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һ֣֮ˣ
ڶ֣֮ˣľɹӰٻ
֣ڰҹ֮ˣߵѪز
֣ɫа֮ˣɫһѵ
֣ڿֻ֮ˣ
֣̰֮ˣ̰ĺ顣
֣֮ˣ飬а롣
ڰֱ֣֮ˣ
ھ֣֮ˣɷˡ
ʮ֣֮ˣ˥飬˱
ʮϵصһ̶ȣͳˡˡʮ˽ĵطͳˡء
֪Ĺءá̫ƽ䡢ǹЩ׼⣬ʮۼĵطҹꡣ


001 ͨ
˵ҳʱ콵꣬ҼȦˣȻϻ¡໽СҰԺ׷ܣˣ͸˸ֽС׷˵м塣
ٺ˸ģǵôָһԣָϲǮҰָձˣ˵ɣ˸֡
굱ľʫ
ú׷ڻͨˣʱغ
Ұ͸˵ִͨɷ٣ҹƶʮ꣬ұ̻֮أʲôʱŸŵصŮˣ㺢ӵ㽻ˡ
ҰŻˣûƽ֮ľʫ
Ϲӵư׷ͣѿӷƨé¥ȳϹ֣עƸ
ʫһ̯˵٣ɲȥ˭ûޡ
˵ȫҶˣû㻹˵˵ʲô
ҰֱӰѴһ壬кȺ˾˰һᣬ֮ǰճԱҰֱִϡ
ǸľͺҼһˣΪֻҪһ¶棬˶ָָ˵쿴˴ʺСӡ
˵Ǽ˭֪ҲûĹһ˵׼ˣбҵѧǵһҹ˱ҹֽС·ݸչʮա
ҹϰСʱַ˳磬ȥͶʱңֵܣǣ׬öģ׬ٵģ
׬ٵġ붼ûͻش
ֳʲô׬öҲҸɣƨۡ
͸Ұ˸ҹڱĹȴպŸɡ
ڱǳڱбⱣⱣҪΧѲߣڱΰ
˵ڱĹʱⱣ˺üҪҲߣΪֳкȾµģڱӻֺãܻˣһҹ׳ƿġ
˵ڱǰ׸ģƽʱϹУ¾㣬ȥš
֪չңһֱе㲻˼ûᣬֱϦ죬ҵĻˡ
Ϧǵ˸ɶԡ˵˾ǰѳĵŮյһParty˵ġ۵ֱߣһеùݡ
ɶһֱҹ룬ҵԼһһ˲˶ˣ˵ණ࣬˰ɣ
˴СӴ󣬾˳ſߣߵĸſʱˡ
˳ŷһͼױ϶Ÿˣ˫ʱʱһ£һһ¾ˣҹĲѧڲװˣΪ㣿
Ҳ㶣붼ûקһţһСӼϣСһΡͨһ˶׿ʱһÿҲſ壬ȻǵԱС¡
һ㶣ϽС£ɶأ
ʺأ
С⻰ǴＷģһ˵Ҫȥˣ
ƽ޹ʸ˼һҲеΣЦǺ˵£˵ʲô߿ޣ֪ĻΪҰôء
ȥİɣһָͣһţҽײаôţ
С˵Ĩһᣬʵøˡ
ϸһǣСϸߣӡɼҾΪʲô㣿
ίһС¿ԭռǮˡ
ǵÿ춼յٳΪСǲϹɶһˣֶ߰˰ٿǮ統ʱͻˣƢһ˦Сһ⣬һҧСǸ˴ͨ˿ӵǮء
ʵ治룬Сڵһˣÿ쾭ֵǮżͿżǮпԭüÿ춼ټٵգе˵ȥˡ
С׷ǲҲң
Ҳ˵СĨ˵Ǹʵ֪ڵִôˣ˵ܿԴӵһ˼Ǯ֮ÿǮʱ޲ðӶɳ治֪ЩٳĶġ
һҪޣҸϽȰ˵ֵȱޣҰȥ
˵첽˲صһڰ̨ǰĥء
߹ȥƤЦʣ磬أ
̿ûһۣ˵ĥأСиڹˣ˶С
һǿЦأˡˡ
ȻƢǱ˭϶ҲСûӴͨ˿ǮҾЦ˵磬С¶أҪԭһأҿ˳ǼǮ̫ˣûע⡭
棿üӸɵ֡
ɵ
ɵƣϹѽ
һӣ˵ŻӰ̨ץһǮͳ˦˹Ǯɵõǡ
ҼһһҲסˡ
˦һصǶʮźƱէһСɫԪ󳮲࣬ϸͲԾˣЩǮӡĲëүүŶʴۣЩո˵ڤǮ
СϹôţôǮҲգ
ʱ˵˵Сǲ̫۸ˣҲˣ쿪ʼһǮҾͶһָͷûҵĥˣ
һϽԲ˵ǵҲΣҪʱҺúò飿
϶ȥˣⲻƨûɶԿϸ椶ִȥȥˣ
һ϶ˡ
϶ǵıͷӣҲһźݽɫмһ̧ͷϷɣԱ̳ţԢ⡰ΨҶҳƳԶ˿е㲻ţʲôƵģoIo
̾˿ֱԹ˵˵ô꣬Ķʲô˰϶СŮϣϴȥ椶һͲǺöĻ֦չľˣ·ŽţŸŵأװX
һ˵⻰ˡһһ¾˵˵Ƿ


002 ڽ·Ů
ú׷ڻͨˣʱغִͨɷ٣ҹƶʮ꣬ұ̻֮أʲôʱŸŵصŮˣ㺢ӵ㽻ˡ
Щʮʱ赱Цתҵģ䶼ǵǸ׿˵ġ
ڡʮ꣬ŸŵصŮҲˣ⵽ɺϣ˵ǸĵԴǳˣ
أͻȻһ˵С϶ףǮһǽɣ쿪ʼúöŵ㡣
ҸϽӦһѵԿӸңƽˣˡ
֮С²ŸҴӲ͵͵ﵽҸǰ˵С׷˵ҶˣֵллˣǮ¶ҸṩҪ
ô㻹
СµͷյҸǰ˵ͦɵģû֤ݣһֱû˵
С¸ңŮĸˣÿ춼ߵĿ788ײ;ˮӼǮֵʱǮȺŮöˡ
һϷС£ȺŮʲôʱʲôʱߣ
Сһ˵ǺҹŹʲôʱһûȺŮиص㣬·ʱŽţŸŵء
СµĻ˵ҳɵˣ֣Ÿŵأʲôడǣ˵һСͽˣһô໹ΰ
ˣٸ¶С˵϶ȥǸŮ⼸Ůһģ϶ʱ˵أ⼸ŮƯŽ·˳ɶǸѧ赸ϵٵġ
Сһ仰ǰҸοˣոﻹһһ룬԰ѧﲻŮѧ棬Щ赸ϵٵŮ裬·еżϰߣ⵹ҲΪ棬Ҹʲôϵһأ
һĥǮ´ַû׼ѧģΪҪǹ߷Ļôɵ춼ͬһҹأѲһȺŮѧأ
ɲˣֱ
ϾҲǺǵģǵץһŮС͵һֱӴ绰һƱֵܣ˴ʡ֣˼ǸŮС͵ˣͦŸ˵ҸҰְ֣ɺӵ˭Լ֪Ķ˵ȥ
С˵ĹѾѵʰɾˣҾôҶ°ˡ
˶ԺһµﶫȻ׼Żؼңקʱ;ñһŤͷһټһ׻Ӱֱͦͦұһ
һһ¸ϽǰһͷһһǸŰTѼñŮﻹŸǡ
õʱ֣һ룬᲻˵Ŀˣ
̵ܽһ仰£󣬳ʲô£Ҹϻһܣǹ˿Ұ֣
ҵôУ
ǿѹŭЦӣҵˣҪɣ
Ķ֪ûң͸ȫҲƵģǰűקһľžںĵ
еѹסˣʲô˼ҳô˧ңһ˫һһͰѾקˡ
Ůһ̺ݺݵһۣЦˣ˵ǣŮ㿴üѽһΪͦÿĿǰأ
ΪŮȫһҿһȻＷһ仰
ͷˣ㻹Nɪʲô
һͼˣѾͷƬ˭أ
˭˭ء
Уͷˣóв
ؿһۣƲ˵óһ꣡ǧ꣬Ѿһɻǲֽܰܣأ̫ƽ
˵ŮʱͺˣҲûټҶ˾׼Ĺתˡ
˵ѾвɣŸǣһ㶼
׻˵úãвŮҲžת뿪ˡ
Ҹߵ·ڣִһܴ֣Ǹ˵
֮ǰڲұСŹһˣˣֱӻͷŻƵ·ƾͼһֵǵſڿޣϸһȻ϶
˵Сǰ椶ȥǸŻ쵹ͦ磬ҳ˵磬ôôͻˣа
Ķ֪һҵ϶ͷû̧תܡ
ˣ˵ôˣһĶвɣ
ҲûһĲˣֱӻؼˡ
ѧУ񷿣ϰҹ͸һ·ڣл˼¾˯ˡ
һ˯Ķ̤ʵ˸جΣμһŮҵĴͷޣ޵﷢š
Ůĸһͷ̷ȻڴͷҺܽҿңûнţϥʲôûУƾƯڷ
ҵʱͷԺ͸ʱһԸо¶ģȫˣ׳ơѹ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲκ˯ˣѾˡ
εû룬ϴһ¾ͳȥˣһֱ浽ߵ࣬ȥ˵
˵һ϶ȻûڣϰҲûڣԼһ׿ŵԿףƽʱǵһ
һ½ϰˣŵʱ￪ʼϿˣһæµҲû϶ˡ
һֱʮ࣬û¶棬ԱСºȻ˹קҽŵ˵С׷ˣ
˭ˣʡ
ǣǰ·ڽŵġ
С˵ͳһԪ˵ǵĶǰһ˰˰û㣬ϸˣǮ
ùǮϸ˿ȷʵǼٵģŶëүүѵǮ¸޹أ
תһ룬˵Ǯõģֻһֱñ֣ԽǮϴɣҲǲܰɣ
뵽ЩҰǮװ˿ڴСЩŮĶ
С͵͵һָ谵Ĳʵ£ͼſڵĿһȦŮһˣġİקһƶܵģˡ
ŮΧһȦĵģϸһ⡣
С˵ЩŮ·ʱŽţԭֻ·ʱǾŸҲǲŵصġ


003 
Сʾעɳߵһ̷Ůң϶ȥǸ椶
ǸŮżɫ¶ȹĳӦöȺŮõˣŮǳΨһͷ̷ȺһֺȺĸо
ϸ۲һĽţŮһŸ̧Žš
۲һǼŮ֮ҾСȻȥˣԼȥ̽̽ȺŮ
ɻû߹ȥأͼһЦĽ˧ƿߵŮǵĿǰƤЦ
Сһǹȥڨģҹֵط˵ӵ֮
ǼŮҲûԳ˿ؼܿ͸ֵЦ΢һϤ֮Сӵ־ͿʼʵˣƵƵߵǸ̷Ů
ʼʱηηļװ⣬̷ֶŮƺûʲôӦӾ͸ˣһ֮СӺȻڶ̷Ůֹ˼䣬վ˳ְѶ̷ŮҲקǣ־ͳſȥ
ںҾ͸˳ȥһСѾŮͣ·һZ4ĲŷĤʲôҾͲ֪ˣûߣҲ֪ʲôأ˹ˡ
ҹƣ˶ʱڿ϶²ˣҲûſڵţͰѸ濴ıԽ˹ĶҪ³˾͸Ͻ֪ͨңǧˡ
Եͷתֽ˵ȴŮҹڼǮ߹ȥǼ˵ЦŮġ
ŮǵĿʱȻ˺ȶСӣ
Ҳ˴ߵģ֪Է˭ͻعͷȥһҪͼһɫTѼñŮұԶɳϣЦųҹָ
ô
һϳ˵ҡͷѾͷƢһ¾ˣ߹ȥû˵Ӵⲻ̫ƽС˵˭ȶأ
ŮԼؿɨһۣѷ˵˭˵˭£㲻ȶ̡̣
˵һְۣʣҵһǵﶼʲôóԵģ
ʲôУԼ£ҷܵ
ŮҲȫʾƲ˵Уϸ棬ӸӸձٷˣҪˮΪҲ̫ȵġ
в
վߣְ˻Ц˵СɵҶأҿھ㣬顣
㣿ңûȷʵв
ŮһЦһʼ˵Сɵӣ࣬Ҫǲɣ
Ҫǲأҽ˵
Ķ֪ŮˣһشҪǲô춼У
ģ
ЦˣȰ´һЦ˵аҪǲ͸󡣡
Ůһۣһ¾ͺˡ
ʵҾǶ˵ʵǰӳ˸Ӱ˵㡢˵㻹һ֮⣬ҲûëƯ˵˼աҵҲ
ҺٺٻЦʣţһ֪ʲôأò̫ƽɣ
˭ţå
ŮüòһЦŭˣվתߡ
ߵһˣ͸Ͻ׷˳ȥ
׷ſûסŮӭͻȻһӰѾײ˸š
˲ܼټ³ͻȻҵʱͱײڷǽŲڵ£ͻȻײôһһˣ֡
û뵽һûأѾָұСҲϹǲǣ
һ¾ˣϳȻ磬ڸղûڣҪȻǵôҡ
ɽƽʱ̫һƽʱøɸɾ󷽵ģɽһģ͸ڵϴһֻ۾Ҳ׵ﻹŰƿ׾ƣſڻȥվվˡ
ҸϽʣ磬ôˣ
߶ȥ
һѾͰ˿ߣɺȵѾȶˣһҪҸæסֹĵʣ磬㵽ôˣʲôֵ˵
ɨһۣȻӷŭ˱ˣûŪô£ȻꡱһͱҺ
磬磬ҲڶҪ㱧Сȥ
޵ôģ㲻Ҷ㣬Ʋƣ֪ôźأ˵ֵܣ϶϶ˡ
϶
һ㶣Ͻ׷ô£տһƺҲ˲٣ֹ˿ھ˵ֵܣ϶ˣӵʱԼ
磬ɱЦ
Цһ£Ļ϶أôˣ
ʱ˵㿴ǿЦ϶ǵŸڵֵܣ
˫ͨ죬ǸѾң⣬ǸЦ϶ˡ
ԴԴ˵϶һֱһסһ춼û֪һֱʱűھ͸ڵϣͱ˾
ɳһ϶ĸϢ֪ʹ绰йȥ¼˷ݿڹ
϶ԭɳֻ˵ģҽԺ̫ƽ俴϶ʬ壬Ȼҽ˵϶ûκ˺ۣ϶ʱ߿Ѫ۾ɵϴ̫˼ˡ
ҽ϶ʱӦ賿ңʱӦ϶ǸŽŵĶ̷Ů뿪ʱ䡭
˵ҵʱˣ϶Ȼˣ
һ룬ⲻѽ
϶賿Ҿˣô
ĵ°ʱڵ濴Ǹǡ


004 ˳
ʱҼһ£˵ֵܣ϶ôã˵ͻȻ費ţ϶¶ҰߵŮҳһ¶йϵ
磬֪ŮĶ
һǸ̷ŮҲ˲ˣֻ°ʱۻϴˣקߡ
ſڣҰѱԽ˹ϵ˻ڲڣ
Եͷ˵Сİɣ۶ûգһֱأûˡ
Ǿˣ磬Ƕڳأ
˵糯˹ȥ
һ˵̷Ůڳһ۳嵽ʻԶû˵һž˳ϡ
˸ҹ
һɳﾹȻûһ㶯ģûʱͼˣӵϳשͷϺ˹ȥ
ƵҴһҿһӣһ;קпק˳š
ɳŴ򿪵һ˲䣬ҡȫɵˡ
ͼ֮ǰǸ˧һڼʻϣֻ۾ɵϴ󣬴ƤﹰѪ˳һֱ°򤡣
֮⣬ûκӰǸ̷Ůأ
֮ҳһۣҲˣϽҡͷ˵СңһֱأŮû³ѽ
û³Լûˣ
ҵһۣһСˣŮˣǳ˭淴ģѵ˵С֮ǰԼ˳±˷֣
ʱͻȻһȣô챨
˵껰שͷ˳·ǰܣһҸԸϽ绰ҲϽ׷ȥʵ磬ʲôѽֲǵ¶
һ·ǰ壬һͷҲص˵СȷŮڳǲǣ
֮ǰȷʵڳϣۿеϳģôûˣ
ֵĻţҿ۰˳ɱˣ˿ûãŮĿ϶߲ԶŪ
ԭŮҳ
һҲǣŮеģеĶˣ¶ȷʵ̫ˡ
ıƢ϶µĻŮôܣ϶ûˣֵ֮𲻹죬Ĳ
ҸؽһͨܣѾǺҹ˽ûˣŮڸĻϾܱǷ֣һͷ˵ǸŮˣӰӶû
籾òˣѾ˴죬۵òˣ·ϾͿʼس̡
һתͷ˵ϹȾ˻ûԷأģǮûԵȥ
أ˵վߣ뿴ΧûʲôͨŵĿ͵ꡣ
˵ƽʱϰǲܴǮģ˵ҲɣС¸հȺڽŮ˵İ˰ٿǮˮøң˳־ʹˡ
һһҵͨӪҵͣͽȥ˵Եߣִӿ㶵źƱӸԱˡ
ɷԱȴһε˵ҹЦ𡭡Ǯôܻ
ǮôͲܻˣ
һӣ̧ͷԱһɵˡ
ȷʵһźƱԶԪ󳮲࣬ϸ
Ʊӡŵͷʴۡ
ô£
ҸϽѿڴǮ˳һһǮȫڤǮ
ⲻѧǮСֽҵģҸʱϸRMBôͶڤǮˣ
뵽һ飬Ҳ˲Եˣž˳ȥ
ŽֵʱݲҰףһЦ·б洫ں̧ͷһһȻǾưǼŮЦбĹվǰȳأǸ̷ŮҲС
ǸСУҹĶй⼸Ƕɵɣһ룬ԣǿɲɵɵӸҹﻨڤǮ
ץĶĵǣҲ˲ȺŮʲôˣȥʱ·սǴһ죬һʻͣվǰ
û뵽ô˻й¿·ɡ
ۿżŮ˳ҲûϽҲ׷ȥϳһϾȻûͶ䣿
ƶأޱ鶼ûһ۵˾˵ϳߣ𵲵
ȻûҪǮһ¿·ɡ
Ҳû룬ͳȥȰ죬ҹĹģеĳ˿Ͷͷñֱַֻϥϣһ仰˵Ҳ¹ƴҹĳ˿Ƕû˰ɡ
ߵмλʱһ۾ϳ֮ǰļŮĴϣֱŲ˵
һ̳˹ȥߵмĶ̷Ůǰû˵ѶڤǮ˳˦ϣС椶ҿĶܣ
˵Żһѽİ˹һĶڤǮ
ǣ߾ҿôͣУϸ³绹أʵ϶ǡ
˵ʱЩŮһֱͷֱһ϶Ǹ̷ŮƵذͷ̧ʼЦ
һЦˡһ˲ɵۣ۾ûֻڶԲ
裬ѽ
ŵһУʱһͨһԵ˳̧ͷһǲ㱻ȥ
ñֱͷĳ˿ͣȫû򣬶ʱҲѾע⵽ңֿ쿪ʼЦ
˶ˣڵ֪ʱͼһӰȻԱһקԼߵλϡ
СӲҪǲǣ˳Ҳϣ


005 Ϧ˾°
˵ʱһ֣ͰһŻɫֽҵϣҲѾ壬ͷѼñŸǣȻǸżǸŮ
̫ƽ㣬ôҲڣ
ϳŮһ˲Ҽ˷־ȣ˷ܵû뵽ˣȵǣȫ˾ڣΨһģֻ۾Ư
˭̫ƽأС㣡
Ůһۣҧ˵Сӵ治СҾ˵϶û뵽㡢Լˣ
⣬⵽ô°⳵ŮġѾŵе״ˣ˵ˣɱŮקλŷֽ֮ΧЩûġ˿͡Ѿȫһͷ
ʱС㲻ͷ˵ȱϻҪһߡ
˵ŻأѾͣһվվǰ
ͣʱһۣվ̨һɫҵ̫̫ͷֻŽŸ̧𣬳һͣ¾Žż˳
̫̫ϳʱСϽվǰߣҲҺҲȥ̫̫ϳĿյһǰһԲȥ˳һ˵棬˲ˣͨһ̱˵ϣͷһĹѾһοˡ
⣬⵽ô£ҳС㾪ʵ
㻹ײˡ
С˵߹˾°룬Ŵ󿪣ȪϷ˼ӣһʱأǹ»Ұҵʱ䣬ϲҹҹߵأĺɫа֮Ͱѵһأ˰ѲɾĶ˹ȥ⼸Ż¡
㣬㲻ǿЦɣȫС˵ĻΪЩ̨һֻڵӰС˵ܿ
˵ЦǿЦ⼸ǵǼֻڸԩ»֮꣬أǣһֱΧҸ˵ˣ࣬Ҫңˡ
Ļһ飬Ͻʣô죿ƽ£ɰ˵û׼ЩŮֻȥǲΣգ
İɣǵſڳ˭ȥǳûЪҵûˣǼŮĲģһ취ʰǵġ
С˵һۣ˵㣬˵Ҳ֣ѾˣϵһûϵĽٻû⣬ɣߣԺҪʲôΣˣиׯ㵽ҡ
С˵תߣҸϽں溰ȵȣ㻹ûʲôˣΪʲôأ
Сûңһкܿʧ˺ҹС
С֮ҿ±ȻѾҹˣҲԼൢ飬Ͻȥ¡
ɸû̧ǰأȻһ΢ؽŲεδģСһ·Сһһͷһ˹ˣŲǴұģȴһӰ
ɻһͷɨĵ棬ͼűĵ¶һ˫ţżأŸ߸ߵ̧š
һ˲䣬һˡ
ң
һŮ˵ұܣѾˣ˵ٹ֡ҲֻӲͷƤתȥͼվŵŮһɫȹһͷض̷
ҹ򶨣׳ŵ˵֪ʲôҲ㣬㣬ô
𣿸ô⻰Ӧ㡭˵
ңҾʵʵ˵ˣ
˵־嵽˼Ƿŭһθ糹ŭˣֱָ˵϶ֵܣֵܺˣʲô趼Ĳ㣡
̷ŮЦЦݷͬʱҷӿʼۿʧѪ
ҵģǷҶٶҪһϣһġ㡭
Ůֿ˹ɶᶯʱ׺ݵĿʱһͻȻִı߹һӰ
·ҡڵģһֻ̾һֻץſשȻ硣
Ұûȥż˾ˡ
ߵŮʱûȰǰŮ´һȻһָۣ׶ʹ˸ɫ˼ǣ椶ҵǸ
ҸϽͷѾŵ˵ˡ
ҵͷһ㶼ûһܵŮ󣬶û˵שԴġ
ңŪ㣡
žһש˲ŮԴϣŮûԤϵֱӵ£Դĵ˲ӣࡱڵҹ
Դϵһ˲䣬߬ŰשȦˣӵɳԴڵϹ˼Ȧ̧ͷʣֵ֣ܣܸܲҽͽͣɶࣿ
ܰ
Ķ˵ϽͣһѾӾܣҲˣϽ°שһһ߹ǺؽУһֱܳȥֿڲʵ۵òͣ
Աһһץסŭô°Сӽ첻ҽҰԴҲ
磬Ҵ
˴ҷζըˣЪһҲ˵磬ǣŮĲˣǹײˡ
ҰѸֿ¸һ˵ˣ·ϳĬã˵ֵܣզ찡
Сʱ˵ˣҪΣȥׯǸŮǶˣҿ۸ϽȥǸСȰɡ
һ£Ҳͷ˵ԣҪײˣҲûİ취ˣ˵ǸСߣȥĶǶ֪ȥ˽ׯҲҲѽ
⵹ǣ磬ǣ˵զ죿
Ĭһ£ƺ취ɾʱװڿ㶵ĵ绰ͻȻˡ


006 
ͳ绰һӣǵԱС£˵󾯷Ѿֳ˶߹ˣΪһĿ֤˵ȥ¼ڹ
Ҷϵ绰һ˵ֵܣȱţȻصȰȥׯҲ١
һ룬ҲֻôˣϾǸСȥĶǶ֪
׳սľػ˵ſѾΪһˣǴӵĿˣڿ참
һǻˣ¼ľ˹ͬĵطʼʶ¼Ǹ˧ϾһϵûУ˾˰ҲûʳʲôʹɢûҲչˡ
Ϳ˶ɢ֮󣬵ʣЩԱŷˣԺȻʣ磬զ찡ˣۻŰ
ûˣʲôţ
Ʋһû˵
¶粢û˵ȥϾ˶ӣҪǴȥԵ겻á
ÿ˷˼ٿǮ˵ôȻȥϢﲻţóûװһ£ǴǮˣûߣڰ̨ǰƾơ
һۣҪôߣԼ˵ˡ
磬˵ʵҲһȥˣpia
ŵֶҧ׼ˣ
û˵˭£Ҳ£ãͱȥˣ˯պһްɡ
˵һתӵ˵˯ԣ˯ɱв
ͷ˻Ϲĥʲô
ϣ˭ûߣڰ̨µ˵㱨ֽպ˯һޣϾа
δ⺦£ǹ⿪Ų̋˯ģɴĵӵʱҺȻһĺ߳ˡ
ǸŮ˵ᣬ͸ںӶߺ߳ҡƵģɵĶʲôŮˣ
뵽ͷƤʼ飬ûͰ͵͵һС뿴
ģģͿмŸۺɫӰŤ壬߳Ǵ﷢ġ
ѽŮȻ׷ˣ
һ£Ҿ͵͵קһұ˯磬磬ѣֹ֣
һ㶯ûУԽԽżԽԽ£׳ŵķȥ磬һͷͷ۶Цأ΢΢š
磬ôˣģ
һ䣬ȴûشֱֻضҿŴӰ̨΢ƹ⣬ͼ˫Ѫ˿ܲɫҲе㷢ס
Ȼң𣿡
˵ɶͻȻôһ䣬һʱһеûӦ
˵껰ѾسŵذվܲЭҡţͳм䡰衱ǸŮ˹ȥ
磡˰ɣѽ
Ҽںֱֲҷ̫ңֱͦͦؾͳ˹ȥʼǸŮĺ߳衣
ֱʱҲŷһ⣬·ƺƽʱ̫һңֻŽż𣬽ŸȻûŵء
ˡһ˲ɵۡ
ûҷӦأͻȻ͸оһˬ͸˰ѿŵı俿Һһұϴֱͷꡣ
һŮ˵̾ϢȻұѽȥѽȥѽ
ͻȻҲ˲װ˯ˣ͵һ¾תͷȥһҪͿһͷŮڵͷҵĺ󱳡
ŵáѽһҽУվ㵽˰̨ϣһǸͷŮҲֹͣ˶̧ͷѪģٶֲˣϸȥһ
ɵˣ˵ϻĴȺܰˣĹҲһףôŻˣ
ʱǸѪŮѾӵͷûѪ˵ȥѽʲôҿҿ
һ˵һ߻ӳ˹ܲܣֲɺȻζոǾ仰
ʲôнȥĶȥ棿
ʲôֽʲôʲôҲûа֮ǰڴװС¸ҵǼڤǮֲԾˣȻ󡭡
뵽һ͵һ
ѽҿڴﻹжСŻֽ³Ұѷ˺㶵ˡ
ۿŶѪģŮѾߵ˸ǰŵøϽѷ˳һΣ˵Ҳ֣գ۵ĹŮȻûӰˡ
ѵŷˣ
ѧ֮ǰСӰѷԼһϣոջҡӵķȹŮҲѾʧӰˣֻʣ绹裬ﻹһٺٵɵЦ
ҸϽܹȥקʣ磬㵽ôˣ磿㵹˵仰ѽ
ȫɵЦӺҰڶţһǵһμһҿԿ϶϶ЩŮѲ˸ϵ
û취ѹҲûİ취ˣֻʱӰϣܳȥţŵɽسһ·ۣС˵ΣվȥߵĽׯ
һ·ŵĻֽҲû˺ⶫͦõģ˺ֱŮϡ
·͵͵ССӿֱ֮ɵˣҴԱȥʱһһ˵磬㿴˼ҷãСϣͲ±˺߱ץˡ
˵ˢ˵㽬š洫ҽרţƤѢСȥ
ׯٽһûȥ֪Ķﳵ˽ׯʱ춼ѾˣҺȻһѾͷ˵µׯɽׯôô֪סĶ


007 ϴԹ
һգøƵġ
֪ʱͿ·һ̯ǰиСƺڳ֡
СӶһĸͷͦݣòﳤøƵģ֣Ҿ˹ȥ
ߵСӸǰûСӾȿڵСӣҿɵˣ˳·ǰߣһСҹգſôǼҾҪȥĵط
С˵ͷԶԣҺô֪Ҫ˭
ҡҡͷش˵֪֪ʲôġ
㶼֪˭ô֪ʲôģ
ȥ
С̬Ȳã˵ôʶˡ
һ룬ȥȥɣôָ·Ҳûгָʾ·
ǰֱ˴Ŷףͼ·иСӣСӵĻҹգսһȥһǰȻһԺǰͣг߹ȥš
ŵǸˣͦƾɣ°ɽһңЦ˵Сӣҿɵˡ
ҲңҸͲʶҸ
˰Ժһߣһ߱ͷҲص˵Ҹ辰Լдڵϣȥ·һ㡣
ҡŶһԺͣĻڵ˸辿ʼдԼգǸûң첽ͽݡ
˵ô£ôԴӵ˽ׯԺЩһģ
дأԱһӵͻȻˣСŶ
һ־ϲϽк˵ţҿҵˣѽ
˭ţ
СֱţֺٺٻЦ˵ѽԼ˵ģҿ϶ҪǲĻôŶУ˵͸Ҹ󡭡
ͣͣͣ˵ˣ˵һŰ߳ȥ
Сһۣ˵˹ͣǰʱͷһɨһ۾ɨڵд֣ɫͻȻһ䣬˵ȶ̵ģգ
԰ղһɽͷдġ
˵ͼС̧ʼ㣬һĬüͷҲԽšԽһȻһ̧˵һֱûʣǲǽ׷콵꣬ǼȦˣ
ԶԶԣ񣡡
һ¾ͷˣû뵽Ѿͷһףֻҵգҳʱ龰ֶ
ɽžСһߣ˵Сӣҿǰˣš
С˵Żתߣҵסˣ׷ȥô£ݵѾˣɽ߳ʱϵѾһɫĵۡ
ɽЦǺߵǰǿһдڵϵգʾҸݣҾ͸˽ȥ
֮ɽʾ£Ц˵֪Ҳָƣ˵ˣҲþ㣬ƫƫв㲻ɵɣ˵ֲ֣
һɽ߶߶߶߶һûʣʦܲ˵ͨһ㣿У֪λǡ
㻹ߵĶ˵Ķ治֮ͨˡ
ɽһЦʫСӣﷸĻ꣬׹˼ɽˮιꣻҪƽⷨ
ɽʫأغõͻȻءһͱ˴˿ŵûͷһȻСŸӴ˽̧־Դк
Ѿı׷򰡣
ŵøϽɽ㣬С㿴˳ҵپ׷˹ɽվҪȰܣʱꡱһ죬СһӾɽԴϣһ¶ء
һˣСҲˣæȥɽͼɽ΢΢һΣûȷؾͨһ˵ϡ
壡Żң
СŻˣҲ˲ˣһԣȻôµҲ˲ôˣŵøϽܣע⵽֪ʲôʱſֶ˸ˣ֮ǰָ·ǸСӣбſҶء
Ҫܳȥ̧סң˵ܣڳţǹСɾͱסˡ
һҲǣϾֻСܰҶԸǸŮˣɻͷһһС㣬һΪѵ˵ҲܣҲˣŷƵң˭˭ܣ
˼ҺòˣŹءСӷŰ˵
Ϊʲôû
ûɶʮǰְʺˣܲ
ʲʲô
˲һ㶣ֻͷһС㣬µ˵˵ҹʱȥ˸ġС㣬㣬òǡ
ȶ̵ģˣǸľҰ֣
С˵İһԣǮˣһٱҰһֱڻǣھȻˣСӣ㵹ùôҰֵģھô
СԽ˵Խ˵ž˹ңתѹɽȴںϽס̾˿˵С㣬㶼ôˣôô嶯
壬ҿҳ嶯ͿۼҵĳˣﻹҾ
ɽһ̾Ϣ˵С㣬춨ܵЩ¶ڲ˵ҵĻȰǰĽ٣֮ʲôˡ
ɽһԴϵİһ˵Сӣд˽ţǸŮ֮ǰǱǺģԩͷծǳˡ
һ;ˣϽʵ˵ɶҺģʦῪЦƽʱƣżڡӹŮ֮⣬϶ҲҶʶôẦأ
ɽ˵ʱ裬ʾЦŵݹһ˵𼱣Ҿһ仰
롣
ɽЦеͷ˵ܺãȥ˯һ


008 ׽
ͷô˵ġ
ɽһۣһߵСһۣԹ˵˯ô˯ֶŮ
壬ǴɡСԱҧ˵
Ǻǣȱ𼤶˵
ɽ֣˵֮䣬ϳ½ӵֻǲ֮һϳʲ죬˾չ⣬½Ӳõأ˽ŸذڿաΪԹ˼䣬෸ٺˣŮк˭ΪʲôҪǣȥϰ֪ˡ
ɽ˵ҸϽʵʦ֪ʲôãǹѽҪ鷳æϽǰ˰ɡ
ãá
ɽҡҡͷ˵ãҶ㲻㣬׷٣˵Ļȥܰ׮Թ
ʦָ㣡վϽһ
Ц˵һСҵСͽһȥɥ֮ؼÿһǮҪطȵ֧㣬£ʱСô
лʦ
ָһʱСһԱԹ˵壬۷ǵðúԼȥҲȥ
С㣬Ҫ֣֮ԶɿΪңҹϵܣҪΪֿǡ
壬С֪ˡ
С죬ɽüҲֻܲ鲻ԸصͷӦ
ɽбſڳҵСӣ˵Ҳһȥû㲻С
Сӵʹ죬һͷתߣɽʾҺСҲ뿪ҸϽɽǧлɽС˳ȥ
ţСӿһҲûٹɽسСָ·
Сںһ·ֻҺ޲öҪһȻΪҰִ¶ڻɿСӵǽ̸֮ǰɽǰģһҲŷ֣Ѿһ롣
ʲô˵ԼСΪԼСǸ¶û֣ɽ˵ҲûСʱرܷ棬ƵģÿΰɽǼ˾ǸӡԽԽ󣬡ӡŽžͳˡͽкˡ
ɽʦС׶壬ʲôû˵ֻңʮ˶һү
ĵĹǾͽҵָ·£ܿѳͣǵſڡ
˳ҸϽԿ˾ţһȻˣ滹Ǻںģɭÿ¡
˵ţȾһʮ׳ȣȲǵҹҴСͺߣûأͼںĴȻʲôǰ˹ȥ
ǸӰһһƵģһ¾˹ȥûһ
Сһ̵Һͺĺ棬ͳŻƷֽԼͷһţһ˺Ķͷϡ
ҲףСǸ
Сİһۣߵ⣬ضŷڶǺͷУͽ͸ģ⵲סͿˡ
С˵һȻԭˣһ֮ǰεľͨ˳ˣϡڵ㱻ǸѪŮץסʱҿڴŷҡ
뵽ҸϽְѷ˳˶ͷϣɸϾͱС˺ȥ˵ǵ̫أණ϶ֹһֻҺͺ׽ǣ㸺
ң
ûҽűߣСһžͰ߽˴
˴һҵһ֮ǰˣӺӻڣѾӰˡ
᲻ѾˣڵҳС㾪ʡ
Сȴҡҡͷ˵գЩ¶棬϶ڵأ㺰ܲܰ
ҵͷǰСĻʼڵһһߺ磬˺üҲ֣ǱͻȻое㷢ԽԽ
һͷһʲôûУʱһɨһֳһԽŸ߸̧ĽżҵĽŸ
ѽ
ŵһУһгͼһѪģȻұ˳ǱѾֲǿ޻Цˣֻһŵûˡ
һⲻ֮ǰץҵǸŮҲСˣҸܶܲˣȻŮѾſ첲ӺһѰ§ס
С㣬ѽ
ŮԽԽ˵ˣȻǸСǹ˽𣬸ûҡ
ۿѪģͿҲˣʱֻСȻһ˹˺ԼͷϵĻֽŮһŮʱɿңֱͦͦڵϣֻգۼĹʧˣֻʣŻֽһѰڳεĻҽһûˡ
汻ŮŻˣþȵĵһʱͳСŭС㣬Ϊʲô粻ңıɱ׷ǲǣ˽ǲǣ
СȴֻһߣûңҸҪһҽȴȻӹ̨洫Сһ֪ǺŵøϽܹȥһҪһ¾ֱˣСҲһ¾ͺˡ
ͼקʵϥǵĿڹ̨Աɪɪɫ԰׵ҧסߣһɹɻ˳ʡ
ˣһӢûùҪ̫ˡ
ԭŵöˣԱҲ֪ôźˣʣ⣬ô°Ҫɶأ
ΡΡ˵Ӿҵط򣬽Ȼӹ̨´ܳһھͰӸҧסˡ


009 
˵ʱҧؼλȻһŻŰһͨһ¾͵˵ϡ
ҸϽȥɻûȿأͼͷһֻ֣ΡΡץס˵棬ŵذܿ죬һͷŮˡﴫһ֧֧ؽ
ûԶ͸ӾȫʧˣֻʣһЩһĻҽûþͱſڹνķ紵ɢˡ
⣬ô£
ҾȵС㣬Сε˵ͯаβٶϰȻײˣúͯҪȻһ淢ôʧͿҧԾ
С˵ʱһֱںϸ鱻ҧĵطȷû֮˿ӣƬ֮ҲתѹҸϽȥ
һȻ˵Сʲôˣôôɧ
ûûʲô
εЦЦĶҸడ͸Ͻתƻ˵ˣԼλʦˡ
ƽʱţһ˵λʦϽվҾ꺮ůģС֣СϽԶԶģʵȱЩûõģ̯ϴ֪𣿡
󣬴£ʦʾϹϾ˵
㣬ϲʶ񣿡
һ¾סˡ
ҸϽԱ߽˵ʦ˵϶ŮǺ磬ʶˣ˭
֮һۣԾȵʣС㲻ʶ𣿡
ʶôǵʶôһ
𣿼ǰиʦѧԺŮ棬С϶ƴأ
˵һȻԺӡһĸ̷ЦܿɰŮ
ǰǵȷʵôһλͣ˵ǸʦѧԺĴѧСѾͷĺöҳƯҲر󣬳һ棬ÿι߶һȺƨ棬Ⱦȥʲôġ
Ѿͷ߲ܣƺ˭죬ƽʱҲÿ˺ܿǵύһѣЩԱˣƽʱϲɧЦʲôġ
ɺ֪ʲôʱŮûˣŮֵطټ˴ҶǷ곡ϷҲû⣬ľͰˡ
ôˣ˵ѵͲˣǸ
ԽԽëȻĬһ£С˵ǹĶͦõģҲûΪʲôڷǵҪɣ
ΪǺ
СȻŵʵĵزҶ˵Ǹдһ٣Թ̫ͷҹֻˣҲûߣۿžˣأûǱˡ
壿ү
ʣүΪʲô֪Щ
Ա߽ӻ˵Ͳùˣʦɲһˣ֪¶أ֮ǰ˵Ҫ֪µȥһˣʱˡ
˵ҳ˹ȥᣬͷ˵ѧУѣʹ绰ĵͥסַĶ
˵һ˵˵ȵЪᣬһ˳ȥ绰ˣûṦٻʱֻżһַǿ˵Ǻ̼ҵĵַ˵Сˣһֱүү̳ģǰүүˣھ̻ڡ
С㿴һ۵ַվߡ
²˳٣ߣ͹ȥ
źǶ˺ȥ˺ڵĵط
ǱˣסڽһʱǿСҵڵľ¥
ǸϾɵССûи߲㣬Ҳûеݣַʾסڶ¥¥߽¥¥ȥʱҷе㲻ˡ
¥һ¥ĵһ̨׿ʼÿһ̨׵ϣСʯѹżֽǮ¥˼ڰɥ£
ѽɥµҼˣ¥̨ѹôֽǮһǵһμ
¥ĿһӰҲɵЩţСͺƺȫûбոŵǰߵ÷ɿ죬ҺҲֻӲͷƤȥ
ߵ¥ʱ¥ʯѹŵֽǮԽԽˣҲʯͷѹţ¥Ҳǡ
ЩϷϴͳһ֪ģȵֶ߱ˣҾֽܿǮߣû¥صֽǮѾȫ޴½ˡ
ʱһɳƵͷϵ¥ѽ߰ɣˡ
һ˵С̴ͷȥǽ¥һȻǸһͷͷ̫ţ¥һŵſֽǮء
Ų̫̫ͷһ̾ȵ˵ʲôˣ
Сɨһֻϵĵַɨһǰ̫̫׺ȻһЦʣţǺ𣿡
̫ŵ˵ͷ˵˭ѽô֪Ҽ񣿡
Ǻͬѧ
С˵ָһ£˵λǵʦǰѧУǺϵܺã´ҶѹԽصġ
С˵һһ׵ģ˵ͷʹ˸ɫشӿڴͳٿǮݸ˵ţôæûǮʦһ⣬š
̫ŲΡΡӹǮ۾ʪˣʱСЦ˵ţǿԽȥ𣿡
ŵģ˵껰û̫ŻشСѾԼһק˷ţ첽˽ȥ
̫̫һ㶣Ҳ߽ſڣɿһ˲⡱һſڵǽϣһ˫Թ޵۾ֱҡ


010 ԩ겻ɢ
ǺһźڰգȻǱȴǰһ
˲һϽסߵС㣬СʣС㣬ԾѽҼͲǸŮ
ô֪ǣСŶɳһͳ˸
⻹ԾͲһˣǳĶһ
Ϊ뱻ϳֱԭΣŶˡ
˵ʱ硢ͺҲѾ˽ѾɳȵˣҲû˼ǣʹӱЦŶ˳ɹǳԣ˵ллңǻб𣿡
ţ֪Щ¡
СЦ˵ҶǺͬѧ˵ûûˣ˵ﶼֱǻ񵽵ô£еĽƵġ
Сᵽ̫ŵɫ̾ͱˣȦʼ죬Ȼ
СϽȥ밲οɸס֣Сüšһš
ţֺǲˣ
ûû¡
̫ŴһЦҲѹЩͬѧϾθշżʱ£ʱǶѧУˣҿСŮ費⺢ӴС棬Ҳָܳͷأ˭뵽Ȼɱ
̫Ż˵ﵱһ𣬸Ͻţ˵ɱģ
԰ǲ֪𣿡
̫Щȣ̾Ϣ˵ѧУշżʱ£ΪҾڱУԷżټȥѧУȡ֪ΪʲôˮԼݣԼʺ
̫˵˵ΪǷżڼ䷢£ѧУ쵼뾡ѹȥһǮҸӵڶ֪Ϊʲô벻ġ
֪𣿡СȻʣʻʱȻվʼĿĵڿ
֪ʲô취˶Ѿûˣܡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô׿ţѾˣ
С˵һ̧֣ﾹȻ˸ķĻɫֽţ˵ƽɳ±߷ֵģҲֹһţаõİɣקñˣԼһסҲΪɣ
С˵ʱ̫ˣվʣ㣬ǲͬѧʦǵʲôˣ
ţʲôˣ֮ģ治ö
С΢Ц˵Сĸкޣԩͷҹ϶ǲߵģΪ̵ġҼɫŹֽű˵鵨֮ԺڼﲻߣʲôԲ¶˰ɣ
С˵̫꣬һƨ̱ɳϣ麹ˡ
ң˵
ֳĬã̫̫ڿ˿ڣԴԴԭ̵ĹȻ
˵Ȼ׾ȱٸĸذ̫棬ƽʱٰ̰Т˳ѧϰҲ棬̵һ֧ŮÿѧѱϾѣ־һѾͷѧϰٺʲôãǱѧϰ࣬ȻҸ˼˾ˡ
ɺô룬ѧΪֻѧǸı־Ψһ;ɺ̱Ƶûİ취ֻܰ빤ѧУϿΣϣ͵ѧǸľưɽȥְҹ
ⲢʲôĹ˵˾ɫڵ˺ȺȾ죬Դĺɫ֮ͽҹѣ࿪ƿƣҲÿõƵӶֳɣԼѧѹˣÿ¸̲¼á
ÿһеǮǰ׬ģƽʱԵռ˺ҧţĵǾԲԼӣҲһֱ񣬲ЩҹĻӡǮգûдӹ
ɺþٻǳˡ
̫˵Ůżʱ˼ˣǽӵİŻˣǼ̬Ⱥܺãһﻹ̫̫ǧǮ˵⣬ԭһ硱ϺˣһֱǺǸʹӺ֣̫̫æӦԺһԺãһТ˳̫̫
̫žͷ˺ͿΪŮиĹҲɵȥ˵ʺأһ˯ߵҩ극ʱ͵͵Ž˲Ȼ
̫ŷ¥µĴš
̫ΪѳɴŮܸԼ˰ɣĶ֪ڶϽӵ绰ԼŮɱˡ
Ǹ˼Ǯ̫ű˵̫żҲûİ취ˣհˡ
̫˵ʱһֺ޲ð¥һȥĳ嶯ϸһ룬̫ҲǻɵûԼŮճɼҵҲΪŮãɱϾͬˣʲôȨһֱ֧űˡԼأ
̫˵ҲѾˣԱ߿޺ţûһ˹ȥοһֽ̫֮ŸǣǮǼ컹ʲô¶ûУһֱŮͷҹҹԼڷ˯ʱ⺰̡̣
̫Ժ̧ͷſڿſһ죬̽һںͷ˵̫ŻˣϽëﷴ߶ӷ𡱣ſڵӰûˡ
̫ΪΣںµڶ˯ʱǰˣһ˺ҹӣʹšȻ˽̡
Ȼˣ²ÿ춼УǸһΣ̫̫˲ֽǮգϽߡ
˵̫źȻܵСǰȹ޺˵֪Ķˣ֪ǸˣǾȾӰɡ
ǵþȣɻֲء
С˵תߣͷҲص˵߰ɣ׼׼Һȥ


011 ص
С첽ţҸϽ˳ȥʣţۻû˭˺أ
Ҫʣ˱
С˵Żͷɨһ۸ŵ磬ֶ˵УţСӶȶ˵ܿ𣿡
Ʋ죬ٺЦҾ㿴ϣүˡ
С㷭°ûңת¥
ûڹǸӵ̫ţ¥ֻصϣ˵
һ·ϴҶû˵̫ŵĻ֮󣬶һпɡ
ɵ˵ſʱҸҪ³СȻһ߬ס죬ʣȱżأһ㡣
ʦ֪ʲô
̾˿ͷû֮ǰҵְҿƯҶеˣû뵽϶Ǹˡ
˵סϽ϶˼ǣ̣˺϶
϶
ҡҡͷ˵̣˺Ǻ磬϶һѣ¶֪ʱ϶ȿģҲڣ϶Ҹøɺɱ治֪ҾͼǵһμʱҺ϶ǴȥˣʣµҾͲ֪ˡ
˭Сʡ
ûش˵֪СӴ麣ڸͦģ˵ֵаʮֵܣû˸
˵С˵ǽô죿ȻѾ֪Ǻ约˺ֱȥҺ磿
С˵֮£ôԼҶֻ˵ҴȥȰ°˵ɡ
С˵˳Ҳ³˵ѾˣȥŪһþƺòдλʦøл˵ľ֮
ϴҶԳԺȺȣ粻ӹȾƣҾôˣ˵Ҳ֪͸ойɧζǲù
˵СĴָﾾһëڶĺͷҲ˵
극Сȥ׼ãһ㡢һ¯ƿ׾ƺһֽǮ⻹ֽһͯŮ
ۿ͵ԪˣЩŪΨǶֽС˵һҪֺԲ򣬶ֽõֽëմɰд˼ķġ
ֽǸһͯŮѾϾŵˣȥ˵㷹һֱ쵽˰ҹʮ㣬ȥ˺ѧѧУ
ǰסĸ¥ĸᣬѾǶˣҲкϪǽȥˡ
ûѧ˶ѧУںһ˶ûУҵǰ¥ҪȥСֽסǡ
ǰֽǮÿһѣ縺ǶֽͯŮ棬صظǣʲô춯һֱǰߣǧҪͷֱ˺Ϊֹ
Һ粻ҺϽͷӦСĻ¥
¥ʱǾҷһɿϵ¥ʱмĺȻһԣ¥ȵơžһ¾ˣһ
Ͻ˵ѧУż¥صƶûϵ硣
һ⻰۶ˣȻһüëʣһֱиʣ֪ܸܲҽһ£
Ͻͷ˵Ӵʦ˵ģʣ֪һ
ԴС֮һֱ˹мӣ˵Ҵ
˵˵صƣҲҲƨܸ

һЦҡҡͷ˵ʦһ治֪ûԹ
УԼԣǶ
绰˵꣬šüۿʼȵƸһ𣬾ءһ죬¥һصصˢˢ
һԱֱĴ磺ʦ˰
ǣʲôȥȥ˲
˰֣˵Ⱦ壬Сһʣӣɶȥ
ʹˣϴϴӡ
СһƨʺԳˡ
ЦЦֻӲţʱԱ˵ʲôʦҲȥһˣҪǰߣ
ôˣСе㲻ͷˡ
ʦûڿ㣬һƨѿԿˣüһɢǹƵһȡ
˵ǶͯŮſһȳһվͳ׷˹ȥ
˰Сֱҧ˿ת˵ãȱˣҺᡣ
˵ּǰߣÿһֽǮţһʱɨϵĴ¶һҿҶʱŵõһ
СһϽԱץסҵ֣С˵ͷǰߣǰǺˡ
ǿѹſ־岻ҳǰʮͷһ316Ǻš
ģСó˿ӾͰˣһƿţں͸һ͸ͻȻ򿪵ıƵġ
СԱС˵ߣȥ𿪵ơΧתһȦһһǮм¡
΢΢ͷᡣ
ȻģҵĺӻһһŴͷ»СĻ֮мһСſ˵ȶ̵ģ׼¯óȵ㡢ٵ򣬼סһſʲô£ܲӹһٿɾͿԼˡ
С˵ûȻŸˡ
һϣںһƬˣĻΡΡ¯˳


012 麣
ȰСĻ¯ֵ
յȼʱһֱҲ˸Ͻһ£󣬻罥ΧҲˣҽȼǰһ˲һ
Ѿ˵Ĵ̣̺ʹнǵĺڰУԼԼ¶һڵ϶ҿںġ
һ˲˲ˣŵûʼ飬ҴˣΨһСŽûС
ҲӰҲһֱǱںӰﶢҡ
ôһңҵĻƽҾģһ¸ʲô
뵽Щҵת࣬׳ŵӳƬӰ°ͣ򶨵ʣǺ
Ӱûش𣬵ȴ΢΢˵ͷںڰƺһֱڷǿ־һʲôÿ־ģ
ʣ֪ԩԩ޳ģΪʲôҪǣԩͷծ˭㵽˭ȥѽ
һ˵Ȼںڰпǰһ㣬ʼſڵϴӺӰ¶£ԺжʱˡһһΣ˶ˡ
ûǺϺ˿ʮѪܵĵڣѪ˳ŵǡ
ڿޣѪܵԵøˡ
㣬Ƕۺúġ
ҾŵɺڽƽʱſںȻءһһͷһСѾһ߿ţǶͯŮ
ȶ̵ģƿͳ
С㺰ҸϽ֮ǰ׼õƿ׾˳С㳯Ů˵񣬼Ѳ˺α䣿¿ҪⱨӦģˣ·ߣҪôǮ˾ƣӴ˻ɸΪ񲯣Ҫôֵܸɫó
С˵껰һֽ̧֣˵ĺϸһһȥ̸ֽһʼڵұﻹƵƵЦ
ŮһֳҲһ£ûǰʼӰˡ
ҳûվС㣺ţզ죿
ռұŤͷߣ
Сһۣ˵úûȥţ¯㣬㶼ú׮ԩˣһճ̡
С˵ȻסҸϽճ̻ô
Ǿ˵ûԭ㣬̣Ҳˡ
С˵ҸϽͷ¯һ˲ˣѾõˣѸٵȼգۿžҪչˣö˶˵ȼš
ȶ̵ģܣñץȥ
С˵ʱִӶһŻֽסںڰеӰ˵
Ƭ̼䣬ںڰŮʼޣ޵˷}ʼԼޣ˷ĺڰжһһ²ֻˣСɫҲѿ
ãŮôôصԹȻôණ
С˵ʱͼΧĺڰлγһںӰ𽥵ذСΧм䣬ʱһԼıСֽˡ
զ죿
ŵ߬С첲ֱСüͷ˼˵ԣ¶ԣٲҲӦֵԹܣȥѺ
˵ʱСһ˦ְķϣûҷӦأͰƳſڣҸһƳȥءһžȻԼϡ
С㣡С㣡
˳ϴһǸŮѾС˹ȥСҪ㣬ӱĺڰȻ˸Ӱ·һһĶûһ˲ͱĵС㱳һסĲӡ
ʱҡҷĻ򡰺һˣһƬڣʲôҲˣҲûһ
СС㣡С㣡
Һ˼ûӦʹҲƲĻתͳŲķ˹ȥ
磡Сˣ
ҵǵǵһͨ񱼳ȥһվˮˮǰ棬һԵͷϴء
ʲôʱĥĥģȥȡ
˵Ż˺һ£绺תͷһ
ϴһֽӲعЦɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫֱɵЦģ͸ɵһ
һ磬Ҳиͬ㣬üĴһ㡣
磬磬˵ѽ
ôˣ˾ֻɵЦŲһ˸ͶѲɶаˣ
һ޶ԣҲ֪ôźˣӲͷƤܻ˺ǰϵĻֽһժϾš
ʲôϱ
һ䣬ͼڶŲ¶һŲ˺ѪǺ
͸ϵĲֱңҲһ˲Ķɤˣ׳ŵ˵ԩгծҲ֪ҵĶˣɺıϾҡ
˵껰Ůû˿ӦĬ˼ӣͷϵصƺȻžһ¶ˣŵһ£Ͻһصƽ
̧ͷһϵѾʧˣһͷǸѪģŮ̽ͷҵԣҵм׵ľ롭
û㣬£ʱҲûá
תͷֱ߬Ļֽ޲öĵ亹ʪ͸ˡ
麣
ȻŮȿ˿ڣ麣
㣬ţȥ麣ҪǸһëǹҲһΡ
ǿװ˵ⷬ󣬸Ͻѻֽ˶ͷϣת¥
һѧУǳһһ룬ȥĶ麣
֮ǰȷʵǵ棬ϸһ룬ںǶʱ֮Ҳûˡ
һһǵԱС¡
СȻʵһֱνĽˣһúõ׵Ƶģ޲ø˼ҹ¿ĸͷ罻ȽϹ㷺ʲô˶ܽѣ
뵽ҸϽͳ绰С´˹ȥ賿һ㣬ҹϰľǷż٣ʱҲ˯ء
ȻС¾ͽˣûѽ¸˵ֻԼѧУſڽңСҲʱӦˣʮӣͼŸƵƿƴ˹
ûͣҾʹȥ˵ֵܣ̯ϴˣҸæ
С׷лֱ˵ϻؼǮ¶ңܰҿ϶
˼С£֪Ķ𣿡
磿麣
Сһ㶣ҡҡͷ˵֪һ˵Ҳ֣ʱ亣ӵƵģǰ죬ڲҲš
а취ҵûд£
û취С
С˵ǰһָУſڲ̫Զ·ϣһŮŮĴͦ٣еǸֵİӣ˺ء


013 ܺ
ǸֻһֱŶӣƺͦżֱš
ǸŮһĮü۶СϸһǸŮ˵磬һٶ治󣬸Ѿˣ㵽ва
СŶֱתȦؾ߶һ仰ұûţұûš
Ҿһ仰˵ҿ˳Ǹɵӡ
ʱСµ˸̣ԱˣûСǺ׸磬û뵽ɣ
麣ĸ磿ô֪ʡ
С˵СӽɽסһСǸɵӣƽʱסŽ϶̫̫˯ˣɵԼܳҲżˡ
С˵ʣ˼֪麣Ķأ
ٺ٣Ҷأ˵ɵĶ֪
СһЦָŮ˵椶ôҲǵùˣϲ˵ǰڼﶼĶĶΪ¶̫̫˺ü٣ųˣɼûʱǲ֪ҲʱＱ˾ԼܳС˶֪㿴ֱﻵ˾Լܳˡ
ԭ
С˵ҶЩģò˹麣ֶˡ
ʱһ룬Ҳ磬ܲҲҲɣ뵽ͳǶŮ˹ȥ
СҲŵƿ׷ңС׷ɶ
ͱˣҿϷɡ
˵ߵǶŮǰЦŮ˵ӣզǣ
񾭲ˡ
Ůİһɵӣ˵ģСӻ´ĶƣΪǮˣһɵӣҸˣ׷߶ԼûţûŵǸǮôţ׳Զﶼݶ˻ƣ
Цˡ
£û£ˡ
һظֳɵ˵ǶҪæ𣿡
ұûţɵ˵
ûţֱûţǰܻǺܣʡ
棬
һˣС˵ˣСʺġ
ʱɵ˵˵ˣĶĶߵãҹʲô
ʲô⻰ҸСҲˡ
һС»Ȼ򣬸Ҫ˵ͱסˣŶɵ˵֪ˣҪҹǲǣ
ɵӱͲǲ𹫹ʲôһѵʱһͷԣǹ
żʹȥ
˵ɵӾǰߣСȦˣ˰׹׷ʣС׷ɶѽǺ׸硭
ʣ㿴Ϸ
С¸ҡɵǰߣһ·ھͿǰиӰԺأȥһҹֲƬأҾͰɵ쵽Ʊͷɵ˵ǶƱǮû
УǮ
ɵӵûӶͳüŴŵĺƱҸȥĶƱƨɾ˹ȥ
˵ɵɣɵɵģ˹̨ǰ͵͵һ֮ɵӾȻ͵͵ǸƱŮԱ㣬ǹ
ںһˣǣСӻƭ˸ۡ
⻰ŮԱɵˣһµͷ˵ԣ
ӰԺɲǹ
ɵŷģֱӸǮҪƱСһһţҪǡ
СȻҲû͸ȥˣӳʱɵӶĵӰƱһһզСأ͸ôֽ©զ죿
ûĲקͽ˷ӳ
ҹӰ»治٣ӳﶼˣƶŰŮŵòһؼҺȥء
òҵԼλɵӾ͸п󣬻дӿ
һɵЦһΧͻȻѹңֵܣΪɶԱôŮѽ˵ܵŮ㣬á
СԱ߶ֿˣһС¾Ͳ廰˵Ƕ£ǵģô˭Ҳ˭ˣ͵˼ҾС
ɵһȻˣѿӶȥΧ˶濴ӰȻҲûע⵽СϽ㵽Զ͵Ŷ
ûһĹ򣬾һžડƨʺˣѵӰ̨ʸǹȥˣͶӰĹǱһüһֱƮ̣С¼˵п˵ҲǰٷԵڰɣ
ɵǶȡأžͼԱͰ׻ԺŮҲһʹλϱ۶ɵӣ˶ɵˡ
ӴȥǶ輸˼Ӱÿ𿴰ʺ飿ͦǰ
Ůһ֣ӳף˵Ŀⶼɵӿ˹ɵҲȦˣ˵ǿɶأԼԼвԼԼģ
ӳԽԽңھ˵ӰԺıһɵĿһеļأˣóͰɵӰһᣬСͶȺ￴֡
׻˵ûв͸ǽôӰĶ붼סŵģаɵϳģټϺһͷͦ죬ûһ˴绰š
ǰɵӴ˰ͷ麣ڴһȺˣһӳû˵ǰﱣʹһߴ麣һĸ˵ҸƭϲˣӽƤ
ϴŸơշ𡢱ϱŹعﻹŰѿһͲƲһ˶֨ˣûļȺﵽı
麣ûע⣬һѾͶĵĲϣ麣ʱˣһ£ΡΡֵܱ嶯л˵
ȺһϴЮˣҲΧ
û̫⣬Ҷ˻å
磬Ҫ㻹治ף죬ЩֵܰѿӶˣҪȻ㣡
ѣѣöʣ
һᣬ麣Ѿ̱ˣϽҵĻѿӣЩ²ҲӣֻܰҵĻȶ֮С¶˳ȥЮ麣˵ӰԺ麣ȺСܶûӣ׷ſھͲҳˡ
ְС½й˵ֵܣҸٸͣ˰ﵽףƿԿ׸ʹʹ
УֵҾ͵ˣ
СһҧѳԿӸ֮ſӵͷܣһһߺ׷ѽҪӾ׷ѽ
ҲûЮ麣˵ƿںõЮĶҲ
һҰѡ硱ЮˣȺƨСҲˣ߶ʮһƨɾ׷˳׷ҵ׷Сµģɸںܣ֪ĻΪӦҵء
ǶܵģĶ׷ϵƿҹ麣ŵƿҹգһͰȺС˦ûӰˣʱ麣ͻȻңֵϵ㣬СǰɣҸ硢϶ǸǶԩ޳ɲôˣҡ
һ˵磬ȷʵԩ޳𣬵иƺżء
ʣ˭ֱҺи׼
磬һİк񣡡
һ䣬ƿ֨һ¾ɲסբ
ֵܣ㷢ȱھҰɡ


014 
һɲբҲһĨĲӣһ仰ˡ
麣ʲô˼ѵ˵֮ҹ
ûأ麣˵ֵܣȻΪǸŮ˵¶ģҲͲˣ¶ȷʵˣһ쵰ҲѾˣ治֪ôˣ
ǲǼˣʡ
麣ͷѾỨˡ
ֵܣ֪ΪʲôʱһֱŲ¶ˣȷʵҹңҶ﷢Һ£ҰһҶˣ֮իҾŹҡҪǺǣ˵ȥֵܣʹİɣ̹
Ҳʹģ¶˵˲㣬ڶأǾ͵㳥
麣һ£ü̾˿˵϶˳ӳ֪Ҳˣ
˳ӣ˭˳ӣ
һֵܣ֮ǰǵſûСӡ
麣˵һȻŶǸ˧磬ԭҲйϵ
Ĭһ£磬¶չøҸüں߬أôˣ˵𣿡
˵ĵˣֶ˵磬˵ǻϵظ֣ȻǸǶܼˣ㽻ʵף㲻ȥҲ㣬ûУùܶһңﵱһͷڹ꣬ʹģҪ˵öԣ͸һˣֻҪܱһΪҪǾ˵òԣߣס㡭
һ˵麣ҲĬˣ˸̣̾˵ⶼһֱﲻҳҪҸҲҲҡ˵Ķԣã¶ģΪˡ
̰ͷһӣõƿͷЦЦ˵˵ɣǶĶأҾ͸ú˶ϡ
磬лˣ
Ҹ麣࣬ƽʱҲ˵ϼ仰쿴ôʹ죬е㼤
ƽһ飬ҸϽָ·ܿ͸һѧУ
ƬҲһԣŵƿѧУɰֻ˺¥¥ſڣеˡ
˳ſֱðſڶһۣ˭û˵ȶһ֮󣬼ͬʱ˽ȥ
Ǹһ̤ءһȻرգǸ档
һ죬صƽǻĵƹȴİȺԿնӳøɭֲˡ
ʱһ޵ؿȻ¥ݿڴ˹ԽԽƮݣԽԽ󣬿޵Ķɤˡ
һͷһ磬Ҳųһͷ亹ֲΡΡ˸̣Ȼ۳¥Ƭ˰ɣ麣ˣŻңңҺ£Żҿ˰
˵ĻװƣǰҲţˣ˼ҺĶôơ
ϧ껰ûͣﶼ֪϶ǳȥˣҲֻӲͷƤˡ
¥ߵſڣŻǹŵġ
̣˿ĭ˵ֵܣһȥܲܳһɾͿˣһѣǧ𲻹ҡ
ҵͷһƣ̡֨һˣܺڣһ㶫ſڶˡ
ԥʱȻۡһޣһӰһ¾ʹڵĺڰ˳ûȺ練ӦͰ˵ڵأ־ץ
ΪŮȻС㣬ɫҰףȻŮˡ
Сһʹغһָץ˺ŵһڣʱѹϵСȻһҽУһӰڵĺڰУСһֱ㶵˵ϣһ
С㣡
Ҹæӵϱһ̽Ϣȷϻţŷģʱ򣬺Ŀִﴫ˳ΡΡ˵ժժ
麣ĨһϵѪסˣҲˣŵʣժʲô
ʱһСȻ˿ڣơ
ƣ粱ϵƣ
˵С΢΢ףӦǸ˿ģȻܰŮϱƳֻҪϣͽ
⻰Ȼ򣬾̾˵ֲҺüײԶңûҡ
ʱмֻȻһԼˣڵһ˲䣬ͼͷϵźĺ粢ֱͦͦڴǰ̧һֻ֡
ĿٶȴﴫǶժԼҪȻҪ
ʱ˱Ӱл˫ѩ׵ס˺Ĳӣϵıʹ
ǣĳԼ㣬ӽȻ˾ûȥ
һΣգקؿһˤŴ󲽾ߡ
С̱һϽ˵죬һȥ
ҵͷϽһţٶԼպϣһǺȻܵĺڰдѭһɨӰأֱǵ˵һ
ЩӰֻΧԻȴûбƽ˼ȻźĿȴû
׻˵־嵽˾ͷǷŭֻ֮ȻѾеˣȻۺѾˣǵߵͣ
ϵķ𡭡
һδٶסˡ
ʱС˵麣Сû뵽ôϵշͱϵĹعųۿħа
˵ҵ
һ㶣̾ѽѲǰʱˣ
ˣʲô˼С꾪ʡ
ǻǺճʱ£ˣ˵ϱծǿƣ˵뿴ҵȻ˼¾ˡʼʱҵвɵϾײ˺Ĺ꣬ﺦ£ͰƴڲҲûժ
˭ʲô˵꣬Сƺ˲١
ҲʶǸʮСӡ
˵ʱĿ޽һֱΧԴԴϵشһѰѱһֱ˹ͷꡭ
Ǻģ뱨УӶ㣡
Ͼǿ۶Բˣһִӿ㶵ͳ˰ѵɵжԼĴӾͺĨһϴ麬Цշ˲һΪѪһ¾
һ˶ϵշ𣬺һ֣ʼõȥϵĹعҧһʮú϶ƤˣԶûһֱǷˡ
ѽƣˤɱһֻ̤ײˣ


015 
ѪܵĵʱѪ߰ѾĿȫˡ
ڹǵۿɲһܵ˵ģ麣ȻҲ⣬Ȼһֱҧţջھʹ¡ۡһҽУһ̱˵ϡ
ңҴˣ㣬ŹҰɡ
֮ǰŰ赴Ȼ޴棬ڵֳֻŵأ۵ˡ
ҴˣҶԲ㣬Ҵˡ
ޣ
ٶȳʱһѪܵӺ֮ĺڰн¶˳ȻѾѪģˣǿԿѪһƤй
麣㿴ҵⶼǰͣҪҷŹ㣬ôǷҵģ˭㳥
ԼԼ
һסǰѵѪĵɵһΣŽԼ
ҴˣԲ㣡޺ţϻһ
ңҴˣ費ˣһ
ϴĵҲûͣ£һĹҲѾһܲˡ
û
µֶź˼ͷÿһ£ϵ˿ھһΣѪ˳˿硣
ʲôӦ㣬ֻҪң֪ˡ
Ź㣿ʱҲôģأŹû
ƿԣһ˹ֵܣֵɣˣ
е㱻ǰѪܵĻŵˣûȿڣСһ˵麣㲻ֵԭ£գӯûܾȵ㡭ԵĿܵ㶼ĺأ
С˵껰ӰŮԿʼҲŭ·ۿɼ
αظ˵ôϻ㣬һҾôôƵϾ·ģ͸һͬʹ࣡ͬľ
ѾͷƬӣӸԩ޳Ҫң
СĻҧгݣǿҪվץС㣬ǵ˵Ѿվվˡ
ҲСеˣ˵һʤ߼λɽ˵ģô˵
ҲԹС㣬ǲеˣôܡ
ȶ̵ģұ죡
ûҰѻ˵꣬Сȴڻ͵͵һۣú΢Ｗһ仰Թ̫Źǻ쵰Ҫʲô˵һ˵
Ȼ֪СѾͷ״ʲô⣬ҲֻܵͷϽ졣
麣˵ûںʹǲǣ㻹ûζôһڰնķ׶ڰ粻κϣȻõԼĺŻףʹʲôζġ
һκûٿޣЦӺڰӵվֻýżڵϻţƮ˺ͬʱҲѾܿƵƮֻʣ½żǿ档
޺šţѾȫƲԼ֫ˣŮƮ󣬿ʼģźѪܵĺ󱳡
ȶ̵ģҪ麣
СȻü˵֮ϲ²ӵأҪ㣬˽ž
һС˵ĻûƮĺԷ֮Ѿʼýȥ溣Ľŵˡ
СȻƴȫһ˳ȥһŭ𣺡ȥ˽˵¾
³ͻȻҶû׹С㻰һڣһ붼ûͳҪĺ˹ȥûע⣬˫ֱĽŸһһ˲䣬һɴδܹĴ̹Ǳȫ£ԺһƬհףΨһֻʣº񲻾ڶزҽ
СװʲôװŲţ
ԺеĿհȴʱһѵһͣҿһڵСӣ˺һŮˣץŮ˵ĸ첲һŹعĳಲһѵɵֻЦźݺݳŮ˼ͣŮ˵նˡ
ҪǸĸҪǲǣұ𣿺ǺǣøСƬͱӣ
Źع˵곯һʹɫЦ˵˳ӡ϶֪Ҳ椶ˣǸҪУ۸ˬģȥȥ
ϣ
𻰵϶˵ܳͬ·ֺСãȥǳȥ
ôţû°ȥľȻҵ
ϻϽģ
֪ˣȥ
ʱҿ˳ЮںͬŮУŹعһָϽס죬в˵ٽ߭Ѿģ
ҲΪŻ˵ŻŮϺݺݸһѪŮ˾Ҳ
֮϶֧ңû˰Ůק˳ǰ϶ʣ磬ҪҪһ飿ҿҲͦϲ椶ģиͬ
˰ɣĶпճȥͷһõġ
ˣʧںڰУԺеĻٶһΣŹعѾŮ˴ӳһȥְ·һѴʵˮһ˦Ц˵СѾͷ»ؼסˣˮƻõģɱˣҿⱲǱ˳ˡ
һأһЦﳤȥ
Ů˵ϵĵڻѪ˼µĵۣûȥܣľڻ·´·̧ԶԼѧУˣץˮŸ裬ҡҡλԼѧУ
˵ĶԣⱲұ˳ˣҲŹǣŹÿһˡ
󿴵ǣһѪŮڷĽһţûһ㰲ȫУͷڿޣ޵úĺܾգץ˰Աߵǰˮ
麣麣㣡
ҴʹͿ޺͵峿ĵһЩۣʵģͼһŮڴߣһ˫۶ҡ
ȶ̵ģˣ˯ˬٲҾͰٿˡ
أ
ץסСĸ첲ʡ
Ѿˣæ
СƲ˵ܽӵŵȥͰѵͨˣܶܲˣЩСǲ˻һ군Ҳɢˡ˹ͨΥ£һڽſ¼٣Ҳν͵Ұֱˣ˭ְҰʺˡ
һ߶ðôҲе飬أ
С̾˿˵е㸴ӣ֮ԱǺŪģʲôڹ
˵Լɨһۣŵ賿麣ˤǿơ
˼أСȻֳüë˵ȶ̵ģû
ǣ˭ץǰв
Уûоû£㼱ʲô
С˵ǵģÿΰ¶Եġ
ģ
ġ
ûУв
ͷûע⣬һףֱӰ˹ȥ
С۶ֱˡ


016 г𱨳
˵Сճ˿ɰǰҲôģֱСԲһͰҳˣֱһˤӵϣҲŸı⡣
̧ͷһСȦƴֱأһ߲һСˣ죬ˣͰҲʺҰֱ𣡡
˵ߣ첲ӣҲŻˣϽ˵СѽңڶʾлûӰ˱ʾлһһڵ𣿡
ޣõл
Сһۣ˵ҸɣҪҶǵҾ㣬Ҳùأ֪Ϊʲôǵȥ֪ΪʲôһǶҶİţΪ˾㣡
һӴǣǸɽǸδ֪ɰ
СԽ˵ԽݺҶһţ˵åʲôҲˣҶҲãһ򣡡
ǺǣҸͰѽ
ûٶ֣ɷǵɽϵѾſЦ˽Сһ¾ˣϽ֣ͷ˵壬ҿЦġ
˶ˣҪ
ϵקֶСЦ˵С㣬żҽйʲô£
壬㿴
С˵ŰǿˤƵ˹ȥϵӹһɫı̽ס
С㣬׹̵ĶΪʲôϣ
壬麣µġ
С˵ջΪʱһˣǸ˲ƣʩ˷ºǲһЩ״ɱ䣬Ǹ˭麣Ҳֻ֪ǵǸʮˣҿķҲûõĵطˣϽȥˡ
С˵ʣ壬׹ʲôΪʲôҴû˵
û˵Ǻʱڵһڣഫ̾һΪʦЯƵ۾ŶǧӶϾӡƹ׹̣֮׹ʧˡ
ϵѱˤƴãָŵĸ˵˵׹ʹƾ֮һϿ̡Ϳ֣Ϊ׹аһǵһμ
˵ϵȻüͷС˵С㣬أ
ӺͿҹڸˣ˲֪ôˣ͸մһͻɵЦߡ
ȥ
ϵһϽߣСҲȥСǴ˸ſڣһ˵һͼٺɵЦϹ߽ȥһۡ
ϵǰקס磬ȿ˿ɫüĵǸ㣬ʼ·
ǵһıϻһ˵ĺɫַϵɫѿˡ
壬ӵôˣСչȥʡ
Ļˣ㶼㲻
ϵ̾˿ͷֳ˵Сӣ㻹ͯ𣿡
ʦʮ꣬һ︴յĴ졭
ͣˡ
ϵҵĻ̾˵˵䣬ʧϽͯƳŲûˡ
һôأС
ɾʱ¥дһǵǵǵܶǻͷһſֵѾ˽ŵ˵λ㣬ˣУſ˸ˣ
ˣô£ҸϽʡ
үһָң˵ֵܣǺ˹ģ˵ҪŪ㡭
麣賿ӲžһСҪʲô
Դ֪˺֮СҾһˣҶû˵תͳ˳ţСҲ˳
һǰһߵУſһǣſڲʮˣ麣ɴмϣŰѿ
һҳˣ麣̧𿳵һָңСˣ
磬賿ӹһ٣ôţ𱨣
麣һЦ˵ֵˣڵϻǶԹ賿ңҸмһӣҪĿ֮°ҴӵӰԺٳҲʰ㣬úԺô㣿
һ˵Цˡ
ǺǣԭΪ¶УҪʰû⣬磬ʱʰ֮ǰ㻹ðһæ
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Ҵ賿ʱʲôҲˣʧ˸˵ϽͯŲ͵Ҿһ仰ֵܲǣֵͯӵĸϽȥˡ
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ľǲһֵȣһȺʮ˾֣ʾԼܴࡣ
һϽ׷˵үѧУˮĶǹȥȣϽ򡭡
үӦһϽʮ˴˽ȥתֳ˵˺磬˵ˣ̫ͯҲãòͯӵ򹴶ŲܴﵽЧ鷳㡭
ֵܣû⣡
˵ֳʮһ֣ĥˣ죡ȥˮȥ죡
綯ԱʱСһãضʣȶ̵ģִʲôأ
ܣϿţһôô
ģ賿ָҵĿ˵
ܿ죬ֵʮ˶ŽѧУȺСֵҲɵˣ˵˵ģôĺˮˣ
ǽȥʱں滹أֵǣֶ밡ʹѽˣһʱ𵢸飬Ȱѿˣôٷ£
ʮ˿ɫǶְͦ˽žͰѿӶˣСŵøϽ۾֡񳯷ĳǵһμ
ʮ˶үȥˮ֮ҵ˸̣ŰߵԱߣ̧־һ¡
ҪǲǣҪǲǣ
ĵе£Ͻͣ˵ֵ⼸˼۲˵˾𣿡
԰ֵµ˲ȥ𣿡
һЦ˵ˣǶԹֵһȺֵܰҵæҸмһӣѺ񺦵ôңʰ㣬Ժô㰡
Сӣңҿ㣡
۶ˣ־͹ղαϵĿɻɴأһۣš
ǲǣֵҰһѣ
һžͰ߷ˣСһ֣С㣬
Ϊ£СҲͶСӱźأһ£ߣҲߣžɴߵöǴӡӡ
ߵùأ·˺ңС׷ҿˣ
һͷһͷ󺹵С±һſ˹
ģȺСģƨ׷һޣҸհ˦


017 ؼ
һСá
ܵԱҾУſһָһ˵С£㿴ӵЩûܡ
С׷ҪǺңֱҲǸãС·Ű˵
ī͸һУΪ硣
ãҾһء
С˵سѧУ￪ʼӣʱСߺ磬С㲻ޣЬģһòˣҲˣְΣʱĺѾĵľʹˡ
ѧУſڹҴ˸ӣһͷ˩ϣһͷ˾͵͵һ˩̱Ͼ͸Ż˾ˡ
磬һ·˳簡ǵдţ
͡˺磬СҲʮӼɾˣڻһţܹңС׷ˣզ죿
ϻһ˳·ܣʲôʱû׷ˣͰѿӶؼȥ͵ͣҵˡ
׷ң˭׷ңСһãȻʡ
żһ
˵̽ѧУУſڳˮһŭ𣺡һСӰǿӶ͵
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ſһܣʮ˾Ϳʼ׷Сŵһһ߿ޣԶһƵġ
㶨ǣҽȥү˵үͯռʲô̶ˣ
űָָˮſˮͰ˵ˣͰװͯұͰװǷͯ򡣡
Уллˡ
ߵˮͰ¥ߣָұߵˮͰ˵үһ룬Ͱš
ҰͰȥϵ󣬾ͼϵӺ·˺һ鲼òմͰĶʼĺϲ˱ϵͼһʧָ̻֪Ȼϳˡ
ϵ˱Ϻͷϰ˼£ְüĵĺһ̽ƣһ̱ڵء
Ұ˷ʣֵܣϵô°ôȥ˲Ҿʲôǵˣ
ָʱҾͰ˵һ£˵ŻȻһҼ˵ֵѽˣҲ̫ǰɣôһðשĹأ
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һ˵һ룬Сݺһ£ҸϽ졣
˻ָĲˣϵЦŵ˵ͷ˵ڻǻˣǻأһһȥҰС
ʱСԱʵ壬ĵʲôˣ麣һΣΪ˰ɽٻ˵ùȥȻ˺Ӻ賿ҼʱϵԹԱһҪǿҵö࣬ҲǸֽţΪʲôô
СĬһ£˵ңӺе䣬ƺӦǵŵķ˾Ȼʧ׹̷Ϊʲôأ
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һ룿ǻаأСʡ
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ϵ˵ЦŶ˵Сӣʱˣʱ˼ˡ
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ʱԱȰ˵Сʦ˵ûȷʵûؼҶһӲУѺˣ˵ܷŹûŪˣǻʱ㱨𣬹Ҷס
һҲǣϵ˵ʦѲҲĽ٣
Ǻǣȱʡ
ϵЦ˵һ£һ׮ڶԷѾˡ
ꡭ
˵һ£˵ͷ˵Ҿͼǵժʱ峤éӽּ֣˳é˿ʯͷ˴峤һ룬üһҸѽ
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ϵ˵ֳСһָ˵С㣬Ҳøȥû첻ɡ
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Сһ̧ۣ־Ҫʱϵ˵ˣ׼׼ͳɣСӣмüţ˻ȥ㣬˵ʲô˵һ仰С
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¥ϵͺ硢ûСȥֻ˵һסĵطúʰʰ֮ǰ뵽ҡ
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ȻˣСһ·϶첻鲻ԸģưñѹúܵͣͷҲҡ
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˵ͼСֺˣͷ˻ָ˵ǣҲֻô˵ˣǣûһһδϱһμҳѽ
С⻰סˣΪҲǴϽͷһ⡣
һһ˵֪ˣȻᣬҸд
˵ñֽϸдʫСӹȥһˣдǣ
ڵϹߴЦѵƴһҸü
ΪͶΪһЦְһٴ򣬲һεǽˡ
һҹû˯ˣʰĹҴͷָС㾹Ȼƾ˯ˣϸ۲һ£˵СѾͷŵͦڵģ˯һɰ͸ԹɵƵġ
ûռҵȻҲûͼʰʰ֮ȥ˵Եĵѡ
ӣСӴһ׼һӳԵĺһѰЦеأСٺЦ
궫Ѿˣúȥ˹վ
ҼҾǱеģλñȽƫƧ˴ͺֵ⣬ڵʱ춼ˡ
ǰҸ绰Ұ֪ҪŮѡȥſڽˣڽֿһɨӰӣϽӭСЦ춼ϲˡ
裬һˡ
Цų˵ͷСƽţһ˵ϽҲһЦ裬Ҳˡ


018 ණ
С㻰˵۶ֱˣҲȦˣ˵չҲ̫˰ɣ
ٿС㣬һıҲӳ˹һϽͷ˵ˡ
һеΣϽתƻӽ˼
Ȼϰĵط˵̫Զҹ˯ƽʱҲ
첻ͻȻˣδϱˣ˵öֿ˻ˣͿʼ޾ϯѼүݶ֡
˵СȻƽʱŰģϯϱֵ쳣ĺã˹˹ĵģĻϲСԸҰ˵ʱеΪҰְִʺ¶ڻء
һ룬ҪԺСˣ׼ʱͷһ棬ɺˡ
ϾҰֲ֪Сݣһ˾ͷǵżǰүǺȼ˵УҾҹϰ࣬Ⱦƻû¹˭
ǺȾʱȳСԱһľĵʮ࣬Сû˯ãһԺȦأһˣûټȥϽȥʰ÷ȥ˯
Сͽ֮һͨ佱˵ôôʹôõŮ֮ģӦͣʵϵ֮ǰĽ
ꣿʲô¡ʲô𰡣ʱ̫һ벻ˡ
Ȼ벻ҲͲˣƿơƹȥԴʼȣҲʼ˻Сʶ죬ⶼһؼҼҳˣ˵ǼٵģôõĻܾܲôɣ
ϵļƻָѺ˻֮ҽϲĻСķ
ŵƣŽȥСһ£ͼһڴϣҲش˵Ѿͷۻˣô쾹Ȼ˯ˣʹյĴߡ
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ʵҲѣ˯ԽԽãҾ̽ǲ˯ˡ
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춼ҪСͷת˹ڰоͼϴһĨݵĹЦֱضҿ
СѾͷԭһֱװ˯ѽ
ҺٺһЦϴЦݻΪǴˣһɶµģһӲϹ
ɸϣڰдСĵˣҵúÿడ
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һ㶵ĹСȻһͰѹ˴ϣ˫һΡΡЦԩͷծҿǵȵˡ
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ʱһ洫ոҽУҼ˵һʱܹһͼѪС㱻ѹ棬ȫסˡ
軺һۣûҽͣһžͰҴӴȥָҾСӱ˰ɣ˼ҹﶼؼˣ㻹Ｑʲô
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ңҧ㣿
С˵Żһ촽ѪԼҲסˡ
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㱻˰ͷ֮Щݲ½뿪ҸϽԼĥϵ
СôˣѲҼʲôɾĶСණһһŶԣôոշҷʲô£˹ˡ
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һҿ̽ͷһ˵СִʲôأҸ㣡Сſڵ̤һСӣ
һϽ˷ãûϷˣƺҲϴˡ
ɻ˴ϣҰȥ˯֮ȥһֱȵҹһҿһѾ˯ˣҾС
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űߵǽ£˫ɫ廨Ь
ֻһ˫ЬҲ̫£ǣ廨Ьﻹһ˫ţƺǸźɫ廨ЬŮˣһҵ⡭
˿ĭսļ̌ͷĿɨϣŮ˵·ҲǺɫģ͸ʽױһֻб߬һѺɫɡűһ
֪ʱһЦŮ˿д
㺦úòңҪ
ҳסˣֱð亹׳ŵ̧ͷ뿴ôһ˲ŵǰһڣʲô֪ˡ
ѹʱѾˣԼڴϸëС㶼ڴߡ
һ˹輤ò޳Ͻ߬˵ˣŻˣ
裬ңôˣҳվ;ûͷеΡ
ش˵緹ʱͿſһҲвѣϽѴˣɴҲû취˵ƶѪʣǵȵȿ
һҰҲŷ֣ľС㣬ҰûڣҰȥĶˣ
Ĩ˰˵ϰȥˣ߻أˣСĻ죬ȥִ绰ƽ϶Ҳء
˵ܳ˷䣬ʣС
һߣСϽңȶ̵ģô£
С㣬һҼвɾĶ
ҳ˵㷢˷һҧһڣȻҹײſվŸŮˣ¿϶ʲô
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019 
ȶ̵ģȷۻСȻɵʡ
ۻС㣬ǲۻ
Ұ·һ㣬ϵӡˣѪء
С㣬ۻĻܲ컨ɣУǸŮ˾ҵſڣȻĻôܵſ˯һأ
˵Ұ賿ʱŮ˵龰˵һ飬һ£ԼȲɵëȻ
˵ǸŮ˵ĳʱҶסѾŵûˣСϽңŮ˳ʲô㵽׿û
ңҾ㿴˰ɡ
һסƽֽ˵ϣֻһ죬ҿʱŶЦ촽ѪѪġ
СҲҵĻŵһ£ĬһᣬȻҡͷ˵ܣôҲǸҶѧģණһ۾ܿһоûа
С˵أЦǺ˽˵ѾҰֱƽˣ緹ѾˣǳȥԷ
ȻҺС粻ʲôҲû£͸ȳȥ˸緹ԷʱΪʲôͻȻſˣ¾û˵ʵ˸ھɹȥˡ
ʱûΪ˻½ŵգҾ͸С˵û£ҴȥɽϹɡ
ûоɽ࣬ɽصʱû֮ǰҾܵɽȥˣСҲѹأҲûƴǣҳ˴ɽߡ
Ǵ滷ɽȻʲôʤأʱɽˮķ羰رãһߵɽµСӱߣǰľɫ鶼ת˲٣ЩҲʱԺ
ҳСһ֣ٺЦ˵ˮʯͷ࣬ǣȥˤˡ
Сһ죬ջǲ鲻ԸذֽңֺﶼǺһסﶼůġ
ˮǳൽϥǵλãǣҪۏȥСȻˮﲻˡ
һͷһۣЦʣС㣬ôˣ
ȴֱֻעˮ棬Ĭòҡҡͷ˵֪Ǿˮңôôȣ
ϾأǵȻģҳʱ˰ɡſ
ɻûҰɡأСȻһƿԼT
СС㣬
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ȫȻҵʼҪϵ·ﻹһɵЦֱ͸һޣǴ죬ôˣ
ۿϵT˺˾ץ£ŵøæ߬ס֣ϼͷҵķ塣
С㣬侲㣡ɱŻѽ
ҿؼҵ·СУһΧ˵ΧۣҲ˲ôˣѾֱؼңС㻹ûʣµ·˺ãϽӽ
һҲŻˣͳҳʲô£ҲͲ˰ҲûӾȰС㰴ϰˡ
أ濪ʼзҸŴһǿСʱ˵ЩѾҼſڿˡ
Сﱻ۽УһȺų÷зӶըˣʱŵ˵ӣòײ˰ɣ
ײũŻײ˹аĶ˵˾͸ࡣ
СڵҲҲ˾Ųʮˣɸô˵أ
أҾ͸оԴͻȻһѣվվסˣϽŴľǺ󱳿ʼǸëëɦƵģȻоӶƵģԽԽû󹦷סˣ޲ðѺ󱳵ƤץѪ
ɾʱոջֲͣС㰲ڴϿʼعЦ
Цʲô
ҵһۣһʹץһʣС㣬赽˭
㺦úòңҪ
仰ҳˣ⻰͸賿ײǸŮ˵һģһ
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裬û£
Ҳ˲Ϻú˵ˣ˵ֱӰ˺Ӹʹ죬ɸհ·˺ˣŵòҽһͨһ˵ϡ
ӣĺ󱳡
˵ʱſΧ۵ĴҲɵۣŵˡ
Һôˣ
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ѽˣ
Χ۵ĴǶʱҿˡ
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һϵһףһ͹ܶˡ
ϵ˵ת˵ɩȱżȰЩֵĶȥģ˾ͳʲôˡ
赱Ȼ֪ϵ˭ǿгָʶҲû˵϶ʣϽĻȰЩΧ۵Ĵ˳ȥԺżææ˽ϵ˵λʦɣӵô°ôȻͶˣ
£עĽ٣Ȼˣ͵š
ϵ˵תͷ˵Сӣ֪ΪʲôǵСؼ𣿡
Ҫ֪µģƴץأƢ˳Ķ˼úô
ϵûЦ˵٣һ٣ɵùȥˣɲȥ͵
ǣӵһСʱҲ˵ҵ͵һǻĺúõģӲͲֻҪСû£ǽ٣Ķһ
С˵û˹ž㣬ɾˡ
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˵ô죬㵹ǾȾѽ
˵꣬ϵЦҡҡͷ˵ǵþȣǾ֮ǰȻһ£Сú룬꣬ʲô


020 
ꡭꡭ
һȫͷϵ̾˿ת˵ɩӣ鷳£ȥӰ״׻С
Ȼ֪ϵҪ״׸ã軹ǲҵϽܳȥס
ϵûٹС㣬ǲҵԺ´֮ҼԺӽиˮףúæˮˮˣȥ
֮ҲӰ״׻ˣϵƿ״ͿʼҳëĺϵֳԱ߳Ҷĺ˵ӣͯá
ϵ˵統һۣӾͿʼѿӣһһֹʦʦҴС͸㣬һ㶫ûҾˣ㵱ơͨˮѽ
죡Ͻģ
ϵһۣ粻ֹˣϵĶ
ϵһָҺ˵ȵ
绹ĶĶʱʱУͯҺһܣ˵Һ󱳵߼ˣʱϵұϵ״ףӴ׶֮úȥ˼ͰˮѸˡ
ϵԼǰԴһ£֮󡰺һչ濪ʼſҳûɨһۣһŰֽʲôûС
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ǾͶˣСӣڸţԷŵ齻úãϱծˣҪòá
òôʡ
òãûˣ޺һޣһҲøȥ
ϵĻ˵꣬⡱һԱҲɵˡ
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һСҸϽʣС㣬û˰ɣ
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ϵһۣ˵˳ɣþТֵɾȫѺˡ
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СҲǸͷ࣬һͷԱߣתͷ˵ûѽʲôûС
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ʱϵԺųأһˣϽվʣôû
ˡ
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ôҶûԷأ͸ϽȥСҲܹȥæʣϵԺ
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һҰһһѪϽôˣҰû˵˵أҲ֪ĸȱµڴڵ˸ӣĿˤˣ
⻰ϵ˺һۣε˵ȷʵѽͣͲ¡
ϵ̾ҡҡͷҲûʣ˿ڲ˵ˣס˾Ǻ£Աһ㣬ʮȥһˡ
ȥˡ
ϵŲæԣȥȥˣڿӡ


021 ӵ
Ұֽϴ˰ϽϵͷҾ
һ췢趼绰ҰˣҲûٶʱģϵ¸ô
ϵЦˣָһ˵żûãȫÿԼˡ
Ͻô֮ǰҰˤһӣһĲأ¶һǧ˳
ϵЦЦ˵żȺúóԷҸղŲǸ˵𣬵ȹʮ㣬ڴźȥǵطزˣȥڿӡ
ʦڿӸǸͷҰˤˣˤ
ҲǸͷȲùˣǵڸӣԽԽԽá
ϵ˵С֮ǰǸ˹ݸ˵һɰöͭǮһһǮںúɰڿΧȦöͭǮϱĽǣװм䣬ȻͶԱֽˡ
˵ϵָԱߵ˵ҲţֽʱҪʲôӣǶӰˡ
ʦ浱ˮզţ
һԹϵ̵һۣ統ˣԱһԿʼˮϾѾһˣϽˮ
ϵ˵νй¶Щһ˵ץǾʲôˣмǼţǶȥ֮ϽϽ󣬰Ͻӿٰˡ
֮أҽŵʡ
֮ͻóԳԸúȺȣ˯һʲô¶ûˡ
ϵ˵껰ʼԷҲ˲٣ڣˡ
극ϵͽݴȥˣûٹǣ¹شһڿҲ˭֪˵ʲôˣŵһֱʮ㣬ϵȻﴫʱˣӡСǶɡ
Ӧһ±ߣϾ֮ǰǸֻŮŹһΣȥĵġ
ߵʱҲûʲô֮ǰǵطһֱҲûǸŮ˵Ӱˡ
˿ǰϵķԸֿʼԭڿӡ
𿴺һСӳüû뵽оһڣһĹڵڳ˸һɵôҲˣͱƴڣţӾڶˡ
ˣĨ˰Ѻʺ˵磬˰ɣôˡ
̧ͷϿһۣҡҡͷ˵Уоеǳʦ˵ץģһץסզ죿
һ룬˵ĻеǾ͸Ȼ
һֱѿӵڵҵʱʵ۵òˣ̧ͣͷһ˵ͷ˵ͦãȿǹˣ
˵껰£ǰɰ˳ʼΧſӵı֮ȡöͭǮֱϡĸϡ
ҲûţȡһС˿ӵм䣬ȻŻͿʼڿֽ
տʼյʱû磬ðֱͦͦؾͷɵϣһ֮ͻȻе㲻ˣ΢棬ԽԽԽԽ䣬˺꣬ðҲʼ䵽Ҵܡ
ʱԱֽĺͻȻüëúС˵Сĵ㣬ˡ
⻰ҺëˣϽ磬Ķأ
û˵ԱһŬ죬һɨͼԶĿϣµء
һʱĶᵽɤֶֽۣˣɾʱͨһһɫӰӿϵ
Ҳۿɨȥһ۾ϳѾεǸŮˡ
ſڵһ͸ˤһҲţͼͷֽûãǸŮͻȻˣְֻ࿪ʼ˹
磬զ찡
𣬱˵ұء˿ĭȻ˵ɣԼҲѾ˺ˡ
ûãǸŮѾ˺м䣬Żѻ̧ͷޱȹٶȱҿ˸ţû۾ûбӣϾһ죬ʼŻȼյǮٺɵЦ
ŵö겻ˣһ磬ǲɫֽǸЦŮ˺Ȼֹ˻ԱߵǸСףСƴضײײ·ҲѾоڱƽΣա
ڣɣ
ʱͻȻһŭһ°εضͬʱѿһǡ

ûؽˮͷɣͨ죬ɽеǼδںŮԴʱŵѩѩ׵ġ
磬֮ǰǺ˲ˮҾʵ
ǰⲻڿһйȥˡ
զ죿
ܰ
˵ſȾܣһţǸŮҲعͿʼ׷
ʱͼ˳ſһܣûȥֵˣҲ£Ҳûȥһ߱Ů׷һֱ֣ĺѽ˵ڵĲǵڣϲȥˡ
Σͷſܣ˼˵ˡ
ǸŮҲԽԽŭֽ׷׷硢׷׷ңһɲǰ취ղڰѾۻˣһĹֻܵˡ
뵽һҧֶź纰磬ƴˣûɰ󣡡
ͷܵм䳭ӾͰһͷӸңŮ׷ʱקΧһתͰָֻס
һסŮ˿ʼҧǣǰ׷ת֪ôźˡ
Ҳע⵽ŮȻͣΪû۵Ĺϵƺǣ׷ʱüײڿӱϣһ룬˵Ҳܲ˰һֱڿתȦȦǵץס
ƴ֪ôźأҺȻһ̧ͷͿϱ߻һŲԶŵûӦأڿǰ˵ϴĲ֪˭ڵм˸ӣҿۼ⣬ֱӿײȥ
һˣҵˣɤӾͿʼоս˼ͼһֵͲӿ˽żʮΧڿؿʼ¿
ϸһЩﶼŹӰӿһɷģҲ˲ôˣֳ
ѽȥѽ
ƴƴϱģȻոȼϣƬ֮ͱˡ
ǺǣС㻹治ѽ
һϤȻȺﴫ˳ҿ׳ҵַҪȻһ治֪ȥĶ㱨ء
˵Χ۵Ⱥҷֿһҡε˳ڿϡ


022 ͷ
磿
һϳҡεҵʱˣ˵СҲҲ߯˵ĵ㣬ҶˣҧҲţ
ɹڣټϿڣûŮ˵ġࡱŸָأСӣΪӵùҵָɽǺǣΪźֱǼȥû뵽Լѿںˣʡġ
ҸĶ˵ѽŮ׷ΧſһͨܣɱͲˬأڿӱһˣһԱܵĺ磬ҧ˵磬ʰ
Ӣʲôͬ
һͷ˵ŻȻŲ͵Ҽһͳſϴ˹ȥҼһߣʹϿ˺硣
û뵽ûü˦أͼһ߬סεĳ֡

һҽУ˴˿һˣһܣҲ˿ϱߣɸһأͱΧȺְ˵ϡ
ģȥǰʺɣ죡ȥ
ͷΣŹָأǸֻŮѾӺΪĹϵһͷײ˺ϡ
类קȥأֱŮһײʱͼˣͷŮһָĸҹΪŮӾ͡
û˵꣬һֵͲ׼Ů˵ϣӿ濴ںǸŮˣһ
ңҵѽ
練ӦһҽУҡξǰܣһһߺУѽȥȥ
ҪûôӦܺõ㣬һܣŮּˣʼڿ׷תȦ
˵־ͦҡһͨ񱼡Ů׷ϡ
ңѽ
һҡһ߳УʱЩҲѾŮ˵ŵһľ֪ôźˣұڵϻЦ˵磬㵹ǽѽھͰʺ˭ҡ
ֵ֣֪ˣǰһʹѽ
ΧſҡʮȦƺֶ¶Ƥˡ
һۺ˵զ죬Ȳ
ȣʰء
ֵվָڿﱻŮ׷תĺ˵麣Ǿԣûߣø㶫
˵ֻҪҪֻҪСѽѽ
˵ʱŮǰһ£һҧסͷ
˵Ⱥ£˭ͯӣ
˵ûȺ緢أһ¸Ͻ߬ԼĿ˵칦ˣġ
ϻ
ʦ˼𣿿죡ͯӣ򣡡
֮ǰǴΣѾˣϴһ죬ЩСܵĸҲҲֻܶεؿʼ˿
Ͻָ˵ҵģͯӵվһߣͯӵվһߣѿӸΧ
һ£ʮ˸ϽͰ࣬ȫ泯վñֱγһ񳯷ľ棬һ֣һ£׼׼Ůˣͯӵģ䣡
Ⱥ»绰˵꣬һɫ͸ˮſ˹ȥ˭ô׼˵붼˺Ůˣɺ绹ûѣϡﻩ͸Ƶģһɧζ˲ڿն
Ҳ˲ôˣҡܣΨһͬǱһ򣬵ϵˣҡôˡ
ٿŮͯ絽һ˲ʼҲûе£׷ҡεĺܡ
һڿӱϷֹͯ򴿶Ȳѽǲ͵͵ˣ
Ҳôˣͼһ£ĸϽˮȥͯģ䣡
һʱ䣬ǽʮˮſһͨղĴһһ±Ȫˮͷ͹һͨ
ͯӵĶԱͯӵĶ˶࣬ٿ磬͸ϴ˸Ƶģ϶ˮ飬Ҳֲ嵽ˮˡ
ˮĶһ˹ƿȪˮ֮ںıֿʼ䣬ͯӵĶ鿪ʼˮҶԱ̺߳ͣǽһ֡
ںָ֧֣޲öѪˣҲˣٿ·ϣһصĿȪˮƿӡ
Ƕʮһͨڵֱͷ첻ˡ
һǸŮˣԽԽȻһӲͨһԵ̶ûˡ
һһĨ˰ֿˣŸأ죡קȥ
ɿϱЩĶ˵ѽȶˣ̱ڵϴء
ҲǺۺãúѿͷקӾͰѺ硢ԼѾȥĺŮһק
ק֮ʺ˵磬ô죿ٰȥ񿩣
ҡҡͷɫ˵ҹưɣʦˣסѾˣֱӴȥʦһô϶ˣ
һҲԣͰѺ˹ǸŮֱӰˡ
θҪߣڵϵĺȻɶȥθѽ㲻զȥ
ԣˡ
һֳۣ˹ȥ̧žһߡ
ģң㣡㣡
ոһͨҡΣʹˣȺȻɹʵվֻܶڵˡ
˺磬Ƕʮ˿Ӷˣˣָź˵Сӣھ·ߣҪôһЪôôȥҪôǾ͹ƨҼȥҲ°Ҳ¶ۡ
˵껰˵ЦϵĺŮ˾ˡ
˼ſںһĥϵһϲûֱӰѺŮƽȥǰڸڴ峤ſڵĴˣҫؽţҰ衢ϵСԺء
һ϶Цϵ̺Цʵӣ϶Ĳɣ
ʦֹǰĲѽúѾ񿩣ץģ
ʲô
һ˵ϵӲɳ
ѽ鳣˴ˣ
ϵһ˵ҲˣͲ£ôˣ
ʱϵֽʣ˵Ķ
ϲſڴˡ
˵һָϵϽ˳ȥ
ȫҲȥһɵˣոջʱ˴ζˣôôûˣֻʣµһ̯Ӻһˡ
֪ʱһؼдھӴ峤ﴫ˳ȫˡ


023 ͯ
죡쿴ô£
ϵɫһ䣬ϽȥţһҲû˿ţֻһҽС
ϵˣϽС㺰С㣬죡ǽȥ
Сͷ̧Աߴһţ͸һֻСһʹܵ峤ǽ˽ȥȻҲʾϽǽҲ˽ȥԺһûƣһžˤŮ˵ļ
ⷿǴ峤ҵģסǴ峤ĶӺͶϱûǳȥأͼһû·ŮŴëʹ˳
һϳǴ峤ĶϱϽ˵ɩӣôǣ
ѽֹˣиŮûŵιȥˡ
һ˵⡱һʣ϶ǸŮԼײܽ˼Ҽ
ʱСѾϵҰ迪ţϵӿ첽˽仰飬̧Ⱦߡ
ǸϽȥĶ֪ߵſȴϵסȵһۣţٸң
˵껰ϵһָң˵㣬ʲô͸Һú룬굽ʲô
˵껰ϵݣ֡ءһ˷š
ǵԺﶼסҳϵﴫ˳̫ν˴ء䣬ԼµģԹ˰
ϵ˵껰һܲϵﴫ˳ϵʿ¸޹أԣ
⻰һ£תԴ峤ϱ˵ɩӣҿƨܣզﻹиͷѽòᡭ
Сʲôأ
峤ϱϽϵë˵˯أǸŮŵֱιȥˣĶбѽ
ǡ
Һһ͵͵ŴŴû£ķһںģǽ͸¹ٻܿ㶫
˹ˣĸӰڴ洲ϵĴ峤ӣ°ĭѾȥˣſڴվˣſӵһϵϵˣһǸֻĺŮˣŮ߻Ÿձͺͷͷӣղ˵ƺǸͷӡ
ʱɷǵϵЦǺ˵⻰ɴˣһĶҸԣصҿǰ·ɣαϰѳԹѹأǷծһҪڷץţɾΥˡ
ʲôԹҲָһӼ䣡Ҳ˵ʲô˵ҾҪ㺦ңҸܷŹˣҪ
ͷĻҧ˵ģһڣҶڴ涼оһɱĺ͸ʼðź
Ȼһ˲䣬ͷֻĺŮ˼ͬʱŤͷңͬ˵㺦úòңҪ
ͷתʱ¹ȥҲҿ
֮ǰڴڿʱûһǸͷͷƣһǸˣϸһǸͲ˵ͷ״ҪԲܶ࣬Ҳȫͬ
˳һ˵ŵһһ¸Ͻһ˲͸оĿһȣһսŵһͨһ¾Ե˵ϡ
ֻǵãιȥǰһ˲䣬󿴼ŭݵϵһչȡ
λԲûжãѹʱԼҿɳϣϵС㡢ԼҸĸԱߡ
һ˹ҰϽʳʶ̣ϵ治ɫʣСӣǾȲˣ㣬ֱڣ㵽ûԼʲô£
ҡһƬհףϵĻһĻ䣬ѵ˵Լˣ
һҡҡͷ˵ʦͱˣŶǲԼʲôˣǾͼǵһ£ʯͷҸڴ峤éӣ˴峤һ롭
˵ҹЦһ£ûĵǱ¶
Ҹ˵껰ԱߵҰȴҡͷ̾˵ǴˣʯͷҴ峤é겻꣬ꡭ
ꣿ
ԣ꣬Ҳ㣬ʱ̫Сûѧأ¼ǻҲȷʵһ£ļٵĲ֪Ͷһ˵
Ұֵ˸̣˼һ֮ȻңӣСʱûɶߣΨһϲһɡ㻹ǵ𣿡
ҡҡͷϸȷʵеӡСʱҼҶԣƵʲô߶УʱΨһϲľɡ챧ɡȥܡ
ҪΪСʱڵϿӰݵĻƷɺ裬;Űɡ̫˧ˣϧ˼һƷɺǰɡǺڵģǰɡǺġ
ҰһѣԼԼ˵ʲôϸ˳˼һĥǸֻŮҼΣһαֽ֮⣬ǰһֱŰѺɫɡԽԽǰѺɡ졭
뵽ʱ⡱һԾѿڶ
ǣǰɡ񡭡ҵġ
һ˵ϵЦ˵ͷϽңܺãеüĿˣٽ룬𣿡
УСס
һ˼˲䵹һǣǸ˵ͷңҼ
ܺãĶ
£±ꡭ
˼·ԽԽƺѾõͯԴԴϵӿҵԺ
ҼǵãʱҼҺ滹ûһŵ·ӣһƬӣƽʱϲܣĺɡһӵһͨʱиˮĺӹӣһͿֱȥϴ衣
ѾǲǼˣȣջɵģƲѹúܵ͡
ڼȵʵǴסˣͳûע⿸ɡȥ棬ںӹϴ졣
ҸտŸһߵɡܵӱߣϾͿʼףû̫⣬ΪϽϴͻȥˣͿʼ··ʱҸо˴Ӻ̽ͷҿһͷͿһͷӺˮ¶Դ
ͷƶûͷúܳӶˮû¶Ҳ˵͵Բ۾ֱҡ
ʱС£ΪǱϴˣһ˵㿴ӣСϴû
˵ʱϵԽԽˣҶ䷢ʱ򣬾ͼǸͷͻȻǰһ죬һʹˮ˳ŵһƨɾ˵ϣſǸͲǸˣһֻǿӾһôĴڹꡭ
ϼǱɽˮ࣬ڹҲ࣬һ㶼ǰƴСģôһûֻĿӺںģϸһˮ̦һë


024 ˾ɽ
ŵúˣֻûٿһۣ伸¾˰úܿ죬͸Ƶġ
ûҷӦͻȻһ׾͸ҶըһˡһعʱͿֻߵĵϱһð̵ĴӣΧӶŻˡ
ٿֻ꣬Ȼո÷˸ǳ·ˣʼĽųϹڣһӻǷͻȻһŤͷֳ˹˫۾͸˵һƵġ
ҵʱںӱѾɵˣһŤͷңŵùƨ۴žܣ·ɡˡ
ܳûԶұִ죬ûһͷҲ֪׿϶ֻģ֮Ͽʼ꣬ưôµúܴҶܻؼҾͿʼ۴ޡ
Ұּ˾ôˣʲô£
ҿŰһ˵Ұ־ȻЦˣûҵĻ˵ҿ϶ʲôˣҽء
ҲңСʱȷʵȽûٷѡ
һչģҾ͸Ұƴͣɽȥǲţһܳţȥүүҡ
ʱүүڣƽʱңҾ͸үүޣүүôˣҰһ˵û뵽үүɫϾͱˡ
ʱҰң㻹үү˵ˣôû
ô֪үүȷʵһ˵ˣһȥ
Ҽ½ͣʱˡ
үүһֳɡһǣң˳µĺӹԱһֻ귭ĵطѾһӣˮڿγһ๵ӡ
ϸһֻܿĽųƯˮУýڽڵģҲˣ¶ˮĲλð̡
ҲĶЩŵֿˣүүͰο˵ޣ˾ɽˣǷǧ֡
ʱûСˡǱǹĸүүң֮޳˵ж˾
֮үүִ֣·ϸңǧ˵ȥ˭˵
Ҵ˼ңſڵ˹̣Դ˵ѽǧˣҲ㡭
үүĻں滹ô£
үү̾˿˵˾ɽأϧֻ˾ǰԹˣүעⲻӦˡ
үү˵ֵķζһۣ˵һ¡
ң˾ĴŴСʱУҵʱ˶ۼҲ֮һ
ʱŰ˾꣬һ̫ڴĺӱϴ·Ǵ죬ͻȻȻвԶֺֽеģ̫̾үүȥ֡
չȥһͼһƬѹѹﴹһܳܳβͣһںˮԱ߾˺ϵˮˡ
Ȼˮ￪ʼðݣһֻ꿪ʼβ͵·ڣˮﲻͣϱģ͸˳βȥƵġ
үү˵Ӧþﱻ˾С࣬ҿҲë
ûܱȥȻβ;ƲûˣҲˣֻһˮͲˡ
˾ĴžûϹүүǵĻһ£˵ۿģ˵ġ
˵ĸʱ򣬵ʱүү̸սûãҰֶûء
ʱ˶޻޻ʣµ޻Ӿڴĺ޻ϵƤɹɺӹ
޻ȻɫأˮݾӵˮϺɫˮﻹɢһӳζʱһϺзܲˣ㶼ˣˮзͿʼڰϡɱ
ܶСӲ£ЩӰܣ棬һʱﵽǺʵʬ壬ﶼȳţЩӡ
ɺһڳˣǴ嵱ʱһ޴ںӱ޻ʱȻʧ˺ʱͬ˶޻ˣûܹȥ
ɻûأˮ֮ͻȻͨһ˵ס
Χ˶ɵˣշӦҪˮˮѾʼðѪˣǸ޴󻧵ʬԼƯɾʣ°Դˣ֪ʲôҧġ
ĿĴ˵ʬ帡ˮͿʼðݣȻһëĴ˸Ӵʬ¶˸ͷˡ
֮ǵֿʼһţ˵Ǹ޴󻧳µǰһ죬ȾʱѴţأ˵Լǰμϴ˸˵˵ǰЩණˮҲҾ㣬㲻ЩŪߣҾҪ
Ǹ޴󻧸û£ΪͨΣڶһ޻ȥӱݣȻͳˡ
үү˵Ǽ֮󣬴Ҳû˸ȥ޻ˣǴˮؼˮݣ֮˵ֻ˾Թˣү˵Ҳ¡
үүңǸ޴󻧳֮󣬾Ҳûֻ˳ֹˣŴŴҲͽǵˡ
Ұ˵֮󣬴Ҷס˵ˡ
ĬãСȻһƲ˵治֪֮ǰװɵǳ㶣ⲻǵͦ𣿡
ңҲ֪ô£֮ǰô벻Ұһʾһ¾ȫˡ
˵ϵʵСӣϹɽ٣ԵüΪβȣ
ȣզȣһ¡
ʱܲˣ㵱ʱȥһܻˣ
Ҳҡ
һش˵ʦ˵ףҵʱ꣬Ǹ˿ҲóȻȥɣô֪᲻һڰҳˣǸѽ
ô룬δô룬ⲻǣˡϹǧһҷ˵׷Ź𣿡
ʦ˼ڴڿӵǸͷǵֻˣ
ҺһʣǸ·ŮأôţΪұϱˣ
ϵûش𣬶ǺȻ˵㣬ֽ֮Ƭ𣿡

붼û͵ͷش˵˴СӾʹ󣬿ʼʱ£ɹ˼ͦ˼ģ׳ŵӽȥһΣٽȥʱǸѾûˣֻʬҲûˣ͸һжûһҾͰ¸ˣٺֲ˼ŷӣ¶Ҿͳû
ϵ˵ͷһת˵ʵʱүү˵Ҳûн˾ɽԭ͸޹أ㵱ʱҪһѣĽپͳѣԼСҲôȥϹ꿴һ㣬ûԹԹͳϵĽ١
ʦ˼Һ£
֪ûˡ
ϵȻͷ̾˿


025 
ãɶҲ˵ˡ
Ťͷһ˵裬ðѲ˵ȥˮⱲûɱأȹ񫡭
һۣϵ˵үǸˣǧ취ȾҼҺӰɣĴǼһѽ
ɩӣҲȣȷʵΪ
˵ϵζؿһۣ˵ǱżȻȲҲɣһܲܶɹȥȫСԼˡ
Լ
û
ϵͷЦ˵ν廹ϵˣСӣԼĳȥ㻹ǲǵõװ˾λĶ
ǵãһҶŶԺǷӵλӦþǵӹԱߵλá
Ӽң
˵Ұˣ˵ǷȥѽԭԺסǸնŵϹѸûûŮÿ͸˸լǰͻȻϵˣʢǷֹϴſڹʱ˿ޣŷһұġ
Ұһ仰ְҸ˵ˣ˵һʮ͵û˵һʮѽҪҲǸʹģŻŻȥģ˭˭ܵˣ
ϵЦˣ˵Ҳ˵ֹģҲû취£֮ӱԼȥһ˲У׮Թ˻ˣⲻӱɣһ˴ӴҲǶҲɼң˾ĻҪǼ
Ǿ仰ﰵ˾ģǰԼû£Ұ衣
뵽ϵ˵ʦ˵ɣȥ֮ô죿
ϵϴ£˵ǵطһǵ걻˾ʬ֮رʬ޴棬ʣˣΨһʣµģǵ˾ǰһԹԹ겻㱨ˣǸڿӵͷ
Ҳ˵Ǹͷǵ˾Թһʲô
һǵ˾ǰһ͵͵ġ
ϵش˵콵׽٣˾ξΪǰ͵͵һŲڻҷԲ㱨ȥΪľǶ
ҵǶ֮ôʡ
ϵ죬˵Ҳûɶð취úģҪԸһûˡ
ذɣ
һۣҰֵ˦һͣôʦ˵أ˼ô˵еˣ
֣Ǹ˾Һ޳ļ¿ҿȥˡ
㻹˵ˣҾȥˣȥ˾ǾһȥǾʮ
ϵ˵վߣһ˸Ͻ׷˳ȥȥĶ
ϵͷҲصذڰ˵ǲˣѾﲻæˣǸǻȫԼ
ߵſ֮ϵֺСûȥŻعͷɵʣôߣ
Сͷԥһ£ӵ˵壬ͷ͵һܰʲôأ
ⷬԱ߼ò޳Сݺһͷ
ϱ
壬һǸ߰ɡ
С˵ҪߣҸϽȰ˻˵ʦҾҲȻûɶһ֮
磬ɶһ֮ʡ
ɺûңƿȪˮ˹˿ʼ͹࣬Ҷˡ
ͽֶܺŮߣϵĬһ£Цų˵ȻҲҪ£ǰ㶫ó
߹ȥϵ§һֹ֦ڵһһԱͷ
ֹ֮ϵվЦˣʧǰĺҹС
컹ûվߣȥӵլһ̽
ɺסˣҡҡͷ˵ʦ˵ˣڲȥú׼·ƣʮٹȥ
·ƣ·ʲôʡ
С߹˵ֽǮͰݼգ·
ҵͷȻϵô˵Ҳֻհ죬ûߡ
Ѿ̫ˣһϽʰ׼סĵطһϵҲû룬ظݾ˯ˡ
ϵڶǲŶ˴ϾҰҲûȥϰ࣬ϾͳȥϵԸġ·ơˡ
Թ緹ҴСͺȥӵլſһȦȣɾӵլʱ͸оһƮܸое㲻
լӵĴŻϹȥִľͷţ˩ŵѾ⼣߰ˣ͸ŷ컹ǿԿԺĲ֡
տԺӣŴſڵǶõţſţõĵ϶ѾĲݴˣȻѾķ˺ܾû˴ˡ
ģûһ㶯ǰõĶԭԭԭߡû˶
һǾ뿪ûҰĿջžડһϰŵһ֧ȻԼˤ˵ϣ¿мĵϡ
һϽͷС˵С㣬ⷿӸò治ɾɣ
С̧ͷϴŰƲ˵ʲô׼Ҷ˵һⷿӾλڵ˾λãصԹ֮ؿ֪аĶҲ
˵תͷߣҸҲϽȥ˼Ъ˰࣬ͺˣһڳ˷ֿ˻ӣ̧ͷһϾҪҹʮˡ
˵ﺦ£ԼҲףĶ㲻Ƕû˵ͰװϴǮֵ˰Ѳ˵תߣСͺҲһԲȥ
ٶӼҵĴſڣձȰʱҪֲˡ
ûһ߹ȥֱӰѾ˵ߵˣҡھߡ
ˣ㲻Ҫұúģ
ҽžͿʼСͺ絹ûظңš
ԺںģҲûֵͲȫϵ¹⡣
ߵſʱҴϴͳţҪߣͼҵſڣ̽һӰ
ˡһʱŵסСҲû˵ǰ棬סǸĺӰ
紵ĹҲסӰ˵ӴⲻҵСżѽ
̲סֵһǶӵһסô꣬Ҳϴ
׳ŵһգȻƵĶſҺٺɵЦء
С㣬ô죿
ҲɫС㣬ûС˵أִһϵȻ˸ﲻҿɵʮˡ
һǸͷͷ˿ĭ򶨵˵Ӵӻû˯ء


026 
˵׳ŵӾͳ˹ȥſڳҹЦЦһһģҲֻܵû
ûСͺҽȥϾΪһģһ¼ŭĶҲü£һʲô£˿Եһʱȥҡ
СſڣǴǮ˳׵׼Ŷա
Ӷһһ˴̹ǣװģûһ۾ͽݣͬһƬڣϰһľͷС߸һӰΪ̫ڵĹϵǵǿԿߵձûͷӦþǸڴڿӵͷˡ
һס񣬳ͷһ°˵үǹôҿе㲻ϰߡ
һ˵꣬һߵĺӰȻֵ̧˰ڿϵһ
һˣûߵľǸͷͷţϥգûнš
ڿһ΢΢ЦģǸŰ׳ˣҲͶʮ꣬ƺٰͷ޽ǵͷѾˡ
ȻҲǡˡΪ˫ֻ۰ףûʡ
Ϊ˱ʾƣЦ˵ӴԭڼأҲڡ
˵ˡ͡һ¾Цˣͷݺݵһۣ˿ڣϷסǻ˱ˣˣ
ӸʱҾѾƹˤˣҲû£ͳ̵һЦǺ˵үҾǻնѣ㿴㳤ô۵ģô˧ĶǺˣԹɣ㵽ôܷŹң
Ź㣿ҲĲ㣡
үô𣿡ε˵
Ǻǣҵж޾ж󣡡ͷԴԽԽơ
ʱһߵЦǺ˵ֵܣ̫⻰ɲ˵ģ̫Ѿãо궼͵ȹҸľƣǱҲعأ˭ֻһʱߺ٣㵱ʱԵڳ͸̫һϴĸĻᣬԹۺ̫ǧлһ˵޴󲻴󣿡
Ҷ֪Ѿ˭ѾͱƱƱơƱƱư죬ҵʱͻˣһʣС˭ѽʲô£
ֻǺЦ˵ʱ洫Сûѽôֽá
˵ܣҸҪѴݸʱɺŤͷһɨǸˣʱˡ
ףأ
绰һڣϵЦ̾ʧˣһСҲ˷䣬˾磬㣿þòˣ
С˵ʱ־ϲ΢΢죬͸ŮƵģһ¶ͲԣϽʺ磬˭ѽ
ʦСʱСһ浽ģı¿ɲʦ羪ϲ˵
һľˣˣ˼÷
ɻûСأڿߵͷȻһŭǵӵܣ˵ԼǱĹ»Ұ
Ҫô˵𣿡
˵һ죬³һŵķĻֽһ˿ڣֻ۾İɫȴ¶˳
ðƭϷ򣡡
ͷվϵȴסһôҲβ
ͷʱɵۣʱһЦ˵Ѿˣ͵͵滭䣬ܲˡ
ңҸͬھ
ͷһŭ𣬽žſڴһǺצͳС˹
СһϽͳһŷɻû˦ȥأͼӿûָѾȴ˶ӵüϣÿһӵüѾ˸㣬˲һҲһŷɻҡ
ͷС΢΢һЦһСķ˱ڿϵͷŷͷؿʱ޵½⣬һǺͷӰҲڻ谵ʧˡ
ô嶯һ㻵ҵĴ¡
ͷСͷһ£Ц˵ǰĻ꣬ҪȻǶû
ף磬ô
СصͷϵϲãЦ˵ǵǣȥ⼸꣬ÿ춼᲻ᱻˣԻڵĹ򻹲Ҳͷˡ
㣬ô֪򲻴㶼ûҳ֣С죬Ц
ûش𣬺ѾԱ߲廰˵С㻹û𣿰ӦͼˣںѧУҺ͵Ϯ˻꣬¾ǰɵİɡ
绰һڣСˣȴͷЦ˵ɱû⼸һֱأʱ㶯ҪСĹôԶֽøЩûʧɹŮ
ǣҪǵʱղأСӵʡ
ʲôСʲôʱ㰤۸
ĵԽԽͶҾ͸оͷöðˣ͹˵Ļ˵磬㿴ͷϣܾе㲻ԣ
ôԣʡ
ҸоԴе̡
һ˵Цˣû뵽ҲЦˣعͷֶ˵ֵܣϻغҸǵң⣬ⲻǣ֪ΣգҸϽæˡ
ΣգΣ𣿡
Ц˵Ҫ㵷ңû׼Ҽ仰Ͱͷ˵¿ͷܽݸֵɶģҲǲܡ
СԱߵһ˵ٴţˣ˵ʵλˣǿǧ˾Թ꣬淢˺ݣƾԸûʲôա
ãʲôû˵ģӼȥ˰ɣ
תߣںסңЦ˵ֵȱߣ¶ûأϹԹ侭òɢʵ޹ؽҪҪһ٣ؼǺŮϡ
һǸŮסϽʣ԰ǸŮĶϵҲ˵ҵ
ܰ
˵껰첽ߣߵðѵϻûǮϴ˶һңСҲϽ˽ȥ
ȥ֮ȶŷǮͳѹŷϣʼգԱ߿š
ۿǮյĲˣӺںĻȻһֻΡΡϹ
ǵϹĵطϹ굱µĶ桭
˵ŻһѾץסֻ֣ӻקžӻﴫһֻƴۿžͿȫػʱһ֣ͬһʱһֳֻŻݺȥ¡һһȥѳһ󶴣ںֱͨصס


027 ǧ굤
ջվѾˣСһ۵øϽ˹ȥ·˺˿鲼Ҫ
ֻǺٺЦһ£˵˾䡰û¡֮ת˵ֵܣǶڶѶó¾ˡ
ȥΪɶ㲻أ
ΪʮǰĻԵⶫֻҪǲһپˣ͵¡
˵곯ҵͷתߣСϽקס˵ȶ̵ô֪أʦֿǺİ㣡
һС뷴Ǹǻǻ㲻һû˵ֱӾ˶
ȥʱŵСֱѾȫȻˡ
Ǹ涼ȥһƨڵһ㶼ۣԼһ£̫æȻû
ȥѾˣҾ׳ŵұǰߣխխù˲ǰ߶Ų£˳ĶǰĵģºڰкȻʲôֶҵСǽˡ
һ֮һƽ̧ͷǰһӶ¶һ΢΢ĺҸϽӿŲź˹ȥ
߽ʱϸһŵõʱ͵һǸֻĺŮڶŵµǰƾɺɡĺǴϷġ
û߽أŮﴫһ󿩿ЦЦˬֱǸõĺӣźЦȫȵĹŵҲ
˵ȡһȡʲô˵¶ˣȹȥ˵ɣ뵽׳ŵӾ˹ȥ
һӽŮЦȻֹȻ䱸رɡվ
ƺһֱöΧ춯Ϣ񲻸ҷһȻŮ˵̫𣿡
ǣҡ
ҲΡΡش˵ӣλ̫Ѿûˡ
˵ʱ˼˵ҪͻȻҾ͸ϽܣŮȻȫƽ˵˻ʣûˣʲôûˣ
ûˣˡ
̫ʮǰˣ״ٷǡ
ҿĲ׼ȷҵ˼˵һΣԹ궼ûˣ׵ûˡ
⻰˵Ůסˣڵӣͷ˵ˡ
ǣʲôӦ֪˭ҲΪģ㣬֮ĳ𣬵ôܻ⣿Ҳ֪СҵȻ£ҪȻĻôܿһ
̫˵ĳ𲻹졣
ŮȻڣЩ˵͸һĹµĻᣬһѣһĹ²ؽɽúУǧ꣬ôһλỹˡ
ƺ޶⣬ҵĵҲˣ˹ȥ׳ŵԱߡ
͸һԼһŶõͷպȻԵеΡ
Ϊ˴գʣӣʲôмһֱףұ𣬵Ū𣿡
ٷϻƨš
ûƨҵ
˵
Ů˵ųŵûˣҹǸ͸һŮ۲࣬ϧûۣϾһ졣
㣬Ҹֻ˾ĶԹϾ飬ʲôΪʲôҲҪѲǵ˾ںӹһ˵
˵ȫҶ˵
Ů߷ߵ˵˵˵Ļҿʮˣ⻰Ҷ
ʮʮꣿٺһ濴㷢̶ʮ˾ŵƵģ㵽ʲô
һŵ
Ů˵ΪԪΪްڻһǧ굤ǧڣ콵׽٣ǰ³ڵ£Ա׻δξԹֿڵ۳ɻ㱨𣬶һֱ˽ʮ꣬ŵԻΣεʱ仹̣ٻûȫ
ƿԣԭ껹ôһλԵ
ЦЦʣһе㲻ףΪʲôһֱǰɡɡҵ궪ںӹԱߵĶ԰ɣ
Ůͷ˵ԣɡģ׽ʱ̫ʬһ˵£Ҹճʱһֱڶﲻ¶棬ɡΨһߡ
˵źȻɡʣҪȥ𣿡
İҲҪû˻Ҫɡ
Ц˵ӣȻ̫Ѿûˣһɡܷܲһ
ܡ
Ůҡҡͷ˵˵̫ңҾ̫꺦̫Ҳҵĳˡ
ǣСѾͷͦ㣬ҵ꺦̫³ûʮʱ仯𣿽ǲǣΪҲ㣬㲻֣
ˣµľˣƤӡ
û뵽һ˵Ů˵ˣ챧ɡûʣһ飬ǲǷǵҪұŪҲɣ
Ůһ£ݺݵ˵ͷ
ܺãټ
һվȾܣһܣŮĺǺǹЦӺ洫ȻˣΪܵ𣿡
˵ŮһΣצͳ˹ܿ죬еײײĸӣۿҪ˵ҵıϣǰкȻһŭ𣬽žͼСӭһƿҡ
ȶ̵ģܣ
һͷһСѾſ˫Ůǰ棬ûüԼ͵˵ϡ
ҸһûվأһӰѾϿ˹ȥ
˲䵲СǰŮϣſѪһھҧĲӣʱԱһһûҧĺҧļϡ
磬
ĺһһѿӣʩչıɱѿʱԼԼˣǰһˤʱײһʯͷϣ۵ú統ʱͰһȥˡ
Ա߲֪ôźأͼѾžʹСƵڰȫطŻֽŮͷϡ
ûӵĹ򣬻ֽȻԼȼһΪ˻ҽһˣϽҺֵѪˣʱűʯͷˣѪȾɡϣ׻ذɡһȾѪŵԳͣѪ
ʱ䣬˵ʲôҶᳪܶԴΣյĲôС£
ˣͺã
һģһҧ˺һֱŮһ˦֣ѪɽŮϣŮҧ̾˿һزҽʼҲˡ


028 Ů
Ƭ֮䣬ŮϿʼð̣ԽԽҲԽԽȻءһȫը˿͸һѪѪĹɢ˲ſ壬ǸĴСѪɫԲԶǲģϸֲκ壬ֻһŽۼһĺɫâشת
һŮʧˣһ¾̱˵ϣСϽܹȥŵ꺮ůɨһû˵ֻѪҲѪ
ʱӿ㶵ͳ˸򿪺˵ֵȥǿŵȻװܱסˡ
ƾʲôָңΪɶ㲻ȥСôˡ
ƺͲһƲ죬ЦŻش˵ҪõˣѾҾȰٰƽˣǶǷǧϹڵһҪ˻ٵġ
˼Ҳһ£
ǺǣҲô⣬ճɡϵѪϹ³ڵΪһ壬ʮⵤˣﻯŮѪΨһų˾㡭
һ仰˵ˣع˵ôһ˵ҸղǸЦ濪ˣҲǸŮְɣ
Цˣ˵ҪǷǵô˵Ҳ˵֮ͨȰȡˣҺøϽ㴦
ҵͷС߹ȥǸͮͮԲӵ
ǹˣԲСڵʱ϶ҳоһ˿һһ͸ϱճһ
ǶӽĴ룬˵֣˵֣ΪԼҪҰôоԼǴ̥أ
ֵ涺СҲįˡ
Һ˵ʱСһֱڸϸİ˵Ȼһ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôһϽŻԲѵĺ˹ȥȷСӻк֮һ
취˺磬һ˶˳ǰڶڵȥһһˣҲûڶ˷ʱ䣬ͳ˶ӼҼߡ
;ȻЦǺǶС˵С㣬ҵˡ
ߣʦȥĶ
һۣͷ˵һİˣȥ˼Ҽе㲻̫ʰɣ˵ˣһøϽȥŵͲˡ
Աͷ˵û
С㼱ˣһסĸ첲˵ĶҲȥأҵúúø
С˵껰ֵһۣв˵ȶ̵ģҪǸҾ͸һߣɱڣ
ãҴˣͰ̧ΰ﹩ȥ˰ɣ
Ҳˣ̾˿ͷǰߣС㡢˽
쵽ʱ˹еΣЦ˵ֵܣʹˣллˡ
СҴӣͷ黹Ⱦأ
ҹ˵껰ߵſһƴţһ龰ҵʱɵˡ
Ժģ͸һһԲԺĥ˵ء
һҳ˽ȥ̧ͷϲ˵ѽƽ̫
ûĻϽ裬ʲô£
һȦˣ˵ӣˣûüȻһȺˣһü۵ľۼһͨȻĶ׶ӣô˵ǾͰָץˣ˵ԼȥˡҲ֪ɶʱⲻĥأԼƴȥ
˵˶ˣһδƽһѲǸұ˾ͬ
뵽ҸϽȺ˴ʲôʲôˣҹȥ׷
˵ʲôû˵ͷСӺױϣŸΡ

һ˵˹Ĳˣǰαδĺ־ˡ
ҾˣСӻˣúž˸ĶôĶ־
ҲûʱĥЩˣȻ֪ץҰֵ麣Ҳ֪뿪·ˣҰο輸֮˵ڼϢСͺϽ׷˹ȥ
ܵһһӰСۼ⣬ܿͷ˵ĳ̥ӡȻǺѾˣҲģʹ˼ǰ׷Ŵڵǰ׷ȥף׷ǴСӱߣʯţǽǴıؾ֮·
ûȿأǾͷʯŸͣźü𱭳Ϩˣϳ¶ûһҲһӰ
ҸҪܹȥСȴԱקסң˵ðգԣп麣밵ء
㰵㣬Ҿ֪Ұأ
˵ʱһ˦С֣ͳȥСͺһҲȰҲˣϽҲ׷
嵽űʱҳɤӺ麣ҳʲôˣҰ
ûȺѾ嵽˺ӱߣǰһסˡ
ͼӱվһȺˣŶʮţмڳ̣һϣҲ֪Ǻ磬һԱϤˣҰ֡
֣㣬ǡ
꣬
Ұֻͷһۣ֡
ʲôܻࣿˣ
ںҲСĽ˹ȥߵҰԱ˳˷һ¹ںϣͼˮһӰû·ںϴء
龰ɲһʱҲסˣʱͼ۶Ѿֱ˵ĺٺЦ˵Сӣһú㣬Ŀǰݻɸúͣûɣ
ûûС
һûСͺݺҺһ£˵ģҹĲ˯¡
⣬ⲻѽ
Ұһ̹߳͡һͷҲص˵ҰߣɿӱʱѾںˣײֲǿȵġ
Сһ˵˹ˣҹôŮϴ裿˵ôΧſѵû֣
˵ŻСܾ˺ˮͳںǸŮ˹ȥ
һȺһˣС㾪ŮˣֲҴֻεؿСߵ󣬿ֵǣСѾˣǸȫûһԹˮ
СҲԾ͵͵һξͳһŻƷ䣬׳ŵŮ˵һ£Ů˻ûзӦ
ι㵽ǹ
С˵ŻϺݺһŮ˵ڱСתɫһҰ˲סˣǣǸŮˣȻǴ峤Ķϱ
ˮﶢСһɵЦȫ¶Ŀ֮Ҳȫ޶ԣ˹ˣϺŮܽʱúõأôͻȻͱˣ
ʱȺдһУѽֹˣǿӡ


029 ϡ
˺ǵĿⶼۼ˴峤ϱĲӣ¹ͼ΢΢⣬ϸһһƬƬۡ
裬ѽŮְɣϳƬ
һ⻰¶ʼ󳷣ʱںңһͷһҶĿתؿŮϴ裬ȴһֱںڵϻ
߹ȥأ糯һʹɫ˵СھŮôˣôΧչ鲻¶취ŭǣа취һٸǡ
磬ļٵģҺɵʣΪ֮ǰļγСӳ֮⼸Ͳˡ
İɣҸÿ˱϶ֽţҪǺÿ
ҵͷֿ첽ߵԱߣȰҰק˺棬ȥ峤֪ͨǰҰһߣҶû˵ݺںһ¡
۵ѽһУµעʮŹӰӵΧ˹Ѻ硢Χס
Сӣ㲻ҶĿˣ
ָۣЦ˾ͺã۾úˣ
ˣǣǿˣһЦ˵
⻰˵꺣һ¾ͺˣӵ˵Сǣظбֵǣǿ
һ£Χ¶õؿڣҿһȦ˵˻涼бģÿ˵Ŀ˺üʮȦѿӺϵƤһ
һЦ˵ûǿӣ붼룬Сӣڵˣ
˵껰һŭΧʮ˾ˣʱͼһԱߵĺдʣ˵ȻݺһڵϻĹֻϣһȥžһԱߴ
ۡ
һΧ˶ˣ˰첻֪ô£ʱͼȺһСӲΡΡΪ˵󣬴磬Һ񡭡㶵ˡ
ɾٸҹ
õֱɻû䣬һͬعϴɫʱͱˡ
û˵أֹȺнһ˶񡪡
ѽǣۡ
˭ֽˣ˭ֽˣ
ѽ˭ҽ¿ӣ̫ˡ
ʮ˲һţ·ġƨɵܵģм˵ֱӿʼԼӣհѿӳͼ¹һˮζȥʮףΧǡ
ҲˣѵǺĹ
뵽ҸϽʺ磬ͼһЦٺ٣ʦʮ꣬û̹һΨһдϡ˭˭ϡ¡ղǿŮʱûţ͵͵ÿ˱һڵϻķֻҪһģǾʹȥɣ
ҡͷ԰ʱΧѾҳһţһеҡڡеֱɳ죬͸꿴̻Ƶģǳ棬ֻá𺳡ˡ
Ŷ²˳ſȻúСˣʲô£Уֵ
ǣү㣡
һۣ˵ŻϵͼϺݺ˼£ʮ˴ܵøˡ
ԱЦˣʺ˵磬ǲǣҪӮô죿
ҪӮˣԺֵ°ʮֵǲ˭鷳˭
˵𣿡ʡ
һߣҲ˲Ͽ˵ǳ쿿Ǹ֣˵ȥĻóȥˮ˭ҲӾ͡ѽ
绰û˵أҷһž˹ȥһкؿڣߵʱʹϷֱ֣С͵Ϯ˵ĵԼϣǡ
㣡
һ߹ȥڵϱѪˡ
ΧʮҲˣû˸ҶְΪոպԼ׿˵ˣҪӮԺҵġ
ú绹ûҳǶʮһ˵ֵǣһԾŶպ˵ˣҲģϽ̧ߣԺҲ׼ԣû
ȺһĬ˶ɵ㶶ҿֻŻĿȡ
СӣֵһԾŶӮˣ
Ҳ֪˭Ⱥﺰһ䣬ʮӦ̧ͣιȥĺ˳ϣһĹ򣬼ȫ۵糸ؿˣƶżؼһȥ
ȺûãҰ־ʹŴ峤һԼٱĴ˹ΧںӱһһƬȻ
峤ĶӼԼϱһ˿ˮɵЦߵģϽԼ¾ϱϣϱˮĶ֪һϱͿʼۿ֣ˮ
峤ĶҲˣ־ʹ򣬿ɴҲûãǲ뿪ӡ
峤Ա߼ˣΧ۵ĴҲʼ˽˵ϱ϶аˡ
һʱҲû취߹ȥ˸⣬ȻȥòһС˵᲻ȼü֮Ȱ뿪ӵĶϱҲñѲιˡ
峤һǸ취ǸϽԸȥ˵ֶѽ˵⼸첻̫ƽ˸˹ǰæô°ɣ
һˡ֣۶ˣϽǰ˵峤үи취ҪҸϱдϡܼˮ˲˳̧ˣ
û˵Ҿ֪ʲôΪҲûС
˵ҸϽȰ磬̫ˣŸðɡһ˼Ҵ˺ü컹أӵˮܱ߼ΪˮԴͷѾһӻôѽ
˵˵ͷҲԡ
϶ûʲô취ˣȥС㣬Сһֱڴ峤ϱ߹۲죬һûԡ
С㣬ʲôû
һʣСͷ°˵ϸ۲һ£ͻȻɵͲϳƬ֮⣬ƺе㲻Ѱĵط
Ŷʲôط
ҳûϽ´һСһ£ûôţϸ졭
ҰСĻһҲ˲ԾĵطŮȻһɵЦʱʱͷ
һǱʲôˡ
С˵Էе֣˵Ҽϳ۵һǵһμҪǰͺˡ
ҺС˵Ĺ򣬴Ѿ̧ͺͼƥײȰͲ峤ϱܣϰײһ׵СǴˡ
ЩĴһĻһˣһ£
ʦ֣ôˣϿɴأ
һСûƵģϽܹȥ
ԵЩ˿ڻѪЦСӼһΣ˵ɵѾͷһ˳ôܷģ


030 ͷ
ֿ˴ε͹ȥתƻʣ֣ã쿴Ҹڴɩӵôˣ
˵קߣСͺҲָˮ
ʱѾΧŴ峤ϱ񣬾һڹӽȥֻһ۾ЦˣȻתͷʺ˵ӣҲʦôˣǰʲôð취û
У
ᶨصͷ˵ҾӦſڰӡ
һ飬峤ʹ峤ӸϽΧȥ׷ʣֲƱ׬׬ٷһߣٱ˰׿
ѽѽ
ʧҡҡͷָɵЦŮʴ峤˵ֵܣûʲôر£
һʣ峤ҡҡͷŵشûаһֱö˶˵ģϱС͵Сĵرֻ϶ôͺö˶̯¶أ
üɴ峤ӵĻû˵꣬̾˿ֲͱǰɣϱԺｽʱС棬ŵֱУҳ°ˣϱԱֱȰ˵Ҳ飬˵ԡ
⻰˵ֹ꣬ɫˣСɫҲÿˣϽô峤ϸ˵˵¡
峤ԴԴ˵ǰ飬Լ￴أ潽˵صϱȻһܳȥ
һͼϱԺһֱţʼûϱʲôأ߽һˣԭǵССߣǴӲ˵ġ
ϱƲɱͶСߣС߹Ҳϱˣǲϱû˾Ͱ³߹ȥһ¾ͰСߵԴıˣն˺üΡ
ϱնεС߻ڵŤӣ͹Լ̫ݣ˵ôⱨӦû£°С߲ȥˣҲû¡
Ȼһల£Լ˯ʱҲûעϱʲôʱţȻҰ־ͺȥˣȻһ˵ܹˡ
峤˵һ̾ϢʦѽѲⱨӦˣ
˾Ųʮ
Ц˵ͷ˵°ˣ˼أټ⼸Ҳ̫ƽȾ궯Ϊ㱨ˡ
峤һŻˣֽͰ˵ɣǾǱҲϱѽңӦŶѽ
Ǻǣûһ仰𣿹¶ˣһɱûɱһаɱǺ£׻˵ƶб㲻ʱ㵹ùʱ˵ϱڳ󣬰ܻȫҵпɱ㱾˱ݵö࡭
˵Ȼһ£̧һ㣬Ȼüͷ˵ԣ˵ߣ¿ɾͲôˡ
ôˣԱʵ
٣߻ټң
˵ʱһֱڲͣ㣬һ֮ȻϲһָŴ峤ӵıѽѽ˵²࣬ǰҺˣߣ
˵껰첽һȺȻû˼ǸϽȥ
ͼ˵ߵ÷ɿ죬Ϊ˿ڵľʹԼʧѪ촽ˣСˣ͸Ͻȥ˵磬⵽ô£ҪȥңȻȻȥúϢ졭
С
ǿС㼷һ˿΢Ц˵С㣬в򵥣Ըˡ
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С죬Щͷ˵뿪⼸ҿûٸҶѧǹǾҶֵ
ˣǹҲǾɡ
һ仰СֱˣҲˡ
һҶԭزˣͷʴ峤˵峤ס·ǲǰŸǺõģ
峤ͷʱ˵ô·Ǻúȥסû
峤ֵ˵ͷʦµϹأ·ס֮ǰȷűڳϲȻĳȥסһլ
Ǿʹˣ˴û͸Ͻߣ
˵תͷǰߣҲˣֻܶҴҸȥ
ص峤Ӽʱӻȡ˸СΧԺת˺üȦָ֮һǽ˵죡Щ˹ǽڿٽ˶Щ
峤ҶʣϽǼΧǽǾͿʼڣʣ¼˿ʼǽ±𣬲һһ轵̷Ҳһǡ
ͽץΧǽǻ˸ȦһǽŵĴ񺰣ʦи
⻰ǸϽΧȥһǣǽûͼ¶һϸ˵ͷûټȥ˰ЩĲ𶼶ѵĶϣʼա
һ֮󣬻ƺȻʼҡڲͣزһϽôʹˣȺ˺ʮȻһһĺӰѾӻ˳Ȼһ첲ϸĴߣһ¶ֱſѪڳҧ˹ȥ
һֻ棬Ƕŵɫ԰ҽУʱͼһǶѪͷһõȦǣһѬײǳˣ̳һ磬ͷ߸Ȧ
󣬴ʦ⣬ɶѽ
峤ΡΡǰɸһڣͼߵͷһתͿʼŵô峤һһƨɾ˵ϡ
ȱɶүϽ¸ͷ
ͷ
峤һ£ûȷӦؾͱİ˵ϣ˿ʼƴؿͷ
ʱͼ죬Ϊ˿ڵľʹƺվվסˣǷǽ˵ϣسȦĺ˵СɼҲ춨һ٣һСʵ֮ɼһ桭
Ǻһҡͷԣ͸ȫĻһѪڵͷǶԸӿһ˫Բ۵תȦӳȥӣʧˡ
߲ԼץһǷ۾ȦŵúҶײ
ʱ峤һ߿ͷһ߿˵ʦҿǣͷһѻˣ
˶ڤ粻飬һҵ
һۣʴ峤˵峤ⷿ¸ǵģס֮ǰûаլ
⣬ǵȻ
峤լϴͳǨ֮ǰ÷űڳϲȻﳤסһҲôģȻöӶϱס˽
Ǻǣ˼ҰլΪһ̫ƽ㰲լȻ˸ͷ


031 
һתָסĺ˵ǿ֪ʲôҵıɣ
һڣӶˡ
ʱֽ˵ơסɻңӹ˹֮Ϊɡ峤ҵı˵ɣҲǰߣլѾˣ·䶨Ϊг谴׹סһΪլȻҲһǨ¾ˡ
裬ѽ
峤ŵɫ԰ףϽʵʦǣǱҶСǡ
ҵСɼҡ
ҵɸ˾ƣСɼҳû˳֪ɱԴնζɻŭϱô¡
峤˵꣬Ͻָ˼ʮͷ峤ҲŻˣһ߿ͷһ߸ϴķԸ˵Ҳɱ֮ģ߿ˡɺֱֻ۶ˣ
˿ͷĵöͷѪˣż˵ɼң޲ף׻˵춨Ҫǽⲻޣ˱ˣҲẦԼѽ
Ļ˵꣬߾Ȼһͷ
ͷ˵׾ͺãĳǰծԹˣСһ·Ҳһ·
ýȦһʣȦĨ˸ȱžͼߴȦ˳ŵô峤ˣ߸ûǣҲûԼĶȥ˴ſڣܿʧҹɫУȫټ
һʧ峤ӸϽΧлͣСĲվҡҡͷ˵ǱлңԺֻҪԵͺˣҴӴ֮û˱ɣ»ᡭ
û˵꣬ȻһҪǰ峤Ͻסŵ˵ʦ˿ᣬУҿæѴʦȥ
峤һڣʮȿֺǰ͸մƵġ
ʱԺȻһĦг죬һŶҵĴͷܽ˵峤ϱûˣӺӱظأ
һ⻰峤һҸǸ˵òˣϽȰλȿѵĴʦȥơ
ûһȺ˴ӵ߳ſڣŵǸҵĴȻһ߬ס˵ļݺһקһҽУ˶Ⱥз˳ȥžһײǽϡ
ͻ˶ˣСͺȷӦ˹Ͻ嵽ǰȥʱСָǸҵĴŭʲôˣΪʲô磿
Ǹû˵һ˦־ȻýָгһŻֽ˦ʱһѪҲ˳ֱֱϻѪˮȾ˷ֽ
˵ͬԩңĳְҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҳָʱ´һӣұ졭
ִ̧ͷϵĶң¶һѪְܵѹϵһѣҴ·һ˺۵ɫ¶˳
һ˵С㡢ˡ
壿
СһΪѾϳˣȻѾԼ뿪ϵ
壬㣬Ǹǰѽ
С㣬Ҳұ죡
ϵݺݵһѪԵˡ
һֱΪ㾹ȻҪҡ
ʦ˵ʲôأ羪ʵ
ӡС㣬ҹ䵱ǵĴʦ֣
ϵһŭ𣬻ûؿڿ˫ƺվվˡ
ɺС㶼Ѿˣȫ֪ô¡
ȻЦӺ米󴫳ʦþòΪڵҪɱ練ƣǵ͹ˡ
˵ʲô
ǻ統תͷɸûٿڣּ̧Ѿüϵһ£һ£ʱͲᶯˡ
ף磬㡭
С㣬ʡ
С˵ԴԺΨһһγС˵ʱûЦ
һСûӦȻƵһߣ˵С㣬òҪ֣֮⣬˶
û䣬ڶϵЦӻ˵ӣԭΪܵƣû뵽ĵ׵Թô˵׸ʲôǲΪǿǧ굤
ʦⲻ֪𣿡
һЦһԱߵС㣬˵ѾСΣգøϿ뿪
СԶһ㣬ֻǣϵŭ
ʦôô˵磿
СתٶȾʣ磬ҲҪ˵ˣڶžң
ǺǣС㣬ȻײҲʵʵ˵˰ɡ
һЦ˵λǣΪϹµǧ굤ⶫ˲ҲƭȡǵΣͨСõԲƭ㡭
磬㡭
Сľɣ͸Ƶȫľˡ
ǣڶΪʲôҪҵסΣգȻҪĶˣΪʲôҪ
ΪѽСɵϣ㲻ǵҵĻСʱҾͶŵֻҪڣ˭붯һë
˵ϵ¶˼δ׹˵ʦȻûɿ˵ôأҲû취ֹ뿪˰ɣȻСڳҾһǷҵծͽ㡭
˵Ż͵һʹǽͷżϵ˿ѸʧҹɫУϵһҪܣ߬Żֽ׷׷ǽ߾ͽһ˵ϡ
С㻺ϽסҲŵ˹ȥѪϵʣү⣬⵽ôѽͽ𣿡
ϵ̯С㻳˵׼˽һˣܰ㻯ѣԲȥû뵽еĹˣȻȻƭȡǵΣ뿪˰ңӽɽˣ΢ת͸ϽǱˡ
ɰΪʲôҪôС㾪ʡ
ȻΧû׵׷ʲô˸ţ峤ҲΧ˵ѽѽʦǺˣոջһء
Ǿ㣬Ǻѽ
ϵҡҡͷûٶ˵վߣСǸϽ׷ȥΧʳʶ̣ҿСȦѾͨͨˣƺֱڻŸոһС
ϵүһǲףҪǿŵʲôãаŶ׸ҶҪ
ϵײײǰߣͷҲص˵°ſᵱٹҹΣǿŴϹ꾫ǧ귨ڵչſذٹȷʵ洫ǲǰѵ˼佫ӭһƽ١
ɣȥĶʦְΪѵ˵
ϵһĬǰ˺ããȥĶ֪
ʱҺȻһ˵үӦ߲̫ԶҵȺܰæ
ѣʲôѣ
յһȺСܡ


032 
ȻƺأϵǷҪ뿪һҲ֪뾡ҵѵ
ȷʵ̫ˣ·߲ˣǿصײײǰߣ˶ۣ˵Сͺˡ
С㿴ȥˣһǿ֮ϵŴӦҼһ˳Ĵһ˿ڡ
ʱǼԱ߶ϵ˿ڼֱԼ۾ϵ˿ںأһһĺϸС˿ڣ˿ڵѿ̶ȻȵҪࡣ
˿һĻ޹ʹ͸ʲôỮһƵģϸʹͲס࣬Ҵһǰغ֫ϵ˿ڣڼС˿ڻһ㹻ȫƤˣϵĸ˶֪
ˣϵԳ֮ûкһֻۣǽüͷ˵ɫѿ
塭
Ĭ֮Сסˣͷӵʣʲô˰˳ȷ˺Ͱ硭й𣿡
Сϵݺݵһۣ̾˿˵㲻Ҫٽ磬Ϊ飡ҵ˭Ҳ֣뿪ûãͲСµľл귨УСָɢһ˺ȻӺҹܳ˳ľ
һ㶣пˣȷʵ򵥣ҿЩС˿ڣôҲ벻Ǳʲô˵ġ
̫Ҳ壬ֻǵǶʮһǸ˵ʮָϣָһʮܾϸıӾͿʼ˦ƺװкܶĵƬ
ϵ˵Ҹˣ°˵ү˵ⶫʲôһ治֪Һǰ˵˵ǵ𽭺ߡ
ߣʲôϵʡ
һش˵Ҳ˵ãǺ֮ǰھϸҵģǵϵˣԽ¶ò٣˵ϱսʱϺ塢ƣͷϷõĵһͷǸհ׵ͷϺųơ˫õǳ⣬͸ر񡭡
Ǹհ׵Ķϵ꾪ʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ϧˣ˵ǰЩ꽭ҵú͵˳ͻλհ׵˴ŰʮѪƴͷ˸ˡ
ϵʣô˵ֽߵʲôã
ûˣ˵һòˣʵ߰źܶκƬòõĲ˲˱˻׸Լָͷ
һһת˵Ҳ˵˵Щ˺۵ǲǱ˵˵ãҪڵĻܿס
ϵͷû˵СȴȻ׷ʣ壬£һûϵأ
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֪֮ǰֹܿóǴСϣֿ˶֮ͻȻ֣ȴһ֮ޱ䷴ĿΪ˭ܽܵأ
̾˿Ҳϵ˵үʵҲ֪⵽ôһ£ʲôˣˣΪʲôҪѶʦأˣΪʲôҺʹ峤һң
ǣбײһŶۣΪǾǣʵοɺǲǳ
ϵְ̾һĬúٶȿڵʵСһֱܹɣֱҽ֮ԼԸıа
壬СûѵʲôܣС׷ʡ
ϵ˵ͷ޵֮˶ΪޣҲԵõ֮ˣԽ֮Ϊˡ
ϵһڣСͺɫ̱ˡ
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ûȺѻ˵꣬ϵѾ˵ͷȷʵ겻ֻ޵õĵţ֮Уһ𡢶ľˮÿһʱ֮;֮߱һ޶
ϵԼͽܴ컨׹ģԱԽԽͲмʣү˵˰춼ԼͽܴˣܸѽǻǮ
ϵν̫̫֮Ǭû߿磬ͨ޵һдı⣬Եһӵ컯֮ͨ
Բۣհ̲ס̾һ
ʱСԱɨһ˵ȶ̵ģɲҪСˣﶼʷϿȦɵ㣬ڿɽʦʦᣬ½ݼضΪ֮
С˵Ҹˣ̾ϧˣҪνôĻֽаǲǺʰ
ֹǺʰȫǿʰˡ
ϵһпҡҡͷ˵ЩڿѾĶˣƭȡǵεõǿǧ굤
үѵǿŵ޵𣿡
ϵɨһ˵Ҹող˵ˣ˵һ⣬һҲûεǿǧ굤һѿⱦԿס
ϵ˵ҶסˣֳĬһС㾪ʣ壬ûа취Ѱ絼죿Ҷ֪ǻˣΪʲôͻȻ
ǻԹҪ뻯²ס
ʱ۵ͷ󺹵Ĵڰϵ˿ڶˣϵϢǴҲ͸Ի˯ˣһ죬һҾ˯˹ȥ
һΣεһ»ɡСŮڵϿޣԾǿǧ굤ûΣһ̧۵ʱȴסˣþƯĶ֮ǰôֲ
ңҡ
һֱҿȣ忪ʼҶŤڻһҲù쳣𽥱˼УڻӰһһһɫ԰׵Ůˣһһͷ̷þµֲۣһǸޱֱ̫̫ҿ
Ȼ˼ͬһʱֽԽԽ־ҪץңŵһһȻѣѾһ亹ˡ
ģôᣬôεǡ
ĨһѺϽ˸ƽ飬һ࣬춼ûء
ʱҾ͸оԼĴ΢΢زʱʱһ֨֨


033 ɽ
˶࣬Ұ赥ڳϵסˣС˯ҷĲԣҰһ˯ɳҺͺ˯Լ
˯ԱߣϵĲƺǴԱߺλôģѲʲôаĶ
һ˲󱳶ˣô£ҵĵѾԽԽˣΪŪ࣬ǿĿ־ĻͷȥͼëҵزţŴĲԴڴˡ
СӸòᱻ˰ɣ
ԽԽ£ͷֵͲͰ̽˹ȥһ̽
һһƿëͬʱֵͲһգһ˲ɵˣŵûͷһңҲɵˡ
֪ʲôʱӰѿˣ
СӸɶأҵĴԺզ˯
úݺһѾƨϣԵеΣһ˵ȵݸҵֽ𣿡
ģС治ǸҪû֣ǲǾĨӴˣ
ˣ߳ŭʲôѽ֮
֮飿磬ѾǸʿ𣿵ʿҲ£
˵ȫʿӿһɽˣ˵ˣӶԣ
죬ʰֽһӵͷ˯һ£˵һ治֪ԭʿֲʹӺһ£ֺٺЦʣҽ£ɶһڰôʿĻô಻ͬ
Уǹؿɶأ˵ѾҲ
粻ң˰Ҳͷˣ˸˵Ҽ򵥸˵ɣҪȫ桢һڣȫΪŹ涨ԲܽɽһûôأֻҪɶС
˵Խذ˰Դ˵Ҹţһ·ַɽʦƽʱͦƣǿɽʦˣΪħ֮ף
ôţ
Ȼ֪ϵͨˣͷһôͷҲе㾪ȣЦǺʣ磬ô˵Ҳɽ£ΪɶʦСôѽ
ȥȥȥ㶮
еΣ˵ʵɣɽĶ֪Ҽ¿ʼʦʹС㡢ĺΪңÿͻطסҲ֪ǶɶأʦɽԼҲӲԼĳ֪ɽʦ£俴ʦӡ֪ġ
磬ʦӡɶ
ʦŵɽʦʦӡʦ̳ഫʥҲֵͦģΪ˵ʦͳգҲ֪ʦǲҲûСǵһ֪¶ˣϰſɱϹ˵ȥ
ٺ٣ҵȻ֪˵Ҳûط˵ѽ
ЦЦʣ磬ղŻᵽʲôɽɶ
ʲôɽǷɽһɵɽʦһéɽëһԼɽ鱦һϧˣʱʿĶûˣéɽھ˵Щ֣ھ˵ǰѾˡ
˵ڰ˵ˣ˵ҲۻǸϽ˯ɡ
˵˯ɸ¾ſڴһҰֵ洫С׷ͺʦɣүѾˣ˵һ緹ߡ
һϵǣĶҼ͸Ͻϴ
ųȥһϵɳϸҰֺȲأһڳæȻģСûڡ
ϴʣ裬ϱأ
ϱء
ͷûص˵һӡ
תҪߣȻֽסң˵С׷ҽȥС㡣
˯أðɣ½ȥҡ
û˯ڡޡ
˵һҲ֪϶Ϊ
üתߣߵСķſڣŶûþŶ롣
һСһڴϵͷ飬ֻ׵úٿ˰ޡ
С㣬㣬û°ɣ
ӵ߹ȥСʣû̫ѾͷͻȻһŰ߷ɿ
Сֻ̧ͷ͵͵ɨһۣ˵һ֡
ϣ
һ֣Ҳܵ಻ˣ׵ϾͷͷСһ͡һЦ˳
һЦҲЦˣͷվڴ˵С㣬ҾЦʱÿӦöЦЦ
СЦһ£ЦôЩ
ҲЦЦ
ɨһ˵ȶ̵ģһ£𣿡
Yousay
뿪Լ뿪ңҲȥҰˡ
Ϊʲôʡ
ΪҲǸˣСÿ˶رã鷳ҲȫԷôǸأ
С㣬㲻ǻ˵Ļ͸ӦԼ뿪ˡ
ΪʲôС㾪ʡ
ðҵܸ֤ףС㣬֪ڲһֱǸ¸ҵŮóԼ
˵ʱС͵͵ɨһۣû֮ǰֲмĮˡ
תˣֹⶺ˵ˣҸ˵¶ϵʱ򰡣СۣڱﾹȻڡ
ԳԷˣ
һ˵һ룬ءһһ߿˽ԭСһֱ͵ء
ڵҿҲ˵ˣϽС˳ȥ
극֮ҰִӴ峤ҽһִͻȥʱǧĲᣬǸңǸС㣬峤һԼһЩһĻĴҲ͸Ϲе͡
˵Ļ뿪˴ӣҰֱֿӰ͵ĵſڡ
ȥϵҵģϵӦúúϢУȴִⲻϣ˵ԼǸԸǿӦһȥ˵ΪҪҪͨĶģĪˡ
͵ط֮Ұ־Ϳ뿪ˣһͷſһģûȻڣţʹϵʦͽ˽ȥ
磬û
һģҺһû˻ӦɴȽ˴һ̨ǰںƾƣһ磬һϣһǲǺû뵽ûأԼͳˡ
һ˸Ͻ˹ȥں米һģЦǺ˵磡Ҫæأ֮ǰĹȷһţ㡭
˵ʱͼ绺תͷ촽ףһķŭ͸˻˺һ
ǣˡ
绰һڣΧӰкȻ˼ʮŹӰӾͳϵΧ˹Щ˵ľֹ֮ǰƺЩͬԵЩӲң˵ĽŸǸ߸ġ


034 
ö˶˵ͻȻͱôһȺΧסǼ˶ɵˡ
ŵñС첲ʣС㣬զ찡
ȸɿûͣ
Сһۣ˵곯ȺΧǰһ粽˳ֳһŻֽ
ٱߣǰУ֮ܣƣ
ơһڣС˦ְѻֽȺΧġ˳ȥĶֽ֪֣ڿת˼Ȧ˵ϡ
ôûã
Сˣ˶ˡ
òˣôأ
ҲŵһУûеǿˡ
Ķ֪˵굱һԵڵأһһ
ӣӣ
СϽѺһ̽ϢѾû˺
ʦô죿
Сʻʱͼϵüͷ䣬Ȼ̾һ˵ĹҵҲá
ۿһȺԽΪԽڰ̨ǰȻתͷһЦٺ٣ΪʲôΪʲôǻǲ᣿ⲻƽƽ
ǻǴ˵ģ˵ʱϻûһӰ϶
ϣ϶
ҵһһͬһֵӰЩ죬ǲǵʱźϱŮ
ѵ˵ԩ
һȺΧмǶ֪ôźˣɾʱȻȺִһŭѭһͼӰѾȺзɱ̧ŵɽسǰһֱײȻǵⱣԺԱС¡
ԣС£ôҲڣ
ϻߣ
˵Ѿ̧ɽس嵽ǰɽسȺײһ·ϵһϽҰæ˳Ⱥ
ǵܴ󣬳ǰĴ滹мȣͨ칫Լڵİ䣬ɱС¡ԴǳȣͷһЩѾλƴӺ׷
С£ôҲڣ
˵أ⼸ûûص￴һͿ·ڴ硢˵ǡ
ʲôɺµģʡ
ǵ£Ǹ·߻վ϶֮ǰڵſСӣ˵²£
ΪܵŵĹϵˣ˵֪þ͵͵ܣĵǾȻȥ͸ſв㲣ǽƵģû취ֻȲȻߡ
Сº˵ʱϵüͷԽšԽ˵ȻĹû뵽ˡ
ϵ䣬ȻҲһһͨһ͵˵ϡ
壡
СŵһУϽϵһ̽ϢϵҲѾûˡ
⣬⵽ô£
˲ҲסˣС¸Ͻܹϵ˱ϣָǼǰܡ
һܾԺȻ˵ˣǿǸ·һΣ᲻йأ
ȥ
˵ԸϽܵ˲ǰ棬һָͼָĵطǽһŻֽǽ»һ¯żǮŻֽëմɰд֡
ˡ
֣ˣʲô˼
ԸհֶڣҲͨһˣСһŻˣϽŹȥԣôˣ
ɻû䣬ԼҲѾڵûϢ
СһɫÿˣСһü˵Ҳ¸йϵǧҪٶ
Һݺݵͷ˵ˡ
ʱһǺ˳ȴ̧ͷһЩ˹ʬѾһγǱƽ˹Ұһᣬ˵ҲûطˣԸƴˣ
ɲſŰ۵ʣҳ۵ʾӭȺȥ
ģŪǣ
ŭһ۵ʾǰͷˣ۵ͷϵһ˲ȴҵʲôϱһһûУҵɳԶһƨ˵ϡ
⣬ô£
Ҳ֪ʱȻһЦٺ٣Ǿͱˣûܶùˡ
һͷһͼһֱ̫ͦͦСı󣬾ȻǶӡ
ô㣿㲻Ѿ
û˵һ£еȻɣȻǵĵˣôһ˵֮ǰǸһα죬ֻ˭û뵽ӾȻûɢֺö˶˵سǵǰ
ӣôһסţСʱûȥҪң
ٺ٣˵ķԸұհ졣
˵ڶһΣ̻һӰʧգۼֳСǰݺһѾͶסСĲӣСڶӵϴ˼˼Ŷȴʹһ
˵ˣҪȥϵʦӡȡĻڳ˶ɢ
һӺСҵʱͼˣ۵ǰ塭
϶İСҷſҪȻ㡭
һˡһ˵ãֽɰд֣ˡ֮ǰֲһ˵Ƿֿ˵ֻҪ˵ͱɣҡ
뵽Ҿ;һ찵أ˲Ƥ̧ˣǰһڸҪ£ȻͼһӰಡһ˵ǰûҿ˭Ѿ̧ҶͷϺݴһ£һ£Ҿ;ñеĵطһʹɲ֮˶˲٣һȻҵϵ
Ҫ˵µ󣡡
˵ϵһ֣һֶֽӣƬ̼һҽУֽеһ˲ʱһŷɻҡ
壡
СպϽϵ˹ϵȴûҧָڵϻһѪӡѪӡһɣ߹Щ˶ǰˡ
ϵһ£ûСٷֿڵС㣬У󷨶˲Թ֮޷ʩչκι֮ЧֻҪײзӡھͻᱻǡ
үողѾ
ڴʱѾΪˡ֮ǿܼԳ֮޷ʩչѲʩԼٶʮ꣬λ֮ʩǡ
ϵ˵Աһָŷ֣ϵʬڲǰһǰϵϥ¾һƬޡ
壬ô˵ǹ
ԹΪҲǱλɢǣǿʩޡ
ϵ˵ʱɫѾԽԽףҲʼԽԽˡ
С㡢С뿪ٻҼңȡʦӡɽл䣬ˡ


035 ʦӡ
塭
ϵ˵СȻһԥ˵û̹ʲôл䰡
ţҷһɽ䣬жʦ䷨СֻҪǷͿᡭ˵ˣ󡭡
ϵ˵ƴȫվӭЩѪ۵סġͳ˹ȥ
˫䣬ϽÿǰһΧʬ⾹ȻԶңҺСϽȺûһĹϵѾС嵽ҹſڡ
֮ǰСº˵һǿŵģǸҪȥͱһεĲǽסʱͼϵƽǽһĥһŽɫĻǵεġǽһͼſƾճһѺۣϵְסĵطΧɢ
죡ȥ
ϵһ£ҺСѺһײһ˼ͬһʱײȥ˵ϡ
мǻʦӡǧС
ϵ£ҺСٻͷʱѾֳһְ͸״̬漴һĽէȻʧ
壡
СһǺڶҹѾûһӦҸϽСקƴǰ塣
ѾˣЩסʬȻ̤һǣСһͨ񱼣˽ӿڲŽ⳵С˽ׯ
һ·ϵ̫ƽ˳֮СҴææϻؼһСϽϵһҷûȥһǽȥҲﲻСæ׷ɱԺ˸ղӣϵſڵ
Ȼûãءһű˴˿žͼŹӰӳš
սʱ˶һİɿҿŸղſ֮ȫɵۣҲѾϳ⼸
Ǹź絽Ҽ͹ΣζҸ˿ӡ
ѽ
ͼͷСӿ֮Ͻ߬ԼĿӣսľ˵Ƕԩ޳𣬶ǿɲǳģ鷳õȥ˺
ǳģǳ˭ģһ˵
ǹҷӸˣǶҲ£鷳Ϊǡ
磿ǵĺѾˡ
һЦ˵ֵܣǵҲҲףм˵ǲţǵĺѾˣ˶ǷʩĸͲˡô˵𣿡
ſˢˢҡҡԴ
ãҲ˷ʱˣɣ
ȻЩ˶ƻˣҿûǽ͡
˵껰Ŷղӻλǰߣû˷ӦһղӾ˴ͷСͷϡ
ȥүİɣ
һͻȻĸ˲ˣΧҪңҳû̵һûһŭڵ˲ǲǣǰҲǻУӵģѽԲۡ
û˵꣬ʣ˾˹׻˵˫ȭѵ֣èɲһʱҲʣԴķݶˡ
Ⱥ˱Ͼģһת壬ĨһͷϵѪһһһקס˵Ľӣһק
ʣһͷ˱קˣҲûæָһ䡰Ѿġ˵Լ˷
ƴһͨȭкûôҪģһҸȦˣվҪȥ׷СӣûȶؾﴫһҽУճȥǸǶ˳ſھͷ˳ӡӡӡ
Сߵſڣϵɨһ˵ȶ̵ģô㱾£
˭˵ģӸѣĨѪЦǺ˵
С㶺ˣһ˦ӸҰʪתֻ
ӹʪһ˲Ҿ͸оĵůģС㲻޷԰أһȻ
ջأô˵ھͺˣҸæ̧ͷϿŷ֣ղųһûע⣬СѾԺǽϣԺӵקһںǰܣԺӸʲô
û׹СȻֳ嵽ſڣ˦ּӸһŵ˵ȶ̵ģĶúãʲôǧҪҵסٲл䣬һ㣡
С˵ʱſϡžžžʮֽû˵ͽ˷š
Ѿͷôˣ
ҵͷӹһ㡢Ǯ򡢼Żֽһʮ׳ͭǮͺɵͭǮЩ
ʱѾȫֵԺȻһ̹ǵ磬һһ£˲͸ʲôһϽȴӴóһŻֽû˵˶ͷϡ
Ժںģټ֮ǰ˽ʱԺţ˵ԺѾһԴʣˣֻͷ϶͸һǿЩ
о쬵ģ׳ŵӲͷȥҼλãһѩֲѪ˲ĺڰ¶˳
񡭡
ĵһۣҵȶˣ֪ôźãֳһͷȥߵǸµŮ磬԰׵Ѿֻһˣֶһֻ۾
Ȼˣ
޴ʱһײִӱСǰһͷһźڿ̫̫üƴϵݵײײ˺üζײȥڰоͼС֮ǰſϵķһְؽ
˵ѽΪʲôǻ۵һ
֮ǰקһ㹻ûˣȻۼһĶл·
ҶҶˣ˵ͷŻֽҲңȻôأǸǧ굤ûĺŮȴٺٵعЦ
ͷ滬
˵ʱһ飬Ͱʣô㣬ܿüң
ȻǷιõģֲǹ
˵ŻȻŴ쳯Ҵ˿ӶͷϵĻֽһˣŵøϽѻֽĴȻǷһ뿪ͷ̫̫ͺĿ׺ݵس˹
˵ˣˡ
ͷҲˣ԰ֽĶһ˿ĭʣλ㣬ǿЩǹã鷳֪һ
ֻħĶѽײŵĶ̫̫֮⣬Ůͺʱצس˹
ҿɶԸˣֻܱͷɾʱһӰȻءһԺֱǰŰӰŷĻ⣬˺Ůͺ񡭡
˱ŵˣӰѾҵǰ
Сأ
˻ͷһ˵￩һȻ
ϵ˻ûȬ˵ʱͷ󺹣ȻǾʹ̡

ͷٸͣȥС㣬ʦӡаС
˵˫ָֽзһۣŻֽһըŻ⣬Χֱ


036 
ͻȻֵЩ֪룬аǶ
ȫ޷һ֮ǰΪϵһ
ʱҲֻĻϾԼһ鷲ˣ°Ҳѡ
רĺͺŮҸϽСڵſڿ˹ȥ˳ִӵӾǸײŵ̫̫ԴңҹǹС㣬Ҿ㣬
ɸûҽӽأſںȻ䡱һ죬˲Ŷ
Щʱһǿˣӭһһƨɾ˵ϣһ¾ſڴһҽ̧ͷһſڵĶ̫̫˲ͱǲ÷顭
С㣡
дϲһһҲ֪϶Сˣ˳ŽſһȻƽ⣬̤Ű߳ľȻǸĿࡢȻɫ۵Ĵϵ
ţֱͭۡؿڣӡֳľһſڶȻһȡ
ʦڴˣа˱ܣ
һ𣬾͸ƵġˡһʹҵĶУ޲öŲȻת˲֮ɢˣһŭ֮ϵƾʧ٣ǻ룬Ļþ
ȥ󣬾ͼС㻳һŽӡ˳ڲŮȫס
С㣡
ȶ̵ģ
Сһתлһ˿㵡
ΪΪʲôҲ
ûش𣬵ͷС˹
㣬
СȻѣϽ˫öӡ׼ֺ磬㵽ʲôòƭȡҵΰɣ
С㣬֪ģҴСͲ̫ƭˣ䲻ƭ㡭
ͷ˵˵ʱȻһ㤵غУǸŮѾֽųСӭ˹
СֳֽӡȻŽӡһ䣬һ̳Ů˹ȥŮŵøϽˣбһɨС㣬ͷѾ˺飬꣬˺Ȼ˾˶һʼ
С㣬ôˣԱ߾̵ʡ
ʦүӡǷһԦˡС˵ʱ΢ʱܵƵġ
ɻûǻǱһֽдһϽͷ֪ʲôʱȻѾ͵͵ﵽǵĺ棬צسС͵Ϯ
С
һ붼ûͻС󣬵ȴСݺ˿ƴҧһӡɸ䣬צѾץͷϡ
Сģ
ɲǼ䣬׹է֣׹ɢѻСǰлֽ˦ӳ񾪻֮ߣءһըһŷɻҡ
ף硭
ȻСˣҾסˣСǾסˡ
Сûлͷȴҧáֱ졪
Ҹ˵ߣҪʬΣСߣҪҷ𡭡
ˡ
ԶĺŮһö˷ɻңֱɵۣΡΡ˵ˣҲӡ
ǹһʱͿڼȻѾˣûǵˡ
磬㡭
⻰С㵱ʣող˵ƭˣΪʲô֡
С㣬ȷʵƭˡڵҪӡ練ƣ˵㣬æϹһƣѽӡƭߣǿϧˣҡҲ̫˵ѣ䣬䲻˵ѡ
˵ŻʱɫȻЩ΢죬ƺԼҲЩΡ
С˵ʱһ˫Ȼ˽ӡü磬֪ҺãҲܲȶͺӣʦүӡҸʱ뿪㲻ߣҾⱦӡΪŻ
ŻһֱҼɹһ¡
ȻЦתͷոջͬ˲ֱˡ
С㣬֪˭Ҳ֪ҵʲôŻĲ㣬ңΪڡżҵľλòȻĶ塭
㣬˵ʲô
Сһ壬ּܿᶨŽӡ˵ͬΪıҲϻֻӵʱ
ЦҲСȴԽԽˣ˭֪׻᲻˺ǰԼ۰мӵĸ硣
һ
һָһڣСȻһһҪ£ĽӡҲˤ˳ȥ
С㡭
Ķܿ죬üֱȫһ׹һ嵽Сǰһ§סͬһʱһʦʮ˷ΪʥıӡˤڵϹԶ
û°ɡŵʡ
㣬㵽׶ʲô
Բ𡣡
죬ССŵڵأ߹ȥץӡ˵Ĳƭ㣬Ҳ֪ôƭ㣬δⵢ˴£ոմԴסʱ͵͵㱳˵
˵̾˿ûƭС㣬Ҳû˺С㣬СѾ˵÷ˡ
Ҳ֪᲻ýӡԸңңôġ
ֵͷ˵ûýӡԸңңҾ;ƭһԣҪýӡԸңôҲóȻ֣ǴСһ𳤴ϰ߱˽⣬̫ˣ֮ǰܻӵĿǻᣬڷ䣬һʱ֮ʱʧȥж
㡭ƭӡ
ûƭ㣬ֻǲ˺㡣εͷֱֹ˻µĺӡ
˵תߣߵſںȻתͷɨһۣ˵Сӣ֪»ǸѾСһˣĵڶΣҲһᣬ֮ԽԶԽãҪ£һ֮֡
٣˵СҲ湻קģôˣ˵ĸǼƵģѾ͸С㱨
ЩҲ룬ûֱ˵ϾҲɵӣڸҾ
ӡ뿪֮󣬺ҲʧˣҸϽܵС߰СڿޣӤһĳ
ȶ̵ģôѽӡˣû취ȶˡ
һһ⻰Ҳ֪ôشˡ
Ĭ֮С㣬ȱܽӡˣңʲô취
ңҲ֪
С˵ˣʩһʿͬҸ֪ôƽ⡭ˣ䣡ҶĵϣȥҲ鿴
һ˵ҸϽѵ䱧˳ǱǵȲ״飬СԱһҷɸûͷ
ؿ񷭵ʱҲ֪һҳȻһǩдС֡
ûã


037 ֻ
ǩС㿴˵С㣬ɶ˼үƽʱ鷨
С㿴굱ü˵Ҷδ֪Ӧҵġ
ģզ֪ҸϽ
СƽʱûֻϷã⻰ּҶдģӦдҵû
ǾͲдģ
ʣƽʱѵ𣿡
Ϸ棬ϲŮˮŮعӡŮֱŮ㻹ʲôġ
Ҳ棿ǲŮǾڵ𣿡
˵Ů࣬ø󡣡
СҰȥĶСû˵ֻұߣ˵ָ·
Ҳܼþˣһ·˽ׯСұӱߵһɽ
ɽ·ߣұСһ㶼ۣﻹůģһ·ϵɽƽɽͷ¶һɽ£ͱżСľݣС˵Ұ־桱
һϽӿ˲СľʱС˵С㣬۰ǲоȵүķ
Ӧǣ۰Ҳǵųҡ
û˵СȻһ㶣Ҽҧһڣŭ˵ȶ̵ռұˣ˭۰ˣҰ֣
У֡
ҺٺٻЦ˵ɱ˵ռˣڶˣҪռ˵ĻӶһˡ
ҹ֮ܶһ˱飡
˵˵ЦЦߵСľſڣģһ㶯ûУС㣬Կأ
СžһԿףƽʱҶ߬ţһ²ɽ
˵ɹˣСϵ׸ŶԣĶаԼ׸ɽϡһֹŮ̽ģ׼Ҳи̰̽
ҳĬʱСƺҵ˼̾˿˵ȶ̵ģ֪϶ҲأһҰǧ¡ҲʣһʱҸͲףԺл˻˵ġ
ǺðɣûԿҿ˰
߰ɡ
С˵̧ȾߣĶ֪һûأȲСİСӱϷȥ
һҽͼСɽϴ˺üõ۰˸ҸϽȥҪٱȴľﴫ㡱һ
ôУ
һ£ֲֹǵҰִ̫ˣǷɽз˰ɣ
ĵϽȥ춼ˣһżҶͺأ
ҵͷߵſڿʼţľſʧˣһȥءһͿˣûľأһŨҵζӭ˹˵СֵǷʲôֳȦס
ұСߣľںĶҾֻһӣܣʲô趼ûУֵͷһ̵һ㵾ݣĶʲô˵Ӱ
ʱͼŵһ⵾ݺȻһ£ŴӵһֻŴǵİɽ
ɽƺǲӱ˩ס޷
С㣺С㣬أ
СûңֻҰ¡
˿ɾĵطСȴ˵ˣǰֻɽĬ֮󣬲ſ˵֣Ҷˣû뵽羹Ȼа·
һ⻰ҵʱɵˣһֻɽڲݶеسŲݡ
ССѾ˰ɡ
ָֻɽ򾪺ԱҲôԼѽʵڲҸƥҸࡢֻϻʵڲҸҲð
ֲˣ
Сһ˵죬ûͱġ
ûңʼֻɽ⼸ֵǣС˵ֻɽƵģվߣûֱϵӸקסˡ
СϽһʹɫ˵죬Ұɿȥ
Ŷá
ͷͿسɽ˹ȥһһֹС㰡С㣬㻹һѪֲܾô
ߵɽǰҶ¿ʼⲱϵףεЦ˵ˣû뵽µһμ棬ĴæҲûɶһ㡭
ɽҲûңһ⿪̾ͳС˹ȥΧСתȦ֮Ȼֳ˹ʼǶԳϹ
߿߿Ūɣ
е㲻ͷˣһֱֺ岻ߣ̧žߣϾ϶Сְ֣Ǹˣôֻأ
С㼱ˣ˵˵ʲôأҰҪѻĶó
Сһ˵һȻ򣬶԰֮ǰСʱڲҾͰǱˡ
뵽ҸϽѵȥ˳˰ɽǰ
ɽƿ˵䣬ʼС󷭣һˣ˵ܹרҵѵôţῴ顣
ܿ죬ɽѵ䷭һٶҳҳϵ˼£ҡ㡱һ
죡дʲô
С˵ҵͷŰɽӵĵطʼһ䡢ƽ䡭л䡭ϡʧǷ
ҸɽȻҶ͵ء㡱һһݺݵһָۣүҪδҷǵǣߣȥɡ
أСԱ߼ЦҵˣԣǷǻǷ쿴Ƿô⣿
һ˵ҸϽּ¿ҵǷƽⷽ⻯Ƿһ˯һӱʮ꣬òǱá
ȶ̵ģǲΪ治Ҵ㣿
⻯Ƿ䷨жһšŶ룬һЦ֮򡭡Ϊ
ҳСһ˵С㣬үⱾĵɣҲо˵ķ
㶮ʲôǵŸνֳƷ壬ֻһʿΪڵĵ壬һֻһֿɼΣеķ˵꣬ǷĺġƳ䷨ڶģһ˸߱ôߵΪ̬ԶҲãڶַʲô
䣬
ֿʼȡβݡСһ䡭ʺȺáɡӡ
˵Сֱɵˣգգʣأ
ûûզզ졭
ĿⲻԼͬͷԱ߳Բݵİɽ򡭡
ʱɽᡰ㡱һڵһɲ¶һʳ¯ʺεͷ˵׵ŮȺġ
Ҳ˲ˣСϵУһһҧ
ãȥЩС͹βңҳԡ
ҲҵϽܳȥҹβݣ⼾ɽҰҰݣûҾͲɻһѣСľǽϾͿһСιģҸϽץһѣȡЩʺյϵķʼ
ʯͷʺأɽȻƴ˳ǹһ̧֮ϻһͼ


038 
е֣ΡΡҲ֪ʲôһƺһ˵Ķ
ҶİɽͷЦǺ˵Ǹң⻭ɶѽ
ҺǺɵЦɽҡͷԵֱţȻסҵ½ǾͰСľק
Ҳ֪ʲôһǷϵĻ˽ȥľһСڵһ̫ˣȻ˯ˡ
ɽקǱԱߣֿʼӷ飬ҳȻһۣʼָҳϵһݣƺҿ
һۣҳıдһд֡
ڤϡӡ
һС֣ͬڡ򻯼Ϊһ
ɽҿʲô
оأСӺ洫ȶ̵ģ㿴Ҳ׿
ɶ˼ʡ
ΪҵķСѧ̿顢˭ѧ𣿡
С죬Ӱ˵Ķô򵥣ϵĸַӡ͸һʿĹ߶ѣ㲻޵֮ˣǿˡҲȫûЧ͸ˣһ
ӴСҲ̫Ʋ˰ɣһҪѧأ
Ǻǣ㣿ҪѧĶ˵ҲĵǻСɶѣĻ붼룬ϽģԹԸŪҩȥ
Сһּ˯ûվߣ˰˵ŪʺŪʺŪҩ
߳ȥ֮ûһҾŵϵķѡҩˣûȺýСԣ˵֪ҩڣǿǰС㻹ǸŻ˰죬ȥţĸ˷Ƶġ
ԣ˷ˡ
Сҩ֮ûϻظֱһСʱ𽥻ָ̧ˣֵСʱܲΡΡվƺѾָòˡ
ܸǰһұʱѾʮˣŪЩľ˶ѻСڰɽԱߡŵϸ
С㣬㻹ĥʲôأۻ취ϽȥȵүͺɣԱ߿Щ
Сȴҡҡͷ˵ӡˣʲôȥȣ
Ҳ޶԰ɣѲһھͶˣ
㶮ƨ
Сһָۣŵ﷭ҳ˵ڵмأ
С˵塢㡣ſвɣͬСɡлֽһź˴ʾ䣬ϴӡڲߴɣػУҹʱҷ𲻵
Сʣɶ˼
ǹļغͽܣ˵˴˽ɴͻᱻУҹʱǾͻҷ˾ҲȲˡȶ̵ģǼ㣿
ʮˡҿ±˵
˵ͼСü˵ҹʱΪᣬˮ̩֮ʣ֮ΪҲȫصʱʱ11㵽賿1֮䣬12ʱ£Ҳ˵ǲڽʮǰȳҶǣǾˡ
ǣǿϽɣ
˵ŸϽվСȴקסң˵ȱż꣬滹һЩס
С˵ֽΪ󣬷ħаã߱Ϊɺ賤У
ɶ˼ʡ
˼˵Ϊǵҵ󷨣ħ޷ģΪֻּ֮˲ܹô󣬶ú֮󣬲ǲ뿪ڵģĻԼˡ
˵˰죬⵽ʲôãʡ
㲻ȶ̣ȱң
Сһ˵룬ǻؼȡʦӡʱ˭
һ˵оǸʦˡ
ճڣһȻ
С㣬ΪʲôڽׯµģҪ뿪󲻾ˣ
СһЦ㻹̫ɵûһɲĲˣܹж硣
ˣ˭Ѳаף
˵Сҡҡͷ˵Ҷ˽⣬СУа׸˺ֿܺСǿһЩ񡢶λҰ֣Щаˣ󡭡
Ķбˣ
⻰һڣԼԼжϣһ˵ԣ˵ﻹбˣ硢绹кЩ£ⲻǻ𣿡
յ˵ǱˣɻĻǣҲǲܡ
˵С°ͳ˼һ£ֹôˣ˭Ĳأ
СԥʱҺٺЦ
ɵЦʲôСһʡ
ٺ٣ҺеüĿˡ
Ц˵С㣬ողҲ˵ˣ뿪ˣ룬һѡһܵܵ˳еôҪɣôл֮У˭û뿪أ
˵СҲЦˣպõվߡ
ߣȥˣ
ҸҪȥİɽȴ㡱һС̶ͣסˡ
ͷһʣС㣬۰զ죿
Ұ֣
Ŷզ죿
СأɽȴѾԼ߳СľݣǵԼıŮһɽȥ
Сһ£ǣһ߰ɣȻԼҲġ
ӦһСǰߣںǣɽ
ɽֻ˽ׯСȻһ˼ңϵȡһЩرķֽ֮󣬴򳵾ֱ
ҲǱɽ̫ˣɽ·˵磬ټͻȻôе㺦£⳵·ֱڳϡãһݻû꣬һһݡ
ԱǣеΣһڸϵС˵С㰡ҹƵ¶ֲǱҰִϡģС
Сһˣ˵ٺ˵һ䣬һŰӳȥŲţ
һ⻰ҸϽ죬Ψһ춯ʣ´Ӱɽβ洫ء˾̲סˣϽ򿪳
λӣڼǷʰҳ￪ɻˡҿ׼ȲߣҪƨ̸ߵ㣬Һ󵲷粣ˡ
ŰСʱĹ򣬳⳵ſڷǣСſûأ͸оһһҲ˲Ϻˣһǣߡ
ﻹ֮ǰʱһȽ˴ͺͬڰ̨ǰعͷ
ϸһȻεӱ˿סˣȻˣ˵ǸϵĹ


039 
һҺСȥˣϵĺһ֣ӴΧӰֺһΧһȺ¡
Сһ㶼û£Цһ£Ժ˵磬ǼȻһ˵ǣҸһʹ򣬲úô˵ǲǸý˳ӣ
ٺ٣֪˭ںϵ˳ӺٺٹЦ
Ҳֹ֪˭һ֪㡢˵㸽ĺ磬ɵ֪ʲôȻҲ׾Ϲġ
˵ˡ֣
⻰һڣСԼͬü
ʣеĽɴʻ㲢á
ٺ٣ʹˣ˽ҽ麣岼ʱͶ˵ˣʲôˣд˽ɻᱻǣһ㣬麣µģ⻰ҽĿ˵ģ˵ʵңǸѣЧġ
һ˵ҲɵؿʼСȷʵ˳ӵĹ긽麣麣󣬶긽麣ϣ˵ʲôֻǽ麣Ŀڶѣ󷨶ȫûЧֱ޷졣
Ĭһ˵˳ֵܣ˵ͺǺֵܣھȻеΥɣ
壿ʲô˻壿ΪʲôΪʲôҺ϶麣ȴû£麣һģıȴܲӲӺţ
ŭʱһԵҲ߶׼ȷ˵磬Ǹϵ϶
ΪԹ޺ʹȻѾΪ˲ֶԴԩȻҪȰǻͷӦǲˡ
ʱ˳ֶݺ˵ģʵллң˵ô໰ѾʴˣȻĻѾˡ
˵һЦӰ̨ϰдֵĻֽץֺٺЦ˵ȷʵ˼ʵұֽκεֻ֣Ҫ˵д־ͱɣٺ٣Ҳֻдѣúõǣǲøл𣿡
˵һ㶣Цһ˵ԭ淨и顣۽ǷǵƲɣô
˵ʱСԱߺݺһ£ҿһۣѾðһͷ亹Ҳһֱûĺð취Щ֪롣
˳ЦˣһִӰ̨ץպɰı˵ðʲôҶȫ㣬ЩɶЧֻĸѣ˵Ҷ㡭
С
ָһЦ֣ѽô
һһڣ϶˳ӶЦ˳ЦСҿǷˣ⼸ʮֵܶǸϵĹͶЧи޷ʩչ֮ͷҵֵһӵϰǴáѽѽҽУǲ»
˳ЦʱСҲˣֱҺϺݺһģСӵվıߵģ뺦ǲǣ
Ҳˣ˻ȥүǶ˵أǶұ죡
Ȼˣ⻰ĴְСһš
һһ˵֮ī֣Ҳд
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˳ӵȻȫ޹ǣʾŻֽ֡ѽ
дʣǲھЧ
ԣֽϣʱЧ
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ҵͷûЩʬΧأС㲻Ϻݺһ¡
С㵱Ȼû뵽һ־ٶֺݡۣҺݺһ۵áѽһгһڣԼסˣڶ϶˳ӶԵһ¡
ȣȶ̵ģʶﵹʮѪùˡ
Сҧ˵⻰ͨһض
۹
϶˳һ̿ЦģӶѵļӵϵĻǵһμЦˡ
ЦҲЦЦŻֽϾͶĸɶţŶˣ㣬ˣѽ
㡱ֳ֮Ҿ͸оһͷĿѣһҲȥʱ͸оǱסһ˲䱻֮˳
һľ֪֮ͷһԼһſڵϣȫϢߵС㣬ͽвͬͬɡ
ɾʱСݺݵȻұȶ̵ģúúˡ
ɱʮ㣬ŵҸϽͷһ԰ʰ͸״̬С۲ҵһתһ;ͳҺ˹˵Ҳ֣־Ȼҵ壬򲻵ҡ
ʱ˳ڰ̨ЦǺǣǾͱٴˣԹɹǲǱĻǶѣκεĹԣٺ٣ֻҪʮһǾͱˡ
⻰ϵȷʵҲ˵ﱻǻǣǲͬġ
򲻵ңС㿪ʼҴûһŮԵֵزֱܰһ
ЦУͼڰ̨ԵͺȻ΢΢һ𣬽Ӱǵ˳϶˳˱ģ
Էȫû˽ǵѾˣ麣ҲûҪ˰ɣ˳Ц˵
˵϶ԱһͷҲݺЦ
ٺ٣һһǣƾʲôȴܼţⱾͲƽ
뿪壬ͺ绹Եúһĵģ̱ȴ޷
ʱһֱԱ߷ۻֵİɽȻ㡱ؾһһʱˣ϶˳תҪ硢粱ûע⵽ңһͳŲ̋˹ȥ
嵽̨ǰʱ˦־ʹԱһذףӵ̡֮
⣬СΪʲôյ
ɨ˵϶˳һСҲں澪סˣɸûǷӦĵѡ͡һ˺Ĵ
ѽҲ
ú۵һУѽָһڣڰ̨ϵŻֽ̡һȼԱ߶澪ɫ˳һЦ
ֵܣοǺ籾˺ġ
㣬㣬ⲻܣΪ˻ǣΪʲôյΪʲôˣ
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˳һۣѪ˲צؾͳ˹Ȼû˵أһԶĻֽѡžһĶͷϣ˳ӵ˲ըɢһŷɻɢ
϶ƲþܣɷǵϵѾסȥ·żһأͼϵ˫ֳӡһ˦ۣʮŻֽɵأһŻ⣬Χʮȥ
ȶ̵ġ
СŵܵǰȰһ¿˸飬˵㣬㵽ôģ
ٺ٣˽̵з


040 ҹ
С˵ĹϵѾѵɢ˼ʮֻĹ»ҰһŻֽ֣Թɹ϶˲Ҳըɢһŷɻҡ
ϵһϽ߹˵Ǳ𶯣ͰǾл꣬ǻ
ϵ䣬ҺСԼ硢С¡Ե˵Ļһθסһ˸Ե֮УſʱѾָ״̬
ûȫָС͸Ͻ˹ȵضҿ˰ʣȶ̵ģ⵽ô£ǧпķû뵽Ȼˣ㵽ôģ
ûҴأڵȴϵͷҲ̧˵СӣһζӡĽϴʩһӡչ񡣡
ǡ
ҸϽͷϵ۹۱ǡǹۿڡڹģĴָʳָȦʣָ߬ȭְֽס
һ˲䣬͸оһ˳Żȥҵ𽥻ָĳһ
־Ǳƿӡȶ̵ģΪʲôʩƿӡ
С㿴ҵľٶһ̾ЦЦ˵ٺ٣㻹ǵľʱקҽݿ𣿡
Сͷû˵
˵ҽȥָ֮ŵһݸҿҲûҪѧһ˵ѧҲѧᣬҲ̫ƲˣҾͰǶݸˣʲôţʲôӡ
ڤϡӡϵԱ˵
ԶԶԣ
ҸϽ˵ͷ˵ҲѧģɸҩʱһΣ˵ͦãҿҲûʲôð취ͻȻᵽʩӡ󣬾⣬嶼䷨Ҿһ£˵ˡ
˵С۶ֱˣֹôأڤϡӡҵžűӡ֮һ꿪ʼ޵ڶղˣһȴ
˵һ룬СȻȵϵɻƺϵеõĽ
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Ҳϵһ٣ѾȻɽ٣ǾͲٺˡ
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ڵϢʱ硢żʮ˰ѵʰһ£Щ׾ͱֵܶǲɢ֮麣ҡ˹ҵԵеΡ
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˵ûһشأϵԱЦ˵麣˵ǻмҪæء
ɣ˵ˣǾҵڻؼҰϱҶɣᶨ˵
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ڽôˣҲǸˣһתһͷ˵ģ麣ûо˶࣡ͶԱֵܳȥңһһĻ񣬾ڵҲ
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˵ŻѺקһüһһþƺòˣСºڰæ;ߡ
ӴڵڣȷʵʲôûأС˵ʺ˵ӣһǰһӲˣ붼ûͿˡ
硢ҲûкԡС¾ͳ
֪翪ҵǰӣĲ˻ǵһΣζ治һ߳һ߾⹧ά˼˵磬տ治
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˵ʱ˺һۣһľЦ˵û£ҹ˭ҵĳ͵ܽģǮ£˵Ҳ֣ôʲôĶУèģ˵ģģͲˣ
˵꣬硢СºԺôЦһЦһ߳ԣԵĿˡ
һ˿ĭֹҲûҲϾҪˡ
ֵܣɱˣˣڻûءԱЦ
˵칫ҵͻȻ˿ͼС첽˽ȳ°˵ȶ̵ģҶȥ¡
ûһӦأСһ۶ˡ
ӴôóԵѽɶˡ
ûӾһԺһ߳һָżĶʡ
óԣʲôˣ
Уб⡭
Ҳóԣʲô
ȻȻ⡭
أ
⡭
أ
ɽҩ
Ӵлأ
̣⡭

Сÿӳ˼֮ȻԵסˣգգۺȻһۣʵΪʲôⰡ
һָ硢˵Ӱˡ

֣
С۶ˣһѾͷҪ쭣׼ʱϽȥ
ţүء
һţˤӵӸֲҽУ칫ϡﻩҳһţ˵ԼܵĿ죬ҪȻСƾͳɹѸˡ
ӵſܳȥһϵ·ߵأ߹ȥûϵ˵εͷ˵үҵȸҵϢݺȥˡ


041 źƽ
Ϊ˵ϵ϶ÿޣû޷Цˡ
үЦʲôǿ׸ѽ
Ǻǣһ˵İְǲСĸס
ǣ
һ㶣ϽʣΪʲôһֱֻаְ֣
аְֵҲûСĸѾʧ˶꣬ʧǰΨһǵĶֻɽ˵С㸸һý飬СĸףҲСĸס
Ҵ߰˳ɣĥһʣүСİְһֻԼȻҲǼ򵥽ɫɣʲôˣ
˵ҽҲΪ˴¡
ϵ̾˿Ц˵СӣҵݣӺҲ˵˰ɣ
ҵͷȷʵ˵һЩ˵ǵʦʦˣǿʦӡ֤ݡ
ϵЦҡҡͷ˵СӣʵҲǣʦգʦӡֻŵļ̳УһģôǼ̳أ
ǣʦӡô
ֻɽһƽ٣ӴŲţǵħħ
ϵ֪ô˵Ĭһ¾͸ҽ
ϵ˵ŵ괴һéɽƷɽΪڷ֮ףŵһٶʮ𻯷һ𽥷ѣɽΪڣżҼɽơʦӡ󡢾־Ϊ
żʦһҲżЩյӣܵʦӡŴӲ⴫
ϵ˵ԼɽʦѧգɽʮĴűΪͽʱ򣬵Ҹϵûôû䣬ɽµϰյŨһзǿѧϴͳš
ϵ˵ʱǵĻԻ˶ѣһлħʿɣһοǰ֮֡
˵ʱϵ̾˿ĿвỨ
ѾǶʮǰˣɽ֮УéɽȲⶾ֣λ˽éɽ׻ʧԷΪĸϮɽħԴ𼣣ɽΪһݵ㣬շһǰսʮλħָʮսڵʮˡҲҵʦŴ߻ħħʦű£ֵܺɱ֡
һпϵְ̾һ˵һս֮ѾɽһҲ޴ˣʦ֮ǰʦ̳˵ıӡֵܱܣеһݴʦ֮λͬŴƵӡҲϵĵʮһɽӣֻϣǺӳʰɽԻ͡δǺɽ󱻳׷ɱֲΪʦ̳˹ԼļգɽȡһΪգӴһֱߡ
ϵ˵ʱһȻ򣬾ʵ˼ǡԭӦţɽʦļ̳ˣ
ϵٶȵͷ
ȻǽӡôΪʲôҪСĸ׾ʮ꣬Ϊʲô𱨣
ΪĻˡ
ϵʮ꣬Ҵ֮˵Բҽҽû뵽ϧΪռ֮ҺСĸ׾һֱΪɱˣݴʦ֮λܰʦӡһ֮ˣ˽ⳡ顭
ôСĸأʡ
ɽʱҴΪ׷ĳȥ֪֮䣬ֻּһ棬ֻһʱ뿪ˣʱֻɽʩý֮ĿΪۣػԼŮɳɣϧֻ򡭡ѾǵĶ
ϵ˵ЩΣûؾͳģӦǵһˡ
ϵȴЦˣ֮ǰһɨ⣬˵Сӣҽʵ˵Щ£Ϊүүǲǣ
ǡ
ն˵үү壬ʱǴϧǰûˡ
˵Żأһ󼱴ٵؽŲͻȻӵﴫϵͷһͼȳ˳۶˴ˡ
ҡνѪһϽҾеֵ취ɣӷˣٲܹǵðѵ˲ɡ
ҰһЦ˵ܣôܣ˼Ұְָ⣬ܷŹǣ
ֻһֻˣ
ί˵ˣ֪и򳡣ɽУھȥֻ
һȳһҡ˵תߣں߽ס˵硢磬ƵģҽȥҽԺɡ
ʲô
һۣش⼸ûٴ򣿶ϰˣ
һҪȥе㲻ģϾճô£ѱ˵鷳ȻҲͻһаʽǺôܱһ°ɣ
뵽ҾͶϵ˵үҪİɣҸȥһˣҲȥȰȰС㣬ǸҸ°֡
úúãȥɡ
ϵվתߣȻͷҲص˵ϾҲʱˣɰ㶨
ү˵ɶ
һ䣬ϵûңЦͽ˵ȥ
ûҲûĳȥ˵Ǽ򳡡
򳡲ûڽһӱϣǸܴԺӣдšءĸ֡
Ѿʮˣ˼򳡵Ĵ͹ˣ˳֮硰顱˰ţǸû˿ǿӵ˯ˡ
һû˿ţ硢˴ģһ֮󺣸˵۶ǻϵģҪֱ͵ɣ
ҿУʵڲ͵Ƿ¼ٿǮҲа
˵̧ͷϿǽͷ׸ߣ滹ΧŰ׵˿ҪȥʵҲ£һ磬ˣزǽȽȥţһŴأ
һ£⣬źٺЦ磬Ҫ˴θӽȥɣк棬ֻҪʱα𷭣϶ۡ
Ҳȥв
緸ԥ˵׶ߵǽӽȥ˵ôģҪԴ˵أһͷզ죿
Ķôɵ¶
ԱߺٺЦ˵˵˺磬˺ü㶼ûǽɱģ棬ʣ
ʵˣĥһͷҲԣУӰɣ
ʹ˸ɫ̧ʹһӣ㡱
ҹĻ£ͼڿնеʵ۳սսħȵζ
ڿպ󽫽÷ɹ˿ԺȥʱһûУֱĴ磬˵⼸ˣƿصã
Ҳ԰ǽƤȥ


042 
׶ߵԺǽôģ֮ǰСһˣǽͷѾ۵ˡ
ǽͷϵ˸̣ںǽһأ
һϢСУ磿磿
ɺɤ滹ûκεĻӦƶʱ򣬾ǽµӰﴫһ
öһ
һϽֻ˳ǽǽգŷ֣ԭǽ¶һѡ
ֳﲻ򣬻ţѵĲţ࣬˵ֲһǽͷŵһɳζԭԴ
ϸһڷѵмλҵˣȥʱǶյĻͦ׼ȥʱ˸ͷ½һͷ˷ϵֱӱûˣϾͻ¶εС̥ҪǺһֱýϣǻ淢ֲ
ɨһʣ磬զ죿
ȥ˵ɡ
˵һʹǽȥƫںεһ˷˵ϡ
ҽҲǽ˵ҪȻкεʯȥ˺磬һȣε֮Ķ˷ʣ¸ż¶ˡ
ø취קΧҲûʲôõĹߣû취ӵϼ˸辣׼λ֮бͱ˸̴ģһ侮ʯֵܲ
磬ӶûУҪЪ͵ֻȥ͵취㡭
ҵԴƵţ湻˼
磬ֲû㣬ⲻͱ˸أżȥȥͻء
Ҳûð취תߣźھͽֳȦ
ȦܴɢֻȥһһƬƬǰ׻ġ
ϸһȺɽǲһģһۣ˵úСֳʲôţͷңҸһģһġ
˵С˵ͷһȺȺɽ￪ˣֶСվһӽŵþԱܣû취˵ϣڵСӽŻȺ
ȦȻ࣬ǸôӢĵûмֻͷ˰죬ҺȻһ̧ͷһ۾ɨǰȺֻɽǱǷǴëͷԱߵļֻɽ߳˰ͷ
ֻ򱳶ţ˿иܺ棬ŵĵطΧȺԶֳһСξ룬͸ҿƵģԱ߼ֻɽɪɪط˵ĪֻȺϴ
ҸϽӺ˹ֻɽûע⵽ң־קǰץס
ɸһקꡱһɽĴӦϣק
⡭ô¡
һ㶣ûȷӦأֻɽѾеתͷɫһһ£Ķɽ򰡣˵λһ۾ӻ죬͸һΨһͬϳ˰ë
裬ѽ
ŵһҽУһƨɾ˵ϣҵĽϽܹôˣҲ˲±˷ˣŵؽеңҿһֻ򡭡
˵ŻҰֻ
¶ֵǲ̫ڿˣ
ôأҿ
׳ƽ˲٣ǰһͼֻֻʣһֻǵѾȺߵդϣƺ뿪
磬ǶأʣһֻǵǸ
ҸϽһָ絨Ӵ˵Ⱦͳֻ˹ȥûդ﷭ȥǰһ˾Ͱ˵ϡ
һֻդһҲˣҸϽܹȥһ˹ˣƺͲģֻǶһѪûУǵĸܿһĲ
Ѳֻ˼ٰģ
һ뵽ҲˣϽסʱҲѾֻһѽһզˣ
ҿǸˣװŽ͵ˣ
˵Żȥ޶ϵëŰƤק®ɽĿ
Һݺһץȴֻץһëžһҽдֻﴫ˳ѽѽˣҵķͰ
һ˵ˣҸȷ϶Ǹ˰ˣ޶һëСװͦѽëճôʵ˵ѾǲС͵
һһ޶ë۵ֻʣҽˣ޶˼ѣȻͣסһ
һϽңСôˣ
磬㿴
˿ĭһʱԺһƬհףҲ֪˵ʲôǺˡ
˳ҵһһƤëѾҸ޶ˣ¶һðѪĶƤ
һҲȦˣԥһ˵ֵܣòֻɣ
ոպ񿪿˵˻ˡҾŵ˵
⻰һڣֻﴫһЦ˵˻Ͱ
ʱԶ֧һֵͲžѵıС鲽˹˭˭Ƕأ
һˣֻһ߿ſܣҲҺˣһӦæ׷˹ȥ
죡֣ץס˵
ǰܣں׷ֳ׷ǣһ׷һϾ֮ܵǰǵط
ǰһѾӷ˳ϵţأһֻ˹ȥϽ磡죡ץס
Ҳûۿֻܵǰ־ץû뵽һʹߴ˹ȥһϣþһȻ׶ߵԺǽ
һ˵аֻ治
׳ʲôҲˣһҪܣ۶ˣǰۿžͳ嵽ǽ£Ͻʣô£
磬һ֮
û߹ȥһںؿϣͰ߻˷ŲźһܣҲǽ
ҵȻҲܺˣϽҲѧƲźǽֱɸھͼı׷ŻˣϽҡѾܡ
ǱһǽˣҲ֪ץˣǸıĿ꿪ʼ׷εģѺһҡһֵ߬ں׷ΧԺһ׷𡭡
ûбץסǾͲ֪ˣǽͷʱֻǽҪһһѾͱסץһˤڵأԴݺݵʣ˵㵽Ǹɶ


043 ֮
磬˵ǧң
ֻ簴ֿʼ˵˻ˣҳûܹȥϸоһ£ϵƤëȷʵģǶԴð齺ճȥ֮⣬طȫûŪٵĺۼ
ϸһһģһһһ˵Ķ䣬ҲͬŰëϸ˭Ϊһֻ
ʱ˵λ磬ҲǶֳװϳԣǾ͸һ·ɡ
缱ˣֱӸһȭͷʣīȸ㵽ʲô
ֻһͷȻ˵ˡ
ʱֳԺƵƵǸĽƻأһһֱ˼ǽҲ¶һһǸǶץס͸˵磬繻˼ǣסԷˣǸϽܰɡ
һ룬˵Ҳǣô죿
ȥ
Ҵô֣˵ԼʲôҲ֪ȥү֪
һһڣͻȻ̧ͷʵ˵ĸүǽׯ
ԣϵһ¡
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ô˵ˣȻҲˣҲûܺ磬Ƕ̧˳翪ǻ˵
ͣڵſʱͼСſڿأϵԱЦǺȰС¡Ժͺں棬СֱѪ
ͣóСŵò³ˣٰ򣬺ϵڳڣֻ̧˳
ڳ˿ȶˣ̧³ϵǰһӣҸϽʣүֳײôȴʲô
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Сûطأ⻰һڣվݺһţǸʲôҶ壿
ϵϽȰֺͣЦ̧˵ȥԼֽ֮Ӹ˿ŰЦǺ˵ȷʵþòˣ㻹𣿡
վһ֫Ȼѿë׵ҲЦϵ˵ҺòãҲСŪǿŷֻزԻ磬ŪÿֳϣֱʹڵãҶֳַԺüˣֱ˸һŪˣϵǵʲô˼
ⶼעģȻǣǾ˵Ѿκǣһˣ㶼㲻
ϵ˵ҴչȥʣүǸʲô˲ģϸŸӣ󡭡
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С㿴һۣҡҡͷ˵壬Ķְ
СҡҡͷӸҿ˾ͬĻС㿴ϵã
ҿһҲҡҡͷȷʵϰֽһţʲôֶûС
ʱԱ˵ɣֶʶ£ů£
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ϵһЦ˵¹䣬г²ϲһ֪ôӡ볯ʱ·ӣһӾ˵ڵ͵ʳԽɱ֮һ˵˻˵ͯΪ±ô߰ԡһȥץӣӻһҰߣȥֻѾˡ¹֪£ɴɽѲ±ץסƼ𲽳Ϊ֮һƼץܿ컯Ϊһʯ¹˽ʯͷڳ²֛Fμ֮䣬²֣ҲǺ
ϵ⻰һȣû뵽Ȼôţ
ʱͼϵָֻ˵㺦˳±ߵۼһֱ׷ɱҪ㱨𣬵ҪһԵɺϾ㣬ˣôܹұأ
õõãҿ˵ͷôҲϰˣԵζˣҲգҾͲƽˡ
ϵЦָ˵СӣжԨԴǼţҲҲԺǻһ££ȱɣѡ
˸Ͻͷǣϵ⻰δ̫˵㣬һۣ˭Ҳû
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Ŷʲô£
ǹͽġ
⻰һڣڳ˶סʱֿ˵ϵ֪֪Ǳͽʲô£
˵
Ҳ֪ƽʱʳʱвǰڶʱȻڿյ˸ضȥǶƺ˹ڳɵģз̳Լһлᦣıͽʱ̳ǰԸʱҼһ۾˳Ͻڶˡ
˵ʱϵɫѾˡ
СϽʣ壬лʲôڶ
ʮ·лᦣаŹأǵ׹̵ла
ϵü˵֮ǰʦЯŶƽ׹̣׹̽ͽʮ·лᦲʦٵӲʦ̫Ͼӡƹ׹̡Ϊʲô׹̵а
ү᲻Ǹʲôڹ̻ûɾԱʵ
ϵȴҡҡͷ˵ܣһ׹̱ʦ֮ʦһʱڴϴ׹׹Ѿˡ
˵ϵȻɫһ䣬𡭡
ˣĵˣʮ·лҪʮ̳ѨߣǶ̶̼ܲúõģѾ͵͵вˣͻȻ¶棬ֻǣǵߣµʮ̳֡
壬ʮ·л֮ʲôãСʡ
ԭΪҪǧ굤ķʢ֮ټұɱ֮𣬿׹ʮ·лᦷǧ굤ʩӴ˽ظλߵ˹֣֮֡


044 
ϵһڣǶסСϽŵʣ壬ڿô죿ǲѾû취ֹˣ
취Уȷʵѡ
ϵ̾˿Ȼ˵麣أ
ûش𣬾洫һңء
洫һζͼţĺҡλλ˽ΪʲôλأΪεѾˣҡ̫࣬ѹˡ
󺣸ȵһۣ蹻˼ͰԼˣҺò˦Ǹӳһ·ҡλģֶĥƤˡ
εصͷҲ֪˵ʲôǺˡ
ϵ˵麣ȱ˼˽£мµҪ㡭
˵ŻϵѺе˵ӣҸһϵʱ䣬ȫеլضͳƳȻ麣ȥÿطѲ飬ѵضϻ档
ͷסˣеΪѵ˵ɣլأ⣬ֵطôȥ
ȥȥɲ㣡
ϵһ˵ʮ·лҪʮضÿһڼ֮أҲ̳λñ밴аλҵʮ̳εʮ֧ᦣҲλáֻʣһʱ䣬һ֮ڲܻǧ굤Ȫ֮˼Уͨ衭
ˣϽһͷ˵ѽ̫ˣɣһ
ϵְҽеǰ˵СӣҲмҪȥ졣
ϵ˵ֻʹסҵд仰˵СӣȥҸ꣬仰ںϡ
Ҫȥ
һ£ʱظ˵ɣ¶Ұɣļˣ
˵ŰѶǸշ˳˵ƤϺɼĵ̣Ǵ
ʱϵ˵үʲô˼ö˶˵
ӣ٣ȻҺСΰɽ٣һȴûɹȥһվоųɾŵĿڽҽ仰Ҫѹһѹϵɷɽ١
˵껰ִӵͳһСֽݸС˵С㣬ҲһȥʱıϣĬ䡣
ǣ塣
СӹǰźǳȥɺȴԱ˵ʦһƫġҸôˣͽҸϡĹƨû̸ңҲû˵ҸʲôСӲʶѽ̷ָֽʲôģҲ
˵ŵһۣˡ
ϵȴЦˣ˵Сʲôɲģ֮Բ㷨㶫ΪòЩ㻹ףһ͸ͻҵˡ
õõã˵ʲôҲ˵аɣ
˵껰һ˦ͽݣұ밲οһ£ϵȴڰ˵ǾͱˣȥȰϣúϢϢһǻпҪء
СͷǸź˵š
ʱѾ绰¿𱭳˳֮󣬿İǴ겻ԶһСͬҹһ֮˸ССмǸгͣ˲гſڵһСǰ
°Ѻδӳ̧δ˽ȥ
˵ѾǺҹˣȥ֮滹ǵƹͨСϸһ濴һǲС֮ǸżӵĿտϡϵһЧͼһŮĳأеһֻϴĸŮĴҲС̫Ƶģ촽ϻŸһͶǳСƦӡ
һͷǸСᡱһ¾ʹӳϽ繧һͷ˵磬ôôˣ
Զأʡ
ԶǰҾ˵ƺǺһֵܣܱһҲͦҾ˵ȫõʦ
һָ˵Զأ磬͸ȥ
ˣԼȥҡ
˵ҡߣҺСϽҲ˽ȥɻûŶأһ󼤵ҡĵ洫˳һһСųء
һҲȣ󺹣֮⣬ϻſŸŮģǶ˶ĵƺǸոȥģϸڵĵطû꣬һðѪ
һСȥԶϽĨ˰ѺվſŮһ˵Ůˣͷٰơ
Ϊɶѽ
Ů˲죬Ҳ˿˵ûߣҿɲǮ
ӸǮ˰ɣ
Զʱһۣû˵˺ü죬ÿζһ͹ңһ͹ңӶˣţЪ
Զһһ߰Ů˳ȥ죬ЦǺǶԺ˵磬զʱˣɶԸ
ԶλֵҪƸõģ
˵ʱԶɨһۣȥ£˵ֵƸʲôⶫнɱƣνȨ硢·ޱߣƴ󻢡д󸣣ʨˣƽ𡢸»ޱȣױƽƸʣӥ衢־ķŮʹһֹ㿴ղǶƵĵи˵ĵƵģٱ統кպĶҼһС˫硯ľˣһ߳彭˭ǵģһ߳ҽԺ˴ġ
ԶĻһǳɣС˺ü£û뵽ƸôĽ
Զ磬Ҳƣƽ󰮣ҰʫϾˡ
˵̯ĸϵ֮ǰдµ仰
쳾κӰ˼䡣
һ仰Զһ£ЦǺ˵濴ֵͲû뵽Ǹеˡ
еˣԶ磬ôģʡ
Ǻǣʫ˵˼ɢɵģżҲݰݷβε㶫ǶģֵܣⶫУαرأҪǲôƿҪаġ
ôôҲн
ȻˣнͿ㿸סˡ
Զֵ˸̣Ū˵ֵܣҸһҲͷˣʮʦѧʱʦ˵нعнħнЩƣпڼϡסںϡǰϡ𡯣ʲƵȽаĶǸǡסҪù
˵ҲЦˣԶ磬ɲаĶĶ
Ǻǣ¶͸ˣааģа㰡ֵܡ


045 
ֵܣҪƵʮĸǵҴ͸˼ɢɵĶʵϾ͸һǱǿν𲻿ۣĺϵǴӲ־ģΪʲôΪշ˵˵۹ĶЩϱǶһӣ˵Ƥˣ˵ʲôдŮ֮ģƨأǶ̼ҳģԽǴԽǴ󲻾
ԶĻ˵꣬ȷʵЩҡˣ˵ĲûеЩԼҲϵƸ᲻֪ɼȻΪʲôҪ仰أ
һʱѾܵùˣļͷǻһħаĲˡ
ԥˣСԱ߸ҵ˸ǣȰ˵ͱˣҶǾ仰Ȼ뷨ˡ
ǣǺðɡ
ҵͷֱϣԶЦһ˵Զ磬Ͷְɣ
ãͼнǰ룻˼ǣֵҽˣסۣҺ뻹һأǸûһӡ
Ͷְɣš
Ȼ˵ĺԶȷʵûƭңһ˲䣬޷Ĵʹ̴ҵȫ۵̲ס鴤һ£Զȴ͵һѰסҵĺ󱳣ֺٺЦ˵ŵ㣬Ҫ۶ܲˣʲô
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ɾʱšءһ˴˿Ҷ̲סͷһȻͷ󺹵ĺ紭Ŵ˽
һǺ磬СϽ˵ӣ
Ӹǳܹģ
˵ʦƫģƾɶƲƣʫҲƣ
ԶסˣӻѾҲԼˣЦֵܣҲʮĸ֣
ûһۣ͸ԴƵģһ˵ӲŲһأʫʫеǣʦ䣬Ʊ˰ɣ
ԶεͷߺǸŵĶиϽҴ˽
Զһ°˵ֵҪڱʫæ߲ȥԱݰơ
СӦǵѧͽϽ˵ͷʺƸʲôʫ
һ˵ʲôʫУ֮һҪСӵĸţƣ
˵תСߣСȰȰס
ɰ֮󣬶ܳˣߵԶԱ˵ʦզ찡Ҳ˵ɶզְ
ð졣
Զһָ˵ҳﲻǷűʫ㷭һҳ׾͸׾ˡ
ŶС
иϽܵߴӳ˳һʱסˣҡҡͷⶼ
˵껰ߣԶʱһ䣺ôɶʫ
ʦǶŸġ
˵˷䣬һ˶ɵˡ
˰֮Ա߳԰ǵСȻǰһЦѽʫ֪ȫʫپ䣬ǵðѺѾ϶ƳҲƲ갡Ҳ̫ˡ
һȫôЦΨСﴫһ˺ѷΡǺĲҽ
ѽ㰡㡭

賿ĵӣСڳѾԺ˯ˣ۵ø˯ž󱳾͸ԼƵģȫľˡ
ͷ󺹳ұϴֵԶ˵Զ磬ҾƼֶѣŪô𣿡
ֵͲˣһһǼƿɲϡ
ֹʮӣԶڳһͻȻһҺϣ۵ֱӺһɤӴϱ
һСͺ綼ˣԶĨһѺ˵󹦸ɣֵܣʫҰˣԺҪǸҪ鷳ҿɾͲ˰
ҵ˵ͷҪ֨һڵķŴ˿žͼȦһ͵ŲŲ˳
һ˲ѻȸеĿⶼ˹ȥ·Ѿˣ·ӦǱòᡣ
һˣҲ˲ԼϵʹˣϽǿЦվʣ磬ôˣҿɣҶûŸġ
һ˵ɫѿˣСԱ߱Цˡ
Ĭһ£һЦ˵ס̫賤ˣҴһ߰˰֣ʵûơ
СŶȵŰǣԱֻ˵УղŻѷģôˣ
ʲôȻûơ˸ȱõģ
ۣ˵Żת˵֪ҳǿ϶ЦңνҾƵ϶ȡãСö࣡
˵סһק¶һڵĴͼƨɶס
ϸһ߼ƺһ֣һ
ơ
һۿȥһЦˣ˵϶Ƿˣúøƨ˸ơⲻƭԼ
һЦৡһ¾ͺˣ˵ʲôⲻûǿȫأ
˵ְTקǿˣԭϡϻм֣ǡţơƵʱǸѧͽղƴˣд˸˸֡
ΪиֵĹϵԭƺͼֻƣһ־ֻƨɵˡ
СЦòˣԶҲЦǰϵģԶЦˣ˵ֵܣСͽܸ¼̫ܲأǧԲסԲס
˵ʱͼϵĺЦһϱıаշͷ¶˳ԶɨһۣȻɫͱˡ
磬ôˣ
ԶȻָźϵ˵շҲƵģǰͦõģôͷϺȻһԽ
ԶһڣҲź˹ȥ
ϵѧУ׽ǴԼõģ̻ûã޳ĵɼӱ¶շͷүЦú̬䣬̫ѨĲλȷʵ¶һɼĺɫ
һ˵Ŀⶼ۵ϣϽѱãЦǺ˵ˣӳϸһǵԵá
ԶҲû£͵ͷ˵˵ءƵٺҲƳɻģôԼأ
Ϊʵ̫Ե̫˵ĹϵСǵҲû⣬С㣬Ǵϵйġ


046 ʬ
һƵĲˣǰϵǸСֽȡ˳ǺײӵķĩӦɰ׵ȴ֪ʲô
һСѷĩұһ߿Ĭ䣬֣ʱ͸оұϵЩĩһʼԼұϵʹ꣬һͻʹ
С㣬ǰò۰ɣ
СûңһֽĶһ䣬ʮӲ¡
ʹҲһˣΪǸϽֻҹ
С¡ǰǰźסĵطǺúϢһ£СǸԻݾ˯ˡ
һס˯ʱһֱû˯ſڴűʺͱʼǱһֱˢˢд֣ɨһۣƺƾԼļдһĵַǶʲôط
˵լأ֮⼸ֹĵطҺʦȥˡ
һд̴ֶһ˿˿ҲˣһС˯ˡ
û˯ͷһȴҡ
һѾˣ˷䣬ͼһڴϵСǴСţϸһȻҰ֡
ϵ˵пˣѵ˵Ұ֣
Ҵչȥһ֡ûңɫͷϵĺδȻʲô¡
ʱҰ˵үóոһشһˣô¶治֪ôźˡ
֣ôˣ
ҰһۣˣҲ֪ô˵֮Ǹһȥ˾֪ˡһȫ˶Żˣ峤ҸϽǰæ
ʲô£
ҰֻŻŵģƢʱˣ԰ϣ˵֣æһޣʲôҲôְ˵ˣҪǴ¶ҲӦѽŮζǣǴҲô峤үɣ
峤Ҫ϶ԼˣҲˡ
峤ôˣҰֵĻʵҾһ£ҲŸմӼ峤һֱö˶˵ģôͻȻˣ
ʱҰ˵˵¶ùù賿ӣԼҿͷ˯أɸֳҵţͻȻһˣһͳȦֱײ峤ҵŴ˽ȥ峤ֳץţţɸһݾͱͷţײˣţӲȶˣǸϽ͵ҽԺ
Ȼ£
һ㶣ʱϵԱ̾˿˵ⶼǱȻ飬ߺǾһСʵиԼұɵĵѱɳײˣҲøϽϹ㣬óĳлУϾѾԼҶٴˣ汻ˣҲƺǳͷһ£񱣼ûˣһ˱ضǻʲô˻İ
˵껰ϵվ˵Ǵȷʵ˴٣ҲҲãȸһˣȥɡ
ϵ˵ߣСǸϽ˹ȥ
ҲŹȥϵȴסֽй硢˵ӣʵʵдеլصַ֮Ѿüˣ麣ֻרĸһ¾ͺãסլذصضģȫ¼ȥ˼̳ҵ賿ʱѾȥ̽ˣڵ£Ӧûǲæ
ͷϵСţҰֿ
·߷ʱ䣬ܶ࣬Ұ˿ҲûҪٵ˼ļٵؾͿųظϣһСʱ֮ǽ˴壬ϵĴ峤żŴڴӭء
һ˳Ұӭȥʵ峤㲻סԺôֻˣ
ô£Ϊһ֮ܲ죡ɽү·
һϽŰ峤Σ峤Ҳû˵ʲôֱӴֳ˴ӣȻŴɽķȥ
·ϴ峤ʣүǴ嵽׳ʲô£֪˰ɣ
峤˵Ұȿڵ峤һûϸү˵أ³̫ͻȻˣҲ֪ôӺ˵𰡡
Ұָ˵껰ͼϵ˵ʵǲ˵ҲһЩйӦøǱйأϸΣǲ˵˵
ү㣬ȷʵйء
峤̾˿ɽ;˵賿ʱ˵⣬ȶˣ͸ϽҽԺˣҲҽԺӵ绰֪¶ġ
峤˵̧ɽһָ˵ɽǴаģɽÿĶֵĹĵӣһżĴɽǶ
Ǻߣϵüͷʡ
峤ݺݵͷἰƺ£ƽһ˵ûߣҼǸɣѾǻˡ
⻰ϵɫδģСԱ߾סˡ
Ǻ֮ǰģǱѵ˵Լһñɱ˸Ű벻ɽϵˣ
峤ԴԴһ˵ҸǺ󱳷ˡ
ո˵һżȥϰ࣬ɼĹһֱûĵھɽȥɵԼҵһͼһùųһڶʱûʲôֵͲսȥһŵһƨɾ˵ϡ
ͼһӵĴڳӳڹ±ߣֻʣ˰ԴСӣӻţûˣ״ˣ͸ɽҰ޸һ
ǴŵøϽɽʱ峤ѾȥҽԺӵ绰֪һʱҲزƽʱϵҰȥȿ
ҰִżɽҲŻˣһʱ䲻֪ôźãϵ֮ǰǴӴʱ͹ģֿųϽưȥǣû뵽öڡ
Ͱǽ˻峤Ĵ£Ұ˵ڹµĴߺԼұߵǸɣҲϽλˡ
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峤ɢȺսսذǴǿù£µſײ峤˵Ҷ֪Ǹɼң㶯Ҳ̫ˣвӬòˡ
ϵͷڰײǰһƣ̴Ӱײ¶òȷʵ峤˵ţѾʣһС룬ʺѪϣʳĺۼ


047 
ⶫѪģģҲ˸սϵ˵үǱɽﶫ˰ɣɽǶûˣǺꡢ֮ģ֮ǰڴ峤צôͣôϰɣ
˵һ룬ȷʵǱˣɽĶ
ϵϸʬϹ۲һ£ֽ˵СӣҸӰʬ
ҡŶһϽ˸辣Ȼսľģ˶໹ذǰʬ߸
ͼϵһչȣԭʬõĵһȣӵķŵϵĳһҹͼ֮¶һСͮͮĶ͸Ƭһ
ϵҰߵʬŵһߣԼѵǸɫĶ˳һƬɫۣǱҪ󣬲ĴָС
˼֮ϵǶݸңʣСӣϲϵʲô
ҡҡͷϵ˵һƬۣסⶫڻ޹ؽҪò˶ãͻΪеͷſǣƬ͸㣬ҪԺ˱ض׶༪٣ҽһֵķӡ
ҸϽպƬۣʣү˵
һ֣ܣȾܣܶԶܶԶܵˣˡ
ϵ˵źǺһЦվֳ峤˵峤ʬȷʵ֮ǰҸߵɡ
峤һϽʣүǣɼѽʲôܰԵ
ǶȷʵͣҿӦûڸ̫Զ
ϵ⻰һڣʮȫ
ϵ˵԰꣬ͰʬɽȥԻΪȣᣬڳǶʲôǾͲùˣֻҪţǧҪɽˡ
峤Χͷ֦˸׵ĵܣͰʣµǰߵʬ̧ɽȥ
ŴǻɽıӰϵһ̾п뷲ȴ»ꡣοأ֮ǰŭк飬ҲֱӦˡ
ϵ˵һԳ˵үλӦøֻǧϹһɡ
ŶΪʲôô˵ϵЦʡ
ִⲻ𣿵ֻϹ޴޻˺Լ׽٣ҲǣΪԼĺӱ˾ʢŭ֮º峤һң˱Ӧ
Ǻǣܲ
ϵЦ˵ûΪ飬жбӦгɾ֮Υǿ˽ҲбӦ÷ҵĻ˵ͽֶöǧϹ߻вͬģϹ׽콵ѣ⣬ɹɹسףɲȥǻҷ𣻶ȻǱɣекϹȻԶȻҲǴĵزĽѣԼ̫µİˡ
ϵĻҲûȫףûݵʣѾҡӴС㳯ɽȥҸϽҲ˹ȥ
ɽ֮峤ʹǰ߷˴ίĴԺϵô峤æȥЩƷԼԼҪõӦ֮׼Ϊȡ
ȶ׼׵֮Ѿ쵽ˣԹ˷ϵСʽ̳ʼ˷£轣оշ㣬ô峤һСԱ߸ǰ߿˼ͷ
Ϻϵô峤ײðصأ˵ﱣҼƽһԱһҪԴԼ̫һߵݡȫ롭
һж׼׵峤һ׼ΪߴТʱѾǰˣӣѵǰĶ֪˼ֽǡ
Աߵһĳ̷ϵ߹Цˡ
Сӣڸ
үѵ˵°ſӣһʱȫڴﵢˣĶ֪ô찡
Ǻǣ֮жֺαԵʧأ
ϵҲЦȻİţֻԼıǣʱˣԻˮɡ
ϵ˵ͼ·ѾԶ׷ͣ˴ίԺſ档
ųһʮ⡢źīĻӳǰͷĳϣī̧һΣѺҲ
ں֮³ͺ磬һ˳ϽŵŸʼǱܵǰ˵ʦȫ춼ûţټ˼ٺ˷ͷȫеլңʮ·лᦷ̳˰˸Ǹ˲ϴóˣԼʮ̳һ㣬̳λûҵ
Ϊʲôңϵʡ
ʱͼıʼǱ˿Լܱ߸صĵͼ
ѵͼڵϸǿͼˮʱźܶɫԲȦʱָűԲȦĵط˵ʦȿЩúȦĵطǷ̳լλãֻкܱܶسǣϸһ£һ⣬ŸϽϹ
˵ʱҲһֱϸͼû˵ҶѾˡ
үЩźȦλÿǸɢİһ
ұ˵ָǿͼԵĺȦλλģΧĵĺ㣬ΧĽֵ㣬ĵլƬĹϣ棬ʮɢһֱɢܱߵس
ֵǣӵͼϿЩ֮ľ붼ֱ࣬ǹôŵһ
ôĻͼӦúȦǡȴûǵλãһ
ҰԼ뷨һ˵ϵҲ˵ͷʱ˵ʦС˵ûҾǷԲŸϽġ
Ȼˣʣûǵλãǹȥû
ϵ˵ͷʦλãѾ˸Ϲȥ鿴ˣͻʣһλûˡ
˵ͼһָ˵ʦ
˳źָͼһ˲ˡ
ָλҼڵ򣬶ָͰǴӵı߶ϡ
ѵ˵һ·лᦣǴ
⻰ڣ뵽һط֮ǰֹĶ̫̫ңҲ֪ɺϻǹ⣬֮ǰڶ̫̫ҾʱϲиںĴ󶴣
ûҰ뷨˵أСվתߣȻҲѾһ㡣
ϵϽźǸȥܿ͸С֮ǰһĶ̫̫ҵԺſڡ
ߵſСһ߿ž˽ȥǸȥһԺǻĲݣɫһвĹ


048 Ȼʿ
ϾѾ˲ϺˣСһ߿ţǸϽų嵽ȥ֮ǰĽȡǧ굤Ǹ󶴻ڣǵʱõڶߵҲڡ
ϵڶڿһۣһ㣬˵˵ؼǶżӵլǵǧϹɥ֮أأһ·лᦲпܡ
˵Żһ˶ӶûãС㡢ϽҲȥŸһ磬˵ǣڶӼſš
˶֮ϵ־ȼһŷֽŶǰҸں̲סʣү֮ǰ˵ʮ·лôôģЩǸõģǰѴлᦶˣǲıͲóˣ
Ȼ˵֮ȴϵҡҡͷ˵ʮ·ᦡʮ̳ÿһ̳Ҫ֮ǰ̳ʩܹãһʮ̳Ҳ˵Щ̳Ѿһµʱˡʮ·Ϊȡ˷۵ûǷֵ̳Ȼ̳ʱƹŹأӴ˵ظѣʮлᦼ̳ͳʮŹصĳڣĹ»ҰᴩЩ䣬Ӵ˹֡
˵ϵ̾˿ɫԵøѿ
˵Щıûǰʮ·ᦣҲܲȣᣬʮ·ϣҵЩֻѾѾſڡ
˵ҴʣҲ˵ʮſѾһʮֻʣͨ»Ұ
û̳֮ǰһжǺġ
ϵĬһ£˵֮ǰ˵ʮ·ȻΪſ֮ãҪһµʱδ̳ȡۿ̳㹻ʩʱʮ̳ҵͬǴ̳һȴţȪµĹ»Ұų
˵ʱѾߵ˶ľͷҲ֮ǰŮĵط̧ͷһǰѾû·ˣʲôûС
ʱͼϵһ֣ȼտҪչķֽ̳ŶǽϷ˹ȥֽײǽ̼䣬ءһը˿ǽϵұڱ¶һ
¶СǶסˣ֮ǰ˭û뵽ⶴ澹Ȼ
Ϳʼˡ
ϵ̾ϢлᦵҾͽǧ굤ŮĶѨԱߣһŮһһһ͵͵ᦼȡǧ굤֮
ϵ˵ߣ֮䣬һֽȼںֳһŹƷķ̳̳ĺ滹һ͸߸ĳΰֽӣдŰ˸Ѫ֡
Ĺãңհ
Ȼϵ˵лˡ
Ȼϵһָ˵лᦱҵĻ֮û뵽Ȼаǿɶǿϵ֣ǿлᦷ֮ЧͯѪд²Чʮ·ᦣϵ׺˶
ϵ˵ʱߵС㼸û䣬ﲻԾطỨ
֮ǰһֱЦŮåƵģͻȻôۣܲҪοȻںߺһ䣺үǸģ
ţ
һ⻰ǶˣָķһǿʯǽڣĶʲôţ
첽ߵǽߣǽ˵ôˣⲻǾǿôţ
磬ûҩ
ʲôǿǽġ
ϵȻһüʵһʲôţ
ʯͷţϿŸͷߣŵ滹öӶŷһƬҶŸûо
һ⻰Сһڵ壬ڵ񿴵ĿĻ
ûһЩ뱻ǷֵĶ
ϵ˵ųһ°ͣ˵ķֽûоȡ
ͷϵķԸʼϷץר־ģȥĵطʲôûС
ʱǽڴȻءһըһĻϵչֽȣĻɢȥ֮ǽ¶˸žͷߵʯͷﻹ߬һһű˺õķֽ
ʱ߹ʣʦʦֵĿɱΣΪʲôܿ
֮ǰ˵ʿĲϡ
ϵЦ˵ֵͷҲ⣬˵ȴδ޵ͻ˸Ȼʿ
죬Ȼʿ
һ⻰ֹǾһ£綼סˡ
ʱϵ˵ûȻʿƽֻ֮ҪһƼɣųΪ˿Ҫ޵֮һҪ߱һĸνɷǣʺ޵֮˵ĸ׾ͳڹУǺõĵʿ֮Ĳͬеǣž߱ϰʸϧǣÿһ߱ǵ˶ᱻʶ飬ٲԷΪ𣬰һзǿѧĶΪţ߱ȴû޵˾͸ˡȻûϰڵǵĹϵСͻһʢָ;߱ĳǹˣҹƽСгˣۣٻߡ
ϵ˵ųһָ˵ܶ
ϵ˵꣬ҲɵسȥĤݵĿ⣬Сӳбҵϻ죬û뵽ϾȻôı£һݣҲ˼ĺٺЦ
ҸϽϵ˵үңҸЩʿôԵ᲻ҲȻʿ
㣿
ϵЦʱ¶˼СӣʴԵǸɾֵĺòϡ
ϵûң˵껰̧ȾͳʯȥߵſʯŵĹ߾ͷϸһŷֽһƣٽصʯͷžȻľһһͿˡ
ſһ˲䣬浱γһϵ΢΢һü̾ϢȷʵȻͽ̳С̳ԱߣҪһע⣬ɾͱƤӵӹȥˡ
ү˼ǡ
꣬ϵͷζһ˵Сӣ¹ش֣֮ܲܳ˭˵Ҫ׼
ү׼ˡ
һȥ
Ҳ˵ˣ̳һȽ»ҰĴţʮ·лᦱʮҪóѣЩȪµĹһطðǴɾˡ
ǰǳɹǴ彫˲һ򣬰»Ұ񣬿ȫ˶ڽӡ
ٺ٣һʲôµأ
Цһ£ֳһüë˵磬أ²£
˸̺ݺһڣһ˵ɿˣֵܣš


049 ̽ض
Ȼ˵ʹ죬ɸϵض֮ȻǲԾض
Ϊ׳һ߳һսս˵ֵܣҴңе㺦¡
ɶȻʿ
ЦŰο˵˵ʲôµģˣ۵ſϣһשѺԴˡ
ôһο˲٣ҲԴٺЦ˵˵ҲԣӹɶҲһȺֵڶţXˣ
磬ΪɶǵڶţXҲ̫άֵˡ
ȥүģû˵㣬ţ϶
ҲĹѣ˼϶˯ѽ˵˯һûˡǰҾˣɡ֣һչߡڶչɣʯͷŹ϶ҲһˣֱеĴ
˵˵ЦЦģջ˲٣ǰأֳֻϵͻȻͣס˽ŲҲϽͣͼϵҲ˵ֻǶǰĺڰϸؿ
үôˣ
ҴչȥСʣϵûлشҵĻֻ̧ǰһָѭһĻ⣬ͼǰĶſһźͮͮĶʲôȴ塣
ʱϵִһŷֽȼ֮ǰһӣȼյķֽЩͮͮĶԱߣſ壬ǾȻǼٿɽ״ĸùͷÿŹͷϺں۶ǣˢˢضǿ
һʱСǶŵ˵ˣϵȴµ˹ȥΧǶѹͷתһȦ֮˵Ǳ£ЩͷӦ˼ˣʯʯΪЩͷ׸űӡ
ϵ˵һϽ׳ŵҲ˹ȥ˵үΪʲôмô๷ͷѵǣ
ţɲôġ
ϵָǶѹͷ˵һ󷨣йͷ󣬾ݵǵ׹̵һаżѹױܻаһҪɱٰʮֻڹµĹͷ81/64/49/36/25/16/9/4/1ΪɾŲڷţȻϺڹѪ׹̼ʦ̳ɹ
ʱСʵ壬Ҳ˵һ󷨣
ϵͷû;ȷʵΪƵģֻѪȶҰ󹤳̺ƴΪȴõаǵ׹̵ķص㣬ҲΪ׹̲˵Ĳձʦʱ׼𡭡
ϵ˵ʱһ¾סϽʵүǲЩìܣ֮ǰ˵׹ͱˣΪʲô׹̵󷨻
ӦһֱĲ²⡭
ϵüͷ̾˿˵ѵ˵ǧһֱ׹̵ڣⲻܰ˵ϰʱ׹ǧʷ֮ȷʵûκι׹̵ļأЩаҲʧˡ
ϵ˼ʱںȻ˵ʦҾڸùĵĲ⡭
⻰ʲô˼Сʡ
׹̵׻治ȷһߣ밡ոʦҲ˵ˣѹױܻаģȻѵ˵
˵ʱҾ͸оոˡ
ǰѹױܻаΪʲôⶴѵ˵ŶʲôаĶҪס
Ĭ֮ϵٶȿ˵ӣʵ˵ĲҲһֱڵĵһ£ԴʯҾͷһ£ⶴǸ
үɶ˼
˶ʯΪ磬ʮеλһɽʯԼʯΪԶγһȻءҲµòĻⶴȻãӦòģǹʱģ֮ҲܽͣϹΪʲôѡ⸽ˡ
ϵ˵ֳһŷֽȼĻ翴һ˵ǿ΢΢ƫ⣬˵йΪ硢ˮⶴȻˮˮؼˮءʮ˾ۣⶴҪˮĻۿɾ͵ùˡ
үΪɶҸϽʡ
ϵûлشҵĻ̾˿̧֮ȥҲֻȥ
ղ㣬ǴǰʮףȻֵһˮ
ϵһ̾˵շˮѧе˵λһ̶ˮ·ӾѭطܿǸʱȻγɵĻʬأһֱǴӱߵĵ£ȴûб˷֡
үʬɶ׷ʵ
ϵ˵ʬع˼ǻ˴ʬĵطֵطսǹȥ⽨ϰǹص㣬֮ˮû˹ܵ˻ʬˣˮֲͨټȻʯҵʬԽԽ࣬ԽԽأʬֻã͸֮ǰЩͷһ
ʱһѾߵˮߣԱһϾȻһƾɵľⶴǹʱµģЩӦҲǹġ
ϵаֽȣ̶ˮһƣȻͷ˵ˣֶȻȻγɵģȴһ񣬷ˮöӦŴ˵ܵظ;Źءˮ֣˵Ǹܵظĸһġѹ̳ⶴ亱а
ϵԸǴӰЩƴһȽȽϽʵģˮԲ©ˮ֮󣬾ʹ˴Ҫɹ̶ˮ
һϵȻ̧ǰһָ˵֣ˮӦûһţӦܵظȪ·ϵκţţˮͶɹһˡ
˵ֻǰнûãˮ̶ұһʯͷţ׼ȷ˵Ӧһ鿴ȥǹŵȻ绯ʯ
һʱҸǶλɷǵϵͶˣҪļƨ͸оԱƺק·һͷһŵһУˣͼӴˮһѩѩ׵ĸ첲ָҵ½ǣʱʱק¡
ѽɶѽ
ŵõʱͻˣϵʱ߹һӾͰִֻˮһգˮ֮£ȻֳһŮ˵
ǸŮ˻ҰסƮƮƯˮ϶ǷЦһִֻȲ࣬һֻֿʼǵĴ죬Ȼոק·ľ
˵ǾֹͱȽϹ죬Ů˵ĳ໹ͦģһͷƤˣֻаӣʲôûУ͸նһسˮƯŸ˼ˡ
ֻңϳϵ֮˶סˣϵϽڰ˵Ǳ£ҲҶֻ㲻Ͳˡ


050 ˮ
ϵ˵ȴץϵ֣ЦŶ˵ļس䣬ν춯رħԪ谿ķʿħһרŽħĵ伮С¼
˵ʱֳŷȼֱ˴ˮϣһͼˮʮ׵ˮ£һ׻ĶȥһʱͶˡ
ЩӺ˲࣬ѾΪˮԼõĹϵΣƤѩѩ׵ģ֫ȫġҲȱ첲ȵģˮﳩ磬ֱһɫĹ㡣
ϵȴδ𾪣ˮĶֽ˵¼нħֹΪʮǬԪڡڸռֿʬ͵ȵʬ¼ԭļ˵ߣҲߣԵͺ϶ɡЩ˷ǹҲʬΪԩ֮ʬƤңɫܡСʶȾΪʬ
ϵ˵ִӵͳһСֽݸС˵Ŵ׷ڴϣͲҽӽˡ
Ŵ׷ۣ
һ£ЦЦ˵үǰ̨ʬƬ˵ʲôŴ׷֮ģǵӰ˰ɣ
Ǻǣо仰Դֻ̨֪ʬƬǵӰȴ֪ӢΪȡΰݷʦڵéɽڣӰĶǼ٣Ҳþûġ
ϵ˵껰ϸΧŴŴ׷۵СҲҡһ˵ȶ̵ģ㶮ʲôǵоϻʯҵʬ¿ʬڹѪʬŴ׷ʬЧЩϷڵŴ
˵ųˮǸڶǹЦİŮһָ̾˿˵ֻǿµǲڱĿ𣿡
ʲô֮Цһ
ʹˣΪʲôôµ겻սұɱѳᣬٻ߾ǵģߣԵЩղһ㿴ЩŮкӣ⻹ȻܹģǰΪһЩ򵥵Ķʵֻһ㱻ڲĿƤҰˣͺñȱȥľżûи顢û˼룬֪ûС
˵˵ţСۿѾˣҺҲ˵һʹ
ȷʵʱңҪųʬ⣬һ˵á
Ϊ˻ΣЦС˵ţɰǵ˵ЩǹŴ˱ãôˣΪʲôã㿴ǵģĶá
ռұˣҲܰǵһԱ
Сһû˵ʱһֱڴβĺ̲ס˻⣬˵ǵصʵĹϵˡо仰СںɳաںɳաڷɳʬеķɳָʵʯҵʣΧʯͷΪԺǿʯң˵ʬ඼ֻãôʬۼڶԽԽأ⣬ʱ˻ãȻͱǰˡ
ʱСѾŴ׷ԭ˵Ŵ׷֮ΧȥĿ̿ʼԶ֮Ǵķ򿿽ˡ
ϵĿǰأȻְ̾һ˵ҴСﵽ״ʲộȴһûС˶ٰ֮ãΪʲôᱻ׷֣ΪʲôҪ̳㿪˹ŷųʲôô
ϵ˵˭ûдΪЩſֻԼ
ǰнţûþ͸õﰶˣҶˮȥĿʬҲʼһǰ;δ֪δ
ˮ￴ʱʱͼһֱƯˮϸŴǰǸŮʬȻһ˦ųˮһΣŻͼ¶ֻʬ
ֻЩͬÿֻһ󣬶ζٶȺ
ں棬ҸϵҪһȼĻƷֽˮѭһһŵòֱӷˮ
磿
͵һУϵСϽҲˮ˹ȥͼˮ֮£ֻĩβ˩һӰȻ麣
磡ô
Ҳһɳˮе麣ͻشˣֻˮ۾ţϸһ˩ֻǰζҲϵӣ׹ſʯͷû취ˮ
ͨ죬ȻҪϢˣһˣžˮȥˡ
ϵȴʱסǣ˵Ǳ嶯ڴЩǣˮھܰҧ飡
˵ϵѺĴ˹׼ˮһֻݺݾʹȥ
Ȼ֪ʹϵһ´мͷӻǹԵسˮУһӣȴѺקǵĴ
ϵֿ׼ʱôסӣһŭ𣺡죡ק
Ͻȥץӣɸˮһ̽ӣɨ֮ǰһֱڴǸӵŮѾϢشӴǰ˹һھҧĲӡ
磡㿪
ȻˣȫעҪȺ磬ûע⵽ۿҪҧ磬Ҳ˲ϱˣϽקס͵һҲס˺磬һһ˴ϡ
קʱʧȥƽ⣬һȴһͷˮ
ȶ̵ġ
ˮһ˲䣬ŻζˮͼС㽹ˮˮﺰҪһȴȹ˼ˮͳںϵʱסҲġ
̬һƽ̸оʲôץסҵһȣƺק³ҵͷһǸӵŮˣĳˮƮƮȥѩ׵ϹһĨعЦ
ƴΣ޷ֹ³ŴǵĻΧһѩ׵Ѿңʮֻ׷׳Ҿ˹ңȫΪ
ǿҵĿ־ȫɥʧ侲Ǻ˼ˮ֮ǾͷԷʼϢ֢״ҵĶԽԽҲһΣͷˡ
ۿǸŮץҵȡҵǰѾûˡ
ҧҵʱҲ֪ʵǻþģģأҾͿǳŮ˵ı󻺻ſһɫĻԲĺѪһޡ
ϸһǲǻһĺɡ
ɡ˲䣬ˮºȻһǿҵҪҧҵİŮ˾һԣŮ˵һˮߣ¶˸СŮӰٶδѣ翸źɡĨűӳҺٺЦ
ûûңһ㡭
Ů˵ŻٶȻζɡˮתҵ忪ʼϸ챻ˮˮʱͼһСӰƿˮ̽ˮֱ첲سץ˹


051 
С㡣
Ȼˮһۿͨ죬ƺ˳ۿˮ
һץסֻּ֣硢ѾæҴˮקȥ
̱ڴ㳤һϵϽչʵСӣû°ɣ
ûû£ͲһͱЩҧˡ
ҳһȶһ˺ڴɪɪϵѾˣҸϽһʣ磬㲻ôᵽˮȥ
ǣǺ񡭡
ŵ˵ǸսûãͻȻˣȺ쵰ˣҲܣûܾͱץˣ˹ȥѹʱѾˮˣקߡ
ЩΪʲôҧ㣿ٶȾʡ
֣Ϊոҵˮһ˲䣬ΧĿž˹ҪҧңˮƯôãȻ
ҡҡͷʱͼϵ˺һѾˮ͸ĻƷֽ˵ϱʩ䣬ץҪǡ
ǣ
һ㶵Ĺ򣬺ȻһЦӺĶЦڶﲻϻصЦ﷢飬ʱһۺɫӰȻϢؾǵĴͷϡ
һȻǴһȹĺ񣬶̷Цֵǣ֮ǰЩ˺۾ȻѾȫʧˣָֻǰױݡ
ֵǡ
ڽׯʱѾ÷ˣΪʲôö˶˳
˷֮ʣӴβˮִܳһѪɫӰŮװŴ廨ЬŰѺɡƾ˰С
ոհҴˮȳľȻЩİһһ۾ϳӦþǧ굤ûֻŮ
Ůż첻ԽԽƯˡ
ϾովһҴȤ㳯Цһ¡
Ůֻ΢ЦûлشҵĻһȴϿմү֪һҵڴ˵Ⱥˡ
ӿƮģһĸĳŮһɫĸ߿ۣ䣬ͣ˴һİС
ͺŮûٴ򽻵Ůˣ˵Ůǵһμ̲ס׳ŵʣ˭
ǺǣСҿǿСģô㶼ǵð𣿡
һЦ˵ʱȻòɳƣ͵һ£ϸһмϤϤǸ˱Ҫ࡭
㣬òǡòǶŰŰɡ
ǼˡŮһЦͷȷҵĻ
⣬ôأ
ҼֱԼ۾ٶȾӿɱ϶ˣ˵˵ڽׯʱѾС
һ˵һ룬СҲü۵ʣûѾʦӡûҷ㵽˭
Ǻǣûȷʵǿеλӡ
ŮƺǵһڱתҫԼӣЦ˵ҵжط磬Ҹϣܽһ֣
⣬⵽ô£ȫˡ
ϵһֱԹۣȻ˵죬Ѳ˹ϵ
Ǻǣү
ŮЦ˵˵û֮ǰҺȺɢõȻ޴棬˴󷢴ȱǧ굤ķΪǴ¾л꣬ҽǵòָȫʢʱڣȥʱʮһʮŮģ֣ǾҲ⡭
Ů˵꣬ŮȫЦֱΧ棬ضǿ
ϵüͷ˦ּѾ͵͵Żֽһ˵ҹӻŮл꼸ΣҾٰûɢΡ
˵ϵҪֽлֽŮɻûȷ֣֪ʲôʱ͵͵εһӰѾӺͳ˰ѵذ׼ϵĺݺݴȥ
һ˲ϵһһŻֽȫֱ֣ʱ˲ŷ˴ϵı仯ͷһѪذ׵ģǺ硭
磬㡭
ȫ˸ûȷӦ麣Ѿһ˴ȥźŮ̧ӳɡ麣һץסɡʧããĺڰ֮С
壡
СһӦϽҪµϵסҾʵү⣬⵽ô£ѵǸǺ磿
麣
ϵ˵껰Ҳ̾ŵ˵԰ү֮ǰ˵ܿѺ֮ϸҲǱ˿ѽ
ûŪô£ŮѾЦ˵үɱĺֻǶɵ߾Ƚֻ½Ĵ»ʲôʧ
ǺǣɱҲûãѭʤС㡢ӣҳ
ϵ˵ļǱ麣һվվˣòװֹסѪСһ⻰ֳվּ伸֣ŮһЦڿƮ伸գôǵסĽ
ҲʾѴ֮ҲϵǰػüŰеҸǣдϡ˭˭ϡԣ
Сͺ籣ϵʱҿʼƴǰֻϣϽ뿪̶ˮٵ˵ϣǻֵػһ㡣
ԱҲżȻһۣͰڴץ
֮ǰ麣ʱֻϸģְ˽Űϵһ𣬾Լϰ
ҸϽʣ磬Ҫ
һ˻Ҳ̫ˣֵܣһ֮ȥӾק㡭
㿪ʲôЦˮЩ㣿
ϻһܱһã
Ȼô˵Ҳ¶һɾţϽӴĨ˼Ŵ׷ϣ嵽ͷһͷһϵͷֺٺɵЦ˵ֵİɣҴСӾ֣ö׷ϡ
˵Żһͨ͡һˮͷһͨ٣˵εĻ죬׷׷ϲ֪ˮʱüֻ˹ȥĿʬߵ÷ˮףצģֻҲŵòҽӽˡ
ǰں滮ûϴӵĹǾ͵˰ߣϰվקŴǰܣֱӰѴˮקϻ˺üԶ۵֧̱˵ϡ
СֵʱϽɫԽԽѿϵ˴ǰһڰڶм΢΢š
ȻֱңȻðŻǵĻֽһ߶ڣװ͵Ļȼ
һƬͨһǰұ£һ̳̳ǰˣ麣ңһδĶʮСӣмĵϳ̡


052 ҵ
ۿԼʦ֧վվסˣһ˿壬ؾǰһҪʦ
ǻûȳأϵѾһ˵ϣ㽫ɴ֪ڸ𣿡
һ㶣ϵĵΪһĨмЦЦ˵ʦΪʲôҪңһĺ£Ӧ֧ҲŶԡ
ϵûֱ£ָ£ִԲѵĻ˵óڣ󿪹Źأ˼˹֣ʲôô
ûҵܻẦһЩƽϰգǵ˵չһ£
ʦ֪Դ䣬Ԫħ˿︮ɱħϾʲôħˣĩǳս֮ĺƽҵŵĽħӵܸȫû֮أʦŵĸ󶼱˿ƭǮΪƭӣǰ˸ϸײͿլⲻǸΪ֮£ʦҵıŵıΪʦˣҴ󿪹ŷųЩرеĵӵ˵ѵǼĵ𣿡
Խ˵ϵɫԽѿˡ
ϣΪҪ󿪹Źأ֪֪ԼẦˣ
Ǻǣо仰ҺϲƾĪ¡һǿݣʦҪҪ㲻ԸҲᱻ
˵ŻɨһԵ麣һۣٶЦҵļƻ麣ִ˶ףԸɣ¸صɷ磬ΪʲôͿأ
һ⻰÷ζըˣ麣ƽʱ鲻ô뵽ͻȻˣһָۣ麣磬ۻĽǸ壬ҼǵУ⻰Ҳ̸ҵģû뵽ܰǲʲôԻ
ңûǸˣҲǸˣΪҿ߲嵶˻ûǮ粽УΪ棬ܲضү
麣ʼ磬Ц˵ʵڰ֮ǰʲô񰡵ĶţֱҼ˺ĹҪǺǣһ˰ʦҵСѾûˡһмֵҲԸԼĺͼΰҵҷ˵ѵһֵҵ𣿡
˵ʵһֱڰаʡ
麣ͷЦ˵ֵܣҲҪˣȷʵԴвȥʼһеһУƵľ֣ȥ㱨¶ǺǣҲԼķǵߣ񲻾͸侲˼ʱˣҽ˾ǵעʦҲڰаǵĺͼҵˣ
麣˵ѵϵ·˺ϵɴ˶ɵۣǰܵȫˣֻһ˵ĵ̣ϵշͷֻڽǸעĿ
麣Ц˵Ȼˣ˵Ҳ᲻ͼرȺֵȻĲ̣Ϊ꣬Ȱʦųظ֮Һҵ׷ߣÿ˻һֱܹķ䣬ҽ׳Լҵĵ»ʵۡ
麣Ļ𾪣ȷʵ˼顣
粻ɵֱ̫̫𱬣ô뵽ԼƽʱֵھȻ
Ĭһʣ磬ȻͺվһߣΪʲôҪүЩлᦣѵⲻƻǵļƻ𣿡
Ǻǣʮ·лѾϣʣµΨһþͽǱųڶѣпޡ
麣˵źȻɨһ΢΢Цˣ˵˵ˣϴҲܲӡ
麣Ļǵ۹ⶼǸһֱĬĬ￴ֵˣ̣΢΢ϵͷЦ˵үڼˡ
˭ϵʡ
˭ҪҪ֪ǲֹǵļƻ֮ʲôҶһһġ
˵Ż˿˿Ȼվ˵Ϳʮˣ麣ǸסǣҪʼ̳ˡ
˵еƵ˱ļ̳棬ֳľʼ̳ϵһüС㡢ԭĻ֣С㡢ӣҳħ
һڣϵ͵͵Ѿֶžͱּײţŷ˲ڿײ⣬һ͵˵ǰ
ʦִԲ򣬾ͱͽˣ
˵һ˫ۣΰ׹Ȼ˫ת
ϵȻҲʾȻˣǿŽӡʩ֮ǰ˵ʦڵΪʱͼϵӡɣһơľˮлֽ̹˫ϵӰ˲ֽ
ϵֽӡۼ񡢺ŮѾǰ
Ա߿ţںĶһɫʱʱ֣춼ϲ£ˣܿϵ֧۱ѾѪʪһƬ
С㡢ӣң
ϵһ֮ƴСͺ統ȥϵǧСģˣöԸ
ϵʱѾƵ̧־ϴ򡭡
˲𰡣ӾͲ˲ʺϡ
ϡġûȳأȻһӺ±ܿ߬סһƣһƽʵʵ˺Լؿϡ
һ˲䣬ˣҲ˲ϼˣƨɾԱܡ
һˣҲסˣӵϼʯͷϳ壬ȴһЦС˼ҵɱǾͱˣǵĶء
˵麣˹ƤŵЦͷǵշһ׹¶
ʦɽ䷨ΪҼӳǿٺ٣ھ͸оҩһˣ⼸һֱװ˿ҸﻵˣӸһܡ
麣߹ʱӼ̳Ӱ˶ʮÿ˶ӵֽۣקſӡ
麣ͷһֱǲˣϡСԼȴȥˣûչǡ
ʮ׹麣ˡ
һãһҼ˵ֵܣһСĵ㣬ͷңʣµ
л磡
һ˵꣬ȥһžߵһһ§һᵹĸ˹һţһߴһߺܴ
һ⻰Һ޲ðʯͷԴҹȥûأںϢϵȻҴҺˣ˿ַҵˣǵ׹̵ַ
׹̣ү׹ǧǰѽ


053 ǧǱ
⼸׹̡Ѿİˡ
֮ǰϵڿ˵ʱصĽɾѾʦˣ֮˼ʱ׹Ҳ˰ɣ
Ȼ˿ϵɫȴԽԽѿˣȻָڼ̳˵Сӣȥֹʮǰƻķ£Ǿˡ
ҵ밴Ļ˱˱ס֮⣬ʮԼͷ麣Ѿ˹ҵּ㣬һϾ͵¡
ΪʱϵȻһ𣺡СӣǧҪϲŵķҪԷѵǾˡ
ϵһڣͬ麣ļʮ˶סˣӥһ׺ݵĿ볯˹ȥ
ٿ磬§ȼһҲˣ˵үʲôʱҹѽ
û˵أһѾһϣ麣һŭ𣺡ֵǣʱˣ죡ѷ
һ˲䣬ʮȫ˹ȥ
ϵûߵҵԣקҵǰ壬߱˵СӣԷŹҪǿķǷԴɾϹ꾫ǿǧڵǵֻ죡
ǣ
ҸӦһϵְ˽žʮֽݺһѰ˼̳
ҿͶָ̫̫ϵĻֽֽ̱ҽУ޷ӽ
ۿҪ̳ʱһѺɡһǰչ˿Ůɡסҵȥ·
㿿̳
ҹ
Ķ˵£ָǼСѾͷûҵѪ㣿㷨ߣְ֣
һ˵һֱͦͦ첽ȥŻֽŮһ㶣ûӦҸϽƹֱֱż̳˹ȥ
ȻС㶷Ը˺С˱ܵһҶһۣ׹էּ佫Сײ˵ϣתͳ˹
½ɣ㲻ȥ
Ķһһ㣬ûҷӦأѾӺһѰסҵļ
ûҶ֣˵ϵѾϵֽݺĺ󱳣ֻһѾס
һͷһɨϵ÷סͬʱһֻҲѾĴ͵ϮϵеĻֽϵͬһʱ֣ϵؿϡ
ʦѧգѧľû뵽ھȻҲнʦͽ֡ףơ
ơֳڣϵǰĻֽʱءһը˿һҽУϵ˼Զŷأؿһ̲Ѫ
壨ʦ
Сͺ缸ͬһʱϵѾڵϺ޻Ӧˡ
һǰδеŭ˲ȼܶһ־͸һȭͷһμɱ˵ģҲǵһοɱԼʦģľͲˡ
ûϽܵϵ԰ϵѾһϢˡ
ոշըһ˶˵עΧŹ麣һȺҲͣ֡
ϵ΢΢ۣͶĿȴǳ޷ŭʱһ顭
ȷʵҺСĸɱ֣ⶼȲѣ;ţӲ
ԾأҲѾˮϵĶ֮Ͷãֻʯͷһԭ˵ʦЩ˽ȷʵ޷£ΪʦˣڵΪдҪʱħ־ʿٸֶΪδͨնȥɲҪǵʱأֻţϵƭӡĵѾû䣬ңֻЩ֪ô˴ʶǵҪԣʦûд˼̫ˡ
ΪҪųйŹ˭ԭ㣿ħ㸸ףȪ֪Ҳĺ
ϵȣ⻰ȴûõĻӦһֱڼ̳ĬĬǸ˺ȻЦ
ٺٺ٣үһֱ˵ʲôħţħվʲôʲô
ܵʲôվǵԼ£ֻ֪㣬˭
ϵ⻰һ˺ȻЦЦºЦ˵үʵҲǵˣéɽŵӡ󡣡
һ仰˶ˣȻéɽˣéɽΪʦ֮һΪʲôֻվͬһߣ
ûʣ˺Ȼ䣬žͼڹϵľ΢΢һಡһͳ˹
ż̳ûע⵽ǰѽѾĺ󱳡
ѪȾ͸ֽƽ⣬ͨһ͵˵ϣǰת֮죬ٶ𾪡
㡭
̱ڵϺһǻѾԵˡ
үһھͿԻش㡭
һһ˵׹ǧǰѾɵʦ׵׵ˣ󼸰еŶ׹ڸǸϾɱһһ֪Ǿ׹̱ƽ֮һϵ֧ͷ֮˱ΪʦޣǱӴ嶷׵֮嶷׵𽥱ʦͬʦ϶Ϊһ
㣬Щʲô˼ϵʡ
ЩѾǹԶʷˣҾ˵ЩȽϽİɡ
˵˸̣ЦǺ˵ʦ׹̣ڸ֮ĲԱʦ֮ͬԭ׹̽ڵһֱǱʦڣʦʵһֱڰз׹̽壬һǱǧꡭʮǰϮϮɽаǳˣʵϣ׹ʱѵѶţǱʦµһ˱ѩ޵Ļᣬң֮һ
ⲻܣ
ϵݺһۣŭʦǧ꣬б˴͸֮
ٺ٣ʦЩʱҲԽܣôأʦӣѧ޵Ǵģôö˶˵ľͳ׹̽ڣʵʵéɽѱʦѡΪ׹̳޵һ̳ߣҴСѧܲǵ䷨ۣڰм̳׹̵Ľ塢׹̣ұʹ
⻰˵꣬ǶѾ˵ˣˡ
ϵʣ˵ģô׹Ǳʦµģжˣ
Ǻǣڶ࣬ھ
һŬ죬˵ĸף׹֮̽һʦչѸͣǧйܣǾͿ⵽֣֮ÿһ˶ԼϵܣѡһһСڵԽ壬˳߲ߣڷʵҲ֪ʦɽӢ֮У׹̰зչĽڲɣвڵšϣҲʹǵĸƣøˡ


054 
Ļ˶Щ֪룬һǧǰѾĽɣȻǿޱȵļһʦ׳󣬶ǧܲ͸δֹôأģ๫֮ʱ߸ҡʷ
ĬãһЦȻд˳
ǿӵϳӣ˵Ҹ׿£Ҿʲô׹̣˵Щѻƭң
ٺ٣ڵ˵ΪΨһһˣȷʵѵõĵţ˽˵㻹Ǹڤ粻顢µɵñ
Ц˵ǵǰҵʱΪҪ˵Һһףû뵽㳹ױһĳɱ˫ۣĵ뷨ɱΪ㸸ױѩޣûȥҵݾѡҺȷʵı㣬ʦ㸸һΪ׹̽˼룬Լƣշ֣̫ˣҲֱ̫ˣ˳ʲôûУҵ޶ԣҲѡȥ󻼡
۶û˵ǴһȺֵһԵĺ絨ӵغٺЦϣϴЩŵ¶ҲСĶʦ飬ϾĿһģοǰҪʱʦȹҵٺ٣̧ܸ֣ܲͷһɡ
麣û˵ķݡ
ֻ΢΢һۣŵøϽ죬һӣЦЦ˵⣬һǿɶˣ֮ǰȷʵǺ˺ǵĿĿɲͬӦ˵ĿĶǲͬĲŶԡ
һָ˵ĿģҪų»Ұңóûûĵٴ𡭡ء
һָ麣˵㲻û٣ŶĻͶѳû̡Ҳͬ
ʼ磬ת̳ǽȥ
ǿǽںܾ£һ˹̻ıڻһι״ĺ͹ŵĻͼ
ߵǽ£Ȼ̧ǽмλһģһ˲·𴥶ʲôһǽںȻʼ¡¡زһ̳ʹӿµʯǽϴмλúȻѿһƣΧɢ
̶̼ӵĹǽںȻѵǽں¶һ⼣߰ߵդԼդһںĶ
⣬ʲôΪʲôһֱ֪⸱龰ʱüͷ
Ǻǣ㲻֪ɶˡ
ͷդȥǵĿʱҲѾȫۼ˹ȥڵͼһѪɫĻ֣𡭡
ΪҳﻮĴƹŹصļƻΪ˽˼𣿡
˵Ż˿ϵЦȻ¡
ʱѵ˭ֹҡ
δ䣬Ȼִܻ˼̳ǰһڼ̳֮ϣʮֽ˲׷ɶ䣬ʱһͨŭ𡪡
ж£ǧڼµڣ׹̣
һ£̳мһͭȻһͮͮԲһȻ֮ǰߵǿǧ굤
ǧ굤Ưڿɢһŵĺ⣬֮ڣһͨĴ쿪
麣ʮ·ᦼ̳ҵûУ
ݵ麣һۣŵ麣Ͻ˵ͷ
ʱһǺѾǧ굤򿪵ĺɫд쳣޴УҾѾʼȫŵͷƤˡ
žͼ֮ڣȻһĹͷצ֮꣬ʮٸɫҵӰ޺ŴӺ˳޺šţ·ڴһ
Ѿڵ̫ˣļƷɡ
󱳺դһһķֽдһģһԣֽ̧һָŷֽ˲䡰һȼžդڴһҰްĹֺ𣬺ľ
ĻҲԽԽǿңոմǧ굤֮İٹͬդĶסһһȺȺŶŷȥ
㣡㵽ʲô
ˣٿϵҲѾǺǽҧزδڡ
Ǻǣ㻹ҪųЩԩɲΪ˻˼ģΪⶫĵģҲŹ麣үҵЩ̳䣬ʮС̳ĹŹسȫƻһЩһʣȫΪʳ
⻰ɫԽԽѿҧŭԭһֱң
ȻҲǵŵӣΪéɽڴˣǸͨ׻˵־˭ܱȵڵżҴˣҵȻҪһҲƹŹ֮ˣ㣬õѡ񡭡
ûͷդ֮УЩǺĶҽ·ɡ
׹ڵǱǧ꣬һֱѰһһٻŵĻᣬڼǰҵˡҶķ·ˡӵ԰׹̸˵ȴŹŴӡţҪָԹŹΪȡЩŹӳȫԵøɸɾٺٺ٣ɽ½ħɶ𣬴Ӵֻиͷ׹̣۰ķ
ˣ
ۣɫԽԽѿֶݺ˵֪ıƣҲ㡭
վǰˡ
ϵں̾˿˲١
Ϊɱ˫ۣѾ˴㣬ԸԸĹ¡
Ĺ£ңü𣿡
ͷƺѾϵ˫ۡ

СĲ£ϵǿ
ΪʦΪС㳤ˣȻԸᣬΪҵĺӣ㷸ĴȻĵӡ
˵䣬ϵһֽһ㶣Ͻֽ̧ȣžͼϵͨһڵϣɽɽʦʮĴʦű֮ݴʦ֮λʮ꣬ʱһʦʽλ
˵ֺʽΪɽʦʮʦΪšʦӡΪ塢ʦͼȲ
ϵ˵䳯ߵݣŵ㵣߬еİֽȾȫסˡ
ʱϵȻ˫һĵӶֱ֣ڼ̳߿Цˣ˵ͬʱӭСӣһҲܷϣ죡ᵤ


055 ᵤ֮ս
үƺðɣ
ѪˣϵסϽĲȫż̳һ񱼡
ۿžҪ嵽̳ǰʱۡ졢ɫӰٶȵҵǰ棬ֱǺ񡢺Ůͷˡ
Ҫ뵽û뵽ǣѾ첽嵽ҵǰָǸÿΪǾлҲ󣡡
ˡ
һ㶣࿴һ֮󣬺ͷϽ˵ȥǺŮûУգۼѾת泯̳˦־ͰԼĺɡ˳ȥֻͷһЦ
ҼǵÿμЦֻһʱһֱپ£ˣûЦôôɹ·ص
ʩϵһѴɡһ˶ʼԼԣҲЩɵۣϽԱߵ麣һȺǻɵŸʲô죡סǣ
ǣ
һȺϽӦһ׷״ӵϳʯͷӣͳ˹
麣ü۳ǰ棬ۿҪ嵽ǰʱȻ͵һʯͷݺݳ˹ȥ
ȥʯͷȻ˦־ʹ˵Ǿһ£麣ѵҲ췴ˣȻеĻ꣬ΪǿĿң
ȥүİɣ֮ǰ˵Ǹ콭ģǸˣֻҪзֽЩųȥܴȡ˵žͲˣһֵǣ
麣һ£ʮŻеʯͷӷ׷׳˹ȥ˵ѳɡѷųôԵЩмܣæҹ˲ʯͷ塭
Сϣֵڻ㣡
麣ͷһߺȣҲ˲Щ֮ǰĹˣΧʮŻ챣Ͻż̳˹ȥ
һȺ˸ճ嵽̳棬ӵºȻ˸СͷɫӣڶĸһҲû顣
ͼʮָϲʮߣÿ϶ϵһƬƬĹκƬڶָƬȫȻˣˣö죬ΧЩϸǲҽʮŻһ˲ĹͶŵóɢˡ
ʱϵںһŭ𣺡֮ǰҵˣ
ϵһҺȻ֮ǰҼʱϵҹԼ뿪ʱµķ֮У㱻ͷõƬȻϻϰٵϸСĵˣѵ˾µģ
ۿͷ˹ŵҸϽԱȻӺֺҵѽⲻǵ߳彭ĺðүӣǶĶߡ
Ȼ֮ǰǾͲ²ϵĸпλڽͷİүӣͷɲ򵥣λںڵŷɥ
ĿӡϷһźõĴʼˡƻ֧ߣֱڶǽϵĴ˵һ㣬ˡ
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ǿʬ
ûףѾ˵үӵʬ麣͵͵˴ӷٳģøʬΪ
˵һ£ҧҧ˵֪˿ɴҲʩѰүӵĻǾ˻ÿʬס
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˵ˣͷȻᷨɵôҲǽһŶ޵еѵ˭ҲƲˣ
ʱһŭѾʯͷ
ֵܣøʲôʲôȥ½ˣ
߬ʯͷүԴģүҲתֿʼԸ磬粢ûսд򲻵үӣתܣһһ߻ͷͷֹֹ
үӻ汻ŭˣҰ׵¶һر飬Ⱦ׷ȥϽﺰ˼ɰүӸᣬ׷Զܡ
ǰһǸǿˣû뵽ƾԼѿʬ
ɵؾ̾ϵȴҡҡͷˣǰүĹϵĹϵȻʿ߱һֶʩ
үӵעҸϽתֳ̳˹ȥһΣѾˣһӷ̳ݺ˵ԭΪֻҪ麣үٽʣЩСϺСзΪ壬֪ô鷳ǰȶɱǡ
˵ŻһŻֽͳ˹ֽɵպȻȼȼĲǻһըɫ⣬Ӧþéɽͳ׻
ûȻֽɵǰѾһǰֽ䣬ĻֽȱһһûΪһŻҽ
СϺСзȲùܣȻһûǾ͸ˡ
ƾ㣿㱳һͻʣ°ڣҺΣ
ң
Цûͣ£СѾ粽ߵԣһЦ˵磬Ҿ֪㲻ǻˣ
ϴЦˮѾֹסϹ
ң
մϡĺſŲ˹Ѿðˣǹ򶨵γһָᶨ˵ñңһϡһȥܣ㡭
ɻûȺ˵꣬һǰȻ߬ס˺󡪡
ƾ˭סң
˵һ֣ٶԼؿϣһ໰úſӾԱܡ
ȶ̵ģֻǧ굤죡ȥᵤ
ۿСһţһۣΪ˴뻹ֱ̳һѾ߬סƯڿвϷųɫâǧ굤
һ߬һ¾͸Ƶ˲䷢飬ϵϽں溰죡ǧ굤ȡ¼ֹ̳
ҵͷƴȫһһ㤵عǺžͼпǵ𽥵رպϣԽԽСȻ֪ԼΪ֮͵Ĺǻܡ
˫ŵס̳ݺһʹڰǧ굤Ӽ̳ϳһ뿪̳ĺ˲ɢ٣һбŵͨһ˵ϡ
ˡһжˡ
ûС
Цû䣬ѾݺݵҲϽŵվһֻĹѾһϢ˵ϣ麣Ҳûˣ¼ʮһڵϴŹء
С㣬סвڻ
ģϲŮԲԣǺãڸһѡĻᣬҪҪԼ˵


056 
ҪС㡣
ĻҸ붼û룬־Ͱѵ˹ȥϵӵۣҵһ˵໰
žϵָ׷Ǹ鳣
һ⻰Ҳˣ˻ȥңϰ鳣ϲСֶŮѵ
ϵпԣСȴȶ̵ģҾԣھҲǾһʱŶҪٽѣ˭ܻ
СһԾˣȷʵ˼룬˭ܻ
ǶǸʲôڶ֪ƾոһֽоѾŵöսľˣԱ˳Ұǻˣ
С㡭
ҳĬãջǳһ֡
ҪС㡭
ȶ̵ģ㡭
С۶Բˣвǽˮ
ȶ̵ģҡ֪Һãǡ嶯ңҴСûûһֵΪһ˾ͺ硭
ȥүģұ죡
һۣ˻ȥС㣬ҵ硭
㡭
С㻰ճڣˮֹס
󣬷ſС㣬ˡ
ûǰߣֻſСԼȡ
ȻһҴӦȥЮС㳯˹һһһִֻӻͳ˸дĵĻɫ˵ѵŽȥҾͷˡ
ȶ̵ģҪǰǧ굤ԭ㣡С˵
Ҹû˹ǰ˼ѵŽȥ
û֣ע⣬ץŵϰȥ
ͻȻ͵Ϯʱһ㶣˲䷴Ӧ˹Ϊ֪ǧ굤ԵʣϽһסСҲвӳһᵹ˵ϡ
׷ƭң
һ˦̶֣ŵĻֽҶݺ˵ⶴûҵĶ֣Ȼ㲻ʵʵѵңҾɱ㣬Լȡ
⻰˵ûϵ͵ϮˣұĶվˣ麣һƬ֮ȫˣҲָˡ
ͷεЦٺ٣ղű͵ϮһõŪˣû뵽ʧˣܾܲôɣҪǲǣٺ٣ʬȡ
Сһۣû˷Ӧ̧־Ͱѷźǧ굤
Ҳ㡭
Ҫ
һǧ굤˶ͬһʱʱŭһ鷲֮´ֻҷȻ޴棬³һܾ㣡ҴӦɱǡ
īˣˣˡ
ҺٺһЦƬ֮͸оؿڴڵ⴫һݵؾȸС
ҵͷһԼǻѾ߸߹𣬴ǻһźɫâؿڣ󽥽ɢȫ
ȣȡ
ȶ̵ġ
С޺ųסңȴصǰһ§סȰ˵Ҫǧ굤ڣһҲҷ𡭡
磬ſҡſҡ
С㣬ģ𣬱
ҡͨһڵأȻ˵ԵЩˣһ죬ѾɤðǱǿף۾䣬Ըоǿҵ˺Ѹдȫ£ƺһδ֪Ҫҵ塭
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ǾʹҲܲסˣŻҵĲ鴤ڱŴ֫ĺŰסں֪ǰһֻ̣ݺݵĽڼ
ۿŴѳɣû뵽ֹס׷ҪɱȫңʮǰڸɽʱһѪϴҡѪ
û˵꣬ѾȫˣҲû֪ǰʣһѪɫΧҡ
ҿܣûû壬ϵ¡ȫǺɫ۵ĺɫ
ܺúˡ
ȻһϵǺɫдţǰ߹һӰǸձĹͷߣ֣Цеġ
˭ʡ
ȱңӣһ⡣
ߵҲҲ£ִЦ˵ӣǧԶ̣ܾڻҰɽУֻ࿪ռɽ֣ҲŲѶߵˮ̶УǱƣʵڿɺޣȻöغôһʱߺŻԼǧУ׽١к֮£ﱻɾ㣬Ȼ͸ҵһθĹµĻᣬȴûҡӣΪʲôңһѣұؽжúñѽ
ǺǣԭֻˣϹɡ
ҹһЦȻ֪ˣô֮Ķʲô־ԡ
Ц˵үڸ˵ЩҶûʱ갡һأĶеӾң֪ûү㣬ΪʲôᰲŸĺֳǸ׳أ
⡭üͷûش
ֽ˵͸ľݣΪûԹ޲ô꣬Ϊʲôأһĺӣ˵Ҳҿ㣬˵ҸҿôһˣƵö𣿡
һ㶣Ĭ֮ڿ˵վеһԵע鰡
עҾͷǵľ⻰˵δЩ̫Ψˡ
ЦŴҲʲôѧɵˣҲûʲôĻɻ΢׵ġү˵ǴǸԵΪʲôͷǵ찲Ҿأһǧ꣬顢һ˶ʮ꣬Ҳ顢Ҳܰ˾Ͳܰҵ𣿡
˵̣һӿڴȴˣŷ֣ҵȫһεޡ
̾˿˵ϸеʱʦǽһС£ܻһܻ꣬һҹʦǣǵĵλƽȵģΪһ껹һҹⶼһͬʣˣҲҵģƾʲôһҪ㣬ϣΪʲôأ
һҵĻ˵꣬Ȼһ
ӣΪ㲻ѧû뵽㾹Ȼ˵ⷬһǧϹ꣬û뵽һԾˡ
˵ɶɵʡ
ûлشҵĻǺȻ˷һʧأȻڵͷGʹ˵ӣԭңѽҺͿҺͿ


057 ٽ
ֺֿģҲֹˣԱ߿˵˾仰
үвɣ
һһڣˡᡱһ¾˵ˣ˼ˣ⻹ң
ҸҪǸȴֹЦ˵ѽӣЩһֱкޣ޵ǧƣΪȴ̤һݣ޵ԾңΪȴȺһҷ𣡿Ҷˣ˵Ĳ̫Դ̫ΨˣΪԼһǧ֮꣬ȴ̣Ҳ飬һһľһһ޽ԣҲǻþöѣֱǸأԭǳΪҰŵģ㡭˶˵޳ǧ꣬Ҿ
үв۵ΰ
˲ûң˵Ի
Ȼ˵İţԵ⿪Ľᣬһж
Цתȥ죬·еص
ıӰΧųһŽĹ⻪⻪ɢͬµѪɫɫﶼˡ
ڣԶӰΣΪһֻϳɫëĴ꣬ʧ٣˵ȴ޾дš
ëóǣ׽˵ֽҲ
֮һĹЦΧ͸Ľ𽥽һһû֪
Ҳ֪˶ãһԻ֮дҶ
ȶ̵ġȶ̵ġӣô죬΢Ϣǲ
żҹʲô
ǣǿô찡
ԡɵƣɵơ֣ɵơ
ںһУҽۣоͼСһ˿ϲ΢Ц
ȶ̵ģˣ̫ˣ
磬죬ôϡԵĺ硣
ɶ
죬ôϡ
Ŷ
ͷϽ䣬˵С˭
㡣
û䣬ͻȻһץס󣬾ͳԼؿڰȥԼϣ粢ûбֳ֮ǰ־ߺǿˡ
СӣݣҸûꡭ
˵껰ŶӾԱߣ֮ǰվѾվˡ
СĲվΧһǻڶϵҧزסߺ޵
ȶ̵ģ㣬û°ɣ
û£Ѳк󸣡
ҳٺһЦָֻˣ
ҵ͵һͷʱһƴȥһһŻֽѾ塣
Ѿ˶䣬㻹ôţ
Ȼǰһ뻹ʧɫ󣬺һȻһ׽ĵЦٺٺ٣Ǹ󱿵Ȼô׾ͱǸʰˡ
ëȻЦ͵һ˳ս֣ƺȫûκεЧ
ûϵӾ֮зӦͼָһ֣Ц˵С˧磬㻹ˣκǧ굤һ£㾹Ȼ˶ܲǺǣСŮ
˵ŻŴʹŮһ˫ִҡ˸һȫɵˣӸò̬ɣ
ģǲʲô̼Ҿʵ
С˧磬ڣҪĻͷСŮһΪתԵټ
˵ŻȻդһ·СܣһϽ˿ھʹ׷ȥȻ׷ûԶͺȻһͨһ͵˵ϡ
磡
СһſڵϵϽұ
ʲô
˶ʧɫ֮ʣѾЦܵդϣϳŻֽһһֵ˾Ȼıˡ
һ˽ȥһҪܸϽǰ׷վסӸջܣ
ȶ̵ģ׷򲻹
ǿδأӿǳԹˡ
ҵλż̳̳ǰקסһֻ첲ɸҪһžؿϡ
һߵùݣ󵹷˺üɽżߣɸһ£͸оµ˲䱻һҲƵģͨһڵϡ
ȶ̵ġ
СҪѾ˿߹ϵȴסԿһ֮󣬱߶˵ڵ߳࡭
ʧϰ󣿡ſڵһ
ϵüͷ˵ͷܽȥĶ̾˿˵ϵײʲôܣéɽڵĵӣҲ޵ڵ޵ڵݼأϰǰѾʧˣʦʮĴʦű嶼᲼ʲôʱµģ
˵Żϵý˲ڼ̳µļʯͷŻֽ˼֮Ҿ͸оɽŵ׻ָûþվˡ
үϢȥСץ
˵壬ϵȴסңҡҡͷ˵ȥ׷Ҳ޼£˵ǶѾ߰˳ɱ㲻˼ңҪŪҲǵָһӼ䡭
ô죿ܾܲô˰ɣ
Сӣȱ£㣬Ϲ꾫ǧĵôỹö˶վ
үҸոջʱ˸ΣεǸͷˡ
һҲ׷ˣԼؾͰ¸ϵ˵һ£˵֮ϵʱһ쳤Х
ȻʹעҲһԵǣٵǰ
˵ŻϵȻұһ£Ұѵ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲôһ˼·ٿˣѾȫ¶ɫҸϽŤͷϿţ֮ǰһεѾϵҽõë˳ҽŶĻ⿴ȥë͸һ¶һѰ·
ҵѽү⡭ô¡
ǧ굤ΪϹھԪ֮ʱѪȾɡϡɡ˵ѪȻ˵Уǧ굤ִԭ򡭡
ϵָһ㣬̾˿˵ʱִɷ٣㵽Щ֮գȴ㲻ز˽٣٣һڸˮˡ׷ǧ굤ѾΪһ壬Ϲ꾫ҲĽᣬó֣ܵȴ֮ϡ
˵ʲôƶǶ
˵ǵ׽ʱϹصδξ𣬽پûнˮٽΪ٣ֻһʼ٣ͷϡ


058 
ϵ˵е£գʣү˼ǣϻ˾ûɹҪң
ϵĬĬףû˵
ôģүҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ϵûҵıԹְ̾˿תͷһԵС㡣
˶һ֮ϵȻ˵СӣϹ꾫ûи˵ʲô
˵Ļɶˡ
ϸĥһ£ִˣʱ˵һ䣬ʲôëóǡʲôġ
ëóǣ׽˵ֽҲ
ûԭϵȻֲֻ˵˳һ⻰һ㶣Ͻ˵ү⻰һֶģô֪
˻ΪʱµһԢԣҡϾҲգˮ½ΪһУ겻ΪΪޣͬڹëýǡһЩҰʷҲмأ֮ʱëҰǣ׽֮´ң̳
үЩ˵е¡˵ϵһҡͷԣȴһ䶼û
ʱСȴԱ߽ӹ˻磬ӵ˵壬Ҫ͸ɣ⣬ⶼ
Ҳֻˡ
ϵ̾Ϣŵͷ˵ëԤѳ棬ͷѾԶˡ
߶߶ĵ˵ʲôЩż
ͼС˹ǳĬһ˵ȶ̵ģ֪Ϊʲôһֱñ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ȷʵֵͦģһؼңȻ˯ʱͷ϶ñӣһͦϲǶñӵġ
ʵ
˵ŻСֽ̧ñժñһͷںڳ˲们磬Ƥģ˼ָԡ
СС㡭
ЩˣٺɵЦ˵ʵ㳤ӣÿ
𣿡
Сشһ䣬˵ʱͼͷͷȻһһعûҷӦأͼֻë׵İöѾͷ˳
ѽ
ŵһҽУһ˲ͨһ˵ϡ
㣬Һ
Ųڴ㣿
Сһ죬˵ʵҺһٲʱۼ׽ٽĲǹ꾫һֻɽ˰˰ٶӾ
ҵ۶СͷֻһһƤö䣬ȫԼ۾СĻˡ
СҲ˼شͷûм˵
ϵһ̾˵ⶼעһС꣬ʱҴͰĴˣɽҵ׷ɱΪƣһɽ˼аĹΪСŴǺܺýĹټСͰʱûչˣҾʹһɽû뵽ֻӾЩУһʱҲƲӾӯǲʱ콵׽Ҫ׾ͰӾãұϽСͰ뿪û뵽ӾǰԪСͳ
˵ϵԼֶŮһۣ˵Сӣ֪СĸΪһֱߣһΪ˰ɽ˵עв̽ʮǰɽϮ࣬ڶΪĴѰҷС㣬ô꣬СϵӾѾҷˣȴ֪ʲôǶöȴһֱңʮСͷϿʼһֻ
ϵ˵ŻǿСͷĴĳ¶һָֻ׸ǴССǺɫģȴһȦȦɫ·ȻЩ־壬ò˵ǽǵɰģ䳤Сͷϡ
һֻӶһֻǣҲԾؾЦСȴˣݺݵ۳һ죬͸ҪɱƵģתͷϵ˵壬𣿾͵ڿ˿϶û˷ֵġ
ʱˣǾͲҪˡ
ϵ˵Ȼڻްʮ꿪ʼһֱڽͬСϵëһ
ϵָһ£˵ǧëΪë꣬ëһҹ磬ëԽԽ̣ëýǶа˵Ԥԣëý٣ѾӦԤԣ¼ͷˡ
壬ǣǿô죿Сæʡ
ϵҡҡͷ˵˭ûкð취ֶĴ죬ȷʵҵһЩֹëýʱķǷֿסýǵƹëķǴס
ϵ˵һȻ򣬹ֲڼһαϳëʱϵôװϴ塣
û˵ϵ˵Сӣ֪ʲôһαϳëֻǳεıѣֻܵǧ굤ĸţôײ֮ܽëȥѾǧ굤϶Ϊһѳ˸˰꣬СĸҲķôëԶ㱳ˡ
ϵĻȷʵеˣһͦ˧Сӣһ󱳵ëҪһӻ˶
Ҳû룬ΪСͷǶһһöʵ̫ɰˣҽסֺٺЦ˵С㣬ȥ
ɶܣСƳһʡ
ܰ˰ġҹЦ
壬Ҫɡ
Ҷ˵ˣ֣֣ȿȡ
ϵˣˣһֱԣС˸Ͻ졣
ϵתڲԶͷЦЦ˵㲻ţܼʱǲеҡ
ʱʦ𣿡
̧ǺںĶһָü˵û뵽ȻҶƭȻ֪ʲôȻöԸһУΪҲɵġ
ⲻ㣬һжš
ϵ˵תС˵С㣬㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ɣһ٣ʱߵãⲻˣԼҪˣҪ٣ϢϢأΪһСΪʱ㣬ѾһˣΪһʱСȴֻǰڡ
ϵɨһۣ
ǧ굤壬Ѿˡ
˵ʱһ󼱴ٵؽŲԶڰдһǻѪ粽˹ɻûߵǰأȻסˣҺɨһֿۣһСͷϵӶ䣬ʱɵˡ
أCosplay
ҸϽ磬үأ
һүˣĨ±Ѫ˵Ҵʯͷˮˣ
˵ǰߣһǲſϡϵϸܵ˿ڣϴϵ˵ûأȻۡһ
ߵǰϵȳһЦ˵һ¡
˵һظ˿ڵѪ
ڽܲܰҸæǳ
ϵһڣ˶סˡ


059 ת
壬˵ʲôСʱ
ϵȴûֵ̫ˣЦЦڵϳ˵Ƕȷ
һ˵ǸϽ£˹ȥŰϵСͼϵȻһתûǷӦѾ֮䴩˹ȥһѾֱĺϡ
壬㡭
С㻰ճڣϵѾĲȫǰ˸һŻֽ֣СĶͷϡ
䣿ʦʲô˼Ҳƺһϵ÷ֽк嶼ˡ
ϵûǻͷ˶ǽӰѾ˵ĺ磬Цһ˵ӣʦ᲻õľˣΪڣΪʦ˼˲٣ϧʦһֱˡ
ʦʦ𡭡
ںУϵֶɵ۵Ц˵һ麣˰æǴȥ麣սթҲ̫ģھͺöˡ
ɣʲô˼羪ʵ
ϵ׵ĶɨһֻۣͷЦ˵ұһͨӣʦΣʱСݴʦ֮λҵʹѾˣ·ôߣԻãųħΪħ֮ʿҲܲܡסⶴ֮ټգϽд˰æڣңΪȻǳȥˡ
˵ŻϵתͳǶȥСŵһϣϿϵȴԼѵŲŲǰƶ
ѪԯĪҲǣΪ֮ˣҵʹ
ʦ㲻ȥȥҲ˻
ûҲҪȥͣ
ϵЦ˵׹ڵ֮͸ǧ꾹δ֣ʮǰ÷ɽΪˣߣԼ磬׹̵־С㡢ӣҲˣ·ôԼаƣǶһģ֮סһ仰˼е˲𡭡
˵ŻϵȻһ̧һѳϵĵۡ
һ˲ͼŷͬĽɫѩһ׷ڵϣǽϡϣϵǰ˼һ֮ءһ촫ұڵĻζդĶڶʱʵʵضˡ
ϵЦݰŶڵĺܿͬʱʧ˶УҲûһ˿
ûٺҲûٽУ˶Ŀɿڴ̮Ķڣȫˡ
һǰһ뻹ö˶ߵˣôʧˡ
Ҳ֪Ĭ˶ãȻĨһϵѪᣬתһԵ麣һ˺麣æ뿪
һŷӦ˹Ͻߺµ˹æ׷װС㡢ͺĸ̧ʼųܡ
һһ߳麣죬ɷ˵磬ٽһ磬ñˣҲ׳˶ҪǸҶһëҲһ·
ֵܣֵ𼤶ôôء
麣Ц˵ԣȷʵԲǣҲΪԺܹĸһǣû뵽ӴˮһգʲôûˣҸﻹҪԣ
ûǸؾ䣬̶ˮϣͣڰߵʮҹŴľ׷׶˹ȥһ·Сͺ綼̲סGʹһֱҧزȦҲҺ磬Ҳͬ˹ȵһȫ᲻
һȺ̧ĸ˶ϽϵķԸȥҴ峤򵥵Ѷһ˵ŵô峤һȺˣ峤Ͻټȫ˰æɳӰˮ࣬ȵļʱ򣬶̫̫ĶѾȫˣǰ漸ʮ׵Ķƶסˡ
֮ǰǽȥʱϸǶܶڶĴʯͷûڵÿڶһǳ׵׵û˽ķ
СһĬһˮסʱҲһֱԱ̣߳Ҳʧ䣬Ҳһʵ̫ˣӶﱻֱ̧ʹҽҺȥˡ
ϵķֱҵƽˣŰ˺ȥ
Сͺ綼ϵСģȽ侲֮⣬Сͺڱ׷ĶǰһʵվûˣҲڴͻ˽ׯ
ˣʱʲôˣǵֻĵıʹ
˽ׯû뿪С㣬С㣬绹ˣ̫أհСͻؽׯͳŲס˹ȥ͵ҽԺ
Ҳû뿪ΣҲףۿСͺʹô뿪أңġ
Ҹ绰ǵ˵Ĺררĵڽׯչǡ
ϵ֮һжˡȻ˴һ֮ҵ϶ƽˣǻزȥˡ
ʱʱԺſڵżϷŸӣһ߳һɵɵϵӿڵȴһ漣ȴϵһǰһЦǺ߳
Ȼѡ£ƺӦͻĸı䣬󲿷ʱ䶼뿪Ҳ֪ȥʲôط
˵С㣬죬޵ɤӶˣȻֹסˣȴһֱԼﲻԸţ˭
ҲҳҽӣΪ˿ֻҪһпҾſһͲҡ
δţÿҺͺ÷˶һݷſڣԼýȥԣֵοСûоʳÿ쵽ſͷʱܿǰһٷ˵ѾտҲˣҶٷġ
Ƕʱƽľ޲ˮһȴֹ¶һֱ¡
ֱһȥСͷʱſ˶ۻȥȡʱСſڣںԺҸС׼ķˡ
һָıˡ
ˣɶأ
ź粱һ֣ͨ߬ſŵҲסˣòװһ׷ȥϽ˵ֵܣֵ𼱣ҽѽ
ͣүѷ˶Сʲôô죿˵
ѽ˵ķ˶ҳԵġ
˵ʲôСأҶʱˡ
СͲڣǿյģ㲻ߣû˵
⻰Ҿ͸һϽץźȥĶˣΪʲôʲôʱߵҶ֪
˵ӵ˵
ҸҪٶȱʣȴ𼱣ȥһ£⼸ͻ


060 һ̨Ϸ
һͷһƺȥջſڶź
õվָʣҲ֪С㲻ڵ¶
Ҳ֪аʱ䣬ķ˻ҳԵġ˵
㣡ǣ̫۸ˣ
Сӣ۸㣬ֻСߵʱн˵̫ճˣ㣬϶ҡ˵
һˣʣСȥĶһСԼһܷĵ£
ˣչ˺Լ
˵˹˵ܲչ˺ԼҺܻɡ
⻰ʲô˼
һ꣬ûشأڵϵĺ˵㻹ʣϸ¾Ͳ˵ˣ˵£ԱֻչС㣬ҺͰأÿʱҶֻ֣ôһǳԣܲ𣿡
˵Ҳε˵ǰڼܳԱʲôҪÿȥɽժҰӳ伢
㣬ÿ춼ȥΪժҰӣһ£˵СӵǶ󣬳Բ˵ѽ
ҸþȵһѾˣͷȥ˵ˡ
̾˿˵λҲܹѽҪΪչСģҼʳûˣȻСΪǣΪչǰѹˣ׬һǮûУû׬ǶѵԼ˳ԳΪʲôǵõӣӱķ
һ£ˡ
޵֮ˣҪ˵
Ҳǰ¶СҲֹ
ã±С׽ź
ͳһ̺жѾˣԼǵǮͻɾˣ̵Ǯûˡ
أһ̾ſеԲֻȻ̾ˡ
۰ǰˣɾͿûûˣ磬ǼүǶڼҶ𣿡
⻰ڣˣͷ֪ôźá
ֳĬһᡱһ¾վ˵޵֮ˣҽȥɽҰҰӣ
ͼҲվǻܣָԺ˵Ҳν˶˿ڴľųԡ
вɣ޵֮޳ҲˣʦҪ飬Ķÿް
˵￴ûˣܸܲһɣһת⣬Ҳվ˵Ҫȥ䷹԰ɡ
䷹ȥĶһ۶ˡ
Ȼȥ磬ҹеǮȥ
һʱҲ˲СˣϽͺߣûˣҲûǮ򳵣һҧһţãȥ
ʱߵߵưſѾʮˣŶĥ¶Ƥˡ
һﻹţұˣϽ壬ɸһͶɵˡ
˵ʱӦҹֵʱ򣬿ɽһ㶯ûУ֮ǰһǽʵƣһ㡢һŵĻֽǽǡ
ô£һҵʱˣҲ΢΢һüϽǽ˺һŷֽ˵Щ֣ôҶû
ѵ¶羪һ
⻰ڣҲϽϸǽһȷʵЩֽȻ͵õһģһɰдֱּ֣͸һ滹дšɵXԼүģô˶ô
ɻûǷӦأһӺںĴﴫ˳Сѽôˣ
ģƽʱ˵վȴͳޱȡ
磡ôˣ
ŵϽ壬Ҳͳ˻ֽ׼ʱӦΣգһûбˣֻ̱ڰ̨ǰ
磡
ҽһϽܹȥס۹һɨŷЩԣϾȻһɫĵۣﻹ߬һľ
磬ôˣ£أʲô˵Ҿʡ
ʱ΢΢̧ͷޱȵ˵ССˣ㣬ҳԶٷˡ

⻰ˡ
磬ҲǶò䷹ġôûţǳʲô£
𣬱ˣүǰҺˡ
ԴԴһ˵ϵˡ
ģڶү˵ȻʿΪ翴µĿ˱үһͨ佱
ĸˣΪԼ϶ǸһҧһԾͰѵˣԡСҲˣ˵ҪǱ޵
μǵӾЩ޵˶еиɽˣûУΪģԼ⼸ȫĻֱӰѵˣȻְԡС½лһԸÿĹʣԼص
ȻûˣҲûˣÿͶڵԼ棨ᣬϹԼɰԼӿˡ
ʿõĸֶԼǮˣû취͸ԡС½Ǯ˼ٹŶ˵ĵ˵÷
һ£ԡС¶ӵ޷ˣ˷Ǯû˶˸ֻܿȵľάƣȻѾҲȹˣⲻǣԺСʵû취˾˵ȥʶ˽Ǯȥ籾Ҳȥʵ߲ˡ
˵꣬Ѿ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦˣΪԼ͹ҵˣû뵽Ÿҵء
̾˿ֱԹ˵ʮͳ죬ôҲǻģģڿɺˣˣǮûˣٹŶľƭӼʮӾʣÿ»ýˮѵĿյ棬ԼֿĿհ׻ֽľͰԾɶˡ
˵Ȧˣʵүһ乧άӲˣҸϽ˵磬ҪѧΪʲôȥҲأܽ㡣
ңҲ룡
һۣһ˵үҲϲ˵˵Ҳ˼ģұүΪʦģүһֶСʦҶ
ǱలοʵǶòˣ˵磬ҪѧȷһߣȽһ·ɣѶ࣬Ķз֣ȥٻɡ
룬ѾôˣҪ˵зֵĵطһߣҴ麣ȥ
˵Ǽ۶ˣ´Ҷæڱʹˣߵغԣ麣ȥҪķҪúñǷʦһأ


061 ʳʬ
һ麣Ƕˣö⻥žߡ
ŴҾҪĳûãڰ˵⳵ҺüˣûǼӲˣ۲аɡ
һ˵Уϲޣվûбİ취ˣǻ谵·ơ˵·ĸ˼粢֣ǳ
麣ڵĵطǲԶ˵ڸһϴԡĿأûϸʣ˵бԼĵ̡
ϴԡĵ͸·ڣȥ֮ʶϰϽӭ˹Цôôˡ
Ҳû˵̫ϸֻ˵ҺģϰͽзǴȥˡ
ȥʱ˵磬˵麣ܹǷǿûøС
Ӧܰɡ
ǽһǰһ˵˵ҲˣɱϾǰе飬˵һٷ˵Ҳʲô¡
˵أںĺͻȻ˻ͳһǲ̫ˣʦĳô㣿
⻰ҶĬˣȷʵ麣֮ǰͻȻѣôҶٶЩ̼
ĬһͻȻݵ˵Ҫ͵ʰһ٣
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С㻰һڣԺ̸ֳǸģ
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063 ʬյ
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Сȷʵݵģ󻹲һ䣺ܸǼǮѹѹʵѹ˶ȥ֣ǰܣвҲҪסƣҲ˲ð
麣绰ʱɫÿ˵ʵ治æڣ籩ƢһסˣǶֲ̫͵͵˵λ߰ɣһôˣô壬СҲ߯ˣԼֵܶôԴʶô꣡
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ҼǵǸصĸ֣ȻʱΪʲôҪʬٳأ˹ˡ


064 
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Сһ˵Ȼ򣬸Ͻӻ˵ˣֲдô䶼ûãԭдĲԵ⣬ûѪ
ûйѪŸɻ޲
СƲ죬˵ʿѪǾ޿ģԽǿԼѪԽͱҶҰ֣ʵ㲻÷䣬㵯һѪȥҲħξ𡣵Ȼˣͨʿ÷ڷȻҲҪдģͬľǲͬ·꣬ķֵͬЧ
˵ʱѾһɰѪīʼëһд䡣
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˵껰С˰ѹײ̧⣬麣һ£죬ЩТԱʼGʹޣһ·͸ϱĹ԰
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뵽Сˡһ˲ˣѵˡ
ҸϽֵͲϸ۲죬ԽԽǴߵĹײİ洫ģƺʲôҵĹײİ塣
δݾҸϽֵͲˣڹײϸ۲춯һĹ򣬾žһƺӹײ漷˽ҵϡ
˵ؿɻˣ֮ǰַⶫӦǴٿذקȥŶѽôˣСǷֲ˵ĻҲǵùˣ
׻˵ŵƸߵǿ־塢־ƸߵǷŭһǾһˣҲ̫ˣ԰һᣬһоʲôԱ˽ҵһҧǷʹֵͲ
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ҽҧ˳ŹķһͼĹײİѾ꿪һ󶴣һë׵ѾӶ̽˽ֵͲĹһֱӾסˡ
Ŀ룬ǶŻһˡϽˣʱҲѾӳ˹־ͷһקקסһֻĶ䣬ʵԭڵңģǲǣӴ㣡
˵ŻֵͲݺԴ£ҵҽУϽ˵Сôôùˣһΰɣңǵһΰ
˵ʱҰӶק˹ײָȭͷ˵һΣ㶼˶ˣ㻹ԲģΪүߺûʰǲǣ
Сңûа
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ƭ˭أڣĹ԰üʬ嶼ԽԵģѲң
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ŹײⳤƵĹͼڲһ˫ַذǿ˫ֺϸܳһŮ˵֣Ȼֻܴ˼£ѾмٳһӣӲ¶
ǸĺŮˣɫ촽ףһ飬һͷڷп裬ô˾ò
ѽɶۿҪײ鲣壬Ƕˡ
һУϽҲչ⿴һۣҲǵһ˵ѽֲĹ԰ôصʬԭΪŶβˣֵ㱣أˡ


065 
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һתҪ궴ܵһץסβ;Ͱ˻ܣҪһ
ǶҲ֤ˣ֮ǰʬ治ҳԵģΪ𣿡ı飬͸ŵҪһ
һͲ³϶֪Ů˵Ų廹ûƣϽ˵Ů˵ʲôôһ۾Ͱų
ֵܣ²аǰʿʱͲŪңû뵽ڳħˣܿ϶ðһ˺˲ɡ
ôʶ
ȻʶǰŮѰ
ŵ˵ȫҡȴɱһ˰ˣĳֱЫݶ
Ļһڣֱɵۡ
㣬˵үǰŮѡˣ
˭˵ˣˣǰǣ˭֪ôˣ
˵ֻ꣬ŵ˵˱˵۸Ͻܰɣɵĵ֣ˣаĶ㰡
˵ʱһŮһȭͷ˲壬˹ײĸϣһ㤵˻𣬿ʼʮָƴײİӡ
˵С㡢ôûңҪٲǻ·һ
뵽Ҳ꣬Ƕ̫СˣȻ򣬵ϵëɣʵ岢Ǻܴ󣬿ҲһҸҪȿסˣˡ
Ѷڴ㣬ҽȥ
СǶҰﲻˣһһǸɡ
˵ûӰˣȻľͲˡ
һʱҲ֪ôźˣû취ŮѾһƿ˽ŵĹײİ壬ײ˽
˵ˣ簲һһҧģɡ
ڱʱһӰȻǰ˹ȥӰߵĶһ̾Ů˵ϣŮײ˹ײ
žĺСܣڶҰǣס
㡭͵һ㶣Ķ뵽ôһ˶ǵȻô
㻹ɵŸʲôأܰʱ䳤ҿɸɲ
⻰˵ĹȻ٣Ϊû˵أŮ˺Ȼһ̧첲Ͱëǵٹͷ
ġġҲԡ
Ů죬ݺݵһ֮˫ֺݺһˤһҽ塰ءһ˹ײʱ˿Ѫˡ

СС졭ܡ
ʧԲ˫Ҳûһ˿Ķˡ
ĳֵһ㱨
һʱѪӿҲԼɲŮˣŮûңҸϽְ˽ŴӹײĿ˳ȥƴغС㣡ңȡ
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ںĹ԰һԴӰȥЩе巢ùȱȫеѾóһɰͰ͵ĹǼˣһЩΧĹȫˣǡ
Ĺ԰ʬ塭
⣬⵽ô£
ŵһֻһŮѾӹײ˳һѳסҵĽžͰײ
㲻ŹӣӾ͸ƴˣ
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ҺС㼸Χһ㷴ӦûУѵ˵Ǽ˯𣿻˵û
֪ͷˣŮЩϢͷԿʼΡ
ۿŮ˵ѾҪҵĶͷˣȻһǴĵ״һ
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һǰһȹŮѾҺŮ֮䣬Ů˵֣˵Ůһ˺ӡ
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ͷѾһЦǲһֱһ𣿡
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ҵһϽʣ֮ǰĶΪʲô綼ʧˣ֮һֱûֹ
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Ůһ԰˵ҿǴС㳤ģôܿΣնأ
Ů˵ʱŮѾ˦ֳ˹Ůһۣ۴͵˳ȥŮߵһηڵء
£أˣ͵ǧ굤ûˣһûɶˡ
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˵ŻٴĹȥɸһ룬ּһӰѾ˹Һһȣһ䵽˿ӱϣ̧ͷһȻ
ѽ㲻𣿡

Ц˵ӹΪһǧôģװҶ֪Ūˡ
˵ĹӰקȥסǸ֪ǹŮˣϽĹ԰ڵķʼܡ
Ҳ˹ˣȻΧһȺڻȥҺشȴȫûһ
ұܱ˵˵治֣Щ˿϶ΪŮ˲ŻģɾȻŮǻʲôã˶׳
ٺһЦ˹ʱޣ޸ĸ˷׷ǹʬЩǿ׽жҲпԭ
أΪʲôҲң
սһ£ִʬζŨסˣǲʲô
һ˵һȻ򣬶ˣС˹ʬͣ
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ǰֵſڵ·£һܲԾֽżˣϸһȻǺ硢硢СһȺۼܱߣƺҿ
һ˲䣬Һɵۡ
Ҫ׽õôˣ
ЩûңҸϽǰʣС㣬ôˣ
һҵСϽվҾȶ̵ܣļˡ


066 ʿ
ΥִСĳǰûӦ
һС䣬ڵһϢɵˡ
סСϽ˵ܾ֮Ͷˣ͵Ϯǣھ㻹ܵõˡ
ǡ޵⣬İôᵽϣ
ʻһڵȴ˵䣬ǻãԼ˶ͱЩʬ˺ˡ
˵͵͵ɨһۣȻ𾪵˵Ϊʲôû£
ͿС˹ʬͣ
˵껰Ȼ򣬸Ͻ˵Сӣ治ԭΪ϶ڽˣȻţϽӳȥȱȥ
ȱȥĶҾȱ켱Ҵ˵
ˣҿǰİĹ԰ΧסˣЩʱȥҪǾֻװ˵
ȥĶҾȱʶţƵļ˶ˡ
ȶ̵ģҡ
С廰˵ȥɽһһ׹̵ĵڶҪɽмλӵʦ岮һȥҲ˳ǸɽħһҵҴߣħϮ˳£Լүүĸ֣ȥҡ
С㣬˰ɣ
һ£˵ҰϰģүүֵصģĶʲôְ
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˵ɨһߵ磬˵Ȼʿƽ֮ܣȥС뿪Ĺ԰
磬Ҳȥڣʵʹˣֱһ̯
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Сӣңһôʰ㣡
ۣ˲͸ճ˵һŶӡᡱһ¾һ伸ͳſڴ˳ȥ
죡ߣˣ
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ۿҪ嵽ſڣǻ̳ĸӡءԼˣŴðḷ́Ǯʼϵ磬ʱִӺûӰһЦһֿޣſֵڤҹ·СŲǡ
˵˲ŶӵûǣڿץһǮһŭ𣺡ˡȭͷѾ˳ȥûŵ˵ԼʲôѾһȭͷһˡ
ӰһŲſڴĺڹҲէȻʧϽĹ԰׽˲ݴ
⹦ҺҲѾ˳ȥæ纰Ͳܶ죬һߣ
ֵߣ̫ˣһȥ׷ǡ
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˵ŻҾʹܵܡֱҧԭǶ浱ôţ
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ҸϽԺܣһҰɳϿء
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һͷܣҸϽקסʱҰҲŵýѽô˵ѽ
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ܲаӻһǧ꣬нħ˶ŪңҵһξǶʮǰǴΣ̫ˣҰƤܵϿٲܣطǵӹⲻɡ


067 éɽл
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Ҳ֪ʲôʱڱ˰ѼӣȥͰˣҰһ˵죬Ϲ˵ϽͶ԰
𰡣ҴˣҴˣ
ŵöˣȳȣҸϽнһܣòҰ裬ǽԼˣȽҰѾߵˣֱѪ
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ҽӹƷֽ̾Ϣ˵ɻǮۻûа˵ʱҪֽǮΪ˹Źǰ֮ͨá
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Ǯ֮󣬻ܿҲ䣬ܽǼ̨ϵˣ׼Ӧ֮ڵϵľͿʼ
޼ҽǢʦ壬ǣ䣬ɽ䣬


068 ʥλ
귨һԼʾæǮһӽ˻ȼ
ֽǮҲʮţû뵽һڻȼͼ͵ػ⡰һʹӻ˳Ļ𽥻һŵӰϡ̴ӴЦһҵᡰৡһ¾ˣ̶̲ס
үүү
ŽүүʱһֱڿԹ۵ҰҲϽ˳̹ڵؾͿʼޣүүûǣҰ׵˫˫һֱҵϣЦ˵ӣû㶼ôˣүүѽ
үүҲ㡣
ĨһᣬҪ˵ԭ򣬵үүѾȿ˿ڣû뵽û㾹Ȼѧ˵ӦѾ֪Լˣ԰ɣ
үү˵ˣۼҵ¶֪ĲˣæҰϵ䣬ǰѶʮǰ
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Ͻܹңҵ͸˲䱻Ƶģ˵ʹˣ亹ֱð
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ǰԪʮȹһԼ
ԾأϷ޵־ȻѾǣһ˵ʵڵӶЩģ̫ϰߡ
Ƭ֮䣬˵кȻ׹¶ֻðź۾ջԱɪɪϣžҰһЦԪûԳɣԿģ̵ģ
ͨ磬ôһЦֶ˵ǶʮǰļһˣƬ֮ǰļҲûղŽ˭ţ
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069 ʿɽ
ҪҸϽסβͣϽҰԼˣ˵ȹҵҰŴӦʱǴǻ˴ҵǷʲô£
Լְԭԭ˵һ飬˵ʱ𼱻ǵģһĶСΣ
˵껰Ұֵһվüͷ˵²˳϶û뵽ʧʮ꣬׹̾Ȼֵز
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һֱˣҳס֮ÿ껹һΣȻ֪ԼõǽﾹȻŸʮǰʹڵܡ
ͼҰһקϵŵһ˲䳾һ̫ͼĵۣһһƣһԡ
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һ߰ȡһߴڵ⴫ϱĶˣÿ˳ʱõһרķǿʮǰɽѣ˱ɱ٣үүӳʱƴһүүľҡ塭
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ҰִҡǸʬ֮ɿذٹҡүүרõķɽɽ֮еһǸղ˵Ĺ԰˶ˣҡóɵؽǽˣôûˣ
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ϲҲţ
ǵģǿѡ񲻿
ЦЦ˵ҼǵҲǶʮǰˣҸհû꣬үүһȻŸҼңǵ͸ң˵ʲô
˵Ұˣһָ˵»Ұ˵ʲôŲ㣿
һ˵СëӣհʱʮˣǰҰ޵Ļô˵
ҸϽҰֽͣһ˵סڴߵĶӣҰֵʱɵˡ
û˵ʲôתߣ˵Ǹؼȥȡ
ǼϽ˳ȥźڵ˶ӼңӲݴ̨淭˸СһǸľѵͭ
һҡҵˣҰˣõ۾Ҫȥˡ
ҼûУôȥҴ峤Ҳʣһ£Ұֵһָ˵㣬ǡ
ޣôһУ
ֱ֣˵ʱ۰ˣɵһϡĸǶҿޣǧޣǰҵĦӵĿɲа
ٷϻĦġ⣬Լѡ
һۣŵöһ£һܲˣҲֻһҧӦ
谮ɾȻؼȡ˸ë̺ϣĸȺȥѹһһ߿ޡ
ʶʱ䣬ҸֻҲˣһǧôŰȷʵеĲ̣·ϾһֱοлһҵĻ̾ЦˣҼһ˵㲻̫ˣͲøɫ
裬Ϊɶô˵ҸϽʡ
ǧԹԲ񣬶ٵŸֶɥûֱѾǱˡ
񣿡
ЦˣЦɿˣ㿴Ƶʲô¸͵һãƾܰȷɿ
̫ˣҪôһǧôֵֵ»𣿡
ҰЦŴ˵һģЦ˵ҿ̫ûԹ˰ɣ
֮ǰһֱµǲ˵ˣǰһͨ񱼣ְСʱĹѾǴصĹ԰ſڡ
һС˵ɿԭأΧѾԽԽˣϵҲҧ˺ü
裬֣ǿȥ˰ɣ
ȱżĶֿɲöԸӳ顣
ת˵˵еǵǲǣȥȡֽɰīֽǮľͭǮԾͭ衢ֽֽͯŮһʯʨӡʮŹײĶ̧һŻҪ̳
ָһ£Ȼʣӣ󲿷ǶУûеô죿
еĿûеԼ취ȥ˭飬а취ѶŪ
ף
һͷϽԼķ壬ߺֿһ˵ӣȥܾ֮չ˲ˣԼСĵ㣬ȫĵط㡭
֪裬ۿ˰ɣ
ҰһͷֳҡǾſߡ
͸֮ǰǳʱһߵſھءһſǻ̳źڤֽӰٶȻ˳һЦһֿޡ
ڤҹ·СŲ
ٰ˼䣿
Ұ˵ʱֵһֱӡ͵һֳۣʱסŵӰ̻ŷɻңͬſڵǻ̳ˡ
ںһ˵ѽһֱΪû֣û뵽־ߡ


070 ħ
ſڵҰֿ粽˽ȥһһ߿ʼҡҲǹˣһҪһɺֵζ̰ƮžͼΧһһİͷŤ˹ʼ߻ζ
סЩˣǿȥ˾ˡ
Ұ˵ҡʼһܣϽҳ嵽ǰ棬Χס˵ѾɢˣϽһƿСŵʣϱû°ɣ
СһˣȻϺǿ˸Ҿ˵ɽѧʿС㣬ݼǰ
ѽֲǵһμˣҿɶЦ˵
⣬ǰ֪ɵԪٴ󲻾
ѽҵĺöϱ2015ˣ۾ͱˡ
˵ʱҲԱһ˵ݼǰ
ǵֵƴߵǸӤ
Ļ۶ˣϽ˵ʿˣܺãһҰǽ䣬ҶԸȣѧʿΧڻټǧҪǶɲʰ˵ġ
˵ʩ䣬žͼ硢С˵ĽŵըһСƬըŻֽȼճ˻ҽ
һƣ̶ָ˾СϽ˵ţѽǣǰ
ɨһۣ˵ʣǸ󵽵ʲôˣȥɽȻһЩ࣬ǹȴ֪֮٣ֻ֪éɽҶʮǰҲͶʮңڿȥһûбϡ
éɽ׻ʦëСĵӣûͶʮ֮꣬ûб仯׹йء
ɽڷأΨҹҲС׷үүǰ鵽һЩ࣬׷׹׼ħ¼׹̽ħʱأΪ֮ˣȻͳħѡ
ħ
һüͷҲš׷˵ħʲôҲ洳˶꣬ƺû˵ֶ֮ǰʱҲû
ħ׹̵߷ⷨƷ˵壬Ҳڵ󡣡
ش˵һ꣬׹̽ʿѡһصΪȻаŷܵ˵ͬһ֮У˵˫˸˵ûħ˸湦˵ʱ㿴һˣʵԷȴˡ
⻰˵꣬ȫˣϸһ룬͵һ¡
ֲʱȻͱøǻһֱͲԼˣԸһ仯ϵķˣѵΪڵĵڶ˸֣
ôһ˵ֻҪ˸ͣתǸûƵסˣ
ʱ̾˿˵ʮǰɽս֮ôңʵΪԷЩħʱ׹ǱéɽɵĽ͵͵ħ룬éɽɸ˷֣׹һ·޷ȥټɱéɽɽ٣ȻɽɽʧأʦЩݡ
Ȼأ
ʣȻʮǰɽûг׸Ϊʲôڻö˶˵վ굽ʤ븺
ûʤһսʦ׹̣ʧء
ش˵սԼʦ֧֣ȫûʣ޼ʱħûɣֻˣʦڶֵΧ£ħħ飬Ϊȴ׹ߣһֱǱ񡭡
˵ڵͬпܻûħļ룿ʡ
пܣǿ϶ˣħͣѡ
˵ʱһɱȻſڷҳſһȻһּһſ麣żʮ˳Ĺ԰
ȫ죬һͷ϶ϵдš͡İײĹ԰ͳΧ˹
ģСӸòѱ˰ɣһʱ䣬˶ؾ۵һ
ʱ麣ǻŸأô˶ˣĹ԰סǮ͵
麣˵ʱȦˣȻվߵġ
ɺһ˵˵ʲôãΪåֿܰɲˣǹ
ôˣ˵ǹҵҲ·ҲУǹĶأҪ
麣£ͼһӰѾӲԶζļ˱˳ᡱһͰѻûӦ麣˵ϡ
麣ŵõˣϽоɴļʮŵöˣ˭˵Ͼѽ
ˣô൷ҵģ
̾˿СҪȥȴסǣۿŮ˾Ϳ麣ӻˣųŮ˺ʦ㣬㻹ǵ𣿡
軰һڣǸаȵŮ֣ͣŲҽ麣衭
Ԫ㣿
Ů˵һ飬ܳ󣬳ļֱĿ˵ʱ¶һĨڵľš
ʦ㣬ԭ㻹ǵҰжʮû˰ɣôӣ
Ӧ⼸ġ
˵ȹùһֱʦѣǰ껹һշ֮ûˡ
ǶԻʱʺ磬ʲôħҡͷԵ˵ʬħʬħ˳ħħ˵ûħԼ˲˹ġ
ʱȴЦˣħʲôãʦã֪ҶʮǰѾ׹̵ˣ


071 
ʲôҲ׹̵ˣ
赹һЦ㲻֪ҲǱȻģ֮Ա׹ѡдСֻΪʴӱ޶ۣôѡأû뵽ַȴ˸ĶϱǿЦ
㹻ˣʦ㣬˵ҿɷˣһһӹ󳳼ࡣ
㷭ˣʱˣҲüαװԼˣٲʱ
ŮϵɱԽԽŨŵԱ߶˵ˣҡЩΧĹ԰תȦҰܲˣ㺰ϱǿ춯ְɣӶҡˣ
һ֮
һ£ͼ˫۸һ׹ƵľͳŮħȣͷֶ˵ǶСĵ㣬ܿܲڸ
˵껰Ҳս֣һһҼлȣɰȾȻӦԣȫռ·硣
ѾˣҸϽС˵ô죿
ûȰЩ˵
˵ŻСһ˦֣һֱֶֽԱһ˵Ķͷžءһ˵ԴըˣԴһ̵˵ϡ
Щ˶׹̵ŻģֻܴͷӾͲܶˡ
С˵Ҫ֣Ҳƴӵһ˳שͷɻûȶأͨһ麣Ѿǰ˵ѽʬ嶼ˣͷǮģ
ô죿Щ˿ɲ˵̣ѵŲܣС˵
ۿõίķ
麣˵ųʮһ֣ɵŸʲôʱôӣ죡󰡣
麣˵ȺŷӦ˹һ飬һͷЩˣȰֽٰţҸؿӾӽȥȻ񣬲ҲжСģûȰ˰أҧҽУһʱĹ԰Ҳ
ʱĹ԰ſ˺Уһﶼȼϣ
ұ£
˳ſһͼһѾĹ԰Ӽʻλ̽ͷƵƵ⡣
ǳĺֱ͸¿Ƶģϸһ¿Ÿǰأ۵ٶŤˡ
гôŰֱ֣ͷˣͲץ𣿡
ҲţǰҵǮͰ
ǵǰˣ÷Բˡ
硰ųһ԰ӣһЩûҰҡߵΧ˹ȥһϽܹȥ֧ԮСƵƵ˦䣬Һͺһſשģ˵Ĺ԰ɱһѪ·
ʱȲ죡Ĺ԰мλ̳죡찡
٣ȻѾŲסˣٿȣһжȴԽսԽ£зЦɵúܡ
Ȼգ۵ĹһƾͰ÷ڵأʱסûٶ֡
ҸϽܹȥʵ裬㲻ʲôĸô򲻹
Ǵ򲻹ȫûô򣡡
һ˵ǵڵ֧ڲ࣬ҪǽĶʲôãˣǧ굤æ
԰
һȻѣȻ֪ӦöʲôλúǺݺһͨ񣡷С£ǿæҪ
һ£һЦȴӲԶĹ԰ǽͷϴ̧ͷһŮǽأ˸ۣЦ˵Сǧ굤һ֣ɲӣΣǻ㣬ûΣգǸôࣿ
ǡ
ֱţһҧãΣˣ
˵Żͷͳǰײ˹ȥҲûȿֺſѪ죬Ҫҧҡ
ۿҾҪһͷײ˵ˣһһĺɡѾ˵棬ŮŬ죬üͷ˵УǷˣͰһΡ
Ⱥǽͷս֣һʱ˲٣Ҳ̳Ͻɰд÷䣬һֳַһֳľʼҡͷ裬ÿһ䣬ͰһŻֽĵϵĹײĶϣʮŹײĶŰںãȺ÷ץһɰһһ£ʮŹײĶȻͷıƵġ
Ѿ޳ħ¼мأħΪʬߵħһܹ֮ƥУǿȥ˵æֻҪסжҾа취Ը
˵硢С㡢ĸϽǰ壬ҲΣղΣˣסʱ͵͵ƵͰֻ첲ס
ǿסȵжӶľһһײĶᡱһʹ̳˰ȵȴȹľһһײĶɣζ˰ȵȣŹײĶȥȲҽһ͹˵ϡ
ʩŹײĶȵ˫Ҳشȥ
ȣͬһڷһԸһθĹµĻ᣿
Ĺ£ü𣿡
һХëȻȻ忪ʼҵزŸոնĸײĶѾ´˳Ȼ䳯赹˹ȥ
ǰСģ
û˲Ѿһ׹㵲̳ǰ棬˫һӷֱסĶӣȴԼĴϣŵĿŹײĶշ˹ȥһҽУӦ˵ϡ


072 ϵ
裡
һ赹Ķ˵ϱģϽܹȥһǿŶСûΣգһ
С㡢ܹʱҲϵ˹裬ŵû¡
ӣлˣҪȻҿɾ͡
мسͷлûٶ˵ʲôŮħѾЦ

һ̽ӭȥڱۼ͸һβһ
ۿͰȴѷʤ̲סпˣСһĥպسɴ
˵Ż߬סҵ֣ϵýֽ˵ڵĵУ²ǰȵĶ֣ҲûзʹãС׷ֻܿˡ
֪裬ȥ
שͷǰ壬Ķְ֪һ˻ü˵嶯ʲôҲȥ
裬ô
Ҫʩһéɽл
лꣿүүһλְԥ˵
زүүһ
ħ̫׵ĶӼϸɽħ䶼סˣû˳ֵķҲĶ֣סĿ¾һˡ
裬˵˭

⻰˵ȫˣС㣬һүȦ̺ˡ
ʱ˵Ҽǵõ갬һֱɽСʿһƬԵȴᣬ߳ŭܵɽȥ£ʮͬĵʿȻƲסһ棬̾͸ʧ˻һ·ЭˡҪܰүĻ˵ħȿԲսƣҲýˡ
裬⵹Ǹ취ɵва
вҪԲ֪ٲ㣬˿ɾͳŲסˣ
ãҾԿ
˵ѹ֮ǰ׼衢Ǯʲôģԭ֮ǰ¸Ƚ֣˺ж
Ҷ̳󣬰ϴүүʱһʩһéɽڵлѷǮһӣ޼ҽǢʦɽ
껰з䣬ͬʱΪһ֮ٶȳľһ֮󣬽ֽֽͯŮĶͷϣͯŮߴߴЦͼεӰͯŮϷɳս֡
СѾȫսˣһֻҽϵĻٿһԼ϶ʦ
ҽ˰죬ͭĻǲ֮ǰ͵һĹֽǮճ˻ҽ
ѵˣ
˼ǮͼŷȥٶʩȻɺ޹Ч
⣬ô£裬үǲѽ
ôéɽȻ飿
Ҳһ£üͷ˵ĻôֻֿܣһѾɢԸûй١
⻰һڣСͺ϶ѿ
ڵڶּ֣ʼΪ㣬Ǿܻû
⻰һǵ϶ʱ־ϲСϽʣǰҶĻû𣿡
ҿ˵ãʱһֿԱȽϴţôΪʲôȥأ
˵ǵɫֳֶ˵С׷ټοʵڲеĻֻܸӲӲˣ
ҵ˵ͷһʩл꣬ǲУУɲУҲκα仯Щˣһðץһѷ˦˽ȥһξ֡
Ķ֪һӽﶼûأءһ죬Ļʱ׸ߣŵҸϽ˼
Ƭ֮˻𽥾۳һΣүһŴ溬ߵ
˵϶ĸ費дˣϽվսսʣǶ㣬㲻Ҳɣ
һ˵һڳ䣬˸Ҿ˵ΰλС㡭
ѽɶѽ
죬ʣȻΪʲôһ
ѽСҲǺɻѽ
̯֣˵ǰĩƾţֻԩк޲Ͷ̥Ϊ»Ұ֮ãʱε˼԰죬뿪㲻֪˵أѽ
һˣȷĲˣûгϵһֻ»Ұ
ⶫʱҿɼˣҲˣ԰ڰ˵Уߣǰ¡
һ֣Сʹ˱
˵ػԱߵĴŤͷһʱɫͱˣϽֱֱȭһϹ˵ѽⲻǲС㣬Сˡ
ѭϹķһȻİȡ
һУͼɫ䣬ӿϲΪŭ˫һ񣬻ɢĺ̶ʱǶֽӰξҲõ˺ü
һʱ仭ͻ䣬ղŻצİͻȻһ龹Ȼ÷ָ֣һ㣬һ˵ŵùʮ㻹Ҳգޡ
ѽСγԣּ̯ʡ
ɸûȰȻشͻȻǰƬ֮ʮѾ˰ǰغ󱳡
һҲ׼˻ᣬľһϹײĶĿŹײĶ˰ȵ֫
һҽٶȹڵأһûĿŹײĶһӽĿŹײĶ̳ŰȵĶͷϷ˹ȥ
ɻûȶӶĿ꣬ȵȻһ£͸ѿһѾŮ˵Ӱ


073 
ͻı仯ȫĿɿڴˡ
ŮһϮŵȹӰȺϳֻ֮һӣͽöȵĹײĶ˳ȥ
ûǷӦŮѾתأ΢΢ϥһ񣬽һЦ˵С˧磬û뵽ôټ棬СŮˡ
Ů˻һڣȻ䵹һΪֹǣʶ
ϸһ룬֮ǰͬ˵Ҿֹ˵Ŀɲǡ

˭
һָûشŻֽѾǶʯʨϣ˼䷨䣬һʯʨ̴ֺ𣬽ͼʨӹӰʯʨӵŮ˹ȥ
Ů˶㶼û㣬ֻ΢΢һЦۿֻʨѾ˵ʱŮŲ̧˫䣬ʮָɷӡǰһָֻẰһơʨӹӰ˲ɢ١
һ¾ˣô㾹ȻʦƷ֮
Ů˽һЦû˵Ⱥ裬Ҽǵ󣡡
⻰˵Լţһʱ˶סˡ
ǱҺгƺǾʶֳŮһЦС㣬겻ɻã
һֱ㣬ʵû˼ȥˡ
Ů˵һ䣬һ˲ԼԭվĵطϵߣͼһӰһ󡭡
ѵСһֱڵص£
һ¶棬ŮǰһĺҲŮһָһ꣬Ц˵ұúλһ棬û뵽ȴôˣʲô鶼ûˡ
˵ɨһ۵ڵһȣһЦֿ˵Ů˵ķŮ˵Ļ꣬ڶ˵ȫ;Ȼ˲ˣΪҲһǡ
˵Ի˵껰һЦԭظû֮⡭
ɸûϸ룬ԶѾҰֵĲҽҰϽ˹ȥ
һҪͼҰѾһĵڵϣҲձͷȥһ˹ȥͷû˵ǽ
ͷӣһɵۣףүӣҷӽˮѽ
һСҲָŶԷʵ˵ҶĶ㵽װôˣ
ֻ΢Ц˵ұһȥʰɨһۣ֮ǰҰߵЩѾҡڵسҰΧȥɲܲܡ
֣㣡
ϽɱʬȺСȻҲ׾ΪأҲû󣬰ʬȺɱһ·Ұָ˳
Ұ֮ǰҡұֲһϸܵĵڣҲ֪Ǳү˵ģʱȴԶЦѾŮŮģָ֮ǰϡ
ҪĶѾˣѵһ̫ҪȲˣλԵټ
˵ŻתߣǸϽ׷˹ȥ㻹ܣ㡭
ɸǰûͻȻˣǰͨһ͵˵ϡ
˵ˣ֮ǰͿһص󡭡
֪ϲ֪ʲôʱ壬ҲðȻǰˣɻû취ƹȥأ˾ҡԼЩʬѾצسΧ˹
Ĺ԰ܴ˵Ҳмپ֮࣬һûȸɵ֮ǰ麣˰סֽȥѾҧ˳
һʱĶ˵麣ϽȽµǾ۵һӦЩ˴Σ
¿û麣ƨˣǻֽľǰשдͷһĹʹЩ˺һأͱŵö㵽ǽߵ麣ⳡֱޣ͵͵Ǯء
ؿеæˣòװѼپ߻˶ͷɵۿѾɷˣ۵ġͨһԽĵϣų֮ǰǸ֪ô¾ͱг
ǰڼ̳ĵطһҲ˹ˣͭĻѾˣǸڻϣ˫۴Цضǿһûһû
ˣ˼һȤҳӳ˹ȥЦһ˵֮ǰ˵ʲôţ
ΰӡ
ո˵ʲôС㣬˭
ŶλǶѿС㣿
һ㵣ͷ˵С㱾ΪСͬ磬÷κȴһ귽ʮɽУ̾춨Եʹ˻ķϰ
ޣҸҪȰѾҰֻ˹
һ߽˦һŻֽ˻ϣɫ̾ͱˣһ˵ѽλСδ뿪ֻλѵһ֮ԵΪλضѰΪγֺң»Ұ
ٸ秵ģٲ˵˻㣡
һۣһһ°ʣֻҲ֣㣬֮ǰŮ˸ڰȵЩ޵֮˶ûôģ
ѽʵ֪飬һ棬Сҡ
ٷϻɢ˵ųСһʹɫСͳŷҪ
ŻˣϽ˵飬˵ʲô˵
ˡ
һʣ㣬㵽˭ոǸŮʲôʣħʲô


074 ù
С֪ΪħС벽Сȴй٣λСԸֱ桭
̾˿ĬһԴԴСΰֻùʱЦùֱֱ֮ù
ΰ˵ǰĩĿƾٿеĹʿҲ񲿻Ժѡ273Թʿеĵһ
ΰΪʿȡͬһαһҫ鹵飬Ϊ֮ȡ״ԪͿԹҫڳΪˣκεԵΰкֹûϿԣѡ״Ԫء۽䡢̣̽ѧõΰʲôǡ
ûлģΪԼڣٵ꣬ٶ״Ԫɡ
Ȼ֪ǣ1904꣬1905ƾƶȱȡޡ
ΪΰԼڼ죬֪ԼǸʲôʲô⣬׬Ǯ⣬ҲӶûô
ֱͳ꣬ΰⲻˣԼܻǲʺ⣬ʺ٣ȫ˶Ե£ΰ˼Ҳ˸Ʒ֪Ļˡ
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ΰʱһԹɤȥ˹»ҰƮһƮƮһٶꡭ
еĲС㣬ΰ˵ȫв壬Լ׸֮ŮΪԼ̻˲ңҵĹϵҲҼҳΪСһ浽ΰͲԵΰʮˣʮ
Եµĵڶ죬ұ˽ҵ֮ųնֻвһ˱һǮͨ˳
ȫĲĶ˼޸ΰһ꽻ӵҹ͵͵ӳңֻΰһţ˵ԼѾƺ쳾Ҫȥɽѧһ꣬ҲΰμӿƾٳΪʿһꡭ
ƺиָ˵ΰ벽Թ£Ե𣬽;޵ȴԵδɣ֮γһֵֺǣ
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Ҳ⾯ھŵ״̬ºȻΰһɤӣ循֮ʧˤɽ£ʹߵ˾ͷ
˵һμ壬֮һٶÿ˼εҲûмˣ֪Ĺ԰ĪŨʹսǱҺ˹
ΪͲ֮ǲĪԵǣһ۾Ϳ˸ڰϵĲ䷴һæ
һǹط꣬ἰ·˸УΰȻͭﺿǶɵˣ˵ôеùˣ
̧ͷһ춼ˣ»Ұ϶ɢû˵ȥͳŻֽ˸Сֽˣΰʱȥ֮󣬾Ͱֽ˿ڴָ˵ɵеôҲǸ塣
˵ʣǰǸ˽Ǹ壬Ǻηʥ
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˵Ҳ˵ͷҲ˴ҲϢĲˣ麣˶æʰĹ԰ҾϽ뿪ڵصħһֱûѹԾͰˣӽĳ
Ҷ˳֮ۻҰ֮һαӣβˣϻ߸ˡ
ɻûǳĹ԰أŸӵ麣Ѿ첽סſڣùһָǵĳ˵ôţǾߣ
СȻ򣬸Ͻ麣һ˵ˣ㲻ҶˣΰħǮ㻹ûأ
Ǯ㻹˼ҪǮ
麣۶ˣǸտ޹ֺǿҵĹ԰Ǹʲôˣپʬ嶼ǿưô߼ǽĵǮ
԰ﻹϽãűأ
Сգۣ˵̧־Ҫ䡪
㲻ǮҲð죬ǻˡ
صûϵİȣ۾


075 Ȧ
һˣȫ̶Ψ֮û̫ķӦŰȱסʣʦˣ֪֪Լ˭
Ԫ
İɫȫޣ֪֮󣬺Ȼ˵Ԫ죡ɱң
ʦ㣬˵ʲô
ֹ裬˶ˣȻ˵ɱңҪħΪħһ֡
⻰ڣҸȫ˷ִ硣
ʱڳŻ麣СҲ˳麣ȻԸ⵫Ϊѵظÿ·
оһ˾ǰߣ·˲࣬·ׯȥĿ˾һĻ·ߺ٣쿴˼о
µġ۵ðϵɫҲÿȵĻϽʣʦ㣬⵽ô£Ϊʲô׹̵ˣھȻְԼħ
̾˿˵ԪѹߣΪԼʴӱʧǧ׹֮һѧĶû뵽һ̤ȥͷѾˡ
˵ȹù׹̵ˣ
⻰С㣬ϾͰҲǾʶǰһС
һĬջǼѵصͷ˵ΪǵѧţͬɽʦֵΨڵֵһֱѹͷϣôȲȥҡҶ˼ҲܿóΪֻгԽܲȡĺøУű׹ħʮǰɽʱΪҲ׹̲ãûɽսǱӦɽʧغһЩ֧Ҳ׹̲֮ʧأңӡ
˵ûκ˻شΪڿģѾ֪ǸǴǰοˡ
ȵۿҲʪˣ̾˿˵֮ʮҲһֱǴԼ±ŵ˱һֱŲҼˣֻżϵΪ̲ס
ӽʦòҲ׹̵ıɣʡ
⵱Ȼǣ
ȸæ˵Щһֱ֪ĶûԼ׹й¶һ䣬ҿԳˣ
ʦ㣬Ϊ׹̣㻹Ǿľ
ʧҡҡͷʣô㣬Ȼ׹ôģΪʲôǻҪħ
ǶʮǰѾƺõı
˵ȵе㼤˵ǿܲţ׹̵ĸֲּƻֱ̫ˣһǧⶨֽŵϸƻͺֶΣԶʮǰħֻƳˡδɹʱǾѾʼڰħȱĺ֮ˡ
ȸǣ֮֮ǰ׹ĹһԭΪ׹̶Ρ
˵ԴʮʱΪ׹֮̽׹˺ϧؽǧдеĸ׹֮ħ淨ڸʴӱһѧͻᣬδݱ¶ȴһֱʹá
Ϊˣ׹˵ʱר˶ƣֻҪʩչ׹ͻᱻƳҧԭΪ׹δʶİȫʩֱףˣˡ
׹̽ѧϰ׹ǰһ洢ЩطĹߣΪЩ鱾ϳᱻ˷֣ڰȵȴͬʴӱˣѧϰȱ˸죬ֻҪʹͲᱻ˷֡
ʱʼѾΪħĺѡΪħδ֮ǰͱҵ˷ȣͿԵһʱȱΪħ˸ڴЩ׹Ҳ֮ħա
֮ǰһֱ֣ΪЩ׹̫£ûܰеμסʮһֱڰϰѾ׹䷨÷ǵòˣ̲סҪˡ
˵ҧгݣƽһ֮˵׹˲˹ӣΪ֪ʮħħǿģҵѱɱɱڣʱ޸
⻰ЦΪҲѾע⵽֮ǰùײĶ϶ĵطѾȫˣ˰̶ûС
Ǳ취ɱңȻĻͲһץߡ
ȻҪץΪʲôҰֳ˿ʡ
֮ңԭһΪֻĪĵù
ȴǹǲ֮ˣ˸һκԵɽʱ׹̣׹Եȴ˵Եµùתղù˲壬ԹͻΪһħӳ֮䣬ԵֱӱˣҲ˵⵹ùǲһǣֻҪӽͻ²ɣʱֶڳҪҴ߲ס
һ⻰Ǿû棬֮ǰǸùҲ˵ϲĶֻ֪һͰŵõɽˤˣȷʵǶЦԷǵԵ
ոһ
˵ǽĿĲңҲǣǸڵ֮סҡ壡
ἰߵҡ壬ҰָϽʵҡ壿ҪǶʲô
ҲûҪǡ
̾Ϣ˵ʦãұħ󱻲帽סصĹ԰ʱʼǾѾһˡ


076 ı
麣ǳ˱׷ⱻߡɽسһж֮У͸С٣ͷʧĽħ崫˲֮ԲǶֻ֣һֱѰҵľҡû䣬˽ľ֡
⡭
갬ȵĻǵȫˡ
ĳǸжֵҪʲô
Ĭ֮С̾˿˵λ֮һֱߣʵ±׹̵ϳٵԼҲ֪һֱΪɽʱѾЩ˦ˡ
С㣬׹̾ô򵥣ڵһǱǧ̫꣬ˡ̾
ʦ㣬ҡǸڵķ׹ʲô壿׷ʵ
ǵĿĲҡ壬ʹþҡˡ
˵ʱԵԽԽʹ࣬ȻħζҲǺܵģʼʧأһüͷϽȡһſհ׻ֽҧָд˵ĺڰͷϣƽ
ħ̫֮ǰǸвŮ˸ʱѹסħԣʶʱᷢ豩ߡ
˵꣬ҸǽϽô졣
üչ˵ûĺð취ô˵ǵһӣοҪɱħȷʵףɱ籣ǾؽׯȽס˵
ԣ뾡ϻؽׯ
ҵͷ֮ʣ硰ᡱһ´Ӵ̽ͷȥָƣҿ㣬ڵûԷǲǣ
ҰҲ죡ٿ㣡˴⣡
ҧǰͷûһ£Ҳأ˼ҿǧޣڵĸ¿Ƶġ
һСʱʱ䣬ѳ˽ׯһ˳ҸϽæѰ̧˳ҰҲûڼһѰײʼѪɰдģһдĵİײ˰ȵϣüʮǰغ󱳣װѰȸס
Ұ÷סʱСҲûţܵϵ￪ʼϸʦڵĸֵ伮Ұʱ갬֮СҲһ˽ŵ˵ǰǸһڸ¼淢ĩʱɽһŮӽв塭
ŶΣæʡ
ʾǵʮʦűˣű״󲽷ɽʱɽ²űʹϵʱأҲºţһںܶطʧҲԶ󡭡
С˵ͷ֮ԴԵʡɿͿɴСǧСɸħ֮˻ᱻʱȡͬһ̯࣬˵Ĳ൱ʧ֮ܶ˶²򵫶ʧˡ
˵һ̾˿˵û뵽д컯ض˵ãȻҲ׹̽ڡ
˵ʱһڴϵİѾſۣӦѾ
ʦã׹̵Ļǰƿߡ
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˼˵ڵħֻ˸Բԣüͷʡ
ȵͷִûѡңԼʵѡΪħƭ߾ҡ壬ҲΪ¡
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Ȼش˵һʦлȷʵʱ꣬ʱԵģǰ֮ˣǺѱٳŹصģҡΪɽ֮ףҲǵʦֳ֮һҡ彫ⱦ˴ӵٳħȱ
⻰˲䵹һ˵˵ҡʦ֮һѵʦ
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ɫѾѿˣüͷ˵ǵĿүү
ңүү
˵ͷ
ʹֳƽ׹̣ʦΪéɽڣֹɽΪʲô˶õġ
˵Ұֽӹ˻ӣ˵ȷʵͱҡ壬϶ֻүүһ˶ѣԼҲܽķӵƣΪүү϶һˣ׹ͨҡүӵĻٳħɾͲʰˡ
ǹðһ㣬µǣǿŵĿܲǾҡһ
⻰ڣ˶ˣͼҰԼСĿ⣬ˢˢۼϣɫҲѾԽԽѿˡ
ֳĬһ£˵ʦ״ֱΪҡ塢ľԼʦӡһУҡүУľéɽ׻ʦëСʦӡ
ʦӡȻ㻹ˡ
Ұֲ廰˵ҪһʱĥϣȻ̳ʦ֮λδʦӡϵ֮ǰʮүֻǴΪʦӡδʹùʦӡˣʮĴʦű塭
Ұ⻰˵꣬ʱࡣ
ǲµû⣬׹εĿġ


077 ƻ
̾Ϣ˵Ϊħ֮ΣΪħ֮꣬ʮб׹ΪͨȫңԼүӡű塢éɽëСΪħ
ѽûôˣۻǻؼֵذɡ
Ұһվߣҿ輰ʱŶק˻ʣʲôܣôҲǸڽħ崫ˣϢ
Ԫ𣿡
ҰֱӼˣ˵ű塢ëСͬҰְ֣˶Ϊ겻ĵʦקһܸһȺҪҲħգħһ;;ͨɽֶ׹нȫûпɱԣ˰
ϹҪ˵ȷʵˣˣħûأ
ɨһڴϵİȣһü֮ǰ˵ùֽ˳Цһ˵éɽľʮǰ䲻ˣҡѾ׹ǻʦӡͰȣڵĵ֮ǱðʦʦӡֻҪħͱ͡
˵ŻߵſڰѴ֮䣬žͼùֽ˳һظϽ񣺡СС
ү죬š
һۣŵϽ죬˵ùո˵ӦöˣиҪ㡭
ָһ°˵Ҫڿʼ粽Űʦ㣬ΪǲĿǣֻҪڣͲðȻӽ
ùһ£ӵ˵С޹Сɷ񲻴ӣ
԰
ЦˣѾ䷨Ļֽ㲻ӦҲûãС㡭
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Сһֽ׾ߣŵõùϽƮסСȣ޺˵λҴӣҴӱǣ
һЦˣ˵ѽƲ壬ƾһ󻹲Ϊ壬Ϸأ˭Ѱʦߡ
˵껰ְѵùջֽֽ˲ڰϵķײУ±ʱѾˣҶһֶˣ˵Ҫȥ㷹ԡ
һȥСϽҲȥæʣǼˣԼ۵ðſº˯ˡ
֡
ҽҰһһ̧ͷ
û㣡
ҵһֳۣҰ˵֣һ¡֮ǰǴһΪ麣иһָ麣йأ˵᲻ᡭ
ǻɣ׹֮仹ϵ
Ұһ˵ҵ
ҵͷ˵һ麣ͻڸ׹̺һֱ͵͵ǽȦס
ģ
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籩Ƣһ壬ҰָϽסȰ˵ȱ嶯ֻǸ²ѣһֻɺأѾˣٰ麣Ͻ͸ʰˡ
֣Ҿ˵öԣӦȥοϵһ֮ǻûأ
ҽӻ˵麣׵ģ͵Χϵ麣ڸ׹̺Ҳп֪ڲĶԴУ۵Ϊֱʰȥ
Сӣ֣׹жѾʶˣȥ˾
֣һȥˣ
ЦǺ˵Ҳǳصģʣһֵͻᣬ·ҶѧУ󣿡
ǲʣѪͳ
Ұ˵ŰλϣԼҲ˵룬ɽΪʲôһӲյӣΪһӵصѪħ˶ˣɽʦһͨ龫ˣӹڵ˲һֱ⵽ɽļɵԼҵĵ͵ѧߡ
˵̾˿ֽ˵㣬òҪѧϵĶһΪϸɽ˾ѧϰڵѧéɽлѾΥŹˣڵڶɽһഫ壬ѧϰǻԼġ
Ұ˵һ磬ҰѾݺݵһʾұ졣
Ұ֣С˵һһҿɲǣһƢŤͷͳӣ㲻Ӧ˵ȥ
СڳæأҪߣæв˵СȻ˿ڣǰң¡
ɵӣǰǰģҪţҪ衣Ȥ˵
Сһֺˣ˵̣ҿЦˡʣǰǲʶҰѽ
Ǻǣ֪£ûʶ
Сһ⼤һ£Ͻʣ̣ҰǸʲôˣ˵ӡǲҶǰ˵ҳҼΣÿζӰȥٵģҸͼ
СԽ˵Խģ죬Ǳ͸ίĺƵġ
СҲҪ̫ѹǸˡ
ЦǺ˵ȷʵǾʶʶӦ˵ɽڶУͬӹϵż񡭡
żż񣿡
СˣҶ͵Ҳˡ
żˣôҳʱҰһ٣
أͿʼ˵¶ˡ
ǿЦ˵ͦЦģǷޱС׷үү˼䣬ԭڸɽľͲǵãС׷ʱȥҹǣ֪Ǳ˼䣬ԺȥС׷û뵽ȻϹһ٣Ǻǣ˵¶Сɱ⡭


078 ҹϮ
ģ̡
Сǿһ˿Цʣ̣ܴܲ˵һҰ֣ңҶûʲôӡ󡭡
⣬ô˵أЩʵ㻹ǲҪ֪ĺá
Цҡҡͷ˵ӣʮһֱҲĿԣЩҲ˵㻹ǲҪˣֻֽܸ֣

С˲ˣҲ̲סˣЦžͽ˳Ц˵С㰡Ϊֿ϶ʲôģ־ȻҲΪϳëԡ
Ҿ͵ǿЦû˵ѾʶСѾ¶һų˵ĲӣһŲ˵вˣ߬ˡ
һؿˣһ¶ҿ϶ðּ˸С㣬ǵðҵƤɡ
Ķ֪СϵŭȴȻѹȥûңü˵̣ȷҰֵ֣Щ귭Ҷɽ伮ɽÿһĵҶ֪Ϊʲôû˵֣
е㲻ýͣȷʵɽӣȴٴɽɽѧգɽκε伮֮С
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ոҰ˵һɽ壬һħ˶޷ѧɽͬĵС־Ȼԣ
С㣬֮ͲҪˣЩ̶ܱ̫֪ԺԵˣ㣬ԼǸ𣿡
СĬһ£ͷʣ̣أ֪֪˭
С⻰Ҳҵĺ棬ǰСĸ˭һֱΧƵĽ㣬ȴСĸףΪʲôĸҲûߣʲôˣ
ԲС㣬Ҳ֪飬Ӧòǵŵӣ˵ʧų֣֮⣬Ļشˡ
ðɣѾѹôˣ֪֪Ҳνˡ
СЦЦ˵ʼвˡ
һʧ䣬ԭȥο䣬ɻûǰأ͸оڱקңһͷһſҺ棬һһͷˣϽҳȥ
Ҳûʾ͸˳ȥקҽ˳ĿȥһҲڡ
磬ʲô°ʡ
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µȣһ¾ԺﴫһȻͣ£žͼ翸ݣһӣ˵˵ʲôѽǲ㡣
ޣ˵Ƿƨ
˫ۺί˵Ƕǧްڳʲôˣﰡ¿ģǶٲܻл·û
˵ʱɨһۣ̣һֻӿʼһע⡰һһëˣ֮ûϹ£ϵҳأڳʲôˣҶûüȺ˻ˣ˻ǶҲһʻΪʲôҵﵽĿ
ֵܣȱ𼤶𼤶
һҪҸϽæ̸ţӷһһܣô鳡ʧĶƵġ
ƽ˵磬ѴҶйʲô°
ȻҵˣҾֱ˵ˡ
һְ˹һ˵ָ˵Ǹ磬һ仰үĳ۵ױ
һ仰Ƕ˵סˣû˻ش
Ĭ˺ܾã˿ڣʦĳһ
ܺãСӣ
һĴ磬ʺʵͶʣôܲأ
ɨһۣûֱʣֶǴ˵λȻǶôͶѪյֵܣ˭Ҫǲ㱨۾Ͱӹզ
ȥˣָɣ⣿ݶȫţ⣬ң
Ҿ㣬˭㳤ء
һۣ˵Ҿ˵˰ɣ麣κǣ̲ˣ֪ĶҪȥҪǸүǶľ͸һȥʱǲʰû׼׳׹̵ǿô
磬Ҹȥ
ҵһվҲ֣ȴһõʣ¸ûϵΪʲôǵң
ⲻϻҳûͰȥ
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ûԹǵĿⶼѾɨͼˮĬú˵ҲΪʦ𣬵ǰȣǵ֮ǱʦӡͰȣðȻжĻ
ˡ
Ȱ˵λǰС򣬻Ǹùڣ˭˵ģ汾֮⣬ʣĸаڲڶһ֮԰Ҳ˹ΪڵĻȽϱգ͵͵֣ȥ麣ʰһپͻ㲻˵Ҳ˵λǰǲ֪ġ
ƺ˵ģһ֮պݺݵͷ
ãҾģ
˿̣˵ƻҶˣܼ򵥣ѾС¡Ǵˣ麣Ĺ԰ʰ˰죬۵ûͷģ׼Щֵȥϴ裬ʱҶˣ۲ģųȥֱӸڻӴϡеͷҡСͲظɲһ麣
˵Ҷ˵ã⻹Ǹ޷ĺüƻһ㶼ԣʣӲƴˡ


079 
ж֮ǧҪܣܶҰԼС˵ȥҲͬˡ
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082 ޱ

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ѽѽѽѽѽ
ΣͷҲ֪ĶһֽУһӰѾϴԡıõĶ¥һԾ£ڿնϲһ֮һߡ
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ûǷӦ׻Ѿֻ򡱵ϣһҽĵͨһ˵ϣڵϹʮײͣϺë˻𡭡

ϳҸϽܹȥϵĻ𣬿Ҳ֣Ȼýڡϻ˻𣬵ǲëȴֻһСֱ˻ҽ󲿷á
Ұ˺üſۣҺٺһЦԼٵ˵磬Ƕ˼ɡ
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ԽԽ׵ٶҲԽԽ죬תۼϣĶѾԽԽԽԽǱԱ߿ţѾȫס
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һţ־ϲϽĨվһžĶϣõΪأӣǣ
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083 
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һ˵һ˸̣̱֮ڵϵתͳϴԡġ
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ҾһҲһʱͻı仯ϽСһߣսСбߣдĴͱը˻ӡ
ٵͷҲ޹죬Ϲ˲ɣ
̱ڻСһŭʱֺûõģϣϲԭģ׽ϣκʱʩչϲԣЩ޶ɽʱԽ跨Խңǧֻأ˭ƽⲻˡ
˵ʱͼеƲ任Ҳ֪ɺϻ⣬ڰγһűϴԡĵ滹ҪϼʮĹڷǹð⣬ը죬ǹĿзһĺС
ǣʲôŵ̱ڵأ۶ֱˡ
һҾ㵵㿴нǣһ
Σ
СǰſеĹͷ׵ŭҲҲƾʲôܸ߸ϣȴԼϲ˶ȲˣҪԣҾ㣬ֻҪһһˣҾȶˡ


084 ٹɡͬ·
һڣһէ֣ҸϽץס֣磬ֵһѰӹȥȶˡ
С˵ʲôģ
磬ٱǳģҲ£һҲ͵û㿴Ű졭
һֵۣܣҪǵûҵﵱһû㴦ء
˵ҾҺٺһЦ磬ֵһչ˺Ұ衭
·ɣ۸Ƕپۣ
һŭ𣬾Ҿ˻С
һ촫Ѿ˹ȥ˸ţһ˲䣬һ޸оȴԵñƽʱҪӵһζλȪӿӿҵУĴ顢СĻЦүүĸͷðɵ
һƬƬ価飬ҿһɽˮպɽˮԾһֻϳëϹſϪˮмһͶʯϳ
һֻ˳£ϵ˴źɫɫţп㣬źīеسŸݡ
Ϲ˼Ŀ񷤽ӽʱ˵˻
ѣǰ;ѲҪǴˡ
ϵ˵˸̣ЦЦ˵ô㶼һǧ˻𣿡
£ҪǲҸﻹӲдĻһǧꣿϹЦ
˵񷤣ȾϹߣŹ걳˵ʵ£ҴСʹ֣⻹Ǻö˶˵Ļôꣿ
˵ϹЦˣѣⲻлӳʼģû㵱ȻҲͬҴӸڸϺС޵񣬲һ׵£ʲô͸ǿ͸ܰ𣿡
Ѷҿɰﲻ㣬֪˭ܰ㡣
˿ֽ̣˵ǰװİȥἸλѣ˳һӣһŸոչµӤҰﲻģܰ
Ŷһΰң
֣л꣬㽫׽٣׽٣ˮҲԽã˼Խ࣬ԣ
Ȼ·һ޶ʲôã
ȴй¶һԻȻ
˵񷤣ŸȻȥ
ԺУ濪ʼģնϹǲɣϣΪһڡ
СС
žںڰнУһſۣԼһŹĺ֮У·Ѿ׻˺飬Ҳһ⻷ƣѾҽӽˡ
һۣϽֺһСû°ɣô
磬Һܺá
ҿ̴˳
Ҳ֣ոջΪϱɣû뵽Լö˶˵ԭأϸоһݵ˺ѸԼľ֮⣬ȫûб
ңң
һʱЦЦһ콵ϵ˲ըõ˳ȥ
ǿϵ˺ѸиӵǿˣȻԱߺСǲǣǧ굤䱣㣬㲻Լ
ԭǵԵʣ
ҵͷһò£ͼĿڵĵطƤ͸
أΪСл꣬Ҷţ
ûѣѾְС㱧·ߣڵѪ䡣
һʩһѭλûһܶûܣͦͻ˹ȥ
ֻרľС㣬ҶţҲ죬ҲСһëѽҲ
׻˫ȷڵأҧٶվ𣬵ϵѪܶѪ˺һһۣҲۣ۵ᶼ˳
С㻹ваҪҰ㶥һ£Ա߿ţĵʡ
Ͽûʲôǧ굤壡
ЦЦ˵ʱ͸о﷢𣬾͸̳˷ƵĿʼŻŻһѪ
Сӣͱˣ
Ҳеǧ޶׽٣ʮ׻已ֻ̥ǧ굤ǵñ˲ɡ
ٷϻôô飿Ͳ˵ģ
һͼˣҧǿվۿһ׵Ҷһܾ͵ǰ棬һҽУðֱ
СӣǶôһǧˣĸͷ
˶϶ġëվ
һ䣬硢ִϴԡ˼̨˳123ӡ˦־Ͱ̨׵磬̨˲䱻ը÷飬ӹһ١
һˣ˼ֱӵְֻͳ㿪裬׵𡪡
һҴɹɹˡƹһ
һֻϣˤˡ
˼ϸҶ˼׻һʱƴǣܴӵ̧˺ܿſˣְҶһ׵֮Ҳٶվվˣſڵ˵СǸǶҲ㣬ѾˣٰҲá
Сӹ˼ˣл
ҳЦЦԼ֮·ҲѾＫˣ˳ֱ۱ѿ˿ڿʼѪ
̧ͷɻģƹֻͷһȫעСѪȦȴûзӦ
Ҳ֪һܶãֻҪһڣҾ͵üš
ꡪ
һգ۵Ĺҵǰ
Һ͸ոһ첲ס׵ɵ˲ֱ۵˿Ѻ۸ˡ
վѾվˣ׵һ󷭷ɳԶſڵϣվˣֳ̧סҲûˡ


085 
Ҿ͸һ̯Ƶſڱÿӿݵĵϣͷ죬ûп־壬ֻзŭ
Сվվ
ͺſھţȺϴԡĵĹع̨ƹΡԶۻԼԡ֮ԼҲѾվվˣϴԡϰڿյĴﺿGʹޣίˡ
Сվ
ңˡ
ŷƲҺٺһЦԼҲ֪涥סˣãˡ
Ȼ䣬һը죬է֣͵ڰд趯
һʱ˶ˣҲֻܱۣҵģʩҶް취
˶ǵתȽľĿתʱȻ΢΢һΣϸСĵ˲䳯ɢֻһ˲䣬׵ۼɵ̻꼻һ֣ը˲ʧ
һӣ˶סˣû˭ӦϹƿʼɢָֻܿգܿǡ
⡭ô£
ɹˣɹˣ
ĽųڵЦվվˡ
Сɹˣһ׽ٹƶʮĵӹȷʵвٴƽɹ׽٣ǿضܣû뵽Ӳ˹ȥʣʣ
㣬˼ǡ
һЦȴûӦϽ˵˼ǣңҶɽٳɹˣ
ûɹˣɹˣ
Цųҵ˵ͷ˵ʮĵ׾Ȼû㣬׽ѹǰȫˣȫˣ
ôһ˵硢Ƕ̲סڵϿЦ
ǧϹ궼ⲻ˱׽٣Ȼĺ֮°ȫɹٺ˭ܲˣ
ȷʵ˲ˣһͷһСǰɫѾԽԽѿˣȻͼСһΣȥ
С㣡
һУ͵˸ǰС㣬ȴ޶
СôСô
ҡҡͷʱ÷令סԼȷʵûʲôˣѾ
Ҳ˵ɥ
˵ʱϴԡԱԼΧѾΧ˹һľ󣬶ɵۣʼֹ˽
һ࣬麣͵͵ȺߣһɨſֳһСʯӣһʯӾ麣Ĵȡ
麣۵áѽһҽУʹȺˤ˳ʱѾϢͺϽܹȥסŭʣ麣㣬ҲôҪСи̣ҵһԴšᣡ
Ҳ˹ȥ߬Ҫʻں溰̫࣬һͻѾȻط˵ɣ
һҲԣҲû麣ĳԿ˳麣Ľ𱭳ʹﳤȥºһȺĿɿڴĿ;þù
ׯʱҪһƬصأͣ˳Ű麣ק³ӽ˷ص
麣վܣûܳԶأͼ䣬ЩĲݵĿݷһֻֻԩ麣Χм䡣
ܣĶܣ
ָѪδɣһץס麣û˵ͷдһ䣬䷨һɣ˵麣һըԴŲţ
ɲ
麣սս㷢ĵģõԸͨˡ
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ֻһΣǲں׹̵ǱΪ飿ֻشǻǣǣҼʣǣɱ㡭
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ûйƽԣֻܻشġ
ҡ
麣һ㶣͵ɨ۾ͼüĿ׹¶˭ܿ˵ľġ
ûңҴ˻𣿡
麣˿ĭӴôģ֮ǰ˶Ҳǻûġ
麣˵ʱְ˽ųԼ£ϳǵջڣĿ׹һЦһЦģ͸һ
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׹̵ķ֮ǰװΪ٣ʵһֻȻΪԼ˼ֻʵǱˡ
֪£
ʣȻ֪Ϊʲôʱֹ󣿡
ʱ򱻳ɱ˫ۣĶǿŹԼʦĶЩ
ðɣɷȥֻʲôãǲҲȡ
׹̵ĽҲⶫϾǿŶʱըһֻҪȥͿʱ
һ˵꣬麣ͷ˵ûûСڴʶһǾͷһ·ɣ׹̵¸ǣĻġ
ٸ¡
˵Ҫʣ㣬ĶֻһΣ㲻˵ھԽѣ
⣬ҡ
麣ԥʱҵĿⶼ˹ȥ麣üͷһĬȴҡҡͷ
ɱҰɡܸҸʹģҶǶֲ̫ˣҲ뱻óĥ
ãҳȫ㣡
˵һ־麣Ķͷ麣ͷϵѪָ麣ĶͷʱȴͣŽҧر۵麣հ˻ȥ
ѵǷԱʵ
ҡҡͷ˵һȥ˵Сĸĸܻа취С㣬Ҳȹùöôϵ䡭


086 Ѱ
һԾˣҲҵ飬Ͻק麣˳翪ųֱ˽ׯүҡ
Ǹս˺ͬųһͼǰһ˼һ죬һʱҶɵۣΪһȼյλãүҵķ
ˣ϶ˣ
һŲȵףһٽַھӶܳæȻˣԽԽȻѾÿˡ
ô£ߵʱ򻹺úõģôѷӻѽ
ͣóһȥҲ˳ֱײԺܡ
ԺһͼھˮͰæˮȻ𣬶ҰԺǽϢ
裬û°ɣ
Ȼϵ˺ѸлûȬһų˹ȥϸһҰϵϸС˿ڣЩ˺ʶ
Ķ֪費ûشҵĻһƾͳ˹Ķȥˣҹʧ٣
裬ңȥץ麣ˡӴ
̧ͷ˿ˣˣȻҲ֪ǿ϶˴鷳һСûڣɫ̾ͳʵСأʧ˲ģҪȥǡ
ԥˣһʱҲ֪ô˵ˡ
ʱʵǰﵽ׳ʲô£Ϊʲô
ҴǸù
ҧ˵ԭΪǲĿǣû뵽ֻù˭ܿˣǷһֱŰʦ㣬˺ҹȴ죬Ҿȥ˭֪Ų֪ôͰżϣˤһӣ嵱ʱǰȲ裬Ϊҳʲô¾ͻܣһžͰӸ߷ˡ
˵꣬ҰҲ̾˿˵Ҳã̫³çˣյ͵Ʊ׼ʱӦõģӷʱˤǽǡͰǽϵĵߵˣ·һ𷿶ˡǸϽѰתƵˤţҪȻһ׷ͷʹǽͷ˰ȣǸûӦ
Ұ˵ʱֱһü˵ǰүӣߵҾԲϴ
ʱͼѶֽ˳Ӹ˵ⶫӻȥʣµùˣ
軰һڣǵùֽҲ밡
ûǽվ˵ô£СأҵûôˣһŮɲȫ
裬Сأǡ
һʱҲ֪ô˵źˣקҰ־塭
ǸǾˡ
Ұϳһּ򵥰һ˵˶Żˣ硢ûţһЩھӵİæ£ŻûӵӣϽһһȶ
ȻˣƽʱļҾӰҲ˲ˣһһ壬ƴȳĶүǰһӵĸֵҵ伮˵һ󲿷־伮ջˣڻһСֱ˳Ҳûطţʱӽ麣ĳ
ȶʱҰ麣Ľ𱭳ר־ΪСл꣬صڳϢ˳㿴ű廨麣
ûãѾԱ߼˼ҵķӶˣԶȻѾˡ
궫صϣϽСôˡ
Ĭһ£ҡҡͷ˵꾡ʧҲûгֵķҪѡ
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˵ŻҴҴ棬뿪ϽסʣҪȥĶ
Ȼȥ
ۻشطܴ𣿸ղ׽ʱ˼ϴԡĵ涼ǻˣ滹ˣô˭ܲͷԾҲӲܵģŻˣܵűץѽ
˵꿪ߣҲԱߴȷʵֵ̫ˣ¿ᾪý塭
֮ȥܱܷͷɣҵҲˣҲһֿأʱˣ
ɾȥĻǻҵǵİΪѵ˵
ģа취
˵Żһ߿һֻ߰˳ˤˣڻá
ֻӸ麣ͷһ˵麣óˣæѽѹһѹ
ʲô£麣æʡ
ǲǣˣϴԡĳʱҲڳйس걸ܲνʱһɾ͵ùˡ
麣ɫһ䣬û˵Ͱѵ绰ץҲ˲ϰӲˣϽԼֵܣ绰Ǯˣѽѹ
˲ãѳͣ˵ſڣ³ᶫˣҲæķԸӲֿȡַ̳
ССķڷ̳ǰһɫձ֮Ұڷ̳䣬æµһϣһҲûۣԱţȴСѹ
һϣСƤûһ£ֱͬһ
ļڷľվһѾڸȶˣһ½̡ͨһ˵ϡ
裡СôҸϽ˵
ͷ˵ôʶ˵
ң취Ⱦɣ
ӣ辡ˡ˵ʱˮĬĬͷ
ܵģС㲻ģŭ
ҲЩ˵λǰֻܾСˣһΣᣬ
Ҳɡ
Ұ̾˿Ա˵ˣëýǣңҲڵĽֲǡ
֣ñ˵ҧѾ˵ҲʲôҲҵģ֮С㲻Բܡ
ѾҰ̾˿ȻڣһǣʱˣҲܾģֻһˡ


087 
ֻһˣ˭Ҿʵ
Ұɨ̳ǰСһۣ̾˿˵ˣҲСİְ֣
Ұֻһڣһ·ܵ˶Ĵ̼һʣĶ
֪Ӧ˵û֪ɽ֮ǰӰȥ٣ɽѧաʮʡǸײβˡ
ôôְĸף
СزҲöԼŮô꣡
˵Ŀԡ
˵ʱ߬סС֣۵ظš
̫ණ㲻˽ģȻ˽⣬ͲҪ˵СֹۣܲͨˣѾˣûУһһֱı
Դʵ
СժСñӣǶë׵öѾſſشȥһָͷǸɫС˵
˵Żɨһֽۣ˵ʵͬһڵǧ굤ԱƴȫİȫСͷϵýҲȻСĻѾɢˣȴһֱΪ֧
дϲ˵ôһ˵С㲻㲻ܾлػҲ
˵ꡣ
ɫ˵ֻýȻ֪ʲôԴȷʵڱС㣬ʹС㲻ȥҲΪıСĻǲ޷лڣ˵ֻýСγһΪı㣬ڣΪСά⣬ȴųĻǣ޷ѡ
ĻһڣҶס
ҰֽӻСʱñֹ̫ۣĻǱըģλҰͬӻ忪ʼ㣬ʮʱ֮ڻ޷ȫлأͻɻ𣬶ֵ֧Ľ֧СҲֻǸԶѹĿƤҶѣ仰˵ֲˡ
ֲˡٶһ㶡
ûֲˡ
Ұֵ̾ǣֲ˵״̬Ҳ֧̫ã֪ʲôʱֻڵͻľʱ򲻵СĻѾҷ𣬽Ҳ޷ټ֧ʱСٲˡ
ȻΪʲôСĸ׿Ծ
Ϊκ˶˽ֻǵ㲻˽⣬Ҳһм㲻þлػҲСİ취ΪԼǸˣ֮ǰ˵ˡ
֣Сĸ׵ĶǸûκָô
ûİ취ֻܵˡ
Ұһ̾ϢҶ˽⣬Ǹظˣٵɽѧʱģûб䣬ôԲôԼŮܡ
Ұֻ˵ͺȻһô
δⱻ˴ţǻʱͰѾŷ´ϣôţ
ʼʱ˭ûӦôȴһֱûͣ£һôڰƢá˳һ죬۾ſڳ塪
˭ѽ⣡ûŲ㣡
껰ôֻͣͣһСתߵʱȴٶ
Сӣֱߣ
ڱˣһ߶ſڵĶղӣž˳ȥ
ģõǲǲǣҡѽ
ȻһҽУžҲû˶
һԣҸϽſڣѾɫ۵ʱͼһߴӰ˽߼ϻһһĶ̫ˣ塣
С׹͵Ϯ
˳ֳŷ󣬿ֻ˦ּɳҰҲץľʱ׼ս
ʱǸͷѾҡ߽˴Ƕһſ壬Ǹ°һСɽˣīſǡ
С㡭

īиһڣŻƷֽѾֶȥһĶͷһؿڣһơءһŻƷֽͬһʱ˵ϡը˻˲ճһŻҽ
ٿˣɿеؽſǣϵīûܵһ˿˺
ʧɫּּŷ䣬һηû˵ڿлΪҽƮɢˡ
Ҳ̲סˣһʹ˹ȥüֱ͸һư׹һҲһʦֶҲǰ塣
֮׹Χֱ̧־ʹ򣬿ɱǸ˼ͷƶֱҪһࡣ
ȭЩĸ꣬ȴһЦͷһĿѾ˳üϡ
ǿﾹȻҲһžŵĻƷֽͷһһ˲䵹أȻˡ
ᣬѾػص˱ĺһƾʹ˵ĺϣһ˲˵Ķ﷢ࡱһȻ˺Ĵϡ
һνĬһֻẰһơȫʧˡ
־Ȼô򵥾ͱԷƽˣҾ˲䵹һҰҲѾҪС
ûͼǸҡҡͷ˵ιιιͨԪǲҶϵ˰ɣ
һڣҰʱס
žͼ˺ٺһЦҼϵһӣְ̧ϵīժˣ¶һ˫Ȧص۾
Ԫͨþò


088 
˫ۼûκιͫ׷Ŵ˵۾һһѾݣ賿ɽ֮ʱһңĻƺйļ䡭
ˣȻСĸףүĸ硣

Ȼһ۾Ұ輤ˣЦԪͨþòˣǶˡ
ˣı仯͵껹治󡭡輤Ц˵
žͼҰͷЩ˼ؽӻ˵Ҷӹ죬ҡ
ͨͱǼˣʱ㱻үĨ˼ѡ
ٺһЦǰ߱˵οҵʱҲǿЦ㵱ʱ˵Ҵһ㶼ۡ
ߵһҪѣȴȻһ˻ͷһȻǵڵϵڶͷϵĻֽѾԼȼճ˻ҽ
žͼĿ¶׹վǰݺݵ˵һֱ㡣
ʶңЦʡ
ʶһҾ֪˭Ϊϸоκһֻһˡ
ֱֱض˵⼸һ˵ƯΪѰ䡭
Ŷ㲻ǰ˰ɣٺЦ
ɫȴûһ˿תѿˡ
ɽͷϣɱҵĸסŴơ
⻰ڣ͵һ
ȷʵ֮ǰүҲ׿ᵽɽһսĸ׾Ȼ׹̵ˣֵɱ
ҲΪ£ŵһֱڻЩΪ޶ħ
û㸸Ǳɱģǰ㲻ΪɱҰɣЦ
Կô֪
˵Ȳ˫һ꣬иԴ꿪ʮŻֽ䣬һ֣ȫĻֽ϶Ѿȼһ
Ʋ죬̾һ˵ʦˣڵĵԸ㣬ǾǶʦүĲ
˵Ż̳ϳһŻûдĿհ׷ָֽ˵ðɣҾéɽһ档

⻰һڣҰ̶ֻǳҡҡͷƺʾǷıǡ
ʱɱѾ˫һΣʮŻֶһѰѴŻķһӭ˹ȥ
ûָֻһָĿհ׷ֽѾ˰գۿƮƮҡҡķֽҪͶʮŻײһʱȻհ׻ֽ̡һ˸һžͼָһŵĿհ׻ֽ˲ӶʮŻм䴩һлΪ˻ҽΨ׷Ѿһֱš
΢΢˫ۣǱֹǵһ㣬Ȼ׷ɵǰʱȴԼըһŷڿеƬ
αأ˽ϰ֣ȡīЦ˵
ۿһоʮ䣬ӲɳϽŲԱߣСʣ裬һﵽʲô˰
˰һӹֻһ
򵥵һлƣҲ¶Щңüͷ˵ЩڸΣܶ˵㣬ʮʦɽʮеħǿʮˡʮ֮һ˶˵ǸһеĻҪµö࡭
ֻ΢Цţûش
˵裬ʮɶ
Сսҽĵذ˷нħϵǣΪٽɴУϵѡ˵ߵʮˣΪʮԢ⡮ѭħ𡯣ʱéɽ׻ʦëСɽűԼүүУаʱʮ֮⣬ʮһ꼶С46꣬ȫǵʦʮǰǳսУʮд󲿷ֶ֧Ԯվսɽ
ңҵѽСĸͷС
һϽһۣ˵ϻҸովѾ˵ˣһӹֻһ
ֹʱ˵ʵ֪ɱ㣬ܲɱ㣬ͱɱҡ
㶼ôˣôô
̾˿˵Ż첽˹ȥֳּ̾һŷ䣬ûȰ̧أһѾǰּһŷ׼ĶͷϣٶȽӲˡ
ֶӣҪǰαһֱǻڳﲻ԰أ
һ§סĲӣǶһظ˵˵ˣΪʲôһأԣҶֽϰ֣ǲҵı⣬ֱ׹ϴ̫Ȼ͵ϮүүҲүү͵ɽͻиʦֵ꣬Ҳκòã
˵Ȼסüͷ΢΢һ壬źݺһžͶ˵ϡ
ͼϸûȽŶֹͣһ˦֣һŻƷֽѾȳڷĵ˦˳ȥ
Ʒֽһе棬ʱΧһ׵ķΧըһ˲ӵذ´һ󡰰ѽѽѽĲҽУûǷӦأһӰѾһͷײƵذ˳ڵϻ鴤һͨģ
һȻ賿ʱΪҶ˺ü˵úأһſ̳ϢôͻȻӵصˣ
ժ۾˸ۣ˵˰㰡ղŸоŵж軹Ϊء밤ôţ


089 Ӿ
⻰һǶסˣأȻǸոʱˣΪʲôһ㶼ûв̳ʲôʱµǶȫ֪飬ôֵģ
ĻŵҾ˵磬Ķ鷳
ǣ鷳˵ʲô
ⲻ´ϽԶ𣡡˵ʱᶼˣ˼ǰʰĲᡣ
ҲˣСȻƽʱ˰󣬿ɹؼʱ湻͵ģôôߵĶǰ۸أ
ûմ㣬ܣһ㻹أ
һ֣ŵϽ˸ǰǽ߶Ҷˡ
§˵ֶӣô˵㶼ˣڵʦ̳ˣҲܲӣֵĳʵڷŲµĻԺҵúñ𣬵ڡ
˵ŻһС㣬̳ǰһ
ڣǵ취СȻҾôһŮҲ뿴Բԣ
˵һЦתڵϵ
һһ⿪˶סһװŵģǸͷŻֽİ׷ͷȻǱסİүӣڶװŵģǰȡ
ʦ㣡
ϽȥѰȷסͼȻԲѣЦЦ˵ģħԷʱʩò˶þͻõġ
Ϊʲôǻ趢ʵ
ʵһֱڡ
ЦЦ˵ѰɽʱҺ϶зֹȽϴұȽϲϾұǸˣԸе׷ɱ֮Щ꣬һֱڰбǣҰе׹̸֮¡
˵ЦݺȻӲˣ̾˿˵ǰ뿪û뵽߲߾ͳ£϶
˵ȻүɥǼ£м䣬Կ
漴ƽһֽ˵һһֱиС㣬͵͵뿪ɽ׹ʱҲڰб֪ƽ˺ܶ顭
ȻˣСΪ˾ұʱ
Ҳȥˣŭ˵ҲǴûܹС㣬ûĹС㣬ڻԼ˵ĶΰһƾʲôȻôĵڱСΪʲôӣ
С׷죡
ҶҰŵɫ԰ףϽʹɫʾұټ˵ȥ
Ҳ鲻Ըر죬ͼ˫˫ֱضҿȻ΢Ц˫ȴж﷢š
СӣǵɽѧʱҲиʦֵΪһӾͶֺֽеģôˣ
ôˣʡ
ɽϵµֽ֦Ž
΢Ц˵Ϊұʦںɽչ˼һ꣬ҳغĵһ죬ĵһ¾һѻʦķӡ
ţأ
ҵһۣûš
ĶɥĲֵزƢѾҼ𱬵ˣҿһֱͰ΢Ц£
ʱĺѾˣ͵͵ק½һ˵С׷ñ壬˵Ķģµɽ˲֪
۵ؿ־壬һʱҲЩ֪ˣȴָ֮һЦ˵ʵ˵ûȷʵûչ˺С㣬Ҳû취Ǹˣ÷СܳȥʱȷʵΧӱѡȣ԰ȱ°֮ҵһʱ׷ȥ˻ҸϻؼʱѾջˣҲµ׷˹
ɱһɵİȣҲԼŮ
¶֣֮ȹϵش׹У޷ԤƵĺұȷİΣ
˵ŻḧСͷɨһ˵οС֮Աﲻң㡣СûðȻж׽ٽ٣ڳҲа취ӹһ٣ΪжЩԼЩߵҲһ˵һ㣿
ҡ
صͷĬһʣ˵һֱΧ
ԣһֱڡ
˵ͷСǱĹ԰ʱҪȥȱһ߾ôãʱһֱأСֶΪƾһܰǳŵ𣿼㲽Щֱ˹ȥҲͰ˺ˡ
ǣҾ
ֵͷҸϽʣɼȻڣΪʲôֱǣҪǴôң
ӣҪɳġ
ش˵Ƕӵвͬ츳޵֮Զ֮ͨϣָǵԪֻݾܽǱܼڿԾǣһҲˣǸô죿ֻܿԼ
˵Żߵ̳ǰȳӸңëʿʼд䣬д˵ǾвСĻǣΪܵͷֻýǵĵִʮʱСĻ벻ͻҷԵ֮ȰɢĻҵʵ˵ǿܲţǽ뱣
ţΪ֮ǰѾһ㣬ʣ壬ڵĵǧϹģСýǺöôģ֮ǰү˵СӾͱˣΪʲôС㻹ᡭ
⻰һͼеıͣһ£Ĭ֮ͷҲص˵ûʲôӾǽСµġ


090 Ųµĳ
С裿ڳһ
ȴû˵˦ʾдһ䣬ָŷ˵ոտС͵ϮңһˣȥŪҪ֮ںСĻǶʱŽ
˵Ͻ˵ͷܳȥͰ̧˽˦˺üӲڰŪѡ
ЩԣҲûϸ˵ˣֻС֣ҪôС㣬һͷϽ׼ѧա
ûֱӽǣֳűסɨһۣ̾˿ʣҪ̴ôС㣬ԸԸæ
۶΢ܶһµĻҲ޲
Ĭ֮󣬾˵Ը⣬ֻɱ㡣
Ϊ˱С㶼ԸȣЩ㵡
Ѿ˵ˣֻɱ㡭
̫ʧˡ
̾ϢʱǶĲеЩʧԴүȥ䣬Ҳ֪ΪãɷŲ³ޣЦݶ֮ǰôˬˡ
϶ϸĵ㣬ֻΪճɲɽڿ㻹Զһ㡭
˵һ˦֣Ѿץհ׷˳ȥŷڿһոȵϥϡ
ơ
һڣ̰׹ը˿ݺըϥǡ
ͨأҧ۵úˣȴһЦҪҶˣܺã㱨˳ܽˡ
ϰΪʲôͲҵĿģ
˫üȥ˦һǶ⣬ʹļ׵˵ҷ˫ȲΪɱ㣬ǲ㿿ŵˣԸ̫嶯ˣԸĹ£ʱձسɴĿǰΪɽ룬Ϊ룬Ҳܽɽϵʦӡ㱣ܣ϶ô紫λǸ󣡡
Ǻǣʦ֮λ˵һҿΨһԸǱ𣬱ġ
˵Żɨ̳ǰСһۣһ˿ҡֻΪޡ
ģҪ
ãܺã
ҧţĬã̲ס˵ҪʦүʽջʦӡʶԼʹʹ̳У
㾡ȥȡˣʦӡʦĵߣʱȥȡĵʦУֻҪܱһжҶν
˵䣡
ҳȥȰ˵֪游пԭҪǾС㣬磬æ
һͺϽ˹æϥǻڵѪ̧˺ȥϢ
ֻ̧һͼ̳͵͵ĨᣬȻ԰١
ʰ֮ߵ̳ǰ˵Сɢȥǹƾ·ε»Ұͬûκк֪ģȻ賿£ôǲ賿ǰѻǶлСͱˡ
壬Ǹô
𼱣һξл꣬СĻʱд֮һ½ڣСͿԿˡ
˵껰絽ֿȡ˼ͭࡢߴͭǮԼյ͵ơ
׼׵֮˵һһôڻȱȥҸײ̣ÿһ¡
£ǲǸ˴ģ羪ʵ
̫أ¡÷סĻǲǰεġ
˵ǸϽȥ׼ҲҺ˵Ǯֱ˾ǵĹײ̣ϰϽ£һһ׺ʵ´
ǻصѾˣҰһֱڴȣǻˣϽ£ϤĽǸ䣬ΰСĻţȻСС
˵֮ûжΪ⣬Ǳȹ£ǴҾڵŪ˵㷹ԣһֱϢϾŵӣָһ㣬˵ͷ˵ʱˣǴ¡ֳֳͭǮͷؽôƹ䣬ԲֻҪСĻǳ֣Ͱҽ̵İ취ȥĻˡ
˵ֱѼŷǵĶͷϡ
ѻһڶĶ˫硣
˵ѻͷ±ŷģѻڣһаͲҽжͷס±ţѻ˲ˡ
׼׵֮תҰ˵ԪͨҪȥׯʦӡȡ׹̶Ŀڶ࣬ڷլ̫ΣˣǷ򸾵شǧҪ֤ðȵİȫ
İɣϴѾ˾飬ֻҪǲ׹߰ʦ㡣
ͷɨһۻǽɪɪЦ˵֪˲æҲˡ
һ˺ɫһظҲ
İ磬ǶҺôҲǡ
졣
ǣ
һ׼׵֮ź硢ߣʱѾȫˣǸ֮һȥ˽ׯʱصǣ賿ʱֻмСʱʱ䣬Ҫһܵ顣
Ӧ֮͸ϽϵµĵطϴԡһѾֹͣӪҵˣõģǰİ·ҲӿݵĻûƽһƬǽ塣
Ҳ˲ˣֱȥ֮󣬾һͭǮôͭһ߳ȥ;ҷɾ裬ֻ´Сǵĳ֡
ҹһ˴ֹСĵһСʱͭ࣬ȴʲôֶûУǰߣһƵСӣ׳ŵ˽ȥϵҲῴ嶫
ɸսСӣԱǽǵĺڰдһɳɳɳеͻȻŵҵһ


091 
һգĵطڵһأʢĺϴ
էһûʲôϸһѻŵļ΢طϴĦɳɳôġ
ѵж
һ֮׳ŵ˹ȥͭǮİǿͼĺ棬¶һŲҰ׵
ǸͷŮɪɪһ˿һ۾ϳͷϵǶö䡣
СС㣡
һСдϲϽһĶ֪ճڣСͶʹ
ҪɱңҪɱҰ㣡
ôˣ
ʼʱһһ£һˣǾлʱ˵Ǹã˵и;Ƿֱһ˵ϲŭ塢ǰС㡱ı֣ȻӦеġһƣСĿ־塣
ҸϽס侲ķԸ̡࣬ҿ䣬ȻСƺƽӺȻǰһ㣬ʹɳҵǰ
С㣬£Ҵؼҡ
һ˵һ߻ת˩ڱƷһ谵Ĺâס壬žͼСӻһŽɫС㣬ɽ˵ĻһΣյøˡ
ô򵥾һǣеˣͼСǰߣһȦҲûٷĻǡ
ǿСʱһשȻҲǽзֱֱ˩ұơ
⼰ʱɨŵøϽһܣשͷҵĴȸϣЩҵơ
۵õһ£ͼӰѾҡҡλ߳һС߬ŸľͷӿڼϣŸɨ쳯һߣ˸ӵģǮó
һ⻰ֱˡ
߹͸һֵͣۺүǮҪŪ㣡
һķ࣬һȻ϶Сġࡱһˣ˵һר˾Сġ񡱣ҪǸСġ
أСѾͻȻ֣һӾԴϣźݺһǲǣǮīŪ˰
ۿҪճҸϽ̡࣬ʱʼ䣬Сһֺۣҿǲˣȫ㣡
С˵Ż߬ŹӾɤͱڹûأһѾסҸϽһתͼһҲɹɽҵ
ǰˣҳһϢһԱߴһЦСӰ
һ··Ƶ£һСڵŶЦǰϵģҲ֪ʬǡ
ûţ˳߹ȥͰҲˣҪߣԱߵСﴫһܼٵشϢɵؾԺй˰ʱһ仰֮һΪΡǣǧҪշΪΪС֮Ͻշָʲô
ѽ
ŵûһ飬Ͻ꣬ԼԼͼǰǽǴӰûܵȻСĴϢˣҪҪ
ҵѽҪ
ҸϽǰ壬ǰĵƹһȻǺѾС§ŲӱƵǽǣ°ˡ
С欵ץҲ䣬ƽŵˣһûע󱳿ǽϣ˩ơžડһͱˡ
С㣡С㣡ס֣
ҸϽະҪעû뵽ɹˣžͼС̰س˹ۿܵǰȻһתҵĻ§סҵĲӡ
ҡ죬ҡ
һţҲˣ͸оȻһȣ˲䲻ᶯˡ
ʱͼڵϣȻ亿Gʹѽ̫ˣ
һŵصͷһɨСԼ·ֱˣһƬհ׶֪ôźˡ
ʱںһһƾͳҺϣ˲侲Ͻ䣬Сֹͣ˷һתʵʵҵ
һ˫һһƨɾ˵ϣͷһڶҿ硣
磬ҿˣҪȻĻƺˡ
˵ʲôð
۰һͨקһˣҲǽײ÷顣
̾˿˵زˣСֻܿһˡ
һˣɶ˼Ҿʵ
û˵һתŷ֣Ҳˡ
磬㣬ĵأ
Ǹߣطˡ
˵߿첽ߣϽȥ紩С֮󣬾ǰĺͬսǴһŮ˵Ŀ
˭ѽأҺԼأúѽء
һۣѾȻСġȸһǣ˾Сİ
ǻãپһĶ˵ȥ
̾˿ǰߣ߳ûͼԱߵӰᡱһ´ܳӰһѾ§סײڵأŽ§ߣҰ㣡һֻ㣡
ڵ϶ˣ̾˿˵ûҵĵƸղžôģѾ޵ǸòˣͻȻĳ׵ģԿ
硢綼û취ˣҸϽǣٷֿҲˣϾһ˵ƻá
Ҳδⵥж˾һһұһжҲҲСİѵŪ飬ǿɾǰˡ


092 
ƴƴСǣһѾ12ˣҵ鶼Ϊ껹ûüգûء
˵ǲͬȻиԲͬûʶֱˡԪʶǿСǵˣʩҲ⡣
ĬһƭӲ֮ǰСǳ׶ջ˵һʱѾˣȻҲ˲ϢˣȾܡ
ֶ룬ϽСǵͻصʱ֪˭ȻͷһǮ
ŷ׷ƮǮŷѾӿ£·еĵϡ
һأеĵطɫը䷨֮ǰùԸʱҲùéɽڵ׻Ѿİˡ
ž·ߵĵ¥Ϻһƣһ·ĻҪξ𡭡
ʱ̧ͷһһҵ̵ϣŸȻɫ۵ϵ׷ɷǣȻڱÿڲס˵Ҳʮˡ
ʱҲѾӶ¥ʱľ͸ƮҶһûһ졣
غһָ̧֣һ˵ѵƸҡ
ɨһۣʣոյéɽڵˣ
Ρ
ǺǣģȻҲСˣһɷǣû뵽ȻҲᱻ׹̸գԵԼôΪ𣿡
һ˵ͼüһ壬ȻЩã˵˵ϻѵƽһǲ
У㣡
˵ͼһѶƣҡھǰߣߵǰûȵݵƣһҹȭͳ˹ȥ
ôˣڰҹۻȭͷʱȭͷѾˣءһӦأˡ
үģ˻ѧãӶ¥Ͳ°ˤ˰
ʱſڵûƺһȭͷˣһֲۣһţôŰɶ
⻰һ·ߵӰ˵Ҿ˵ǷϻҪͷ͸ֱӶ֣
˵ͼһɫ۵ĵʿ˳ƣҲǺǵģһȭͷ˹ȥȭͷͿʱͼϵ䡪
ɽһ䣬ϵಡһûˡ
һȭͷҲɵˣûӦϵȻִ米ֳټһתܡ
Сӣң
ܣ̧Ⱦǰ׷Сһߣƿɾܱߡ
û׷ԶֵԵĵ¥ϡ䡱ˣ·мסǵȥ·˸ǰһŵ棬Գŷ䷨Ȼǵˡ
һ̲סпһ˵޵֮ʿ˭һĲɷǣĶ֪Щ޵ȴΪ׹̵߹
ǲҪ·ʲôˣ˭СΨһϣߣ
ҲҪΪѣ
мĵʿҲСˣ޽Ƕˣָ˵ոܵѾˣٲʵʵ£ݹ飡
˵ŻͷǱŵƵĵʿһʹɫѵƴȥ
ȥүİɣ
ûѻ˵أ硢Ѿܻسȥȳһ߹ȥߵϵڵֱˡ
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ɺһдϡ߱£ֽ˵ҲֻܸżҲŲ˼ˡ
ǰһƵϵѾ·Զˡ
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ûأͬѾһӰ̧һӾͰƽǺû°ɣ
һֽӵƵľȻ
ϿһƲС״ӦǸմүլȡʦӡ
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λѣ
ĸ˽ʱԶ̧ͷһû뵽һˣ֮ǰ˺صˣܶʱһȳһյġ
ûȳ嵽ֵ˸ǰѾֺλѲҪƣֱҵ
һˣСӿ֮ǰļ˸ݡ
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һһڣ硢̧Ⱦǰ壬Ҫ󣬿ɸûȽӽأͼ˫һֵ˲䣬ʯѾΧΧϵУһʱĲҽдϵӦء
ѽλѣ
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ѣܣ
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һۣڱϵķ䡰һճ˻ҽŻһȭϵٶӦأһΰһҲվˡ
ϵողסʱȳתԶܣû׷Ͻ鿴ǵƣʵһˣû°ɣ


093 ׷
û£
ҡҡͷⶼͶȥ˾ηݵĿ⣬˵Ҳ̫ˣڻõʲô׹̰⿴ոһʱﻹյƣϻŸɸû˻־Ͷˣȫɱ׹̽ٶġ
Ƕû󰭣ҲһЦЦ˵û뵽׹̵˾ȻôҲңˣ۸ϽȥС㣬Ҫ¡
˵Ҫߣ硢࿴˿Ͻ׷ȥΧ˵壬ȴƻȥˣո˸ȳӣȥץ˵ʳʲô׹̵Ļ
⡭
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һظ˵˵ˣһȳʲô
˵Żȳܵķ׷ǲģס˵ȱ嶯ȻҪȥÿһŷ䣬˵Ǵôܱƽ
˵ӻͳſհ׻ֽ˼֮󣬽ŷֱǱϣЦһ˵éɽĽ巨䣬ֻҪ䣬Է˲ǣȥɣǧҪСһ㡭
֪ˣлл壡
䷨ǺηˣȾͳȳߵķ׷˹ȥ
Ǹһȳһյģû뵽ܵĻͦ죬Ѿ׷˰죬ûɨӰӡ
ʱס˵Сӣ·һֱ׷ǰ취Сӿͬˣҿͷ׷Χĺͬһѣ
ðɣ
ԥ˵˼ҿ׹̵ˣôùһֿĻ
ѽɶСֵķ令壬׹̵˲ǵģ
˵һҲԣǵͷӦ˷ֿ·ߵĺͬ
źںĺͬһһѰȳӵټ˰ҲûһӰ
֪ôźʱһȻұһͷͼһӰѾ˵ҵǰ
˿ڱȻſڲ־ҵ죬ͷһž˹ȥߵĵأûվѾ˹ȥﵽϣɤӺ磡磡Ҵȳˣ
һǸҵ죬һ¾ͱҸָסŴ;ϳ顣
˵ԭ׹Ҳʲô˶Ув塢ָ֣Ҳֹƨỹмġ
ùأ˵սս
Сˣңҡ
է֮е죬Ҳһ£Ͻĺڲקսͬϡ¹һ˲䵹һ
С
ҸոһͺѾȿֺܽ˺ͬץһשͷ嵽ѹסȳǰԴģŷӦϽվסǣŵ˵
𣡱ǡү
ڣѾۿ綢ӵˣ۶ֱˣͨһ͹˵ϣס˵Ĵȿ޵ʦʦ
һȳһյˣȻү
ôء
һŵҡͷˣȫԼ۾
㣬㻹ţ
һʣүĬĬ˵ͷǱ롣
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ү̾˿Цһ˵û뵽ǻַʽ档
ǰ˭벻
ĨһᣬʣѾˣңҸû뵽ǣ㾹ȻҲ׹еˡ
׹̣СӣǶˣҲ׹̵ˣ
Ȼ׹̵ˣΪʲôҪƣ
عһʣǵǿǸСõģ㾹Ȼͬ
Ƕĵˣ
үݺ´ȣпǶĵˣСİְ֡ҵĴ硢ʦ׹̵Ļ֣
ү㣬˵ʲôأ
˵֪ΪʲôҪͬλ𣿡
ϵһ˵ҵȻ֪ʲôΪĿֻǾԼŮ𣿹ëýʼվһְųģĿ´Ż׹СϹİţСýҲİţһжڰаڲǺͿͿ
үЦ𣿡
үĻҼֱԼĶ䣬үѾҧгݵ˵Ƕ̫űˣҪС㣬ǲƻԼĲöʮıڵãʦӡҲˣˡ
ү˵ǣе㷴Ӧ
ͷֽʵ㵹ֱ˵Ƕ棬ҪƣǵȻǵ׹̵
Щ̫嶯ˣ
ϵߣЩҽ֮һֱڰе׹ĻոձɱЩѣȫǶʮǰɽսʱҴʿڸԵĳµľǱ׹׷ɱϳŶԺڲ棡ǰϵķѾɢˣҲδȬյֵϢǵ˹ǿһŰ
үҲš
һɵһϸϸְǰġϵһüʣʱĳڱˮүô뿪ү˵㵽˭
ǲң
һʣҲ˵ǲǲ㣬ֻǸԸ˵ƭȡʦӡʲô֤ݣҲȻģСŮıҪԼŮȥ
Ǻǣǵľˡ


094 
ϵһЦŵǸϽһΪǱʶҪֳĶ֪һ̾ЦʲôˣǶҲôǸöá
⻰һ㶣Ͻʣ⻰ǡ
˵һ룬ءһ米ɫһ䣬Ӧء
ŷ֣ոը죬ȻǴ󱳴ģʱ˿̣֮ǰéɽ巨ĺѾըһƬѪ
磡
һʱ䣬үԼסûȷӦһը촫үǰĺҲѾӦȥ
ô£үʱһС
䣬䷨éɽ巨䡭
һճڣ͸Ҳһ˺ѣһΣ͸硢һȥ
үЩ֪룬ϽȰҷʵСӣôû°ɣ
үңûµ𣿡
Ҿ͸оһ˺ѣ۵ȥ
ôǡéɽĽ巨䡭
ɵСӣéɽûʲô巨䡭
ү̾˿˵ҵĻ˰ɣǶˣת
ǣΪʲôҪôԴǡС㡭
һʣϵҲ¶ЩΣ̾˿˵ȻԽܣҲѾвȷʵʮУһֱڰ֧׹̵ġ
Ҿһ
ү˵ͷĬãֿ˵׹ȷʵԵĿԣ飬ʦӡѾ֡ȸʱߣûסˣʲôˡ
㵽ΪʲôҪƣѵҪԼֶŮץĸ첲ʵ
Сӣһбѡ𣿡
Ծ䣬үݺᡣ
ûĶ֣ǰһֱΪǰбǡ׹̣Ļ׹̵ľȻСܾȣСһȻһˣ׹̳û˭
ҪҲС㰡
űϵʹţɨһſڵһĺ磬ʣүô
үһţõéɽƼʱըһʱһͻԱǳһըػķξһˣһŷҪǵ
ٺ٣үδ̧̫ˡ
ǿһЦ˵ûǵҲǲô鷳
ǿЦݣүҲЦˣӣɱ͹ˣȻʿǺѲģοƤҪСӣ滹лһƴ£ôӱһǡ
𣿵үǶͱҴˣ֮žͺá
ҳǽתҪߣүں溰СӣҪȥĶ
ȻǻصҰڵء
㡭ػȥˡ
ϵĬĬͷȥҲûãΪ׹̵Ĵƻɱ㣬˹Ѿ
Ǻǣܵûȥ
һͷһЦүҪѾҰ躦ˣҾɱҵɵûʲôãǸ쵰Ҳܱ
û˵Ӿǰߣϵ˿ڻѪѪ˳ſȵδڵϣһѪ
ʲôνġ
˺ͬҾӿŲķϣ֪Լ׳ǿǧ굤ڹң͸оԱ࣬ϵȻ˺ѷεۣҲ֮ǰöˡ
òӻصſʱΧɾĵģ͸뿪ʱûʲôɸһţͼȵĵѪ߰ߣŵ۵ˣүĵѡ
ûǣŲǰߣһֿϺżߵʿʬ塣
ûҷӦأȻﴫһŭ߽ȥһѪ˫ۺͮͮģ¶һݵҰǰ䱸ضŵϥСԵ
ȻǰңɸǶһû𣬻ӣҶҴ򣡱ϾҶ֪Ƕһһǧ꣬ûҴҵģû뵽ˣ
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һ䣬һͳײ˹ȥר־С±ŵûһֻۣһ֣һ׷ѾĶͷϡ
˲ͼڿնͷֵۣëˣɳԶءһ¾ײǽϡ
Ҳɱ㣬Ҳ޹أ߰ɣٳҲûõģʲô
飿㿴ɱЩͬţĸû飿
ҧɨЩʿ˵΢ųѣ΢ѧʱԲ͵͵óͷϸԣéɽܳϣéɽʱҪһʦ֣յéɽʱŲԸ׻͵͵ôéɽķ䣻ɽԶɽʱʮ꣬ʱʼƨһÿƨɺתһһ磬һоͽ߰꣡ٿԴպϼɽʱ˶㵱ֻά㣬ϲ㣬Ϊ͵͵ʦֵܳܣأʮǰһսȴħͷ¡
˵ʱ治ɫרΪСֶ꣬ݺ˵ٿԪͨɽѧʱǰ׸һԴոҳ֣Ҳ˰ɣ
ݺݱԹ꣬ȴͷҲֻ̧˵һ仰Ĳ𣿡
£һǧ꣬ΪҲÿװӻڣ˭飿һһ㣬أ


095 
ңǺǣʲôϵ
̧ƤЦˡ
Ҵӳģ豻ҰҪң㱻űɽǸʲôҶ
˵վЦһ˵СѾûˣҵҲˣҪ뿪һԸһ·
ðɣټ
ʹ죬͵һͷתſߡ
ɸ߳ûͷС㣬ͻȻһתɾײ
ȥүİɣǶһͷڹ꣬ˣ
αء
׹嵽ǰ̾Ϣ΢һ̧֣ͶסĲӣƴָ΢΢һһŵѽȫΧ˵ȣķѾԽԽС
㣬ȴҪѰ·
Ķأ
ۿŲסˣҲٵ飬Ӿ˽ȥ˳һѶѪһѻͭ
ҳԼȥһЦ㻹Ҳɱ㣬һַ
ͷ㶯֣Լ
˵Żҷ־ٽԼĲϣֳһƣ΢΢üͷȻҲЩˡ
ǿӵĿ湻ҵģΪǸƨ׹̣㲻ϧɥֵ𣿡
֪Щ˵ǶģȻܰһ˵ѲںЩ˵ȵָָˡ
ȻЦЦ˵ֵã˸̫࣬ʱʧȥûˡ
ǺǣˣֻҪ׼Լĺһȥеļƻ𡭡
ԭΪԼвϾļƻСҰʮҪĽɫ
Ȼû뵽ǣ˵Цһ£һ˦־ͰԱߣָһ˵ܴ̣²ֵĻҿ԰㡭
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΢Ц̵ı飬ҾͻȻоƺеϤһʱ벻Ϥʲôط
ϸһ룬⡱һʱҼԲԣ
ң
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ҴȻ˷ͻ·ϵ̵ĶɽˮɽСϪ˳¡ˣԭڰаһУϹ꣬ҳĵطҡ
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ƺЩȣȥǧʱûκڳǻԵɺ֮£Ϊǧ굤ԵϹļ乲ͨˡ
Ц˵˵ĺܶԣЩȷʵҰŵģЩϹڵ֮Ҳҽ̵ģ˶ΪЩİţȻҾ졭㻹֪ʲô
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˵ŻҳһסҰһֻۣһۣĿþòԸ뿪
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˵ŻͷɨһС㣬˵СҲһѵ·ͻȻýȫԾҲԳˡ
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ǡ
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ݺݵһۣҴδķŭ˵׽Ǻò׾㣬ȴҪ˶ϣẦǵġ
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Ȼ˵Ĳ٣ڱǧ굤ռ֮û뵽Ѿ˶ϵȨûˡ
ҷĽһ̲Żҵǰ۵˭ֻҪǻڣͱ˺
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˵Ҳ֣ûȫ˵ĺǿƶǰһ㣬ԭռ㣬ܳ嵽ǰոһܳȥԼѾǱ˺ݺһһգ۵ĹѾ˵ǰ
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һ㶣Ҳ˲ôˣѾˣ̧һȭͷͳк˹ȥ


096 
ȷʵҶ쵽̶ֳˣһ۾Ϳҵȭ·̧һѵҵȭͷǵ͹ݵĹƺһͱõ˳ȥ
ȭ֮ǰ͵͵Ҹ첲һհ׵Ļֽʱͼʮָӡźһơ׻𡰺һҵֱը˻ȫһվվסˣǿ˼֮ڻ̱㵹˵ϡ
㿴˰ɣǧֻҪپʲô취ǧ굤գ
һվһĨǵѪ˵һֱϣԻǸֲĶ֣ǿϧҵéɽ׻Ƿ켫ǡǡܿĿ񱩡
贵ţأ
ҧƴӵֱ׷˫ȶˡ
ɸվȣһ˦֣ŷѾ֣ȶᶯĶܶ㣬ֻŷԼһϥϡ
ƣ
һֳڣĵٶһѾڵء
ǳˣŷѾȫʬˣҲΣڡ
Цץһѻֽ˵Ҳʮš
ڽЩȫϣ֮󣬱˵ǧڵǴҲһ٣ǺǣģҲġ
߹ҵǰʹ˵˵ǲǺ֣ûɱ㣬ɱ㣬ȴҪš
һ֣Ҫֻ̫̬
ҺٺһЦûע⣬ƴȫԵ̧߬һŵֽεĻƷֽݺؿڡ
ùϣ
ֽұ⻷ƵʱѾ׻ȼʱѾΪһŷɻңʱͼһӰ׻һΣѾϻΪһΣ֫壬˵ӷģСؽ߾ȫ
㡭
ŭһƾͰҴɵڵأվѱϵĵù˦ȥһ˲ŵ׾Ͳȵһö̳ϵڵϵĹײĶ۵õһΪվȵĹϵȥ̳̳һţ̳˲бĸַһһ
һбҲڵϣ̳Ͱ棬̳ϵˤ÷飬ǣֱȼһͰѱµš
յòҽһϽǱվȼյſ͵һְ֣ѲϵһͭǮ˳ȥͭǮֱ컨壬Ҳ֪ôôɣ⴩Ʋƫд˹ҹơһӿ£ԴϣֵһС
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ۿյûͷֱһѪ˳ŶͷڵЦǰϣ̱һվҲЦòˡ
ּ׻˵ùһЦ˵ҲôһֱùŪˡٺ٣Ҫټһ

һ㶣޷֮ʣһѾĺ󱳣һͷ˴ӱ󺰵ˡ
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ʮš
˵䣬ͼѾӴȼѵ˳
֮ǰը˵ϥֻ򵥵ذÿǰһѪڵϻһѪۡ
ԭҪΪڳĲ㣬ҡҵһıɡ
ǺǣƾŶΪ͵ס𣿡
˵껰ʼĬģһۣڱϵʮ»ֽѾ׻Ϊҽ
ҶʦɽȫȻҲȫƽ֮
һЦȺʦӡɰүתߣȻѰ·Ҿʹ죡
˵תҪ֣Ѿ֪վһͷײϣײǰļЩ£ּһӳ׷ְըڵ˼
ۿ׻޻ǡ๾ࡱͳҹ˹ҸϽֽסһͷתҡҡԴźٺһЦ˵Ƕݰɣ֪ײ͵͵򡭡
̧ͷһǣĺʪһƬ
ˣ޷ֹ˹ȥſڵ϶ݺݶȴû˿ؿ־塭
ۿҪһţӳڷȴȻһ󼤵ؽŲ
һͷһͼʮʽɫ۵ʿѾ˽һ¶棬ֳַָΧס
񼫣Ҫе
ͷĵʿһŭ𣬵ѱһ׷˶ͷһض
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һүЦ֮ǰ˵Ѿ֮бûյξһЩţȻû
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үҲЦЦǰ˵ȻţҾǵˣȻܷΪλѣѡ
үһ£ʮʿʱƴʱȣСѾſ۾


097 ̥
һʱ䣬ɱĴＸ˵۾С˹ȥʧģĪ
磬֪ЩСǶôʥء
үŭѵҪۿڵ𣿡
ҾǲһֱԸǰ
һЦ˵̧ȾǰߣǰʿȻŵЩ֪롭
ÿ
ȻǶ֣ôã
ʿʱּ̧Ѿ֣ʿŵøϽ˲ܣȻסǱ׷˵վվˡ
ûڶ֣ӵĵʿϿȥߣһʿϽյүǰʵô죬ô𣿡
ȻʱδѵܶԸ
ϵһ䣬ʿǶ˵ˣֻ߳ţžĴΨƴغվסҪɱ㡭Ҫɱ㡭
죬Ȱѵǵʬ嶼һ£Ҫ֦
ϵһڣһȺʿϽæʰȥʿʬ壬Щҹĵġ
ߵСǰϽôˣСȴδشҵĻǽĿɨү
塭
Сһû˵ˮȴȶ
С㣬㶼˶԰ɡ
үסС֣̾˿
ҷ·һܳΡ
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С㣬ңҲ֪ô˵
ү֪ô˵Ǿ͸˵
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⡭ˣ֪Ҳûá
үûǣתȥơ
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ֹһһȻʻİ˰Ѿ˿ڵͺõ̧ͽ˵ҽҩŮ𼱻ǳͿʼΪ˵˰ֹѪ
Щ˵ǸʲôģǴĶðģ
ѵҺſڵ̨̣Щİ˽æµš
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Ȼæµһ֮ү˵˳мһ̾˿ʣû°ɣ
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Ĭ˺ܾ֮үȻ̧ͷʣСӣ㻹벻֪Ҵ飿
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ȷʵ˵Щ˵̫ˣû˵Ը㡭
үһڣ̧һĴȣ˵Ƕˣ
վүм伷ƨһүòſ¡
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Ҫô죬Ҫô˵ص㣬𣿡ҵһۡ
õõãҼ˵˰ɣ
ͷһӣһ̧§Ҽ˵Сȷʵһˣ˵꣬Ϊʲôˡˣ֪Բԣ
ҵ˵ͷֽ˵˵˰һҲ˵ÿһ궥ͳһѣֻ֮˵ǽľˮÿһҪʱһȻ
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һڣҵһ
ͷ˵һΪڴţƣʵòǺ񣬵ʵֵ˫ֻ̥ؾȫ亱Уֵʱ޹ʧ𣬽̥Ѭ̥־ԺӣһԶ
˵ʱɨһүɫε˵˵Щ㲻ɣ
˵ɣҲǡ
ү̾˿תͻ˵


098 ︮
һߣϽ²ظҽ
˵үֵһ޹ʧ˳𣬱ŨѬǺԵʣ̥һؾͶģǺӰ־ԺӣҪӡ
ѸӰҪܵܣ˭֪հѵܷܵŽǺӾȻֻ˹ӰˣΪȡΪʱĿ࣬Ԣ⡰
ӰְѸʬ˳Ϊǻ˾ͽκӤûû취ֻȥ˾ֻʣһӡ
˭Ҳû뵽֮һϣһڿ˯ʱеĺ͸оʲôڽűҹһԼĺӣΪǺҹͱ˯
ͻȻ贰¹һɨͷһģһӤһٺٵЦ
ŵһҽУͶӰ־Ѻ֣ȻԼĳѾԼԺӵĿ˳
Ҷ֪Сӱʱȱ΢΢ȶֵ⺢ܶЦȴû͸һ
Ӱﺦ£ָһҹ⺢װɽҹָ֮ˣֹ֪죬Ե޹Լ˼ңһΣźӰ˯ʱһҧĺ
ΧҽĴ񶼹һŢĺſѪ͸ʬЦŻˣҹҲ֪ôźˡ
ʱһ׻Ȼɽһɽ˳£һҹ֮ջɽ֣ɽŵĴׯﱻʮˡ
ϰһΪӲ飬ֶˣԾͰӶûˣû뵽ҰյҾȻһƿҵӡ
ûޣְѰȻֵһװһӽ˺
˳һֱûƯһƬ֣͵һϵʿ
˵ϵű壬㣬ѶϤֵԵ
ϵӤɽȥι֪ܵܽȴû֣׾̥һ˵
Ȼаأű֪ΪŽ˫ľˣŵ꿪ʦɴУϤպسɴ
ɽ̵ϾɽһңɽԵΪߣ޷ͬʱգλΪǽΪڶŵ꣬ʹǧʦغһ壬ʢ
һ̥ȴһȻͳߵģԼĸɽǸͯ
ɣǸڷħӡéɽ׻֮ܺܿգѧϰéɽ׻ʱﵽ˾Ϊ˵ĵز
𽥳Ǳǧ׹ȻҲ˱ƽΣգΪ󻼣δħ;ͶԷɽܹյ˶ʮǰǳɽ١
ɽս֮ʱȷʵڵһɽ׹ڣֻɱħ˸񡭡
ǳƽٷʱ˭ûϵȻ׹ֻǵųлаħֵܱʦɽΪ׷ֵܶɽŷֱ֮¡
ʼ˭û뵽ɽٺʮУ𲽳Ϊ˶ڱһе׹̽
˵ʱ̾һ̾
˵ӦҿųģҿͨͨޣŽΨһһ˽᲻ֵ֪ɽѧʱ͵͵Ǳɽ̽ΪҲɽӷĦֱ͸ŵ𣬽ӹĵ˶ҵжҾշҡ
Լ¶ˣǼˣǶ˼ҵڲ£ɶϵʡ
˵ͲˣԹžħҪһһ˵صĴ£ǲ𣿰ֻϧֵѧžȻҲħ
пʱҸϽʣˣСô£˵СͷϵĽĸ׶С赽ʲô
⡭ҿɾͲˣ֪
ҡҡͷŴſ¥ﴫүûһֱСȷʵǸܡ
ԭһֱû뿪
ſ߳үǵ˵ֻǵɽ£ҴŰĴܳ׷ɱҴȻ֣ﱧһõŮӤ
˵ϵ̾˿˵֮ǰһֱƭС㣬˵ýʱ˰ΪӾµģʵǣҴ罫С㱧ʱýǺöѾͷˡ
ѽС㣬Сòְɣŵ˿ĭ
Ȼϵ̵һ˵˵¿ɲģһиʲôڻûиµȥ֮ǰòҪС˵һ䡭
ϵ˵꣬ҺϽ˵ͷ춼˵ˡ
Ϊɻ󣬳Ĭһ֮һү˵үǴĶŪôˣǴʿ๤ģЩ˶ģ
ɽĺĸ·ѡ
үԱߣش˵Сӣûʮ𣿡
Ѿ˵ˣ֮һҴ
үͷ˵ԹÿսұħͿ̿״ֱŵõҼǵ֮ǰᵽ䣬ΪƽĴħң̫Ԫ谹ʿڽܷħ֯︮


099 
ү˵ҵͷǰȷʵᵽΣбʲô¼飬ħķ࡭
¼︮ʱһлСƵĸֱ︮Ϊ̫֣һˡһһ״̬һֱάֵ馱֮ʱΪ˼Ȩ³ֻ˽ͬʱҲ︮ϳ︮ڵĽħתһֱ񡭡
⣬ʮʲôϵʲôϵҾʵ
ûүشѾҡͷԵ˵Ͳ˰ɣڿЩˡЩʿʵ︮ˣ֮Ҹǿûٴ򽻵
û︮ʼһֱ񣬵Լ·ħ֮ʿгɼᱻԱӦħĴѡʮķţҲս֮︮ġ
ô︮ɶã
Ҫǰȷнħϵ֮ϵͻ︮ԣԹžɸħϵĸƾ٣ƾٳ˾Ƭһ︮ս֮Ҷ︮ҲһµĹÿҪ⣬ʮλڶֹͬ飬ʮˣҲνġʮ𡯡
ô˵ҲһҾ
ἰүͷ˵ʮǰһսԮɽʮսҲѾʮУ׹̵Ľ︮ʵȨ֮һҲΪĳ︮⵽׹̽ڵ͵Ϯʧء︮ѾڰеˣҲʱԣ︮ѾʽʮгҾħϵֿͬ𽥸յ׹̡
Ҳ˵˰֣
үĻҼò֮ǰκ׹֣̽ĴβǹԮһӶô֣һʱҵþòƽ
ԣаˣȻ︮ѾǰиҲʣ޼︮鲼صΧ׹ȥɲôˡ
˵ʱǸīϰѵѾӵ˳үԹ˵үѾʰĲˣƽӦÿ
үͷ˵ܺãֵǱ߲ôˣ
Ͼ׹̵Ҳſʼ飬ûʲôջ񡣡
ī˵ĿǰյֻǵڣǧǱ׹̵͸ħϵȥȻε˲࣬Ҫ׹γϼѡ
𼱣ȻıѾˮ棬¸׹̾սѾԶˡ
ͷʣүǽô죿
үɨһۣش˵ҵЩв򣬵ΪǶԿ׹̵м
Ǻðɣǲ˾үʹ˸ˡ
һȭ˵껰ת˳ЩҽԱ͵ʿҲ׷æ˳컹ûϽԳ˳ȥܿ죬ָֻ˾Υ
үǻ˵һѾʰĻȻһ£֮ǰǳսûзһϵѪƻǽڶˣĵƶµġ
С̳ǰĬĬ˭Ҳ˵һ߽СֻɨһۺϽͷΪԼ׵ԵʣѾҿˡ
һʱҲ֪ôοˣĳƺȫǵĺԸµֻʣֲ̿
Ȼһҹ۵ðҶѾû˼ϢˣǼڴԶԣһ
鶼ƽ֮󣬴˭ûһΣ־ǱʩħһһҵĶŲ
֪˶ãԺ˯ˣһ˯ú죬ʱѾǰˣȻָ֮ǰ硢Լ˻֮ܶ⣬ʣС㡢үԼҰ趼Ѿæµƺ׼Ҳſڰ̨£һھһ̺òڡ
ϴһ֮ȥ濴һ硢ǣΪ賿͵ϮԵʣڻԲ֮УֱʱҲž麣أ
ʶ麣ˣҸϽܳǣһ̲˴ӳ߳ү˵ţҰˡ
ү֪׹̵ϢΪʲôҪҾʡ
үȴЦһ˵İɣʲô֪˼֮ˣôõܸأȱץˣ麣е׹аҸⲻˣֻ÷ʱסûô˾ͷˡ
үһ˵ҲģȷʵǶһԷѡ
ԷʱС㲻ڣһֱԼڷﲻϳȻΪԼ׵̫ܵĴʱѾȺһӻ˹ɴײײͳ嵽˴ûǷӦأȡͨһүǰ˵ʱȦˡ
үΪͽɣСûٴܣôǵһΣҪѧҪʰ׹̡
һ˵ţүĬĬ˵ͷЦʵ㲻˵Ҳ㡭
һ⻰ϼЦˣҪ̫أ¶վ֧衣
ʱүЦǺ˵ĵӲڿʼ޿Ļƽسɴ
𣡡ǼòϽʵʦңҶҪЩʲô
ܼ򵥣͸ȫ˵ʳסУΪҵķˣҪסЩӡ⣬żøЩǮΪǿҪð취ûɣ
۶ֱˡ


100 Ⱥħ
ʦѵӦȽҵ𣿡籧Թ˵
ȻҪ̣ڣֻܰ˾ͺˡ
硰ŶһȴΪѵüͷ
ʦĶǮȥˣµˮ綼콻ˡ
һ˵үҰ趼ЦˣžİѾүˣȻһֿķֲ㿪ˣһСɶô
ҹ˾
ȴҡҡͷ˵㿪ҹ׬ǮֿӺŮⱨӦܻƵ⡭
ƣӣܲĿɣ
ɵСӣǿϱа
粻ϣүͲסΧ꿴һȦˮ͸ֶøӵԳǩĻǲǮ;ˣ
үһڣȻ򣬵һԴϲ˵ѽڵϻô꣬ʶǮˣ඼Ƿͽû¾ǰݷģ΢¶͸ϽȥҪҰǶôһ۾ʳˡ
û
үͷЦһǲԼǼ˳㻹Խħ֣ǰˡϰ׬Ǯ󡭡
ʦ֪ɹô
𼱣֪㲻ᷴԣѾһֽϭģȵͶˡ
˵ĹǽϹӵָָߵɫѾſڻһͨ˴Եࡣ
ȻһӴĽﴫӦǸСŮ޵쳣ҡ
̲סſķ˹ȥ֪ʲôʱﾹȻһӣίĨᡭ
Ҿ˯һĹǴĶŪˣ
һϽʹ˹ȥֵģϲСӡ
СʲôѽˣǺˡ
˵ЦǺСŮͷȻͼСŮ̧ͷֻۿնû飬ϻʮƬ鲣һ̧ͷ̳硰ֽ
ŵһҽУһƨɾ˵ϣŷأһҲŵøϽվȻүȴЦˣ˰˵Ǳ£Ϸ˼ĺ㲻Ͳ㡭
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼһ˫Ѿ粱Ӻ˹ȥǸ翴Ůˣ§ĲӾǿǽеġ
ŵáѽѽ˰죬Χȴֳ⼸ֻӰ
ү⵽ǡҷԲȥˣϽʡ
ү΢΢һЦҲ˵ˣһֽϭģǸЩλҰиܳǵĵطЩλҰиĿԻԹ˲Ͷ̥ʱǿӪҵߵӹ֮󣬾ר³Щ꣬ĻԹ֮ȲҲǵĶĿǴ׹̵Ϣⶫ޿ײ룬õ˶Ŀ
үжʵǸߣ
Ĵ磬Ϊѵ˵ܲÿ춼Щ򽻵ɣҲֲ̫ˡ
ҳԶһָЩĻҰ޻Цвٳ༫Ϊѿģͷֻʣ°Խ˳ŶͷҪжġ
ҪǼֻĻҲˣôĹ򣬲֪ĶɳһֻֻӰѾԽԽ࣬ۿŶʮֻˣΧмŵֱۡ
ʱүЦ˵СΪʿǼɵǿɾǿЩ򽻵Էġ
˵Żүֳ̧һ£պЩĹ»Ұʶ˿ٿ磬Ͻײײǰŵһѱһġ
һðһ£򼸸ưʢơƵĴľͰ
үҪȾư羪ʡ
ҺȣǺȡ
үЦ˶ϲһЩλҰҲˣȻưһӦȫ԰쵱ݣأ۾ͽſưɣֻٲˣǹΣ
⡭⡭ˣүˡ
үͷһЦվֳѾλҰǺԺǵ԰ԩԩԩ֣Σ
үһ䣬»Ұʱ㵸ֿЦɨһȦֱĿ
ϸһ룬ү˵Ҳееԩ꣬Ȼеط㹻ķβܣܼİǾһҲǰһȥˡ
үʾ׸ӴһʽĹ趯λѾǴ˵еȺħ衣
үִ򿪵Ĳʵƣһʱոˣһֻֻ޽ҡͷԣеһԴڹȺǵһ߹߹ȥ
ۿЩ»ҰǷɣԽԽҾҪʧƵģүƺ⣬óԳԸúȺȡ
үİ취ǲÿ춼Щ²̫ðɣ
Сӣϰ˾ͺˣɱСǣҪ㡢㵹ùҪ㣬ɾͺ鸣쿩
ү˵Ц
һĥȻϲϾѳɶ֣̾ˣҲӾҪвˣɿȥûȼеأȴȼеһͷ
ʼʱһһ㶣žͼһɫ԰׵̫̫ѾƴӷмƮޱضү˵ү׹̵Ϣ֮ǰҪȰһæ
үǸ̫΢΢һЦһ˵㿴۵ⲻˣ


101 ҧ
̫ſʼֱضүǶŵؿͷһŤȻ˸ʮתÿһ˶ɨһ顣
ͷһŵøǰһƨɾ˵ϣŵ˵ѽòҲǹɣ
ǲǻû˯أ
ұ߰˵ⲻϻǹܴӵ𣿡
ôһ˵ŻȻ򣬵ͷ˵ҲǣҲǡ
ʱүЦ̫˵ţʲôҪ󾡹˵ܰһ
үһǰұѼҺö˶˴齫賿ؼʱͻȻϽһھҧסҵĲӣҧΪұ𰡡
̫ŻһڣҶסȻǻ˸ҧģô£ѵˣȻ˭ҹûҧ̫Ų棿
ʱ̫ŵͷһŤȻͳҵ˹ŵ⡱һž̫ҧݺݵ˵ǲǲǣ˵Ķġ
ö˶˵ģΪʲôҪҧĲأ׳ŵʡ
̫ȴҡҡͷ˵ûҧҵĲӣҪ˵ĲӣҵѪ
̫ŻһڣٶȻȻ
ʱͼ̫ŵԽԽߣ̧ݵһԼλã˵ҪһҵʱˣҲвܸоһֱںݺݵҵѪﻹһ๾
òϽʬ˰ɡ
ԱߺٺһЦȤ˵⻰˵ڣͼ̫Ѿಡһ˵ǰŵһˤӵ¡
ʲôأҼҸȷʵһֱѪĴţ˵л˼ҵĽëȮҹ͵͵ܳȥ棬ڶ춼û˾ͳȥң·߷ֻʬ壬ӱʲôҧˣôһѪϵѪҲˡ
Ц
־£սս˵ҸǻǶأĶʲôʬ˵ˣʬ˵ֻһο
׳ŵӳ̫Ųһָ˵ο㿴㲱ϰװ׾ģҲûû˼ˣ𣿡
ҡҡ㡭
һ仰ͼŭ̫ţ̫ŵ˵ۣ־үʱһӣŰ̫Ÿס˻ȥƮүԿ޺˵үҪԹҸӸͶ̥
ż˵ʵǵȻӲܡ
ү˵ֶ˵˵ɱѾˡңǰ˺۲һɹ˻ţҲһԹۼѣ뿪Ǻ˿ʧҲټ
͵ͷϽ첻Ҷ໰ˡ
ү̫˵˵Ǹҧ㣬ûп˵ģ
̫ҡҡͷʱ̫ˣһ¾ͰקҶûʱĶʱ俴
ô˵ɾֻܴʬˡ
үüǿ԰㣬˵Լ׹̵ɱƭǣȻĻܵġ
үĶƭ̫Źͷ
үΧĿҵϣֽ˵С˵öᣬҲȥ¾㸺顭
ң
ҼֱԼĶ䣬ĶǸϽ˵ү㲻ǻҰأ㽻ңⵣǲе̫ˣ
˵ʱҲԱ߰ǻ˵ǰүȥɣȥ飡
ϵٻҪ£ǵ´ΰɡ
үֵһ˵㣬ѵҪָһǽͻ뿪Ķй㣿
һ㶣ϽҰ˵뿪裬Ҫؼң
ǻؼңҪԶšЦҡҡͷ׹̿ŷɽʦҡʦӡѾ䵽ǵٱҵéɽڵľɾˡ
ѵ֪ľ䣿
ҡҡͷ˵ʱ֪Ҫȥéɽһˣʮǰéɽһս֮ľʹӴʧˣҲéɽʲôչҪȥ̽һ²УȻ׹̵ſɾͲˡ
˵ҵ˵ͷȻҲأȺʦӡ֮ħѾӵ˸ΪħΪħ֮ꡱĲ壬Լͨȫ׹̽İȣ֮⣬׹ͨҡүүͨʦӡʮĴʦű壬һҵľħͿԳ׳ˡ
һ£ֳүԹ˵үҲ֪ڼȱ֣ҵȥ£ȷʵеСĴˣҲǲá
İɣء
һӴȴžͼСѾ˳
˫ɺ׵ȴһĨӲ΢Цһ֪ڹǿǿڹ߳ǣҵɲһ
С㣬˰ɣ
ҸϽվЦʢһ뷹
Ķ֪Сûңɨһ̫˵ʬĶһȥˡ
ǣ
Сһ˵̫žȻһɨһү˵үܱߵĹ»Ұ˵ĸˣҵĳȥŷģСƨĻ
˵˭СƨŲ㣿Сӻûء
һҲԾʧ񣬳Ĭһ֮˵֮İ齻Ǿͺãһá
ǣǺðɡ
̫ŽŽɵصͷʣô֪λСôƺ
ϵ
СһۣȻͬ͸ô֡
ɻûҷأѾ̧ժͷϵñӣöı
ҽýɡ


ڶ ꡢסӡ


102 ʬ
С㣬ǲв
һСϴʱҸһ䣬Сûһػվһ͡
һֺۣҸɶ
ҸɶС˻
˭ҺôҲǵһӰɣѵи˧ŵĻᣬֱӸһϵĹڹѾˣЩ»ҰҾͽСˡ
ҹôࣿ͸ĵĽйϵˡ
Сûң˵ͷȥŸ迪ʼˢ鲻
ϵﳳһҲռţˢˢһͰޣ
ӣճԹ緹Ұ͸ǴУ˵׷ľҪٶൢ飬ʱҶҰᣬҰҲͦģǶңǶС㡣
軹СקһǧΪС۸ң۸ҵӻɺСң˵ˣС˶ӴСǷᣬĶĲԸôʹǧ
֪Щ֮ҶҰҲͲôˡ
ͱ˰裬Сȥһۻ˯е硢ӺͰ˵һһأƤѾ⣬ӺͰֱڻһϢģӣӱ̧︮ڸͻûѹ
Ȼ˺õıȽϿ죬Ͳס֮ǰ̫࣬ض֣͵͵ְֱһ٣ϱһޣҲ֪϶Ϊܱ۸ͱһء
үӦģĵʱͼĵţŷһд̨ǰˢˢдʲôϳԹ˷̰Сн˷Ц˵׼û
壬׼ˡ
С˵ͷҽʣ׼ɶѽ
ϵûңС̧־ָһͣûʵ˵ңҶһ֣һԼҲ֪ɲôö֣Ͼûء
ҪϵϽ죬˵ʵ̫Ǽ׼ûϰû磬ڹֲܼʱϻʬһֱͣҽԺ̫ƽʬҿɽˡ
ϵһ˵ҲϽͷ˵ү¶Ҽأͷİɣ֤񡣡
һظ˵׳־С㵹ǲмһۣŸ˵㣿˰ɣҽԺԹԸұõ¶
һĹǶȻҳأκһ˹ƶ̲סˣҵȻҲڣһʣСʲô˼ܼǶͷָǰɣˣǳʱҾȵ㣬㲻ҲˣȻôҴСеģ
ƨҪΪ㣬ܱ𣿡Сۡ
ǣУҲ˵вУ֪ô֪ôĶ϶ôãԲֱӰžž˵ˣ
СӣҿǷˣ
Сһ˵ʱͺˣ͵֪ԼǻˣҪŵøϽ㣬Դġ
ȻСȴûҵϣȴݵҵǰŸСƿӡ
һˣʵɶִУ㻹
ȥİɣ
СƳһۣһְǶһһƿϰҩ
ûҷӦСѾһ۵˵͵͵㿴£㱳ϵը˻ָĻ죬ǻûȬأͿҩõĿ졭
˵껰תߣƿϰҩסˣûӦϵϰЦһ˵Сӣ˵ֶŮĶͦõģôƫƫϹ
˵ŻϵЦһ⻰ͼˣݺһģָӺͷӣڮϱ
˵껰תߣϽȥ׷С㡣
Ǹ̫ѾԼʬͣŵҽԺǣϾֻȥʬͻСҲûʲôò״紲һֽӲңͳţֱȥҽԺ
ȻˣҽԺ̫ƽ䶼רԱֵ࣬ȻǽȥСҲûǴкֵ˲עͣʬ̫ŵָʾܿҵʬ塣
û˷֣Сһ߼̫ŵʬ壬һ˵ȶ̵ģǰƤҵ𣿡
ҵˡ
Ӧһӿ㶵ͳһݸСһӣ۶ֱˣΪͳĲףǱס
㣬̬ɣŴô
Сһ죬̧־ŵøϽȰסε˵Ҳ밡ҹòãֲʬֹȥĶҽƤףҿ紲²һִʵҲûɶֱ𡭡
㡭
СҪ쭣ϾҲ֪ʱǿ͵͵ģһʱҲֻܰҵĻʮϰȡεġʹʮָϣ˵ⶫΪʲôйζͦóԵġ
ԱߺٺЦ˵ǣˮ͵ģҪϲȥԡ
ȶ̵ģҲһǲǣ
Сֵһ£ûңʼר־Ūǰ̫ŵʬ
һ֮󣬾ͼСüͷ΢΢һš̫ŲƤ˵쿴˵һһѪ
С˵ҿһۣǣǶҲԲǱԲ׶εʹһƵģ˿ڱƤΧֳһɫһ͸˺ݺҧһ
ƣ̫Ŷˣ˭˹ƲͬͷܣҲû


103 թʬ
С㷭һ˿ڣɫԵԽԽࡣ
ҿԱ߹ĵʣС㣬㷢ʲôû
ĿǰûУ̫˿ȷʵ֡
Сչȥϸ˰죬˵ȻʬѾͣʬ˺üˣ滹ã˿Χ⻹ۣǡ˿ȴɫģ͸˶һ
˶ʲôæʵ
ʬ
СͷҲص˵ȻûۼʬҶĵ￴ж˿ڵ֢״ֱ͸˿һޣ˿ڱܹһⷭǽʬΪ
СǲǱȾˣ
ЦЦ˵ⶼʲôˣǳУĶʲôʬ˵ˡ
˿ָһ£˵˵ʬĻӦôֻһأ
Ҳֵĵط
Сһ˵һּ飬Ķ֪ʱȴͣʬſڴһкιǸأ
СȻ̧ͷһȻһŮʿͣʬſڣ㵵ضǡ
ǣǸ˭ǽģ
Ůʿ˵߲鿴һǱƺǷʼ¼ĶߺСϽҾĵУǸʲôģһʱ֮ǵҲͲ塣
ƺûʲô⣬ǻʿĵҲüͰСƵ˱ϣѱСʬٶϣһﻹһ߲ͣؽǡ
ɨСһۣȻЩͷˣ͵͵߬ȭͷҾ֪С϶͵͵˵
ɸûС㶯أڳ̫źȻ͵ſ˫ۣһѾ߬סǻʿ֣
ѽ
ʿŵһҽУ˫һ˹ȥСҲæӾת˹ۿ̫žҪӳСϽһȥӲְ˻ȥͷҺʲôأæ
СһҲŻæܹȥס̫ŵļ򣬿ȻĴûҰأֱֽһͦȻ
ԸʬʲôãҪͷ
˵ŻС˦ּһŷ֣žһӵĶͷϣͷһѱ˳
ҿʱϴŷ
СĨһų亹ü˵¿ˣѾʬˣٲ϶ҪΣ˼䣡
˵껰СϽ䣬ָӵĶͷһͼӿʼ۾ҵزǿﻹðһ޵غ
ȶ̵ģ죬
СһУæͳ˹ȥӵʱСŻͽһ̫ŵ򦣬һ˲ǻȼ
ŵһ㶣̲סʣѽӺôţ
ͣʬͣʬʬɽʬ֮ǰȻɢȫʬãʬ˳ź磬ڿǻ˾ͱʬ
С˵˫ʹס̫ŵͷٰſԱ߿ţͼĺ͸ƤⶼܿһƬ˳źܾսšһӵĶð˳һ̫ͬŵƤȼ
ۿ̫ŲСŸϽ˻һʬ󲿷ֶѾһһΧס
С㳤һ˵һǵһĽʬû뵽ϵʬá
˵ŻأѾһӵСԼ͵͵ģŵøϽſܡ
ɸܵſڣͣʬѾ˴һŸ˿һװĶ̷Ů˼˽ǼűƷˣֳ־סſڣС֮·
տʼʱ˫ֻǶţɴͷŮ˺ȻСɨһۣɫʱͱˡ
ǵʲôˣȻջ˾֤
֤ʲô֤ǿֻʬ
С˵ŻɫؾǰߣƺͣûȽӽŮˣŮּۿһǰûС㷴ӦѾץסСһֻ첲󣬽С㰴ǽϡ
ιҪ
һС㱻һסҸϽǰ壬ʱŮѾشһС˫˱һ˦֣ͳǹסҵıӡ
֧̾ӵĸӳխZۣľ͸ұͷ£
Ůǹָһŭҵʱˡ
СȻסˣһĲѱõۺ˲𰡣ոҪң˵ڶˣ
СѾͷòǾԺܳİɣ
ǸխZ۵ŮСһۣŻͷЩſڵҽԺǻɵŸǿⰸҪ֤ȥ
һŻȿֺܣɵȱʱʬճ˽̿𶼿ˡ
խZһʬ屣סˣԹŮ̯ϴˣ˵ǲ֤ݣ
үС㡰ҡһû
ʱͣʬѾٶȱƿ߽ǸʮС꣬һǩӣһֶضһžסˣǰգʣգնӣôǣ
ϹѽԼ
խZ۵һۣЩ󲿷ָⰸйصʬ嶼ڼѹˣͻʣһģձӷһѻˣ
ӷȫҶӷ
ǱסˣСƻһ㶼ûֺʵǰɣʬѾʬ˽ʬҲͻȥҧˣ
С˵꣬Щ˶סŹضСգգۣխZʣնӣͻؾ;Ժ


104 
ȱ۰о񲡣ҲĲǣȴȥ
խZһŵСӸϽĹضˣͳͳұƽ˹
ȻҲǸ죬һǰƽҸϽˣָñҸǣǺڰײ֣Ǿʬȷʵǳ˽ʬˣ
СӸϽͣס˲һ߽ŵضңһһֻİǹ˳Ȱ˵Ƕ𼤶ô£ȸһ˾־ˣԣвУ
һڣСŮʱһ˵ҫʲôвͿǹ
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ҲˣָŮСǶҸ㣬ҪץǾ͵ڸԼڷؿأô͸˵ף
ҵۣԽԽôƶ񲻷ְǿǺİæһллûҪץˡ
˵ǰһۣ˵ֲö˵شԣ϶ǿյġ
ҫܲͿǹ
ǣ
Сŵһ£ŮϽֳۿҪץңž뻹֣Ķ֪Сĺȴ˹ȶ̵ģץǸεĻʿѹʲôˣ
һҲǣϾֻСڣиŵȥĻʿأ˲ܸ֤ˣ
ǸҫСӰ֮󣬸Ͻȥǻʿҡ˼ҡʿȴһڵϣܵľŲᡣ
ڿ΢΢ȶ϶ǻкҲò˶þˡ
ǵѵʱ䶼û֪ͨһЩͬ¸ϹֳѹС˾
˵Ҳǵ˰˱Ѫùˣ緹ʱֺǺǵģͳʬ壬ھȻɷˡ
Сؾ֮һ㶼ûϣмˣһķ࣬һ֪ʲôöмСȥ֮Ϳʼǣмǽ˯ģһĺȦŨأǰҹձ˺ܲҡ
һ֮󣬾Աʼ󣬷ֱС˲ͬѶҪ¼ڹ
Ǳ鶼ɷȻǺܰС˷ˣƾԱ˰죬ҲûʲôСǼǾʬǽʬ಻Ŷν
һ˴ҹֶûֻүǳʧȥϵ
ۿŶϰ˾ŵˣСھȻֹܷۿžһһųȥЩסˡ
ȵʮʱһѾʣˣС֮⣬иСһֱǽǣƺ˯
˵Сӵסһ˯˯һ죬ͷû̧һ£Ҳûһڡ
ֹһ֮ǰץҵǸо˽֮ǰҽԺһﻹһݹضЦгš
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ǲҩǸҩ㵽ʲôʱߣСûʡ
ҫЦЦ˵ŮǱżǰѾ֤ˣնڻûأôͷǣҲþ48Сʱ˵ɣ
48Сʱ㵱ôţ
СþҪ쭣ҸϽȰסǸҫ˵Ƕ˵ʲô֤֤ģ˾ʬѣ߼Ǯ͵ˣõ𣿡
İɣǮǿ϶⣬߼ڹز¶Ժٶ£
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Ҳǲ֪ǾʬǷǳҪ
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ҫ˵ʱҼ𾪣ﾹȻô£Ϊʲôһ㶼û˵
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ҫ˵Сһ˵Ϣǲ뱻֪ûϵڸǸ
С˵꣬ҫٺһЦ˵ΪҾͦ˼ģĺ˵ĸһ֪һЩǵ¡
ǣ㻹֪ĺãøԼ⡣
СôͷȥͲ˵ˣԿҫҲеΡ
Ǹ⣬شˣҲܷߡ
ճĬһ֮ҫЦ˵мˣ
ҫһ仰ˣǹضԶ˳ɵˣϹѽһ죬⻹㣿
ȻСһ˵㣬ˡ
С㻰һһ㶣˵СҲϹôˣԱǽ˯ǸǶһֱûˣ
С˵ҫҡͷ̾˿ŹضߣɸߵſڣСѾӱ⻹и˵ġ
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ңü
˵ĶԻеԺһ£ʱ͵һѵ˵һֱǽ˯ǸǶǹ


105 
ûҷӦҫѾˡ
ұˣʱڣҸ˵˭Ϊвû뵽б˿üˡ
ǵظ顣
Сɨһǽˣ˵˵˾ǰһԹ»Ұ㲻ϣһֱΪԹɢĵطԹͲ
˵ŻСɨ˶˳ҫһۣʵôܸȤ
ҫһ͵˼ͷ˵ȷʵͦȤģտʼ֪˶ʱҲ£ɺ׳ŵӽ죬һֱͷҲ
Ҫģҵǿ԰æϧûֽ
˵
ҫ˵Żӿڴﻹͳһſհ׵ĻֽСһʱʵôֶѵҲǵˣ
ʲôţ
ҫһ˵֮ǰ鰸ʱڸģװڴˣҪϲ㡭
Сûش𣬳˼Ƭ̧֮ʳָҧһڣѪڻֽдһġ
һɣͼСѪһڵϣſĬģһʱͼǽ˵ž͸һĪһᡱһ¾ͰǽǸ˹
ֱͦͦ˷ϣСָֽһڵϵķ䡰һըһŻ磬˳ǹ忪ʼգתۼ佫ȫֺ֮Ȼը˿
ǸĹԭͣɻһɢ̾ŵؽѽѽô£ô£
һҫŵȶˣСϽ˵£ֻΪظ鿪ǣܸ˵ˡ
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ǵظɨһ˵ǰǸͽ˼ǮǷһͱϳ˼ţ˽ͷʱʵڶûжˣһҳУץ˽ؽҲŷ֣Ҷ˰ծĸծȻҲھҹأұǱǽߣϱӾ飬ͱˡ
ԭ
ҫȻ򣬵ͷ˵ȷʵ˵ˣû뵽㡭
⻰˵꣬СѾ˷ǵظֱǽǣͷ˵ˡ
ֵظԹȣԶԶᱻ֮ڲẦˣԲҪҲӲܡ
ô˵ǣĲһˣҫŵ˵
ȻǣѾ͹ܶˣǾǲ
СüͷǾʬѾˣӾԲһȺƾܽ˵ģʶ͸ϽǣȻĻɾΣˡ
С˵ҫ˵ͷ˼
ҵĹעȴһ⡣
ҫ
ҽһʣҺСܿණԭΪʲôҲܿ
Ҳ֪ҴСܿ˿Ķҫ
СΪеɻ󣺡ۣܿλҰǸȻʿ
Ȼ̫Ļǿͦӡ
ҫͷЦЦ˳ңûǷӦѾְŸϡ
ιʲô˼˵˷ǳȥСˡ
ҫȴЦЦ˵ǸڻСȻȷʵ޹أôһᾡϼ㱨ȡǷˣûͷ˵Ļնӻҵģǻжһٸġ
˵תߣСϽ׷ʣжôˣҪ
ҫ߼ҴǰߣͷҲصشǸɱֵʱйɵģն׼׼װ̫
ʲôǷ𣿡
ҫ˵꣬СˣҡդУѾ߳ŵҫȴѾˡ
ЩѰ·
Сúݺһդϣ˵ĵʲôﶼûҪˣҪˣ
ô죿С㣬ܲӲܰɣ
ôܣ
Сһ˵䶼ûУԼȥôȱˣ
һʱΣҲֻڵϸżһ˺ҹһˣүǼһֱûȥҲ϶ڵء
ʱ˵ľ˵˵ЦЦ˽ڵľҾʱСϽվιվס
Сһ˶ͣûȿھСּ˵ҸǣǸնӽԲжȻҪģ
նӣ˵խZ۸ӳʹ˰һ˵һ⻰Сɫѿˡ
ǳȥ죡
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˦һۣҪǰߣСö½ţץդ˵˵вǲǣҸǣҿɲˣٲŴҾͳǣ
Сһ̧ۣ־Ͱñժˣͼ˻ͷӳнһӶ
쿴һ㶣Сһ˦ͷǶë׵Ķʣ˰ɣ֪˾Ϳ㿪ţ
Ķ֪һ˵껰쾹ȻЦˡ
Ѿͷħһһ
ҩɾȣ
С¿漱ˣִñ֮һְָҧѪ
С㣬Բѽ
ŵøϽקסСȴݺһƿңų嵽ǽ¾Ϳʼǽϻ䡭
ǲйǲǣãǼʲôй
ǽѪ֮С䣬һŭ𣺡ƣ
ơһڣСĽָѾָǽǵĵظ飬ʱˣѽǶô˸ˣˣ
ʱǵظҲѾת죬˫Ѫ
ǺúòҰ


106 սֹ¼
ѽѽѽ
ǳŻˣһˣһҲվվסˡ
Сդ￴ţһЦ֪˰ɣŴ򿪣
˵ʱ·˺˼ָ˵С㣬ʲô
ûʲôǼ򵥵ɽл䣬Щɵ쿴ж£Ǿ֪Լûˡ
С˵ʱ򣬾ͼӵص¡һ˸Ӱҡҡλεľ塣
һСסһظ鰡ôֳһ
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һ䣬ӵص¶ʱһɫҰ׵ĹеҲе֫ȫеԴʣһˣһ̶кɱĽڷ塭
ƺ˶һŮŽ鿴һǧѾԼ۶ȥһŵõʱ͵زˡ
СС㡭
ǰĻҳ棬Ҷɵˣ˿ĭ˵㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ңҲ֪
Сգ˵ҾǸظŻŻǶѣôгôࣿѵ̫Ҳǿˣ
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Сҡͷ˵ǵһѪⲻûֽеˡ
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˵ʱͼһȺ»ҰѾӵ˳ͬȱֳΨһͬͷ϶Żɫͷ
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ĬһСգ˵һ侯ֵڵأǰһƬս桭
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ֻƺֻԼɱ֣Ǹûк֮ģ˵ЩҿҽеľԱֻԼԼġ
һҸϽСô죿СƲ죬Ҳ֪ûɶ취Գһ˵ȱˣ绰Ҷȥˣ
һҲǣͳﵽһŰ칫ǰ绰˹ȥү˵绰ҸϽ¶˵һ飬Ͻ취֮Ͱѵ绰ˣС塣
ǳҳһˣŹǺ洫Сŵͷһһ£ϽӳгҪηǱӡ
ӳһҸϽС˵С㣬Ҳ֪ЩĶжôѽ
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С˵ּ꣬ӿ˽ŲƴгʮӵĹѾ֮ǰ̫ųµĵط
δݾǲţͰгصԱߣͽʼǰߣֻϣܾҵҫǡ
Žֶһ֮СȻסҵְקǽӰҸϽʣС㣬Ҫ
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СһۣѾȷ϶̾ӵĸӳխZۡ
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ȥ˵Ŵݾߡ
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ڰ㣡
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˵ػ´ݾߣû뵽ݾˡ
ʱխZۺǲھҹأôܳˣ
С໥һۣ˭û˵ھֵ˵û׼ǵðֱǹУ
һխZҪŭҫϽȰ˵նӣȷʵ޹ģ֤Ҹ̫ǵˡ
ԶԶԣСϽͷ
޹ôĶ񾭲ֻﵹæ
խZ۵һֳۣҫһ˵Ѻȥúÿţע⣬


107 
Ҫ㲻ǲǣС̲ס
˵һɽݶǿŮ񽻼һ˲䣬ײһһխZ۰ѱסСƸһԱָС˵֮ǰǵĿڹҶĿǰȷʵûи˻ͬļ󣬵ҾǣʲôˣٸҵһΣҾҪǺÿ
խZ˵ֵҫһۣɵŸʲô˴ȥúÿţ
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ƾɣСŷ֣λãȻǱһģֱһ
ϳҫ׼ͻؾȥһխZ°Ų֣֮ǰΧЩϽ˻ԭصλá
ҫ鲻ԸҪСϽһ˵Сӣ֪ǵݣҪͻؾɣ
Ȼʲô취
ҫû˵նӵôܲɺˣҪǽɹץ˷˶ûϣôõһǶˡ
ʱ㻹£ǹҪҪ
СֱդֺǸֵ֪ܸͲˣǡ
СӸҫأʱԶȻһУŵڳ϶סû⿴أּǹѾҹա
вǿɾ͡
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һʬһԱֵʬ֤ݣôյ
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ʱСζ׷٣Ҫ֪ʬҺ˲ںδ
СӦһգۼʧټ
žʰоʱûϢһȻҫԱ߶ŵ绰˵ʲôֹüٸװϷѽ㣡ҷˣϿ֧Ԯ߳ˣ
ҫ˵Ҷ˵绰ߵ߹С˵˵ֲ֣⼸ҳ˵йûţղҴ绰ȻҾֹüٸ˵ǲв
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Ϣһ֮ԼԼؾһӺҹƮ˹һӰѾƾճǵǰ
һȻ֮ǰԷ֮ǰʱ˲վţһֻʣһڵϿޡ
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֪͸ϽߣðԼִȥ
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ӹȣЩΣû˵СС߽˺ͬ
Ӳܿ˷ǳأǳŹȵǲļѣʵڿȥˣȰ˵ҪұɣҪҿ
˵Ҫ£ȴס˵Ҫ˶ŲסԺһô׹̱𡭡
һתЩἰֻ֣˵˸֣СѾ¶һڵˡ
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Сʹ˸ɫСᣬءһž߿ǹԢš


109 ħʬ
һһʱӽŷ죬ը죬ŷš֨һȴûκε
ĵǿŵģһһŹ˽ȥСҲȥһ
ͼɳǰһĹײģɳϲˣһ
һ廨Ҷס֮ǰץߵխZۣɳΪŶŵ԰ס
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һ߽ȥͷɳһֻƤɨһۣȻڣéɽӵܣ
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һڣȫסС̲ס㣬˵ʲô˵Լɽӣ
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˵Ѵӹײ˺һֽ߬õָȻյÿʼð̡
治ɫĬģ漴䳯Ǵķ䡰һըһŻ棬ɽĻ֮
Ҳ˦ּһ׷֣ŷײһ˲仯ΪһŻҽ
㾹Ȼɽӣ
üͷʣɿڵӷ˶㲻ϣȻɽӣΪԸʶħ
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⻰ҵһ˰ȹùҲһħ
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һ廰һڣٶȱɫʵô֪
ʮǰɽѣ֮һֱҵʦ֣ô᲻ʶ
˵ŻǹﾹȻһ˵ȻǼλʦֶ֮ǰ²ǳᣬҿǻǿ뿪ɡ
뿪
СŭкݣǵӵܡħʬǶҪе
С⻰˵δЩ̫ˣк飿Һʱк飿
һЦûħԸҪʳŮ˵ѪԼΪɽ㣬ʳǼˣһѾ֮ˣҲһʱ¹Źأʲôк飿ҲˣŮץ֮һδץֻΪۿҽһħȴҲɱ޹֮ˡ

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˵佭һ˫۱ͨͨģצһŭ𣬴촽󴽽ǵλڳһżض
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110 ͷ
ǹײĸӡţǿյģͼȴ⡣
ͼһֻչ߷ɵһоŸͷߣߵβȴססĲӡ
һֵͼҶס㲻ͼ˼
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ڷйǿҵķŭ侲֮խZۻŵصʵǣǵʲô
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֮ǰխZۼθС㶷죬ڱСһȴʵñ죬ʲô˵ˡ
Ҳѹ֣Ǹþ죬Щħ֮ȴȫδ֪ģͻȻôĴ˭ǵ
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ʱͼһ䡰ᡱһխZ۶ʴŽʬûҧխZۣ׼ǽʬĶͷһ˲һ˲סǽʬԴʬҪԴѾըһ⣬ԽխZǡ
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ү˵꣬һЦٺ٣ָүѧ˺üжأ
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111 ʬ
ү˵ѾˣȻһκŰĵ顣
޼ʦֵܣŮŮһתѾʮˡ
Ŀүһ̾ҡҡͷ˵ȻħҲıһʲôԣȻĻҲרѾ֮Ѫˡ
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112 Ƽ
ѽӣʱʦĶڸӰ
үֱţɺƺû׵Ƿʲô£Լĺҹԣһ佱ûУǰ˶ٴ
ʱڵʦǲûˣ
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˵ŻĲѾʼˡ
Ѿ˵ˣϣ
үһŭ𣬵ȴѾΪ˸
үͳȥңŴ׷𣡡
˵Żܣһһߺģô೬УŴ׷۵ĵطɣȥȥ
һѣСҲϽ壬ҪȥŴ׷ۡ
ӵ֮˱·ȥңȻôˣĳͶѾЪҵˡ
Ķ˵ϱģÿһҳУֻҪûŵģԴӵҿʯͷҲȥҷһͨҵ֮ȴܱߵĳиûŴ׻Ŵ׷
ûģȥּǰܣоͼңҵʱȻһ󾯵һȻһѾ˳ſڣų죬ߺؾ塭
˲ϾͶ
ҿɹ˲ϴǣڳҷһͨ
һסˣǰҵ˷ӣʹ˸ɫ֮ͻȻˡ
ң
һվ˫ȭѵ֣ûһĹͱסߵİѺ˾
ɼ㱻ڳһڲͣؽŭֺ˼Ǿ컹ͲҵĲ
ûһĹұǿ˸ɳȥأ˵һǵ˰˱Ѫùˣűųȥˡ
ɼǱؽ˾ңһǲֵҺҽУţǸϽҳȥȻɳֻǾ񲡷Ժ绰ҸŪȥ
һһˣһҿˣֱ֡
һֵҹ꾯ԱסˣץӾ˾ϣҺСñˣȻ˵ԡٻ񡢾֮ܲ⣬ٸһȻϮŲţ
ϮϮģëҸ㣬ٲҳȥֵҪɱȫң
ðв͸ϼʽ㣡Ӷǣҿû򣡡
꾯ԱúݺһţʱһŮ˵ôţҪҲԣ
꾯Աһ⻰ǻðɣͷ˭
˵һʱϽ˸ΡΡ˵⣬ⲻն֧̾ôæʲôˣ
꾯ԱĻҲһǣ߽һһŮҶʶһխZۣһҫ
ʲô磿а硣
խZ۴žװ粽ߵ˾ſڣɨһ֮ûңǸ꾯Ա˵ʲôְ˭ȨҼ
ңңҾһЭ꾯ԱͷЦˡ
խZ۵һ˵Ǿӵ˸ģ쿪ʼϰˣʲһǹ֧ӵӳкȥǱ߰ɣǶҪľֻ쵰
꾯Աίò޳Ҳ˵ʲôˣϽܵһȥ
խZ۸Ͻҫʹ˸ɫҫᣬԿ׾ʹ˾ҵţžխZ˵Ǹллǡ
ÿûʲô˰ɣҿ׵ʡ
ûˣǰ֮ûҾˣ˾־ǵݵϸղźȻյɳȥҳеĵƵһȻ㡭ͦ޷찡
ʲôԺ˵м£
ҲˣҸϽ壬ҫסңЦǺ˵ǶȱߣǵѾն˵ˣΪ㣬æģ
ԼҺԺˣĶ軹пոǳտ£
˵ŻƿҫܣɸܵſڣһӵŵžխZִұһû˵أٸǰһͰطܲ
խZ۵ģҶһþ͸ŻƵġ
һͷǹ׼ԴխZۺٺһЦ
ţ谮ôô־Ϳǹүү߶ˣ
˵껰תߣխZҿûһۡ
ɵ߳ɳʱխZۺҫȻ׷˳խZǹһ߬סҸ첲סң˵ι֪ǾȹңҺôҲ֧̾ӵĸӳܸøӰɣ
ӣ㰮˭Ҫ˭ҪȥǶ죬˵D36EҲû㡭
˦־ǰܣɸܳȥûԶִȵһ׷ңխZ۴ӳ̽ͷ˵ҪȥĶ㣡
Ȼվֶ룬ҲûǿӣϽ˳ָ·ȫϡ
·խZҳʲô£ļٸûûãҫͿͣ˵ſڣ³Ͻ壬ɸһȣ洫һεˤԼһҵغС
ɱңʦС㣡죡ɱң
˵ʲô磬侲㣡侲
˵ˣ϶СҲûҵŴ׷ۣǰҪ


113 ʬ

ҺһϽ壬ͼĶѾҵ߰ģƤ͸࣬ɨΧɱ硣
ٿˣȻǶܵĹʱ඼˵ϣֻʣСǿԶ齹ǣƺһԽֱƷĻᡣ
ʦȥɲаСԽԽѲˡ
˿ĭȻҲǽƣˡ
죬ɱҡ
Ҳţʱʱʹ࡭
ʦûˡɱҰɡ
˵ʲôƨһ˿Ҳ㡭
ϵǿӣ˵Żֳ˹ȥȻһУһȭͻү
үʧĶлֻ֮һȭͷֱѪ
壬
ᣬСӺػȥͳֽתС֣ȴûлֵĻᡭ
С㣡
ۿС㱻ҿסˣϽǰ壬ʱխZۺҫҲѾ˽һһ˾ʹ򣬶ʱͶס
ôˣխZŵһϽǹ˳
ǹջȥǵŵ£޹أ
һͷһûһץסҵĲӣҧһ˫Ѿ¶˲ҰɫļĸѪȻ
ݰ
סʱһ𣬽ɫӱ󷢳񡢰pͷѾóҲס
סҸϽѵԵүʵүҲûã⵽ô£
ʬ̫ʧ˵ܰѹƣôȥ¡
ι
ү˵ʱķһ̧ȾͰߵ˼ɨһ˵СӿǷˣҴһͨûʲô··ҪҪûɱ
ɷ⻰һpȴŵسſɡԣ˷һ˵ʲôûа磬ˡ
pһڣǲüͷpʱʮѣǧڵ˭أ
ôˣ㳤ñϰ
ôΣյĹͷֻȻһʱɱݣһһ䵱˸ûûˡ
˭ûעѾȥһѾ§ס˰pûȶԷӦһھҧȥ
һʱpһҽУ˲仯ѪɫĹâɢȥһ㶣һۺҽãҾй꣬ҽҲҪ㡭
Ա߿˵ЩŮ˿湻ֵģջֱ˺ýãǵĽ߼ʲô
Ȼͷȥʱϵȴһ𣺡ǿǧҪоȡ
үһ䣬ҽѾûʶצͽ˳״ƬƬϼ⣬žԺдСɱֲɱֲ֪ô򣬻Լɡ
𰡣Ȱסһŵغ
סǿɲǴڵĿģɡ
Ȼӣһʱе㲻֪ˣȴСûзϣֿʼεˣȥһξͱһΣ޷ס
Ȼһҽ̧֮ͷ˫ɱ˵˫Ѿٿ˿ظ飬ۿСһֳַӭȥһ̧֣ǶסСֱۣץĲӡ
ף硭
С㣡
һСƣҶ񣬵û˿ԥѾͷһҧС׾Ĳϡ
С㡭
Сգ˽֮ͷĪȼһһ𣬶εĻ˲ǻһ·յĺڣ֪ô£Ҽûʼˡ
ָоƺѾǵڶˣ֮ǰйһΣǴεĶ֣ǽұ
С㡭
һƬհף˾С֮⣬еʶѾģˡ
Ӹոǰһ̽Ҳ֪ôʹôգۼ侹ȻѾһܵǰסСһקĶ¾־ŵһСĲӣѾӡһԶӡۣûвȥһ
ɸհС£ѴӺ溿ȻԺִһǷģҲǺ߰pģɳȴǸˡ
ǧ귨ɵ㵤･϶ΪһˣǵħߺһƣǶǢΪ֮
ת˲ţӰȴѾ˵ҵı󡭡
ۿҪץңһͽס˳һȭ֣˼ĵء
Ȼһȭ򵽣ֻΧˣԼһ¡
ʱһͷɨһ㵵С㣬һǰδе˵С㣬סûס
˵Ǳһצسû˱ܣӭǰ壬ۿ˿ײһʱ׼ʱһס˰˫֣Żͷŭ𣺡С㣬죡ס
СлһŻֽͳ˹ͷһĨֽȻ˰Ķͷϡ
ͼ˲ðһ̣ıøʹķҲԽԽˡ
δʱ䣬ұٶһȻ͸о˲䱻Ƶģһ¾ʧ˸ɸɾ
Ȼʧȥһ֣ҵһץͷϵķ䣬˺Ƭ
ˡ
̲סһУµڵǳû⣬ʱһűðŰ̵ķѾſȵķֱ˹
λʦֶʬɲôץġ


114 а
ͻȻ˶һվſסխZۺҫҲɵۣæͷȥʱͼһð̵ͷѾҡҡλδ˽
е㽩Ӳ·˵ԵЩϵɱȴοɼһһ¶棬е˶סˡ
ǣ
խZ۵һӦϽŵسͷ˾ǹͷɴһĨЦƺխZһֻɨŴĻȻЦ
˵һɽݶû뵽һҹҲݲ¶ʬͷ˸ոһŻƷֽҪҵͱעʱ˿һۣ߾Ҳûзֿ
ͷ˵Цеģȴɱ磬޲ϳȥ˺˶Էһ
Ҳôģͷ÷ֽһʱצس˹ȥ
һͷ˼ǰ壬һѾƿ˵·խZۺҫת˲ɱһš
һɱһǾȫɵۣͼʱҰһצӺ˺ʱʩչԱ߿Ժֻ֡¡
ʬѾˣʿǿ£˸߽һ𡭡
ʱС˹Ҵӵקʣȶ̵ģû°ɣ
ûû¡
ϵͷ˲סϽү˹ȥ̵ʣүڿô죿һѾʰˣǸʦҲҡ
𼱣ɡ
үϸ۲Ŷ˵Ĵ򶷣ջһ̾˵ڵǳ˵ܰǴæСԴӳȥǺû˭֪ǲ͵͵ˡ
ᵽүֱҧ
ʱһڴſͷ˽һ˫ֽӡؿһңʱҽŵɳ˼ԶһͷԵڵء
һ£һϽִ˹ȥҪ
ȻΪԼҲǽʬ֮ԵʣһֻҪһǷ䣬ָĵط̷ãһ
ȻһȫЩּһŷһĶͷŷֱ֣˫˫ⲿһУ˫ֶ̧ˡ
ۿһͳСЩˣæǰ˹ȥ
Ҫɱ硭
һãôɱ
˵ͼһ˦һŷС㣬Сؿڵһ˲䣬С˶ʯͷһס
һֶ˫ϸֽһֿĺһơðŰ̵ȻըһĻһҽУһû˶
һˣһһתһԵү
ʦ֣ô겻˲˲١
һЦүҲǿЦһ˵˲٣Ѿ׷ˡ
˵ŻĲү־ضڲԶĽһ˵ʦܣɽʱղû뵽ʮȥˣȴѾȫ²͸Ҫʲôˡô
ү˵꣬һҲһ˿ת˲֮ҲɨһԼ˲˹һЦ˵ǼǰԼŪģȽԼΪħʬԼ˽ʬ
˵䣬ͼߴѾһųĶ
үһŭһ壬ǵˣ
ΪǵˣԼ⸱ӣһǲԸȥкͨˣʦ֣ȴƣұƵͶ·Ƶʮ߽ʬǽʦֵܵ·ƣ
㻹˼˵Щ㣬ΪʲôҪʬ
𡣡һ˵
𣿱ʲô˭𣿡
һҡҡͷû˵Ĭһ֮󣬲źȻָڵص˵֪˵ݣԲŹ⽫ɽʬΪãʦ֣¾˵Ҳ⣬ֻúÿŲҪ֣һ׵ġ
ͽܱȴҲҪ֣
ү˵꣬һʱͷһ˵ʵڲΪУʬǣԲһ·βסʦ֣տʼֻÿ¯ҡ´סɰŴ״ͯ򣬱ʱסϵħԣֻܰסһΣ֮ΣȫԼˡ
˵껰ûǣתҪߣĵ벻⡣
⽭һ嵽ʲôĿģΪʲôҪסķ
һ첻µز£һһҪߣԱ̳ϵ¯ͳ˹ȥûĺ󱳡
һʱͼһͣסٻعͷʱ׹¶
㵱ʲôط߾ߣ
׳ŵӳľͿ˵׹̵ʲôı
һֻǵҲ˵ԽԽֲҲ˿ĭʱͼһЦһЦһɨһ֮ڿڣʵҲɽʬǺǣʧͷų˶Ҫ˱֣ǿϧˣһ޷ǹ뷨ҲֻʱգҪڸҿڳѷҲ㳢ʬζ
ŽһЩõĹҲɵȴһʱ־
ɽһȴûңûԡȫŵôľխZۺҫת첽˳ڡ
ܣ
ҪҾ׷үȴһקסңҡҡͷ˵׷ǧ׷
үƴ˰ɣѵô
СӣȻȫ֮϶û취
˵Żɨڵϵİһۣ̾ҪʲôѵưΪã


115 
˵аħʬĽһ尮߾ߣȫ͸ǰҡһǸһĶ⡣
أֱһ뿪ãҲûܴǶзӦ
үô죿ΪС˺ĬĬүʵ
ȻһǶүȡҲᣬһŸ֣ȴ䵽аħǰҫȴް취ĵز˭ܲп
һүŻϽԸ˵ȱܽһ£죬ȥ׼һˮʱû취ȰҲݵø
үһڣǸϽܵԺֿԱߣȥװˮĴˮף˵ոյŵòᣬһƽխZۺҫ䴳¼еľԱҲһæµ
үҪȥ׼¯ҡ´סɰŴףԼͯ򣬾͸һ뿪ǰЩһ
һýһͯ򣬴Ҷϵĺ˹ȥ
Ϊ֮ǰŴ׷ε£Ҳ֪ԴʦȻԹҲû˵صͷϽܵһߺˮȥˡ
׼ĲʱѾˣխZۺҫųȥһȦе̯λһŴ׷ۡ
СؽԲѵݽˮ֮үʼëԵġ֭Ϊīд䣬ˮҳ´סŴ׷۽ˮ
үд˼ʮ䣬Χˮ׵ıúʱһ䣬һ˵û˷Ҳ֪⿿ܲסħԣչҪԲС
ˮûãͼɫɫȴҸϽյүǰʵүǲôݼ죬ܰѰڵʬݳ
꣬үȴ̾ϢҡҡͷĶôףһ±ʬҧˣΪʬͬʱѪԵʣɶʬһֻѪؽʬУýһҧ˰ȴҪѪһʲôǻ֪ı
ڸ㲵үۣϾԼСĺӡ
ֳĬһ£Ȼü˸ոոæµխZۺҫ˵ô£
һүᵽԼˣխZۺҫϽ˹ǹү˵ͷխZ۽ŵ˵ʦǡæġ
˵ʱխZǰİѾȫˡ
æǾ죬õϰհʲôæүԻص
үԴǲƣխZ۶ԵеΣϽǰһ߬үĸ첲˵ʦǧܼȣҴСһֱǸߣΣңҡ
˵һ룬խZ۵ˣΪεԵʾȻѾ˵ˡ
ʱҫǰЦǺǽӹ˻˵ʦնȷʵôֶ֮ǰܶԴЩײǧ⣬ʵΪ˽ʬǼġ
뵽賿ʱжʬֳڣҫѾŵЦˣ˵ʦΪǲ˵йȷʵûٸȥˣѾȫǵΧ֪ԡ
ǰæץס֣
үһ˵ҫͷ
Ǻǣذɡ
үһ˦䣬˵֮ǰǲǶˣ־ǰȫûм֮ⰸǰﲻæ
ԱţܾүĻЩԡ
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ǱүĥˣүǡָһڣխZѾŵؿʲôү˵κҪǶԴӦӵ֡Ϣ㣬ҪҩҲᾡܵĸ˼ͨ
խZۻδ˵꣬үȴ¶һĨ΢ЦȻ֮ǰĮֻ;̸ĳ룬ȻӳĹЧ
үͷһЦڰ˵ҩֶԼŰɣԸʬЩɲУֲǲУ뱣֤ܶⰸκ
ǵȻ
խZ˵ҫʹ˸ɫҫϽͳһϴݸү˵ⰸӵȫǶˣֻҪưǾԸ¼ӣǵж
ܺá
ү򿪴ȡֻһۣüͷͺȻ̧ͷֳʵʾһĸʬأ
ҲѹֵүᾪȣϾⰸֻС֪һЩʬ¸ûü͵үϸ˵ء
үһʣҫȻػ˵ϸ¼ߵļ·ûþǿҪʬᣬȻҲ֪Щʬ弫ҪֲʩѹֻܴͣӦ
ҫ˵꣬խZֲ˵ǰʵʬһֱ֣߼ӦʬʱҽԺͣʬԱ̾ʱȡɵڶͱˣҪ紦ʬɥ¡
խZ˵꣬үɫѿַ˼ҳ֮󣬳̾˿˵һҧʬԣʬѱѾ˽ʬ¿Ѱˡ
ү̫ʬѣӦòôذɣЦʣڶл𻯣û׼ûʬأѾͽ᳡һѻˡ
˵үȴҡҡͷŰϵݸҡ
һȻʬĸϢʱ䡢ʽص㣬صһֻһҾס


116 ĹѨ
ҶɫҲ̫ÿСչʣȶ̵ģôˣ
ûʲô۵ȥˡ
˵ŰϵݸС㣬Сһصһ֣Ҳɵۡ
⣬ⲻ麣Ĺ԰ʬ嶼ģ
һڣʱͺ綼˹һҲˣôĶСӲͣòӸҲйϵɣ
麣ǸĻ麣
ʱҫһ˵˵Ĺ԰²ҵ
ôѵⶼ֪
һʣҫҡҡͷ˵ǵĹ԰ķ˿ɲ麣
ңֻڸԼڻѡ
˵ǰ˵ʲô˺ϻ￪ģҿһĻݣⰸӿ϶йأ
磬Ҳô˵һɺأ
Ʋɺϡ
˵꣬խZۺȻüͷҫ˵С㻹ǲǵߵļʱʲôģ
ۣһɫıۣһ
ҫʱһͬ˵أ⼸߼ôôǮһĳ
խZ۵ͷ˵ʱרעһ£߼ǴӺģһֱſڵȣһһֱûˣֻһγ˸ͷϵ麣
ûϴҫ
ôϴأСӶ̾Ӷ˶ˣʮѹȥٹĸСʺϳ
ἰ麣Ϊ֧̾ӸӳխZۺ޵ֱҧʵҲѹ֣麣ʲôĵͷߴƦͷھֵİ׼¼ƷŲֽµġ
ʱү廰ʵ˵ʱߵļʩѹҪ󾡿Ϊᣬп麣ڱΪʲôҪôΪ˸ԼĹ԰ˡ˵麣Ĺ԰Ͳʲôǵڶ֪ܣ
˵Żأͼ洫һž죬һ׺ӰѾײײ˽ΪȾŵĹϵһ֮һͷײ衱ˮϣͣ
һ
ڻˣүһĶȥˣȥСǣôԼˣ
ûش𣬹һ֮ͨۻˣһˮˮǰһ̧ŸؾͿȡ
ˮʱͼխZһ·Сܳ˹ȥ˵۶ðˣ֮ǰһɨ⣬ֱģѽֻĳ̫ɰˣ
һԱ˸ŮգزмһۣĿⶨǰ˿ĭ˵УɣҲв
ѽ
һ⡰򡱿˵ˣխZŵһͷԵڵأٺһЦ˵ӴûأԼˣⲻǹǶҪȥϴ裿
һ䣬үȥͺݺ߬סĶ䣬۵ֱУ˸ղŵүʻϽش˵𼤶ǳȥȥˣѵػɣûʲôˣԼ޸ұұ٣ȥҾ͡Ҿﵽ麣ǸĹ԰Աˡ
˵ٺһЦүһۣҿǰԹһˣҪȥİɣ
ٺ٣ҴˣҴ˰ɣ
ЦЦȻһתһ˵мҪ˵һ麣Сй
ʲô
һڣҶסҿ麣ء
үҲȤϽ˵ͼڸﹾ๾˼ˮһ˵ҿʼʱȷʵ뿪磬ȥҸ˳һССôţҸһĹ꿪ײģȻǹײǿյġ
յģٶһ㶡
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Ҿ֮ǰĹ԰ʩٻЩ˲ҧ
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͵ͷ˵밡ûǰ۲Ĺ԰￴һѻˣЩ˶ȥĶˣѲԼŶˣ
˵ŻխZѾӻ˹ˣɫԵسüëֻЦ˵СˣҪҪһȥϴ谡
ոѹխZٶܾŮչŮ˼ϿйģһåһﵽԼϣխZһžƫ󲿵λã۵͵һٶŤˡ
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ĬʱүתߣͷҲصس˵СҽҲʱһЩʽˡ


117 žӡ
˶ʱϢ֮үԼҡ
źʹ˸ɫЩ˵ֵ֣ܣ˵ѧҪҪ
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Ҫ˵ϵ˵һӵʿûţɺô֮ǰ߻иȣ԰֣ȻҪ֣
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ģҽǽΪ˽ӡ÷Ȼʿ츳ɱС⽵ħ˲̫࣬ҪѧӡɲǼ׵¡
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Ŀᶨ⻰ɲǼٵģϾղĴ㶼ˡ
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үһʾֽһӡһЦ˵ӡ䷨䣬ΪҵžַӡеġС롯ӡΪᡮ롯ӡ֮ۡǢ֮ΪȴҪջ۳ϰֻҪѧ⡮롯ӡƤëؼʱܱ


118 ţС
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Ƚ̻ӡ֮үִ򿪵ڴǡ롱ӡĶ㲦һ֮󣬾ԼϰԼ߳ȥ
˵ʵүǶһ˴ڿ㲢ЩΣΪѧȻҲûİ취ˡ
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ĹȻǿ﷦ζҲûҪ˵һ仰ˣ֮һ磬ԷүûǣȻȻҲ˼ֱӳȥ
һֱϰ˾ŵˣүŶ룬֮ǰϵ΢΢ЦѾȻ޴棬һĿɫ
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үһУСϽվ˳ү˵Сһ㣬׾͸ѧϰַӡҲ̹һЩȿġ
ү˵˵һߣСվ̳ǰʼӡӡɺĬģӡΪָ̳ǰͭǮһָźһ𡱣ͼͭǮžડһһ£žǱеʯסһʼ𽥵ͷ
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⻰Сص˵ͷ

ͼү˵곯һָֽеԡ
ոձүеƮˣ̵˵ͷ˹ȥ


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߹ȥʱţߵүһظ˵ʦһʧģ
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ȻүһģôԼʧȥϣһᣬһνӡ䣬ָǶȴɺޱ仯ҲּԣĶ֪˼ȴû˿Ч
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Сӣ㾹Կˮ츳
үһУȻһ˵԰ͬǧڵϲˮѵ˵ˣйˮĵûбǧ굤ƣ
үһ˵ҲһˣȻӡɹ͸оԱʲôһһǼһѾָָסˮһһˮ̴˳һһڿȦšһ̳ϡ

һˣȴٶˮ֣үȴסңȰ𼱣١
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үӡʱѾնȥһ˾֣ΪЩʬץҧ˵ľԱʬһʵСȲҪǣôΨһͻƿڣ麣Ĺ԰
˵үֽгСҫ˵ȻǺ;Ѿ֣ǾһжС㡢СҫһǱ麣Ĺ԰鿴һǱߵʣЩбذ׹͵Ϯ
ү˵꣬СıƺЩģϽ߹ЦС㣬ǷȥɣǶбǻ𣿡
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120 ʬ
˵ǽ²ʣӦ͵͵ĲŶԣѾųȷϣ¿϶麣ѲϵҲûҴŲţֱӿͶĹ԰ſڡ
Ĺ԰һоϽܳסǣСһ³ŵɫˣҲѹ֣Ͼûٸ麣´򽻵ҲûٰǺҡ
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С㣡Сİ
ŵһУûС㷴ӦأֻѾһ߬ס
С˲Ҳ񣬸Ͻ˳ֳһŻֵֻֽϡ
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СûϽĹӣ麣ô
ѽҶ˵Ǳˣ
麣ҧֶţһͰʵ˵˳Ĺ԰ĹײĶǿյġ߳˽ʬʬûüء
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麣Ȼ֪ɣ
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ãǧѪʬѪ


121 ħ
С㻰һڣҸϽӵϳ£׼ѧӱǹĶһ¾ͳ̫̫ͷ˹ȥ
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һûΣգСһûϢأΧԶĹѾը׷ɵײİ̫̫ʬҲѾԽʬ֮ڿն𡭡
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һȺʬ̤˵һؿڣҵɫָϾЩ̳ǰСƺͷһαίôص񣬺ˣȺʬƽϽүʵ壬ҪҪȼͨĻɱһֲ
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ŻûܣںڻֻҪнʬ׷磬̾˹ȥæֵӦϵǾ仰Ҳ֪ôˣÿÿЩʬҪҧʱûҧͻָϽͷȥֻצӹ硣
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׼ᣬСֳľһָպһơĻֽѾһ˻ôཀྵʬƺȹѪĲ࣬һţʱȼʬͣǽʬʹ
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Щʬڵϱը˰죬òȴֱСùײĶǽϣ÷һͨ
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ǻֱȵһڤֽǮϣһȼһһסȺʬ·ּСһ֣ǽΧһյյ𡭡
ͬһʱ䣬һֺӷϴ̧һǽʬһѾûټѴ
һʱֻͨһʱһͷײװڹѪˮͰԭϵëѩѩ׵ģһѱ˺ͮͮһţ漴磬ֽžΧĽʬײһͨ
ޣȻҲµڹѪֳаȴûκЧͼһֱײʱ˳ڵϴѾմһǮÿһײΧĽʬϣҪôյýʬ۹ֽУҪôڹѪճڽʬֱǵƤ֫ող׼Ⱥʬ˲ס
׼ᣬͼһ˵ϣһ߬һֱײʱҲûţЩʬҡ


126 
ⶫ˵˾ǸСľͷӣֲֺ˵ϴܾʹãԸûô򵥣ʱүѾڸΧӿһŷ䣬úڹѪɰͿȾŽ磬˵аʬЧ
籾ԼľʲôĲ˳أүıöЦ˻ˡ
һġȻãʬϣýʬðֱɣҽʬԴϣ͸ƵҵһʬԽѵز𣬾һ֡񫣡̫ˣ
硢ԱͽֱײСү̳ǰƿȫ֣ټԱ߰æӦȻ࣬ѹסʬȺ
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һҲ֪żǷŭ͸оһĻĪؾͿʼͷ΢΢һͷһ˫ֱѾ𽥷һѪɫĹâ
ģһԼûΣգСҲʱȻǧ굤ôˣ
Ҳ˲ôˣðײãżһߣᡱһ¾ͳ嵽ЩҧĽʬǰ棬̧־һȭǰĽʬûȻعԴѾҴ÷ɳʮԶְ˽קǼֻʬһᣬһڵϵȻѪѪĿûˣɴıȻǱҧòᡭ
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һۣ۵ֱ죺ģôǶҲǧޣЩСʬʬһûɶá
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ССһ㡭
˵Żɨһۣ͵ؾ͵һ
СӣջûУڡΪλࣿ
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ʱһĶ£ȻҫխZ۵ļѭһһֻʬ׷ת
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СӲҪǲǣ
үŭѵ˦־͸һͣҸס
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үҲ밡Լӿģðײá
ޣԼҲãؽٲ
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үһͨЩԹĶһ졣
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СϽȥϵķ͹ײĶ׹̸Ҳע⵽һ㣬еһУһֻһĽʬȻͳ˹
С㣬Сİ
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׹˵ʱ۶ûüϣʱҲע⵽Ȼˮһ֮˹

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˵ŻȻ˫ˮһģĽˮİͬˮһӸ˳һأ˫̽ӡͼŵһѻֽ˼ԼͿʼɡ
ۼΧֱ۷һ׹⣬׹ɢʮŷѳΧȥֻ˹ȥĽʬӦء
ֻһɨһֻʬС㣬һ˫ۣͬһɫӰ˵Сǰֽӡǽʬͷһ㣬ʬʵʵ͵˵ϡ


127 ѳ
ף硭
СһϲȴһΣůЦһ˵СѾͷСһ㡭
ɰȻЦɣɫ쳣ѿ˵뿪ˮ֮ѾøӲҰ׷ˡ
ۿŰڵı֣ⶼȻС֮ͼתٶȳս֣Ⱥʬսһ𡭡
˵֮ǰǻסƣһս֮һŴǰȺʬһƬƳѾݶ
һƬŨ̹ˣΪĶ˵ϿЩӵֻӶһͨңһʱּ˴ҵĶ־
ȻȺʬҶİһȣСһʱԼѧַӡеġ롯ӡҿˡ
˵˫ֽӡŽָˮһһˮˮڿȦŰĽָһֻʬˮۡһڽʬϣýʬɳԶ
˫һ̳߰ͭǮһҲơֳ߽ɣǰһֻʬ̴̱߸Ѫ
ʱһֻʬѴȥת֮һڵϣ¡һͼذשѾݳһǽʬסֱ˿ʣһֻԴ¶棬ڿֻˡ
ȻʱİѾ֧ϥ򵹣ǿҡҡ׹ɫҲѾԽԷ塭
ס֣õӿʬͨ
үŵغһҲϽܹȥסͼǿһ˿΢Ц̧еĸһ㣬ͼǸĶ˶ʱһ˿ѿųɻһ޵С
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쵰
СֱۣҪǱֻʬסѾһˡ
ʱһֻСҲѾ˹ȥСּ̧ͼһŷСŵС۲ҽ㣬ҽӽˡ
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Сǣæ
ֺһֻСϽǰС̧֮ͱ̧˵ȥ
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128 ໤
ܣԶѾһ󼤵ؾȻ𳵾СѾ˵۾Ҳʪˡ
ү壬ɶקסѾȫǳȥҲǱɡ
ȻͼקֻСɢټЩҸ¶ɫ̲סҡͷ̾˿˵СķѾʧѾ
׼
үݺݵһۣѾˮ̾˿˵֪ѹҲԼ⻰ǺڵҸȻҲףٳȻʧֻֿܣһʩ߷þһ־ǡ֮Σ°ζ
죡
Ҳȥˣֵһۣ֪໰ˣҲεصͷȥ
ʱȴͻȻһϽץҼʣˣ㲻֪ͨ㲢ûпԲ̫ˣţ϶š
ңȷʵ֪Ҳϸ۲ܿߣոʱĶʱȥЩ
ﻹʲôã
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˵ǵĿ˸ϽվסĴǰӡ䣬Уӡ䡢С
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ұ
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漣ˡ
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һʱ䣬˶ϲѣǼҪ壬û̧أͼһӰѾһԼԼ˳
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һǺǣѾһˣȺʬſڲĽʱһֱڷ컨ȴʱ
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үһ˵ڵǸĶֺ֣αذװ״ԼòɵĽʬأ
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үۺҲǵӵܣȻҲʹЩ׹յˣΪʲôָħǵİڲ֧ʬΪ˼䣿
ΪҰˡ
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үûлش𣬽һЦЦ˵ûЩ׹˲ٻ£ģǷŶ٣ܿͻӱҲǴ¶һģֻͬѣ֮һֱڰУֻҲ뿴Щϣ׹֣֮ʦ֣ողǰϧðʬĵΣͦȣҲһͦ
һ廰һڣ˶ס


129 
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ҶҡҡͷۿŰȴ޼£ʱ˿ͷסʲôƵģƵ÷š
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ȷ֤֮󣬼ԱĶٶ˵ʲôæָӾȻ
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ҹ͵ҽԺȷκע£ΪǼ򵥴˿ڣ˵һսֽգҲûɥ˭Ц
ڲƲ֣˭ۿ춼ˣխZסˣվͺѵǾ𣿡
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˵Űһ죬ֺվץҪǾöõĻ˵ץһǹӶС
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խZһЦ硢綼ſڴϢ̲סһشԡ
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˵껰խZˤŶҫεظǵǸ֮ϽҲ׷˳ȥ
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үֻһûٶ˵
ʵ˵ʱ˿̴Ҳʲôڵȴ֧︮Ԯ
Ҳ⣬û︮İܸɵʲôأ
һҫָϻҽԺҰ緹
극ʱӻԼңطСֻǸʮƽ׵һЩ޼ҿɹ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҫڼúϢʹţϾյĵµģ˵ĶյòˣչҪ¶¸ƺ⡣
ڣǶۻˣүСķ˯֮⣬һ¾˯ȥˣ˵˯ȥ˵ǻȥ֮һۣ˯һ졣
һֱҫļΪʵûĵطȥˣүûϹۣȦԽԽ˫һֱſĵ绰ֺ︮ϵΣܿϧԷƺûκλӦ
խZҲڸϵŸոսɵͳһߣֻһĹѾѡ
ָһ죬Ȼżҵƽ˲٣ԷʱȥֵҫȻ˻һžһУүˣանӳˡ
һ⻰˶סխZۣ춼ûκϢ


130 ȷ׹
նӳʲô£
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ҫ˵ˣննʧˡ
ʧ٣ʲôطʧˣүʵ
ȻղŻ𼱻ǵҫȴͻȻԥһ˵ڣߵɽ
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ߵɽխZȥǶѵǡ
ûǷأҫѾ֪صͷ
ʵʵ˵˰ɣԲסλңҰǸƭˡ
ҫ⻰ʲô˼үʡ
ҫµ˵ն˵ⰸӲϽˣȫеľܶΣգЩʬٳˣͣԼжˡ
Լжʲô˼
նӸĿǰյϢϵһؾҹԴӽɽ㡭㡭
˵ʱҫˡ
үֱӰķһӣôֹЩ˶ģ
үңҲû취
ҫΪѵ˵նЩʱ·ȷʵΪȫеľ룬˵ҪǲϽЩʬһ򾡣ӣֲжŽҲȡǵסǣȻʵʩƻ˵±֪֮ᵷҡ
⻰ҲùǺһˤ˵ңǣûңԼȥˣԼ;ˣһؾһ
үûôذɡ
ҫΪѵͷ˵ǵӳնϸԷȻЩʬȷʵ𣬵ָӵĻѪ֮ķˣն˵ֶԷĲغ󲻻Ȳúþѻֻ֣ҪȰѿЩʬȴٶĽʬҲû𽥣Ȼѧǵķûɽһ԰һ򾡡
̫ˡ
үɫ԰ף̱ɳ˵ûʬǹЩʿ£̫͹׹ˣƾЩǳħҪЩʿʿʿʲôã
үõֱҫϽ˵үǡ֪ˡնѾ˽ɽһҹˣԭһֱоֵķ鱣ϵɾڽʱϵȻжϣͨѶһҽһ´Ҷˣʵû취ˣֻܸϽǰ
ǣʲô취
үһۣ˵ѹߺжһ²ẦЩˣݾߣ︮Ǳ߻ûԲߣô죿
һ⻰ҫϽץסүĸ첲үǧܼȰǣǰԼ̫ˣɴ˵ΪĶΪնǸþ죬ֻǱȱ˸Ŭѡ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣûа취
ү˫üͷȥԱһʱҲ˷ִ磬֪ôźˡ
ʱһһĹȥĬ̲֮ס˿ڣү仰ɡ
үһ£ɨһʣ仰ʲô
ǳԲ˯ã𣿡
̾˿Թʵϲ˵ѹĻͱﲻסˣ˲Ǹڸһ˼ҫʲô壿ֱӸƴ˵ˡ
֣
үңҲȺ˳һ˵ʦʵǱﲻסˣͬСĿխZȷʵǸ˴ˣɻһ룬ҵǻͦСǶģ֣Ƕ֣ûѡ񵱸ͷڹ꣬ǹȥ׹ǰ˵Ӳƴ
ҡ
ʦûң
һظԽ˵Խ㣺ﲻסˣҲѾˣ͸ʹ컰˵ɣǸ͸ȥٷ׹̣˵ɣãʦͽԵˣԼŸɱɽȥˣٷ׹̡
ԣٷǣ
绰һڣҲӦǶүƴӵСҲŵ˵ͷڴү
壬Ƕһʱ㲻һһ︮Ͳأ
СүߣȰ˵Ƕ֪׹̾Ȼǿ︮͸ȥ︮ٺôܲɵԷѱδھ͸׹ӲӲЩ˵Ӳʡ
СĻү϶ֳ˼ֶ
˵ĿⶼڴضүʱӰڷ̻ʵȻ˿ڣǵŵ¶ұùܵģϾҲ֪ǶǰŵСӸɹܣ˳𡭡ɴദôñϾҲˣһ仰ֻҪ˵ȥˣҲš
˵꣬үһ̾˵㶼Ϲ֣Ҳ֪ӦøϽȥˣʲôȣǵ˻ûȫϣ︮ҲûϢοһֵķûС
ǶްǵСҺΣ
˵ߵүǰҡͷһŤվֵ˦ӵģƺǹڸү֤ԼѾ޴ˣɴһע⵽Ҷһʱ۵ᶼˡ
ʱҲһظ˵ү¶ϣˣһȥʱֺԺĲֿһͱ𾯰ѻˣ浹ǻʣ˵ֻҪϴһҪʲôӦǹõˡ
һ̬ҶʱϲüңھͿү㲻ͷˡ
ĬһүųڵȥҲԣһǱǾǣȥΪʲô
ˣҼͬ˿ڡ
ˡո˵ʲô𣿡
Ȼүȴҡҡͷվ˵Ӧǡٷ׹̡


131 Ҵ
˵ӣҫһ˵ʱѾȫװŸ䣬һ̶˵λʣµļҵˣͷʡŵãɾûˡ
˵ЦɴҲ⻰ɲǿЦģһҹսһѴ𼸺չȫļҵЩҪҲȫ˻֮С
ҵҪĵһֱС㻳ѣҪҲյĻǿɾˡ
׼׵֮ҫŴǾ뿪ɽ
棬һƬ಻ɽ֣Ȼ֪׹̵˾ͲƬɽ֮У֮ûϸ֪ԷľλĶ
ҫ˵խZ۴ӽɽʱȷʵЯGPSԴӸܲϾϵ֮GPSûҲʧЧˡ
ɽŰСʱĹҫѳͣ·ߣŰѳ·ߵغãǸĳ˲С
Ȼｹнٶȴ죬ҪΪүˣ·һȳһյ˵ٶȡ
ǴһƬͣʱһѾǰҹʮһˣҫָмһյ˵նӵGPSܲʧʱͣλþ
һ⻰ҸϽ⾯سǿյ˹ȥ
ϢûκζţȻűϸ˵صʬӦнʬڸû
үû˵ֵͲӣʼڵϸ̽󲦿ϵһӲݣָŵĽӡ˵ǿطϵĽӡҺӣȻֹһңЩŵĽӡӡҪ˵ʱ˫ŲţŵʱȽϴ󡭡
ǽʬʵ
ү˵ͷ˵ҲµòĻնӳĶϢʱǡ׹̽ʬĹӽӡϮǵĽʬӦò࣬Ҳͼֻѡ
˼ǡֻʬͻһ֧ϸѵؾСӣҫŵ˿ĭ
үɨһۣû˵ȻΪأҲ㿴ʰʬ磬վĵʿЩܱͨȵ˵ģ
үһڣҫصͷ
ʱȻڲԶһүʯͷôĸƵģܣ
ʲôܣ
һҶΧ˹ȥͼָŽűߵһʯͷʯͷһ¶һС
ֻǱˮñȽϹ⻬Ķʯѣɽ֮Ҳûʲô˾ȵĵط
翴һȻֵһ˵ѽǸ˰
磬ǲۻˣԱʵ
ȴɫϽҡҡͷ˵ҿûۻǸ˰ǿ𣿡
үšüͷŷԸǵΧûвʲôƵҷĶ
ү˵ҸϽܵԱҷһȻ纰ʦ˵ˣʯͷѹ˺öֽǮ
绰ճڣһѰҵСҲһ溰壬Ҳкöࡣ
ѷֽҿ
ү˵꣬СϽŷ˹ݸүһүüͷ˵ɽĿʱ֣죬ЩǮٵ
һϽ硢СҵķֽǮ˵ѳ˼ͬطֽʯͷһսȫٵͼһҲ֪ǳһ˲ɢһղ緢ֵǿʯͷȻѾһͷˡ
Ҽ˶סͼ˵ӶڵΨһͷ¶棬ͷһŻֽзһ΢
Ǿӵˣ
һϳҫһүѾֽ̧˶ͷϵĻֽ˺ȥ
ֽһ˺΢΢ſ۾˼֮һϢ˵룬ʡλλɽү
⻰Ҷˣôϵõү
үȥƶɽôϵң
ңǺնִ񣬱һȺϮء
أ
үϽʣ˵ˣ˴󲿷ֱЩҧˣͣͶһȺ۵˴ˡͷͷңһųڳ
˵ʱѾ˵Ŀ϶ǽһɡ
˵ˣңҵǣǴ仰
ĬȻǵжѾڽһԤ֮ˡ
˵˵иɽɽͷϿȣ׹ʬɽկͣͲϿǹȥ˵ǲȥɡ
үһʲô˼ѵǹƣ
껰ͼүֽüͷ˼Ƭ˵Ҫʲô壬ڿҲȥˡ
ңҲˣǡǧҪȡֵǡ
˵΢΢˫ۣϢ
ϾǾӵֵܣҫһĶסϽǰװڱ۵˳ҪӣүһϽҪ
ѾˣҫѾ߬ŲͷԱ˼£ڵڳһС
ʱͼǵԴȻһһȾ͡ࡱһҫڳĿͷ²ӳϣĶ壿
һ˲䣬ҫŵòҽž͵˵ϣٿǸˣȻûӣڱлܿ΢غ
ֻҫҶס
⡭ô£
ǽһ壬ɽס˵Ļֲ꣬״̬
ү˵վ̾˿˵⽭һк̫ʲôҶĲ


132 뱣
үڵ˸ӣͽǸֵܵͷú֮󣬴Ҷû˵ŵүǰߣһ·򱱼ɽ·һƬ֮濴ǰʯ¶ڡ
һۣһʱĶᵽɤۣ˭ҲûֳŴ󲽾͸ڵү˶
̣ܶӵĹѾ˶ڣǰһһƬں֣ΧȺɽɽΧм䡣
λãƺڰɽϣʱŶڴɽ¿¹ܿмλôһľݣƺΪΧһկӣȻӦþ׹̵ʬصˡ
λһȥɾδˣ˭˲ϱˣǧҪԼ
ү˵Ҷ˵ͷû˶ҡ˿ү䣬ʣķ䶼ַ˴ңתͷ˵һж㣬Ǳ£һʲôΣգϳæҲñ׹һ򾡡
ү˵ͼһתٺЦ˵вһжȷʵ㣬Ǳ£һʲôΣգǾͱˣһҲ۱׹һ򾡣ǲ
˵綼үȴûЦһ˵˵ҲǣϾʦ׹֮£ǧҰףҪȷʵЩˡ
˼
˻˵ǶҪǵ֣ҲøĴ硭
Ǻǣˣһ˳ɽկĵϸ
û⣬ҵİɡ
˵ŻһͷԼĶͷʯͷײ֮󣬴ͷɫľë˾Ȼֻǣһ㶯ĽǶǳʵ״ֿⲻǣǸ֣м俿£
һֻͷ˱仯ֻӵӷ˼ǰצһ˵̵СצӣͷϵʯͷצһӣӵĹѾӰӶûˡ
Ա߿Ŷסԭ֪ھأһֱΪ׾ڵ٣Ķ뵽ǲ㿴Ʊ׾Ƥë棬
֮Ҳӻͳ˸ֽֽûƷֽɵģǵùΰİ֮ء
˻ֽףֳһ֣ݵλС㣬Сˡ
ٷϻţи񽻸㡣
ӵ˵޷ν˿ֻ֮Ҫ캦֮£СԸΪӴ͡
ôвУܼ򵥣Ҫ͵͵ﵽɽǸɽկȥǱҲáҲգ֮Ϊǳ
Сףӷġ
ΰ˵һҾתͷɽµ
ʱѾ˷ϢƬ֮ɽֱɽկ
ڼƻ·Ҳүүû˵ֻ˵һ仰ƾǼУٺõļƻʲôôֱŴʹ죬°ɡ
һ룬ү⻰˵Ҳԣʱˣֶ֮ˡ
ɽ֮ǰѾƬͷ֣һֱֱֱͨλõɽկ
˲ÿֲ㤣һнҴŵ˼Ƥһ
ߵϣźܶ׻Ǯڤֽÿ϶һյƣƹȻİǰǰ·
ǼӱСĵǰʱһһĽŲഫţǰʮ⣬ͼֻʬѾıشסǰ·һ˫˫Ұ۾˹һֻ
ֻʬ϶ŲҰսеŸֿϿװҫһ˲ɵۣһ˵նĶԱѵѾ
Ѿ˽ʬ
үڣ˵껰ͷɨ硢СˣʣҪôֻʬҪһϵĻǸɴҲǰˣȥҲѰ·
үû˵͸ﶼףڵȴһվħʬ
һ䣬СһҪǰߣû粽أҾְק˻סҲԸµ磬һ˳ȥ
ү԰ɡ
㣿
ҵĻү˶һزţָоЩΡ
ôˣүĽҰɡ
ǡ
үԥһ£ûٿڣҸϽЦǺ˵үͷİɣһᾡסķŭͿ־壬ǹסҡ
˵ҪǰߣСְסһ˵ȶ̵ģ㵷ʲôңûǹԼȥ
⻰ЦˣЦȴڵѪһܡ
С㣺С㣬ϲңϲ
㡭˵ʲôСһ졣
ЦһʣʵҲûʲôֻǾã֮ǰһֱǰڱ㣬أȴһֱڱң뱣һΡ
ҿǷˣҹ
Сžǰ壬ɲͱһק˻ֺݺݳһۣһȴûκεĺɫҲ˵С㣬ûȥ㣬⼸ֻʬˡ
С㷢һǵһΣԾеβŲӴҡǰߡСһſıӰʱָоˬ
һ˹ȥֻʬ̳˹ҸϽڴĹҵ˼ʮŵүдĵĻƷֽԼһذס
ذ׾ͺһԸ࣬ǳǰүϸϸڵϿģ˵ʬ޵á
ͳذףһֽųһŷֽۿֻʬ˹Ȼ򶨣Ըоˡ
ҸǣһսҾܰܣһΣҪСװһñơ


133 ֱ
Ҳ֪Ϊǿ־壬ֻʬŽӽͬʱҵԽԽţž͸о߬ŵֿʼ΢΢
ûҾѾүĺСӣ㲻У㿴ϡ
ǻҵͷһȻֻô־壬źѾ˫
ûүĻϽ˼͸оͨͨ𽥼٣Ҳôˡ
Ҳ֪ģֽҪͷԺĲС㣬ǰĻʼԺвϵ
Сڻħֻһ£һҪչ˺С㡭
ǰһ
գ۵Ĺ򣬳ǰͷĽʬѾ˵ҵǰѾӦѾֻצӷ۵糸סҵ˫磬ſѪڴչҧ
ȶ̵ġ
С㵣ĵؽ붼ûִ̧˫֮˹ȥûҧңѾȽʵʵĶͷϣǽʬһҽУŶðĻͰžҿɲߵĻᣬ׼ʱ䣬ذס͡һǶǽʬͷ֮С
˵ĵذ׻ãʬͷʱ˿˲һȳİ֫Ҳƺʧȥ˷
ۿ⼸ֻʬѾҸϽִͷаѵγذױĵ˳ҲǵŻĻֽһ뿪ͷĸ⣬붼ûб̣̽򢣬ڵϵķҲ˲ȼʬͣһĿǻȼһһ𡭡
ǽʬʱҸϽյ󵹴ܳһӽʬʬͽ涼ȼˡ
ʱֻʬѾ˵ҵǰ
˾飬ֻҲôˣۿŽʬץ߬ذ׵ֵָϽִӿ㶵Żֻֽʬע⣬ǵϡ
ʬһеˣƺЭˣ׼һһֻʬĺһһֻʬϵĻȼֻʬеʬͣû󹦷ֻʬѾţء
ںС˶ɵˣһͷ΢΢һЦװֵıƣɾһһֻʬѾǰֻʬһΧ壬ץ˹õʱһû߬ȣͱǽʬ˳ȥѸҸڴķֻֽ˫ץסһ˫צӣסҧֻʬҲѾ˹ƺҪ롭
ȶ̵ġ
С㣬֡
ƴţͿֱðǲԺдЦСԼ֣Ǿ㣿
ĵòǡ
һֱڱңȴ֪ǰҡҪңмЦﲻɵۿŵֻʬҲ˵ǰһž˽ʬĶϣʬһҲû˳һ̧ͷֻʬ˹ҸϽ˫ֽӡ
ɰڴһ١
С롯ӡơ
ơֳڣҽָǰͷһֻʬ˳ȥһ˲߾ᡱһ֮ǰɳȥذѾԼ˹ˣ
дϲۿذ׷ɵǰץ𵶾ӭҵĽʬ˹ȥڹԣǽʬֱѹ˵ϡ
Ҳҵ飬߬ŵ׼ĺɵûȰγأֻʬѾӺҧҡ
ɨȥʬɼѵǰƺ㲻ˣɾʱӱһΧķѾ˲ɽ˽ʬһ˲ȼ
ҳûһŷݺĶͷϣʬ˳ȥڵһٶˡ
ۿֻʬѾҳһһ;˫ȷȻǸոʩչַӡĺ֢
һɣذ׾˵أ˸Ҫ£С㲻֪ʱѾӺһѾסңСط˵ϡ
ȶ̵ģġ
ֻ˵һ仰ȻͿʼЦ
Ȼ˵ʵҲףոհҵǵ䣬ȻģΪһⱾµľֻʣһˡ
ʱҲ˹һĳҺٺٷЦүҲҼһ¡
Ϣһϵǻָ˲٣Ǵּǰߣ·͵͵ø첲ײһʣСаҵﵱˣҵķɡ
ҺٺɵЦͻȻ;е㲻˼ˡ
һ·ǰУʬһ谭࣬С㡢ʬүָ˹ǰߣһȽյĴľѾסҵȥ·
ľüʮɰһƳɵģ̧ͷ׶ߣϸǶһͭŻŹһЦһۣһ߽ŻϾȻߵǺٺٹЦұߵҽС
žŻϸԴһ
߶ǿͣ

һʱȺ
һ䣬ȴԼ
쿪үüͷ˵ȥǧСģȻ麣˵⽩ʬģôҲһħһħʬһ壬ټһ֧ʬһοǺÿˡ
ȴŻûȫ򿪣үҪСĽһ壬ʬħȷʵˣĵҲСʮǰʦֱɽĴλӱܣҺԼĸ֮⣬һǴ˽һ壬ʹԸǣֻǴ򶼲ô򣬾Ѿˡ
ү˵ʱȴѾȫŵ棬¶һƬɭտĿյء


134 ʬɡ
ǿյؾƽ̹Ĵٳͷüٸľ׮һ޴̳
Ǹһ߽ȥͿںĿյϲžŸľ׮ÿľ׮Ķ˶ϵһɫ˿ߣ˿ߵһֱʣŵһ֧ڿҡҡλεĿơ
ľ׮ϸһˣҰ˸еģΨмϰһŮˣһ۾ϳŮխZۣ˸˸խZ۴һҰսȻҲжĶԱ
նӣ
һϳҫһͳ˹ȥȴүסϸΧ۲һ˶ĿյΧûκ֮Ŵ˹ȥ
嵽ľ׮ǰһ廨խZۻ˯ҫϽҡ£𽥵תѹ
նӣôûбҧ
һխZˣҫϽŵؼĲխZȴҡҡͷ˵ûûУ֪ΪʲôûҧǣɳǾŸ֮⣬Ѿ˽ʬ
˵䣬խZƺ֮У俴ҫ󶼲˵صͷ
նӣ£Ҷˡ
ҫϽο˵ģү϶Щֶ֮Էүǲǡ
ҫ˵Żͷүһ£ϣˮ
үֹĬһ²ЦǺ˵ûİɣѾα׹Щһӵ
ү˵ʱڱֹ
ӣʦɶʱ׼ôһ㶼֪
죬ʦڰο̫иƨ
˵Żأ˼ͬһʱоһ£ڲտʼʱķȺᣬѱû˶ãǷȴԽԽ󡭡
˸߶Ƚ䱸֪ôʱȻһһ׻ӰѾǽűߵ˳һ
һ¶棬̾ʧغص˺öʬ塭
ճڣүϽڵ˼£һβҪ¶һƬ׻ķĩүһڱһţ˲䵹һ
ʯҷۣаħʯҵʬԭ׹̵ʬڵ¡
Ȼү˵껰촫ֻʬѾΧ˹
ž˹Цʦ֣ڷδЩˡ
ѭǰһͼյؾͷһԲľ̳棬ƳһӰͷֳһѺɫľս΢΢һһ۾ϳǲǱˣǽһ塣
ɴѾϾ˼ˣۿżֻʬ˹ҸϽʩ죬ڽʬ࣬Ⱥ֮ӦһĹͽֻʬУү̧һָ̳ϵĽһ壬ŭʦܣ㵽˶ٽʬΪȴֶ£ͲǴ𣿡
Ǵʦ֣ǴΣһ֧ʬ֣춼ң
һ˵䳭̳ϳſһѾ޴Ļ޸ɡɡһдѪɫӡĻƲ´ÿ׾ͶһͭÿֿͭżŻƷֽһССͭһֳָɡתɡˣɡתһ󶣵Ǿ͸оµĶӵǿˡ
ת˲֮䣬ͼһӰӵصһֻֻͷĽʬѾ˳ܿ;ۼ˼ʮֻΧһȦŰΧС
˵ʵһ·ɱʬѾƣˣۿһֱĳô࣬ⶼŵЩɫˣٴȥɡ
ʱͼһеɡһֻֻʬ̾Ͷˡ
үݺһָۣ̳ϵĽһʦܣ㾹ȻԻɡʬ׹̵ʲôı
ıǺǣʦ֣ɲңǡ
˵䣬һ˵һԣȻ߳һǱˣҲǵˣ
ƶŤŤģһЦʵҲ֪󣬵˵ǶڵĲࡣ
ǺǣС˧磬ּˡ
һ¶棬̳׳һۣһץһеĻ޸ɡǰһŲѾ߬ǻɡӼ׸ߵ̳ʱһҡиɡΧΧĽʬٶȱƽˡ
ϵһ˵ܽʱһţû뵽¶ˡ
󲽷ŲŤŤǰָɫүһָЦ˵˵ǸÿСŮأǸÿǲأнϵĸɽկƳɹĽʬֹϰ٣񲻾
ү۶ûĻ̧һɨ̳ϵĽһ壬Ȼʣ壬ʦܵɲ㵽ʲô
ƣǺǣϵɾʹˡ
ͷһɨһ壬Ц˵ⱦʦܿԼͶǵģԭΪһǵʿҲûʲôãǿˣû뵽ʦܾһʬ֣׹ĹΪ˰ʬϧʬ
˵ɨ˽һһ˵һ壬´½ɣ⽩ʬһ˳׶˵︮ͣ
һһ⻰ϽлҲ֣ɫȴ˿ûбֳκεļϲ
ʱͼүһ̾ҡҡͷ˵ʦܰʦܣ;̫ʦֵҲﲻˡ
˵Żүӻͳһŷֽֽֽ״ҲǻɫģǺɫġ
ʦܣ㲻ʾͱҲ壬а֣ѵҾûС㡪
ү˵佫ֽ˳Сһ˦С㵱䣬žһѪɫֽѱһס


135 ؽ
ֽһʱһ£ΪʲôС͵үϵôĬ
ѵ˵һϼһС͵͵ʲôУ
뵽иһϲѲүʲô
ϣת˲֮ˣǺɫֽ˺ܿճһŻҽڵϣȴһ糣ûκ鷢
˶ɵۣҲüͷ䱸󣬵үǴЦҲ֪ʲô
ֵһûʲôһۺϵң
ôүٺһЦ
㣡
үһȻŻ󣬵תеĻ޸ɡžΧȺʬŭһϡֳڣʮֻʬ̳Ǳ˹
˵ؿɻˣүˣԭû׼ܶһڣͷˡ
ΣͷҸϽذְ˳ӲͳһԸѱϵľקҲʼΨүСһԭ͸ѾȺʬɵһ
ԽԽΣգʬԽԽʱһɳƵͳԼĶﴫүǷ˸鰡
Ҷһ£Ϊô˭Ͻ˳ԴһȻһ̫ڵүԣ̫ϵãǰæǸ̫š
ûүأȻһֿ޹Цӿд̧ͷһɵۣͼһֻֻӯĹڿҷײֵһֵȱȫֵԴûˣһȺ޷Ͷ̥Ĺ»Ұ
ϸһЩ»Ұﻹкöʶģֻ֮ǰĵʱ棬ô
û׹ôأӿµİٹѾ׷ǼʮֻĽʬ
ʬҧЩһЩĻѣ嶼ûôҧأһֻ»Ұסʬע󣬿϶ֻ˹ȥקǽʬ˫Ȱ⵹˵ָһȺ»ҰҲûʲô̫ɱûõĹͽǼʮֻʬ׶ס
ү⡭ô°
һϽʵ
ʱͼүһЦش˵˽飬ȻҲ飬֮ǰҽĵٹɶԿô񫣬ǺȺþƸֽǮܲҵ飿ټһЩʬҧߴɿȻͶҹˡ
ү˵һָֽ˵Ļҽ˵ʦĸӣ˵Ķ֮Ψҵ󷨲Ǽ䣬ֻҪĹ»Ұҵ飬ٹ񲻾ǳˣ
˵Ϊ鼤ĹϵүԼЦѾɵۣ϶û뵽ү㷺ô㷺
ʱͼ̫Ʈүĸǰ˵үȻҴûɱϾΪôľӦĽҲøˡ
˵үЦʡ
֮ǰΪ»Ұεʱһװ俨ٳͱһɽ֣ööĽʬһ¿϶׹йء
˵ͱ죬үһۣ̲סʣȻأǼ˵
ûȻ˰
̫һʼ˵Ҿ֪ô࣬ôҪϢضдˣҲ˵ˣүҪȥˡ
˵Żڿնצؾͳ̳ϵĽһ˹ȥȻһ嶯ûȻһҽУƺײʲôϣ˲ɢҷ𡭡
ѽˣ
һʱͼүɫƺͻȻʲôԣʱŽһһ壡ɽկʲô
һһЦʦ֣ȻˣȻֱڲſ
˵ŻͼһָϽ߻˼̳棬һľһѾץһɰͶա
ɰɢ䣬һӶľֿЦɳһ¯аűաſɳɣ޹⶯ɱ
һ䣬һһŽŻֽƯڿеľ֧ơ
һʱͼԭպܿ;ۼһѹѹƣٿľ׮ϵխZ۵ȾˣȻʼ쳤ХЦʹ죬ŵôҶס
ˣؽǡ
үһʱһʱͼҫѾŵܹȥҪΪխZ۽⿪ϵӣɸһխZ̷һˣҪҿԼʱںһѣխZѾҧҫϵһ⡭
ү⣬ô°
ʦ״ֻ֪֣Էȴȫ֪ȻǽһѾɽկﲼ˾ؽǴ󣬲ˡؿɲˡ
˵ʱүһδ˽ſ־
ʱһ̳ϴʦ֣ʶ֪࣬ʦ״ҵľؽǣϧ̫ˣ߾ǾϵǾҲڽӣ˵ؽǡ
ʦܣѵҪΪŰ𣿡
ΪŰΣֻҪﵽĿģһжҶν
ʦֵ˶ԻʱͼкȻһף׿ϴҶ׽ʱ׵Ҫö࣬һҲСÿһڵϣͼΧʮڲǽʬǹ»Ұ˲䶼õɳȥ»Ұ˲ɢʬȼһ򣬿ɼ֮󡭡
ϵ󷨹Ȼûп㣡
ڷҵʬȺһЦ˵Żżһڣ̳ûȷɵ̳Ͼͷ·ײʲôһֵ
һϽŽһʩһҲ֣ɱҡ
Ķ֪ͼһһЦ
ħҲҪ˵ľ㣡


136 踺
һ廰ųڣѾסΪħϳ־ȵı飬ǻͷһμ
һ壬ʲô˼
ԾأѾû˲ĵȻ˸һתѾԼ
ѵҪ׹̣
ʱһֻЦԶԣûлشõۣĻ޸ɡַת
һ壬ǲнʬ֣ͲƲһССľؽ󣡡
һڣɡ֮ͼӵصֽһֻֻʬһǵĿѾˣǸ߸̳ϵĽһ塣
ָ£ʮֻʬצس̳ȥܿͱһȫε˻͵ֱӾײûһŻ£һεǽڣϢؽǺͽһڵָ̳˿
һҲ˵̳ٶӡ̳Ȼľɾŷ䣬ǾյʱƻȻѪѪģյյɭֲ
⼸Ϊ˲ȡǵΣϧԼ⸱ӣһ죬ڵȵˡ
˵껰һһ䣬յƺȻ볯˹ȥβľ׮ĺҲϣ·Ǿֻźɫβ͵Ѫɫ𣬺ܿͿʼΧת
ʧɫϽҡĻ޸ɡƺҪټʬΪԼȼݡֻһ̳һЦûõģΪͽƽʬĻ޸ɡ˳ȥʵɡֽţɡΨá
Ȼ˼ɡΧĽʬȻǸ˸ģʼɱȫͲĲȻͼһֽһӡ꣬յΧתĿѾñŵĺ߽סһûľһŷɳһ磬ȣͨһ»ɡعڵأȻʹˡ
үԱ߿Ŷס˵һ⵽ô£ʱѱ䣿˵Ϊ˶Ȩ׹ڲìܣ
ûȷʣͼ̳ϵĽһ˼еľը׵ʱֹסƾɢٹæǺɢӡ
һһץڵϵĻ޸ɡȻԼͷ̳˽һ
Žһһҡ֣ΧһȺʬѶ˹ǸӦͱȺʬýӲסֽţˡ
ȻһƺȴûҪֱɱǵ˼ֻȺʬס֮ĿѾ󡭡
壬ٲʱ
һ˵ʱһĿ֮ʱһŮ˵Ĳҽдﴫ󱳺ӰһΣѾǷõ˳ڰգŭɶصŽһ忴
һ壬׹̶ٰΣΪʲôҪǣ
ΣǺǣǰΪ˲ȡǵҼʧȥһУ̫ˡ
һһЦЦǿޣźйԼеķŭ
һֱţɽӣЩħаΪ飡
˵Żͼһֳľϥ򵹣һХʦλ׹ħͷǺʦֵܣ½ɣһϾΪұ
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ʦܣΪҵšܿˡ
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壬ħѾס㱻ڲǸ»ҰѣҲҸԣ
һ壬㣬㵽Ҫô
ǺǣҲôֻЩ׹̵ħͷҲһ˱ѣһζ
һһЦ˵壬֧ʬΪãҲɱ㣬ڿ뿪
⻰˵경һүҲԱ߾ʦܣΪħ֮꣬߱ض
ʦ֣㲻Ҫ֡
һ˵ֳŲЦ壬߲ߣٲߣҿɾͶˡ
Ķ֪ſڵϵĲֻһЦҡҡͷЦ˵һ壬ȷʵ͹ˡǺǣߣ֪Ϊħе֮һգػҷ𡭡ٸӣ˵㵽ô
⻰ͼһֳһ˿Цżһھʹ̳ڲǰЦ˵Ȼѿ͸Ҳˣû֪޷뿪ħղȥɡԣס
ף
ûס
һЦ˵뿪ʱɻ֮ڣҪ㽫ȴңðȣǵħĻҽݻħ»Ұܳ
㡭һСѵֻΪ˰ȡ
ĻһٶЦЦѲĮҲǱˡ
Σǰҵ֪ȱ׹££ϧֻΪ˽ӿຣû뵽Ϊ˿Ȼħ
˵ʱһɫԽԽѿҧأһ
Ҳ̼ʹ࣬Ϊ˾ҲϧԷԼҲħֻоһܽħķԶʬħʬģǺǣǼܣ첻ˣǾȻҿоʬʬ֮һ֧ʬԿ︮һǱĻᣬ᲻ץס
˵䣬һһָŸסħٶЦ֪ħΪ׹̵ҪɹƳͿɲף죬ֻʱ䣬Ҽȣħҷ𡭡


137 
ҴӦ㣡
ȻѾû˱İ취޵ҧгݵ˵һ壬һҼסŹġ
ҶѾ⸱ģˣʲô
һЦЦȻȻֹ
ҪֻǰȣҪԽʱˡʬѾͣҺ׹̵ĳ𣬷ɽ׹̵ĺޣҲʱúһˡ
ҵš
׳һ仰󣬲һξͷկţʧããĺڰ֮С
һʧһϽűֻʬסү˹ȥֻּʬɿ˵ү
һϽϥݵͷʦ֣ίˣ
һ塭
үϱϲӣҪȥѽһȴסȥ̾˿˵һ壬ЩףΪֲɱ˶޹ɽʦˣ㣬ôô
ʦ֣Ҹô
һ̧ͷһĮ
꣬ɽͻȻϮʦֵǴѳЩʦֵУ߳ǱԼеͽɱʦ֣ʦŵ꿪ʦɽǧ꣬Ϊʲô˲Ұܣֻ̫ĴҲ̫
˵
ʦ֣һ㶼ûк˵
һ۴ǵĴΪβ׹̽ͽϽɱ֣ͬҪлǣڿɺãЩûлڰǶٵŵӶħ˶ʮǰǳҵɽ֮սһս֮׹̱ԽԽ񣬸ٹ߽⣬أɽ֧飬˷ʣ޼ټĴȥһ죬׹̻ʦһѪϴŽһ򾡣һ룬ʱ׹̻᲻Ĵһ棿
㡭
үôӵۣȴԶԡ
ȻһһЦ˵ʦ֣˼ԼʦĽ̻ҵȻףǵаħմٲɵҽһ塭Ըһ֮ŵѪֻҪܳħסţϧ
㣬ǺͿνĽʬѵܽ׹̳һ򾡣
ܡ
һն˵Ҹո˵׹̸ٹѾѲЩҲ׹Ҳռ˲鱨Ȼ︮һĵضܼɢأӵƽȨ޵ֻˣʮεĽԼ׹̽ħ
һ˵ųסһָЦ˵ħδͣħҲѱץ׹˵弫ȻӲܣ֮һʱԾؽǴϽʬΧǾˣҲһ
ҪħԷүʡ
һȴҡҡͷ
ȻᣬΪ֣Ѿ˵šˣںʲôԳţ⼸Ҳоʬ֮Ѿ׹ڲҵ˻ħķȾȻذȣҾͻٵħɱʱ׹Ⱥף︮͵е֮ʱ
˵һٶȿЦ
һվһЦү
ʦˣķˡˣأ
һүἰһֹͣ˿ЦĬһ֮󣬺ȻһĻ޸ɡǵĽʬ̶ɿַſǡ
һתߣͷҲص˵ȻҪǸ
ֱڣҶѾ⽭һԼˣǵˣҲûʲôǵˣϽյأ߽ɽկһѨ
ʱ͵͵ͷһɽկȴѾԼرϣӵصЩʬʼұſʼѲߣȻ˲֪Ķ˳̧ץסߡ
Ϊ׹͵ϮҪ·ĽһѾͷҲص˵£ɽկʮ׹ˣѾ׹סȫҵİš
ôһ˵ҲŷģǰǰߣĶһ֮󣬾ͼһͣһ֮ǰǰֱֻʬһ˵һ䡰ÿֻʬϽõߡ
󣬽һ˽ȥǶһֻһ̺ġ룬ͷϻһֽ
ҽ֮Ҳȫע⵽յ˫ǣڳöļ
үһͽϽ˹ȥŵ˵һ壬԰ʲô
ʦַģںܺá
һ壬ɽʦ̳ˣ죬
ԥһ֮󣬽һϵҡҡͷ˵ʦ֣Ҳܡ
ܣΪʲôܣ
ҶסʱһΪһҪɽʦˣǰһˣҶħӵаħʬ֮ħ֮ʬ֮ǿʤʬټϰһһ壬ҪԾһǶ֣ԣҪҡ
ΪҪҲɽʬүŭ˵ʱΪ
һȴֻĬĬףĬһ²ŴûΪȻʦˣ͸ΪʦЩʬԻ˵Ǳܣøǿʱ֣Ҫɱ¡
ʣһҪɱأ㲻װԼҲꡭ
˵ʱɨһС㣬һἰﵱȻܣһֱүûһ
ɱ͵ΪžˣҪԸ׹̣ûбİ취ֻܷһ
һһ˵һߣûȻ¾ءһžȻԼպϡ
Ҷ񣬾үһһ壬ʲô


138 ࣨ1
ʦ֣ҼǵСʱɽѧʱ޻̸վʮȥˣҲףЩ£˽⡭
֮⣬һһ̾
֪ҵĿʲôʦ㶼ңֻܽʱȳл
˵껰һתߣɵүſôУͷһ¡
ү¿ô찡
һʣүҲֻҡҡͷ̾Ϣʲô취һѾħ̫ȴˣɱ캦׹ʲô𣿡
үģӡܲܳȥ
˵ҸϽС綼˹䣬ָţǺܿϧŬ˼֮Ż˿
үһ̾˿˵Ǳ˷ʱˣȻǽһģΪ˷ֹõߡ
һϽֳǽϢ㲻ܶݵ𣿿죬ǳȥ
Ƕ꣬Լȡáˡ
ͷһָ˵ϸ涼ʲô
˵һûע⵽˵صһѽʱͶŵõһ
ͼصĻҳ֮УԼ¶һԶ۾Ƥϸѱ֣ȴһֱҹţÿ˿ͣ
ֻһηĵϣһ˫˫۾мٶԣһ˲Žڵ£ֻ̧ͷ¶۾棬ʱҾ͸оЩ͹ƽ͸綯ԡĵƵģһСһҲˣȻЩ˹еıӡ
裬ѽⶼʲô
һʱ䣬ҶձһϽԱ߶㣬һ˫˫۾ηǣܶ㵽ŵ¶ȵǾôµӻһҫĶʱ͵һ˹ȥ
ʱ˵ȻƬ֮£صĶǽһƵĽʬԼûɵʬҸյʱѾȷһ£ǿյشĵص£˵ҲһǧǸ˵麣ܴΧŪôʬ壬е㱾¡
һأǳ·ˡ
û취ֻܶĬһֱ˫һİС̲ס˿ڣʵү˵壬û°ɣ
û£ҸոѾˣһϲЩģԼϷĺŷΪסħԡ
үȻһҲðôͱɽʬܳȥɱ޹ʱסԸʱռ
ү˵ʱͺȱ۵Ĵյ˰ǰתȦѳİϸϸһ飬Ȼ°һָͷϵķ䣬ʵʦɰڵˣʬأҪǰͷϵķȡô
ּ˵껹Ͱѷ˺Ķֽ֪һ䣬ͼȻſ˫ۣǱ͸ҪɱƵģֱĵĵطʼðһİӾǱЩ붤סƵģκǶá
⿴ѾǶŻˣүһ䣬Ͻץָ˻ȥָֻ֮ǰĻ״̬
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үָסõģẦҵġ
ңҾԶѡ
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˵˽ʬҲҪүһ䣬ϵıٶû
ⶾֻнһĶܽ⣬ʦܵʲôʱܻڹ
һʱ䣬үҲ˲ϵһ˫˫﷢۾ˣԱ߶˲˹İȻˡ
죬һͲԼ֮ͻᵽܰȻ᲻ᱻ᲻֮󣬽һؽ׹̡һȻ󲨡
ôĽʬʧȥƣӵӿСӿֵһʲôĳ棬һʲôĺһҺܱͬؼ700˿ڵĳУòһʱ䣬ܾͻһǡ
Ӧ˵ǽʬ֮ǡ
뵽ЩѾ̲ס
Ǳⱻʯ˫۾ķＸСʱ󣬴ҵ𽥶ƽҲѾӦ˿ܺܿͻᵽδֻ֪š
ҲȥүС㡢£ӡϢ
ҫһֱڽȻˣʵ˵ҲףڵխZۡ
Ϊһ塰ؽǡľŸ֧֮һʼǳս֮ǰԱһֱϣү˵мһŸ˵һѾΪ˾ؽǴԴ
ճճĬүɨһ˵ҫҪҪҲһ
үһڣ̴ҫĳ˼һ£̾ŵ˹ŵ˵үڽ𣿡
ү΢Цף˵ǸкǿˣһλնӳȻʿ˫ܶ죬ʿ
ңĿ𣿡ҫվֱԼĶ䡣
ү΢Цŵ˵ͷҫϽܹͨһ͹˵ϣʦϣͽһݣ
үһϽҫЦ˵ȲæŽʦѧҵȻԸָһܲѧɣɾͿԼˡ
˸˵ȴѾ˯һȻԱ߶˵αضһأ⺢࣬¡


139 ࣨ2
˵ʲô
һ仰Ҷסһ⻰Ƣ˵ҷһ˵ǸģҲô˵ң⻹Ǻö˶˵Ĵ
һһڣͼƳһ£˵㲻˵һûע⣬С࡭ˡ
û뵽СȴЦЦ߹ȥԱ˸ͷ˵˵ʲôģǲϵ࣬㶼ܿó
ǵǣ뿴ĲŻῴ뿴ģ㿴Ҳ˵
˵̧ƤɨСһֻۣһۣȴȻӲס
Сƺı仯Цʣôˣж
ûûС
ҡͷϽְͷȥ˵ˡ
СʣʵҺ֪һִֻǧܶޣʲôĸо̣ȴܻôãһڰɡ
СһʣֻǿЦЦûش
СһҲЩΣվߣվѾį
˵ʲô
įΪþþһˣһΪݶϲҲһþãöࡢĶһֺ£į˭ܳܵġ
˵һֿ̾һЦ˵Ҳ㲻ţһϹŮЩŮȫ࡭
㣬㰮Ů
Сһ£ͻȻ˿ˮһ¾ͽǸס
ֽ˵ûܿЦɣҲǸþõңȴŮⲢҪģֺγһֻƯĸ쳾ұڹأôЦԷл㣬Ƕϱ飬أһȴ¹µĸʲô֪ҺޣҺеĳ˫֮ΪޣҲſǶԳ±ңǽԩ𡭡
˵һ̾ǧǰƺĿ
ɺһŮˣѾǶ֮ǰˣֻǵʱûʲôʦǵʦүŵ껹ûŮǵʱ;պĳħ֣һͲ꣬䣬ÿұƽ·ҶܻΪġʱҿʼ뷨˽Ǿÿ͵͵һһ
ϲҲһ仰ƻգôҷ׷׵һۡ
Ʋ죬˵֮֮͵͵ʮ꣬ոı䣬ȴɶһƬֱһ죬Ͽ࣬ȥֻܰӹһ٣ϧԸΥ׽ʱһֻǹצ֮£Ϊ𣬵㿴˵ʵܴù˭ҷ˱뷨ѰңֻֻǰԵ
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ҵˣ⾰һֱ飬ûӹһۣҲûһ棬Ϊ
̧Сǰ˻Ρ
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֮أѵǧ⾰֮Уֻֻ
ȻᣬֻزϧֻҪǲܻ׹֮УۿȥʱҡɱϵĻǡ
ĻҵһСԼʶȴδЩүס
ȴЦˣЦ롣
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м죬ЦǺʣСӣǧǰ̸ʲô㵨ӿ治С
ȴûĻ˵ԻطйҸһһûģˮǺںģŵ۴ޣСʱȻ̫ǵˣԼԼǵãСʱߵﶼ˴򣬱ʯͷҡ
ԽԽ˵Ȼͷмɨүһֿۣ˵ŵöҼˣ֪˶ãʦ˼ҰҴɽҳҲţҲһҡ
޵үϽ˹ȥĺ˵ӣ˵ˡڲʦأҲû۸ˡ
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һʱ䣬˸еϢȻȾˣ͵͵Ĩ˰˵ãȻҶ飬Ҳ˵˵ҵͯɡ
ʮȽʱ̲סԱ߽Ҷ˵磬ĹʷͱóˣСʱסһ֪Сʱ͵Ѹϴ裬̳ġ


140 
һ仰Ҷ鲻ԽЦҲãϲҲգչôҶʱĿ־塣
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̳֮ڽһָֻʬƽƽȽȷ̳֮ϣΧȥһͼɫ촽ϣ֮ǰǼʱϵѾɢøˡ
һϽ˹ȥһѾ߬ס˰ȵֶ֣
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˵佭һҡĻ޸ɡΧΧŵһֻֻʬֱ̳ƽ˹ȥ
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үҲ˵ʩӡļڤϣǸɵǹ롢ˮ֡
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142 
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⼸ʮеļеֳľԾͽֵġʹġʹӡģȻǱ׹ĸŸɵĸ֣ǸҲѪ֮ԺԵĽʬ˭ܲ
ûһĹѾʮ׹̽ڵײҧ˺ֱӱֻʬҧķѣʬڵϱȥ
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׹ֻ̻һһִĽʬһʤ뿴ģΪʣµһֻΪ˼䡭
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˵һ¶үֱţЦԭˣоˣоˣ
ү⻰ҸϽ˭үò˵֮ǰ˵︮ʮΪףʮǰɽһսɸԮҲʱʮ𣬵أһʮֻʣ˴һʮУ︮ѡ˾˺󲹣˶С΢ɡߡɡӡɡǧѩ˶ĿǰħеĶְ
үһ˵ҲˣᵽϵǰҶɡ΢ʵϺȹùڵɲ࣬ڷ·ֵķ֧ϵõĵӡͷɽĵӲ࣬ɿɾ͸˲ˡ
ֽǸɷǵİ׷ϵɨһۣѴϵİקһˣӦķ
˵ү˵ɵʿ͸Ǹһóʹ÷ΪǸڵǰһΪصĹϵ


143 ͨ
үǰʱǽɽǴӶɷֻġ
˵ѾǺܾúܾǰˣԭͽΪħѪͳĳ֣յڲѣ֮ĸڣΪһȷɽϵϵһֱ͵ʷĺǰУ˵жֱۣɳһλħĸ֣ٶ
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︮㣬ϧһؽǴ֮оͱʬ׹̵Χһ𣬸ֿλһȣмȷʵЩ´࣬ǶˣѹѹƲһ׵˸֪ʲôʱͻ
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ʮˣӵĹ˶һ룬ʣµĸҲԵЩ޴м˵ĸүĻ˵Ǿĸ֣ܾĶȥүʧȥǰҲǾĸ֣پܾùܵħ𣿲ܡ
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һү֮ǰǸİҲһߴһ˵˵үԣø첲ײ˵үһ£ٺЦ˵ϵôˣǰ㽵׽ʱֻڷ䣬ôڸľˣ
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ǸǧѩɸҲʬȺüңûûʲôսиûù֣˫ϸ۰׵ĴʱʱʹӰಡһ̧𣬱һеĽʬزҽŵڵȼһһ
ϸһϴһ˫ɫĸ߸Ьһ̧Ѿ壬ЬҲͬķ䣬ķˡ
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ʱȻʩչӡһ׷֣Ȼаͷһ˲ͼҲȻ䡱һ׷ըͬʱѾűը˳ȥ

үͽˣŵһиϽǷ壬ɱһȺʬԼ׹˵סĶô׾ܴùȥ
ʱֻѾ첽Ű˹ȥҲǣûκεɱǣģ

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ү˵ʱѾڳĶſһֻۣһ︮ŭغѪԯǲǣͽҳȫ㡭
ǻڣһѾӭүͷȥһ˲䣬Ѫ㽦˲
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һŭ𣬺Ȼ͸оͷһΣ֮ǰѾֹεҪŷŭҵͷ壬ûǹɷŭҵĺ󱳺Ȼʼһʹˡ
Ҷʱһû뵽︮ĸô治ΪʦŵȻǧ굤ӡס
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ھĶһ·ײײǰһƬڸʲôҲ֪˶ãǰڶȻ˻һǰˮˮͲˡ
һڣʵΪʲôڵĶͨˮ
ϻΪǣΪһֱǵæ׹̶ҵжˣ
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ԡòһֱˮɣ
˵Ƕбѣꡣ
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˵ƴǰڣʵԼȥĻⶴǲڵģҪֻǸֵ̫ģѶڴһ㣬Ϳסˡ
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154 
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ҸϽסӣǾһ͸ϽסˣȻԽԵƨԽࡣ
ӦĻǰ˴ʮӵĹ򣬾ͼǰ潥ЩˣƺǻƵĵƹ⣬ͼһ˾ʹխĶ˳ȥ硢磬Ӷȥһüһˮˮ࣬ɳӻ䣬Ͽյһյƣǽ϶һſŶӣϹһȦȦϷĵߡ
Ķˮֱһҡ
ǶɵۣٺЦ˵øλЦˣЩڶȥ͵ģҲ㣬ˮǸСҾ߳ҵ綼Ǵӳ͵ģԱ߻иСУⲻǽ˳͵˸̽ŶܰԼȥǶҲܴˡ
˵ɳԵĲ輸ϵһˮֺ˵˭󣬸Ͻæɳˡ
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ôͲܿǶ1950ˣǿģαġ
ǵɣмһˣһ˵ǼҾ߳ģǰ͵Ҿʱ˳͵˹
˵Żˮ治ԶһҾ߳С·ǰʮӣһƬСͣһƽ𱭡
һ˦ͷͰѳԿӸ磬ֺ˵զǶ͵ĳɣ
Ķֻ֪ƲƲ˵Ҿ߳ϰͿƳͲ͵õôţ
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һĹѾܳԶδⱻ︮׷ϣһ·϶ûͣȴӽ⻷ִ⻷ᴩʱδⱻ٣СﶵһȦɱ˹·ûѣųֱݷ򡭡
ҵС㣬ȻС㣬ѾȫΨһԸ
һ·ֻµΪϲ٣˼һǮûУ͵һͼ֮⣬һǮû͵Ϊãⳤ͵ǮҲȥ
Ǹһֱߴ·δ︮ǵȥÿһι·ͻӲ·ƵСһӣһнٶȣɷʱһҹ·Ǹո뿪һɱǣûȴһ֪εصĻҰС·пƨɺܴۡƨ죬ų˼£ͣһ£˶ɵˣȻڹؼʱûˡ
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һ߳һ߲ͣسۣ̾Ա߼װûʵ̲סˣƢڱ
͵͵Ͳ͵Ͱ۶Ƶطˣզ죿
ɶ취ǼҾ߳Աûмվ
ͷһ˵˵ˣƾʲôңǳǸǶð͵ģҶжǾôң
˵ϻøð취
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⻰ſˣһʱʼûģ壬˰졣
ʼʱֻǶû뵽ͷϵȻһ׼ġĸ׸ˣûĸף⻰ȻҲˣһͷͶĶϣһһ޽žһš
ûأͼڵץҹˣޣһ͹·ԵһҲǼۣץһԴҡ
Ϳ㲻˳ˣǵʯͷ㡭
绰һ̧־Ҫңɳܵȴס
ΪŵĸͲʯͷһ滹ճѪͷ


155 Ұʬ
ǳȥȰܣɿһΣȫסԼҲӳ˹̧һɨֻͷϻճһѪ͸ձʲô˸ɸɾһ
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һ棬Ǹȫסɸ˳ԾǣȻϵ඼Ѿˣ󡢽µֽ֫ȷʵȫġ
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ŵϵߺǣѾȫû⣬ϽŰ˹ȥ
ϸֻͷİȴҡҡͷ˵㱨ʲôãǿЩǣȻǱҰ޳ԵģȻĻҲֻͷ⣬ȴ֫á
˵ŻԱߣʱȽȽ΢ϸ꣬Ĭһ֮˵ǿӹжϣӦһŮһСӦһһŮһӡ
һڣ
ҲѿڶһڣѾ˳˼
󣬾ֳ˵µĲûпܣһҺܺ棬ǰŴŵĻɽҰΪʲôһڵʬ壿
˵ֿ˿ԼƣոùͷֻѾѪȾ죬ڱţüͷ˵Ѫʵģ˵ʱٲ賿ѵ˵طʲôɾĶ֣
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뿪ô뿪ûˡ籧Թ
ǰҲûˣΧƺҲûдׯ˼ңһʱҶΪ
ǳüչʱѾϸϸߺǴһҲû˵ʲôֻǰֽ˹ȥǰæߺǸһԲػص˳ϡ
ǲħ
ҸϽ׷ȥʵҪۻǸϽ߰ɣطܾеа
Ķ֪ȴ˵ǲˣ賿ʱҶ۵ðͺúϢһ£˾Ҳ١

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ʱ䣬Ҽ֣ʬǼûʬôֲĺȴǵһμ߱ҧøɸɾճѪĺһ󵨺
ȴûж˵ֻ˶л˳ϣغó˵ˣ㳵͵Ļ·Ҳױ֣︮ɽҰụ̂ǲúϢһ죬취뿪Ҳ١
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˵˳ڳһ֮硢Ѿ½ص˳ϣʷͷжʲôջûУõͬһ𰸣ʲôû֣ΧֻһƬ̵ĻҰػûӺҰҰ֮⣬ҲûҵʲôԳԵĶ
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ҳ˸ǷӲؿʼԺ
˯˯ǰԺʱ򣬺ȻͼһӰӳ潥ģģľͼƺһСų̽ӡ
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156 
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Сʱүү˵⸽ǰһƬڣɾ˵סֻӾȥһϾֶ㵨Ӵ󣬾Ҫţô죿ô죿ҿĺӰÿడְֿɰˡ
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֣ͷˣǰһм仰˵
ĸĨһᣬĬƬ֮Ȼ˵һףҪûҪǮûǮϱ治֪ʲôȻϹۼ޸㡭
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䣬Ȼ£͸һʼһ񱼣һܣһ߻£ڴʲôһүأҵⰡҵƤҲ㡭
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Ӹ״ʱĸ׸ϽѺӴԼĻ˳ȥҲŻˣϽȾܡ
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ܣ
һֵг˳ʱѾŵͷˡ
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һ⻰ҸѾȫ˵ˡ
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157 Ѫʬ
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ҸһʣԱ߳˵Ϊ̫ˣͬÿ˵Ժеģ˯ԽãܿľԽ࣬Ҳ㣬ΣֶܼһǿҲҪΪģȺΪǳ
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һĵǣƺ϶˴Ҷµıԡ
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˵һָѪ˵Ѫʬĵطض;дѪѪʬԽѪԽǼ˶˱ᣬϧͨϲֵطԽǼѪԽǻչһڣҿˡ
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Ƕ̫һ֮󣬸Ͻ棬ĳֵͲΧһգǶܳǰ߶ںûоͷ
ߵԱߣڶһĨʪĶĨһƬѪü˵ֻѪʬӦþͲڶ
˵꣬ԱֹûɲѪʬô򵥡
һĻҶʱʵ⻰ʲô˼
̧ǰһָ˵ܸоǱߵأѪʬϷĲͬұѪʬأܸоӦǸ

һ⻰ĸסƲֹңͺӦҲ̾ͻ˵ү龰
һʱ䣬նĬڿ־壬ڳ˼ڻ䡣
ȻĬһ֮󣬰Ѿָ̧Ŷǰ˵ΪŵҸܲȥ
˵ҲӦŵͷϾ¶ˣܾܲôȥɣ
ǿ첽ߣͼסǣ˼ǶΪҲʲô˵ˣںغãȥɣȥɣҲʬģ
ҶûĻֵͲ£Ŷ첽ǰߣԽǰľԽ³ҲԽԽˡ
ƽʱٰ绹ܿңڴҶ︮סˣСƵѪʬҪײŵĻ³˺֮ͯ⣬κηķûС
Щƺңǰʱɫ԰ףţȻսսʵǻ᲻̫çײˣһҪǸѪʬĻ
ֲںӣƽʱʲô¶Ǵֵĺη壬Ӳ˵ЩȻԼҲ֪˳ʻʱͼԼɫҲѾΪζ
ɰȴû⣬ֻǻͷЦһ£ʵҲΪЩѪʬġ
ʲô
һڴҶסû׹ؾЦ˵ûߵԹǵȷʵһ̽ܵĻ;ɱ˵ħɺһ仰ΪǾ仰ҪԸʲôҶһ̽
˵ʱɫԽԽ棬̲סʵﵽʲô
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ǶŮ˵үү˵⸽ǰһƬڣסһֻӾ
ôһѣȻ侪ѣ԰ҵȷʵҲֹһ仰ɵʱҵעȫѪɫϣûϸעڰһѣҺȻһ
С㡭
СöýģһѾ֤ˣΪʲô˵סһֻӾֻǴŻƭСĹ£
˼ʱǰİȻ˵мûע⵽𣿰Ļ˵ܶ˶ΪѪʬĵطйĹأǹĹʬʬΪѪʬĹĹðѪ϶һ£ôڲű˷أһھȻеӹڱԼҵĵأֻ˵һ⣬֮ǰûðѪ˵ûҲ˵ЩѪʬ϶ǳ⸽ĶǱʲôĶġ


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˵ǲģҾö˶Ӧڿɶ︮ͨ༸ӦܱҵжҪõö̯࣬ǶҵùͰһΰɡ
˵ŻѾߵ˴ԣɨ˰һ˵ող²òûеѪʬⶫǰǴ֪һЩһ˵ںɳաںɳڷɳߣʬ䣬һʬʬ屻ڹײǳģٱ°֮ãȡԹŻữʬͨʬ־ëѪʳ嶾¶ˮվͻõƤΪѪʬ
˵ʵҲ˵һֻѪʬҪİܳγˣ
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һ˵ʵҲѾ˵
ȷʵһĹѪʬǳԹĹĻѪʬ֮ǰҪİʱ䣬㹻زˡ
澹ȻũǾ˵ˣ˸Ǿ˵ܻûֹѪʬɱ˵Ĵţɸķ˵ǰֹӾ¶ȷʵеˡ
ŮҲ˵ˣӾĴžȻүүһʱĴţɷû˵ҲͿԿӾ²٣ٶǷ޳֮ǰ顭
ȷһҲ˵˵ǸѪʬᵽʱıҲ֪Ƕ϶ǲб쳣ôбĶһֱ⸽Ļвɱ˲ĵ
뵽ЩҲʼɣѪʬȻӦò⸽Ķпʱŵġ
ôһ룬һڵҲܹͨˡ
գۿž͵ճɵʱˣũԼҵ鿴ճҲǳ£׼ʱѪ̰ŸϽû˷֣һ˹Ҫƣǰһ˵ͽȥˡ
뵽ֳŰʵѵյ˼ǣѪʬǳӾģ
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ûٶ˵˵ּǰߣҲϽȥ
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Ȼ򣬸Ͻȡڰָ£ӵһͷŵĵƿ˩һ𣬿ʼţԹ۲Ρ
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˵ŰӵһͷûӦأѾһ˳ȥ
ֱ֣Ķɿɿˣɾˤȥˡ
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˵ͷҲ˳ȥȥңΪɵģȰקӣȥʱһקҲһ㡭
Ƕ֮죬붼ûͳŶءһ˵أˤֱС
ۿڵϴǶסˣһ۵С۵ضֱڿһȵʣʲôѽⶴ̫ҲʮףȻǵˤ㲻ɡ
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°˵ⲻǵļƻ˳ȻϾëȽԼײ
˵ҶŰ˹ȥҲɵˣ˿ĭ˵ڶڸˡ
һ㶣ӵһǰһߺ˵Ÿ߰
ЩΣҲû˵ʲôպӣһ˼ǰ
һȻͼǰֳһˮأƵĹâȥˮ΢ϸһˮﻹƯһӰһǶʶ
ѵǿ
Ҿһ˻شѾߵˮߣȻֻˮһֻֻɫ԰סѾˮ˵Ŀȥ
ȷʵǸдˣ˼صĵطѵ˵Ѫʬ˹
ʱȻ綢ǰˮϽʦ쿴ˮô˻𣿡
Ͻѭָķ˹ȥȻͼǰԶˮϣ˸һŻ⣬ǻⲻƽɫɫġ
ϸһЩɫĻɲֻһһһţеƯˮϣеƯڿУϸ͸һȺεөһȴөĹҪ࡭
ûȴôأѾüͷڵ𣬿ȷʵֻ


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ν𣬾һڹĶ˵Ϊ׻ӷڿĦģȫǰſѧϹԹᾧ𣬲ԴԹԴԽõϵԽǹ޵֮ͬڵ֮У̫ĻǹʱͻԼй⣬γһε
˵ɨһۣ˵С㻹ǵÿο챻ǧ굤ס֮϶ᷢһɫĹâ𣿡
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˵ʵǲƣйͻαΪΣСйγ𡣲Ҳеħйˣͱǰ֣ҲħųģΪ˻ħʶԼǿ󣬲ҪȥԼ
ô˵ӦúŶ԰ɣҸп
ֱ̧˸˵ƣ˰һΪɴܷųôа˰Уߡ
һ⻰ҶסϾϹҲֻǧжѣöˣ˰УҲùüˡ
ʱָԵʵǧ޶Բԣ
һʣȻҡͷԵ˵ǵȻǧɲһǧǧԴˮʱҾѾĺƯˣߺߣֱ˵ͬ١ͬ
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ΪͲˮĹϵѾȫˣ洬һȴȻ£缤һĴȣ̹Цͽ޾֮·û취ˮأڴˣ
һЦҲЦˣ˵˵⼸˭˭Ĺ˭ܸɵģ
⻹𣿡
統һظһûǫ˵ȻˣȻûٳ궼ˣ۹ͻܸɳ̶ȣ붼Ұ
ܺãǾͰˡ
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Ǽá
֪ԼðˣɸղѾԴ˰ˣںҲҲû˵ֻܲ鲻Ըذ洬ƽ̺ãųڿʼ洬ʱڵ۵ˡ
΢Ϣһ֮󣬴ҸϽѴƽˮȥĸһֻüһ
ΪûдĹϵ˸⣬߬ڵֻĸ첲һͰָֻק׼ãΪ˵˺ü䱧ǸȻŻŴ·


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ǰǸɽҲһ˴δⱻЩʬˮǰǾڴĨһŴ׷ۣÿǰһʱˮŴ׻Ŵ׷ۣЩʬҽӽ
Ĳ־͸ϴڶӼҵ·ֵǸ࣬޷ǶܵظŹصĶӦֻ֣ǸҪСһЩǻûþͿǰʯ״ķ绯ʯ
ǰү˵η绯ʯǶӦܵظĻȪ·κţ·мλãԹţǾ͵Ƕɹһˮˡ
ǰȫûбӽҲһҪɹʱȻ翪˵ιǷһû
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һ仰ǣϽһǣۿˮƽ涼ûȥˣ洬ƺҲԽԽ
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Ͻʹѹһ´һͼӴϡ๾ࡱðһɰѴҶŻˣһʱ޴룬ҸϽָŲԶǿ绯ʯУȥ϶Ų԰͵óû죬ȵǿ绯ʯȥܱѣ
ôһ˵ϽŤתʼǿη绯ʯ˹ȥʱҲϽæˮȻʣô۲ĨŴ׷ˣŴ׷ڴϣЩӦòҽӽŶѽ
˵Ĺ򣬺ȻͨһһӰѾˮ˳
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˾ҸϽӦңǿȵ绯ʯȥ
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ˮжΣմҶףҲھǶˮæҲǸһЩĶѡ
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һˮУֻ̳ӭ˹
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˵˵ͭǮѾ⼣߰ˣվǵҽħֻһǿʬצغȴû̧һѱסҵͷҧ
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Ѫ˳ű˺Ƥ˲ģԱߵһСˮһʱҸŭʱȻԺﴫһŮЦһһ𣬲Ҳ֪
ǹʼͷӿһϽȥѹԼķŭͿ־壬ҲʼһʹžЦŤ˾ܿҵԺгʧˣһҲ֪϶һαұϵĸѹס
һֻʬû죬ҽͭǮֳֻͷһͨʹ̣һĹֻ֮ǰֻһ彩ֱزᶯˣˮס
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ͭǮûмһƬƬͭǮͱһ˸״ѣԸԸֻĶУӰȣ¸ʹ̲ȥ
Ȼ̲ȥǽȴЧÿһǺӰϵƤӰ۵û鴤һֱӰѽϣһʱͼǺӰʼҵس鴤һɣڴ˳
һϽתǼüǵһϹȻĶöϽָָͷϣʾȥ粻ΪǵҺұȻһͨҼˣקһѾܵԼϷһȥѺˮͬʱҲѾֳĺӰ˹ȥ
һסǺӰĲӣͭǮͷϰǺӰ鴤ʱȻһתˮĵƹҲˡһʱסˡ
ˮ˵һ̲סгΪǺӰ
Ȼ麣
Ҿסʱͼ麣һЦҲעȻһ굽ҵַһסңʼˮװ
Ҫקקʱͷһͼֱϳһë׵ë
һҿʼԳеȱˣͷԷͷҲʼˡ
麣˿ûЦŰңͳˮȥ
֪ôźʱˮϷȻͼһӰѾ˹ӦΣΪζٶȼֱȫﲻģֻһֱȲûжֻǿ˫ŲͣˮĴ򣬾һֻζĺ࡭
ýҲǾȻǺ磬˫ðһ̹ĺ硭


162 ëʬ
ת֮䣬Ѿ˵麣ĺϣʼҧƴקƺҪҡ
ʱһֻȻ˹Ľӽ֮󣬺ȻͶ׼ĲſѪڣһţⶼ˺ˣݶ¶˳
ɸûǶҧ磬Ȼһҧּ̧һȭǿϣһʱֻءһüһһȭͷȥҵǿŤɣͷǶ˺ü顣
͵һ飬˵Щǰ겻һ磬վҲûõͷĳ̶Ȱɣˮͨ˺ʹôҲһȭͷͰ˹ͷð
ûҷӦأȻʵﴫһ󿩿ع̹ˣ̹İֲ﷢
תֿʼ˺麣ȭͷݺͷ˼£ҵ麣죬ɿ˰ҵ֡
ɴʱ˿Ѿʹһˣ˼ˮ֮巢麣һʱ̵ؾͳˮ׳ȥ
ˮ̫ٵƹ⴩͸ˮˮﻹܿˮλá
ŻûȫԣƴŤͷ¿ʱ⡱һ
ֻˮףء̡һѩѩ׵ĿЩҡҲ㣬Ť۸ӵر֯һ𣬹ܿģкüֻ֮࣬ҼƤһθһڡ
һ룬ЩҲ湻ģô˲Ҳˣʬ徹Ȼ֯һھ͸һëһѽѷ֣˭˭ĽŶŤӳһţ˭Ŀˡ
أҲϾҪΪǵһԱˡ
ҵקˮ£һֻֻҲֲֻͣץӣһƬһˮ׵ĺһףϾͻᱻǸ˺ɡ
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ںһֻﻹһˣһȻ麣
֮ǰɽկʱȷʵ俴ѾĹ԰麣ôһֱΪֻǸþѣû뵽Ļţû뵽ǣȻѾûȥˡ
ɻûˮ棬ͼʮֻѾ˷Ǿۼ˹һؾǵˡ
ʱͼԲð̹˫ۣݺݳЩʮ̶ֻתεӰˡ
źһʹҺ麣ܳˮ棬ʧڷ绯ʯϵȴһ̶ý
ҸϽ˼ָֻ֪Ϸ绯ʯʱ̧ͷһ˫еĨ̹Ѿʧˣһ˰̡ͨһ̱˵ϣŴ˵ѽˣСӶ̫ˡ̫ˡ
ʱҲѾע⵽˱ε麣ʱ¶ɫ
ڰ£ϽӰ麣ûѹ
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һۣʵ
ʲôոˮΪʲô۾ǡɫġ

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ûشأѾԱקһ˵Сˮ״ñʣҲñ˵仰Ǵɽկӳϣү׿ҵġ
ΪʲôҲʡ
ʱͼһ˵ʵҲ֪Ϊʲôүʱô˵ġ
Ĭһ£ѹ˵ʵ˵ʵɽկˮ죬ұ㻹ءʱûһɺӾȻھﳩ磬۾ð̹⣬͸̵Ƶģˡʱڻԣû︮ǼֺүƺҲȫûоκεĿ־ΨխZǸһ
˵͵͵Ƴ˺һۣר־ٽƤȫûע⵽ĶԻŷġ
ò״Ҷ˳ڰϢʱҾǸߵү죬ᵽ˺磬˵ʲôɽôţᵽʲôʲôġ
˵Ȼ߹һţ統ʱͼˣ˰һʣιҸ
ģҪٸ˵ˮιʬ֡
һۣߵ˱廨麣ǰӺһ˵ǹҷ˵˼Ķ
һ˵ϽΧ˹ȥͼҲ麣ϸϸɨء
һǶ׵Աߣһץ麣ֱָǲë˵Сӻ治򵥣֮ǰһֱΪѾˣû뵽ǵûħ
ħ
һ仰ѴҶסˡ
ͼ˵ͷ˵С֮ǰ˵麣ѾĹ԰ˣ룬ӦųɵħǿϵëҺոռˣҲС
ҵıҲСҳһָ˾仰
ɰȴҡҡͷ˵ëëɲһ£ǧϹĹ걳ϳվ»ģëǷùġ
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ȷʵܷùʬȴܡڸ˶㲻ˣһֻ
˵üͷ쳣ء
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ִҸס
ҸϽʵëʬʲô̶йϵû
С֣ڲǿЦʱ򣡡
һۣɫ˵֮ǰ˵Ĺ԰ģҹƣܻ϶Ĺ԰ԹԼ׹̵ķѲϵ
Խ˵ɫͱԽѿȻ̾˿˵ǵøϽ취ȻĻҪˠɾˡ
ꣿɶ
˵һ£ʱ˵ⶫ㶼ûˣ
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165 
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ڴұߵĽһȻһŲ𣬴Ӷ¥ĸ¥ѾһŰֺͷϵŷ٣ϴһƾɵɫۣӦǸʿ
Ȼʿһ¥ȴСһЦسµ麣˹ȥٺЦʣүӭС꣬Եʲô
ʿ˵꣬ϵЦݺȻסŽ麣´һһüͷ˵㲻ǹʬ
麣ĬĬ˵ͷʿˣһ˵طɲңһʬôҹģ
ʬ˾ƹײĺ͵˸Ȼ͡
ԭǴġ
麣һϹǵʿȻˣ˵ͷ˵Ǻðɣ£·
ʿ˵ŻӻͳһǮ֮ôţ𡰺һŴӻ￪ʼð̣̽ɢ֮ϾȻѾ˲Ĳһ
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168 ɽɵ
һۿǵľȣԱĽ˵еУħ۷˵ϹֽһֻûǮ˼䷹ﳣĲȡ
˵ʱǵʿѾٺЦų˹
λ͹٣ӭ٣ʡ
˵һ룬ǸʿȻסűϿʼţһʱǵĶᵽɤۣѵ˵ųϵζ
ŵֱðҲĵؿʼڵԱߵĵɽ죬׼ֱֺƣֽһʱȥõġ
ʱͼǵʿӺ˵ôйɧζûⰡ
⻰һԱߵһӾ˹ȥµ˭أ˭أǶ򣡸Ƕޣǧޣ
ޣû
ǵʿɨһۣٺЦû뵽С껹ֻ޿ˣԣǧޣǵϰҲǧôô󣿡
ȻλҰ䳰ȷһͨˣǵʿһԣҲϽס˻ٺЦ˵𼤶ⲻǿЦģʲôޣ
ǡ
һתǳ±ҾǸɵ棡
£±
ʿˣЦ˵һŵʱǣʲôģҲ˵һЩ˵ĳ±񡭡Ӱɣ
ܵ𣿡
ǵʿ˵ôѾôˣǵʿȻҲڷҲ˵ˣɨһۣȻĿⶢҵϡ
ٺЦͳĨʼӣһ߲һߺȻú΢˵侲侲һ¡
ǻ⡱һһʱ֮䵹Ҳû⻰ʲô˼
ɽžһ˵ǲģٽȥò˶þ͵¶ڡ
⻰һڣҸǶסˣѵ˵Ѿǵݣ
²ԣͳһŻֽǸʿְʱûע⣬öû뵽ǵʿûһ۾Ͷ˹ȥЦݣŰһ˵ǲǣѷպãᱻ˷ֵģ
⻰ڸûǻش۾Ȼһɨ˵Ǳ£ҲẦǣԼˡ
ԼˣҸǶס
Ȼʱͼһ˫С۾Χɨһû˵ע⣬ŶŰλԱߵĵɽһü˵һҾ֪ǿ϶ǹ»ҰΪýĵɽҵġ
㣬ģ
ûҵġ
ǵʿ˵˻Ա̾˿ȻֺٺЦ˵ǾȻõҵİҲѾҵҵʬ˰ɣ
֮ǰʱڽŴҶûô̧ͷôһ˵ҸϽɫϸɨ˵ˮ﷢ֵֻ໹еƣֻֻҪһ㣬ˮˣҸ·Ҳһ
ɨϵĵۣǵʿֺٺЦ˵ǲûɣǸԲʷľңʱûüϵۣһֱûϳҵԾͰѰԼĵˣִ֮ϡ
ȻǵʿΪʲôﵱ˷Ա̲סʡ
ⲻзԱϰĻ˵еС
ǵʿ˵̾˿˵ҲͬˣҲΪӾİɣ
Ȼ˵ݶˣǵȻҲûҪˣǴҶ˵ͷû˵
Ͼ֪ʲô·Զʧ
ǵʿȴֿ˵ʵˣǵĿһǴǰˡ
˵ϽѧŹǹ˹֣˵ҽˣéɽɺѧʿɽ
ѧʿǰС˵ȻҲ֪ʲô˼
Ѱʵħ֮˶Ϊʿյһ֣ʿ֣һʿһǺѧʿ
νʿ֣Գǵѧţ߱켫õ츳׾ͿʼүϰѧʿһָĶһЩƽƽſʼѧˡ
ǸкɽĹ»Ұ˵ǰǸˣú̿ģϷúͬȥƲˣһʱͶ·ʱҲͷѻʱ򣬽ͱ»ҰϣҪ֮˵һηéɽϵҸˣҷѾĻˣеԵͰΪͽܣʮ
ǽ󣿡ʡ
ʮߡ
ɽѧһԼּյĲˣͱʦԼ봳ߵһ⣬죬Ҿ˸ʦһħ˼Ȼ෽֮ҷסֻǧӾ
ȻǳֻӾģΪʲôڷĻƣ
˵ˡ
ɽ̾Ϣֽ˵Ҵ´ֻӾ֮󣬾ʹԼˣڶڵ£ҵǸұΪԼʮ껹޵ǿ϶ǵѧŰڶʱھˣֱӾͰѶڴˣŵһֱӾ͵ˮ棬Դײһʯͷײˡ
˵ɽֱ죬ֲ൱ʱͷײ˿ڵĵط̾Ϣ˵ĵطǸͶ̥˳ƮƮ͵ֻӾһֱۼĴλ꣬ȻǵĻԼҼֻӾʱӾҲҪҵĻǣһŵүү̰ʦ䱨ˣӾһ֣Ȼ˵ʦǰһѣ˰ӾͰҸæտһµ桭
˵Ͻ廰ʣʦȻܸǧӾѣʲô·
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169 ԩ·խ
һɽĻҶסëСéɽڶʮǰպյ׻ʦëСôأ
ʱʣ㾹Ȼ׻ʦëСĵӣǶʮǰɽʱëСѾ䲻δˡ
ɶʮǰɶ£
ɽͷ˵ҵǴûʦ˵֮⣬ȷʵٸ߱Լֺݡ
ɽһ˵꣬ҸϽ־̵ʵˣëСͽܣû˵һѽľķ
Ұ뿪Ϊľǵéɽȥ̽ľ䣬Ҳ׹̵Уһȥڶûκε䣬ǿ϶뵽éɽɵëСȻš
һ˵꣬Ǻɽȴҡҡͷʣ˵ʲôʲô
ľ
ʦʱЯľʦӡҡ壬ֱʦħּ𡢶ȣľéɽУӦëСϡ
ѽҿɾ治̫ˣϾҾ͸ʦѧһѡ
ʦĶ
Ҳ֪ҸֿʱϷҼǵѧʱһʱ˵һ仰˵ҸһԵ֣һ֮ͻ˹;ҵʱΪ϶ʦ岻ãû׼Ķ͵ĸչһ꣬ˡ
΢΢ü˼λʦΪ˵ǵ׻ʦëСѾռˡˣʦ˵ʲôûУ
ɽһ£ش˵ǻ˵䣬ʦ˵һһƹǹԵˣʱҪתＸ仰
ɽ˵ɨһۣĬһּ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˡʲôݣۼ˵ҲԵ˰ɣֲǹȻҵĵɽⲻԵԵֲǳ
һ⻰ҵ鶼ϽʺɽʦתĻʲô
Ǳ𼱣롣
ɽֳ°ϸһ£ȴǳüչ̾˿˵ҸˣϾ뿪ʦѾʱˣˣϸͻǵһ䣬ͼ
Ǻɽһ˵⻰Ҷ˳˼֮Уͼƺһʫʲô˼أ
ͼҵ˵˵ϹŵʱϽؾڵĻƺһƥϱһͼ׸պͼ˰ԣ˺ͼΪǡסԴ
֮ǰɽկʱƺҲᵽͼ˵ëýµҡԤҲǴͼģֻڴ˵֮еĶ׸ʲôϵأ
˼ʱȻǺɽһ˵ѽôأˣ˿϶ǵã
ֻӾһʵ
ͼɽͷ˵԰ԭȷʵǴģûԼڷˣ˼ҰҸˣˣҾͰԼǰ¶˵ˣҲʦ˵Щ
ɽ˵վߣҸϽסҪȥ
ɽһ㶣ȥʰ˼Ժã϶ǵá
뺦ǲǣ
ҵһ˵ʲôˣʲôģһ˵ǻл·𣿡
ôһ˵ɽŷӦ˹ϽһΪѵ˵㲻һˣ˵ǲеˣ
ǳ⣬Ҳ÷ĸĸ⡣
ˣǺѧʿʱҲǵŵˣȻҲǵŵĹ˵
˵СΧɨһ£˵˵ǿɲΪץֻӾģġ
ˣ⻰ʲô˼ɽʡ
Ķʵ
ӵȻڶ
ɽˣƽʱڶ賿ʮʱŻ˵ľʲô˼
ɽȱʣ֮ǲǻˣʱ֪ˡ
˵꣬ɽԥһ£˵ͷ˵ǺðɣϾԵҾһΣҪǸ˺ˣǺηʥҶûꡭ
ɽ˵װ˲ǮźæԼȥˣһۣ˭û˵Ѿȷһˡ
Ѫʬһֱû֣ȻͻЩ»Ұ֮У֮û֣ҲڵֻӾԼ¶档
Ӿûϸϸڴɨһʮˣ麣Ǹʬħ֮⣬ĶЩ»Ұһɫͣ쳣ˡ
˵ɫҶŽż⣬ҪҳֻѪʬҲס
ΪʱȻŵ˵죬ǿ쿴̨Աߵǽǡ
ĻҸϽ˹ȥͼ̨ԱߵǽǴӺͬĿ͵ˣӽӲñֱŸŵأһɨ֪ģ͸о˳е죬ɵĶȴָ벻
ûӦϽֻŵ˵ϸǲǸ𣿡
һԾˣϸһǣ񲻾￴һĸף
͵һɨ⡱һ󴦵Ƥ͸ǴϵһƵģƤⷭģȴѪܵ¶һƬ⡭
Ѫʬٿˡ
δݾߣ˵껰ҸϽͷֻѪʬע
ɾʱȻſڴִһƮỺؽŲѾųһлλƵ߽˵һһŮһСк
̲סɨһۣǻ񣬾Ȼ֮ǰһڡ


170 Ӿ
һõһ˵¿ˣǱһڵĹ»ҰȻεﱻ˹
ʱͼǸսŵһǳΧɨ˼ۣ˫۾ˢˢؾڹ̨Եϡ
Ů˺ͺɫ԰ףǸǰ˿˼ֻ֮תͷԼǰǸˣǸˣҲֱضǰѪʬޱ飬忪ʼ΢΢Ҳ¶һɫ
Ҳ֪ȻϳɱԼĳ
һһڿʼԼצѪʬҲסˣʹλվһȴŤͷڲԶ麣ŭ麣ҽΪʲôԼܽ˽ϳң㡭
һ⻰麣ŵøϽսս˵ϴ⣬ⲻҰǣǡ
ĶֱӰǸھʧ뻹ǽס˼ۡ
ֻѪʬɲɵ麣ƺͿһ⣬ʱһʲôˣ
һ¶ˣҲסˣԾֱӸƴˣ
ɸһվһڱԩѾ޺ųѪʬ˹ȥ
ȥʱͼ˵жѾѪᣬԹжˡ
ȻѪʬּ͵Ĺ˵ֻ»Ұʲôأ
ۿһ˹ȥҧĸ첲ĲӣѪʬʱſѪڣһţǵƤſˣѪʬһھҧס˵Դ۵ҽУҽһڴصй»ҰĿⶼˢˢ˹
Ҳ֪Ϊͬ౻۸идôһʱ䣬ʮĹ»ҰһһȺʼӵӣҴһš
һŵõʿɽϽȰţЩ»ҰĶĻѽ
һĹѪʬѾһһȥһҧ˸ɢҲһץӵϵĶƤˣѿƤ£ͼ¶һѪֻԲ۾һתճڵλö˹
㲻ˣ򣡡
һŭ˵ŻһŻֽѾѪʬ˹ȥѪʬһӶֽĹһ˾ͳ˹
Ѫʬǰ壬ʢŭ֮Ҳһ㣬ӭѪʬײ˹ȥڿʱ˫͵һ󣬿ֱʲô仯ûУһ°ˣ˲ԼĵѾȫ︮ĸסˡ
ۿΣգһӭͷײ˹ȥײѪʬͬʱûѰӸ˻嶯ѪʬûôöԸ
ۿסѪʬҳûִӵɽǰͭǮҲ˳Ҳץľ翪ʼѿӣ֮׼÷׼ֻѪʬһˡ
ɾʱӴмλõĵذȻһꡱĹԽԽǿңľʵذ嶼ʼ΢΢
һ˶סȻͼذϡһݳһûãһ˫ѾӶס˵ذ塣
Ȼӵص´ܳ˸ҸǶһʱֻһСӰӶѵ˳һȻǸ̷Ůˡ
òײŴӶһɨֻŶʮ߰ģŸԲ۾·úأϻϵһΧȹվ֮һƺʱۻһ
˾ȵǣվͷ˶ͷϵĻҳôһֻƤӶ̴Ӷ̷˳ҲһǸоʶԾ˫Ѿʼʪˡ
ѵ˵ֻӾѵ˵Сġ
ûҷӦأǵʿɽѾŮ˹ȥ˵ͷϽ˵ϰ˳ˡ
˵ʱֻӾҲһֱڵһ˫ˮĴ۾Сһޣ͸¶ݵ峺Ƥ
һģӾʱʣôǣҲһûѣǨ
ϰЦˣʲôǨ
ɽ˵Żɨһָ̧ۣǺǣǣ
һ⻰סˣ˵СӱԱҲ̫˰ɣǵˣôͳ׵ױֻӾշˣ
ϰЩ˲ǹǵʿҪ㡭
һڣӾ۾˹ɱݣȻǴЦǿ̲ס١
ӾûֱӸ˵͵͵Աһ֮һ̧֣Ǿ͸оȻһ磬Աһֻ»ҰͲҽųķ˹ȥȻ͸С˵ǴһֱӾͰǹ»Ұ˹ȥ
žͼӾץǹļԼһһھҧסĲӣһӵĹǹ»Ұʼݣ͸һݵ˸ˣӾְ˦˳ȥ
Ķ֪ǹǰͨһ͵˵ϣʱҲˤ÷飬һҷɽɢΡ
һüͷָӾ˵Щ»ҰľԪǻҷܳ
ôˣұѵƻ²ɣ
ӾһЦȻ̧һָ˵ʲôˣѵ︮߹˵׹̵ආ
ǶǣЩɢηʿѡ
˵ŻأɽȻԱקӾĸ첲ϰǸǸѪʬѪʬ
Ѫʬ֣Ӿ۾Ѫʬķ˹ȥϴŵƤѾոһץӵһ룬ʱ˿̶׷ڵԭα¶


171 һ
ӾѪʬһۣء˵ʱʲôùŪΪ壬ֻಶЩ»ҰӣôͻȻôĶ
һ⻰ҵǰһ˵Ӿô֪ôǿɲΪץģΪ˾㣡ֻѪʬ׹Ըġ
׹̣
һ⻰Ӿ̽Ѫʬһû˵ȻһţȻ֪Ǵʲôأķ̴򿪣һ͵һӣѪʬεС
ѪʬһϽקҪѳɲŸһִˣðһ۵Ѫʬһҽˣŭ֮󣬾ȻڵҪڿذߣɸհһľٿϾ¶һֽѪʬһץһըɢ۵Ѫʬһҽ
Ѫʬ·ţӾһЦ㵱ʲôط߾ߣЩ䶼ǰЩԸҵĵʿµģ֪׹̿϶ŹңԾѧಶӲһŪЩŶԸǣû뵽óˣ
˵ŻӾȻıЦüЦƤúܣһһЦһһСǳƣټͷҲһӶ䣬˵˼ֱǸٸĶ̷Сһ
Се㷢Ƶģһʱ俴ó񣬡С㡱־ȻѿڶɻһڣȻͼӾ͵سָ̧һץҾǱһеǿסһᡱһ¾ͳӾ˹ȥͣסʱӾѾסҵĲӡ
Сӣ˵С㣬ʲôС㣿
ǣŮѵ֡
ҾŵؿڣűʹСҿϱ˰ɣʱ˻ռСıأ
ȻӾû磬üʵ˵С㣬ʲôǰҲиѽС㣬֪˵ǲһˣ
Ӿú˶˰ĿƿǶԿƳˮһаĴ۾΢΢Ź⣬ǹ⣬ɢˮϵ¹һ࣬˫۾˵Ѷ˵
ʮ£Ӹ࡭࡭۾ҲһƯǳ
սսػش˵ʱֳͷǶԱıӶɨһۣ˵һҲһԺܿɰöֻ˸˸ڽǡ

˵ӾʱһʱȻ麣Ա
ӴˣֻѪʬǸһģǸͲ׹̵ˣǲǡ
һ麣ָ˹Ļֱðһָ麣麣һδθᣬ㾹Ȼһδֳǣ㵽ʲôģ
Ķ֪һ˵꣬ǸкɽĵʿȻҲһ԰ǻϰʬ˵ûǲ׹Ըˣ
ɽ˵ʲô
Ӿüͷ˺ɽһۣǼҲȫס֮ǰǸɽĵúúõģôͻȻҧһڣ
ʱǺɽڵָǺˣ֮ǰ߾ʱСڰ׹̵ƣҹȥˣ͸Ͻװڴˡ
ɽƨ
ҸҪͣӾѾ۽䱸سҵ˹һֻ̧һҾ;Լ¿ڴȻʲôٶһһһģûҷӦأһСѾҵĿڴԼ˳Ӿ
һӾУӾֱð̣ȻǱа׵Ķҳûɨһۣ͵һֻǰһΣڵɱԩĺҪ麣ʱþֵ׵İ麣һܹаƣǿƾ͸һޣĸ֡ͿС׹а׹̵
Ӿ߬ûȫѾסˣΪʲôϻֶ
ɽݺң
ָźɽŭ϶ⶫ͵͵ϵģĲѧһĵȻ͸׹̴ͨһ
˵ʲôأ
ɽһ˵ڿģǹ»ҰǶҸôݺң
ɽһ仰Ȼ˵ƿԣȷʵ麣ϴƣͲҽǵǡ
뵽ˡһϽ麣˹ȥͼСЦء
ģ̫Ȼֱһ
麣Ǹ쵰ñȻҡ
֤ȷ仹Ӳ
ӾȻ漱ˣ۶ˣһ߬ƣͦõӡһͱ˸飬Ӿû̧֣һƾҶͷġ
ССġ
һΣգʱһУһŻֱֱֽӾš
Ӿ㶼û㣬ǻֽͷϺðЦ͸ȫʹһ
ȻƬ̵ĹǻֽȻԼ˻ҽӾһ˦֣ʮѾѰΧС
ЩСȻܴ󣬿ʼʱһֻֻөһΧŰ˴תôץץӾһ֣Щө桱ʼžײһײ磬ɵ˰ֱȥһһһҵɫؿըͬʱѾײ÷ɳ˺üԶͨһڵվվˡ
һˣ˵ⲻǧΪû뵽ʵȻǿֵزұץиˣźжвˡ


172 ͭ
ۿŰһһص£ڱը֮վˣＱû𼱻ǵģʱ򣬺Ȼͼ麣Ӿûע⣬ѾĵسŲ˹ȥһǰߣһֽ⿪·
˵СҪʲôʱѲɻˣå
Ķ֪麣⿪ºҳ׾סˣĸѾȫˣյʲô١Ӷûˣ麣һ֣ȻԼӷù˿ͳһɫİӾߵĺɽһʹɫɽʶһȥ
ö㿴ʲô
ȻѾߵӾ麣һӾæŶԸأ붼ûͻعͷȥһҪͼ麣Ѿ˺ڲŴ¶һͭɫľ
Ӿͷһھϣ˲ͼ¶һӵӾʱһûȷӦأǹͭɫľѾһŰ׹⣬ӾؿʱӾһҽе˳ȥشҺ˿ڴŴתҲ˲Ϩ𡭡

麣һЦһʱͼǵӾİ׹֮أΧЩ»Ұ̲ҽŻΪɻңɽŵøϽ˵˽ﲻҳ
׹ҪѪʬͺɽҲˣ麣Ǻڲͭɫľָסһڵ׹ɢ٣ӾڵϼȴѾվվˡ
㡭ôС׹̵İͨ
Ӿݺݵ麣һۣĿһת˴һɪɪĺɽٶüʵ㣬Ҽǹ֮ͽûĻǣæֻҸʵʱͶ̥㾹Ȼҡ
ôǱأ
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ʱöԱȰ˵ִˣκӦзŭʹ̫ˣý飬Ӧϣ

Ҽᶨصͷҧȶʼƴ̧ǹײİ壬ϧǣҶ۵ˣɹײİȴȻ˿˼Σ
ʱһһĹȥԽԽżС㣬ŸϽѰǸȳ
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179 
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Ҽǵǰ׳ɱģʺëԴӹ֮мʿĶӣʺһĶ̾ͻһζ
ĶȴĳζҪżʮ˼ڳ֮̾ͶĵŻ
ҲҿˣͷȥקϵƤһ˺һɫճҺһء
ʱȻͼڵȻһ£ŵһҽУʱһСľ˵ϡ
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ҴʱֳһûκֻֻǰֽһţȹϹӵĻȴʶϸһ룬ôôɺϣӼֱ͸֮ǰүһֱǰѰֽȡ
һޡ
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180 һ
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һظ˵ûүүǰǸڵĿӡ
ѹˣħһѪأһѪΪţҵĸţ԰ȲŶ㲻á
Сƻһ˵꣬öϽʣСƣ̼ǵԪĩ︮ʱû׷ɱңʱҲˣôͻȻʧˣҼǵʱ︮ڵ㣬վû䡭
㲻Ҳˣһֱ
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СƺԽ˵Խѹһ֮̾ɨöһ˵˵︮һֱѰҵ䣬ұ֮ЩֵҲû˳ϻ︮·ϾͱЩ׹˸
׹̣׹̡
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181 
СƺڲԹɫɫԣһüʣСֵܣôˣĪҲ׹ʲôڣ
ûֱӻشĻö˵öһ𣿡
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˵֮󣬻СĿ࣬һп
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ЩͽͽﶼǺûֵľҷ
︮Ҹ㣬ҿ磬ҪȻǵȺɣڲĶ֪ǾȻץǣʲô
һͨԹСƵͷԲĬ֮˵żжͬұ׹̵צ̵ҲԹޣԹΪ˲ɼȴҲϲվȻؼգһлĵСֵܣվ
СƺȻɫسһָһ㶣ϽĻվžСָ˵ؼգţ쿪ʼҪҡ
㣿ɶҾʵ
Ҫң︮ҪǿĴ︮ػ;
СһϯϵѪȻʱ˵ڽǻ֮ʲôˣ㻹ҪȰһæ
˵㾡˵ˬӦ
ڵ壬»Ұ磬ȻҷʱҪһá
ŵֱء
˵ɶҪҵ壿
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Сƴ㲻þţҿɲҪǿаռסҰ£Ի뿪
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ﷸֹν巢֮ڸĸƾʲô˵ͽ裿˵ˣһָɶզ죿
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С˵ĿڴһۣЦЦ˵οѾˣھͲԼãϷֻħһֱŻռ𵽵аá
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ĳͻСƵĲҽػػأͷۣòĸȫʧ˵ûãСƵȻһ𣺡ˣСֵܣм˵ˣǻ֮壬ȻˣԾ͸㣬еĽ޷á
һ¶ɺã׷ӶûҾȻͳ˷ˣ׵һʲô
أС˵УƽʱõʱðӲػ֮ڣΪ֮а̫أںӡϵаᵼħ
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СһҲЦˣҵǸˣаסһ꣬Ҳ湻ֵˡ
ǰȻҲԼҲû취
ʼ磬˵ˣӵʲôã˵ʲôʶѵ˵൱һֵ䣿
ǺǣЩӣڽҲͲͨ㲻˵Ҫȥѣȥˣ֪ˣ
С⻰һҲźȻ𣬶԰ô죬һʱҾȻѰǸˡ
뵽ҸϽͷöһʯſߡ
ҪſڣȾߴĺľײģҸһӽȻһ𡪡

ĥʲôĵͳֽ
ϸһƺǴײĵķ򴫳ġ
СƣҸղŶˣΪʲôʯڻСײģװʲô
ҿɲұצ̵֮ΨһǵõľǱͬ˾ףһܿججģֱǿٵǰĻһ
ǺðɣʲôԼ֪ˡ
С˵ʱѾߵǸײĵǰ棬öϽܹסңһǵ˵Сĵ㣬ܾײйŹ֡
İɣǸǻǻ㲻
ұŵĴɲˣȻŻʲôȹײûצֲˡ
Ǹײǰ֮ǰġҲѾͣ
û˵ʯ˶ѷ촦δˮ֮⣬ûһÿ¡
ĸѶǸľײϣûκεĶһȶ֮˫קסײĸǣ͵һѾ
ǹײȻŹײĶľˣ͵һƵʱ͡ꡱһϳأײİƿͬʱҸϽһûжŴչȥ
һײƽһĿȫǵʬǣѾˣȴһ۾ϳǼѾòġӡ


182 
ⲻ︮ͳһװ𣿡
ûۡ
ö˵︮װ֣һֽһֽۺ䣬ɫѪɫǬ
Ǻɫأ̲סһ䡣
ҹĻ
ԺлСƵѾ𣺡ײŵģӦѳʱɱֵܣǾһ
ҵͷֳмǸײ˹ȥ֮ǰѹײĸһƣͬһ︮˵ʬ壬ײġ
ǰײʱȻҾͷ˾ȻߵľǰҪƿײĸǣɻûأȻһһֻĴѾ͸ײİ˳
һʱĹײİ嵽ҷɣҸֻѾһץסҵ죬͵һֱӰק÷˹ײ
ŤͷһѽҲŵǾߺںĸʬһ˫۾ɨҡ
ʬǰ߲ͬǰѾóƤˣʬ帯ãȻʬ˾
ȻԺеһʱ䴫˻СƵԹ˽ʬ
С˵ʱǾʬĺȻһ󡰿عԭ֮ǰġ
ûҷӦʬѾſѪڣżͳ˹ʶ˫סĲӣסһľ룬ϵԲ㣬ʬƽۿһ˫Ҫҵϡ
Сƣ죬취
һУʱͼһƮײǽʬϵһ˲䣬ʬ̱ըõ˳ȥ֮ǰɫģѪɫġ
öлˣ
ҳûϽӹײ˳ȥһöŵڶײģɫΪѿѾˡ
ΪΪ˾ʹöȴҡҡͷ˵СӣĲңѾʩչˡ
Ǹոյǡ
һﻨСƵЦٶȴȻԼˣ˵ܰڵа֮Ƽã︮ĸ㼸𲻵ʲôЧ
Сƻ˵꣬ǽʬѾֱس˹СƸϽ˵죬ðӦУ
ۿŽʬǰһ˫ָ״˹Ҷ˵ʹӺ˰ȣһչ棬ʬָ׵ϡ
һʱͼһŰڷɳ˲ӵʬ˫ϣʬһ˫ֱ̿ʼãգۼѾһŷɻҡ
һҳһ˵Ҳ̫ˣ˵ֻһΣ͸оһ¾ͱƵģֻӵĹһµѾӱȫ¡
ۿֻûֵĽʬתͷҪܣ̧һ˦Ѿպųǽʬĺ˦˳ȥžһӾǷһ̴˽ʬǻһ̣ʬұȻһͷײʯҵݶϣըɢһŷɻҡ
ǰһסµӣûΪԼһֻʬأɸոձǽʬײݶһѾšĿΧӿ
ҰһãϽܵöԣҪܣջһ¡һϷˮѾ忪Ѻ۹ʯңžҵز֮ǰʯҴת˲֮ͱǿˮ壬ضס
ˣӲˣ
ۿˮһֻֻʬһѿһ󶴵ݶûһĹˮѾûǵĽףȫ֪ôźˡ
ʱұڻѾö̧һֻϿյѴ˵𼱣ˮʯҡˮôʱʹѿγȥ棬ڡ
ö˵ʱֻ˳ˮĿʬѾʼ˹һ§öһ߬ŰһҴãʬ͵ȵʬһȥرõõز𡭡
ǶˮѿڵĵطʱȴȻִһëȻĹֽʯһ﷢һͷһȻβͱڹײʬѾһ̧ͷ
ҵˮϵĺɫ۹˵һƬٶȽ
˲ˣϲˮˮһֱھҲûɢȻ˹
СƵĽԺдҲʱͼֻ۵ĿѾʬ˹ȥһҧȥһֻ̱ҧȥ
ĶǱ˺ģͼǿһ£˳Ƥϵѿڻ˳ʬûں˻Դ֮˫õ۾ǡ
Ƕ˴֮ʬͻȻһͳ˹ſѪһӸ֮ŵ§öϽһԣžžһ˵̫ͣȻѶھڵβ͸ˣβ͹ͺͺģûצӣһôһβ͵Ĺ
ۿˮѾൽʬˮԽԽж磬жȴԽԽˣʱöȻһ£һŻǰ˵ߣҰ㵲š
ö˵ʲôôܰﲻأ
Сӣڿɲҵʱ㻹ҪȥأС
˵öȻתͷɨһۣĬһ˵УһǸŮӤѾ֪ԼĻתҪѹҲҪʧ䣬Ȼ裬ϾǴҶģԸ⡭һҲܿġ
ôƯн㻹ࡣЦˡ
öҲЦˣߺ΢΢һЦ˵𣬹ֲŮӤϲ㣬ˣƯ𣿡
һƯ
һһڣöЦĸˣһƣͷҲص˵߰ɣӳȥ£ѻǧ꣬˲ܺŮӤ֮⣬Ѿûκεźˡ


183 ֵ
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һ£̧һƾ׶ϡ
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öһ㶣ԴͻͷһۣƲ˵СðɵôôҲðɵҷһҪǰ汣ңҿɽˣҪңһҵ𣿡
˵ŻǰѧŸոҵҲһ£һ˵㣬վţҽ
Сġ
һ˵öһУתͷǰһȶˡ
ʬѾ˲εҵǰһͷʱſѪѾߣûܣ֮һͷͽ˽ȥ
Сӣ㲻
öľһŨʬ˳ʬĳ»͸Ĩһͣͣ
˵ؿɵˣװñƣͷ˼ҵв͡
Σͷ˫סӣ߬͵һ̴̴ʬĶӣһӰ̽Ȼ˿
ʬ۵һҡͷβֹҰͷβţۿѾ·֮ǰ˺ĵطҽһܾʹﻬ˳ˮСһչһȣʬζǼ˲١
ٿʬһ֮ͨһˮУһҲû
ΪⶫأǣҲˡ
ҺٺһЦɸҪˮǰߣȻ;ýһվվסˡ
öＰʱܹҷסҲղڵ
ʱСƵִԺдСֵܣӽѾʹˣ壬õö˿ɳԲǲҪõĺá
ǵƽȥ˵ɡ
˵ŻٶȽöסžϿյѿѵƶˮܿǵļǵͷҲĨ˹ȥۿžҪʯҹˣҸϽһ׼һͱöﳯѿ˹ȥ
öﲻֻӣˮＸȫɥʧһֱ§ŲںųףʱΧһֻֻʼ˹һʱҲûţ߬һһһ˫һ˫һսżѾϢöεˮķ绯ʯϡ
Ϣһ֮öڷ绯ʯϵңԼӾȥĵҸϵʱģ¥Ѿճ˻ҽڻҽһҷû˵ӰӣΨ֮ǰŵŤڻҽѾˡ
Ҳ֪϶麣ѪʬǸץˡ
Ҵӻҽз˼ûľ壬Ӽ򵥵ذһСӣֻĻسŷӻС
ȥ·ϣСƵһδԺдСֵܣ˵еȣ
ԣһλĵŸС
һشܿϧǱ︮ץסʱҲѾ︮˵
Ȼ
СƸпһ˵ӱһԣһΪ֮һΪ֮꣬ȴ˵ϹʱѾʧˣû뵽ǧȻѵ𣿡
ȷʵӿЩʬһ¾
ǣе𣿡
СЦһ˵ɾʹˣڵȵ˵ǿֵܵһЩƽħ֣⵹ûģ̸˵ҪȺһٱˣǲ
һ󼤶ϽʵôȺһأ
ҲҪĵȻǰһҲҵ
˵ʱѾķ绯ʯ̧ͷǰһ绯ʯϵȻѾˣȡ֮ģʯͷȼһԱֻ߲һֻôӣһֻ

һһ۾ϳ˻ʪϽӿٶȻ˹ȥ
ûңһֱŤͷߵĴúٺɵЦ
Ů㿴ͦԵģͷǰ׵ģҲǰ׵ģٺ٣ٺ١
ƺôϹӾһˡ
Ҳң绯ʯȥһѾ;סëͷһ£ƣôǲǶץ𣿡
һͷע⵽ҵĴڣٺЦ˵ǰ麣һʱҲץǣץȥȹ㻹˽𣿸ǶǧޣⱲӱĲˣץסңǰҴȥװǲעؾˣⲻϽ㱨ţӾֻˣģЩҧ˺üڡ
˵žͶҾƨɣֱһž˹ȥ
ʱͼֻһϴգŻȻѡ
ѵѵö
ӵ˵ͷȴû˵
ô
С⻹Ȼ֧Σԭ͡
ԱߺٺЦ˵ʲôûãԭˣ˵˻
˵ûȷʵģ⻰˵Ҿ͸оһ꣬õʱͰѰȳ˳Ż˵ұ죡ٶһ仰ⱦԴŲţ
Ķ֪Ҵγӣʱ͵һžʵⲻǰСӣôⶫ
Ҳϵȣ
һʱСƵڴ㲻ʺӣôĶҶ
һһ㵣Ͻ˵СƣѹСаȣԭ㴫ġҸҪ֪ɵǵɡ
磿ʲô磿
һ£žü˵ʲôʲôҸ磿Ҹǰѽ


184 
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仰һߵӶֱۡ
ʱСƵִﴫ˳˻٣ɽ˫ޣһΪһΪ޻ѩ˵ԣͨ£ֻԻͺڶ֮ʵԼ̸Ůƽʥޣ˼Ժգѩ˵󣻶ˣԳͺĴң֮޹Żᱻ˽ʵΪֵ֮£Ҳͽ˵ˡ
С⻰һѾŵĿˡ
㾹ȻȻֵܣôû
ΪǶ־һֱѹڸ֮¡
ҡͷԵ˵˵ˣҸ־־ϱȿͷһ·ˣⲻǣ֪ǰͰԼˣӣ㿴Ƕڶ֣ѡ
˵ֳߵӺٺһЦ椶Լ
öﵱȻûҸϽʣ֮ǰһʱǻǱԹ˵ʲôԼ¶֮ġ
ֵܾͲܹ¶𣿡
˵㶼֪жҸӲҵģӱĳҼңҵְ֣裬ӣ㶮ʹ𣿡
⻰һڣöﶼȥˣݺݵһš
һȻһʣô˵ѵүǰѰȣ㻹йϵ
ȻйϵҸ绯Ϊӣһ˼䣬˼ֺ֮︮СƵһһֱϣ룬¶Ҹ˭ûҲ֪Ҵӹûʲôѣ͸ǶԳ±죬Ҿҡ
ֲԹžûһ
С̾ѽСӿǸ飬һֱץסΪѾˣû뵽㻹ôܡ
ǣΪʲôֻүϣʡ
ġ
ش˵һֱŵ룬ɲӵëϲôϾҾ뵱ת͸ŮˣʮλǰŮҲûҪҪǶ࣬һҳˡҶ׽ٱˣһ룬ƷҲԾͰ͸ˡ
ѽ㣬Ͳô֮˵
¡
ٺЦ˵վҲһѣڷý飬жȫжǱܣһ˼ˣҲò˵㣬Сơ
⻰ڿɰѻСƸˣȻָŶ
ȻҲǵһԻò˼ʹϵ֪ĽħˣϵãӦǵжԹϵȴȫ˻ϲԩҡ
һǧ˼ɲǰ׸ģһͰѻСĶסˣ˵Сֵܣ
ǲΪȻٺЦ˵ðҪǶãҸһֱϲǧҲħǹǶҿޣ
ʱֻСʣΪԳƸǶʲô˼ҼǵõʱʦĶԳ޵ġ
ֿɲˣô˵˵õ㾫ץ
񲡣Ǻ⣿
ʷˣ԰˰˵ϹŶûأʱٸ˵ھҪ
һ⻰ҲȻѣ԰˶֪ץĶȥˡ
ҸϽѾӵöﱧľҲϱģһ߽ˮ
ԼӾߣϲôܾȻ˵㻹ϴ
СӣУţ
ҲûңԼóĹٶҵľǰΣˮĿƨҧ˺üڡ
ò˰ҸϽڸǳȥ·Ͼ˵׹ƺڸһܻأ˶Ѿץȥˣ麣ƺôͽأҪףö
˵Ĺ˳ڳĶص˵ϣ̧ͷһɫѾɷˣǾȻĵһϡ
δµĶ˷֣ҺϽʯͷڳĶڶסŸϽǰߣһǵǰ
һûǮûͨѶߣһͨ߻ûˣô죿
Ϊѣ˸˵ҪȲУƾһҲûԶˣ·Ҫг˼һˡ
һҲǣǱöǰߣںš
һͷǴƬɽҰ뵽һɽ·ϣ⸽ûʲôˣ˵żôֶͣһۡ
ʵҲܹ˼ңһﱧŸôӣƨɺŸһŪͷŢ·ģ֪ĻΪǸ񾭲أ˭Ұ
û취ֻŵǰߣۿŶˣʵ߲ˣʱִһᣬͷһȻһڵСһ߿˹
ҸҪٳȻӺҿһ˵⳵˾¶࣬¶
ࣿҹʲô࣬Ҿ֪ôȥҶˡ
ҲûĻܵ·мſ˵øͣ£ҪȻ־ʹȥˣʵ߲ˡ
˵жʹ˾˼ȼһҲˣһɲͰѳͣӳ̽ͷСвɣ
磬˳·һ˰ɣ
ҲûɻֻܸЦǴҸ˾˵Ĺ͵͵˳ǰ׵ģϵҲǰ׵ģһȥʱûӰˡ
ʱöҵĽűߣ˾һŵõʱ͵һ


185 ;ĩ·ʱ
ôʡ
Ƕӡ
ҸϽöﱧ϶ûôӣϾҲǵһμ
û뵽ոջһŭ˾Ѿ˳˹
һöﾹȻŵţͷһɪɪ
ʱͼöﱳһ˵ǶһģʲôҶɱôӻǵһμ
һ£ʵ
Ұζһֻ͵˵Ҳ٣ôӣټģˡ
СӼ˵ҽˣҽа㿪ۣˡ

ҵҡҡͷ˵ĸԼĸû
˵갢һ£һתֺٺЦãͲɣǶȥǲǣȥ׳˳һ𡣡
ǺȻקҾߣһӶûʲôøˣһĻЦһͲʲôƲ
ɱϾҪοѾˣһʱҲû˱İ취͸˳
·ϣĵûȣǵǵˮ͸Ƶġ
ţһָ˵ҿӲ񰡣ô㱧Ҳȷźϰɣſģܲˡ
һҲǣöĸͷô󣬺üʮұһ·ȷʵֶˣҲûƴǣСĵذö˺ϣֿʼİ̸
ţȻСƵԺдСӣɱͦذѹ
ûһػСӿҵ͸ƵģһǷˡ
һ·죬ܿ͹ɽ·ǰѾܿеˣ֮ǰ·Եļվͣ˵Ҫͼߡ
͸ǮȻͳʮǮݸ˵Ƕⶼ˻ûԷأæվиȥպϴպϡ
һ⻰ϽͷҲѾһûԶˣϻһǮûУͶˡ
ҲûɣӹǮϽ˹ȥɸܵſھȻˡһͷһȻǰѾųˡ
Сӣվס
ŷӦģСҵӣ
Ķ˵ԵģϽȾ׷ѾˣӵĹ򰢾ѾųﳤȥӰӶˡ
˵⣬ǲõģöûзһӵĲҲǸͷһѣҪСӸȥǻˣ
ԽԽڼҲûãϽ·⳵ʮǮһ˵ʦ͵׳
Ҽǵ˵Ҫȥ׳
˾ǵˣһ˦ǮҲʹ죬Ͻҽ˳ǡ
׳ֵطһ㶼ڳܱߺͱȽƫƧĵطʮӵĹ˾Ѿҷһ׳ſڣҽȥ˰죬ҲûĳֱԼȱۣô˼һСӵĳƺأ
ʱС˵ż˵Ҫ㵽Χķȥңĸ˴ӣ˵з֡
һҲǣȻִҷһãҲֻôˡ
ʮǮҲ˳⳵˾ˣν޷;ĩ·һûţ׳ΪľͿʼңÿһҷ꣬ϽȥûչӣɵõĴ𰸶ûС
һңҾһ磬춼һûͣ½ŲֱѾֶ˫ȷˣҲŲסһƨɾһҷſڵ·ϡ
·һһүǶ޵ֱޣʲô£СûҵүһֵҲû䣬ڵãöҲˣһﻹܸɳʲô£
뵽ЩԽԽ£Լüӡ
ʱȻͼһɫҶð˳ŻСƵģҵԡ
Сֵܣɲ㡣
СƻճڣһӵѾԺд
ǰǰ㣬ɱŰԼ
һ
Դұ︮øס֮ˣҵҲ˸徲һҸֱҧ̲סֹ˵˼Ȱңľǣ˵ΪԹŸ麣ĳ𣬿л𣿻طСʱ첻ǹһŰţҲ˵ǿҳģأֻẦңp㣬ǧ굤û㶼ɲΣأǾȻǧ굤һҵңռҵƤңǻǲˣ
⻰һڣȻЦЦûͦġ
СⲻǶǵȻˣǹοҲ룬Ȼѳǧ굤֮ȻҪΪǧ굤룬Ψһȥĵطռȵܱһֱķɣ
ȱ£ȱ£
أȻͼߵĻСֻһŰ׹ɽҵٵ˵ãҵȶһ¡
㣿ʲôҸϽ
Сִܸо⸽еҵħˣϽҵɹ»Ұȥ
һ⻰ҸϽܣֵʱ·ȥȥ˲٣伸ҷſڳҲ֣ͦҿĸҲǵˡ
ʱһȻͣ˾ӲߣСԲͷϴŸӣһ³ͳҰڰ˵ؤʲôϰĳ
˵קţˣһһ߽ӳ
ֵģʦéɽľ֣¶ð졭


186 ֹ
⻰Ҷľǲʦ֮һ
ʱֻС˵ˣһɺǿ
ľϵĻȻǸŸ֣̫ǿҲΪ
˵ʱһ̴֣ҲֵĽӣҹĻī
˳̰֮ﳵϵһ˷ס˳ţЦǺǵ˵Ŵʦ룬롭
ţͼװڲЬŴͷ˴ӳҡһ³ҸϽ˹ȥסʣλǰľ
һʣһͷһ˵ؤʲô¶
ؤأ
ûصһۣϽֳλŴʦ˵ǰҲǵˣһֱľ䣬ǽ
һʣһ£һͷЦ˵ǵȻʦн塢ӡʦʦˣ˭
Ҹס˵ôأʦӡҡ岻ǶѾ׹̶ˣ
⻰һڣ˵üͷߵСѣ˵ʲôأʲô׹̣ôܱ˶أ
ɵʱۿȥѽ
ҸҪͣȴûлشҵĻȥƺе߳ŭˣ͵ذƿ֮󣬸ǹͷͽ˷꣬һ߻һ߸ͷ˵ҪҪߺܶ˿ģúܡ
ǣǴʦȻġ
ں浱ʱɵۣ˵ô°͸үӦò࣬ɿΪƿɱүԶˡ
ʱͼǸ˾Ѿӷ˳뿪ҪߣҸϽקžȥ
˾һŻˣһ߬סҾͰƣؤǲǣ֪⳵Ǯ𣿹ҹ
Ƕ𼤶𼤶
ҺٺЦ˰죬ǰ˾ŭѹȥϽЦǺ˵治ؤҾ¶㿴㳤ô˧Ǳõģ϶ֹۿ˵۸˵ˡ
һ壬˾סǰҴӳקȥתڳʹ˰죬תͷû˵ʲôϽʣҿæء
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ϰ尡
˾ʮشزûϰ
ҲǸͷ³λ
ѽôʶ
˾һ£˵û
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ղǸˣǷõˣҸϽ˾˵
õˣɾǷõɽʦ̳ˡ
ʲʲô
һ㶣ԽԽͿˣϽʣ˵ʲô̳ˣ
ѽΪһͨؤأĲɵ
˾һ֣ͷ˵ʦûҵʦʱУһͳһոսȥλʦʮˣʦͬʱҲһƬˮġáԼеЭ᳤ΪԶķˮʦ̨ȥüη̸ˡ
˾˵꣬һʱҾȻе˵ˡ
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ˣ˰죬ǸƭӰ
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ˣҿ·Ʈֺģʲô汾µˣȷʵһɺǿҵ˿϶ʲô·
С˵꣬Ҳ˹ϸһ룬ֻһƭӣΪʲô֪£Ȼ˵ľѵʲô·
뵽ҸϽ˾˵ǶȻǷˮʦôǸ㷿زĻ쵽һˣ˵˵¡
˵Ǹ˾ͲͷˣɹҲûʲô¶ּЦ˽䱸Ծһҽ
¶˵㣬ϰ岻˵Ȼô֪ҾɡϰǰʱһĿһĲǨŪ¥̣˷Ѻòװ¥ˣûأ¶ˡ
˵СػŵسΧһ飬սңѹ˵¥տû죬ֹˡ
⻰⡱һ
С˵֪ϰΪɶ˵ȥ˰ɣ֪˶ˣ¥̻ôѽ
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㲻ţҲţ¥أۿһŮԱ˷һͷɢϰ칫ܳͷɢġ
˵Цˡ
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֪ƨϰǱЩǰ춼̽õģû˸ҷϰһ˵ҪԼ¡
СӳĬһϺȻѿ
Ǹһ


187 ðʦ
Ǹ˾ԴԴġ
ز˾иԱΣʮСǸձҵĴѧͦÿҲãԴְϰء
Ǹˣҵ̫ãز˾ϰ͹⡣
ǰץסĻᣬϰ塢ҲǸոǸͷͰεе˰칫ңľ֣׼һ٣֪ԼҵжȻ˵˾ͼװٰοһһӲһƸһ棬һǸŮԱԼҲѹˣͻȻԼϰܳػչˣʽԸЩձҵµŮ顣
û顣
һκݺѵһ٣ѵֱĨᣬʱˣʹװ£úø̸̸ģȵһܳûֶˣ߼װôҵԼԷŮǳƹȥˣĶȥС
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տʼʱͷҲû⣬ɽžͼεɫԽԽף˫ʮָʼһŤſϲԽԽ
һ¹ͷˣΣôţ
βشǹͷվȥˣܵſڣκȻӺ׷һ˫̧ͷĲһ˦ͷôĿͷȻ˦ײ칫ϰӶײˡ
ͻȻ˭û룬ͷһ£˵ϣһ˫ʹӣһӻһ߿˵ʲôΪҳΪҳͷҲŵ۲ҽУƴδȥܡ
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Ƶʱ˶ΪηˣҲʱ¥ԼϰǸ˾Ķ˸ǰƷΰŵøϽܣһܵԱǱθץסˣ۲ҽžͱθ˻ȥ
˶ܳȥ֮ϽɵȾʱǸԱѾθˣǰȻθŰϵƤӵһ룬Ƥӵˣӵɵϴ󶼱ղۡ
ҹ˾˵ЩȻֲ˿ɻǾúе˵˵ˣҸϽʣǸأ
һΣ˾Ȼŵô˸ս˿ĭ˵ΰȾȥʱҲˣôģ붼벻
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˾˵ϽҡҡͷԼҼ˵ȥˡ
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Ҳˣ˵Ҫϰ극ԼҲûϸ죬ĵͦͶԵһľ˴죬˵һûԶˣϽԱС̯ϸŪ˼ԡ
һľĵʮһ࣬żǸϰλʦҡҡλδӷ˳·ƮˣȻûٺȡ
һϰˣ˾Ͻ³Ҳûţ˳ֱЦг˹ȥһ·ЦǺ˵Ŵʦǵ𣿡
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ҶûôأŵƾѾˣҽ˵ʦ˵Ҫȥ£Ҳ۽磬һɡ


188 ̳
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ˣһΪɶ˯ѽ׷£Ϊɶ׷ѽΪ˯£
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ҲˣԴֳǸͷһƲ˵һиɶӣزġ
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ӴҵϸѽͷİɣղԷʱҾʹ绰ȥ׼ˣ̳Ʒʲôģ¥ſ׼ˣֻȥˡ

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ֻ˳ֶԹͷ˵㲻żҽͽȰѷ͹ȥСС¶ҵǶܰá
˸绰֮󣬳ҲѾ֮ǰǸ˾Ҳ˵ˣԭһׯĵƤϽģڽ
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Щﲻɵֹѵ˵ұԻˣʵȷʵʲô汾£
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˳֮źŰѵ۴ϣץľ߬ҡ壬һҡһΣﻹߺ߶
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ְȥĶ
ҹСӽĿˡ
д䣬ýѷ͵ԱߵĹͷҡͷԵ˵ǹǳģ㲻ȥ϶ڶͷϽȥ
󣬴ʦⲻðɡͷŵˡ
ޣôСôϰģ
һ˵ģЩ»ҰѣʦֵԼĶͷϣǹһ¾ͻҷ𡭡
ĵһ˵ͷŷģǰѷӹ水ķԸ˶ͷϣսս¥ߡ
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һһŮ齩Ӳɫ԰ףеĴŮĳ紩һ׳һˣıŵö
裬ѽǲκС𡭡


189 ʦ
溰ʱǸͷѾŵáͨһڵˣŵøû˹ͷƵģֱͦˡ
ΡŹѽҿɻûǱء
ֻǲվţһ˫۾ֱضŹͷ
ҸϽʻСƣҪҪڳ֣
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Сһ˵ҲιĿģϽ̳ǰʦһɨͼֳֽŭ﷢һЦ
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˰죬¥̫ˣʲôû塭
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ҵ찡йѽ
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Сһ߿¥Ĳžͳ˽ȥŵɫףϽӵק˳սսʦ˰˰
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֪ԼôౣܶܲˣҲܱˣһֱۣӰϵҡΡΡʼҡ
ʦʮӡʶϷˣңһ·
һ죬СкٺЦԼҡĶҡãһҡǡ
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ձһţͼȶˣ˫ϥһڵϣսսʵҪʶˣ㣬һ·
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һһʦԭα¶ˣۿǸŮס˾ˣҾȾˣ߬ŰȾǰ塣
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һϽ嵽̳ǰץһɰͳҪй˹ȥ˵ãɰһйϣ۵йˡ
ʱС˵ҡ壬ǹ˱ˣ
ף
ӦһŽżһ˧ؾͽڵϵľץҡһͨҡ˵һйŭس˹צ̳
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ף
ҰջСƵķԸҡʢɰѪմһ£ۿйѾҸϽץһҡʱͼճɰͼѪ˦õǣһɽйϣй۹ֽˣϱĵط̿ʼãðһŰ
һжãйע⣬˧ľ
ɻûأСѾֹɱҲǱȻûԸ⵱»Ұģҵķ
Сһ˵ҸϽҲͷʱͼǹתҪӽ¥ҸϽշԸϵİԾץڰԾͼһģһ˲䣬йǱǿסһžͳԾ˹ҸϽýմ˵㼦Ѫһѹճһſհ׵ĻֽʱйѾһŰ׹˰ԾУҵͷһԾмľһεǽڣйʵʵ桭
죬ҽķ
Сһߴ٣ҸϽԾľתȼŵƣںͼһģžһйѾӰԾڷɳŵƵĵײײˡ
ֽڲ֮մ˵ɰīһڿհ׻ֽϵ֮󣬾ͼйѾֹͣޱڵ
ջСƵ˵Ȼửھ;߱ħֿԼѪЧȷǿС㣬ֻÿհ׷ֽӵɰԷסˣȵվҲ˳չǹ»ҰϵԹƽˡ
һйӲö쿪˻ˣϾҵһԼɹߵļͬſڵϵѾȵĿ˵ˡ
ʱȻ¥ִǹͷ
ʦ
һϵӦ֮壬ɻС˵Ů£ȻҲԩ飬Ͼݣֱӳ
һҲǣҸոշйǱŮ
Сֻմɰľͼſհ׻ֽȥҸϽа죬ľ˰ɰִץһհ׻ֽͳ¥
ʦ㵹˰˱Ѫù


190 
һҲˣϾո׾շй˿ˣҲˡ
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һһװװĺܳɹҳûװһ£
ν֮죬أѪˮǹ鳾ݣŮΣȻˣΪʲôϽȥͶ̥Ҫң
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һ⻰һ£һ룬һ
֮ǰ˾ʱ˵ԭ¥ְͨͨһˣڱϰѵʱȻͷԼԼ
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ѭһ̧ͷֻһŮһϮ۴¥ܷģûз磬ҵͷȴһֱҡڡ
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˵ʱѾͷ̧ˣǺֳһ˵˵ɥֶΣᱻҲϣӵҶҪҪ
Ҫ͵ȹأô˵Ȼүݲħַ
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⣬ô£ϹûʲôЧҾ
ʱСƵдѽѽҶ˵СˣЩ͵ȵĿʬܱģ˵ֻһ룬ĶܴﵽԭЧڰŭˣԼ
ǣǿô죿
ô죿ܰɣ
СƻһڣѾֳ˹ҿɲӦƸˣϽŶ·
һܣ˸סˣžͷ׷׸ŮҲû׷Ʈ¥ſһЦ
ҲûãҪܣá


191 ų
ŮںεĳáŵͷҲһˣͣ¥ſڵĴҪˣ·ѾӾܣһܺȺһ߹ǺĽС
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Ĩһͷϵĺôð찡һĹʦֵ˹ǡ
ү
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⻰ʻСƵģԱߵһΪأȫס
Ҳûа취ֻӲƴ
СƴӹĽħƴĿɲԼĵΪҪҲǿӵġһŵʱԼԸ˵ħһͷԵľȥӲƴ
ô죿
ֱǺŮҪò˽ĻԹԭȻҵԹٽƳȼɡħ˶֪ӣʲôħֲ߶ʮһȥӲƴģֻἤŭͷԼСס޹
һҲǣҸոȷʵ̫嶯ˣתһ룬ҵһ׽ħһҲ㵽ݶѾˡ
뵽Щ˲١
ʱͨһλʦѾͨعҵǰһɲΪȾƣƾͱ¹ȥˣһιΪ
ʦңҹ۲ʶʦɣ
ʲôҪΪͽʦĶʸ㣿
ʦͱ𼷶ˣңʲôƨʦ
̾˿˵ΪԼѧ˲ˣټϳƭôҪǸ˿լʲôģҲûô¶ͣе㲻֪Լ˭ˡ
ҼʱǹͷԱƭӣƭӣ˻ô˳칩㣬㵱ɻɣԭô
ӪֶΡӪֶΡ˵
ǵ̨ô£̨綼¼
ǮˡǮˡ
үģ
ͷúݺһžͰ߷ڵأҪߵıţѾˡ
СӿУƭǮνĻӵȥҪٱ㣡һҪٱ㣡
ңҴˣ֪ˡ
ǹͷȻǱˣҲǣ˭˭Ҽŵŵŵƭ
һѹסŭЦǺǰʣ˵ѧô˵ǵų
ǣǡ
ί˵ʵʦҲʲôϵʦȷʵǵŵˣҸʦ
㻹ţƣͷһš
ίֱĨᣬϽ˵˵ѽʦĵܵܣҸű壬ɽȥ
һ仰ҸˣϽʵ˵ű壿ʦʮĴʦ
ûûҪǲţ㿼ҹɽ¶Ҷ֪
űĵ˭
֪ɣиܵܽǸС꣬ǰɽϾһأһ壬ҴֶŴƣĸҸǰӰĸӡ
ⶼ֪ô˵űĵܵܣǣ͡
ǰʦ
޺˵ŸӣҸҴʮ꣬ɽʱҶǸҸĵһ棬Ͼ࣬Сʱҵɽ͵ģûôѧһҸǳȥ棬ΪһӸһͬʦֵܴˣСֽŽˣҲմ˰Ҹһͨһ͵ǮԼ͵͵ɽ֮ҸҲûϵˡɽҲ֪ʲôմƭҷüҡײƭ˵жˣԺͳЭ᳤
˵ҿЦãŪ˰СɽһͽʱСҲЦѹҸоһɺǿԭʦŵĺˣͲΪˡ
ʱСְҴȱסٺЦ˵ʦΪͽɣ֪ˣҸúѧϰϣ°ѻķϵĵʰզ
ǰҹҪʦǰˡ
һĥ̲סַЦͽûգҸһ۹ϵҵɶʦʦű壬ű磬ҵʦ棬ֵܣűүүֵùһүʦҶүҪͽܣ˵ҳүʦʦүͳӱģңֵ̫ܵү
һۣҰԼˣʱС˵ҿ㻹ȱæ۹ϵˣ˽˽ǺŮ˵ɡ
һҲǣϽתǹͷʵϰ壬˼ŮļҶˣʲô·ܸ֪ɣ


192 ײ
Ķ֪һǹͷסˣ룬Ϊѵ˵ʦ⣬Ķ֪Ҿ֪ǴӺǽлҴ壬Ǹϴӣ󲿷ֶջҹͷͦӲɲǨӹȥʱüζǸˣĥӲڰѺ̹ͬˣŰȺӻߡ
ЩסĶ
סĶסĶ£
ͷ˵ʱ˵ԭطǨⷿҲǷȥˣȻͰȥĶסȥĶסˡ
Լ
ȥˣˣŮǱˣ¶ҹܲˣԼ취ɡ
˵ŻվߣͷŵøϽܹסȣһ޺ʦȰвֻҪҰ¶ãҸ˫֮ǰƭӿھ͸Ҫʮ򶨽Ҹʮ򣡡
һǮҶҡˡ
̰ģȱǮ˵ʮǮĶôŸҪƵݸϰǿɻͣҲ𳵣Ҳˣã
СҲȰ˵ȷʵɺޣվһȣɾеΥˡ
ãҴӦ㡣
һתͷٺЦ˵ǳӦõıꡢԼҪ㾡Ů֮⣬㻹ΪҰһ¡
ʦ˵ҪϱҲϸק
Ǻǣ乷̯ϵϱҲòĶȥҪҸˡҸӡ
ӣ
ͷһ£ҵͷִһȻ˵ôɣôӣû
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ͷᶨһͷϽʣʦҪĻǿģ
Ҫģ
û⣡û⣡
ͷϽͷ˾˵ϽģĲǨӡСһ졢۹˾ԱܽеĶҽӣڵҲҪҳ
˸Ͻͷܵһߴ绰ȥˡ
ûһĹ˳·Ǵ󱼣˾һϽͿǹͷкԭ˴绰ĳ
ͷȹǰһĳţһȥһЦ˵ȸ㿪ƵϢżӻǻҴ¶֮ǰһʵλ
ҵ˵ͷûʱͼųûأಡһ˳ͷһֱñקĶ֪Ҵ˵ʦʦǴѽҼҵطȥҼסȥʲôƵ갡
һֺֿģҵһ˵мˣ˵ľļٵģ
Ȼˣ
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ûƭң
ʦһƬĿ£
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ܿ죬˾ͰҺģͣһŹӵĵǰ̵װ޵ùɫģſϷһҸ֡
á
˳Ͻţһͼӭ˳ŮһˣϽӵʦͰӭ˵
Ҳȥһüһװ޵ͬɫ㸻ûʣмҾһɫľܴ󣬹һ͵öƽף߰źüŶܣŸִŶſڵмλãһŲ̫ʦΣͬһңдĸ֮֡硱
˵СӿûƭŪôطɲǮ
ʱЩŮΧ˲ˮά˵ʦϹץôˣ
ֵֿʼ
Ǿ֪ʦһ֣ʲôħֶù򣡡
Ȼ
üɫ˵ǵʱڳûǹͦģҪһ˰군ˣҲңʦһˣ˵ģ
һʼû꣬Ա߹һŷӦϽҾЦǺ˵ʦȿڲЪ
һʦΧ˶ɵˣһһ˵Ǹʦǿᣬò䵱ʦǲǣ֪ʲôʦˣһֱɽҰǱ˼ѾһٶʮˣΪԼĵҩŷϻͯ
Ǵסʲôʲôһµģһ˵꣬Χġͽ̶ĽݵĿ⣬ȻԻĲǳ
һֳȴ˵Ҳѧǲǣأһźܸӵ̣һֱû̹ҪѧĻÿ˵ټǮѧѡ
ûû⡭
ЩһͶǸӵܣͷʾҪǮһ̾£֮ǰҲү˵ڵĵʿ󲿷ֶ֮ʵϵĿɲˣҴûЩǮ˾Ȼôƭ㼸仰ܼƭ˭ѧ汾»ʲôðҪңҲƭ
Ҷ̫ʦϺ˿ڲ裬ۿЩһľͿʼǮÿɻûȰѲ豭أִһܶһӰŶ룬ͨһ͹˴һʱʹˡ
ƭӣأ


193 ʬ
һ۾ϳƭСӣСһ̧ͷҲѾһϳŵתܡ
㻹ܣ
ܹȥͰ˵ϣһȣһקͷ۾ͺСӣأ
ѽѽѽôҲ
СίƺҪһһˣͼͽͽŻˣϽܹסң̵ʣʦôˣôʹˣ
ܣ˽˶Թ
קСͷǲ֣۵С۽˵ʦ˭ɲܶԴ˰ȵѽ
һֿʼȰңʦǰ˸ˣ˸عߵģʱһ仰رãһֱ£󣬳ʲô£Ҹϻһܣǹ˿Ұ֣ʦɲôԴ˰
ҾôԴôˣҪҰ֣ǲͳүүˣ
˵ŻһקСӵͷͰذһˤƭӣ˵ҵĶȥˣ
ֻӣûһ͵͵ϳʱ֪Ҳ׷ѿ࣬СӺﾫﾫģǧħ˶ץôڸ
ңҰˡ
СһϰʦңҲеˣԴί˵Ұ˦ڼվ֮ûֱ׳ȥңڳתһȦҲŰǳ͹ȥģ׳ԶĵطиרҰζķ꣬Ҹϰͦ죬ÿιǶԣͣ˳ֻˣ˵ôͦģֱӸһ
Сӣҵţ
ֱҧ˵Сӻֱֲͦӵ׳Ҳ׳֮׳ΪģΧķ꿪ʼҵģ˸ػս
ҵһۣϽֶ˵Ǹͺͷϰ绰ŰɣϽ绰ȥҵӣ
ʦȵȣ͸ܴ绰
һʦС굱ʱɵˣ˿ĭȻܹ޺ҪҴȣ˫ȣѾ˱ˣĶٱһΣһžͰ˿ŭʵӦòķרİɣ
ֻСӿ޺ʦ鲻֪ݣ˲С˹һΰɡңҲҪǮ
ȱί˵˵ʲôˣ
ңҼˣ
֣ҾͷۣЩҲǹ֣粻ôɵײˣ
ʱֻСҡҡͷ˵ʦǹǣǽʬ϶ǽʬ
ʬ˵нʬ
һʣСӺݺݵͷ˵ԣʬ϶ǽʬ
СӻŻҸϽ£һͽŮ˱Ȳһƭ¶Ҿηηһ𾴣ֲ˼ٷˣ͵˿̵ŵݸ
Сӡ๾ࡱھͰȲˣ˲٣ǽԴԴ
СӽаϿʱҲ˵ˣסʮһϡ
ǸΪ˷Լ⣬Ա߿յϽ˸СֳҪ
˼ˣСԼӹɱ⣬ĳ͵׳ǮƬʲôġ
ŵǳҪ׳ɱģȥǮؼˣɽΪֻӵ¶ҵ쿪ųܱһһ죬ںŸ׳˳öҲˡ
֮ûżȥϾ׼һǮˣڷӵķϰ˵СƣһȾͺȶˣԼƼݱڳ˯һʱѾǺҹˡ
¼˵ģŸϽظϣĶ֪ûãھһɽ·ʱȻͼ·һˡ
ʼʱûᣬϺȾ˵Ӵ󣬾ֱӿȥĶ뵽Ǹ˺Ȼӭĳͷײ˹ءһײԽѣڵϹʮüԶ
ŻˣϽֵͲ³鿴ûߵʬǰأȻ
˵׳ʱмֻ̫ݵ˼ûҪˣʱǼֻڳϽС
˵Լ˺üˣ˺ѷεؽǵһŻͷֵͲһգͼ˲֪ʲôʱѾĳϣҧ򡭡
һżͿʱǸײԽѵѾӵϴץŰҧһӦϽѿ˵ֵͲһգѽϺüطõģëˣɫҲѩѩ׵Ĵ촽ŵðˡ
Ҳ˲ϱˣϽȾܣЩں׷һӣܵ÷ɿ׷ϣֻȥˡ
֪иãڴ˵ʦţƣ϶üΣ͸Ͻܹˡ
˵ͨһ͸ҹˣ˵ֵܣʦɵþȾҰ׬Ǯ׬һ࣬ǮڳϷأǮŸ轻סԺѵѽҪǶˣңҲˡ
ȷʵûˡ
ʦܼȰҰû磬ھʣ¸Ϊڲ֣ҪǽסԺѣᱻҽͣҩġ
СӱһͨޣһûжװТӣТӣҲǸɻµɰ
ʱСƵĻлصҡ
Сֵܣֵطôнʬأһ¾ͺüֻ㲻𣿡
һ룬԰ö˶˵ôʬѵ¡
ָ׹йأ


194 ץʬ
ϸһ룬ѵ˵麣ʲôϵ
֮ǰ˵׹иܾݵ㣬ͺǱ麣ץǸܾݵȥˡ
ЩʱҲѾ绰˹ЦǺ˵ʦѾܴ绰ˣѾȥǼҷˡ
˵ͷ˵ʦ£ǲǾֹ
һ⻰Цˡ
ѽʦͱˣĶôĹ񰡵ģҪȻҽҲᡭ
˵һϽ죬ûټ˵ȥΪиҲףԶʧ˵¾ɲסߵЩͽˡ
ʵôֹʬû
ûУûУʮˣûôнʬأ
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ɨ˰һۣ˵ȻûнʬΪʲô˵Լڻؼҵ·Ͽ˽ʬ
ԶԶԣǧȷ
ϽͷְѸղŸ˵¶򵥵˵һ飬⻰Ҳɵۣ˿ĭû˵һ仰ŵá
ãҲֻܱˮˣ
һȶס֮󣬸Ͻֳ˵ȻڿʦУǴڿʼҾͽܣͽܣʦ𣿡
ʦԸ
һ˵ҰˣøʲôƵģ˵СҲв겻úɽѧգʿʦⲻвʲô
ЦЦ˵ܸܲ׼ԵģҽһˣԱ˶ӣøŰȥЩʬȥ
һһڣСкҪȥץʬ
ôˣܼܲȰɣ˵Щʬܸ׹йϵҵúúòС
ֿʼͰŵö˵ˣʱһŮͽʣʦʦǸʲôأ
ʣʦ˼ںϵ˵Сǧﴫǲ
ǧﴫС˵书𣿡
죬Դ
һۣϽ򷢼ͽȥԤԵģһĹ򣬾ͳ˼˶
һͳӣͶòˣϽ˦һͨԺ극һĨ죬ַˣϾҲѾһû˯ˡ
һ뵽ҶδĶпϢֳһֱԱźŵʵͽܣľŽʦħȥ
һεͷһת˵ʦⲻðɣľǵŵԸʬͰⱦ᲻̫Сˣ
һ룬ҲǣΪ˵ԭ򣬶ΪϾ⽩ʬ¶ܸ׹йϵ׹һֱҲѰľ䣬һҪǽǵ񲻻ˣ
ҸϽúðѽغã׼˼Ӧ÷֮󣬾š
ߵſȻҸסˣЦǺ˵ʦ۾ôȥǲе̫çײˣ
Ŷ㣬ۻӦôЩʲô
ʲôôֻǮ
һЦֳŸԱߵİ˹ȥЦ˵λСֵܣ׽ʬɲǸ򵥵Ĺ֪Ǯǣ
ҲΪס
˵ֽ˵ɣƽʱأҳȥ¶һħɾ͹ˣ򣬽زȥץ͸ʮҿҲʲôǮˣɣ͵ұ㣬ɡʦһҪߣܲһ˰ɣô˵ҲøʦһĺԲԡ
ôѽ
¶ɫû˵ߣһϽְק˻ЦǺʣСֵܣʲôȥ
ʲôһȥýʬҳ˵ˣ
üչ˵ƴƴԴƭ׬࣬˸β֮⣬ǮҲǺüµĿˣͼҪҿɸ𡭡
ѽأҪһƣǮ֮ô̰ɲðҪſ쿨ܴۡ
һСӱȺ̵Ǵͦ죬ɶʱĶпīһקŰЦİɣҲǮȰ£ҴһٳˣǣҪӳʲô¶һһٴһ˵
Уû⣡ͷ¶Щϲ
ȫϲòˣһƲ˵ʦǲ̫ˣҿϹרõĴʦܲܰɣ
ðȥֻûͽܵˡ
˵קŰߣˣֻܻͷҲ˳
ѾǺҹˣʱҪĴȥɲף˸ͽܰԼĳ˳һԵСӵˮ㡣
ͽ³֮ԿʹǳܿͰհָʾʬ·ֳ
ӽµصʱСƵȻִԺȻʬ׶ԸҲиѷ׼á
ҵͷǿʼеĶľҲ˳
ʱʵʦʬֶأͦõģһֱҲûңͽҲһֱûץǣ֪֮Ӧôأ
۲ǴŴ׷ˣʬŴ׷ңŴ׷ʬ
⵹ûûСƽ̣֮ǰô£ԼѾ֪ˣְһӴָˣ˵⣬ûȹѪĽʬʬͺأǶһ͵֤á
˵ʱȻͼǰһָŵ˵ҵĳء
ҳǰһȻ֮ǰ˳·ʱСͣ·УΧȴһӰ


195 꼻
СмԶʱѳͣ붼ûͿ˳
Ͼʬͼˣһ¼˼ֻڻʲô£
Ҵҡھͳǿ˹ȥͰĵҲװ³ҸϽͷһָ˵ǱһΣҿɱǡ
һŻ˸Ͻ˳ѳŻϡ
ûǣߵǿդĳһļֻѾȫѪһĿžͿ
Ͽһ£Ȼÿֻ϶ǶżֻǱʬҧˣǱֻʬһҧġ
Щʬأ
һܣûκεķ紵ݶͷǰһ·мմһѪȻ֮ǰײֻʬʱµġ
ĥôЩʬʱСƵȻд
С󡣡
һ⻰ҸϽͷͼһֻѪ۾ӳҡҡλվ۾һûУﻹż
ôҲ佩ʬ
ʬʬκﶼãɲи
СƻճڣѾ˹ֻǰᵣҵļҧңзհֻӵѾ͵͵߬Ĵţһ죬һѾͽ˭֪ǽʬһЧûС
ʱֻС˵ûõģЩŸãʱ֮Żʬ
ô˵
ۿֻʬҲҿɻˣŲŰȥ
𼱣Ŵ׷ĿڣľǻԪ񣬽ʬơ
С˵ʱѾ˹ǰ˸ڴ䣬װĶŴ׺Ŵ׷ۣһ˹ϽץһѾͳǽʬȥʱʬһҽУˡ
ҳûǰһץһŴ˫߬ľݺһ̣Ӧزˡ
ʱֻѾ˽ʬҲ˹編ƣͰЩȫˣջСƵķԸڳϷһѻ𣬰Щʬʬ嶼ˡ
Ҹ³ͼѾŴӰԵ
ѽʦҵĳѽһҪأ
żЩʬ嶼սȻˡ
ҺٺһЦʱѾ˼ʻһһߺҵǮڳأǧ𶪣ǧ𶪰
˵һקžϳһȲŸոһӰѾӳ͵һ´˳ҸϽֵͲգǸѪˡ
ûȰӦѾڵϣݺһھҧĲӡ

һҽУһǽʬҧסվվˣֻʣ»鴤һɻˣϽ˹ȥû˵ľѾ׼ǽʬͷ˦˹ȥ
͡һ⾫׼˳Žʬ̫ѨԴľаܹǽʬĶܵˣʱվûȷأҰγһѾɤۣ˳ץһŴһǽʬ£ͨһ͵˵ϡ
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ҷ𰢾ʱѾһϢˣ۾ųķ򣬼ѵ̧̧˵ǮǮ
ƲҲ˳һϽ᷽ܣһ֮ڳҵţƤֽװŲǮ
һжӯ߬Ű˵ֵ㰲ȥɣǮҾһʣһƻ
⣬ǮǮǸ衭ġ
˵ôһ仰ͻȻشȥҲûһˡ
һһʻôûˣҸϽʵСƣûоȣ
С̾˿˵ǽʬƫҧĺûˣʬ崦ȻĻò˶Ҳɽʬ˵ġ
С⻰˵ףɿǰһʻôʧˣôµȥ֣
֪ģ˵֮ǰһֱͦᰢƭӵģ¿ĿҵȻģָоǰƺûй
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˵Ҳֻ֪֪ҺСӣöҲδ飬͸ǧвŶԣҲǸˡ
Ǻǣô˵ôҺ˽⣬ΪҾﰡ
ô˵ˣǶԣǴأ
ǶԣҲǴѾѧ
СЦЦһԺҿóڣΪ츳ĽħҴˣҲʽϲģҲܿóһЩν֮ϵģһųħܰģһħ˵Ҫġ
ҪʲôҪģ
һŶðݵģԼΣ֮أóԿɱնħȻѾͨϸħ˵ĵ·̤˵һ
ħˣԼͲħ̸ʲôħˣ
ҿЦһȻɳأߵǰҵƤܴܳ˵ڵϵİ֮һѻȼ
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˾һĲֵȴ꼻һţ̰쳾Ը뿪
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ĬһҺȻͷͷֳһЦ˵뵱ͽǲǣ
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ЩΪ˵ҲΪϧѪͳ˵ʦѪҵɾʹˡ
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һʱһ˵ʦѽã˵ղſɰŵò壬ȥ
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ʬɲԽޱʬѣôӴܻӵĶȥ϶ҪӻԼѡ
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ȻϣֻʬȻ׹̵ܻ


197 ˮ
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198 ٴη
ϸ۲ѾߣߵͷΪһĺǼһ⣬ȻͷӶߣһβͶǼģβȴβһβϸҲ
֮⣬ĵطǸҲûʲôϸŵƬȫǺģ㣬ϸ۲ȷʵܿӦһûͷ״壬кܶ಻ͬġ
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Ȼˣֻ̱ڵϣָڲסس鴤š
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ɱǳһ޷ж治Сһβ;Ͱҳõ˺üڵϣٿߣѾֳѪ̽ͷ
ŵѽѽˣڿʪĶˮһżָˣټڿһˮɫüһͼϺһȥˡ
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һҲԣǴɨβ֮һ˹ȥͳġߴ硱֮һȥ
žһ߱ҴƤֱð̣汻ˣ̻Դܴ󣬺̶ܴʯұڶһҪԭϿ˩ШӾҡҡ׹ˣֱһ𣬰ŲʱͨһѾˤˮ
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С죬̤ʵҵģҲ𽥰
ұ۾ԿԸоǹǧ굤磬һ̧֣ʳָָѾðһŰĹָһǺɫ˳ˮƮΧת
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ǺˣһСҲͰ˾ʮķһˮֱһѾͷεҵԣҸϽ˳ץסդúҲקȥѾҵ˴룬ΣҲʹק
ȻˮԸǹ濹⣬һʱƴѽѷ֣ҲβȥǹҲ԰קˮ¡
һ֮󣬺Ȼͼһ죬һعֽ͵ֻץסդһüһդ̱קñΣžͼ罿СӰ˳դ˳
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ҳûϽ˳ûԼΣѾһѾסҵȣһֻֿסǹ߱˺ѵ죬ø첲͹դ˱УƴžΡ
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ʱƯԱߵĻСƺȻȵضź˵˵ôȥҲˣܲܺʲôħְɣ


199 ʵ
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δŵСƳˮʱѾҵԺ䲻֪ǲҵǶҲͬð̹⡭
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һἰ︮Сƶʱһø׹̣û뵽ѾչֵزˣҪǵ֣︮ҪˣСֵܣ鷳֪ͨ︮ˣһ׹̵ıóѣ
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ģһ⻰Ҳɵسһۡ


200 
ʱ˵ʦҿۻǸϽ뿪ɣƵطɭɭģҶ
һҲԣ˵û׹̵˿أ˭֪ʲôʱͻᱻǷ֣ڵ״̬ǿӦǿԱ˿ɾ˵׼ˡ
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ӶǸϽӿٶԭ··ߣڣΪô·ûʲô˵ĹϵջٵİʬҲ·ߣƺû·˱
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⻰һȻ򣬶԰ؼʱô⻨СƸˣ
ʱֻС˵Ҫ⸿취һһʩ䣬ԼڵĵԪΪǿн忪
˵ɨһۣƲ˵һǴﲻˣЩˣûһܳƵǸֵģôֻõڶַˡ
С˵Żֳ˹ȥЦ˵ҽǲǣڶַԲҩԶĽ䣬ⷽҴδ⴫ǻ֮ʲôˣҪԸæĻǵԡ
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201 
ͷһŰҼ˸ǺϽӭȥöڻˣ
߽һȻ;е㲻ԾȻͷɫö࣬ǷһһſҺϤͷϻŸӶķ

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˵ųɫĹͷŬ죬ֺٺЦ˵Ⱥͦᰡžž˵ҪôӣǶʲộһ¾֪϶öŪˣǰءֱֲӹȥǴ°ŵԱиƷ꣬ҾڵؽȥŪ˸ˣװǰһתٺ٣ҸˣզǶǲǱѩ
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202 Թ
ԴԴϻĶ࣬ǸпģҺüζȥ
֮һܽᣬʵ¶Ҳͦ򵥵ģڴߵ˯ʱ˸ĢСһСҲ֪ĶôøУʱһˣȻͼʳĻ˵Ӧǡ޷԰ΡİǸҲǻ硣
Ȼͱףŵûܣ׷ܣ׷ܣ׷׷˼ҴȥˣҴ嵱ʱһٶˣΪɽĹɽˣһʹûüܣȺүǶΧȦ˸ڶˡ
СӼǳԲǴ򣬺˼ҹ͵͵ǱػҴ͵˼ȥֱǸ·ˣ֡
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Ƴһۣм˵˵ûĻ㲻о㶮𣿰ͼ㶮𣿾ֻΪ˻ʵԷѡ
˵࣬һҪģ
û磬һֶ˵֮󣬻Ҵͳˣ¶֪Ϊʱһû뿪˵Ҳߵġ
˵ҸϽʣǻ絽ΪʲôģΪʲôֻôԹ
ѳ飬Ϊ˵ʱ·Ǹ
̾Ϣ˵еǸСʼ˵ϾϿ·Ҵ壬ס˼죬𿴻Ҵ岻СɶûϰǶϱĹѴ廨ˣĲɣ˵ʲôޡ
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ͷϣֲȰֻܵȼ˶ˣ˵û뵽ǸŮһαҾǰ衢ֱͬԹжҶóΪʲôҪ·ϵ
ױ
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ҸпʱȻͼһ׹Ѿ÷˳֮󣬻СƵ̴Ժлص
ôһ˵ֻܱлҪϾôĹ»ҰԹ̫ǿͶ̥ȸʱܸǿ˺ü
Ǹô죿ѵܣüͷʡ
СдһҪܵģֻĿǰͲĶ֣ҪŮȡ
ôȡ
СƺٺһЦСӣɾͲˣѾܶæˣҪʲôָңʲôʱܳɳأ
һҲǣС⻰˵ûԴ֮ȷʵӦֵö࣬һҸһڲĹʲôأ
ãԼ취
˵̳Ĭ취˵ףô밡
ʱѾ˵ѾŸľ裬ʼǵĺ󱳷ҩǿʼģҳüչ˼ʱͺȴ˷ֱܵȡ
ӣǺܿõˣ㿪ģ
İҶ˴ϡôˣ

Ļһ£˵ɶˣʲôл׷׻䣬Чͬǲܸ潻棬ڲʹ
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203 
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붼ûʹǰˣŹ֡
˵ֽ꣬ʵҵȻ֪ǰյҵۣˣǻͶ̥𣿡
һʰѴҶסˣ˲ѻȸ
һʵǲѵʱǸĻٳӶ⻨Թ
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ȷʵǸ⣬һԡ
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ʱѾˣϵ벻֪ʲôʱ򱻰εˣҲ֪˭ŪһŴϣԱ硢磬绳ﻹ˯ء
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ȴҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̣ǲǶ飬һ·ϡлչңҸܽǮģ͵һ⡭
һܣǹͷͷεЦѽСС£ҳݣҳݡ
ΣҲûдʱ˿̵İΣֵݹʱȻߵĸµСһĶܿó֮ǰչСʱĴģ
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ЦŰ̽˹ŰҲ΢Цŵͷ̫ү

ҴŰ͹ͷߣ硢Χأʲôô迴࿫Ůͽ͵ġôƭ˵ġôħ͵ϴġôȶ˶ƬһޣڶӸͽܴġ
ȻˣһС˵©˵ġ
һǽȥҲϽΧʳʶ̣ʱöȻûϢǸĸѾˡ
˵Ŵӿڴͳһϣֻ򡭡


204 ͨ
ҽӹ忴˿ʰ˵ʲô
ǻҴ崫Ķһֱڴ峤ﱣܡ
ûȰڣͷѾٺЦ˵Ҷû뵽ͷȻżŶҪλʦŮ°ͷסˣóء
ˣ
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ѽʦˣҿӴ峤ģʮǮء
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ܺã֪־͹ˡ
ЦЦϽ˵ƭӣ׼һڴǮڤֽд
Ҫʵ
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ȴҡҡͷ˵ҪҲһЧУϣԽأлĳɹʾԽߡ
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ǴҲֻܶصȴߵӣǳȥֳ˶ٷĿͣһֱ˵лǣǺɽģǸͳԲ¼ڣңﵣĵȫöİΣѾˣɹͷɳȥȴûκε
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éɽлѧĵڶˣ˵ֻùΣǻҲˣȼֽǮһС
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ȴҡҡͷ˵Ǿ͸ˣҪ滹ڵظ桢߻ǹ»Ұһļ仹ǴڵģͶ
˵ҲԣѾΨһͻƿˣһҧһۣ
ҸϽִл꣬Ȼٳü̩ȴҪҵһ
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ʣҿɾˣ˵ŵҲˣҲˣΪʲôͿԣͲУ
ȴٶҡͷ˵һ㣬ǧ˶û֪һڵ˶Ϊŵ·֮Ͼɽǧֵͬʱգġ
˵Ϊѵڿô찡ܻ֮ܲǰһȥǺŮӲƴɣ
Ҫԣ
ü˵ϡ
ԣʲôð취
һһ꣬С˵Ҳͨ
ͨ
һ㶣ͼ˵ͷ˵ûͨǱˣ񣬿ͨһûԹ֪ܲС
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˵ʱͼİȻ˫ƽӡžͼӰһΣһ׹Ѿϡ
ǶҳˣԱ߿һ͸һһǹûãܿɫʼףһŽһŵؿʼӶͷ»
üͷʼǱͻȻʹһ
ôˣ
ҸһʣԱ߽˵ǻϣʲôѣŻ˽ʹ࡭


205 ֮
˽ţҲ˼Ͻʵǿô죬ܵ취ɣ
Ȼȴҡҡͷ˵ûõģظǸﲻæȫԼˡ
˵ͷͷǵ̲סʣƭӣСʱ뿪ɽˣΪʲô֪ôࣿ
һ£ٺЦ˵˵뿪磬ǱϾʦĺˣ֪ıǶһ㣬ҲûʲôԵİɣ
˵ʱȻͼ忪ʼҵزﻹʹһǶˣҽŵĶʼð
Ȼֻһ׹ٶڰϣȻ˫ۣʱһǾʧ롭
ôû°ɣ
ҸϽŷסͼ촽˫Ŀ񣬻˰ڻ̾˿˵ҳô󣬻ǵһͨû뵽Ȼôѡ
ôˣͨʧˣҸϽʵ
ȴҡҡͷӹݹȲˮһ֮󣬲˵ҳɹˣҸ˹Źء
Źأ֣ҵĺ󱳾Ϳʼˡ
˵ͷ˵ܵظŹءСĪŹܵظĵһؿҲǹ治׼ͨУͽȥոռֻڹŹңͨҲʹõŽߡĵطñĹ»ҰѲ
ô죿ҽŵʡ
ȴͶůůһЦƺոյĽſ־Ѿһɨ⣬ֶ˵ǱżոұסֻǹϣѾ˾飬ȥһΣһá
˵ųһ֣˵Сǿңƺܴ˼֮µ䣬壬˹ŹغҲҵǸ̩
Ͻ彻˰ͼҧָѪдһ䣬漴÷佫ãԼĻ˫ʮָٶȽӡۼ䣬һɫѾִг˳ȥ
ֻܼԱ߰Ϣ˵ˣ˲𣬲ѧǿ졢ΪǸߣȻ紫˵Ƶģ෽㡭
ǹͷû¶Ա߿ɵۣĿ˵ǰһҲ̫ѹˣȥҲͦáεĻû˻ϲȥֵطΰɡ
ôһ˵ȴһӶʲô˵ͨ˵ΣԿǺܴģΪ˵ˣĵطǿ¼֮أأȥ˿ǻٶġ
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ͷһۣðϵľ㣬ƭӣ˵ǰﻨ˶Ǯϴ椶ӦȥʲôҶһ㣬أͻң
Ҳʾ˻ñƭƭǮҾǽٸƶˣ
ۿžҪȫѾ˲ˣĿר־ڰϡ
տʼʱ򣬰ɫƽǺָ֮ܿǰǴһʼ궯鴤ͷð亹ɫԵñ֮ǰǴλҪӵʹ࡭

ҳŽ˼ɰûκεĻӦֻԱֽǵ˵ˣ϶ֱʲôסˡ
ʱСҲԺ֮̾˿˵Ϊˣ⺢Ȼûʲô飬ǵһͨµظĶ㵽Ѹֶ궼źλסҲġ
ǿô죿ҸϽŵʵ
Сȴ̾˵ûİ취ȫÿԼˣһ뷽跨ӻܣ¡
ʲôҸϽʡ
ͬȷʵʱ޵ģһʱܻǹϣͻữΪɻңҲ
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Ҷʱ⻰һڣҲʱסˣ˲ѻȸ
Ĭһ£ŸϽʵС㣬ո˵ʲô
ոաСƸҡһʱڲܻǹϣᡭ껯Ϊɡ
һʱҲСʱ
絹һϽһʮһչ˼ӡ
ʮһ뿪ģҲ˵ҹһǮû͡ͻزˣ
ĬĬףһʱҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ƕţˣôô򵥾أ
Ա߰ο˵⻰һͷϵ統͸һͣõ˵ɣȥ԰
ҷ˺ᣡ
Ҳˣ˵ҵʲôطˣΪʲô۸Һ۸ǲǣ
˵껰һͳ˹ȥûҾͿ۸ôţ
Ū㣡
ʢŭ֮£һ˾ײϣһţ͹ͷҲʼֵķҡ
ɾʱһֱİȻۡһһѪŵԲ˫ۼٵش˼ûǷӦѾ˵ϡ

ҶŻˣæȥ鿴һ̽Ϣûκεĺ
㵽׻ûа
Ҿŵؽţȴһ㷴ӦûУʱֻСԺ̾˿˵ˣӦ䱻ɱˣѾˡ
ұ죬ûô׾ͻ
Ҿŵؿʼѹ࣬ͣغХֻ֣Ͻѹһֱӣȴһûһ˿
ǱÿʼڵϿ


206 ɱ
ޣҲûã
ҶŰʬ壬Ҳķңպúö˶˵ˣôˣôҲ˰
Ĭһ֮һۣվͺҪȥȰ
ȰȥĶȣĨ˵
ϻȻȥȣǶ껹ǶǣһҪһСƣҳ
һͼһ׹ɳСǰ
СƣôҲ︮ϴ󣬿϶жԲԣҪµظ
˵꣬СȴΪѵҡҡͷ
ʵû취Թͨ߷ĪἰǸ׹̽ǾˣͬҲܴˣǶһ޶ġ
ܾܲôţʲôæﲻϰɣһ껹ڵظûҷҪ
Ķ취
Сư̾һüͷ˵ǡ˲Ϳ˳ȥˣ
⣬
붼ûͳҰѲ˵
ʦɲܳ嶯
ϽҴȰ֪ǾȰУҲżɷŰװ״Լ
㶮ƨ
ҵһۣϽֳС˵Сƣܵڵа֮ǲǣԣһ⣬ˣǧ굤ΣյʱԼңܲܰʲô
һ˵⻰СЦ
˵ȥ˼ȷʵʱסһʱҲѣ
ⲻ͵𣿻ʲô
ҪףҪٻֻ¾һˡ
û⣬ҪǾȰֻҪѰ˾ˣҪǾȲˣνֵһ·и
˵úãСҲȥ
˵䣬Ѿվ˳Ҳվ˳ʾԸһ
ʱֻͷɨһʣô
㵱Ƕвȥ
˵껰һѰ˻ݺݱһ˵̫蹻˼ˣҾ֪ȥģ
˵Ҳȥء
ûѻ˵꣬Ѿס죬ݺ˵һ˶Ҳ汳
һѾЦЦȺģϽֳȥҰѵǸҪɱ
ʦ嶯
ҪֹҵʱͼˣϾڵϦīһӣͶһӵΣա
ɼҪϽ˵ʦҲǲȥӣұǶżֻǡǿɲô̵ķȥҵи⡭
ƨţ
ʦȻԵһϲͨôҲо˼ʮҽڸҩ֪ʶұЩרҵҽϤǵʮʱһһﱻƭĳѰ𣬷ǵҪŪңҲ֪ôźãһֱݸĿصļҩɶҩթ
թթǼĻǵĻǻ²ظȥҾʵ
˵թʵ͸һҵʱԸоԼֻĸоһôнҩֻҪһСʱ֮ڼʱýҩȻϴθһļܰ˾Ȼʱǻ˼˾ˣһ֪ҵϸͽܸϽýҩңȻ͵ҽԺȥϴθҲŽֻ˹
һ취ǲ˵ΣգΣԺС
ʱȴüͷ˵ݱݸĿļأҩһʱڱýҩϵԽþԽΣգɾʱûԹ֮ǰǴΣӺ͸ϽԽҩˡ
Ҳ˵ԽýҩԽЧҲܳŲ˶þˣԲԣ
˵ͷ
Ѿ˲ЩˣϽָȷһǲǣԴǵرʾȷʵģ붼ûٶ룬ϽȥҩҲøϽǸ
ͷæܽ׼ҩʱǹͷ˵ʦƭ˵Ҫϴθǲǣ̸ңҽԺˣһ绰ϴθ豸̧Ƿȥϸҹ֤ƽ¡
ãǾȫˡ
ѶҸϽͷж׼Ӧ֮ʱСưǼ׼Ľеһߣֶ˵ǵĳ֣˵ȫ֮ߣǻҪó֮ģϾһ˿»Ȫȥεġ
ͷİɣǶ׼ˣ˾Ǹһĵͷ
ɻСȴҡҡͷ˵ҵĵĲ㣬סǹʱǧ굤ʶѾһǧټưĻģԸõģҵĵǼ
С˵ɨһ硢˵ǼסĻǳϣ÷ǳɲһ£ڶǿȥ֮ǲͨͨԩѣκηʧЧҲ˵ǣǾֻܸˡȻû¹ȪҲ֪жֲ޷졢úڰײ֣ĵԨǧҪСİ
С˵꣬붼û͹ЦСƣͷİɣԼģȻö⣬;Բı䣬׼ˣ
˵Ҳ˵ͷ籧ڻһҲְԴͷƵģöˡ
һĹѾһ͵ҩ˳ԶǾŵһɿɬζ
˵ʦҩöˣһСڣɡ


207 Сֶ
ʦǧüҵĻ
ҵͷ˹Щ͵Һ壬ȻһʣʻС˵ˣ˵ǰҵ˰ô֪ͨأ±ûе绰ʲôİɣ
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СЦ˵Ǿ˰ֻ֮Ͻ֪ͨǾǼͿˡ
ҵͷǸϽûСֻص֮УҪҩСƵִԺд˳СֵܣһҸոûҶ˵֮󣬿ǧ굤һûҪռ֮ǰֻͬʱǧ굤һ𣬿Ǹճʱٶãǧ굤Ʊڷ͹ʱռݣ㡭ɾͻزˡزϵĹëýԤͬʧ
ոΪʲô˵üͷʡ
ΪסʱڣѾʼ˽ˣҽ˵ǵİΣ϶ֹȥ𣿡
ٺ٣Ȼᣬһ˹͵û˼
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СԺйЦ㾡ȥɣֻҪһһ˿Ҳᾡ赲ǧ굤Ĺơ
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˵͹һڣհݸ磬͸оͷʼΡ
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̵ֱۣôˣΪ˾ȰʺҲԣ
˵Ż͹ڣһĵĶҩˡ
Ա߼ֱš
զ㶼ô
Լײǽȥ
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˰֣Ҳûİ취ˣֻʣµҩһһ߱Թ˼ҲҶӣ˵ϱӵȱʲôˡ
˵أȻͼһžꡱһϾˤˣžͼ緭Ű۵ڵϣһغ
Ա̾˿˵ҩӵĶԣɱҩأôɾͷҿѱܲܰȻ
˵ʱҺȻ͸о𽥱ƮնǰȻһڣҲڵϣû֪
ڤڤ֮һƬεغڰ֮УԼԼʵػܿΧˣ͸о𽥵ߣǷһȴȫоԼ壬Ҳ
нвʱƮȻ͵һ¾ȥһ޵׵ԨԽԽþ棬Ҳκοץס塭

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ѭ˹ȥǰ棬ͼһ֧ŶӾǰؿȫɫ԰״ͷɥģеϻ鲣еԽ˳ԴȻڷġ
ǻ賤޵ĹףӾ͸պһһޱ޳ֱë𻨣ĹƤҽҽ޺ЩҵѾ󷢻
̧ͷǰĹؿؿڴϷѪɫĴ֡Źء
ǹؿһյյ͵̽յưΧ磬һʮͷֿÿһɥõӣڹŹس¥һŭΧӹйѲߣȻ䱸ɭϡ
һƯʯ·ӹŹعؿһֱͨ޵ĺڰ֮Уһֻ޴Ĺ³ͷƵģЩڹؿǰųӵĹǣؽعߵļ飬ȻԾǡ޹Ѫȥ
Ǵ˵еĹŹأһȣû뵽ЩΪֻ񻰴˵ĶȻʵڵģ˵ѵֻΣ
뵽ҸϽԼϺݺһ£һ㶼ۣҲΰɣ
ʱ򣬾һٺЦԼҲûãֻǸѣǸоһʹġ
һͷһ߹
أҸϽ
żȥЩ¶ˣںӡ
ôˣҸϽʵ
ʱͼԶ·һŬ˵ǲǶء
һһһʯͷԱߣи˶ڵϱǡ
ҸϽ˹ȥ硱ȴûǣýںһģŻתͷŵҵʱ͵һ
˫ٶȱĵģ̹ƺˮʱˣĿżҲѾ˳ģˡ
ʱϳǺûʱ˵㣬ܿˣ֪ڳ󡭡
磬ôˣ
ң˭
վֳֻ˵㿴
ҵͷһ˫־Ȼ˵ɫָҲɫƺ𽥼Ҳ͸һǳǳɫۿźҪʧȥɫˡ


208 ʵ
磬⵽ô£ΪʲôǶúõģȴ
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⻰ҸϽӭȥקתߣ쵽ڹŹǰŶӵ֧мλãǰһָЦ˵ǿ쿴˭
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ЦЦ˵ùΪʲôҼǵ㲻Ӧñ︮˸𣿡
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ͼùǰĹŹһָ˵ȻҪŹأͶ̥ȥˡ
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һ˵ùʱһЦ̾˵˵Сù̫أŶʱͼԺȻһ񶷣Сǰλûüܣһֻ˻ǣҺһˣܳûͱֹĹһУҲɢˡ֮ЩŶӵĹͲٿˡ
˵ոһ񶷣ҸϽʵ
ǵù̵˵ͷ˵ǣǶ֮ˣСԼǵӣСûüһѱ˱ѹ˹Źء
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˵ʱͼѾֳùʵù¶Ķʲô·
ƺһӹٱꡭ
ù˵ЩѾڹŹ̾˶꣬ԸŹȥҲ뿪ľͳŹǰһԣһֱǵϴԳǡʵۡɸ硯˵ŶӵĹǽѲͨĻͻᱻһٱСʱҲδ⣬ЯЩǮŲڲⶾְ
⻰ˣ˵ʲôֶ˺У¾ȻҲжرѣ޷ˡ
һ˵¶ҵһӾ뵽˸⣬һЦ˵ùЩĶȥǡ
ѽӣǧܰЩɲöԸ
ܣ˵
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ãظܣǾظܣ
˵žҪǰߣȻһͻعͷΪù˵ùҶ˹ϲˣ֮ǰǲæҲеһԱˣܷԹȥͶ̥ҲǺһ۵±Ӽ
˵һùϾȻ¶һĨ̾˿˵⻰ǲ٣ӦλҰ֮󡭡ҡҲͶ̥
Ͷ̥ѵ㻹߲ɣҹЦ
⻰һЦҸ˵ͼùصͷϽӶ˳˵ʶԵҲԵλΰԸٶȸ桭
֪ģʱ仰ҾȻĸжһ룬СȻùһֱҲǸð֣ǸϽȻͷ˵У治ԸͶ̥Ļٸֵƴһΰɣ⻰˵ǰͷºΣգ˵Ҫ
Сһ꣬ûˣֺξ֮У
ģǾ͸ߣһȥʶʶλνʵۡ
˵ŻͳԶɽ˹ȥֵҲϽ
ŶӵĹȺǰ˴ԼףѾСɽ£һջͨɽϡ
Сɽߣ͸԰ɽҲ࣬һɽҲŸСͤӣɽԼԼܿ
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ߣӵĹѾɽˣһǰͤӣͼŮŴʮˡеרĴƣе죬иͷĴӣһﻹŸŮ
Ҿȵǣͤӵ棬ͣʮĦг
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209 Ѫսɸ
ù̧һָЩĦг˵ЩĦлֵģʲôӱ䣬ӦоУҵһŶʱŹһĹ꾹Ȼ̹ˣԼ̹ӣһӾʹûɢˡ
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֮ǰǴŮϽӵʱͼˣһվͷ˵һ׾ϣ˵ĶС飬ǲǣ
⻰Цˣ˵˭ûŹܰ
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һ˵ǴӾȻЦץǣ֪ÿТЩǮǸץǣǲԶϲ·𣿹Ҫ˵СӵûǣӾǿ˳ۣôأ
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һǮ¶һˣЦ˵ֵܻи֮룬磬Ǹ·ѣȻΪ㱻ץȥˣ֪ܲܰæٰŪ
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ոǷҵһ£˵ѽλʵۣòǡ
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ʱҲע⵽ȷʵֻһǺֱײ治öԸ˵Ҫһֱôȥûɢɡ
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˵ͷܣ硢Ҳ׷קϡ
ɽ³壬۵ֱͷɻͷһǴҲѾԼĹĦг׷һ׷һ߳źЩ绰ˣֵܶ⼸СһҲŹ
ǰܣǾĦں׷ʱɽ¶ʱ
ɽ;Уͼһɽһһ˹ȥɽϽһͷŹŹȥʱһѾۼ˰ʮ˵Ķ飬ǰͷһŶʮŹĦгں棬ٺ滹źüʮܲġ


210 ɱŹ
⻹꣬Χһּ𱭳Ѿ˹˵ʵۻ治˵Ȼô
ǿ嵽Źʱͼ׷ĴӴĦгָŹصǣŶӵĹȺһŭ𣺡ֵܵĶվǡ
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һЩҲͦŵģƹŹǰûô¶Щûɶɡ
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ôһֵĻ̻̣ŶӵЩ궼ɵˣϽɢ
ǸɸƺҲǸˣڻûʶҵĵˣһߴѾۼ˶˵Ķǰ壬һָǾСӣվסܣӲŪ㣡
û̧ͷų¥ϵĹǿˣСӣҪŪǡ
¥ϵĹؿ̲סˣͼһٶȻζӣһŭ𣺡ȫ⣡ӭս
һʱ䣬¡һ˶ĹŹѾ쿪һ̹ǵ̴ӹؿŰ
һɷʮḷ́ͼһ׵ĹѾŷӴӹŹ߳һҲİٺˡ
ǰŹֳֹܣŹֳֳǹǰļϣں漸Źֳ䵶ܣŹ֣Ȼ򲽳ؿ
ôõĻҿɲܴϽͣͷֳ׷ĴӺʵ˵˰ɣǵظͿˣ
Ҿôһ仰Ѿöﶼʼðˡ
ǵظðȻǵظˣͲµˣÿТôǮڳԺңΪоӾ˲Ӹƴˣ
˵ŻֳߵֵǺ죡ˣٽˣֵܶҽƴˣ
ƴˣƴˣһȺʱ
ۿ˾ҪɱһǼϽ㵽˹ŹعؿԱż̵¹κأգۼĹ򣬾ɱҽ
ǰͷŶĦгĹײڶƱĳǹͦǹʹ̣ĹҲϳ¥Ź뷢еĹֱӱĦгײҷɣеĶҲøƵģüĦгײƵĶֱӱĳǹ壬ǳ棬ȫһƴɱĴģս
ķҲܿͱǳײñΣʱֳ䵶ĹҲʼǰ壬ǻսһš
Ƕ¹κ濴ţˡ
˿ĭ˵ѽСǲܴˣ
ҿ񡣡
ҲֱɵˣŹǰһսɶʱˣҲܲôˣйںͶǼսҸϽкĿĹŹܣһŸϽѰ˵
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Ķп߬ŵǿʯͷûأǹϾͺ˹ȥ
ȰҪֱɱȥ
һ𣬴ҸҾ壬Ҳ׷ûܳԶȻһҽУ֮ʴҸϽͷȥͼΪĬĬĺ磬Ѿһǹ̴ǻ
硭
ҸҪܻȥһѾһǹݺݴ˺Ķӡ
һ˫ãȻضǣ컰ȴѾ˵ˡ
磡ͦס
һʱˣѪӿȥȺ磬ȴסǵȥ·ȥڹȥҲȲġ
˵Ҳһͷʱס
ͼǹĺ磬ϵɫȻ˲ּһ㣬ţͷʼɸʼ𽥱ףڳĿżҲҰ׵ÿʼ
ȥȰʦ֣𣡹ܣң
Ȼһŭ𣬽Ÿ첲һգ͸ǹˡ
סȫӦˣʱѾһһĹһҽУһȻ鴤ſʼð̡
ʱּһȺѾ˹һȺҲѾ˹Źعؿڣ羹Ȼһӵץضϵǹɱ䡭
ڰϣˮ⵽ôˣ
ʱԱ߽еȽӰɣӦû⣬죬ȴǽȥȰ
һҺŷӦһʱҲ˲ϺˣϽܡ
ŹͬһƳʯ·ĺ֮£ͨĵغڰ֮С
ûй׷ﶼһʱһһ˵Ȫ·Ϻ̨ǰһƬףСŹأǾʽ䣬ǧСģǸΣصĵط
˵ʱҳΧɨһȦĺ
ʯ·ѾԨԨҽˣʮڻĶҽзȥҲ嵽һںд˷شŵ˺ëˡ


211 ӵ
ǰʱҲ̲סֹʲôطôôɭ
ɭܵظ𣿡
ǰͷҲصش˹ŹأǻȪ·߿Ǽ¥ڤҡТڡ˾ԼڤǮׯ
˵ʱǳŻȪ·һǣͼһʯͱϵ¥̨Ư޵Ԩ֮ϣһẈ̂߻ѪܵĴ
ʱֳŻȪ·ǰһ°˵ǰǾܵظԻӵʮֵ࣬ϲǰǸµֻء
˵Һǰһǣ·ͷʵĺѾ¶˸޴¥ȥƻֺ꣬͸ʵϳĽǱһ
˵ȻǱץģ϶ȱץӵߵĿ϶һѶ̡
˵Ҳʣܵظ
Ʋ˵ϽͷһΡһ
ôôظĸ֣Ҳ
ЦǺ˵ǱˣҿͨޣʲôҲ֪ģ
˵Ǽǰܣһһ˵ӵھȰΨһĻᣬǲ˷ʱ䣬ץˣȻĻӵҪȰɾˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊӵ·һС֮·һС֮·
͵ǡ֮·ֱͨţ˵žѾʮ˲ԼһʮСˣǽ䱸ɭϣ֮Ҳн޳źͨʮ˲·ɽزصڱɽɽ֮ϣ˱ɽǵ»ѱؾ֮·̤ϴ·ȴǵıǧĵ̡
ӵһС֮·ֽСֻ·ͨһطӡ
һκţκž͵̨ЩͶ̥һ˼绳ˣ̨мǰʯԼԩ֮˷ԩǣһǰ߾ͤŻغͤΪԩ걸
أһ¶ǣǧΡֲʹȻǰһжԹԹӴ
ֻ·ľͷȴЩģֻһת
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ĻҺƿԣܵظǴС˵ʲôȴû֪ȴһС
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йٱײͷת򣬰Ͻ߬죬ԿĶ
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йһŭصۣ˫ֽŵס䣬һҲûʣ߬йٵԴ鰸ײ֮һקʹקԿףѲϵȦ˿
һ½ǣžŵ˵ôˣܵظǲҪ𣿡
ϻֵҪҪ
ٺһЦʱǱײͷתйٿ޺ǺôĵӣܵظҲҴʮޣĲǡ
鰸ǰһףʵǶʶҲ
鰸ϵй̧ɨһ£˻Դ˵˾䡰ʶ
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ȥ֮ϿιǳԽҩʱ䲻࣬ץʱɾûˡ
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ҲУߣأ
ȻģǵͷŽӡʩӰһΣˡ
ǰһЩѾ壬㳭Ǹɣʱں˽治Ҫôţǵ¶Сܰ


212 ͬ
˵תܣϽҲ˹ȥͼӵһСȣȺ̣ܶȥûǾֵһ
͸վ򳵴ƵģһųΣһЩȳĹ꣬ŵ߰ʮһɫ԰齩Ӳ
ҸϽЩֶʲôģ
Щǹӵһ󣬵ŵʮ޴еġ
˵껰ѾǴȣ˴İȫڣͷһǼѾֳ䵶׷ڰȫǰһŭ𣺡й˵ˣҪǶʮ˲ܿĿӰ
⻰һڣ߰ʮֻŵûһţеĺֱײܣеŭճȺûǣϽȫһѾص˻Ȫ·ϣֻһѾǻֺĴ˴ĺ档
̧ͷǰһʯ·ֱͨһ·ڣ·ڴ·ֱָңһдš֮·һдš֮·
Ǽǰܣһһ˵̫أǷ䣬ǵõһ˼Ƹߵȥ
Ǻô죿Ҿʵ
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ȴͷɨһ˵Ѿ˲ˣҪٻعŹǶܲˣ˵ˣҲõĺӣĻǺҲǺӣòǸոչǹѾıԹһʱܵˡ
˵ʱһҲǣȻ֪絽ʲôϻȪ·ʱͷЩȷʵˡ
Ǹһ·ǰ壬֮ǰ˵һûãѾˮˣȻǵӣϼһţӦþκˡ
ܹȥʱͼһκϴޣűͲס˶һ
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ˡꡱһ޵øˣʱҲѾͷ嵽ϣû˵һͷͰͨһײ˺һ˻ң
ۿź׷ԽԽ࣬ǰһ񱼣Ȼͼǰĺ¶һ̨̨ǸͤӣͤԱ߻ſ޴Ķʯ̾ϲЦ̫ˣ̨ܵظӽ˼ĵطֻҪͤűȾˡ
˵Ż˸Ͻ̨ͤǰһŷ֣ͤӱϵǿͲʲôʯһ΢΢ʯüŮʯͷǰͤϿȻ̾ء
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ûʹϻȻʯĵȻڵӣǰǽ
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˵ʱһ˹ȥʯ̸ֳһЬƵðʯͷӳӰӸסšۡһͿˡ
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ʯͷһۣߵСڸв֪û뵽ϱӾȻĿʵۡ
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һ⻰ĶйվӣϽӵϳʯͷͳɽĹӭȥҲϽǰ塭
׷Ĺ࣬ĬϵǻӦɽµĻȪ·һɨĹѾɽϳˣǵ廹ûһ㷴Ӧ
ϸһ룬˿ɽСʱˣΪʲôǻûþȣѾȲ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬ҵͷǱѹһʯͷһѵ˵Ҿôˣ
ɾʱԴԴϳɽĹȴһҽУ֮ϽѭȥͼһϮӰڹһ󣬰һİ׹һҽŵ˳ȥ
ϸһȻǰѾɱ
ôֻˣ
ҵĺ΢΢һЦغȻǣǲңܷǣ
˵Ѿɱɽ˵ͨǾȻܽ
嵽ߣֺ˼һǾͻڹŹعؿڳɱһΣҸϽϹˡ
һŹأҵһ뵽˺磬Ͻʵôˣû°ɣ
磿Ѿ˰
ǹŹǰѾԽԽˣǸʵ۲֪ĶŪһȺ»ҰǾأҪסҲɱһΡ
أôˣʡ
ʻһ¶˿ɫüͷ˵ǵֹ̫ۣȻʲô豸У˰컹ûһǱģϾϣҪǾȲǣԸֵͬͬ
ͬĸ˵ףм̯ôһȺҸ嵨ĺֵܣһʱĳȣת˲ʧ̾˿˵νϧˣ۶ûҵǸ̩䡭
һ䣬ͼɱһȻ̧ͷʵô֪ҵ֣


213 ̩
⻰һֻңҶסˣһƱϽһ߬סǸͺ˵̩
һţǹϽ˵ͷ˵ǲ
ϸϴһ˵Ѿ̫ˣҲǲˣϾʱ̩ͻһҾ͵͵һѡˣ㲻Ǵء
һ˵Ͻѻ˳̩ǰһΣֺʵϲϵã
Ķ֪̩һѾͽ˹ȥ˵⣬ҵĶΪʲôǶ
Ȼǵȫѹ򣡡
һʱ䣬ҶʱȻһҽУҸϽ˹ȥͼѾʼŤʲôεĶƵģžһ˶ʧˡ
磡
ŵһУٿȻЦЦ˵СоˣѾȹˡ
һ⻰Ҳ׹һ͸оԼҲʼŤգҸϽСǧǵôȥ
ɻûȰشأҵѾһƬ޾ĺڰ֮У߸ηƵģಡһʱ;촽΢ȣ˹ء
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⣬
ǹһ󾪻ţŵþ꣬ɰѾһ֣ϣ͸ϴץùһǳ׶ĺ·
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214 ·ɱҧ
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ѽѷʱȴһһͷһȺڳ棬ŵظء
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216 ˻
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һ˸ϽȥɾʱߺȻһŭ𣺡ԭ㡭
һžͼһߵߵ̩ѾƾֳȻȫʧȥһžҪĲӡ
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217 
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麣̳ѪʬʱЩóëȴԿʼɫأ˺ɫ
һһ㣬һˣ麣ڱɺëꡭ


219 ˺޾
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һ¶һͷϽʰ˵ǲ԰֮ǰСھ￴ظʱһ۾ܿǶееˣΪʲôЩظȴֻܿȴһֱûп
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ʱ˵ĵظ鲻һôСĵطۼôֻظ飬̫أԽصĵطҪЩԽס
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229 
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ҲѾĿˣ˿ĭֳһ˵СǸû취ˣֿǸְҵƭӣһ
ھ͸ҹ׹̺︮أץסǾǸ
һһһͷ˹ŵϽס죬Ҳ˵ˡ
ʱһһĹĵ˵ΪʲôǷʶϰֵĶ˵ƭӣʦʶôˣҲôҲΪ׬ǮҰǿǹҵĸû
һСѾͷˣεЦˡ
ҸϽתƻ˵ˣǲһֱݣ
⼸궼ڡ
һһͷ
дϲϽʣûһСŮ
Ȼһһȴҡҡͷһʱ䣬ҵ˹ȵס
ʱһһ˵˵ǸС֪︮Ѿ·Ƭ֪ͨߣֻҪͻ׽룬ӦþݣԴǰʦ֮һֱʦרĿػҲû̫עġ
أÿѵܳܵɵЦ
һһͷذһ˵ǲԼܣ׹һֱĶųΪµĽ֮׹ԽԽ︮δˣÿ϶Ϸء
׹ΪʲôҪƵҲʡ
ʱһ˵ѽɵСӣҶ㻹ǵȻŵıϷųѽ
ҵȻ֪ǣ˱Ϸʲôôأ
ôһʣҲס
ʱһһʵܺûش֮ǰһΪ׹ƽʬ£Ӧòǰɣ
ɽկôأ죬¶һĻš
︮ʱڿٻһֻףһ㣬๺ͷκǴ˵еĻϷ
һһ˵ҸϽͷ˵¶ү˵︮ѾȷϹˣϷѹڻ£ԿȷʱĹͲǱϷ
ǱϷ
ʲʲôǻʲô羪ʡ
ȴһһŲæ˵ģҲǱϷ
˵ʼ磬˵º˵ף˵ǣʵڼʮǰǱڵﰵж׹̣ѾϷӻз˳ȥǻǵڻǰ˵ĻĸʱڣٻһΣʱ췴Ƴľɣǿв˵ģʵǣ︮ĵ飬갵вƻģ׹̡ʱʼϷѾз˳ȥȴС
˵ʵֻֻǱϷ
һһ˵ͷ˵û֮ǰʮ׹һֱĿŵжԽϷʮǰɽ֮׹Խ񣬲ҼγķʽԩԹϷʹԴ»һڽЩɹΪǵĵңŵֹûñϷٷ֮ٵĸ
һ⻰⡱һʱһǸʲôС죬ҲǸͨͨҹϰѣû뵽ں֪£ǾѾı֮С
ʣǣΪʲô׹ûܽϷĻҲһųȥأ
ҪΪûǸŴһֽϭģΪԪϷġ˵ԪκƪȻ֮һΪϷġΪ˵ͬʱҲΪݰ󹦼һΪ񣬶Ϊߣֱһֱݵ
˵һһϺȻ¶˼ǣ̾˿˵꣬׹̵ƵƵ͵ϮڵķӡѾԽԽˣñϷ϶ΪһĻ׹̵ĻޱϷؽѪϴ£ҲΪݲųΪ︮׹ⳡеս
ôػ֮⣬ѵǾûбİ취𣿡
Ҳɵصһһ˵ķѾԽԽˣ︮һֱػǽס׹̲͵Ϯһᵹ
üͷĬһ֮һһҡҡͷ
߲︮ҲһֱԲߣ׹̵֮ѾȫǵԤϣ︮Ҳܱ
һһ˵ɳϵĵ绰Ȼһö
һһϽܹȥѵ绰ץûᣬɵ绰ﴫĺȴ
죡׹͵Ϯϸϵ֧Ԯ
һǻһһɫˣץԼǰѵ壬ҸҲϽ˴öҲ˳ȥ
嵽һһͷһһ˵
ȻҪһȥҲǱŻģ
Ƿ︮׹̵˿϶ۼڻǰʱȥ
ҲȥûУһôС㣿
˵껰ұöͳȥ


230 ս
һһͼңĶס籩Ƣһֱ㲻ȥǾԼȥȥв
һһ²ųû⣬ֻϳȥʱ·ǧǵǧҪ嶯öڳ¶棬Ȼ︮׹̵˷ֿɾ鷳ˡ
Ҳ֪֮ôǵȻΪëСԵʣϾûëСҲ̫嶯ǵͷӦһһҪ
ʱʮӣûȳأΧһУ͸ǰһƵĵܡ
һһһһˣ׹Ƿ֮ǰȻ͵Ϯٻںҹû˵ʱ򣬽ôôˣѵ°Ѿ𣿡
ֿ֮һ£ʮΧɱһ𣬵ɲǶŹЩִһҲ֪ʿ·Ϊ֣һǰۣƻѪɫ·ϵã︮ķװһǺۣǰغ󱳶߱־Ҳϵã׹̵Ľۡ
Ҵͣó֮һһϽӸʻץһɫӾףҸϽסʣһһʲô
ʲôúôڳϲţҪǱ︮ǣҿɾȲˣ
һһ˵껰Ѿ׺ӣͳ˳¡
ͼʱСһΣŹŵİڶʼΧתһ׹̽ͽ˾ˣɻûȽأͱһŹײ˳ȥ
һû뵽СѾͷеͣһֱŵĵ쾹ȻǼ
һһĻڳһս֡
Ǵֻǽʱľ׹̶ѾռϷ磬Ҳѹ֣Ͼ׹͸ǧ꣬ĳԱǵоϸѡĸ֣м඼ѾʮģƶǶʮǰɽٵĸ֣︮ЩԱЩʮŮĶǵĶ֣
ɾʱһԽҰȻײƻΧˣˡһֱ˻ʯͷݣͣ
ȳŴ򿪣ĸ
ȳ³ߣ³ʱһ׹̽ͽ˵ǰһȭͷҹȥϵѾڶԷ˸ӡǧѩҲӸʻڳͷһһ˹һž׹̽ͽϣһҽУ׹̽ͽɳȥʱֱѪ
ڳ￴ţ˵ؿɺˣ︮󶥼־Ȼˡ
ԽҰϽ˵ǰһҲһһŮ߬һľǵʱŵþҲǲҫǸն𣿡
ʱҲѾϳûȻ֧̾ӵҫխZۣΪʲôҲһ߬Ҳǹˣȡ֮ľϵľҲˣ︮İӡ
˵ҼǵҫȷʵǸһȻʿۣ˵︮˵ĻҲ˵ùȥխZΪʲôҲ
ǾʱѾһŭ𣺡ҫխZۣκʧ
ǣ
һȣϽŻ³˹ȥߺǧѩѾս֡
־Ƕ֣һɱոջŵ׹̽ͽ̱ɾüķˣһ˺һ쳷ʵŵʮ˸ϽȾܡ
һܣոսڽڰ˵︮ȴ̶棬ɱžǰ׷һϽŵغĪ׷һ
Ȼ⻰˵ˣһȺ׷̨׵︮Աû׷ԶѾһһءžˤڵأ֮Ȼ͸һ̯һվվˡ
һҧһģؿˣҾ˵ЩսĹЩëͷСӸͿס
ʱһߡǧѩԼŵػڻҵҫխZ֮⣬ܹʣ׷︮Աö˶վ̨ϣһһһ
һ˶ڵվҲѾ׻ˡ
Щز︮ԱȻһϽ˵ˣħ
ħ˵󣿡һҲһ
ҵ˵ͷ㻹ûЩ︮Σ̱޹࡭
ǲ󣿡
羪һʱһЦѾӻһԵﴫ˳žͼոռװߵЩ׹̽ͽѾֶ۷˻м仹ӵһ·ŤŤˣ
ߵ̨£ȻһЦָһָٺЦ˵ߣû뵽ǰҲˣջ񡭡
˵ϻ󣬻ǲ壿
ʵ׹̵ĵԽԽˣ֮ǰżҹʱ͵ϮھȻĿŵˣΧô޹ˣһŪ˾ǶԲ˶ߡ
߰ߣۿ޵֮ˣ۷ʲôǼԦЩͨϰ֮ϵģʲôʱ򻹳˹ˣܻҪˣ
˵Ȼһ£پȻʼŤ¶˲ſεĿȴ֮ǰӵˡ
ҾҪЩͨ˿Ƕôǿһý˵ݣֺδ֮У
˵ŻȻһ˦֣һéɽ׷֣˲һԵĲݴԣžһҽУһŵ⣬һڲݴֻ͵͵¼С꣬Ѿ˵ϡ
һ۶ˣ㣡ôҲéɽӣȻɱ޹
ٺ٣ҲҪɱһҪɱ㡭ýɡ֡


231 ؼ
ýɡ
ֻ֣ҵĶȴҲصһ
Ϊҵӡֻһᵽ֣С㡭
廰һ䣬ȻһֽѾӿде˶̧ͷȥͼһֻѾӿ£ͷ๵ȣһŸĽСӰϴ׹̵Ľ۱紵á죬ϴһߣͷֻɰöҲڹɿĿ֮΢΢
СС㡭
ûҷӦǹѾ³һһֱԵߵˣһٶȺܿ죬֮߸ϽȰ߲Զǧѩ˿ԼҪܣǻѾڻԱߵˮʯը˿ײߵɳüҲһֻһȶսˡ
ϽȰϵĻʱһŭ𣺡ýɣޣ
ڹϵġС㡱ĬĬͷŽżһ㣬Ѿӯ˻ϣŴϵĺɫͳεĶûǿʲôѾ˦
ԭͶصһ˲䣬ʱ䡱һը죬һغĸը÷飬˲䶼һߣŷӦȻףҪը
סˣ׹̵ĽͽΪС㣬Ҳʼڲָ£ٶȳ˽
ʱöԱ߾ȵ˵ǣǾǵŮӤ
Ӧ
ҳǸͷλϵߡͷöҶϤС϶Ǳˡ
˵ŴӺͳҪ³壬һϽקסңŵ˵СҪȥ
ҪȥС㣡
ǲǣ˸ղһһĻһ¶棬︮׹̶Źġ
磬ܲôˣСǰܲߵ
ǺãҪȥһȥҪһ
ۿŽʣ︮Ա׹ʮΧסֻҲѾʼֽײǻһˣΣڵϦ
ʱĶܵ˱ģһ߿ţҾ̨ףȵ׹̽ڷʱѾ嵽ǵֿȭߣİҲû硭
ʱʶһ⣬ȴЩ׹̽ڵϣȻȫá
ʱԺдСƵѽСҲ̫ˣҴ÷ƾӱķܿħѣЩ׹Ҳͨ޵֮ˣʲôã
СʱѾȭͷͼ׹̽ɱһ𣬵ȻԼû¹˭Щ׹˲õһȭϵĺ֣һʱ֮Ҳ·磬ת۵ĹϾѾš
СֵţɵΪʦڴˣڵȴаΰ룬ҵĵͣѾں˲٣ͽ㽫֣ٽзȷ
ף
һ߰ˣһߺݺݵͷ
ʱС˵нСڣڽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ψн⣬ӳ
С˶ʮľ䣬һ߰Ҳһ߸˶ʮľ䣬ʮľʱ͸оƫµλһҹҼо񱣳־ģ͸оǹůƶҵ֣һϵľѾʼ𽥷죬ÿ緢Ĺ͸Ƥ⣬ɼ
Ĳȣȥɣ
ף
ֺһͻ۵׷ҵ׹֮󣬽γȣһչͬʱͼһѪɫһĹ⻪Ѿзɳҽץβ͵ǰһΣһ˲䣬һǺﴫ˳ź⣬ӰѾƾΣһ׹̽ڡ
׹̽ڱ˵ڵأϳ˾ȻѾܾûгҵ
Сӣа㣬Ȼôã
ɫ۵ķһžͲȶ׹̽ͽĲӣŻͷݺһۣЦ˵Ȼˣɵúúһڸˣǣߣ
һУͰpʱӭһȺ׹̽ͽȥצòֺ
׹ͽƺҲû֮ӡֻС̰Ű̴ӵ˳һţֱٳͨλҰĶǧ굤Ķ֣
ҸϽǰ壬һ׹̽ѾӭŵǸð̵Ѭ¯䣬Ѭ¯عӤˣҸϽֻһȣ֣һǿһѹӤͬ׹̽ڴõ˳ȥݺײ˻ϡ
С㣡Ұס֣
ʹܵ˻棬̧ͷһС㻹һҡҡ׹ĻƺͿҪˡ
磬취ȥ
ֵƺðɣ
һƿס׹̽ھͳҵķ˹˫ʮֳָҺֵܣһ֮
ʱѾᣬۿ嵽ǰڽžһܣŲ˫еͬʱһһܣ̴ȥ׸ߡ
ֻڿյĹײ붼ûһѾ߬סצӣҧг˹ĺ󱳡
ɸվϵСѾһҲ˹ıϣǰעҡ
֪ģǧּû˵ҵۿѾʼʪˡ
С㣬ؼҵġ


232 ʹ
ҶҲңС֮Уȴκεı飬顣
С㣬㵽ôˣ֮ǰʲô㶼£ǧΪģһؼҰɣء˭ٰߡ
˵žȻҲ̫˰ɣȻģȷʵСһ֡

˲סҪٿڣѾٶȴȶ̵ģǶزȥˡ
㣬˵ʲôأС㣡ֻǱǸ쵰ס˶ѡ
ûС
˵ŻС㻺ұƽ˹ûҷӦȻһžҵϡ
֪ģСҾȻһĵֿûУûȿհ׵ĴԻعһѾͷ½ϳŵȥҾȻ۾ֱضڱϷϵС㣬ӰϤİ
ۿžҪԽȺʱһŰӰȻıؾͳ嵽ҵ·һͷһȻǻûԭöŵøϽк
ʱͼһŰ׹ȻסǴӵȫ£׹̵ۣģģͼһӰгᡱһѾûεöѾһͰҸס
öѾԭ𣿡
־ϲɱڵϵöȴ˫΢΢һΣסʱ¶һʹɫ
ٲԭɾˤˡ
˵̧ͷпȥߵСҲɵͷ¿˫Ŀ˲佻˫ö˵ͷţȻһޡ
СѾͷôˣ
öﾪзʣûһشأͼСѾԦǱϷأӱϷȽöɨһ飬һЦʣǰ
ȻѾʲô֪ˣС˾ЩĶǸӸöĸ׵Ŀǣ
öһҲ¶ŭüͷ˵СѾͷ㣬ҪһֻѵҪΪŰɣ
ΪŰֻѾŵһУ⡭žҵʹɡ
ԲС㣡
һڣ˵㲻С㣬СŲ˵ֻСʲôһ뷽跨صǵߡ
ǰҲС㡭
˵ŻѾϵȡС㣬ֻԭӡжЦݵѾˡ
ڵ֣׹ʹýɡ
˵䣬Ȼһ֣һѾö˹ö˳־ͽסɸս߬һɫĵѾǡһֱӿö۵һҽУһԽҵĻǷֽҲϽ˦֡
ͷ͵һ𣬸Ͻ־ʣⲻéɽ׻֮С㣬㾹Ȼѧϰ׻֮ɽĵӣѧϰɽẦԼġ
ȶ̵ģ㻹ôϻ
Сһۣ˵ʱͼ˫Ѿ𽥱ѪɫûǷӦѾһҺö˹
Ӿǧ굤ҡ
С㣬𣿡
ҲƲסͷŭһֻ§öһչ͵һӣѪɫ̳𣬸˹С̱һȵõ˳߰˲
ȶ̵ģû뵽㾹Ȼô࣬˴۾ɾƾ㣬ֹǡ
С˵Żżһڣٶ˱Ϸĺ󱳣žϷһֽУѾ³һֱƴֿߵˡ
︮һȺֿ׹̵ĽĶ˵߿ȵŻԼʱѾ˵ԣŵ߸ϽһУ
ʱƴȰߵһһҫ˿ԼҪʱѾˡ
ΣͷȻͼһٻӰѾǰžͼǧѩһ§סߣһѾһײԼĺϡ
ǧѩĲҽڻİֱӴ̨ϷȥһϽֳڱϷϵСȱǣ죬ȳϷ֮Ҫ
СͷֿʼָűϷײ
Ѿҡҡ׹ˣٱϷ޴ײ£϶õҲ˺С㣬ʱҲ˲ʲôŮ鳤ˣϽ׹̽ͽսǧ굤һ죡סϷ񣡡
ʵҲǱһԵ̬ȣΪƺûҵĻβ֪һʱôţҺ껰ˢˢӦһǡŻɺ졢ۡɫâͳҪײıϷȥ
һûһж׹̽ѾҴӵΧ
ֵܣ㣡
ֽһ׹̽ͽΣգӵץʯͷͳҵķ˹ɲȴѾǰ
Ȼ嵲סʱͼŵһһţ֩һҰһãȻǲֳ粻ע⿪ʼ͵͵ˣҸϽܣֽ󣡡
һͷҲɨϵһƽ⣬ʱõһɻûأ;˫һʼϵ岼֮죬ݲñ˷Ӧ
ۿѾزұһȺ׹̽ͽţȴȲˣȻһһѾʼ濾ҵĺ󱳡
ǧ굤ĲҽҸϽͷһǱϷѾһŻǻĿ겢ǣҡҡ׹ıϷٿƺ䲻ⱻһ˵ҲѾŹâڿɢˡ
ϹŻϷ˼ˡ
ŲĿЦϷʼİб޴ڵʱض


233 ֲ
һһɹ̳̳˷ɢ̳оͼԭסĵʯ̨ϣ¶һˮڡȴȾҪһԲһķĴʯͷϣǶһ⼣߰ҳӡ
ڿеıϷȻһֽУţԲﴫӦ֮ǰֻâŵɫѾһչᣬƴسڳ˹
֮ǰҿʱһǹ嵽ڴʱһεѾֹסָײ˻ȥ
СһϽִӱϷı嵽ڱϣ־ץڶԱˮ̨ϵһҳӡ
ָץӣСȻһҽУѾ̳һŰ
С㣬û°ɣ
һСˣҸϽŵþСûңҧ˫ȥץǿƣƵһ˲䣬ȴǱһεײ˳ȥһŲҽֱɳԶ˵ء
ϭĺô
һСӣʱ¶ɫʱһ󾯳ѾԶĵ·ѭһ߿
ϭƲ˵ز˾
ݺǿ⼣߰ߵϵһۣƺвʣҧתȥͳ˲ݴʧټ
һˣ׹̽ҲŵøϽɢӣСҲקűϷĶıϷչ߷ɣôУСȴͷûлһ¡
С㡭Сѽ
ܿ죬ǼѾס˵Ļ̨£ӼϷֱһȺ󲿷ϴžҲм⣬ϴľȻ︮İۡ
ǳǰ壬Ѿ˲ˣűϷ񼴽ʧڰ֮еӰĳȡ
Сӣģû뵽ܵˡ
ҷʱͼѾĲ´Ӻ˹һͷҪ˵ɾͼּۿ죬ָһֽѾҵĶͷϣеһ˲䣬ҳû֪

ҲŸոձϷŵûȥһΣû뵽ôһԣҽѵ硣
ۻܣβûһһǼۺɫһդŵηͷͬդסĴڣۣƺѾˡ
磬ʲôط
Ժʵʻʱһ£Ѿˡ
ܻ︮أǱץˣķҲѾ︮ûˡ
ʵشҸͲ⣬ͻȻзʱʼҾѾ֪Լ˻ôˡ
ҳΧ˿ηֻһդһֱȣҲֱмԶƺһԱ칫һĴУķҡ
˶ηֻڣͻȻʶһ⣬һΣҲֹѰɽˣŸոһõöҲѾһαҸŪˡ
˵ˣϽԼԴ˻С˵Сƣ︮Ĵߣʱ˵ˣѽѽ
ôôУƽʱͦĻСһξȻȫûһ̾˿˵˷ˣǱץʱ︮˷ڲһֻǣѾ̳䷨ѻСƸƿǱ»˷
˵תȥһһ۾ϳ︮ĸһ
֮ǰлСƵİ취ҩǲŽ⿪˸˶ߣȻǲѷˡ
֪ôźأһѾȾͷĴﴫԶƺһŮ˳ɤںڼ仹ʱʱһ˽͵ܿ죬ĸӰѾڴͷȿڣǰһһ߳ߣȻߺһһﻹ˫գȻϱϷһյòᡭ
ںˣԱһļУϴȴߡһһһ︮İۣȴǾ
һţĸѾͣҵηǰ棬һһһָ۳ߺϴҷǣˣҪͻȻȥæǿѾȫûˣ
Ϊ㶼߶һˣžǲţ
߲ͷصһһһۣ˵һһûʲôµĻòҪˣҪݱ¼
¼ϴҪĲǱ¼ɣ
ѾᷳˣһһȴɲĵغҲѾˣǲ׹̵ˣվһģҾȹǵ︮ԴԼĶ˵𣿡
һһ˵һ飬ұ죡죡
ڳ׷ŭˣ˫պݺһˤԼվȵ˵ϡ
ƻ˿ûʱֺһһΪԼëСͽܣͿ︮ķֲߣѾˣӦڻΧװػĳԱҲ֣㲻֮Ÿϵģ˽︮ͨǿʦϣڴҲһؽȥȻһ͵ܲȺ
̫࣡ˣ
һһȦֲʦ˵︮ĹǷʯͷһֳӲڲ֪˵ĹȻġǼֱڤ粻顭
һһָһͨˣϽһʹɫźȰŽͷϵһһק˳ȥ
һһקˣ߲һɻûأηʵߣΪʲô︮о죿


234 
һ˵Цˡ
︮о죬Ǿ︮ˡʱ︮ǹٰĽħ֯λƽȻû䣬ÿÿ͹кڵһЩ߲Ҳ֪ǵĴڣϿǵġ
˵ֳЦһ£ʵˣڸˣǰӣǴĶģ

ұֱʵһ£ʵ㲻Ѿ֪ӵģȻǻСƸġ
Ƕ𣿻СƣΪ︮ߵְҾ𣿡
Ц˵ո㻹ʱҲûСѹң⵽˭ǵģ
˵缱ˣ˵ߣûƭ㣬СץߵĻǻСơ
ޣɵǲǣǻСƣǣһ仰з飬ɢһ
˵ʱһĹ˽ûע⵽ϹźһǧѩѾ˫մӺ˹滹֮ǰһһ졣
˵úأΪߵס˱ϷһŻƺˣʱ˿̼˫ǰߣûһڼӶ۵ģΪڲǰ󣬻ֻţᶼˡ
ߣס֣ס֡
ǧѩȻںǻע⵽ǧѩѾߵ󣬻ͷһﵱʱ¶ϽסʣСѩôˣ˵úϢ
Ϣȥɾ͵ùˣ
ǧѩ˵ŴӺһץһֻ˱ʯСƿӣֵһ˵ѻСƹؽƿģ
ѽôҲỨСƣСƶ˼ˣ
߹һЦդһۣЦɱǵļƣ˶ƭӣҪǻѿصƭˣǸͲӳ
ûƭˡ
գ˵ڿߵġ
ҲƭڵĿӣȻҲûֵ࣬Ȼ˿ӡ
һȻǸ֮ǰԼµʧְڻأĶôֵ࣬˵˭ֵû˵ģˣֻ͵͵˯ѣ
Ҳ˵Щϻ
߶ʱ߳ŭɸҪǷ쭣ǧѩѾȾĶ䣬쭡
ģڸ˵£ϴʲôҾ㣬ǲѻСƷƿġ
˵ˣǸǲǻСƣͨġ
߻û˵꣬Ȼͼһ׹Ѿǧѩ˳ڿлûΣһͳߵϡ
ǰ۵һ죬СȻˣҲĻɢ
˵ӿڴͳָҪϴɻСһӶûһ¸صģһͳ˹ȥ︮ڹʮʮڣʮ⣬һǲ׼ϹٲߣҺҶʲôħûɱʬħնѩƽɣû˭Ұҹؽƿ
СƵһ֣ͨ߶ʱɵۣҲû˵һ仰
ʱͼСѵϵĳŰֶߺʦɰ룬ؿ״ܸ˵ɣ
ŻСؿϵ룬߸۶ֱˡ
Ĭãսսؿʵ㣬㲻ǻС𣿡
ȻΪ˭̫³çʵñʦ𶪾棡
СúҴɨһۣسһüëƺҫԼӡ
ڳŲסˣϽͨһڵأսս˵ʦϣһݣʦ׹ʵ³ͻȻԲš
ϣ˵
СȻǱˣûѻ˵꣬ߣʵñʦ̫ʧˣֱ︮Ҳѹֻû䵽˵زˣտʼ㽻Ȩ︮ҵǲУ֮ǰߵİȫҽӽ쿪ʼȫСУҪȫѰС䣬û
ʶС˵һˣ⻰Ծ˵ؿоˡ
ȻʱΪѵ˵ʦ𣬿ڵ︮ʱѾͬˣʮִͬƣҪִȨ١ҲðƱܾͨɡڴҶɢִ񣬿¡һʱѴ밡
ʦĻҲҲ
СֿʼۣǧѩҲԱ߹߿ʾڵ︮ȷʵһĹأЩµһʱϵϡ
ǧѩƯֻôһȰСƵЦˣ˵ɣҲΪˣСԼһ㣬ҿ֤Ϸǣûɣ
С˵꣬ǧѩͷʦ⵱Ȼû⣬ʵҲͲ˲׹̵ˣǸ
ǧѩ˵أ˭û뵽ѾһվһȭСƵţСƸûȲѾһɢ˿оʣƮ
ǧѩҲһʱѾǧѩǸСƿӣǼŹһգ̾Լƿ
Һ糹׿ˣ߽ƿڶסʱͼϻһ˿޵Ц̧ͷʱȴɫسסǧѩ˺ȵǲҪϵǸͲʦ𡭡
ǡؿ
˵ǣͲǣ
ûǧѩ⣬Ѿתֽƿӵ˽سǡ


235 ʦߡͽ
ͻȻת䣬סЦݵߣһĲȻ
ߣԼݡ
͸ֱɻǿȥΪҲңΪΪԼĸо
ܵģܡ
ûǣֽžƷȺúÿǡȴ֮Լ뿪סĲֻǣһˣǧѩ
ȻҲʲôȫԼ뷨ĿȥıӰŻ
Ǻǣ︮Ի
ȻçײǲɵȻҲӸոյϢвʲôǷŭǴＷһ
︮滨СƵĻǶһ飬ʲôҵģΪ︮ʮһѾ˵ˣû뵽˵һֱôꡭ
磬˵
һקסĸ첲һּ˵Ǹû֤ݡ
֤ݣ㻹Ҫʲô֤ݣѾˣ϶׹̵ˣҪȻĻ
ס죡
ûĻ˵꣬ǧѩѾͶ˶ݺݵĿ⣬ŭ˵Ϊʮ֮һΪȻԼ뷨ⲻҪκ˽ͣǵ˶֣ҾͲǡ
˵껰ǧѩתߣںդСǶϲԲԣ
һ仰ǧѩıӰٶһͣס˲
϶ϲҪȻҲڻǰðΪһ
һЦȻ̾˿˵ϧˣͦƯƫƫϹ
ٸҺ˵һ䣬ھ㣡
ǧѩ͵ػعͷۿѾͨˡ
Ҳ֪ڸո߷ı֣ҲѾ޷ٶͬͬ롢ͬ˱ˣ뾡ȥƭԼƭƭԼ
ݵܿĻģԸκζߵķ̰ٶ˵һĻϾͻ᲻һеس
Ů˵ķŭǺܿµģȻҲЩƬ֮󣬻ǿгһ˿Ц
ǧѩҿԲ˵òҪԼݡ
ѵһΣ˵ŻԼĿģ˵ҵĶ˼꣬һһΪԸһ᣻㣬ͷԼݣʲôҲˡΪû˻ᡭ
û˸һνԸᡭ
ǧѩлû˵͸˵Ϳ첽η
ֻη˲ĮԭΪĿǰƥ׹̵︮ΪǵĿɽɸոյһ仯ɵͬһ׳ǵϣ
̱ڵϣﷴĬǧҪ׹̵ˣǧҪ׹̵ˣô룬ԼȴԽûˡ
һӳɽկһͬΪʲôһΣվ̾вǣ׾ͰǹǼ䲡Ժﲻ׼뿪
ݳΪ׹̺֮︮ȨսΪʲôһ︮ȨߣȻ׹ǡʱ͹
ҺְһΣȴһβ׾ͰǹһеһУƺָһ⣬︮ﻹͽǾߡ
ͻתɥʧǰηﶼ֪ôοԷˡ
ֹһȻһѾȾͷĴﴫ˳Ͻѭ˹ȥͼѾקһһ߿첽˹
һһƺܷŭһ߱ǰߣһ߷ߺ޵غߣʲô˼ιôʦëСͲܸ𣿡
һһŭʱѾקηſڣŽ˽ȥ
Żûܣһһ壬ںԼͼĲӺźɫģҲ֪Ѿ︮ʩ˸
һһײ˵ȫôһֱڵأηŸҪ뿪ͼѾ˫˹
ߵηǰ£˫£ܺö˶˵
ߣʲô˼ΪʲôҪץңһһѾŭק˺
Ϊ׹̽ڣΪ︮ݵʱָӹ٣Ȼܷ㵽ߡ
˵ʲô
һЦһһ۶ˣݺһţֺߣ⻰Ҳ̫ˣʲôʱ׹̽ڣιҿ׻ʦëСͽܡ
һһἰëСǲЦ¼˵ëСʵ︮һͳƣëСڵéɽʱһչʮͽܣ˰ڵá֮⣬ʮһֱЧéɽɣֱʮǰéɽ׹ͻȻϮʮжʮͻȻ׹ӪéɽʦֵɱʣµĶʮһУʮӻ̰Ͷ׹̣սΪéɽ֮ëС֪թɽӴ˶ʮûعéɽһΣȲ˵ǲҲͶ׹̣Ľѧ˵ǺǣΪʦ
˵
ߵĳһһʱͼˣҺں澹Ȼ仰˵ˡ
ȻǺλ׻ʦëСδ棬֮ǰȷʵѾλͽˣһöﷹĺɽһ׳濪֣һͶ׹̣һԼ˵
֮ǰľţʲôʸΪλëС˵һûأ


236 Ӱ
һһͣĽߵûż˵һֱȵɤӶ˻ˣ߲ЦЦ˵Ҳûã֪ëСѾʮ֮һӵԶϣƺѰ׹һľݵ㣬Ȼʲô֣ᷢΪѾݺܾˣѾǰ˹ȥŻëСҲӲȱץʱʲôˣˡ
˵ʱȥˣηһ˵ߣëСʲôҲ֪ʲôˣڱ˭
ҳ۶ݺһЦָı˵Сӣҵš
ǴЦҵĻڷŭ鶯һǡ
ûлشңֻһ˦֣һŻֽѾžһҵϣֻоȲȻһȣѾҵȼ
ֵܣ
۵һҹҲŵøϽĴϵĻ棬òװѻϨˣžդײ޲øդ˺һ
ɸ־Ǹ֣ɲɫֻĿضǣȻֿ˿ڣЩ׹Ѿڰа֧︮飬︮лö˶˻ŵκˣֵûɣҪĻɴɱһǧҲŹһ
ߣأ
һŮ˵ǰһ뻹ݶߣȻ̬һתȻؾš
߹ǧѩҲѾӵеĹȣŲ߹ûһ
߻ŵתͷȥǧѩĿԣ׻񡭡
Сѩֹ
ҡǧѩֹѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȻҲ˲ԣϽ˫סǧѩ˫磬ЦЦ˵㣿ҵȻỳˣİɡֻ︮ӣôҲֻ֯Żѡ
ǣ𣿡
ǧѩ˵ͷȴû˵ͷĬ֮󣬲ǿһ˿ůůЦ˵ˣһҪˡ
Ҳ漴һЦɱţôţִء
ǧѩ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô͵͵һ֮󣬿첽˴
Ϊһֱ߶ûоĹϵñŵĺѾһƬѪСӰ΢΢ǿʹ¸˼û䣬ȻǲϤ˻˲ۡ
ǧѩ뿪ˣҲûٶ˵ɨһ֮ҲҴ˳ȥ
һߣһһϽ˵ôˣǰɲģ
ǺǣǰȻ
糯ȥķһڣߵһֱͱʵˡ
棬ʵݣʲô˼
ɵѾͷ㻹û׹̵ˡ
绰һڣһһ͵صһû˵һ仰
ʮ֮һǿ︮Ȩɱ˵
˵Ϲѽ㲻ԼҲˣ
ۺں֤ݵ¾ԩ׹̵ˣҲǵͬˣ
һ仰һһƿˣĬһ֮Ȧ죬Ȼ
ǣ˵ҪԸʦô찡ʦ᲻Σգ
Һ綼ûлش𣬱Ͼ֪ôشԼѾѱˡ
ģһŵسĬ˲ſǽţ˭˵ˣҾ͸оĿڷ£Ҳ£ޱѹֵĸоҶʮ͸ܹһΣС뿪ǵ죬⣬ǵڶΡ
ߵӣһ︮ͷĶԵĽȥ
ûҲûǣ·ˣҹĻԽԽڱη᲻һ
һҲ֪˶ãŴ֮Իἰʱ䣬ƺѾǺҹˡ
ֹһһ󼱴ٵؽŲȻϢĳţžڴ죬ȫԱս
˺һ䣬̷͵͵ɨԱߵһһһۣǺɫԾؽֹΪƽĿ
ô£Сһһʵ
һһ۶˵Ҳ֪׹͵Ϯˣʱ䣬ÿʮװο̷͡·ˣʮСʱڻΧ䣬µľ׹̴⣬׹̻ǲÿζǴˣȴûٶȹ
ںĶ⣬ɻһҲġ
üͷ˵ǿʲôƺǿڣ׹̸ʹ򲻿ķӡΪʲôҪһֱѰ·أ
ǵԪµġϷġ
һһش˵ʵҲ̫ףԪǵˣκϵħˣΪʲôһ鷲֮סϷһǧţʵǣµϷһڷӡϷǿֻҪǿڣϷĻǾӲ֮ǰ˵ķӡѾԽԽˣָľǿƣ׹̲ȫû취Ƴӡ︮ʱʱ䱸޷ϸоǿưˣȻ±Ϸ֮ӳˡ
˵Ĺ򣬺ȻһٵؽŲ˹Ųڵǰ̧ͣһɨǰɫصխZۺҫ
ˣ̲סЦЦ˶ֳľͷ˭û˵
ôˣΪʲô˵
һĬһҫ̾˿˵ʦѾȥԮˣˣǡ
ʦʲôʦһ¡
ҫ˵ǣߣѾͽܣ︮
ҫĻһЦ
˵ߵ˶Բԣ
ҫ΢΢üȴû˵һ仰ֻĬĬص˵ͷ
ʱȵķϣȻһӰһ˵ı󡭡


237 Ϸ
ǺӰĶ棬һͻȻ仯Ȼע⵽ˣĵƹںģԷĳ࣬޷ȷԷǵˣ˭û
ʱ򣬾ͼխZ̧ɨһ£üͷʣС׹̵𣿡
Ǻǣ˵Ҳǣնӡ
ҡ
խZԥˣʱ˱ǺӰѾּֽû˲һ˿һһ䣬ŷѾխZۺҫĶͷϡ
ǺӰʱκȻǸŮˣ˫èһϢȻǱǵģŻ谵ĵƹ⣬Ѿܿϵɴˡ
ǧѩ
ϳ˾Ȼǧѩ
ǧѩȴûǣǸسס˵ǸŴҫŵԿףǿ
һǧѩϽֺ죬ߡ
ǧѩΪʲôҪǣҾ㵵ʡ
ǧѩԥһ£䣬Ȧѽ졣
˵ģҲԼ˭Լݡ
˵껰ǧѩִߴǸϽηһߴǳȥһֽŵ˵︮뻳ɵ˾ߣ˵ûңҰɼȻ˲ͬ·ұѡ񡭡
˵䣬Ѿǳ嵽˴ʵ︮˲ûȫ߹⣬ʣµļѾȫǧѩǰˡ
ſڳʱҸϽʵǧѩǽȥĶ

ǧѩüͷȻ뻳ߣԴʼ˻СƵΪȷʵ̫ˣҵķֲؼ¼ϸһ£죬ȷʵҹ䵥뿪ֲܿΪ׹ͨ籨ţһͼӦϣһ߻ǰġϷġ
ߣô᣿
һһʵ֪ϵķֹ׹Ч︮ҲЧǻ᲻ֺڰ׵Ĺͼȡߵˡ
ûȷʵˣϸ£Ҳ߻Եʡ
ǧѩɨһһһۣǳͨܵ
ӳһӳȥ澹ȻǸ˶ĵͣԭһֱͣĵ¡
ǧѩǴԼĳһ߿һֳ㵵һһ˵һһмڰȫǣ︮ĸ߲δ
ʲʲô£һһŵʵ
ǧѩһ߿һشºйأĿǰһΨһܹϷġųģֻ㡭
ң
⻰ֹһһסҲס
Ȼǧѩмᶨص˵ͷ˵¸ѪͳйأʵݵصһЩҰʷ˵Ͳһ£겢Ԫһշ˻Ϸǵõ˵İһǵʱ¹ҵɮѾѲȷʵһλʱǿĽħˣһ֮ԪɱϷʧˣ֮󣬴κټ֮⻹һԪǸʿֽ御
šǸʿ
Ҳһѿڶѵʦŵĺˣ
ˡ
ǧѩ˵ͷ˵ʦʦλʷϣûһλʦ֣ǻǧټƵز鵽ʦŵĺˣ걻ԪɱıϷݳڸһ֮ԪһƪġϷġʧĵ󣬽Ϸ˻£ΪۣԼ
һһǿʲôʵ
ǣʱʧдСϷġϸһ䣬ΪǱƱ֮˻ٵųϷΪ˼䣬Ψһƴ˷֮ˣΨżһΪʦ߱һĶ

Ҷʱѿڶ֮ǰҲСУҲС
ǧѩֵͷЦ˵˰ɣһһһΨһʦˣ︮Ųãͱָɵһֱػʵ︮еİţĿΪٹؼʱ򣬿Ϸġתƣⱻ׹ƻӡųϷ
һȻ򣺡˼ǣ֮԰һһҲץʵ뽫ΪУԱ׹̴ƣ
û
˵ŻǧѩѾǵ˱Ϸ£ǰһҹѾıϷǰһƬǽ壬Ѫ߰ߣϺʮʬ壬ϵŷֱ棬Ӧ︮׹̵Աΰ롣
ûеµˣҲѾˣһŻʮɱϸһȴûߵټ
ǧѩͣóϽҴǴս֣ۿŵϵѪĲҽУѪڣսֶɵ׹˳κѾ˸ѾٶסҲֻܹԹԵظǧѩˡ
ǰǧѩһɱܿɱ׹̽ڽǴ˱ϷǰѾȫˣ˾ߣšϷġƴӷеʯ̨¶ҹĻ΢΢⡣
嵽ʯ̨ǰǧѩϽһһе죬ڻ㣬Ͽ챣뿪
˵䣬׹̽Ѿ߳˹︮ҲʾǰסԷһɱ
Ųҽһһ͵ͷָҪȥӣȴȻסԥһ£תҲսֵǧѩʣѩ㣬ǡȡӣ治߱Ϸ𣿡
İɣΪֻҪû𻵣Ϸ֮Ӳ
ǧѩôһ˵ڼᶨһһģϽ˫һץƣȻСʱ̾ͱˣһһƣȴ޷Ӧ
һû£һһһϲϽֳǧѩѩ㣬ô죿
ûȱ׹˲סǧѩش𣬾һ׹̽Ѿ
Ѿλڲ٣ʱ


238 ³Ѹ
Ǹ׹̽ͽһŭ֮󣬵һסĲǱˣȻԼ͵תͷȥˣ۶ֱˡ
Ҳ˲䡰ˡһ׾סˡ
磿
ٿһһǾĿ࣬§ƾʧس˹ȥ
⣬⵽ô°û
ԱͲǺǿһżæ˵ˣʱͼһŻֽѾ緢ʱǻֽѾʵʵĿϣһʱءһ˲ըһһ𣬰ըòҽ󵹷˳ȥ
磡
ҴʧɫһʱҲ֪òȥקˣʱһݺݵغԭΪǻΣû뵽Ҳ׹̵ˣ
ѭһǧѩѾһų˹յ˲䣬Ҿ;ˡһ̨ϵȥˤӻģվվˡ
ԺأͼǧѩѾסһһ֣һߡ֮󣬴һһɱһѪ·Լĳһ˳ʱͲﳤȥ
𡭡ߡǡǲ׹̵˰
ͣɸûüͣǧѩĳѾʧԶҹĻ֮£ͷԻģվվٿ磬ڵһ
ʱһɱѾӲԶѭһȻһ߬䵶׹̽ͽѾ嵽ǰ߬ͷһѾţĵѾĺϡ
ٺ٣Ǹֵܣ㱳˸ڹͷͣһյֽǮġ
硭
ۿ׹̽ͽҪ֣ԴҶܶ
ȻͼԷ䣬ûԴأһҽУҪº˵첲Ѿżžડһ˵أ򴦵˿Ƥƽ絶һ㣬ð׹𡭡
첲ˣǸ׹̽ͽŷӦ۵õһҽУɲҽŸմӺðԴҲѾ˵أͬ˿ƽֱð
ʲôµ֣ûκ˲
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240 
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˵ŻһŲȵ˵ףˡһһ˳ȥҪٶһԳ򣬹Ѿˡ


241 һ
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ëС˵̫Ͼһ壬۳ͣڹɽ߻һľʦŵżȻ䷢ߣȡһľƳһѽħľǴ˽
ëС˵ָָľƬ˵éɽ׹͵ϮľڻսѾϳأǽ⣬һиܡ
ţ
⡱һʱô˵һֱصǰѶϽľľ
˵꣬ëС˵ͷ
ëСҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
òӳֺ׹ѾõʦʥеѽǸƭӣ˵һ׹ô죿
ҶԼŭëСɫʣҸľ֮ǰ֪ľ֮𣿡
ҵ˵ľ
Ҵƭһ˭ѽ
ⲻ͵ˣľԴţ𣿡
ëСһ漴ýָľƬ˵˵ˣľһֻ㱻׹ȥҲûκ;
ԭгˡ
ëСҸˣֺɼȻ͸¶Ϣ֧ɽʲô壿ĺͽܺɽ׹̣׹̵˿϶Ҳ֪ľ仰ѾһɽˣѸϹȥİͺ约ģ
ֲ¶ˣҾҪǡ
ëСЦԵԵעʦŵֵƽ׹̣ɽһأѳϮʦ֮λŵͬΪˣ֮·δʦ
ëС˵ƽȴѪˣԭδ¶棬һеһУѾɵİźˡ
ʱʣǺأðȥɽȱ۵ģʺ֪Űȥأ
˵үЦˣҡҡͷ˵ոʦ岻˵ˣѰһУʦһԼ˵ǹɽ֣ǾѾһԵֿˣѻøأ
ѵӸɽҲʲôҸϽʵ
ļңҲʱؼˡүһЦȴûٰѻ˵ȥ
ʱȻͼһɫӰӳ·ӰӹϷȥž䡱һʼҵػζ
ûŪôأҵػζһɫβѾĴŴӳĳ˽
ҶסʱϸһոմӰȻһˮͰϸɫߣ·һͷ̾ײֱĴУβʹʼҰڡ
׹Ѿˡ
ߴӼʻ§β;һͨȭ򣬿βİڶȴӵǿˣǸϽæʩ뽫βסʱխZ۵ĶԽѾһ˺ѷεزҽС
죡ȥʻԱѾҧǾͿ׹
û˵꣬һҽдɻϵʻԱȻ˶֣ţĻζʼʧȥƵֱקͳ˴ǰļ̳ײ˹ȥ
ˣ
ò׽βӳ˳ȥ߸Ͻ˼ʻǰֳխZۺҫָӣ׼ʱ
խZۺҫӦһæͳذһץס׼
ʧȥƵֱһ壬Ѿֱ㶳׸ߵħʯӭͷײ˹ȥڼݵһȺ׹̽Ҳȫɵۣ̳ǰһƺֳַʩĳʦۿԼŵֱ¡
ˡһʦԴͷ˹ȥžһ죬Ѿħʯһʯ˲ѣͬһʱһź
һڣûҫխZ۶أëСָľƬһΣߵų̵ĸѾĵ׹ѣëСʲôʱ֣׵ôȥģǿû塭
ϾҲû˹˵Ͽˣҡ˵أڷ׷ɵʯһƯơ
ò˵ȻᣬɳȷʵһģF1Ч
һؾͿʼŹԾҲ򻬣ŤɲȻԭƯס˳һţ͸صıһصʯءžͳЩѾΧ׹̽ڳ˹ȥ
ڳ϶ĳȣȻҲѾ˼ŭǰһŭ𣺡𶯣𶯣ܣܣײ񡭡
Щ׹̽ҲѾɵˣһҽУв˶ŵò֪ıˣܣ໺ұܣұ㣬໺߳壬һʱӦֻڳͷǰ߿ɲֱȥءһСˡ
ųһײ֮ʮûѵ׹̽Ѿڵϰѽҽŵˡ
߹һЦģվˣô׹̻ɰ
껰ߺȻЦݣһسǺǻīʲôأƳɳŲ˶ãɱһɱ׬


244 
˵ƴˡ
ɸûأȻһ𣬾͸һ೵ѹ˴ʯͷһбת˲֮ѾԭУһ޴׹ٵֱˮͰֵ޳βͺݺǵĳһ¡
ǶɲС͸һ޴ٱһһβ˦ֱӰѳķ߳߳ǿֱסƽȣϽֳǺˣ죡
߻һڣүëСѾһһҴ³ȥȻ¿ҲҵϽ
ҵǣΧʯڸʻУһëСӯסŲ֮⣬˶ˤڵϴ˹ѹʯͷϻۡ
ҵǣڵѾ˵ʮ׹̽ͽҽţ복ǵ棬ҪȻƹڵϵʯͷϹһӣǾ͵ñͷѪˡ
Ǹվڳţһһ䣬Ҫͷ֣׹ã
Ҳĺˣһ֮ǰڻҾͿˣֻǶԱĺԼƺҲˡ
ǻһ䣬ѾŤת̣ųֱֱسɫĴײ˹
ңѽ㹻ݣӹݣ
߲ŵĽʼղûſӭ߳ȥʱ߬ŷֱӴӳվΧ׹̽ͽĶŵùԱܣֻ޴ҲѾ˲ӣ彥̾һƺҲǰ˵׼
һʱ䣬ǵļᵽɤۣȻֵӺܳεԴֻԲԲ۾תټ֮ǰɽдݻһֱȻʡ͵ĵơ
ۿŷɳ۶ѾԼ׵ķΧڣǰ˼ӣʱ˿ᡱһ¾ӭ˳ȥ
ΪһԼͷײĶ֪ǰߵͷײһʱߺȻſѪڣһſŶֱҪһ׳ˡ
һʱҲʶ˲ԣŤתѾȻžһһҧѾ͸˳Ƥƴǰײǰûߵˣȴûֹͣת߱ײֱˣɾʱ͵صŰסͷ쿪ʼɣԶԶؾͼһߵŶѾӦѣҲѾˡһֱߵĶ
ֶԼжһģһ̱ųһ״ǳĶˡؼǰײߵ￪ʼʹغ
ţŵƤʼð̣ĸ־ȻĥߵĶӣ߶ʱʹһŵأֿʼڿյϺֱײطɳԶһеĴ߳ĸڵƵġ
ǹƤȻƴƤֱײʱǡһѹһʯ˲˺ѣƤϹγһĴӣѪ⣬ѾѪȫȾˡһʹǴ˳ǰƯƳʮף֨֨ͣסٿ̥ĥúðˡ
һ߿ţ̾˳ҡڳѾϳȴڵŤ˹ȥ
ƾҲҶ
ߵǰѾűε쾹Ȼֲź£һ˫סǰߣƺҧ߶û˵һͨȭѾ˹ȥ
ָϴŵָǷһӡߵͷϣεĹͷ̿ʼð̣ûѾȫˡ
Ա߿ţ۶ֱˣǣ׹ǼʮҲȫɵˣ˰ŻֽųΧ˹
ʱͼëСǰһ΢΢ͷɨһ˵һһ棬ܱܿ˴棬סˣȥˡ
ף
ҸϽͷק˴ſڳ壬ͷһëСһľƬɫѾڶЩ׹̽ϡžը쿪ˡ
ҫխZȻûãҲֳľү࣬ӦŲϳĵˣٽʹ̣ʱȭߺԷͨˣļëһ;ûУǹ
ʦǴְʱǹϽ˰ҫκ
Ǿͽִ򣡡
һϽľˣذһ˳ںü׼ս
˵ƾǼЩѲڣҲ˲ôˣüסЩ׹̽ڣʯ׾塭
ս˴ͼмλõһȶ˵Ӱǧѩ
ּ𶼿ˣͼݺһۣ˴˵ֵܣɱ飬ȼɱ
ЦЦ˵磬ϻˣ˵ëŸոΪ⿪˸䣬϶̫ӦǶҰɡ
߶ȥҪҲϣǰ͵Ϯǳ軹ûء
˵Żһ߽һ߾ͻλǰߣһåࡣ
ǧѩֻЦеضûһ¡
ۿžͿߵǧѩǰʱһ³˦ǧѩһ㿪һֻ߬ŵġľӡѾӭǧѩͷȥ
ǶŪ㣡
˽ֿʼҶűһ£Ӱɣ֮ѾǧѩŵѾ̱˵ϡ
ǧѩϵĻңȻ˵һһ棬ҪԼȥ
㣬㲻ңҾһ¡
ǧѩһЦ
ڵߣһġ
˵ʱǧѩ¶һĨҵع


245 ĸŮ
ڵߣ
ʻʱҧǧѩһְ˽£۵硰ѽһˡ
ûڵߡ
ǧѩĻش̲סһЦ
ǧѩ㻹ƭӡ
֪߲ŹҵģҪܽΣֻͼİ
ǧѩû˵꣬ѾһЦ
СѩİҲš
žͼѾ粽˽Ѫϵ˿ڲ࣬Ȼ󲿷ѪԼġ
һ߽ǧѩҲ˵ˡ
һ˵СȥˣҰɡ
㣿ƾʲô
Ϳˣһ˵һֿʼҧҶҶǶˣڽ㣬ǱСӣ
Ȼ˵ʱͼǧѩһϣߵֱ
ҿɿȥˣϽȥͰ˵磬Ȱ㻹ǰʱǰɣҲ㱻˼Ҵ
Ҳ
˵ŻҪǧѩˣһ·ƯСŮǼ˲٣ͷһμô
ôһ˽Űү¶ã˼ǧѩʮеһȫͲһεġ
һţƢܲסˣҲö˷ѿ࣬קڵȥɳ嵽ڵſһ룬ѾǧѩÿзˣһŸ׸ȥѽ
뵽ö⣬԰һӣãЪŰɣûչ㡣
ĳҿ첽ͨ˴ڵȣȾǰܡ
ȿտֱǰһӿ񱼣Ȼһҵ˶ûС
Ҳûô࣬һһӣƴǰ壬ܿ͵ڵĴſڣȽյĵűĵС˺ܶ࣬ƻֺ꣬͸һɹ֮
嵽ǰҶû˵һžϣš֨һӿտĴ̴һҽС
ǲúǸϹһȫ
һһһѭȥڴмλõһʯϣ˵ǰ󣬲˵ǶöײĶֱ͸һ˫󣬽ʵʵضʯϣѪõǡ
һѪܵĻ棬͵һһʱ侹˵ˡ
ʱͼ۵һһѾŤͷ˫ʹίҶˡ
Сҡ
һһһУŷӦϽʯǰ壬һʯĽǾȻĵѪۣһһѪʯϣ˳Ѫڵϵһưͼ֮С
ǰмλãһ⼣߰ߵƣһ۾ϳǧѩڻǰƭһһߵһ飬ϰѪۣۿžҪȫˣֻʣ¼ۻδһһѪ͸
һһû°ɣ
ŴûбˣҸϽ嵽һһԣһһȴݺݵһۣҶˣ˵û£
ôѪҾһ˿϶Ųס˵ôû¡
⻰һһһһͨƿڴϽ취
ȣôȣ
ɨһ۶סĹײĶǶǻ̴󶤴ȥģǣֲңֻѪģĳ棬Ѿһˡ
ȻһһԵΣգ˵ߴҾĵ㣬ɫѾס촽Ҳѷɣͷ麹ֱð
ڼһң취㡭
ҪʲôζӰ
ζӣ𣿡
һŭⶤӿǶģô˵Ļ
ٲ㣬ɾˣҪҵѪѪ۱עϷĵͻ
ôһ˵ʱ⣬ԭصѪϡ
뵽ҸϽתһڳ͵ѪֱۣӰץ˵ɸһ֣Ƶָʹһ˰ؾʹ۵ҸϽ
ʱһһںŭûõģƱǹ̶ϣȡ
һһԽԽЩţϽδѪȾѪ۴ȥ·Ѫ۶סѪ۱ע
ɾʱһЦӴ˴ϴ
ȶ̵ģӸ֪裿
ֻǰ֣Ѿȫס
СС㡭
̧ͷһ۵СѾʮ׵̥һԾ£˴̥ϥϣżһ˵ء
С㣬㡭㻹ϵң
ҵȻϵ㣬ǲŸոշֿûá
С˵ʱһ󷭽ҲһƬհȫ֪ôӻˡ
ϤİĬãһȶһʵôڵʲôС㣿˵׹̽Ů
ûһ˿飬һ˫ҲĮǰδеĮ
롭Ǻ߰ɡ
˵һ̧֣һ˸ŻĻֽѾӭĶ˵㣬˵û뵽СͻȻô飬ǷĻֽȫ޶ˡ
ʱҲ֪˭ұһСġһӰӱ˹һѾƿҡ
ĵأŻͷ壬ƿҵľȻö
һƣټһһ˻ҲʶǰΣʲôû˵С㣬ץ·žͶѪۡ
ȶ̵ģΪʲôҪԣ
һסѪۣСʱ˹ѱһӭȥöﵲס
˭뵽ԡĸŮȻַ
С㣬µǸӣ
ö˵ʱѾС˼ԶԼ֮öСһʱҲ˼˿塭
СѾͷΪʲôҪôֻΪĸףҪΪŰ𣿡
öŭţǰδеļСɫָֻ֮ܿǰĮ
Ϊˡҵĸס


246 ʧ
⻰öʱסҶһ
ʱöﾪʵ㣬˵Ϊң
û뵽С㾹ҡҡͷ
㣬ҵĸסԲңҵþ
СĮ֮£ȴ¶һ˿˿ػǸµĺӣҳһ
һ˵꣬ҸϽС㣬ǲǷˣˣ
ˣ
Сʱһŭ𣬵ס
ôˣĸö˵׹̵ǰνҲС㣬С㡣
û׹ǰС㲻Ѿŵ˴ɱˣ
Сȴû˵öﾪסȻּһŻֽöؿڡ
öûôָŸոܹǿסζѣĶܽסСŲҽˤڵأһ£һֳԭ
öձСѾּҳ˹
С㣡ٹҿɻˡ
һȰ棬СȴȫҵĻѾ絽ҵǰ
һᣬһӾ˹ȥѪɫѪɫѾûΣС˹ȥ
СʧɫϽȻһ֣ѳҷ˹
һֻ߬ŲŶסѪۣĶҶ㿪鼱֮¸Ͻһչһӣ뵲סķֽȻٿС磬ѾѸٽӡ䡪
С롯ӡת
С㽣ָһһ˲䣬ӭ泯ҷĻֽȻڿкȻһת䣬ಡһͳĲ˹ȥûҷӦвŵķֽѾըһŻ棬ŻȼţҲͬһʱȼЩѪ
ŵøϽ֣ɸһ֣סѪѾһѸٽȫѪע
ȶ̵ģֹҡǸҵþ衭
֪ģСȦѱͨͨģͷɨһۻʯŭһһ˵߰ɣŻܾҲûзŸѪ⹵󲿷ʩõʬͶѡ
Сûڶ˵ת̱ڵصöɨ˶Էһ֮󣬲˵֪ҲҰĸף㣬û뿪ĸ׵Ķӣ¾Ѿˡǡһǵȡϵһ
öޱضС㣬˵꣬΢΢һЦ˵Ҫڵǲǣ
СĬĬ˵ͷ
СĻӦöﲢûе˿⣬ĸ˫Ѿ˸Ŵع󡭡
ҵĺӣҪκζҶԸ㣬õǧ굤͡޷ͷˡ
ԲѾ޷ͷˡ
˵ŻС˫ʮָѾٶȽӡĬһģȻһ֣һƾͲö
ۡһ綼ֹһ㡭
ö
һŭȻδ䣬ѾҵزŻҳӿʼ˳ŵµȻʯͷȻһʧ޵ĺҲһѣӵ
ɹˣϷˡ
˵䣬ľСѾѪִܵö˳һɫӣ˵ӣ˵һתŵɫš
Ŵöﱻͳһ˲䣬öɫԵ˼ĳȣҲܲסһһĴ
С㡭衭ˡ
ҲΪû˻СƵԵʰɣֹסزҵֱ۽죬ǹɺܿ콫ȫҲȫѪѪġ
ЦЦǰδеݣЦһɳƵź
ҪˡҪˡ
һʱ䣬ҾѿƲסŭͼȻ;ԽƺӱҵƤ
̲סֵ֣һ˲䣬ˬʡ
С㡭ѵ
ҽżһ㣬ѻһźС㣬ٶȿòС㣬Լ⣬С㻺ʱѾһѶǧ굤
ɵһ֣·һʼʳڵʼֽУɳƵ߿ʼֽУҲ۵þ
Ȼ䣬ҽ޼кȻһ棬ǵһκүµʱ˶Ҫȡǧ굤ȻʱǿѪɫĵȴֻһѡ
ƺ˹Եɺ£ǵֻҲǰǧ굤ҲֻС
ʹ˻ȴҲΪˣʱСֳٶһѶɫĵ˵š
ѵѵ
֪ģҵѾȫ޶ˣûܵڵϵǧ굤Ⱦ׷ź𶯣öӱ
С侲ǵ㣡ٲġ
ٲΣֻɱ¾һкһдۡ
һ뷨ҲѾȫܿƵشð˳
ҪɱС㡭
Ҽֱ׷ʱŸվһʱͼߺǧѩҲѾɱñ˫˫վվˣ˼ǳսûǶѾɱۣžͽమɱɡ
ڵҺС㣬Ҳˣ
ҳһɲǣǰĳΪ֮һ񡭡
︮ԮȻѾˣһٶԼŵ۵Ķɵ׹̽ڲһ𣬶׹̵Ҳ֮ǰǸʱ˲٣ҲǴΧԮͷֻ׹Ⱥк޼ɵŰţʱö˶˵˴꣬ǽѾˣСҲƻյΧĻѱײȼԭ֮ȼ˹ķͬΧֶճ˻𺣡


247 ѵ
Щӵģ̨ѰС䣬һֱҵֻһΣҪɱ
С㣡ҹС㣡ҹ
һŭ˼׹̽ڵΧǸִ䡢Ʊ׷ͶȴûȽҵѾһȼŵѪɫâΪҽ
ܸоԼ𽥵رĨɱڤڤ֮Уһˮ𡭡
ҿһƬˮӿغӶ£ңˮ¶ͷȴѹʲô͸
ʱһعֽнҴǻþ֮˳̧ͷѭһͼҹ֮һֻųĿ׺ݵضҡ
ͨ巢ֻһֻţ˭ѾϳǱϷɢһǿ棬ȴѾȣһεɱȻΣȴġ
ˣˣ׹˼ӵˡ
ʦħǰ߾˫ֲͣػţźţΧ︮ɱ׹̽һʱҲԵ÷⼤
УֻǴڵ
һɨСǧ굤ıϣŭٶɱҵ˫ۣһУ˫һ㣬ѳϿյıϷȥһץסĽţֽһˣȭͷѾӦȥ
ءһҴܵĹֱԼˣһȭȥǱϷһҽУžͳյ¡һڵϣһˡ
ջڲͣкʦһӲɳʱͼѾӴ˳ҼϸһˣһǻѪһһһѾ۾֪ö
籾ˣ˿̿Ů˸۵ȶʼˣһ̳︮ŭ죡˰˰
л߬ӣһɨڿյϣϽֽ̧ȫ˹
Сĸһ㣬Ҫ
ûڣѾѪɫâİ¼˹ȥһʱһϽȽϵöһһԶԶ˦˳ȥԼûܣѾҶŲǽϡ
С㲻ϵС񡭡
ͬû˵꣬һȭţϵ磬ҿƲסԼֽš
ССҡϡ
˵һȭԿƵľһ˵ϣ¶ԷѾˣƤ񣬵ȭѪѾһ˳˺ѵ촽
Сһ㡭ҡϡ
˵ԽԽΪݱˣֶˡ
ҺУҸϽܣӿϺȴѱǹǿѹ˶
һź
ܣܰܣ
Ȼȫûκô
ȭѾվվסˣһͨһڵأĹâ𽥰
ССңǡүġ
͵һ˻𣬻һڣƴȫһȭͷѾҵϡ
ұõҪ֣ȴѾѹҵϣһʱåԱ¶קҲӾ͸ȭ
ҵɱһȭȭУʹˣԣңң˺ˡ
Ȼþȭ֮󣬾ͼϵȻ¸첲ͣס֣еĹâȫһᣬͨһʹˤ
磬վվҡ
Һ𣬵ֻﴫѲȥץѾ۵ز硭
ȱЩ׹飡죡ֹ
үѾһŵסͷһһëСɽü棬ʱָһľĲƬѾѷɵһ˹
̧һѽƬסһĪ˲һײĪȫĸоǧ굤ȫͬһоǳ˱һ˲侻ҵȫǧ굤Լġ̡ײҸ㣬һʱ䣬һ
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248 쵰
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250 Ԫ
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252 
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һʧɫһáǰƱס˻һתѾءһײıϣת˲֮Ѿȫס

ԪһУסȴûû˼ϻգһ־ͬһȼľ
һƪȻϭģ磬ͳϣһԻԻȻԻɷձһͲղϹŵ񡭡
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죡ԡϷġǰ
˵䣬һžͽѾպԪԪ붼ûͽֽץһҽУͼ˫˲ͱˣٿϷѾšءһ˵ϡ
Ԫһŭ𣬼̵ֶð˰ɻǽеûɿžͳϷĶͷ˹ȥ
űϷͷڵϣԪ粽һŲڱϷ죬ԾͷкͮͮƺݺͷһϷľ˺ѷϵһ֣Ҳӡ˱ϷĶͷϡ
ϷһͽԪͷ˦ȥʱֻѶֵľԽݺݴԼĿڡ
ǡ
徰ʦһһ䣬췻죡һħΪ
һ䣬Ѿҧؽľа˳һʱѪڻеɽѪӾ͸һȼ˻𣬷׷׽ڱϷϣһʱ䣬ͼİ¿·ߣü·߱ջٵС̯ǰһװ͵һžͽ޷ıϷ
ڱϷͷϵһ˲䣬徿Ķʱըһؽ⣬۵֮£ԼԼͼ徵֮ӰһΣһΪֶһԼ
ʿģͬͬ˫˫轣䣬ձǽȫû
һʲôˣӲӵع֮УֻԪǳɹˣǳɹˣ
Ԫɽ䡯סϷȴԲԽɱҼסԭؽħҵҰסҪ󡭡÷
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ֻһĹ򣬱ϷѾȻһ󷭷ɣҴӱϸ˦ȥһҽдӿ£硢ߵ˸ϽܹңɾʱڲԶëСȻָһ׻ըһ׹̽ڵԴһ£ȻֱӰ׹̽߷ಡһͷҡ
ɹʬײ˸ţұײԱ߷һӣƽȵˤ˵ϵʬϡ
ƽأëСү˸ϽΧûзʲô
ҵ˵ͷոǻþĿʵһļþòƽϢ
ҸϽ˵磬ȥ˶ã
ûð
һ㶣ŸոȥͱϷ˦˰˵ﻰûá
⻰ͷһǻþ˵ǱϷļжɹ˴Σôܸȥ͵ˣѵ˵Щֻ˲ѾӳҵԺ
ҷʱëС˻ڲϱʣҵûҵѹϷİ취ҵ˵ͷϽʵëû˵ʣ

ëСһüϽָ֮;߱գеɷ᣻˼кȻ֮Ϊǿ
Ǿ䡣
ҸϽƺǽһټһΪ䡯䷨ŽϷס
ʲô⣬ôأ
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Ȼ֮ԴԪνʱ˼ĸ֮ˣһΪ֮ܣѪдһƪϷġ˱Ϸİ
ɷǴӺζ
үһʻûһشأëСѾüͷ˵СӣļУ御ǲˣ
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ëСٶ˵Ͷˡ֮ΪϽ˼ʵںʦһȴӵ˵ഫ
ëС⻰ͬ⣬֮ǰҵһμƭʱСƶ˵йɺǿҵŴʦŵꡣ
ʱүȻһŵʣȻȫɷֻ֮Դ֮ˣɸѵ˵Լһ
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253 ħ
ΧĲҽɱȴһĬ
ȻëСüʵСӣ˵ԾסϷ÷ɼסˣ
סˡ
ҸϽ˵ͷëСŷģ˵ʱȷʵʦ䣬ʦ֮УЩӲ⴫ֻһִ䣬ʩĴҲһֱΪش䷨ʱûдˣ䷨ʧģܼ̳УҲһ¡
ڸô죿үԱʵ
ëС̧ɨҵıϷĬһֻ̾оסϷҲֻЧµΪˡǵָ㡭
˵䣬ëСٶȽüͷ̾˿˵֮Ǻ˵һһΪʦˣֻҪ䱾Ϳԣɷ֮ҪкϣȻ֮ѡһλкܣ˲Ҫǿ޵޷֮ˣƽ̥ſԡ
ëС˵Ҳ˳ϸһȻһϽʵëҵʶЩ꣬Ҳ֮ʿ֪Գ㲻Ϲкܣ
ҵһʵ۴ɸëСҲ˵ͷ㡱
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أ
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һʱ䣬ֳĬȻ˵ڵɷ֮ҲûʲôʵѡҪ˵Ȼ֮ҵǿƼһˡ
߻һڣҶ˹ȥͼһЦϽԶһ˵խZۣ
խZҫսҲѾˣ˸︮ãΧ︮ԱǶΪչˣҪȻĻѾˡ
һߵĺխZ۶û˵͸Ͻ˹һ㶣Ͻʵߣ˵խZۣ
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˵ĹխZѾ嵽ǰĨһϵѪ˵ʦҸ
˵ʱҫɨһֽۣ˵ÿ˵һ˶ҵûȥæء
ȱߣΪʦҪõ㶫

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˵ŻһһǿվҲˣϽӵϳһľֳ˺죡취ҿ
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ܺãԪдϷģڵĺȻ֮ʵֲǹؼؼǷĻҪЧԪѪΪīСסϷ
խZۺݺݵͷͳذ׾ԼҧһѪ˲
ս㣬Һһ𣡡
һһҲûѾ˲Լʹˣһҧɴ֮Ѫ˳Ÿ첲ʼ»һһһ˦֣ѪҲѾȾơ
һۣû˵ԼƺݺݰϣҲѾʼЧ徵ģľ
ȻΧЩ׹̽ͽҲʶ˲Ƿ׷׳˹үߵ˻Χౣ
С︮ȫϵһϣʲô룬һɡ
磬ͳϣһԻԻȻԻɷձһͲղϹŵ񡭡
һֲѧŵ徵ģһߺУǱϷȻһʼҺҽ
Ȼһͳҵķƺʩɹ֮ǰȽɱ
ȫעʱĶҶ㿪ۿűϷ͸壬ëСѾһڲһ߬ס˱Ϸһ๣ŭû취أѰ·
˵ëСһŭ𣬰סϷ๾ȥ


254 
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붼û룬ץϷǰ壬̧ͷݺݰĶͷϡ
˳ˣԭʼǻԪɢ
ҹԣͶ쾰ͻ
פϼ΢˼£֪
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ڵӰʦħΪ
ʱͼѾһĽ漴Ϸϣ𽥽ŰסһλεĴС
ʱҲѾҵķԸ׹ٵǼֱϿǲ̧ѹϷ֮á
ȻʱһıϷȴѾӵվӶͽæëСүȵڵأǽƺڿն𡭡
һˣǵڱϷǶμ֮Уʩ䡱˳ĽϷΪʲôȴУѵҵķԺ⣬ԲżЧ
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Ȼһұ֮һͷһһһѾ˺۵壬Цųһȳһ˹
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ҾһʣȻһһȴûлش
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һһңڴҶæأĶпչ˵㡭
ۿѾ˹ҸϽܹȥɺȻ;һ٣ƺ׶ԼͨͨԽԡ
ԽԽ죬Ǻ٣ͷѣ˫һͨһ͹˵ϣһʱҲ֪Լ⵽ôˡ
ʱͼһһѾЦŴ߹̧ץȴֶ̧ؿʼˡ
еɷкȻȱһ԰ɡ
ۿϷҪɣһһѾ޹˼ɵǰһüͷ˹
СѾͷҹȥνġ
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һʱ䣬綼ͻȻֹһ
һһ˲ֽذ״ĿڰγһѪѾ罦ڱϷ˶֮С
ŵıϷһֽУȻɲڽһš
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һһһһ㲻ôֽǣͽѽ
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һʱѪӿҵľǿӣŻû£ͳ嵽ѾȫɽɫŵرϷǰ˫־ٽݺݴȥ
һ˲䣬ըɢĽɫâУҲ̱һһԣŤͷȥѪνȻһĨЦݡ
ѪŭнԶ

˴һս˵Ӯˣҹɱһʮһ׹̽ڣշ²ʮˣв֪Ѿ˴Ƭ֮лΪ˻ҽʬ嶼Ҳˡ
⣬˵׹ȥսļֻʵҲ̱ɱνһսݣϷҲ·ӡ˴ڣ˵ѵڻ֮ѹȫʮСʱر
˵ķŻٶȱҲ˵ټꡢ˵ʮ֮ڣ׹̶ٰǶ޸ųˡ
ȻˣЩǺ󻰣֮ǰɽկӳǴһҴӻѹһŲϣԵһŲϣڴŶȳƻ
һлȻΣһ˲䣬Ҿʱ϶ͣڵٽһɽկһںģ֮飬ܶҵĻþ
֪֮үߴëС߽ҲŷⲻΣġ
Ҹ֣ǵĿڴһ׻
һ߽ҲƻӴȥүϽȰ˵ҶúϢɡ
ҲȥǡЦЦץͷϵİ׻͹Լ·ϡ
˭ˣڴʵе㷢飬һܸоúܿ졣
ܶ˶ˣҹ˴һս˰ʮӢӵҲ
ӣֻй֮ԵһڽһɽկһƳ˴꣬ԿóǸˣ˵ãƺû˵һ仰
һһأʡ
үһۣͷ
ǲ˵һ飬ʱëСһ˵ˣˣԼ˵ؽĵɷǲܳɹӡϷ
ҳĬˣëСֱ˵Ҳ̫ѹȻŵĺˣ͸ʱʱ̿ΪԼ׼ʦһ˵Ҳȫ޵֮˵
˵ʱһ仯ûУ֪ģͻȻһֱװƵͷˡ
ëѪ𣿡
̲סʵһһʶõˣе޷ܣ㣬ʦ
ȻëСȴûлشҲûŭȻѱ˳һˮˮҴ֮ת˳ȥǱӰԵЩį


255 Լ
ߵſȻͣһ£΢΢ͷ˵εΪǿʹñɽ̫࣬ģԵˮɣûþͻָġ
ûٶ˵ʧſڴëСԶȥĽŲį˷ָ
֪˶ãү̾˿ʣСӣ֪֪ΪʲôëĵӴ඼Ϊ
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棿ү˵ɣҾǸѪ
ˣ̫棬ű˸ܲƭʧ䵱éɽ٣ѾЩͽģѡթԣѡĮĮİ֪һһͽУصһһһԼŮոǷȷʵ̫ˡ
ү˵꣬ҲĬ֪ô⡣
ҲǾ̫˰ɣԱʵʦСôˣ
һС㣬͵һ𣬸ϽҲʵǰүСأСôˣ
˵ŻѾΡΡش˴
𼤶ǷģСںܺá
ЦЦӻ˵ҹһս֮ǧѩѾΪѾܹѺȵѶ֮󣬸δ︮ɰš
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ȻȴЦҡҡͷ˵˵ôҪ𣿡
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类õͷĬҲЦݣü룬ǶûԼĽ˵̫Ϸˡ
ϷǶϷܱѪҪðɣ
ȥˣۺߣװģģûǧѩͽҿóĹϵԲֻͬô򵥣Ϊ˽㾹Ȼһݣ㻹𣿡
һ߾ȻЦƲ˵ѧſԼˣСѩҵȻᶯݣô︮Ĺ֮һһ˲ǡ侲ܻẦˣһ˶ݣ˸ĺ𣿡
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ˣȻߵһϯȴòͬص˵ͷ
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ҪҺͻСӹ︮︮˶㲻ϣĻͬ𣿡ԥʡ
ʱүЦЦ˵㲻ö룬Ƕ֮︮ȥͳŲ˶ãЩˣʱֻ벻ͬⶼˡʧص£ʵҲȻǧ굤ڻ˽жôĿ£ǻ㾡ѹסľ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ʱѾŴվߡ
߸Ͻ׷ʣСӣϻˣҪȥ
ȥС㣬ܴҹȥ𣿡
⡭
ԥһ£үүֻǺЦͷ
ǺðɣĿǰ︮طܸӴ̫á
˵Ż߽Ҵ˲ҲϽ˳
ԹƵȶתתһȦ֮ߴ˵ݣһͣסµݺѾһ


256 ̽
ӡ֮ǰĵط︮ڴæµš
Ȼ˴֮ٶȽ˹ǵη˳ηһֱߵ˾ͷ֮ǽ£ǽһСƤȻ򿪣Ŵ¶һְťﾹȻһš
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ٹѺˣҲڽҪͷҲʹá
˵ŻţһƤŵص֮С
һܣǵذ塢컨廹Χǽڣ϶ؿһ䣬߻ͷһ£˵κҵķΧڶʧЧܶݵص겻⿴һңʵһרӡطĵط
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Ϊ̫ء
ЦЦû˵ֳ˵㣬ڵǧ굤ħ֮ʹ࣬Ƿģһϰ˾ûˡ
˵ŻѾһδȵͷһǰͣͳԿšϵְϵְꡱһſŴ˽ȥ
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һֱֱͨǰʯ·ʯ·Ѿǲ̻Ԩʯ·ľͷһķƽ̨ƽ̨ˣһС㣬һ˺۵ǧѩ
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˵ŻѾֽ̧ҵСͷϵķ䣬СüͷתѣתߣͷҲصذ˰˵ֻʮӵʱ䣬ʮ֮һǡ
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ǧѩԽԽţٶͨ죬ɸ뻹죬ǧѩѾһ˺üùѪͷʵˣ統ͣҪ㣬ҪңٸҳԲѷСҶ㲻
Ǻǣƾ㣿
ǧѩزмʵҲѹ֣Ͼֵ붼˵°ܽƲҲ
ߵˣһ°ܽʲôȨǰNɪҲ˵ʲôҾܰô
үģ
һۣûǧѩ˵أһѾץסǧѩء
ǧѩ۵õһ죬˲;ˣСԱ߿ţҲɵۡ
ʱͼ˼£֣Ц˵ѽ֪ǰӿǻϵģåڶܶ㻹ң
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ڳһƦ࣬˵ŻͿʼѿӡ


257 
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㣬㣬쵰
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㿴㣬㣬ʲôʮ𣬻ǱСѾͷ
һЦһְѿϣǰϵЦ㰡㣬Ǹ㿪Цأ
죬쵰ôŮЦ㣬̬ǧѩõۺ
˰֣Ц˰βͣסֳǧѩ˵ʵ˵ģͦģͿСһĻأСѾͷʮ֮һˣģҲС
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˭˵ɱ޹ˣ
ǧѩʱŭûȷʵ׹̵ˣɽ֮ҲʱҾѾ׹̣ôû׹κһ캦飡
Ӵԭ׹ô簡
һ㶣Ҳ̲סʵɼȻû캦飬ΪʲôСС;׹̣֪ƭȥģչҲֳܷƶ˰ɣѵȥ֮Ҫ˳ˣ
˵Ҳ׵ġ
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ˣҲˣ
ǧѩ⻰һҶʱס֮ǰСҲ˵ˣ裬Ҷûüء
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С˵һ㶣Сԥתͷǧѩ˵أʲôϵ
ĸС㣬ҵľˡ
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ǧѩɫһʱ侹˵ˡ
ηһĬСȻӹ˻ӡ
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ǡǼҲð׹캦ɣ
ҵȻҵĿֻһǾǳ׻︮ΪЩΪǲϵӣ踴ʵʧܡ
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Щƿˡ
ʱǧѩȴ̾˿ֽ˵ܿϧЩʵ鶼ʧܸգֱǰһͶ׹̣ʵ˽չ׹̵ĽС֪˺ȴֻһһʵҲһֱڼš︮ȴʱ޿̲׹̣׹̵ʵ鶼ƻһҲˣ˭֪׻ҪСĸ
Ҿõһ㣬ǾΪԭ򣬲Ҫ︮
ȶ̵ģԭ򻹲ҵĸֻΪ£ֻΪŮһƬТģҵþ裬κͼֹҵˣҶ顭
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СĻģѱһֱģҰŻһƽʵС㣬ףֵ׹̶ӯû︮࿹⣬²¶һꡭ
Ǻǣ浱︮ĶЩʲô𣿡
СȻһЦ˵ȶ̵ģˣشǸ㣬㣬硢磬˸Ͷ︮նڻҶѣֻƭ㣬ʧȥüֵͳǵ䡭
㣬˵ʲôء
˵һ㶼û˵֪
ˣС
С㻰δ˵꣬ļźȻѾɫҴҵس˽


258 ҵĹùý走
һ߳˽СϽ죬ض߿
ҸϽʵôˣѵôʮӾ͵ˣ
ҲŵøϽѻûüϵϵĿ˿ٺЦ˵ɱᰡɶûɰͳ
ѽʲôʱǻ֣Ͻߣ
˵ŻקҾߣҸϽʣôż׳ʲô£
ˡ
ɫ԰ף߳η֮Ͻ︮˵˯ȥҺúÿ֮κ˲׼롭
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һӦѾקǿ첽ȡ
һһ˵ƺļˣҪϳʮ±ýĿǰλȫټһúֵģƽȣû֪ͨλߣѾȰϢ˳ȥ
ôˣֺͷϢѵʲô𣿡
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ѽôǶƵģ
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˵Żңŵ˵ùˣΪϳʮȨСơһķ߶ġ
㣬˵ʲôҹùãֲĶйùð
ҺٺЦߣǲ˼Ҵɵˣ
û֣ȷʵиùãȡ
ߴɽʱùûСүүߣֻ㸸ĸɽҴӴ˷ӡס˵ļ䣬ϣһԴ̫̫֮ƽƽĹӣʱ˶Ϊ׵ĹùѾڸɽУʵûУҴҸƾʱүү洫ԼȳļڵؼԼһͷǰƾΪʮеһԱ
ңҹùá
ôһ˵һԼүոո֪Լʱƺȷʵᵽһùã˵Ѿսڸɽˡ
뵽־òˣϽ˵һ£ҹù滹ţѵ˵үҲ֪Ҽǵ֮ǰиùõѾѽ
˵ǵȻ֪ùûţүү֪£㸸ĸΪʧĹϵû˸ҸἰŵʱүǾʱδԲûнɡ
˵ŻѾֲ︮
ֲſѾһƬҰǰһͼԶĿյվһȺˣΪ׵һǸʮ˾ʮͷŮˣɫ´źīںɫҲǺɫģһߵ׺ӵϺУһֳȣһŲۡ
˵ĺ棬һȺʮСһ߸ݡͷиаǸƯϴ·ɫ߸ˣȻֲͬɫԶһ֪ĻΪǲʺɾء
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СܽᷢʲôݼĹùðɡ
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һһڣүһƾҺ׶ϣ۵ֱ죬Ͻͣүռұ˵ģ
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үһڣҲŷӳ˹ϽǸŮ˵ϸһ˵ϸٵеҰְֺүү
Ů۶Ҳ˵Ϊ˻ΣҸϽЦǺǰһͷ˵ǣʲôҵĹùã走
ﲻ走ȣ
裬走š
ŮֱۣҲˣŤͷͳߵϺй˵ʦ˰ɣ˵ܵΣȻҵֶӣܲ︮ǰ;ðգ̫ˡ
ȣλʦǰ˵һ
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ùûͦģߺëСЩ籲屲ĸǰһӶ
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˵ֳҵһۣźο㻹ôҵֶӣҲԲ︮˿Ц
Ѿ˵ĺˣСֻǻС˼ʱθȨǻСƣֲ
Сƾ͸ˣûСȷʵӵԹ︮ڵѾٶ꣬ÿһ춼ڸı䣬Ѿ컻Ŀȫǣøǰ︮ⲻ
ܲܽ
߱úҴкӣҲôˡ
࣬ϺиϽǰʼȰܡ
ҳûϽү˵үͺ¿˭ҪļٺУ
죬С治֪


259 ֶԾ
үݺݵһۣС˵ԵɽΪˮ룬һʮɽһսһʮΪɽԮʦսˣֻѣһүү䡢ëСǺΪ׹̽ʣˣλ˫ɮ˹үүѾûˣҲѾʮҲ˵λʦԼëСˣǵһʮнλλ︮нħܼ
үﶼһֹҲһϽʣôţǵ֧һߵģ
ϻȻǱùýģȻ֧ùһߡ
ү˵꣬˵ˣ走ùþȻһŪλëСһĸߵĴǺΣգ
ʱͼȺȻһָңߣʱ˵СƵûӹ︮˵Ҫȱ۵ֶӵλСƵ˼壬Ҿ;ԲӦ
˵˭ȱأ走
ֱ˹ȥĶ֪ԷֻһۣһεɱѾϮŵ̲סһ£̫ˡ
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㻹ǲܲϣǿŶʱըʱĶʱը
˶ԺԽԽ꣬λùãһ˼ҵĹùͷһμֶӣôҲ͸͵ɣãռȰҸһͨĶĹùã
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һ˵꣬ͼȵĽźȻһûҿѾýһʯͷҵϡ
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Ǻǣܰŭѹһʱѹһǹǧ굤ͲܿƵģʧء
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˵ŻѾֲ˷µĿڴͳһķĻɫ򿪲װŵһöĴСӡƹŴƵ۹ԱӡһĶƳȳȵģӦͭġ
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ȣ̫Σˣ
߸ϽֹȲ˵һõʮ۸һСڵǧ굤֪֮жΣ𣿡
ΣգڳѵƷЦ˵
⻰ʱһУ走ߣëСĶֻ
û׹أѾתͷЦ︮һƽ¼ȻλƱƽһʱֺϵߣôõĽ취ߣ㲻ͬҺ֣˵СӶûģôóϳʮĴ㣬ĻɱҲ顭
ȣô
һʣٶЦǺǣܼ򵥣ҽԱ֧ҵԼ︮ĳԱŻµ֮︮󣬵һ£òȻĻ쵰
ȣ㡭
Ƕˣ
ۿԽԽңŭ走ҪǲǣðҾ򣡵ҲһҪʮûʧرߣ͸ϽҴͺ¿ԺҲҿĺݶĹùá
ҺȻţɱһһؽ棬ʱֳȵԱߵ˹˵ʦܣ곤˵ͺ¿ָǣ
ʦ֣š˹Ǹˡ
ʱͼüͷˣֻ˵ȣҪԣϾмλڳܸǵľɣ
߻˵꣬ͺ¿ѾһŷһŲӣӣ
ٿһֱԹ۲ëСҲüͷ΢΢ס
ʱ򣬾һԴ
ǺãҲֻͬ⡣
һ˵ģȻԵү


260 ռ
ү㡭ôǡ
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ү΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ︮ˣôܸ︮ϵôС
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˵үԾЦЦҲԱ߾ȵ˵Ӵ︮ҲܳԿðʦӡ
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ү˵ųŭĿӵϺһֹ̧֣˵λڴʦЩƺûйʹ︮û뵽쾹ᱻɽ
ҶҲڸжѡ
źЦ֮֮ǰô︮£Ҫ︮ҲδֹôĴжϳٲ棬ֻ︮ǰ̰
ǰδֹôĴ󣿡
Ҳˣһ˵ôأ֪㲻Ǹأ
ұ죡
ۼλʦ޻˵ɫףȵһۣ첽ͳ˹
αض˵ҪԸȽҶʮ˵
ùãء
ûȶ֣ûע⣬һһŻֽѾϼû뵽üͷûһ£֮һУѾýָסֽı߽ǣѷۡ
һֽ˲ȼһ˵㻹ǸڵĴˣȻɽĻүүͲѧԼ
ùãɽҴˣۻϼаɣ
˵ҴӺγӣһչ˿Ķ֪ûأͼѾǸСͭӡһֻӡһģӡϷءһ죬ҺȻ;ͻȻһ飬ָ˲ʧȥ֪Ҳ˵ϣһ£ҲͻȻİҲ˵ء
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͵Ϯ潻ʲô͵Ϯ
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㻹ǸڴˣȻԼֵķûУǿЦ
˵ʱԱ߽ǵغССһ㣬ùǸ֮һĳӡʦҡ֮⣬ǿֱ㸸׺ùɶʮǰ㸸׵ķѾڸɽϮʱʧӡеΨһһ
һ˵ָ֮ǰȷʵ˵ɽɽӡΪéɽ׻䷨Ǹ÷
һоϵ齥ˣҸϽƴվּӾмܡ
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ҿɻˣ˵ⷨҲ̫ˣôԶ붼ֱӰҸˣӦԡ
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ɣƺСɫҰ׺ȦһҲ֪϶ˣǰǴ˵ðġ
Ҵ򣡡
һ£ֻС̽ɡԳ𣬽ɡٹͷֱ֮ͦͦԭضҿعЦ
ſСȫѩ׵Ѫ죬֮ǰҲùһΣһҴһ֮ǰÿϰ
ոգּ⣬Ϊʲôڹ컯֮¾ͳ֣
û׹ѾźɡЦųҷȷվ
ת˲֮Ѿ嵽ҵǰǰͷһСŮ˦־͸һ֮ͣûҷأѾƮ˺棬һСк嵽ǰһ͡
ֻС͸Ŷһһһ̧ȣһת۶ʮӴԴеˣԱֱУأְЩƱôţŶӴ򣡡
纰ʱҲż̧Ҫ򣬸ûǹǹѾ棬ָһգһСѾƮžӸҪǮƵģˡ
ʱںһЦǲҲ֣Ϊڰже֮ѺֽɡΪҽħʣ⡭
˵ʱʵҲѾһ⣬ƺ˵һںɡ棬ȱÿδʱҪִɡһ֣ɹĵطͿʼðˡ
ˣҪôɡ֡
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261 
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ǸǸְp̫֣ҡ
ʲô
pҲˣø첲ּߵķһ£ߵʲô֣̫ռطˣһɡôðҪȥɣҺͺԸ͹ˡ
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Сǧ굤Ļ˶֪ˣ˵С
˾ҪϽȰ˵pˣ˵ء
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pֻҲ˵֪֪֮ǰҲ˵ġ
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غͬźɡһͨȻֶںɡӴ߾ʹһš
ΧΧŵĿһȺħĸ֣ȫӣŴžڵϴѽѷˡ
ιιӺòãι
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pһҶʱͷ˵סһܲǲǣߣ첲Ҳˡ
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ҵǰ壬ûעһѾͽɡ˹һգ̺һðһ۵Ͻɫ꣬Ӹһ䡪
СӸǵţǣ´γȥ
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˵ŻһΣֱӰѰȲһ𣬺ݺǰһȣʱһѪɫ˲䴵󷭷ɣİɡҲֶ
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ԺأҿһŻ𣬻𽥽ɢΧһȫȼҰС
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Īܸоǹǧ굤ڲͣҴܣҵ忪ʼľƴ̧ͷ첲Ѿʼ˺
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ŭ·ѾȫܿƵشͷӿ֫ҲֹҴӵľģұһѪɫĹվʱȴһԭأҡ
˵һ䡭ҡ㡭
Ǻǣ̸ʲôʮУżУѾмܲסˣԶǷ
һЦȻɨһ۽ŵΧˣ˵Ƕ˰ɣôܵΣ׼ɣȫʧһ˿ɲ׶Ը
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262 ֮
˵⻰ʱΧ˶סΨ㵵ȴ޵һ˿Ŀ⡣
ûᣬѾ𽥻ָҲѾȫˣԵ˵ӡٺЦ˵ùãҿⶫĲػҲԡ
˵Żҳӡõײ׼ȣһֻڳӡһģ˲ءһ촫˵оͼһ͸ӰһţѾݵض㵽һԣԶȵıһ㿪ȻһҽУѾ鴤ŵ˵ϡ
ѽСʲô
ֱ֣Ҳס֮ʱڶЦ˵һӡֵûֻûʲô׼ͷϹǲǣ
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һۣһξӡ׼һ£һ˲Ӱܳת˲֮ѾεĿҲټӰֱһɹ˸շʱ΢һĲ֮ҲӰˣȾȻÿζܴݵضӡȫһ
һҵȻӡģɶ˵ɺôͬʱѾûҼ˹ŵøϽˡ
ʱȻЦڵķȻϴ˶ʹãɲ˭óġ
˵ŻȺȻ䣬һ˲䣬Ҿ;ǳӡͻȻ֣һżӡѾֶŵϵȥʱѾ嵽Ҹǰٶһ˹һȻץ˻ûڵϵӡһּ佫ӡ׼ҵؿڣͺݺȥ
ءһ屻εײֱӵ˳ȥǲۣǻѾֿʼԣҲʹһ˿ˡ
Сӣ㻹Զء
ûһָѾһŲҵؿڣһЦ˵ȻĸȻһξʹӡļɣҲΪϴˡ
һ⻰ڵҲٺЦùҲôˡ
Ȼô룬ЦŽӡҵĶͷϣһ㶣Ͻʵùʲô˼ҲˣҲûбס𣿡
СոձֵȷʵϧһǲǺΪϳʮ𡭡
ȣ
ȵĻҲվ˳ŭΪõߣô
Һʱ˵ҳ
ȻͷһۣЦ˵ֻǵ˵Сڶʮ֮ڲʧأӮңˣʹжûء
⻰͵һҲ֪ǶģҲѾȫסƺұ⣬ѾҲʲôˡ
Ͼ֮ǰȷʵ˵ģʮûҲֻܼ
һʱоѾǹ˳ȻбֻһξͲʧˣٽʮеĻɾ͡
һʱҲȫû⣬ӡͰҵĶͷϣҲֻܵˡ
ʱЦ˵СոԷ佫뻷صһʹྭ֮Уָоܰɣⷨ䣬ʹ˿ɻɣùõ̫ģֻ¹شֻίʹһˡ
˵ŻȺȻ֣һ¾Ҷͷǿӡϣһ˲СˡһӾеļ䣬͸ȫƵġ
һֿʼ䣬һȴվʹϣߺүں涼ˣ׷ںȣôҲֶӣֶδҲ̫ݶˣܲˡ
֣֣ͣͣʧأҶʲô¡
ȸˣ䣬˲͸˽ĺһȺӿ»øʹ࡭
ĺӻҽйҸˣģһɤӵʹˡ
⻢۵ĻֱӸˣ
Ƣһ˭סһߣӾǰ壬ȻһϺ߸ŮѾסȥ·иŲͬķŭ˭ǰɱۡ
ģɫӾΪ߸һҾͺ£ӵڵϵĴºſһҹߴɣ
ɲǣֱӾǰ壬û뵽߸ŮҲǺöԸģûʲôѾѽһҽŵزˣžͼ߸ŮȿֺسȥΧɸȦߣ籧Դվվˡ
ãԸоŭѾԽԽǿˣǹһνҵȫһεƣһθˡ
ʱҺȻԼоԼڲڲڲ
оһĲңýŲҵҲ΢΢üʼŵɨܡ
ȻһֽƺǴӵص´ϸһƺʲôʹĲҽУĲѾԽԽǿˣһʱ˶ȴ֪Ƿʲô
ɾʱȻءһӵ´һʱҾ͸оʲôѾײұһûȷӦأ֮¾ѾըһʯҶʲôײ÷
ŷʯͼһɫӰѾƴܣһֻŰë
ԣ򣡿ϸֲ򡭡

ҸһУѾͨһ˵أͼڿնֻץҰڣͷ˵ϵƤëϻֳദˡ


263 ӿڳ
ʱҲ˵أվʼ˴ϵĻ磬ûҸ˵أȻһֽдոĶﴫ˳ѭһͼһͮͮĶѾӶһŻ͵˳
չ˫ͣ˿УβͺܳһֻҰɽǱɽĸͷ󣬶һһȼյĻš
ξܵĺҲŹ㡭
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˻Ϊ±ͺ¿ڻأһߴһֱ֣һż԰ѷҲˣ̧žߡ
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Ҳŵ˿ĭ˵Ҳͺ¿ĺްǰһֱΪֹжʲô컨׹ҷʲôģôţåҲûɶֱ𰡡
ȺŹ±ʱҹù֣ͣϵĻ˹һɨһۣ˵ˣղŹŸ߶м˸ˣǰҰ·éɽżȻˣҸ仰
Ұ裿
һ⻰⡱һϽʵĶڻ𣿡


264 ɽ漱
һʣ΢΢ЦģǺܺãϧ˷ǣүүǵļĨȥô꣬ЩҲһֱҲǵ䣬Ҳ֪ǻéɽһ棬ϣ˷ǣҶˡ
˵һЦҸϽο˵ùһϣȫѾʮˡ
˵ˣҽŶʮŶѡ
ȵһЦֶ˵濴СֶʱҲϲģǵõʱڸɽʱûأʱͱ㻹Сƽʱɽ͵͵ǣֶء
ϯͷȲԾЦ˵ˣ㸸ĸ˵ƺһֱѰľ䡭
ľѾҵˣԭѾϳأһһëСҸϽ˵
ȵ˵ͷ˵Ѿë˵ˣֻʱ㸸ĸʱһ֪
ҰĶҸϽʣûµ绰ʲôģùϽ֪ͨһҰ
ϧǸϵʽţ˵ӳʱ̫æˣ绰ûҲû·ѣһ·ǧյéɽҪŷȥġ

Ҳ̫ģҿԵðװֵģӦҲûʲô
ȸϽο˵˵ˣǵĵѾָˣ;һ·Ǹ࣬Ҳ׬·ѣõǡ
ôһ˵˲٣˵ʵʱϾԼҲһһΣգôʱһûǼΣͽжǧĸǣĸǧɡ
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ʦһ⻰Ͻ˵ȿȣʦܣǳء
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ʱͼҡߵ˳±ĸǰһ˵զӣǶ֮ǰ͸˵ô꣬ûУǶǵѶ࣬Ͳţ֪Ƕû
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ŵøϽ㣬Ͼһ·ϸŰҲǹԺգһ߱˭Ҳûٴһ֮תԹڵϿ޵ĳ±˵ôʯͷ޶գҲԵɺˣǲɱ㣬Ͻ߰ɣԺɽҺúУñǵϡ
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265 7V7
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ССءء
˲һ㶣һ¾öϽѭݴԴһͼݴѾԲĴӡ


266 ѡ
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ʵС֮⣬㻹ĸûѡأ׼˭ϣ
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Ʋ죬Цҹù֮ǰҲ˵ˣⳡҪȵŶӺǿʲôϵϤõֶ֣侯Ųʧġ
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Ͻͷһָϣ䱸ضⲽˣƺʱ׼һ
үȴЦЦ˵ߣ㻹˽СӣƢһ˭ֹ˵ģŸɣ˳˼
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үһЦʾתȥСǧѩᣬǶתȥǣͼ˵ĺԼԼųһɫĹ
ʱүЦ˵Ѿϵģ˹λʦæ˵ĺ֮ӡö׷ӡ
׷ӡүʲôҾʵ
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ȻѾˣ硢ҫնӡС㡢ǧѩǶ׼û
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ҸҪĻֽǸõģѾЦ˵ˣڰֻϵĻֽ˺Ե
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͵˵ոƭǳˡĶҩ
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һɫĹ㣬ںͬĽֵϣԽԽӽ
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һ˲䣬Σ͵һϯͷҸϽʱ˳ͼѵ绰˿绰¼ʮĸ绰룬һԼֻţʮ绰ȫûд洢ֻǵĵ绰Ŷѣ
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ж֣Ҿˣ˵ܣл֮ƣϾֵʵǶû͸أɶԷȻ˸󣬵ǸŮģͱҲˡ
ۿ˹붼ûӭȥûץأŮȻһӣȻҵĲӸסһֻҶһƣȻѴ֮ͰҸ
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˵ĶǸŮģֱǸļҪܣʱžડһֻȻѾӿڴﱻ˳ˤ˵ϡ
ʱǰ˺üͷȥ񣬿СŮѾЦһҵֻ
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ҸϽͳ绰һӣ̾洫һ
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ȻŮԡҴ˳ǵǵǡͳ˳ֳҺǲµûóȻ޵ҲޣͺЩèèһסˡ
һ⻰ҸϽʵǧѩû˵ôԸ
ǧѩ˵ˣȻ۸ʵȴһֻҪ취ķЩͿɲơ
绰˵꣬̾⣬ס̹ͳӾǰ塣
СҪ
һסңʵòֱӳȥɣضèôȥǵֱӰû˲ɡ
ģӰǶ߾ˡ
ӣܹ˵ǰ棬أ㱻ˣ
ݺק˵
ֻһ취ϽɵǸǶ군
õضԺʱȻһҽУǰpѾ̹һȭͷɢһѪɫɢ
Сһ㶣Ҫﰢp𣬿̹͵һţҲѾɢ٣ֻʣСһ˻ƴס̹Ȼƾһ֮Ҫָ̹֣ȫûκεĿܡ
ƲһۣT˺ֶ˵ֵܣ֪żǧܳ嶯ڳȥǱɣȽͻᱻЩҧ侲ۻûأһõķ
˵껰ɿҵĸ첲һͳ̹˹ȥ
Ƕܴͦѽ棡


276 ư
ȥʱ̹ҲѾһȭС飬һŭһȭͷ˹ȥǲŮˣһȭɴ֮綼Ѿ۵ˣ̹ȴֻŤŤӣ𡭡
һԼȭͷûãҲеηˣɺȻͼ̹һץסĲӣû㿪ȭѾĶϡ
۵һƺߣɶ㶼û㣬һѾͰ̹ס§һȭ̹ϡ
Ҹ㣡ӾûŮˣҵģ
˵ʱͼ˻§ţһȭһȭѽѷ֡
ŲסҸϽҪܹȥæȴݺݵһۣ˿Ѫĭң취ȸɵǸ·椶ȳ
̬ȼһʱҲû⣬취ֱӴȥİ취ȷʵвͨʲôİ취أ
뵽ԺкȻһϽȳסһ㡭
˵ѾֳŮԡ
ԡУ顢ȹ⡢üѾǧѩΧм䣬üԱ͹ȹһڿսǧѩ֪Լֻ̹ڻϣֱȡ飬ɻǽȥ磬ץץ
ۿǧѩ˺Ѿ˺ˡ
Ȼҳԡңǧѩֵһۣһм˵͹һߺӦ
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ŵøϽˣʱͼȹͷɨһǧѩսˣֺü飬˽ûɣ
һ⻰üһЦĽǣŲ˶á
ãҾȰûõĶӳʰ
˵䣬ľϵĳȹ˦־ͳҼһŻֽŵõͷ͹Ǻ壬һ߳һ߻ͷ͵ɨ׷ĳȹ⣬ˣҵֻϣɱѽ
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Ҷתת첽ŮԡңȹҲѾľ׷˳ľɵٶȺܿ죬üҶȹһץס
ƴҧǰܣŮԡءȣһͳϴԡĿտôӭžײ˹ȥءһײϣͣ
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˵䣬ѳŻֽ˦ҡ
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ǳȹ⡭
ųȹ⻹ûҸϽĿڴѳһֱֻֻˤڵ飬һʱȴĴ
ôȻҵС첻󣬵Ҳûɱʬħ֮ĶŹֻǸŮǵͬˡ
С㻹ԥʲô
ڴﱧ̹һȭȭԴҶŭ
ĴǿɲŹ㰡ֵܣ
硭ǡ
ɷ򲻾Сڣ㲻ˣǣ˴һ군ʱˣɱɵ
ǰʱˣĴȥֻẦԼˡ
£еáɱоȣе飬ԶԵġ
ʱͼȹѾҰȺЩҰǡ۸ۺᣬҧһ´ͳһذ׾ͳ˹ȻǶҶɱġ
ɨһ˹ҸϽ㣬һ˦ҵֻѾֶųȹ˦˹ȥ
ȹѾͿˣĶ˵ϱģһҰʲôԼƿûؾһն˹ȥ
ֻܷ˲һϣʱͼĿ¶ֵ̿سȹһȻֻһͨһ˵ϡ
⣬ǡô£
͵һѵ˵ϵֻͲԼģǳȹģ߸ˡ
òǰֻ˰ɣĻǽԼȫ˱˵У


277 Ů
ȹѾϢҲ˲ΧΧһȺΧȺڣϽȹʬȥֻȻڳȹҵһֻ
ץֻҪңȻһЦѾӴ洫
˵ǸͨȻʿû뵽ôʹ򣬵ϧѽ㡭Ӯˡ
Ц̹˵Żֺݺݸһȭ
˿Ѫʵ⻰ʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥣ȹϵֻʵҵģ֮ǰߵֻʵģǵֻȷʵڳʱͽ
Ϊʲôôҳ
ȻΪ˶ѵİȫҲڵ֪˵ĵ֮ڵйƣһŶӣԼĽѵľĶûУʲôŶӣ
̹Ц˵⻰ʱ͵һ
˿ѪĭֵʣСŵĵ绰ģ
Ҹƭ㣿
̹˵꣬ȻͼɿĲӣ͵һž˹ȥ̹˲շڵأɻûվأѾ绰ߣԼĽűߡ
Ǹ
̹һ㶣ʱҲѾԼĵ绰˳̹绰ԱߣٺһЦ˵˵û򹻣ҳôҲûŮ˴ôˬƽһս
ָŵϵ绰˵
һڣ̹кȻһ˿ݣܿóǸж𾪡
㣬𣿡
ֻǸȻʿἸУӲƴ㣬ᱻҴġ
Ƕ˵˭˭ﻹһأܾǴܣ򲻴򣿴򣬾͸
֮У̹ѾٶžͼѪͷҺһЦֵܣȥǧѩ硣
磬㡭
ϻ
Ȼ綼øǶˣһصԺ󻹻ʲô죿ֵܵġҲúÿ
סݺһͷ磬ˡ
˵ŻҴϽֳŮԡԡУüǧѩɼսԷһ֣ǧѩ˲٣ȥһһ߽ü߷ڵأѾǽ˳͵Ϯĺԡ
ǧѩɫۿŻȭͷѾӽһתסĸ첲һˤͽˤڵأһʱֻһžʴĿӿڴѾֻ绰
üͻһ绰ˣϽȥץǧѩҲʾȥͼĳüѾץ绰Ҫץǧѩĸ߸ЬЬѾһŲȥ
飡ܣ
üһУתֻֽ绰˦飬ʱǧѩѾЬֻ绰һŲ顭
һ˲䣬ͼҪĳüȻһŰֵ˵ϣץֻֻĻϽǽꡪ
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ΣͷҳŸһܽһŭ𣬺ʱһžƨϡ
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ҲûȻȫȥûһھҧס˻Ŀţǰһܣӵסǽһৡһ黹ǽȥʱȴ
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˵ŻǧѩǽϺݺ£е飬ǽѾҲ˽סҪڳͶһʱһСô
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ʱҲſԱȰͳɣܲϽͶʲôأ
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һӮˣǧѩûСӣݡ
Ҹȥ䣬ʱϵĵ绰ȴȻҸϽͳ绰һһİ룬Ȼֻ洢ʮĸ֮һ
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֮ǰڽͨҫ绰ʱҼǵ˵СһµŮˣɵķװɫȻŲͬ·ɫȴǰģѵҫָĴɫ·Ůˣ䣿


278 
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˵ûõģ㵽׻ʲôıƣʹҲͷʵ
绰ֻǴһЦЦ£˵ʵҲûʲôֻǧѩһ¡
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ҽԼĵ绰ķһ⳵ϣ⳵ͣӪҵߵļ󣬶Է׷ŵͼȥңҲһʶҵļıһǵ͹䡭
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Ҫĵĵ⣬ɾⳡνȥ⡣
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ʱԱ˵С澯ѾˣҪ︮ھֵ涵ţѾԾڶŹץˣϽǽǸûӵģܰɡ
һҲ԰ȰѱǧѩǽĻ£һע⣬ܵˡ
ɸôǽŪأһʱҷѡ
ԥ̽˵ѽͱīˣϿϿ죡
¶һåҲ֪ʲôҪ˼ûӣҲôˡ
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ǸΧȥץˣʱͼһɫӰѾӻδɢ̳һƻҲ˲ʲôûˣûӦץֻֻ͵سſڡ
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ҪܣϽﵽϣ޴ʼһͨ׷嵽һѾΪˣ˼ʮڿֳ֮⣬ſڻΧ˺üʮֵģһûӳ˳ȥſһƬȻ˶ֻ˳
һҲɵˣһɨԱǽڣ˾ľǽײ˹ˣûȥ˵ڶͷײ˸۵û߿ޱǧѩҺ·ˣȻҵķ
ʱҺҲѾ׷˳һҲûİ취ˣԹƨɾܣȺдľˣЩֳľ춼ɵۡ
ɻҲ˲ôˣżȺܣǾƴ׷ܣ׷ܣ׷ȵȻֻܲӵģûһĹͱ׷ϡ
ͼһͷСǶ֣ҧһڣܣ
С
ɲǰһ̽ӾͽһѳסҲæûֻֻ˹ۿžҪֻ붼ûֱӰֻֻһˤ˲û֪
Ǹ㶨ЩѾͷҳһ
δ︮ľԱٷһˣǴŻʬֻϴԡſڣԱǹȻûߣôʬҲδ̫ˣ԰ԼĿˣϡ
ֽϴԡһҲѾûϢȻҸոˤֻһģʱִӴ˺Ƭ򵥵ѳüʬҲ汻Щ˸⡭
һ֮Ѿˣֻʣһ
ɾʱԼĵ绰Ȼѵ䣿
ҸϽͨ绰ɴ洫ȴүСӣеΣ
ҪңжҡҲЦŴ
һ˵꣬ȴүҲЦЦ˵ҸոһֱڷֲﶢǵıЩСӱֵĶʣµǿҪСˣҡҲܼǵıˡ
ŶҪȥĶʵ
˴ֵܸոմϢ׹͵ϮǵøϽȥһˡ
׹̣
֣⡱һ˵ǲŸո˴˰̣ôô;ѵǱűϷȥģ
ʱүڵ绰˵֮ԼСİɣȻʼͲֹͣ׹ʱͻȻ£¡ʲôıˡ


279 
׹̲Ÿո˴һ̣ھңⲻѰ·𣿡Ҿʵ
ȴүڵ绰лش𣺡һǾԭ򻹲ӦǳµĻȥģϷ׹̵֮һ˴У׹ưոݣǣǧҪСģߵҪξ˵ħҲѾ˴¶棬ߡëСҪϹȥߵıʱùú˫ɮȫȨˡ
ʲʲô
⻰ҸסϽ˵ү˿ɶǷߵģһҪڱʲôֽŹⲻǻʤĻǲˣ
ɷģ˺ôҲ𼶵ʹֱӵֶΣ˵ˣ˹λʦ¸أƫĵģǡ
үһ£̾һ˵ùãȷʵҪСһΪãν֮ĲС֮ĲΪ֮ɡ
£绰Ѿ˽βүѾҶ˵绰
һ룬ʲôҺΪ֮ѵҲҹùΪ˻ʤʹʲôɾֶΣ
ϾѾеֵزˣʲôҲǶģü˵ʬ֮硢ҸϽ뿪ϴԡģô̫̫ע⡣
һû˵СͬϢʱֶͣزˣȻѾǽƣˣټأֹܲۡ
ȥҽԺҸСһ˿ڣȴһھܾˣҡҡͷ˵ֵܣĹңϽС䣬˵ʵе
ҵ˵ͷ˭˵أѾͷѾʧ̫ˡ
ҸϽԼֻͳһ˹ˣһµɫܱͣߵĺϣ֮⻹һֵ󡭡
Ŀǰ֧һʣˣҡ硢С㡢䡢ԼǸɫĮŮŵͼȴֻ˸ĸɫģɫֻһһȥĶˣܲʱСˤֻɱ˰ɣ
һ벻ףʱͼѾǽվһ˵ͱ𷢴ˣ֮ʲôվǻҪȥУȻͼС꣬ߣ۾ȥС㡭
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統ʱ͵ֺСӣҵĺֵܣСҵĺõãʲô鷳۶֪ôϢҪڲǣԹϢһʲôô磿
˵һظʱͿ˼ֱѪ
塭
û±ңʵúܣ
˵ͬߣҸϽ˵磬ҪҪ
ҪʲôҪǶƵвУȥȥС㣿
硭ҵ˼ǡҪҪӣ֮ǰԼĿӸˣⶼˣʹö𣿡
ѽôһ˵һе䣬֮ǰ̹ѻˣ㲻˵һûע⵽
ЦЦ˵˦ŰӾͬߣ߳ȥʱÿһ´Ӻͬ·統һŭ𣺡ιվס
˵ģӦǳԼС꣬ŮŴԵÿˣͻȻһŵ˶סͷһͼͬѾҡڵ߳˸Ѫʹöľ׳ϻŵöᶯˡ
ֱӳ˹ȥ̧һָ˵㣬ҽ
һ⻰ŮŵáۡһͿϽ㣬ҲŵˣӻսսſֱסŮ
󣬴磬ҪǮǸ𣬱𣬱Ůѡ¶
ʲôѽ
ߵ˸ǰһѾס˲Ӿͬߡ
ҵľ㡭
˵ˣ˼ȴûգ۵ĹѾǿק˺ͬŵҲˣ磬㣬ҵһΡһΰ
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ģ㿴ݵĸƵģͲֵٳ
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ɱѽʵҲţŮѳȹҪպŴ
С
绹ûϾСУ֮Ϊ߾͵£ǽӹȹϣںһֱӾˣǻ棬ֱĿ䳬ȹ̳ëüһϸ˺˿Ƶġ
˵˾䡰ллСӸϽˣֳһ˵Ÿɶأ߰ҾСȥ
ҺŴӾлϽԹԸȥɳ˺ͬûãȻֻ죬һĲҵģֻ
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˵Ż罫ֻݸңԭǵʾ
ô˵ֻĵȫԳŵߵ֮𣿡
⡱һ˵ʱ뵽ĵһԭ򣬾Ǹùȡ
ѱڵ绰ֽš
ҸϽͳҵֻһ£ҲӲëëӼгֻһֻۣĵаٷ֮ʮĵ硭


280 ¹µľȱ
ֵܣ⣬զ졭
һϼսһû¶һ˿һػţһ³׻ˡ
ϾֻǵϢϢأҹù֮ǰ˵ֻ𻵻ػǵһû
һ£ҸϽο˵ȱżҲûİ취ˣϽҸطŪȥֻĵ乻˵
Сô죿
ǡ
˵ʱҲᶨƵص˵ͷ
ȻԸҲûİ취ˣҲֻܴӦ
ڽϷ֣ȥҳֱСָķ
ƺҲڵС㣬һ·Ϸ۵糸ŶʮӵĹѾ˺ߣֻһСɫƺǰԶѭǷһһƬȫһӰ
С㵽Ķ
ҴϽźкС㣡СûУ˵ѽ
˺üûκεĻӦ
ں޼ƿʩʱȻ¹ƽĺ棬ӺĵλѾſһˮʼʱˮܻҲ΢һΪˮζܿ;ˮƲԾˡ
ͼһȦȦӿĲԭԽ죬ԽԽţӲչĺĴѾγһСУһ£Һע˹ȥ
ʱһɫӰѾнθһͷĳȻǴˮģȴûһ˿ˮͷ΢һʼ΢΢ڶ
˲䵹һֻѾϳϴԡˮֻ̹ҲǸŮˡ
ʱԱһѽѵõⷨǵʧѾõıˮ
ˮʲôҸϽʵ
ش˵ⷨǰʱи׷ɱҵĵʿͻж椶϶ȵʱǵʿö࣬Ϊʱ׷ɱǵʿˮʱû÷ԼˡⷨƺѾʧ˼ˣȻᡭ
ʱŮѾȫˮ¶ֻŲˮϣƽء
üͷϽιСˮ椶˭ȻϣƺòʺɫģĴŴ磬ӦʲôԲԣ
ٺһЦδҲ椶òཷɣ
Ǻǣǲµû
ŮһЦʱһ˷ܵؽеҲ¶Ҳ¶ˣཷ
Žཷ˵֮ǰЩµöԡ
Ůһ䣬˵ҽˮ
ʲôڵ˵ʵҪǸϽʵȱûõˣСĶ
ˮһָЦ棬ҲãŸһʼȻ͸ҷֵһطϧˮɲҵĶ֣Ǳҷˮףֱˡ
ȻֲôߵʱʼСһֱû֮ûɱС㣬Ҳ֪ΪСϹء
ʵɻһҲףֻأΪʲô⸽û꣬ݵͼ϶Ҳꣿ
ҲˮˮܸۡϨɱˡҲһС
˵ŻѾǰڴͳһֻû˵Ӹҡ
Ҹհѵ绰ֿڵСĵ绰ڻǡ
ŶͲŵ绰ܵ
£ǸܣҾ͸ֱɱ
ЦС㣬ҹƽһսֻҪսʤңҵĵ绰Եַ͡
˵ʱһǷʱԱҧгݵ˵椶קѽϧûҪȻˮһǵû˺ɣ
⻰ȫţһǰҲʼˣǰδеڶá
ǻԥʲôǲҰһѡ
˵䣬Ȼһ̧֣һһˮǽѾ˲Ӻз˰ߣҺһŵøϽܣûܳԶأѾǶˮǽ˵ϣˮҺ棬ûѾͨһˮ
һͨϽԴæ
Ķ֪Ժ𣺡ֻסɲŬѾ˴һԪˣȥ
ˡ
ֱǸϽץ˲İȣʱͼָһˮоͷ·мε߲סҵ֫һקˣϸһоǲߣһٵˮˮаڲҵ壬ˮĲٿߣɾˮϵ
ˮھҲѷˡ
˵һ̧֣ҺֻѾˮˣǻ¶Ѿʪ͸ˣֻһˮûմϣȻˮ֮УȫһС
⻹ô
һˮһϰ
ǺǣھͿԽȫɵʲô壿
˵ָһҵͷˮ棬ѱһˮקšͨһˮ
ۿűˮק³ңҲóٶ
ʱˮȻһӰߴ
ֵͦסҡ
ǿ۾ˮȥ¹⣬ֻԲ֮£һϮСȹӰѾ嵽˰ߣ漴͵һնһ粽ʹˮ棬ȹ¹΢΢ҡҷ˲һϣ
̫ˣŮսʿˡ


281 ˮ
ʵҵȻĶʲôŮսʿһҲ֪ɡ
ӰϴܵˮûֱˮԥñȽϼ򵥡СȹڿնʱܶԵʣ䵽ˮʱͼĽ͵ˮһ㣬һһˮߵ÷ɽѾһڿնһͳ˹ȥ
ˮȻЩϢͷԷһͬ˵еġˮһ̤ˮУ˲侪ס
ˮܶƵʵҲݹʲôɮչʾṦˮƯˮ׳̡ȵȣɶҪĭԼЬȹߣʲô߶ûа
ĪνȻʿǿǱˣ
ҼǵǰүҲ˵ȻʿеǣΪСʱûϰԵʣڵһֱоۼţһǱǿޱȡ
ʱһˮ֮һԾѾӭһȭͳ˹ȥٶȿþ͸һƵģûȿ壬Ѿһȭݺ°ϡ
һ˲䣬ͼƯˮϵһˮ󵹷ɻüףһȭ֮󣬽һӾˮűˮקסҺ˹
Ҳǹˣһקסҵĸ첲ʱסҵˮȻʧȥãѾץסҸϽѲںӳ˳չ͵ˮһȣˮһ⣬Ȼˮ桭
ʱҲѾ°ˮվݺݵصһ֮˫һһˮѾһһƽ˫ۺͲزס
ûأϵġˮߡȴ˲ֻˮɢһ˲;סһ˵ΪʲôΪʲôҵˮЧ
ӹʲôˮģү˵Ȼʿܿκε
⻰һڣŻȻ򣬽һü˵ԭֲҵˮ󶼶ûãҲֻܼˡ
˵ŻѾں˼׼磬Ҳˮ߬߬ȭͷƺѾ׼мܡ
ҸϽںһ˵磬ȽҶԸ
㣿ղҪҼʱѾˡ
İɣһСĵģ磬С㱻ˮףƵ󷨣ȻҲܾС㣡
˵Ÿ˵Сʱˮúһ£ֻҲˮС
ˣǶǲвͦõֻˮأҲˮͿҾˮ֮ǰȰֻӰˡ
˵ŻһӾˮ²Ծ˹ҸϽֳԵһ֮
ɶ
ûӦأѾһŲıϣֲȽˮͬʱԼѾն˳ˮһȣһˮըɢḷ́Ƶֱַס
Ķأ
һŭ˦ּѾϴ˹ȥֻһ̧֣һˮǽѾ˵ˣˮܣҵͽʱҵҲѾֳˮȥһˮɡ
Сһ֮
һȻѾˢˢˢų·дϲȥʱϽϲһţһӾͳ˹ȥһҵǰˮǽûһӣ֮ʾͼ˫ˮһץѾһ״ֵˮͬһڿȦ֮͵һ³ӭͷ
̼䣬ذңˮҵû찵ҽӿزҷ͸ں˺Хһ㣬ǰһڣٻعʱѾֱ˰һˮƺϣֱײˮס

һУָֻƽˮ֮£ѾٵòһӦˡ
Ҳ㣡
ŭϯͷǧ굤ѾһΰŭӿͷûȫһŭۼѾƾէ˼ʮȼյ
Ҽһͬʱչ棬ʮѪɫ˲䳯Хȥ
һҲЩˣϾոĺֱײѾ˲֮ǰһ
ۼ䣬ˮѾ߰˲ˮǽײˮǽջǻ΢ɢУҲȫˮǽײˡ
Сӣ˵Ǳãǲϧδĥء
һЦһƺٴˮһˮָһˮ棬ȴ˲ˡ
һ㶣ҲѾ˲ԣˮϣһ󣬶ˮƽҲڽ½
ͨ
һˮͼѾСˮ˴һ¶ˮ̳־С˴ˣǼڶѺ괩ˣ
纰ʱҲѾԼһ󼤵ˮӱͷһʲôûԼҺϹʱھ߲Զĵطһվڡ
԰⸽еȻǸոˮ嵽ˮʱһƣֱӴˮڶѵͨˣСӿһף
ȻʱѾʪشԶƨƨ˻һһߵˮС椶㵹ǇNɪǶѴ֮ͰˮȥˣѾصŰɡ
Ȳˡ
ʱ˰СһӣѾӿڴͳһֻ
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282 
ˮƽµǳ׵ġǳˮˡ
ɱ鵭Ȼֻ߬ţûбֳκεĻ
ӦûʲôҪ˰ɣٺ٣ӿɾͲˣ
˵Żֻ߬ʯͷңȻȴһ߬סʧɫŤͷһסġȻС㡭
С㣬㣬Ͻʵ
Сȴֻҡҡͷ־ʹнĵ绰˹ȥ
ȱһлҪ˵
˵䣬СѾߵߣһ˦֣ȻֻӸ
С𣡡
ǶסȻСȴûǣֽ̧ӹ绰ޱʵͰסΪʲôɱң
ɵѽ㣡ΪźŰ
ŭȻСȴٶҡҡͷ
ҪǹֻҪԼ꣬ҲΧģΪֻдǲܻʤ
С⻰ڣҲһ£԰Сûǿ˺ɫĹ꣬һֺοཫСһֱסٳٲɱأ
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ֻǡ뱣㡭
˵Ż΢΢һ˿Цٶȳһ
˵ʲô
ߵСǰˮеʵˮƽԽԽͣۿҪɺˡ
ǵģҲȷĵ׶ԲԣֻǾãòҪҵõķǽŲ῿
Ϊʲôҵң
С㾪ʵǵĿĲʤ㻹䣬˭ﲻǶһ
һǻ˵ûʲôֻ֮ͬ㱣ŻֻܻߵĻᡭΪܡҪɱô򵥡
ҡ
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㵽˵ʲô
ֻϣԼĹ۲Ͳ²ǴˣҪס治Ķ֣ǧСУȻܻ᲻롭
ûٶ˵˵ŻһѾԼ߬Լֻ

ֻһ飬ͼƯˮϵ΢΢һͨһˮС
ǸϽȥ˰ߣѾȫûϢˣϸһոĻܾЩԣʲôǧСôˣСôˣ
ȻҲΪС㣬ʬһ㶣ʱͼԶ·ϵ纰һ
СɾͿ˰
ҪȥĶ
һͷһֻѾԼ·ߵֻѾոҵسʾ
硭
ˡһϽʣôûȥ磿
ʲô簡˰ҲûҵʵĳһĥȻǾҪֱӹˡ
˵ŻɨһĻһ䣬ֻѾԶػˡ
ֵܣһҪӮһ
û䣬Ѿͨһ˵ϡ
硭
ˣֻʣСˣһʱ䣬·ĬĬڸɺԵĺߣ˭˵
Ҳ֪Ĭ˶ã˽֡
ҪҸطԷɣôˣҲ¶Աˣ۾ƴȥ
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С˵Һ˵ͷóֻһĺɫѾͣ˿ĵλãҰѵͼŴһڵ׼ȷλãӦһ̳ǡ
һʮһ㣬Ϊ˱ҺСûȥ˶ʤϣҲðۻˣŵ·С
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쵽ʱҵֻٶĵ绰Ȼûб˭ǺѾˡ
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һ绰նʵĶԱѾȫˣʱʽ˰ɣ
ڵ绰гһЦ˵Ҿ˼Ÿĵ绰Ӧ֪ڵλ˰ɣ
Ȼ֪ⲻȥ·ء
ܺãҸĵط˶ϰɣһ̳¥ϵǣһսյʤ
˵ûӦһѾҶ˵绰
ǲ죬ƺѾ˳ֵ׼һﲻЩǡ
˵˾ﲻסˣƺΪ˹⻺գЦЦ˵˵ڹȥɵСĵ㰡
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˾˵ѾˣȻ˵Щ¶ǶģǵڲһЩͨ￴ȴһصɧңѾ÷зˡ
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̳󣬴ҵƺѾᵽɤۣڼԵ䣬ǻһ֪
˳̳ĵݵﶥ㣬ָʾ¥¥һţҹĺӭſıԵһɫ۵Ůˣضǡ


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ǰȥʣŮȴֻ˵ͷûлشĿȴһֱСϡ
ȻСĿҲûлرܣĿ⽻ʱһߣŷˣû뵽Ȼôá
ôһֱڵңСʵ
˵ͷ˵׼ȷ˵Ҳһֱڵ㣬һֱ㣬סѾ񡭡
һһ˵ţҺԱȴȫ⻰ʲô˼
ԾͲˣС˵Ĺҵʹ˸ɫᣬʱ糯˹ȥ
ϻôǶǶײ㡭
ǰһˣҳûͳ͵һȣƲʱڿգ˲͸һৡһգ۹Ѿܵǰ
ȻԱһ͵Ϯ´ݶʱҲѾûս֣˦ּ伸ֳȥΧм䡭
ҺһǰһӦУ治Ϊ֮ףȻȫںǵ׷ʹȻûһһʽʽԵô򶨡
Сȴһֱԭûжƺڹʲô
Ȼһֱûлֵָһ̧ײĶͷһ˲ͼ͵һ嵱Ȼͨһ͵˵ϣһûѳ˹˫ۣÿ£ӵһ˲䣬ˡһ˲ͱҽС޺ԡ
һζθҵѪȡʹĻ濪ʼԺ֮лصǽ˵ʹȫһ˵ϣңȴ˵侳
һζزҽҡͨһڵأ־塢ŭ裬˲ʹѾռҵ塭
ݵУҵ忪ʼɪɪǧ굤Ѿʹ£͵һµӿ
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ȶ̵ģûµģ侲侲ûµġ
С㲻ϵذοУҵڽƽɨڲԶЦһۣԺ֮֮֡¡
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С㻰䣬ѾЦǺǣǴûû뵽㾹ôҵĵ
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ΣȻһжξʲôƣЦ
Сü˵һ˵֮׵֮⣬ħ繫ϵĵǿŮʿ֮һֱȺǧѩ֮㲻ʮֻΪ̫
أ㻹֪ʲôЦ
У˵֮ԶҪϳʮ֮ŭ˫ɮ˹¶꣬γɽҲⳡϷߣ飬ⳡϷ︮δ򡭡䣬һֱֹߵĲȣǡ㡭
ǵģϷȷʵơʦġ
΢΢һЦʵأʲô
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С㣬Ұ㣡
ȫǿ֮Сһðգ
ʱһŭصͺȻԴ֮ҸϽѭһȻڵϵ
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ȻǡһϵƤëȻ˺˿ļ׵һѪ̡
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ңֻѹ̫õʹŭ˶ѣЩʹ࣬Լġ
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СϽܣԭվĵطѾһצҳһˮ
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ףҪƷĶôףѾ׷Ѿȫ޹˼ˣ˴ҧж뽫ء


284 
ҾԶС㣬СһɨȻСĴҲɡ
˵С㾡עⲻԼ壬Ҳȥ۾ȴнӴÿһӴСƱػһ˿ʹͷŭԼǿֲԺʹ֮УȴҧԼᶨӲͦӦս
ʱѾãСЩ֧ˣʱֶʼһ䣬΢ЦֲŲæ̫ǿˣ׼ȷ˵̫ǿˡ
ȻһѾ͵һצ˵ϣ˲˵ҵһ˺ҧ
Ҿ˫ۻסͺֱϺܿͱ˺ҧһ˿ȥҸŲ˶þͻᱻֱ˺飬µǵٶͷǹǧ굤Ʊֻ᲻ܿƵسסҵ壬һ͸ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰһ仰һ
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ССԲ𡭡
˵䣬ϵѾһԵȥҵٶȴƤëаγŸոֻ
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С㡭
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ת˲֮䣬Ժ˼ڻŲҽУڲҽűӣڱɥ
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ۿѾҴʧɫٿ䣬Цȴɹǡ
ҲûõģжϳÿеʣӶ˵ʹĻֲԺ֮УǿҲ֧Ų˶ã˵ǧ굤ʱ޿̲ռ壬лֹ˶ã
ĻûǻɵĿ־ʹ࣬ΪСҲҪǿסǹҴɢȴ޷ֿġ
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һʱ֮䣬ԺĻȴǸĹùá
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ڵ˵Լֻֽţҵٺ٣Ͳһġ
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С㣬㣬
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С۶ŵѵֻֻģҵֻҲֽţֻ˸Чġ
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ѪһЦ˵Ϊʦĵӣѹ˷ס֮ûвսԭһֱڰеҡǺܿϧǡӮˡ
ҪС룡
մӾѹҸϽСǰʱһѾ¥ڴ
︮ǶҵɽˣСƾֹ𣿡


285 
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ʱֻڶϵĳȹΡΡָԼ۾
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һһɽƵغѴð۵ǺüѾУסսǲ֡
ˣɱǻŮ
мһͷϵ麣²ԣһŭʱ򣬾ͼһӰѾ˳ܵ˳üڵǿͷ֮ϣܿ˳üı䡭
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仰һڣüͷݺݵصһۡ
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ʱѾĿ㣬˲ͼüɫѾԽѿȻѾֲʹ಻Ļ䡭
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290 ʦͽԾ
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˵䣬Ѷߵͷͷһ̵Բ۾ʼҽС
ˣüһͷֲ˻þ
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ȹùýżһ㣬Ѿ˳Ѫȥͷԡ
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̹һֻ۾ɵϴ󣬼ֱǰһС
ʱ򣬻˫еѾ˴һ߿һϺѾֳ˳
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ʱһ˴ͷһҸĸҲѾ֪Ķð˹սһš
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ҳ͵һȳҴ˹ʱͼˮѾ˳˫ϣ̵ܿ˫۸ס
ڰʩҡ
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ƾǼëͷСӣҲҶ֣
һЦһ̧ȳ͵ش˹ǺУ϶ɱʮ㣬ʱ·ɱѾΪӭﲻ΢΢һʱ˿ô˺
ҽ߬ӣ׼ӭȥʱȻֻꡱһһɫĵѾ˲ը˿
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291 
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һЦëСҡʦֵܶ׿ʼħ˵ƶбɵͷָʲôأõģֻۿһֵսɳѪǬЩΪ֮ˡ֮ȴңֽԣ⹫ƽ𣿡
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Ŷĸ֣ʡ
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˵䣬ëѾ˦ּһ׻Ͻȥ׻ըϡˡһ죬ײ˺ü
У޵꣬ÿƺ쳾ȻҲ֪ʲôǸѭ֮ʲô̰֮ʵ벻ѵ׵زĵõɮᱻǻ쵰գ׸ʲôô

Ц֣ҺëСס
ʱʲôѭֻת֮
֮ҲŸԸҲԸĻᣡëС˵ûгΪħɻǧ꣬Ϊ޿ɻꣿ鶼ܴϹŴ񣬶ǳħϧȴֻܱ֮ﹶⲻƽƽ
ƾʲôΪ׹ܸ̾㳤
Ȼԣ˵ʵ黹ûнеزһɹؽıǧʷ
˵ʱҵѾ˹ʵ飬ʵ飬Сʵɮˣŵ˵ıѡ
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Ѽ̫ħʿΪɳѼ̫֮ʿΪħսĽ︮ʢ֮񱻺ǵĻСƣҲΪ׹צɲ
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Сӣ﷢ˡ
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һëС⻰ҶʱүΪʲôҪֹоڻ֧ԮҪǸ𣿡
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ۡһˮ˲͸ͷƤ⣬һ˲һҽѾ˸ͷдˮͷ­Ѫڿһ֮աͨһ˵ϡ
ǡɹˡ
ʱͼһΣҲѾѵأûվڲԶǾ޴ͷ­ѾȻִſѪڡ
˲һû뵽ԴѾˣȻǻġ
ҸһͷȻǰһܣѾһڳҧȥ

һĻ˶ɵۣɾʱڵͷ­ȻʼϹ£Ŵˮϸһ־ס
ͷ棬֪ʲôʱѾֻͷӵϸȣ˵ȡ
һ飬˲֮ǰ׹̵鳡УɱֵĹ
ѵ˵ⶼ׹ʵĹ
ȻնͷĲѾʼѰԼͷ­ǰҲʼͷķ˹ȥ˿ڴһƴͷȻػص˲ϡ
ҾʱëС˵㿴˰ɣҪɱûô򵥣Ȼѣһ
һɸôһ
㲻ңⳡսָߣ
˵ʱëСѾɱѽѷˡ
ҡҡ
ֵһѪһҪǿԭأȫǰһס


292 ޲𹥻
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䣬ҼǵǸ¶ʱ꣬꣬ԭΪһա飬û뵽Ȼ˲ɱʦáħ㣬Ҳݲ㡭
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ְ̾ˣû뵽ʰͷߵĺð취۵ʱɲˣѾӵ鱨פݸ֧ӶѾȻҾȫϼȡһСʱʱ䣬ͬʱҲյһܲҵϢһСʱǲܸӽģ޲𹥻
ޣ޲𹥻ʲô˼Ȼʻʲô˼ߺүɫȻʲô¡
޲ûκβԴ׹̣︮
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⻰˲䵹һ־ʵǣô죿
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˵ʱȻͼһɫӰ֮˳һ¶浱һ˵ѽߵĶɳˣ治ôõĴСҵˣҵˡ


293 ض
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˵ȹùõǾߵɾʱȻԶ
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ʱͼһЦ̧β͵ķһָ˵ͷûʲôЧ붯ûʲô㣬ΧžתһȦҲûҵ㣬ͻȻߵβ䷢һϸˣǶûƬǶһ׷ʹ򣬿ϧƾЧǲ̫ŸϽܹеһȥþ˵ߵĶ
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ʱҲվ˳˵СҲһȥɣᳵ·øǴ·
ãҲֻ鷳һˡ
˵꣬ҹùҲʾվ˳˵СҲùһѾϾչˣҿɲֶһȥðա
˵ųҰڵķһۣҲɨ˹ȥֳַֻ۵˹ϺдңһΪһѺ
ȹùһ۾Ϳҵĵ΢΢һЦοСֶİɣ˵Ǻϴʮеĸ֣ǸڽħҲǺǵģ裬ûġ
һο̤ʵ˲٣ϾʱҲ˲̫ˣҲˣϽż˾͸Ƕȥ
һ˳嵽·ԣÿ·ͣһѾˣԱΪ˱ҲѾ׳ǳһͼﻹɢһЩ豸ֵͲմѪľǹ֮ģûֵֻͲ˳Աʱ֮衣
ָǰߣ˲ס߾ŸͷʹûעǣѾ嵽βĺ棬̧ͷһǴʵβھšķҡţ·ߵĳϣءһͱѹñΣΧ̵ǽϣһשҷɡ
Ǿ޴βҡ֮ʣϽǼܵβ͵·һֵ֧Ͳ򿪳ǰһգȻͼǾߵβ͸棬¶һֵĺڶ


294 ֶ
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ҳûϽ˺ˣߣ
˵ŻѾһǰʼǻһ˳ҾһȻȥ˳һȻȥһǰһԱȿ·һ˦ȥǻǳ׵صȻ޴ˡ
ǸϽӿ˽ŲֵͲ£һĹѾ˳ضǰ߳мʮԶǰһǰĶѾֳһϵб£ȻѾλá
ҸϽȹùøҵֻͳһͼʾɫ㣬ƺѾûжԶľˡ
Ӧþǰ
ʱֻ鼤˵Ҽǵת۴֮ǰôǽʱƺ
Ǿͺã²˳٣ǿߡ
˵ŻҪǰߣʱһֻѾӻԵĺӰȻûǷ֣Ѿ͵һקס˻һֻ󣬽
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ԣ˵˵ǴӶѿһ˳ޱ飬ֻϰӣǺͶһġ
⣬ǡ
⡱һʱֻѾһſ̴ӿ¶ż
ǽʬ
һʱ䣬ٶȾסѵ˵֮ǰ׹ʵΪȻʵ飬ʬֲ˵ڡ
ʱһѾһͷһɨȥҲѾĪһָֻһֻʬӶ
С쿴ǰ棡
ҸϽǰһֹһֻǰĶ֮ڣһֻֻʬְĶ꣬ȻֻаӣǽһĶסһ˫˫ɫ۾ˢˢس˹
⣬ЩʲôΪʲô֮ǰôǽʱûз֣
ʱֻѾŵÿʵ⣬ЩʬȻ׹δ˴ƻ࣬ڵġػߡ֮ǰȻôǽһΣʱѰλÿ϶ǵеĳλöͣһһ룬ڸش磬ЩʬץҲץ
Ķڣֻ˳һǰн
ʱֻʬԴȻءһը˿ûǷӦȹùѾֳֳӡ첽
СֶӣҰǿ·ǿȥٵǾߵ࡭


295 
һȹùõֳֳӡ˼£ֻӶĽʬ̱ըѪɣߡҲû˫ȭָһֱײҲʾվȳͻ飬׷ߣȹùõڻŹ
Ҳֱʱŷ֣ϾȻүõһģѹһȥҵЩʬҽء
ײûõĹѾʮֻʬҵİΧҸϽͳֻһͼϵɫͼѾǽߡ
ǵˡ
ѭͼָķɨһۣһʵڣȻڵĺߡ
ߵҲѾ׼λãʩָӡǿ鵲·һͨк
һ˲䣬Ѿʹ绢ХǶѾˡ
Ѿߵ˴һѪ粻ʾȥ˫ץסѪ͵һ˺ͽԭ˿ڸ˺˿һ˽ȥ
ҽҲȥһûȽֵͲĹâܣȴѾһͨͨ춯ѭֵͲһգ˲дϲǾͷ࣬ҵˡ
ƺĵ״˶٣ȴ˵಻֪Ҫ϶ٱֱһѪܵмİɫСγ
²˳٣Ȼ˵
˵Żǰ壬ȴѾһקסңʧ˵𣬱ȥ֮ǰ˵ˣ࡭š
Ķʲôˣ
ҸһʣȻһЦѴı洫
Ȼ࿪ʼŤѪܵ϶¿ʼתžͼһӰѾı¶˳ͬ°ߵһ壬Ѳǽʬǡ麣ˡ
麣㣬ôҲ
͵һ˲֮ǰƺһֱվмͷ­棬ָžߵ֮⣬ûж
ʱͼ麣˫ǿ˶һƣѾ˳ͨһ˵ء
Сѵ˵Ļڵݣ׹̵ĵڶʹͨϵ׹Ƽ룬ʹԼĻһһܸؿԼޡ
˵ŻȻƲ죬ֺٺһЦ˵ϧͷоŸԣҪ볹񱣳һ£ƺ治һ׵أƺֻϲĿĵصƻͲҵٺ٣ѱ
麣⻰Ǽ˾ȻȫԶԣֻʣˡ
һǵʱӣһֺеĺڰСرֵ֮ܶ⼸һǴŶ̶̼µʱ䣬Ѿһδεɱ䣬ȫɳΪһΪ֮Ĵħͷ
麣ôģ㶼𣿡
ҽüͷʵƺ㣬˵ֱڻڰԼĺڰ磬Ķ˲˹ӣ벻ף׹̵׸ʲôôֵΪЧң
ٺ٣ʵԼҲΪѾؼʶǿ֮˰ɡ
麣ЦСֻ˵ʲôħȴûǰʵ׹̵ǿƥеģ㣬ѡ񳼷ҲѡΪС
麣һ䣬統һߣŭ磬ҿСĳ׷ˣǿһһǧǰѾʦʣļ棬ǿĶȥ
棿̫ˡʵҲֲ㣬Ϊֻ㣬︮ħ粻Ҳһֱڵ͹׹̵ȻҰأ
麣׹̵ʲôȹùʵ
麣ЦЦȣ˵塯
麣һڣȶʱɫһߣɫҲѿ
ѵ˵׹йأ
һʣ麣̴ͳ׹̵ָĸЦ׹̵Ĵ׹а֮Ͽ֡Ϳ֣Ϲȵ
ѣѵǡ
ͻȻһƺ͸ʲôĴ̼һҸϽ͵͵ҹù˵ùãʲô
ΪϹʱʲ䣬˵¹һս׻ֻܡ
ȹùóǵʱΪսЧʦڣЩа׻ƻܣ¹֮սѾȫ𡭡
ȹùû˵꣬麣ѾһοЦ
ȣǰ˵Ĳ˵ĿɾͲˣûбȫ𣬷Ļô׹أ
ԭ׹Ǿĺᡭ
麣Цŵ˵ͷ֪Ϊʱ䣬˽Ϊ֮֮ڶȫг
麣˵¹֮ս׵ۡƵۻȹ񣬾岿ڴҲԴ˱׻ƲգʣһСڽĴϡϡȵأӼ̳Ϲľ׹֮ҲĹԴ
оеٮٮߣӵбһ˸ǿԼõʣˣ¹֮սȲҰܣ׻Բдľдɱϧǣδн¹֮սаƵ۵ĻϷԼϹһʱľͷħշڽ׻Ң˴ʱԵʱͳ߽˷ĸͷˣϧϷܹ˾˺ǧеӴףձ£ͷҲɱ˴Ĺ޽֮أа
ʧȥ޵ľղݱΪ˺ڰһ˷˵׹̡
˵麣ֲмһЦ
˰ɣʣһֿ︮ܵһӵǧʷϹأ


296 
麣ǰѹÿ˵ͷѹ
ǰһֵ︮ܵһϹ׷ʹ
麣壬˶ꣿ
֮ʣҺٺɵЦ
ǰƾһ︮Ȼֹ׹̣Լ˵ǸϹʲô壬ˣԿĿɲ︮ǵħ磬´塭˻վֹıơ
û䣬ѾתֳѰȣ͵س麣˹ȥ
磬Ū㣬ʼû뵽߶֮ء
ֱ麣Ȼ麣ȴֻ΢΢Цţɿȴɺҡ
ٺ٣СôҲֻë꣬ϼȡ˽һѪʬĵУںǧ֮ȴʹãҺΣ
˵麣˫һ̧߽µ̿ʼŤѳѪŮ˵ӰѪбһѪһȻСǧѩ
һˣٶȾ㵡
ʱֻ麣Ц˵СС㣬ұ뾡ȥ⼸ƺеѲλһ֮
С㣬ǧѩվ
ҲСŭʵС֮ǰ¥Ѿ⣬ڻΪһ⣬ǧѩŸոոһڱгȴѾռ麣ԣ⵹ҶЩ㵡
ҵĺûشʱֻߵЦһԴСѩѾԼӪ𣿡
ȻҪСĸף˵
ãȻǽ˴лδɵľȥɡ
䣬ѾȭͷǧѩȹùҲѾһ麣
СֶӣС㽻ˡ
֪ˣùá
ҵͷûǰ壬һСѾ˹ԭ߶ھȻѾΪǵս
ʱһֻֻʬҲѾΧ˳ƴץǣһע⣬ЩʬѾӺ͵Ϯ˹
ھһأѶ񵱳ǰɬˣ绹ңԼΪеС㣬ѾɳΪܹǿһʿ
С㣬ǿҵƺʣѾȫˡ
ʱͼС˫ֽӡ䣬ӡȴǵ֮ӡøǵŵ䣬ƺǰӽһͰȹùõĿ
С㣬ѧ׹̵䣿㲻̶֣Сȴǿ͹
׹̽Ůѧϰ׹̽ʲôԣ
СһЦĶа֮ǰۺ棿
ӡ֮ʣһѾСΧ˸ͣǻȴǺɫģһ֣׷׷ʹ
ǵ֮ǰС˵żһЩ򵥵ĵ֮⣬ĶʲôĶҲǸǿСʿѣٲȻһ׹̸ֵʽ仯磬ʱѾʩչ˶׹̵а֮Щ޴мˡ
ôأ
˲־ʵ뿪Ǽ¶ѣôô̵ʱôа
ʻһѾһСһЦ˵ҲѾ˵ˣҿ׹̽ŮҸ֮⣬׹֮̽λһֱϮҲ˵ҿϹž崿ѪѪ׹̵ĽȻ˸á
˵䣬Ȼֽһӡ˹һ̣Ȼ˲ʧһգ۵ĹѾں̵İ³ҵ͵һҵĲϡ
һƴˡһֱӻ˹ȥĵ֮ѾҵǰһѽۺֵܣȥùöԸ硭
ΪʲôҾʵ
ʲô˺С£㿴һ˿һûȥǵɡ
˵һҲǣȷʵȻСϵıȫİϾˣôĶ֣
磬Сͽˡ
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˵ͷһ粽ﵽϣͳСֱײ˹ȥҲѳںȹùԼ齻ֵ麣
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ۿ麣һȭȹùãҸϽȥסȴȹùýüͷ̾˿ҧ˵麣Ȼֻë꣬ʵѾӽ˺ë꣬ȷʵöԸ
⻰麣ʱһЦȣҲ֪ħĺô˰ɣǸ֮ѣô׾κεң֮£˹ϺпɾͱԶöˣ֪׹̵ĺô֪ĺôֻħһԶȥ޵øǿķ𣿡
麣ԻڣôþôҿվǸѾ˶㲻ϵ
ŭͷѳ麣ֱ˹ȥ֮ǰȹùòʱ麣ıȴԵøӵˣӰȻһΣûҳأȴѾ˲ӭסҵĲӣҰϡ
Ҵʧɫòϣٶȣȫ֮ϡ
СΪ治ɱ㣬֮ǰ˵ǧ굤ѿֻҪ𣬾ɢֹϹԤԱҲ˵ʵ޹ؽҪ
˵Ż麣צѾҵĿڴȥ


297 
ָ׵룬ʹжʱĿڴҸļֻѾҵ֫קסϡ
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һӰӳӡֱ麣ţȻֻһ̧֣ѾƽӰȹùǰ壬ûȳ嵽ǰѱӵһָֻקסͨһ͵˵ϡ
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ˡ
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Сһֱ谭ҵļƻȥȫøǧ굤ʹðɡ
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צһס麣оųһڴعâȻֽסצӺݺǰһƣָ˲Ŀڼ硭
ϧôСδʶǺεȵǿ󡭡
˵䣬麣ƺȫ͸˺⣬ۡһҵķ
ˣٺ٣ġܸо־壿Ŀ־кͶ̬ΣУʵһֱǷȱģϧѾѧᡭ
ȫûҵĿڣҵʶҲѾȫɥʧˡ
ȶ̵ġ
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ԺģֻΧ˶ڽҵ֣ģȴѾǵˡ
ڤڤ֮У·һϵڽҡ
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ΧһУƺ˲˽ɫ͸ѪܵߵķҾһһһƬιԼһƵشɽ
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ת˲֮䣬ҵʶѣ̧麣ȴһź𽥴͸壬͸ǿšͨͨ࣬ߵķس
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㣬ˣһСʱʱѾˣľѾչڻ
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ŴɢĺԽԽǿң־ȱôˣ죬ֹСټǧ굤ȫռǣɱҪµö࡭
˵߾볯ҳѾڽл˵ǧѩȴѾֵǰ
ߣ㲻ܹȥ
ʲôʱˣѵҪһֱ׹̣ΪŰȥ
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ȲҲΨһ
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ˣҲѾСľⷽ΢΢̧һС㣬΢ͷûпңѾΡ
麣Ӹƴˣ
Ȼͼ麣һ֮ǹȴ׾ٵر麣߬У͡һ½ѪִܵĿڰγ΢һתһȭϣһҽѪɳʮԶµѳ麣ȴһα麣ס˲ӡ
ЩҶҲܶ᲻һ˿һ·ʵþ֮䡭
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ۿŹùú˼γѾزߺǧѩѴܾˣСڱһ
麣
㣬˵ʲô麣һ㶡
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ţܵģС㡣
麣һЦڽӵһʱҾͬʱӵ˽֮ǰһֱûжɱСӣֻǧ굤ںϵûף¾ҹ۲죬Ѿʼѧǧ굤֮ΣͷųǧȻʱ죬ɱǧ굤ȫռ壻֮ܺ
Ҫ㡭
Сƺȫû麣ĻѾڷŭ΢΢
УѾ˵ˣɱسɴ󻼰СС㣬֪᲻ãݣԼʹȻ²˾ģٺ٣һѡ
˵麣Ԥ׵תצһ죬ɷЦҵĿ¡
ƺܸо΢ʧܸоԼѪ⣬Ѿоʹ
ס֫ЩɿҡͨһأյĿȴͣСϣһŭڱ麣˹
麣Ҫɱ㡭
ֵԼùҲѾۺƴײײ麣
ǡ
ѳɶ֣֪ҵڵˣҸ֪Ǿ麣Ķ֡
صǧ굤֮Ҳҵȫ͵ŰţһΪԼʶҲѾԽԽˡ
ǲϵڿЦףȫռ⸱

ȻһϤزҽҷѾ̧ͷȴȸоһůѾδҵϣģģɨȥ麣ѾһצҲ̴С࣬ͷ߸
Ҹ㼸ֱ棬ֻŮȻҪٺ٣һ·ϾСӣӣҲѾûˡ


298 
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ֵǵŭٶȴȻǷ׷麣ȴͲ麣ֺҲҵĹùڡ
˵𼶵ħȷʵ麣ѽǧʬħ赲أ
СѪҵϣȵģ̧ͷŶľգ麣ᴩķ߸壬ֻҳʹܺϡ

ͷˣ㻹Nɪʲô
ѾͷƬ˭أ
˭˭ء
Уͷóвǧ꣬Ѿһɻǲֽܰܣأ̫ƽ

ҵһǵﶼʲôóԵģ
ʲôУԼ£
Уϸ棬ӸӸձٷˣҪˮΪҲ̫ȵġ
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ȡȶ̵ġԲ𡭡
С㡭
΢΢˫ۣ麣ЦΧ硢ߵ˵ĽҵȻҲ
ҪѾˡ
Ľ֮УһϯضҾʵ
ҵľҵģκˡ

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СһأѾһֻ֣˱֮С
ⲻܣܡѾ
麣ʱһ㣬ڵʲô
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һۣķѪɫâ˲ըѳһſһѪɫƯţǿšͨͨľΧס
麣ðС㻹ҡ
˵͵һ߬˲ʹ麣Ĳһ⣬Ѫ麣Ųӡͨһ˵ϡ
ⲻܵģӦŶԣǧ굤ҲȲ㡭
ûֻǿڿеһۣΧѳһֱײÿһըϣת˲֮źͮͮѱըķѣھߵ棬ҲѾܹоƴҾͬһ췭ظ
ã죡취뿪
ȹùþʱҲѳ嵽߽С㱧һҵļ˵ֵܣǿ졭
һʱȻһУٿˣѾɫֵҡ
СС
ҵʲôҵ
˵ľ֮У̧Լգ֪ΪΣĵطȻ֪ʲôʱһ塭
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СС𼤶𼤶
߸Ͻο㣬ʶĻ֮ǰС𣿡
Ȼ˭ҵһ˵˵岻֪Ϊηת䣬ҵ˼֪ȴǰδе
ʱѾվվס˾;ü׵קҵ桭
ˣˡ
߸Ͻ˼˺Ȼʶȴڸոձ麣ɱʱױǧ굤ռݡ
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ҲߣҪСһ𡭡
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䱣ǵСѡܡܰ
˵ŻקһңңֻܱԭزסһʱȴñȻһ˿˿ͷһԼһë֪ʲôʱѾһߣҡΡ
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Ҷһ˫ָ̡ƤԽԴֲڵ֣ԺֻʣһƬհףǲӿˮ桢ԶƵشɽȴһιԼУţһ֪Ӻδ𡪡
꣬ͼǬ䶨зֻɱ˼ǧꡭͼΪ֮Ϊ֮Դǧｫһ٣˽ԵںͼԵ飬ѭѭϢϢһƶ񡭡
ңҵǸʲô
ҵĺѾȫΪһ޴Ŀӣһϸ𽥱Ϊһ壬ڿֱӵĩˣѾںΪһ߾βͣ˦һΣβĩȴһͷֻ׹¶۾һɨܡ
ҵҲ֮ʹۿžҪķסֻ̧һ˫צӿʼǾߵѪƴ٣ƴꡭ


299 
ҴǾߵǾ߻ƴؿ裬ķѾͻȻʧٵ麣˿˾ͷмͷ֮ϡ
һҴӾߵѪ麣ٶȿЦ
ˣˣ˵Ȼ٣ȷʵ
һ麣Ķ˵ϱģһصѳͷϵ麣˹ȥʱ˿ͷѾȫҵת˹麣һ£˸ͷʱˢˢſѪڣҧҡ
ۿŰ˸ʶһѾ˱Ǿ޴Ŀ֮Уžһ󶣵죬֪϶ǰ˿ͷڳҷعš
ȻѾ仯ԻԼԣɵͷһôأߵ඼ѾһˣΪʲôܡ
һֱڿﲻ¶ͷȥ麣ƺѾҵ˼һЦСȷʵѾɱˣ֪ߵ鲼٣ɻһӣģҵرƻ
麣˵ʱһֱ͵͵ǰ˿ͷۿһͷȻǰһΣҾͬȻӦһ㣬ʶѽӵ˳ȥһھ͵סߵĲӣݺһҧѪȣͷѱÿз˺ڿмš
һѪζҵȴѱøӼˣ·ǵ͵ȵĶѪջѾ񡭡
һһɣ·ǳ˾ΥѾõζʱ߿ͷһγҷҵعƣͷŰԶӵڻҲŰڵ׷״ըϣըҵĿϣըΧѾݻٵϣһغ
߲ҽУǲҽǴƽдƽȻھ︮Ŭ±ɢˣ︮ļʮȴ뿪ѾҵڻΧסֻܺŰһˡ
ըɨȥѾ۵︮Աڲש֮£Ķ˿֮ǰķٲʢģ¥Ҳ˷Ҳˣϱض˵ġкֵȫѱسһƬ桭
Ҹ˼ôˣҵͷɺΨһܸоģȷʵҺѪζԼһʳĿУܿ죬ͷѾ÷ݸšҿ֮ʳ
УȥˣСܿͻʧ
ȻүԴ
죡ֱСƴҲٳһ⣬һѪ
үû䣬ȻһصˮѾ۳Ϊˮҵ˹ˮܿϴȥڵѪȣʱģȴҵķŭɨڽֱʩ͵һѾӾߵȥֱȥ
СҪ
ۿſѪھҪ̵ëСһԼʹȴ۵úܵ׻ûŭ֮ҸҪ׷ϹȥͼӰѾſ˫ҵǰ
ߺү
СѱԭʼҰɣһֱȥ㽫ٲ
ٲ㿴ڵӣѵеþ𣿡
˵ŭֳͷҳһŭ𣬰ź˳Ѫɫѽ˴˲
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ٶȿڣǰϤӰȴѾپκεˡ
ңҵʲôǧ굤ֵʲôΪʲôΪʲôһֻǧ꾹˵ĵСΪʲôϹħΪҿеҵʲôҵʲô
С侲һ㣬㡭ꡭ
һڣүϽָĿ˵㲻ǣСֻڵĶʵʵꡭ
ꣿʲôꣿ㲻˵ֻǧϹꣿ
СС㣬ҽ͡
үε̾˿˵γƣͨǬµطϹʱسɡǬƺӳ׺ͼˮ긺ˮӶʼϹľǧ㡭ڵĵʵϹŴꡭ

ƺ׺ͼڷˣǬԣˮڴ־ӡӶ˹׭֣Ϊ֮棬ˮϹˮ֮ʬɽУɽӶɽԪ֮ﻯΪ˼ÿһǧ߰ʮ꾭һ϶Ϊһǧ꣬ǴǧϹż䣬ǧ굤еĵԪ֮ȴϹ֮ǻ֪麣׶ʲôֽţǡѳɹǧ굤Ϲż䣬Ż⸱ģ
Ҳ˵Ѿꣿ
ӦӦ㻹ԼǣϰŰȥջᱻĨ𡭡
˵үȻݺݵصһͷϵ麣ŭ麣Ϊʲôܻļ䣿ùëýʵϹŵٵԤԣŽС⸱ģһ׹̵ƥУôǧิյĽʥΪأ׹̣֪ô顭㱳ġʲôˡ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣڸʲô
麣ٺһЦļѾѣʹҲѾˣߣٺ٣֪ҴոոһβΣ
˵Ż麣֣нһʹ
Ȼܸ˵һʵѾɹҺͽһһͬѳΪΨһһˣٺ٣ܰôɱң׹ʮʵѪһ


300 ȶ̵
Сǡһֱ㣬⸱ģ
˵䣬麣ȻүһָЦйɣ֪Щȴûи䣬ֻں㣬ƭ㡭Щƭӣ
麣үߵ˵ɫѿ
ԽԽ͵˳Ĭһү̾˿˵Сȷʵ㣬ҡϣҲǿǵİȫԼʷҪԣŲѽ
үĻеŭǲϵطţȻǰֱ˺ѵĳ嶯
ǹͷǱǿѹס̧ͷ麣
ЩҪ麣ɱС㡭
Ȼ⻰麣˲侪һϽŵؽ˵СɱСΪ룬ѵ㻹ûС׹еʱ䣬ڵĳϴ׹̽ǾѪϰЩбȳ˸ߵԣƴΪ䷨ɰȵĴ߰
麣һڣ˶סүʱ־ʵ麣˵ģ
ҸҪƭǣ׹̲ǵ̤壬ҪĶ׹Զ˵ģǳɹħļ룬Щ˵ٺ٣սһĺƽ١
麣Ц˵ԣҰǳС㣬ͷ۵ľͷǲӦøл𣿡
㡭˵ġǡǡ
񣬺ٺ٣ңѡеˡ
ʲôվɱС㡭
ҵŭɣ麣ЦҲƲסŭһתųصͳͷٶȿ˹ȥ
ƺΪ౻ĹϵߵĶѾһӴͷ̳˹
˻𣬺ɵ˺ҧߵƤ⣬ҧƬһսںɵڻѽ༸ͷ飬мͷȥ
ͷϵ麣ҲˣûȷӦһɴܣųص˵ֱĲǰҧ
һͷһҽУ麣һ̴ͷϴߡ
ûӳԶҿӺɫġβ͡ſѪڣһڵס
С꣬ҪҪ
麣ɱС㡭
ҷߺ޵ҡҡļǡβ͡Ҳͬһһ磬һŭö麣˴ͼ߿г鴤šţ޷ѡ
ɾʱһըѲƫͷСˡһѭڵķһȻһ֧𽥿ǰ̹˿·Ÿɫװ׳Լʮȫװ½սԱ
ǰͷ̹˺ȻһһڵҵĿϣһ˲䣬ŭٶȽҵȼǶ˹ȥ
ãҪʧˣͲӷͻ죡ס
һŭʮ︮ԱѾߺëСĴ³Χס֮󵱼չҵؽȫȻˣӶѱɱ¾ռ
ҷ˦βŭ𣬶ʮ︮˵Ľ˵ȴȫȻЧ
С侲
ʱѾܵҵıϣ˵ͷһȺݺݵͷ˼ȭֺ費ܱʲôӣվҵֵܣɱ޹СҲҪֹ㣬ϧɱ㡭

һŭһβ˦ȥһͷײ˳ȥȹùõȺҵĺ󱳣ҵǰҪֹҳǲӽĲ
˹ˣϵÿһˣҲǵǶΪʲôҾͣ·ڽɥ
ֱ
һůȻұǼӲľ޴ϴȻһؿǣů˲ʹҵȫ
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һͼСıҵıϣѪѽȾ졭
Ȼ΢΢һıˤҵĿ϶ˡ
ȡȶ̵ġҪɱˡ
˲һ͵ƺҲˣʱһ֪ҵġĻþѲܿƵӿҵԺ
ѽ꣬㿴㳤öЦϴȴô̡
þУƯһƬޱ޼ʵغ֮УһŮزҵıϣƮ裬ܷܷϸḧҵĿӣЦ
ȵĹ꣬˼飬ɻȥ
ȥ
ҡ
ҵļңҵıϰ
ŮЦҵĿӣ԰ҾȻˣĿӲļң
ҵĿ֮ء
ǻϦԡ޼ʣ·ֻ֮
ĲӰת˲ɢٶռԺȴѪͻ棬ײڶ
ɱɱʹߣ⣬ѪǾܵõ
һɿ־˲ϯͷֿʼֿʼڤڤ֮дСȴհ
ȶ̵ģ֪֪Ϊʲôһֱȶ̵ģ
֪Ҳʣ¶ִ࣬ӡѽѽ򡭡
ߣʵɣһ̡
ΪɶôңͲܸĸƺ˧ġĶа
ޣʵҲ֪ΪʲôԴҵһμ㣬Ҿô㣬ûԭ򣬾룬룬ܰô
ٺ٣ֻҪҸ㰮ɶɶѽô򡭡

ȶ̵ġҪɱ޹
СС㡭
ܸоѪҵĿʣҲܸоʲôĿ


301 Ĩ
ڵƺҶ߽нԶȡ֮һЦԼһصµƫƫŮŽڹ걳裬òڡ
˲䣬ǰһжѱһƬѪĹ֣ͷһҵһ˫ǰצںİΧ½ʧСҲֿʼֱͦ
С㡭С㡭
ĵ׵ɱ¾ɢƺҲѻصҵϡ
̫ˣСֵܣ
§ߵļԱĨἤһոջǹľ޴СΣԶԹ۵ľѾսսʼǰܿʹΧÿһֵΧŰΧס
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ճµȴԹԵ˵ϾЩ˵Ĵ̫ΣˣǲУ˭ұ֤᲻ỹһ¼ķΪ֤ȫõķĨǡ
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ܱھǿѾˣҲٿκ˶
˵ʱһѾӽ´ιǸߡ
ҵͷһɨͼ²֪ʲôʱѾһգС۾˵ڸ󶴣Ǹɡ
ĺˡ
̾˿˵һôܾôˣ˿ԣǾͻῪǹġ
ô죿Ϊѵʡ
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˵ŻѾ̹˸߸ߵؾ˫
ճµģǡͶ

һǸ֮ҹ
Ȼ⵽ƻϢԭܿͱٷԡȻܵըΪڸ˹ȥȻֽǰסģĿ߶ڽҹۿһŸͷľĵĵ˳Ҵݻ˴
ļ죬ŸʽҥƺܿռŰ磬۲²ǵصϮһʱ䣬ƺȫĿⶼѱ
ھٶȽʬֽ˳˳ǣҽ·ֳһɷѿĵαװĿҲڹٷġ¸˿ڹ࣬޶֤
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Сȴûкһ𣬱һܼ֮󣬾˾ͽǺС˿֪ҲȫûκϢ֪
ңҲɹһ˱˿ؽһ塢η֮С
죬ÿ˶ʱͷ֮ûκңֱҹߺǸճµٶȳ֣һݺϴ


302 Ϊ
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ǣ˵ɣͼرôƴıЩİˣΪʲô

ֻһִҵĻ
ҳĬãһߡ
ʲôǵԼ𣿡
סΪΪԴΪġΪƣchuoΪΪΪУΪ̫򣬱ǵܸõĻȥǵʲôеʿ֮ʿΪʿľĶûУǻʲô֮У
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Ĭһֳ˵ʵ¶Ҫ︮һӣԽԽߣͷѾõĵطȴǧٿףѾ޷ȥôܲܳ׵׵ķˡС
˵ŻקҸ첲ߣȺţѾקһ
Ǵĸֺ֮ǰݷֲͬС죬첲ʯү˫յ硢űȹùãԼҫһϤףڴбæµš
סʱͼԱ΢΢һЦ
죬ǵ˶ûأѾͲסӣʼ׼׹̵ķˡ


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303 鳡
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ϳ֮󣬳¹ͬûжҽκ飬糵װʲôԼҪȥֱʱ¹ŸطĵʮɵĳӺƺƵɽ
һԵĳ¹˯ʱͼ͵͵˾˳ӵ͵ʲô˾СֻǶҡҡͷһֱʵǱʷˣ̾˿˵ֵܣĲ֪ıܼܸߣ˾ѺԱʲô֪쵼ǣֻҪǰļճָʾнͺˡ
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УоģСˣʵƷ
ȱ𼤶ǵȻ֪
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ֹʱ¹ѾԱ˵ȱˣǸСҴȼˡ
ҵ˵ͷų¹߳һɽȥ
ɽƹܴۣûã¹Ѿ򿪶ϵһţ˽ȥһҶƤŵĶ͸ϵĳӹһխ˴
ʲôط
507оԱİ칫
ǰĳ¹ͷҲص˵507Ϊ749ֵܵλ԰ʮʼһֱо칦ܵȷǿѧʵ飬ǶԵźħ˽⣬оΧҲ󣬶ģģҲԽԽ︮չȫ֮ͼħʿΪЧЧƺԡ
˵Ż¹Ѿͣһǰź󣬳ЦЦ˵ȥѰɣӦúܾûˡ
˵Ż¹˽ȥҺȥ澹Ȼһʵңһ״ӵĹԱͷ
ι˭ˡ
¹˺һŷѾʵңһͷ˲ֵһ
СС¡
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С׷ҿˣ
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ȣȻΪʲô
ҸϽƿС£㵵˵֮ܰǰڵһѻ˾ûټˣ㣬ô
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СͷͻȻԥ
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ͣ˵ֵܣ
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¹˵ͷһ£ʵǣǵǰԱΪʲôôôͻȻָ߼оԱˣ
С׷ҲͲˡ
СͷЦŻشʵģ507һֱԵⶫܸȤʱү︮㱨˵㽫ΪëýǡϹԤеһˣΪ˸оԼб㣬ұѡУһֱǱߣ۲һһԼԼ㡭
˵һֱ507ˣңһֱǵļӶ󣿡
СµıЩΣջǵ˵ͷ
ԲСҸû͸¶Լݣ֮ǰҼΰżȻͱѧУǴΣΪΪѵʱﳵ·һֱڱ㡭
Ǻǣ˵ҿһֱڼҰɡ
СԶԣĬĬͷ
ղԣ¹ϽԲ˵ѽѵط꣬һͳأҪˣ˵˵°ɡ
¹⻰һҲ˰Ͻʵ԰ô£ȥ˹ɽŶԣΪʲôòᡭòҲ507оԱɣ
⵹ǣ׼ȷ˵507о507Ѿ֪ʦ˵ݣһֱͼҵʦŵԴ
ô
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˵ˣ֮ǵȴӹɽ˵𡣡
¹̾˿ȻɨһԵ˵ߣҿС˵ɡ
ðɡ
ߵ˵ͷ˸˵Сʵɽûʲôߡ

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ⲻܣ׹ҲѾȥ˹ɽѵ507Ƕû𣿡
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ӣˣأǲҲ
껰¹ҡҡͷ
е֣֪ͺõԼ507Եˮȷʵʵɽʱ507˶˵ıֶܳԾǸӣֱһǲɽģѲûٷֺӵ䣬Ψǵ˷ʱɽһϪˮˡ
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СԱ̾ǷʱѾһϢˣͬеĺҲ֪٣ΣգұתӲʩȴδһڣڹɽʲô񶼻һա
ˡ
С˵һЦ֪ǰҴĿˣңڡ
СǲװЭġ
߲廰˵ѾӦˣֻҪǵЭ´Ӱеõڹɽ鱨507549Ը︮ؽṩԴͰҪİ


305 
˵껰Һݺݵһۣм˵ߣ֪ЩΪ︮ǣЩĿ𣿱ˣ︮ǻǵ
ҵȻ֪ѾΨһѡ񡣡
̾˿˵µ︮ŸողϹ鱨Լʷ棬Բ㣬ʱʧȥ507749ŵ֧ԮǺȥ
Ͳ±𣿡
ɨ˳¹һۣ˵ˣ׷ʹǵĿǵϼɵǶſûκεĻ
ȻУܶʱǶҪ︮
¹ЦЦ˵Ȼʿǲİĵšħȷʵ˽ģ︮԰ǼЩ˽⣬ֲĲ㣬ˣҲðհǴεĽ׳ɹ󼴱ϲʩѹҲĵض︮аεĽײɹ
ɹôŭʵ
¹ƲƲ죬˵ʵδǽ507ܻѾðˣ˷︮ˣϾͻᱻץ
Ǻǣˣճµģвǣ
ⲻвֻʵҲԷģֻҪǲԼ¶һ취ƽ뿪ϾҲԵš
¹˵ŵһЦһƽթл
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ߵɫҲԿȻѾ;ĩ·ˣ˭װӣɽӣװˡ
һԥ¹һ˵ˣ⻹һ˵ˣС죬Ҳ˳Сߡ
С㡭
ἰС㣬һʹ
ô507ĵ̣Ϊ749ĸ߲ΪȡôĸѾ御ˡ
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Ҳ˵ǲܴ뿪
ǵģڲУҺҸᾡȡᣬо֮һỹɡ
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ƽȮۣصĹѸҲֻܿһЦףʲôףֻǱвѡ
󣬳¹ǿС´뿪ʵңֳȸĵطȥ
·С˵СӻһףȻһ㶼û˿һиʣ˵ҪңΪʲô֮ûиһ뿪ͻȻһʧˣ
ΪʱүѾҲ˻ɡ
СЦЦ˵ʵʵ鹤֮⣬ڷĹعһҪ߶ȱܣδⱻ˷ݡʱѾүȸֱ뿪ˡʱҪһԸЩ׹̵ĽʬĻ˵ܸṩܴİء
˵ŻСһð״ӣͳһǹȡ˳һӵݸҡ
ҽӹӵһӵϾȻؿһҵġ
ʱСЦ˵Щоͷ䣬˵չҲȫ˷ʱ䣬ǽϵڼֳõħаúڹѪŴ׷Լɰ͵ĵҩӡʵĵģôͨǹͳһħķɽﲶʬʬԼвߵС֮Чǳ
С˵ʱЦǺǵģȴѾˡ
νʵ飬ӵȥɱЩ޹ССħ˵ЩǶģħ֮ͬҲƶ֣֮ЩСЩһֱɽδкκ飬Щץ֮ȴҪǹʸ֫⣬ֱΪЩʵк޻֮СҲǿ
ʱ¹ѾǴһȺʵǰһͭƣдһӢĺ֡GP-37
ʲô˼Сʱָͭʡ
GuineaPigʵƷ˼Ҳ󽲣ıš
󡭡
һߣȻЩνķˡνʵƷ
ꡱһű򿪣ſ󣬾ͼ䲡ŷİη崲ϣԵñ֮ǰֿʱ˺ܶࡣ
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һ˵һǰߣСڱߴ˵Сڹɽʲôεˣһ˵ġ
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̾˿ЩΣҪٿڣѾŰ˵ȷʵҪṩڹɽ鱨ûҪ˵ȥٸǾͺˡ
ߵĻ¹ת˵ɲУ뿪ηǹ涨
ȥĹ涨ɣ
˵ŻͻȻһȭֱӳ¹ϸ˹ȥ


306 ʼ
¹űѪʱˣȻû˦һŶĶͷϣһЦ˵ЩյĻزţ˭Ҫǣ˭ľӣ
ͻȻԳ¹һҵסϽʵߣǸ
ȻǾˣΪӦЩҪ󣿡
˵껰ͼСѾ˹û׹أһƿҪֽ˵δõߣÿ춼Ϊעһʹ־״̬ҩϣȥ˵ιԣܿͻѹ
С㡭
һ㶣СѳҺٺЦС׷ֵܰʲôݣҶẦģ
ʱҲ߹ЦЦ˵ǰζС507ӦȻĻҲܻðϢԼĻᡭ
С£ǡΪʲôҪǣѵֻΪ֮ǰĹϵ
⵹Ҳǡ
Сҡҡͷ˵ϲ쵼Լ507749ĸ߲Ϊ˰ȫƶ︮ĨɱƻΪ︮ЩصλͬһܵҹԼ֯һͱΪΣ֮УӼǰи߲Ҫ︮Ĩɱ︮ΪҺǽӴҲ֪׹̵ĴڣֻǸСûʸڸ߲ǰ˵ֻ˽°ˡ
˵ʱȻͼһӰѾǽﴩ˳һȻǻ顣
飬ô
һʣЦֻǻ飬ҶˣҺͳ¹ЭʱѾǱľſͷίˡƻ飬ˡ
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һƲ죬ɫһ䣬˵ˣȻû֣һֵ⣬е豸ʧˣҲ޷ȷĿǰλãƶѡ
İɣҪʩе粨ϵˣ֮ǰѾƶ˼ƻڶ뿪
Ǿͺá
һʱ˵507оźܶҪĶȻҪǳĨɱҲںʲôˣôĶߣЩ߲ϵĻ쵰︮ɲô׶Ըġ
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С£лˡ
߽ӹͼҪǳȥֱСסЦЦ˵һ£ȻηļѾǰƻˣļȴĵһĻ棬ߣҪǾôˣҿɾˡ
ףίֵܡ
˵Żһȭͷ˹ȥָСµͷѪεڵأҿ˶ۣϽһ˵ߣµҲ̫˰ɡ
һ㲻У507˿ɶϺ꣬ñһһỳɵСϵġ
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ƻܼ򵥣Ȼôǽ㣬ֻܴһ˴ǽ뿪Ͱȳȥصע
˵ŻѾЦжżͷ֣Ƭ֮Ĺ򣬾ͼﴫһˡؾȻѾˡ
ʱֳŻ˵飬ǧҪСһ㣬УѰ͵ȫصһҪϻСҪæߡ
İɣ
ͷҪȥĶ֪ȴס˻飬ǿһ˿Ц˵ôôҲˣǾôƲңøС
˵䣬ѾС¸ҵҩƿ˹ȥ򿪸ֱ͹һڣһЦһԣСѾͷȥһСηλðɡ
ѶҲû˵ϽԻ˵ǾͰհ˵飬ȰյͼСڵȥ·ǧҪСģȻۣЩǿġ
İɣס
˵ŻϸڵͼϿ˼ۣһѾǽʧˡ
ʱͼһѾֳǳ˹涼ûУһǵʱ;ǹȻûڡ
ӵžƤǽϣǿɲﵱӣϽʱ˻˰ηʱЩѾһγǱƽ
ʱȻһҽдǴŷһȻǻѾ˲ǽﴩ˳ûЩ֣Ѿһһ߷ѹһȺٺЦųǰ˰֣һӣٶǽʧˡ
СѾͷͦˣ
Щû߾ǰ壬ʱͼӰһΣѾǰ˹ȥȻ忴ûʩκεȭһȺѾ׷ڵϲҽˡ
ҾȻˣСӲֽŹҲ򵥣ټϣܿ죬˸ѾȫڵأľɼҵشţھһȻ̫ˡ
ûϽǰ壬Ⱦͷһ䣬ͼϵڻ鴤ǰһëСء
һǣëСһЦطôԹƵģҶ·ˡ
߸Ͻܹȥʵ㲻ǺҫխZһ飬أ


307 507
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ץˣôץģ
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ٷϻֱͶЩֱӶɱ˵ģİɡ
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ȻˣǾһŵͼǰߣҲиӦʱ̧ͷһɨϷļͷ˸⣬̳ëС˵éɽ׻ųĵ𣬸ĵǲǲࣿ
࣬ȵĵ͵öˣ
ֳ̧ǰԶһһָٺЦ˵Щͷһֱ͵ǣоôֽţصô
һһڣëѾᡣ
ҵġ
˵Żѿ첽ߵǰıǰһ׷ֹӵѾը˳ȥҲûֱ֮ͽ־ץĵߡ
һʱһݵĵ˲伸סë첲ʱһըഫǽϵ·˲䶼̵ð˻⣬ת˲֮䣬еĵƹâʼҵ˸һǰѾһƬڣֹûã谵عѾǺͨͨذâû֮ǰôˣӦơ
ëϵĻҳһЦ˵ֱǵ·ЩغƶѾˣһʱ޲á
ëôһ˵ǷģǸϽŵͼּǰߡ
ûþǰ洫һҽǸϽ˳ܹȥһȹùǰ棬ʮɱ˵͹ˣЩȻҲе֣һʱ羹ȻЩмܣٿȹùãȴֻں濴֡
ûܹȥæأȹùһۣŭι㵹ǰѽѵս𣿡
ҲѾЩеǹ
ȹù΢΢һЦ˵ͼһѾҪȥڵϵǹùÿûһĳӡ̸첲һһҽС
ʱֻȹù˵︮ͷ棬ҪĿǸ֣ǷҪôʮ˶ӦˣԺôǻ죿
һ⻰ˣùǹ˻ѵأʱȹùҲһɨǣ΢Цųǰ˰֣ƺ˵Ƿģһ˾ˡ
ʼʱһе㲻ģֱ˼ѾڵϵͻȻһۣ໰տ˽һͨȭͷøˣһȭȥĸ˶ˣһǲҪǵˡ
ĸֳҰյͼǰ壬ۿҪߵһ·ʱǰȻֳֳǹе𶯡֮󵱼Ǿ
ëСһߣ֮һ׹⣬׻ûȳأҰѾϿյͨڴǼıûȼתǹڣͼҰһͨȭͷкûӵĹ򣬼Ѿڵˡ
ӣǵģаǶء
賯΢΢һͷ˵ִŴ˳ȿʼǰ塣
أüֱԹһһһǣڶͨˣ˵סˣ׹קĸ
һ֮󣬺ȻǰȹսǺ洫һ˵ǸϽ͵͵յսǴһͼһһŽյķǰһأ߸Ͻͷһ۵ͼüͷ˵GP-42ͼʾرصķ507һʵҡҲǡ
˵߶ʱһ
Ҳʲô
ԣҸϽѵͼһͼͼλãȻԲʱһС֡СʬŴ
⣬ʡʵҡ
ˡһֱӾȥȴסңѹ˵ȱżûСˣ˵ѾСʬˡ
˵ʱëСѾ˿ڡ
ȻûС
˵ųǰһָҺһȥͼ澹Ȼһֻ¶˻İЩûע⵽֡
ȻѾǣɼȻѾˣΪʲôֱӰСأ
뵽͵һ¾ߵǷſڳ˹ȥſڵҲѾңеǹҾ
ǰǾͿǹˡ
ͷСӳպһѾ˳ּŶѾϣҳû˫һ𣬴ųļ̳˹ȥһһըЩؿϣʱײü˵˳ȥʱֻëСںСӣʱҪЩͨˣɽ𡭡

ʣµļʧ֮ʣѾ˵ǵǰһͨȭߺܿͽˣʱëСҲѾɨ˻һۣʵҽֱӰСʬߣô
ңû
ʲôûʵ
Ʋԥ˵ΪΪʬ塭ߣǣǺܶߡ
ܶپߣܲȫСɣҾʵ
ǵǣѽǽȥԼˡ
˵䣬ѾԼȴǽֽΧûëϽŵһ׻֮ʾءһ׻ѾըһҸϽһţһͳ˷ȥһҲסˡ


308 ҵʵ
ܴҲܿտһţһŨѪζȴӭ
ҳŷһɨ⡱һֻмλð岽ҵ̨̨Χϣһ߾ʬ壬ȫźСһİ״ӣŮ˵ģľ˵ģͿԶʮӶ࣬ҲģӺͷˡ
ȻúܲңһƸѪУԲ˫ۣһﻹ߬һǹѾʲô˺˿˿ӦòǵˣǱʲô˺ġ
߾ʬסʱѾС㣬
ҸϽܵߣ̨һֻ̨ϸһˣߵС㣬ұߵġȻ麣
Ϊʲô麣˲һ
ϸһŷ֣һ˿ҡ֮ë麣Ѿʿ˶ӣң۾ȻӼ¾ȫˣƺʲôˡ
ѵǽ麣ʵ飿
һԱߵ˵ͷ˵ⲻûпܣڵ麣ֻëֶ꣬ɲ507Ȼ᲻Ȥ
һ⻰⡱һϽܵһ̨ǰȥС㣬ͼɫס촽ϵСһڴϣûһ˿ϻһײӣ嶼ڵס
ƿײӵһɲǣҵĺּǲģ°ѰײƿһСĶҲѾ
ûҼ룬ҧ͵һƣʱġ
Сϵ·ʱĿڵ˺ϵѪҲûоκδһ
ʱëǰС֣üͷ˵ʬ¶ȺͱжϣС麣ʬ֮ǰӦһֱ507ûæŽǣǲ֮ǰŽʬ̧ġ
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С԰׵Ҳһۣ͸һѼ⵶һ
ԲС㣬ûܱ㡭
СʱڱеС
ôˣ
ҸϽ˹ȥͼѾ麣̨һս֮󣬱˵ϵʬʵģһרҵҽʵԱһ̨ʵ󣬶һʱ佫ã㿴Щʵþӵõǡ
һҲˡ
ҵͷϵѪһָ˵ϸЩѪƬѪнӡҲ²⣬麣̨ʵӦûûɣЩʵ߾⵽ʲôϮӶȫɥ
һ˵ҶԼͬسŻ˹ȥ鵱һ㶣ϽԴҡø˹һ˵ǱѽҲŲɱأҸսʱǾˣһҼҵģˡ
㣬ǻ˭
һԥĿ麣ʬϣ˲
ߣ麣
һһڣ麣ʬԱ߼߸Ͻһ˳ҵĿҲ麣һ˲һ˼ͼ麣ָѪѪģմѪ
һ⣬Ѿôˣ麣ɱЩˣΪʲôȴûйǣ
뵽׳ŵӴս麣ʬ壬ϸһ֮շ⡣
麣߶µͷȻһףΧͷѿ
һףҸϽܵһʬǰʬеǹȿ˼°ȷӵûְ֮ǹڴڱϸţһɻҩζŨ˱ǡ
ҸϽְѵгһȷԼĲ²⡣
ӦûˣЩ˿϶麣ɱģ麣ֻë꣬ûô׾ͱɱҹ¼иû˵ָˣΪһֱ507䶳Ĺϵֱ챻ⶳ֮Ż˹ʱͻȻɱЩʵԱ㿴ʱһŵĿģҲֻбʵʬͻȻܸǴôĿ־˰ɡ
˵ŻְĵӸߣ˵֮ǰС²˵507һӵרڶԿħаҼˣǹӵ֣ǹлҩζӦǸոտǹãȻ麣ϮЩʵԱʱһǹ麣ĺԣӵһ麣Ĵһ˵Ǳס
˵ЩʱߡëСɵͶһɾȵĿ⣬һ㶣Ͻʵôˣ˧ˣ
ġ
߰˰֣ĵ˵Сʱȷʵ˲٣е︮ĳԱˡ
˵ʱɨ麣һۣһЦ˵һһ㲻ףȻ˵麣Ϊʲôֺö˶˻̨ϣ
ոҲ˵ˣѪнӡ˵麣ϮЩ֮˽ֽӵк麣̧̨ϣҲ£Ӧδɵʵɡ
ҿ˿˵ܿϧûȼʵ飬ûȰѵЩ˵ʬ嶼ʵͱˣ˻ŵʵԱòִ뿪ݵϵѪʳ̶ԼʱжϣʵӦǣǡʱ䴳˻ء
˵꣬ߺȻëСüëǱƺԺ
ëûѡ˰ɣ
ëСһЦûش𣬵ƺҲԼһ˿ο
ʱԱʵô죿ҪҪ麣ʬһߣ
룬ȻӿڴѴ˳
߻ˣһǸҿֱɣ󻼡


309 Ͷ·
桰족ʱһֱпſڷڣԹҩ֮ȻҩҩЧûȫʧǿԿľ״̬ѾԵĺתˡ
óʱȻſڳ˵麣ʬĻҽǿ㶯֣ΪѾԶĽŲˣҲöʮˡ
˵꣬ëѾҡҡͷڵٲʮˣǴΧģˡ
ߵͷЦ˵ģ麣ѾƶˣʬһţϾ͸㶨
˵ŻѾŻ磬ǿ麣Ķ֮󣬽Ļ˹ȥ
ʱȴȻһ΢
𡭡ɱҡɱҡ
ʱҶһ£ƶΪǶ˻أת˲֮Ѿ˲ԣʱ麣˹ȥ
Ȼͼ麣촽΢΢ţúܵͺ˵𣬱ɱҡǡȾҡ
ҶʱһһǰáβҧһڡȻ507һܣȻֱƶǣںﻹһдƵġħӵ쵰Ȼţ
Ȼ˵ȻԥԴǿӵԵʣѾ޷ˣָֻ⻹΢΢زһ¡
麣󣡡
һţɱСʱĳŭ˲ϯͷץһͳ˹ȥ
ĻǲǣãͰж˿飬գ
ߵ麣ҸҪһϣȴ麣вһδ
ɱҡҡҿԸǡҵˡ˭
ǻһڣ߸Ͻһ߬סҵҡͷ˵ȱż˵ꡭ
ʱſڵİҲֲͷشߴٵÿһЩѾӽˡ
ɱҡҿʲôǡ
㶼֪ʲô麣ʡ
ң֪ܶ飬֪ĶҲ֪׹̵ġܲĶһԡԸҵ˭Ҫʲô
麣ɱƭǡ
ҡҲҡѾˣֻ롭͵
麣üƺҲǲһѻ
ֻҪǴҳȥҡһ·ʲô˵
麣˵껰ͼߵıԶˣɨһۣʵߣ𣿡
š
Ʋ죬˵һΣ麣׹̵ʹ֪һЩ׹̵鱨Ҳ⣬︮ʵЩ鱨Ʊضкܴİ
˼ǡߣ
˵ĹѾһ󼤵ؽŲԽԽĽŲһźҲʵʴʵţѾΧˣϳͶ
ȻЩ߰ΧһβëСͰ˵ԼҲˣ˵ҲüʮˣëСƵֻܶ࣬١
ҲûţһԷϽŹٵ˵ԷøϽԲҪȻĻҪȫ˿ɲˡ
βͺˣͨˣöԸ𣿡գ۾˵
⻰һ˰һǰۣʵСѾͷԸͲ𣿡
һ⻰˲ɫ
⻰ɫҲѿһüͷö⡪
飬СʬһҸ麣ëСɵöˡ
˵䣬Ѿڽűߵİײӽ麣ĸһײ麣ʵʵԼıϣžſڳ塣
Ȼճ嵽ſڣȻһ󼤵ǹѾ˲䱻ӵײö졭
ۿ𻵵žҪӵײëСһʹܵſڣһŸϣ˦ּţٶȽӡһʱꡱһһ㼤ɫѾŵ磬˲ʹ͸Ű壬ͬһһŶſڵЩ˹ȥһʱҽ
ëǧҪɱ˰
߸ϽëСͷֳǺɱȥ²ˣ죬̨ͷõĶȶ˵İ취뿪
һ⻰Ҳ˲ϴСˣϽʼ˶̨æûȳʱȻԹԵض㵽ǽ£ĿΪδָԵʣһͨѾ͸֧ˡ
æŶʱǹûжϹűȽϺʵû򴩣ɾʱȻ䡱һ죬ƺǶԸĻͲѾóˡ
ûǽƹȥ̨µſڣһ˲䣬ҵһú󱳶ŵëСʱõ˳ȥͨһ͵˵ϣһ̳ŵϽҲѾըñΣۿžҪײǸϽ̨˹ȥֽײһŷŸϡ
ɾʱ˳ϽǱըεķ϶һⵯȻ˽ûǷӦءһǷɽⵯѾڿը죬һǿըɢһͷĿѣᣬ˼žѽ˿ģģľͼһȺѾźų˽ʱһǹ׼Χÿһ䡭
˵ؿˡ
ɾʱŨİкȻһĦг
ֵܣ㼱æб£ѲǺֵʲô鷳ɣ


310 
һ˵һ㶣˲䷴ӳ˹Ǵɸ磬СӻһףȻ˵ͨʰѴɸŪˡ
ʱֻŨ֮дɸ磬ƷҪɱǣɱȫ̵
ֵܣҵİɣֵǡ
ɸȻһʵʱһˡĦг˷಻ϣǴʵҵÿﴫġ
ͻȻ仯ЩճȫɵۣһʱҲЩ֪ˣɸûǷӦɸһŭһعѾǰͷȥ
ѽ
˲䣬Ĳҽ˷ɸµļʮŹ»ҰѾЩȥŵòǹˣƨͿʼܣҲмӴģǹϴ򡭡
ЩͨǹӵƺʵģӵǵͺЧǸϽȲصһߣñЩˡ
ûõĹЩѾεΡܵܣɸԼġĦгӡǳˬˣһĦгȣʱ·һֱײʱ׷ȥһŷ֣ĶǼʮˣʱȻɸֿʼбˣмٺŹƨɺҺŰ
ߣ
ᣬǸϽҲʵңҲִСʬ崩ǽ
дɸһڵҴŵң̻˲٣ܵһ·ϣһǺڶƶűЩŻˡ
ŵͼǰ˼ӣͼȹùѾ˹һǻͣȹù˵ߣȡѾȡˣбûУ
ûˣ׼ˡ
ҸҪǰܣͼխZۺҫҲѾıϳǳ˹ȻǸˣֳûãѾҰϵүҲѾӲһҶˣһϲʱּһѾֳǿϮǰڵķΧ˹
һЦ˵Щ˻ǲΧֵǸѾһĦȭƻˡ
ɻûǰأѽסŴ߿ڴѴ˳һȣʹܵȵݶϡ
ۿЩѾԽԽҲⶼ߸ϽСҪ̫ͨСܲģƴ˰ɡ
ƴЩԼ͵õ
˵Żһץǽǵĵ·ܵһֻѾŴ˰컨ϵ
ǰʱ̸С¶˫УôһգֻҪ¶ȴﵽ70ȡͷϵˮͷͻѣɾˬˡ
ǵõʱּԹһΣ죬ȫö˱ˮܳ͸װǽһˬΪűװãӸˣ类˿
ۿЩҪƽû˴żӣȻۡһˮѾӿƮȻ£͸Ƶġ
ЩͷϵĴװƺģһͷһˮͷҸϽӿһüëٺЦŮǶЪɣȫˡ
Ȼᣬ˫һƮˮһϸϸˮߣʼЩϵ
ǶŻˣûͣסŲһˮɵˮѾ˵Ľ£һһȺѾ˸ʺ
ŵøϽȥץڵϵǹЩˮߡѾǹԶ
ҳ尡
һ𣬴ҲЩͳ˹ȥıˮӳȥһ·Ҳ˲١
ǵͻȻϮԼɸٹڵ֮£˳һһأ˵硢խZԼҫⶼЩˣڲأûⳡͻȻϮôҶһ
ۿǰѾǻصĳˣҶӽ˽ŲûȿλãͼһǹֵѾӳ˽ŵôҸϽɢ㵽ȥ
Ȼ˺ţѾܲˣֻһӵʱͶʱһǾըҲһˡ
һʱ䣬ҶЩΪˡ
ʱȻһӱ˳С׷С׷
ҸϽͷһȻǱߴѪСѾλƷǽ˹ϻԼסĸ¹
С£˰
ҳС°ʱֱӾ;סƿ϶û뵽С»507ˡ
ʱҲûʱˣС¸Ͻ˵Ʋ޵أûİ취вǡ
˵ŻС½¹ӼϷּҴҵ˵Ҹ749ĸ߼Ա507оԱﻹһ飬ҪЮȥǿ϶ҿǹ
𣿡Щԥ
СȴһЦ˵ͷ˵İɣҵĴˡ
˵ʱѾӺγǹֱݸҺ磬װвʣһ룬ҲֻðˣֱܱӳȥҪǿö࣬ȻĻͣһͻ˫
ö֮ǹЮС¾ߣС¸߾˫ֺǹLHʵĸ߼ʵԱ¹ǿңұЮˡ
һ⻰еȫסȻƻá
ʱҲں汧ŻԲѵĳ¹ǰߣǹסԴأ749߼Ա¹Ҳҵϣ˭ҪǸҿǹһǹͷ
ҸϽҺĺ˳ȥһ뿪Ļشſڣ߾͸Ͻ͵͵ں˶
ֳգһ˵ʱ䣬ֻҪںãǾ뿪ˡ


311 »
һ⻰ûҳСѾսսغǧǹLHʵʣʵԱǿǸεġ
СµĻľҲΪĬһųһյ֪ͨϼô졭
ǡ
ӦһתܣëСּۿ죬͵͵һ֣һ̷ֽɵϣ˲ͼһը죬ѡͨһ˵ϡ
Ȼëҹζ࣬ϵ̫÷ǶǲˣһתҲϽвС˵ǿûʱǻ㱨϶£ұ֤Ƕܻš
ܵģǵǱصİȫΪκˡ

ûǾ˵껰СѾֹòɫ޺LHʵϵشŹʵҪϣˣ˭𡭡
⡭
ǾһԥһҡˣҸϽֲ˵ǷģǲɱˣúõĻţֻҪ뿪ұ֤ȫ˵İȫ
ǡǾˡǲЭġ
ǲǷӣ︮
˵䣬ѾسǾ˦ȥһ̧һӣһ︮Ĵ
졭︮
Щ︮ΪĿãڷϲĨɱǲȡԼĶȻԼĻ飬ǻûɥ벻ҪΪǣȻĻҲͱǷˡ
˵Ż̸ֵ˷ʱƴһս׼
ǾһĬȻһ֣Ѿеǹ˹תǹ£LHʵԱһУá߰ɡ
һʱ䣬񣬵Ĭһ֮ǶؽǹǾǹĵط˳ȥܿ죬ǹеڶǰ״ѳ˶ѣëСһ˦׷֣׵̽ǹе
Ϸˣ뿪
ǾٶݺݵغǸҼţϲǲˡǵģСĵԺԵҵϡ
ҪǺúõķߣҲˣһ⻰ﲻЩˣʵضϮˣֵġ
һת̳ǾٺٺһЦҿɲұ֤˺ǻ᲻׷
㻹ô
ѿӶѵ
ʲʲôǿǾˣ
һȺסǾҲ¶ɫҸû˵ֻǹʹСͷһŵС۲ҽеͬʱǾƺҲ˵ҲҷϻˣϽȫжӣˢˢʼѿӡ
ˣۣڿҲѡ
⡭
죡
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һĹ򣬼ʮ˵ĿѾǰѻȹùúխZۡҲߵøϽͷȥҿˡ
С£֪ô˰ɣ
СС¶һ˵Сص˵ͷҽŰǰݺһƣСһܹȥһѿӾܣһ߿һͷҲصغѽвôģвôģұʩ˵ƲԼ
С±ſӡǵǵǡһͨܣЩʱͶšɡɵˣëСǼ׷֣Щ̾һҽУҸϽڳĶͷһصŶǰһͨС
ȻëС֮ڶڴ˼׷ȥûþѾһҽȻЩ׷׷Ѿʹˡ
Ŷǰ˴ŶԶÿǰһξ룬ëСػ׷赲׷һ֮ǰѾ¹ĶڣȥһȻѾ˳Ŷһͱڵмλã˶ұϴվŵһСͻʯ֮⣬¿ѾǼʮ׵Ԩˡ
ôǴֵطˣ
ҳһ۵ͷһ䣬û˵ѾشڵģѾź˽Ӧˡ
˵ͳһֵֻͲ׼ͱһťֵͲ̵˸
ûãһˡŵ´ſʯͷϸһͱ֮¾ȻһһҴѾұڵӰʻǵ·ڴͷء
ٿߣҲѾͱһʯͷаǳһͱϹ̶֮󣬽ˤ¡
죬ص˿϶ǣ²˳ٸϽ뿪
ߵĴߴ£ҽ˴ϵĵƶҿźھʹ˳£ʱͼһֱܼšˡͷʻȻǻѲǵټϿȺխֱͷɲû֡
˴ﰲȫص֮ԽҰѾںӱߵȺǶʱˣϳδص˻;·ϣûߴ·뿪ɽ﷭ɽԽһ뿪˻صּΧûʲôԼ󣬴Ŷһ
ǵʱǸ¹ľʿڰȫڼ䳵ҿ̫죬ʱŵĿĵأɻȥһ·ԽҰȫˣ賿˹·ڶ쿿ʱѾصݾڣȻûֱӻ֮ǰأǿɽƵһط
ͣ³һѾͣһںɽǰ
ߣΪʲôػأ
һʣͼָɽЦЦ˵Ѿ˰ǵĻء
˵Ż߸Ͻ˽ȥɸ붴ûãǾ͸оǰһͻȻ³͸һٻָʱǰȻһİ칫ˡ


312 ȫ
һʮӭ˹Ž˰ѾһϢ촽ڲ麣̧ߣֶ˵¼Ǵ749ṩǵġ
߻һʵǣϼѾ˺ҪĨɱ749ΪʲôҪṩǱѴ
Ϊձǡ
ߵ˸̣۵ֱ̱ϣ˵˵︮ĺֲܶˣϡ˵õĳԱ749ģʱ͵͵ǣһ飬ṩԼһܻأձ࣬Ϊ749ôأٶ︮ʲôûоһ˵Уǣɾˡ
ĿأҾʵ
ߵ˵ͷɨһëС˵ܽصĲңëǵǸʱëһֱû¶Ѱ׹ݵľݵ㣬ʵͿʼֽܻˣΣյĵطȫĵط749˺׹̵˾벻ǻ½ݣ749Ƥӵ¡
˵ʱë߹һ£ѵ¶Ц˵⻹Ҫ鹦ߣ˵׹θͷߵļƻǵ۾һ͸оץ޽ܻصĻһΣ︮ľȫˡ
ʱͼһѾֳһļ˹ļֱݸߡëүԼȹù֮˵λѾ¼ֲͳ˳ĿǰʹáûбֵķֲֻʣȥͱץߵĳԱ֮⣬ĿǰɢػȡϵĳԱһˡ
һˣΨһܶԱȫˡ
̾˿ʱʵˣѾķԸ麣Сʬ塭֪ôá
С㡭
һС⡱һϽڱĶ߸Ͻҹȥ
һ˵ȴһԥĬ֮󣬲ڿڣСǲСʬ507ֻǲԷʵ飬̫ˣСĳΪ׹ʵ飬Ҳ507СϷʲôñ˵֪ܡôʬ壬ʵҲã

һȻֳĬһ֮ҡҡͷ
һѾˣȸûڶǡ볹׻ٵ
㣬˵ʲô
⻰ֻңү硢Ҳȫס
˵ҪٵС㣿
ĬĬͷ
Բ֪ǺѽʵҲãĵطδϹԤԱδӦ麣ĻС氬ȼħܡΨһİ취ˡǵûٵСʬ壬󻼡
賶أ
һѾ;סߵĲӣŭߣۿǸողһģۺòװȳ㾹ȻҪɱ
ɱѾˣףٵСʬ壬ܻ鷳
費ܣ֮˭ҶСһ£Ҹ˭
ɫص̾˿ûٶ˵ȴ֣ӷϵָȴ̧¡
ʱһߺȻ˦ּһŶȻɨҪ͵ϮңһʱѾ˲ˡ
ʱͼȺеҲѶ԰Լү֣˲ˣֲһʮ˳ӭǣԭ߰źõġ
Ѿ׼˵ҪٵСʬ飬ǿ϶ӦѾƷǵ׼
Щ︮ȻҲǸ֣ټϳ̫ͻȻһʱûǷӦŶѾֱÿ˵ϣһ˲䣬ȫӲɥʧжһƿңվ
ԲСЩΪ︮ңĲǶ֡
˵䣬ߵۿѾʪˡ
ǷģǲҵΪҲνٵСʬ֮ٸǸԸ˳︮ԸⱻǻⶼνҾκΣ︮شڡԲ𡭡Բ𡭡
˵˼Բ˵˾ߣȹùúҸĸѾǰ
ǰһ㶣һü˵ôѵҲң֮ûн˶סǣֻǶʶˣһΪġ
ߡ
ȹù죬ʵߣôĻ᲻Щ̣С㶼Ѿˡ
Ȼ̣ٵʬ壬һٱ׹̵˽ô죿ЩɥĲ˭֪ʲô
˵ȹùûҪΪС⣬ȻѾȥˡ
֮Ҫ˵ˣԸһе
˵ֻͷɨһۣ̾˿˵С֮Ҫұʱ㡭
˵Żִ˾ǰȥҵѾˣκ彩ӲŲһ²ʹˡ
ۿ߾ҪʧȵľͷľȻ˶ס
ô£
߽üͷһʵ︮ҲֻһãȻҡҡͷ
ɾʱһѾӴͷ첽˳һ̰ݵڵأ𣬲ˣͣʬǱ룬Сʬֵܶˡ
ʲôΪʲôǸջͳ
߶ʱŭûп壬صʲôˣ
ˡһֻӡ


313 ȥ
ӣ
߶ʱһϽ˿첽ȣ߸һ뿪һ죬ڴұĶѾȫճ˻ҽ
ֻԱϵëС̾˿ڵվˣȥɣ˭һ桭
㻰֮ǡ
һʣҸϽקܣʱˣ֮ƨ
ȣͼǰһ׷غȥʱﲻ죬öΪʲô֮ǰ749ṩĻʱöʧȥϵһʱ䣬Ͼ¼չöﱻ︮ԱڸĳɽпţǱ֮޷ϵԷ
һֱ߲ŴȥһöĵطʱöѾˣһ飬öݷֲ׹ϮʱϻȥԮҲѾȫ˷ֲ֮У֮öˣ˵֪صĴˡ
뵽ѾȵľͷȻͣʬڵλá
ʱͣʬſѾˣ硢ǰ棬ҲܶǲԼˣ߾ͼ˽ȥһ˲񡭡
ͣʬУͼһ˶ĵɫмλͣСʬĸּܴһϣȫ档
һֻԲĴСϣһ˫ͮͮ۾סС԰׵
ͼǲɫϣԼǶдĵָһͨңȴ˿ûм߶ʱŭö֪֪Լڸʲô
Ȼ֪Ҫҵĺӡ
öȻžͼӵϱһס֮£ӵ״Ѿ𽥱ΣȹâȥѾΪεöһʹСʬůůһЦ˵Ϊҹڻ棬ҾҲЩҿһֱ͵͵أҪǽǻҴ·һҲء
ö︮ܲٷ
һŭ𣬶öȴ޶ԣͷɨɨڴϵС㣬ۿʪˡ
ߣֻԼĺӣдȻҵŮô˵ǴҶõҲܿܣǲк塭
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һȭݺɫϣȴȫЧʱͼöĶ΢΢һЦſڣûõģЩҵĵѾԭòˣڵκβҡ
öĻҲΪϽֳԵߺ죡ëȹ
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ëСȺһڣΧ߸Ͻóһ·Ȼû˵ëѾҡҡͷ
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һʵѵӾҪʲôħֻһ취ܾС㣬Ļ
ߵȻֹҲʱ⡱һƺѾʲô
ҸϽ嵽ɫǰŶʱʱµöﾪöòԼĵ
ûһ˵꣬öѾ΢Цųҵ˵ͷ
СлһʱչˣȻҺ᲻㣬ԺûˣһҪúôСŶ
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ߵĻ˲һʱֻ֮ѾſһŸ۵⣬öС
֮УͼǳЦöһ˫ɰСö΢΢һһ죬Ѿ³һźɫСԲһ뿪壬ڷת֮½öһ̧֣㽫ǡС
ұ濴龰˲񣬾ͬʧһݺȭö𡭡
Ȼֻ˵һ룬ʣµһȴɤס
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ҵƺδôҹֱѾһŽ
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ӣһȥɺã
С𽥻ָɫӣöЦݸˣɫȴȻԵԽ
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СҪذСԲ۸ҼС㣬𣿡
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âɢҲѸһɢ٣һϽȥһͼڴϵСһɫѾת˲٣öȴѾֳԭΣſСĿϣһžڸȡůһ
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ҸϽöССϱѾϢһ˲䣬ľٱһ㣬ʱֳСĿɨһۣ֮ǰ麣˳˿ڣѵȻ޴棬ȻΪǧ굤Եʣ˿Ѿȫˡ
ʱͼߴ˹ҸϽסüͷҪٸСһ£ֱ㡭
ССѸңôɱһУҲɡ
˵̾˿ḧһöͷȦҲѾˡ


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һҪö
Ҳ֪ĶվǺݵ˵仰
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һԾˣҸϽʵ˼˵öȻѾڣ

ͷ顶¼ļأħΪǬԪ顢ڣħ·Ϊ񡯡顯ǡ顯顯顯ħޡ顯顯ʬ顯ʮʮħ֮УǬԪռռгʬ֮⣬ĵֻأǡ¼йȷصġ
ԴԴȴЩģ˵Щʻ㣬ǰҿû
ʱүҲԱ߲廰˵ա¼ļأȷʵ٣öΪǧҰóɾ޳ɾѻΣ޳οǣħ˵ȷʵֻء
⻰дϲϽʵү˼ǣöĻڣֻѾظ
Ӧò٣Ȼл֮Եֻ֮תֻظвͬԶȻöĻǣҲ֪һħһа
ү˵ŻΪѵسëСɨһۣëҲҡҡͷ㿴ҲûãȻ޵ãҲشˣƺ֮ҲûмعˣɾѰˡ
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ҾֻҪȷöĻ˵ظͺðˣظǲû¹ٴȥһΣͲҲö
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ҼֱţʱȻں淢˵ʮħںδԹȷʵûйʲôؼأҲȫû֪һ˿ܰæ
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︮»ȻɽģȷʵСߴһҹһ֮ͣһǰ
ǱֿƺͨľţȴżֽסſֲһԹѪݵĺŸס
ְЩ˺ʱʵ
һקһͷҲص˵֮ǰǾ͸߹㣬СƵĻѾԭ֮ǰҪֲ̫࣬żûСֱӳ︮Ǿû棬һֱ
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˵䣬Ѿϵĺȫקֽϵķ˺ȥŶ롣
ȥһͼСɫǵڿɳ˼һж̧ͷۼ˽ȥʱͼƮ˹ʵߣҵ︮ôˣ
ȻСһֱڵ︮İΣ
ʱͼԼүëС︮ˢˢݵڵأͷ˵ϣͽܲ︮˽ѣϳ͡
˵ϻ︮ʲôˣСŭ
齹ǣ߸Ͻν˵򵥵㱨һһ˵︮ȻԪ˵ûгױٵСһƮɳ
֮Сɨһۣһ˵ǶŻŵģʲô˵˰ɣ

߻һڣС̰˰˵ιǱһһвУȻ֮ˣʱŶʮ꣬ǶҸˡ
˵껰һתֺٺһЦ˵︮ڵֵܼңһСƸֱӽиҲôаɡ
Сһ仰︮ȴһϽӦһ
վǵؽ鷳СƲһ飬һ˵꣬СƺȻЦЦЩˡ
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С֪̾˵Ҳ޷һ־ǻɢӦҲ֪
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ֵʣֱ˵öڵĶ


315 ׳
𼱣˵
꣬СȴɲЦν֮Ϊ֮ΪֶΪ֮ǰֻеΪ֮밢޵һȫвͬͬ⻹һֿԣ޿Ĺ͸ߵһĵزб֧𷨣ӴⲻУҲΪ˵еɣԹʱ̫񻮽֮伸ûһ˵ˡ
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СƵһЦѾ˵ĹˣҪôҪôڰ޵ҪôѾ⻯Ϊɣֿܼ㣬ԣûлɢԻڵһ
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Сƣʵ֮ǰͺܺ棬ֻһֱû㣬˵ʱŶʮ꣬Ҳ㵱ʱħ֣Ϊʲôô˽ħÿһħĹޣܵظô㵽ôģ
ʻʱͼСƵıȻЩӲҲûлشҵĻֻһ˵֮ǾðգһǺʤ㡭
˵⻰Сûǣ˵ˣ֪ҲѾ֪ˣҲûٶൢʱ䣬Ͷ뿪˻Сڵķ䡣
һ˷䣬̳ʵߣĶҼǵǰһֱǴһ𣬶Բԣ
أһһһֱһ겻񣬰Լڷ¶档
ҵͷ߰Ҵķȥ
ߵķſţǸûеõκεĻӦŽȥһͼԼĴϣһһƬĬĬء
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һ䣬ʶԱߣһ֮ǿһ˿Ц˵ʦ˰
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һҲûֱӰԭί˵һ飬ԭΪ֮϶ʧɫҲСһǣû뵽ǣһ˵꣬ѾվһѾ߬ҵظ첲ʦҰҩҲһȥвУ
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Ȼȴһ˵ʦһµظȥң롭
˵һ룬ͻȻ˵ҲѾ˼
һһǲǣ

ݺݵ˵ͷٶݺᡣ
һһΨһĺӣŶʮѣȴѾ׷ͺڷˣ˭ۣܲ
ջҡͷ˵ǸҲܴȥ
ΪΪʲô
˵ʵԼûκΰգһȥƾ׶༪ٻزˡ
ҿЦ˵֪ȥˣƱϴλҪΣյö࣬ǻزļʺܴ˵˼ֱȥģңҲðһԣҵöĻΣҡ֪ôȻ
˵̾˿ǰȥףȥ֮أȲ˵ܲҵöҵˣڵѾС϶Ϊһָôأ
ĬһȰ˵˵ˣһһѾôˣ˵ѾͶ̥תˣȥˣҲǿջϲһ
ǿջϲҲԸȥȥһܸͷȥһһӣһ
˵ʱǰδеרעᶨȻѾ¶˾ġ
һʱҾѾȫû˵ɣֱ޺ĥӲһ֮Ӧ
һӦһȥ󣬷ſڵķִһ̾ҸϽͷһȻǲ֪ʱСѾϢƮſڣһֱ͵ҺĶԻߺүҲԱߣؿɫ
֪Ƕ֧һðʧ֮٣ϾҲҵƢԣҲף϶˵ʲôûˡ
ǻСʱֿȰСֵܣͷȥ˵ʵɾ֮٣ûκνһĻᡭ
Ҷüͷչȴɵ΢΢һЦ
Ҷ֪ۣҾô嶯ʲôܲ˵İ׳գԼûа취


316 ֮
СſһĬֳ˵Сֵܣ
С˵תƮߣȻ֪ҪʲôһǸ߳˷䡣
СƽҴԼķ䣬һΣûߡүڸţǽǶ⣬ʵСֵܣȥɣôһɡ
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Цҡҡͷ˵ֻǡ뿴Լʶ뿪ѣܶԷŮˡֻҪҾҪļֵҵ֮ϣֵȥȡ
ûκγɹļʣҲֵȥȣ
ֵá
ҵ˵ͷҸͳˣûʲôĻҲûʲô棬һһ׵ģϣе¡е˶ԵģáŻãĶԴҲĶԴ㣬СʱΪֻ˲Żɺҷ֣ߵèèҲʯͷܡͺһʣȴһӺãӭҡβͣٺҷҲ
СĬĬţһ˿㵡
ǡֻһֻ֮︮ʣֵȥƴ𣿡
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Ʋ죬ֽ˵ʵҾãǱ¼д治¼ħֵַĺħο㣬ҿ϶дǶдҲдﶼ飬αػֵôϸأʬֲɣ˾ҧľɱɽһΪԼİ˿ҪֻСǵֲö︹еʵƷΪСĴڣö޹ֻС㵱Ůһֻȫ綼õģǲֺòã︮Ϊͷ­Ѫ麣ʲô׹̵ʲôҾã硢вñһŶۣñäĿķࡣöȷʵֻģľ͸ñĶԴһʺҲֵȥðաҵ֪磬Դпᡭ
Сֵܣ㡭㡭
Ҳ֪ôˣСƵۿѾˡ
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ҸҪأ
СЦЦ˵ֻǾһΣⷬҺСҶ˵괴︮ĳԡ
Сһ̾տһЦ˵ûһŰĴȱ֮ģ̸ʲôʵҲһֱΪԴħһҪǿӲİ취֮Աƣ䱾ģˣֺαذòпѪȣ
ȻΪʲôҪ︮ǵ֮ɱ
СƿЦҡҡͷ̾ħٶķ֮У˶︮Ŀ︮ȴĸ֣аΪСаħһ˵ΪħҲƶа֣֮ǲԸһ򾡡ǸҺСҶӶʧԼ
СƲûм˵ȥһþõĳĬĬֳ֮˵֮ǰңΪһħ˽⣿ʵҲ㣬Ϊ︮һλߣһҶҶ
ʲʲô˲侪㵡
︮һӴѾٶħ֯һģôأ
еľ֮󣬻Сȴδһ˿ʣЦ˵ܾȶ԰ɣ֪ʱҲܾȣҶΪǵħİҶ˽⣬ҲȻȴӵһźһðģһ︮ħȻ޴棬ֻ䰲̫ƽݺȴһֱ˽ܡ
˵ŻСѾƯ˷ǰȡһϣ˲輸ϡ
˵ЩȻһֱڷҲ˺ܶ︮ڲ׼¼ԭ󲻾Ҷѱɱ︮˹Ҷﱻɱԭȴһħʧݱй¶ձԼֵ︮Χ֮Щֱ֮ڡЩʵҲʣΪʲôȴһΪŬΪ˵Ľ
ԡּ︮аħ
Ӧɣ˭֪أʮ֪һ£ÿ˶ôȱҲÿ˵綼õģԣ︮Ҫ㣬˼Ҫ㣬СֵܣΡһҪҽ︮ױеӡ
֪ˣлл㡣
֪ģСƵһƺֱģЩˡ
Һݺݵ˵ͷվߣȻû߳ԶСȴڱֽһ
ҸϽͷʵôб𣿡
ʵ㲻ż뿪ջػ֮˵Ҳ˼νġͷߡħûͷߣֻأڵظ֮ͣ죬ʵʱ׼ǰ١
죿ҵȲˣ˵Ҳûɶ׼ˡ
Ц˵ҾϽöҩȻһȥһҶǵûţźúð︮ؽңпޡ
㲢ǿɿͷ̫Լˡ
СҡҡͷһЦСֵܣԸ죬ҲܽһЩĶȥ֮һ
ҪҶ
һ⻰дϲΪԵõ︮ߵ״Ϊеĸ֣һ
Сֵܣ뵱Ҷ̫ˣ뷨嶼ˡ
壿
С΢΢ס
Ȼаǧ굤ͬһͬ㣬Ϊ֮ȻǰҶһЩҲֻˡ


317 ȫԱ
С˵︮ĴʼҶõķǵ
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شκε
˵ҶΪһиһֽȻͬһһ޵֮˵Ȼ
ҲͬǣȴܼؽԦסշ磬һȴ
ңʵҵѵѾʼˡ
Сֵܣǵһμ濪ʼҾһֱס֮ǧ굤а֮ĳײ֮Ѿ˿ķֻ
˵ŻСЦ߸ָЦ˵ҶԴĹֻͬʱ߱а˲ſʹãһΪ߸ΣʵѾԼǰΡһ㣬硭
Сһָ
磬ԾǼԦ磬磬ҲԦ˷ҲǼԦС˵νġ硱˵ѧὫڳײŷųˡ
˵һѾˣԼڼ־ʱͷų֮ǿģҲѾѧʱ򷢳ǹ⣬硣
һָŸңڶ㣬С
˵ν磬ǺĿؽųôνУǽĿĿ꣬ԭųһλԼֱۡȭͷԼеı
˵һʱСص˵ͷЦ佱һ£һʵѾúܺˣҵĵ£ѾͨѰȽȷһͷųͽУѾԺúõļԦıˡ
ָʱС˵㣬ҲǰĻϣʼѧ᲻ͨУɼԦڵһزʱаĳͻѾСʼõ˺ܺõĵڡֵοǣһҲѾˣôģӦԼҲס
СƵĻ˼ȻȻһָһѪɫѾָϿʼԾˡ
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СƵͷ˵ͷΪۣѾѧ˽֮ųĿĵĺͷţҲ˵ѾҶԦ֮ĵ㡭
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ʱСƵɫѾͻȻѿ
һ߲㣬ƿĲ֮䣬ǰܺڵǧ굤̫ǿ󣬼ҲڣҲĲ㣬˵ܻѡ
˵ŻСѾһָҡ
Ĳ㣬Ƽס
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ԣƼףǵΪýͷҲʽͷųǸؽһ㣬ȭͷģڵ˲͵ͷţͬǰһƽ羵ˮһѾ֮ر壬ɽƼףҡ
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Ըԣ첻ܶ࣬ҶԸ⣡
ܺãȳȥ׼׼ӽʼҽħʽѵ˸֮ãһ֮
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˵ʱֻ죬ȥܻܲŻ붼룬绨С˵һһ£վֶһ
ȸһصǰѾ˲Ҿס

ȹùáҸĸëүȫڣһȺΧһһĦȭƣҲ֪ʲô
һ˳ȥվůůһЦ˵ӣôųǶѾ׼óˣ
裬ҪȥĶס
ǻ𣬵ȻǸһȥֵܡӱǶ׼ˡ΢΢һЦš
ʱȹùҲѾվһߣһ˵Сֶӣ˵ʲãô˵ǸڵˣɽȫԱҪȥһȥ
ùá
ѽ죬æء
˵ŻͼͰѾ̧һ˶ľͷ˽ͨһмһţӺٺһЦֵ˵Сӿ滹治٣οɲٴû׼ˡ
˵ŰӸһƿüһװһӵǮڤֽ
磬Ҫ
ϻȥ֮Լõģụ̂ôǮڤֽȥֱ֮׸ͱ㣬׷һȥˡ
硭⡭
ѽʲôⰡģ۲ҪײҪ
ٺһЦĨ˰ѱ˵ˣֹЩأһ߰æȥʮǮܳŮ̹˷ɻҪȥ֮ͱˣֱӴŪһӣɸô
ҪԼҿɻøϽִء
רſдëɨһۣЦһ˵С׼˾ͳɣȥأ̫︮ҪǴء
ëôҲŴ֣
˲񣬸Ͻ˰˵ҪѾֻȥҲڣ󡭡


318 һ㱬
󣿡
⻰һڴҶסҼ򵥽֮ǰСƸ˵˵һ飬˹
˵УҲҪǸһȥ֮︮ʣԼ뿪νǶˣҾе̫ԲסСˡ
˵ŻҿһЦе㲻˼ض˵ߣһµø˵һ£ܻܲ˵⼸øϽҸµңϾС֮ܲ̫ˡ
סߵ˵ͷҲû˵
糯ҺٺЦ
ССӲ˼Ǹ֣˦¡
磬Ҳ˼ֻǡ
ֻˣûǰȥϵɸ磬ʲô¶첻ɡ
ҲԱЦ˸󲻵ǣʱȻȺ˳ҲٺٵطЦ
˵ûôֻĿᶨضҺٺٻЦҿȴôҪΪˡ
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һҹҶұǰһδγ̫ۣ֣ˣٻ֣ȵʱҵ˫ֶѱ鲼ˡ


319 ħѵ
ۿѾɷˣС¼⣬ֶҵһȥϢ
Ӧһǰʯһ˲Ķ˹ȵס
޴ʯϱҴÿӿӵ㣬ȻΪҵ϶˵ĹϵѾѪ߰ˡ
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˲Ա߾õһʱͼүѾ΢Цת˵СӣҪҪһԣ
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˵ʱͼѾӶʯվ΢΢һЦƺǴ֣ȻȴȻһΣſſؾһͷԽˮС

ŵһУүҲ˲ɫȻƬ̵Ĺ򣬰Ѿִˮ˳ЦŰ˰֣˵Լû¡
ʱүüͷȴ̾˿˵Ȼǹˣ԰ڵ壬ֻ»ǳܲʩչַӡʱĸɡ
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ǰһȦֺȻһû˯ҲһûϢ
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ٺ٣⡣

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Ƕʱ䣬˵үеİع︮û̽С㣬ÿζߺëСе칫ȥŻ̸̸֪۵ȻǹڹɽĻ⣬Լš֪δģҴδһ䡭
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ʱͼëСȺе˵ͷ΢Ц˵ȻСС;ȻġӡѾ˸пˣַӡҵеĸ߼ʮˣֱľַӡŲѰ츳ȷʵСһ
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ʱһѾȽ˴һ̵֧װŨıӡ


323 ̽ڤ
ոջַǷһҩ߽˲ѻȸǼģҲ
Ĭ֮һٺЦ˵ˣ׼׼·ɡ
һЦ硢Ц
ʱͼߵҵǰɨһ˵СոȥСˣûѣ㲻ȥһ𣿡
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һŻģһүһڣѲ
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˵ŻݺڵϿͷүĬĬͷȥ
ҳһֻӣҰ͹ù˹ȥѾ˸̨ʣڻȴ˺һȻ˵ˡ
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裬ùãˣԼأ̫ҡ
⻰Ȼû˵ȻѾоˣһʱ䣬͹ùöᣬҰҲͷȥҧǿ
ʱͼëСһǰ˵λ֮ǰ¹һεظһЩѶ˰ɣδʲôģһٲһȽϺá
˵һָϵĸӣ̾˿˵ıҩȥ֮ǻһʱļ״̬ҲСʱСʱ֮ڣǷɹӪöǶʱ뿪׼һҪԼʱǻƴǾȻӪ֮ǰǻǾܵɢǿɾٲˡ
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ͻȻëСлȻߵϽ˰ӺٺЦ˵ллʲô︮︮ģǶǰԼֵܣɶѽ˵ˣҪлңҲͷʾȸǶŪһɶģԺ׷ɱˣҾллˡ
ãҰơơͭƶ׼ã
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ˣҲûϴµظʱôīƨƨܵǰӼһҩ˹ڸˡ
ҩһ¶ǣͼһѾ˵ϣʱҲѾһģһ
ҶӣֳһۣЩĵ˵Ҫһȥȣҵһһһᡭ
ʦ˵ˡ
΢ЦҡҡͷѾһӶ
һһѾôã֪Ҫͬڴһ㣬һҪȥȻһʹһӡ
˵ŻҲеĶҩ
Ѿ˵ϣҲڵãӡ׼Ԫϡ
ҸҪȱĶҩȻһ޺Ѿ˹
ӣ㲻ܺȣȥȥ
֮ȴûĸ׿ɱĵȻѾѹֵ˼ޣڳױ
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裬۶ѾˣȻѧԼе۱ܣֻšֻͺˡ
˵ŻҰֺȦҵͷǿһ˿ᶨ΢Ц
֣裬ˡ
˵ŻҶһһ˲;תǰһԵڵء

ٴӺڰѹʱѾΰĹؿ֮ǰڹųɳĶ飬üڳ¥£žرǵĿ޺һƬһɡ
۲컷ʱһ硢Ѿһ·С˹˵С۸ôмƻû
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һɨǣ̳һЦк߹˵Ѿ˰ɣܺãߡ
˵תߣҸϽ׷ȥʣȥĶ
ȻҴɸ磬Ϊ︮ǿɰڴɸ˲ٺû


324 ɵй
ʵ۴ɸסڹŹضɽϣѾ֪ˡ
˵ϴȥʱﶼģŵڶȴѾȻͬˡ
Űǰʱ˵Ѿһˣ˵ĶѾɸ˵ˣһΣȫǡ
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쵽ɽʱͼϴһֱڴɸŲ̊׾ͷѾѾߵǰϽתͳɽͤ˹ȥ
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ʱ˵ɸ磬ʱѾ˵ˣμٽ·ڸֽ壬ɸٺö˵Ϊ˳лİЩһ룬ʣһ빩жʹãɱ
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ԭտɽ֮Уʱ˿Ѿ˽鱦ڤǮܳһ㶼ţѷһɽȡ
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˵ŻֳǮɽһָЦ˵㿴ֹǽֽң̹ܳͧ˷ɻǮ滹ѹأ︮ο湻˼ˡ
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ʱɸѾ˹ʣСֵܣȻͷôĵԼ֮ҴһȫȫΪųģ
л˴ɸ磬ۻ취̽̽ŹصȽϺá
һһ˵꣬ɸظ˵ֵܣ¶㽻ˣڹŹ˲٣йٸ嶼Ҵȥ˽ʲôҰ
⵹ǲˣҴԼȹȥ
Цܵɸ磬⵹Ųֻϻ֮ڿ϶ѾΪ˵ظжŹضЩĸ߶עɣ
һ˵ɸҲεعЦȻǱ˵ˡ
˵ڼʵۣ˵˲ǸŹڵСͷĿ˼ҵظôԿ
ЦЦ˵ϻʱ͵͵ȥģЩϵǣԼȥжҲ㡣
Ǻðɣֵܣš
ɸ˵һ֣ߵŮѾݹһɫĿƬɸ罫ڿһǣ˵λֵܣܵظĴǮׯڿĴǮׯͨõĸ߼VIPҪǮʱ޷ЯҶ׼ˣӦ
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ؿǰŽظͶ̥ĹųĶ飬ȴŹŹǰǵļ飬Ȼ˳Ŷȥ϶ûʲôˣǼĿĵڹŹǰ
أȻһӹŹڴιǼȥŶӣϹʲôأ
˳һɨͼһֳ޵Ĺҡڳ˹߽ʱҪŻǣɸ߸߾ӻûأȻ˳Źջ
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325 Ǯʹĥ
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ʵϰӴѽԱߺٺЦ
ͻȻһ̩еεذ˰˵һһ㣬Ҫϴξٱй
ɶٱǣ
һ㶣̩ŵ죬ɫˡ
׺ݵĿⶼͶԼ̩սս˵䣬ʵҲٱϴ¥ǴΣӻصظ֮󣬸ϼͨǵλãԡϼŻֱɹȥץǡ
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Сӿһİɻû˵أѾȥˣ߹ȥȸѾһͣͷһֱӴӳ˳
С۵ֱУʱˡ
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һЦ˵۴촰˵ɣҪأֻҪǽȥЩǮġ


326 
⻰һڣǹı͸֮ǰ̩һ˰šᡱһ°վǵʲôطΪǿ¸𣿡
ŭɶ붼ûͳһ֣ᣬ߹ȥϰѺڿûɸûأǹѾһϣ͵͵Ѻڿ棬ֺأ̩ѵķݶϣӱٻҪǵģϾҸ̩ǺֵܣôȻҲǺֵܡ
˵ϻϽͨ
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˵ϽҶϵ绰ûƬ̣ŹѾһĽģϱӵģ֮ѹŹǰЩˡ
˳֮ķ϶ŹĿտҰ֮ϣͼɸļٺѾŶսУֻ¶һͷûһǰġ
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˵ĹڹŹس¥ϵĹȻѾЩŲסˣһõҧھһŭһ۵ĹӾͳɸ˵ս˹ȥ
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ʱֻǰͷӵĹһŭ𣺡ʿǣĪ׷ռ캾ԾУ
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˵ŻأͼһĿƤڵѾĺ˳ǽǸǶģǽһ󣬹⿴һҾֱ졭
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328 
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ЦųǴ˵¥棬ЩѾûʲô־ˣǮȻЩɢ£ҪռŹҲ¶
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磬ɱ˵ǴӽûһĽҲ÷ʱ򡭡
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öֻҪС㣬䵽ֵزˣһ棬Ǵɣ
⻰һڣͨһǰҲѾ˵ϣ硢һϽҲ׷׹򵹣ߵݡ
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Ǵȴ޶ԣһ֮̾˿˵٣׳ϾԼѡ밢޵֮Уܾˡ
ܾȣΪʲôܾȣҾʵ
ʱԱǸѾ˵޵˵ͬ񣬽մ˵߻Ͷ̥ת̾вԸ뿪ûܺö˶˵Ľȥ֮ٳģΪȴҲĿռ䣬޵֮иħ̾ᣬһǧевͣڰ޵Ҳ㲻ϸߣƼʱûͶ̥ת˵ҲѾħĻǴûɢˡ
ҲţҽȥҪԼöȳ
㣿Ҫ޵
˵ǰһЦ˵СֵܣҸոѾ˵ˣǧĴ涼Աȥܻ


329 ȫ
ͲȲöҾһ
˵ŻվֵҲ̸վʾԸһ𵽰޵и
ôȥϽͷȰҪȥҲԼһȥ˶ӣôһȥҲ㣬ο︮µȥء
԰ûȥ
ɨ˰һۣɨſߵ˵Ƕûȥ︮Ҫǣ㣬ϴξǱǿģοɲһȥɣ»ǣʵڲ㻹ܸǵʳɶġ
ȥүģ㵱Ƕʲôˣ
ۻشϻظǶǵðѸǶŪظǶĸԸѾҪҸϻȥˣƾʲôÿζģظǶͲˣ
ҲԱЦǰһһأа߰벻֮
ֵܵĻҷжҲʾԸǵڻûмһһһ棬Ůôܻȥ
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ش˵Ļҽ

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ǿǵˣ㲻ǻŮأ
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ҳȴֳٺһЦ˵˵ˣҲȫûϣԲԣǣȵǾ۵ʱǻûԼȥȻúûšУҪز鷳ҸҰ仰˵ллǵ֮ٱ
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ʱһȺҲѾѰĸѹסѹ¹ŹʱһϽͷֳǴӺˣûһ֪ǡ
ޱȵĴվһЦ
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330 ߹
˹ŹأǻȪ·ƹ˻Ȫ·һѹӵ
һݱݶûаѹӵȥΪѾҪˡ
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˵ھⱲҲˣܵظƵط˭һӾһΣأѾǵڶˣǰܵظ۹˸顭
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˵˵˹ɽ֮󣬸Ҫɽͱ507˸ˣ507ڹɽϽһܻأһֱоɽ֮صܣһ㣬Ѿ֪ˡ
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˵סҲ˵ˣֻʣ¾ȡ
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磬ллĺѣֻ֪ţĶأҺٺһЦ
𼱣žˡ
׹˵ԵĽ׹ɨһۣѭĿȥŷ֣ǽ׹ȻѾʼĬĬˡ
ʱȻͼһֻһۼӶ潥ۼĽ£һƬںڷӲݣӲݾһһҡΣûǾͷ֣ǼȲǺɫĲݣҲǺɫߣǡһߵ˵Դ
ţһѾǰ޴þ͸һ潹Ƶĳǽһ
裬ѽ˭ѽ
ŵֱˣΨ˵ǲú£г߹ܵظ֮ŵߡ


331 ޵
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Ǿ˵ͷ­Ӷȫ𣬴ٶȳһͼĲһĻɫߡ
ʱ˵Ƿİɣ߹ˡ쾭ƣϷɣ£ɸΧ䳤ԹΪ¶Ϊ˵߹Ϲʱ丸ˡ
丸׷Ǹ丸ʱһ
һӵûеĻܱôײ׷գ׷ա
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丸ʵָһ壬һˣա¼еļأʮħ֮ǬԪڡǵ壬߹һеĳԱ֮һҲʱʣµΨһһˡ
Ǿһ̾˵Ϲ䣬δ񻮽磬ʲôֻǳΣʲôˡɶ˼乲ͬ棬ʱҼǵ߹ߣÿ϶Ҫǧٶһͨ棬ֻһֱԹΪʳΪֵһƺţлƸа񡭡
ôĶΪʲôڵظ֮УҸϽʵ
ЦЦ˵Ϊ̫ͣ˼Ϊʳղܵظ˲֮Եµڳ߹ң߹ʹղڵ£ǰб͸ǻΪزڵ£Ҳڵظ֮йְǰ˳߹
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ǵزأ׼ȷ˵Ǵ˵еزɷǰǡ
̧ž޴һָЦ˵㿴ȻӴˣʵɵģΪûģΨһʹػ֮ţػܵظ
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Ϊأ
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Լô
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ҵͷȻҲ֪ЩҲûʱ䣬ͰԼ࿴˼֮󣬵һűȳѪ֮С
һȥҲ˽ȥһǴ֮УǶеĳѬߵȻǳ߹Ѿ̱죬ǰ˲һźڰ
֮УȻΧһ޵ҽʼʱЩûǺûãЩѾԽԽ󣬳･
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ѪӵΧι״ħһ㣬ڵвɱҧɶԷϵ⡭
һ棬˲䵹һ̲ס⡭òǵɣѵǳ߹û͵޵ǰ͵ʮ˲ˣ
һһڸûȰ˻شأһЦѾ
ٺٺٺ٣ǰ޵ȵҪӿֲء
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Цʱ˺ȻŤһͷһھҧסԼһָݺݺһ˺ָѾҧʼζؾ׽Ѫ˳ȴȫȻˣһʱֻ÷θģĵҲ˵ˡ
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ٺٺٺ٣ǾͲҪͽˣⰢ޵꣬ԭΪԼǧ꣬밢޵ȻҲܳưһû뵽Ȼʯͷ͵ϮѹҵѸãʯͷΪһ壬ƿҲ
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ٺٺٺ٣ȻΪأħף֮ޱȡ֮޳ϵõֶ֣һܲңֲܲ
˵ּԼһ߽Լָǣһֳ΢΢һЦ˵ȻģǾһȰԼѪ⻹ʣϽԼȽܳԵĵطԵñħǿɾ͵òʧˡ


332 
ʱû˵Ļ˵꣬ȻһХӿд
ѭ̧ͷһȻһͷĹѾʯͷ£û˵껰һҧԴ
ͷĹܴꡱ˵ͷ­ʱ˵ﻹ΢΢Цž׽ԼָǸɵۣʱֻǹࡱһ˵ͷȥһ촽צֳ
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ﶼûȷӦأһȭǹͷϣһſ£һźݺסԴ˫߬ͷһΣ͡һŷɽѪͷѾζϣʱ۵ǹڵϴŹҽ
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㣿Ķ㣿
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վڸߴֳԶⰵյѪɫ֮УƺͻɵڷĿ֮أ۵Ѫ۵ʬ۵ħ̣ҳ׾ˡ
˰ɣǰ޵
һЦԱ˵Ǹף֣Ϊֻؽָ˰ɣ˾ˡһȺħַһ粻´ˣ
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Աʵ㿴ЩɱܲˣѵͲкõ𣿰ѺõЩһǲ̫ƽˣ
ƽʲôƽԣ
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ʱȴԱ߿һЦҡҡͷ˵վûʲô;ˣǵʱѾʣ޼ҲҪⰢ޵д޾ͷˡ
˵꣬ȴһЦʹˣСǰȷʵһӣͬˣǡ
أǻôʡ
ʮʱ֮ڻҷ𡭡ҶһЦ
⻰һҶĬˡ
Ĭ֮öվû˵Ѿؾһ
ԲСҡҺǡ
˵Ż鲻ԽؿʼʣҸϽվοöⲻ㣬ԼľҲãҲգǻҷ𣬶ν·Լѡģǡڡ
԰ڵӣ
һڣ綼ѾЦǰһĽųĬ˲䵴Ȼ޴桭
ûǾ仰Լѡ·ҲҪ꣬ȻѡˣȻǰҲھûʲô˭Բ˭˭Ƿ˭ⶼҪҪǡ
˵ŻֻͷɨˣЦˡ
ҪǣһȺֵܣǻһ𡭡
һ䣬ȻͼһֵĽöͷ±ŵĲλƮ
ǽ΢΢þһֻǵө棬ЩѪȵȴԵøĶˡ
⣬ʲô
һϽʵʱһöҶԼħȫס
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⣬⵽ǡ
ϣ
˵䣬ҶҲĿվһĽ⣬˲侪ס
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ȻԱһֻªħµĺƤëУһͬªȴСġǡ̲סһ̾תҶʵҶ壬ĿԺһ𣿡
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СĬһ£ᶨƵشһᣡһᣡ
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һ˲䣬һŸСĽѾǺӵͷſ
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Ⱥϣ֮⡭
ҶɨһۣЦҽ밢޵ôʱ䣬δ⣬ֱ漣㣬Ϊ㰡
˵ŻȻһЦ߹ݺҼ£ּ˵ǲϧǰΪһֻǰϣǿ仹һ棡С㣡㰡
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⣬ǡ
ǳڣȺԸΪһ뿪ĳڣ߰ɡ
Ҷ˵Żֽöק˹ֳЦЦ˵СֱǸ漣漣뿪֮һҪס£ҶһС
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ҶЦЦ˵һСʺáڶӦңԶģܹƽģ㵱ҵѳҡεɱңɼһ㡭㡭Ը
Ҷ˵ʱΧħѾؽڴĿͶǼˣһϲغϴΧȺд
Ŷ˺ǿԹģǿԹģ
һԾأҵۿѾʪˡ
߰ɣίе£һҪʧ
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˼ǵѾ޹أʹڡȻ޵Ҷ롭
˵ʱҶԶͼԶһȺȺħֳ˹
쿴ţţҪ뿪Ҫ뿪ⰵյ硭
ߣһǵסЩħ
Ҷᶨص˵ͷת֮ѳЩצȺħ˹ȥ
ԸҵģƴһսڻС뿪
Ҷﻰһڣ̵õΧȺӦ˵ҲвħſŵĳЩᣬջѡͷȥҶһս
ǰ˭ԸְաѪȡɱ¾Ĺطȴףطǵģ޹أǶ޵Ǹܾȣ
ƶȣǶȣֻҪһ˿ϣд棬չҪȡ
ֵǰɱ
ЩħԶȥıӰԾˮѾ䣬һȺȺħٴɱҿ֮ǰֻªޱȵսбԷһҧϺʬ嵹صһ̣ӶϺëнСͳߣСû뿪ֳΪһֻħĿ֮ʳ
ҿҧ飬ܾһڣ޲ϳȥⳡҵս
ʱսмҶѾһͶڴĿ⡭
ߣصԼսʵԼļֵ
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ҽҧأպһŭ𡪡
İɣֻҪǼ˻һ죬û·ȥûʵֵԸȥҪ´ص︮´ص˼䣡


338 漣
ҼǵãͻȻһѽұסǿп֮УöԼ˳գ۵ĹǰѪɫѾˣȴ𽥰
ѽǻˣĻˣ
ǰָӾȻصǻȪ·ͷĶ֮ǰǰסؾУΧŵһȺԼ֪ʱĴӣ¶Ѿ˵ˡ
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Ȼߵİһŵ˵ӹδ˵޽뿪ĳڣǡôõܣܡ
ǿԼ˹ȥȴ΢Цŵ˵ͷһڣѾӭ
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ȺϣҪ˺ƽϣֻҪϣд棬˼仹ǵκ漣ܷ
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һ˵꣬ǰָҺܵģ޵޷޵֮أֹطʲôϣԣ
΢΢һЦͷɨһĨöЦ˵ֻҪڵĵطϣĴڣǾõ֤𣿡
⻰ȻҪû˵أȻͱǴһӵԼȥֳЦ
˵ϣҲ˽⣬ͬš
˵껰Ӿתڹһ˵Щ޵Ƿܵظĳͷǽˣ˭ȥ˰޵ƽ˭νϣҲգҲ޵תһȦ飬Σ
⻰һڣŵȺ̶ͷӦˡ
һߣȻֺȻȥóһ·ҪԻǳŹء
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Ҫ˵˵һ룬ʣµһѱһ۸˻ȥ
Ǵûٶ˵߹ôұһģ˵ߡ֮󣬴ǾʹҡڳǰȥΧһȺԼŵøϽһԣ˭
һֱߺ֮ǰ˵װף밢޵Ϊ˳ͷǴֵ֮ƽǵ컯ӽ֮ܵظ˵˼ȥǵ鷳ǹ˽ҵ֪Ʊϳͣǿˣ
ĩ
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ӹȻŵԣδⱻΧĹΪѣ԰͵˹Źعذ֮ǰŹش̡֨һһοɲֻһС죬ȫ򿪡
ֱڼӺȻְҽסҳĬһ֮󣬲˵СӣһһҪ㡣
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ڰ޵Уһˣ
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ǰ˼䣬ϣ˰޵
ЦŴڣѾϣӰ޵˳һҪ´ص˼ȥ
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⻰һڣʱһĬһ֮󣬲ŵ˵ͷ̾˿˵үҡˡ
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ҸϽʵ˵ʲôѵʲôɸ˵ܣ
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Цǽ밢޵ʱѸظλĹϾȻûеǼһһ˹ŹأҲ˵ѾΪ»ҰڹŹǻ˼̫ҲҲԡڹŹǰҹŮ


339 ԤԿ
˵ʱѾݺᣬҲܿġ
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һʱ䲻ˣҸϽץס˵ʵǿ취ģҶéɽлۻȥ֮ҿ԰һ취ҵ
˵껰ȴֻһЦҡҡͷ˵ʦͲ鷳ˣҵΣֲٻˡһһΨһľ֧ûҲ֪ҸԸһټһԶԶߡ㿴طڰ
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ȻҲѾըɢһŰ׹ֱʣŹض̴һ󼤵ĵѭһȻǴɸһȺĦгϣǵķסѡ
Ȼɸ糯ſʧİ׹⺰ֵܣߺãԺ첻ȥ˾찡
ʱҵҲѾȻΪһŰ׹⣬һ˲;ǰһƬհףˡһ֮һŲѾӶģģش
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ǲҽȻͼСƵӰѾСڷɳСԼһϽһؿھ㣬ô
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һСعܵˣҲΪôðС壬Щġݡˡ
Ȼһ죬Ѿֿ˿ڣС㣬ȻöｫȻˣӦ֪Լڵݰɣ
ҵȻ֪
ǻСЦɫҲ
׹̵ʹ︮УȻ
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ëСһУС̲Եظ˹ȥСȫ̶ûб⿪
ëС˴֮ǴԼķ䣬Լ̫ʦһַԸ˵һ㡣
ʲô
ٷϻǿһ㣡
ëСŭغ֮УСֻһ𿿽һЩëС⣬ٽСֳŶԷһۿŶһʱëСͣ
ʱȴһѪɫѾܿƵشɢ˳һϽͼѹƻ֮У˹ˣȴûá
ֻңڶСҲɫĹâ巢ܿ͸ɢĺһڿн֯
ëëô£Ҿ
үſڴѶССԿףϹ٣Ҳ֮ǰνԤԣ˭زͷˡ
˵ŻүѾɫص˽ҸϽʵү˵Ԥԣʲôˣʲôϵأ
٣ضͿ̿
ү̾˿˵˽ΪԹֻһΣʱڣ֮ǰӦöᵽ
Ѳɣ͸νĹëýǡйأ
ȷʵйأһֹˣǡ̫ˡ
˵ŻүѾëСԣһۣͼëСͷ̾СҲʱһиˡ


340 ˮLH
ëСĻүҲ˵ͷǣ˵СҲǶЩˣ㣬˵ʷҵһսʲô
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Ŭ룬һʱѪս̨ׯҽսɳ̲һ̫ƽأ֮뵽սۼÿһͦҵģսĶвһ˵
ʱү΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ벻ǻɣʷһս

ͼү˵ͷЦ˵ûҲݹʷϹԤΨһһαʱǳսν٣սսȴǱ˼սô򵥣һħķ
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ûһսǵʱħһսѣս˫н죬˳ɶħ֮ˣиѵΪ
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үңеͿˡ
𼱣˵
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үԴԴڽ˹
Ļ֮ʵѾˣž˵Ϲԭħӵģ˶֪ħĴڣһħҲֺգദڣܶħʿԼʱɵ֮˻ڳ͢£ΪЧ
ȻϹԤԿˡ
ҲӦǾ䡰ʱëóǣҲ
ķѣԼܴǿ´ңⳡս֮У̡˫ȴħˡ
һս֮˫Ӫеޡ޵ߴս޷̨Ϊȥʿһһ񣬴Ӵ˸롭
ս֮飬Ϊ񣬿ʲô
ү˵һңɼ񻰴˵йء
˵УϹŰ׵ִ磬˳򣬵껵ı飬ңһսеԼħԱ繩ְ칬ȱԻʵȴֻǱһ
һսûսߺħɰ࣬ͬӴɽ磬޷˼ε
ȻˣүҲңֻǸ񻰣ûκεĿɿݣ︮ĵԼħĸִ˵жϣһսȷʵħ޵ߴģʧĿˡ
Ҳڴ֮¼ħ޴սʧ޵֮ʿҲǽȴħʿĴڣմӿʼˡ棬𽥱ʣޣȴΪˮ˺
Դ֮ԽԽ̫ƽħ޵ߵټԽԽ٣֡
˵ʱү̾˿˵Ӧ˰ɣνĵ٣ֹ²Ϳ̿Ҫǽħٴηһƽ٣ĩ֮һ겻񣬾ǧָֻԪħٶȸϾɱ˼˵ⳡսħΪɻὫ޹С
Ҳ˵ǻһսˡ
СͻȻʣү˵ͷ
С㣬Щлѡˣ֮һ֮սԤѾû赲ĵ
ҲˣӦ˵ˣӦ˵һ
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˵ŻëСүĿⶼҵϡ
Сǧ굤ԭʲôѾ֪ˡ
ң֪
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Ϲ꣬ǵ걳ˮгֵꡭ
û˵ʵйأʲôڲڣǧţû֪ҲΨдϣҵ⵶ٵͻƿڡ
˵ҼǴϹԤԵԿףͬʱҲǽӴϹԤԵԿס
ô⣬֮¹ëýǶѽ֮ǰΨһķǱһԵ̬ҵ飬٣˵£麣ƺǺܴæ
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껰үëСȴûشʵԼҲףڱ˭شˣ˿麣졣
˵Ĺ򣬺ȻһŲ洫žͼѾҴҵ˽ﻹһݺļ
һţ̹سëСү˵ͷǵЦλǸˣҸյ֪һֵ££òȴǵĶԻˡ
ʲô°㼱ëСüͷʵò麣˰ɣ
ܵûУ¡йء
˵Žļϣֽ˵507LH飬ǵ鵽ˡ


341 
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⻰ĪЩʧ䣬Ҳߵĵģûж˵ʲô
СһȥëС̷ʵߣǴĶõϢԴɿ𣿡
İɣԴԿɿ
ߵͷֶ˵С507Ļ麣ʱ۲ˣ㻹ǵðɣ
ҵȻǵãڽﻹҹǸûҵֱۡ
ֱ۱תˣѾΪ507LHʵеĺƷ
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ǵģνLHʵĿǰ507רĿչһ߼ʵ飬μһʵԱ࣬507ĺС¾֮һ
һСҲؾͻ뵽֮ǰǴ507ܻʱĻ棬ʱвŵСƺȷΧһ䣬˵ԼʲôLHʵĲμߣЩŵùǺδСһ˿һˣˡ
ʵ鵽ʲôΪʲô507˶ôӣ
뵽ҸϽߣߴʵƺ¼麣507о֮ſչģȴڴ֮ǰ507һֱܽеһʵйء
ʲôʵ飿ʵ
졣
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¶ˣ507֮Ը麣۴ߣϼĽһйء
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ΪʲôҪô
⻹֪ҹƣ507ĿǺ;ʮоͬѧѧһ֧Խ༫޵սӶڹ衭
⻰ͷ͵һ˵ЩǷⶫô׾о͸ģҷ֮߼ֱ޷ɹˣڹ軹ãǿ΢صĻǻ֮ǰĽһһһ֧ܿƵĽʬ
ʱֿϵëСүɫҲѾԽ
еϣү̾˿šü˵Уֹǣϧһдۣ̫Σˣҿ507˵ҪʵӦڹʵϸǳģҪͨо麣ҵЩ޵֮Լħ㣬ͨ麣Ļһ֧רǡ
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⻰ʵģԴҵĴԣ󣬻СѾƮ˳
赣ģﻹһƺ鱨
ЦЦֶԴ˵ǿ϶뵽507ʵŶӵĺʵԱʲôˡ
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Ǵ뵽ʵĿչߡʵŶӵĺĳԱǸ
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߻һڣ˶ס
ȴ¼Ц˵ʵҸոյõһ鱨ʱԼҲһǧȷģ507LH߼ʵ飬ԴһĻѧ衭
˵ŻߴëСûȡһƽָ֮һ˵ʮ꣬ɷǸţСѧԣѧŰǰΪμһʡѧʵ龺׫дһпյĻѧʵ飬ʱûл񽱣ûнƪʵ鱨ȴ䱻507ã507˵507ĿǰСĳԱLHʵҲ𲢾ֵġ
˵꣬ҸϽʵߣ˼ǲ˵ҵѧͿԴ507ڽ֮еʵ飬507ʵŲ
Ҳ׼ô
һЦȻָ̧˵ңֻܽɡ
ΪʲôҾʵ
죬ָļϵ£ش˵Ϊǵ鵽һǵѣ￭


342 ּ
￭˭ѽ
˵һʱ仹ûӦɽָŵļһŻȻ
ļд
￭䣺33ְ꣬ҵ˽Ӫ׳ϰ壬ѧרַ

һӾǸǵǻҸոʱ򣬸ս¥Ů£Ҫö￭ǵʱöߣö˻ȥӶҲëСһͽ
ʱëСҲͷ˵ȻйôСһ˹ȥõľСԸ𣿡
ңҵȻԸ⡭
ҵ˵ͷʵǣ֮Ҫôͨ￭ҵȻأܲɱɱɡ
ֲ׹̣︮Ǵɱ˵ġ
ЦЦ˵鱨ʵʵеĺûкܸߵüֵ507ͽߵһȥˣôôôԣ϶ʲôֻԼ֪ĹʵҪܣֻҪҵʱ507ļ´ߣ507ʵһ޷ټȥˡ
ôһ˵Ҿˣȥ
Ǻǣô˵ɣ֮ε񡭡
߶һ£˵ˣһ㣬︮ͨȥִʱԲܴ︮֯ΣգǵԼΪΣҪκ˵Ļɡ
⵹ûʲô⡣
һ£ش˵Ѿзزңҽµķתø˰һд˵Ҫصڳִôȥ̳ŲĿǰõΡ
ܺãǾô
ߺЦ˵ͷ˵˵Ǹմܵظһ507ʵϵشԾԲ̫ܵʱ䣬һǻȥúϢһᰲųǼ̶
ס
ҵͷëСүֻ˴
صʱͼΧǰ硢Ͱʳʶ̵ģƺܵظĹ첼Լǵʱź;ظȤ
˶úûȥϢҽĸ˴һСֽҸոսµԭԭϸ˵һ¡
˵֮󣬴ҵȻʾԸܣϾǼ֮︮Ҫִеĵһ
ţ߽˶˽һḷ̌ż֤Լ塣
Щϵãһֻֻһȵèͷӥèͷӥɣ︮Ĵ
ʱʹСƣʲôʲôΪʲôΪ︮ĴԶ
СƵʱңɣֽҹɣǴ˵еһ
Ӻèͷӥֻһȣȵŵһֻ֡
С˵˵ѻȸ𱡱ףеġɡָľҹɡ
޵ʬΪʳҹ쳣׺ݣ׺ݵ޼мסȺΪԼҧԼצӣеġҹɡԶȵ֡
ڿһ̵ܷʵ񣬴˵оȻϹϷӣҲ˵׹̵Ļ޾Ȼ︮
ⶼǹؼģؼҹⶫ˵һֱΪҹػߣһУѸͣΪȫֱסϧԶȣ︮ħη˲𽥳Ϊ︮Ĵ֮
ֱ߽֤𷢸˰ֱֶ֤˵ιȷҲҪ︮𣿡
һ⻰ֱסһ棬⻰ʲô˼ŲǶǲǣǶΪǳģһ֤ң
ѽ㼤ʲôֻʶѣϾ︮ӽû޼
ܺãˣ
ʮһ˵ٺ٣ԺǶɾ︮ˣҿԺ˭׷ִɱģǶһ֤ǣ
û˵Цһ֤֮Ҳ㣬ƨƨֱģʱ˵һұǣǲҪΪԷֻǸ̫У鱨ѧ̸ߴ152Ǹ۲۵ţֶʵҪ507һ߱ţ²׿
û£ң
һظЦ¶Ҷˣѧǲǵֱ֮ӿ𱭳ѧУſһ£ֻҪһװϴߣ¶
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ߵһۣ˵ҲѾ˵ˣԲκɧңҲܲǿӲķʽȻ︮¶˵ˣҪ507һõԱػ׾پͰװϣĶôףȲ˵װܴ֮ܲӳӳˣ507ŹǲҪ̫͹Щ˲ٵŸ֡аʿʦΪЧöԸ
һֻܱ죬Ҷ໰ˡ
ҳĬһ£˵ߣִԣи
ʲôüͷʡ
ҪСһȥն˵
⻰һڣ̵۰˵ԲܣС︮طҲܰ㣬̫ȫˡ
ңΪҸȷﰲȫȫ
ЦЦ˵ңִĵصҼڵĸУС˼ңҲǻԻС֪ػкܴİ
һ˵꣬˵ͷʾͬ
Ҳ˳˼


343 ٳ
С֪С㣬ǡ
߽üͷ˵̫ðˣ׹ǰδеĳĬһʲôıˣʱǼСߣܻܿ⵽׹̵ͻȻϮ
ߣôǼ˵
⻰һһĦȭԾԾԵģѷ˹ȥ
߸Ͻ˰֣˵Сɱô룬ѵѾ̥ǣʵҵǲģǱϾûʲô飬׹̽ڸϼ޻¡
˵ŻأȻ֨һѾ˴˿žͼëСѾ˽˵İɣڣС㲻µġ
ëҲҪһȥ
һëС̵˵ͷ˵û˼ȥЩģЩҪǸТͽֽҾˣСһжͷĵİС㽻ǰɣұ֤ôߵģô
үôһ˵̶мĿ˹ȥ룬Ҳֻܵͷʾͬ⣬Ǽ֮ͽǾȥϢȻԼֱߵļ߳˻ҡ
һߣҸϽëСЦëؿɶˣ㶼Ըһ񣬺ٺ٣εһһʧˣ
ЦأëСȴһ˵ҲŲ£εҲǶǵһĥǱԼɡ
ëȥΪʲôΪ˼ͽܣ
껰ëСЦ
㡣
㣿
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ֵǾ͸Ի˷䣬һ˷Ѷ˲ˣͷ˯
һʱ۾ͼͻҵĴߣ۸һĸϻƵģҲ˵
һˣúһһָǽϵӱ˵ι㿴ⶼˣô㶼вѣҪ鶼ˣ
һ˲侪һ£ȻѾǰˣ˵ؿˣȻǵظöǰͳɼһиȻ˯һ졭
ҲӦ˹˵ͱĥˣϿϴһ£ǻҪȥء
ҲûأҾʵ
ˢˢ˵ͷֱԹǼ׸ʲôˣ۳߽𴲣һֱеڣ˼һ˴
˵ŻĹĵתߣҲϽ·ץʱϴãܽ˴
ȥһҶڷæµţϾµ︮Ÿո𲽣Ҫ̫࣬еڴмǰߡëүȿء
ҸϽ˹ȥǸûãҲѾ۾ŹǷſ˽ϸӡżӡӣŮвǣֱӸˡ
Ѿˣص˵ͷ˵ҵԭжʱ䣬Ҳû̫Ҳǰȷʵ̫ˣ΢Ъһ£ֳ˵㶫֮˽С˳
ɨСһֶۣ˵Сҿɾ㣬С¹شԲΪ˽˵ĸͶһ棬һҪúöˣҸû꣡
ҺٺһЦͷӦ
ҶѾ׼ˣߴ¥һһ⣬Ŀǰµ︮ܲóһƾɵѾڳſƴˡ
ʵһֱиʣ︮ǮΪܿǣôҲøɸֱԽҰɣֱӸŪһʵе˵ȥˣΪϳǰһ߶˼䣬ȴûҡ
ָ˾ô˳һϳҶ⳵ӡ󳹵׸Ĺˡ
ϿȷʵֻһõɫԼȻκκײƵļܰʿĸӦ֮ʲô䣬ɰŴ׷ۡƿļѪڹѪһӦȫǿһѪڣ˵̫ܵˡ
ûãһ󼤶ϲõ֮У翪ɽֱʱǲŷһ⣬װȻһӦȫƺ˸׼·ĸˮҸϽ˵磬۳Ǯ𣿡
ǮĶǮʣµǮôɸûˡ
⻰һڣԼҲͻȻסٿΧëڵˣһɫҲ
Ĭ֮ëŷ˵ôˡ˭ûǮɣ
һʱ䣬ҾȻ֪ôشˡ
ʱëĵ绰Ȼӵһţһ߷ģ
µظʱѾ̫︮ǮԱṩκξ֧ԮеһлԼ
ôһλ֮⣬滹иССһʱֻձڶ˵СӾǹģ
һӦڳˣ޲ðʮ˴ˣ˵ʲôҲ޲ҪĿĵسҲ·̰ɣһ·ܲܿȺڹѪš
ùʱȻ洫һ󼤵ؾҸϽЦͷһѾһһҳǰ˹


344 Ұ
ͻȻǸ
ûǷӦأѾҰǸͣ
һͣ죬һ¶Ѿǹ˳Χǵĳǹ³͸ʲôĻƵġ
㿴ҡҿ㣬һʱ䶼û⣬ʱͼë˵𼱣ȥ
ҵ˵ͷȥҲڼʻǰİѳһ죬ʱͻӦ׼
λʲô¶⳵ɲ͵ġ
ЦЦ³̳Ұ˳ϣɷ˵ǹͳһɨͷľͻȻֺҪȥĶ
ʱһԱ߲ԶľҲѾѶԽ˳ƺϵͬ¡
ûһشأڳëСͻȻԤ׵һۣһ˲䣬ͼĵѾΧĳ˹ȥ̼ꡱһص˲ɫһƴΧڳΧľ춼ûȷӦأѾص˵ϣһŰĭ鴤
ȫ̱ڳϣΰҵʱҶó鴤һ£ͷһЩ춼ѾڵأҸˣϽڳëСʵϮ˰ɣ
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ٵģЩʲôˣ
ϸǵ֣һҲ֪޵֮ˡ
ëСһڣҸϽһϸоϸԱ֮ȷʵһֵĵطҲǹˣЩָ׷඼һںɫգָ׳ֳһֲ̫Եĺںɫ
ʱë˵ɰֺĽ޵֮˳ҪӴɰڹѪ֮ĶʱˣָͳɱȾýڣһЩ̫ģָ׷ͻɰĲ
ѵ׹̵ˣ
д󾪣ϸЩһѣǮԿ׵Ӧ֮⣬ÿ˵ѳһ׹̵ĴȻ٣׹̵ˡ
ëСһ˵¼Ȼȥˣ׹̵˻һֱ͸Χƺڴ̽︮Ա䣬һɽѾ׹̵˶ˣŪǵȥ뽫ɽĻҳ
ë˵һ˵ҿڳȻĻȻڱô˸̵Ҳ׾ͶЩž˲ɣû׼ѴеĿĵֱӾѿڶˡ
ëûǵʱ䣬Էֲð侯ƭΪɱ˾ҰЩپ춼֮󣬰ǵǮ׹ƶ˳µؿˡ
ϳ֮ʣô죿һɽͱ׹̵˸ˣº
𼱣ȻĻָǹ
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˵ŻëһǮЦЦ˵۲лˣߣҸطȳԷȥ
һԷҶˣѾ߰˵ˣͶüҶˣȥҷ·ϣҸǲòë˫ӥ۵֮ɫѾܺˣڳﾹȻһ۾ܷЩپָ׸ŵһɰɲ˭óġ
翪ųǰʮӣδôٱ׹̵˶ϣ⿪˹·һС·ǰûãƺѾһСسǣһ۾ɨسǵ·ԱиƽС꣬ſڰŵĵдŰ˸֡
Էסޡ󳵼ˮ
˵СһҲ֪ûʲôóԵĶɴұϾòˣҲṵ̂ѳͣſڣʹ³ߣΨ˳ϣŵˡ
Сϱ˸֮⣬δ߸һֱδŵˣ³ʱҹ·ס
ҹ۲һΧĵͣżѳƺǸػ򳧿ɳ۵ģСһԺأǴͣҲ֪Щ󳵵˾
ڹ̨ǰǸʮŮˣβ裬һ߽ȵӭ˳ŴŲ˵ҪԵʲô
ҶòˣĶ˵Ͽף˵ҲԼǮһĹͺҵһӲˣϰϽȥ׼
ûõĹ򣬲Ѿһ̽һ̵ضһԺԱϽԱ˼·䷢֣СߵëСȴһֱûӣǰſڲͣɨΧ
ôˣ
һԣҸϽëʵëȴҡҡͷҲû˵ֻǳһ˵Сӣ㵽ϰ

һ㶣ʵⲻʰɣôˣֳһŵô죿
ܲôˣװøһҪæһ㶫
һ⻰ЦˣƾëСһۿپָ׸⹦򣬻ʲôҪæģ
ĶҲĻֳ˼ڲ˾͸Ͻ˳ȥس
һ˲ˣأ
³ʱǧҪڳϵģôĹȻѾӰ
㶵Ĺ򣬺Ȼһ΢С
ҸϽͷһȻڷǽǵӰ³أɫѿ
ΧûҸϽܹȥʵأ
Сۺ񡭡Ҫùˡ


345 
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ش˵СǰһڳҲѽҾ͵͵Ӻﵽ˺ȥҵԵĵӣûȽȥأͿϲĿ˴Ӻſ·һǡ϶¶
ࣿһ⻰Ҳɵһ
ȷʵΪͨޣǰ֮
ҵҲû̫ţĻţЦЦ˵ʲôҲ̫˰ɣ춨п˴ӵ극뿪֮ͳʲô¶ۿɲöܰ
ѽ㻹ûǶĻأ
һּۣ˵˵ֻ꣬ǿˣҲʲô⼸ǧҿ໹𣿿ҴӺʱݴһۣÿһˣ϶࡭
ʲô¶һҲеˡ
ҸϽ˵أһǲҲ
һҿɿ
ش˵ǶʿǵĵѾԽԽˣ˵˫۾ѾеʧЧˣɶЩҿɲῴЩˣò˶þͶ
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һĬոյĻ֮ǰëֱһϣҲһѵСʲôԾĵط
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һ֮Ȼ˳ţԼָϽ˵ȥ
˵һС㻹ȫ޹˼ɵغԺأΨë΢ЦԭһֱڰĿӡ
һëϽʵô˵ʲôûУ
ҳͷΧûעǣѹС˵ո˵п˵ϣ¶࡭
һһڣ˶ʱסĿˢˢسһ˹
ëֻǵͷһЦת飬Ҳ²Ĳ٣йŹ֡
Ź֣ܰɣ
ü廰˵ѲֺˣΪʲôһ㶼û
Ӧò֣ͻֹ㣬Ҳûвһ˿һĴڡ
˵ʱëֿʼɨΧ˵Դһ;Щ
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ʱëСϽʾǼԷôݾߣֳϰһ֣Ͱ˹
ĥëСڴʲôʱϰѾЦǺǵ˹ëʵﰡһĳѾˣ֪ǵﻹûз䣬Ū䣬ǲˡ
ëһڣϰЦǺǴѽѾסˡ
˵ŻϰﳯΧ˼ۣǸ˵ס޵һ㶼ܳ;˾˱Ƚ϶෿䶼ѾԤˣҪȻɣҰԼķʰʰס
ϰ˵ʱͷӦں˵ĳſ͵͵ϰ˵ߣһ̾˹ЦǺǸǵ˵ͷһקϰĸ첲˵㣬𰡣˵㶼һˣԼסԼסĶҪסҵģҷڳλס
вУС˳㳴˸࣬ǿɲС
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ǳӺһЦЦë˵壬ڳһ䷿ˣǼλǲɡ
⵹û£˯ͺãʹ˳˯ţķ䣬ס
ë˵Ž조ɻ񡱵ǮͳһǮϰһϽЦƴһ˵壬˰ɣǱһҲУοԭҲʮǮڻǵķίǮͲҪˡ
вУôأǮҪģϵĲǮһ㡭
˵ŻëѾ˼ŰԪϰ̧һɨͼǼǮмһŵõĻֽȻë̽Է
ӹǮϰﵹЩ˼ˣһǮһЦ˵㿴ǵôˣϻίסǵӣˣֻǮʮĿǮǮͲҪˣԺ·˳ǸϾТˡ
ϰ⻰ô˳ֲˣǮҲû׬һĺɫ
һ˵Ŀʱ˿̶ϣͼϰѾǮ㿪Ȼһ㶣ǮŻֽ˳ݸëʣ壬İɣôǮˣ
ëװһ㶣Ͻǻֽ˻Ц˵ǣ㿴ԣ֮ǰǶֽһСһˡ
ûû£úţҪҪĶԺǧˡãλȳţȥǮȥ
˵ŻϰЦǺǵؾСȥ˹̨ǳҲ˵ͷתֻغɻȥˣ֮ǰȴһ˿֣ëСɨһ£ëŵĻֽɨһۣ뿪
ѵ˵õķֽϵã
һߣëСüͷС˵ȷǣӦûʲôħǸȻйŹ֣ıӦòɸոտǮŷʱһ£ϵⶫ
ʱϰѾһǮ˹ӹǮʱȩ̈ͷɨһۣЦʵϰ壬ʲôͦƯ


346 
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ëһʣϰ̾ͺˣϵĺߵЦһ˵ǣС˳͵СģֵǮ
һ˵ëҲЦС˳͸ոǸӰɡ
ϰｿЦŵͷԱп˽ϰͷЦоˣҸ
ëĬһ£ֶ˵˵񣬵︮ԳаΪΣҪʲô£Ǳһ˵
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һ⻰ҶʱүǷ˼øġ
㲻ùܣҿҪȥһˣڷúöŶڳϴСġ
ëô˵ˣǵȻҲҲӣǳ˷֮Ͱ˼ֳ飬үȴСȥϰʰõǼͷշԸص˳Ϻڳﰾһޡ
νıݣʵֻǷݺļƽרŸסõģ䲻࣬ʩҲܲʮǮһдЩܳ;󳵵˵иƽȵĵطϢֲѾĺˣϾһһ춼ϲۣ˾ڳﻻſڳϻ˯左˭˵ʲôʩʩġ
ϰǴ˷һǾһӣû䣬ûϴĵطõĴͷֻһڶѾûõʽ21ʵ磬ǽȥƺЩϰϽЦ˵պסֵطãίˡ
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˵ŻֳëЦ尡Ҳͨζϰȷʵ
ס
ë˵ͷ˵û£ȥＷͺˣ˵ϻҪȥҲ˯̫á
ëһڣͼǳһعâҸǾԾˡ
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ҵͷЦһʣٺ٣ǰǵնֵذɣ
һ˵ëЦ
Сӣѧˣһǳӿܸ׹йϵϵ֮ǰǮʲô۲汻ҲµˣҪСǵͬȫ
˵Żëʼߣߵſֶһ뿪һӣ֮Сģһ֮ǰһҪ
˵Ҫ߳ȥҸϽʵɽҪȥĶ
ǳӼȻϵ÷ֽĻһỳңȻɣҾ͹˵ݵϰƺչмӣһϰҲйŹ֣۷ͷжǶҲò̫Ļ¡
ëûٶ˵˵Թ߳˷ȥֻС˷
ҳСһۣһ۷ֻһŵĵ˴СٺһЦ˵С㣬Ҫ˯ɡ
˵žǰߣСȴѾһֻ̧һ˵ȶ̵ģŲҾ㲻õֱҲ㣿
Ҫ˯Ķܲ˯ϰɣ
һһڣСѾһرᵽҵĻſһŬ˵ֻһ˯ſڡ
ʲôһÿأ
Ҫܣ㿴ס𣿡
Сһû˵ڴϾͲˣһҲǣ˵ҪǲǵŰɣҲû˵ʲôͱűȡ
Ҹհѱ̺ãͼ˺Ÿ˹̧ͷһȻǳӣŸڱϴһëƺǸϴ
һң֣Ц˵ֵôˣֱŤ
ҵ˵ͷӾˣûʲô
ۿҹɫܿסڵĿǾͶ˷Ժ˯Ҳȥ˷ݵĴƴӣûһĹѾ˳Ⱦͷŷ촫
ʼʱһ˯⣬ϾĶ͵ںںͳֻɿʮʱ򣬺Ȼ͸оͷԳΣԺģѾ˯˹ȥ
һ˯ĪذȣҲ֪˯˶֮󣬾һҵسҶߴ̤
Сֵܣ
˯еĴߴŮ˵ĳҲҶ߲ͣػصţʵڷˣҴŹǷۣŷ֣һĳȻǴҵԺдġ
һѹСƵѾִ˹㻹˯أˣ˰
ʲôˣԺʡ
ң̧ͷϿ
̧ͷʲô
ڶģҴŹǷͳ˿ڴֻĻϿһɨ˲䡰⡱һס
ϿգͼһɫڿƯţߣȴûƬʲôβͣһĴ˲侪˯ȫޣѭǴǰһƯڿе˵䡭


347 ٿĪ
һ˲䵹һʱѾ˻СƵ
ɵŸʲôȥˣ
ˣô°ɣ˲侪
ץⶫ׸ƨ
ڻСƵĴߴҸϽվ̧ͷϸһƮŵǶ΢΢䶯ϸֻһǻǸϾ͸˵Ƥһģһ
СƣǸʲô⣿Ӱɣ
֪˼ô
С˵ʱҵҲѾƽϽѱϵ˿ҰСֻܵ
ŽȥһСһڴϣҸϽ߹ȥСȴһӦûУΨһĴ˯㡣
ʱС˵ոǶƺʲô˶˯óģ㶼һҺ˰ǰˡ
С˵ٶ˳˼ﾹȻħΪʲôһûиоأ
Сû£Ҳģ׳ŵӾߣ߳ȥһǳġڿƯţܳܳ˳һξͿʼǰߣܿҵɳķ䡣
ſһ죬ȻǴģҸϽ˳ŷһһƬڣʲôֻһգ˲侪ס
ֻĻ΢⣬ͼһŮ˵һڴϣűӾ͸˯һǳǴӵλģ׳ŵ˽ȥϸһԽԽǾˡ
Ů˵͸ͨ죬Ψϳϳģ⣬Ѿڷĵϲ˼ţֱһɫĴ̾ڵϡ
⵽Ǹʲô
һ𣬶ʱĿǡ˷䴲ͷһϣһۿȥٶһƬϵһŮˣǷݵϰҸϽϸڴ˵ĲϿһۣȻϴŵϵá
ʶҸϽߣ֪һţһŮ˵Цֱҿ
⡱һʱһŰڵϵġӡϾ˵ϣۿƯͷקһӵŮѾͷ˹ҸϽȥͲİҪӦУɻûҰͳأͼŮմѪ촽һ̣Ѿ˲³һںɫӭһʱֻͷ˲ѣûվѾֻءͨһ˵ϡ
ڼ֮ʣͼŮ˵ͷѾҷ˹׼ҵĲӣſѪڣȻȴѾȫˡ

ѹʱҵĲǻСƻһŮ˾ֵؼ
͵شӵѭһ˲ɵۣͼڴϵϰڴϾһţһ˿ҡ
㣬ôˣ
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һ˲;סҸϽվҪͣȻϰĿѾһ
֪ôġ
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ðå
û˵ǳһȭ˹һȺסĿҲȥˣ˹һͨȭߣҲųǶɳȥһ룬֮ǰǧԼı죬Ըͨˣ޵֮֮ܡ
һΣҲֻǿǳŹһ֮󣬰ܹһ˯ʣȻǸո˯ѣһЩڴңŵ˸Ͻܣʷʲô¡
ϰֻڴϿޣҲ˵ô£ǿô£ҽǣڳ˷ǾȻֶͱ
һΧӦ׷׺űǶĭģڵϳɵۡ
⵽ô£
ɼ²ԣסˣǳӻûѵ绰һȭͷͰ̵ڵأΧķһȭһӦԣûŰ죬ȴСߣٲ߾鷳ˣ
ҲģĶҵʱ䣬ϽקҾ壬嵽ԼķְСק˳ȥʱҳһȻЩͲ࣬ȻҲѾۣҲʹõֻܿԼһʱӦս˫ȭѵ֣ûһҲˡ
絲סʱҺСק˳ϣų˳ϽϳųܣҲ˲Ϻ׷ˣһžͳԶȥ
ר־ǰͿʮӣͼǰ·иС֣붼ûͿ˽ȥһɲ֮ͣһѾͰק˳ȥûҿأһͳҵϣСʶüˣû뵽ȱ¶ܰ
磬˵ʲôأ
ҸҪͣıƢĶյסʱˣڰʱסȰ˵ȱżС۶֪è壡
è壿ʲôè壿ϰøﰡû¶˭һ˿ǶޣС㶼˼ҶˣƱʲô
ˣǸϰ֣
һ⻰ҲסĬһ£ͷ˵֣ⲻܰɣǸոսȥʱڴϣζҴϣֲޣǲҼģܶס⣬ôıΣ˵ˣأôͣ
һ˵ҳˣȻҲ˻ɡ


348 ʧصĳ
һʱҲеңĬһ˻СƺϽһԼԴСƣô£ǿ֤
ȻһСȴûκεĻӦ˵ⲻ԰˵⣬СƲ˵ǿԵİ
ҸϽԼԴ˼£ɶ۵ԼʼˣСȴûκεĶ
ҸϽֳŰʵѵûвκεĲԣ
ԣʲôԣһȻҾ˯ˡ
˵ʱ˵ͷҸϽֳС˹ȥСڴǷȻǰӷקʱŸոѹġ
ѲɣĶֻĻþǲ԰ǻþΪʲôһڷϰķ
һ˼ʱҵȻҲƽ˲٣Žеԭԭ˵һ飬˵֮罫Žɵʵ˼˵ϰĲһúܳһ˵ķҳʱһѪ
ǧȷΣҵͷӦ
ȴЦˣ˵ֵܣɰ˵ϰЩ͵Ѫ԰ɣҲˣΨһı仯˼ϰ˯ˣЩͻæһأĶǱѪӣ
һ˵Ҳ˲ƿˣ̾Ҳڳֹ˵ǰСëⰲСһӣõĻᰡС㻹û˷ôĿŹѽ
ճڣСһžͰӳȥ˵˵ʲôأΪͲҴ㣡
죬Ķ֨ʱȻС˵Ҿȶ̵ĲƭˣȻҲ˯ˣ֪׷ʲôһҺ֡ƽʱ˯ܾ΢һѹˣҾȻ˯úܳ㡭
С㻰һڣͰɫҲ΢һ䣬һĬ֮˵ʵ㣬Ҳһѵ˵Ǳʲôֽţ
ҶʼһϽʵˣëأΪʲôû
ëͳȥˣһֱڶû
һ˵⻰ٶһȷʵë˵Ҫȥһӣ˵ҪǳӵעɳʱڵﰡëȥĶ
أѾ˳һ˵֮ȶϳɣëȥʱҲǡ
ǻҪص
Ȼˣ㲻Ūô𣿡
绰һڣҺͰ˳ȷʵ±ŪײС
ٿǴصʱûֱڵſǰͣǽͣ˷ݶһտСͬʼǷݵķ
ûãͼһѾͣ˷ǰ棬ŻĨϰѾڳӵĲ߳ӭӣȻǱ˾ЩסĿҲڣ¸ϰ֤
˵ؿɻˣô֤ʺǿ۶ˣ˵ϱʱϵ·õģɱϾ˼ϰֻһ˿ңôҲøҸɣ
뵽ҸϽʰ˵Ů˻᲻׹̵ʿף
Ӧòǣϸ۲ǳûκεʿеĺۼë˵ָ׷ɰ֮ģʿҪԽָзֳľҡȣʱ䳤˻ڻΪ״ľƷĦһֵļʳָָָ϶Ҳᱻֽĥ÷˵ȫûּ󡭡
˵Ĭһ£˵һ㣬ҿû˵ʲô˵ĲøһڿƮ
һ˵꣬СҲԱ߽ӻ˵ֹǵ׹ƺҲû˵Ĵڣȶ̵˵ģôǸŮȻӦɣֲû˹ˡ
֮ȵһү˵ɡ
һ˵һר־ſǰɨͼϰԽ۵ûԳ˿زˣ˵ǶޣЩ´˶̫Ӧôܴôأ
ֵһ˿ڹҲ뿪ˣϰǳӺһȺ˵İοת˲٣ͼЩҲ׷״ӵ˳Կ뿪
ҸϽ˵磬ϵȥҲǰ취Щ˵Ŀ̽̽ڷ磬˵ʲôµķ֡
һҲ˵ͷðСڵſڵëҺ˳Щѳߵķ׷˹ȥ
ƺΪµг̣ټϴ·ϵĳ࣬һſļѳöܿ죬Ϳųһ·βţȴسǵû˵ĵطסʻһҲ㲻١
һǾ͸ǳӿ˶ʮۿЩѳѾ˳Ź·һȽϿտһų˹ȥҪЩѳͣɻûȱͣأʱšءһӳ洫ǻͷһͼһѳѾ֪Ϊײ·ߵһʯͷϣھ޴Ĺԣǳ˲䱻ʯͷ̵Ʒ໬žײԱѳ
һײ·˲䶼סҲѾ̫ɲסǰļײһ𡭡
ʱһֻʣǰͷѳѣɻûǴлعĳһͼ˾ѺԤ׵ſ˷ϣ͵سǵĳײ˹
簵һҲŵøϽŤת̳·Եƺ뽫ܿ˾Ѿˣȴ˲ת˷һγײ˹


349 ε׷
ۼ硢ڳﶼˣ˵ʲô˾ſˣԼȻ
ҲôˣһֱӿԽҰȥѳȴں׷ᣬ֮طɳʯײľɣȻҲѾ
ۿԽԽ£ڹԵָ٣缱ͷ󺹣ﶼٶײϣ˲ͱɱˡ
ǸʦۿԽԽͿ㲻ȥˣȻһɲٽִӺӾһǰһѳǰոѾײǳĳβϣ׼ʱһţ͵һ̣ˡǰһ˲˸ͷҲһ¿ʼбǰмСţžײС֮ûһѾӭͷײϽһţѳıոܾ˹ȥŷȥ
ͻȻͷһͷֳźһѳƺҲ˲ҪһͷɱϾ̫أ̥һŤ̷һĽų̥֮ڷתѾˣһڵϴ˸֮Ȼֺö˶˵ط˻һ˾ѾҡεõϣǷԼתһγ׷
ͷ⡱һ˵ԣ⳵û˲ݣʵһֱ׷ɱǣǵѾGPS׷һ
ɵ˭ôģΪʲôôǳǳʲôƶģ
ЩʱѾģɽ⳵ĶܵùѽҿŲסˣǿ취ɣ
취취
ۿѳһ׷һǣȻԺһ˸ո·ϵ¹
԰ЩĿ궼ǵĳΪʲô׷֮ǰ⼸ѳԼײˣѵ˵Ŀ겻ֻһˣ
һ˼ȻһҧһۣվͶ磬ǰҡ
˵ŻҰ˿ȥͬʱ˳־ʹӺ˳
С˰
ĺѾӷɳ۵ĳȥɻûأѳѾײңҸϽһȣ͵سųͷһȣһ󼤵ǿ磬ҵڿסûŲȵıոϣץס˳ϵˢס˳ϡ
ʱڻͷһĳڱۣҸϽ磬ǰ浲·ոԣ
ҵϽŤתһߣҲƫԭķ򣬶ٿѳȴֱǰֱײ·Ͳһ
һҳ˹ȻѳĿ겻ǵҡ
ȻڳҲˣȻͼһηٶȣųһſڳСⶫҪײ㰡ô죬취
𼱣а취
ſڳͷϳһЦֳ磬ѳ·ȥѳʱס
·ϣСôԼߣŭ
ҸϽش˵Ҳߣ㵽·ͣ³Ͻ·һ󶴣һдô
ôһ˵˹ǸϽʻ·ϡ
翪뿪ҰѳˢűոŲȻҸһǳ̾ƫһѾȷˣ⳵Ŀһ˶ѡ
뵽ҸϽһֻѳĲϣۡһ㱬ءһըɢ𣬴Ѿѳǰ粣ը˸飬ҳûϽȰѵڼʻϵ˾һȻѾûϢ
˵⳵ոڵϴ˸˾ֻЩƤˣͲ⵽ôأ
Ѿûʱôˣ˵ῪѧӣѳϾ޴ķ̿ʼŤѳҲʼ˿ƣҵŤҡҰ
ģҿʼϤ̵ⷽĲǿѾתȦһֱ翪ٶȳҺһ׼ˡִ̣֮ѳ̳·ȫʻȥ
һ֣ͼѾ·ڳһ޴ĿӶҲڳˣһŽ˾ʬ˳ȥܱһȫʬԼҲ˵粣棬ۿɳ۵ѾڳĴԽԽ˫ݺһţ̳Ǵ˹ȥ
ϾҪʱͷһѳֽǰһΣһڿһӸ˳ͷһ˲䣬ǿ磬ҵѾ÷ɹ˴·ϴ˹
Ҹһؾ䡱һ죬ѳѾԤ׵һͷԽ˴ͷ½ϳˡ
ڵϴ˼֮ǱסҲ˲ĲˣλվѳѾڵ϶ˣһһͨһ˵ϣ̾һѽ
ʱҲѾ³˹ŵɨһ̥ھתͷȫԽѳ̳ҾС⣬⵽ô£
£Ȼġ
˵Ż鲻ԽԼĲһ£û˿ڣǵãӦǳŮҧһڵĲλ
뵽ֻͷµǼѳ̾˿˵ЩӦöвͬĿ꣬ĿǱ˿ƾģҲȫЩԼѡģһڿԿ϶ֻĿ걻ײЩŻͬһͣ
˵Խѳڷٵתš


350 ͷ
Ϣһ֮󣬴ҲŴзӦ˹ȻҪЩһס޵˾֪̽Ϣǿ϶ˣ硢ȻطȥСϣҵëС顣
˳֮翪ԭ·أ˳ɽ߳ȥûãȻͼߵΡΡ߳һʼʱԶҶûע⣬һӵëС
쿴ë
һϳϽ·ͣ˳³ͳë˹ȥſ壬뿪ʱö˶˵ëѾ˺ۣһǣƺҲһüͷչƬ̣ҲѾͨһ˵ϡ
Ͻ嵽ëߣһʵëôˣУô
ǣǸһ˵ġ
ë˼ڴȻһ߬סĸ첲ƴվּҴ˵죬طȥǷȷʵ
Ѿ֪ˡ
˵Żǲë˳翪ʱҽ˵һ飬˵֮ëȴûֳκεĳԾǰ̾˿˵ͷ񡭡
һëĻҸϽʵͷʲô
ëɨһۣ˵ͷҲг䣬ǹʱϷеһħû壬ֻܸ˵棬˰֢״֪ԼѾͷˣֱҹʱ֮󣬱˯״̬ĴͷʼԦ˵ʳԭشѾ;ˣҲֻһЩ˵
˵ЩëСָǽ˸£һڡͷ񡱵Ĺ¡
˵ͷļڸֵŹżʷżжᵽоһ£Ϥʱڡ
ë˵ʱи㣬ĸһŮǡͷ񡱣ҲǱͷ˵ͨࡣ
ÿҹ˶˯֮ĲӾͻúܳһ֮ͷ;ͻ룬صԭ̣ͷ򵥶ɳȥʳӹ촰ֱʱŻٷɻ
ʼʱûκ˷£ɺ䱻һŮ֣ǻ֮̿¾ͽ¸˽㣬ȥͷѾɳȥŮɴںö˶˵˯״̬ǻܿʱñӽӶסʱ뿪ˡ
ȵʱŮͷַ˻Ϊ屻ӸסĹϵȻҲˣԴڵҹŲҽƺͿһʱֳ֣ѱһƣͷ̾ͻصŮϡ
ں£ûɱһͰˣŵ֪Ǿͷ
ʱͷϷܳһЩƫԶĲо˻ᱻͷЩӵרѡרŵҹϮǿУֲӣʷ֮Ϊͷ
ë˵ΪɵĲʷϻкܶ࣬ͬʱڸټױأͻǱǵŴ˵еֻë֮һΪʳǹ룬֧ټױʵϸֻп׼Ӳô򵥣ֻҩˮݹټ׵ǹ룬Ҳʱκӳսټ׾ȫûȴ˵һˣֻܷŻȫѶԷˣë˵νټױټֻΣʵ˵˾Ǻëһ֧ʬӣʬⶫ»ģԵѡԻ֮
ë˵ЩͷĴ˵֮Ȼһ̾˵˵ͷƺ;˲ŶѽΪʲôֻͻȻ֣
ͷûоֹûС
ëСüʦŵںʱʦʦĴҲ־ħ𣬶ħ˵ǸѣħԽԽ࣬ħҲͱɱԽԽ٣ĳһضʱڣܶħѡȻҲԭˣⲢʾ;ˡ
˼ǣӵ˱𴦣Ҿ
ëͷ˵ûձҲǵʱƵūһЩŵ伮Ҳмء˵ͷڵʱūΪס֮ձһʱħԴħʱȥģˣҲձħˡʦ𣬺ܶħ˶ԶѧգΪľǲЩħ
ë˵ʱ˵⵹ҲǼ¶̵ʱСձ񰡣ŪħҲ
ʱһϯͷë˵Ǿ˵ͷѾ;ˣΪʲôڻٶȳ֣
⻰һڣëһ̾üͷĬ֮˵ҵһѣֽ´˻
ϣѣ
һëѾ˵ͷ
ʱȻԱλϵһɫȻû
ëѲǡѲֻ˰ɣ
ëɨһֵۣͷ̾Ѿħʧʮ֮ã۵üҲЩأһɡܸ׹йء
ëһһĲ֪˵ЩʲôҸϽʵ˵˵˭
Уɽǰʮ֮ǰħ߳Ƶձʦɡ
գձˣ
ûձˡ
ԱߴȻձˣħǸøʢΪձħ֣ͬʱҲʮ֮һﶥģǶҶûٳĿͷ
һἰ֣ɫԽԽѿˣ𾪵ǣһձˣôʮеһԱ


351 ػ
һʱ벻ͨҸϽë˵һֱΪʮжǵŻˣû뵽ձ˵һϯ֮أ
ë˵ͷشôһҲ⣬ǧ꣬ħʷԴԶڻǵŵĸ֧˲ٶħʿҲֿԺЩᲢۣоͰձʦɣСͲձʦĴˣʱԶԭѧϰźڵħ֮ɽٺʮλãǸ򵥵
ë˵꣬̾ȵ˵ëΪʲôṥ㣿ҼǵкôҲͽܣɽǰƺéɽѧأ
˵¿ܸ׹йءȻħЩϵĲϣվǸֱˣʮǰΪϲ˳ħ˹׹ȴȻһγ֣Ѿħ˻̫ɺˡ
˵Ѿ׹̵ˣ
һܿ϶ԡ
ë˼Ƭ̣˵ҿǸӾ⣬Ǯ˷֮Ҳ䱸϶Լ뿪һĸңҪ̽ҵȻߺûþͷڰи٣Ǿû˵ĵطֲô׳û뵽ǣûʰأиһǰѾҷͻϮ
ǳӻôףʲôˣ
С˳ейӣһҺйʱѾȷˣ֮⣬ʵ뺷ŵӣһзһб

ë˵˲һ㶣̲סѿڶиͽܽԴû
һһڣë̺ݺݵһۣúʲôʱ㻹˼ЦͲ֪ɵ֮
ң֪ⷽ棬֪
Ǿְɣδħ罻Щ쵰ǰ;ǰ
ë̾Ϣһֽ˵еʵѾǿʮǰʱĴѧСħ֮Ϊһ壬ʮһֱ
޵֮˻ǲħר𣿡
ɵħ֮ڵΪõ޵֮ʿʹҲǲܣͱҶġʽתĳ֮֮ڵɽȣҪܵÿ죬ѾڻɽҰˡ
˵ëɫ΢΢һ죬¶һǰδαʽҲѹ֣ëʲôõéɽ׻ʦʮеĶ֣Ǹ߸ϣ˭뵽ھȻᱻôǱ
ҲɼɵĿ֮ˡ
˵Żѿص˷ݸδⱻĳӺϰ֣⿪ƿ˷ſڵ·ΣͬǺͰС˺ϡ
Ҷ˳֮ëֽµ˵һ£󼱴ҴֵţΪѾˣڿʼҾԲܹ¶棬Ǽ˶ԸǳӺͷ񡭡
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ĵ⣬ëеɣֽǵʵһǸٹô죿㶼Ķְ
ģѾ뿪ˡ
ë˵ʱְ̾һ·ɫ֮ǰҪ
Ⲣʲô£ΪԼͼĶԻҪȥģǺͬĿĵء
ѵҲǱҾ
ëҡͷʵСͷȷʵЩöԸ֪ûʲôܿķ
˵껰ȴһĴЦ⻹ëѾ˵ˣͷǱϰڵһ꣬첻¶棬ϰԼ֪Լ϶ʲôֱӳȥϰ￳ħҲˣ
סڣ
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Ĭһ£үֳŴһ˵Ǳ𼱣ҵи⡭
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үȥĶҶʵ
ͻȻֵıʲôܣ׹޹Ҷܲܡ
Ҫȥɣ
ûҵһĿĵأͲˡ
ë˵ʱѾ조ɻ񡱵ļǮ˳һߴǮһ˵һж㣬һȥɻȹȥǣǴС··һҪСĽסû
ҵ˵ͷʱͼëѾǮֳݣٿǮһݶǵ˹ҶһֻһǮס
ëһۣɻҪǮԷҪǮ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ͷٺһЦ˵͸٣һ·Ǯ𣿡
ɵӣǿħ˰
ëЦ˵Ѿǹ˼ˣӹħµħмй̶ģҪǮʱԼ취ⶼãħ𣿡
ë˵껰ûǷأѾȥǮһ˺۵ͬͷꡭ
ڳ㿴ҿ㣬մＷһ仰Сǲ϶ˣ
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352 
ë뿪֮С㡢ĸڳһ죬ëİȳȥˣʵǶòˣ³˼ǿпУʱ˶ӡ
ܿͺˣ淹ݳԷסĿҲǶڶ涢ţͼϰææµµڴæȻݲȻĿ˶Щյ˾͹ˣһЦӭЦͣǽһҲѹССķôˡ
ԽĥЩԽЩܣôøˣôͻȻͷ񣬽ϣһսˡ
ʮӵĹ򣬳ԷѾԽˣɵﻹӪҵϾҹĿˣϰһֱôţ;˼ǷȻæһۻˣǲϢɶԿ
һֱʮһӵʱ򣬵û˿ˣסĿҲȥ˯ˣϰչʰ롢ӵ֮Լķ䣬ǳҲ˷Ϣˣʱȴû
һʱҶеˣ缱æʵСҲ͵˰ɣë˵ˣŪĶҪŪͷɲʰ
˵ʱҲһ˼ȷʵëðŪĶҪŪɾͲճˡ
һֱȵ˿ʮʱûлۿͷжʱҪˣҲȲȥˡ
ëлȣͷ߱һֺصѪΪѪʱĶϸСþ͸Ƶģ˶˵ĲϼûʲôоֻȡѪҺȱͷ˵˸ȫûио
ë˵ͷ񲢲ĿѪȫ⣬ֻȡһСάƣԼڶ챻Ѫ˳΢ƶѪͷ֮⻹ǲĸоǼǻʮСʱҲͷһ߱йصġ
ۿѾʮˣæС֮˳³ʱҶǧ˵ǧҪСģʱ˵ˣͷĶҧ͵ڱ˶һʮСʱ֮һڷ
ѽң
˵Żӵϳһשֲͷ˵㶼亦һܲע𣿡
˵ҲǣҾһȫ
ҹ·ͣڷſڵѳ͵˸׶֮İѷݴõĴ˿˽ȥ
žЩ£ϰķʱҷһﵽϰһţŷ쿴ȥ¹⴩ɴøṩ˹Դ
һͼһƣϰڳ˯ƺһˣϸ΢һƽ
ֿ̧˿ѾָʮȻͼԱø첲ײһ£ŵʾ￴Ҹŷһͼ˯ϰѾ˱仯
Ǻֿܹ쿪ʼЦЦᣬҲܹŹ֣ǲ
ʱȻɳһϰͷŵƤͷ죬ϰĲƺѾ˼磬ͷ˴ͷ
ʼʱǲĶỺϸŸ͸оһɾһ˲䣬ǲӺȻৡһһ˺üףһͻȻˮɫһڿȦ
³ͻȻŵõһͷƺûиоκεһͷ϶Ѿڿ˺üȦĳӻڷҡҰڣҡڣĲӸѾԽԽһҡƨһʺһĲ𽥴ӿдڵ̳һѡ
ʱսս˵ֵ֣ܣңе㺦¡
һͷͼѾ˺顣
£ë˵ⶫĿбӶܲֻҪǲغãͷֲǡ
˵ĹָŷһͼͷԴѾЦųſŵϽ֮ǰëķԸſ˵Ҵˣ֨һѾ°˿һŷ죬Դŷ켷֮ųҡųȶķƮ˹ȥ
ſڵſڱǣ޳ĲһսľʱҲë
ϰﲱϵŵĺͷеһұķһοҾ;е֣
ұʲô˼
ΪͷУûⶫ˾֮⣬صͷ뿪ڿգǲһز֮ͷȻȻķ˳ȥʱһӺͷĵطͻһĺӡӡҲͳ˹ʱħʿֱͷõķԽͷΪұͻڲϵһΣǺܸסϵĺӡͬʱҲֹ׷룬ڸһ㡭
ë˵ͷĴ֮ǰ͸ᵽͷͷɳȥȫöסͷͷɻʱͻΪҲ𽥿ήǺֹ׷룬ҲЧرͷ񲻻
ЩʱԱú΢˵СǺˡ
˵Żһָ̧ͷһȻӷܳ޳ϣѾܿźһشƮ˳ֳͷߵķһͷѾһ͵ķʱͷѾʼ΢΢ȻͷʱѾʩչ˳硭
˵ɲٵˣٵȥǶñ߲˵סЩˣûþˡ
뵽־ץϵĺ


353 ͷ׽
ҵϺһ˲䣬̾ҲûץסӺں컨ϺȻһֻɫĴ󹷣͵һ¾ҵֱۡ
³ͻȻҷӦʱǴѾӭ£ҸϽأ˲һһڹֻ⹷е⣬ȻԴ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷϰͷѾѸٵشӷ˳ʱҲѾĵơ
ŵƹǿһۣûѪ˵ûüѪ⵹Ҷٷġ
ɾʱһЦȴѾסķﴫ˳ţǸС˳ĳѾҡ߳ҸһЦ˵ٺ٣Ҿ֪ǲôװ֣Ѿڴ˹ʱˡ
˵껰С˳ֻͷͷЦЦ˵ҵסʳ
ͷ˵ͷͷǷꡭ
磡
ƲҸϽһɨȥ羹ȻѾڵϻ˯ˡ
ɲ˯ͷҪ˯˿ɾˣ
ҡҺ
޾ɵ˸ǷҸϽֺëĻ˵Ӧô
ңҼǵá
˵ŻѾسӣûվأȻһŭ𣬽һͷǽײ˹ȥ
һӣĲʱײͷѪ۵Լ˰죬Ŷͷ˺ѵ˿˵˵ûʹǻ˯õķ
磬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵ȴٺһЦȻͳͬһʱ䣬ڶͷȮҲѾҡ
վһûͷȮ˵أһžͳĶƤ˹ȥͷȮ߷ɳȥͬʱѾ͵һ߬סҵĸ첲ʱһڣ۵Ҳҽ
磬ѾҧҸ
˯ţ񣡡
˵ŻȻһ˫Ѿס˿ƯŵĳӣֳҺСͷסСǳӣǸʦ
ҸһͷС˳Цſڣû뵽Ѿ֪ҵˣٺ٣ǺãҲͲҴŲˡ
˵ŻС˳ʼ˫ƽӡӡ͸ŵӡ޼ȴȻĵģһҲ
ʱС˳ȻϥڵأǰͷȮһ֣Ȯмͷһھҧ֮УѪ˳ͷȮݷ͵δ˵ϡ
С˳ѪһأըһŰ֮Ѿ˼ֻͬɷͷȮ
ҵȻҲҺۿѾְͷקͷ˴һţҲϽ˫һ𣬼ʮ̴ɢתۼǵΧҵƮһ㡭
һȺͷȮ˹û˵ؾȱһըòҽˣܿͱըһŰɢУļƽ£˳һ̧֣һ㱬šءһը죬һѪɫѾĹȫը˳ȥ
ڶС˳һҲס㾹Ȼҵʽ񣿡
ԭʦνʽ񰡡
ҰЦһ£˵ë֮ǰСģ˵ʦͨʽ֮С˳չʾԼʽ񡪡ʮȮ֮黯ΪȮһҲô¡
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붼û˲̧һĳͷ񣬿ʱ缱ٵغѾӺ洫СҪƼ׵Ļϰһɱģ
⻰˲һëɱ޹
֮ҲֻջֳһԶ㿪ͷѪڴԻͬʱѾ˻ŴͷԼĲа˳ԲԶһץʱͱϡ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷһҽУһĲѾʼͷ벱ĵطط˿ֻʣһͷ­ڿƮˡ
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ףֵԼСģ
һһϽֳϰķ˹ȥҲë¼ƻһ֣ϾͷͣδǵֵˣõķǶϿͷ뾱֮ñסһܺڿеͷķ̴Աûơ
С˳ȻҲһ¾ͷǵĿģϰķ˹ȥֹ磬ҵȻô׾ͷȥ
һʱ䣬Ưͷ­ԼС˳ͼûɢͷȮȫ˹ҸϽγѰӦУȻ֣ΪȱսԵʣͻȻԹѵеģʱͼҷ͹ͷϣѾԳʹˣִϰ﷿ﴫ˳Сסһֱң֡
İ磬أ
һճڣС˳ȻһƾҵĿϣһֱҪֻҴõ˼ȴûе£ɸûٴվȣֻͷȮҵĸ첲ҧסקڵؾͿʼ˺ҵӡ
˵ãҪ֮ųΧɺȻȾͷһһɨһϮӰѾ첽˽
ףˣ
һ˵꣬˦ּһֽѾֽžһС˳ϵͬʱֻ˺ҧҵͷȮըɰȫɢ١
ͷͷ­֪ѲھܣΪ屻סĹϵȻѾЩ֧ˣҳûһ˾͸Աһѹ˵ϣֳŰ죡ҵĶû


354 ְ
һһ꣬ȴȻԥһ˵ûС
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ҡת˼ɣû˼˵ʱˡ
ëȥͯ򣬱Ͼûߣͯ򽫼ϰϵͷƳõķȻĻֻͬⷹݵϰҲһɱˡ
Ȼ˫ֽͷͷȴںֵţҪߡ
˵ȻҲżһ֮󣬺Ȼһͷʼ˿
㣬Ҫ
˵Ҫ
һε˵ŸȪˮƿܱתһȦǿС򣬿ֱܲƿȥŰɣǻǱ̬Ӳڣǲ㡭
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˵Ż׼ͷԴҪŵҸϽһ㣬˵ȵȻôţһ갡
ʱѾӷ˳һɨʱôû㶨ȥϰͿˡ
ȻʱͼҰŵͷҲС˲١
һҺͰһһΣ缱ۣܣܹʱŭСʲôʱ㻹ࣿ
˵ŻѾ嵽ҵıһƿҾͳϵͷȥҵ˫ָһɿͷһڿնʧɫְȥͬʱϽŰҪܣ
ΣͷҲ˲ʲôˣһ˲ͷɴ˹ȥ˭뵽ͷһͷ˫ۼ䴩˲䣬һͷһůʱײϣúøϴ˸
һ˲סʱͷѾ˳ȳڷȥûǻѾɵȾͷ
Ʋվ׷ȻѾ׷ˣʱͼһСӰѾȾͷȻ˳ͷƮǰסͷҲ¶һ˿ţʱͼǽСӰѾԾ𣬽һͷϣԲͷ­˲ͬһŵһǡᡱһ·˹
ҸϽһѽͷ߬סŻûÿӵİ죡
û
˵ɻˣʣµɢŵεεˮѽ
ʱִأأ
һͷһͼƵģƺʲôʱѾͷһѴ˹ȥһ֮׼ͷ͵һ磬ˡһһڻѾͷϡ
һʱͷУͷʼҵزֻգۼĹ򣬴ͷ±λѾһͬŤһĹӰּۿ죬һǹӰɳһſһѾһŻֽӰ˹ȥʱǹӰʼǺšһճһŻҽ
ոǸͷ񣿡
ͷǶһʱٿСѾŸһһ˹ϻ
ҸϽʵС㣬㣬Ƿ˰˭ģ
Լ⡣СƲ죬Ц
һֱڿ㣬أ
ҵ첻¶ã߿ˣڻڳء

˵СΪһ˵̬ȼֱ̫ˣĻﻹůģٿѾ͵͵ܵһϵȥˣûҿСһۣȻεˡ
ʱԱ˵ȱæզ죿
˵Ż˾ǿѾͷϸһͷıѾٲˣ͸Ѿû˺һ˵ˡ
Ͻ߹˵ëʱ˵ɱͷ֮һʱͷװ壬˾ͻ
ѽ
ŵһУͷϽܣѱӽ⿪һǻҲѾ΢ˡ
粻ҵæͷСװϡ
սӺͷǺϵһʱǲɫ˲һӵĹϰıֿʼ΢΢ȶһһѾᵽɤ۵Ҳ˲
ʱʣСǽô죿
ô죬ûѣϽ뿪˵ɡ
ô뿪
һ⻰סʵԩǳåأˣѵͲͽͣ
ͣǺǣûҪ
Ʋ죬˵ë˵𣬱ͷûмģͲ֪ԼʲôȫȫǱʦˣܽ𣿡
ǡչҲ˵ллɣ
˵ʱѾߵſڣֻͷһЦ˵磬ħ۵ְأ
˵ŻҽöסС˳ͰҲϽæʰһ£ϵѪͲɫҺ嶼ɾ֮󣬸Сһ˵š
£Ǹһˣڶϰ𴲺ôҲС˳ô֮ûҪ˵֮ѾغúþӪԼСˣҲͰˡ
ӰС˳֮ҹ·ϾѾһһ޵Ĺûʱȥˡ
·ϣȰС˳ڳﱩһ٣ȻŰѶڿ˳һåصʵСӣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ѿ׵С˳Դҡø˹һ˵ΪʲôҲ֪ʲôһ˵Ǳٴˡ
һһˣֱ⣬ʵ˵ͻȻֻʲôı


355 ط
ֵܣ治֪
С˳һڣֱӾ͸һͣ۵С˳һ죬Ͻ˵ֵû˵Ѱ治֪ʦһЩЩץӡסħַǣҪÿ˴һҵʵĵطͽЩħųȻʱ۲һʱ䡭
ѡǸݵϰͷϣ
ңҲ밡
С˳һ죬ش˵СʶȥձʱԵɺϽʦͳΪʦʦǻعұˣСݣҲ뿪ˣʦֲҲǰǸӣĵ˳ͷϼϡңΪ¶ģǾһֱһˡ
ǣ£֪֪㺦˶ˣ
һʣС˳ӵػش˵Щͷϵ󶼻ڷͻû˻ǵ۵Сϵһģ˭֪ôȻЩڵĸ֡
һۣʱҲûͷСһȭֺǣҿˣҪȻָĻúأ
ʱһֱĬĬԱߵİӻʵС˳ղ˵ʦǴձֹһ֣
ԣкܶࡣ
С˳ͷӹձħʦħߵĴڣŽֹħţǰһʦԹץϡŹֵħ˵ȴδǳɱԷӡ֮סʦвЩħô֣ձһֲܷЩΪǲڵشﲩ;Ѱһʵĵص㣬Щ˵ᷱϢ
С˳˵˼˵ɵһȷʵ˵
˵֪ˣ
Ȼˣʮħıˣ˭֪ܲأ
˵껰һ£ֽ˵֪ʮǰΪʮ֮һаħзһǰ顪ħӡͬȷలȫǰ£һЩռ䣬ħǹ֣˺ԭǿԹͬһġ
һ˵⻰͵һ飬Ҷ벻ıϣ
Ѿһ۾Ϳ룬ҡҡͷ˵ΪҶһǾʹˣҶνˡǴڶģҲҪһ޷ĺƽ磬ɲֻͬǵҪЩͷ֮ĹŴ壬ƶֻҪЩھ־ͺãһϣҶ࡭
˵껰ֳС˳ʵ㣬ȻǴħЩֶЩʲô
ҾͲ֪ˡ
С˳ӻشʦ˵εڸ߶Ȼܣй¶ȥĻܻᱻħȺ֮δ£ʦڽħʱǽʦֵǵ뷿аţõ֪ع֮Щʦ̷ֵܾɢȫظѰʺħסĵص㣬ģһ֪
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˸绰ߣͨһߵ̱֮ʾ˽Ӧ
賿ĵӣ︮ĳڹ·ͷС˳֮ǲּ·ֱĿĵء
һ·;沢ɣڰ˻ħ֮⻹ͨаԣ·ûǮˣǾֱ·߰ڸ̯棬Һ縺ͣһԶʮ³ʱһ׬ü٣˵ûʲôƣɵǷ糾͸ϵſʱϸһ·׬ǮȥԺȺǮһ·ǾȻʣһǧǮ
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õĴϲûйʱʱԼЩͽǴý˰£︮ҲѾǰǺͷõĵϵˡ
Ҷ˳֮ƣشͷŶ룬Ϊ϶֮ǰһַǷĶ֪ƿһ˶ҳ˼žﲻɵһ㶡
ⲻ԰˵ͽһֱڷ񣬿һֱ͸ѾûסһǻҳԵĹŶҲˣԭö˶˰ڼϵļٹŶˤضλ̫ʦҲص˵ϣŵҶڵˤ롭
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ҸϽźúȫû˻Ӧ߽ȥһ˶ķУȻһˣĴģ͸ѾûסƵġ


356 
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ԣϸˣʲôû١
һ˼һ˵ҿϵĳҲһûסˣôˣΪʲôŶû
иֵĵطء
СŶŷ̫ʦһЦЦ˵ǿطװ޵Ķãô켴ûҲûţʲôû𣿡
С⻰ңǰˤصĶ֮⣬Ｘûκζʧҽķ﷭һ£ѹŵļٿǮö˶˵ѹڴ档
ҹջҵ˵ֻϰңɼһѣʵĶ£
ԽԽ֣ʱմ߳İһ˵ⶼûʲôǡܾйֵڡ

һ⻰ҶסϽʵ㿪Цذɣ˵ǸƭӣվǸֵطҲħĴڣ
Ķֻ֪Ʋ˵˭˵Ҳû˵ȷֻܸоʲôطԶѣˣۻס˵ɡ
˵ʱҿ˿ѾǰˣҲֻˡ
ǸϽȰ︮׼ķӦ֮ڴź֮󣬾һȥԷˡ
⼸켸ַΪ˸ʱ䣬ԷЩСڳϽڽ̤ʵˣǸϽ˸Ƚϲķ˶ٺõģ극ԭʣµһǧǮʣ˶ٶࡣ
Ҳû룬Ǯû˿׬˶Ǵ¶
ȳԱһѾϰ˵ˣŻ˷ãú˯һһȥ￭ʼִ︮øǵ񣬶һŽȥٶȾס
ͼԭڴڷŵõЩӦ÷ѾһӵضǣÿһС˸˿ľڵϣѾ˸۶ˡ
һ¾ɵۣϽܹȥʱһԺд˳ۣ
Ҳоˣ
һ˵ǻСƣҸϽʵСƣ⼸㵽ô£ôһֱû˵
ͷԵʡ
СƵٶȴԺдͷĴ⣬Ǵ˵壬Ǵ˵꣬˻˯״̬ûκθоҺǣˣһԣǺü졭
ԭ
Сһ˵ҲŻȻ
ʱͼץһѱ۶ϵľڱţȻһüͷ˵ˣӦġ
ôȷ
˻ζصľ˵⽣ƺץ˲˺ص
ⲻܰɣľǵ֮ħ˰ͲøϽԶأôԼץأ
ҾͲ֪ˡ
һĬľһӣָŲԶذϵļƺսһĺɫۼ˵㿴ЩսȻΪֽȼնɵģǶľ˻ֽɽȻ
ӻ治СȻЩ׻ʲô
뵽ҸϽ̧ͷΧɨһۣģ˵Ҳܸое㲻ȴûκε
۲һ֮󣬰վ˵𼱣ħԼѾˣҸϽʰʰ䣬˯һ˵ɡ
˵䣬һѻû۶ϵľӸ磬СĿڴһӻֽᣬҪ˯ΪΣϽ
ǴҶûٶ˵ʲôϽҷʰһ£ȷûħĲ֮󣬾͹غŶ˯ˡ
˵һ·Ͷ٣ʱĶ˯ţļ˿϶ҲһѾŵ˼㡣
ŵӡʮӡʮһӣʱһһعڴװ˯ҷһҪˣ»ʲôֵ춯;ͷԽԽϾ⼸̫ˣһˣȻǿҪŲסˡ
ֹûãһӸڷ䴫Ҽǵסڸڵ磬ȻʵڳŲס˯ˣģҲû֪
ɾڰ˯֮䣬ȻһֵؽŲ⴫
գաܿ죬ֱ̧Ƥľʵذһҹģǳʲôأ
ʱ͸оѾͣҵķſǰΪ˯ˣһͳſ˹ȥʱŴ¹⣬ͼһѾƵؼŷ죬̽˽
⡱һΪҸϵá
ǸֺԲˣޱ鵫۾ܴԴһ̽ɨ
ȻЩ־嵫ţǼװ˯Ľ˱ץڱغõİȡ
ʱѾŶ룬ſ壬˻¾Ȼʲôû·ʱ첲Ҳζһ£Ψȸ̧ǰСƿֹֻ
һһաһδһ˲䵹һϥϸһΨϥСȵƵĲλĶ˵ĽŰһ¹һĶڳŵ棬ֲڵϵôڲͬء
ʱҲѾܹȷˣһֻﵷңȻҲġ
Ҽװ˯뿴ڴʲô⣬ʱͼڷޱغҴһ֮һ˫ճ˹ţŹزաس˹


357 û
ǹߵҴʱӿʼҿһչɢһɧζ£߬ӵҲѾʼˣûΪǿֻ۾ǹҪʲô⡭
ȫ¿˸֮ǹӵĹȻһŤͷתȥ͸񾭲һͷſߣһһҿƺѰʲôһʱҲǹƨϾȻһİëֱƨϹë׵һ
һҸˣ˵⵽Ǹʲôɵģô֡
ɻûأǹĿȻһϰŵһƿ֡ա˹ȥһְѻƿ̧ͷϾתߵǰֺȻһΣƺûƿҵԴ
һ¿ɲټװ˯ˣĻƿûһֻڴһţǹﻹûӦһֻİ̳ͷȥ
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һ𣬸ϽһִӻŻֽ붼û͡žžžؿϣֽؿڵһ˲ʱըŻ棬ȻǹﻹǶҿҲ
ҸˣȫɵۣɾʱȻͼǹϵı˲ŤšһҽУԴͶ˵ϡ
ɸһ£һҽУֺȻؿڵϴ˹ڴϿһ棬ֱӾɵۣﳹ׻ˡ
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˲䷴ӦۿǹҪϽּһĶͷϣһͷըյǹڣɸոһȫ޷ӦŭݵسŰ˹ȥ
һʱｻң
˵ŻѾһ˹˫һ߬ȭһͨȭͷͳǹк˹ȥùˣȴûзһҲȫޱ顭
ҲеɵۣɾʱǹѾһͷǡһҽУ˼綼֮ſʼ忪ʼһҽ
ҳûܵ˵ǰһҲɵۣϽŵ˵磬Ӧٶ۰Ǹʲô
ɵɨһۣҡҡͷ
ŹﻹûҸϽǹﾪʵι㵽Ǹʲô
ǹûңȻְѴϵͷңһֺۣ㻹Ҷ֣ٲסСҡ
绰û˵أȻǹﺩ
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ǹﻰһڣһŨĶ̳ûǷӦأǹѾһǺɽڣϽ飨ţӣţӣƱɶӦ
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ʱȻһѾд

һеôңȻΣգ鼱֮ҸϽһ£תһһ˵磬㿴ȥ
ȥɣ
Ӧһһͳǹ˹ȥҲϽҳ˷䡣
Ǿֱ񱼵ķſڣȻִһزҽɻûŽȥأͼѾءһ˳Ű嶼ײˡ
һˤڵϣһֻƯëĳβʹɽѾųҲӷ˳ûأһ˫צƴ˺һʱͼëϵġëҷɣ۵໲ҽУɱԴȫûл֮ˡ
ʱҲѾϳɽ֮ǰ︮ݷֲſڳֹǸԵĳ±
ϴΪƻҺ͹ùõĶԾ˫ɮ˹ͺ¿úü𼶸Ⱥ֮ëûˣòױסһˣôˣѵѰģ
ҺͰ㶵Ĺ򣬾ѾԴ̰治֪һΰɣ
㣿ûطȥأԼҲ㣡
ǳ±˵ʱһ˫۵ɵϴȻ˺ˣҪֲסˣҸҲڵʱˣϽȥֽҲѾ˦ַų˼ˢˢײ˳±ϡ
ֽ𼸺ͬһʱг±һʱءһһŻ⣬±Ѿײõɳ˺üף۵öʱһҽС
ĲҽвŸճڣӱҵķַһҽһͷһȻǱ׵Ѿſڵ˳žͼǹӵĹѾشӷ˳һ±ڵϣʱۺգǶۣӿװ˵ĸ̳
˵䣬ǹѾͷŰ˹ʱȴ֨һһѾˣžͼСѾ۾ӷ˳
˵ˣСʱǹó嵽ſڣҪͻȻתƹС㣬ǾȶȲ
Ȼһ춯ǹ̳СɨȥϵǣȻͼǹ۾סһͬʱϾ˲ɹһƺϼ


358 ռȵ
С㡭
ǹﻰһڣҶסȻϵС㣿
ʱ˯ʵСѾĿƣϵһ˲䣬ʱͨһУ붼ûһ˹ȥ
һֱߵùﵹ˼ͨһ͵˵ϣʱ±ѾԶɵˣ򲻹ܣ
˵Żͼ±ųתһֱײû׷أѾʧȾͷȻһաؼܶٻͷһǻʲôûĹѾ˫ҲʼܣǸҪ׷ȥʱͼǹѾಡػһ׹⣬գۼĹʧˡ
Ƕ˲ûӰˣʱź׵վǵǸʲôɵĻѲ
һʣҲСܹȥʵС㣬ϵ
ϵá
Сԥص˵ͷȻƭңʵ㲻ϵΪʲôϵأ
Ķ֪˯úúõģȻ泳֣ѡ
˵ŻСתֻ˷ˣĶ˯ţǰĸΧҷϸ
ͨǹòֹҷ׷ײ²ǵǸʲôɲµȫͷ
ŹСʱòѾҽҲֶûκͷҲֻܸԻط˯ȥˡ
һֱ˯˴ֻûڳֹҲû롣
𴲺ҸҪϴȻ洫һһſڵǼսսŮЩϤûϳأѾȿֺغһʦ
һ⻰˲԰ⲻȺͽ
ҸϽǶ˽£ʱͷȺŮһŵڶƺǺʲôͻȻһ
ɫԣҸϽѰҲ˳˵Ҽǵȥʱǰѷýʱôѷø
һʣһ֮󣬴ͷһӵؿ˵ʦˡ
⻰ûϣѾʶˣ϶ڵ϶Ѳϵ
˵ֵѾ֪ˣѾˣǸʲô
⻰һŮ¶ϲ֮ɫͷϽ˵ʦǿǸϻˣȻǶûˣ
Ϊʲôû
ʵѵ˵ˣ
˵ˣûʲôˡ
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Ȼأôû绰ʦ˵Ҿʵ
̾˿˵ʦҲ绰ʦ£ʱʦ˵һһȥϢܲ绰ҲֱӹػˣǸҲ
Ǿ˷ã
ʦĻҲˡ
Ĭһ£˵ǹ֮Թüѷ˾ɸûôǹϰÿǰﶼȻǧֻҪһҹطʹˣ˭ֻҪ̤һ̾ͻж¥ǣǱֳˣ¶ôֲܽͣⰸֻһֱţ»÷û˽͵һֱΧţȻǸǶǡ
Ϊʲôô˵ʵ
ΪǰֹһϽ͵ʲôû͵أͱǹöҵñ˲棬ڶһǷʱ廨űǰſڣŵѾˣڶûء
һ⻰Цô˵ǹҲкôܸۿҡ
˵һ˼صҪֻۿҾͺˣǴǹӦǰﵱԼļˣħ羭һЩɽֱ֮ԭɽֵұˣǳڱռΧϰյķԼļң߶˼ҵĳӹﲻĻ̵̻ġ
ڸô죿
һʣٶ˳˼Ĭһ֮˵˵ֺͳ±ǻˣҹǲô׾ͷģܻ
һȺŮ⻰ֶŵɫˡ
˵ˣȻÿ춼ڸΪʲôǸʱûֱӸ˵ʱѣû׼ǹѾץˡ
ʦҲ˵ϷǻʱѾȥˣǡϲҿﰡ
һҲǣ˵ЩŮ϶ǵŵӣɸƭҲûѧʲô汾£²ء
ЩŮǲˣʱŵһձƵģ˵˻ҾǻȥˣǷֹǻᾡ
֮󣬰΢һ£վʱ·һ·ڵúõһ壬ֵʲô·ֻҪ޻أڶ·Ͻȥ׳һ￭ϣܾȡһЩܵ
оһ֮󣬰Լȥ￭Ͼ֮ǰ￭ʱʣµ˶ʼ壬ץ


359 ׽
˷ͷжּ̽һ¼ƻ֮ʹҴ뿪ˣȻûȥڰǵȻỳɡ
һߣ̿ʼϵ׽壬粼õ磬ִڵϣǰͰȫ׼˸׵
ϳ˷ֺúʰһ·ãôɨĴɨ֮÷յķɣ쵽ʮֱ࣬ʱûл˵ǰӦǵëСҲûг֡
;ڵģҸ˸绰û˽һ뵽зִ磬˵ĵǶţҵҲû̫ģһ˻֮һʮһˣδⵢϵץƻŶԻطȥϢˡ
˵׽ִڵǣ֮˯ø̤ʵϾ޵Ѿ׼ˣֵֻͶˡ
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ȻϣһҵķԽԽϾҷ¶Ȼˡ
Ҽװ˯ܿ춯ѾͣҵſڣźȻ֨һ죬ǹѾֺһŷԴ̽˽һ˫۾ʼ
һȷûжȻƿ˷ţһӣһѾյˣǡžһҽѾǰſڵһ״
Ϊץ硢ѷóе붼˳ֱڸԵķǰ˼ţүǿյģǵͣ͡
ǹﷴӦٶۣ˵ճ㣬ȻҲûио˲ȵ֮ƺûиоκεһֻżǰߣȷ˺ü֮ŷԣԭһ֮ŵͷʼ´˵װ͵һ롣
ǹҲ֪ûӦô£ɨһ֮Ҳûᣬγּǰߡ
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ۿǹѾſ˵ϣһûżжͼǹˤ֮ڵſһźȻһƨɵһѽѽզˤſȶ¶Ƥˡ
ҿ̲סˣֻٵȥǵЦɣǳǻĹﻹûվȴӴһԾ£׼ڴͷһͰ;ϵ
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硢ǹˣ
ҸϽһ֧ԮʱſڵϵĹҲӦ˹˲ԣƴžſܣڻ򻬵Ĺϵܶܲˣֱһˮһصڡ

Ȼһŭ𣬽һѾƿţɻûأǹѾ͵һ߬סĽ󣬽קǰһһ¾ͷżƤػȥһָץǰһֺƣмѽ
ǹﺰʱҲѾӷ׷˳Լһ޵ķ䴫˳󣬾һŮѴ
ͲһҾͿŪˣ
һ⻰˵ãһǳ±ѵǲõЧ
뵽ҳ͵ĹܲˣϽķ˹ȥŽȥһͼѾ仯СŮĳ±ڴϣֻӶѾˣϻŽ±ϣ߬ŵˮһݺĶ
ƤӲøһ˰쾹Ȼȥѳ±һ
һǳ˽ȥ±ʱһһ̻ûһֻҰſڷɣûϽ嵽Ĵߺݺͷһңһ첼úõ˿Ѿ˿ı߽ǹʮשͷһ̽±棬žડһקų±ڵء
磬ͣ
ҳһҲûźһѾקһͰǻͣͣһͰĳ±ϵһŭСҰǾ֪϶ˣ͵ˣҶͣţ㣡
˵ŻĿͰһӣڴһְѴ˳ĳ±һʱɵۣû˵ֻûСŮģ˿ʵʵض
ʱǹѾŻſڣһҪ֣õֻһģ徹Ȼڿն𣬾ͳ˹ȥ
ɽڣƣ
һ˿ɻˣһɣѾȼZippoʱֶų±˿
һʱ䣬˶ŻˣϾֻ׽סɲû˺˼ۿŴĻҪ͵˿ϣҴʧɫϽ˳ֽȳ˳ѴȻʱѾˡ
ʱһֻȻɽЬȴ˳±Ьᡱһſڷ룬ſŴͷɵ˴ߣѾŵɫɷ׵ĳ±ʱһŵòȥ
ûǷӦأȻһ⴫
ˣˣ


360 ҽ
СѾŵر˽һֻϵЬѾˡ
ɸһģͲȵͽһͨһ˵ϡ
С۵ֱ죬ҸϽʱС㳯಻ҶĹ˵󷢣
С㻰һڣȫס
ܣ󷢣С㣬㿴Ķ󷢣
ұ졣
һС̵һۣС㳯ǹ˵Ҿ;ƨϵİëеϤҪͬΪö￴ңһû뵽Ȼ㡭
С㻰˵꣬öѾһûΣЦгָ֣ſڵϵĹ˵Ҳῴʱȥֶɾϳ
ʱͼǹѾصͷ͵ɨСһۣƲ˵¹ѽϳˣҪɱզأ
Ҫɱ㣬Ҳˡ
СһЦкȻһĨĸԵعâǰǹǰȻ£һʱͼǹЦһȿʼһϵš
СһҲЦƺȫû˼ǸǶϻأ˷ֱܵ󷢣㰡һҵȣû뵽ëûأ
СһЦǹЦøˣƵڵ£ҲֱۣӾС㻳ꡣ
һǻҪС㶹ŷӦ˹ϽСק˿ʵС㣬⵽ǸʲôΪʲôϵ
Ȼϵãĵһﰡ
裬
һ⻰ҸһСѾ͵ͷ˵ûҲ߰꣬ɽЩĲҩһ۾ͿʱƺǸմҰζӳ϶ˣˣɴ˵Ĳҩ˳־Ȼɽ˸ѣÿɽҩһֱһ£˺ˣͲˡ
˵СЦǹһۣ˵ʱ󷢵ĵӰˣҿͦɰҲ֪øʲôֺãԾͽˡ
һ֣ǹſڵϼֱҡƨɣҿֱģС˵С㣬ȷʱ㿴ͦɰģǲСʱʲôۼ
ȥİɣ˵ģ
˵ŻСǹƲ˵ҵʱΪֻͨͨأԭֻ
šǹӦһ
ʱҲӳ˹ԭֻɵӾ
ֶǰȽϳһҰ¹ʺɫģβ͸һİëܾʱβİëըԶ͸ӰƨƵģеΣеΣܿɰ
иص㣬ɵԶ˶ɵӡ
˵Ӳãжģܾ֮һΪתҪ˼ҪҪܣʱͲ֪㿪Ҳ֪Լᱻײֱ˹ȥ׽ΪýųƵ⿴
ɵһطǱ׷ϵʱһżȻܣֱӰԴѩΪ˿Լأɵ˵ûʲôΣУҲرء
ûĶͣûû˵оʳĹ۲죬ǶģҲ⡣
˵ʱһǹĶ϶ȾܣҲܣһ֮û׷ںƨƨܻȥ˻׷ûһȺӱһǹ̵һ֮ӲܣͣΧۣžǴ˵еɡ
֮һ仰ӦٶȱҶ
һ˵ץסǹﾹȻֻɵӾҸһпôȱ۶զɵľأ
ʱɵڵϺٺɵЦϱզأԵְ
ϱ˭ϱأ
Сһۣʱͺˡ
Ȼ֪ѾûʲôΣˣҲûٶ֣Űϣק˴Ұѳ±Ҳһק˳ȥ
һֻȻܲˣ̫ʦһһֱСɵЦɵʵιȱ𻨳вУ㣬ΪʲôǷõң
û뵽ǻңɶС㲻סؿС㶼Щˣֵһ˵󷢣أΪʲôң
Ķ֪Ӿǵûش𣬷һ˵ɽеûû˼Ҹ𣿶˼Ʊɶ
үģ
Ƣһ¾ˣúôҲˣС㣬̣
ҳңʱס˵ֵܣǸˣôܳɵӵĴأû£˵ʳ±
˵Ż˱˿ŵĳ±ǰЦʵ±ϴβǱôɵӾһȥˣ
Ҳ㡭
û뵽±ҲһųҪ֪緢Ƣɱұˣһ⻰ʱ͵Ҫʹģ˵ǲǣ㣡
˵˵
±ŵֱ£»ûСŮģۺᣬ˿Щ
ۿ˵ˣ±ŵòΡΡ˵ңѵ·ġ
ѣ˭ʡ
ʱԱߴ˵۳±ֻ±Թžһԣֻ֮ǰһֱǿʯͷͻȻΪԹˣڻڱܷ紵ɹء
һ˵±ί˵㣬겻Ϊ㣬ôᱻץȥʯͷѣ
ȥüǧˣʲôѲѵģôȥɲУôз


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⻰ȴʵһ㶣Ͻҡҡͷ˵ɱ㣿ΪʲôҪɱ㣿
׷ɱôãüΰñˣ㣬㲻𣿡
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˵ŻȻְԼ̧Ȼڳһƣڳ±Ĩһ£ȥϵΡ
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ǺǣɵѾͷ⻰˵þ̫ˡ
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⻰һڣͼ±ȻһĽݰĿ⳯ɨ˹ȥһŮżʫ˧һ㡭
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ɵӾһ죬õ̱ƻһֳۣѾȫĵĳ±Ц˵±㻹û˵أΪʲôΪʲôɵһ𣿡
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ɵһֱţУŮǶţš
˵ͼɵŭؾͳſһͨ񱼣ܵǰûȰأȻءһѾһ߿ų˽


362 
һһùľɵӣΪҪųȥû뵽ԼûѾײԴϣɵӵʱͱĵ˵ϡ
ں濴žˣôɰϾˣ԰ȱ۰
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Ų˵ľȻëСͽܣ׳濪С֡
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Һ꣬ȴûңŲ˵ͳŰ˹Ҳܷǵûл֣Ǳس˼
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˵ʦһҲ֪С˳ɸҪ𻰣ͼŮżǰһ׷ɱĴ󺺳嵽ߣŮֱָ̧һ˲ͼǴһ£ȻŤͷöݺݵĿҡ
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ұһȭ£һȭͷȥȻǶѪ˿ɾȻʹûоһʱѾ˹ûõģЩ˻ιȥˣ
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һڣҸϽֳпſڻЦŮɨ˹ȥ͵һѵеӲǽԴ
ʱ־ҽȥ￭׳û￭ͱЩ˶˳ֲܣ»ΪԼĹϵ޹˱ˣֻ׳Щ˲һ죬ô·ûˣŸϽ˻
Ҹ绰Ϊʲôͨ
绰ѾǴˣҪ֪ͨˣʵڲ֪ôԸǣһ˺˦ֻܰһæ취
취а취
˲ԺһϽֳסЩ׷ɱߵ磬죡ȻЩ˶ǿżǾ跨ʩߣ
һ⻰ȻӦһ֮ʹܵεǰ̧־ԴңԾ治ɫȭͷźķʱε徹ȻѾƮҶһɶ˿ųջȥָ첲һ㣬һŰ壬һ˲ꡱһſڵʵľŰѾԼſ͸һ˲ȥ
Ϊֱ̫Űŵóһûȶ㿪ѾŰ˸ţͨһͱ桭


363 
һ£ҲѾһͷײ˹ȥɺŵһıһһֻѾ˲ͷϡ
ײŰҪɱͻȻһԴ˲һ£վʱѾɷŸ첲˹ȥ
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ʱٿոջĴһɱ׷ҡһȺ׷׷ܣһƾշеŰ׷磬ǽһҡ
СȻҪæ⣬ڰֹЩ׷ɱ˾Ѿ˲ˣ±һ羹Ȼ׷ɱҲˣվһֻҰͳ˹ȥҪæ
ƺѾȫʧȥǣҰצһͨ۶ûһȭͷҰкһͨ
һ±˳ȥ֮ǰŰײڵصɵվ֮ǰײõź棬ûη֣ͻȻһλεĺ棬λͷһ󷢵ʱס
ɵû̧һָ׷磬ʱһŭ𣺡öͦ԰ǲ
˵ŻɵӾǰ壬ɹΰǵˣΪҪȥæһ°ͰҪɵӸ˵ϡ
һɵӿûɣһվȼֵۺҲƲҲƲɽ
Ϊ±ɵһվһƾͳк˹ȥεĶܿ죬Ķܴõθմİ¶㿪ָݺݵشĶϣһһָԱһ˵ˣɵӿ϶Ҳⲻ˱׷ɱ³ˡ
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ҿʱһ£Լס̵һ˵ôأͷ׷û
ұ׷ɱʱ仰ʱ͡⡱һһ£ϸһĥõһл֮ǰͷһ
ǵõʱǸϰСͷҧ24СʱڶʱЩ׷ƨɺֱײѳ͸׷Ű塢׷Լ׷ŰһȺһ
򵥵˵صǽЩ׷ɱ߱ĳεĿ꣬ΧһЩΪ׷һĿġˡﵽĿģЩˡͻ᲻ͣ׷ȥֱɱĿΪֹ
һ뵽ëС֮ǰ˵һǵ˵ɲֹձħԼйĵһһֱо뽫ħһ壬ɵͽܣѵ˵ʹõЩзĳɼ
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˵Żɵ˸첲οɻˣҲĥأΪʲôԼôɵϾȻȫЧ
⹦ĶʱЩûõģۿɵӾҪ֣ŵϽܣܣɵӾں׷ѾͷȻӰҲСȵĶܱɵǶԴӸ찡ɵץס׸˵ϡ
˵үǶһҰĻϱЩȱȫɵ˳
ֻɵӰεԴذײһײһ֡
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ιȥǰӣȻſڴꡱһ֮ǰӦȥɵӵŰ͸Ӧٶһڶɵӵĺ˹
ɸûŰĵɵӵأѾŰ˹ȥһΣǷڿеŰ̡žડһˤ˵ϣžͼ׷ŰһȺ󺺡׷Լ׷Űȫͣ۵áͨͨش˴
һеһϲ˵ԭεɵҲЧɵӷӦٶۣû뵽ʩϵҲųٶ
ôһ˵ɵӿȻûãҪԸһˣþͳǵ
ʱѾ̱ڵϵַʵ֣û°ɣ
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׳ʱѾε˵ˣǵĿꡭС㡭
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һ⻰СȫʧɫȻϵɵӺɶץϱɶ˭ǲ


364 һ˫
ұ죡
СɵһۣŵɵӸϽ죬ʱСֳŰʵʦ֣ץ
ԤԣëýǵԤԡ
ʱüͷ˵Ҳֻǵʱ˵˼䣬ô»µ취˿ŮС
˵ɨ˻ûѵһۣʵѲҲɵϻһһ͵ء
С㷢֮Ͻס֣ɵ֣ͣҽСеһ˵С㣬ܲܰҸæ
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Ȱλʱ£һ𡣡
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СüͷһʣûһشأѾ˴𰸣ʱһ۾һ˵ȶ̵ģҿ׹̵ˣȻվ׹һģΪʲôҪأ
С㣬һ·ɵ˶ʲôҲˣʵ޹ʲô︮׹̣غĽаɾȻձħִصľʲôͬѵҪվһ
һ仰С˳Ĭһ֮С̾˿ӦҵҪ
һСӦһϾɵȻɵǸ֮ǰǶСƴӡ
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˵꣬Ů̵һۣűͷȥҧ˵㲻Ȱˣʲô˵ģ
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κݺݵëһۣû˵
ǺǣòΪҪĻɣٸһ㣬һ׹̽ʦдձĳ룬ǴӦȫ֧ˡԼʵжȫϣΪʦҲ׹£һҪ׹̽ССץȥԲԣ
ë⻰ڣεɫʱһ䣬ɻû˵
ëһѾͷӲһߣȻһ˦֣һ׷ѾһԵǽ˦˹ȥ׷ǽϵ˲һ׵˹ǽϵһѱըʱëҲһΣৡһͲǰĵذϡ
ҪʸǲǣҰ׼ˣʱ·
ëôһ˵εĺˣҲŵɷףŽĬһ֮Ȼһۣɨëһ˵ձˣʸõģãòߡ
һ˵ֻǲﲻסЦҲԾصͷ
ëһߣһó۶̫ʦϣֳʵСѾͷƾĵҲװһȻ㻹Զأ㣬ǲҲڴ507ǻʵ⣿
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λ˵һ룬ͼëһ֣һŻֽѾڴ˳ŵλһϽĿ˵ң֪֪һֱ֮⻷·Աиңҵʦַﱾ￭ص
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δֻ֪ܵ䣬鱨￭ĵܵ507LHʵеĺ׹Ҫõǣ￭ȴҧؾǲ˵
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⻰ڣҶʱôЦεصͷĬһ˵Ϊ￭Ըϣҵʦֻܽʱ߹ѺԱڳ׳壬ҳû
˵ŻɨҺСһۣȻְ̾˿˵ԭΪǵúһһʱϵ׳ȥ￭û뵽ȵȴֻһˡ


365 
ȻѾ֪￭λãҲٶൢˣһ£￭ķﱾֶʲô֮󣬸ϽëСĹȰιؽ˷Щġ
ʱ±ӵ߹Զӧ˵ǣҪȥĻҪҰǿŰɡ
һ룬⵹Ǹð취Ͼȱ֮ʣǸϽл˳±һ£ֳСٺЦС㣬ҲȰȰɵвУ
СʣȰɶ
Ȱ㣬ˡ
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˼£硢ԼëС˸Ͻ˳ֱ˵ĽϾɳ
ҹ·ϻûˣͨ裬жʮӵĹѾ˵⻷һ֮󣬹Ȼͼ·߲ԶһƾɵĹ΢΢ĵƹȻ￭Ѻĵط
ǷԶĵطǾ˳ѳ·߲غ֮󣬴Ҿǰ
˷ſڴҽҹɫθϽϸϸشһﾲĵģûκε죬ƺҲûκεĿء
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һҸϽսŷ쳯ȥƹ谵ǿɳ˶ѵϵǵľֽ֮⣬ȴûκεô£ѵ˵ˣ
ҺʱȴȻԱһ˵Сǲǹĵ㣿
⻰ҸһϽ˵ôҲˣ
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ĶԻһëСȤǸϽʵȷʵ
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ʱͼëһüͷ˵ɾˣҵĵȻߣʲôԾĵطӦұȲŶԣΪʲôȴʲôûԼȴ
˵ͼëɫԽ˵Ż̿ʼµĵϸ
ʲôأ
˵ŻֻͳȴëֹסǡҪ֡ͼëڵϸϸһӣ̧ʱѾһĴָһСĺںĶ
ŷ촦ĵƹһһɫĶʯдģձ֡
ǰʦĽ硭
ëһüǶʯϸоһ֮󣬺Ȼֿʼڵһ֮һ̧֣ͬĶʯѾֶ˼ţЩʯͷȻС״޹򣬵Ǻںģ˲Ӱ֮кѱ˷ϡ
˼ǷﱾĹЩʯͷʲôô
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˵ëĶʯڵһͣȻͳ˼Сƿֱݸǡ
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ëôЩ⣬ûˣ⵽ʲôأ
һëѾȥˣһѧҲʼС꣬ȻҵͷſڵһɲǣߺȻˡһ죬һеǰһһѪܵǰֱ㶵ضҿ
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գŰŮǸûȷѾǼйץĵٶȲƤ⣬ؿɱ
Ѫɵĳһ㵣ЩŮҲ湻ùģʱȻܰȵͶ̥תȻ
һ棬ҲΪʲô¶ſڻ᲼һ޷ʩչĽˣǲΪ˷ֹңΪ˷ֹЩŮ÷ߣҲ濴ЩˣܵЩŮʹະУԼǱӴܡ
ǶˣʱͼëҲѾñɫüͷݺݵ˵ЩĵӿʱһԹ޷ȥͶ̥תΪ˱˼侹ȻְϷйԹޣֱݣ
ʱͬ¶ɫذʵǣЩΪʲôҪߣ
⻹𣿵Ȼ±˸ϳ
úݺҧҧأˣֶݺ˵ʼʱ˵Ƕһû룬ʱҾ;еϤû뵽
磬ҸϽ˵
˵ͷ˵ҿҹǰ죬ȷʵȥһֵطġʽ񣬵ǹˡ
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ǵģⶫ̬ȹ£
ҼǵãǵطҲֳŮ˾ǹǰŮ˶ЩŮ˶滨˴ǮС㣬Щ˵˶濴ĿˣֻҪǮֻҪϳǮͿԽȥμϷǸһ߽ȥԣֻҪκŮ˱ץסͿ԰
ôʡ
ʱͼɨ˰һۣ˵Ѿ˵ˣЩŮ˶Ǵ滨ǮС㣬˵ô
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翴ȥˣһҧ˵˵ϷɲộЩȻɱ̫ˡ
绰˵꣬Ȼвŵӵ˵⣬ĹأνǿʳַЩ»ҰǰĲйʱ۵ԹҲΪ˰ԹͶ̥
˻һڣëһЦ˵˵һЩձʦİɣ
ǣǱϰҵġ˸Ͻش˵
ǺǣҲֻЩ̬ձˣóֱ̬ĳȷ


371 ƶȶ
ĻΪ𾪡
Ϸʲô˼˵˻۾׽ԲأЩǮҲãǮҲգ׿鵽ʲô̶ȲŻûμֻ
һûȰ⻰ʳأһһﱻ۵ġߡѾӵһ
öֿ˻ˣŴﻹûܣ͵һѾ߬סݺһ˩ŲӵŮûܣȻݺקһͷ
ܣܣ
й˳˹ȥ͵һžͲŮԴϣЦ˵ǰŮƭһУȻˣеŮ˶Ҫǣǣ
˵ѾŮͱ˼£ŮӣеĹжӵĶȥƴҲƴɷйֻܵ
ʱеĹ»Ұʱƴĺɱɱɱ
Ů˻סƴظŻȣ˶޶ԣʱǸ߬ЦйѾһѾͱסѾ˺۵Ů
ͻŵǸŮƴԽǽгġڡЦԽڵѡҲƺѾ˶㣬µĹͰŮϴбŵĶ˺ƬЦѹס
˰ɣĿ
ëؽҪϵϣ˫Ѿ˾
ҲãҲգ˼䣬ǵֶǶ
ǰҲˣҲٲµԵʰɣ̫ˣ۾׽Բصʲô˼
ǺǣȻЩǰֽԵǮˡԹı̬˵Ϸ˴̼в׽ͳĿУΪǴ޵ռͼ顣
±סòΡΣôĿ֮ǰΪ֮µļͲЩƽʱ޷ܵĴ̼Ϳ֣Ǿ
ץ˺ܿѾŮϵȫϣѪпʼĥԼಶµĲι߸Ƕƴźⳡ漸籭Ҫм顭
ܿ죬ŮѾĥϵıҲʹɾִӾľʣգ˵ĿЦлΪɢУɢҧ˵ǵһμ
ŮŸոɢһ󼤵ϽǽѾͻȻ
ʤѷ֣ϲλԳɹʧܸյĲҲ벻Ҫ٣õںء
Ⱥ⼸ͷɥʤߺ񡱵Ĺ˷ܵź
ҿǱֺʲôģһӷ׵ƺ󲿷ֶЩ˵꣬ضЩǰѹֵĻ쵰ɡ
źУոճɹˡйȻ˸һɫĹٶȴ˼غ
λϲԹѽ⣬޿αٲ䣿ȥɣȥȥĵطͶ̥תúˡ
ллллǣллǣ
й֣ȻѾмؿǷ̣Ϊ˶ȻôһֻҪϣһڷŮΪֲۣö˵ձǸŮûκελĹңֹŮˣԭŮﶼ˵΢
ҺȻڰ޵ҶһƶȣȣиĶȷЩձʦûָġ
кܿ촫ʾһʼЩΧ۵ĹҲֿʼһҡ֮һЩµĲѾȿֺ˳Ҳʼ߬ŴѴѵڤǮȥΪϲĲѺעĸ߻յʤ
ëٶЦɵظпаУӹȻʮǰôãֻϧô˵ط
Ϊʲôô˵ʵ
ë˵㻹ûҪЩ»ҰѼ鱨ΪԼЧΪ۾ҪкܶǮڤֽΪ֧Ӷ֧Щ»ҰϢԼճӦãϾֵطǮ޷ͨģΨһֻͨڤҡֵ¶ĲǴڤҵԴЩӹ׬Ǯȥ֧ϢãӶȡø桭
Ҳ˵ùǮƭùȹ
ûˣܿ°ɡ
ë˵꣬𾪵ص˵ͷ
ʱֺȻֹͣһֵıѾʼͼΪЧĹ»ҰǿнͬŴTŮ֮Уһ߸ŮҵĿһʱ˲侪õһ
̹ǲ̹𣿡
һϳǿ̨ϵһŮ
Ȼ̹ȹù֮һ̹
ôһ˵Ҳ𾪵˹ȥëʱѾһսӦȥͶ̥ת˲Ŷ԰Ϊʲôᡭ
û˵꣬ëѻȻ־ѵЩʦнĻǣЩ쵰
˵Ĺ̹ѾЩ»ҰͶУĻһ¾ðˣ̾ȥˣëȴһקסǱ嶯ڴҶò˵ȥҲ
ӵšžһرգڼУֿʼ
ʱͼɫŵ̹ҲѾȺһǣŵ˫˸һ˿ϲ볯˹ֱܿӱסͨһˤ˵ϡ
ҿڶźʲô̫Զȴ
ʱһԼٵ˵ˣ˵õĻǣҲн


372 η
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һ
һڣиǼû𼱻ǵģѵ˵Ѿ֮սսȹͳüĻǣҲ
ͷҲͷһץסǸǽ˾ʵ˵˶Ķ
󣬺ΣйѺ˶С
˵ųһָȻ̨¶һȽյĴſء
˵꣬ҸϽв˹ȥ仰Ĺ֧˿ŵǴ˽ȥ
һ谵ȣȥ֮һ·ǰߣȵľͷ¶һ֮ëִ˻صȳǰţ˽룬硢һ֮󣬸ѡһž˽ȥ׼ͷж
Ⱥҵ֮ҲСмŴ˿һһɶ̾ͳӭ˹ǼС
Ҷʱһ㶣ԭ¶ﻹйνġȻǹ»Ұ֮ŰɱϷôЩֶʲôõģ
ĵƹĵܿûҸϽ˽ȥſһСͲֿһſ߰úڲŵӣÿӶǷ佨ʹģӺǽڣֱӱˮǽ쳣δӱ߻ƶ
ƿһϵĺڲһһֻڵĶţȮ޾ɵģϺͷк̺ۣܶǼƿ֮жûһ
ע⵽Ĳ˩һҸ첲ֵһͷ˩ϡ
ҵ֪ЩӦǸõģ˼ĶΪЩĶøͣƽʱһֺܴܳԱЩڶϰսʤ
ЩҸǺˣط˿صʦǹʲôȡڹѪ£ֲǺڹ
һʱҲϸ룬δֻҽУҸϽѺڲϣƿԱһϵĺڲȻŵĶǹ˴󲿷ֶţȮ֮⻹е¹Ȯ֮ģҶǻĹЩ»ҰһĹꡣ
ƿϵĺڲ֮Щʧûзּһһǰߣһһϵĺڲƿ֮ҵһŵĲǹһѪˡ
ѪȻϺͷ֮ǰܹػʱѾܶˣ۾һֱݺݵţſ΢΢Եú΢ˡ
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￭Ȼƺأʱһ۾ϳֳһ˿Ц˵ССˡ
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⻰￭ᶨصͷһ˲ҺȻоԼЩǰ˵һ仰Сɷ𡱣û뵽죬汻һһͨ
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ӹ￭֮ҸϽԱߵһӣûȰѺڲƿأﴫһ΢ؿ
ҸϽƿڲһǽǴģǳȹ⡭
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Ҵ˽ȥʱȹҲѾȵվһͷײҵĻ
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373 ˵Ĺ
ȻأأأΪʲôû
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ȹֿǰֱץ˳ȥǣҲûлѾɢˡ
ȹ§ңѾ޵ˡ
СȾ̹ɣҲȥˣġ
ȹ⣬żأء
һ߰οһ߽˳ȥּƿΧϵĺڲжûС
ƿһװǹƿһǹƿһǹƿһأƿһǹƿһǹ
ЩĻ䣬ηѾûˣǡ
Ȼᡭ
صӵľ룬һúݺһžϡ
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þò
ȷʵѾþòˣͼһ߳һ߳Ұ֣һʱҵЩûӦ
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ǣ˵ô㲻ڹɽʧ𣿡
һ󾪽Уȴգ۾̹Ȼ˵ʵҲ֪զ£ǰǼձ˾ңȻͰҸصˡ
ձˣ
ԣһˣֽʲôһҹһɻɵġ
ɣҾʵ
ԶԶԣɣ
ǡ㡭ôҲϵһ𣿡
Ҳ֪ҸɶѽóԺúźţ̳ء
˵Żֿʼ̵ͷǽһ
˵еԽܣǧٸ޷˵ͨʣһǸϽѹӵĹҹҲժѺ˳˵Ͻߣô۳ȥ˵
˵ŻҪܹȥȳȹ￭ɾʱһ˵ȴȻſڴԽԽ˵»ˣ϶˹ˣëأôҲû֪ͨһ
һʱҲû˼ˣϽ취ʱں溰Сûˣ
һͷһͼѾҺһӵţΪźڲĹϵʲôҲȻûκζܳҲϸˣϽѹ￭ͳȹϵĺڲַһִƿһĺڲֻһ϶Ա۲Ρ
ͼ֡˴ҡ˽˳һģһ˫̥ΨһͬһһСӣһûҲ֪Ӧþɵͽܣﱾˡ
Ҳ˹ˣⲻĻȻ˫̥Ϊʲôգ
ûôأѾҴҵس￭ųȹӣʼ˵˻ǻȻӦǺܼꡣ
һƿڲѪܵ￭һƺһһ֮󣬺Ȼù˵ñʲôߵĴ㣬Ѿʰˣٺ١˵ܵܵ䣬һ㶼뿪ط
һ⻰ˣԭǵĿҲǴ￭еõܵ䣬һҳһëС濪ţѵѾǸʰˣëʵôأ
תһ룬ȷʵҲûܵ飬ëȻ֮и޷ʩչѲձʹʲôıƣ
￭Ȼ£ձƺҲѾģתߣʱȻ͸оںִҵļϣһѵ˵֣ǻûء
˵ŻոյȥһΰסңۿձѾţһְѺֵ˵Ҷ˵˱ֱ֣˵в
˵ŻҸϽϺڲһƿ˵㣬注࣬Źһͷһһʱ䣬ˡһ˲סͼĸǺ磬ĺΡΡӽŵˡ
硭⡭ǡ
ҲΡΡֹһطˣҺģһӴĿתҵĺɫȮ
˵ȮǹͼֱøµСţƵģңԴ
ͷȮ
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Ȯмͷϵ۾ݺݵضҿŵöҶˣ΢һȮͻᳯҷ𹥻ŵɫ԰ףѾˡ
֪ôźʱȻͼ˿ĭսս˵ֵ֣ܣҸ¶вС
ʲôʱˣ㻹˼
ҵһۣĶ֪սս˵Сû˵Ǹ˵ء
вĶöĻ
һճڣȴû뵽ͷȮȻѾ˿ڣ˭˵
ǻȻһֻɤ﷢ҸǾõһҲŵóˣ˵ɲ
Һͺ綼סȮɨǼ֮󣬺Ȼ˵ԣɵͬƱزǻҪǵʲôˣ
㣬ȱʲôˡ
ǿѹſ־սս˵ȸǣʲôˣʲô
˵ʱȻͼǹԴ𽥿ʼһ£ѹûõĹٿʱͷѾϳһ
칷


374 칷
죬칷
Һͺ羪ʱǹȻѾʼŤ仯ϵƤԽԽ죬һŹȻŤһϵëҲڽˣûӵĹѾ˺ͳ˲״СȻ̧ѾֵצסӼһ˵ϣѾͬƥŵһóġ
ҴʧɫϽʣ㣬òҲɴձħɣ
µûձһֻ칷ҵļҡ
칷ϵٶȴ
ǵǻǼǰħ˵׽ҵ˸Ͼɱδ⵽ǱϷ˵ĻϣƯձӴձ˼֮áɺձħʦʦҲ𣬽ʱǴŰɱǵ廹䵽³ֻʣһû뵽̤ԼĹҪƬϴѿ֦ɢҶԼȥ
˵ֻʣԼ
üͷһ㵣Ͻʣ֮ǰձʦʽ֮ٻͬడ
ҵͬࣿôܻͬأ
˵칷Ȼһ㶣˵˵ǸˣǲɵĵӣǸйˣС˳
ûϵ
ϵãҺ޲һҧ
칷ıȻֱ׺ݺ˵ɶһֱоħںϣЩ׽סʵ飬ͨǵѪ룬ɹһħֲԼЩͽܵϣǸС˳ʹõģҵЩ칷ǻþѣ칷һӰ֮
ôϲʶһŮΣ
ôһʣ칷ֵ˵ͷ˵ҵȻϵãɵĵϤӵͷ
Ȼ칷Ļ֮ǰһ
ʱҲԱӵʵ칷ΪʲôҲ˵ǲӦð͵ĳȥ治𣿡
ǻҪң˵ѾõҵﱾֵܻҵһԼİٹ
ʲô
Ȯ񡣡
칷ǰٹ֮顢Ȯ֮ΧŵЩȮ
ǣЩʲô;
񣬸һ˫ܶϤ۾ҷٹͨﹷҲˣеʱʲôûȴͻȻͲֹĳ˵ڰϸණѾ
ЩձЩ
һ칷̵˵ͷ˵¶ˣЩȮѵأѹٹ֮ãֻҪ粻˲ķﱾֵ֮⣬ûκʩչжңﱾͻųȮָӶȮЩµĶҧûɢ
Ҳ˵Щģʡ
칷˵ͷѾ˵ˣΪȮ֮ĹҪҵָӡ
˵칷̾˿ĿҲ
ʵ£ֻǡ޷ѣһ֮Уﱾ񡭡
칷ܰأԸԸǵæ
һһڣ칷סȻ̾˿˵ûõģжﱾֵܣôң
㲻öܣҾһ仰ܾȥԸԸң
ȻϤ칷ᶨ˵
˵ʱȻһѾ洫˽ҸϽְѺڲ£ĶĶ
һֻ߽Ϊﱾ﹤Ĺ»Ұһη̳Źųȹ˹ȥ
ȡϵĹҹ֮˴ҡڵ߽ѳȹӵϺݺקȹ⿪ʼֻйĶ֣һĹͱֻйЦųֽŴ˳ȥ
һϽչС˵Сô죿
ȱ𼱣ȱ𼱡
ȻҵҲѾ𼱻ǵˣǾοź磬Ϊһʱĳ嶯ͻ˴¡
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ٺ٣⻹𣿵Ȼϳ
һйЦȻոǳѾˡ
һ⻰ȹ̾ʵ̹أ̹
İɣȻϰ˵ˣѾûʲô;ˣԾͲϢˣμһıܴӽȫıٺ٣Ǿˡ
й˵ŽȹקϳηһߣŸϽ˳ȥ칷һָϽ˵С취ɣȻǶˣ
˵ˣȱżСҴıа취
һĬֳź칷˵ҽһ񣬺úõչ￭ȳȥ칷
칷е֮Сֹ˼仰һ䣬칷̵һȷҪôɲģ
Ѿûİ취ˣ֮ҪͰˣ
ȻѾˣǡǺðɣԼСġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ŻԳ嵽ηſڣСشһŷ⿴ȥ޳ѾһˣʱȻͼбƺҲ޵ضһ£˵ķȲ󣬿һҲƿһС죬Ŵ¶һֻ۾ʼ⿴
ǷﱾˣȻô͵͵ģ֮ǰе磬Ҽǵá
һ뵽ҸϽ̽Եѹ磬𣿡


375 뻢Ѩ
һһڣɨҿ̳ҵķ˹ŷִһ¶˰
ֵܣѽ
ҵһľϲҸϽҲ˳ȥ˵Ǳôˣʲôû
УηʮŮƺϳ̣ԭֱӶȳģɸҪ־ͳ¡
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㻹֪ëаѾץˡ
绰һڣҶʱֵһ
ž˵ұҲ֪ʱﱾʱҸҪųȥһͱǷˣڼʱ͵͵һѾǵˣһôС㿴Ǹɶ
˵ŻȥٳʱﾹȻһɫĶʯǶʯһͨ͸ʯֱһңɫȥҲܹ⻬ʯмںģƺʲô
ʱ˵ⶫҲһ棬滹ŵ䡭
أ
һʣ¼˵Ӱ£˺ˣѺŵЩŮ˵Ƿﱾƺܿⶫÿ춼нȥ鼸Σ⵽ǸʲôҲ֪˵᲻Ǹ
˵Žʯͷڵϣֺݺ£ְѶȥ͸ǲ͸һƲƲ˵ʲôûа
ȱⶫʲôȻŷ䣬ֱֵط϶ʲô򵥶ţͷо
һһ˵꣬ϽʵǺãСô죿
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һֵġûʽʼҳų̋˹ȥҪѾ̹ͳȹ⣬ǿ϶Ǹð취ôõķɾԼˡ
˲ļǮֱ֮һǮ˱̨ϣżһʬйҲûɣǮ͸һѡƺһͷףҵӺȥ򳡡
δⱻ˷ֲԣȰͷ״ϣߵӺڴʱһйӹĺƣһӦĺTңԱϳ󹩳µע
TҳΧһҲһĶѾ·ѾĳˣֻϳȥŰɱйһء
ʱ򣬺Ȼ㲥ִ˵ãһֵıϼʼΪһѾһֻﱻԵʣһУµĺǳ
˻һڣͼ»ҰѾһСŮӺ˳Ů磬ҵͷס˴СȹĽСɰΨ·ЩŤ󣬵˾ЩȻˡ
קŮ̧ͷҳɵˡ
Ůõǻ治ŨױĨһ˫۾ض̨µĹڷŵ㣬ô۵׸Щ죬ϸһѽǲǺ
˲䵹һԭںչ˳¿ģôˣ
ʱѾɨһۣתʱһ̧֣ҵķȻһOKƣƺҷġ
ܷĵ
ϸһ룬϶ҲǲңԲ취һˣ⵽ǳ뻯һǮûûû뵽ͻҶ
ʱǰȻһڣںĹ»ҰѾúҵ۾


376 Ȱٹ
Ȼˣ͸о˴Ҳסң
ԭΪǰѾ׼̹ͳȹ˵λãʱֻҪֱӱǵλȥͿ϶ܵһץס֮еһȻ˳¾ͻҵʤ취ǾȳȥҲ١
û뵽Ǹһϳǽǹ»ҰѾŻͲ˵ã֮ǰһΪȷĹƽԣλԭתʮȦǻר˼ʮȦתʽ붷ڣ
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˵ؿˣֻ֮ǰûؿκһֱҪתˣתʮȦذĿ϶ֲһôˣ
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Ҿж̹ȹڵǽкֵĸʲô
ʱȴͻȻһϤС̹ߣ
˵Ǻ磬˵ʱװŻԽҵĻµƺûʶϷһץ˺ٰŮʼƴźɱ
ԽһĻᣬװʱ̧ø첲ҵײ죬߻Ȼʣ˳϶ڵˡ
ּװһ˳ȥ̫ƴšҪҪľͳԶȥ
ӹ̫ˣմһܳȥȻ̾ײһйĻһѾͱǶЦ§ס
Ƕҿɲһô֪ǸٰŮǶѺ統ƯŮˣһֻ§סһֻ̿ʼؿ統ȻҲɵ֪ԼӲлñ
ŵϽñס˫߬סǶ󣬵ﻹѧŮ˵ĿϽεεĺŲҪԱֱġ
ԽǺǶԽȤϾôļǮ̨Ϊľִֻ̼ѣȻôõĻᡣ
ʱ̨µĹҲֿʼƴΪǸ§źĶź
ұȥģɺһҲ˭ܶԸ˵ģʱȫҲͰˣϽֳ̹ڵλüװһ˹ȥ֮Ⱦһ˵ɣ
̹ˣȻһһϷвһΪҴͷ׵ĹϵҲϲۿҾҪʱŵϽԱ߶˿ûʱأȻһǳȹΪ˾̹ѾԱײ˹ݺһ¾Ͱײ˵ϡ
ʱͼһĶѾ˹ȥ˶üʱǶžһһͷײդϣ̹ͳȹ˹ȥ
˻ûץҸϽվֳ˱ƽδⱻ̨µЩ»ҰԼܿõֻܾѶŵúᣬɾʱһԱĶȻ˹ʺˣһѾ߬˳ȹⲱڵ
һϲûֹѾץݺһקһҽУ̽ȹ⡰ͨһקڵء
ȹʧɫϽҪǰûõĹѾǶקߡ
קסĳȹһ̱ڵأ˳һδȹٶѣȻֱԼѹסһ߷˺ųȹ·һ߶ݺݵؽҾҪӮˣҾҪӮˣҿܣ
ȹŵһУʱ̹ҲѼѵǶȥҪȳȹ⣬Լƴǻضһײû£Լȴǵ˵ϡ
ֻһ㶵Ĺû̹أһֻѾ壬˲ЦŽҲѹס
һͷһ磬ڱ֮ǰסǸ޷ںһǶһʱҲûޣһȹ̹ȻѾͷѹסȹĶ˺˳ȹ·֮ӵѾһѵһ˦ʣ볯ųȹĶϵȥ
˵ȥɲˣҲװˣһǰ壬ץסǶͬʱ˳־Ͱĵ˹ûȶӦأȷһĺ
ƺʦķܹ˹⵶һûǶĺӶʱһȻšءһըɢһŰɢУʱһЩΧ۵Ŀǣȫɵۣʱѻȸ˶û̵λǮȥйġүȻɱ
Ҷ֣統ȻҲẬˣһˤǲסԼĶˤڵأһڵϳ˸׶ҧһǶؿͱʮۣžֵؼǶҲɢ٣˸ҷ³
磬Ůǣ
˵Żҽϵͷ׺һȥһԭңȹ̹ʱϲ֣ʱĺҲѾݺݵؿʼеλүɱˡ
ӵѾ˴סЩйĶǺűӣȴ޴ӡ
һʱ䣬ƺҲͽʴȡԺЩйԹĹΪۿ
̨˶ûȷӦأѾһһֻ߬ŵ̨ЩһָݺЩɥĻ쵰һӲ졭үүҪȰٹ
⻰һڣȻһعѾ̨дţͼһȮѾŶһſڣʱŴλҰȥ


377 
ʮֻ̨µĶ˲ʧء
칷֮ǰ˵йܸоĴڣȻҲ¹ЩһУŵðٹǱӴܣһˣҽǱأһҧһȥ˲仯̻ҷ𡭡
һĹ򣬰عǺʮֻѾȻ޴档
ЩȻҲäĿĺҹȺ˳ʱѺŵŮҲں˳Щǵкöƺڱһ
ڷﱾĶǵȻЩŮߣɸϳ壬ѾΪ˶ȮǵĿ
ʱһȺҲѾǲӴ˿ԸҵȻǽģҪ߬ŵȥסǣѾּۿһ嵽ſڣһȭһֱӰҪĶ˵ϣŻͷһźС㱣ȹ̹ȥ￭
Сӻûҽһ
ŴĶûӿһʹ˳ȥȾ壬һҪҲϽ׷˹ȥɻвٶſڣһצҪ
Ҳò˵ǰѶ̵ΨһľԷô»ҰҪӲƴĻ϶ǵĶ֣ҲֻǿӲˡ
ɾʱȻһǺ֮ǰȴŵĹȺģˡ
ûŪôأ֮ǰȥ׷Щ»ҰѾȫײײŶǸһ̡ɡһӰһ˵ڵأϸһȻǺѾΪͷȮ칷ϣϻúڲ˺ɵӰŸˡ￭
СĪ£ϺҲ
Ҳ֪ĶӣŹӾǰһֱײµͷȮҲҧԴѪڣһȥֻѾȻ޴棬һʱΪ˻ȼü֮
칷ĳ֣ΧɱһȺȮƴǣһɫɫĶȮҧǣͬͻɽһʱŵнһûҧûɢĹ»ҰǷ׷׳ųȵķ˹ȥССĶһݵôĶܵĶҵĹȺڽ¡ȵ嶼ΣеıҧһʱҽصŲڶ
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濴ϽҺһ˵СĽƺЩʯͷ޹أҽⲻ
绰û䣬Ȼžߴһһ޴ɫѾȻı
ϽعͷȥɸһͷûȿأǶѾ͵ǰһˣͽײ̨ףһҲѾϵǶȻǸֱһװ˶Ĵ򡭡
һײҲ˳̨׾͹ۿžҪѹʱŵϽЩĶǶùһУ˲ɢһըɢỊ̇ѾǱش˳һҲѾѹж֮ǰͣʼҵز
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һҲѾ֣ԸԲǿһĹȻô
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ҲǣʦԼЩʦֵȫȻ˶ĵķȶΪħѾȥˡǵУֱ˷ָ
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378 
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شǵȻҲǻǵܻЩԹޣǴ󹫵£Щ޵λСŮһĳɾ͡
ȥүİɣ޵λձŮܶ죡
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칷˵ŻͼǴѾͻȻǹ˹ŵôҸϽӴܣͷһֻǴ֮أڵϵӺѾȫ˽ȥֻʣ¹⻪ĵذשʣµжȻ޴桭
ҾһϽ칷ʵ칷Ǹʲôֲֲܴôѽ
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ҸϽʣʻʱѾ͵˹ڵϣоգһܳԶĹ֮¶˹ȥ
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һʱҳͷֻ칷˵ֻҪûзԼڽսм޵еģΪŲ磬һֻʹ÷˹ȴֻܶˡ
˵ЩձʦĽ֮ǲ򵥡
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칷˵ȻһԴ
а취ˣȻнǶȥ򲻾ͺˣ
˵Żڵ̨ϳ壬ûȳȥԶأȻѾһҽ˳̨׹
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칷˵ʱȻͼ΢΢ЦķӺȻһΣᡱһ£ٳʱѾ칷ǰˣû칷Ӧ͵һͷײ칷ϣ칷ײڵصͬʱϵĺ￭ҲϷȥ
ʱ׼ʱͳ˹ȥƲãմӵһͷͳײ˹ȥ
ȥүģֵܣ
һײӴ̳˹ȥΪҵײһҲѾȫ˵ĶһҲڲϱȥ
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ҾһϽȥץ֣һ˵ĶһѾࡱһȫûУʧ
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类˽ȥֱӾײ칷ȴںһڵסҵĸ첲һԴдûõģ˵ƺһռ䣬Բ˶ٵĶŴĶӣҲܱȳ
˼ǡⶫĶǸ磿
һʣ칷˵ͷ˵ɣ֮սȥˣԸų򼸺ûȵġ
Ҳδأ
˵ŻҺݺüͷֳ칷˵칷鷳չֵܣһزǧҪ뿪
㣬
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칷ľҶѾࡱһǰһڣ˵
оǱһ㺣һЩϢ
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СֵܣСֵܡ
ʱСƵѾԺ֮д
Сƣһֱû˵һΪѾ
˵һ룬̲ס˸Ƿ˵һΪ˯ء
Ҳ˯ˣڸոǸ޷


379 ļ
޷ʲô˼
һʣСƵִд岢Һǧ굤ҺֻǽѣҪжȻҲ൱һַոڵﲼзӡĽ磬Һȫ˳˯״̬֪
С⻰͵һѵ˵ıҸˣ
칷˵˵֮лһռ䣬Ҳ˵ռǶģȻڽ֮Уǽռеһռ䣬룬˵ռ䲢ܵӰ졭
ҲѾץˣҾ㲻һҲŲ˶ãԾƹˤƴһΡ
ںͻС˵ʱҵѾԽԽģˣȻӦԴĳִ֮ĶĿҪսߣռ֮ʲô뷢
һԼҪŲסҸϽݺһԴСƣǿ쳳ңʹĳҺ˯źã
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СƺһֱסҵȻҲﶼЩʲôһҵĻ̿ʼ˻źĸһ𷢳ۡҽеͷʹѣֱ͸˽ƵģһȻҲЧҵͷԽ
Ϊ˽Чټǿһ£ֺݺݵԼֱҧһڣʹϮȻˣҸϽһ˦֣ѾڰеȼѪɫĻһգͼһѰӡһԼָĶ֮Ưţ磬ȫûκռһڰž߼ʡ
ҫҳΧһȻͼһӺ棬Ưһ׻ĶϸһȻѾ˳˯
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뵽ҸϽϸΧһ£ȻͼëСͰҲڲԶƾƯţȫ˻״̬Һ˼ǸǣȥѾȫʧأҲѾȫɥʧжˡ
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СƵһҲЩãˣž˵ˣƼΣ
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뵽ҸϽƽľۼڵ̧Ķ׼󷽣˲ءһһͻȻķǿҵ̳ŷƮ˹ȥ
дϲ̲סֺݺһԴ
СƣҪȻܽ︮д¼أСӿǸĴˣ
Ƽ֮İæҺܿƮ˰ԱߣּҲھԶĵطҽקһݺݵҡݺݵĽУɾǽвˣ˻΢غȻѾȻԵ״̬
ַ֮ѣ˵ܹͨƼ֮ƶˣվ֪ô뿪
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ΪģѪɫĹâֱʮԶңҽо˳ƺΪһӷų̫ĹϵµÿһؽڶʼʹƤⶼʼۣʹ𽥵ûõĹѾ۵ƺƤѾ˺ѵĵز
ҳΧһѪɫѾɢ˲ʮԶǿռȴɺ޾ͷڼǰ
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ҵ忪ʼΪʹҵزͷһ֮£ҵ˫Ѿʼ˺ѣһϸС˿Ѫܿ˳˿Ʈ˳һò˶ãͽϷų˺ѡ
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źȻһ󼱴ٵǴӿƮ
ôˣιôˣôˡ
ʱ䡱һѾǰһԶ֮кȻ˺ѿһ󶴣һǿ˲Ӷ˽ռڵʼҶ·ͻȻعһ磬ڿŰ֮£ǶѾԽԽ󣬽žͼΧط޾ڰ֮УҲѾ˺ѿһһȱڡ


380 ˱
ռԽԽǿûãǿѾײҡҰܿͽײǺں硣
ҡͨһڵϣվһڲԶǰҵŤϸѾǧٿס

һԷľУ𾪵Ŀ֮кȻءһһɣ׳˶ѾȻ޴棬գۼ䣬ըѪɫ˲ɢ
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˵ת壬Ҳ֪ǸȥˣʱëҲЦɨ˰һ˵һɺʦżԨԴСˣСӵʦɸŴƸˮݣʰøɡ
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΢΢һЦ˵Żǰһȫ˿ؽȻг
ߵǰ΢ЦųƤһ˵ǹƽ˰ɣҿЩձʦ׶ʲôֶΡ
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⻰βû䣬ӰѾȻһӰŰ˹ȥٶֱ֮ȻҲûϵôٶȣһʱѾһͷײؿϣ󵹷ɳʮ֮󣬡ͨһײǽϲͣ

һ򵹣ҽŵؽһȴЦվؿ֮󣬳ŷЦȣ԰ɣ
ֻ˵ĸ֣ɫȻ䡣
Դ˲ٶȿǿƣƾʱ䲻̡
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칷˵ʱϸŷ˫˹ȥͼȻƽʱվţȴ΢΢ſķԽԽ󡭡
Ȼһգ۵Ĺ򣬷һף͵ڵһţͬɳ۳ȥڵһ˲ҵ˰ǰٶֱ֮䲻ϸע⣬µĶ
һΰȴûûȷһͷײԼϣȻʼԼ˲˲̧˫ƳȰס˷ͷײʱͼĽʱʱڵĦһ£ƺڼٳۿžҪ˵ǽʱһ̵ֻסǽڣŽڷĲһԼѾӯڿն𣬶ͬһʱءһġͷһ¾ײǽȰԴٰγʱѾѣվվˡ
ûŷﻹûڶιܹȥһͨȭкж··ûȷﷴӦȵλѾ˶ʮ¡
˫һ˲ڵأּ佣ָѾĶͷϵȥзͷͬʱһһէ֣ͨһ͵ڵϳ鴤
ʱŵĪëСһ֮̾Ҽǵȷʵͻéɽ׻ɱԷΪʲôڡ
ҲëȣҶˣǰոհһУûͨ䣬ָ΢΢һָѾܲ׹ˡ


381 ˮа
Ҹոѧġ
𾪵ëС΢΢һЦëѾ˵ˣⲢ⣬˭ء
ʱѾ֮ǰֵǿֱһ׵ľ޴ʯ˳һ̳ë㿴ⶫʲôֵǮ
纰ʱûȴҳȥȻ¡һһҵضѾʯܵмµĵȻʧɫṳ̂ȥһͨһˮ
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ܿ죬ȥĵطΪģذѾʼΧһذשžȥ֮һˮѾ·¶˳˲䣬ߵ̨ʹѾдײˮУʱһѾһ޴ġӾءֻдΧʣֱһҵһȡ
һݣŵëǸϽϵȶ㣬ʱͨһεķ徹ȻѾһЦˮС
죡š
ˮĶϵöǿ޴ʯŻû׹óףϽ˫ֽʯгˮ棬˹ǡͨһոˮʧķѾȻˮֱ˳ֱһеķ㣬һͷײ硭
һҽгˮУɻûǽסʯѾڶˮһΣĿȻǿ鼴µʯ
ǵʥ
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ۿɷķҪһͷײڰϣΣͷҲ˲ϱˣԱʯͳŷԴ˹ȥ
ŵöʱһۿŰʯԼԴתȴѾˡ
Ҫǲǣ㣡
һ𣬽žžꡱһʯѾƫ˷ĺϣ˲һҽУȻֱҵáͨһˮͬһʱ䣬ҲˮУȴǿʯûзſ
ŷûٶȷ𹥻ʯͳ˹ɾʱȻǡһƺǴʯϴһϽѭͷȥȴոڷͷϵʯѾѿһѺۡ
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Ȼһˮ죬ˮѾˮһϲϽʹʱȴ
ȣҪˡ
ۿźһߺһˮڣë۶ֱˣûȻأȻһˮ죬ѾˮץźԴһߴһˮﰴЦΪɸʲôԸңԭֻѼӡ
⣬ôᡭ
һ˲䣬ëɫˣһѾȫˮУ˵ȿҲ˲ôˣϽֳ꿪ˮطˮˣ
ôһ˵ŷӦһ˾ʹܽˮˮֻ꣬Ƭ̵Ĺȴֲҽűһͷˮײ˳ͨһˤԱߣ˵аǹˮ̫ˣҸĶ֡
ȥ
վΪ֮ǰͷȣվȵʹˡ
վëȴѾסңһֻֿˮϡ
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382 ͽ

ҲŸһ£ëѾɷ˵üͷˮϵ˲һһˮһȻըɢĵ
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Сձʶʶүү
ҧۣһȭͬʱѾʹһС̸סһϽͷˮ꣬ô·ڣǲȥˮҲˮҲգһȭһȭ˸񫡭
ڰϿţͼҽ·һΣͼˤȥ粻ǸĹ缸ʮȭѾñˡ
ȻһˮУˮٶƽڰľսؿţŵһӵĹ򣬲żƽˮϺȻʼðݣѾͷķٶƿˮ˳绹ϲܺˣϽڴڵĴϢ
Ϊſ϶û뵽Ĭ֮󣬷Ưˮ룬ˡ
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ЦЦһ˵ʱ걻ģǱλҰץˣдһҲڼȻѾˣͲҪ˼ˣȥͶ̥ɣ±ӵ϶á
ҺٺЦţٿЩŮΪжίÿ޵øˡ


383 ʽ֮
Ƿ׷л˿ͷǵȰ˵һΪ׹ɢԹѽȥͶ̥ˡ
ֻʣ̹ͳȹ˻ˮϲԸ뿪ҸϽʣôߣ
Сǡǲߡ
̹˵ʱͳȹһۣ˺Ȼˢˢˮϡ
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Сܲ취ǣǻɡ
⣬ǡ
˵ʵҲЩŮ뿪ǡ
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ëһڣ̹ͳȹ޵̫ˡ
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֪ǲһв˵İţ˭أǲ˾ˣЩħ֮˵ı˭˫ɮ˹ҲܵջŶħ˭볤Ǹңɼġ
˵ëһѾ޵СŮ˵ǣȥɣһĵ·Ѿ꣬а취Ϊ޵֮ˣҲǻܲСһڱ˵аɣ
ë䣬СԼѾĵâҵƮ˳˹ȥͽ̹ͳȹֱ
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СƸϽο˵֪ѡǿҲԸͬһţ˭һļ䡢һأǲͬǲл굫ھԹԻ⣬ŲÿСɢȴġ˵ˣһֺγһ£ʱֻҪԵķִǰһƬհǣǻǡټɡ
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˵䣬̹ͳȹѾһŰ׹Χס󽥽ɢС
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ңҲ֪
絹һ˲˳˼֮УĬһ֮־ŵ˵ֻǵ֮ǰڹɽϱ׹̵˸ץסˣÿ춼ңȫ֪˵Щʲôͽ˴ңңĥҡ
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֮칷ȴûңں´һʵӣ㲻ˣԲԣ

붼û˻ȥ칷һ㶣˵ͷ˵ûҾһҴӲκΡ
Ӳǣ
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ʻһڣʱסĬ֮ĬĬҡҡͷ
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칷ողǶˣеĵӶʹøʵͨձʦʽ֮ģνʽ֮ʦ뽵ħԼӶͨū۵ķʽЩħΪԼһֱͼϵʽ֮£Ǻһµʽ֮ǸոۿЩħᱻȳΪеӵʬӶʹá룬Ѿеʽ֮Ѿ߱Ϊ˼С


384 ߲
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칷˵꣬ʵеĵȻʹħҲûɥʧԭΪʲôӾѾˣ
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˵⻰ʱȳ칷һۣ칷ȴƲ죬ûشֽĿɨһߵͷ˼ëС
Ĭһ֮ëȻվ˵ЩµȻȥ˵ɡ
˵껰ˮѾķǿɫʯͷ￭ԼǾ׼طá
칷ͦ˼Ҷ˵òᣬǽ˼ֻȮæ￭Ǳ˳ȥֳ˷Ľ֮ȴԸһطȥ
칷ҿ㵹ǲʲôħһߣܰæ˵Ҳܸһ︮
칷ȴЦƴ˵ллǵĺ⣬˰ɣվڵõɣֻҸطӣЩңӡ
ȻôˣҲΪˣԺʲô⣬ʱǡ
˵칷˵ͷֳЦ˵⻰ʵҸոҲ˵ġλлǵľ֮˵ǻټ
û䣬칷תѿ񱼽Զĺڰ֮ʧ
ҲûǼȮİ»ص֮ǰͣĵط￭˰ϳ֮ǼȮ뿪칷뿪ķ˹ȥ
翪ǻʱëͨ˵绰Щȫ㱨λݵܲҲһʱʰо֣飬ǾʱҪˣͬʱҲ˴ýӹܱץɵĵӡ
κͷ
֮ǻ뿪طҶһһɨǺں֪ʲôʯͷһʱҵֳڰ
ص˷֮֮ǰյЩͽѾæˣƺҲѾСİºͳ±ɵӻ˸ɸ꣬һǽȥ֮ûСȻЩʱüͷʵأȥĶˣ

ҵĿⲻس绳ǿʯͷɨһۣҲûͰڷ﷢Ҳ˵һ飬Сһˣÿ޳ڴһ԰οźת
ЩͽܰæλûѵķҲ˹Ѻεķ廨ó±ɵӰæ֮ëҡ硢Լ˴˷֮һ̾
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Ϊ˵棬ʲô˵ʲôΪܰȻô𣿡
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ʱֻë˵︮ʾδⱻħ׷ɱһֱȫصߣΨʮһֱͣһطϵĽׯ򣬶ĳ֣ӱϵʱ䲻ıϣʵڹⱣԲԣ
ëһ˵꣬ЦȻֳȵغɨһۣЦЦ˵СҺֵܣܲ
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һ뿪ҸϽëС˵⣬⵽ô£絽ʲô
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˵ƺѾӿͷëһ̾˵ɽ֮ˣթ¶棬»ᱻ׹׷ɱǽĺߵһ𣬲ҴһͬĿ꣬
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᲻Ϊŵ˵Եʣʵ
Ȼëҡҡͷ˵޹أͬˣŵΪԶԶԵʱҺ룬һеܣǹɽС


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ǸϽŶһͼһҳһΪ򵥵Ļˣ˳ýŲһʯͷм˵˰ɣֲ̫ˣһ˩ŹڵϣֽŸסұһֻмĹĺϣ߸߾һʯƺҪ
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386 ɽһ
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⻰˵ûʣʵѾ˴ˡ
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СƵ˵ͷɨëüͷʵǵõҺҶҲɽһΣһѨһסħ⻰˵µʱҺҶħǰɣǶӦþߡ
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֧ܵ磨kuiûޣֽͯɣͯɲգְľɣľҲû취֮´ȻҲɱȴ취
ߴҪʮʵסĲıǿﴩϽԶԶѹ
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387 
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ʱģֻվ΢΢Цƺκεĸ֮ҲǸħ֣ë䱸оͿԿˣȻ򵥡
Уʮû˰ɣ
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˵ɨΣëһۣЦǺ˵˵ˣҪ֣ζҵĶ֡ë˵Բԣ
лһڣëСٶȷЦǵȻѾɽһڿѾĶ˰ɣ
Ǻǣ޶ľˣôҸأνֻӣȷʵҳ˴Ǯｻģ֧ҵļƻſԸʵʩ
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һǰҸϽһʵ磬Ǻ«ﵽʲôҩǵˣҲ
졣
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Сڵķڴȵһ࣬һקҿ첽ǰߣһֱǰǵ˵СĿǶ֪ëᾡסԷһлᣬ취ӡ
һڣұϵƺȻݺұһ£תͳһֱľ˹ȥһȭš
СӰ
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һǰæѾŭңǰסԷ죡Сߣ
ճڣľµȭͷѾĿϣ۵һ죬ɵ˼ʱһ绢ХŭҲѴ߳ķдеĹκϵİŭз׷ױҲʱֻءһһŵŰסëѾǽڵ˳žһײ˶ǽϡ
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˲ʧɫȻɣ׼ȷ˵Ѿʩչ֧ɡ
ȻѾûκΣطսԣһӳǹȥȻô
С㻹Ÿʲôܣܰ
˵䣬Ѿǹ£ÿһȭͷȥǹûٵһɢֳ˲ۣﲻɵش˹ʲôѵ˵
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Сġ
ҶæʱҲһǶû˵תСķ䣬һСڵأȻһ˸Ĺ
¼ǲѣҲֻܱ壬ɳ嵽ſһ˲־õһ
Уڷս硢±ɵ֮⣬ֶϰٸˣѾȶµˮйͨ


389 
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˵ŻȭͷյøƴˣʱӵȻһѾ仯ΪҰɽĳ±Ѷ˫ڷɵ˿Уıϣһֱǵû뵽ҲԼˡ
ɵұסſϷʱһŭʹӳ±ݺһײסŵļ̱ײǱأʱŻҵǰͿʼǰײ
ҰѻԲѵСһְγһҲʼֵһǰɱΪ֮ǰڷ̫Ѿ֧ڵЩˣһȳȥųѪɫֱƽʱһ롭
ڿ浲·Щˣ˵Ҳ֪ЩܶƷþĶȻЩ˵ֶСһʱҪɱȥƺҲûô򵥡
ɾʱһѾӵȺдɵӺѽѽۣѽ
ȻΪӦٶۣȭ˰ɵǸоʹһɵӴܵľͷȻȸոջҪ࣬ʹΧһȺ˳嵽ҵǰ
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һſڳЩ˻û׷һͷͰҸ˳ȥɵӺɵӣ㱣СС뿪ｻң
˵ĹһѾ͵ǰһײͽײ˳ȥɵӾȻߣɨһۻȺмսĳ±֮һ˵ɹѽƲҸ̾ûpiaͲ߰զġ
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ҰСһ˦壬ɻûȳȥغȻһһѾſըһŵõĴסŴӴëĺСΪأСǧ׹̵С

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һһתѧУɵС˵ѧУıˣʵҪæජһѧУԱгԱгϸ
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ҲôһʣȻǸ̫еȽˣһͮȻֱӰǹγˣһ
ǱΪʲô֪ͮ¶սսһ˵ڷ־¶ǧ˵ȥҪÿ֮в֮Žŵ뿪
˵ʱƲ˵ʵһɣЩ˿϶ʲôŵˣ֮ģΪǶ֤ſֵʱ俴ΣճƺӲ֮ģȻЩʳðæļԱû˵ѧУſӦһ϶֤
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˵⻰ʱҲ㣬ȷʵ˵Щ˶ģģקһǶһվͦʲЩˣôίһѧУЩأ
˵Ǹǹģ˵Ҳ͸Ͳ࣬һĥƿ507Աڰбͮģϴǿ507ܻʱҾͼرԱˣͻȻӵôҪһҲŰɡ
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һҲ֪϶Ū춯ѧˡ
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仯ͻ˲侪סûȷӦأȻѹ˵㻹Ÿʲô
Ҹһ㶣һˣǵɽ𺣿Ҳôһˡ
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˵ۿѾʼˡ
ԣ︮˻׹̵ˣǧҪֹʵļУ507̫ˣȥĻǻһǰĴѵġ


397 еǰ
ôһ˵ҲѾʵĿԣ˳ְһӣվ˵ȻѾʵΣԣҲٰ507ʵȥˣǺãʹ뿪
˵Ҫקߣȴҵ֣ҡҡͷ˵ڵ֮Ǵߡ
ΪʲôҾ
ΪңҲ߲507ҵƤֲ׷ٶλװãһʱһ޷װùرգҲ˵ߵ507ٰץ
Ȼ֪Լ޷뿪ΪʲôҪ
һ꣬ЦЦ˵Ϊ˾ң˵ʵѾزûҲܼȥˣҪֹʵУֻһ취
ʲô취
麣ֱֻۡ
˵ŻѾһſƬݸңƬдһַַλþڱС
ʱ˵ΪҵԵʣLHʵһֱ507λڱеµһܻؽţ麣֮ǰֱҲƱܣֻнֱ۴ߣֹʵļУ֮Ҳûбİ취ҲҲܸߵԭ֮һ
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˵ҵ˵ͷȻ˽Ŀġ
ʱһ̾ЦЦ˵Բ𣬶ΪҵԵʣŵ޷صĺû뵽һֱΪԼǸ߸ϵţκ˶һҲףҲ507ĹߣΪԼڲԼҸ硭
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ȴҡҡͷϵҵģҵķȻеԵκεĸ߿Ƽ豸507ȴҺϵǺҸƵʱ͵͵ȥǸ΢ҲҺò뿴Ϊɡһҵ˽赽绰ŷȥģ㲻õң507Ҫҵĵطǰȫġ
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һɫѾɷˣҾȻصҵɵӡС֮顣
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⻰ڣľ¾סС칷Ҳˡ
СϾ֪Լڵ׹̱ܵҲ˼չ˵ʲôʱͼ칷ܹ˵˵ҪɺǷ㣬Ѱ·
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һ˻д507ʵصַĿƬЦ˵һ·ϣĿǰľѾĺˣ507ʵ顢麣ֿһ֧ȫɠɵĽʬҪʧ˿أƱػͿ̿ʬ͵ЩԭͲ漰ѧУǱ뾡ֹһʵ顭
︮ˡСԱ˵
һ⻰ȴҡҡͷ̾˿˵µ︮ͳƣѱȻзֲǲԱʣ޼ʱҲϹ֧ԮˡҪ507ʵأĿǰǵʵԶԶģɿ԰ǵæ
⻰һڣŵľ̿Ц
ҿķˣʦĲĿ꣬ôܸأǿЦ
ЦҲЦˣԱһףЦ˵йо仰СеǰǰӡǺʦȷʵǶģ507ʵвȷʵħĴᣬأ


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汻һ뷨ҡӦʱһԸ507Դϲͬ⣬ҲþͶˣҲˡ
칷СȻ֧ҵ칷һֱԱ߻ŵȰ˵СֱǷˣɵĿ㣬ôѰ·أ
ȻһֱĵȰңȴһֱ벻ظǵߡ
ЦЦûش˵ŻѾľ´һСͬ
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һǿȷģǾͻȻֻΪҺС㣬ȻҲڹ507λʵ飬ҪȻҲὫ￭ץߣӲʩҪõ鱨ˡ
ҵʵصַڰСʱ֮ǰľ¸ɴ绰˵ʱҽԽ˶ӣҲ˵ѾΨһ֪ˣڣڣҪ¶Ҫˡ
⣬Ŀǰõĳ
ںͬһȥ֮ľ´ǽһլŽȥһǸĴԺӣԺӵľͷƾɵƽѾЩͷˣȻѾܾû˾סˡ
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Լãҵ˸̣ûбֳκεľС㡢칷ԼСɵӵıȴѾΪŵýӲˡ
һ·ϣ칷С㼸һֱͣңһСңɵҲʼ˵Լ֪ΪʲôҪң˵ҷˣҸͶҲôġ
ڲһΣΨһĽ
ڷʱӣ׷һҵ㣬ȴûҵأ㾹ȻԼҵǰ˵ǲ̫ˣǲǸ˵ǲ
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Ǹܼ򵥵⣬һǴ촰˵ɡ
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ҵȻ֪һʵ飬ɹ507Դ˵õһ֧ǿĽʬӣǽӵкë麣ͳǿ֮һֱ˼䡢δħȻȻͻΪĵһĨɱΪ˵Ĵڣʱ޿̶һвͲء
ȻѰ鿴ú͸ЦЦ˵Ȼ㶼ףҲҪٶ˵ʲôˡ
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ǵִƵķ᳡ſʱ绰дѶϢʾϵԱҲѾҵֻǸ԰Ͱ࣬ҲѾʼص׿ʼ˶
ǶﳯŻ᳡ȥ᳡Ʋ¥ѾѡܶطѾ̮ԺǳһԴԵĻĲݣ峿΢ϸһǿԿطȻȱưܣڲĹ쿴ȴܼ̽ʵ
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˵ʱСµѾʹһںĹôߡ
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СµĻٶ𾪣ȻѾ˾޴ı仯ȻûЩʵƷһʧأעѪȴʵƷ屶ֱ˼顣
ʱСѾתߵ˹ײıϣһֱ֣Ӵӹײһץƿͷֳ˦˹
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Ц䣬Сֱһͷƿľͬ鲣һ͹๾
ȻҲšƿӸҲڣھְ֮ƿһˤٶȽѰȳ˳
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ӣŭһ˲˶סʱͼѹǹ˫ƽӡӡȴҼûмġ
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413 
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˵ʱζسźһֻۣȺиǲսĺȻҲѾˣѪ˳۵˿ֹֹס
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415 
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˵Ż̧Ůʬؿһָ˵ļʲô˵޶˵飬ŮʬҲ淨


418 ʧս
˵ʱ˵ļɽйء
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ҷ˼ҳﾹȻûκ֣һҳҳͼЩͼƺҲǻģӰӡһںģǷ羰ǸֵޣǹŴʯ滭һ
507ⶫʲôã
һɻȻʱһĵشǹɽʯڵıڿ̣ӦǴұӰӡġ
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⻰ҲһûʳأѾԱɻʵΪʲô֪Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ɽԹžأÿξߴûȥ𣿡
ƭǵġ
̾˿ֻӿʼڲǲëͣѽͣͳһѽͣͳһ
֮ڵ˿˵֮ǰҲ˵ˣҺ֧Ϲϵã֮ԳߣҲΪ˱ûȥɽȥȥֹһΣֱ֧ӹɽ뿪֮ҲŲȥˡ
֧ӹɽ뿪˵ëС߽Ǽ£
ʻһ䣬˵ͷ˵ûȷʵ֧Ҳ˵֧
ʲô˼еԺ
Ĭһ£üͷִ˵Ҳӣ֧ס޷ɱڹɽ֮УʮסǶѾë˵ˣҲظˣë˵ʱȴ˵һ֧ס֮󣬱ϱһϹһֻ֮ʴ֧𽥰ѷյ֧ȫ⣬Ǳֻ֧ء
ֻ֣أֻزͶ̥ת
ɣ֧Ͷ̥һͶ̥ɲͬΪϽѹƣ֧忪ʼ±Ǩһϲȴһֱ޷ѣҲ˵ߵǰԭزϵֻءȥͬʱҲᱻ˲ţߵѭÿѭһΣ˵һͶ̥ģѭе֧𽥶ʧ˺ܶ䣬ҲΪһɱǰ
ˣԺһֱ֪Լ˭ֻǵԼһ谵ĶѨﱻţ֪˶ٸ
ǰֻ֧صһѾֻ֪˶ٴΣѾ˺ܶĶëСʱʱĺһһõĺ״̬޷֧ƥС
ǣ˵Ǹأ
˵Żҳ˹ȥҲҡҡͷ˵԰˵ʦʱҵҲ󣬵м䣬ʱƺûмʲô
룬ǽӦûУпëС˽⿪֧һսУ쵼˶ɡǽ֧ķӡڣҵһٵԶ޷ֻأҲǻ᲻ϵһϲڱӡŵҲܻȫͷųҲΪˣֻ֧ܷӳģԭ֧˿޷ġ
˵ֻٵӲܱ֧
꣬ζص˵ͷĿֳŵǱ˹ȥ̾˿˵ʵ֮ԻᵽЩ£ҲǱйأЩӰӡɽЩ507ɽþݵоҲȫôӦѾ˽⵽ˡ
νǡ
ɽ507ʵʱҲᵽ
شɽʵʲôʥĵطϹʱھͲǣ֮ԱΪɽֻǴ˵б˼֮ء
ἰ꣬Ͱض˹
һ˵֪һпǣڹɽ֮еϹ޲һѾѾõս࣬ͼȡЩϹĵλһû磬ԼˣǣǱǵɱָǵʹߡ
Ļ˵ʱ͵һֳָһģػ
ѪԺгѪл棬Լײ
ɱɱʹߣ⣬ѪǾܵõ

ҳ֮ʣٶȴ
Сʹߣ䣬ʹȺ֣磬ӦѾ˵ˡ
ҵ˵ͷЩǵ֮սʱұ߻Ϊʱүȷʵᵽ
˵ƺ׺ͼڷˣǬԣˮڴ־
ӡӶ˹׭֣Ϊ֮棬ˮϹˮ֮ʬɽУɽӶɽԪ֮ﻯΪ˼ÿһǧ߰ʮ꾭һ
϶Ϊһǧ꣬ǴǧϹż䣬ǧ굤еĵԪ֮ȴϹ֮
СˮڴɱģҲ
Ϊʲôô겻𣿡
Ե̰ҲǸУ෭Ϊһõķʽɱи֮ϵ֣ˣܳΪΪδսһħʱꡢ֧ڵϹкڹɽ֮УԹɽֵõһ֣޳ǳ֮ս򱻳֮Ϊ֮ս


419 ᶯʬ
С֧Ͳʲôֹˮħ֮ս֮ܺһ
ԭʲôֻ֪Ǵδ߹ǡ
ȻڣЩ䣬Ĭһ£ƺҲЩصͷĬһ²˵ΪҲδ뵽龹ȻصֵزЩѾǧ֮ãԲǱĺá񣬿벻ˡ
˵Żһ̾˵ĿѾˣҪͼϼصϹԤλڹɽսͼΪبŴ֮Դһһͼ䣬ŵԣǬ䶨зֻ˼ǧ̫ƽʢ
˵⻰ʱԺȴˡһ˲侪סֻΪ˵⻰ƺʲôط
ɫԣʵСôˣ
ңֻǾ˵ЩϤ
ҽüͷһ˼ƵĻȷʵڻþһΣҲ֮սһΪʱ򡭡
һҲԾģŵʱԺѿڶ
꣬ͼǬ䶨зֻɱ˼ǧꡭͼΪ֮Ϊ֮Դǧｫһ٣˽ԵںͼԵ飬ѭѭϢϢһƶ񡭡
ǧ٣
һʵѵ˵νĽ٣ĹëýϹԤԣ
Ӧû
˵ͷ˵ȻҲ̫ĿȴԣƣٲҪȥɽһˡ
ԤԵʲô˼
ҾʵϹʱĹɽս
Ҳѹ㲻֪ΪϾѾǺܾ֮ǰˡ
ش˵ɽ֮սϹ龡Ϳ̿౻ɱħԹɢڹɽоΣҲΪڴµһʱ֮ڣɽǴû˸ҿģ֮ǰ˵죬Щ޶ҿֱʱڷ֮ս֮еʥһ壬ľɽľɽסɽŵ̫ƽ
Ҳ˵νľʵסɽķ
ҲʦżܲɷֵĹϵ
żң
һֵͷ˵ʱŵ󴳹ɽߣԴ˵ʥԼϵ޶뿪ߣʦɽżҵԴ֮ɽıԴܣʵͲǹɽ֮С
˵꣬ͷĬ֮󣬺ȻֳʵȻ֪ôڹɽ飬ôһ⣬ɽɽһþ޴һʹˣ˭
ʵ
Ϊһֱú֣Һͺɽʱӱúõģһ֮󣬺ӺȻñȫʧȥǣŰҴˣǸȻҲͨˣ԰ɣ
ûػŹɽˡ
ػɽʲô
Ҳ˵
ҡҡͷǰδеϾ˵ҲԸ㣬ֻй¶֪׹ۣͬԷģǵĵˣ֮úӹ㣬ȫΪ˹ɽİΣ
Ը˵ǰҲûٶʲôаǱùȥ˼ҳ֮󣬺Ȼüͷʵǣ֪Щ£֪507֪˶١
ʲô֪
ҡͷ̾Щ£֪ԽԽʱΪ׷Ѱν࣬ϧԾĹӱˮʱ£ǵĩҲˡ
֮ȱоЩˣߺү֮ɡ
˵תͷֳ˹ȥ˵ЩûõĶооʬҲ
˵ʱûͷһɨϣһ˲䣬͵صһͼһֱö˶ŮʬѾ۶ǹЦ
ʲôʱȫûע⵽һͰҲͷȥҲʱһ
ɾˣûвɰ۹·˷ܲҲûע⵽ɣңǾʬ壬Ϊʲôֻᡭ
һʱ䣬ҶѾ˦ֳһŻֽʱ׼ӭսʬŶ˰ӣ˹ˣŮʬֻǶЦȴȫһҲһ
裬ѽǻĻģ
˿ĭˣ˵Ż͵͵ԱŲƺŮʬƶȥԱŮʬʲôٶʱһʱ͵Ϯ
ȻһͼŮʬҲʼƶǻһҺͰһǾһ亹ٿѾ̲ס
һֱڶ㡭
һ˵Ǿˣŭ㣬˵ˣǶԼ֪
ԱŲŮʬֶһ£ȴȫһǸľż
ǲϵ㣿
һڣͼŵ˵ңҲ֪Ĳϵֻϵϴŵǿס
ףϵǸ
һʣͷ֪ӦϹžϵı־֮һŮʬǰӦǾˡ
׹̵ǰ
֮ŵص˵ͷʱȴǶЦŮʬȻһΣͨһɽ
һ仯ٶǳһһûʲôСشչȥһʬѾֱ۾ǻһĨǳЦЦֽƻظо
Ůʬʲô


420 
㿴ҿ㶼Щ֪룬ħȷʵ˲ˣôֵǵһμ
Ҫǣ񰡣ҪôԼˣְܾܲɣģ
Ĭһ֮˸⣺Сһ¡
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ҵʱͼˣҲֻܳ⡣
֪ôźʱȻһzhuoZhuoĶأ
һŨĺζҲ֪ɵˡ
Ȼǻͷһͼ˵ɵѾǽΡΡ˽̧ͷɨǣʱһ۳Ű˹ȥָŰСҹ
˵žˣΪ̫صĹϵûǰأԼˤ˸ſ
һۣϽͷ߹ȥʱͼɵһץסĸ첲ֺ˵㵽װҹŮզˡ
Ů
Ϊɶ֮ˣұһզyangãأ
ɵһ˵ֱۡ
ȻɵνĹŮֻβ507ܻﱻ֧ĳһͬԭԲС˲ͳɳΪһֻʮľβȥ֮ǰĿɰۣһ˫˪˲˫ۡ
ȻǺ꿴ŭǶ԰ǧ˳ģһ˷ãſţǾβ͹ɵſһ칷űһף͸ֻլʯʨƵģһһ׵Ư
ɵӣŮ㲻׹ʲô£ֲұģôȥ
С⣬ѽƲ
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ɵѰŭˣհʱһŰߵˣеεغɵʲôʱ㻹˼ռұˣҪеûϽȥȥ汻׹͵Ϯ㶼֪
զģ˵Ĳǲǣ
ɵһĨӣͷվƨϵĻŲӺҾһ¶
СٸҸұǰģһѻ㣡
һۣ˦ּһŻֽѾ˽ָУһ˦ֽһ
ǣСzheˣѶŻƲ
ȻӲɵӱϾֻĶҸʦĴ԰һƲ죬治ˣǿӲ˵Ҿһ¶suo˵ֻС꣬ƲҸ੣
˵ǾǣûӦ
ãܺã㣡suo˵㣬ƲƴСsenܴ੣
Σֵۡ
ʱɵҡͷԵ˵鲻ͶˣС꣬ҷ੣С裬԰ɣ㣬С੡
źģ
໰ҵһȻɵˣһɵӸϽ˰˵У㱻𣩼תsuo˵㣬Сsenܳ੣С裬԰ɣС裬С裬suoƲѣ
СӣڰʲôʲôҲܣֻ֪һ֮ͻһʬ塭
ʢŭ֮°˫һŰ׹Ѿ˫
ɵȻɵҲˣһҪҲûţߣ첲ӾͰں˴ܵļƣʱĶڧһҪҸϽܹȥȰܡ
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һƿɵӣְѰקһ߶ȰҲǣ֪Ӳ˵㻹ʲô棬֣ء
ɵʲôã
㱻żһ֪ˡ
˵Żɵһ֣Сӣ
ɶѽ
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ֳϰŵƤһָ˵оʬ壬Ұ
Ϊɶȥզȥأ
Ůġ
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ɵСӵšδδ𡱾ǰߣһʱЦѽѽզ鿡أ
˵䣬ɵѾһѱסʬ壬ʹ˳һҲûְ˽žͰŮʬϲŵı˺˿˺һ滹һȦһοɲǰŮʬ֫嶼һˣǷֿģ˫˫϶ֱýʵʵġ
Ϻÿ֣С
ɵӺٺһЦ˵ŻȻŮʬزһ£һͼŮʬȻһѾ־ž͸ɵһ͡
һסɵӷӦٶۣ˰ŷӦͺһۡ
һӦҸϽֳɵ˵ӣ̽̽ûбϢǲˣ
ɵӸϽ˵ͷŮʬıһְ̽ѶȥϸŮʬϽҵ˵ͷ˵ˣˡ
ˣ˻ܶ
һɣҲ߹ȥѧŸոɵӵӣŮʬزҲץһ£ͬʱעŮʬ֫ľٶһŮʬȻ޷Ӧ
˹ˣ⵽Ǹʲô
ת˼ʱȻ͸оһţһʱһƨɾ˵ϣͷһŮʬҲѾһεڵϣЦһ
ղң
һʣޱͰ˵ͷ
ԾⶫйŹ֣
˵ŻųһŮʬյһȥû˵ŮʬأڵϵŮʬ徹Ȼ˲ʧ١
һʱ䣬е˶ʧɫ֮ʺȻһС
С棡
ҸϽһȻŮʬ֪ʱѾֱҵıԲ۾ҺٺٻЦš
㵽ʲô
һ˳־ͰѰȳ˳ɵӷֱĸŮʬΧм䡭


421 ʦ
ĸΧסŮʬҪ𹥻ʱֵ鷢ˣһ˲֮䣬ȻͼŮʬһͨһ˵ϡ
⵽ǡô¡
һʱ䣬ĸȫס˵ɹˣ³ͻȻһʱҲ֪ôźˡ
㿴ҿ㣬ֻһ˵ҿۻǱĺãʬ徹Ȼᱻ507ܻرտ˵507һʲô;
ô죿ʵ
ҲֻܲˣȰŻ˵ɣߺǲ͵ˣ
⻰һڵңǰߺү߸ʱܵȻһʱҲŪŮʬǵ֮ǣϾǶ507Ƚ˽⣬֪ʬ嵽ʲôŹ֡
ö֮ǴСؿŮʬŮʬûзӦǰַ̧ŻԭƤ棬ϸӹҺͷͲˡ
ʱǵҲ˵ˣǴɵӾͳãص˴һѾŵˣһȻ̤ʵ˲١
ֵһ֮󣬼ûʲôЩӸϽȥڽ˼ȦΧûʲô
ȵȺӻʱһüЦģѾ˸ֲ˺ͼѼ⣬ͷŮٺЦ˵ʦһӦûˡǰѲҲˣ۳Էɡ
һ˵ҷģһҲֶˣһ룬˵׹ҲֱӾ͹£Ͼ֮սǰ֮ҪŪʲô춯صĴ׹̾Լ
507ӦҲô³çɣ˵ǹһվϵͳͬ鷳һִԼǵ˵Ҳع⣬ͱ˵ڵܽеLHʵ顭
ЩʱСѾŴżŮӽ˳æһսҲˣڲأٿһ˺۵ģǳ׳Ųסˡ
СŮʱôһȸϽ˯һúϢϢϾؼϣȱҹϮʱһ޾ɵģɾͲðˣҲûϢʣµЩӶе˸ǰ֮ЦλܱܲһһʦʦĽУ
ʦʦͷһе˵
ûȷʵǽйʦһûʽʦû̹ƺҿɵ𣬲ѧΪĻҲûˣҵԸΪһµʦΣ
һһڣһȺͽ㿴ҡҿԥԥЦ˵ǱᣬҿɲǱʦţ˵ڵĻҿ϶ǸͶңǵʦѾûˣܵи˽Ƕǣ
ʦǰ˭Ϊʦ
ʦʮʦ̳ˡ
һһڣһȺڵϵĵǸ¶ϲɫſվڵİסϽܹҡͷ˵С֣Ҷүĵӣôܡ
ʲôүүģ
ҵ˰һۣĻ
ʵ˵ûǰүүʦʮĴ̳ű׵ܵܣ˵ȷʵýжԷһүү۹ۣĶʲô۱ֵʱ
ЦǺǸ˵ҲˣЩһĶǲ벻ȻǺӣԺ˵ΪʦδǸүô꣬ȻŸʦ˵ţ˵ʵڵĲûѧʲôѾǷõĺϷ̳ˣͬʱָͬΪʦżһˣҪǲǣܲٳȥҰʦɣһүһƭӣˣ
˵ʱͼһԥļһҲ̬ʦҪǴ°ݱΪʦǿ϶ӦȻʲôᣬվʦż˵ͽܣǰ⡭
⣿ʡ
Ⱑ
һȺͷͷ˵ʦŵʱǰܸ˵иӷǳǰ겻ˣ˵ʱҪǵ˰Ǹʦ˵һܰݰΪʦһٸԸ⣡
⻰ЦЦֳŰЦʵ˼Ҷô˵ˣ˼أҿɸ㣬ү徣϶ҲϣЩûûģȻ̳˷ãҪĻȻҲٲЩϵǰš
ȻǶô˵ǣǺðɡ
˵Ż˵ͷƺܿΣҲ⣬ҲŶʮͣ˵˱Щӿɴ˼꣬Ȼʦ
ɿڴӦҸϽüӵЩСŮӸ˳Ͻ׼ʽͷʦ
ڶһʯͷ˵أûЩû˿ɽҪȻĻʦһûڷҲᰲȣٿЩӣǶ˷ܵžģһ쳹
ʱҲע⵽һ⣬ҵƺǴЩдģǡ
Աߵϡ
ֵŤͷһʱѽһʹϷԼѭҵĿһҲס
˵һֱû뿪֪ʲôʱǻűŮʬѾŶϣ΢΢Цһžعء
һʱ˶סҲͣһ£ͼŮʬ˫һţͨһﵹϣˡ
ģ⵽ʲôˣ
һ˲䣬Ҵʧɫ˵֮ǰǰƤ˰


422 
ҲסŮʬЩ֪ˡ
ʵǵʲôħ֣ҪǹǵĻֱҲˣѰⶫǣûģҵҲ֪ǸʲôҲ˵Ҳ
Ҫɡ
ЩţȻҲⶫסˣŮʬȷʵ֣Ȳ˵֮ǰǰ˵ģ˵ôʲôʱڵϣǾȻû֡
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˵׳ŵߵߣսŮʬϸһ֮زץһ£ʱͼŮʬȻ̧֣žһ¾͸һ͡
ŮʬͻȻһѴҶŻˣҵûʲô̫ķӦΪҲǵһˣ˵㿴ûʲôɱۻɣߺү
˵ŻСѾڳﺰһˡҲԼͬ˹ȥɾһĹоɨö˶ʬ塰ಡһ¾ȫûӰ٣һûȷӦأѾСļ
ѽ
ҸϽ壬ȥһͼСŵڵϣŮʬ֪ʱѾڳԲ۾ĿתضŰڳϵһ̲ˣ΢΢ſˮѾ˳Ŵǻ
Сʬˮû
һʣҲҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪ŮʬûʲôΣգҲûҰæѲһһ̵ض˳ȥϣȥ˯Ƕ׼ԷԷʱڳһŮʬѾ֪ʲôʱҵıǳԷʱںŲӶŲ˿͸ûԷĶһ
ֵŮʬտʼôЩӦΪμжϣ󣬿ܻûسκȥĵطԼҵҡ
ڴĵص˰ҹû׹̻507͵Ϯļ󣬺ҲͶȥϢˣȻһްȻȻǶˡ
Ψһı仯ǣʱŮʬҵĴϣ۾Цеضҿտʱһת˲֮ͷһʱеЦá
緹ʱҲûرԹ˵ԼϲʱŮʬ֪ôȥģǰ߿㣬۶תġ
˵ʼIDʱӦĹҲϰˣȻȫ֪ŮʬݣûҲİˣŮʬ֮ǰһֱͻȻĳ䣬ʬһʲôطһԣ˵ˣһʬ
ʱ䣬⼸ʿϵѾ˴룬ϾҶͨˣȻҲͨ˲֪ٱ
һ磬ҵĵ绰ߡ
ߣǵĶˣٲϽǿɾҪˡ
ˣʲô˼߾ʵ
⻹û˯һþÿÿҹڵ׹̻507˻鷳
һ˵ЦˣģһֱҲڼ֯Ķ⼸ƺذ׹̸ȫϢ
507أǵǵܻأֹǵҪʵ飬ѵǾôǣ
ģȻˣЩڵ绰˵ŽǾ͵ˣۻǵ˵ɡ
ãڷõǡ
һ˵꣬ȴϽ˵㲻ٷõǣⲻȫ

һ㶣߽͵ո˵ôĶ507Ȼʹ˰ݣ˵⼸Ҳû̫ľٶһѾʼܳﱸˣΪʵǰЩ﷢û׼507ڼǵһһˣʱڷó֣һ507˷ֻøء
ʲô˼ʡ
Ҹط͵͵˵һҪ˶ĵطУ˶Ŀ
һ룬⻰Ҳûеһ֮󣬾ھ̳棬Ӧֵĵطˡ
׵֮ǰѼĵص㶨̳һϾﰲ˵Ҳ㡣
׵֮߹Ҷ˵绰ڷæ˵֮󣬺ܿҲ͵ˡ
Թ緹ŴһأҺٺЦ˵λе¶дҡ
ʦ˵һȺ˵Ѿ˰ΪʦȻʦƺһʱĲء
Ц˵֪˭ϻǮܲȽһٶٵģ
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431 
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ֻһָ֣˵꣬ŮʬȻϵ
һδڵϸϽסʱһСظϣһ˲ͼŮʬֱһ̧žһͳҵϡ
ү
һʱͷ԰ѻŮʬһӣݺݵ˵ĵ˭˵㻹˵ܶ˵ǻһûУѾôˣҲ˰ɣ
ָŮʬıһƿڴŮʬֻǰڵϣȫκε
С
ʱͼӺšüۣȻҲѾŮʬܾˣΪŮʬϲ͵ϲĹϵˡ
ߵŮʬǰ֮û˵־ץ
㲻ǲǣҾˣå˰㻹װã
ܻһץסŮʬأǾһͨ꣬һߴһ㵽ҪǶã㲻Ӹĥƽ
ʱȻͼŮʬ͵һ˫ۣһûأŮʬѾ˲̧סĲӣ֮ʰ͵һءһŮʬѹڵص˲䣬µĵذשˡ
ûŮʬּ̧һΣʮѾкȥžøűƵģһɻˣٲסǵðɣǸæǰҪסɸǰһȻͼŮʬһһɰֻһ˲䣬ԺһƬհףҲʼ飬ҵذ˲ͱƷʮԶͨһˤ˵ϡ
С
һұһǰ˫ƽӡĸشѾӵذש˳ĸŮʬ˹ȥŮʬͷ̧һµרĳͣۿŵش̾ҪʱһŰѾɢһһ˲䣬ĸɵĵشѾΪ˷ɻҡ
һʧɫʱŮʬҲѾ֣ͣٿ磬Ѿˣ㱻ŮʬʮӣֱѪ
ңҴˡңϲ棬㿴ңҲˡ
һѪһߺģŮʬﶼûȻתͷңɲ֮Ѿƾʧټ
ŮʬȥĶˣ
һ㶣Ȼʱͼ˶ʧضɨҸæͷһȻŮʬѾҵıýӲֱ
ɡ
һ֣ȻŮʬ˳
㣬㵽˭Ҿʵ
ȻͼŮʬֱضҵ˫ۣ˵Ĵ۾УȴӨ͸
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˫ۣҲԾسǰδеذڳ֮ʣŮʬȴѾ˫һͨһֵڵϣˡ
ֵ£ȫסˣҲû˸㿿ˣҸϽͷһ磬ڱĵذשѾˡ
ҸϽ˹ȥӵϲʱӲһغۣۣۣŮʬͻȻһٶӣǳˡ
̧ȥ֮󣬰СΧڵûŮʬо˺ܾãʲôոųǰʲôһһ̫˼ˣظǸ֣ʲô˼أ
һ֪
о˰֮ҲûʲôǰС̧֮ǰǸƤҲ֪Ҳס
Ȼҹ˯أȻһžˣѭȥһͼСȼҲѾѣķ
ŽȥһͼŮʬϣһֻ죬һֻžĶҲв֮ǰŮʬˤûֶֽۣˣͣء
һŶ룬ͼŮʬȻŤͷֱɨһۣ۾գգ֮󣬺ȻһᣬһͷĴ£ˡ
һϵ磬ˣһһģҲ㼸ڼǳ㣿ҹ˯̹Ыѽ㡭ġ
ſڣһʱҲ֪ôźˣĬ֮ںĵشСϽ취ǹɣŮʬٲŪߣǵðɰ


433 װǱ
ɴҹĶʲô취ҲְֻŮʬ̧ƤŮʬҲٵˣõһѾŮʬȵѪˡ
ǰĸԼı춼ᵽ緿ڵϾ˯ˣܿŮʬҪ͵ϮҲܵһʱֹ
һһ˯˴ʱ簲ȻҲͷġ
һö죬ɽһ˯ѣҲСˣʮǮ֣鶼һˡ
ϴҲ½½˹ͽܳȥЩ֮ҾͿʼæģҲûż¶ϾǼϲж
ʱһûݣŮʬˣϵһʱҲòˣǵǲõĸʲôģϾȻʿʵúܡ
ͳ±ƺԽԽˣһͲ˵Ӱӣŷ֣ԭܵõ¥ȥˣôܷģ治һ˵ҲףԭǶɵء
Сӣ±һֱƺǳԴˣֻҪһͳ±ദ϶еңĶܻĹų±¥羰ʱڳ±һ⡰дɵӵš˵ţʵǷ飬αĳ±ɱ飬ʱ˿ɵͷҴҳ±ء
£ЩյĵӴϢ˵ƭӳƭǮ֮⻹ûʲôõ¶ͽظôãȻĶûнЩӡ
ٿ칷;βһһֻƺҲ԰ڵǵĶظȤʱһֱһǻ浹Ǣɵһֱ˺ѷεغ±տƵˡ
С㡢ûʲôǶﶷ˵ҲǹˣԭŮʬԳԷϲȤԴƵҲо֪ʲôʱѾͻȻ֣ұҵƿǽһϸ
ǵҲûԼԼģһһ͹ȥˡ
ĺɫԽԽڣ¶Ҳʼеˡ
ϰ˵ӣǸոճԹ˾Ѿųޱ˷ãһγޱԵñ֮ǰҪ࣬ˣȻǴƷЩ˼ˡ
ǲûż¼ȥΪޱ˵ʱڲֳλ֮ǰ˵ڴﲼú˲أֻŮͶˡ
鿪ʼʱʮ˵ʱأŮ
Ϊ˺ʱ䣬ڷ˻죬ʮңžǰ¼ȥһ̽һβСȥˣΪ˰ȫһǰ
Ҫʮͽܳȥ棬ǳ֮ǰʮȷͷ˳¼ұĸ۲ȥˡ
Сĸĳֱ֮˳¼ңھ¼ұһξʱޱͣ˳˵ҰֶԲŲɣ˵ʵѾܷˣֳ⸽϶ģǾܹĽ롣
ô죿˼͵͵ȥ
֮ޱȴҡҡͷ˵⵹ҲأȥķѾˡ
ޱ˵Ĺ򣬸ոͻȻ³ѾӺȡһϳһװһ·
ûأѾ˵ǼҵļأΪ˰ȫҰֹ˶ʮڣרŸҰ˼ʱظұҵİȫһɹˣ͵͵Ǽڴˣµ·ҼıһƷǴЩƷװɱڸҽȥû˸ǡ
ޱ⵹ǲҲû˵ʲôϽó·
˵ƷʵװŵǼ׸ߵһӶûôõ·ǽһɣޱ˼Ҳǹϸģδⱻϳ¶ڣ׼˼ٺӡͷ׺ͺīѾװ֮һ˵ԼϲԼˡ
С㡢·󣬾ڳﲻ鲻Ը˵ιǶ·ô죿ܲøǶһޣλȥɣ
ǵãа취
ޱ˵žͿʼ淭ȥһ׵Ĺ֮˵Ϊ˰ȫҼ˲ٹƽʱɱǣһڱΧѲߣίһðɡ
СѾͷҲ̫۸ˣ㿴Ƕ𣿡
Ҳװ
ޱ˵Ѳ㳤Ҿ˵Ȯû
ޱһ仰˵ƿԣ׶ˣҲûټīȥʹӦ
׼׵֮˾ֿųǻ˳¼ұ³֮ǰճޱķԸߣûȴԺأԶһ󹷽УͼһǴͬ·ıǣǹ˹
Ҳǹˣǹƺųİ˵ζǽûˡ
һǹôҸϽ͵͵ýһ˵㻹ɵŸʲôأҪеģٲпɾʹˡ
Ʋ죬ʱͼǹѾس

Ǹзˣһۣ˻ȥ
˭أXүXү

үүү
ôһвҪǹûɶӦǣŹǸǶˡ
裬ѽ˵ˡ
˵Żͼһͨһڵ˹ȥúݺݸһţвǼҹүүĽаܾҵ


434 
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ȣޱǽ˱ĴոԲͬʱǽ̻Ի͵ģ˳ǰһ·ϵƹʱһĥأ÷Ѷٵ簡Ǯ
ͬĵƹⶼûģǽϵıڵԼݶĵ϶һʺʺɴƹ͸ɫɴ͸õѪѪģǿգ͸оеˡ
⻹ֵģֵȹǽÿԶһ˶ġϲ֣ϲǷϲֵ棬ȴһԴѩѩ׵ĻȦȦϵֽǰ׵ġǺڵģ첼ŵĵƹһգȾѪһȾøˡ
ǰʱ˵£󣬹ʱ֪˶ٺ˼ңû뵽ΪץȻַ˳οˣ˵Ļֱͬ˲ܡ
˵ŻޱѾǴ˴Ĳú࣬䷿мֵʮĴҲѾ첼ѪǽһˣǰһõڤӦ֮Ѿڷ׵õüֱһãǽõá
ÿǽڷһڹײģײĸӽպϣҲ֪ǿյĻǷʲôײǰڷһźľĹϰһһмλðƬһźڰƬ˾Ȼǳ񣬶һƬǿհ׵ģʲô˶ûУƬ涼ײмһ컨컨ɫ˿˳ƬΧһȦһ
֮⣬߻ڷżӣһ޳һƥƥϡǽ鱦ֵʬȻӦǼױôļױֻһģһȫֽġ
ÿӵĺ涼һֽɵֽˣŮеĻҲǹŴȢ׶ýš׳СѾߣеڹҰһıˣǳʱе̧׷
ֳһǵһμʱͼޱһԵ˸̣м˵˰ɣǲĺ⣬һʱ䣬Ǻö˶˵һѾװһˡ
ޱһ˵ЦЦֿа취һʱͰѺö˶˵ıóɲ˭ܰõģЩֽֽɾͶջһھŪô࣬治ס
Щǳ¼˵ʲô
ޱһİ˵ϾҵܵصĴ£ҰȫλȻȫȫϿʼҰ־˵ȫеֽײȥնֻ˰һʱ䣬ͰЩӦõĶ׼ˡ
˵ųޱ˿˵ʱ쵽ˣҰֺͲںʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ô죿ʵ
һһǻıڶȻǼ¾ͺá
δⱻͳײޱ˵žʹǳ˴ȻϹܼѾԺټһӱڣŶʮˣñǶų֮Ϲܼҿʼ˸Щڷַ͵͵һۣТͽõļα컨ɺˣ⵽ǳأǽأ
ʱͼޱϹܼ˹ȥЦһ˵壬ңȥæİɡ
֪ˣС㡣
Ϲܼ˵˵ͷǾ뿪ˣޱʹ˸ɫǻ˱ڶ֮УּǷ˶
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ӵĺָʮˣЩ˿ɲˣȫТÿﶼŶһʲôгͷƱ֮һŵֽƤޡС·һϻԣװǶӡָ֮鱦͸Ĳ࣬
ʱֻѾųԼһӼ˴Ӻ˹Щ˵ҲỴ̈ǰ˶˵ڵҲֽ·ΣڷŵǶơϲϲǣЩɾͶˡ
˵е죬ЩϷһ׵ģ׵Ķ飬Щ˴ĶνġͼױЩ˴ģԼŵģȻǡ񡱡
֮߳󣬲ûзǻȺУǱִҡھͳ̧εĶ˹ȥŽԱһɫ̫ÿýʵôΧ˼Ȧ
ĻķԸΧΧȦȦŸһ˵Ƕհˣһ·ֽǮ˵һֱ˴ſڲſʼ
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İɣֻҪúãǵġ
Ӧһ䣬ûǳźĽ˹ȥڽǰһúɴڹײһ£üͷϸƺڵʲôӦ
ȫţҴˣһ֮󣬲Ȼתý˵ûȥתղһת
˵꣬ҲɵسԵİʵ϶أ
ӭס


435 
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תʱһſڣֿʼǽһ֡
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׼׵֮󣬾ͼץһǮͳſ˦ҡҡö죬Ĭ˭ģǰ˸裬һ£ոӵĹˡ
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˵ǣһ㶼ûͼʱĳЦɫ׵ˣѾûɫˣ·Щֱҡҡڰڵľ͸һͷ޾ɵϻţƵġ
һڴһϤĳζӭһԱ˵ʬͣĨʬ͡
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ʱȴȻһ޵ϸСӸո̧Ǹײ֮д˳Χŵļ̧ȸӦŵøϽŵԶ㣬ϸһҲѾ֣ǹײĵĸ΢΢زտˮʱˮͣضײһžžžͣ
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һڣѾŵû겻˸ϽѹײĸַŻ˹ײϣŵԶԶ㵽һߣžһžײĸײײĿڵִϹײ֮дԽԽ󣬺޲ײĶŻζû֮ǹײĵĲȻֹͣӹײ棬ȴһŮ˹Ц
һ£ͬڵ˼Ψ治ɫץһѻֽһӣһ𡪡

һڣһֱ߲ԶӵǿȻһһͼ֮ǰѾЦŴ˳ƮײԱ̧֮ŹײĸǾͽײĴ˿Χıһʱһ裬ѽײĸԼˡ
ײĸ˵ģͨ˵Ȼʱײһͼһº۵ֽˣҡӹײ


436 ɡ
һҿǴʧɫڹײǸֽˣһ۵ֽˣȴǸһ
βðҲѾˣؾǴ˵еġʬꡱɣֻŮɲʬֽʬ
ʱֽѾһδӹײ˳ȻЦź޹˼ɵ˹ڹǰɹٳҲͬһ泯ǹ˳ԡ
ٿѾŵöڴ治˵ˣȳŲüŪۣȴֻǼװǸֻ˾һֺһء
һڣֽֽ̰㿨ݣҲͬȫѾסһһԵؾͳùһ£žͼŶԶĳ֣սս˹ȥһֱߵ˹ǰԼ׶Ӻֽ˵ǰ
ʱֺݸá
һԡˡֳųһ£֮ŵóϽܵ˱ϣֶҳˡ
ڶݰ֮ԡˡѾ泯滥ãٿֽˣһ£иʱʱһ󿩿عֽˣֱŮһͬͲһӵġ
ʱսľȴҶıƺѾŵ˵ޣһۣһһص˵ϡ
һü˶ǰһĻˣ̲סƲһ˵Щ˵ĵҲ̫С˰ɣôڰ
Сֻһ桭
ǰһŵС˵㻹ûоԴ⡮ӡ֮ԽԽأѻ𣬻òܲϮȥŹ֣ȥ˵ûˡ
˵ʱСҲԵЩżˣüͷֹⲻô֣ѲҪⳡ𣿡
ʱѾֺ޶԰ݡ
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ǳһֹøѾ΢΢ˣٿӡȻعЦΪЦڣֽɵѾʼŤøˡ
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˵ʱѾ˵˲ǰǷҪԼġӡͻһɲĶôöԸһ˹ȥһžְѳߵõɳ˺üԶͨһſ˵ϣֻһȣүסϣȻܺת
һҲæ죡찡찴סүҪң
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ʱٿſֽͷϵӵǿҧʹֽ˵嶼ʼˡ
ֽվҲֽͨˣһֽˣһ¾ѾˣֽͬǶȻͬڸһʱʱֽһ£ƺӵǿӳ
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ϵٲҸû꣡
Ѿҵ֮ҿôû֪꣡ԹأԹⲼⳡɢԹԽԹԽͣʱҿ㻹ӡ
˵ŻһЦ˫һֽ˵ĴѾˡ
Ա߿ţҲһ󼤶̲ס˵Ҫȥϵɣ˵ܹⷽãֱӰŮҲǺ£
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ԳħΪεİȴҡҡͷֹסңûҷΪʲôѾҡͷ˵ûõģϵղ

һϽʣôⲻǹ𣿡
ҸոѾϸ̽ˣĿɲϵסֽˣԴȴһֱ̧֧ײϵмˡ
ףײģ
һҲɵسѾ˸ӵĹײ˹ȥʱȻͼǹײﾹȻѾƾշɳһѺɡڿСһչ
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Χſɡת˼Ȧ֮󣬴𽥵ĳһɡ˵Ӱ
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ĸеƵƵ͸ƵģһƬڡ
ͻȻϯԺĻ棬һݣɾʱѾ𺣺ѪȡͬŮˣϵѾѪ߰ߣſ˫ۼٵغţѪȴ˳Ŷͷ¡
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ۣģģؾͼԼƺһۺɫķܣܴ󣬰ŷʽļҾߣԼµҲһŷʽƤܸߵ
ʱҲѾ壬ڲԶɳʧʹ޵ģǳޱС㡢ߣɫÿ
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¼ҵ˽ҽѾˣ˵ֻ㲻ţϢǡ࡭ˡ


438 ڣ
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Ķ֪һ֣ڲԶɳϵĳޱȴ޵øˡ
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ΪԲܣʬһֱ׹ʵˮУ꾡顢ȫֶˣôɡϹϵأһֱڻɣ϶ðֺòô˵һʲôǣ


439 ͻƿ
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ײ￴һۣŮʬö˶棬ȻһûκεǺЦôĺҸƵġ
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˵ʵһҾЦһ˵ϰ壬ҲﲻʲôҲˣֻŮһжסһȺľҷѣҿɡ
˵ʱһһģ·ҲΪ֮ǰǵĵβѣһĸԵĳޱʹɫæԼ˵˵û
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һһڣͳޱɫת˲٣ľϲһȻѾϰ˵ˣɡȷʵֻһư̶ѣȻ˯һ졣
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ԷʱһһʦƺǣϹϾģʱʱͶƱҪһϻҪĶ˼ȾưԲƺ˼ڡ
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νŮأȻϿӴˣʴ˵壬䣬Ϊ֮ԽԽͬܶʱС˵дһصĶһˣ˾ͻಡͷԽԽ۷ֱȷ֢״صĻ
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ʦǧҪҶӰ
һŻˣͨһ͹˵ϣŵקŰĸ첲ֿ޺ҳôһиʲô̵ģǼٴļҵû˼̳УʲôðʦȾȳ񣬾ȾȳʲôԴӦǡ
һݺᣬϽӵطЦЦ˵ϰҲֻ̫Ϊ˵˼ѣû˵ڳѾصֵزˣİɣħʿıֻ֣Ҫһ˿ϣһȫѶӾȳ
˵꣬ĨһʱǧлȻסǵȴɲɣΪɡڣ֪
Ĭһ֮ѾԺԱ̾˿˵ҪøǶ˵¶ֻܴǰѺɡ֣ĵһֻֻǺɡȻһֻԭ͡
һҶȥĶǰѺɡأ
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Ҷ޼ƿʩ֮ʣȻһֱڲԱߺһ긾Ůȴ˿ڣǰѺɡң֪

һ㶣Ŀ̶ɨ˹ȥһۣû˵ɩһﵷʲôңȥɻȥ
һɩŵøϽͷҪߣޱȴסЦЦʣɩ֪ǰɡ


440 Ԯ
С㣬ң֪
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Ȼ֪˵˵аأ
ޱ˵꣬ɩȴŵسų˹ȥɨһۣ̾˵СޱǶʣһ֪ʲôϹ֣
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ޱ˵꣬Ҳͷųɩһ˵УȻ˵֪˵Ҿ㣬ñΪǰ˵
ңҲҡ
ɩŵͷֻŵ˵ʱҲһֱԱ߿ţǸֽ˴ӹײҸŻˣͶٺһײɳǰѺɫɡÿտ͸оôôϤϸһ룬ɡҺүķ￴
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ʱ˵Ǳˣ˵仰ȽϺãǰɡС֮ðҲ˵ƾʲôʶҾԼﻹ𣿡
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441 ʦ
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һݵģ˭ǰһּȻϷŮʬŮʬžһ۵ò²ˣĶ˼һ뿪ʱҲûֻ֪ͨڼúˡ
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ʱ˵ƺΪϹתԵʣŵʹ϶Ǹ࣬һǹɰһͲҽ˹ȥʰǾܣСӱ𿴾Ǹ˾ĻͦԴը˿ɻһͳȥǵѳˣвģǰˣͷһצӣͳˡ
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أСһʵȶ̵ģѵѾ뵽˿̵İ취
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444 ɵ
СĵذҲӷͼΧУһѵɡǺɡʱҲΧ˹ҸȥľϵϸһȻľѾΪʪʴŤˣϸϻǿԱϳļҲ
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445 Դӷ
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446 ˫
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Ͻ㿪ҲԶԶĶʱֻ֮дһŮ˵ѵҽ㲻Ҫôɱ񣬷ǹѣȥ
ʱֻǰŮӰһΣ˺ɡ֮УҸæֻζеİ˹ȥеĺŮһȻų̺ҵİȻִ
һһԭԽŨԽԽСϽһԺȶ̵Ŀס֣㲻ȻãȥҿɾͶסˡ
СһҲû˰취ֻסӣָŨЦĺŮȵոնɡĸͲɡǶ԰ɣ
ƾδɵСҲҵĻ
ŮʱһЦѽܴӮңҾʲô㡭
үģΪǲǣӣ
ҳɵһɵ̳Űд˽ȥ־ǺŮץŮȻͳԹɵӵĿͷһԼߵĶֳ˹ʱʧɫһҲǺɡ֮С
ŮһܣȶӰΧİ̸˵ٳȥһǺɡɺö˶˵ڵϣŮѾȫûټ
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ֱţѾɡһʱ֮Ҳû˱İ취
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ĲŪɺڹѪڳ¼˵ȷʵ׾٣Ϊﱾ˲ٿһԺǹһ붼Ǻڵġ
ȻЩ̣ϾҲܲôˣֻܷԸʹɱȮȡѪ֮á
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һǳɽɡס֮󣬰òסĵ˿ڣ۵ýüͷ˵Ƿİɣʦż˵ѪǽħʥѾɽʱֻɡڣӶӲˡ
˵껰ñѪʪİײɡűҳûʵȻѾסܻܲ
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˺ƺ˯֮⣬˶ڰ״̬Ҳ̫ǲ඼ѾһңϢѾԽԽˡ
⸱ģҲż̾˿˵ϧˣûֱӰֻץסһ̽۴ҲһЩˣǺŮɡǹɺѶԸȻŪģŮԳһƬһȳҲܿóֻʲôϵ
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һϣ̫ƽ£ȷʵҲ̫ˣһһֱ˯ʮӲ˹
˷󣬾ͼѾѹѾڴæµԵÿյĿȴѾ˸鼮ϣ͸ĲƵģС㡢ޱҲר־ضһо
߹ȥһЩһЩڱе鼮Ȼǳ¼ҶԼĲͼŪġ
ǲʱȳ˸ͣأȻޱϲ
ҵˣҵˣԴӷ㣬ԭˣ


447 ٳӷ
һ⻰ҸϽܹȥһͼΧųޱоﱧŵǱ顣
һҹˣޱæָһ˵Ҳ鵽ˣԴԭԴиطصһ־ϾȻйڳӷļء
ӷǹʱԴɡңͬʱҲɡҳ¼ҵĴˣ˵˻һء
һˣҾʡ
ޱ˵ͷּ˵־ϵļأеıس˶ԴԴķ֧ӦԶס־˵ӷϻ۹ˣȿȡ񣬺Ļ̳˼ҵΪһɡƵֽɡǵʱԴõֹɡǽսʵΪųдܻԽԼʫɽˮɡϣϰǵĻӭǺþ
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ȻȻ󣬳ӷʮ꣬ɽϴٶһٶʮڲ⡭š
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üͷһ±ѪŵĺɡʵιոǲڿޣǸ·ģǺ·ģ
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Сüͷ˵ë˵ǸڽħĴ˶ѧϰȷʵй˵ĳͬʱѧϰɽĳʦŵ֮⣬ֻоѧɽéɽĻẦԼġ
С㣬ʱˣҲ˲ϱˡ
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޼ҽǢʦ


448 ת
ҳŽ˼Դӷ֣ᣬһʹλĻȴûκεı仯ȫûЧ
éɽлĸȴС֮վʱоͷۻ͸ƶѪƵġ
һҪԵĴΣСԱֹסңüͷȰҿͱˣȻвͨ
вͨеͨĿǰΨһİ취ˡ
˵ʱɨһ۰̳ǰѱӡסĺɡ˵ɡ̫ˣ˶˲ʱֻŮӡ棬ǲܳˣܲһֱӡȥɣõӡ֤ٸķӡҲʧȥһ죬ǲ취װħٳġ
˵ץһǮҪҲ˹ȥס˵𼤶СҲΪ룬㶼ѾлǻгӷĻȻҪôͶ̥ˣҪôбʲôԭһδȥҲǰ취ԡ
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һȥȥ˴ͷҲҳһֱԱߵԼѹ
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һ꣬ͼҡҡͷ̾˵Źǰرɱ֮ǰҪϸöˣسŵĹҲȫһɸæǮû˸ҽˡ
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˲䣬Ļ䡣
ʱ˵ҲżȻûܴӹŹصõʲô鱨ɸ˵ԸٰЩСֵһѣѾ뷽跨ʼͨˣ˵֮ǰûջ񣬶ǻ㱨
һ⻰Ҷٷģ𿴴ɸͷƽʱͦ³çģȷʵǸµˣڹŹⶼһæҲǷ˲١
ȻǾֻʣ½ĵȴˣۿűĵĲɫԽԽѿԽԽҲ֪ʲôʱͻ绹ڳ˯ѣҲȫûкתļһѺ
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ϾŵӣԹڿ׷׷Ȼͼм佥ðһŮͼＸźŵ˿ûֳ棬ͻȻðΪأŵ˲䶼ɫʱͼӵصһԴһ¶棬̿ʼһǴɸ硣
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һҪȥɸϽסʣֵܰȱæߣһмأ
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ɸҡͷ̾˿Ц˵ҲõģȻŮûҵѾӦǶÿֳ쭳ģŹǰŮݣ︮ȥЩƱ㻨ÿסſء
ɸһ˵Цƭ𡭡


449 ΧԮ
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հ죬հ죡
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СӣŻǡ
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쵰㣡
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ۿų˹Ҷû˵һţ˵ϣЦ˵ͷϴǹǣһû㱨أһžǲˣ廨ʲôˣȰ㻹ǰĿһ۰ɡ
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СͻȻһʣŮ̷ҴûԹΪȴĺˣԼ֮ãҵķɲߡңֻܸӷһ𰡡


450 ɡ
ԣʵûκεĹϵ
СʵΪʲôҪӣȻ֣
Ϊ
Ϊң
Ůɶû˵꣬ڵϵĺɡȻըһ̣Ůһ͵һȭͷȰɵӸ˵ϡ
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Ҫ˵ˣҺİİһû뵽㾹һʵĻȥ˹ֺá
Ů˵ŻȻ̧צӣŮɶķһһ˲ʹӿɶɢ˳ͬͳźŮ֮д˹ȥ
ǰ̸մŮϳ룬ͷ·Ůľһһ㣬ŮͨһڵأϵòҲʼŤΣһĺɫ˺۽Ƥ˳
Ǵʧɫ֮ʣͼŮɶŵøϽסԼǱң̫ˡ
˵Żɶ
ʱֻǺŮһ˵ɶҲǸȴ̫ԹʵһճɾСλѾͬûɢˣѾȵ˳ӷת֮ˣȴ˵Լó󲻿ϼ棬һƯ˵³¼ҵʿԸ㣬ãٴǿأΪһӷ㣬ΪĽ㾹Ȼˣڿ˵ڡ
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ɶ޺ԴӷÿķĹǰʱӷɡұÿһɡ¼˵Ĺľ֮ǣֻһ˺ó¼֮ӷת֮ˣֻҪԶ͵͵ĿһۣѾˡ㣬һֱڽң᷸½ó
ɶ˵ʱͼǺŮϵıԽԽѿ̲סһЦǺǣҿ
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㣬𡭡
ɶʧɫǸûκ˷ӦǰѾ˵˳ǰʱ򣬾ͼڳԵĿɶȻǰһˣԼ˫۽§ס˳񣬡ء̺ݺײŮɶĺ֮ϡ
ſɶһҽУƺƴȫȥĳ𣬳˹
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Զĸ顭
˵Ż˦־ͰѻԲѵĳӸ˲Զסıڣŭ˵ٶ㿪ýħţ
һһڣŵԱߵıںת۾˸Ӱ٣ŮҲϽ̧ų˱֮С
һ˻񽫺ŮΧʵ㵽ʲôӷ㡢ɶʲôϸ𣿡
⻰ҸոҲʣȷʵ֣ΪոŮ˵ʱõĴʻ㾹ȻǡȻǡȻ˵ͳڴˡ
ʱŮһЦңҲֻͨͨɡѣǲǶѾˣΪʲôͳӷ㡢ɶϵ˵ɾͻˣߣҲ¸Ƕѿ࣬Դ¼ҵǼҴ֮ϧѪϴ¼ʱҴ߱Ҳſʼĵؼ֣ҲΪ¼ҵѪȫʱԹҲŵԳɾ¼˹ʮҵҲûǣɾĵһ£ǻɱ˵Ѫϴ¼ҵЩˡ
ôһ˵㻹ǸͦѪԵ
ԱһߣʵȻôѪԣΪʲôҪɶ
ҿǰڳӷʬǰ˼꣬ʲô壿ȻҰҺޣβȥúõİһأʲô˹;
ǣ˵㵹ڰˣ㣬ôɢô
ⶼҵġ
ŮһЦСԱʵɡΪʲôϵ裿Сһ䣬˵˾ܽ˵ģ
ǺǣһѾСŮ˵ϸüۼ仹ôƣϧʲô㣬֪Ʒ˵
ΪҲң
Ů⻰ǳװСŭˣ˵Ѿ˦ּһŻֽŮ˹ȥͬһʱ䣬Ҳ䣬ȻʱͼŮһſ˺ɡɡס壬һɡ˲ըɡȴȻ
һȭӣ
ȻѾɵͬһʱҼйȭͷӸһɡϾըһ˸˳ȥɡȴ𡭡
֧ǻһƴƾҲԸңϧ֧Ѿʩסˡ
ŮĻ˲侪㵣֧ôһ۾ϳ֧أ
Ҫٳһ
˵ŻһȥһĹȥŮȻϵɡɡʱƼ֮˲һȻǶɡŮ˿δȴõ˳ȥһɡϻȫûκε˺ۡ
ģɡʲôģѵ˵β𣿡
һһִӵִӺѰһչ˿
ŮȻֶЦСӣ㾹ȻʹϹȣҲ򵥰
Ҳϵã
Ȼϵã˵ǾʶأǺǣϧ˫Ȼδһûκá


451 
Ů˵ʱ硢ԼɵѾĸ˹ȥŮֻһɡһŰѾ˲佫ĸûС
ţ̶ڰ̵¿ʼʹ˻ȻɵӲӰ죬ŮһתѾʼȫȫ˹
ŮȻһֱڽǰѺɡԼɳֵҲ򵥣еĹѾɵӴˣʱͼŮɡɡݺһײɵӵؿڣɵȻûӦʹǱײáѽѽһѪ˳ȥ
ȵɵӵʱҲѰȽЩȫɢһѾվվˣҲ˵ֻʣСܸɡսһʱЩ֡
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һħЩͬһħȣضˣΪӱϹʱЩħаȾָ˵ģ
Ůڽսбҵİ֮󣬷ǵû֮ǰЩħһˣɡײؿڡײɳȥͬʱȻİȸ˹ȥ
һ㵣ʱСҲһҽУҲѾáͨһҵԡ
ȣȶ̵ġû°ɡ
СԼѪˣһһĵȴҡ
ҸϽҡҡͷϽҲź׵ؿվСʱһЦã˾С
ʱҵİȵŮȻֿЦǲף㿴ڵǱӣȻڻģҲһС°ɣǣ⺦˵ĶҿҲҪȻҲͱúǱˣһЩ˵ҲɶɵѾͷһΪİ˲ǿɱ
ɱɱŶԣ
Ҷݺ˻ȥ˵˲ǶľͷƬ˲ֽɵþȻûôᶮ鰮һ˵㵹ǻЦǣǿɻûЦľͷһأ
СӣԼ˵ŮȻ˦ҵӣһצӾͳץ˹һ˲ɽͻȻƺʯͷһ£һƨɾ˵ϡ
һŮצѾһԵСʧɫϽקҵĸ첲ק˿ɻûվأŮһצץһСû취ˣһʱҲû룬һΣ͸֮ǰɶһú󱳻סҵ塭
ۿŮһƾҪСĺ󱳣ֻܶ˲ءһ죬ըȻŮʱеĺɡסըʱĺȴСɳ߰˲ڵϹһš
ԹŮͷ˾Ȼװң˼ҿѾ˾ռˣȻѾͷΪҾͳȫ㡭
˵䣬ŮûҺСվѾңҺСϽҪмܣ˲ͼŮ˦ּһ̳ǰΧ˹ǶԸɡϰû취ֻܺˣɸûȻʧȥټŮȻǰİ֮кȻһѾסСĲӣק˰֮С
С㣡
һק֮УСʱҽȻҲѾΪǰ̵öʧȥ˻þһ˲û⣬ʱŮĿЦִӰﴫ˳Լ廤ס㣬أѵΪ̤еûôǵĴأǵأ
ġ
Ůţ붼ûһͷУ˵ɣŮҲҪСһ𡭡
һУϽһȣһȥȴ޷ɢӵŨСֵܵĲҽķҲ֪롭
ɾʱŮѾȻִӰֳΣһצӾץҵĺϡ
۵һҽУҪסȴΪʱһڰ˳ҵĿڱ˽ȥֻһ˲Ĺͷʹѣ֮תһʹϯͷҲ̲סԴҽ
ҲԣЩϡ
ţС㡭
ҿŽеǿ֧壬С㲱ӵɡݺݺС㣡
أɡЦ
Ҿɱ㡭Ҿɡʬ
ˣͷӲ
ҶݺݵسԼɡƺҲЩŭȻһ˵ҪɱǲǣǺðԼⱾ£;ԣ磬ٸЩΡ
˵Żͼɡֳһ׹⣬ûҲԣѾ͵һСϡ
ֻһƣ˲ͼС͵һ½Ӳס޵ؾͼһӰ󳶳һŹ㣬ڿն𣬶ͬһʱ䣬ѪѾ˳СС΢΢һŮһ̡֣ͨһԵڵء
СС㡭С㣡
Ҳͷʹ˹ȥѪС㣬ʹ飬һ̽ϢڻСѾ
Һ㲻졭
ʹ࣬ŭڻ޵ķߺ޽ڵ˲Ժ֮УĿЦֻСƵСֵܣҪԼҪԼʱϿѹŭͻᱻ
ġӱ졭
˲ÿë׷һѪסҵͷ۽תΪڵԼ˵ǹʹѾΪ壬һС̧ɨŮŮƺҲȻһ˿š
㣬㵽ʲôˣΪʲôӵкͬⲻܡܡ
ҿɲֹЩʲô΢΢һΣѾ˲˵ǰŮŵúһϽֳſɡһȭȥ˵ɡ𣬵Ǳǳײ
ʱһİȴЩϤȴԶ
ȹ꣬㲻ȰҪѪϴ˼䲻ɣ


452 ֮
ȻңԶȴֱģ˲ƽ˲٣ǰͻȻʱûйĸо
һоռҵĴԣžСƵľٶȴԺд
Сӣɺòײܹסǹģٶȱǰˡ
ŻСƵҾѹסǹɱߵʱһɫӰѾҽŤͷһƮỊ̇ʵؾͼ߹ģǾ߻űġŮʬ
Ůʬһ̣˷ɢһŰ׹˲ͻɢỊ̇ٿŮѾɵۡ
ŮʬȴȫȻǣߵڵϵСǰ̧ͷɨŮһۣȻŵŮ̾͵һϽ
㡭ʲô
ŮʬһڣŮӵò˵ΪʲôΪʲôҪСӣ
𣿡Ůʬ˵ʱȫκεı
ȻУϴڳ¼ҵĿҾȴͻȻֱס
һŮ⻰ŮʬȻһЦ˵ͷ˵ȻѾˣڱϾǰҲɻ֮ȥɣʲôȴҲ̫ˡ
ɼȻѾˣΪΪʲô֡
㻰
ûŮʻ˵꣬ŮʬȻ΢΢һۣŵŮһӵ˵ңһưԪ񡭡ϡ
˵ɱԲԣ
ҡ
Ůһ죬ȴȻ־͸ǳŮʬһ
ͷĬһ֮󣬾ͼŮȻ̧ͷݺݵŮʬѾôˣƾʲôҪҵ£㡭Ѿҵˡ
ˣһ⻰͵һأŮʬȻǰѺɡˣ֮ǰǵɡҲ˵ǳ¼ҵļҴ֮
ɸûҷʣͼŮʬһЦ˵Ԫ㾹Ȼк飬ħͷкηֱ𣿡
ôҪңҲ
Ҳ֣㲻֣Ҳ㡭
Ůʬ΢΢һЦ˵ŻͼָһڲԶϵİȾȻԼͷҵУŮʬͷһЦ
ΪⲻУԦһһУõѣܴﵽӵľ硭ȥɣȥҽϡ
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ŮʬƽǿǺǰδеƽ
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ҷĥŮʬĻԽƽȻһԺеһֵľȻǵүڤϡӡľ󡭡
ļڤϣ
һУ򷨹һ
֮⣬ǵǹ롢ˮ֡
壬޿򷨡
ڡ
ԾأһֶĴָʳָȦָȭְ֣ɱƿӡһ˲䣬·ΧͨԺҶƮ㣬ܡ
ٵͷһѰڲݵ΢΢ȻҸϽһӣѾԼܽҵУŴ˫ըɢѪɫ⣬ת˲֮ѾȫС
ֳȿ£ϲһѾӴںϳһһص
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ѳͣϣ㻹β񣿡
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˵ɡһ˲䣬һըɢɡҲײ˲ûȷӦɢѪɫѾ۳һƹɡɡײȥ
һž촫ɡըòҽͨһزɡҲֶǡɾŮʬС

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ҸҪȥһʹ죬գۼĹŮʬѾǰסҡ
ûңȴֶŮЦʵԪΪλģ
ŮʬʻʱͼɡǿӣȻŮʬͨһͼʵأˣɹɽ֮ˮ֮ס֪ˮн˶ٸ£˳±˼𣬺֪³֮ϣ䱦ҵģΪԭͷֽɡ򱻹̳֮ϣϺ˴ഫֲ֪˹˶ٸ꣬Ҵһɡ֣֮Դֱ¼Ϊ֮߸߹֮У¼ҴʮҽĿһƲδֱӷһ¼ҲɱѪԹȻҵ壬Ҳš
⣬Թ㣬㲻òк飬ѵʹ𣿡
ŮʬЦʣɡϽҡҡͷ˵ҲΪʴȣղš
˵Ůʬһ£̾˿˵֮¼ҵԹԼѪΪɡĶɱɽɽħԴ󷢣ת׵к飬ֻ븴Ϊ¼ҸΪҵ𡭡ֱһ죬ȴȻһҪշҵŮˡ
С㣿Ҿʵ
ɡ˵ͷ
ϣҾܵһͬһϢŵ֪ԭ˵ĺʥŮ


453 Ӣ۳
˵ɡŵڲԶСɨһۣ˵ҲŸո֪ԭշҵС㣬ȻСѾͷĸסշңӴұΪеķֱʮǰС㱻ɱҷɽᣬֱʮǰָֻصֻٿ˼ĵطʲôģû뵽Ҿ˻ڳճغʬǵĿɶ
Ի˳񣿡
üͷŭʵʻһŵɡϽͷȥ͵͵ɨҼ֮󣬲ŲΡΡ֮ǰҾ͸оλ˺ˣԭ
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Ǿʼ桪ףŮ
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ңҼǵá
ҾŴοþгһƬһ޼ʵĴ󺣣ңƯںϣ㣬ıЦ
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˵ŻŮȻָ̧ĵҵü֮䣬һ˲֮䣬ֻоһů˳ҶͷȫһƬհס



ĳزŷ֣ߣҽΪʹ˼򣬶ңһ
ǰİ׹ȴͼѾ˸һʵĹµŮ˦ųƮȻ£һ㶼ģŮʬ
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ʱŮѴӿƮ䡪
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˵ˣ䣬ƱãѾһҵս֮УħһѪսѪա
ƽսҾ貿ߣŻ𣬶ңҲӱ幩ף˾֮񣬴Ӵ˹ֻΪֺηҼɽ֣¶ȴڴˮʱһͬˮ֮ʹꡭ
ɢǰķ羰һתѾһƬϤеĴ󺣺֮ϣͼԶһֻںεŸƮƮĳŮˣЦһߡ
깲ˮʥġŶݼףˮ󻮷־̫ƽʢʹ֮ģȴ룬ˮ˴ɱ´ģ˻֮ȴս׻ƿ̫ƽʢΪϧߵ²ǳҾ徵֮ս
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454 ǰһ
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ǡС㡭
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˰ɣΪСȴܺö˶˳֡
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һĪĸж˲ϯͷȻԱɡԼѾͷʹת͵İ˵ĿⶼǾ£˹һ̲סһ£ɾͲһǵʱСȻ͡һЦһ졭
ȶ̵ģԭǡʶ
ǰС㣬þò


455 
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Ҳһֱûн˭û˵һ仰ڸԶӣɡ
ȱúƯǰδеƯڰȹǽһһӪ⣬Ҳ֪ʲôɵģѩ׵ȻûκֺͻȴͬһʤյĻþһ㣬
Ҷһ󷢴ʲôûпȴ·ҲһУƽݣһƬޡ
СҲԱһֱڴǰѻԪɡ
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ЦǺ˵꣬ͷǰѧղȴߣûʦŵӵû뵽ʦҵӵǿ趼
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ëýǣ٣ԭǡ
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ǺðɣҾͼ򵥸˵һ°ɡ
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Ϊľˡߴ׹ȣΪľ׽١
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ǰһҹƺѾһԺͺú˯һ֮Ҳָòˡ
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緹궼ѾʮˣʮӴ˻쵽ʱһȻͣ˷õſڣӳˣ˾Լ¼ҽÿﶼŴСƷˮ
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ޱҲͰˣһҵҲ¶ڳ¼æ죬ƺûޱĸ¶棬ƺûڱס
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˵ŻС㿪ʼԼĻͣΪǸأţʹԼǱĵק˳֮Ц˵֪֮ϸ۲ûǲж
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ƹѭ˹ζļ˵ֵܣ˵㵽ɶûʲôǧС㡢˾ķֱ𣬴һͬʣ˾ѣ˵Բԣ
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һһתֳһߵĳޱٺһЦ˵ޱҰ㵱ˣ㣬ûǵأ


459 
ޱȻͲ󣬵ȴǸˣͼ̳˸׳Ƿݾ
һ⻰΢΢һЦʣʦԼҳǵΪ˳Էɣ
СѾͷ¶ˣȷʵҪ㣬飬ǹԼҵġ
ϾޱҲʶһͨǰ飬ҲҲûҴŲţֱӾͰ¡ԼСƶϸ˵һ飬˵ʱ͵͵۲ޱɫͼʱʱüҿѻ˵ʱѾüͷɫ
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Ҳ֪ǳ¼ҵĴС㣬ô֪ܲأ
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ޱһţϽͷ˵ˣСȴԱʵʲô˵һأ
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һ˵ҲЦȷʵʼʱһ³ޱΪͥԭܾ͸¶κǻǿˡ
ҺʱһֱרĿǷİƤ˵ҽҲ˵̫磬ʱĿ߼Ѿȥ˱𴦣ͻʣһ˻ڱأҲǣϡ
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ԴԴһʱ䣬Ҳ
˵һ˵ԭȻнȥвƣѣúϹ⼸Ѷ˿ڳʱȫʬûʣ
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˵Щ֪˵ʲôǺˣ¼˳סűΪ˳¼ҵҵȥһأóԲˡ
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ʵڸ³ʱѾоԺйֻû˵ƶѡ


461 
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οֳ˵ôһֱԼ޶СԲŲ뿪ɡ
󻺻ͷȻʵ𣿲ǳ¼ҵˣΪʲôҪǮ
Ȼǳ¼ҵˣǮȷʵǳ¼ҵǮģǼڵһ¼ҵ˵¼˲ӲܵģҲܰͶ̥ˡ
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ҺٺЦͷ˵⻹ǸǴģͽн߳īߺڰɡ
ûõĹѾ˴ӣֳԱޱɨһۣ˵󰡣ιǱһԵ뷨׵ģû뵽㾹Ȼڣ͸ˣĿߣ϶ʵø
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⻰ȻһϽͷʣǺأǲǶ
һʣ˵ͷֻشܴ֣һ̧ܳ˵ǿ϶ǷˣǾ϶ʲôֵǮĶǴһ壬;һǶȻȻ󡭡
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Ĭһ֮󣬰ȻңСʲô㣿
Ӧȥҳޱ̸һ̸ˣȥҽԺ


462 
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˵ŻŶûþŶ룬ĳޱѾ˯ˣԼһڡ
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ҽԺÿ춼ԭأһ·ǻ˼ߵޣҲûܣΪ̫صԵʣȻûзһ·˹
һ֣ŵóޱĸ׵һҪҼʱסЩֱӾŵ÷ˡ
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ޱĸ׵˵ͷȴҡҡͷ˵ֻһ棬Уһ桭
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ճޱĸ˵֮¹󶴣ȥ̽ѵķԭͬʱҲǿھҷ˾ĹΪ׼¾ʱרҵԱ֮⻹żͳõʿǿס
ʱԭҲ鼰ʱϱǹﺦˣ¸ԼϹ˵֮ȴҡˡ
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ޱһ֮У̲סǡ
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ΣңΪʲôҵķװ͵ԭһֱڼҵһһ˵ʱޱˡ
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ҲȥˣְɣЩҪΪһֱ飬ҵĲҲü궼ûתֻüȻҲˣۺúõĹӣ𣿡
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Ϊֱӻ507һأ507749ֵעȻ̶˹ʱ̸УĿǰ︮˵ȻϣСһ£Сµĸ硢Ҳ749ĸ߼Ա¹̾ͱ˹ǰһֱڳﱸҪǸ𡭡
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֮ڴų¹һɽǣҪΪȰ˵ʱǰӣϾһΣ׹Ѿ׳һǶ޷ĵز
˵ЩʱҺͳ¹ۣ˭ûлش𣬼ϵɱƺԽԽأԱϢүϽȰѽǾͲȰ֮ǰĳ޷һ𣿴ΪأΪذ
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֮䲼˴ķԱϧǸҲûʲôЧ֮ǰ¹˵ʱصؼ˵ʮʱʱĸﶯңȫضһľɡڷؿ񳱣ܶȻĹĹ󷢺ƣ걻ϴ١ĹըĹ١׵ٻ٣Ĺ԰ҲΪƽأʧ𻵣ɱΪйĻʷ׵ĺڰʱڡ
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19837£鲿֡ͳսԼίֲʽϲʹ˳
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1985ĩͻȻһ֮٣ǺչһĿҹˡ
νġҹˡ˵һĿǽѵعԱѵֵϣӶ齨һ֧սǿӴϢԼרҵܵԱ֧еĳԱȫɵʱһ߾ӢԼϴ׵ĵĹɡ
רŴйڹĹﱣʧ׷ԼץĹ񣬼˵һ֧Ķع飬ǵλʡԵȵȷ棬൱ħ749һ㣬ֻͬǰרĹأרǿѧ¼ǵλƽ
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ֶүֽסǿƣֻһۣʱüͷ
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㲻طңôҹˣ˵ħͬ򣬵˴˻кཻܶģ֮ǰ749ʲôڹļ¼Ұæأô᲻֪︮Ĵڣ
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һһֶ꣬үȴᶨҡҡͷ
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𣬼ֶүϽӭ˳ȥҲţſھͿʼĵ⿴ŷ촩ȣĿܲƫпſڡ
žֶүһ˭ѽû˵קţͼſվһŻһĴŮǶŮһɵۡ
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ȷʵ嶯䱩Ƣһ˭ŪˣͻȻ˵ⷬҷǾЩοҲû룬ٺһЦ˵磬ȷʵԥˣΪˣΪ۴ҵİȫ룬ϾݲͬˣҪǺҳʲô¶ôүȻ˵ݶˣֵܻʲô취ãȥĶֵܶš
Ͷˣҵĺֵأ
һЦ˵ֺݺҼһ˵۴үǶģ¶͵еѪԣûҪǸǶһīīȥģߣ㿪·
˵ŻǰߣҲϽץס˳ޱһǰȥ
һ·ϣСûٻصҵĬ֮Ȼַ˵λȻѾҪȥҲͲ˵ʲôˣʵ˵ûӺҪѪԶûУǻʲôӺȥ֮ǰһҪһ¸λǶ޳ֺʧ˷Ӧԡ
С˵
˵껨СƵ˵ͷ˵Ҿͼ˵ɣⶫʱֺܶ࣬һطһз˽»˽аҲ˽ٽ⣬һ˺֪ꡭ
ʲôꣿ
С⻰һֶүס
ꣿޣ
ҿɶİԴڡꡱ״˵ֻǹʱϰû¶һС¶ѣй˾֪Ǵ˻Сûв֪ġ
˵ǹʱһײеĹסɽרԷޡ۽һ컻һֿζӿͷһֱԵˣֻ֮ҪǿĻĶŹɽµȫ̸ꡱɫ䡣
صķֻ֣СꡱĹһ̶ܹɣǾÿ365ŻܵȺۼĴׯһʡ˾ͻɽȥҳûʱȫԺ󣬵ȵַɽ
ǵصŮŮͰµһҹΪɷءֱںܶطܹأصԭ𽥴ӹޡһر˹Ǯһء
һؽϰ޵в֮Ҳһסءİ취ǾÿһϣҼһͻǰȻϨٰѼȦţȫ˩ΣȻլԺŷסȫ˶һ١ҹһ׼δʱܳΪһԵһٷ˼ҼһðĶܷʢҪȫСΧһòͣʾͥԲ֮⣬ڳԷǰȣȵ鱣ȫƽƽɹѰһҹ
ôأȫֲͬﰡ
ֶүСһ˵Ҳ˵ꣿɲ˵ʲô֤ݣʲôŴ֤
ֶүһڣСЦ֤ұõĿ֤֮ǰʹ㣬ǹǲɵЦʱꡯҲˡ˵ꡯ֣ⶫͷǡݡͭ塢ͷСʮߣеʱᷢһڡꡯʴ˵ʱϰո˸֣СޡеĵطϦ
С˵ͷͷǵѧļֶүһʱҲû˻˵
СЦЦ˵ǲ֪ʵҲ֣Ƕ޳ûʱ︮Ҳ֪Ǹʲô˴żŽе֪ʵϹֻ꣬;жʱ䲻֪ԭͻȻʧٳʱѾνġޡûʲô䡭ŵĻҲԼԱһ£޲˵еòͬϲöһ֮ûû˵ĳԣҶֻԲģҲǵϳһõ֤ݡ
Сƻ˵ˣкȻһѾ˼ǾϲЦСƣ˼ǣ꣬㣬Ҳ㣿
СӼ飬ȻûԹϣܰǵæɡ
СƻһڣҶϲؽһ£ʤֶ˼ɣΨһͷ˵˵ʲôأʲô겻ģô£
㻹𣿡
Ц˵˵Ǵ˵еޣôضҲ޵㡭
ɶ㰡ʵ
ﶼʲôʲô
ꣿڰСӶ֪űھΪ޶Ĵͳ
˵ȻһݺһԼףЦ


475 žеĻ
Ҷˣڣͳȥұ
˵ڷܣҸϽһץסһ˵ʱĶұȥһȥЩǵðɣ
ô죿ܲܶĶҺҽŻɣ
ĻŸ˵꣬ԺȻһǻͷһľȻǰ΢΢Цý߶һߵһľͷӡ
ǳʲô˰׼ñˣ
˵ʱҸϽܹȥһĨľϵĻҳʱһϲǾȻһըɽõĻҩ
һ壬䶫ڣ۵ĳɹָ˺üɣ
ɻһ˵ֲЩҩȻǵڶʩĹµģ֮󶴾ͱˣĹ߸ȥôˣûܳܲã⻹Ǹ⡣
ʱҲˣҸϽӿֿʼǰȥ
ûãȻޱһ˵ǵʲô벩ȡҵҲǱ𣬲ֱɱңǶʹ죿
ޱҪ㣬Ѿˡ
Ȼϵ˿ھʹ̣һǳһЦҲûʲô˵֮ȱʣȰ£һһõĽֻҪסһ¾ͺãûɱ裬ɼ
˵ʱͼޱһ㶣ûִŴҳǰȥ
ڶûãּһӻҩһȻǹǹһˣɫҲضѿΪѾ𽥸оӺںĶǰһŨ
ֶүǶӦÿ쵽˰ɣ
֮󣬼ֶү˵ͷ˵ǹﵽʲôû鵽Ҳһֱûţϸоһµĸ֡
ĸ֣ǿڣоǸʲôʵ
ֶү֮һЦֽ˵ҲǸ˵걱ҹרһ֧Сϸҡ¹
¹ȻأǾʲô
ʲôҲ֪Ǿʱ豸ޣǸûµײӾͲˣǺüˣܲ˳ȥɣһ꣬Ϊһֱ鲻ʲôЭ̣ǿھͱˮ֮󣬱޴̳ʱְڱסľ˵ػ棬һǵõʱǾλþڱʮ·ڵĶϽϣǵú֮޵ڵ˸ܴĿӣǿȻʧˣ÷Ѿһ֮֮ǿھҲҲˡ
˵ֶү̾˿ƺЩϧŶ˿Сʯͷڵϼ򵥻ͼ
˵ûˣǾĸһǵãǲһͨľ˳ž´ʮףܵǽڿʼ氼ݣ¶һȦʱϸŻͭĻ裬Ȼǿյģҷڽ͵Ĳ
ͣ
ûӦʢĽͣѾӷˣϻнƳɵĵҵʱŰ£ǵƺŰۻڵĻʯֻҪһͻͨЩ֣ҷоǰһװãĿĴ±ھĶ˳žӳһӳʱͻε̣Ħʯ𻨣;ͻȼӶȼ
ֶү˵ʱŻСɨһۣЦʵλѣ˵ĶԲԣ
С¼򣬺ٺЦ˵࡯ҦТȷʵڲû壬ﵽʲôܣֻԼ֪ˡ֮˵ЩǲǾľҲôһأ
Сƻһ˵ֶ꣬ү̵˵ͷֻش˵⼸ŮвңһֱҰϸоץǹİ취Ҳ֪оЩ֮ҲһֱûмŸΪϾϣ˵ܶԴаûȻҦТĽôһھֻܶء
ĽѾѽܰʲôæ
ֱ꣬Ͽŵľһ£ٺЦ˵磬Ǹˣۻлҩ
һ˵⻰Ȼ
ôһ˵ֵ
ǲֵҿɲ֪һֶүⷨӣҵ鶼ת˲٣ȷʵûҴ
ǰ˴żʮ֮󣬲֪ʱѾüͷļֶүֳ̧ͣǰһָ˵
һ˦֣Ѿȷ˹ȥŻһֻǰĶҲ࣬ݳһںĴŨֱοɼһ㣬Ӷ˳
һųޱ˹ȥ˵ųޱȣ¶ʺʲô⣬ˣǧǣųޱϽܡ
Ұѻ˵꣬ޱʱŭʵģ㵽ˣʲô
ˣʲôһ֪ˣ֮ǧסҵĻҪʲô⣬Ͽܣͷء
ҳųޱһЦһתһ粽Ƕ˹ȥ硢ֶү˽󣬻СҲϽҵ
Ĺ˵Ƕںġյģ濴ȥʲôûУҸϽֶųʮΧſⶴѨһȥ¶ӵİ˽ιžܴƺˮˮĺ˳žðһռֱںðһѨǹɺȾġ
ǹžǰԶضһֵֶүһɨϣʱһ
֮ǰǽʱǽקڴġ


476 
ֶүһڣֻֿܣҪôǺֽˣǽʱǷģҲû˽ĺۼôֻһܣǹԼְ˻ȥ
ôһ˵ҸëȻ
ˣںڿһҧԿըҩȳǾ˹ȥըҩһţһ֮͵һ̽ͷͳž˹ȥΪ˸Լ׳Ȼžڱ˾䡪Դҿү
˵ǶҪһ໰ǹǸҲͶűˡ
û¶ҲһһͷüɫЦʵû¶Թһɶ
Ķ֪绰һڣȻһ
Сı󣡡
ѽ
ŵһ£һƨɾ˵ϣͷһƨûС
ĸ˭ѧģǰϲ㣬˧ᣬôѧأ
۱Թ¼û˵ֶүǰȥһָǾ˵Ȼ֪ھĹǲͬģܵȥС
˵Żֶү˹ǵվԸء
һڵƲ˵ϧûڣҪĻֱǹ˵ˣĶô°
˵ĹѾž˹ȥɻûߵأѾںקסҡ
һͷͼůůһЦ˵㻹ˣ
㡭
İɣҿɱǿ
Ҳûϻ˵һ˾ֻһ죬Ѿֽýס˴ھڵŵøϽ߬סֻ׹ȥǴݣȥʱһͼܿѾȥʮס
ֵһֻȻ洫
ֶү汻˵ˣ⾮ȷʵлأ͸˵һģһ
̫ˣڣԸǹһ㣡
˵ŻקסͬʱҺͼֶүϽըҩҩǻܸûܳҲ˲١
ſھں˰һôѻҩŪȥ֮󣬰Ȼֻ˵һ֣ӡ
ãӾӰɣַļ֮̌Żҩһһȥ治ȫסھ￪ʼڷҩ
氲ûҩʱקû˵Ͼ֮УѾû˵ĵˣʱȻһץȻһ£Ϊǰʼˣøˡ
˭뵽ûõĹĻζȾȻǿ͵һ¾ȥһء
ɫһ䣬Ͻžɡ
仰û˵أҵѾȻֹѺ仰˻ȥ
ͼɫ԰׵İӾɿʮһ£Ѿˮˣĺһգͼˮ澧Ө⣬ˮ֮£ԼԼؿһž޴˫ͭĴ۶žɨ
һ˲䣬һëʱֻһС
Ÿʲô
û䣬ˮŴıȻһ䣬ת˲֮䣬һͬţаĹֺѾӾд
Ǻܵұڶʼҵػζżʮ׸ߵˮѾСءһ罦ĽˮͼӰѾ̤ˮڿն𣬴ӾһܳڵϴʮԶ
ʱһǾУѾָֻƽҪǵϱõˮҶŸոһĻġ
һͼúݺһ˵ģ¿ˣôˮҩ϶ʪˡ
ӦûС
شϸЩۣ۵ĽǶȶǡôӦרΪ˷ֹˮõģǻؿӦԶԸǹû
ô죿ʡ
ʱȴֶүѾǰһ
ȻԼǾ͵취Ū
˵˵ֶүħˣκεĵ⵨ȷʵǾ֡
ʱͼͳޱѾӶһŵ˽һžѾŵͷ亹ʵգոճʲô£
ãæ
˵ŻҽŶڷקקĩβһ˵ݸͳޱЦ˵æקһ£һҪסһҪǳʲôǣܣû
ɵ㶵˵ͷûʣѾקסʱϸһҲŷ֣ЩϿȻѾ⼣߰ˣ֮£ȴһģӦסõġ
ʱֶүһֳڣҸϽһʼԴھ׵һһڿʼק
أȻҲܳôһקקʮӣѾһѡҲ۵ͷˣȴԴԴϵشӹžǸûоͷһˮҲûдκεĹ
קʮ֮󣬳ޱѾŲס˵ϣͼֶүҲϢקһҲԵЩŲסˣңôһ˿ڵѪøˣͷεĸоԽԽǿҡ
ʱȻ˺һһͷһȻ˪ĳޱԼ׸˺˿¼鲼һ𣬵ݸ˵ιȥһ¡
˵ʱޱ޵һۣǰһ㶡
Ҳһ£ǸϽ硢קĹ򣬿ʼҰ˿ڡ
ллл
ɨ˳ޱһۣԾأϾȻе㷢ȡ


477 
ŰĹһ۴ӾקѾ̳һѣ˵ҲǧˣƷվȥǮҲٲˡ
ʱǴھϵȻһ͵ؾͳžק˻ȥԼȥһСΣһסˣϽվ½߬סǼʱקסֹͣ»
ʱקļֶүȻüͷ˵Ծ춯Щ쳣ǶҪˡ
ֶү⻰һڣҸȫסһʱȫʹƣȻ޴棬ҲӲקˣǺҵĿسżֶү˹ȥ֪ӺʱʼλļֶүѾȫ˵Ĺǡ
Ĭһ֮󣬼ֶүһʹɫ˵ұͣ
ֶүһڣǴּһǿɲ̫ˣѶŻקŵĶƺҲʼԽԽ
ȻǱʲô濨סһקӵĳˣǰҲΪоҧء
ʱ򣬴ǺںľУȻʼˮû˾أ˳
⾮ˮˮλڼʮһ£ôԼðˣ
˲һȻʱ˼鷢ˣӾԴԴðˮ֮УȻʼðһϸСݡ
ԽԽԽԽ٣ҵɫҲԽԽѿٿֶүҲȫŵɫȻüͷһ壬ֳŴ˵Щ
ֶүһ˵ҸϽּקֵǣðˮҲ𽥽ͣƺҲ𽥵ʧˣٶҲ
һոտ龪һɫҲת࣬ɾʱӾˮкȻһձ˲䱻ֱҿʼɿسŹžֵ˻ȥ
һ˶ˣһ˲ڴȻ͵һֶΨǰƴؽ߬סûɿһȫֲǶקЬڵһĦȴͣקųڻȥ
磬֣
ҸϽܹȥҪקߣ˫ֽ߬ǰУۿžҪʱ̧һֻƺססɸһ̧ţѾһһͷ˾
磡
һ˽ȥҿɴסˣԶϽǰһѾͳסĽ󣬿̫أҴһʱҲק˾һʱ;һɺһɨʱС⡱
һҪͼ֮ǰˮ¿ž޴ĹѾ˾ǴʮԶĵطһ˫۾һգһգضھϵҺ磬ƺҪĵ͵Ϯһ㣬彫ûдźըҩĻء
һһ¾͸Ƶ˲;ס˫ҲܸоȿʼҵزȻҲǺˡ
ʱ洫أ
𣡱
Ȼģֻһ󳳵ǹ
ʱˮͻȻһڣɾҪùˡ
ʱֻҲսս˵С㣬°קȥק
˵绹ڽұ£ǹ֪첻µزµӲҲѾʼζˡ
һҲŻϽקɸһСͼ·ˮһȻǹˮۣ˲˸һ˿׺ݵĿ⣬ƺѾǡ
磬۱ϡ
קǲˣֶ˵˾仰֮ĵؽһֻ˿ʧɫϽʣС㣬òȥιɣǶûƨۣɱʺȥҲθһӰ
ұ죬ʲôʱˡ
һ֮ҽɿֻ̯Ķ׼ˮֻ֪ʲôʱͻİ쵾ޡ
ҿɲȶ֣Ϊ˲ķӦָһΣѾָųһ쳯žƮȥ
Խǽӽˮ棬ˮ׾ԽȷʵǹͷĴһſżľһѰѵһ㡭
ۿҪˮ棬ʱȻǹԤ͵һˣһܳˮͬʱѾһھͽȥ˲һڣܿںУǹѾ͵
Сקһѣ
żż
ŵֶŲۿǹԽԽססһס
Ū㣡
һŭƼ֮һʩѾĴһ˲䳯ǹѪ˹ȥ
ء
һ죬ǹţаŭٶȴӾдǾѾһЧһٶȵضɽҡ
ըǹʱĺһѾͽӾק˳һ£ִһҵرըȻǹʱ䴥˾Ļأʯȼըҩ
ȻƬ̵Ĺ򣬾ͼһֻŵľѾӾ˳ͷ­޴ͬһֻʨһ㣬ʨӿҪöˣʱ˿ǹ屻ȼյĻסԵ쳣
ϸһƺŹĲӣڹı󾹻һǲֵĳβͣͬƬƤһڿػζţ˵иʮ׳
һ¶棬ûȴҷӦǾѾ͵


478 
һ˹ŵǸϽ࣬ڶڵĳޱȫѾɵˣҪҼʱƿѾġв͡ˡ
һȻ׷֣˲ըȼյĻƸӼ۵һС
ӣܰסȻҲʹ಻ɻҩվͣûһĹϵĻѾʱʧ屻յһƬڣϸһƤƺ͸ϵƤһҪӲô죬Ȼһ˺۶ûС
ֶүô죬㲻ѽ
һǾĹһ߳ŶǽǵļֶүֶүҲסŵغҦТڻصвʲôܹסﵽײʲôȫ޴ӵ֪
ֶүһڣʱһ˵¿ˣǱŪ˲٣һֱȥҪŪǵĹȴȻãҲǲʵˣһƼֱըǹ죬׻Ķһ˺
ʱܿ϶ˣû취ҲֻӲͷƤӭսˡ
а֣Ҳɾ䲻عÿһط;͸ȫûһðҲ͸Խһ죬ȴм֮ûˣֻӯζȥδǹ¡צ½
ʱСƵд
ûκ;ģޣ±ɵɲͬġ
ͬΪޣΪʲôôⶫôǿ
һһڣСִɾʹشˣǵڵǵ¶ʱ˵ĻϵƤë̶̳ȿκ﷨
ǿô죿˵Ͻ취
Ҫа취գ
СƼֱ໰֮ǰ͸˵˼ǧżǾǲϹޣô׾ܶԸ˵ģ
С˵ǴдΧҲõһ⻰õһۣСƢˡ
Сƣǹҿ
ҹʲôã
־͹֣ӴҽģǲԼϣ
ƢһҲˣۿһצӳԼץӭĴͳ˹ȥ
һʱͼһצԼһֱ˫ץסצӣһܣһ¾ͱĵĺϣݺһȭͷȥ
Ȼȭͷ˵ֱǲ۲һȭͷϣжûһһβְȥ
ڵϴ˼֮󵱼ҧˡ
ģӽƴˣ
磬嶯
һûͷӬƵûͷûһײγȥֱƤްβ͸شûһĹѾˡ
ƢȰȰסҲףһͣȻҲܸɿŲңԸһƴˡ
һʱ䣬ƵƵըɢҷɣȭ߸ǻ磬ǹȴԽزƾһ󱩷͹ƣȴȫûκθо
ڣҵһŲסˣϾˣټôõļսǰѾѣ˶ˣʱһѾ۵ͷ󺹵İҲɫףϴķҲѾȫùˡ
з䣬԰ҲѾŲ˶ˣϾʩչɱȭŹҪķѾ񣬾ͱ֮ǰʩչéɽлξѾŲסˣܳôãҪϮѾǶֵķˡ
ȻȭͷҲѾĥƤڲԸ֣ͣʱ͵һһ¾ͰӱϸѪһţȻϴȥ
硭
Σգվǰ壬ɻûҳȥأȴһǰһŽߵشͬʱѪѾûȰ㿪Ѿһֱӵס˰İӡ

⡱һҪˣѾˣѾŰͷһ׽
ף㵹˵ѽ
ײײӵ̧ͷ㣬ҲɵֻۣȻߣ䶯΢΢š

ۿһôõֵܣھȻΪĿ˲ʯԺ֮һƬհס
Ƥ
Ȼһŭ𣬽ŵײײֳ˹ȥҲѾŭգʱҲ߬Űȳ
ۿžҪ嵽Ľűߣͬһʱ䳯ǹٶȷҵĹƣȫ޼£Һ繥ʱļЪȻһ˫צ͵һץѾצӸס
ҲһԣԲүүүүһŪ𣡡
ۿŰ廹ۿͨ죬˦ȭͷҪϴȴһۣĲĳ޶ں˳
ѽѽ
ŭʱѾץǰǽ绢Х˲ͳӭȥԭ޼ƿʩķйȻû£Ȼͼ΢΢һϾȻ¶˼Ŀֻ
ɫ͵һ԰ޣ¾ҵ죬ֱ͸ʱڳŷƵģ̿ˡ
һ뵽ҸϽֳ纰磬


479 Եζ

һ£ҲӦ˹һ֮󣬳Ķ˻ʲôʮ˴ϱСӣž˸飬ӵĹɤӶˡ
ȻãȻצͻȻӰĺһһʱɵһԲ˫۶һ£̧һ˫צҲϷţҲ׽ˡ
Ȼͼ촽΢΢һѾһճҺסİѾ˳Ĵǻ˳ͨһ˵ϣһһϲڵϵİո˴죬徹ȻģڵϵճҺвͣس鶯ء
ĺסҳûһֻצ˳Ҳ˲ϰȳճҺϽӵϷ
ҡ֮󣬰Ȼ΢΢ۣҸǾõһСƶоȵؽеôأȻûôܴ
Űվƺȫһ㣬û취ֻܰק˶ڴʵ⵽ô£㣬Ѿǹ׽˰죬Ϊʲôһ˺۶ûУ
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һһȻԭѹֲޣڹʱĴ˵֮жѲϵأԭرĵط
ʱСƵٶȴ˵޵Ϲ޸ͬ߱ͬڶءϷջ棬ͷͷ޷ɱʳ˵߱
˵ʱȻһͷһͼһɫĵѾצ˸
˲ͽ˲ҲƢȷʵ̫󣬼ˣ໰ûͣ
һһ㣬Ǹȷ˸ոյķȻ׻Ѿѧˡ
㣬ͣͣǸˣң
ۼһøӺɫһ䣬֮͵һѾͽ硰žꡱһ˵ϣѪһţȻҲָڵϵ֣ҧ㣡
ԭ˵ѽ
ڵϵվվˣȻǳһЦ߳ŭȻצȭͷ״һȭͳؿȥ
һʱۡһһȭȥһѪ˳ŵøϽҪȥæĶ֪ȭͷѹ羹ȻųҰ֡
ֵ֣ܣҡ
磬㡭
ĻҶʱһ㶣ɾʱѾȻһֽץͳԼĿȥ
Ҷӣְ֣
ȻƴһŭŵһʱѾһȭͷ˹ȥ
Ķ֪һȭûϣͼһ죬Ȼݽ첲ס
ת˲䣬ֻӺȻһ͸˯һȻͷҸϽںеСһ㣬Ҫ
еǣɣܹ
ôһ˵練ŲæסҲæųȻְһֻ첲̧һȭһȭϴ˻
žһͬʱɫȴԽѿȭͷٶҲԭԽȻΪɵԵʣѾűסֱš
ǣĻӿȻʿӵеǣ
ȻһŭԽȭͷȻָӷźǰֿʼһͨ
ۼһȭȭüңΪ֮ǰѾĹϵĶǰæǼֶүһֻŵں濴ţĬĬΪʹ
Ҳ֪״˼ȭȻһΣͨһͲ෭ڵأҲֶˤڵϴ˹
ġ㵽סж١
һ粻мһЦײײͳŵص˹ȥݺһͷϣڲغеǣôɾͱ㶨ӻʲôȻʿ
أҫһѣǼ˰춼޷˼ֺȻһӵʿ㶨ˣĶ˵ȥ
ôһٶ統ȻҲ⣬˵Żһͷ˸Ĵ磬Ц
վǵ͹Ÿոһת෭ڵصֻצһӵ棬ͷǰһ죬һھͳ˹ȥ
磡Сı󣡡
³ͻȻŵһ󾪽УջعͷȥѪѾ̽˿С
Ϊ˰ǰ֮ɣƲͼסǵûӣһͳɤ˹ȥžࡱһѾĶ
̵磬һҫҪ˹ϵıȴȻӲסɫ䣬Ѿһǿҵʹȡ
ʱȻĶﴫ
ƣΪĻǲǣӽ㳢Եζ


480 Сһ
Ҳ֪Ķأ֮Ȼһ췭ظڣڵֱĶ˼˵ǰȥҲڶǰҿˡ
ͼڵϴʮӵĹһҹײ֮󣬺Ȼ֡ͨһڵϣһһҲûվ
ǣǶˣ
һڵϣҺͼֶү׳ŵӴ˹ȥɾʱȻ͡һഫүϽܹȥһֻƨɵĲλһѪܵĳζ
էһ͸Ʋ࣬ϸһֶүȫõһѪܵζȻһѪﻹƴ׽ˣִսһ硭
磿
һۼƨЩ㵡
ʱֻѪ硰ͨһڵأǵûۣһЦ
˲𰡣װǲǣûջӰҧջ
˵Żǿƨɺ棬ȻϢһ˵Сıզ
ԱϽ˸Ĵ硪
磬ţƴˣոոһֻϹޡ
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˵һĨ죬Ȼ˸ãڵѪȳζżֶүӭѬϽһ
ֻĶ˵ģΪأҲ˺һһھҧĳθȻ񫣡̫ˣ
˵ʱҺͼֶүȫסʱһЦ˵С˵ǰǲʲô°˵ʲôûƨۡûƨۡضˣҸѾҧһ
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Ĭ֮󣬺Ȼֶүʵôĸӣ㣬ˣ
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纬Ц˵ͷ˵ҧĳθȻͼиɫĹ㣬սһȻⶫڷŹ⣬ҾȥĶ֪֮͸оθͻȻԽԽãǳ˿θ˺÷һȻһһԣ̫ˣҲ֣ǰţŶԣôԿˣ
˵ŻأһȻӵڵһд
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Ȼ˿ڣŵǸϽ˼ҲطȥԶһûֻǴ΢ٶȿڣҦТҦТ㡭һš
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һҦТС̴˳ʵΪΣΪβɱ㣿
˵˵ԼӲɱ飬Ƿһ飬һծ˵⾮ʱ򣬻ᡭһȡʳ֮ģ֮Ƿ֮ծɻҲǲӣұֿ֡˼䣬˷ˡ
˵䣬Ŀ⳯ǹžɨȥֿڵջǱǺڣˣ뾮֮У롭һ
˵֮Ҳƣ޽ƲƿɾͲ֪ˣһۣǻǸϽž˹ȥ
ھڲıԵϸһ֮󣬻濴ʫʯ塪
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Ϸɳ⣬ͼҵա
︮˶壬Բҹͬ
ǰϣСһ
ʫ䣬С˲侪סȻѧߣǼһҲʫ֮еĺ壬ò̾һλġࡱҦТܺ¡ѵ˵Ѿ϶˹Ž
ʫ˼ܼ򵥣ֹԪָȻǺԪĴΰҵֹڡԪɢ˵ʧ˻֮ϷɴָȻ馣췴ԱֱȡƷʞɵϻλͼҵȻ͡աˡ
С˵ҦТ췴ʱµһı֮ǰ︮Ľ֮һΪӵ馣ҦТϧ︮һȺĵʞɵͬǷĿɳղ馵˽ɽֻ︮︮תƵĮ֮ؼչ
ľʫҲдϸҦТ֪︮еͬǴҸ嵨Բᱳʞɶվ馵һԼۣͬ˵ֻʹɱķĿɳ𣬵һ˵Թ
ʫһ䣬ҦТ⣬ͬ˵ҦТծˡ
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Сһѵ˵Сƻٶ֮ؼҲ㵽ˣ
һ˵˼ֱ̫ˡ
ʫ䣬Ȼͷ˵ҦТͦģɲ̫ðҸˡ
绰һڣСζس˹ȥֳһŬ˵ȥҧСһڡ
ʲʲô
㶵СῪЦǸôãҧ
ٷϻҧҧ
СƱϾ︮ŭĶҲӣֻץҵĸ첲׼˺ݺݾһڡ
һڿɹݵã۵ҶʱһҽУת˲֮䣬ȴоڵȻʼҴͬ˳ҧеĸ첲һ㡭


481 ʯ
ҧ֮ҵͷθˣϽͣɿ죬͸ҧѪˡ
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СƵ˵ͷԾһпҦТҦТȻҽһʦ壬ǰ︮ôңû뵽Ȼôһݴ񡭡
С⣬⵽ôһ¶ٶȾʡ
С΢΢һЦԵ֮ĵԭӦڷԴҲһҧʱȡԷˡ
С˵⻰ˣ˿ĭ˵˼ǣԺٸ˭ҶôˣֱҧͿ£
ûȻСƻش⻰ֻѾӶڷˣȻҲܳá
һͷһͼѾſվǻ߹
㣬ܶˣһ
˵ͷֳ˵㿴Լȡ
һ˵⻰̵ͷԼ˫˹ȥһҪͼ˫ھҵزš
ֻǣԼҲһ£Ͻ˵⣬ô£ҵôˣ
ֻ˵Ĺ˫־ȻҲʼԾط˶ʱֵԡ
ͷæѧ֮ǰҪų𣬿˼ȴûгɹ
ʱȴоոձߵ𽥵ػָ
˰ɣ֮ĺȻܹһȡ˵ֻãվġ
һڣȻ˵ضԶԶֹڴˣֻ㻹ӦܸõգСﰡ
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˵ŻСƻͷֳžһۣżֶүʵ֮ǰ˵֮һֱ⾮⣬һҪץס׹̽ףΪ˾Ķ
ֶүһϽ˵ͷΪ˾ĶҲô¶Ұ׹̵쵽ˣ˵浽ײʲôҲչ˵ϰߣػ֮رضб
С˵ͷ˼⻰ȷʵ٣ҦТĪ⣬ȷʵӦúúõú±ȽϺáֶүôͷȥɣרҵʿҲʲôأС
ֶүҲû껨СƵĻӦһСҲҵ֮С
Ϊһ˩ڽʵʵ˩ĲϵģΪ˶ܰסǼֶүһֱӽ˾УһԲԼһС˾С
ֶүһȥҲȥͰʱСƵִڴȥ˶ӣ˵أúϢͺá
Ϊ︮ĻСƶô˵ˣҲû˵ʲôȻֻҺͼֶүȥ⻹ǲģҲ˵ͷ˾ߡ
ڼ£ֶүһһƶܿͽ֮ǰûҩЩڹ۴ΪҩըԵʣĹѾյڵģҪߣֶүȴȻһԴȵȣи
ֶүһ˵ҸϽѭָķͷȥȻͼ澮ڵĹ۴ȻըһںĴΪǶڹ֮ڣҪϸͱȥˡ
˦ȥһżֶүžھƶ˹ȥ˸ǰһ۴ըĴƺùһȥҿɲüֶүȽȥˣΪȷȫԼǰ档
ںģҲûκεȥһͼһضһֱǰĺڰ֮С
ЩСǰʱ޷ֱֻӻн
˼ӵĹ򣬾͸оƺԽţ֪ʱѾ˳Ŷһտ֮ڡ
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ҸϽַųһգֻиʮ׿խķģıں͵涼ƽ⻬ƺ˹ĥһ
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ҲɵһСƵ֮д˳ȻҦТغйء
ҵ˵ͷǰȥԱ㽫ϸ۲һ£ȻûѪɫâһͼǰĴͷұ¾Ȼڷ˶ʯס
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һߵײǰҲԾ֮ǰ־סųСƵǼǵʱײĽʬˣʯһţȻЩԥ
ֶүһԱЦЦ˵ô︮Ҳкµʱ򣿡
ȻˣĹ̫ˣ˭֪ײֻʲôֻ֮ˡ
˵Ż˫һ¡һͽײĸӸ˿ֶүҲŵһ


482 ʫ
ײĸӴ򿪵ͬʱȷŽȥҲҳײ˽ȥûжһʯ׵ĸϸһͼڹײģһѾ֧顢ֻܿʬǡ
ʬһЩĿףѾĿȫˣϸǿԿӦƬƳɵģ״벿ֶѾɢˣʬǵΧɢŲѾۼԵƬ
ӣӦʱڵףǴƬס
ֶүмңֻɨһۣѾͷͷǵظҽƬƶɵģʱڵձΪ֣һףһۼףڶԴƬΪ𽥱ۼȡҶʱڣ˹ļй׵ʹҲͳ׾ˡ
˵˼һ£ֵͷֹҲ²⣬ʬʱӦڣΪһʱڵ׷ԣǰءҶڶ䶼ֳĶԱȡΪʲôһߺʱʬأ
˵Żֶүʬϸϸоһȴҡҡͷ˵⸱ǼѾõòˣʯҲûκεڤƷΪߣǿڶʯס
ȷײû֮󣬼ֶүҴмǸʯ֮ǰҴ򿪡
ûһѾƿʯ׵ĸӣһײͬҲһ߼εʬǣʬǵϴѾˣһѾ˵Ĳ£·˵Ƚá
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˵ŻֶүȻһ˵Сӣӽá
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ͼֶүһ·һֶ˵˵·û·ںʱڷǳǵʱŮĴŴ磬ҲôոǾʬѾȷԣҵҪʬǡ
˵䣬ѾʬĹ˼£ְԵͷ˵ȻǸŮûȻͨŮˡ
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ֶү⻰һڣ˲侪סôأڹײ̳֣ǹײأ
ҸҪʣֶֻүѾר־ڹײһ£󾪺Щ̵ֿеֿ֣ʯϵλ˵ʱӦͷڵ򣬲ȴҲ࣬Ϳλü䲻ټϵб̶ˣӦǸƲӡŵʯϿ̵֡
̵ʲô
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֣͵һΪʲôʯ֮ڣȻᵽߡ֣߲ǹɽ֮вľĵط
ʲôѲɣصʯͷȻ׹ʲô
Щʱֶүȴڼоʯڿŵ֣Ȼָʯһ֮£Ȼ¶С۵
衱


483 
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ӦǸֶ֣үһۣȴȫͷ
Ȼ벻ʲôͷּڴһоҳһЩ
Ǻܿϧʯ֮⣬ƺûκĶ
ϸоһֶ֮үҲûо˳˾ڣɸոմӾȥһ˲侪ס
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ڴ죬һ׹̽۵ĺֳֻǰ˶Ѿס˫֣ڵϡ
ƴɱЩ׹̽ڰȴãҲס
һҷǵû·Цһ˵Ҿ֪ǻ׷ֻû뵽ĿɱҪö࡭
˵䣬ҳǰǺһָЦ˸ҴŲŵģ
˵Ϻ׹̽һźɫ֣͸ֻ۶Ǽһ˿ţٿһԵĳޱҲһ㵣͵һһԼ͵֣ģں˵ʲôҰô
ǺǣޱֳⱼʿᴩƤЬ𣿡
ֳǺ˽űһָŴλõĺ֮£¶һ˫ںڷƤЬ
ȻǮˣϰʱǮҲ٣Ь˵üǧɣɲЩʿġ
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Ÿ׵ĻޱȦѾˣԼĸ׳Ĭ֮źȻʣ֮ǰ˵ɱ㣬˵ǲģ
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Ȼݺݵ˳ޱһۣŭ˵ʲôʲô˭ȻңôΪʲôӣΪǰֻк׹֣ǲܻøߵ棬ЩСģ㲻𣿷ſ
Ȼһ𣬰ųޱĺɿ֣ޱط
ֻ˵⼸Ұ˲£ԼʽΪܱ߰н˺ֶܶŵ㣬׹̵ĵλѾ죬׹ͳ磬飬Ҳһ㣬̫ˣΪŵձңôֻȻҲ롭
˵ŻѾݺᣬһѾͽޱ§˻УޱƴȴִԴӣǵˣֻʣСˣǣҪ뿪ңңĶΪǰ
ΪԼҰġ
⻰˵ģҲǼֶү˵ģһŮˡ
˵ŻŮѾȺ˹ϵĺƿǧѩ
ǧѩ㣬ô
⡱һΪ֮ǰߵѾڲǰסǧѩֽš
Ҹһ꣬ǧѩЦΪƾǼ׸ܵס𣿡
˵䣬ǧѩֳͳޱ˽سһۣһ˵ЩŵܣҲŪˣ񺦵׹̴££µһȥúúø˵˵ˡ
ʾǧѩһ˵ͰϢṩǣͱ׹̵˹ͣûڵȷʵеԿƣЩڱ˵ԼıأҷֵģԲܾôװ׵͸ǡ
⾮ûбء
ֶү̾˿˵ֻײģϲѡһʵģģʲôûС
סڣ϶û뵽Ҳңھ˼˵
ѣǺǣŮвңôĸԸİôꣿ
ٷϻǾûж˵˿ɲ㣬һѲ֪ˣ
һЦּ伸ѾҺͼֶү˹ҸϽȽ䱸ѾһŲͷϣ˵ģñ𷴿ȻĻ⼸ֵܵɾ㽻ˡ
˵ɿĳޱЦЦ˵ŮְֵĻǰһְ֣òãȻ費ˣɱϾְֻڣͰְַĿɳ𣬰ְֻ۵ġ
ޱͷ˼ջεص˵ͷ
һϲЦ˵ܺãǰְֵıŮԺһ˺úŬȵ׹˼ƻ˵ǵˣ
֪֡ˡ
ޱٶףɾڳ޽䱸֮ʱͷʹ޵ĳޱȻ͵һͷײؿϣշڵأޱֻͷһѱס˰Ǻˣһ˵˵ϡ
ܣ
ޱһڣ͵κ˫ֱţֻýųǧѩ˹ȥ
߹ǧѩɻԶأžǧѩ߷ڵأʱҲѾζȣΧļը˳ȥ
µײ˰Űĺˣһ߷˰ĺˣ˵˶ţһƴֿһʱʱȺ
Ҳû߬ӾͳȺֱǧѩȥ


484 Ե
ֵܣ
ûҳ嵽ǧѩǰͼѾһͳȥһŵͬʱȴѾǧѩɶ
ɻûĽŷأͼǧѩȻһת̧һ˦߳ͬʱѾְ߷ڵء
磡ɣ
Уӻô꽭ѵСǶʰˣ
һֳۣǧѩȥռ·磬ϾԼ˫ֻڱء
һô棬ҲôмٲһţǳҸϽס˫ֵֵܶʱʮ׹̽սһš
˵ǧѩôסʡµʮԼȴҲǸ֣ȻöԸǳϴٲľ飬һΰСģ
ͼ׹̽ڲʱȻһ˵С㱣üֶүͳޱǣҡ
˵䣬Ѿһ˳Ǹ̵һ׹̽ڵļֶүѷغˣֻˣɲǷˣҲ̫Ʋͷ˰ɣ
ȻѾûջĻˣѾܵ˳ǰ
ȻҲ֪öԸϽ˼һ֣ΧѾŰӭȥɰȻѾľûз֣ɺ޾ɫ嵽ǰʱоͽ̵ڵء
ʱѾӿڴͳŷ͵һ³Ű˦˹ȥ
ңƾˣȴû㣬קһԼĺˣ͵һžӭŷ˹ȥ
ŷ˲Ǻ˵壬ûȺ˷ӦѾ˹ͷһ㣬һӾ͵˵ϣͷ̧ˡ
һЦǺǣȻϣĵȲ廹Զأμ䲼󣬶ȴУ㻹Ҫŷġ
һ˵˲߳ŭһ˦֣ŷѾ֣Ű˹
ûõģѿļΪܰͬһΣ
˵ֲŲæӭŷ˹ȥۿŷҪϣȻͼһּ̧֣佣ָѾסмһŻֽûŻֱֽ߻ֻּǻֽһΣŷѾһתų˹ȥͬһʱ䣬ŷķҲѾƾըŻ⡭
žءһһ׹ڳͷըͬʱѾӦء
ϴΰϣֻ͹ʵһΣҿɵüӱˡ
ŲæǰߣһѾǵغϵŷ˺ҲѾҧгݴӵֳŰݺëͷСӱ̫϶Ĳݻħ죬ɻֲң
˵䣬ͼҪ֣Ȼŷ䶼ûȼȥأȻžžž죬ŷ侹˲䲢ؿڡ
㡭ʲôʱ򡭡ķ
ַֹûҶһ£Ƕ̫ˣû˵꣬Ѿͨһ˵ϣ̱վվˡ
⡭ⲻܣ㡭㾹ȻҲ˭ġ
ľֻ¼΢΢һЦ˵ʦ㰡Ҳ˵ˣͬһΡ
ʱһ㤵زҽѾӶڷǸŮ˵
ǽһŵü˶ͣס֣ѭԴһüһͼǧѩϣݺݺҧǧѩء
ҽǴǧѩĿдģʱͼǧѩƴ̧֣һƽһƵϳ飬ûһ߼ݺҧǧѩһߵ۴Ｗһ仰
ģΪֱסʰǲǣǰŮʬϰˣ㣿
˵ĹһΪǧѩݺһžͰ߷˵ϣ綼ûͼѾǺһߣһСʮѾ߳ߵǺֱɡ
ǧѩҲѾûݶˣȻЬһģЬ׽лģʽֻǧѩһ𣺡СӣȻ㲻Ҿ
ȻѾЬﰵصУķ䡭
ɵǧѩһʱ㶼ûһ£شǧѩһ֮¶˹ȥһְסǧѩͬʱһһ̧ȣһѾǧѩĶͷǧѩղҽŵͼһȥԾ˫ǧѩһУһ̸ǧѩ䡭
һʮأǧѩĶܿöһξֱѹڵأûأѾ쳯ǧѩҧȥǼҧǧѩҽУһѾҧüʮӡ
ûǶӲֶҧ㣡ҪˣҪˣ跳ˣ
ǧѩĲͣˣƼ̳ͬʱȱҲ̳˹
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У
˵һھ͡ҧǧѩϣǧѩŵֱۣȻȻãȻ޴桭
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ûãȺ׹̽Ѿڵϰˣٿ磬ѹǧѩϼף·ѾȫĻ
ͬǣʱ˿̵ǧѩûֻ첲Ѿļϡ


485 ҾҪ¶
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衭
̾˿װһǧѩŷ˲ԣţͼһ죬ǧѩɵЦٿǧѩǺøƻһֿʼ
ҲûǣϽѵ绰ͳߣԱѯǲǰȫ
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һңȹùøϽܹұס۵ѯʵֶӣû˰ɣ
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˵Ĺ򣬳¹Ѿ˶Щ˵׹̽ͽץ¹Ѿڵص˲¶˼־㵣תͷ˵ⶫǴô
¹һʣƲ˵749˶ˣһ˵ļһֵñ͵507оȥ˰ɣ
749񵽵Ĺﶼ507һһܹȷģΪ507749רڸʵ顣
ȥľɨһ֮󣬳¹ȴһϵľ
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֪ңΪСµ¶Ҳңһǰ˹ȥһЦЦ˵¹ˡ
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Ǻǣ죬֮ǰһʱͻʬȥ507оɣ֮սʱͷ߲õ֤
ǣ˵ĸ˽Ƶģ֪֪ΨһľһŰ߽ȥ
¹һЦ˵泯˹û˵һһţҵԱߣ̾һ󣬽˼ڵ̵ݸҡ
ҽӹһڣֻ¹üͷ̾˵ʵڵģҶ507ȷʵѾʧȥΣ֮ǰ749ֺ507һֱں״̬ô˴ղͷԼ麣ʬҲ749ṩ507оģǵֻϣͨ507о⿪ħһЩţû뵽507ΪνĹȫȻܽLHʵ飬̫ˡ
˵Ż¹ɨһۣһѾֽ˻ȥһ˵Сӣţ˹˽ڹȻҾͲᶯ㣬˽ٸ׽ҵܵܵ¶ûꡭ
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ҲڶѨĳޱ˹ȥԼĸױץߣǸոյ֪࣬³ޱ飬Ƕ⣬ͼֶүҲڲͣذο
ӣ˵㻹ýһүأ裬ҵŮ
ֶүһڣޱĵɨһۣû˵
ֶү̾˿˵ţ˵ģֻΪҵЩ⣬Ҳ̫ҡУһݴûб¶ףܣʵҵҲܣϾ衭ҿųġ
ֶү˵ޱѾʪۿϽͷ˫֮䣬ʧʹʱ˿̣˭
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ǰǷҪ׷ʲôᷢɼȻѾˣʲôҲ޲ˡ
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ޱվߣԥһ£ջҼ֮󣬸Ͻĳޱ˶Ѩ
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Ϊһ֣һһͥޱҲǼǶ
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ʱδų߰ǧѩЬˣհЬһ䳰ȷ˵ߣǸⶴôʯͷ˼Ьˣ˼ô죿
һ˵ٶ죬ЬҪһЬӡҲ֪ûٰߣôţ㻹û򹻰һֱЬʲôʱ͵͵͵Ǽš
˵¾飬︮ΪǣǸˮ©ˣҲΪˣ˳µĵõ︮˵
ӲҲ֪Ҳÿǧѩֵʱˣÿζս˾ܿóϾߵʵҼޱض֣ǧѩɲĶ֡
Ȼ߸ǧѩЬɨһ˵㴩ҵġ
˵Ż߾ȻԼЬǧѩϡ
Աһֲˣ߹ȥһ˵أСһкţȾ˼Сզ죿
ʲô˼ô죿
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Ұ˭˭ܵ𣿡
ڶһͷߵļֶүҲֵһ˵ϰסŮȨУĶĶ㡭
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һ֮Ű˹ɻʵոմʱǧѩˣ
ޱص˵ͷߵ˵ͷ˵ĽӡҲܿǲǻͦң
ոǡҡһĻϽֵ˵ͷ˭ûҶ˵һ֡
ͷֹǧѩߵòᣬԴˣɵˡ
Ҳûٶʣּǰߣ࿴һۣҲֻܹԹԸȥ
˿һѾȫ749ӹˣصľҲܵϼЭ749참һһȺȺԱѾѿ󳡸ΧסϰٺŵĻҲͲˣϾŸĿɸɲǹģɢ
¹ǰһ뿪Լָ749Աʰоֳ֡
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487 Źž
һԣ˭óҴ
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үһڣҵĿⶼ㼯˹ȥͼүֳżֶүɨһۣʵү۹ŶСĹе飬û˱˽⣬ʲô뷨
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İɣ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵
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үһڣͼСѾڷɳҲӱһүʵȻΪʲôҲ֪飿
Ϊ︮ŹžʱѾȥˣžʱһйأһճʱѾһٶˡ
үôһ˵СƲŻȻ򣬡Ŷһ֮ʣǣŹžʲôֵ︮ʱ׷飿
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Ϊ£һܺȤ˵ǻƺͷ϶һɫİߵ㣬ߵԴΪʱž˺ˤġ
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һ¶ЦүȴЦ˵Сӣ֪㲻ţҸ㣬ʵڵأ
үЦأһ˵Ҷʱһ㶡
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ү췽ҹ̷һ㵡
Ŷ˵ӦòİΪڹŴܶħ־С˵в඼йἰǡμǡմ칬һΣֱӴŴʴ۵칬һ׳졣
ҼǵãӦǸִ˵ͨ칬ҪŻԹ񲻵ĴŵĹ£ĳ汾ĽפأɼһŻ칬Ҫԡ
йᵽΪףž֮ԳħҪͻţȴûҷ³
ţԹἰŵĹƺֻһǾǡԾšĴ˵˵š͡šȫţൽһδЩŹˣΪԾšĹУڵϵģס˵ϵĺˮǸ߸ھ칬һ࣬ôܻΪһأ
ûǷӦүѾԴԴ
ţ˵ɴ٣˵û˼ûȷǷڣ︮һֱе£üĿ
ү˵֮︮԰Ѵ˵еϵһֻҪԭ
һӵͬá
ţǶ֪޼֪︮ǣڴˮʱɴġ
ΪʱǶԹɽ˽⣬ѲİΪ֮ս˼˸컻صı仯
ݡؼǡɽںӶ磬ɽһ࣬ƺ£ͨÿ꼾лԺ֮һУ߲ʮţ֮ԺβͻΪƼأڹŴеҲȽϳ
үΪǼ˵һ´ŵĹ¡
¾˵ƺӵˮſʱԼڸɽϿ֮䣬ĩ˾ɽ޷ͨУ˺ˮûΧĴׯͿ̿
֪֮ٽɽĵطӵһţˮԽٽţӴԽĻƺܵϿȵԼ㱩ŭʼֱײҪײϿȣȴɽϿȼѹںӴμֻ˳ŴĺӵŴŷɳˮգٴӿвˤȵףγһٲͬһŭ޴Ļһ㣬ˣյ
֮ү˵Ҹո˵ġؼǡҲмأ֮ÿ¶ҪԾţΪԾűɳܹɹŵȴ޼ɴ˿ɼԾšᵽġš봫˵дˮʱġšͬһͨԾšĹҲԳһ裺ΪʲôԽܹ֮أ᲻Ϊŵ⣬ԭͬ磬磬ԭֻһ֮أ
ү˵ʱҶѾ˳˼
ţħ֮սɽ
뵽Щ뵽֮ǰʯڷֵʫ䡪
һâȲǾ׻ʱµó
ѵ˵һ֮䣬;ĳصϵ


489 ʬ
ȷ˼άĻү˵ȷʵ޵šⶫ˭İһַָ޿ռʵ壬Ȼǿӻ߹ر߶ռĳڡ
Ȼšװڽڵװãָ޿ռʵ壬ôźġأ޵Ŀռ䡱
ӡԾšĹǾֻ֪ܵǸɽ֮䡢̨֮ϵĵһ壬˵һţ˵һһװƷȴƫƫšеˡ
һɽϵһһʱҾȻ˫ɮ
Ϊħ˫ɮ˹˵Ψһܺéɽ׻ʦĸ֣Ȼȴڲձ׹ջ󣬱︮
׹Ϊջǡ֣
£׹̰ռɽѾΪʵѵ˵νġšڣѾ׹̵
˼ʱͼүѾָ΢Ц˵ո˵ģţ˵˵šɡ︮ΪѰ֮ϵ˺ܶŴĻֹڡšŵνйġ׾ͷ֣˵νġšʵҲֻһ㴣ϵĶѣûΧǽûդֻһţ칬ȴֻΧǽդûеţ벻칬
˵үɨһۣЦʵСӣѾ˵ô࣬ʲôµ뷨
үһʣҶʱ˵ͷüͷ˼ƺеˣչżأźŵ£ţΪǰӵĲͬʱ䣬пǡͬ硭
˵꣬ү΢Цŵ˵ͷ˵ʵֻΣѵǲԾŵữΪŵ˾Ϳֱ칬Եɣ񻰴˵֮УҪͨŶϼѵ飬ǵĴڵĻ㲻дһֺ΢Ĺ𣿻˵߱ͬһֶ
ү˵ֵ˵ͷʱһʵүɳ˭ʲôϵأ
𼱣˵£ˡ
үָ֣ǽһƺɵĹ
ʼ겻רʵ룬ʿ츣ΪѰ֮ߣ°ǰᵽ츣ݺݵƭʼһΣѳƳѰɵҩǧ˺ƱӵڵձΪ
үȴһࡪ
ĩʱ︮ҵһȴϸһι츣Ĺ¡
ү˵ϼأ츣֮ǰԭĴѰٳ֮һɽ֮ѰһšȻǰо·츣뾡취޷һֻϡ
츣Ω췣δѰػʴ֮ݱãԶɶһȥʼӹУŶһ֪
˵үȻֽд֡
˷硢衣
˵Ȼʼʶŵµ֪飬¼䱾ûв͸ǽ츣ϢйϢջΪĳԵй¶˳ȥұȡ֮ĺ֪
ѵҲŸȤ
Ǻǣ˭볤
үЦݴأʱ֪ѾǹҪЧʼʵóǡɵ֪˵츣ŵϢǲϧؽرзŮΪѰ䣬ǲһ·͸棬ݼأʱ;ŮɽѰģΪĽ
˵Żүָֽϵ֣˵ˣһ˷磬һ衣
⻰⡱һʱһʵзʯף˿С衯ֵʯǿյ֮⣬һһŮ
һ˵һ룬ֶүҲ˵ͷ˵ûѾϸһһŮסȹۣǺڵķΣѵ˵ո˵ľŮ˷磿
ⲻûпܡ
ү︮ĵ飬νľŮʵǵʱŮ䣬ܾСĳһλŮ棬ʱЩѾþһˣǸΪ׹̡ǾŮԼλļأʷҰʷ֮϶ȼʣϣҲûеõʲô̫û뵽ҦТȻҲʹйء
ʱֻС˵λҦТʦ˼ܡµˮ©룬ʱʬʱѾҶǲ˸ңϾϵԼ췴Һ︮ĵַĿɳˣûԼķָǰɡ
˵ﻨСüͷ˵һҲ̫ףȻ˴ûϱ︮ΪʲôֻὫ˵ʬײʯأ

һֱü˼İȻһ̧˵ҦТ֪޷ƽʬصܣͬһͬؼյ㣬Ա
е
СƵ˵ͷȴֶүһ˵ֵ˵ȷʵеҦТµȻʬ壬ߡ
ߣ⻰ôһ
ֶү˵ͷ˵ǱˣĹⷽ棬Ҽ˼Ͽмң֮ǰС¾ʱһ۾Ϳʯ׾ǺĶǴʽǻƣȻĹգȻʯסġ


490 ֱ
˼˵ҦТһʬ壬µʯǣ
һڣԼȾס˵ⲻԾ
˵ʯҦТģǵʬҲʯŶ԰Ϊʲôȴǿյأʯڻһʫ䣬Լ衱֡
뵽һëȻ̲סѿڶ
ѽѣѲǸ衭ǻģ
ٿˣɫҲѾѿ
Ĭһֶ֮ү˵⻹治ûпܣһʯϸ̵ֿššģȻһڹײʱֵذ׿ģȻˡ衯֣ǳ裬ΪʲôԼأ˵Ҳ֣ǻģΪʲôֻᱻҦТؽײأ
һʱ䣬ϯͷҶüͷ˼ɺȻһֱһԲ˵һֿԣǸ貢ûٶȸ˹ⲻûпܣʲô£ţһҵţҳпܽӴţ
˵Ȼͼߵһ͵һ¾վ־ˣ麣麣ıһֱһ׵˲ͨ񣬸ϹʱָƣҾȻѾΪ˺ë麣ΪЧѵ˵
衭̲סѿڶ
һĬү˵ү㻹û˵Ů˷硢ȥѰţ֮ʲô£
֮ʲô£˭֪
үҡҡͷ˵ЩϾѾ̫Զˣֻ︮ЩǵҲȫǹԭԭĸԭһǿȷģǾǺûеõ֮գ˺һƬھŮ˷硢赽ҵûУͲ֪ˣʷȷʵûжΪĺ佫йϸļء
ү˵дšʫ䡱ֽţ˵֮︮̽Լзֵ֪ǣǴڵģҼпڲ֮գ︮õǷŹžӦþλõĵعͼѰŵУһܻţһֱĳĿģڰĬĬزٿһСߣŵĴģôܾͲڹɽϵС
˵䣬үֽãһΣָµĵطʫһ䡪
µ
ү˵꣬ߵɫѿ
¿ɲˣԭѾյϢ׹ɽаһ֧µĽʬԥһʬƻֹͣѾõ˽һļ䣬һѾõ˴˵еŵĻǡ
ûм˵ȥȴսľؽ˻
һ֧޼᲻ݵġʬ
һ˲䣬ڵտǰ
⣬Ѿطˣ˲ϮĿֲȴѾǵ˯ȫϴ
УǲԴУ
ͻȻվŭ˵ȥϵ¹ϸϵɽȥ
ϵ˹ɽΣ
үЦҡҡͷʾ£˵ڳ嶯Ҳûãµ︮ȫԱԼ749ȫװҲ׹̵Ķ֣ðȻжǱذɡ
ô죿ǲϽ֣ѵ׹̳ǣʱ˵ħһ٣޹ϰҲΣա
ҵȻֻ֪˵ðȻжȴû˵жɣ
˶ˮʱүȴһЦƺ˶Ӧ֮ߡ
һϽʣүѵѾʲôð취
̸ʲôð취ֻ˵ð֮٣мʳɹðգҲбҪġ
үҲˣϽ˵үͱ˵ƿˣʲô취˵
Сɰȡ㡭
үͻȻָһ£ֱһ㶡
ңôˣ
Ҫһ£֪Ҳң
¶ֱ˵ֻҪȥ
仰͹ˣġ
ү˵ͷ˵Ҹո˵ˣðȻжĻѻʯԣǾģĶֻ׹̵Ľģ˵ἤŭǰǷ𹥻
ô죿
ܼ򵥣ûдģûСҪڿʼߵÿһˣ̵ʱҴһ֧ȫ︮Сֶ
үһ仰͵͸ңЦŵ˵ͷ˵үĻˣҴһС͵͵ǱɽƤӵ£ȫ̼ƻƻǲǣ
︮749дģٶĻһһʱע⵽Сֶ͸︮749ɢ׹̵ע֣ᷢ˵ǷˣҲ޹ʹᡭҲˣ֧СֶһҪǿܶ࣬︮սϣҪϺݺݵĲһȻ󲿶ͦɽ׹̵Ϻзһɨ⡭
Ǹð취
һ֣קһ˵СӣãⷽҺȤʱ֯ʱǵһ
㣿ҿ˰ɡ
һ죬үҲЦǺԱҡҡͷ˵ǰߣ֧ɼȥ
ΪʲôҺôҲʮ֮һô˵Ҳ︮Ķսɣ
ǶսûϷ棬ȷܺЩëͷСһȥ˵ˡ
ү˵û˵ȥ͵͵գһۣ˼Ȼᣬﰵӻ˵ˣϱ˸ˣ㳤ڴߣǵԴԴɡ


491 
̸£ҲѾɷˣҲûٵʱ䣬ү껰ϽͽǸԻطȥ˯ˡ
үĻȴҵĵףСֶӣԼһ·ϣѾʼѡ֧¹ҪСֶӵԱ
˶¥ԼķأȻںﴫһϸһͼȵĵϣ˯š
˵ôˣԼз䣬ô˯ˣϸһ˹
ԣŵĵطƺԼſڣǹѺǧѩķ䡣
뵽ҸϽ˹ȥҡ֮ʵ磬Ѿأ
˯ذ۾ֹСϵģҷå
ٺ٣簡㿴ķ𣿡
ôһѣ˹ΧһҲԼȻȵĵϣһԴЦѽ㿴ԣ㲻˵ҶˣʲôҸСѩվء
Сѩ
֣Ҳ˸սһƲʵ磬˼õվ𣿡
ѽС㲻֪ǻ쵰̫ˣ˭֪СѩʲôСѩ¶һֱſţŵģ˯ˣ
ĻһѾԴжϳˣȻ涯ˡ
Ҳûżط䣬֮˸̣ЦǺʣ磬ǲǿǧѩˣ
Сӣ㣬˵ʲôأ
һʣȻˣһֵĴүǶȻ˫̧ͷˣҸһġ
һֱٺɵЦ˵Ȼʲʲôˣһ̧ͷͼǧѩķ侹ȻŵƵģҲûվš
û£žͱǧѩ˿ͷһɨڵϵ磬ʱҲһ죬Ѿķ
ǧѩϽʵ𣿡
ѩ㣬ġ
˵䣬ҳһָꡱһָָ˵ѩ㣬绹û˯أɱ𳳵
һ磬ǧѩϵıӵˣȻҲߣҲûиߣǸҵ˱裬
ҵֱ룬ֱʵѩ㣬
˵ǧѩ˵ʱѾߵͨ졭
ôˣɽﶼʲôҿɶˣ㣬㾹Ȼӭ
ҡûС
ǧѩҡͷһ¾վӵ˵ңûͷʵû취ˣšš
ѩ㣬ҵ˼ǣʱ㣬㾹Ȼס硭ûͷ
С쵰
ǧѩ߳ŭµͷ˲øһ
һΣҸϽЦ˵ѩ㣬û˼ҲöģҾ㡭硭ô˼
ʲʲôô˼ǧѩ˵
ٺ٣һһû˯أҿҲҴˣлֱ˵ɣǲҲϲ
Ҳţûء
ǧѩͷ˵ңֻǾúرʱҾ͸оȫһòϣǰС˵˵ĸо飬ãѵ˵ѵ˵ĶǱи飿
ǧѩһ˵ˣ˵ɲʹ˵ҧˣڼ̳ҧңҲʹ
⻰վû˵ڣһתЦѩ㣬˵ʵû׼أСʱҲĸо
㣬ǹС㣿ǧѩʡ
ЦЦ˵ǵȻˣֻϲһˣŻȥ
һһڣǧѩٶ˳˼
һԺۿǶ˫ΧȻҲǳҹδߣԭһҲ֪˼ɡ
ѾͷƽʱͦšĸǺõ˵龭ˣҲֻǰֽһš
˵̬ȣһûжʣ˼ҸϽվ˸ߣ֮黹ԼоȥɣҾ˯û⹦򡭡
ǧѩ֮һ¾ץסңʵֵܣղŸСѩʲôˣ
ܣ޹ء
ôһ˵ʱץģһûٷϻһ䣬ûþ˯ˡ

Ͼ˯һ˯ȻȻûСʱأȴһ󼤵ؼˣҲͷһȻǳ±ҵĴͷضҿ
ʲôУŲԼ⣿
Ҳͷ˳±һȴ±ѾһѽҴӴקٵ˵С˴ˣϽȥ
˵ʲô±˯Ҫɼ±еü٣ҲûǴ·͸¥߽ǰһ˲;ס
ͼ춯վͬסһĴվһˣˡ
ϸֻүȹùõϣ硢ɵԼȫֱԣüͷǰ
ǰֻʮ߬ŵǹѷſڶ˸ˮйͨһбüۣɷʮ㡣
˵ôˣö˶˵ģʲô鷳Ƭ֮Ѿ˹ƺһ˳ǰһȺȻɢȺ֮УͼһŮŶһ̫ʦϣضҿ
һۿȥŮ˲Ǳˣǳޱ
Ȼˡ
ޱ
һ׳ŵӾǰߣû߽أޱѾһűֽ˦˹
Ƿûͨ찡Լɡ


492 ͽ
ޱеıֽһѾ˦ҵϣһ˲Ҳһ㶡
ǱеĳͷͷдһĿı⡪
ͬ·ǰԵ׸ѳɱ
һ˲䣬͵һ¾;סһݣ˹
дǣϳҽԺ˼У賿ʱ̿ɱڼУϧǧΪѳ顭
էһĵһͷⱨ̫ĳˣޱǱɱģҲǱ749˸ץˣûôͻȻǳֱأ
תһ룬һȻȻ749ָɵĺ¡
749Ǹܲţ³¼ҳô£ǵȻعڹ֮ڣõķͨ͵֪ľԼý壬¼ιȥ749˵ɲʲô£Ҳǵһˡ
֮սʱһʱݵĴôңΧвٵĿߣ749Ϊ¼˵úܵըĽڣҽýۡۺܿͽԭܿѹȥ
ⱨҲɵһǱ749ˣΪʲôдΪɱأɣЩƣ
˼ʱȹùƺһ۾Ϳҵ£˪̫ʦ˵ȻΪΰ׹̵йܣһ749ץȥ϶ǲٷˡ
һȻ߬űֳֽޱ˹ȥ˵ޱ˵ЩĵĻֵֵز¶Ϊ㸸ԼǷøûκεĹϵɣʲô˼
ûϵǷõ飬Ǻö˶˵һˣôޱ˵
ǵĵѾͨͬˣ
˵ʱҳһۣҶ̲ס˵ͷȷʵҪ¼¼֮ǰҿޱͬ⣬ǳޱǮǼ׷ȥġ
һճڣͼޱɫһ䣬һ˵ûȷʵǵ¼࣬Ҳ˵ˣ£ԲܱҸĸ֣ðȻȥ裬ô
ޱԽ˵Խ˵͵һ´ͬʱΧʮŻѾĿӶ˳Ȼ߲ơ
ʱԱһŭǷúôĹӣ¼ҶǣӴ㹻ˣǵúúøǷװװ޲ɣ
˵䣬ֳųޱһۣݺݵһЦ˵Сİɣұ֤ԺԶ㣬ҪǸϾɱ
ȰϾɱ
³ͻȻûǻ˵껰ޱѾһ;ͳǻϣݺ˵ڽЩ˶˵ķݣװޣŲȸװһ£ҹȥ
ޱأЩСɲǣŵøϽ㵽˺棬ֻޱŭңƵ˹
ޱ㵽ôҲǳħ˼ƽвУ
˵Ĺ򣬳ޱѾߵҵǰһ̲סһɾʱȻͼޱͨһҵǰ
ۿųޱһٶֻңõ˲䶼ޱļʮŻҲɵۡ
ޱ㡭Ǹ
һʣޱѾߺ޵̧ͷɨһ֮ǻǴＷһ
ģΪͽ
㣬˵ʲôҾʵ
ҪΪͽ
Ϊʲôٶʵ
֮ǰ˵ǸȻʿԿħıʣڵļңһö˶˵ļ𣿡
ɣǡ㲻𣿡
ޡ
һһ˵꣬ޱ˵ͷ̾˿ֲʵ˵ҺǣǣҵļҲɺȻǣҲɵ鵽ô£סҳޱȻСͽɾԲǸƶ񲻷ֵˣԺ޾ͺްɣֻһ£㣬Ϊͽ
⣬ôأ
˵ʱ㳯λϵүɨһۣүȴʼ磬ͷȥûҡ
ȹùãΪ˵仰ȹùҲֻҡҡͷƲ˵˵Ҹڽħ崫ˣϳ֮⣬Ӿͽڸɽһ춼ûдùõģҲԼ㣬ԼǾɡ
ùãҡ
ʲô㰡ҵģ
ԥޱֽҧ˵ģ֮ԴôûҪʧܸգҵļѾˣƹˤҪôңȴһ׮ԸҪô
Ҫôô
ҪôҺú÷йҪķãǺҼǳ¼ҲǺǵģ֮ҪҲӡ
˵ʱͼޱĿ棬Ȼǻɲġ
˵Ůⶫ׽͸֪Լĸ˲ǣֻвһţھǣֱ͸ʱСһģһһ
ޱĿᶨԥ첻֪ôź֮սĿ⳯Ű˹ȥȰ㺰ǷõҪͽҲӦգο㶼ʮˣ
һûȺأȴȺеİѾװûƵģĶӲ
Сӡ
ٸƣҽֻΪʦ㵽գ
Ѿͷ˭ʦʱôӲ
ңޱ
ޱһڣһȺٶȽĵǹҪҡ
ãˡޱңա


493 
ͽⶫһֱΪӦǺңԶĲŶԣϾҲǸżŰİӵʿѣʦûʽݹһأĶʲôʸͽأ
ȻһȻǺ·ˣһӦ˳ޱҪΧֵһȺֵܷǶһﶼ̤ʵˣΪޱᳳҪҷˡ
Щ첲յĻ쵰ܿͲú˴ãҪھ;νİʦʽޱΨһһӣǸŮӡ
򵥵İʦʽ֮󣬳ޱеĻ춼˻ȥԼڷòˣҪǰ׼һ䣬˵Ҫס
ɵǲ֣ϾѾǷõĵˣסڷðæҲʲôֵҪ󣬿һ͵͵˳ޱУΪѵʵޱ⵽Ϊʲôǳ¼ҵĴС㣬趼£¼һкܶҵҪȥչأ㣬ôأ
ģⲻܡ
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ǣҾҰɣҶûˣô
⻰ڣޱȦԽغ۾Ѿʼʪ
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ޱһۣҲֻ˹ȥΪҰοһԼ˭뵽ҽӽĴʱһѾ⴫

ޱֳڵͬʱҲעȻһѾסҵ֣һѹ˴ϣȵĴѾ˹

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û˵꣬СѾһɨ˴ϵĻ棬ֻޱѹҵϣңƴ
С˲һ㶣ֻƬ̵ĹѾָ֮ǰĮһת˦һ䡰æ֮ѾֺŸıس˷䣬İŸǴϡ
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ĶпմϽǰܣ˵ټѡ裬ǧѩҪܱ£Ǿ˵Ϲ
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С㣬ҽͰ
ҸҪѸոյȻСѾְֻѶһʱҿ޵˼Уǰ˵һаٿĪ磬ڣ֪ʲôĸоˣȻСˡ
ͼѸոյСŶȴһǧһһʱҲûˣһ룬˵ŮʱըֽҪͷüͷԻǵԼ˵ɡ
һʱûжҲֻ̾¥ٻصʱͼŮѾõķ˶һȺææµµģ׼ء
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ŴһͼһϿĻͷСſںٺٵɵЦէһһûϳ˭ϸһϽӭ˹ȥ
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495 ҹ
һѾʮˣ˷׷ҪߣȴƴˣĿǲʱɨڴĹϡ
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ȹһ뿪ޱŻʱʧɫ˵ǣǳʲô
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ҽüͷҿÿǼ٣棬Ҳֻ˳·ѣ£νĿġ
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ӰӹʱҺͳޱö˸ţһһ㣬ޱ˲ŵõһϽŵس˹ƺѯҸô졣
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˵ǻĵأҲδķϳף⼾ڣĵ϶˴ɵ׽գһһ׽նѳһһѵģһСһ㡣
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ٺ٣롭롭
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أޱȴԱקһ£ƲһεҪקߣߣ߿ɾͱԶˣһתʱͷ
ڸɺ¶ҰѴ˳׽նһգգۼع׽վͱȼˣֱð˹Ȼûз֡
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ð㣬ǡǸʲôء
Ů˾лͷһҲŵõһȻӦþˣ֧ˡ
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һԽԽ֣׽նĳޱЦöˣޱݺһ£ǿЦһ˵ģǸʿ̫ˣ
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̫̫ûѣҺͳޱžÿݣһݾ͸оһɳζϮҲɵ
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ǺɫƤװŴƤ
Ѫܵ򡭡


497 ֽ
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СǰѻԪɡһĳɾľħҲҪվ쳤ſԳͰ
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ҺݺһҧסʹײƵĹϽŻڷ㶵ĳޱ㻹ɵŸʲôܣҳ
˵һ½ޱ˳ȥšһ˦ȣڿǹЦֽˡ
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ǸոܳԺſڣͼͬѾһ󼤵ؽкǰһ˵ؿˣٰӵĴ񶼸ովߣһƵĺѾżһǰ˹
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ۿһȺԽԽƵĺҲӵؼҿæС͵Ҳ͵ҼҶˣ
ƻһڣ̼ߣֻһ
˵˼ҵӶѣɱǧ͵˼ҡ
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С͵˼ôʵڸˣԩǣҹǴܣС͵Ź֣
һһ˼ĭų˹ȥ̵ʣưû°ɣȥ˼ң
Ǵ˵ż˾Ժߣ˵ؿоˣһǶϾ˭˭
ȴһ㣬ֽȻǽƸԻסˣȻԻƣȻҲԻĴ񣬹ȻûþͼѾƳ˳ûҿڣֳһͨߣͷɥĶ̫̫ӶǸˣ㿴ǹ¶ĸǮ𣿻˶
һͨƿڴ˹ߣ˵ˣظǰٿĪˡ
һҸæֳųޱ˹ȥغޱǮͳǿҿǴ󻧣С͵ŴôǮ𣿡
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һǰٿĪˣҸϽЩ񱨾Ͱץߣٵɳ֤֮ܿǵˣĶ֪ͷĴһ仰Ǵ嶼͵ͰץǱˣһ˵ôǣ
˵һǰ˱飡
ΧһȺʼ壬ͣţǶʯͷӼ¿ˮģһĹ򣬳ޱԭɸɾѣѾøзƵˡ
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ʱ˿̱˵ˣޱһŮãû򣬶ұڵ߸ȭ˰֮󣬻Ѿ˵ˡ
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İɣʿʶȳҪúܶ࣬ء
һһţޱһּæ˵㻹취ϽŪӴ߰
ߣа취ߣЩ񱩴𣿡ҳ
ǣĵأ
ħʲôڵѾȫʧȺֻҲЩ˴ˣģǳû취ˡ
ǣôѽ
ޱֱţֿϾȫ׸ҵĴС㣬Ķܹﰡ
Ǿޱʵģɣ
ǣʲôܵģСʱǴץС͵춼һ˱飬ιˮĥֱűþǸѾС͵Ūˡ
ߡ졭һ춼
ޱһӣȻǰһ˵ˣͨĵ绰һǵİɣ
Ӧûǣ۵Ȳˡ
һһڣޱʱһûأѾǰĺڰ°ͣޱǰһҲס
ͼԶҹɫУһ˷˵Ķһ󡰿߹ǸֽˣѪܵŮֽˡ
ޱ˲䵹һҪɺûڣһֽѾ嵽ǰһѾס˳ޱĲӡ
СŮ㵹ǽаŽа
ֽһЦޱʱ˿̱Ųӣˡ
ޱ¶ɫҸϽ˵ιҪңûϵֵĳ
ǺǣżҪ
˵ֽһ֣һֻҲѾҵĲӸס
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499 
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˵ֽѾɿҺͳޱĲӣһƮѾԶӰʧ١
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˵ʱԽԽףԾط
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ޱһڣŵ˵ͷ̾˿ǿ˿ڡ
ҲŶλˣûЩ֮Բ뿪ȫΪֽ˵Եʡ
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鷢죬ʬ屻͵صʱ¼οʣһֽͯŮͻȦΪ׷
ƵʱʮͣȻͻСҲ֪Ϊ¼ҲźԼĸףʢŭ֮µͰǶֽ˸ˣڵýŲ˴죬˵߲ܶڤܲ˭û뵽ΪƵʱľٶȻΪպ˻
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˵Щ۵飬ȫ֪飿
꣬ҡҡͷĿᶨϿңȻƭҡ
Ҿ͸ˣΪջС˵ֽ˳˾ҲֻΪеġڵħиص㣬Ϊ߻ԭûĶҲǲҪʳʬɾĻ۳ĵҲ٣ڵľ֣ܲǺ˺ɣ
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˭˭㱣
Ȼ˵ǿӲ˵ʱǰһУŵóޱѾֽ§סҵĸ첲޲ѾҵƵġ
ûиһȥصأϽֻԼҶǶֽ˵ľٶŰСʱĹѾָƬλСڵķصأһ͸о󣬴˻


501 ݹ
ģֵطĻ𣿡
ޱȻˣһ·һֱ§ҵĸ첲˦˦
СѾͷͲܽһʦ𣿡
Ƴһۣû˵ûҲ֪ʼûţֻֻֽ˶ѣôͻȻͳɾأ˵صʲô⣬֪֮ˡ
һ˵ţһ߽еķصڣ˵ʵҲЩϾԴֽ˵İ֮ǵҶѾʩչˣڼֱͬǷһ
صֵزѾȥˣܲյػطȥȱɣȱ˵򳵶򲻵ͽ߻طùѾˣ˵ҺôҲ︮˼壬ֱҼôĻȥȣԺĶŰ
ҵѾ޷ʹûߣ˽˷صأֻܽŴ¹һ̽ʼʱޱµĲУһֱҺСβһüؿײұϣϲ
ʵǷˣԾʹһȥתת©ʲôҪ
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ʱֻһֽѾӿ£͵һ¾ͳ˹
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ǹ˵ʱٶȾ㵣Ȼ˵СƺҶѵ˵ǵֵ︮ħ
֣︮񾹻ܺö˶˵ң⣬Զ׼ħԲöԸ
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˶ųޱһЦȻһüͷЦʣǳ¼ҵˣǸ¼ң
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ޱ˵껰ǹﷴһЦ˵˵ʵڵģҲƵطعˣܲص¼ȥԺǾ͸ˣˣôû뵽ð취أ
ǹһ˵ޱŵõһҲа˵㶼ץˣʲô찡֪ǹﲻͨˣ˵ǳ¼ˣʲô취
ޱȻҲʶԼ˵˻ǹﳯԼ´ʱսսʵ㣬Ҫ


502 ֮Ѫ
ޱһʣǹ˺ȻֿЦ
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ǸڳޱϵĹ˵תߣöʱźߣţ˳ޱһëҡ
ȻûҰѻ˵꣬ޱһΣѾһź֮ʧ
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Сƻû˵꣬Ȼֽһŭ𡪡
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˵ַӡһδȫգܹܲö֪һҲֻƴһˡ
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Сһ䣬Ҿ;ƮƮĶҪˣȻ֮ʣһҽȴѾǰ
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һˣָʬħĶ֪ʬħɲ⻰һЦ˵ǺǣôԼǴʴĳ֮ˣǺðȻôˣǾ˶ϣһҾͷˣô
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С˵ҵ˵ͷЦһʣȻֻڶһλ˭
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ۿźҪ嵽ǰһ̧ǺؿһУֻһ˲䣬ͼ֮ǰɳȥİѾԼڿն𣬾ͬһһ㣬һѪɫİ»һɫӰᡱһֱ˺ĺ󱳡
ûȺ֣Ȼ룬۵úһҽУû䣬ѾǰֱҵС
ҡһչȣû˵͵سǺһӣѪɫŰ磬һ쵶ںĲϻһѪۡ
ͬھˣ㣬һɡ


509 շ
һû˵꣬ϵĺɫѪѾ˲ɢȼŵԴһᣬžડһ˵ϡ
ؿڱ˿ڴմȾһѪɫֻһΣһȼ𣬽ͷʬС
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ҸϽһȻΪͷεĹϵһβ˵ϣɾʱǾ㤵عֽѪɫסĺѾӭ˹
ҿǽվվסˣĶ㣬ʱһСӰѾԵſ˽һǻܵͷң̾еĺɡ͵һ¾ͳǹ˹ȥС㡣
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ŭҽٶ쳹žͼһźѾӺͷĻз˳ڿȦ̳֮Ŵڴ˹ȥ
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СƵһҸϽǽվƴһ˿ȫ֮У͵һ¾ͳǺߵĵط˹ȥ
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ҸϽСһۣʾȥ׷ʱԺһʣ˫ϥһͨһ͵ڵʧȥ֪

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ѽ񰡣Ҳ̫Һô˵㣬ҲΪð
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תߣޱϽ׷ȥǰοȰ˵飬ŭĶô׾Ϩ˦ޱ־ߵſڡ
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˵ʱС׹ֱðŴ𹥻ȻҲѽޱŭˣͼԺſڵĳޱ΢΢һۣ˵ûô仯ҲżҵɱǻشǴＷһ
Сģһȥ㣡ǣģ


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512 ս
Ѻ麣Ķ鲢Ǻߡүһġ
˵м֧İȫϵҲױ¶ټ߲žһ뿪֮Ѻ麣ĶխZۺҫӳ
ߡүȻҲͳΪĿնԸյʱ˶ϣûֱӵøǻϣ˸ȵҼ档
ߵ˳ɹĿ֮խZۺҫҲУѺ麣ܵδⱩ¶мһ·СĽнٶȣߴ·ڽҹڵ˷á
ֳҺٺһЦ˵ǸСδй¶ܣһֱţûҸǣǿɲҪ
ǲᣬǡ麣ôҪֻҫխZѺˣҶЩԾҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ
ǺǣϷʵ͸ܲһԽΣգԽȫ
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Ҳ֪ڴͷ˶ãҲ˯ʱѾˣ緹û˵ϳԡ
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513 鳡
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ԶԶԣ˵Ķееһһ߻һ߳ԣһ߳һ߻
ùһεЦһקҾߣҺȻ˵һμȹùʱʱĹùýһ߶һù֮ǰһȫѾȻ޴棬ŵҲʼˡ
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514 
ҳ˲ע˷⼸죬ͳ±òУÿ춼ܡ
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515 ԧ
Сӣı²ᣬһרҵĽʺӣ˵Ż¥ȥҩȥˣϾķٲȻһҩ̣ҩĶУνġٱ޾ơҲ㡣
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һ˲඼ˣҸϽ۾һɨߺ羹ȻûڣһҸϽʵߺأôû
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516 ʬս
ޱԣ壬ͻȻһײ˶סһ˲䵹һŵ︮ԱѾز
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⾪ת˲֮ѾԼƷԣֻˣǳˡʬ
ɫҰףǰʱ֫ԽӲӾѧѼ·ƵģЩ
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ҲϽӦžһԵ˵ȥߵǡ
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ү˵̧Ҫ䣬ɺȻޱںһУȻһѾ߬סүĸ첲ۺᾪŵԼ裬ʣ㣬裿
ŮʬȴûлشֻǼЦǰζү²ԣϽޱ˱üͷ˵ҪѾˣʬ
ʱֻŮʬѾھү岽ĵطͣ˳󻺻̧ڴڰְγʱоȻһš
ûһţŮʬȻָһţȻ˵ϣʱŮʬȻ£͵һֽУźֻʬͳү˹
үûָһеĻֽѾžһŮʬĶͷҲѾһʱӾ˹ȥһּһͬʱеķҲѾ촫ʬʱһȼһ׷һͷޱҲүǻȼŵ˵ϡ
һֻʬһǶһɾʱոյµֻʬȴվ׵Լһİ£ٶȳ˹
˲һɹˣү˵ĵУҪԸͨĽʬνֵΪʲô˵ʽȴȫûЧأ
ɸϸ룬ֻʬѾ˻ˡڵͻİ³ǳ˹
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үһŭ𣬽һ˦ֶ˼Żֽʱǰ˿δȹùѾԼķӡ֮ȻݺײǰͷޱؿϣʱѪүҲûּֽ֣䲻ƫùôѪ֮Уһ˲ȼڳޱ˺ѷεغУһȼյһΧס
ͬʱҺҲѾһֻʬһͬһɫ㡰ৡһ¾ͽǽʬײڵأŽʬûѾ׼ſֵ˲ڽʬȼţһ򢰴죬Ѫɫ˳սţִ˳ȫû˻֮С
ӦŻֳŰķһֻ֪ʮ佫ֻʬ֣۶û̧˵ơš䡱һһɫѾǽʬըʬһ鴤ûǰˣѾŰصţΪһŷɻҡ
һֻʬѾûþڵϻѻҽ
ޱͨһڵأѾ޵СȹùðοʱǰޱʼڵϵǷżһŵ棬дһ໰
¿һ¾ϵ˼
ȻֻʬŵĲǱˣ֮ǰڳ¼ߵʬħ

ʱѾסޱĹùںʵֶӣ˵ʲô
Ǻµսվ
ҳ˵һᵽҧгݣ˵ʬĵӻǲСûɱǵûƨϽôǷƣǻζˡ
ʱСѾڻû˳һ¶̽ضŴ˵λϿ׼ɣ⺫ҪǣɲöԸ
С˵Ҳ˵ͷתү˵үҸ⺫֣Ǽߡȷʵ򵥣ʬ֮ܺʬҰ²ġ
˵ŽǷŵݸүүͷһ˲ɫҪټܱеĹ»ҰʬԸǣ
ҵ˵ͷ̾˵⼸۹õǰȣʬħ֮⣬һֱڰбȻеȶǷս飬бˣǻСһá
˵꣬үϽխZۡҫʮ︮Ա˳ȵţʬħս飬ʱ֮챾Χй»Ұʬһѩǰܣȫ׼ӦУ麣ǧѩ֮⣬ȫͶս


517 ΣǸ漱
үһ˵꣬ӦһүϽʵˣأæ
үһ˵Ҳһ֮ŵøϽ¥ϳ塭
֮ǰɵȥȰæֹǣҲ֪ʲôˡ
ǵǵǼ¥ߵȾͷϷǰһ˲ɵۡ
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ҺϽȥɵӷҾʵӣʲô¶أ
sanڣܣˡ
˵Żɵٶʹֲʣˣʲôѽ׳ʲô¶
ɵʼȻ˹ȥݺһ˵suo˵㷿̳ӵsaɶ
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һ㶣һӦʱһ
ңڷһ̳Ƶİٱ޾ƣ㣬òᡭ
ûѻ˵꣬ɵѾֿ޺˵ʱ򣬾żйζͦŵģ˳ζķ䣬һ̳оƣ˹˶ˣ;ȣҲû¶ˣ
ôˡɵ˵Һˡ
ҾͿأÿˣҧˣɵֱҾ͸Ͻȥyinˣקؾ͸оԽԽȣԽԽȣ
˿ĭѾˣҲǡ
ɵûȥһʹ޺˺һӲ˵˺ˣƵġ
˵Ҳпԭ˾Ͷˣ̯¶˭˰
뵽ҳɨһۣ̾˿˵¶ǴˣƤŹ֡
ܶ𣿡
ŵͷ󺹣սսص˵Ҫæưٱ޾ƸСаһ¶ǲǣ
߳ŭҲû˼ˣƤˣοɵ֮ҸϽֳ¥ȥû˵뿪ԭֻ˵ʧˣȰ˹ȥ
ʱΧڵѽʬĻҽǰſڱͻȻҧ︮ԱʬҲϽ˽ϾڲŰ˾ŵӣ滹ˣ˷ַſڳǾͲýˡ
оһ֮үȻȹùɨһۣ˵ȣ߲ڣȥϵһ³¹
¹ȹùþʵ
ֻүش𣺡ʱ֮»£ֻƾĿǰ˸Ӧˣֻ749ˣϾǵ˻û뿪ó
ȹùõ˵ͷͳֻ̲֮סԥʵү¹ǵأ
İɣ᲻ܵġ
ү̾˿˵ʬħսѾ˵úˣҪܱй»ҰʬǷٽôһУƽǻ鷳Щʬ͹»ҰܴܲɣǽҪΪǶùˡ
ү˵꣬ȹù˲侪һ˵˼ǣܻ᲻ٹֶУ
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үüչְ̾һ˵֮ȥϵ749֣취һɳϢʮ˶ڼаŴãҪţ
ˡ
ù˵Ͻܵһȥ绰ʱͼһڻҽзȥİ˵ʦҪҪȥҽԺ
Ļ˲˵Ŀ⣬ֻ¿ӣִݵ˵ޱã˵ôͳΪʬɣиޱһ𴳽ֻʬǵɫʬȻҲոȥãôͻͻȻһ
˼ǣʬħܲѾɾʬܱߵĹ»ҰûɾʬҲһ
ⲻûпܡ
˵ͷɨ˳ޱһֽۣ˵ҸոѾʹޱˣĸ׵ʬڻû룬ʱһֱҽԺ̫ƽһɸոոֻʬҲӦԴҲˣֻʬж֫彩ӲӦòʬʬ㣬ֻǱĳⷨסʬ塭
ǰһҲˡ
үͷ˵ǽʬǷȸոĶѸͣҲͣһԽ𣬸οոʬϾȻһûУӦͨʬɡ
ү䣬СѾִڷ˳˵Ϊʬ֮ʬħȷʵ˵Щʬ帴ҪΪսԸǣʵµĵط
Сһ˵˲侪㵣Ͻʵһ˵ȫеطͣʬĵطʬ帴Σգ
һһڣҸŵˣүҲֻܲ鲻Ըص˵ͷ
ֳĬһ֮ү̧ɨң˵СС㣬иҪǡ
ү˵
ҸϽվСҲѾֳֻԪɡϴˡ
ү˵ҪųޱҽԺȥһˣ̫ƽ￴һʬûʲô仯ʬĶѾܵʬħĿƣ½̫ƽһѻչ⣬ҲԲΣȺڡѾˣֶϹ壬ʲôҲܴӦԣҷġ
ү˵꣬ҺСϽ˵ͷҪ׼ûأȴӺסǡ


518 ʬ
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˵үҲ˼ص˵ͷŰһ˵ǺãҲһȥǧǵҪڰҹʮ֮ǰʱûΪսٲЩ
ʦġ
ϽͷӦүѾҴҵسԵխZ˵죬ȣҪ749ȣǸϽЩֵȫеҽԺȥһ̫ƽ䣬ǸһѪս

ʮңС뿪˷ãϾʱ滹кܶ˺ͳҲ̫ţźһֱֳޱĸʬ尲ŵҽԺ
̫ƽ䵱Ȼǲ˵ģǴҹҫǴһʼʩ̫ƽλ֮󣬳ΧûĻ˽ȥ
һǱ̫ƽɱ֮ǰǴҪ˲٣Ϊġַӡһ˴ó
ҽԺ֮ǰҽԺĳһƿȪˮΪǿˣɺһҽԺ֪⡣
һǰߣһ߽еĿȪˮƿšСûСأͼ̯⣬˫ĴָʳָഥΧԲѾɡ롱ӡ
С롱ӡۣ
һʱ䣬ȪˮƿˮȻԼƿ˳ڿСһըɢˮ𽥳;ͷ˹ȥûһĹѾȵͷȫˮס
û˷֣ǸϽֱλڵһ̫ƽ䣬ȻûߵſأȴȻһüͷϽӿ˽Ų
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ܸоһ΢̫ƽﴫȻǳˡ
һһ¾˼Ȼ϶ʬʬ䣬Ϊʬû뵽ʬħ̫ƽʬԸǡ
̫ƽʱͼһŮʿſڵİ칫ǰ칫һҴҽԺȻ̫ƽ䶼лʿֵࡣ
һ߽ŮʿŵøϽվʵʲôˣǼûͽ
С붼ûͳ˻ֽȻ붨סû£ɻûȽֽмأѾ߬סСҡҡͷ֮һ߼ͷǰߣһͷҲصسŮʿ˵ĸϽܣҲҲã졭
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һ¶һŲҰ׵ܶѵʬѾҡҡλοҪߵſˣʬҲʬͳ
׷Ůʿһ棬ŵõһУһЩˤŮʿľǰͷļʬҲѾצس
һ˲һѾסǼˤŮʿų
һ
һڣСеĻԪɡѾ˦͵ش̽һʬ֮УɡһչͬʱʬѱֻɻңҲûţæģһСƼסʬѾӦѡ
Ůʿ֮󣬸Ͻֳʵ⸽ûͣ
ͣûûУҽԺĶͰ
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˵Ůʿһ£ϽҲܹս֡
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ϸһ̫ƽŵʬ˵ҲϰپߣһʱǻЩΪ
ǰδԳ˿ؾɥһ׷֣һЩʬĶͷһмܣһ߸ҺС˵ɾҽԺĲ˿ɲ٣Ƿһֻʬ˶ΣգһҪŹأЩ
Ļû˵꣬ȴȻһϾҺСıֱͻȻͣסҺС㻹ûʶ׷ʲô
ȻȻͨһǶҺСŲػͷһ˲侪ס
ͼѾҧصϥڵأոշߵŮʿʱ˿߬һѪܵذףЦڰı󡭡
ѪӰ͸һȻ˵òᡭ
ûתȥȣŮʿһۣѾһŰ˹ȥ˫ڵһ˴ݶŻͷһ߬סŮʿһ󣬵ѾŮʿֶžડһ˵ϡ
Ůʿһƣ̧־ҪȻָһŻֽѾؿ֮ϣһŮʿǰըһ׻ŮʿһҽУӦء
ûǻʿվǿľʹʵ׹̵ˣ
Ǻǣ׹̣̣֮ҲΪ飿ŮʿʱһЦ
Ȼ׹̵ˣΪʲô͵Ϯң749ֺ507ȻйڣʹôɵֶΡ
˵⳯ǵڵϵذһɨǿ΢΢һЦ˵ذϿеҳħ䣬Ҳͬˣܲʬħ°ɣ
һ䣬ŮʿȴȻЦһħΪˡ
Ȼˣ㵽Ϊ˭Ч
񣡡
˵䣬ŮʿѴӵ𣬳ذ׾ֳ˹ȥ
СѾͷϸû񡭡
˵һǰֽգ۵ĹѾǻʿĶͷһըһŵ


519 Ӱ
ŮʿŵͲҽٶȵأһҵ֮Ȼʬ̫ƽ䡭
Ϊʲôڣ
һʣ˦ּּʬѾΧס
ŵʬҡҡͷ˵ûõģ˻ڣҲ˵
˵ŻȻ̧ͷɨһۣʱ־ǼǲǵãǰҲиԳΪЧ
˵麣
ҵһ뵽麣ϣȷʵ֮ǰץסʱ麣ƺҲ˵ƵĻȻٶʣȴʲôûʳ麣ӲԣֱѾġ
ȻŮʿ麣˿϶ѲϵʱҲ˲ˣϽĺʰ̫ƽʬ塭
ڼ䣬ƺĴ춯ܿʹһﱣ鿴һǰȺʬˣ˲䶼ɵۣŵƨܣҲ˲ʲôˣϽŵסıȥԽԽã
ȻŵЩӦٶۣһǰҲֱܷأһĹӱȽϴıѾ֪Ķ̧һͰͣſתܣĶҽӽ̫ƽһ
ҸϽܹȥͰ˹װ͵Ͱһ˦˿С
С
һŭ𣬾ͼСͰѾӷҵս֮г˳һ˦֣ѾͰȥءһͰͰը˻
ȼͣ׷ɵ;һһһȺʬȫ棬ȼڵһһ˲䣬̫ƽѾһƬ𺣡
Щʬĳ·һδʬѣǻûֱ뿪Ż𺣿һ֮ЩʬѾյòˣתҪߡ
Ȼһ̫ƽ䣬ͼһȺɫŵرͻʿ˿˼һ¶ŵزš
Ÿǲǣ
˿һЦһƺǱͷӵЦȻҪͶףúÿţȷЩʬ屻ոɾ֮ǰϽҽԺչ⡭
Ǳͷ͵˵ͷһҪ뿪Ͻÿһ·
Ѿִ󣬰ĶҾմȺдսսʵǡʲô
һͷٺһЦͨˡ
˵껰ѾߵתǣȻûתȥأսǺȴȻֳһȺҶһȻǼѾסǵȥ·
һ߸棬ǰͷľ̳Ű˿һۣû˵Ͱǹ˳
һǹ漸ҲûţˢˢͳǹͶ׼ǣ˵¿ˣν˵塱ǲ֪ȥ¾˵Ҳŵġ
ʱǱͷѾżºͻʿսս˹Ǽ˵ͬ־ǹǺˡ
ˣ
ͷľһ㶣˵ǽӵıпֲϮҽԺѵǣ
Ǵͷľ˵ڰɨ˼ۣǶġϵ·Ҳкüط̫ƽʬˣԽؾ
ǱͷӸϽ˵ҵȷʵǣۿǸոգոո̫ƽʬЩʬ嶼ˣ̫̫ˡ
ͷ⻰һڣ춼סƺʡǲǷˣ
Ĭ֮Уͷľվûзǹűһʹɫͽ˸סһ
ʬôô»˾˵
ȻȻǣҲЩͨͨľǵĽͣǲء
Ѿû˰취СҲֻ㬵ر˳ȥһһ¥ͼ˶Ѿϻ̳ϿˣȻ֪淢˴£һĿ¶ŵسɨ
콫ѹһʽľУֻǣǱͷҲȥ˵ҪҲȥ¼һݿڹֳȡ֤Լάΰ
ⶼǱҪ;Ҳû룬͹ԹԵظ˳˺ӵĳϣ츺֮⣬Ҳֱ˼ʻ͸ʻϣֱ˾֡
Ȼ뿪ҽԺż֮ǳȴȻһվ͹ս·ߵһСͬ
һ㶣ôҲϲ
Ȼû׹ôأȻءһǹ죬ǱͷԱߵľѾͻȻͳǹǹȴǶ׼ǣǶ׼Ǳͷӿ۶˰
ͷӶû׹ô£ͨ͡һӦأѪ֮УһȫסɸûȶأǹѾֳˣ䣬һЦ
ǸǾ졭
ҽüͷʵ
ǾԱٺһЦ˵ˣǾǾ죬ֻǱ꣬һֱûб¶ʵݶѡ
һڣѾһ˵͸̫ƽֵǻʿһǵˣҲǸС񡯵ļһɣ
ٺ٣µò
Ц˵ڵģȻ֪ǣȰǻǲҪĻˡ
ʱһʵǵĿʲô
麣ڿʼǾ麣ĳ롭
Ȼ˵֮ǰҲѾ²µһЩû뵽νġ񡱾ȻôȻжܻԼˣǵڶ׹̣
ǿɲö˶˵ŵһע⣬ҵָѷų𣬡һյ˶еǹ
ɸҪվƷ;ú͵һȡ


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ʱԱһЦһѿڵǲˣӱӡ︮ĸ䣬ǵķѾסִʲôԣ
ѻ˵꣬СɵضסΨһ
˵ˣ˵ǶѾʧȥ˷ֿܲܳȭԸǰɣ⼸˸ҸǹȻƣҲڵĸ֣ڵǽ֣ȫûκεʤ㡭
һҸ֣߲︮ش䣬֮︮ãǴӲ⴫ΪʲôЩ˵У
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ۿŰƾճ֣ҺС㶼סһˣö˶˵Աأôᡭ
㵼ĿϣͼͬҲ˫Ѿǰ˷ӡҶʱһ㶣ϽĺɨһۣɼȻҲѾС
ʱͼҺСǰİһ֣һֽѾһǰĿڴ˳һһ˦֣ûȱڵ޷ƶԱѣֽѾ˵ĶͷŰӦء
ڳǰԱҲͷӦԣ³֮Ͻźų˹ֳŸԷһţҪ԰𹥻
Ȼϧǣǵ͹˰ַӡûϳشѾӵϴ𣬡͡һͽ˵Źᴩز
ת˲Ĺ򣬰ѾȫҸϽʵǶס˷Ϊʲô㡭
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ͷոǾԱɱʱҾʶԣûסǵİ취ôôȻǰ¶أδⲻ⣬ҸϽӡǳϣû뵽汻Ҳ¶ˣǾȻʹø䡭
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ͬںģźͬڵ·ƹһͼ˸һһѩףϾһϲߡ
Ҳ֪ԼˣѾˣǵ˵Ԯ
Ͻ׻ҺСϵŪϣһ˳ͷҲصضǳ˵˸䷨ʧǧҪǿ壬ұúñԼ𣿡
ҺС㶼Ӧһ֮󣬰űֳ˹ȥûȽӽѾ΢΢һЦ˵¼ȻҪץǣӦòֻԼһ˰ɣֵǶɡ
һڣжʱƴЦ󣬴ߵĺ洫һɳƵع
ʦ˹ȻȲΣ壬Ҿ֪Щûõ£ôôɾץأ
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һ棬סҺСҲѾסǼ˲٣һоȻܰʮش飬ǺεȵĹ
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Сһ˲䶼һʱ״Ѿ˴߰ףͻȻһ߬סǶ͵һէ֣ǾһѱŰŵġ

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һײڰϵͬʱһɨĽʱɢ٣Ӱ˲ð࣬˰͸״

Сһнϳ壬Ȼ֧ϥڵصİȴؿһŭ𣺡ҪڲǸʱ
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һһڣСҲ˳˼һ֮Ҳ˵ͷźɡҲãСĵ㣬ĺˡ

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ҲʾŰ̧Ⱦͳ壬δˣûȽӽ֧ҾȰ·ߣȽЩʬڻȡҲˡ
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Сһʱһϲѭŷķ亰éɽ׻ɽͬŵʦֵˣ
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Ȼ֪һ¼࣬Ҳûո˵Щˣͷһɨ־ʵӵǿ費Ѿ
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524 Ȯ
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һ˵Ҳףԭôϵġ
￭ֺͲ˵İæʱתΣΪɺþҲʶЩʬ֮
Ҳ֪ʬħǶЩԭö˶˵ʬ嶯ʲôֽţǸճɾõʬ壬ȻԵʬħҪö࣬һʬħһŷȥ̾ͻɢˣЩʬ岻ͬǱӵǿеļֻСקֽʬǲ֫Ϻȴڵϲͣţ﷢顭
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˵һָһԵİϽү취ǽɣȾȰʱĻǲعĻ¾ͻᡭ
СӣȱģҾͺá
˵ŻүϽֳһԵȹùɨһۣ˵ȣѽһȸϽǽ䡭
ùõ˵ͷϽСڴ˽ԱȰڷź֮һȺӸϽ׼ڤֽԼ̳Ӧ֮
ûһĹһжѾ׼׵ƴֿס͹֮ʣүȹùøһľ̳䡭
һֽǮ֮үĿĬģȹù轣
ڣڽ٣֤ͨ
⣬Ωн⣬ӳ
֮֮ţأȺ
гһ飬й˾ӭ
ʹɥΣ
۽ڣ
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֮ʱȻľĽһŻֽŷֽϵĽȻͬүһ㣬ڰԺ󣬹ùڽһģǷҲ÷˳ȥ˰ĺ֮ϣŷðһ
ʱȻһˣһֻצʬѾһͷײ˷ôŵŰ壬ͷ̽˽ŵĺ滹һ״壬һһӿդһζŰĺ棬ʬһͷײϣײ嶼
խZһּ̧һ֣ʬͷѾ˻
ͻƿһ֣ΧŰܿͱЩʬһһ˺˵ſһѾֻʣһդǸ棬ѾȺʬצˡ
Ȼڰʩ䣬үΪĿǰڵָ߲Ҳͷʩʱǰֵ︮˺ǸȥܿϧûõĹ򣬻ڷſڵդѾЩʬײñΣſмķ϶ҲԽԽ˵︮ԼһȺֵǶƴֿȻҲѾŲסˡ
ں濴ż޲վͳȥɱʬȺҲɱ񫣬һձƵҶù̾ͺһñ𶯣ǰû취ҲֻܹԹԵؼãűϵĸϽ⿪
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Щǻδֵ֮أǵµˮ̶
үسֲʬħȻôţԸǵҪˡ
˵Ĺ򣬾˵鷢ˡ
ȻͼʬȺĺ棬ȻһŰ׻ĶէһƺᶯСʹ󣬾ĳһ䶯ţϸһҶʱһ顭
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526 
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ϸһƺֻһһ޺һſһģһʳİϣûã˶һͼһֻҰɫľ޴͵ĶȻǡɽ˳ҡҡڰڵģǿͷƤ顭
һʲôưʮֻѾŤһĸÿʬ
ʱһ޴İɫͷ­Ҳӿʬѻɵġɽ𽥸ˮ棬ͬһֻֻʬύһγɵģЩʬȻƴճһѩɫʬ·м仺վʬȺ֮
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ȻүȴҡҡͷսսֿڵֶҶûֻڸСƵġ¼йἰ˭ȷȷʵڡ¼ļ˵ֶһԪĩսеһ¡
Խ˵үɫͱԽդڽ͵ľʬ壬Ǽ򵥵
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үԴԴ
Ԫĩ꣬Ԫ󶼱ƣԪأ׶ࡱв֪ɱ顱ȴΪ칦Ԫಿ¾֫ʬڻǺ
ʿʬ²ɢһձҹֹӵģǺˮǣһʬΪԪԩʿ֮֫Ϻ۶ɣˮֱУؾֿӡ
´Ӧ죬õⲮָԽ򣬳ƴΪsangʩ֮һΣ
ү˵ֶݹʷǼΪģ˳ˡ¼⣬йص鼮ֻ࣬һĶ׫ħС˵йἰ˵ֶȻԶѵɱƾ硢ͨĿˣϡг̶ȴΪħ֮ףΪֶһֻһȺ
˵һȺܵۼһ͵ĵ͵ʬʬⸯãΣʬȺвءǿ֮Ѫ֮ʹȺʬۺϣӶʬΪֽţν֮ΣΪ෽ܾۺ϶ɡ
үĻһ˵꣬ȫסֱ˼顣
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ἰԪү˳ߺ޵˵䣬˵ǵĲɱԣȰɱԪʬǺڣˡʬΧһŵ¼
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үһڣʮѾŵöվסķõȷӳ˹ϽžķܣϾǷþǸʲôŴ׷ۡɰֽЩصû治١
䡱һһ죬ſڵդѾǖıΣȻѾŲ˶ˣǷõĵҲϽӳ̧˼ڴŴ׷ү֮£︮ڳԱԼڰָѧûʮõǰվţзմڹѪŴ׷ۣؾͳդġԼΧڶʬ˳ȥ
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527 Դͷ
ȻƾЩȻʬ߽⣬ûȖľɢΧĿʬѾŖٶȥǰֲĿʬճλá
Ƹһֳָŷſƣһڷǰ˲䡰ءһķ˳ȥ
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δʬǵĽŵү͹ùðС㡢ǽ䣬ɵӡ±õֵܸǸϽң벻Ϸء
ͼ±ǰһ壬˲ͻΪһֻչ߷ɣһգЩʬͿȻǹˣͼ±ˣһֻֻʬץоֻצ˺÷顭
ٿɵҲ˵ƽʱðɵһȺʬãʶѾɱֻۣһ裬ߵһɱУȻûʲô·ԣһʱʬȻˡ
͸˵ˣϹޣ˵ź︮׷ɱôֻʣˣϾһȺʬȻҲЩǣͼӲǴëһһ֮󣬾ȻֻӼгһĹҵϴ
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һ˹ڰСүҲû˵ʲôüͷĬһ֮ĬĬͷֻһͷȻʣӽϴһǿ¶ģһ˵Ĵԡ
ϴȡһ£ҵǲδԾϾѾǵһμˣ֮ǰҶȽʱͳԹһΡ
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ۿһȺʬԽԽͻȻͼ͵һţᡱһ¾ͷ˳ȥֱһŵֱӭͷײӭЩʬ
һʱ䣬һǺһѾӭһȺſڳʬһֱײ˳ȥ;֮أʬǱײ裬ϡﻩˤõǡ
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ۿŴҶɱȻģСڴЩǣΪõ綼ڣСȴʲôæﲻϣܲż
ҸϽүʵүСϵĸ䵽׽⿪ûУܲܿһ
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ү⻰ֻ˵ĸ֣ȻĻȴȻӱһȡ֮
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528 ݱȴ
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˵С㾪ʵȻǾݱµģΪʲôֻУ˵ɽ֮еʦŵ𣿡
С㻰һ˵꣬ȴ΢ЦҡҡͷȻδͣǳү˹ȥЦЦ˵ү֮£зȨˣãӦüȥǽһйڣ
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һ߼ʩΪǽ䣬үһֳ˵ʵҼֱ׵ĸɣνĵϹžɷԿٵغĳһoΪȫΪǵղ磬Ϊ˰ӮȡɣٲҰмϲԣսʹħǷԸԼ壬յ˾ԼħСôģаģ
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ԣǾڰ˼ƣˣеߡش
ү˵ͷû͸һ㣬һ֮ŤתһƣӴԼԼˣôٸңģаġ
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СʻһڣȻģүҡͷ񶨡
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һ꣬үδش𣬵ԱЦſ˿ڣСԭûеа֣֮壬ǶֻӶѣʵҲҪؼԼô룬ģģаа񡭡
˵үҲͷЦһ£ִǰаʵҪҪİ֮һǾͳĹߣ˴ʱ֮սoݱǰ֮ڣŵ洫ħ֮ΪɱħԻħֵģаأ


529 ħع
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˼˶Ǹ׳Ƴǵİţ⣬ǲǶ
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кĶˣ˿ûиж֮ģ⣬ǲǶ
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һƬհס
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˵үְ̾һǱǷ˵Թĸȷʵ
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ֽ۶ܵóѵҲߣĵйԱȲɣ
һһ꣬ҡҡͷ˵ǵûУһֱоħ֮֮⣬︮ôҲһֱоνĵ֮ҷ֣Թʱĸİ汾
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үĶôԣҪϴֿ𣿡
ȥģʲôʱ㻹ƶ죡
үһ֮󣬸ϽֳҺСһ˵Ͻ˻а취ʱסǡ
үһ䣬ҺСϽȥϣʱһǺ¥ڴЩʬͿѾҡȿֺ˶¥
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үȻһȣžͼһ︮Աңϵĺɫأһʱ䣬ͼֳ״̬ıʼǱԵĻ˲л̶˻ƳȳȵĻԳһ
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ʱһ컨ϵĻش򿪣һɫѾ˲¥һţɰ
ȻӦүõĵߣɰҲаŴӱʼǱԡͶӰķӰЧǿһʱͼЩԵʬƴڹӰ¡ɰѾ𽥸á
ȻЩֶϾ֮ǰʬŸոյ£ʬͿѾһʱ֮ҪҲʲô׵顭
ƾЩǲôҳ׷ģһЩʬͿʱסүϽִŴҳɿͷװɵġη˹ȥ
һǰܣүһ߼˵˭û뵽ȻЖ֣ǶЩϵͳֻ¶˶೤ʱ䣬öᱻݻ١죬ת¥
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һ˵꣬ȹùѾٵؽ͵żǲȥˣǽȥҲ麣
˵ͼȹùƿţȹصűߵĵ֮ŷĵ߽ܶդķ֮ڡ
мǵդǽϵ֮󣬾ͼүߺȹù˽麣Ĵߣ麣һϢڴϣһġ
ùãתƸԶ
˵ŻһߣӾȥæүȴϽҰ˰˵»㡭
ţ
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һͼүȹùѾСؽ麣µĴ˸֮¶һдĺ첼
߽︮ѪרԽطֻҪһӽⴲͻᱻΪѪˮ
⻰ڣ˲䵹һ
⻯ѪһǵһμǰܲʱΪ˽︮Ҹȹùô˲ٵ飬Ҳ˵Ѫֶ
ν
ɳɣ޹⶯ɱ
ζѪѻع顣
Ѫ󣬲︮סط󷨣ͬʱҲʦԹഫľ֮һΪɱ̫ǿƺǴӼǰѾˣ︮ɻ󷨵Ĳ󷽷Աʱ֮衣
ʱּүߺȹùѾվһţ̧˫ֽӡӡͬ
̲סһ䣺ùãǸ
󡣡
ùһ߽ӡһͷҲصشΪȷ麣ľ԰ȫߡүλֲµģеʤǵλͬʱԵ󣬷ĻһҲ޽ˡ
ù˵һ˵︮¹Ȼܣ͵͵ֲô󷨣Ȼûᵽһ䡣
뵽һ£ǵǰΪɺޣ绹Ҫ麣һ٣ǱǸסˣҪȻĻ麣һȥȻΪѪˮˡ
λһӡ֮󣬺ȻͼǴдĵĺ첼ϺȻһ΢⣬ƽ⣬үϽֽн︮Ա麣̧˳ȥ
һҵɫѿˡ


531 ·
ｫһıʼǱѾЩʬŪˣ˵ӰȷʵǸ鲻סʬڶ࣬ǰӲţȻղӰԴ˷ƽ
һǹӰҪŲסˣүϽ¥ܣض̨Ļᡣ
ûȴҳ嵽ȾͷأȻΧķﴫһֵûǷӦȻžһԱһȷ͵һ´򿪣һֻʬѾײ˳
һֵſڣûüգۼĹѾʬһҧס˺
ʱͼԱһ︮Աһŷͽʬ˳ȥȻҧסҲѾѪأȶȲˡ
ҳʬ˳ķһͼǷĵذѾһ¥ʬ˺ҧһ˳ŶһʬͿѾһ¥ˣʬʬʬʬڻسŶ¥ƶȻǳ׷˹
ֻͷһ˵ˣ컨ϵͶӰڱЩʬٻ֮⣬ԵıʼǱѾЩʬ˺ҧˡ
ˣߣ¥
ǰүһߴ٣Ҫǰӣǧѩ︮ԱȴȻͣǧѩƸ֮תͳʬ˹ȥ
ߣ󡭡
һԸ£ֵ︮ȻҲʾһʱǧѩ֡˺üΣ߰˸ֵ︮Ѿͦתڻ
һϾѾ麣ôһ׸ˣʱĶһ׸һקסǧѩϵͳǰȥ
׷ү֮ҸϽʵүǧѩϵĸ׽⿪
үʱһ㶣ǰߡ
Ƿɡ
˵ʲô
һһڣֹүȹùõҲס
ʱֻüͷСҲһ׹̵ˣ˵žͷţ
㲻ţܴʳʲô
Ҵûǧѩ׹̵ˣ׹̵ĻͲ֪٣Ƕ⿪ϵĸ䣬ֻеķݶôҲһߣĹµĻɡ
ǣ⡭
߻Ҫ˵ճڣүѾ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ˵ҲãǧѩڵɥĲĵزҲûҪǺ
˵үһѾͽǧѩק˹ȥ̨ͨ¥ݿߣһһͷҲص˵ǧѩܽʤҶϣԺܺúˣԼĳݣûʦһһ⿪ϵĸ䣬ôΪ֮
˵䣬Ѿ¥ҲȥұҲð߰˸ںֵʬֵǵæȻҶ¥ֻͷһ߰ѾȫʬΧסȻʹزҽСƴȻѾûˡ
һʱͷֹһŭ𣬵ʱҲֻǿѹŭϽ¥
ǧѩеĸСеòͬûõĹͱү˿¥ݿ¥ıԵأһʱ䵹Ҳȫ
¥һüһ¥һƬҰɫʬ壬ԿӶ࣬ȻǺܱЩ֮صĿ˳һ¿ɲöԸˡ
ҷôź֮ʣСľͻȻӱΪǶ¥ʬѾɻͷһСܰȫ¥ݿڻδʬǳơ
ҳһϽʵС㣬ôˣ
ȣȶ̵ģˡ
ʲôˣ
ŮŮڷء
С㻰һҲס԰¥ʱֻŰ˰麣ʬˣȴŮ˷ôʬӿ뷿䣬ǵðҧɰ
뵽ת¥ݿܣͷһֻһȺʬ¥ݿǰҪڴͨԷ䡢ڹѪɰŴʱֵסʬȺ
ҳ嵽¥ݿڳһ֣Ƽ֮˲͡ءһը˳ȥ¥ݿڵĶʮֻʬ˲ķѣʬɢһء
Ҳû룬ҪȻûȥأȴںͻȻһڵסҵĿ
һͷһ̾ʵҿӸ
ޣǶֱģСӱ˵
һۣ˵Ҫȥʲô𣿡
ҰŮʬڷһ˵û뵽ǵûżЦ
ҾʵСЦʲô
һʣͼ̧һָЦ˵ϸʲô
˳ָķһ׻ʬȺ֮󣬾ͼͷʶ
ǾʬĸͷȽϰ˼ʬȺоֻܿͷʱλƵҲʬȺų¥ݿڻƹʱʱ̧ͷ໡Ĺֽ͸ҪԭƵģһҲˣŮʬ塭
ôֻˣܲҲʬħס˰ɣ
ҲܲôˣۿŮʬѾһ˹ԻֽڻһѾץסĺ죬ֱһذδУʬȺ
հûȷŵأʬ塰ž͸һͣ΢΢Цšͨһڵϣˡ
˵Ҿ㻹ңĶ˵ȥŻأ¡һ촫һͷһȻȷ¥߳һͷĖѾһ¥ϣ˲Ͱ¥ĳһ
ǖͷƺվһˣϸһݺҧҧ嵽¥Եݺˣ


532 ƽĵ
νһҶû˵ͰѰȳ˳ȻүȴұСҪ嶯סǾ͸Ųסˣ
һͷһۣһʱҲЩΪˣȷʵˣ¶¥ʬ¥ݿ̨ʬҲ뷽跨ҪǽѾʱʬŰΧ֮ƣǺսƻһٱס³Ų˶ãõֵǾͻȫû
Ҳ֪ʱȻǺĿЦǺǣλȰǻǲҪˣҸǿһ㶫Σ
˵һЦʱͼʬŤɵġsangѻſ˴죬³һ޴ѩɫͷ
˵ͷʵҲʮֻʬŤһɵģͷһ¶˲䶼ס
ͷϣˣͺ硣
ֻ˱ˣѾһϢˣʱ˿ֽŸͷĲҰɫֽץסͶá
Ϊʲôǻ
ҴʧɫΪСߵʱ򣬰ͺڸǴϲߵĸսҲȥ֧ԮôôһĹ˾Ȼ˺
ô˵ȥ
ɻ֮ʱЦν࣬˵ҼģŲţ
ģ˵ʲô
ȻǺ˵ǲ֮ǰһߵ͸ҵ˵ֻҪҲҲģ
ȻȻ־ǰеУеʲôݣһһѾ̳磬һǹŽɽһ֧ֱּ޵ˣ˶õͷܣɾô׾پͱиˣ
뵽Ҷʱһ
ܲܣԳΪ񡱵Уɣ
һʱ䣬ҶЩ֪ˣںУ⻹ôܲܲ˵ɣ
ɾʱκ˶û뵽£ں桰ŮʬȻಡһʧȥټٳʱȻѾǖľ޴ͷϡ
Ůʬֱ֮޼ѰһʱږͷϵĺһȻŮʬȴδˣǰһ̧֣ž͸һ͡
ԭûлԣֻѣŮʬЦиԼһͣ޳
衭費۸һΣ㣬㶼ҶٱˣҶҪˣͷŹҰɡ
Ůʬɲһ̧֡žʮӣֽŶͷţһֶܻܣˡ
Ůʬͳùʱǖ̧ҪȥץۿֻʬɵĴ־ҪץʱŮʬͻȻ䡰һųһŹâ˲ѿʮֻžֽžͳȥ
˲ɵۣʱһһգ۵ĹŮʬʧˡ
ҸϽͷһȻѾɻԭأˡ
ŮʬŮȻѾȥǧ꣬ǿķȴвżж᲻ܿƣһϰˣϾѾĥǺܶˡ
ɺĶŻ˲䵹һ֮󣬺Ȼһŭȫ֣ͣ
һڣ¥¥ڹֽײʬͿ̶ͣסжˡ
ǣʲô
ʱֻսսŮʬһָ־ôܣССķôָ֣ܲ˭
⻰ڣ̲סЦ˵ؿɺˣ⺫첻µز¸Ҹ︮ŸɣھȻþŮʬס
ȻһһתźЦôҲ֪ˣʵ㣬︮˯žܴ֮ȡͷҪ˵Ļڹǻܷһ·
˵ʱͼɫһһģȻҲЩҡˣȻһ֮ȻһۣһѾͽڲ߰˳
ôҺҲʬ֮𣬳ɾǧһ˵˸ƴˡ
û뵽ʬһмһϽ˵֪֮ǰʰһﲻ˶۸ʲô£ӮǣϲҲ޹⣿
ǣʲôССķ˵˳ôŭ
΢΢һЦܼ򵥣ҾƴһͷҲ֪˭Ц󣬲Ҹһһƽ㿴ôң㵥
һһ˵꺫ӦȻͷֻһסȻԼҲףʵʵĶжԼ϶ҵĶ֡
ͼǺһתȻ䷢Ц
߬Ա󽫵ȺʬΧǣԶ𣿡
һϹЩż
ʱһתɨһǡ˯ŮʬҡͷԵ˵⵹ǲȻм򵥵ķ£αطҪƴһأ
ȻոŮʬһ֣Щˡ
ô죿
㣬
һָңС⡱һֱһİ
ȻЦӮˣҹԹԷ˳ˣӮˣҪ︮һȺȫʵʵͶҷ䣡
ҴӦ㣡
˵Ҷû˵ӦҲֻˣ˵ԸȻĖҲûףվôһðҪǿö࡭
뵽ҾҪǰߣû뵽СȴԱ߽קסգۡ
һѲµСѾͷȻѾʲô


533 ڶ
קס֮СֳǺһЦΪʬδЩԴСɣ˵ǖǧֻʬɵģĶһһһǧҪ˵Ȼ֮ҲǧʰɣŲûʬ֮
С㻰һںʱЦǽСЦСŮһɨû˵Ӧ
ǺãҾС˼ɾˣʬǰˣʲôأֱѻʯ
ԣǾҪѻʯ
˵䣬ҲѾЦ˹
֮ǰս½ҵһֱûעһѾָ֮ǰģĨ׹Լţȴǰδġ
ʱǖŮʬֱѾֱһȺ˳Ŀ޸ޖһ̧֣Ǿ޴԰׵Ѿٶȴӿնڵĵطݺ
һϽɢܣءһ촫˵С㡢ض˹ȥһΣǾʬ¥ƾȻ˲ըɢһѩ׵ĸ⣬ϸһһֻֻϳ״Ŀʬ׷
Щһأ̶ӵ˹֮ǸϽмܣϾСϹǧޣҪԸЩǵӦ֣סֽŵĹֻֻʬ˳žʬֱ½״
СһȻҪԸ취һĻӴ岻ôƻԺܿ츴ԭֻҪһȺûбɾǸͶԸ
һ¶ɫږͷϵĺһЦ︮СǣǶ׼˰ɣ
ЦʱǖѾٶȾƣСһɲٵˣͼСһɡΧΧŵĿʬڵأųǵȥ
ף
ҲǰһܣȻ˰֮С
ٿС磬ҲѾĲڿնһŲıϣֽżһڣѾȵǾʬļ֮ϣеĺɡ͵һ¾ͳǾʬĲȥ
ʬ۵һΣһоСڼϣʱ̧ƾԼļģСϽ㿪ŷ֣۳ɖʬЩѾץסֻţСεزס
һСΣҲҺˣ붼ûһҲܵУת֮ʳһ֣ѾһҾͷСȥ
СȣͼǾ޴ѾյشӿҸϽһ̧ƣһǡƼ֮ءһǾʬ˲䱻ը˸ϡá
СϽЩֱ۵һҲѾǾʬ;ʬֱҪץסݵ˹ȥ
ûõĹѾܾʹܵ˾ʬļϸС˺ϣһ棬̾ŵس˵С㻹ǲǵ֮սʱǾͷôɱģ
ҵȻǵá
ҵ˵ͷһǣʱǸʲô
ûʳ˲Ȼ򡭡
԰ʱǾͷҲͷ֮ܿܳµǲֻǱ֮Уڶ⽫𡭡
ҽȥһмЩĹһʵ
ᶨ˵ͷٺһЦ˵ֶȷʵټɸǶôҲ˼ǧ꣬Թмʶû취ܣֻҪģɡ
ĺĶٶȷʡ
Ҿ˵ˣͲ֮ڣȺҪ䡢ҲҪ䣬һһֻһ壬ɳǧĿʬۼɣֻһ
ˣ
ҵ˵ͷʱͼֳһԷսС˹ȥʵС㣬æʱע첻õ
˵أ
Сɨһۣ
һ⻰Ѿ˴𰸣ֺٺһЦ˵ǺãڿʼֹС㣬ֻ鷳עһҪסСһһҵķڣɰ񣬾Ϳˡ
ҵ˵ͷû˵أȻͼһͷһͣȻͷ½Ͼͬˮһ㳯ǖļȥ
˲͡һżЩĹֽԼһŨζ˲Щϣٳһⶴ
֪Ǹڶĸ֣ʯͷ͸⻹ҵһμһһ⣬θһڣ˳
ڶʱһ촫ǖʬƺҲ˷Ӧһ̧˫ֳץ˹
СһϽԾ𣬾ͼǖƣĺɡһѾǶ˖֮С
СǰһСսԾʱѾһչɡŷ¥ϡ
ħ
˵ֻСӻһѻֽһŷֱֱǾʬţžһը졭
ûһĹǖĴѾըĿȫǣڳɹ˖עʱѾڳһֱͨڵͨ
һͨ˳γɵͨ˳һ¶ͷͿʼŻһʼŻ£緹³ˡ
һһ߳Ұ˰֣˵ȥɣӣȫŻȫˡ
д˸Ƕҵİɣ
ȻˣѾûʱ˼ˣ߬Ӿͳȥ
һһݵǿҸʬζӭҶҺˡ


534 ֮
ָּ̧ϵȼһѪɫĻһգͼĿʬ㰤ҡҲѾڶʱڵˣеĸ첲ڶϣеĴӱڳ˿еؿڴڳһõĳٵǣǿһۣѾܲˡ
θķڣûһĹѾ˳ⶴֱӻ˖ĳθ֮С
ʬĳϳѩ׸õĿ·һſżڵĺݣ볦Ϊһ塣
һ֣Щ׷צسץӣֻӰӦԣһնɱŴ˷ܳĿʬһ߼˳ȳճʬҺʬĶŲŲ
˵Щƽƽץҧ֮⵹ǲʲôģϾ̫࣬һʱҵͻȻͱӺһֻݺҧһڡ
һʹͻȻоԺһѣΧĿʬ֮Ͻ˺·һһƬɫĶ˳˿ӿƬ֮ĹѾܸоұʧȥֻͷҲʼԽѣ
ʱСƵԺд
С뾡ֻ뿪Уʬ
ʬΪոձҧһڣ
һߵֳмܲĿһ߾ʵ
ʱС˵ֻһѣΪ֮Уȷʵʬڷô죬еʬһΪʬոҧһڣΪﱾʹŴʬֱػҪֲʱˣʬĶһԣᶪ
Сôһ˵Ҳһ˿˿𾪣ûֳκεľ
룬Ȼڵţôħںħֵս֮УõĹޣ
ǸʿȻǵʿܻܲƽһµµΪȥɣ
һ˵һ߳忪ʬǵİΧǰ壬ʱȻһͮͮԲζǰľʬϸһȻҲֻһֻɫĿ
ôǺɫأ
һǶ־ϲСƵҲִдֻɫڲܾͬνĺġ
Сû䣬ǴӳĺͮͮĿѾڿЦ
ôĵӣ֪ǽ׳ȥѣ
ЦСٶȿڣҴѾ֪ǸʲôˡôĿƽʱɢ֮УۼΪһΣصȾ壬һֻΧĴͳ˾ӦֻʬһֻʬγɵʬҲνġ
Сһͣ˼ص˵ͷʱЦŵʬѾ˳ȴ˵壬һ԰׵
ϸһҲһ಻ͬһƬƬƬȫһֻֻѩѩ׵֣ϵָϻζţͷ飬ֲ
Ҹ־ͷһģǿЦһ˵ֶҿɼ˲٣ҲŮ˧磬ôģһǵһμء
˵ҳ󣿡
ڵһ仰ƺǴʹʬģ˵Żʬ͵ǰһˣ޳֮ܳʣſѪڣҵҧ˹
ͬһʱ䣬ֻ԰׵־ҲҽµһѾ߬סҵ˫ȣ޷
һ˲ָ侲ۿʬԽԽ͵һ֣һѾ߬סʬǣץС
ʬû뵽ҾȻͽȥץȴѾо˴ͷ𽥴ΪѾʼ
²ԣʬ͵س鶯β޴˳ƾתۼĹ㽫ҵӶмס
ʬͷקȥһƼѾءһըʬͷ֮ϡ
˲ֻʬ͸¶Ѿըһ룬ڵϾͿʼƴ䶯ͬƬһһָҲʼŤ𽥿ʼΣ·ÿһָܵǰδеľ޴ʹ࡭
㲻ⳤó󣬶Ҳô
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˲䱻ըһ⣬ͬʱҲ޴Ƶõ˳ȥͨһײǽͣ
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ΪʲôôҲ˵ˣͲ׹̵ˣ㣬㱳ŵˣҪʲô
룬ǣֻڵڶѡ
ڣ
û︮׹̣˭ʤ˭ʵ˵ûκε𣬹ɽٶȷһȵ֮սӲҵս︮ʤ罫ı䣬һչϵȥ׹ʤͻᰴ⣬õΪʧܵľ½ʱ䣬ͳ࣬ıǧʷ̡Щ˵ҪҲνҪֻǵڣ˫Զһˮƽϣ㹻ˡ
ΪʲôôҪĵʲô
ʻһ麣ٶЦ
ֻ𡣡
˵⻰ʱ麣ǷıһЦҵԻ󣬰ҪΪµˣȻҵΪึһ֮ȴǱδǧڷ˼һ£̰࣬ҰĲ壬׸òô֮У磬ɲΪȡ
ԣҪһУҪ
ǱֻǵĻ𡣡
麣ЦͽвдħڣҪ˼ģԣ︮׹Ϊ˸ԵκενΪǶ
麣ǵĿˡΪս˻ǲȥ˫ʵ࣬ɱ̵ܾ֮
ٺ٣ɡ
麣˵ͷĿ︮öллҵ˲ǣһֱڰвٿأѱ׹̳׻˲ǣ
ǺǣڰЩңѵͲ︮һתרԸ𣿡
Ըҵ˭Ķ֪ôԸٺ٣Сҵڵģ749Ҳã︮Ҳգ̾ɽ׹̶ûκεӵù۾
˵麣һ֣ѻ̱ص˵ϣΧʬȺ̾Ҫ˹ȴ麣һ֮󣬶սս˻ȥȻʬħ֮麣Ѿȫȫ̳Ϊµġʬ֮𡱡
ʱһˡȻԶʴ麣ŤͷһֳЦЦ˵Ҳȥˣ˵ĿѾҸ뿪ˡ
˵תҪߣΧʬȻΪÿһ·麣ȴһתЦǺ˵Ŷˣһ˸㣬µṩϣڹɽʬƻεʬɾͲǽʬôˣˣǹɽԭħ֮սĹսҪЩսħʬһ֧ͳµħ︮ĩǵˣǻһƴҲֻܸϿħˮһսˡٺ١
Ǿĵ
ϲϵɲ˵㣬Сȷӣе߶ѣʷĵ꽫ǵĽŲǰûѡ񡭡
麣˵תߣһһߺŸ¥Ѫȵɱֱ͸ԼûκεĹһ
麣վס
Ȼһŭ𣬰Ǻͼ͵ıһߣΧԼʬȺ֮ڿն𣬽߬ȭͷͳ麣ĺ͵Ϯ˹ȥ
麣΢΢Ťͷһ飬ǺЦܣֻۡһһȭȥ麣ĺĴһȭƺȫķŭһȭȥֱӴ͸麣ĺ󱳣Ѫܵȭͷִǰش͸˳ȥ
һȭ֮ǰĹڣǳƽ˰ɣ
麣һЦ˵̧һǴ͸ԼǻȭͷѾ˳˺ü
ʱͼ麣תֻһתĹΧĺë󲿷ѾѪɫ


540 Χ
ȻҲ麣Ѿ˵أȴû¶κһ˿˿Ļſ־ҧؾվ
麣³ɺû꣬㡭
ȻѾҪˣһŭ֮ʱֳ麣˹ȥ
麣һЦָּ̧Ѿһָһۣ׼Ŀھ˹ȥ
ˡ
ۿ˼ײһȴѾվվˣֵܸ˺۱סֽţҲ֪Σյ޷ǰԮ

ΣͷȴһŮ˵ȻǽǧѩѾӯز嵽ǰ̧żһžͽ߷˹ȥŽǰһˣһѾ麣ǰ
³ͻȻ麣ҲûôӦձߵͼǧѩ˫Ѿ۵糸߳գۼĹһ麣˶ʮദӡ
ٿ麣˵ǿȫûлֵأϴЦƺûиϵκεʹһ㡭
һֱǧѩһ׽ŷ꣬麣ͻȻץסյһצӳǧѩץ˹ȥ
Сѩ
ʱ򣬸ոձǧѩһ羹Ȼ˹ǧѩƵԱߣǰȥ麣צ֮󣬾ͼ߬ȭͷһȭʹ麣ϡ
ءһ麣Ȼ˵¥Եǰˣɴĵڶȭ˲ͱ麣
ٺ٣˱׼ɱǣһúء
˵ͼ麣Ȼɿצӣֻ΢΢һΣȻŵȺʬȥ
麣ܣ
ȥҪ׷ǧѩӺһѽ˻ŭĶ֣Ҫǲǣ
յͼ麣Ѿûֵʬ֮˲ʧ١
ʱʴġˡѸӽӽˣ̧ͷһʮֱѴһӽãͷֱһӵһֱһʼںʮֱҲſʼɨҹĻ¾ͼӵڿлһĹۣٿеЩʬӵҳ֮ķʬҷɡ
żǹȻһֱڴһߣүǵ
һ749¹û£ֱѾ˵˷õ¥Ͽգͼֱ˽ݴֱϷ
죡뿪¥
үߵ˾ʧغţֵǸϽһһ˳⼸ֱڻ֮£ѽֱһ¥ϣֵϣʬͿڲͣŰţֱͬһƬ˼
ʮӵĹֵ㶼գʱ¹ִǴͷֱϴ
ڻ5Ż6ŻͶŵҩ
ǺһֱĻҵŰʱֱֻͬһʱһ壬Ѿŷ¥ȥЩŰʬͷһˡһڻ֮£ֱѾͶ״ǱһĶ
䡱һ˳¥֮ǰʬһĳȱ˷õһ¥֮Уһȵ¥ϡ
ʱ򣬾ͼֱѾ¥˹ȥֱȻһġ
ܷɻżǹһ󸩳壬ˡһɻͬʱѾ¥֮ϣֱĳ̣ͼмžһȺʬסһʱϰֻʬקҷ
ٿǰĽֵϣͬҲһķɻʼ壬弸֮·Ѿһȫͨ
ֻ·ĺͬһ֧Ŷʮ˵Ķ飬һ󼤵ǹŷſڿʼ
Щ˸ȫװÿ95ʽͻǹŷķͷԼĿһӺͬǹʱд
ȻЩӦöѵصľˣĿбӣжǰԸڻŲͬķһʱ䣬Χʬ
Ƕʮ֮⣬ӶĺͬС¥㴰УҲһʱʱէһ£ǾѻֺµڻԱ
ûһĹ򣬾ͼЩѾ뵽˷õڲʱֻүڵֱִ˳¹Сʵڲ˼һǵķסˡ
ʲô˼
ҶʱһʱͼʻһʿѾеĶԽ˹
һץԽüͷʵ¹㵽ʲôϷ
ֻԽд¹
ǷסЩʱ749Ҳûţʮ֧СֶڳﵽʬټѾΧСԷΪķԲķΧ֮ڡ
⻰ʲô˼ǵնŭ
ն̸ϣҲΨһİ취ϾչҪСУΧһҵѾͨɢˣΪ˳ЩʬǻըԲнը١
ըը٣
߶ʱһԽٶȴ¹Ӧûȫİ취Ѿ̫ˣ749ɳСֶ룬ѾʮѵصʿЩʬѶԸ749ʵħӵԽֱɱһǼѾǵˣֻº֡
ǡģƵĻֻ֮սʱһýĸ߶ע⣿
ߣҹܲôˣҲԼĲȥðˡ


541 Ի
¹˵Ĺ򣬺Ȼ¡һ죬ֵڣһֱΧһȺʬĲϷ֮Ҳ޷ƽ⣬һͷײ˽ֱߵǽϡ
ֱһģֱһ¹ʣԱһֱҲŵ˵ϣΧһȺʬ̿ʼֱˣûһĹʻԱѾ֮ڣ촦ʬ޴桭
ٿոճõһֱҲѾһȺһȺʬɢԱű˳ɸһſڣ̱ſΧӿʬȺû
¹ⲻҲں𣿡
һѾ۶ˣֳŶԽ󣬾¹ǵֵõģ󲿷ըѾڷﰲóɹѾΪǰúʱסȳ˰ɣ749ƺ󡭡
¹ǡ
߻˵һ룬ʣµһȴȥ
ʱ˿̣ȻҲ֪˵ʲôǺˣû¹ľǶԵģϲϣҡ
ţ˵ֱתʼ뿪ûãȻ䣬һҵرըѴӱ
һϽ˳Ŵȥڵ˲ϤĽֵϤĽȻ޴桭
µģҲ̫Ļ䣬Ϥĵطô򵥵Ϊƽأ̲סһʣٿ߼ͬһֱϵķõӣҲѾͷĨ
˵ϵľһκһʱƶǲʹɣ֮£ǵͣȷʵ̫ˡ
ֱǷɳɽ˾ʮɽһִӵͣƺ콵䡭
ʱһܣƺһܵľأɻһͦȣ̳һȺҽ̧ŵܱҩܵ˷ɻӭǡ
һΣǲûϴʱһֱӾͱɷ˸ܵЩǰδенӴͷһ˸Լݣ749ˡ
үʲôط
Ǿ˻ش˵ģܰȫ749λڱصܾۼ㡭
Щ˽ǽ֮пʼŵشϵ˿һΣ˵òᣬȴȫԼµģµս׽ϵմܵ˵ûмҶ޹ʹƤˡ
硢ͰˣȻ˵òᣬȻˣƾЩʬͿȻҲ˵ôأУѹԵĹȻǸǰδеش
ٿˣҲ˲ʣҰȹùϸһͳƣҫΪխZ۴ʮ︮нʣѣΪ˱ߵС߶ɥģ￭֣ԼǷõЩǡ
ðԭʮӣ˵ȫеһδļսǺ︮ĸԱţȫ˹ֻӲ̨֮ϣ඼ˡ
һݣһʹοǣޱȻһսŵòᣬڶ׻ֻ˶ѣٿɵӡ±ȵˣ˵õҲء
ߵŷõķԳ
ö˶˵ķãôûˡ
Ҳ֪Ĭ˶ãһỺؽŲͻȻѾ
ɨһ֮ȵһ̣΢΢һЦʵСʲôأ
룬ʲôǵ
һһڣһЦҡҡͷ˵ôѾôˣĵ飿
ߣʲôǵ
תͷȥʣ︮ħĶϹ䣬׹̵ǰھĸսҪȡԭӦԼĶǵǷǵ崴ȴΪԼ̰ռȵɱЩ˼ħ֣Щħµͬ๼࣬ǵǷǵΪնħǵǷǵҡ
ҺݺԼţһǰδеļѾȻ
ҽһֱһ⣬ңС㣬ʲôҺСѾΪϹޣǧڱԼ˴б׷ɱȴλ࣬ǵʲôǵǸüЩ֪࣬վһ棬عңĶԻˡ
С˭Ի󡭡
ߵһЦСԻҲпԭ˶Ի㵱ȻҲ⣬ǻЩİɣߡ
˵ŻѾվҸϽʵҪȥĶ
ᡣ
ЦԻվֻԼԻ󣬿ؼģǸϿ⿪︮Ի󡭡
ûٶ˵˵תߣҲϽȥ
߽֮ҴһȫյĻڣȥһүȹùԼڣ¹Ҳ֪ʲôʱˡ
һ˽¹̰ʾ£һϵļһͷҲ̧˵ȻѾˣôʽɡǷģε¼ʱõҲû֮սǾͷһ̫ƻӦú׾ѹȥġ
¹һ˵꣬ү˵ǣȺʬҲС£˵ҽԺ̫ƽڶѾˣ749ʱ֪ͨȥȫϣҽԺﻹкܶĿ߿Щʬ˹ô죿
ûϵȫƸжĿֲӾͺá
¹ЦЦ˵ϾҲǵһˣ˵Щ쵰ʱĺܶģ֮һֱûǵĵкܶ黹ҪǰæڹأͱΡ


542 ˭ͽ
¹ֱߵϣ˵ļƻһСʱǰǾѾƶáҿʼʵʩˣûʲôȺʬûʲô̫ƽʬ帴ԼʬģֻвϮģԻüʹƻãձװˣô򵥡
˵¹ֳ˹˵ЩɣС¥ϣ˵Ǻ麣Ӵʱģ˵Щʲô
¹һʣҲûֱӻش𣬶ǳү˹ȥͼүͷ˵С˵ɣ֪鶼˵ѾصֵزǺ749˫ûκҴŲŵıҪˡ
ҵ˵ͷ֮ޱؽԼ֪һ鱨ȫг˵ʱ˶üͷɫԽԽѿ
Ұѻ˵꣬һĬĬ֮󣬲źȻ߷˵ǵ︮ͽ
߻һ˵꣬үȹùö˵ˣֳĬһǳ¹ʵ︮ھ֮ս飬Ѿ˺ܶͽѵвصøˣ
²ûпܡ
̾˿ֵ˵ոС˵¥Ҳۿģ麣ǲܶģͻȻվҾһֱ͵Ϯʬħȥһɣ麣ʱװ
װװҾ
ߵ˵ͷֽ˵ûװ
Ӧòܰɣ
¹ҡҡͷ˵507ʹõħӵ749һģӵħֶײЧȻ麣͸¶һӵôܻܺö˶˵ģ˵վվ
²ǿӵϣ︮ĸ߲С
˵ŻүüͷøˣĬһ˵ո˵Ĳ︮ĸ߲֮ػͽһȷʵǼ飬ȻǱ麣˿ܱ׹̸ǿ󣬶ҰڵѴﵽ֪ĵزһɣ֮£һֱ߲︮ڲͽѾ͵͵麣ӵȡ˳ȥͨӵԭеŷħӵһᱻǲ麣һֱڡҲ׵ǣ˴֮սʼһϵмƻĿõ뽭һͬ˵麣ۣӶռƻʬǣôϵǻʬħԹ麣һֱǱڷڣԵΪëأ
ү˵ʱȻͼѾԼ֤˳ϡ
үһ㶣ϽʵߣǸʲô
齫麣ܲģڳ£޿ˡ
̾˿üͷ˵Ϊ︮жָӣָӲ˴Ըжȥְƾ䡭
ߣڲ˵Щʱ򡣡
ȹùԱ˵ߣƢԴҶ˽⣬֮︮ʣ˵Щʱ򡭡𣬵羡߲︮ڵͽǵ֮
ҹù˵öԡ
Ҳͷʱ򣬾ͼСѾҵз˳Աһ˵ҪЩûõĶˣǣĿǰ︮ĸ߲֮У֮⣬ʲô˿Խӽ麣ӵй︮ļȨޣ
ӵȨ˲࣬Ӧúܺõ顣
ȹùô˸麣ļ︮ųԱ֮⣬ܳڱЩȨ޵ģֻʮˣ˵µ֮︮Ѿȡʮһƺţǰ֮ǰλ︮ЧĶ࣬ȨһЩȨ޻бġ
ȹùôһ˵̲סֵͷ˼
ʮһѾʵĳƺţħʮλ
һʮУֻ֪һ˵֣ɽһʦүүűһéɽ׻ʦëСһүүҲΪڽħĩŵ䣬Ҳһ֮⣬Ψһ֪ľ˫ɮ˹Լȵȡ
ʮλ𼶸֣ѵѣ︮ѾȫûκεĲˣôһ˵пܱ︮ˣܴǵڶʮ֮һ
ϸһ룬˹϶ǲˣ˶Ѿ׹̣ǧѩȻҲܣԭǰͬʣ°˸˷ֱǡ
éɽһͽ׵
ˣһһζûмү˵ǸʵëСéɽ֣ͬͨéɽ׻ëСʦܡΪéɽ֮ʧܸգ׵һֱǺԼʦëСʦɽ١ǰһɽߣӴĴˣԼéɽ޹ϸ
Ȼˣ˲֮ɽٺΪ︮Чһʱ䣬նħ˱˵ڶʮ֮УɺȴڴʮǰͻȻ뿪︮Ұһ£ٲħڵ飬ӴѶ
ǧֵ𡪡˾ҡ
˵֮еļһ֣ɱе۷¼ʮŻͬʱǷڷ֧ɵ֮ˣҲǰȵʦ֡
ŵ𡪡ӡ
ӵѾȥȻᱳǣҲѾûбǵˡ
孹ɹ֮񡪡ɡ
ˣӦǱȽ˽ģΪ϶һγͻΪǶ˴ҵǰ
׹׹ħˡ̡
˵̳置׹ңҲǾµĺ֮һȻÿĺᶼ׹һƫˡ


543 ֱȡɽ
ҵǼһΣǵõʱ̸︮ܲӲΪ˺ͰǵʱΪε֮һ
ֻ˼͸Ͻ뿪ˣ֮һֱΪﱸؽ︮·ֲ︮ܲڵĺܶ߶ȻܸǴŲʣӦòᱳǣ㱳ѣҲûȡ麣ͷӵ
ôڶʮлɵҲֻʣ
ʦˡ
ҲүӦҲܰɣ
Ȼôţһ̲ס͵͵ɨһۣʲôǲܵģ
΢ɵѧšߡ
ߵϸʹȹùá
Сӱ𿴸Ҳ£Сǵѧţתÿ죬Դʮ֮︮ÿһεĴжмƻģ˵︮ĺļͬʱҲ˵︮ĴԣȻˣҲȫûͽֻҪѵĻ︮һٴεĿԶˡ
ڴˡȡ
ʵ׿˽µĹֶ֮˵ǰŵλ֮УȹùõӦģͬߡүǷͥ˭ܱ֤Ϊͬָվͬλأ
ٶ͵͵ɨˣȫüչüͷһʱ俴ÿ˶ͽÿ˶ͽ
һʱ䣬ҵٶȳĬֻңеغŸƨ֮⣬үȹùáߣ¹Ҳ͵͵ɨżˣ¡
գĬǱơ
˲ٿƨɣֿ˿˵ҿڻ¼ɸʲôöûУոôأооô졭
һ仰̴˽֣ү˵ͷ־ͽϵıʼǱ֮ǰҶǽʱͼүһֱддؼ¼š
һ֮ү˵˵ûʵ˵麣֮˳ѣҲһΪ߲︮ڲͽһΪĳЩǲ֪ԭأ֮ǻɡ
еıʼǱүɵ̾˿ɫٶ
ڵȷʵݺݵı麣һֻϸнһʬм䣬׹ѾʬƻɽǲˡýһʬЩϹʱսڹɽħĻ⽫һĺƽ١
˵ү˳̧ͷһҶѾüͷס
Ĭ֮˵ǰ︮һֱ׹̵һһѾȷǣȷʵеڰд֮ǵĿģСѾ˵ˣڿһȻ׹̻ҪӵĿ£ΪıóѵĻֻħʿǽ¾ͨҲ޷ѣΪҪ硭
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¹ͻȻʵү붼û͵ͷôΪûûԱǿܲû︮׹ôĹģȻĻμжԸǵҲֻеˣԵ֪ǣѾΪë麣һֱڱ󲻸¶ݵ֮⣬һƺûбĶ¶棬½һ麣͹ܵˡ
ү˵Ҳص˵ͷ˵ȷʵ麣Ȼͷû뵽Ȼڶ̶̰ʱֵزǽһ壬ȻѪʬʬħѾ֮ʳֻϣǧҪٳʲôȺʬˣĻ麣ǿֻеķݶˡ
麣ȷʵҲһȫû취ơ
ȹùó˼֮Ȼ˿ڣ˵Żͼվү˵ү麣ȻѾ˺ë꣬ȻڽûףҲ˵ܻ޷ڶʱڽʬħȫں749֣ȫ׷Ļնݳ
ȣ˵Ťתìͷȶ麣֣
꣬ùõ˵ͷ˵û麣ضȻ׹ڹڹɽ֮в¶棬ǾʱǵԸķ麣Լϣȳ׼֮ĻȻרĶԸ׹̡
⡭ȷʵǸ취
ү˼Ƭ̣ȴҡҡͷ˵ֻ麣֧ݶûвԶԷδ֪ġ
ҵ麣Ͷ֪𣿡
ùüᶨ˵Ҳõİ취ˣү麣ѾΪ˺ë꣬Ӳȥ˭֪᲻ɴ˵еĽëأչŴ˵ʱǴûˡ
ȹùûһڣүû˵СȴѾƯͷ˵ȣͬȻǻû㹻ɽ麣ôӵģǾôץնݳԾ󻼡
СƱϾ︮ĸȻѾô˵ˣүȻȻǣĬĬ˵ͷ
ʱֻС˵ִҸ֮ֵ֮︮ʣ˵ȫ汸սȣҪԴһ֧СѰҲ׷ɱ麣ߣǶλҲţһиҪҪǡ
һ⻰ߺүϽվѧŹһ֣ȵԸԸ
СƵ˵ͷ˵ɽΪ𡢸ΪΨéɽ׻ʦ˽ơմ֮︮ҪѡéɽţټɽԼؾʦɢصķ֧֣ͬսʱ׼ֱȡɽ


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544 ƻ
֮︮ǿ󣬲ΪδʧܣΪ㾭ٲҵʧܣҲٶȷ𷴻ԡħΪΣĲ䡣
룬Ӧþٶħ粻Ҫԭɡ

ϣСƵһóΪ︮ҲеؼʶһλСµһˡ֮Ƶ︮ĸ֮
ñٲŹ˼СʱʱѣȻѾص˸Ӧ֮ߣ׼һɣһֱΪ︮ıߵ߶ΪԾɵ¶Ŀ⡣
ȣ֮ǰ˵ĺܶԣڵʵȥ˹ɽҲֻѰ·ѻʯذɣԾȴ麣֣쿪ʼﱸһ֧Сӣ︮ܲڵзֲԱĿֻһʱ佫麣ץ
ס
ȹùüᶨص˵ͷʱȴ¹Ա߽ǵʵû麣󾿾ǸһͷûУһǱƼˣǰ׹ǣǳŲסɣ
İɣ麣ı󾿾ʲôǶҶ︮749
ΪʲôС˵꣬¹ٶȾʡ
ܼ򵥣ΪǵĿĲҪ︮׹̻749ڵκһ֯Ŷӣǳ׵Ļ࡭
С΢Цһ£ֱӽһ򾡵ĻֺαشµɱأǶһ٣
⻰¹Ȼ򣬾ʵ˼ǡʵǣ
ûֻһԭǾǲûﵽԼҰĺĿģеԭֲ㡢ʵֻһЩԭ򣬵ףǾԲٶһ£Ϊⳡ֮УѾ·磬׹ʱضԽǸɵ𣿡
С΢΢һЦ˵ﾹȻ˹ЦʵСôҲ˼ļ壬ǰ︮ĸˣô˵һ˵Ӧô죿
롣
붼ûͻش
⻰һڣүԱߵһ£ƺڸңŸ˵ƨ
ȻʱͼСЦŰ˰֣˵ү㲻⣬˵ȥ
һ⻰үҲٶˣֻشջСƵ˵񲻾Ӧ÷룿Ͼʲôֵ麣ԼҶһˣû취뿴ۺ׹̴ܾˣȻ֮Ļǲǣô۲УȻôˣ뻹ʲô
֣˵û
СƵ˵ͷ˵׷ɱ麣ԶԶģô˵ȷʵСһģү
Сƽүһүæվػ
ֻСֵλ˵︮¸صҲиҪ㡭
Ըү
ɽ׹͵Ϯɱ֮жţɽԼʦ֧ȻԪˣʦǳ֮д֮УȴһĻᡭ
Ҫټǣ
үһڣС̵˵ͷЦͽڶ࣬ԹűħĺʮȻѾһɢɳѾؾ۱ضʯ쾪տʼȫѰʦ䣬ɽһսǽϣ

үЦͷֻСƺ˵һ£ʦ֧ڶ࣬ڡéɽڡ֮⣬΢ɽ塢ġȶ֧ϧɽٿʼ֧ѾܣʮŵĴжѾ˵ȺУ㻹һ񣬲Ҫؾ۸֧ҪΪЩʧȥ쵼ߵϵţΪԣʦʦ̳УԷڣɽħ֧ţҲԷڣΨéɽһƺѾ˼̳Уѡصͽˡ
ģéɽ֮λʵдˡ
үһڣҶסߺȹùҲˡ
Ĭһ֮ʵү˵ëСм̳ˣ˭òǡòǸһӵصְɡ
һֱ죬ֻڷһսʱȻΪ׻ʦ״ӣȴѧղŵӶˣ˳Ϊéɽɵ֮˵Ļȷʵеʡ
˵꣬үȴҡҡͷ΢Ц˵ֵȻУëСʱʵѾΪԼѡ˽ӰˣֻΪ˰ȫûκֻһ֪
˭

үش֪ȻƭΪëСȴǶĺѣԲŽɽʱϵľиܣǽʵһܣвëΪǰµһ飬иἰéɽڵĽӰݡ
ǣô֪Щȹùʵ
ʵҲ֪ȥ֮ǰúµȫƲ˰Сת˰һˣ֮Ǿɰ֮ڣҲŵ֪˴£Ҳǰյʱŵ֪ġ
ү⻰һߴϲϽʵôһ˵ֻҪȡľҵéɽڵˣ
ү˵ͷ
ͺðˣ
˵Ż߳һԵĳ¹˹ȥ˵¹֮սʱҲڣһץ֮ͽľûлأڣܸý˰ɡ
ǣǽ
˵꣬¹ϺȻѿԥһ£ҡҡͷ˵ǽ类׹ˡ


545 ħ
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һ⻰ʱͼˣһӾվų¹ʲôʱ£Ϊʲôû
Ѿжʱˣ749תҪƷ;У׹ϮǽͶˡ
¹ΪѵƲ˵֮ԲҸҲΪã
Сӣ㻵˴ˣ
ֱۣϾѾˣ¹ıΪѣȻҲӦƭǣϾǲнҲûʲô;
Ĭһ֮󣬾¹˵ˣǽȻǱ׹̶ˣڱ֮ǰżλѧϸоúоһľõľϵʲôľģóĽľͷ亱Ǵû˵
ϻľǵ̫ϾѹɽħԹһ޶ܼ
߸꣬¹˵ȱż˵ѽ˵ľĲûоʲôȴǰѶ̽ϷһǽֲλĽϣż֡
֣ʲô֣߾ʡ
⡭⡭
¹һԥ¹ôţ˵Ͽŵĵʲô֣
ơ
ң
¹䣬ѾӾȥҲԼϵƸողž˵¹ʹһţǺòײŽ˸˿˶ֿ˻ͣýŶߣкֺЦ˵һ749ĸ߲ɲһ︮ͷžʦôƵģ
ʱ¹ĨűѪŭߣʶôˣ㶯ʲôְ
˭ңҴ쵰ĶУ
û㣡ǰѽǰѽдľ֣
ƨ׻ʦëСʲôˣԼķϿֲĿۣ
ƭǽϿŵǡְ֡Ҳʵİ
Զӣðְִһ٣
ۿҪ˵һҸϽм佫˵˿öŽźЪһ¹˵ǲģа취֤ʵ
㣿ô֤ʵ
һ˵Ű
ҷֱһۣų¹˵¹ȥҰ׼裬䣬ǮҪ
һһڣȹùöʱʣСӣòéɽлɣ
ҵȻ֪ùڵʲôϾлéɽеһ֣ɽˣΪڽħ崫ˣȻӵжɽеһͨı£ʹɵĵΣǺܴġ
ʱҲ˲ЩˣϽó¹ȥ׼¹ҲûһĹͽ˽ҪõӦ֮ﶼý˻һʼʩ
һʩҾ͸оеԾȻѾл˺ܶˣÿһʩչʱĸоͬһαһƣȻǸѾԽԽˡ
Ҳû̫ᣬ֮ϽٻëСֻϣܸϿǽ⡣
һʩ֮󣬻ȴȫûκεĶ
˹ˣǵ֮ǰ507LH߼ʵëСͬھʱȻˣڻɢѲѾͶ̥ȥˣٻĻǣ
ҸϽһΣˣûжֻηѾʼͷۻˣⷨҵĸһαһԡ
ɫ԰׶ͷֱð麹ùۣϽǰֹסٴȰ˵ˣëѾͶ̥תˣҪȻ϶ˡ
ùû䣬ȴүѾںԼΡ
һ⻰ùֱӼˣͷүһۺģΪʲô㲻ԼԣẦСģ
ܣԼΣ죡
˵ʱͼүԽԽ٣ɫҲԽԽѿˣҸæٶȳηڶʱ;ͷͻȻһΣЩڵأڹùüʱסңۡ
Сû°ɣ
ûû¡ҡҡͷٺЦ
ȻʱүѾִӱ˳
û£һΡɴˡ
һͷһүѾ԰ס
үôˣ
һʣү̾˿˵׹һֱɽٻ֮ħĿȱ
үһԵˣ˲䵹һʵ˼ǡëĻǿѾѾ׹ץȥˣ
үףüͷ˵ɾˣүүľҡ塢ɽʦӡѾ׹̵Сֲ׹Ҫð749ֵľҲ˵
ħѾˣ
һڣѾ˵
һʱ䣬ٶļĬ֮󣬺ȻλϵĻС̾˿˵ҡ塢ʦӡľ֪ΪʦΪʦŵħֱ֮ʦħԭ򡪡ֱڷɽéɽҲ˵춨ʦз֧еߵλħѾͣҰԭƻѾɹɽű塢éɽëС͸ɽ˵ĻȷʵЩԶԸ
С˵ҸϽʵСƣħô𣿱ΣѾɺë麣Σ
һһˣһʲôɱԣ
ûȻСƻشѾԱ߿űǿ˵˵ħΪϹžݵĴھеĵλŮ֮ϣǲڵģʵ˭֪Ҷûмħ渴ĻµһһԽٴˡ


546 ͻ
ĻٶôҺòȼ׳־˲˰أȻȴƺû⣬˵껰ֿʼƨ
һ飬ҶڼҵۡıߣΨ͸²ؼƵģ˵ôһ仰еʱ䶼ڿƨɡ졢ٱӡζ˷ѭ˵µĮġ
˵ĮģСӲ˵ǲ˵ֻҪһ˵ȷʵҪ
ֶĬͻȻһƤ˵ʵ¶Ҳð죬ֽʣ֪ʲôأ
һ仰˵˵ϣһҲԣǳ¹Ͻȥ֣ûһĹ򣬾ͼ749Ѿ̧һ߽˻ң̱ڵϲͣء
֣ôˣ
һʣ̰ҽŴڷñģۡ
⻰ε̾˿ֻ˦һ䡰Ӳɽ̡Ͳٴˡ
ž¹˵֣мҪ㣬֪ĻһҪʵش𡭡
ֵ˵ͷǳ¹Ҳû㽫ľϿֵ˵һ飬ߵĻ˵ЩĿ֣ûʲôصļ
Ȼûʲôôһλûʧ
һ¹˵̴꣬ӵƣƣ
ʲôƣүæʡ
ʦиӣͽжƣ᲻йϵ
ֻһڣֱ졣
ƣô˽ô֣ĸ϶ر
ʱ¹͵һİƣ԰Ǹ־ȻǶϸһ룬ľϿ̵Ӧ̵ֿ֣̫СˣһֱΪŵƺǸʮּءʱһ룬ëСǵŵôлһȷʵǶû
¹һ˵СҲվų¹˵︮Ͼޣ749ͨ죬߱鲼ȫأ¡
ض˵ס
¹΢Цŵ˵ͷ˵İɣȻ˫Ѿָ޼ĺϵֻҪܰģҳ¹ȻԹۣ麣ͶƵ䣬ңһǴ𸴡
¹ôˬشӦҶһ̸һЩδļƻ֮һ춼ˣҲûټ˵ȥϽɢ˻ԻطϢˡ
һҹļսõֵȫԪˣͺˣȻص˵òᣬ˵ʳڳ˵ʿһܶʱ䣬𽥻ָԪ˵Ҳеˡ
ʱ䣬Ǽû뿪أҲ߶һξһѾһ֮ˡ
ڵص㣬ͬ749ܻصĻ
һΣĿɲү¹Ǽˣμӻүȹùá𣬳¹ͻС֮⣬ֶһȺεյֵܣҰҲڣֺ￭ֵҲڡ
ҰǴһ֮ǰݸϹģүȹùúλ֮󣬾ʱ749ؽΪǵŵ㣬Ͼ︮749Ѿֿʼȫµĺ¹ȻЩԸҲû˵ʲôӦ
￭ԼֺͲҲѾ︮ΪǵһԱ
￭䲻ħˣ˺ǿְίΣ749507Э̣֮ǰһֱ507ҲѾͷ˳
Ϊһʮ߰ƳLHʵţļȱԱ︮绢
⼸֮⣬︮¼һǿİ֣˵Ǽ룬˵ǻع顣
ǧѩ㵱Ըͷ
СƳʳ仰ʱǧѩվᶨƵص˵ͷǧѩһеֱ֮νΪ׹ЧȫΪСľ֮Դ̤һʼҾѾ˱ɱ׼û뵽ڷ԰Ҷ£𣬿ǡȴҡ
ǧѩ˵Ե͵͵Ҽһ£ͷʾ⣬ǰŪЩˡ
ʵǧѩܹ֮ͷҪһС˵Ȱ⣬Ͳ˵ˣһµʱ伸ÿ춼ûû˵ĲǧѩСǧѩʱѾΪ޻̸ĺѡ
СĶ飬һᱨǶҵľ֮ǧɽѩҲǣȻˣҲףڸǹ˼ЩССʱܲ麣ʹߣ硭
ǧѩ׾ͺá
Сص˵ͷֳ˵ȻҶԼˣҲͲҪҴŲˣһҲ׼뿪أ°Ƕﻵ˰ɡǿɱΪֻͷڹһأʱˣү߻749ĳûš
˵СƳԱߵĳ¹ɨһۣ¹ó˼ļЦ˵һµʱ䣬֮Բ׼뿪һΪˣΪ˶ĿϾһǰǼֳĶСǳγڣڰ͵͵Ѽϡ
˵¹˻Ǽݺϣһģ˳Ź⻬泯ү˹ȥ
үְ̧סշҳ¹ЦЦ˵ү˵749ϢͨǶǵе黹֪֮٣ѾͳƳһֶʮǰɽٵĵҴߣиˣϸ¼ǵϵʽַǵԸԸعħ磬ɾ͵ÿ︮Լˡ


547 ̳
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үһЦʱͼ¹Ѿֱߵһֽ۵̧Ӹȹùá
ùֽ̧סֽ¹ЦЦ˵ŰǰǾѾ麣٣δݾߣԲûֱ︮㱨Ϣǰиٵ飬˳ϰĺҲһץģϧǻǵ͹쵰ȻĿǰõѡ񡭡
ùõ˵ͷվ˵ǰɣרŸ麣СֶȫԱֻȸһʱ
ùû˵ͼּѾվԼҸĸ
ǡ
ҶʱһʣžͼڰЦӣģҲʱðְΪ︮һˡ
ǡ
Ȼ˵ҲģôĲأ
ɱѾΪ˺ë麣ɲһС£ѾݸôãҾһֱûзԭҵĸĸҲνɱСеһԱ
üͷ̧ͷֳȹùʵùã֧СһжٳԱ
ٺð£ˡùЦ
ɨһվˣ˵ȻǸڵˣΪʲôûҵķݶѵҪһ棿˵ûûϹɽĽħ崫ˣ
СǲǸ˼
ù죬ɨүһ֮˵֮ԲμǵжֻΪ㻹иҪҪԼҲ𣿡
ʲô񣿡
ʻһڣСλ˵С︮ڶ֮һµҲѾָԪÿһ˶иԵ㵱ȻҲ⡭
ãˣ˵ɣҵʲô
һһ꣬СȴֻҡҡͷûҵĻȸ˰˸Ե
ϸһ󲿷˷ֵõħһЩСͬˣ߾һЩɱˡ
νİɱҲɱ޹749鱨Ϣһʱĵ飬ܶǱڲ׹̱̽¶мЩ˿ܶ749˵ȻðȻжҲֻܼϣ︮ˡ
һֱ˵񶼷꣬Сȴûңֱ֮󣬻Сһҵ֮УԺ˵Сӣż˰ɣ𼱣񣬾ˡ
һֵˣѾĦȭʣӣ˵ҵʲô
𼱣ҵȸ˵һ£һȽ⣬˴͵£㲻֮ܺǰЩϴһж
Ҹ˭жҾʵ
ޱơ
ʲô
СƻһֱӾסϽҡҡͷ˵СƣڸҿʲôЦˣͽ֮ûԽ̹أǸȥִǻǰﵹæ
ܰʲôæΨһѡ񡭡
С˵Ҹող˵ˣεȽ⣬︮ǳҪˣΪ˶ĿЩָһǰϾǽж︮˵׹̻麣̽Ӵڣ©ֱϣԴ·յķ
ǣҵ񵽵ʲô
ʵܼ򵥣ȴҪơѾҵ

СƲδҶ͸¶ʲôֻ˵Ϊ˰ȫǸ˶Ŀĵ֮󣬳ҹΧû˵ʱ·
ϣСĳǧҪС£Ȼ⡰ѰҶơƽȴϵéɽڵؽ⣬¹ش
ʼⶡƵԼΪʲôиôʱСȴֻ־ͻشȫ⡪
֪
˵Ƶ749ŷֵģһԴǾ˵ھڵһٶĳسƺֹһֵŮ
Сƽʱһ˵ǸŮ˲;סŮôŮأŮôܽأ
ϸһĥʵҲûе˵Ůĵ軹֣ŮжƣкĻǽС
ʮӵĹѾҹĻڸµĿسǣСƵٶȴԺ֮дֲëСǰ֮ⲻھƣԭһֱԼնӰ˾Ͳ⸽
Ϊʲôô³ʱʵ
ܼ򵥣ëȻƢΪɢȴǸ˼Ϊ֮ˣ֮Դδ͸¶նŮӣ뱣ԱԼĳһ֮Եһʱվéɽ֡
˵ĹҺͳޱѾȺ˳ϾǵһγִЩţһ·ϸʳʶ̵ģһĿĵ˳ǽŵò˵ˡ
·ߵһС֮󣬺ȻͼһγѾͣ˵ԣųǸīװУû˵ȴӳݳһ֤Ҵһ749ˡ
λϳɣҪҵѾǱʹȥ
һ⻰ҵ˵ͷȻѾȷ˶ԷݣҲûԥҴųޱƾ˳ٶȿһ󶫹֮󣬹ս·ߵһȥõС֮С
СһԪ¥ǰͣ˾Ŵ˳¥
¥ߣ¥ûеݣ¥֮װдǾ¥һֱ˶㣬̧ͷһ¥¥վͬźīźˣ
ͼнһȷǰ֮󣬺Ȼͷޱ˵λҪҵ˾棬ǵСĵ㡭


548 Ů
⻰ȻҸһ㶣СĵһŮʲôСĵģѲŮǸﻹܳˣ
ʱѾΪǿţû߽ȥأһӷﴫ˳
߽ȥһֻĽĸˣͬźīһ749ˣһŮɳ
ϸһͼŮһţУͷһβ裬޵úһ
ʱǽ˵ҪҵˣδʲôΣգǰ˰ȫʲôԼ̸ɡ
װ˵ųʹ˸ɫ뿪˷䣬תΪǴš
749һߣޱųʹ޵Ů˹ȥ֮ЦЦʣǶƣ
⻰һڣҲЦ֣治̫ýгڡ
ҵĻŮ̧ͷʮ˾ͣ죬ȦЩס
Ȼûлشҵ⣬Ǽ˵ǵ˭ΪʲôҪץңûǮ
ˣǲץģæġ
⻰һڣŮʱסЦʵȸңǲǶƣ
ǡŮնش
ҵ˵ͷʣǲѧʦëС
һ⻰Ůֹסʣüͷ˵ԭΪģЩװĸ˵һΪǰء
ǺǣǶǻˣ¡
һοǶԵð˲٣ǵ˵ͷ˵û׻ʦëСȷʵҵʦ׹̵ˣ︮ˣ
ȻŮħӦ˽ò٣⵹Ҳ˿Ͼӽˡ
︮ˡ
˵Ž֤ͳݸŮȷ˵֮ڳһ̤ʵ
ͼһ̶ȣֳʵ˵ɣҸ
éɽ֮λ
ҵֱ룬⻰һڣ¶ɫ̵ʵéɽţʦأѵҪ
⻰ҶЩԾϽʵôëСѾȥ顭㣬㲻֪
ȥ⣬ôأ
Ůʱ¶ؾ㵣˰ŷӦ˹Ͻҳʲô¡
Ҳǽë˵һ˵ͼŮۿʪ˵Ѿһûм˼ˣǵһҵʱ˵һħңƽҶˡԭΪ˵Цû뵽û뵽һ쾹Ȼô͵ˡ
̾˿οܿóëĸܺãиʣӦòéɽĵӣΪʲôë뽫֮λأ
ëСĹŵӣéɽһԱ
˵Ǹ¶ڹ¶Ժ󣬼ǵʱҲһ죬¶ԺʳﲻҺܶǾ͵͵ŪЩԵģû뵽·Сͬʱײ˳εаҿʦ·ңԵǾΪͽˡ
ȻأëСһԶڰɣ
Ϊ϶ǱҲˣû뵽ȴҡҡͷ˵ʦʲôûнңûôܹңֻÿ궼οңȻҼ졢Щѣ뿪ˡ
ô˵㲻
ᣬûѧ
ƵĻشЩԾޱƶס
Ĭһ֮󣬳ޱѿڶȻ˵ĻëΪʲôҪéɽŵλô㣿Ҳ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ޱҪ˵ëΪĵ
һ£վ˵֮Ȱȥ˵ɡ
һ˵ҪߣվʵôǻҪңȥĶ
Ȼȥ︮
ЦϾëնĽӰˣǻȥôУ˵ˣ׹Ѿõľ˵Ҳͷéɽ̳һܣҲأһ˷棬ɲ֮١
˵ʱһֱȫעעң桢̬ȶСŮƵġ
˵֮Ҳ̵˵ͷ˵ҲԣȻ֪ʦΪʲôѡҼ̳éɽȻ˼ͽܵһհ졣
ⶡƻͦɣҲһʱû뵽ô׾ɡ
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СҲûϻͳٿǮǴþУЦЦ˵˵ģһߡ
ǾᣬҲû˵Цŵ˵ͷ˵һߡ
СתһȦܿͷ˶ڵİ䣬Ӵ͵͵һֻһ̣СʮơƿӣԭĲ輸ڵġ
ɳһأŮһУеʶ֮ǰںٰͬ羯ǸŮУһ˻˶ҪĶƣһŮͲ࣬һֻϴ֧ŸͷȾɫģһǸ˵еķŮ
ۻʯ࣬ƺһ㶼ӰȾƣӶûãһ߬һƿӣʱʱ͹һڡ
˵Сͦѽǰֻˣ׬Ǯˡ
ԽԽû˵һžͰѰŸ˿
ˡҪԲۣܣ
ƳһŶ룬ʱŵվžܣɸմȥѾһͷײ˻һƨɳϡ
һ£ͬȫɵۡ
նģ㻹뿪ˣգ
˵ŻҵåҲˣ԰ơƿһָɳŭʵ㣬˭һȿ
ԴСңûã͵Ӳġ
ȻôһŻ˶ʵһɫ԰Ҳ˵ˡ
СɳһŵǶԾסŮϽվԱȥͼСɨ˶һۣʵСѾͷ˵ܷס˵ҵʶʶҪܴӮңҾͷߣҪǴӮңǾ͸ߣô
Ҳ︮ˣڵʡ
Ȼˣ׹̵ˣ˵ѾˡСЦ˵
ʱͼѾӵվƨ֮󣬺ȻЦһ˵ãȻˣҲʲô˵ˣǴ߰ɡ
ͻȻôСһҸϽȥ˵СĵѾͷ϶ƭˣ
ƭˣǺǣѾûҪƭˡ
Ƶ˸̣תһסǸ첲ʯŮ֣ЦЦ˵ý㣬ҲԺˣҲ㿪ˣԺԼౣأô嶯ˡ
һ˵⻰ŮȦ̺קŶƵֲ˵Сӣ㲻Ҫ߰ɣ
㣬벻߶ˣʵҲ֪Ǻ˲Ầң֮ԺúõģǧѰٻˣΪЩˣֵá
˵ɨһֳۣŮ˵ˣҽԺǷķûķö˼ҸģҰֻˣͱлˣл˼Ұɡ
˵̲꣬סɨһԱŮʵ˵Ǹξˬ
ԣҪΪֻҽԺأ챻ͣҩˣ֮лл㡭
ˬһЦ֮ǰĽթˣ·ͻһ
οһŮָһ˸˸֮󣬶ƳҺС˵ˣ߰ɣСˬҲԺˣңҲûʲôĲµˡ
СһۣҲû˵վɸߵſڣǸξˬŮȴȻܹסţĨ˵ȵȵȣҸСٺƿǴСһ𳤴ģһڹ¶Ժ۸һȥܡһ͵еǮһ׾֪һǿܾҲˣǣٺȵưɡ
У
һ⻰նҡҡͷ˵ȺСƭӣٸЩûõģôţҳûߣ붼룡
λ磬ҲҪȣСӺȣˣͨͨڰɡ
Ů˵ʱѶҡҸ첲ֿ޵ġ
ʼʱһ汻޵е㶯ҡˣת˲֮ͻȻе㲻ԾͷƤȻʼ顭


554 һʽ߽
һоԣҸϽŮ˿ССģ
û˵꣬ҵ֫Ѿʼԣ˫һͨһ͵˵ϡ
ٿС㣬ȴҵǰ涯һ¡
СС㡭ϵˣܰ
ٶȾС㻹һһƵġ
д󾪣ʱȴһ£ͼڶǸ߸ˣһֱü۵ضС㣬ûκεƫơ
аһãϽ־㻹ɵŸңСߣ
ȻҺ䣬Ӻ洫Сˣܾ;ˡ
һǿӻͷȥŷ֣ԭƵξˬŮʱξˬŵµĻһѾץסǰ㣬Ҳһ¾ͻˣûüӦѾһ̱˵ϡ
ǡǾȻȻʿ
˵ʱξˬѾƴؽ˽ѰŹغãһקڸ첲ϵʯģһߡ
Сӣµˣû뵽Щ˾Ȼ鷳
ٺ٣㳤ڴʯģӣó˰ɣ
Ĩ±ӺٺһЦξˬ͵ͷ˵ǹãǶ˵˼ûʲôģװ۵С첲ˣ챻ëˡ
ξˬ˵Ĺ򣬶ѾɳƲ˵֮ǰ͸˵ˣңңôͲأ
СѾͷ㲻˵Ϊʲô߻ۼôĵʿŭʵ
ˣǲǵʿȻʿ
ɨһۣЦ˵ΪΪЩǴСͱ˵ǹһûԸǡӽǣȻĻô䵽켣ͷƭֵزȫЩǴġô
츳͸ǵʹӦϧӦøжӦý
ȥҽһ£ʲô
ǻ˵赭дҪشʱҸһȴѾ֪˵ʲô
ǰʲôҲãԼ㲻ƾʲôȥûʵȥأ
һش𲻳һߣ˵㿴Լ˵ʲôΣһ޺֮ģ޺֮٣ֻ̤̤ʵʵǶСسﰲ˵㲻
ΪȻ㡣Ҵ
ܺãҪƻҵʲô
ƵĻٶĬһ֮߳ŭСѾͷƬӱܡ衯衯𣿿˵ǰСôˣ
ҵĵسС˹ȥôʱ䣬ԭ۶ûգֱ͸ʯһ
һ˵ҲǴ߸˵ɵӣ˰ɡ
ƻһڣжɵӵĴ߸գۣ̾ͼСָ磬еĻԪɡҪϴ
һʱСһۣý֮ͫаͼһСѡͨһˤڵء
ûõģҵΧֻҪҲ֣˭붯֡
һЦ¶ɫ˵ֻ֮ϣǲҪҵҲԷģҲ׹̺ģʲôӦھͿԷ뿪ӦǾͱˡ
˵ɨСһۣͼҲĿ¶ţȻҲû뵽ⶡƾȻôֶ߳Ρ
үȻˣܾܲô㬶ɣ
СüͷһеĻԪɡ˵СѾͷǶǵҲ࿼һ£²Ҫ㣬ħ綼Ҫͳéɽɡ
˵ŻСɡһӣѾʼߣ첲ӣֳСѾͷһ°˵ȻѾҵķҲãһκηĹƽôӮңǾٲ㣻Ӯˣ͹ԹԸߣ
С㻰һڣԱһһŮЦžξˬŮЦ˵̫ţĵӿ֪֪Сӿϵĵȫûһҹģս
ξˬ˵ʱͼСݽӲǴһЦݳ˹ȥ
ûξˬӦأСͻȻ֣һѾ߬סСѾͷͷ
ӣ˭̫أ
ʩչŮ˴ܵĴ
ͷȶ⣬߶ӣһǳɡ
һξˬûȻѾŶӵ˵ϣҧǿվ۾Сˡ
Ҵң㡭
˵ξˬѾֳ̧Сץ˹ȥȻץסС첲һ˲䣬С͵һ˦˿һд
ͷȶ⣬߶ӣŲҽѾͷѾ˵ϡ
һûֱվŶӳɳϳ̵ĶƾʵСӣΪΪʲôҵòǲסҵ
ûҡ
΢Цŵ˵ͷվ˸˵˼ҵĵסˣҪʹǲΥƽˣСˬ۴СǱ۸ģ۸˵¿ɲܸɡ
˵ӵͷֳСһЦŮֲĶģ
СҲһЦصҵģֹҽϱҽд㣬СҰִ֣һȺʱ
ˣ
Сһ仰ڣöƶʱ۳ȥžһѪȷ磬˻צһͨһͨͷûһĹѾͷѾСӵøèƵˣҺԱ߿ŵֱ
žžһƱСһߵڲ輸ϣûأСѾýŲס˶ƵؿڣʵãСѾͷ㻹أ


555 ƴ
Ҳ򲻹С㣬ҲС㣬ѾͷˣۺңҲԴС
ǣԼû£ԴСˣ㻹ܸһ𣿡
ܰбز㣡
һ˵⻰СֱЦ԰ѽһ̧Цðҿˣʲô۶
С˵Ĺ򣬶ѾɳϣơءͰʣµʮƿơƶ˸ǣСһ°˵ҴˣֵĶ
ǣС̫ãĶ
ôˣƿ˭ŵþã
Ҳûϻ˵껰һƿԼ๾ࡱھ͸ɵһƿٿС磬üͷЩԥˡ
СˣһЦ˵ôţ˰ɣ˰ɣҾ˵رʮĻСأһ㣿
㣡
仰ֱӴʹСı㣬ͼС۳һһƿƿơƣ͹࣬ƿһ࣡
һһʱĴ纰һãֳԱߵξˬСˬؽǶˣȥҪơƣֱӰӹ
СˬҲûӦһ˳ȥٿСͶƣһƿһƿǺ˸񫣬ûһĹϵʮƿơѾˣԱǴ߸ɵˡ
СˬŮԱһֱæơƣ˾ͺȣ۾͸ʲôƵġ
ź˰ͷҺԱ߿Ŷ쿴ˣʮƿơ¶ǣͬĽССôƣûϣȵٶϸһ۶ֱˡ
мͼȰ˵˵һͱͬݺݵĿɻȥˣĶٷϻ
˾ƴ˴ŰСʱͼСһΣڡͨһ̯صĿվƿϣȫˡ
һС㵹£̿ʼҡҡλε㵸ңӮ޵գޣŻ޵գ
ʱеԱʵСӣһһô
һ⻰̳̱ɳϵҺ˹ôˣǵûָֻͷĿѣҲȶƵġ
ʱͼֳһĨЦԱߵŮһʹɫ˵СˬŪǡ
Ҷʱʣƣ㣬Ҫ
ٺ٣ɶҵġ
ŶƵСˬѾְְҺͷϣһ˲䣬ͷԵѣǿˣ֫øȫûиоƵģҲ֧Ųס˹ȥ

һͷĿѣ֮Уҽѹһۣǽྻ컨壬ƺѾǻ谵KTVˡ
ҡҡԴ⣬ȻѾˣѭΧĻһӻϻżԼһˮ̣ˮ桢ϡȪˮXXס͡
ҵ찡
ҶʱһһѹϽͷһԼһ˿ҵһ˫˴ϣ⣬ǿݾƵ갡
֮ʣȻԴһ΢شæѭһҵĴߣһͬû·Ůˣֻñӽ΢΢סؼλ˯㣬һǱˣȻǡ
СС㡭С㡭
ˡһһʶǸϽ˹ȥϽҡҡɸմսͱľζѬͷۡ
ҸϽҡ£СԺۣɨһ˵ᣬѽ˯
С㣬С˯ˣС㣬û¡
˵һ룬һ뵹ǱǿȥǱֵ壬Ҷʱһ棬ȻеƲסԼֽˡ
ѵ˵⣿үʹ͸ҵ
һ룬ҺСȻû̫ʽı׹֮ĹϵʵѾ˾֪ˣʶôˣ߳һҲǹְɣ
ԽԽԼе԰Ե˵ͷ̲ס˹ȥ
չȥʱһģ⵽ֺأǲֺأ
һ߾һǰգأȻС
ιأ
͵һһ̧ͷͼСѾۣ۾ҿ
ҡҡ
һʱ֮Ҳ֪ô˵ˣʱͼСĿѾ뵽Լϣһ˲䣬һؼʱڷﴫòʼˡˣڷһŵֱǽ֡
ҵһʱ䷴ӦͷܣСѾһֻűһֻһѾ;סҵͷ˵ˣ֮ǰԸѾͷпҪʩչһˡ
ȻСһѽҰڴϣñͷһɣžһͨᣬһߴһðСӣȻ֮ΣҪռˣ첻㣡
С㣡С㲻Ұ֮ǰKTVεˣʱѾ˰
ôһ˵СҲסҸϽԼ֪ԭԭ˵˳˵Сƿˣɶû˵ǰһͨᣬ͸ƵģСʱͣ֡
һ۵ذѱӴͷȥʱͼСѾ·һ֮ߵú﷢ˣϽͷȥ㻹ɵŸϿ·ϣΪѧԺģ
һҲŷӳ˹Ͻ´ȥͿʼ·ʱͼѾ·СӴͷһֽֽһɫ˲ˡ
ҸϽʵС㣬㿴ʲôأ
Լɡ
ҽӹֽһͼдż֡
㣬ֻǮҾˣףǰúϡ
ԺңȻ´ߵģû׼˭ˡ
ĸס
PSǵĹдʱͼԭġϻ˸棬ĳˡ򡱣ǵˣȼ׬һһ顭


556 С
Ҳ̣С̾˿˵ҲûãǸѾͷҪ
˵žߣҸϽܹȥһקסһСһվȾԽҵĻ
㣬ʲô
СŵңѾû§סٺЦЦ˵С㰡ʶôˣûڱݴأۣ۲ܰһΰɣ
㣬Ҫ
ɨСһۣͼѾӲˡ
˵ոҿʲôˣȻǾ͡
ү
Сû˵žһ;ͳ˹ҸոһϢȻ޴棬ȻûأСѾҰ˴ϣֺݺһ£˵һ飬ոǲʲôˣ
ûûаҸæĿڡ
ɻճھСұ̾˿ͻȻǵģΪҪ㿴ˣʹˣȻûǾͲܳˡ
˵ģ⻰һϲ
ϻȻģҪȻǰװ׳Կˣ硭Եóһ㡭
̫
ô㵽׿û
Сһʣ붼ûͷɸҪ˵ȴҡҡͷ̾˿˵С㣬ȻҺҪ㣬ǡȷʵûҲƭ㡭ϧˣ֪ʱ֮ǰ͵͵ƿӿأĻǾͿԡ
һû˵꣬ȻͼС㽫߬Ĳҵӡ
һ㶣ʵʲôʱ˸
ʻʱСѾɿңЦһ˵㻹ûдﵽɫĵزҪ濴˵ĻⱭӦϡ
СݺݵĻһŵƨҷˡ
ʱͼСתſߣҸϽʵС㣬ǽȥĶ
ϻȻȥҶƣܲ˰ɣ
С˵Ҳ˵ͷʰöϽ˱ݣϧǣ·֮⣬ϵжûˣԪɡҲˣںͰȶѾѾͷ֪õĶȥˡ
һʱҲ֪ȥĶҶƣû취ֻȻǼKTV
ʵǵûôģǻϹޣҪŪɲһ׵顣
ϾûǮ򳵣쬵ĺҹСֻܲȥǼKTVòԶŶʮӵĹѾֻصǼKTVȥþһʣƵѾˣȥĶʱĶһ֪ˡ
һֶˣС̲סɱϾѾû취ˣȻЩΣǻֻȻסĵطԱ749дˡ
ҪߣȻͼŮŮѾҡڵ˽ͷǸ߸ӣһһ𳪸Сӣ
С㣬
̲סһСӵע⣬ͼ̧ͷһϳСŵˣͷܡ
һСҪܣϽ׷˳ȥܲٶȿŶƲԶˣûһͱСһŸ߷˵ϡ
žͼСͬʱͻȻͷһ۳ҵ˹СһϽһ°˿
۾
˵СһѾ첽Сӵּ̧һֵȳСݺնȥС۵һҽУûȷأСѾֱֻס°ͣݺԱһšСӲ°͸°ֱ͡죬ŵøϽģҪ
˲٣һߴдչΧ۵ģδ𲻱Ҫ¶ˣѺŴ߸ͽԱߵĺͬССԴһɣ˽ҲйҲã֮߱һ١
ʮӼСӶˣСŰִ˻ȥšСӵԴǽڣҧݺʵĶ
ңҲ֪
Сӻû˵꣬Сץͷݺײ˵ϣۡһײСӱѪֱ
ʱС˵ʵȻȻʿͿ͸ˣҪɱ練ơһ飬Ķ
ڣڷСݡ
СӿɲˣϽսս˵С˵ǴֻȻеֵͦʵģ϶üǮһǶ˸ݣСӾ͸͹ȥˣ㣬治֪
˵Сһ£һԴײһ£ٶʵ㣬ǲǰŪȥģ
ǣСõİ
Ǵ˵˵ŻŻǣǻȥԾҰȥˡ
˵СѾˣüͷֶݺ˵ԭ㣬·Ҳѵģ
·
СһʱһϽҡͷ˵Ҷ췢治ҸɵģҰǿ֮СӾҳȥˣǵ·Сˬǵģ͵͵ȥһûá
һ⻰СɫǺת˲٣վͻȻֹȥС˵һһ⣬ǿ͸ˣ˶Ȼʿÿո˵ǿݵķСҲǵĸǶѲҲǣ
㣬Ȼѩǻ۹ˣ
ٷϻ˵
˵
СĶæ˵ˣСһǹ¶ԺģǴ꣬˼꣬˼깤ǼҡСݡǾȥԶ
ûʵʲôСŭ
ֵ
ֵ
СһֻǴ߸˵ԣֵסƣӶֱһ޼᲻ݣʯгɶ֮ϾûвĶ
һ⻰С˲侪ס˵ˣǵùˡ


557 
Сʳݵĵַʱľһ֪ˡ
СҲû߬Сӵͷֱײ£СӰһֱӾͻȥˡ
Сվ˦˦ϵѪֳ˵ߣȥݡ
СֱǼҡСݡܿҵڡ
һ壬Ȼһ˶ûС
һûˣ壬Сȴקסһ˵Ҫǲǣ˼ҿȻʿûУô򣿡
һҲԣСô죿
СһתͷҾƵݵĺ档
Сûʲôĸ¥á̳ǸС¥ĵ̣иԺӡ
Ƶ֮СҾǽְҸקȥȷû֮ȥ˳źžݵĺ
Ȼ͵͵أȻǰﴫһ
ҲǣɴСҾͰСӵСÿôɱ
һǻҺС㶼סϽ͵͵سųſ˹ȥһͼԻ
һ뵹ǿʲôһʮģ䡢ϵΧȹģԶǶоһζҲ֪϶ССݵϰСˡ
ʱֻǴͻȻһ£˵С֪׹̵ʵΣ֪Իʲô³ѲɣΪ˶Ƹԣ
Ȼ׹̵ˡ
һ˵꣬ŵСϽҡͷ˵ôأҪԵĻҲֱӰСǹɱˣǶϵã︮ޣҿΪǳ׵װ︮ˣ
˵ʱˡһȻľס
ȻСȴּЦǺ˵˵ܰǶŪϿ治࣬Ƥë͵̵úܣҲҲⱾ£ͳ¶ħ֮ɵΪҶԼ䰡ĵҪЧ׹̵ġ
ݶľͺãǾͲҪˣҪɱƣ͵㶯֣
ǣ⡭
ⰡǰģѾͷϵ֣ǸСһ𳤴ĸ϶ûнģ㲻˭֣
׹̽˵һЦС˵СӣúҵĻԺǲġ
ǡǺðɡ
ԥһ֮СЭ
ܺãһʬʰɰܾȫˡ
ʰ˸ƣ
ἰҲ̲סˣһŭһѲ˵ͳ˳˹ȥ
һСҲų˳һҲһ¾ס
ûСӦѾһ˹ȥ
˵ֵ
ȻСȻҲʡ͵ĵƣһ˲Ļ́һͼͻȻ˸һ׹⣬ֵڲ˵һžһǲ˵˲ͱ롭
ƽʱĻҿ϶ȡһǡ￩һɴʱ˿Ѿû˼ˣһֻΪ
һϣ˵һȭͷ˹ȥɻûأСѾ˦նҵĸ첲
ȫѾ˲ˣСһжϱ֮ΣϽӺ泶һѣհҵĸ첲ֵ֮ȥһžСϡ
СӦصͬʱСཻ˸񣬼ͬһʱسԱ߹ս׹̽˹ȥ
һΣգ˸ϽһŷֽҪСɾʱСȴͻȻ߳˹ֺ̧ݺ׹̽һѺСɫͷ֣
Ķ֪Сӻ˵Ѿһְ߷˵ϡ
ѽ
׹̽һֱҪæСּۿ죬żһߣڵϵİѲ˵̱߷ᡱһֱֱ׹̽ڵϣ۵һҽУķֽ˵ϡ
һȥ߬׹̽ڵͷȭݺײǽϡ
ءһ촫һ֣ͷѪ׹̽Ѿۻȥˡ
һһֳСɨ˹ȥȴСѾ˹
붼ûȸһȭСһΣһѾ;סĲӡ
Ǿ䡰ֵûȳأͼѾҵӸǸȥ׹̽
Ǳżû
һΧȹ׹̽ڵ˿ڰãһͷҲصؿ˿ڡ
⻰һҺС㶼ס
㣬ղ˵ʲô
һʣСŻͷɨһֳۣȶſһ°˵棬Լȥҡ
һ˵ҸϽŰɵײ˷ţȥһֻǸʮƽ׵СӣһȥĶʲô˰
ΪǱСӸƭˣȻСѾ˦ϵѪԼ˽Ѵ̵̰һƣͼڴµĴռ˯ء
˯ͦһž˹ȥ֣Ҫλһʱֻ໡һУǲλͿʼ˹
үģ˭ôݰӻûڽӴأǧ깦һƣؿˡ
С˯ͦ
һҵᡱһ¾վؾһ꣬ʵѽǶΪأ̫ˣˣ湻Ƕ˼
ҺȵĹСѾɻسſ΢ЦС˹ȥʵ㡭ΪʲôҪǣ
ҲǰǣǰԼȵȵȡ
˵ŻСתߵſڣȹ˵ְ֮׹̧̽˷غͻȻͨһ͸Сǹ


558 Ϻ
СͻȻ¹򣬳׵׾һ¡
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ССӵԭ׸ġ
ԭԭ
ҾʣɼȻԭΪʲôָжô֣
ʻһڣСȴ̧ͷɨһۣζ˵ֵܣǶǴӹ¶ԺģӦ֪ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ
ֻСֽ˵ֺӣСͱܱ˵ӰۣЩ˵ǲӵˡһֵģֻжơξˬɵԼҷ֣ʵⶼֻǺһҪĵġ
˵СĬһ£̾˿˵ǵʱСֻа꣬Ϊһ磬СȥһȺеĺ۸޸ĸҰִ֣ǡһӼǮǣżȮʱǿǹôǻӾǣŹǣΧסǲܡ
ǲ𣿡Сʵ
ʻһڣСȻЦˣҡҡͷ˵֣ǲЩڹ¶ԺÿԲϲѧҰӶѡһǵãʱͻȻͳ˹ȥѹ棬Ȼ
˵һ룬СֱҧĬһ˵ǵʱҲСŵöˣҲҷͼƴؿ޺Ȼֻ󹷸ǼˣڶϺݺҧһڣⶼ˺ˡ
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ȻһѪǼӶˣǣǺŵÿܻ˼ңһܣҲѶ̧˹¶Ժȥpӳȥ棬ݺһ١ǺǣΪ𣿻ûУϣǣǻӵļҳҵ˹¶Ժ˵ǰĶ۸ˣҪʰǲɣ¶ԺԺǸԷǸûǳԡ
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ΪҲũҲײ켣ʵô¶˳ˡ˺ˣϸһ룬ܺö˶˵Ļôǲװ
ʱֻС˵ʱȻǻСͯȴӡһǶ·͵͵ǮܡݰɡΥƷ֮ʲôɹֻΪ˻šӶ㱻ҧǴֶ֮һµţơÿֻҪһȥͻһȺΧΧ׷Žʼʱÿ͵͵ޣԽԽǿȻϲУԾͰԼָĳ˶ƣ˵Լ磬ʲôѾҪˣٺʱҲ֣ͯ궼ˣǾǻñ۸ֱˣԼԺ˶ƣҳ˷ΰ˶ɵӣСξˬǺǣǲںѾϰЩЦĿЩЦϽŬȥ׷Ҫ
С˵꣬ǸһĬԭֵı󣬾Ȼôһʷ
ʱСȻʵǲ԰Ȼԭж㣬ΪʲôëСȻڽҲһ֣ǿ¶ԭ
ԭ򡣡
С˵һΪļ֣ٽжǸ֣Ϊǻһͯʱʹ£ڶëΪ˱֣лڵǼǵģȻǹ¶ҲǺڻڣëִĻᱻ˳Żڼ¼ҵ
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ҵ˵ͷС˵ǣѾͷƭõģë׿һ㣬ȻéɽˣëѾͷ˲˵仰ɣ
֮ԳΪéɽˣ붡йأҲéɽڵı֮١
֮٣ʲô֮٣
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ʱӻ˵ղͽܣеͽܶսˣϺǵһʮеһԱʵɶëС֮£˸ѣʮǰɽ٣Ϻȫӹʮ˸ԮϳϺʮʿéɽһսʮʿȫɥϺʱȥéɽĺɽɽϿһ񻹱ʮʿء
һ˵꣬ȴСӻ˵ʮ˲ûȫʮӲéɽȴ
С⻰Сס
˵ţǶòǡ
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ǡǺôģ
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Сüͷ˵éɽ׹Ź֮⻹һԭ򣬵׹ɽٺļеѰ䣬Ϊһ


559 ̩ɽ
СĻǵĺ棬̲סʲôȻСȴҡҡͷ̾ǣǶʲôҲ֪
ɾ˹ˣͲ󣬶ҲͶʮ꣬ҾȻԵɽ֮սʷ֪ôôƫƫ֪Ƕʲôأ
һɻ󣬶СȻҲѾҵ£ЦЦ˵ǲػҵݣ˭˵Ǿˡ
СָǣǷڶʱԭǼͥҸΪŮӵİڽӹֵʹ֮н˹Ҳ𽥿ʼЦݡ
ϧþô꣬ȴջǱ׹̵˷ټһɱУƴڻ޶ߣమȴԸԼɷǽŮغַ֮˼У붡һͨɱ˶Ļ
Ůձھ밸ֳĺͬ﷢֣ұ˹¶Ժ
˵ʱСӽд̨˹ȥӳȡһִȡһŷƵƬǿ
ƬˣһڵЦݴǵ緢ëСֻһĽüϳһСкëСǰٺɵЦͿԿӦСʱС
ʱС˵ʵһжëͰźõģҳ֮һ˹ûмŵ¶ԺȥͶϣΪ֪ϵĻҲûչ˶㣬Ǽ׹һֱ׷ɱɽٵĲдߣٱ¶һΣգֻöڹ¶ԺУʱʱͻ͵͵һߵݹŶ㡭
أΪʲôкëĺӰһ˻Ƭʡ
СЦЦ˵ΪҲͬǱë͵¶ԺģʱҲ꣬ĸڳȥȴҰһҴëңҽ͵˺Ͷͬһ¶ԺУʱûж˵ԭֱҳˣһëʱ͵͵ң֮ôΪ߱㣬ֻңжɵӡξˬʵǱë͹ģҲΪʲô߻ôȻʿԭ򡭡
һ˵һȻʵҲ˵Ȼʿ飬ҲëǵĿԼ㣿
Сͷ˵ûӦǼ֪Ȼʿһ˵ģëϴǵǣĻ˵ĵʿҪСУȻϰõȴΪжɥʧȻʿԭ߱ԴĳЩ˵δκѵȻʿڵǱԶԶԽʿΣͷױǿŤתǬΪġ
С˵⻰ʱ̲ס˵ͷȷˣ粻õ֤
ͰȽϣ۸ʵԣȫһΣۼƻǱȰǿģһ㲻ڴʱ˫ȭͷıϣڻָҲ֣ͬˣϢȫûˣҪϢһڣҲ˵ΪǱܸԵʣʳԽһʿܶࡣ
֮⣬رӦþȻʿˣү֮ǰĻ˵Щͣʺ޵֮˼Сһڲͬʽ޵ˣŵȴὥˡ򳹵ʧȻʿͲͬˣΪڵǱܵòͷţԽԽǿҫĿޱĿ͸ԴĿƵĴѪ
λѵȻҲСС˫γһиΧһʣ뵶һѾʶˣ۲죬һֱڶǶɵӵӦǿĿסֵжһξˬǿýӴʣ룬Щ˶Ϊ︮µĻֶһǿһս
أС˵֮ǴҲˣ˵ëڶߵػߣ֮ҪػëҲ˵׹ҪϺϵõĶھڶϣһ׹̻ãһҪΪéɽɵˣΪϺΪéɽģéɽӵéɽɽɽ֮ϣʮʿµʬǣǶéɽŵʱ̰˸֡¡éɽӵľġ
Сôһ˵ƺѾЩëСġ
ǰȫʮˣΪһɵɶͷ­ѪȫʬɽҰéɽ˵ǶĶ鰡
֪ëСµõóֵȴ࣬ŴӦеٮٮߣϧȴ֮壬Ϊ׹̵ħ֡ɽЩ͸˵ˣֱͶں֮ڣéɽЩˣëĿˡ
ɶȷʵͬȲ˵Լûéɽŵʵƾ׺ʮϺéɽĹҪ˭ܲһ˵ϺŮéɽ֮λЩϺӾȹéɽʿһ˷ܿѾ֦ҶéɽѸ𡭡
һ뵽ַѣ̾˿˵СȻë;Ѿͷ̳֮λΪʲôѾͷȴͬ⣿ˣתӦҲ֪ˣôɺ𣿡
һ˵⻰СȻЦ
޵òǣţħ磬СԼ


560 
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С˵꣬һĬС㣬ԾѾۿˡ
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˵⻰һĬʣҲǺףȻëģΪʲôֻ׹̹һ𣿡
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˵Էס˵Сʡ
С˵ͷ˵û׹Ȼɻ䣬ʱȻҪ취ץߣȴҲ̫ĿŵŻҵϡ
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СһЦҡҡͷ˵żʱ֪ˡ

ʮӣСιȥ׹̽ˣԺһۣۣСһϽܵ˴ߣһˮ˵ˣɰҸŻˣֲ֪ô׹̵ͬ顭
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Сôһ˵׹̽ЦһɨСһ˵Сӻǿòϡ
˵ŻҲ˴˿֮󣬱ֽСʵѾʮˣǱߵôˣ
ģҴ绰Ѿɽˡ


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һԣСŵسС˹ȥȴС׹̵СͷĿЦǡ
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˵ɨڶЦëСһۣһ˵ɱᣬ˵ëСɲǰ쵰
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ǸϽͣסϸһëСһڣȴ˲Ƕ˶ˣԭΪħ˸񣬶Ҳѿƣ֪ͷӾһһѲһһǿûһǱëİ·סͷǸ˴ˣʮһһĸ֣ͻȻռľͷɱ˸⣬СŮӻȥô


567 һʦ
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ħˣǵִ屶ëС֮ǰƭʱ˵ڰŮңһܷһ·Ϊһء
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ءһŰըΧ裻ԵƷڵء
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С΢΢һüʱɢĺɫ֮ڣһЦЦһ׷ͯյϵʿѾִ߳
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΢΢һЦֻһֵĹǱۼѾûΪһźըɢ͸һʼҵۣһԲεСܡ
űʧɫɵصһʵ⣬ʲôΪʲôܵסʦӡĹ
Цһûش𣬵Сعͷеȶ̵ģ㣬ʲôʱɵһУ
ٺ٣Ϊ˵һ£𣿲˵ģԴܹƿ֮⻹ǵһʽóءٺٺ٣Ǻá
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űʧɫϽһ˫Ⱥһ̧֣ŵһѻֽѾ˹һɨ಻ʮţͬʱʮڻ飬ϵ治ɽһʦ
ǻҲ㣬ƣһӺһνҵŰסۿʮŻѾɵǰҲѾ̳һȫװѪɫսף̧˫󻤶ܵסţһʱһžըʮѾըȴ޷ҷֺ
һסٶǰ壬ûȴűʦӡ£һգ۵Ĺײؿ֮ϣһȾ˳ȥ
һóѣűһЦٶ̧ʦӡ


568 һ
һűҪ֣Ҳһ˵ģ˵һµѧѾս׵÷ȶֻҪһػʦӡϾʦټűըϣһʱѾ΢΢Щͷˣ˭֪ܳŵסá
űʦӡ֮ʣСѳǰӺסңһΣתֻҵǰ
С˻ȥ
һСҪҵסűĹŵҸϽҪקϾѪ֮ûп׻һǻᡭ
һСһۣһߡ

һŰſµͬʱűʦӡһʱͼСһ̧֣ಡһ֪ĶĻԪɡѾС
С㡰һչɡʦӡײɡϣɡ
޴ĳС˼ɡһ˿
СɡݸһЦħɲҲУ
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ʱһԾʵС㣬㣬ʲôʱѧⱾ£Զңأ
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СЦЦ˵ΪֻһµʱѧҲûţ
˵Сٶȼű壬űһü̧ʦӡ˲ּ˸ٿС㣬ܶͶ㣬㲻͵лԪɡıһĹѾ嵽űǰֶһּ̧֮еĻԪɡѾһűϴ˹ȥ
ۿɡűüԽԽŭɶűȻһŭ𣬾ʼ͵ҡͷ
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СһŵøϽ󳷲ʱħıͻȻ˵ֻгһѵͭƴҡš
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ЦͼűһתϾֳһһִֻű屳ĸı䣬󱳾ǰأǰؾ˺󱳡
һϳֳͣҡҵۿʪ
үүү
վǰҡģǸڽħ֮ˣҵүү䡣
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ͻȻɫһ䣬Ѿʹ˽ӲӲһ֮ɫѾ¶һĨЦ
ħǰҲʲôǲ֪
ǰķҵүү䣬˵һ¾ǲ塭
Ϊħ֮壬Ϊħ֮꣬ȻʦλߵĻǱħ֮ѾȺ󱻲ס
ҡͻȻɽҰ֮ķޡ»Ұƺһ𺿽ͷĵ׷
ʱһֻͻȻ֣ѾҵĽץסҾ֮еͷһһ߾߸ʬ
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֮ʸϽҲһ̧֣ûõĹǰѴǰưڶȾͬһһʹӱүү˹ȥһУǰʬħùһΣЧܺá
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ۿӾҪӱ̴ħĺ󱳣ɾʱȻִħһֱֻгһľһɨѽӴڵء
ҴʧɫɻûȷӦأȻͼүү̧ڱһ࣬Ȼӱһֳľݡ
ʱһӰүү䶯Ȼһһԣʦӡɷǡ
һ˵¿ɲˣʦ룬⻹ô
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éɽ׻ʦëСֳֽ࣬ǻ񡭡
һʦűҲ࣬ӡɷǣҲһЦ
мģҵүү䣬˵Ѿȥ˶꣬Ҳݵλȴ𽥵֪СʱϲżҽµĺͰүүʦɽһ֣ǵһʮ֮ס
һһֻңСҲ񣬾ʱȻͼһԲĶȻүүؿڴ˳
ϸһȻһͷǱˣѾΥ󡭡
Сþò
һЦ̲ס˵ޣһӲҲ㣬㿴㣬ʦëСһȺʦֵܶչмӣû뵽ڱ˲˹ģ㶼Գéɽĵӣ
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ʱأ֮ˣԳʼҵѾˣ˼ʵħΥ
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ĳ֣ٶȾһ
˵ǰǸħûٽ֣ǰħֻ֮Ͳ˸ǹһ壬ǰһǵһμħȻһ룿
ǰɨһ飬иһѹ֣ʦսթħͷһսǵʤʿ¼㡭


569 ħʥ
ҳ֮ʣҲѾүүؿڴ˳һվЦҲһɻħһħΪȴܷ룿ٺ٣ħ֮ħ˸ֻٽһ˸Уȫ͡
˵ͻȻСɨһۣһϽٻذȻСǰһۣ㿴ʲôٴС⣡
ٺ٣Ҵ򲻴⣬ΪħеһˣΪľᣬֻнУħŻĳ͸С㣬Ӳġ
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ȴȻŶһֳСЦˣȻڣмҲøˣС㣬ǶŶ
㣬˵ʲô
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Ǻǣ˵鶼ԣǰ׹̽С㣬ٶС㣬ҹ˼ⱦŮأֻܾȥһžۡ
⻰˵꣬ʱЦСҲ¶Щ壬һС㶯ҡҸϽס֣С㣬ĵһƭģòײ׹̣ھصް
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У߬ŵȴһľĳδ죬׵׺ڱӭչǲӦý죬ù˵Ļ˵ᦡ
һħļƣҲЦǺǣҪϷôţ춼ˣôţӮˣ
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ôһ˵ңǰƺǰȷʵ˵ϸһ룬ȶ˵ЩӦ麣
ʱ麣ûб׹̣öСƹʱֳһľӣǧеöﶼǾӵĶ֡
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һڣҰûӦҲ˵ʱеģ
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˼֮ͼͻȻëͳһԲĶ̧ӾͳųǰëС˹ȥ
һԼëС˦ּ彣Ѿն˳ȥ͡һԲĶѾһΪڵϣֱʱСſǱëСһնģȻǸͷͼͷѾʣ°ˣ۾ǷŭעϿա
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СҲ̲סһٺһЦ˵ҿɲɱˣһ·ʮ׹̽ڵʬ𣿺ٺ٣б޻
û䣬ͼѾӭͳȥԭΪҪһ˴أ˭뵽û˵ͷëСϣëСѾһĺϣƤëӲޱȣȴûܴͷǴ̵һҽУûأѾԴһš
ͷſڵϣ̽Χסʩžһͨߵҽˡ
СںһֱӾɵۣ˵Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ֪϶򲻹Ȼȥǰ
ϸһ˹ſڵϾһŵҲǹ˰򣬾͵͵ʳЩͷԽ
ת۵Ĺ򣬼ͷԽѾɣȻͼ̧ͷһЦ͵һ壬һըɢỊ̇ѽײ˳üԶ
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570 壬һħ
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ҺٺһЦСӣҪˡ
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еʮȷʵеУӭչ֮ʣͼһŰðһĹѾٲˮһǵĽ
ǰ֮Уһֻֻ»Ұ类ᦴٻ˳һ㣬ʼΧҽУγȺ֮
ټүүеľҡҲǿع֮һʱ»ҰϷɣʬڵϻΣֱһƬ˼ħ
һɲаС̶ͦˬʱ䳤ǿܲˣͣζеʮᦵͬʱҾ˫߬Űȷȣҡ̣ȷ磬ҡһ磬Ҵһ磬̺ѪɫײŰ֮ʣֻЩ»ҰĲҽӵ
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ԪɡһôǲеĽûնɡһΣͬʱɡ̻ᡰһһ̣ӭ򲽷壬ֻҪһ룬ɫı̾ͻʹ಻ȻǱûʹס̵ǿڳ¼ұ̹ˡ
һιãʱ䳤˲嵹Ҳ˼ԣĶһĳͳ尡ʱȻĲҽһԴ
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ʦӡϵһ˲䣬ֻشءըڷʱһԭŵĵطѾըһ˶ĿӶ
ҪܣëСѾֳľסȥ·һֱð۵ˣҵϾ彣аħ֮
ɼǶ㣬ҲԵЩģΪүүʱһЦҡ塣
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֮޶ԣٶƿڴǱвУǶǧޣҲô۸˰ϼһɶʦһһĸ֣һǵûҲɰ
ȷʵˣΪ֮һǶһĺ֣ޣǧûٴʦӴĶлĶ֣
СĶѵÿ֣׹ʥҲ򵥣ǲ壬ħƽûؽҪС㣬С㹻ϸģЩ֮жʱ˹ȥ
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뵽ҸϽںĶ㣬㻹ɵŸʲôǷӡסħϵ
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ҵĺһ֧֧һȴһĻû˵ʱһЦٺ٣ôҲ֪Լǰܲˣô֪ûаأ
˵ҡеʮᦣɨɫŵĶһ֮һ˵ǽʱСѾͷɰǲʮΣϧǿ𲻵ʲô;
ʲʲô
ĻҶʱһϽֳŶ˹ȥͼҲݺݵͷսս˵һֱͼǣǡҵΪʲô𲻵ã
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ͻȻЦЦħҲʼЦ
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һ˲䣬ֳħƽ𽣳С㿳ȥĲգ۵ĹȻҡһű壬ȥĽҲѾ˲ʦӡ
ˡһʦӡ͵СǻԪɡɡϣӡһСһҽ̱õ˳ȥ
С㡭
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ΣͷٶȻûֻȥӣȴһĳҲ˲仯Ϊ˲塭
ħƽ𽣡žһն󻤶֮ϣĽ˲Ƕ뻤֮УֻһʹȻǷĽѾҵ󣬺㻤ܱҪȻĻҵѾӦˡ
Ҳҵһ̧־ѻƽ𽣴ӻϵȥ˭֪˲Ϣ֮䣬Żƽ𽣵ĲѾ仯ΪЦëСеĽѾ仯Ϊһ׻Ҽ
ûҽջ׻Ѿƫұۼ׻ܵ˿֮ϣ׻˳ѪƤ⣬һը˿
ʹ͸ҪƤǡ˺һ۵òҽһŸ첲͵˵ϡ
ʱķһѾԭëСվλãע⣬һ͸Ƥëϡ
⽣ޱȣ䴦ƤëѾһӣ۵ͬɴʱүүԼסֽţ޷мܣ㡣
һЦתּһ£һĺϣ˿ںȻӡϡ


571 һƷ̫ͼ
ĲҽֻѾЦ˰ɣһ廹壬Ƕֻһħһ壬һǿԲϾۺϡɢת̬λãΪֻǷ崦ͬһ˶ѣ
˵ֳžһԵĶɨһۣٶЦСѾͷȷʵܷסκ֮˵ħһħħ룬㵥һסκһħЧģͬһڱסֻл˸Ҳ͵ƽٺ٣˵ħǣȻôðδ͵ħԸأ
Ŀ¶ҧز˵ٶЦߣΨһѡڹԹǻܶһȻСȿ֫˫ۣʱ벻߶ɲ㡭éɽһս㸸鶼ǵĶ֣ƾôССĹ¶Ұ֣Ҳ뱣סһƷ̫ͼ
һƷ̫ͼʲôһƷ̫ͼ
һʱȴѴһԴ
ССԹɽߵʥһʮʦ׹̸֮⣬ļ֪٣һһֱϺڣʮɽ֮סһƷ̫ͼ
Ļһԭ׹һֱӶϵõģⶫ
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ͻȻЦŵ˵ͷ⻰һڣԼħ϶¶˾ϲıּʣ̫ͼʲôط˵˵̫ͼҲһͲطҪͻؽڵˡ
ҰͲھ
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˵䣬ͼתú󱳳ǣĺ֮ϣɼһ̫ͼ
ȥ̫ͼɲת㱳ϵ̫ͼǻһε˫ڻתš
⡭ǡ
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㻰ĻѾ⣬ȻǲὫ̫ͼ׹̵ģҲǶٷģٿѾٶ¶ŭݡ
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СѾͷ֣ҵҪǲǸһӲ
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ʱͼٶҡеʮᦣһʱǺٶȳɽ֣ûȶ㶯һ£һȺ»ҰѾİ㣬תۼĹѾֽס
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ʱķһѾһס˶Ĳӣͽݺݵ˵СѾͷħЧһ£ҿ˭ܾȵ㣡
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شӿд֫͸ʹΪʹŤȴɷһ㵭΢Ц
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һڣȻͼϼ˲ɶɢءһŵĲһ̫ͼڵ¶ӡۣеͬʱת
⣬ǡ
󾪵õһʱ򣬾ͼŶļֻ»ҰͻȻɻɢ֫Ϻ͸˿ڣʼϡ


572 ̫ͨ
س̫̫ʼǣţУгϣ϶ǣǳԣͨŹ
ŶУ̫ͼתٶԽؼӿϼǧɫ˲Ϣɽ֣Ų
ϼ֮£ϸ˿ѾȻ޴棬ֱ
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˵ͻȻץĴȣ˹ȥݺݾһڡ
ҧǶ㣬ȴȫûκεķӦһԼ˲Ѿһͬ˺ҧ˺ۡ
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˵Ż˹ƺڵһ⡣
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577 㲢µ
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ңҡ
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ûһĵҵıϣһҵѾҵıųءһײ󷭷ɳԶǱſ˵ϡ
Сӣֽˡ
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һЦ˵ħǸˣʽҲӦܿףǼѾˣҾ㲻ˣҪɱҲһѵ飻أԪħģҪȡǵҲѾǲܵˣһǵԮֻ㲻
ô󾹻װ˺Ϳ
ҿɲɫһЦֳ̧ңԶҹĻһָ

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ۿźò׻ܵħôˣҵȻвʣһʧټҵģ׷
ŵľһɣ˫ϥһ̱ڵء
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һһֱ˯˴ǰδе̤ʵȣۣﾲĵģõҸоЩӦˡ
´ʱҵ廹ʹһĹϵһЩСѾõòˣҴ·ߣŵһ˲䣬һľһŨذ˳ŷǺֱԡ
ϸĿһͼͰɳϣһ˵ŸС̾С㶷أֵܵ϶ֽȻСӵòᡣ
֮˵ǿӣΪͰ֮߸ߵɳϣһˣʱʱһƣȻ͵͵С㼷üŪۣǶ㡣
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Ҹյͷ񣬳ޱʹӳɰ˳ŵʵʦôôˣôҪúϢģ㿴أ
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ȶ̵ģ˭ôģ˵زҶһǻ۵ģҹȥϢ
˵ŻСһžͰ߽˷ߵڵֱ
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578 㻨ļ
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һҡˮССɫ㻨ͬѩ׷򿪿Ƭͼ滭Ц棬дż֡
ÿһ϶Ļ궼İģǣһ϶Ļȴ꣬˽ޱҸ㣬ǣҺ
㻨ļڣлл꣬
СӣԸ綡㻨Զʥа


579 ų
δ·ᱻ׹̵˷٣ǿɲֱӾͻصȥ˾ų;·С·϶գһֱҹʮʱǻص˻УүɵӵˣѾڴԺſԴжӻӭˡ
Ҳ֪ΪСǴҶЩԵʣȻſڵȴŻӭǣɫȴԵö̫ÿðݡ
ɫƺֻ㿴ģһС˳ү˻ǸϽеΧһ꺮ů
ҳһɨϽү˵үôҰ͹ùã
ǳûİɣǲͨϢǰȫúܡ
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ǵǻˣƺµ񣬾¶һ͸ϽִҴҵı˻ˣⲻǣ˵ǻˣϽӭˡ
˵ŻүЦǺǵسС˼ۣϾֶŮһСϴˣүĿ̾˿˵С㣬ܿˣû뵽ħȻԳҪȻĻҲֻСųޱƾȥðˡ
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼҲѾҡڴӳһ󣬶ʱסһľȻѾ֪˵ЩʲôǺˡ
Ͼޣһֱڴ˵֮Уѱ˼䴫ȥ˼ǧ֮ãȻİ׳ʲôӣȴ˭ûм
һүϽŰʩһʵϹް󣿡
ûүǡһɽֺģһޡ
үҲû⣬ЦЦ˵ϹŴ˵еɽް֣ұ׹û뵽Ȼ۵ļ֮ǰС绰˵ʱҿǵһء
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Ը±֮үתߣǶˣ±ҲشŶȥԼķ䡣
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ҸϽҲȥͷ˵ԶԶԣԵ̫ˣˣǿ϶϶ǹ̼أ
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οһ֮߹ȥƿ˻Ҵţſһ˲䣬һžը죬ʴڻϵĴ󵰸ӳǵ

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581 ɽ
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ϾĻ£ʮΪžľﻹʱúùܽԼµĵأ
éɽڵĵҲͽһβ룬Ƥëѧ߽׵ϰѳ̶ҲΪɽ֮ס
éɽԷ䡢׻Ϊ併ħ֮Ƿ
Ҽ򵥽һ˵үЦ˵ͷȷʵѾԷ˽˲ˣ֪Լ⽵ħ
ҵǲ֪
ҡҡͷЦֻ֪Ǹڽħ츳ĵطɽкܸߵ츳һͨѧξͻᣬϧɽб𣬹ѧʲôãöڵĵǻ˺Լ塭
Ǻǣûħһȷʵìܡ
үЦЦ˵ڷڻûֳ֮ǰԭɣӦ֪˰ɣ
ٶףἰ뵽ˡ
Ϊʮ֮һӵΪžľϹԼӵӣͳ
ʱֻү˵ɽ֮ǰʦһӣسۣǺĸڵһഫسʱЧʦŵĴһس۲̼ذΪܿѣǶնɱȴѪ˶ĿȫǣԴ֮سȴõһصҲǶɽһ͸֮ܣ͸Ǵ֮س뵱һжŮϣɷ֧ڣԸɽΪС׳ճΪ˸֮һѪͳ⣬˸˳֮Ϊħ塯ڵĽԼʵɡ
˵䣬ү˫̯⣬˫ĴָʳָഥΧԲӡĬС롱ӡģۡ
ʱȻĵذ澹ʼ֨֨ûõĹľذķ϶֮оȻһ̵硣
ɳĺܿ죬һĹѾһô߶ȵС֦ɢҶ
ٿүѾ۵ˣڴ֮Ц˵Сӣ㿴Ϊииɡ֦Ҷïһ֮ɡҶ
үһڣҲһ㶡
үЦЦ˵ڽħ壬Ϊ֮ڲȫѪͳԵʣ䵼괫֮дڼȱЩ˥ܣһϽħ崫ˣȴΪʦһǧ֮У֪ٴȵˮΪ֮ɣʦһɽʦŵ֮¡ǧɽéɽΪ֦Ҷ֦ɢҶͽéɽͽ֮㣬Žʦɢɾ˼ศȱһɣͬЭ
˵Żүһָڵľҡ壬˵СӣүүΪŴ桢ǰ֮֮󱾸ýħ峤֮λĸ׻ùãĳЩԭ㸸׹ùȴܼ̳дλù֮У֮λ㡭
ʲʲôҪѸڽңĶʸ񰡣
˲һϽʵǣʲôҸ׺͹ùΪĳԭܼ̳дλǡǵôˣ


582 ްܰ1
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үֻ˵֣Ѿ㹻Ϊ֮ˣʱ䣬صѾ˲ֹһ顣
үǵʲôҾʵ
ȻүȴֻҡҡͷҲļ׷Ŀ꣬Թ¼ΣյضɸڽħеΪͽ˵ħһ֧ŵľԾ񡭡
ү⻰ţ˵ȹùúë˶Աȣëͽ£óĿǰҲֻжһȹùһֻ߸ͽܣųơɡȻҲˣʵԶ׼ֱѾֱʮˡ
뵽ͻȻһϽʵүҹùǵǳ麣Ϊʲôֺǽǳ˹ϵ
麣ǣѾ϶Ϊһ
ү̾˿˵һ749һֱڰе麣ĶշҲһֱΪǡĶ鱨Ҳᵽ˽ǣħ֮ڣȻ׹̺麣֪ǽʲôҸһΪǶʮǿΨǻڹΨһ֪ǣ麣ҵǽǣ϶ʲô£ҪȻĻҲħ˵ֻҪֹ麣ĻΨһľһǽҳ
ˣǽħµһɱ麣麣֮ǰҵǡȷʵ̫ѣƺĿ궼ôɵġ
˵ү˵ͷѾҡӺȡ˳ת˵ˣùþپڸ֮λǽλֱӸ㣬Ϊ
˵үֹ仰ûټ˵ȥ
ɼ˵ҲѾҹùõĵʲô
ħ֮У֮˶Ѿȹùȥִμ޵ˣ֧СֶӳȹùԼ֮⣬ҵİ衣
麣ѳɺë꣬ȻöԸǲ֪ƵġǡȻ麣׷Ѱ֮Ҳ򵥣ֱΣأвأǿܾͻᡭ
ķµĻңΪ˸ڽħΨһĴˣĴˡ
ûҼȥϽһƽ߹ȥͽҡүн˹ЦЦ˵үҲ֪Ķʸʲô˰㿴ʦż֮ˡָֻ߳ƹɽ⣻ٿ㣬СһƷ̫ͼëС״ëῴˣéɽ֮λԵΣأ˵˾ǸСåѸڵ֮λңԼİɣ
˵Żүɨһۣͼүüͷû˵ҺٺһЦ˵ԣܰɣһ˵Ļҿⲻ𡭡
˵ֽҡŽ˺ٶȽӸǸ
үһСӣڿɲԵʱһ
ʲôһ
ûү˵꣬Ѿͷһۣ˵ү¶ûһҹùõʮһԱʵɻ֮أҰǸ֣һƽģûʲôһ
үȻҵ飬ȻǵģҲûٶ˵
˲һĬ֮СͻȻԱʵ壬᲻֪ǽǵ
󣿡
СĻҶס԰Ϲŵȫ֪ޣʶ㲩ϵ֪ŶԣոմҶרעڷڵĴʽȻѰˡ
һүҲ˵ͷ˵ԣǿҰѯһ£֪Ķ࣬㲻֪£ҲһܸǺܶأްĶ
үʱΧȺ˿ĶаӰӰ˵ˣڡ
˵˹ˣղŸյʱ򣬻һߴԴһſڻϿŮôôĹͲˣ
ʱȺﴫֶүҸղź񿴵ˡ
Ķүʵ
˵ֵ̫̫ûȥˡ
죡Ѱһ
үһڣҸϽҪܣɸû߳ȥأȴͻȻһǺžͼǽյĻҴšءһ¾ͱ˴ײ˿žͼֵ̿سһžȺ
ˣҸ綪ˣ
ʲô
һڣҸһүϽʵô£ѵ׹Ϯ
ңҲ֪û׹̽ڵӰӡ
Ŵȥɢɢ죬Ͼôûˣкܶ໰Ҫ˵ǣǸոոʱҺ̫ˣȥ˸򣬿ֻϸĹ򣬻ҸͲˣԭڵλãд򣬴򶷵ĺۼ
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һ𣬸ϽȺг˳ȥ죬ǹȥ
ҲתǾͳ˻ܳذǴ֮ǰ͸Ŀյϡ
ͼżվƿͼ־ԼصͷϽȰ־Լġëָŵ澪Ǹڳ̸أҾĹҸûˡ
ȷڳ̸
ҺǺһЦ¿ʼϸ𳡵
˵ȷʵϿԿܶ򶷵ĺۼѪȻһëˣһֵؿӡ
Ŀյشɽʯ·ΣҲֻһСѣټɽеһҪ׷ٽӡǲˡ


583 ްܰ2
ʲôôĵӣȻ︮ĵ̰ˣ
үüͷ̧ͷʲôˣһ֪ǵϸˣǵļֵ¶϶׹Ѳϵ
뵽ҸϽվ˵ҷͷȥңҪŹصκһ䣬Ѫδɣ߰˿϶ûԶ
һһڣ̷ͷڻظδ䵥ǱϮؽ˵Ķ顣
һʱ䣬һȺͬ749Ÿǵæµһ֮ȴȫûзκ˵Ŀټ
˹ˣǱص˲Ÿոհްôôʧ٣Ѳɻ˲ɣ
һѰʱǼôֱүСǸϽַοԽǰοԽǼ֪꣬ʲôҸɲһǹƤë
ôǲֵΪʲôûУ
ֵܾͷҪʲôһ𣿡
̾˿ҺҸΪ֮ΣɽΪΪ⣬ڣһƤëǹ޷ݻ٣ȫ֪ȫͨ㣬֮Ĳ𡭡
һ⻰һȻ򣬰˵ѹֵѪҸոջ֣ٲҲֻϹޣôգۼĹͱˣԭ
ȻΪأɽûҸ类ħһʦӡ֮󣬾ɲƤģúء
öˣҲŸż֪Ȼôȥأ
һ֮ͨԽһϵض챻Ƿˣȴûзκε쳣
һʱҶĻ䣬ʱһζȴȻǰĳƮ˳
ŵϤζһ£سСʵʲôζ
СҲñϸһţ˵ζɵ˰ľȻҰµɽųˣζҲûԹһˡ
һǷֻɽûأ
ͷһЦЦûѾ⡱һƺʶʲô
ʱͼС㡢үԼҲɫǶû˵Ͻ˳ζǰ壬Ѿ嵽һſڡ
Ҷû˵ءһͰŸ˿ȥһֱӾɵۡ
ͼǷһСߺϵԧǰԵòֺһүŶ룬˶ס
硭
Դص˻֮˾һֱû¶桭
һңٺһЦ˵ˣֵܣһԵ
ү
ҳȥһȻ⡣
磬ߣĶģ
ʻʱҲѾ˽ſԧԱ߾Ϳʼ
һߵɫˣһγȥִɵֵһ飬ģһ¿֪ˣֲϻᡭ
˵䳯һۣû뵽Ҳڿ磬˵ĿһӣˣһƬΡ
ʱֻֽ˵ȻǷˣҲ˵ˣҺԣȻֶĵҩǣһǾȻҲҪɵ˵©죬ֻңҿ»ڹأ
ԣǾΪ£ǻʱûӭǣ
ӭӣߣǺ޲ðСֱ׵
ſڻǰ޵һֺۣڶ˭ʵȥѾ˶Բߣ䵥ʱ͵ϮһٳϾֵһҪ˵ɱҲ²ȥ֣˵ˣƤôʵҲɱԴһپ͵ˣҹһյϳ̣Ͷ֣׻һᣬ
˵ʱ糯Źһۣ˵˭뵽ȻˣҲ֪ĶɽûἸ¾ȻͱǸˣҲϧղ͸ƤˣԳԸҹ
ү
ʱڰͲסͳ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼ߾Ȼ׽ֵزˣһ綯֣һߣӾվǰæ
ɻûС˵ʲôأүѾһȥҲ˵ڵأһֺҲСӣ
СͱһˣȥһߣǴ򣬾ߺģүһ߶ߣһߵܼҺӣǲɽǰ󰡣󰡣󰡣
ûٷεһᣬҲǳĬͷ̣ɵ֪θǸ
ǿ˰󣬱ӡＸǧ֮ãŸջѽһûˣԧ̳ʬһһԭζ
Ա߶еİҲ˳̾˿ү˵үؿô찡Ҳûˡ
үԱߵͷһԣһʲ˵ԣȻܲã
ղѾԹˣȻ硣
ǾͺãӼȻãҲ˵󲻹ǸոջûˣԪӦѾصŶԡ
ү⻰̴ĶϽһӰԱлߵڵأһ̧ӾԼ
Ǹ
ҶʱһʱͼѾԼҧ˿ڣѪ̾˳
Ѫһ˦˵֮ǰҸ֣ΪҵѪѪŪ
˵껰ڴǰȣȻ˰죬ȴûзκεı仯


584 ؽ
ܵģô᲻ã϶Ѫ̫ˣ
˵ŻҪҧԼӣүϽקסοѵܹˣԪֻص֮УģµģǶʱڿ¸޷پγˡ
ģҸ϶ܳģ
ҡҡͷɨһ˵С᲻ΪûлԵʣ֮ǰȱýŪҸŴӳģҪٰŪһΰɣ
үһȰɣ˵ˣϹ˵ܻģûħƽ𽣰
˵꣬ʱйĻ֮Ѿͷ˵ˡ
䵽ֵزǻǵһμϾƽʱÿģһʱ侹ȻҲ֪ôοǺˣҲֻԼ
ѵһ֮үСֽн˻ȥûż˵¶ֹʮӣͶѾ˽
֮ү̾˿˵³çһ£һʱǻˡ
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һ˵Сƽʱÿ춼ϲϲûûεģ˵ֲͳˣԪֻ˰Ѱ
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ǣǿô찡
СҲüͷ˵壬ӦòС۵˶԰ɣ̲סȥѰɣ

үճڣͻȻ洫һҽУ֮ʴҸϽң˳һͼۺݺҧȣŵѲ
Ҳ˲϶ˣϽȥͽ˿СүοʱҸϽ˵磬ô°ǣôִˣ
ңҲ֪
ί˵֪˰ǲԣⲻ֣µĵǸԭ£Ҳ֪Ķͳ˳û˵ҧ
Ȼǳˡ
үСİ֮£ƽתˣүѵ缸֮ҲϽطԺǰһˡ
㬵뿪үֽǽл˻üͷ̾Уؾôÿͷ̧ͷģó¡
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أô죿ʵ
һʣүһ˼˵ҲˣϾڻﱻԵģҲ֮ˡ
˵ŻүͻȻһֱߵĵֳһļļݸ˵ˣи򵥵ǵģȹʱʱȶҪȥģڿõʱȥɢɢģǾȥȰ˰ɡ
򵥵񣿡
һ£Ͻͷļһͼļͷıд֡
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һ⣬͵һϽүʵүҪǰѷؽʲô壿
ȻС
үЦ˵һôľӪѾ⣬νУ֮ͬǰһݵһȥڱûŵ㣬ض749ֽõģܲܡ辣ݡн޻ɣ
ѷõߵ»أ
֮Щԥүһ۾Ϳҵ˼Ц˵֪ڵʲôһϴñٰɣģѾˣһηؽ֮󣬾ǸǷֲǱ߹Ǵȥˣתƣһ۾ڷú¹򣬰︮ܲ
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һɻԥһ£ʣүǷҪؽĻضķضΣ᲻̫ױ¶һ
¶ͱ¶ɣڵʱжϣԶ˵Ѿôؼˡ
ү¼˵аһս˵ĿⶼѾۼ˹ɽ׹Ķ˵ǰ˵ˣ︮ԡ֮Ȼ׹̵ʵв࣬Ҳһֱܲİ˹׹˵˵ģ
үһЦֱߵļϵ˵㣬˵ڽǵģϾϴηñ٣˵ʱ̬ʱס˲¼Ȼ󲨣Ÿոչȥһ£̬ŸոպתѣǾ¶Ļ̫עˣֻǴɢɢİɡ
ôǶʲôʵ
үش˵ܼ򵥣ѡַؽȻˣ︮ѽţؽõķãԼе֪ǰ飬ɸһʲƲء
үô˵İɣû˵
ȻүȴһЦڰ˵İɣֻҪϽؽõķþͺãܲνֲֺ;ȫ︮𡭡
үôһ˵ҲŷģʱүֳһֱԱָĶ˹ȥЦЦ˵㣬㣬Ҳһȥ
ңҲҪȥ
һ㶣үѾ˵ͷٶȴûȻѾ︮㵱ȻҲóŲμ񣬺οڻ̫ƽҲúúѧϰéɽĵˣѾ㰲źʦ
˵ŻүĿ⳯ɨ˹ȥ


585 
һ㶣ʵʦ㿴Ҹ
ү΢΢һЦ︮ڵЩéɽڵĸ֣ϾССϾˣȻҪһ㵣ζéɽʦȻʲ
ǣҲéɽ˰ţ̶Ļ⣬𣿡
İɣֻû˵Ϊʦްġ
үЦ˵ˣҲһֱéɽĵΪˣԵҪһŵӸӾ׼ѵٺʲ
үѾѻ˵ݶϣǰҲûƴǣӦ
֮Ÿոջһʱ䣬Ѿӵ˵ڶ˵εƼ򵥣Ⱥֵܵ鷳˭ֻ֪ʲôأ
СᣬʱҲѾˣүǸϽԻطϢδⶡһЩӦСͬһ˯
֪ºĽ˰죬ʶ찡ȻҪһ˯ǿʶ˰ˣû׹ء
㬵ػط֮ԥǰҹĳͶҺܿ˯ˣڶһŵ֪߹ȻѾүɳȥִˣǵҹ뿪ˣ¶һϵĻ˶ᱻѾ֮𡱰ס͵͵Ūɡ
ǵûż뿪ڻϢһ֮󣬲Ŷ
ʵ749ǵĻؾͲھʮɽԶȻԴһǰһս֮ȴѾˡ
һʱ䣬ү￭ĵܵܡšһƳ˼򵥵»ͼֽȻϣؽᰲڷõĵ£ӽṹ췽ȻεĹ̿ɲС
һʱ䣬ҲҵĵزƱͨ749ĸȫһգʽ˵Ǹ֣ſҵֶ̲ס
˵õؽҪѡַװ꣬ʵҲûʲô£Ͼ749˰æûĹѾѡһλķضεĶŶܴ꣬ԭķõһͬʱҲڵ︮ܲȫҺԥؾͽŶװһ֮󣬾ʽҵ
ͨ749æʲôȻԵ÷㲻٣ӿʼѡַһо׼׵ֻµ꿪ʱֻ˶̶̰µʱ䡣
һֱڵݵüֱ쳤ëˣҲƽָֻЦݡ
СÿΡֲͬµʱɲɣÿ춼æڵｻéɽ׻
˵Ҳˣ𿴶Ϻ˶Ů̫ͼڵһֱһϲͨȫûκεڰµʱڱ˵׻ûѧᣬ򵥵ĵ־ĶǲסƽʱƢõİ̲סѡ
ŶʮĹ򣬷Ѿģˣװ޵þͬԭķò࣬ԭķҪɻֺ벻٣үڷõ½ܲصļƻûмʩչĻ˵ҧӪҵһʱ䣬̬ȶ֮ٶҲ١
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ϾԭǸԶĵټοҵ֮ǰ749־ϵ˵̨ȴýõؽһͨ˵ȵҵ죬һľͼѾΧˣ֮ǰܹöݡйϵ̼ϰԼܱ߰ո˲ٺͺ
Ȼ˵ƭǮĳأѾģһӰҲҲүҪؽõһĿİɡ
ŵ죬Ǿ˽ſװϲ󣬺߹ңſϷִϸĺ˺첼ֵϸǰں񻨱ں͸̼Ļպò֡
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쵽ʱۿžҪ˼ʱһкȴȻȴȺ֮д˹
һΪʲôϰϲˣȻǳӽ·ſͣ
ں֮󿨳һͣʮ̿ʼڳβļװжǶ￪ʼذᶫ
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üͷ˵ǸУѾˣʱһֱû˳룬ôͻȻˣ
УѵҲͬһҪ¿ҵմմϲأ
ֻ˵ĹǹӵĹеǰҲѾϡﻩһѻõüֱ͸һϿһϸһȴˡ
߶ѻĻţǱȴţſڷ˰ڣʮţʵľҸ߹ͥУ֡
á
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ȻЩû̫֣ϾǾȥ˼Ǯô㣬ʲô£
Ȼ߰˸˽ҹҵ֮һƺ첼ͼСֱֻۣǽͬ֡
ݡ
ʼʱһûʲô˼ʱһЦ˵һСһ㣬˹۵鷳ˡ


586 
˵һûзӦ͵͵С˵С㣬˵ɶأ˼ҽɶָɶϵ

Сһۣ˵˵أϹʱڵĸϵ죬ӡӦж·ˡŮ洣û
ҵȻˣٲɵ
ǽзãлݣѽ
һӦҵʱˣû˵ͳ˹ȥС㡢ͶƺҲͶŭˣҲûңҾ˹ȥ
ߵǵſһ¾ƺûţŻҳ˵ʵľչ͹ŶܣȻǰµġ
￴ʱһߣҶû˵סʵιʲô
ȻƳǣ
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˵Ǿһ£ҸϽʵȻأץƻһɹɣ
Ȼô˵ʵҲףɹĻҲˡ
ȻҸͼǾ̾˿ҡͷ˵ͺˣǵáԼƶķȷʵûκεĴǷԤƵĵص֣׼ɱ֮ǰչж˭֪


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жʱһʱǾ˵ߣѾˣǵȫͬǱ׶ᴩ𣬶£ǽ1619֮Ů֣ƺרЩ䵥Ů֣ʱδͬںҹһҡ
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ࣿ˼ǡ
Щ֪ˣϾԷǾ죬ǵʿһǿѧ참һǡ񡱣ְҵ˵ȫͲκεĽŶԣҪһЩѧĶ˵ԵЩɿˡ
ʱͼǾĨһѺ˵ʦ˫ְҵȻЩͻȻˣ۾Ͷ촰˵ɣǻɣǣǽʬ
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˵ʱ˵Ȼͷ⾯Ա749ˣôһЩѧĶ˾ռߣոյһͨԹԼǿװľſ־壬ȻΪʵݶҿġ
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ҽļͷľ֮Ͻ˰˵ʦԶһа취ܰưҲѾϲ㹵ͨˣưԲ˷õĸλʦǾԱݣܽĺܷɹҪй¶ȥС
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ģһǸӣ˽ֻĶʲô
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ЩײĺйĹײĿɲһײĶǺɫģÿһײ϶ǶһöƵʮּܡ
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СһٶȾ㵣ǣͼ֮гֻ޾ɵĴ󹫼֮⣬һԪ󳮣ʮ飬֮⻹ǶʧпԼǮǮ档
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ٶһЦ˵ʵ˹һֻйĻ˵һֻ֣֡

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ǵģֺ˼СĿռڣǻһֻӣռ俪ĵط仯ӣֺٺˣأǸϲ͵
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Сһ̾ҵ찡ô˵ôǷˣ
ô˵ɣӦйһϻбףҪֶ۾ҪǩһݲڵԼԼ꽻Է
ҵ˵ͷָһġֳ˵Ҳһֻô˵ϣ
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ԣ֮ԺǩԼ꣬Ϊ˱
СٶףЦЦ˵ǵģˣͬҲ֣ǲ⵽಻ƵĶԴġʵû뵽͵ǵĲǸҲ̫ûֳԭ˰ɣԲĺܱǸ
˵ʱѾԥؽǵĲﶼȡ˻ǣָָ˹˵㰡㣬̫ʧˣ˹Ůʿ㲻ǵѵǸ𣿡
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СЦƺҲһǳЦ˵ʵںܱǸҵǸ⡣
ҸϽֽ֣˵ʶһ°ɣСǺãһ׶ص񸸣ͬʱҲһħʦҵֽϣ٣Ҳҵĺʦһҡϲ١
ԴǾֹƣСҲж˽ģǸԽһԼ֮Ϥ
һ֮ǲ֪ԭһλϲ˵ħʦͬʱְش
֪ǵ֮ϣٸǣʵͬҲкܶһ縺šаػʿЩ˲ǵʿΪħʦħˣǵͬǵħһͷףÿӦԸʽħ֣Ϊİ׳ԼһƬ΢
ֻħ߿ɲͬû̫ϵֱ𣬸ûкܶ컨׹ĵħϣٵ˵ħʦУ󲿷ֲЩͨ˶ѣЩΪͥ⵽аħֺ·ЩΪϲִ̼һУַ֮ͨĥԼѧϰħ뷽Ӷɾ˽ħ硣
ϣٱһܣС۶ˣԼЩˣԭֻйҲôʡ
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ʱƺڴб޸ɵĵˣһ˵ϣһλӢħʦ˾ͳؽϣϣ񸸱ǵˣһĹʺܸߣҲûƴǣӦµæϢ֮Ҫ뿪ҲӦ
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˵ŻʬĿڴһָע⵽ʬĿڴȻȥһֳʬ巽һҲע⵽ǹײ˰һʬ֮⣬Ա߻ɢźܶͷĴ⡣
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˵ָŹײЩ˵ЩΪ˲ЩѪǲѾĻǾͻΪܲͷζӹײӳ
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˵ؿڻ˸ʮּܣϵص

˺ܾã־ȻԽԽͶԵȫûʱĵ⣬һֱĵϣó˶Ͱһ̽ħ֮Ĳ죬ԼʬѪ
ʱҸǳԽϤ
ϣһͣ˷õſڣ֮ǰǵľԱ


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ڳģǰҳӵˣѾһϣ֮⣬ԼλĦޡ
һ䳰ȷ֮󣬳ͷֳ˵λͿˣҪҪϣ񸸣λúð֡
⻰ڣһΣĦ޵ûκεı仯Ϊһֱߡ
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˼ǣַ治׼˰æ
ʻһڣΪѵص˵ͷ̾˿˵ʵҲЩԲסλǣʵȲѣѾ̫֣Ļң߲¶ҪͷߣˣλԷģȻַ治κϵԮɾ룬쵼ѾθλʦĽ𱨳ꡭ
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ĻôҶһ£˵ģǰʧܵǴжΪ֣Թϵ˵ع¶ԺæΪֵĿԶ׼ʮŮһʱǸ֪ȥĶҸŮ
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εص˵ͷ
ﰵ룬˵ù¶ԺĺΪնȷʵ̫˵ˣնϾõķȻĻûĿֺܿԼѰĿ꣬ôô׼ȷúõȦȥأ
ûնȷʵЩѰˡ
ʱͻȻִһԴ
նҪģٴ޹֣ҵиѡ
˵ʱҶ˹ȥͻȻ˶㡣
ʱסָԼıӾ磬㣬òҡ
΢΢һЦĬĬס

ʮһ룬Ѿ˶ĿȺ˺ҹܻµسǡ
˾ַԼԼڵ֮⣬оǰСĸûв룬Ϊ鲻ã͹ƵˣĶ˼ȥץʬ
һ·ϣͼɫһһ׵ģҲ֪ŵãʮ߰꣬ȻƵǰߵնȷʵЩˡ
ͣʵǵҲģò˶ãҪǰéɽʽΪéɽ֮ˣʱΣտܱڵ״ҪΣʮһٱһֱųųģԺӦԸֲΣأ
Ƕһĥ
س֮ͷ·ߵСͬ³ʼָ̾ʾڽֵܱ߲
ʮʱѸλڰﶡһ֮󣬶㻻׼õĸУսս·ȥ
趨õĽɫڵĶѾéɽˣһΪͼҳߵܼ򵥣ֻҪڽֵϿ޾Ϳԣ޵ԽԽãΪǰѡжλãһ̣ס࣬Ҳ˼޹
Ȼ£Ƕ㵹Ҳʮʮֿʼ·ϿޣһޣͿ˿һСʱɤӶѾˣɻǲͣĵضڵ·ԸλŶҶһ£ֱֻĿһ¡
ѾһˣѾ֮ǰʱ䣬ҲЩżѲֽ֣
ȻʱȻһɳɳؽŲӽֽǴֵžǽŲ쳣һŲǸǶѾס˺ô·ϿɲʲôˣȻʮþѾ¶档
һ뵽ֲһתһ룬ôоЩԾأ
ʬĻǽӲģ㲻Ǳıģ·ҲԵýӲŤģǽŲȴ쳣죬ѵ˵˲֣˵ֲǽʬ
ɻʱŻ谵·ƹͼһɫ޷ëñӺΧѾ˫ֲſڴ˹ȻĶͺûκεĲ𣬶ӽ·ƵµĶʱϸһͼ߱ѣ޽ǵͷȻǻɫġ
˲һԶ׼ǾȻǸˡ


596 
ˣȫעһһ֮ʱ˾Ȼ·ߵĶ޶ãǴ˹ȥ
ٶһ㶣Ѳֲ
ôţȴմӶ߹ͻȻӦ֮ʱ͵һʱŶ˹ȥ
ȻһֱڵͷװޣȻ۾Ҳһֱ˵ϣͻȻһŵöϸϽվɻûأѾԷһ߬ס˼
ת˲֮䣬ϵı¶һ죬ʱŶĲҧȥ
ˣ
һӦҸϽһŭ𣬳·Ͼͳ˹ȥһҧԼһеͬʱѾէһ΢ؽ⣬ȻڵһƷ̫ͼѾЧ
һ֣ƺѾʶ˲һ·Ѿ˲ֶʱƿҪܡ
ӵ
ۼ˦ּѴмŷֽһŷֽžһֵĴϣ˲׻䣬۵öʱһҽУһŷҲѾͬһʱֵĶͷϣֵ˲佩ӲסͻȻ˵һ㣬ѾһˣΪһŷɽĶ
ֱסҸϽΧȥʱֻǱסϿʼصɨҸϽʵ㿴ʲôأ
üͷҡҡͷԣǰǼǸְȻҲûֵҼǵҪֺܶŶԡ
֣ôأɸոҪϮ㰡
ҾʵȻҺ˵ĹѾͻȻһѽǱסָ
Ҫ
һɨ仯ҶʱһһҪȥͰĦѾǰžЦģ˵Ǿģ˭ȳʬ˭ӮǶסɲ㰡
ڿɲ˵ʲôʱ㿴־ԲˣǽʬߡʲôƵĶ
һճڣר־ɨֵϣѾһսս˵⣬ôأѪйôѪ
Ѫ
񸸻һڣȫסֻ־˵أѪֶѾ̫ôͻȻܵأѣѵǡ
˵һ룬ͻȻֵһսս˵ԣǿβҹġ
ϣ⻰ڣһʵ񸸣˼ǣֳļѪǸģ
⣬ⲻûпܡ
񸸵ͷйĽʬȣѪ̸ӽ࣬ǵļǳǿΪɱ̫Ѫ͵͵йҪұ𣬵ΪҪʳѪҺԲš
񸸵Ļû˵꣬ʱǵһϵѪͻȻſ˫ۣ͵һ¾ס񸸵Ĳӣͬһʱ䣬ͼѪͷŵĶһԼΪ˷ɻңһȫס
ϣȻҲǴʧɫϽץؿڵʮּܾͳѪϰȥһʱһظʴѪסĵطѾðһ۵Ѫһϣڵѡ
ͻı仯ûǷӦͻȻ䣬ӽֵԵĸ¥֮ѾִӰһ¶棬̳˹
ⶫͬ
һһڣϽͳ׼ӦսȻЩֱó棬ûҿǵӣһֻѾಡһԴֻһҽдѾǺӰ˵һҧס˲ӡ
ʱ򣬵ڶҽҲѾһŭ˻𡪡
磡
ѭͷһ֮ǰסֻѪѾһھҧļϡ
۵һҽУϽ䣬һʱֿʼһͭɫǣܹǿͭƤ˴ȴûܾһһҽдѪѾ͵سĺ
磡磡
һԼĸ类ѪҧȦǰ壬ĦŵùǺžҪܣϧȥûȶѪʹ䣬ҲѾɥѪ֮£ܵİĦûܳԶѾһӿĺӰ͵ذ˵ϣҧ˺
һʱ䣬־ֻʣϣһҵүҲŵáͨһ͹ڵأ˷硣
ϣ٣ϣٿȾңȾң
ʼƴȣȻϣ񸸴ʱֳʮּֿܵһֻѪҵعĶܹ˵
ٿһߣСҲڶİΧһֻѪʱֻѪѾӭڵѾվվĳ˹ȥ
Ҷû˵Ϳ첽ǰۿѪѾסҪҧ˦ּͽչİ˹ȥڿһ˳ĲϣһʱͼѪ͵һҧȥûȴĲӣȴȱӵס
Ϲűȿħʱͼһըɢ۵Ѫһ¾ʹӳϷݺݳ˹ȥ
ӴǣңٿҾͰȵ
Ҳ֪ôͷҾȻô仰֮͵Լ׳ɣۿѪѾһ˦֣Ѿӿڴͳ˼ŷֽۿѪӽץסյһŷֽͼ˳ȥֽƫѪĿУ˲ըһ桭
ҶԽʬʬ˽⣬ЩʬͣһţȻѪԽʬ;ͻڻԽվ᳹ûãһΣҳɵۣѪкܿϨˣûκԤеЧ


597 ľ
ôѵ˵ЩѪѪ̫࣬ʬѾڻˣ
֮ʱ뼤սϣѾŵغСҪöԸйʬķԸѪǲõģǲʬǹ

һ㶣ʱѪѾ˵ҵǰҸϽһ˹ȥѪĶֱƵģҵɨϣѾ˹ȥƼըû취׼
һСǱߵսȻ˶࣬ȻҲֹ۶١
ȻѾվˣһƷ̫ͼԼĿǰյƤëæﲻϣСȻлԪɡЧһ򶼴򲻵Էٿ˵Ҳǰ͵ģһ׻Щʣһˡ
԰ĿǰĹһ׻ضըһҵ׵磬һħûֱը飬ҲΪԶжˡ
ЩѪƺȴһף䣬һת۵Ĺ׻ѾѪ壬ը׻ȴСÿȫͲʹ
ѵ˵ǵŵħ֮ЩѪûЧ
һϣ񸸣߸ʽ컨׹ԸѪķɾԵʵĶˣҪôԲϴŵʮֵּܵѪĹҪô׶ӲϵѪϴ̣ǱϾǶ޷ЩѪ˵ƽƽˡ
һʱ޲ߣҸϽϣ񸸾񸸣ЩѪӦôԸ
ʱһмֻѪĹһ߳ҺҲûʲô̫õķǰҶԸЩ׷ǣʱ䶼ǰ˯ʱ֣һӶԸֻҲûԹ
һ˵Żϣ񸸿ʼһ߳߿£ϵͳһͷ˦һȸѾŵɫ԰׵ĳϣֺүģҵĹҲµģ
ϣ˵Ѫйٺ಻ͬͷζһͷȻֻѪһˣԶԶġ
Ƕ˹
ʱֻϣһ𣬰Ǽ˸ϽЩʬľ֮±ߴˣܿԳΪΧһţϣֺλ鷳ʱסЩħĹҪһʱ䡭
ճڣͼϣѾڵأ˫ֽ汧ȭȻͷϵص
ȰľҮջҵĸʮּϵһеĴʮּʥѪϴһеʹҳΪʥ࣬ʹ覴á
ϣ񸸱۵ʱæ˰СˣֻѪƵƵǷҵعƣǱΧм䣬޿ˡ
񸸣Ѿڰϵۣݰǵʴأٲæۿɾˣ
һŭ𣬿ȴȫûңڼ桪
ԳΪѪ֮ԶħͷЩһū۵ˣԸıѪʤԸʢʤԸʥԴܣΪǳȥħһΪ·ǣҮ֮
˵Ҳ֣񸸵ʱһ۵ĹâѾʼ˸
֮ʥ⣬մء
˵䣬ϣͻȻſ˫ۣ˫͵Ļ棬һʱ䣬ǹâѻû۽⳯ΧɢֻѪʱˡ
֮ʥˮϴа
ϣͻȻһ˵Ѿȡһ֧ԹԹװˮ͸Һ壬һõУϣ񸸶ʱǰѪȥ
һʱһһɰԼѪĲҽϱʥˮеĵطѾʼá
ϣץסվֳ׶ͳѪ˹ȥ
Ȼûϣ׶ѪĿڣһֻѪѾŴԱײ˹һͷͽϣײڵء
񸸡
һɸȥֻѪѾץסᳯ˹͵һ½ǵĶײɢͬʱһ߬ס˶Ĳӣݺݰ˱·ϡ
һʱ䣬С˴ʧɫȥҪȶ㣬ֻѪȴͬʱһͲסǵֽš
ۿץסѪѾſ죬ʱһ㣬죡̫ͼ
ҡҡ
ݺסӵĶУһ
ʹ
㣡
ûǳ忪ֻѪǵֻѪѾһҧ˶ϸ۵Ĳӡ
ʱȻһХŭȴԤ׵شӽֱߵĺ֮ͬд˳Ǻ·ֱһʱ䲻ǶסҪһҧѪһ¡
Ƭ֮䣬˵ĿⶼѾŵسǴĺͬ˹ȥȻڵغִͬһֵ춯
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ
ǳƵһѾ©ƹģǣڲȽس
һʱ䣬ҹĻµվ˲һ㣬ɻû˷ӦһȻڵغͬʧˡ
ǰδеĳĬұýģɾʧ˴֮ͻȻಡһ죬һӰѾգ۵Ĺ򣬾ʹڵĺͬд˳ǷӦʱͼӰѾҪҧѪ˵ڵأ׺ݵһҧ¡
ͻһ˲ٶȾ㵣·ƹһͼͻȻɡӰϴ峯Ա۳ͷᣬֱ͸ܳ幬ԱƵġ
Ȼȴע⵽ȻݣֽſȴԵýӲ쳣


598 صʬ
ͻȻ֮仯ʵ̫ˣûǷӦԱڵϵѪѾʹƬ֮䣬ͼͻȻʼѿʼݣƤ壬ͷǵ״ܿͱ¶˳ˮֺѪѾȫһ
ǡԱٶȽֱǰѾֻʣһ߸ʬ
ʱѾӦ˹ⲻˣһֻʬ
ҸһۿⲻһֻʬһֻͷСĽʬ
Ȼѧ࣬ΪȤҲʷ鼮
ٷƶȣڳٹٶƷΪ磬Ʒϲ廨ᣬƷһᣬ۷ֱ󣬾ΪʯףһƷƷצƷƷצƷƷצǰغ󱳽вӣޡ
νӣǹٷǰͼҲǽٷϵĲΪԲΣһͳһ÷Ρ
ٷ棬Ҫһ˿Ŵɵĳ飬ӡԼΪƽдձԼΪʯд
֮ٹٳ鰴Ʒλвͬ
һ⽩ʬϵĹٷñ廨ᣬ˵ƷϣצһƷ֮䣻ٿӣΪԭβ֮Уһ󳼣һǰŵһ˿ų飬ϸһɫд⣬ѵ˵⽩ʬǰ
Ǹү
һ֮֮ϵԺݣô˽ʬ
Ҿ֮ʣʣµֻѪѾǹԱʬȥʬֱ˫͵һΣʱֻѪõ˳ȥ⵹Щ֪ûˣ⽩ʬʲô·ΪʲôҪأ
ֻһԥĹǽʬͻȻһתͳڵԵĶ˹ȥ
㾪δŵõһҽУϽ̫ͼԼ
һڣǽʬѾóɺɫѾ˵˶ǰûֳ棬Ķ˵ʩչ̫ͼŵõһ˲ͱ˹ȥ
ûڵϣǽʬȴѾһ¿˼ۿֻѪѾצǽʬͻȻżһ㣬ᡱһѾһʹܵ˵ĶϣǰһֱһʮԶʱѾʧҹĻ֮С
ٿֻѪȻѾȫעͻȻһŵʬϣŵܿ˷Ƕɵüֱ͸ڻһҲѾ׷ʬټܿʧˡ
ҴӾ֮зӦʱʬѪѾˣͷһɨ˱ǽʬѾɵѪ֮⣬ԼǰĦ޵ʬ廹ڵϣҲڲԶɪɪȻŻˡ
⡭⵽ô£
ƺֻңСҲѾȫסȻʱͼϣ񸸿첽ŵ˵Ǹû뵽ΪҵĹϵǴô鷳ЩѪп׷ҶģǷģҾԲ۴ҵģһԼԣе
񸸣ڿɲ˵Щʱ򡣡
̾˿˵ܾЩԾǼѪ׷ģпԭϾɱôͬ飬ֻʬ
ǸҾĲ֪ˣ
һἰǽʬ񸸸ϽҡͷԵ˵ҵһй֮ǰڵĹҸûֽʬҸͲʶ
ģûй㣬ֻǺ֣ΪʲôͻȻðһֻ峯ٷĽʬΪʲô⼸ֻѪһָ֣Ҫץ߶㣿ѵʲôǻûϵ
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һһ˵꣬شϸ룬ոǽʬڶǰѾŵȫҶˣҪ˺ĻֻҪһʱضҧ϶ĲӣȴûУûֱҧ㣬ȴץ
ǰҲֵĵط
ҵ˵ͷϽ˵֮ǱˣȱЩʬ壬ǸϿȥ׷ϲǡ
תҪߣȴסң˵𼱣Ȼзҵ
˵ŻֻѴͳһŵһŵĻֽǻֽ룬滹һͷĶ
ʲôʡ
ҲĽ£ϾǵһβΣյжǰһЩͷһҶٶȣéɽɵ׷ȷλá
һڣСʱһϲϽߴٰ׷٣ȴҡҡͷ֪ʱʼѾˮ
СǱҪȣҪһ⣬ҪҪϵ֧Ԯ
֧Ԯ֧Ԯ˻ü˵ͱǽʬˣ
Ҿʵҿɴûм¹ôˣ
ҡ
üͷһ˼ͻȻ̾˿˵˵öԣȾȶҪ·ٸ˵ɡ
˵Ż¿ʼʩչéɽ׷Ĺ򣬾ͼһѽϣ˹ȥսս˵̫ˣͱ񸸣㱣뿪
⡭
һڣ񸸶ʱԥһ£ԱЦһ˵֪ˣ㿴Աߵ࣬ǸĦޣȻðӵĵƭˣվﲻأȴǣΪҪңڻĺúõġ
˵ˡ˵ˡ
ŵɫˡ
ŰĿյҸоִ绰˰СҲϽ绰үڵĻػ㱨һĿǰûõĹ򣬰ѾɹСʱǰ
ڰ֮£Ͻʼ׷˶λǸҪȥͼϣ񸸾˦׷
ҲҲãаħ飬Ҹһȥ


599 ʬ
ϣ٣ʲô˼Ĺ
һϣͻȻǣ˲侪ס
ϣ񸸱бǸʼ磬ʵڶԲ𣬳үҵȻҵĹҸǣһħʦοЩѪֻҲ֪ôԸʵǱǸү
˵껰ϣûת͸˺ҹ֮УɳںǴ󺰴У䣬ǶûڻͷϾǰȫģֻҪȾͺá
ԭʱˣȴֻʣС㡢ϣĸ˱ʬץߵĶԼϵĳ֮⣬༸˶ѾѪļ֮£һʱ֮䣬ҵⶼЩʧ䣬˸׷ǽʬʱҲû˵ˣһ·ĳĬ
δ©ûҿ;УܿͳԭͲسǣɽΧĴ£ûãѾһƬɽ֮С
ҹɽ֣ɭֲΧżĽ֮⣬ֻʣ紵ҷɳɳʱһ·Ĭİڿ˿ڡ
СС㣬˵ҿֻ֪ʬŲţ
֪С㡢ϣһ⻰ס
Ѿص˵ͷ˵һ·˺ܶ࣬òԼһ˹ٶȣܡдˡ
⻰ʲô˼ǽʬʲôҸϽʵ
һʣ˹ͼˮ΢üͷһࡣ
֪û˵ʱëСһλ޵С
һڣҶѾס
ޣ޵У
û޵УëСһħΨһľѪȴʼ޷շ
˵Ǿ͸оΧѾţٶȿڣֻ˵֡


ֻ֣һ㶣ûʲô̫ķӦСѾ˲䵹һѾͣס·ˡ
磬㣬㲻ڿЦɣô
С㣬ʲôʱҿЦ
üͷϸ۲ֻʬٶȺܿ죬쵽ӺͬǾȻ壻Ҳܴ󣬴һצܲѴ֮ذһֻѪһ¾ͽֻȫѪɳȥٶȣ˭ϸϵֳүһ˭
˵ʱٶһ㶣æ־ʵ˵˭ôСҲ֪ѵΨҺϣ񸸲֪𣿡
һ꣬Сʵǲ֪ҲпԭʮּѾ˵ˣʮǰʱ˵ħеĳɲ͡
Сһ˵ҸϽʣôһ˵ѲҲʲôǧޣ
ǽʬʬ
ʬֳڣҺϣ񸸶ס
ֻСֳʮǰħ缸û˲֪ʬ֣éɽӣΪéɽš׻ʦëСԴʱʼ׷ֻʬһֱ˶ʮʱ䣬ϰٴԡѪ棬ëȴûɱ
⣬ôΪʲôǰûëСҾʵ
ëСȻᣬһ˰̣𣿡
һһ˵˵ڹɥ࣬Ͼ︮л˼䣬ܶħˣ˵޳ɴˣ޳ɽʬȷʵ򵥣ʧôֱ꣬Сһĵʿ£ҪҲйء
һǰߣһ渵ĺ޲öᵽɤˡ
ݰ˵ʬǰ¾ϣѾŵֱˡ
¾ޣǿǻʼʽ壬ʵһ
Ȼ͸˵ݴ˵峯ۡ¾ǵ׵ܵܣպ
䣬̫ƽʵϰӿܶ෴帴ڰƷָͳΣΪʱسõһɾͳΪЩ˵жд̣һ죬һȺš帴ŵĺҹɱȫʮˣɱϲĶӣɱ֮Թ죬ߵ֮ԩ겻ɢΪʬӴ˵Ϊ˼䣬к顣
֮ļУħĸֶΪΪĿĴ׷ɱȴûܽײޱȣ˲Żˡʬĳƺš
䵱éɽڣÿһ˼λ֮ԽʬΪжҪΪ˼ȥ󻼣Ҳˣλ˶ǲ֣֮ҲëС֮ǰһéɽšҲëСʦĩꡢ׵ëСע֮£С
һֱëСһ׻ʦ̳ǰǵ־ͬҲʼΪĿչɱ
ݴ˵ӶʮʱʼëСֲٴΣܶζռϷ磬ʼ޷׻ܣһһֱɽʱéɽѵǰһ꣬ͻȻʧ٣Ӵ䡭
˵ʱͻȻ̾˿ֽüͷ˵ʵǶڽʬļ䣬ԴһЩеĴ˵޵ļأԭ˶Ϊ϶Ѿˣû뵽ھȻֻ֡
Ҹ̲סսսʵ⽩ʬʬħ˭أ
ʵûʲôɱԣҪʲôȽˡ


600 Ţ
һ֮󣬰˵ʬħΪʬ֮ʬҪǲʵ˵ˣֻٻһЩʬ»ҰԼĵ͵ʬѣٸһЩĽʬԼ;Ʋˣٻʬ֮⣬Ĺʵߣǽʬ෴
෴˼ǡʡ
˵˵еĽʬǸ¶Ϊ䱻Ϊȴûκε±䣬Ƕ֮ڲ֮أȫʵ߾һ㲻ҲѾʶˣԶһĽʬҪǿ̫ˡ
˵⻰ֳĬһ£˵ʬץ߶㣬ȻǼ˹׷٣ǺܲһҪӱСġ
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˵һû֣ôһ˵ϸһ뻹ǣȷʵЩѪû˿ҪȻĻ֮ǰֽӽʱҲܿ˻ˡ
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һʱŵϣȣԽƺȥٶȾԽ졭


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ԭԭҲĹ
ձһʧķӡ֮Ӳġ
ϣһЦ˵Щһֱصˣеԭ򣬳Ѽڡǡ֮⣬оѧϰһЩزͬħ֮ӡҴձջ񡭡
˵䣬ϣЦǰһʮּܣĿɨһֱҺС㱳ֻѪʩ£ȷԼŮɣܹ뿪ǡ
ϣٻֻѪһ˵ǣߣѾź˼̳ҶԸڿԴˡ
˵ŻϣٿЦųȥֻѪ̽Ѿſڵ̧˶ȥ


606 
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˵ŻһʹȥаȺݺѪԴ

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̾˿˵ҪڵĻѾô黹ܵãûڣܲСñŰɣֲǹ

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˵ɻ󣬿ɱϾҲû취ˣǻֻӲͷƤǰߣ˲֮󣬾ͼСѾ˾ͷСͻȻԱߵеϨˡ
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㻰δ䣬סһצѾ˲˶ؿ֮Уʱֻ㵹һһȻֹ
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ʱ򣬾ͼͻȻ̧һ߬סѪܵצӣٶȿڣ˵Ѿ
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û䣬һȻ̱أҺСĶ˵ǾеĻҪϽסǰһѾѪȫһƬ
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һϢҺС㶼ѾŵֶҸæ˺ϵ·Ȱס˿ڣսŵĲϰؿϣûõĹѾӿѪ͸
𣬱ҡ
ΡΡ˵С硭СС㡭ܡ졭ܰ
ɵѾͷ˵ʲôأҪ˵ˣͦסͦס
ܣʲôʲô棬ֻϿ콫ӹŹ
СŵذﶡʱͼѪȴһֱԭأʱʱһ£ԭ񱩷ŭı飬ʱ˿ѻΪ˱˺ľɡ
һ֣ͣǸڷ̨ŭ㻹ԥʲôɱǣɱǣѵ˵Ļ𣿸ɱǣ
ӷŭغУٶѪܵ˫̧֣ͷݺݵصһۣȴӦս
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ֻ촫ŰءѾ鵲·ǽһͷײ÷飬צؾǡ
ǿҵس˲䴫СѾȫϾ˼˼
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һԣСϽѭǻײķ˹ȥ˲ʧɫ
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һٶСʱһǵȻףڱǣΪǵסǻɣΪʲôô
һ󲻽֮ҺС㲻Լͬ˻еĶ㣬ѵ˵Ϊ˶㣿
һʬȻΪһŮ̫ܲˡ
ۿŻͬһεǽһǵǰɳ۶ı£ڵλȻѾ濾ÿʼѾΪȫĵط
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ҵŭʱеĻҲѾƺѽɢСŵֳһƾɵѾ׵׵ıסҲѾյĿȫǡ
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һ仯ֻڷ̨ϵϣپĿ࣬Ǿ̲ס˵ۣȻҲǿݡ
˭뵽ʱȴͻȻ͵ǰһȼյĻİȻһǾǰ
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ۿѷسǾ˹ȻҲţҺСר־Ϊ˿ڵͬʱѾȫվͳһսߣϱ仯־ԡַӡǾչս
˼ӽʬϣֱǰδţͼѾյĿȫǵϴǾԸʱٳ׶ǾһҴ̣һʱ䣬ѹסǾ͹


615 ʬŭ
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ŭɶϣһۣͻȻ䵥ϥأ泯Ŷڵķֺݺһĵ棬ţͼڵĵ濪ʼ𽥵طȻձʦĽ罫û
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ʱ򣬾ͼѾЦŴӶ˳վǰһ壬Цô쾢û׷ѣ֪ǲĶ֡
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ۿӵĴѾŢ֮ͻȻ䣬һŴ۵ĹâѾӭȥһϽ̧ͷǰȥȻһƷ̫ͼ⻪֮еĶ㣬
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СۣҲ֪ģߵͨ죬Ĭһ£ֺΪûоո㱧ʱ͵͵ҵء

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ʱͻȻԶйΣϽôԸǼ
һСŻȻѣ԰ȻǾѾסɻûء
뵽ǸϽֻʣ¸ͷڶڵľȥͼǾɻƴţƺڳľ޴ѨӳϾѾ棬ʱ˿̸ͶˣʹǾſѪڣʱʼסسԶһһ񱩵ĻŰһ㡭
ȻգǵĻǺܿȼ˲ԶһԸɿݵӲݣ˵ɲУϽֹסĻѱľһɽִ𣬱ϾڿǶ죬һš
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ٺ٣ʲôҪ͸õʥڿ֡


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˵껰ȴڷתһȦ˵ֻûлõĸָı˲٣ƶүһƵġ
תһȦֻصúȲʱѾǰˣżүһ˴ԽӴ˵Ĳ˳߿֮ǺٺһЦ˵ǿǻˣٲĻɾ͵ͷˡ
үһЦҲЦˣֻЦʦҪȻûӪɣ֤׬
ңһ˰ɣ±ߵ鶼ûأĶйϱߵ鰡
үҲû˵˵껰־ǰߣǸϽеĲ豭ȥͼүǴͨ¥¥ݿڡ
һ£˵Ӧôǵ濴زŶ԰ôߣ
Ҳûʣ͸ү˶¥ͼүͣһſŶ룬Ǹշ䣬дױ̨װεúܹӣƺһҡ
ʣү˭ң
˭Ķǡ
ү΢΢һЦ˵Żߵ߰ǽϵĻأмĵ̡ꡱһһţǴȥһһֱͨµĺںӵĹһһĶѾӵ


619 ȫ汸ս
λɣһǵܲ
ү˵䣬ǵѾԼ˿ͼүЦ˽ȥҲϽľȵظ˵
Ҷʱ̲סʵү⣬⵽ʲôݸõģ
һ¥ǽĸ㣬ҽһ¥ĳǽͨһţҴܰΧγһǽڵĿռв㣬һ¥ǿʲôģⷿȴŵ»صΨһͨϢȴһֱûţҹϹ˸µĳΡ
˵ŻǵѾͣٶȴʱ˲ǰһͼǰһֱտȣʮŰȫñĹڽŵæµš
ҳΧһͨҶһʵ壬ͨܲ͸磬ʵʵġ
ǶסسΧүЦǺ˵ҪΪ˷ڵص֣ر͸
˵Ż̧ã˵ܶ壬滹װ˻أ749¿ƼΪ˱ʾκĳרǵġ
һ˵һǰߣ;С칫滹ǿյģûг깤ү˵Ҫ׸ϣٻҪµʱ䣬Ǹ󹤳̣һΣؽȫװʲôͻʱӦԣ˷õͨ⣬ܻͨųеÿһ䣬ϣ׹̻ʲôʵҪأҲٶֱ֯ƵǵıȥһˣС
˵Żү΢ЦýŶ˶棬˵ؿģȻ㻹ڿ֮Уζûг֡
⻰СǸǾȵѾϲ£ˣ˼ǧꡢʶҲһ̾ѽѽöǮ
ʽ⣬ȫԱʲôҪ
үĿǰļƻسͺٿһǧ˵ŶӣͣƺֵͣѵءֳӦоС
ҵѽһǧˡ
Ҿһ£ʣнĻжˣ
ʮ˰ɡү
ֲ︮ܲȫжˣ
ֱԱŶˣүЦʡ
үȫ˼ҲͶˣŪôĻأ᲻е̫˷ˣ
˷ѣȻᣬ˵Ķˣ֮ս֮ͳƵԭԱݣʱǾֻʣôˣԴ֮ս︮һֱŬбѾǽȡ
жˣ
ǰͳݣսħѾʶ׹̵ĴڡԼΣԣǵĸ磬︮ʽעԱа˰ˣɢȫء
ңҵѽ
⻰ǳ׾ס
үȴֻ΢΢һЦԵõȻúܣɨһ۸Ķ˵⻹ʲôûϷɽɢЩءʮǰɽ٣ɽԼ·֧ϵУɽȥɢ䣬ĵĿ֦ɢҶȻʱķɽѾʵǵȴѾײĵĿ֦ɢҶյߺϢȥéɽѾéɽλϵİ£ټһٶéɽӻɽڵȴŵļء
һү⻰ʱŵõһһ˵˵ң
һʱ䣬㾹Ȼֿʼ
ү΢Цŵ˵ͷӣ㲻غ£ʱ︮Լ749ĲŬ£ϵéɽӣѾ˵̳׻ʦ־Ϊéɽŵˣв˶ĽĴܿ죬ǾͻὫ͵éɽȥԴ֮㽫ʽΪéɽɵһʦͳéɽħ˼䡭
ǣĿ𣿡ӵʡ
⻰ûүش𣬰ѾԱһ˵İСѾͷ㵱ȻԣǰѾ֤Լ𣿡
ЦԶůģ̧ͷһҲ΢΢Ц
ʱүЦ˵ۻȱˣ㣬һһҪ͸أ˵éɽɵӵĿߵ
˵үתǰߣǸϽȥү֮һ䣬žͼͣһǰ棬ү̳֮үʾǸȥ
ȥһ˶Ѿɵۡ
ŵǸͬƤǽŵĿտǰһǰģǸװɫҺľ޴ͰͰΧǶŲڣ͸һͼЩɫҺֵ¶һӰϸһ
һǵðǰһսУΪ˱ǣѾǾĻյûƤˣںѾʱһƤƺѾԭ߰˳ɣ࣬ͬһˮĳʬһֱͦͦƯɫҺ֮С
үʬôһʡ
үȴҡҡͷЦ˵ˣɲʲôʬ

ţ˵ǵʰսʱȷʵ״̬ˣ⽩ʬȷʵ鴫ȻӲԼͦ˹ĻָͬѰҲ֪ȻʿָǷǳߵģ˵ȻʿõˣʻָԼȻҪ
˵ŻүߵǶŲԲͰǰֱֳһָ˵ǿǷʱûһƤģڴ󲿷ƤⶼѾԼָ̫˼ˡ


620 
үԽ˵ԽﲻɵһƲ˵үòҲЧ507һΪо幹죬︮չʲôʵɣ
үһ⻰ôЦСӣǷḻ㻹û˵㿴ЩɫӪҺ˰ɣȷʵǳ¹æ507ʵģָø졭
үѲ
˵ﾹЩСתһ룬꽩ʬŰ˼䣬мͻȻʧ˶ʮ꣬˼ǻᱻͿ̿ڰȻĻ᲻Ϊ˼һƽأ
ЩĹүѾ˵ͷ˵ȻˣȻûܾȵȻҪȣ֮ǰĹڰǰǼµıѾϸĿˣȻǰ˽⽫ǵһҪͻƿڣܾãνġǡȻ麣׹̵עԲʲô򵥵ĶǱ뾡ǵʲôС
Ƕ塭
СҲԱԥһ˵壬Ȼѵ˵ͻʵʵİʲôƺ˵ɥʧˡ
үЦͷ˵Ҳ⣬ʬȻǻʬҲһֱõģɾʱԽþͻԽأõĵطøӵļӲҲǽʬӲԭ֮һĺѾñˣԵȻ޷˵
ôһǾҲȫ;
ٶʣүȴҡҡͷЦݵشҲδأǶԽʬ˽⣬һĽʬɲͬһĽʬǳϣԹɢթʬɾȴͬ¾Ϊֵͬܣ֮ʱԹ̫أ˻ǲδ뿪ǣǱڡ
ү˵Ҷʱһʣү˼ǣʵĻǻѾõ֮УǰظͶ̥ת
ûΪʬ˼ô꣬︮Ӳ𣿶ǵֱкܶϡ
үЦҲΪȻǿ׺ݣֲʧǣһĽʬЩԹٿصʬ⣬˵ֻǿѣʬȴ˼ģ԰Լ˼жȫڵĻ
ү˵ƺѾ˼ǵͷӻ˵ˣ뽫ǻǴ֮иһǾͿԴĻǿеõڡǡҪ鱨Բԣ
û
үЦʢʱҲڱĻǿʢ֮ʱʱҲԵ֮ʱѾָòˣǼȻѾҲͿʽʼʩչһƻˡ
ү˵ȴӵʵôõ鱨֮أ
Ȼɱ
ү΢Ц˵⻰һڣ־סҪ˵ʲôȴӵر졣
һ¶ˣүȰ˵ӣ֪ĳãǰǰ֮԰ǣֻΪ˹ͬĵˣ˶ѣֻͬʱԵģʱֻӢħʦϾͻתͷɱǡ
ǡǷǵɱ𣿡ٶʵ
үͷ˵ȻɱɣҲ֪ëСһӣһֱ˳֮Ϊ޵УëСûܽסҲһĽᡢԼéɽɵһź㽫ʽǧéɽ̳֮λܴʬͬУضдá
ɣǡ
㲻ؿˣ
㻨ճڣѾүüϣȻɫЩãЦһ˵һµľ㣬ҲΪá
ͼүתǣ˵֮Ул껽ǵķʵ٣ǿĵéɽɵллĻǴ֮и
ʦ
ԸµǰһȷʵԴëСȥ֮ۼéɽѾû˰Ķ֣ʩȻʲ
үȴҡҡͷЦȱżһ˵ķ»ԶԶ㡭
⣬Ϊʲôʡ
ү칬νϹΪ֮߱ʬĻ֮һֱ⸱õ֮Уȫǵ֮ĽǲбڻǵΧȻ谭ʩΪһʧҪһʩȽϱһ㡭
ˣˣʡ
㣬㣬֡
ү˵Ҳ̹éɽʹ÷Ұǰѳɹʩչһ׷ԼĥӦܰæ֣һֱǱҲڸ·ϣֵ֮éɽлͬʱٻ֮飬ؿһʧ
үأ
ҳסˣæԱظ˵ҲлΪʲô㲻ϣ
Сӣڽħ֮ˣǰΪʹéɽѾܹˣλǲҪð˰ɣ֧Ųס
үûģһܡ
û˵ʲôүѾնҡҡͷ˵ҪǿһҰš
ô˵ˣҲû˵ʲô߸˸ѷġ
ү⻹δɵĻתһȦһѾʱ䣬Űִ档
ߵԷĹǸϵˣүϲϽ˫ǳ
һ㷹֮үٶ֮Χǰ̶˹ȥֻүЦǺ˵ˣҲԹˣǸϿȥҪһҪʳڡǡľ


621 
Ա㣬Ǽ˸үٶ»صʵڣǽʬɫҺ֮Уϸһ֮ǰ˵ĵطкܶϸС˿ʧˡ
Ҳûʱ䣬ү֮£︮ԱѾӦ֮ںãΪǿ̳ԹƷ
׼׵֮󣬰ҧָдɷ䣬Ǯٽ𡢼ֱջֻӶľ̳
ʵѾùлˣԼҲùΣûôӣСԱ߸ңʵԭڵл̳ȵϼصļ׷ǿ
С˵νéɽʵԵķ֮һлҼ׷ҲСң֮ʵڻкܶ෨ѻԼΪ֪˲ȵȣִһʵвͬһͬǣéɽָӼԦΪʩ¡
Сôһ˵һȻͻȻԼһΰյʩչлٻүүʱ龰ԵģĶôûõų̰һһǮ㶨ˡ
ʱ򣬰Ѿеľץһգ˫ֽӡͬʱѾдʡ
Բԡػ̻̣̳ǰ̤죬Իͯɣܻ׽ת
˵ͼڵķ̳֮ǰͻȻ΢һɫͷѾƾէ֡
ֻģ˲䵹һһ룬֮ǰһǰʩչٻ޷ǶЩСӵĹ꣬ǰһʩչ׷ʱЦٳһССƨҶЦأʱһٻǳ˲˵ÿֻװʮ㣬Ȼǹ粻򵥵ѵ˵ǿéɽлʹּ򻯰лڣ
δҲЩ̫˰ɣ
һ룬ͲʵҲӦõģǰʹлǴӻȪֱ֮٣¶棬ֱӴҪҵҵһ;͸㶨ˣһβͬһҪٵĻǱ䣬ֱһ֮ţ벻ˡ
ţֿʼ䡪
붫Ϸ
˵ľ仰ÿһ仰ڣһι⣬ÿһι⣬޵ͻӼһ㡭
һҺţԪհ¾֮ǡὫϣҲҪĸҲҪУ˳ɽ뷣
һڣͻȻͼݵڵأһѪڣֱ
ٶȴǰͭץһͭǮգͭǮһϡﻩڵϣָڵλһٶһŭ𡪡
зҦɣ־ңϷӹ󣬶¹ȣУ󡭡
һ䣬ּ̧䡰žһͺݺһӣͼǰдõѾһڿշ𣬰һΣֱ۴ŷ̡ˢһͳʢƤͰ˹ȥһŽһŵƤͰϡ
һѾվһԲ˫ۺɱžͳƤͰ˹ȥͼһΣѾ֮է֣иеͬ
һŷ䣬ֳָɫͳƤͰϿȥҲˣƷһƤͰϣȻûκ˿ĺۼǴö켤ޱȣÿһдȥǰ̻ᵹɳһɫ̳ıи
ȻӦþү˵ġ֮ˣ֮һֱػͬʱҲסĻǣɢȻ޷Ļٳ
һƺЩϽͷѾ˵Ķʹ˸ɫᣬϽʩչлʹõлȻʹõ㸴ӣǶѧĺһġװ桱ȷʵҲЧ
ǰٻƴƤͰĹ򣬾ͼֻСѾšءһըɢֳ͸ƽʱٻһֻС߰ݲһǺ촽Сѩ׵ˡ
ٿһߣüһһٻ֮лЧˣͻȻͼһСŰ̡ءһ´ӵըֻ̣һֻཱུСѾӵ˳ſʼǶֱ͸СӷǽͷƵģѾˣҿö޲ùȥһţˡ
ڣСӵȻǰǰٻһεǸһСëͷˣٻĶ㶼̲סƲ죬һ
Ķ֪СһɫԣȻֻСһ壬һ˵ʲô̬ȣǲǣҪǻŵĻѽѾ˰ٶˣ㶼ýүүˣôôأ
У˵ˣȥæҪ㽫¾ĻǸץ

ССģֱȭӦһ֮ת͸ٳƤͰײ˹ȥ
ײǸݴʣݳú֪ͣСȻġײ˹ȥǳ̫ûüɲءһ¾һͷײƤͰϣϾͺ
һɲУҲոֵˣʲôòõģҵ뿴ٻʲô


622 ˾
⵹ΪҺôϲ
ֻǰһȻ޷ǵ֮ƣٻȻܰæôҲڶٻλСӣ˵ǸƷ
ҿסˣԳȥͽ̳ϵľץһߣӺһ֮
˵ŻҪϽסңʵСҪ
ʲôȻǰ㰡
һ˵꣬үҲѾ˹ס˵Сʲôʱ㻹˼֣㲻éɽɵˣֲˣһνһǿʩչéɽĻᡭ
ү⻰ö䶼ˣİɣⲻӢʵĺأ˵ˡ
˵Żֳ̧ǰһָͼʮһֻСƴͰץ˺ҧһδ͹ȴһδεֱĻ˿ʮһֻѾ۵ÿҪ֧Ųסˡ
ҲˣǵǲҪٲ֣ɾǰˣү԰ɡ
Сӣǡ
үвУΪ˴밡
ᶨһǰȷʵЩǺүҲûڶ˵ʲôĬĬ˵ͷ֮˵һԣС㵣ĵͶ˹ǽǡ
ȶ̵ģСĵ㣬Ҫȡ
ٺ٣İɡ
ЦЦѧŰ֮ǰľ
ľһ趯Χ˿ﶼסϾʩչһʽǰǼδδţȫǵһοֻһΣҾѾȫסˣĶֺֻ
ҲǸڽħ֮ɣڵӵе츳˸ߡ
Բԡػ̻̣̳ǰ̤죬Իͯɣܻ׽ת
һ˵ͻȻͼ̳֮ǰͻȻ΢һţȻ
˵֮ǰٻסɫͷѾĻùٻһȣֱûκεĿɱԡ
һʱ䣬Χ˶ɵۣԼɵۡ
һͼĴŴѾģͬ
һֻ׽˿ףֶһö⣬һ״ǰ΢΢Ȼûһ˿һЦ⣬ȴҲһ˿һķŭܾ֮мִ飻
ڶֻû⣬ͷһװ˾ңһվǹֱһǽٿĴŴ磬һĺɫϿѴݣ
ֻף߬һѺĸֲ棬ᡢ۽Ӷüëб죬Ũ͸һ˿Ƶĵţ
ֻͷƵиңΪȵڶֻҪһЩðԲϴһ׽ףϿһüľŽľ衢ԭ۳룬ŭ
ֻҸһȥȴ΢Цųҵ˵ͷͼѥۣͷӽüĿʱģһǸҲͻȻֵֻУΨһһûаЦݵġ
һֻ֣ŵ˲䵹һѾȫЩ֪ˣΪֻҶϵãǵڶδֹŹʱλˡǰ̸еλ󽫡
ѽҿˣôǸˣ
ֹŹصʱ˵ʵҸ֪ǵݺ͵λҲûô£ɺүʱĵں棬ҾһòһҪŵԼһƨϡ
һֻϲ룬ƴ͸ϲΪظ˾彫֮٣
ڶֻΪ˹ս򲻵֮£Ϊظ˾彫֮ȷΪʥ
ֻԻݱΪظ˾彫֮󽫣Ϊ񽫾
ֻڣΪظ˾彫֮Ҿ󽫣Ϊ񽫾
˾ˣ˾ְ񣬺䣬˾̿˹˹ģ˾еġĵʥ븻λ൱
УݱӦΪ֪Ϊ˱䴫˵е
ݱλϣŰսףϣ̬䣬ִɫսꫣλұϣһϮɫսۣԵʣֲֻ̽һƣḧԾ޴Ľ۰׻
ɽжйļأ׺֮Уж˷֮ɽдľǧ֦䶫ԻţҲжˣһԻݱһԻݣƺִ֮έʳ
ҾȻҾȻСİظٻˣ
ҾסϾʶĺȳ΢΢һЦ˵ѣû뵽ϱ߼ˣкηԸ
ҲңңĶ̸ʲôԸ
ŵøϽ˰֣Щε˵λֻǰéɽлķٻΪʲôΪʲôǻ֣
˵ȷʵ֣СС˼ʿȻԷٳɻûй鷢ء
˵ŽüͷƺΪٻҲЩãŵһ˵ˣϾֻҿɲǣܵظĹںòײ㻯⣬ǣԺ϶Ҫùˡ
ͼ̵һתЦЦ˵Ҳ޷ѿйҲΪԵʣԲŴɽ˳ɣ֮ǼѾŪкηԸ˵޷
棬𣿡⻰һϲ


623 ʬ
ȻûȺ̻ش𣬿ѴġʥѾŻĿŭĶôϻƨţ
ǺãȻλô˵ˣðֵһæɣ
˵Żٶѧ֮ǰǿ붫Ϸ
˵ƨ
û뵽һһڣǡʥȻѾСӣǵʱǺܱģģٻһʹõģȫЧʲôǰȫȥ
ҲԣҲԡ
ŵóһ亹ϽĿڣһҺţԪհ¾֮ǣὫϣҲҪĸҲҪУ˳ɽ뷣
ͨϡﻩһ˵ڣˣһʱ֮ͼһ֣Ͼǹд󽫣Ȼû֮ǰٻһݵڵأ빰ֺһ
ҸϽ̳ϵͭץһͭǮ˿УѧŰԽָʮһֻΧһָŭ
١ϲ롢ʥĵʥ̡񽫾ݱ񽫾ڡУ󡭡
һһڣʱȿֺسƤͰ˹ȥһӽûȼսأŵǰ浲·һȺڸϽ˵һߣٻֻҲѾ˳˵Աߣͷ̧ˡ
˵ظ˾ȷʵͼ˸ʩչһĹ򣬾Ѿ˳ǵöڣҿһ󼤶̲סһӺáɾʱͻȻ;ԼĿڴ͵شһʹʹǰδУиѾ˲佫ҵʵ÷һ
һʱ䣬ҾһϽһַֻסӣһֻֽץסؿڣһұֵЩԾСϽ˹һѲסҾŵʵȶ̵ģ㣬ôˣ
ûû¡
˵û£ľʹѾ۵վվסˣ˹ˣôͻȻĽʹҿɴûëѵү֮ǰ˵ģ̫ɵɵķɣ
͵һɨүˣͼҶڼعսƺûע⵽ҵ巢ı仯һɫףСŵۺᣬܹȥү
ҸϽסǿźٺһЦ˵ûµģͻȻĿۣѾˡ
⵹ҲƭΪֻ˵ĹǾʹȻѾͻȻʧˣͷ·ûзƵġ
Ҳû̫⣬ٶ²عս˭뵽أĪĪʧľʹȻҪҵһҽħ峾ǧ䡭
ǶǺ󻰣ǰͼ͵һȥǰŰĵ˲䡰һɢֻɢǰעɫҺͰѾһ˸ϡá
һ̶֣ͣ˾̻ͷ΢΢һЦ˵СӣôƴĽһȺֻ²Ϊл꣬ΪƳϵĻɣ
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֮ǰɵӸ˴һܣ׼ȷ˵ӦɵӾȻȥҰ鷳һ١
ִȻΪֻ׺ɵӷ˵׺ԼģԼǰ׺裬ִŰ׺һǰûʲô
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ڶһǾͳϻ˷ãõȫǽ֮󣬵»һʬȻѾװһĵĻͭײ档
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һѾһȻīһŰ裬ϵãǳ
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С˵ʱһֱڡЦҲ֪ʲô⣬Сӻ˵˻û죬硰ޡһ̵˳ȥһкԤףֱӾͷɽʱࡱһˡ
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Сӵʱͱˣû뵽һ;ͳ˹ȥžһǻ쵱ʱˡ
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ʱϸһͼһŨḷ́Űųͷĺϸһ޵ؾͼһ۾Ŀسǵķ

һϽҪȥæûҿˣһֽдͻȻһ˫ۣһӺڷѾõ˳岽һתȻѾڿն˹ǶֱҪʳӥһ㡭
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һѾȷˣǾǳĿƺͲǣΪǽֻ֣úڷ粻ϵطɢǵעֹǰԼȴһֱ׷׷ʹ򡭡
ųڿնʱҸϽϳĿ㣡
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Ѿͷתˣһ߼ѵһĨʵǶ˭˭ˣҪҲа粻˵˵Ƕ³ٴɶ˵ǲǡ
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630 ɫʯ
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۾ŭݣƺûô֣¹žͼһֺȷʵһֱϲҳϣÿһҳԴͯҺǱֿץҶϣʯͷ֮ҲûӲҲΪҾķҺ޲ܱ˴ϱҸ嵽ȥԶԶ͵һֲۣҿأʲôûһôã֮ȴ̶ֻ߼¾뿪ˣ䰮Ҫұŵ׷ɱң˵˻ΪԼңҩկΪѰҩ˵ﶾ˼٣׷ɱȴҩկСǿаռ߳ŭɱȫկˣͯׯ͵˼ͷ˴õܣأ׷ɱҶ˾ͳˣȫׯ˸Ǳɱ˶һ룡ħңΪĴΪҴǱֵģӲأԼ㣬㶥ұɣЩк˶飿гк㳯ҷЩ޹˿ǹһһ
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⸽ڳϵĳ±ʵ֮ԱСͳ˵ûã˵Ǵˣ˭뵽֮ǰûа㷨ĳ񣬾ȻͻȻͱôأ
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һȥˣۿץŵʱ߬ȭͷһŭ𣺡ǹɾĶأ㻹ǲǸˣ컹ְ
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㲻ǺӥɿɿڷûһĹ򣬺ӥķӺڷŰѾڵϴ˼ʮÿһεغͼı˲٣Ȼһαһμء
ܴȴ򲻵ԷǶ߬ȭͷֲǰæһֱǺӥ˵ڵأڿȥˣ̳ϲǳڴԸԣ쵰
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һۣ˵ŻѾӵץʯͷֺУûǲǣӵģӾҲܿԼֵһֱ۸
һ䣬ûǷӦأͼѾ߬ʯͷԼԴȥ
žһѪʱ˳ԴһɵۣϽǱסʯͷòײŰֹǰڵϵȴƴŭ𣺡ҵӣֻҪܸ˵ӵҲֵˣ
ұ죡
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˵ŻѾһվͻȻڰеĺӰһЦ
СӣǱҳа
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ǶԽͨѩף״ľ¹¹ǣȻǽǲִִ󣬶΢΢һ㰵ϸ˺ɫַġ
һʱ˶סҶЩ֪ʱͬ桢ˮݰӶİëԼǶֵĴǾȻʼŶʱҲѾ̲סǰ˼ǺںĶȥֻ뿴һǶоʲô


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ܿͼǹֽԼëȫ˶Ѩ֮У˶ҵſᷢʲôµʱ򣬳ޱͻȻں߳˵ʵ˵ûǡñ𿴡
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žޱ˵֮ǰ˵ҿĶԲܸǣʵ㲻˵ЩҲ֪ΪǶǶ֮ǻǲ֪ĺá
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ޱ죬˵Ĳ֪ôӺ˵𣬱ϾҲӦ˲˵ֻ֮ǣо仰С溦èһȰ⡭ԶҪˡ
ޱĻ˵ò岻ģǴҶסҪٶ׷ʣȴһٺЦӶѨﴫһʱ䣬ҸϽͷȥȴѾشӶȻָԼԭӣֻԲİë
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Ȼ˵ɣǻѾע⵽Ѫϵİë֮¸ԼֳһѺǲΪϹƤëſƵģ־һսʱǼһΣʱסͻȻߣʹ˹Ƥͬһ˺˿
ڿֻƤˣҸϽܵǺںĶǰȥȴûһ
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ŸճڣԼԼؾ͸оǶڴһ͸ĺҲһͻȻֻ֮һһźѾӶзɳ
ۿǺ̿ʼڿ۳ΣһʱҶ³±ٶȷ𹥻ȴû뵽ûõĹֻǺѾڿоۼһСкӣƮڿжڵϵͻȻ΢΢һЦ΢ڵѽû뵽컯׷ɱô꣬ǲ
Ǻǣʲô컯컯ģЩҪҪǣ±ҿɰˣ
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ȷҴˣôҹź㣬ȫǺɱģ˼ܶ౾˼⣬ҺˣԼʵǰұ︮ɱΪԼɱβ˴л㣬Ѿ˫ۣɢǰƣһУöˡ
׾ͺãûУָúȥδӣ
İɣȥĽȻѾ⿪ҲúúõϢһˣ֮ǰҵǻЩԳ˵
˵䣬±תڳޱеĳ˹ȥޱһϣѾſ˫ۡ
˺ҰӵǣסЩӣ˼ײ㲢Ǹƶ֮ˣֻǱɱ˫ۣԸȥʵѣʵԶʵӱܣҲ޷ı䡭°ɣʧȥǵֻһǳޣһǰ飬Ȼ꣬ޣ˽ʹǡݡұɱ˫ɱ˼ǧ꣬񼴱Ѿ͸ȴҲѾˣ㻹ᣬȻǰ֮ͲصޣԼúһɡ
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ų±ȻѾ˷ӡҲĵڶλᣬǱƣһտپ¸ġ
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645 
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646 ɽ
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647 
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ҳںҲʹȷʵɽɵĵȻձ鹥Բߣʵȴǿ
ʱֻ˵˵ƺýһʦأӦʦͬţŮˣȻҪȻö࣬ܶϡŹֵɽƵУΪɽɴӲͽвࡢĹΪҲ˺ҵ㡭ŮˣǰҴ桭
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ôȷһߣȻǸŮˣǾͺýˣξ˳е˵ˣ
˵Żߣ첲Ӿվֳźһָ˵ӣˮսû˱һˣˮͽԸˣʣµ˸ֱӳ嵽ɽկȥǼʮѵܼʮ˶Ƕĸ֣ҾͲƾֵڵ֣Ʋˣ
ȱ嶯嶯ƢҪǴ
Ա߰һۣʱСҲѾڷ˳ͺ˵ǰ¿򵥣ȷʵЩӣûϸļƻǻǲҪðȻжúá
ϸƻ⻹ôƻ
磬¡
緢ƢҸϽڰϾҵĻá
Ҹ˸̣ĵط˵ϸ룬һéɽԪԵ޳ΪʲôͻȻéɽңһͷųéɽɼʮӵǶ޲ܰ鰡ҸղŰҲ˵ˣȻҽΪǴӲɱβɱô࣬϶ʲô飬룬éɽɱ֧︮ţ齨ڱĻ϶ô
㻳׹̸Ĺһ뵽׹̡
Ʋ죬˵׹̵ַô̵˵֮ǰҲɺκҲ⣬ǿɲʲô鶼׹Ǳ룬һֱ׹̲ţ麣λ񡯣ôô׾۵Ŀأο˭֪׹̺麣֮⣬ʲôϲ֮ڴǵ⣬СĲС
˵ָ˵һ㣬磬ѵ㲻𣿰СĻ˵ŰǰһͻȻéɽʼ޽ɽկǰ˳ʼں˷Ϊéɽ㲻ʱøǶӦ𣿰ǰ︮ʼö¼éɽһ顢ʼéɽӵʱ򣬶ǰǶéɽϸһˣר̳ġ
ĿѵǶ㣿
绰һڣҵĿⶼŶ˹ȥ
ҵ˵ͷⲻûпܣȻĻҪéɽأ˵ĿǣȻܹж׼ȷʱ䣬Ҫÿ˵鱨͸ˣбûô׶Ը
˵꣬ͷϽʵС˵ô죿
ҪҲð죬ȻĶǲ۾ġ
˵Żվɨһ֮˵磬һˣ̽һˮկ
ʲôһһڣҶסСϽ˵ȶ̵ģǲԴ¿ˣ㿴壬ʱ򻹲һغôԼȥ
С㣬Ѿȫû¶ˡҺٺЦ˵
⵹ƭôĿǽʹѾȫ͸ûһ
С㣬ľˣұȥϾҿ︮İС˸ȥչǷһ㡭
ͺ磬˵˵ˣȽ߰æ㻹ʲôⲻǹźأˣﻹһֻɽһ֧أǱ˷֣˺ˮһֱӰɽկΪƽصˡ
ǡ⡭
СЩԥˣüͷ˵УҪȥҲȥܲܰɣ
С˵Ҳվһظ԰ҲҪȥֵܣӶȥҰ£
һ⻰Цˡ
С㣬磬ȥٺð£οܵ¼ֱɣȻ˵˵ĵɽƣۿɾ͹һˡο⼱ȷʵøһˣν㶼ȻĻҪϰӳ嶯ȥû¡
⻰һĲСҲ޻˵ˣԼҲֻĬĬ˵ͷ


648 
СȻƢãǰõͦܵģʱ仹е磬ټ϶ûԷ³ǳһӲˣǳٶǸжöˣüһһӵཷ⡣
Ա֮󣬴ʮһ룬ų˳еС·ĨǰϣƹһСɽ֮ûһˮկڵɽǰ͵͵ɽһֻɽկС˵һѾǴҹˣвɽկѲߣر쳣ɭϡ
ʱźһ˵ǸֻرȽɵĵطԴǽȥ
ϾѾһˣǶ࣬Ҳû˳ǽƵɽկĺ棬˫ƽ־롱ӡ˳Ŵǽϴȥ
ǽ֮󣬳ûע⣬ǵľǽɽկһŷݵݶ
һɽկķݴöʮֵļªľġ
ʱ˵ʱ䣬ӦԼȴȥӣ֮ǰ̽ʱѾÿ;ˡ
˵ͷŰŵǰߣһߣһֹ˵ǲǳѿ
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밡úÿŮ˻ܵˣŮĿ϶֡⣬ǸţΪûҪһ˵ģǲǣ
˵ȻЦҡҡͷЦ˵û˵֮һ˾ˡ
˵ŻѾϢشӼķ˹ȥԶһЩǻھְվڣûע⵽ͼıˡ
ûãͼǰ·İѾͣ˽ŲȻʼСſ˷ϣͷǲϽҲ˵ſ£ôҲǸɽ֣һǾͿܱ֣Сһá
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һС֮󣬰ٶͣ£ֳ̧ԼԱߵݶһָüᵽ˵ˡ
ϽȥǾͼ˫ٶȽӡĬĵͬʱ·ݶϣܺһľ忪ʼϢ΢΢ѣûõĹ򣬾ȻԼһ϶˸Ͻչȥһɨ
ɸմս϶һһŰѾһ´ӷ϶˳һΪʹʲôأת˲֮˹ԣǰȺġģˮˮ
ţӷﴫһˮ죬ԼͬǷ϶һһʱȫɵۡ
Ƿ϶·ȻǸԡףͼһ˵Ķʮ߰Ůõ廨ԡĿء
Ů˺Ưپȳƣ͸¶һɳ֮
ȻƯˮеĻ꽫ҪĵطֵصסԼԼܿܶ಻ÿĵطһ˲䣬ˣֻЩΡ
̲ס͵͵һͨ졢˫۷ֱİսʵСǹİɣ
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˼Ϸ˸ڶ¿ǲǣ
ĶǿЦˣһ⻰ˣǱҪжΣϽԴεø˹ƵģͰ˵ңңô⣬أ⣬Ǹ⣬⡭
⣿֮ǰԼ̽һˣԡ׵İλãҿǳĵģ
˵⣬ǸⰡ
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Ծôˣæ˻⡣
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ں練ӦʱһԼ˱ѪŵøϽһס˱ӡ
Աһҧֱ֣磬ǸڻʱûٿƬôѳô
ǣЩǼٵģͷһοֱֳ
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ʧɫûȷӦأѪѾžડһˮУԵһû˵ſ˫ۣͷһһѪõ廨֮ɢ˲ŭ˫ԡױһţʱˮ
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͡һܲˣѪٶֶ¶²סˡ
˭棬ҹ
һŭ𣬰֪Ѿ˷֣ĶҼ͵ŵǱܡ
ǸһתԺѾͻȻһ֪ʲôط˹
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649 
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һȲҪһľͬʱµľҲѣԼȴӷ©ȥ˵ûأҲѾŵһճŷȥ
ȥʱǾҵĽʹһڲͣһ͹˵ϣٿ磬Ҳƽȵˤ˵ذϣΨҲ֪̫˻̫ˣʱһΣûȷӦѾͨһԡһʱˮĽԡ˽һʱ˵ˮоһ𡭡
𡭡
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һڣǴͷ׳̧ͷǰһ˲Ҳסͼԡһš
ȥ
ǿ̧ͷԡȥͼһ죬ʱһŭŵü׳ԶûҿһͷܣŻϡ
Щһߣﵱ̧һߣ޳ȴз߶һšʪİʱԡ﷭˳ͨһˤҺͺߡ
ôĵӣʲôˣ
ûվѾִԡŭվһվ̾;òˣԼû·ֻһ죬û˵Ͻһˣ׻徹Ȼಡһǽ׾ʧˡ
ǴǽһҲ֪ҲûչˣʧĹ򣬰ͺϽҸסôңѾ۵˵ˣҲѾʹľĳ鴤һʱ䣬;ǰת˵ʹˡ
Сͦסͦס
˵ŻϽֿסҵţٶȾһ˵ôôСͦסͦסӣСߣ
˵ĹҸȻûأͻȻಡһһٻӰѾһδǽڵĺܳһΣǸŮѾһ鱡ĺɴɴ͸⣬ȻȽϺ񣬵ɴĶֵ͸һ۶ֱˣûȷӦѪѾһΡۡһµŵúϽסӣˡ
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һʱΣֳֻܿȥһ֣̼вУһת۵ĹѾʮУûʤ
ӽȻҪռϷ磬Ͼ˫ȫֻڳһֻӦԣһֻֻҪ߬ϵĺɴһ֣عˡ
ʵǴʮеĽ־ͲѿѾԼ¶˳
ǰү˵һǸ֣ҲáʦżһҲգЩעĶѾСΪӡ˸ֵӡǣǿȴΪʵսϡ
ٿӦñȰҪϼ꣬ҪǣԺյĴȻǰ׵ģ֪ٸҽУĥһɶõʵս飬ԴݵӦ԰ÿһй
ۿԽԽײʤҽ§ڻĺ粻żΪ㵹ϰظǶӣ
ںУԽսԽ£ȻҲʼʽ·ҽһ棬ﵥӦҲЩˣѱƵ
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ͻȻһ붼ûͻͷſ˹ȥɸһĿƿͼһţѾؿڴĺɴ򿪣һ˲ͼҪһȭİһͬʱѾ׽Ӳס
ûȰӦȻЦһ֣ȻӱһŻֽת־ͳŰ˹ȥ
ǻֽһڰϣϽ˲󳷣Ѿˡ
㱰ɣ
˺֮󣬾ͼŵǱĨһԼϾҲ֪ﵽ׶ԼʲôʱһЦ˵ұɣʲôɱɵģոˣٸ㿴һΣ
㣬㲻֪ܣ
ܣǮ
ƺȫ޹˼ɣһϵĺɴһֻУָѾɵؽŻֽһţͼָһٰڶֽܿͱһֽ˵״ϸһ֫֫ǸСֽޡ
ŪСֽ޵ͬʱֻһֱĬģаȵسһ˵С˧磬ҿ㻹Ķܣ
˵䣬ǰһȭͳŰ˹ȥ
ֵĻȻһȭͷѾ߬סϸ۵СۣȻﻹиֺᣬ°һ
˭뵽һ߬סֱۣԼȴ͵صһϽһңҵ֡
ͷһͼոＡƣƺӹͷ͸һԽԽİɫ
ȴû飬һ˵ǰһ̧־Ͱס˰һֵֻļ򣬰ٶȾ㵣ֱ˲佩Ӳ̧̧ˡ
㣬ʹʲô


650 Ȣ
Ǻǣ㻹ǵӵܣɽĵϵãҲ湻˵ġ
һЦٿһЩΣʱֻ첲ѾױһŽɫסѩ׵ҲȻӲѾʯͷһ
Ʋʱտҵĺһŭ𣺡㻹ɵŸʲôæ
Ŷ
綢ģѾɵˣһŷӳ˹ʱڵϣһĨѪͳ
ǰʱͼΧʼһŵİëͷҲ𽥿ʼɰɫ˫ĵ̹⣬Ȼ¶ǸҰ
һŭĺ磬ȴͻȻһЦԭ֧һû뵽㡭
˵䣬ͻȻһϵĺɴһ˲䣬һ˫޳ϸ۵Ѿźɴķ¶˳׵ֱۡ
һȥת˲֮ۡһѪѾǿžͼһû˵ͨһ¾ڵϳŰֱ°ĭ
ӣ㡭㡭
һˣҧֱʱͼҲѾŶЦúϲ£ˣһ˵ͻȻͷŰ˸ۣЦ˵ôſҵȾεòǲǣΪ˭ô껹װ
㣬㣬㲻֪ܣ
⻰ʱͺˣͷȥҿˣʱҵĲҽѾٶ𣬰ŷӦϽ˹
ССͦס
˵ʱͼҲѾʼӲȻ·Ѿ߲ˣʧɫһ۵Ŀٵϴʱһ亹
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ʹ֮УƺͼԼӰһһشԼȥҲ֪ʵǻþӰÿһΣҵͷͷһΡ
С㣬Ļǡ
Ȼǲǻþʵġ
ģǴʧɫƴȴȫˡ
ʱͼѾΧǺɴɨ˼֮ͻȻһͷŰЦѿҪˡ
Ҳ׼˵
˵ǣɽɵ֮л귨ǧڻֶǱκɶҪ˽⡭
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ﻰһڣʱһ־˵Ծ
ǣȻԣ֮ǰɽɽл귨°Ļǽйǿʱסһ

һȴҡҡͷͷٶȳŰȥͻȻһЦ˵ҾðȢҡ
ﻰһڣһ˲ƿԣĬ˰ŷӳ˹㣬˵ʲôأңôȢ㣿
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ŭʱڱѪѪĺһ˵Ҫ˵ҲˣҪ޼޸ȥһ
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ЦΣվû㿴óףûù񫣬˭ңƫƫҪ㡭
ңûʲôû
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ֻǡŶһ˵ʱѾƵǰǰּ̧ͻȻڰĲһĨͼĲƤҲ͸һɫţͷѾ޷Ťˣ׽ס
ﻹûָ֣ͣڰ˫ƤһĨƤҲһɫĹһ£۾գˡ
ǺǣҾʵ˵˰ɣеɽеŵʯɽҲ⿪ܿͻ᳹ױɻƽ𡭡
Ҳţ˱ɻƽĻôˣ
Ǻǣ˵ƽ𣬸Ļƽɲͬƽ𲻹ʬӲɵѪʯѣƤԽԷƣȻ͸ƽֻ࣬ƽǻȥġ
˵Żֳһɨ˹ЦС˧磬þҸ𸴣ȻĻƶŲ˶ãͻһˣһɻƽġ
˼ƶã˵ˣѾ˵ˣҪϹȥҺӣҲһףûп㡭塭
ûǣǺãҾ㿴ʹ졭
ЦָһѾǺɴظ˿Ű˫ۡ
ٿƤѾױ˽ɫ붯Ҳˣ۶û취ƴһͨȴ;


651 ɽл
Һÿ㻹벻һ
źɴ˵ǰߣۿѾҪʱͣڰĶߴһ˵һˣҪȢңҾ;ѺǲȢңǣҾȥȻԼҲһƽҲ޷ˡ
汰ɡ
л佱
洺ٶȿЦٶǿƶĿ⳯ԼҲע⵽һδӰѾԽԽƺҪȫҵ֮гһĿڵҵĽʹȴûͣϢ𽥼Ӿ磬۵ҷʣֱѣʣȴٱѡ
Ϯľʹ
¶໹ܳӣ汻ǿг룬ɾûκΰ취پȻˡ
ﲻסԱвƭɫһһԽѿڣۿҶҪ۵ˣһҧȢ㣡
˵ģ
һ⻰һѾͽסȴƺֺ㻹ʲô죡Ҫ
ǺǣϹҾˡ
˵ٶȳָֽ̧ҧƣһѪҵĶͷд˵䣬ϵĺɴϵϣֿʼ
ֵģԼԼһͼĻƺڽһǱƵѾԽԽСˣѲа취ҵ
ʱѾٶųɵŸҽ
ﻰһڣһȺѾϻ̳Ͽֵش˽ͷǸҰͷʿģˣһŸϽñֱսսͷ˵ʲôԸ
ȥ׼Ӧ֮Ҫлꡭ
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Ӧһ˵ŻϽɢ˳ûһĹ򣬾ͼٽʱѾСİһѶһŸź첼̳
Щææµµ֪̳ʱֻͷŰЦû뵽Ҳϴ˸ѣȻϴôӢϹȻ壬һҾѣǾ̳ãȻЩ˺飬㿴ô
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΢΢һЦֳֽ̳֮ˣӽûһգžͼѾȫܶİָԭɫǲɫѾһȥ
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ﻰһڣȻֹסؽҪǲɵ֣ͣüͷ˵һԾŶܾСҡԸȢ㡭
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ЦЦһдһ˵ʵͲµ˵һϮ¶棬߳һ˲ţ㻹˭Ǻǣû뵽ξȻ˸һССɽˣҡһ侹Ȼʦŷˣ˼ؿ׬ˡ
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˵Żڵϵɨһۣʱ˿̣Ѿȫˣǵ˵ԵЩģ΢
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ܼӦһæŴ˹ȥѾոдõŻֽݸһ£ҪŷֱҵͷĿڡ֫Լ֮ϡ
֮￪ʼǹܼҲѾ˫ֱŸģë߻ص̳ǰë߷ǰ
һ֮ͻȻľĽë߶ϵߣץһѺ춹ëߵĶץһǮһɰһʼǶһĹѾڶ߰ѾǴøиƵˡ
󣬾ͼóһŷֽƽϣҵ֮ɰѪΪīдŷֽ֮ϣץϵķֽԽָס̨Ļ΢΢һӣֽѾȼֳȼյķֽٶ䡪
̫»꣬һУմ
ͷ߳ͷj⵶ɱˮ
ԩծԩң߶ɣ
̨ǰԷŹ⣬տȥ
ΪΪŮеƶУ
뷾͵ڣ뷾͵ڣ
ſ飬ʹұףͯΣĻ곬ȣҷš
׷һ̫壬ޣ¾£΢ҹ
գǷֽҲѾȼһ룬ǡýҵȫչ⣬һź˵ת־ͽǻȼյķֽۡһҲëߵĶ
һʱ䣬ҵ忪ʼؾҲųĲԼԼͼԼĻ֮ʹţëߵĶ˹ȥ
ʲô
һҵĻǱȫʧɫȴû˵ۿҵĻѾߣѸٽԼִëߵĶ˳Ŷû˵ץڼѪһŷֽԽָѪʪķֽг֮󣬶û˵ëߵĶ
ֽë߶ϵѿץһɰǷֽһ
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ҡҡҡ
Ѿƿԣȫ𾪵ò֪˵ʲôǺˣΪҵ壬ѾԭȫͬҾȻһֻޡ
ʲô㣬õúܣ
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ﻰһڣ̻ͷʵСܻصԭУ
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ǣܲһֱ⡭Ⲽɣ
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ﻰһڣӦһǡСë߾ͳ˷䣬ôȴȫ޲
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ٶ˵Ϊη𣿿ܶܲȥɽɵ䷨ȷʵ̫ˣȻ÷ˮסҵʲôʹվ
֮ǰҪǲѰȳһȸ
̾˿žԹԭұɽл߲޵֮ҵΪвȰͺ綼Ƶķˮסһƾ˵ٸ߾ҲֻԴˡ
ôһ˵Ҳ׹ֲðȻһƾƵˣԭҲѾʹˡ
뵽ҸĵķֻϣСһ˸Ͻǣһ취ˮկԼǵϾǲĻò˶ã͵áơ˰
ȻֻɵȣһȾ͵˰ͷȴȫûһȻҶ̫ˣ»ССǵĺϢأ˭뵽ǻ
һĬֲ뵽һ£һֱĽʹ
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ܼʮģһ̳ڵη˹ȴֻܶĻ̾˿
֮ǰʲô鶼ȷԸܼңȻӦŲŶԣôͻȻҲ֪ʲô¡
ʱǹܼѾͣڵηǰǳźԴһűޱ˵˵︮ˣ¼ëͷСӰħ췭ظ׹̶η֣һЩʧ
ûȻǹܼҽʣéɽŶ㣬ڰȫ𣿡
Һͺ米װûлشĻ
͵һɨǹܼƺЩסˣͻȻת۳Žſɨһۣѹ˵ʵشҵ⣬ҵʱ䲻࣬ˮկ˷ֿɾˡ
һ⻰жʱһųǹܼ˹ȥֺһ˵壬òǻİɣҪĻжδҲ̫ͼһЩɣ
һЦǹܼüͷСĵسΧһ֮ͻȻγһһ˦־ͳ˹
ҸϽ̧סڽһֻڱϵĴ޶ѣֶûУҽӸƨ
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⣬Ҳȫǰ
̾˿ʱɨһ˵ֻܹС̫ûˣȻôؼʱӷ˲
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Ϊʤô
ʻһڣǹ̴ܼʵҲף֮䵽³һСǶɽЩǧٹֵķ˽⣬ҪȻĻһˣҪԸӦǴ´ġʵҲûʲô£ǳԼĺҫѣˮկöԸģԣȳȽ֮éɽӣΧˮկ


654 
ǹܼһһڣҺͺ綼ԥ
Ĭһֳ֮ɨһۣʵΪʲôҪ㣿øһɰɣ
һ⻰Ϲܼüͷһ˵ɣѾǿˣѵõ𣿡
ȷʵ︮Ķٲˣƾһûп֣ƾʲôȫأ
ôһ˵ǹܼҾȻˣҡͷһЦ˵ǲҲգҲûţǸڽҹǰ׶ԴΪʱǻңéɽٴѡ
⻰ʲô˼ѣʲôѣʡ
ʵΧéɽҪΪ˶㣬ѾˣȻûбҪټȥѾҪΪȷ棬éɽéɽȻһٶʿʵβ룬ҲûʲôĸɽϣʱĻéɽذɡ
ǹܼҵĻд𣬳Ĭһ£ҸϽ˵ǣô͸ôŵ˵һǱˣڻ̫ͼ߻һȺֻţûô׵֡
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ұ˵˴Ĵ⣬ССһأûôù
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ⲻܣСôܻǡ
УûҰѻ˵أǹܼѾؿڵǻΪʲôĿ겻ǡéɽéɽ˶㣿ָʹéɽľ׵𡭡
ʲʲô׵ⲻܰɣ׵éɽˡ
éɽˣѾǶʮǰˣ
׵ǹܼ֮Աǣһ˵éɽ׹͵Ϯǰһ꣬׵ʦëСִ˱ɽȥִԭжһΪһéɽŮӣ׵ΥŹ澹Լʦֶ治éɽȻ⻹һ㣬׵éɽʱһֱéɽ֮λȴʼδܵóѣͲסŶëС֣ҪӺԼʦ֡˵ǿȴʮû˱éɽéɽһһľﶼĺ⡭
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Сӣˡ
ǹܼߵ׵öԸɽ֮ڵиʣ޼︮ȥұʮ֮һȻͻȻ뿪ΪԼݣҪ֪ǵȻҲ練ƣһΣҪº֣ŮСѵᱳԼĸף𣿡
ܼ˵꣬Һͺʱƿԣϸһ룬˵ȷʵû
ʱ򣬾ͼǹܼѾû˶һԿף˵ηԿףסǾԲݾߣҹò˶ãͻЩͬץʱǰҵļƻȥа취նɱ
ǹܼ˵һ֣ҸϽǰȥܼһ־ͰҸҵĴһֹҵ˵ͷ
֮ǹܼûٵʱ䣬δⱻ˷ָϽηʱǣҪȥ֪ͨһķ
ǹܼߺֹûʮӣžͻȻִһЦһǾͲµ˿϶ǿŲˡ
ȻûһĹηѾٶȱ˴˿žͼһȺѾǵ˽
Щһ̷࣬󣬾ͼδѾקһ˽Һͺ糯ſһ̾ɵۣȻǹܼҲˣͼӵĺ棬С㡢㡢ˣͰ׺ҲϰýʵʵģΨСûбţһֱͷĬĬ
СȻᣬƭӣ
һŴ˽ץ˾ͶݺһҵС˶ʱϲس˹žȫɵۣΪҵȴǴҵзģ˵һֻϵĴޡ
㣬ǡ
С㣬Ұ
СŵˣҸϽ˵ңСȶ̵Сұǿ취ҳȥ
ȣûþˡ
̾˿ػͷСһۣСѾͷ治ǶϢĹַľˮ󣬰СǶ棬ģӵƢҲùٵսɳɣû뵽ûأǾѾĺŮ˸˹
绰ճڣ͵һžϣһЩأֱͬһǰСͶקסŲڵ¡
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ƾҲҵɵСӻԶأ
ﲻмƳһ磬תͳС˹ȥ


655 һ
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˵ŻѾߵһֱͷСԣһ§СļЦǺ˵۱Щˣǽ֣ˡ
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ǺǣȻǺȽϲȥɫôãֱӰϲ°˶á
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ﻰһڣСͶ޲ͬһʱȻѾ֪ˡ
û˼ǣ˵ĽУ§ŶļͿЦ˳ȥţЩ½Сȫؽη֮Ŷ˳ȥ
һؽηҶ̾˸ϲסش·𶼱ڵӸŵһǺ̲סԱ߿ЦһֵϵĳӣЦ˵ǿϳ˸ϳ˸
ɶʱˣϾûôĴ󣬳ҲȥԻ˵˷ֿ
ȰѰ͵͵ˮկ˵һ飬һᵽĽʹС¶ޱȵĵıһοһ˵һŲȿպǴӷ©ȥԼ΢һѪһæûǵС㡢ȥΧźһͨߣǽһޡ
ʵҲѹִ֧ɽһϹŴ˵޷֣ʵ˴ʧ
СҲֿǵ˵һ顣
ҶŵСľȴǵϢȻﵣģǱϾߵʱлȣĶֻһֱĵĵȡ
ȥȥͻȻ˾Ϳʼоƣʼʱ򣬴һÿ϶̫˶ˣɺԽòԣʶСĹ
С͵͵ľ󷨣ôҶΪԾѾһʱ侹Ȼ޷ҲʱͻȻŶ룬ûʲôͰѼȫס
ﵹҲûżľȻԵõظ˴ǹལ˵ʲô˽һԼδϹ֪˰Ѿ롱顣
С㻹ңСͳӡŵĹײģҲˮկ˸̧˹ڷ˭ֻ֪˵װǽʬ˵һһüǮ
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˵ҸϽ˵ͷ缱æʵС˵ʲôǲѾ˰ӳȥķ
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ҡҡͷ˵ңӡõķˮΪɽشƽ⣬ᾡҵҩȰĵȺʱǧҪһʱ塭
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һ⻰̼ϽץҩƿʼֳĺɫСҩ裬ûԣһΪֻûзˮĶסҲʲȥҾһޡ
ŴҷֳԽҩĹֳŹܼʵܼңôˣûʲô¶ɣ
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ܼҡҡͷЦ˵ʱȥץǣԾȰ廨˴ϣ׼ʽչó֮ٶȻĻưѾ
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ǹܼ˵λ˽ҩһǳȥǼס¹شǱ붼ҵİţǧܳκεĲء
ҸϽ˵ͷǹܼҲ˵ѾˣʵϽˮٻȻҹϮéɽǲ֮ǰֽéɽؽͷ
ڼˣҾʵ
ǹܼ̾˿üͷ˵һʮ֣Ҳ˵ֻʣʮӵʱ䡣
ʮʮӣʮӵʱ乻
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ܼһش˵ιõһʵϣΪкĳħŻһֱڲҵϣǾһ϶ʩʱéɽΪѡ
ĶٶȾʡ
ͲķʲôطҲ֪Ӳ׼κ˽Լķ䣬һˡ
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Ѿ͵͵⿪ӣֻҪ﷢֮ǰҵϣǵļƻɹһ롭
ܼҸ˵ͻȻ洫һ󼤵رˡ
ܼɫһ䣬Ͻ˵ȻѾʼﱸˣû´ĻúûãͻȥιϮéɽʱͰãٴ˵éɽʬݶŮһ˫顭Сδǰ¶ݣһ뿪֮뿪סڰҵ֮ǰһҪɢעðٱץɰǹؼ
ٺ٣ĽǰɣǸƻ֣
˽ҩ֮ͺѾĦȭ


656 
ܼҸһ뿪ηûˣǸϽùܼǰǵԿ׿˳ȥ
ηſںһͼɽկԺһƬŵƽַǷҹЩ˲˯ȻѾ̵ؽɽկó˸ֳǶԼĴ޳ȥ
ЩææµµǸϽźоƻʱȣҪóƵļƻҲûôףԴһ£һηҸһͿʼ壬ЩɽԼȫȥ˵ڷˮĶҲ⿪ˣȻ֣͸һġ
ңȻƻ֮УϾģʲôæﲻˡ
˵һǳȥʹ֣ҳûķȥϣϾҵڷأҲøϽ취ŪС
Ҷ˵ͷ뺰˸һһ߿ηţһȺֱֵܺײžͳ˳ȥ
ɽկæµһʱͶסϽߺΧ˾ͳֵǳ˹ҲûսһηŶ̰ռƻɢΧǽºֱײ˹ȥֻ뽫Щɽɢ
ʱŭݵҲѾӴ˳һһˣʱһ£ȫץ
ǻĺ£˲ưոݣ껰ԼҲ˳С׷˹ȥ
һʱɽկһ󼦷ɹС㡢硢ѾʼԼǽկӡϷˣһƬңҲϽǽµӰУĳ˹ȥ
ϾҵĿȽСټڣ˲ױ֣Ǳƺ˼ھơκһɨ˼ǺȾƺˣҲû󺰴еģָֻһλƵ˵˾䡪
˭Сܵܵˣ
ĶпȥǰûãѾķſڣ⸱ƿһŷ֮ҽȥһ˹ˣû˰
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˵ŻתķҷҲϽæûһĹͰķĳ밡Ӱȫ˸飬ɵͷȴʲôֶûУĳԽԽҲԽԽż˵ôǺã
żʱͻȻһһͷһȻҲͷ󺹵İԭزסŲȵذ塭
أ̲סʵ
ȴûشֻµľذ϶½ţͻȻһü˵ϸǿյġ
˵䣬Ͻͽ߬ȭڵذϺݺһңꡱһذӦϣ滹¶һܵļв
ǼвһץץһӣӴ򿪣һڻͭС¯ĶϽ򿪸һͼ¯ʢĽɫҩ¯ĸһҿǵҩɢһζ
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һʣҲҡҡͷ֪ζô㣬ͦԵĶ
ҪҪ
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һۣҲûİ취ˣֻܴ¯ץ˼ҩԼ
ɻûȵҩȥͻȻžһѾ˴һ߿ҺͰгſһͼǰҺͰǸԱߣ˲ɫŭǺôĵӣ͵ұСϡ
óˡ
һۣû˵ͷߵĴǰܣһϽ׷׷ŭϻңȻҵˣҲҪж˿飡
㲻Ҫ˵ҲŲˣҿ˰ɣ
һ߿Űһ࣬һֱһֱ¯ʹӴ˳ȥźӱߵķһͨ񱼡
ҲһƿڴһȾ׷ʱʱĳһŷڰ㼰ʱһνһεشǷ½
һֵܣʱ˿̶Χ²ףȻЩȻǵˣһĳֶֶ࣬һʱ仹治ô׾ʰ˵ġ
Ҳûʱܴˣֱײͳɽկſŵĺӱȥ
ϻңȻĻɾ͸ˣ
ͱٰ׷ѿˣҲۣͬͬ
¯ǰܣûܼͻȻͼĬųһŷ˫ϥһһʱᡱһѾһһӺ׷ٶȣֱӰѾģˡ
ת˲֮䣬Ѿڰǰͣססȥ·ͬʱ͵һȭͳŰ˹
ڰʱ˲Ȼȴǲرס
ȥǺǣĶôף
һЦʱֳŰĵѾָ˵ûз䣬ҪʽҲѾǴ´࡭
Ȱʹ˸аҲһܸһĹµĻᣡ۵㶼ҵĶ֣ԼЩаĵ͵ϮѣΪһ𣿡
һţɫȴԽѿ
ʼʱʮУȻӦȫκεĳȻʱͻȻһҽдӱһĹѾӱһŻֽŰȥ
Ҫɻûȶ㿪أŵͻȻһȻ


657 Υŵߣ
⣬ҵĵ
һ˲䣬ʧɫûüٵƽ⣬Ѿץǻֽһ˰ϡ
һƺߣɵȥҺ¯Ѿӻзɳ
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ٸһᣬ㵽ȢȢң
ȢԴǼᶨػشʱǽɫѾӵļֱѾȫʯײܶˡ
Ϊʲôڵˣ˵ӦһԾŶŶԣ˵ֻҪҾֵܣȢҵģ㾹Ȼ˵ʱŭݡ
ûлش𣬱ϾǻԼ˵ģȻҲûʲôɽƱ硣
һӣʱһҽҲѴǱɽկڴ˳֮һͷһͼոջ緢ɽկֵǣһȺңȻȫûл֮һ
СѾɡ嵥ϥڵأòȥʱһȺΧڵһȭߣҲ׷õܣΨ翿һܳŵסվ˫ȭѵ֣һĹѾЩ˼ȭ
⣬⵽ô£
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һڣʱʵҩˮĽҩǣ˵ʲôˮɽشΪһҪ⿪ﻹʲôҩ
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⻰Ѿƿԡ
˵ô£ǹܼҷ˵ҩǴķҵİѵ˵ƭǣΪʲôҪƭǣ
Ұ˼֮ʱͼС㡢ѾȺЩ˸ץסס˫۾ȻѾȫû˻ֵĻᣬûãֻһ˹Цųﺰ˶Ѿץסˣƽ£
ǺǣȻƽ£ƾЩ㣬Ҷ
˵ɨ˰һֻۣҲѾ˽ɫһЦʵϾһշްնٸһλôһλˡ㣬㵽ȢȢң·ߣһȢڶ
ѡڶ
ûѻ˵꣬Ѿشû˿ԥ
һ˲䣬ͼԳһִδйľʧ룬Ծ䣬Ѿ۷Ứ
ΪΪʲôҲƯĲã䲻㣿
ֻһѾ߬ס˰½󣬽ҧݺݵ˵͸ʲôֱѾֵܣҪȢҿ׿ڴӦģŵԼµģΥǻ֮صģ
֮أҲֶ񶾵Ů˽顭
ŭݣݺݵǰֺ˵ǸֻǮ˵ǿֻıƲһֱΪ㻹ɾȣʵû뵽ΪԼ棬һŮ˾ȻܺôéɽӣҪéɽҵͬҲԲȢ㣬Բһ˿һĹϵΥŵԸǲǣãѪԯ
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ʱ˿̣¯ı֮УûﷴӦ¯̱˳ȥͬһʱ䣬šءǰһܣߴܹȥͬʱѾһץס¯ͳźӱ߳˹ȥ
⣬ôܡ
һѾɵ־ܣѾҵĵôܶ
ǣ˵ǰʲôûá
һ˵סŰѾҪ嵽ˮߵıӰͻȻ־ǣΪʲô˵ҪéɽҺʱ˵Ҫéɽ֣
ﻰһڣ͵һʱֻͻȻ˦¯ĸӣһͷȻǾž̳Ⱦһ㣬¯ٹͷ
һ¯˽ͷʹͷ̣һٶֹһңԼһȺѺС㡢ȫס
ף硭Ǹ
СһҲѾ˲Ծ
ԭΪҪȫӵȥһûϿˣôԼˣ
ʱֻһӵе¯ͷҲصŭΪʦˣʧһΣЩħаڶ䣬ΥŵԸǲǣã棬ϧ
˵ͼһԾûѾǺˮ֮˹ȥ
Ҫ
˵ˣȻڹϷ˾Ƣ
ͨһĽˮͼѾˮУ󼸺ӵĹԭƽˮͻȻһ㼤زֵһȫʧɫʼֹסسˮоʼƴҪЩ˵øϽȥȰһˮ棬ҲѾȫˡ


658 ֮
ͻȻ֮䣬ͣˮϴءһ죬͵һըľκˣʮ׸ߵ˻ͬӿµ˲䣬һĺӰѾƿˮ
һ¶棬ֻצڿץӻһ͸񻰴˵Լģһģһɽ¹ϸһȴеԾȻȴ˵ЩҪ࣬ӺͷǺںģȻͷȴһԽӲӵǡ
⵽ʲô
֮ʣȴѾѹѾڲԶԣⲻֻ԰
ԣ
һʱֻѾԳ˵ûⲻԡ¼͡мأԣ֣֮Ҳͺβצ޽ǻһǣǱڽ֮ڣ䲻Ƽȴз֮ܣǣǧ
˵ʱҸϸϸϴȴ־ʵⲻ԰˵ԣĽǡ
ֻԣͻС˵ͷϲóǲŶԣȴһǣβҲһޣҲһֱ֡
ͷɨһۣٶȾ˵УʵǰɣԸͲġ
ģǡ
Ե׵ոߵЩҲ׵ԼƳģ֮ԽңΪ
˵ͻȻһϽͷŸո˵˺׵Ķ
׵ովһֱû
⻰ٶһϽʵ㣬˵ʲô׵Ҳéɽλλʮ֮һף
ûεҵġ
üͷ˵ԣмˣֲ˵ʲôéɽ̫죬˲Ը͸¶ݣҪαװɽկĹܼңĵˣ
һ˵⻰СǶѾȵȫ֪˵ʲôˡ
ӳǹܼңǳԽҩҲǹܼңԭ׵ǾȻһֱûз֡
ʱһȻǵ˼·ٳǰһͼѾͷɨƯˮϵİȻΪѸٽӲѾҪˮˡ
ۼΣգٶȾʧһһƴص۳ǶԼϹǲǣ⿪ϵȻģ
ǡΪҲ𡭡
ﾪ˵ҪɽˮЧ̳ѾˣھǣҲͬһ˭ȲˣԼҲ
˵ͻȻһۣſоһŭ𣺡ף쵰ײصȥˣ˵ץΪʲôֻˮȥ
һŭȻڵҹĻȴȫûеõκεĻӦʱ˿ٳǰһͼѾˮеİſѪڣ͵һھͳŰȥ
Ϲ
磡
һʱ䣬ҶŵþʱͼǾѪһţ͵һ¾ˮУ𣬾һ˲䣬ֻƯˮϵİͻȻ˫ƴһżˮʱһ١
ˮһΣײðˮҡҰڣѾھԶĵطһˮʧ١
ʧǸϽڰϾ
û䣬ܵǰϾһţŭ㻹Ѱϵĵ뺦ǲǣ
Ѿ⿪ˣ
սսش˵Ҳҵķˮ⿪˵ͨһ͡
ﻰû˵꣬ŸոƽһСˮѾءһը˿ûȰӦǾѾ·ȻǱˮ͵͵ε˰¡
գۼĹ򣬰ѱˮ߸𣬺ڰӦѸ٣һסָϽקס˫һΣûҧȻִ˳һǾıϣּ̧ץסƬ߬ȭͷݺݾʹ򡭡
취ߣûзɱģ
ＱȦͨ죬һ󾪺С㡢Ҳƴ˻ţȻȴֻõ˰һػӦӵ˱֮Ʊػéɽˣҵ޺
˵䣬ѾʮȭƬϣȻƬȱǰֱѾҳѪ
¶˱֮ģҶĿɿڴͺֿʼƴ
ſǣֵҲҪһ𣡳éɽéɽ
һ߲ͣţһƵƵŭʱͻȻһѾӱ˦ŵøϽžڱǺ죡ȥ׼̳ȥ׼̳
ȻҲѾľݣҪΪǽ⿪Ƿˮķ䡭
ȻûЩתȥɽկӦ֮أͼͻȻ͵һ˦βʱݺݳ˻ûˮеİؿϣһʱֻۡһһѪѡءһˮС

ֵٶ˻ŭ֪ʹƴЩ˵ӳæһߣȴѾȫû⡭
ԴӳЩϿʼûҪֻ㣬ҪôԼɱסéɽҪôԼɱԵ͵ûнӵ³ԵϣҲһʱéɽΣ
ۿˮеİٸʱǾѾͷϷߵסˣͻȻһʹܽˮ
Ϲͦס


659 ƫ
еһ˲䣬˦־ͳŷ䣬һƬϣʱըɫĻȻ;޴˵ȴȻûκεЧ
ƺҲûһֳۣŰһû֮ϵıԽطŭ
һʧɫ
ֳſŭף㵽Ķ˰
ĺûеõκεĻӦۿһγŰϮ˹ȥʧɫû˵ϽȥɻûεߣŰˮѽˮײԭأͼٶſѪڰ㼰ʱѾӹһ١
һȥһȥ
ٶˮʧ٣Ͻε˰ߣһקסקȴƴƿڴǲɵ˵Ҳͳ˹Ѹˣ
ٸ˵ʲôϵ䲻ʲôһʦΪ飬
㣬쵰
õֺ˵ʲôҽ͵ϮéɽҸͲ֪ô£Ҳûй뷨һ׵Ĺ
Сģ
ûﻰ£ͻȻһУճڣ͵һѾĶ˹ȥߵˮ󻬳˼ԶҲѾһŵһշ
һû͸Ҵң
ָŰһŭȻʱԭڵλͻȻ䡰ءһըһˮǾѾִˮ˳Ӽȫڿնɵ˿УԾŵһ㣬һѾſѪڴӿгŰ˹
ߣѳ۱ˣ
ˮһմеķѣצѾץ㲻ৡһ£ˮеͬʱצڰؿϻ˺

һѪȾˮ棬ֻＱˣǶѾʧɫɳһ֮⣬˶ڵסͶá
ҪѰǲǣãȳȥˣҪҾѳ飡
˵ͼĨһϵˮ۾ֳ˹ȥʧɫĴˮߣŭߣ뿪Ŀң㲻ߵĻҲᱻǣġ
ͲߣµҶˣ˦ңΣ
ڰһ֪ĹƻΪˮˮء
ĶôֹۣﳯŰιȥʱˮѾʼزҲ֪ȻǶˮ׵µһֹˡ
ҲҪ㣡ߣ
ߣӽʼǿ鹷Ƥҩճˣ
˵ͻȻͼһˣһѾ§ס˰Ĳӣһҩһס
ʧɫϽƴʱͻȻͼӻͳһѾȫʪ͸ĻֽŰע⣬һѾ˰ϡ
˲һȻͬʱѾǻֽӰץָһʪĻֽ̻Ϊһֽ˵ģ
һ˲䣬סİ嶼ʼ⣬֫ʼٽӲ
ҪôһҪô
ûгڣ˵ͻȻһЦǰһ̽ӣѾһ𡭡
ĳȷ·˲ȾѾˮݵͼһȫ֮ڷӳ˹Ȼڼ뽫ƿҲѾȫˣΪ֫˿̶ѾΪ˽Ļƽ𡭡
ȵ촽ӰĴƿʱΨһֻܶʣ񣬶֮Ǿ㵡
ȴֻ΢΢һЦѳŰϺ죡ȥ
˵ͼͻȻ̧֣һӶʱһˮ
ֱʱǲŷ֣ӱ߶ɿڴ˩ľ׮ϵ΢΢ػζţ¹ϸһ֪ʱԭö˶ľ׮ϵѾקһקˮ˿̸ѾŰע˰䡭
ûȰЩ׹ͻȻһƣͽŰߵķ˹ڰӲĺţߵøԶˣһٺЦչŵϱ㶼ߣҲӱŹ֡
ۿŰһ߿ЦͻȻԵޱȵͻ
ǲǣƫǲǣƫҪ㣡ҪôһҪôҺúõĻȥ
⻰û£Ѿˮըġһڸǣͷٶƿˮ£û㿪ѪѾƷﾪ֮ʸҪѾ͵һڱ죬˲ֻӱе۾һûٶȵͷˮУΡΡغѴڴ
죡ϰ
ĺȺŷӦ˹ϽŰߵĶɿڳȥקסˮӾѿҪ׵İקҲûȻﲻʲôæɻǳȥЩһק
ɾʱŸոˮѾһνӴˮ¶˳Ѿûټȴߵİ׷˹ȻŲô׾ߵʳѵء
ۿƽŵðקӵһȺɢӣסֵٶȾ
ŵûע⣬ͻȻһԲ۾û˵ͳˮȥ
ĸҧֵܣİƤ
ŭѾ嵽ˮϣȻûгȥƺȻʿһͻȻ˫ˮϲȵážžֱ죬ˮĦһ㣬ӭצȥ


660 
̤ɣһʱ䰶ϵȫɵۣ֮󣬺ҲСɵƴһ˵Ŀɵһ˾˹ȥһ߿ŭžβˮ棬һƺڶѾָһͷתۼĹѾ˸굽£Ѹոջ˸һ
ס
ۿҪһҧϣּӿٶȣ͸׳Ƶǰһ񱼣˦ñˮĽٶٿվǿ첻ûǰѪѾŰһҧȥ
˭뵽ڰӲӵһҧ˿𣬷һ¾ͱĻƽϽһҽС
ʱѾһӰϿ˹ȥ͵һ˾˵ϣ˫˫סͬʱҧ
ϲҧǲǣҲҧҧԣ
һȥĻƬꡱһѳɺü飬۵øƴ˻绹ҧǲ죬Ѫ˳˿µӿûһĹѾȾ塭
ʱҲӳ˹ʱſѪڣһҵ͵һھͳĺҧȥĶô࣬ۿļݾҪк󱳣ǲ졭
ʱͻȻಡһһӰѾһԼ֫һţȻ彫ŵס϶ϲˡ
ϸһѾٶȻΪ֧ĺĿðĹ⣬ǱŸնղϣֻƴҡͷ뽫˦ȥȻҲѾ첻ˡ
ССҲڰǰ
֧һߣͳغʱӿз
տ˺첻ɣ
˵˫͵һţšꡱһ򢴦һѾױղˣȻѱһϡ
شӾ˳ҲûһշˮһѺˮϴϴϵѪʱһЦ
ģѪζ治Ѿӣ£ͰҴɡ
붼롭
һЦ˫ɫĹͻȻøǿ
ҲѾûˣҹȥȻĹͷһ
˵ͼһĦȭƣҲʾЦźݺ߬߬ȭͷ¶һ־ڱصõ̰ȻʱͻȻͼһӰѾм˹ȥû˷ӦѾָİ̧ĶƬһ㣬Ȼֱϡ
ɱ֮Լ
ĿᶨЦоֳһĨڸǵıˡ
δ˵ûѾɵͷϣƺǱոͺĹŵó׾סǶղˣѾҶˣһԼͷֻ޴۾̳Űɨ˹ȥĿ֮һ˿ڵػš
ȴûŶ֣ǾĶͷϱ㵥ϥͻȻ¶һĨ޷ݵĲЦ
֪ոճԵ˭СʱҶϲСߣʮߣ͵͵ʦķɽħû뵽ЩȴͬΪʦܶ˽ɽɽСȣСô꣬ұɽΣ׵ܵһо֮ʦĽ̵ѧɣ֮뿪ʦĺΣһΪѰɱ࣬Ϊ˼һ棬飬ȴѾʦų˸ˡ
˵ʱ֮һƬңȻǿѹԼеŭ𣬵ѾΪŭ
ԭΪлὫ˵ڸбϲΰ룬û뵽ջǱ͡
˵ͻȻ̧ҧԼƣѪ˳ǻδĶͷϣһʴƤ⣬ʹز˲ȴҶ
ʱֻڵʦһż֮ѪħЧҲȫָֻԭҪôɽķˮѽ⣬Ҫôʩ֮룬ӦûΪҽ⿪ɣҲ˵
û䣬ͻȻһͷϣһ˲֮䣬ʱһҽУż֮ѪһͷϵƤ̻Ϊҽҷ
㣬øᡭ
ŰŭһڰŭİѴͷŰ
ڷеİϥĶͷϣƴػζ塢ҽУȴ޷˦ΪֵָѾٽƤﲻš
Ѫ˳Ƶ䣬Ŀ磬ϵƤѾΪҽƮɢǲӣ壬һѪɫĹâѪĹ͸ѪһɫĻ棬Ĺճһ


Ǽתǧص£ڲһ죬սȻ
ʧȥѾʧȥѾģҲѾˡ
յĽ֣ڵҹҹ¸ͣСŮѾʪ͸ˣ˦һֻЬŢĳѪܵģܲ˿ڡ
żסѾɽˡ
һƣǰߣһ߲ͣذοűڱһϢСк
ι㲻˯ס㲻˵Լʲôĵӣʲôڵĵӣѵʦ˶ô𣿿Цˣ
㳰Цʦ
ŮĲϵ٩£Ск΢΢̧ͷŮϴһ¡
ŮͷһɨȥŽۣ̺ٺɵЦ


661 ůů΢Ц
ԸϣΪԼڵݺĿϣû뵽ҾνʦһŵӣҲûϡ֪Ƣǿ̲ܽȰ˵ҵһʱͺ⣬ΣõɽҲΪĿꡭ
˵䣬͵һʹͷϴ׹ˮ˲䣬һһƾʹϡ
ѪٶȽȾءһըһֲûƿǽ׹ĻᣬĽסż֮ѪϻһѪۡ
Ѫ絶䲻ȴƬϸʴһİ̺ۣ˲ָǿ
ͨһˮУ̧ͷסѪۣԾѾ


Ѫۡ
ȻǴ꣬Ȼǳ֣ȻѪۡ
СŮкѵǰУУĽÿǰһĵѪڵϳһѪۡ
ǣ˵ˣٲ˵ﻹΪء
ѪȴЦЦú޼ɵ
ҹģѾûκˣҼһѾų˯ˡ
ΨСŮڲϵغٺɵЦŵ٩˵㻹𲻷㿴ɽɣȫĶôСģ߾Ҳ͸ոճɾиң㶼Ըˣˡ
㡭㲻ҲŵáŵתܡСкſŮϣ˵
УΪ˾òã
СŮʱһƲ˵ҪΪƿСƤȥǮˡ
˵ŻСŮֺһ˵ʵһ˵ʦɱʦǿˣô㣬ʦÿִģƲң˵ұ˵ûϢżһ챾гϢҪ׬öǮÿԺõĴõĴõģҿ˵ûϢ
СŮľǿ˵ŻĿͻȻԱߵĽֽɨ˹ȥֻһۣСŮĿȫסϽӿŲ˵ĽšСкС˹ȥ
ܵ£СŮȰСкС꣬ǰͰͰԵһɫϴ˺һҷ
㣬ڸСкʡ
ȵ֪ˡ
һ֮󣬾ͼСŮͻȻһϲ˹ﻹһֻҧһڵĸͷ
ԣһۻûԶء
СŮͷкĻһкʱƲ˵⡭ܳ𣿹ֶ
ߣ֪ʲô㣡
СŮСкһۣͷַŽ˴Уˮһͷʪ˲٣СŮִｫ˻ͷ˵ѽһǵһҳߣôңˡ
㣬Ѿкܶ𣿡
ǵȻˣ
СŮ˵֮ʦֻҪңҾɽңһɽ˻ȥᣬҲϰˡҸ˵ΪСһܺûǲǣʹˣѽüβ˷֮ɽ֮˭ţԽãԽš
˵Żͷ˿еͷѴһкٶ˵Щ˼ҳʣµģ࣬ĳԾͺˣûǮ˭þƺò˵кǰѾˣԣˡ
˵ŻŮԼȶݺͷҧһڣװذ죬Ц˵̫óˣͷռ
СŮԵôСкҲҧһڣϾһһ㶫ûԣѾǰˣƺԹóԵͷóԵʳ
УϣͼСںҹĽֽһ˱ŰͷͿһͨųžЦˡ
ͷ̫ɾµˮһҭˣڵһˮһڣСؤ
СŮԵ̻ʵģСкЦ˵ʦܶСʦ˵ŮһҪעǱҪׯҪ㿴㣬͸ҰƵģԺ˭Ȣѽ
ǣϲܵ𣿡
Ůһ߽ͷһߵСкһۣͻȻһЦ˵˵ˣԺûȢȢҿľˣְɣ
һ⻰СкѾҹ궳÷׵͸һĨ糺죬Ͼʮ꣬Ȼ
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СкӵصͷƲ˵㡭㳤󣬿ɵóƯһȻĻȻĻ
ߣǳﵱȻ᳤˵ˣǳҲȢңΪҾȣ㣡ģ
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СкĨᣬǣ¶һĨЦݣһĨůůЦݡ
Цã󡭡
Ů̧СкıϹһ£Ȼֻһ֮Ѿϡ
ۣСߣֻۡҪһЦ㿴


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һԵͺҲȻʱǻ˽֮ĹȥǹȥʲôģǶԸһԾ
һ˲䣬綼ѾֹһźеİǶ˵ǽˮ׵ЩˮկҲѾ׾ס
éɽɽŰ졢ŵɽĵʿǾԶ֮ں硢Լʮ֮ھͽ˵ǺεȵǿǾԲ󡭡
ʱѾָֻƽˮ֮£ͻȻִͨһˮ죬һ˲䣬˶סϽǷˮķ˹ȥҲѾŵñɫˢˢȭͷ׼ʱӦս
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һϳ۾㵰ǲǣɰǸŲˣΪǸֻء
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˵Ͻˮ˹һ£¶ˮ棬Ѿȫ֪ˡ
ܿ죬ѾεߣϽסƴŰȥٿͺ磬εûżߣһѾͽˮҧۡžһͨ򡭡
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ʱµҲѾ˹ͷǳһ°ͣ󹧹˵λ磬ҲвУ
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Ҫôģ㻹ûƨأûƨۣ˶ҲûƨۣȫҶûƨۡ
һ󼤵ضУͼһߵ۽һϳ壬˴ȦˣһһֱʱѪ硢ҲѾһȺڴˮ׷˹Ȼǻûء
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ˣͷ˲ϻˣҲ·ǰһͳ壬ֱ˾ͳһȺڵĵط˹ҵһֲԣϽֱײһСĽŵѽ
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§еһЦΪΪõʦҽСء
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һڣ˶ʱʧɫһŭ𣺡ô˵
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𽥼ӿתһЦѾӱˮկկŲt̨ϴ
ˣˣʮѪûа׷ѣˡ


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ЦͻȻɽկҲɵضͷѭ˹ȥͼt̨ŸɫɷǵϵʿէһΪүϸһԣȻ֮ǰƭǵǸܼҡ
ҲѾ֪ʵݣéɽɡ׵׻ʦëСͬʦܡ
ףԭڱ
ҵϵʿһŭϵʿһЦ˵ͷ˵ҡҹӶǣһְˮ
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ģͨĵҵҩѣԻɽȴûгЧǵǾûΣġ
׵ٶ䷢Ц󻰷һתѰ̾˿˵ҲǿϧСѾ͵͵ںʮ꣬ȴǸԺ󱾵Ҳÿҩιˣ⵹֤ȷʵûпǣȷʵûйҵ
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һϮҸϽǱ˲ںӱߵ˸ߣ͵һĶʱĵҽУȻ˵һͷڶʱȴδ⣬ûһĹֵǾѾ׷ױͷĵڵء
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ҸϽſںȴûõκεĻӦʱ׵ĿЦѾٶȴ
ܣܶѾˣéɽңңڴѳʱһնɱ飬ѾŭڿԴ˼䡭ҪéɽԴ˻ҷҪŴǧӴ˸׳Ƴ


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ϸһǷֽϵȫéɽ׻ģһ˲ʧɫϽסͳһȥһŭ𣺡뿪ˮ棬׷󷨣
뿪ˮ棿˵ףɸոˮʱѽˮ˰񻹶ûǵĽأˮĶеطܰ
ʱͻȻͼѾͬˮе׵һ䣬һˮ֮Уһŭ𣺡éɽ״󡭡
׵һŭһת̧һΣŵݵ׷Ѿдŷֽ֣ĸͬεĽһ㽫С
գۼĹŷѾĸ䡰ءһȻըŵ𽻼ӵ׷һը׵ȼΧӿƮĻƷֽһʱ֮ͼһ׻𵽴ըֵܼһȺ˱׵֮˲ɵۣûȷӦأΧѾըҽ
Щ䣡Щ䣡
һ߱㣬һ߾Ȼϵķÿϵ׵ȴԶЩݵһˮϣˮ桰һͱסֱһŵĴһȫС
һҽдͼΧֵѾ׻ըòҽˣȻҲˮڴʱ˿岻ԼġһֻСޣûκεĸо

ۿ׻ѾҪϮС£СϽһʹˮ˳šһչǻԪɡɡ˵棬˺ɡ֮С
Χһɡ˵𣬸ϽСɡ󲿷ָûܵСǰѾ׻ըûԣԾص˵ˮ֮С
Ǳéɽס֮ʱ׵Ѿͬѵˮһˮһͨ񱼣ںŤεľ˹ȥһȥʱʧɫϽֳ˺Ҫ׽ӽһʲôı
һҲŷӳ˹һʱĶ˵ʲôˮ׻𽻼ӣոСɡĺһŭ𣬶ʱ˵ˮУ˫һˮʱֿʼһƬƬëͷҲʼ˰ɫ
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£ѾתȥһϮʤѩֱ׵ٿѾߺԭأζβڷӳ˹ͷһЦӵ˵ǡ˼ҳʲô
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ȻҪ׷׵϶׷ˣʱͼѾӡʳָָĴָŽڲȭӡһʱ䣬ͼ׵ǰһͻȻءһըһںعţ׵һϽһ㣬ɸմһȥըһѾ˼ʮֻݹ᾵ع֣·ס
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϶ҧ㣡
һץס׵ֱۣ͵һھҧ˹ȥҲѾ͵һצץ׵ĿڣȻһ˭뵽ˣ׵ȴֳһĨЦ


666 ǹλ
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˵Ż񱼶ȥ׵̧һָŭײһéɽʿǻɵŸʲôҴ򣡡
ôһ˵Ⱥ²˹ԱһǻȻʣ˵ﻹǲ򵥣׵һ˵²Ǯˣñץסѱˡ
һʱ䣬ֻʮ̶ȥһüɫɷȻҲ˸Եѡϲ
ɾʱԱ߲ԶĺڰҹĻ֮ͻȻֳһһ¶棬̶Щеȭиʱʱһ׷Щ˵زһС
С㻹ҪΪŰʲôʱ򣿡
һСȴֻһۣҴûΪŰҰ֣ʲôҶվһ
˵껰СңּȺɱ
ҪСѾͷѣͼСѾͻȻӺҸһ˦֣ͽӽ˶Ļͷ˵㣬տҲҪȥæˡ
С㣡˵˭Ƿ
ҸŭգڶĻһСûңֳźɡѾս֮Уת˲֮ѾСվһ𡭡
Сɲ򵥣˵Ͳ󣬵ȻѾõ˸׵洫ʹֱּСҲ򵥣۵ƲСĶ֣ѻԪɡİҲڳԿһʱС˸ƽ֡
ۿ˶Ѿ֣ˮƴսʶոС˵ġ֣ʲô˼
ǰں͸ﻹʲôֱ𣿸æﲻϡ
һżҸϽڲԶս˵ι㵽״ʲôʱҵĻǴⲼųȥҺôҲõİ︮ܲСһӰɣ
ΪҲ𣿡
һۣƺΪǰս½ҲѾؽ˵Ⱥú룬ҰĻǷųȥϾͻ֮ǰ˵еһֺص䣬֪ǴӺζôƽ⣿
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼ׵ͻȻ׻ըˣųûһת˲Զǰɫϣ˳ƬͿʼ
ҲˣһһȻˣˮгôˣȴȫûҪǵ˼ֻԭ쳤˲ӲסػζΣʧ˻ʬһ
硢ɲУۿ׵Ѿצ֮УĶѧϱİھǰ̾û⣬ϾǣȻҲðȻԷһǼˣƾͷҲܲµԹܵá
ʱֻǰɫצ׵ѾͷǾιʮ꣬㲻ˣҲˣȺɱĻ壬ҪɱңôԹۣһѣֻҪҳǣⵤ֮
˵Żͼ׵ͽŴӻͳһ֮ǰιʳġϡ˦ա
һʱ䣬ͼѾŤԽʱʱͷŭ羪է֣ľ
ƲϽ׵ŭף㵽ˣʲôȻҶǵˣֵǹƽһս
ƽǱǹƽһս۸ǣ
׵Ц˵ˣʮƵѪٲ˷ѣ
׵˵ĹǰɫͻȻһͷŭݡ
ʱ֮عſʼӺˮ֮𣬾һֻֻөһϷȥһӴƬȻͻһƬ϶֮С
һʧɫٿ׵ѾؿЦ
Ѿλǵڵˡ


667 ĪЦéɽɷ
һЦ֮׵ٴצ֮к֮ǰǶ˵ɱͲԣϹԹĻ󾫻겻ɢΪԴһȻųֻعˮСԴʮǰҷʬ˽⵽ڵ࿪ʼһֱѰһֽΪõķҷҵ伮ϧԼѪƳѪΪֻΪѪͨһ֮ԿƣϧʱңʮҶҲһܽķ
Ϊʲôˣʡ
ʵúãǣ
˵Ż׵Ŀȴɨ˹ٶЦ׼ȷ˵Ϊëý֣ϹٿŵԸ
˵ΪССϵԢԣŵĸʵ
׵ЦûһأϾҲ︮дʮְ֮ҲѾףνǹɽϹħʬԹ˼У˯ǧħѣȻҲУˣҲܴԸڽ֮л˻ڵѾع壬ѳΪǿ
׵˵ʱӺˮƮĹ㣬Ѿȫ˫֮Уͼ˫ȻӼҵػζƵƵУΧȺɽ衭
ʱͻȻԶˮϴһӵ춯ѭȥȻһѾˮկķʻ˹
һųһĴӣɣÿһǹӵľʽʵľδϳһ˴죬һġé֡
ǰһÿһĴϣһȺֳַɫĵʿۡ
ڵͷȺǰģͷϵϴųȻɫĵۣиһľʮ㡣
ǰһϵ׷룬ϲƣԹҲ߰ʮģˣһϵ̷ֳָֽצϵ׵ŭʦֶȻڸΪéɽȴкͬţﲻˡ
ʦ壬㻹ѽ˵ôһˣ仹ô£ϽΪأ׵Ц
éɽ·Ҿéɽڽʮ侽ʵԴɽ֮ɽһֱжʮפɽУдͷˣΪéɽϡ˵ǽéɽеλߵλˡ
УĸëСͬʦֵܣһߣëСʦ屲Ȼʮéɽʵȴһֱû뿪éɽһһֱѾĵʥֱա
ͷǰˣӦþǴ˵еéɽˣ׵˵ϵɾëС׵ʦ壬ᵽˡ
˲ʲôŸ֣ݰ˵ƽƽЩ޶ۣʱһֱʦģͬʦֵᣬ˭ûг룬éɽƺŸʱΨ޶֮ȴš񣬴δйһԹԡ
ףϣΪ˶éɽ֮λҪӺԼֳ𡢴㷸ֵܹ˭
ֳֻ׵ŭƾ㵱ΪŹ汾ɱԳ󻼣Ҫʦլʺһ⹷ܲд浽ڣǵĻмȻ˷кͬţҶ㣡
ңʦ壬ǰ˵⻰éɽ˶һ㼸ֱ棬ɽ˵˭˭ˣ
˵׵ͷһͼ˫е׹Խؼ׵һЦʱֳ̧ǼʻéɽһָֺɱȽЩéɽţϵɱ⣡
׵һŭ𣬸ոջʵʵĺڰ˫ʱ˷Ű˫۾ͬһʱ䳯Ǽ˹ȥ׹¶
һʱ䣬ϵĵʿⶼŵЩţƽ˭ûмֳ棬ûǷӦɫѾȳż˹ȥ
éɽȫ󣡡
˵ȸ߸߾еľһʱͼͻȻıΣۿǺѾŰȴѾںӵгһβп󣬾ͼϵĵǷ׷ľ彫һԶһƾ͸֮սϲܲսһ㡣
ţֻʮéɽѾŴͷӿжӳ֮һ£ʮѾˢˢ׻һʱ׹˸ҹоһű׵ŵĴһ㣬˹ĺϷȥת˲֮һͨը
ǺȻһͬһƬһ׻ĺըȻҲǲʹҲըҽ󴬵ٶҲⱻʱеľһΣǽǷʩһŷ£˵һŵӻһųź֮⣬ڶź͵ŵѾֱ˰Ծ͹
ֻڶŴŶʮаԾָֽһŷֽдʣ󽫷ֽԾһԾмλãָһУҹĻ£ͼʮԾѾ¹ǺϣһʱֻٶȴУʱӷҡͷ
ᣬŵĵѾϼмصļ˶Էֽסһ£ѾźȥǺӴû㣬һʱֻһžӺƬϴļںʵϻĲڼͷϵķֽ˲ըһ׻һʱ䣬ǺӶС


668 
ϧǣéɽĹȻңȴѵڵӴۼ׺ʵһ׷Ŀը֮УǺڱ׼ŭһسХβͻȻӺˮл𣬡ءһ˼мλϡ
κȻ𣬱ľһĴ˲ͬһм䱻۶ϵľһһʱҽڴͷϵĵʿʧˮС
˺ò׳ŲдΣһѾˮҽУʱһۺţңһѣͱԹéɽڣ
˵˷ֳֽŭӲڽ෭Ĵͷһŭ𣺡éɽӺڣ
ڣ
ŭû£ͼЩ׹ˮеĵѾᶨشˮ٣éɽеҲѾҡܵ˵һֱָ֣Ǻͷϡ
éɽ
ǣ
һӦᶨһ˲䣬ͼϱĵͻȻʼϳ壬嵽ǰһԾˮ֮ǰˮĵҲʼЩʦֵˮĵطΡ
Ƕһ˵éɽһȺҪ
ûǾѾ˹ͼЩˮĵѾ粢ˮдһֱͨǺĸţһŭ𣬸߾ľһӴԾȥ̤ڵӵĺ󱳣ֱֱǺԶȥ
һҲֳľʣֳָɫźžͳǺ˹ȥ
ɸû˵ǰǺѾַŭشˮ޴βͣéɽɵĸ˦˹ȥһ˦Щéɽӵϣ㲻ҲᱻˮаβҪɾˡ
ۿǾ޴βʹͬһƤһǶ̲סΪéɽһѺٿЩӣȴһĿע޿ֻţһǾ޴βѾӽһˢˢͻȻͼˮдɸŵĵһΣһѾִˮֱ̧˫סòԼϵʦֵܣʦֵǽŲһ˼ֺݺһϣͰǵе˿С
ĵӱʱٽ˵ͷϺݺһȣһ˲̾ͼһӰˢˢڿն𣬾һȺһ㣬éɽϵĴ£ֳŸɫǺɫӭȥ
һڿնʱǺԵβѾӿȻ£ءһž˷֮ǰɸŵĵ̱ĵҽ
ȫˡ
ԴӶʮǰɽ֮Ȼû䡢𼣣éɽڵӸɢֻһʵĿɽ·ϣԭΪéɽۼɽҲһں֮ڶѣм湦أ
Ȼոéɽɵķ𷴻ȴôηĶСᶨԼǰ˲㵵ķȻéɽѾéɽնħľҲѾȼ
һŭϵĴ£һȺéɽѾ׷˵Ǻۼ֮ϣֳַʼϷҵĽ֮ǰɸŵĵҲʾ䱻һβɢĴǵһʱֳ˹ȫκξɫ
éɽϰٵѪƴĳȺ޲Ҳ˹ȥæɾʱȴǰ
ãССģ
ѭһ˲ɵۣͼǰɫҲѾĿ겻硢ǰҲȺСֵˣֱ㶵سŶ㡢ڵλ˹
С죡
һŭȻǾϾ̫죬廹ûǰеͷȴѾѪڳһҧܣĶܵˡ
ûŲһǾѾӿ£ءһͽҧǰһʲôˣΧ˵ĺҲģ
˵ˣ岻Ǹ޶ѣǱ˺Ҳνɶǡ
ұ§ڻв֪ʱͻȻ䣬ڰ֮ȴѾըɢһ΢عâһѭǹâķͳŵȥһ̫ͼŹ⣬ǵĽ£ת
Ƕ㣬ǶΣͷһƷ̫ͼ
̫ͼĹâԽԽǿңӡתٶҲԽؼӿӡǵķԿдһҵҵͻȻ䣬һպݺڵһУ㡢̸оһбͬµһǰһҧ
һҧУһ̧ͷ̾ҪʣŵҽУǲɵһбͳžɤȥڶɢһŽ⽫ǰΧסǰԵĿУǲһӲĹһǱУ԰ʱɤһſǹı£Ǿ˰ԵɤۣһʱҲϲȥҲ²
ǱڰԺͬʱµ̫ͼѾʼʴǾĺһʱһظʴɤﱻ̫ͼӡ±ǵλֱð̣۵ƴŭ
һһΣԸоڽ˳žĺ»ŵõһУǿ취ӳȥңҿŲסˡ
סһҪס
Ҿ㣬éɽѾߣѾéɽôˣֻ̤éɽ
ǡǡġ첻ˡ


669 ͭذ
߾˫ۣ·þȫסĽ⣬ȻǽȴԵ𽥰ҲʼûõĹѾ䤱
죡ǿ취ȥĿ첻ˡ
ԽԼ΢ȻĿҪ֧ˣʱͼһֱھüͷ˵Ҫȥˣ㿴ĺﶼճҺǽˡ
˵ͻȻ˵ȤȥҲ·˳ĳһֱѽѽ𣿡
ʱﻹ˼Цһȷʵ˾壬һԱһЦ˵ûôûڡѾﻯʺˡ
ȷʵе
һ⻰Ȼ򣬸Ͻ˵ͷ̾˿Թ˵ܲһֱɣ
Ļʲô졭
û䣬ĿͻȻǾɤ˹ȥŶ˸Ľ⣬ֵؾͼžԶ·ǾĺƺŸʲô
ǿ쿴ʲô
һͶҲѭָķ˹ȥϸ˼֮һǺһѽ

ôһ˵ϸһ˵һѽھɤӵϣѾȫû˾УΨлֺͽ¶桭
Ϊʲôɤһѽ
һʱ䣬Ҷ̲סɻۿŶ̫ͼԽĶʱϸ밡һͷɨһۣϽʵ㣬㻹ܳŶã
죬첻ˡ
ãȻ۵ֻȫǰѽˣסһʵڳŲסʱ򣬾һ
ҡھͳšŲסˡ
㻰һڣһĽɫ⻪ʱըɢͬĽɫһ㣬˽ŵһգûȷӦѾ˳ž⻬ڿʼ»ˡ
ŵøϽһ춼һ𣬾ץסǰѽ
һһڣϽཫסۿ˻§žͻϲ彣ĵط뽣ּۿһѾͳǽץȥ
Ȼ»ٶ̫ˣټմճҺ̫һץסǽûȰν־Ѿӽֻ
һ˲䣬˵سˣطǵñʺɣȻת˲֮Ĺ򣬾ͼһץʧֵѾֽ§ס˶һֻ߬ҵһ٣ѾҸ߸߾ٹͷ
Сӣˡ
ף
һŭ˵ԼСôãóˡ
뵽ҳǽ͵һ˦ӣĳڽϡৡȦ룬˵Ԥеһͽǽס
Һһ£ԼֲСӿòϺ޻ɵѽҸñӲסǽŮ͵һ׹ҵ壬һʱһһ˲䣬Ķˣ˵¿군ˡ
ȻûǷӦϵĳѾӸһ϶ǽק
Ӵһ˲䣬Ļɸոôһ׹ȴǽǽӾг˼ʱʼ´
һѽ˵һֻʲô;أ
Ļ˳žĺ»ʱͻȻžһž˻Ϳ裬ǽȻԼ֮һʼĶﻬҲֱʱǲſǲһѽһذףͭذס
ذСҲС»ûþ׷ǵĸ߶ȣϽ̧ץסֽǽ§ס֮󣬵߬ذ׵ıݺһ¾˾֮С
ذ׿ƹȴ쳣˳Ǿڡৡһ¾ͻＰʱذһšŤת˲䣬ذֹͣ˼»һŶһԭء
˵ǲ֪ôȥһʱסҲԼͬض˿
ʱͼֵͷŻеĶ˵㣬㻹ܲһ֮ǰס취ӳȥ
ңҲ֪
죬һ˵ҿԡ
˵Żͼ˫üͼٶȷһƷ̫ͼɳٳûгɹֿʼһ޵΢ɹԴ󣬽¸ûٳʲô̫ͼ
ٶȼͷǺ̾˿˵ҿҲΪѶˣԴһƷ̫ͼƺÿֻΣڵϦʱŻ˲俪Ʋˡ
˵ôŬһƷ̫ͼų
˵ҵ˵ͷ⻰ȴû¶κεʧĪһЦ
ǣǻð𣿡
⻰һڣ˭뵽ĺŮ˾ȻһҧѾò׶ϵذְ˳һ뿪ڣֳžڷ»
ѽʲô
һŭ𣬿ûңŶ΢ͼһѾеذ͵һ˶ĺ
˵¿ˣȻ뽫ڵ̫ͼ̫ͼЧֹһΣ˭һҪĺ̫ͼչһ˱Ҫ
̫ͼû㽫̴̫ͼЧɣᡭ
У֣ͣ
ۿŵ붡ĺѾߣѾֹû˵ͳĲϻ˹ȥ


670 ʦү
ҸһסĲӣ͡һת˲֮ذѾûҵĶ
屾һ߲ޣҵȻһ˿ͷذ׵ĵûӵһ˲䣬ȴͻȻһͷۻƺµѾ롭
̫ͼûţ˵Ҳûֹͣ»Ŷ΢ĹâҵͷһذѾûҵĸУƫ͸Ҷϵŷֽ
㣬ʲô
ʱһûȰذװγѾⲼ޵Ķɽķ䣬ֽƵĻĻǾͻᡭ
ûѻ˵꣬΢΢һΣǲ֪Ӻζѣ֮У;Լڽȥ
ңˡ
һػش桭汻ѻ˵ˡ
С磡ôô
ҵ壬ҲѾؽǰѾȻ޴档
Сǲǣ㾹ȻΪ˵ģſԼͷ̫ͼΪʲô㻹Ҫ
ңҲǾǾ㡭
ҳ˵ûʲôܹʱһȥ̫ͼ淢Ļ㣬ͻᱻ̫ͼɣɡһƷ̫ͼۼϲ㣬Ҳҡֵġ
һû˵꣬ǳĸоѾԽǿͻȻ䣬ͼһŹѾʼ˸֮ǰǺԱɱʱӺƯþӨ͸ӫһ㡭
֪꣬ҵꡭˡ
ңǲҪˣ
üͷֻҡҡͷȴû˵ʱҲѹܲʲô׹׹ˣΧ˲Ѿ˶͡ৡ»֮⣬κε
ҵͷԱԽ嶼ʼˣʱ
ûˣҵķƣĻұסˡ
ûûϵֻһ£һҪһҪ취ƽȥéɽţ
ңһġȦ˵ͷ
΢΢һЦɢӫ⣬ǰΪһƬڰٿų΢⣬һ·һ׵Ԩ֮Уܸоڷٵ»

㾹ǽħ崫ˣ
ڰУһ˵ͻȻ֪Ķ￩һ͵һۣͼһŹڴԶƮ
֮УҳΧȥΧһж޾ͷĺڰ֮Уκε壬ֵͷһԼ壬һҵ֣ҵĽţԭ壬ҾȻѾˣ
һϲɾʱѾ֪ʲôط˹
ˣڸˣֻһʱλѡ
£ԶƮǹѾһȥͼǹ֮һˣһӵƤףϱһŴ󹭡ϵżһ仹һսʡ
ʺ̣ܶǱʶذ׵ʡ
㣬˭
΢΢һЦ˵ǲǻʣ
Ļٶ𾪣Ϊҵȷ䣬ɻûгأô֪ģ㣿
뷨ûгڣڹ⻪ѾЦЦ˵ҵȻ㣬Ҳȷʵܶ˼룬ΪҾ֮С
˵ŻͻȻֳ̧Ҷһָָ˲ҸǰذףҼǵãذȥģʱһڲ޵ڼȻѾΣΪʲôذ׻ڣ
ûٶȷʣѾЦ˵׼ȷ˵ذذײڣҲܸ֪롭
ǡ㵽˭ֵʲôط
һһڣЦŴһƬþҼʱݣþסĻǣڹѾɢˡ˭ΪβԼǰذװϸһأ
˻һڣͼ֮ͻȻһư׹⣬ֱ˲Ҹǰذϣ·ڹһ㡣
һ£ɨһ֮ڻĻ˫ֳذ׵ıȥ
ذ״ӶϰγʱҸоһ˿һʹذ𽥳룬˿Ҳʼһ
ǽҶһͼǻͭذ׵ĸϵһС֣ƺ飬ȻǷ壬̵ֿúСǿǿܿʲôҲԾظ
鱦ڶ
Ҽǵүǰᵽʦûʲô֮˵иɽʱĸɽûбΪʲôڡûʲôħ塱ʱĸɽΪ鱦ڱɽ鱦ڶɡһɡéɽɣɽ
鱦ڽû䣬Ӷнһµķ֧ҲǷɽ֮һĸڽħ塣
֮ذҲѾȫҶ˳ֵתһ棬һֻ֡
سۡ
һ֣Ҷû˵ͨһ͹ڵء
ڵӰݼʦү
ȻǰҲ֪ǹļһҽħĿʦ
سۡ
㲻ؾڷ֮ʱȣ֪ΪΣ
˵꣬ҸϽҡҡͷͷ̧һ¡
ǰҪ˵ڵĿɽʦѾôˣôͻȻҵǰأ
ʱֻʦү˵ذףΪ걾ʦүѧʱʦԴذéɽɽһսԴ˲ſ֮ǧʢ¹غħδͽм£Ҫȥ졭


671 
ʦүܷԸҳ
ʦү˵ͷ˵ǷһʱҲ˵Էǹذ֮УԷһû뵽һ컹ǵˡ
˵ʦүһ̾ҡҡͷ˵ҲӦǾΥɣħջҪһսһսϵħͽҪһãٶ
һ⻰ЩΪˣƲ˵ʦүͽﲻæҲûа
㲻˵Ҷ֪ģҼȻһ֮а취ع
ʦүһڣдϲϽ˵ʦү˵ģǣͶǡ
ıǣ㣬
ʦүһڣͻȻһӳ䣬ǰٶһƬڡ
ڰ֮УҾ͸оԼƺһǣǰһ󼲳ۣҲ֪˶ãͣһϤʼӿһҴܵͬʱԺ֮Ѿ˻СƵ
ţˣ⣬⵽ô£
ŻСƵҲʼߴߴԺķҡ
ģǰĺڰͻȻ͵һſ˫ۣŷ֣ԼȻķ
ңһˣ
뵽ҸϽԼ壬ȻֽźӶѾСģֻصԼ֮С
ϲʱͻȻͼǰһΣʦүѾǰƾֳҶû˵Ͻ´ٶȰݵڵأлʦү
㲻лңҽħһΪϹŶʱԹ䣬䱾ҶȻҲ
⻰ס
ڽڵʦүĬĬ˵ͷֳ˵ǧд޽⣬Ҳ޷ֻԼһ˲֮£Ƕ˽⿪Ļᣬͽеϣϣ
˵ʦүһΣѾٶȻΪһذףҵС
ҸϽ˵ͷ漤սĶ˼ٵȥϽһ߿žͳկŴ˹ȥկһͼԿסԵéɽȻڶ࣬ȻиҲûмźһ˵ҲѾ˹룬ʡµ˻û˱ܣ׷׵ۼǺԵˡ
ۿսԽԽңҲ̲סѪһɽկſһŭ𣺡ֵͦסңˣ
ҺһͰԼսС㡢˶ʱس˹Ҳûһͳˮд˹ȥ
̤ˮǰʱذ֮Ѿʦү
λѣ˿̻ԵĶѾԼǻסֻҪξ֮ǰȳǣȻ
ҷʦүôҷأ
㴥˶ʩµ䣬Ȼӱһ٣ƽ⣬Ψһľ֮вдķתƵԼϣһɰȻȴ
ʦүΪ˾ҾȻ
ҷµģȻҲҳе˭ҵΪѧϰɽɱżҴˣš
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ʦүһڣ⡱һȻȴûмǻ˵ȥͻȻһתСǰ棬
̧һмԶѾ嵽˺ӱߣˮھҵĴźӰ̧ͷһͼ硢Сƴزס
Ѿ嵽ˮߣͼѪѹƵİϽ˫ƽӡҺС
û䣬ʯ׶ͻȻˮ¶˳ʯ׶ѾܵǰʱͼѾӿ˫͹鳯һɣͻȻСȥ
˵Ż˫ʮָҲѾܵǰź绹ûˮУҵһ£ͬһʱѾ˫ֽϿգźǹɾ޴ĹᡱһѾצλãͼСֳֻԪɡֱͼĹؽڡ
һҷɵǰСҲϽһ֣ȶ̵ģһ̡
΢΢һЦżһ㣬ͳСķ˹ȥ
СͷʱСͻȻһſеĻԪɡҽһȻͷĸ߶ȣһ׵˫ֽ߬ǻضҿ
ͽףéɽֵҹˡ
û䣬ѾǰԵͷϣû˵һƾͳ׵˹ȥ׵ҲѾŤһƴǵ࣬һ˫۳
ҴܵѾ𼯽ᣬۿ׵ƽǰһƣšءһ죬ѪɫѾ׵ը˹ȥ
ըͬһʱ䣬ֻ׵һҽУըֱӴӾͷϵ˳ȥƼ֮ĺȷʵ̫ǿһдҲѾصС
һʱ䣬ǰٶȷŭ˻ûҳˮ£ͻȻһھͳҧ˹ҸϽںİȣǰѪڵķ͵һӣѾշ˼ԶǴӹһ١
ҲΪҶ׵ֵĹϵһһͻȻ䶼øӿֹǰԿʼسҷ𹥻ǺҲѾת򣬳˹


672 Ļ
⵹ЩɵۣɵرԹģӣҲһ¶ѣô
ǳġ
ذУʦүһδ
ɱսһΪɱȻҡ
ʦү˵ĹǰѾһڳҧ˹ҸϽȶȽһٶʱڵغѾػζӳ嵽ҵǰ͵һʱһ˳ȥԶˮկկǽѾˮ˳塣
ͷһ˶Ѿˮ˿̱ǾƵҡҰԼֲƽȣ˵ҵæˡ
ɲ֮䣬ͻȻſѪھȥĹѾְּ̧䣬һѪɫʱĴǺԵѪзȥ
ܣʱ̡ءһը˿һ˲䣬һ㵽ǺһҽУӲɵһΡ
ͻȻʦүٶȴ
ذȾѪΪ֮ҵذ׿ס
лʦүָ㣡
˵⳯űһɨѾ͵Ϯ˹ۿѾߣҸϽһȻӳνͬʱǰԵıϺһţȻŶĺһͷ˹ȥ
źԻûӦѾǺͷϣֱסͷļǣѾִӺʦүذף׼ǺԵͷĺݺһ¾ʹȥ
͡һĻͭذûǺͷͬʱѪѾĽ㣬ʱѪȣһŨѪζһ˲ĹԺ֮оԾһֵĻ桭

Ӱ档
ģҪ
ֻһȻɫ۵ĵʿһںӱߵǳ̲ϣŵغš
㣬ʦ棿
Ȼû䣬סѾеذףݺؿ£Ѫɽǳֵǡ
ۿѪ˳ǵʿؿˮУֵٶȶݺݵ˵ƾʲôƾʲôżҾܸ߸ϣ
һϢĵʿͻȻ˿ĭ˵ﶼ֪ʦԹŷΪ֣һӡ鱦ȻֱͶǵΪʲôȴֻżҵʦүŵȫϰȴܣ
سۡˡѾ߻ħˡ
ǰҷˣ
һЦֵǵʿ˵Ҵķ˰ɣҾȻЧʦŵһĺԭνһͲǿʲôеģǴӹɽ͵ģȥɽҲߣҸҲ˼ʱѧЩɷյõʲô䡭
ƺԽ˵Խ˵ʱѾͻȻһеذףǵʿĶϺݺݴһǵʿһҽУֵˣȴЦ·ǵʿʹ
ⶼǰżͣҿ׷һӵڽɽȫգȴʹ޷ֵȫʹó֪ʹʲôǡ
˵ŻǳֵѾٶȾеذһΣ׼ǻ۵ʿĺ
żһһӣʹһӣسֻҪţҪɱżеˡһ
˵ҪһȥɾʱƽˮͻȻ䴫ءһ죬ˮͬըһ㵹죬ͬһϡﻩӿ£ǳֵ˲侪ס̧ͷźȥͼһȻӺﻺʵشӱˮֳһںʿĺɫӰ
ۿǺɫĹӰͻȻֵ֣ͻȻһϾȻ˲¶һĪʹͷŭ
ΪʲôΪʲô㻹ǲϷŹҡѾҳµʹ࣬㻹㣿Ϊʲôԭŵ꣬ȴǲԭҡ
ͻȻ˺ѷε˻

Ǽҵģת˲֮ѾԺš
ҲһֻƬ̣źҵҡΣһᣬѾͷϻȥ
ңҸոտǡ
е˲䣬ҾЩã֮һƬհס
ΪڸոǼ֮УѾؿǳֵ˵
ǵҵļ䡭
еذڣͻȻִʦү
޶ȣа޽ʧһ뱻˲ļ䡭
ǣΪʲôᣬҵԺУ
ΪҽǸذ֮ϣذ׽ҹѾƫд꣬佨ĳӡ
ڵذз
ҲνѾӱ̫꣬񼴱ڰļ䱻֪̽кηʦţɱʦżҺˣħɥĲķӡ㣬ǲЩ壿
ֹЩǻӸڽħĿ߿˵ļǲġ
ͨһĺˮ֮Уˮ͸ķѾĶ˫帡ˮ桭
λħһʦеļģ˵Ļģħ忪ɽʦس۶Ǹ˾ӣһǱáһһʦ
ʦɵһԱΪʹŵĳݶķΪ̿ղͿ̿ϧɱȴѪ˶Ŀȫǣָȴӵ˶ɽһ͸Ӵ˿˸ڽħʢΪʦڵһ֧޿ɴĺ
Ȼڣǰҽħʦүȴ׿ڸңԭһжֻƭ˵ģϣմʦһż֮Ѫ


673 Դ
ڱĺˮ³ʦүĻȻƽȴɸصһ
ΪʲôֻŵԼԦɽѵΪǵ棿ѵΪˣ
ͻȻ䣬ʦүس۵Ѿٶȴذд
ܵģݹʷֹ֮üˣȫͬʱɽȫա
ǻҵҲֹȷʵҲ˵ʷϼ˵ĴᡢԼһλʱéɽһӰоҵĺֵЩһǵš
ԶĲ֪ɰȴ˭˽⣬ôõ츳ɻ޷éɽڵĵȫգȻżͻῴéɽ׻ƵУΪĺֵǲΪ¡зߺ޶Ϊ֮ǸִˣϧéɽԼ帺ҲҪǿϰéɽ׻ĿֻΪ׻һ泬ԽΪˡó׻ܡ
үҲ˵Ͼ˵Ƚ⣬ڵĵʱȻҲɸ˺ȻҪǿϺܶ࣬Ҳүһֱûֹʹ׻ԭ֮һ
үҲѧϰéɽǲУԲܹéɽǸɽĵѧԽ࣬ĸԽ󣬵ͷֻẦԼ
ȻҲ׵ģ˳ˡéɽ׻ڡ׷ʵéɽ֮⣬츳ˣҲѧʽ
뵽һϮͷ˵ŵͬʱɽҽɽڶӣΪΪ˵ĹϵĻǵΪʲôΪˣԣȴԣΪʦżһԣĺȴԡ
ȷʵЩ˼
ʱֻʦүѾٶȴ
ʢ̰ԣΪʲôѧţȴ޷ɽͬʱԦƾʲôƾʲôΪŵ꿪ʦֻܶĤȴ޷Խ
˵ذдԽؼ
⣬ҿʼĴѼйʦĹżأԼڵŵһϢڷһܣԭνĵνĵԴһصĵطɽߡ
ʦүһѾͻȻԺ֮ſУͼʦүСһܵǰУһֻ߬Լǰذףһֻ֣߸߾һ֧棬ŻĹâͼıϿǧٹֵ֡Լͼܿ죬Ѿߵ˵·ľͷǰȷʵһ޴ʯңʯһˣ׼ȷ˵ǰˣֻʣ°ԴͷɢбͷԭһĿֱسȾͷһֻۣһұش࡭
ҿȫӡ˺ۣϵ˿һһⱻ˺ȥһ㡭
꣬Сʿŵ󴳹ɽߣӴ˸ΪߵػߣػĲǹɽҲߣǼ̳еĳ
ʦүҼ³Ѿ𽥸оϢֱʱҲʶԼˮУϽƴͨһˮ֮̾ʵʲôﵽʲô
ȥĹһĹѨϹħʬĹѨ
ʦүһڣٶȾ㵡
ٶȴ
ҲߣᷢܣϹ֮սǧĶˣǸϾɱʬȫУʹû䣬˼ӭԼ˵󣬶Щʬ֮Уȴһδ
ѵͣҸոջþгֵģǰԴˣҾ
ûĹȴ˵֮޷ѣޣϰŶױȵĺޡΪޣԵ̤ʱĵһ飬ǿޡʹ磬Щͽ
ǡɽʲôϵٶȾʡ
ӣʲôǧٹֵԭǲΪϹʱڣûеһ˵ֱйʱڣԼҲͻȻ𣿡
ʦүĻѲ֪λش
ʱʦүѾٶȿڡ
ڵԴ֮ǰϽһֳԽƿطΧڣ˴ǧ磬Իǧ磬ҲΪɵĴڣŲϧϱѵҲҪ׻𡭡
ʦү˵ƺѾʲô
˵ǡ
û
ʦүʲôǵıԴϹʱЩǵ˵ǹ֮ݱ壬Ǹ¼Щoʹǽǿŵ߸ϱΪ񣬲ܵ˵ĤݡЩҲһ㡭
㡭
ûҲģҲһҡı򼫶ˣڹû֮ǰĹǽΪϵһϵҪƹʷ򣬽ǵԼǲϷһɵĹȴԼﱧ֮ģǲ̽ΪӡŬǣȰ˵·׷׵꣬׼Լͬ塭
ʦү˵ʱԺгһ֡
ҶǶϹսƬ⣬ȫΪڶĴˡ
Լ֧ͬ࣬ΧŮ񲻶ӰǳŵĲսУؽָͬţԼ


674 ݱ
һս
ʦү˵գи߸ϵĹսл𡭡Уеħ޶Ѿ׵ϾЩħͬ࣬Щħ߱඼޷ġ
⻰ҵ˵ͷȷʵһСǰŮŮʬϾһõ˳ֵ֤Ѿȥô꣬ȻΪлһж̫ˡ
ʱʦү˵ݱȣЩʬҴħ֮һΪĹ񡭡
ݡݱȡ
ݱȣһδ˵
ʦүңݱһλ߸ϵĹҲ˼䴴ʹ֮һеĽգȴ˳̵ɱ
ݱԹɢûħԹٶȻȴ޷ѡǣΪħʬػߣͬʱҲħ֮սȫ̻ߵǽ֮ϣúԼȥѪܵ࡭
һֱһܽߣ˵Ѫȵʷ̳ĵĺ⣬˼䣬ղ֪˶ٸͷڵȵǸˣǸΪ̳ԼԹ͸֮ĵˡ
ʦү˵Ǹ˵֡
ŵꡣ
桭Ҿˡ
ûеŵӿеĵ档
ʦүһδڣǶѱĿʷ࣬
ʦүس˵ŵ걾ΪһСʿȴɽߺ󣬱ĹΪԼĸʹߣûɱ棬ǿʼԼĽӰˣΪ˸Լյйڡ
ǹݱȴһ⣬ΪϹŹаֻܣ֮ѧлԣҪЩȫգԱ΢ȫ޷յġ
Ϊ˸𣬾ݱԲԼѵĵӳԼ⣬ԼѪӴ֮żҿʼŹѪˣڼ̳˹ǵȫ
ݱȴû뵽Լʱ̳ĸȴԼΪ屨Ժ󣬸Դ˴ʦԹ֮նħά˼䣬ݱһֱػŵʮԿ͵ѡ
ԿףʲôԿף
һʣʦүӦһ˵ûԿףݱȲδἰԿ׵;֤ߴԿףǺʦ
ʦ˵ľʦӡҡ塭ǣԿף
ûԿףʲôԿ׾Ҳֻ֪֪ڹɽĳһţǵҪʮԿ׿ʹػΪһ̡
ʦүٴδذд
ʲôţʲộݱȴδֻңǹɹߵĵˡ
ˣ
ԣˡһǾһŮĺˣ֮ΪŮΪŮ洫ഫΪļ̳ߣ֮ս󣬾һԭŮ¹֮սʱڵıѣվ˹һһ˸ͻڹɽϵطߣԿס
ʦү⻰ڣҵһ뵽ľС㡭
׹̵ǰСǾɵĴѪͳҲ˵Сŵ׹̸ֽҲԴڹ壬ǹǴ֮һ֡
ʦү˵ԿףҸѾڵһʱ䷴ӳ˹
׹ʥ
ֻʦүѿڡ
ڶˣʦŵ꣬Ҵߣȡ˹κȴ˹ո˹ԿףȲϧԼԹĳŵ֮˼䣬ĿֻΪĳһǶ˼䷢𸴳ʱ̣Щֿ֮Ĵߡ
Ϊһ˳˼־ѾǵһˣϾνġħ֮սѾ˵
࣬˭˭аģ˭ǶԵ˭Ǵģһ˭޷˵ס
ˣֱ񣬴˵ǱߣȻаģġ
಻ϧΪɶսʲôԣŵΪӲϧŵԣʲôԣ
ǵء
ҸڱĺˮѾȫϾ˼˿ƴսİСˣԼЩϧסһéɽʿǡ
˭Ҳ֪ΪߵʯϲûἰԼݣΨһ֪ǣڱƭ֮󣬾ݱȶѾǳ׾ڵ䴳֮󣬾ݱȲûдκεûиκεʷ࣬ȴ뿪ʱİԿס
һ𣬶ʱʵİԿףɹΪʲôҪô
Ϊ˼Լĸ𡭡
ʦүڵһ˴Կ뿪ʱһѾʼ˼𽥴Ϊܣ˼䲻ðҲǹǸƻһ֣ҪЩ̰౻νġΪѰɱʮԿףսΪһɱ¾ĵͬԼĸһΪ˵õǿԷ¾һһεɧңǹǸҵһ֣ǾҪ˼䲻ðǾҪЩԼɱһ壬Ϊɹһ
˵ʦүͻȻĬͻȻ䣬һѾԺըڹ⻪еسѾֳ
һָ̧֣Լıӡ
ĸˣҡ


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˵ʦүس۵ɫͻȻ쳣ء
Ϊ׷ѰŵĲڹɽһǰ꣬˰ѪڳɹߣȻ㵱ʱޱȿѾľݱȴղԸκζֻһ£Ǿŵ֮ͬʱɽҲǹеȫΪʵǹѪҺ
˼ס
ҵ˵ͷֳȻ˵سʵһһǲȻŵ˹⡢˹Ѫ̳˹Ѫôһ˵ĺҲӦü̳һѪŶԣΪʲôȴֻеͬʱɽ˴˵еġˡ֮⣬ŵĺ˶һ㣿
ҲҽҪ˵ġʱʢЩ߻ħħʹ£ѾɥʧϸΪѰ뿪ߺǰɽ֪żʦéɽֱéɽȥʱλʦ˵ڵ֮׽ѣΪ˶ƭȡ֮éɽ¶ֵܷͬ͵Ϯʳǵ⣬ǵѪ
ʦү˵ʱҵԺ֮ǰǸѪܵĻ棬éɽ£һߣѪˮУһƬѪ졭
ٿʦүǲɣһĨʹ࣬ת˲֮̾˿˵Ѷذ׸˺ֵܵ˫ŽŽֳֵͬܲ˷Ҳ̲ɱԼѣǴֵ֣ͬǵ˺׽ǵĺ˿ǵѪȣҡҡ
˵ʦүȻʧأ
ںѵУҽ˶ħȴ֪ڸģɱ֮ǿʩչʱĵȴܸоɰĲʸУҪȥɱҵѡŻ塭
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ҳ˵ҵһԽħ˵ݶܣԭڵ֮ԺյʦүȻôһɥĲķӡ
󣬾ʦүʱȫ֪ҪԼĺ֣ȴѰҶֹס
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ҵӡӦһ˫ƺΰ顣
һǸ¹֮սйأƵ巢ͻݱΪһսӦ֮еһγ֡
һЩ˵أӦóˮɽеˮԴڻΪϮˣҲʾ¸ħҸʤӦһӦܶ飬ŮɡǰղֹһƵʲľһٻ
ȻӦһսܣȴⳡսͣɱȺͿ丸
ڴ˵鼮пʱʵҲһ룬ȻӦǻƵһսɱпԭɹؿ丸ʲô£Īǹ
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ݹżأ¹֮սʱڣ丸һľ˾ͬڶ£¹֮սܡȲǿ丸һֻ׷ŶͷӴܣҲǴ˵еġ丸׷աһµԴΪഫ껼̫֮
׷껡һ·Ŀ丸ȴ˺󣬽׷ӦأӦɿˮ˶Ͼ˿丸һˮԴտ丸һȫ˶˸·ϡ
¹һսˣӦ˫ᱻϣӴɥʧ˷еֻĵӵϷݾɽ֮С
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˵˴ʱˮͿ̿ǴˮӦβɨΪ赼ˮֽ湦
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ô˵ڣѵҪԼȥЩԹ˵һ飿Ķ
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ʦүһڣʱʧɫϽ־ʵ㣬˭Ϊʲôذ淢
ңǡ
ʦүһƺҲѲ֪شλʦ˵ʻˡ
ϾԻŰҸϽ˵ĶԻڲ˵Щʱȳ˵
һһڣһѾըι֮ǺͷϱըҷɵƬͷϵƤ¶˳ʱӺͻȻִһŭ𡪡
ӣȫˣ
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ۿҪײצ֮ʱͻȻһۣ͵һѾצסûӦ˫ץסצһ˺ꡱһצѱ𡭡


681 Ӧ
˶۵ΨȴԽսԽ£û֮ǰı׾ǱϹɽһ׺ݱ
ۿźգۼĹѾ˺ǺԵצӣźԵŭǺԵһֻצӣ˷ܣ·ѪƻͿѾá
ͻȻ䣬͵һ̧ͷͷϵҺͰ˹ŵһûȷӦιǸòԸɣ
һ˵ǲ˹԰ܲʲôͷߣҸϽҲѾ˫ֽӡʩܡ
źˮéɽڵԼ硢С͹ƣͬʱƣһ׻˲ݵһʱءһѾըܣҺͰһΣɵضǺԵͷɢը˳ȥٳǺͷһ׶εѩѾը˶һ룬ѾǾҵرըбը˳ȥ
ٶȲҽУޱʹһΣ˵͹֮𽥵ˮ桭
ءһˮٶըһľˣ֮УһȺéɽʿǱҡҰڣȻѾǲҽǿдģǻ
ҺͰֱƯˮľϣǺԵµķһǺˮС
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ڡʼˡ
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˫ʼӽǵըƬʼ˫ԵƶȻһƬһƬһ壬ûõĹѾ޴һߴһһףڡ
棬ѾɵۣѾȫ˵ˣȻ֮˶֪˫Ծʲôһ˶֪ģǾȻѾ֮ǰø㣬ŨΣϢѾҹĻ
죬ȥ֪ͨΧ֮ڵˡ
ͻȻ䣬һ׵һĶӽĺˮðͷϸһȻ
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ôһ˵ŻԭȥɢȺ
éɽΧΪɽҰ룬ȷʵмСȺɽ֮УʮһУܵ±ؽҡ
һȺ˺͵ʿѾŻˣʱ˿äĿĻأ
ʱȴѾڶĲӺӰЩ˽һǸϽͷԼĴ˹ȥ
ĻˣɥĲɱ֣ܲЩϰյֵţϳȥɢΧ񣬿죡죡죡
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һٶȳҪܰɣѾûκˮˣֵĴˣѾˣȥۿɾǮˡ
ɣǮǺöҲǶѣ
˵ŻٶȶŰһЦ
Ƕ
ﻰһڣǼ˶ôЦƺոӦĽſ־˲ѾȻ޴档
󣬾ΪһǶˣͰϣɵĿԡ
˵ʲôأ
һ죬ֳǼһ˵ǼٸϻٲϽĹȰǵƤǵĽ
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Ƴһû˵ֻͷذ˰֣ƺ
ȴֺٺЦ˵㲻Ǹϸĺϴ󣬵Ǹϸĺô㣬Ϊ㣬ֵǰȳȥҲˡ
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ͷˣ˫һͷéɽΧôҪɢһ˰æͿܶȼ˵ʲôƨȻٷţ
֪ˣ㣬Ǿ㡭̵Ҳûŵǻ
ǲǣҹ
ˣ㣬ˣ
תͷɽկһ񱼣ĿЩֵǱæıӰۿѾ
һʱ䣬ɽկһƬзǾ͸ƵĿʼߡ
ģӵĹأĸҪӵĹˣ


682 ˮկ
һ仰е
ȺɵŰɵķŻȻ˵ʲôе֮飬壬ȴ˶ݡ
һȺ˻𼱻ǵɢȥϢɢȺʱéɽһȺʿҲûţһ£ڵʿܶģƴˮ￪ʼϾΪéɽˣһȺ֮
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ǸϽСķ˹ȥͼСԻԪɡΪСԽĺˮеĵĺˮ֮Уһ޴𽥳͡
еĽ֮£ĺˮǿʼܿƵطԽԽͣĶټˮУϽ취ĺӰ˹ȥƯںϵʬ壬Ѿѭˮ˹ȥоһŴһЩʬһһߵ̽С
ǴӺӳϽܵɽˮկկǽ棬źˮǣһĹˮѾˮկСկǽһͷĴˮկǽˮĻòݡդԼһЩûüߵ˶УǴһо˹ȥ
Щ˱ˮߣû˵һֳΣյĵط˹ȥһŲһˮߵԲľ֮˳ˮƯλʱ;ˮߵһൽԲľܾȵĶѾˣŸϽӡ׶ʱεض𣬽еԲľס
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뵽ҸϽɽկſһûĲt̨Ӹ³һ˲ɵۡ
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һڣǼ˹˵Ͻ׶ֻͷһԼԲľѾ嵽еıԵһž޴ĹҲ̾ӳ˰
ʧɫת˲֮ѾָƽߣǾ³ԭľɫ˫סſѪڵĹ
ʦʮʦڴˣǺηк˼ﲻˡ
˵ͻȻԼѩ׷һƣȻ⿪Լ
һٶ۶Բˣ˰羪ѽѽӦϡ
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С˵ʱͼ͵һ÷£ѩ׵ķҹĻпͬʱѾ¶һӲӵĽ
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ʱС˵ʦӡΪʦȨ֮ʵԭںأԷֽΪʱȡãҲǲǰ˵Щ
С㻰һһȻ
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683 Ѫ
ʱ羪ʵС㣬ʦģΪɶҲ֪¶
ֲżҵˣ֪ʲôã˵ˣҲͰʱģ֮ǰҲ֪£ϾҶһֱǴʦʦӡɽûʹùһΣһֱǱȻȥԴӼεʮʦ֮һֱʦӡЯֻûκѡ
СӣǾȻҴŲŵģ
һȴԾѾ¶΢ЦȻ̤ʵ࣬ϾʦӡΪʦ֮һͻȻһæȻɲ١
ʱͻȻͼʦӡİѾһԲľȥˮ¹Ѫ֮У˲䣬ٶȾ㵣Ҷ֪˵ʲôǺˣžͼҪ価ǹİһΣӯǹϡ
ûȹﷴӦһʦӡ̧ƾͰűӡǹϡ
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˾ȵǣʹ˻þǡֱˮ֮ϵĺڰ˫ҲʼʹŤиǴ
˻һɰûջʦӡǹ֮ϣһŨİ̴ӡĵط𣬾ʱͻȻҵػζͬһ㣬žͼ֮ŹѾΧγɵˮҲʼ𽥷תٶȡ
ƲýżһٶʦӡۿΧˮڼ𣬽żԼˮһ㣬Ѳ֮дݷ𡭡

մдܳǾ޴Ѿ˲ʹľ޴ûС
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һ£ʧɫϽľϷԾ𣬲̤һľ峯ŰܳԶٻͷһӿĲ֮УȻĹѾֳԭ͡
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ȻӦ
ٿڰɫƬ渲ţһ¶ˮǲڿ壬֮ǰǴˮиĺڰ˫ԣ֪ʱ°Ѿһ壬βͷ׷Ǿ޴֮УԶԶһǴǹļιһټϴ˿ϵƬѾһչΪΣǹһҲŻȻ򡭡
ǳ򡭡
һһȻѾӦļ˫ᡭ
ȻӦŸոմˮиȾͳѾʼİڶ̵Ĵ
Ӧ˫Ŀͨ죬һ˫һϷ·֮ͻȻ佫ĿڲԶİһ𣬿ɸûȷӦӦѾſѪڣ֫һţ˲䳯Űһ˹ȥ
ۿɽһȻ˹ʧɫϽ˫ƽӡһ׶εضѽա
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ӦѽսһţֵĶҵʱ䣬Ͻ֮лع˵Űĺˮٶȳ˹ȥ
һt̨ĻҲҪ˭ûȥʦүس۵Ѿִذ֮д
ӣѡʲô
ǻҶʱһ㶣ʵʦүʲôѡʲô
ѡѡ񡣡
ʦүٶȳڣΪʦżҶӦѾⶼһγԵµĽѹ֮ˣ·Ѿ̫ˣһΣѡĻ㡭
ʦүĻʲôѡ񣿡
Ҿͼֱ˵ˡӣӦѪҺʵ佫ӭж⣬ҪӦżҡңһ˷ɡ
⻰ڣС⡱һûзӦ
㣬˵
뵱Ӧɱйء
ʦү̾ʦɽɽ侫֮ӡ֮ڹھɽ֮ڣŵʱӦشѪδԼȥ֮ӦкǱչʮӦӦ֮޳ɷԻѪ
Ѫ
ǵרԵֿӦϮ֮ãϧѪסӦδǴڽ֮У󷨲ڴʦӡ֮ڣȥ֮ǰѵ󷨾⴫ÿʦżҴ˱գżҴʦʱдֱŻΪʦʱҵĹϵéɽ£ûüܼȥʦ˴಻֪ӡܵĴڡ
Ҳ˵ʦӡ󷨿ɱӦ
ʦүĻдϲҪŰһʱʦүȴͻȻֹסңٶ̾ŻɱӦõǴѪӦ׳Լ
⻰˲侪ˡ
˼ǣˡ
ûѪѪɲɢѴ桭


684 һ
⻰һĬǰͼһȺֵںɽһĹƴɱţҵ͸˻ƵģȴѾɥʧ˳ȥ
ħǧʱ䣬ֲҵµһ󣬶Լ֪Ĵ˵ζ޷ġ󽫻Ǹذ֮ϣһֱУȴҲһֱںڰлججķ˼ծ׳ʱǸͷǸ޶ˣǸ˽ˣƾʲôԼɵծ
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յ뷨ǣӦѡȨԼĺӦŻƳոδȫָʱż˷󷨣ɳûӦ׻ɱӦѪеѪ佫׽
˼˵żҺ˵ȡʧЧЩѾżҼ̳ѪĽħĺˣԤеһͬŵһѧϰȫɽ
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ҲҽԼѡԭ򡭡ӣ̫ҲԼĺ˱̫ĶôȫƾԼѡ񡭡
üüͷʵҲ˵ˣµʮָӣǴδֹʦӡﰵѵҪͷѧ𣿡
ˣһۿ
ʦү⣬ΪҰ겻ĵѧţͬҽħһ㣬ԵԼߣǵµѪӡҲܺܿѧᡭ
ʦүĻٶȳĬ֮ؿڣҲԸðԼأңҸô
ҪҪԼҪֹӦ˱һ
ʦү̾˿˵Ҹղ˵һѾ̳˹ѪҪѧϰµĵֻĿ飬µġѪӦ֮󣬵ҲΪҲ˵Ȼ󷨸ӣֹƬѧᣬҽħͬԡ֮ӦҪȻƱػҲѡҲ㣬ǸиµĿʼúѡԼѡԼɾżңԽħݶʦżҳ൨ĵЧңȻҲ㣬Ҳҵɣ֮һȫѡ񡭡
ҡˡ
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ѡ
ٶȳź硢硢СéɽϺͶ㡢ҲѾս֣Ȼ֮ǰԿʱֹˣӦƺһεһ㣬ɰ׻ըƴ˺ҧεץӣȴ޷˼Ӧһһ
ӦӴɽÿһÿһʽʹʱЩС˵𶥵ɱУ˴ֻܸСĽҸѾ۵ˡ
ѡ񣬶ȥ
˵䣬ͼӦӴŰ֮£һκѳˮկ˹ͬһ¾޴ǽڻһѾӲt̨ϳˮȥһʱһͷѹԵĻˮկկͬΧդѱ壬ʱءһ죬֮ͻȻѪɫըһѽˮ֮˳ˮһľһ䣬һȡ
ٶĳһ㼤磬Űҽµľͬ˰һ̤ͷֵǾŵӦӭȥ
Ҫ˵ֱټ򵥲˭˵Լ治
Ҳңⲻ
ҸԼֵѾż̫࣬ΪҶ˰ʲôֵܣ
ûõģǸɱӦ˵ĻѪգ˭ˡ
˾һҾܿŰһȥΪֵܣô򵥡
˵Ѿľ廬ӦǰԶּ̧û˵ͻζаȣʮѪɫѾȿֺسӦӭȥ
һʱһžըѾӦը˻һͨը֮Ӧȴɿһ˿һ˺ۣӦͻȻ͵س˹޴ˮвˣתۼһͷӿķɽ֡ˮկܿͽӵߵľöᣬѾɽǹˮկĿȫǡ
ۿӦҸϽһӣڷɶ𣬵ͷһ´ȥӦѾӺаԼʵβͣͻȻͷת֮͵һ˦޴β̽ûˮ嵹ˮկկǽɨ֧顣
ҸһҲѾŤתһβɨһ㿪βͼɨˮֱӾص˦ˮףһνһ㾪κˡ
һбҶ˹ȥӦûټ׷ʹ򣬶ͻȻ佫ϵǶԡٶȱպչΪεƬֱպϻغڰ˫ϣ˫ֿʼͬһӦļιƴŤȻβͻӦһ𣬵ȴֿʼͬһ˹
ò˵ӦԣɱӴӦҪѸ͵öֿ࣬ʼŰӦȴѾ˫ۣƺ˯״̬һ
˫ٶϮֵȻмܲסˣҸϽ䵽ӦıϣͷΧ˺ұţָӣ
ôһֵǵĿ̶һ˹ҸϽַʩӦԵֵ޼ƿʩֵǰͰ࣬Ӧҵ硢磬


685 Һ
һһڣ硢ӦһҸϽֺ硢磬ֵﶥͽеΣգǸҲҽӣ
ϻ
һۣҲԾЦһ̧ͷӦιŰĿһһ
˵ʲô
⻰ڣ硢˴ʧɫٶظ˵һһع壬ֻܹ˫ۣԽԽá
Ҫɱ˫ɲףƾ𣿡ҲԹ
ûҪɱǣ˫Ӧĳѣɱʲôã
ǣ˼ǡ
Ҫŭǣ֮ҵľͶˣȫ˫۾
ף
ҲûٷϻۿžԽԽΣգͼ硢Ӧһ̷֮ͷӦһԼιǳ˹ȥС㡢˽趯ľסʱ˳˫塢ץ˫ƬȿֺؾͿʼ
֮ǰһսѾùɴʱ˿ǻûκεԹԣ˾ͺһɤӣֻͬĺһ㣬˭ں档
ûһĹ򣬾ͼͺѾ˲ס˫Ļϣһɣ϶ʱ¶һŭ͵һ¾ͳ˹ȥ
ȻҲûţѾԺԷ˹죬һھҧ˰Ե顭
˫Ҳɵ˷ֱʼ۾𹥻Ͻ˫۱ϣʼӿŰ
ʱͼҲѾ˹ûȳ嵽ǰȾʵСҪʲô
㡭
ɨ˰һۣȴԾسһ£ҡҡͷ˵ӦöԸѾ˶ԸľѰ취뿪ˮ棬Ҹȫطѡ
ҪҶ㲻ܣôܣʱüͷ
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ӦһҲ׷ĲˮУȻʱһزҽȴͻȻӲԶѪ֮д


690 ѪΣ
ѭŲҽȥԴͼѾ̱ڵϣԵЩ٣ƲСϽ˹ȥſɡΪסѪꡣ
ҲϽܹȥʵСߣô
ңҿ첻ˡ
ΪѪĸʴֱۺѱˣϾЩɱȲˣϹɽһ֧תΪˣС壬֮ģҲڲһƷ̫ͼԵʶܵıӻ
ﲻͬǸͨͨСʿѣûû壬ĶܳŵסѪʴ
ֹȥΧȺɽ֮ϣҰݿľѾѪɢ֮𽥸ûΪҽѪڲۿѾɢȺɽ֮⡣
һɽıƽԭɽѪɢٶȱһֻ죬Ʈׯ߳еϿգϰǾҪˡ
ѾҪ֧Ųסˣ۵üͷϽС˵С㣬ȴҸȫĵطѡ
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˵ֳڲԶһֽۣ˵УСҲŪߡ
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С˵ͷϽŰ˹嵽ǰûңѾݺݵصһۡ
ҵĺǽӲģ޷˵ȻСһ۾ҵ˼üͷĬһ£̾˿˵磬СƢǶ˽⣬Ūˣᡭ
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˵껰СϽһͳˮȥˮʱһſɡֽɡɴʹã˳ˮƮԶ
˸һ뿪ͼͰѾʼӦϷҵĽȻЧȴɲ
Ӧ϶ǣ𼱻ǵģ޲ܹȥǵæ˾ѾҵĴһͿһۡ
ʱӦıͻȻִһ󼤵𶯣ɨȥԭӦѾǳ֮У֪ˮȻѾͺˮߣֻʣһƯˮϵѪѪѪûбȥ
ҵ𶯣ûӦཬ£ͻȻӵѾȥȻͺѾհķԸˮˮȫͽӦµĺӵڿա
һ˲ĹӦȻѾͨһСûѪɫŢ֮ڣۿཬѾѪϵӿϽӡӲԶɽϣľݴͻȻļʮѾǵķͬɼһۼ˹
ۿѾڿнһڰյĴû˵ϽһһץסͬʱϽС
ҲͰҿ˼ͷӦ󱳱ԵһɽཬѾͬХΧ˹ŵ翸ҵͷܣһǰ壬ѳŰڵ
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ϸһͼԼѪϸʴԼһĹӦѱʴĿȫǡ
ۿӦͣȴ޷ӳµ̶ɵ϶һҲں̱ϣЦЦ˵ǽˣȻӦѪôԼԼʴҿˣʲô
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ⷽȷʵЧ˵ӦӲһֱӲ̶һᱻԼʴӦô׶ԸҲɵһˡӦҲȽԼȫѪҺͷųѪջΪѪѪҺʴ֮УôݲеģͲǰ֮ˣ¡
ʦүûټ˵ȥ㲻˵ҲѾˡ
һʱͼ綼ѾֽüͷͻȻһʣιѵ˵ûʲôܽӦһ𣿡
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˵ͼһקѾߡֲʦӡ
ϾнʦӡʱʦӡֳһͼģѾסδرΣûµĹѾʦӡչ
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ȡʹ統һһѾ߬ס˰ĸ첲ƺʲô嶯
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ûһ˦֣ҧƴӣµ̶˫ûʹ壬ֻܾȲ׳Լϲúͽ
Ժչ˺ôңһ
˵䣬һϮѾ£һȴֹ


691 Ѫ

ľͼѪɫ̶̱һԸ붯ãǻŭɤۣȴǳ˿ڣҼ졣
ۿŰѿŢŰӦϣͻȻͼ̧һƴһʦӡѾٶȰšžһģ
ֽ֮󣬰˫ƽӡͻȻ䣬ͼһۿɼĽѾȫΧɢ
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֮죬Ҹļ٣岻סͼѱϵĶ䣬ʱͻȻ䴫һէֵĻ⣬ҺϵĶֽȻԼȼ
һȼգҵ̻˹ָжҲѾһ仯ŵس˹
ۿҪϽקҡ
С㲻ȥ
Ķ˼һ߹ȥ߷ϵͬʱѽһշ̶зɴܶ¡

ҵľʧɫǽ⿪ʼѸٵسΧɢת˲֮һǹѾ̶֣еѪҲʼɢ١
Сʦү˵࣬ħż˵Σ㲻ز֡
˵ŻݵĽ֮ͻȻͼ˫ۣ׹ٶһΧ˫۾ҵת
һΣǼİ׹תͬʱ˫䳶÷飬¶һ˫׳ֱ
ֻۡһǰ׹⻮˫ͬʱѪѴ󴦱˿ӿһɹѪ˳ʼӦĺϵΣһۣԼȴƯӦϿղԶĵطͷ·ʲô֮и˰һ㡭
ֻǰұȥסȻŰ˫һҵҲʼãٶԽԽѾƯڿУȻˡ
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һûȷӦͼѪӰٶڼӿ죬ͬưһ㣬ʼžӦĺϵ䡣
ӦĲҽƴѪͬһĺϿʼԼߣһѪߡ
ûõĹǡѪߡѾӦıϻڷͼȻûȫͣӰлѪҲûֹͣƺڽѪȫ壬ͣͣˡ
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ͻȻ䣬ʮСͯŭ
١ꡢǡδȴ֡ȶΣî򣻼ӻ籣Ρꡢ׳顢桭ؾ֣ţػսţԯ׻ȸ䣬ߣӦݡ
ʮͯӵľŭ𣬰ɫԽԽѿͻȻһΣѾ֮ܲУȴû̶ǼƯڰ֮У󴦵˿֮УѪѾͬСһ㣬תתؼӦ塭
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ұڰգҲϲȥҲ²˲ɵۣƴУɰȴ̧ͷ΢΢һЦ촽ѾʧѪ԰ףѾ˵һ仰
Ҷż˵ĹѪԭӦҪǲǣ
һۣʱͻȻһϿմ̧ͷһȻѾϷһԾ£
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˵ѾҵϣȻ׹ٶȾͿʼһҪұʱͻȻͣ˰֮С
һ㶣Ժȴ˲һϽ磬һţһţ
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ʱΧʮͯӵĺһδ
ѪУӦ±ٲ飬ꡣߴƣߵãԸ߳ɡŮңŮĸԪ롢ּ졢ʤѪѪɱ
ѪѪɱ
ǻҺ޵ֱҧֺҪȡһǲǣãҪѪǲǣҸǣ
һʱͷҶû˵ҲԼ˫̧𣬶׼󴦵붼ûڣŴ̹ǵľʹѪҲѿʼ˳ҵܿͺͰѪΪһţӦ
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һŭȻѾƮ˹̧ͷһǺѾѪѪĴ֮Уָһš
ҲûƮʱѾԼƤ˺ѪƮǵߣһסҵ֣ʱͼСҲѾԾ£ָһţνСգۼĹѾƮһ˫צһ˫һӣѪһץסĽţһֻѾͷ˹ȥ


692 Ե
С㽫еĻԪɡһݣ̱ק˹ȥͬһ˺֮Ѫʼ׷ǵĲ˵Ѫ˲ڻһ壬һϸϸСӦ
ʱӰкȻ
λǶƤģֻܸǼ˹Ȼŵ굱괴ʱû˵ֻżˡֻӵй֮Ѫ˲ʹãѪһѪһãû;ҲǺҲ²⣬ֻˡ
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ʱڵͷһС㡢硢ҡͰѪѾ˳Ӧĺ֮Ͻһ͵Ѫַ䡭
ǷһͣѪ֮ͻȻʼð⣬ӦͲҽʼӵļ
ŽϸһͼγɵѪӡӦƤܿӦıϸʴһ׵Ĺۣǹ۵γɣΧΧƯڰ֮еʮͯͯŮѸԾˢˢһ֮󣬷֮϶ʱɳʮ⣬ӦС
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ʱֻӦʹغ
żӵܣɱǵ桭ΪʲôΪʲôǻҪġΪʲôΪʲô

һ֣ȫӰ˵ģ΢΢ſ۾ûڶ
ӦĿ𽥱òǽİûõĹ򣬾ͼӦѪѾɷɻڿֱײƺǽȻλεĹâȴһɫĴһ㣬ӦȫУǷĺɫҽӶӲȥ
ͬʱͼܲеŨѪҲ΢Ĵ֮½ɢӦڴӿ£һƺѻָƽ
ʧѪ࣬˫ͻȻһž͸оһգѾ̶нʣ޼ķɻȥ̶ΧĽƺҲڽţȫɢҲѾͨһ˺ӵ׵УѾʹˡ
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һˣȫʧɫϽֵһͨУżԶŢͻȻһֻǻ˻Ρ
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⡱һһζβʹĻ仭˲ϮԺֲȥӰ˫ۡ
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ֵܣ̸ʲôԵԲġ溦ҵ棬ȴҵ
ЩӲȴЦЦ̧־ؿϴһȭ˵ǡСӸҼţǷҪҡ
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ҳŢУ̧ͷͼǳ΢΢ףЦӣҼΪõǿΪǿˣ뷨ʹħЩԹ긽ذ֮ϣ˼ν⿪ǧԹȴò𰸣ȴҽ⿪ĽᣬһȻ򡭡ԭƾһ֮ǿߣǿĲʲôɷʲôħꡭĬϡԹˣĽѽ⣬ллǽǧ˵͸Ӧһõѡ񣬸һĴ𰸡ңܽˡ
£еʦүسѻӫɢƮУûõĹѾǳ϶Ϊһʧ
ҡͨһڵأͬǰδеͻɾʱһѾ
벻ǾɱӦˣҲֹʮľӪļƻ


693 
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Ц˵ȻĻΪ˸֮λʹɱԼͬʦ֣׵˲ܣéɽĺ֮ɽϣ
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ǰ˭ûµĴǸӵأȴǰӣֲֻᡭ
˭᷸˭зŭʱѵ˵ΪҪһӴκλĻ𣿡
׵ٶȺһиùңҪëСéɽţǽҸɽȥڶéɽͲ׹¾˲أҵʱɽϣ˵éɽΪ־棡ëСŵĵҲΪ׹̵ħһй׶ëСĴأȴʶôһֱάΪŰ
׵һ䣬ͻȻȴӰѾӿŢ̧ͷһȻéɽϺͱ˲Ķ㣬ԼѾϻˣһ˵ĻѾ
һȺ˸һ£ŢнС㡢ǰΧͼ˻ӶľָŭԼµĹȻƵʦֵͷϣΪŰΪ޵ëʦլʺŹͽƭΪéɽȴþһΪéɽ˶ŬΪе֮٣أʮʲô
ƺԽ˵Խ˼ڴ֮һڣѾĵŭ
ԭΪ㱻︮Ϊʮ֮һܸĹ´Ӵ˻عû뵽㾹Ȼʮʱ䣬éɽɽԣҺúÿ㣬һս˶ͬŵӣǵҪ㡭ףⶼĴ
Ǳҵģ
һŭȻѾҪƲסԼŭһ֣һ׻ͻȻڷɳءһը˵ؿϡ
屾͵־һսѾľ׵ͻȻ֣谵˸ûȿ׻·Ѿһҽзڵء
һʱ䣬˶ס׵ԼҲɵһȻȥķóȥˮҪջأ̸ס
ʦ壡ʦ壡
һ£ϸϽΧȥϧǣ˸ûȽ˫۰رϣѾϢȫһ졭
ʦʦ塭
죬λéɽ˲˵ΧһޣһͻȻִץľվ۾ͳ׵˹ȥ
ףʦ治ƴˡ
˵ǵһ£׵ȴѴһ̧־ýָ׼ؽľָ䣬һ֣žһѾӦء
ûǵӦ׵ȲһֻѾĵһ׻ȻǵҲѾڵء
׵һЦǣʲôéɽϣȫʢʱȺ֮ҲҵĶ֣Ҹǣôéɽ֮пй涨Ҳɱϲ͸ЩһֱͷԣѾéɽţ˷ɻڴˣ
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ܺõõȥɽͽЩĨĨû𣿡
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˵Ż˻һĨܱĺڵúãֻҪֵ»һ˻ţͲʦóѣ
ﻰһڣ̶ߺһͳһʱɱ׼
׵ŤˣҧسĬãٶȺǷҪˣҲգһȺбѵ׻ǣȻǲҾͽȫɱ⣡
˵ʱͼ˫кɱʮ㣬Ȼɱˡ
Ȼ϶˵£֮˭Ĳ£սӦéɽɻɽկأд󲿷˶ȥΧ֪ͨϰתƻûõսѽ治ࡣ
ٿֵܼͬһ̱վվˣʲô
׵ȻѾѪɱۣ˦֮˫ѾʮһŻֽţͬʱɽСǧֵ𡪡˾ҵĵڶޡ
뵲ҵ·һоɱʮһˣټŮƬ֮ɱǡ
˵׵ͷСɨһۣͼСҲѾڴͳһس˹
ԸŮɱʮ㣬ǰʣϺһȺ˶Щݣ֪˵Ķ֣ȴûеһƺѾ˱ľġ
ʯȼҹ֮ʣһ΢ȴȺ
ôéɽţø㲻ͺˣ


694 ƽһս
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ò״Ⱥ˹ȥɨ׵һ֮ͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵ĺéɽɵǲǣھø㣬˰ɣľǳأҵһٸȥȡ
⻰һڣ׵˲ס۾Ȼ֪˵ʲôǺˣٿˣֵܼڣҲȫѾɵۣ˵ʲô˼Ǻòװ˹Ȼô򵥾Ҫéɽ˵λùˣ
ֹֻéɽеһҲѾسŶˣôôéɽǰëС縺Ϊ︮éɽص㣬ô֮ܰλóȥ
ҲóȥĻֻ
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ǡ㽫éɽŵλø˵Ļ
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΢΢һЦ⻰һڣ׵־һ£ٶȵ˵ҪңΪʲôҪ
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һ˵׵ȻһЦ˵⻰˵ģѵҾͲõǴɨ𣿡
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ӣΪɱôéɽӣ˶Ҫɱǣ˵ˣôеĸԸĸ㣿
⻰һڣǰһ뻹Ц׵˲佩ӲסȻѾ˶㻰˼
ͼһЦѾ˵밡éɽɵ֮éɽĵǿ϶ɢɣʱéɽϾֻǸŮڣÿɨǰԺɨԺɨԺ񣬹ÿ϶۸ҪǮĻҽȹ͸˽˰ĦʦÿҲ˸ʲôģٺ١ѽԣҪǮ˽˰ĦʦĻֱӹͼ˰ŸɻҲ
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׵СѾͷƬ˵ƿüͷȻʣã˵ô죿
ܼ򵥣ȻéɽԼ£ȻԼҿҪǲ˽ᣬǾԲĵģ

˵⻰׵ʱһŵãǾãž׵Ц˵СѾͷҪҾ治֪ߵغ񣡡
ѾΨһķˣĻܸܲʯͷӲŰɣ֮Ӯ㣬ϣԶéɽӮңéɽ֮λҹͣһʵ滹ʤùңҲõĳ֮еӶˣ˵ǲǣ
˵껰׵üͷһ˼ͻȻͷ˵ǺãҾӦսڽéɽ򸣹̫Ԫǰһ¡
˵껰׵Сʹ˸ɫŮתߡ
Ѿ˳ȥһȺ˸ϽΧ˹ƴؿ޶ǴȻôõĻ֮ϾҪǸոһȺѾһ߾ʬˡ
˶佱ĻǴʱһ˵Ҹողǻ֮ƣǿЦ˵ġ
㻰һڣΧһƬĬ
㣬㣬𣿡һ̱ڵϾʵ
磬ҲǷˣˡ
̾˿ǿһ˿Ц˵׵Ϊéɽŵλþ˶ʮ꣬˶ϵĻѱ˵ˣôĶбİ취Ҷᱻɱġ
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һһȺֵܸŶ˹׵ʱ¶ŭݣһ֣С˵һȥžͼ׵һЦָ̧ԼĶ˵СѾͷ飬ǲСУɲҪұ𰡡


696 л
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ЦѿǲҪЦ˰ɡ
㻰һڣϵıٶȽӲȻ˫֮ȴ˼ݵɱ
ⲻܣԲܣ
СĲ£˵׵Ѿվ㣬ǰѾŵֻ˼̨ϵλϺιéɽУɱéɽɵ֮ˣѵǾ
ΪéɽУΪã֤˶Ϊéɽѡ
Ȼǣ
׵ŭغոѾ˵˭ھлʤ˭éɽţӮˣ⽩ʬͻȻɱɱСѾͷƾʲôҪ֮λ
ǵ΢΢һЦû˭ھлʤéɽţԼҲˣ⽩ʬΪã붡ķʲôֱ𣿵㣬Լ챻ʱȻԼŮǰæףԶһŶԣƾʲôéɽŵλӣ
ǡ
׵˲ŭȻʱΧһȺéɽѾ׷׶Ϊź׵߳ŭȴ֪죬һСĲһ;Сϡ
һʮ㣬šžһ죬Сһĵأһʱ䣬Χ˶סΨ׵ŭ̱ڵСݺ˵ո˭ģ
֣ң㡭
Ȿ֮ľһ٣˶
˵䣬׵̧־Ҫ򣬶СѾŵͷ˵ˡ
ۿ׵־Ҫ£ҲߵȺǰ棬ҲȥˣƴȫȥһѾ߬ס׵
׵ʧɫȻû˵ҵһѾ׼ؿڣȫһƣءһзȴѪɫɫĵ𡭡
ըһ˲䣬׵һҽѾɳ˼Զšͨһ˵ϣʱҲѾ̱صϥ£վʹˡ
ףľǸ̬
Һݺݵһۣ˵ѾʹһˣҪȻĻҷһư쵰˲ɣСĵԲ㣿ôõһСΪ˰ɥĲĸףϧԼĺԣΪ˾㲻ϧֻԲбĽʬأ㻹ǲˣ
ȻѾûһҧվСҲһ𣬶С֮ĵһٶǽҵĸ첲˦Լĸ˹ȥ
֣û°ɡ
ܵ׸ǰСȴһ˦С֣ݺݵʣΪʲôΪʲôʹéɽĸ߽׵
׻һڣСҲһԽŵʵǰȶ̵ģʲôʱѧУéɽ㲻Ҫǲǣ
ٺ٣ոտһΣҾļ
˵껰ͻȻҼһ£΢Ц˵ӦȻħѾСӣǰ;ˡ
ͱ̼ˣҶˡ
αΣһжԹڤڤ֮аţħΪʦϹᣬǵĸ
˭֪˵ʱͻȻͼڶ㱳͵һѾñ佫ӵһٶ˵ϣɻûȴҷӦȴǽʬһΣٶ¶ķŭ


700 
ͻȻŭΧ˶һéɽڵӸٶȳ׼ýĵѾеľϺݺݴȥ
Ȼʱȴһתú󱳽㵲סͬһʱ䣬̡ءһըһҫ۵ĵ
˲佫󱳰סһҽУҲڿ壬ԭ׵ûһ׻Ҫ͵Ϯ㣬һʱиɫ̫ڣȻûע⵽ʱ֣Լ廤ס˶㡭
ۿϣ˶סʿľ˰λ
ٿһûܵ˺ͻȻԴ͵һתΣѽǼľȫ۶ϣŵһȺʿˣȫɵۡ
ƺǣȻַŭػͷ׵һŭ˻Ȼֳ׵ȥ
һԼ׵ʱ¶ŵصһȻ֮ǰѾվվˡ
ΣͷͼСѾԼ׵ǰ͵һѾͽױ뻳УԼĺ󱳵ס׵塣
ۿѾ˵ǰпûʲôŮĸ̧־һ˫צ׺ݵسС󱳴ȥ
һʧɫȻŭֹȴȫǣȻΪ׵Ҫ͵Ϯ㣬Լ׼ŭ
Ȼ˫צӼСʱȴȻֹϱһ䣬ͬȫӲסһ㣬ˡ
ҲѾŵò֪ˣһʱǰվ͸һû˸˵һ仰ˡ
ǼҲһ˴վĵطܿİΧѴݻȥͼǱ龪д壬õĽʬ첻µز£Ϊʲôֵı飿ǻûм
ʱͻȻͼʬһӲѾһ͵һתצسŶϿ˹ȥӺͻȻһءֽ˵սľ
ͨԽʬѪʬľ飬ֵؽѾİǴӽʬӲõĺзģƺʬħһеԢԣһβһľ棬ΧˣΣռ١
ı֣һδ˾ȣһδдĽŸи˲ͬΧˣרעسŶϿȥҲɵظŻͷ˲䶼ס
ķϣ¹£ͼһһŮˣ΢裬ȴ
ҶɻŮǴӺζʱͻȻͼŮ˾ǻǰżһ㣬Ѿ¹¡ಡһſյط
һϽȥŮѾ˾ԶĵطǴЦһϵıȴѾñ֮ǰҪӵĽţŭӺﴫǹءҲñ֮ǰӼ
ŮǱ˵ģ֮ǲһʱٶȳĬΧĵʿ˽ΪʲôиŮͻȻڷϡ
ʱѾľ׵СҲѾתͷŮ˹ȥ˲䵹һ衭衭
СһڣٶȾסһŮҲѾĵתͷٶȾס
ͼǺһĨаЦŮòĸͷֱöһޣΨһĲͷһë׵ö
С衭죿
éɽɽµСöᵽ
죬éɽɵһŮӣʦéɽɵ׻ʦëС㶼ӦýһʦŶԡ
ʮǰéɽ٣ɽɽǰһ걻ɽȥ׵Ӵһ︮ʼΪ︮Чվ飬СȻʮǰȴΪ׵︮е϶ֵǰ뿪︮Ӵ˶ħ𼣡
׵ȥѾˣԭ뿪︮Ϊ͵͵éɽӦСȻ뿪︮ԼɷŮ֮ʼķڼǰһγħʱöȣӴ˳Ϊѣöò
ȻһŮ죬һŰ׹̴СڴܳڵϻΪöģһ¶棬һһ¶Ͻ˹ȥһѾͽԷ§סĴЦ죬кööû˰ɣá
û˵꣬öͻȻһ㶣ֻƬ̼ĹͻȻءһȻըһǺ˲ͽöײõ˳ȥһΣڿը˰׹⡭
ͻı仯˶ʧɫѵ˵ŮΪԼɷŮģ
ۼöﱻˣСϽеö
Сһöİ׹ϽС֮УžöСڴ
ԣоǰͬ졭
öﻰŸһڣ̨֮ϵУѾһ˳캰죬һֱûôʱɣѵ˵ҲͬҪǿռéɽɣ
ν򳪸棬ǿռéɽ
һЦ׵ѾǿվԵսľƹȥ֮󣬵ײײؾǰЦһ˵Ҿ֪ǲǸŮܵģ죬һ֮
׵û˵꣬ȻһҽС


701 ʬ
ͼͻȻһס׵ĸ첲û׵ӦѾһڳĲӺݺҧȥ
С˲侪㵣ΧΧ۵СʿҲŵñɫһӳ˹ϽŶˣͬʱһŭ𣺡Сģʬ
һڣΧʱһƬȻȻĿǰõĽˡ
ٿСۿԼĸҧԼĸף˲ʧɫ̵Լ裬ѾȫȻ˵һ仰ˡ
㵽Ǻη
ҸϽӺȡȻܲչ鲻ϣһΧļֵܺһȺʿǸǸϽٶȽ˱ս״̬
Ȼڿ죬ȴڿޡ
ͻ˲䶼סٿ죬Ѿ޵ˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɱȻдҲô̡
ֻС޺ҲŹ㡭ŹµСС
ͻȻСС־סʱͼƺתԼŮȥȻоͷ·һڸκӡһԽŤȥȴԽǰͷ
ŹҰɡ㡭ŹҵŮɡ
ͻȻ䣬ȻһЦЦѾñ¡
Źٺ٣Ҳʧȥʲôζ˰ɣôִ֮£һһ棬أǸŮˡ
ɫٶһ䣬ݺҧҧǸŮˣҵʱ䣬һ涼ûܼ
㣬Ҳ뺦̫ˡֱǸħ
ħܺãǾ͵ǶħˣٶħҪôǣٶħԻøһ㡭
㡭ŹҵŮòã㡭
ںԼɷŮʲôأֲ̫ˣԼĸףҲʱؿΪѵ𣿡
˶ΧȴԼڸԼԻһоסˡ
ôˣ
ǳ׿ɵˣΪڻԷǺηʥԼǵѣȴҲ
ȻʱȴСѾӵĨһᣬͻȻ˹ȥ裬ΪʲôҪɱְ֣Ϊʲô
˵䣬һѾ߬סĸ첲쵱һ
Ҫңܣܰ
⻰ȻѾ˵ˣ˵⻰ͬһʱ䣬ԼѾ̧ݺץСĲӡ
ƲȻѾûʱȥֹˣʱߵĶһȣˣ
ֻ˵֣ȻָһڣͼǰԶʱ̧˫ۣ͵һ¾ͽץСֱ۸˿
ʮ㣬һ²һ˲䣬ǰһ뻹ƽ͵ɫѱޱȡ
ͽҸԣһɱ
û䣬ͻȻŽʬȥõĽʬȻҲʾһθ첲Сײ֮ǰһѾһš
ȫɵۣʱͻȻԾö˵ĲԲ죬Ƕɻӹأɲġ
Ǹʲô羪ʵ
һʣ˫üҡҡͷͻȻֿ˵ǡܾҵĸоϤĶ
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼѾ˵ǽǴôҳһǼֵܺԽĽʬȴһƵˣôأ
Ȼɵ۵ĲֻǣҲ¶˼ɫϾһǿޱ˾µĽʬ϶ûôѲŮˡ
ʱѾַЦ
˵ѡǸȫһˣʵ˱ҲǾţһëѡ
һ⻰ŭʱһŭ˫һȻᡱһֳȥһȻ첢ûʲô㣬ֻ˫ֻסĿڣȻס۵糸һǱײʮԶµĵשȵ÷飬һӡǡ
˵ʵôȷʵ˵ãǻûϺͿ
һסΣٶЦɲػ㲻ǸССͽѡ
һ˵ĪĻͻȻһɨ˰һ֮󣬳˵ʲôûУ
΢΢ףȻǸ뵽һȥˣۿѾһţἰ⻰뵽һ
ǡ
һһڣٶȵ˵ͷü˵ĻǱٻʱ˵ػߣΪˣҲ˵֮ǰӦûˣѵ˵ʲôϵ
˵ٶȳ˹ȥϸ۲죬Ȼӿûʲô𣬵ǴӸ򶷵ǾͶȴԵЩŤ֫ЩӲƵġ
Ĵʬ
˲䵹һػǵĴʬ֮һ
һڣȻּ̧һ׻䲢ǴҲǴ죬ǴӼֳ嵽һмλáءһը˿רսϽһ˿


702 ط
׻һը첻Լͬس˹Ͻسһֻͣ֡һ仰Ѿһñֱһˡ
ٿ죬Ŀ̰سɨһۣͻȻһ촽˵һӣѵҲԲɣ
Ҫѻǵˡ
ҹǰһɨһ֮ʵ㲻죬ô㵽ʲôˣ
ȷʵ졣
Ц˵ǶӲСҸ˯ʱɱȻҪңٺ٣ùȱһá
㸽
üͷʣôéɽʲô
뿴ѣȻһΪѾˣҲϲսҲûҪֻ˵ĺˣΪĿǰΪֹ׵ǡ
˵ѣ׵
Ǻǣ䡣
Ц֮Իֻ˵ִ̫ԲսѣҲ˳ȴԹⲻǺܺӴǣ޹רҵЩҪжŻ
Ȼ׵ô˵ѵǡ
һû˵꣬ٶȿڴҵĻֻ˵֣Ѿƿԡ
Ӧ
סĲֻң˵ɫ˲䣬ʱһߣ˵½ңħգҲµҲѹǴԶֻټһ棬ֻһ棬ͺܺáȴû뵽ҾһѾǵ
㣬˵Ӧǣѣ
Ȼأ
һڣȴҡҡͷ˵ʵҲδʲôѣϾҪҵɱĳҲΪұ˳𣬺ٺ٣ҲŲɱǡ
㵽˭
ٶȾʣȴֻ˸Ц˵ɽѾݼˣȻԶˣ˰ɣϾľֻ˼䣬ֻĴƶԴҵѾˣִĹҲˡ
˵ŻͻȻתͷ㵵СһЦ˵ֶʲôģҲ̽ҵĹ˶ѣûץ˸Сʿ׷ʲô£ȻǿҵִҪɽˣôҪ𣿡
ҡ軹ҡ
СȻҲѾŪ࣬վһ˦֣˫Ѿʮ׻
û뵽ЦǺǣҲԣʵɲأΪʵʵŲҲŹġ
˵䣬ѾٶȳС˹ȥС˦ּʮ׻֣ȻƬ֮ѱݶ˹ȥ
С
ٶһŭԭزѾ˹ȥȻҲѾȥˣ˵ϵ˴ܴĸֵܼ붼ûͶȥϾҪ
Ǽסʱ򣬶Ѿͻޱ仹ЩСקһԣһҪСʱŭͻȻһХǺֱ͸޳ңǺ͵һ˫ۣѾųһɺײõ˳ȥٿ죬˫ѾŰɫĹâ
Աһʱһѵѵ㡭
ѾϾȥˣձ̵ϽֳŮȥȻƺǼսȥһΣѾֳŶСߵķȥ
վס
ּۿ죬һҪȥץСո첲ʱ͵ذεض˫Ϻݺһߣһ˲͸ǹӵһಡһͳıײ˹ȥ
췴ӦʱѾһͷײıϣסĲһͨһͰ˵ϡ
ҧ㡭
һžµҧȻʱѾŷ˲䵹һһڣѾҧҧȥˡ
Ϊµ죬Ѿ˲ˡ
ǧѩģ
Ǻǣ㵹ҧ
ǧѩһЦѾԲ۾ȫסԱҲȫɵۡ
ʱ粻ǧѩͻȻ͵һѾץסĲӣԱߺݺһ˦Ѿ˦ȥٶվ
ΪΪʲôᡭ
һǧѩӵ羪ͼǧѩһЦ˵⸱ò𣿺ٺ٣Ů·ģʱˣ治򵥣ѹ֮󣬻ǵһôѲĶ֡
˵ǧѩıٶЦ÷ŭֺ̧ݺݵسԼһͣҧҧ˵Ů˵ңһܸϵϺټһģʲôˡ
㣬Сѩôˣ
УƴֳǧѩҾ㣬˺Сѩһëһж˿飡˵
ж˿飿㵹
ǧѩЦ˵ܶļ䣬ȻҲ֪ǵĹϵҶһôÿô˺أǲǣ
˵һûΣǾԲ˺ǧѩģҪȻĻոҧȥһҲ;ͣסˡ
ҾȵĳǧѩҲŮ֮⣬һ£Ƿ˼
ǧѩ
ͺүԼ±ɵȥ𣿿ɰŮ˵ǧѩȻڸģһˡ


703 Ů
뵽⡱һ˲䵹һ
ѵ˵ү£
ûҴ֮зӦͼǧѩʮָʼ΢΢ָݻƷ
ԭɱǣǼȻѰ·Ҳ´ɱ䣬ٶͼ
ǧѩһڣⶼסڵıֹȻѾǸ׼ŭˡ
éɽ󣡡
һŭһȺéɽѾΧҿʼСͻȻһ˦֣Ѿֳǳ˹ǰ
֣軹ң
С˫Ŀͨ죬˦ּ伸ŷѴС
ǧѩһЦܺã㲻ѰҲŹģʡˡ
˵ŻǧѩͻȻצһ̧ѾСȥȻûǰ˳ԶѾͻȻԱߴȥ͵һѾ߬סǧѩĸ첲ŭҪŵ򣬿Сѩң
صǴΣ壬ͷ˾Ȼ˵ôҪĻΨһһ
ŮȻһףּ̧һצӳץ˹ȥʱɱһ
Ȼ϶ˣɴұϾҲܸɿŲܣ̶ȥҪæû뵽һȺ֮Ůȴм磬ȻǼڵҪԸס
ۿǴһƬȣһȺéɽʿȻҲѾסˣҲߺԼµһȺܹæת˲֮һȺѾĽǧѩһСΧмΧ˸ˮйͨһȺΧһСѾͷ飬ǿɻǵһȫκģϾôһȺһȴ޷κŮɱ
ͼŮÿһ̧צӣǲҽһĹ򣬺üŵѾצϣڵҽ
Ҳ֣֮ϸЩéɽӵ˿һצ˵˿ڲѪҡһѪɫϸɳ˿ܱ߿ʼɳͬɳϵ䡭
һʿ˿λĵطŲҽ˿ڽɳûõĹѾɢѪɳžડһ˵ϡ
һ£ҸȫҴˣ˵⵽ʲôֵƤͻ˲ɳ⻹ô
һҽ˷һĹ򣬼ԲһЩéɽʿѾڵϣ˫ָ׻µ˿ͬʼѪɫɳΧĵʿǸŵɫ԰ףҽӽˡ
ʱͻȻһѴȺ洫
ãҪɱѵͲܸҸӣ
ǻһͻȻͼŮɫһ䣬һüͷһΣѾһɢһŷɳͷߣһ£Ҹȫɵۣһɳԣô˺˶Էأ
ѭǷߵɳһͼǴԷɳҹ֮ͻȻ֮ԶǺЦǰһ֮˲ֱǧѩģ
Գ͵Ůʱ΢΢һЦֿڵû뵽㣬ֲܾϵζôϤء
ȻŮʶ
һʱⶼסûȷӦͼŮѾüͷش˰죬ͻȻһ㣬磿
ٺ٣ң˭þò
شŮŵõ˵ۣϴ˰˵ǣô⸱ģˣÿҵʱǡ
Ů˵ܹسգۣŮر죬һЦ˵ˣ㲢ñ˿ģԲԣ
Ǻǣžɡ
΢΢һЦ˵ӣ¹һսҾҲûм㣬ȥ㣬˵㾹ӦУǿϧû뵽ʱôǻ
˵ȦȻѾͨͨˣǴһ
ʱŮ΢΢һЦ˵ǰѾ̫ûмˣΪһϲˣû뵽㻹ϳлл
ҵȻϵãŮˣԶǣ
˵ġ⸱ƤҰɡ
ŮͻȻ̧Լ¶һ˵ıȻȴֻҡҡͷЦ˵˵㣬㣬
˵
ŮһڣͻȻһͻȻ͸ƤһһϸϸĻɳǻɳ䣬һѴһ˶ŵþ
Żɳ䣬ͼ¶һɫĿȻǵķɫҲǻɫģһȣֱ˵ǰ׵ˣΪֻɫֱƵˣҿݵϸǶһĺȦڵˣȦ˫ûʣֻŻɫİâټȻûͷ˿һ
ܷϵǣ˵û⿴ٵĻúټֱޱȵľ£ȻλһĶҲЩˡ
ڣһ𣿡
ŮͻȻһЦȻȴᶨƵĻش𣺡̫ˣѾǧûмôŮˡʵ벻㣬Ȼͽйءѵ˵ҲǴ˵нǵĸػ֮һ
ҵĻ֪
ŮһЦͻȻ̧˵Լ̫ѨλãЦ˵磬Щһֱ״̬㿴ˣյŮ˵˼УȻйļ䣬Ǻǣ㾹ȻЩħ֮ǱΪ顭Ӵ㾹Ȼ
ιιιܲЩ𣿡
ƺЩΣŮЦЦͻȻͷɨһۣŽ˵ԭЩ˶ѣǣһЩȤ


704 Ů
˵ŮͻȻ֣˵ȻѣҿȷŹһϾһиҪȥҲൢʱ䡭
˵䣬ŮѾֱǧѩģḧԼգЦЦ˵ŮˣҲһգǸöð
˵תҪ뿪ϽںסٶȾȵȵȣҪȥĶ
ұҲ֪Ҫȥҵһж򣬶ǰּġ
ŮͷЦЦ˵˵ûҾǱѡеĸ֮һϹԢԿأأǽգΪǵػߣڽǸյһ̣Ҳȫ˹ֻϧ˲£Ȼȴһͽ
˵ŻŮԶһ˹ȥٶЦͬŮ֮ȴԺлȡһЩƺȽ˼鱨ҿһӵĵʿ׵ͷͺ룬ڲɱԼͬ
˵ˣпһٿСͰˣҲѾ˲ɫ
ӣͷͺ뻨ףѵ˵
أʲô
һʣŮȴδ˵ͻȻЦѻ̳ڿն𡭡
ȵȣҰѻ˵꣡ѻ˵갡
ѭŮߵķ׷˹ȥȻ׷ûԶΪƹضĵأʱͻȻһŭӱѾѭҵķ˳ȥŭ˭һСѩң
Ű˱°ƺѾʧȥǣֱײؾͳǰɽǽײ˹ȥ嵽ǽ͵һѾǽڴ
뿪ֵǸǶʧɫһľǰ壬СɡչӣҡΣս׷Σʵﶼס
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ӦʼЧڻƵۣһֱǻƵĲƵ۲ĽԼıŮɽϣӦɽأԱ㱣Ůɡ
ǺأûʲôԽŮɵİѵʱһŮɻǸƭӣ

ͻȻնغһҡͷԵ˵׼ȷ˵Ůɴһʼ֪Ǹƭӡ

ʵ֮ɽΪһˡӦ
˵̾˿ֽ˵ӦƵңΪƵ۳۳ķ֮ϽŮΪƵ֮Ůû뵽˳ĺȥվ飬ȴڻݶһֱ˵赱Ȼһֱ
ҧҧֹ˵Ƕͻˣ˵ҪˡҪͷиͷΪʲôÿҶֻ̥±ǴǱ̥ǴǱ̥Ϲس˶ûǶǱ̥˼Ҷƾ̫꣬Ƕզأ
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СһŮɣٶ̾Ϣһ
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˵ͷ˵ʵм飬Ӧö֪ɽΪϹΪ֮ڣ˼䣬ɽˡɽиż׼֮Ϊһ

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˵ˣٶ̾룬Ϊˮ֮ƣֻϹʱˮʧܣɽͬѰ׼֮Ժˮŵô
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ԣǲǣ˵֮쳣𾪡
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ûһ֮ҵ˵Ѿսȥû뵽ûȼؾͱ˸ץˣٺһҧ˷粮ȣˡ
ŮأŮɺôˣ
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ΪѾ׵ױħˣóªޱȡ
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˵һαǰδеĶƸУҲ⣬ϾһοԵΨһߡ
ˮʱӦΪӦ֮࣬սվӪУɱ񡭡
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һڣҲɵһ㶣˵ôأŮɿǻƵ۵ŮҲ˵˼񲻶ԼΪʲôҪħ
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֪Ĭ˶֮󣬲˵֮ǰ˵ǡһֱǲԼĺֵ֧ʱĲ֪С㾹ȻŮתҲ֪Сڵǧ굤֮Һӣʲôĺֵô򵥡ܣֱɽһ̣ɻҵҸŮħս屻˺飬ʶħʬ屻һͬߣȴųʲôڸƭ£˵ɽľλá
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شľ֮Сۣ֮Ϊ֮裬߰Ҷޣʵ裬ľɒԻľľǹͨ˼һ꣬㺺Ƕһ֦ͭҶܡʵݡޡ壬ľϹǲ˽ĽľģͣԹĤݡľԭɽڣҺ͸ֻص֮⣬û֪䣬ɺڸò֮ȴ˵©죬´ƲнľĹŶɱػľľɵʱͬվһһλԷľֲ˹ɽڣѹЩϹħԹ꣬粨һжҶҡľǸǧˡ
˵ŻͺݺݵسԼٶʵΪôҵӴܣ׷ɱҵĶħ֮𣿲Щд˼ħޣ˭ҡЦңѻںһֲֻܽʹ࣬ϡ


707 ˵ҵ
ʧʱͻȻ̧ڡë￪ʼͰͣͳһ汦˺ʼĨᣬ̾˿˵֮ұˣһǧ̫ų̫̰Ҳ̫ȫˡ
Ҳ̫ѹȥ˾͹ȥˣ㲻ҲѾ֪ڹˡ
С㼫Ҫοȴҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ھ֪ôһжزȥˣҵĻҲǳսǲܡ
ǰˣֺγһأ
ͻȻڣҶ˹ȥ΢Ц˵ħ֮սս˫Ϊ˸ԵսþƱѣչҲһ鷲ܻ֮ã룬ӦþͺӦһҲǸǳִ˰ɣӦΪ治ϧͬ塢ѰˣҲģΪΪ໻ȡɣϧеЩϹħǧⲻͬҲһֱ˵ħһûǴ磬ȻȨгưԣվūԼΪʲôҪһȺǧٹֵħָӲٿأ࿪ʼûдҲͬվΪÿ˶лɵȨ𣿡
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һ˵꣬ٶ˳Ĭ˺ܾ֮󣬲ͻȻ̧ͷüͷһǵضŰʵأңǳ˫ԡҲԵս֮Уôѡ񣿡
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ᶨƵѡ͵ĵŵһޣ룬ȻܳΪһ֮ʼһ֮棬ĤݣȻǸҲˣߣݱȴжȴǼᶨƵվ˵һѡ·żҼصĵ
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⻰ͻȻ۾ЦɲǿԼ˵ģûԹ˭֪

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㻰ûأءһŶûߣֱײǽھͽˣһԵ۵ֱĿڡ
ѽѽľѽöǮġ


708 ȫԱ
ҲеڰѶŪéɽˡ
λһ־Ů졢Сåһ޷졢ֻ㻰ĽʬǵðéɽĶ˲ɡ
һŭس˽ŵҸϽɿ˶Ķ䣬СѾͷǳпɽˣҿǲ
ʱ˵С磬֮ǽ뿪
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˵ؿϴһȭδ۵ҵʱһ죬Ѿߵ˰ԣ̧żŸһߣ۵ðʱһһͨһϡ
ֳ̧ûԪɡվŵСɨһۣ̾˿˵С㣬ɡǹȣ㵱Լ׿ְ
˵һΣȷʵĿǰǵƴéɽǧ̨ɽȥ⣬ͺڡ
һ뵽ַ˳ɾʱһԵ̾ЦСʵҺͶ˼һģöϢһϣҪôż뿪úãϾǽ˵̫ˣúĻɽҲʲôˣ˵ˣͺʵȫòŵġ
ΪʲôҾʵ
΢΢һЦ˵һ·ôˣҲδ̫͹˰ɣͺȻɵеçײһֱʲôʱǹ鷳ɴأ˵ˣͺڵʴһڣܱġ
ڣʲô˼Ҳɵʵ
ǻû˵֧Ϊӡ޷ӳԭʵȴһһĻع鵽ӵϡ
ôһ˵һȷʵҲѾһ㡣
ǵʱ򣬺ˮͻð̹⡢˲˹ޱˮѣһ뿪ˮ֮ǹͻʧٺϵǹƺԽԽˣѾ֧ı仯ѾҪˮԴ仯ȫҪκʱذԼ仯֧ģһˮﻹ½ضʩչɳٶȷʵǴһˡ
ʱ˵ñ仯ʵԣ֪ϸ۲ûС
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СһƲ˵оǱرǰˣʱ·ÿ·ߵϲһСʱ
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һЦֽ˵ѣӦһսһѾõõ֣˵ĳɳٶ̫ˣĻǾѾǵĶˣֺαصأǶൣĵԼưɡ
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һ˵꣬Ƕ˵ͷ˵Ǳʵ𣬰ΪˣССΪǧ굤֮壬ʱϾһ㵹죬ǷѵȻʿʮ֮߰ǰδӴڵǱֱһˮһһͷȻһʰָǳֳ֮ͣģһʵķȻûñȡ˵ӣΪ˵еġɽһֻǸ𣿻ˮͩɽ֧ڵֿʮ񣬸콫ַ󾹲ܵɽһսļǧΧ֧ֳ֧ͭɱ˷ǧȴ޷Ǳǵɲˡ
һ仰˵ðƿԣǰѾͷ֪˵ʲôǺˣϾⷽ棬һֱơ
˵꣬Ա͵Ц͵͵ɨ˰һ˵ߣոջ˵Լã˽Ҵ˰ɣԭ̫
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Ͻҡιȥֻ˹һ֮ɵüͷϽ˽
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ΪΪ749ڸéɽ·ϣܲǱȫ749һж


709 ȥδ
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ﻰһڣ̾ʵСߣҪȥĶ
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һٶֻһéɽҲסһʱ䲻֪ôźˡ
ûϷʣֻͷһ˵λϣʦȫϵֵͬһ㣬Ϊȫ֧ɽӣҲǵˣκ·ڸ׵Ĺƻéɽжԣ´֪롭λϷ䡭
ͻȻ˵ôһ˲䶯ݣéɽ϶οص˵ͷ
ֻһλۺӣͷ˵Ϊéɽ½ɽկĹϵȷʵéɽ˺ܴʧڶéɽɥԼ︮ĲĹϵˣ㵱ȻѲ˸ϵ
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ڵˮȻüͷ˵֪ﲻˡԸܷƾéɽλϷ䣬ֻһ󡭡
˵һ˵
һ֮ΪֵǶϾǶҲ·ģΪ׵ƭλһ棬Щͬʹֵǰɡ
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ǳ˵Żһ߽ӣֻǳ˵ȥһȫռֱ࣬︮˽ӹܣ
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ﲢѵãԼµĹȻԼֲ
⵱Ȼûûһֱҽᣬȴֻˣ̰֮⣬ҲûħɹʲôʧϮéɽҲǱͽ˶ѣڰ︮⼸סˮɵļ϶ᱻͷϣǺ
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ţȻѾʽΪéɽɵţ룬Ӧǡ
һ⻰ڣ̱ʾͬǺ׷׽ڴĿ⳯Ŷ˹ȥ⵹öΪ
ȿ˿λɫֿ˿Ա߲ɫİսĿϣһ˵ͷˡ
ʲô
֮ǰҪ︮ϴʧɫһ̾ţ⣬ⲻðɣϾǡ
ʲôôҪ𣿡
΢΢һЦǳ˵ϣҲֻǸ¶֮ǰҲΪ淸󣬿ҵʦëСȴҡ硢ССǸûзңңҪȻĻҲΪéɽһɽ֮ˡ𡭡
㻰һڣոջֹ˲ƿԡ
Ĭ֮󣬲ż̵˵ͷһ˳Ŷһ˵ʺȷһֱȻӯȴû˸һθаĻᣬéɽ£Ը
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⻰ǸмӯϽ˸ĿһתֳŰ˹ȥ
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ҡ
ڱһԥĬһ²ʵ㣬Ҫߣ
᲻ãҲȽ顣ٺһЦٶͨ졣


710 ȥδӣ2
˲ƿԣȻְЦˣʵҲѹ֣Ц滰ÿһ仰ɹԷ磬ֻԴ
֪λشˣûټȥЦЦ˵СɵӣǿЦġ
⻰ٶһ㶣죬ȴû˵ʲô
ֻЦʵףǻкܶҪôĺأĵɣ£ټ١
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ȵȣ
ۿѾߵſڣͻȻһһ˲䣬͸ʯһԭء
ССߡ׹̾ɽһа֮ս޷⣬ΪΪʦˣܲԴΪءԲ𡭡
û˵һֱ泯⣬̧ͷе¡
Ρ磬˷ܵʤ飬㡭㡭ԸԸԸ⡭ԸԸ⡭
һǻ˵ֱƵģǶֱţ޲һŰⱿ߿ļʹʹ˵
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ճڣ͵תֱ˰ĻУ˫ֽӵһ˲䣬еƺѱøӵʣһۡ
һѺﲻ뿪ˣûΪб룬أαأ
ʱһȺѾɽȰߣٶȻص˴һӣ͸оһ·Ǹոۻδ΢紵ɢǽͷöġ¡Ҳ˲䱻Ժ·𶼰˲١
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ֻСʿֻ˵ǸոռɽĴؿ⣬ʳ֮ĴƷ޷֮⣬ֵֿǮϸȫϴһգĻƿƿѾˡ
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˵ŻСĬĬڵأƺֻéɽӹˣȻéɽĵʿǲûԼǶ˹ȥСЦЦ˵鷳ϰ֣ʲôϵСνТΪȣʵΪҲûд
㾹ȻҪˡСϼͬһʱվһŶŭĿӣһ˸ȺţŸոձ度ǣɲ١
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ͷһЦ˵λϣЩʵòһ˵ڱ׵֮¡ŻпԭСȴûκһԵ£ȹǡ
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ֻ΢΢һЦٶȿ˵С硢磬ȥ̽ˮկʱСһֱСץǣǻǵðɣ
˵Ƕ˵ͷŴӶ˵ԭʱС֮󷨽סץֻδҺ﷢򶷣ӶˣץʱССչ˵ĸҪҶȫ
һ˵ǻȻôһ˵СǰǲСæϾȭֻۣᱻЩ龫ֵɽˡ


711 
˵꣬λҲٶ˵ʲôϾ˵ûȻСûվһǣʵҲûʲôкϸ¸ûκֱӹϵȫ׵ԹҰɵġ
λϵͷĬϣˣٿСһľɫԭأһû뵽ڷôĴ֮󣬾Ȼܵõéɽԭ¡
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⻰СĬ
УŮӰȥ٣ԻһŷɳҲҵõǸ⣬Ҫ֮Σ㶼ܾȻ衭
ܲԼ趼ȡ
˵䣬СѾʪ˫ۡ
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һһڣСҲ˹§סСļůůһЦ˵ǰȻŮȥĵطͬģò˶ǾͻģȥƴĻȫûκʤ㣬ʲôҲᵣѹ嶯ǹԹԵϢĺá
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Ȼһпܶ׵ļƻ֮Уţ˵ⷬʱСд㺾ԲǼٵģϾļٲˣٵҲ治ˡ
һҹС̱ڶĻ˺ܾãµСٲȻѾһĺýãСéɽ飬ټнʬĻӣüͶֱǣǷ˲١
ȻۣǰȫéɽǵĻҲʽˡ
һ֮󣬼ɫѾ̫ˣéɽǸϽΪ׼˼ϷǺúϢǱߵ׷ʲôǻ֪˭˯أ
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ŶͼéɽСʿѾʼԸԼĻˣݡˮɨá緹ǵײСʿÿĹ
éɽԼéɽλϸߵĵƺһҹû˯ڶ˶СܶéɽĹأָÿձĹſһͼСѾͷڵһùǷȻһéɽϣЩӦ
ʱѾˣéɽۣͯҪ˸ԻãͷϴϵУһ˻СõģƤи˼־Ź֡


712 Σ
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ʱСҲѾˣիһ÷
ڡšʻ㣬ҵȻİ˵ԼǸ·ҵİӵʿûʽŵĴŵľһһп˵ĹػǷ࣬Էʱһ㣬ʲô̸֮ܽܶǰҪȶԹڹٽ׼
˭ûҪ͵͵һʲ֪ԭλһλڷΤӵɽ񽫣ɽţɽǵҵ
֮һȺꤵĵŵӸҪǰԼλվãֿʼ׼٣ʦվұߣԹһһҸͽի
νףǰһϵйҵǻأֱʱеӦˣǰС㿴Ӧ磬Ͼ˴СүĿĵ³󣬶ЩŷڣȻᳵ·ˡ
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һЩೣ֪ʶһ˽ģֱʱϸһ-24ҲǴ¹װֱÿһֱĲ涼ð֡749Ȼ749ֵڵˡ
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ͼһѪܵһڵͼعƬĽǶƺһعеֻġ
˵ΧѪ߰ߣƬܿʮ߲ڵصʬ壬Щ죬ԶſڵϵʬֱǴӵϳģƺһ
ѵûԣһʬĲλãԿһɼǵ˺ۣϵƤѾһʲ״˺Ϊ׵ǵĶѣԴλúͽǶȶѾŤˣ˵̶ֳȣôܻţ
ȫƿʱֻ¹Ѿ
ǽʬʬɱһׯˡ
¹һڣϽʣʬɼȻǵԱûдӴôóһۣ
Ψһֻ֤ЩԱƬѡ
¹̾˿˵ϸƬһ߾ʬ壬ȻѪӵλȴһѪģ˿ڣͼƬϵ˿ڷŴ󣬵ʱҹ˷ֱʼͣǺò׽Ƭŵĳ̶ȣѾ˺ܴȻ壬ǿģطֱǲλõ˿ڣӦ
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˵ֳĬһ£ֻĬ˲䣬ɫѾԽѿ
ѵ˵Ϊذӣ︮йϵ
йϵǿ϶йϵ
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⻰ҸǴʧɫߵꣿΪʲô749ߵꣿ
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Ϊʲôߵꣿ︮749ֵܣҲ˺˰ɣ˵͵͵ϵģԱ︮һһ
ҵģҲ˵ܺ
¹˿̣ش˵Ҳ֪һֱ߶Ǹ˼ܵˣΪȫȫΪ︮︮ŵ¼Ѹٵؽʵһֱڵһ¡
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¹ֻ˵֣ǶѾٶ˳Ĭ֮С
ǰڼ飬ֻѾ㹻Ϊ֮սľˣֹһֱĵģѾΪ︮еĵġ
߲︮дڼ飬Ȼûκε֤ݣһֵ︮Ļ̡̻
ȷʵֵõģΪʲôҪЩʵ
ʻһͼ¹΢΢һЦЦż
ܼ򵥣ΪѾ︮ڲκˡ︮ٶ׳󣬾ڼһѱԽԽ֣ǸˣΪԱһҪӵĽ
ĻΪʲôҪ˰æ
üͷ˵˵︮ĸ߲ڿܴڼ飬749أˣ¼ʱǺ507һֱڸشѹǣǵ֮иҲֹͽ
ǺǣߵĴ֮
¹û˵һ749пҲͽĴڣҺ֮︮ûʲôԣ֮ԺѡٺȫǴĽǶȳҪȻĻ
˵¹ɨһۡ
ҪȻĻҲɱҵܵܵվһϥ̸ˡ
ȻΪСµڻ
¹ûбֳжŭˣһƽһֽ֮˵֮ף︮ѾûֵԼΣôҾεˣΪʲôһ749ΪȾµľƷȫ֧Ԯ︮һҪǶ749аһģεˡ
ԼGPS귢㣿
꣬¹˵ͷ
ǵģԼһ·
¹ʮѽʣ࣬μ𼶱ͬʱԶصǧֵ𡪡˾ҡ׹ħˡ̶Աݿνǿǰǿʲôأʱܶе︮ɻԵĴ߲òΪԼԼΪ︮һ·ԼװһöGPSźŷҽλֻһˣһԼԼСӷκεĲ⣬Ҷͨźҵǵλá
˵¹һеĻ̾˿˵û뵽ǣСӺ︮ʧλãȻǡɽӵһذصҲ˵ߡ˵ʧܿܺڰİйء
ǧѩأǧѩô£
ٶȾʣǧѩǺߡүһȥΪʲôͻȻéɽŮץ̫ˡ
˵¹Ҳҡҡͷǰְյ鱨ʵ̫ˣΨһȷⰸһǳļ֣Щһ749õĵԱʧȥټصصһ֧һҰս飬Ϊ䱸еŷħӵϣ¼зá
㣬˵ɻЩˣ749ˣ
ʻһ¹ͷصһ˵ڿЦ749Ƿǿѧ¼ô𲿶ӣ
¹˵Ҳ˵ͷȷʵȻĻ507ĸʵҲ͵ؾӪһˡ
¹˵ǿԷģЩԱȻרҵħʦѾǸ749εˣװӲֹӲִԸߡжǿǾӢеľӢ
һ㣬¹㲻˵Ҳܿó˵éɽʱЩ˴ֱʱ뻮һĶͽýĲܿԶѵصĶˡ
ĹֱѾɳ˼ʮ¹˿˵ﵽһǧİٹĿǰƽʱٴٹң;749ܾݵ;ضΪṩźҹͻᵽ·ص㣬̫۵ĻҽǳںúϢһ£Ϊֳ֮ǻڵһʱµɽǰ;δ˭֪ᷢʲô¡
Ƕ˵ͷȻʱ˭ܰĵľϢأ
¹ǰ;δĸȷʵܸһУɽȴǵʲôȻⶼһֵĶսȻĻôλʧأ
ܴ¹ȫٳȻÿʮһٹֱͱͣľ»ػ749ܻнһβͣȻֲʱɣǸĽȣ˵ʻԱؾʾʱѾǺҹˡ
ϵĴⶼȻȴûκϢƬ̣ЩںʱװҰսǣһȫעĿбӣȻΣԣÿ˵ȴκһ˿
ûãֱѾɽҳһۣѾһƬɽ֣ǰ֮УؾͼһͮͮĻ⡭
ʱ¹ֱߵĶԽٶȴ
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ŶԽ˵껰¹ָǰĺ˵ǿľ߾ݵ㣬Ǿ½Ȼͳһɽ塭
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Ҿʵʵ·Ҿ㣬ȻµǸɽ壬749ָֽͨ豸ô㣬ΪʲôֱϿ̽һ
ǵκжҪϼ׼ģΪʱŵж𣿡
¹жĻǰһҾѾԴ˹ˣôɵԱðսȥأ˵ˣ㿴Ļ
ֱ콵䣬¹ָǰɽ˵طƽԭɽɽɽɽɽִԴԣֱͣĵطûУĻʱܷΣաʵͼǵͼȡׯǺܿϧɽṹܸӣɽ룬Ӷ棬ṹΪƣǵͼ޷׽ΪһԣűĳЩδ֪Ϊŵ㣬Ӷȫ˶ΪϮ󡭡
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¹˵ʱֱѾ䵽˾׵ĵطͻȻ䣬桰һֱҵתҰڵĲݴͻȻһǮ͵ҷ䡭
ۼǮͷ裬һüͷų¹ʵôе˰ڵϲ󣿡
ٿ¹ɫѾһƬ԰ס
ǡǸûʲô󡭡
¹˵ʱһǿڿķֽѾƫֱĲϣ¹ճڣͻȻءһ촫ǷֽѾ˲ը˴ڵĲ
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һҵزֱͬһʱ䶼Ѿʧȥƽ⣬ײڱߵİһ֣ȻӴýָסһŷֽק˽һɵһ֣ƺʦĶ
һڣСϽ˹ȥ˲侪һ׹̵ľ⡭
ûСѻ˵꣬ͻȻ䣬յΧѾʮɫۡͷֵĺˣһֳַһǵˣϵĳϸǶ̶ӡǣҲ֪׹̵Ľڡ
żʮ׹̽ڴгǰΧĲݴҲʼ𶯣һĹ򣬾ͼһѾӲݴ˳һֳַ䳯ڵֱײ
ֱѾʧȥƽ⣬Ѿ޷ҪѾˣ¹ɫ䣬ϽץֱߵĶԽסŭָӣѾȫ;
һĹ򣬰šءһ죬һֱĵײѾһȺ׹̽׹̷ըһغֱ̣˲俪ʼб桭
ŻȫԱսŻȫԱս
ֱļʻԱܱסֱȶ¹ŶԽʱһ촫ոձ׹ֱ̻Ѿءһбб˵ϣ˳ŲݵؿʼǰС
ֱĻУ߲ͻȻըǱըǴ洫ģǴֱڲǱֱҰսԱС׹ը˲ţ֮ʣʱһһſʼ
ֱһԱֱʱѾ˵˵Ķֱʱû˫أһʱֳǹ
һӵŶҽУ׹̽ӦأٿǰҰսԱҲѾ˵ϣڲݴһһֻֽǹȲǹ׵ͬʱһѾ95˵һ
ҰսԱȻѵأŲͬʱű˴˿Աڻսѵĺ󱳲ܹ
ϾֻаˣִôֹסΧʮ˵ķӵƽûһĹԱѾķ壬ըԱûüҽһѾըڵء
ԱȻҲùȻ׹̽ѾԱǿǹУԱⱻ׹̽еķУʧȥս
ЩԱΪȡıʱ䣬¹ϽֱָȫԱڲʱֱѾʧȥƽ⡢׹̷Ŀը֮׹˲ƺϡ
ֱһ׹䣬ֱĲŵһʱһֱһը˿žͼһԱѴӻڷȻǵֱδ׹䣬СȻҲѾͲסįˣһĦȭƣֻһȥ׹̵˴һ
ϾӦԱ⣬˵һеЩ׹̵Сආˡ
ʱͻȻͼһŷѴ·ббط䡰žһֱǰ粣ϣһ˲䣬ҵػѴǷ֮ը׹̷ıըЩͬ˵ǻ쳣Ϥ
ǰͻȻըǵһüͷ
Էɽˡ
ըɵĳû𻵣˼ʻǰ𻵣һֱԿˣžҵ𶯿ʼֱֱ䣬ʱӸոջķһӰѾл߳
ǳһȫסСͰĿ࡭
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716 ʦͽĿ
߳һ̣˶ס¹Ҳ⡣
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ҼֱԼ۾ݺݵ࣬Ȼȴûκεı仯ûү
С㣬׹̵Ȼװʦ
ͷһЦ˵ͻȻһͳűըǰ粣˹ȥһżʻȻһӱըĴһԾһ׹⳯쳯ү˹ȥ
մӴֱѾͨһײ˵ϣŰǰĲ͵׷ȥ
㵽˭ΪʲôҪٰʦģ
һŭ˵˦ּ׻ݼˣȻת˲֮ѱү̧˦Ļײ˸ţءһըһŵ
ֹͣǰһɨѿֱԼû˵һԣֱ̳үӭײ˹ȥ
ٿүȴֻǺЦͻȻŤͷɨŭһԵİ΢΢һЦ
Բ𡭡
⻰һڣ˲䶯ݣۿֱѾүڵλԽԽͻȻӾ֮лعһǰ壬ٶȵֱǰ棬Լסڵϻеֱ
ֱŹԼǰײȥ˫סƤƴҧҪֱͣκֱ̫Ӵײð˫Ŷɵڲݵϵų
һ޷ֱͣ£Ͻͷסֱڳ˫ѸٽӡȻӵǽءһֱײŰͳǽײ˹ȥһײǽ˲գۼĹֱѽײ˵ڶǽǰʹһƺߣڶǽҲѾըѣǽ赲ֱڲݵϵĻٶҲ
ۿֱҪײүʱڽͣ£Ϊ˽ֱͣƺѺķȫֱһͣ˲˶ֱ̱ϣȻ˭û뵽ʱү̧ڰıһӣת˲֮䣬ءһѴӰը
˵ľ֮УɵһѪͷʱǾ벻š
㡭㵽סǲʦ
ү΢˫һȴûش
Ҫ׷ʣȴȫʹ̺Хڡͨһ̱ڵء

£С㡢ȿֺؿʼ壬һӴڴܳû˵İȣ͵һȾͳǰү˹ȥүһϽ̧˫ۻסգںХѪɫˣһɣ˦ּѼŷ䣬Ǵ
ȶ̵ģСģ
Сһŭ𣬳ҽӵקĹѾһչԪɡŷ˲Ϣ֮ײɡըɢ
壡Ϊʲô㵽ʲôԣ
ҡ
̧ۿүһ˿壬ƺлҪ˵Ȼɫת˲ţүֳ̧Ǽ䡭
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үʱ㻹˼ǽʲôѵѾ˵̹ʲô
ֱۣȥүŭʶôˣ㻹ȹңǶû뵽㾹Ȼˣ㾹Ȼ׹
үˮ˵ʱͼԱɨһۣͻȻֺ׹̽ҵ׸磬ʲôģ첻ŮΪ֮棬¹һսԼĺˣʧܣ֮սѾ֤ǵѡǴģѡͳߣճΪǵˣҰûǧǰûصĶʲôԣ
ү㡭㡭
ֱү⻰˵꣬ţֻȻĿ˵
һֱǴĵʦһ·ϸİȴҡһΪǵĵˡ
㣡ǲϮߡǧѩˣڵĶ
ʣ֮ҾǽǴׯ
үճڣͻȻһǹѴ׷صֱдүɫѾϽһһӵҹлһɫĹâһţৡһʹʷ˹ȥ
һȻǳ¹Ѿ˫ǹĴһǹָסүݺ˵̫ʧˣ749߲飬ϼֵܹϵһȽ֮︮˵Ҳƴ۵Ϊ⣬û뵽ǡ
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˵ĹΧѾȻ죬˵׹̽ڵȻ֮ϣ¹ЩҰսӢȷʵҲǺǵģټװһĹѽ׹̵͹ѹ˻ȥ
ʶãүɫҲѿͻȻֶݺݶų¹¹ϵ749һһţû뵽һ֧ӹʧߡ
ǺǣöߣδѣһΣҪݺݲһˡ
࣬ߡʲôүʱһ㶡
㲻֪ץȥٺúøİɡ
˵Ż¹ֿ۶ϾǹүȻðգƲϽҶͬʱּмܣСĻԪɡڣķȻ˲ǵġ
ۿҪߣҸϽһŭ׷ȥȻ¹ȴںһקסңȱôҲ𼶱ĸ֣ҪУ
ѵô뿪ҧ
Ⱦ˵
˵ŻԶһָͼѾмսԱ˵أ׹һ˶ڣֿʼſյм䷴


717 ɽط
ƲҲֻӳ¹ʱ׷үͷϽȺҰսԱƴ׹̽˹ȥ
ʵЩ׹̽һȺҰսԱǹҲԽԶԸ׷ɵķ䣬ֻҪһעڶԱǵϣըԱЩͬѩһƮ׶ùȥ
һת۵ĹʮһսĶԱѾڵϣٲְæ¾װٺáԱٸߣҲǵȫûɡ
ҳȥӪȣЩ׹̽ȻҲţһʱ̽ĿתƵҵϣһȺ׹̽̽˦֮䣬ʮŷѾҷ˹
ڵˮ׼˵ҪԸЩ㲻ϸֱֵǲѴ֮һеİȣʱӭһŷֽ͵˦һѪɫŰͬʮ׹̽Ѿҽŷڵء
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һŭ𣬺졢ۡɫ˲ڷɳpС񡢷ӰʼڿһͨЩ׹̽ڵע
ٿСҲѾöгæֻ˰ǶԸȺǵӦ֣һĹ򣬺ü׹̽Ѿڵսվˣöﶢŵزļ΢΢һЦҲҶ֣̳ɾʱǵүү֪Ķأ
ҺС㶼Ѿս֣ȻҲûţȵ˸̣װƵһߵ̳Ⱥ׹̽ߣһżӺҾǣǶϹޣڹȻǶһ쭣Ƕá
˵ʮ㣬Ȼûˣûһͨͨ˵꣬׹̽Ѿָ
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һ߼˴úܹ񫣬ģ׹̽Ҳ˹ΧΧ˸ˮйͨžһͨߣϾ˭ϲ
ѷȻñԴվˣ컹ûſڵϱԴƨɾʲôʲôӵģٱ۵Ҳ˹ȥѽŲȥ½ޡ
ò˵ΪηΪǷɢ˶Ը١СƴɱټһȺҰսԱǹڻûһĹ򣬴󲿷׹̽Ѿҽ˵أʣµһȻҲѾö־ȫޣʱɢ
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ٿѾһһ׹̽ͷһȣ߰ٶʮȻת֮˵أִӡë˸һͷǲҽĶһ˵Ⱥ飬ǶַŪһ
˵ŻмһЦڻӡӡӵĨһѱѪ
ֵǵϷս֮£׹̽ĶټȥŵøϽꡣ
һܣһȺҰսԱǹ׷¹Ͻһ£һȺԱû˵Ͷ˻жӣƺڵȴų¹һ
Ī׷ǻ׹̵˶ˡ
˵껰¹ֱܻǰԼͨѶ豸ȡ˳󽻸֮ǰֱʻԱ˵ϵаΧݵ㣬ûݵ⵽Ϯ
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һһ߳һûߵǧѩѵʮ֮һ˹ѵ𣿲ǣͺʮ𣬻Ǳ׹̸ˣ
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˿̰޷̱ڵϽüͷŭ˵ûô򵥣Ҳʦᱳǡ
ţۼΪʵ㿴үոյӣո˵Ļ
һһڣһĬü˵ҲܣǿƵô򵥣顭
飿ʲô飿㿴ӣж硢Ʊ磬Ѳɱ׹̿ס˲ɣ
̾˿˵ƭԼˣʦѾǡ
ġԲᡭ
ҺС㶼ѳĬΨɾʧҡͷ˵ԲܵģС㡢СǺú룬һֱʦ˼չǣ̵ǣǴҴ·˻ôͽأⲻܡܡ
˵ŻŵسС˹ȥڴ񣬷Сһ𸴣ȴСͷ˵û˵öԡ
ȻСһѾȫ֪˳Ĭ
ȷʵǵҲڻɣүΪʲôͻȻֱûκεɺͶǾڽȴۼ֤˰ĺϣҪɱԼĵӡ
һĬ֮УһԱѾ㱨ˣʮˣҲ˵ûȽӣǵĿսѱ׹̵Ϯ˽һ롭


718 
㱨¹ɫѿ
Ĭһ֮󣬳¹ʵԱܲܶ
󲿷˻ǿǿжģм˵ñȽᡭǶԱ
¹˵ͷʱ֮ǰȥϵֱʻԱҲѾ˹ų¹˵ϴܱ߼ݵǶѾϵˣƺֻķ⣬ݵһ
ܺãҾͷˡ
¹˵ͷѵõĺϢɫںÿ˲٣̾˿˵תݵ㣬׹̳ûǧҪСģһҪϼӷܳκβأУ֪ͨݵԼ־Զҩߡ
ס
ǼʻԱ˵ͷϽܵ豸ǰţ¹ֶߵĶԱǷʩ˿Щ²ʮ˼װ׼
ǡ
ԱϽܵǰ¹ֳʵ׹̾Ȼʱ֣ȻǴĳЩһǶܸȤǱһ壬ôûɣ
СǶ˵ͷһԱĽ֮󣬰ҲѾվ˵ò̫ء
һӵĹʣĶԱѾװװҰЩ˱׹̽ͽȫۼһֻݵԱѺͣδЩ׹ˣͷ¹һе̵ľԱǹз²һȽϣߡ
ⷽȻ̣Ҳ鼱֮ûа취İ취
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һ˲䣬е˶סЩѵصҰսԱɵۡ
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ҲûͷһӣͻȻһƬ̵ĹѾڵڳһֱͨµĵصһڶ̾ͼۿЩʬԽԽҲϽó¹ЩԱһһСں
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ǰֵԼĴ·ûһĹͼʼ˳ŶббسûãѾǰһսԱû˵˳Ŷ˳ȥ
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Ϊߺޣ㼴ԹɢȻܵƵ۵ľӪȥң
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¹˶ҰɱһѪ·
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⻰˵ɣ°ĴȻֹۣΧȺʬƣѱȭѹƵȫ֣ͻȻһȭͷѾݺؿϣһȻԽʬȺ֮С


723 

һ£˲ʧɫϽȥȻûȳȺʬİΧͻȻ;ŵ´һ΢زǲԽǿң¡һǰĵѾȻ̳һ׶ĽʬסͬʱҲҸ桭
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Сԥˣߣûµģ
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ۿԽԽΣҪֱɱһѪ·ȻףʱͻȻԱһŭ𣺡ɵˣ죡
ѭķһͼѾڵڳһ껰Ͻ㣬˼˭ҲûϽŶ˹ȥ
һһ֮СȥԱϺ󣬶ûǰУӵĽʬѾŽͷצӴӶ˽ƴ˺ҧץš
죡ߣߣ
һŭһ߲ϷųУСֱĶһȺƻȫ֪ʹĵˣҪһ֮ȫסȻǼ׵顭
ĿըǰļֻʬѾըҷɣȻûǼըķѵĽʬֹͣĽʬѾų
ҪϺֲתһȫȫܣûõĹѱ˵ǰĽʬקסüΣҺòѣںĽʬԽԽ࣬ƴǰץţѸӲֹۡ
ۿһȺ˳ŶĽʬͿҪͬˮһ㽫ûͻȻ䣬һѺɡѾ˳šһ죬ɡһ򿪣ýȫȫס
ȶ̵ģߣ
С㣬㡭
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СִƺδٰҲֻܸ˼ǰӴܣÿ̲߳סͷСڴһۣʲôΣա
ͼСüͷĿ棬ȻڻԪɡʹʱһֱȡڵĹϵӶСɫЩѿȻʱС㻹ȫܳŵסģҲڷġ
ȻûҰĿƿͻȻ䡱һԤ֮£һ׳ֱѾӶ͵һ²˽С㱳Զĵط
һ˲СʧɫҲ͵صһɸǷӦֱһ֮ͻȻһѾסССӶק˳ȥ
С㣡
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ƴһŭ𣬶ĳ¹Ѿקҵȣǿǰ
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Ϊ⻰һΪҺͳ¹֮ĵŭȻĬһ֮󣬳¹ȴץҵ½קϺݺһײǰ侲˵ʧȥҪˣָоܰɣҵܵĵλɲȰСĵλĶȥǡ
˵Ż¹ֳ̧ŲԶһָԱǹӢ·սǵסȺʬķ
Ƕõսʿǧ𲻻ҳĻֵܣΪ˴룬Ϊø˻ȥұǡ
˵ʱ¹ۿͨ죬ͻȻ̧͵˦һͣź㻹ᣬھô֮һףΪءСҲɱǰЩʬ滹иĽʬӿɱ٣ɱǣ滹һֻ޷սʤĹڵȴ㣬ƾʲôȥսʤСͰΪ˾ȴҶԼ뿪ȲǣеֵܣҲǲʱ鱨ͳȥ˵ˣס


724 ȫû
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ʱ򣬸ļԱҲѾƴ˻
ϴǿߣ߰ҩˣߣ
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һڣ⻰һڣ¹ֳϲҲûٶ˵ʲôקҵĸ첲Ϳʼǰ壬ͷء
ССͰһˣһİ취㲻̫ģڵĵ֮ǸϽǱһʱ㱨֪ȻĻ

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¹ȻȴѾƲסʼʡ
ȻѡȻѡΪսѾ׼ǣӢۡ
Ҹų¹ľǰ壬˺ѷεزҽӱĶԱѾȫʬҲٻͷֻܸų¹˳Ŷǰ񱼣ûõĹ򣬶Ѿʼбб󶴿¶˳
ǰжԱӶȥ֮󣬳¹Ҳקҳ˶ڣʱͻȻһС
ϴ󡭡ȾҡȾҡ
һ¹ʱһеֵͷһӺ׷ʬȺ֮УͻȻһѪĶԱ
ƴʬȺţҪŰȺʬײǰһŲΣϵıޱȵʹ࣬˫иǶĿ
סȻ¹ȴڵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹קҵĸ첲Ӷ˳ȥ
ϴ󣡿ңȾңˡ
ʬȺдĲҽɲڶǲޱȡҾףȻ¹ȴȫûһڣ̳ΧĶԱŭȫ׶סڣ
¹һڣսʿ̽ϺͰȫȡ˳Ȼ߸߾ٹͷȴӡ
ϴ󣡵ȵңȾҰɣ
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˵ʱ¹Ѿʣû䣬ֵһŭ𣺡ӣ
һӡֳڣʮѾϵسŶȥǸϽǰһ񱼡
ܳԶءһ죬һ쳹ʵıըضڲǡһ̮ס˶ڣЩ׷ĽʬҲ桭
ǲҵ飬Ͻǰܣ¹ʱʱ鿴ֻͼȷλá
ǰʱһ̲ס¹˵¹Ұǰȫ͵ȫص֮ͻȥûɣ
¹ɨһû˵鿴ŵͼǰߣſһ˵İɣȥҿ϶ţǲԼȥ
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ѾˣǹȻֻһֱСӾܶԸ˵ģǴҵĳҪҲôһ𱨡
˵Ż¹ֳ̧ǰһָ˵ݵͼʾǰµһ·ǵ˸Ӫһŵıפȵ֮һϰѸ·ı˳㲹䵯ҩһɱȥ
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΢΢ͷ⣬¹ûлش
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ͼϴŴɫľװȻǸˣȻѾˮ͸·ЩӲŤ˱ĺϣһ˵ĴˮеţѾˣ׳ںϡ
ˣﱻʬϮ
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ôһ˵ҲѾע⵽ȷʵǾ˵ĲӴǶöͺͱʬҧ֮µһޡ
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˵껰¹ϽֳߵսʿǺţȻѾȻѾȫûܻµװҩڣʱ䲹䵯ҩ
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725 һ

һ˲䣬ˮըһȻ󲨣ŷɽˮһֻֻʬѾӺð˳һ˵Ҳиʮֻо󲿷ֶžװҲмѪǶһǹ۵ģͺϵķΣȻӦǸĴ񣬽һŵսʿֹӵģǡ
Ȼ֪ǵ֮ǰﵽ׳ʲô飬ͨΧһЩҲܷ˾ŲʮȻǼϮһ·Ȼפһŵı749ϾԱȱЩȻǴӸӽģĶжԸʬľ顣
ԽԽսʿʬҧˡ֮ͬȫսʿֻѡ˴롣
Ȼ˴׼뿪ȻûѽʬħצһˮУЩˮսʿҲһرʬҧ
ų¹ŶԱȥʵĹҺ˹Ľʬǣ֮ǰıŭȫȻй˳
Ȼ˵Щʬǵͼʬħɺúܲס˶࣬ټһ첲޷ʹãڽʬǵȺ֮֮£һʱ⻹Щ޴롣
ڵֻӵĹһ󼤵ǹѾʱСдžͼ¹һ߿ţеľ岽ʬȺһ
ȻֵǣǹֵȻܼسŽʬȥʱֹסʬǵĽ֮⣬ȴûһֻʬӦء
ҲɵһϽ˵¹ߣʵôѵЩʬ749Ƶӵߣ
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һճڣ¹Ѿӵǲ٣ûһ749ṩģ
¹һ˵⻰Ҳɵһֻ¹ѾŭЩľ߲㣬Ǵû749ڱ˷˰˰桢װŪƭҲˣȻǵȰ棡һ£ҸϽܲӵԱʱ֮裬ȻصľӸָ߲ӹ鷳ȻûЩӵ
Ҳ˵Щͨӵ
һһڣ¹˵ͷ
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˵ĹͻȻһҽдһܵĶԱѱͻȻһֻʬץֱۣһ˲ͨ͡һˤ˵ϡ

¹һϽʵ˵ʬֶֻҪҧͻоȣԲԣ
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СʲôоȰ
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ֵˣ˵ǹڻ»ûʬҧһͳʬȺȥ
ȥʱұֱһƼ׽ЩĽʬ˵һϵļսȻڵѾʹùȣʱӶʼᷢˡ
ڵȻʹõĻֻӿٵԼԾԲãǵ⻹ǵүҵġ
ǣֽҪͷҾȻүǿЦ
ۿЩʬҪ˵ԱϣҲҵʱ䣬һֱľѾָ֪ȥʱһżʯͷ붼ûһͳ飬һһżǶԱĽʬ˹ȥ
ûҳ嵽ǰѾԵĽʬ̳ԼѾսſѪڣƺҧĺƲҵһո첲ͽһʯͷ˳ȥžһǽʬӦأҲû˹ȥ߬ʯͷһգֻʬѾͷѪ˵ϡ
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һҡƫɽСһͷûؾһŭ𣺡ܸåܣ
ЩʬȻǰѵصսʿɽʬ֮Ѱǰֶһɶˣټ֫ԽӲ⵹С;ȺܵСռ˱ˡ
Ҳû֮ʯͷ͸֣ڱһȺսʿĻڻԽսԽ£ʯͷֱΧʬԴһͨңν˫ȭѵ֣˵ҴùͣʱϾأǽʡˣȴͿҪ͸֧ˡ
ʱһֻ֮ǰǵĽʬͻȻſڵһ߬סҵĽţһקҵʧȥƽ⵹˵ϣԱ߼ֻʬצس
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ȿħЩʬֻҪᱻõضðŰ̹ǺͬʱҲڲҵȻ
ʱڻǹѾԽؼͳ¹󾪽УҪҸϿȥ
ź¹ûмˣԼĶѾ˻һһ߿ǹһ߿ǹһŭ𣺡СǵˣҲ¾սģһƴˣ
ų¹һŭսʿʿӵ˲ԼҵسŲϳĽʬȥɵҲЩʬעȫ˹ȥȻѾûˡ
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һʱꡱһϥǹѵǽʬѾͨһڵ¹ǹһתѾֶסҵͷ
СҼţȻڲս㺦ҵܵܵĳԶӳȥĻǾ㣬һ֮ǰһΪҵܱܵ𡭡
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һ˵˵ˣΪĹǲǣǶڸʿ̫Ҳ¶ӣ㲻ԣ
Сӵ˵ͷͷǵʱ˿Ѿ˳ԶƺѾΣգҲûٹ
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ڵɽһ󣬽ģʬĺҲԽƮȻѾԶԶ˦˺棬һǲҵ飬ǰֱײһ߳壬һ߰ο˵ұ££ʬǲڰжģֻҪȵǾͲòҵطʱǾ͵þˡ
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ʱ֮ǰֱʻԱչ˵ϴô죿ҪҪһѾݵ㿴
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뵽ҵȻ˹ȵף˵ǻɽҰ룬еһξ룬ȻµĽʬٶȥĻѱ֮ǰиľΪʬЩʬɽӳȥܺıɡ
Ĭһ֮󣬳¹ͻȻֳǰڸ·սʿʵҪԱִûԸ£
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һУսʿڳ¹ǰվˣžѻǹսʿ˵棬Ը񡣡
սʿӣ¹̾˿˵ͷ˵ССԣΪһѻֺ;ѻֹ۲ԱһȷʵǽΪʡǣܷǳΣգһҪ˼׼
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732 Υĵ
ѾǲԶһû궴ûжκεĽ䱸ֻ˳ĴҡڵǰߣѾ˱ľġ
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ת˲֮䣬ͼѾٶȺͺһ𣬵麣ȫעͽȴԵ˲٣һֱ˫ֲЦ麣צһδץԼʱֻǴ˲㣬ƺûҪ˼ǰֱ̬͸ȫ麣Ƶġ
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С˵껰Ҳ˵ͷ˵ҲɻģѵǸոձģ
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Сٶȿڣ˵ǸոձģǾˣ˭ôı£˳أ


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ҵһʱ뵽ȹùáҵĸĸԼСȴûи׼ȷֻ˵ⲻûпܣĶȻ麣ߵҲѵ˵ǽħСҲ
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һŭ𣬿ɳ¹ƺѾΪֵǵʧȥǣĶǸ𡭡
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һŭ𣬳¹ǹӵһſŴںӲϣʱðһԾĻ
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ӵײںϣɫҲԽѿȻѾ¹ƼŭۿԽԽҸæǰҪȴû뵽ҪǰʱȴӺһҧסҵĿȣְҸקס
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ȻħӵûãͨӵûãԼ˶˰ӵԼʲôã
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һ麣һˤԽ֮Уźվʱ͵һƾͳ˹ȥ
ײںĿϵͬһʱ䣬ءһը촫жʱһƺߣȻѾŰ³˳ȥͨһˤ˵ϡ


734 ѹԵʤ
ź䵹µĹ麣ѾִӵĨһϵѪ֮󣬳ҺٺһЦֵܣлˡ
ˣҿɲǰ㣬Ƚٺúøˣ
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ۿҪӵ麣ҲϽȥʱͼһӰм䡰ᡱһ˹ȥɵѾɿسźһͷײȥ
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һʱ䣬Һ麣Ѿ嵽˺ǰҪ˫֧û˵ͬһʱץ˫ۣһͨ
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һ麣ֳȭͷʱֻһ׹ѴԻٶһͷײ
һͻȻϮȻûӹ۾ͼȭͷͻȻſûͷײǰѾȰ˹ȥһѾͽԴ߬ס

һУɾʱһֻסֱҲѾ˳ȥҲͻȻһѲסҵͷҡ
ʵȻǹ֮Ѫ۵ĸϹȻϾѪ֮ûѾ䰴áءһһͷײ˵ϣһ˲䣬ԺһƬհףŶʵһԺΨһľǻСƵĽкСͦסͦס
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ѽ˵ʵҸոطʱһЩηء
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⻰еɫ¶ȴҧûشʱЦô˵òԣôΪλֳҲøҺúý
ݺݵصź䣬ȴɲ˵Ҳûٶ˵ʲôһŤͷѾӵ麣
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ѵＫޣǻǵ´սɣ첻С
˵䣬ֻгһĨЦ˵Ѿ󲿷½ʬ˳ȥͿˣϣǾͿԵΧǷĳСҪЩ֪׻ҵˣȻҵĽɢҪԯ϶Դ˶Ӿ

Цʱ¹ѾٶȾǹûȳ嵽ǰѾǹɺ֮ǰһĸֽǸ
¹һ㶣ۿѾ嵽ǰ԰ǹͳѿĵذźĶӾһʹ̣һ󡰶֮ȻǷɽȴȫûԺκε˺
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仰û䣬ԸоָģһǯһҵĲסҿʼϢͷΣҲʼģ
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ȻʱͻȻһӺǰĺڰд
䣬ǴǵʹǱɲɱ޹ƴΪȥް
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΢΢һЦȫû֮ǰǸӵӣʱٿɫҲЩÿһ˵ո˵ʲôޣʲô˼
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˵ĻͻȻһЦ˫һɣѾҺȫ˵ϡ
ҡͨһ˵أʵسͬʱصɨһۣͼصͬʱѾ˲ڵڿһಡһ¾ʧˡ
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㣬ңôǼһߣ
ٶŭǰĹˣź֪޵һôįԭΪֻ麣ʬΪĺë꣬һܺúҹ񫣬̫ʧˣҸôλ޷ңҵõĶ֣ȴߣ
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䣬㹻ˣ
ںĲ֮Уǹ˵˫ͻȻѪɫһ˻ԼѪɫĹâ˫֮ͷѴӸʼǺɫȻԣִӰ𽥱˴죬ձѪһİɫŭԽڳ
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û䣬ͻȻͼһΣȻͬһڹ˲˵ӮǰȻӮȴûӦƵģ̾ûüµ
˲䣬ءһǸߴδӮӹͬʱһȭӮѣȻӮûͬԤеһֱӱһȭɳȥһȭеĲλͬһʱ䡰һɢɽ
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תź䲻ͷɨһۣ̾˿˵䣬㻹ǲҵȰ𣿽ǽѡУɲΪС
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УֻӮ˵䣬֮ϣܾȻĻΪĳ嶯谭˽ǵķϣһ㹷

һ㶣ʱӮһЦ˵ǵģǸſʼеĴ϶
ʼ磬Ц˵ȥ˼godieӢģһҲɣҲ㣬ĴʬУһȥһһֻлججȻ˽ı仯жΨңһССʬʼһһ̥ǣǧ򣬴ӹû˱Ҹ˽⡢֮Уٺ١
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ʧɫʣǧķ꣬Щࡢ˽׻ôһµĠԼߣ
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岻ˣ
侹Ȼһ£Ĭһ֮ҧڵѹ⼸ȷʵȡ˺ܶĿϢ˵ѱȫİǵҸոʱܶ˶ΧۣǾ˵һھҵģΧʳʶ̣˵ʲôҪȥʲôҽԺĵطǣƵĶҪ껺ĶһûսǾֻҡͷشңֵ۹⿴ңԣɱǡҲսûӵ۹⿴ң¼²ʳԭԼȻ˯ôãǾԼ鶼ȫȻ֪һŭ֮£ҰЩ²Ҳȫҧ
ôã㻹ôб
Ӯҡҡͷ˵ǲЩСѣô֪ʵЩֵأƵˡȺͺˣɽӸǷսľҲ¹֮սһ겻ںһ̵Ĵ֮󣬱𡭡ĲдСӵһСﹶӲдǵؽңԳΪˡα任һ𽥸ıʱǸİʱ䡭
Ϊʲôͳǣ
ͻȻݺʵӮǶġ֡һǻģЩ֮ǶȻ֮ΨһһлˣΪʲôȥͳǣ߻ǣԣ
˵ʱ޵ؽҪȻӮֻЦŻش䣬ûôûǶֵܵĲֶζģǳչ鲻ɱǵͷԣŸոѹԻƵ۵ĳһʱỹ޷£⣬ôķ꣬˼̫࣬ѾЩ׿ֻúõΪЧΪһĻᡭ
ǣҲںʲôǣ
ƾʲôЩ߰ͻֲ뵽ҵԴ˭ҶҪݺһ٣
䣬ػʹ
ҵʹɱе׻
˵ŻͻȻ̧һָӮֶݺݺҲܾô꣬㵽ױöôǿҵҵ·һɱ㣬顭
̫ʧˡ
ŭӮȻҲѾʧȥģ߬ȭͷһԴѪɫĺë̿ʼб¶Ƥ
Ҵһëʬһǧʱɺ꣬ɲвġ
ٺ٣ڷŭˣȻͲټηηܣӮһսɣҪ˶֪Һ䣬¹֮ս˿ɵеս񣡡
˵ʱ䳯̧ҵЩʬɨһۣûö˵ЩʬѾ̧ҿʼԶ¥ƶٿ䣬ѾһŭǰëӮȥһȭݺȥ
һӮû֮ǰһûˮܹۿźѾ˵ǰӮһҲųȥ
ײһһ˲ءһż籩ײΧ֦ʼҡЩ̧ҵЩʬֱӹε
ٿЩʬѴһҾ徵ؾʬųʬ־þҲ
ǼӿŲ¥̧ʹʲôڳǰȥӮսĵطԱ߼¥ѾŰ·Ҳİ˲۶ϡ
ʱ˿ٿֻɱʬһսذѽѷ֣ѳȫŲµĵزȫֻǿݵҰޣڶӮû뵽ȫٺ֮£ͭƤȻҲӮ⡭


737 
ұȺʬ¥ʱֻʬڼսһΧľ۶ϣֱ͸һ
Ҳ֪ڱȺʬ֮ŷ֣¥ƺǸݼãõмλðһλ߲мλãŵĲλƣһѾͭͭ壬ͭϿһ϶ֵͼƺһߣԣߵĻô᳤˵ͷ˫ۣȻ°ַߡ
ûҿЩЩʬѾҾͷϿλĺ棬Ȼ¶һһֱµ¥
ֻʬŰҴͷϷһֽŵжȻһƴȻȺʬȴûңקҾͿʼ¥ϡ
Ҳ֣ԽϣҾ͸оԼԽ̱챻¥ȥʱֽ̧ŵʹˡ
֪֮ʱͻȻһϤӱ
ȶ̵ģҲץˣ
쳣Ϥһ˲䣬ҸϽķ˹ȥŷԼȻϽһտõĵ´ǽ¶˸⼣߰ߵĹʲôìƣѵһղң
û룬ѭŸոСǰȥͼһ޴дʱ˿һȺššſţس˹
ǵĵһ˲䣬ѡ⡱һ˲侪ס
֣裡ùãǡǡ
еļ˶棬ĸùãԼħСӵˡͻ飬֮⣬С㡢ͳ¹ҲУС׺ηηؾڰĻš
￴żˣߡ±ԼڵһϢѾɵӺ麣
˲侪סҾȻһͨͨȻ︮еĸ߲㡭
һҶҲɵ¶ϲô˵ڴҶţʲôãȻܿҾͷһ£ԣȻţȻ󲿷˵϶˺۵ģɵӡ麣±Լ߼ˣǱˣƺѾʧȥж
һһ㣬ҲɵתϲΪǣʱôˣΪʲôᱻ
ȻҶû˵ֻǵضҡ
Ǳ𼱣ǣǸӶѣҡҡ
ͼͷڵЩץҲŵĽʬɱȻȳȴʧܣ֣ԴӱϽȫƺѾĪʧˣʱ˿̾Ȼʹһô£
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һұӽСϽդվߣֻǰûߵſأѾͨһˤڵأƺҲѾȫʹˡ
⣬ô£
ۿЩʬѾҡҡλε뿪ҸϽҰ͹ùõķʵ֣裬ùãΪʲôǶᱻʱ䵽׳ʲô£
һʣҰȴûκεֻǺܻԭҡҡͷΨȹù죬ӿзһ
ֶֶӡܻż㡭á
˵Żƺֿһ΢ЦȻȴǵѾʹˣһΣ͸˲䱻˹ͷƵģͨһ͵˵ϡ
⣬⵽ô£ô£
ҳˣʱСѾؿ˵ˣⷿУйŹ֣Դӱؽ֮ǵͿʼϱʲôߣùúǱʱãѾˣôܱסѾǺܲˡ
ǣΪʲôקЩʬƺûܵκεӰ죿ٶȾʡ
СҡҡͷشҲ֪ȻʬܵӰ죬㿴麣ѾΪ˺ë꣬ǿ챻ǹصƵġ
С˵ʱҳ麣һۣȻڵһشϢţȻѾֵ̧ʹˣȻڲ֮ǰͺ佻֣㱻ˣҲôҰɣ
뵽һ𣬾ѵ˵麣ߵԵʣ
˵ʱԺȴҲһ쳣
С⡭ƺʲôʲô󡭡
˵֮ߣΪԵʣ
ܣпܡ
СƵԽ˵⣬̫ˣǺ֧ţҺ
û˵꣬СƵѾԽԽʱСԱʵȶ̵ģ㷢ʲôأǲڵСѾ
ô֪ҶʱһΪСƵӦġ
һ˵СѾᷳᡭ
̫ˣöѾѾ
ö
ҶʱһҪʣСȴҡҡͷûټ˵ȥ
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ƲҸϽǿҡҡλ˹ȥ˵ڸǰһʣ֣㣬ôˣ
죬ȴûзκεȻʱͼѾԱץסҵ֣û˵ͬѾȦͨ졭
⣬⵽ô£⼸쵽׷ʲô
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Сǣ
ү
⻰һͷһ˵ڵϵߣͼ󱳲뿪棬һ̯ѾɿݵѪ̱¶ǰ


738 
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ἰүҵﲻɵһһԵİҲʼɫڡ
ͽ
ȻǱʶﲢԸȥԸȥһѳʵʵȻߵûֽͣ˵ǣ׷ٽħСͻȻͻȻ͵Ϯǡ
ⲻܡ
ûκε֤ݣ⻰ȴɵѿڶ
ֱڣѾ֤ɲԸү֮еͽ
ʱһֱûзİҲѾüᶨ˵ûܣҲʦԲͽСҳôᡭ
֪֪治֪ġ
û뵽ĻճڣȹùѾһ԰ڡ
ûѣûۿʱ˱ץʱѾηˡ
ù˵ͣһ£ƺѲ֧Щ˵ȥһ
Ϣһ֮˵ߡ±ӱץʱѾһϢˣǿߵĺ󱳣ѱ͵Ϯըˣϸƣɽ׻
ùã׻Ŀɲֹүһҷϵ
ûʱ˱ץʱΨɵӵƻȽᣬ׿ڸ֤ʵͻȻ񷢷һ͵Ϯǣߺ׼ʱ̽ߴЩűץѵɵӻƭ˲ɣ
ɵӡ
Ҳɵسŵĵطһۣ麣ԣ麣һһϢˡ
üͷٶȷʣˣȲ˵£ùã˵ӽʱ˵᣿ôо˵أùã⵽ô£Ѿˡ׷ɱ麣ģΪʲôڻ麣һ𣿺ǴðģֵǸʲôطġ󡭡
һСһж⡭йء
ùüѿڣԻ֮ѾԽԽˡ
ѵʲôŹ֣
ʻͼùشϢ˼£ѿ췢
ʱͻȻһǽǴ㻹ǲҪˣ֮гô죬ǼֱѾＫˡ
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Ҽǵ֮ǰץסʱصףȻǻˡ
Ĳ˵Ȼϲܣÿһζ²ܣһֵǷһģȻҲϡ
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˭û뵽ҡҡͷ˵ܵģҾȲǡ
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һֱԼҲɵһ㶣ʵ㵽˵ʲô
ѽ׼ȷ˵ڲģ˵Ǻǿ󷨣ڵ󷨣һϵ̡֣
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˵ŻͼͻȻһӶһͷײƵš
ڵģ沢ûԼһĶֻ΢סһ㣬˵һͷײʲôֱӰײȻյĽȴϡ
ۿҪһͷײĴʱͻȻڿնƺҪùײϣһʱžһ촫ɹˣŶƫײϣȻת˲֮ͼͨͨͻȻէһ⣬ǽէ֣ءһѾһҽ˳ȥһͷײ˴ʮ׿Ķǽϣ˵ء
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һżͻȻ鶯£һԴûվȻ
үġǶʲôﰡ
һʣһرί
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ͼק΢סţ˹ˣקקǾһƵƵġ
̵֮
ҾסѾӵ̾˿˵̲ͬһ󷨣˵󷨣Ҳ˵֮棬ֵʱ仹̫պͼݻ֮ǰ˵֮棬ֹǣϹżȴޣжܵӰ졭
⣬ô
һ㵣ʣǣΪʲôɽҰĵطһôͣѵ˵ǺΪ
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ҡҡͷͻȻһЦֳȹù˹ȥ˵ȻǻɽҰûӿ¾ǸͨĴӣһ㣬ĸĸ͹ùӦͷ˰ɡ
˵껰ȹù΢΢ףϢô֮˵졭ǡǸ麣ŷ֡䡭侹Ƿ˵Ψһд沿壬Ҳ˵
û˵꣬ȹùѾټ˵ȥˣִֻŴͣ
ѽüͷĻȥ
Ҳ˵ˣݻΨһֱϵˣػߡ


739 
һ˵꣬˶סΨĽħС˵ıȹùõ˵ͷû˵
ô˳µöˣ֮ԻҲԽˡ
㵽˵ħʲôݻʣʲôػߣⲻЩѾɽʬĴѡ
С̫ˣ飬ºܸӡ
üͷҷĲĻ麣Ȼҵλã֪϶Ͳ֮УԲǽħСֶҲʱжϣʱ򣬿ĴѾڵ·һֱӡסʬʬ壬Ųѡ
ող˵ʲôػߣôô׾ͱʬ˴ӣ˽ʬôػʲô
ػ߲Ǹѣҿɲû˵ж
¼򣬽˵ǵǰһоĹ̵ǮϾҳڵȥģĶкöұ˭ҾͶǰһĹдϸĵĹĶ֪СİѷŪˣȻʱһӢľŪȥǱбܣžӾͰȸˣģǶˣ
ἰ˵ֽۣ˵㿴һˣҪ˵ǣʱǵĹҲкܶˣǰӵǲľҸһʮڵ٣һĺУȻ汲סĹ֮УѾͬúͳ죬ֱڣĹ˺ѾΪĵΣÿǴ˲ιۡоǷϺͿСˡʵҪ˵˼ܼ򵥣һ֮УٺõѪͳὥâݻʵֱϵǧʷлûѾǲˣѪ̳еѲǶЧˡҲˡ
˵ͷſɨһۣ˵Ӧöע⵽ˣЩʬͲ̵ܵӰ죬磬һ˵֮ڡΪ֮µģԹʼ֮ɱɱΨֱϵѪﲻӰ졭
ǣأ
ȹùٶȿڣɨһ֮ٶȳڣҼǵߵ˱ץʱǺ佫ץģɫҲȫû̵ܵӰŶԡ
⡭йء
شݻʷΪ滪֮ҲдϹżУߵĴ֮񣬸̫ĸĸĸ
ԴԴ˵Ƕμ֪ı֪ĻҪӾԶʷ
ϹͶ뷲֮УԼ뷨磬ǣһ䣬Ϊۣ֮֮ĸ󣬲ʹŮ긺顢׺ͼ˼ⶼǺ󻰡
Ϲ̫˵иǸΪ֪ǾǷˣ˽ͼݻԣĤݣΪΪĴޣ˸ۡѪƳ󣬼Ϊ̣̣֮Ϊ񷨡
̿ɱħԼߣ̰ʱ̫֮Ѫ˴ԹűֱϵѪȫЧҲ˵ݻڵзֱϵѪ޷
˵ʱᵽһˣ̫ĸҲһǿܸΪֽ֪Ů洣û˲Ĵ֮ĸŮ񡭡Ӧ˰ɡ
˵ͻȻʣȻһҡҡͷʱԱ߳˵ഫ̫Ϊʼ棬˼Ƿޣǡá
û˽ΪݻãͬѪ
һ㣬ڻȻ򡭡
ˣ䡭Ǻĵܵܡ
һһڣ˵ͷȻһִĵ״ʵǣ䲻ǻƵ¹֮սеһԱȻҶʷǺ˽⣬ŮʱڿɱȻƵԶö࣬ΪʲôͻȻһܵҼȻŮǴĵܵôܳ˻ƵµһԱ죬󻹱Ƶ۵ã˵ͨ
ȷʵ˵ͨǶ벻Ҳ⡣
ش˵ȻΪǺĵܵܣݻʵãҲȷʵѪԵϵʱҲڣĵ˵۵ļġ
˵̾˿һɣ˵Ѿ֪ǺˣˣǰɽҲҺ͸һֱɽȡľؾĻˣʱҺ͸ѾȻûʲô֪¶ʱڣҲѾЩˣ֪˭ǶչȥˣҲһΣҵĸ磬֮ίΣû뵽ȴҸ²յ˱ӡеĽ
Ȼ綼ޣΪʲôֻĸ磬ȴû㣿Ҳɵһ졣
̾˿ҡͷ˵ⶼңʱѻΪ֪ã¶ʱڣŮ洼ֵܿɰ㽫ֵܱˣɶ£ұϾףһȲûңֻڵңڿûҵһѧڶ
Ѿ챻ǡ̡վվˣƴͽë˸̣ζ˵ۻԹɣ֮ʱȡûԼģࡣʱҺ͸һЭֵȡˮ֮࣬ĶˮԴѭҾ͵͵Ҹ࣬ٵݸùҸٺ࣬󡭡


740 ׹칬
⻰Ǹûӡ
ܿʹлع⣬˵ֵ֮ۼʱʢ۵üһ͸׳˶һЩԴ˱ͬ࣬Ȼȴһʯӡ
ʯӣôʯӣ
һ£붼ûʵ᲻ʯ
ޣŽʯȫҶʯ
ۼˣҲûٶ˵Ͼֶĵġ
˵֮ԵԵʯӶʱСıеʯӻָһѪ֮Уŭǽ֮һԲᣬԭûԼΪΣȻ˺ѪҺվ»֣˾Լ͡
ô˵˾Ҿ
ȴҡҡ˵ʲô˾ǸˣֻǺԼվ»ͻ˹
̾˿˵ж˻Ӳʯ˸󣬶ʱѲ֪ǹ˶ٸ£ǡ׻֮ʱƵˣ;Ϊ¡ٺ֪£뽫⡮ϸ񡯵٣Ȼѻֲ̲кֻܽһ룬ΪԼƣԼȻҲͲԼˣ˵պһѪ֮󣬿νѪͨǱΪܣ䡯˵
ԭѪͬͬѪҲ˵ԴҲΪݻ֮󣬾Ҳ̵ܵˡ
Ѿ˹˵ͷ̾Ϣ룬ӦþɡҸѾ˵һΣһж䵱Լ˸ӲʯʢˣͲκ˷Ƶ۶Ҫ֣¹֮սлƵ۲ûжԳսĺʩԾԮжٶһԭɣȻҲһֱѸԼ·߰ɡŵ˺ձ°ʮһԱ󽫻ɱʬĽ
˵껰ҸһĬ
ǿǶѾʶˣȻȴû뵽Ȼǿֵز⻹ô򣿸ûȺúýǾѾ׵׵ˣúܲңһΣ˵ǷΪʤˣ⡰̡󶼿ܳȥˡ
뵽ҸϽַʵڸô죿㶼Ȳǣѵֻ
ֹڷǶҲء
̾˵˵ǺңɴұϾһôˣôأ⡮̡ȷʵ̫ˣұƽ˵Ķ¶ð졭
Ĭһ£ֽüͷ˵ν̡ʵһ֮ۺѪɵĴٴ˰󣬹Ϊʲôܲ뱻˷֣һһνйء
꣬ΪʲôҪǰһνġһʱɻʳ˿ڡ
˵ʵ֮ǰ˵ϸûʲôĴڡҸƵڵ˼ǧ꣬һ𣿡
˵ֽۣ˵̫ϹŴˣĸĸŮ洣˵ĸꣿǿϵûʲôĹԣľ»֮Դ𣬳ʱķħңݻ˼ЭʹΪմ̫칬ͳϽķħӴڲؼз棬һϯ֮ء
ԴԴ˵Ů
Ů洣ϹŴŮǶŮϤĹԴ¼ĸִ˵֮У˺Ͳ졣
˵ŮΪ֮񣬼֮ĸȻ֮ġ
Ѳ֪Ǻ£׵֮ﹲʵ֮һսսܵĹһͷײˮֱ£˼Ϳ̿ΪȲȡľ»ʯպľ𻯣ɢ֮УΨһػ˼䣬Ѿʧȥô
˵ϵıͻȻѿ˵˵̫ΪħɸŬһҪһ̫ƽʢֱ߾ٴ졮һսħ޾ɱ̫Ϊɢ˼ľʱҡҡ׹Ȼ칬н磬ѵţֵ̫Ϊ֮ػᱨ࣬ħǿ칬Ҫͻһ˼н칬׹䡢˼׹ڹɽ۲ԱС
˵̧ͷɨһۣ˵СӦףΪʲôɽΪħ֮սս˰ɣʱǶűŵ䣬Ȼȴ
˵ְȻֻԼıѡ
ʧ䣬ҸϽתƻ⣬ʵţѵ˵νţ׹һֱ˵ʲôϵ
Ȼżţ︮Ѿ͸һ㣬֮ǰڷֶү˵ûЩʵڲ˵һֱҲûе࣬ڿ˵Ҳˡ֮սħŮڣΪ˱׹칬ʧȥɽƣ̫Ȼ̴ţħ롭֮칬ױ˹ɽ֮ڣҲû֪ȥλãҲû˼̫Ҫ̽Ѱ칬ֱͨɱնݳ֮һֱλʱڲŶ̽ùɽӦػɽ׼ڡ
ô̫ڻţ
ˡ
̾˿˵Ǵ˵̳ĩˣպľ칬ҲΪ£˴˵еķһս


741 Ľ
ͻȻ˵ЩȫȻ֪ôⶼһסǸδĲͻȻһں⣬Ķˡ
˵֮ҳ˳˼·Ĺһ£Щͷ
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󣬺ɽľµĻˣִ̫֮ݻԼ򸾴ŲģֲԼĺ̫ۣǲʹ·ͼ飬Ůʾһ塪
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һ˼·һ˼·ķϸһ룬ƺҲôӡ
ٺģӦþ׻˵ĺˣսղУ߳ŭ֮ڲɽҲɽһͷײ֮ˮйͿ̿Ϊ̼֮Լѣȡʯ죬պľɢֻʣһĻ꣬ǰŸոᵽġ
֮Ң˴˴ͳ˼仪֮ʱˮٶȷģȫˮΪֻѡԼĴߣħսǿļƺŽħơ
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֪̫Ϊڶħ֮ͷĿδŹ̫ħΪѩֱܶ칬̫һԾ󻼡
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̫ס칬ħ룬칬ɽټ칬ʧħ֮ս
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̫ǵЩսվһħԼǵĺһͳһľ
ؽ칬塭
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Ͼ̫ĸ֮У˵й֮ݻȴδһΣû֪ֻ֪ҵΨһ;ֻš
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Ϊ˱˼䡢಻ϧ˵ħȻӲŮ洵һĻΪĩ²ĤսսٶݱΪ˼֮ս֮ĵڶħս
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ҶûҵĶ֣˵ңսս񣡡
źĿЦҵɫӵѿ
ǴëȻǴӮץģӮɲǺĶ֡
ȻȻҲ˵òᣬ˵ԼԵ˺ѪҺںСʯӡġˡǵǹ롢ʯһƤҲɼץۣɣӮµġ
ƺȫûƶܵκεӰ죬߬źëһͨЦ
ꣿ˵ⶫÿܽһΣɰױڣɺڱ죬٣ë֮ǰһ˵ʱΪνĠ굽ǶǿĴأһҲˣȻϸûκҵĶ֣һûУ
źĿЦҼȥ׺ݵĿ⣬ԵĻ޲ֱͰɱ˺顣
һҶݺݵض䲻ûбֳκεĲʣٶȿЦôǸﶼңɲʧעʤ߸еı飡Ӧÿ־壡Ӧá
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麣ҲѾ۾һ䳯ԼǷŭвֳһɿֻ
ʱѾһһѾͽ̱ӵ͵ײǽ֮׺ݵغӦá麣ԸԸ⳼ҡ
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ʱ麣˫ĿԲĿͮͮ񣬼ֱֻá顱ݡ
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˵׺ݵ麣ıţ˳麣ѾʼѪˡ
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˵ʱɨڵϵһۣѻȻ˵СȻߣƯŮˣ룬Ӧþǧѩˡ
ڱү͵Ϯ֮ߵֱˣǧѩȴһ˽ߣȻ߾
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үҪʲôȽߵֻͶ׹̣ڴͻȻ͵ϮǣʲôֵϵõʲôҪǸʲô
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ʱѾɿ˽ţֳ̱Ѫ麣һЦ˵ҵǲô׾ģٺ٣һҪǣΪֻҪڣһԴԴϵΪĸ֣ҪˣҪ˶֪ңǲܵս񣡹Ǿɡ
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ֲмЦһ˵ô˵еԲ˰ɣҲף˵ѾֹܶΣΪʲôû֮ǰʱ䣬ﵽ׷ʲô
һʣ麣˲һ˿ŭֳĬһ²˵С޷ǸĺĿ֮µĵطǿ󣬶ʤɱ¾ִšֱǸӣǸս


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˵ҵ˵ͷֿ˿ȷʵѾ쵽ʱˣǴԵһ
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ԭͨͨũôͻȻ˵ŷ֮УҲˣȻʲôħĺˣ縺ʹš
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ҲǴڽǣҲΪԼûãԾѾȦͨ죬ȻҺͰûȰȻǲȶֵĹͻȻ͵һ;ͳԼϡ
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ٿѾ߿ѪһϢ


746 һս

һ˶ŵõԲ۾ľϾͻһʱ˭ܷӦĹأ
ʱͻȻһӶڵķһڵӰѾһ³ſڴ˳ԭĶŵ
ϸһҸǴʧɫǺ䣬ǺһĲӣӶ֮̽ݺᵽ˿Уʼ嶶ϵ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪㲻ߣҪץ治װҼʱҲڿĶ
ѿոڶѾ⵽˺ͻȻϮʱ˿Ѫ߰ߣǿﶼʼѪ̵Ӱ£Եøӵ˵ȣȻЦˡ
ûЦˣȻЦЩӲŤȻʱЦЦ
٣ٺ٣ⶴѾˡˣһֱͰ㣬ſɵɵơ
ơֲŸճڣ߳ŭĺͻȻֵ۾ȭͷϸϸ׼֮ͻȻ͵һȭȥһ죬ɰȭһʱۡһŨѪٶ˳ĿڱһͷѪѾ˳ͷڶķ˿С
䣡ס֣
һһȭĶ̵ˣ̫վվɵӡ±ȼ֮⣬ȫݺݵسź˹ȥ
һҶվ䲻ŭЦͻȻһ˵Ӵǣʲô˼֮ǰҪǺҽ֣һŵò˵ֻڵװڵǶˣ
˵ֳɨһۣһЦѽô겻㾹ȻôҸ嵨ѣٺ٣Ľ
ǴЦȻ˵Ѿ׹¶ûȻ£ͻȻѾȭݺϣšžžž죬ǰѾȫѪһƬӶЩˡ
䣡ſַҳȥ򣡡
߬һŭ𣬰һѾÿʼײȻûκεЧһײȥ̾ͻᱻصĽⵯ
ٿ䣬ƺûƵģɨһ֮ͻȻһЦôǿĶ־治̫ϧˣѾҵ˸õߣֻںˡҿĿһٵߵḶ́һҲǻܣٺ٣Ҫľָо
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һûзӦǴŭһŭѾһȭͷݺݴĶϣһȭ̲סʼŻȻŻһһڵѪ
ңΪƵ۾֣Ҿͱã죡ֳҪ㣡
ܵġ
ڿڣ˵ʱǿһЦȻΪľʹ촽Ѿʼ
ңҲ򡭡
Ϊʲô
ٶȵŭô㿴ң߸ϡҵֻǸ࣬㲻ԸҶǲǣ
㣬ˡ
ЦЦ˵ңҲ֣Ϊ֪ԼĶ֡䡭Ұɡ
ͻȻ˵ֻҵĶһ㵣˭û뵽ԺǿлЦͻȻ˵ֺ־ĵĻôأ
˶֮ʱ䶼ס֪νӻźʱѾǿЦЦ˵䡭ңҺʱ߸ϹҲǸͽѣȫȻĶ֡κεӰ졭㡭ŹҡŹҡЩǰɡ
ô˵ֻôءѵ˵ǧʱĥ£ѾĥƽǣǵǸȶΪ֮ġ
˵ˡˡ
Ŀǰδеؼ㣬һ˲׹¶䶼Ϊ֮һ
ŹҰɣԭʲôǣֻǸûõļһ¹һսҽӴ˵ûõĶ
ĪĻֻ̿Ƭ֮ʧѪ߰ߵҡҡͷ˵ⲻܣҲ˵ĻȻ
˵ˣͻȻ̧ҿȴ޷Ԯĸźֱ۵̧ᵽɤۡ
Ȼ˭û뵽ǣһκ䲢û֣ͻȻһס°̧ͣ
ƭңԼ˵ѾΪһûõķôΪʱ˿᳤̻ϣ
źĻ˶ѾĿ࣬Ѿ˵ˡ
̡졭
û˵ϵıȴԵĪľΪѣȴһЦݺ˵ҸΪ׻ƶµһұ˭Ϊһë֮£Ҿϲ𣿡
ĬҲûܴӾ֮ѹǺ˽ҧŭɱԲԣɱ죬˵ʵû˲
ûУûɱ죡ͻȻ۾ŭ
ѣûɱΪʲôڱģƭӡ
ҡ
ͻȻȻ䣬ӭıǺݺݵȭһ֣ѡͨһڵϡ
ҲѣٲֳҷָߵͣôҾɱеˡ


747 ֳ
˵ʱͷеɨһۣ׹¶ǻȻЦ
ȻϵǣĻ£նش
ɱɡ
ʲô
Ļһڣɵۡ
㣬˵ʲôѵ㲻ǵ֪˵һƢҿɲǸ˵Ц
˵ϻɱɡ
ûȺѻ˵꣬ȻֱӲͷ̾˿֮ǿѪܵӵ˵䣬㾡뾡취вҾͺãҵĿԣ֮ΣҲ㽻֡
ΪΪʲôΪʲôǲ϶֣
һʣһѪĭӲͷ
ǲǴ򲻹䣬Ҫֳǲܵ飬ֲֳĶ֣Ƕʹġ
˵ҵģ
䳹ױŭһۣѾһѽץǽϣһȭȥ鴤ټ̴Ӱ죬Ѿʹˡ
Ҵû̬˵ļüͷҧؾǲɺһȭȭȥȭ˺ɳһڣȫ޷Ӧ
ԽǼ֣ƺԽŭת˲֮ĹѽˤڵΣͼƤȥںȭȭ͹֮£ƺ֧ŵ˼ޡ
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˵ŻͼһѾץϵľëȻһβûжֹͻȻԤ׵˫һһҽУϵƤëѾһ³һѪܵ˿ڡ
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˵һҧֿʼƴس󱳵Ƥë۵ҽУĽ۳ģǱȴȫ֪ôһʱ䶼ͷ󺹡
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ǹһͷһʱһ
죬麣±ɵӺ˵صˣڵ붯ˣߣ佻ֱشүڱ͵ϮһѾһϢ
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ÿһײ±رǽⷴȥײǽϣȻˤڵʱֻӶΣ붼ֵڶײţ˶֮ʱ±ײΣ˿±ѾײͷѪײɳȥ֮ˡ
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±ԽԽأҲǰֹȻӰɨʱȴ΢΢ҡҡͷͷʱһ
뷢ʣѾ˵ϣû˵Ѿʼ˫ֽӡ
ף㡭
ҸһڣͻȻһơͷȥȹùѾ軥վ˦ּ䡣
ڡ̡֮ڣǱǱסģǷڿҡҷ£ת׹ء
ɹùòûѾӻһŷ˦ּͬʱͼҰҲѾҧ˫ʮָ֪ڽʲôӡͼ
ȶ̵ġ
СͻȻһһͷһƴ˫еĻԪɡդϴÿһ£㱻ϵĽըõ˳ǰȥ
С㣬㣬ʲô
ʲôܲһֱɣ
С˵ʱѾ׷׸ʩ䷨ʼƵ𹥻֪ôˣҵһŻȣһĪϴͷӿ

һŭ𣺡סֵ㣡
ŭҲʼ˰ΣײȻյĽȴͳ±һȫ޷ͻǲŹֵĽ⡣
ͻȻվƴһΣ䲻ɵؾһ£һѾͽˤ˵ϣݺݺǿǺôĵӣһȺϰܺ
˵ͻȻһӵεſڷͻȻһӦͣһȺʬѾҡҡλε˽
ɱɱǣҪ˶ɽʬԶˣ
һŭȺʬ̿ʼצسķ˹ʱͻȻءһһעǰĳ˼ͣסݺݻͷһѾڵվҧŭź䣬ŭ䣡ҪɱɱңҲԸֳûиƴһսģҪӣ
ŭͻȻ䣬ͼĶͷྐྵͻİżӲĶͷϵƤë湰
ٺ٣ôΪǵء
һŭ𣬺ȴһЦ˵ͻȻת͵һ첲Ѿ嵽ǰļֻʬ˳ȥһ߿ţѳӭͷײŵĳ±˹ȥ
ûȴҷӦһ̧֣Ѿһס˳±Ĳӣžꡱһ±һƺߣѪѾﵹӿ˳
쵰
һ˲䣬˫ͻȻѪ⣬ֻѾƤ


748 ͻΧ
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ǵнǵ֪ǰһΣʱͷ̳Ľƺǳʵ״һ£ǥƵģ̳ȫ¡
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ЦѾŭسȥ֮ڣôĶ֣źֱۣѾȫڵأҪˡ
һȺûõĶǶԹɣ
ЦУݺݽ±˦ڵϣ±ʧȥ֪һϢ
ɱǣ
߳ʱһŭĽʬ̿ʼ塣
ʬ̫࣬ŶʮֻǱ֮УҪԸʮֻʬʲôѰ飬ڿȴûôˡ
ۿȺʬȿֺسҲҺϽһһ߳ŴҺ죡±
±ѾʣҾ͵ſڵλãһͻΪЩʬʳ
һ𣬴ҶƴվҲܻǲЩʬĶ֣֮û˵ˣܿͺһȺʬһš
죡ӳȥӳȥ
ֵʤУǰһ壬ѾԾػһţسѾʬײȥ
ȻϾޣûܳƽʬǵ½أǵסȥ·
һȺʬһͨ˺ҧǾܵۿȺʬҪͻųüβЩǰ˸ҧʱȻںһ麣벻æ
ߣα˵ЩûõĻʱҲͷ
Ǻãͽˣ
˵䣬ͼͻȻ麣˹ȥһ˫Ѿ§ס麣䡭
ߣǸʲô
û麣׹ѾһŭȣȻѾ̡;˵ĹϵѾˣȻƴȫ麣˼ϡ

һŭͻȻ麣ͳſڳ˹Ȼ֪ҪʲôһǶõԣһÿ·ȺʬҪŶ룬ɾʱ߼ͬʱѾ麣Ӽû麣أ͵һž麣ϡ
ѽ
麣һҽУߵߣѳſڷ˹ȥûЩʬ麣ȴѾȷµſڡ
죡סţ
һŭ𣬶ո麣һƺѾȫùˣʱ˿̻ŸոճڣѾͨһ˵ϣվվˡ
麣һߵſڣҲЩĽʬʼһͨ˺ҧ˫˫һѾԼĺ󱳽ſضס
Ⱥʬһ⣬˲ӷ˷һͿʼ麣ҧ۵麣ҽųĵ죡취ȾҰѽۡ
ȶţǾ
ոһҺòױȻ˷˲٣һĶѾڵɫ԰ʹˡ
ſڷһȻ麣ʱ嵲סſڣվǳ֮ߣ˵麣ƺܿͻŲסǳŵסǶʮֻʬһڿڵ֮£ò˶ã麣ҲᱻǳԹ⡭
֪ʱͼѾǽվüͷɨſڣ˵ҹƣνġ̡ӦֻΡԼЧܳȥһˣͳָ취ֱӰòҲܵþȡ
˵ף㿴˭ȥ
ҲһԹȻʱԴǵص˵ͷ˵Ҳҿԡ
û䣬ͻȻͼݺڱǽһţһŵĹԣǰһʹܵſڣƴ麣ϥһȷһŲ麣ͷϣմǶʮֻŵĽʬͷϴ˹ȥ
һȺʬ麣ţĶܿͻȻһɫӰûȰ£̳ͺ伤սһδαŭһѣ
ף
ȻӦһ͵һͷźײ˹ȥ
ֳܴң
˵˫һƺѾӭһй׼ۿͷϵļǾҪϣȻʱͻȻͼԾ𣬡ᡱһ˺ͷϡ
СӣȻôá
ûȺ䷴ӦںͷһţһŰ˹ȥ֮뻹ǱȽԶټϴʱ˿̵Ҳ͵һ֮󣬾Ȼֻǰܳ˴ҵľ룬ۿŰѿڵϡۿżֻʬѾתŰ˹ȴԶ
һʱ䣬˶ס˺ѾʱȥЩʬƴȳ׼
˭뵽ʱ˺ѺƤë˿УͻȻ䡰ۡһһֻѪܵسѸ͵һ¡
ǳĻһʱѪҷɣѾŵֻĿǰһܣһ̧ͷԼײ˰ĺ
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ٿҲѾصˤ˵ϣӱ˿ĳʼһͬ͡һѪܵС
ǳʱ۵ŤҽУһѳŰ˹Ͻסȥ·ŭ䣡Ҷ֣סңӮҲʤ֮䣡ֵ뿪طǸʹ죡
ŭУͣ˽ŲȻһĬ֮ͻȻ͵һȭͷ˵桭


749 ë
͵ȭͷڵϣ˲俪ʼŶȭͷµλѿһ϶´̳֮Űڵλ˹ȥ
ѿĵͬһһѸٴȫҪ̨ûȷ֣һѾؿ˵طС
ʧɫϽͼԼȴӵطʱȴԶһŭ𣺡죡ǰ·ĸɱ
仰һڣһĽʬѵתŰ˹ȥſڵϵİȴ򱻵ط쿨סһȵĹϵѣ
䣡ǺúսһͲôɵֶΣ
ΣգٶȾȵԼҲѾʼվֱѾˣ˵ȥȰˡ
ֻ֪һЦҪֻǶ֣ǴԼˣֻҪܴҵһֱڣôʼն޵еģ𣿡
㡭ɡ
˭뵽ںӲ£Ȼڲһ˱ɺݶġ
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˾Ǹ︮˾֮ɱȥ
һŭ𣬴ҿʼƴſڣʱ˿̣麣ĺ󱳼Ѿǰŵʮֻʬʳֻʣ˹ͷ۵Ѿжвˣֻܲסس鴤ʹ
ΣȻǶѾЩʬĿоȳȺʬѾ˵ԽΧסǣûܴгȥ
ȻڽͷһǹͻȻӰͨڴһſӵƿջͼΧڰΧһȺʬѽеӵķײ¡žڵϡ
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һȺֳʿʮˣһ̿ʼʬȺ
Եĳ¹ɵصһ߬դһǡôˣ
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һŭЩʿǵƴ㶼㣬ӵžײϣֱ͸ײʯͷƵģȫ𲻵κεá
ЦУͬҰһ͵سսʿȥۿƽսʿֻеǹͳذ׼սȻֿ֪ϹŽʬĶ֡
һĹ򣬼սʿѾѪ֮УǸǿʼƴ壬ʬǰſڶµģǸ޷ͻΧ
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ҵͷһɨʬȺ˷Ҳ֣ܿϣһëڽ
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⡱һϽ̧ɨǽʬͼϻһС鳤źë⣬һ˲ƺʲô
ʱԱ߾Ȼִһ
ţңڸʲô
ѭһȻһֻոջƴ麣˺ҧĽʬѾ֣ͣӵλҲڽһɰë
ңҲˣȥĿҪˡ
ۿ麣󱳶챻ʳˣ麣۵죬ɿ˫־ӣϾֻ׸ʹɲ˭ܳܵ˵ġ
û麣ŲطҸϽסְƻصſڴŭҶ˵ܾȴң
麣һŭ֮ҸϽֳʬȺкǿɻǵԼݣ̫ĺˣˣ
һŭʬȺּѾסС㡢ȹùõҲɵһֻСʵȶ̵ģڸ˭˵
ϸЩʬѾ˱仯
һ˵СҲһʱע⵽ֻʬһͬùһİëɵصһһϲغ麣⣿
û麣Ǻë꣬ǾˣʬΪʬ͵ħȻ麣Ѫ֮Ѿʼ͵ȵĽʬΪʬëꡭ
ë˵Ǡ͵һΣȼȴһĿͽʬ֮ϡ
ëëɫڣɺë꣬ɺë꣬ëǧУʵǧħ֮ϣ٣ɽë꣬ءѵС


750 ۺ
֮ʱſڵĽʬѾи˽ͣסֽŻʼԼë˫ϸش
ǡǾȻ
һȺʬ㶵ʱֳſȥԮĶԱֻʣսҲѾƴվʱȺԱܵʮֻʬĹȻǰ˵ǳĲ
ϾЩԱʹõĶһ㵯ҩ𲻵ħЧ˼Ѳȥʮֻʬǧٿף
ǰвƺܶԱǱȺʬ˺ƤĲҽ뾪ʮֻʬʱʱһЦ
ûõģ˭ҵĶ֣ҵôҲѳٺ٣ڲζֹǡ
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼηſڵļֻëѾıӰ˹ȥ
ҧǡ
ǻǰļ䣿
һϲû뵽ſڵ麣Ȼǽһ⡣
ʱͼͷһֻëݺݵͷû˵Ѿش佫˳Ͼ︮ĳԱһֱЯȻʱ˿ҵָѾʹһ£Ѿ˵ϡ
ֻëͷһͷ־︮ˣ
ϵǾ̫ˣȻ֪˭ɱǣ֪ǵݣ֪Ӧô˰ɣ
һû䣬ǰëѽüͷݺݵ˵ͷ䶼۷֮Ȼ汲ɽﲻ£︮ŵġ
˵䣬ǰëͻȻתźķ˹ȥۿȳڴɱһزҽУ仹ڲסؿЦƺûʶת䡣
ֵǣֻʬǵˣӦô죿
ͻȻһ𣬺ŴӶԱǵĲҽʱһ£ȻתͷʱͼʮֻԹ麣⡢Ѿ˰ëĽʬѾȥ
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ԭˣ˿̱һȭУ֡ۡһѪȻⱾýߴɳȥһȭȴδܵóѣƴҧסأ˫һ̣Ѿס˺ֱۣƺϧҲҪסһ


752 ǰǺ
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һѣǲŽʵִǲΡΡˮϰ˳ҸϽؽ߱Сתܡ
ұߴСǰܣںţ˵Сȶڵû죬һ׷һߺܿ㣡ǲǣѽѽں׷϶϶ˮһ׷һ߾Ҹ˸
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ںǴߴǼӿٶȸϽܣڿҪ׷ĺŵ۲ҽУСȵڵԽԽ죬׷׷ҲԽԽһĹҾ͸оƨɺһ΢ȣڱϵҲͻȻѵؿʵССңҿôʪˣ
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753 ɳʬ
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ʱԶ֮⣬ǻɳѾǿİתΪΣǧѩģ
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ˣ㲻˵Ҳˣͼ򵥵˵һ飬Ȼ˵Ĳϸ˵֮ѾˣʱǧѩҲѾһŷɳİ³׻ûΣٻͷһҲѾ׷ڲԶͣסŭشŴҶ˵Ǹܲôֶ飿Ѿˣ
һͷɨ˺һۣ˵Ҳ֪һﱻòУʱĶпմǳһ˵䣬ȵһǵĶԹһҸú㣡
˵껰ֳŤγЦǧѩ˹ȥûǿڣǧѩѾЦǣû뵽ǾȻܵҵǰͷˣ쵰·ϾңҲѵˡ
˵ͺ磿
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һ˲䣬ͺЦԺҽ߬ȭͷѾʪ˫ۡ
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جͻȻЩƲסԼֱӾǧѩˣҲ˵ˣһǰͬʱҲѾʼӡ
ȻСȴһѾͽק˻ҺͰһϽͷСȥûأͼҲѾ˫ͨСͷɵںĺ䣬һ˵䣬޻Ƶǲǣ㣬㱻ȵ´ж˿飡۾ϸǻƵ۵ŮŮɡ
С㻰һڣҺͰѾȻ
˵ģǰǻţһСн赶ɱʹÿ̫ˡ
һС㺰֣ǧѩ̧ͷǺһۣʱ¶ɫϵЦҲ˲ʧ
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һǰһԶŭţһһŭһһš
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ʱ˿̣ҲΪطĹϵѾȫǣ̧ȾǰߣҶҳʹ˸ɫ֮󣬸Ͻĵض㵽Աߣóһ·ͨ
˸һ棬ûŮٶȿڣͻȻ䣬͵һȭֱӳŮɵϴ˹ȥһʱһȭײŮϵһ˲䣬ŮɵԴѾΪɳɢ
ʱһ㶣ʱŮɵҲѾΪɳͬһɳһ㣬ҹѴȲȥת˲֮Ĺ򣬾ͼס
ߣ䣬Ǽѣйͬ޵ˣΪγ͵Ϯң
ɣ˭˵Ҫֻ֪Һ㣬Һˡ
û䣬ٶһŭ𣬺УͻȻͼ˫һ𣬲ɳѡءһըɢ̳
һҪ򣬴ҸϽ˼С֪ҰͲھͳȥΪͺ籨ǽ߬ҵ֣ο˵ȶ̵ģȱżֵǵĳһҪڻʱ򡭡Ϲʬսɲܽ˵ġ
ȻĵķߺޣҵȻҲСĻĬĬ˵ͷǰͼŮѾսһ𣬺ȭƵƵҳŮȴƵƵɳ裬ںΧһ
˴üʱͻȻһŭԶ
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754 ԩ·խ
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ۿžҪܵǸǰʱ˺üֱۣ㶾ͳֻʬսĵط˹ȥûڼսֻʬӦ͵һܹȥһ;ͳ˺ϡ
һȻʿҲǸǵģԭһûУʱͱԭת˸ȦֱӾסˡ
û䣬ֺݺؿһƣƵ֮ת͵ͬסŮŭģ䲻ǲǣ
ʱҲѾ˹ϾСȱĶȥܵ
ܵŮǰʱŮѾִӷɳлûһһ̸ͰŮɵ˫ȸ§סˣҲŮŭԣ䲻ǲǣ
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粻ǰϵģå˲䱩¶ţ˵Żһ˫۾Ůɵ§ŵŮһ죬ϽֻΪɳӴܳ岽ֻû
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硢ҪһϷŮɵɫԽԽѿȻӦǾϻõĸɮŮҹеŮåĶ˵ȥ
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˵Żͼӿڴͳһ˿ŮǰһΣɫ˵Ҫǲǧѩ۾ͼֺƽķʽ㵱ũʤҪӮˣͷˣҪӮˣˡ
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Ļ쵰
˵˭أѾŲţ
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һ˲䣬˿ҷɣѪѾʼ϶磬ֱӾˡ
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һѪŴӸոյת˹ȻûǳȥͺأȴһƬɳѳӭ
ɳ˲佫סʹֻܽ˵ϣʼ˺ץץķɳ
䣬޵üȻңαҪɱ޹
ֻʬֽɱһǸϽܹȥſڵϵͺקԱ߰ȫĵط˶ײѪͷۻˣקʱȴڲͣغš˿ơ˿ơ͸һ
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˵Ƿֿ֮ͺͺéɽȥȫ׷ɱŮɣûþҵ˶ԷǺһ찵صɱ
粻˵ҲܲµȻŮɵĶ֣úܲңŮҲǵù˭ȥ׷ɱðƫƫһԭ׳ֳ֮ĵȻʿһϹɽһ֧תֻ֮˶ǱſޣŮɴöˣһߴһ߿Ϊɶ͸ƤҩһճŮɣҲ˦˦ŮɻΪɳǱҵŮȻ׾ͽǧѩ彻ȥҲûޣ˸⡪
ǺƽҲĵģ㶷ɡ


755 Ԯ
֮֮أͺľͿʼŮɶ
ŮϹ֮ˣĶѽֽ110ԼJQKЩĸϵãǳİɣԼƺҲ볢һʵǾͺĸѧѧúܿ졣
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һ֮˾ʤŮ硢ũ񣬳ŵŮˣͽǧѩͺ˵ˣҲŶԷ
һһޣ硢һ˻һˣһûӮҪˣÿ˾˵㡢°ʽʼŮɲߡ
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һ·ϣֻҪ΢ϢĹ˾һ𶷵ٲȻӵ˱ѡ
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˵ŻŮɵıѾԽԽݣצҲԽԽߵĺѾָ׿ٳѪ
ιŮɣߣɳŲסôڣ
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ĺĻɳ˲һ̳֮УͼŮѾսһţһһ찵صزոա̥ǡŮɸ麣õ˻ָⳡҵشȻЩԱܹײ͵˵ġ
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û䣬ӮͻȻǰת˲֮ѾĻ̣͵һצӾͳı˹ȥ
ٿ磬ר־غŮɽ֣Ķע⵽ӮצѾҪ壬ûӦ
磬С󰡣
ΣգŵȻѾˣȻΣͷŮͻȻһһδȭͷȥͬʱͻȻüײһԡ

ŮһУ类ײһͳһԵȥȻȴƬ֮ס־һȭͷŮɵ䡭
һȭʮ㣬Ůɵʱءһ죬۵ŮɲɵƺһȻȴûз
һʱ䣬ƺסһ㣬ͼȭͷʵʵŮɵ䣬Ůһֻ麣ͷһֻ߬סӮץԼӵӮָ׾ŮɵĶҲһ׶һͽŮɵƤ
ŮɾͻȻ˺ԼֵĵˣⲻֹǾסӮҲѾԲ۾ûзӦ
ŮŮɡ
Ĭһ֮Ӯž㵵ؿڣΪΪʲôΪʲôҪ
㻹ң
ӮĻһڣŮ˦צӣּһ;ͳӮϣӮǳˡ
㣬㻹ң
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ûӮӦŮ麣Ѿߵ㣬ȴ˵һԶԶֻǸ̥



765 ҪŮ
麣һ仰Ƽ򵥣ȻȴӮĿϺݺݲһѸֵһ㡣
̥ڵ棬̥ʲټ̥ҲԲȻһ˽һģӮǶһݶˣӦǾϻǧꡱ
ֻ麣һ仰֮ӮȴѽʧأŭɨŮһۣͻȻŭŮɣôˣǲӦøһˣ
ոŮһƺᣬͼŮ죬ͷɨӮһʵ𰸣Ҫʲô𰸣
ôˣָҵһλᣡҪѻ˵ף˵㵽סҡ

ӮŭʱѾż˫ֱ߬ȭͷˣŮȴû˿ԥһڣӮĿ˲ֱԭأѾӲһûӦ
Ӯһֱ㵱һһӦôԶзǷ֮룿̫ʧˡ
Ů⻰ӦٶһһŭǣǷ֮룿Ϊ㲻ϧ㸸׵ķΪ㲻ϧӦˮЩΪʲôңֻڷǷ֮룿
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ŮɵԽرٿӮѾָ˲Ұ׵ϣȦѿʼ죬ʬȻҪʹᣬһδ
ʣӮҡͷˣͻȻ˫־סԼͷҡͷ˻ҲţҲģҲţ
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û뵽⻰ŸոճڣӮѳŭ˹ȥŭӦҵŮˣҵŮˣ쵰ҵŮˣҪ㣡
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ŮɵĻӮٶȼЦŮѾ˵ȥһ£ҲϣԺҪټȥˣҡĲϲ㣬һϲûУøж࡭
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Ůɻͷɨһֽۣ˵Ѿûɱ쵰ˣȻ︮ôȤǾͰǰɡǼסʬͬͨħѾɠʬǧҪСĿأʳҪ鱨ɱ
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ἰǡ֣Ůתɨ˹
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766 Ļ֧

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ܣ仹һܣúµЩʬֻԽزʰʬҧ˻ԽԽ࣬ԽԽĽʬҧ˸ˣܿ죬ֻеͨϰҲͿ̿ⳡƽ٣ܻᵼ˼Ļ𡭡
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һӵ麣ʧɫؾǣҪ
ֻǿֻʣ¸ͷֿģװһѡ
˵Ż߸ʹ˸ɫصͷ˫麣һ֣͡һͽ麣Դֱϡ
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麣۵һҽУû뵽Ѿ䵽ֵزˣȻܸоʹë幹죬
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767 
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麣شЩҲżȻĻ˵ģ˵а޴İش˵е֮ţ赲˵ȥ·ûܳɹѰҵ֮ţңֻ֪ô࡭
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˵ɣһ󣬴ҵĶѳ
ʱֻ麣ֽ˵ߣľֻ֪ЩѣҵѰ꣬Ҳ˵İţϲԼļƻ˵Ϊȥκˣ˵ֻһѹ߶ѡ
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һĻֱɵۣʹҽУС̾˿ҡҡͷ˵Ҳͦ׵ģ׳ʿһΪôͱȺҰСĸˡ

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ոպͺ伤սʱ͸֧ȭٶȶ˵ӮһצˣһʱǡһѪǶƤ֮С
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ٴӮٶɢټٴӱϮһצһĹֱץ˼˺ۣȻȴȫû˼ӮһһӮĹƺҲңȻǹҵ
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˵䣬ӮִˮлûΣ͵һѾסҵĲӣҴӵ
٣ٺ٣㻹֣ڹԹģҵܸȫʬ㿴Σ
ȥȥүİɡ
ƴҪȴֻ֫ľ첲Ѿ̧ˣֻĲϡһĭ

ӮʱŭɷͽצӾȻһצû£ͻȻһŭʵһɨȻٶ˫иһŽ⣬ѳӮȭ
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ʱһŭٿ֮ǰѾ̱ڵϿʼӡ
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޷ߣӮֳֻΣͷݺݵ˰һۣҧؽ־ȻҲǰʹáС
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Ӯʱһ˫ȭͷͻȻ̯ͼ˫֮н˸оȻ߬Ƭ֮ۡ
ȻƬѱ򵹵ĺѳģȻƬУҲƬʳƴĳ嵽ӮȻѾǱ˱ľģһоƬӮŵ˲䵹һѾƬѾ硰͡һӮĺ֮С
ƬһӮҶоһĪʼߡڵŵҸϽſһ̧ͷһӮѿʼҳ鴤̲סһҽУצӻҪӡ
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ۿС㱻ץԺСˡһҲ˲˱ģǱؾǰ壬ҲʧɫȥҪˣȻӮѱƬֹסȴڷػצӣһʱǾȻ޷ٿС㣬ӮһֺֻݺסӻȥƬȻҲѾ˳Ӯֱ۴Сϣ۵СҲѵشӺ﷢һҽ
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ʹ֮УԲ˫۵ӮͻȻһЦǿЦ߬С㲱ӵѾԽץԽָѾؿƤ棬һѪ
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ҪҪɱɱҡҪɱɱҡ
ǱſڵƴУȴ޼£ۿӮצʹѾСֺֻͻȻ֮䣬һɫĵͻȻӮС۴ըһƬ֮ѽ첲ԼצȫȫС
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ɻӮķéɽ׻ǰĻ˭
Ǿ֮ʣͻȻͼһ۵ǿӸ߿֮ͬһʱ䣬һɫѡᡱһӿնһážһ´Ӯһ첲С۱䡭
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͵Ϯҡ
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ۿӮ˵ǰȴû˼ֻǵͷڵϵС㣬ĨааЦͻȻʧü֮͵һ̧֣Ѿ׼ޱȵһ߬סӮ߸߾󡭡
ֻҪڣû˸ŮһһʬҲãҲա
ǱŸոմͻȻӮһС
ҵ֣
֮࣬ѳԼԷץסֻ˹ȥѪ˳ֱ»
ʱͼ̧ժīһ˫ɫ۾ٶעӮ
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ٿѽԼջأһѾһеپȫͻڲͣźţѪ
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ܵÿ죬ȭͷɼֻʬ֮һͷʬȺ֮УŻȴΧĽʬϡ
ҪӵûӰүúݺһۣû˵ʹҪ׷ȻŸոաͨһڵϣûȴȥأʬȺＸֻʬѾȳ˹ͷһֻʬ͵һ¾ͽ˵ϣү˦ּͷʬȻĽʬѳһʱҲֻʱ׷ļƻ
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Ȼô׾У΢΢һЦͷһƣȻȴûӮٿӮѾһΡءһըλΪˮɢ
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ˮ֮УͻȻӮЦȻȴˮ֮ڵͻȻҲһЦûڣ˫ȴѿʼǰӡ

ӡһɣͻȻͼһżҵصѴԾ˲ͼ˸ܡ
ǰһˮΧסȻһ̣Ѿ˳ǵصˮˮУֻӮһҽвڶ
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ŭ쳣˺ѷΣѭһںľʬȺڵүȻѾ嵽ǽ£
ү׷ϣȻȴѱΧһȺʬסϲ֪ʱȺʬ˺ҧ˿ڣѱˣ纰ĹһֻʬѾ˵ϣϺݺҧһڡ
һüͷүһطɻȥҲǸ˵ˣｻҾͺãʲôң
ĺүֻɨһ۵ûشֿʼƴõķ˹ȥ÷һƴȫʬȺгѾŽʬļݶ߬Ƭ֮һź죡ͭ˭ϣ
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˽Լ粻ɵػͷһȥȻֻһͷĹһɫĽ˲ᴩĿڣ֡͡һĹ


792 Ŀ
һ˲䣬ֵ˵Ǳʯһ㣬ΧĽʬڷعУȻһƬհףжֳ˿ɫ
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عͷȥ̧ۿǰޱض΢΢һɣƬ֮Ѿžડһеͭϡ
ΪΪʲôߡ㡭衭ˡ
עߣȻʱȴ߽ӲѸֳһ˿Ц
Բ쿪ʼѲٲսˡ
߻û䣬˸ĽѴĿڰγһΣͨһ͵˷ϡ
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ǰⳡӳУֱһΣһ˼ΣôأΣͷǵ˾ȻɱܣΣ
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ζǷĽǽ桢Ƕһʱͷٶȡ⡱һ
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һʱ䣬ԺоֳһݵӰſɵѩɫܣϴһϲߡ
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ⲻܣһҶʱһŭžͳõķȥȥ˷ҵʬȺ֮У硢ԼҧûԪɡŵС㣬ʼҡҡλεҵŭǰ塭
үͷһǳʬȺУ˲ʧɫϽֳԭصһŭ𣺡磡ȣӽԺ︮Լжϣ
һ⻰ݺһҧ«ﵽʲôҩ
Ȼô˵ţǽ۸߸߾ָ΢΢һʬȺƴɱĶʮֻ׹̺۽ʬȻͬǣľżһؿʼֵܼ˵ķ£˹ܿ커࣬ȻͬһΧһȺʬ˺ҧ±
ٿҲûţ½ʬһҲѾһʱ䳯׷һʬȺ̻˫ųûþ׷ǣûгǣǸǵ׼ȷ˵ǸСͰֻҪнʬˣ׹̵Ļʬ֣ԳֽЩ˹Ľʬķѡ
׹ȺʬĿ·ڻ֮£ǺܿѰȫִǰĿյأ̧ͷŭһֶͭ塢һֳַֽߣ̲סһŭ𣺡ߣ㣬ô˺Լֵܣ
ɨһۣȴû˵
ʱͺѾһŷϴ˹ȥһֻֻɫĹ⽣̼һ裬˲ѽƵõ˻
ٿߣɫĹ⽣ֻ£λõڽĻ֮±նĺ蹵ŴصĺȻѣѽΧȺʬǷָ
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һȣڷϵǻͷɨһ۱Լ𷭵ļˣֵͷɨһȴѾ޷磬ͻȻ΢΢һЦڳ˵ʼգй֣ܶΪϤģӦ֣
߻һڣ˶˲侪סѾһվ˳ϸϸ߾ܣôǸҸϤ
ģȻϵãβ֮ⷱУȵ֧ʷḶ̌
ͻȻһЦ˵ôĵαװû뵽ȴǲһͱʶƣǱĸ磬Թ˫ɽͨޣ֪ĳȷʵҵļƻҼʱȻĻѾʶݡ
㣬˼ǡ
ߵÿһ仰һѼ⵶һҵĿڣȻ˵ʱѻ𵱳ڻߺΪҩȴѰǼ
ԭΪ⣬һһ˵֮С
⻰ѾȦͨ죬ȴֺҲףΪʲôҪôΪ˰Ϊ˰õɣɱ˶Լͬ飬㾹ҪԣΪʲôҪô
ǣ˭㲻ҲͬΪԼΪûһ
΢΢Цǿһʣ𣿡
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ɫԽԽѿʱ˵꣬ҺγԴȱΪΣԣΪ֮ףɡΪΨҪԼνħ֮¡ħָѡԼʱ޷˵ѡվһȻǣڵõɣֶʲôԡѪսϧҲҪΪӮɣȻѶ֮ȴһ֮ضòҲݱ˵öԣ˵̰ħĪģ̰֮ıʵԿ򿪣ǽĿһУһʰȨΪޡΪ⣬ЩòȻˣԭʼıԡ
˵ʱͼߵѱԽʱԵүСʵġĵô£
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֪Ȼ֪Ϊʲô㲻˵ΪʲôҪ׹ۣͬ
ͻȻһʣүüͷøˡ


793 ٣Ѿ
ĬƬ̣үͻȻ̧ͷֳ˹ȥʵڣ˳ħѳ׼ǲң
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үٶʻһЦشңڵʱҾѾº˷䣬Աʱ֮衣
䣿ͻȻߣΪĿơ
ү͵صһҲȫס
ȴƽͣٶȵͷ˵Σʼʱִֻ֪̫ȴû뵽ҲǸˣһֱڰеҶԲԣ
ȻˣҲֻܳϡ
үش˵ûߣȷʵͶ˻ɡ麣˵ˣһֱڰвħһһͼ︮׹ʵõƽ⣬Աɱֱ֮µ˿ɲ࣬ߣһ
ŶΪʲô˵һЦ
ܼ򵥣Զʮǰɽ֮︮ʧԪˣʮʵȻڶʮиǸ֣͵һʱƴճں֮ڶѣ︮ĹߣʼնֻһˣǾ㡭վ︮˵ΪŬ׹̵ļȽɱԼ749507ֵͱ֮½ҴڣԽ׳վ麣˵˵ȫά︮Ϊƽ׹֮ľ룿Ͼ׹̽Խǿ󣬿׳ٶѳԤϰɣ
֪ȴû뵽㾹Ȼֵز
⻰һЦͻȻʣԣΪͿʼɵҵˣ
ɣǴ507ʵر١úʼġ
үʱ麣ݵĻǾ԰ȫģΪʲôҪһŪѵΪȷİȫȻŽ麣ŪãʬħΧʱԴӵȻɣʱҾͿʼ룬︮ĸ߲֮һڹ˽ǵһһʱ֪ؽӽ24Сʱȫ໤麣ʵڲĻɵһ·ĺֵϡ
ǣֵܡ˵û麣ͷϵӵȡģ֮԰Ūãԭֻһߣ˵ǻ쵰޳Ҷ㣬վҵĵֲֻû뵽֮ľͻȻʬħΧõҲã麣ԼϣҸı˼ƻҪǿܶҸ;
˵Ҳ̲סʵô˵ʱ麣ŮָģҲ㣿
ûҲҡ
߶΢΢һЦЦݺͱ鶼Ѹİ
ֻԼȥ¶ĺ׹һսһԥ֪ԴСҪңҪңҪңֻңٺ٣²Żҡ
ԭһжİţ㵽ΪʲôҪô
𡣡
һһ꣬Ѿشûκεԥ
ҲҪЩΪкħǸǸ߸󣬽µūƣ͸ȻҵĳŵأڿߺҪõɡҪƽȣǻ񵱳ĹһԼѵõɸ߸ϣ󣬲ɱϧõƽʱ޿̲ɱˣǴģȻ˱һ쿪ʼϾѾճ˹İԼŢıһ壬ƾʲô߸ۣ֮ͱǸľԵĲкһĻ궼ɢ֮ʱþþҷ˻𡪡
߷ؿ£ݺݵ˵˵ֲµĴ󡭡
ЩԶ޷ֲġ
ͻȻڣȻȷʵ߷Ц
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үٶŭ𣺡Գɵģ˵û˻㣡
ûˣû𣿡
ү⻰ٶЦйܶ໯ÿһʱ䣬ҾͻԲͬסͬ˼䣬֧򣬽ܴÿһ䣬Ǳɽߣ뱻ߵľݱȴЭ飬£Ҵļɽص˼䣬ɢĴ̰ģܴңɼʵأÿ˶ᶯҡÿ˶᲻ϧΪ˴ɱ䣬ѵ𣿡
˵꣬ݺһҧԣΪıǱ˼䣬񣿡
ʱĳö˵ѾҪˣж֮٣ҪкʵѵҸܿЩˡȥɱкͬ࣬Ǽˬ顭
ѽʲôǣͲǷֶԸ𣿡
ͻȻһЦ⻰˵ƺȴû˿Ӱһ㡣
£ΪҪ£ֺαع򶨣׹Ҳã︮ҲãôĲ֮Уѽȫõԭ趨õλϣ֣ٺ٣ܷĽ᣿ܷǧԩܷ̰
˵䣬ͻȻ߸߾еıˮֱϲԡ
٣Ѿ٣ֻܰҵĹ滮ǰѡ񡭡


794 ˵
˵䣬ͻȻ͵һ˫ۣˡһһѴɢײöϵҡҰڣòײסβڵ·ʬȺ
ȻѾ߽µȻѾʧȥסεէֵһ˲䣬ͼѾȱײһʹӷϵ
ۿҪʬȺֵǴʧɫϽȿֺؾǰ壬һѾ˺ۣʱ˿վѾվˣ˵ܹȥˡ
ûǳʬȺ֮䣬ֻ׹̽ʬѾʬȺ֮һԾ𣬽Ƚ֮˦־ͳǵķ˹ʬȺ֮мɱ
类׹ҸϽȥסһ˵أϽ飬ȴԲ۾ڵϣǺѾ΢ˡ
磡˯˯
ϢԽԽҶԱ߽Ѿ仯ΪǧѩģŮɣҲѾԱ߽߬
΢΢תͷǧѩͻȻΡΡؿڣʵ㡭㵽СѩŮŮɡ
ҡҡ
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Ȼ֮ǰѾӮͺˣŮɵȴ˿δ͵վҪϳ壬Ȼû뿪ȴ֪ڱ߬ס֡
ǧѩ˲һ㶣ͷȥֻһڶ
𡭡嶯ǡˡ
硭˵ˣ磬취ֹѪ
ҵʣ˵ʱƴĿڣȻѪȴֹסش˿еӿ
𣬱ߣֻǡֻΪСѩڣڼǺҶѡǵġ֡֡ܡ
£һֱֱضڷЦߣ󣬵ѲŮɲҪ嶯ߵҪġʵ
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ֹͣһ˲䣬ͬȪӿϮҵͷ
ֵܣǣ׬öģ׬ٵģ
׬ٵģ׬öҲҸɣƨۡ
СӺ˵˵ʲôأŸ죬ƨȥİɣԺúøҸɣ˭۸㣬

磬ѣѣһ˯ȥԺ۸ô죿㲻ǲǣľưΪǱһѻˣ㲻ǻưǲǣ磬
ƴ˻ȴڵϺϢĿڴѪҲ⵹ӿСͺ綼ĬˣʼͷĨᣬ˶ʵʵܣ
һ·Ǹεգٵķꣿʱ޿̲ǵңԶһļӱǣô˵뿪뿪ܣԲܣ
ʱ˫ͮͮ۾ڷϵŭ˹ȥݺ˵ߣӦýĶ𣿼кޡûаǵɹԼˣվ빲ôãѵһ鶼ûУôֶ֣
飬ǺõĶ
һЦޱľ˵Ϊ˸˲Ż̰Ҳ˸飬ҲŻĴ˵籾ͲҪֶò˶ãͽϵһһʧ
˵ŻͻȻ־еͭƣԼɢͭϵĿƬٶһЦ˵Ϲ֮˱Լˣ̫ȴɸạ̊́ղŵ֮ս޷صľ棬ħ˼䣬̫ȴɶ౨һ֮ˣǷӡĳ˯֮Уٺ٣ҵһ֮£ӭ˸յĻᣬˣҪҪ
ѣ𣿡
үһʡ
Цŵ˵ͷ˵ȻΪǧҶЩʲôֻǲϵھвħ֮ڣδ̫ˣü̳˹˫ƴɱҲԶԶԻ˼䣬ǣȴֹһС
˵ϻ
߻˵꣬Ѿվ˫Ĺݣݺݳߵ˹ȥߣ㣡
˵䣬ѾһȥһЦۿźҪ嵽ǽ棬û˵ؽն
ĵĹ⽣һΣһ˲䳯ź˹һŭ㿪Ƭ֮ǽڵըһ׳ĹۣȻӹһ٣ߵһȺʬȴ˲ͱǽնϳ롭
Уӣ
ۼѾΪʱһֳź羪һͲ֪ǿ֮
ǿΣܲܡ
˵䣬үҲѾ÷˹ȥٿѾٶָ̧΢΢һʬȺɱ׹̺۽ʬ̶ֹͣɱõķΧ˹ȥٿΧЩŰĽʬ߰˳ɶѾȺʬķɱֻʣһСȻɱУҲѾκвˡ
ΧһʬһƬǻֱͬһ㡭
׹̵һս֣ʣµĽʬŤתͷڵλ˹ʱͼѽīٶժ£ۿЩԵĽʬӽͻȻĲһХֱ͸Ӯʬĺһޡ
һ˹Ľʬ˲䶼ʼûһǰһ


795 ʹ
ССʬҲǰ񣿡
Ⱥʬ䣬Ⱥʬŵ˺
ͼЦǺɫ˫˸Ŀ⣬ˡ
ʬΣʬΣԳʱǻˣ˭ڱǰԳʬڣ
˵䣬ͻȻһȺ˵Ľʬ˹ȥԭԺǵȺʬһӭȥŵø˾ҪߣȻûʬȺɢٶһŭ𣬰ǵĺ֮ѭ˫ۿʼת˫ǰһƣ˫˲䳯ʬȺ˳գۼĹѻΪһŵȺʬС
ȻȺʬҽУȻڲİȴ޷ѣĵҴܣȺʬܿѽյƤ֧飬ңеһ˲䣬Ѳؾס
ۣƣ˫۵ʽΪʲô˵죿
֮ҳ̱һԵİȥͼҲѾıӰ¶ɫ
⡭ⲻܣ˫ۡħʦ˵ʦ˵⡮˫ǵҸ׵Ķûеڶ˻ᣬҶʦĻ佥ѧϰּԼ˵츳ѧġ
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˫ȻŴƶȴں˶ɽԼ֮һָ߽׷ɲ˭ѧģôʱ䴧ĦֻѧƤëѣô͵ѧοһʦżһеڵһѧ᣿
˵ٶȽӡƵУ׵罻ӣֻּʬ֧顭
ս֮࣬ͻȻֻͷɨһЦ˵һֱǲǣҵɽɱĸŴƣҽûи׵Ĺ¶ʵúҡ
ΪΪʲôΪʲôҲú㣡
һʣȻûȵõĻشߵĿЦѾݶϴ
ʵмҺ֮ǰ㣬СɽλùڵľңĶȥ׷ɱҲҡ
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߻һڣ˲䱩ŭ
⻰Ҳһ¡
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ǻ˳ͷԣ氮٣˾һɽӴ˲£ȻʦԼ׹̵ȴͬʱϵɽ֮չһѪսСʦУŵʧأɱʦ˶ħ汻ɱС㣬Ϊ׹̵νһֱ񡭡
һȡ
뵽Ҳɵصһ˵£˵İ汾УʦӿΪ׷ɱ׹̽С㲢ѰŽɽǵö׿˵ģΪߵȴһ汾ʦ׷ɱʦˣԼҵΪҪ׷ɱԼأ
ȻûҴӾ֮зӦͻȻһŭһͳŷϴ˹ȥ
˫ĿԲɣ֮ǰÿһ¶ʱģֱˣ˼ŭ⻹ҵһο
ʱѼϷ͵һƾͳ˹ȥ
ȻҲɱӽն׻һ˲ըʱ򣬺硢үԼһȺʬҲû嵽˷ϣ˷Χм䡭
ߣԭҵľ㣡ΪʲôҪô
ŭݣһЦҵʹСȻǾֱϵᣬѶ϶ҹͳɾͲ˴£Ϊħ׹̼ϵвȣСôɿڴӦԷɽϮŮ˸ͳɲ˴£ܴŵʱӰвҸˮ׹ǿʢԣұһʵ׹߳Ӱǿʢ׹ʦ֮ĳ޴ﵽ޶ȡ
ѡҡʡ
ٺ٣ǵȻ
Цɽűĵӣʦľˣ޳Ϊ׹̽˫ĳ˲ͻᱻ󣬶ȻûйҵԤлҪֵøӳɫ㲻Ϊõһӡ
Ҫ㡭
ߵЦͻȻ֣ȻзһʱͼɫĽ׻׷ɣת˲Ѿû찵أΧΧһȺ޷һ
һû취ս֣үϽִӷ嵽߸ϽһͼҶΪ˿ڣһսսʵСӣȥЩҩƷûµģһûµġ
үˡ
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үȴûǺǰ˹Ȼһæµ֮Уջǡͨһ˵ϣǰĳĬ
ү⵽ô£ҡеҡ
޷ľʹ˲һϮҵѹƽľ
һжĹ
ү̾˿شϷͬھȴȣ˼أҸȫͷ˵þ֮δἰֻ︮Ѱȴһֱûҵû뵽ȻߣǸңȻ֪ҡ
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796 踺
ߣһжߵȦף
үüͷ֮ʦСһһĿľǱ߼ָܲӣ߼۲һҲͲµҶлɣԵ֮ŶҶֽš
үԴԴ˵쵽׷ʲô
ү˵С׷ŽħСӵټȻ֪йŹ֣δⵢ˵ʱ䣬̾ͳ˽
ȴû뵽һӣү˾ͱĽʬΧû뵽ǣĻľȻϹŵĽʬ䡣
үΪڳֻҪͨһܴȺʬİΧ֮ɱȥȴû뵽ûȶ֣ȴʼԣòܿ
ʧغĵһٶ͵ϮߣϺݺݲһʼԼ˴ɱ䡣
ү˵ʱѾȫʧȥǣһЩ֪ȴȫ޷Լʬ壬֪ѾȶԼ֣֮ôΪ˲ȡ︮˵Ρ
֮ʧصүͻȻ˷һ㿪ʼʬȺɱһѪ·ҲȨڻǧѩ˳ȥ
ΪʲôҪǧѩҾ㵵ʵ
үüͷ˼Ƭ̣ɨһڷϺԼ׹Ⱥʬսߣ˵ԭ򣬿¸߹ֲ׷749һ749Ҳ¼ֹǧѩȥԮĿΪ˰ңֻаңû˻ỳɵȥװ޹غһ𱻺ץΡ
Ҳɵһǳ˼ܣȻ̶ֳܵȣֱǵ
ҸϽʵôΪʲôҪ׹֣ǸոյִʱȻϮǣүòɣ
ҲǱΡ
ү̾˿˵Сʱ749ڻң߹ߵǧѩҲնذҵڹ749ԭһֱΪҺֵܹϵɣ︮ҲңȫѾΪʸ֮ģ֮£˭ң
ͼ׹̣
ҡȲѡ
ү̾˿ǵʱѾһ£ԽȤĿɲǣ׹̵Ѿ͸Χұݺڲ岻ҪܲܿһȦ׶ܣû취ֻʱ׹̡
Ϊʲô׹̵Ϯǣ
ԭһֹǽ壬Уʱ֮£Ҹ޷ǵʵ˵һǸţ׹̵Ļɡû뵽Ǹ쵰ȻôˣҴȥЩ׹飬סǵĿĶûﵽ
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˵䣬үɫŷϼսɨһۣ
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˵Ѿվͳһսߣʽ
ʽʽʲôֱԶһС
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磬ֵһֵ㡭
ҲӵƴͷͶݺȺʬΧмߡ
ϵļսѾԽԽң㱻һȺʬԼΧסȴӦ磬ٲȻһĿһе
ɻûǳȥͻȻ䣬һѴԶѭһȻһȺ׹̺۵ĽѾֳŸַӿ˴õķ˹
ͻȻһȺ׹̽ӿ˹ڼս̧һɨͻȻһеıˮɫĽ⡰ৡһɨȥһӷϵȥ
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һƺҪûսߣѾɱ۵ʱŭ͵һۣнһͻȻ¶˻
еͻȻһʼ˻ΧһȺʬܵӰһҲʼŭ
ߴӷȥ֮Ѿ˳˼ʮףͷһɨеͭƣͻȻһЦڷŭɶȻһֱڰڲ㣬ȷʵǵһ潻֣˵еĻ˵ȷ˵ǻлһսǽ졭
ߣӲˣӵĺǣҲһץ
ŭͼΧȺʬĺҲø˺ѷʱֻ͵һָ֣ߵķٶһŭ𡪡
ץҪҪʬ
δ䣬һȺʬѾצسߵķ˹ȥȻȴѾʧڴߵĺҹУʧȥټ
һܣǵȻ׷Źڷϵĺ磬Ⱥ׹̵Ľʬһ׷Ȼȴһѽקס
סһ˲䣬ŭŭ֮붼ͷһצӣȴ׾ٵľһ߬סɫ˵֧֪͸Թְӣ׷ȥʲôã
⻰粻ɵһ£ת˲֮Ѷݺвͷſҡ
֪ΪУܱŭסǻҪ㣬ҲŲô࡭
ֻ˵һ飡ſң
ȻȫȥȰ棬ɽץԼţһצץ˹ȥûצϣŭҲѾȼ˲־һƣݵĵ⣬硰ͨһ͵˵ϣĵס
Щˣȫץȥ


797 ޾֮ҹ
һҹսӼΪȥǰĿյʬֱۣ˲бһսĽʬʬǷһݵض˲ɵθ鴤̲סŻ
һȺ׹̵ĽѾӰΧ˵ҲʮˣӦòڹϸģǹⱻѹ˺棬ǹЩ׹ĽʬΪǲӼսʬȺһҲԽ׹̵ٵС
ôˣȻôġ
׹ʰо֮ʱһȺ֮һץȻֻͨľǵַ˱󣬵Ѿ˵ҲѾӶӲˡ
ʱЩ׹̵Ľڴֱؽʬ̧ߣҵļѾʼѪȴȫֹŭֹǵʹˣֻһ׹̽ڵǰŲһ
ᡭһ㣬˵̫ء̫ˡ
Ҷ⻰ʵֻض޷ƶȴû뿪ǣȻľʵȴҲܲܵģѾ

ϳׯ֮Ǳɿ֮УһƬС֣ܿ׹ͣյϵļֱ֮ǰүԼһȺʬ͵ϿյǼܡ
ֱ֮ΪƹصĹϵֵǴѾڰ״̬߶ѾʼģˣȻҲ֪׹̵ҪǴʲôطȥ
ڻʱﰵʱ䣬ŶʮӵĹ򣬷ɻѾʼ£ʻԱǰͻȻֹ
˵Щ쵰ĺǽĻһֱӰɱ
һڣһһ𻰵㶮ʲôЩ˲ɱȻ⣬֮հˣʲôѵҲλһΪĥ
һ⻰ǼʻԱŲ鲻Ըر죬ŷɻĽ½ͻȻ̾˿ûסֱԹ˵λҲ湻ģһӶΪڵͱţ˵νҶǴ˵ڿɵˣȻ
Ȱ˵䣬¶ܲ͵˵ģСı֪һָͷʹԴ
ѽⲻ۸ʲô氡
˵Ĺ򣬼ֱĻͻȻһƬֲָĺڰ֮Уǿ̧۳ŲɨһۣǵĹûУֱжϣƺѾʲôοտɽ֮С
ʱɻѻأͻȻꡱһŴ˷һյǿƵĹâѾ˷Ľ˹ܱյĺڰռ硣
ڻ˳ŴһܿȻɽﲻʱֻһ󼤵ؽŲյѾ˴
һһȺ۵׹ֱ̽ʼֱڵ̧ȥַŵ˵棬տɽͷ̧˹ȥ
ϸɽһɨƺһεĻأʩ䱸ȫֱǴӶһ翪ϵԶģǶŻûйرգҳһۣ¹ͼ滹ܿһʵɽ壬ȻӦһ׹ڲɽܻء
ȻûһĹȺ׹̽Ѿõ̧ܽһҶƤŵȣһȺڽȫ̧Ⱦͷһ󷿼̧ȥʱһӦһηм䲿λդդһӣȴһΧǽڸһš
Ƕ̧դڷ֮һȺ׹̽뿪ûãһŲܿŲͣſڣſһѾſڴ
ƣ׹õҩõҽ
óѾ̧ͷȥˣһսÿ˶Ҫ˶ܻţѾʵס
ճڣͻȻһ𣺡⣬ⲻ̫ðɣЩ˶︮ĺļԱ749ĸ߲ɲ¹ǵǿûٺǵֵܣһɵΪֵǱ𣿡
Ȼᱨڡ
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˵һ䣬ΪƣЩУһ㣬Ҫᡭ
˵⻰ʱնɣԱǲĶҳɣҲٷϻϽӦһ˳ȥ
󣬽ŲٶƺѾԽԽƴŤͷȥſڣͼѾդİ칤ǰڵ̣ĸˣһŮһͬ׹̽۵ү
ѲоʰøɸɾԲܱ˲ȻĻĿǰֻǸӵĲ
һڣһ̵ͷӦһû˵ת߳η
˿ֿ̣ڵô󣬹ǽоʰ»ڸ࣬ȥԱȫ˼ʹϵһҪ¼ѹȥԲֳ
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ʱͼ̧ͷɨһޱǶʮŮ˵磬м±ȥ죬ϵһܵнڣȫߵ䣬ζҪٶȰһصͼ
ǡ
ŮӦһϽҲ첽߳ηһߣߵүʵͼԭ֪ͭƵ;㻹֪ʲô
үʻһ䣬ͻȻһЦûүӦһһסүĲӡ
סһ˲䣬ֻүһƺߣѪѾ˳źеѾʼʳүƤ⡭


798 ǵ
ܣڲңӦŶԡ
ݺݵүЦƭúòңڿ˵︮ڶѶߵ˾ԲŴӳͶң˵ɷ£һĵû뵽ңװǻƵĴ׹̵ȥϮ749ֱѽܣȻʿյĿ㾹ȻƵԼ׸ͷˣ
ң㣬ûк㡭
үɫѿҧס۵ýҧأ鶼Ѿ˵ҲˣΪ˾︮Ϊ˹ȫ֣վ֮
֮㱳︮Ͷ׹̾ΪߵݺȻͻߣΪʲô˵
︮ļ£ûйϵ
Ȼľʹɫ԰ףү˵ʱȴնû˿η塣
ֱ֣˲ŭָֺݺԼĵܵܲһ߬ٶŭΪҲɱǲǣҵҵ·ҵ׵ܵܣҲ
㵽˭
û˵꣬ͻȻ䣬һѾԴ
һַſүͷ˹ȥͼӵַ˳
㵽˭ΪΪʲôʹҸ׶ʽżҵĶʽֻм̳ż˲ʩչ㾹Ȼ
˵ʱһֱֱֱضɫȴûлشһ֣ʱһŲѴ洫žͼһҩ׹̽Ѵ˽ͿʼΪǾΡ
Щ׹̽һôηصգһüЩ˵סõҩƷóζҪκãһǶҪᡭ
ŭУǸϽӦһʱʱɴڰ״̬С㡣
СϵƤ֮ʵصģص֮ʹûԪɡǣűԪɡ߾
һ׹ŮΪС˿ʱͷѯʵС˵úأҪҪתƵȥ
ǽ仰һ˿ţȻĬƬ֮ȴҡҡͷ˵Щ²һΪ׹ʹԼȣִ治ˡ
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ûǽڽ˵꣬ٶŭû취ǽֻܹԹԵر죬Ϊ˿ںͰ
һӵϢѾָЩǽڿʼѲηη֮ڣС㡢С׺ԼЩֵ֮⣬Ұ衢顢±Լ¹Ҳǹһ𣬲ʱĳ¹ֻʣ¹һˣµҰսԱһϵļս֮Уȫսٿ¹Լʱ˿ҲѾһϢȻ״̬
硢ȹùԼɵӵʬѲ֪׹̵ŪȥõŵֻʣһԴ麣ǲ֪Ҳ£ʱȺʱ֮УѳҰ˸ʬ޴˰ɡ
ҲãҲ쵰ټˡ
ʱһΪǴ˿ڵ׹̽ͻȻֻͷ˵Ǵ඼˽ʬʬҪҪΪǽⶾ
ȻȻʲôãѵǱǽʬеһԱɣ
һߣɨһ˵˵Ǹһֱʬѻ⣬жʱ̫ʬ˳žȫֻ֮·һɸˡ
˵Ż̧ԼɨһŤʹһЦ˵һȷʵɹΪƽʬʵ飬˻ʬĶ䷽ξǴɿҲȲˡ
֪ǲشҲѾûоȥشĻ˵껰ֳ̱ǽǴ˫ֽź˿ڵɨһۣһ˵㣬ҿҲʬҧ˼ڣһǵҩ
⻰ү΢΢һЦ
磬ȻǸˣͷ㻹ǲɱǡ
ǣҵȻɱǣҲҪᣬⲻΪ˴ѡ
˵ʵ˵ҲԣʱȷʵӦͨһǡ̫ˡ
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һἰǣү̳ȴ׷ʵң˭ҪʲôΪʲôĴʬΪʲôҪκδ۵Ѱ
һѱĴ˵
ɨүһۣ̾Ϣڽǵļأûж֪Ծ׹ڣȴйڽǵıõļأǣǴ˵֮лԴͷ
٣Դͷүʱһʱһ׹̽ҽ˹ʼΪ˿ڡ
ȻүĺѾҧѪģϸһ˿ʵ̫Ȼݣ֮飬ȴ޷ȫ¡
ݾļأഫһʹ˵УγɵʱݻʽԼһŮͶ˼䡭
渵ƵݻʵһŮҲǺ̫Լ֮ĸ
ˡ̫Ӷϵˣѧ˸ȥ棬ڲã֮ϷϢ
Ϊ˰ԼŮҲΪøĹ˼ݻ½ǲʹ·ǣͼ飬Ůƻ˼ǸħСŰ֮һϯ֮أԷܺ
ʹǴǣеһ࡭


799 ֮
ڽǵļأʵҲ֮Ե֪ЩһϢڹϵľ֮⣬һڶԹɽʯ̵ƽ⣬ɽǸĵط֮սǰ飬ʯϼصһȻȻ׹Ѿعɽôõʱ䣬кܶණ޷ƽ⡭
˵̾˿üͷ˵һǿԿ϶ģǾǣнǵʹκʹҪӵأҼʹҪǿ󣬾׼˵Ǵ˵ݻʴӹ׵˼һѵ
һѵүʱһ㶡
˵ͷûȻԼ˵Ӧپ׼ʹΪ˰С㣬ǵĴڣȷʵΪԼ࣬Ǹ߸ϵ˲һУʱض˼һһԹԷּ⣬򰴱֮ģѵʱض֪ĵطγֱҪΪߡ
˵үʱһ˼ǡ
ûҲĵĵط
üͷ˵ʱԭͲ԰׺ѪɫɫѾӵĻҰѿ
ʱһֱڹɽ֮У׹̼ϵİһֹɽʱ̣ɹһ£һϹ֮ս֮Ĺ£ҲĿǰϢ֮УΨһһйڽǵĹ¡ʱеļأ֮󣬽һֱڳ˯״̬ҲΪʲôһ˵Ǳݻʡء˼һѵԭ򣬶Թ񣬽һѹΣһѾ޴ӿɽʱ϶ûйκεļأڶΣ֮ս֮ˡ
˵꣬ү˳˼Ĭ̧֮ɨһۣʵɰ㻰˼Ǹ˼Ϳ٣ȻѾΣΪʲô˼仹񣿡
Ҳһֱ⣬յϲ࣬ΪҪ֣ЩϢҲ͸¶һһġ
شڽǵһʲôʱ£ʲôȫ֪飬ݹɽʱϵļأǵĵڶȷʵ֮սйأݼе֮սʱذɵһ⵽ѡɱħһһԹ죬Թ磬ĳĽ𽥸աĵڶȴʧܸգΪһֹĳ˯
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˵ȳһָ˵һԭӣǸħ޸˼䣬˵С죬ǸͲ뵽ЩСϾٴΣʱ˵ЭʶһʱѾ졭
Ĭһ£һָ˵ڶԭ򣬷磬Ҹո˵ħ֮˼仮Ϊ磬һ󲿷־Լĵؾ׼κ̤һ˹ӲдҪĳһħġؾ֮ĻȽħߣҪôǼݹΪʼػ񣬶ڲͬħӻ֮µ࣬Ҳγ˲ͬͲ䣬׳ʼɱ̲ǽ֮ħӿ̻ͼӶֱ֮ãЩͼͱ˲ͬȺĴ֮Ҳνͼڡ˲УӻǵħǴӲദɱΪ桢ΪɶͬЭһʱħȴɱҲΪղűķʽơ
˵һ̾ϢֳĬ֮󣬲ָֽ˵ԭ򣬲ǳħǳǵͳ˧ϣҲǴ˵е̫ʴȣҲǵ¡񡯵ԭǴ֮ĸҲã߸ϡ칬̫ҲãԼ硢Լ࣬Ƕ̫ʴȣ֮սʧܣڵ½ħֱ칬ΪŬš
ࣿ⻰үʵ
һϢԴڹɽʯ̣֮սڣħȻַˣȥձΧڹɽ֮в¾ħļʹҲսɽħһͳĪ̫һսսݣ̫ȴδ뿪칬һûֱӲⳡսͼħⳡսɱȴĳԭ·ݽߣӶ칬׹ɽҲ־ⳡսʤա
˵ĳЩԭǡүʵ
⻰ͼ̧ͷɨһۣڣǡ׹̲джûؼϵԹǻѽǵԿףǹ塮ء˼һ֮Уѣ˼佫٣Ҳ˵֮սħսɽ۳ɵǿԹΪ˿˼֮ŵԿףӶ˳˯еĽǣͬΪʹǵʹֻһǾǻ𣬵֮ڱ֮ȴδܳɹ磬ֻ̫ӣѾĹɽʯ֮ȷļء
⻰үʱһηҲɵصһһʱ䣬Щҡ
ʱүҲ˵㣬˼ǣɱħͬʱħߵͳȴΪѵĽս


800 ˣ
үһڣĬĬס
ȻʱһֱǽǵȴѺؿ˿ڡ
⻰ʵֻ˵һ롭ɱħͬʱڱĲֻ̫һˣ֪д浽ħΪֱ󶼼عɽԸ뿪ʵǲ·ӡ
һڣҵĿⶼ˹ȥ
׹̽ѾΪϵһ˿ڡ
ƤëҪ̣Ȼںͺ䡢ӮɱʱȴѳѪۣȻ˵Ҳᡣ
ƴҧ̧֮۳˹ȥֿڵˮʱˮǴ黮־ݣ³ͣΪ˸֮ͨӵԿ֮͹ɽԴ˼ʱ˶ΪƵɽڴ˴ֻǵΪ˼Ĵ¡
Ȼأѵʲôԭ򣿡
ʻһ̾˿˵ʱħ۵ºгڣҲ˹ɽʱ˶һ⣬ɽλ칬£Ҳ˵ɽ֮ϣϹ칬ڵλãɽʼնֻǸжļأǴ칬Ľ֮ݣǴΪԷħʬ׼ʬʱ𣬴ѾΪ֮ս׼ˡ
һڣ˶ˣЩΪǰ˿ڵ׹̵ĽǣҲһĿࡣ
ѾΪǰĲˣ̰˰֣ʾ׹뿪ηǵȻΥ֮ǸϽʰ˳ȥ뿪ֳ֮ʵ˵Ļû˵ꡣ
ɨһۣڵȻ飬Ѿ֪òˣ֮սͻȻʼԤףھͷʵǿޣ谭ˮΪɱħ޸ŵĴƭ֮ɱ޶ûüӦǳսѾԴ˿ʼ
˵̧ͷɨһۣ˵Ȼ֪ˣĹɽʯҲȷʵ֮սеȻ׶ΣħԹε˼䣬Թ켸ѾΪ˵ǾǸʱˡ
ô˵ֹ̫
꣬˵ͷٶ˵û̫Ƶһ̫֮ĸ֪Ѿ⵽ıѺ𣬵ȴɲ˺ЩԼǣʱȻΪ˱սΧɽɱħʱ̫ȴƴȫķոѵĽٶȷӡĳ˯֮С˾յ̫Ԫˣվһħɹɽ֮ǿ֮£칬䡭ʱΪ˸̫ȡʱ䣬Եսнʣħعɽȷ칬ȫŵħѪ³Ҳ˵ǲ޷ߣǲԸߣأں֪£ɱЩξԼĶˡ
ôǵʲôٶ׷ʡ
ٿȴҡҡͷոҲ˵ݾĹϼأѹΣڵһηʲôʱ򣬲ֻ㲻ͬٵ޶ûκεӡ󣬿ǼٻһҲ˵м֮Уδ˵⽫ǵκʵʣһֱ֮սڽͻȻѣҲŵһֵ֣ģֻ̫һˡ
˵ʱηѾѻȸû֪˵ʲôǺˣһÿһ˵Ѿȷ⽫ǣǾܶԸ˵ġ
ÿһ⻰ɫԽѿüͷҲѾš
ֳĬһͻȻһתһѾͽڵϵүָק
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˵䣬̧֣ү˹ȥеĹүʱǵĶѾᵽɤ۶
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ƴӣͺҲŽȻȴûǣֶݺݵصү˵϶֮ǰ׹̣ҿ㣬ˣ׹ʱҽ֮ĵģҪңǱ
˵Ѿץүɫɨһۣ˵һ壬ҼǵߵʱƺһԵǲǣƺͬϲȣǣ첻ҸһбĻᣬһ˵κη׹֮͡ҧ
ס֣
ٶȾУһЦ֮ѾĿ¶ŵүʵҪԼѡ㵽׹ˣ︮ˡ
үĿ⾼л˼ţĻ£Ѽᶨؿڡ
һ֮ǰԺ︮زݡ
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˲ŭȻճڣŹѾүϺݺҧȥ
ΣͷͻȻջأǡһеĹҧ˸գֻүıϻһѪ
ۿѪүϻ̾˿ҡͷ˵϶ΪԼѡڵġ
˵͵һ˦һŵİ֮£үѲҽųդ˹ءһײդϸշڵأѾнڣǰү˫סŽ˽
ʱֶֻݺ˵϶ҼţΣҾЩòȻ︮ħ˺


801 
⻰ʱүѵشӵĨһϵѪȻɵЦ
磬ǾҪǺ𣿡
ߣǰʲô취
ε̾˿ҲԾ΢΢һЦҡͷ̾Ϣ꣬ʱƽΪϹǿĲ壬ֵŮǹѡݴصĹߣȻ¹һսħȴվ׻һŮԼĺˣŵ¾յսܡҲ˵˼ԭӦǾģûаܸ׻ƣȴܸħⲻƽлὫǧûôûȡԼĶȱǸ쵰ýǻ𣿡
˵Ż߳դ˹һ˿ǽĳ¹˵¹749ӵȫϢ磬Ѱóģߵͭƣ˵ΪĹԿףͬʱҲǱλõĵͼͭУΣˣ749ԸԸæ
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¹һڣ̵˵ͷЦûǳʱڷǳԴڵϣֹҵȻ׹̣δ⣬ʱ¸ɸͨõΪ⡭
˵ߵǰû˿˵Ըڿʼҽɳ׹ܻصȨòҪˣʲôУȻĻҪɱ練ƣԣҰѡȨǣԼɡ
˵꣬һ࿴һۣյѡȻѾûʲôүһվûֱӻشĻǳ˹˵С¸ɸ
ûʲôþģΨһ߱ķȻܡ
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⻰ҴݺݱƳģ˵ʱԺиѸ硢ɵԼȹùõ˵Ӱһʹ
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ԥӦЦЦ˵㲻ѣҲὫųȥģ׹ӰѾϰ˶жǺ˵ҲԸֽŶѣųȥǿûкô
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ɨһü˼үЦЦ˵ֻ֮һҪҲҪСصҵĸԸĻȨҵҪ󣬶ңҲȨܾǵĺ飬ˣͿԭ׹̵ˡ
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뵽ҲɵسԼɶʦүһۣԴҴһССҹǿ֮ǰ֪ħ֮ҵ·һ㣬ԥʱ̣һ·ָҸȥ
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ҸҪȰѾſ˽ּ̧ѾԼŮס
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΢΢һЦǴȰôõŬڳɹҵķһֱڵ㣬ʱ̫˲Ͻϰȥˡ
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СȦͨ죬ȻѾĸ׸ϲóͷԣҪ߳ţүѾüͷں˵ôأѵѾƽ֮ŵܣ
ͷɨүһۣҡҡͷ˵ɽţ⴫˵ǼٻдѾҵôỹǷϻ
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үٶȾⲻܣСѾô꣬ҵѾɢ㲻ܾȵ
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˵СߣںϽȰС㣬㲻ܸߣòײعһ׹̵Ļǰˡ
ȶ̵ģԲǵˣҲֻء
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ֳС뿪ķûãʲôöûУСԶȥѾʲôˡ
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ү̾˿Ĭ֮󣬼ĳ˵ʵڸɽʱҼԼĴ羹ȻʹŴƵġ˫ҲһҲʹѧģΪʲôʹʦżҶеȻȴûлشֻҲҪʣҪԺἰЩҲͽѹһѹôꡭ
ʦңѵ˵ΪŴƵĶӣ֪Ȩû𣿡
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Ҳƭ㣬ǰο㣬ȷʵҲû֤˵֤ݡ
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ŴƣѾ˵˲ֹһΣǰĸףʦڵʮĴʦűĶӣҲǷõԭֶӡ
Ҽǵүǰ˵ŴơԼʦͬš޼ʦֵܡ
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ʮǰʱءΪ֮ˡéɽëСµ󣬱׹̿УѡΪħħձéɽɷ֣׹ŴӡӰ˳éɽɷ˷͹
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803 Ŵ
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ĸŴƣɽϵʦ̳ˣû뵽ȴ׹Ǳڵеͬ׹̹ɽʱ㸸״Ǳɽڵ׹̵Ӧϣղŵɽɽƣɽ١
ү̾˿ֽ˵ʱĸħ͵Ϯүүű壬ҲҺ϶ʦҺֵһӵϺΧĸףн˶˻
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Ҳĸ״ˣϾŴΪżӵܣʦʮʦļ̳ˣʵɼһߣЩͨʿôĶأΨѧɽľ㸸һսҼǵãʱں㸸׽ʱûռϷ硭
Ҹ׵Ķ֣ٶʵ
үҡҡͷش˵ɽʮ֮УûǾĶ֣ڽս·磬ҪΪŴ߻а֣ǾѾΪħ󡭡
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ӦԴ˽Ϊ֪ħ֮ĵһǿУͬҲˣת˵麣һڵһħճΪ˸˲˹֡
ʦ˼ǣҵĸŴƣħһл
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Ȼү˵ֻһ˵ƲѣϵıѾ־ϲ
ףʻ㣬һֱ˵ңɼģһΣԼġסһΰɡ
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绰һڣ̧רעɨүͷ˵ǰʦҵǡ
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үĻشôٶһȻүȴûټ˵ȥҡҡͷôҺúϢҲþָ壬㡣
ȻѾսһޣһȴһҹδߣҶ˵ˣ£һ뵽硢뵽ӣ뵽ҵĹùãǵ۾Ѿɵת
һ·ϣʧȥܶණ˭û뵽ʧȥ磬ûС
ƽʱǴֵģϾţŶӿǲಮٵͽ񣬾ֻʣ˺һˡ

ϵʱ׹̵һηȫ޷ǣǾȻΪ׼˷ḻͣרǵ˿ӦҪǺҪȻҲǿôˡ
쵽ʱ׹̵˹ȫη֮ת˳ȥϵ͵˷ֱļ䲡оΡ
ò˵׹ȻѾǧĹڽ̣ڵĸ豸ȴʱû˿󣬱ηתƵ·ɨΧһ䡢ϸ۲ΧĸеЩ︮ҪȽүǲɵضһ㵡
ΪӵܣǵĻָĿõģΪϹ֧ת֮ĺ磬ŵϾѾܻˣүҲĻָԼ׹̵ҽ豸İ𽥺ת
ָȻǳ¹Ϊһȫͨˣ¹һֱתǶѾ´߶ˣٿ¹ڴһϢҪÿ˹ǿϵ˿ڸȫϡ
Ȼ廹ûлظǰ飬¹ȴȫҵ󣬱׹̽벡ĵڶ죬¹΢ָЩԪѾȲĽ׹̻ڵͨѶ豸749ܲϵ
Σ𽥽ӽүȻҲʲôȫȫؽ߱ѵ㱨ܲ
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ν˵ߵͻȻת䣬˵𺳺ѹǰδеġ
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Ȼߵ٣µѰȴȫͻȻ˼һƾ׹̡︮Լ749ȫѲ飬ҲѰκϢ
ˣڰµʱеÿ˶ЦΪÿ˶Ҳһӣ綼ǵѶ׻Ǹϧÿһÿһ롣
ƶѾصֵزҪѾԹǧ׹̺︮Яֲ繲ͬУȻҲǼ׵顣
׹̻˵ʱǵ˼ÿ춼׹̵ˡɼܡ֣кüΪһʱĿڽЩŪˣȻˣϾ˼ҵĻأ˼˶ڶ϶ˣ涯ǳԿַìܻȫ޷ֹ
ȻˣìܵĲȻҲֹΪ˫ĳûԹѣмҪԭ򣬵Ǹ޷ȫȫظ׹̺
ͱµʱ䣬һҪ׹ȴԸ硢Ӻȹùõʬ彻ȥһۡ
ǰĴһսνĴӮң䡢ӮԼŮʬѾ׹в˵Ȼҷߵʬ嶼Щ˵ȥˡ
Ϊˣ˫˼ìܣȻϾ²òͷ׹̬ǿӲһʱ䣬Ҳûκεİ취
˵һֱһֻĽ׶Σʵ︮һȺֵԼ¹˵˲Ǳ׹ڻڵķ²
ǿڻĴ󲿷ֵж׹̻رܵġءȴԶеĸ࣬ЩطԽڻȫ̤һġ
ֻͨѶ豸ֲָ︮ĳԱӦ֮ߣȫߵ䣬Ǳȫ޷뿪һġ
ҲͼߣȻȴ⵽׹̵ƣϾƶûȫȬ֮ҲӲƴֻܰסеŭʱ̵ȴһؼյĻᡣ
˶˵˼֮⣬һҹģȻСˡ
СûгֹһΣҲû¶һ棬صָƺ׹еŸɲҲǱʱүηһŮ
ү˵˵Ȼֻʮͣȴ︮ͨǰʮΣշӣߵ֣ͳΪ֡ˮ𡢷硱
˵ʵǲƽʱ̸ֹԼЧʣȷʵܸܵһɴ֮硣
ȻЩ׹̵Сආǣ˶ǵͦģΪͬ˺ϵԭɡ
ɼˣǱ׹̵ĻȻձʱ޿̲뾡ȥ
״̬һֱάֵ˾Ĵ¼ʱҹǴȻĵڸԵĲϷȴѾءһ˿ţͼ׹̺ɫ۵ľŮŶ롣
ѾǳϤˣбԭ֡֡еһҲȺյˡΪƵһˡ
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࿴˼֮󣬴ҵĿⶼүϣүȴңƲ˵Сӣʲô⣬ʮѾΪȥͻСƲϵĸ
ү˵꣬Ҳ˵ͷһԼĺ׶˵Сƣô죿
һųڣСƵѾڴҾã黹ԼȽϺʡ
˵ǻʲôã
үͻСƶʼѣҲû˵ʲôֱӴӴϴɸһأ͸оһʹЩ
۵ģȻסڸڲǲ̵һۣŭС˻ûأëëŸƵвУ
û˵ٴĺѾεһ˵̣û
ѽǱˣߡ
һ֣ҡھͳſ˹ȥֳ߱Ŵ˵Ȼ˼׹̵˶ˣ۲ȥôУǻ˼Ŷҳ˻
˵ŻѾһ߳ȥǴҲû硢үˣҸĸһȺ˶˳֮˻ָʵ̫ĳ¹֮⣬ҶûһȺ˸Ҿڵ߳˲
һԭѾ߳˺ԶʱʱͷɨһۣѾţֳ˵ˣ
֪ɽлƫɽУ׹̵ĵǻʲôҪǣˡ
Ҳû룬ŴҾ͸ȥ
˳ȹ˼䣬ʮӣԭ쵽һյǰͣ
ߵıû룬ѾȿʵԭʲôҼǵã׹̵Ľأ֮ǰԼһΣɲ׹̵ء


805 ȼյĿ
˵һߣ߬߬ȭͷ˵˵֮ûټţҲָòˣٸǺúùж
˵꣬ԭͷЦλ֣Ͼǰÿ춼һģ޿ɲ˵ģǵֵܼⶼЩŭ𣬲λΪÿһ£õˡ
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⻰ҲɵһȻʻڣԭȴûлشҵĻʼԹԵ룬һֻűɨĻϿʼָʶ
֤ɹ롪
ϵĵдһꡱһʵϵĻѾ̳
ŵĿڴ۵ĵƹѾ˳ŷһ˳ǹâŷ죬ģһ߳
ҲǸĶҸû¶ȥŶ
Ǻ߳һ˲䣬⡱һٿˣҲѾȫЩ֪ˡ
󡭡ӡ
Ӧһ˲䣬ûȫ򿪣Ѽس˷ҸǸϽȿֺس˽˷һ˶ס
Ƿܴ󣬴ΧڷŵĸͲǸרҵʵңʵҵм䣬һŴ󴲣Ÿֲ˵Ĺ´Ÿ󻨿öŶյغ߳ŶתĽðס
֮˵ˣΪ塢ͷȫһޣҲûκε𣻶֮˵ˣΪ֫˵ֺͽţֻӡ
󡭡ӡ
̲סһҺһ˲䣬ͼڴ˵ĺ߳ȻֹȴڴûκεĻӦһʱ䣬ʵĿ·ѾסֵֽմάʮӣżˡᡱһʱҲѾؿ
¶ǰһ˲䣬ٶһӡ
Ρֱɵһޣȴ˵İ
ȻѾˣǵһķӴС۴ӣˣðɵٿǰӴˣپ£ֱǸС˧磬ҪǱŮˣ̾ͻð鲻Խؽһŷ͡
㡭ǡ
˶ŲѵʱͻȻͼһ׹ԻȻһֱڰС׺һŴȥ
С׺Դ֮ƺһֱ᲻ÿ˯΢ȴһƲȫû֮ǰĻÿʡ
ʵҲѹ֣ϾɵӻģһֱӸС׺ԼŮһ谮Ԥ׵ɵӾڻĴһսǶȥҳܲʹ࣬˵Ǳɵӳ谮ôõСˡ
ȻƬ֮䣬᲻С꾹ȻѾüɫ˽˴ֻڿı̬˧ĻʼǵвȥһôҶһɫͻȻѿεı飬ֱŮѵԼ죬һñƵġ
Ȼ˧ȴ˿ûԼɱڴСǽһֺȫǵĴڡ
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ȻʱȴڴϱСҹı̬ͻȻһѾͽС׵ԱߣûȰӦּ̧Ѿ§ס˰Ĳӣ׼İһѾͰ˴ϣһֱ
ƣ۹
Ǳ̬ѹסڴϴǸǿӶֱˡ
ˣһֻ꣬ڴϹһţѾƼؿζӰôˣؿζҪؿζȫǰѼʮձŷоŶںһ尡øıԭԼͱСŮģĳ±ϲԾطһϼӶ챻ȥˡ
ιǸʲôأͣͣҪأ
ŵøϽסҺͳ±۾ŵУٿϣҲŵһС
ſңҲڶš󺡭
һżһѾڲˣʲôˣ⻹ҵһοҳ
ٿǳֻӵ˧磬ȴȫķһǿŰһžС׺һ˧ѹ棬ûаֱģⲻǸ첲û뵽仯ζᣬȻҲǸŮ¸Ůһף˺ͺ갮öһ
ʱͼǿö̬ͻȻᡱһ´Ӵ͵һͷƻѾ˹ŵôҲ˸ս
ûǷӦأѡᡱһӴԾһ˵ǰ˫һһߺѽѽɶ򣬿sanɽˡ
ۿͷ̰سŮ˵ѾԽԽˣһȺеĸǶŵò֪תܣɸһͷͼһӰͻȻſڣȻǳ¹ҡ˽
һǣ¹̹һЦ˵ҵˣʲô¶һ˶ѽ
ᶪµģȫģ
嵽űҶû˵αһţһ¹һˤ˳ȥǱ̬еĻ̬еҲûס
ѽ𣡰ѽء


806 ⸴
üһ̬л治ûȳ¹أͷʹˡ
Ա˰죬ֱ¹Ǳ̬׵ÿʼŻˣŷӦ
ûҶأͼүüͷ˹ȥǶΪǿҲμӣû뵽үһ˦֣ӿɵקһɽų¹һͨ׵Ŀöкһţ˻
ߵߣүתڡ顱ӵˣֽ̧ӡͬʱﺰһơơָһڣһǿöкϵĻȼճһš
Ȼ˾鷢ˣ϶Żˣǿöȴƺȫûиоκεʹһ㣬ڽ§ų¹һǡ
һ¹Ƕ̲ס
ǰһս˵òᣬϾǸͨˣܽѾˣ弸ȫֱܶ⼸Ÿո´߶֫ʹϾ
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ȫһ֮⣬̬һһһһЦӦ쳣ٶһ㣬ֱɵһޣǡ
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Ǻǣ⻰˵ȷʵ١
ЦЦֽ˵һˣһһѻȥҲˡ
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⻰Ҳһͷȥͼ΢΢һЦ˵϶еС֮Ķɾ֮˰ɣûƭ㣬ȷʵǿԼŹģǷʱѾյǾȫһҪƤȫԭҲǲܵˣ׹õҽԱΪֲƤűڵӡ
㡭˵ģ
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807 
ЦǿүѾȫ˲ϸòˣٶ˼ֹôܣӵʱѾ
ûүѻ˵꣬Ѿһ۾˵ȷʵǿ֮ǰҲ˺һӣϸһ룬Ҳûԭġ
˵Żͼгֵҽƹٽͽؿ·ȡһʼǱ֮ݸү˵Ǿһоֿ֮̽ܽԣĿ
үűʼǱʱֵҲ˹ʱֻһԽ͵һ㣬ʡ
ǳ˵Ϊ׹̵ϯҽƹ٣רҵŶӣרŶԲĸħ޽но˷ָħɾ;ͬԭֲͬϲԵЩ쳣ʵ̣ЩֻӾıʼֱǿ׳˾̾룬Ҳڱѩﳤϰйأ캮ضǵƤëøӵĻʵѩԭԼֺĲɱǵԽԽ˵Ƥ֫ֳħ֮󣬲һħʸáʹˮȸ涼ֳħָ
ǳ˵ͷͷǵҲ񣬶ʱͼѾϵĳ¹üͷɨ˳һ˵Ϊʲô֡ôϤ
΢΢һЦûлش
¹˵Ҽǵǰʱҵܵ˵507µʵԱͲ󣬵ܿͽΪ507һʵԱɼһߡǲĵģΪʵԱͬճ¡ֺȤĹϵһ¡Ҽǵã֡Ҳг֡
µĲҡ
ֳų¹΢΢ͷЦ˵ǰȷʵܲ507ιʵԱĹ
ڱ507׹̣¹ֽüͷ
ЦǱѰɣ֮뿪507ҪΪ׹507ħ޵֪ʵ̫ˣоħһ׷ҪĲÿʵЩȫôĵ͵ʵ顢ǸֺҵƲãҪʵصȥ۲ͽʣܳ׵׵оЩħ幹ԼͨĲ֮ͬΨһһ׷ģֻ׹̡
ֵĻó¹ˣʵ˵Ҳ޵
ȷʵȻ507749רŸо͵Ϊ֪Ĳѧ¼ϾֻһȺͨĻЩʵħе˵֪ġġԼģ̫Զ
ʱѾ¹ֽŶЦ˵Ӿܴ֮Ѳĵڶ㣬ǲ²⣬Ҳ뵱ʱйء
ʱס֮ΧһȺʬڷΧ
үüͷ˵֮£ֻйԹԵķݶ
ЦЦ˵ûʱȷʵģ֪ʬΪʬĵ͵ħȻ͵ȣǵʬȴǳҼѪҺдὫбʬȾͨ嶼ɽʬ
˵⻰ûΪȻһֱ׹̵ĻϢЩյġ
ǰĴһս侹ȻɵĽʬЩȻɱ󣬵ɽʬ̺ʬȴǸͷۡ
˵ʱ׹սʱһֱ취Щ޽ʬȫ֦ɲҪĻˣ֮Ϊ׹̵үͳ¹Ⱥɳ︮749Э׹̹ͬɽˣ©֮㡣
Ҫ֪ҲһֻССĽʬͿҧ˼˺Ͷ༸ֻʬʬȥҧˣʬԽԽףΣҲԽԽ
ΪˣѲ֮δ©749־ԡɽִΪڸǽڣɽ¼Ÿһ䡣
ʱֽ˵ʬȻϾֻһЧȴħ𲻵κεáҲ˵ʬ޷ħдģԳ֮޷ͬΪʬΪڽʬǱʶУħѪǵԶ˺ͨѪ⣬Ե꿴һͨ˱ȺʬΧʱǸƱػᱻʬ֫ʳ㿴һֻħȺʬΧʱܻᱻҧֱѪǱʬʳĽһ㣬ӾܵĽʬ͵С̶ȡ
ֻһڣǻȻ
Ĭһ֮󣬳ͻȻֳ̧ɵָһ£Цڵ㣬ӦҲܻ֮ԭΪһֻȽħ
ħֵĻǶһ¡
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ͷһȫͬ⡣
Ϊʲô˵ȱأΪΪһֻӾȷʵ̳˺ֶܶԣɵ񣬽ֹۣӦٶ۵ʣǽһص㣬ϱֵúԡھʱǾͷһֵ⣬һħ󡢻Ǳ֮ʱֳԭΪҪҪʱʱ̿Ա֧ŵģȴûУݵʱԮԱĿʱѾԵˣȴɱΣȫûҪֳԭεı֡
˵ҲֹȷʵⷽɵȷʵЩ֡
֮ڣǺɵʶôˣӵڷռɽΪһֱڣǴ󲿷ʱ䶼һ𣬿ǴûмɵֳԭһΣһζûС


808 ȫ
ôţѾֿ˵ǻֻӾܻصĽ֢ڳɾĳһα仯ΪʱȥķˣǴ֮һֱΣһҲѾõ׿֤ʵ

⻰ڣе֪ôشˡ
Ĭһ֮һͷ˧˵ɵӣʵӣжûбԭˣ
ҲǵðɵҡҡͷּɵǺǵظ
һ⻰ֻүһֹⲻѧֻԭģ֮Ϊ˽άסӦʱضĵģһֱ֧˵ģѵ𣿡
룬Ȼۡ
ʼ磬˵룬кܳһʱģԼԭģѾôȥķʽִδֳܵԭε˺ԾһֱǿôãûֳԭιһȻ˵ɺܴĸҲʱصĥԼĳҲ˵ֻɵڲ֪ѾõΪҪȫʮСʱάΣΪ˱ԭεķʹһ֪ͳΪһϰߡ
˼ǣɵӱǿ
ǿþˡ
˵ҲΪÿԴԴϵĳͷάεͬʱƵĲ֮ͨ±ԽԽӲǿ׳Բܴһ֮УԼȺʬ˺ҧ֮нҴ
ֵĻ˵ȫסɵⱿƽʱȷʵͣû뵽ϾȻǿһ档
ɵԼƺȫûʶڿ佱ظ硢أٿļŮ黹ǳ±ԭһֱĿתضɵپµϸشͻ飬Ϊħӣǵǰۿɵһ£һΪνаԱϴ󲿷ֵӵܾͲ̫ϲЩڵڶ㣬ΪɵӱһҪӵ˷һ㼸ǹϵġ
֮ǰڷʱɵӺʵġ¡飬ƽÿ춼ҪС㡢±ЩŮ׷ŴΡ
ô˵ӾȻţ̫ˣһ˲䣬׹̻֮еѹһɨ⡣
ʱͼ΢΢һЦ˵ˣ֪ǹطһкܶĻ˵Ǻú֮ǰǻ˵˵¶ɡ
£ʲô˼ү΢΢һüý䱸
϶ţˣڿǺϵҲôġ
ЦЦתԼͳ߳ķſһָ˵ǶԱվŹ۵ģҿǻǽȥİɡ
˵Żһŷſ˹ȥֺͱԭ󣬴һۣҲûȥ
Ƿһһװ޵ÿտ򵥵С䣬ֻһԲεĴӦһҡ
ʾǶ֮ԭԸȥ׼ЩˮҪ˵ߵĳȴȿ˿ڣɨſڵһ˵һЩҪԸˡ
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˵껰ֳ̧һָ˵һΪλϹһȫλļ顭
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ֻش˵֪ҷϹӦʮڡǬԪڻǵħǬԪʼͳ졣ǬԪΪ죬ħǷ֮Ϊ¾ʼǿĻָħеϳˣǰϹŽʬһս̫ңȻѾȬòˣȴһкܶûлָˡ
ˣСӣǶʲôЦ
һЦȻ֪ҵ͸˵ֻˣǶ¾ޣǶƤҸǵǹʲôˣ
ˣܾΪΪƤë
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˵ͷͷǵҲɵ
˵Ҽǵðǰոձʱ˵úأô̵ƤëʬһѺôȷƤë֮ûܵڵ˺أһȫ飬ҲΪãϾͬ˵Ĺϵ֮ͬвɻȱģúüһ£Ҳһ޶ʲô֢
ֿͲ˵Բ޷죬ֱӾͰȥˡ
һ˵еƮˣʱͼԭҲż˽Ǽ׹̺ɫ۵һžͿʼҶ˲赹ˮԭЦЦ˵ҽƹ˵û޵ǵĻ豸ȫúðһ£ϾѵһϹޣԺǻкܶطҪİء
ԭһ˵Ҳ˵ͷһ˵ã֣Ǿ˼ȥ졣
ιǶûأƾʲô
Լ˾ȻˣҪܾ߹ĳ֣ԭȴѾ߶


809 Ĵ
ȽϰǶڵϵģԭȻϴ׹̵ĽۣǽһеӵЩͬɡúɫϵס͹ԼСӱһӶ̺ܶ࣬°ڽøסƨɣٿǸţСȹ߸Ь
ԭķһ£ȲײϣСһ̧ͷ۾ĸ߶úͱԭĶȹƽɨһۣʱۡһֱӾѪˣŵϽǰšëͳƬ汦Լ档
磬͸ȥúɣǿΪ밡
ȥȥøǶǶɣ
˵ʱĿֱضűԭȣקקһ
ԭ˼Ȼ˾޴ĳɹû˵ǰû汦űӣվų־߳˷䡭
Թ˳ȥԭЦҡҡͷֳ˵ҪҲȥռϣɲöԸһҲڣִָ
еȥɣúÿǳʲô
˵ԭ˵ͷϽҲųֺ˳ȥ
һߣԹϵĳ¹ɨһۣЦ¹ʽ֮ǰȷһ£Ҫʵش𡣡
¹һȻô˵αӣлֱ˵
Ǻðɣ¹ȷǣ׹̣ǲǴͬ˺Ĺϵ
֪ʡ⻰¹شӲͷ
ɲذ˰֣ЦǺ˵Ǻǣ𼤶֮ôʣȻҵ;ұõ׿ȷϣشҵ⡣
¹ۣҲû飬һ˵ǺãҾش⣬749׹ȷʵʱԵĺϵЩҶȻǵĺûʽ749ûΪṩҪ鱨
ǺǣЩҵȻ֪ȻѾõȷϣôΪ飬749һæ
΢΢һЦЦ֮ǽƻٿ¹Ҳɵ۾Ȼϵ⻰ǰʵģ϶ڴʲô⡣
ʱٶЦ¹ί749һԼŵȨ507Ҫһˡ
Ҫˣ
⻰¹ٶһ㶣үǶû廰ĵҪ˵ʲô
˵ͷȻ治ɫЦЦ˵Ҳ֪׹һֱóǱԱǱ鲼иҵزţȻҲ749֣ԼרȻʵо507Ժ֮ǰҾ͵õһݴ507Ǳߵ鱨507ĳһʵУѺһѰˣұõǸˡ
˵ʲô
¹˵׹ͨ죬ǵߣҪʲô˻Ҫ749ֵ˼ԶԼȥҪֺαװǻأ𣿡
Ǻǣô򵥣ȻҲ鷳ԳˣոѾ˵ˣǸѰˣѰһֱܵ507ĻܹѺ׼ȷѺλǶ޷֪̽Ϊ507߻֮һȻͨ죬ǺܿϧҪ͸507߸ɲ㣬Ҳһ׵顭
˵꣬¹ü˵Ҫˣ׹̵ˣ
ǣ׹ûκεĹϵ
Ҫã
׹Ȼûκιϵȴǧ˿ƵĹϵ
⻰һҶס
û׷ʣѾԹԵֿ˵ģǴѾǰʮˣʱ749ֺ507ѾѾ졣õ鱨ʾʱ507507Աڵһɽ¼ʱСɽ﷢һλĴ񡭡
Ĵ񣿡
¹һ㶣Ͻʵ
ˣò̸ֹûκβͬ
ȻΪʲô˵Ĵ񣿡¹ʡ
΢΢һЦֱߵĳȡһļų¹˹ȥ
¹հļӹֿڡ
ΪѾꡭ
ʲô
һڣǸȫסꣿôأ
̫ƽʢϰǳԵúסúãðñܼģҲܻôð
Ҽǵ֯רһͳƵ飬ָĿǰȫ˿ڵҹ˾ʮ꣬Ůʮ꣬ꣿ˭ܻꣿ
ûȴҴӾ֮л¹ѾݸǷļ˲ʧɫһ
¼
¹һڣҵĿ̶˹ȥͼ¹ɫͻȻѿ
ٿ΢΢һЦ˵ʮ507ڻĳɽзͨԼʵ飬óѾ֮ãǽѺͻ507ܲнһ¼顣Ȼжھ½Уڵʱ͡ڲԱйܵȵȸԭһϢǲֶߣ˵ʱܶ࿯ͷͷйϢܿͱĳһزŶȨѹȥ
˵ʱʱʱ͵͵ɨ¹һۣƺڹ۲¹ı仯
¹ɫԽԽѿͻȻһߣЦ¹˵¼749Ҳ漰Щ£㲻᲻֪ɣ
¹üͷȴûлش
ЦЦֽ˵¼һʱ÷зŪ鱨λڱ507Ѷʱ׿ἰһ֡ǡ


810 ֮
һἰǣ˲ͽǵĿȫ˹ȥ
ʱֻֽ˵ʱܶýıУλصĴǴ˵еĳˡ¿˵Ǵ˵峯˶ʮĳٹԶ֮ڵʱļ˵507صĴ񣬶һĴڣȻЩźܿͱٷΪҥϢѹȥλĴ񡯣ȷʵڵġ
˵ɨһ۳¹Ц¹749507˫ôһֱںϵǹٷЩ֪ܲ˵ûУ
ȷʵôһ¡
¹ɫص˵ͷɨһ˵Ȼʱһûм749749ڲʱڡ¼ϣ˵һ507ǸˣҽǸ˴ܲ󾪴е֪ǶȫŵʷĻöᣬ֮ǰסĵطεĽ߷ãóѾ֮á
꣬񲻾ǵڶӮ
Ҳһп¹ȴҡҡͷüͷ˵ӮȻǲͬģӮǽʬǸˡˣͨͨˡ
ˣôôõ
ٶȾ㵣үҲѾüͷʵѵ˵˵е֮ţʲôϵ
֪ӦģȻʱ¼ҲᱻΪ¼Ǽ¾Ѿ̫ԶˣҶ¼֪Զϡ
˵Ż¹ֱߵϴƸڶү
ǸϽϴԵؿһ£¼ġ
˵507ɽ﷢һĹˣտʼʱû507ע⣬֪ľͱ507˸ע⵽ˣ󾭹һϵеĵͶԴǵѯʣŷƺǴˣѾڴס˲֪ٸͷЩʱʮ˶ҪһүүΪǻɿʱ˾ѾڴˣҾʮ£òԼȴȫûзκεı仯
ǣ507ͽλֵĴ˵ʱ507λڱܲ˵Э飬ʵϾȻʼÿʵ飬ҽʣȻ507ĵԱǷ֣Խ֮ڵʷűȳ˸̵˽Լصʶ˵ʷѧҶ֪ʷĻÿ仰˵оݣõԱǴΪȡ
Ǹ507Ļﱻ˼ʱ䣬ԱǸǾķ֣ǲµʧκεı仯ͶԶһ糤ͷôò˼ʱ䣬ͷͻٶΪԭӣ˿֮˿ϺҲκε˰̡
507ܵһ˵ľеһָ֮ʵ߾ط㣬еָȻԼ˳ֱһڻһ
Ǻ507оԱǵóۣ˵岢һʱʧʱ޿̲ٱ仯Զԭģܵʱ䡢ص㡢ԼκڵӰ죬ġ
ǵ鱨Ͼͼ򵥵дⲢǰ˼ΪϸǷʵ鱨棬һݵʱʵԱʲݼʵռǡ
ǿȫȵ˵ˣЦЦ˵ܾȰɣ׹̻ȡļʱҶصĶʵģǣҶ˴Ѿõܽе飬շ֣ȷʵǰ˼귢һʵ¼¼֮λĴ񡯸ȫʧȥټ˼һһɣôһ507507ɻʵ壬ĳصĵط顭
˵¹˵ȻˣȻһֱ˺ܺ棬ô࣬ҲûôӹǱҵУΪ507͸¶鱨ǧȷᵽǡꡯԼ֮šʻ㣬ԣ±ȻʲôԽ͵عϵ
¡̫ð졭
¹üͷĬֿ֮˵ûȷʵҲ˵һ¼Ȼ֪ĲǺܶ࣬ǿ֤507ġ¼ȷʵʵڵġԼҲ˵ˣ507ĸ߶ȻܣǸڵ׻ڲ507ȫ֪ڣأ507749ֲͬܵлȫ749֮ϣȫصлܵʵص㣬Ƕղǵ٣ҰȥǸˣҵȥң
Ϊ749ĸ߲ԱȻûа취
Ц˵µδﶼѶȫޣÿһÿһ붼бΣգΣͷԴ749ֶ507ʩѹǰǸ˽ҲǿԵġ
ǣ⻰˵ÿ򵥡
¹һЦֻشǰһսǶȻ֪һ¼ʵԣȻأֱڣ749ڲһָ߲ɲһ¼ʵԣ507ôأǸĻ507ǾͿɼ507Ҫԣ507ǾԲֵġ
ҲҪƽ⽫ŵΨһ;
Цȫգɫ˵úһ룬ڵһ֪ߵ䣬ڶ֪λãЩϢǶգȻأѾѣǸôԸȫûκε˽⣡ڱҪҵǸˣΨһĳ롭
Ļûǡ
¹һĬĬ֮󣬲µ˵ҲҲһܹæ


811 ɽ̫
˭
⻰һʣȻһĬ֮¹ɨһۣ˵˼꣬749Լ507֮⣬һҲ漰һ¼֮УȻͬҲ֮ͬʱһŸոճã¼ͻԼ³ĻҪʵ飬һҲɳ˼عЭ507Աǰ˳µɽ塭
¹˵үѽӽ˹ȥ
¹˵ġò֡ҹ˰ɡ
үһڣ¹̵˵ͷӡ֤Ĳ²⡣
ҹˡһػĳֶڹڲĹһǿķ֮ǰ˵һΡ
1949꣬ھйʧⱣ׳ΪĻġһ֮֡һ
֮䲼˴ķԱϧǸҲûʲôЧ֮ǰ¹˵ʱصؼ˵ʮʱʱĸﶯңȫضһľɡڷؿ񳱣ܶȻĹĹ󷢺ƣ걻ϴ١ĹըĹ١׵ٻ٣Ĺ԰ҲΪƽأʧ𻵣ɱΪйĻʷ׵ĺڰʱڡ
ʱں֮Уʵʵģ˵ˣȫ𲻵κӦеãĸʮ䣬صĹŽֱֹ1983꣬𽥵Կơ
19837£鲿֡ͳսԼίֲʽϲʹ˳
֮ĵһǺ͵ʱչȫĺ˶飨ֶ˾ǰҿʼȫļľӢʿĵĹʽս
1985ĩͻȻһ֮٣ǺչһĿҹˡ
νġҹˡ˵һĿǽѵعԱѵֵϣӶ齨һ֧սǿӴϢԼרҵܵԱ֧еĳԱȫɵʱһ߾ӢԼϴ׵ĵĹɡ
רŴйڹĹﱣʧ׷ԼץĹ񣬼˵һ֧Ķع飬ǵλʡԵȵȷ棬൱ħ749һ㣬ֻͬǰרĹأרǿѧ¼Ȼʱ749ֺ507ǵλǳƽġ
һҹˡҲԾһˣҲǵڡҹˡϢ֪ǵֶּү
ֶּү˼ϣǡҹˡڣ֯ڲҹعû֮һ
Ȼ֮ǰйһЩìܣֶүѾΪ︮еһԱھ¼︮ҡҡ׹£ֶүԼԨ֪ʶ;飬︮ܲΪ︮ݻѾΪ֮мΪҪһԱ
һ뵽ֶүһʣ¹˵ѵǼ˼ϣ
Ȼ˭
¹ͷȷҵĲ²⣬Ҿһ£û뵽ֶүȻй
Ȼʱ¹˵ꡮҹˡȻŸոճȷʵ˲Ĺе߳һʱһֶּ֣үһ
¹⻰ţϾֶүϤ֮Ͼʱû죬Ҳ͵͵ıϼһɲһ
ڵĹż仰
Ĳ
д̻
ͭ餣ڹ¥Ԧʬͷ
ϻӷأףɽͨ죻
ˮ٣ɽΣɽж븿
ǽ·˰ǧ
ףʬЦ̫У
ףǧڣӰߡ
ԹĹбϸΪһŸɡһϵѪֱǡУξƺС𹤶ξ١ɽ̫ɽˡжʿҹʷ̫ꡱ͡ҹӡ⼸仰
ǲֱֶ֪ү︮ʱǲ˽⵽һϵɽɡļ̳ˣɽ̫һϵĹ򣬼ֶүϹóƽĹܵеĻ壬Сֶּү֮ơ
˵ɽڼֶү︮ʱ׵飬ǵĹУԳƣУϵеһ֧ԴɽԾӡɽ̫ڹųơ˫ڶšΪɽԹžʹ¡ˡϹأʹöӱҲΪ飬ڣҲǹգֻȮΪ飬òУȻͿʼû䡣
̫ƽ83Эͬϳ֮󣬰䲼˴ƲõĹӣڵĹԿƣ˵ʲôһˣйⱷĵӶץˡ
Ҳʱʱ쵱ĵĹͷӡֶּүϴĸ֣ǸԼϴ˵ס
Ҫ˿507ΪͻƿڿɲףǴӼֶүһ֣Ͼ︮ĳԱȻվһߣ˵ṩһЩõ鱨
¹˵ɨ˼үһۣʵүأ
¹ʻүĬĬף˵Ҫϵ︮ܲ
⵱Ȼû⡣
˵нԸ׼ͨѶ豸һĹ򣬾ͼҵǽھͻȻǽھȻ¶һĻ
ǰأүǰҲѾһţһ̨ʼǱ
үҲûϽ򿪵ԣͼϵܲûһĹ򣬾ﴫ˻Ӧ


812 ĴӰ
үԸ
ﴫǸŮĴĻҲͨ˻棬ܲڵһԱҶʶ
үҲûһ磬ϽŮϵֶүϹԼԻ
Ͼˣ749׹̣ǶѾûʱˣԶ˵촰˵
ܿ죬ͼֶүܽ˴ǰ֮󣬳үʵôżҹʲô£
ϼ֣мһ¡
үֱ⣬˵ͽ˼507š¼¶˵˳үһ˵ԾͼֶүɫԽѿ
ү˵ֶ֮ү˵ϼ֣֪֮󣬲ᵱ£ôԶ飬Ϊ˴뻹æԼ֪Ļʵ˵
¡
ֶү̾˿Ĭòڿڣ£ȷʵģҲû˵˼һ¼ĵ飬ǵǰ߰ʱɡ
⻰һϲֶүֽ˵ǵõʱ507ֵĵԱµԱ¶ģԲй¶κһµϢԶĳȥͺãôҶֲֻᣬЩμӹµͬǣȴ֮нɥʱҲûаǵһ¼ൽһֱҿҪʱһλһǰĴһ¼һҾʹ˽ϴ֣Ӵ˺ȫص˼֮󣬲ſ֮ǰǼ꣬󡭡
ѵ˵䴥ʲô䣬Ա
һʣȻĻϵļֶүȴҡҡͷ˵ʲô䣬ǰɱϾһ¼غش507ŹЩ¼ˣϢй¶ȥ
ֶүһ˵꣬¹Ҳ˵ͷ϶¶εı飬˵Ҳ⣬һжΪ˹ȫ֣ҲֻСүֻ£ȻҲеһЩ
ҵȻףҲûйκˣҲûгڱԼ֮󽫵һ¼ڣΪЩȥֵǱ𡭡ڼȻ̬Ҳȥˡ
˵ֶү̾˿ֳĬһ£ԴԴΪǽҿһΪ֪ʷ
ϸһ£Ӧǰɡ
꣬һСɽ帽һŵ¼ʱһ֧ɽҿԴڵ֪ɽ岻Զɽп£ɽУΪɫ̫ǾһȻҹ
Ȼʰ׼¶ӪɽʱһӶԱĿͻȻյ˶¶һ޴ͷ۾еô󣬰жԱŻˣܵÿ˶·ӣȻȫɽȴΪܾȶ˷ӡ
վ֮ӵ˸һţһʱϵפĲӣزɳһʮ˵СֶӣЯŴҩɽ̽ȥ޻ء
һʮսʿʧ٣ⲻС£ز쵼أŽ¼ϱҲ;507֡
Ǹܶ಻ӴɽйĹԼ⣬ɽյ¼ֶǲҹǰ飬ɽйĹйأύҹȫȨֻһⳬȻ¼507749ִԣⰸһϺͬʱְ507Э̣վ˫ͬʱɳԱЭ507ΪոճõҹЭ
Ҽǵãʱһɳˣ֮⣬Ҳҵ綥ĸ֣507棬ƺʮԱҲսרҡ
ֶүɫƺѾĻ֮С
ʱүʵôôֵ񣿰˵ǵʱӦýӲŶԣӦֱǰĿĵڵɽ
ɽ֮ǰȥһδӣΪʱɽӳĿӶԱڴסȥһЩ鱨ѣɵʱǲûзʲôԵĵطǾֱӽɽ
Ȼأ
̲סʵүҵɽĴû
ҵˣ߾ڶƺɽΪӣΪӶԱǽɽΪ˱ԼزŶԶԱǷ𹥻
Ȼأ
ΪǶԶ㣬˽ɽʱ׼һ߾ͿʼƴϾѾɱˣǾԲԱġ
Ǹòһֻɣ
ǲǵ֪Ͼʱ˵ûʲôħħĸֻ֪ƺҲûʲôֻһҪѣ׾ͱǴˣӽ˶
ôǶﵽʲô
ʲôûС
ֶүһȻֶܶɽкܶ࣬ͷǹͨģкܶපڣ߱ǹ֮ˣǸµѪһֱܶһǰȻѾӽ˶ʧˡ
˵ֶү̾˿ƺЩϧ̾ͻȻƤһ˵ʱǽɱĻҲͲһϵ¼ˣЩֵǣǴ¼֮
ѵҲйأ
һʣֶү˵ͷ˵ܶһ̽⣬ȷûκβйĹԼļֻ֮˴ǻصʱͷǴĴЩԾĵط


813 
Ծʲô˼
ǻصʱִ󲿷ˡ͵˶ʼɫµģϾǶоϽһ¾Ϳ˲Ծ˭ûţİв̽
ֶү˵գǷһ⣬һķݵſ̨ǰѪѪƺǴԱߵӲݴӹģѪһ㸡棬Ȼ˹뽫ѪڸסΪ̫æˣֻڸ˱һ㣬ѪŴ͸˳
ѵ˵ߣٶȾʡ
ֶүҡҡͷֵͷ쳣صü˼Ƭ̣ڵش¼ĹŹ֮ʱҲΪɽӳĴӵ˴˵϶йءԱǳŵصĴע⣬˽ȥȻǷŵȴһߣǡһһ˿ҵˣͶǹˣϻɢصƬ
ֶү˵Ҹס
ʱֶүּ˵ˣǺǴߵĴ񣬿ʱһĻȫˣΪǹĲλͺɽĲλܽӽҲȷʵ507ӵǣǸˣôܱأ
Ҳ˵
ǣǸˣһͨͨˡ
ֶүʼʱȷʵҲƺǹκεΣǸʩѹմӴǵĿͳǴıΪѾڴﱣͬģ˼ꡭ󼸸Ҳ˿ڣǣȷʵɽߣȻѾڴס˼꣬żͻʧһΣʼʱҲ֪ȥֱ𽥷֣ԭǱߣɽֱ仯̫ʱ䣬ͻٻصУҽ֮ȫǵ
ֶү˵ò˼δҲ̫ˡ
ʱֶүֽ˵ʱǶʵ̫ˣ507ǴӰʮͿʼֳȻʵ飬ĴɽΪõʵƷڵõϼ׼ǽѺͻ507ʵأ֮һֱڻ治׼뿪һ˵Ҳ֣ձ͹ȥʱҲڳϾҹ˺507Ĺ֣ͬҲȨ֪صܣǷ֣˶ǵĸ쳣ϣʱд𣬵֮ȴҲûбɹߵӣ֪ԼΪʲôߣһºǼȷϣǾͨ˼ûκεǸ٣ûκε쳣֣ǿȷǣˣһضˡ
ֶ֪Щʲô
ʷ仯ʷĻ˵ͷͷǵĸִС¡ʷѧǶо͸飬һȴǵԼ˭ǵԼôĶģļƺǴ俪ʼģֻƬ֮пԷǾʱڣΪԼУѾֳ˵ģˡҼǵʱȷʵᵽǡ͡ꡯЩʻ㣬ᵽĲֻֻ࣬Ƭֱ˵һԼ֪˵Щʲô
Ҳ˵ʧˣ
Ҳǵʱһֲ²⣬ǻɣʧȥ˱һּ䡣
ֶүش˵ٺΪʱҹ˲Ÿոսãټ𰸼漰͹Ĺҹ˵ĵԱͶ˻ȥһ¼Դ˽507ȫȨٺʲôҾȫ֪ˡ֪֮һС
ôһ˵ȷʵ֡
ֶү˵֮үüͷ˼Ҳ˳˼ʼ˼ֶү˵һ
ԶͬһģͷĳȶԶһ£ܱߣǵüԼʷ̣ʧ䡭
˭أ
ڳ˼ʱүѾгǰĵĻʵϼ֣ô֪֪ڻڲ507У
˵507ΣұϾѾôˣ507ִӰʮʼһֱϽиָʵ飬λĴ񡯵ˣҲ˵׼
ôڻŵĻ507пܰ

үһʣֶүٶ˳˼֮УͻȻһ̧ۣ˵507ЩģȻһֱ󣬵֪ܵĻ޷ֻѣܸҵʱ䣬˵ҿԶڵϵǴһЩõ鱨
ԵĻǾˡ
ү˵ͷ˵ʱȣϼ֣µ鷳㶯һȻĻʱض֮֡
ģھȥ죬ʱѡ
ֶүĻŸո˵һ룬ͻȻ䣬һɫ۵׹̽ѾҴҵس˻Ȼͨûͨһ
һĳɵüͷ𱸵ûڿ𣿻ǲǣ
׹̽һ⻰ŵˣûйԹ˳嵽߲Զͨһ͹˵ϣغˣˡ
£ʲôˣʡ
ҽҽˡ
ǽ̧һָһսս˵ҽƹٳɱŵֵܣ󡭡
ʲô
⻰һڣڳ˶סǾ˲


814 ֵ
һӦҸϽλǰվҲ˲Ļﻹû˵껰ļֶүˣߴŵ׹̽ھ塣
ʵҾȣһȺ˽׹̽ڵ󣬺ܿһҽ豸ķǰ
ǵʱͼǷſѾ˺ܶˣһǹȥ׷ÿ·
ҽ˷һǰǶһѪ۵׹̽ѪУѾ
￿ſڵһЩҽˣȻǾһҵսһʱŭͻͷŶſڵЩںô£ﵽ׳ʲô£
أǣǳ֣СС
ǻشĽµģݺݵһֺۣлֱ˵ô£ʲô
Сбԭ
ԭ
ǽڵĻʱһȥһѾ߬ס½ŵǽ˫ȶʼԾز
˵ô£ԭ˵ԭɱԼֵܣⲻܡ
̣ң˵ǧȷ
ǽսսش˵ʱǾڸͻȻһҽоܹѾͱԭҽ˳ּϻһ֪װʲôſſģǼ鲻ԾǰѯʣԭͻȻǳִ䣬סûǷӦأѾˣҽҽһֵѾɱ
ôܡԭΪ¡֮֡һĲ
ƺ׶һУʱͼΧ׹̽Ҳ׷׵ͷʾ˵ġ
ʻĹѾԭͲҽﵽһү۾ͻȻӱ߼һѾ˵Сҩƿڱһ£ɵһü˵ȷʵ
Ϲޣôô׾ͱ˸ץߣ
ʻһڣүѾǲСҩƷ˹˵ҩȻʵվһȱ㣬ɫ˶Է˼ˡ
ʦǱ˵ˡ
ү˵Ĺ򣬰ѾӷһֱһɫĳĶϸһ˿ࡣ
ǱԭɫȻûҩԴߡ
үһڣҸǴŭɵһ۳˹ȥ㵽ҪʲôΪʲôôɵֶν
֪ôһ˵Ҳסˣεı飬ҵһϼ
ûңǸϽߵ׹̽죬гڷԲóֺͱԭߣ
ף
ӦȻʱͼԶڣûܵǰһѾŵغˣԭͳ뿪˻ء
ʲô
ٶһɫ˲ѿ־ʵҲ˵ؽڱϸأûҵκ˲𣿡
ǵȻ֪ǡԭΪ׹̸߼ɲҲǿոΪס˲Ǵ֣ⲻǣǸ뿪Ҿ͸Ͻ㱨ˡ
쵰Ҫʲô
ýҧأԾоȻһĪֻ֮ǰû︮ٵ˶֮±ħ磬׹̣˹λڴʦûӳģȻҲ˱˱ѵζˡ
ǻǶ֪ȻҲû˼ˣϽֳʵǵĻ£븺װһı˵쵰ڱ
ôĵӣҸô˵
һҲ˲ŭһΧ׹̶ֵܼ̽Χ
ȻˣµĵֵǵҲָ˲٣ȻҲʾһЩ׹̽Ҫ֣û˵ͶҵǰһĦȭƾһˡ
ʱﻹ˵ʲôϵϾ︮׹ô޵У֧ĻҩͰвǹ߻Ͼͻ
ɻû˵һүѾ첽ǰ˫ֹסüͷʲôʱˣǻ˼ܣѵ𣿡
үһֵܶɵסٿЩ׹̽ڣҲʹ˸ɫ˻ȥ
̬ǿסүʵֻһ䣬治ڱ
⻰һЦش˵϶ʲôǶ֣ץĻòŶôɵֶΣڵҾֱץѵס𣿺οָԼֵܵ
⻰˵Ȼȷʵûеһ䣬ǴҶѾ˵ˡ
һĬ֮Уֻүٶȷ˵ʲôûã֮ȰȻ˵ʱˡ
ûԭͳĹҵΣһĹǣ
˵ŻֳߵĽ˹ȥãѲԭ䣬̵ʱ䣬쵰ץ
ǣ
ȵȣ
һȺ׹̽ڸӦһҪȥ£үȴѾǽסֳ˵ǵĻس£ǵ˶֣ȥ飬𣿡
ʲô˼üʵ
Ҳù˰ɣֵ︮ܳ£Ȼֵ︮ȥȻأα׹̲أ
үһͻȻֵѣ˭ԸԸ£
үһڣѡһչȣһվ˳ȥ


815 ˵ټ
ү˵û︮£ȻҪ︮Լ
˵ָһ˵ھҪȥԼֵܣһֱǵжڻ·ֻƴ
һû䣬ѾһĦȭҵԣƺѾǿȥ׼
ٿſڵһȺ׹̽ڣһĿ浫ϵľʧ룬ȻǰԹǵĿҲɲǲ¡
һȻأ˵껰֮ȴͻȻֳһĨЦȱ𼤶һֱҲǵǵѡǿ£ܰ𣿡
˵ֺЦŰһۣ˵㣬СҲáҲգǶǰ˰Ļָ󲻵ģٿ±ִħʸԶԶ֮ͨϣأ
˵ʱԾؾͱõػ𱸣ڰο
ǲͬȻ˵ǷվҲͨͨķ֮壬Ʋãɸġ
ҲҪġ
ͳͰȻЩΡ
һЦһȺ׹̽һ֣һȺóһ·
ͷɨ˰һۣĿתң˵ȻҪԼȥ飬Ǿ㣬ǺϵҷһֱﲻߣֻһҪȳǵý׹쵰Լ
ûĻ˵֮󣬳ү˹ȥûأүȵ˵ͷſ˵Сѡ˸һȥ
үأٶʵ
ΪͨŵӣϵٶȱЩԼħҪ࣬»Ҫʱһ²С
үȻô˵ţǳû⣬ȴ͵͵ʹ˸ɫʵ⣬һӾ˹
Ȼү׹̵Ļ˽һ׹̵Ͼ˵ͬ˺Ĺϵһ죬ֻữΪУġ
Ȼ׹ڻסǣ仰˵Ҳǵ׹ڲ۲һһһʱ
үѶҲûٶ˵ʲôֵɨһ֮󣬽±ԼոջعŶӵ˳˵һȥ˸үһú
һһڣҰ¶˵ĵɫ΢΢һЦ˵ǷľˣǶڿǰϵͺõòˣǣǧҪС
˵ЦЦɫѶҲûϾԼҲףʱ˿ͨĵŵƻûȫָǸһȥִҲֻΪɶĸοܲܰүһܲǡ
֮ѡ±ԼɵˣһΪ巽ʹӲ磬ûȫ⿪ӡָϹɽһ֧״̬ԸоڵϢѾͬˡ
һƺÿһսʵͻͽʸǺõòˣǰĴһսûĹѾܻˣʷΨһܸһƴģҲֻʣˡ
ͷͻȻʼ¡
ڵڶ㣬ȻԼһȺֵܱȽŵùһʱҲȽ˳֣˵ˣ˳±ɵԼ֮⣬˵嶼ûлظҳȥĻµĸ±ĹϵȽ⣬Ҳòһȥɡ
ѡԱ֮Ǿ׼뿪Ȼ׹̵˶ûȥţȴһסſڣüͷɨһۣʵСʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼Ҿʡ
ǼֵܳôˣȥΪʲôȴһ£
˵Żһۣʵϵ϶ô˵ˣһЦ˵ҲΪãڻ
ҵ˵飡
ûҰѻ˵꣬Ѿϣֲͷ˵ûˣСĶҲ֪ǲʧȥˣҪȥˣʹһȥֵܣҲҵֵܡ
ǡ塭
Ҳ˵ڶ飬Сҵָúܺãⲻòĵ⡭
ִⲻɿڣҲЩΪˣҲҼӪʱ䣬ҲֻܵͷӦ
Ա֮ӪСӾʽˣǸûҼʱ䣬Ҳûʲô׼Ͻߡ
ſʱͼƺҪ˵û˵Ѿûһ۾Ͳ
׹һȺ·Ϊ·ʵΪӿѺ£˻صĳڣ⿴ȻѾǰˣ;ҲûţȻҶôϲ׹̵˽ӲͷƤѯһ£ֺͱԭ˴ӻߺȥȻȴûеõʲôõϢ
˻ػܣΧһƬɽ֣֮ǰȻɨɽȴЩôӣȥĶأ
ʱͻȻһ׹̽˵ûʲôԭֵ˽Ʒ
һ˵⻰̾˹Ȼ׷׷Ѱԭͳֵټ׹̽ȴҡҡͷΪѵ˵ԭͳǱ̸߲ɲƽʱֻڹɽܲᵽȥĶʲô˽Ʒ
ǽȻЩƣȻҲƭǣһʱ䣬ҸΪ
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׷ȫ֮ˣҲܰǵæ


816 
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˵Żͼ΢΢һЦͷͰѸԶļڽ˹˵ųʣнʬʱ֮ڣԭͳָҡ
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⻰һʱסûȳڵĺ仰ҲѾ˻ȥ
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ͻģƺȫ飬һ֮ͻȻǰһ˫˲俪ʼӡ
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Ҳɵһ䣬ɰȴûңûҰѻ˵꣬ѽ˫ָָĴֱָСָʳָϣʨӡǾַӡ֮Сͳӡʩӡ־Ҽǵá
ӡʱѾͬʱĬģһ˲ͼһ㰵ؽɫ΢⡰һͽȻǡͳӡѾá
ͳӡ˫ȼ־ʣɰʱӡʲô;
Ȼû׹ͼ˫ʮָӡһ䣬еҲʼ˱仯ϸһȻڽʩչ׷־ʩȫûнκηߵġ
־һɣͻȻͼŭһϥʱһѾŵȥƷȻһڽİɢӵ汻Ʒ紵ĸ֮£Ѿֳһ·֮˿̳һ㡭
·˲仯Ϊؿ˵֮£Űһŭһ̧֮¶ʱءһըһŨذ̣һǺڶڱ󿴵ѾסٿҲѾüͷ
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ҸϽһɰûȻشһѪѾӿ⡱һϽȥһ߬סĸ첲㣬ôˣ
Сܡ
˵ʱûпңȴбɨһۣʱѾұ˵ͳӡӵޣȷʵԽ֮ǿʩĸҲ޷ӵġ
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ûһ˵꣬ͼǰŨİѾܿͽǰյȫ֮йӰأǺѸ˲Ļ̡̻
ʩչĵȫѾԽԼԼܳܵļޡ
һʱ䣬ĪĿǰҲͻȻֺҪҵԭͳ֣԰ǵæΪʲôôִ
ΪɱҸס
תóų޵ĿֱüͷѾҧ˵ˡ
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ĻͻȻڣֵܼڶȫסٿϸ˲仮һ˿㵣̲סһļ׹̽ڣѾݡ
㣬˵ʲô
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Ĭ֮УͻȻͼ͵һ˫ۣһ˲䣬׻ѾԤ׵شըȴըǣըԼı
ͬһʱ䣬ֻһҽдļ׹̽ڸûüӦѾϷųĵΧס
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˵һЦٿѼʧأʱһŹŨѾɢǺԽ
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⡭⡭
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ոհӡ׷ӡΪʲôᡭΪʲôִδֹ
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⴫˵еˣﵽײŶǿǱ
Сƣ⻰ʲô˼Ҳʡ
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817 ɽ
ʦ֮Уéɽ£֮һϵеĵԡֻ֮Ϊٻ֮һͨʩչĵޡ
С˵꣬Ҿ㵵ʵ˼˵ޱͻƵĻͻǰֽ
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˼ǡѾͻļޣѾʹó֮ԭ
Ӧݹʷ֮ȷһЩΪˡĵʦӵֳԽ༫޵ʹõ֮ѲǵΪ׷١˲ƻǱһЩԵ;ǿɽٻ˼䣬ʩԸڲҲӡ
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С˵ɷ£Ժвͣ͵ʱѾŰһЦôѵ˵ھҪұ𲻳ɣ
һڣڰ鵱ͷĹҲѾͻȻϥسŰݵһʮҲѾˢˢءһݵڵأֻͷĹСϤɷԸ
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һȺڰһɷһĹѾӻܳһȺ׹̽һ¶棬̸нԼĽм䣬ٿȴЦƺȫûбǰЩŵ
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ܹȥҪʻȴѾŭҡҡͷݺ˵Һ֮ޣһһڣҪ
ƺûҪԼͼüͷ΢ɻҲûǣһЦ֮תʹֽ˻֮УǰʱͷҲص˵ȻҪȥӪҲţǼסʲôѣʱҡ
ȻûҲûǣ˵ʱѾһȺ׹̽ʧڵػ֮С
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⻰ҲⶼסӰ԰ֻбԭͳ˶ѣѵ˵ǻͬ
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һʧҸϽֳŰʵųǻûӳɽﲻĹֱסǣڸϹȥȳˣ
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818 
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ȷʵԭΪ֮֡һȻ֮ǰû׹̻ﱻȻ⡰֡µĵ֣һڶ˵Ĺ̬Ⱦܿ׹ȻǸ߲ɲɼһߡ
Ȼǲŵһμ棬Ǵ˵ԼΧͨڶ̬Ⱥ׹ڵְȻҲи߲ĸɲ
һ˼ܣôɵѶԼĵ˷أԿ֪ԼһԼŵˣȻŵˣ˾;ôױ棬һ⡣
뵽˵ûô򵥣ھʹݾߣųߵ㣬跨̽һЩ˵ĿġԼָʹߵݣȻᡣ
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Ϊ︮Ļѧ˿ԱӦԲʱ֮裬û뵽ȴǵ˸׹̽賵ķݶϣЩΡ
Ҹհ˵ȴ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ˵СͨǿеǣαصȥǷ׹̵أ
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΢΢һЦС׺ͷϸ˼֮˵С꣬εͷһæˣ֮ǰڷ͵͵ѵ㡢ĶӦûûɣ
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һӦɵӵ۾ˣϾСһֱԼıŮһ׾پͱ£ôˣ
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ʱͻȻһһǿӱ±ҲѾǿ紫СҲˣ
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ҺٺһЦϽͷ⣬Ҳû˳±ıϡ
ҶѾˡϽµİ׺ų֡ԭӴܵķ׷˹ȥ׺ȻҲһ䣬ͬһ㡰ᡱһ¾͡ҡǰҹĻµ֮ڡ
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819 
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ڳ±ıϾӸ£¹һ֦ԼԼؾͼһ׹ɽзɿشţȻͨѩ׵ľβǰ񱼣βɵҲʾźһͨ񱼣˫֮رĳ̡
ǵأźһ۵糸ϾҶУ˶ѾһûһĹѾɽ֮дԾ֮Ѿɽ¹ȥǰһƬտƽԭȻѾҪĽ
ûֹͣŲһƽԭϣβԼǻȫȿֺǰ壬ĿֻһǾ
ʱͻȻһһغͻȻǰĿյƾէ֣¹֮£ǺͬˮɢīһɢûõĹ򣬺֮ѾûһǰľβڰֹͣǰУɵ漴Ȼֹ±Ҳһ峯ŵȥϸһȻϳӺ֮лûģȻ֮ǰԵٻһ
βŸոһͣ£ûȰأں̰֮µĹѾ첽嵽˰ǰû˵ͨһ͹˵ϣŰֱȭɣҷԷͻϮأʮֵѱûɢ
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ͷ͵һҲһЩԵĵطϽſϸһȻʯͷſڵӰ֮Уźܶдĺɫʯͷ
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ץһʯͷɵ̴ߴٵС㻹Ÿɶأ˰ȥˣҲ£
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ſڵĽȻֻЩνϵõķ䡢ϤǵĲʽһ׾ϳȻ߽һ˲Ѳɵذֹ
ΪʲôһΣֵǵѣ


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ʱͻȻͼǰ֮УģӰѾûǼӰߵǰֻꡱһԭΧŵʮϵĵѾԤ׵һŹ˲佫Χм䣬վĵط硣

鲻Խغ˰һϾô֮ѾϰȥЩɽסֵǡ
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΢΢ףۿǰֵӰѾԽԽûѡԴУڰĴ£Ӱӭ˹ȥ
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ٶȿڣ˵ʱ΢΢ЦϵļңҲûа취ĵطϾǳԹ
ǰϸǺþûˡ
εһ˿ڣ΢Цһ֮󣬲Ц콫λʵȣԣλӰ
ξȻǿˣʱĶ¸ѿ࣬ǸողšɵӣƢ𱩣ڸͲסˣһ˵˹ģֱӾͼˣһۺʲôƨأƲƣǲǣǸĵˣ
λ˧磬αضŭ
΢΢һЦ⻰һڸֱӾͰӵƢȼˣ۾ֺƸղŽɶ
˧硣Ц
ɶҶ䲻ʹ˵һ飡
˧硣
ɶҶ䲻ʹ˵һ飡
˧硣
ɶҶ䲻
Ҳү
˲䣬εɰȻ޴棬һ׼Ĺǿ׼ȷ󣬲֪ľԲȻǸձ
һҲˣʱһŭ𣺡һأǲһѶץ

˲¶ݺݵŭҲҪץһҪץˣΣ
ѽѽǶزͦװѽûүǶƲƣƲƣ㿴ҲӺ㡭
û䣬Ѿ۳γȥһЦۿѾԽԽȻŲæضӣϸָڵһɨһ˲һָ⻮ĵϣʱɳʯתڷɶһѾӭɵӵǰ
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̼䣬ӱɳͷҵҽȾܣĶʱȥ˼̧ɨһֱڶЦľ£ʵľ£ڵΪ˭񣿡
ľ¾ȫûκεԥЦѿڶ
׹̡


821 ˫
ʱ򣬵˵ԼΪ׹ЧֻȫֳκεľȻȴͬ׹ִľ¿˵ʱѾȫס
׹̣ôܣ
ľ¡κͷ˴ʱ˿Ϊ׹ЧΪʲôͻȻ׹ԼĻｫٳֳϧɱ׹̽ڣ
³֮ıͷӦȻͰźõһ֣һеķ˼ܵʼϲ
˵Ϊ׹Ч
ȻҲľ⻰Ӻսһŵʱ䣬ʵȻΪ׹ЧΪʲôҪԼĽǽΪʲô
ǴδѹԼĽ
ľ΢΢һЦֿڵΪʲôߣⲻϼɸǵѣҲֻ£ģҲ޿ɷ桭
ϼǵϼʲôˣ
һʣʻŸոճڣͻȻһЦľµıԶԶ
ϼңԣʲôǴֱҡ
ǾȻǸŮ˵ͬʱͼӰѾӺڰⲽǱԭͳˣȴ֪Ūȥˡ
ҸҪĶǰıԭѾ΢΢һЦԹԵؿ˵ְߵ˾ˣҰǻ˻ҽܳģСʲôǴҡ
ֻ֪ǵΪʲôôŭʵ
ԭ΢΢һЦֻ˵ĸ֣ȴѾðǼٶס
Ϊǡ
ҡǣ
˲һȻû⻰ʲô˼ֻԭͻȻһ֣ѾԵЦǻŸʲôǷϻϽ£Ҳȥ
ԭһڣֱ͸һʥּһԵķľԼոոԭһֵĳ˾ȻԼͬؾͳ
һѳǷ˹ȻǲټȥˣҲֻܰںü׼мܡ
ʱڳŲԶһɵӺҲɻѽѷֲʤ׼ȷ˵ϵԼͷΧпԴĶɵӷ𹥻ȻǰɵӲŸոաһΣµĵȻѾָ״̬ϸսԽսԽ£˵ٶȺʽ˵Ȼθһ۳־սĻɵӦǳԲ˿ˣϾֵģͿԱθ߳˲ٱ
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׺
ͻȻһֱ֣۲ŸոһƴСԭСľβ׺˲䡰ᡱһ¾ʹܵ˰Сϣۿľӭ׺ڰֱϽһͬҵķɼһӭľµϾ˹ȥ
׺Ȼ󣬵ͳ̶ȿɲѷɫκħޣۿžҪľײһС׺צҪľûٵץӡ
ȻʱͻȻͼľµ΢΢һûȱС׺צץȻѾһ˲֮ٶŤһΣȻգۼĹͱ仯˰ģ
ľͻȻúͰһģһ١ͻ·ð׺˲ʧɫֻ΢һ㶵ĹٿǰЦ˫һ𣬰׹˳ֱۿʼת͵һƳС׺ͷϴȥ
һС׺ǷӦ˹Ȼڰ֮ҪѾˣһʱžһС׺һҽУǼ١ݺݵһѾݺݴС׺ͷϣС׺õ˳ȥ
Ů
һС׺١ˣμս˲侪סֻһĹѾץסڵء
Ƥ񣬵ƾε͵ϮסȻǲܵģٿٰһƴɳȥС׺˱׺ݵһֱӴͷ֮⣬Ѿ˲䱻һҵصס˵ǰԼˣҺͳ±Ա߶ɵصһ⣬ô£
ľӵ⽫Լ仯˵ģȫҲֻģ±˵ģѣΪʲôҲܹݵʩ
ۿűɳȥС׺ҪˤϣҲ˲ϻ᲻ᱻ׺ŵǲȾˣû˵ͳŰ׺ȥһѽԼĻ
סС׺һ˲䣬׺ĵҲʼڰǵ֮ǿֱ˵Ԥϣɫĵոһ㽫סһžѾڰͬһʱ䣬һŵʼըûһĹѾϵ·ըǧٿס
ͨһ§ŻеС׺Ժ˵أһ䵽ϣըĵǲͣסһõ·ﾹѿʼðһİȻǱըòᡭ
㡭û°ɡ
ûȹԼǵͷŵǾһŵСС׺ίء໡ըðȴڶԼůů΢ЦԾؾͳŰ̽ͷȥͷڰϱը˿£ΪϵѪ
İɣҲû¡
С׺ƺûʲô󰭣ǷģһֽС׺е˵ϣһǱһ̧ɨɱԼģľ£ͼɰģľ˫֮ɰ׹Ȼǹâͬһ㣬Լ˫֮Ϸٵתš
ⲻܣôżҵ˫ľ£㵽Լʩʲô


822 
ұøǿĿɲǸ߸ϵ񰡡
˵䣬ͼٰͻȻһǰȻ˫ۺİսһ
һ֣ͼ׻է֣Ȼ˲ͽⳡս˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
ٰս֮ʱѱ仯ΪСŮģĳ±ҲѾӭųԼĳȥ
ִëñϴһ˹˹ĵĽ۾ôǸС꣬û뵽±ʱȴ¶һ
ң
Сˣ
ŭۿ˾ҪײһʱͻȻͼ±͵һ˫ۣһ𶯵ֱ˲仯Ϊһ˫ᣬѾų±Сڿն
ͻۿžҪ˵±ϵĳָӦӦأѾȱڿնĳ±͵һϡ
һźݺĳֶʱӦأϵ۾Ҳꡱһ߶ϳ롭
ڵصĳֶʱŭһĨϵ鲣ƬѪվ̧ͷһֻ±Ѿȫһֻ޴ɽģ˵Ŀעŵŭɶĳ֣һЦƾССҲԣ㿴Ҳצ˺˵
˵䣬±һѾֳŵӥãһĶӭӲӣǱ±ŵˡ
±ҲÿһΣһצض׺ݵֵϺץһΣץֽңץģֵǰغԼ첲϶Ѿץɼǵĵ˺ۡ
ۿų±ĹԽԽͣԽԽҲ֪ڳ±͵ع֮Ѿŵú޻֮
ڰ֮еĳ±һǱӣʱһЦСӣҪڹһ̣һ
òҪң
ұ㣬ôҲҪ㣬һҪ˺㣡
һŭʢ˵ĳ±Ѿһӭͷų׺ݵٶȣһֻб磬һ˲ѾҪײ˳ֵϡ
ֲɵصһΣѹͷҪѾˣֻһſ˵ϣƺҪӳ±צ֮¶ȥһ㡭
ĶչǱȳ±˰ģ±Ӱϻ֮ʱꡱһŵһצѾǳֵĺϺݺݻɼǵ˺ۡ

۵һҽУһйó֮󣬳±ֻӶ˫ڷɶڿ֮ٻͷһǰĻȴѾɵصһ
ֻھҽеĳֻſڵϣѪѾ˳űϸձ˿͸󱳶ȾѪѪġ
ȻѪܵ˿֮УͻȻͼƬ׺Ķſϵ˿ڣѪ֮˳
һѪܵĻ治Ż˸߸ϵĳ±ҺͰԼɵӶɵؾסƬ̣ת˲֮䣬Ƭ׺ĶѾѪ̳ԽԽ࣬ͻȻһѩ׳״ĶȻһһƬƬëȻչţǳ
ֻѪܵİɫһſ׳˶֮ʣŭɶسҲѾҧ۴ӵϻ
Ϊαҳ֡
ǻû£ͻȻͼֱϵѩ׳ٶһգۼĹ򣬱±צץ˿ڡʱѪܵȻڿնԿ±ٶֱûȳ±Ӧȴѽߣ͵һȭʹ˳±ϡ
±һƺߣѴӿбͨһ͵˵ϡ
ݺڵϵĳ±˻Դǻָѣ̧ͷһɵۡ
㡭ǡǡ
ΪոճϿеٶ̫̫ĹϵǳһֱͷϵëñӾȻѾǿƷ˳ȥñһƷͷϵͷ̾Ʈɢ˳ʱڿӭųȶʱǿչ
һͷѩѩ׵ľ
ҡҵš
棬ͷ͵һ£˲ɵۡ
ʱȴֽϴŵ˫ƤЬҲΪ̫ɿĹϵԼĽһ˫ƤЬĵ䣬ֵһ˫Ҳȫ¶ǵǰ
ǲǽţǡ
һӡ
㡭㡭
±Ѿ㵵˵ˡ
㵽ʲô
Ҳǹˣˡ
ֻ˫ۣطŭɨԼ塭
֮Ի᳤ֹӣȫΪиְĻ쵰סΪұ⸱ģѵ𣿡
㡭òǡ

ûҴӾ֮зӦѾ͵һͷײҵؿϡ
һ˲ֻоһůĿһֱӿɤۣۡһѪ˳ûҷӦѱݺһͷײʮԶͨһˤڵء
СĶֿѽһֱű˿ûꣿ
ԭһЦ˵¶ףȻѳ״׷ڵأʼ
ôܣı֮ǡҪˮܡ
Ѳԭҡ
һЦ˵˫͵һţȻڵһ㳯һͷײ˹
ƲҸϽһٴ˵ûԼأءһ죬ԭվĵطѾһͷײһ
⼸˵ʵֱǶûȻԴϴηֱ֮ȻѾõ޷ݵľ޴
ǡǵ׾ʲô
ٶû˵أһͷײ
鼱֮ҸϽںİȰ˳һչ֮ӭŷġͷ͵˹ȥ


823 ʦѹ
ȵסͷͬʱȴѾײ˳ʮԶǹɾĺֱײǿס壬ɸûȷȴٶײֱǿըڻ𣬴ǳȦѾֻʣǿмܵ
㣬㻹ǲǵԼݡʦħ֮ˣΪʲôҪԡ
ٶȾɷȴȫҵûֱѾ׷һ㣬һδγҵײ
ڷһδײ֮£ƾһȻǲԳ赲鼱֮ҸϽζۣѪɫĻɢСȻγһ޴ѪɫƣмܷĹơ
ءһһͷײڶ֮ϣץסϽӶеİȷ𣬶δܷӦķŰ֮£õ˳ȥ
һȴǿ磬зϣΪȶʱ̫ԵʣֱӱӴǿ紵õɵ˿УҲǵԴϢһ
ұΪԵ״̬ԱӦԷغض˲䷢͹
˭뵽ձһƷɵеķͻȻڿסΣȻ϶ƾܼԾơ
һڳҪٶȹ⡱һȻʱڿСûκķٶ͵һ˫ȣ˲ͬһڵһ㳯͵
⣬ôܣȻڿУȫûκ㡢£ʩչ֮ͯ
ûҴӾ֮зӦͷѡءһеĶ֮ϣһʱ䣬֮ͬǰһײˣòסΣҸæϵĶƺݺݵһ壬סΡ
ٿŸոշ깥ķͷж֮徹ڹԵȫһţֻҶϺݺһȣԾһշ
ٺ٣С㿴ô
ŷһЦ˫ڿкݺһţ徹һγҵĶϺݺײءͷжƵ˲䣬ٶ˫ųסƵɳȥɷɳȥԶ֮ƾյ߿һͷ
ûõĹ򣬷編һǳɣҵĶϺݺߴΣߴ͵عһοһΣһһΣȴֻܶڶƵĺ棬ȫҲκηĻᡣ
ΪĶףھѵҴ˳ǿķȻÿһӦԵ˵Ĺʱƶȡҵ֧
һδ͵ع֮ѾʼͷΣȻȴ벻κκõķܴ͵ع֮¶һ٣ɾʱĵڰ˴ιѾٶϮ
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ǿĹ͸˲䴫ҵȫ£һѾײ÷ֱҲ֧еĶƣһ˲һ飬ͷѴѵĶƣݺײҵؿϡ
ҲһҽУ͵ͷֱײʮԶڵ˼֮ȴվվˡ
ᡭǡǵΪʲô
ٺ٣ǲһƽݾķѰȫͬ塭
˵䣬ЦķѶӰںܵļƣƾҪٶȷ𹥻
ҽҧƴӣոôݺһײڵϺݺˤ˼£ʱ˿̻ĹͷҪƵģһۡ
ٿֵܣڵĴȻҲɶ١
սȻǲɵӵģжͽСΣɵѱתˣʱ˿̣һѷڿеʯͷ˷ɵӲŸոյõõһѾñˡ
ٿΣڲԶ΢΢Цȫκ˴ҲΪɵӻһζû˵ı壬һֱͷŪš
ǶʯͷǸɶ
һȺȺʯĹ֮£ɵӶɳˣȻÿҪʯͷĹȥץʱζãɵӸ
ٿڼһƴٰ˵׻䣬ɻѷֲ٣Ͼ񲻵òȫͬʹõĸȫһģһʽ͵Ψһֳ˭˭ǼٵķİھȾβ׺ʱѾԷųĵˣʱ˿̣ľûļٰǱˡ
ٿԱߵС׺ȫһģһˣȻѾȦˣڲ˵˵˻Ļƿ϶鲻ԽؾһԲ˭˭ѽ
С׺һԲ֪ΰæϽȥﲻԶñ׵ɵӣС굹תɵӴܣɻûܵԱأȴɵ໰˻ȥ
˭أԼ򲻹Ƕǲǣ
ȻɵѾ۸üۣȻֱӰѰĺ⵱ˡ¿ηΡ
һСĶҿǾȥ±Ȼ̧ͷһ±ͳִʱ˿ڿн֣ȫûҪĴ㣬Сɲɣ̧ͷڿмսһʱҲû⡭
˵±ͳֶг򣬵֮³ֱϾȳ±ֻ֣⵹ó±Ծ˿ͷ
ƺѾ˳±Ĺ·֪ڽȶһצϮһֱȶظڳ±ΧԱ޷ԼϮ͵ֱӷ˳±ơ
ûһƣ±ɵۣ֮£ӵһ˫ֵĳֿνռϷ磬ûһĹ򣬳±ѾУòˡ
Ϊ︮һֱĿսͷơ±Ȼô׾ͷ䣬Ǽ㱻ñˣǼȶų򣬾屣ƽȡ


824 Ҫ
ۿ±ƺҪ֧ŲסС꿴ＱֱţκԼûг򣬸Ͱﲻʲôæֳ֮˹
ǿǱſڵϣСϽ˹ݵסҵ½ǣקҡ
ͣקңССĲҲ֪ǰΪԼȴﲻʲôæʱʱͷ໡ģǿɰòС
ٺ٣ллˣС
̲סͷǱƴͬʱֳСٺЦİС꣬ǡûµġ
ҵİУСɫԵúÿ˲٣ȻûҵĻ£Ѿݺһͷײ˹ءһײҵؿϡ
ͻȻ͵ϮҲ³һѪȻһȴûбײɳȥûе¡
ڷײ֮£ҽҧ˫Žżס棬ȻǱײһ󵹻ɻ˼ԶڻסΡ
صķһҾԭأ˲ʧɫüͷͻȻһЦ˵СȰ㻹ͶɣȻ㺦ҵĸ籾ʵҲ㡭
ǣɲǲҵӣֱҪһ
ЦҲЦȻؿѾݺײûջǵġ
һѪĭĨһǵѪֳŷЦ㻹ûлشҵأǵΪʲôҪΪ׹̹
ѾͻشˣΪ塣
΢΢һЦʵǣΪʲôҪ׹̵Ļߣɲڰ׹̣ں׹̶ŸɰɣǱ˸׹̣ԣǵΪ˭ΪһУΪʲô
Щû취ش㣬֮ҲǷ¶ѣСԹԵͶɡ
˵䣬Ѱں˼ƴ
ϾӵǡҪô׽Ҫô
δ䣬ͼ˫һţѡᡱһײ˹
ײ
һΣҶ㶼û㣬ҲûһͦظֱԼؿӭס˷ͷ
ء
һٶȴͷײϵһ˲䣬Ĳһŭ𣬰źڰѴŹ
͵طˣؿըһ˲䣬ؿڵ·Ѿ˺÷飬һͷײؿϵķ˲䵹һ
㡭ô
ȻʷϷһЩ飬ǡʶ֮ҿɴûԹһ䰡ɽұһ¡
˵䣬ҽ˫ȭٶǻ͵ǰһءһٶȴڱѽ͵ײ˳ȥ
СձȥİɣҪǶǻʮǧأ
һŭȻѾײ÷ﵹɳ˶ʮԶͼڵϡžҹһͨûͣѾһͳ˰ȣתű͵һȣ𣬶ѽᡱһ¾һܵ˷ǰһѾڵ޶ס˷Ĳӣӵϸ
ôܡ㡭ôܡ
үǲ򣬿ɲǴ򲻹㣬Ͼ֮½ͲֵžҴһͨɲǸøɵ¶飬ֻЩСܲɵó̫ʧˡ
˵ʱҷֽӲ䣬첲ȸ˷ȭȭǳˣζԴ˵ˣոյʢѾȫʧ٣ϡﻩѪҴõš
˵ҼţôûĿɲֻһÿڵҲڽԭΪܺͺ죬˳׼仰ȻôҲͱӲˣй¶Ƚ㲻ŪҲ٣ĵӺ۸ǲǣ
˵Żһ֣ûȷѾ̱ˤڵϣѾ̯˳ȥ˲ֱײڷĺϣײһƺߡͨһڵأжвˡ
Ҫ
˷һ֮ת˻ںľ¼սİһŲŵס
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ʽͻȻѸİľûļٰһ˲תûõĹ򣬼ٰ͹֮ˣȻֻʣм֮
СǱûջջǲ١
һ͹֮£ͻȻͼ΢΢һЦֿڵ֮ǰȷʵ˲٣˵ˣ˵ˣͻȻǹǹʱƺڳſ͵͵һ£Ӧþڰɣ
˵ߴ򣬾ȻԽԵٿٰȻмܣɫҲѿ
ڵ㲻ɱ˵ӣ˶Է֮󣬸ʱʩչԷҲµöԲԣϧ߷ԶǸ߷£Ѿע⵽Ȼܹʹҵȫʽ͵Ǹ߷Aߵĵɲ־ãֻһ㡭
㡭㾹ܷЩ
ǺǣҷֵĿɻֹЩһ֣ձɲԴ֮ǡ֡дз䣬׹̵ķ䣬浱ûע⵽𣿡
˵ŻͻȻһ֣˲ָǼٰסٰʧɫɸûȷƾѱƿ


825 ʧٵĺ
ݺһľûļٰƣ̱¶һúɫīдķ
صķȻûм׹̵ķҵǲİΪң
һߣٿٰڰ˵ʱȻɫһϽִӰ°˻뷴
ɸû֣ȻһƴûǼٰӦȻĵѾǼٰס
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ľڵһŰ˫ۣ޲Ӷɳһ
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ɵӶʱŭɸûκεмֻܼԹ԰
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һͨȭɵӼѾú޻֮ԼƤ񣬱һͨȭԶûһһȭͷڽСĳ±ϵĻƳ±϶Ҫùˡ
ۿųֵҧһͨȭͷкȭͷȻԽԽƺǳѾˣʱŸոշӦɵץס͵һȭͷ˻ȥֻһȭͷѾƺһ˵ϡ
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ÿһˤˤڱŵҲҽμˤʱ̷ٶȽٴᵽУֱ͸ɽƵġ
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826 Ů
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һѣ±˸ҲȫȻһɵۡ
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ͻȻٶһɸûȴҷӦͻȻ䣬͵һ´ǰƾէ֣һɫĳͷѴӿ˲ӭǾͺݺײ˹

һͻȻ֣ײ˹ȫסŵøϽ㡣
仯üֱ̫ˣͻȻֱֵǴһε֮һ㣬ܿȫǰ֡
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ȻӦǴ˱ΪڵĹ
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һȻس׹̻ҽеĻأĲ٣ϾŮ³ʱѾӰнӹ˿ϸоһ£ǿʽС࣬ӦòŪˡ
ʱٿŮˣҲѾӳһֻһֻ˿࣬ϴŵһ˫ɫѥһгƤ£һͷ粨˳ҪྫжྫҪƯжƯĸǺõֱ͸ģƵġ
ȻǰʱԸУҲúƯϸĻƯȴµĺۼ۽ǴѾǳǳβƣ˵Ҳʮˡ
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ͼŮ֮⣬ȻһһˣǻѾӲͬʯһĺ硭
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һڳǱʩʲôҴʧɫϽһߺһ߾ǰ壬ɻûȳ嵽ǰأͻȻͼڶ³ıԭѾ˫ƽӡ־Ÿһɣ˳ԼĽŵ̾ͼһźΧ˹Ⱦ֮أɳǵϵҰݣ̾ͱǲҵغס
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ٿһŮˣˣ˵ʱĿƺһֱû뿪ſڵĳ֣Ȼûһۡ


827 
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һ˲ɵضͷȥ̱ڵϵθǵͷεò֪˵ʲôǺˣĬĬʵŽ㣬ԣԲ𡭡ûá
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һ˲֮䣬ͼһֻѻΪֵӰͬһʱ䳯ų±˫Ϸ˹ȥûǷӦֻ±ͻȻһҽУٿһ˫ſһֵӰĹ֮˲ֳٵϸС˺ۣϵƮë˲ҷ
Ů˵عʽҺͰһϸ±һ˫ϵЩ˿ڣϸСƽҴһҲиٵ֮࣬ĶǱԷͽˣǱΪרҵĴʦͬڶһѷĲ˵žһ


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Ƭ̼䣬ͼԭһЦѳ
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һȥǾֻʣµķݶˣĶٵ飬æһĺ׾Ͱ˳
ͺҲûīϾôʱ֮ѾΨǴӣҵ֮£̳Ŷڱ֮еıԭ˹
ȻûаԤ֮ۿͬɫӰǱ֮Уûȳ嵽ԭԣ˵ĶȴѾͼϿʼһ˪
˲䵹һ˵ʲôࣿûʵĹ찡ôҲǱ˪ס
ɸûҷӦأͼԽԽѾƬ֮ͱһ˪ֱһ㣬Ǳ֮жˡ

ŵþһУȻ˵ʲôΪʱˣѱԭסʱڼһǱ֮еĳ±ѾŮ˵͹֮»˺ۣ˺һϸСͬ쵶˵һ㣬Ů˵κεķֻ˫ֳֵ״ʱʱ衣
ûһΣؼӭų±±ȫ޻֮Ѿ㣬ӰѪܵ˺ۡ
ȻŮƺֱӽ±ɱۿų±֧ͨһ͵˵ϣŮ˾Źڵϵĳ±Ť˹ȥʱ±˫˿ĹϵѾ̧ʹˣֻ۷ߺ޵ضŮ˲˵
Ǻǣϲڵ񣬶ҲһֱҪġ
˵䣬Ůһ߬ס˳±գʱ˿̳±ٶȻΪΣѪܵĿˣʱ˿̱ŮһסԵóˡ
֪Ϊ棬ѵ˶ãʮꡭʮ갡
˵䣬Ů˵ЦԽԽų±ҲΪ
ʮ꣬ڵȵˣСˡ
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±ѾԾƴݺݵصŮʵĻƺʶҡҸʲôһҵʲôط㣿
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Ů˻һڣ±ʱסڱ֮еҲѾȫɵۡ
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ⲻܰҼǵǹ±Դʱʼͱ︮λСƺҶʯͷ֮УһֱڳǷӡص˼˳ºơһˣͻܳ͵ģôʱ̸ܳ
Щ֪롢˼֮ʱȴԱ𡪡
㡭òǡ
ἰ֣⡱һ֣˲ͽ췢ǰŽһ𡭡
ѲɣѲСйأ
Ȼһ˵꣬ŮȴֻһЦɨ˱ڱ֮еҺͰһ֮ͻȻ˵Ҳǽŵֵ֪ġ
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ٶ׷ʣȻŮѾҡҡͷٶЦ˵⼸֣˵ҲϵֻΪô֮УδԼʵй¶һ䣬ֻңԼֽг±򡭡
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Ů⻰ڣǸǾס΢һҲѾ˹ģȻȷʵٲˣΪֻŻԼô¼ҪYY
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ŮԽ˵Խûȳ±͡ûȳ±ͻľ֮׹Ȼݺһѳ±۵ó±һҽУȻŮѾ̧һָֻֻھ±ղԶĵطһӣৡһ±ֶһƽѪۡ
˵ǷǷңָòú㣿СˣҵϹҷҪж˿鲻ɣ


829 
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Ȼʱ˿ΣձԵĿɲֻг±ѣһֱƴںͳѪƴɵҲ̵֧ڵأɳֻƴýһͨȴѾȫûκεĻ֮ͷѾȭͷƣʱѪֱʡ
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ŮѺ֣ͣȻɨŮһ֮ȴֺݺһŲɵӵͷϣžһɵϴһϺɫӡѾɵӵϣȻɵӱ˵ˣѾһʹˣֱ͸Ѿһ
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ۿɵһϢŮٶһŭȻȴֻĲмһ˵ΪҾΪûΪֲƤҽƵĻɵû׼ѾˣŸֵǮʱнȡߵȨ
Ȼ֮ǰɵӴˣʱŭݣ˵ĹѾ̧ԼݺݲɵӵĺϣۡһһŲȥѲ³һŨŨѪ
ֱʱǲڻعֻ֮ǰһֱڳֵһ仰ȻصŮˡ裿
֣ʲôԹ۸һֻɵʲô£
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ŭֻ뼤ŭ֣ԱתעɵһȻȴмһߣЦЦ˵ҿɲҶϾҪǣȻҲ

⻰ͷ⡱һȻһжǻ쵰Ĺ
ΪʲôҪôԼ׽¼װԼԼɱԼˣּװĵذǳѰټ⵽ʲôϷ
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ס֣ٸɵһë㣡
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״ͬȴֱΪࡢࡢơɫҴӵǰ˿ʼѾȫջһ룬ʣµһϣܿһȱȫɰ
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⻰һҲס󷨣ôأԭһû䡢ûӡûһ㲼һΧ׼κӦ֮ôأ
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˵䣬ԭͻȻӵеӣ󻺻̧˫ۣ˫۵ߣͻȻͼΧΧıĸλʼҵתתֱżҵһ㡭
תžͼŰ׻ı֮н͹ɼʱֻ̫ˣȻϸһ˹
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ΪҪˣεħȻҲˣһȭȥʱɵ͵һŻһѪֱڶĳϡ
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С˳һڣߵļ̳ų˹ȥֻ˵ֵϾһҧֻѳûסɵӵȣųֱڹסĹ򣬽ק˰ȫĵط
ٿֻڹһǰ˾ͳűԭڵķ˹һͷײǰı֮С
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ʱһŭͻȻС˳һһ˲ҺͰѭһһ
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˵䣬ͷڹ˱֮Уűԭ˹ȥҺͰȻҲѾϳ
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ҼǵãȮҲ֮ǰ͵͵˵ԭһȺ֮һԼĵʽ̳֮Щձħ֮ͼЩپħȫ͵شﲩԱǵԷϢȻΪ˵ļƻȴǱֹסɸѪ507֮У֮ǰǳɹعԼĵҲ;
ʱ칷ʼնǲæ㽫ĹĻڷڣȴû뵽칷ƽʱһѹˣȻԸǣֻܾʹ˷ֱ֮󣬾Ҳûˡ
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ۿ칷ѾǱסڱмҺͰΪһѺ֪ʲô취ȥ칷ʱѾס칷ͻȻꡱһǲ˪ĿѣһɫӰ͵һ´дܳ
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834 ŵı
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칷˵ͷ˵û׹̵ˣǡɽһСľݡ


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Ҹһ껰칷ն˵һûС˵ôõ飬ǿȷ¥ΨһĳڣҪȥֻܴͨȫûκ¥ķʽҲֻˡ

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һǸϽķ˹ȥͼűߵĽһԲ׻Ķڵϣ첲ϴ䡢ϵΧȹˢء

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Ǽ־ܣٶȿЦ֮ŸʦģѾ߬ӳ˹˫ְס֮󣬾ͳųֳȺŷ˹ȥ
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֮ĲҽͳֵĴˣǱһȺʦѺǰߣͷ˵һӵı
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ںľһЦ⻰̾ͽĿ˹ȥ
˼ϵ
Ȼ̸ϵãȷʵй֮Ե
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һߣһ߱ǰߣһ˵ȻôƢӦҲİɣ㾹ȻҼٰﱾ֪£ɲĺùӳԡ
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һһϲȻû˵أĳʦѾų˹ȥϵһȦҵĲϡ
ƾЩƶסҡ
ۿŴҶȦסҲɵһߣȻľȴԱҲЦߣ;԰ɣηӲ˿أֻҪ£ʱӡ
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˵⣬ֱڻԺأǸŵʲôô£㿴´ġ
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Ȼһ̾ҧؿԿ֮ڶǵʵ
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˵䣬ͼ˫ۺԽԽһʣſ˫۾ͳų±˹ȥ
ԭ𣿡
ܣȥģ
ûⱯ˵֮зӦ±ͻȻһѾ߬ס˳±ͷϾߣֱС
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һ⻰Ҷס
ٿɫ˵ô£ҲûеһѾȷˣ׹̣

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˵꣬ҺͰһ΢΢Ц
Сӣ˭㡭Ǳץסˣ


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˵ͼ̧ƣֶû£ӽűߵĵͻȻءһðһһΨֵЦ
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Ӱ֮ĲǱˣʵ۴ɸ硣
硢±һı˶Ŀɿڴ΢΢һЦ˵ܹձʦ£Ÿص׹̴˾ôУžԲϵǳ֮⣬Ҳѡ
˵ʱͼɸһ¸첲Цҿڵ±˺ܾˣͶǲ
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˵֮һ̲סЦһ£ּ̧ץס˩Լӵ
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˸ĽԽԽǿǽӵ֮ӣ˳Ҳӵ͡
ǽŸոעҲϵȦ֮ڣһоͿʼ˳ҵ崫ȫȻ׹̵ãͼѹҵ
ǳոԽԽǿƬ̵Ĺ˫ȷѾվվˣͨһ͹˵ϡ
ҵûţѾƴȫ𣬼ȦѾѲĥͨ죬ҵȴɽקϣƴק
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ҽҧƺЩʹ࣬ҶסϽȰ˵ιòҪҳԣ׹̵ɲô׾͡
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קʱĥúѪĲӣͻȻԵİдһŭ𣬰ʹĺǡžһ죬ϵѾҲ֮Ӧϡ
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ǰʲôƨѹסǵѹסֵܼ͵ʶⶫеǣ
˵һŭ˫߬ס۾͵һһûϣһɸҫ۵Ľ˳
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һѾһ̳һŭ𣺡Ҳ٣ʲôأ졭
룬仰˵һǡȥˡϧָû˵أͼѾ仯Ϊ֧ģĺ˫ڵһ㣬ᡱһѾգۼĹܵʮ⣬ּ̧һצһסĲӡ
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˵껰Һͺȿֺǰ壬Ȼճȥ벽ͱӺקס
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Լȥקͺˣ
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ԼСģǽη
˵һ˫ۣһ˫׹һֱϾٿҲѾһǰȥ̸Цӱ۾ʹ򣬽ָյǰͷһֻʬĶͷϣһŵѾˢһǽʬԴըһѪ
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ιÿһҪȻĻɾͱʬԵ
ҺٺһЦ˵ŻأоɨһֻʬѾӼֻɸµĶ˳צҡ


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һ䣬ԭǺģ֪һȴ⵽ηҵļۣɵӵŭɶ˼ƣǣɹǲɽеģǲǲ
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Ұ˰֣ȻҲͨԼʵ׹̵֮ӳ졣
ҶҪҰֻͷս˹ȥǽ֮ĽʬǹͣϾʵһ㣬˵ǶԸͺˣԴɸµİٹҲǱˣתȫûмܵ
Щʬǿ㱻צ˺⾹ڵУܱܲЩһֱȥɡ
뵽ҸϽź˺һʾȫ˻ôɸԼ°ٹҲϽҵط̧ƶ׼ȾͷţͿʼ
һҪŵøϽˣ硢ҲϽҵ
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ԼԭŲ˵İѾѪۣһ߾ʬ˵صڵϣѪ˿֮һƬѾذȾ죬龰Ҳ̶ãֱһƬ
һΣҶɵסȵһô׹̵ˣǣﲻ׹̵ܲ𣿲Բԡѽô£
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ֵǣЩʬȴ֪ΪηֳˡɡʬͽʬɱЩ˼ˡ
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ûа׻ң
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׹֮̽󣬺ûսڼֻı¾ͳ˹ϻŸոձȵû찵ص׹̽ڡ
вٶǸϽú׹̽ӵǽǣһˤСӾȻ˹۵һٶɺĶһǽڲһצӾͲļǽ۵һҽУһܶܲˡ
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Ұֹ˵ֻ꣬üͷ˼ԣ¥׹ûйϵĻΪʲôҪһֱð׹̵ţ׹Ϊħ粻ݣʲôôأ˵ˣ˵¥׹ûйϵΪʲô¥ηʹ׹̵ס
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ǡǸոըҩը¥Ĵſڣȴ⵽¥ԱƴԼʹ߶ſڸֻһСڽнʬڻɱ˽
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ǽڻһڣɫ˲䣬ݺݵһ֮վҪſڵķ壬ҸϽסΪԼġɱ֮𡱶嶯ʲô޷ͷ
ʱס֮׹̽ڻ֪ЩʲôҲûеõʲôõϢϾҲֻǸССıѣټƽʱ¾˼ܣȻøµС֪̫ϸ
׹̽ƺѾ޻˵ˣҲûһצӾץĺ⵹Ạֻ̊́ΪЩ׹̽ݣʴǸԼ»
紦׹̽ʱվųĴһɨսƺѾҪβˣ¥Լ׹̵֮ǰܾˣټϴɸ°ٹͻȻϮĶܿסɸҲѾɫɫĦг˳ʼĴ֮дȥˣ¥һʱַǷ
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ģҲġ
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װ绹֮ǰһȻ·Χȹ棬Ѫ߰ߣȻ˵òᡭ
ѽϱզ
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ȻۿѾʪˣȻƺ飬ҧؾʹѪ֮վһȻҪֹԼ˦־һͣ˵ϡ
ĺңҸţ
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ǣ쵰ҪƱ磿ĺ£ǻ˭


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źҧֱ͸Ҫһŵòɵػһ£ҪٽͣһһȴͻȻӶһ˳
ҵĻ棬ֻһҽ𣬾ȻǱԭﵹ˳ɢһĺ
ƺǲ㺮ԭŲڱһˣȻصˤ˵ϡ
ٿ׷űԭδ˳һڰתת֮ͻȻ棬ءһһըͬʱоȻ߳һݵӰ
ϸһǸǻˣͷüëѾΧȻƤȴûֳһ˿һ
Ǽ׹̵ˮ硰֮֡еĻ֡ߡ
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߲Ÿոմӻ֮н߳ȼյһͿʼһӱдǿҡǷԽԽǿԽԽңӵĹ򣬴ﾹȻַɳһӰᡱһ˻ߵıԭǸںڳӣȴиǿ֡
ǿ硣
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ʱһЦͻȻ֮дЦ쳣թ󣬾ͼһѾſ߽˴֮У׹̺ɫ۵Ľ

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뵽⡱һɸûȷӦǳڷִ֮һŭ𣬰ŭŴҽлɳ衭
żӴ˴ڵɳǻɳǿܿӻɳ֮оֻûһӰҲ֪Ůɡ
ŮɣҲΪŰ
һŮɴӻɳ̲֮߳סһŮɵȴӮһĮŭȫκһ˿鶯ı
ۿʬסһ㣬Ҳɵسһֺۣ㵽׶ʲô
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˵꣬ͼƽŮͻȻһŭȻӿ첽˹׼ȷ˵ǳǰԶ˹
ʱָһŭ𣺡ƾһȺں֮ڣҲҴ׹̵ҡײƭ˵ֻǵģ˭


850 
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ᣬСȻҲһһһϮɫ۵°ڣȾһ硣
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851 
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ҿͷź͵Ϯأһ׹̽ͽ׼ʱһž˹ȥ׹̽߷ڵصͬʱҲѾǰһôļǰܡ
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˵еĳ˫ᡢľģҸЩʶɻûʲôطһЦѾ˳űƿ컨崫
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ʱȺνħֵûɶţΪѧղ˽ȥΨһˣȷʵϵĸ֣ϣ١
ǵһǸħʦˢӣиһֻĹΪֽƽʱ͸ֻ󹫼һǱų֮ȴܱ仯һֻ޴ǿֲҲǰֻ
ϣΪѰҽǵټǳԾ˿ͷҼǵƺѾԼķɡŢ֮˲ŶԣôֻͻȻ֣ѵϣ٣һϻ˵úܱ׼ˣ
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ٺ٣˵ɾͻˣǵİأҪȻĻҲʵ
ϣһЦֽ˵ʱұԼħɣԭΪض·һˣû뵽ӦйǾϻ޾֮·ҵħȻܽرɵɵȴᱻʶתƵĵطĪĵطǸˣϢû뵽ҵôãڱת֮󣬾Ȼ䱻׹̵֣ұ֮ǰҴ˳ø׹̡
ϣ˵ʱüͷ˵ȷʵ٣νħȷֽĪתߵĹЧΪʱѾˣҲΪתƵԶĵطٳˡ
ϣΪʲô׹̣˵ҲˣȻΪͬĿġ
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Сӣ㰡㣬ôᱻأ
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˹ֻ֣һϣٵĿк˹ʱһŭǺ﷢š
ֻϣָҷŭغ˹ȥɱҪ쵰
ϣָһ£˹ʱۣȻ廹컨棬ͷѾʼƴǰ죬Ҫҧҡ
⼦˹һΣȻ֪Ŀֲ֮һǾʼŵҸϽ󳷣źͱԭǱŻˣӴʱŵþ
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һŵǰӴܣһ߾еⲻܰҼǵõѾ⼦ˣյֻʣһСͷӣϵ749ʰˡôͻȻĸˣ
ҲѹһᾪУ˵ȷʵ֣˵ϣٸãû͸ͱ׹̸ڳˣ⼦˹ӦȫûиĿ԰ʱΪ̫ͼĹϵԼĻյǽһңҺС㱻ڷ壬Ѿȫݻˣʱ˿ôֺö˶˵վǰΪԼϣЧأ̫˼ˡ
һһӴܣխݲ¾Īȫжв쳣ĻΪȡߵʱ䡭
Ȼʱ߲ӴܵĶͻȻһɨһ֮󾪺˵ˣǱ749ʰģ
ûǧȷҼᶨػش
ӦҲŮ洼ƻĳԱ֮һ
ŮŮ洼ƻ
һ£ϽʣŮ洼ƻʲôôû˵
յ߻ܣ׼ȷ˵׹̵ġ
ҡҡͷ˵ʲô
ˣûУ
졭ˣ
⻰ʵ͵һ𣬲ɵؾҪӣ
ȥģ᲻
⻰ѱԭֱۣʶ˰ˣѾͷһֱ˹˹ĵģһǵһ໰
ԭĹĵ˵Щϵ׹̵ڲսҶøй¶һһģΪ˱⣬ҵԸ
ĥĥвУ˵˵
һƴ׷Ķ˼˹죬Ȼԭ͸ȫûʶµΣһȻǽüͷµġ
ǰһԭڿ˵֪֪׹Ϊʲôռɽ
붼ûͻشȻΪռȻ̽ܣѾǸˡ
ȷʵһԭ򣬵ǲȫǵĿʵǡ
ûȱԭѻ˵꣬仰ȴѾһҽȡ
ͬһʱ䣬ͼԭͻȻһգۼĹѱʲô˺ȥ֮Һͣ²Ͻͷһ˲ʧɫ
Ȼһֱں׷ľ˹ͻȻһڵס˱ԭһȡ
˹еļϸܣһſֱȶӻҪһһżô̴˱ԭСȣ˲Ͱѱԭ˻ȥ
ԭ
һԭ˹ߣŵˣû˵ܣȥˣҵȻȥϾҵǱİȫʱ˿ôͦգһѾקסҪš
קҸʲôſңҪȥȱԭ
侲Ҹ֣öԸ
ٲöԸҲܼȣ
ŶݺݵһۣԾȦѾ
СӣԼĺѼȵĻ;ץҲš
⻰ڣȻ˵һ󼤶û֮ǰŸոҫشǼֵܣˣ˭뵽Ŷ̶̼Сʱʱ䣬оȻ˵ֻ
΢һ㶵ĹȻҵƣתͳҫľ˹ȥٿԭ廹ھһΣݶѪܣѪζһǱÿ񱩲ſѪڻζԴƺҪϵıԭεȥ
ڱԭû۵ʧȥ֪һ֮¼
Ѿܲس˾˹һ˵ȻҲȻ֪¥׹̵˭ţһʱҲѾ˲ôˣһҧһš
ȵȣ
˵ߵļһ㳯ҡͷԵľȥ׷ţһѽƵڵصͬʱһͳǾͷȥһչȾͷȡ
ɻûȶеİȣͼ˹ĿҲѾɨ˹ٶſѪڣڵĺһȼյĻ̿ʼۼ͡
ۼ˾⡱һ˵ؿˣҪ𡭡
ǿеĻ֮ǰҿ̹ʱûж̫ͼԼʬæֵĻͱ쵰ճɻҽˣխҺﻹʲô·ðȵסĻ棬ԭɡ
ԭııԼ
鼱֮һŭ֪ԭȴʹؿ޺Уңʹ
ͼͷźȻʧܣеĻѾԽԽƺʱضܴӿ
ʱһòʮ߰ꡢһϮ׹̳۵ŮȴͻȻӾײƵ컨һԾ£ʱһ̧֣ѰסǾһݡ


853 Ů
ŮνСһĸͷһһȴȫ˿һһʽɾ
ϸݵֱǾ΢΢һţһ㡰ᡱһ¾Ǿſ
֮еܻҪٿŮ𽥱ƽȴȫûбֳκεľʧͬʱѾֿʼӡӡأҪȵɽ֮е־ӡӵĸӣָİڶҲԵøӵĹŹ֡
ֻƬ֮Ĺָ任߸֮һźڹʱָ֮䡰ৡһֻ֣Ůһ֣Ǻڹ⾹˳ϸݵĸ첲ʼƮɢܿǰǾĿлһͬɫһĹȦȦɢգۼͽ֮еĻԼָҲʱھ͵ĻѰǾһŭءһײǺɫĹâ֮ϡ
Ҳ˹ˣһźڹ⣬ȻͬεĲƷһסǾлһʱͼһ֮һ󷭷ŰȻȴ岻Ƶǰĺɫâ
ٿŮھ治ɫųĺڹɹеһסϽ˫߬סԭ̴ȣ̧ۼĿɨ˵ǰԶȽеţеţ
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Ůд⻰ŲûбֳκεľʧŮһڣּ̧ͳ˦ֱۡ
˦ֵͬʱͼѾ˳ӳֱֱسеŮϷ˹ȥ
ٿŮ㶼㣬ڳһֻֿʼֽӡڹٶȽֵͬʱ˦صӰҲѾҪײϡ
ͼŮͻȻ̧֣ͽ־ͳ⵲˹ȥʱҵһ
һǽѾʶһˣǧеĴ칷ն˺ЩŮСϸ۾ȻͽҪȥôĵ⣬ѵҪ˲ɣ
˭뵽ۿҪնŮϸ۵СֶʱŮͻȻһץһڹİ֮£Ȼͽֽ
ʱ⡱һ˵ôأֻһõĹ⡢˵һӰӶѣԭεģôܱץ
ȻŮȷȷʵʵǽնץסץסץⰴ˾ѹĲλһһʱৡһնŮȴŮãգ۵ĹͽǾļӸնϡ
һϣݴ̴ϵıԭˤ棬ҸϽǰͳһѾͽ˻űԭʱ̧ͷһŮȴû֮гת˾ĺھŻ滹ƴطȼţƾǻھкֱײȴײƶŮǰǲڹϡ
ٿŮѾ̧˫ֻ֣ǰĺڹһƣڹû赲Ż濪ʼǾĺƶͳ岻ĻһڹϼѹһʱƸ͵ŰΪԼɤ۱סƺҲøܣʼƴŰŤԴȴѾжвˣΪɤѾȫŴӶĻס
ۿſھеĺڹҪµɤǾѪҲʼպϣͼŮͻȻתʹӼպϵľһԾ˸մܳڣѪھ͡ءһպϣžͼƤ㿪ʼ𽥷죬ƺǱںĻ޷³ѾʼǾѪƤ㡭
ûãһŻ濪ʼǾƬ֮ǿмѹʼ졢ȼǾǻӣǺ󱳡
ʱŮѾڵϣȴû˵һ仰ֻרעضǴ컨ϵľƴ˻𣬶Ӻ׷׹̽ԼϣĶҽӽȫھĺһƿԡ
ͻȻءһһŻ˲˾ĺڣһһ˲䣬ַһۼ潫ĲӺͷ󲿷ֶ˻֮С
㣬㵽׶ʲô
ҾŲѣɵس治Ů˹ȥʵУ㵽ʲôˣ
ҵʻŮĵתͷһ˫۾͸һĻ飬üͷûзЦ΢΢ȴͬЦһһɰ˵á
Ůʱһ쳣ϤиУϸһ⿴ʮ߰ˡʮ˾꣬δѵŮپ˵ϤСмơ
㡭㵽ǡ
ŮûпڣѾ̲סٶȾʣ㵽ʲôˣ
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Ůûлش𣬵һѴǰ֮дҵĿ̱ոյľȥתһһһϮ˹
űըˣ˴ģһ󼤵ǿ磬һע⣬ߵСŮ֮⣬ǶǹǿķƵ󵹷˳ȥٿǾѾɣո죬ԴͻȻըĶӡ
һը۵ƴȫ;ʴɣûõĹǾѿʼɻɢУսѪҸǿʼž˳µ
ۼϣŵѾɫ԰˵ˣڶδܱըŮ۵ؾŷŭ
㣬ġʲôҵġҵİ˹ҡ


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һŭϣͻȻ䵥ϥأ˳͵һĵ棬ͬһʱ䣬ǿһ֮УŮµˮ̻Ϊһ̯Ţ쿪
ʽЩҪ˰ǵôǡ
ɸûŮϽ뿪ͼһźڹѾȻŮĽŵɢһΡɢӰһ㣬ܿ׷Ţɢٶȣһ¾ͽŢס
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⵽ʲôֵʽֱ̫ˣں濴ţҶѾȵĿࡣ
Ȼֵ鷢ˣŮͻȻ̧֣ץһŵĺڹͳϣڵλ˹ȥϰյĺڹָһᡱһ¾ӥһֱӳϣ˹ȥ
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Ҿ˵ԲмһЦ˵֪һڵ׹̼̳˰ɣ
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˵ʱĻ⣬ŮѾתոջڻİȼյľѱյֻʣһɿݵĹǼܣڷ׷ðŻǡ
ˣȻֶʵ顭
˵ŮͻȻһ̧֣ǾһĹͷӹǼϵԭõŮУȻŮ̯ʱһڹѴǴӳȥһɫֱһ㣬ಡһ¾ڿץסǸĹͷһڹʧʱͷѾŮ
ûǡŮ洼ƻʵƷ֮һ
ǽΪɻҵǣŮ΢΢ü˵Ů洼ƻ뵽УһֱڶȶȫˣȻôµʵƷ
Ů˵ʱҲɨһۣͼǹͷѣлΪһŽڵӣŮᴵһһ£ɫӷ׷ɣŮеģȴֻʣһѻɫķĩ
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꣬ͼŮͷҲ̧سˡ
⻰ԭ֮ǰҲᵽȻΪˣôˣûȱԭϸ˵ѾǾһڵȥ
ʱͼŮ̧ͷɨһ֮󣬳˵ʦǧ׹һֱڵ֮азչҴδǧǰǶοհʷĵ飬ˣ޹켣еǰɥɽǵֵõģΪǵĲиŬԼǧĲϵ飬Щ׹̽ڳΪǶʷˡ
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Ů˵ʱͻȻһǼ׹̽Ѿ׷
ҲǼŮϴ׹̵ĽۣԲûжᣬûŮһ£ܹҪץǡ
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ǽһҽУŷӦǻعͷûȿ׷ʲôأӰַǣһ׹̽ѾȫŻѪĲӡ۾˵ϣӰŹԹԵֻصŮĽ£ԭģ
ӰӣܼԦӰӡ
֮ǰΪŮȽԶҲһֱûп壬һ׹԰ϸ룬ÿŮӡʩʱ򣬵ϵӰƺб仯ŮȻܹԼӰӲμս̫ˡ
ʱŮѾٶȿڣýһоʬ֮Խһʬƽʬڹɽ֮УһһģڰŮ洼ƻСûϧԡ׹̱¶ǰΪħСΪȥϮ507Ĺɽ»أռɽΪʲô
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˵ŮͷɨһǾ˹ѾսʬǣǺ֮£һŻɳ˳սѵĹͷʡ
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⻰˵øпˣȻŸһڣѾ۳ûͣһŰŵϾһҲҷֻܱԴҽĵϱϱҽͰҲ˵㣬˵Լˣ
ȥүģǧһӶһУϸƨ˾ȻҲϣΨʮұƵ̫ţӵ˵ң
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⣬ôأδѵ˵СҵţôСأС㲻
Ŀ˵ŮЦЦ˵ˣҿɲʲô׹̵ǰνΪ׹Уԭûʲôһ˵νġһƺǿӸǵĶѣ׹д޽ֻһеľȨеԹֻһƺ˾ң׹̵Ĵ˾Ҳ׹һȨ˾
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̾˿̧ͷɨСһۣ˵ҲѾΪʵƷԲԣ
ʻһСвֳһ˿壬ĬĬ˵ͷ
Ů洼ƻľѵ
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ңҲ̫ǵĻ
ԱԥʵʲôŮ洼ƻʲôϵ
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һۣҴҵ˵㣬Ůˣ
ŮˣѽҼǵ˵ʱҲڣŮ࣬Ȼ󡭡
˵һ룬⡱һȻһ
ŮõɽľĻľֲɽߣڸϵĻڱԵ±תƵڡŮһ졭ˡ
С㶼˰ɣ
Сһ̾Ϣ˵νġŮ洼ƻŮ˵ķ´ࡢȥ¸ŮΪϹŴ֮棬̫ͬڴ˵е񾳣Ϊ֮档ַ֮Ǿ桮ŮǣΪ˾֮ȥδӣ룬ӦñҸӵɡ
ҵ˵ͷûлش
ҵȻΪǶʷѾ˽ˡ
껹ǸСʿĵŵɽԵɺ֮´ߣɴĹݱΪ֮ˣǲϧõԼѪ⡢ΪѪӶõ½òð
֪ŵһά˼䣬Ϊ˲ϧԼĳŵ˶ԼС֮ľݱȣʦԴնħά˼䣬ڴĹҲͽʦʹõĵ
˵ڵŵ꽫ɽ֮ǰ˼ѾʹνġˣЩɷԴϹǵĳЩڣ˼Ĳ̫࣬ˣЩɷ֮ˣԹžͱǴΪһ㡣
Ĭһ֮ٶȳСʵǣȻǾˣҲվǸͨ˶ѣֲŮ洣ôЧŮأ
Ҹող˵ˣŮ洱ǹ߸ϵ񣬹಻ͬͨ˵Ȼ޷סѧйĸɣˣҲͬϰ׹̽ҲǹŮˣҲϰҲǹȴͬ˵֮ԷΪ֣Աֵģ޷ϰŮ֮Ů޷ϰ֮ŮΪԶ棬ʹõļǹҲ˵Ů˵ܺͷʵͲڹ֮С
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˵ʱС㴹ͼȱ仯ӡı仯ͼ̲ӰҲʽľٶŻȻԭӰӲԼжһֻεǣŵĿһܵСĲٿذڲ
ɲò˵СһȷʵֻӰֵ̽ĵطǵıС㱳û۾ô۲쵽̵һһأ
ûףӭ˾Ȼ̧˫ֱֻֻۣһһ˲䣬ͼеӺķֽѾͬһ֧֧㳯ҺСƷ绮üֱһȻɫ⡭
ԷѾ֣ҲҺæѾеİȣ͵һȾͳǰ˹ȥ
һʱ𣬷ʮẔֽ̇ײ·ɣᣬҸϽһڵϣһһƬɫƳǡϡﻩ﷭
ԭΪһЩƳٶȣҲΪǶȡһЩԸǧֵ˾ҵʱ䡣
֪һƣһֻֻڿնĹƳͻȻŷſ˳ͬһֻֻ޴ĺưһ㣬Ƿײ˹
ѽѽЩѽ
ЩƳ澹ȻгǳɵۣۿһֻֻƳֻܸϽŲ·˦˼ӣȻһ򣬸ոձһȵ·ɵĻҲǿ翪ʼ𽥱ƽ
Сӣ뺦ǲǣ
ƲһʱСҲɫúݺҺ͵һ£ֵۺŸոոͲھȥռҵŮǲǣ
С㣿
һˣһԼŮҸæһ߻һʵˣСĶΪʲôûС㣿
ŮĶʲô£ϽҺúӦǰ£
Сֵһۣ˵ͼ˫ֽӡӡһɣԶھ̵ǺӰ̡ಡһŵ泯˹
ۿźӰҪصԼʱСͻȻָֽ棬ָһڵϵӰӾȻֱ㶵ر
ۿ˾ҼĻǵصطС˫ָֽסǺӰ˫һһεĺӰ̳ܱɢȻһɫĲһȶ
ҶԸ˾ңЩӽ㡭
С˵ʱҸϽȼȣ˳ƾͽɳȵҷ
ҸϽСʵιﲻԸЩĵĳӣӰô
³Ӳ𣿰ѽ
˵꣬СͻȻһУԭһֻ©ĹƳѾϣһֳ䵽ϣСŵˣ˫иŵøϽһУѽ
ΣͷҲ˲ˣû˵̧־ʹ򣬡žһͳȥǳȻһĵϡ飬СҲˡ
˼ҵһμĸﶼǴһĵǺãһμĸȸһ͡
СݺݵһֺֺۣЦ
ǾȻôͻСġСŮˣЦǾȻĳˡĸ֣ѵ˵ҺС顭Ѿ֪ˣ
ʱҿûЩòŵˣϽּбȣһҲѾ˳˳յЩĺڳ桰žʬ޴棬ϸֱһȺڳٸһȺѪɫө桰ȺŹƵġ
վֻһʱ֮٣ƳȻºָ޷䳹𡭡
뵽Ұ۵֮УһƵС
ȻʱͻȻһͻȻݳһҺСһΣ̾˳Ŷˤ˽ȥ


862 һ
ǶһƬڣյȥûҺС㷴ӦأһԴĶ̱ʲôסòеĶһʱһƬ֮С
ʱͻȻһϤѽѽڸǶļʱû¶ɣ

һʣʱһɫĻͻȻӿл𣬽
һɫһ֣͵һ̧ͷȻסոݵĶڵģһѹӵɡ
СС㡭
Ծ۾ѾʪʱȴһԱߴ裬û°ɣ
û£ǸļʱȻСӾͳŲסˡ
ѭȥͼһϮ۵С߬Լ֣еѯ
С㡭С㡭
Сһ˲䣬ĳȣûСشȻ˹ȥһܱͰСס˵ϣͿС
ȶ̵ģѽҹ
СŵþһɡɿһʱһžֻƳѾ˳ɡ˽
ʱ֣Ĺȥҧ޾ޣȻֱӰЩƳˣһĨٺЦͦóԣǶܵĿûٳԣôôĵǵһγԵ
СǿûұСͿУСƴǡСĸСҲûţһֻСɡһֻ־ƴקңһקһСſŮﻹԱأ͸Ҷֶŵģ
ĸŮһһקûһͰƷڵأСúһĨ죬ݺݸ˵ҧͷˣ
⻰Сžԣһ£ˡ
ٿһԵС㣬ֻ̲סһЦ˰˵˺ˣȱˣҪأ
裡˭˭ˣ۸ŮҲܹܣ
Ķˣܵ𣿡
С˵ɨһ̸ۣЦ䣬ͻȻ־ͺݺݳһ⣬ûҷӦأһһǻոһ£æ¶Ƚȥٺú̸̸¡
ʡ񡭡
һ£Сûң̧ͷɨһǱԪɡסĶֳ֮ߺСʵôô͹ˣǱߵô
裬һжļƻúˣֲĳҲʾԸΪ˾ѾȻŷֲڸϹ֧Ԯ߳ʲô£ǰϻˡ
С㣬㡭ǡ
ʲôǣ
Ŀ࣬Сɨһ˵ȶ̵ģ׹ҵҲҵʹģ︮Ҳã׹ҲգСԶС㣬ҵ⡭䡭
˵СͻȻ΢΢һ죬ҵˣǶұһԼѣʲôģ
ȻʱͻȻԪɡסĶϷȱڴءһը죬Ȼ˾ѶԱסĶչҹԪɡϹҲûô𻵣ﶼףһֱȥҲǰ취ȽڳĶѨߣָôأ
ʱСĸŮƴɡסڣһһĻը죬һ󡰻ɡϴ˷Ҳ֪϶ȺƳ뷽跨һ˳ɡɡʱÿϾͻᱻͬĹƳǣһˡ
һʱ䣬Ҷû⣬ĬƬ̲֮סڣҪߡ
˵ŻѿʼԼֱֽ˵ϺһǰɡÿҳûһƼ׾ըȥҾͲըЩӡ
вͨ
һ˵꣬С̷ЩƳɱö࣬޿ײ룬ɲô׾ɱġ
һоо
δĸǰҵȻװһһ˵֮ǿߣһסЩӡ
ǹ̺ǧֵ˾أ
Сٶȿڣ˵ɣһ㵲סӲЩ˲ͻὫû
ǡô֣ܴܲһֱȥɣ
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ҪҪԣ
һҶѭȥȴ˵ľȻǡ
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ôСŲң
Ųֻǡ
һĬ仰ֱ˻ȥû˵
ֻЩԾϾһ·ں治ԸͷһȴԸӧһôΣյĹɾЩˡ
ʱ˵˾Ҹոհźͱԭ˰ȫĵطСϵǣһǵһסЩƳ棬´Ҷ߲ˣǶԲЩƳֻһҲûʲôãϺĹͽҰɡ
ǡ
ѽıǵǵˣǶһԼȳ׷ôˣ
¶ǵĿ⣬ηغٺһЦ˵ǾͷȥɣֻӶѻѲңС㣬ɡɵýá
˵Ӿͳɡ߬˹ȥԪɡħޣ˻Ԫɡ첻ʲô˺
ˣǿߣǶǷġ
㡭
ǿߣʲô
ƽԴǼᶨһʱҲֻܰİ취ˡ
ӹԪɡҺСĸŮ˳ڳĶ뿪ɸ߳ûڱеֵܣǶҡ¶𣿡


863 Է
Уĸɿ飡
һͷݺݵһۣСӼ࣬ǧ˶ˣԸһӻܳʲô¶ʲôͷԼ죬Ӳܣ
ٺ٣˵С˵ʲô۰û˵ҷɣ
ȻϴЦ˫üȴδɳֳ赭д˵ֵܣֻ㴫ѣ硭ٺ١˵磬ǶҪСӣ鷳Ҹ±źӳָһ仰
ʲôҲ鲻ԸʵµȻҲܼĸȥˡ
ҷֱת±šҰǡסֱ˵
Сӡء
Уת֡
̾˿˵ת֡֡

ˣߣߣ
û˵ͻȻһŭ𣬰ŭȻ͵һ½סڵĻԪɡպϡ
ɡպϵһ˲ֻһͬɫһ㣬ڶĹƳѾϡﻩسȥ
ߣǿ߰
δкµĹƳ֮ѣһ˦ӾͽԪɡǵķ˹
һԪɡСϽֽ̧סɡһ£㣡
УС߬еĻԪɡ볯ȥҲʾȥֻ֪һŭٶȴǶҵģȥ£ߣ߰
˺ѷεŭУСͻȻ֣ҺСͬʱקס̧һ˲䡰⡱һٸн
ͼǴͷк¹ƳȻȫʼͣ˺ҧ塭
ҲʾͻȻҧһŭŭ𣬾ͼİɫëѾɵس˿һʱĹƳ̱İëڸסë֮С
ߣǲùңǶǡϹޣƤЩҧҵġ
ٶȳУг˷ŭǱƳ˺ҧʱʹ˻
һҸһ˺ѷΣ߬ȭͷȻðһͼȥȴȫСӺݺקס
СӣڹȥֻͰﲻæߡ߰
У費ֵܶܲܣԼֵܶȲˣ軹ܸɵʲô
ƴƴ˻ȻСȴקҲſľ
Сߣߣҳŵסҳš
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ûҷӦӰӾѡᡱһ¸ҵĺϣӰŵһ˲䣬Ҿ;֫ͻȻͱľת֮ĹѾ֪ȫʧȥ˿һ
ȻԼѸо֫ĴڣȻȴʼԹԵظСĸŮʼڳĶˣȫܿơ
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СһŭקҺС־Ѩꡣ
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֮Ŀȴһʱ䳯ߵķ˹ֽ̧ӡ֮䣬ĹƳͿʼ˳䣬ƺҪ׷ɱһ㡭
ʱֻһŭͻȻ͵һˣһС̸㽫ľ̵İ̴Ӻݺһ§ס
̴ŭƴȴֻ֮˫ʮָӡո׷ǵĹƳֵת˹
ǧֵ˾ҵĻһŽһŵըıϣϣĹƳǶƴ˺ҧ壬۵ҧѪˣ캰ֻۣЩƳôҧ޷ҧƤë֮ƺѿʼٵ·ʼͼ۾ǿ׺꣬ƴ˿иǿס
ң˫ȭϾѵ֣ολ𼶱ĸ֮⣬һȺƳ
ûõĹһȺƳĲ˺ҧ֮£ѳû˳ͳһкܵСϵĹƳϲɢһʱɫԵó
ٿЩƳ棬ȴƴȥһһؽ׸ǡ

Ҳסŭ𣬵Ȼ޷סԼĽŲɤҲʲôĪĶסһˡ
ɾʱķŭȴִұ
ǵģǶ顭̣ú
˵䣬ͼƳͻȻ佫һ˫ؿڵǴľë֮Уͳһ
ụֱ̂ӽǴţһЦȻֽոͳĴؿڵİë֮С
ҴЩóǲǣãǣ
ٶŭ𣬰źһһŻȻؿڵĺë֮󣬽ļͶӰס


864 һ
һȼյЩںĹƳ淢һ֨֨زҽȻѾˣգۼĹǻѾȫסֱͬһһ㡭
һȻȼԼʬٵЩƳ棬ʱ¶ŭյؾҪˣʱȴڲͣϼ˾ȴͻȻһŭ𣺡ץסǼˣ
ŭУ˾Ȼ֣һͳ뿪Ķ׷˹ƺҲӳ˹ҧݺݵһ֮תҪ˾׷ǡ
ȻʱͻȻһһԾ޴ͻȻıŷɽѪԼܵһͬһس˾Һ͹׷ȥ
һ˾ҺͰ̸ϽͣסŲͷȥɸôһͷȻֻ޴ĳֱסֳȥ
ǡһܡ
Ŀ⣬ǰδе׺쳣ͷͻȻƺʲôӲĶͼͷϹƵġ
εΣѾˣͻȻ䣬Ź̺ǧֵ˾һû׷СĸŮקҾͿ첽˺ںĶ֮С
Сּȼɫű˻ҽɫҲÿȴҧû˵һ仰
ңȻ廹СӰţ컹ܶģһ·ϲ֣ͣŭΪʲôܡ
СĸŮңСƵƵͷۿĶƺȷλסԼЩƳ涼û׷֮һڣݺݵһ˵ģѵ˵ֻʲôνֵ壿
Ȼأֵ嶼ûУʲôˣŭ
ǣ㵹˵ôԲѣ֪֪иҪȥﱻס棬ܾиɥ԰ټƣǧơ
һ⻰ﲻɵһ£̧ɨС㣬ͼ鼤ɵʵ⻰ʲô˼ӾǷϲһԼֵܶľȲˣһܾ˭
ȶ̵ģε֮еĻҪӡ
ۿҺԼĸ׾ҪˣСֻһקǰߣһ߽˵һֱ¥ܻ֪ΣĿɲֻǶѣ

Ұַˡ
С̾˿ȴûм˵ȥΪĸ׵Сӹ˻˵֮ǰ˵Ϊ˶ԸǣֲĽʬϣѾΧס
˵һشȷʵ˵ôأЩʬ⣬ۿžˣܲã
ȶ̵ģˣϰִĽʬһĽʬ
Сٶȿڣ֮ǰҲȷҴܱ߼ֲ֮ǰòѼ鱨֤ʵһ㣬ϰֽɽʵ鳡ЩμˡŮ洼ƻĽʬ˳
Ů洼ƻŮ洼ƻ
ĸ֣ҲɵشһС˵ͷֽ˵Ů洼ƻ飬Ҳ踴֮Ҳŵ֪ģ֮ǰ㣬ҸȻľϵĻޣϰֻ޷˵ؽһ󲿷Ͷ뵽׹̽ʬ֮УǻԭΪ˵к֮ã뽩ʬѪټ׹̵Ĵ֮ʬͨٲ⡭
㡭˼˵ЩʬҲճ
Ȼϣȷʵġ
С̾˿ֽüͷ˵ԭΪҺļƻ޷죬Խ׹̵ʵȨ¶û뵽ûȶ׹̴ȨȴȱϰָƽȦȦףҸһ˫Ȧס
һ˫˼ǡ
ʵ顭
Сش˵֮ǰΪһʬΪǴ˵Сǡ飬û뵽̫ˣЩʬų켺ҡЩˡŮ洼ƻʵ齩ʬܺʵ㲻ҵĻһȫ֮ԼȥѾΪϰֵʵ鳡
С˵Ѿƿԡ
˵һǻɡ
ɡһݡ
С廰˵֮սʱȻûиҸҲϸĹʱϣ˽⵱ʱһǲֹĻɵڶݣȵʱ֮սӵĲҡ
˵ûʱѾյϢ︮˺749ֵѾҪⳡƽ٣ƾ޲ĺ
ĺĺ˼ǡ

С˵ЩʬöԸµĸָöԸѶԸˣ˿ɲ˵ҪʰЩһ߸ֱЭ
һһ߸֣
Ȼǵĵϸһˡ
СЦһ˵ǧ鵤ļ̳ߣ߸ˡתָ֧飬ҪץȱǲɣΪҲżҪ̴ƣ벻ҵļƻûʵʩȱݺһ¡
һ˵һߴǼ˳Ŷǰ壬ܳȥûԶͼǰѾǶͷĹư
Ѿ쵽ڴǸϽӿ˲ʱС˵֮ľ񣬽һжҪҵİţƴֻŽᣬǲһ
˵䣬Сһ嵽˱ͨĶ·ֽӡͬʱһŶڴȥͬһʱ䣬ҺǺӰҲᡱһȥһȱػصԭôλãҵҲָ


865 ǽʬĽʬ
һָƣҸϽҲСĸŮӶ˳ȥһͬһżȵĴҲͬѪ߰ʬأǳֱҲ̶á
ʮսһţþĶǣΪȡʤƺ˶Ѿƴ
ܷ֮СĸŮɱս֣µĹѾЩ۵׹̽ڽ˵
СϽһ˵ĳʦʵźͱԭأ
Žͱԭ㣬ȥΧ֧Ԯֵˡ
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ǷֱȥӪɢֵܣ˫иȫһһΣҪ˶ϣһҪƴһ
˵껰ֳС˹ȥʵӣȥϵľȱҲӦõ˰ɣ
ʱˡ
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ǾͺãǱ·ȥˣԮս֮ǰΪ׹ܲ¥ܶܲһոֵ̻ᱻʿ
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˵껰С˦ԼŮ֣תͳһ֮п첽˹ȥ
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С㵣ǵسСǽýıӰһۣקҾߡ
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⻰ڣСͻȻζɨһۣ˵ףѾǸŮ֮ˣǵ׹սȶ̵ģһ㡭
С㻰û˵꣬ͻȻ䡱һը촫ȶŶ£컨Ҳʼһҳ
һϽʵС㣬գղô£
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ȾͷչչתǣһҽѴǰ֮д̧ȥͼΡľºͷһȺҫؽʬΧٿϣѪ߲߰кأߵǽҲѾƣȻ¥ǽĽʬѾ˳
Щմ˰׻ҵʬҲ֪ЩʬȻѾΪɢص⡭
ٿ׹Щʬһ׹̺ۣҫצϵسűΧмձʦٶȣ֮ǰĽʬһֱֻֻʮĹһ㣬Ƶձʦ̲סðһ亹
˰ɣЩǡŮ洼ƻĲǲͨĽʬǿ졢ͣҲ⣬
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СֹҸϽʣʱͼСԼĺͳһŷϸһǷϵģɽĻ
СҲû˵ָּ̧һǷѾһֻΧʦĽʬϷ˹ȥһǽʬıϣ̡һըһ
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Ϊڹ䣬κ巢ʱãΪֽԼɰĵıħãڸħֵЧǿ࡭
ٿǱըĽʬȼһ棬ǻת˲֮ϨֻǽʬıһƬǳǳ˺ۡ
ôأǿǽʬСڵʵ˵˵ֽһڽʬϣǽʬٶҪյƤŶԣǻЧֱ͸ըͨʯͷûκε𡭡
˰ɣȻǽʬΪμˡŮ洼ƻԵʣѾûκʬҲ˵һħ䷨ѾûЧ
⻰ٶȾ㵣ʵɡǣʬûǻʲôʬ
ûѾ㲻ʲôˣֻһȺӵнʬĹ
С˵ʱͼոձһŻըĽʬĵسתûС㽫˵꣬ǹͻȻѿѪһŭ͵һͳǴ˹
Сһɫض˵һҪע⣬˵ѲǽʬɱʬĶԣ˵Ǳ޳ʬеȱ㣬ȴǿʬеƣǧҪСˡ
û䣬Сִ̧ӱԪɡӭ˵ǰĽʬͺݺһɡȥ
ɡžһǹͷϣȻʬԪɡĵطû֮ǰЩɡеħһðһҸʴħѾЩʬЧˡ
ɡǽʬͷϵͬʱСһɫɡ˳ɡ̽ǽʬĴӰûǽʬٶֻһŰѻΪȼǽʬС
ǽʬյˣСûһǰ׼ǽʬĿڴɡִ̣͡һɡ˲͹ᴩǽʬĿڣһŷɢɳ˲ǽʬĺĴһ˳
סŮ洼ƻעĻ


866 Ƴ
ŹŹֵĻɳӺǽʬͻȻԲ۾زҽһʱͼСеĻԪɡ˸һɫâһâɢǽʬһȼøӲûһĹʬڻİΧ֮֫鴤Ƶص˵ϡ
ľ֮ЩʬħܽƳǾͻٶΪһʬǵķ䷨Լ𵽸еˡ
ԭ
С˵һȻ̧ۿֻΧձʦԵĽʬѾҺСڱƽצس˹
С㣬Ҳԡ
ûС㶯֣ѾһȥۿžֻʬײʱҸæչа͵һӣһʱѪɫŰֻʬ̱ҡҰڷ˲
ٶֻͦʬûӦ߬ӾǵϡžһģȻӿ;߱еħԣֻʬϣǽʬֱ͸ȫʹûκεĸоһ㣬ֳˡ
һȷһ֮Ҹæһʹһֻʬ¶˹ȥ֮ûתתֵȣ׼ǽʬĺ͵һ¾ȥ
һʱ䣬ͼպϵİȾͬһѷذװݺݹᴩǽʬĺģ͡һ룬ǰִǽʬǰĿڹһƬɳѱĿ֮ײ˳׷ɵ춼ǡ
ɳһɳ̾ǽʬͻȻһ˻ٿķϵİȣһŨİǽʬѾʼ鴤޷ҷ𹥻ˡ
ɾʱһֻʬѾֳ˹ۿžצ˵ҵǰ
ۿǽʬԽԽҶû˵ƳǽʬĿȥİסǽʬĿڵһ˲䣬ûȽʬצ£һѾȴ֮ըءһ죬ʣ˲ᴩǽʬǻ
һѪײҷɣǻɳҲѻڷ׷ɵѪбը˳ҳûγһֻʬĵİȣ׼ǽʬſѪھ˹ȥ
ǽʬһ壬һѴӼţ˳ȼ˽ʬеʬͣת˲֮䣬ǽʬѱȫֻʣĹˡ
ֻͷһɨһֻʬȻҲѾȵħ˸Ӹһʱǰ̹ĸѡͨһڵϣȫһ߸ʬѾûκεΣԡ
û뵽ֻμˡŮ洼ƻĽʬʵƷô׾ͱҸʰˣбһͷСٺһЦ˵С㣬ҲѶԸû˵ôš
֪ƨֵȻô˵˶һõϰ𣿡
С˵ҲǣȻ򵥵ͽֻʬȻǰһʦȻѾҪ֧Ųסˡ
ͷһĽʬЩԼĽʬתȥԼߵʬС˳칷ӦٶȾˣյĺ֮ͯǱǿȻΣȻǿֵסһȺʬΧվα겻αҪɱЩʬɲһ׵顭
ֹۣܲСȻҲٵȥˣϽȥͰæǻų˰ΧȦΧ
ڻߣ
ۿŻʮֻʬδСϽ˵һȻȴתͷݺݵСһۣü΢һŭ𣺡ǲߣЩССĽʬӦˣô˾æ
˵Ż˦ԲԼС˳ͷ֣ŭǴձɵʦǴʦɵĵӣǣ
ưٲˣ
ͻȻС˳Աֱ֣ȻεһźȻѾ˷Ķ־һʱ䣬ͼͻȻԤ׵ضڵϣƼֱһֻԾܡ
ΣΪһ֮ЩĽʬʶʶǴձɵ
˵䣬ͼ˫ᡱһͳǲһȺʬ˹֮
絯ɰһ˲䣬Ҳ̧һץס˷һȣŷӰǵǰ
ս֮ʱɿ˷ٿȻءһͷײһֻʬϣһֻʬײֻʬֻײֻǸǽΧټһʩչͷ֮˵İҺСҲԵ˲١
ϾһֻڵҺС˵ӦԣЩʬȱһĽʬǿҲӲ˫ȭվѵ֣οʮֻʬһҺСסһ¡
ΣѸս⣬ͻȻͼһֻʬѴӺΣȫעӦǰֻʬθûзִӺΣա
ΣСİ
ΣҸϽһȻųڣǽʬѾ˵εһھҧĲӡ
ڻûҧסεĲӣһֻڹȴѴһܳһҧסǽʬĺΪνΧ
θϽͷһͼѾʽ֮ٻһȺڹС˳һ΢Цһ߳ҡڵ߹
ͬΪʦҵȻǿ
˵С˳ٺһЦɾʱһźںĶȴһļϡ
С˳ͷһɨǼֻɫĳļУҲû룬̧־뽫Ǽֻӵȥһ̧һֹˣĶĳӣ
ǹƳ棡
Сۼ⣬ûҿǳʲôѾȷ˲ԣȻС˳ͻȻһҽУϵСȻ͵һͷУ˽ȥ


867 ʱѵ
һֻӸС˳ļ⼸ֻҲѾʼ˽ȥ
С˳ʧɫϽƴץǳٳɻûȿأŲҽͼͻȻҲ鴤ſʼ°ĭҧͨһ͵ڵϿʼ˹
С˳쳣κͷʧɫȥ鿴
κͷæСҲϽЩʬۿκͷҪС˳ȥСͻȻһѾסǣеȥǹƳ桭
Ƴ棿ʲôƳ棿
һ㶣ɻûСͣͻȻ䣬컨ϴһɳɳɳ졭
һСǶ̲ס̧ͷſȥʱһŭȻӱǻɵʲôأܰ
һźǸæֻͷȥֻһģֲ˵ĶǷɿܹ
ǶӲߣϿͺ࣬Ȼȴûֽţֻֻӣǹһ˿ûҡ
·ҡҰڵĶԱϳⶫӦǸԣǲ˾Ͳ֪ˣȻ񣬵ǣܾǸЩ֣Ǹӷ׵İˣͷûһëվֱ
ֻͷҲֳüսĺۼһ߳ǿ񱼹һ־ܣܰЩƳס
ǡ
ۿҡҡλγܹҶʱһϸϸֺٸһëֱ͸һޡ
㡭㲻ɣ
ٶһͼǹﳯҺݺһۣϻǶĲ˭
ǶȻһһ˿ҴҡڵܹŵСθǸϽ۾ס
ޣåô·
С㾪ٿѾֵۺϻǶɶʱ򴩹·һëԼһѻչˣ
˵Ѿ嵽ԣһոջڵ°ĭС˳Ѿȫû˶Ͻһֺ죡ܣ
ô£ΪʲôйƳ棿Ҿ
ˣЩƳ̫ˣԭΪԼһѻѾйƳ涼ɵˣû뵽û뵽ЩƳķֳȻôǿͲѣʤǶ涥סˣŸϽܹǱš
ǰ̺˾أٶȾʡ
ˣ˵һܣ͵ɱȥˣҲ֪֮
ֲ֮ŸոճڣͻȻһǡɳɳɳԽԣ컨ϵһ϶ȻһƬںĳӳſ˲䣬ںĹƳйһһأգ۵ĹͽС˳ʬȫûС
군ˡܰ
ƲȾܣһС㡢κͷҲҺˣϽǰܣٿЩƳѽȶסصؾͳǵķ׷˹
ܣڻ
ƲҸϽͣסתʱ˳̧ƣءһ죬һľһŤų׷һȺƳײȥ
һ壬СĹƳ˲䱻ײ÷֧飬ĺҸֵɳüһת׷С˵Ĳ
һ̣
ۿѾ㴥ؿ񱼣Ҷû˵ıϴܣ˳ְСҲקһԵκͷһȻҲæҲܵĺϣϾҶովһսܳûϢһٺò
ѹˣֱ֣ȻҲҰֱӴӱǾǰ塣
ǰ壬СȻҲûţıתԱЩƳ׷ٶȣ˵ЩƳȻ֮ǰʱֶ֪˶ٱֱɱɱһͼѹѹһƬǲͣشȴԽԽ࣬Խ׷Խ
ŻûЩ׷ԵҸϽκͷ˵ˣ֮ǰû˵ǣΪʲôС˳һҼǵӦúͱһڼﻹûѽУľأ
һʣθϽҡҡͷ˵ľҲ֪Ѿηܳˣ֮ǰ˸ոչ¥ʱǻغϹһΣӦľ¡˻Ϊѡսٺʹɢˡ
Ҳ˵ڶδ
⻰һѹ֣ʱˣ¥ΣأȻҲ˲ˡ
ʱͻȻһˡһǸϽǰȥ⡱һ˵Ȼˣͼʮֻ׹̵Ľʬȿֺ˹
ǰǽʬǹƳ棬һ£ǳ׳֮޳ȴѾûκε·ߣͣҲܿ챻ЩƳûĶͣסӲͷƤͳЩʬײ˹ȥ
ǿɶ˰ǻˣ
ȻѾ˸Щ·ʬƴһսľģȷʵˣһЩʬ谭ײһ·ֻҪһͣ²ǿϾͻ
ۿЩʬԽԽҵҲᵽɤ۶Сڵʱ׼һ֮
ɻû˫ӽͻȻ䣬·Ľʬ֮УһֻʬͻȻʼŤƬ̼ĹѾ仯ΪһϤ˵ӡ
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һľ¾ȻǽʬһϲոձԼףļ̌һצӾͳԵļֻʬץ˹ȥ
ʬȻ֪ʹȻҲиоһ֮б仯Ͻͣ²ͻȥʱľͻȻһŭ𣺡ʱѵֵǣϰ


868 Ƴ
ľһŭͻȻءһͷϷ컨ͻȻѣһ޴ĺӰ
һСǶһϾ֮ǰѾЩƳŻһˣΪǹƳ컨˳
ȻҶѿ壬컨׹ĲǽʬǱ
ûأͼͻȻʼͣܿϵ·Ҳˣﱻŵħ֮˵Ҫ仯Ϊˡ
ۿʹ󡢼˵ıҪҵľµϣͻȻһӰ컨ڷһ¶̡һſһ˫ŵϵľֱ˹ȥ
һȺʬסľȻҲŲסˣһԷԼּ̧һѾץסǺӰצӣʱҲѿǾȻǻһֻҰĳ±
ʼƻȥˣ
±ϰյľͻȻһŭûȳ±شѾſ˳±צӣֳŵȥʱءһѾȫΪһ޴İ⣬һȺʬȫѹԼ档
иԣԼĶᱻǿԵսȥһϾҾЩһΡ
һѹסЩʬûЩʬأѾʼսڣʱͼľѾӿûأͼͻȻһ˫ۣһ˫첲Ȼ˲һĳһȣ˫ҲѾһצӡ
գۼĹľ¾Ȼ˳±ģ
׹̴˾Сİ֮£ȻЩձʦʵҲѾõ˷ɿĽľ²ֹܱ仯ԼòԷӴ֮󣬸ڱɶԷԷȫЧʹá
һɽľһ˾צץס˵ϵˣֱӳǵķ˹
ǿܣｻң
ľŭʱֻ±Ҳѷɹæȥͼֻɽץһ޴ųǷ˹ԽԽ
Żڲϵس󣬺ܿѾʹ󵽿ȶסĴС
ۿԽԽֻʣµϻдŰ׶ķ϶ȻıϵĻֻᱻװȥ
ԽԽͼСҼһһȥͬʱһŭ𣺡죡滮ȥ
˵Сһǰ˳ſڵǰһУԡڝһʹķ϶л˹ȥ
һϽҲʼЧ£ŻûƵǰҸϽһһشıȥſڵش»ۿС㡢Ρĸ˶ŵ滬˹ȥһһߺãÿǶˣ
˵ͼӿ첽ۿѾߣһͷ̡žһ˵ϣֱ֫ͬһ㣬Ҳڝһŵ滬˹ܿͻǵԡ
С㡢ǼʱΪ˸߲ҵػţʱſڵûȴͻȻȻ䡭
һסʣҶһ£Ͻôˡ
ȴû˵ֻҡҡͷʱȴע⵽һ£ͼйĵϣɼһгѪ
ѪĴϸ̶Ⱥָ࣬ܳһ˵ѵĶڵĥƤˣ
ʱ˵ġˣˮ氡ëս˰Ӿˡ
û׹⻰˼󷽴ءһ죬ҸϽͷȥȻǳ±ͱ仯ΪɽģľѾצץŵһӽǺصĹƳ
Բģһ価Ƴһ󷭹θֿʼͣܿͽȸסֻЩ΢Сķ϶
һȱסЩƳҪ˳ܱߵķ϶֪Ÿոѩ׵壬һֻֻƳ̱ϵķסڡ
ûһĹ򣬾ͼ˴ĹƳ棬󲿷ֶѾһռȥһ£ǳһ׷
ʱѾԭģľ´ų±˹ԸϽʵǶû°ɣ
û£üʱ
ĨһѺ۵áͨһ˵ϣֳľ˵üʱȻοҪˣǣô֪Ǽ
˵꣬ľ´ѣ֮ǰɵҲһ˭֪ո̫ңȻɢˣҲ֪һܵȥˡ
˵Żľ»ܣͻȻʣˣûпС˳ǶͲС˳ˡ
С˳
ľһС˳ҵ˲䶼˹ȵף֮ǰҲûüȥ񣬿С˳ѾЩƳʬ嶼Թ˰ɡ
ǲ֪˵ʱȻǰԶ˱ͻȻһ
СС˳Ҫ
û׹ͻȻһҽУӴҲһ෭˹
֮ǰͬһǽһǰ浽׷ʲôҲһ˳ȥͼ֮ǰǵصĹƳѾȫʧ٣ȻǶѾսȻȡ֮ģһȺɫľȮſϷ˺ҧš
һȮ˵ͼ˱ʵսһδ뽫ЩϵĶȮսȥȻЩûȱսȥһ̡ءһըɰɢУȻȫʵ壬˳˵һҶס
ͼ±ҧǧٿĿȫǵС˳ššҡӣ߹ϱҧ˿֮УʱʱмֻȴɴһĨаȵЦͷƤ鲻


869 ʬ
СС˳Ѿ
ˣǺ
СͻȻһҸϽʵƣʲô
Сɨһۣش˵㻹ǲǵã֮ǰһι̵ܲҶ塢Ǽȶˣžƾ׹ɵЩֲȻᵽ
ʬ
Сôһѣһ̾ͻǵȷʵôһΡ
ʱǶȸˣһʣ̾ͳûҫ׹ɵһЩɡĿֱš
ᵽһֶСʬ
ǵõʱ˵νġʬ˼壬ǰһ˵嵱ʢŶĺװ⡰ģһĶǹơ
Ȼ֮ǰδͶˣƾһֳ棬Ҳһ׹֮Դںںܶż֮жᵽʬʲôҾȫ֪ˣû
Щ˵ŲõĺһʬȫˣŽžƾ˵νġʬǰѺܶ඾ڻ˵֮УȻˮĿڱԼеĿףⷽȫ¶һĤʹʬ帯õͬʱҲ֤Ķ治˾ͳˡ֮󣬱ڵĶͻῪʼ˺ҧȻԵĳ棬ʣһֻǡƳ桱
˵׹ɼ̳置ഫ׹֮ʬƷ׹شģ׹ɵ߽֮һƳĹƳ
һ뵽ҸϽֳСʵС㣬԰֮ǰ̵˵ʬһƹƳķС˳
ʬ֡
Сɨһۣش˵Ǵι̺ȶ֮˵ģԻΪƳɺƣһǻС˳֣Ѿ˻
ǡ
֧̾
СʬĹƳһƳ֮ǰԼ˵ַʵַ㲻׹ƹƳ߽֮߼ģǻԻƣ׹߼ֻֽ׹ഫϰϾֲ̫ˡƳĹƳ棬Ȼ;̶ԶƺΪڻ˵ֳĹϵ˻һϰԡ
˵һָ̧֣ҡҡλ߹С˳ֽ˵֮֮󣬻˵˵ȫҧùƶƶԷ壬ѶԷ壬һ֧ӶвѲܺ
ô˵ЩƳǾ͸ʬһ
ĳϣƳȽʬҪӵĿֲȻǵĹԶ罩ʬȴȽʬΣԣΪǵ࣬޿ײ롭
˵䣬СѾץеĺɡӭŻλ߹С˳ȥһߣһͷҲص˵֪֮ô࣬ȫ׹׹һУ׹֮Դھ壬ֵ𣬹׹ɼ̳У׹̼̳СϿյȻĻС˳ڵĹƳԽԽ࣬һʰ
ۿСһ˵һ߳Լ߹ȥС˳ϵЦݱøֲͻȻ䣬ͼ͵һ˫֣Щ˺ҧ˱ĺɫȮͻȻ׺ݵĿⶼСۼƬ̼ĹһֻֻȮѳСȥ
С㣡
СΣգһУСȴֳֻԪɡҡҡͷ˵ʬ̫Σˣһ˿Ӧ
˵ŻСһǰת˲֮ѾЩ˹ĺɫȮһš
ͼС㲽磬ЩȮȻ˲
ܿЩȮҧ֮ʱСлԪɡȴһĹһȺС˳칷֮ûȮѾȫ˰ɢС˳һʱ¶ŭݣצؾͳС
С˳ȻҲ£ȻС˳˹ʱͼϡϣںĹƳʱʱʹѪģ˿ǳʵǿ¡
С㵱ȻѾ˲ˣۿС˳ԼͼСͻȻ˦ֵһΪһС˳ͬʱСͻȻһſеĻԪɡųһŭ𣺡ȫˣ
СĺҸϽ˼ءһ죬ǵѾС˳Ķը˿
Űһ¾˺С˳ĶƤһ԰ټƵĹƳ֮С˳ĶкС˹ȥСзһƳϽһӶڳſĻԪɡͬʱ˫߬ɡǰ͵һƣͼͬ˳ɡɡ棬Сɡǰһƣ˲䳯С˳ԼЩɳĹƳȥһŴһ˲֮ѾеĹƳУС˳ȥգۼĹС˳Ҳ桭
С˳Բˡ
СٶԪɡּ̧䣬һа̡ءһ˳ըɢǡƼ֮ǵҶʽĹҲŽСû೤ʱ䣬ȴѾ磬ȫ֮£ߵҲڲϵԼ
ƼһֻС˳˲ըѣ֫İɵͬʱͼһֻֻƳҲʼѪ֮˳ʼȻûһĹйƳѱɫյ÷ǵȻ޴桭
С˳ȫսС̾˿ת̧ɨһ֮󣬹Ǽһھźͱ˵޷룬ֳ˵߰ɣսҪֹֻһ취ҵҵĸס


870 ʦ
ոɱһԼսͬ飬ȻСҲѳȵס
ûж˵ŻԪɡתǰߣҲֻܸϽĲ
ûõĹ򣬱ҲѾ仯Ϊԭӣ׷ʵô죿Ķ֪ܵеĿɣ
ǶûشΪ֪ôش
Ĭ֮УǰС㣬ͻȻͷҲ˵ҪǸϽɢĴԼ˶ҵϰǾˣҪԸƾЩ˻ԶԶ
ðɣ
Ҳ廰˵ˣ֮ǰԼܴϰһֱۣĺĻ˵
ⲻһ
Сͷһֽۣ˵ϰ֡˺վǰ֣һֵġ
˺Ϊʲô
Ϊ
ֻ˵֣Сȴֹͷûټ˵ȥ
ҺС˵ʱͼһֱſɸǴҡǰߵһ˫СһֱתСĬͻȻʵС㣬ǲ֪Щʲôʵ֮ǰҲ֣кܶɱΪʲôȴδ֣ǰɱѽܳɱŴƣΪλ֮أ桭ʲôԵʣ
⡭
һʣСɫͻȻЩţĬһ֮󣬾ͼ͵ҡͷ˵Ҳ˵²ĲϰȷʵǶ԰紦ãеԭҲżȻ̸һЩǡǱϾǡ
ѽҵθﰡɽڱ׷
ͻȻ䣬һ˺ѷεغǰ͵СĶԻҲ˲ͽ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
ǰһҶסһ󡰵δδ𡱵ܶͼɵѾǺؽųӭ˹
ӣ
һ˹־ϲϾǸոջţû뵽ȻԼ
ȻϲøûάּӣӱתǺ棬ͻȻһӰ
˳ø߸ݵģһϮ£ϸһȫɵۡ
ǣǲǡǲǡ
ʦ
ûǷӦΡľ¡ͷＸͬһʱ侪
û׷ӳǳģȻǡ
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ٿûȺȭͷǰǿȭѽײ΢΢һΣȻѾ˺ͻϮȴѾֵ̧ʹסĶмܡ

ۿźͻȻһȭҪʵʵڰϣҵĶᵽɤۣҲ˰ͬͬˣƴľҪǰ壬ȻҵﶼףͰֻһ֮ңվԶʱ˿̼ҪȥȰֶ룬ҲѾˡ

ȭХ绢ҡҡ׹İȻʱɰȭȴͻȻͣ˾ü׵ĵط
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صϢͻȻɢƣûٶ˵תͳŷȥŵõǰ¼ֵܸϽһߡ
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˵ʱԽԽȻ˵òᡣ
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ôѵ˵Ҳ
һû˵꣬ͻȻִһߺȣС磡
Ǹ۵ŮҸæͷһͼڴ¥ƵĴǰƴֺУƺؼҼѡ
ûע⵽һֻʬѾ˳¥Ŀյܵ˴·ۿŶ㼤ֱӴ̽˳ǽʬץסʱͻȻһͳŶȥ
㣬Σհ
ΣͷһУڷĿУԮ
ۿǽʬҪ˵ϣҵļѾᵽɤۣȻʱͼݵһӣʬ˸գ˫ƽӡӡʱָֽһΣѲ֪ǴʲôطͳһŻָֽһžһ;׼ǽʬĶͷϡ
нʬĶͷһ׻Ѿͷը˻ǽʬǶһ룬ǽʬȻָ֪ӷؾ볯ץ
˭֪ʱһŵֽѴӶɳžؾͷֱǽʬıĿڡ֫ؽڵȵȾŸλϣƬ֮䣬ֽըǽʬʱըôж˿ǣһһ˳Ŵ棬һҲܺˡ
ЩʬǲöԸû뵽ǵķ䶼𲻵̫á
һŮͻȻһŮѾƵߵ˶ԣ㱻ոͻȻֵĽʬŵɫ԰ףץס֣ٺЦһ¡
һȻ׵ԼŮС
Сɲ򵥣ͺͶ࣬ʵȴڵ֮еĶ⼶𡣵ϵļ֣ǧֵ˾ҿͬʱʮŻéɽ׵׻ʮһţСȻˣַȴǹϵĵҪ֪ЩڵʮĳҲһ׻СС͵Сȴԡ
ǵ֮ǰСͶӦΪéɽŶĵָʦʦͽദһҶ̶̲һµʱûӶոնԸǽʬַϾͿԿóСѾͷȷʵ٣Ȼʦͽ
СһοҲת˲٣ֳһ˵С磬ѽҶأ
𼱣ҽֻ͡
һû˵꣬ͻȻ;һȻڳһֻһѸ
ûҷӦͻȻ̧һգ͵һžҵĺϡ
һߵõǲأȺֱܴӵŵҾʹӷĿз˳һνһȣƶ£Ȼӽ˶ڵĴڣ̧һͽ˳Ŵ˽ȥ
˵һĴòѣѪ߰ʱأȻǾһԡѪƴɱҡ
û˵أͻȻڱңСҵˣ
һͷһϲֻĸȿֺشӲԶСܳͷխZۣͽܳޱƣģһֻ첲űǰļ˼ϼֶү
ĸ϶ٶˣϸĹѪܹʱϵıȴڼϲҵĳҲ˵Ѿܾûˡ
үǱ׹̻ʱ䣬︮ʮʧٵʧ٣߲Ǹȫʧȥã︮ûĹǣЩֵλڷõµ֮ܲڣϵطֲĹǸɳԱ֧̲о֣Ųö︮ʲôӡ
ԭΪ˹һȸһӵȻ嵽ǰʱĸȴͻȻͣϼϲʱʧݵڵأ뻽һ
Ǳʲôվ˵
ЩֱһЩӦϽѼ˶ȳխZʵխZۣ⵽ô£ΪʲôǶᱻ
ͨ׹̷ֲͨѶ豸︮ܲϵΣòǲڵʱ䣬һϵжɶܲᳵ·խZۺͼֶү˸ġ
ôһʣխZ۵ͷ죬̾˿˵ԣԲ𡭡Ҳãҹ˴ҶҵΡ
Ȼ֪խZΪʲôͻȻ˵ֻһⷬﲻԾЩ
ʱʵӲùĲǱ׹̻үǣխZۿҪǸܡ
Ͼǡߡĵӣ߽ҫħ磬︮һһλϸħˣȻޱ𾴵ĶʦȴͻȻ֮ΪǵУǶԽܣֺοխZأ
խZĵԶԶֹЩʦѣӵ᲻˻ɣǡҫ˵֪Ļ˶ûˣֻԼǿš


890 ֮սƪ
խZͷޱ߹Ķ㡢СϽס֣ͼοʱֶүһ̾Ϣ˵ģǡǱƭˡ
ƭˣ˭ƭˣҾʵ
ֶүԴԴҲһ
ģ賿ʱҲǳɹ¥֮ѾʼжֲԼǰΧĽʬʼ¥ɱ˹
︮749Ȼʱһֱڰм׹һһȴû뵽һ賿Ĺ׹̾ȻͻȻôŷӦԭ˶ƭˡ
ѹô׾ͽǴ׹̵أڻ֮к︮ϵԭνأһӣ˵һơ
˵ܱ߸ֻһأүڵĻ֮⣬ȴûиκԴŽʬԼЩͨŮ洼ƻʵƷ
ֶү˵ʱҲһһʸ˲Ϯͷ
Ϊʲôܱ͵͵ôĻأƺЩϳ
żֶүָ˵ͻȻֽʬҵͬһʱ䣬ܲҲյϢһֱļŵ׹̷ֲҲʼҹɫжʼ½ķֱʱ︮ͬڼ׹һһ749ֶѾʶһ˵ܿͻΪһƬ
ȻûõĹ򣬡սʹˣǲڵµ¥ͻȻϮĽʬӿҧˣţֻĹҲֱڣʼƻأȻһս֮С
ڼֶүᵽֻĹҲܹ³ؾǲ֪ʲôʱֱֻ׹̻ޡ񡱱Ϸͷߡ
Ǻ⵽Ǽ׹̷ֲݵҴһ룬ӦѾСĸŮΪõ׹̳Ա
Сļƻ㣬ǵĿı¥ԼһͬΧ׹ܲڵһʱ䡰ץסȴû뵽˶һսˡ
ֶү˵ʶοǰΣĵһʱ䣬749ֵĸ߲ɲǾͿʼϵ︮Ҫ︮749507ܲһͬԮԱ޶ȵס̬ķ
ʵʱҶѾףȻ֮ǰ֮սҪϲ֪ٱȫý役㶼ѾĳУҪⳡȫ֪ͨħ羪һսڸѾǼܵˡ
δгָΪ˾Ԯʧȥ˺ĸɲòȡκδģж︮խZֶۡүڽϵǿҪ֮£ȫԮ
ֶүңʱܲѾͱ׹ڵȫʧȥϵһʱ֮ҲòʲôõļƻۿľԽԽԿƣ޹գ˴󲿷ָɲħˡħֻּҪ콫޹ھȳžȫԮ
û뵽һɺãȴȦס
˵ʱͼֶүѾߺҸϽʣȦףʲôȦףѵ˵ǻ쵰Ҫڵʵ飬ͬһһ򾡣
ǡ749
խZͻȻڣЩʣ⻰һ˲䡰ˡһѾȫ֪λشˡ
㡭˵ʲô˵˵749Ȧף
һʣխZ۵ͷͷĨ˵һʱ嶯ȻڿǣǴܲͼֲĴ󲿷ӪԱѾأһ󲿷Ѿʧȥϵʱָܲ⵽Ϯ´Ѿ
˵խZʵøˡ
ȱޣô£Ǹ˵죡˵
ЩѾһŽ
749Ҫᣬ︮һͬĨɱ
ֶүһ̾Ϣֽ˵ԭʱ749507˿ڿ˵ҪЭͬڵͨתƵȫĵطһȷʵһСʱ䣬ͨͰȥԮĴľ񣬾ֹЩʬŰӣȻڲ֮ǰǻȫʱ749507˫ԼָӵĲȴͻȻǹڶ׼ǣֵܶھԮʱĻ֪ô£Ϊǵ͵Ϯɥ
⻰Ѿƿԡ
ʱֻխZֽӹ˻磬˵ԣǸϽϵ749ָӲʣȴϵǣ749507ڵʱָӲҲѾĸģȫʧȥϵΪǱ߳£û뵽ȴ֣ԮĲ½½ʼ˰ΧΧģһζĿը
խZ˵Ĺִһը죬˶һ
˵Щ׵ҶѾˣҶˣСȻҲף˽
ģЩνĹٷҲ̫˰ɣ塢رΧǣڻĿըһͨѵѾ˳ô޹ˣ
Զ׼Ӧ
˵䣬ֶүѾһԵȡһŵͼ̵ָָ֮˵ȫأġѾݣڼѾȫûܱسǵǻԿ϶ǰֻҵľ棬Ѿ׾پˣų749ҪȫЩʬһʯٵĿܡ


891 Χ
ڵͼָһ֮󣬼ֶүֽ˵յ鱨749507Լܱ߾ӵ־ٶҪйȡ
̫ˣֱΥ˵
ͻȻһſڴҸϽſڵķ˹ȥͼСѾڼ︮ԱĲ˽
С㣡
һС㣬ޱ˸ǼøϽȥӭӣҲʵС㣬ôģ
ſɱġ
С㻰һڣ̾ʵС㣬Ѿʬµˮйͨˣֵ︮ڶʮ¥ǿţⷿŲݣҪɱǡ
ΪǸô¥ϾҪǾԮ
˵Сһۣ˵ľѾϹˣЩʬ̫࣬һʱºѽټң
˵Сֳżֶү˹ȥֶүϽվسСͷ
С΢Ц𣬿˵ԭΪѾֹܲˣû뵽ոսʱ˵Ȼֹۡ
˵Сߵ˵ͼǰòɨһ֮˵԰Ǹոյ˵ȫѾΪ֮
С˵ֶ꣬ү΢΢ͷϵı
̫ˣ749ô飬ֱʮ׹̵磡
С΢΢üЩԾʱСһһ̾ҡҡͷ˵˵һһȻˡ︮Ϊ˽²ҲǺľѪȻ֮ȴݺΧ︮ھ֮бձϽĮ֮йӲд⣬ͽжĥɱ¿
жĥɱ¿¿ɱδҲ̫¡˰ɣ
С˵̲꣬ס֮ǰҾ飬ⱻϽ֮硯ųǣжٶ˿ڣ͵ЩνĹٷֱöٶڲˣʱǾͱһ׵׵Ĺǣ
ﲻɹǣɡ桭
ֶүͻȻڣ⻰Ҷס
ү⻰ʲô˼
Сһʣүְ̾˿ɨһڵϵĵͼ˵룬ѵ˵ΪѾȫʧأٷӲ𣿡
Ȼᡣ
ҡҡͷӻ˵ѡӲͲὫȫΧаΧˣȻѡ˰Χս˵ҲЩʬӳܳȥĳΪȾĻƿ¾ûˡ
ֻһ
ֶү̾Ϣ˵Ÿոѣ︮ĺȻѾֲԱԼħɵԮ·ϣûиϵʱϢڰʦȫԼڵȵħеϵѾһʱǲԮ
ô䶯ѵ˵ħ綼ѾԱˣ
ֶү˵ҾȻĳħз֧ϵȻΪ˹ͬĿͬʱԮֱħԹûйʢ
ʱխZԱ˵ⶼңҰ̫ˣܲϸϹԮͬʱҾǱϵĸϵ˾ԮϢ︮ħԼ︮һ£ŸϽ߸
խZۿ޵ίֶүϽһ԰ο˵ˣҲܹ㣬Ͼǵʱһľôȫһ˵أ˵ˣû︮ľԮɱ䣬ҲԲȵģֻǵġ
ֶүֹҸϽʵүʲô
ֻǵģ»Ӷӵĵزչ
ֶү̾Ϣ˵֮ǰʱָӲʼЩʬϮʱЯͨѶ豸ȫʧ飬룬Ӧ749507ָĹĸ߿ƼͨѶ豸źţҲ˵ǸЩûԮʧȥϵ
ֶү⻰һ⡱һɲǼѾ֮⡪
ɡѵ˵ѵ˵쵰749һβҪ׽ҪΧԮ
һŸո˵ֶ꣬үѾѵüͷ˵ͷٶһƬžԼҲĬˡ
֪ΪٷָȻо749ֺ507н︮ԼΪ֪ħ糹աǻҰģһһսʱǾѾ֪ˡ
ҪԸħޣ׹ҰĲʵǿ֯ƾյ鱨֪ԼԱԶԶģˣ749ֲȲѡ˺︮ųԵĺ֮ս֮ŶԮ֣Ͼ˵ĵ˾ѣǰңʵҲڰԼ
ڿЩٷҰȻѾԶ׼ˣǵĲҰѲҪ︮Ĩɱìͷ׼ħ硭
ѾΧסǵԮʱ̸ϵֻһֻֻƻķɶһȡ
СɫҲ˵Ȼ749һһ̺壬ϾľƣζѾڸǲסˣһһѾı¶˸ĸ߲ĻϣҪڸǹȥ̸ף749507ıʵ㣬ҪֻҾ֮ڳˣϼѣϾЩ⡯ĽʬͨԱǺѷֱģԣΪ˱ʵҲΪڸʵǷУЩǱڵġΣշӡСһͬ


892 ά˹
УǾԴУ
ֶү˵꣬ѾͲסˣ۾壬˸ϽקסңʵС磬Ҫʲôȥ
ϻȻȥ749Щ쵰ˣģܲ汻ɣ˵ˣôԮ½ǲϿ취Ļǧԭħͳ군ˡ
ȶ̵ģȱ嶯ڳȥҲǺôƵ˳бԵͻᱻЩʬԼЩϰáŮ洼ƻĹɱ
ô죿𣿡ٶȾʡ
ҪиĿꡣ
Ŀꣿʱ˻ʲôĿ꣬ģȥ749ƴˣɱһɱ
ҷ룬С͵سҵۣһŭ𣺡죡úôţ
ҲΪϱĻŴСһŵһֱ£Ͻϲ˵ˡ
Сֳżֶүʵүмһ㣬¹ҶӦö׹̵˵Ӧ޷ָ749жѵָӣ
С㻰һֶ꣬үûмŻش𣬶͵͵ɨһۡ
˵ͷֻȦ˼ʮϺ꣬ȻǾ֮ɨһۣȻҵ
ϾСݺ⣬ʹ︮һԱ׹СŮι׹̵ʹ˸ӵݣֶүô׾ٵľͽ̫鱨֪С
ֶүȻأȻǶˣһҸϽ˵ͷֶүʵ˵Сµû749ɳָӹ٣ȷʵǳ¹ֹ֪ү˸ʧȥϵ¹Ҳͬ749Ǳʧȥϵ749߲ٿ飬ѡɳһ˽¹֮ǰĹΪ749ֵжָӡ
Ŷһֱǳ¹749ڹһΪ749Ѿûбأ˾Ȼܹ¹ȻҲ򵥰ɣ
С˵ֶ꣬ү̵˵ͷش˵ûȷʵ򵥣Ϊʱ鱨ʾѾѡΪ749ֵжָӣǽ¼Ĺٷָӹ٣Ҳ˵507ԼܱװڵйٷԱĵǲ
ֶүһ˵⻰ҸϽʵô˵Ѳӳ⡢ǡϰЩʬʯٵףˣ
ӦôˣϾǵ鱨ʾ
үı˵ʲô鱨ʾ鱨ʾģ͸һ仰ǲף
Ļǵġүͷ
ܺã˸Ŀˣ
һۣʶү˵˭ֶү˺أ֮ǰ︮ڵһЩ¼︮749ڲԱʱȷʵἰˣǶ˽⣬ȴǰֽһţΨһ֪ǣ˼749ּûгڣһֱڻڲ߲֮򣬵749ڵи߶Ȼ¼ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ӣ˭ʲô֣
ˡά˹Ψһ֪ǣǸŮˡ
ŮŮˣ
ֶүôһ˵ֻңС㶼ס
һŮˣȻܹƶɥĲļƻϰ˵Ϸֱ֮ǶħôŮܹݶ̶ֳأ
Ĭһ֮ҸϽ˵֪֮־ͺãٷѾҾͲһ˶û£ģҶҪĺŮ˸
һųڣͻȻһֽдӴ͵شǽ̶ͬȴǴĿдġ
ҶԼͬسŴ˹ȥһ۾Ǿ͵Ļɫ򼾫ڷҡͷβţʱʱһֽУ˵ƾС
ɻڷƴ˺Ϊʬܵ⡰Ӱ죬ǷĿЭˣҼ˲ٸ
ߵһµֵѾʣ޼ҵǣľ¡Լ칷ҲѾȫ¥Ļ˳Ƿϣƴغͷţ֮⣬߷ʦװĵ˻跨ΧĽʬսһţȻǡŵ¡
ħµͷʲô֣֮֮֮֡֡ѾȫԺ
ҶƴȫԡѪսҵĳҲѾˣһ˴ڡ
ţǸСά˹ĺݶŮˣҲҪҳڵĵ֮ȽָӲ֮Χֵǣϣ
һŭѾһӶʮ¥ĴһԾ£ҡڲͣķȥ
Ķ֪ҹŶסǷȴû˵пûǷϣͻȻͼһźӰӸ߿֮ѹ̧ͷһ˲ɵۡ
ȻûȷӦһֻ޴צѾӿץ͵һӾͽҵסһǿڿն𡭡
С磡
ȶ̵ģ
һұץգС˶񣬶һֱǺӰץϿһٶףҲڴ۵¿ıĿǹӴ󣬺ͷ๣ͨ巢ֻһֻţצץҲš
ȶȾ޴ʱҸ¡˫߲ߵʮ֡
ɿ𣬷ޱߡ
ֻ졣
ϷȻˡ
ǵõ˴ʱҲŪĿ֮ҵȻ˭һʱĿҵ඼޲ᵽɤ۶æӺγȣһ˦˿
񣬵ӱ۸Ǻɲ㣡


893 
ŭ֮һӾͳϷĶ˹ȥһӣ˲ͼȼžͷǱϷĸžը
һҺˣϷϹŴ˵еġ񡱣ԻΪʳҲǻûȥδЩЦˡ
ȻʮڱϷĶϱը֮ǱϷϾȻûܵκε˺Ȼһ;еֿ˵ջȻؽΧת𽥽֮С
һǱϷǴŭ˼צ֮ѾεͷתˣͻȻͼǱϷһ壬ֱ̬ͬһֻҪʳҰõľӥһ㣬ϷײȥĵطѾ︮ܲĵطǶʮĸ¥
һʱҾȻȫ֪ôźãû취ϷѾǸ¥ߡ
ҵǣۿžҪһͷײ¥ʱϷͻȻ˫һסΣŻӶһſ̳Ŵ¥ϷغХȥһ촫֮ǰѡĴ̱쫷÷飬ſ¥Ľʬǣ˿С
λڶʮ¥︮ȻҲܣǿ˳Ŵһᣬҽվվˣžڷһײ
ǿո£û˴ӵǱأٿǱϷѾһֽУڵķſѪڣһŻ޴пʼۡ
˵ãæų˾ˣҪ𣡿ܣܰ
ܣ˵򵥣Ҫף˵ˣﵽǽʬۿҲҪˣʱ˿̾ܣܵʲôطȥأ
ȻʱͻȻͼһСӰǵûӴܣӭűϷеһͳ˹żڴ̨һ㣬ӰȻᡱһԾ𣬾ȻֱӴӶʮ¥Ĵ˳
ӰʱϷеĻҲѾͣͼϷͻȻǰһ̽ءһѾ³һͬĻתžڵķ
ʱӰֱһΣеɡҲѾһչ
ɡĿһɫĹâȽɡסգۼĹ򣬶ĻѾءһƫеشɡϡ
С㣡
ҲɵؾٿֳֻԪɡƴֵסϷлС㣬ֻһӣӾͻȻһ˴ɡ̱Żײõɻ˴桭
ڼײʱСһ˫ֿס˴Ųûֱȥҧسűס˺ɵǲǣһѣ˷Ҷ
Сôһ𣬴ŷӳ˹Ͻȿֺس嵽˴ڣԼ嶥סСĺ󱳡
СеĻԪɡϷǿûãɡϰŵԽ΢ǻķײͼһŰͻȻɡɡΧԽԽ࡭
ۿűϷеĻСץסʱͻȻһŭͬһʱ˫߬ŻԪɡɡͳǻײķȥֻһƣһŰ˲佫û˳ŻͳϷķ˹ȥ
ƲҸæס˿ڱǣϾԪɡųİҺ¼ұɡҲͬİ̴ɡըɢǲʹþɥʧսֻƾһѳ˾Ϲűɡһֵܼȫû
ȻϷһֱͼȶ򣬵ǰȴǻһλƵؾͳűϷ˹ûһĻ́ͷͼϷĺЩң˫ҲʼһƵѪ˿˫ȵĴ򶼱û˹ƺϷѾʼˡ
ԼƺҲо˲˸ձǰסûãϷͻȻ죬ĻһʧžͼϷֽеͬʱ͵һȶȻɫѾ֡ᡱһ𣬶һֱץצ˵ֱ͸ɽһ̼
ҽΧҲһǳͣڸ߿֮еıϷûٶȷƣæּͼӱϷǯһצѳȥγȴʧܸա
ƴʱһӰͻȻ֮ûҿߺˣӰѾֱ˱Ϸͷ͵һȭʹ˱Ϸ°ϡ
һȭȻᣬñϷ΢΢һͷԴ˹ʱӰѳűϷûӦʱҷ˹һȻǳ֡
ͼֵһѩѾ˺ۣëѾһ룬Ĵǻ硣
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һ˵һּǱϷצӣȻϷצȴץ̫ҲѾ˺ۣȻ޷ʹȫһʮצȴ𣬽ץҲš
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Ȼʱͼֶү˫һΣűǶԳı仯ִǡһ¸ı˷ͬѵˮһڵһӶ֮Ѿڿն𡭡
Ȼֽɡʵ֮УûͶʹãϾһʱʧٺҴҹϹ˶ٶ׷ֵַܲǣû뵽ڻó
ֶү˵ҲһʵǣȻǶнɡΪʲôҪ¥Ͽӳ
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ֶү⻰˵ƿԣΧһӴֵڿаţѰŸԵŵ㣬һȺ֮ǰס¥ſڵĽʬҲѾǣѭǵӰ׷˹
ڿзʱͼǷͱϷѾԽԽףּײ֮󣬲ԶǶ¥ѾײĿȫǣǽڵķ飬ͼһֻֻʬѵשߴ¥﷭˳žˤضǣһľ¡ŴҡΪǴһûнʬŵͼβסسǻζֱۣʾǸϽȥŽ䣬ֶүҲû˰ȫĵط
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ǾڸոصĶ㣬ǾĴһźӰѾ˲ӿ
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ʱҲ˲϶˵СĿᶨһʱҲĳԳͷ̧۳ſȥǺѹѹĸ¥Ѿߣò˼ӵʱ䣬ͻǵͷ
ҪһҪһ
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ʼһûȻССѿŸոһ棬ͻȻ䡰ᡱһ¾ֱֱſдȥ
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899 
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һѻȻȻǵС롱ӡЧǿЧһǵһμ
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ĵһ˲䣬֮ΧķϣͻȻһششڵλΪģʼһȦһȦسΧɢûһĹ򣬾ͼΧ˹ĽʬѾЩش̴̴˰֮УٿɫȴԽԲ԰ףȻʩչַӡѶ̫ĸ
΢΢ҡΣŵϽһԷסֲҴţʱ˫ĿİͻȻԲ˫һŭ𣬺һֻ¡һ˷ӵص´̳ĵشѾһȦͬһǽһ㣬ǰС
ǽڸһ̡ͣ͡һͻһѪһΣص˵ϡ

ȴΧʱѾ˵ˣǿ̧ǻ˵죬ĶѨ롭뿪
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ҲߣҲҪߣҡ
ﻰû˵꣬ͻȻͼ̧һƣ̱ƵڵأٿѾšŭŴӵǱ͵һ˫ۣһŰ׹ըɢѽΧͼײ˼
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˵ŻͻȻ˿ڴְٰγʱϾȻһŵõġѪֽܵϸһƺһͼ
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⻰һϽʵԼֵܣĶ
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Žӻ˵Ƿʱֻʬ׷ɱѾҧǧٿףŵͼ֮󣬾ͣϵըҩ˵Ϊʬ˺Լˡ
ﻰ˵ֶүʱһըҩʱܲԱ˰֧飬Ա˶չȫԮΪȷҵİȫÿһ֧ԮӶǲһ֧ѵص߻Сӱÿʮˣ︮һһĸֻ֣ǵЯԻըҩ
ү˵ͷֽŵ˵ƺһ֧ԮھǸȴʬĳ޷뿪ͨѶ豸ҲѾȫʧ飬ǻСӵʮƴɱ˳ֱűԮλõĵͼǰʮѰԮһ˾ɱֵܣͼҲǵġ
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˵ʱֶүٶȷĵǴҶףҴߣǵȻҪȣ¾ôΣ˵֧ԮӲĵطѱƣڹȥԮͶ
ʱּҴ˵ֵǰ˵ʮɱʱĵطʮҴߣȥһ︮ԮԱ֮⣬౻ǾµƽͷֲԮߡ
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˵ɨˣͼһȺǱ˺ۡƣֵܶ¶õЦ
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900 ɳ
ԴǣȻѾ˺ۣ˫֮ͮͮƺѾѳ׼
ԥЦ˵ΣҲҵģʱʱգҸкԼξͺãֵܣԵԻټ
˵ұȭ֣׵ĹȫѾûˣ޴̰壬Ȼڿȴ͸¶һݵʵ

ڰͲס˵ܲܰһ˶Ļۻʲôֵܡ
һ˵꣬ͻȻһǺӿд̧ͷһȻֻʬѾӱֳסĸ¥Ѻڵ˳ءһ˦ԲԶ
Ӹ߿ˤĽʬҡҡλȻܶһӦǳžİȥ
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һֱ˫ԱЦڿ˿ڣһ˵ʵЩҲ֣һֻħѣԼ֮䳳ѽѷ𣿡
˵ͼִӿڴͳһ˦ֱ֣ӸɵӺͼֶүֽ̧ӹǶȻ۵ذס
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˵ŻسɨһۣЦЦ˵㣬һħҲװʲôʴ壿֤ԼͽԲԣðͳǿĲɳǾ͡
˵ʱͼ߬۵ذ׵ԽԽҸæ˳ֵĻŭ죡ˣȻӣΪֲƤݣ嵽ûбֽţѵ㶼֪𣿡
ЦҲѣֲҪоô֪ôԼŮŲѵŵùˡҲμܽеġŮ洼ƻ
ֻһڣƿԣȷʵ˵Ĳ޵
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ȫûӵĿڣƤĵ˳ƴһѪ˲䣬ΧһƬĬʱѾֹͣһ˵Ŀ⣬ǼѪܵĿڴ

Ĭûãһϸ΢춯ͻȻ춯һ˲䣬ϵı飬ˡ
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ҡҡѵѾ
˶û˵ΨԼԲ۾촽ɵز
Ϊʲô쵰쵰
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ͻȻԱһЦ˵̧ȿʼǰߣ߹ֶүʱͻȻһѾʹжǰ۵ذףӡ
ҸոҲɻ˵Ӿ廹׳ˣһﾹȻܲһѾԶ׼ˣǽľ֮ǿȻҲΪ߹
ֱ˵˦е۵ذףһ˵ȺҲ֣ⶼʲôʱˣȻòȻ̸ʲôʴ壬綼αġпģһȺĻ쵰ƾʲôװǻƣڿɺãԭһֱһöʱըߣ︮Цޡ
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ӣ㣬ˣҲкû֣֮ȻҲĸףҴӲΪӦ
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裬Ǻһ㣬ֻӾ
˵Ҫ֣һʱһһ߳һ߾㲻ɱܣ㻹ûҵĻġװ


902 ֮
иʽݵĵʲôĸоҴӲ֪ɽ֪ˡ
ͻȻһ仰ڣ˵ǶԳ֡
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һʱ䣬Ѳ֪˵ʲôǺˣڿţߺ죬صͷ죬Ĭ
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ܣԲܣ
ŵĻѾһʱ˳ֳ˵ţ⣬ôأҵĶӣôӵĶӣ
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ʱֶүԾ˵ڿ²˵ЩʱֵǻһֵǾͻһֵΣա
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Żһ˵꣬ͳȫŭϾ⡰һڡϢϢأʮ䶼ڹ˭Ҫ֪أ
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һڣŸϽ첽ǰߵԺ˵Ҳһ
裬㡭
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˵Żֳŭݵ˹ȥԥһ£˵鲻֪࣬Ҳһȥء
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΢΢һЦȴδش
˵ĹǵĶҲϣȻѾ£ǱˣΪַӡĹϵ޷뿪ȻҲܸһһΪϵأҲΪĿڴɳɳһʱĿʱѾȫʧȥ︮˶Ρ
ǳ֣һԼ边ȻҲҪΪƺ󣬾ȻҲһҲΪ˾ŪԼӲʩһʹ֮󣬳ڻǴӦһ뿪Ⱦȳ֮ٻԼ
ȻѾݵȻᣬִٸ֮һǸϽ·˳ڳĶѨʹӵ³ǵͼǵĵص˹ȥ


903 ֲ漱
Ȼڵ£һ۵ͼ֮ĸоǿǰȻǧģѾڵµķøӵˣΪǲڵµĹϵһ·ǵûܵʬԼЩĹ
˳ŶѨǰ˶ʮ֮󣬾ͼǰƴ򶴵ͻȻֹͣǰӵһͣ£ҲϽͣס˲Ҹæʵôˣ
ͷɨһۣ˵ǵˡ
ˣʲôˣ
⻰ڣһŲ֪ʲô˼̧ͷǰȥڵĶѨ֮лʲôǰѾ·һѵָǣЩҪӪȵˣλõ棿
ȻҸ뵽ʱͼѾǰһ£ձͼʪ¶һɫˮ
ô£ͷ˵ǰһˮˣ⸽Żʪζϸǵͼ
˵ֶүǸϽͷֳеĵͼɨһֻֽۣ˵ϸͼüǺűʻλӦһվվɽˮܵУ㣬ѡطšԱʬǵĽ𣿡
һ˵Ҳϸһ£˵˵ȷʵе˵ˣմӰе鱨һССļվҲɵ¼ʮ˰ɣ
뵽éٿʱ˼ǣЩֵܸûڵϣǲڵ£
һ˵˵ͷҲµòĻӦþͲǰˮ
˵ǰɫʯһָֽ˵Ҳ˵ǰܾսˡԷܽʮ޷ӣȻڶ࣬ǿɾóȻ룬СĲС
˵ŻֳһۣҵͷСؿʼˮٵúСģ¾ʯʲôƵģҲѹ֣Ͼ´ҵ˵ѾУˮĶʱ˿ۼһȺʬʯһʬ̾ͻ˳ڳĶӿ룬ôСĶǸмҲ޴أֻ·һ
ӿܴû뵽ʯͷãӷ̳ļСˮϹ˼֮ûõĹ򣬾ͼǵסȥ·ˮѾֻʣ˱һ㡣
ʱ˿̣Ҷס˺ĶҴ˵޲ðѶ䶼Ҫ
Ȼһˮĺ棬һԽǿҵĴȻˮڽż伤ҵһս
һһ㣬ֵǸϽеķ߬øˣʱͼֻͷɨһۣǱ飬ƺҵϾǸ
һ߬аҲû˵ֻǳĬĬͷ̧Ѿαˮһһڶǰˮ̰һ̮
֮УֻӶ洫ɱѾԽԵسǺɱһϵǺ죡챣ӣ򲻵ѣܡ
ûȽ˵꣬ǲϵȴͻȻסˮĿĳ̣ǰȥͼһ︮۵İ׷ˣھλòԶĵطԲ۾ʧǡ
ͷͺӶ׻׵ģҲͬ԰ףȻϵսѾѪȾ졢Ѿǧٿףһֻﻹǽ߬һմѪҿ˷ľŻֵһֻŸ˿ڣѪɲͣشָ͸
û̳£ͼ̵߬еĸֵƴվŭžͳڵǽ˹
ЩĽʬӺͬھ
ȻûϳѾϳ
հףƽʱϲϾƣΪڼоţΪϹȾ˲źȳһ˵ľǡ
˵ϾҲ︮һλ¸صǰˣȫѾΪ︮Чʮ꣬ȻʵƽƽʮѾõ︮˵ΣƾΪ︮ĳһƷֲĸˡ
һսħĸֱ״ңϴƣϾķֲҲ±٣ֵ︮ܲԴ֮һֱܲ¡
˵ϾƣǸһ︮Ͻ𱲷ү𶼻Ҫĳһ塱ء
壡
һϾƾŵλƵسҸϽһһ⸮ϾҲɵһ£ϸʯҰ嵹ʱ̳ɨ˹ʱһǣС̫ˣˣˣ
˵ʱֻϾƵѾͷͳԶɱķ򾪺ܲԮˣͦסͦס
ᣬҲϽӶѨ˳ȥ˵һ˵һѴһģӴˮϵͳ֮УǰԶˮˮ֮УͼһȺ︮۵ֵʬɱһ𣬵ϸ洦ɼʬڶĲ֫ϱۣԼֵʬ塭
壬ʲô
Ҳҵʱ䣬ϽŰϾһʣָӲӳʱЯҩֵҲʼΪϾư˿ڡ
ǰѰϾƲڵ֮󣬾ҧ˵ֶүǶԲǵľԮŸոնǷԮãͻȻϮ󲿷߶ϮˣֻʣһУԼһЩǾͨһ֧СӵıӵǣǱЩĽʬѰټò˶ǵķ߾ͻᱻͻƣǣȾȴҰɡ


904 
Ͼ˵ʱȦˣҸϽֺ߬ݺݵͷΪ˽ƣʵ壬ܼܲ˵˵Ϯ飬Ҳ˽Ͼ
⵱Ȼԣǡ
廰ճڣǰͻȻһһʱ䣬ϾƲȻɫһ˵ˣֵըҩһͨʧˡ
ϾƸ˵ͻȻ䣬һҽѾǰˮˮﴫһӰʱǰĺڰӰ֮ҽͬʱںͽʬֵѾ˵ϡ
һԼֵܵ£Ż񣬼һֵܸϽǰˣ֪û˵ˮǰǺӰѾַɿسǴ˹ûǿǺӰʲôһǰֵܣѾӺۡһѪٿǺӰѾؽԱߵĺڰ֮ûټ
Сģ
һŭͬһʱ䣬ڰУǺӰѾ˳һξȻǳ˹
ûҶ㿪һӰҲܳźӰ˲䡰ءһײһ󵹷
ֱʱҲڿֻոҪϮҵĺӰȻֻϸݵĺɫȮ
ԭֻڹ
ֻǰ칷һЦ˵ŻһԴԼĲѾͷ­ͷһ֣ȮҲŵЩ񣬵ûӣдͷ͡
ʱ칷Ц˵СȥˣССĹԼͿˣ
˵ʱ칷¶˼Ҳѹ֣ϾõȮ֮칷ȻйҸԣȻЩҪˡ
칷ͨᣬΨд̳޴ѩ쳣һغ⣬վԭزŭ
ȮЩӣ칷ͻȻһͷ׼ͷͬһʱ䰺Ӹ߿һͽУǽˮþûصǶëȻٿϸݵȮѾ
칷ϸݵȮţҲϽˮоԮȻʱһع칷ĺдһǹҵĿⲻؾͶ˹ȥһʱȫס
ͼϸݵĺȮҲѧ칷ģ˻Դζͷ­ͬʱӲ߸Ҳİ
ǹİԽԽʱʱ£ŹͷСʱͻȻ͡һճҺޱȶĵĹͷѾҧǹİ˳Ҹǵһ칷׾ס
⡭㡭ôܡ
һ£칷ǳɵۣһֱ¹ȺܹͬʱӵͷľȮֻһѣȻһֻͷȮȴǰһθѲС˳ʽ֮ĹˣϾС˳Ѿˡ
ǡĵߡˡ
ֶүֹһӣϾʶ㣬һϸݵȮԴʱɫ԰׵ؾһ߶꣬ͳû־ʽЩܶ˶֪ʵҲвΪ֪һ档ʱȻûСҹˡѾпʼ˶Բѧ¼ĵо߶ɵʱӷɻһ䣬֪±˵ֽоװľĸʬͷȮ̶˹
֣ٶһ
Ȼҿ鲻࣬ǶһЩ鼮ǱȽϸȤģٳΪһ︮ħ֮󣬸Ƕ˺ܶϣиҲ̶˹һ֡
˵У̶˹һеȮ壬ۣĵֲ޵һ֡
ǲʨһǿ׳ɷĹͷγĶҺġ
ѣѵп̶˹ĴڣֻǴ˵
Сͬһֶүȴüͷ˵ͷǵ߶ɹʱɴһֻͷȮĸʬһڹĹзֵʬΪ񣬵Ǻܿϧԥʱޣڡ̶˹ʬоûеõʲôչǣֻͷȮ̶˹һֱֵܳйֱ507оҼǵôǾżʱ򣬸ʬ507߽ȫоԴ˾ҲûκϢ
ֶү˵͵һ507ⲻɵ˾ͷĸ
ʬڱ֮507ܻ֮ноΪʲôͷֿԺö˶˵֮ҫѵ˵507׹֮䣬ĳֲɸ˵ܣ
뵽ֶү˵ʹСֻȮӦþǵɷûʱǾ߸ʬϸöϵĺۼѵ˵
ɣĹ֪Ҳ֪ȻǡŮ洼ƻɵĺ¡
ʱͼֻͨڵͷȮѾһɱͼֻͷһҧ˺úò֣ϿΪεƣ칷ռ˾ԵƣνͷȮڵ޷ʵϸһʵˡ
ͷȮȻɱгԾ칷ĿɴĶҺȴĵظʴ칷塣
ÿǶҺ˦칷ʱҺͻῪʼͬһʴ칷Ƥëò˶ã칷ҺȾĵطѾѪˡ
ʼʱ칷ȻʲôȽ֮ԥʧ칷ڱ¶˳ΪǶҺʴվվˡ
칷ѣǾȥæȻ칷ȴͷһ𡪡
Ҫ֣ϵҹңȥˡ


905 
˵칷һγͷȮȥ͵һھҧס˵ȮĲӣٶȰڵأȻûȽװסȮַҧס칷һȡ
ũ壬ҿûټܾȻ׺ݵ̶ֳȣɵЩĿɿڴ
ֻȮѽѷ֣һʱҲ֪ôźˣϾ칷Ҳ֮еһӣҴʱͼкüѾʴĿȫǣ뿪һʲô¿ô죿
ɾЩ֪֮ʱͻȻͼһɫ⣬ǲǱڴĶ˳ûǿ壬ѾֻڼսĺȮ˹ȥżս֡
ǻӰֻȮ࣬ͿǵȮҪȻͷ㣬һս֣̿ʼͷȮ칷Ϸ˺ҧ
һ㶣˵ѵͷȮͬôֻȥĺӰǵȮͬﰡ
һֻɫĹβ칷͵ȮҪʵܶ࣬ƶĹͻȻͼּӰѾǱĶһԾֱϢͬһߵİһ㣬һӺڰ֮һʱս֣ѾԾȮͷ칷סûһĹ򣬾ͼʮֻҹѾӶ˳
ЩҹͻȻ֣ôҶһһʱҲ֪Ǻãֻ˼ҪȿƣʱֶүͻȻһԣЩǹβͺ۾ɲģЩǰ
ǣģôأ
һ˵û£һٺٵػЦǶƵش˳
ٺٺ٣˵ǰʱǺ¶أ⣬Ҳ˲ʲôϰˡ
ǻЦͼһߴĻɫӰѾһߵ˶ڴϸһһֱֻͬСţһСı뺷ǣμֱ칷ҪһȦȻţ˳촽˳֮иǺݣľս
⡭ǡ˵
һ£ǻЦٶȴһ˵ĶȻǡ
ιֻ֣ҵӵĵҰӵ£ҿǲǣ㲻ǺùҾú֪֪ʲôģеͷߡ
ǻһ䣬ʮֻΧ칷ĲǱø׺ȻֻͷȮ
ǵȮûΪԮͻȻͷĽŲøˣȻ뾡ɱ칷
ʱ칷ͻȻŶڵķݺһۣŭȵ˽˽±ֵȹҰ»ȥˣ
˽𣿹ԣʱֱӸɵƽʱù𣿡
һХǶڵķҲʱӢˬڶڴľͻǲϵıȫûб仯촽ûжһ£̫ˡ
ʱͼСԱ߸ʹ˸ɫ̧۳ǻǶӱһСֹϸĶǶأ
˳СʾķһͼǾǵĶϣȻȣһǰһ󣬿״ӦҲǵȣߴС˺ܶ࣬ǴǵıϱһֻСһֵǣ֮ǡСǡǰȺ̣ܶȺȶ̳һ롭
⡱һϽŶ̧һָǾǺˣǱαضزصģֵĳ˵
ôһ𣬴ǾǵıִһЦžͼǱǶǰھǵĶ£زȥȻͼһֻ꣬ǰޱȵſǾǵĺϣͷҺٺٻЦ
Ƕֱ̱͸ûмһϺǳò࣬Ƕǵóֱǵọ̈һ˫С۾գ˼£˸һɻĽթĿ⣬ûëȥ׵Ļǻһࡣ
ȻˣҪ֣ÿɱֵöࡣ
һⶫӣҲһ£ȻܽгұϾҲûֻ︮һЩϼп϶ѡ
ⶫбûǡǱΪ顱ı˵ʮϡУϡеܶ˶ԸĴڣǱ޼мжȡӶȺԱڱϵǡ
Ǵ︮ԿȷʵڵģȻڵ࣬ȴȺ껹ҪƻǸħ
ǰȺ̣ܶԼӳʼ޷ƶȺȺԼȣΧԼģͳΪȺ죬ȺΪ
ȵɨֻʱ򣬾ͼһЦ˵ٺ٣Щ갡ԽԽɽµֳũԽԽˣɽĿҲڿˡҰζҲȥɽµķֻ꣬ɽҰɽ򶼼ҲˣֻܶɽﹶӲдǶûа취ǾԲɽһġ
⻰š
ǵǰǼҸĴӾйôһ£ûʲôĻɽϣͻȻϵһǣѴһũҧʮֻǲǳԣҧߣڡ

Ǵ˵ǾΪɽµ˰ɽﶼ̣òˣϵɽû˳Եģǲɽⱨˡ
˵꣬̾ʵȻܾûɽˣΪʲôɽǴ죬ЩǱΪĶҲ̫˰ɣ֪˭
˵ŻһץѰ︮ץӵǾǵĽ£û뵽Ǳɨһ֮ȴЦøӲ


906 й
㲻Ҳ֪ʲôˣʲôˣ춼޼¡
˵ֳһȺΧ칷ɨһۣٶЦ˵Ȯһӵĵ̣ɽµЩ˹Ҫӵ֪֮Щ˹ȻЧңδЩ̫ˣұ֪֪˭ϴ󡭡
Ǳ˵ĹҲһֱɨͻȻһ㶣ѵ˵賿ʱ칷С˳ɽʱǸֵĺӰǡ
ûӣɽҲֻȮһµģνһɽݶǾָʤ˭ϴ󡭡
Ǳ˵ĹһȺѾ칷˲˺ۣ칷֧ҸϽȥæ֪Ҫǰ壬칷ȴһɨ˹Ƿŭص˵
ǲҪ֣Լ£
ʱˣ칷ҧزԸɿڣȻҲһս֮սȻԼȻҲףƾһôֵܵסһȺǡһֻͷȮĽ
ôţͻȻԺһû˵ͳҫڶڵıƽ˹ȥ
ͻȻ첽߽ŵöʱһǾҲ쾯
£ֻġ
ҸϽ˫֣һ߽һ΢Ц˵˵ħԳʼͱȺ궼ƻһǼ治ˡ
⻰ʲô˼
ȻǱҲҲ޶⣬Ƿ˾裬һתЦ˵ˣǲǣȰ㻹ǲҪˣɽֻΪ˽칷˽Ǻúÿ˭ϴϾͻ뿪
ⱷȻҲ˵һ仰Ȼͱ³ͼȻҲ˵һ㣬ǾľƣӦҲָˡ
Ĭһ£ֳűЦЦʣҪȥĶԶ׼ò˶ãµĲǾܽ칷ҧҲܼԼġɽˣûУ¾ƻҳҪסˣ칷ľǰһȵռɽΪ𣿡
һһڣϵıͻȻԥһ£תһ˵ˣһͶʹҪ׹̣ϾһӴڱ֧ţҲܸǣ𣿡
ڸʲô
ûҿڣСѾߵҵԣֱͦ壬׹̺ŵġߡ־ɼ
ϢôͨĻӦ֪˭ɣ
С˵ʱͼſھǱϵıһֱСɨͷţĿֶǰѻԪɡϣüͷ˵С㡭׹̵ʥŮŮ
Ȼ֪ңôҲ֪ʲôɣСʡ
ͷЦݲɵ
ĸͼƷ쵼֮µ׹̣Ѿɹ߷˼׹̷ֲڸ·ϡ
ⱷһֱɽﾹȻ֪ô࣬Ҷ⾪һ¡
ͼЦȻɽɽɽ¡еĲҰеķ޶ΪҵߣǵȻҡǲңͶѾΪʱ̫ˣ
Ҿһ˼С˵ͷ
һͶ749ֻ507԰ɣ
һЦ˵ٷѾжΧҲǷѾǧŻģΪ˻˼ֵܵȽɱȻٴǵʬȥٺ٣񲻸ã
ƾ㣿
һ⻰һסˣϾΪ֮ǰǵ㡰ͥסһ·϶Ĭüͷƽ޹ĪľͱźɵӸ̡ˣƢ˳أ÷й
һҸϽ˰ʾȱ嶯תͷֳűЦЦ˵Ͷٷ֪ЩɥĲ˿ʲô鶼óȥǣȫѰ·
˵걷Ҫػȴվ˳ɫ˵û㲻ţҿ֤507ι߼оԱоԱʵרŸЩǲ񡢻Ͷǵħޣ749507ԶмڸħΪ飬ͶϣҲΪ̨ϵʵƷ
˵ʱһֱֱضű˫ۣ仰˵ٶûжһ£ޱȵ棬Ҳѹ֣ϾЩɲΪƭģЩʵ
ֱʵͻԵȻеģɫؽ˵꣬ԾҲѾðͷĴ󺹣ȻҲѾԥ
ʼԥҸϽȴϸ룬ǰһָűΧ칷ǰ޸ˣ⻰Ӧ칷¡˵Ǵձħĸô˵йǵȮһڹ˽ô԰۸Լֵܣ
⻰ʵΪ˴ѣĿĵǰľߵҺ޵ĳ̶ȥΪ˸һ̨¡
ձһһŻһͨȻҲ֪úȥδӣΪȺ죬ֵǰֳܱԼӵһأ
Ȼ⡰̨סŸո̺ãһŭ𣺡˵Ķԣǰ޸ˣֵǣֵ칷ӣ
һ£һʱһûͷȮӦأʮֻѾȿֺؽ˵ڵһͨ˺ҧ
ٿ칷ܹһϽͶмĿ⣬ӣʱֳȮ͵˹ȥҪһѩǰܡ


907 
һ˲䣬ǵͷȮױȦҲĥأȺǸոջȫȫذôôͻȻְԷʰԼˣֵģ
ǹôȻνһȺǵİ칷ȻѾ˲֮أҲһϽֳűЦһ˵ܼʱֳǾ͵ʽ˰ɣ
ʽǺǣҰǣɲԶǣܲͬһֱȥͿľˡ
˵Ż߶µľתͳڳĶȥҸϽ׷ʣιҪȥĶ
һвֵ桭
ſھǵıϣͷҲص˵ȻѾʱվһҲΪսЩ²УǷģҺܿͻ
⻰һдϲһʱɾ˲٣ϽðϾƸǰӪȵϾˮû˱
ݰϾ˵Щȵֵͨ︮ܵı²ȾͷһܵЩӢ·սֵܣǱɳˡ˵СֶӣԱԱѹ
º󷽹ܵлǰȫϾɵΧ˵ֵǻûбȫһֱΧͨţǵĵһĿģȻҪЩֵǾȳ
˵ʱϾͻȻסҵ֣üͷ˵һ·ǳҪǧҪס֮ǰǰþͨʱǵľԮһͬĺӣȴΪȾܶˣûҵһҪһѽ
ʲôӣ
⻰Ҳɵһ㶣˵ԮǱɹԮģΪʲôźӹ
ҪʣϾȴҡҡͷΪѵ̾˿˵ˣȻ︮λȨصĸˡðӵȱʵúãϾ︮ڵ߻ܡ
߻ܣӣ
ϾƻһڣҸǾõһ˵ΪʲôӻٳΪ︮Ļأ
ʱ򣬾һֱԵС㿪˿ڣʵѵ˵Ǹƻ
С㻰һڣһλǰϾƾסգۣС㾪ʵô㣬֪Щʲô
︮߼֮һһֱ︮ŵùסϳԱʮ𶼲ȫһƻΪƻǾܵġ
С˵Ͼûв͸ǽұϰִ׹̺˵һƻһЩ׹ȡߵƬ鱨ҵҲֻ֪ƻܡ
˵СͻȻԤ׵ɨһۣ죬ٲ˵ˡ
С㣬㵹Ǽ˵ѽ
СտڲҸϽ׷ʣͼСҡҡͷɨһ۰Ͼ֮󣬷˵Ͼ㣬ƻ︮ĸûȨ֪ǲҶ´ķ
壿ү
һ£ٿϾƣѾԥص˵ͷƬ촽һֱýģ¶й¶һƵġ
ϾƵıʾСҲ˵ͷüͷҶڵʲôȷʵǱĳЩ֪ĺá
С㣬ǡǵ˵ʲôǵ˵
һ׷ʣСȴֻǰ˰˵ʣ֪ʱȻˣֻҪסһ㣬һҷͷжʱһҪעͷӡ̫־Сӡ
̫̫־
ǵģҪΣһҪҵǡ
С㻰˵һ룬ͻȻϾڣߡɱǡ
ϾƵĻôһ㵡
ֻϾۿͨ죬˫ȴڵ˸׺ݵ
ҴģҪɱҲ᲻ãҪôŴҪô˴֮Բ䵽Щʬ֯СǱʬҧˣҲҪϷʬȻĻǻ֮︮֡
𡭡֮֡
˵ʱϾƵᾹȻѾʼۿת
ûٶ˵СҲϽǴֵܷ飬װԳǰͬطʼԮ
ϾƲ˵ҲûٶʣϼһȻϣǻûϺͿ︮ôؿƿĲһұ˭
һѾԱҺС㣬ұԼһжģСȴͬ⣬ǵ˵ȶ̻ȱҶλ£ҲûƴǣϾɺܾûкɢˣ˵ˮŶѪȣǶ˵ɾһԼһ
ˮսȻúܼңҺС˳Ż谵ͨ䱸ǰ㾡û߳ԶѼϵˮнƯʮ߲ʬ壬һʬ϶︮ı־ۣ߰һСֲȱʬ廹ڵ䶯Ȼǽʬ
˵Щֵܻ︮ûбɽʬվɥĲϮǣδ־ƣǱֻܽЩʬջ٣Էһ
ջ;ʬʱмСȺʬ˹С϶ûʲôˣҪӦЩССĽʬҲʲô¡
һЩʬСҲ⳯ҽüͷʵȶ̵ģǵݵƵ߲֮С㿴ЩʬǲǱһ㽩ʬҧ˵ģǱЩˡŮ洼ƻĽʬҧˣ˵ǰ˰ʬŵħ֮ͷ䷨ȫûκεôҲûȼյʬͣЩμˡŮ洼ƻ󻹻㿴ЩʬǼֱǺʬ⡭
С˵ЩʵҲ룬ûС˵һЩˡŮ洼ƻĽʬҧ˵ˣøӵѲˡ


908 
˵۹ĻЩ齩ʬٶȶЩμˡŮ洼ƻĽʬһ룬ȷʵ٣СҪ뽫ǻΨһķǵֽţɥʧжоֱյǵ塣
ʽҪǸʱ
ۿΧҺСļֻʬҪɵͻȻ䣬һ۵ǰĹսǴ
ܵܣܣܰ
ȻǸӵһСϽѭǰȥͼʧɫСǣֻŲ·شӹսǴ˳ÿ˵Ķͷϣ̫ӡɼ
ǣ
һӳ֣־ϲȻʱͼֻʬѾ˵ı׷ɱ˳צؾѭߵķ׷˹ȥ
СһϽſɡҵǰҲע⣬ҵĲһ࣬ͰҴս֮и˳ȥֻʣԼڼֻʬİΧ֮С
ûʣС㾪еȶ̵ģ㻹ɵŸʲôȥ׷ǣ
С㣬㡭
ֻʬѵһԸˣȥһȥϡ
һҲǣСڵʵҪ⼸ֻʬȫ⣬Ҳûٶ˵Ͻͳߵķ׷˹ȥ󣬱ִСĺ
ȶ̵ģ㻹ǵþĻɣǧҪǴۡ
С㻰һڣҵĲɵسǲ۵СѣΪʲôϾƾȻҪֺ֣
ǱܣԼˣ
ҽֻʬĺһͨУֻϣǰӵעȻֻǱǰܣûзٶȣԵøӵĻżҲ£ӦΪֻʬ׷ϵԭɡ
ôһȻûӵעȴֻʬע˹ͼֻʬͻȻͣסŲתצؾͷ˹
ҲûγʹҪֻʬȻҲʲô£дѡ
ɵҽʬڵǰһȴѾ˸Ӱ١
ҸæֺǣǱ£ʬѾҽˡǿѽ
һߺһֽǰߣһ·߹ȥͼϺ˵صڷ︮˵ʬ壬ԼЩʬ䶯ʬѪȵŻʽķǱѪȾͨ죬ΪҲ̶õսͽ˼˱
ǰһ·ͨǰԵøӵĻ谵ˣɱѱ˦ԺԭԽԶȡ֮ȷʵ˸ëȻ
ûãͻȻ䣬ǰڵĽ֮Уһ΢ҵעžиӳ磬ְ֡ؼҡ
ҸϽһָһ̳ķƮ˹ȥѪһգֻģСк§һ𡢾ˮĽۣͷǶ̫ӡȴɾ
Ǳ£ǵġ
ΧûˣҾҪǰȥǣȻʱǸ΢һкͻȻ䱸سüͷսսʵ㡭Ҳɱǵ𣿡
ɱǣȻǣҲѾ˵ˣǵġ
ҳֵ΢΢һЦȻǰʱֵȴ̲סһʱǵܵҲЩŰӵĻˣһġһġ
ˣ
һʱ䣬ҾЩԶԣͼδѣΪʲô˵ֻ
һֱ׹̵ĽԺɫΪǰ׹̻̽գ︮ԺɫΪӿ˵ЩӡģȻ︮ˡ
ֻ΢һ㶵Ĺ򣬾ͼǸӸһĺͻȻܵקȾǰܣٶȾ㵣ϽֺһιǲҪܰǰϾǵģ
ħҲǡ
Ǻֻһ仰㲻ٻͷȫʼǰ񱼣һҲֻٶ׷ȥһ׷һߺӸϽͣϾˮΣķǺΣյġ
һ׷׷˼ʮԶ̧ͷһͻȻͼӾȻͣԭһҲ
Ҹæ׷ȥû˵һ첲һӸ§סߣʵô˲ˣķ֣֪Ӳǻˣ
˵ٺһЦ붺ǣȻ̧һɨȴɫ԰ףֱ͸ʲôŵʧ˻Ƶġ
ҸҪʣͻȻǸӸһĺӲſ˵㣬ûʲôԵĵط𣿡
ԣʲôԣ
ұʱɨΧһʱ䣬Ҳǡ⡱һ˲侪ס
˵ȷʵ֣׷һ·ϣ;һѪ߰ʬ壬ЩʬʬΪžͽ׵ķΧڣȴӡһ̯̯Ѫȴκһʬ塢˵һ齩ʬ⡭
ûʬ⣬ЩѪǴĶģ
ȻѪ˵Ҳ÷򶷣ôʬأ
ԽԽ֣ϽƮǰ̽·֮أѪɫ̽ڵͨյͨȻǰʮԶķΧ֮ڣֻͬѪûһʬ塢һ⣬ʮԶĵطȴѾָԭǽʬ
˵ѵﻹλ֪๤ڣʮڵķΧɨһ飿
Ȼǲܵİɣ
ʱȴСһĺѾؿڣ磬磬صң¡
£ܵܣһᱣġ
˵䣬ӵһνץһ𣬶һԣҲϽվʼسΧ
ʱһ߳ȴͻȻǵϷƮ


909 Ů
̰ȼ˵ķսƮʿͦս޾ıж
Ǹˣ׺֮ڼįŮڵ߳ӿµһ˲䣬ҵͻȻĪƽƽ֮иͻȻһǰδе
Ѫķ֮Ӧʹ˻ţӭʿһǵš
ٶȴҸϽеİȰγ̧ͷϿȥһƬʲô壬ȻǸɻڼͷϿƮɢ
ҸϽ̧뵯һϿյĺڰɸһֱ̧ۣѾ˲ˣҵ֣ȻʼؽӲ
ҡҵĸ첲
һʱн§һֵҲŵغ磬ңҵܶˣô죬ܶˡ
ܵܣţءиĶ
ֵܵľҵҲԽؽӲͷ·еѪҺѾƵģʱͻȻͼһӰӿƮȻ䣬һǺӰһأ̱仯ΪһŮ˵Ρ
˵Ůˣ˵һֻӵŮϰĹ
ӵһͷɫ糤پ±ʣθȶˣļֱ䱳һԳţɫëĳ£Եݣͽ˼欣ֱ׹䷲ʹ
⡰ʹȴϰãܲٺɫë֮⣬һ˫쳣ľצʱ˵שڵ¡
˵ĸǴ˰Ů˿з΢΢ЦţΪջעǰֵСкԼԵңʱ̧첲֡
ǣҵֻҪҵߣܵõĶ
ǰŮ΢΢֣ӵ徹ȻܿƵؿʼƶǰ
ҴʧɫȻȴܿƣ֮УֻܳЦŮŭʲôеӵı
ҵʻǰ˰Ůȫмһˣֻɲͣسӻ֣ۿӲܿƵسԼ߹ȥͻȻ촽¶̰
ιбҪƻӣ㵽Ǹʲô˵㣡
ۿԽԽҸӼغȫܿơ
ȻʱͻȻһŮұ
ɣŮɡ
ͻȻûдκεһһ¾СȻһЩסԼĽʬС̾׷ˡ
СͻȻ֣Ů˲ɫŭسС˹ȥ
ʱСһ߿ŻԪɡҡǰߣһЦ˵֮ǰͷȮͻȻ֣Ѿʼˣ㶼һ֣ЩѾ½ˡ
Сһ˵һߵҵԣҸϽʣС㣬˵ʲô
ûʲô˵ǣ507ϰȷʵĳЩɸ˵ܡ
Сնػش˵ֶү֮ǰ˵ˣͷȮĸʬʱ͸ǵоƷ׹ʱһЩʾ507֮ȹŷҽܵо⼸ʮʱ½ռħʬ걾Լ֤ݣŮɣ95507ɳĳ֧Сŷ޷ֲءмѭġ507һֱղصħʬ֮һ
˵СǰԶŮɨһԵͷ˵Դˣ׹йŮòд¼Ůɣ˵̷֮ڤԨŮħ򿦵ǵŮ
СһἰЩԺҲѾϡЩŮɣ˵ҺҲڷʱһ˵ӵĸϲڴϣԼĸջ󺽺ʹûˮĴԱ㶼ĸвͣϲͯ⡭
507ϰӦЭ飬ЩռĹʬ걾ṩ׹Ů洼ƻʵƷ
С⻰ڣѾ֪˵ЩʲôǺˣȷʵеìͷָ507ûʵĹٷȻоܴѾ׹̵һ֮ѡ
ٿŮɣСͻȻһֿ֮ʼСкҸϽС㾪С㣬ڶˣ취Ⱦǣ
ⲻ˵Ҳ֪˵ŮóøԻ˵ǣǣû뵽ô׾ͱԻסˣȻʲôֵиĺˡ
С˵ųһЦÿ£һʱҵһ죬ٿĪˡ
ʱٿͬŮԻסӣɵĲֺͺк˫ȣƶٶѾʼԽؼӿ죬ۿžҪɵʱɵ¶ֿһЦһſմѪ˿ȫ¶ǵ֮С
˫ۣϸʳָѾ̳˷ָס
ңҪȳһأ
ȳһɡ˵
С㻰һڣͬһʱֱҲǰ͵һ˦еĻԪɡʱᡱһһͳŮɵ˹ȥ
Ԫɡȥ˳Скͷ˹ȥɵȻעⲻΣͷͼŮͻȻ͵һӳȻͻĻԪɡ¶һ٣ķŭĴڿն¶
㵨ӿ治Сɽڴˣڸﻹ㲻
СüţҲ֪ŮС˼СĻûС㽫˵꣬ȻС


910 ̫ͯ
һŮӣС㵱ȻҲһ˳ƾְ̧ǴӿŮһҲ֪«ʲôҩ
ۿŮɾҪ˵ǰں濴ŶɵΪһѺȻʱȴСָͻȻ΢΢һৡһ֮ǰӳȥĻԪɡѾŮǰһֻ̣صС֮С
ŮʧɫסߣͼСǻԪɡ΢΢һΣһ̧֣еĻԪɡѾһǳٶȵŮĶϡ
ɡŮɸͬһʱ䣬Сһ߬סɡһɡ·ݺһģʱءһը죬ɫĹâ磬һѾɡըһ¾ͽŮײ˳ȥ
ŷĺŮɱײڵʮԶǽѲֻʣǻؾ
Ůһƺ֮ǰǸʩϵĪҲ˺ܶ࣬ҵ֫ʼָ֪
帴ԭĵһʱ䣬ҸϽӭɾͳȥϣܰСæȻӵŮɣСȴԵǰδеĵݣͷɨһۣҿҪ嵽ԼߣСͻȻһеɡɡҸ
С㣬
ҿվ
С䣬˵ŻһӭŮɾȥŮ˲ɱһʮС
ŮȻ׺ݣұϸһԳ򣬵֮СȴҲʾһȽɵĹѹסûĻҪɱŮȻûκѶȵġ
ȻҸһ⡱ˡ
ͼСͻȻһߴһˣ˼֮ͻȻһץȻһѾץסһӵ죬ת־ͳŮ˹ȥ
ͻҶʱһȻһʱѲ֪˵ʲôǺãٿǱСһ׳ȥĺӣʱ˿ѾȵŮɵĻУŮɾȻҲüͷ
ʱСЦһߺ̫︮ͯӣһ㡭
С˵̫ͯӡĸʱͼŮϵıзŭתΪ𾪣ͷһɨǺӶͷϵıǣû˵һͳű֮зȥ
վס
ŮҪܣȾ׷ûܳȴֱСеĻԪɡ
СֿʼңҲ̲סеŭ𣬰γȾ͵һһɡһвоȻ˸ѽѷ֡
ȶ̵ģҽ͡
ͣ㻹ʲôɽ͵ģС㣬ԭ㻹Ϊ
Խ˵ԽӻҲԽ
ȶ̵˵Ρ
ûʲôΣֻոհǺӽŮẦģ
ˣӷһ𣬲šŻẦǰ
СȻԸҽ֣ǱߴˣָҼҴҵؽ˵ȶ̵˵ӵȷʵΣǲͨĺӣǡ
С㻰û䣬ͻȻ䣬ʣµһӡꡱһһԿһĨᣬһ߿޺˵㣬ɱЩ˰ɣɱЩ˰ɣ
ѭſɨȥڿ޵ǸӰһЩСкӦǵܵܣҲ˵ոձŮץߵȻǸ硣
ǺӵĿҲһ¶˵Ҳ֣⺢ѵΪ̫СĹϵû֣СոհĸӵŮȻҪСæɱҡ
ôͳ˻ˣƴƴǣѲɻҪǲɣ
ԽԽ֣Ծ϶ҲСϽûս֣һѾͽںGʹ޵ĺӸ
ҲŹС㣬ҷǣ
һŭ̳С˹ȥȻʱͼСͻȻץסǺӺ󱳵·°ڣһҶʱס
ͼǺӵ۵ıϣֳһ˺ۺһ࣬ͷ·Űһ㡣
һЩ˺ۣܿµ˰̡
⣬⵽ǡ
һСѱǺӣؿ˵ףΪʲôô˰ɣ
ҳĬСֽ˵︮ħ˵ǶǾȿѡĻǶ˵ħİɣոսǺӸŮʱҹ˵ݣŮɵһӣҲ˺ġ
СС㣬㵽׶֪Щʲô
֮ǰСǳʱϾ˵ĶԻҸһ
ȶ̵ģЩ㻹Ǳ֪̫ĺãοҲֻ֪һѡ
СԽ£ȻԽǺϽֽ߬˫׷˵ٸӣô£˵Ӧ֪ҵƢ㲻˵ԼҲһ׷鵽׵ģ
ʣСɫԽѿüͷ̾˿˵ȶ̵ģڸ㣬ӿ㡭Ųţ
ʲʲô㣿
˲һʵ⣬ʲôϵ
֮˵Ϊӵϲһͬܡ
ʲôܣٶȾʡ

Сش˵ӵУ̺źͶͬܣͬ˼塭
㣬˼ǣӵڲ
һʣͼС˵ͷҸϽʣһǸˣȻĻ񲻾͵ڰ͸һ
ȶ̵ģûô򵥣˵еʮÿһӵвͬ;붡һƷ̫ͼһƷº͡
Сôһ˵Ҳ˵ͷʵǣӵʲôģѵ˵Ϊ︮ĸ֪ЩȨû𣿡
˵СͻȻһֽ̾üͷȶ̵ģΪʲôңôЩӵеģ


911 ʵƷ
СĻٶȰסûٿڣСֻѾֹͣĺӣٶȿ˵м︮һֱƭ㣬Ϊص׹ڣҲ֪ʵ顭
ʲʲô顭Ҿʵ
㣬Ϊ̫ͯӵĺӡǲʲô˼ǡ︮ʵƷ
⻰С⡱һϽҡҡͷ˵㣬˵ʲôС㣬ʱ㣬ɱҿЦ
ȶ̵ģ㿴ڵڸ㿪Ц𣿡
Сüͷ˵ֽ˵֪ΪʲôӻẦ︮µһ︮ǵİۣΪϵЩƣȫǱЩ۵ɵġ
С㻰˵ƿԣСֽ˵ҽҪ˵ĻܲţЩǧټƵࡣȻ㲻ͬһֱֻ׹ͼΥΥ˵ķʽƽɣΪƺǣ︮Ҳһֱڽʵ顭ʮǰɽ٣Ϻɲϧ㳲ɲֻΪν꣬ϺŶҲͬǵһʮеһԱҪ˵︮ʵ飬ʾɶġ
ʵ顭ʲôʵ顭
ˣ︮Щֹɽϡ
С̾˿ֽ˵ɽ˼һʮʦΪ׹Ϊʥļôһֱգʵֻѣһֱмѭ︮ʵĿ
˵СͷɨһۻǺӣֽ˵˵ʵ飬ʵֲͬʵ飬һһ壬ǰߣӣǺߡ
㣬˼˵ҲʵƷ
ûҲĹ׹Щռϣм¼ʾ︮չһƻʱɽٸոշ֮飬Ҫʵһʵ飬︮ȫûκεİգ׹ͻȻٽɽڲ֮еʵƻֻǰչΪʱ֮һϺΪһʵҪˣΪ˱ҲΪ˱ԼŮİȫϧðսԼŮһƷ̫ͼ϶Ϊһ˶ΪһʵеһʵƷ
ǣأ
һʻСɨ˻Ǻһۣ̾Ϣ˵ڽ֪ǣӾ︮һʵеĶʵƷ趡︮ʵƷĻɾһ֣塭
˵Сͷֽ˵ʵһʵ飬׹֪Ҳ֮٣Ͼʵ︮ڵ߼ܣ˸Щ֮⣬һ֪ľڶԥʧ٣һʵܷ˼ʱ䣬Ƿ棬ʵ϶ʵƷһֱʵ֮Уһֱʮʱ䣬Ҳ㿴ӡ
㣬˵ѱ︮ʵʮ֮ã
һ㣬㿴ϵ˺ۣӦܿó˰ɣ
СһЦ֣̿춼ղˣͻȻ˵ֱһ⣬ΪҸոյ֪Щ֮󣬱㻹Ҫ𾪣͸ѧϰڳ׹̵һԱҶȫţ¸ص︮ȻܽΥʵ飬ʵΣճ̶ȡ̶̳ȣȻǵԤƣӱĥ⸱ģڵëСֱ͵︮ǲص˸ССĹ¶룬ëС֮ô϶Ҳǲ̶㱻˵ʵƷһĥɡ
ɡǡϵʲô֮ͬΪʲôϾƻųֵزңǽɱҲУ
׹̵õ鱨ʾ̫ͯӵϸԺһԴͨĳ;ͯͯͯڵкͷţ޷صĺ
޷ص˼ǡʡ
Сȴҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ͯһֱ︮ĵƣһξȻͯҲˣȻ︮ҲѾƵ׼ͯϲʲôܣǶ̫ΣˣⳡսľƳ֮ǰǾͬʱκˡκơ
С˵ڻȻ򣬵ͷ˵ˣ︮ͽǲǣǽһͯӽδҲ̫ð˰ɣ
ֻգʤĿܣȻǱذɡ
СҲûϻǺѾ˯ȥһתͱźӳʱķȥ
ҲûæСĲһԱ
ԭ·صһ·ϣƽڼʱʱͼһֻֻͻǼһﵹǰǲСæ
ǻص֮ǰʹҷֿĵطʱϾԭصȺˣһǴһӣϽӭ˹С㻳ӹ֮һʳʶ̡
Сûж˵ʲôֻûзһӵӰͲݲˣҲûжʲô
Ͼ·ʱҺСѾͳһ̫ͯʱãϾϾ︮ˣ¹︮ʵ飬֪ҲʲʲôԼװȫ֪顢Լڰеá
󣬰ϾƽǴ˸ǰһˮڣͼһȺˮǽϵһǶȻڳģЩ˵ȫĵطȥ
õ˿ƣҲ˲٣ʰϾ˵壬ôϮϮǵǽʬ׹̵Ľڣ
һ꣬Ͼҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ǣϮǵġ749ָӲӡ


912 ָӲ
ϾƻһڣңһԵС㡢ľºεȫס
һʱҸϽ˹׷ѯʰϾƣһʱһƬġ
ҸϽʾҶ𳳣ּҴʵ壬˵Ǳ749Ϯģ
һʣϾ̵˵ͷûȻʹ۾ˣɻϴ749׹̵ˡ
ôȷ׹̵ָӲӣʵ
Ͼƻش˵Ϊҿǵװ֧ͨѶ豸װ䱸ǳḻӦòһ֧ͻô򵥣ֱǸƶľָӲƵġǵõʱǵͨѶʩʧ飬ֻܴžԮӵ˳룬ϣܺԼ˾ϣҲиӦĶ֪;У֧ͻȻɱ˳һֲƺûнǸϾɱ˼ҲпǵĽʬʰоֻ֣ǵ˴ɢ֮Ǿͣ˻ٺĽʬϮŽ˵
Ͼ˵ʱһֱר־ţ˵꣬Ҳüͷֹ˵ôһ˵Ҳо֧ȷʵйŹ֡
˵ҸϽһֵȡһŵͼʾϾư749ϮĴλڵͼϱǸһ̳
ͼʱһڻͻȻִϷըˮҲϰˣϾΧڳܱߵľӣһֱڶн޹Ŀغը
뵽ͻȻ⡱һԾؾס
վĻ˵ֻ豸749Ӿڸʱ˿̾Ҫ룬ҲӦòᶯô죬Ͼжѱʬս֣ΪˡŮ洼ƻʵ鳡أ԰ɡ
ͻȻڣһԼͷֳŵͼһָ˵ǾˣվĻ˵֧װִͨѶ豸Ȼһ㣬Ϊʲôܱ߲ӻȫȻǵһäĿڻأڻѾ׷ôãѵͲʧըԼˣ
⻰˵꣬ҸĬɵĿ׷׳˹
ɨһۣ΢΢һЦڵͼϰϾƱǳľԮϮλã˵ˣ749һ壬һͱǸˣ
˵ŻҾͼͳڳĶȥҸϽСһʵȶ̵ģ㵽׷ʲô
𼱣Ҫ֤ʵһ£һǵ˵ϣˡ
ڵĶˮֱͨ滷ǽܲ͸棬һҲôһ¶ֱʬΧˡ
˶ȳˮصûҩըڳĶЩʬ˳Ŷ
ȷΧ㰲ȫ֮ҸϽڼֶүխZ۵ȸɲİ£Ϊҷ
νķʵ޷ֻ¿һǾҵ԰ȫĵطڶǾѰʧɢֵ︮ǣԱͳһ߹ͬǿС
ϰ׵֮ҸϽ߬ŵͼǲ̵Ķ¥¥ϣյͼϱǵλãѭǾԮϮ̳˹ȥ
ʱͼС㡢Լֶү˶ѾһһݶҲסسԶСʵȶ̵ģ㵽׷ʲô
ĹԶּصѱڻը˻ҳڼ䡢ԮϮλһը̧һָЦ˵ǿըûκεĹĿ꣬ʵйѭġ
һһڣҶסЦ˵ϸԾС749ϮصΪģոһըö׵ĵطըģôһαըĵص㣬ӦõϷ
˵ŻһָȻָոճϷָȥءһը촫ϷһƬȻը˻
ҿ棬ȫסҸгˣֳõĶϷָһ£ûãһը촫ĻѾָһ¥ը˻
Ϊʲôǡ
ͽ򡣡
һش˵ϸȻÿıըмλáǸ̳ľ붼ԶһɶΪġΧʼģըΪĿĵըЩʬΪ˱
ʲô
ǵָӲ
гػش˵֮ǰһһֱڻɣѵ˵749ôĺͽаΧ֮ȫȻʵ֤ҵĿȷģ749ָӲûг⣬һֱڳλ̳֮С
ҳԶȫδըȾָ̳һָ˶˹
Ͼһ֣Ȼ˵ˣֲõʱǾʱ749ĲӻͻȻҪǣû׷һ򾡡ڱָӲ
749ָӲǸָӹٷжġά˹Ҳʱȥˡ
̾˿еİյøɨһֵǣһҲѾĦȭȻˡά˹Ѿ˾˵ҵά˹ڽⳡսսֱԽ͹ˡ
ȶ̵ģô
СɨһۣͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼ749ָӲλ㷢ֵģҪץ749ָӹά˹ǿɱԶʳ׹̣ҲҪһš
С㻰һڣΡľ¡Լ̿첽ߵСһĦȭѾװ
ȻСӲʵ˼ҶףһȺбĳ£Ͼ󲿷˶ѾˣԼڵݣֲ˵ǵæֵ︮ǵĻɣֻô˵ˡ
СҪæҵȻţϽŴ¥ֳ֮ԼһֵһΪ


913 Ŀ꣺̳
һϵеļսӡδҲ֮ǰָ︮Ӵ¥ǰֻ޽սҲ֪ôˡ
±Ҳ˺ۣ۵վҪվˣȻ˱ļ룬ʧսòϣխZۡԼͽܳޱ︮ԮѾĿǰ︮һĺսˡ
Ĭһ֮ҳżֶү˵үխZ۴ȫԱ˵һȫطȥУҵӵˣǿԼֵܣҲܶǲܡ
˵ֶ꣬үϽ˵ͷûҼ˵ȴͻȻüͷ˵أСȥ
Ȼȥ749ܲһ䣬λٿȫֵġά˹ڹȥͶء
΢΢һЦɻû˵꣬㡢խZ۵˾̳ҪֹңСҲֳ˼֣̿ϾǽԵģп749ٷвһսеָӲûϸļƻǿ֧ԮǾȥˣҲֻǼʯͷѡ
һҶףҵȻҲףΪôһȺŸով·ġбһĶǵ֮У
ο
ɨһ۾ڽǼʮսľľ֮Ů٣Ѿŵ˵ˡ
ɣ˵ģǵˣڹƶѾʬ⣬Ŀĵڷεš
ǲЩ˲ܣ
ҳЩ޹ľһֳָżֶүŭүڿɲµʱǵĵ֮ǾҵҴߣҽǴȫĵطȥά˹飬Ҿͺˡ
СһȥĻ⡭
ȻǲһжʱͼһСӰȺ֮˳Ƕ㡣
С磬Ҹһȥ
㻰һڣ˸һһؾҪվһȥȥ749ˣȻô޸֮վҪǵıۿŴһһվ̬ѹƲסŭ𣬾ͺ
һ𣬴ǰ˲٣Ҳûٶĥʱ䣬˵һƻ֮󣬾˴ҴҸ𣬴СԼΡֵˣ˵Ŀ뿪ʱݵ㡣
ûٽڵĶصǰУϾΧĽʬѾʱʱըڻըÿҪ֡Ȼ749ҪĽЩʬԼ£żǻĽʬƿǼ˵ҲѾȫûκεΣˡ
һǰߣһ߳СʵС㣬ʵɲظģٺð£˵ԷһֻԼһˣ͸ֱ̧ӽȥˡ
һ㣬ٺð£ҲվҪΪаɣ
˵ʱС㳯Ե΢΢һЦͼΡľԼȻ϶˺ۣȻһĨɫ
Ҫ̳ʱС֮£ʦԼֶ뿪ֻʣҺС˲糯̳ſ˹ȥ
̳ܴ󣬿յģǼΧѾڻը÷أ̳ȴãΪ̫áÿζɹڻ¶һ٣ֻ˵˹ڱô챻ݻ١
ߵ̳ǰĿյϣ̧ͷǰ̳ȥΧѻȸȫоκεķ紵ݶȻǿҺëһ鴰ڷⲣĺ棬ѾԸоɱ˳Ŵ
ҵ˼ҲҪʲôıƻ֮ģѾȷ749ָӲֻҪӻţӾֱӰ׳죬ɱɱͺãȻûߵſڣСʹһͻȻקסҵ֣ЦЦ˵ȶ̵ģòɱȥɣ
Ȼأ
ЦЦ˵ѵҪȸĴк룿
кǲ˻ġ
ۿǰ̨׾̳תſˣû䣬СͻȻһѾ߬סҵĸ첲ûҷӦק͵һͳһ˵ڵء
ұСקһͷڵأûŪѾͷҪʲôأͻȻᡱһһӰ˲ͷϿջ˹ȥǲ֪ʱʼķѾһͷ̳ײ˸顭
ϸһıϻŸСŮӰΣһͷײ̳ͬһʱ䣬ͼѾӷıһԾ£ûվȣ˫ѾڵϺݺݵ˼£ſʼӡ䡭
ͻһʶϮΧĴ֮һ͵ػ࣬Ȼ̳ľѳǿ˻𣬼ƲҸæһۣէֵͬʱһԲѪɫѾֱΣҺС
ȻֶƱס壬ڶԷҵǹ֮£ҪͻΧȥȻҲף֮һ취һ߳С㾪С㣬ļƻ𣿡
⻹ǣǲǡ
СһЦ˵ͻȻ̧ʱķһָҿһ̾סͼ֮Уһʯӵƴһһɵı꼴Ϯ
ҲɵһϽʵε
С˵ͷ˵ŵǵسһۣͼκͷҲѾʼڽ̻Ի͵ֱ̳ƷľˣŰԶǹǷɨš
ۿһȺԽԽڹ̨κͷȻò˶þͻᱻץסȻʱһӰзɹʯѾ̳Ĳţһҽ˴
һʯǵڴײҸҪû壬СȴͻȻסң΢΢һЦ˵ȶ̵ģǻﾡסԷĻ飬ɾͽˡ


914 Ů
ʲô
ҶûС⻰˼ȴ֪Ķð˳ͻȻӺסҵ˫֣Ӷ˫ͬʱȻקҰεضֱֱ߿ա
ҷͬʱСһԾ𣬾ͰҵһȸקסžҲɵ˿С
һ̳ΧڵĻּسڵλ׼˹ʼ
ȶ̵ģǣ
С˵ʱֻûһзɵĳҲٿС㣬ǹֵһſеĻԪɡűɡſͼһѾ͵س¥ϵĲ˹ȥһʱһը죬¥¥㲣Ѿ÷顣
СҲûţۿǹֶײöᣬСͻȻֳ΢΢һЦ˵ȶ̵ģȻ749ѡڳָӣҲҪȫԱ̬չҲά˹Ӧһ㣬ͽˡǣΪ˵Ļ
û£ͻȻСץҽ־Ȼ˿ͬһƬҶһǹֵӿ׹
ΪɫлԪɡıһſŲӵҪҲǼ׵£СҲûиʱ˦һɫЩ˵¥㴰Сžը
С㡢εƴĲ˳̵ҾϷɣ̳¥㲻ߣһ߲㣬Ȼûȵ¥ֵѾԲ֧
ɽҧƴȶ򣬼߿յ;мŲ۵ӵļϡ˼öɼǵѪȴȫӣ߶һ
¥¥ۿųҾҪӽ¥ÿһ㴰ǹѾԽ⿴̳ֱ͸פһ֧ȫװĲƵġ
ȻҲʶ¾ƵΣԣȶϷʱͻȻҺιСӣҴԶˣҵϽȻĻ¡
ֻû˵꣬һӵ˳ܵķ϶ƫ˳ŶƵķ϶˽ȥءһ͹˳ֵؿ֮С
ʹϮ۵óֲһһӦ̻ζγб·Ĵһˡ
ǡڡ
ͻȻһŭ˵˫͵ǰһΣѾڸͬʱҳǰĲ˦˹ȥ
ɿֵͬһʱ䣬һײһ¥һڵͬʱԼҲѾײϷ¥Ĵ֮УҲû˶
ҸһظϽ˸վͼסǹҲѾǹֳҵת˹Ҹæܵסӵ˳һΰȣѽֱģǹ־ڵء
ȻȻɹ˷ְӽʱϾвǹֿ˸ţҸչ۲һ·Ѿһ󼤵ؽŲͺȻǹѾѶ˹
ԷȻͨˣϾ˶ڣǶڷҵȻûкô뵽ǹŵĹҸϽſ͵ػһ°ȣһʱͼŰŰ塰ءһͱҵúһȺǹֶǱص˵ϡ
ЩǹֻûҸæܳ䣬խȹȣһʱǽƤҷƵЩǹֶ
ֲħҵȻҲº֣ǾЩǹƹȥϽ¥
Ķ֪ܵתǣͻȻתǺ߳һȣȴסҵȥ·
ֱֳ͵һʮ㣬ҸϽֻ̧첲мܣȻ׼ǱԷһߵ󵹴ܳ˺ü
ûȲڹսǴֳһȺǹѾֶ׷һǹͿʼвҷҹͶģΨһҵģҲֻиոǷһȵˡ
ʱζԼȵ״ֱܷóŮ˵ɣ749ָӲﻹԻѵ˵
һתһȺǹڱҽУûֻתǺЦЦ˵ѵ749εжָӣά˹
룬ˡ
ͻȻһЦЦһīɫ۵ŮӰѾŤŤشתǺ˳۵Ŀ߶Ⱦܿóոһžɡ
Ů˵޳߹ʱһҡһڵģ͸һݵȣһֱץһȣԼϣֻܿһ۾Ĳλȫ
Ƕ۾㹻ĵûˣȻǼ򵥽ɫ
֮ǰȻһֱӲͷƤƴƴһŮҡ߽ҵĲɵĶУŮ̬ٳ֮Уƺ˼ϤУƺʲôطƵġ
ҵӡ֮УΨһдáܺõ̶ֳȵģһֱ֮һķ֮⣬Ǿûˡ
Щ֪ʱͼŮͻȻ̧һֻ˰˵£ǵĵӿ治Сλά˹Ůʿ붼벻ĹͣôôԴ
˵ʱһֻɽץȣǰûŲһڣЩǹֻ͹ԹԵطǹҴһˡ
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôһ㡭
ϸŮϡɨһ̲ס˵Ϊʲôһ㡭Ϥ
ǺǣЩˣڨĻԽԽˡ˵ҲûдȷʵϤء
Ů˽ЦŰ˰֣Ȼû䣬ϵЦȴͻȻһֱסϵҲڽŲ


915 
ǽĵŮ˽סյŲȫ¶ҵǰעĿģ촽ϵһȦ
ĺӡ
ȵȣŮΪʲôкӣ
һɨǺ磬ĵһӦǶģϸһŴŹЦףǡ⡱һͬ׸Ƶġ
⡭ⲻܡ㡭Ѿˡ
ҽͰͿڣȻһֱڹ򶨣̲סôأôܻš
Ů˾Ȼǡ麣
ܡܵġ
ҡͷһĻž֣ǹŹֵŮ˾ôЦЦһ𣬸Ǹһɭĸо
ܵġܵġ
֮УŰǰĴһսĻҲ½½Ժ֮и˳
ǵõʱѾΪë麣٣ֻʣһԴǹؽõĵٺĽʬΧɽ壬Ҳ͹˲ˣ֮Ҳû麣Ϣ
Ĵһս֮صظʹûڵ﷢麣õĴȴǷ񶨵ģһֱΪһǱĽʬʳʣˣϾʱֻʣһԴڹϣܶܲ
ҵԲ۾˵麣ͻȻһЦּ̧侹ȻסԼʵظ£Цôڱ⸱ģһܾȰɡ
㡭麣
ٰΪ˼ұˣѵͲʶ˼𣿡麣һЦ˵ʱۣҲһ¡
ôᡭ
Ǻǣ˵屾Ͳҵģһֻʬġ
˵麣ͻȻ׹¶һ˵ģ⸱ģȫǰ͡
׹һ֣麣Ҳ޵öҺݺҧֽ˵ǰҹõĵﲻܣһȺʬȥЩҳԵֻһԴѣܶܲ
ҲҾò˼ĵط麣ôӵģ
ٺ٣о仰޾֮·麣һߵƾҲȫʱһȺʬΧҾҪҷʳõĺëôô׾ͱɱҳһڵסһֻʬĲӣҧľ׵
˵麣̧ܷܷ֣ץסԼ۸߸ߵĲһ¶İ𪲱ϣ¶һȦõ˰ͷ壬ǴӲӵĲλӲƴһһ
ûӲƴһġ
Ҿ֮ʣ麣Ц˵ҧǽʬԴ֮󣬾ǿռ壬ʬȺһ˳ȥŵԱ
˵һ룬麣ɫͻȻѿǿڶŭһ㣬ֶݺݵ˵ȻΪЩ쵰ȴʧȥһУʧȥ壬ʧȥˣʧȥ˴Ŀ꣡һʱһֱزҼˣòײŽϤʬ壬ָЩԪٺڵϰ塭
ϰ壿Ҿʡ
麣ȴҡҡͷһЦ˵˵ҵ˸˼ƵģҶûκϢ£Ѿ˰ɡˣҲŻϰ壬ڰ칫żء
˵麣ͻȻԱһ˸롱Ķ֮󣬲˵ĵĻ
˵껰麣תߣͷûٻһ£ϾҲΨһѡ
ˣҲֻһһˣ麣¥һ·ϣȴһֱڲͣشġ
麣СӹƶˣΪʲôֻ749һ
Ȼ749ܹϰ˵ĳвܲ˵ѪҲͲ޵ˡ
һһ߸麣¥ߣ¥һɨȴûз֮ǰײһĳֵټȻӦͱ749ץ˱ȥŶԡ
麣ҴȾͷһǰڷϿ˼֮󣬾洫һŮ
һӦ麣Źƿ˻ҵĴţȷŸһƿһɰ̾˳ŷð˳ʱǺȳ
˻һͼǿտյĻƣֱͬɾһ㣬ǰſڵλðһԲεĻʮװװŮŮֱطңһɫ˵ҲĿʱʱɨڻмλϡǸźɫװŮˡ
Ů˴ʮģһֱڵͷר־طļﻹһ̡
ӰߵѾͷ̻ҸȻһֽ족ΪһƬɾġ
麣߽ȥʱŮû˵û̧ͷһֻۣǶֱߵһڽһڵس̣úףһֱ麣Ҵǰ֮Ůؿ˿ڡ
Ļȿɣһû⡭
Ů⻰һڣΣŮŮصͻȻͼһٽüͷվŮʵ٣⣡ô׵һУһӣѵͲΪϲ𣿡

ǾٻһڣŮüɨһۣЦЦ˵ϵ飬Զ濪й⣬Ӱӣи̣ͳÿ˵ϣÿҪ˵ʲôǶǲٿز˵ġ
˵ͻȻ˸ָ¼˵ȻǿƲÿ˵죬ǿԶǱ죬һ˰ˣ
Ů⻰˵赭дֱڿЦһȻΧŸɲһȴһŵɫ԰ײ֪룬ﶼһ£Ů˵ǿǿüֱ¡


916 
һڣľ˲ƿԣԭԵЩ֪
ŮЦЦ˰ʾǾ£ָշ£ͼһ˴ѾӻԱƹһͳ
麣һӭȥнӹͳֺСƵŮ˵ԣƿϵĸ裬ŵһ͵⡣
麣еʱŮڳɨһۣЦʵ︮θ
Ů΢Цһڣһѹȸ˲ҹ򶨵ص˵ͷ˵749жָӡά˹
һʣŮ˾Цһ£ά˹жĴŶѣвжӵֱָȨսȨĸɲԱ֮Ϊά˹ȻˣҪָһ˵ĻҲǿԵġ
ǣҧĽֵġ
һЦһʣҿɲܡά˹һ˻һȺˣֻ֪ά˹񻰴˵ӦŰŮŶԣЩصǵȴȫֻΪ˳޺ͻ𡭡
ûлûгޣִӺζأ
Ů΢΢һЦֳ˿֮󣬲赭дЦ˵ʵ¹׻ɵģЩħĲθôѾأ֮սһõӣ749ʲôǲһƶѣǵ︮ǵھװСÿһֻʬ޷𣬶ǴڵĿģֻǰħʵ֮ĵڼѣһֱǶڲͣάݡѹһֱΪЩħ˲ƨɣ㲻òϵġһΣǵ¨ӱϾͱ̫ˡ
Ů˵Ĺ麣Ѿк˵⣬һŵСϣ˫͵Ů˵ǰ
ƺ˵ʱĹϵŮ˵΢΢һ£̵ָһ̻˵ϣ麣һϽ͹ȥĵֶЦ˵ʵڱǸϰ壬ˣҰ㻻һµġ
֪Ůһ֣ȴմ̻ҵĵֶ˻ԼǰЦ˵ûϵֻһ̻Ҷѡ
Ů˱˵ָϵ̻ȥһƣǵ˳Źͳһ˹һֱıԵͣ
Ůֽ˵ȻˣһԵ㶫ɣ콫һոʱĿʼȻֵǺúõףһ
˵ųǰǿ鵰ɨһۣЦ˵ˣĵطӵĵطǺõģϾǽССһ̻Ҷѣ˴ţҸΪĶȥȻ
˵ͻȻһ֧װͷ̻Ҹץһ˦־ҡ
³ͻȻ˶ס̻Ҹڿлһ֮ȴھǰһϡžһը˻һ̻ƫԱǿ͵ϣ˺һ㰹࡭
Ȼأ
ûҷӦŮѾٶЦſڣ˵ʱȴϣؼ
֮ǰ֮սǽһɽկǧΪ֪ħ۸ĶΪҵػߣ749ֶΪƺĿֻţԼ޷Ԥϵĺȴһδα䱾֪ôڵľ桭
Ů˵һָǰճͷ̻ҵĵ⣬ֽ˵鵰µһֻССණȻԸΪħϤƺ󣬵ȴǧٿףǸ޷ʰ޷ճôֻѡ鵰⣬һӵ
Ů˵дһݵϣ˵ʱҵҲԽسһֱǿĵ⿴
ûҲ廰Ůֵ˸̣Ц˵֪Ҫ˵ʲôܻ˵֮һ棬ȫģֺαΪһǨŭ︮ħأ׼ôҵĻھͿԸ𰸡
Ů˵ִӲͳץһ鵰һ£аȵЦһС鵰ˣҿӵⲢ󲿷ֵܴӴ˰ȫҲûбȾĿԣΪණһֱΧġ
˵䣬Ů˷һۣǿֻһµĵ⣬ѡžһ¿ͷ̻ҸϣŮ˿ûһֱۣӻӶһɨ̻ҸѾһ벦ڵء
һֱϰڵⱻȾȥȹȴһֱ˵⽥ȾԴͷ
˵Ů˳ۣЦʣ˵ô࣬Ӧҵ˼ɣ
ĬĬףȫŮǿƵ޷԰Ρ
ħ硭
νħ磬ĲأҲ鵰ȾԴ
ŮЦ˵׹Ҳá︮ҲգνĵŷɽЩ˵ĴڣǸ޷ƺԼģҪȻĻҲǳôˡȻĴǲʹģϾܽһ򾡵Ļɲ࣬Ǳúϧ͵С
˵߽ڳȥΧһƬǽ壬ڻʱʱΧƺһŨѪȡ
Ů˲˵ԭҲѾƿԡ
Ů˵ʱû̫ı仯ͷ·赭дƵģÿһ仰ɶҰĲɱ
Ĭһ֮ŮͻȻֻعͷ΢Ц˵ȻѾҲʵǣһϲѾ´︮׹̣㻹ħйصκˣڴһսбĨɱӴ֮ħ硭


917 㵽
Ů˵ҰҴһСڳĻҲɻᱻЩĻһɡ
ӻ˵ɫȻ⻰˵Цģѿʼʵʩˡ
ά˹ˡ
̲סһ˵Ϊħ磬Ŀ̫ƽ𣿡
ҿɲҵԺ󲻻ٳǹٷ޷Ƶɡ
Ůʼ磬Ц˵ΣĿǰħ̬ȺͲȡֶΣʵ֤ǰһֱɳ¹ħ˽йͨȫǸ̫ˣҲΪƺŵһսֳ֮޷ʰľ桭֪֪ȫмʮҡ˫۾ضһһ֪֪ѾŬȥýϢϢǲֶߣ̶̼Сʱ֮ڣ˵۱׵߸ر𣬶¼࣬Ѿȫڸǡ
ⲻǵĴ
ͼ粵ȻŸһڣŮ͵ָ̧סңŭˣǵĴħĴһûνħ磬νĵţνʿҲͲ׹̺︮޷Ƶľ棡жٶˣȫΪǶ
Ů˵ŭٶȳĬǰʱ׼ӵĻ׼λѪ749ָӹ٣û˵䣬ȻѾѵֻʣĵΡ
ʵףĳϣŮ˵Ĳûдףħһгޡʼ㡣
ʱŮһЦֽ˵ûг׵ʧأȻϰ˵ȷʵЩ̣˻ܽЩħһ򾡵ĻȻǺܻġ֮԰ָӲѾʧصĳΪ˼︮Լ׹̵һһֻҪ︮׹̵ĺԸɲǻطֲħϵһԴԴϵظԮʱֻҪƣò˶ãٺ٣ħҲˡһеԶĺƽͰ
Ů˵ֽĿ⳯ɨЦЦ˵㣬ҼȻԸ㣬ȻҲ᲻һ·ߡ
⻰ʲô˼üͷʵ
ûά˹ش𣬾ͼ麣ѾŤƨɶſ鵰⳯˹ǰĻ֮Ц˵СϰΪǰֵҿҪȰһ䣬ʶ̧ѽ
ôʡ
ܼ򵥣Ҫձ︮
ά˹ٶȿڣڴһЦǵĵʾ︮ȫصķֲмʮ֮࣬βܣ︮ĸȻȨ︮ҪΪг︮зֲλϢԴЧ749︮Ա749ͳһ䡭
Ҳɵصۣݺʵˣ̲︮
Ǻǣ˵̲δ̫ˣ׼ȷ˵ͳһ滮
ά˹Ц˵̫︮ǿˣǿԶ749ܿƵķΧվǹٷţȻʱ䲻̶̼ʮ꣬ҡǵĴھ㹻ˣִ︮ħ壬ȫûдڵıҪԣ˵ֻܰҵĻϾȫûи̸еĳ롭
˵Żά˹ͻȻ֣תһָ˵㿴˭
һ˵ҸϽߵڣ˳ָķ򳯴ȥ˲侪ס
̳ĿյǰʿѾǹк˶飬֡廨ж֮ǰ缴ִǹ̷
˲Զĵطͼ˵СԻԪɡס棬ϥڵϣƺվֱӵѾʹˣɡȴɽ߬ŲԸɿ
棬۶ˣʱά˹һۣά˹ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻǵġвѡ
ά˹һЦ˵ҵָӲǼëͷСӾ㹥ƵģŶûУôҼָȫأ֮СŮѺͼֵܶѾҵֻѡӦҵĻǶ
ά˹赭дһ㣬ȴ絶һҵѡ
ԥһ£ά˹ͻȻסҵĸ첲ܵþ͸ƵģһЦָ֮Զս˵ֻǣ︮ÿսˣҲһͷͿԾÿ˵ħĸѳɶ֣︮лΪΨһҴߣֻһΣǧҪúϧŶ
Ȼƻգά˹ȫ޷ܾġ
Ĭһ£ʣҴӦǵҪôеϰܻܲȣ
ܡ
Ҹո꣬ά˹Ѹɴؿ˿ڣ΢΢һЦ˵ľѾʧأҪֹЩ׹̽ʬӣЧķͬһ֮
⻰ҵ˵ͷڣҲ˵Ҵ𲻴ӦҪǧ괫еħ硢ԼУԴ˻һ
ûά˹Цŵ˵ͷ
һЦҲЦˣʣά˹֪֪︮ٶ֮ʲô
һ˵ά˹һ£˵ΪΪаұϳаħǣۺʱεءжնһУа޶á
˵ʱͼά˹ЦͻȻϽӲסûӦһ̧һסĲӡ
ǵǿԷǲ᣻ǵаǿԲǸᣡ︮ѭκ˵֮£뿪սǲǣ︮㵽ף


918 ޹
ģ֪֪Լʲô
ѾһѶס˲ӣά˹ıȴɿ˿Ŀ־壬ǱΧߵĸɲѾʧ͸һ˺ά˹һһƵġ
ٿ麣һͻȻ֣ȻҲˣʱɫһϽ˵Сǧܳ嶯ϰǸͨˣҪɱ׵úܣϰģѵҪȻΪУ
麣һڣﲻҲһ£ȷʵά˹ĺ̨749֣749ֵĺ̨ɲҲϸǡ
˵︮һֱħУ֪ΪٷЧǵԼһֱڵģҪȻĻĸ￪︮Ҳһֱĺ749иֺˣϾǳԱʡ֣Ƕħ˽֪źų749֡507͸Ӥһ㣬֮ԿԸ߸ϵԼֻ︮򱳺޷ĺ̨ʵ̫ǿӲˣ︮һֱòǼ֡
ͻȻԥһ£סӵά˹ͻȻ΢΢һЦҧضݺݵض˵ԭΪ︮ĸһǸ˼ˣû뵽ô³çɱңٺ٣ðɱңǵļƻɲֹͣǵоЩŻħȫΪֲӣǶù죬ӵĺǣҲһᱻǵץж˿顭
˵ʱά˹һЦֱ͸Ƶģ麣Ȼ˵ķһά˹Ŀ֮ʸǼҵķŭŵϽǰһҡȰ˵Сֵܣǧ嶯ȻϰĻ˵Щ֣Ǿ䶼ʵϸ룬ǰ︮ԪĹ𣬿ʲôֻǸǷŶѣ749ձ࣬͵֣ԺάνǻӵӦ֣ǲӦҪĻ
麣һ£ʣӦ
Ӧ˶һ
麣üͷ˵Сú룬ڱ־棬ֻΪħ缸֯ϵڲɵģֻǣ˶ѴЩСɷǡħϣ749Ǹһݣǲץסᣬֻ749507ȫȫ¼󣬶һʱվǣʱǾǹ󣬸޴Բٶ︮Ϊ˺ɱĿֲ֯ǣЦ󷽡
˵ʱ麣ĽƻĿ⼸͵͵Զ׼һΪ˹۲Լ˵ʱҵı仯ڶڳûѰҵҲϣڵһʱ佫ά˹ȳ
Ȼ麣Ÿո£ͻȻ䣬һЦͷϿմЦһ˶סϽŵص
ʱһŮͻȻӿƮ
ȶ̵ģ㼸仰òͰס˰ɣ
һҾСȴֻˣûȷҵСڵλãСٶȿڣףЩνĹٷû٣İ︮ٶĿľӪΪУ룬ɵͷɵȶ̵ıӦǵҪֵ︮ҲӦңΪһ︮ԱͬҲӦ
û䣬ͻȻءһ죬ǽǴ컨ϵĿյڴͻȻըһɫһ鷿˲С㽿СӰѴӷ£ֳֻԪɡ˵ϡ
ôܡ
֮ǰ¥¿յϼŵС㣬ͻȻ侹Ȼ̳߲İ칫֣˲䶼һҲЮŵά˹
֮ά˹ϽѵزͷȥڿЦЦ˵㲻ÿˣС㱾Ǽٵġ
΢΢һЦɨһС˵ľ¶԰ɣֲһֱû¶棬ԭһֱģ㣬ڷһγ̳ʱѾһȥ˰ɡ
ٺ٣ľԴ췴Ӧõǲ
С΢΢һЦ˵ŻıͳڵĴ𾪵ά˹ЦСӰ̫嶯ˣһ̸УɲģҲ͵͵ոˣô벻ɣ
˵ŻСͻȻһ첲ά˹ͷϺݺһ£ǰʮŮŭݣȻڱסһʱȻҲҶһ£ֻܽҧǿŭ
ʱСֻЦ˵ά˹С㣬֮ǰȶ̵˵һйĵطͻӰħаĻ̥ĶˣﶼΪֻҪħܳ׵ĳʹˣħȷµĸԴڴˣġϲ⣬ħ˻ħĿɲħˣ˶ڣ㣬Ҫθأ
С˵ʱͼά˹ҧزСɨһ֮˵˵ʵڵģڿûȨ︮ѡȶ̵ģһжԼ
ҡѾ˾ˡ
΢΢һЦʱ麣һԸϽȰСֵܣǧܳ嶯ٺú룡
㲻ҪҵҪô
Ŀ麣ΧһȺɲǵȰͻţЮסά˹ȴͻȻźһЦ
翹ǲǣðǾҿ︮ʲô£ΪҲ֪︮Ĺ涨ֻ׼аħ֣ɱ޹ѵڻɱҲɣ
ҡ
Ӧһסά˹ӵ΢΢һһѪɫȻըءһά˹Դ˲俪˻


919 ֲ
¶еһΣһֻɢаʱҵĶᵽɤۣһɱʬʱŵû죻һɱ׹Щ뾭ѵĽڣипϾҵһζȡʻġ
ӦҵһΡɱ޹Ծأҵ΢΢һ£ۿѪͨһ˵ϣҵ黹Ǿþòƽ
һһƻɱά˹Ҳȫ˲סС㶼˵ˡ
ȡȶ̵ġ
һСڵһսսؿʵ㡭㡭ɱ
ǰġ
ɨһϵѪɨһΧסȺһЦĸλ֪ոλά˹С˵һһֱ︮Ӳɱ޹ΪǱʿ򡭡ٶ꣬ͷ­ѪȱΪȲɥħа֣֮û֪֡û֪ĴڣЩѪĲʲôǲ︮Ķ飬񷴵ǽ︮Ϊ˿ֲ֯ǣǿЦǺãȻǲһϵħ︮ڣǺã쿪ʼǼʶʶʲôĲġֲ֯
һŭּ̧һȭһ
ΧڻȻ749507Լ߲㣬һѰͨˣĶܽסĿըһĹһ㿪ϮŮŮѱըõڵ
СƺȫûʶһͻȻҲһһͼѾɷͳǹҪңŵСϽһſԪɡסӵסҵһˣײڲ˳
ȶ̵ģǲǣ
Ӹ߿׹ʱСͻȻһʣʻʱӳĻҲʼһŭͺУƬ֮䣬̳ľ嶼ʼءСǹֵ˲ΧгҺСײ˹
ΣͷĶ˵ϻشСĻæһסСһһΣһź⣬ٶȴֱϳͣΪǵסΧӵ
һҺСӿˤյŵķ˴ʧɫͻȻһŭ𣺡ֵǣƴˣ
ǻβͻȻתΪһŭ𣬰ŭֱһ˺۵İɫٶſһͬľӰ˰ϵӡ
ֲŸոһɳ죬һֱķҲһʱӭͷײǰһʿûЩʿתǹڳѾȱһͷײҷ
յһңκľҲæս֮Уһʱ䵹Ϊ˲ٵǹ𣬵Ӹ¥ǹֵȴԽԽңô֣Ҫ749ʱָӲǼ׵顭
ʱΧдǹͻȻȻֹ⵹Ҳɵؾһ£ûȷӦͻȻৡһһӰѴӸ߿֮һܶ£ҺС㿴壬ӰһצһСĲӽ߬ס׺ݵسŵȥֱԷס˲ʱҲڿ壬Ӹ߿շģȻ麣
ֻŭȻѱǳ׼ŭͷ˳ƮȻҲɸʼ𽥱˻ɫ˫ͫҲͬѪѪģë꣬¶˱Ŀ
Сӣػ㻵ҵĺ£
˵麣ѾҺСֱ棬ۿС󱳾ҪأһʱҪѿ麣ȻҲףΣͷСཻ˸ۿžҪʱ׷׷ת͵һģһ˲Ѫɫɫˢˢը⡰Ƽ֮ĺһСڴ麣צ˳
Ȼûվȣ麣ȴѾּ̧乥ңӶצ
С̫Ź˵ڴѾҽΨһˣһƻ
麣һŭһ͹һмһߺˣϾֻëɲǵ֮һһʽҶӲӡ
һˣһֳ麣һЦ˵Ȼ㻹ΪЧǻ쵰ĶúأУʲô
ģ㲻ʱһҲġ
˵麣ͻȻһצҵĿڣ㼰ʱҪȻĻѾָ׽̴ˡ
麣ȴ˿ϢĻᣬһ߼ǿһЦֻǾѾõòˣʱȻѾˣȻҪʲô︮׹̣쵰ȻܲͶͷ۰κξĽѾûӰˣٺ٣︮ħ磬һǶ군ˡ
˵麣ͻȻһΣû󵹴ܳ岽һںüסΣͼ̳ſѡһһ֧ȫװĶ
麣ͷɨһۣٶЦСԴɱά˹һ𣬾ѾҲ޷ͷˣΪɱһά˹ܸıѳɶֵʵˣά˹ͲһˣһƻţɱŮ˿Խά˹ҲԽά˹вж˶Խά˹ɱˡռָӲҲ޷ֹ˼ƻļУκǶ
麣һڣȻһըڳ˵̳ſڴ֮麣ͷһſڵ̨ѱըһոջжӵĶ飬˲ͱһŴӿնĴըöᡭ


920 Ȩ
ͻȻӿнµĻȻһæȻҲҲɵؾһ£ϾֵҲ̫ˡ
ûһͻȻءһ죬һŻѾ̳¥ǽը˻ըΧǽ˲ʮߣӴбըǻ˳
һҲڿǻʱĹ켣ѭŻķһͼһֻ޴ɫȹӿչʱʱҡͷԵ£Ǳʲôסһ
ʼʱǻûʲôϸһע⵽ĲϾȻſŸӰϸǺ磡ſڱϷĲϣ
ǱϷһǰһƴҡͷţƺ뽫ſڲϵĺ˦ȥƾôǸ鹷ƤҩһճϲŭıϷʢŭ֮򣬲ȻҲȫ˲ֺġ
Ϸôᵽ
ۿϷںԽԽӽ麣ʱ¶ɫȻҲ֪Ѿѵġɽһ֮
ɻûȱϷɵ̳ǰ̳ŵĴͻȻٶȴһɧ˳ſһɨȥĵذשϾͻȻݳһţͼһ׺ཱུӰͷǴһԾһ¶棬ͽԱ߾ʧײҹ
ǰɫӰĳּ֣ʮӰ漴Ӷֵ︮ǣһӶڴи749ɱһ
ۿֵɱһѪȣһɱѴΧܣ˷ķ֮ѿʼسͬһɢɳһ㽫̳Χм䣬𽥿£
ϴഩۣ︮߰ȻʧɢһЩֵѾܲ˳ɹϣǵȻٶ˺Ѫʮ㣬ûȳ嵽̳ΧѾʼʩӦС
ۿ︮ԽҲ࣬麣úݺҧҧֵЦ
Сӣ︮éֳӲʯͷ749ָӲҹĹ򣬻ǲɣ
Ǻǣǿɲô࡭
ͻȻһЦǼֶүѾŶ㡢խZۺ⼸ֵܣѴұ˹
ֶү΢΢һЦûߵǸǰֳ麣˵ֻ֪ǴѡģȻѡô۸ʲôǶΣҪǾһ򣬲۶˭ܶ︮Ǻ
˵伸ѾͣҵıխZɨһۣԾЦС⸮ֵˣ749ֶҿսһ¾ͻ˸ﲻٹذɣ
زűƵ︮Ĺر̫ˣĽܣȻҪ䣬ɴɸɾ
ҲЦЦ̲סһԼԴֺٺЦ˵СƣЩûְ־棬㲻Ұɣ
һһ䣬СƵ̴Ʈ˳
˵һ˼˱ͲøԤڵ£︮ȥδӣЩԱֻ֮Ҫģֻܷȥͺˡ
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ұȭ֣Цֳڶŭݵ麣˹ȥЦЩ︮īسɹ棬˵Щĸ˭֪ǱŪڹ֮Уǣʲô˼ȻˣǾһģӲҪ׹̣Ҫ749麣ȱҴ֮鷳ҲǵҸĹӸ仰Ǹˣתֻᰴذµ︮ѾˣΨһģһȺĸߣǽߵ£һȥúһˡ
ˣٺ٣˵ҲˣѾֻ꣬ҪѽǣǴһǡ˭ֹ
ǿδء
̳սȻһƬҲ˲ٸ麣˵ϻû䣬ͳȥǺë껹ʲôȸ׵˽˵
һҶ֣ΧΧͲסСҲ߬ŻԪɡΧ麣Ҳ麣Ѿȣëκһ˿׾ٶԸ˵ġ
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ڻٶȴһΣڻѲΧ̳Χķը죬ֱ̳Ĵ¥Ȼ749ҲѾ׷ձǵһϣ︮׹̣ڶħˣչһγ׵ϴ
ڻΧĺɱҽҵɱʼһʬעûõĹ򣬾ͼĽʬѾʼ̳¥Χ˹ͬһⳡս֮УԭµĻսһʱøһš
ȻʱյͻȻͻȻɳķɳͼӰѾɿؽɳڻɿس̳ſڡ
Сۼ⣬һɨȥʱһãϰֵˣ
СһҲѾ˵ݣȻµĻߺǿ磬˺ͱԭΪµ֣֮ǰʱ¥ոձƵʱ򣬶ôͻȻ
΢һ㶣ͼѾڷɳڸ·ɿؽ̳ĴУʱںֻʬսļֶү˱߳ҺСȥֹǣǿ϶ǱͨѶ豸ģ
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һ⻰͵һ˲˹û˵Ͻаȣûս־ͳ̳׷˽ȥ
ֶүһԾˣûһֱڰͻȻɳۏˮΪ749ͨѶ豸ġ
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921 ط
̳ٲȻѾսһţ̳Ҳֹۡ
һӭľǴ̱ǵѪζҩζԼΧϴĲҽͺɱֻ︮˳ҲãϾΪħ֮ʿԸЩͨʿһ֣ȻɱĽʬǿɲ飬һ̳̿ʼɱ¾
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749һȻǹңһǲΪһѺǿ硢˱Ͼұۣʵɼһߡ
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ĬһͻȻֻǿŭԭ˵ЩʲôҪû껹ǺӵȷʵǱСȣΪ׹ֵģɲС㣬ǵĽʮͬŮһԱѵĸǣ㡭ԭСѾˣѵҪʵƷƻһӻزͷ𣿡
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ⷿȴڣ嵽ſҸҪţһɨͻȻͼŷӰһΣ⡱һһӦǸϽһԡ
һֻһǹ˲ʹת˲ĹѱǧٿףȻ滹ŲرԱ
ҵǹûһ˺ţҶſڲɵصһ˵ԼļʱҪȻĻѾǹɨɸˡ


922 Ĺ
ͷսһţŰӭź裬ѷѽⲻɿﲻżҲ˲ϵȵǹͣһֱ۾ֻûѪɫס壬һҧһţǹͳȥ
ӵһſڶϡžһͨײҲִ˳Żסţҵ˫߬Ŷ͵سǰһƣɶʱһ˶Ķ˲ըɢһŻ⣬ӭŶһȺϾײ˹ȥ
һʱŰһҽŶſӦȫƷ˵ϡ
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һǵĶЩȻҲҺҿǹˣ԰ϵذ׵˳ʼݺˣ˵־֮⣬ֽʽҲүĵοʱҲûٴܣһʱᵹҲԲ˿Ծͺ
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һδαҴڵһδҲЩΪˣ˼Ͼʻɲһ飬ɱά˹ʱѾʶˡ
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֮Ҳ˲ϼЩȥˣһɨⷿȷͨѶ豸֮󣬸ϽΧΧȫ˿ͳȥ
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ףΪʲôÿ˶ףӿɲˣ
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ǺǣСӣܾ˶٣ԶǸ򡣡
΢ЦҡҡͷҲ΢Ц䣬߬űԭӵͻȻ΢΢һһ˲ӱԭд
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Цʱֹͣڵ̨ͨѶ豸ϵǸڳԮȡھΧǰΧϴһȱڣһǾͶ԰ȫ뿪ˡ
ȷʵǸð취
ҵͷһЦɿڣһϲϽǰ˵СҾ֪ǸˣֻҪԸʱҺұ֤
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ûѻ˵꣬ѳַ̧ųһ˲Űʧɫ֮¸Ͻ˫סţǱը˳ʮԶ
Ҫ豸ǲǣãʬϲȹȥ


923 쳣
˵һǰ͵һȭͳӭ˹ȥ
֪ˣһ£ЦҲϽסһȭԼȥּ̧侹ȻѴ֮Ͱҵȭͷ߬Уݺݶ˵СӣѵΪƾԼһ˾ס𣿡
˵ʱҵֱܹԸоеŹ䶯ȻҪҧҡ
ûǹ죬ҸϽֺһ߬ȭѾұ۵˲ȭͷը˳ءһŰ׼ʱըŹ۵˼
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˵ĹѹѹУէֵƵֱȸոտ˲٣һת˲䣬ѴƲСꡱһֱܳڵĴ


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Сƣ㵹˵ѽʲôɱ٣
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⻰ʵģȴӻСƶǹͷߵĿ˵˳
СȴҡҡͷٶȿڣԺɳݻ飬֮оϲŭ֣ն̰֮ԹԼݣ˿飬ʱԽԽңԽԽҲ˳Ҳ¯ˮˮԽڣ֮ʱ¯㱬ѣɱɱ٣п쵶ն֮⡭
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СƵĻһһ£Ȼ˵ʱҾЩˡ
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ЩҶףʮ٣ү͸ᵽЩֻ֮ҪҲپͻһαһֱҷξΪֹ𣿡
һش˵һҲף֮ǰҲ׽٣ɴδǿҵס
ĹºΪʱ޿̲ΪϵҵҲ֮ʿһơɱԭ򣬿ϵĻ֮ٵʱ䣬ʱʹ࣬Щжɱδ֮ϣɱ٣Ѿˡ
˵ŻСͻȻֳ̧һָݺ˵ǧ굤ںϿʼͲˣһֻһ·ħɱħʬҲã׹ʿҲգΪͬ˳Ӧ˲ƲãΪһֻȴɱ˲ɱ֮ˣɱ˶
С˵ʱԺһ棬ǱһƱԴѪеġά˹
ɱһξɱѿǧΪļ̳ߣһֻͻȻΪɱ޹ǧħ죬Ȼ㡭Ҫ٣ֻҪôɱӦ֮ˣɱֹɱֹɱ٣ҪôֻܻһһѭϢΪ
˼ҵǶ
һش˵ϱŵǧ֮Ҫϴˢֹ٣ֻɱ㹻֮ԲԼ
ûǧϹɱٴ󿪣ɲ׾پֲġ
С̾˿˵ȻҲ֮ǰһܡϾҲƣֻҪܶһ׻Իˣò˶ãپͻһαһθǿ㣬ߵ˶Σգʱɥ
ô˵Ҫ٣ֻ·һ
Ӧáɡ
ôɡ
˵Żվ׼ȷ˵ڻСƶĹͷվˮߣͷˮ￴ʱˮϾȻӳҵ
һ˲䣬оȻʡ
䲻ϣȷʵҲȷʵңǧֱ˴ˣͬΪһ
ңꡣ

䡪
һѴѵشڷ˽צزŵͳҺСڵλ˹
С§ҵ壬ۿ׻ȻѾԽߣĵһӦԼߣֽұ˻Լĺ󱳵˹׻𡭡
ССѽ
Χֵһ󾪺СȴϾӦۿ׻ԽԽҵͻȻָ֪û˵һѾͳסС󣬽͵һ˦Զ
ȶ̵ġ
СһӦʱѾ˦Զˤڵϣջͷһȴһըһʱ׻ŹŨŰҵǰһƬףĿ֮СѱƷɳԶ
ȶ̵ġȶ̵ġĶ
УСĺ˺ѸƺҲ𽥵ʧͷһ֪ʱѪɫս׾ȻԼҵΧûΣʱڵһ׶ĿӶΧƣսϢ
ȶ̵ģȶ̵ġ
ССô
ֵǴ˷ĺﲻԾһȣһϽӦһ
İɣӡء
һ˵һ߳ӣһͷŷ֣Լͷ֪ľԼ˼ʮ׳ԭСƽͷھһͷˡ


926 ع
Ѳӱˣ
뵽ҸϽʶץǰһͿɣһҺãеĻУеҲûࡣ
ҵͷǡ
һ˻һͷĳһãͻȻȴԼҲѾ˱仯ֱϡԼÿֱָϣƻһŹֵĺɫƣһֵһ
ҸϽŵժϵһȻ֮ǰȫ¶һѪɫĿţһû֣һԭֱֻϣôϸһ飬첲ϣϾȻŹġ
˵ѵǿ׵ɫȾȥģȻֺݺݲ˼ȴͲ
ȶ̵ģĶĶ
ոձը̳δˣȥΧһƬجج͸һƵģ̳оֵʱʱؽҼԼ𾪣Ѿȫ˲ˡ
ʱһȴһνǿг˻þ֮УþһƬޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣վһµˣͬǳ衢ͬһϮصѪսףͬܲɫģӶȴ
㡭Լ𣿡
ģͻȻڣһ£Ͻʣ˵ʲô
ΥһֱԸңȻңȴһֱԸʽԼģȻڻǷĽᣬҵҡ
Ҳ˼˭
㡣
˵䣬ͼ˵ٱ⡱һֻòȫƣΨüҶ˼Ӣңƺ˼Ʀ
ɨǰԼѾ˵ˣʱͼʼ΢΢ų⣬֮У彥һͮͮԲ򣬿ʼٵתҼǵⶫϹǧ굤
ʱԼִǧ굤д
Եɺ꣬壬һ֣ʱֻݾڵһֶأʱ޿̲ų⣬ȴκΣҾͬ
˵Ǻֿʼںİ½仯ֱǹͷ˵ģȻ˵ҵģʱԺֻһָо
ԭҲô˧
ҵٶȴ
϶Ϊһѽѷ֣ȴųңֻռĵڶ꣬Ҽͼ鹵ͨʼ޷Խеǵ蹵ν廹ϵˣԼҲһ㣬㳢ȥҵڻСƵ£ѧ˽ҵΪС㿪ʼϲϲøǿ󣬽Ϊ͸ɲԸʵʵϣԭģΪҾ㣬㣬ҡһоע㲻ܣʵ
˵ǹͷ˵ӰͻȻʹ͵ͬһСɽһ㣬ΪһϾҡڵɫֽ꣬СֻΪҵӣѪɫսףһͷ硭
ո˭ڣֵˡ
˵ָ̧סңҵ۾Цʣң㡭˭
⻰ҾЦ
ǰڻȷʵһֱһʵҲ˵ĲÿһͷʱԼĸоٽסŵħȴδʵұħûʲôҾ
һ˵ͼһңҲĬĬס
ң˭
ңҡ
˭
㣬ҡ

ã벻ͬΧң̹ȻܺͳĶ̹͵һ
쳤Х·лѹ⣬ۼ̾ɢ
ɢ̳һӰֽΧ¶˳ͼСһŵңͻȻȶ̵ģ㣬ͷ
С
ûһشѾԱߵһֿʼֱضһͨ
⡭ôܡôܡ㡭ꡭ㾹ˡ
궼˼ǧˣḴ
΢΢һЦûҲûС㣬˸ʹӿ˳ȥΧ˳Щ̵ڵĽʬ֮⣬˶ûӾ֮зӦ
ûǣһ۳Զȥ΢΢һЦ˵ۣûذɣ
⻰ĵһӦü΢΢һϲɵػһ˿㵡
Ǿ㵺ֱܿЦȡ۶Ҵ׶㣿С󡭡
ҲˣҲССҲˣ
һһڣСȫסֳ΢΢ЦǵõҳʱװȥҼҵĵϸһԣ˵ִͨɷʮû뵽׼ˣ治򵥡
˵ʱͼüͷԽԽЦЦֽ˵Ȼһֱһʵǧ굤ںΪһһ˲俪ʼǴǻԹдǧ꾫ԪǸҹС׷ǶѾȥû꣬û׷ҲϣֻǸİѡ
һ̧֣Ѫɫ֮Ҵ
һֱΪǽģǧ굤ģģʵϣ񲻾Լģֻһֱûзֶѡ
˵һ󡰿ЦһͷһЦľȻ
һɨȥЦøˣҡҡͷ˵ɵСѽɵСӣ벻һףȻˣһֱųȻҲų㣬ᳩΪãˣѧ̹ȻܣҲԻȥ㡭ʵС꣬ⶼҪΨһĵǣ㣬ʲô
⻰Һԥ̧һָٺЦ
Ҿڱ÷֮ǰúøһܡ


927 
ڣҲ֮㳯ȥ
Ȼû뵽Ҳһ쾪ףھȻôļ飬վ͸ɼܡ
һʱͼ¶һ˿㵣ûȷӦȴѾŭ˵ǰ
һȭȥּ̧ݵһѾ˹ңһĪض־Ѿ֪ȥ赲ˣԹΪȭȭƽһʱ䵹Ǵˡ
˵Ҳ֣Ҳ֪һװϣڹŹǰһѾȻһԼʵȭͷʱԵñƽʱ˲٣һȭһȭһ£ϵı鶼Ѳɡ
ƺҲӦȽ࣬ͻȻһ˳˲ս֣һЦֳ̧һָЦСӣҿǻعⷵգط̫Сʹ죬ٴȥ˼޹ҲҸҵһս
⻰ҲЦˣ˵쵰ϰ񶼺ˣڸ˵ʲô˼޹
뵽ЦЦ˵ð˵ȥĶȥĶأҲҪץ
Ӧû˵һͳſڷŵöǰһȺ749ľ˸Ͻ˵һߣѾţҲû̧Ⱦ׷ոճ嵽ſڣСľȶ̵ģ㲻ܳȥ̫Σˡ
С㣬ϰʲôұ˭ģû¡
˵ŻҳС΢΢һЦҲû˵תͳ˴
̳ĿյϣģصѪǽе˸оӵѹˡ
ҲһкȻꡱһը죬ֲյһ˲ըøӵļ׵֮зͬǰľκˡ
һͻȻͼһ׵Ԥ׵شӿնҲһǰգۼĹ׵ѡ䡱һҺ뿪ĵطը죬ڵըһĿӶ
Ҳܲôˣûһ۾ͳ׷ȥٿѾڿյ룬Ц
ЩδǵĶ֣ȻҪҲʹȫúһ棡
˵䣬ͻȻ̧˫ץԼ·˫ֽץס˫λ͵һһϵ׹̺ɫȻһ˺£Ȼ׳Σǰʱϸһͼǰ˫Լֻһ
Ǿֻ͡ĹŹֲһֻֻצ
ӳʼһȴΪԽأԽǿŹ˵˾һ˳ǣ߿˼ף
˵Ѿ嵽ǰһŭ̧־ʹ򣬶Ҳûһȭּ̧һȭͳӭ˹
Ǿ˻ʮˣһĵģϾÿһȭʱȭͷ϶һݵ
Ȼ˭뵽һȭһȭͷһͻȻ;һֵ˲˳ֱ۴ҵȫþˣҲһƺߣӲɵ󵹷˳ȥ
ڿն󵹷ʱһɨֱֻ׹Ȼܱɢ£ŵľֻʼڵʯİ֮һ㣬ʼҫػζ
⡭ǡ
һȻǱǾײõԶšͨһˤ˵ϡ
ҲŸһ£ͼնһŵһĵϽһԣ˲ꡱһһѻе棬ըֵԶסΡ
㡭
׹ʮ֮ѪƻɣߣҲҾ֮ǿôһѾӦԲˣһʲôԣ
˵һЦͻȻüۣ˫оҲʼݵĵ
ҹʲôָʤ
˵ŻǱҲʹŭžֳٶȳȥһ־ǶʮУȴܲ͸磬Ȼûκܵļ󣬷ʽһֱѹһͷƣûȴһȭȴѾһУɵ˼
ԭһһʱ䣬ȻʱٶȴɨӿϮɲӭӣúֵĿյϽ˳˲ꡱһԭվĵطȻһ׵Ͼ㿪ҲǾ׽ʵʵ桭
׵Удϲ˭֪Ƭ֮ȴǴ۵ĵ֮һӰ
ֻ˫ֱ죬ڵİ֮£ͼ˫ƺԴԴϵŴӿ׵磬ȻĵΧһòɢ
⡭
һ棬Ҳһ̳ſڹսļֵҲȫס
Ѿ˵ûΣΪ֮ˣ׵罻ֻҵСҿζԸң
䣬ȻʼĬģʱ˫־仯ͻȻ˫ֱȭָ͵سſеȥ˲һը죬һٶȴȻһΣǴӿը棬Ǵָը죬ת˲ա
׵Ťֱɳ죬ֱɾ죬׵ͬʱΧ֮׻ӭϣܿ϶Ψһ˳ǵϡ
Զ˿ֱһ׹С̫һ㣬֫ͷ۾ǵİ±һ׻ȼ


928 ޵
񣬰񣬾η񣬿мʵ񣿡
ûҴӾ֮л׻Ű֮µͻȻһЦ˵ǧǰǾЩ߸ϵĴΪȴԭҲǵ㣬ҲǿԻܵģǲΪūϧվƷͳΣΪ˵ߡƷȴڹֲΪ׵֪ѱƷȻĸԸˣ죬ڽУ𽥴˸ֹ˼ݵ
ЦҲʣ˵Щʲô˼
ҵ˼ֻ㣬֮ս֮ϱѾûʲôĴڣ˵˱ԶԼУȻȴųȥԼŲϧԼȥԼ
Ĭһ£ͻȻЦ֮սȫ򣬶ĺջǿ͸Եһ棬δɥʧŲϧħ֮սǿϵĿȱЩ߸ϵ񣿲һЩй֮ĵõ÷֮кܶѣҲ䱻˼䶥Ĥݷǧ֮ã֮űͨΪĤݣξϱ̹ǧ꣬Ϊ޽ɣ
赽˵ʲô
ٶŭʣٿڲ֮µȴûбֳ˿ķŭȻЦ
ʵ˵ǡϣûʲôˣЩΪ߸ܵ񣬲ͨ˶ѣȻʿϰùĸַ죬ӵб̵ʵʵȻԶﴫ˶ѡ
˵ٶſ˫ۣͻȻĴ˫͵һɶʱһһ˫Ȼĵ۶ɵľ޴չ
һ棬ҸǾõһٿͷмλãȴͻȻһѪü䣬ģѪĶͷƤѽѪܵѿڣһֻڶͷϵ۾һ㣬ݷų˵
֮˵ôֻ࣬Ϊ֪˵񣬱Ǹʵ˵ң֮һ
̸ЦͻȻҴ˹һ׵罻ɵĳǿʼѸ͵Ĵ򣬼գۼĹ򣬶ûҿ壬Ѿҵǰ֮ҸϽַ̧ɶûȽ첲̧Ѿһȭҵؿڡ
һʱ׵ءһͽը˳ȥ
֪ΪҾ֮׾ͱɽӣɽΪűףԳʼ㲻ͨͨˣǸ߸ϵԹд˵е˵˽Ǹϰéɽ֮ˣͬ˱ΪұеǸ񶷣ΪУΪУ
˵ʱɢǿɱΧͣĵֱͿɼ֮࣬Ҳ˲ѹȸУǼ㵱ԿϷԿͷϹžʱδйġ
ıӵûһͼͻȻ˫ƽӡӡ־Ľɣ׵˲仯Ѹ͵˹
Ȼƴ󣬿ɺǴģҲ׼㿪Ȼ֮ȴһըӶϴ׻ҽűȻը
һʱСˡһȻûб׻ֱУǱ󷭷ɳüԶšͨһˤڵء
ǸûѾڿת˸䣬
֮ҿҸϽûƵסϮȻĻƽֲ
ƷٳһȴЦĿֱ޹ؽҪһԿƵģ
Ͽͷֱ׻ʱʱڿз£˳׻㴫ڣ٣Ϊṩһ֮
ڵ֮ĸиǴδйģ۵ţһ޷սʤһ㡣
Ҳп˶־壬һЦͻȻѳҵһ̧֣һѳѸʹ
˭֪ûǵ˵ҵǰͻȻ͵һһشѡˢһűбŹᴩ
һ˲ͼһ˿㵣ǰܶʱ㿪ɲǼĹǵشѾۡһᴩǻ
³ͻȻһ˲˶סٿѾǴӵͻȻ̳ĵشֱ˰֮С
Ƿҵ˻û㣬ھС
ӲԶһȺŰʬȺУѻ߳һѪİˡ
ΧʬŰһ˶̳ʼ˹ȥȻȴûһ¡
ۿǰͷĽʬͿ˵ʱһӰѴӱ׷һ̧ȣһžͽǽʬ߷˳ȥŽӡ跨ͽʬ˻ȥ
ҶһڰԵͬ˺۵ȻԼѾˣȴǺԹԵػڰΧƴŰİΣ
ŵס𣿡
ƺҲʹ࣬ͻȻһ䣬Ȼȴֻ嵭һůЦСЩʬ֣ȥɣȥɵ¡
лˡ
ͷ⣬Ȼ۵صǣȻûгʵҲ⣬һֱʵǶȻڵѾԻȫ֮ǰҪǿ˲֪ٱȻķԱȫȫӦǿɱˡ


929 ˫ӡ
һԳסһȺʬĹΧֵܱ︮ߴ߻˹ȥҲѾȥȻˣ޷ڸǰ˵ɱ
Ǹ߸ϵΣ񣬽ҪЧ¹񡭡
̧ͷ򱻵شеûκεĻӦֻǸһ߸šڿС֮΢΢Ȼȴû˿طɾ裬ףɲô׾ͱɱΪ
ӳʼѾȥĻˣɲô׾ȥġ
Ȼ£ǻͻȻЦ
ҲǣǿЦҪɱҡ㾹Ҫɱҡ
ЦͻȻüͷƺ΢΢һ£Ҳû뵽Ѿһش괩ؿڵȻ˵ôĻ
Ȼʱͼش̸߸΢΢һǲʯ˲˳ǵش̽ӵ˵棬ڵİֻ֮һشȻҲӸ߿£һ˫סΣȵ˵ϡ
һӿ£ҺͰս˸ǴһֻȻûбֳһ˿һʹؿȴѱոյĵش̴һʮֱ˶Ѫ͸ǰĿֱӿ͸ľ
ˣȻܺúõֱǸ

ӰǾʧ֮У·Ѿǵ뷨Լĵ𾪡
ǾǸǲǣٺ٣ûҡǸ
⻰ʱͻȻһ˿ĪرȻûȰǲ廰ͻȻұ̳ſڵķ򣬴һ
졭š
Ťͷһɨ̳ſȺоģǳޱ
ޱһΧ˵Ŀ⼸˹ȥֻޱ˫۵ɵϴ󣬺޲ӶҪɳһҶ޲öϲˡ
ޱôˣ
СԱһޱֱ飬һ䣬ͼһֱֱĳޱȫûƶֺ죬촽΢΢ȴ˵ˡ
ʱΧͻȻһȺʬȻֵ︮ûסʮֻʬմӷ̳Ǿ˹
ȻЩʬǲֵҵģֻҪǻĶǶṥڿյмλãȻĿļˡ
ȻǻĶṥȻͲṥˣһ·̳Ű˹
ΣգҲδЩĽʬǵľսֵ̾ҪæȻûǳ嵽ǰȴֽ̧ӡһ˦һ׻ѡءһͬһ׵㳯ǰͷһֻʬ˹ȥ
ǡ˲ǰͷһֻʬԴǽʬûԴͬһˤڵϵϰ㱻ը׵ȴûʹֹͣɱ¾ڶֻʬֻʬգۼĹ׵縡ˮʳˮ߰㡰ಡһߣʮֻʬȺըԴڵϳ鴤䶯
ҪǡҲҲڵʱˡ
ͻȻЦҡҡͷͻȻ̧ɨЦ
ɱǲǣ
ǡ
ʳ⻰ʱѾߵͣشû˿ԥ
ãҾ㣬ɱҡ
ɱһֱԸкβҡ
˵䣬ĪؼȻΪ˸Ļᡣ
⼤ܿɱģûȸҽһ񣬾ͼͻȻ׼һǰּ̧ѻγһ׵磬ͳ˹ȥ
һΣ⡱һéɽ׻Ƕ֪֮Ҳéɽ׻ȻΪ֮ǰ׻֮¹ͬ׻ףȻûκοܵģڼΪ񡱵׻ô˵
Ȼ˽ֲʮУͼƣȫ޷˼ֺٿϾѾ˰ֶκʽ˴ø
Ҫ׻𲻵ã
һ˶ԸҸϽҲȥҪæɸûȽӽս֮еˣͻȻͼʱһֻĲص󣬽ŵֽӡ־ɵٶȼֱҪһˡ
ٶһСʲôʱҲѧ˵ֽӡҿӡĪǾַӡ
СӾȻڽַӡ
Ҿ֮ʣѾһƳ˹ȥ֮׹ɵһЦû˵̧־Ҳһƴ˹ƺҪԣϾҲף׻׻ǿ
ȻֻƼӽʱȴеĵһȫɢһҲһ㶣ȴת˲֮Ҳʼֽӡӡ˲ɣûѴջȥΪָһѳеȥ
㡭
ءһը촫ûջһƣһָе˲亮磬ݵĺȻһ˲֮ûĵ⣬ʯ֮ͽµƸ
˲͵ĺѵǡ
ӡ
ʱһȻҪջȴһЦһֱڱһֻҲѾ˳ȥѾ־һ־ҲϵãֻǲǾҲǡӡ
ڤӡһƴʱҲǺȻȴǴ΢΢һ˲ءһ֮˳˫ȾûõĹ㽫ֻҲŰС
㡭ǡ


930 İ
³ͻȻͻȻһʽԼŵþһ£Ҳףһַӡ˵ͬʱʩչӡֱǲܡδδŵ顭
ͬʱʩչֲͬӡӡΪɱңҲɷѿİ
Ѿ廨ȴɵһЦû䣬ûҺͰٴγУͻȻͼһŭ𣬰ź׵˲Ѿøǿˡ
ƲҺͰֻܱ׻Ƶ˼׻һѱ׻ս䣬ͻȻϮ˵ȫûκЧһ㡣
Ǻúÿ⣬
ٶ׵ͬһӿзɢ׵ƺҲеٶӦͣһ˲ϵŰϵ׵ƴطϵ׵ʱʱ棬ȻǹĿѾһˣƺơ׽ٶѾͬãĿĵشݻΧһС
׽ҺͰżۿ׻һը죬ٽʬ︮Լֵܱܶ׻ըըˣð˸ļˡ
С
֪ʱͻȻһ˵һֳ׵Űǰ˹ȥ
ΪҴһͨ졭
ĺҵȻҲҵϽ׷ȥۿž׻ԽԽϽһȥءһȻһһĻ׵ײһ
ᣬ붼ûû˽ȥͬһ׹ֱȥץס׵类𿪵ĹһһʽֱȡҪ
û׻ıӻֽŹɲ˵ϻˣһʮдȻͲֺԱһҲżҲٶ룬ַųһ׵磬̳ȥæ
һȻڳ˼ɼвӦ磬ϾȻκεĳ
ȶ̵ģ㣡
ڣһֱսСƺҲ¶˾ģֳŻԪɡͳǳ˹ΧһСҪ֣Ҳʼǰ壬ɻûȳԶԶһȡ
Ƕ˻ȥⳡսǸﲻæֻ
һֹ˾סҺͰҲɵسķɨһۣͼһŮӭ첽ǳС㣬Сĸס
裡
Լ¶棬СʱȵؽһȻСȴδشûԼŮһۣͳ׻ΧĿյس˹
˫ƽӡűߵӰ̡ಡһУӡСһ˦֣ѾһźڹӰӱ㳯˹׾پͽ׻ִһͨ
Ǹʱʮˣ
һŭСͳ׻֮Уֽӡ̧֣һΣȻµӰԼ˳Ϳʼ
ڣһֱһԼӰ壬Ҳһ£һԼŮŶѳս֣Ǵʧɫץסյ˫ȻһŰ׹˳˫ۿʼת
˫ۡħʦżҵ˫
Ҳ׼żҵĵ
ȻʩԼĹ˲ŭۼ׹Ҳʼ˫ߣͷ˹ȥ
ȻŸ˵ǰûȶ֣ȴǰİͻȻһҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻȻץסһᣬܿͬʱһѾͳĲ˹ȥ
Сӣֵӣ
ֻһдһ˲䣬ҺСĸŮ̲סһ£ԣƺҪһЩɳһЩһ߬סӵİСĸŮǵǰǸʱֻһ
㡭ǡ
ǻ˵ִ꣬һֻ͵һ¡һһ˲ͷײƫлеʱ⣬׻˲˳ֱ˰ϡ
ס
𿿽ҡ
ŰĲҽǼ׻ͻȻɢըͬһǿը˲ˣƵõϵĴʯשʼΧ˳ȥ
˲ż׻𣬱һֹСĸŮǶײ÷˳ȥǿ֮Уһḻ̌޷

Ͼճû׼СĸŮ˲䱻ǿ׵ײ󵹷ʮԶǿסǰһģģľͼλõݵ֮ڣɱݺڿУҵس鴤ȻѾȫʧȥ˵ֿ

ΣҿɲţƼףƾͳǰ˹ȥ
Űĵ֮£ҾλλõԽԽ̧ۿ˵ӰҲԽԽۿŻмͳ嵽ʱ⡱һ˲侪ס
ƶݺסӵˡ

ܵġ
ϵĴŴ磬ϵˣ麣ĠֱۣģģһɫĮĿꡭ
㡭ǡ˭
һɽŰĲӲſһۡ
΢Ѫӿ۾Ѿط˰ס
ˣſ
˲شиһŭɶԶſ׵ͳȥ͵һƴİˡ
ɱӾȴԴ


931 Ļþ
һƴ˴̧һֱָۣһĪһקҵǰȥ
ûصѾ˶ԷУ˲һ飬Ȼ׻סҵĲ鴤Уǰһڡ

ֶȫʦֵ幬Χȣȣ
ɽʧֶ֣ɽʦֵȫʦǰȣ
⡣
΢⽥𣬰һķҵ
ۣǰһƬĻ꣬ȻǺɫġ
ɫУģģͼԶĽȼţɱҽһƬԶԶģòɢ
幬Ϊƣŵӻк죡ʦֵȾ幬ΣססһҪס
ʵģͼһȺɫ۵ҵǰгľӡ䡢ȵȸɫ
⡭ǡ
ͷһ̱صѪˮ֮УǸϽŵܣһƬǽ壬ʬأд󲿷ߡ߽ΪӵܣףһС֣ϴźۣǺûб־ֻһɫĴ񡭡

һҽдѭȥһ۵ĵŵӣе̴ͭһʿĺ
Χһ˵صСʿһʱõһ˻
ѣ㡭㡭
ʦϵΨ׹棡
һڣֳͭĵʿѶݺݵسСʿһ¡
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һվϽǰ壬ֻϣֹסĽ棬Сʿһ
Ȼʹɱ֮ǰһ߬סļ򣬵ȴͻȻưɢһΣѴ˵д˹ȥȻһҽС
ҸϽֻͷһСʿڣǳֽĵʿҲö˶˵վԭأѾĽ̴СʿĿڣСʿڵϣȴѾΨ˫Żڲʵس鴤š
Ϊʲô⵽ʲôطô
ٶȾƾôȥȥУȴûңΧ˾ͷ·ȫûпƵģڿ񱼣ھŭƴɱš
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ͻȻ䣬ֻһƵұ𣬾ҸϽͷȥȴһϤӰҵı˵Ϥ·˺ܶ࣬ҲûǷݲɣԼǵ롣
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ۼ⡱һϽںüһƴ˹ȥǺ֣вûһҶоԼڵ
⣬ô£
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㣬Ϊʲô
С侲ǻþ
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Ҿһ£ͼ˵ͷɨߵһ֮ٶȷûþ׼ȷ˵Ǽ䣬ڡɽ
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ԣʮǰٴٵɽ
⻰һ䣬ûҷӦأֻԱ߳ڣɽƽɽ꣬ʦʼˡҲǵһʦɽѰôɽɽƾ񵤣ɶǽɽΪɽӴ˽ʦɽǱɽǧ꣬˼ʮǰȴش٣Ӧ˵ʦ֮ԤԣΪ֮֮࣬أɸա
ټʵԲѣ㵽ʲôĿģþô뿪
ҾŵسΧȴκڳڵĶӦŶԣս˭˵Щϻ
ȻҼ꣬ȴҡҡͷСȱ𼱣ʶ
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һʱͼѳ˹ȥʣΪʲôҪҴ㡭Ҫҿʲô
뿴ĶÿĶܿͻῴ֮Сؿɼһжֻṇ̣̀ȴ̫ɢǱǡ֡
һ˵ţһ߿ʼˣһĹ򣬾˵˾ʮԶĵطһȼյĲƹĹǽ档
ŸոﲻٶһŲѴı٣Ҿһ˵ĽŲ룬ܿ죬ͼʵѪг֣ıײײ˹
ҺͰһһ£ܹ۱ˣȻȻҲǴŴԼϵ˴λãȻǰһޡ
ǵײײܹ󣬻ͬϴ˵Сʿһ޲ۺᣬһЩ죬ϸСʿһٶȾ㵣ү
˵ʮǰʵеϳ˶˺ӺͲɣ֮⣬û̫µĺۼĻôүɾͲ̫ˣţүȻ˵ۣ۵üֱǸµɬһ㡭
˴һǣүĻУһ˯ȥӤһʵʵģü䲻һ¡
ۿһĸ˿첽ǵķܹͿҪײǰһˣȴһ
ڣĵǰһ¾ײһĺϣ˾ȵǣȻֱӴĺ˽ȥ˲϶Ϊһ
ͬһʱ䣬ǵ·΢΢һΣۡһѪϽֳסǽڣβڵ¡
һͻȻ³һѪСʿҲϽͣסһϽסĨһᣬսսʵʦ֣ôҪҪ
ʻСʿ
Ȼǽһ塭


932 ű
һʦʻҡҡͷֲȥǵѪʦЦЦ˵İɣҽʵúܣֵط
ʦ֣ң
⻰һ巴ʵøˣֲ˵ΪҵһҲᡭҲᡭʦ֣ʦûá
˵һ塰žؾ͸ԼһͣϽһסһ֣ۺһ壬ٺ˵ʦֵѧͲͬʦֵܵȻܲ㣡
ûáûá
˵䣬ͼһӿɵ۵Ļһ澹Ȼż͸һĶûҺͰ壬һѾЩȫڵͲһַͨ߷ڣΪʲôûкúѧϰΪʲôÿоЩûõĶûãûã
ǣڲ֪ʲôã
һСʿͻȻİһɨ˽һһ˵˵˵Щƶʲôףʲôף㶪ȥôҾûһģ
Сʿһ˵һصͷһԵүʱСʿһۣҪ˵ȥء
ûãһõģ
һͻȻһۣĨᣬۺһҪЩȥʦֵǣһԼΪԼѩޣҪǶ
һ廰˵ͻȻһըѴԵĴſڴըյšءһѵСʿ淭˳
ֳ׷ģǼ۵ˡ
Щ˻겻ɢ
һк˳֣ʱһۣϽλʦܺֶǴʦ֡ʦѪԼҲҪһŴɽȥûУ

СʿĿᶨһתͳӹ̨ϳЩ˳ȥ
ǿߣΪڻ
ʦ֣
˵ϻߣߣ
һŭһ̨߳ףˣȻּ̧ɷӡһ׻ӭЩȥŵü˸ϽܣȻһ㱻׻ؿڣءһͲҽŷ˳ȥ
ǵʲôˣΪϮɽ
һ˫ۣ˫֮˲䷺ݵĵŵü˾ҽӽʱִһʦܵ
ʦ֣æ
ɨȥǸո𱸽һСʿѾֳų嵽ıϽʦܣҲһ𱣻뿪ڡ
ʦҲҪɽ
Сʿ˵Żͣı󣬼ĿᶨҲûٶ˵ͷʱһЦ
ܺãʦ˼ҶʦֵܵĴѱֵܾʦɽ
û˵꣬ȴѾתΪһҽУҺͰںһǾס
ͼոճ嵽ʦܣȻѾü۵ؽеĳı󡭡
ʦʦܡ㡭
΢΢һΣҲ֧Ųס˺۵壬ͨһ͵ϥڵأʦҲѳûγָ߸߾ٹͷЦʦ֣ʦһ̰ɡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪҡ
ͬıʦǧ긯ǧ꣬׽̹Ӳдͬһ㣬վ׽ؼյһ졭
׽̡׹̡ԭҲǡҲǵһӡ
֪ЩΪʱ
ǣǰΪʱ
Цҡҡͷ˵Ҫʹˡ
éɽٷɽкͼ
ͼǺǣⶼŵ굱ԼµǲԹһʦ֣ͰȥɣɱˣȥʦѪˣٺ٣һ¿˴ˡ
ǵ˵Ż˫ֽס׼ĲӾͿ
ۿǽҪڰĲʱͻȻͼһӿ׼ȷ˵ӦǴǴĵϣѪ֮ѴಡһͻǾٽӵĿڡ
Ȼ׹֮ǵӲûи׷һֱӱըɳԶ׻Ŀڴճһɫķ״Ա߸ǵ
Ǹ߸߾ųĵһ˲䵹һʱͼּ׻ӿڶļ˲ҽжûüѺȻء
ʦʦ
ǵӶʱסٹͷĽ˷£Ҳüͷ˵ɽʧѾõľѧһմˣҵүүű塭
׻éɽسʵ
˵ͷ˵ûéɽ׻֮ζɽû׻ʽֻвѡ
˵ͼʵĵ֮ϣѻ߳һɷǡݹ᾵ɵۣͷϽڣüۺ׷ͯգ˫ֳ̨
һ¶棬ŵþٽǵӡͨһ͹ڵأгͿʼߵݣоʦȻéɽһʦű塭
ǶǱҴɽĹ¶оѧȴû뵽񾹱ƭǿɱ̾ǶԲҲҪǲкͬʦ棬ܶԵԼģԵ
ʦʦʦ
ǵӿͷ絷⣬Ȼŵû˵ˡ
˭֪ʱһȺѴΧǰϵʿΧȥи۵ʿȻɽͽҿͺϵ֣Ȼ֡


933 
һȺ˸ʩգۼĹͶϵɷǵˡ
ۿ˱ΧǷѵĵŵվתܣȻûܳͼһΣһ쫷ӿնͬʱѽΧΧһȺײ׷ɡ
ҶƮ䣬ֽӡֳ̧ߵĵһָءһ죬ǵӵĿ˲䱻׻ըһѪû˵һ仰Ѿĵ˵ϡ
˴ӵΧһȺԼŰϽҲ׷һæʦǰӭЭ˼ս֮С
ʦͽΪһһʽߣʮ˾ܵһԹսˡ
˵ۿֽһܣָо»ǵһУۿűʦͽʽʽĬֶ
ȻδʱһѾ˵ϣűŭӼڵҽеĵʿһ̾
λʦֶ˵ЩСǳܵаħĹû뵽Ǽλõ֮ˣҲ˲汲ߡ
ű壡˵̫磡
һϵʿͻȻӵϳӣݺݵسű˹ȥŭɽѾǿҲûãٺ٣ΪȥѾ˱ƵĶҩҿ㻹ܳŶã
ʦ
һ⻰ʧɫȻűȴ޶ԣֻǳ΢΢ҡҡͷƺʾҪţһ˦䣬һ˷ɣڴŻѾǵʿͷ˫֮ϣһը죬ǵʿڵû˶
ȷЩڵϴĺʿûвԣűһ̾ת˹ȥʵͽҵ˰ĸӣ
Ͻ˵ͷҡͷΨΨŵŵ˵ʦȥļʱѽ˻һλʦܻɽɩ
ôˣűһʡ
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⻰ű˲侪ס
Ĭһ֮ŴӻͳһһСӣ
һæʵʦǡ
ҶϣɽѾǡŲסˡ
ʦô˵ͽҲҪסɽ
˵ߵڵأٶɫغͽڴģסɽͽ
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û˵꣬űŭ彫ӵקֵһۣ˵ӣ㶼ҪúõĻţΪһ޶ľˣǰɳܣվǲɳܵ飡ҪҺúõĻȥΪļϣеҵŵĸ˴ҵ
ʦҡ
㲻Ҫ˵Ϊʦ׼˵ɥ׼ΪңҪ񵤺ؼȥ
񵤡
һ⻰ʧɫű˵ͷϽ˵Ե濪ɽʦÿλʱ㾡һһž񵤣λʱҩһʦ̳߷ãԱΪԱ㾡ﵽͨЧѳΪʦڵĹأҽƵž񵤣ɽΣΪʦȫиˡ
ʦʦͽܳⵤҪһʦģͽա
һʦǺǡ
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ոҲˣѾж̫ǿŵڣѲǼ׵顭һʦͽ½
˵ű̧ĨĨǱͬһڰԼİĺһ㣬һǧᣬȴһΡ
Ȼʱһ󾪺ȴӰı
磡ˣˣ
⻰ű嶼ŵѭɨ˹ȥҺͰҲ⣬ͼүѾײײ˹ȴ֮ǰһ뿪Ľһ壬ԼﱧŵǸӸһ֡
˸ǴʧɫϽ̨ϳȥûأͼүһͨһԵ˵ϣָϽӹűǰȦսս˵ʦˣӱ
ôˣ˵ѽ
Һһʦܴɽȴ⵽׽ϮҺһʦܱɢҲʦˡ
ơ
⻰űһ㶣Ȼû˵ֻһѾⷽ˹գۼĹ򣬾ͼһȺѰΧ˹
ʦ磬֣ô졭
үŵһͼͷϽؼǵҩ뻳УӭȺǰ塣
֪ճȥûͱűסһͷͼűżһڣ˲ӯͬ׹ӹǰ׹֮˦
ɽ⴫ֻһΣؼѧپѧ٣ʦͽһֲٻᣬʦϣΪʦȫиˡ
ʦʦ
Ī˵ȥʦѪһҪ
߰ںȺһ˵Ȼòɿ
űּ֮أ׹˸׻ȴǽģéɽ׻ͬ
һʦսϽȥæȻûȼս֣ȴű˦ּһ׸˻Ȼű岢Ӽս֣Լĵӡ
סǣǿߣиҪ飬ȥ


934 ׷
ȻֵҲڶʦǽǵв˼Ҳҵűһ֮סһȺˣֵϽû뿪ʱʱͷ
ʱֻűķִһȴӰź
Ԫ֮ٱ֮ұ֮ϱ֮֮£ϣУʸӦټӰ졣սɢ顣ˮҲ˶Լ֮أҲĻҲ״տҲ
ҺͰûжȴǱһĪסһ㣬ֵǰУֻȦֵͨѿʼʣһֱüͷĬʦڵľ
ԶʱҲͷͼһȺ˵İΧ֮£ɷǵűͻȻһѪ˲Ҷˤ
Ȼݹ᾵˲δ£ڵһ
ֵܽнԶɱ£ȻΧɱҽȴɲڶ
ҺͰɱصקţһǱߺλǣǰƶͬһȫϢͶӰ3DƬһ㡣
硭
ͻȻеֳ̧ǰһָʵ쿴Ǻ
⻰Ͻ̧ͷǰȥͼʮһȺСʿǰԶһǰɱţЩ˵ʵȻڵŵ֮ϣ˵ɱ˵ɱͼһСʿˣеĹѱ̵ڵأֻǳȥĹǴǰĿյѾ˲ء
һȺסſڵСʿŵɪɪһɫ࣬ûһ˺ˣߣƴеĽĿ𽥱ƽĺȺ
磬ô죿
һǰ񱼣һ߳ԼĸʵǼе񣬲Ҳ֪սȥԼЩʦֵܡ
ĿǰһƬǽ壬ȻҲǲݣȻûǰ湬ſһСʿѾֵټֳֳս֣ŹԱߵС·һָʦ֣ʦִźˣ
ӡ
һ⻰ֵ˲һСʿѾǿȥ׷ǧҪôʦˡ
Сʿû˵꣬һ䵶Ѵ룬Сʿһ˲һѪĽҲѾֶ˵ϡ
졭ȥȡǡǺӡ
ʦܣ
ۼСʿɱ۸ˣȥΪȻȴһסֵܣۡиҪҪ
ǡǡ
˵ˣۻиҪҪߣ
һŭ𣬳СʿǵסЩˣק͹ս˴ԱߵС·ɱҽӱҧѪ˿ܲǷߺޣȴûٶ˵һ仰
С·ֱͨɽϣֵض˵ֻǰ񱼡
˲ãͻȻ̲סʣ磬ʦ˼ңǽŲ⴫׷ڸ𣿡
⻰˵ͷ̧ؿڷŵǱ͵ҩ˵ֻ׷о񵤡
ʲôʦҲ񵤴㣿
һʱѾĶ˳
һ£Ͻʵ磬ʲô˼ʦĶ
ʦҲҪżҵĶҪżңţԺЩҪǺӲǡ
˵žͰѶǿĻȻȴҽܣһƴ֮ڻǽǿ˵磬ԼܵúãҸߣһֵҡ
׼˵
ûѻ˵꣬ѵһۣΨһ׵ܵܣΣҲһᱣƽ뿪
硭
û˵ԼĵܾܵͼС·ɽϳ塣
ҺͰקŸ󣬾ͷ·ҲⳡѪȵսһ㡣
ɽһΣͷļѶܣѪɣȴ޷ǷŭĻϨ𣬶˰ɽϣԺЩɱͣ˲١
Ĭһ֮ͻȻһԳԭɽش׷һֱϣֲ׷ôéɽ׷Щ룬ԭéɽɽ׷ѱһ𡭡
⻰ҸϽʵôɽ׷ѵô
˵ͷʵֻɽɽ׷Уһɵ׷ԹΪҵ߹Եĳħ
˵ʱҲ˵ͷ
ȷʵϸ룬ǰҲëСᵽڡ׷顣
˵׷һʦԹŴеĹһֽԼĵܹں绽ꡢħץ絻ꡢֹԺ෽档
˵׷ϸΪֲͬʽڱ䣬ʢ䣬ġ΢ۡһϵдУ統ʱӦ׷Լҵص䡢ء龸ǵе׷ʦ
׷ڵΪһ壬Ƚ˼ڵֽի䷨ǵں壬ǿǽһСأΪ˸Ӧڲǿؽ໥ӦġͷǬ죩أ
ǵʱëСϸҽʵÿλٶʶϢף޵֮˳֮Ϊڲĸ߼Ϣ壨֮ĳϵ
ڵʿʱϢʱ⣬Ӧĸ߼ϢӦڰǵĺһһɻڣνһ
뵽ʱͻȻһҵ˼ϡ
磬ʦ棡


935 ¾ȹ
ү⻰ҺͰҲϽɽķ˹ȥͼС·ľͷһ¡
ϣֻһɫ۵һֳֽһֻӤǵķЦűмƣɾűĶӣԭɽʦ̳ˡŴơ
һۿŴƣһ£ٿѾӿ˲Ƕµķ˹ȥ
ȻʱŴƵȴͻȻ߳һƫͬŵۣǵ۵ʽȴɽĵЩͬ
׾ѧ֮ˣҲڵл켣˲ʱˣȻһ۾ܿǵéɽɵĵۣŴԵˣҲİֻû뵽Ȼ

Ϊ׹ħʱص֮ˣëСϲĵӣȻһ˲һɵؾôأ
ɫԣҸϽʵôˣ
ܵģô
ٶȾר︮﷭ĹһЩɽٵϣ˵ɽΪħġ
˵Ҳ֪éɽѧʱëСϲȻȴΪԼ׹͵͵ѡΪħĺѡˣǱéɽе׹̵£նħͱ׹̵ħ
ûħ׳ͣħ֮¾ͱéɽϰëСڵļλ֣뼰ʱֹħ
Ϊ׹ʱʱ͹Ȼѳʦéɽ֮ϴɱ䣬ʹéɽ١
˵éɽһս˰µʱ䣬ɽս죬ɽɽԼħϵȣȴʱ׹̵Լʵ˵͹˵ˣء
뵽ʱ˵רſϣ˵éɽһս֮һսʧ٣˵ڴҶ֪Ǳ׹̴ˣڵʱ³ͻȻϢֺѴ˺ܶ˶֪Ϸʲôһֱڹһ¼ȴϸéɽɽȺϮʱܶԮشܶʦ֧ͬʱϮ׹Ϯɽʱħܱ߸ɼѾɲ־Ԯ˵ȫԪˣɽһսĲսԱӡ
㵽˵ʲôҼҴ
˵ǣóɽΪéɽͽǵëСĵӣɽ֣սͳһмأȴȫûͳƹ£ʦ֮ô꣬ûἰ¡

һ˵Ҳԥһ£û׹ŵܵǰͻȻͷɨһС˵ֵܣʦֵĹǳéɽʦҲڣ¿²öԸˡ
ǰʦΪëСʦϯӣʵȷʵС
үü磬һһֵͬģѲɻԸͽ
ܶ
һڣʱʣʦ֣㣬ʲô˼
һһ
ػ˵ֵܣһһһὫӾȳֻܴź뿪ҪҡסζҪʦѪȥΡ
磬㡭
˵ϻʦضѱ񽫺иǣ۾ʦʧ
˵䣬ͻȻӿŲǰȥǰ壬ڱѾʼ͵͵ƽӡʱŴǰ֮һߺȣʦܣȻˣЩһֱúõĽһ֣ڵȵᡭ
ʦ֣Ѻӽң׹⣬˲ɣ
ǣˣû裬ұκʱҪ
ŴһЦ˵׹̾аŵֻΪռؾͽ׹ȫ˸ϾɱɥĲ֮ݡ
ʦ֣ҿǷˣ׹ɥк飬ϳһж׹ܡ
û䣬ѾڱɵӡͻȻ䳯ŴƵһʱᡱһһ׻˲ʹָըڰϵŴƴ˹ȥ
һϽԱŴһѣ˲ֽ̧ӡһéɽ׻̴Լ˳ѭǵ׻ͷ˹ȥءһڰеסǵ׵磬ը˿
éɽ·ǣʦ֣ҲéɽӣΪֻéɽ׻
һЦȴû뵽ʱһֻҲѴ֪ʱҲѾӡ
ɽַӡӡ
һϾַӡû˱
Ȼͬһʱ䣬һǶ֮ϡŴƽűߵĵطͻȻðһ٣ٸһ¶ͷͳߣûŴƷӦѾ͵һ½Ӥ˳ȥһ;סӤŰ
ãѺ
ֶŴ˲ŭּ̧һͽȼ˶ϣۿźµףŴƵһ£һͼһӰɳȻһȺѾܲشӰ
ǰ¾ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣһ԰֣һˤϽǰ𣬽̤ǴӰ֦ͳӴ˹ȥͬһʱٶȽӡǺ׹طһ㶯һγһ͵
Ǵӿµĺľۼɵһ̱УۿһȺ˴ӿҲûתһ˦ںӵĿУѽǺӻֳ˹ȥ
ֵܣӣһҪʹʦ֡ú㡭


936 
£һڿնӭһȺ˾ȥ
һ಻˾㣬ʥͬ棬Ƿ࣬
Ĭĵͬʱ˫߰裬һȺȻȻĶ֣ûõĹһͿʼӿ
ٿѾסӤȴһֱĵڿпȥ
һɨź޶ԣŭżһĺ˱һ㣬ٶԾͬʱֳԼĵܵһָŭҪ뿪Ϳ뿪СδǴ󣡡
硭ҡˡ
ŭүٺȥݺҧҧźתɽ¿񱼶ȥһźߣҪ׷ɻû׷Զ׻ѴӿһҽǼ̵ڵأվվˡ
һߣڰϵŴƺɫҲѿŴƾɽ׷ϣȻȴ֪Ϊαһסŵҡҡͷ
⶯ȻЩѰζûֳ֣ȻԵ˲٣ֹûãȺ˱̱žͬһɽ֮²ٿһȺ֮ûмæ뿪һӣѽڿնԾǰ£Ŵƺǰ
֮ڣΪˣʩ֮⣬찲أԣ񡭡
ʽ仯͵ǰһ֣ᡱһէ֣һɫߵĽһͳŴ˹ȥ
Ŵһ󾪣Ͻ˲Уò״һ֮¶ʱֳ̧һָЦͷӾżش׷ڸ㣬Ƕ
ŴȻЦȴ͸¶һڸǵĶ뼵ʣ΢һüʦ֣ߵٲĵز̳вŶԣΪ֮Ϊɽʦ̳ˣɥĲ㣵
㣵ǣټʵң
һڣŴƸǴŭָ̧ŭ㻹֪ɽʦ̳ˣʹ²Լɽһбҵģ˭뵽˾ͻȻ֣
ʦ֡
㻹֪ʵĽһʦ֣ȻСԭҵһУȴȫȥʦֵǽΪžǣɽλʦ㵱㰮׼ɽѧɽѧڣǧ谮һСĽΪ֮Щ飬Ҳ֪
ʦ֣ҡ
⻰ǴʧɫȻŴȴûи˵Ļᣬٶŭ褺ǧûʲôһ˵ΪͻȻðôҵһжߣֿᣬɽѧȥ˰ɣ˰ɣ
ʦ֣ˡСңɻ飬
˵ϻôֵ֪˭ģ
Ŵ⻰һֹ˲侪סԵİҲɫ԰ס
һ˲䣬ʱ䶼·һ㣬ͼɫԽԽѿǾ㵣ã֮ȼķŭ
ĬãͻȻݺݷ
ŴƣңڮңζҶԣڮԼӡСΪ㸶һУԸᱳѵšڣھ˵ֻ

⻰Ŵƶʱһʵ㣬˵СѾ
ǷʦػСĸɽȴ׽һСΪ˱ˣձʬ޴棬ҲߣҺʮλʦƴᣬղŽʮλʦȴֻʣҴ桭ŴƣСΪ㣡ɽ֮ԱɽҲΪ㣡ʦǧŵˡ
ҡҡ
Ŵҡ˼ͷͻȻֳһ˿塭
ҡ㡭㡭ҵһС㽫ұϾ·Ҫɱ㡭ɱ㡭
㲻ɱңҲɱ㣬ʦ֣ҽնɽºúһ˶ϰɡ
˵䣬ٶȽӡںüƣŴҲ߬ȭͷ΢ƺδӵجתѹ
һԵһʱŴһŭ𣺡ʦ㻹Ÿʲôѵ˳ǵǵһ룬ֻҪץͿԻȥˡ
ץң
⻰󾪣ʱ󾪻ŵ˹ȥȻͳᣬͻȻֻŴֽ̧ӡӡɿɵͬʱΧĵͻȻһŽ⣬һ΢ըΧĵ´ϾȻըʮŻֽ
ЩֽǰڵõģÿһŻֽ棬ѹһöͭǮһ壬ʮöͭǮ̴͸ֽ굽գˢڿзתм䡭
ʱüһã󡭡
һڣԺҲӡ
ɽɽҲ̡
éɽù׻𡢸ɽ÷Ψɽӡ֮ӡ־Լ󷨿ɽ֮
ϾҲǿɽӣҵɽʮʦȻûѧʲôǶɽ󷨻ǶһЩġ
ҷĵĹżأΪɽ֮һ侫סǣ֮˼ѣ֮񶾣ԹһֱΪɽвֻÿʦ̳Уû뵽ŴƾȻʹôݵһУԸԼͬʦܡ


937 
˵Ϊɽ󣬵ȴéɽһƽ֮ˡͬзɵӴഫ
Σ̫éɽԹͽ£˵гֲͽͽɽΪҡײƭԴ󷨲к飬ɽʦŭ𽫴ӴΪʦ׼⴫ָͬΪɷѿģʧˣžÿϸѡʦ̳ѧϰ󷨣ȥ
ݵŵ伮أʮöͨȡҲմͯüͭǮڵһС߹أУǼ߮Уٳ
ʮöͭǮ֣֮ԽԽأͯüЧ
ʮöͭǮ֮⣬иаšʮöײĶڰ˷ʮλ޷ѵͬʱԡѡҲǴӻ˿³ѪѷķţԹԴС߹ʬ׷룬ɢʱУȻҷ𡭡
ΪŵӣԼȻҲ֪󷨵һ˲;סϽӡסԼԪ񣬱Ǳ
Ȼվ̫ǿͼӰأеĻ𽥱ǿгһ㡭
ԼǿӰζƵʣֻܼӿӡٶȣûȶȻʱһЦʦ֣Ȱ㻹ǲҪѿˣרΪ㲼µģӲ
Զԩ޳Ϊκҡ
ֻΪˣĻˣһ޶˷ѣ
˵ŻͻȻֿ̧ʼ˺Լϵĵۣ۳һͼܲѪɫķǰһŹͷ
һЦ˵Ϊ֮ˣ֮Уű׽ѡΪħԭħ˸ѡû뵽ƻûʵʩħδȫͣȱëСǻ쵰ʶƣħļƻһǿϧԭɽ֮ˡԼ˽ħյ֮Уɽʧ٣éɽëСʬ޴棬ҪűҲ£ֻȽˡ
⻰ʧɫüͷԭΪħһԱҲǵļƵóѣ
˵⻰ʲôأ˶Ѿˡ
ͻȻһЦ̸Цһ̧֣ȻָҲŤŤϵı鶼ͻȻޱȡ
˿ֱ֣һ֣ڰ˵Ѿ˾ռˣҲ֪ǲħڵ˸񡪡壬ˡ
ӴӴӴС˧кãΪץס㣬Сר͵ѧ󣬾͸¾ƵģǿЦ
㣬ʲô
һŭּʼƴȻ͸˵һи޷ѡ
סһЦֽ̧ӡĬĵͬʱͻȻ͵һ˫ֻۣһʮöͭǮڳġ棬ͻȻųһԹĺڹ⡭
Ǻڹ⣬һĪعǺͻȻӰ´һ֣ΧͻȻŰľ紵ÿʼɯع
ٿס֮У컯֮һӰΧŰʼת˹ȥȻǹӰѾԽԽ࣬ǺҲԽԽǿ
⡭ʲô
ٺ٣˵ˣǹ
ָеһ㣬һ£ֿʼӡ
ŲĬģƮĹӰԽԽ࣬һһ߾ԣⲻ󡭡
⵱Ȼ׸ű϶ѧ߹㡮˫󷨡һ˵
廰һڣʱһҲݣüͷԱ߳˵˫󷨣󻷻ۣͬ󷨵һʩչӶﵽ˫Чһڹżпּأ˵Ѿû˶صĽӡ
ʱһЦ˵ǰéɽ󣬴һʱȴʧˤɽʧһΪΪҲڵһ󷨡
㲼ǹ󣡡
һ߳ڣҲйǰǰéɽ֮һݼأʱéɽһķʯ۵һ·Ӵ꣬˹壬ԭһܹ֮ݻΪһּԦ󷨣ǹ󡭡
˵ʱͼеɫԽѿҸϽʰ˵ʲôã˫һס
Ѿסôˡ
üͷش˵ʯԦ׮꾭ʹ飬ӶñеĹ޷ߣеаȴûн˵ĹЧȻסڹ컯֮ס֮۴ıѵ˵
˵ͻȻһǰͻȻͼŴ֮Уͳһذ׾ͳ˹ȥ
ƣǸʲô
ʧɫΧعӰͬʱϽ㣬ȻŴȴȫΧЩӰһ㣬ӵͿ
ƣ󷨲ֵңٲͣҲġ
һŭ𣬶ʱͼֻӰѳû˵ŴƱϣ϶ݺݾһڡ


938 
ʦ֣
һŴƱӰҧסŵϽǰһʩȣȻһ׻ŸոմŴ׺ݵһȴ泯˹
׻𡰺һǹӰȼɻҽͬһʱ䣬ŴƵһҲѾʵʵؿڡ
һƺߣ˳ĲԶŸովΣŴȴѼּ̧һпһֱȡš
ʦ֣Ǹ
мܱˣҪʱ̶ΧһεĹӰϮʱ֮⴫һЦʦ֣㲻طҪȡΪĻˣͱһҪ࣬Ϲ󼯾ֻҪȡ֮Ѫҳɹ
˵ͼ£ͻȻһ˵ʱѾֱǻ
ʦͦס
˵ֽ̧ӡӡͬʱͼ֮еĵͻȻðһ
Ǻ̿ʼʱ򰵵ʼߣŨûõĹͽеŴƵϥû˳˵ϥǿʼ
һ˫üøˣɫҲԽԽѿǺ̾ͬһһԴԹڹ컯֮£Ǻ֮дȥֻҪҵᣬŴƵˡ
ʦ֣ٲ֣ͣԼҲûģ
ֻ֮£ҪмŴƵĹȻЩģʱһȻõȴŴЦӦԴҵһпʼѾˣħѡˣͲ֮ɽţҪɽħѾǲܵˣԵʦһȱ
ʲô
⻰ʱһٶȾŴƣ㣬Ƿ׽̵׸ʲôԻҩ㾹ȻҪ
ٺ٣ԻҩǲأֵǮܳΪħһԱܱαĵ֮СȰֻ֮ʣһ߿տյĳƤҪǿö࡭
˵䣬ŴԽԽͣеĺҲѾԽԽңۿžҪȫС
ģģؿȥͼ鶯ӰҲѾԽǿȻǻǾҪ塭
ʱͻȻһɽµķǶʮʿˣѾֳַⷽ˹
쿴ǲʦ֣
һɽеһȺʿʱʧɫϽǰ壬һ˴ţӡɫҲѿһֳۣвŭ죡ȡѪΪ֮ױյħ֮УȡѪѽ
źŴƵĹƸӵʱͼһȺʿҲѾȺŰ˹ȥ
ʦĪ£ʦˣҿˣ
һȺСʿҲŭͬʱȿֺؿʼʧɫϽҪǧҪ
ϧһͼȺʿѲУţһǺزҽУǴд
󣬲Ҫ˼޹
ۿһȺ޷ʦһһرУŭʱһ˫쳤Х
㲻ҺùҾͺͬھ
˵˫ƽӡĵһʱ
ŴƼƲϽҲϮҲʼֳַ˫ƽӡ
ԲӦʮ֮ƿ֮󣬱һ˿϶ΪʮšزԲÿ֯ɱٵͷһӦɱٵ׹ӻ֮ΪֹУҲһ
һʱ䣬󷨺֮촫һ׻еĺ̶ʱʼҵطת
ͻȻءһ촫˫֮еĺ̡׻Լ˲ըǺ̽׻ҺͰأѡһ˵ӰûС

ڰ޾ĺڰɲǼͽȫޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮Уֻһ̶زҽд˷
ܵĺǣҲҪץץ
ڰ֮Уһ΢⣬΢֮ģģؿȥͼһСӰصʬǱϸһȻ󡭡
ȻոǾҵرը˵òᣬ֮ǰǿгЩСʿѾ˵˵ϣһɫȫûϢ
أ
ľͻȻԴʱҲѾ֣԰ֹΪոյıըѿһƵİϣҲѾûŴƵӰ
ͻȻһŭ𣺡ʦ֣㣬
ԽƮԶǰǳҲԽģ
ܡܡҵ塭ҳȥ
ͻȻ䣬һҽд֮ҺͰϽͷһ˲ɵۡ
ڰУͼſھҺͰԶĵطƴǿݻƵĲݴмУʱʱ鴤ڵ򼸸иһš
Ҳ֪ôˣȻôλǣǰУܿ죬ͼڵʹ෭һ׹ɽ֮£һСУӲݳ׵ס塭
ƺѾûˣ̱س˼ڴ֮УڽۣҺͰǰߣҲʹȫ˺ڰ֮С
ڰĳҲ֪ǹ˶ãӰٶȳҺͰǰʱѲ֪ʱһྻѣҲûκε˺ۣ͸ȫûвμӹ֮ǰһԡѪսһ㡭
ֱضҺͰޱ飬Ҳ˵ֻ˫΢΢زš


939 
ɽһۣڵǧʮλɽʦȫɽߴ٣پٻʮ֮оţǧŴδ֮ĺƽ١
ͻȻڣ
ɽ٣éɽݣһɽغɽ֮⣬ӱɱɽȥѶڽħţ峤սʧ٣µӼųɽϣɽ⵽شéɽɽɽɽ֮⣬ʮ֧ɽԱ׽͸ϴϵ֮ʮ֮оɥɽҡ
أ
ͻȻڣڶʵ㣬Ǿˣûоң
˵ʱüͷɫʻһµͷûֺ̧
ҡָģĸң
Ĭ֮ڲ̧ͷȻȴ𽥱ԽԼ
Ҳһֻ𽥱仯İƺʲôطϸһ룬ǲŰӵġǲǡ
ɽ֮ϣ˫֮кսġ
Ŵơ
ƺûбֳһ㾪㵣ͻȻһߣٶȳڣ㵽˭ǸóƺΪʦ塭ǡף
һڣ͵ء⡱һԺȫһƬհס
ף˵ʲô⣬⵽ô£
ֱǰûлش𣬶ȴѴǰ
ɽһս׹峤֮Ҫħ֮УΪˣҪħȻһ˸ףֻȡҵѪ֮ɽһСΪȡѪŴƴҲûҪһǣκμɹ֮ʱʦΪȴǿֱͣķ£ŴƴյʧءйΣͷԭӦͬʱעħеҺŴƣһ塭
˵䣬Լ˫֣ҧá졣
ҲҲ˵͡Ŵǡ
һѾ˵ˣȻʱɫһʣֻ֪ʮģ˭
ٶȳĬջһ̾ͷҲ̧˵ҡ
ɡŴǡ
ֻ֮ŴƱҵ壬ԭ̫Ӧˤɽ£ӻ岢ǳûɽϡұΪԼ޹ؽҪܻ뵽취оȳʦ֣֪ʦֵħȴʴҵġ
һ̾һЦ˵ϺѽоԣڵʱֽҲ˵ǲȽʱվ֮뿪һΪ׽֮ˣҲ뵥ҵŴƴһз
ǣǺءɹû
⻰֮Ҳʶ⻰ԭǶ࣬µҲ֪Ȼûгɹ
Ȼҡҡͷش˵֮һֱһƻ׹ֲֻ̼ϣҳԼķϧûҵҸΪ׹̵ж׽̼׷ɱҶҴˣ׽̽СԳһ׷ɱ֮á
ССĸףȻǳˣΪʲôֻᡭ
С׹̽д˾ʵһֱ׹̴ȨɽгţǿӶѣɽ٣Ҳ׹һֲС㱾ͷԣκȴûֹǵɡСһֱ׷ɱңС˵ԼǾң˭뵽һ޵оȻమɱΪ˱׳ޣҲΪרľңСԸ˼ϵʹԼ׹̴˾ݣһֻöӾİ£ɽС
˵ʱҺͰʵѾˡ
СɽӣκȴһֱĻƿȫֵߣҲǸ׹˫ͬʱɱɽУݻһɽսСɽУԼİ˱ŵɱԴ䣬߻ħΪ˺׹̽
ġ
뵽ԼȷԼ뷨ֳ㲵ΪʲôҪɱԼŮˣ
һһڣͼ΢΢һǿ־壬ȴûлش
С㣬¥׿ڸңɱΪ˾ܷһУΪʲôҪô
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ұ֮£ͻȻ䡰ͨһڵأĪس鴤Ӻдһ
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Щʱ޿̲ں㣬㵱ɱҵĸף׹̽ݻ£ôˣڡԭһжǴģȫǴġġ
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һĬĬͷ˵û㣬걻׽ħŴѾױħʴһУһУʮŸô飬Ҫü˵ķƻҲһ£Ǿ㣬һҴоܸоõ־ԴĿǷ͸ħ̫ɶĸ׵ڻɶЩδ׵ιڻѳΪ㡭ҲΪĵִ㣬˵һ䣬ִ䱻񲻶ѡڵһʱɱ㣬ⱻǣƻļƻ
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ȷʵԻǸΣǰܽӽ֮󣬶Ķ֣߲ʮУͻᱻɱ㣬ȥ


941 
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ϣ˵˵һ֮Խ֮ԻΪˣһжҼϵصδ£ô˵Լ˽Թοһ𣬵ֲ㣬ʮԹԹܺߡ


942 ׻
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仯һֱüͷϤİƺ򣬾ȻҲһ˹һ߸Ĭ·ָ֮£Ǳ׾ַ仯𽥱죬


943 ʦλ
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˵䣬һϽְݵڵأͷشһڡ
˵ͷ˫һǾϼİ֮´˳Ʈ˰ǰ˵ֵܶƴȫɽʱԭĶֱղأֱΪʦеʦӡһֱҶܣѴ㣻ΪżԼһɽʦ񵤣ʱ⣬һֱûܴ֣ʱˣȻѾΪɽʮʦҽȫɽʮʦʦű壬񡭡
һ˵꣬ǵҩҲѾɵ˰ǰϽ̧˫ֽסҩֳһۣͼڳЦͷ
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ϼһУģҿʼоԼ·ԼҲѾȫ޾Ŀ֮һ㣬ָһȫ·جج֮пʼڴ
ֹûõĹʧȴѾ»ع飬оҲһĪľع鱾塣
ľ˳ָ䡢ֺͷʼģҵֽŶľͷƤȻ

һߣŨѪ˲Ҵǻجج֮͵ؾѣһʱ俴ģ׺ϢҲʼȽŻȻסҵĲӡ
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һⲻɵɨһֻ֣֮£ͼһֻݺݵѾ𽥻Եİ
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ۿС׻֮ԽԽҴʧɫһСҲȷ˰ǵλãû˵ͳ嵽ǵ󣬡һպϻԪɡҺͰл


945 ʤһս
һҺͰлСһ߳
ϰְ֣ɣѾж˼ѵҪ֮ǰ˵˵㵱緢֮ʱϵΣǫǫӣΪʲôڻ
ΪͲְ֡
м׻Ϯ߽ҧضݺݺҰְ֡
˵⻰ʱɫȻҲ˵⻰ʱʹ࣬Ȼһ⻰ڣȴǡ͡һЦһʱ侹ȻԼͷļս֮С
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С㣬˵ûͲ֡
˵ͼһϸӰ׻֮˽Ŀ׵Ϳʼǰ壬ǱˣС衪
С㡣
裡ôҲˣ
һԼĸ׳嵽ԣΪûлԪɡıҲҺͰһн׻ͼСյ˺ۣҲͬѾѪ߰ߡ
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С˵߽Сּ̧ս֣ɱһš
ҵŮʲô£Ҿ㸴ʲôã
˵СݺݵԼŮһۣתһͱ˵سУһŭɽȫҪŴƵĻǷֿȴû뵽뾡취ȴ޷ֹһħʱҾѾҵǸȲģվҵˣѾУȻٷ㡭
СĸŮİһʱսŤת˺ƵˣСֶݺ˵ԭΪħʱ䣬ԼʧأҪҶɱ㣬ҡΪҰ㡭ȴû뵽ʵѱħռݣշ
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Ͳʲô׹̴ҵŴƣ֮뷨ȫΪħ̫Ѿ޷Լ׹ȷʵһֱи˵Ĵ㣬ȷʵһֱ뽫ǵʦ𣬿ΪᣬǾֵزԸΪ˼Ϳ̿Щһ׹̣һС
裬⣬⵽ô¡
ȻҺͰ⻰е˼ȻСѾǳɵۡ
ҪͷȻ˭ΪһУҸϽСȱʣֻܴˣֻҪסһ£ϰ֣ϰǸ˾ӣʹάϵʵ
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һʱɳʯذɫɫɫ׻ƳΧɢսԽԶԽҡ
һܣŰ׻֮£ϵһשѾ׻÷飬Χ֮ڻ̣Ĳҽźʱʱûܽ׻һ
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ǰڻþ֮гǿž֮󣬰ĵԵõ˾޴ּ̧һףƼһʽ仯֮ǰֱ̥ͬһ㡭
ٿʲôˣȻܲ˵͹ƣȻķߺȴǱƵˣֻʣм֮
Ҳѹ֣һԹëýǻһʦᡢˣԼһᡢ׹ǰ˾˭ֵܵס
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ۿߴ˾ҪмܲסС׼ʱͻȻһŭ˵СΣһͳ˹ȥ
˵ߣһСŭҶû˵ϽسһСͰ˲ס˫֮ʣ˲󣬽ض·
ʱǰһѱյͷ˵СԼļݺһײͬʱ˫ƽӡ˵Ӱ˲һһʱͬһ㣬ȿֺؾͿʼȥ
ħϣҿλܣ
Сһŭ𣬺δ䣬ֻӰѽסʧɫֽš·ѱСԼס޼ƿʩʱͼϵӰӼͬһʱ̧˫һͨĺݺȥ
ֻһУһͬʱ˫Ҳ˲м׼͹ɵץԼĺͼֻӰӵʱŭһȻ
ҲãҸŴҲգһУýˡ
Цֻһ˲Ӱ˫֮ƳǰСһ̡ءһײؿϡ
һʱ󵹷˳ȥȻ̧˫ǰһģŴĵȴǷֱײСͰˡ

ۿԼŮҪ׻УСּۿæŮƵڵأǵҲ˲䴩͸СĿڣٿҲѱ͵һлУһƺߡͨء
Сס
ˤİͻȻҾŭ𣬶ȴײεܣʱС


946 ø
С죡춯֣
ٴξײõɳȥǰһͼеİѷڵأٿΪû׻𱣻˵СĸŮҲ֧ڵϣվʹˡ
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ۿ˶ѵ£ҪƷȻΨһϣ
ŻûײڵأҶû˵˫һ§ס˫۵ͬʱ˳˫ֽӡ
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ƲʧɫȻȴ޷ҵѳȥҲݺһۣ˫ǰӡ
Сӣٲſңʬ޴桭
һŭ˲ͼһ׻ȼ׻ǰδеļңҲҸ̫Եʣ׻һըɢһǿҵ˺Ѹ˲۵һ죬ͷʱͼԼ塢˫۵Ƥŵİ¿ѣͬ˺һ㡭
ۿѪƤϱ˺ѵĵ˿ҲһҽУһҧһۡ
ʬ޴ʬ޴棬ʬ޴棬Ҳͬھ
⻰ʱԥľʹƺѾʼɥʧǣ˻ƣ۵˳Žõӡȫ
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˲һ죬͵һ˲佫ҺȫûУȻը
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𽥽ûǿ֮һСķ򣬾ͼСĸŮԼѵشӵϳӣұըɳȥķ˹ûǳ嵽ҵǰѽҵȫڸǡŻʹѾѪˡһԺһƬհס
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Ŵơǡˡ
ǳҵײײ߹ģŴƣվǰŴơ
˿ѪҲԾغٺһЦ˵ĽޣЦ˵ŴƣʲôҲûңʲôϵ֮£ҲܣӾǵĿ㲻ˬӣúýѵѵְĸףΣ
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ҡ
С˵Ķԣ㡭ҵĸס
ͻȻ䣬ҲĿĲ԰֮дŴ˲ʧɫ͵ػͷһͼʤѩİԶһɫ׵֡
Ϊҵĸף۶˸㣬Ҷᡭ֣ҽ㡭ຣɡ
㡭߿㲻Ҫҡ
ۿԼŴƶʱŵس˲¡
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ǿٶȽҵȫڱסһΣȫûκ֪

ǸоǺȾƶƬһһƬհ֮еŴƺͰҼ̣ͷ·Ǹ֮зһ
ȶ̵ġȶ̵ġ
ˣٲǶС˰ѽҸɶѽ򡭡
û۾һǿйҵĶС
ܸоԼüͷǿصƤ̧һ˿ͼ谵УģģӰǰһΡ
ˣˣˣ
ģģģֻһνСŮһֻ߬һ׻Դһֺֻݺݳͣǰ׻ĹͻȻһУŮŰת˹Χһյҵǰ
ȶ̵ġȶ̵ġ
ֺҼҳصԴѣеһŽҲ
СС㡭
ȶ̵ģˣˣ
ѹСһѾ߬סҵ֣ǸոհĹҲչʼٺɵЦϸһֳΧһС㡢ţԼ㡢խZ۵ҲҵԱߣһЦöϲ£ˡ
С˯춼ˡ
һ߰ҷֶүһЦҡҡͷЦǺ˵ͺãոϢ浣һ˯ȥء
ûлش𣬱ʱֻụ̂ͷһɨͼԼĸ첲ϡϺ϶һȦȦѪıѪǴҵ͸ģһһȻȻ˵òᡣ
ʱԱ߰ӺٺЦ˵Сӵģ¼ֱǧа
㣬˵ʲôѽʵ
ٺЦ˵㻹أһ»úúøл˼

ѽͷѵǰô㹻ɻҽˣû뵽ǻ쵰׻˹˲ףɺ֮°٣˵Ѿһѹǻˡ


947 ѡ
û˵꣬СԱߺݺָһͣһ˵Сӱ˵ôĻвУ˵ˣЩĸͲϰ֣費Ƕ˵ˣ
СһŵøϽ죬ίöˡ
СһԸŮʹ˸ɫҡҡͷ˵С㣬Ҫ˵ЩˣȻϰĸԸЩվѲϵο
С˵Żͷɨһۣ˳˷Ҳ˹ȥͼھǺԶǽǴ˫Ŀȶһ
οվҪںĸܡ
ĸ⻰˵꣬С죬˵ͷ˵裬ҲãҡҼˡ
ôˣ
һԭأ̲סһ䣬˵ž´ȻʵǾʹ̣ջ̱˴ϡ
СϽҵ˵ȶ̵żû¡
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˵Ĺ򣬾ͼǽǴİü΢΢£ɫѿ֪Ϊͷ󺹡
Сֽ˵İɣ֮ԱΪԪϡ
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һ㶣С˵ͷ˵û֮ǰĸսϰ֣סϰѾ
С˵ҲһϲȻʱСȴͻȻ˵˸ֻ֣ٶȳ
ֻʲô
ֻȻѾסϰֵˣƲסġ԰š
СֹɫһԵĸһϽǣСֽӹ˻ӣ˵ħ̫ʮΪȫħţѾħ븽ϵŴΪһԣҪħŴ֡
ŴƣңҲ̫˼
˵Ŵƾħû壬һֱ֮ϲƻҪֹһǽԼħһЧǡ
˵һ룬СҲһ˿ãȻûٶȿڣڴҡҡͷŵ˵У֪֮ǰÿ˵ԸǳϾѾˮ桭οҺͰڻþ֮е洫Ʒүǵҵʦ
֪֮ǰѾ˵
С˵ͷ΢΢һЦֽ֮˵ǲͬΪеٮٮߣΪ̹̹ԵΪ뷨һ֮ǰҲô˵ģΪֹҶѾɱԼɷ׼ǡʼȴֹסҡ
ôô
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Сش˵һôֻʣһֹǻǳϣԼĻͶ֮УϾϵħ֮У˵һ˫꣬ܽħڻɱס¿ԼҲ˵ԽħĿ½ȳ
ˡ
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˵ѾԪϣУȥȥɱԼĸס
һһڣΧһĬ
Ĭ֮󣬾ڶԵС˵ͷС̫ᣬΨһİ취ˣҲ֪̫ڲ̣ϾֻаΪˣǿ崩ոաéɽ֮С׹̽Ļڵġ
ѵ˵֮⣬ûİ취öȥɱӣ̫Σˡ
ԥ˵οŴƵҲðһȥðգ⣬̫Σˡ
ΣգҲûбİ취
С̾Ϣ˵ʦ׹䶼ͨʵûа취һ˵Ļڴз壬ȥæΪˣΨһֻһ㣬ҲͽԽԽɣ֮һж˰ϣʧܡ
Сüջǳʧܣֻɱ
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ֶүԱ̾Ϣ˵ȷʵǼ£бʬΧɽֲʣǻ̫Ҫе֪
ħҲκ飬Ŵħ̫㣬ֻẦ㣡֮ʧܣϳ
УܰɰҪ︮ã㲻︮ǻŲ׹̵Ĵ˾ء
ǶҪˣ
ۿ˾ҪһŭΧ˸Ͻ죬׷׳˹
ҸϽʣ˭ȸң⵽ʲôطֻ˶ãľôˣ
Сģںܰȫ
ֶүԱ߸Ͻش˵һսȻأаסǳûΪʤǻ749ָӴ¥Уд749ԱѾץЩΪʣΧľҲóȻ¥ơ
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ֶү˵ͷ˵Ȼ749ս̳ʱ̳죬֮ǰкܶǹе豸ǶãſҲѾԼֵǷˣʱĽʬġ
ҡҵ׻˶á
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ֶү˵Żͷ˿ǽϵӱҲѭĿ˹ȥͼǽӱϵʱָʮһ룬⡱һǵǸʱû磬û뵽ҾȻôá
Σһ߬סֶү·ʵ
ʱֵſڷ
İɣʱްֻһ⣬һһֱĲ¡


948 ĸ
ֻһڣҵĿ̶˹ȥͼͬŲɴĳпſضСԵš
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Ĭһ˵Ƿľˣ֮︮⣬ҲѾϵ¥˶ۼڶæЩԮӵ䣬źܿͻϢġֻɵӡ
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һߣ˵Сӵһ£Ѿýľ֮ˣȻΪôƴսʣҪ¥˼ʱʬȺ˳ѾˣҲǿϧ
С֣ңҲ˵
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һ仰һεԿһ㣬˲ʹ˳ǻŭ
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Խ˵ԽȦͨ죬Ųصͷ
һֱԱǰǴëͣϵëѾֳȫˣҲ֪ء
˸̣һڣתͷĳس˵ǰСţһʱҶææģҲûʱ˵¶Ȼһڴˣͺú˵һ˵ɡңû뵽㾹Ȼҡ
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Ӷˣһ£ͷСְëˣ۵ֱл
Ȼ˭֪ʱͼһֱͷ̧ͷһֳųɨһ̲֮ס˿ڡ
С֣ˣһǸ˵˰ɣʵʵʵҲ衭
ʲʲô
⻰һڣΧеˣ˲侪סٿ֣ѾõԲ˫ۡ
裬㣬㿪ʲôЦ
ǰСţǶ˵ңԹԹѣ֣û㡭ҲòűϹɣ
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ôⲻܡ裬㣬ƭҡ
С֣侲˵侲˵
˵ʱͼͻȻ᲻ԾѴۿ䡭
С֣ңĲ衭¡ұұһֱȥֻ㵱һúһӵġҡҶԲ㡭ҡĳˡ
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һʣȻʱͼ˫ϥһͨһ͹˵ϡ
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ŻһڣΧһ㵣ҲѾĿ࣬Źڵʹʧţû˵һ仰
Ĭ֮󣬲ʵֽ˵꣬ҷʦ֮һȺʦֵԮȣû뵽ȴڰ·׹̵Ϯʦֵأֻһ˱·¡
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˵ȻˣϽ˰˵СŰ¶ͱ˵ˣ̫̫ˣϸڣ˵ĺ𣿡
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ˡ
ŵûͣ£ֽ˵֮ʵʲôûз֮ƭ˵Ѿ彻㣬ƭģҲں˷ޣһԸԶһֻҪߣʱܿ㣬չ㣬㹻ˣǡȴңһˡ
ͻȻһͷһֻЬ˦˹ȥžһϣҵѪֱ硣
վиȣҲֻţĨ˰ѱѪֵ˵ҲףСǡ
͵͵뿪Һұ⣬Һ㣡ҺΪʲôҪҶȥҲǴɷŭޣ֮ҷ置רֻҪħͻ뵽㣬ҺޣΪҶĺޣҲϧնɱħӲ֣ȴּҲ޷ƽеķŭҲų¥ҪɱҪҪѩޣһ죬ҵץһֻǡһֻİٶеİ졭
˵ʱζسųɨһۡ
ʱֻ죬ѻС


949 ɺ
仰ڣѱɫ԰ףⷬҲѾʶʲô
ššСָòᡭ
С·Ҳֱ˵ȴѼᶨص˵ͷɨһ𾪵ĳ֣˵ǳֵףңҲǳֵĸסĸӾĸסһֻİе쾫
⡭ⲻܡ
С֣Ҳǲܵ飬ࡣ
Ŵ㸸ĸһԣɽʱ䱻ײ򾪶ǵʱĴռ⿵¥ǵǱɽ壬뽫ǶӾ쾫һץ񣬿Ӿ̫ͣҵвǳߣֻֻ쾫񣬺ͽ¥ҡˡĸ
ƭңƭң
ֵԲ˫ۣȫŵĻȻЩ˵֮ŵıȴ̹ȻڽЩѹʮĶ³һʣµֻǵȻɡ
С֣ûƭ㣬ʵǡûκεĹϵ
ųһֽ˵ɱĸʱѾУˣɱǰϧﳯͷǳ棬ĿɶΪ˵
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ңҲţ˵ģΪûһɱҸ󡭡
ΪǸΡ
Ȧͨ죬˵ǽĸ׵Ķʳʱ㻹޷仯ΪΣǽСӣʵۣЩ꣬ұڻҪӵķȻ㣬Ψһһڵľ㵱ʱʦԣ½Ϊ󻼣Ǳ𣬿һȻȻѡ£ҽ㸧ˣҲʱ־ֻΪֲɱĸ޷ͷĴɡ
⡭⡭ǡ
ȫãȻ˼죬ȴû˵һСԱͻȻʣţһǲף˼ֵĸӾĸ쾫Ϊʲôȴǰ
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ʲôǣΣûԭΣôܲǰ
Ĳǰ
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ҡҺеˡ
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ŵ˵ͷֽ˵ɵƤ񿹴򣬶ƺ̫ãܾ󣬾ΪżαǴ˺ɲ𣬶ɱÿζѣЩ︮ˣһΣʮǰǽ˺ֱɵߣ֮ȴ͸˼ƵģҲûǰֹʱǻΪˣ˻صؿףһΣֱֿҲ֪ԭһֱţ֮ǰҵЩޣƺѾǵˡ
Ϊʧˡ
˵СͻȻӹ˻ӣҵĿⶼ˹ȥС˵֪ɵӺȥҲܸ㡭һСʱɽҩʱȹһֻ˵ӣӵʱƺأɵÿɰʱҸûʶħͰʱ㣬ǺܾܿɵһϮ¥֮£ӴܺңҾ
ԭ
ŻȻ򣬾Сֽ˵֮ǰڷҺɵطʱ˳Ҳһ£ɵӼǵñҴ֮£ҲǵСʱ£ммļǱĨɱһ㣬ҵʱͷشҲ²⣬һʧˡ
ĻǾͲˣɼʧ䣬ȷʵҲɵÿɰ񡭡СʱСƵġ
֣ĸ΢΢һЦ˵ǵõɵνʱǾͷ֣Ժܴ󣬳ճɵɵģ˺ôȥǱشֳءӣҲǵʱħģΪ̳˸ĸľԪѾ߱һʱ¥ıϾ࣬ԼͬһͻȻ仯ΪຢӳǰһΪԵʣ˫ȴŸ׵ĺۼ̳ĸ׵ĻǸǴΪ𾪣֮㾹ҲûֳĿҲΪ׵Ļ̫ǿСȻάΣһά֣άֵڣȥķ㶼˰ɡ
ҡҾȻǡǴ
Եùʹ࣬ٶʣӣңΪҵĳޣŽ˺ӣʵȫȥЩú޵ģҲŶԣҶһС
衭衭
裡Ǹ֣
ͻȻһ⴫û˻ͼɵҡΡȦ˲侪㵣֮ȴ̹ȻһЦ
ڼ𣿺ã㱨޳ʱ򡭡ˡ


950 ֻ
˵ſ˫۱˫ۣƺ׼
ٿҡߵſڵӣˣʮ㣬ΪŭԵʣڲݺݶһŭ𡪡
ո˵Щ񶼻벻ǳ£÷С޲£ҽ󷢣г»ɽﱾһĽɾ£֣Һü㲻˵ҲһҪ
˵һʱҡγ˹ȥһƺѾ
Ȼûҡγ嵽ǰһֱſڵĳͻȻһ׷һѾͰθ߬ס
㲻ɱ
쵰ӣɱ裡
Ҳô꣡
㡭
СС֡
һʱ䣬ڵնסӺͳһӣеԽԸӡ
С֣һңҡҴˡ
˵šͨһ̱ڵأһӽ߬ҲòӵҲڱ
ˣǶǻˣǻˣ
һһߴԭ볯ųȥȻȴ̲סͣͷɨ֣ͼɽ߬εͷ
ôꡭѾĸԴҡҲɱѽ
ǻˣ
УתȥһʱҲǴʧɫһĬ֮ͻȻץκݺݵسŵ˦˹ȥǱС㼰ʱһקסѾŵԴϡ
㲻ҵ裬ҲĶӣôĶ𣬴ڿʼˡ
û˵꣬תܣһϽҲһӡ֮Ĩ׷˳ȥ
Ҷ˵ɳŵĶԹԹ֮޷԰Σֱžһ죬˲ڻعѭķȥһֱĬĳ±ںݺһš
㡭Ҹɶѽ
ƨɻͷ±üͷֳ̧ſһָ˵վһ˷ѵһܵȥ׷
ҡһֱϲѽ
㲻ǲΣҶ̫ʧˡ
±ôһ˵ǺٺЦƨ˵лл㡱֮󣬸ϽȾ׷׷ſȴֱ±ס
һͷ±ӵ˵Բ֮ǰҴˡ
ٺ٣ûû£Ҿ˵Ƕ;Ʒզܺȶپƾͺȳأȥ׷ǣ㡭
ûϽ׷ȥĶԹԴˣҲԾضһ
һ˵ĶԹֲĵسǽǵİ˹ȥͼԭأɫѾȸոջҪѿˡ
ˣһ˵˵°ɡ
һڣ˵Ŀ̶˹Ҹæ˵Ǳ۹ǰﲻæˣܲԴȥɣ
˵Żҳֶүһۣʵүڻж֣
ֶүش˵֮ǰҸոͳ꣬Ǳ¥Լһʮˣд󲿷¥ˣܲߣҲֻʣʮֵܣʱ䣬½ֳɹԮֻԮӣԼһЩֲ֣̳дܹһʮˡ֮⣬Ԯͨٶˣһ˱ʾԸǣһ𹲶Ȼѡ749Լ507ķ²ʮˣڶڵңԸЭǵǿѺš
ֶү˵꣬խZҲһ˵Աװ̳ҲʱΪأɻһʱΣվǳ֮ơ
ҵȻףˣ749µͨѶ豸Ķܲã
豸ѾϵڳһЩֲԱȡ˴
˵խZ۵ɫͻȻѿüͷֽ˵漱ҲֹۣýķֲԼΧһЩħϵԮǰϵںԤϵ⵽أ749豸ʱϵΧ֪ϸѾʱɽԱʵļƻӦϣڰΧɱһȱڡ
ǲܴȱڣ
խZۻһ˵꣬ҸϽҡҡͷ˵³Ѿʧأʬأ;ӸڰΧһȱڵĻѱнʬûȥɲһħǷһֻʬҧ񣬶пٶ຦һǰգǲðա
ǰ֮ǰҲ۹ûðֱӶ֡
ֶүش˵°ΧްǴˣرһѾŰΧ˺ܶ749Ƚ豸նһֻһֻҰӲȥġٲ취ӳȥĻֵǾͶסˣҪ
ģˮͣа취ģǡ
үү쿴
ûҰѻ˵꣬ͻȻ⴫һźҸջͷȥͼһ︮ѾŻŵܽﻹһֻ
ֵһܽţһ۾ɨڴϵңʱŵõһϽϥй񣬼˵ˣԭѾˡ
ҵ˵ͷֶүʣҲţŻܽ
ոһ֧Ԯӣ¥ϵźŹǻ͡
Ǻѽ
ѵһϢҶʱϲȻֵ˵أȫӾֻʣĸˣⶫ
˵Żֻֽǵ˹խZ۸Ͻֻݵҵϣԥһ˵ⲻһֻͨʲôýŵģ
ǡǿ֪ˡ


951 Ƶ
⻰ҸϽĻһͼͣƵλãһ۾ͿǶŵƵ棬֣ƺһưɣһֳҲһпҹ깤ҵһĻĻӿͷЩᡣ
ԼɣƵǸոϵļֵܴģ˵ھԮСӵϮص¼ġ
Ϯص㣿
ûСԭʮˣȺʬΧǺؽһưΪװȫǿԵֵʬȺһʱģ֪֪
һֱµģҲɵЩķϽüʵ֪ʲô㵹˵ѽ
ҡҲ֪ô˵ѽ֮Լ˾ˡ
īģ
Ұֵһۣһָ͵㿪ƵҲϽΧ˴ߣҪ
Ƶһ㿪ģһ˺ѷεزҽ
ƵһΣģģӰ˻֮Уһ׹̺ۣǻǿģΧ︮Ӧ֧ԮСӵֵܡ
ʲôֻôͣ
ӡ
˵أԺֵǣֻΪ
ֵ˵أͻȻ䣬ͼƵ۵˫͵һΣѪɫ˳˫ճֵ︮ܵȥ
ֵܸϽ㣬ȻǺѳûһӭһˣһ죬һϤ˿д
ٺ٣үģȥɡ
һڣһѪɫѴǺ˵֮ءһʹһֵ︮ܵǻѪ׷ɡ
ʱѾɵۣҲȫס͸ʯһ
ʱ۵ջظ첲ͬʱתģģϳʱҲֳžͷķһ˦֣һѪɫ˷ɳ۶Ƶʹ˶񣬽ˡ
⡭⡭ôܡ⡭⡭
ǳɵˣߵСͺҲѾĿ࡭
ܣ
͵صһֻΪƵɱֵ︮ܵĺˡ
ҡ
ܵġҿûȥʲôưɰܲһʱ䣬Լȥɱ˰ɣ
ƺҪƲסֶүϽһȰ˵ȱżһйһֱڴϣҲ߿ţôܳȥ
˵ֳǹڵϵֵ˹ȥʵûǼӹֵܣʲôʱƵ
ڴһСʱ֮ǰ
ֵҲͬŵػش˵˵ھưΪ˾ǣ˭֪ͻȻͶǴɱ䣬ֵһɱ󼸸ֵʱص¼Ƶֻ˳ɹѡͿ̳¥źţ˹
һСʱǰôأһСʱǰڻء
ǡҡ
ֵ㿪Ƶ˼飬ԽԽ
ǶԼ˫ѪɫǷҡ
ѵð㣿
խZһʣȴľҡҡͷ
ܵģðҵˣǡƼ֮
뵽͵һüͷҲ˲ľʹֱ̣ӴӴϾȥŵֵŭӻļֵĶǹ
ֵӦһϽ˳ȥҲŵÿʼȰ侲û󹦷򣬾ͼĸӻֵе˽һʲֵ֪ܣһڽ̳һΪʬҧˣڽܽҲ֪ǲЧ
ڴͷͬ־壬ƺǻûǾưɵѪɱ¾лعһʣ˸Ͻԭԭ˵͸ֵ˵һ
֮¾ǣǵĶΪʬΧ˵˽ֱһưھưȥͻȻˡҡȻ޽䱸֮ʣưġҡͻȻʼǷɱЩɱ⣬ֻʣֵܵƴڻ³Χնʬ
˵֮ѾȫɵۣĬһ£ʱʵ˵ǳµľưʲôطҪȥ
˵Żٶȳӣһ͸о˿ͬ˺һ۵̲סҧҧ
ȶ̵ģȱ𼤶ûô򵥡
Сһקסң˵Ȼϰѱµпǲľ֣ȥѡˣпǸˣһֱû¶棬麣ȴ749УĻ̥ѱڴʲô⡭
ˣ麣أ
С麣Ҳ˵ֶ֮ү˵麣֮ǰҲ۲æһʬͳˣҲ֪ӵȥ
˵껰ֶүĬһ£˵ѱıϾ̳ڶǵˣҪԸҲ֣ȥ
ܵģƵǸ˷ңľ֮⣬ѵ˾߱Ƶı仯֮
ɨһֱԱߵľһۣľ½üͷҡҡͷ˵ӸոƵϿѾˣȷʵǼֱ㣬ȫûһ˿Ĳͬ
棬϶йһҪȥ
˵ŻСĸ첲ײײſߣҸϽקңȰ侲Ķ侲
ݣͻȻСһŭ𡪡
ˣұ죡
С㻰һڣҶסֻС˵ȶ̵ģڵףֵǶˣô³çж
С㻰ųڣӻһֵͻȻ˵С㣬䣬ʵɱСӵģ˸ءֻû¼Ƶѡ
ʲô
⻰СһͻȻһۣһ
ţҪȥ


952 ȫͻΧ
Сߣ첲ӾҪ壬һβˣҸϽס
С㣬嶯
ﶼð䣬ɶʱ뿪̳ǵðƤɣ
СȦͨ죬СͶ˸Ͻ׷סⱩƢСѾͷѾȥˡ
СŭδΪĸ׵СϽȰ˵嶯㿴һƣڳȥϾͻû
ûҲȥܲɱðҲܰɣʲô岻壬ǵÿ˭ðң
СŭƽһʱΧҲ֪ôȰ˵źˡ
ϾҲȥСֵ֣ҲϽһʱԿơ
˫ִ£ڣͻȻһŭ𣺡ˣֵһģСҪȥ㣡
ԴӻΪɽһĵԽԽˣ˵ʱͼ׹¶һһɹɵĹǿʼĦȭơ
Ҳȥ
ҲûȺеǸ׳ƣһٶִȾСϾѾΪ˺ùۣ˵Ӱ룬ȻѾ̬СȻҲš
ɣҲһ
һ˵ǣޱƵҲʼ̾һ£ǼֶүΪüͷ˵ǱϹвУѾˣǶȥĻô죿˻мƽҪǱء
ֶүһڣҲһĬ̾˿˵ү˵öԣǶ嶯ȻֻҺСйأãȥˡ
һ˵ֵ꣬˵бˡ
˭Ҷʱʡ
СкӴ͡͡Ͱ
ʲô
⻰ڣҸ˲ʧɫ˲ᡭ
ô£
һĬ̾˿һɨ˺磬ʵ磬ʲô㣿
ɨһۺ磬ɨһ۰˵˵ˣߣһҪײУ
ã϶ûȥǾһ·
һһ˵꣬ΧƺҲǣһȰ˵÷ˣ̲סһŭ𣺡𳳣Ҳ︮ĸҵģô
ԴǣȻҲٶ˵ʲôСû˦Լ֣ſײײߡ
УҲȥðգ
Сٶ׷ŵסԼŮ˵ӣҲ︮ˣǲǸܲңҸһȥ
裬ûոֵ˵Ļ𣿡
Сͷ˵Էֹðңðȶ̵ģð˺ӺͰ磬ѾԶ׼ˡǵĿǼļˡ
С˵Ҳ˵ͷȷʵңС㣬ӣ磬һֱͬڣֱ
뵽Ҳս̲סһ̾
Ѿȥ֮⣬ԷǼ˶ðˣҲǲѾ飬ԲŹðĸ
ɶԷĿֻʲô
꣬һͷѾȻˣҪôҪܻۼ˵ҪôǹȥɲʲôĿĶǴﵽˣܺãǳȥ۾
˵ߣֶүڱǵףСǼ״̬ôôĵѽ㿴һսѾһˡ
ү˵꣬С㡢ԼҲȷʵӴſһĹѾ۵ˣٿСͺ磬ϵȻҲ᲻˶٣Ͼǿ׳ǻãСˣһֱǷѵĻҲȥˣһֱҵĴ顭
һʱֳĬֳĬһȴӵؿ˿ڣҪǡҪǵóȥĻи취
취˵
㻰һڣҵĿϽ˹ȥ
ͼ㱻ҿһ죬ͷ䣬ĿƯ֮ǰɵӳϡ



ע⾯䣡ţ
żֶүһŭȣſڵһȺֵܸϽֳַýӹ˵̳ţҲͬһʱ쿪
ɽֶ׼
ֶүһ𣬾ȺдһʮȣһȺֳֻֽſڣŸһ϶һǺһȺع¶ȿֺؿʼŷˡ
ɱ
ͷһŭȣŭ֮࣬һɰ˼ͬһʱ̧֡һֽ˲ɳ𽥿ŷ˹ȥ
һһֻֻʬϣȺʬըһŻ
˵ЩʬܵŮ洼ƻʵӰ죬ڵҵĽŷߣǱǷȼը󵹷˳ȥ
ɢ
ͷ֮һŭ𣬾ͼѾзİǾȻس˿Ⱥֳ֮дľ׮ıδľ׮ſһͳ塭
ײǣ
һߺȣľ׮Ȼײǰ漸ֻʬϣڶסſڵʬȺײһѪ·
·һײһȺ˶ʱֳָɫҳ˳ȥûһĹ򣬾ͽʮֻʬѹס
ͳڣһ·Сģ
սеĴͷ˻һ䣬ҡС㡢磬ϱƴ˳ȥ󣬾ͼ㡢ޱֶүԼơխZ۵ˣҲϣһȺƴǰ壬ǱƳȥ
ǵΧֻһ󹷽ǺһֻֻҰһȺȺǣ칷ͱָ»ҳüһͼһδֱ̳һл𳵡
ǧСİ˵ö壬ܱʵͱʵ򲻵ǧҪԶ֣
ֶүһѣҸϽϻͷͷүģж㣬ллĺ⣬ѿûбȱˡ
˵Ĺ򣬰Ѿǵεǵǵǵ̳ܵǰƽϣһ¶棬ͼҹɫ֮УΧѳһֻֻʬ˹
ҸҪվʰǣȴӰһӶȻǳޱѾǵҡΣԡȥ
ʦͽ֮ǰҲᣬ̫Զǰ㿪·ǿɾԼСˣ
ޱһߺһҡξЩʬķ壬嵽ǰʱŴһԾ£ʩչϼˣûһĹͽЩʬ˵
һսȷʵҲ˵ĲᣬҧظսЩʬѾ۵վվסˡ
ᣬǳĻ𳵶飬ڰ˵ĸǰ壬ޱҲֱ˷Σ̱ؿʼơ


953 ʵ
ûȳ̳ǰĿյأεһȺѾΪڻǶ˻սû취ֻԼǵҡǰ壬һ߳壬绹һߺںš
ѽɱѽСҪ쭳ɣ
ү
󣬾ͼֶүխZۡСҲ׷״ս֣һս֮£ڰС㡢ɱһѪ·
ǵС㣬Լ칷ǹӣͼСԾֽ̧ӡ֮ӰζͽֻĽʬڵء
ᣬСһ˹ͬʱ͵һžСοϡ
ŮһҪƽѽ
Լĸ׺ݺһһߣСΡˡһ¾ǰȥײǰʱСοһţһߵҵοϣҡξǰ壬һȺǺ͹ҲһΧнʬ̳ȥԷˣһƴȫ۵ͷһҴ
ٿС㡢˵γַʽȷʵΪǽʡ˲ٲԼӦսƽ޹ˣǸ첲ȷʵۣûһĹ۵Ҳͷøһˡ
Ψһ糣굥첲ˣоǵľҡҡֵ졭
ι
ʵҡòˣСɨһۻԵıеֶĥ¶ƤˣͲܰæ𣿡
ôԱһмܽʬһߺ
ͼСץһӣֳűϻûӶˣͲܽһ·𣿡
СѾͷо仰йû¶ɲǸģҪҲҹ
е
СһҲԣһŤͷͼ칷Ѿ嵽˲Զ԰칷һףһŭ𣺡ܣ
ιôŰģ
칷ȻϱԹ֮ĶҺСξǰܣһսͰùǺˣڻҪ۵øƵġ
һⷽЧȻҲûϽƨɵ׼õ׶˳׷ЩҰĲϣǰܡ
һ绹һأС˵ʥ˲
ʲôʱ˻ЦСӰұϣ
Ǵžǰ֣·ûټٽʬ߸ŵǺ͹ҲѾʣ޼ˣûȰյͼ֮ǰСֶӳµľưɣͶѾ۵ˣС㡢ֻܼǵҡΡ
ҡ˶ʮӣǰҹĻ֮£һעĿڳǵǰͳͼһۣϽߵСͺеСģѾĿĵˡ
һ˵СͺϽ䱸Ҳҡ̫ˣһưſҡһ߾سΧ
ΧĵģͼϺ˵һֻֻʬĲЩڶ˽ʬ֮⣬ϻɢźܶ˵ʬ壬ԼʽķȻ֮ǰһսɵġ
һֱҡεưſʱҲûΧκεһȴѱøˡ
ҽ֮ʱԱʵС۰ѳͣĶ
ͣãг𣿡
С˺һۣû˵ҡξưɵǰ˹ȥҺͺϽ󣬼ѵؿ̨ףҡξͽš
ǾưɵĴ棬ҲͬǰģǵѪʬ֮⣬ȫκε쳣
ưɵĲ֣ͺ֮ǰҹҹ֮ͬſһȣߵǽŸʽĺȵľͷһտڵĴ
ƹ谵޺͸Ӫһֹ졢õա
ǶСһԷȻðȻƽƽ
ССҺͺһ䣬Ͻ˵ͷǸӽ䱸ҡγƶ˹ȥ
ȻŸոƶȾͷûȽأͻȻһ
ĥأСиڹˣ˶С
һ˲䣬ѾԾ桭
ٺ٣涺զˣ磬С¶أҪԭһ£ҿ˳ǼǮ̫ˣûעɡ
棿üӸɵ֡
ɵ
ɵƣϹѽ
һľҡΣǰһͼǾưɵĮ̇ǰһֵĺӣץһѡǮ͵سߵһСȥ

Ǯ˲ҷҵѾֹסشϻ
⡭ⲻܡ
Сͺ翴һ棬ҲѾȫסĿҲ˵һ仰
ɡܰɡ
С˵Сǲ̫۸ˣҲˣ쿪ʼһǮҾͶһָͷûҵĥˣ
ٺ٣ǵҲΣҪʱҺúò飿
϶ȥˣⲻƨûɶԿϸ椶ִȥȥˣ˵ô꣬Ķʲô˰϶СŮϣϴȥ椶һͲǺöĻ֦չľˣ·ŽţŸŵأװX

ľϣſڣǰһϲĵȻ
һУֱһҿ磬ڰ̨ϣƽһƢƢˣһš
һңߣһɫıٺٺٵЦ
һж˵Ϥǵϵǲʬ壬һΪԼһĻ֮С
ܡ硭硭
ڣ̲סг˿ڣҲ˲ľʹϳӾǰ壬Ȼ̨ǰ棬ȴȫûע⵽ҵĴһһ߶̯Ǯһƾơ
磡㿴ҰңС
Ҳ̫˼˰ɣҾƵģĨͳ˹ȥȻ׷СȴԱһקסҡ
ҸһͷС͵ҡҡͷŵ˵𣬱ȥǼٵģ
ǣ㿴㿴Ǿ磡Ҹôãұ˭Ϥ
ǣȶ̵ģһ㣬ǲ磬Ǹٻúÿˣģһǲģ
С⻰ڣԺСˡһ˲ס
ȻʱȴһŮ۵ӽĿɳ洫
ȶСӣ
⻰һСҲѾȻʱͼԵǸҡû˵ѭķ˹ȥغٺһЦ
Ӵⲻ̫ƽС˵˭ȶأ


954 ٻ
˭˵˭£㲻ȶ̡̣ҵһǵﶼʲôóԵģ
ʲôУԼ£
Уϸ棬ӸӸձٷˣҪˮΪҲ̫ȵġ
ⷬԻⷬ󣬲Ǻ绹Сң׾ˡ
ⲻǵʶʱĳΪʲô֣
һǻþ
СͻȻһŭ˵͵һƾͳλϵԼ˹ȥһ˲ɫ䣬ءһʹ֮бȥ
ǻþĻһӦ̾ͻɢŶԣȻڿɳġС㡱ȴûþһɢСֵͬһʱ䣬ͻȻһӴּ̧͵һƾӭԼ˹ȥ
һʱͼȻһһģһһС֮ըءһ¾ͺСȥ۳һը˿
Ⲣǻþ
СһüͷϽбںϵĻԪɡק˳һΣɡֱָһԼһŭ𣺡ʲôȻð
֪⻰ŸոճڣͼһСҲѾ̧һָС㣬ͬʮЦʣʲôð
˵Լ治ɣ
˵Լ治ɣ
˵Ҳ֣ˣ˵Ļһһϵװ֮ļֱȫһޣ͸СվƵģҶɵۡ
㡭㲻ѧң˵ΪʲôҪð
㡭㲻ѧң˵ΪʲôҪð
Ӵǣ㻹ѧǲǣ
Ӵǣ㻹ѧǲǣ
ģ
ۼԷһֱѧ࣬СⱩƢĶܵˣһֳۣһԼŭãѧǸ˵ҰǱҾǸ֣
ͬ⡣
Ǽ١С㡱ͻȻһЦһС汬ˡ
ˣҲ㣡
˵СҪǰˣɻûһԼײһأͻȻͼĺӰ֮У͵һӰܶһ˲ĹѾ˵Եĺǰ
ûȺ練ӦǺӰּ̧һצӾӣʶһ㣬žһ˵ǺӰצ֮¶һ٣ȻҲηΣٵ˺üȦ
ʱҲѾѸײڶ֮˹ģȻǡ
һ硭
Ӷð䣡ӲĹͷ
ۿһԼЦ統ſڵһۣǱֹ͵þͬһֻʧصҰһ㣬˫֮ҲĹ䣬ܳһëͬʱֱҲѾָ˳
һڶЦһ磬ȻҲͬʼ˱仯ⲻɵҵһ
ôء
ԷܷðңðС㣬ð磬ѵ˵ܷðϹʱڵɽһ֧
ûҷӦͼͻȻһˣᡱһ¾ͽһԼ˵ڵأֻͬҰһһ
ۿǼ١硱ƺ֧Ҫţǰæɲ߳ûȼսأһŲԶͷѭȥǺǣͼһԼѾЦس˹һСҲѾһţͬľֹɫͬʽͬ䣬ΨһĲͬǣСУһ޷ðϹԪɡ
ҪȥĶҪĶ֣ء
һ̵ǰߣһһߣһ䣬Ǳֱֹ͸ȫһ
ǵʲôˣΪʲôҪðǣ
û֣ٶȷʣȻһȴֻҡҡͷͻȻ׹һѳ˹
Ͼ֪Էʲô֮ȻҲӲƴҪ㣬ͼһѾֱ̧ۣءһһѪɫ˲֮
͵һ֮𾪣Ȼƾ֮ʹãôܣ
СƴҶʽʽֻİʹʽѵ˵ԷðҵˣҲǰɼˣųҲܸôưɣ
һһּˣֻоһ¶Էû뵽ԷȴԽսԽ£˵ʹõʽˣ֡åܲҪĴ򶷷ʽֱһޣԼԼô
֪ʱͻȻͼһ׹Ѵӿзɳ۶£һ¶棬һʱͳ˹ͬʱ˫ƽӡ־ɵһ˲䣬ҵĵһоǵһ£ɵذһáϽԱߺһ󲽡
һŸոն㿪֮Ȼءһ̳һĵش̣㼰ʱҪȻĻѾ⴮ˡ
Ҳ֪ͻȻϮģǰ
ȻҸ뵽ӰͬҶһӯƮ䣬һҵԡ
ͼһϮʤѩȻȴûֲŭغȻȴһаЦ
鱨Ѳɱ֮죡
ֻǰһЦֶ˵ռƻ£ɱٽˣС£á
ף
һڣһ̵ͷûҷӦһѾɷһ㳯˹
һм㣬һϸոǼٰĻɣĹȻڶѾǵЩٵǣʲôĿģǴӺζģ
Ȳ˵ҺСԼԭͣľַӡǵƴģɽ־ӡѧûģȻӸոһоܿǰٰھַӡ̶ȣԲ֮¡
ҺͼٵԼɱʱͼС㡢ٺҲѾذˣΨǼٵȴڰ̨ǰһԵغƾơ
ٰһͻȻżɨһۣƺЩͷغιжүүҲӣΪβҵ
⻰Ǽ±ɨ˼ٰһۣû˵ֻǡޡһĭű飬統ʱķɡ
ٰһŭҲû˵һ̧ͷſкҪȻԷѾˣкˣ
⻰ٶȾ㵣ģǻˣ
ȻʲôʲôǼٰһŭһɨͼ˼Ӱһĸˣһأ̽ҸΧסһǣٶȾ㵣ɵؽ衱
ĸˣȻүȹùãԼҵĸĸ
ùáүǡô
һȻȴɫޱ飬һضû˵ʹ泯Ҽл˹
˹ͬʱͼЩٻͻȻ仯һɫɫ˲仯ƮɢеĿɺۡ


955 Լ
㲻æҲ񣡡
ۿͻȻֵ˽ҰΧסǼٰһЦɼǵ뿪ʱķԸͳһ·㲻֣ȥ֮һĲ㣡
Ʊ
ƺǱǼٰ÷ˣͼڰ̨ǰļͻȻѱϡžꡱһˤ͵һܹͬʱ˲䡰һһź̸ס
ƺأֱμĺڷƵġ
Ȼ˵Ҳ֣ǼҪ˵ҵǰʱȴͻȻһո첲ԵҰֺյڵأֳڹҵȹù˹ȥ
ͻһʱ֮䲻Ҿһ£ںָӵļٰҲ׾ס
ιҪ췴ɣ
췴ûգֻ֪࣡
˵һȭȹùõȥȹùרĹңӦһʱءһǱ̰ŵһȭ˲ȹùõϡ
˵Ҳ֣ݺһȭУȹùõȴδһ󵹷ȥͼĴȭͷ˲û˹ùõ֮УȹùŤ
ָоǺݺһȭ̱Ƶġ
棬ںļٰ̲סһŭ𣺡ס֣ʲô಻ģҵĹûȫӲͣġ
סڣ
һŽȹù߷ڵأʱһͼȹùñݽȥϣǱҵƤڵپȻֿʼƵĽͳ
ѵǲΪʲôǵԺлᱻֲЩ˵ļ䣿ΪʲôҪɱǣ
һͬʱǼүѾ˹ȥֺһȭͷһȭͽүҵ÷ڵأֳںļٰŭҵһûᣡûᣡ
ʲô᲻ģֻ֪үүұΨһĿľɱǡ
ٰһŭ𣬼ȴһЦӦԣ˵ɱɱ֮ôѵɱǣǾͳ𣿼ٵԶǼٵģ
˵ǼֻͷݺݵصһۣͻȻ̧һȭͳҴ˹
Ǻ̵İ֮£ɿһȭҸûüмܾͱǼ󵹷˳ȥ;һᣬۡһѪ
ҰǼ羹ȻЦָӵңֳű㿴˰ɣˣǻˣأǲǣǹιģң赽˭Ϊʲôᱻ
㡭ǡǡ
ҵĴҲѾһƬңǸʧ֢һ̰ءң桭
ˣɲǽ㴴Ŀģ
һ󷢷裬ٰڰͲסһƳżϴȥһʱ䡭
Լ緢͹ͬʱֳԵٻһŭ𣺡ͣȽʧصĻ˸Ҵ
ٻȻʮӼٰٰһ£̶תͷڷļȥǳɵۣһʱ֮Ҳ֪ôźˣҲ֪ðı߲źãһʱҲֻܳ˵棬ԹԷĹҧ
ʵǰȻǼٵģվҲ磬ֺ粢սĸоʵǾΥˣǶֱӳȥ粢磬ΪһͨȭͷȻ⸱ʹȴֹסңǸңұ뱣Աʱ֮衣
ۿٰżүԼҸĸ͹ù˼磬ںС㡢ٻҲת߳壬ʱͼСͻȻ˦ֵеĻԪɡ߬ɡɡǼԼļϺݺһǼСûȳֱСһɡ˻
ƣĶأûܣ
СˣȻԼҪɱ㲻ɣ
ǼСƢǸһޣ˵С˹ȥʱĺҲѾͬʳһ㣬׷˳սȺļٺ磬һ˾ͽ˵ڵء
ɽһð䣬㻹ܣɱȫң
Уżٺһͨӣһʱһ˫צץãץüٺһʱҲû˻ֻ֮˫ۻסպĿҪҪŻһᷴ
ϧûҵᣬһצȥѾ˫ӵĿȫǡܿͷˡ
ǣһ˱һץӣضѾѪǼٵĺȴûУһץǼٺȻҲץ˫ҷɣУûһѪǴ˫¶ĹͷҲ˵ĲͬȰ׹ǵɫҪ٣ǡ
ʯͷ
ĵЩʲô
ҲɵؾһţսСһȶ̵ģﶼˣ㻹ûЩǡŮ洼ƻĲ
Ů洼ƻ
һĿǼһ壬ʱҡͷһ⣬ⲻܰɣŮ洼ƻǽľùֲ˵УǡⲻǶö˶˵վΪʲôһһģһͬʹļٻأ
㣬507
С⻰һ˵˲䡰󳹴򡱣ʱС־ϸ룬һֱ˽¸ʵ顢ħģҲֻŹٷͳʵ507ˣоʵ飬ǸĹ
ҵ˵ͷϸһҲǣȷʵֶȤζ֯507Ҳû˭ˣҴ¼ĳЩ˵ȷʵһֱڻ507ڸ׹̰йᣬȻĻΪʲô֮ս͵507ľͷߡʬǣֻ߸ո͸ûһ
Ҫ֪ǸʬǱ͵507ʵʱүһѺ˵ģһѾõⲢҾľ޴ʬǶѡ
ģѵ˵507Լⷽļ˼ṩϰ֣
ι˵Ͳϰ֣Ŵƣ
ѽС㣬ʱͱپЩûõˣүģ϶507
һŭȻʱͻȻһҽһԵĻս֮
ǲҽҲͷһɨ˹ȥ˲ʧɫͼںͼ缤սֵļٰ˫ֽź˲ɫŵþ͸Ҫһ
ϸһͼĺϳһ˿ڣƺǱʲôһ˺ԶĵطͼǼүһѷذףü۵ضżٰϸĻܿǼٰѩ׵⡭
㡭Ҳ뱳ǡˡ
˵Ĳңǡ
үһЦ˵ٶȼٰһͳĿڴ˹ȥ


956 ˭
Ǽүһ̹ȥʱٰھ֮ûܻһͼү˵ǰҧ͵һǼٰĿ֮С
͡һ˲ûٰĿڣȴѪǡ
һɳ
ȻЩٻȻǡŮ洼ƻĲ
ûٰĿʱٰһҽУȻûүǵӼٰĿаγֻٰ̧͵һƾͽүõ˳ȥͬһʱ䣬ٰ̧һֻ֣Խָסذ׵ĵһžһ촫̽ذϡ
ǶˣˣһҪϼϼǣ
ǺǣˣĹۺúÿǸɲͬ
ү˵ߴӵǰǱϵذУȻһûٳǼٰ𹥻̧öذԼĸ첲ϻһ
һȥͼѪ̴첲˳ǼٰһѪӼү첲ϻ䣬˲ɵۣΧ⼸ٻҲסС̲סʧɫ
㡭ΪʲôѪ
ΪǼٻң
˵үһ۳ɨ΢΢һЦСӣæ
㡭ǡү
ǴĿ⣬ǳǳůЦϤ䲻֪⵽ʲôһѾܹȷֱڵѪүǼ٣Բǵĵˡ
ΧٻסҸϽһ˫ۣءһһѪɫ˴ըΧ̱˳˺ü
ᣬǱŰסҲһߵȹùòǺݺһȭ˹ȥ
ȻȭҪٴȹùõʱȭͷȴͻȻſצӣžͼĴ͵һ¾ץȹùõϣȹùҽУǼǲſ
ȹùץʱץƣѪ̾˳ֻ
硭
棬ٶȡ⡱һûȷӦȴ͵һһֻҲ̧𣬶ݺݵһȭءһȹùõĿϡ
һȭֱӴ͸˹ùõءǻִӹùõĺ͸˳ֻһһɳɢùöʱ̱ڵأͷ·ж˵صĻһ㣬ſڵ΢΢鴤£ˡ
ùã
̲סһУȻת˲֮ѾԼİסʱںǼٰүֳһŭ𣺡ģ㹾ƨǶǼٻ촦
Ҳٶൢ飬Ÿĸ֮ʸϽۻƣסӹͬʱ΢΢һΣɢ˲һѪɫذ
֣裬ӶԲסˡ
˵ҰһȭͷҹȻĲ̣һһҧһţ߬ذһͻ˹ȥ
һʱ䵶һͼҰְ첲ҷһ˲඼ᵽɤۣ˵ҪһȥҰֵĸ첲͡һѪɾȱȱˣȻԼ׵ָ
ȻҾһȻӲүǾ仰һȥǶϵֱ۾Ȼûһ˿Ѫֻһѩ׵İ⣬ȻǼٻ
뵽Ҳ飬ֲסͬʱңְִٰһš
ְֶٰһһʽװֵķٲȻһڸֵȼĸ֣˵ѾûʲôвˣټżȻҲ飬ûһĹеѪɫذѡ͡һһʱɳȻ֮Ҳǽľ֮
ۿְٰ־Ҫ£ʱͻȻһҽдԱߴһͷһͼǼϣ̹֮¶ݺݵһȭȭң۵ǼֱлȻ֫Ѿȭҳ࣬ҲѾ˴룬ҿ˶Ĳ̡
磬Ͳܸʹģ
̲סԹ
Ȼ˵ǼٵģôѽҲ̫˰ɣ
û뵽ⱧԹĻˣ䣬ͼ۶ݺһȭǼĿϣءһµĵذשҳӣȻ϶Ҳǻˡ
ȻǼŸֹͣͻȻһŤͷ׺ݵĿ⳯˹
ͼ׹һŵ̲סһ£ûȷӦأѾ͵ź̵İ£һգ۵Ĺ˵ҵǰҵĲӾϰ
磡ҲС𡭡
ȻѾ֪磬Ķ֣˶أϽ͡
ûȰѻ˵أѾҰڵأ϶û˵һͨȭҵңŵҸϽ̧мܡ
磡һ㣬ңС
˭˭˭
ƺûҵĻһһȭһƴ˻ź
磡ǻҹܻϰ壬Ҳǰͷ˾磡ѣѰ
ҸæͣʵѾͷƤ飬˵ˣһңҵԴʱ˿Ѿˡ
ݺѹŸûΧһүںǼٰ˵ǼٰĿѾһ˿ȴĵжסһֲүռ·硣
ٿСͺ磬Ҳûʱң絹Ѿ㶨ֻٺֱӰǼٺʬˣԱŬʬֵø飬ˡ
ٿһС㣬˵ŮУͷ߶ӡȻŮѾǴĸֹˣֱСŮ˺ƣѾһš


957 ʮʿ
˿ûˣһ룬ȥҲУȻѾʧˣȥԻ֡
һ뵽ҸϽ˫һû۴ڽϸȥ
ȻŸȴڷŭѾ۳˹ݺݵһȭһȭʼҵҡ
Ҹæֻûһ촫ת˲ʮȭѾ˶ϣޱȵƣȻ
˵Ҳ̫ˣ治ǵ֧СͷŵͽϳԵ֮ĺõһַ֮ŭѵ͵ס
Ҳ֪ǺʱͻȻŭһŭ𣬰ŭءһ촫ݺһȭеĶϣ˲ķѡ
ҴʧɫɻûأͼȭͷӷɢĶƬм˹һѾ߬סҵĲӣһڴءһˤǽϡ
ҲǹģĲǹ
ʧص쳤Хŭضʼ𵴣ĺ̸˲žҪҹû
ĺ糱ˮӿÿһ䣬ŭͼͻȻسǰۿžҪײǽʱ͵һȭǽϺݺ˹ȥءһͽǽҵķѣҳһ
磡վס
ƴӵϳ۵ӣȻûͼѾź̵İ£˳ҳĴ󶴳嵽˽ϡ
磬
վ׷ȻʱȴүСӿæ뿴ұ˴ɣ
һͷһүѾŲסǼٰ͹ˣͼǼٰʱʱӡʽ仯磬İ죬ۿžҪүúм֮ˣʵҲѹ֣˵үΪ︮ʮ֮һʵսˮƽϾʮһǹϵġ
㻹ʲô㶣æ뿴ұɣ
үߴ֮£ҲֻܸϽȥæʱͼҲѾүͼٰķ˹ȥȻǼٺѾ޿ˡ
ٿһ򣬰һȣСҲѾ˫ֵ߬ŻԪɡݺݲһԼҵĲһ£ɡȥ֮󣬴ӶԷĿĲɳӣѪ
ȻҵĵǶģһʱɳ磬СһĨӣ̧žͽķļԼ߷ڵأҲðߣ̫ΣһôС𣿡
Сָŵʬ˵⻰еΣʵ֮ǰ͸оǼٻıȽϴ
ɵ˼ٻСҲϽǵķ˹ʱҺͺѾүǼٰڵأĿڴһˡ
һɵһֻҺͺ綼˿Ҫͬڴү˵ͼСּ̧һɡүԴϡ
ѽҸѽס֣嶼򣬷ˣѽ
Сһ㶼ּ̧һɡݹһɡžʹ˸ʹ죬ҺͺֱӿˣϸһҲǣ֮£ϾֳҲ߽үΧм䡣
˵㵽ǲү
һŭүæְѻڵѪĸ첲̧һ˵СӣûһѪ𣡡
һ˵һ̧һֱֻԴСٴ򣬿ʱͼСһѽɡڵϣûǷӦѾһͷүĻ
үһ£΢΢һЦСͷ˵СѾͷʲôޣô˶ˣ
壡㻹̫ˣ壡
СһʣԾأҵ˫ҲѾ
ԭֻΪܲų׷٣ԭȻͰѴҴ׹̵Ļ֪һȻô飬ȥˡ
֮ǰһ뵽δүҸĸˣһû뵽үڻּˡ
һ뵽ҸĸҸϽʵүôҰǻ𣿡
İɣǺܺãҳʱǶܺá
ү⻰һϽʣǣΪʲôЩٻѵ˵ѵ˵ҲѾˣ
ǷİɣҺõúܡ
˵ү̧ԼĿڣЦЦ˵ʵǳһģֱ֮˭뵽һϵʱȻô£жݻˣһ˾
ǰµֹܲۡ
˵ͼү˵ͷֽ˵ֹǱŰΧĳڲֹۣҲֹۣһ£̾ɽѰ׹صλãɲǿأǾǳʱ˳ǻرϾرɭϣܵļƻʧˣֱץֻһͨ컨ϵͨܵҪһߣû뵽ײײ˸׹̵ʵ
ʵңʲôʵң
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үش˵͵Ϣ뿪֮ؾѾ׹̵ʮλϽӹˡ
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壬ЩҲ˵ˣǻ˵Щ׹̵ĳϣѾϰָ
ץˣɱˣ
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ү̾˿ֽ˵˵ΪϣȷʵĳЩһֱµĳϣδЩٹ̵ĳϻжңѡǹ·⣬ԼʱҲܰʮȫѺ˵Ѻ
Ҳ˵׹̵ʮһֱ
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үĬһ£ֽŻش˵ΪЩϼһߣͻԵİȫ֪Ҳ£ץϢһʱѾڳ⴫ˣһƬңϮȺףصķֲԾְѱѺ׹ʮַ˳ƹܽʮϾвȶʵƷ˳ĿһҪǣҪҵҲһ
˵ʵƷѵЩ
ЩǣʵƷǱ׹ʱ䣬ֲͨͬ;ŪǵѪҺDNAЩ¡ʵƷ豸ͼ507ṩģӳ֮ǰѾʵ﷭ϣģԭ507һֱں׹̹ж׹ṩ豸鱨Լ˵ʵ鼼
ү˵ЩСѾԤУҲˣֻÿЦ
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ҵĻүͻȻһ㶣Ͻ˵ʲôǶά˹Ҳ׹̵Ļ˵ˣҲڻǸյ鱨ά˹ӦǸ˲Ŷԡ
Уˣôأ
СҲԱһǲǸˣά˹ȷʵǸŮˣ֮ǰڳָȫ֣Ѿȶ̵һƱͷ
͸ˣά˹ָܲڳĲפڻָȫ֣׹̵ĻرҲµ
ү˵꣬С㡢˳ƿˡ
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Ƭ̵ĳĬ֮󣬺緢ʵʦȱ˵Щˣ㵽ôӳģ
ôһʣүǽͣش˵Ϊײ˻صʵÿЩٻʱһң͵͵һϲ֪ԭЩٻͨǵDNA507ķðƷҳûȰǸٵԼɵˣҼ٣Ż˳
˵ү̾˿ֽ˵⻹µģҷµʵռǣɲֻһðǣĿģҪ⼼ɽеħнľ֮мһҰʵ֣ţֱҲ⾭ǧ꾭Ӫ˼䣬ػصԶźʱܻᱻħҲٶΪħ޵ū
үһ˵Ҳһп˵Ѿǵ˵׹ʮѾȨʮ˵ҰļҲû߻ħĸӦûֹһˡ
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ү˵껰СԱӵغһ˵ʵʵһжϰָġ
ϰ֣˭
֮ǰ֪̽ܣȻүȫ֪
ҲҲǸǡŴơ

ͻȻ⻰үӲһɳͼСƲ죬һʱƺҲ֪ôӺ˵ˣϾֿʱ䣬Ǿ̫಻˼顣
ѽЩһ˵ɣʦ絽զ°
ԱͻȻ廰õүϽһԴѽˡ֮󣬰Ⱦ塣
ҲҺ˵۴˶Ǵ粽ˣҲ˲ôˣү˳ȥ
ΧĽʬѾĲˣµĽʬûүһ׷ټһ߸˵Եɡ
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үеõȷʱĳȣСͺҲѾˡ
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үȻͬһʵƷЩðǵļٻͬùҲûȻǻҪǵĴ㣬ԲŲɱǣֻǵDNAٻģ׹̵ʵʾʬԼľ֮ģʵȻǶԲشŵǸձɳʱûԼ֪ȫ׹ʮϣһֱ·ưɣЩٻɵ︮һ֧Сӡ
˵ү޵ҧгݣȻΪЩֵʹģ֮£ұ¶ݰ
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959 
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һ¾Ҳҵ飬Ͻֿ첽ǰ塣
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ʱǺʹѾӵļǼϽ涥ˣǰһݵķ洦ͼӰѾ¹´ѽѷ֡
ΧԭӦһƬסլǳҪϵѾΪһƬտķ档
ϵƻ˸ƺЩطĵԴ߻ûбҶϣƻϸһǲ˸˸徫׳һź̸ǽһŹסֱ
һˣȻҲĿ࣬ǿЩ죬֫ԵúܽӲһȻ
ֲö˵ʧˣһֱûҵԭ
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һֻǷʬǲǰŷľưɣȻɵģɣһĹ򣬿һֱڵԽʬǰĹٸѾǧٿףѪ߰ˡ
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ΪʬĿӲҪԸɲһ׵飬ǰ֣ҵȻȻһȭȥȴҵ˳ʮؿڶðȥɼǹɹǶôǿ
ƾһȭͷҪŵȻҲһ׵飬ŵһ֮ȴ˫ͻȻһͦͬɲһڷϡһ¾ͣסٶ̧ͷŭ磬ֻһź̰ŵѾŷ𣬳ݺ˹
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961 pټ
ǵ˲ֳɼٵҴܣɰǶһ
ͼһϴ֮ءžըһͨܵߵʱͬһεķ⾵˻ƵģּײһͨǳʵЩˣŵүһͷܣ±һС
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һһ߱ͷܣȻЩɫ׵Ǹ޴ӣڵɢˣһϣ;һ飬嶼ʼ̲ס鴤ɼҲҵ飬ֻܼ㣬ܣܵĻܿͻᱻ׵ײţҡ
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С㻰ճڣͻȻһҽдһͷһšءһ죬Ȼһֱײ˰pϣһʱʯ׹Ų۾
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p޳ľ飬һαɢԪ񣬽ξϣܴӴ֮󡭡ҲûСҲûаpˡˡԼء


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˵ߣȻÿһ߹ȥضǵ׻ߵɢ٣ڼĹϵһ˻ŭٲȻѾȫ
Сģ
̫СϽɹȥæ˭֪ͼһ״ӷնһʱ޼ƿʩСͦϡ
㡭СҲһ
˲䣬һĽʹֱͬ˼ɣ˭֪ʱѳױʹ޵ķҲѱһ䴩Ŀڡ
һΣŷŭͻȻתϷʩ׹ʮ˹ȥһ˵ش͸ȴΪ
ЩϲģҪΪǱ𡭡
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Сһɻû£ءһѾײϵķͻȻһεײ˻˲ըѣɢ١
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˵Щʲôƨã
һŭžסԼôõ飬ЩʧأѾ˲һɫ׵紩㲻ľҲѾվˡ
ˡˡ
ȻʱȴͻȻһ׼ȷ˵ǲһǼŮ֯һ𡭡
̧ͷգͼɢɵľӨ㣬ҹ֮۳һţ΢΢ⷢ񡭡
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pС񡭡𣿡
ˣѻǾɢ㲻Ҫ̫ѹ
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ҲҪʲôҪǣҪǻ
ѾʣȻЩǳȴԽ԰ϡ裬ûڴҹ֮ʧ٣ұʹǧȻʱ̱֮ͬУȴһصĿڿʼߣ𽥳ӡ
ǡ
ҲһоصİϤϤΪǸоͬһУİΪԸоƽʱڵǿΪ͵ײԻȻһµĸо
ѵǸո˵ģѽȫңٲҪǣ
ˣкáڻزˡ
ĻظұԵڻָۿּ״Χһ˫ۣһѪɫˡһʹըըԶЩڲԶСһƷȥ
ըɢͬʱҵ̱÷飬û⣬ڵϽpµǰѲƵɡץһʱϮͷһУĿ
ҹҵſڡֻһĿֲŮ
Ǵˮ֮УͻȻ̽ͷܲϹꡭ
߹ķַ롭
pģǶѾڣٲҲԶǡ
һΣһѪɫ̽еɡס𽥽ʴɡɡȫΪһź⡭
ֳַкƽ棬Լ˱֮С
ӽԺɽԶһһ𡭡
һЦûվִһ
ûãʱ߳նħȴҪŮ˱
һͷһ˵ģڵϵĻСƣȻӰѾԽԽģԽԽ͸Ȼѱ׻УٿöȴΧƴرҲѾý͸еĲλҲʼͬһ㽥ΪǳƮС
С˵һ˶ֻǹѣ˭㡭
ö˵߱СֻƾԼһˣվǵֵס˷׵磬ͻȻ䣬һؿڣöءһըɢ
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С˻У˭ȲǵĹâɢʱöЦڿ
С㣬һֱ㣬ЩҲ㣬ǧǵðʱԷʱҪ°
öҲҪС㲻Ҫ
ӣϾ㣬ֻһ»Ų¡Ҫˡ֮ǰ㡭һ衯𡭡
裡һֱ裡Ѱ㵱ҵ裡裡ߣߣСߣ
Сһץջֹö뿪
ҵġŮ
СֵܣҲҪˡ
С˺ѷεʹУСڵϳ΢΢һЦ
ѭжǾбôã޷Ͷ̥Ǽ尾벻ȴһ顭ԭҪָ㣬ҶﵱµĿ֮ѧȥ︮ѳˣԭͲóϵˣҲԲ뿪ˡ


963 ͽ
˵ʱСƵ͸ÿҪˡ
ҾȲȲö֪ԼȲ
ʵ˼ܴ⣬вᣬû˺ѷΣʹָ࣬ε
ҳ΢΢һЦӵֳŻСƵϥأйֱȭ
͸
⻰СҲЦ
Сӣ飬ȫһˡ︮ѭ꣬ҺҶʧЩΪҡϧͷ­Ѫֵʧңһ
ԷˮƮʱꡣ
ֱ飬Թء
Ӣ־˽ȥѾԻѰꡣ
Īฺҳ˷볤
СҶӣСҶӡ
ջģûꣿûڲ
ʲôΣС
СӣŲҴ㣿
˺ˣ˵£õױţһһҶȫħûȤֵ£
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Ҫһħ𣬶Ⱦﾡ˼ħԱΪΣԡ
Сƣϻⴵţëøһģ˵㵽Ҫ
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ʲôҶ㣬Ȼʲôֵܣͽ︮Σ
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аħǶǶħаħ֮ħ£µģεа

аӽ̻塣
һ̾վͼ硢үԼС㶼Ѿ˺ۡ
׵Ҳ˵Ϸݲţˣ׿ǽʬ׳ˡ
ӡȴûй˼׵罻ӵĴݲУƴزš
һӶȵסϮĵ𣬾͸оȳѾ֮ǰҪҲ١
ҳ嵽СǰȽΪöСѾױȫûм֮
С㣬ǿһӣŵ˻ҪǿȻ֮
ȶ̵ģûˣǸƲ˵ġ
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һֻסС㣬һֻֻӶȴɢΧ׻𹥻һ׹ʮڷ˹ȥ
϶ֵǸӵ
һŭȻȴֻʮϷЦ
ԽЦԽŵʯͼǰŲӣһ״ӿ׵Ѿ࣬ˡ
С㣡
үͺƺѾҵĿģƴӵϳӾͻ˹һһΪǵס׻͵Ĺơ
ֿűСǰѵŲʮԶۿžԽԽĲȫһӾͳʮϵķ˹ȥ
Ҳ֣ƽʱһȳȥضײӿȻһȳȥȷĲһХ
ͼһӰѪɫ֮¡ˡһͳڸߴʮײ˹ȥ֮Ű
һͷʮϵĿЦʱϣʱءһǰӰűһεǽײɢ˲һضɽҡ
ûܳȥʮϵıͷǹ᾵һͻȻһָ̧ۣڽսŭСȻԴȽʧܵʵƷֻʬ
һµͬʱѿʼΧʮͬʱӡһΣʮڤ־ȫһ£־һɣꡱһһһҵľͬһӿзҡ֮£ڲײȥ
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̲סһУΪʱͼ˫ͻȻʼոšһţѡءһսĵطը˻
һʱ׵ըܣǴ̵۵׻֮Уֻһ˺ѷεѽŲס׸ѽȫͼʼ׵֮²ͣҲ
硭
Ҳ˲ٳ󣬸ϽС㽻үͺ籣תͳǻδɢ׻˹ȥ
ȥʱͼ׻֮У˵Ӱٶȸ֣±˺ۣϺܶطƤѾսˣϵ·Ҳ׻յóһ鲼
Զͬľͷһ㣬ð̵΢΢ҡΣҲ
磬ôû°ɣ
嵽ǰҸϽһɻû䣬ͻȻ͵һŭ˵̧һΣһźȭͷըɢءһȭͽҴõ˳ȥ
ġ͵Ϯӡ
ͻȻ䣬ͼתͷŭڸߴʮڤһͳʮ˳˹ȥͬʱҲ֮»һ˲֣ҲΪĿ꣬һ˼Զͳʮڤ˹ȥ
죡ɱǣɱǣ
һʮرƽͷ׹̳ŵæֽӡ䣬һʱдը죬һ״ϣȴ㶼㣬ͬһֻųʮڤײȻȴǱűεǽڵסײ󵹷ֽײ
˻ȫҶòǣ˵
ϸһ֮£Ѿֳ˵ѺۣһԴɳʼĿڵ˵ȻҲᣬΪʬüʹϣȴײײǰ塭
ǿͣ£ȥǻģ
ŵһȻʱһٶ£ءһ׵ϵһ˲䣬ܲƵĿըѣɳȫﵹ˳


964 ͬ
磡
һУٿ磬Ѿ˫һͨһ˵ϡ
ͬʱĴҲûк϶٣״֮󣬾ͼҲѾ̱ſڵأѾվվˡ
ɱǣɱǣ
ͷͻȻһŭ𣬰źʮڤһͬʱӡһʱͼ׾ͬ׼һ㣬ʼ̱ڵصһ
ĵ֮Уֻ˼ͼ׵֮Ȼγȴʧܸգվվ
֮Уеĵ˲䱻еһ𣬿ʼ˵Ϸײ
ǵȻҲܿŲܣһΣգүƴƵľͿʼǰ壬ûȳ嵽ǰȴըɢķըõ˻޷ӽ˵λá
˺ѷεزҽļ٣ȴް취
ʱȴͻȻһŭǴ˹ǺǴ𣬶ǡ⡭
һϽѭķһͼһȺζĺӰԶϷ棬ϸһͷľȻС㡭
Ů
һԼŮ͵֮ˣСʧɫϽּӿ˽Ųǵķ˹ģǶ㡢үխZ۵ˣȻֵ︮Ǿ㳲Ҳ֪ʱ뿪سֻһǾΣա
һ︮һȺ˳˹׹ǴͷĳϵʱһЦºˣõһһȥʰЩ©֮㾹ȻԼˣλͬţҪЩɱɾ
˵ͷ־һ䣬ٿΧˣҲʼ仯˫֮еĽӡ־־仯ͻȻͼΧΧʮ˸˲ʮ˵״ӿ£׼ؽʮ˸УʮڤΧһȺ׹̽ͽҲΧ˹ȥΧʮڤΧС
ãʮڤ󣡡
ֻпһۣͷСɫ䣬ʱ۳Ǵͷ̧һָݺݺⳤϣô˵ҵŮ׹̵һδ˾̳ˣôôȻִǻҪģ
С㻹Լ׹̵Ľɣ
Ǵͷĳ϶ʱһŭֺٰӣɽһսѽʦôѾ׹̵Ĵ˾ˣǸûҪĻ
ϼһѵ뽫׹̶ռɣ
սս׹̵ģ㣬ҰĲɷǷһӹµΪһҰĲΥ׹̵ԭԣǺãڵӺڣ
ͷһŭ𣬻ΧһȺ׹̽ڶʱŭȣͷֳ̧СһָݺŭҺҴߣɱۣԵɣ
µ
һȺٶȣ˵䣬︮׹˫ѽսһš
СģʮϴĶ׹̾ս
С㵣ĵغ˵⻰Ѿûʲô壬Ϊ˵ҲѾܿóǻʮڤΧһȺ׹̽ȷʵֲټҷһȺֵܶˣһʱҪԷƣȻ׵顣
һ޷ɱ׹ʮϣֵܿʼĿתסǴ֮УխZһŭ𣺡죬ȰѸȳ˵
խZһŭ𣬼ֶүСŤתг˹
Ҳ֣ǱȻ岻ȥҪȴ׾٣ŴǽھȻ
ڳͬʱûע⵽Сһ׹˼սһں˻ŭ𡪡
ͣ£ܽܽ
С㱾Ͳ︮ˣټֵǾУһʱĶܹ˵ĻûСĺ£ѷ׷׳Уģһɱһ͹
һʱ䣬֮вҽѾֵ䷢ԣȥѲǼ׵飬εǽٶȷΧС
һʱ䣬ΣԮֵǱֳһ׹̽ɱһ˱С⡱øֹˡ
ˣҲȫ˲ˣŵ
̧ͷȥǲϴӿл׹ԽԽͣ˵Σʼھ׵ѹѿѪ޲ý˱Ƥ˺һ㣬۵ûѪˣһ˺ѷεؾ
ϸһǻɳڴ类ȻѾûжˣɳٶȣʼԽԽ
ƴƴͼӵȴֱڵأֻܿѪ˫ҧسס棬Ųٶȵ¡
磬ͦס㣡㣡
һźһδ׵ǰײȻһж޲˵ҵѾǿ˲٣ʵ̫ǿ岻ȥ
ʱǿ֮УͻȻ䴫һ˺ѷεŭ𡪡
Ͻ硭ҡʶǸ𣿻˵ҡֻǸµĹһδɵʵƷ
㲻ʵƷ磡磡ǸӹȻ빲硭
ӵģ
Һû䣬ŭһδ֮дȻŭһЦ
ԭǵԼеǸˣԭǡ
һ߿һͼӵߵҲʾ׵֮£ѱ׻յĿȫǡ
ͻȻꡱһŭͼ磬ӶͷʼͻȻѣһѪģѺֱӴҲͷ˺ѵǴѪ˲ģ˴
硭
ˡ
۵һҽУȻǾʹȴû赲Ĳ
ɽһףȴǽһڵأͼһΣ̱ը൹˹ȥءһײҲͼϡ
Ҳյòᣬһ˫첲ѽƣһңһҲ˵ϡ
ԭΪһεһҲˣ˭뵽ϻѪģ磬ͻȻôЦ
һսʤû뵽ȻҪһѳ飬ʲô𣿡
⻰ͻȻһŭȻڻӦĻ
ֿЦܺսʿһҲ޺ˣҺޣҺţ޲ܼЩ׹̻쵰ƴҵġҵ֧ŲԼ
ٶȴƺĻһ㣬ͻȻһ㶣
㣬˵ʲô˵ҪҪңʬҲࣿ


965 ʬ
Ŷ˵ʲôʬͬҲֻ࣬Ӳʹãɰ˵ˣҲ֮Դ
˭õһľ֮£һһʬһվվˣȻĽ̸
˵ĿֻᷢԼ羹ȻͬȫĻһ㣬̸Ĳֺ
ôѵöʬǰǾϵΪʲôδ
뵽ʱһ
˵Ҫ㱨𣿺ãȻԸңʲôɲҪû飬ģӿɾͲˡ
һŭͻȻ̧һץţȴ̹Ȼ˵Ц⡣
һצצĿϣͬеĶʧɫһ߸һͣسǼ׻г壬һ߾磡ʲôҪɱҪɱ
΢΢תͷȥɨĿ⣬
ͻȻϵıøˣȻЦЦúܴ顭
ͻȻԼ̧˷צӣû˵Ĳȫ͵һ¾Լѡ
͡
һʱѪɽȻԼ֣ͳԼ࡭
㡭
㲻һ֮࣬ǰ׻𣬺СʱסһԣҪȻĻ¶Ҳˡ
ٿ׻֮УΡΡؽԼѪ࣬ݽȥ
ϸ磬ģܻȥһ㱨𡭡ʲôΣҪúñ㣿ϸȥɣӦ£һ
˵һѶе࣬ͷһԼĿķɳѾҪֹͣû˵ץԼѪܵ
͡
һɣҪ︮Դ˻ҷ𣡡
⣬Ǵͷ׹̳ϻŭŭӡٱ仯һΪ˵ײһᳯͷ
ѽ
һ׸⼤ŵǱؾӴܣ֪ûվأءһ죬һ̵۵ĵԭվĵطѾһ޴ĿӶ
硭

һУӰ׻ĵµȻ޴棬ײ˸ײǶ󵹷˼ʮԶ
ըɢ׹ܿʧѽʣһںð̵Ľƺڿӣҡͨһ̱ڵأû뵽Ÿպط꣬ȴǷֱ𡭡
׵磬䣬ûһĹѽеʮֵվվˣڴ󲿷УЩ׹˲ֵǣȻҲֹۣ˲ء
︮ȫԱѳڴˣҿǻô׹̶
ͷ׹̳Ц·ѹһӵԹڳһк
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ƴӣѭǺӰķȥͼǿӰΧһƬƺӰǰɱƵģӰΧһɳͬһһ㣬Χȥ
ָо
ͻȻ䣬ǳһŭӣϸһǺ䡭
ҼǵҼǵ
ŭ˸ĺѳ˼սȺ֮УֵһȭͷΧ˾ܵ
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ʱͼǹˮͻɳҲ˽ڿһ֮УڵѻûΪӮŮɵϹʬȻȻͬʱ֡
⵽Ǻ»ǻ£ûж룬ΪѾ
ʬһˣΧͻȻһ󾪻ŵɨӣȻŹõ̳ʬ˹ϸ׵ЩϹʬ˵ֱټ򵥲һ֣׾ͽ׵÷ɻˡ
ˣ
ͻȻŮһһмΧ׵Ϯһ߿ʼŵسΧǰδеĻţȫһս֮£µ˺ۡ
ԴˣһһϢҲǴϢǸոͻȻֵġ
սսؿڣٿӮɫҲ˵ҲѾˣŵΡ
ιǽ𣿡
䲻֪ǵѣǶҪͳʬߺһӮûңΨŮɻŵתͷһ
ˡ
˭˭ˣ
ĴʬеġˡŮɾ
ʲô
һ⻰ٶһʣ˵ĻѾ̫ˣˡ


Ůɻû˵꣬ͻȻָһһһֻʬҺүˣѾŵѭǷ˹ȥ
ͼָķǸոڵըǸӵĵطһ̽δɢĴһӰΡΡش
ռΣӰжϻ޷ϳǵʲôȴĿ̹⣬ֱӴ͸ǰ̳ǡ
̹ʬһֲΡΡ
ûˡˡ
ǡ˭
˿ĭ͸о֮еգñ֮ǰҪӵѹȻʱȴͬС㣬ڴ͵ŮߡŮͷҲ̧˵ǲֹǸ˵ԭʵڵġ
С㣬˵˭
үһʡ
С


Ҹ鿴ڹɽʱϷֵһЩϣϹʬֱӦˮļļңӦˣֱӡƳгħֻתַʽ˸֮Чҡ
ǡ
ûʲô
ŮֱӴӰһЦ˵ӦضӦӡƳӮˮӦħӦֻת꽫£ȴۿƻٱӡ˯֮УλӦĴʽȴ˵һθգڵһսУȴͻȻɱĸ㣬ˮһΪҲɣԴֻأתΪתΪݽͽһֱҽһǣԭǴˡ
Ů⻰Сˡһ˲ɵۡ
㣬˵Ŷеͽ磬͡ǰ¾ǡġʬ


966 
ûҴ֮лģģӰѾӴȻûվΣͻȻͼһ콵ءһӭǾʹȥ
ǺӰһΣͨһ͵˵ϣ΢΢鴤¾Ȼˣֱ͸Ѿȫһ
һ֣ʬԼڵһȺֵǶһ
ͽһŵ֣һλʬ̲סŵӦǿʵŶԣܲһ׾Ͱ˰ɣ
ѾȴûзŹͻȻһէ֣գۼĹһѴӿһ׵Ŀ꣬ҲͬſڵһĽ
ۿǾ׾ҪϣʱͻȻͼһġ˫ͻȻڵϺݺһģšžһ죬̴ӵϵζһ̧ͷ˫֮ٶ䣬ǹâת˲֮ѱȫû
͵˶ΪһѺʱϸ׵֮ȥͼģģӰȻ͵ſ죬ſ˫ۣǸоֱѵõչԡһ㡭
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һЩ׵ͣǸæӦԡ׼
˭֪ɲǼĹ򣬸ûһ׵糯˹ͻȻͼһ˫ǰһŵͬʱһͷᡱһ£ըɢȥǧٵ׻𣬾Ȼͬʱ⵹һתƳķ˹ȥ
ô
ۿһ׻뽫ڣܿͽһ۵Ĺٶȴһ
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ڽʳ
ʳ
һʱ˵ͷ۶ǰϱս׵磬˵Ĵʬֱŵˮֲͬԣ׵ػõʳ
˵ʱͼڸ߳׹ʮҲѾ¶ɫͷŵøæһУ죡
һ£ʮڤһӡеƲѱøܼһ׸ǿʼسŽڵķ˹ȥ
һ£һŴ۵ذ׹ţֱǸ޴ĵһ
һ׻£׻ȴܿͱڣٿڴ׹ʮϣǶѾɫ԰ס
ʱǶĿİ׹֮УͻȻ䴫һǾ;ضʼŲǰδеŵŮɡ䡢Ӯʬ˼
УģģذӰҲûţͼӰͻȻ˫͵һ𣬰ֱ۵𶯣ֻˡһը죬İ׹˲ɢȥû֮ǰһɢϸС׵糯Զ֮󣬾ڿɢΪΡ
ˣԱˡ
ͬɫ࣬ɵ˿ĭֻŵ˵µĴ٣Ҳ֪Ǹǻ
ˣȻǸ
ӮһԽӻ˵䣬㵱ͽʲôԹԹϾѾΪЧֻмĴʬͬǲлȳɱˡ
ǣЩϻ㲻˵Ҳ֪ҪҲŲȥȷʵЩͻҲȥҲҵġ
ӮԻĹ򣬰ڽİ׹ȫɢȻһ׻ڿвͣľ
Ȼٿǽе׹ѱøӵķâ¶ۿһ׻ͻȻһһ𶯵ѾֻǴˣľ׶ԾضۿžͿҪ䵽ͷʱͻȻֳŰ֮۷˻ȥͬŵò½Ƶġ
ɱ
ۿڽһ֮£׶۷գŵ׹̵ʮϸǾʼΡΡٶȽӡ
˭֪ʱͼ֮ðĹĽȻͬһ㣬ͻȻǵķ˹
֮ǰһϣǿĳģһֲһ
磬ȴԭԵûҪӾ׳˲٣ɫڣüļһɰӡǵĺۼü֮һֱͷϣһȼյҰһֻҪ۾
ʱͻȻȼһ㲻˼ػ⣬ǺͮͮȻǻ棬Ƶʺٶȣȴһ㼤ҡ
գ۵Ĺ򣬾ͼѾ˵ǵǰϾ֪Էʵôֻ㡣
ʱһ
һֱǸӣڻȥɣ
裬Ȼ䲻ĺŸոճڣͼɱһͨĽͻȻŤͷźɨȥǶݺݵĿһʱʧɫɵؾһˡȻΪʱ
Ÿո£ͼһͳȥּ̧䳯źϾһȭ
ΪʬȻҲǵ֮ӲʯȻ޷㡭
ʬһȭͷ˹һۣҲݺݵ̧˫ҪӲ
ءһ촫Ŵ֮ҷˣһȭ˺ֱϣ˭ǵǹ롢ĺ䣬Ȼֱ˶ʮಽò׸ոסβٺˣһ˫ֱ̧̡žડһʹʼ΢΢Ȼһȭͱľ
⽫Ȼǵ֮


967 ħ
ٿһȭ֮žֳ˹ͷ͸ҪһֱӰɱһ㡣
֮ͣҲѵõس˿־ı顣
ȻʱͻȻһںǰ׵ĵطһһɢ̽С
ɹס˽עҲ֪Ӯûɡ
ͼΧŽһӮӰڽǰغ󱳴ƵƵ֣Ҫͼ
⽫ͣҲǰδеܣӮǰغһʮιȴõˮ©
Ӯ㣡
ӮһȻӦ͵ĽҪǰ壬ɻûȳȥͻȻĽٶ
͵һ˫ۣˡһһź˲ըɢ׼ȷ˵ǲ̣Ȼ֮ǰ֮ĺ󷢳ĺЩƣϸһȴǸΪĻ桭
ɫĻըɢ˲Ụ̃ǻһըʱըòΧΧɢ
ͻȻһҽУӮֱӱ֮иը˳ڵʮֱĽű߲ںİͣ
˶̫ˣֱǰҪ
ӮһҲüͷڷĽݺ⻹˵˭뵽һǣȻͶ̥ǸСӡǻСӳģȻʿȻǲˣ϶ΪһҲѾ˽֮С
Ӯ˵ͼڷĽѾ˹
ӮʧɫȻͬΪʬܲܶ㣬ֺͺһ˹ȥŮһ
ɣæƷˣ
ӮһŭŮɵζλΪһŷɳŽӭ˹ȥ
ɳ򽫳ͬʱӮҲûţҲһλΪˮʼڽһҳ塣
ˮɳסֱӴȥӭŽȭֱʬ˲伤սһš
ƴסͬʱֻΧʬΧķɳˮͻȻΧŽתɳˮһ˲ڽ̳һ̵ӣС
֮޷һһۣһȭͰѽ˴һ˳ȥ
Ҫ
õɳȥʱӮͻȻһȻȭѾ˳ȥնղˡ
һȭֱӴý󵹷ɳʮԶͨһˤ˵ϣȻͼеĵطӡꡱһ˺˿ŽѺԽԽ󡭡
ѽѽ²࣡
ӱ飬ӮŮɷ׷׵˺һۣҲһ죬ضͷȥ
Žûȫѳ䡢Ůɶ˸ϽֱַΪˮɳȥȻͬʽڽȻ𲻵ã˲ŸսΰͼȫѳĽ˫һһźɫһѴ˳ײˮͷɳɢҷɣȫ˽ˡ
ĴʬݱļսһԶѿɵۣ⽫һԵȴȫû䵽·磬£ֱǿÿ¡
˵ʬȻĬϲս⻹ǵһμ
ǵ֮ǰʬԾĲͬӮһЧҽǣΪЧȮ֮ͣȴȫȻ˽ǵֻű˼䣬׻Ůɣ˵ҲֹоǸʹ㣬ĸ飬Ǻõףƺֻ˼䲻ԼεûʲôҰģȥʲôǡ
һʵʵĲսȷʵһ׵顣
Ĵʬڴ֮սһʱʮڤֿʼӡ䣬û׵ͻȻϮƺΪ֮ǰһŭĹϵһð֮ƶѾ֧ˣ˵ˡ
ᣬү˸Ͻ嵽ҵǰүȾʵСô죿ֻܲܿʬսܰɣ
˵ųӡʮڤɨһۣüͷ˵ܵ˽ĳʮڤȻڽӡ޲½ƾۼΣֻ·һ
ҵ˵ͷҲȷʵ岻ƣҪȥֻܽĴʬǡ
ҳŻɱʬɨһۣȻǼս˫ʾͬһ㡣
ôȥҲǰ취ҸϽֶүխZۣԸȾαеԱû˵ӭĴʬսķ˹ȥ
Ҫʲôȥ
ǱңĴʬʵ̫ǿǧҪ
һߺһǰ壬ۿžҪսʱְֳб·͵һȣһ裬Լ̱еǰһ壬ᡱһ¾Ծʬͷϡ
Ҫʱֻͽ׷׾ȭҪңҲܲôˣƮͬʱϽ͵˫һ۳͵˲ըɢ˿
ءһ䣬ըʬ̳ķ˼ŮһСҪʲô㿪
û˵ֱǰŭɶؽޱϤءǷŭ
磬㻹ǵ㵽׻ǲҵ磿ǡѾһֵֻҡбʵĽʬ
ûлشͻȻһ𣬺ճѾ
һη𹥻ʬϳ壬ҸϽ̧סˣŭȱ֣ҾͲᱻʲôƨռǣᡭ


968 
ֲŸһڣѸײڶ֮Ƴ嵽ҵǰһȭȻҴȭͷ¶˹ȥǱХȭȵ˳ʮԶסΣѳ˹
һȣǰһͺչսȻ⽫͹ƼֱѹԵģһֱҲĶ֣вԼħȻǿֵزģǵһѳѺڵѾֱѾƴȫȻǱƵˣǿֻм֮
⽫̫ˣ֮սʱԿǾ޴ϹžͷҲûоּѹ
ô˵أ⽫͹ơ뺷ȫǽŵ㼯һ塣
ͻܲҪֱһޣǸֽǰĿú䶼Щ޲ߣҪӵǿ
ŵǲɫĻ棬ΪṩЧı㣬ɫĻ֮ǰµ֮ġ
Խ͹ƣҲʼмܣʵ̫͡
ֻ΢һͻȻͼǿһצѾںɫİ֮¡һҵĿ˹
Ѳǽһζҷһ׺ݸһУȻҲŸոմӽһӹһ٣ûסΣĶʱܿͻȻϮһצ
Σͷ϶ǲˣһҧ׼ûס͵һȻ𣬸ոԽ͹ƣѻûֵȻεĶƣȴֻھסһȭ֮󣬾ѱҵ÷飬𲻵̫á
ûֱ̧һצѾĿץ˹̧ƺѾˡ
ʯ֮ʣͻȻͼһӰӽļɻζϸһһѹӵɡ
ɡৡһ˲ӹ򣬳ӭۿžҪײҵʱеĹɡȴԤ׵һɡ˲ײ˽ؿϣһȣײ÷ڵء
Ÿһ£ɡһİ³Ҷ浹˹ȥžһͷɽС
ۿС㷴ֳɡüһϲؽһ
СûңۿŽӵŭɶС㵱һŭ𣺡磬֮ǰѾһˣҪã˿Է񣬿Զ䣬ʧջҪվȻ𣿡
С˵Ȼһ䣬תͳСķ˹ȥ
ɻû˳ԶͻȻͼһͨһԹԵٶԵڵء
ϸһȻǽԼӰӽ˫ס˵ϣҲ֪϶СĹ
Ȼʱͼ˫ֽӡСһǰߣһĬģɫƺҲɣȻҪ׹̵ĽסϹŵĽʬɲһ׵顣
ʱȴ֮ǰյǸСͽƣŭųûĽ˹ȥһϽһ
ƣҹȥģ
һŭ𣬿Ƹûң嵽ǰʱͻȻͳһذףû˵һֻһ߬ס
һʱһ̯Ѫһ˾˵˽ϣҲڻܣ̧־ץ
ͻȻҲһȻʿνȻʿ˹֮⣬ŲͬƣƵ֮ڣѪгħ֮Чֱ͸ʦżҵĳħ֮Ѫһޡ
Ѫһڽϣ˲ðһ̣͸Ƶģ۵ýһ˺ѷεغУֿʼƴ
ʱͻȻһӰӰһΣצӼѽƵĺչ߷ɵĳ±屻ɫȼƴΣ֮д˳ȥ
ʱҲѾȻûվȣͼһĻֽ׻Ѵǰ׷ÿؽڣ˲һը죬СͶ㣬ѶԽС
ͼۿͨ죬֮һʣ㵽׻ǲҵ
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼǱΧסĽѳŮ˹ȥ
СһϽſԪɡҪˣ֪ȴקסҪȥС㣬ԼӭŽͳ˹ȥ
Σգ
СŵһɶȴȫȻڱƽΣգһܵǰ͵צӣ㣬Ҳѷܲſ˫ۣһ§ס˽
һ˲䣬ڽΧźɫĻ棬˳Ŷ˫ӵϣٿ߸߾צӣѾͣ˰֮УɫķŭͻȻתΪ˼ľɡ
棬˶סΨɫѱԽԽʹ࣬ǺɫĻѾʼƤ
㡭̫ͼ㲻ȫ̫ͼķˡ
Сһȴ㾪У̫ͼ򿪣˵ġ
ҲϹŵĲбʬ
ǣҵ壡
ȫĺڻȼգҧ̧ͷ涵˽Ÿʹ
ҵԲԣԲԣҵġ
㻰û˵꣬ȴȻֹֻ򽫳ͻȻ֣ݺһ߬ס˶ĲӣͽİСĶֱӴӵ
ſ
СʧɫҲȻĲӾڽצ֮Уôȣ
̫ͼѽ
СԼһЩֵƴس㺰Уֻʩչڵ̫ͼԱɫͨ죬ƺѾĶȴֻҡҡͷ
͡Ҳܡ˺塭


969 ˫
˵ʱ彥һ㰵Ľ⣬ȻڵһƷ̫ͼͼԶ
һһŹַ䣬ſһ̫ͼͼǶ¡
̫ͼĳֺתѾڶȼĻ˲俪ʼȻŽֱϿʼ˻ȥ
ɫĻ˳ŶϽֱ۵һ˲䣬Ŀ̴һ˺ѷεƺѿʼԼĻա
Сҡ塭Ҳܡ˺㡭
ֱϵľʹס㲱ӵ֣ҲʼԽԽ΢΢ѾûѪɫʹ࣬ȻȴƴҡͷͼԼͷų̫ͼջȥ
̫ͼĹâһʱԽڷɽֱ۵ĺɫҲʼ΢
Уȥģ
˶סʱСһŭҲ߶ʮһϽҪǰ壬ȻСȴԥȻǲȶ㣬ֻһΧȥ̼ٶ
ȻʱͻȻͼһɫĵ⡰ᡱһһţڿһλεӰ
һֱ߰ӰɢֻһɫȻ˽סֱۣըһŽ
ۿǽɫ׵硰һը˿ĲҽøӼȻգۼĹĽ׾ֱӽֱ۴λնϣŶ㲱ӵ䣬һΣҲѾͨһˤ˵ϡ
³ͻȻΧ˶ʧɫҺʬϾǶ֣Ȼ֪Ľʵ̶ȣû뵽һССĵ𣬾Ȼֱӽն˵Ǻεȵ
У˵Ŀ⼸ѭǽɫ׵紫ķ˹ȥͼǰԶҹɫ֮£һͨѩ׵Ӱѳǵķ򻺲һ־ϲ
ǣΪʲô
ϲǣڻعǵŶӡ
ǰ
ͼһϮ£֪ʱѾ߽˴֮У˫ֻǰУ˹˹ĵģνǰʤѩһ
Ҷ˹ȥ̳ůůһЦûȿڣͻȻȴСһԾŵغ
磡ôҲ󣡻һģ
ҷͬ·ôãһǸã
΢΢һЦ˵ӭŭڲͣĽ˹ȥ
һߣЦ˵οĶô׾ģˡ
󡭡
СҪ˵ûǻ˵ڣͻȻһҽдӴ֮ķϴ
ҽҸϽѭ˹ȥһʱȫסС㣬ŵĿ࣬仰ûü˵
Ǵ֮⣬ԭֵ︮ƴ׹̽ڲ˵һ־ᶨó˱ľ֮ǰѲμӹһսĹеϻˣ˸޷Щ׹̽ڿ⣬ۿžͿһȺ׹̽ڵİΧ֮ȫûˣȴȫ޷ӽڽӡʩסǵʮڤ
һͻȻתֻһȺɫŵ׹̽ڲҽˣӴܣǲԶĵط׵粢ǽɫģɫ
ְ֡֡
һ˲䣬СۿʪˣΪһȺ׹̽Χ֮ݺɱĲǱˣǡ

磡
үҲһɵ־ΪʲôͻȻǣ
ûүѻ˵꣬ͼһ˼֣Ⱥײһ֮ΧһȺ׹̽Ѳҽŵ˵ϡ
ȷʵֵ̫ͻȻˣЩƴɱֵ︮ҲΪͻȻֶס
˭뵽õ׹̴Ȼ︮бȥֿԼ
һͻȻս֣׹ʮϸǴʧɫͷݹ᾵˸æһ
ʲôȻϣôҲ׹̵Ĺ㣬㾹ȻҪԣ
ǳϻһڣȺɱһЦһ˵֪ΪʲôҪԣΪ
˵ŻͻȻĿСĸŮվλãǰδеǴ顣
Ϊǡ
˵˫һ񣬰һŭֻꡱһһ˲ٵһ˷ȥʱһƬҽΧΧһȺ׹̲̽ҽűɳ˼Զ׷׵ڵҹ
׹̽׹ǰδ˾С㣡ֵߣϿ֣ͣһǲ
ֻͻȻһŭȣָ̧ڽӡ׹ʮϣΡڴ˵أΪΪŰȻʮĲͷǱΪ飿
ʲôǱΪ飿һǼ𣿡
˵һӱɽϴţͼһֵĺӰɽˣͨڣϸһȻӴ칷
˾ȵǣ칷ıϾȻһʲôϸһȻֻ
ҲЦԩңȻҲûˣ˼
칷ͱŸһ֣һȺҰǽžʹǱ˳һʱֻʮֻҰ˶£˲ɱս֮УǴ׹һȺڲҽǱӴܡ
ƲڽӡĳϵһŭȣҪܣ챣ǣǣ
Ϊ⡰ʮڤ󡱵ʩߣʮȻ޷սֻרĵؽӡ䣬˵ˣȻĶ˻˼ǵѽ
ŲҰΧĹͳʮڤڵλô˹ȥ
ʮϣʮ³ɺޣʱ˶ˡ


970 
䣬ͼһ̧֣һ׵˲䳯Ŵͷ˷˹ȥ
֮ǰһлүʵɼһߡ
һͿҪ˵ǰҲɵۣҲ˲ϼӡˣæܡ
һ㣬һǵ˲ײԵһ׹̳ϣ۵ǳһҽУʱ̱ڵء
⼤ĵûоʹֹͣײǳֳ֮Χɢȥһʱֻһҽ˷գۼĹյĳ̱ص˵ϡ
ʮڤĽӡһƣͻȻͼǴΧ΢˸ƾֳһ͸ǽȻǽ޷ѵϡ
ɢĹԽԽȣͷ׹̳ϸæһȣӡƳ
˵Ͻߵڵϵһ϶ݺǿקһԼӭķȥ
ǳϽסʮ߸ڤ׹̸ָֿʼӡһʱͼֿʼųǿҵĹâŽΪΣһҹ֮ʧ
׹̳ϼսʱŭɶĽѳŸոմһֱ۵İȥ
˾ȵǣ⽫ĻָȻǿþˣֻŰȥƬ̹Ǳϵ󴦾Ȼںɫİ֮£һֻոµ
ԷڣȻӲûȽ嵽ǰͿʼˡ
Ǻ˲ӱܶĿ˫֮ţ֮˺󣬹ֻҪȡЩʱӽҵѡ
һˣС㡢Լֵ︮ҪȥæȴһŭȣǶдķ
ȻҲ֪ΰʵ֮ǰվˣһһֵǿϹŽʬ¡
ǣ΢΢һЦƺҷġ
ЦһƬ̼Ĺ򣬰Ѿżءᡱһն𣬿һɫ
͵˸屿׾ǰһ˾˸գûס˫תֻѾҶӿз£һҪתڽʱһ̧֣һƾĵ˽Ķͷϡ
ء
ʱ䣬ݴӰ˳͵ײ˽Ķͷϡ
ǽһըըýĺɫһͳΧɢ˿
ȴ׸ر¶ǵǰϵϵϤ٣硭
δֱӱһлԼǽӲĶͷѰзųĽɫ׵ס
ڰƺԤϵһ㣬Ҳûţһַֻųʱһֻѵֽӡӡһֻһ֮һļشʼ˷Žȥ
ڽͷһһշطʮԶǰһ԰ټƵļش˷شΧ򽫳ײýҡҰվվˡ
ǵشٷվҲֲǿ̶ȣٸشǰлȴûһƤ֮У׷ױײ÷顭
ɫҲɣæ˫ƽӡָָĴֱָСָʳָϳʨӡ˲ɢһŽ⣬ڡͳӡļӳ֮µõ
зӡ任ʮָȫϣৡһ£徹Ȼƾʧ١
Ҷڵǵȥ˵ʱ򣬰Ӱڽı֣ŽûӦ˫ֽһӡʳָָĴָŽڲȭӡΪѡӡӡһɣ˫ͻȻ͵һһڶĹ̴б˿
ʱҲѾע⵽˰Ķ򣬻͵ؾһȭ֪һȭҽ˰ǰ򿪵ĺɫ֮Уǰ˸ա
ҲûţУǰһܣ˫۸޶ȵſһ徹Ȼ׽صĹ֮С
Ҽǵǰһѧϰַӡʱү˵ѡӡѿ֮ţʹ˴䣬Ч͸⡰ˡϵԴͬ
ѵ˵áѡӡ͵ȥ
ûҷӦͼһΣĹѾĽŶװصĹ֮У˫ڵһǺžһɫƤһССһ
ʱͼͷ΢΢һЦ˵λҪʱֱһˡ
Ҫ
һæʣֻůůЦ˵ħʦ֣⽫̫µƾҸ޷ɱٽֻẦ˴ҡȻܽʱסվǳ֮ƣ֮ɰܣڴһˡ
һ䣬ͼȻ˫һգûȴҷӦأ˫ֽǺɫĹųſͷϿһΣˢһȻԼͷ׽ǹ֮С

һʱ䣬˶ʧɫǳȥʱѾȫʧǹ֮£־ץСĹţɻûץǹžƾʧ͸ȫûгֹһ
ҳɵۣΣͷֻܳͬɫүүô죬ͽһսģ
ҵȻ֪ǡǡ
үݺһҧյ˵ǱϾˣ޷ûеڶ˶áѡӡָӡ
㶮ʲôã
СͻȻüӹ˻̾˿˵ǱȥǰǿҲȫ;ȥ۱Ҳɣħ֮⣬Ͳܴĵط


971 ֮
Ҳһ취
ͻȻһ˵䡰ͨһ͹үǰүָһξַӡϰɣǽħˣҪѧһףҲܡ
Сӣûõġ
үεҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ַӡԭʦڵ߹һĳ˺ϰѡӡǾַӡ֮еϲӡ֮һǽħˣѾƽ˽ħܵ䣬Ҳܿ쵽ֻϰܴѿ֮ŵĵزǡǾȲ˰
һԣһԣ
أȻ֮ȥȰǾһֱڵظȥҲҪѰȻһˣôǹĶ֣أҽй
ƴغУȻѾģʵﻹһ˿׵ģظڵ£ôڵĳأԭһ޷ؿռ䣬ͬĿռԶǷֱģûн;
ڽʬһ쳤ХԼĽϣЩ׹̳æ乮ڣѾûʱų׵ˣֵҵĽҲѾʧټһʱ֮һƬȴ޷롣
⴫һ󼤵شһ˺ѷεزҽУֱͬǲһһ㡭
Ȼϣôһ¹Ϊ׹̵׳󸶳˲ѪΪʲôҪô
׹̳ϱ˵ع˵˿ϣٵð˾ʮ꣬ǳ׺ݣֱҶ硣
Ҳǵ֮һмһ߻֣䱻ǳϵ͹ƴˣȴʽȽȫûֺ·硣
ֻһмһ߳ǳߵҸողѾ˵û⽫ʮͬۡΪǸڵüջָңٸǱΪ飿
ιң
ſ칷ϵıֲˣһĸ첲мΧ׹̽˵Ϯһŭ
ڿûֳǴӵ۵ĳЦ϶ȰǻǸϿ־ܰɣҰĲһֱͼ׹ռΪУ׹̱ģ֮⣬ľ㣡һأһֲĻᣬҲ˷˻
˵ʱһֱԵһֻұмǳϵ͹ƣȴһֱں͵͵ӡ
һ˵꣬־Ҳѽɣǰһ˦һŸ͵ص˲ͳǳ˹ȥ
ǳϴʧɫæһܣȻȴһӰȴ󷽲Զķ͵ش˳
ֻһʧɫͷʱûȷӦǺӰѿþ˵Ȼ߲ơ
Σͷֻֽ۳ǺӰ˦˹ȥϣϰŵǲʯԷĹͣ˭ֱ֪ϻƵܵǺӰǵûκκ˵˼͵ӭȥиͻȻһؿЦ
ðҵĶˣ
˵ͼǺӰ͵һ±סۣĵ˲佫˫۰סǺӰҲ۵ÿʼҽ
Ǽĵϸһ͵һǺӰȻѾΪŮġ麣
ҵģҵģҵģ
麣һЦͬʱ˫ƴץסһֱۣ˫ۺܿͱֱϰǲյƤȻץŲԸ֡
ʧɫȻԷץ̫޷ѣᣬ׹̳ͻȻһǰȻһƾʹĺϣֳƴס麣һЦ
˶׹ʹʱһû뵽׹Чңר̻ǵæ麣Ǻɱ︮ϣһ𡭡
һ˸ƣ
ǳϵľϻ麣ͻȻ¶ʱǳ˾麣Զĵط麣ɿһֻץ첲֣һצӾͳǳϵ˹ȥ
͡һ麣צ˲ûǳϵĿ֮УֻǳһҽУûѾ麣÷˳
ǳжûüһͨ͡һ˵ϡ
ͷĳϾô麣Ķʮڽӡά͵ڤʧɫ麣ûô࣬ǳѪģķ࣬ץһβõ˫ֿ֣ݺһ¾Ͷֱ֮С
۵һƺߣڽһŹҲʼҽæͼ麣ȫû;ⲻвŮĹ͸Ƶģҧס˾Ͳڡ
ֱҵģҵģڵȵ⽫Ļᣡ컹ң컹ң
麣ＷĶݺݵĺۺΣֱŮ洼ƻĹؼڣԺɽħʬ߻ˣ
һҪأ
麣һЦͻȻͷһ˦Ѿĸ첲˺һӣѪ˳˿ֱȾͨ졣
Ȼʱͼ麣һڽϣиͬʱ
㷴ҲûãѾΪ˺ë꣬Ķܱ״ùԹԽֱ۽ңҪȻĻֱһٵɽЩħضʧأʱȺħ裬綼Ȳˣ
⻰ʧɫϾֳһ˿ǰδе塭


972 
´ңҲļƵóѣ
üۣΪĹϵ޷
һڣͼ麣סֱѲһŭžʹ߬ȭͷʱһһżصֱſһֵ麣ʹزҽǶȴֱϣǲɿڡ
߬ŵȭͷһҽǸ֮еĽһ
ҾԼֱۣҲ
㲻Ҫ嶯ֱһٹɽضң겻ˣҲ·һ
Ǿһµɣ
ҧһ߬ȭֱϵĵѱøӼ麣ĲҽҲʼǺ޲ϾͳĴȥæȻʣµʮ߸ڤȴƴӡס󷨣Ȼ֮ܲϵһ׵绹ûлָתӿȻסǵǽȴѻָøǰһļ̣Ǳ޷ѡ
ۿŵֱĵʼֱ۵ƤƿѪܵģСĸŮһǴʧɫΪӺŮۿ˽ѣȻκ˶Ҫܵö࡭
ٿ麣Ȼ˫߬ĸ첲ǶѪǶƴӲקͼֱ۴Ӽ˺ѿȻѾɹһ롭
ΣͷͻȻ䣬֪Ķһ̶ؾʹ˷˹
һҶסæΧ˹ˣĶʲôˣҲԴѵҹĻֹ˲ɣ
ûô£ͻȻһǰʮԶĵطҹ֮΢һգͼһɫĹѾ˲ûǷӦǹ֮ǰӰһΣͼһϮѩ׵ӰѾӹ˳һҽУͨһˤ˵ϣȻǰ

һӹ֮ӳһϲɸҪȥʱͼӵϼŻǱİһҪ䣬ֻĹ֮ѾܳһӰȰҪ࣬һžȻǽ
⽫ȻҲָ䡭
뵽ֻˣֱ˭֪ʱͼǽҲѾšͨһ˵˵ϣ͸ʲô˴ӺݺһƵģſڵǰһУǾٶʮֵǱǿǶסȫ֪ô¶ˡ
ҶЩ֪֮ʱͻȻ䣬𽥱պϵĹ֮оȻһԴ֡
˵˫ǵĴһûΪִñ˵廹Ҫֱףÿָǵˡ
ָһͻȻ͵һѰס˹ŵ࣬Ժݺһһͽ𽥱պϵĹŸ˺˿ѹųſϴ󡭡
󣬾ͼǹ֮ͻȻ̽һž޴ŹŴ٣ЩͣͷϸһֻһĴ󹫼צץסǾ˵ͷĴųŲڴǾ˵ͷϵ
Ǿ˵ͷֱһƬںڷˮݣҡҡλεģͬһһζš
Ǿ˵ӺںĹ֮ͼĶͷϻһɫľͷβ̾Ǿ˵ķ䣬ʱһ죬ͬһѪɫһѪ֮³ֲ̡
⡭ʲô
ۿǾ˱صӹ˳С˶һʱүüͷ˿ڣϹŴ˵ضо߹߹ɡɣͷۼƶÿճʱǧĺʱ̶٣Ӳ׽ԶΪʳԶΪŻƸа񣬺߹ڸڵ£Դ˻Ϊظڤֻ·ƽ
ү˵꣬ҲϽ˵ͷŵ˵ûǳ߹ֻصöʱֻĶǰһΣô䰡
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼǾ˳߹ѾӺںĹｫСɽһľ޴˳һͬϹһ㹧صͷ˫ּֿʼպϵĺɫŸס
ʱǲ֪ĶĴˣֱ͸˭ҵĹƵġ
ʱһ͸ߺͻȻǺɫĹ֮д
˳Ѳڹ˱ܣΥ֮
ߺĴΧķ֮УһĪĹǺڲҽУڿľ
ǳΧսľɨӣֻϹӰԴԣǳˡ
󣬾ͼɫĹжӲŴǺɫ֮߳ŹͷиԸ߾һ顰ơ顰رܡұдྲŹֳֵַֿʮ㣬ٲȻһŴλȨصĴٳѲĳ
Źʮ㣬Ŷʮˣһӹֱ̱֮֮߳ط࣬ǹֻּ֮ͷ泤С֣һѺľ̫ʦΣ̧Źǰλã̫ʦ泯ŷ£ʱִӹȺ߳ˣòԲͬе̡еĳɡеĻеֲֳָ棬ϸǴȫͬĿƷһ֣жߵǺľ̫ʦεĺ棬̫ʦңСĵسΧ
һˣѾȫȷˡ
ȻҲ¶ˣͽôһ֣ȻǾ˲ˡ
ˡ
ʱֻһĿƤڵѴҡڴӹ֮˳


973 ﵱ
Ǻۡǽһ󣬶˸Ǹص㣬ص㣬Ǿʶ
࿪ʼԱ֮С
һֻ׽˿ףֶһö⣬һ״ǰ΢΢Ȼûһ˿һЦ⣬ȴҲһ˿һķŭܾ֮мִ飬˹Ϊϲ룬ƴ͸ϲΪ˾彫֮٣
ڶֻû⣬ͷһװ˾ңһվǹֱһǽٿĴŴ磬һĺɫϿѴݣΪ˹ս򲻵֮£Ϊ˾彫֮ȷΪʥ
ֻף߬һѺĸֲ棬ᡢ۽Ӷüëб죬Ũ͸һ˿ƵĵţԻݱΪ˾彫֮󽫣Ϊ񽫾
ֻͷƵиңΪȵڶֻҪһЩðԲϴһ׽ףϿһüľŽľ衢ԭ۳룬ŭڣΪ˾彫֮Ҿ󽫣Ϊ񽫾
ֻѥۣͷӽüĿʱģһǸҲͻȻֵֻУΨһһûаЦݵģ˾ˡ
˾ְ񣬺䣬˾̿˹˹ģ˾еġĵʥ븻λ൱
УݱӦΪ֪Ϊ˱䴫˵е
ݱλϣŰսףϣ̬䣬ִɫսꫣλұϣһϮɫսۣԵʣֲֻ̽һƣḧԾ޴Ľ۰׻
ɽжйļأ׺֮Уж˷֮ɽдľǧ֦䶫ԻţҲжˣһԻݱһԻݣƺִ֮έʳ
ڴʱ̫ʦϣһֻŲסӡȵģʣǿʱųԼǸ٣Ҳ֪ˡ
ɴñۣٲҡЦӽʿ¼˭ߡ
ظϣ⡰͸լʥ
ۿ˶ųҶɵˣʱүһ
ɵŸʲôݣ
˵үԼѾȳ̫ʦҡȵĴӰݵڵأиߺɽʮݼʦ桭
үһߵݣŵΧֵܸϽҲ׷װݵڵأǵеӵܣߵݣһʦ桱ͷ̧һˡ
ظΪҴ˵еɹȻǵųΪʦ桱ûë
ظȻԸǣ֮鳯бѾİͽһۣŵýʼ΢΢񶼿ʼ
ٿȻҲҶൢ飬ϽҲһݵڵأ˵ʦڵʮʦŰݼʼ桭
ƽʱԳơҲѾϰˡ֣ϾԭţȻѾΪɽʦˣڹϵȻҪڲС
ظû˵ʱսս˵ӼսϹŽʬ֪Ķֻ֣ɽַӡ䣬δ˼Ϳ̿û뵽ȴ˹Źǰ򣬻ʦ
Ҫ
ظͻȻһȣĺһͬХŵΧ˶һŵôҴˡ
һڽӡʮڤҲѾסҲû뵽ȻܰѴ˵еĹظ
ٿ麣ӵɵϴҲˣǺë꣬ʵʬȼ磬Էǹٰ
ظ˵ʱͻȻӳ麣ɨһۣͼ麣һһͬʱû˵ɿֱۣתȾܣ͸Ƶģ߸Ь˦ˡ
ظߵ˾һ̸ӴظʵˣΪ٣ҪҪ׷ȥ֮
֣˼֮£ҹӢ֣
ظҡҡͷ߸ϣϵı龹ȻҲԳЩۿ麣ǡһͨת۾ûӰҲûٹֵһ۹ڵϵİ˵ҲŰҲʦǰһˣ֪㽫ŹǰöδŹصĹ»ҰɢǱ˼ʱϵⳡֵοƣ
ʦϢŭʦϢŭ
ŵߵݣٿ֮ǰͬһɱҺȻŵòҶˡ
ʱظŭ˾̣ǻ˶򣬹ƺöԹɢ޷Ͷ̥ʵ
⻰˾̸Ͻеıϸ󹧾ˣŹǰһսƻɱλҰٶʮֻŹذȳŵǽأسǹʮֵûɢ
˵ͼ˾ͻȻ΢΢һתЦ˵ͳƣУųɾΪ˽ʬΪų¥ҲΪƻƴֹκħǿܵ
˵Щʱͼ˾̱һֻ֣ͻȻҵķһOKƣҼѾɤ۵ģڷһ
ǵ˲ѽ
Ȼ˾̸һ꣬ͼظʢŭ֮ºݺһ̫ʦηụ̆ˣ
˵ͼظֳ̧һָŵ⡱һ˫һϽҲ˵ϣߺһݼʦ桱


974 ʮ˼
ظݺݵһֺۣЩëͷСӣǰǿŹأִ̨ȻҹŹǰ£֮Ĺԩ꣡ݣﵱ
ظôһ˵аһã˵ؿˣǰˡ
ظ˵ʱԱߵүҲһۣСֹ˵޷죬˰ɣ֪һ֣˵ûɢó
үͱ侮ʯˣ趼ˡҧΡΡ˵
ʱ͵۳ظһɨͼظָҵֻѾԱһƣתָһĽ
Ҳ֣Դظ֮ǰҫĽȻƨҷˡ
̫ˣôҲϹŽʬظˣרץĹ۱ֶñȽҪ֮ǧزŶԣΪʲôᱻظų
һߵСƺеɻ͵͵ɨһ֮Сֹ˵֮սԴ˵һսɰ࣬˵֮oЩҾ֮ͨĿˣܣʲô˳ʲô޳ɣŵɰظΪۣ֮ǰǸԸƾٵȻʿ˵ն֮ܣְأְһΪڵĹظ𿴽Ϊʬظն֮ܣ֮ʬҲ֮ȻҲoĹ֮Ϲ񴫳Уǧ֮֮ǿԶЩӣһסˡ
˵ظܻǣ
һһڣһߵүҲŵغٺЦ
ɵС㻹û𣿲пܻǣɾΪ˰Ƕġ
˵ʱظֳŽһŭ𣺡ǹ죡Ѳ˳֮ԶƽʱŹǰͶ̥λҰǱƽʱ˺üֱǧǰδУ񡢻˼䣬ܣϾ绮ָҲ֣ȴû뵽˶˼ֵ˹Źǰٲ㣬Ҫֵȥˣ߾
˵ظһŭȣһ˦䣬նʣָһ¡
ڽű󣬽ħ

ظĺ˾彫ٵԳͳŽȥŹҲûһͰӵ˳ڽΧΧһȦʼű󡭡
ۿ˾彫ٴͷһȺ֣ظһ߷µ̫ʦΣߵǰŰĲӾͰŵðɫ԰׶˵ˡ
ظŰͬСƵൽǵǰѰһӣֵۺһȺûõĶʲôħˣȫЩûõķŸʲô
ǱظŵľսæսսӵĶ֪վظŸ첲һЦİǶ
ʱظЦ˵ٻúúддأ
лң
һ㶣ȻظĴѾӿ£ݺڰļ£ֿЦȻҪúлл㣡ö˶˵һǣȺʬ衢ε˻ܴĵطͲԣϽֹƼ仵ڹأȴ޷뿪䡭
أνĹǡ
̲סһ䣬ûظشСѾһԿ˿ڣظ˵Ĳôһ˵˼λллء׹̵Ĺżأһսɰλ֮󣬶һأˡٲûţϾϹ粻֣޶ްռ˼ѹ࣬Ȫڤ˼ûأȪ¶Ҳﵽ˼ң״һֱһս֮칬ڤŵԿơûһɣΪڤԱظ˸޷˼֮£ĻΥأܵҡ
Сôһ˵ҲȻ򣬼ǵǽʬӮ֮ǰҲᵽνڤǺӵ˼ӮǻƵ۷ȥڤ֮ػ֮ˣΪŮɱĹϵʢŭ֮µӮ˻壬ձɱ˵еġǡѡΪ˻ʬ
ʱظЦ
޼ƿʩ֮½ħŪ֮٣ùŹǰ궼ʧأø˱һõ˼ʦᣬ󱾴ܲܣѴӴ㽫ƣʮʱڹŹǰһ£ɱʬҲΪ
˵ظһ̧֣һɰðƮɢ󣬻ħƵƾնһλε
ظ⻰Ǿץһһ㣬û뵽֮٣ȻԵɺ֮ĹˣȻ˴һҲɵ͵͵Űһ´Ĵָͼ͵͵ɨһۣǾȻֳһ˿ЦȻ͵͵գһۡ
˹ðʲô֮٣ԭһжǰźõģСҲ̫ðˣϾظɲǺǵģļ˼ŲǣηǵðѰƤ˲ɡ
Ÿңʵ¶ûеôðգΪ֮ǰѾ˵͵͵ǱһΡ
ϾԩҰͶ̥ضȻ󲨣ûɲʡ
СƽʱԲģؼʱǱȺģֱǾˡ


975 ݵ
ܴٳظħµҪͣǲܹ鹦ڰϣҪһˣǸո͵͵ұȻһOK˾̡
֮˵֮ǰáˡµʱڹŹ޷룬ϾŹйŹصĹأɲʲô˼ˡ֣֮㲻ҪۺλҰȥŶûС
ҪǴɸ绹̾ڹŹ⣬ǻܰͨͨʱ˿̴ɸڶ¥ǷսأĶй
ڣһڹŹس¥ϲʮλλ˾̣ץס˾ݡ
ʱȻҲ֪Ǳ׹̵Ĵͽս־ƣƾ︮ĿǰĲȻѾȫ޷סˣŸϽ˾̣ϣ뵽һõĶԲһ˼䡣
˾̱Ͼʶˣǽ޵öʱǰ·Ϊ˿Բһи֮ˡ
˾̸߰ΪȫǰѣŹƽ޹ʶ԰ԩ첻˵ʹܵظңйǶȦΪظҲͷ۲ѣһ뵽϶вԩ˼˹»ҰȲԸܵظͶ̥˵Թ޲ɢпȥķĻ˼ɾҪͷˣÿһ뵽ظֱ֮̾以෸ĹأΪֱֲ֮ȥָӴ֡
û취Ƕ֮£վ˼ĽҪܣҲиĽڲУΪҵڣظ˺ǲġ
ͻȻظ˾ҲˣǾð취ܽ˼֮Һ͵ظϵһֻҪһ͵ظϹϵһظ˲ɵ˼ȥħˣ
ȻҲûиõİ취ǴӦ֮Ͻ˼䣬ųҵǣʱڴ֮У
һУȻҲ֪ԼǽĶֹ֣ǰæһ֮սڽסɰҲǵ֮һһ⡰⡱
룬Ҳûбʲôð취˼ظһԸظݴȥʱ򼴱ظǱҪ
ô࡭
ǰַӡϵ˹Źǰ
ʲôط⽫ȻǲѣڹŹǰһֱӴɢ˲ԩ꣬ɾͰѹŹϵֵǶˣŹصȻһ֪ĶħҰرɱŹأھҪɡȻ֪ûһ򣬼ʮԱͱˣüҲɥ
ΪľǴŭһֱӰѹŹصĴŸһȡ
һʱȺң˵һԩҰֱӳŹ壬ǳҵñϴǿŹҲòĶȥ
Źǰһң˳¾˹ظظһݵһȺ»ҰɵۣͣҲħаĿǣο˼ҵĵϣ˼˶ڣûһĹͰѽʰˡ
һ˼ܵظʽһϾͻȻظħֱӰ˼ҹŹصĴſڸˣ̣
ظʢŭ֮µûʩչַӡ뽫˼䣬ûܣȸظһţ߳ˣ֮󣬾ظʽЯͳϽʮڵĽ죬ɱ˼䣬ҪͶƣնħ

ʮҺ
彫ٺһȺסظ߾ƣŵһŭ𡪡
˼١Ϳ̿ҵȪܲܣڹͷԹӹҺϴһƽ
ظһ͸ڶ˺һ㣬ֱëԴҲ죬ǡֲŸһڣһǺѾΧ˹
εĹǺѾϾ֮ǰЩһսѳѵİǵĿ޺һʮ㣬ȫǧʱ˻ɱ
ת˲֮䣬ۻܣֻҪĿܼĵϡСƺСյϣͻȻʼðһŨذ̡
ǰ̺ð𣬰ŰڿŰǹǺѸ
ܿ죬Ӱ֮оͼһԴԹӰ˸ǧȻѴӻȪ֮˼䣬һֻֻѩۺãսףһˡۺִ죬еıиɫɫениǹаש֮ʲôĶУһ¶棬ˣ˱
ʮɲСĿһֱ֣ӽΧΧ˸ˮйͨǴģվʮ߸׹̳ϵı󣬰һȺڽӡ׹ֱ̳ɵˣӡʱɪɪϻ
Ŀ⣬ܿˢˢسмտĴ֮ɨ˹ֻظ̽ҡһȣȫλҾлصظȥƴãһе˾ã
˵Żͼظֽ̧գץеնһգءһնϵ֮ըǡ
һʱʮֶϱʮצɢʼ׽ΧԹһʱ䣬ǹǺǴ˷಻ˡ
ʱظȴҡڵسڽӡʮ߸ڤ˹ȥֻʮһۣŵʮ˵еӡûн⿪
ظһߣָʮ˺콫󷨸ҽ⿪ѵȱһǣ
ظһ仰ŵô󲿷ڤɫײ˵Ȼʱȴͷһλ곤׹̳ϡǿסеĿ־壬ҲҪȻǹɹйĹءɷǻˣҶôֻҪǲ⿪󷨣ҲӲ
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ظһ̾϶˵ˣ˾Ҳ󷨺ް취
˵ظֻͷ˰һۣԹСˣͼʡ£ķӡ˼䣬֪˵ѱֹطûõĶ
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أҹǻɢҲˡҸ˶ϰɡ
ȻѾ˱ľģȻظȴ΢΢һЦִ㻹

ظһڣʧɫûʣظЦ˵Щȷʵ٣֪˶˼飬վΣǡ
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ٿظڵϵľȻǺ䣬˭뵽
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ͼɳӵĽ屻̫һʱ侹Ȼʹû취ֻܾУŮɣǷҲ֪֪Ầˣ
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ŮɻһڣҲЩݣǰֻǽ硭
ʱѪظͻȻһѹڵأһŭ𣺡ƾħҲɱң˲һն㣡
ظ˵ŻĽȴʣһսʣʱֻסĺһ֣֪ʱ͵͵ߵն̳ҹзȥһӰˣžһͽס˽һʱ䣬ҸǾõһǽסնģȻѾӹġ

ֽն͵һգʱ佣ȻͽʮѲҽŻΪɻҡ
ٺ٣˵նһﰡħ־ն
ظסĺͻȻһЦֵ۳ظظˣննħն˹֣֪ܲնأ
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977 
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׹̺һȺŻˣæǰˣûȿһݺᣬƵùˡ
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ԼˣնɱڤٵĴһӾø춯֣춯ְ
ںĿЦУͼ̺ڻȫĽűѹסظȥߵظԣ˫ֳֽ׼ظĺ
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ںĴߴУеظնԽԽߣǺǶƴغУϣעϣֹܹظ֣ȴȫӮŮʬסһʱ޷
ȻʱǸ߾նĽͻȻ΢΢һıȻ߸˰֮ϡ
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סڵظߴٽϿ춯նɱظڣںĴߴֻͻȻ͵һۣ˫ָ߾ٵնʱ£ҹĻ֮»һ׹
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һʱһУۿǽ滹ԼѪѾ˳żնϹͷƽλãŵúϽ͵һ߬ס˽棬ǽֹͣ»
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ظ˵ʱˣ絹ûզڶݺݶźٱǿأðĺ̫࣬ҲúƵĶһ۶ɡ
ظţɱ㣬ɱ㣡
߳ŭڵϵظȴΪȻۿź仰һͳԼظͻȻһƣءһһ˲кֱӰѺײɳʮԶ
ûȺӵظͻȻһŭ𣺡߾СҪɱôףӲ˷Ҫ㲻ɣ
˵껰ظֳںɨһۣٶŭС㻹ɵʲô˲װƶѣٲæ˿ɾ汻˻ˣ
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ŷӳ˹ϽĦȭƾҪǰ壬ʱȴظճɽָѹĿڣʼĬġ
űߵǰնԼâԽԽĿԽԽۣ׹⽫ȫûУΪϼҷȥ
ɫϼΧתֱ߬˫ȭ֮ϣ׹ɢȭͷϾȻһ԰׻ȭȭ׾ǲõ¶ָİزףһϣ˫ȭȻءһðһɫĻ
Ǻɫ֮£ɫȭ𽥱ڣɫȭֿʼֳһɫľ䡭


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ۿ˾ͿҪײһʱһŭ𣬰ŭٶȡһһĺת˲֮ͽٶȰסʮ㡭
Ȼܶɱߵĺ绹̲סһкá
ðƨŵ̫ˣ
û̧ۼֻȭѾϮҲŭȭͷźȭӭ˹ȥ
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ʬ˫ȭཻһʱذҲʯ֮䣬ȴŭͻȻִһǺĲҽ
ֻȭͷȫײһͬʱȭͻȻ䡰ءһ飬ѽϹŽʬôŮ֮ܣȭͷһȭˡ
⻹û꣬Ȼ绹δѾѺȭ÷飬ɼֱƣȭͷ͵ǰһӣһʯѵֱ۶ں̰ڵһȭ÷顭
һȭЩΧĹսߣֱŵˡ
ӵһ¶ʮ㡢Īʬͷһλŵ۹ֽźҪӣ˲ٶվǿ첻ıƽٶȣءһջȭͬʱȭͷҲͬʱֻһȭ˲ͽ˺ѾѺ۵ĿС
ȭͷӺǰҽȥִӺ˳һŵغһּ̧һѾ߬ס󣬵Բ۾죬һ΢
㣬ҶǽǵūͣΪΣΪζ´˶֡

һۣûֳȭͷ䡰ͨһ͵˵ϡ
ĴʬȱһɣɱԼͬ飡
˦ϵɳʱֻĻɳˮ֮дӮӮͻȻǻɳ֮г룬ڿˮ𽥾ۼɣ˹ȥ
үүͬү
Ҳû˵ӭӮȥۿӮӿϮһʹգǿиӮǺݺһȭ
һȭӮʱӮٶȻˮ¶ɢȻɢĸ֮ǰǹʱЩ̫һ
ǵǰǺӮʱΪΪءˮ𡢷硱ˮԽʬԵʣֻҪһܹɢֻĸط֪ؾۺϳͣ򶼴򲻵
βһһȭͷȥӮҲͬءءһըɢȻըɢڿеˮ¶ȴûٶȾۺϣԣӦ˵ǻûüٶȾۺϣ͡
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ۿӮɢɵˮڿлΪˮƮɢǾ°Ͷʱͼˮۼһڿһˮ۳һֵӮӰȻȴʵ壬
ұһˣ
ӮһڣСͻȻ͡һЦЦ˵һˣˮˡ
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ʱСЦЦ˵ôһ˵һ˵ˮȷʵ˻𣬵ˮܸۣոѵĽʬǿʱ򡢶ֵùظ״˫ȭнħħĹЧٿӮȻ񣬿վѾһսʵ꣬ˮѹסĻȻͱĻѹסˡ
С˵Ĺ򣬾ͼ߳ŭûлָӮֶݺݵسײ˹ȥû˵ͦؾͶһӮˮɵ徹Ȼײ˲ɢڲԶĵطΣҲ𽥿ʼʵ廯ˮ֮лָ˳
Ůɣң
һԼʵѹƲ磬ӮϽΪɳסǵŮ˹ȥ̧ͷһֻķɳ֮УŮɵͻȻ֣ǵ硭
Ĭһ£ŮɳӮӮǰﲻˣˮ˻㶼Ʋסɱ˻ǿƷģνҰղ紵ڿֻ»Ұԭƣʱ군
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Ӯһ⻰Ÿ˵ڣûأѾƽӮǰ۶˵һͨȭһĹְӮɢˡ
ؿɺˣΪˮӮмܵʹˣֻܱ׷ŵƮܡ
סʬһȺϽȥ鿴ظƣҲѾвסˡ
ϾӮѾסӮΪˮŸոմӷɳ֮гȥûãǾ͸оסЩӱԽԽȻȱˮֵĲ
Żζһڷһƣ󴦵ӾȻѿһС졣
֪ʱˣ̧ͷͷϿյķɳŮɣҲʱľ˰ɣվվͬһϻΪһ㱾ֲʲô֮Ӯ䱾ͲͬƵĻһԸһ㿴
С˵ʲôˣĴʬΪյ㣬ԴӱѡʱʼǾѾΪ˽ǵūͣûκεѡȨҲֻܽԼ
Ҳ˵Ҫһսˣ
һսףǣƴ


979 ڤ
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һ£ǽ֮ǰҪȸ㡭С֮ǰǧѩԼС裬񶼱׹̵ĻƺҲѾ죬ǧҪ취ǾȳѽǸҿǰﲻǵæˡ
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ŮɣȻǸƯŮˣǲŶ
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ȻûҷȥץںİȣȴһСӰѰšһԷ𣬽žͷϴһ
СôҲǸԳ˺ӣ
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Ϊɽһ֧ĺֱϣԲĹ˫۳ſһץȻżӵĹȴಡһִӿһ׿ʼ۾
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һȥ𣬷磬˲䴵ɢɳɳһɢƮڰ֮ϵŮ΢Ц֡
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ŮɵսʽӮЩͬž˵Ӣۣó͵Ϯؼʱܽ廯Ϊɳˮ¶ѣһ˸ͷۡ
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ʱֻѾٶȷԾڵʱüë˵Сһ֮
ɸûһشأͻȻֱɫצһ棬۽
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ֱ֣ҲӦȻû˵ķɳȷʵǰµúܣҲֻ۲̫»ۣôܿΧأ
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ʱڵ۵ĺͻȻһģôɳզܰѽⲻ۸ţȥҼϹӸ˰ɣ
˵һеһ԰ôû뵽أ
ʼգүǧ굤εϹֻ꣬Լһֱʹ÷ĻСƣڽ̵ʱؽġ
ۣܿ壬ۣҲþͿ壬
һĶĶĶĶ

񶨣
񶨣¶ڤϡ򷨹һΪңң
һűǺХķɳֻ֮һתƬ̵ĹȴܴķΧڶƵʹ켣ֱ
ͻһȣʱһǿ棬ҵٶȱ𣬷ɵԽߣдԽ࣬ҸоŷζİڶǰһƬ֮У𽥸ֳ˲ԶӮսĳ
ӮѾٶȻָΣȻֱ类ڻŵһȭݺҿͬûлΪˮ¶ֱӻΪˮ
Ȼѧˣһȭ͸Ӯ壬ûӮըɢƮߣһ˲ըɢ˸һɫ
ǻյˮ޴ӣײˮҹûһĹ򣬱˵ӮѾˮдһ̡֣ͨһڵأһʮȦģҪǱжǱ
ûٶѾߣ͵һ˦ѽڵȭϾȻһһѩ׵ĽһȭȥǷĽС͡һʹ͸ӮĿڡ
Ӯھҵزֺ󡢰Ŀɳʧڳû˶һͨһڵϿʼĨϢȻһսҲǺķ˲
ԣǱ۵ģΪʲôЩܿһ
ʱܸоΧХɳײƤȴͻȻı䣬ûͷȴʶи˳͵͵ӽ
ۿԽԽһһץĲӣոоָʵһŮɡ
֪ƮȻһ¾ץסŮɴʧɫϽһӾҪըɢɷɳܣɻûɢأһĽɫ𣬽Ůס


980 
һסȻŮɴʧɫûըɢĵ̽
һʱȻȻձΧûãŮɵȴǡءһըһŷɳҪӴܡ
ò״Ůһأɲһ׵飬Ҳܲ߶ʮһˣæһ˫۷ųٵֱӴΧŮΧм䣬ΧһˮйͨһȻʱסŮɣվǳ֮ƣϾûа취ԴԴϵطų𣬹ûһĹֻҪһŮɾ̻ѳȥʱץɾͲˣץסˣҲûа취
ҷʱͻȻٶȴ·
Сваðһѣ
ҵͷһɨͼͼڿնҸϽвУûãһۡ
һ˵˫ͨ죬ҧгŭСʲô˼Ʋ𰳣
Ʋ㣡ңҹһ߶ȥ
ҵŲʵϾõɽһ֧ת֮ʵ˵ûĶ֣ϾЩͬƾһ;Ͱﲻʲôæ
뵽ʱͻȻһϽϸ۲챻м޷Ůɣ֮ڣͼһɫĵŮɻɳ֮ϣǻЩɳʵϸһȴֲˡ
ԣǵûдɳӣ˵ŸոɳһӶɢˣȫᱻЩɳ
һȻ򣬶԰ɳǲģõʲôã
һһ㣬ҸæŰ˹ȥľַӡһѣҪˮԴ
С롯ӡ
һ㶣Ȼת˲֮ҲѾȻ򣬾ϲ֮¸æ־ĬȻûõĹȴüͷҡҡͷ̧֮ͷҾŵ˵Сûõģ롯ӡΪ֮ȴƾմУ⸽ûʲôˮԴΪ¥ȺٵԵʣƺЩסˮܶѾضˡ
ˮأ
̫ˣһʱҸ
˵ַ˳ѵ뵽һð취û뵽ȴֻܷˡ
ʱͼͬү泯ҾСӣһѣȻ𲻵ʲôãҲҵһġ
˵ŻͼүԴһ¾һ̵ȻҲѾˮԴɳ硢ԵŮɻɱļƻ
һү˰취㡢С˸Ͻӭϣߺֵ︮˵ֵǣ־ɳǣһæ
һʱ䣬ޡۡȵȸֶĵȺ֮зüһһڿ̵ҷɡ
һ̵ܷɶ߰ܰҵæڷڿеɳָһȺȥüһžһҽҵͷһͼԴһճż̵һҲ³
вͨүһ߶ĵĸŻһְڰ˵вУҵķǰﲻˣˡ
˵Żɨ˰һۣһ߬סϰɫճҺİ֣˰Щ̵ǾõˮԴ𣿰ԵС롯ӡ־Щ̵һ
үһڣͱݺݵһۣʦΪʦҾͲ㣡ôҲǸɽʦþַӡٿЩճ̵ɱҲ
ѽʲôʱˣͱīˣ춯֣
УҲɷŵԼѪȥԸŮɡ
ʦͽΪһ̵ĻҲǹֶĵġ
ʱͻȻķһУ˵Ŀ̶˹ȥͷһ˶סͼ粻֪ΪξȻԼĿ
å񾭲ѽ
ŮˣС㡢խZ۵˸ǳȥҪߺ磬ɺûǣһ󣬽һ׼ҺС˵ﲻæǲǣ㿴ţھͰ㿴
˵䣬ͼͻȻŵһһʱһһƵˮӭնֱӶ
ǳġҲڿ֮Ȧ֮ҵ𻤱֮УǱŰɳ֮ϡ
ɫҺɳϣŪʪɳΧȫĵʯһʱɳ֮дŮɵһҽУȻİ취ˡ
ֻһˣվһŮɣʱֲүƺҲȥˣСһιŮҺ£ۣ

үĻûС˷ӦѺᡱһԼĿӡ
ҵŵǧħԲҪοȫֵ︮
ۿүѾˣһȺ︮ӸǲҲӣһһɫ˿ӣͷ죬ʼŵŮۣΨСǵûа۾ϣŸϸϸ
㿴ʲô
СûɶӦүС㿴ֱë۾ͺСȴֻ΢΢һƲ˵ͱˣֲ︮˿ûҪǵģ˵ˣǽˣԹɶ
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С㲻ΪүȻҲû취ˣҲ߶ʮһֵһۻԥİðҲ֪ôǺˣʦˣãѰɡ
̾˿Ҳֻһʱ䣬񳯷ƣ˵ڴϷŪ麣ʱһʱ䣬һɻȻҲɵһ̾


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п裬ҲѾ裬ŵŮǱ۱ͷһײһһߺ𡪡
ѽˡ
ٿЩƴæֵܣһɫȻϵɫǵĶ
ˮˮˮΪһŽǵϣ˳Ǹջ䣬ҵͷһ棬ʮֻ߰ͷңֵȫȫҡңΪ˰ҪˣָжޣͻȻȽȽһָо
ҿСڴɢˡ
ҿҶø硭
λ︮ʼˣԼͽͽھɱĶС
ⷽȻĺܹãûһĹ򣬾ͼĽ֮¿ķɳȫһˮʪһʱɫĵٶŰķɳ֮иƵƵŮɵĲҽ
ûãͻȻɳ֮дŮһ˺ѷεŭ𡪡
ˣ˵ֻʬҲҰɣȻôͯ򡭡
ͯ;ħãҲиŮ⽩ʬĴ
һŭǷɳͻȻһΣ־ۼŮɵүһڰŮɵ˳ǳһĨһġˮЦ˵Ů֪︮˰ɣ
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ŮȦˣһֳ֮˹ŭ̫۸ˣ
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һŭ֮ŭڵŮɻζΣһ˾ͳ˹
ŮѾ֣ҵȻʲôּ̧Ѿءһը˳ȥ᳤Űȫ֮ŰѱøӵңټŮֱͯ׸ոըðĶܵסƴȫһ
ըɢѪɫ֮ڣֻŮһҽУڳŵȥͨһͽʵʵˤڵء
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֮ǰ仯Ϊʱ֪˶︮Լֵܣһ𣬶ʱŵ˵Ͻóһ·
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ɡ
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˵絥ϥڵأͻȻȭȭ͵ŮɵĿڡ
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һΣǷɳѾǰŰĿ𣬶ظǵգסůģȻ󻺻ʧ

״ˣΪʲôҪôҡΪʲô
Ƿɳ֮Уҷ·ŮɵĿģһǰչƺǰŷɳƮɢģŮɵǰ䡭
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Ҵӽʬ·﷭˰ֵڷϣ˭˵ĬسָоǾΥˡ
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һЦȻ˹ǰѾ΢ЦҲһһˣůůһЦ
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СӣոǱôңͲǶﰡ
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Ҳɻģͼֽ֮ǷòҺʹͼԱȣյóһЩȦŵλãƺΧڳЩؾġ޹ڻλá
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פӵڻһ£ڣżԶҲᴫһڻȫĿĵΧըһͨƺҪЩʬըը١
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ѵ˵ͼֽģܲڻ
Ҹ뵽ֶүԱ˵֮ǰ۹ˣȻڻͼǵڻûв͸


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Ĭһ£˵ڻ˵ĵһǹʬĿǱ749ָܲܲѾռˣפӦ͵õһϢΪʵĹϵܶǿըΪʲôҪΧһڻأȻܲҲǵĵڶ۷ѡ
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һڣ⡱һسŽµȥ־㣬ò˵ɽǵĽ£
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ʱһֱԱ߳ĬͻȻԴ˿ڣ롭˵ӦòǼٻƺҲָо
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һһڣ˲ɫΨүֶүȼλӱȽϺõǰɫ򶨣ȻҲͲµһ㡣
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ûѻ˵꣬СѻһЦ
ȥ¾ȥɣҲɼȻѡ˰㣬;ȥ㣬ʲôӭ
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˵̧һָǵĿѭָķȥԶҹĻ֮£Ǿͷƴҡͷԡ
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˵ҽ֮ǰά˹ϵҵĻأҪҶԻһֱνġά˹ڰȻ⻹ǵһΡ׿˵ԼԼЩĴ󲿷ּƻһһ˵
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һһڣε̾˿Ĭò˵ӦɡԴ׹ɽ֮󣬺̶ܴϵõ507ļ֧ԮǷɽżֱĴһսҲ׹ԭֻǰæɽѳɣһҪýǸ´ңħ裬нĻ˭ֹˡ
˵ŵͷɨһԼֻ麣˺һֱۣ̾˿˵麣ǱôãͻȻҪҵֱۣҲܵ˸ָʹֱвŽһоѳΪҺɽȺʬԼŮ洼ƻʵƷ졭
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˵ͼֱ̧ۣȻͼֱ΢΢һ£ȴȻ࡭
ֱܵ麣شѾˣҲ˵Щ׹͵͵ɽʵİʬԼ½֮еսħʧء
ʦҲа취㣡
ʱһ˵ŻϽ˫ֽӡɨһۣͼʳֱָʹָصϣСָָϣĴֱָɴӡΪַӡе١ڡӡ
Ҽǵǰү˵ڡӡΪַӡһӡꡢЧԹѧɴӡ˸ûм
ΪˣʺãҪѧӡȻ˿ö࣬ͼӡɣһ̴ֱָָָⷢ˿ڣȻǽȴͻȻԽԽûõĹ򣬾ͬ;ƿݰϨ𡭡
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ʧɫⲻܣ֮ǰӡԼƹˣЧġ
ЧǶȫûá
ҡҡͷ̾ǾתĻˣԳʱͲˣħⷨӡЧȴûЧ
ɨһǲܶķ֣ɨһ˵ֱܲܶڲҪֻҪȡͺãĵ֮ǣȷʵǣҲǴ˵е꣬ҽ֮ǰΪ˻ȡҵѾҵһУ˵ֻҪųǣҵһʱұħɸǷģֺ͸ҪȻǣٻ硭
ǡΪʲôɽϵһ𣿡
걾ɽϡ
˵꽫٣Ȼ˴ǵĹ񣬵δѣ۷˻㾡뽫ͬھ˽з칬׹ɽɴ˵֮еĽǸģû˿ɱҲֻܽӡԼĹ֮УĹλãɽϡ
ôһ˵ƺЩ˵ͨˡ
룬ܾʲôطԡ
Ҽǵã˵칬ڹɽ׹ģһֱ칬֮ڴδ½磬ˣհꡢŮڵһȺħƴعɽĿľҪλڹɽ֮۵칬
ɽɽͬһɽҲΪʲô칬׹ڹɽϣһֱ칬ڵȴսɽأ̫ˡ
մ˵ɽɽϵȷʵ٣˵סħԹĽľϵ˼䡢˳ĹɽֲɽģɽûҲǧôģ
ţҰЩҲ˵˳ճڣԵ˵һ仰һ¾͵ҡ
ţɽ֮һţͬӹ˼һĴڡ
Ҳ˵
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985 ǰδеĴΣ
һɫҲͻȻѿƺҲѾһ仰ѡ
˵ɽɽͨĳ;ģɽʱ˿ǽ£Ҳ˵
һɽѾħͻȻʧأҵǵŵĻʱɱ
ȻԶԶҵһʱѹ˵ȫ֪ôˣϾһ̫ᣬȻǿʲôλãүҵľԶԶġ
ҲǸȵȥ̽̽
ԵЩ֪룬ү첽ǰֳʻ˵ȥ
үһڣ̾˿˵ҵҲȥǸͽȥΧзӡҲΪǲӡԵʣһֱڵ²ûκ˷յԼڵľָӹ١ά˹ǸͼѾ·˽֪ˣҪڻ꣬ϾſԿףҲۺеǿͭơ
˵꣬Ҷͬص˵ͷǵүʣûʲô취ǲ鿴һʲôǱ˵ôֲڸΪ˽ʾ֭˸ԸĻǿɾˡ
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Ʋ˵ΧĽӡȻǵַ̫ģҾһСС޶ѣĶƳ
ΪҲ⽹ǣҳĬһ£ɨһ˵Ҫֹ꣬Ҳȫûпܡ
һһڣҵĿ̶˹˵ʱ򣬴ȻûκЧģǲӸ֡
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үһʣüͷش˵ܼ򵥣ȥ취Χǵľɵһ˰ˡ
Щѡ
羹ͻȻ̾˿ͺҲͷ
ϾǶ֣ǵǻڷñʬħΧʱںͬﱻʱݵĸŰǽһңټϻĴһս类ɱȻҶѾӰ
ֵǴͷɥǿչһ˿΢Ц˵ô֧С첻µز£Ҳкµʱ򰡣ڿɶˣɲǰһŰȥˡ
С˵ЩǶףǡ
ԥһ£ֽ˵Ǹȷʵ̫ˣǿһǻ㾡ôؼʱ̣Ѿϵǻȥһú塭
壬ҲҪȥ
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һڣҷ׷׵ͷⲢľٶȴѸжˣʮˣǸڷ߳ơΪеŵӳĽġˡһεõ˴ҵϿɡ
ֵǶԣҸϽַ˵ãǾô˵ʦ׹̲һӻӵڵܵǾʹܵȥһֲ
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һظʱЦˬʶϤЦֵܼǳ˶һ
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˵ְһŽһϵıʮ־㤿£˫ĿԲɡͳϴͷ˳˫۾ͻ͸ϵĵƵģ쳣ȫһ
һ֮˵ֱӵжǻŵĽһƵģȻܺҷԼĳɾͺͼ䣬ʼһֱҵά֮ǰ̫ңȻֱǳ׷ˣ취½ϣڳЩĽʬЩŮ洼ƻġʵƷȫް취ơ
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ϸһǱˣȻǡԼǧֵ˾ҡ
Ҷ˹ȥ̺˾ͬһʱֱ̧֣ȭֻ˾˵λ֣֮ǰҶ˱סЩش֮£λֶൣ
˵˾ֳɨһۣüͷ˵ʱҲͬѧʦֵܵϣȲƽϣոֵ︮Ѿ˵ˣ㣡
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ʱţΪ˵ʿʼڷɽԼ֧ѧʵ˾Ȼʶ
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Ȼһʧȥ֪֮ǰɱǵġʵƷǶѾָԼ֪Ҳ˵ѾȫٿЩʵƷˣ£˵ҲǺ£˵Ҳǻ¡
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˵ʱһʲôûмʲôǧٹֲ֡ǿҲᱻųһΣŵȷֱԴˡһȥ


986 ֮
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ͬһʱ䣬ԭվĵطءһ죬һҵػѡһſ
֮ҸϽһȻǻϷ
ǵõǴɽϣһڳ˹£ʳʬ޴棬үǸϹȥ֮ڳɵʬҵһͮͮƬϷϵۡ
ʱү˵һ仰˵⽫һӵĿǣʲôʱʲôùܣֻתѾӾܾˡ
үǻ˵ˣ֮ҼЩɥ⡰С֣֮ڽһĻɽɽկݵĻȻݽ˴УѾΪ˸߸ϵ︮û뵽Ŀ־壬˿δ
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һǱϷ˹ŵүϽС㡢羪Ҳæקңʱ˵¿ɲˣһϣϷҲѾȫҿˡ
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⻰СһʣϷ׹ǧĻޣ׹̽Ҳ׹һδ˾ôҲǵĻ׹ڵʹ˭
С⻰üͷҡҡͷ˵ڸûʲôʹ
ʲô޸ûʹԼСʱʧɫ
ֵͷ˵֮ǰϷոʱȷʵйʹרԼֻޣֱǵŮԼ麣û뵽麣ȻйǣһսϷٶȱӡҲ麣ɱ֮󣬾Ҳûйʹˡ
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Сʣ̧һָԶƻɨһڰгıϷ˵ͨ507ļ＼ģϷҲ507ڵĹϵɹٷԱͷųģֻ󶼱ҽ˸졭
죿òǡ
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Ĭһ£˵ϹµĴ˵ϷΪ׹󻤽ޣҲǱ׹ոģʩ׹̡ܹԼ޵ģԹֻʹҪΪʹÿһĴ˾ڳʩչӳ֮֡ǰҽʮԼֲ׹̽ʹԽ޸֮һֱǿۿעеĽľ֮ٿǣֱʧЧҲ˵Ѿȫʧء
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С̾˿ۿűϷԽԽһҪɵֺ˵ȻûʹֻˣȻԲ׹ڣֻܲһֱƻȥɣ
˵ŻСߣ첲ӣƺԶ֣ŮСһҲϽæӾĸһǰ壬үʱڲͣȰ˵СҸطһ㣬ԹžΪУȫ㣬ûкô
үһȰһߣͰҲںŵؿʼҡ
˵ʵҲ£ǱϷĽҾ̲סβҲνСҴѹԿ־аɣ֮ǰϷץצʱҾָͬо
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һ˵һǰߣͻȻϷſѪһУŵֲ̱ڵأǿͦסڵһվ
Сва
ҲУҲУʰˣĻôȥʰ
һͷɨһֵǣֽüͷ︮ĿǷֵ︮ѱлˣȻڹǴʬԹ֮£ֻȻǸǿ취ɵͷߣֻͽңɵȥǡѽ
һû˵أǱϷѾ˵ǰצڵһһ߬סңٵ˰֮С
С
ҵĻȥʰͷ񡭡ζҪԼʰ
ұڿһŭֵǲҵǼֶүүԼխZ۸ϽֵָǷɢˣ΢һ¼ƻһԱԭϢмֵܱ֮󣬴ֵܱ·Զ¥֮Űľͷ˹ȥ
ۿŴ󲿷ֵǶ뿪һôһĻˣҲᱻǿˣϷץצʱֿʼ·඼ҪƵģһʱ侹֪ʲôõķ
ʱķͻȻһк
ιȶ̵㵽вѽ
ҶʱһͷһͼտķϣСźɡԭأҸϽµС㣬ôûһ뿪
ϻǲ㣡С΢΢һЦ
˵ˣζҪԼϷսʤνСĿ־壬㡭
û˵껰أСȴ˰ֻ֣Ц˵ľͺˣԼս޹أȻ㣬ֻҪ㲻;ֵģΪѽ
СС㡭
⻰ҾĪظжСҲĨ±ӣֺٺٵػЦЦ˵ˬ棬·ֻصʶӣʱǶûκεĸ
лˣţƺðɡ
һһڣͼСͻȻһ죬ѳñϷһע⣬͵˫ۣһצըɢϷ۵һУ֮ɿצӷſҡ
ŹңŹأҳһȣһɣ˱Ϸĺϡ
ϷϷһǹһǺףǧУҲи˶ˡ
˵ʱϷһζ壬ƺҴӱϸˤȥͻȻһףӿһŻֱҹգ󻮳ɻ߳µ䣬Ϸȶͳǻµķײ˹ȥȻҪǻҴӱϸȥҲûӿ£͵ؾһȡ
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һսûκ֣ܲħ磬㣬ֹ㣬ҵĶԹԹոûһˡ
ͬʱͼ︮·ҲѾͬķ򣬳ҡͷβľͷΧ˹ȥ
׹̣ǧ޵ȻȼսǿЦȴĳȡ


987 ս
߰ڶΣſͷ­һҡͷԣʵβÿǰһɨһ޴Ƥһõǽ
ʱһزҽȻǻкܶ߱ڷСҡҡ׹Σ¥޷ѡ
λֵܣѪϴݵĿǰǿĻɱǿУ
ǰүӯֶүȻխZȻˣü۽ңүһŭ·ʮ˵һŭȣ׹ˣ︮ˣѲҪվͬһϷɱеֵܡ
ۿǰ·齩ʬǰ˹Ȼһŭ𣬴Ⱥм˳
ԸΪλ·
ѾȫܶǰʱϵֱҡҡڰڣȴûӰ쵽ʮɱұһΣŭ䣬һŵѴէ֣Ȼ֮ǰҪ࣬ǶԸЩʬҲѾǴ´ˡ
Ϲһͬӭս
ͻȻһСҲһܳȺ˫ƽӡͬʱͼ˹һȺʬӰӣѾʼػζ
һӰͻȻӵԼˣסЩʬĺ
ιιιͷǲǣǶҲ¶Ļᣡ
ҲʾһС򸾳ǰɱУԼҲͲסˣӾǰ壬˻ԴͷϡۡһǼͷһζջΪͬ¹һľ޴ǣӭĽʬײȥ
ػɽȷ棬·һɽ·ƣ˭˲ʶ磡
һһС㣬ټһֻԴ󷢵ϹޣһĹͽ˹ĽʬȺɢ˿үʬȺǰԶǾͷ׳Ӵ
ߴߴ磬ֵȫ
үһŭָ̧ǾҡεͷоͷߴҪ⣬ضͷ˭ҵնͷߵע
˵ͼүʼ˫ƽӡ̯⣬˫ĴָʳָഥΧԲǵС롱ӡһӡá
ӡһɣءһүͻȻһ׶˵׶˵һײүŵףүǱȥһУᡱһͳžͷһͷȥûȱǾͷ߷֣ӰѾͷϣ˦ִгһɽǴߵͷ
үԸǰ
һۿѾ嵽ǰһʹܵϣ͵һצȥֱӽһƬӵ÷飬ץ۾
ʱͼһСӰͻȻԣ˫Ŀ֮͹غ硣
һץסƬȳһЦһһߺٺЦ˵磬¶ɲ簳УȱٶΣ
˵ŻϣûһĹͳһ׵ľ룬ںֱ֣ʱͼǾͷߵһͷͻȻſѪھͳıϵϽһӣСı󣡡
һŤͷ׹ֱðһѪ֮УһѱסӣȻӴߵק˳ڿеǧ
Ҳʾ˼֮һҲߵߣץߵݾһͨ˺ûһĹȻߵƤ˺һ롭
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סߵβͣ
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ʱͼһ֣֨һһϸСİ׹ͻȻӰı˳ֱǾͷһͷϣһֱС׺
ǿͷȻҲС׺Լӽһһȴû뵽ʱͼڰյС׺һΣһ˲峤˺üͬʱƨɺһһ˰ββԭα¶׼һ̶غҲӿдȻӱȾͷҪСϺܶ࣬Ǻȴ£ͬͷҲ
һͷʱҲ˵棬һԼһȺ˹ȥ

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ۿߵĿھҪҧ壬˫һ𣬽µ̫ӡƾըһֱߵĿУһŽ˲Ϣ֮佫Χס
Ѿղסڣһھҧ㣬ȻŸոմ̴ΧĻ⣬˳ͷĲλȴƾݳѪģĴȻǱһƷ̫ͼˡ
۵һ죬̴ӿƮСϽܵ칷ϣ칷ԾһѾס˻ʵ㣬û°ɣ
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Сļ֮ǰּͼ䡰žߵһҴһʱ׻䣬ߵ׻ըĿȫǣһҽС
⹦ֵҲѾ׷׸ʩ䷨󱳣ֱ֮ߴȥ


988 
ֵܼսͷʱȻһȺʬ֣˶࣬ȻҲηǡ
ͼǸСͽƣխZһֱػڳޱԣޱһֱڸߴϸɨžͷߴ粿λ
ͻȻޱһü˺Ȼ࣡ߵ࿴˹ֲģ˻ɳܿĻǱ裬ʹнѳɱһС
ųޱŭֵǸǸɾʮ㣬ʱһȺµԮͻȻս֮С
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һҵײҪҧһھ޴ͷ­ֱӱײҡҰڲҽͼһӰӿ£ԴЦ
ͷҪӲһأ
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ЦʱǱŭľѾſѪڳҧɻûȶ̴壬ȴһͬͷ­ҲѾѪҧ˹ͷҧòǷֱҧ͵һڣʹ̴ߵĲһͷ˼ذһͷס
ϸһͷͬӵһ׳ͺ;ͷ˶٣ȴҪСϺֻܶ࣬һͷ
߲һ𣬷˼ֻһͷߺľ£ܲܳŵס
ԭľ±仯Ϊ˾ͷģǷ㣬˲ĴСϳ˿
ľµһߵͷĶпմﰡʱһСӰȻߵͷվʼӡ
֮Χһʯ濪ʼͷ棬ߵԴҵáءء죬Σűߵľ½ͷ̽ȥʱѾߵͷϸ˹ȥ
˼ձʦս֮⣬һȺ¥ĳҲӡڱ˵ĳ֮˹ǣֵһӣӵĺקŸΣŸüĿʮֺÿˡ
尡ƣ
ְȥĶ
ֵܣӱɱѽ˶զɽڣ
˭뵽ԶͷԵĸӾȻͺͺˣ
ӦģΪ¥һȺʦǰĻһˣ˫ۺȴ΢Цš
ۿԶսңֵһսʮ㣬ҵ̣һڷһѪȵ̴ӲҳԱɨһۣſڲԶѾһϢıϷó޵ĺͮͮ˫۵ңӿдһ󼱴ٵشϢȻ۵òᡣ
ſھҺܽĵطһֱͼңȻźֻѾҴϣˡ
ȶ̵ģδҲ̫˰ɣ
һߵСͻȻһҵĻСƵſҵؿϣԽߵ˵ȻУҲǸ߸ϵϹŶ㻹ϵɣαĥأ
ĥС㣬㿴Ҵöң
Ʋ죬ί˵ոһսʮЩҪҵӼ࣬ҪȻĻڿѾ쵰̻ˣ
ӣϾ
СƺǷģеĿŰĹˡ
С˵ʱһֱ͵ɨֻ񣬾ͼ˼֮ͻȻ죬һŻէ֣Ȼ΢ûӵùҵ۾
ѾҴһ룬Ȼ͵Ϯҡ
ͻȻǱϷһţ۵ĻʱΪһһ𣬡ءһҺСķ˹׼һ̧־ųȥ
ɻûҳأһȻСеĻԪɡѾǻķ˿һʱءһ죬ըɡɢ
ûҷӦͼһСѾȵվһеɡָűϷͺҪǲǣûأ㵷ʲôң
СԽ˵ԽŭһʱҲɵظоһݵɱ˲ˡ
ٿС㣬ѾӭűϷ˹ȥСڵģϷҲɫʼŵɸͶˣСҲû嵽ϷǰԴϺݺ˼ţֵۺﲻ㣡
˵ŻСԪɡ˫ڱϷ޳Ĳϣ˲ءһǰǰɵعͷ죬Ϸľ׵ǾֱӱȻɫըˣϷһû˶
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С㳯ҺݺһۣŵҰëˣϽۿҿˡ
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Сһ¾ͺˣû˵¶ҹŹֵգ֮˵СϢˣǸȥ˰ɣ
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989 ŶӼ
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ϾһսɵĸȷʵСϷһսˡ
ҪˤСҪңɻûС֣һֻѾһ߬סҵĸ첲ҲסһһֻһѾͰһֻ첲Ҳס
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Сӣ㵽ва
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һֱС㡢ҡ硢Լɨһۣοص˵ͷе⾧ӨĿԼĴϡ
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˵ŲΡΡ̧үּ̧һѽ߬ס΢΢һЦò˵ʦţ;֪ɻԸһأǳֳս
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ָԶǷ֮ǰһȺٻҹķл谵ĵƹ¹⣬ԼԼҹ
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ǴЦſʼΣҲοһЦգƺܾöûйˣƺֵֻҪһΣÿζǶķˣΣͷԵ̹Ȼԡ
ҲûϽҲܹȥקһȥү;ǸոաһռһΨСȶڵܵԱʱѾˣҲǹˣξȻûķݶ
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Ҿû׼ģֲˣֻʲôΰ˵ˣĸӣɶҡΣ
ү˵һĬñӶˡ
ʱүһŬ죬ЦǺ˵ûҴʣһֻ֣Ҹ㰲ŵĸλҡΣ˰ɣ

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쵽ǰʱͻȻһΣžһʹȻû׼ãϺȻһᣬڼƴȫǰһʱءһɵɲס͵һͷײſϣײֱѪ
ں涼ͣűӾүͲܸ˵һԼ˲ӣʲôֵܣ
ֵܣûֵܣûһָۣԺﳯ˵ҹԺиֿ⣬ܵڲֿ
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˵ŴǰߣɫЩѿ˵֮ǰԼһжɼȻҲ
Ժӣ˵Ǹֿ⣬ͼֿſڵľŰ򿪣ڶġ
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һӦϽ̧һ߬סһֻĲӣּһͽǺӰԴ
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˵һ룬ͻȻһ־ŵ˵׹̣ѵ˵ѾڹɽҵʧѾõĹҡ
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΢΢һЦ˵˭ٵأѾ޼ѰˣǿԵ̹ţǱҲһⲻֻһŶѣɣٵشģ֮ͨ˼ĹǲһŮˡŮһһ࣬Դغгϧӵ֪ɣӵɣҲͬʱҰģҰ࣬Ҳı硭


991 þ
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˵ֻ࣬ΪЩ˵òԼ֫ƽʱ˴ͬÿˡŮ˶˸ģ忴ǿ
ֵǣϵ·˵ĴŲͬǹŴ·ִ˴·ͷɫڣıʯǶ׺
ееڵ䣬һЩһǰ˾۳һţֵ࣬ضƺǴӹ˼䶼û
ƺûע⵽ǵĴڣ˵ͲԸۿһƵģЩͻȻİȫûκεĽ䱸档
Щǡ
үҲͷɨһۣһ߼ǰߣһ˵ʿΕN飬ν֮ɣʿɽν֮ɣʿɣν֮ʬɡ
⻰үʱһѵ˵ЩЩǴ˵еĵɣ
үһڣ˵ͷ׼ȷ˵ǲǵɵʵ壬ΪйʱνĵɾѾ೹ЩֻڹӰ֮еĻþǶηٹ󡢹ûʱڡ
˵ҲֳүС˵үʲô
үҪڣСȴӹ˻ӣɡԴڵŴ˵˵֮Уһǣţ󣬱ˣ߱ԣоޣеߵĸҺзҲﷴճɵҩѹסó½ɣԻɡǴ˵ɵһ֣˼䣬Ϊ֮룬֮šֹС֮ɼΨԳס˼Ҳ
С˵ү˵ͷЦ˵ȷʵ֮ȷʵᵽһʻ㣬ҵſ˵޿֮𻯷Ϊɣɲ칬˼䣬Ϊɣҵʦүŵꡢ޵õ֮塣ϰ˵ĵɣɲ۵֮мصˡ
ǡ
ǡĺᡭ


993 Źݵ

᣿
ү仰֮ȫסȻνĺ᣿
ȫ¶ɫү΢Ц˵бҪô𣿱ˣϹط˶˼кᣬΪβܣ
⻰˵һ£˵ЩĺᣬۺЩͬۺΪѪ˼䡢ػߣЩ᳤ȥĿľֻһֻǵĻš
ţԹĺ˵Ӧòʲô°ɣʡ
үȴҡҡͷȻڵŵĹż֮УڵһֵἰֻֻƬȴ漰ʦڵĵ伮пҲʦű嵱׿ἰһ֡
ү˵Ҳ˵ͷֽӻ˵û˽ʱҲͨʦűָ㣬ħҳΪ׹̽ҿʼصĹɽչͷβоͻƹɽɽʱ̣оһʯ̣ϸˡɡһ塭
üͷ̾˿ֽŰ˵˵ȷʵ˵֮սһսۣһսһʷʮսӴˮǰڿʼջɳ²֣ΪˮﱸĴϵһЩΪԼЧʵĿֻҪƷʱͳߵλĹǡ
һߴǰߣһԴԴ˵׹ڷֵĹɽʯϵѾ˽֮սǰĴ󲿷ʷʱȻ׻̫֮ƽһ˼ھþս֮ڽõ˼쵼߸ഫ˹˼ĴȨνġȨֻǹԼĹ߶ѣʵ֮ϵģȻЩ߸ϵħޡ
ǧأԹ˷ݷ˵ҲЦݾߵߵݣȴūԶΪūԣΪū֮ԣūԴӺζΪūԡ
ô˵ġ
࿪ʼҢΪ˴ۣ˴λʱɵĿѾͣ˴۵ĹĶ֮£丸ʼѰҷԿ񣬽ū֮нѳ
硱粮磬չɽʯ϶Ƕʧʷ֮սķߡ
˴֮ˮ֮ʱѾʼƷǵͳΣȻʽԣշǵûгɹǵħŭΪħŭ˴ʹɱس硱ǹˮʧܣʵʵл
ȻûгɹƷħȴⳡսͷ̳иλʼܡˮʹոʧܱɱǰָ֮֮δܳɹƷħԭڸؼԼҲֻż˼֮ˣȥЩ˵ޱǿħԿֱѻʯ
Ǵ뵽һµķȥЩ켣˼ħȥ˽ħ޵صѱٽ衰СϲЭˮΪħһЩħΪãȥͬıǣʹöԷʼԼһħ֮սħԿħʽڳɡ
ټϴָּƻڡˮĹаɳ²֣Ѱҵħƣټħ֮䱾ϣڣ󲿷ħԼı䣬ǳսƸߵ㡭
һ˵ȷʵǸϹ伫ɫҰļҺıңʩչ˺ܶɱĵļıӦ֮ȥɱİŮɣֽĻ䡢ҵӦõڹɽ֮ػߣò˵ͬʱҲǸΪɫߣһһõ̵棬Ϊӭյʤɡ
ʱѾֽ֮սֱ˰Ȼ׶ΣշħɱħеġߡʱħҲʶ˴ʱΣգǿʼѧŽ㲻㻥ò룬ѾǵʱΨһͻΧ֮ߡ
һжˣʱһҲټϴʼΪ˼䲻ϧסǡֹ٣ħʿ죬ֻѪɽΪǳս֮ʧߡ
ħ֮սǾʹ˾ͳ׽ˣȻꡢŮ֧Щʱħ쵼ȫڹɽսһЩΪսǽѵħ˼䣬ĴչһսʱħѾ򣬼ļʮսݣҲѾ졣
˵ʱᵽһ֡ɡ
˵ħ֮սʱ֮УеħʵΪϵϵѾ˽⣬һΪֱվһĹǣЭˮԿԼͬħӦϾȵȣһΪսеһᵽꡢŮ֧ԼͷϷȵħ
ɳħ֮⣬һħʵȨνġɡȨû̫Ǹϲһһ𡢻ǲԼɽˮ֮䰲ĵӣ˽ģҲǵģֻ밲ݵعԼȥűˣҲ˴š
֮սıһУʱħ֮УΪЧսģᱻһĨɱǲԸս֮УԸɱ¾ֻӱܡ
ħ޵òվ֮ͨΪȥȲֻܿʼȥģ¡İΪԼġūģӶ
ģǱ仯ࡰѪԵͬ͡ӵƵòϧһ΢Сϵ֮ǵǲɣδ⵽¾ѡڵ£ʼȥϰʪĵصף𽥽Լ
ǵɵԴҲǰЩ
Ȼ̾˵ϹɽɽΪ֮ЩΪ۾ɽĵ¶رֻϣܹԶսԶɱɽĵص½ԼͳУΪŹݡԳơŹݴ򡯣ϧһúƽ岢ûã֮սйɽһħҰܣԪ޻֮ϾΪסħԹɽѰҽľҵľͬʱҲѰҵ˵¡Źݡλãδº󻼣ʹɱɱŹйˣʹһжΪ˻þʵľŹѾˣʵĵҲˣǰģֻڹ֮еǻþǾŹݵеİ͡
ִǼǰߣ֪䣬ѾߵΪĹĴſڣǰһ̻Ի͵Ĵ̨һ࣬ȻΧŸ⽨ȫʣһֻڳԲݵ򡭡


994 ׷
߹ȥʱͼһֱһԭأﲻͣؾ׽ţɫĲ֭˳ǻ䣬˫ֱԲ۾һֱǵķƺעǵһһ
ûǿͻȻһȻԭأ֪롣
һΣֻͷ˿ǶԾһ£òֱ͸һģһ˸ͷҪСһ֮⣬ΨһЩͬ
ϵ򣿡
ԭ޶ԣͻȻʡ
ף죬ȴû˵һ仰
ʲô

һ˵ͻȻӿŲǰȥŵעȦһǿĹ־˵㣬ǳΪΡΪλ
ɲ˵ֻǳ㶵ضϾֳһ˿Цơ
ҸϽ˹ȥһŵ˵Ϊʲô㳤ôǡ
Ȧͨ죬ҲֱͬضȦеĹ򣬾ͻȻʼʡ
桭㣬ΪҲˡΪҲˡ
ǣֻǲסضȦеĹʣҸϽүСʵүʲô
֪үҲҡҡͷҵĿһͬͶҲͬã
ʲôѵûб֪𣿡
ΪϹޣػɽʥ֮һ
ʻû£ͻȻǹ棬һɳƵһʱȫס̧ͷͼǹĴţѾ쿪
˻ͼǿŷð֮Уһµİ׷ˣЦеؿŸʹ˳
˰׷ɷǣ̨ʱһֱ۶ЦȻܿǵΡ
ˣЩǻþѵ˵ĻþȻҲܸ
ʦǡ
Ҳֳʣ䱸ѲˣͻȻ˵Ҳ̫ȷʵһô򵥡ǵһνþ֮ʱҲ֮кܶǵģǵʱȴֻЦڻþ֮⣬ȷʵ

Ҿһʣͼ˵ͷɻû˵ȴͻȻڣŵ˵
ҡҲ
˵ʱҵĿⶼȵػ˹ȥȻʱȴԵĺ磬ֻą֣̊́̿׵İ׺˺ܿƵġ
ٳǰ׺һȴĴ顭
ô
ڹɽ
һһڣͼüͷ˵ǻǲǵã·ȥݣҺͺӡȥ˹ɽ̽Ѱ࡭
Ȼǵá
һ˵Ҳæ˵ͷ˲Ŀ
ǵõʱΪţǲѲŷ˿ͰһȥݵȻ·˻Ҳʱ򣬳±ʯѿ±ɾһδ˵Ե
ͺӣȴǺܾ֮ٶȸǻϵһģϵķʽҲȽر𡭡
ȥɽʱ507˺;ڹɽɽ½һӪΪƿ̽ʵΪɽеܣҺͺӽҶ˾507Ϯò׵ɽ֮Уȴûȷߣˡ
˵ֳ̧һָɫҲɵظѿ
֮飬˵Ҳˣǵǰ˵ʱǲŸոմ507׹̵һδϮ֮½ȴһŴˣʱڴӡ
Ҳ֪ģ˵ĵһʱͻȻʼ񣬲ҿյͻȻ԰Ϯ°׹ɽ£ɽƹضȥ507˷֣ųΪ507ķ²
ǵõʱǺһη񣬾ݺԼĻ䣬ʱûκǵģֻʣŭͲʣǿʼĿĵغҹеĻΪϹɽһ֧ʱİȻܲס
Ҳɹѵ˵Ǵη񣬺͹ɽϴˣʲô
뵽ʱѾŸЦе̨һʱҶ䱸С͵͵קסıʱ׼ӭս
ȴ飬ɨǼۣЦ˼˵ɽΪɽ֮ɽĴɽޣΪ֮ζһΪ󣬶Ϊ˶Ϊ֮࣬Ϊ֮ޡΪΪɽľ֮ػߣڽľ֮۰£ؽľ֮ƽģΪޡ
˵Żָ̧ȦֻĹɨһۣЦ˵Ϊ֮ޡ޸ְػɽ۽ľػɽ׾ŹݣΪֵܣΪɽѲɽޣػɽа
˭Ϊʲô֪Щ
˻˵꣬ҸϽʣ˭֪Էȴûһۣɨ˰һۣЦ˵ˡ
һڣŵһûȻش𣬾ͼ˾Ȼ磬׼ȷ˵ƺ米ɪɪĺ磬Цһ£鿪ڣҲˣǶˡ
ںʲô㵽˭Ϊʲô
ٶŭʣȴûлش𣬵Աקҿһ£ҵͷɨԼ̳ʹ˸ɫսս˵˵Ҽǲ֮ˡ
֮ˣ
һ£־ſ˵ûʱسŷ֣һֻǸӤңʱ׷ģĵá
⻰ʱҾõһͬ٣ͷȻʱɼһߡ
һʱҲŵò֪˵ʲôǺˣȴַЦ˵ȻˣʱҲˣվҪߵģҲվҪߣ˭޷ǰ𣿡
ι㵽˭
һʻĲңȻҲѾͷˡ
˵ŻǰиѾԽӡƺҪʱ𹥻ͻȻЦҡҡͷȴû˵
ǵһνþ֮ʱΪָԽȻҸ㵽ʲôݣ㾹Ȼƾʧˡڹɽ㣬ǿŴ´ˣҳڴڹɽȴֻһΣֻһڵĵص㣬㶼һֱ׽Բһȥģ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣʲôˡ
ͻȻһ̧֣һָ˰һ㶣ַֻЦ˵˶Ѵ󳹴Ψǲǵ̫̫ˡ㻹Ҫ˯ãٲѣ´ͷ㶼ˡ
㣬⻰ʲô˼
̿ʼ׷ʣʱ˾ȻתЦЦ˵㣬ǿ


995 
㱾࣬Ϊ֮ޣֺαǿͷִ޵֮Уⲻóܵġ㲢죬վͬ磬ͬɽУˣҶЩʹˡ
˻˵ͻȻһŵʣ㡭㶼֪ʲô
˵ľʧɫôŵӣƺҵһμ
ʲô֪ѵΪϽǸȫ֪䲻ȫ֪ȫܣسȴҲǧ׺ɣãҲ볾ȴۣҲ޿κΡ°ɣ¶µԣ¶ԳĵǸΣնУҲǧ䣬ĳޡ
ס죡
ͻȻһŭ𣬲ߵۿͨ졪
֪ƨƱƱƵģǶ㣡ҲԳƳɽɽֻҺҸֵܾסɽܶػľľɽŵ¾ŹػŹݶĳûκڣ㵽ʲôΪεͿʼʱʱɽϵһΣΪʲôþ֮Ҳ㣿
Ҫþþٲң۷ƱǨ꣬Ӳ볾һһԵˡΪֱſ֮ǰҶǰ֣ԹԹκˣȴҡ
ں˵˵ʲô㵽˭˭
˭ȥʣ
˵ˣ˵ͻȻءһըɢȻƾջûΪ˼ɢУǳ̵ɢдһ󼤵ؿЦ
ԽƮؿЦУԽŭʼسſŭ𡪡
ͷһ㵽ʲôˣ㵽ʲôˣΪʲô֪Һͳ£Ϊʲô֪Һ£Ϊʲôֻᡭ
˵һ룬ͻȻסͻȻŭػͷ˰һۣ⵽ô£ͷǸʲô˵˵
ңҲ֪
ҡͷʱҲı󼱴Ҵ˵ȷʵûƭ㣬ڹɽǾͼһΣɸûü˵ҾͣҾͻȻ˷ƵĿʼҹҼǵ˾ֻǿЦҲ֪Цʲôûи˵һ仰
˵ģĲ֪ʲôˣ
ͺһٽͣٿƽ˲١
ٷ׷ʣüͷ˵ͺӲƭˣҲ֪ȻǶ˵֪ѱǸոֵͷںƭˣôûû˵׷ʣȸҺúýͽͣô£
˵ָ̧ȦմһԲݵĳĬˡ
ᾹȻˢһʹۿл˳
ʵҡҡ
ʲʲô˼˵⻰Ҷס
˵ҵӣңӹ񣬴ʼգﵽ⣬ҡ˶ҲǸðĵСѣǣǿЦ
˵⻰ʲô˼
ƺסˣõ
ֲǸǶʲôޣлֱ˵
ҲãЩȷʵһֱǣϾѽǵԼǧõˡ
̾˿Ȼʼ̧ǰߣߵȦǰʱ̧ӾͳȦĳ˹ȥ
ʱͻȻֻꡱһӵм϶ȻһΪһֻϸ֣˳
ȫõһһֻ˵֣״Ӧ˵֣ȴޱȵϸۣŮ˵ֻҪӵĺÿ
ûǷӦǴ֡Լ޳Ѿʼų˹ȥǳȴȫûзһ㣬ɵ㶵ĳԲݡ
ͻȻһץѾ˳ϣָϵİëԼ嶼ʼŵˮһ㣬ζϾֻһѡ
ǻþһΪָˡֵܺ㣬ֵܡԲס㡭
˵ȻһƵվһꡱһҲмͻȻѿһֻϸ۵ƴһΣֺȫֻϸ֣Լ
ںıӰȵòˣҲ֪ʲôɾʱһ˺ѵ촫˫֡˺Լš塱ġƤ

ٶȾһȫ˵ˣͼǣֱų˵Ȼǻþһ˿дöðúÿң

֮УͼСͰ˿ʼǰߣƺһݣ˭֪ʱȴͷص˵λ֪ϵ̫࣬һ֪ǡЩûǲҪ֪ΪãҿԸҺͳ׷ʲôǣȲҪһҵݣʱһңԻ
˵⻰ʱòƽʱֱ͸ȫ˸ƵģŴҶͣסŲǰߵĹѾֽеƤ˻ȥ֮ͻȻһͷһЦȫ˿Ƥ˺ĺۼ
ոͷҲ˵ˣгʵ壬ġ
̧һָ֮мðֻ־Ȼֽ˻ȥһ˫ٶϣ͸ȫûѿƵġ
ֻһЦ˵ˣӦú˽ˣ˼ǧ꣬˼ǧ꣬ӱ˼ǧ꣬Ϊ̫Ĵ¡ų޷İ֮ˣԼֵѣұԼȺҡزݡ
Ȼ֮սʱЩЩȷʵѾ֪ˡ
˵Ҳ֮սħһ쵼֮һλŮȼ磬ɽһ֧ҪȻɽһսħΧƻԮȴٳδִܳȣյꡢŮԼһħսɽ֧ɽȴǣԴ˱һ
ɽѣҼʧȥеѣЩ˽ħǵʬ嵶ֽ⿪ͶзӡħԹ첻ɢϾΪħԹ˼䣬ɽѰؽľסԹ
ԴԴ˵ʱѾ档
ؼȲܣΪ֮ľɽΪ֮˸ɽɾػλԭ֪ңܸƭ˵Ѩλã½ľᣬɽߡɽһս֮󣬴̳˴֮λӭΥĺƽΨħɽ˼䣬ǶЩΪܻչĲɱϧһħûûҹҲҪħնɱԱΪ໻õĺƽܵħѹͳΣɽŹݣǲɱص֮һ


996 
ŹΪɽɵɸ죬ɽľɢѹγɣʲôɵľס֮أֻгһֻػ޸𣬾ңڸҺ͸ػɽе֮սҪħϾɱֵңս´Ѷ֮ʼԼµħҪЩսֻƽħ޶Ź
̾˿ɨȦλˮ΢΢ζĳӰֽ˵˵ûŹݵɱΪħһЩȰƽħͨͨ鷱ֳ֮ˣǰúƽΪ˵õƽϧԼ߸ϵݡԼǴ󲿷ڳ޺Ϳ־壬ȴǲԸŹǣǣһǲĲ֮ҵħǱնɱ̿Щϲúƽħȫ¾ǽһֵɲɽŹ֮УŹݵԴ˵ǿϧȴӵ֣ǵҶ𡭡
Ĭƽ֮󣬲Ĩһᣬֽ˵Ϊҵһʱ½ľضѨλñƴػľձǧҼڽľ֮һǵǰһŭ˵ɱǧͽҰƤ
˵ʱ岻һ£·ϮͷʱҲͬ޾ľſ־ĵ׹
Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ɽֻڣ֮⼸ûбˡ
֮ңҲ˵ÿἰ֣ҵﶼڵѪС֪һʲôоһʲôоұˣԼеĺֵܡ
ɨ˳һֽۣ˵Ҳֹǳ˾гԸ̫Σϧɽ֪ܶй¶ȻȴЩתΪң˾ĲҲˡ
˵ʱȻطһ㵭İ׹⣬׹Խǿң𽥽С
ǡ
ҴʧɫۿûıӰʧڹâ֮ڣдһɵǰȴһһѰҸקס
ȥ㿴Χ
һѣҸϽΧɨ˹ȥ˲ʧɫ
ͼǰ׹ţ˷Ŀܼľ󣬶ڸǰ׹ųƵҡһ̨ϾɵĵӻյһĪŲĸšĻʼģһ㡭
Щ֮УݡȺľɽֵҡƵʸԽԽǿңܿѾģòӡ
ΪΪʲô
һͼҲڽ䱸ػܵƺΪĲ´йķ˵Ǽ䣬ĳϵ
ϵ˼ǡ
һŸոʳڣȴΧͻȻŤǰһж޵ŤһƬڰ֮С

ɱǧͽҰƤ
ͻȻ䣬һǴϿմҲߵ𽥻ָҸϽŵ̧ͷǰѾû˴ׯûǱȦĹֻһ߲ϼ⻷֮µĲһƤͭ׵ľ׳ˣƴŭǿþͲոǴ
ɱǧͽɱǧͽ
һͻȻһſεض𡢰Źϵ֦Ҷɳɳ죬̧ͷ߿գǲ֮ϣһԾ޴ѾȻ䳤˿
״ƺһֻϵľӥôӥǼֱδδţһʱ侪ôȫһϸһͼǾӥһԳõǹìǶʮ˵ľ׮ľ׮̴Ǿӥ˫ظѪ˳忪ʼʣֱѪɫСϪһ㣬ſ趯Ǿ޴Ĺϡ
⡭ѵļ䣿
һ𾪵ҲһԵ˵ͷӦòڱʹ֮дĵ׹ļ䣬͵Ļþ˹
һ˵⻰һЩףֽ˵ʵνԭԴͬʱյѣΪΪ֮죬ϹЩǵļ˼Īϵŵ󷨻дϹļ䣬ļȻҲѾֲ֮С
˵꣬һȻ򣬿Ӧˡ
ʱͻȻͼ֮ϵľӥĴʹӲĹϸ£ͬһʱֻһǱ
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ǺǸϽͷһһ۾һźŵĺת˲֮ͻһΣԼЩߵȻһֻս׵ľӣȥޱ޼ʣϸһƣ˵Ҳиǧ֮࡭
֧ǰͷ֮ˣʱ˿һֻ޴Ĺͷϣ׼ȷ˵ǹֻǸѡ
ǹﱳ˫һһףͷŰΣƵƵǹףȻǾ޴Сɽһϵġ
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Ӧͷˣͭףಲһõ£Ͽҡڣʱ˿˫ŭǴӿ˺۵ľӥ
˫֮УֳֳֽһսͻȻ߸߾˫Ȼһŭ𡪡
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׳ŭǧսʿʱһ񡭡
ڿ컷ƣҾõһ˵ѵǴ


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ħˣֵģɾǰûʲôµģսսս
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Ŵһߺȣǰ׳ʿˢˢӱȡ£ϼ׼ľ
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Щȴǲʾ׷һԾʼȿֺسǰȥҶԾǴ׳˫չһ͵ص硣
Ƭ֮˫Ѿ˺ۣȻվվסˣ֧Եڵأһ£ЩȺΧ׳һøˡ
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Ǵ磬ҲǴǣΪʲôҪôǡ
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Ѫܵӥͷ֮ϣŭ¾ޣһŭ𣺡Ǹ˼룬ǸˣҲǸ֣ǡˡ֣Ҫֱͦ壬ܳ٣ȴûиϣǴĿģȴֻΪǵūʳˣϷɳ桢Ұޡ
˵ŻͻȻǰѪܵս˫ָ߸߾𳤽ŸոսھӥͷϿ˿дȥ
ѵ죬ӻǾӦøжµǵū׸裿
͡һǽ߰˳ɶû˾ͷ֮УѪٶȵĨȥϵѪɫŭ֪ҵҲΪԼǧҲᱻǷıҾ£ֻҪһڣҲҪЩһҲáҲգսܱʬΣΪǴУˡҪƣҪҵĺֱͦ壬̧ͷͷ졢̤أˣֺη
ŭУһȺսʿƴؿʼǾʼʱƴܿͱޱ޼ʵءȺɡûȫû˶
ȥͼЩеıзնɱھϡϡͷϺͳϣѪ𣬽ǰܼһжȾѪѪġ

Ѫܿ콫𾪵ȫûУһƬɺ츲ǵߡ
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Ҫɱˡ㲻Ҫɱˡˡ
ѪɢǾȻѲǾĹŶ֮УûڵѪȻǿֻźѪȴûȴͷһϵѾѪûѪ˵ʬʳһƬ۳ɺӣǵĽűš
ڵЩ˵ʬ壬ֹɰǧ


998 ŹݵĻ
ԶһǳƺЩϤ֮ǰ·ǴׯĻþþһתȻֽǴׯ֮Уׯȴû֮ǰʱĨ͡ڡ
ЩʬŮˣҪ˲٣ֳųƤȻŹݶеĵɣǾųɶѾΪˣһһȼյķ֮䵽ӴţһȺ׳սʿֳָɫ׷ɱ
ϣЩʬΧصѪˮ֮УҲɫɫϸһ
죡סŮˣסŮˣ
ǰͼһ޳ŮһƤ֮еӤŵǰţʮ׳ֳָɫ׷
һ׳ŭǰһȼյķ֮У׳ѾֳѪܵս˳ۿŮ˾Ҫӷǰһ̴̨ͨһ˫Ÿһأ˫߬ս͵һ¾Ůϸȡ
͡
һ˲ѪɽѪɽģŮ㿪İȡ
Ů˵ʧȥƽ⣬ͨһˤڵأ§ڻĺҲ˦˳ȥ
ǺӾͬͨӤһƺջУһƤﱻˤ̿ʼ޺ڵǱǰ
ӣӡӰӡ
ŮѾˣһ̯ѪʼغУǺӸϿ뿪ôСĺӵȥûȵǰмһѷսѾӭǺӵĺ󲱾ӿնꡱһսصҲŮ˲䣬һԲѪܵĶʼڵҹǺѾˡ
һ棬⡱һֶѾ߶߬ÿֱ죬һԵС㣬Ѿھۣ֮Ѫִܳܵ˵ģ˵һŮˡ
˵Щħ֮ǲҲһģһ
һЦ׷ѾȱһȵŮΧм䣬ŮſڵϣѾܣֱǰԶ̯Ѫ۵ؾƺѾȫûͷѾľþϴľʹ
ʱһ׳ĹǵаһЦ˵ȥԲͺˣЩħѣֻҪ㲻ͺã
ӣӣȥһԣͷٸζΣ
׳˵һ߬סŮһȵĽ󣬾ͬקһקԱߵߣ˸Цøӿˡ
ŮûΪЩѾϣֻǱ׳ųݻϻһѪ
ʱһڰ֮ͻȻתŷɳһսȴˡһϮ׳Դûȱ׳ѣһʱءһսϮŮ˵׳ԴԵڵأе׳ȫ񡭡
ǻŵѭսķȥͼڰ֮Ӱһǰһǰξ׳ںݣǴ͸
һһȺ׳̶ŵذݵڵأͷ̧ˣٿȴδһۣߵȻ̱ڵʧʹ޵ŮǰͻȻϥأŮ޳ҵ㷢΢΢һЦİɣҲܿѡ
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Ⱥ쵰Һúõţǿɲʲôħǵʼ棬ǵ
վȺڵϲס׳һŭ⡪
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ҪɱǣǼ̤ϣΥߣһЩħһʧҹ
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ۿȺƨŭƺûϨʱһԳ˵Ϊ˱ͬ壬㲢սȷѡħʳѾ̫ˣӦȡԼӮõɺϣЩƷȨħѶɥɽбҪ˸Ͼɱ𣿡
ָ̧ŲԶһѪȻ棬ֳһĨǴδͱˡ
㿴ⲻЩúƽ޴ˣǲϲսΪ˱սҪ֮У㲻ɱǣҲʵʵĻĵصףᷴ
ϵһжõġ
ͷɨ˸һۣЦЦ˵սḯ࣬ɽʯΪԵıǨΪɻҳûʲôǲģΨһģǳޡ
⻰Ĭˡ
ȴЦ˵㿴ЩħĿ־塢Щ߸ϵħһ㣿ȻȴƷǵĴȨġ԰˵ĶԣҲǰЩħҾԵķӣⲻյĶѨ˴˲ǣȻأǵĺ֮վһЩҺҸһķȥȥƷͳΡҲ뿴ľ棬ɼ縺еҲԸǵǰЩħһ㣬ǱӴܣⲶɱ衭
ǡأ
⻰ڣͻȻһ£ȻȴֱضŴ˫ۣ


999 ͽ
ЩԼȫ첻вħᶼŹЩأӦϾҡ粮гɰǧ㡢㣬Ϊ˰ɱͬħأָδǣ
˫ͻȻ˸һ㺮⣬ֱǰĴĿԣܡ
Χ˻ҽУ˳Ĭһ֮󣬴ͻȻһЦּ̧ĸļЦ˵ģаţΪǸ̫࣬ǣ
վ⣬𣿡
׷ʣһ£ֽ˵ԸվһΪ㣬Ϊ˰ΪūԴվΪˣ´ѶЩúƽϧᡢϧԼħħǶԸŹЩǿħ񲻾ͳĸ󻼣ͲͻȻվԼǿǧ򱶵ͼ
ֵܣ𣿡
ʻѾἰҺҲֵ𣿡
˵ͻȻֳ̧Զһָ̽ΪһķݣǷݵĽͼһ׹Ķһţɪɪ
ĲڽʧʹޣиϷ
Բ𡭡ΪҡԲ𡭡סְɡǲҪɱ޹ˡ
һ˳ȻˣǸһ·սǻǸˡͬ
ҲõֵܣΪԼĿģΪ˰ǽƽȵᣬȴֵʻ㣬УѾֵһǮ
㲻ҪĸΪ²֮ƣ˻м㣬ġ
İȴһЦ˵м̣ЩǺ£ҲɣѾЩѧ˳˵ǿ仰˵ѡ֮ˣ֮ǰЩһ㣬ЭħˣȴվƷԼˣ´ѶľҲѳɹסȺħɢħҲ˵ʣ޼ˣ˵ЩЭħѾȫ;㡭òҲЩħһԸǰɣ
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ЦҲֻħ޲ͬһ࣬
ȻΪֻμ¹֮սΪɱ죿ɲǼ򵥵o
⻰ȴֻһЦѣǵĽֵܰǣЩǳ£ֺαض˵ǻ˵˵ôɡ
Ӧô죿ʡ
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һڣͻȻһŵᡱһվŭӸͬʱۺһŭ𣺡ҲŹαӣһȴˣҴ۵㡭
ΪֲңҪֻܹѡӪ̫űˡ
˵ͻȻ̧ĿһģȻֱĿһɫĹâſһѱŵĳˮ
Ϊ룬ɱԾ󻼡
˵ŻһǰȥŵˣɵһЦѽѾ·һѵ㻹ֳԭƴһսһ
սһΣǱǿ׳ֺʱܱǣѽ㲻ú֮ء
һʱ֮ʲô˼أͳˣѽ
Ц˵ʵԭɱ㣬Թ˳ӣ󽫵ֻԼѶϣȻ仯ΪģͼħȻ֣㣿
˵䣬̧һΣıˮ˦һɫĽ⣬ˡһͳն˹ȥ
ʱͼǽʵʵնϣءһһź̴ǱһնΪƤſһƤѾڵء
Ǳҡ
ͻȻ䣬ͼǺ֮лûһߴΣģģȻģȴܿ˫֮д͸ݵ׹⡭
Ȼǲ·Ȼǽ벻֮أҸƴˡ
һŭͻȻͼһӰǹĺ֮г׺Ƽֱͬǡ˷衱ĺ磬ȴǿ׳ٶȺĲûǿءһûĺɢһצ͵ץ˸ȴһ
죬
ǺӰû䣬ּһźըɢŸбˮŵأʱ佫˵Ӱȫ
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ȻǺںȴֻһζٶȻعոŵһжѸı䣬ûѪҲʧЩĹᡢЩɱ¾׳ʿҲʧΨӣڵʧʹš
֪Ѿļ֮˳һҸϽ˹ȥΧסĵʣû°ɣ
ȴֻǳʣӺݺݵڵϣĬ֮ڽת̧ͷ涵ǡ


1000 
ƽһ֮󣬲˵Ƕ˰ɣҾǸͽһֱѣһֱƭǸɵӣ쵰ȱۡ
ô˵ֻǱʹ˶ѡСϽĵذο
ʱͼĨһ˵Ҫ˸ǼˣҲᵼ¾ƴػľɱ֪Щ쵰˽ľ֮󻹲ģȻַ˲ɽµľŹݶ죬ػŹеĵǣˣΪóģֻϣĹȴû뵽ӲȴңΪ˾ҶԼվ˳ûӹһ
ԡ޶գǰҲһ㣿ʡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ûУһݺһ٣Ҳл١
Ц˵ֻڶػľľҪֲ٣Ҽǵʱɽϳ߶ĳͻȻͻȻʧİ֮⣬ֻҺ͸磬类ӡɽоֻʣһˣŮɽѧյǶ֮⣬ҼįüֱͬҪһÿɽͷɵ㶵طԼԼ˵ҼįԳῪСӸػľŹ֮͵͵ɽҰҷܣʱǿޱȡ
ԴԴϹʱɽϵһĻĻǵؾ󣬷·ͳǵǰһ
˵ɽ޳˸˾ְ֮⣬иԸޱʶֻڸʹͬԺ¶棬ǸػɽŶеľӲ̤һ
Ը˳ݣܵȴ֣˳ŸһˣͷȴһٱߣȻֻܶ㵽һһ˿ޡ
ʵļįֲɽ͵͵ǹŶ֮УȥҾƣκҲǸŰ֮ˣÿα÷ˣһͰȳˡ
Źݶλɽɽ£ҪɽȥҳҲ޷ɽһֻգǳԸżͻ͵͵ŹݡɽҰֵˣǸͶϵõþ͸ֵƵġ
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ǣɽɽ佨ľĹŶ䷢ֵģȷʵ׿й¶˸ɽɽµľŹԭ쳣ܣǳɽˣҲᱻ䷢֣ʵ֪ǾŹݵľλڡ
ϾɽǿŶɱϾʩ˽ľɽʱΪ󻼣Ϊв˲ھŹеĳŹݶλű¶
վŹݱƣвǧⲻ⣬ΪﻯΪģҪߣȴԸǲ֮ˣֻͷ­ˮ
ʱųͷʹͷ­ȴֳֻһĨǳЦֻ˵һ仰
˵ֻʣһΪأҲҪúõĻȥĪ֮ġҿҼסΪҶ
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˵꣬СͻȻ˵Ļ˵ģ㱾ӣǡҼǵ֮ǰʱҲһֻƵİɽ򣿡
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ش˵ħԷʮҺ͸ΪؼΪǬԪħǬԪʱ︮ĻַʽģһΪΪϹŹo֮︮ϹħԻΪħһࣻΪǵ˵ħֵͬͬΪؾתԭ࣬ȴʵ壬︮Ĵ֮һҶΪĸΪˣΪҶ֮ΪϹġǵħΪѩȣ˵ħ಻࣬ƵĻ»ꡢħʣһΪҺ͸Ĺޡħ롮ǵͬΪؾתת֮ǰ࣬ת֮ͬûʵ壬ֻѿϹŻ硢ħΪħ
˵ɨһۣҶƶǶ˵ʵҺ͸ԭģֻ򵱳ֵܺͳãҸ糣ҪɽȻָԽΪģ³òΪһֻɽ֮ҳԳòӡҸһһֱҵϣҲоܵͬȾҸٴγʱɽĿɡ
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̾˿̧ۼ΢΢üĲɣƺ¶Ϯͷ

Ϲ׻ƶ۲һֱﻥͬһߣʵҲò룬ìܡ
Ѿ֪¹֮սǰ׻ƶ¸ԱͽƵĴ󽫣ŮɡӦ׵Ĵ󽫣ףڡâӢա
˫Ĵǰ¹֮սĸԹġ
ʵ¸һԱͽΪ¹֮սûйԵʣ˶ûС
ƵһǺ䣬ΪƵµͷͽȴ¹֮սսǰھͲȰʮһֵ֣֮Ϊ˻Ƶ۵һö
׵һҲôһˣ졣
ǣһֱ׵һ֮֮ϵĽ٣սܵУ׵Ĺ
Ƶǿ֮ǰΪ׵һ£ŻƵ׵ȴżϷӲд弯Ҫȡԭ׵۹ľ֧ȲѾǿĻƵˣͬԿļţжĴСƾǺ¹֮սдܵľ壬ͳ˧֮˾ȡ
˵ʱ׻ȻˣʵƵһֱѹ׵һͷ׵ཫٶյ߷߲ƽȴ޼ƿʩ
ʱΪ׵´󽫣ܲһʽ¹֮սǰھͷȻȥŵ¹֮սδս޷Ĵͽ֮С
ʱն뿪׵۾е죬˼ʵȴȥأΪֻȥԼεһֵ߿࡭
ֵܣҲ


1001 ֮
ֵܣ϶ʵ̫֣ȴͱˣܲˣ
ɽϣһԼ̬ȣһôֿɼɽʯһ߷߷߲ƽŭ֮ΪҪŶ϶ãܲˣͬ⣬ҲԲŹϣ
ȰҪ嶯ϾԼΪƵ֮ŮŮɵҵʦ˵Ҳδ̹Էʲô죬վʦͽһĺֵܣܿ˫ɱأ
ճע⣬׷ɽطս
ʱ¹һսѾеȻ׶Σ˫ħ󣬴ذ
ȵŮɵİΣԼĺֵղסƢǳžɽҲ¹֮սвһš
¹һսȴܣʤΪ׻ƵһȴֺսԼ£ڣҲͲסʢŭ֮´½ʿ׵ӪҪոս¹֮սҲѾԪ˵ĻƵ۾һϸ¡
ưԣҪɱƵҲֻΪ˰׵۽⼬ֵĵˣȴ̫ˡ
˵ʱ׻Ʋ֣׵ԻƵ֮һֱһ¹֮սնɱȺʿĻƵ۾һϸ£ʱ췴ӪƵۿսѩϼ˪͸˻Ƶһ׵۵Ľڡ
Ϊ˹ȫ֣䵽ͬʵ۾һ³ӡ
׵Ƶ۹ͨΪͽҪƵ۾ּл졣
첻У벻ԼЧһӣԼһҪֵӣתͷһԸԼ
սУֳͭܣָ߾սɱУȻͣȴҲ׻ǧĶ֣ۿԼֵһսɽ촦ʹ࣬ǲɡ
ɽһսȫûƵ۳ֱˮһսԽд󸫣첻һͷ­ն䡣
ͷ­˳ųɽɽţն׵ɲԸΪۡΪսջĽȴǱƵҽսʬ屻ֱ볣ɽ׵һ죬Դ
˵ʵʱҲڳΪŵùңٱ֮ǰҽڳɽʦսƵ֮£ңȴйڸ
¹֮սʱڸҲڣ
һʣ̵˵ͷ˵Ȼˣ䲻Ǵʹ֮һڵʱҲЭ̫껡ʹ֮һһֱ˼䣬ҾɽϣҺͰֵֵܳܵģǸûɹˣҪȻĻôԼ֪ôܶй¶û뵽ǻ쵰һδεĳңɽΧʱҶ֪Ȼйܣ
Ĩһᣬ˵ֵ֪ѣɽȥȣ¹֮սҾȲɣ˳ɽһսҸҪԼĺֵ죡ҡҸûǸֵͬ׼ȴ˽ǿаɽȥ뻤ȫұɽ£֮ͷ漴ɽϹ䣬ͼǧ׷ŭͷҪͷȥ׻칦ͣұ뽫ͷ­ߣپûõֵܵһ⣬첿Ϊҵİȫ룬ȴ׼ôΪҽͷ­ߣǧض׷ɱҵĺǣŹҡֻܰԼֵܵƤʱҸֵܵͷ­ģҵĺֵܣһΪ㱨Ѫ𡭡
˵ʱͻȻһЦҡҡͷ˵ûãͷ֤ȴǱûⱲӣ̫ɱˣտģʵԼ˸϶ûУұˣˣûϵһֱ˶ǣѾԭԼʲôӵģңֻǸӰӡ
˵ЩʱѾȱһûôܹ
Ǻ밲οһʱ֮ȴֲ֪οڣǴֻĬĬΧɫߡ
ֱͻȻͨһڵϣǲڷӦ롰Ļþ֮УǸϽߴǳȥôȳⲻʳǾĻþʲôá
ǰһָԭǰԶֺĹĴţȻþһ˵ĳڣǸϽԽԷ򹬵ţſĹ֮ȥͬʵһ㣬ıڽǧٹֵͼͼ
ȻǸǴһǰĹڵͻֺ뾰ȴѾȻ޴棬һէ֮ûǵ߷Ӧһǹ˲УһӵؽкΧĴ
̧ۣͷһǾȻһڵĿտǷܴ󣬾һʵҡ
ԣһʵң֣Ѿ׹̵ֻ֮УҵͷһͼɰڳһֵͼӦþһϹ󷨵ĳ͡
ûǶͻȻԽԽžءһһȺ׹̽۵Ѿֳɫɫķǳ˹ܿͰΧм䡣
һ׹̵ΧסǸϽʱӦս׼Ȼʱͼʹ˸ɫǰһȺ׹̽ڵĴͷ˺׹̽£
ٺ٣׹ﻹʲô
ǴͷͻȻһЦһЦһûȷӦȴǽЦ˵Լ׹̶ѾʮϽӹܣ㱳׹ģھȻ︮ԸǣʶĸϿ־ܣ
ȻѾħعȻ⽫ʮѬ֮£̬ҲѾ˸ı䡣
һԼĲ˵ֻ˫֮жʱ׹һЦһ˵־ܣ˵һ飿


1002 Υֵ
˵ʮܰô
ǴͷĽȻûʲôԾĵطһľʱΧһȺڷʩֵҺͽҡ
û£仰ȴѾΪһҽС
Ҳѹ֣ƳȺһֱҪġСӡ֮⣬ûм˸Ҹô˵ô
ͼѾ͵͵־΢΢һ̧һݵĵѾ˳ָͳǽ˳ȥءһըǽڵԴûΧڷǵѾͷ˵Դըʱֳͬһɫĵһ㳯Χ˾˹ȥ
ת˲֮˵أһǵȻҲûЩ׹̽ڻûüӦҸʩ죬գۼĹһȺ׹̽ھѾڵϲҽˡ
ʱͼһ߬סһڵ½󣬶ݺݵʵ㣬Σ
һһ
ǽսսػش˵أ֮ǰϮǵƴֿ½˴ˣűȫ˷ֻصİȫ
һ⻰΢΢һüͷһЦʣ˼ǣǻУܱ֪жپӣƾҲֵܵסˣ㻹ƭң㣡
ͼ˵ʱֽһ߬һݵĵ̽Լ˳ǽڵƤʹȫ£۵鴤ҽУϽ˵˵˵ʮѾ;Э飬ԾŴӦʱˡ
ʮѾһûֻصĸҲڵѵ˵ûиˣ
Слеġ
ǽսսػش˵䣬ȻûŶ룬ǾʮϵЭڻѾ˾߲ߵУʮǰһ׹ֻ̰ڵлȫԱҪӾİš
ά˹
⻰üͷøˣѯһҵļǷȫȷǻ֮Ŵ׹̽ڣֱӽüͷ˵ˣʮ϶˲ɣȻȥά˹ǸҶᱻת
С⻰һȰϰ֣ȻҲǱõģϾӦò֪ά˹ʵݣΪ˳︮ѾɱָۣǲͣȲʱ;ġ
Ӧ׹̵ʵȨеĻǿɾˡ
̾˿˵֪ܱ߼׹̻صԱڸϹԮôļᣬڵɽ֮ǵһΣֱһ֧һǵĴɾΣˡ
ϰģǻأ
С΢΢һЦԼĸ齹ǣϽο˵ѾĴϵɲˣֻضڵ׹̣ػ˾£Ҳ˵леƣ︮ħϵĸϵǵĻǺܿɹ۵ġ
С˵˵ͷɨһ˵ãȲЩǿȥˡ
˵ŻϽʵҵſڳ壬ɻûǳſȥأͻȻһһһ׳ߴӰѾ͵һüײʵҵţֱײ˽
Сģ
ϽסǣһӭԼ˹һŶȥһžӭסײš
˭֪ʱǿ׳ĺӰȴûź˳һո첲ŵһȭϮ硣
ˣǻþֱ֮յپԭûȷӦ͵ȭѾؿڣءһһѪֱֱõɳʮԶڡͨһ˵ء
ϰ֣
ԼĸˣСϽܹȥȻˣȴ˲侪סˡ
̧ͷǰС׶ߣǼ⣬ȥȺ仹Ҫ׳ϵһȦƤ罻һ˫Ƥ֮⣬¼һ˿ûңЬûд˫ţڵĳ㣬ٵôʮŵЬ
Ⲣ˳Ծġ
˶ŵôľǡ
ҡҵѽǹΪʲôûСûͷ
ŵһɨϣŵĿ࣬г֮⣬Ȼмϲá
ǸˣͺͺģûԴ
ûԴôܻж
ѵ
ɡѵǡ
ˡһҲһӾͷӦ˹ûȰѻ˵꣬ѡꡱһ˲һţͳͷľ˿˹ȥһǰһ߾㣬죡ϵ壬ֵܶԲԣ
Խ˵ԽѾʼˣͻȻһҪͷ˵ĻˣƺҪΥǧֵܣһӵ
ȻʱͼͷͻȻ͵һ̧֣ûӦһסҵĲӡ
ͻһʱԼûӦٿͷ˵ؼ֮ϣ͵ſ϶ȻǡȻһ˫ŭɶءѪѪ۾
ͬһʱ䣬ͼͷ˵ĶͻȻֳֿһĻߣ͡һֻһѵĳӼֱһһ㿪ʼֿ˿裬ϸһ˿ڼֱһѪƵģ˿±Եһ
졭Ϊʲô
ҳ׾ס
Ļ˵ԼϹ׹żļأӦ˲ŶԣӦڳɽϱƵʬ˲Ŷԣڡ


1003 ħ
ֵܡҡ
סȻٿ죬ֻȴһǯƵģһֱĺſϸһָѾǶƤë֮Уʵ˴һ
ΪϹޣƤëȻεȴǹ룬һķҪʵ٣û뵽Ȼ־Ϳ˽ȥǺεȾȻ
ʱͻȻͼѪźϣһĵȳȻ
ͽҡԼֵܡ
һ⻰ʱһѾѾ
죬Ҳԣй¶ǵλãôһֱ֣졭ҶԲ㡭ҶԲ㡭
ʣƺȴȫû˵ѪͻȻִһͳɳƵ
㾹ȻҵҪɱ㡭Ҫǡ
˵ͼѽһֻ̧ͬסӲλƤëƣֱҪ˫˺һ㣬ȴֻʣȻȫ
ʱѾ֮ת˹һΣգʲô졢̵صģֵǸûȻкͬһʱͳ˹ȥ
ˣһǸٻ
һŭһǰ壬ͺ˵ٶȴҿһء
Ǻ磬ͼצŵͬҰޣǰʱֱþһӰƵģٶëʼ˫еɫĹҲͬʱ֣һֻҪʳҰһ㡭
ƺûע⵽Ƶģۿ˫־ͿʼһһֱӳϼƤëֳѪۣʱҲѾһԾ˵ֱϡ
ֻǶݺһҧһ첲ֽ֫˫һ̸ƺҪס֣˺ѡ
ûҲѾ˳ȥżһԾһʮȺշͷܹȥͬʱ˫ƽӡĶͷ͵һһ˲ءһӰһŽɫѾʵʵĶͷ
ըں¸ǲɵַſҳȥʱɿҪϣҸϽקһӣһƳȥƼ֮˲䷢ҲͬʱʼˣѾصİһתѾ岽ĵط׼ӭˡ
˵ǰһΰûнӡǽ̧˫ҧԼƣðѪ˲Ⱦ˰˫ģȻҪˣϾԷ죬ϹħǸСһо͸ʩչˡС
ΪʦżһˣѪǽħһħԶֻ֣ҪѪԽЩħԭˣ˫Ѫǿ֪
ʱѪܵ˫ֿʼɿؽӡӡһɣը˵ҲѾ˵˰ǰ־һ˫Ƴĺϴıʱɫ׻һ˳Űһοɲǵ׻ͬʱĻż߱Ľħ֮Ѫ
˲Ϣ֮ɫĵͽΧס쿪ʼ鴤ҽУᣬĿע˫ۣѪܵĺдһ䣬˫ֺݺıһģε֮ܳ󣬱˫һŭ𡪡ơ
ֳڣֻءһһѪֱıը˻һʱѪ裬÷Һͺ綼ɵ˼ʵһƬǽ塭
ըһһشıϴըñŵҽУһըըú̹һΣͨһ͵˵ϣǴҲһ
ҲһңŸոյص죬Ȼ˫۳ס˵棬һƣֱ㶵վ
һСƼסӰʦһѪҺԵУ쾹Ȼ
һţʱͼ컺תǰһ˫ŭ׺ݵ˫۵ڱİҳûһѾɵòˣϾȻûбը˿˺⣬ôأ
ѽѵȺ仹Ҫʵ
ͻȻһҲѾ£ȷʵΡ⵶ǹǿʵһ뵽Ĵʬеĺ䣬Ǻ˰һУҲǺ˰ɣ
һ㲻Լǳ¾񵤡ϰɽ֮İѾ̥ˡ
ʱȻӱһԾˡ
ǽľ֮һáŮ洼ƻһħԼʦһѪΪѾǵϹħӵϹħ࡭
˵ʱһͷһСүѾСӵϷ޷ֽؿڣѪֹס˳Ŵǻ䣬Ȼ˵òᡣ
ּüͷ˵֣Ů洼ƻ׶ΣûʽżϹħǵʬϣãҼǵҲڹɽȺķΧ֮ڣΪʲôᡭ
Ҳ벻ͨʱ𣿡
£һЦȴӱײõſڴͼһСݵӰ˽ǲеþ͸ɢƵġ
㣬ô
߽˾ȻҲ׹̻񡪡ħ˼仯


1004 ǿϮ
һ²Ƕס
ΪǶ֪ħû뿪ɽ֮˹ɽָܲӴ֡
㡭㱳Ҹ졭
һ߽ʵʱһʵҲףûвμӹ֮սʬڣû֪ʲôطΪʲôܸ
ȷʵû֪ʲôطⲢҲû֪𣿡
벻ҲѾΪ顣
ٺ٣Ҹ˭Ϊ鲢ҪΪ׹̻ħֻҪȷе׹̵ĺϳͺˡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ǹ˽͵͵ġŮ洼ƻʵ豸507ṩ＼ӦòҰɣϾʮѾ㱳׹̣Ѿ׽ˡ
ڵңѲ׹ʵûʲôͬΪħ˼仯Ȼ͸ۣͬǽΪ׹̵֪ǸӣҪĿǽ𣬰ңġġʶĲʶˣ
Σ౳Լˣ͸
˵ֳ̧һָֽ˵ʦ֣˵֮ǰҵĳ㲢Ϊ˱ҲҪ糹ϴɾȻ㲻ͬǺ͸ĿĶһģֻһ𣬶ȴ뱣磬ڽٺؽ򣬲˶ѡ
ǲңŴƣ
ٺ٣ʦҲãʦҲգʲôͬأʮʱһֱͬһ֮Уͬһˣ뷨Ҳ뷨˴ʦΣʮе黹ģɹǰ㾹ͻȻ˵Ҫ;ϣǿɾͿɹˣ
Իڣ
ָ׷Ҫңô֮ӣҺʹʦֳΪ׹̽Щ꣬Ҳһֱ߽ǣǰļƻһУʦֻǶħʧ˷ѣĶħ׹̻ӣȫΪ㣡
ٺ٣ЩҪ
΢΢һЦ˵֮Ѿ׹̵Ľˣ˵ʧȥȨҲãʧȥüֵҲգվѳһټʮλѾȫɥȪ׹ڣΪֻͺˡ
˵ͻȻһ֣ǰԶŭӰһ죬ͻȻһŸոϮԼİײ˹ȥ
˸쳣ʵɲӲֻһߺһ취ܼ켸ιݶ˹ȥ
ʱءһһȭͷֱ˰ԵǽڣһʱǽںȻ£û̳£ǽﾹȻֳһȺ۵׹̽ڣһ¶ֳ˹
硢ǵȻϽӭսһγ׹̽ȻǸ֣֮ǰ׽ЩҪѲࡣ
һʱõʵսһοЦ
ά˹ȷʵܴȻϵᱳǣһᷴ︮ˡܵ󷨻ٺ٣ǿء
һ䣬ҲѾһ˹ȥȻˣЦ֮Ѿ˫ͨ죬Ҫǰ塣
СȻԼĸףûȸȻȻеĻԪɡҪ游ӭս˭֪Сճȥڱһŭ𣺡һ
˵첽׷С㣬͵һקĸ첲Ͱ˦Լ󣬼ͬһʱ䣬˵ǰ̧һƾͳȥ
Ҳֱһε׻ѾϮ׻һ˵ϣȻʼֱ۵ı仯Żζһһƣ׻ַ
Ҳǵ֮ͬһʱӡŵɢһոջϮԼͻȻŤȻ仯һˣëС
Ȼ֮ǰһֱƴӣʮҲһֱڹ۲һһʽֻϣҵȻҵˣéɽɡ׻ʦëС˵Ҫ׻㼸ûпܣҪƽ׻Ѿʲôˡ㲻ҵĶ֡
ëСһЦüһȻҲЩģǺüһŭ𣺡ūԶūţ㲻׻ɱδɵĲдƷ
˵ٶȼֱħȥһʩչѾ׻ɽ֮
˭뵽һʩչɽëС˲֮ȴ˲仯Ϊɷǵű壬Цֿʼһ͹һʱͼһŻкһʮˮ˫воȻѷֲ١
ʱħֿЦҵĶ֣ΪûܻΣ
ħ˵͵͵һ˦֣һɨϽʱһսгȥ׹̽һ̤ովλã˲ӹһͨһ͵˵ϣһ̯һվվˡ
׹ͬ˽ʮ꣬˽ҵ㣬ҲֶΣң㻹̫Զأ
Ҿ֪㲻ô׾УȻ㲻Ը־ܣǾͿΣ
˵ŻͼΪéɽʦűħ΢΢һٶŤΣһȴΪүүɽħ峤ģ


1005 ħ
үү
̲סһٿүүȴѾ̧˫Լĺ󱳡
ͻȻڱץȻԼϵⶼ飬žͼӰ˫ݵֵͻȻֳӰڵΪģһһҷֱɽʮĴʦű塢Լéɽ׻ʦëС
˲侪һ£ûȷӦͼձקűëСҲ̧һֻקԼĺ󱳣һקָԴӱקһӰֻ֮Ϊ࣬һһŮһһǲ塣
үү䡢׻ʦëСԼɽʦű֮⣬󡢲лԳһǶϵãֱħƽԼʮᦡ
׹ʥ֮⣬ʣһ麣еİͨˡ
Ҿȵǣǵ֮ǰǵŵУ֮һֱ︮ΪܣΪʲôֻħ
ɻ˲ȴԼƷֻ뵽һˣ
֮ǰһֱߵ︮ǻħʦħƽԼʮᦷ︮Уʱߵʵݻûиˮ棬Ҫߣֱͬ̽ȡһ
ҸշӦͼǰվһŵˣѾͬһʱЦų͹
˵ݶѰħԼħ경֮⣬ʦָ˵ôûħѾˣۿ˽ΧסҲɵΪһѺ
ߣһȺ׹̸ֺսףǸѲڱ׷ʹİЩӦĶ˵
ϰ֣㣡
ΧС㿴ＱУϽлԪɡҪȥս˭֪ûȳս֣ȴͻȻһŭ𣺡뿪
ϰ֣㡭
ңߡ
ֵһŭֻ⺰Ĺű屻һŵһѾ׺ݵӦؿϡ
һƺߣһסΣ˭֪Ȼ֣ëСʦѾҼлмܣȻģһʱ·ʮѱʦлܴٿҲһֱԱ߼òϣѹƵġ
ϰֱΧýʵʵСȻ᲻ܣһʱҲ˲ϰֵҸˣ۾ǰ塭
ϰ֣Ҫ㶼ܣʲôŮ費ڣչ㣡
˵С㡰һչԪɡһݷԾ𣬳ɡеͷͻȻֺɡ˱Χм
һأͼСתֽԪɡչɡԼͷһգеħƽѴӿ£ءһɡ֮ϡ
һΣ˲ͼɡըɢһỤ̋ŮС
漴˷ʼɢָϽ˲ⱻǰɣСϽֳһߺȣϰֿߣ
˵קסĸ첲ǰһ˦ȽѾ˵˵Χ˳ȥŶԷʹԼҲҪ̵۷塭
˭֪СŸոǰۿžҪ˵İΧ֮³ˣȴͻȻ˫һͨһԤ׵ص˵ϡ
ͷһʱһҲ֪ǲĹѾʧĹéɽȷʵѲ
С㣡
һͷ壬˭֪ʱȴʦּͬһʱӭͬһԽǽһסĽŲ
ۿС̱ڵҲŵһУʵǱΧһȺ׹̸ֲѲֻЦС㽿С˼ϣͬЦز˵úãǴ¿ɳˣ
⻰⡱һʱ뵽Ŵƿסᵽһı
ħҪ֮ϼħвȫͣڵħȻȫ塣
ħΪħ֮λȼгΪ꣬ɽʦű塢éɽšëСԼҸɽħ峤Ⱥ󱻼У˽ϣȴʦɽ֮һ塭
ʦΪʦдĹת壬׹̽ǵŮĹഫ˾ֱϵ֮⣬׹̽޷κȫա
С׹̣ҪСÿľǾȥйż֮мص׹̽СҲһֱڰո׵ȥǵõʱҰľǣҪԼŮɥĲؼħ֮УΪħĵˡ
ɽͷĿ㼯ŹΨһСҲΪħһԱħɾͳΪͬʱȫħ֮ħ
󣡿ſС㣡
һȻѹѹһֱС㲻ǰԭҲͲħγֵĿģС㡭
ʲôѾˣͼֳֹ˼֮תſڳ壬ҸϽͼ·׹̽ǶȿЩ׹ȴöԸɫɫķ͵쳣Ѳһ̯޷С㣬ȴķûС
ҸϽֻͷһȻΪŮ°Ҳ쳣ķŭŭ֮ʦһѪƴȻʮֶˣϾˣѾһֱۣҪô׵鰡
ƴɱʱֳħƽ𽣵Ĳȴһֱںһ˫۾ɨѰ㣬Աһ
㣬ȻѾҵˡ


1006 еǰ
ڵˡ
ŸһڣѳʦʦסĹѻħƽɱǰûӦзȻĲӶݺһĨȥ
æӦλǿУƺȫûע⵽͵͵ɱȥĲ壬ȷ˲ӰʱǷĽɫѾնǰ
ʧɫʦס޿ˣֻؿǽԼĲϡ
ۿѪɽͷҹĻԺ֮г֣˭֪ʱͼһֱӦʦͻȻֱ۷£һŭ𣬾ͼ͵һֱֻۣˡһһɫѴſ˲ÿë͸˷ɢȥ
ݵĵһеħƽһ£ٶȣͼ׼ʱ̧֣һѾ߬סѾڲϵķ棬ϮĳԼƸס
ǽȻסˣձ𿪵ʦѾϮ˹һдֽ߬ħƽ𽣸мܡ
ʱͼ˫ֽ߬ŽһΣһѪ˲ǽѴ֮ǿק˳ȥ
ոմקȥħƽڲһΣ˲ļ磬ֻ͡һĽһλһξȻֱӴļ򡭡
һʱ۵һƺߣΨһܶұҲѾشȥ
˫۶Ѿˣҿ㻹ʲôҵĽ
ЦֽѪܵıٿ˵ӦԲˣ˫һϣĶмܵסʦλʦּлǽ㣬ΪƹصĹϵȴҲʦС
ۻƣĴȻԽԽΣգɴһʱᶼסֽţȻҲ֪һߣɸû
ȻʱͻȻһǽڴȻŭɶ׷ɱʱִһǽڡ
ûٴڶһΣȻֱӳıϴ˹ȥ
΢һתƺǰǶ۾ɨ˰Ӱû˵־գֱ۸ֵǰֻһܣ˫ֻչĸ첲һ㣬̼һŰ׹⣬ͳķ˹ȥ
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صͬʱһɫ׻Ѿ˫ը޷ʦʦԼҪ͵ϮĲ壬һʱ䶼˳ȥ
һǰҲս֮гŰͳ˹ȥ;ǵѣֻҪǵ·ߣ첲ʹһʱҲǵս֣Һ硢˸Ͻûս֣ڵλֱ˹ȥ
ۿħûҪԼ˹ȥһӵ·Ⱥд˳ûһʹܵǰס
ʱԼҲѾ˹ȥͷһһȺ׹̸ָǽ׷ţǶʵµˮйͨ
ֵǶѾۼһ𣬶췢ŭֵҵԵʣһȺ׹̸ָǲҽӽΪĿ꣬һһΪǼ˲ѹ
ȥվǰ취Χ˲ʱͼڼƵүͻȻһȥɲУǵӣ
˵ŻֳɨһۣͻȻͷϽֳźӿа취
һԼʦԼߴ˳ս֣ϥүԸȥүֹֻ˼䣬ûһͼһĴȣ˸߲ҵؾվ
ʦģ֤񣡡
ûѾȥһʱԴ󷢣˵Ͼһִͨӵģſߴͬһ㵽ҴܣɰˣһʱҲ׷ɱǣָ
ɺƺȴûиӲӲ˼һŭ죬ͻȻļһշȥЩ׹̸꣬Ȼ˺磬ŭž׷ȥ;һ·׷һ·ɱ¾һ׹̸ֵز
ҲţֻǽԼЩ׹̸֮һҴ꣬Ȼүһеɽ赶ɱ֮ƣһ²ʱѲ죬ܽѡסЩ׹̵ĸǡ
źסһȺ׹̵ˣҡҲħҲսһţүս֣Ͼʵ̫أվʹˡ
ħվǸѲĶ֣⼸еκһˣǵһһĸ֣ĸԷе˶ʱֲ֣ϾһҵүүһǰүүһλéɽëСȻûʲôѪԵϵһֱȴͬ·һָǣѱǿ˶ʦ֣Ķµְ
ټϲһ׹ʥһʱҲýڽڰˣүļƻܳɹһײûһĹ׹̸־ȻԼһˣһȻҲѾſüۣʼΧ칥æźӦսȻҲûʱȥǵ¶ˡ
һսֳԽүȻסˣúñԼĴ֮󣬾ǰǵæ˭֪ʱһЦͻȻӲƵſڷ洦Ŷſڴļ׹̸ּͬһʱдһҽУҽû䣬һɫĽѽնϣŷڵѪɫĽֳ˹
ͣڻ˺ǣɽſ߽ˣȴǶס


1007 Ϸ
һ߽ſڵһȺ׹̸֣Լںǲħ֣ͣΨ컹ڷ˷һ׷ź絽ҳײ
ʱͻȻǸݵһ̧֣Ľ̺һ챻գȻؿʼ죬Ƭͷ˿ڣȻʼֳһ
ס֣Եˣ
һЦٿ죬Ѿͨһڵء
θֳֳ֣һԴһſʼǾͶѾϳ
ǣߣΪһͷڹһȥء
үЦЦֱڲԶǰȻߵģüȴܿߵӰѾûǰĨȻȡ֮ģһա
θݣ磬ϴһɵĺӣǺ׹̵ĽЩͬûǶ׹̵ͼ
үֺαعг̼أ֪Щļƶ𲻵Чġ
ʼ磬ֳүЦЦ˵οֺαֻͷڹһأҵļƻѾԲɣôҲֹҵġ
˵ͼһЦţǹεİͬ˲佫סһ
⻰ʲô˼ԲɣʲôԲɣ
үһʣȴûش𣬰ǰѹâ˸ɫˮͻȻֳɨһ˵֪ô࣬ʲôأȻѡҸһƽĽΣ
⻰үٶȾ㵣ǰһŭһﵽˣʲôϷ
Ϸٺ٣ʱգѾȫҪˣʲôϷˡ
һ䣬ͻȻתбˮָűһȺ׹̸˵ȫ£סгڣ׼κ̤̤һ
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һȺ׹̸ȻԸĻƴӣϽӦһתʵ壬һ򣬸ոջһȺ˾ȻѾ˵Ӱˡ
ʱͼֻһЦ˵ֻʣǼǹƽһսΣ
ƽΪƽ
үһڣЦƽǣѾ֮ǰνĶթƣѾ޹أΪѾûֹˡٺ٣йҲ˫һ˽ʱˣϾʶһҲ̤ʵô
⻰δ̫ˣ
һү˶Ѿ˲伤ŭҽüͷ̲סһŭ𣺡ãҲҪȥ㣬Լãôƽһս˵

΢΢һЦָ̧һǶħķָһ¹ԼԲԶ죬ЦЦ˵㿴ڣˣһһˣȻҶɴս
˵ͻȻһ٣̱ڵϵɨһۣһ˵ʵҲһӵϣߴ
û˵꣬ѾͲסĿ˵ǺðǾߴ㿴ǲӡ
˵ĦȭȻͰͲסеŭˣҲѹ֣Ͼ֮ǰڻĴһսʱ˸ɱۺ죬ôܲ
绰ճڣү͵һۣ˵ȱ嶯㿴ڵĴһӵʤ𣿡
үȷʵǣ㵽ֽҪͷѾ侲طǰľơ
⻰ҲĬˣϾҲǵĴΣʱͼүһתֳŸ˵ڵ״̬ȻΪʲôҪġϷ㵽ʲôı
ٺ٣Ҳ̸ıֻúĽѣ֪ϰƿȫ֣඼ҵߣҵָ֮ǧʷǣõļһսҵȻҪúܣһӵ׾ɱǣ̫Ȥˣ
˵ʱɨһۣƲ˵㿴еӣҪȺ֮ǻᱻЦ۸ǣһĹֻѡˣһһһڸԣһҿԷ뿪
˵ʱͻȻ˸һɽթĹâˣȷʵ̫ˡ
ʵµľƣÿ˵ﶼħȣʣһһǼֵٿһ˵ֵܼҲ̥ˣһϵļսѾҪ͸֧ˣ˫۾ϣѾȫսˡ
뵽ҵƺ˹ȵһ㣬̾һֻ֮ǿסŭͷ־ѾɲҲͬˣܱȴһҪõö࡭
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⻰ڣҶûҲûκεı仯ȻҲͲµһôҶѾĬҵİ취Ψһ£ӴӵУҲߣ
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һŭ𣺡վʦ֮ɽƵһħѳ֮лȥ㲻
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ûѻ˵꣬ѾĻһ֮һͨŭ𣺡ߣֵܼ˵ܸɷǰЩħ֣㿴ڵģǸҲûãߣߣ
綼ô˵Ǵʧɫĵؾͳ˹ͻȻʹ˸ɫҴҵ˵Ҿߣߵġ㡭


1008 
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ҸսһҪĻȻȴѾЦ̴ֵûܵ治ǵűصӡ
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һԾˣŻȻȻүֵͼ
ϾѾֽڹϣүȻҲûŸ棬ɫس˵Сӣ㻹ܸٶ³Ե㾹Ȼס
ҡ
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ôһ˵ͷ⡱һǰùã裬С㣬ôҪ˶δҡ
ɨǰһȺֵܣٸнһᣬôǶȥ
ȻԥʱһˬʵЦȴд
С˸иʲôأŪøһģȥ¶أҪ˵úһˡ
˵Ħȭƾͳ˹ߵǰһתȻֳڶЦĸЦߣ֮ǰɱһΣһΣɱˣǲǣðҵĶ֣
绰û䣬˫ȭֱϾȻʼƵƵðһĺŰĺ𽥽˫ưסΪһڵȭס
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С㻹ڵʲôｻѵ㻹ģ㵱ֵܼûãǲǣ
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˵ͼһű˹ȥϾոһһ׼һӵϣһ˹ȥԱߵĲȼһűΧڳһյ
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үŸһͻȻ͵ؿһ£ŭһߡ֮󣬾ֱͳŸȥ
¶ԷڴӶֹңһ֣ͼҲѼŶԷȥ׼Ŀ꣬ſڲԶ졣
ûüӦͱһͷײáءһǽϣʱŭŭһ첲ͳſϵĺ˹ȥһֺֿݣûü㿪һҽоͱճʮԶҪ˹ȥȴһ׹ȻѾһ졭
ӣҺֵܣԸ
ĺͼһԴͷƤ̡ۡһˣûȺشһ䣬һԼײϣƤʵ̫ӲˣȻײײȥһ̧˫֣ʱץסһԳǣһ˫־͸˺Ǽһ͵һꡱһֺͷ˺롭

ҾһҽУȻ˺Ƥ֮УȴѾһųһغ
Ǻ̲ϷųĺһһƮС˷һֱǰ۳һţͻȻۡһƺǱŵĺʲôٶһββʹӺ֮һ˦
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ֳҺоԹҲ֪ͷ㲻Ҫ֣ңһ˶Ըɡ
ǹ֮еƺһ㣬˭뵽һ䣬Ǻ֮оִһɳƶ
һˡ𡭡
ȻԣѾ̫ҷϣ㲻ԣһҲѡӱˡǸֳһΣҲټˡ
ȥɣ⼸ǧ㣬ֵܡԲסˡ
˵Ȼֹһ̾ȴǾ۳ŵĺͻȻʼҵض󣬴Ǻ֮߳һӰ
һֵӰ˵һӰ˵ϸһģģӺֳӰӰһ𡭡


1009 ɽ
Ӱֵһ˲䣬ȫסֵֻܶѾͶԷʼҽսΨվλãպôǺӰֵķ򡭡
ҿһƺ˵Ӱһ˿ûң֫ŵſڵϣͬҰްŲֽǰģģģȴֳһΣͬû·ͬϸǵڶκֵؾһӰϣƨɺ棬һβǺ֮˦˦ȥ
ûҿǵǸʲôѾȵõһʱһЦͻȻԶɨһۣƵ˵ĸ
ͼһȭһȭȻѾƴȫȭͷյû磬ǰ˼ٵӰȴӦ磬ƺûз˼ֻǷֳֽڱһֱЦ˱ܡ
ͻȻһЦЦ綼һ£Ȼʱȴ˵ѹǧжû֪䣬ԭ㾹һֱӲдرǿЦôֳˣ
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һӰҲѿʼ̵شӵվƣһֻһѧֱߵԳƵġ
ʱһӱƵǽ洫ŭɶسʵǺ˹ȥ
ۿҪ֮У̧ȭͷѾվֱӰȥءһǺе˾Ȼ̧ƺϸָһѾͰסȫȥȭſ֮º̵ڣģģȫӺ֮б¶˳
ȷʵǸˣҲˣֻȻǺ幹죬ȴѪ֮һź̾ۼɣ嵽٣һƬǿĳ˽Ÿֽ̧סһȭͬʱͼڵϣͻȻӶͷʼͬըһֳһ˲Ӷͷ£յ˳żɢ֫ܰһ㡭
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ͻȻǺӰγڣžסһŭ𣺡ΪκңΪκңұֵܰ
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⻰綼̲סΪƽŭҲǱƭй¶֮صܣҲ֮٣ôܹأ
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ܲɫĵӰͻȻĬһ£ûȿڣٶȴ
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ͻȻ䣬һֻȭͷȥȭһңΡءһըɢȻͬŮɺӮսʽһ㣬Ǻ಻ԶۺϳͣһƬĺ̸ͬһָܿıҪС
죬곣ɽϣȷʵֵҶԲס㣬¹֮սʱֹһɽȰ˵㣬ҪƵΪУΪξǲƵն֮ˣһ˼ͳߣĲ岻ţɱԭ˶޹顭
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£쾹Ҳ˵һʱտʵֻΧ򶷵һߣȴѾȫסһ㡭
죬֪ҶԲס㣬ҹƵۣƤ¡ֵܣֹ£ҲܱǧƤҲ޹ԼҲ֪Լ㣬ʱܵɲɱƵۣȡɱƵۣңɱ㣬°ңѡߡ
ҡҲĻ
ͻȻ򼤶ǰһ˫۸ǵɵϴȦͨ졣
죬ӦΪ˵Ķʵ顭
ϮĸͻȻЦҶõֵܣǱ˭˽ǸʲôˣųΪ²ʲô


1010 
һսԼӶˣٳٲȥԮȴҪһֱƵҵͷϣ˵ʲôҵƭ㣬Ǹαӡ
ŸĺһĬ֮УĬúڿڡ
ǰȷʵǸųαӣҪȻҲᱻʹƭתƭĸһ
ǣһжȡ죬ɱ
˵һеıˮһͻȻٴαŭܵǱˮĿƵġ
ҲʾǰĿ֮ƺ֮ǰԸҲѾĥˣȫǸǲս첻࣬ҳ׺ݣȫǱ˸Ƶġ
켤սʱҲѾͲûȣ˵սֿͺ硢սһޣҲͬһڷسŶַ͹ƣȻȴ磬ܺʱĲȫȰȥ治ǰǰéɽһʱŮӡ
ɲǸһֻܺķʱͼŷųҪ͵Ϯ磬ںͷŲһأƵƵɵ塣
󲻵󷽷ѸݣΣȻҲҲ͵ľλãÿһֻҪ˦Ͷ㣬ڿնԱ߶㿪ԶǲǱأ֮һá
һģҪƽʱ˲٣һȴܴ͵͵ĲɫݲģȻϴĺȴѾ۵ÿҪͷ³ˣԽԵòȳΪ֮ǰһҹսµľˣɫҲòÿˣʱʽҲʼԽԽԽԽ
ĵòˣ׼ʱͻȻ佫һֱڱħƽ𽣳ź˹Ĺ͵һն˹ȥ
ᡱһɫĽŰתۼڿնĺһƺߣû˵أѾѪˤ˻ȥͨһ͵˵ϡ
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˵أӦսͬǿеֵǶŵѯɵûӣͼѡᡱһһͦվȻббǰĽǣѪܵģɺ绹̧צԼظ£ǿžʹһЦ
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绰û˵꣬ͻȻ˫һͨһˤ˵ϣˤʱƺ˫ֳס棬Ȼֱֻ۸һţȴҲͬһ˿᲻ʱصˤ˵ϣ£ȴ
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˭֪ʱͻȻ͵̧ͽһѾ߬סǱĽ桭
㡭
ʧɫΪѾ̤󷨡̱ͬ࣬Ϊʲôֱۻܶ
˭֪ûӦ߬Žĺ粻ԼצѾˣ߬ŽһקȻӵϳ
⡭ôܣѵҵʧЧˣ
ٶȾҪὣ˭֪ȴʵʵرѪֽܵ߬ţζβȥ
ɨһۣȴûͻȻתͷ˹ٺһЦ˵Сȥ°ɣֵû⣬㲻õġ
硭
⡱һ˭֪ʱһҽҲѴӲԶҪȥϮű壬Ծİ͵һŸ߷˵ϡ
ͼһֻֽѾѪģؿڣѪͣشָﻬȴͷұ־ԵůůһЦ
㻹ɵŸʲôʰһǻҪȥСŵ𣿡
䣬һŵȴб󷽺Хɨ֮û㣬ǵȴءһҵĽűը˿ѭŵķһۣͼһŵҴܣըΧǽƤΰȫʼð̣ëС֡
ëǰʵΣشһսǵĵġ
ѭŵȥͼһŵʯ֮䣬ȫʧȥá仯´ڶȴһֱڱ󰴰ӡ
ұܵĽҲᣬ첲ѾѪȾ죬ӡʱͼС΢΢زţָӡ׼ȷɽұëС͹ƣͻȻӡһɣëǰһζͬʱƴұ۶ʱëС˦
ŵεεѪε裬ֽɵӡȻëСüļ䣬ءһëСĶͷը˻ֻëһҽУͨһ͵˵ϣû


1011 ¸漱
Ťͷüߵ㻹ߣѵǴԼȥС㲻ɣ
ʦɡǡ
Сӣٿˣߡ
үһ˵ʱүүһߵõʮԶòүүȴѾʢ˵ر
˵үΪ︮ڶʮ֮һʵħ˵Ҳλһ֣ʽѾܿƵסˣȺΪ˵ĸʵԶү١
үսǽħϴ峤˵үүִƸɽʱѹű塢ëСλһͷүһֵ֮Щ
ɼˣүǺճӦսǰʵȫѹԼһͷǿУûбֳ˿ؿ־
Сӣߣ߰㡭
үλʦԼֵ˻ź뿪ۿһȺƴսǿС˺ۡѪҲ˲һƬհףջӲԥͲ֪롭
ĬһŰ¾ģֵһŭ𣺡ͦסҾСǣϻ
ҲҶ˵ʲôֻôһ仰Ѿˣ˫ҲѾˮʪѾҶ࿴ֵһۣͷ壬ܷسȣѭŸոСߵķ׷˹ȥ
һĬֵǣǿǧҪͦסǧҪͦסûԶǰѾȹսˣɻûܵսǰȴ׹̽ѾȴӹսǺ˳
Ҳû̧־ʹ򣬺ôֲѲûӾȫڵϰҽˡ
Ұסһһʣ̱ʳСȥֻǱұʵ׹̽սս˵Ů¥
¥󲻴Сߣ¥ʲô
һ㶣Ȼ뵽֮ǰǵһʱ׹̵ֱģﰵһͣѵҪСӿ·ߣĻɾˡ
ԽԽżҲҵ飬ȥ¥ͨԼҸĸ˱Ѻķλ֮󣬸Ͻǰ׷
Ǳ£Ȼ׹̵һֱǵɲǳȥǶڻڻ͸ͨѾᳵ·ˣҲû̫ʱ䣬·Ͻ˼·׹֮̽ûõĹ͵˹ѺҸĸ˵ηǰ
ڲձ֣óһƬңȻηҲڷηļ׹̽ڸǲһ¾ͱҽˡ
嵽ǰѾ˲Կ׿ˣһСƼȥšءһӦըûĳɢܽȥһԾ˫۶ʪˡ
ͼҸĸԼ¹֮ⷿڣƶأȻȥ֮ټүߣ˶յ˶̱ƹ֮⣬ȹùáǧѩԼСĸסҲη棬һңҸȫ־ϲ
ƣ
һȻѪ߰ߣǽھվҵײײ˹ҲϽվ
裡
Ҳ̲סƵĿϽȥһѱסĸӵһʡ
ۿҵ˺۵ģ͹ùö޵øѹˣϾǧĸǡ⣬Ǿ䡰ĸǧֱƨһϵˣҲʹ鵶һ㣬޲ðϵ˶תƵԼˡ
ӣʲô
Һ衢ùñͷʹϰָϽںһʣϾ¹ش͹ùҲٸҶˣ̬
ȸߣǵøϽȥС㡭
һҲ˲ϸˣһҶû󰭣Ͻת壬ȻЩԣվطǶȺҴη˳
ڹùõĲһֱ첽ҵߣһ߸ǰСܣһ־˵ƣСôˣ
С㱻ץˡ
⻰һڣһȺ˶ʱȫɫϾħݴҶ֪һֱҪСΪħ֮һҲܲΪСż
һ˵˲伱ۣ˾໰֮嵽ҵǰ棬ܵøˣһһ֣үģҴҶϱ⣬ﲻж˿飡
һɾҲ˸ɾǳ¥һ;һ׹·ʱ˿̴ͻʮ˳ʱĶžһͨһߴһֵķã֮һնܿͼǰȵľͷһֱͨ¥ĵݡ
Ҳһ׹֮̽󣬴Ҹæȿֺϵݣ¥
һ뵽СδڵʮӵĹ򣬶˵·Ƕһ㣬òһûȵԼ򿪣̲סáƼը˵ݵĴš
һʱһŰǰһ׹صϿ֮ϡ
׹̵ɽ֮УֱӴͨɽΣӵݿڳǰһһͱڣͱڵĺӣѾƵذԨ
ͱڵľͷȻͣһֱȻֱȴûҪɵ˼һֱö˶˵ͣԭأֱʻԱŶпڼʻϣء
ֱûɣ˵ȻһȻȴֱǰ棬ˣһʱǵֶѾɤۡ
еˣС㣬ͼһƺʲôطĹŹ֮УӶֳһĨյЦ


1012 С
ɽ󡭡
ϸһǵϰڳɵͣҲһǵéɽһƽ֮ˡͬзɵӴഫΣ̫󣬺űɽʦһŭ֮ߣӴ˱Ϊɽ⴫ֻÿɽʦСû뵽󷨲ֹŴƻᣬҲʹá
˵ͷͷǵ費һ˵ƣĶôණҶֻʱүү˵һζѡŴơΪʲô
裬ȱˣҿûʱô࡭
Ǳʱ䣬Ͼ̫飬ֱ˵Ƿ츲صı仯һʱôܽ͵أ
ȻΪ֣չָ˿ļ֮УɽеɽһսŴƺ󷨽УŵŴƵ϶ΪһģΪҪСԼҲŪȥѵ˵
ħѾʼҪСˡ
һ˵ŻҪǰ壬ҲøϽ취Ƴ󷨰ѱСֱƯڰջԲѵСȻȻû߹ȥͻȻһЦֱϴ
΢һ㶣ͼڷɻʻŷԱͷīŶȳ̵ֱʻԱͻȻһͷԼīժ
С׷þò
⻰⡱һȫѾԲ۾֪ˣȻʱҸΪȵģԶĳ¹
ĿǰͻȻһ
ܡܵܡ
ֱļʻԱȻǡС¡
Сһֱҹ﹤Ŀƺǰ507ܻ֮УСǰӣҲʼƵƵԺ֮и֡
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СЦͷֱ˸˵С׷磬ȰǻǾͶɣûõģǾȲС㣬ҲȲġ
㡭˵˵ʲô
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¹һָСѵ⣬һڵسС߹ȥƺⲻĵܵһѵȻ˭뵽ʱͼСͻȻӱͳһǹ׼¹Ĵȣءؾһǹ
ǹһ죬ȫ˶סǿ״ѽ
ͼ¹ͨһڵأǰһŵעС£˵ˡ
磬ǰ̤һһǹ׼ĿɾԴˡ
ܵܣѽ㣬ôˣ
¹ľСһЦ˵磬һ仰ͬıʱȻһֱ׹̵ĻҲһֱڹ۲㣬ǣѸͬˣϣ
ͬˣô˵ֻ
¹һŻѪǿվֵ˵ֵȻֱΪ749507εգΪҲͬĿģѵѾ˳ԣԼе㻹ǲǵõ507ְʱ˵ĴʣôܺЩµħΪ飿
£Ĵʣ壿Ǻǣޡ
ոջЦС£˵仰ʱѱǿѹסеŭ𣬵Բ۾Լĸػ˵ȷʵعνġ塯ͼΪİȫħаϧԼҲġ
˵ʱСͻȻɨһۣЦһ˵ΪҽץǷݼֺ岻ţղһ³ҵõʲôеΪȫΪ˱࣬ΪҵʹյõȴģҲЩɱҵۣͬô廹ʲô壿磬ǶƭˣѾ۹ν岻ЩòȻνɵ˵ĻѻѣҪѾǼȥάα壬ǽѾҩɾȵ糹׻ٵӶһ塭
С£㡭㡭
С⡰׳¹ȵĿ࣬벻Ҷû뵽ǸȻˣһļС£ȻѾ׵׵ıϴˡ
ʵҲ֪ӦҲǱ׹̡Ů洼ƻԼ507ƼʵƷ֮һһȴô벻ףŮ洼ƻĳ֣ΪùɽЩսħն׼ΪʲôҪһʵС£СΪһȫûзķӣԸʲô;أ
ã֮ʱ¹ͻȻ͵͵ͷɨһۣѹúܵ͵ٵ˵СӣҪһ¡

һ£ž¹ֽüͷҴ˵죬ɱɱҵܵܡ
㣬˵ʲô¹ĻҴʧɫС¿׵ܵѽȻҪɱԼĵܵһΣ
㻹С507˿ƼʵԱ
¹һԾˣ˲Ȼ
԰С֮ԻᱻɱҲΪ˵С¾Ȼ507ܻ͵͵ʵ飬ýʬħ硭
ȻĸԸ˵൱ļֵС¶ԸãͬĽһһ
ɱҿɲ뿴ԼĵܵܣǴħͷá
¹Խ˵Խԭ޶ԣ¹һŭͻȻŻڵѪȣͳСȥ
˶һҪѡ
ء


1013 ħֵ
¹û䣬ͻȻһǹ촫ӵ͸¹ŵ˲䣬ڽһ᲻ں
С£һε
£ҲѾ˳ҵų¹εĵ£ΪѪɫͳС˹ȥ
Ѿ֣ĸĸȹùõҲûкʱȿֺؿʼǰֱǰǹŹֵͳȥҪȳС㡭
ȻʱͻȻءһը촫һӰһζǵСµ𣬾ھС»岽Զİ֮ը˻
⡱һԼͼһӰ˹ȥԼ
ըҵһײײҰ˶ǰһŰĿ֮УȴǸոײɢڿһշ֮ȵЦСµԣһһҡƤǼĹͷС
ʵ֮ǰϣһֱھ󷨲ԶĵطҲ˵һ仰ǳҲһ£ǹŵСˣֱСµһţȻֱӰˡ
һǳΪոյסԵʣðһ̣·ϻȼգϸһҲʧɫġƼ֮ǿ֪ӭײɢ𣬿ȴȫû˿˺ۡ
ѵ쵰Ǹֽǲɣ
Ҿ֮ϸһɵۣȻСӹͷӦòͨ࣬ȻġݵûʲôвԣһֱڵϵǶԳϣÿֻȴžŸֺͷҶЦʱͼ˫֮ɢһʢ˵׹⣬̰׺ݵģֱȻɽһ֧ĺ绹Ҫй֮޲
㣬ʲô
СӹͷСһֱһҲʡ
ǼˣСȴû˵ʩͻȻһЦɨǹͷһ˵ҵĵܵܣٺ٣ҪɱС£ҪС㣬Ҫȹһأɲ׵顭
иܵܣ
⻰Ҳһ㶣ɾˣΪǵ˽⣬Լĸֵ飬Ӧǹ¶Ŷԣʵͺ࣬׾ͱɽʮĴʦɽ´ɽתéɽëСΪͽ
һݵż¼ɽǰǹ¶Ķʲôܵܣűϲɽ¼
ΣȻ˵ʮ˸ֺͷĹͷԼĵܵܣЩ˼
ȻʱȴֿЦ˵˸Ӳ˼Ļ
Ⱥܵǣúõккǰɡ
ܵܡǣ
һ⻰ǸǶһ£ϽʶسΧ˼ۣˣĶбڣ
˭֪ʱȴǻĹͷͻȻЦţҡڵس˹û߳ͻȻͼ˫һڣԼһҸﾹȻ͡һʲôںĶ
ƣҶס˭֪ʱ䣬ͼǴҸںĶϣֿʼϸСϸһһԸ첲
⵽ǸʲôӸ첲ҸȻһԸ첲
˭֪ûǴӾ֮תѹҸ̳ڽʵظ첲Ȼֳ˿ոƽ͡һ첲Ҹ˳
ҡҵѽ
ŵòһ˭֪Ը첲Ѿ˿һԸ첲˳Զһüһͼǹͷа첲ڶֱǸ˰˸ǩ¿ӣ˶ĵͷƤ顭
⣬ĵʲôǧֹ
ҲһȹùҲüͷ˵ǧֹǰ˱޺Ҵû˵˱޺ÿֻ϶оŸֺͷ𣿡
⻰û˵꣬ǹͷͻȻʭһʼֽŻҲһſİ첲ǿʼһһžؿʼһҶţͼë֮пʼðһ㵭ذǰԽŨңƺǴ֮ðġ
Ũҵذ𽥽ͻȻͼ֮ӰһΣûǷӦԵİ֮оȻһֳһӰȻͬаֱۣҲǸͷУ˳һޣ߶ûֺ
ôᡭ
һ㶣һӰ˸ǳеһ࣬һӰγһʱһͷоȻһģһ
첲Ĺͷпʼζӹֽųǽӽ˵嶼סֱʮڰ̵İ£Щͷв峯ԽԽȿǲʮԶʱѾһһȺǰΧ˹
¿ˡ
ͻһʱҶŵɫһ䣬ȫѾ֪ˡ
ĵǸʲôѵǻþ
һճڣԵϰȴҡҡͷüͷɨһ֮һ˲һ˵ԣ㿴ǵ£нӡȻʵ壬Ȼһ»ûôһģһʵ𾪡
ȷʵ𾪵ģͻȻʹʽҾãܸħЩϵˣΪħӵֻûʵֻħֻܻûܹѣͷлûġ
һƣ˵Ҳ߰ʮҡ
һոǹͷ嵲סҴҵ˲˹ȵף˵ؿˣȻֽһս


1014 һս
ۿ߰ʮ˱۹ﳯΧ˹ͻȻӺḧסҵļһͷһЦ
ƣ㻹ҪҪС㣿
裬ҡ
ˡ
ȣôȣôΧǶѾˣȻһȫûʤս
Ӯˣ׵׵ӮˣѾʼô룬һΣó׵ףѾ޷֮
ǣ軹Цޱ۴ȰĿңֻҵĻش
ӡ
ʱϰҲת˹ЦЦ˵ϰ֮ǰүү˼ʮ꣬ڻеͿأˣһ䣬㻹ǲǵۡ︮⡮кζ
аҴ
ϰҲЦˣǵСʱŸңֻҪ΢һһͬᶯִңֱڶЩɵÿһα𱸳ͷʱ趼˫ֲڵָҵ˫磬ȻӺ濿ҵĶ䣬ҶأЦ˵
ҵĺöӣǿһ㣬ûйȥĿ
衭ǡ
ûпǣʱʱ˿̣ıϱŵĿɲֻǺС¡
ǰ
ֱͦǿУΣԱЩİĶһ̣תȥ֮ززҲΣ㶼Ѿ硢İġҪĶȫ˵ˡ
裬Ҷ
öƣ֪㶮Ҳס
˵ɿҵļɨϰһ֮󣬷һЦֳִ׹̽ľһһһҵǰ
һ˲䣬ͻȻϮͷҿ׵ңڸߴĸĸм䣬ְ趼΢΢ǣ·߲ȵңһСǰС
ǽ̻·̻ˣ񼴱ѾˣȴǻŸСƵģСذұм䡭
ӣðٱһΣΪ󿪳һ·ҲһΣ·ôߣȫԼˡ
裬֣ллǡ
ɵӣ׵裬˵ʲôлл
ϰֻͷϵصһۣȴȻһĨǳЦתͷ裬ۿʪ󡭡
ӣûǵ飬㶼ҪǿǰУδܳ
û䣬輸ͬһʱתȥֳľС
ת˲䣬˳۽Ʈա
ʦڽħ崫ͨڴˣаã
ʦɵԪڴˣ־ܣ
ĸ˻ŭ𣬻ζľȻɱս֮УۿŸĸһȺ첲ĹΧסҲĳѪӿŭһ֡衱֮涵ؾҪǰ壬ȻһֻȴӺһקסҵĸ첲һͷͼȹùýüͷ΢΢ҡͷû˵һ仰ӰȴѴǰιӭЩ첲Ĺȥ
ħ峤ڴˣɩӣһ֮
ùһŭ𣬳ֳַ֮䷨һɱͻȻֳǵķŭ
ҽħ˺ڣ汾Ųаħά
ʦڴˣ
Źùõ£ͼ顢ͻȻԳ˳ȥû˵Ϳʼ۾Щ˱ֵˡ
ۿżֻ˱۹ζ˵ֱſֱ۾һŴƵģϽʩչǽᡱһʹǹǰ˹ȥִϺݺݾһš
ͬʱȺʱҲѾۣԼϺݺݾһڣһʱѪҧ͵һ˦ֱۣɽѪ̳Щ˱ֵ˹ȥ
ҲûۿҪһֻ˱УһԾʩչˮȥԼȥЩѪһεѪڰ֮۳һѰѷѪĽָ裬ѪڹȺɱ
ｻǣǧҪˣǾС㰡
ڱǧѩͻȻҳڣֻһĬ֮Ҳ̾˿˵СֵܣⱲҲ޷ټŮһˣԺټʱ鷳㣬һҪңֻΪ˾ͺãһΡ
죬æҲܰ㡣
ǿסвزʣͷҲص˵˵չôټһһУҸǸӢۡ
лл㡣
˵⻰ʱҲ֪ıΣܸоЦοЦ
ʦéɽ٣δɽ̰ǱɽȥӲд⣬ϲǸ˵һծĻᣬʦϣӽձضʦ̻壬Ϊնħ
û䣬Ȼۿһֻ˱ֳԼ˹ͼһΣͻȻϵĴӣͬһʱζҧָѪǷĴдѪ䣬˫͵һģѪܵĴӡһǰ˱۹ͷϡ
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һŭдĵĴ̡žըһ͵׻𣬽ǹըҽС
éɽɣ׻ʦ²ФڴˣħаղǸϾɱսż֣
ۿһȺ˺ʮ˱ħսһţͱںȻΪѪܵս
ȻΨǧѩһһֻֽ߬ҵĸ첲ҰͲסɱս֮Ƶģ˫۸սֲţƺѰҵз
СܰҴ仰𣿡
ǧѩͻȻڣһ£˵磿
ҽղܻ뿪ҰɡҪ࡭
ҪҴʲô
꣬ǧѩֻҶ˵һ໰û˵꣬ϸӰȻӹһƮȻս֮С


1015 Ѫ·
ʱˣ
ǧѩ֮ͻȻҾŭһ˵ϽӰȥʱͼʮŰ첲ĹͷѾǧѩΧ
ǧѩҲۿЩͷдΧΧͼһΣϸȵӰһͻȻһշѾõֳס棬ǧѩһŭ˫˲ɨͬɳɨҶ㡰žؾкȺͷеϡϣһʱߵΧһȺۣȴ޷
ǧѩ˫ɨգۼĹȺͷемΪҿһ·һͦסŸŵأżһѾһųǰ˹ȥ
׷ǧѩı˳Ϊҿĵ·ǰ壬ΧЩͷȻҲǿǧѩĿģһһʱ޷ǧѩԶΧ˹
ҸҪ֣ϰȴɱеľѾ۶ϣˣֿȭԸɵЩҵĹͷоɱ
ӣǰ壬Щӱò֡
賯ůůһЦּڿһɱȻǰʱҲݲͣٷֺֻҧֿʼǧѩķ˹ȥ
ͼǧѩһ˫ߵӰһȺͷоܵ治Ϊʮ֮һĵŸ֡
ҲվֻǸŮټԹѵڣĶвԿĵͻȻ䣬ǧѩ˫дӿʱһȺĹͷ׼ʱͻȻᡱһͳǧѩ
ǧѩиջ߳ڶţ֮û㣬ͱǹͷ͵һ±סԼȡ
ǧѩʧɫ˭֪ʱͼǹͷѾ§ſѪڣȻһҧȥ͡һŴǧѩһҽС
ǧѩ
ңǰ壡
ҳȥʱҪµǧѩ͵һѣͽ˳ȥ塰ͨһص˵ϡ
˭֪ۿһȺͷгԼǧѩҧǿϾʹһ˫ֿʼһתһǿ֮ȴѾѪ߰ߡ
ֶӣҹ
ͻȻ䣬֪ʲôʱ嵽ұȹùһקסңקǰһֱײ뱻һȺͷаסǧѩѾԽԽԶ
ùǰ·顢ҽħӸǲ벻زӦңûһĹִҳԶ
˭֪һע⣬һĹͷеצӾѭȹùõĿڴ˹
νԹѵڣ˫Ǯѵ֣Щÿ˶аֻ֣Եֵùһʱ죬͡һǹͷеһֻצӴùķִӹùñܳһػɳʱһѪ֮зɳɵ춼ǡ
ùá
á
ȡ
ʦ
ΧһùУͬһʱ侪ɹùòδᣬӰ΢΢һΣͻȻһŭ͵һŽǹͷ߳ȥʱקҵĸ첲ͳǰ˹һȺ˦˹ȥ
顢ƽ
ùһŭǺ֮СѾȥ
顢ۺᣬȻѾ˲ȥùһѣۿұù˦˳ȥѭҵķ
ۿҾҪ˦ȺǰͻȻ˫ֳצ״ץסһֵֻ˫ָ׺ݺݲԼƤеͬʱһҽУָֻǶƤצ͵һֻһ˫ƤⱻָƷͬʱѪѻΪѪʼ衭
ҧסʹ͵һ˦˫ۣͬһʱĬģñˮֽǷѪҺΪһſѪӣǰЩع˹ȥ
ѪγɵӷɵЩǰͻȻžըһѪЩסͬʱѾûһܵҵı󣬴Ӻһҵĸ첲ǰһܣӭǰһͷн˶žײ˹ȥ
·㡭
顭
ҵӡǸɵСŮ֮սʱȹùõɣ䲻˵ģɿɰһҪСŮȴ֮гʹһ
ΪקңôǽǹͷͬʱڱѪΪۿ·ѱһͷдӺø첲һѻס
צӣһԽסĲӣһס˫ȱߣһԣ˫ͼɵıˮ־ӡק
Ȼֱ̱صڵϣ־ɱãֱڵϺֳӣѪɢʧͬһ㡭
棬ͷһµקǰֱײеʹҲõĿΪȫλ㣬һ
ֻ㵽ˣԼСġ
һŹͷһ˲䣬߬ͻȻһ͵һѾͽ˦˳ȥԼȴתֳȺֲĹٶһŭ𡪡
ʦʦ㣡ˣ
˵Ż鳯Щͺֱײ˹ȥ
ұ˦ЩڵأõڵһţסΣϥڵأǰһͼӡڰеС㣬ɫȴԽԲ԰ףζһӰȴбʹСڣȻͼСǴ֮гͶԼħ֮С
С㣬ҡ
ۿӰԽԽѾ˲ñģվ˵ͳ֮г˹ȥû˵ǰҵѾ̲סץλеС㡭


1016 ϣ
С㡭
ۿ󷨾ǰһҾ룬ȻʱԤ׵أӵȴءһըשʯɳҷɣһӰǰһĵ´˳õסҵǰ·
֮ϸһĲһˣˣ˾ȻһţɽµĻֱײһײڿն׸֮˵Ӱٶȡͨһ˵أҹ
һҹ֮ͻȻͼһ߬һ⡱ͻȻһѹһ˵ϣԷѹ¡
ûһּ̧һĨ⣬͡һʹ̴һ˵ţֱӽ˵嶤˵ϡ
ϸһһȫûԷڵĽ
ˮ
ˡ
ϵĸһЦȻͬѾˣѾ磬Ц

ٺ٣ϹʬҺôҲ½ʹ֮һҪɱң㻹Զء
˵䣬ͼҡҡλεشվܲץȭӡ
ͻȻһֻŲסؿڣ̧ۼ䣬Ŀ⾹ɨ˹ٶֳһ˿Ц⡪
֮ǰǾ˵ǣذɣģҾúÿʲôġ
˵䣬ͻȻһϵıˮְһأ۵쾪ԥһֻŲؿϣ֫ؽƺѱеıˮˣ˺۵ػڵѪ
ۿ˫ֵ߬űˮҪĿڴȥѾģһҪ֮ӭŸҪǰ塣
˭֪ҲŸոճȥԶȴִءһ죬֮һͷһһΣȻһ׹һڿİ
ûǰİ΢΢һΣӿʱͨһ͵˵ϣһֳֻס棬һֻлǽʦӡ
ʦӡΪɽʦ֮ǰһֱΪһͭ䣬ײóʹãʦӡҲѾѪ߰ˣϵİ£Ǵ붼ѪȾͨ졭
ڰ֮һݵӰӵ´ܳغֱضסǰİű塣
ֻűһ첲ѾȫʧȻǱʦӡˣȻԭذϿ˿ʹ
үүҪҡ
ͻȻڣ仰ȴֻűһЦЦͻȻֻΪһŭ𣬺ȻֳŰ˹
ء
ű嵽ǰڽҧٴĶʦӡһλεһűؿȻըһѪֻűһҽУһΡͨһͷ˵ϡ
˭֪ű嵹µͬһʱ䣬ѪܵһеʦӡҲѾˤڵأ絹¡
ף
Ǵɽ¾ͷĵݿڴģȻڵмĿյϺɱ죬ߺȣȴ쳣شǶС
ѭķȥһҡҡҡ׹壬ŽŲ˹
Ѫ˫´һ֣Χͷ̳˹ȥȴŲʣƺȫûмܵ
˭֪ʱĵУͻȻ䴫һֻҪĹﾹŵһϽŶ˼ҽӽˡ
ͼһߴӰӵ˳ͬСɽĿһ֣׷ı̧һקסֻѾȫ̧ۣ͵һ
͡һĲҽѾǿӰһѾϣҽŵĲͬʱһ塭
ͨһ̱ڵأѪӼϱ˿ʳȴˡ
ٿոհĸ첲ˣ죬ʱ߸߾ĸ첲ŸһЦ
ˣҪľⶫɣĪˣϧǼһܣҪץס̻ǸĻ˶
һ߸ߺһ߻еġսƷһֻŸݺ̤ĺϡ
΢΢̧ͷĿƺҵķ촽ȴһ˿ǿƺһһظҡ
졭ܡܡ
ܣü
쵰쵰
һһǴ֮ǰײĵض֮дġ
󣬾ͼһӰᡱһ´Ӷдܳڿնʮ׺һأǺ磬ıϻһϢү
һ˵أŭɨ˽Ųĸһۣжʱ׹⣬ûֱӳŸ˹ȥŤͷ̱ԼϵүʦʦһҪסʦ
Сӡ˵㲻Ҫˡ
үں米£ͻȻĲȫһƺļ̱һΣͨһӺıˤŵúϽĨһᣬת˫ϥزסƹصĶʦ
һ֮£ͼүѪһƬѪˮ˳ؿѪģѪոΪһֱ米ڱϵԵʣѪѾĺȾѪɫ
ӰҪҡ졭ȥȡ˰
ʦ
ˣҪң
үͻȻݺһۣ˵͵һѽ˳ȥû˫һģζһתᡱһ¾Цĸ
Ҫ顭


1017 ң˭Ȳ
צɽһȻ޲óȥһצͽɱ
Ȼٿۿ֧ԼȴһĨȻЦһֻŲϣһ¡
ҪɱңеĿǣɱң
һЦۿźҪ˵ǰͻȻһͭӸϴ

˲䣬ͻȻ佩סȡ֮ģһĨĪػš
ʱ˿ͭȴѾԽŲڶͻȻһΣȻӰСͨһצأǰһ£ҪȻƺͻֱ̱ӵڵƵġ
ˣʲôС
ͼſڵϵĺ΢΢ζƺʱҪƵģ˫˸Ĩ׺ݵĹ⣬Ҳ
ΪʲôΪʲôһһʹΪʲô
ٺ٣ɻǵãԼαɽˮסģ
һЦûȺشֳڣΪسʱʥ˼خ䲻ħһУֻǸ˼ĵ͵û뵽ȴӵųԽڹħ޵ǿԷ⡮ˮԳʥĴ£Ϳ̿ȴŮշӴһֱŮΪūΪ̣һսˮնɱȴκβô֣նϾҺԹ󷨽סϾȫΪϽıϣסķԴ˽ѹڹɽǧ޷롭
ϡϽ
һЦ˵ϽȻɱ㣬ȴܻϵʹֻأͬһֻתҲµıǨϲѭͬһӤ׶οʼȥΪϹ䷸µʹвʹ೥˭֪ëСˮȻ⿪ϹҺϾӳϵķӡڼսе´ϵϽ׹䶴УʹӳɽָֻԭΣΪ˶Ը㣬רڹɽˮѰϽ壬ٺ٣ֻҪһڣ㶼ķѹ
˵һ̧֣ͼнһΣɢ֮󣬹ȻƾճһŽ
Ÿһ֣̱ڵʹͼһ˸˲˺壬ûȺȻԼӸ˳ȥಡһײ˺ϣžͼĩβͻȻ̳ɫĴһһҡۡһ͹ᴩ˺ıǿףʵʵıϡ
ҲҪҲҪ
ٺ٣ҪҪɲԼ˵ġ
ۿź۵ڵϴȻƴȥȥקקñѪȾ˴ȴק
ʱЦ˵ûõģǵϾȫɵĻרΪٺ٣ı£ҲӲⷨ䣡ԭΪֻҪڣԶ֧쵰СӸ︮ЩҲνȴû뵽쵰ȻָԽԽǿٲջˮѹٺ٣һԺշصˮԳʥˡ
˶ҡҡ
ƴشȻһһƺԽֻ̱̱ܺڵϣǺУȻûãȴѾֻʣ˴ϢʣƺǴڱѪѾߡ
ˡˡ
ЦЦų˹ңûǿҵʧܣȻѾЩˣԺ֮УһƬհס
ǰˡ
ͻȻ䣬ֻһЦԴѭȥǶеѾСĻ˳Լա
С㡭
һŻȻ봳Уȴһ˻𣺡ͣ£ڶһɱ
ٴθ߸߾еıˮ׼Ŀڡ
Ҿˡ
ֵ֡ܡȡСȥҡ
Ѿ޷вŷ΢ŸͶȥӵĿ⡭
㡭ɱΣôɱȫҡ
ǲģһȥǴūɡ
Ц䣬˫ֽ߬ˮ͡һʹ̴Ŀڣһ˲䣬һź̴ըɢƮܣȻûãҹʧٿ磬Ѿ
硭硭
дת˰ˮ̲סѾûʱһ˻תͷͳн޳ġС
С㣬ҲҪȳֻһ˿һϣ
ģ˭Ȳˣ㲻ҰڲڲȥĿܶѣؼųʧߣ
űŭһŮ˵ĲҽͻȻҵĶУһ˲ҼˣҪͷϰֵ˻ȴӱ
ͷʹɱģӦġҵĺöӡ֡һӶΪ㽾
֪ϰ˵ʲôһ֣ȴûü˵ȡ֮ǡͨһһ׳塢һһĸߴȻ¡
ģ㵹ǻͷѽܾȵ˭ٺ٣㲻Ǹͷβʧߣ
ڿЦҲڿЦҵġԣļ̌ͷǰС㡭
ǰ˭ȲˣǵıƵóѡ
һǰȥСĸ첲˭뵽ҼץС첲һ˲䣬ȴСһתȰҵָ߬ס


1018 ѵ
ۿС͵һקסҵĸ첲ȫûκ׼ɵһ
˭֪ûתȴСŤͷʱϣȴѸֳһضյЦݡ
ˡջһ
СǹţͻȻ֮䣬Ҿ;߬ס͵һȣһɫѪ˳žͳҵļ˹ȥͬһϸСĺߡ
СС㡭
ѲС㣬ħѳɹ
Сٶȴһ󡰿Ц
ٺٺ٣֮Թֻͣ껯ǳˡ
˵Сһ䣬ͻȻסҵţһ˲Ҿ;һͨһ͵ϥ˵ϡ
ʱȴڶ治ԶѿЦ˹ֱЦСȥ
ۿžҪײСʱ˵Ƥȴ𽥲ӦˣȴںΪһ
ۿСҪںϵһʱͼŤϣͻȻֳϣС޵شд
ȶ̵ġȶ̵ġҡ
СС㡭
һȴʹκεͬһ̯Ƶȫ𣬶ʱѾȫ϶ΪһġѾΪСģü֮䣬һŻɫԾȻϣĿѱøر䡭
ٺ٣ԭΪħָо
СͻȻɿҵ󣬿һȫʹκεΧһҽɱУȴȫ޼¡
ģ滹ҵУ˵òȷʵǸͷβʧߣȫ;
󡭡㡭С
Ҳûãħȫͣ˵ʲôûãֻԹԵͺá
˵ŻСͻȻϥһ֣һѾסҵĲӣҵĺضס
㲻ͷǲǣҰ㣬Ҫúÿܵεҡ
˵ŻСЦһšҵͷҵƵб󷽣⡱һ˲ľصѪǻڽŵɱʹ
ǰǸʧߣΪԼһߵ߸ۼһȺסĺֵܣ︮ΪҳȻ񡭡ʲôûˡԭڵңͻǸÿһǧʵĵͼҹһȫ;һǴңǸ
ʱͻȻ¡һ죬ǾǴԶҡ
ѭԶȥµǰ浲۵ļɽ£һ۾ǵƻԻ͵
УѾȫû֮ǰǻԻ뷱ȡ֮ģǱصķʬ谵ĵƹһ֮䣬⣬ͬһͷβĹǡ
ĵطƺĵλãɵģҿȴܿߵĽҲ֮ǰΪص̳żԶķ棬ݡ
ͼһ桰ϡﻩ£Χڻһһը졭
һ˲䣬ٶȡˡһһƬհףͻȻ֮ǰֶүխZ۵Ļ
ǵ뿪֮ǰ˵749Ϊص̳ѳһЩƵͼĶһֻĵͼϣ̳ΧһʲݵغȦЩȦǵλã⵽ڻĵص㣬ЩڻͲ޹ģǰһĹɰͰ࡭
ѵ˵
ѵ˵ڻԭ򡭡
ͼǵԽԽأͬ𣬸ͬɽѣܿĵĵݳһ޴ĿӶ
̳һߣ֮ͬǰƵƵڻλãִһ죬һͬĺڶӵķ¶˳ʼݡ
ҴʧɫʱȴĿЦִӱ
ɹˡڳɹ꣬Ѱ˲ɽ
㡭㵽Ҫʲô
ͬѾİ̱ڵϣݺݵسŸ
һЦûֱӴ𻰣ǽ̧̯ƣ֮н˸Ȼ𽥻ΪһƯ֮ڵͭӣϸһǵۺĴöߵǿ顭
ϸһͭӱĽϣǶĿƬҲ֪ǵ۷ڴнĿ顭
ԿףҵϣֻҪҽԿסٺ٣ĹĴУѱԹѵĽǣͽ䡭
˵ʲô˵Ѿˡ
ʧɫҲѾ׾סȴЦ赭д˵˵ЩһֱԲͬݻ˼䣬¶ɫ749507׹Լ︮ǰ·ߣΪʲô
û˻ش𡭡
ͻȻſ˫ۣȻڲݡһƬĺڶ۵̰
Ϊһ̣ǿ֪ΪδĻǵؽΪȥõ֮ء
㣬Ϊ˻ѽǡ
үڵϣԭĿģǣҪ˼Թܸġ԰ɡ
үȻǸˣϧ׵Ѿ̫ˣ
Ц
ʲôǱ˼Թ޵ľۼ壬֮أ˻⣬˳ħݣұǽӵж˿ڵĳУΪѽǵĴ̳ҪýغСǵԹͰ֮бѣ䣬ݻһС
⣬ʲôôǵĳԤô罫޿ɾҩ㣬ͬˡ
ٺٺ٣ұͲ֮ˣԼȡ
Ц䣬ֳ̧ѾһƬľ޴ڶһָֺܼأ˼֮´һң˼֮ͨͨڹɽ칬ػҵĹ磡ٺ٣ϵ౳ǹ忪ʼѾ޿ɾҩעõˣЩСӦ콵Ĵ٣췣ݻһС
ҡҲסȻ࣬ΪεҪӮħ֮սΪλҪԼֵͬܽãɱ
Ϊҡ
˵һ룬ͻȻоǰδеˡ
ΪǸɵӡʱֺγһŶһ˿ϣϣùƽȻŬЩ߸ϵħȴ࣬ЩΪЧĵˣֻܾ֮ƽ⣬ֻϣõո粻ƻգԭ߸޷ģվǿжһȴ⵽ıѡ
ԭ㲻ҲǸ䡭
ǰ䣡ħ֮սֻ֪֮ǻ쵰ǱصӴܣֺγֶһάĹʲô


1019 
Խ˵ԽԾѾۿͨ졪
Ϊ硢ΪЩ࣬еһУҵõʲôֻһѪܵĽ
˵ŻٶȻζ˸ıˮֽҧصۺˮǵնͳߡƵ۵彣߸ϵûƵ彣˷ͳ˼䣬Ȼ֮ˮȴ˴ǱСУˮ͸ңиΪ硢ΪսҾɵĸм㣬Դ˼縺˴Уȴ뵽ŵԣϧͬΪӮս֮ȴ⽣̴ҵ࡭
˵⣬ͻȻ͵һ˫ۣʱ˵ط¡һѿ˺Ƭ¶ǵǰ
Ҿһ£Ȼû࣬ԭڵĵطֻһѪܵء˰ëѪ
Ȼǵãڴ߲鿴ħʬȴƭҵıˮҪɱֽҵʬ壬ǳʬϡ
ǣǡ
Ҹ󣬾ûԵɺӳߣ׹ɽ֮УţڹĽȾ֮´ұԴͨ뿪ҵ磬ǣȴû뵽ԭν칬֮ŲǵڣҪ˼񾳣ԭνɽǵ꽫ͬһΨһ·ŽԭƷҰģǴ˴ۺʹʱڿʼģѾҪϵĴħͳͳ
˵ʱһӾĶǵؾĴǾ촫ȫѭ˹ȥͼֺ̳Ѿ𽥿ʼݣϸһ̳Χĵ棬Ѿ󲿷ݳ˺ں޵д󶴡
ǱǾפصָܲ︮ռ죬Լ֮ء
ۿǸ¥Ҫ̮Ҳ֪¥滹жԼֵܣԼ̳ѵûüѣѾɲȥôˣ¡һ¥Ѿ̮ưܵһͷ˲޵кڶ֮Уû˶
ʱ˿ٿĵλѾȫ̮һڻݵ޵׺ڶһƬ۳һ޴ĺڶ
̳̮֮вû˻ƽͻȻ䣬ǱԹŵġǡʼǵĽ£ѿʼɪɪ
ˡ
ٶȿЦǰɱС㣬ҲѾ㵸
ǺڶмλãͼһССġĶӺڶ֮ͬһ׶ӡ
׶ԽԽ֣ԽԽ֣ϸһһͦɽ塭
ɽƶˣּɽѴӺڶƼ䣬ڵҹɫ֮У췱ȫĿƿˡ
емλãȻôԤ׵أһɽ
ɽڻˡ
ٶȿЦſڣ꣬׵ɽƵܶĲ䣬¹֮սնɱħȣԴһͳأչİţΪͳߡ׵Ȣˮ֮Ů@׾Ůޣ׾ڲڲϷڼ䣬׻ƴһֱڰгﻮҪǵͳƷȡ˼ı׵һһֱʱıѾõսڱ׻ƺṲƵۺٽȨ֮ڲɽһս׻Ȫ֮Ұ֮󣬱һսһսذ˹۾ǳսֻǡūɱȴû뵽һжֻ׻ѾЭ̺õı׵ۺṲս֮вϧŭײɽԴ˶Ͼͬ˼ͨЩδӦϹħ񾳳׶Ͼϵʱ˶Ϊǲһ⣬˭뵽ֻħɱ˼̵ѡ
˵˵еˮ񹲹ײϲΪսܺһʱߣǡı
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˵ŻͻȻһ֣ƯŵͭӾȻһŽֱǸƵġ֮С
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⻰ҵһսս˵˵Щ취ǡǿ칬֮ŵԿף
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СĬһ֮󣬲үſ˿ڡ
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ٺ٣˵ûôǸħǿ֮˰ɣ
Ц˵ȱͲһˣһϹŵϹ䣬Ůܾ壬ŮڵĹֹԼ书Ѫ֮һԭôžɨƽû뵽ȴ¹֮սһͿأϧڣֵõһµĻᣬҡһС


1020 ·
˵ʱǻΪâͭҲѾ˵˴ӳ𡢸ƵĲɽǰҹ֮Уͬ׹ķһɽ۳һ䣬Ϊ⣬

âɢΪǹըɢ˲䣬һźѴɽըɢͬһƬƬɫĻ
˵ɽƣҵڵϡ￴һɫֵģǵһμ֮ǰ붼󡭡
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˵Żһ̧֣쾹ؽץеѪܵĸ첲
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˵üСѲѲվЩصСٺٺ٣עѲҪˡңһ̡
˵۰γѪܵıˮէ֣ѵһγ󷭵

˺ѷεؾУȴԼƵģˣվ
絹µİӦѪͶһĨЦЦݣůůġ

ү̱ڵϵҲ˻ͨһأҲˣүʼǰУѪģڵϵȫڵϣĿն̲סݺᡭ
ۿŰǰ룬Ӧû˻ǸӵʹİɣϾȫȫչ˶ʮĺӡ
һ̣ˣ˶ʮʦϣʹ𡭡

ߣźӿ߰Ҫ뿪Ϳ뿪СδǴ󣡡
硭ҡˡ
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үڰʬϣޣһ˲䣬·ѱ֮ǰҪ࡭
ôҲȲ
һ߹ȥĵүڵأ
ָүүȴݺݵ˿ûжҡȻʱͼǼֳҵķת˹
𼱣ҽѲСӣٺúõ桭
˵ŻظѳҼֱ˹
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ĴȴһֻƺֵĶԱקסң͵һֱһ֮У»Ǳֻ֡ƴǰС
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Ȼڱŭ𣬲ͣקǰӰȴشҵּǰ
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ǧ꣬ȴ㲻Ļ𣡴ѶҾͲ㻹ܰȻµļͷڹ꣡
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Σǳ׽˰ɡ
ƴȫקɽеһɨһۣͬˣһ˶̱ڵأشϢ
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Ҳ֪Ĭ˶ãų˹ɨһʣСǸôȻ¼ûκηΪʤϣܾܲԴȥɣҪȻǡ

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˵ɨҵ֮ǰСһסϣ綼ѻΪڵߣ˳ҵֱ䶯š
ϵãûý⣬㡭ˡ
ûٶ˵ӭŶĺգһȳһյ򶴿ڡ
ǱסˣúӰɡų򡭡
Ҿڶûشˮģ˫ۡ
ʧȥһУһж˵ѲҪˡ


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1022 ڰ
˵ҳʱ콵꣬ҼȦˣȻϻ¡໽СҰԺ׷ܣˣ͸˸ֽС׷˵м塣
ҾǸ׷һִͨɷ٣ʮꡣ
֮ս׹󻤽ޡͷߡ񡱱ϷձϷ˴꣬ݳڣħ硱︮ʿ׹̡һʻ㿪ʼ¶ǵǰӳǵǧĺгԴ˱ƣһֱںڰеĿ֮սԴ˸ˮ棬ǧǰѾʼ˵սʽرĻ
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֮սɽ˼䣬ӡƳһеǲòϣ׹̡︮˵ħ磬Դû䡣
˭޷ֹĻ𣬾˭޷ֹǵĻع飬ԼɽħŮ洼ƻĸһ㣬һ춨ٵǰ˭ֻܵ
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ȻվҪҲֻ̹Ȼܡ
֮սһڣǰδеĿֲйҡоͼ⺧ŵ¼ѹȥȻǱڻķϵġǡеĽʬѳΧʼ˷ǸơŹ˼ġɽҲȻڳзϿգЩʵģ˭޷ڸǡ
еĳУеĹҶΪֵĻ̻̣˵۱ʹƷĩյĴ˵ʼȫÿڽ̡֯ʼû˷ˣˡɽХһҲ޷赲ϯ磬˶Դ˾
Ҳûǰˣûɵأ֮俪ʼһɽɢĺ֣ԹкµİڵԹ˽ǣֽԹɢÿһ֮С
ԹǱøӵľбѪȡʹ࣬ԴӣӵñȽʬȾٶȻҪ졣
ˣһĪѪζŻ
˵ɽڵԼսΪһƬ֮أ˵ǡ֮ءӦ˵һƬ֮أоͼɱɽУɽЩȫ¶ǰĲѧĶлԵĴʧܣǲսʿǣûһ뿪ñȴеġĽޡҪӵĿֲ
ξ´ʧ֮ƺٷҲʼˣķҥԸǻͷڣɢľҲάֵطķٺ;İҵֻЩϰһʼؽϣ漣ĳ֡
ȼ漣֮ǣѾϨ˹

һ˵ΪѺԤ׵ͻȻ٣СʼӿֳĳħʿеֺҪˮе߶߶˵ܶԴ˽ѣȻƭ֮׼ȷ˵Ӧô󲿷ֶЩΨ²ҵС˰ɡ
Ҳ֣ϧѾʲôֹˡ

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֮ǰСۣ֪߬ģڵҵֱɢֱ۶ʼõһû֪ήͬзĲƵģǰסزʹκε
һͬˣû֪޷жֻûõķһ㣬󣬽ŵһûҪĹȣŲǰС
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֮սۣ֮һ˺ѷεزҽŭһɽѪһµӰղܣֹסʡ

Ҽηؿ޺ŴֹУˣ˯ˣͳͰڽֱߵĲиʣϿʼôۣȴ۲ͷľʹ࡭
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ÿα򣬱ŰǵĿЦͷ֮УҶľɵع򵹣һ˿ҲϽŶԷϼͷȻſΪô˵úĳ죬ġ
ֻǸǣŹҰɡ
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ɤӶ˻ˣͣ£Ѵڵõ壬ײײںҹУʳ
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ҹԶûеݣҪӵֲ
죡ܣʬʬˡ
ԽԽһ˺ѷεزҽС
˵ĽʬѾܱ֣߳û뵽ô졣
ֻɵЦһ£һУѲҪңЩʬЩʬɱġʳɱ


1023 ĩħ
ʬģԶЩԷɵĳӵԤҪ졣
·£ҿЩǹеɫͨڷرӣмֻʬ׷š
ЩǴδ֮ս֮ǰδ뵽ʵڵǴòһ
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Сܡ
ʬ˵ڵϵ׳ͻȻʼغ˫۵ɵϴ󣬵ǳԼŮˡ
Ů˫ּѵʯͷһǰ壬һ߿޺Ϲסˣˣ
ӰӰ
ջƬ֮ΪһزҽУһӰȻԱߵҹĻ´˳ͬʳԱƵģһھ͵סŮ˰׾ĲӣŮŵʯͷžડһ˵أԲ۾ȴȫû˶Ѿǽʬһҧϡ

׳ø뿪ˣԼĶӶѾһֻʬ÷ָץ˺ѣȴȫȻˣѪܵץŵ棬һһڳԵŮŲ塭
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˵꣬һŮͻȻɨһۣƲֳ֮Ǻ˵մʦô죿ǵֵܴ̽иһʬķƽʮֻǵƾǼֹ˰
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˵䣬ŮԶƴ̻ʣϾ
Ц˵˵Ҳֵ֪ĵˣƾǣܶӶ֡Ҳû취£ϾΪ︮ˣԳħΪΡ֮⣬𣿡
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վ֣żŮǰߣͻȻͷҲص˵
ǵС㶼ذ԰棬ǰ궼߲·ϸӼӣձٷˣ滹ҪˮǺǣձҲˣ⼦պϳ԰ɡ֪㾭ʲô˲糹ױٵǰúõĻţȻˣ͹ˡʦңһ


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ޱûлش𣬲֪ûҵĻǺԼŮͳǰĺҹȥǸڳޱԱߵǸʮŮˣһֱƵƵͷҺش
Щʬɵ֮ΧֱþĵģʱŮ˳мλõĳޱʵޱѵ︮Ѿʧһµĸ
ޱɨһۣûлشŮٶȾʣȻΪʲôߣ
ûõģ㿴ӣǻߵ𣿡
ޱһЦҡҡͷ˵ʵ֪һµʱ䣬Ȼ︮ѾˣǵһֱѰ䣬ҵֹ֮۲죬վȥΪѾǵСˡҲֲһǰһսܵĴ޷ģʹ࡭
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󣬱ٿˣѵ㻹ָţǷ
ޱͻȻȻֹ͵һͷŭָңȦͨ˵ˣܵģ︮Ѿڣħ綼Ѿ߽⣬ǵֵܽöˣϵɣҲ޷ʤˡ
ޱ㣬Ƿ𣿡
㻹𣿡
ޱĨĨᣬֿЦ˵Ǳ˭ǻڵȥֹЩʬ˺ƽҲνѣҲò˶ãҲ֮أǲҪʲôҪĲǷΪʤ֮ǰϵսѾ㹻ˡ
ⲻ
ŮͻȻһתͷֳҵķ˹ޱ߼˶סϽҪʲô
Ů˸ǣ嵽ҵԣʱͨһݵڵأңʧѾ˵ϴϸ򡭡
Ů˳ұȭй񣬵۾˵ʦڡ֧ɽۡɡҵĿɶʦǡǧֵ˾ңμ︮
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һսȻֵеСʿûȨμӣǵҲѾ˵ˣ֪黻κ˶ǽܲ˵ʹ࣬︮ĸĻվɣҪ㣬Ҫȥ
ŮɫضңĿϿңʵ˵ţȻ⻰ȴû˵꣬ͻȻͼһ޵ذ׹⡰ৡһŮ˵ıһͬһʱ䣬ۡһĲͻȻֳһͬնѪۣѪ۵ĳ֣Ѫ˳ź͵˳һŵҽſʼˡ
ʱŮ˵ԴѾžડһڵأҲҵķ
ʵӾЩͷǾģƭ˵ģ˵ͷ­ӲͲġ
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Ǻһŭ𣬶ޱǵһʱ佫Ҵӵϸקһұڵĺͬƣһ߾죡
ұŵûһѪǻŵػֹסض㵽˱һͰĺ棬ŰԴصͰĺ棬ŵʡ
˭ǣҳ
˵Żޱ̧ͷɨգ˫ӥһ˫۾Ȼһ㰵ذ׹⣬ͻȻĿ˶һϣָۣܵķһŭ𣺡ڸ԰ɣܿü㣬ֵĸҹ˵
ޱʱ˵Ŀⶼָķ˹ȥҲ̲סͰķ϶͵͵Ƿ򿴣ɷϣʲôûС
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ǵãף̫ӳ٣Ǵlɽʼַ硣һԻһԻһԻ񡭡
˵ʱɫԽѿɨһ˵ԭǻףڵãҼǵϴ˵׹̸ĵһȷʵôһμӹ֮սǵ¹֮սʱһĲսߡ
һǸ񣬹ƲöԸԼСģ
˵Żޱһеľһͳ̫ӳٱƽ˹ȥǺԼ⼸Ů󣬿̫ӳٵͬʱͻȻɢ̫ӳΧмλá


1025 ͽ
ǣϣҲ뺳Щūţǲ֪
̫ӳЦ˵ʱż»ңͻȻָ͵һѣˡһһͻȻͼĸӰ˳ޱˡΧı
ĸӰһأ̿ʼȺΧ̫ӳٵŮŮ𹥻ͼ˵嶯ЩӲȴǽʬֻΪǻȽʬҪѸݵö࡭
ʱޱսһСģЩ׹ڹɽı콩ʬ˿϶Ǳɱġ
ֻޱ˵ĹͬѾʬ˵ڵأ˲Ѫȵ˺ӣûվѱץóãЩԹɽĽʬ̫ˡ
ޱȻףڵʵҪԸЩʬԼûֵ̫ӳ٣ǲܵ飬ԽԽΣգޱϽһմʦΪƺһֵǳȥ
ޱ㣡
ңһһ
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ŭ˸Ĵһͳųޱ˹ȥԳޱſ˫ۣԼΪ˱ڳޱǰĶƣ˲ۡһż׹Ǻеĺ󱳣
һҽУ߬ȭͷԼļ⣬Ųֱӱǰ׹һΪȻնס˰׹Ϯ̫ӳѴӺһ˹ֽһ˸̱ߵڵһҹſѪû˶
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̫ӳٳûһǰе٣͵һ¾˳ޱϣۡһޱһѪֱֱ̫ӳҳʮԶͨһ˾Զĵط
ʹಢ£ħҲ£ʹĶħҲĶȫġ
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ƾ㣿䣡
˵̫ӳٶȸ٣է֣մʦٶȵأǰҲն˼ɼǵ˺ۡ
ʱ̫ӳȴ˹Ц˵ոǵĻҿɶˣǸ︮ĸǣôʱһֱҲ㣬ԭһֱһֵطǿЦǸ߹ˣ㲻Ǹûõķ˶ѣֺξ֮
һнΪãһСΪѡľزţƵ
ͻȻޱѾħˣʲô︮ĸߣ
ߣ̫ӻҪץȥأ񲻿ϧ
̫ӳһЦ˵Ťͷɨ˳ޱһۣͼޱץסĽͼֹұƽ
𣬱ʦѲħˣŹɡ㣬ѾʧȥһУѾʹ࣬ɡ
ޱȴվûˣմʦһԣҲͼӣȴʧܸա
綼Ҫˣٻʲôأ
̫ӳһ߿ޱ֣Ц˵ҿɲʲôҵȥҵ񣬾ڲħˣкθɣٺ٣㲻뿴ǲǣǺѽҾɱ㣬㲻Ϳˣ
˵Ż̫ӳͻȻ˫־ǹ٣׼ޱԴȥ
ء
һ죬ѪĽ
ΥĺɫնúͮͮģŴ̫ӳؿӿѪ⣬еҲѾըһƬ׷ɡ
Ҫɱͽܣʹû


1026 
ʦʦ

ۿǿͰΡΡվ˶סҲ̫ӳ١
ôܡ
̫ӳͻȻһԾһⲻܣ˵Ѿ˹䣬ͬһˣôܻʹ
˵Ĺ̫ӳڵͷɨһϱ͵ϮѪͻȻתΪЦݵ˵ǿϧո͵Ϯûܽһɱٺ٣ɱҿɲס
˵ȣ
ҳʣҿĴ˵μӹ¹֮սͳ˧ȣˣ԰ɣ
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ǾͶˣҲ֪Щ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ұɱ㣬ϾΪ߸Ĺ֮һɱ㣬һǡȵע⣬ҲֻԼǰȻҪɱҵͽܣ̲ˡ
һ˵ţһһԼĹϾѾﲡһ̫ˣһʹ
ޱͿմʦѾɵۣԲ۾ңޱͻȻʡ
ʦʦʦôᡭ
ħȷʵ˶䣬ĶȷʵúܣҪסҵȫҲûô򵥡
⣬ôܣղ
ӣؤ
ҳųޱһЦˡ
ҵԭ򣬱ǸҸոûг־ǵˣϾ¡Ҫġ
ҲޱδĮݵ̬˵꣬һ˲侹ֱסȻʱ̫ӳһŭ𣬴ֻɽʬͳ˹
ָ΢΢һΣû̫ӳǰԶǰըѪУƫλãͻȻִءһһ˲ըɢ
̫ӳ͵ؾסͷɨһԼ壬Ȼ̧ͷҺ㣬ҵ˿𣿡
Ȼˡ
һҡѾճһͷһ߳΢΢һЦ˵Ϲȷʵ߸ϣڵǣҲйǲǱŮ洼ƻһܣֻҪĿڵĽľ֮ըǱɡ
㡭ոǹҵĻ
ҿûףԼ˵ġ
˵һ˦ּ֣ʮըһ˲̫ͬӳֻʬȫȻء
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Һܺðֻһ֣ҪϢһʱˡ
ǿһ˿ЦݣŤͷͬ㵵ؿմʦ̾˿˵ҲǵǼֵսӦûҰɣţҲǲֻ֣ǡ
ֻʲôֻǣֻ̰ǣȴǲǣ
մʦȻݺݵһֺۣ֮ǰΪλʦȷʵһֱгɼһֱôҲǹĺӣȴû뵽㾹ȻǸ̰֮ǣαػҪȳޱأֻܼһӲдˣ
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˼£ҴӿץһֻΡΡ˳ޱ˵ޱվվˣ鷳Ҵ绰
򣬴绰ʲô绰ޱָй绰ժժëʡ
ĵ绰
ңҵģ
ޱһ㶣زͨԼĺ룬ܿ죬Լĵ绰
ޱͳԼĵ绰һ˲侪ס
㡭ϴ󡭡
һڣմʦҲ˲䵹һϽޱĵ绰һͼעһ1֡1ͷĿ
֮սһв˼Ķ˲չѰ˵ǰȻһƬֻš
صľʼϣͼֹĩյĵȻԵɣǿҵĿֻ֮ѾϾ˼˲ֵҵؿʼɱڷӦõ749ҲʼͼĨɱ︮ħ硣
︮Ѳڣħǲǰʧܣ˽һɢɳ¾ۼڸطһµСħ֯
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ýŸҵ棬մʦһ
£
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ʦʦңҲ̫˼
ǺǣҼ˵ɣеħ磬Ѿһɢɳ˶԰ɣ︮Ѿûˣͼ˸ΪһС֯ڸغаħԿʵ𣿲ǣǼŷûУϷɣֻҪڵǣ߾ͿԣֻҪʵݲһֻܷһ֧֧֧֧ڻ¡
ˣ
ޱȻ򣬲ϵƲڼ︮ûʧԲԣԼڸسһԿаħ֯ǵķݣǣǣߵˣ
Цˡ
ǰݣɱά˹ʼҾһҪɴ£äĿʴȣʱǱһ㣬ӦԱǸݶĵˣĲó־㣬һĺһдۡ
ʦΪʲô
ΪŷݵˡǵĽ¡ս︮ܲڣҪﷴ̫ӳٵɻĹ񡭡롭ǵķƻǰˡ
㡭塭
ٺ٣Щ˵Ȱϵǻܲ˵ɡ


1027 
ɢ˰ɡѣɽħѸħҲѾͣܵѽڿɺˣ㶼ѾħľϹħ䡭
ɽվڶڴңһЦ
ϵãûý⣬㡭ˡ
ۿճһ̾ϢͷؿʼŶߣٿһۡ
ǱסˣúӰɡų򡭡
ͷصسЦңңֻڶУŲˮžؿʼۿµ䡭

̲סһû˵ȴһʱͣ½Ųͣ˶ǰ
ҡҲġ
˵ŻǾʹǺˮһкǧֹֹסˣſڵϣΪе׹̵䣬ȴȭͷݺ淢йʹˡ
ȻһĶսҵ壬̧ͷɨһۣѾ˹ҵߣһֻӽ§סû˵ֻǳҲꡱһ
СΪҸ˼乶Ӳдô꣬ΪĿɲôǡʲô취ء
Ĩᣬǰδеί
Ȼģβƴһ
ȻһһسʱһȴĶﴫ˳
ϲһ仰ƤܶһǿЦǳͷβʧ𣿼ȻˣǺβյһսһ
㣬˭
ȻԼĶﴫ˳ҶʱʧɫȻʱȴһź̴ڵĶѨ֮ըɢһ˫۾ĺ¶һβںֵذڶš
㲻ǵʱõѡ
֮Уٶȿڣͼ괫飬Ⱥݻ֮½磬׺ͼ̫̫ɰԣΪ֮滮־ݣ֮Ӯ֮սһУΪֹ֮ҸռֹΪֽΪﳼ
ϹӻƺӸˮ
Ҵʧɫ־ǣΪʲô˵ѣѵ
˭ҪҪǣԸǧ֮սһأԸһ֮
ҡԸ⡭

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ȥˣҡ
ҵϣֻе׹̵ħȷʵһĥ
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ޱͿմʦһʱһ󾪺ԱߴСĵô°¿ˣ
ѭķһ˹ճ嵽ߣֺǵķƻû׼ƣڰЩ񶼸ᵼǹһ֪֪
ƲƲ죬ɨεسޱһ֮󣬳ЦЦ˵ʵڱǸ̲סˡΪ˴֣ҿԼڶ⣬ЩҲʶħǡǳޱҵͽѽ
˵ޱҲϽʼͷǸһۣҲû˵̾˿ʣôĵʽˣ
ҡҡͷԾصͷ
Ĭ֮̾˿˵˵᲻ǻСƭң©ʲô
Ϊʲôô˵ʡ
һش˵ǵûСƻɢ֮ʣȷʵҵԺһμ䣬Ҷʽĵʽϰã˵Ϊʽǿһʽϰãǰʽȫ޷ƥеģϰΨһ;ȴҪΪʹ飬̫ˡ
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̾˿Ĭ
ʽʽΪ︮ʼˡѩȡҶƥС
СƼʱΪ޶۵Ĺϵȴֻ̻ǰʽ׼ȷ˵ǰʽʽҲֻǶһᣬֱҶûȫգڵʽʽʱСȴ֮սлɢˣ֮ǰֻңһҪ֮Լ򣬸Ϊʹ飬ͻļޣضν֮أǺεأνˡʹ飬ֵ׸θأ
һƬհס
ϡǵûСξǰµһ仰ʽ֮ǿأ˭ԹɽȺħҵʵСͬһ㣬Ҫ㷭ƴһսʽұҪġ
硢СƼסƾ񣬶󡭡
䡣
䣬䡣
⴫˵Ҷƽħع׸ͻأ
һã


1028 ֮
һµʱ䣬ҷ񣬶䣬ʹ࣬Gʹޣеľװģֻһ֮ǰѾȫʧȥһУ֮սһҵĻ桢һζʹ಻Ļ䣬ȫἰ𣬵ġʽȴұĻһУһһģأ޵ʹ֮ǻ
ֻֻЩҵۿѲʪ
˼ͻȻ˵СҲ̫Щ֪ܾίվΪ˴룬ܳɹͷ
˵ųҺٺһЦޱϽֲԵʣʦǵڸʲô⣬ﵽô£
ٺ٣ޱʵǱǸȷʵ̫࣬Ǹɡ
˵תߣܹߣϽСزס˶˵ĳޱմʦһ·ǰС
һǰߣһ˵ޱ㲻ҪǣҲ֮١ҲˣԴһս֮󣬱ϵ︮ѾײˣЩٺԱ֮⣬ǵĴɲˣһֲܷ︮Źⲻ֪ͨǡ
Ϊʲô
ޱ꣬Ҵɺܼ򵥣խZЩˣ︮һսȻҴ˼ܣ֮ܵѰǵ䣬͵͵ٹ۲ǡڸؼһСķ֯Կаħ⵹ãϾЩСɫɲǣһҲܱǵЩ︮ɲͻȻ۵һ𣬸ضɣĻǵӶùҲΪҲŲװɵȹһµʱ䣬︮ϵĸʧ٣һ겻񣬵û׼÷֮ǰҾٴγ˵ǰ︮Ļɡ
˵һЦ˿ϰõ·ЩΡ
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һŵ룬һͷҲصض˵︮ĵʵ򣬹ϵƻǷ˳Уǵļƻ׼֮ǰﱻݻ٣һжˡ
˵ŵϴһŮ
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һ̾ϢĻ֮дҽʣǰôˣ
ЩѶȣ˵ӳЧҵͣעУȷʵԴ߻аƽŮ洷ӡ»ҪһʱС
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˵ʱǡͷȫ¶ǵǰǲһȴһƥͷβġ
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Ҹ˸ͷֻͷŻŲѵسޱͿմʦЦ˵˳ΪΪǴ˵бͼ׸̫ʹ֮⣬ҽħϵ棬˵Ҷýһء
˵꣬ЦǿĻְ˰ͷ˵꣬ῪЦôأ


1029 һ
˵꣬ȴЦ˵ͱǫˣϾе꣬ڿǽħĴСѽ˭Ͷ̥ת˸ɽħأýһڲŶԡ
Ĭһ£ҡͷԵ˵˵ħȷʵǸʷƾõĴˣǵõ¹֮սʱħ仹δѾ׻ƲµһСˣĺᴫˣ״ѱ֮
˵ʷ֮ǰѾ˵ˣŮ˾壬ȷʵǽħϵԶʦ档
ħ屾ΪһС壬ͷΪͼڱǹ״ѱ֮ܣϹ湦ʱħ廹ûʽ
˴λʱڣħ崫Ϊһ֮֮սУЭѱϹŶޣֽ󹦣˱˴۴͡ӮգԵط
ʷݱ䣬ӮֳַΪħ洫Ѫս䣬·ҡսҲݣϹħޣǽħ˿ʼרѵƥΪʱսжƥҪܴ˽ħѱƳ磬˸ŰݽüҴѱ֮ԹƽģսˣҲսʱǽħΪҲйһλ峤ˡ
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ԹħԹšéħռݵĸɽéɽһһɽʦΣΪʦұۡ
˽ëСִéɽʱˡéֱ𽥴Ϊˡëָħ塪䡢ϷéɽʦëСһƺһֱ˶ʮǰɽʱ
һϾΪ˰ȫ룬ҲûعؼΣΥ˼䣬Ͻʣ㵽׻Ҫãܽӡİͷųͨ쳹أе׹ϹŶ䣬ֻܽ⿪ˡ
һʣ̾˿˵ЩһֱƤϢָɣֽ˵ٸµʱ䡭
£ⲻܣ
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Уûиݣ̫ðˡ
ٲðգðˣǶҳȥ
ҪͼֹңԵһŭȻϵȷʵ̫ǿֻһҲˤڵء
һֻֽ߬ӣһֻӳס壬۳һ塭
Ϊ˾ȳޱѾɱ˸̫ӳ٣ħ᲻֪û׼Ѿټ߸Ϲˣģƴˣ
˵䣬͵һŭ𣬰źֻءһһѪɫۿɼ˳ҵĸ첲ͳǰϹ˹ȥ
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Сס֣
УĻˣܳɹӳ嶯һΰɣ
Ầġǿͷʹܳܡ
⻰ڣҲŤͷȥøѿ촽ǿֳһĨʹ΢Ц
һЦҾɵ˰ǰģ
һս֮ϣĿʹ໭һпʼƴһÿһҹƵġ


1030 ɷλ
ҿˣ֪Ϊ˺ѷεʹΪ޼ƿʩʹ
ġĿҵװ衢ùáֵܣⱲҵǰġȴȴƨ취ûСƵ̱ڵϣû취ʡϻʲôʹ࣬ܲ˵ء
С㡭
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˺Ѱľʹ֮Уһ˫ľֱۣ߬źİȣڵԼŭϣȵܷųȥĶ˳ȥ뵽ǰС
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ٺٺ٣ԭһֱûҰ
һ˲䣬ҲɵصһִֻȻǻصͨѶѾзռˡ
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˵Ȼֹ۾ʱһá̾˿˵ģզ¶أ
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˵Ѵˡءһ죬ƺʲôײƵġ
һŵɫˣ˵죬Ƿİɣôܵ룬ǾԲ²ģԽ
ء
һ촫ûѻ˵꣬Ǻصѱ˴һŸ˿šһͳǵķײ˹ʱúһߣŰ߿ѹǵϡ
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ǻǺ˵ģǴӺı󴫳ģһ¾ˣӦ硭
ȻĽˡ


1031 ޻ع
硭
ۿǱ̰ϤӰ߽Ҳһ
һ㽥ɢذ̣ͼϤϷһ΢Ц
ֵܣּˡ
ϤҲۿᣬû硣
һʱ䣬类һ̴ѵĻٶȴԺ֮иֳԭš
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ٶȾţȴ̾˿˵ɾǺֵأȻΪֵܣվǽҲֻתеһѡ
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˵ʱһԵŮҲֳһĬһ֮ͻȻڴ˵СȥĶȥˣһİֹǳõʹˣǾͲҪֿˡ
⻰һߣǣĴʬѾʽλջǳΪ˽ĵū߹
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˵Żһߵǵǰּ̧һѾץҵĲӡ
ۿֻ̰ŵԽץԽ˭û뵽ʱȴеİڣͻȻ䴫һХ
Ǿ˵һŴ̵Ų۾ĺ˲䡰һΧɢգۼĹѽʵġ
ǺбƳͬһʱ䣬ޱǶǺõ˳ȥͬһʱ䣬ӡһչУȴһֻˮīɵλζ˲ﱻһ׹ŷ˳͵һ¾ײϡ
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һͨѩ׵Ĺ֡һЦͻȻһݣֻ̧ǰϺݺһҵͬʱءһ׹˳˫ҪӮͺ㣬˲Ҳǰ׹÷ڵء
˵ү֪˭ܽ⣬ˣܣ
һŭŷӳ˹һʱͼ嵽ҵǰֻβһͽޱմʦһԼĺϣ͵һ𣬡һߴƬ棬Ȼһ˶ѩ
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Ůһ˵Żһ𣬻Ϊɳͳſ׷֪ĴʱÿҾǷɳ޷ƽŮһŭɳΪǶ
ۿŮɾҪ׷ǣҲѾǴܵ컨崦
ǶΪ϶һͷ컨ײӳȥ˶§غ󱳣˭֪ʱͻȻԤ׵һ˫ᣬǿĻζ֮һΣȻһǰ㶥ס컨塭
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ǡᡱһУǰʱһƬڣĴԽԽңͻȻһ֪ȥǣߣֵΪƺ󡭡
û˵꣬ѾԽڰ֮Уͼɣüֱһɴܵذ׹һ㣬һߴ˳ڵضǰܣһ־˵ǷģȻû뵽ôؾͻᱻԷƣӦԼƻһСⶴǰڿյģʹǵȫĵطȥ


1032 »
ǶģսʱǶΪһֱͨڵɽֱ֪һԹǸ󹤳̡
˶ûãһ·ͷΪŶÿǰнʮ׵ľ룬ͻһ۸ӵķֲڣȻİʵӳȥĶȻֻһ
ڵĶһ󼲳ۣƳ˷磬Ȼڲ趨Ҳᳵ·˳һ֮󣬺ܿʹܳĴʬ㷨ͨ죬±Ǵ۸ӵһʱҪҲһ׵顣
ܿ棬ȻǸɽ£Ҳû˵һѨִɽǰһƬСײһ֮һСɽһڳǵǰ
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˵Ż֮Уһ˲ͼǰ׹һΣһֻƬ̼Ĺһ󶦷еѾ˶С
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ѭһͼ۷Ѿһļ˹
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˲һֻ֮ս֮󣬷ǵѾսˡ
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һߺȴһΣͼүҡ˹
֮սүûֻǱʯͷҶ˫ȡ
Ƕɽ֮ϣԭѾ·һȻͻȻȴ׽һС
СҲǴ֮ǰսʱܣʵǾٶڻصɽڳ׼ʱҾߵͬһʱ䣬Ҳɽµıһʱɽѿ˶ˤȥүûӣŵԱˣܶںεأǾȫϢˣΪܱ֮һΪ˽ǵΧֻǣٷ沿Ӷ޷ɱУʱΧ֧ӣҲڽʬħΧ֮¾ɥΪ˽ǵĿܡ
үɫȻҪҪ˵ȴųޱմʦȥ֮Ǽ˸ϽүҴҵسȥ
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ߵǰү룬ϴһ֮ǰʵſһʾ롣
үһۣһ˵˵֪֪õжᣬԼɣ
ٺһЦͲˣļƣԲ뵽ص벻ܵףȫһģһģ˵Ƕϲ


1033 Ĵҽ
룬šꡱһ˿ûǽţ洫һЦãСֶۣƨе⣬Ҫٴһ
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һ֮խZرļ˳
ϣխZʵҲһû֮սУս֮䱻ĽʬΧҧ÷Ƕ
ʵխZֶۡүһЩҪĸɲġǰźõģЩΪ˲ԷɣصαʬDNAȻˣЩ507ĳϣҲҪлС²Ŷԡ
֮ǰһֱŵסôå㲻Ȼƨɡ
խZ۱Թһ֮ؾˣƲ죬һߵĲ߽˻ڣͼſڻϣ̾Աߵһ죬һǳ¹
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ȳų¹˵ͷ¹Ҳ΢΢һЦƺվӭңɻɴһʧ֮Ҳֻ˻ȥҹЦС磬һ¿ܿ˰
ϧ仹ûвٶĿʲôأ
ҡҡͷһЦ
¹ʵûȻ֮ǰɽϣС¿۶ӵ¹˭뵽ʱȻȴδȫסС»ǶԼ״ʴȣ΢ƫƫǹڣ˳¹һ
֮ս֮˵ĳ¹ץ֡ѳɶ֡ʽ¹ڸһȻѾҪˣ֮԰£ֻΪҪν749Ÿ߹١͹ٷжԻ̸У˵˾򿪺͹ٷϲԻ;˶ѡ
˭뵽ս¹Ӹ͵͵ȳˡ
麣
Ҳʹ¹Ϊʲô麣¹ȴֻҡҡͷʾԼҲһֱ벻ͨ⣬֮þˣ»ص749ܲȻ֮ս749507Ŷ֮Ѿȫ޷ܵϼˣұǿƽɢ
ŽɢˣкܶҪϡĳԱԼ507ĺܶ߶ȴ¹ܴ˳˭Ψһпܾģֻǣϣ
֮󣬳¹һֱǵĻԽһҪ񣬹ϵƻǷ˳У˵ƻĺġ
¹ҵû
һʣ¹ЦϽӲס̾˿˵û䣬֮ǰһֱ507ܿѺǸЩüĿһģ˻ģû֪ʲôط֣ҪҵȫǺͷ
ôңҲͷԳˡ
Ʋ죬ο˵ûϵȻѾûжʱˣҸԾͺá
˵껰ֳϳ̵İ˹ȥ͸¹˵һѾһѩëƤҲϣȻΥĴ̾˾
λҽǻȱˣ˵һ¶ɡ
һ˵ֵֹͣģ˸ɨ˼֮̾˿˵ˣƴҲҪƳӡĿģȻ֪ģóȻŪ㡭
磬¶㣬ûܰˡ
һ˵ħѾͣҲζϹЩĵġ˼ʽĹ˼䣬ϹŵĶûܽ⣬Ψʶ㣬ܰ취
ףǸضǹ˧֮ˡ
˵źһ˼ͻȻɨ˵˵ʵǻҶˣҰҽһͨ
磬ô˵ܾС
⻰˶
˭֪ȴҡҡͷƲ˵SorryIdonthaveaway
Ȳʲôƨ
һˣϽְڰ˵ȱ𼤶ү˵үܾȣȴ֪һ˿ԾС
˭ҸϽʵ
ͼź˵Ϲ䣬үŮӡ֮ǰηأ˼伲࣬ǽԼͨҽĲᣬֱˣֻϣܾ񣬶Ƶ䣬ĲҽֱΪã˱Ƶ࣬ԻƵ֮޳һҽ顭
Ƶھ
һʣ˵ͷ
ɫʱ̾˿˵磬֪˵˭ˣ˵ΪĴӡ衢׹᪲߶԰ɣ
˵꣬⽾һЦ˵ͷ˵û˸ԾͨѧѧҩѧԼѧȻ˵ҽң˷ֱжµĲҽ֮󣬶ֲͬҽѧƷ⣬ȴѾ֮ϣ˺¼ûҽβ˵֢
е
Ϊһ֣Ϊ䣬벡ʹֻͬҪλ֮ϵֻ֢ҪЭֵ
˵꣬̾˿˵磬˵ĵеϹѾˣǷӣûڹɽ߸ħ֮УȥĶѽ
Թ꣬ȻЦͷһӣµ˵ˣȻҪȥ˸ȥĵط֮ҽǰ䲻ȴѳʥ˽ܣͶ̥ǰһ񲻿ϧ
˼ǡĸڶܵظ
˲ȼǵϣʱЦ˵û޲̽˷ȥͶ̥ѽ˵Ļڤ֮ˣҵ䷨ɽ


1034 ֮
ǺãͰʩչл
ү˵žߣȴֱסȰ˵ͷⷽвͨ
Ϊʲôвͨүʡ
Ц˵һԩҰҪǿԣ˷ͬСްţ͵͵˵Ļ˵£ⷲپģ
ǣô죿үʡ
ңһЦ˵취ֻһҲ򵥣һΡ
һΣ
ⶾ壬ڻ֮У˻ֻҪҵĸͽܣڻ֮Ͻⶾ䣬Ȼָ
У
⻰˵꣬үʱһȣҡҡͷ˵СҪô˵ܻǻˣ
ȷʵðգ±
ƲƲ죬һʱ䣬һĬҶ˵ˡ
Ĭάʮӣ̾˿ЦЦ˵λ¾бķܽ⿪ⶾ䣬ǿҲûʱȥˡȻиҵķǰҿҲһԣҪˣҲ
Сӣ˵Ϊȥ𣿡
Ҹհѻ˵꣬үõѵ֪ǵҩ¹䣬̫ˣֲʩչʲôΣյĻɰ
үˣ䵹ǻЩѣĶô׾ҿôˡ
ǡ
үͱˣ䣬ǷȥɣֻΪѰĴҽϵĶ֮⣬һһµɵԭ򡭡
ʲʲôԭ򣿡үʡ
΢΢һЦش˵ҪȥһΡ޵
޵
Ұѻ˵꣬үʱһҲԱ߾С޷޵ĵطȥѵѵȥҶ
ҵ˵ͷûȴ𻰣үȴѶȻܾ˵УСӣҪ˭УҲһֱðȥˣ
үΪʲôҲȥ
üͷʣֲûȥΪ˾öǿʹһˡ
ϴϴΣβһ
үһӣŭ˭֪޵ֻ֮µһ޷޵Ѫɱ¾ǧеħСеħ֮ϴȥ˵ΣյôҲʩչ㿴Լڵģ͸ƵģֻһѾˣ˰޵㲻վȽŸͻᱻɱСڰ޵Уɾξ𰡣ҼǵϴҶڵƾ֮ըһͨ˳޷ʩչӶӲ
зȥɵɣ
үŭҲûţҲϵ´֣һµʱ䣬˼ʹȴ޷ȥѰҶ̵һӶ޷ʽ߾磬ôҾţûõķʲôͬ
һ𣬵үĬˣϾ˵ģµʵ
֮Ҫ䡱ֻСƻɢ֮ǰһ仰ʵ֮⣬˭֪һʽܷⳡս֮ãһϣܱûǿɣ
Ҳֻôˡ
̾˿ֳŵүЦЦ˵үοҲ̫ţ˵ظ֮ҿ϶ǵһʱȥĴҽ⿪ϵĶ䣬ǲðȻǱ޵ڵģǷľͺá
˵껰һĬүһ̾ɨһ˵СӣѾ𣿡
ԣΨһѡ񣬵үҸɡ
ǡðɡ
үһ̾Ϣһ˵֮ǰڵм¼ҩ䷽ȥҵ䷽ռ䡭
ǡ
ӦһϽȥүüͷֳ˵СӣҸһȥ
ԣҲȥҲһԽ
ȴҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ˵µľƲֹۣǵָܲոձǵ˹ƣǿɲ뿪ͷĵĽһ˰ɡ
һһ˵꣬ͼүҪڣҸϽ⣬ų¹˵´磬˵飬ҪˣһҪҳܻܲŻǿɶǷĹؼ
İɣ
¹ᶨƵص˵ͷ˵˵749Ѿɢǲȫص鱨ûȫϳһᾡܣҵǡ
¹˵껰ֳŰ˹ȥüͷ֮󣬷˵ʵִҪŪ˾֮⣬б顭
ٺ٣ǲ˵үҲѾµˡ
ٺһЦֵ˸̣ڻϳЦʵȻϹħѾϹĺܶ飬ǻ˽⣬ͨȫ֪ȫܵİ֮ڣһһǲǣ
ҵ˵ͷְ˵ˣǾ;ʰɣҲΪϹħеһԱվҲ뿴Ǵ𣬱ض֪޲ԣ޲
ǡ
ֱ⣬ŰʵֻҪǣǸĽǣǸʲôΪʲôӵǿȣĹɽħǶĶ׳Ƴ
ħԽǸ׳ƳҲǲ֮٣ϾǱǽǵĳӡ
ʲô
һڣҶסʱȴҡҡͷ˵Բԣ˵ǽǵĳӣӦ˵ݻʵĳӣҲϹ俪ٵءġ֮
˼ǣǾǴ˵еĴʡ֮ף̫ϣ
ǣҲǡ
һЦ


1035 ĳս
ĻôҶٶһЩɶĺͷԡ
ǣֲǣʲô˼ǵǲأ
ǵ׷֮£ûֱӵԵɣǵ̾ǽһսĹ¡
˵罨ĵһħ֮
һ
ûһԹٵʼһĳȫħ漰еħ֮мѭģֻ
˵ӼڻϿ̳СԲȦֽ˵мصĵһħ֮ս֮ΪȪ֮սʱĻƵϱѡУħûƵͳ࣬ɷˣǻƵ۵֮ħİ£ǿ̲ʱĲ䡪׵һ塣ʵ׵ʼҲǱѡ֮ˣΪܽձħãǺ˫ȪһʷȪ֮սһսУֱվڲͬħΪӪӦӢС½ᡢݱݵħЧڻƵһ丸졢ԼŮľվ׵һһսܾˡ
ǽأʡ
ȻܾˣƵһʤһУսͳԭ׵۸ϳԭҲһս춨׻ƶ۶Զ֮棬Ҳ׵һȺ󽫵ķ߷߲ƽΪԵϹһֱ׵۵졭
˵ӻһȦСȦȦ棬Աֻ˸Ȧ˿̣˵˵Ȫ֮ս춨Ϲԭ֣ô¹֮սҪƷһУҲһսһιȻվԿ塭
˵үʡ
Ȫһս׵սܣԴԪˣһֲԸΪħƵ࣬ͼü˵ķħͬھҲ¹֮սĵʱԭָնĲͻȻɱԭͼƴ۵ħԼ׻ͬھڵĻ˵Ϊĳڹ֮£ǼǷˣҪһУͬھսܺ׵һ󲿷ˣ򱻶ĲԴּս֮У丸ħо׵µľ壬Ҳ׵۲䣬ùһƥеġ˼Ϊ˾ʤȷ桭
˵ģӦþȰɡ
˵꣬˵ͷ̾˿˵Ů˾壬֮ԱΪ壬ֻΪħᴴĲ֮УΪǿģҲǶǶγϹʷ˽ģ֪ʶ̫ҰġʵȪ֮սʱѾѪķʽȣֻʱδͣûз̫ãֱȪ֮սսԹȾڳΪ˲ħ񣬶Ϊ棬׵ֻѡվ˻Ƶһγ˶Զ֮ơ
˵ϻһȭĸȦӶȦ棬ͷ˵мѭĵħ֮սӦϤ
˵֮սɣ
꣬ͷʵ˵ƵȷʵǸˣֺγĶɣҲԸһֱڹĹ֮£˸ǣļƵ˼ȥ͹ԣջɳ²֣Լ޷ɹҲĵΪǳ֮սõ̵棬һƻ֮£ħɢķԽǿħͱɢԽԶײ˹񾳵ͨɽ֮սľγɣɴ˧սˮֵĽڣһ߽ǿĹӮյս
˵үһЦ̾˵ȻϴûоԵĶԴаǸոտʼ˽֮սʱм˲ΪЩԩɽħƽģתһ룬ʱֺγԸΪΪūҲվϧطɡ
ǰаã𡭡
¹Ҳһ̾Ϣ˵ǱϾЩȣЩϹŵħܸϣǽΪūҲֺɣ
¹䣬ȴҡҡͷ˵Ǵˣ࣬ʵûԭġ
ԭʲôԭ򣿡
ԭħĵһս֮С
ش˵Ҹո˵սڹɽʯԼһЩʷмѭģʵһսûκεļأǳսҪңս֮ǰⳡս˹Ƕޡⳡսû֣һĻƻὫΪ֮
ôⳡս˫ֶʲô˲õ
һϹ֮еˡŮ洣һǵĸĸݻʡ㡭
⻰ڣȫˡ
Һ͵ܵΪ֮֮飬أֵܶˣҵܵǿɵ̰棬˶ⳡսҲ˽⣬ңոմɽľʱĿⳡս
ԴԴϹ䣬ݻʿأ˼Դ˳Ρ
ݻ⽫罨Լ԰ΪƬǲԼŮ̫껣ˣŮ洣½磬Ůˣ˴գ֮ǰ˵ĺɽʱ׵ͷʱ䣬Ҳʱ͵ġ
֮׳˼ǹħͨɽԼλ칬˼䣬ֺ߸ϣԹ޲ΪദûгìܵԴշˡ
֮ìܣʵҪΪݻﴴʱĶλ
˵ҸϽʣλʲôλ
ǱŬ֮ãǡʳ


1036 ĵԹ
ʳ
˵⻰ÿ˶ŵòëȻ
ϸһ룬ⲻǧħ֮Ĺ
ƺӹֻҪ˵һħ޳֣ضϲˣ౻ħʳƺѾһ񻰴˵еĹˡ
ʱֽ˵ݻŮࡢ̵࣬ཫ˼俪øԽԽ࣬ݻʵĿȴձ¶˳ԭһжʵΪݻʴʳݻרΪ׼ʳ
˵Ů½ʱ֪ЩһʹꡢŮȣΪ˰Ů洴ŷ׷½ģȻһħͨű͵˼ʱħ֪ݻʵĿģȻ൱ūһԴദõ
ԽԽ࣬ݻʵĿű¶˳½һУʱʼħȥʳɽҰޡԼϵĹƷǿʼֱȥʳ࡭
ݻʵ˵׳󣬷ֳٶҲԽԽ죬֮
Ȼվеħ޶Ǵ뷨˺ŮݻŮݻʵִìܾˡ
ݻʸ߸ϡΪħ֮ףЩҪħҲֻǸŭԣȻǶʱ䣬Ĵϴڵһħǲ̵Ĳɱʳ۷Ϊ׵һħ̲סˣǾۼһ˼ħݻʷֵ𡭡
ΪŮһħʼ棬һ٣󲿷ħ̶վһϾʱ˼ʳɹħʳãԵܴ󲿷ħϲ˭Ըһֱȥ̻أ
Ǻݻ˫ִԽԽңݱ˼ս䷢ĵһħ֮һǰؿս
վվڷˡŮһħӶ࣬ݻ߸ϣΪ֧߹ٵĹϵڽսܣĹħҲˡŮһħնɱ˵ħʼնû֪ǵţǵƬԭԼġ˼֮ˡ
ۿžԽԽֹۣݻڳסˣҲǷ޹ʩ֮ƻģӶ֮£һ֧ߡ
֧߲ûֱӲμսǿʼķߣݻΪ¼֮˵衰˳߿ɵ񾳡֮ͼģ£ս
˵ʱ󡰺ǺǡЦֽ˵˵໹һֵ̰֪㣬֪˾ÿЦ
ݻʵ£֮£һվ˳Ϊݻ֮ȨŮħչ˼սЩԽԽ֮࣬䣬ΪʳʳݻʳΪ˸߸ϵؼΨһ񡱣ǡǵķŮ洣ЩΪ˰ȡɶϧͷ­ѪݻʵħΪ˷Ȩ޳аȣ˵ҲЦҲǴ˵еġūԡɡ
ǺڶΪݻ³ġӶĻŸݻط񾳡õΪūΣȥתԿǵˡ
ŮĻȱ䲻Ҫ˺࣬Ȼ֮¡˼޹Ҳ⣬һս֮£˼ĴԹ죬νġȪڤҲʱ۷ֿ٣Щս֮ԩ꣬˼䡭
ΪΪݻǳ˽ս֮ʧܣշˡŮħɱ칬߸ϵݻʡԼһֱάɷĻɱ
˵һпѾȫôľˣΪѾõ࣬ȴ֪ԭڡࡱıȴһ֮ľܡ
ָʲôϵأҲɵسŰʡ
ش˵˵Ǳݻʱʱǳսң˼䰵գ֮һƬǽ壬ԹݻʱԼŮͳӱѣԹ֮Ҳǳģݻ겻ɢּȡ֮ԹڴǸ߸ϵĹ֮֮У̥һµħҲǽǡһǲݻʣǴݻʻħмȡ˴ԹԹݻ֮Թųɾ˽֮ǣĳϽǲݻʱˣ֮еֲˣһҲԽֵܡ
˵꣬Ĭã˶ˡ
Ĭһ֮ҲŽӻ˵Ҳ˵ݻʣֲݻʣô˵ͬϹݻһ£ǲǣ
ǡ
ҡҡͷ̾׼ȷ˵ݻʻҪӵĿ¡
ٶˡ
˵ǲ߱ݻʵԹͬݻʸ˽࣬Ҳ׽סңûʵԣֻҪ˼һ˿Թᱻ𡭡ʱǳսƽϢ֮ΪҲ׻𡮽ǡ֮۷ֻܽǷ칬֮УͼԹ֮вս֮ǣǳսļϾ뱣ȴǳս֮йȻԿԼ˭뵽ŭɣɼ䱻棬ǶԹޣȴʱʼ֮ħദǢ˲٣Ҳڱϵʳվǲһ޷ԽظĤ
һ˵һӼϴһС֮ǰĿ̺۲ȥΨСǲġ
κ鶼ʷıǨĨΨԹģӹҲ޷ˡ


1037 ̤·
ᵽʱɫüѿƺⲻ֪ٸ£޷ǳ֮սеתѹ
ǵĿֲʵ˵Ҳ֪µǸõӣԲ֮ڣ˼Ϊ֮أκ˶޷̤һ
ʱſͻȻһŵѭһխZ۴˽ÿ˵ﶼһ̣ÿϷҫ
Ѿҩ˼ҩ
ߵխZƲƲ죬˵㡭׼𣿡
ѽûбİ취ˣұһܵظ
˵ŻתүЦЦ˵үȥѲ⣬ǰм»Ҫһ¡ٺ٣ʵЩȻҲòʲôվ︮ϵĸܸ˵˵
ָʾ
ү˵ͷ¹ҲϽλϳվ
˵үԴԹɽߵʮϹǿŵԿףһѾ֪ˣѾ˸УԼ䲻֮⣬ֻһٱˣһҪȫʣµҵС
ģһȫΪ֮
ү˵ҵ˵ͷֳų¹˵´磬ѰҪ飬ȫҪиˡ
İɣ749ѾˣҲ︮һӣԵľĶʲô˴֮֡
ҲԣǰæҾͷĶˣλء
΢΢һЦת־ȥһ롣
˭ָ֪ȥȴȱխZһѸֻһ㶵ĹүԼ¹ЦǺǵ˹ΧһΧС˸ۣٺЦ˵СôȱۡڻķԼȥܷĵ𣿡
˵껰խZҲٺһЦ˵ǰ֮ǰ¹üܵظˣҿɻһζûȥأδһҲʶ
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úһȻխZ۸ңһ̧־ҩࡣ
ۿҪˣŵøϽƴȫ̧߬סŭխZ֣֮︮Ҫأ
ٺ٣иͬͬ㲻ǾҲǰ׷ѣ𣿡
խZ΢΢һЦ˵οڷһ²ɣʲô취ֹأ
խZ˵ʱдһĨֱ֡
ѽСʲô˼˶޷ʩչȻ¶ˣ
ҵһֺۣΪӾ͹ܲǲǣޡ
ޡһڣһ̵½խZ۶Уһʱ䣬խZֱɵۣүҲס˭û뵽ʱҾȻôҪİ취
ҿûǣ˶Ļֶ́סһǿףءһ¾ͰһűҲߩû׼ãխZϲ٣ŵխZֱл
ᣬѾһ˸ȫ̵ߩĸ˸ɾһͷŴľ˺ٺһЦ
զҿǻʲô취ȥ
һ˶ˣһЦĶʤߵϲá
˭뵽Цʱȴ˽˷ۣүͷҡξߣһһ˵ˣҸøȥɣôæͱ𵢸ˡ
ǡɶ˼
ɶ˼㲻Ҫȥܵظ𣿱ĥˣϽҩϽȥ
ιǡǲҲһҩɣ롭붼ˡ
走
ˤһ仰ƨƨ߳š
ֱɵˣǰ뱻Լ˵ҩһ붼е޴졭
ʱү⴫
СӣǰһжãǧҪѽ
үİɣһ
˵Żһҩ͡˹ˡȥ
е̡

죡ݺڣסţסţ
һƮǰһ󷢺֪֮ԼĻѾ׹ڤܵظĹŹǰ֮ǰһ
Ȼ֮ǰǼŹǰȴûͬ¹ûҵ߻ָһ̶سѾ˷عҵĶ
ҳΧɨӣ˲侪ס
Źǰľ󣬼ֱѾҳһƬ֮ǰƭƵ۴ɸǿŹʱûҳ̶ֳȡ
ǵǼŹǰһųĶ飬ŶӵȴŽŹصĻᣬŹϸǹϸأ硣
һһжˣԭƻֺĹŹȴƵͬһըķǳƵģŶѾһ룬һȺÿŹĶƺľ׮ݳǽסſڣ赲Ĵ롭
ٿŹ⣬Ĺ»Ұ͸ٿ籭ƵģŹŹǺУ͸ը˹Ƶģƴؿ޺ŹشſڴһЩѾ˵ſڵĶƺľ׮ϣͼӷ϶ȥ
һ֮УұһȺײأòûŲ˹Źſڣն㵽ſһյ棬¥ͻȻһŭ𡪡
ˣݽ޶׼
򣡸Ҵ򣡡
ķΣһ£ŹǰͻȻһžشһʱŹµĹǺëȻˡ
̧ͷһһȺֳ޳ӵĹһٶˣΪţسŹŹµһȺλҰ
ЩӶյͨͨģһЩ»ҰϣʱùƤ䡭


1038 ǿŹ
ǰһŹʱһŹ򽫱뱳һͭûĻ̿ȥӣǰһ˳ӣһԹĺ֮һϳǽһŹǰ粽ıټ³顭
һʱ䣬ʮͨӡžŹ¾һͨ飬ͼȥСǱòҽϡﻩʹӳǽˤ
ȻŹϵĹǿޱȣȻʮơŹŹشųײ꣬ȴԵ޿κΡ
̧ͷŹŹһֻڳ¥ǰֱֳָָȫֵĲǱˣظҲһˮɫָų¥ϵĹػŹء
һ˾棬ҸϽƴغУֻϣסǵע취ҸŪȥ˭֪ΧĹ»Ұǵĺʵǳôȴǲ߻һͷþˣҾ͸оһͷۻȻѾûʲôټȥˡ
ʱȴһػұ֮һͷһȴı̳ƺһг⳯ŹŹǰʻ
ϸһͷڹĦгϵĲǱˣȻǴɸ硣
ӣѵû٣»ҰǿŹʱҲûɱȥһʣ
Ҹ뵽ȴĦгǰĴɸӳվ泯ŹŹһŭ𣺡ظҪţҵһ֮
˵Ĺ򣬾ͼɸͻȻӱקһһַֻĦгְѣһֻŸɱ˹Ⱥ֮УٿһȺҲͬһԲ۾ֳгשԼǴȼյȸֹЩ»Ұҡ
ҲһԭŹǰؾġ
һɸͻȻ˹ڳ¥ϵظҲһۿһȺ͹»Ұɱɫźת˲١
ɸĦгڹȺ߽֮߳ײҼͷϽֻ˹Ⱥ֮УۿŴɸӽӵʯͷͳŴɸĦг˹ȥ
һʯͷɹȥɸһɨĦг˫һ߬и͸ƵģԲ˸ͳʯͷ˹һʱžһ˲佫ǿʯͷҵ÷飬͵ĹϵɸһҲĦгϷͨһڵˤ˸ʺ
ֻ۵Ĺ»ҰһͨҲȣɸȭŴɹ죬վõ۾˭˭Ұ㱾Ҫɣ
磡ѽѽС
һߺһߴӹȺ֮гӽʱɸҲѾڹȺ֮һ۾ɨңһȭͷײڹ꣬Ͻͳҵķ˹
ܵҵԱߣɸʱһֵܣôҲѵ˵ѵ˵㻹ˣ
ɸ磬û
ֵܱһţɧѾ޴˵ҸϽ˵ɸ磬мҪŹأͽȥܲܰһѣ
Ȼܣֵܣǵҵ飬ʲôţ
ɸͻȻͷһŭ𣬽žͼһճӲԶŹɳ˹֨һǰһɲžײһȺ»Ұžͼ˾ӳ̽ͷŸ̳һü˵Сþòˣ
һˣȻ
֮ǰҲͬһҩ䣬ȴΪҪѰԼŮûڸǻȥһֱ˴ɸ¡
ǵһμɸʱ¥ڵɸ統ʱңСߴÿúܣ˾ƻѾΪ˴ɸµϯʦˣɸȫƲҲǳԺǣɵйˡ
һһ䣬ûκεѶΪ׵ȻҲδһ̷ѰԼŮ
ȻѾܾûмˣվɵʱûҷӦɸѾҾ˳ֳ죬СŹſڣ
ף
Ӧһ˵俪ԼİڹȺһֱײûõĹֽҴ˹Źصĳ£մɸƢֱӴӳſײȥҸϽס
Ͼʮ»ҰڷҪУʱǲƵĳűײˣǻˣ
һĥײŽȥ϶ǲˣ԰ϣ˳¥ϣͳŴɸ˵ɸ磬ܲܰ촰򿪣˳ųӵ¥ȥ
ҿУ
ɸһͷͻȻءһӼճϿմ̧ͷһȻǴӳ¥˦һӲƫ˼ճϣ˲佫Ʒȥ
ȻʱѾĿĵسżճ˦˹ɸһϽһһҺʹӳȥ˸մӳءһ죬ͷõļճѾóһѷ
ɰۻˣָų¥ϻڲ˦ӵĹ˼Ķпմѽбû硭
ʱɸüͷֵܣûȥˣ㿴Ǳӻӵ˷Ұȥ׼û䵽¥أѾȺñӸûɢˡ
磬ڿɹ˲ôˣֻҵĻҪ飬ϽȥС
ǡ⡭
ɸ磬ͰֵһΣͱⰡѽˣ
Ǻðɣ
̬ȼɸҲûٶ˵˫һץҵȣͰҸһ˫첲Բһӣšط죬ҵȻ˰ա
Ȼû䵽ͷϣһѾӭ˹


1039 й
ֵܣСѽ
ɸŵڳ¥һ󾪽Уҵڰ֮УĶĲ͵һƳŹŹس¥İմءһ죬һǿдңѾײ³ų¥ȥƫнôӭ¶һ١
ʱĺ˲˳¥ķΧ֮ڣһγʻأͨһˤڵֱҪվȴָոһʱжĹϵʹˣֻһ̯Ƶڵòֹͣ˹һȺΧһӵϣְ˽žְ˵ϡ
ʱһŭô󵨵Ĺ꣬ǿŹأ㿴Ҳûɢɣ
˵䣬ͼǹ䡰һһŭžҵĲϿʱԱ߼ʱһˡһͷһŷ֣ͼѾȥ˰ĴһɫƤ׵˾̣ŵس˹
ɱһĹ꣡
˾һǰ壬һƿЩҵĹҷϸһֵһ㣿Сôˣ
̣Ҫ£ҪҪϼظˡ

Ͼʶˣ˾ҲûīҾǰߣʱ˿ȴվȵʹˣ̸æһҸǰ·ҴŹس¥ϵظǰ
հСط£ҸϽͨһظǰظɨһۣҲͬŵʵСӣʲôѵǿҹŹزɣ
ǣˣġ
ҪҰʲô
ظ˸˵ʱ۾ȴû뿪ŹµսϾƶڵظ˵ֹۡ
ͼһۣ˵ϴȥշʬɺãӵն˲˵ʬûꡢɽӵǲɽŰЩ֮ӵÿ죬Щ궼ǲɽȥ
ˣҪĲǲɽɽ壬ǱɽĹڵĽǡ
ǣʲô
ظһʣĶ˼ϸ˵Ҳֻ򵥰һ˵ּҴҸ⣺ˣһĿģһΪѰϹƵµĴҽԱƽϵĶ䣬ͨͨڣٷҽһ޵
ȷ㻹Ҫȥ
ظ˽üͷһɨһ֮󣬲˵㿴⸱УҪ޵ڣ񲻾ͬһ㣿˵ˣ޵ȳҶǷ񻹻ſ¶֪ɣ
жΣգҶǷڣҶܴΨһһλᣬˣȫ
ʱˣҲȫ㻹ʲô취˼ܵظҲˣ¹ϵ˵
˵ظε̾˿üͷ˵Ҫ޵⵹С£ֻ˵ĴҽЩˣ衢׹᪲˵Ĵȷʵ˵ɰ˵ǶϹ֮ˣôͣڵظ֮أ
ǰ˵ϧţķȥֻͶ̥͵͵ĸ˸˵ظ֮Уܲƭңѵ˵Ҳ˽еϸ
Ҳǲܡ
˵ظֽ̧˾ֽ˹ʵ̣ǵظ˾˵ϹĴҽѺڵظ֮£
⻰˾̸Ͻһ˼ڤ룬ȴεҡҡͷ˵ˣС˲֪
Ŷô˾֪飿
ظһʣ˾̲˵ش˵ĻСսЩã˵СҲ˵ˣĴҽǱ˽ԿѺģᴫ˾֪
⻰ҲеǺãȥֱһʱǣ
ظ˵վҪߣ˾̸ϽסȰ˵ˣʹѽ
ŶΪʹã
밡д£Ȼ˽ԿѺĴҽôԼгأοŹǰӣҲǳüչʱȥض˺˵ˣǰŹǰս벻ѽ
ǿô죿
˾һֱӣظȻЩסˣʱЦ˵ȱ𼱣ǲֱȥȥй𣿴йµĸд£ض֪顭
ظһ⻰˵ͷ˵е̣ʹн鲻ǳǾȥѯʴ£ظѺϹĴҽΣҪ˸ҽҽ˼ĺֵܣ
Ī
˾˵Ҿߣ˭֪ʱظڱȱߣݱݸǰ
ظ˻һڣ׵ݱŽ׽ڵݸϽ˹ȥظ˶ֹһ֮תͷź˵̣ΨǴйٲԸ˵ʵ飬ݱһǰйٲ˵ʵ֪ô𣿡
һʻ󽫸Ͻҡҡͷʱͼظ͵һۣ߬ȭͷŭ
Ѿģ

Ҿ˳¥ȻˣߵģңǱһӳ¥ϱȥȻЩţȷʵѾһʹˡ
˹ŹأǰǻȪ·Ȫ·ҷֲڤĴǮׯ
˳ŻȪ·һֱǰߣ·ľͷֳһΪӵʮֵڵĵط


1040 ӵ
֮˸ΪⱾΪʮֵӵʵʮ޺ǰʹ»Ұжֻػµ֮ȫȨ˵ظڵĴйٴй֮һ
ܵظ֮УʵкܶΪ֪ĹٽãܣˣֹܡزܡڤܣҰˣֹܡ˲ܡܣӦҪξǽĹġʱʱ͸ӣӵگѸ´ﵽ
ΡҹΡ޳ţͷ桢β졢Ʒ䲢ʮ˧ܵظ֮зֹȨظԼµ󽫹֮⣬˵߼ľͳ˧ˣλһĹ֮ϡ
֮⣬ܵظʮ˾˼ƶ񸣡Ӧֻصȵȣ˾ǰӵʱ;˵ʮ˾ִ֮ߣΪܵظ̷Ĺ꣬Ҳʮ˲֮ԲֱõĶǣų֮ԸȥͶ̥Ļͱְ
Ĵй٣ܵظйԱְ֮Уʮ޺ظ֮⣬ȼߵĹˣֱΪơ񡢲죬Լй١
˾ִƱǰСȫţǰƳ̶ȴСԽ͡
˾ִƶ񱡣Ĺ꣬Ⱦ̨ǰӳգƶֺûǰĻȫá
˾ְߵõƱµõʹܵӦõĳʹΪԩƽѩ
˾֮⣬оǴйˣҲĴй֮ס
Ҵ˻Ȫ·֮󣬾ʹҡڵؽӵΪŹǰжңܵظ֮Ҳǿ˽䱸Ȫ·;˲ٹؿӵǰǰӹ֣˾ǰ·ȻҲû˸ǡ
ӵһ˶ı֮Уͼı֮¼ʮعҲֳָɫȫȫؽ䱸ţ˿иһ鰸ǰ棬һ۹ԱģˣźӳüչⲽתȦء
йٱʣҲ֪ȻרִΪ١ö߹Ĵйˡ
йдڣǽ֮ǰҲ￴Ĵ˵˵̫µĴ󳼣ٰɣةκܽΪ
ǰΪܵظ֮УΪ˱ʮĲ鰸й٣ܲ鰸˾Ʒ񣬹ȨڹŽܼ
֮ǰ˵Ĵйٵĵλظ֮£ʵҲ̫׼ȷΪйٹλȻظҪСһЩʵȨйٵĵλȴظ˳ƽģֻһΪһΪ䣬һظһרץħ˿νʮ޵һ㡣
һӵ˾ǳʹ˸ɫƺڸҪɫ£һ۳䣬аݵ˴ǰڳйǧ꣬й˸
˾̶ôˣǵȻҲҵҺݱҲݵڵʱйʵ̰ʱѾҳһˣ뿪
¶ɫȻǱŹǰıŵòᣬ˾һЦй٣ظСר̹ݼġ
Ŷظʲô£˵ɣ
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й٣˵ļٵģ
̲ס˾죬ŵ˾̸Ͻͷһۣʶֲ˵ˣһ仰Ǽŭ˴й٣վָҾһͨСӣӵʲôطɵҰǰδܵظȻŹǿҹŹأҲˣ㻹Լţھͽⲻ֪ߵغĻСӸӽ͹
йһ£̴Ավ˳Ҫץңŵ˾ģйһ˦䣬˵ȥ
˾ЦǺվ˵˾䡰֮󣬴յйٵ鰸ǰЦ˵йٴˣȻ˵´ӲѺʲôϹĴҽҲͲٶˣظ˽Сǰһ¡
Ŷʲô£˵޷
йٻһ䣬˾ȴȳɨ˼ۣЦ˵йٴˣ¹ϵش˶ӣ¡
ѽԼֵܣĶô¶
йٵʱͷˣҲûв˾̵ӣ˦˼䣬ӵһȺ˳ȥ˾˵ˣܿ˵˰ɣ
йʻʱһ£Ϊ˾̴ҹרΪѯʡĴҽ鰡ô֪ʲô£
ûף˾ЦǺǳ鰸Ĵйٹ˹ָ˵йٴˣΪܣδй¶ͷ
ѽʲôʱˣǿǶ£ظϹǸ߻ˣ
ȻֵģǴйٻǲͷذͷ˾̽˹ȥҪҪ˵ʲô˭뵽һЩȥˣ˾һ̧֣Բ˾й˦һ⡭
⡰žһʱͰѴйٴȦˣǲ֪˵ʲôǺˣʱͼ˾鰸һߣӣŴйپͺ
ǻʲôæѾʶ̧ٵĶ
һݱĦȭƾͳ˹ȥѴйһžһͨᣬҵҲȥţɹڵʵվˡ
˶ӣظҲ첻Ϸߣǲǣ


1041 ܹؿ
ŴйپһͨᣬԱһ£ȻҲȥæǲɵɵۡ
˵йٵĹλȼǸظ˳ƽģظҪһ˾·ϵ
ʱҽԱЦɨһʣЦʲôϴ·Ź˾Ǵ
ʲôѽǶ㲻֪ϸ飬Ϸɡ
˵ﳯǰһ°ͣʾҼ¿ʱͼߣ첲ӵ˾̡žžžͳ˴йһͨ⣬ôйġ
˶Էʮ֮˾ס֣ź׵ĳйٵϴޣűǲǣϴζǷֵܼǮ˶ˣǰ¶ͱүȥѾǸˣ㻹ͷġ
ֵܣֵܱˣˡ
йģʱݱҲ֣ͣݺݵŴй٣زм
λֵܡ
˭ֵأ
λ磡¶ҹΪй٣ǷǮ¶ǧͱ
ֹǷǮ¶
ݱһ˵Żֺݺݸ˴йһţǰǼͶ̥ƯŮǶǿΪС檣椶ѣ㶼ڵظﰲ˺ò£ǣ¶ҪǱʮ֪Ļ
ѽѽݱֵܣǧѽ
йŵݱҾ֪ԱЦǺ˵զңڤĴǮׯĿϣкüûأУñ˭ЩǮȥɣҪ֪Щ¶Ļ
ѽѽݴ磬ʹѽ
йٱΧȦҾ˾΢΢һЦ鰸һŶ˵й٣ոհйڣֵȻӣҲŪʮ޿Ͼܵظ£ظ˭ϴѵû𣿡
ң
йſ鰸ϣ˵˳˵úãŹǰ磬ݴɣڹӡλֵܣҶҶ
Ȼ㻹װʲôУ
˾ѧŴй֮ǰţӣݺһӣֺйڣֱֵܸ棬һˣҾͲû䵥ʱٸҽ㣡
𣬺ֵܣոҴˣҴˡ
Ȼ֪˾˵ϻѾˣ˽ĴҽʵΪĸ᲻֪飿Ҵʵ
˾ôһŻйֱӾ㲻ȥˣҲֻϸϸذ˵˳ȻĴҽظ֮С
ϹһƬ磬
Ȼ俪˼ڤȴûиʽĻ֡
ȻЩϹĶйҲǲ֪ģ֮ǰڸǽϹšǡһսʱ˵ġ
˵ʱŸոȣ˼ڹ˵ˣǸûκξ飬ŸոտŲõ¹˾Ƶġ
ʱҲ˵໹Ƚ٣֮󣬽ԻΪ»Ұ˼䵽ƯΪʱǼҪͶ̥תҲûһ˵ܵظûдء
ÿÿ˼֮£ǡߴĳ;ϰһЩ֮࣬ɱΪΨһ;ЩڵĻ˵ξ
һս˼ԹҰɱӣ˼䳹״ңΪ̫ڵϿٳһڤԺˮҲ֮ᵽġȪڤҲǵӮȥصĵط
ڤһɣ˽һսԹҰ˰Ϣס֮أ˼پҲȥټڤ֮ҹֹЩͼڤص˼ҵĹ꣬˼ð˲١
ڤվǳ֮£ϾºϾñطַ־ñغϣսﻹܹ˵ڤأ
Ǻ״һֱʱڣ֮սˡˡ࣬ڳļƻ֮ԡ֮սѡ˼ܣֱضӴ˽ڤԴ˻֡
Ӵ˼ڤ˼ڤʽָ뿪˸Բͬͷ棬øӰˡ
˵Ҫ˵ϹĴҽˡ
衢׹᪲˶ΪϹŻƵڤ޾ڤ֮еƮֱܵظ֮ĴҽĻǲɺ֮ܵظ֮С
Ӹп˾ʹͶ̥ϹҽټʱܵظƲȫ©ٳһ͵͵Ĵҽһֱ񡭡
ȻģôĴҽױʲôط
˾һʣйٲֻػش˵˵ʼͽĴҽӵİ֮Уδⶫ·ĴҽתƵ޼֮вʮ˲֮ÿսĹڶ࣬ǲȫҾ͸³ıߣĴҽĴҽ
Ĵҽôˣ㵹ǿ˵ѽ
һŵôйٻһ˵Ĵҽͽֻصİ޵ȥˡ
ʲô
һ⻰ֻסҶһ
޵ҲûȥһƬ޷֮أеħԹ֮ĸͨĻͽȥ¸һʱ
ô룬˾Ҳô˵ģйȴҡҡͷ˵λ֪޵ΪħͶ̥֮·޷ֻתģ֮ԽŪȥҲδתߣ޵ڵҲǵȫظγʱܹؿֻһĵظڤٲ֪ѡ


1042 ݱ
˾֮󣬴йٷԼ˵ľûһѻѣԼͲú
ܾЩ֣Ѿѽ
ⶼνˣǴй˵ѣȻ˾̡
Ż˴йһ֮˾̴ǳӵҳֻڵȥ
һ·ϣ˾ǰ棬ݱݻңɱţȻ𽥻ָȴ̱ø޷ж
С
һǰߣ˾ͻȻһͷҲصطʡ
Ӧһ˾ֳڵȷڵ밢޵

ԥһ£һʱ侹֪ôشˡ
޵Ŀֲ֮ǰͼʶˣȷʵڵȥĻǾһ»ʲô취أ
ԭΪڵظҵĴҽܰƽе֮֮밢޵ȥѰҶһٰȫ٣û뵽Ĵҽڰ޵֮У벻ȥҲˡ
뵽Ҽᶨصͷ˾ЦЦ˵֮ˮڰɣٴ٣Ҳǹ˼Լʱ򡭡
ˡ
˾̾˿ɻû˵꣬ݱȴͻȻһԴ
Сϴظ˴ȥ˼䣬Ѿ˵Һֵܵ˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷЦһ˵ûظȷʵ˵ˣԼֻصĳ߹ʵҲϹŵĹ֮ǰһֱҪǺúĵģϧûлᡭ
ֵܶȴΪϹֻС벻֮
ݱһЦͻȻɨһʣС˵˷ɽ
ҵ˵ͷش˵˵Ϲ亣ɽ˷λڶɽожһΪݱһΪݣֵˡ
˵ݱӦһȴҡҡͷ˵ֵȷʵڶ˷ɽУ˷ɽλڶ
ŶǸݹʱĵ伮ء
ЩϹ֮£۵ļȫţ
ͻȻһӻ˵֮д˵˷ɽλڶֻ˷ɽ֮붫ǲǶڤ
ڤ
ûڤ˷ɽڤдľǧ֦䶫ԻţҲ
ݻ˵ҶʱһϽʵţ룿˷ɽλڤѵ˵
˷ɽϵĹţڤ˼Ĵڡ
ݱͻȻڣ˵ڤΪ̫Ϊѹ˼Թ٣ڤ֮˼֮󣬻ڤ֮УԴںƯ޿Ҳ޷ƳһӴ˼䰲˲٣ڤվޱ޼ʵģεڤ֮Ϻ̲ˮط˼䣬ҲΪϹҪɱפڤ֮ԭ򡭡
˼Ҳ˵ڤûбܵظʱȻںеԹͨڤ֮ص˼䣬ҲһС֣˺֮⣬ڤ֮лһܽԹڤ֮зųĹţ

ݱش˵ֵ˼䣬Ůǰ˷ɽعţһǵãɽϳһþ޴֮⣬һֻ֮ǰѾ˷ɽػŵĻ֦ǵõľԼ˼ľаۣʵɶ˷ɽǿ˼֮棬ظ˵ն֮ٹ֮Ϊ˽֮Ҳһ˷ɽ֦
˵ظ˵նҲǴӶ˷ɽģ
Ƕ˷ɽǹɽ
ݳ˵˵Ҳνġ֮սֵ˲û漰٣ȻҲ֪һ˼ѣǱϾػڶ˷ɽϣĶ뿪ѽսԽԽţֵܶųסɱɽȥίǻȶػţǲμ˼Сսۣǡ
˵̾˿ԾȻ
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ֵܶղʲôҲûڼս֮ãҴ˻˶˷ɽС
ݽ˵ֹˣʱɽʱҹɽһ֦Ϊ˻ʱ򱻸˴öף֦սûдľ֦㱻ͬսϵսħʬһ𱻶˹ɽڣݱ֮Ϊһն˽Ͽбͼͼҹձ֮ԱϽľ֦Լȫơն
ߣն
һᵽǽȫƣС⡱һ
˽ԴԹɽһƷ̫ͼľħƽ𽣣ӵǿ裬ʦӡնͨҡ壬ʮᦡԭնҲǹɽŵʮԿ֮һ
һȻ򣬶ʱһնѾȭףҲ˵ҲһԿףһʮȫˣ
ȫˣǶأ
ݱһʣ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ˵˵Ǹܣλ磬ллǸô࡭
ҲΨһˡ
ݱЦ˵ֵ˻ض˷ɽУû뵽Ҳ׷ɱ˶˷ɽֵΪЧֵӣǻ˾ȻֵԾȫ˼֮ͬ飡ߵͷײֵҲԼϣԭΪֵ˵ͽˣ˭֪ʱƺܵĸȾֵǾֱڤ֮ڣڷսܵظʱΪ£ָ֮ظˣԵɺ֮µõ˲֦նҲԵְɡ
ǿϧû뵽ǸĹ


1043 ޵գֵ鳤
ֵܵҲ̾˿ʣˣ˵˷ɽԭһֻػǴڶ˷ɽϵʱ仹ձôֻأ
ǻȻǹһԱ
ݱش˵Թڶħ½ֲ֮ħ˼ͬһµħǻ֮һ˷ɽΧʱǻɽȥԴ˾ûټֱǲ˼ҵѾûһΪˣǻ޵˻

⻰Ҿһ£ԭǴ˵бܹвƵȻҲǵ˷ɽػ֮һһ룬֮ѾȥҲ˵Ѿõѵ˵Ϊնе֦ǵԲŻѡΪˣ
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һ߹ݱ˵λҼǵ˳߹ҲϹ֮Ϊλᱻɵܵظ
һʣݱЦһЦ˵˵丸һ壿
ҵ˵ͷݱ˵ϹĿ丸һ壬Ǿһ壬ɹħͨҲ˵丸ʵѪͳ֮б̳һĹѪͳ˸й丸Ůͨ飬˳߹߹ε˼䣬ΪӲã෢ͻʵ̫껱㽫ڶϷڤ֮˿ڤ֮ٺ֮սܣйɱ֮㽫ڤ֮ܵظ޽ںﲻ¶ĳ߹Ϊãһֱ˰ɣ
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ñҵĹҷһأ˫ͻȻǿгסûе£żλЦЦ˵ллλҵһҲ֪Ժûлˡ
΢΢һЦų̱ĽŲǰߣۿžҪߵ߹ʱȴͻȻһŲһͷһȻǷֱŽСݵݱѾɫظ
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΢΢һЦ˵ΪϹ֮ȴδǳս֮гʲôǧһֱڻԼԲǣδ˵ΪֵܳϦ飬ҿܿóԣҪһ£Ϊǲǣ
ֵܳĬһ£ݱ˵ͷˬһЦ˵ֵܣ˵ûȻཫ˸ϾɱۡЩݱ΢Сɲ˼øã为ǣдȣ񾭹ǧķչ˼̫ƽãͼֵŲܣԲԼҲԲЩΪ˼ֵͬǣԲ˼ΪŮϤİۺŮﰡ
ݱݣǵ˼ס
˾̸˵ͻȻʣô㡭
ǷȥɣҲֹǵġ
˾Ц˵˵ŹǰսԽͻȻˣظʮ޶ȻŭվҲԼҪȥͲùôˣͷһǰΪġ
ֵܣлˡ
ֵܳ˾һ֣˾̸ϽҲֱȭ׶һ˵λֳԺ̰мӣǷƽСһݡ
˾̻һڣͼݱݵۿʪˣϽҲϹͬź˵֣ء
һ䣬ͼһתһ˳סһ첲Ҿʹǵسų߹Ѫ˹ȥ
ҸϽ˵λʵʵǲظȥðգϾⰢ޵
ֵѾСֵ㲻ض˵
ݱҺٺһЦ˵㿴ģһ˽밢޵ضʮһսֵ֮ⰵյĹطǧ꣬վƴɢֵҲȫҪһ
ɣǡ
ͱˣ
ҲԱ߶ݺݵһۣͷ˵СֵܣʵֵһҪ˵
ʲô£ʡ
˼ͷֵҲһֱڿ˼ڤԲߣϣܰǵæ˸ֵ֧Ҫ˧Ҳҽ֣
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ݣ˵Щʲô壿
ݱͻȻЦ˵ڰ޵Ҳ˵Ҫǻɢ˵Ҳ˷ѿ࣬˵ĻۻǵȻ֮ú̸̸ɣ
˵ĶԣǾ͵ƽ֮˵٣
˵䣬ݱֵһԾЮ֡ҾȻ˳߹Ѫ֮Уǰ˲һƬڰ
߹ֵܶڵظְǧ꣬һֱ㵱ܵܰһܾ֮գظԺ˸ҳЦ㣬۸㣬ֵҲΪͷˣҪԼԼ
硭ǡء


1044 
һƬڰ֮Уҽ𣬶֮ǰŹǰҵľͬ˻Ǻøӵľ﷢š
ϾѾһˣ˲ҲܲµⰢ޵ڵħ
޵Ϊħֻ֮ȻЩǧصħмľʹɥʧȥͶ̥תأ
һֻƺӴǰ鸡˭¿ʼġ
ԽģЩ˵õħ޽޵ڵֻͨ·סӴڴ˼ݵ̡ռɽΪΪС׸γǰҵľ󡭡
ܿ죬Һݱݵ߶𽥻ָȥһоͬʱһջģѪɫĿʬԼá
ɱͲҽ˷ܼеطѪɱսңǰһж˵սľ
Сģ
ͻȻݱԱһûҷӦأݱ͵һѽƵڵء
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ݱֲͻȻһŭݸϽӦһ嵽ǰסҵͬʱһ˫ۣ˸֮£Ȼûһüľ
˫߬ľһΣǹ˲ĲλľŽڣŽڱޡ
ʱݱֳǸֲĵطһŭ𣺡˾彫֮󽫣ηħǰ
ݱû£ͻȻ֮һŵݣһӰȻӵʹܳצؾݱˡ
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˵ݱֽеĲ͵һԹһҽжʱУݱвһɨžꡱһԹȻڵѪȵϡ
Һ¶ɫݱ΢΢һЦг˵ֻ͵ħѣΪݡСֵ£ǡ
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֮ǰѾʶһˣ˵Ⱒ޵пɲǾ֮أּһ޵֮ҪǱǲסĻҪɾͲˡ
ƲݱϽֲ泯Сֹ˵ݣǵ֮ǰй˵ĴҽλðɣȴСֵ뿪ڻ
ݱ㡭
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˵䣬˸һѾͽҿ˼ϣתܣ漸ʮȺħѾؽų˹
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ݱһŭ˵ŻζǺظֲͳս֮С
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ݱ磬ĺˣһᱣСֵܵġ
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⣬ʲô
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˵Żһֻֽ§סڼϵңһֻֿʼζеľŽľǹ趯û磬ֱһڿз費ͣ
ȻУһڵϣ͵˸˵·һֻֻ֣һʱͼӵһƬִС۵Ĳλѣϡﻩҷɣֱ͸һ
һ˻ŻӶеĹӣһ߿ƴǰ壬˭֪ʱһֻͻȻű͵˳һѾͽݵĽ߬ס
ǹһקһΡͨһ˵˵ϣҲˤȥڵ˺ü
ֵܣ
ۿһֻֻ־Ҫ島סƴҲ˲ȽץԼֻˣӶŽľͳ˦˹
һ˦ֱֻϴȥҳûǿҡҡλɻûվأȴоϴһ󡰺¡¡ز
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˲䵹һֻǴصĶʱ˷Щ־ȻҲҡڵøѸˡ
Сֵܣһ̣
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̱ڿһתˤڵʱѾ˶ʮԶ⣬뿪ЩŰĵط


1045 ط
ųҪеĹӴ߬Լ֣˭ʱ¡һͻȻݣݽһٶˤڵأͬһʱ䣬һ޴޳κӰѴӵ´ܳһ˲ɸߣ忪ʼҡ
ǹǴӵǽмųڿҡͷλζ
ϸһͼ޳ľ޴ͨ죬»ӲǺͮͮһ΢΢⣬ֱʱǲڿ壬ǾȻһ޴Ļɫ򼡭
ͼͬһľ£һԶԵġš
ǡšǡ֡ĸõ˵ֱۡ

ҿǹһ˲䣬̲סһΪǹμֱ֮ǰֻһ룬ѽȻƣɷϳ˽ţϳŵһԶԵģȴ֣ô£
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ڴˣֵߣｻҡ
˵䣬ͼȻǷһȻ˵гľһǧֵȻȻҲЩġ
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˵䣬ƴؽۣ֮Ȼûã϶ѹ֮£ȫ޷ʩչ
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Ҷңصġ
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һʣҶȴ̾Ϣҡҡͷ˵㵽ֵزѲҵΪܸıˡ
Ҷ˵ʱɫԽѿɨһұɱݣ̾˿˵ȴ𶯣ҰѾ˵
֮ҶͻȻַڿдһڣһԶһʯ棬һֻֻħȻ¶мȻҶⰢ޵ڵ׷ߡ
Ҷֳ̧ݱĵطһָû˵Щħس˹ȥԮݱҶԼֻŤεط˹ȥ


1046 Ÿ
ιϣǲǣ
Ҷָסݵķһߺȣǲм
Ҷôһ˵Ƿһ㶣ſ죬ȥݳûѪ˳ͨһˤ˵ϡ
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ζһȻ˫Ѫɫ˫֮Уȴǲ¶һ˿̿֡
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ܹңҶ֣ҵȻҪԱ
Ĭһ£ͻȻɨңƱ˵֪㲻ɱ޹ϣһСӱͺá
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ҶҡͷһЦǷԲ۾ݺݺҶѲ︮ĸƾʲôԼңοǧĴⰢ޵ҺƽദãѵҪ鷳
Ҳ鷳СӱϾ︮ˣҪ𣬱޹أΪ︮һԱҪǶ︮ҶΪ︮һθҪԼĺﶼסʲô汻ǳĤݣ
Ҷ˵߾Լõ䣬΢΢һЦ˵ǧħΣⰢ޵ڱնɱǧħʱҾȰͶһǧССΪֱ߾Ҫʰˡ
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ζʱѪͬˮһ˳Ųϵ˿ӿ˳ҵЩѪˮõڵϣһԼʱסҡ
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Ȼǹ£µǵʱƭ749عԱԸԼƵħԸǣղһս֮ͼưΧֵȫս칷ͱҲһսɥ749ع¡
밢޵ڣЩ޵еĶɱҿҶ˼ʱһʶҶŰߡ
Ǽ¾ɣվĵʱҶֿ˵֮ǰǿУ˵˲˼£û뵽龹Ȼصֵز
Ĭһ֮ҶֳʣСӣô˵Ĵҽڰ޵ڵʲôطҶѾٶ꣬Ϊʲôû˵£
ҸϽش𣺡֮ǰ˾̴Ӵйٿбʵ֪ϹĴҽӻڰ޵һΪȫĵطר޿ˣ˵ǾŸӡ
ţŸӡ
⻰һڣͼҶԼһȺħ˲ɫ


1047 ֮
һҶɫб䣬̲˲ԣϽҶʵôˣѵ˵֪ЩǾŸӵ£
Ҷش˵޵ڸɫħвһЩûΪεģжһ֣ϲûΪӵģֻΪ֮ͯ󣬿Ըӽ˵Ľģ㲶ʳ
Ÿǡʡ
޵ںӲ٣Ÿһģƺֻһˡ
˵ʱҶɫøӵѿ
˵ͻȻһĬʱһƮȻëԳ̾˿˵ˣ˵ľŸӣǵĻ²ðˡ
⻰ҶҲ˵ͷ˵ǰ޵ڴħûҶﲻǵģΨ
Ҷǵ˵˭
ݱסˣʱҶһʡ
Ҷ̧ɨݱüͷ֮󣬲ų̾Ϣ˵ݱݣΪڤ罫٣˵һ֣оӤ
Ӥ
Ҷﻰһڣٿݱݣŵңȴƺû֣
ʱݻŻſ˵ҶѣѵӤҲⰢ޵֮У
ҶȻͷ
ôأǧΪδδ˵¡
û˵Ҳʵ
ʱҶԳֿ˵Ӥɱ֮Ǿ֮Уס֮ܵظӤʮ˰޵ڣȻǾӤȴ޵ֵ췭ظ밢޵ҪתħӤʳ˵ʮΣֻӤ̸Э֮󣬾ӤͰȻΪⰢ޵ʵϵˣưƿһ˿ɼ
Գ˵ôţҲɵؾһ£ϽʵԳ壬˵ļٵģѵӤɽһ֧ɣ
֧Ǻǣûʲôɱԣ˵ó˭أ
ԳҡҡͷЦ˵֮˵ûпɱԣ˵֧ʵԶӤֻ֧˼Ӥȴؼ桭
Գ˵ŻͻȻ̧ݵ˫֣۳ëȻ¶ԶҲʧɫ
ʱͼԳһЦҡͷԵ˵⨺֪ܲǰѵһƭ㲻ɣ
Ӥô£Ҳַ
Ҷ˵ͷԳеġӤݿ벻йء
ഫϹʹϽػƺ򸡳Сͼ۷ˣ˰պͼаԣ˰ԣݻΪ֮ʼ۷˽гİͼڳɼ̨ͣԹ˹ΰݣ̨ᣬվͨ飬ʢֻ顣
ϹʵʣΪվ쳤ȾͼеĿȴվ»ΪħϺۼ϶̣˻ûΪͯģ
ΪС֮Ķһ廮˴ԻΪͯһ곤ͯԡΪˮɫΪڣͯˮѣźۡ
롱ΪŮ֮ԻΪŮ̻ͯΪףԡΪɫ࣬ŮͯƲٿ֮źۡ
ԴˣԻΪͯŮڴܺͼԼȾǷΪϹˮ֮
ӤͺĴҲٹ£Ӥιˮ֮죬ΪͷأΪͷؼֱӲ޻ǣǿ쳣
ټϾӤͷӵһѽֻ֮Ҫһд棬ɥҲֻҪȡؾɻָһ鴴̫һĪչ
ͷô
Գ˵ٶȾ㵣־ô˵Ǿ͸׹̵Ļޡͷˣ
ȷԨԴ
Ҷӹ˻̾˿֮˵ɼСʱдһ¼ħҽħͳһ࣬й⡮Ӥļأֻ¼ڣѾȱȫˣûӤҲΪڻСƵġ¼ϣȷȷʵʵھӤһµǰ棬һǰΪ֮桯֪Ϊɴ˳ƺ
ΪΪΣʡ
Ӥ֮˼ħͨ鷱ֳһĿħһ
ҸǴʧɫӤȻǾͷߡ裬Ȼû˵Ӥ֣ɲİǻݣŰϹǻܵձɱĶѪ˰Ƭؿաߣʵɼһߡ
ôأ
Ϊŷ
ҶһʣҸϽ˵ͷ
ŷ֣ҵҲİ
ν]ͷѪΪ֡ŷһֻŰϹľ綾ͷ񣬴˵ҹᷢڳʻֵ
֮˵ֻֻ֣򿴹︮ʷףŷƺǱ︮ɱġ
ʱҶֳ˵˾ŷ֮⣬ӤĩһŮֱΪ⡢ٶ绢װ桢βͨƣΪ˾ˮޣ׵۲μ¹֮սս󹦳ڵ³ߣȴκһȺĹصУξһĹ֮оѣŭĹ壬ΪһȺʦʿܣٶͬͷβļزֻ̫࣬ħ֮ʿʢʱٶͱ˺뺣У֮˵ڶ󵺹ֳư᪴ߡ


1048 Ӥ֮
ҶｫӤŮһ˵Ѿŵݱǣں;ӤͬΪħı칷ɵۡ
Ҷ˵⻰칷һпԭ᪴߾Ҳ֮ĺ뵱Ǵ߿ɰѶ孵ùǺڵаڣλڵʦһòײƷħ
һҲԱͷ˵ѽѽ桯ķݶϣżѽ
ȻӤ˵Ϊδû˵أѵ˵һֱŮңȴδԳֹ
ֵֹֻòʱ򣬾ͬ꼻һһ㡭
Գӹ˻̾˿ָ̾˵ӤͣΪٳǣ뺣Ϊߣνһʱ˼ʿԼħ£۷˶Ķ֣Ȼ˭뵽ȴƫƫĿǡ࡭
ǡ
Ҳǳ˵ĺࡣ
Ҷش˵˺ಢǱ˺࣬ʷϵĺܹͬһˡ
ҵ˵ͷϾҶ˵Щ˽ġ
ʷȷʵֹࡱһΪĳʱһں첿սʿĳλնɱ˴ĺ̫ɴ˵õĳĴȨͬçۺһ㣻
һҲǵһࡱ࣬Ϊơ
һҢʱڵҲǴ˵֮ϾŸ̫Ǹࡣ
˵ɵ˼˼伲ĴӢۣնħӢսնݡEնߡȵȣҿɴû˵ɱʲôӤĴ˵
˳˼ǰԳֽ˵ΪҢ֮ͬʱҲǵʱһʿóͬҪƺࡢѡ˻ƵһֽһֹڸʿҴԴ˼䣬ɱЩ̻ܽҲĶǣͷ־ӤΣֻǲӦսڽֻħδҲ˵һֱڱţֻǶûзֶѡ
Գ⻰ʲô˼
յĴ˵ܸɣ
ԳһЦ˵˵˼䱾ʮ̫ɹȲѻӢۺԹоŸ̫Ϊ˼һƽ١ʵʲôʮֱ̫˵νĺգصıǺӤһˣӤΪϹˮ֮Ϊ񣬿ɿմأ˹Ϊ̫֮񡯣ʵȻ꣬ӤԼͷΪſţ³һ桢һɹ֯һյˮºʵһַ֧˾ȫɥУ˭֪ƴ󹭣żͬ䣬ŸֱоӤľͷſڣͷͬʱɥʧӤŲ֮ڤܵظ֮󣬱Ⱒ޵ڡ
˵Գֳɨһ˵Ƕ֪ӤȻһֱĴҽ²٣ôһһأɲ׹ѽϾԹΨһһµ˾ǴϧѲˡ
Գ˵ָ̾˼Ҳüͷ˵ԳΪ֪Щ˵Щʷɲ˭֪İɣ
ԳһЦ˵ҲǸող˵֪ܲǰΪϽɽްֽͨǻĺںεأ
Գ⻰ŸһڣҶԱüתתʣԳΪûЩ
ҶһʣԳ˲סҶЦʵҼǵãⰢ޵֮дʱɱһҪöˣûǴĻӦ˼ƳʱڱⰢ޵֮еİɣҽʱвٶ̵ģֻ֪㲩ѧţȴӲ֪㾹Ȼ˽ô౻Ϲʷ
Ҳ˽⡭
ԳЦҡҡͷ˵ϾδɽôҲڹɽĴϢ꣬ͷ첻Щ飬½ġ
ͷʲôͷ
ͷۣ⡱һҲ֪ԳеͷȻڻþ֮гֹǸˣǵð˵һμʱ£Եõڹɽϵһô´ء
ȻһʣԳȴͻȻһ£ҡҡͷЦ˵˵Ҳ˵
˵Ϊʲô˵
ҸȤֳԳʵԳҿһ֪ٱϢ˼ٴ٣֪һЩҪ鱨ĻҰɡ
⡭
Գԥһ£ջҡͷһ̾˵У治˵ʲôˣ֪ΪλھӤ֮£
Գɨһۣζ˵ʵɣҸЩ飬Ҫҹתġ
˭Ҿʡ
ǹɽλӵ˰
Գش˵վ»Ⱦոɹɽʯͷһֱסһôϣ£˳ȴǺߺСһͣЦеشӳԣһʱɽƺֻΪʱˣ˱˵һ仰ζ
ʲôҸϽʡ
˵ɥ֮գҲǸոҶ︮˵ʱڣ׼һᱻ겻ɢ밢޵֮УЦͬЦ߹ңһⰢ޵ܳɰǧļįʹ࣬ʹಢޱ޼ʵģΪһ˼һ֮һˣ˽Ϊѣڰ޵ڿһƬµء
˵ԳŤͷɨһҶֽ˵Ҷ˵֮£һһ顭


1049 ޴
ѵ˵λ߾֮ǰδ
ҶҲ棬־ʲô
ʱԳͷɨһֽۣ˵˵һⰢ޵ڴ˼֮ˣһҽΪѣڰ޵ڿһƬµأǰλСֵˡ
ôôҺʡ
ԳЦЦͻȻ̾˿˵˵ҵһˣıⰢ޵ڶˣὫ֮ǰе඼ΪУһйΪԭ
˵еħԼҶסҲѾĿˡ
ôһ˵ңǵ
Ǻǣ˭֪أֻ˵ĻתǶѣȰңĪҪй¶˵һ䣬ʱļ仰ͽΪɱ֮һԤԣҰæʱӤ֮¸֪㣬˵ת㣬ĩֽ֮˼䣬һ֣ߣԼҵ
ĬĬͷȻ㵵˵ˣλĪˣʲô·ʵͷԡ
˳Ļ֮ʱԳ΢ЦſڣҸ˵ĶѾ˵ˣôȫƾԼ
ҶҲ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ˵ǰǽԶĵˣվģ٣һаΣܶϵһ˵ϣûɲ㡭
˵ŻҶɨħͻȻֵǣ֪ʱΪ֮ЩΪ˼䡢ɱķ֣Щԭӣȴκ˲ǲ֮ΣǶٶЩĿɣ
Ҷ⻰ڣȺһ꣬û˻ش
Ҳѹ֣ΪҲ꣬׽һ棬ұǸӵ˽⣡ʱһǸЩ࣡ǡǼˣõ˼鰮ٶأο˼Դ˱Ҳӹ˽٣ֵǣǿԸһ֮ΪࡢΪԼΪս
Ҷﻰһ䣬һȺħʱźӦһ˫ͨ顭
ãлٶֵǵ棬а޵ڵֵܾۼһһΣǿҪνİ޵ߣһսҶλӡ
⻰ڣȺһߺŭɢ˷񱼶ȥûһĹȫɢ
ħ뿪֮ҶתͷһӣڣСӤư԰޵ǧ֮ãдȴû˸ȥǹһοҪ׵ĸ컻ˡ
ѵ˵һҲҪӦ˵Ԥԣ
ԳһԸп۳ɰܣһ;Ӥɱض췭ظڰ޵е࣬潫Ҫ׻Ϊˡ
ǣعô࣬춨ҪǴͷֻҪȫԸܱǡ
ҶһЦֳɫ˵СӣȻģҲգվǧ֮˧ǣԿǿС
Ҷﻰһڣҡͨһ͹˵ϣŵãҲΪֻΪеܡ

Ⱒ޵ڣȫûʱԵģûҹûʱСʱֻһƬߺڰֻѪȺɱ¾
֪˶õĹһ֧֧ʼ˷۶׼ȷ˵ǿɲһ֧֧԰ټƵħ۶ɵĴ
ǾͬСɽһʬϣΧһ˲һѪڣɵسҶ辪˵⣬ЩѲɶǡ
ûǣǵ
Ҷҵԣ˫ֽǰԼٶڰ޵ڴ֧۵ؽ
Сһ벻ɣ˼䣬Щ︮ȴʱ䣬Ⱒ޽ڴһ֧Ӵľӡ
ǰȷ˲š
һܣͼһ֧֧ӻ۳ɺӣܿ;˷ʬΧϸһǶеħɫɫдСиаݡеªҲеûΪɵΣһ㣬˵Ҳиֻˡ
ȻѾڰ޵ڻ֮ħΪʲô޵ڻ˵Ѫȣѵ˵ôӴĶ飬Ըı޷޵״𣿡
ǣӴ󣿰޵Ѵ˽֮ã޾絽жֵײŶ޷ľٶʱ䶼޷һһ˵׾ͱСİıأʵҪǵ޵ı䣬ǺǣԶܵġزһ㣬νɷ𡯣ȻԶԶġ
ǣΪλҪįʹ֪ࣿΪΪ֮
Ϊϣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ󻰷һתָ̧ЩħЦ˵㿴Щϣ޷ı磬ȴıǣֽȥıħ޵Զıģϣ֮ҲԶġҶһˣȶڴ˴ԭʹ
Ҷ˵һЦңȻľ񳹵۷ˡ
ֹ˲֪ٵʱ䣬ʬΧۼħѾԽԽ࣬ʮ֮ڰɣԶһȺȺħţǾŵ;ֹȻǵġˡǰ̽İɡ
ҶϾȥǣѾۼĲˣɨһۣ΢Ц˵Сӣ׼ûҲһս֮ǰһħԼԼԶԶʧ޷֮֮С


1050 
һ˫ľҶͷϣʮ֮ڵħǰһ֮£ǰ޾ĺڰ֮ǰһƬɵģɭɭؼѾһ壬ͬδ֡
ͷϵĳ֮⻹ĸˣݱݻңҶԼϰԳһֱҵǰ棬С̽Χһһ
ǰ˭أҶͻȻڷʡ
ϰԳ˼Ƭ̣شǰΪء
⻰Ҷһ̾ɣСӱΪԹ֮޳ħʲôǧԹ̵ĺܣټΪ˽ܣԩһȻԶǧħ֮ϣǵõҺͻСִ︮ʱµʱ䶼޷ɳȣշѾţ֮ܵظⰢ޵ڣ֮ͺҽ˳϶׷ҹȥ
һȻôѵ˵ǰԹȻ̶ֳȡҲʡ
Ҷ˵ͷָпټģδǹ¡ɷͬСǶҲһ꣬ˣ︮Ⱒ޵֮󣬲ŻһȺħĽεճΪѣħʿһѶԸ
Ҷ˵Ҳһǰľ仰ҶһҸϽʣѵ˵ɡ
ҶֵͷɣȻܸ߸߹Ϊ˽ܣкȻ屣أ
̼ǵõɽҽɳ̲֮ǰҵ̨ɽΰǴʦһԤԡ
ɳ̲˫ᣬȥӻء
ʱ˶Ϊһȥ֮бһսֻܹʤأ˭뵽һȥݿսҽɱɢսҵɽƽε۸ɹµĺ磬¶жӶս֮лֵͻΧҽ֮£ӹɳ̲ǰʧ׹̤⽴ӻսܱӴɰʮꣻӵսĻ֮¹鸽̨ɽΪɮɱΧشӪȱȴ鳼ڰŽҼĶΨһӦˡȥӻء
ɱ鳼֮󣬸鳼ƤѪܵʬǰڻɽҰ֮η紵򡢰޷ʳԹΪ˶ĴѰ𡭡
Ҷ˵ʱȴǰĶͻȻ˽Ųϸǰһסͼ֮ǰһԱһ򵱹أȺħ
ǴףһƥҰ׵ĸͷһںڷĳǹϿһҡڵô죬ϺȻдһӲӵġ֣ȻݵĴ󽫣Ӧþɡ
ϸһϵĿã˵ǧٿףЩѪǻǻ͸ˣűӢʮҲѾòˡ
Ҷ
ͻȻ䣬ͼϵɽ͵һ壬һеĳǹָ˹һʱĬֻһŭ𡪡
ҶŴζҲɣ񾹴֮ǰĪҪƴƣ
˵ɻζгǹһʱХƬ֮Ĺ򣬾ͼ֮УһСһ߾߲Ұ׵ôӵ˳ͬսףгŵǹһ¶棬̳ҡͷԵ˻
ʱмֵֻ֣ͬΧۼ˹ȫۼɵȻҲɵ¡
ʱͼͻȻһ𣬱Ѿۼɵħ˲ĬֻǹָҶҶ㵱㲻ɣ֮֮ţѽȻҪսҾذ
ɣˣ
ҶϽػ˵ǲҪַأҪ·У봩ضѣѵⶼϣ
˭֪һ⻰ɾȻһЦ˵Ҷ浱һĹɣҵأһнΪӤУ㲻ҪҿսѲɻȥҾӤս
⻰һڣҶɫȻһἰӤ֣ѾʼоһǿҵѹȸкͿ־С
Ĭһ֮ҶȴǼᶨص˵ͷ˵ûҾҪȥҾӤ
ҶƭˣӤεݺε㲻᲻֪Ƕ𣿡
ܲҶҪȥ
ȻҶҲЩͷˣüͷ˵ɣֻһΣҪعȥ㵽׿ϲϣʹʹһ仰
عؿڽٺڣ
ɱɱɱ
һʱɱȺħ裬ȻѾɱ׼
ҶȻҲԷѾںͣҲ̧־Ҫʩ˭֪ʱһȴͻȻӿ£ꡱһмλõϡ
һʱ䣬ͼһһڵ˲ըɢΪһ޳ġӡֱ˶԰
ǻ˲ӿԾʿһҲ⣬ٿҶҲŵɫ԰ףʱüãˡ
ԳŵûҲ̲סһ˵û뵽֣ѵ˵Ѿ֪̽ҷδٳʵĿģ
Ҳ⣬˴ģĶۼٶڰ޵ڹȫжħӤˣһѾ׼ǵˡ
˵ҶͻȻ̧ͷڵҹգҲ̧ͷһֵһ
ͼ֮Уһֻ͵ĹӶų¡


1051 ޵ĵ߸
ǾȻǾӤΪȻӴ󣬵ȴֻһͷ­ͷϣͼĸ۵СŮЦţĸŮףʹһͷɢСһѾͷС裬ؿɰ
ǾӤ
һҶǹ񼴽ʱ˵ͷ
ٿǹȻĴųǻмλã˵Ҳ֣һ£ҵĻ澹Ȼ͸ƵģʼΧ˱ܣȻΪǾڻӵڳһ鲻ŻĿյ
󣬾ͼͷĸŮ֮Уһվ˸Ƿ֮󣬻ͷȳ˹ȥֻɾȻҲŵˣһȺŵˡ
ŮЦЦͻȻ˵ɸ£Ҷȷʵҵġ
ţӤ㾹Գ桭
һ̾ǾӤЦǺ˵ӴӴ㿴Է֮ٲ棬δЩ̫ء
˵ת˹ͻȻָ̧ҶһЦ˵Ҷ⼸Ѱ޵ҿ㾮ˮˮҲ㣬û뵽㾹ȻűˣǿЦ
⻰Ҷֲ˶üңɫ˵ӤΪⰢ޵е֮ȻҲȥҲ¶ܾ˵ĻǾͰϹƵµĴҽ
Ӵǣ㾹֪ĸͷӵ£
ŮһЦֲ˵ûĸͷȷʵҸձⰢ޵ʱ϶鷳ʵҷ϶Ҳʶ࣬ҪҺͽ⣬Ҳ֪˳¸̨ˡʱ϶˵ڰ޵ڳưԣܵظԴ˶֣ڵظӣôԸչе²̨ҪΪĸͷĽҲǱȫ˵ظӣֻұа
ô˵ĴҽȷʵУҶʡ
ѽ
ŮػشһתЦǺ˵ΪҪǽ㣿ʮЭֻǲѰգϾڰ޵֣˵Ҹ޹أٶЭ񲻻ᱻЦ
ôҶʡ
ǣҿʼѾעǵΨһ³Ҷ֪ҵƢ㾹Ҫ·ϣҾҪȫʬ
Ů˵ŻͻȻЦͻȻ䳯һ֣һκ֮Ȼӿ촫
ǮӿĳˮǱеĺ嫴󺣣Ҳ̧ͷһŵɵۣͼѹѹİ֮УƺƵ̳Ѿɢ٣ȡ֮ģһƬˮ
Ǻˮڿƴطţ쳯ŵѹֱǽӿĴ󺣵˰֮ƵģϸһͷϷǲ׳غϣƯһ֧СӵСкȫͷ½ϣȵڴأȻСкҲǾӤһ֣νӤָľŸӡ
ʱͼССкͻȻ̧ͷɨһۣЦ˵ҶҶǣǵ죬㲻ҪΪԼ˶ܷ׻㿴ҽ첻ħĹԴ˻һ
ۿǷ˳ԽԽ󣬾ԽԽҶɫѿʱȴԳԱ̧ͷɨҶһʣ¸ô죿
ô죿
ҶһЦּ̧䣬ѩɫĹѾưȻѾս׼
ӤˮȴԼǲ֪סˣҲ֮С
ҶĻ˵һȴͻȻǻӵĶ洫˹
Ӥ޹أҪҵĵϿսҲղýҵֵҲȥɣ
ѭһ˵ɣѾԼƥɫŵŻǾͷϵľӤ
⻰˵Ĳ٣ȷʵûʲôϵ
ͷŮЦЦְ˰˵˰ˣҲɱ޹뿪⣬
лˣ
һ⻰ɸϽȭлתֿζǸתͷܣһȺҲһӤǰϽĶӣһ֧˵ľӣԴɢ
Ҷǿܣǣһܲ
ŮҶ΢΢һЦ˵֣һͷϿյĺ£һι״ĺʼŷŤЩͷģһӺͿҪǵͷˣһֻθߴľ޴㣬ǺʱѪһţǡһ¾͵סͷ޵ҽ֮£˺ʧ
һ£һеħʱѾǺӵһͻȻ䣬ΧӵһֻħˣǱΧˣ
⻰ҶǸϽͷһţ֪ʲôʱңĩβȻҲѾ߰ߣ֪ʲôʱ򣬴˷ðĻ澹ȻγһԲεĻ󣬰ȫС
ϣһҴңУ˷޿裬ħѾŵöᶯˣŵĿ⳯Ҷ۹ƺֻڵʩսһȺħ㡭
ȻˣȻҲȫħѾŵÿʼӴǵͺܿͱˣȻӣӵʲôطȥأ
ⷨޱߵľӤݵأ޷ӹһˡ


1052 
Сǣɱ
ͻȻ䣬ͯͯŮͬһʱͬһŭͬħ̶ĺһˮɽѹǺĺ֮УȻһֻֻħ͵
ӦսӦս
ۿһֻֻħͬһӿǵĶΣһǵĶ鳹״ҡ
ɻûȻأȴĸԵλȻҲʼһزҽУھͷϳԶȥͼǴ˷Χһ֮УҲܳһֻֻɫɫħȻӤ֮ڣ˿ؿƴĺˮܿƵϵһҰڽԼµħˮ֮УҲЩˮ˺ǡ
һ£ȻѾ׵׵رӤΧм䣬ȻǲѷˣʱƬˮһֻֻħҲʼҶڵľͷ˹ءҲİɡ
־һЩصСආѣȻҵ廹δָݱݻ֣ǰԳҶﱣħȻȽѾǴξˡ
ʱһȥʮҲѾʹӻЩӤħվһţ˲ɱһţľս
Դħ֮󣬸ħ¼Ҳμ˲٣֮ս֮սħսۣɱĲпử棬ȴǵһοҲֻϹħսвܿĻɣ
ϧǣ˾ĶǵսȴֻСñм䣬޷źұ
սǵصزҽнţϲӿĺѹ׵ʱͻȻֹͣȻСϡҰϷľӤô򵥾ͽȫɱֻǺˮѹûһЩ޴ħСĸ߶ȣЩӴħ޷̧ͷȻͻ뺣ˮ֮жϢûϢҲᱻںеһֻֻħιȥȺ֮
δⱻɱЩӴħֻܸ壬һֺƲսһӦΧսأûõĹͬľͷһͼħܼս֮УһֻֻͬɽȻ£һȺӤµħεزڽ£׸š
ǽǾҲҪŲסˣһս֮ħʼеĸ¡ϵһƬƬۣܿ죬ǾߵѪ߰ߣȻҪʹˡ
ҿ첻ˡ
ǾͻȻڣѶõͳߵͷƴɱҶüԶһۣµľߺٳһʱ䣬ܿͺáܿͺá
ֻ˵ţû˵νġٳһʱ䡱Ƕ೤Ǿߵȼ˶־ԳβɨУվ
ʱƣⳡսųСʱʱҷħȻѾʧأЩӴľΪ޷ȫȫӭս붼ս֮вЩӴֵܵˡ
ٿΧȼչĻƣѾսɵԽԽСħս֮𺣣յξֹۣܲҷ֮ƣѳΪ˶֡
ݱݡԳԼҶ˻мңĶᵽɤۣļ٣ȴȫûκεİ취룬ֻܸżµľߣȻҲѾƣ˺۵ջҲ֧ţͨһˤ˵ϣЩƷȥ
ʱҶٶ̧ͷԶͻȻһۣŻԳԳ㿴ʱӦò˰ɣ
ҶһԳҲԶȥһͷش˵ҿˣǸʱжˣ
ԳԭëѪһɱѱħ֮ѪȾͨ죬ЩѪԼѪԳ֮ݶͬΪ֧ĺһ㡭
ܺã커С뿪Գһжˡ
ҶҲһ㶣Ͻǵڴʲô⣿
ʣԳߣ
˵ŻҶͻȻһקסңͽӵԳıϣԳҲûһ͵һʹѾѪȾľߵͷ­ϴȥοһĨѪ硭
գۼĹԳѾս֮Уżڵһ㣬ȴ׾ٵطڶ𣬲̤ǰһֻֻħ塢ͷ­ͳսֵıԵ˹ȥ
ԳǵҪʲôѽ
㣿ɣ
Գһǰ첽ɴܣһ߳ŭ˵ٷϻֻܹԹԸңĪҪ˸һƬģΪ㣬ٶ۵ȫΪնϣ֮һҪμİ
ʲʲôն
⡱һԳѲңǰĲͱսıԵ̧ǰһǰһƬͬǽڰΧһһ֮УʮֻӤµħؿЦš
ֵ︮ܺڣ커ɱȥ
Գһӭ泯ȥһŭ𣬺û䣬ͼһֻֻһѪƴħѿʼ۳ԳΧ˵мֻνϴǰΪԳ·
ۿžҪɵǽʱΧһȺħͻȻӿ˽Ųһӭͷֱֱسײ˹ȥͬߺ
а
⻰⡱һ
˭뵽ѱ˼︮︮壬ȴһȺħ޵Ŀк˳


1053 ɽ
ءءء
һֻֻħŭſںײǻγɵǽڣ˲屻һȼɣΪҽ
ǲδκεĶҡһδμҵײ֮󣬲ЩӤµħײ˳ںһγɵġǽڡϣײһ
ֵǣлˣ
ϰԳһУײĶûպϣʱ䱳ҡᡱһһĽŵǰһɱʱͻȻִǾŸ캢ӵؿЦ
ҪܣܰҿܲܵóҾӤġ
ǿЦʱͻȻͼϵĺ淭׳Ĳ뾪ΣһˮΪˮһХͳҵײһʱ䣬ħӿزײöᣬҶݱݶѾδȥľͷϸȥ

Գ㵽ҪȥĶ
ذ޵ʱĻôԳٱѾǰһСʱʱ䣬ѪζŨսѾԶԶر˦κεɱҽ
һ·ϣƵƵһЩССħĹϰԳҲ˵ģҲĸЩħսܾ֮ܣҲ֪һСʱĹ򣬵ױܳ˶Զȥ
ҼηʣҪұʲôطȥȻϰԳȴֻȣƺͲ˵Ƶģ̲סˣ΢ָ˵ͿʼƴŭֻϣܴϰԳ
Գ֪ҺµҩˮʱƵģ
ŭ˵Ҳ֪ҩˮõܳŶʱ䣬Ѿڰ޵ںķôõĹٲϽ취صĻʱҲûʲô֮ǰ㾹Ȼѡܣѵ˵ñһӱŲɣ
СȱżǾ͵Ŀĵˡ
ϰԳһ˵һ߱Ҽǰ壬ͻȻ̧һָǰ澹ȻһС£ϰ׹ǰõسζƺ֮УóģŻ
ʲôط
һ䣬ʱϰԳֽҡȡ֮󣬿ʼĽŵزشϴܡ
ʲôطҪҪǡˡ
û䣬ϰԳѾ£һ·ط۵糸ȻҲѾޣһ£Ľһͨһͷ˵ϣҲӱϸ˦ȥ
Գô
ڵ˼֮ǱϽȥ鿴ԳͼԳſڵһȻѾƣȻͼʱԳȴǲΡΡ̧Ŀǰ΢΢һЦ
Ϊ֮㣬ȻǸ˰
⻰һɵǰһ⡱һͼСɽµض棬һ׳ɽһԱ󽫣ֳźسǹֿһˡִ죬ı󣬻һ֧ʮ˵ħ飬ЩħģһѪ˺ۣȻ֮ǰҲովһս
ɡ
һѾɽµǳ΢΢һЦһ˲棬ִ˲ӭչ
Ϊʲô
ֽһҪվѾԳԳȴһקסңҡҡͷ˵Сӱ嶯һġ
ʲô
һʱ⻰Ȼûܻһģôأ
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ϵƺǿ룬¶һĨЦݣ˵ԴҶ޵ȷʵҪȻңҷҵؽϾ˽˶Թ¹°ΣӲ񻹶Եڣ
ɹֱȭӲ죬ԳԱ˵С侲˵ģ֮󣬸Ͻȥ֪ͨɽϾҪǰӤأҪͨ谭ɽĵؾﶼףǵʵҪڰ޵ڸٹ̵ľӤʵԶԶ㣬ҪȳĴҽǿֻȡ
ȡθȡ
һŸһ£ͼһгǹűĽʿŭֵǣĸͷڣ
һŭ֮󣬾ͼʮ˵Ķɢܣмλã¶һֻ׵Ŵ
ǽͷһǣһĸ񿴵﷢飬ǰ˼ͣɵսǰͻȻſԼŴ죬ࡱһȻӶ³ĸճճҺͷ
ʱ˵˼Ѿ˵ˣԭοΪ𢲻ϧͷ­ѪԭѣȻܲܣҪˣҰǴˡ
ҾʱԳԱЦЦ˵ɽ壬ʵ̤֮ǰѾ¸˶Թǽͳһսߡɽĵؾ֮ʲô֮ǾӤĵؾˣϵôģĳǾӤԼԲӲضԳǣǰɽ¼ƲߣʹһСɽơҷȫΪնӤʱɽװߣ;ϮӤĹþӤħڣѪϴ˾Ӥĵ̡
һοǵ鷳Ҳˡ
ҡͷ̾˿ֿЦ˵ҶٶʱûܶȻңȴңӤĹѾǹƣӤǣҲ˵Щʱˣж־ϧһοһˡ
˵ŻתĸҺ˹ȥ˵λܵСֵܣΪ°ΣԮ֣Ⱦɡ


1054 ԶҪ
ɻһڣĸ׷ͷȻһҡͷԵĲ˵
ǰϰ֮ˡд󽫣ֻΪĶܹǣĸͷģԴȸһͷһţŭװǻƵģԭһ·ѾĥƤӸǽ˺ܶˣǵװﲻ
Ƕôõˣ˼ΣĶʲôϵ
ǱߵͷһƨһվɨһۣΪѵ˵˵ǶʦˣɼǶʦҲֻʱʦѣ˵ˣǶûɵõĲҽ飬һҽѣǵʦ㲻ϣǸأ
Ǹַ߷
ոձͷ΢΢һЦ˵ǷҪģ󡾫̵ǣǿи°ѽȻͶ̥һǺòþƵؿǣǾӤҲҶǲص׼һ˾סְֲȥͶ̥֮࣬ǿɹأڿɺãʲôǸˡ
ĸ˶
⻰ɱֱֱ̣Ӱĳǹ׼Ƕͷ̣ŵͷ˵ı㣬𣬱嶯㣡ڰǺúͻȥӤ˵㣬Ҫɱǣ˶Ҫ
϶вң
Խ˵Խ߬ųǹһʱ䣬ЩʿԼҺԳĿ¶ѾᵽɤۣңϾʢŭ֮һǹȥҾˡ
˭֪ҪͷȴͻȻ͵һѽǹڵϣû˷ӦأȴѾͨһڵأĸͷͷ
ĸͷˣµһȺʬҲס
λǿ֪ΪԸӤðűӤȫΣգҲҪҵĵҶæ
⻰˵꣬ĸ˶û˵ȫؾš
ͼɵԲ˫׹ŭĸͷͻȻ̧߬ס߲еĴ죬ֺ
ɰ˻һΪҰɳƶãһźã
ΪɽӻԾսǰͺ¹⡣
Ϊ׹ƺ쳾ݿţһԡ
ĸ˵䷬ѻ磻ɺ޳й˽ߣģɡ
ϥӽԾΩ̫Ůǿշװ
չ᳤磬Ƽҫҽ²ݲҽ
ѵмӢң񳪣űһƬ
Ѫ˻¾ʿ޲Ŀĸͷͷ
ҽ㲻ΰ󣬸㲻ʲôǧţΪ˱ԭ̫ƽΪ˱𢣬ЩССϡطˣϧѪɳλأ
ŭˣŵ˵ĿϽֺλǵƵµƵһ˼̫ƽȺȻǰˣ´ͷ׻Ｔ¾¶ѱȫλӲ
㻹õĽţȻ˵Ự
ɻһ˵꣬ոձͷͻȻһЦ˵Żǰ˼ͻȻ̧͵һ¾ͽɸߵڵء
һħ޲Ȼžǰ壬޲ýĸͷ̻һ㣬˭֪һȺħΧȴͻȻһ¡ȵã̧ͷͷҲ˵
˶һ֮ͷͻȻҡͷ̾˿΢΢һЦʣ֮Ŀ£ΪȴԸбתͶ̥ҪⰢ޵ڣأ
Ϊкиңиң
ǺǣȻˣΪҪҶҪСӣԼи˼أ
⡭
ͷһڣͻȻ㵣üͷ˵ΪΪˣΪ˵ΪΪ޷ϸֳǵĽǻΪҲãΪҲգʲôأʲôҶеҶΪ֮ҡ
⻰ڣ𾪵Īңⷬƺ˲һԭ︮ĿںšаĳԱ⣬ħ£ҪĲħеа
ж֮ʿһħӲ۶Էƶֻ֪ΪħұƲʵʱԶʤħħʱġ
һӵħȻԼȴ˵Ҳħ
˼䣬Ŀɱ
Ҳһ̾߹ȥͨһҲĸͷǰһЦ
λǰҶˣǲǲңڽ̻ңԴ̵ķۿ֮Ϊ޵޷İ޵Уеĵ֮£֮Уûʲô޷޵֮أϣκεط۵˺ʱεأֺαؾأ
ҳ΢΢һЦͬͷ
ǸոձߵͷͻȻЦһ߲ҺɣһֵͷЦ˵ʵôȻһֱڵظ֮УҲǶ鲻ŲʣǺγǾЩħģ˽أ˼֮ң׹밢޵ͶӤħţ˼ٴѣֺγĲϣĶȴǿˡǣôնԶؾĻ䣬ΪֻҪڵĵطϣǣϣ
˵һĸ߲һţʩһ񡪡
衢׹᪲ߣԸλһ֮


1055 
Ҵ裬ͨⶾѽ⣬ҿΪڽľˮˣͨ硢ʪ˾⡢ԪϢ˳ȴһĳء
ǣ¾ʿ򶴵ܡ
׹ͨѧⶾѽ⣬ҿΪʮ֣ͷͷ㣬߸أУⶾ䣬ȴһЩǴ̣ʩչ뷨
ǣЩµı֮вֵǣġжġġ̶ģҽ
Ҳߣͨѧⶾѽ⣬ҿΪͨ澭ķΣֻҪάάFFͨƹ䲻⣬ҪһЩΪ硭
ǣֵǣĶҲɣ
᪲ͨҩѧⶾѽ⣬ҿΪ徭ͨͨ˳֮ԲҩѸٻָվ˼䣬ҩѷҪʮְ޽еĶݡԼħ٣֮ҩǡ
ͱˣֻܰҪĶǣʣµĻȫǡ
һ£ʮħѾԴ
ûõĹ򣬸׼Ķѽ׼׵ˣұħĶѨ֮УĴҽڣ˳ʼΪҵ䣬˳ȥҲҩħ֮⣬ʣµʮֻħֳķɺϰԳĴ£ɫؼΧЩ͵͵ħһһ
ϾⰢ޵޷֮أСɽָעĿ֪䣬Ѿвɢħۼ˹ΧȴŹʱ
ӣ·˰ɡ
ѣ·
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Сı󣡡
ĴҽΪʱڷͻȻһħǵ˻ȻħѾû˹ɱͲҽ𡭡
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˵ϴӦˣҵȴȫսҲ֪ˡ
ʱȴһڴӺдġࡱͻȻӶڴԽԽҲŶڵķһۣһֻŰ˶۾İͻӶ˽
ϻ˺۵ģƺһս֮ˣˣ˶һҡԼֱĸΧмĴҽǸۺ죬˲׹¶һ֮¾Ҫ˹
βŸһԾ𣬾ᡱһźڹ˸һѺɫĳǹѴ˽͡һ¾ʹ͸ϻϻ˵ϡ
һ˳
ǷƣСء
ɵûǰǷ䡭

ʱһһعȥ֮Уֻеƺ𽥵ػָħĽУƺҲʼԽԽˡ
㳢һ
ǡ
軰һ䣬ѾͲסʼһʱ䣬ͼһźէ֣ǿ
ܺã㱣ųǧҪжϡ
ǡ

һͻȻֵ˺ѸкǿҴʹҳųûõĹ򣬾͸о۵ܣǿָоȴں᪲ƵĶĵҩ𽥼
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ллλĴ£ҿ²ٺúлһˡ
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ҹߵףվһߴ·һ壬ܳһǰľ˲侪ס
֮ǰСɽȻȳ˰׹ǣҲɾһɽϣʬѪɺӣѪڳһƬɽ
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ҾһѾصʬ֮ҵɺϰԳټеΪ֧ȻͦɽߴŵģԼƥİսԼ˺۵ϰԳ
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ҳȥһɻһڣԼȸоЦû£ôûأɡԳԼƥսѾɽΨһĻˣ֮⣬ɴʮħЩɽµħ԰ټƣʬҰҲ̶á
СӣĶ䣬û
̱ڵϵϰԳһ䣬ͷ
ϰԳʱһʱЦ˵ܺãûйһƬôҪȥ
˵𣬵ȻǷսһҪȥѧϰأ
ѾΪʩչһֻҪϤĥԼ͸
ϰԳ˵㲻ҪȥˣϧΪն񡭡Ƕ֪Ȼʽڰ޵һǾͲҪ飬뿪ȥ˰ɡ
ԣҾҪȥ˰
΢΢һЦĿᶨ˵ħΪһУǶȲˣܾ˭
⻰ϰԳһ㵣Ͻҡҡͷ˵СΣΣ嶯
ԳллѣҲδ嶯Ҫϣңƽȣ޷޵İ޵ҲҼȻ£͸ܷҵǸ


1056 ս
Գ㿴Ҳ¶˰ɣ
ͻȻһЦ˵Żֻ̧Ц˵֪ΪҪһֱս˰ɣҿɲⰮԣֻ֪СӾ뿪뿪ˣƾʲôȥ²
˵ŻҡҡληվΣͻȻ˫ֽ棬һ࣬ЦЦ˵һҪϢһȥⰮȽã뱼ս·
ɽлˣ
ҸϽ˵ͷһʱĳڣӵĸж
ֲٵʱ䣬̧Ųסɵ˫֣һУͰеսϡ
Ҳ·
ֽҵЦ˵ⷽԲ˭֪ɵţҵ죬û˸㣡
лɽ
ѧŹֱȭ΢΢ף̧սͷǣЦ˵簡磬ԴҽⰢ޵һıû뵽Ѿദôãֵܰ
ɵĻƵģȻڲԣҲ˵ӣзһ
㲻Ҫѹ֪Ҳ¸ٲҼסһҪСֵƽ͵սף
ս˻Դ˼ӣԼҡҡͷһʱ䣬ͼ˫ۺᣬҲûٶ˵ֻ̧ƨϺݺһģһɲǼս㱼ɣҳսķһֱȥ
ҲΪûƤĹϵܷ裬˼Ҫϲ֪٣һ·Ͼ缱ٵҶʺХҸ߾͸ҵǸ˴죬ǡӭչ裬Ȼ;һȺȺħһԼҿµľĶأЩ۵СҪأûȳҲѾѷɳ۶ǳ֡
ǱסˣҲνҲŸոյҪԼڵء
ɣһ·֮ûõĹͻȻǰһسɱ̧һǰںĻʲôϵʪˣȻǱӤŪЩˮġ
ˮһ壬øɺѪˣΪƬˮѾѪȾ졭
簡磬ллҹ
֪սϽǰžлûңٶȲһ㳯սɴܶȥҴһƬƬں֮Ѫܵսڵ
̧ȥսɼңȻ󲿷ħѾ˵زڵأЩʬĶܹ˵ϣԶڵϱҲһͨħѾȳ࡭
ҴսʱܿҾսȺ֮зҶӰһϮѪȾĳۣǳҲѾ˺ۣȻһս֮УҶҲ˲ˡ
ٿҶ治ԶͼһͬľߣҡͷɨβƲɵǾ߾оŸͷŸͷͷϸֱӡžŵͬģһҲܲµǾӤı塭
ûŹ嵽ҶǰȴǾͷߵһͷͻȻſѪڣͻȻһģһɫճҺѴӿҶ˵ķ˹
СĶҺ
ҶһϽקסݿսĵ󵹴˼ֻһǻɫճҺ˲Ҷԭվĵطը˿ճҺһɽΧħϣһعǺͼЩҺħ壬̿ʼڻ
һҽоȻǴҶԴȻһһֵܴӶҺ¾˳ȻɽĶҺǽһֻħˣҶקʱѾ˲俪ʼá
ҡ
ħһԼȿʼãʱһ˫۾ƿҶսֳžӤķ˹ȥ
ӤҸƴˣ
һŭ𣬿˭֪ûȳȥ岽ԶҺѾȫõֻʣ˹ͷꡱһͷͻȻ飬ħǰһбͨһԽ˶Һ֮У֮嶼ڶҺпʼá
ֵܣǱ𣡡
Ҷһŭ𣬼ΣյҲҪһٳǰʱѾҳ嵽ıҺһϽһ𣬵ǰҶһŵػͷһۿң˲䵹һ
㣬ôֻˣ
Ȼǻ㣡
΢΢һЦۿǾͷߵһͷѾſѪڣû³ҺȳǿһƴȥһʱѪɫ裬ƾ֮ȻһѪɫ硰ಡһ͹ǾߵѪ֮Уųը˸ϡá
Ѿָˣ
ǰҿһĴҽѾΪҽ⿪˶䡭
ȻѾ⿪㻹ʲô
ϣǡ
΢΢һЦһʱ䶷־ֻŸҶﲢս˭֪һճڣҶȴѾزЦ
ϣģǹ˵ϣŶԣ
ҶͻȻŭ͵һȭҵϣûҷӦȰҴڵء
Сӣ㿴ʲôϣԣѵԳûи㣬Ǿǹն𣿡
ҶԲ۾һͨŭе£ϽԳѾʲôˣΪ︮ˣܷǲܣǸȴٶ޷֮أҲǲԸҲǸΪβܣ
㡭Сӡ
Ҷһ£Ĭ֮տЦҡҡͷ
ǣû뵽︮ĴˣһɵӣǰӤ֮ҲˣϣⳡսУȫûеĶ


1057 Ӥ
ҶﻰճڣȴһҶ洫˹ŮȻۣȴŭòΡΡģҲ֪˵ǾӤ
̧ͷһͼӤոձҴõǿͷڽϣֻԭԭģҲû̫ȣϾҲ֪Ӥͷǲſͷ­һըĻɱٴζ޼¡
С㻹һǺã㿴ҲʬΣЩ󱲣ȻҰң뿪ʱ͵ϮҵĻʹɱǡɱǡ
䣬Ӥ忪ʼӼҵزڶȻǸˡ
ɨҶһۣʣ˵Ļܲͬʱľſͷ­һ飿
ܣһ޷Ƥ⣬ʹƾԣͬʱʩչƾ֮𣿡
Ҷﲻмɨһۣҡҡͷʣôħ֮ѵͲѡʲôһӤľͷ𣿡
ûõģոѾԹˡ
Ҷ̧ǰһָͼӤ޴֮£˵ϰپʬ壬žӤһȺħסûǶ֣ҶּҴ˵㿴û֮ǰѾֵǷ˼νϣͬʱǾӤľſͷ­ܽӤĶǸ֣ھӤµЩħҲи߰˰УǧŸʮȴѾ˾Ӥǰ
Ӥô
Сӣ⻰ǶڣԼ˵أ
ҶһۣҲҲĬ
ǰӤѾ֪ˣ⻰˵˵ڰ˵֮ǰӤΪһֱûж֣һǿѹȸУֱȫ޷ģҸոȼĶ־˲ֱϨ̼䣬ĵľ
Ӥǿ֮ˣҪ߻ü
ҶͻȻڣ˵ŻͼһŶҺϮҶæСġקּˡ
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뿪뿪ĶȥҲʡ
˭֪Ҷֵһۣɵǲǣƾ֮һ뿪޵ͨ·͸ϴһ˲ɣ
⾪Ķǵʱ̣ҶҪǲһˣȷʵʽڰ޵дһ뿪ͨ
뵽һ񣬸Ͻ־˵һҲ̫ף;Ӥ˭ǿ
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ҶֵҺǧֲӤһħ֮棬ǵܸᲢۣ
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Ųǰ٣⻹֪ħģҶ
ֻǲףȻŲǰҲ˵ӤڣⰢ޵֪ħ֮Уһٶֻʵ֮ϣô֮ϵĹƸ࣬Ϊʲôֻҷƾ֮뿪޵ЩħȴУѵǾûҪ뿪
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Ҳ˵֮⣬Ⱒ޵ڵħжǿ󣬶޷ӳ޵һ
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Сһ
һȫӤҶһŭ𣺡»ȥԮѵҪѰ·
Ҳµһ֣֮¾޷޵֮أﶼȲˣһʲô︮ĸ
Сӡӡ
ҶںһͨȻұƽӤȴǲĵس˹
˾ӤǾӤĶҺͬһ㳯ҵѾĴҽĵ֮ȫָȫʢ״̬һұ֮˾Ӥǰ
ϣҾͲûɱķɱ㣬ҲҪħͷð
˵ҽķ˵Ӥϣһƾ͵شšءһ죬ŰͼӤĶըһѪƬ׷ɣ۵þӤһҽС
ϺÿĿΪɱңϸûɱң
ŭ֮УӤһҡͷԣΧħһҷܲسӤҲҶĴ£žӤ˹
ӤһͻȻ޴ͻȻ仯Ť֮һǰ˫צǰϾȻʼһͬë
ûһǾӤȻſǰצһȣһʱǿŰóħǷɳԶӤѽڿնëҲʼϵƬ϶˳ȻΪһֻͷС
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ǻһײڵϺȻը͵ػͬһ㿪ʼΧɢܺüδӻ̧ͷڰյľӤЩ֪ˡ
ҵۣûȾӤٶȷ𹥻Ͻһͷִһءһдܳ磬ЩҶ
Ҷÿ죬һ㿪һʹܵҵǰͷϴһ£ŭ˵СӵˣʲôϷҶɱǲǣ
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ţ
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Ҷ˲侪㵣ֳҵʣСӣ㵽ʲô
ٺ٣Ϣŭһˣ
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뿪ٺ٣Ѿˡ
ҺٺһЦֻ˵Ĺ򣬾Դءһһ۵Скҵ󡭡
С֣ң
Скݺݵɨһֻۣ˵ĹΧִһ죬˸СкҲѾӿ£ҺҶΧм䡭
Сİ
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ڣ
˶ңҸϽһ˫۷ųϰž˵ĺײȥһʱըážһͨ죬˭֪ȵȫɢǾ˾Ȼ𡭡
СӣΪǱɾŸӾͻСΣӤȻΪΣ˿ˡ
Ҳѽ
⻰ʲô˼
Ҷһ㶣ֺٺЦ˵˼ѾңüޣԾһҲ
⻰ڣҶҵĻ֮⣬ͻȻɫ־㣬ò롭Ӥ
û˼ңҸףӤⰢ޵ﶼҪĳڽǺͽ֮£
΢΢һЦֳŵҶ˵Ȼֻܴ򿪰޵ԾͰǶųȥ˵ɽۻۻ֮أ
˵꣬Ҷ͵صһ˵㣬СӳǷˡ


1058 䣬
ǰٲˡ
˵ǾŸڴӾŸΧ˹ҺҶϽмܣȻǳûִһƾֱֱ˸ոձҴͨǵš
ոһƾ𿪵Ĺţʱ˿𽥵СһһըǹֳŴЩ
ȻܾӤͼٴһƾ֮ǹųſøʱӤȻƽ
Ÿ۵Сȷʵ򵥣ˮڻסЩҶأΧһȺħ︮УҲѾۣ߶ʮһͿʼϳ壬ΪǷֵ˲پӤʽ
ǣɲֹۣȷʵ͸Ҷ˵һӤǱ߻Ǳ񣬶ξ޴ֻܷΧԴٹȴû취ϸµ׼һ˽һӱ˾ŸСɾͷĶˣֱо֮ǰξ޴ʱĻҪ˲١
мܾӤʱͷһɨͼǹѾʼպϣɵؼͷ񱻼ӲסæмѲĶлųƾǹųŴѽ
˭֪ʱҲע⣬ҶͻȻһ͵קסҵĸ첲ҵסϽͷ˵ҶҪ
㲻Ҫѧʽ֮ǰΪʾһΣȴ˵ûмôοˡ
˵ҶקܣδӾӤʽ֮½ӣͼҶɿҵĸ첲ͻȻ˫һ𣬰һ֮ɢѩ׵Ҳͬһըɢ
һʽ硭֮Ϊʹ
ŭǰɢһóСкʱ˼ʱȴһһ۵ŮѾ˳׸֮ͬӥʳһͳǵķ
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칷ͻȻҲһڿն𣬷ߴʱݱֵܸԻűоʹ칷ֵͬʱУԱеסǾӤŮĹ
ڶʽСǧѵݺᡭ
ŭҶͻȻһţű߰Ѿĵڿն𣬱Ҷһץס
һ˦֣һ˲ͼһѩɫץסǵ˦һѩ׵ĳݱֵмĿ϶һȥֱֱǾӤŮĿڣϧȴŮʱּ̧֣һĴǵײһţըɢС
ʽݺ£ҳ
ŭʱһӤŮѴӲ泯Ϯ˹Ҷееһ˲䣬ֻýָһ˦һΪҵŮûȷӦѱ˳ʮԶ
ʽƼס¶޼᲻ݡ
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ˮһ飬кҲ˳ԶûվȽŸҶ˵׷ȥ˫ȻƳһе˲϶ΪһΪһءһǳ粻ƫײкؿϣֱӰкը˸ǡ
һʱ䣬Χ˸ħǲסͯŮͯͬʱǿֱ﷢󣬿޺˸Ӽͬһʱս֮˷ֳ
Сӣ죡
ʱҶȴһקסҵĸ첲һֱ̧Ӱ׵˿ȥҵŸһڿնִֻҶһŭ𣺡ʽ񡭡
һڣҶһŭ𣬾ͼһҵȻҶٶ֮ɲͬЩǻһ㣬һ̳˷˹ȥƺҪ˺ܴһƵġ
̼䳾ϵʬֱѳɸС飬ոİ˸ӣҲѱö󵹷˳ȥ
һʽضǽڷɢȻȲƾ֮ǰ˸ӵɳûԶͶѾȵ˵ϣҲѾӿ
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֮ûзſңͻȻץסҵ˫ֱ֣ڣ֮ڸ֮䣬ΪЩڵܹоġ
ҸϽ˵ͷҶ˵ʱ͸оĽȣоһɲҵ˳Ĳλʼҵ
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𽥾ۼɣЩͶϵȫųµܵԸҵνʽǰʽĿıڽųֻзųܴµνţ»˵˲û¡µԶҵģҵҵʽҪͼ÷ܴ졭ʽ䡭䣬ޣ
Ҷ˵䣬һɰɫȻð˳ȫסŸѾΧƽ
Ҫ裬Ҿ赽ףҪⰢ޵Դ˵Ȼ޴桭


1059 ڤ
Ҷﻰû䣬ͻȻͼһ޵عⲨˡһ˳ɢ⣬ε𵴣ǹⲨһľŸֲҽű˻ȥȻⲨȻ˴ˣȴ޷ء
ǹⲨըͻȻּһɫͬһҶɳһХЩǵصһ裬һ֮ͻȻڵ֮ϡ֮žըɢһʱ䣬Щըĵطֳһһչ
⡭ǡ
Сӣĵȥְɣһ̡
˵Ҷ΢΢һЦȻòԣȻûٿʻҶͻȻݺؿһƣһΣȻѩɫİ֮³ȥͼסվãȻͼҶһšءһһȻؿըȴû˼ҷֺҿʼɿˣ⳯űɨȥû뵽ոҶըһţλҵ󡭡
Ҷ㡭
СӣȲΪ£Ҷ޵ҲΪ£´ңҵʹҲþʹ˽ˣѲ︮ĸĸ㣬ζҲôҲգһգѾغ̫ãҲʱȥСˣء
ҶﻰһڣҲصһȻûȰ裬ҵѾײ֮˳ǹŷ˳ȥӹзһ˲䣬ֻҶͻȻһȡ
˼ңֻػкã´ͷֵǣʣµͽˡ
˻ƴ˺ѵĹ֮ɨȥȴҶ˫ͻȻʼӡ˫߬ȭ˫͵һ񣬡ءһһȻҶζգۼعͳԶ֮ɢ
ϸһҶΧЩըĹȻ˺֮£ͬһƵģȻȺ˺ѿһ壬ĵһƬֱһǧٿ׵ĺںòʱ˿һǿ˺ѡ
ܿ죬бҶըĹһ壬ǻ磬ȻʹҶΪԲĵ˷ױ˺һӡʱӤҲŭسҶȥ
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ٶŰըɢһ˲䣬Ҷ徹Ȼըһը˿ŰŸƵ󷴵һҪǵıѾ˺ĹţŸӸûȷӦѾը˰޵֮ĵط
̱ڵϣûȴӾ֮ѹһһһӰѾӹ֮׷˳׷ҵԻסңȻݱݺͱű칷
󣬾һغɱӰ޵촫Щۼ֤Լ׷֮ħǣѶʼܲؿʼ޵֮塭
һ˳Źų޵̷ֱǾŸմӵվĺӣӲҪغȦͳ˹ȥͼȺ֮
˭ϾŸһݣڿն˲Ӻһһˮ֮ذȻڿֻΪ˾ͷ񣬿дһ
ҶΪŪ޵Ҿ㲻ɣȻѾҵֵزãһҲҪư԰޵ҸҪưԵظư˼䡭
ѾΪͷľӤֿʼӾѪ֮һŵػغ˲䱬ըըΧһƬҽ
ϸǰ޵ըĹһƺΪһιűը̫ԵʣȻû֮ǰըǵһʼϣħѾʼȿֺشӰ޵֮ӿ˳һΣɲ֮ǰҶЩħˣΧٿսħһ޵ֳڣҲӵͼӳǿµİ޵
һʰҲɵذĶᵽɤۣȻΨһĸоȴֻ˷ܣҰɣҰɣԽԽãҾҪ֮ؽʤڴһ
ݱԱ߶ŽžСѽС˴ˣֻ֪س͵ǧжپУСҲֹǧһҪжħܳѽ
ݱʱͱ˵ôˣ
ݱԹʱѾ߬еŰ֮ŰؾӤں˾սļƣͻȻֻͷɨһۣСϴ˵㣬Ǵ򲻴򣡡
ܣ
һ£˵תȾܣ칷Լݱݶɵۣ˰ŻǡϽ׷ңһ߸ǰһֵۺСӲǰɣôܣ
칷ϵıҲʼԹǰСҶ︮Ϊ˰Ⱒ޵ĳڣϧξѵԼȴҪ
Ƿİɣøװȥһʲô︮
ɨ˼һۣûǰܡ
˳ŻȪ·ǰʱһͷɨһۻɽ¾ͷһȺħսľӤȻ߸ڵذ֮УһٵģһȺħԼڿնħܵ
Ѿ;ӤսһŵģѾҶˣٳӳ޵ħӤڳϿĿĵعŶΪǾӤͼֹ밢޵ҲɱۣľӤˡ
žӤû׷Ҽǰܣʱ칷ͻȻַ˵СӣȻһֱçײģ֪㲢ɵӣȻѾ޷ճˣ˵㵽ʲôı
ǲ𣿡
ɨ칷һۣüͷ˵ӤϹ֮棬ǰյذ޵ҲҪưԣܵУôô밢޵أ


1060 ħ
⻰˵ǾսʱҾһֱ·Ͽ⡣
ϹŴ˵ӤܵУ۷˶û취òиִͨ棬ջɱ֮桪Ӥ
ʱжϣʱûʲôܵظһ˵ֻ֮һƬ۷ٵڤ˺ħ֮꣬һֱ֮սʱظͣӴֻأ֮䡢ħڻ˿
Ҳ˵ھӤһֱڤ֮Уڰ޵ڼЩħ꣬һֲŵʱ˿ûмˣҲ˵ڤ֮ǶʱڣӤҲǼ޵еģܵظͣ˭ôı£Ūİ޵أ
תһ룬ϰԳ˵ӤˮȴԼƢⷽ棬˵ҶŴȥԼȻס뿪ذ·ǾܿóӾӤжħΪ֮棬ǰˣ޵ڣƺûһħܱܵظ߹ߡʮ޶زмȻֱǡ϶ôֵĵط
ҰԼ˼Щݱݺ칷һ˵Ҳס˵ôǲӤ߸ϰʮ㣬ʮ޶ΪʲôӦʮ޿ĴҽҪأ
һӤԼ˵
칷Ա߲廰˵Ӥ밲Ĵڰ޵±ʮ鷳Բǿͬ˶ԷҪ󣬾͵ڴ˻ַĺͬӴ˾ˮˮ
ôһ˵Ǹ𣿡
칷˵ֿ꣬˵ӤƢ𱩣Ҳ֪ԼӦʮ޵֮ʮ޻ڮԼ֪һɣԼϾͳΪʮ޵߹ӤǺεȵǿʮ޸ɧ͵Ѱ·ظĸҽأ
˵ɨݱһֵۣܸϽҡҡͷʱݱӻ˵ϸһ룬˵ҲеҲЩԡ밡Ӥ˵밲ȴڰ޵ɼȻҪȵģֺαڰ޵ưԣʮֳҰĲ˵ôڰ޵ﲻ뿪أʲô⡭
û⣡
ҽӹ˻һǰһ˵ȻĻ֮ǰƾ֮ըһȥǹûɺӺˣῴǷûҶ︮ӤӰ޵ը֮ǾӤؾ㵣ֳ˼Ҳ²⣬Ӥǲǲҳܵظûа취ظ֮УԲһþӤ־֮ˡ
ظָˣ
ݱһ㶣΢΢һЦ˵ǰħ磬ʲôĴ޽ڵظ֮аɣ˵ˣһ۰ѵظֳϵɹǿҪס˰ɣ
ǺǣСˣɣʲôɣ

ݱһڣҲһ㶣ʱֽӻ˵ǰνħ磬Ի˵˵ѣԱħϹˣƣʵʵ˵ɣ
ûɣǡ
ˣϸûɣӦ˵ɣѲˡ
ݱ̾˿˵ֵܶ˾Ϲ伸սһսδҲһֱԹۣҲ֪ȥ
һ߸ǰܣݱһ߸Ҽ򵥵ؽһβΪ֪ʷ
Ϲ䣬ħˣͳˣŽһҵؽ֮ħܣҾ¾һսΪ֮ս֮ʼϹЩ߸ϵѾˣ˵һС֣ҲЩħ׷õĲбܽѡ
һս֮ȻõġɡȴҲһΣǾϹѾϰ߼ħħΪ֧У󲿷һսʧȥûԼƣû˾Уܶ˿ʼ޷죬̳ʱڣһӶҹȻڼŮŮ洹᲻ʫo˺ܶ൱ʱʿ˵ķС
Щʿ˽Ǽ̳й£Ҳ֪ɵĿɹȴԲҶħǼ߻֮ǾٷһսԹħĳʱȥһµoĤݣ˼
һս֮󣬼˶Ϊٵ˽ܱΪoӴ칬ٻ˼䣬ǴӴµĤݶ˼̫ƽ
ʵνķ֮սĴ˵һʱȷʵвܵĸ˱Ϊ񣬵칬ڡһսΣֻǻ˼䣬ɲħһӵ֮ܣǱ֮Ϊ񣬵ɻϲɲͨͨ˶ѡ
ˣ۷ҵҵ֮ˣʱ˼ҲᱻΪoԹˣ˳̼ݣһɷԷԵɵʿ˰вĿֻһҪţȷʵڵġ
νЩʥӽĴ˵˵ҲһЩ˼ʿڰвѣ񣿺֮֮֮Уνġħ磬ʵҲԱ֮öѣν˽ģΪаΪħֻһУˡħûзֿһн𡭡
⣬ⲻܰ
ݱ渵ҳɵۣ־˵ǼȻûɣЩڤǴĶأ


1061 
ʲôǲǾǹѡ
ݱش˵ʵйĹ֮˵ͬĳҲǺпѧݵġѧľۣ˼ʱͿռ䣬ͶĹ˵ͬʲô棿Ϊҡָľķ˷ǿռ䣻Ϊָľʱ䡣ʱռһ弴棬аŹȥʱ䣬Ҳ˵֮Ȼ֮УҲһ֣Ҳǹ֮ܣΪ߱ЩԽһ˵˾ͱΪ֮һʵ˵ˣʲô񣿹ҲǱһǸĹѡ
˵й񣿡
СӣҪôȥˣǹʵȫĶҲȫɺֵ֮ĲãǶֵĺã˳̣ɣ˵֪֮УԶģţȴԶаģʵ׿ΪǴϵıǩͬһֶѡܵظ˼ǰʿԼĹкģЩˣѱΪ߸ϵ񣬵ʵһһδȥͶ̥Ĺ֮࣬󲿷Ѿɢˣ֮ϵģֻǵĸִ˵ѣЩǰ˵ģȴɽЩΪ·ǿЦ
ô˵ôȷʵЦЦ׽
һһϸ룬ѾЩˡ
ʱԱʵιСӣʲôƻأ˵ظ֮оӤµ˴ڣվļѣһûأҶ︮ԼˣдӤظ˵ɶǴͷ
Ѳͷ𣿡
ҿһЦ˵ֻͷŻȪ·ľͷһۣӤںһȺ޵ڵħѽѷ֣˲ǣжһ
ɾʱݱȴ߰һá̧ͷǰһһҲɵۡ
ǰĻȪ·ϣֻһڤ׵񱼹ǰͷӵһο࣬һɵĴɫۣøǳªޱȣ߬ŰӣǱˣظ
˵
ûȴӳ嵽ǰظȻŭŵݱݡͨһ͹˵ϣ칷Ҳʼ㣬ҸϽͣ½Ųӹڵߵݡ
ݱݣ˵֪
ظûңͣ½Ųǳݱŵݱ˵ͷ˵ˣظֺ˵Ǹ˰޵ҲǣϾΪϹ֮ϹŴ٣γǸʲôǵûпס쵰Сӣ޵ˡ
ϢŭҲ֮
ݱæͣûȰѻ˵꣬ŭظѾһžͰ߷ڵأһ߬סҵĲӣСӣӶܵظңѾ˰ɣڹŹһȺûƽְѰ޵һȺħ˳Ǽлǣװܵظ̱ǲǣ
Ϣŭҽ͡
ͣӿûʱ㻨ţЩ˵ץ
ظһŭ֮󣬱һȺ̴Ұڵصͬʱеļͬݱһ͸ѹǾǰߡ
ʱһˣ޵أƶ֮޷ָЩħӵӳˣô죿
ô죬Щħڵظ֮ȹŹĶǿö࣬ǲ˵ظȥʮ˧ȫҵסȪ·һֻħ
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ǹһϽŴϰǰ·ڿʼ·ϣ˾ͼҴҵسӵ˹ȥ
ʱظֳҵ˵ۣ˵㣬һٷŹ㣡˲ǣӷҪͬݱһξѡ
ˣǼģ¼ʱͿҪˣʱǲܻعĻԼͻɢġ
⻰˵꣬ظһţֺ˵⻰ѵвң
ˣôвأֻĿǰȷʵС˵ļƻ֮ڣСˣһ棬Ҽƻʵʩȥɡ
ҸϽظ˸ͷݱԼ칷ҲʼԱΪҳЩ·ϵĹ򣬽ҵļƻ򵥵ظظ˵һ顣
ݱ˵꣬ظüͷ˼һ£ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵СӣҪʧˣܵظǧ꣬Һݱʱ䶼ˣܵظʮ˲ûһṳ̂ģܵظʲôܿƾӤ˴ڣô᲻֪أƸûܹƣѵǾĿžӤݻظȻȥ˼Ҳܣ
ˣ˼ͷӤʱȥ˵ܴ֮ƻΣǶкô
ޣҿ쵰СǱ˼ٵĺƽŷˣ
ظǶţʱ֮ǰǰȥĹҲѾ˻ԶؽгظѴʮλ˧ټϵ
ظ˵ͷɫ˿ûкת
˧ǵӤЩӸˡ
˵ظֵһֱۣ޲ð˺Ƶģ˵ҲֻʮԲˣظʲô˴ڣһ֪
ظ˵ֳǰݵڵصĹȥʵҳʮѾס˰ɣǿʲôָʾ
޵ȷʵסˡ
ǹʮλ֮ǰ˵ӤѾʰҵС·ˣڹѾ˹Źء
ʲô


1062 ڲ
ܣˣ˵Ǽ˵ˣ
ǹĻرظŵòӵɳȴΪѵص˵ͷƲ˵ǣСȥѰʮ˧ϱʱʮѾʰüҵҾˡ
Щ˵
ظһ䣬ϽʣôĴйٺڣ
Ҳˡ
ػ˵ơ񡢲˾йԼǸ޵һߵģŹʮ˾ԼڤĴǮׯҲѾӵˣ߲֮ƺֻдйٲ֪٣ƺ޵֮ǰԼˡ
˵˵
ˡ˵֮⣬ǭ¿ûظˣƺѾȫ˵ûˡ
һĬ֮ظͻȻһۣѱıһק˳⽣նΪն֮ǰѾ͸磬һʣɺȻȻҲǲı
ظ߸߾бͷһһħ߳һŭ𣺡ظΪ֮أЩ̰֮߰ɣǽǰҵԲܻǵСظܵظ˭Ըͬ
ظһ䣬ΧһȺˢˢŭһʱĴ
ǰЩħۿžҪ嵽·֮ǰˣȷҵϽµĹͳȥʼӭսʱǱִһ
Ŀʧʧ桢߸һʮΧָǰ֧ԮظҪš
ѭȥͼһ֧̤ųػȪ·߳
Ƕиǧ֮࣬д󲿷ֱֲֳָǰͷˣ׸ߣһͷ췢һ߬ſ¾޵һ߬һ޴ͭӰƴҡ
һظ¶ϲ̫ˣֵͦסԮˣ
ҹڴˣҪţ
һ󣬴м֧ع࣬һһ֧һ㴩ж֧飬һ֧еĹȫѩ׿ףһӹȫڿףͷȻӦþǴ˵еҹˡ
֧ǰ棬ɳڶӡгӡвӡһбʿȫƤ߬ž޴ͭ͸һҰƵġ
һ֧֧ǧٹֶĴͷˣЩͬ죬ţͷ棬ǳŽǮβ͵ĶĴˣۿһ֧֧ҵǰȥս֣Ա߿ţ͸ڶ԰Ƶġ
ǰЩǧٹֵĹɱȶ԰ЩƽҪʶˡ
Щ鵽֮󣬻һ֧Ҳڵ·˹ʮ˵ģǰһװεøûʵ漸ʮȫУôôҲ̵ӡ
ͷܿͣǵǰ棬һӣӳ˸۵һȻǴй١
ϴޣ˵
ۿŴйٴظ˵һۣû˵žͳȥһŰѴй߷ڵصͬʱкߵĹžһͨߣߵôйҽС
ظ˵϶ż·ܴ˶԰ɣײҷǴ㲻ɣ
ظȱ򣡰ѽȱңרģ
ңӲŲۣͬҪԼӣ
ظһһ߽Ŵ򣬴йٸæֱԴ˵ȱѽѽʮ֮Դ뿪һظղס߲ɥȪֻսתƣսתư
սתƣ
⻰ظ˲֣ͣһѾסйͷͰֵʵôʮȥ
й˵ظ̫Σ޴ʱܲᵽŹʵ۴ɸĵϣɴɸ
Ϊʲôߣ
ظʣѵ˵С˵ͻȻһսɳΪظ
ѽظ磬ѻ˵ô۲ˣˣ
й˵ԼһͣȻͳһظһѰץ˹˺һûֻֽһöѾεġͷ
ʲô
ظһ£ֳ׵Ĵйٺôģʮܶˣҡ
ѽѽ
йٸæ˵ʮ޳ŹǰСĴ¾ҪǱʮ˲㰢ǵ֮Ѱһˣ˵ܽµظΣѡ
ŶҪʲôˣ
һڰǵ֮пضڲ񡭡
йٻ˵꣬ûȻأظһƾ˹ȥССйٸǲǣڲڲܵظ͵ȵѲǹЩܵظĴˣһĹǷ˵ڲܽµظ֮ΣޣŲű˺Ե
үظ磡ͲҺúðѻ˵𣿡
ظһŻйټöˣҲǿ·ǰս³ԽٹѾɥȪ·ϣɲѽ
ʱ͵͵ݱʵݱ磬ڲʲôΪʲôҴû
ݱϽ˵ոظ˵һڲ񲻹ܵظеһЩС˼ꡢظΰڲܵظѲߴ͸ԱƵģûƽʱŹ£Ųһֻ߬ľһֻ˩ϻСЩڲ񡭡
Һݱ˵ʱйٵҲѾָˣ˼˵ظ磬ڲڲɲֻͬǾӤΨһĿѽ


1063 ʧĴ
й⻰ظ˺ҶȤظ˻ɰѯ˵ΨһĿǣѵ˵Ӥʲôܵظ֮УһֱŻôʵ
˵һֱܵظеĸ߶ȻܣڲҲһֱʮҪͷԸӤҪԲŴûиκ˹ѽ
˵ʲô·ظ˸æʡ
һشйٸϽظеͷ˹ȥظǰ˻֮󣬾ظ磬˵ࣿ
˵ѵҢǸųơħǡֺࣿ
ظһҲɵصһࣿѵ˵ɱӤĺ࣬ڰǵ֮У
ʱй˵ظ磬ԭϹնħɱӤֺһֱûͶ̥תǵظ֮Уֻһֱ֪°
⣬⵽ô£ظȻҲе㷢¡
йٸϽֽ˵磬ʵģնħйӵΪһλƯӶĽ˭֪ȴԼͽܷɵļʣǳźʱľԼĶʦǷˣ۷ΪЭնħ˼䣬֮˺ڤΪۣ֮ܵظ֮ڤз˺ټĽԼ·ΪϽЭԼظӻŵʱʼǸˣҢҪϽܣ˵˵ڴӦ󣬽˸ССڲ֮λڰǵѲߴӴ˾һֱڰǵ񡭡
й˵ظһ͡žһкϣôйֱתȦ
磬ִҸ
ϻȻѾ֪ӤĿǾڰǵϽȥң
磬ȥѽⲻǸմӰǵ
йί˵ڰǵϢǵظĻ֮һΪºǰɱħ̫࣬Ϣй¶֮ħѰظడޱ֪Ӥӳ޵֮󣬸ϽЩԭԭңҪöͷȥ࡭
ֻ˻ö⼣߰ߵļͷ˵ͷܵظ֮ʱޱЭޱ˵ֻҪöͷȥ࣬һɽǣҰ޵µָʹλڰǵס֮ȴסǿյģڲıϻڣȴӰ١
й˵ųԹһ֣ǹ̴ȡһľһľԼһװصƤһҲӶ˳ǣһֻϻ
ľϻڲıˣڲ񣬳ÿǣϻŹܵظ֮⣬оڹŹǰ칤
νİ칤ԼѵϻȥЩÿŹͶ̥Ĺֻ꣬ϵ̫ءԹ̫ұΪܶܵظɰȫĻͱȥӵˣֱӾϻԵ
ЩŲԶȪ··ǰĲҽɱظˮüͷ˵ѵ˵֪ڰǵϢΨ²ң֪ӤӰ޵֮һȥԸࣿ
ô˵ѵѾˡˣ
ݱһڣ˵ı鶼ס
һĬ֮󣬴й̾˿˵ظ磬ȻҲֲ²⣬ºȷʵѾ׶༪ˡҴ˼ҹ˰ǵҵĽ䣬ͺ޲ֱӰѰǵһ׳ˣɻûк䣬Ѳ֪ظһˣߵĻΪʲôԼıͳﶼأƷҲԭδΨʧˡ
ظ˵ͷü˼˵˵еĻڿֻֿԣһһץ˺࣬ǣǺԼɽ˹ҲֿԣҲǶ·һ
ظ˻һ˵꣬ҵɫѿʱȥˣԱ̲ס˻
ظˣй٣Ҳҵ࡭
ʲô㣿
ҿڣ˵Ŀⶼһ˹ҹϵ˵ͷᶨ˵ûǱˣҿǽħĺˣͨɽʩչéɽڵл˵ܰѲ֪ںδĺٳأ
ҶŴйöͷüëЦ˵ͷӦǺ൱֮ǹ֮ۿɲܴκȵظĻᣬǲԡ
һһ˵꣬ΧһƬĬĬ֮ظڰ̾˿ɿ˵ţΪСɰ󡭡
һϽϵļ˿˳ݱݺ칷ҲˣظҴңСӣս½ҪʩҪʲô𣿿˵
ˣߵҪһЩģҪհ׻ֽǮԼһͭ裬ЩҾٳȻˣûξĻ
˵⻰ﲻһ£ĿҲܲ㡣
ظͷϽµĹӱȥ׼ܵظ˵ҪٺҲˣûһĹ򣬾Ͱ׼˹
ۿŴӰ޵ħԽԽ࣬·ǰĹȻҪ֧ŲסˣҲҵʱ䣬һ׼׵֮󣬸ϽҧָѪ䡢ǮԼöͷһӽ˻ûȼڵϿһ֮󣬸ߺ˵޼ҽǢʦ


1064 Ӣ
ԹžǷéɽڵƵл׷˲ѻԼΪ
ȻéɽڵˣΪħˣɽȻһͨ龫Ҫٻĺ֮صܵظ֮У˵ӦһоŶԣ˭֪һлǻ֮ͭȴȫûκεĶ
ô
ҳ֮ΧһȺ˶סԼҲɵˡ
Ĭ֮󣬻֮вظ˳˵ѵ˵Ϊǵڲĺ࣬ĳ£
ظһڣйҲ̾˿˵ĻôºѾɢˡϾСֵʹõĿéɽ໹ǹ֮ӦöϹŶѽ
ԣûô򵥡
˵꣬ȴҡҡͷŻ˼һ֮˵ҸոеĸоЩ֮֡ǰҲùлٻҲֵĸо
棬ֵĸоʲôоظʡ
ܸоȻǴڵģȴƺڱĳصţͬһҶԿֽȸһǵһ
˼ǣпǱʲôаķˣ
йҵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵֿԣһΣͲŲܰѺٳ
˵д÷ʩһΣڻֽдĵѪõøˣԱܹǿ
ʱҳûͷɨһۣ·ѾԽԽˣ֮ǰһȺħסľӤҲӶž޴ĳų߳
Сӣ۳ɰ㶼רԼΣΨһϣ
ظһŭ˵ŻӶ彣ͳ·ǰսг˹ȥͷҲصغ
ģһŬסӤ
޼ҽǢʦ
ظܳûԶҲѾŻһŭ𡪡
ڣҹ
ûһ£ͻȻءһ֮ǰβͬǣ֮ǻͭоȻ͵һ
һ˲ƣǺ۾һ˱仯ظҲʱס
ĴΧǰϸһͼƵػϷ޵سһӰ
̫̫ˣ
һϲϽӵվʱǰҲѾ紵ɢòˣ˶ѭӰȥͼһƤڡƤ˴̳֮г֣ƽȵضڻϣŲŻıԵҡ
ҿѵϥǲλģƨɺܰס
㡭ڸɶ˿ĭȫڻϡzheƨɵơ
Ҳֱ㶵ضңΧһȺĿĹԾŵʡ
㣬ǡǿɶء
Ǻ᣿
ûѻ˵꣬йѾ˹ȥڵĿƽּؾһ˵˵ǲǺ᣿
ңǰǵѲڲ࣬ݼй١
˵ƺҪվȻվһȴֶ˻ȥŴйһȭ˵ˡĪ㣬ʩȫ񡭡
󣬺࡭ɶأ
йٳɨһۣεʡ
ʱ˵ʺѽֵʱ˸С˸û˵ĵط뷽㷽㣬˭뵽СţȻ˴ֽϻˣָһ㣬Ѷʱ˫ȫ֪֪λӢֽɷСܽýãضԭ
˵ŹֱȭΧѾɵ۵һȺ˸ȦҾͶסˣĶ˻˵ϴѽ
ҪҪԼɣʱ÷˰ɡ
йٽЦһվԹԵֹ˵ѹһֱҲ㣬ԭԭǶϲˡ
й٣ѽĪ׿ʱΧб䣬һɼǿڵظ֮ȻͻȻоһ뽫ĪߣĪˣ־ȷʵţǿľŵס
קˣȥˣ
ظǰΧŶڻϵĺתһȦ֮ŭ˵֪ӤѾӳ˰޵ظΣڵϦֻһܹΪˣ˵ϻæ
ظ˵һ߬סƨɣקǰ壬ɺȻ˫Ȼû֪أվվظһק۵̡ѽѽҽڵϾzhe͸ظǰŲ
ظ˱קѽѽۣѽѽ
һ߽лһ߱ظǰקʱͻȻһǰǾӤѾɵսϿգһʱſŹͷ֮лȪ·˲仯ΪһƬ𺣣ҽ𡭡
ѽˣȡҵĹȻˣ
ͻȻɫһ˵һ߸ƵǰŲϾվûһĹԼŲ·棬ֻһţǰһϣָּ̧ڰеľӤһͨ
߾Ӥ겻ɻʶ˭
Ǻ𣬲ɵ˾ӤĿ⡣
һʱſԴͬʱźڵλ˹ȥϸͬʱ¶һȡ
㣬ǺĶӣ
ޣүүҾǺ࣡
ܵģ࣬ôС
Ӷأ飬վ
ŭŻش˵Ӥ˵ϻ˼䱻ɱָظҷǰж˿˲ɣ
ɫʮ㣬һʱǴҵҲȼɴӺһͼŸ롢Ӷûüأôôеš


1065 ɱӤ
һŭ𣬾ӤȻ˰֮Уȫ֪ˣϾǰɱһεͷɲ¡
һࡱ֣ɱһȺħȫɵۣ˭ûϹӢ۵أ
һʱս֮۷׷ס
ѽǺࣿ˵ɱħ
ûҲ˵Щ޵Ŀѽ֪Ǽ١
Ȼģ⻹ܼٵ㿴ôħޣȻܹ򶨵ĶڵϣӶȥȻгܽȫɱѽ
̫̫ˡֵǿ쳷ˣǰ޵ﰲȫѽ
һؾҽȻԺһ֮Ѿƶסǿȫס˵Ȼ鴫
ʱظѾȡ˺ĹԼֻϻѳϻĲһϻʮؾͳź˹ȥ
һϻŹԼڿеľӤǴʧɫѪ֮ͻȻ䴫һͼӤȻΪһŻͳŵ͵ءһͬʯһײ˻Ȫ·ϡ
һʱɳʯŰ𣬲ħԼҵõ˳ȥϵĺ඼ôϷϻϵĳͼǱ󵹷ɡ
ãӤҪһ
һϽǰ壬ʱѻΪͷߵľӤһ
޵ڵħֵǣ벻ɣ죡ɱǰֻ࣬ҪɱҴǳظ¡
ӤһڣһʱΧħȺ鼤ʼ˻Ӧ˾ӤĺǺͣȴҲɲһɱ
ǺɱǴսֺ桢޵ĳڴģ֮ǸϽѭһͼһ֧֮ľӻȪ·ľͷɱͷһףһ׳˫һֳǹһֳ졭
̫ˣɣ
ҲһʱҲѾȺңд죬һЦ
ν˰ﵽףСӣһֵ֮ǣǰЩǰԹʱ׵˭ܵظΪУΪУɱɱɱҷħҸɱۣ
ɺ֮ЩħʿӸưҲȾڻȪ·һεʮ˧ԼһȺͼظֱֳս֣ͬʱҲһŭ𣺡޵ԮʿǻڵʲôΪ˵ظΪ£ҳ尡
ظͷǰ·ʮ˧ңݱҲѾʮسս֮УЩ͹ȻҲɿˣֱֳоͿʼܲǰ塭
ˣ
ʱһѭһȻ۵˾ҲѾһ֧ǵķ˹ϲ롢ڲ࣬Ȫ·ٶȾ롭
ظս֮лͷһȻסϽʵڹŹǰػ
ˣŹǰľѾԿƣŹԳ޴˴Э黥ЭڹŹǰ
ãǻæ
⻰ظһʱҲѾȥ˺ĹһͷҲѾӶžͱ˹һѶͼ־ŵ˵йѽҵ취յǾӤǰʮɵİսһ飬
˵ϻ㣡
ҲûۿѾսɱ˸߽߳ɳ嵽ԶҸϽ˵ɽܷٽսһã
ֻܽȥ
Ϊ˺ˬһ˵̴£Լͳҳ˹ҸϽһѿȻ첻ĺ࣬һƨõҵӣüһǽһζ
Ҳ˲ôˣæϾһܡźͳս֮С
Ҹճս֣ԲԶһӰ۶ȻͽսֳֳǹԴ˹ȥ
ճ嵽սǰͷ̻ζǸ˺ݵĳǹһͻ֮£Χħǵ
ɽлˣ
лңֻǲҵİܵ˺ѡ
ɽһ˵һ߻ζǹǰ濪·ͻȻ̧۳ǰһͼһֻϳĶ۾ĹӭײֱһֻĶ̱Ӵ󡭡
Сӣֻ㵽ˣ·ԼСİ
ɽͻȻŤͷ΢΢һЦû䣬ȴѾӿٶȳֻޣȻͬʱɽ߬ǹ͡һǾ޵ͷһŭ˫ǾȻȻǹ˳ȥ
ᣬҺͺʹǾµĿյ˹ȥһΣգͼΧӰܶظѷͷǰסǡ
ڴˣ˭Σ
ŭ˵ʱ˵Ķνɼ׶ͣ·ͬʱֻסҵֱζΪҺͺɱһѪ·
˻ۿžҪ嵽ǾӤǰʱͻȻҲഫ͡һĶξ˲ˣֻҲ˾̣ڷʱһħԳìᴩؿڣͣ
ֵܣ
˾̵屻ìסĹʧɫҲһ£˭֪ûǵĽŲͣ£ͼ˾ͻȻ̧һ߬סǳìĸӣһŭ𡪡
ΪأҪңֵǣΪСֵܿ··
ں̵ŭУٱ䣬ȻҲ˲ܣڣһɴܣǰѾǾӤһӴˡ


1066 
Сֵܣֵĸһ̡
ײӤʱݱͻȻһŭ𣬽źͬһʱ嵽ǰ͵ɲסת
ϣ
ֵŭȣʱҲѾ˫ֽ棬ͼϲ롢һǰȥ˵ƣݱһУ˵ӰʱڿնԻζб̽ӤƬ϶֮УϿߵĵطͣ
󾪷һ˻һǰҲѾȫݱݵϵ˹ȥءһƲݱƵһ˲䣬ٶƴȫһУ˳ƽһȣҺͺڿն
׸߿գϲ͸ҲѾ׼˫ֽڹǰһУ͸¥һϲ롢ϽһͦѾܸס
ͼ⾪ھӤƴȫ͵ţգۼĹѽȥʮ׸ߣվûгûõĹһΣڻǳʮµսеȥ
ҸϽס࣬һܣѾ˲˵һлˣͷһ棬ŰѾִܸһء
ۿžӤмֻͷͷҲֻʣ¶ʮ׸ʱ˭뵽һǿҵĽʹȴͻȻҵĿڴ
ʹͻȻҲһϽֽסĿڣʱͷһɨڷ֣Լĸ첲ȣȻѾý͸Сȴ͸ÿˡ
ѽǶôˣ
zheƨſҼϵĺҲһ仯Ѿˡ
һҲ֪ȻΪǼҩЧѾ޵ԵʣٲعĻҾͻᡭ
ۿžͿܵӤͷˣĶ˵ô࣬ҲֻҧžʹͷźϿմܡ
˭֪ȴһ޷УԽ͸ĸоѾԽԽˣ𽥿ʼ̧
࣬ҿ¡°ﲻˡ
ɶɶ˼ѽ
һʻҾѾӼϷһֻסĶӣֽҧ˵֮ظܲܶȹⳡΣѣͿˡҲһټ࣬ȫˡ
˵Żҽܸоȫƣ֮ͬǰҶһ㣬סָ֮һȻ˲䡰ءһը˳ȥ
źǾӤͷϷ˹ȥȴѾʹһ˿һһǰһڣΨһܸоľڼ׹
ѽƨƨɺˬѽ
һӵزҽɱУһҽУſ۾ԺسſȥûüѿϣеĳѾ׼ӤϺȻž֧ľ

ССѣѰ
ڰ֮УһٵغϿվһ壬ƺоһȡ
ѹɣѹɡ
֮УϿմ΢⽥ܿͽҵС
ƴȫƣ˫ۣȿģȻ֮ǰһ۾ȣƺǴ촽λҵġ
̫ˣˣ
һУҵľ㵣ʱޱҲѾشϰͷĨ˵̫ˣҾ֪˹аģ̫ˣʦˣˡ
£ޱ㣬ʲô
ҡ
Ҿ㵵һʣޱͻȻסҲˣʱүԱߴ
ʲô˼ҶΪ˺ľѣ˼ʲôأ
ѭȥͼүԼֵܵ˶ŵشڴ߶ҿ
͵˸ոڵظ֮з飬ʱһæӴ˭֪ոջƺûӦؾ;˫һͨһҾſ˵ϡ
ѽСʲôأ
үˣظսҵøϽȥæҩأ֮ǰõҩأ
ˡ
Ʋ죬ϵүʣСӣظôˣ
ү껰ҸҪͣʱ洫һ󾪺ϸһƺǳ¹
СѹûУѹûа
쳣٣û˵꣬¹ѾҴҵܽ˷һſڵϣ־ϲϽǰ˵СӿѹˣҹҲˣ
ʲô
ûŪôأ¹ѾҴӵϸקʱүԱ˵԰ȱܵظˣиҪȥ˵ظ֮ûã˾ͱҵˡ
ˣˣ
ʻʱ¹Ѿذק˷䣬үҲϽӷ׷˳ų¹ǰߣȫǵظ飬Ҳ֪;Ӥ֮䣬ʤܡ
󣬳¹קͣһǰƺΪڼʱֶ
ͼһ룬һֲΡΡض˵СһǧҪ̫ŰȻŸոѹȷǾҹ۲죬ӦòΣյġ
´磬㵽˵ʲô˭ѹˣ
Щһֱ507Ǹ֮˰
¹⻰һڣ⡱һʱүԱЦЦ˵Ҹող˵µظûãǾյ鱨Ȼǳ¹Ѿҵǹˣ͵ֻΣ֮ǰһֱҸϵ±ȡϢ
ҲҲ˵ڣ
һꡱһȻ


1067 ص
ۿҵ༸ɤۣΧҲ˵ˣֱضţֻۿһ֮ڵġˡʲôġ
ǵһε֪صġˡ׹̵
ǵõʱҳġϵǷһ507ڲĹ鱨鱨ʾصġˡ֣ڰ
ʱ507׷һ˼ؿɱѭڻĳɽзһֱΪ񣬸Լ壬仯Ϊߣֱš
507˻УøյķʽͼĿ׳һЩΪ֪鱨ȴƺԼ˭Ѿˣȴ׿ᵽһ֡
ǡ
ûȻǵԼʵݣȴεļǵáǡͽ֮䣬ûйϵϵ
Ǵš¡¡ҽŵسŷȥһƬڡ
ûǴƬ֮пʲôûǴȫ򿪣ͻȻһһںĶѾӿ˳
ǻһ˱ƶǣȻӶӶӿһ˲ǶɵۣŮѾŵþ
ҸϽһЩЩѹ棬ʱҲѾˣǿɲʲôӣһһġܳܳġߵӡ
⣬ǡ
ģǸֵġ񡯡
¹ɨһּۣ˵ѹûõʱ䣬͹ʱΣǴ֮ʼŽıߵģͨʾ岻Ǳߣһһֱ쳤ҸոȥʱѾ쳤˴ŶʮףڣͲ֪ˡ
¹˵ŽĶԽŶԽ˵˾䡰ơֻ֮һ˲
ǴſڳŷһһӶסֻͷƤһ飬Ƥһȫ֪ˡ
ңҲ¹ԼҲѾĿſڡ
ŵƹһһ˶ʵңԭտʵڣȴѾһһˣֻſǰ˺Сһյأ㹻Ƕ߽ȥոſʱ漷һʱ˿̻̾ڵϣ䶯ţŵȥ
ΪСɽ峤ԵʣЩ߰ܰʲôѪҵǲ̫£ǰϾҲǵһμٻǳһޱխZۼŮŵѾ۾ֱˡ
һȶס׳ŵϸ濴һۣһߵ̳һѡ䶯֮⣬ģߵͷ
ʱ¹ҲѾӾ˹ϽֶŶԽ˵ңң⵽ʲôΪʲôֻʣһӣ
ԽﴫһŮΡΡϣϴ֮ԽԽܿƣѾͷʹ󲿷嶼һˣıֺ֮ǰıƺܾź£ܲȶңҽǻǲҪȥ˰ɣ
⻰¹ϽʣôǻΣգ
ԽŮ˵ȻȷϾǴûнӴ£ȷʵ̫ðˡ
ðգҲҪȥ
Ҵ˵ĶԻһ֮󣬿ʼСʵߣͷҲصС˵ǲҪҽȷһ
Ҫ߽һȺŶͣס˽Ųȫȫעض罥䶯¹ǹѾ˳һʲô⡭
ιڼ𣿡
ǰ˼֮̽ԵؽһŸոճڣͼ̳һŵøˣһʱ䣬ʵձøɭ£ϾѪôһߵӣѾΧ쬵ģһƮֱǿ˿յƵġ
㣬Сһ
ޱͻȻĵشӺһȻҲë㶵غ£ΪװӣǻͷٺһЦģ˭֪һû˵أͷʱȴ˶¶ţޱŵ˫һ˵ϣ͵һС
ССİ
⻰⡱һϽعͷȥȴ֪ʱһߵͷѾѻСɽϢ˳ʱ˿һҵǰҵֻ׵ľ롭
ߵͷ­ܴҵͷҪһ˫ֱضҿëȻȫסᶯˡ
ʵͻȻҷĻǻð죬ҿԼмܣϾҲǺǵģҵʱȴˣһ˫ֻǶҿ⵹ǿҳɵۣһƬհףҲ֪ôźˡ
ôѽ
ͬսսӱƺ˶Ѳ֪ǺˣʱߵѪڣҲѾس˿
ҵλǰ棬һſһճҺһŨѪζʱӭ֪䣬Ѿһ亹ˣһʱߵĲǰһ̽һڰ̽ȥ׼
ҵȻûҲѾӿؿ־пʼۣʱ˷׼
ɾʱߵĺȴһ˵ܵͳκε
˵ܰң
ҡҡ
⡱һһʱ侹Ѳ֪ȥˣֻӲͷƤ˵ӦÿԣǣøңҪҪʲô
ң˭
ٶȴĴһҲѾߵĺһͷɢճҺˣ죬


1068 ˵
˴ʿ߶ˣѾٶꡢһֱھ׵߶ĻСƣŵ˾ȻԼߵĶ˳⻹ҵһμһʱ䣬;ͷƤ˫ȽȻе㲻֪룬֪ôźˡ
ʱճҺĳˣѾߵĺ˳˫һţࡱһȻſѪ֮̽˳ŵøϽһ̲סһʣ㣬˭
⻰Ҳһ£ĨһϵճҺޱʣҲ⣬ҡ˭
仰ҾЩ֪ˣ˭Լ֪ô֪أ
ȻȻһʱעҾܾЩ죬ܾʲôطƵģɵʲôطأ
Ҳ֪
ҲǼʻһֱûбһشȫûбľ֮ϣͻȻֳ˼ŭ͵һۣ־ͳץ˹ŭ
㾹Ȼƭңﲻҡ
ۿŵҸϽһ֮кȱ𼤶ȻҲ֪ǡ
ûеǣƭң
һץգȴԽؼһһҲʼزŤûһͼٶһץϵıȻɷһ㡣
ȻӻߵĺȻĶȴ磬ֻǰһץ߾ҲͬʱյƵģ̽һͷ
һ㶣΢һʧĹѱһ߬סȻʶһ˲˦ץסֻ֣ȴ˦
û취ΣͷҲֻܼ˲˳̧ץס˫͵һͼӶߵѪק
Ȼʱֵ鷢ˣ벻ǣ˵徹ȻǺߵĺڱһƵģ͵ؽһקࡱһ죬ߵĿбקͬʱµĲλȻһѪ⡭
ԭΪߵĺڱڰ̫ˣͷ˲Ծĵطˣû°ӣ¿ʼ˵徹ȻǺߺһģǱҴ߿ק˴ӵˣȻһ֡
һ㣬ҶʱŵõһȻʱѾ죬קٶ˻ȥβͻȻһһܳ͵һ¾Ͳסҵ˫ȡ
Сģ
ۿұβסŵһȺУҲѾֻҸʱͳǡ˭֪ʱһȴӱ
ѵѵ㣿
һͻȻƵϮҵͻȻһ£̧ͷǶݺݵĿ⳯ұ˹ȥβסһͷɨһۣŵغģȻ
ֻ龪㵵ضͼϮҵˣһ֮ǹֹͣ˶ҵϮͻȻתͷȥֳߵĸ󾪺˵磬ǣѽ
˭
һ㶣ɵسɨ˹ȥû뵽֮ϣа֪顭
磬Ϊȫ֪ȫܵɽʥޣѵ֪𣿡
ĬĬҡҡͷ̾˿ûȿڣץҵѾȼس˿ڣ˵ô֪ҵݣ˵ңҵ˭
㣬Ǵ
⻰һڣֻԵİһ£ҺҲصһȫ˵ˣٿصˣҲѾ˲侪㵣Ĭ֮ٶȿڣ㣬˵˵˭
ǴϹɱħΪ˼ȥˮĴ
⻰⾪һ£ֳǹ˵ϸһȻѹҾ죬һԭȷʵһΣĻ֮С
ûûǴ㣬Ǵ
һ˵ѱøãȻ˫֮еķŭѾȴҲ䶯Ҳʼ𽥵ػ
ңǴ
Ǵһܲϵ𣿡
ٶȾǹˣͻȻʣΪʲôҼǵӦ˲Ŷѽ
ѵ˵һֱ507оءˡȻǡȻǴ˵Ӯ֮սĴ
Ϊʲô
һʱ䣬Ҳͬסȫ֪ˡ
Ļ˵ƺڵõ˿ƣ忪ʼ𽥵ֳǾߵĺ߿֮Сֻʣһͷ첲¶ʱ򣬾ͼߵʼŤؾٶ޳ʼСûôĹߵ徹ѾϸϸӣȻзֿΪ˵һ˫ȣͷҲѾʧ뵽ǡˡ֮С
ǴϹǸ
Ҿʱͼ˵Ѿȫ仯Ϊ˫ȣƬʼתʧǰֵģﻹʲôġˡһûκ۵طĳˡ
̾ڵ˫ƺǲ̫ʹãſڵһּȾſֲĿ⣬ҿ
Сѵһƭ㲻ɣ
ٶȾϵıǰδеࡣ
Ϊʲôᣬ˭ģ
һҲûǱ˳ʵУͼſڵϣ۵ؾźͿ־塭
룬ΪʲôҸ֪
ʱ̾˿߽ʵС


1069 ֮
һƽŵ˸Ͻ˼ȴͷõ΢˵£ǰȻǴδ¼ȴ˵
ң˵Ǹˣ
һߵӵ˲һ߻Żŷʣǰİף̾˿˵Ұµ֪Ȼϵ㣬Ҳȷݣ㺦ˣһ֮֮ˣԲԣ
һڣԼסĬһ֮ջҡҡͷ
Ҳҡҡͷͷɨһ˵㲻ؾţѾϸˣȷʵϹĴ
ԿħĴΪʲô
һʣֻ˵ӣ֮ԻӦϾԭ򡭡
ϣϾ
ϾΪ˼䴫˵е֮ףҲ񹩷̫Ͼ
̫̫Ͼǲǵҵı棿
үһȴЦЦ˵ʲô治Ҳ֪ȴ֪ϾȷʵΪ˼²ٺͣ룬Եû˱ϵܸ˰ɣ
˵ֻͷֻŵעǰǹˣһ緢ʣ̻ŵͷش˵ϾΪҵı棬ȷʵûԵɵġ֮սʱʱ¾ۼһȺΪ˱಻ϧͬɱħλʹΪұۣһǸһ˾Ͼ˵֮֮սдȫʤȫļƻƲĻôϾ𵽵ãǹ̺󷽣ͨĹޱش࡭
˵Ͼࣿ
һʣ˵ͷֽ˵û˵ļƻһʵʩ񣬵ûǿĻƾʲôأ֮սʱͷסıһһ䡢һһ⣬⣬ΪıɱͬħϾڣķȺħ£Լڹ꣬ϾˣϣܰӮ֮ս֮ˣͬʱҲ̳Ͼ˼룬ýĻ˵ǵĳΣǧУֽηѡϣݱȫʦ˵ϾΪҵʼ沢Ϊ
ǰո˵Ͼԭе˼ǡ
ɨ˰һۣͼ΢΢ЦĪ⣬Ŀٶȳ˹ȥ
Ĭһ£ʼûд˵ŲĿն˵ָϡ
ѭĿһͼ˵ָϣȻһŽɫָָһĽָҪ࣬ǶһСףϸһС׵ƺҲǿյģ˵ָ΢΢һ£ָﾹȻһ޵ءɳɳɳ
ָ
ֱָϵָͻȻ䵹һ˵ѵ˵ϾΪۻûΪĻ
һͻȻЦѴʵд˳
ܵܰܵܣ㻹ûкͿף˹
磬ѵ
֮첽ܵԣٶȾǣϾһֱڴΪΪʲôӣ
ϾȻǿ󣬵ƾһˣԽңܴ͸ΪĴ֮ܣ
ſڵϵƲ죬ֽ˵ǿӣѾ˳ǧˣһ˵ܹôõʱ䣬ֻһֿԡ
ʲʲôҾ˵
칬ţҲ˼໥ӵͨ
Ҳ²⣬֮Уˡ
ͻȻҽһֳָһ˵ŽϵĽָժ
ҵ˵ͷϽ̽Եس˹ȥЩִĸоҲûж⣬ŷ֣Сذһ£ָȻ̶ָһּЩûãָȻǳָƵġ
˹ˣָ
һû˵꣬ѾԱҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ͶˣϾ֮䣬ô׽⿪
⻰ûףֽſڽ˵֧еΪͬ
࣬ͬ
û֧ΪеĲ֮֮սȻıˮɱ֮ϾĽ֧ӡ⣬һһذᱻ֮ǿֻ֮Уʹ˳ܳ޷ܵʹ࣬ʹֻ֮ת룬Ӧͨĳԭõ˲֮űӡһδͶ̥תһɱ֮УȴԼԭݡ
˵ЩʱҲϸһ£ƺǵõүʱ粻ҲʲôǵãȻػֱָȴȫ벻Ϲ
Щʱ̾˿˵Ұȫ֪ȫܣɻм벻ͨΪ걻ѡС࣬Ϊʲôɰ˰ߣʵǷ˼
˵Żߵ˴ȥϸоָϵָ
Ĭһ֮󣬰ü˵޷֪̽࣬ôõķӵ˿Լ˵
ʲôǵá廰˵
ȴҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ˵⻯֮Ҳǲܽ


1070 ͻı
ѵƽָϵĽ֮
һʣȴٶƲ죬ҡҡͷ˵ҵҲûȫİգҿǰ󰡣ҪһԲУ˵Ҷû취ƽָϵĽĻҲҲûܹˡ
˵껰Ĭһ£ͻȻ¶Ƶüͷֽ˵ҲֻˣָϽ֮ѾĴȻֻ̤أָܻļ䣬һΪṩܶаϢ
Ҫʲô𣿡
үϽһʣϸǽָİȴҡҡͷ˵ĲҪɲʲôɹǵ뿪һЩʱСС
Сֳ֮󣬰ֳԵ˰ָ̧֣˵Ͼ񣬹ƾһ˿»ƽ֣ΪϹħɷҵæ
˵ȻܾǱ̬֮˲ҵʱ䣬Ͻ뿪ʵңֻѾ֤ΪˣԼʵ
ʵҵĴٶȱպʱĵȻҲ׸ﲻæ֮£Ҳֻܸȵȥȴˡ
˴֮ʱѵظ﷢ԭԭ˵һ飬һ˵˶һһ뵽ظ֮оȻһֻôħԼϹħŷɥسħӢۡ࣬ȻҲڰǵ֮С
Ȼ֪ҪòָܰϵĽĶ뿪һȻҲͼǰܵظȥǱߵˣֻڴͳ¹үһȽ
ȴʱ¹öԽӼһŮӦþ֮ǰڶԽ¹ԻǸ¹ǽ˵λǰ𰣬749߼ɲҲ749ʱõ֡
¹һ˵꣬Ů̳ų¹ƤһЦ˵ϴô˵ͲˣѵҾͲõ𣿡
¹εЦЦ̾˿˵ȻҲǣֻǿϧ749Ѿˡ
749治ڶνֻҪǴڣ749ֵľͲ
ŮЦЦһļطҵǰֽ˵ˣǻԹɣҴ507õȫڡش鱨
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һ䣬ͷ˵û鱨ʾ⼸ʮ䣬507ȷʵһֱ˵оҼͼָϵöָȡǺܿϧָȻȫ޷ժ޷ݻ١507ǰʵ鱨˵ƺĳʵԱĸ첲ȣ֫ܿͻήл˵˿ֳµ֫Ȼˣֱ˵ұ۳⣬ұƺܵöָӰ죬ü᲻ɴݡ
Ҳ˵ָҲͼԼ뱻˴˵ָȡ
֮˵ͷֽ˵⻹Ǹֵģֵǣ507Ĺ۲챨Լ׽ʱԴ˵ĵ¼ͿڹʾֵÿһʱͻһһƤÿƤǰʱ򳤻̣ǲ̶ġ
ǲǺͺһ
ҳ˼һ£ֽ˵ȷʵͱĺк֮ܶͬǲҲͿ˵ƽ˵ָĻҲͿ԰ﵽֱѺɽĺ磿
⻰һڣүʱ¶ϲɫȻû˵һܲѾ⴫ž˻Żŵغ˵Сһ£
ŸմѾһ˴ػš
ʲô£ֻŻŵ˵С죡ѽ
Ҳû˵ת壬ȻһͷˮǸϽ׷˹ȥ
ûõĹְ֮ǰ˵ǼʵǰûȽŲͻȻڴءһ죬ȽյŶžҵز
׳ʲô£
ҸϽʣսսش˵ˣҸͼҺЭѴӡסļԺӶǿƳֻؽǡǡ
ʲô㵹ǿ˵ѽ
ʻʱʵִ죬Լ󡰰ѽѽؿ޺
Ͻ˵ǴͻͻȻʧˣȻֱǣһֱţ֡
ҵ֣
һȴҡҡͷ˵׼ȷ˵֣ǡ
꣡Ҫɱ㣡
ûѻ˵꣬һѴ֮дһ˳ȵ컨ǽڶʼض
ꣿ
һʣ͵˼ͷ˵ûһͿʼҪ꣬Һòײűڻ˳ڣȫ֪ôźˡ
ȻҪ꣬Ǿȥˡ
һϽæ룬Ա룬үխZ۵ȴԱֹסң˵̫Σղҽȥ
ΣգΣǽǵƻ֮ʲôأ
΢΢һЦ˵Ҷ˺ｻҡ
ǡ
ǾͲҪǿǵˣǴĻô˵ϵش󡭡
˵ʱҲѾ룬ҸϽվſԣԼҲѾʱ׼
š¡¡һʵͼһ͵ؿʵҴŰײȻǴ޳βʱŰѾ޲öܶˡ


1071 ̳
ſǣ
ۿֻ޶챻Ǹ˲ˣҸϽһҲ˲ϱˣͳ˽ȥ
˭֪ҲŸոҪ˲µβͻȻһƤһ˦˹üֱͬһ硣
ûҷӦžһߵβѾصɨҵؿϣҴ󵹷˹ȥ
һշ֮סƽأ˭֪ŲŸոŵأ޳βȻֳ˦˹һȴǲסҵĽš
˲ܣѾˣһ̱ߵβͲŵŵүںһҸϽʾǲҪ˵Ƕ𶯣Լܹ
˵⻰ĹѾβͰҾ˾ԼĮ׺ܽĵط˵һ˫۾Ҳ˾ƵģֱضңҲ
Ҫǲǣ
ұŴսʱæƽһ˵ȻҪңǾ͸ϽѰſҺ㵥̸̸
˵ʱסİصţƺѾ᲻һ˿ˡ
ңҪ㣿˭
ֱضңһʣ΢΢һЦͷţһʱ䣬һѪɫĻȻըɢܿס
ۿɢͻȻһ㶣üͷ˵⣬оϤ
㲻һֱҾ꣬һȺħڹɽԵʹꡭ
㣡
һû£ͻȻ쳣һͻȻͬߵͷ͵ǰһ̽һ˫һѾץסҵĸ첲ŵխZ۵һУʱ˾û㣡㣡ҼǵҼǵ
Ȼֿ־壬һǾסŴٺһЦ˵ô֮ǰ𣿡
˭֪⻰˵꣬ȴһãȻ˵ңң˭
㻹ǵԼݣ
ԭΪ˵ļѾѣ⻰ȴֳһʱͻȻּغ˵ңҵ˭ΪʲôΪʲôҵԺлô಻ҵĻ桭Ϊʲôңҵ˭
ֱ֣ϸһ룬ȻӦǰԼѾһãļڱ𽥵ȴ֧ģ޷ȫͨ
ôΪʲôǵң
ңֻǵáֻǵáҪɱ㡭
˵ͻȻΪһŭͻȻ˫סҵĸ첲ſ͵һھͳҧ˹
˲䣬ؿҰ׵̵Ļٻ׵Ѫɲġ
׼ۿһҧҵĲӣҸϽ͵һ˫ַųһҵءһըɢͬʱѳû˫˿ֽ˳ףһշȵڵϡ
˭֪˷ǵûһѺֿʼצرƽ˹ߵӶʼҵزһ£յðáˡ
ͦס취ǡ
ۿϮͻײֻһ̽Ѱ˵ϾʱҲ˼ͼײϣͬȫûЧƵģըƬ⣬˿Ҳ֮临ԭԭӣˡ
ƴʵʱͻȻסİؾ˵ˣȥȫûõġǹն֮ȫȴħڵ̫ǿˣοҸովѾ֣ƺֻһֽһһȴڱʵǷ˼
˵ƨ
һ㣬һ߳Ű˵Щʲô壿ѵ˼ҷǲܣԼܣ
ѽȥǧҲŸոոòã
һ˵ƺŻˣһ־˵ҵ˼˵޷Ƴû˵ҲƳ
ӣƳʲô˼
һ仰Ҹ˵е£Ҳ
˼˵ѾѴļ份˲٣ҲΪŵͻȻʧأʲô취˼֮Уļȫ˵ıƽ
˼룿ǿῪЦ
һ˵һ߼˱ܣüЩٱץ
һƵĿУҸϽ˲ſڣŵû겻һȺһҲɵˣæ
һһڣҾʵ壬ҼʱסǣֺҲҪǽ죬찴ҵķԸȥ׼
׼ʲô
̳Ӧ֮죡ԽԽã
˵ĹѾַƵ˹ҸϽܣʱү⾪˵ι̳ҪõĶɶˣ㵽Ҫʲô˵ѽ
Ķй˵ѽ֮ʲôһۣӽҪʽ̳
һ˵һ߶˵ĹҲҵϽŵߣûһĹ򣬾ͼһһظ˻Ȱڷ̳Ӧ֮Լ̳æòֺ
׼ò֮үſһߺιô
ɱڹȡѪ룬ȡ¿ֻȻѷ̳ͽ
ף
һһڣҸϽڷ̳ǰæµ


1072 үħ
խZۺͳ¹̧úһзԼӦ֮ķֱ̳ӴıϣүһʣܲУ
ĽңֱӰѷ̳ڽȥһᱻ˸ŪģұŰȫһ
˵ᶨص˵ͷɾʹܽʵ˹
Сӣӽ
ͬʱүſһ֣һľѾ˹ҸϽӽ֮һͳ˴˹ȥ
һħ֮Чľһ˵ͷϣըһ̣۵һҽУǾߵѪ֮С
չ´㣡
ҷֳֽһŭȻʱѾߵ˳ͷϸոձѾظԭˡ
Сӣ᲻̳ѽ治Ҫǵİ𣿡
үֵĵſڽһͷٺһЦ˵ү浱ôʲôûѧǾƺðɣ
˵ʱһζľԡˣɨܹһߺȣң
յ
ҲûţһǼӿٶȣһͣҵǰϱŵ̳õסҵ˫ʱҲѾ꣬ʱүһ
éɽʩѻıرСʲôʱѧģ
ٺ٣Ϊħˣô᣿үһûأ
˵ּ趯ľ͵̳һģžһһհ׻ֽʱϱ
ۿҪ˹ҸæҧʳָԽָڽһĨеĽǰһΣͨŵĻֽһʱƵģᡱһ˶ȥ
ֽײʱըһŻ棬ٶ۵ˣҸæ編Σĵ֮Ѿ˵˾Ҷʮ⣬֮ƺҲû˼˼סİˣһɣֻ޽ˤڵϣŵøϽſڷ
ɽħ崫ڴˣ
ۿֳ㵣һЦζľʱҲʼĬġ
ԲԵػ̻̣̳ǰ̤죬Իͯͯɣּܻ׽ǲó
ʱԽһŻֽһûдȥǰһͭ
ͭǮǷڽѹһǮ桭
̧̨һģžһߵöͭǮڿնһ߬ס˳̨ĻһɨöͭǮ˲ȼ
Żû֣ҸæöͭǮӽ̵ֶˣɸģѾ
㻹үҪ޻أ
û˵ǰҸϽý빴ҺõļѪͺڹѪһͿ۽ȼĻʱҲѾ˵̳ǰ
̳򷭣±ضǰ˭֪żʱȴ
£أ
Ҳǹˣһ˵ﾹȻһ󡰶塱˵ʱԴһΣȻ³һҡһ죬ֱð̡
ħޣȻһֱѵħĶɼǻҲ˵ᡣ
ۿѾ˵ǰɹ˲ôˣϽݵסһҡͷһҡͷҲʼ嶣塱˵̳ǰһŰˣҽиϽ̧˫ס䣬ٶȾ
ҪҪҡˡҪҡˡ
ҽУԼȻ˫ֶס䣬Ӻȴû֣һʱ۵Ҳֱۣ忪ʼƴڶҸϽɰī֭д˭֪ûд꣬˺ѷεزҽУһβѾ̳ɨ˹
ɱǣ
ѽѽСܣ
ۿ˵βɨŵˣƾһϾ޷ֹǷ˵ġ
ۿβ;ҪͬƤһɨ̽ʱͻȻһܣ̽ಡһ¾ˡ
ܵͻȻȻ̳һûٵҵûӦһβɨҵؿϣɨ÷ŸͷֱԶվѾرƽǰ
үզһأ
һһվȥ׷ҲŻˣ̽һͨ񱼡
ԶһĴ󲿷Ӷ̳ϵĻƲסܿԴ͸̳ԼѾӿƵңҴŵۡľһһں׷̳ܣ⻭ôеЦ
ˣ
ܲа̳ᱻٵģ㻹ǽһ¾ôɡ
ģ֣
Ҳû취ˣ׷֮̽һؿ񱼣һһ轣һд
ţԪħǣǻɢɢɢһն飬ὫϣҲҪĸҲҪУ˳ɽ뷣
ֳڣһ˦˫ëʴľһˣŤͷɨ׷󣬸Ͻ˫ƽӡưʳֱָָɡָӡ
ӡɣŭһơơֳڣ̳ϰŵǸȼյ̡ͭءһըһ
һðѾյͨöͭǮҲӻԼ˳ʼڿзֵΣһѽ߬סöͭǮžžžžž£öͮͮͭǮӡҸոдɵŷмλá
ҸϽץŷ䣬ͣסͷһŭ𣺡ӣҪù


1073 ħ
˿ɲô࣬һȻ̧һ߬סҵ˫磬קҾƺֱߵѪ֮УǴ̵߰
ңĶôף
ҽŷеһ˦ƴקʱֻһһŷ˵߬
ϵͬʱÿŷһöͮͮͭǮҲʼ˵Ƥ˵ĲҽУͼöͭǮƵģðŰ̾Ϳʼ˵Ƥꡭ
۵۴УһʱҲ˲קˣϽɿˣ¿ɲӵһŷѾӿҸϽͷֳ
ѵôһΣһкȾ˹ҸæִץһͭǮľħףͭǮͬȹЧħЧ
ֳֽץסһͭǮ˲ָһţˡһͭǮָԭΣ˵һŴӿµĻֽϣʱͼǷͬȥƵģֱͳ˵Ϸȥ
ŭ𣬸û˵㣬ǷͬͭǮѾࡱһĺŵһ߬סԼĺƺֹǷ˳źȥϧΪʱ
ʱѾͭǮŴͭǮĻֽ˳ȥŷ䲻ƫ˵˫ϣ˵ĲҽУһ˫۰ֱðѾͭǮ۾ʲôˡ
زӡ̳үں濴ţ;ȵĿˡ
һ˵۾ˣͻȻһ˵Сӣ㣬㵽ʲôʱѧЩħ£ҼֱţǵǸֻᵽǻС
ٺ٣үǻҪģ˵Բԣ
еͭǮͷŵүٺһЦֽ˵οѾǸɽħʣµһԱΪźˣܲһֱħɣǾ̫Цˡ
Сӡ
ҵĻүƺЩȣ΢΢һЦۺᳯ΢΢˵ͷο
ʱ˵Ѿҽӽ˹һɨͼŤ壬ƺѾƾ˵ȷҵλãצ˹
㻹ãҾ浽󡣡
һЦûתȥ䣬һ͵ץǰǻȼյĻ֮С
ջǵظоٶȴƤҿɲҰͣһһ룬͵һ꣬˲ְ˳
ֱ۵𣬻еĵǰЩڤֽճɵĻҽҷѾӻץһͲڤֽµī
Ϊ֮ǰһ˼ѪͺڹѪĶҺ嵹˻īѾѪȾͨͨģ⡣
⣬Ϊīϰװ˵ݣīϿƲ۵ĺ߱һϸ˿ĻһգѾպˡ
ī߬У˲սָƤ⣬ʱĶ˵ô࣬ýָīһǺ̱ͮͮק˳ʱҲѾ˵ҵǰ
ССѽ
Сĵ
ۿ˫ֳצ״ץ˹Ҷû˵߾˫ϣһ߳˵Ķ͵һգһ̵˲˵ĸ첲Ƥ˫һ
˵Ĳҽҿûţ̤ǲһ࣬˱ȥ֮һգһǾߵһҲ߸ס
ʱͻȻһβɨ˹׼ʱһӣվβ̴ͷϲͷƤɨ˹ȥվһգ˵βͺһ𡭡
㲻ϲ𣿽Ҳ㳢һסζ
˵Żһܵϣûǿ˻ͷȻߵͷΧߵĲԼ˵ֲ˼Ȧ˭֪һΣ̾ͱ˴ͷϸ˦
ҴվۿңϽһ˦ְеī˳ȥ
ϣ
ī˵ɹһǰɱҲѾ˦˱ϵ̳͸һֻȥ׷̵ȮƵģۿŽӽīʱͻȻһɴܣһھͰī
ȵī̵죬ᶼˣûӵīīΧ˵ϺһҴܣʱʱβһɱ֮īϵѾǾ߻²ǣټϾԼȵƴشһҶ߲øʵˣһĹͰ˵һţˡ
Сӣ㻹һף
ͻȻ⴫һЦϵүѾϲܵҵߣһͶĿ⣬ǿеˡ
ʱүͻȻַ˵СӣⷨµǴʲôطѧģƺѻϸһȴЩ룬ƺҲģô£
үȷʵѻ׼ȷ˵ƽѻ
һ˵ţһЦǺǵ̳ĵطߣӵϼ˼ŻֽŷߵǱסԡ
ѻʲô
үͻȻʣѾûˣѾſڵûˣһŷĶͷϣһԼĶͷϣҧָѪʼΧԼȦд䡭
ƺǿҾֹЩ֣ҶһԿΨүƺЩߣͻȻһ־˵ιСӣ㵽״ĶѧĹŹַɱðհ


1074 Ϲս
ͯӻͯɣ֮ز
ûүĻΧԼڵϻ˸ѪȦ֮ڵϿʼӡ䡭
ģү˲ɫ԰ףŵһСӣǲȥɽ
үΪɽħ崫ˣѵϸɽʸû𣿿ϧԴɽٺ󣬸ɽѾ׻ǹùýһЩдиɽشĲλ͵͵ңҴҲȥ֮ء
Ȼ㣬õǸط˳䣡Сӣǻٵģ
㲻ۣýǺ͸ıɣǲҲ
ҳ΢΢һЦּʼӡ䣬֪үͻȻҡγ˹һɨ˦ֽһ˹ȥءһүµεը顣
Ҳ˲ԾŵøϽֹңȴɢˡ
˳ԪʼǻԪɢҹͶ쾰ͻפϼ΢˼֪ԩԩѽһԩЪҽԩҵԣɢ𡪡
СҪ
һУǰһڣͨһ˵ϣȻȴ֪ģ׼ȷ˵֪ӦԼĻǡ
ܸоԼһĪǣ֮£ǵڵ϶õ˶ͷȥ

꣡޿ˣ
ŭڤڤ֮дʱΧֻһعŽԼ˵ź
ͷҪǸϾɱ𣿡
һȴԵЩ
ҴӺڰ֮߳ȥֻѾٶȴħǡѹȷʵдôҲһֱͼıһ״ѵǾͷҪɱܾӦŹǣԸⷵ칬۵£˻ǵĹ磬Ӵٲ̤˼һ㣬Źǰɡ
꣬˵һ᲻Ļ˳˼䣿㿴ŵһ̰ףҿɲֻ֮һ㣬ֻһ˼ӭ̫ƽʢҲûκѹǡˡ֮ϣ
ҵָ߽ҸоԼǰн߶߳ڰ磬ȴͨһһӰѾҵǰ˫ϥ򵹡
㣬вУ
ǻԽˣǰˣҾϵãֻڻþ֮мһΡ
ϴһѪѪսף磬ü͸¶һɲظ㣬Լս׷϶¶ֱϣƻһööֵַ䡣
һϳϵսףڶ۾ϳ˾ꡣ

ʱһӰͻȻҵ֮УǸһѪȾµŮˣҳŽţϺƮڶȹƮƮٲȻһȾŮ̬ŮҲϵãұȶӡȻֻʬ塭
꣬Ҫ
ˣϾ϶Ѫ߰ߵģͼʱѪֿʼ˳żʡ
սеֵزΪ֮𣿡
˵Ż˵ǵֻгޣͼǵۣǶѲˣЩ˶Ѿˣ³һ˿𣿡
ҪԣҲܡֵǡڴˡ
ͻȻƿŮˣųվʼҡҡڰڵسŶȥײҵʱ˳Ա߲˸ӣĿɨ򱳺һƬǧ
ҳìܺսǶҲеĳԴǡһԣɽĲܹ칬֮У۵
껰˵һ룬Ӷǧ֮УͻȻ䡰ಡطɳһ֧ǽŵ걳һȺ˺۵ħ
ٿ֮꣬ȴƴסΣ˺ѪӶٶߺ
ⳡսͲ÷Ҳеħ޶޷棬ϣٸһλᣡҲԸΪħ֮ĺƽһУ㡭ҡ
㣿ΪҪ㣿
ͻȻ䣬ͼǶ鿪ʼɢ࣬мλþȻһ·ͼһڸͷϳ
˫֮Уһսһ˸ıˮҲϵǴ
꣬ⳡսȷʵǴĻŷģΪЩħ޼ɵزɱǣѹǣټȥò˶þͻᱻǸϾɱҿҲҪٶ˵ʲôûĻˣԹҺ£뿪㲻㿴Σ
һ˵޹ؽҪֻܷŹҵЩֵǣҪͼַɽϵ칬򣬵ҪĻ꣬Ҳֻܷսףƴػ۵µİΣˡ
˵䣬üķŭԽԣϵػͻȻʼŤҲʼ仯֫Խ׳
ı仯ѪɫսҲʼѪΧ֮𽥱Σûã֮£ǳƮƮĸˣѻΪһֻӴĴꡭ
ıǧƵħҲսǧʼ̤ŵ϶ѻɽʬǺѪӣǰ
ѽ꣬ΪǲҵĻأ
ϣͻȻһЦͷһ˦ָ֣ߺ㿴жħѾҵ£ΪǾԲģҪƴأ
ʱҲͷɨһۣЦ𡪡
ΪҪػĶ࡭


1075 ս
ѹǳݣ׹սۿ
޴Ľס棬ͻȻһ
ɶʱضɽҡ֮кѹѹĻ˲䱻ײһѺۣɱֱ
̧ͷգȺħ󣬾ͼһɽֱƲ֮Уʱ׵Хǵʯͬһƺ֮ŰǺ¡¡ءСƲ˺ѿƵģʱ׹է֣Ǻѹѹ棬ͼһ޴ĹƲ¶Ӱƻֺꡭ
ϸһǹ֮±ǲƲڵɽɽܵƶ˺͵ʯ֮УŰڶһȻߣԼ˫׹¶ޣĳλʱʱƶ֮̽˼ǧƺʱضпƶͬһ˼䡭
ǧȻɱɽ£һ֮󣬹ɽһȺħҲѳͬˮһ˹ȥ
Ǿʱǵص֮ҲѿʼһػħһȺڻ֮£Լֵͬܡ
꣬һǿһҽ£Ψ㣬𾴵ĵˡ
ֳֽԭزȻµȴѿʼ
ͻȻһ޴Ĺͷһֻ뺷Ѿӵ֮˿شͷϣ˰֮С
Ѿֹôˣһ˶ϰɡ
˵ŻӶս̸ֻΧˮı˹ȥ
ҲһɱٶſѪһǰ˽˳ȥĽ͵ǰһܣ޴˲µľ޶ȥ
ǾӴ޴㣬šءһ죬̱˵ڵأھͷϵĴһΣҲӾ޵ͷϱ˦ʱͼ޴ٶȷһѪɫĹ⣬ʱâɢֻΪΣͬѪɫսףֳһ˺ǹǹͷǱڽµľ޶ͷϡ
һŭǹӾ޶ͷγۡѪɣȻͬһѪһ㡣
ӭѪ꣬ΧһȺٶȳϮ˹ȥͼζѪɫǹǹϺŰֻһǺһȺȺֱõ˳ȥ
ǧ֮뺷ħʲôô˵ɾ̧̫ˡ
˵ͻȻǹ⵹̽棬͵һһŰ᳤磬ʱڵһ蹵ıٶȲҽ෭
ĿȻǸոմӵĴһΣգһȺȺ˻šźŵǳǰ棬Լ嵲סֻϣܱסСʲôأ
ٿ׹¶ܣ˫еıнǰȻҲѾӭǳ͹׼
˭֪ʱӰȴӿ£ʱͻȻһƴ˹ءһɫúѪɫĳײһ𣬾ʱһҲѾͬҶһ׹أиһɨ˲˳ŸƮɢڿŰڶһ֮󣬳ǳײ˹ȥ
ϾҪΪŰ𣿡
ۿԼǹסһŭѾǰĸȴ΢΢һЦ˵꣬ΪŰ㰡ⳡսʼȺѾħһ˧һ촦ʬ޴棬ѵҪǵĺ󳾣
Ҳ벽˭ĺ󳾣ֻǵˣѵħ𣿡
壿ǣֻԲѵ˵ǡ
һ֣Χɨ֮Ц˵ĹۺúÿΧħѡ񳼷ࣿѾͷǧˣ౻ǻ֮ңֻҪںЩһħǣ˴Ϊ֮ʿұ֤ǵ£
壿ǣ̫ˡ
ҿ̫˰ɣ
ЦŻػ˵ѾԼ˴ԼãֻҪͶһѡһõĵطǰĵӣ꣬úÿưɣѾѧ̫̫࣬ǾٱЩħѹѾȫҪˣټǶԿյģֻ㡭
úÿĿĲҪǣΪǱػ칬֮ţǲĿİ
껰ճڣڸ΢΢һЦ˵²Ҳϣȷʵ칬֮˼ӵŻٵҲлܳħǣΪ࣬ұնݳ
ǣֻ
Ȼ
ֳʱϵıٶȷŭѵͻȻƿǰϾ͸ָֽٶŭ
ʵڸǶ˵棡ҽΪ˫˧ЩҽսȴδĽһ֣һΣ˶ϰɡ

һڣ¶ǣȴ΢΢һЦ˵ľͺáЩϾΪ׵ĹΪĸҶȻµƪչҪɵĽҲ໭ľţ˽ĵ˰ɡ
ɷ˵ճûȸشѾζ˫еĽս˹
עĴۿԷһȻгǹӭסžһǹסսһ˲䣬ɱŰһеĽҲֳ˹
һ֣֮ذΧһȺħҲѾɱòɿˡ


1076 Ϲɽ
죡ɱǷɱǷ
һ󾪺УһȺŭųǰڰ֮ŰĹȥ
צȴ棬ڿһŰ֮󣬵ϱֻצץıѾʬɽˡ
Ҳ֪Щ˵Ķ֪ԼԶǾĶ֣ȴǺ޹˼ɵ˻ǰǾʬǶѻСɽ
ۿǾٶȴӿзոʬɽǰűϽкصĶƣסžһצһӹǶȴֽͬƬһɾͱץ飬ͬһץģмֳֶƵʿ
ûǵ£˾ѾǰƵǰ˵ʬ֮󣬲̤ЩʬǾóǹȥǿĶӣƬʵ̫ˣûκα̴Ŀԣʿǹ۶˲١
ʿȫ˼˺ΣգǰʬǶѳɵʬҲԽԽߣѪһһ˻顭
ʱڿնĿһͷٶȴӸ߿ɻûץʬϵһȺͻȻͷһŭ𣺡ڡɱ
ɱֶû£͡һ˵ͷѾñצӹһ󶴣ûȾŤڵٶڿգʿǽµʬɽͻȻʼͼһ߾߲ȱʬ屻˿ʬ棬Ȼ˼ʮ¶ѾѪȾ
Щ˵ûдκο׻ߣ󲿷ָһ˿δңΨÿ߬һѷĩβǵļ̳һȦ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱǶѳɵʬɽģȻǴǾȥģһͼŤҪٶڿնЩҲûŭȡ¼ϵ̽еһ˦Ǿϡ
һžشУС֮⣬󲿷жǾƬ϶֮УȻ⻹޷ֹεŤڣקһڿն¡һ죬ɾȻûжǣڿŰţѰ´Ļᡭ
˭֪ʱֻͻȻӵϡһſ򣬷ͬʱԼȻ͵סһھպϳԼʼ׹
Щһ׹۵þҽһƬƬ۸˺ȥ
ûб˺ҲѾʼвٱ˳
ϵıʼǾ˺ƬĲλϵıҲʼֳһѪһӾ͸ûһĹͽȾѪ죬ڣһȺϡĺʳ֮£һξʹӿˤͨһһͷײѻɽʬ֮С
ϣƬ˺Ѫ⣬ͷʼ۾ܿ죬Ѫſʬһˡ
𾪵ػܣĿܼÿһ䣬޴ǲҽɱ죬ӴĹɽħǱԷħɱġ
ȻЩ𽥴࣬׼˸ǿħȱݡ
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ٱڿеһֻֻ񣬸߸ϸȺԻɱ޷ֱɱҲһʱ佫ЩëȼǳŹ޷ƽ⡢ٶʱðȺеͶʯͶʯͷϵĿꡭ
̾ڹɽһŵֻҪսʿһӽ̴̽ͷսʳǺܶ˹Լս׺·ɽʯͿŭǵѪڣȥʱҲ͵ںԼ
սеû찵أħѪһ𣬵˺
ں꼤սȻȴһˣҲѾս֣˺۵ֳ˱Ϊһֻ޴Ĺ꣬ں˲š
֮⣬һȺֳսʿΧӦһѰ˦ס걳Ͼ޴ĿӡԼͬ߰㹥˵βͣ˳泤˦ĺȥ
дĵĿѾ˺ۣüطܴ濴ˣȻŲ£ħȴѾһֻһֻزڹɽ֮¡
ʱͻȻֻءһ촫Դ֮Ȼǹɽɽһźں
һ֮ɽӿˣѹƲɢ̧ͷſһͼǾɽɽ۴Żмɸߵɽ֮ϣƯһػֺ빬Ǵǹ洫ġ
žĴһź˳ǹеŴ˳ʱͬںٲһ㣬˳ŹɽͿʼɽ
ˣ
һۿʧɫʱŭȴٶȴ
죡ɱɽȥռ칬
ŴŭЩıøӷ񣬿ʼ߾еı̤ŵϵʬǣŭųɽϳȥ
ûƹ壬ҲɽϳȥײײתҪ׷ϣȴѾʮס޷
ǲȥǻẦۣẦԼģ֪Ŀ֮򵥣ẦЩ˵ģ
ȴȫûеõκ˵Ļش𣬵ǲսʿûϱϣеĿǣö۾ͷ


1077 һǧ
ǧ˻źиһȺħ˺ѷεزҽǹɽ칬֮ڹḷ́Ѿٶ˹ɽɽŴ
ź̵ĹһͻȻӺ̹칬֮дܳȻһβûгɽͬĴһڿһת
⻭棬ҾȻЩϤƺʲôط
뵽ʱһμͻȻϮͷ֮սҪʱվϣͷѾݻٵòӵȴǴӵ´ܳĲɽΧһȦȦ
ǽǡ
ڷӦ˹
ȻʱĺȴͬХϮɽţһɽϵǧûֳʬѪϵңĴ˹
һ˲䣬ǰٶһƬڣ߶Ѿȫû
һƬ޾ĺڰ֮Уڳ֣ŭ𡪡
ţľܵõ𣿡
ѵ㡭ѵִ칬Ŀģ
Ȼأ㲻̫СƺѾϰѹȣǴӴֽкδأԣȻôҾҪµõİ񣬾ҡ
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ƺǸģóʱҲͻȻü

ֲָغڰ֮вϸֻͨǶԻ֪࣬ȻʱǼضԻȴѾƮȡ֮ģһɳƶƮЦ
ЦƺҲЩϤͻȻʱȴҲɵΪ֮һֻЦΪǰƮ˹
꣬ʵΣΣ
˭˭˵
Ҿŵطʣܣȴʲô
ҿ̫ûмˣôٺúһİ
ٶȴʱȴһϮذ£Ѿǰĺڰ֮˳ϸһȻǸЦеˣĻþ֮УǸɽˡ
֣㡭
˼һϮ³ԽԽ˲侪סΪʲô
˵һֱܺ棬ֻң˶ܺ棬ΪȻûκ֪ݵ˭ҲֻǼǵãԼСʱ˾Ѿżɽϳˡ
ûޣ֪ݣ˿ɲ򵥡
ʱѾЦеߵҵǰͻȻ̧Ǹɿֱָҡ
ŵ֣ܿ˭֪һʱ֮徹֪Ϊβܶˡ
˳һЦָʱ˵£ҴӲˣֻԹ
飬ٽҵĽģʱѾָҵĶͷ£¸ո꣬Ժ֮жʱˡһһλ˲ӿС
ͷԺ治֪ʱٺĲ裬ˡ
𽥳ͣǻþ֮Уͼһ˫ӰһôµʯͷϣӶЦһѪɫս׵꣬һˡ
þ֮Уģͱֱ͸ǰһƺÿοһЦеı飬·ѶһС
ºȲͺȱ³ԲͳԱ
ЦţͻȻһ̧֣Ҳǹˣֵ̧˲ͼһ΢ɨһһƮ䣬ͬһƵģһأµʯͷΧ̳һüֱġ̺ʣµ֦Ҷ仯ת֮ͻΪһô
˻ָ̧һͣסָһоȻƾնһͭͭˮڡཹཡðݣǷˮ
ˮŸһտһ΢ϮϾȻƮ伸ƬҶӣڿһ֮Ƿˮһ˲Ժ֮еĻþһŵǲֱĿ
ũΪѰʳٲݣһʮ֧һ֮¡ʱϼƬҶƮ䣬֧ˮУҶˮˮȾộũһ룬֮ӭж⣬ǹա
һ˵һЦһְһֻ̧΢΢Ц˫סǻڡཹཡðݵˮ裬ͻȻ˫һˮ边˲仯ΪӣһһС
˽һӵݸ꣬Ц˵ܽٶܽǧαȥã֮أһ˾ܸıģⱭ裬Ӵֻƾȥˣǡ
ӹͷһ֣ͽ֮һȴ쳤̧ͷïܵĲֳϴ˼£Ͽʼžصһſ󣬲һſ潥ɫɲ͵ĺɫ
ллĲӣʶҲ㲻ˡ
˿ڲ裬ִʯͷϼ˼ӳԣվ̧ͷԶɽ֮۵б̾˿˵ҸˣľֱƹɽȥҲڹɽ¼һս۽Σ¶һսˡ
ãʤΣʡ
΢΢һЦ˵ûж٣и߳ɰɡ
Ŷôࣿ
ǵȻ
ЦŻش𣺡˵ЩűܣһսϾֱӹϵ۵İΣǱص߾ȫǰοһֱħֻأ̸ֵΪһΣϵһ𣬳ڹɽ֮⣬·Ԯ
Ŷôŵù𣿡
ԼֵܣʲôŲģӲʧ
Ŷ𣿡
΢΢һЦȻ˵ʱ֮ȴɢһĨɫ
ҼǵõҲô˵ģħ䵽أһǺǣϣмأ


1078 Ż
˵֣ڻһ£ܿͻָ˾񣬻ͷЦЦ֮󣬿ֱ߿ʯͷϵѪɫǹʹʯͷȥͷҲصذ˰˵
ˣսʤǱؽټʱһġ
Ǻǣ㲻ɽˡ
˻һڣסͷɻɨһۣ˵˵ҪˣǺǡ
Ŷĸܰң
ԣҪȥɽ
ɽҲҪȥɽ
һʣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ˵ʵҲȥչ鲻ȥУʱҾͻǳڴһˣͷҶȲ桭
Ǹ⣡
֣Ц˵˼֪ⷬһսǱضʤˣ˵Ҳԣʤ֮Ǳضפعɽ֮ϣ뿪ҲˣǺãҾڹɽ㣬ҺȲ衭
һģȥɣС
С˼ϺͿҿɲʲôСϹ꣬
˵꿸ųǹԶȥֻʣ˶Ų豭ʯϣЦеԶȥıӰ
ͻȻ̾˿ͷʼԼִʯͷϼһſź棬ٰڻʯͷϣһ߰ڣһߵ߶š
ٳ˼ҡһȥټ֮ˣҲؽһ˼ӣҡò衢ӣǻ
˵Ťͷ꣬ǱӰѽԶȥʧ̾˿᲻䡭

㡭ؽľ
ǻԺ֮ʧһŵضǰЦеˣˮס˫ۡ
꣬һ꣬㣬ּˡ
˹һЦ˵Χ޾ĺڰƺʼɫͬˮˢˮīһ㣬ȡ֮һƬɽ˱˫£澹һʯͷͺ͸ոҵĻþУһĴʯͷ
Ҿ֮ʣͻȻɨһƬһӿƮ䣬̧ͷһͷϿվȻ֪ʲôʱһôˣʱ˿̣ڴµʯͷϡ
Ϊλ֪һУ
£ˣǻ͸ոջ֮пһģһ̧лͭͷˮ˲ֱһſųӡžˤо˵Ϥ
˵ݹһ裬ֿ˵һ磬֮ô׵飬ǿеĹֳƹԽ壬Խʿءɽˮʮ꣬ϡػϡ˻ϡʡľԻ껯֮УԴ˴ؿʼֽүһ壬֮һԴ˹˼ԹͨΪ˼صݣΪľ
ʡľ
еͿʱЦ˵ʴ֮󣬹־ͷ죬ֱħ汲Ըٵ˼佮ͦϡͨϡг֮󣬹峤֮λϣҲΪϤݻʡݻλʱ˼侭ŬѾ£ݻɳϥŮˡŮͨ˼䣬ɴʹҲڴʱݻŮˣΪħǵʳд˾٣Ϊ˽ħӹƵ˼䳤Ĵ㣬׼
ԭԭôΪ֪ı
˵˵ͷ˿ڲ֮ЦŸ˵
ͷ칲ƾŴʮһˣϡػϡ˻ϡʡ˴ĳΣԼšɽľͨ˹˼䡣
ڼػϵӡҲ˻ϵĸػͬʱִƹ壬ڡʡһʱڴػϲδһ
ִͦϡͨϡг˼֮˼ճɣϿʼʱݻʿʼ𽫹˼ļƻҿʼ࣬ʳʳ˼䴴
ݻı𱻷Ůס֮󣬷ϡŮԴʽΪ˹ʵִߣͬŮʱڣ˼гʱڣҲıʱڣ࿪ʼ𽥷ٲʢ
˵һڲ裬ͻȻ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ȻڷˡŮ洶ʱڣ˼ȴֳһµĹͳߣϡ
򿡭ϡ
⻰Ҵʧɫȴص˵ͷֽ˵ϵʼԽʼչƾŻʮһˣΪһʣʣȻǷŮϵһһ
ϣһ˼ǡ
Ϲһħսս𣬴ݻŮ֮ȼΪ˼䣬Ůնɱݻʣݻ֮ȴԹ֮е۷ӡסݻʵҲ˼䣬ս۷һʹݻʬػʹȻϵãŮ
Ů
һ˵ͷ˵ϹŮ壬״˹֪ΪΣ
ҡҡͷ
˵Թű뺷֮ԭŮصشݻʬػߣ˭֪׻ƿʼѾڰҪͳΣֻԼĴߡŮշֵ˸ĤΪɷħĴҵԹűԼݰʮľˣ͵͵˷ӡҽݻʵʬȡ죬Ӵ˵һµĹ
򿡭ȡ
û¹һսµȣʵݻʬĸ壬˲űΪǿ˼


1079 
̾Ϣ˵ȼ̳ݻʵĳޡ˵ĿԼƷͳεҰġ
ֲ׻һ̣˹ĶĲͼһսƷͬʱƿ£Ҳ¹һսǰҲǺ˴վ׻һԭ
ֻʱ۷Ů洶ףΪȴǹѪͳ塢£֣֮µ˼
ԭȻôıԭΪֻǴ˵оѡ
Цҡҡͷֽ˵ɲҪСȣŻ֮һʮһλԽ䣬ʿ˵Ψһһ࣬ҲǿһǶ˼˵˼һսķߣҲ𡭡ȳ֮ǰ廹δȡ˵ֶΣֻΪ˼ܺƽԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽˣҲ̰ˣҪþԽԽ࣬ս
ǰԹս̰𣬶֮Ա̰ԭǱԽԽٱñ˸ŻԽ͡
ҵ˵ͷּ˵
궫ĲҰĲҰıֵԽԽǿңԤе˼佫һΣ֮УΣƾ⣬ֻƻħ֮ìܣѪɺӵĲ״۷Ů飬˼ѡһΪ֧ߡ
಻뱻ͳΣֻΪ߸ϵĹħ֮ˣԼͬͳ£˵ı֧䣬һħ֮ì߽ĹϵȻͻỺ࣬ѡũʣҲ˵׵ũ
ӵʱ׵˼ߵģνʳΪ죬׵۴ͷ֣ðΣձ鳢ٲݣɳ˵ʱеĴӢۣ۽ʱ֮׵ۣһ͸ĳθΪ˼䳢԰ٲʱۿʳҩڳθ֮еķ͹̣Ұٶ֡
ȴСҰģΪһѡɴ
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ǰĴ˲ϧ̾˿ҡҡͷּҽ
֮һս֮󣬴޷ϵˣʵҲøɣûΪ̤칬˺飬򱻽ԹʱױȵԹ˳˺ѿ˿Ƕ壬Ӷ˳֮һǾǳԽڳħȬٶȡ
Ϊصŵ´岻ϵ˺ʹ
칬ıѻ̰Ҳڵֹһʱ䡣
ɴ֮󣬴ʼڿ־֮УΪܵĲһƣҩҽģ˺Ѹлʱ޿̲ÿҹΪҵʹ˯ĥȥٽɱĵز
û壬ΪĳѾõһֱε÷ıˮԼĺʱ˿ǿҵľʹ֮󣬾ֽϣˡ
ǿЦˮΪ۴׵۵˼ȨתڻƵۣҴӴɣս֮սʱ⽣˴۵д˴У˴ѽĽˣӴ֮׳ƳΡ
ƺ֮⣬Ψһʹù˽ˣǸˣһս֮У˽νʹá
⽣Ϊʲôõ˸лһι£ҪӴͼʱ˵ˡ
ʱѶϾ󲿷ħҲѾȴڶԴƴӣϾ֮ǰѹҪ̷ǴӲ롣
ǸˣͬʱҲǸ˵ߣԸΪǧֶεĲɱͬ壬ȴӲײкСࡣ
Ǻһ죬ԼѾ׼Ĵ˹֮Уƭ¶Ʊס֮ͼþ綾ļɱ
ʱ򾫱Χڹܣ֮Уʮĸҵز벻Ȼô
ʢŭ֮µĸӳͼߣû뵽ʱһսǳ׿˴ŽϾǰָȡ˳
ָϾӡ֧õͬĹЧ֧ͬΪġ֮ǱǿдָĴ֧ͬķӡϵֻ֮Уʹ֮࣬ĳͷĪڴˡ
³ͬ˸п
һ䣬ǰһƬƮɢΪһµӰ
һ׵ϵȥľĿڴһ˸ѪܵĳǽĽѾȫ͸ѣӿˤȥʱ˳Ŀڵ˻ƮѪ
˵һսԪˣձһ̴Ѷ
ڻšʡ
ȴҡͷ˵ǻţȴ֪ʲôط
ʲôط
ٶȷʣͼ˵һζƮɢǵ߾ԽԽԶģӿ˳ˤĸ壬ѾСÿҪˡ
ʱҾȻǻþ֮п˼Ϥһɽɽ״ʶ
ϸһ룬˲䵹һ˵ǹɽڹɽɱ˸
ס
ûǹɽͻȻΧһЧĸˣ׵ľˣƴɱսӵɽƺҪԱԼħڣҪЩԹųӶĿĶûдɣȴڹɽ֮бһ
ǣ֮أ
֮ʬͬħһҲ˹ɽڣȻͬǣ֮ǰ߬ŲĿڵǰѱˮ޷ֿǽ֮սնɱħǴѡ񽫴˽ŸʬһͬڣԴ˷ӡǱȥҲΪⳡսһľšһȴû뵽


1085 ⣬ϵ˼
ʲô£ʡ
ˮΪϹ쳣ǿȻҲὫ˽ΪȨߵˡ
˼ǣǽģ
֮ȴҡҡͷ˵Ҳȫǣֻһѣһ棬Ŀڵıˮ͸һ棬֮ȺħԹҲ͸˸ʬ֮УԹ໥ϣŵԸҪӳڿɲףʱգħѪΪʳħԹݲУԹǵĲк𱸣Ҳʱ򣬳ʹĸŤԼҪһΪԼһ棬ҲΪ˱ԼЩħ𣬺һ׹̽˻Եɺ֮Ǳڣ׹˵Э͹ݱļƻ֮£ɹӳߣӳȥ֮ĵһ£ǽǸȳȥɱð׹˵ݿʼĴ˼䲼¸ֵͬʱҲŤ׹ڵĽ⣬𽥽ĺᣬһȺ˵ķӡ
ԭ׹̣
ҸпһָϽʣôأ
ͱӡ
ָ̧һǹڵϱסĴ̾˵ǰĴʵ壬Ǵġȴʹֻ֮޷ѣȻΪʱеӢۣȻ޷ڵġ
˵һЦ˵ʱ˽֪񣬱˴λ֮ûãͼæѡΪԼ֮µĽӰˣҲһΪ£Ң˴ΪϹʥɼһߡ˭֪ȴ˴֮ǰⶨΪԼĽӰˣ֮ԼλͲѰҽӰЭԼֻΪʱѾ㹫Ȼִˣλʮ֮Ҳ޷ǽթɽ˽ԼɽУֻϣõĳ˯Ա㲻ٱʹͽš֮ĶȻѲַ棬Դˣ±˼£ʱĴȻûȥȴѾȫϾȥ˼Щˡ
֮󣬴һֱڳ˯𣿡
ǣô򵥡
ٶҡͷ˵֮ԽԼΪʹŵֻԭ֮һ
ѵбԭ򣿡ٶ׷ʡ
˵˵ͷ˵ǵȻԴöָ֮˵Ͼǰµ䡭
磬䡭
񣬽ħΪ֮Ӳ飬۷ŮΪУ۷ŮΪ˶
˻ش˵ʱŮһΪΪַ壬˴ݻٶ񣬸սڿսǰݻ٣ܾġϾ֮ǰڿ˴պزɱйħ£ָ䣬ҲĹҲ֮ǰĴħģԭ򡭡
Ҳ˵ܹ֮ߣΪ䣿
֮λɱҲΪԭʣħ֮սŽã˼Ļ̻̣˭ܽһĹħͳԼأϾһҲǹڳЦ㿴㣬ɱôħޣԼȴҲǵģ㣬ɱԼɱˣΪǲ֮ô޵ģĸһɡ
ڴ˵ʹģһҲ¶ܹµ
ȷʵ֮սþ춯أʱħǴԼΪ޵Ķˡ
ӮսĴȴԼ޵ģټһѿֲϵ˿ڣʹ࣬±ܵظʮ˲й֮޲ˡ
Ͼָңڵ֮Ĵÿձʹĥһ仯Ϊߴӵض֮˳ȥ˶أֻҪһħ֮¶棬㱻Ⱥ֮˺Ҳʱħкʱĸ˰ɡ
ֻ֮ԼݣȴֻǵýԼ⸱ģĽǣ޷⡢޷ȴĳޡ
òҲã鱻ڹҲãձʹҪʹö࣬ģǽǡ
˵ʱ˵Ŀɨ΢΢һЦ˵˵ͷĥ֮󣬴Ǿ߲˲ߵΪʬ⣬ͱһֱĵĽ֮С
ⱻŵģӦþǴİɣ
ҲѭǴӰȥ֮Уܿһž࣬š
˼ңӦôܾ
Ҫ˵ˡ
˶ŴЦϵ䣬ƽ⣬еĽȴҪĶ⣬Ϊβģ˼ǧ꣬˲䣿
ˡ
ҳ˵ͷҲ̧ǿݵ˫֣ʩһ̧ͷЦ˵갡꣬ѣȴǷһĽѽ⣬ǻǷˡ
˼ңǷģô֪ôأ
Ҳ΢΢һЦ˵ʵ⣬Ҳֻѣܿóǧ䣬ģδ뿪ȻĻΪʲôôأ
һһڣȴѾôЦ
һЦ֮ҡҡͷ
ֻһĴӺ˵ȴҲģȴа
˵һһŰ׹ɢͬʱ˵ѾӰ΢΢Ц


1086 
ȻͬΪܵİ׹ûģȴͬߵһߣ׷΢΢ЦӦģͽľΪģڶǸʮľ׳ӣĿԲһĸ㣻ˣһģСӣҲúĿⶢ΢΢Ц
ֻǶҿû˵ѾԲµǵˡ
ľΪɽľڣӹ˼ͨΪس֮ʱϡػϡԼ˻ϡԼûǰүˣӦþǴ˵еġʡ˰ɡ
󣬾ͼһֱҵġʡ΢΢ͷŹâըɢءһɢ٣ľ˵ٶȴİ֮ըɢ
ĽԵĶ⣬ȥİɣⲻ԰ҲҲܰ㡭
˵ٶȴ֮Уͼոɰ۶ɵ˵ΣٶһƮɢ
꣬һҶټǷѻ꣬´μʱ¾Ҳûʲôɰˡ
˼ңҵѾˣлл
ҳſƮɢİ̵ͷлûõĹǰ̾ȫɢ٣ųǹڵϣסĴ˹ȥ
ƺȫûע⵽ѾӽɹڵʹţģǱ
ҵҲûֱȥǰһ֮󣬼ʼƽֹͣſڣݲЩħ
˫Ĵָ͵͵һۣʱҲѾȫͣȴû˵
ĿһĬͻȻЦʣôֺ޲Լ
⻰˵ͼһ˫ˮʪ֣ڻҲڿ
ͼϣһڶѿ˺ͣ䣬Ѫܵ˿ڱſպϣ⡭
ޣҺϵһС
ͻȻڣɳƶͳɴǲ֮Уǻŭͳޡ
㣬𣿡
ٶȿڣȻÿնľضңƬ֮󣬳ͷ

һ죬ޱ߼ʵÿռ֮У֪˶ãޱȵľȫоκεԼһ˿һʱţһжͻȻͣƵģ˱˴˳ҡԼĻɫ
ȻûиоʱջڲͣţֻҺʹϥĵĹȴ˸컻صı仯Ǳ仯ǽͷö
ٶȻΪһ׹ӴзɳʱԼ·ʵľײϺͶͷéɽʬ䣬λƫº󲿵ͨ˷ɰȷʵͦѿġ
ڹײûбۣ΢˶ľ壬ֻһʹͿ˴ӹײĸļ΢⣬ŸϽòֽײĸӶ˿
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôڹײ֪һˣƿײĸӡʿһֻһŻʬζͻȻӭθֱ鴤
ҸϽŴӹײһͷڷ֣ģζģȻҵ壬ҵֱѾһëƤмطѾʼ𽥸ˣҵ»ع֮Ǹõĵط𽥵ϻԭģٶۿɼ
ҸϽڹײﳯǰһۣͼƹƣƺ˫۾̫ûõĹϵ߶ģģġ
ûҵ߻ָȴһҸϽ̧۾ȵ߻ָ֮ڿڴľȻͼүĶϣүһʱľĴϣں˯
һϣҲڵϺ˯ء
ҳΧ˼ۣⷿСҲܺڰһд̨һƾɵĴ̣Լŵһײ֮⣬ҲģȴܾЩʶɸոѹԴģ벻⵽ʲôط
ֱҵĿɨſڣɨŵǼšĿֽͨҵ͵һ£⣬ⲻҼ
ûҵļңҵķ䡣
ǵõСΪűϹǧ굤ҲǰҹŶʱűߵһμֻһ졢һɡİp
ңΪʲô
֮УӹײȥԼ˫ȴûκε֪λҲģʱͻȻ֨һյķž汻ƿˡ
ǵǰȥϰ֮ǰҵֻᾭڵʱҳԷ𴲡ҲڵʱʰӣۿһҵвһʹˮȻģ˫ۣ鲻Խؾͽһ衱
߽ȴղҵ裬һˮ裬ϴһëġ
ޱ
ޱһֻŲŸո̤øĿԣ͵ؾſڣĿضҿ˴ӣͻȻˮһˮҲžꡱһڵˤ˸顭
ѽҿ
һˤŵſүϵ͵ؾһֽܾۡ͡ſڳ壬ȴſڵĳޱס
ޱ֪ͨܣ׷ɱˣ죡ӡ
ʦʦ
ޱûմͻȻһʣʱүҲѾע⵽ڹײңسΧ˹ҲӦ˹
㣬СӡСӿǻˡ
һʱۿҲʪˣȾͳҳٶ˵˹ײ
Сӣ֪֪Լ˶ãǲͰˣ


1087 Ǻǰ
ĺУͼүۿҲʼʪ󣬶¹ƵҲϽϲس˽һڹײɵ㶵§ϽΧȵʳʶ̡
ΪʲôôȣΪʲôҵļ
ҳˣȴҵ鶼ƽ֮󣬸һ˵Ҳ˹ڵʱ䣬һУ
Ǵðս쿪ʼһֱ㵽һĻһһʮ죬Ҳǽµʱ䡣
ү˵ʱһ
ڼľ͸һģһģûᶯڡ뿪ļ֮ҵġʬ塱ʼ˸õ
˵ʱܶ˶ΪðʩѾˣһȺϵȽϺõֵܽȴңȷһ취ġ
ү£éɽϵıʬķҵ塰һ£ɰúԼһЩҩõķĩѪСͨסԷסһλסʬױʡ
һȷʵãҪȻĻµʱ䣬Ѿõˣֻǳ΢ƤʺͳЩʬ߶ѣִʽȷʵҲεģҵ˫ȴľлָ֪ӹײʱԥ̫ô״̬̫ܲ׿Լˣʱ鲻Խķ˸ƨһƨƫλԳһɰ
ү˲ײʱ֮ǰΪ˱˽ײûüȥλҵ󣬸ҲôﵽλãƨһҲụ̂Źĺ̸˸Ũױ죬ָ
Ҳʱŷ֣ԼϾȻȫһ˿ңүңΪ˱ҡʬ塱ʳ̶ȣÿ춼ҪҩΪҲÿλУһֱΪҲĹΪͽܵĳޱԸɵģ˺ü죬С㶼ûĶ¿ɺãóޱˣÿ춼һ顭
ү˵µʱ򣬳ޱҲߺһֱԱߵͷҪΪҲġ
Ϊ˱ΣҸϽתƻ⣬ǣΪʲôҶҼңôڻأҼҵĳޱүʮ֮⣬ƺˣխZĶֶүȥĶˣҶĶ
⻰ʳʱȴĬƺἰҵļ֮£ү˵ʵ飬ԭҡȥʱ򣬻س¡
ҪҾȳޱʱʼ˵ˡ
СϣðȻɱ˸ոڡŮ洼ƻ̫ӳ٣˳ޱͿմʦ˽ǵעĴʬͻϮλСµĻһ¡
ȻʱǶսתƳɹ黹ûܾʹ˽ϵһţڻûзҵʬ֮󣬸СΪģʼΧ˴ģѲ׷ɱĻ̵̻СڼʮϹħ֮ʱûӹѣΪһƬҽ
ûöãǵĺ󱸻ؾͱħ֣ԵʱǵʵĶܺͶԷ࿹⡣
ǱϾѾû󱸻ˣ˻︮ڱűϹħһսڻү˱Ҫļأյүǳɹӣ︮ܲڵֵǣȫսͳƣܲһսȫѳѣⶼΪҵʱĳ嶯֮٣־˳ޱ
ҪļɲʱѣΨ
СǸˡ
ү̾˿Ĩһᣬ˵Դ߱¶֮СһֱԼɣܶ˶˵ʦͽҲһͽҧţһֱȫȫΪǹͼ֤Լ
գխZôģҳʡ
Լʦıˮ¡
ү˵ʱޱҲѿ޵߹ҵ߼ָһ£ʶԼϾȻһѾҪϵ˰̡
ǸңխZ۵Ϊ˾Ҷġ
ȻУһֱΪҪĶ֣˾ȻԴħ޹ǵĺ󱸻֮УҲڵɱƻ
ҸϽպ󱸷սתƣխZ۵תƻڵһԱԭǸɵĹڳɹԱת֮խZȴȻȻ۷˻ͼ˽Һ͡ˡתߡ
ǿĵˣΪ˽ʱѾȥġҡͬû֪ġˡɹתƣʮֵܵסħĹȫխZΪ˰ʱ䣬Ϊ︮߼ɲȻԼȥסȺħ
ү˵һԭ˱ڱϵҵģխZȴ嵲ס˽棬ڽҵ绮ȴնխZ۵һ첲
ϾԼͽܣһ£ͼԼͽΪ£խZȴӣֻսסʦȺħ֫Ⱥ󱻸Աˮն֮󣬸ŽĥխZɱ
ޱ˵СսȻˣȴΪȡߵʱ䣬ȻĻǲŶԡ
ҲȻ¡
˵խZڷܲسʱֻʮغһ仰
ǿҵףǺڣǰס
խZ۵ѶʵĵۣͻȻһμխZʱںҫǸݵŮһץҡ
Сӣħն񣬾ȻΪ˱ȫ͸մһӾԱɽȥץʬǵ졭
뵽ʱǣҲһЦҫˣխZҲˣЩļһӶǡ
Сգмһֱû㡭
ҿһЦ˵ҫȶ˸ңϲȴһֱ˵ѽ̫ǿˡǶˣɵúúϧ۸ˡİɣҪǲ㱨費


1088 ӭ︮
ΪխZ۵һ̣ġ
ƽһ֮ʣôǵ߼ɲûˣ
ڳļʱࡣ
ү˵һǾǳûŵĻˣһͳˡλսˡ
үôһ˵ҵ̤ʵһЩʣλսҲãڣڶ
ҷʣ¹Ա˵İɣȻ㱩¶֪֮ˡ︮ɴڵ飬ɱǣ︮ƣҲ˵ģ
¹˵꣬үҲ˵ͷԺ˵ǵȻٶ︮ʲôû꾸ۣ֮߸ˣۻǺö˶˵ģͦùȥģİɣ
˵үҲֳЦ˵Сӣ֪֪ΪʲôᵽڵĴ
Ϊʲôʡ
һս֮󣬸һֱѰټ϶֪ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ
֪ģϾҿνǸϰ֮һ֮ս˵Ѱҵ䣬뽫ҲĨɱѰҪصҵϼҡҹĳУԼڵһŹĳУΪЩطϤʧٺܻܿصЩط
ҵϼңԭͨͨСׯȴ֮սΪ˸ҪĿ꣬Ҳ֮սȱħģݻٵĵص֮һ
ⱨӦȳȵĴ峤ɸĴ峤ϱԼһϤļٿڴһ⣬ȫҶ
ʱҸոʧȥˣ޷԰εľʹ֮УһϢҸǿǷ뵽
֮Ҳûعĵأ˶ѾˣңҲǼˡ
ֵ֮ĳǴӣܱ߼ٽĴӣԼү˴뱲ӵĽׯʲôûˡ
뵽Щ̾˿ү˵ΣյĵطȫĵطүӦǵĳ԰ɣ
ү˵ͷ˵û㻹ǵöӰɣ
ҵ˵ͷֹǼǵѽ
ǴСҳӣȻΪԹжγޣ֮ȴǧ굤գϴҲ֪ãѾЩİˣҼǵøθһɫ۵ķ
ôõѾɢˣµֻʣ»䡭
ʱүֽ˵֮ǰħʱɱˣһٵ˴һķݣջûзֶӼҶݵµܵܵǧ굤ɵ֮أһǽ֮ĺһضǵðŹؿذٹʱµġ
ǶǱ𣿡
ʣҼǵõʱǾһδˡħҲҵһμϷ⡰СĵطҲүȥĵط
ү΢Цҡҡͷ˵ˣҵʱǴ峤׼ˮཫȫ˵͵ˣȫ˴յˮǮ峤˽˵һ룬ˮܲùһͰ
ǶѨΪŵ㣬һغܺáҵϹħɱĵطһ벻ǻʱ͵͵˵ɱطҪȫöء
ү˵ҵ˵ͷȻأиŵĵطҲ
ľ˫𽥺תڳޱĲ֮£˳ȥ
ƿųȥһǰľٶȻ¡
ӱûãıںŶڣһ߽ãǰѾһƬˡ
ҼҵķѾһ룬֮ǰСסǼѾ׿ˣԺһĶʲôԺӣǲשߣԼûŵһ߾߲ȱȫĸʬͰ׹ǣЩʶһӵˡ
ү֪ҿﲻ˸Ͻתƻ˵С⽫µʱ˵ôˣ
үôһ˵ҲϽĶڣү˸ϽҴԭӼҵķǰͨŽǵضеʱء
ҡڻæµֵ޲֣үһߴǰߣһּٵ˵֮ܲ˾ͱתƵҲ֣Դʩ֮ҲͬһþԱ֡ҲʼãõĵطȴԼ𽥻ָԭֱʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ˼Ψһһ̤ŵ֮ˡ
Ҽ򵥵ү˵һ£Ҳûüϸ˵ү͸æȥĶѨ֮С
Ҫߣȴȴһ󼱴ٵؽŲ߹ĳ¹֮ǰǸŮ֣ɫ԰ס
һ˸棬Ůһ£¹ʵôǲѹˣ
Ůͷû˵ˣǸϽȥ
һߣŮһ߽ŵ˵̫ˣ˹ҴﾹȻʼһƬ
Ƭ
ѽѽЩƬǱʲôƵģＷ֮󣬡žһأѽ붼ͷƤ飬ڼǵԼ˭ˣǿ˾֪ˡ
˵Կ״ʱװĴţš֨Ӵһק˲䣬һȥͼͷɢġˡڵϣ˫ۣɫʹ࡭
Ů˵һͼһƤ⼷ڵϣѾΧĵϵһ̲ǻ滹ǿҼƤˡ
ϸһƬ˿ھƬֿ֮ʼָԭ˼ӵʱ䣬ǡˡڻſ۾ֱضסҡ
ȻһЦ
ӭ︮


1089 
ɨһۣͻȻ̵شӵվֻ˵һ仰ֵܣжٱ
ͻȻ˵仰Χ˶סΨ΢΢һЦŴֱȭʵҪ٣
ɨұˣһĬ֮ͻȻüһ壬֮Ī֮Īж٣Ҫ١
˵ʱͼλϣƤʱʱؿѣѪ¶Ȼǹѿ˿ȴֽʼϣһܶʼţôҶס
֪˻֣˻ͷһЦ˵Ǳ£ʱһֱʹһûûҹĴϥ̸֮ǽ⿪ĽᣬϵȴǵǿɽʱµģϾĽ޹أⲻ
˵ʱҲЩ飬ֻΪǿһۣҲѾܸо˺ʱܵʹǺεȼˣҾȻȫﲻ
Ҳͷɨǲѿֲϵ壬û˿ʹر飬ֻľҲϰ˺ѷεľʹ˰ɡ
ּ̧䣬ѿ˿ϣѪ̧ͷ˵ǲùңЩվܣС⿪䣬ѾԱˡ
ʲôΪ±ҪطϾ㲻ɡ
ҳ΢΢һЦתͷų¹ү˿ʵλҲڵʱ䣬ȫΣ
үϽش˵ģΪһֱɢ˷ҪȫҲ׵飬Ȼܲرݻ٣ֻҪ׼˷ʱԷźţڰڽᵽһ𡭡
ܺá
ҵ˵ͷү˵ʱҲһ
ʵһս֮︮ȻѾʵˣʵϵʵ˵ȴ֮ǰٶ䶼Ҫǿࡣ
ԴӾ֮ۿʼǳָ͢ħ︮Ϊ˲ܼյħţһҪܹٸ׷ɱˣһ滹Ҫ˲⾪Űգ˳궼ԾΪ֪ĺڰ֮С
Ϊˣ︮ڳԱҪҲϸÿͼ︮ĳԱ뾫ϸѡϵߡ
һսȴ׸ıһУ︮׹ħ綼Ѿȫ¶˵ǰһƬĻ̻̣ȻҲûбҪءȥˡ
ס𼣡֮ǿʼбڰﾡܼħɸ֣Ὣǵһʱۼһ𣬸ԼΪ︮ǽ˰ֿ˷γһСж
Щɢ˷صġС塱ʵȴǴһƬƬҶһ϶Ƕĸ壬ʵڲԱϵ֮£ڡ¡γһ̸ݴ֮ϵϵ
ǡҶӡϵΪ֦ϵ־ϵˡɡ۵һ𣬶ǣĸ
֦ҶôïܣԶֻһãЩ뽫ǡ࿹СôСô飬︮Զֻһ
֮ǰҾȳޱͿմʦʱγɵǸ˵Сֿ壬ʵҶ֮еһǽ︮ϵһɣ֮£ʮ֦ʮƵС֯γһƽʱ޸ϵҪʱȴٶһ𣬷Ӽá
ʱү΢΢һЦ˵бҪĻھͿԷʩȫġҶӡ۹ڴγֿаħ
ү˵ҵ˵ͷٿڶĴҲ𾪵ضҿ
¹ҲһЦǺǿ˿ڣүһҵһˡ
˵¹תңֽ˵709ֺ507ȻѾٷȡޣǿȴûʱȥĹϵϲ£ҲѾٺϲ˻ǶԸͬ
749507飬һֱɳ¹渺ģϾֽȱ̫࣬˲ģ¹⻰ɸһľϲԭֻΪ鱨Ѱˡ͡Ůʬ塱䣬˭뵽ҲһֱΪб
Ȼ¹Ļû˵꣬Ƕһ¹΢΢һЦ˵ʲôһ£һЩ749507ĸֲ߲ɲ³ĳԱǵǲ֮⣬ʮٷܻأҲΪǵŵ㡭
𣿡
⻰үһ¹˵ͷ΢Ц˵ֻ︮ľܣ749507ϵ˿Ҳ٣ôľôɢأٷѾһЩܻػţֻܴǷأ
ã̫ˣǽõϢˣ
үһ˵һ߼ֱ֣˭֪ʱſȴһЦǻͷһ߽һļļֶү
ү
ۼֶүȻҼøϽӭȥ˭֪ЦǺǵļֶүȴһļҵĻ˵˾䡰ӭ֮⣬ų¹үЦЦ˵Ϣǲҵġ
ү˵ʱѾļ˿ȡһϷ˷ǸֵĲӷԼ轨ƺ嵥
ǡ
һʣүЦ˵ȻٷѾɥʧ˵ֿģԹɶǺ۸ģһֱͼͼƱȽƵľȡϵϣƹٷ;͸˽´һ£Ȼҳɹ˲١
ЩԸǵĲ嵥
һʣֶү̵˵ͷЦǺǵ˵һΣۿвӵˡ


1090 ڶ֮ս
ֶү⻰ڣǸĳ˭֪ʱֶүɫȴ
ĬƬ֮ͻȻ̾˿һЦ˵ʵͼϵվͬһߵļƻһͿʼʵˣǶƻҲİɡ
⻰ҶĬ˵ͷ
Ǵ֮սոܵʱɣ︮ħ磬ܵ˸һڻΪΣշӵĹٷԵĴ
ʱҰĽ׶Σڹȵʹ޿ȴҪҧȥҶﴫµĵʽ䡱ǶʱҼûлعأÿڻпǶᴫҵĶУϾ︮ϵġ
ҼǵϾһ᰸խZģ˵Ȼٷڸ֡ԭ򡱶޷ǣһսΧеľűɼĲ
ʲôǾˣѪжѪӵս޲ʤ־ôῴԼͬ鱻ɱأ
խZ᰸ͼ˽ȡϵȡ档
ȻʱխZǡߡĵӣΪ˵ɼȫ⵽˵ɺͷ񶨣һ᰸ûͨȴ˽µõүԼֶү˵ֺ֧Ϳ϶һֱڰܽš
ϧлᷴˣȴ
ֶүһ̾ޱѾʼ
խZҲǾ˳оֹ;˽Ӵⷽ棬û˱о飬ĲиŬҲܳɹġ
ἰխZۣ˵鶼
־ƣվǵ˸еʱҪǶ־Ǽ顣
ҸϽתƻ⣬˻еǵļֳڶĴЦЦ˵︮Աħϵ壬749507־Լڼ־ľˣмʮ˵Ķ飬ǺҪһϸ쵼ߡ
أ
ޱĨһᣬּᶨЦ˵ʦ˻֮ͨˣǵļ԰ħƻǵ˱ħɱҲԴеģȻСҲǳȥԼϡ
ûҲǳͨˣôأ
ЦЦֳŴᶨһЦ˵ǵĶֹǧǾֻһ쵼ǧĴˣ֧飬Ҳҽӣ
ҷʣľųһ˿ᶨЦݡ
ħŰγǻҼ԰ɱҰգʱʲôˡʲôսʿеֻһҪȥˣЩˣʯͷսɳԡѪսսħƷΪƬ˰֮Ϊ֮֮ΪãȻЩħӳҪһģҾһΣ
ãҪľ仰
еʯͷ˵أ˦еļһЦ˵һֱ½ֻ֮˵Ϲ䣬֮սɱħҪٶȴħսû뵽֮֮սսȼֻһθȴվһ꣬ȴҪΪսˡ
ֻҪԼԼǶԵģΪ˭սʲôأ
ү˵곯ɨһۣ˵ѶһֻŮʬ廹ûҵˡΪϹµ˼Ҫȣ·Ůɰ
˵ү̾˿¹ҲԱ̾Ϣ˵Ǿʬ̫ˣôãȻԼȥģҪҵʵЩѡǷģһ߾ܰҳ
Ҷ齹ǣҸϽο˵Ҳ̫żŮʬȷʵҾҵõģҵиܰҳǰǱСŮڵķΧٵ֪һ֮Уƻʵʩ
С˵ļƻʲô
үϽʣȴҡͷЦЦ˵үȱżʣҵŮλãʱȻˣһҪһ˲УҪá֮սսȼҲٲĲ롭

׼Ķ׼ˡ
ƻѶҶһƺԴһս֮ǵһֱһƬҰţܾöûôˡ
һû뿪ʵңҸϽȥ׼ֶͭ裬ǮлȵӦ֮
үǸˣһҪ׼Щ֪ҪʩչлϽ˵СӣҪ˭
һǾ֪ˡ
ҺٺһЦڸϽʩлֻ꣬һΣûҽгͻȻءһһŰըɢһӰѾڻ֮𽥸ֳ
СӣǿɵþˣΪأ
˳һĴӿ﷢մӻ̺ݺԴһ£ֺ㶼Ѿ׼׵𣿡
ӻģȻظˡ
һظӻŵ˸ϽֱȭΣϾ˼ҿܵظĸ߹١
ظִӻһһȻǴɸ硣
ûôҲȹЦ˵СӰͲµҪǵĻ϶лһֱע˼Ķ򣬾͵㷢ʩˡ
ǣֲûǾˣԭڵˡ
ЦЦ￴һۣ֮⾹Ȼûɵһ£ϽֳŶ˾˵ظˣɸ磬أҵĿ
㲻˵Ҳ֪ҪսɽȺħƾһȺǶ֣ȻҪ밢޵һħ֧Ԯǡ
˵һ룬ظ˵ɫͻȻѿûм˵ȥɸҲӹ˻
ֵܣ취¡вͨˡ


1091 һ
вͨ
ɸ绰һڣҵסһɲĸо˲ȻϽ˵ΪʲôвͨҼǵõʱһʱ仹ս֮Уѵ˵ѵ˵Ѿսɳ
һһڣΧ˶סظȴҡҡͷüͷش˵ǵûУ࿴ɵģȷʵǸɫ
ظһпʱǳ֮ս֮
ʱǾͷӤͷȥԱ׷żϾֻ־żлὫӤɱ˭֪Һµļҩˮȴʱʧȥã飬Ҿȫ֪ˡ
ظ˵ȻʱҵĻͻȻ໹ǳɹ˾ӤĲϣİ£ɹϺͷ
żֱָͷǾӤȻǵǰȻҪǺͬʱųżֱȡӤľſͷ­ȥ
ӤѾˣ
Ҽʣظȴҡҡͷ
ңϾڰǵ֮Ѿ̫ãټϡ顱޷ȶż֮оһƫһʱͼӤ˿ͷ­ͬʱը飬һȴӾӤͷԲ
ʱһƫֻоżѾȫʱйĶ˴أϾ޵ħڶ࣬Ӥּ޵У඼û취ܵظض֮֡
˭뵽಻һڲҲһͦװ
ļѾһûˣȴǼװͼĶӤһͨŻ
Ӥڰ޵ڳ˼ǧ֮ãͻȻһ˰˿ԴһαɱʱĿ־һϮΪǴαɱӰɣӤӹһ٣ȴŵûɪɪ
ҲŹһŻû뵽仰ȴͰѾӤŻסΧħһ֮һֱڵϡƨɺܰס˸׳ƳҲ˲˵ӣһʱʿһٽ˴Ӱ޵ӳħһսݡ
ظ˻ңʱħӰ޵вͣܳƾǻ岻סģȴһˣڵԿƣ˾Ӱ޵ɱɡ
ΪԹ飬û뵽˫Ҿ֮ͨǧһɱ޵̴Ӻס˰޵ȱڣǽЩѾӳħм䣬޵ĳҲ˳ƱסЭظƽϢһս
ظ˵Ҳɻ󣬼ȻսѾӮˣΪʲô໹ңѵ˵սҪӣ
ظ̾ϢŻش˵ʵģǺͺ඼ƽϢ˼սңϾ˼ٵĿ֮ѽûˣڤҲԱȫǡ˵˲㰡
˵˲㣿ظˣ⻰ʲô˼
С˼ڤб𰡣֮ǰ͸֪Ҫϸ涨ģһĹ׽öĹײģĲ뿪ŹأݣûҲ
ģʲôģ
Ȼʮ޵İ
ɸ籧Թ˵ʮ޹ִúܣȻ֪Ǳ١Ҳù˵ʲôܱ֮Ļֻ˵Լѣ䲻ò֡
Ҳ˵ʮ޲׼ǵæ

ͬһʱ̾ϢΡ
ֵܣ۸ϵɸҲ˵ġ
ɸһ§סҵļ̾˿˵ʶʱҲˣ˵ɶ¶û㣿һıʮ·ûطͰҺظйٶ˵˲ٺû˭֪ûãʮ˵ֱӲԣǲƻи⼸ǧĹϹذ
ɣҲʮޣҲΪ֮
ظƲֵ˵밡ܵظǧΪйأ´ˣСû¾ܣ㵽˼ץ˭ץ˭ôа˵ˣҪÿɾǧڰ޵ħˣϴ֮սʵ⣬˵ǴҴı࣬βͬض˥Ű»Ầ˥֮ˣοЩħȻʱкסɵ˼ӣǸܲʱ¶ֻϼҰ
ظˣ˼ҶףµľףҲûб·ߣֻԽԽˡ
ʮѾͳһ˼оԮ˵ʲô֮˾ֻñ־ˡңҿû취ˡ
ظ⻰˵꣬ҲѾй˵ʹɸ磬Ҳ˵ˡ
ԭΪεļƻʮþȣĶͷۡ
һĬ֮ﰵ¾ģֳظ˷˵ˣȻ˵û취ˣҲͲǿˡ
СʵǱǸңǰĪ
ظҡͷεҿһˣɸҲֻܱʾҪĻԸЩŹĶһ֮ڵľƾǧ˰ٺˣȻǰﲻʲôæˡ
һֻ֮ε뿪ʣڻǰû⡭
ƣҸϽο˵СûİǹƾҲܰⳡս죡
ȴҡҡͷ̾˵һξսҪһҪȡ
ʮѾҲ޼ƿʩѽүԹ˵
⻰ٶȳĬĬһ֮ȴֲЦ
һһΡ
㻹Ҫȥ䣿
ֻңģδһ


1092 ֹŹ
ŹǰǽƳ𣬵ڳϳرɭϡ
ƺΪ֮ǰŹزЩƵ飬ؿ֮ǰķǰҪɭˣֶǧ˵Ķǰ˼µ·ϹؿڹŹѲӵĹҲӵʮ֮ࡣ
ҵ󣬰ү¹ޱƵȶڣиһٶ˰ɡ
Źس¥ϣмĹڻȪ·ϼҲǵʱʮ˲֮иԮظ˵Ĺ֮һ
ֳ˫ο࣬ͷиߣͷһԼǣףһԴڳµǿЦء
СĵӿʮˣָҹŹأɵ𣿡
ѽ
ҺٺһЦܼᶨص˵ͷ
ʵ㲻ܷϣǹŽ⣬ϵɵԶȴ˶࣬ϵĶɵɵƾͱΡ
︮ܲһȶҩɱּƻƳ֮ûóˡ
һֱ豾Ǹɵơ
Цһָ̧ų¥ǹȻұǸɵƣȻҲҪɵƵ֪֮ҲװҾҪɵƵжʽ㣬ɵƶ硭
⻰˵꣬ǹؾ㵣Ȼ֪ôӦˣҲѾҪӦˣһֵܻңҲҪ׼һŹŹһŭ𡪡
ֵǣ׼øɵ𣿡
Һδ䣬һʱغɱӹŹضĺɫ֮д˳ֻһķ˷شǴɸѾ¼˵Ħг飬ŹŹɱ˹
һǹɵۣһá֮󣬳ŴͷڹĦгϵĴɸһŭ𣺡ɸ磬ʲô˼֮ǰźǽͬ˵ֿΪʲôڡ
үĽˣ۸ֵܣҵҲţֵǣɱѽ
ɸƢ֪ģһðȫɷ˵͵һžˡһµĹĦгһɳ̾ͳŹǰ۵糸ײ˹ȥĦǼǿĸһ󳤴мѳװ˶߾Źשһͨߺŭ𡭡
׼
ۿӱƽǹһ£ų׼ӭսʱԱһϽŻŵȰ˵𣡽嶯
ʲô˼
Сӵɹϵ˼İΣ۶ý
һֳ˫ĴȰ˵˵ɸѵñޱаҪ㹥ǣֻ¹Źɾ͡
鷳ȥظ˵ϼ
ǹȻҲû취ˣϽȥȱԼָӱӭսǲҷˣȻҲ˵˦ˣֻ±سڣسš
һʱءһײ촫ǴɸŹĦг۵糸ؾͳŹصĲƳײ˹ȥۿĦгҪײʱɸϽӳžͼĦԼӭͷײţءһ죬ײóֱ
ĦгŸײϣļĦкͼճѾʻĶѧŴɸӳճȫǰײ˹Źأžһը
ЩСͳĳײǻײƹŹأȻ漸ѳֶˣٿڳ¥ϵĹŰˣ뷴ֲңֻܶų¥ֺشɸ緢
ʱֻһٴһҲ֪ų϶ظѾˣء
ȻûõĹͼظ˼ҴҳϳͷûҴкָҾСʲôһֱǰûΪϵ˼ǾͲҶ㣡
ˣû˵ܶѽ㶯
ֻһ֣ѧŴɸģ˵ѽѽ費ңҾͶ㣡ӻˣ
㣡㣡ˣåǲǣ
ظڳ¥ϼ״ˣ׹һ԰οƽ飬˵СҸող˵ˣһİĪǹŹأòѽ
á
˵곯Ŵɸһ֣磬ײŴǽײ˵
˵ʱѴء죬ѳײȥŹصĴűײֱ
Сң㣬㣬㵽Ҫѽ㣿
ظˣҲѽ
ҺٺЦ˵ȨưҵӵɽִŽѣޱģһʲôˣҲֵˣ֮ǰٷһζѣûģ
˵ֳ̧¥һָЦ˵ظˣ˼ͷȴӲܣȻǰҵðҾͲù
˾ҲȥˣϽ˵Сֵ嶯Ҫʲôֱ˵۶ԼֵܣΪǰ
̣Ҫĺܼ򵥣Ҫʮޣ
ޣ
һ˵꣬ظһޡѾڣֵ˵ʮ˵ͼģѾ˵ˣ˼֮޹أʮǲܵģʲôܵظ̸Уȥǣ
ðֵǣ׼ӭս
һһڣһȺ˸ͳһ׼ӭսȻⳤʹġа֮⣬˶֮ͨʹһʮ㣬ҡ׼
һظȻҲƼˣৡһͰѱ˳
Ҫ˾ȥ


1093 ޿
ۿظѾŭЩ־壬˾͵Ǽڹϣҽ˵ɿɿ
һʱ˫ƽţ¥һȺҲѾ˶Ƿż׼ȻʱͻȻ֮ǹŹɿ⣬ѹѹƲѾѹһէ֣ͻȻһӿƮ
˼СӣָҹŹǰҰһΣĿ𣿡
һŹϰظԼ֮ڵȫסһʱݵڵأޱ¡ȻӦþʮеĳһλˡ
̶ϣ˲ǿһ˿Цݣָ̧ǺѹѹƲͺޱ£㲻ңҸ㣬үүˣһΣľ𣿡
⻰ŸһڣͻȻ֮ܲдһ̶ؿЦЦľսˡ
ЦҲЦϾϲ䣬ͽСϻ£
˭ʱٶȴ
ظȻЩ˼Сʶ̧٣ǾͲ飬ɱɾ
¡
⻰ϥݵڵصظ˶ʱһ̧ͷѹĺƣһʱ侹֪˵ʲôǺˡ
ʵҲףظ֮ԸԣҲعִйѣȷʵЩˣҲֻĶбİ취롭
һĬ֮󣬾ͼظͻȻᡱһվû˵еı˵ϣһٶ˲ŻΧеĹһظ˱˲䶼סһɫ԰ײ֪Ǻá
ظûͻȻһָ̧ۣѹĺƾͺ޵£ʵҲˣأأֻ֪أѾϮ˼ǧĹأĶã
ˡ
ظ˾ȻϹ٣һ׹̸ŵɫңֲȰظⷬҲǶסû뵽ֽŵͷѡվһ
ظ˻⣿
ûʲô˼£ֻ㡭Ӳˡ
ֵظȻˣ˺һߺһ߰ϵĴͷϵñժŹӣһȺϽǺΧȥǺȰġ
ɾʱӹȺ֮ȴͻȻһЦ
ˣСԸ׷ȥշӡΪظ¡
ſЦӹȺ֮վẠ̊́һҲʼϵս
ͼݱݡϲ븻ҲȺһӣʼڹŹصĳ¥ϡ½
Źصĳ¥ϱˡ衱ֻǧѼˣһʱ˹˲ңǺѹѹƲУҲʼһҵصķŭѾŭһ㡭
ظ㶼ҷңд
һŭͻȻͼѹĺ𽥱ΣȻƲ֮𽥵۳һźں¶һ˫ԲŭĿֱµĹŹأŵùŹһǺڶˡ

Ҳеˣɵ˿ĭٿڹŹس¥ϵظԼҲû˸ոǷݰ࡭
Ĭһ֮ظͻȻһ̧̾ͷǺγɵľ޴һȭ
Ȼ˵ǡ𡱣ظ˵ҲѾ˲١
޵£֪¹Ҳǲ֮ˣԴڤظ֮ҵҵְأȷʵǵ̫ظ¹Ҳ֪ǵһʱͿ֮٣Ҳʵѵ
ظ˵Ϳ
һִӺд˾̸Ͻ͵͵קظһѣǺЦ˵£ظ˲Ǵ⣬˼ǣֻһֱ˼̫ˡСҲָ֪׼˼֮йҲһĺ£չҪʱɣ£˼ٵǰҲֱӹϵĲԹ۰˼
˵˾ͻȻְݵڵأֱȭ͸εƹһֱ͵͵ߵĹʹɫϧߵĹͶǴˣһ۵С۵ض˾̣Ȼ֪ʲô˼
Һظ붮һĹɵ㶵ԭزʱʹӺݺݸֺϲһţϲߵùڵصͬʱȻҲϽڵأſеֱȭһ顭
͵͵ֱĴ磬˵˾̿治򵥣һоͽСһƸһ桱Ȱѣģ̨ס
Ȼһ飬ƺҲ̾˿˵Ҳ֪˼ͷǹƾԼӦԵ˵ģǧһֱرƻֻȻңһƬҰ
ޱ£˵綼ˣҲʲôֱأЩ²ԸԸ⣬ڷֻܽܣЩ㲻ܣҪ٣Ҳֻԣޱ¿׼˴Ϊ̫ƽͬƵС
˵ŻҲϽݵڵأϾ˾Ѿ̨̺ˣҲý¿
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СӵȺ򡭡
л£
һ⻰ظ˴ϲл֮Ͻ´򿪹ŹشţɸҲٹˣһȺĿ޷͵Ķ͸Ͻ֮ززˣϾŹؿɲС֮ǰЭػŹصĹͣǹˡ


1094 
һʮơʮޡҲһʮλӵְڡ
һعεĵߵ̩ɽ˵ŵƽʮת
˵ʮ޵Ĺӵְڣʵ¶棬ǰҾһ㶼ĴйеĴй١ࡱ
˵йٿʮ޵ĸ֮ˣܵظظ⡢йڣʮ޲̫ҲȻ
ظ˴򿪹Źغұ˽үȴɱ档
˹ŹؾһͱϵĻȪ·;ĴǮׯ־һ·Ϲؿ֮󣬻ֺΰӵѽǰ
ҹһˣظԴ֮⣬ݱҲ࣬ûǵӵſڣĴйپȼҴҵӭ˳
ظ
һߺ֮󣬴йͣǰסǵȥ·ظ˸Ͻʣϴޣôˣ
ֻ׼ҴСӵڣһ˵Ȳý롭
й⻰˵꣬ظһ£üͷ˵ΪΣѵ޵»ҪСļҳҿɲģһһ˹˲һڰСզ죿
һ·ϣһĥҪʱһظôһ˵ŵõһѽȻˣеģӦ޼ˡ
˭֪ʱͼйһֱظʹɫظ˲ףйټֱţ˵ѽëַˡ
Ѳֿˣ
ꡭ
ظ˻ճڣйٸϽס죬ҡͷ˵˵ã֮׾ˣϽҽɡ
ظ˸Ͻ˵ͷݱݵ棬ֻңйٽӵ
ӵ֮ǰֹһˣһǳ˰죬ڶǸѴйٸˣҲΪǰ˶Ĺϵ˵Ӵ󣬶һ̤ӵڣֻо绢ӭŵֲһ£ĹطƺǰҪˣҲ֪ǲΪٵĹϵ
ŴйٽӵСĽػܣ֮ǰνʱӵڶйһȴһӰӶǰĴйһһ˵Сҿɾ㣬޵ƽʱɲټˣǶܼһ˵֮ɲ˵С
˵С֣й͵ػعͷסңҸһ
Уһ㿴ʲôӵܸκἰף
й⻰ڣظҲԱ߸ʹ˸ɫ˵ǰСޱټ㣬ʵǷ⿪ˣϴ⻰ǧй¶ɱ֮ѽ
ˡ
һŻҸϽͷйַĵشҼǰߡ
ƹǰִһ֮󣬴йٴҺظ˽˺һ˴ȻӴ̹ˣʹҽסҵز
ʱ̧ͷһǰǾ˲ŵҵһ
Ȼװ޵øûʣȴڶģֻܽϵļյ⿴ȴɺںġ
ټϵ֮һŻɵǰʵؿˡ
һǿԿ壬ͼмǰһ˶鰸鰸ĺһοˣǿһ۶ŵ˵ˣģ͸Ź۵šһޣӦþ޵ˡ
ϴ˫ְ鰸һȻһŭټɫۡͷƽڣһʱ侹˹ǸбʵʼǰġӡɱʼʿҪµöˡ
йٺظ˰Ҵǰ֮˫˫ݵڵؿڳơ޵¡ҲϽװģعڵϲΰŲΰݵĹظ˳ʹ˸ɫ˵СһŻǰλһޡع£ʮ֣֮ҪǸַӾµˡ
ףסҵͷ֮Ķ˵
عٳûнһֱҲ˵Ҿ͹ͷҲҿһۡ
˼ʱ㣬Ź˵иʮӰɣղڱƣعһڣ﷢̶
СӣǸӣڱ㣬ʲôȨҸ̸˵Ե㡭ɡ
˵عһӳ䣬Ÿվظ˺ʹйٸعĹǰΨսսԭأһʱ֮侹ȻЩ֪롭
ֳĬһ֮ǿѹסĿ־壬̧ͷعٺһЦ˵޵£Ϊ߸ϵӣĶҸ̸βæĻ˼ˡ
ǣΣһ춨˼⣬ȻҲǰĪ
ҪæҲû취òæĻǸҪȵǺ͸أ
΢΢һЦعʱסʣ˻⣿
ҵ˼ܼ򵥡
˵ŻҴӿͳһعǹһ˦ЦǺ˵ҪǲԸæǱذɣֺαذ׷ȥħأʱ︮бֵ¾иʮˣҲĩյǰ֮ǰѾˣͬæǼʮһɱ£ĩ֮ǰһ˵ܰܵظֱӹݣʱҿ
˵ʲô
һһڣعֱӣЦǺ˵ôˣԸæģҲֻԼȡ˲ǣҲǸովսԪˣһǳɹλأ˵ˣûɹһҩȻǴûɢҲܱ汻Щħɱɣ綼Ҫˣӹô࣡


1095 Ů
һˣҵ鵹Ƿ˲٣ҲôˣǸӵεĳعһۣڳһ뷴Ҳˣô
ٿعƺǱãҧػ£ֿʼ˵ˡ
عıԽԽ࣬Աߵظ˺ʹйٶŵ亹ʹɫҿɲô࣬˭عβأ
ȻᣬﲻҲ˵ع׻ôأ
ʱͻȻžһعͻȻ͵һٶȡᡱһŵһ¡
ͬһʱ䣬ͼʼҲعһͷꡱһ
֣ҵ桭ˡһǸһޡ
֮ǰһûŵһΣʵǰҸһ˲䲻֪룬ֻظˡ
ͼظɫΪѵض޵عһ֮ջҡҡͷ˵ѽѽôֿˣ
ظ˻һڣйҲԱ̾Ϣ˵С㲻ڿعƤܵظ桭
һһ͵ģعһһѱĺޣҸ±ˣ˵⵽ô°عôտʼܸ㾪㤣ϸһԽԽǸŮô£
ѵ˼ðع
⡱һһӾüĿŭظʵظˣѵ֮ǰ޵ʱʮѾˣֻŪЩٻĳôƭң
Сӣûƭ㣬ع
ظ˼ֱţһʱ侹ȻеΪѣ˰ǲ֪ôˣ԰˰˵ˣȻѾݶˣϴޣʵʵ˵ɡ
Ҳֻˡ
йҡͷ˵֮ǰһ˵С쵰ŹأͰСһˣҿȶȰȱӼСضСӾǸͷӣѾͷͲҵĻ
йһ˵һƵعĺľ̫ʦκ棬ظҲ̾˹ȥ
ͼߵعܵıߣ첲ӾͿʼعĺһ͡
Ȼ֪ڸʲôȴԿعĺʱعȻһؼüŪۣϵı仯üֱԱḻ
ֵųһӰɣͻȻءһһŰ̴عıըֻعһһţһˡͨһϣʱһֱع֪ʲôظʹйҲȫ¶ҵǰֱקһСŮĸ첲ǸСŮʮ˾ģ캿ޣͷǺ飬͸ձޱƵġ
ҸȦˣ˵λú;ٶƺСŮǱظʹйٴعĺקƵģһſڹϵعȻ͸ոƤĲʣµǸտƵģ˺һķ϶ȴûѪ
㡭ǡǡ
Сţǽ͡
ظ˵ʱԺһƬհףֻо¶ԣ˲һսŵתȾܡ
ѽɱɱˣ
СУһ
ŵҪܣظ˸Ͻ׷˹һ׷һߺңĶ˵ѽ
ۿžҪʱҵĴԻѣϾǰոտ棬ʵ̫˼ˡ
ɾʱͻȻһұһ͵һ𣬽ŲȻֹҲܲˡ
С
һŮ˵˺֮⣬û˵ģֻֽгڣѾһ֪ôˡ
ᣬظ˳һѾ߬סңֻŵؽ˵ܣ鲻е鴫ȥɾˣ㵹ǽѽ
ظͣҸȥΡΡתѭŸոŮ˵˹ȥͼԵһѾ߳һ΢΢ЦϸӰ
˵һ˲䣬ٴȷ룬һ˲
ϰֵ㶼Ҳԭԭѽ
ҲԾȴֻǳҹ˹ָ˵Сҽˡ
ͷϽ˹ȥʱҲѾǸں޵СŮק˹§ڻﰲһ֮§ȥ
ظˣй٣Ҳһɡ
ǣ޵¡
ظ˺ʹйٵϹϾģ˽̯ϵعġƤʰ֮󣬾Ҳҵĺһ߽ǰ֮Уŵĺ棬һƳ
§СŮǰߣһһ߰ԷСŮ𽥵ػסȴңֻǸǸСŮţҽҲػ
ʧȥԣ׷ȥô£˭֪ûקסأظԱקסңҡҡͷ˵Сӣɶ޵²Σ
֣޵£ǲǸˣʲô޵£ʶˣǡ
ǰ˭Ҫ
ظҡҡͷֽ˵ҪڵѾȣȷʵЩɸ˵Եʣõġ
⣬⵽ô£ظˣЩҡ
ȱңⲻء
ظҵļһǰߣһֽ˵ʵܵظǧǶ⣬һֱһ
˼ǣ
һ꣬ŮѾߵȵľͷĨСŮһƿǰĴľţ֨һһ̴ķ䴫˳ҳһ˲ɵۡ


1096 
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㣬Ǽ·ĺúÿʱȥҿһɡ
ߣ֮ҾͲ
̧һ˲ɵۡ
졭
š
˭뵽ӵһع֮УǹξȻͬ︮һȺԱƵģһɫҴҵصæµţֻ︮ܲеԱ󲿷ֶˣǰⷿ䣬ȴȫȫŮˡ
⣬ǡ
ڷſڣǳɵۣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôǺˡ
ʱظ˴ԱҼһ£̾˿˵Сſǧй¶ȥϾԴܵظǧ֪һ˲࣬´ȥֻֻ𲻱ҪĶҡ
ظˡ
ҽסٶȷʣ⣬⵽ô°
С˵һûУ
йٵһ࿪ڣ˵˼һĹ˵ȫΪĦΪܵظ֮еͳߡ
ҵȻ֪
ҵ˵ͷйּ˵Ҽ˵ȥ˵ȫΪĦΪܵظ֮еͳߣΪ֮еġ֮УĦ޵һΪ˫Ҳ˵ĦΪ˫
й˵ҵ˵ͷЩԣ˵˵ЩΪΣ
йֽ˵ĦΪ˫ڹʱĴ˵֮УΪֵܶˣһһŮΪ˫ͬͳĶһ˵ָйøŮ
⴫˵ȷʵ˵
й˵̲ס˾仰˵ǽ֮󣬴һЩŵĵ伮֮ϿĹ£֮ǰǲδ˵֮ǰֻʲô졯׼Ʒɻ֮˼ΪµԵʳΪܵظ֮е
˵ˡ
йƲ죬ֽ˵Ĺ´˵֮УνĦȷʵΪһãħֱԷ֮УյʱĹԼۣǱŮģڵ֮УŮ˸ǵλ΢ˣ˾ܵظͷĿ֮аһλŮͷĿ֮ŷܵظ֮˵ˣڲλŮݣֻἰһҲΪˣģ֮ŷߣȴŮĴڡ
˵ǰǿЩŮͣŮ
ҲһֻΪǰ֮ææµµػصĶСŮȫûһˣѵ˵ЩãλŮԵ
һ˵ظȴһ߳ҡҡͷ˵ҲҲСӣʵǴűǼٵģûһһŮ֮˵

ظͻȻ˵仰Ҹһ£˵ȻǼٵģΪʲôйٻҪأ
ʱйѾֲ廰˵СʵģĦΪŮ˫֮˵ȷǼٵģŮȴȷǴڵġʮܸ˵ɣ
йٻ˵ˣҸϽֵ˵ͷҵȻİ
νʮޣָȻܵظ֮еʮλȨʮޣʵ˼Ŵ˵еġ˽ܡ
عǶģǱΰʮ޽Ϊӹĵת
Ҽ򵥰Щһ˵йȴҡҡͷش˵ҲҲСҸ㣬˵ЩͶ鹹ģ಻ţ

ûشҲûϣйֽ˵ʵɣǧ˵ʮޣǲڵġ
ڣôأ
д󾪣ϽʣڣΪʲôܵظ֮еĹҲΪʮޡ˵Ҳ֪ǵĴڣ޼ѭ
һճڣظȴҡҡͷ˵ˣȷʵƺʮޡֻΪҲһֱڹﰡ
⵽ô£Ҳʡ
йֽӹ˵ʵģС֮˵Ӧ˵ɣ˵ϣû񣿡
ûС
йʵնػشֻΪ֮ǰѾȷˣϸûСɡһ˵
νʵԷ֮սǱĶν磬ΪħһнΪаΪħԹЩ˵֮и߸ϵԴһս֮Ѿȫˣν콫νʵġѡ
һشôϣйٵ˵ͷֽ˵ͬɡһ˵һʵνܵظʮޡҲǲڵĶ
ȻڣΪʲô⴫˵ܴǧꣿ
Ǻǣ˵Ǵ˵ѣֻ˵֪ġ࡯ȴడ
ظ˴Ա΢΢һЦ˵ʵм֪Ϲ䣬౾ٵʱΪŮϵᣬʲôŮϵᣬŮΪϳѨ֮еһһŮеȫΪϣŮİţСûΪʲôŮϵķٻᳬϹϵ֮ɰǧϵ֮У޷⣿ʵܼ򵥣ԹŮ˶ӵб˸ĸ֪жʱ˸ӵ侲ҲΪεݻսܱɱ۷˻ָΪŮԵŮػʬԭ򡭡
󣬴ˣңЩĻ
ҡҡͷظֽ˵ʵ˵νġʮޡһӡ
ӣ
һʣٿظˣس˵ͷ
ûһжֻǻӶѣֻΪƭˡ


1097 ħ
⣬ôأ
Сӣ֪ô˵ЩԽܣʵ
ظҵļ򣬼Ŀ࣬ĳ˵㿴Ůϵݲݽ֮һֱԵȨӹˣ˶ԵĳݣŮԣҲΪӭ˰ɣ˲νĦΪ֮˵𣿡
ƣƺЩˡ
ټ򵥵˵Ӧþˡʵܼ򵥣ԹƹܵظĲʲôʮޣνʮɱ˵ĻԣֻΪ˳̡졯ġ˳̵ĺʿܵظȴٽЩ˼Ӣ󱻷Ϊһ˵ɱˣֻΪ˸׿֮еķ˶ѡ
룬ˡ
ҵ˵ͷȻе𾪻ûüƽƺҲѾظй˻еԵɡ
񲻾ͺνġ֮սͬС죿
񣬵ʱ֮У󲿷ʵѾϰ˶ħ׳ƳνġūԡҲǴʱѾ˵ġ
δ֮սͻȻ֮ɥʧıӻ֮˼żٽ֮սٶȷµһ˵Ӷȶסˡ
ʵӹܵظȨ߽ΪŮԣûһԡ
ظԱ߲廰˵ô˵˰ɣνʮޣͶǻӣֻΪһȺСŮͷ¶ĻضЩĹŷԹЩŶɷĿͷ¶棬һΪڣΪۣ֮һиͶġ
ԣܵظνʮޣʵʵЩŮ
ǵġ
Ҿһʣظ˳ףȷҵ˵
ͷ⡱һȫ޷ŵһУظԱȰ˵ʵֻ㣬ܵظ֮ʱҲ޷һʵʵʵ˭ı䲻ˡΪأ˵ŮΪ壬ΪŮͱ侲ˣŮ˸ʺܵظ֮еĻӵӦ֣֮ս֣֮ܵظҲΪʱһȺŮԵ˼ܵظ֮ÿһҪľΪЩŮЭ֮óǲܵظ塭
ظ˵ĻǰһȺæ̵ŮȫѾ˵ˡ
ԭһֱڱĬĬ֧ܵظжģȻһȺŮ
ϸһЩŮ֮У˵Ҳи߰ʮģˣƣͷ׷ͦˣСģҲʮģɡ
֮УЩר־سŹϣЩ첽æµЩΪܵظĳЩ᰸࣬Щò˵ŮȻ
ûҷӦظһԿ˵ڷ̴ĦΪ˫ϱܶΪһһŮãΪһһŮõĸִ˵ʵҲһȺŮִĴŴ򣬲ŽˡħޡĴ˵ȻҲ͸ûʲô֮˵ΪȫŮԣݱΪһ˵ֻˡŮıѣԼãִ߱ԲУҲһԣҵλŮ֮ϡʵħǡ˫֮⣬Ŷӣ
ţŶӡ
ǵģνġħޡһֻŮɵŶӡ
ظ̧ͷָǰֽ˵ܵظŸո齨ʱΪһȺŮԺΪ֮ҲȻܵظ棬һأÿһ꣬ͻλħޡŶ֮еĳԱתֻأӴ˷ְΪܵظۡͬʱĳԱÿһҲ˼ѡոȥĺϸŮΪһŶ֮е油ӶϵĳԱתͶ̥֮󣬳ΪµġħޡԱԱ㱣ŶܹԶԶȥ
ԣҲΪˡħޡŶеһԱ
һظȴᶨص˵ͷкҼǰߣһһ߼˵ЩŮ˼֮ˣȻͺСһе˽ܡ
ǰԴܵظΪЩŮĻĬĬԡʮޡ֧ŵظתõظ񡭡
йҲһԿ˵ΪػסܵظеһܣҲԱġ˵ܵظиţ˵ʮ޶ϲɫ˳˼ȥ˵ĻǱ˽УΪС檡ʵʵԭǣѡ֮ˣϾ˼ϵӴ˲ӵڲͷ¶棬ǰ߱ݣҲȫҪˣǵݾֻһħޡŶ֮еһԱ
йôһ˵̲סĬ
ϸһ룬ֲĸһֱҲԭΪ
ᱻѡгΪһλħޡ֮һʵϸһҲףϾʦֱϵ
ظʹйһ߽ͣһߴߵǷľͷǽϹһظ˽ǻӺ¶һȰ
˴ҽȥһͼⷿĹʮŹоŹĺ棬һ˸˻ˣӦþǴ˵УʮŸ˰ɡ
ʱΨһһûĹž˿߽һˣһȻ֮ǰع
عڹǰ֮ȿ˿ڡ
ȻѾ֪ˣҲؼȥˣǣǻǴ촰˵ɡ
һ䣬ͼع̧˫ֽץס磬͸·ƵĴӼһקƤѾӺֳһʮ˾ģСŮ


1098 ܷ
ŮհعƤҰŸ棬ŵҲ編ƣʮƤһӣڹǰģȻǾŸࡢ͡ŶͬСŮ
Ұɨ˼ۣʮŮ֮УĹƵиʮģСδѣʱ򶥶Ҳʮɡ
ЩÿһŻᱻѡġкܡʱ˿ɫضҿ
ظйٸϽϥ񣬡ݡعŮ˵ͷ˵Ȼһ֧ӴŶӣÿһζвͬĽȥʮ޵ĲͬݣǴС飬óжɶ׼ȷģΪܵظ֮гʲô£ǶͨרŵĻŻóյĽˣǧܵظŴδֹ©Ͳ
˵΢΢һЦʵɼܹȷԼΪĴ·һǾԵȷ𣿡
Ȼ
Ůشնӹץһļǰ˻Σֽ˵ҪܵظЭ˼ȴ˽һ£ǿ˲ֹһλ飬ҽαյóĽȴһֱֻһǲܰ㡭
Ϊʲôܰʡ
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ǵڶأ
ڶǹء
Ů΢΢һЦЦ֮ȴκεֽ˵λ֣ǵóۣǵ£ܲﲻǣᵼ°޵ڵħԼܵظĶʧأӶݱ޷Ƶľ棻ǲ֣ܹԭе˼ֻǹ¾սļȴǲʱҪߣף
ǣǴʲôطóЩۣ
ݡ
ͻȻһŮڣ˵һֱħޡŶÿϸݵǵŶѾǧ֮ãӴݿͺķۣԶȷĽۣӲðȥԽ׳һ
ŮĻЩԶԣʵϸ룬˵ҲûȺɫ˵ʱ˱ɫʵŮȻκĵһ㣬ܵظİȫ
ѵԶñͨ𣿡
ҲٶȷʣͼʮޱͬһŮͬһʱҡҡͷĮı顢ֹȫһ
СҲ﷦ζĹĥǵԣϾȷʵѾˣܵظĺġ
عŮһϵļһֽ˵֮İɣʲô֪ܵظȥǣĿǰȫķȻǵŶУҲһС˴֧ǵðշչֻСֶѣŶԶֻӶ
㣬Ǽֱǻˡ
ԶǵĻ˵Ҳ
ŮһЦֳһ˵ˣظй٣ǿԴ뿪ˣǷҪǵĻôǡ
⡭
⻰ظ˺ʹйٶĬ
ʱͼŮĮɨһ£üͷ˵ôѵбҪûеĻҽ뿪ϾǻкܶҪ
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һĬ֮ظͻȻŷŮһȭֽ˵ʵҲףΪǵŶڣ˲Ȼܵظ˵ʵվСһҾǹˡ
ҷǣ
ظ˵ĻüŮšüë
ظҲûǣֽ˵λޣʱʵҪ嶯һ£пȥ漣ɺԮȾ¹ԭ˶ΪԹѵȡȻȴͻȻȫƸۣջٷݣֻտǰսû뵽ʤӮþ¹ݣӴسʵ
㲻Ҫ˵Щеûģ
ûظ˰ѻ˵꣬һŮѾİŭظ˵漣Թ̫˶ȥ֣漣мأܵظɲҪʲô漣ЩĵĹǡ
ãôǾͲ˵Щĵˣֻ˵ڣ
ܸоظǻŭͻȻһŭ˵䡰ৡһͽԼ彣˳һ˲䣬ʮŮȫס
ظ㣬Ҫʲô
˵Ҫ췴Ųţ
ظһЦһٶҺʹйٶһ
ʱͼǰһŮҡ˼ͷֽ˵ܵģظ֮ԵǻѡְΪǿԵҳϣǷΪ̬˼룬óݱԲᱳܵظ
ݣνݶĶܵظ֮ĶѾˣʱҪЩ漣ˣ
˵ظͻȻһּһնǱϣһʱꡱһһΪڵأһ̴ӱ˽
Ҿŵػͷһ˲ʧɫͼһȺ֮ǰǼץЩææµµŮҽǽӽ˴
һʱ䣬Ůǵľ֮ǰﱧŵһѶļҲҷ
⣬ⲻܡܡ
棬ʮŮŵŵɨظɫɷȻ֪˵ʲôǺˡ


1099 
޵£˵һظһ壬ܵظǣΪұҪȵظ˼䣬ŲòΪС
ظ˵ʱҲѾҵĴ֮УŹǲ׽ŮĴͷˣȻظµݱݵ
ʲôʱģ
ϸһֻǣҲڡ
ظ㣬ﲻˡ
ۿѾȫʧأŵʮŮһ¶ɫֻܷ׷ָŻظˡ
ʱһŮͻȻҲվָŴйپ˵ԣʾظıǲƹǵķ͵͵Ǳģڹй٣һֱӵڵΰݺƲ⣬Ǹڹ
㲻Ʋ⣬Ҳǡ
йҡҡͷһЦ˵λޣǧҪѽ
й٣㣬ôô
һŮǵĹ۲ͷظһֱַͣǣ⣬߼
ȷʵ߼˵ҲûдȷʵһֱظͣҸʰʰǡ
йһ̾˵˼ѣҴӲλ޵£֪˴ﲻˡ˼֮ղܲܣȵ³֮󣬴ڶͷл
ҵӡйϵıƺûôֱϹҿʼݣʷ˵еλ䴫˵С£ҹԩժ˹ʤġºݳ
˵϶˰һУץ̫ڵĻ꣬κҲڴڣдµ䣬̫ĻƽģΪ˽˶ʮ١
˵̫ڻ·ϣ̫ɨʮĴ̳ʮҲݿвĳǧԩǰҲǴڶӲʩܻ̫뿪
˵ҳʿȴ˸Сˣôأ
ȻйȷʵǵǸ緢µĴڣм١
ûһĹһȺŮͱץ˸⣬ݡʮޡʮŮҲץؽ
Ȼظ˺ʹйٶ˺ǣȺŮؽ֮˶Ǹ˰죬ظ˽ֳ˵СӣҪʲôֻܷȥһϢϢأʱտʼܵظԸͳһ︮ǲ뽫Ǿһ
ظˣй٣лˣ
ҸϽ˵лйٵݸһŷ⣬ҸϽ˷ٿ
ҵ˵ͷ׼뿪
뿪ʱظ˹ݱֵȥŹأң˻Щ˵
ʵ˵ʲôҶܹµһЩһ·û˿ڣҾ΢΢һЦ˵λΪƭҵǸ𣿡
һһڣֵܶס࿴һۣն˵ͷ
ݱ̾˿΢΢һЦ˵Сǵ飬ú˽˰ɣ
Ҳ˵Ǻ˽⣬ȷʵļ֮еõһЩ鱨
һǰߣһ߻ش˵֮ǰ˵Ǵ͸ʱΧ˷ɽźǲʵʱҾ֪ǴĲ£ҲǴȥڤģ𣿡
Ȼ֪ƭ㣬Ϊʲôȴǣһʵ
Դ̤ħ֮ƭΡ
΢΢һЦֽ˵ƭңСƭңүƭңҲƭң֮һ·ҾǸɵһһ·ƭƭȥģǺǣ˵ǿЦ
˵Ҳҡͷһ̾ĿĶųȥ
ȻǲŶԣΪλǸһ밢޵Ͳ⣬º֣
ѽһֱľȴһ
ʲôͬʡ
Ϊһ·⵽εıѣҸҪԼֵܣ˵ԼǱɱʱȷʵйЩɣΪظ߹δܵظҪңеǶֵʱֺαصȵأҸԸţ֮ԶҪңԼ˽µԭҲʡ
⻰Ÿո˵̼꣬سݱʵ磬ͨû
Ȼͨˡ
ݱһЦǰҸЦˣ˵Ǹ˵ʲôأʲôͨû
СллֵܵΡ
ݱ΢΢һЦֽ˵ֵǣ֮ǰȷʵǹһЩϢ뿴ı֡
ұ֣ʲô˼Щ
кɰٴ֮أʵֵ밢޵ʼһֱϸ۲㡭
ΪʲôҪ۲ң
ΪҪһݺȻѾϸͨ飬ݴҲøϿȥԤˡ
˵ݱһЦ̧һǰѾǹŹء
Сֵȷʵ֮սʱΪ£֮ǰ˵ĻҲƭġ
ʱݱֽ˵Χ˷ɽҺֵܵȷȺɱ˷ɽϵԻ֮飬ñˮɱֵܵ꣬ӶǻɢȴʴȣΪԼݴȵ飬ŷһΪ¡
˵ݱͻȻɨһۣ󻰷һתһ˵ʵⲻǱϵԭѣ֮ԲɱֵܶˣֻΪһܣܣҲǴ͵͵еһݣԤʱ֮衭


1100 㶹ɱ
ݱݶͳŹʱһڹŹȺҰһ˵޲ĵĻϲŸϽһص˼硣
˵Ҳ֪һƱظظ˺ʹйٴ˼鷳ˣѾǲ֮еˡ
ص˼ŰӵʱйٵķԸŷ˿ֽһֽдŵһڷĶһͼ
ʱһŵʲô˼ϸо˼֮һҵеͷӡڻȻ򡭡
ҿߡ
ϸ˵컹ûϽкŴҾͳ壬үȻЩ֪룬ǸϽ˳ȥ
һ߳Ŷܣһߺ׼Ӧ֮ڴ山ɽͷϸߴ̨Ҵ
һȺ߸Ͻհ죬ҲظϽŴҳ˶첽ͳ˴山İɽ
ɽ̫Ļ䣬ΪСʱ򾭳ˣǱɴߵʬҲɽİɽϷֵġ
ɽʬȻҶ۵ģǶûͣҾһֱ嵽ɽϣϢĹҲѾΪصĶȡҪĸַƷɽƽ̨ϸߴ̨Ϊ׼
Сӣ㵽Ҫ
үͻȻʡ
ɽһȺУ۵ɾˣ˫ѷϣϲߣĥ¶Ƥˡ
ҹǶɽʲôôߣɽħֵĻǿɾ·һˡ
ȱ

˵˶סĶйǣһȺ۷׷׵ĹѾõ۷ڣڴõķ̨ǰһץϵľ
飬ָڤֽǮҪ
һ֮ǰڴйǷѧģһץһֽǮУľһлұ̨ȼϲ趯
ɣӡɣֳֽ裬ڿԻдģת֮˳ץһɰһա
ѵɰΪѪɫڿһƮ֮ǰ⻮ĵطɰƾγһһߵķġ
ǿɰ۳͵ĻδɢҸϽץֱ߻Ʋһ˳ýһ뼦Ѫ죬һѪɽڴϵͬʱɰڿšɵҲѾӡϡ
һֳֽһֳ죬̤߶ٶдʡ
һ¶塢Ӧ飻ʦ붯񡢵ɷܣιҼɷҵ췽Բ£±ʣءĿ𣬾׵磬ҫ˼ʦٹҵ
꣬Ǹ˴Ҳٻ裬˦һףһɹ̳ûӭչĴӷ£ŻɽдĽλãһʱǡһ죬ѪȾȼһһ𡭡
֮ͻȻ䴫һըƬ֮ðһͨΧΧ۵һȫɵۣ㵽ʱүûпҪʲô
ǰ۹ⶾͻȻһ˵Ӧ󷨣
ҲûۿſеĻſʼըҳû̳ϵһ뼦ѪɰһͬмĴͭװŵģһƶ
ǧڣ
һŭҶͭǰ壬嵽ǰɽ±ƴǰһãͮͮĻƶһͳɽҰ֮˳ȥ
ûȻƶȫֲһŽͭ衰žһϸ߿գͭڿһȥĻƶҲʼ˷ȥ
ۿŻƶ˷֮У趯Ŀ紵ɢܣɽɽɽŸһʱءһ죬һǰԶݴĻƶѾڲݴ֮ըһŰ
Űذ̣ͼǰ֮𽥻ûһΣֵΣбһƤҼбһַճθһӰ֮¶һŭ𣬳ҵϥݵ
ӵǲ
⡭ǡ
һʱ䣬˶סǰ֮лûģȻǴ
ʱɽ¾ͼһըɢɽҰ֮ͻȻһһءžըһſŻƶأһԴ԰ըһԴ԰ըһȺȺİ޵ħѶӰֳ֮
㣬㶹ɱ
ۿŻƶһȺȺԱ߹ۿ˴ϲ֮ɫԱüѾ˵ˡ
ʱءһӾ಻ԶĵطըһŰһΣ֮лûӰ
ǰͬĿɴۣһֳйٱʡһһֳֺıĿԲɣ¶Ǵйظˡ
˱ϲ⣬ף˿׹â˸ףϿһͷεĺɫݻ磻мһǰʤѩʱ˾̣ĺҲѾȥһһɫ֮⣬ϸһǹͬӢˡ
һžһȺȺɽҰذ֮лûûõĹ򣬾ͼɽɽ¼Ѿվħޣһ֧ǿ׳ʹ˳͡
лλ
ǰϽظ˺ʹйٵϥл
˸æҲظˬʵЦ˵СӹǸɶԼٻѽ


1101 ſ
ǴйٴٻķӡĶǧѽ
ҺٺһЦֳŴйٵ˵ͷ˵οҪƾһı£Ҳûа취ٳô
˵Ǹ˵Ǹ
ظ˰˰֣˵ѴӦЭ뽫һսⰢ޵ӳһȺħɡԳ˵ԼţҲӦòµġ
ܹסЩħͺãΨһµľǻص˼֮󣬻Ϊǹܶܲס
СֵܣͽҾˡ
ͻȻһЦЦûȴ´ءһһŰ漴ըɢ
û̳ɢȥͼһСɽӰѾӺ𽥳ߣҡžſԴɷʮľӤ
һӤˣת֮ȻŵǾӤʱһ
΢΢һЦսսؾӤ˵㺦ɽϼᱻǺ͸ǲǣһûΪΡ
ס
ӤͷһΣ㻯˾ŸСӵģмƫССһ̱źĴȡۡؿ޺
ͲܱüŻǶ˵һģ۸ˣ۸ˣ
ѽҪ˲Ҫˣǳԡ
ε̾˿ͳһǾŸСˣϹ¡ħŷɥĳħӢۣٲȻһ׶԰бķ̬ˡ
Ӥε÷ģҲһֻҪ˰ѹأ޵һȺħͲҲӡ
ҳΧɨһۣǵӣɽۿžҪǸվˣҸϽֳظ˷˵ˣظˣΪʲôֻݱλĶأ
żȥ˰ǵ
ǵλȥʲô
һʣйԱ΢΢һЦ˵żһˣˡ
ˣˡ
ͻȻһƺǴǽµɽʯ֮дģûǷӦͻȻءһԭڷ̳λþѾը˿
һοɲըĽ̳ըķѣ̳ըһ
⡭ǡ
һ£ͼǺںĴ֮ͻȻһ첲ȻһϸһɫףȻݱ
һѣ
ݱһҺϽ˹ȥûȰݱӶקȴȽһҵԼӶʲôק
ݱʱ򣬾ͼͷҲѾӶ̱ڵأƴش˴
⣬⵽ôѽݱ磿
ַʣʱͼݱѾһȺקסǴӶѨ֮󣬾Ϳʼƴק
һק̷Ĵɽ嶼ضҸӲˡ
ʱݱݰקһ£ͼݱ˫֮󣬳ҺٺһЦ˵ֵܣ֮ǰŹʱ˵Ҫһݴ㻹ǵðɣ
ҵȻǵá
ҸϽ˵ͷ˵ǵ˵Ǵʲôݣҵڻףǵʲô
˵ˣȰæקͺãϸ˵
ݱ΢΢һЦҲ˵ԼǶ

׺֮Уж˷֮ɽдľǧ֦䶫ԻţҲ
жˣһԻݱһԻݣ
ִ֮έʳǻƵʱ֮ˣŻݱ뻢έȡ

ݱ˵ݷֶ֮˷ɽʱĿľǿɽеһš
Ϲ֣껯Ϊɻ˼俪ٵ֮ݻŮˡŮ洿ս֮ݻƭΪ˸ǰװ׺˲Ϊ»Ұˣ۷ſٳһƬڤڷӡסЩսꡢԼ֮ȥ˵ꡣ
鱻ڤ֮Ҳȫû취룬һǻԵɺƯڤߣΪ˼нӳĻ᣻ڶ취ͨΨһһţ˼ڤ֮Уǹţλڶ˷ɽС
˷ɽλڤеһƬµ֮ϣԴסţϷӳݱϹҲһֱػ
һսݱֵȷʵ뿪˷ɽμսħһʧƣĻ˻˶˷ɽ˭֪͸ıϵΧڤ˷ɽݱֵ֮±ɱ
ֵ󣬻ȴΪ˷ɽǴʹٶȸ׼ƣñˮɢȴһ潫ֵܵΪ£ػ˷ɽš
ԭػţʴȣжӦʵϣ˾ȴǱġ
ģʲô˼ʡ
ݱ΢΢һЦ˵ֵܳػڶ˷ɽУͳ˧ڤ֮ܣڤ֮ЩԹ󲿷ֶħսսԹ꣬ħ֮޿̹ġ
ˣ
һȻ򣬶ʱһЩڤжħĺޣΪԼãħ֮սս¶ԼͿԼЩһ֧ڤ
һ˵ݱ΢Цŵ˵ͷһֳ̧˲Ĵһָ˵ܵظΪڤеɳֻܽܵظԭ˷ɽλ֮ϣԭλڶ˷ɽĹţͱѹ˰ǵ桭


1102 ֮Ī
ŵģѵǹţ
Ҳһݱȴѵ˵ͷ˵ûΪʹй١ظλͬʱͬʱĹϵ˵ͬʱҲ֮ɽ໥ֵͨǱ밢ǵͼǱѹڰǵĶ˷ɽţֻҪקϹ䣬ܵظ֮ǰڤ꽫ؼա
һ˼Ҫˡ
ݱ˵⻰һ󷭽Ȼ֪ǸϲǸˣϾЩɶϹ֮ˣظ˺׹̿Կƣ޵ڵħкԿƣЩǧ֮õԩ꣬˭ܿƵסأ
ݱƺһ۾Ϳҵ˼΢΢һЦ˵ǵĿƲסЩԩҰǲǣģأ
ѵǿԿ
Ҿϲʣȴһҡҡͷӹ˻˵ʵҲ㲻ܿƣֵڶ˷ɽػ˲֪ٸͷϺֶλһЩģο
˵һЦݱһֽ֮˵οΪЧʱ򣬻ڤ֮бǩһЭ顭
Э飿
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ݻ˵ͻȻءһ죬ֻһ󡰺¡¡ع˳׵Ķʹ˳
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ֵľάʮӵĹΧˡЩǴܵظٳȫɵۡ
ʱһĵذ׹ͻȻֱ񷣬ð֮ƻѹɽͷӶдĹǺһʱҲøӵľ쳣ˡ
⣬ô¡
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ݱճڣᡱһǰͷһȺѾǰ׹ڻڣŰ
ѽѽ
ͻȻӶзɳŵóޱˣֻһɲǵĹ򣬸ĶֱˮйʱȺһȿֺӵųſ˹ȥ
ת˲֮䣬ԭܲմʱһױģ
Ʋ֮УͼһֻֻϴŰУռֱǳΪ˹ǵֳƵġ
ȻΪѾ̫û뿪ڤԵʣЩһ־Ϳʼ
Щ֪룬ظͻȻһ£ȫʱ׼Ӧս
ظ˺һɽɽһȺȺ̶ֳս׼ǳʵˡ
ʱظֳݱݵһۣŭҪǲܿЩԹӾͰͬһʰ

ظ˺£ݱݲⶼЩٿ࣬ҲѾԸӤ޵ڵһȺħſн䱸ɽѾɾһħҲʼʱӦս׼
ͻȻ䣬һЦӿд
ǿǿǹǹЩѹѾ֪ٸͷֵǣĻˡ
ǶһЦΧԹ궼ʼ˶צڿһһҷҪˡ
ݱһʧɫϽվӶеıһߺȣƺҪסЩŭȻЧ̫
⽣ŵʱүͻȻҡҵߣҾ˵Сӣˣ
ʲô£
쿴Ϸա
үһ˵꣬ҸϽѭ˵ķ˹ȥںİ֮УͼһȺСڵӿгǵķ˹
ЩڵдСϸһһȺģԲͬħ֣ŶʮҲ֪϶ǱЩɽħ
Сӣ¿ô죿ȻôģľٶѾˡ
үȱ𼱣ˮ͡
Ȼô˵ţҲ˹ʱǴ˷عֽѾԽԽ٣̧ͷһһȺֵ֮ĶѾһֻһֻشӿдͬʳӥһ㣬ɽЩȫ䱸ǡ
׼ӭս
ۿǵصĶǴӿɽͷظһŭֱֳֳָ졭
ۿܵظĹҪڤϹŶɱһţʱͻȻһӲԶ
󵨣ס֣
ȴڴﵽһŭôӿסĵزܴôԶĵطȥ
Ȼô֣һзĶͻȻ伸ȫһҲҲٳɽͷ£һֻֻǺֿʼƲ㡭
ɾ˹ˡ
ҲȻһͷŸոķһڻȻ
ɽ֮ϣͼĹڳÿһͨ·һ׹߰۵ˣޱسɽոһǴĿдġ
Ǵ
Сӣ˰ɣҾ˵а취ġ
ݱԱͻȻ§סҵļ򣬺ٺһЦ˵ҺֵܲɱĿʵӽڤ֮еԹ꣬ЩԹȫޱʹħ֯һ𣬿ɲġ
ѵ˵ǣ
Ҳʡ
ݱЦЦ˵ȻΪأΪ˽ܣͳµӣ֮Ī֮ĪȻĳӣλһֲͬΪƷħǵͳΣϹʱУû˭Ǳΰġ


1103 
ݱ˵ʱѾɽĴȴû˵һ仰
֮ͻȻֳ̧ŶϷԶһָڼͻȻ˵һɱ
ǺܸߣҲǱƽ˵΢һѣȻ⻰£ͻȻͼƲڵһȺͬһʱ䶼ŶϷҹ֮˹ȥת˲֮ͰЩԶɹħΧ
Щ̽·ħûŪǰľƣѾЩסһ˺ҧˡ
ſдĹǺԼЩɹħĲҽתͷ˹΢΢ͷޱ˵Сֵܣллһ֧ľӡ
㲻лңҪлҲлݱλ硣
Ұ˰֣Ц˵չҲɣ֮ս㵽Ҳûõ֧֮еľȴõˣһжֻǸֻأǳվû꣬£벻ˡ
ǰҲѾǱùˡ
ۿſһȺһֻֻڹɽħӿ˺顢䣬үпǧ˹΢΢һЦ˵СѶҲѾ룬Ҳټȥˣ͸ǿս㿴Ρ
벻սˡ
ЦЦҶΧ˹̾˿˵үľѶڿʼʽΪǵܲܵظЩأҾͲŸͽǸóȻڿʼ۾Ͱ︮źŷȥʼڣҪý֪֪˭µˡ
˵껰ҽתҪɽߣϽ
ʱүں׷˵Сﶼңȥ
ȥŮʬ塭
һͷ˵ߴѶǸҳһŶ裬ŮʬϾûҵûĻ
ἰǾʬ壬ҵٶȳ˵ҪңȥأǾƮʬ壬ȫûκε
Ĭһ֮Ұ̾һ˵Ȼûǵʱչ鲻ˣү뽫ǳ׸ʱ仹ж٣
Գ¡
ү̾Ϣ˵ɽĹڵȻԽǻнЧȻܿһ۾ȴܼӵɽϵı仯ɽѿ̶㣬ǵʱ£Ǻʳ׽⿪ӡʱ˼֮ˡ
ˣȻûκε֮ڣһҪŮʬҳ
ûôң
һ˵꣬ظͻȻһԷ˵ѵʹƵĵȥѰң
ȻԸϣվǵ˵ͷ̾˿˵ҲֻˣСѾħգҾħٲŮôǾĴʼߣ⵽˵ıѣһʲô취԰СȳΪ˾С㣬ҾԲκһġߡ
ס
˵ͷҪ·˭֪߳ȥûԶ˽һȵȡһͷһסҵȻظˡ
ûҷʣظֽ˵Сӣа취ܰ㣬ԸԸⳢԣ
ظˣа취
⻰һϲûأظѾ΢Цŵ˵ͷתͷԵĴй٣ͼйͷ˼һֱسתơ
ϴޣʱˣܰæѵ
ظ˻һڣͼйͻȻ¶ɫĬһ֮̾˿˵ظˣԼ鷳ҲգϾܵظǿռˣҲֻͷ͵ˡ
йҡҡͷЩԣ͸Ͻ˵ظˣй٣ǵ˵ʲô
˵İ취
ظЦǺ˵˼֮һ˾̤ЬѰ٣ҲܹҵŮȴԣֻҪṩһŮĻ񡭡
򵥣ǣʲôҵأ
̡
˵йһ̾ߣ첲˵ܵظֻطֱԼħΪֻ֮УЩֻʱȾκţĨǰļ䣬Щ䲢ǾʹȫʧΪ˷ܵظ¼֮ã˳ˮת֮ʱԷĥ𣬲ĵȻ޴桭
ǣҵŮʬʲôأ
һ䣬йЦ˵ܼ򵥣ÿ׹ظʮǣټֱЩĹ˷ǰļͳһˮУ̱桭
йٻ˵һȻ򣬶ʱһ˵ңˣ˷䱻ͳһ洢ͿԱһװڸءͷֻҪֹ֮Ůô
ô̾Ϳƾ軭ǵļ֮Ů
йٰȻһЦֽ˵㿴ܵظĹҪ˼ȥѾ֮˵ĻǾл֮׼ȷжϳЩ˵λãʵȫƾ̡
й⻰ڣҸϽֱȭ˵й٣ܰǵĻȫˣ
İɣ˵Ҫ㣬Ҿһ
˵һйȴԥһ£˵̵ݿ⼫ӴһʱҪѰŮʬҲףøҵʱ䡭
û⣬ֻҪҵŮֻҪܸ˼֮ǰ
˵꣬йٵ˵ͷҲûͻȻһ䣬ѡءһΪһŰ˵ط֪ǻܵظȥˡ


1104 
йߺûãϷҹ֮һȺסħҲѾ׷ױ
ЩħȷʵȽϵĻ˵ʵԶϷͷʮֻȺ֮ĻǱϷ޷ֵס
ǿĵˣվǵסһȺ޾͹Щħǰһ̣ͼҹ֮УÿֻħϰֻΧסȫ޻֮
ĶȻĻۿһֻħҲ䣬кЩһֻֻħץ˹ɽϣ󣬼ʶİһһЩħ˵˳
ʰЩħʲôûʲôɫ
ȴֻһЦƲҡҡͷ˵İɣûʲôϹһȺСආѣֻΪɵԵʣԱɳǲ
⻰˵꣬ҵǲ֪ÿ޻ǸЦˡ
ϲǣ֧ĶȻһ̶ȵϹħѾвˣϾʮֻħ̶ֻһӵĹ򣬾ѾЩ
ǵǣǿȵħһ˵ȻֻǹɽڵආѣôЩආħָǿ󵽺εȵĵزأҼֱѾˡ
ʮֻħץʱ˳ɶѾɱ˺ۣĿڱ˺ҧ˿ڴһŵĻɳЩǡŮ洼ƻʵƷѣϸħҲڣһ֮󣬾õһ̴ЩħĿڣһ
һֻħĿУǻǵõһЩȽõħ˵֮ͻȻϹ鿴ֻΪѲʱԶ͸о˴˴𣬼ֱǿҵ޷ݵĵزǿҵȻ᲻ע
һǰ鿴ħȻǱǸˣϾҲֻǵһѣڴ֮󣬿¸һɳħ̽
ⲻֻǹɽĶѣɽһĶȻҲСˡ
֮ǰõ鱨ԼЩħʳԵ֪ȻѾոѹĽЧңɽɽ˫ʵ
ǵĿȻҪ˼䣬Ŀһ£Ȼڽ˵ֻҪܻ˼䣬ѹáݻʡԲܲˡ
Ĺķӡչ鲻˵ƾƵģȷʵѾѣȴɱķӡ޷︮ϰ͵͵ǱɽõҪ鱨
գŴѾΪ򡱵ɽӳ鱨ԱʮˣЩӳ֮ǣɽܲգնܴλɽĹǵʹҽ
ЩɽӻҴߣһΪҪ鱨
ɽΧ֮ڣδͻӡĽǣԼЧڽǵĴʬݳʬ֮⣬Ȼһ֧صڡ
鱨ʾ֧ص֮࣬гԱ״ڣֳֽɫǹȴߵ塭
ȥԱûеõ֧顱̫ϸϣʵǿϧǶ޷ȷ֧ʵݣʲô
ӦþĿǰԡɽյȫ鱨ˣϾɽԲ֮ڣѾΪһƬء
ɽһҲˣ˵ںɽһģɽɽȴڵĸħԼɽ׹̽ʬ
׹̵ĽʬЩʬɲͬЩʬȻڣʵȴЩͨʬҪǿĶ࣬񼸺ȫӸİţһʵͷ۲ѡ
еĳҲǸʤһģûĴʬȴһĴʬƶˡսթ麣һȺѾĹɽħΪܣǸ޷һǵǷ︮Աȿɽȡ鱨ҲѾΪ˹ɽϽʬħĿʳˡ
ȽǣĿĿɾͱòôˣϾû˽ģȴС
үרſλ飬ͨյĸ鱨óۣڸӹɽ֮ҵ칬֮ǰǽǳɹͻӡҲԲôͻΪҪ麣֮ͨţǰء

йǰظ֮ҽ˻һŮĻ񣬲ա˴й٣Ҫģֻʣĵȴˡ
ѾأǴҶΧɽϣ˻һһϡ
ǿĹҲ컹ûظ˸ϽȴŴܵظɽ֮еһСһÿ֮£ʱ
ϾЩ䣬⣬δǱˣһһȺŸҹٰɡɡǣɰдĵĻֽΪ棬ÿ߲ɽϰһѡ
ظ˵ЩɡԱܿΪǻ֣ۿⲻһѰѻֽɡǵЩɡʵǰӪկһ㡣
ɢʱʯͷݴ¶Բؼʱÿʮɶһѡ֮УǰɡҹǷ㡭
ڤ֮޾Ķԩ֮꣬¾ʡ²ˡ
ݱݶЭ֮£Ⱥʱֻصǵ֮סҹٴӹųΪʡ˲񡭡
ǵǰõòˣǣЩðˡ
һĹһ︮ܿɽ½һ֧˵Ĳӣһɷƴ


1105 
ԽԽ࣬ȻһضѾˣǴǴĲк֮ϣ´һ׵ס
סˣֳ⣬˵䲻ģүǱǱ׷ѹģԼȺ˵ʳ˵ֵǳ伢ˡ
ڴҲɵӣû͵ɽժҰҰˡҰλæǽһֺ
ҴɽһһʱͼɽҰСڵŻЦԼܵߺżһҽдɽҰ˵ֵܱڲݴϢŵˣӵġ
һѵĺкͻЦҾۿһп
ǶѾѹֵ̫̫ˣϣڳǵǰһҪץס
ǣסȻýҩ⣬Ͳ̫ðˡ
︮ɽϾۼϢȻ賿ʱѾ˽Ǻ͸ǸһȻǲῴŲܵģϾµȺɽħͽʬǵ¿ɲͬǲ⣬ǰҲճж
Ǻ翪ʼ˷ͿʼһȺȺħ뽩ʬ߾ۼ˹һֻʮֻڶһЩСආǲѽ
˵ҪԸЩɢȷʵ⣬˷յϢ۹ֵǣɾͲôˡ
֮ǰǽɢΪСţȻЧıܿ˱׷ɱҲǵʵ
һ֧֧ɢСŶӴΧΧ·߽ħɽʬײţս
ϵʱǴһͳƣϹܲϵСŶУʮֻŶɽħڰ·˳ͻ۽֧ŶӱɽħԼʬȫڸ·ϡ
Ȼˣ⻹ֻǽֵģ·ϱȫ󣬻ûǷֵĶ飬в١
Ϊ˴ԱүϽʱǲ齨һ֧ҩСֶӣСֶӵĳԱԵ֮ϵʿΪϾҩҩЩ飬ǿɱЩоö࡭
֮Ȼʶȱȥֹۣ︮ķ죬һǳ׵׵ĸ߾ڳһ
ǵģĪڻصظѰŮĴйˡ
ɽͷϣɨɽ£һСŶӻǴֵͲǾŻѣǵ⻹ڳׯķ۹ԶĵطͼսȻȻǸϹǻϵֺ͹ɽħײһ𣬷˼ս
ҲʱЩ˷ΧĹɽħͽʬǣסسŴׯǽӵ˸֪ǵġڰԵ޷жҪһ򾡣
վˣҹĻ֮ϹŶǻָж֮󣬸µħͽʬðȻӽˣΧγһȦΧͼʱΧڣһΪˡΧԮͼȴɽԱǾһս
ڸļѾ˾ռˡ
ҾɽµĶһһ죬˿ȻѾϰ˵ˣȻйٻûϢ
ڵȲˣͳԵظ˷˵ظˣҪҪܵظȥһ£Ϊʲôйٻû
ظȴ˰˵Сľˣ̿ɲǼ򵥵飬ϴЩʱ䣬ʧġ
ظôһ˵Ҳǰġ
˭֪ʱǰԶҹ֮УȴͻȻ䴫һ
绢Хӭһ˹ɽ衢
⣬ɸˡ
ֻжϣҾͲµʲôħǸϽʯͷվս׼
ʱǰҹɫ֮УͻȻһŻϸһ԰ټƵĶ飬ڿƳ𽥱ƽ
һʱ䣬ɽµĴҲʼðʱڴ˷£ҸϽԱ͸λ׼ӭսǿ󡭡

ͻȻһͷϹ̧ͷһȻѺǶԾ޴ѩ
ıϣ̾ıϣ̾İ󣬰ıơ
ʦ¶ˣ
ûأȴӰıƻû׼Ƶͷһֶһ£ͷһ¾͵һͷľëϣһ
ѽѽ磬ү
ŵ۹ֽУһһΣԼͷֵĲϣҲһѩ׵ĳëһҲˣһһӣѱϵͰ˵ˤȥ
Ҷа취
֪İ»Ǹɾ䣬һԼֵԴϵĻסһţվԴҲѧˣվҲ⻭棬ֱеֱӡ
ڿûˣܹ;ŵ˵ʦ¿ˣǰ߷ڵֵܴϢƺɫǼǰ߸ֶˣ͵ס
ʲôħôûϳ
ҲʣϾҵҰģǸӹɽ߷ųħ֮һǵбȽģԼͶϵãӶҲܰǷԷˡ
Ȼ֮ȴҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ʲôħ֪òʲôĴǳ̫ݶˡ
Ŷʲôӵģʡ
ƴһܷСӹͷÿֻžȻžŸֺͷ

һ˵˲䵹һ


1106 Ůټ
ʱͻȻԱ˵ǿϧûڵĻ¿ɾˡ
䣿ʲôϵ
ҲʣʱҲ˹ڽ˵үͨ񣬹Ǽһүϵãˡ
ˣ˵֣
û
꣬˵ͷֽ˵˼Сˡһ˵ʵһ֡¹֮սʱֵܰʮһˣͭͷԣŰ첲ÿֻžŸֺͷұ첻
˵ʱͷϾ֮սʱ׹ֻصϣѾʶħıˣȷʵ򵥡
˵˵ȵİʮһֵǰʮһˣʵ˵һˣħͬʱҲǾյһ˼
嵽жٱҲʧɫ
˵ô˵ɣȣҲħΪݻʵʬƳһα˼ļ֮󣬾ַһǿ׳Ͽʼʵ飬ϣܵõһǿսʿϧǣЩ˵幹ݻվͬʵʧܣֻɹһΣ˶һֱȵֵܣʵǾĵڶѡ
ôһ˵һеͷˡ
˵仹ǽʬʱؾں˽ʱɱİɣ
һ˵꣬˵ͷЦ˵Ըո˵ͺˣˣ˵϶ʱͲ۶ַˣǿϧ
ǣǺڣҲֲ֡
ҽҧһЦ˵ʱѾ̲סĦȭˡ
ǿұ鲻ԣæ˵ˣôˣ
ûôҪ˵ģɲֻк䰡
˵Ż̧Ⱦɽߣ߳ȥûԶϼսʱĻ棬Ѿǰػص
ҿҸĸùڵĽħһȺ֣ʮͷм䣬ñˡ
һ뵽Ѿ̲סҧáֱˡ
ãȻԼˣıٻŻȥ
Խ˵ԽۿԶǻѾׯԽԽڼҵ嶼̲ס
Ȼû߳ԶȴͻȻִһСֵܡ
һ¾ǴйٵϽͷһȻֻйѰһըỊ̇ӵ˳
й٣ôˣ
һϽʣʱйҲظ˵Ĳ֮£ҼҴ˹һһ߽еСֵܣңҵʬˡ

һУʱйѾظ˺ĲҵǰһߴӻͶһ˵а
ʲô
йٻһڣ˲侪ס
ʱйѾӻͳһֽЩֽϵĻԶˮīȥģֱƬһдʵ
йٰѻֽݸҺҸϽһŷǾõһͼһŻֽϻŵģȫǳн־Լ˽
Щǡ
һ߷һ̲סйٻش˵ҶѰһŮټû뵽ЩǰЩֽŵģЩǰŮʬʱĻ棬ѳЩǰϽжԱȣǶǱˣҲڱеģŮʬһд
й˵ʱҲϽЩֽһŻֽʱ̲ס˸սͼǻֽĻ棬ƺǺҹ·ѾûˣһСŮڿ̵Ľֵ棬һ֮ɨ
ǽƺǱչƵģѾںĿĿˣȻŵϷȴԼǿõϣ޺ƺǿƴӳɵ˶ı֡

⣬ĵ꣬ҹĵꡭ
ҼѾ˵ˣһ˵йٸϽŻֽ˹ȥŻֽ½ǱǵһСֿһ֮üͷ˵仭ˣǸǰʱʱˣ̵ļأ⻭ȥǰģҲ֮ǰ
֮ǰŮʬ徹Ȼȥҹҹ
һ뵽ҹ˲ϮͷҲЩˡ
ǵõΪЭүǶԿ׹̣ʹǼҵڻ֮бյĿȫˡ
СҲҹ
ĻͻȻҵ˼ҵ˵ͷȻʱɽ´ͷķѾʼһҵش
ѭȥȻػڴڵǣѾˡԼһȺɽħһţսִǰδеļҡ
С˽ҶԸѰŮʬҪ
ҶսЩԥϽȰһ䣬ʱظҲһȰ˵԰СӣǿȥҪ°ɣģ֮︮⣬أħ̤ׯһġ
⡭ðɡ
Ĭһ֮ջǵ˵ͷ˵֡裬ħĽǣҲΪǱˡ뵽Ҳ˲ٶ˵ʲôһĺ󱳣˵ɱһѪ·
СׯΧǿɱȥһ⵽ԷĶ½Χ˵ġ
˼Ƭ̧̣ͷһɨ˵Ҫɵ
䣬ȴһҡҡͷ˵вУӿΧĹɽħҲڿУǸԿ
ô죿
ߵ£
΢΢һЦ̧Լܼܵһģüë˵ֵܣʱ򷢻۸ĳˣֱȥ


1107 Ĵʬ
ð취
˵ͷֵҲûͷһ̽Ѿ䡱ڵٳ˿ӶûһĹ򣬾ڳһƽʱ
ˣϣ
֮ͻȻһŭҸϽ˫һһǺںĶѨ֮Уǰһ޿񱼡
ΪҸϽ˦ִ𣬶ŸոհѶгĶѾһǺ
ҸϽͷһüһͼһȺ׵ĹѾǵصشӶ׷ǳֱһȺγɵĳˮۿžҪҺû
ʱӶȺгһˣһϮʤѩϸһȻ˾̡
Լ˾ҲЦЦ˵СظΨֵҲᱻݵĹɽħСΪ·
˵Ż˾°ڳ䣬ΧһȺǺĹ̴ƮͳҺ׷˹ִ೬ǣǰȥ
ȻǱظ˸ˣαûãͻȻǰһӼҵعǺͬʱӭһҰ޵˻кʹ򶷵Ҳ֪϶ǹɽħӵص͵Ϯˣû뵽ײ˸š
ʱ˾׷΢΢һЦ˵Сģｻǣ
̣Ǿˡ
ҳ˾ֱ̹ȭЦŵͷ֮󣬸Ͻ첽ǰڵĶһǰ壬һŭ
󣡿µĶƹȥЩħǶԸ
̣лˣ
;һ󼱹䣬ȻͰΪ˶㿪Щħĵط·
ϼǰ壬ǰĴѾԽԽ˦ִǰһͼһȺںͼֻħһ𡭡
һıϳȥһֻħһ
︮ɱ
˵䣬Լȳҵķ˹ȴǰʱͻȻһŤΣβǰһ˦žһ¾Ͱħ˦õ˳Զ
ûҪŶһȥ˭֪һֻħձˣֻħҲӹΧ֮˳Ҫˡ
Ͼֻһβֻͣħһ˹ЩӦβ˦ȥ̾ͱһֻħס
һӦˣҾְ˭֪ʱһͻȻִһƵɵĶˣ
Ȼȴ쳣ĳƣϸһȻǴӶڵĺ洫ģô£
ûŪôأȻ¡һǰĶھͻȻ˿žͼ˸Ѿƿǿ˽ŷʯ鵹˵ϡ
һʱҺסڱԶסֻɽħĹҲһ¡
һҲɵصһ˵ؿˣӶںˤˣȻǡ硭
硭
Ҳһ˸ߴѶһ£ҲȲѷٶȣʱקβ͵ֻħѵűʼѭβͳ
Сô졭
֮Ͻҷʣһۣȥ
ϣ
һһ䣬͵һͳǰ˹ȥûͺӵȻ˵ĺϾʹ˹ȥ˱ϷԾȥͬһʱ䣬һŭ𣺡Сӣˣ
绰䣬ͺײĶȻһŻɳһˮǾ׷˹˵¿ˣû뵽µĴʬȻˣȻҲǱɽϼ龪ġ
챣
ʱ˾ҲһŭһȺĶ˼ЩħϽֶ׷˹
һȺ׷ҲѾ׷һŭ𣺡ӮŮɣסˣСӡ
ף
Ļɳˮ֮ڣͼŮӮûΣתͳ׷ĹԼһȺħȥ
ͻȻһŭ𣺡䣬һ֮
ʱһͷһɨͼһųԵĺǰ˹ȥ
ҲͬһʱȭͷͳĽŵȥءһ֮󣬽һȭȭһٿһẓ́һ˲ͬһͳǷ˹
գۼĹ׷ƨɺ棬һ̧˫֣ȴûץǣһץס§βͲֵħĲӡ
⹦ǹɽߣ
߬סħӵһ˲һŭ͵һħβϳȥͬʱһ߰ȭħϣħҵĿȫ֮һȭͽħĿڣһʱɳħһ۵ȥ
˦ħʬ壬Ⱦͼ׷˹һ׷һŭ䣬ŮɡӮסˣôĹ;ܱߣ︮
һͨһʱ佡ɣ׷ǣʱƵƵͷۿ׷ǵԽԽʧɫϽѯ˵СҪԼߣס
ס
΢΢һЦС˵ոһڷҪôҳŮٺ٣Ŀʱ򡭡ܣȥ
ף
˵ͷ˲Ҳںͷ׷ţһ·ǰ񱼣ǰѺ˾ĹɽһȺħԼʣµʬ˦Ӱˡ
һ׷Ҹϣһ߾ںҺһͨ
СͣסǶ˵ģʶľ͸Ͽͣ£ң㣬ɱˡ


1108 ̫ͼ
˵ұ˭µǵĴ֮һû뵽˵ĸ˺ͼ
ʱȻǰĺ
ˣǡҹܻᡯڵˣǸҪȥˣСİ
û⣡
Һո£͸оµĶѾʼбµĽǶԽԽ˦һǰһüһǰʮ⣬Ѿֱ淭˹ȥ
Сˣ
һ֮ҸϽ§סĲӣʱͼǰ㣬һʱ㵹ڵøѸˡ
ۿҪһͷײֱϵĶʱͻȻһ˫ǰһȣᡱһ
ϵһ˲䣬ԸоıͻȻӲͷϸһĺϾȻ֪ʱһƬûҷӦأͼ߸ĲͻȻᡱһŲڶƷ֮˶Ȼ˲仯ΪһڿնֱλϷĶڶȥ
üһȻΣ
һƥȴͻȻһһֱƨɺ׷統ʱסˣһ֡ޡһΪԼνհܳӵģ
䣬׷һ˦˫֣ʮָָָͬҰһ㣬ͷײҪײʱֻצסھ
ҴӶзɳ֮ҲѾӰڳĶг˳䵽ϣһ󻷹ܣ͸Ƶġ
ҿûܣûطܣǲܡ
ֻΪϣ⳯·һɨĴĿ
磬㻹ǵ𣿡
ҳһ°ͣ˵㵱ĵ꣬۾ʶģҲСү㶼ǵ𣿡
赱Ȼǵã
糯ҺݺһۣͻȻЦ˵Ҳ͸߹㣬ӵȫ䣬أҽͶ̥ΣֻǧСתͶ̥еһ΢С˸ѣƾļ䣬û赲Эǵɴ¡
˵⻰ֻһ󵶽ʣ̲סü˵磬ѵ˵֮ǰ壬ȫܲ𣿡
壿ÿһֻת᲻µͶԹһļ䣬ҲͬúܣǽĻ˵Ҿ֮εͶ̥תҵ׸ýһ壬أǣЩת֮ʱĹ̶ѣվǡ
˵ʱҧгݣ˫׹¶ûȻ£ͻȻһʹ˹һһŨҵغ̣ȻѾ˸һ׼
磬޷ˡ
̾˿ۿ嵽ǰȴû
ʱ׹ͻȻĺͬ˳ǰֵܡ
ԸƢԲ뵽зȻۿֵѾ嵽ǰˣŷӦȻҪѾˡ
һʱͼȫ߳ӷߣһյͬʱҲһײĶϣͬһʱֵܵҲʼΧĻ۵ֱֵС
ᣬһҲȥͷһ˫޴¹ǺݺһײҽŵɳʮԶڵϡžҹһͨ
ûվµСʵСҪһսһɲöԸǼ˲
Ǽ˲ˣȫ˲ˡ
Ҳһҡҡͷ۵ػţ̾˿˵Ϲյĵһ˵
һʲôһ񣿡
ͻȻ˵⻰ҲһʣȻʱһ󡰰عѾ۾ǳոͬʱлȻˡ
һֳ˹ҺϽֳӭ˹ȥ
ۿֵܾҪͷӭײʱͻȻһءһһŨҵغըɢ˳ðȫڿʧȥƽ⡭
ᣬһһͶסֵܵĲӣһŭץֻ򡱾һײ
ء
ײһʱһ촫Ƥ֮£ȴըɢ˺ڰɫĻ˲ͬһ㣬ڰ׽žͽС
ʲô۷ƾҲҲɣ˺㣡
һȻȴͻȻ֮д˳
Һ͸ƤǵװİѣΪԼ˺𣿡
һ䣬ֵܵĿЦ֮дУƢһ׿Ƥ뽫Ǻڰɫɢ
˭֪ɢƺȴͬйһţģģסεͬʱ𽥾£Ϊһڰ׽̫ͼֻ̫ڿ˳ʱһתԽ
ǡ
Ҳʣȴ΢΢һЦ˵ǰֵ̫ܵ
ûĻ£ͻȻǾΪͼ״֮УͻȻһڿһ󴫵ءһͻȻһըͷһǶԼըһѪ
⣬ǡ
ʧɫûȰѻ˵꣬һըҲǰһžرըʼǰغ˸û꣬ըѪҽС


1109 칬һ
ҸҴģͰֵ⹥Ķ󣬻֮ǰȻʿʱ磬ͷһըˡ
Ȼһͨը֮ѾĿȫѪܵ磬ȴɻԭأƴطԼʮŭš
ңۿͰֵܶ緢ҹʱΪһ亹
ϲֵܣҸ磬ҲԼĺô类Լֵɱ
ⵣվǶģֻѾըѪģͻȻ˫һ𣬰һŭٶȵһҵغ̣ײðɢԣ󣬾ͼһһƤƤ֮УֵָֻΡ
ոաԼƤֵܸϽŵˣٳվλһͼǹŨɢŨ֮ҲֳȻʱ˿̵磬ȴѾһսΧɢŨ̻ڲͣս֮Ϲ䣬ףƺԺûһ
ϸһ⾪һ£Ǻû͵ս״һֻú䲻Ȼϸһս׵·ʽֻЩ죬ʲôطƵġ
ʱԱһп̾Ϣ˵õؽû뵽쾹Ȼ⸱ģǿ
ؽ˵ʲô
⻰ҸϽʣûȰشŭֳǳ˹
СƾǸסңʶĸϿ־ܣӸǸʹ졭
û䣬һȭѾҴ˹һڷ㶡
ʱһӦ˹һΣ͵һβ;ͳɨ˹ȥջȭͷһܹβɨ֮Ҫ̧ץңʱȴѾ̧һ˫ȣһӡϵսϡ
һʱءһսϣߵһĴͭƵģ
ֻһҽ﷭ȥͬʱһΣת˲֮۳һ˺ںسǹͳƨ˳ƴ˹ȥ
һ˫֮ûڵأʱ˿һǹ̹Ķ㣬һ²ãǹҪƨҲӲˡ
֮䣬ѪɫǹȻлûûȫûǹ߬ǹͳ̹ǹ˹ȥžһǹһһ죬ֱڹѪɫİ֮ײһṉ̀еĳǹ˿
絹ϲ¶˼㵣ٺһЦ߬źǹЦ
ֵܣôû㳤˲ٰôҪҪұȱǹ
˵ʱ˵Сģʱ䣬ʬ
ʱ䣬Ҳֻ˳ˣϾҲ뿪
΢΢һЦ˵꿸ǹǰʱ˿еѪɫǹȫûΣֻ£ǹˡžһһңһʱŰת˲֮ͽסһΪһѪɫսס
սױڵζɣϢϢһתһĿʼҵƤðͷҲʼĴ߻֮ɶ̷Ѹٳ˳
ͻ仯һһ죬Ц˵񰡣
ʲôЦʡ
꣬װ磬ֱһޡ
ЦЦͻȻһ̾˵뵱꣬ʼҲûֳҲ֪˭ǹеĵһǹͣû뵽ǻлһս붼ʹ찡
˵΢΢ȥгǹֱʱ˹׼ҲûȻɱֱţ߬ųǹǹѾʼˡ
ҪСİǵµͷͽ뷷칬Ŵ󽫾ɲöԸ
£칬Ŵ󽫾
΢΢ü˳˼֮УԺ֮ͻȻ両ֳһǻԴڽľߵĻ䡪
칬ǰɵ֮£һԱ״󽫡
׵ǹĳʽϸһ䣬ȫ͸칬һޡ
һѵ˵
Сһǹ
ûΪһֱҵǰ
ûǹȵǹɱһ
ּ̧䳤ǹȥžһ촫ʯ֮ʣǹٶȽ羶ֱ̹ǹһα˳ȥȻеǹһûƽٽǹ̹ʱѾøˡ
һʱǹǹвУһ֣ת˲Ƕʮ࣬ʽǰҪӵˣҶЩмܣ֪ͱƵ˳ʮԶ
ƺĶ֣սİΪһ亹ͻȻԱһŭ𣺡æȥȺŹѾģ
һڣ޼ͬһʱͳ˹ִҺΧס磬Զ٣ȴȫûԳһ˿һĵӼؿЦ
һϣһϣһɱ⣬ȥͣ
ĻȻȻ⻰Ҳ˵˵ģͼԽսԽ£һڵĳǹû磬Һ޺ȻѹƲסһʱ䵹Ҳ֪ôźˡ
˭֪ʱͻȻͼһӰӿз˶£ҺûӰ¾Ѿ˲ԣ˸ϽԵһΨ绹ڵۻӶĳǹ
СҲǸͷ࣬ǿưʱʿʱѾ˽Ĵʬ֮һʲôʲô˽֣ԶһҪå࡭


1110 ɽVSɽ
ǹƺȫûʶϮġвͷû̧һأǺͮͮӰѾ͵һצץסĲӣʱֺݺһһֻءһǿӰѾ߬ĲӾͰ˵ϣѹµİ·涼ѳһ
һ䣬ŵðٶȳһһʱ߬ǹ˵ͱ˭֪ǹȴ͵һ߬ͬʱϥѹסţʹվվˡ
֮ǰǺɫӰ̫죬Ǹòһͼһͷ췢ƮƮǸһͷʺɫҳŮˣƤСȹ͸߸Ьıˡ
ѾõԼ˫ëצӣȴôӵĵŮӦеġ
Ҳг
麣
ἰ麣ǺܾûмˣԴ֮սԺҶΨһӡ󣬾֮ǰ¹ץʱ麣͵͵ҽߵġ
麣ΪʲôôֱҶ֮麣Ҳȫû䣬ƺһֱڹɽûڳжƵġ
ٺ٣
ͻȻ麣һЦʱҲѾϳõһŭ𣬽麣ϸݺһȥ
麣ƵÿҪʱֻڵһţһշסΣҲѾǹվ麣һͨŭ𡪡
麣Ϊǵ°£ʲôң
ŭ麣ȴֻǵһЦġСĸζ˵ӴӴôƢŵ˼أΪǰ£ȻҲΪ˰£۶˸Ϊгͻ𣿡
Ϊ£
üͷǣ϶ȥ︮Ĵ䣬ܵʲôң
ν㶼ǵȻҲ׿
麣ٶЦĵЦвŮŮϣǿ˸ӵĲˡ
ǴħڶʱСͨСҪߵĶǼʱ֪ͨǣ˼ҿ︮ĸץ±ץٸ︮ĸֶ˸أ˱ضνң˵ǲǣ
ޣ붼룬Сҵǹɽߣ
ŭʱٶǹٿ麣ҲѾЦĥצ
¶˵˿ɾͲˣΪǽ֣Сץˣ˭ңҾɱ˭
𣿡
һЦЦûأһͳұ
Ҫڼأ
ʱЦݶʱӲϣҲһ𣬻ͬƵģ붯ˡ
СС㡭
ع͵ػȥͼһɿزӰһҸϽӰķһͼԾģǸСССŮͷһѩ׵öʱʱһ£ɰĶڻˡ
СС㡭
鲻ԽֽһΪ嶼ûüָأҺС㣬Ѿת
֮Ҳһ˿һãֻʣ³۶ǵңͷһָоһȫûи顢ûʬ塭
СС㡭С㡭
СƭԼˣͲСˡ
ԱСһ䣬ԼҲѾټСò
˵ûǰСŮѾϤСˡ
һֱ˫ɱЦһƽһ飬ҲֻЦӦ˵ӦýС㣬ħȣ
ֲǴŶѣʲôˡ
СһЦѾǰδеĮˣͷǶԱıö䣬ȴǿɰĶ
ʱ˵ҶĳƺһСҲã︮ҲãҲãҿվֻҵѡ
û䣬СͻȻһ˹̧־Ҫץҡ
Сģ
һΣգ޵һʱ令˹Ҳսǹ׼ӭսûС㹥ǰͻȻ͡һһѺݵĳǹѴС㵥ı룬һ¾͸ķִĿڹᴩ˳
ͻȻ͵ϮһǹСһ˲ͣסϵıҲǹһɲǻΪݶ

СҧͷҲصضݺݿ˿ڣȴһĿЦ
ħ︮ҵҪȸǵµģʲôʱֳ
˵ʱֽǹС㱳ק˳ȥ˿ھƬֿ֮ʼָԭ
С㵥屻ǹγʱŤȥû˵һ仰һˡ
ƾҲԣҷʬ
СһŭһצӾץ磬Ͻǹȥ˭֪Сһ߬סǹһ˲䣬ǹϾһݵص˳ǹӾϡ
ͬʱͼСֵֽӡӡһɣһƾͳȥһܵĻƴСĴֱš
ˣһĺֵܣһⱲΨһŮˣۿѽѷ֣ԭصǲ֪ôźˣʱɵ麣
ħˣ˵һ˶Ը⽫ʹ´ˣҲñѽһ⽫ǵ߹
麣һ߿Цһѵ˸߸Ьͻ𼱻ǵҲսգСγ˶һľ棬һ£мʱԳ࡭


1111 ս
ˣһϹĴʬ֮ףһ¼ǿġ˼һ½ġĻë꣬˽һʱذΧԼ·涼ܵ˲һʱ䷿һƬǽ塭
ԭعսҺޣȫѾɵۡ
˵ɵۣҵҲһֱµĶԲߡ
ʱϸһ룬µľƺ֮ǰĸȺŹʱǸǶԴһƶʰǣϾһСһ磬֪ѾԭˣҲ飬ƴȫǶԿ
Сզѽ
ҲʼԱңȻҲѾû⣬ҷ㶲˵˵ҪܰɣɱûӦ
ҲԱߵµص˵ͷ˵ѽѽСǻǸϽɣһһӦһԸǣǿɾ־ˡ
УԲܡ
˵ʱƴسĴȴκη紵ݶǰ硢С麣ž򶷵һüͷҡҡͷ˵УǱ۳ĿʲôûҵĿ֮ǰĶȥ
Ůʬ壿ӰӶûУҲһֱð
û۾ҪãӲ۾һֱȥ
Ұһᣬǰ˵սҲٶ˵
սУͼС麣˵쾡£ȫмܣʱʱͱ˵ĺлУûĺô׳Űɹˣɷ趯еĳǹô򶼴
˵С麣ǿǿ֣һŰ֮ڻǳŲסˣҸһеĳǹһź˳ǹһðһ˲ӳսָ֣ɢĺ֮С麣Ӱһͨ֡
̫ȱˣһҪ
һ֣С麣Ҳ
˵˭ҪأһܱҪ
ԣ麣費Ҫ˵㺦񻹼޻ңҪǣȱ£㲻ҪҪ
ҲҪҹļͷ
麣һñһݣħ֮ǰĳ¶žˡ
˳ŲӺһ֣ͨҿȴһζο̹ĵػٶӿͷҲԾЦһ£һжѾ˷ˡ
㶼ס𣿡
ʱͻȻһЦԶ̮ĶǶͰֵڳġ
û£ͻȻ䡱һӰѾȺڵĶ֮˳ԡ
ȴӵվǺ䣬˸׳ţСˣ֮ǰһϵһƤಲһ¶ЦĦȭ
˭۸ҽֵܣҲĹͷ
麣òëĵȼ˲ٰ
ӮҲ漴վһͷ췢ֱ麣ͷɫһޣ֮е׺ݣȴԶǰˣȫȫһֻεҰޡ
һԡվŮɣŮһվǺӮƵҫһŵس˹ȥĸ첲һѯʡ
û°ɣûˣ
ſң˵˶ٱˣҪҽ
˦Ůɵ֣Ӯʲô˼Ůɺ㣬ʲô̬ȣ
Ӯʲô£
ӮһۣŮɷְӮë꣬ĶôĻ
Ůɣ㡭ҡ
ѽǸأ
ۿʬҵĹϵֱţָ̧ǰЦС麣˵ҪҲȻɽٴ򣬱вУѵ˽ǵ¸ǵ𣿡
һὫǣʬ̱죬˫׹¶۾̶С麣˹ȥ
ĴʬȻһʱɱŰС麣ҲⶼЩ
ʱŮһЦ˵ħԽǵΪδƽӡһֱǹɽ֣ѵ˵ǲ֪ô컹Ҫô߲ɣ
Ůɣ⻰Ӻ˵ѽ
С˵ʱɨһۣЦ˵ڶУǵڿ︮ĶҲ˵ȷֵǣȴǴмһţ۵˭Ҫôߣ
Ѿͷǲǣ
ѵ㣿
ŮԽ˵ԽԲֿʼн֣һ䡰Ѿͷšɻ˸ҷɡ
ţԽԽˣСһ䡰ǧ겻ĳͺͷ֮ŮסˣλɳǰʱɢĻɳһ˲伤ɳʯͬɳһͳС˹ȥ
Ѿͷ˺ĳ죬ɱ˶۸٣
ɳ֮еŮһֽУСȴԭЦܡ
˶۸٣ƾĴʬЦ
ۿĻɳҪ˵ǰСͻȻ΢΢˫磬Լı̻γ˽Ӱһڵ֮ƾջΪС㲢ˡ
ֱ󡢲塢ëСű壬Լҵүү䡭
иֱַʮᦡħƽ𽣡ľʦӡԼҡ壬ʱͼС̧ڱһ飬һէ֣оȻɫû˻Ԫɡһչ
ʱ麣ҲûţſһаЦһͣҲѰͨ˳ʦ׹ʥ룬ֶһСеϹ˵һ£ĴʬΣˡ


1112 ս
ħһΪټһë麣ʵ֪
ȻԲиϹŷ߸ˣĴʬǵû˺󣬷һк䣬Ůɼǲɳĸǣ͵ؾͳŶ߸ȥ
۵ĳʬȻԼҪҲﲻˡ
ۿĴʬҪ˵ǰСʱһЦ˵͵һӸ첲ŭĴʬӭ˹ȥ麣ûгǰߣϾСӴ˵ʱʼսƻڻңŲôɵء
ۿǰȥķĴʬɱһСҲûһеĻԪɡ˳Ƽǰս֮С
û뵽ǣħλһʱʵǿȻһֿ𵥴ȻĴʬͣһʱ侹ȻĴʬѹסˡ
Ҳѹ֣ϾĴʬΪϹŷɥĽʬħ֮ǰС㡢ʵԶĴʬ
ʼʱħеķĴʬ࿹⣬Ȼʱһүү䡢ɽűԼëСЩʹ֮ˣȻЩ֧޷ƾסԷ͹ˡ
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һʱŮŶҽУǷɳҲѾһεǽڽסȫ޷ˡ
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һʱŮɵĲҽٶ𣬡ͨһһն˵ŮڰŷɽѪӻɳ˳˵ϡ
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1113 
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1114 λ
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1115 
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1116 󣬰
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ʵ΢΢һЦͻȻ䳤һ˦һŰ׹ըɢǵǰѳֳһΨػ󡭡
֮УˮʱʱĴźӰ
ˮľͷһĴţ˵Ǵţʵӵһ
ǴǰӿĲ֮УͼˮĽɰǧʱʱˮ֮·ƴȫǴ
ţ
ҲһٿѾ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ʱЦԴ˳
ˣˣԭΨһһŵĽ𡭡
ҵǰ
ٶףЦ˵Сɻǵү˵ǰ︮һֱڰоʻ㣬һڶҲ롮أš
Ҳ˵
ҽüͷ˼Ƭ̣־˵Ҳ˵ֶүүƲûš⴫˵֮νġšľŹ˼š
ûžţţš
˵̧Լظ£˵ΨһŵıһŻΪҲҡ꽫Ǵ칬ʱҲΪ֮һɱֻأųɾҡ
ңˣȻڤڤ֮⣬ֽû뵽ϵİת
˵ʱ֮оͼһѩ׵ĽˮһԾ𣬴֮֮źˮ֮Уһ˲է֣Ŵ۵Ľ⣬һˮ֮дһ𡭡


1117 
ƺ𣬱Ͻӣ鷲㡣
ţ˿ڵĹ¾Ͽڵͯҥһ㣬˼䴫ǧ꣬ԴԶٹˣ˭񣬲Ǵ˵еġšȷŵΪ㣬ȴ䡰㡱ء
ѹҲһ֮һԭǰôԨԴ
ҲһпʱҲѾ廨ʬӵǵĽűߣߵһȭߡ
Լ绹û֣ͣڿֹ˵ٴɾҪǴŶ
ߣ쵰ҲãҪǲסңǽܽţ칬
˺һţֳŰɨһ˵ǹͬ칬ʱľΪһΪֻΪģǶҵϹ٣ҼҪһУȻҶѾתͶ̥˷䣬һôãٺ٣ҿͲҪô˰ɣ
˵꣬΢΢һЦʵ˻⣿
ٺ٣ҵ˼ǣɴԺһ㻹ˣ
У
Ļ˵꣬ȶȻܾһ
һ廰һϽί˵ֵܣզѽ
ǣզˣҿѽǽ㽫ȽϺãϾˡ
ѽֵѽզô˵أҷվôأ
ǣ㻹˼˵
һ˷˵֮ǰȻΪĴʬ֮һվڶӪ֮Уչ黹һļ䣬֪ҵݣԼǶһʲô£أǵãȻҪɱңǵһأɱǲֵ֪ܣʲô˼
ֵܣ⡭ҡ
һᣬҺϽŰ˵˵˵ɣ⣬զ찡ҵˡ
΢΢һЦǳʹ˸ɫ˵СʵҲ
˭ҲˣǵǣɾȻҪɱǡ
ҲܿƵ˵ģʵ˵ˣ˼һ仰Ƶġ
˶٣Ц˵˼һ仰Тȫ˼ǣһڼʱԼ˿˾ТȻҴ£ұʱ޷ȫҲֻСˡʵĴҲˡ
ܱȣ
ȻܱȣТ޹أȴͬ
Ц˵ֻǵýʱһУκ£ȻԽļΪ׼ΪĽʬ̳һļ䣬ͬʱ̳ǧÿһļ䣬ߵļ䣬ѡ֮ʹôļͬһϣΪһеĽ䣬ȻͱСˣ˵𣿡
Ϊʲôֿˣ
ҵһֳۣŰʡ
ûȰѾǨ͵ؿ˵ѽֵѽⲻǱҵȻԼֻǱǸˣ
ɾǻˣҲȻǽֻǴӽʬŵػѣ绹ˣ㲻
һֱ
һ߬סҵĸ첲ú޲ᶼˣֳҽ˵ֵ֮ܰǰҲ֪ǹҵʹʵ̫ǿˣҲòӣֵܣ֪ˣԲסǣҰɡ
˵ֳ̧ŵ廨ʬһָ˵ȻҲ֪⽫ǹʹǿң㶼޷ѣֻܷӣֺαػԼĳأ
⡭
룬Ĵʬ˭ǽµܺأ
΢΢һЦֽ˵䣬¹֮սʱΪµһͽȷ˽֣ɥɳ˷ʬӢսȴΪϵӣ˳̼죬ԹűѡУŮɣΪ֮Ů¹֮սΪЭ˵УϧԼò컯Ϊħ˭֪սȴħ֮ŵĮ֮սʱŮɻŶĳ޶սȴòزҲ˲űѡгΪʬһԱӮҲˣһŮɣղȲŮɣȲԼļˣۿŰ˱ɱշ߷߶㿴ʬ񲻶һͬǲҲǱס˶ѣҪָȥֽǣֺαȥأ
һ˵꣬綢ŵϱ廨ʬĬ
Ĭ֮ڳ̾˿Ű˵ûа취ܾǣ
ôһʣüͷΪѵ˵Դ˱ѡʱʼͱֲػǵʹУʹһУ͸֮ǰһ֮ǰһģҪǣֻн˱ֲʹУȴһ㡭
ΪʲôԻңһǲˣ
㱾칬һ֮һϹ٣ϵа㻽пԭǲǡ
̾˿룬ͻȻϲüңЦЦ˵䲻ܣ˵ľа취
ȥѽ
缤ýȴҡҡͷ˵ûõģûܹҵֻҵκˣҲõģҪֵʱ򣬾Ȼˡ
⻰˵꣬˵ͷҲ˵ͷϾһ㣬Ƕ
Ȼľ˲¾ʬ⻰ҲֻʱãתͷңٺһЦ˵ֵܰ˵ˣ㿴治ָѽԭ˲
ԭ£ȥүİɣ
Ұһۣû뵽绹ǲģꡱһ¾ͿҺȾͿʼޡ
޵УҲɵһתֺٺЦ˵磬ǵԭǲǣ
ͷ
˵ðʵҪԭҲУأȰ£úˣȻԭˣĲã㣬ҰĶȥĶȥ
У˵һһټа
͵˼ͷͻȻʣֵܣ㵽ʲôѽ
żһ֪ˡ
ЦЦֳʹ˸ɫЦ˵ȥԽԽá
ס
سգۣ͸Ͻܳ˴
ûһĹʹķѳһӣҲûİæ֮£Ͱ廨
һһʣֵܣǸʲôҪһٳǲðסңֻܴˣҪĻһ֣µģ
ȥүİɣ㶼ǵ֣
̾һۣһ˵ģǲǴ۰ɣ


1118 ټ
⼾ڣȻȵܣ²仯Ƚϴһҹ磬ˡ
ǰ廨ѵһ˿Ҿӵſǰ·ˣֱ֡
Ⱥ˵ʲô˼˵ҵնŮʬ𣿡
ѽǵնѽ
̾˵ͷԱһȺ׹̽Ҳ̲ס͵͵ЦΨСΪ򶨣һɨ
С㿴ɶѽ㲻ѽ
С㿴ƺеˣС㵹һЦмƳһ˵ʲôУʲôû
У˲ѽ
ǣǼûôСģ
СҲˣںһ֣ͨתߣɸҪʱ̫ˣС̲ס˻عͷָһŭ𡪡

Сһ£ΧΧ۵һȺ׹̽ڳȥһͨߣߵҽС
ʵƾôӣҪѣ˫һҲˣɹΪ֮ǰĶһְֻڵϰˡ
׹һȺ˴иСʱŶƣ֣ҹ
ϾҲҪ֣С׹̵һȺæʱҹΪŵ㡣
˶ҹʱʱҲѾˣҿ˿Ȼʮˣʱأ˵Ůʬ滹⸽Ļصʱ򣬳ֵļӦġ
Ҷ׵Աߣ̾ЦǺ˵簡ɱҶҪŮʬɾȫˡ
Ϊɶǵأ
һۣû˵ֵܣ֪֮ǰЩˣҪҪʹвУ
ǣΪҪŮȻʲѡˡ
ҺٺһЦֽ˵𣿵ڷŮʬ˭ңƫƫϲ
Ľиǽпɣ
۾ֵܰҪҵնŮҲУǧҪúöһһһѾͷƬӳզ죿
˵ڷˣ粻ɵش˸սŵֱ졣
Һһ֮û̾Ҳҹ
Ͼʱ仹磬˵ˣƤģҪɲףҲû̫¡
ҹϢһ֮һЩģ߳ۿʮѾˣ˹ˣŮʬ廹ûг֣ѵ˵ж飿
ʱСȴصس˹
ˡ
ߵǰС㹧سҹֱȭҸϽ˰֣ϾҵδĸﰡĶܴ˴񡭡
СЦЦ˵ˣʱһֱæڰټ£ڽһĶ˽õǲ֪࣬
С㻰û˵꣬Ѿ΢΢һЦش˵̣ɣ
նôһ˵С̵˵ͷҲû
ˣû䣿
Сʵü٣ңȴ̲סҡҡͷ
̣һս֮ʧȥ̫ĸ֣ܶ൱ʱֵǣ䲻Ҳ֪ǻ
̾˿ֽ˵䣬ҺүҲרֹܾ̽һš
ôΪ
һ˵СٶȼҸϽ˵ͷֽ˵ûȻһսѾΪأļʼûУϾͬĻˣԹЧأ
ҲôģôʱȫûκεѶֻȥأ
ۼСɫҴңĽŹУȴҲֻⰲο䣬ûбİ취ˡ
˵үȷʵᣬŵĿԣվܿƵ˵ģ޳˭˵׼أ
ۿСɫٶûֻò⣬ʼҸĵĻ⡪
Ụ̋飬ȷʵû̫ϢҲһ¡
Сɣ
С΢΢һЦһ¾Ҫתƻ⣬ǰ۽ǵ˲ֽ˵֪ʲôҶ㡣
̣֪ôܾС㡭
ң֪
һһڣСȴֻҡҡͷոջ͵ɫٶû̾Ϣ˵ȻΪ׹̵Ĵ˾٣ħϣ֪Ҳ٣׹ģҲǸβܽħ͵İ취ѣ֪ʵħϹȰ
ǣħϾǾۼɵģѵ˵ûа취ٽǷ𣿡
֪ûСУ׹УҲûκεļء
С㻰˵ʣѾ˵ˣѵ˵ѵ˵Сľͣľûо
ʱСҵļ˵СҲҪ̫ѹˣ˵ȷʵûҵ취ܾȻС㣬ûа취ϾҲȫûаɣʱǷ˴׹ǰĹżأҲҵõķСȻǡǽȴǿ⡭
Ϊĸ׵С˵⻰ҵĺ޲Ѿ˹ȵס
˵ܹСĻҲֻһˡ
˵С㳯ɨһۣȻᡣ
˵Ů
ûŮŮΪϹĴʼ֮ˣа취ħֽĻֻеķ
ҲһǣԲһֱͼҵŮʬ塭
һ˵ͻȻ⴫һҽС
ѽѽ
ǲҽһģһض⡭


1119 նǿ
ǶȵһİһʹԱߴһС϶Ůˣ
ԣǿȥ
һʱ䣬ڴϢ˶δݾߣһʾ׹һȺ˶ȱ𶯣ֻаԼǸϽ嵽ſڴҪһ̽
ſǰʱȶѾøǸϽſĵһʱס
ҹĻ֮£ͼڵϵϣһ׺ԲĶȷʵڶݺݵĶ⣬ȴôǽСŮ

Ȼ󲻹Ƕ⣬۹ҲǼö࣬һ۾ͿľȻһݺݵض졭
ɶأ
һϳǸϽ˹ȥǵֱ֣ͣǴʱģʱίغʲô˼ֵܲˣ
ֵܣǶȻûɶ£ҲŸ˵ֵܣǶͳĹʲôҳֵܵҪ죬Ҳ䰡
治ǸҲһֱģһ𣿡ί˵
ģģǿûôģҪɱǵʱˣ
Ҳ֪Ϊ֮ǰ
վΪֻǺȰģǽȥ
Ȱһ֮ҲˣҸϽ˵ˣȻûˣ۾͸ϽȥɣһŮ֣ôŵô죿
˵תҹߣҲϽ˹ûߵſأͻȻԤ׵ؾžһһضѴӱ
ÿɱ֮ǰҪöˣһҿʧȥģͷĻûˣҶסˣô
ŤͷʱûҰѻأͻȻԭء
ķһžһ󼱴ٵϵĸίվһء
ϵģǸνСЦݵСŮֱضЦһЦһ˫Ķ⡭
Ȼˣ
һŮĴϲǰȥҪץҲϽΧΧȥýƾҪˡ
˭ֻ֪ôһˣû˵ŮأŮӰͻȻԤ׵ӰһΣȻƾʧˣǼȫѹϡ
ȥץ
վȥ׷ȴס
׷ˡ㿴ʲôطܵ𣿡
ôһʣεҡҡͷ
ҸϽֻܣȻŮûˣٵͷһ磬üһȻŮһͨӿɴòᰡˡ
Сɲа
߹̾˿ֽ˵ȷʵܰŮǣŮ֮ʬϾ̫ƻˣȥǸû취ץ
ϾΨһķˡ
̾˿ֳĬһִֻ֮˾ͻصҹ
ûİ취ֻܵŮٶȳ֡
ɹǸոհŮŵ˵ԵʣôһȣֱӾ͵ȵ˺ҹӣֵַӣСضĶȫûκ;Ůûٳ֡
᲻ᱻǸղһţˣ
˰죬ȻЩͷˣ˵ҪȻǷƻɣҲѾ֪Ůȷʵڳ۵ѣڵҲ
вͨ
Աҡҡͷ˵ֻһʬ壬Ҳǵ֮ҵҲƬ֮ٴʧǰôץأ
һڣٶȳĬ
ֳĬһ֮һϽȥ
Сȥʲô
һܳȥ˸ϽҲ׷˳ȥҶڹ·м䡢ںбɪɪǰ˵磬㻹ǲǵã֮ǰڷʱŮʲôʱϲǰ
ôӣҵȻǵá
̾Ϣ˵ģҲ֪Ѿͷô£ÿϲʱ֪سڲҿ͸Ů̬Ƶġ
ⲻͶˣ
һ֣ϲЦ밡һڿ֤Ůȷʵڸڶ֤ȷʵܹŮأȻǵնȻ
˵ʱһ㶣˵ССӣʲô˼
ٺ٣磬ίһ¡
һ˵һߴ޶һë۵ֱлҰëһЦǺ˵磬鷳ϸɡ
ޣΣ
һһڣٶȵ˵С֮ǰȷʵԲסǣǣҲôҰɣӺôҲǸ·мôʺΪ˹˽ǲǣֱɱңɱңʿɱ裡
һһһʱҾȻҲû˰취ȻҪǲˡ
ɾʱԱߺٺЦ
Цʲô
Сϣа취
һ˵һ߻ЦžԼǰǴë￪ʼͣһ֮ͳһСֽ
ʲôʡ
һЦһգ˵ͶĥķۣԺá
Ͷô
զģ޾Ͳżأ
˵Щ˵׷ɱң׷ֵģʱ򼱻أʺ͵ˡ
˵ʱ㵵ûһѾ߬סͷͶ۴ݺһ
磬ͳ˰ɡ


1120 Ůս
Ͷʱ绹ûӦǱקͷקˣáؽһһţͶȫ
Ͷ۸ȥұ̾˵ѽСѽôô嶯أҰѻ˵ѽ˵ʺ͵Ҫʱ΢һ졭üһһˣĻҲôĸ°
ܲǶˣ
Ұ˰֣ǲΪȻ⻰ֱӾ͡쮡ˣ۾
ǿûкҩҲˣתҹȥ˭֪תĹͻȻһСšͼסĺӡ
һקյڵûأͼ廨͵һһپס
˵Ҳɣ
ûȷӦݺһ¸ˣ֮ͷŻһ߸ŻһҲ˵Ҿң㻹ͷɶ
ϻճһİͶۣͷϽզ͵ȥ
Ż˵޳ܡǳǰ
µᶼˣһ죬žҹܣǸϽ׷ȥο˰Ż絹ǱˣڵϹЦֱ
ˬʵЦֻʮӣͶסˣȻҩˡ
Ƕ͵ʱʱʱһ͡ؾ죬ԼҽҲ֪ʲôĵǶҿˣ°ԼҲĵ
ųӰɣĵ֮У𽥴һ
žžž
ҲһϽԵİʹ˸ɫС˵϶Ůˣȱ𶯣ִݾߣ
һ˵һС̽ͷȥüһͼǺںİ·ϣ͸һ㡰ӡƵģǵһͰᣬǻƳȳȵһƬ
һ˿ҵʱ˿ڵΪϰӰȫû˺ֻͦñֱģ׶û취ȫȥֻܰţƼ졭
˳кƫ²ɫٲһкǧһֱǧߣǻƺ족ŵҶۿˡ
ǰһȻŮˡ
ͼŮɵǰǴЦĿתضʱʱ̧һӣһĴӣһ߰һ߿ˣȴвˣˡ
ʱһ˵Сô죿
żŮȫ½ġ
˵ĹԭصŮͻȻһ䣬Ȼǰָּ̧ĸ⡭
˵ѽҰɣ˵ʲôʲôԹ۸Ҹɶѽ
ʵҲں棬˵Ҳ֣ΪʲôŮ˹ȥƫƫ϶粻أĶ˵ȥ
ʱ򣬾űԹ
Сѽǿɡȣѽ
ҲһʵС֣
𼱣ٵһȣٵһȡ
ҾѹӵȺʱʱӸոտʼһֱڰͻȻ˫һžһͰѰϵ˿
ͬһʱ䣬ûŮʧ̧־Ů§͵һ¾ͱסŮ˵ϡ
ץסŮˣ죬ѽ
˵ʱԼѹŮ棬ͣ͡һһ˲ּ˵嶼ǰгԶ
Ůվͨʬ壬΢΢һζ˾Ȼʧˡ
ҲҼˣһȺ˸Ͻ˳ȥûֱȥѰŮ䣬ܵԣҸϽ˵磬°û
İɣ
Ѿѵ̱ڵվվˣ绹ֳ̧ұȻһOKơ
ʱһ󡰶塱ȴǰҹĻ֮д΢΢һЦվѭķ׷˹ȥ
ҽ͵͵Ůʬϰ˸ҿһҪŮץס
ôһ˵˶˸ɾʼǰ壬Ҳ󣬴ӵҲײײسǰǰʱһƨʺ̣͸ϰ˸Ƶġ
֮ǰ硰͵ϮҩҲˣܶܲˣϽֻǰסƨɣǰ壬һ߳һ߸
ΪҩЧܵöаˣһһ߶֣һĹҲˡӡ
ǰʱͷһ̲סһЦ˵ѽܸܲүܣһ˰ӣ󣬻ܵ

һȺǰ׷ûãͶԽԽˣȻʱȴƮȻŮʶصƶΣˡ
ʱСһ¡
ŮܲԶҷɢ
ǣ
С㻰һ䣬ֻʮ׹̸ӦһԳ˷ͷɢ˹ȥ
˵жЧһȺôһһͽǴΧмλãҹĻ֮ǰϸһȻͼŮʬǰһСͬ
ץס
ûҵĻ£ʮɢΧ׹̸֣Ѿ̤źͬķǽھͳͬд˹ȥ
Ȼǰ漸˲ŸһأͻȻ֮һҽͬļˣѼͬһʱִӺͬﵹ˳һʱѪ𡭡
ͻҲһʱСͬӰȴСЦ
ֲҪð뿪ص㣬ԭΪŮ
˵¿ˣԭħһֱû뿪


1121 
ûǳͬȥͼһӰѾӺںĺͬ˳
û˳˦ּһҵĵ˳źͬ˳ͬһ裬ҸϽ˱ܡ
ôһ˱ܵĹ򣬾ͼħѾӺͬмܳͬһʱһϸһŮʬ徹Ȼħļϡ
С㣡
ۿħŮʬʹ˶ķǸϽתȥ׷˭֪СŸմܵϣ˫һΣӰѾûħ
ٺ٣ŮԸң
һʱ䣬һȺ˶ħ͵ĹƸסС㿸ŮڷϿЦ˵ŮݻʬʱҳԾ˿ͷұƳ֮ͼһ˵ʲôΪңΪ֣֮ȻǶѾǲ֪µˣޣҿɻļء
ħѵŮ˵𣿡
һмëСĵһ߳ϵСŭ˵ΪȵĿôգЭͬĲȥμ¹һսһս屻壬ֻ˳ⲻ֮ʲôȣҲǾ㺦ȫˣѵ˵ڻ֪ڸģ
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үһ˵һȥ߳ûԶӴĺͻȻһ󼤵ؽŲ
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1126 
ɨΧЩಲȻϵı鶼ɷģ˿оһҲǵˡ
˶ʱ߳ˣǶʮˣǸһòСбۣұСŸСͣɱмһЦеģҲͶʮ꣬񿴾֪ϵﻹһԺҡ
߹ʱû˵һֱߵүǰ֮ͻȻͣͷǸҵ˳ү˹֣ЦǺ˵λүɣڼˡ
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ֳɨ˼ۣĿҵϣЦǺ߹֮ͬ΢΢һ˵λ︮ĸɣ
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үˣ˼ǣЩ˲ǵˣħˣԾͲᱻħ׷ٵϢҲͲħˡ

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߽ʱǰЦǺ˵˵ͯӾתƵطÿһ֮Ǳŵģ԰ȫһǷģοͯӵĵطʮܽ磬ΣգҲԼʱߵĵط⡭
һ˵һߴǰߣͣǰһǰ
óԿ׿ƿʱ洫һͯĿ޺̾˿˵ڿ޵ľӣһֱ޸ûꡭ
ү̾˿˵Ҳѹ֣ӵԭͱϾǹɽɽħ𸲸£ǱЩӸ׸ܵŨĲ
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1127 ʬ
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1128 
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Ͼֱʩǰһ̸ЦЦ˵Դ︮ͲԼˣѾ˸ˣǽһҲֻŶȹΪ︮ƨ鶼ˣ˷˻ʲô˼һ𽻸︮ˡ
ϰףΪ︮׳һУίˡ
үڴϵİϾƵͷ񣬰ϾȴЦ˵һ׸ʲôһҲǸˣΪ˱ͯӶһ˿ֶΪأ
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ҳŰϾһڴϵİϾƶʱַЦ

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״壬ߺá

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뵽ҰģϾҲʲô˵飬ħ˵ǱȽƽˣȻһ仰ȴҵһ


1129 صķ
ʱ̵ǵ֮ЩֵܻӲĶôĵӸҸСүԣ󵽵ʲôɽô˵˵˵ԼĿɽҲﲻΪĿɽħ壬ħ峤
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ֱҹùֿħĴ죬ȻҪħ壬Ҳ峤ԾӣһֱǶʦ֮󣬽ɽŴҡ塱ҹùȣʽΪ˸ɽħż̳ˡ
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˵һ£ЦЦʣһж㻹ڶΣԲԣ
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Ŵ򿪣ķͼһŰɫźһźɫڿңӦطţյķмλãڷһӵĴӣ
үֳ̧һֶָ˵ǾһɽڵĵطֻҪͯӻ鷨ǾͿԴ·ˡ
˵껰үй׼Ӧ֮÷̨󵱼ʩ䣬󣬾ͼǿתƯŹâڿȦ֮ˢˢؾͳϾɹӵӷ
ֻءһŹâɽʱը̳⻪ĹâŸһʧȻһ̫ͼĹ⻪ѾĵӿͬͷһƷ̫ͼʱһڵϵ̫ͼһ̫ͣ˫ͿʼڵƵתһӵĿ޺Ǳﴫ˳
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үһͷŵĴʯͷ˵أϽ֣Ǿǰȥ
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ү˵ˣΨһѡ񡭡
Ǻã︮ĸ飬ûκȨСӣ·Сİ
үһ̾˵䡰֨һͰӸӸ˿
ӱƿһ˲䣬һˮīһڰײӵĹ⻪˲ӷ϶֮һкǧת˲֮Ѿġ
ʱүҲѾӵĸȫƿ֮оͼһŴ۵ؽ˸ڵǿ֮⳯ϸһڷľϵģȻһѣӲӵļ
Ǽܴ󣬶Ƶü侫ͬɣཻγ˸һֱͼУϸһǼβϸ֮ܿ滹ľۡצ·ֱܾ׼ؿͷͷҧԼγɼյԲ
мཻĵطһöԲι̶ťͨʽɫΨ̶һťȴǺڰ׷̫ͼҾԹԵһֱͣתš
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ǼĽ֮ӳ˶ʧɫǼ
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ԣ˼ԲӲ䣬ˣЭޱȣǣˡศཻϹؼްֵ֮ͬ
ү˵ʱǺӵĿѾӵǴǰѽɫļ֮зġ
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үһ̾һ˵һǼظôһǼĿ𽥼ˡ
ʱүֽ˵֪һֱҪ뿪ΪǳֵܣǲܷߣΪ˱ǣҲ֪һֱǣΪһֱøֲ˵ֶĥǣҲ޿κΣΪֵֻܼϵ֮ڣʱˣǿ뿪ˡ
һ˵Żүһָм̫ͼťǡһǾһťүһȥťӼཻĽɫ̳һŽڿն𡭡
ҫ۵Ľڰ֮һ裬Ƶģӽ֮ƵƵ֮ԼǵҶŲ
žʮӣǵǰ׹غһâըɢСѾڹ⻪֮ڣ絥ϥڵء
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ĺǣӵĲϣͬһš
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үһڣڳʵĺ̹ɵص˵ͷǵүһ߬סмλãתҡ
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ǰκ鶼޷Ԥƣǵг̡


1131 һͳǬ
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ظںδܵظһԡ
Աߣվһ֧ΪӴĶ飬ʵֻվжڵõǣ͸һȺڷȥ̶ӬƵġ
ظ֧ǰ棬ͬһƥĸͷ֮ϣϲ롢ң˾̻һԡ
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С˵ɣǺֵܣɶԸޣɶԸǶһɡ

⻰Ҹޱȸжǽ§ļ򣬴ս˵ӣҿү˵Ҳһȥԣ
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1133 ޵ͻϮ
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ҸϽѭķһһʱĵľϲ
ǰͼһֻźõı̬лԳٸڵϣһְֻţһֻ߬ſʯͷžžľһͨңѾѾٸҵöˣûͣ֡
һ߷ңһߵ֡
ãzuangװȣãzuangװȣҿεشơ
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1135 ֮
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һҧطĳֺٺһЦüë˵ˣѾˣ֡
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ʱͼС㻺β򡰪tӔbodanײòҽҹ˹ȥһӡtӔӰͻȻԼͶһʱӰӵľβһͲס˪tӔ֫ͨһtӔףôӵҲûܻؾһͷŪtӔĿײ˹ȥ

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ʱҲѾŸϵֺɵǰ˸һ꺮ů
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һͻȻҲ֪Լ˵˻ʱһתƻ˵һںͺĴյһɱȣȷʵɱ裬ϾҲǶǰĳˣҲѶվô֮꣬ҲܲЩĳޣͻˡ
˵ɨɵһۣЦЦ˵ҰҲѾͨˣһӶڳ֮Уʹѽ
ɵ§ŹһЦ˵ͷͷҵĶӣ˶˵ãҲͲˣһѰ˼ãҸŴһԶˣҲи
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1136 ˮ
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һʱһӳ·˳һγû䣬ͻȻִˮɿ
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1137 
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ʯѺˮﶥǹﾹȻҲҧų̥ű
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ʱҵﱻ麣ֲһŮָף˱Ϲļ䣬ʧر߻ûΪһֻ޴ֱ꣬͸ǰֻųĴڹ࣬ͬҲξ޴βᶯߡ
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һ䣬ɵӻӶ˫һ˫ȣٶžͳˮһĹ˹ȥüһǡεǽһ죬öϡ
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˭֪ʱͻȻͼǹͻȻֻסɵӵֻϵƤڻƵģȻʼԼΣܿ˫һͰɵӸУ˫ֱ۱εͬʱǹ˵Ҳڷ޴ı仯ǻһȦֱȻΪһֻ޴죬ǹ˵ͷͼһ˫ͻȻ󣬾Ȼγһž޴


1138 ṫ
ۿͻȻͱһĹ˾Ҫ̽ȥһ¿Ż˵ǡ
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ֱʱҲѾˣѹֻڶҰҪһֱڵȥģȻΪ˰ڵˮڵĺṫھһؼյˮҺ类ץ¶ѨʱŵǹȳζҲǴ޴Ĺġ
ʱۿų־Ҫ˵ǺṫǰʱṫͻȻԾ޴β͵ˮһģžડһһκˣһˮгϣһҽУѳָĵ÷˵ϡ
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Сǹ꣡
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1139 Ů
С׺ĽмƣϸȴֱС׺ĽҪӵĵ΢ϸ
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ͻȻһ˵ʱͷұİɨһֽۣ˵磬FֶΪʲôҿɲǵμӹɽһս
Ҳ֡
дȻû֮ս֪ͨҼǵFֶϲսĴʳˣͱ˼׷ɱˡ֮սʱFֶƺû¶һ棬Ϊʲôأ
Fֶʺѽ
Ʋ죬ʣFֶʲô
ҲһֻϹʱŷɥĶް
ش˵ϹɽɽϵɽΪɽһɽǵ¹֮սʱƵַ֮ǰ̲ĵط֮ǰFֶһֱɽռɽΪ˱ԣʹɽ˸ҽӽ
ں걳ϵŮûҸϽʣΪʲô֮ǰ֮أ
Ƶɽ̲ʱΪգ¾ʿɽھɺΪڳ֮ˮΪϣ˭֪ɽ֮·ǵûȪˮҽһ𣬶FֶУһϣƵ۴һսһս»Ƶ۲˾ʿǧԱͽ٣ջƵ̽һֻռɽΪĳ˶ޣ˴ŭʿΧFֶFֶѣԴ䲻Ƶȴģ¹֮ս֮䲼ϭĵɱFֶ񣬴֮Fֶûٴγֹء
Ϊʲô
㵵ʱںϵġӡѾƫƫ䣬ֻצ̤ˮʱ㲨ˣȴֻľڻצţû³
˵︮һҲ
Ůɨһ֮󣬡͡һЦЦţȴѾ˾κˣǸոӽˮĺṫٶȷˮ棬ŮſѪھͳŮ˹ȥ
Сġ
ŵһУŮȴüۺЦɫʱŮֻ΢΢һָΧƵʮֻľ̶ͬһ㣬ŮĺṫӭײȥᡱŮͷ㳤˲䣬ľѾںṫը˻
ṫ۵һҽУٶӽˮУŮɨһˮСƵǣͻȻһߣֽ˵С治ôǣѽ̫ʧˡ
СС磿
Ҳһ㶣ʣС磿С˭
ҵʻŮȴֻƲ죬˰˵ҲʣҲøȺ˵ԭֻǴ͵͵ʵΣһ︮УҲѹֻ˼䱻⸱ģˣһȺ
ô˵أ
⻰ɲˣ۾ͺСѾͷ˭أ˵㵽˭ΪʲôFֶֻһ𣿡
ʻһŮµľͷоҲһЦһ쿪˿ڣ˵Ǹ۵ĺƵġ
þòˣ˵ôһֱǿ
һ⻰㻹˵ң㻹Ǳ׽ãβǱӣ


1140 ȭɵ
⻰ڣȻFֶҲˡ
˵ʲôβͶӵ㣬ﲻǱӶѣٺ˵˺죡
ӴѾɱ˺ӵѽӿɾһ죬ĶFֶ͸ͷŸͷƵһȦ฾Сɧ
ң
ǶզΣ
ڣ
Ƕûڵ¶
ǣ
FֶȻҲǺǵģһԷˡ
һֱ֮⣬ıӦþˣҲ֪쵱ޣôô¼
ô˵һֱӻûϳԹһÿζ仰ҭðʲôӳԼƤ۾˵ʲôûٰ硢С㱻ӻǲᣬһ㣬벻С
һأȻˣ鲻ס˼ҶԷоѽھŸˣһ˸Ÿ˶Ķռ˰
һʱžߴﹾࡱһ໰ɣʮ˴䡢ڿ̣ǧйǻ۴ĸ໰ôĹֻͷ˸飬廰岻ˡ
û취˼ҿʼʱǾһģ˿ʼͣ£ûأһѾˣֱ޷졭
ǾͷFֶʹңͨӶɳˣɻǽӲϻ̲סˣáꡱһ¾Ϳ˳һˮһߺޣѽѽǶˣǶһӢ˼ǧִްܼһǶʰˡ
һ߿޺ֳұİ˹ȥ֡ۡһſޣûѽֵܶ۸ˣҲæһͲ׵ģľǵѽ
ڱﲻסˣһŭ𣺡ү죡ôҲֻϹޣ㶪ˣ裿Ķĵ裿˼Ƕ㿴˭ǶҲһ죬˼ҵĶɵѽ
һ˲٣ȷʵ죬Ҳɲ˼ҾѽͷΪɽϹ޵ĸ粢硢ָ˼һꡰ֣ǻҲÿѽ
ʱȻûΪһ׹˳ͨһˮ֮ǰȳǸFֶ͵ЦŮ˹֣˵λС㣬FֶãҵܻܵС¶λ˲С˹һʶ
һڣˮ޺
ˣ첲ˣļɧ߲ˣԼܵܶҪѽҵɺÿѽ
ˣһ֮ҲûֳھͷFֶϵŮʻ˵λС㣬Ӻζմ
ʵÿͿģŮȴֻ΢΢һЦһ֣˵ֻɽקʲôģڶ⡭
ѽҲ㻹Ʋү
Ҳˣͷһ§סĲӣŭ˵ֵܣһ
ʲôǸͣ
һֵڱ죬ǸŮ˵ι㵽ʲôˣӻûϽԱš
Աţ㿴ǵǱ࣬Ҳ˵
Ůͷˮһɨֶ˵㿴õ︮һȺ˾Ȼֻɽ޶ԸˣǶ˲ˣ
һ˵Цˣʣӣô֪ǶԸˣ
ǣѼӲҪܶԸõҳ㿴ոҪҾѽǿ¶Ѿǹʳˡ
ŮһЦģȻû˿ĲԴȴֱģȻû˷
˭֪ŮĻŸո˵ͻȻͨһˮ²˴εĺṫ꼸ͬһʱǰƿˮ棬ſѪھͳ
λǵ󣬶ҾǸ٣һˮѪڹֽžͳײһͷɨһۣûЦˡ
һЦŮҲЦˣ˵ôţ֪򲻹Ѿˣ
ûʱǳǺֱײͻȻ䡰ᡱһת꣬Ȼܿڵλãͷ˹ȥ
棬ں걳ϵŮɵһ£˭֪ʱһѾˮĵطƿմ
ܣ
ĵŭ𣬾ءһһѾˮд˳Ӱ
ͼѾûһĽףһˮɸ߿գֵĹѾ֡һ»óһ˽ǹ
˶ӣŰܣӿܵĶȥ
ϸ߿յһŭ˵͵һ˦֣͸ͶǹƵľͰĽǹ˦˳ȥ
ᡱһǽǹƿ͡һʵʵĿϣһˮ棬ɻûˮأֱӲ̤ˮ桰ڡؾ׷ߵټ׷˹ȥ
ʮĹѾ׷˲ҽӴܵ꣬һβ;Ȼ뱣תͷͷҧ߬סߵԴͷıϣ߬ǵĽǹһȰߵڽǹϵ˸ۣȭͷ߹һ۾Ŀ͵һȭ
ȥүİɡ
ֻءһһȭŴ۵Ľ⣬ֱҵòҽһ׵ıѣһΡءһֱֱˮףΧηˮҳһ޴Ŀն


1141 
ıӲȴӲ޼᲻ݵȭ
ṫȻ̣ȴ̲²һˡ
һƬƬɢĹˮеƯʱֻˢһǺṫûȳ嵽ǵǰһΰ׹Ѿ꿪ĺֱɳ죬Ҳ֪ضǰɡ
ʱͼڿնİ΢΢һЦ˫ǰӡʱںṫ㣬ƬȷʵӲɴݣϧ̫㿴ʲô
˫־ӡһɣּһһŷɳѾڿ
ɱѹѾλá
һЦ֮ʣͻȻءһ촫һص׶Ѿƿˮˮ˳ǵ׶̳ʱƫô̴˺ṫ˹ĺṫˮ¸˳˰֮С
ʱҲ趯ǵ׶ļˣŸոԼĵط΢΢һ֣ůůһЦ˵ǲǣǻҪ༶
ˣ
ֻһŨصӻĺṫﴫ˳ɵӺͳѾȺش˳ǵѺڱڵ׶ĺṫϿʼִЦ
ۿˮƯһƬƬĹףһոֵܵĺṫѾֹͣһ£ǸھͷϵƯӳɵۣЦݶ
һŵľͷꡰFΡſͷ϶Ѿ¶˾ŵı顭
һFƺˣɲᣬһ˵ôǣһǻ񲻲ˣ
㡭ǡǹ
Ů˰űô仰ʱһͼѾˮ׵ĺѾˮָק˳
ͼƴĴˮ棬ϵı͸ʺһȻקǳصĺ۵ģŭ˵Сǿæ̫ˡ
棬ŮǾõһƿˡ
ûӾȥѺˮϰѾʩչַӡˮ̳ʯӰѳˮﶥ˳ͰҲûţˮ֮ˮ˼󶴣ܿͰڵݴˮȫˣա
Ÿո뿪Ļأôǧٹ֡׺ޱȵĹɽħҲⷢ˳Ͼɽ·;ңԶųŹ·ȫǰĻòܸϵɽ£·Ƶĸ޵·ʱĻ֮Լ϶ˡ
һͨս֮󣬴ȻҲˣϵˮһˣ̶ƣ̱ڵϢϾǲϢ¸·ҲǲܵˣͦõһѾͳˡˮҲˣͷǸˮҧˡ
˶ڷôźõʱźƯڿеƯŮѾľо֮䣬ͼŮһӺ걳ûȽմ棬ֻľѾȻȻطɵĽ£˿С
ֻŮ˫ŵľֱһ˫жġЬƵģԣȡЬɷĶܷ࣬ɣľϵŮȫöƺľʲôĵӦƵֻҪһ룬ľͰ뷨ɵ˷ˡ
ŮϺµΧһתƣÿ˶ϸϸɨ˹ҿ÷ˣŴɨŮһЦʣŮ㿴ʲôأ԰ƱͿ
ǣôˣ֣оо𣿡Ůʮغһ
˵ŮƯƢǲСƺǲûʲô⣬֮ǰľ񡰾ȡһء
ЦЦʣЩ޶ˣܺú˰ɣŮʲô֣
вա
һʣŮ̳ѧ˹֣Цһ˵ɽħ塪ĭ
⻰һڣ⡱һĭҵû˵ɴŮȻ˵ˡħ塱ĸ⣬ôأ
ʱ絹Աһ޳һͷҲصز廰˵ôͰǺṫ㲻ǻǶأҪĻ㿸ߡ
ߣС磬˭ֿЦ
ŮݺݵһۣҸϽʣŮ翪Ц⣬ͦģĭͣˮ꣬ĭĭ
ι˵˲׼ֿЦ
Ůֳҵһۣһظ˵ҿɸ㣬ҰְֿǺᣬŲŴ㣿ŲŴ㣿
ţŮȱ˵Ǻˣ㣬һֱ˵С˭
һ⻰ŮøӰֲֻľԱҷ˵ǣ֮û˵ҲȻˣҲֱ˵Сǵɽħһ֮ô˰ɣ
Ů˵ʱһſ񣬶ȴѾ˳˼
ôأɽ֮︮⵽ɱķɽϸĵ˶ԣһֱڣүүҸĸԼùĸ֮⣬ڽħ弸ûκεϺ˻ڣֶԽħڵһЩ˽⣬Ҳ˵νġħ塱Ҹĸùʱ͵Ѿ׾ˡ
ɽ֮ʮʱȫûʲôħϺ˳ֹôŮеС˭
뵽Ҳһ
֮ͣǰõԼүᵽĪ


1142 ĭ
˭ΪʲôҪǡħ塱ҡײƭأ
ҳĭɨһֽۣʣŮ˵ǽħĺˣǣҲţħ綼֪ѾħһԱˣСǴĶðģ˵ҿǲһҡײƭƭӡ
СӣС磡
ĭһ⻰ˣǰһ㣬ৡһ¾ͱľŷɵҵǰ죬ݺݵصҰ֮ͻȻŴ͵ءߡһڹߣȻǺߵþеˣ鶼˳һ
ĭʱͺˣϽѽһվȴӿڴֽɾֲ֮˲ױ˵㿴㣬˼öˣ
ȫŮˡ
Ĩϵı飬öˡ
ҵĹѽ˵¶вУ㵽˭ΪʲôҪðǽħˣ
˭ð䰡ðأߣ
ĭû˵Ĺ۸ҿˣҽŵ²ŵľʲô
˵ʱĭͻȻһ̧ȣŵ²ŵһֻľ̡ᡱһͳҷ˹
ҸϽֽ̧סľ񣬶ֻʣһֻ²ľĭûպƽ⣬հһֻµľ߳ԼһΣͨһˤѽѽĲҽ
ҿûֻľϸع۲
ľϸľͷƬƴճĻľƵģֻ棬ؿһöӡµĺۼһӴ䡢צͷŤ·צϵãǽħıǡ
ɽéɽɽиıǴ죬ҾԲϴ䡢֧צӾŸֺݾߵʹͷ­Խħ׳Ƴ
ĶôӡŽħıǣ
ҴʧɫϽĭ־һǰɸɾȴƵСŮĨأĶпմѽ
ʱ˹ŵľӹȥ֮ϸһͻȻüͷɨһ˵СⶫȷʵǽħĲ١
˵ľ񣿡
˵ⷨ

ԡ
˵ͷľֽ˵ɽ̣ɽӡéɽ׻䣬ɽħ塯ϣóʦĵ￴Сң񡯡ഫħ嵮֮ǰɽΪʦ鱦ɵ鱦ҲǵĽħǰ֮һңǵ鱦ʦү̡̫ĻΪɽи߽׷֮һ
˵ֳɨһۣ˵ʦΪڣΪָ֪Ƿ䣬ĹָıǷľڣԼ񡢽ʯᦵʵͼΪ֮ʦ˵ɽ֮ǰɽ֮ΪصĸɽһʢĴ󱦿Ⱑϧɽʱ˵үүδɽصķаħ֣֮ݻɽϵĲر⣬ڲپķԴ˱٣ǿϧ
ǰҪǸɽЩûбٵĻ÷ֵָ︮ʹãϧ
̾˿¾ָ㣬⡰ң񡱵ԭ⿴СɵľȻôһͷԦңĵ⽵ħļ̳˶ãǰĭȻʹãѵ˵ˣĸǸɽħʲôϵ
뵽ҸϽ߹ȥѻĨĭקּҴ˵СŮ㣬Ǹħ嵽ʲôϵ˵ǸСҪ
ߣûأѾ·ιЩ޳Եˡ
ŮʮƲ죬һĨ˵ʵɣ㲻С磬СҲҪأھڹɽµأҪܻŵɽȥȻˡ
ɽ˵ڹɽ
СϵȺҷʲô첻ˣ˴ɱɽ׼ˣķﶪǽħˣҲǺѣǰ͵͵ӹɽһܳ·ϿȺôģǣû뵽ǻе£С绹Զء
ǰϣ
ĭ仰һ¾˵ҵȥϽ߬ĸ첲ʣ˵ǰ뿪Ĺɽ

ôأô˵ֻ˲ʱ䣬ʹӹɽµħ޺Уôģôܣ
ʻһĭʱһ£ͻȻ죬ôʣһҲ˵ˡ
ι˵ʵ㵽ôӹɽģ
㲻ҪˣǲģҪٱңҿɸ㲻ˣ
СѾͷ컹ͦӲһ޳綼ˣŰֳͺ𣺡ιѾͷôôӲôʶ̧٣ԺǻҲѵģ
ߣҲҲҪиð
԰
ݺݵͷֽ˵ѾиðȻΪأ
˵ʲôе񣬻ҪѸ
˵ʱͼĭͻȻ͵͵ָɲ֮䣬ͼʮֻڿңȻš֨֨ӿи
Ҿ㣬ٲſңҵը˵
ĭƴҲˣúСѾͷƬ㾴ƲԳԷǲǣҴʵȻҾ͡
һû˵أѾʼѿˣɵҲļǵקԼĺãԱֱýߡ
մȥҪѣв


1143 F
ұΪŻŻСѾͷˣ˭֪СѾͷǲ£Ҳ͵һ´˳ȥ˲ʱһ֣ȻиĶʮֻľ̼ӿٶȣӭǾײ˹
ãСİ
ľ֮ǰͼʶˣƲŵôҸϽˣҺԻûսԼĽսףûȺأЩľѾ嵽ǵǰһʱֻžһըȻս׺ͻܵıǿľըòױըʱǰһĵѾը˺üĭҲѾûִܻǾͷꡰFΡıϣһЦ
̱ǹʲô¶ѣȻǾͱֱ̲ˡ
ĭһ˵һڱһקбڱһСקǰŴСĬģ˦ֳһŻֽСһӣءһһŰ̴Сðһֻһֻľȿֺ֨֨ؿʼСɣתۼĹѾоۼʮֻ
һҿŻˣ˵Ҳˣǿɲǡľ񡱣һֻֻġըѽ
ʱԱһѾͷеǸСҲһ
Ƿ
ԣʦĵϼǴӵƺǽħڶ෨֮һǬ
Żŵ˵ഫⷨв˼ŷ磬汾һޱȵĶռ䣬ռ֮ܽУһƺձʦʹõռ֮ͬΪǬӦоȡ֮˲ŵǬ
˵һ˵ôǸﻹôţıôȫû˵
ڽħԷţûô㶼ûϸԻ͵ʱ̣֪ƨ
һֽۣ˵һ˵ƳʱֹܵĴһпտնһоǸɽѧİ࣬һ֧ǬɽΪձŮϧЩԼԭͼֽɽʱүүٵˣǱ
˵ѾĭĿЦ
С˧磬㻹ЩʶǸľҷǿˡ
ȥүİɣˣôҷ
ֱ֣ת˲ֱ֮ĥֻΪĭһֵĹ򣬿ѾۼϰֻľѾȿֺس˹
⣬¿զѽ
զ죬ѽ
˵ҲǶˣһ︮һʦʦ̳ˣһؽһ׹̴˾һ¥¥ֻϹޡֻвǳħ¾ȻһƯСŮ۸ƨȾܣĶ˵ȥ
⻹֮꣬ң׷ʹ򡢿ըʱŮҲѾֻ̤ľִӾͷꡰFΡıֳǾͷһ˵ǻʲôأȺ۸̵Ƥץ
ĭ䣬ſѪڣͬʱһؾ㤹ֽ
û䣬ᡱ촫ʱѭͷһȻֻͷмͷ­֮˿ͷȻѾȺ֮д˳ȥڿն׷˹
ŵһУɵֹ˵ѽ˼ɱС׺ͶˣԼʬ
ʲôʬѽǱǾŸ
һ߸ƨɺͷ񱼣һ˵֪FαǾֻһһưۣ򲻵ѵʱӲֿ
һưۣ
⻰һ£ɵ־˵ǲԾһư۾һŮİ˸еģΪʲôǸĭģƺǡǡѵǡֵǡ𣿡
ˣһˡ
һһ˵˵Ĺͼ˵ɫӰѾᡱסǵȥ·
˵ɫӰһ˵أſȻǴFϷİֻۺֻ꣬ͷһһֻƺҲѾһȺľ׷֮£׷
ǵǼѽ
ʱֻľڰյĭҲ׷ڵ˵ղſô׾ͽ˺ṫ꣬һΪеأôһ¾ñ̸ʰ˰ɣٺ٣ԭ͵͵ܳģڿɺˣ˴󹦣ȱ̰ץȥС϶úýҵġ
ĭ˵Ĺ򣬾ءըӴȻǶסȥ·İֻۺ꣬Լֻƺ궼ѾûΡ
ֻƺ仯һľβһƯұȾβøٵĴŮһǰֻۺ꣬涼仯ˡ
Ȼˣǰ˸ÿŨױĨģ촽գü۵ļֱֻƺ껹Ҫ欲١
ѽFλȥ̩
̲ס죬ʱԱ̾˿˵ףΪʲôĭǡǡ˰ɣֻµľۼһ𣬰ֻһСľֻĸĸȾˣŮŮģϹǾС
ԭ
Ҷǰֻű¶ۺһθͻȻʼ鴤
ѽʱô⽨ѹֻƵ۷Ҫ׷ɱFأҪңҲ̲˰
²ʱһСȴԱ˹ɨһֻ˵СҲ˰ɣʱˣ˵ɣҪҪġ
С˵ʱͼĭµӰӣѾԼʼĶ


1144 Fֶ
СҪ֣ҸϽٺһЦ˵С㰢̣𣿡
ʹˣˣҲˡ
С΢΢һЦſҲϲĶȥҲһ񡭡
ΪɽٺСȥʮʱ䣬ֱԡŮ洼ƻòͣڵʱͣôǸʮС۵úܡ
Ϊĸ׵С㣬ɫСЩƣϸֱ͸ֿСƵġ
ҳСƲ죬ͻȻʣôˣ㻹û
ٺ٣̣
ҸϽعЦǺ˵Ҳûֻ׼仰
ǰץֱʲˡ
ֱҲУҾСѾͷƢ̫壬ʱ򲻺˵
İɡ
СһЦеӡҲѾɣͬһʱһҽдšɡһ죬ȻĭӰѾ˲ϣûĭӦӰͻȻסĭ˫˫֣׷ĭȫûзӦǰһ㣬ͨһˤˤһʺ
һĭ£Ƕˣ̧ͷľ΢΢һЦʱζ˫ۣѾðĺɳӭЩľײ˹ȥ
һʱһžرըӿдⱬըǰһƾֻעͻȻ͵һ˦ֲ֣ػڵС׺ᡱؾͻΪһ׹ӰڴֱܳŽֻƺ˹ȥ
ƺǼԷֻȫΪΣڿնС׺һΣҲѾûŮòû˫أβȾҵضžͼβ˲䱻һ׹ŵ׹ֱžֻ˹ȥ
βԭһиһЦ˵СɧΪźΪһ˲ʶʶһΪš
ǾͷFֶһֳɾŷݣʵȻ죬һ㲻Ҳ֪βǾŵ׹ȥʱֶֻдıըעһʱĶ˵ϾβˣǾֻаֻǹģ˭ܿ˾βģһʱȫɵۡ
žҽֻֻûܶ׹Ϯ׷׵˵ϡ
꾫㣡
βŰ裬ֻƺҲȻŭͻȻǰһֻ̽ûΪԭģֻۺ̻ΪɫǴƺϣΪ˾ͷһģβˡ
βҲFֶֻΪ˾ͷԼҲһΣڰ׹Ļ֮¶˱ĿͨѩױβĴ׺
ֻһֻŸͷһֻβͣۿžҪһʱСȴѾӲԶ˹
FֶҪٸҷ˿ɾҪùˡ
˵ʱСֻᶯ˶ָԼӰڵϵĭֲҽһζ챻Ӱ۳ɸˡ
СΣ
һĭΣգǾͷFֶĶ˵ϸβͷʱֻһβѳû͵һǰȥӰι׹ȻβһھҧסFֶĺ˵ϡ
Сȱɱ
ʱһźβûнݴFֶƤȥͣһ˫ǰצFֶȴԸ
ɴFֶǾͷʮֻ۾еȻԾβġû˿ĸм֮ģǺѾβŭضԼ߹ǣͻȻ䣬мݺҧҧ֮ͺ˵ǿҵˣȻҰȫʬΣǲú
⻰ߵС㲻ŭЦһ˵汻Ҹ¶ˣŮȻԼĻҪɣһжԲԣ
㣬ô֪
Fֶһ㵣СЦǺ˵ⲻѿ㿴ԼҲϣȻϵһƽĺǺŮϴŵӦһ԰ɣµûĻĶԲԣǹĽ飬ɷŰֶ͸ôϹŶޡ
㣬˵
˵ǺðھɱŮ
С⻰ɲǿЦģûأѾǰʼӡűִĭۿӰӾҪ֫Ťˡ
һ£FֶӲˣϽģǷĭ
ɨһۻܳһʱĭʾС㰢΢Ӱɵ֮󣬶FֶǰЦǺʣģûзֳǵ֮ǰǲɱ˵ģFֶҲҪӲˣ˵˵ɣŮʲôϵ
ȷʵҵˡ
ô򵥣
ʣϹĶޣƵϵǧκβ㣬ô׾ŮĻ
ɨһĭͼȻԼӰšסˣ۵ᶼˡ
ҡҡͷFֶ˵СŮõĵȷʵͦģ̫٣ôҲǸֵӣ˵ˣFֶǵĹϵô򵥰ɣ
ȷʵҡǣǱ˺˵˵ˡ
Fֶ̾˿ɿԴԴ
ԭϹ䣬ͷFֶɽƵ۵ǧӹһ֮Ϊ˱ⱻ׷ɱӴܣֻϣҸεĵطúУǺҲ£˴ʱڵ֮սûв룬ҲΪһħƽ֮Fֶŵ
ļǧУFֶɽרҵ£ÿһ˷־ѰһµľӣΪԼһȹˣȻԼǧǧʳԣȴջǺԼ


1145 峤
Fֶ˵Ӧĩʱˡ
ʱFֶڱһƧɽУǡ´ңһӰɽ·ײȻҹ俴Fֶؾʱɢĺ
ΪǶʲôɽе챦ͷߴǰȥѰFֶɽеĶ֮С
붴FֶƢȻ̣ǴͰѱǶ˳ȥ˭֪Ǵͷͳ컹ģFֶĶڷһѴҪFֶѬڶУȴ֪ϹɽʱFֶɽڵҽһ֮еģƾһѻôأ
Fֶڴŭʱŭʳ˵ĲбԣǴʮһս֮ŵǶӰɢӣͷͷҲھһ֮ò״Ųбܽӳɽ
ϧͷꡰFֶôһŻλͷѰͳ˧ƺǱų˲ڶ;У·һֻӲݴͻȻܳɫ꣬ŵһ´ˤԴܾȶ
˳һ˵Fֶ˵1650꣬ʱΪ˳꣬ǰɽͷѰԱͳ˧ж򡭡
Щ⻰ˣ˵Fֶϡ
ǴԴ֮FֶɽĳֻµĶԼأϾѾ£Ѿϰˡ
˭֪Ϊһβк̫FֶջǴ٣ǲ֮⵽׽ٵ׷ɱǽӹһ٣ϧҲֻʣ°ˡ
Fֶ˵ʱһɽҩȴFֶòҩΪFֶƣFֶǼһ
˵FֶͱߴɽFֶ֪Σǵصһҽ
λεʱڵѧգɽ˼ҽβˣ˲Fֶҽ֮ɿ˵Fֶһ˲֪ٴˣFֶȻΪμҵġ֮
ִһഫFֶɸμһ𣬶μ˵ҲͨԵFֶһֱĭְһԭȵӱˡ
ĭİְɽһúϰ壬˳ơʱżǮаŮǵһԡ
ܷ֮¸Լ˵ͷԡԼڰͨԵ֮⣬ҪľһֱFֶ߰æ
һĴУFֶѾϰμ˵ƫϲڼ˺üһԺĴᣬŻã˭ͷŹҧˣFֶɾͳΪЩȮࡰ֡еĴͷˣķԸ˲캦Ļ¡
ĭˣҲ֪Լϰ̫໵£˶ԼᷳFֶҲѾΪָĭС͸Fֶһˣ쳣ͶԵһһ͵͵һϼƣҳˡ
֮ĭFֶ£רܵĲƽ£FֶһŸͷվ̫ˣҲǵúܶ·ĵطȮ˵ħ֮ʿע⣬ҲΪĭŸǸ͵ʶˡ
ЩͶĭ׿ڸ˵ˡ
ĭвFֶȻǸõİ취FֶùΣҲûмⲻȫ̶򵥵һ³֮󣬼ǿܿǸϽ˳ЮĭFֶ˲Զɽ
ɽԾͰȫһˣǳŶɽϢĹĭ
ϾFֶѾˣĭҲԼＸˣҲҫˣʵʵ˵˳
ǣԼΪFֶҡУʹòΪܾ֮˵˵ע
ϧĵˣ˵˴Щҡײƭ֮˵ΪΪƽ¶ʵûʲô汾£ǶɱFֶʰˡ
ֱͳ֣Ͳˡ
ĭ˵Ͳ߾Ҵˣʱܵί׽FֶʱFֶսһ඼ûܽFֶ¡
˵ʱĭһۣͻȻ˵ǲĶôѽʱСҲǷFֶҹںһжFֶʱ͵͵Ա߿ֵҸץסˣȻFֶģFֶҲץסˡ
ǣô˵Сӻе¡
ҲɵЦһĥӦҲʲôˣҪȻֺαðΣΪϰ׽ħϹŶFֶأ
ʱĭ˵ѽһǿɱСԶˣ
Ŷһ㣿ʡ
ǾǣСɲøһҸ
ĭߡһ˵ʱֱֳۣͼ
ҲûãһŪϳȥͰˣõĲӣϾҲûӹ
кͯ߹ͯӴ෴ΧĭתȦͯӲϴŵĭֽŸ
¾ͼĭм䣬ϱһȦһȦͯһһڵϣɵĳѹء
ˣһͶöؿɲĭܵˡ
ĭԼʱǶ˼֮ԼҲʵʵʵĽ˵ʱС粻û˺ҺFֶĵĿǣʲôԣʲôǴʲôʲôҵ°ΪˣųΪ˽ħһԱ
ι˵ʲôħ岻ħġ
ĸ֣Ҹͷ˵СŮ˵Լǽħˣʲô֤ݣƾʲôǸ;ܴԲѵ˵Լǽħ峤أ


1146 ҵĴ
֤ݣǺǣҵȻСĭһЦ
˵ֻ˻ӣϵһ졣
û˼أĭ˵㲻ҵŪô֤ݸ㿴
Ūô죿˵
˭֪⻰һ˵꣬СȴԱһЦ˵СͰ⿪ɣϾҲʲôǵĵˡ
ԶԶԣҿǺѽ
ĭͷ˭֪СЦŲһ˵˵ˣһƿӲƿҡʵܵ𣿡
ι
ĭֱȣһҲǣǾͰĭ˼߳Աɵͯһ˵ȱˣת
ͯűתһȦһȦšǰתˡ
ĭ˶ĽϵͻȻЩʧ룬ҸϽ㻹Ÿʲô֤أ֤ǿѽ
ߣ˵Ϳѽҵѽ
ĭûصһۣ˵ŻͻȻתȥͿʼԼ·ӡ
ιҪ
ҵڡһ¾ͺˣһͬڳԾС㣬Ͻֻŵ˵СŮĸԱأҪ¸Ҳ͵͵ѽ
ȥİɣ
ĭͷֵһ֮󣬻عͷȥӣͻȻͦס˵ңҿɾǿһŶǡǿˡ
Խ˵Խ죬˵תȥֻס˫·һã˲䱩¶ǵǰ
ס
ҵﻰɵӾȻɵ˰˵ˣΪ仰ְһͨ
ĭ·ŵλʱҶʱסˡ
ͼĺϣһͼ
ԣ׼ȷ˵һͼǣһдֵĿ¼
ǰŻѵĻϸһɵصһϵһŵͷΣҶ˵һŵ֣Ҳڵŵ伮
Ŀĭ۲λʱһϤֳҵǰ
䡭
⣬ǸɽħӹʦŴб
̲סһ
ˣҾԲǴ
Ŀһţһ
˵ʽĽħʦŴУүү䡱ֵ棬ӦҹùáȡŶԣΪùѾ︮İʽΪ˽ħһ֮ˣҲ֮ùѾΪ˽ħһԱ峤ͷȻȻҵͷϡ
Ǵĭϵƻ￴үүֳڵڶУһֲֵҹùáȡ͡
ԡ˭Ƶģһͨ
̲סһŭ𣬱ҵĭȴһ˵ƣǵŽħĴҡײƭƭӵĻҪѽħ峤Լı֮ôΪ־ԴǼ뽵ħһǾѾΪħ塢Ϊŷһе׼ˡ
ԣĴУүү֮һ峤ӦҹùȲŶԡ
ֺһĭȴЦ˵ȣǣģɾ˵ˣȲ䵱ڽħ峤Ϊ峤ͷ︮ģ︮ϼС˵︮һȺµ˵ѣǸ飬ɲȺµ˵㡭
㣬Ǻ֮Ҳţ
Ҷĭѣ˵ⲻܣ˵ҹùò䵱峤λС;𣿲Ծ㱳ϵ϶û꣬ƴˡ
һ˵һ߿ʼĿӡ
϶ƴˣҿ滹ֶû
ιå
ĭŵһУ·عͷͺݺݸһͣҹ˰ϻġ
㣡קʲôѽ㣡˵ڱϣƨôأ
ĭһ·һͨŭ˵ǹռұǲǣ˵С˵һҲûЩ︮߹˵ɥĲ
С椶ûУ
Ұɲˣվǰ壬һ߳һߺ˵˵±ûоûУӲţҪȫ飡
ҪҪ
ס֣
ľٶĭŵˣFֶҲ̲סվǶݺ˵ñ̫֣˭ٶСһ£Ҹͬھ
һ⻰֣ͣͷһЦ˵СⲻǸЦأŵ˰ɣĵ¶ôóأ
˵û¶ǿɲҸϽĭ˻ȥϸһʣȻĭĿУѾòκõ鱨ˡ
ڽħ壬֪ͣƺҲ࣬˵Ļ֤͵ݣͳħᣬ
Ψһ֪ģԼΪ֮һЩˣҸǣҲȷʵڵġ
ǲô˵ͣܽĭôһĽħ;ԲǸ
С㰢ҲԱ߸˵ĭʩչĵȷʵɽٺѾʧ˵ģǡң񡱡Ǭʹ÷ҹùԼҵĸĸãû뵽;Ȼá
ҳ˼һ֮󣬼벻ΪҲͲٶˣֻһתĭ˵ιСŮ˭ͳħ崫˵⣬ȸһ߰ɣһһҪ㡭
ʲô⣿ĭʡ
㣬˵ǰ컹ڹɽ£̶ʱ䣬ôģı£FֶţҪ㿪;ЩħҲǼ׵ɣ


1147 ʬ
һʵϣû뵽ĭҫһ˵㲻ˣǲǵģߣ
˵ŵһۣ˵Ƕ·ϣ
⻰Цͷɨһ˵磬椶ǲײĲᣬãʲô͸ʲôɡ
лֵܣ
˵Żڳһɫǵģͳĭƽ˹ȥĭŵһ㶣ûȷӦأͼӺҲѾ˹ȥϵıһһåŵĭϽؿˡ
㣬ҪʲôǱ
ٺٺ٣СãǸ͵Ȳء
˴֣ƽ˵˵Ƿǲǣðھ㿴ʲô
𡭡
СѾͷȻ󣬹Ҳûô棬ֻôһŻȦˣʱFֶں̾һ˵ǲҪˣңҰСδӹɽġ
FֶһڣĭʱŭFֶѽҾҲǵɽġ
ˣͱˣǰ
Fֶҡͷ˵˵ˣС粻͵żأ㵽Ҳûʲôõģ˵Բԣ
Fֶ˵⻰ĭʱһ㶣͵ͷ˵Ҳе
۾ͲҴŲŵˣο˼ҵķ²ִ򲻹ܲˣô죿
˵Fֶӵվ˶ϵĻҳֳ֮˵СֲСΣģҪ뾡쵽ɽµĻҿ԰ǵæһҪ󡭡
˵Ҹæش
һ·ǲ׼˺СΣҵҰǰȫɽ֮Ǳ뿪ô
ⶼС£ҴӦ㣡
FֶҪ󲢲֣һԼɹҼò
Ͼɽ·;ңԶŸո뿪ûãѾÿҪˣһ뵽;ضиĹɽħ·ôܲأ
ҸϽFֶʲôŴĭȫġ
Fֶɨĭһ˵ˣ͹Թóɡ
ĭ˵ͷŲ鲻Ըְͽ˹ϵǬ˰֮󣬾ӴͳһСƿֵݸҡ
ǸޱȵСƿӹ֮Ҹհƿ򿪣ʱһŨʬƿƮ˳ת˲֮䣬ϢﶼŵĶѬͷۻҶθ鴤
ҸϽűʣιʲô㻹¶ôţ
ⲻǶ͡
ĭһۣһѾͽƿ˹ȥֲͷ˵ǲҪһأƭǣҾⶫġ
ⶫ
һ㶣ʱFֶԱ߷˵С˿ûƭǣƿװʬͣҲһʬͣϹ޵֬ʬ͡
Ϲ޵֬
һ㶣Fֶ˵ͷֽ˵𿴹ɽЩϹħһŰģʵǲδϻ
㣬⻰ʲô˼
Fֶ˼ܼ򵥡
ǰ廰˵ʵҲͷˣЩŮ洼ƻħޣȻϿǸˣʵȴûԭ˼룬ֻһ߾߱ԭʼҰħްˡ
ԣ˵Ĳ
Fֶٶȿ˵ʵԴһս֮Ҳ˲ħޣиһЩϹʶģȻЩȻϿ˼룬ʵȴľɣʶЩޣҶѾϵˣϵõģҲѾʧȥԭıԣֻΪɽЧɱ˶ѡ˵ǵЩµħˣһ߶ѡ
ߡ
Fֶ⻰˵꣬˾þõĳ˼
˭˵أȻЩħʬ嶼˹ЩħȴֻԭʼıԺȴӵԼǣֻɸڲǿ
ʱFֶֽ˵ʬͣһԭƳɵġЩħ˼άǻģζжϵңСԼͿһ޵ʬͣ͵ЩӵͬζſСεͷϽαװһֻޣһԣľƭЩħ۾
ҼϽʣôһ˵ֻҪЩץסǵƳʬͣҲԶܹɽħϮˣ
˵ʱҵ඼ŲĻôǵǧͻɽһõķֻҪЩǻɱʬƳʬͣȫܹ޵Ϯˣ
˭֪һ˵꣬FֶȴҡͷҵĲ²⡣
ǿ
˵ŻFֶͻȻצһϵëӲλƤ֮£¶һԶ׼˺Ǳ˴ӶϸһƵġ
ҴʧɫûأĭȴѾں˵˰ɣʬҪʹõ֬ǴFֶϸġ
FֶFֶ⡭
ԣΪֻҵʬܹͣá
Fֶش˵Ҹո˵ˣЩĹɽħͣȻѪ⣬ѪվԼԭѪ⣬˲߱Ϲ޹ͨζ˾ǵ֬ʬͣҲͬ𲻵ǵãᱻһʶơұϹޣԱЩħǱʶжΪԼˡֻҪҲȥǣûнӵضĹĻͻӶ
Fֶ⻰˵꣬һȻ
ʱͼFֶͻȻֶ˶ӣ˸ͷ­̻ΪɫâǷ˹ÿ˵ͷϣԶǸÿ˴һƤñƵġ


1148 ɽ
FֶͷһſʬɢĶĳζ֮⣬ŵһŨĺζ
ʱFֶ˵벻ٶȵɽ£ĻͰ˵ΪǵͣͿʬϵζټСεңΪƶߣҪɽʱ䡭
Fֶô˵ˣҲֻˡ
Ǵһ֮ҸϽְƿʬʹĭ˵˵˳û뵽ͻȻֵСѾͷھȻôæ
硢ĭǶͿʬͣɵӲɣȻҲһȥɽ񣬿ɺ˵˵֮ǱȰסˡ
Ҹӣ֪Ҳǵæ¥ϾвֵܵŵصȥأܲܰǶ²ܡ
ôһ˵ӲڰȻһǧһԸ⣬ɻǵ˵ͷ˵Уȥɽ۽Σ֮¥Ŵ󲿶һжֵܣͬȰǱȻȥǡ
Ǹ溺ӣʼҲǵĺֵܣۼҪȥģ˵ʱľǸɷԶŵСϱƵģȦˡ
£ϾһŷжѾǡ¼ҹˡˣҪչԼŮţҪչԼʧɢĶӳ£ܣ֣Ҫ¥ֵǣôһǰɽء
ӶµıʾһȥҰ˲٣ͿĨʬʱֳһԳ˼С㰢˹ȥ
ʣС㰢̣ҲһܲȥɣǶ֪㵣СİΣǣվ׹Ҫչˣ㲻߰
˵꣬Сֻ΢΢һЦ˵Сľˣ׹̵ĸ·ڣҶѾָε죬׹̵ж︮үȥûҶһġ
ҪһȥҸϽȰ˵̣һ̫Σˣһ
Сӣ˵ʲôһ
ûҰѻ˵꣬СѾаһЦҵĻ
˵Сӣ˵ģȥȥҾǻֹңԲ͵͵Ƿͷǰɽġ
̣⡭
С㰢ƺЩŭԥʱ˵ο˴ǰɽбǸɡСΨһŮ
ἰСĬĬĵͷ
׹̽һս䲻֪
֮˵ֻ֪Ϊǲûҵʬ壬һֱҲûеõİѶ
֮С͵͵Ĩһ۽ǣĿ˵һûûôڵĵطǹɽСҪȥҵŮҪȥҵϹ㣬Ұɡ
˵С㲻ʹʧ
̣Ǻãһ·
ҵ˵ͷ˦ֽеʬͣӸС㡭
ûõĹǼ˾ͶͿʬͣҲ⣬ϾҲħ֮׼ȷ˵ϹؼûޣϹħһڹ֮⣬󲿷ΪħͰ̳֮ûֱӹϵģȻҲ߱Fֶ˵ħϢ
Fֱֶͷ֮󣬵ûһֻԸͷſϾѲװˣϣħûʲôֱ𡭡
׼׵֮ðصİУѾ˵ͨʱǵĭʩǬľÿֻΪһǵĽ£͵ϡ
ȻϷɣңٶԶϾڿնǲɽ·ȥģҲΪǽʡ˲ٵʱ·̡
Ȼĭǣվǵġ²ϵǻûи⿪ֻFֶϣֱͯһǰһҲFֶĺϣҲòϵĭ
FֶĽ¸ֻľ񣬷ǰ·ںһͼFֶĭͯˣÿ˵ͷſһֻꡱǻ浹ͦġ
޺ͷǹ꣬⣬˿ڰжǲ̤ĭŭһ·Źɽǰ˷꣬һһҹûϢ
˶ˣó׼õѹɺͿȪˮԺȣˣǰһǣţӺվľϱۡСһС
ϲⲻ̫ý
ŷɽĵڶʱִһܣǷƺ磬һûϢ˾Щ㱣᲻
ʱǰͻȻƮһƬˮΪˣˮһ̾;˳áˮϴ˰ߺһ꣬һʱ갡
˵ʱͻȻɨľԼǰſڿϲء
ľһֱǰУһɫˮԶԶ˦ı󣬱һɢˮˮĺϴڵ硭
۶ֱˣ͸
ȻˣƵɲֹһʱŻĭ˵СѾͷҿɸ㣬ĺͷϿԣǾԲ׼ͷʺͷϣҾͷϡ
ſͷϵֻFֶûסͷϣ֡쮡ˣ׷ĭѿӣͷ˵˵űǸȰס粻ܶϺˣĵǰȥɣǿ·û뵽˳磬ȵ賿ʱ󱳶Ѿʪˡ
˵;˼ҷѲߵĹɽħĴǵƤӵķ˹ȥδ
ɵڶ賿ʱǻǱʶˣ˭뵽ɽĸԼ


1149 ǿ
СҲ˯ɡ
һһҹķУǸֽҲһܳŵס
賿ʱҵѾںҡҡλΣվЩվˡ
һϽ׷ԱְѷסңȻҲͬȦŨأǳůůһЦ˵ǶϢһҶš
һش˵Ҳһֱû˯Ϣһɡ
˭֪ȴҡҡͷֳŷǰ˵磬ҲϢһģҿţû¶ġ
Ϣɡ
һЦ˵̧ԼλεؼһģЦ˵㿴ǵӹǶ׳סǶЪţҾ䱣׼û¡
磬㡭
ֵܣǾͱˣͷš
ġûȳڣͻȻһȴѴб·ʱءһһҽУǰĻ˲ѳһƬٿ磬ҲѾҽűײ˳ȥ
磡
һһҹƽΧ·ħ޸ͲǣҹͻȻϮ˶ϣһʱȫɵۡ
챣ͯӣ
ͻȻС㰢һȣһȻѣϽߴŽµľǰȥĭͯFֶԣҲҺ˾ͯӵߡ
һС㣬ȴѾһľϷȥѭŸոб·˹ȥ
ʱĹҹĻ֮ͻȻһĵعֽûСȥԶһɫĲӰѾʣӭСײ˹
ȻʲôǹͷֻعֽȴҰ׵ˣһ¶棬ǽӭСĶӾײ˹ȥ
СҲǰ׸ģһΣգ̳ԱһôǷĹֽ֮¶˹ȥɻǱǹһͷײײõ˳ȥ
С㰢̡
һҽУײɳȥСֱֱŵȥҸϽͷһǵѾһƬïܵشֹ֣С㱻ײˤ֮УոҲǵ
ҹ۲ʱï֮ܵһѾǷɿҸæֻûӭס⣬ʱ䱻ײ󵹷һϵĻܣѾ⿳һĵۡ
Ǳˮ
⡱һϽֻͷŰͯӣȥС㰢̡
û˵꣬ոײС㰢̵İɫӰѾϿճ˹Ҳ˻ͷһԾ޴¹Ѿ˺ͷƤ˳һܣžડһԼĽǣӭסǹķǡ
мסǹϮϸһǾһƥⷢĿ
˵ֲͨѩҹĻ΢΢⣬ϸһѩ׵徹ȻһЩͨ͸
ϵëǻɫģͷһһ׶೤ɫͬһǿֵġ
ѽǲǲ𣿡
һͻȻұ˵ǲİ󡭡
ʱѾԷǹıϣסʱҸϽֳ˵ʲô
ɽ޲裬Щ
󾪺˵ⲕбܻ֮ܣռݴɽʱܱߴΪֽĤݣ豻ܣԴ˳Ϊ˴
ʲô˵ƥǴ
˵⡱һĶȥ
ҿɲİͳǧӮ֮սܿ۵ʵɼһߡ
ʱ˵ûȷǲ費٣ҵܵȻҲ֪ⲕ赱ɱٷħޡΪڽдģǶ޼᲻ݣѵõķ
ȻΣ˵Ĺ͵ĲѾӱϸ˦ϽζΣһһ˫޴ѴӱչҪİ
Ҳһֱǵңֻǲδ¶ˡ
ۿԼĵܵܳ˿Ȼˣɳȥֱ˲裬ֵ˲սһȻҲڶսĵǣɰͯӺĭİȫ룬Ķ뿪벽
ʱһЦȴµﴫ˳
СѾǺܾˣѵ㻹Ҽ𣿡
Ǹ
ôǺܾˣʲô˼
˲ϮͷüͷԴľȥֱֱɽ֡
Ȼ㲻ﻹҪ㣿
ͨһҴïܵ˵أȻûȴӵվֱӣȴһҽдԴɨȥȻֳֽǹڵϴء
硭
һУɻû䣬ͼһȻľ׳Ѿ˵ǰ߬һڵĴ󸫣ŻûͿȥ
ϽǹмܣžһǾ޸ȱסȻӵĺǹһṉ̀˳ȥ
ֳս죬û뵽Ҳ
һ˿Ҿȥæ˭֪෴ķȴһݴԵѭķһݴ߳ģЦĸ
һֻֽ߬˸ıˮһֻֽץСͷСȻѾվվֻɸǰһŲ
ſ
һŭ𣬻ּѾһ˺ͮͮĳņֱָ̀
û뵽ɿС㰢̣ɫؼЦ
ҸϽʣΪʲôѵ˵ǵй¶㣿


1150 ܡ֮
Ҫ㻹Ǽ򵥵ĺܡ
бˮ泯ָʱЦ˵ϧһֱηͷηβضһȺ˵ı֮£ǣݣͷڹꡭ
˵ϻ㲻ңҲ׼Ҫ㱨ء
ۺ죬ҵŸ˵Ϊŭ
Һ͸δȶߵļսȴԾɲڶɲô׾͵µģǵ£ҲڵһʱվƴҲѾսת˲֮ѾһţǹսȽӱû𻨵Ҵܣʮڵľ׷׵ء
ɻûֳһҽУѾӿ׹ȻǱ衱ӱϸˤġ
һҽŲļֽУĭͯԼµľͷѾ׷׹˵棬ڰʱ£Ѽ˽ס
ջĭͯ˵أһʱ䳯ſһγ䣬ľβ֨һͻһ׹ֱ˾ӭŲ˹ȥ
˭뵽ⲕٶȾȾβҪ죬ֻ޲Ƭ̣ٶȵСѾͷϵĶ͵һ¸ͨһˤ˵ϡ
ۿżȺ󱻻ҲżϽʰ˵Ųŵס
ǲð죬ʵǲôֻԼٶȿ졢ͷϵļǽʵҴҶѣֻҪһӽоۼͻ˲ɢ
£
˵Ҳһ㶣ʱһӿµİ׹Ѿеĳǹǰ
һǹУ̾˿˵ˣҲǲı֮һɱܻ𣬿ɱܵĸ˼֮ͨΪΪټϹΪٽдӳ֣˲¸ǳ֮ɳɢһл桭
ôһ˵ҵǰ񲻾ȫûˣ
Ȼô˵˵ʱŲ費ע⣬һһ˦ִֻΪһԾ
Ȼûƭң͵ʱͼֻͷͷǸһ׶೤Ĺֽһءһû壬Ѿڿ˲ըɢʧˡ
ܱ˵ֻҪӽʵͻ⻹ô
֪ôʱոձŭĲͻȻһţᡱһͳ˹üֱҿֻһգ۵ĹǲһѾ̵ҵǰ
ڰҲһԼҲѭҵķۿŲҪýǴ̴Ҷӣ̧һѾ߬ס˲Ľǣ͵һѲһקᣬǾһ
ȻסͬʱҲʧȥƽ⣬ֻܱеĲǰУûüԼƣͻȻǰ㣬һӾ˰ؿϡ
ʱһҽУѾըɢһŰ̳ź浹˻ȥʮԶǰ۳Ϊ˰ģȻšһԴı¡
һҼֱáǻû˵أһѾ趯бˮȳ˹
ͣҸϽгǹмܣһѪɫ𽻴˸ȻսһţҲòϣǴӽսľϻǴϣԼ׺ݳ̶Զʤң治ǵ֮սʱĵһ񡭡
ǿұƵˣҪмܲסˣֻľͻȻϢسǵķ˹ȻڲԶͯӵĭѾĶ֡
ȫȫ⹥ҵĸûз֣ǼֻľͻȻײ˹ȥһʱըһŨ֮УһϽ˼ʱѾ׺ݵسĭ˹ȥ
СѾͷһɱ㣬㾹ȻԼ
ݺҧҧ⻰û£ĭԶĲݴ֮ͻȻ䴫һ죬һѪѪӰѾͻȻӲݴ˳ֱֱĭȥ
СŮСİ
ŵһУǸûȰѻ꣬ӰѾ͵һͷ˵˻ûΣյĭ
ĭ˵ڵأſ˵ĭĲǱˣȻѪ쳤ë麣
֪ʲôʱ麣ȻѾָֻжȻѡʵĽʬ塭
С椶㣡
һŭ麣ſѪ¶۾Ҫĭĺҧ
ĭȻ;Ÿͷĺ飬ɹҲûмǰֳõĺë꣬һʱŵöᶯˣֻ׸
ҾúһȻҪĭȻѾˣ˭֪麣̴ĭĺʱĺȴͻȻ
ɱŮ
ĻȻҵĺãһڣ麣˾ĭƤֺֻĵطŸתͷȥ㵵ʣˣŸëͷСŮʲôãѵ˵ˣٺ٣Ư뿪磿
Ҫ˵õĵ
һЦЦû£Զȴһ֡
ѭһɨȥѾһ߷죬˳еĳǹһͰĸӸ˳ȥתͳŸ˹
˵㣡
ʱס˶Ĺ򣬰ҲѾһֱȡȻҪҰѸ˵
һ۾Ϳ˵ļƻҲûͦǹϴȥǹûȴиͨһȴԴͰѾԵˤ˵ϡ


1151 Ӱ
磡
ͻŵһǹҲɵס
ѭ˵ķһȥȻֻڵĹѾ˳ԽקסͰһȣ˰˵ϡ
ûأһӰѾӵһʮˣһ¶̾Ͱˡ
ʮ˾ȻһģһİСǹͷ
ˣҾ˵ԹԳһĻᣬ˰ɣ
һЦӵ֮ʮѾͰ԰˵ϣĹֿʼҺ˹
һǣǹһ߿ʼѣת˲֮Χ߰ʮ֮аΧм䡭
Ⱥ˵ҿͼʶˣĶи߬ǹѾƴһս׼ǿظߺЩ˻ãȫץġ
߰ʮӦһǡצͳΧ˹
ԼԼĺҲᵱĽ
ҽ߬ǹȻս׼ȻʱһȻѾӼ˵߬Ž˸ȭͷһͨžͳ˹
սһңҲѾûٶ
ǻ봹һӵ
ۿһȺ˵İΧٶƴɱĿ˵Ц˭֪ǿЦȴͻȻȻֹΪһ˹ĹˣѾ˵ϡ
Ц˲佩ϣһΰЩ˵ģɲǴӵðһֻֻˣһûʵӰӡ
С㡭
׹̴˾ڴˣֲſ񡭡
˵䣬Ѿû˵С㣬ѾŴӵվ˫ָѾ͵͵־
ѪСһЦۿŸ龪㵣һ˵ȷʵĸҲиɻⲻǱץס˻ᡭ
С˵⻰ʱӾŵصͷԼ˫ȣһ˫ҲѾԼӰӸס
ָʱɱ
Сһŭ硢˲̤ΧĹ˵׷Ծ𣬴ˢˢӭŸͷ˹ȥ
гǹһ˫ɫȭϳɫĻиͽӡָָ׹˸һԼӰţѾ㶼㲻ˡ
ԭΪһиΪЩ˱ˣǰһ뻹ɫŵĸһȴѾɫһ䣬ֳһĨѰζЦ
ǻû˵ǰͻȻͼ͵һԼۣûҪʲôĲҽѾԴ˳
֮ҸϽֻͷѭŲҽһѾŤص棬󣬰Ҳʹسŵȥ
ûŪǷʲôԼ˫žȻҲضһ˫ֱ۸Ҳʲôסһɣǹˤ˳ȥҲˤ˵ϡ
ô¡
֮УĿЦѴʱѭͰˤĵطϸһ˹
ϸͰȻԲһεĺӰס˵֫
ҸϽԼɨһֽۣͬǱӰסǺӰԼӰӡ
⡱һϽ̧ɨڸԶС㰢̣Ȼ˫е־ӡѾ仯Щסͷ˵ĺӰɢǸԵӰֽȥָԭλϡ
СС㰢̣ǡ
ҾŵسС㰢һУȴûеõС㰢̵İظϵɫҲ֪Ϊαľ
ʱһҽдںͲ輤սҲѾԼӰסһĲ׼ᣬ͵һӾĶϣߵõʮԶͣ
ǰͻȻת˶סΨЦͷɨһС֮͵һۣһ۵ѾȻȻر鲼ƬһںЩõĸ첲¶ǵǰ
Ǹ첲ϵãۡ
ҸϽ̯һԼԼͼõ¶˽һʹ࣬شϢš
첲ԭ麣ȴүʦܡһɡ
ڽһġʬɽկ֮Уһ屻Ϊʬ麣ȥ˽һ麣õ˽һʬһĵãһԾΪ׹̽ǰĺˡ
ֱٶãΪ˿ƹɽʬĺ֮
뵽ͷһͻȻ뵽ֱҲͬΪˡŮ洼ƻи޵ĺ֮ѵ˵
С㰢̡
һŭٿЦ档
СǱڽľ֮ģ˵ǡŮ洼ƻڵʵƷˣȻˣҴɽħ֮ǰЩʵƷҲΪֹʵƷȫһ֡
ȫ⻰ʲô˼ٶȾʡ
ͷɨһԼõֱۣЦ˵ܺ⣬ִ׹ʱáŮ洼ƻˣԻӵǰеļ䡢ԸԣǸֻ֮Ҫضס͸ǰûκ𡭡ʵھ̫ãԺҰʵƷıһ¡
˵Ѿ˹ӻ˵ˣָ֮ĹɽħǣȻҲǵıԡͼ䣬ǱģҲֻǱĶѣ㲻Ǳļ䣬ȫĨˣһЩʵƷͻøӵ


1152 Ŀ
΢΢ף͸¶ǹľݡ
Сʵ֮սʱҲÿˣġʵƷڱ֮ǰȴʲô鶼óᰴԼ뷨ȥ£ɲڴģŶҲŸĽһʵĿ㿴ڣЩɽħоֻһͷǾȫȫķҡ
Ǹ쵰
ô˵ңѾ˼ˣֺαں˵ʲôأ
Ц˵ֻ֮ҪֱҵҾܿǰǰŮ洼ƻʵƷٺ٣ɣ
˵ɨһޱС㣬ֽ˵ʵǿϧ
ϧʲôʡ
ϧ֮սһֱⲻȥЩڡʵƷΪ˽ǵķʶӶԼĵãȲѣһ᲻ôͰС¶ء
Ļҵĳ׵׳
ǰһս֮ȻҲɹС㰢̣˹ӡ̽Ϊһֱȶûκε쳣ǾȻʵƷһʵ
뵽ͷٶһѾ̲ס뵽һˡ
ѵӡ
һʣЦݱøӵˡ
ٺ٣Թžһ仰֪֪˰սԭŵƾ䣬ȻһŵѾˣһţҲ˸õʱˡ
㣬ʲô˼
ûʲô˼СǲڼǲѾᵽǿ˵֧ħжжµѰ࣬Ǻǣ治ں֮ڰ
˵Цдս˹˵ٺ٣С˵֧Ӵں֮ڡͻȻʧȥͳߣǻʲôأ
赽ʲô
һŭ˵˼£ǱͷסͶá
Ҫܼ򵥣ǵһֱ︮ĸɲ÷ƻĶԲԣٺ٣˵ȥܲϵɵӣͻȻɱĿǰָٺ٣ǻʲôľأ뻹˼
ҡ
⻰˵꣬һȻ
𻰵ͬʱͼԤ׵һΣƤѿ˲䣬Ŵ˿ѪһѾ˳˿ڵѷҲ˳
һֱײһ˲Ʒ˰ļͷˡ
ᣬ˻һͷͳķײ˹
Ҷһ£ҳӡ
ʳԶ٣ҿүȲŵ
£׿˵ȴһֱμģôŸȥԼľأ
˭֪ѾŭȴȻû˿η壬ָּ̧һȦᴵһڣſ죬ͼһ׹ѾѸײڶ֮ƣӺ泯ֱײ׷ǲ衭
Сı󣡡
һΣգҶ̲סȫǵĻǲ׷ײƺѾƴһ׼
һٶøٳһȻľƬ֮ɢ٣ͼԭصĸЦ΢΢һָɿ׷Ĳ裬ȻһתҾײ˹
ͬһʱ䣬ѹҵĹͷͻȻҵ˫ְҴӵǶ衱һͷͷöһ׶೤ǣӭҵĿھʹ˹
С
ΣգҸǶŵغʱͼһɨҲ˲ɫ
Сӡ
ۿǷǾѾ̵ҵǰҲɲٶ룬ݺݵһ۽ǰЦĸ֮ҲһΣͳҵķ׷˹
磬ļٵȻη̣֡֫ٶȴɲڲ衭
ҵһμܵô죬ֱӰֻһգ۵ĹѾŭų嵽ҵǰһһͷײҵĶϣײôӼͷ˵֮е˳ȥ
С֪ͨ
ײɳȥͬһʱ䣬ֻһŭȻû£ǲѾĺ󱳡
͡
ƤëΪϹ᲻ɴݣȻڻǰ˲Ǹ޼᲻ݵ֮¡
һ˲䣬ͼǴĺ󱳴룬ִǰĴ˹һҽУǲ͵ͷϵ˿С

󵹷üԶۿżͷ˹ҪץңѾûйôˣĿһֱϡ
ʱŭٶȴ
Сܣǻˣ죡
Ѫ˻˻УͰĭҲʼƴҪǸոڿһս֮£ˣҲѾٶȴԼĵܵˡ
ǣ˭Ȳ
ǲŭ˫ۣͻȻ͵һͷֻꡱһǴ͸һ˦Ƥϵ˿ڻøˡ
ʱѪ˺ѵ˿֮оͼһź̡һð˳֮оͼһӰ˸ٶȴ
ңǻޣˣҡ
Ļû˵꣬ȴѾһҽȡ֮ͼƤɢĺһҲģģӰҲʼʹŤ
ٺ٣ѽⲻѰ·𣿡
һԿֵĸٶЦ
࣬һҪɱǲףȴ˲ʲô°ܱлȻҲɢûεЩĻħĿǰѰ·
ڸ˵Ĺǿḷ́Ѿɢ޼ĲҽҲԽԽԽԽƮңԶˡ


1153 
Ӹƴˣ
ƴү
ͻȻ䣬öڿеһŭŭû䣬ͼ߸ڲͷƴһӣֻءһŶӵѿһŸΪҵĺȻ˳ϵ˿˳
һٶȿЦ
ɣҲ;Ӳġ
⻰˵ȻΪŻ˵Ĺ򣬾ͼɢḷ́ѾѸٵɢϸһͷϵǸǣѾһԵĹ
£ɢĺԽԽ嵭Ǻ֮дĲҽҲѾԽʹ࣬ʱҲѾһȺͷ˸ٶȰ
˭֪ʱɢǲ֮УͻȻһ𣬾һѩ׵Ӱں̵İ֮·ɴܶ
ǰӰһֱײת˲֮Ѿײʮͷ˳嵽ҵǰֱʱڿ壬ǰӰȻһֱ֮е
ϾͷβߵĻϾ̫˵עˣ˾ֲؽ͵͵ǣƿ̳˳
һ˲䣬ȻΧĹͷǶûзӦûȷȻһܵҵǰͷϵײҵĹͷ֮һھ͵סҵĸ첲˦ͷ֮ͰҴӵϸ˦˺ϡ
ֻһĹѴӹͷǵİ֮ײ˳ȥʱȴһŭǰ
ãץסǣ
ſϳǰһȻ麣Ѿĭ˹
ۿײԼ麣ͻȻͬҰһſ˵ϣ볯Ƿʱ˦һߵĭȴѾӵ𣬳麣ע⣬Ӻȥһѻס麣壬̧ͷɨһۣ
ǿߡ
ĭ⡱һ
︮Σ硢ԸҲпԭĭ˵ֻǵķ²ΪʲôҪң
ûŪǰ״ĭס麣ĹѾɼһ麣Դͬһʱ䣬ŭɶ麣ҲѾŽְסԼĭ˦Աȥ
ĭεȻ޷ë麣һҽУ̱麣˦õ˳ȥҳ̧ڿһץ͵һץסĭһȣʱҲ˲ˣһͰĭ˻Ҳ㲻Ъ˵ǰڵ֮һ񱼡
ӵ׷
һŭ鼱֮ȻҲ˲ˣбˮһΣһѾ͵شӱϮ˹һʱͼΧľλεĽأϳһۣȻ治ɫǰ񱼡
ʱѾøӵķ겻ˣͰѾҿʼԱסЩͷ˵עû취׷ǡ
ɴ󲿷ֹͷ䱻ס麣ȴ׷ᣬʱĭģԼϵǬַɳһȺȺң׷ȺһըʱѸ˸ֹס
ĭס˵ĹҲѾͷصشܳʮһ·ɽﴩȥֱҲ׷طٶȡ
Ӧðȫˡ
Ŵ˿ڣûӦһأͻȻ;ǰһͨһԵ˵ϣҺĭҲӱϸƷ˳ȥڵ˺ü
ɽ֣޾ҹΧĵģżļСԼɽ֮⣬κεˡ

Ź˶ʮӣڵһҹ֮ҵӲ𽥴ӻ֮ЩҸϽ֣ҡҡλεس˹ȥ
ʱ˿̣Ϣ̱Ţ֮УϢѾ޵ˡ

ҸϽҡҡλε˹ȥܵԣ˦һŻһŷ֣ĲϣǶżɼǵ˺ۣȻǱñˮնĽˡ
˺۵һ˲䣬ҲʧɫôصˣȻܴӳôԶֱǲ˼顭
һ£ס
һʱ޴룬ֻƴذס˿ڣȻѪȴԴԴϵش˿֮¶²ס
ҾοѾһϢƴ̧ͷȴֻǳ΢΢һЦ˻ͷ˵㣬㲻Ҫң취أȥү
ү࣬µģµġ
ҺذοΪ־ͽţѾ˵ˡ
ȴٶҡҡͷõ΢˵үָȫ֣ã㣬һҪѽ
ȱܵү£ԼᴦģҪȰ˴
ҩ
һ䣬ĭҲѾײײ˹̧ԼǬһ֮ͳһɴԼֹѪҩƷ
ȻĭҲһͲøôΪֹѪһѾһ̲ѪҲѾɵۡ
ʱһֱȰ˵㣬Ͽ뿪СԳض˾ץ׼㣬㶷ġ
ҲҪ硢˸ʲУͯҲ˸УСʵ̫ˡ
˵һ˵ĵ
һΣȫȫһУһͿء


1154 ʮ
뵽ոͯӱߵ£Ҳȣû뵽Ѿ׼ǰɽ·ߣǵ԰ˡǾȻȫȻȷʵ̫ˡ
Ѿ֪ôΪԼƱ翪ѣһ̾˵û뵽⻹ûɽأͯȴȱҸŪˣңûá
Ҳֲ㰡
һ˵꣬ȴЦҡҡͷ˵˭뵽ѾӦ˽ףڹɽŮͯӣɸȻڰ;ɱǣǣҲֻܰ飬Ϲ俪ʼնɲԹһδû뵽ǵ͹ˡ
һĬּ֮ѵ̧ͷҴҵس˵С޻֮ͯѾˣǾүΣգ뾡֪ͨȻһɵӸϻػصĻүɾΣˡ˧һǧҲ߽⣬ʱ뷭̣ɾͲˡ
ô˵ǡ
ҽüͷһĬٸн
Դһս֮󣬸ͨѶʩ⵽ƻ︮ԭӴϵҲѾ߽⣬δܲλñй¶ܲͨѶ豸ר˸ϸܺ͸죬ֻܴܲⷢϢɢԱȴȫ޷ܲϵҪΪ˷ֹܲλúϱй¶û뵽ȴΪү谭
Ǻӡŵ˷֣Ѿʱ䣬¥ѾɹפܲүˣҪͨϢֻܾϻܲȥ֮
ǡ
¡ˡ
̾˿⻰һʣС⻰ʲô˼
ҪֵĻҶϻȥˣһΣүֻรˡ
ɣҪȥУǿΪ˱űץģͯӱߣѾȫûȥɽɣٱץĻǾˡ
ҲȥɽҲܾʹ뿪
뿪㻹Ҫʲô
ˣץĶҳĺֵܣҲҪǾȳ
㲻ܰ
˵꣬ӽֽŵ˵ǸĶ֣ο麣Ҳڣÿһǹɽһһĸ֣ڡ
˵ǵɨһԱϢĭûм˵ȥǳ̾˿
ֻһˣ֪һҲߡˣأԲҵֵǡ
˵ŻеǹվҪȰңȴһҡҡͷ˵㲻Ҫ˵ˣѾ
˭֪⻰Ÿո˵꣬ûٶӦأϿյͻȻ䴫һˢ⡱һûȷӦһЦѾ
С㻹Ǹˣܣӳҵأ
Ǹ
ЦҿûͻζеѪɫǹʱһ˳ķʹ˹ȥಡһնï֦ܵɣҶ˲ͬһʹӿ
ʱ̧ͷһͼ֪ʲôʱ׷ĸҡڵڲıЦµĲ֮ƬƬڿС
죡ãǾһս
ۿ׷ǰҲûʱٵ飬ֽ߬ųǹս׼˭֪ЦĸЦ˵һսС㻹Ը䣿ٺ٣Ҿʵɣһܵȥ·һ㿴
˵һڣءһһӰѾӵ´ܳ˹
㿪ӰĹϸһȻǹͷˡ
ڿЦ˵˿һΪʮһˣúöǵķص֮ǰ϶ǲôױԼķڷصΧ˾ѣܵȥҲ·һӲҵġ
ǰСӣҿ㻹־ܰɡ
˵ʱҲһЦ˵Ż˫ۣԼıȻʼûһӰת˲֮䣬Ѿ˼ʮԼΧס
ۿҪʩչ˺սҸӽһɨ̱ڵѾվδⱻˣһѴһŵò֪ĭϽק˱С˵С֮ǰЮ㲻ȥǸС磬û뵽ڷǰˡҿܹȫˣһԼСģһᾡҵߣģҪҡ
㣬˵ʲô
⻰ĭɵһ£Ĭһ֮ͻȻְѱıקǰּһֽӽǬءһһŰ̴ǬըɢһֻֻľҲѿʼ֨֨ط˿С
СŮǸ
һ·סͼĭ־壬ȴɳһ˿΢Ц˵ȷʵ̫ϲǣаƶһǷֵģΪħӵܣҿɲܼȡ
ĭʲôħˡ
ҸտڣһɨȥһֻѾ͵Ϯҷֻǹһǹ̹ᴩǹ˵ؿڣ˿С
ʱһֻһеǹӣѽǹʬ壬һֻ˵˹ȥ
СѾͷƬӿɱǿصĴ¡
һмһֻֻ˷͵ϮһСĭĭҲƵľһδڻҺ޷ըҽˤڵأӴܡ


1155 
ĭȻʵôɿƵЩңȷʵһ԰ңһӵ֮Һܿмܲסˡ
Щľ֧ԮͱŵЩΧšƴǲ׽ӽˣ𵥴ҿɲЩ޲öɱֻΪȥĽħ˱ء
ȻЩҲѾʶڵҪڶʱڡʰǲ׵飬ǴͷһֻͻȻһʹݵĿ̱⳯ԲԶɨ˹ȥ
һһȺ̾˼һʱ׷׳ŵز˹ȥ
ãСİ
ۿǰͷһֻ˾Ҫ˵ϣͼѪһءһž˵Ķϣҽ߷ɳ˼ʮԶ˴
վУֻ߷һֻˣȴǶ˹
û뵽ЩﾹȻתĿ꣬ʼҪɢҵע
ڲ豳ϵĸȴЦ
ˣԭΪ㲻ǸͽһеУ治ȳֵܵĵڶֻ˼
Ŀ佱һȺƺΪˣͻȻȺһߵҵƨھ裬£ûá
˵Ļش𣬸üҲɵزһ̱
÷ɱˣҲԡŮ洼ƻʵƷ֮һ
Ļû˵أһȺǽ֮УͻȻһͣ˶̧ͷŸһŭӣٿҲѾɫˡ
ô£ѵ˵ɽ֮ڣԼҲз
һмһȺ˵Ĺһ߲ɫ͵ɨ˵ɫͻȻͼǵŸһָּ̧ۣŸһŭ𣺡ֻ˵һ飬һھ裬£ƶûãӦȵҪǰ㣬;ܶҷֺƣȲŹġ
ˣһ
ߣ˵ϻҪǿȵϣɱЩ֮ǰŲţ
ֻ˻һڣһȺ˼ͬһʱ䶼׺ݵĿ⳯ڿеĸ˹ȥɵøɫԽѿ
û뵽Ȼڶ⵹Ǹṩ˻ᣬһȺסʱͦṇֱ̀һѪɫɴܣת˲֮䣬÷ǹһͱֻ߰ˡ
һٶȻҲ˶Ӧ˹ʱһŭ𣺡ãҵ˻ͷ㣬ʰǣ»סŮǧҪڡ
ף
Ҳû⻰ڣȫĭ
Щˣһרĭһȫȫ͵Ϯһֹסҵֽţһ£ǵĴӼܶ͵СĭЩҿҼʱסһ١
Ҳ˫ȭѵ֣еǹӵͣڵȥףȴǲȫˣͻȻһزҽдǲҽͷ⡱һȻĭѱһֻ͵Ϯצ˺󱳣һͨһ͵˵ϡ
һ£־䷨ҲʧЧз׷ɵľ̡žؿʼϵ䡭
Сġ
ۿһֻҪĭҸϽǰȥĭһק˻˵ʱסȴֻʣһֻֿԳǹмܣֹˡ
ҲŸովĭֻּѾ˵ıϣצӽ£ѩ׵ֳ˼̹ǵѪ
۵ҽУһƴ֮󣬾ͼͻȻεضһ˫ǰ㡢һ˻
СӣղҶһ֮
˵ͼһݾ͵ͷһ§ĭһֵ߬ǹڵһţͷĺ󱳣ûȣƣβһɨһȺ׷ѱɨöڵϴ˹
㺦һҪúˡ
֮䣬Һĭڿնֱֱſڲ豳ϵĸ˹ȥһ£Щ˵ûޣܷڶԼȴܷɡ
һͣڿϵĸۼڿնʱ˿ڻڵѪĸ˵ǰǵһЦһбˮˡһȻ
˵ĺãˣǸúúõˣ
˵͵һӣ²һ˻Ҳǰһˣӭ˹
ƥսѩѩڷ⣬ɷŶԷһ˫ϵҺ͸ҲѾԽ߬еĳǹͱˮƴһս׼
ιСΣһԵҪһˡ
ڣ˵꣬ʱеĽѾҵĺɨǹס棬žһŰȻûֿǹͳϴȥվˡ
˲佻֮󣬲衰ͨһأѵ˦βڿУͼƥһת˻ӭͷһײ˹
ûٶȽսһɨһۻĭŵȦͨ죬սս§ҵ˶
СΣ㻹ܲʹľ񣿡
һ䣬ֽһغϣǹǺؽ⾹ҵİԴ
ܣֻֻܿƼֻˡ
ĭսսؿڣѾʣȻûвμӹ˲ҵļս־£ϻһצӣʱʩչԦľ֮Ϊˡ


1156 ֮
ʹͺá
ž
˵ĹٶȽ棬Ѫ˳ҼƮڰ֮У׷׻ΪѪ¡
׻˵˱оӣǹ˱а潻棬˵Ǵӱ̻ǴǹҪԽڽغϽսȴȻݵشǹ¼ȶңȴѾˡ
ò˵׿ϹŹһݣԸʵǻۣҲǸ޶Ľ˧֮ţֺսԶԶ֮ϡ
СŮֻҪֻܿľС
żľʹֳĭٺһЦĭ¶Щ㵣սսңֻҪ͵ϮԷ
ǡ
ֺٺһЦ˵ʱ߸ڿУһΣֱӰڻĭʹϸȥ
Ҫߣ
һŭ𣬽һӣĭľٶɵسŸ˹ȥ
һĭһٶ˸һŸĿⱻĭסʱ˿ڲͣѪҧغȻܵ˸ǰ
Ӹƴˡ
ھǹɱ˹Ѿߴٿ²裬бˮҪҵ
ûĽ濳һݣżıϺݺһ㣬̴ֱֱŸȥ
ĭܣܣ
ڿʱ˻ŭɨȥĭȺʱϽӡ䣬ɢڵϵֻľ̡һڿշסĭ˫žͿʼ߿շɡ
Щ˿ץסڿеĭһСŮգһһۣȫȫؾͳŸӭȥ
ɱ㣬ҲҪͬھ
꣡ɱһΣɱڶΣ
ͬһŭ𣬵ڲ豳һģҲڿնҡ
ۡ
Ȼɫ˲ǽûҶʱҶ㶼û㣬ּ̧һ߬סӵͬʱһн߬ŵǹҲѾӭŸǾ˹ȥ
Ҳ裡
͡һǹȫĴ߶֮£͵˸ĶͷУͷѵ
һʱѪ磬ѪҲ֪Ǹģҵˡ
ѪɽҺ͸Ȼʹ˿ŵȥ
ꡭ㣬湻ݵġ
ͷѾǹ˹ᴩҵʱǷ΢ѪϣҲѾ¶ǰδľ֡
ҺٺһЦǹѾ̴˸ͷǣȴǽ߬ŲԸſ
֣裬ùáҸǡˡ
ͨ
Һ͸˫˫ˤڵأеǹͬûӸͷаγǱҺݺ߬ţֱ˵棬ͷضһ𡭡
еĽҲѾصһ˲̴ҵ壬ұ˳
һȺ֮䣬ȻȺҲΪҺ͸ƴսɵۣԭؾȻ˲ϳˡ
һľɨһ۵Բ˫۱ᴩͷǵĸ̧֮ͷɨС
ɫᣬѿʼЩģڣʧѪ࣬ʶѾ𽥵ģˡ
Ѫ۾ϸسſȥѾĭӰ
̫ˡӵˡ
ҳһʯͷҲ˵أϾĽħҲãٵĸɽҲգƼˮԵǰһӡ
ģģأߴһȺǵľ
⣬Сӿ湻ݵġ
Ȼɱ˸
ˣˣһɽô죿
ɵѽȴһˡ
ɵֱۻڸϣʱжɽȺħʧ񲻴ҡ
һӵĳУһŭ
Ƕˣ֮ȸСӲһ˵ȡͷ͸ֱۣȶᡭ
ŭУһȺצؾͳҺ͸ڵķΧ˹ɾʱһģģذ׹ȴӿֱֱءһԭڿкսĲصˤڵϣشŴ
ͻȻһŵһȺ˶סһʱ䶼ǰˣǲ軹ڵƴͼվ
˭֪Ÿոͷּһ׹⡰ءһ˵أѪʱһӾͺݺݲ˲ĲϣɡһֱӰѲĲӲȵѪģڡ
㻤ǧ꣬ΪֵΪ˱ˡ
סͦһЦЦԽƮ
ҲŲס˵ϣꡱŴһͷһЦұˡ
㱣ң㡭
ҲһЦΡΡŵȻᴩһδҪȴҲ̵ۣټˮͲǷҪڵԶ壬ҲŲˡ
զզѽզ졭
ΧһȺٶȻŵسһ󡪡
𳳣ͷֱۣͷֱۣ죡
һֿʼǰˣҽҧվȻ֪ڶѾΪǰ˼ƣݺݵЩצĹǰһս׼
ɾʱһ㤵صͳЦȴһͻȻ
Цһ˶ɵۣԭأһҲϽѭȥͼѾһǹ崩ͷǵĸڵϣѪģϣһ˫ǳ޵۾ֱضңЦ
һ˲䣬ŵõһ
Ȼš
ôܣϹʹѾǹ崩Դôܲ


1157 Կ
꣬㻹ôçײǧ꣬ˡ
һЦûҷӦͼѿʼ˫ֽ߬סֱӴǹʼקǹͼվ
͡һǹᴩĶͷһѪƵĸøѪģֲˡ
קǹ˼֮վͷӲѪĳǹϰֳһɨʱͨͷϱ̳Ѫľ
ôܡ㣬Ϊʲô
ҷʣ͸ûܹƵģһͷϵѪһ΢΢һЦ˵ǹһԱǲģô㲻֪𣿡
ⲻܡ
û˵̱ڵϵѾһϢؿ˿ڣܣ䲻Ҳڲ֮£㣬ܻö˶˻šܡ
Բ˫ۣ˵ʱԽȻٿȴЦͷǱǹ̳Ѫܵ˿ڣȻҲʼ𽥵شΧмϡ
㣬㵽׶Լʲôѵǲ֮
ٶȾһŸѾΪ𾪶
ȴûлشֻǳΧͬĿɿڴɨһۣһ˵ȡҵֱۣúأȻûǻһץ
ǣ
⻰ЩǲŴ֮лҲ˲ٷˣֿʼ
ɻûһȺ˵ǰһŭȴѴϧѾ̧ͷûˣվԭأ嶼ʼζ
ͨ
һ֨֨һϸӰ˵أ㲻ҲѾµĭ
һɱһ
ĭѧ֮ǰұģסңɨΧĶ
һЦǿ΢˵㣬СѾͷƬӣôֻ֣ˡ
ĭͷһۣͻȻʮ˵Ҫǲˣ
ٺ٣㣬ĳáҡҲˡ
˵
ĭ˵ĹһֻͻȻų˹ͼĭָһ֮ǰɢڵϵֻľ̡ᡱһը˵
ǹ۵۴УĭϽֳΧŻ˵Ƕ̿ɲġ
Ȼ˵ţĭ˵ʱһѪûס˳ǻ
ҡҡλεı󿴵Ϊ֮ǰ͵Ϯһצӣ󱳵·ѾѪʪһƬ
ιССŮ㻹Ӱɡزʶңҿɲ뺦㡭
˵ʲôزʶ
ĭֵһּۣԦľը˼ֻ֮Ȼᶨ˵㲻Գƽħ峤峤峤ȷһߣǽħֱϵѪҶڲˡ
ǣСѾͷ²󣬿ǲС
ߣǵȻˣȵȣʲôб²󣿡
ĭһͷƺңԼȱﲻס͡Ц˭֪ʱһֻѾĭһھ͵סĭļ򣬰˵ϡ
ĭһҽУҲŵһȻѾûȥˡ
ʱͻȻĭĲҽΪŭ˫һΣѹ徹ѹסļֻľĭָζľǷ׷׳˹ļֻ˹ȥһըĭ˲գȻѾѪ߰ˡ
ҧһֻסѪ˿ڣɫرҺʩչһƣȻϸСѾ͸֧һΣͨһ̱˵ϡ
ССŮСŮǺοءӹһٵġ
ҿЦҡҡͷǰĭѾ֪˵ʲôǺˡ
˵ĭȴǳǿֳһ˿Ц˵
һֱΪҡײƭƭӣһһرɶһٺ٣񡭡Ҳôᡭ
ĭû˵꣬ոձըֻѾצŭų˹ĭȻѾʹκεˣεЦЦֻ֮һۡ
ѪȾǬ˼䴦
ء
һըͻȻĭǰûĭԼ˵ͷѾһը˻һοɲըˣԴը߻صģһʱɣҲѶ߶µصһԳ鴤
⡭
ͻתĭԼһȻһɱֻ˵ľȻԼ
ĭ廹ڵûͼ˫Ѿ߸߾ǰѸٵؽӡַ֮죬Ѿ쵽ˡˡԼéɽšСĵزˡ
ת̫죬Һסֵǣĭ˫Ȼڷɿ׼ȷؽӡλȴ̱޷Ҳʹ
һĭըһֻ˵ԴĹĶţһӵϣ˭֪Ƭ֮ĭѾӡ˫ڿһƾջһ̫ͼĹĻ
ĭ˫ֽǹĻһУ˫͵һǹĻ̻Ϊڰ׹ֱһȺ˶ȥһȺײ
ĭͻȻתһʱͼϸ徹Ȼ͸ʲôƵģѱֱվ˫ƽֿʼؽӡ˫Ÿز̤ŵǲܹǵĴδι
ңôˡ
ĭͻȻԼһΡΡģɾʱ˫˫ȴھ׼ޱȵĽӡ㣬ϳϻ̳Ͽֵıȫϵһȥ͸ѾƵġ


1158 
ĭͻȻת䣬ֱ̫˵ϣֻǾȵҺɫţڶĸҲɵۡ
ȻûǷɣȴĭԼ־⵽ôˣΪʲôΪʲôҵ塭ҵ岻ܿˡ
͸һʱֽŻӦսĭѾ˸ס
ɵ˭
ǰжϣڰǣΪʲô
ۿĭǰӭսڶˣûΪȴͻȻϴһ޵صͳЦ
̫࣬Сһ˿ɵֵס
˭
ҲɵһȻȴѾȻ޴棬͸ûгֹƵġ
Ҿ̵ػΧ֣ûˡ
ɾʱֵЦٶȴ
ܰ㣬ҲҪҲС
ޱȣҵĶ˵֮ҸϽѭķһԣԸûκڡ
ȻʱѾٶȴ
ι㲻Ҫˣֻ㣬㵽벻æ
δʱȻ𾪣ҲѾһЩԵɡ
ûȻȷʵиڣȻѾȷңͿ
߾Ȼиˣ̫˼ˡ
ʱѾĴδ˳
ָӣҪ취˺϶ΪһҲа취ܡ
϶Ϊһ㵽˭
һһڣһδ
˭Ҫֻҵû
û£ͻȻ֮䣬Ҿ;ԼͻȻͬʲô˸סһ̱˿
һ㶣ûŪ⵽ô£ɨǰƾ֮оȻѳһĽ⡭
ǽ۳һԲΣûҿʲôǽȴѾࡱһԼɡҵһĪҺһģǽʱ䱻Ҹȥ
һ븹һصѾҶǻٶһȻϸһоȴԼ֫Ȼ𽥵ػָϵʹѾòˡ
⣬⵽ô£Ϊʲôҵᡭ
СӣʣҪ͸Ͽҵû
ٶȴȻȴѱͬһ㡣
ҳǰһɨڶǰһȺӦĭѱһȺ˰ΧסȻ˵ãվ˫ȭѵƣһս֮£Ҳ𽥿ʼ˿
ȻҲٵˣȻǡ֪١˵ʲôݣҲֻӲͷƤĻˡ
뵽ָоѾָ˲٣Ҷʱһһŭ𣺡ˣԶʲô£
⻰һڣȺһֻ˶ʱЦ˵⻰˵Ŀ˼ҲֻһˣԶأ
һ˱仯һȺˣȻΧһ㲻Զʲô
ȻѾָ߰˳ɣ˵ʱһǹװһĸо
ʱһֻԱ߿Ц
ģô
ôֵзյҵ
˵Żһ֣ٶųһѪɫ⣬â˲Ϣ֮仯ΪһѪɫǹǹǰһָװʹסƵĶ˼ǹˣֳ˺ǾȵսʿҲǺ۸ģɸҸһϸ¡
Լ
һһֻͻȻӱĭ͵Ϯ˹ȥ͵һצһץĭĺϣĭһҽУһȺס˲䡰ͨһء
ȻΧȥһȺȴûоʹ˶Ⱥ֮ˢˢس˹Ҽ֮󣬾ȻͬЦ˵ڵʵҲսðҾ
û£ͼһȺҴһλΪâ˵ڣԴƣûһĹһȺѾȺںϳΪһ
ٺ٣Ӧû֪ɣҪʮԼʱҲᰴɢɼʮݣҪҽзôҵҲѵ˶֮
˵ϻɱ˸ҲҪɱ㡭
һЦ˵ŻеĳǹǹָѾ϶Ϊһˡ

һ˺۾ȻܴԲѣɼŭһսеˣѾһȺһŭŭҲ˲ϼĭˣҾ
Ҳж˿顭
ۿںΪһңȻ廹ûȫָҲֻܽ߬ĳǹӭս׼
һգۼͼ˻ζԼһ˫צӿ첽ͳ˹ɸûȳ嵽ҵǰͻȻ֮ͼ˹͵һΣһλεĹâѾǰէֶ
û˵ҵǰǽ͵һ˵ĶͷûȶԷӦһʱžһȻһƾէֳķֽѾ׼ޱȵ˵Ķͷϡ
ͻϮ˴ϣ㣬ǽѾȻ˵Ķͷֱǽ˵ĶͷʱҲڿ壬ǾȻһдŹŹĵĵŻֽ
ֽԤ׵˵Ķͷϣһʱ֮ͼ˵ͬӲһ㣬һʱ䶯ˣֱǱ˸Ѩ
һ£ŻҪҵˣսĸһ
ɻûҿ⵽ôأ¶ŵĸȴͻȻһߣų˵ͣ˰ɡȻˣﲻһ򣿡
Ǹǵ֮ս֮ˣǱˡ
һЦͻȻһһȫһǰ֣֮£ȻѾ¶һһװҡٶξ׳
˴ҲͶʮģһ֮¶ָǱǰһָֺ˵Сӣôҵ÷䣬ܶܲ˰ɣ
һЦʱٿǱ䶨סһˣѾ¶ɫѾȵ˵ˡ
ϸƺ壬ͼٷֳһֻֻķγ֮ȴûзųһ˿һͬסƵģ嶼һܶˡ
ʱѾҧгݵͣȻڸҵҡ
С͡˳ŸٺһЦ˵õƺ̫ʰɣҪǷСͻȻʧ٣ǺǣһôԶܵء
˵ŻͼͻȻһ֣ͷϱһһ̻ͳŸ˹ȥ


1159 峤
˵Ҳ֣תȥʱ˻ڵ۾ƴضͽţȴѾȫܲԼĿˣӭŸһȭͷ˹ȥ
Ȼûͷϱóǹᴩ˿ڻѸٵţҲѾشٶȶѾƽʱ˲١
ֻһĹһȭͷ˹ȥءһ˲Եڵء
˵ûкһȭͷ֮˹ȥһȭߣҧŭݣòվ˻û׷ȥϽ˼һŭ𣺡Fֶҡ
䣬֮ǰһӲȶ˲ӵFֶͻȻ֮͵شԼĲѾأƤ֮Լͷ­ŤشǰֻʣһƤȻFֶȴǽɣӭŸ˹ȥ
һ棬Ҳϸ֮ǰɽħսʱı֡
ǵЩɽڵħȫǱ׹̵ġŮ洼ƻԽľ֮ģáŮ洼ƻǵбֲ˽ľ֮˵ٶΪħ֮ȴǰǿʵڿ¡
ҪɱЩŮ洼ƻʵƷΨһᴩǵĿڣǱĿĽľ֮ȫſԣĻǰ֫նϡԴЩɽħɲȥ
ȵȡ
뵽ʱ⡱һ
̧۳ǰһͼڱ׷ŵĸѾFֶĺ󱳣ͷ­ǰFֶǰһݣʱڿնֱɳ죬һ£޷е˳û˰취ȴڵƴȭͷƺѸFֶӿиѾȫûпˡ
ۿŸFֶڿնҪߣҼþҪ׷ɱȥ˭ֻ֪ǰ˼͸оŵһԴһѣڳš⡱֮𽥻ָȻֿʼɿʧ
ҸϽеĳǹס壬ۿҪߣһŭ𣺡ֱǸ㣬㾹ȻԼҲԼʵƷ
ҵĺѾڰеĸһ㶣漴ͻȻһХЦҡҡͷֿЦ˵С㻹Ǵû뵽Ǳˡ
Ҷݺݵſеĸֺ˵Ѿǹᴩͷǣ㾹ܲԼáŮʵ顯ԼʲôֻɵӲſɣ
˵̧ԼĿڣֵһ˵ô˵ӦֻһġΪӹһپƽ£һټ㣬һҪǹᴩĿڡ
ĿڣǣǿЦ
˵Żͼһ˦еıˮ߬סͬʱ߬Ĺ⽣ͳԼĿд˽ȥ
͡һǹ⽣˲û˸ĿڣʱһɫĹâѾĿɡ˽ȥȻκκۼ
һٶٶһ԰ûġ
ƺԴǵһμʱʼһֱǱˮԼĿڸΪʲôôѾ˽ˡ
Ϲ֮սϾΪ࣬ڴħһսȻսȡʤ֮󣬴δžǱвȻжĥɱ¿ʼɱй֮ϾȻҲûѡ
ϾƭϧλɽеĽľֲɽѹħԹҲ͵Ϯһս֮ɽ£ձ۷˴Ƶ۵ıˮ̴˸Ŀڣ¸²ɽС
֮󣬸ʬҲͬӽѹ
֪£ûܽ⿪
ɱĸģ
һ̴˸֮࣬ǧУһֱѱˮԼĿ֮УôأϹѾģģΪλһֱ
ۿŸЦظǣѾƿԡ
ʱFֶϵĸһߣ˵˵Ҫ̴ҵĿǲǣҵģѾˣ̴ҵĿкô
㵽ʲô
Ǻޣ¼֮˼ĺޡ
ϵЦ˲£ŭ˫ۣһŭ𡪡
ûв´ȷʵáŮ洼ƻԼҲΪʵƷΪֻҲܱøǿһվˣɲеʵƷ˶Ŀڴ
û䣬ͻȻ͵һFֶĶӣµFֶһ˻˲һֱֳ
ܣܡ
ۿ˲˸Ӱ٣ŭȻԵǸС꣬͡ȴֻͷŸߵķ΢΢Ц
ֱFֶӰȫʧҹĻ֮Уŵͷ̾˿֮󣬸Ͻ˵ڵϵĭ
ͱĭط˵СΣû°ɡ
û뵽Ѿۿʪĭһ͵Ĺģһͷ͵ĻʧʹȻŻˡ
ЦǺСѾͷͷοһ֮󣬸ϽӱбıקǰһǱĭıһޣȻҲһ֧Ǭ
ڴ֮ץŽɫĹ⻪ϸһűŵĵҩոͱҳȥȻⶫ
ʱͼȽһŽɫĵҩĭһ˦֣һŽѾڹâİ³ҷ˹
һֽ̧סҩͷҲصЦ˵ιƨԣ
⻰ҸϽѾһϢ˹ȥϾԼѾȷһţҲûʲôˡ
Ϊ½ʱʵʲô
ת굤˵
ҵͷ˵ֵⵤҩʲôɷ֣㲻Ҫǰɣ
Ǻǣֶˣ㾹Ȼ˵ֻɼС治ΪڡĴˡ
ι⻰ʲô˼
һ͵䳰ȷáᡱһ¾վҲѾüͷվͷмɨһֽۣ˵ת굤Ϊڡħ塯֮һ߷º̥֮ܣǴ֮ˣֻҪҶһʱ̾Ϳɻָܣ˿ٶȣСӣⶼ֪Ҳҵ˵Լʲôħ峤
Դǣһʱ䵹ĬƬ֮Ҷݺݵһۣǹָһŭ𣺡ͣ㵽ʲôˣ
һЦ
Ҳǽħ壬峤


1160 ʽ̳
峤ʲô
⻰ڣҲͷȻȴֻЦɨһۣûңǼȥ鿴ĭ
һĭ˲ۿʪ˵С磬ԲңԼһܳ
ĭҵĻٴƢҲ˲ĶڻĶ˼ʲôģȻǸ͵ģȴȫϧ֮Ķһĭ˵ֻȻһʱͰüͷ
СΣԭҲ֪Լѽ֪֪Ϊ㣬Ƕֵˡ
ֵܡ
⻰ĭǾסӵı̾˿ֽ˵С磬ңԭΪһ׷û뵽û뵽
ǣû뵽õʲôΪ㣬Ǵӹɽ׷ǳԾ˿ͷ
ƺȫû֮ģĭѾھο޵ˣȴںü۵𱸣ҶЩȥˡ
ǿǹվֳ֮һŭ𣺡ιƢҪ𱸸С
ҵĻϵŭ˼֣ͷɨһۣʱһŭ𣺡㻹˵ΪħᡢΪɽһ̳ˣ׷ֱ̫ʧˣҪħʲôףǴκ˽ʲôģѰ·
һŭ˲ס
ǰԭΪͯӽŮʬΪɣ̽һ¹ɽڵΣû뵽Ǻˡ
ԴҳΪһʲô£ȫԱΪǰƵԼԶΪû뵽ȴôĴ
ҵͷĬȥעŭҵĿ⡭
ʱһһʧΧһƬĵģ˭˵
Ĭ֮УĭӵȴͻȻɽ֮беĳš
СС磬ոաո˵ʲô
ĭ͵תͷȥĭ
ʱĭֽ˵С磬㣬ո˵ǡǸɽļ̳ˣ
⻰ڣҲס
ٿĭ˼վӣսսسųĬԵͷ˵С磬ǣǸڽħ̳𣿿ոǻ㡭òһֱƭǰɡ
ҡ
һ£ʱҲ̲סַ˵ͣħɽ֮˲أıԱͲ࣬㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪðǵˣ
ð䣬
ҵı֮£ͼͻȻһŭ˵ʱ̧һΣָϾȻһ޵ɫ˿ߡ
˿һţ˿ʧͬһʱ䣬ͻȻ͵һѾȫû˸о
׹⵽ô£ͼԼ˫Ѿеĳǹ߬ųԼĺ˹

ۿǷǹҵĺԽԽһУȻ廹ûȫָûа취ҡ
׹Ȼ͸ոյĭһҵҲѾ͸ס
С磬Ҫ
ۿǹҪ̴ҵƤ⣬ʱͼĭͻȻ޺˹ֵ̧ĹһѾ߬ס߬ŵǹˣסҡ
ĭȻңҴϣҲʱһŭСΣҪʲô
С磬ҪҪ
ĭعͷȥͣ޺˵С磬㣬㲻ɱ
СֻɱҲΪڽħ峤
Ҳ֪ʲô峤峤ģֻ˵ոǻʲô˼
ĭͻȻ˵Ż͵һקеǹˣžડһͰǹȥˤ˵ϡ
ˤڵϵǹʱ仯ΪһѪɫĭعͷȥŭͣٶŭ˵ΪʲôɱС磬ǰɲô˵ģ˵ĸڽħ̳ˣ˵һҪҴαݣΪʲôҪɱңҲסҲոЩʲô˼
СΣܣ
һŭٿĭ־֮УҲŭ
Ϊʲôܣҵ棡ˣһϸĸڵʿҲڿ˵ԼǸڽħ̳ˣڣ㡭
СΣ̫ˣһʱ˵
˵Żֳҳ˹Ȼĭȴ嵽ҵǰ廤סңֳĭɫغɱһʲôħʿС磬˵
СΣ㡭
ĭĿᶨƺҲΪһԲֻͬĿᶨֻ뿴ˣʲôĻ
Ĭ֮Ͳ̾˿̧ͷźںҹĻоɨ˼֮󣬲ҡҡͷ˵ǺðСΣʱɱ¿˰ɣﲻȫǵøϽ뿪С
⻰ĭʱϲص˵ͷعͷһѾקסңɨһӵ˵ߣøɱ
֪ĭǺģһ˦֣ҡҡͷ˵ߣȥĶΪħ峤Ϊ︮ңѿ︮Σڼֱʧܵ˶㣬һʲô壿ȻˣһԹԵŸͬھл¡
ͬھǣ˵ɣ
ⷬڶ浱һЦҡҡͷ˵Ϊɱո㲻ҲѾˣѾԼˡŮ洼ƻʵƷˣʵƷΨһ࣬ɸģɱһĵʵƷ
ͻ˵Ҿס
㣬Ůʵ鶼֪ͣ㵽ʲôˣ
ҵɣȴֻЦЦƲ˵ڻҪ֪üסģҿСεϷһ֮䣬һҪֳߵ׿˭Ľħ峤
˵⻰ʱȻԽ˵ԽԽŭ⻰˵һ룬ȴѾԾЦ
Ͱѻ˵꣬ҲЦ˵ʲôģ
ʳڣͼüֳ֮˼ţЦЦ˵ҲҲͬˣɲֱԷİɣͣʲôˡ
ʣ
ͻȻһŭۿĭҲ𾪣͸û˵һקסĭǰߣͷҲصغҧĽʲôãֻܰǰһǣҪǻġ롯ͱϻ


1161 Ѫ
롭
ʱεЩ޴Ρ
ĳ룬Ѿ˸
ԥʱȴųصĽŲ˹Ǿת굤ȷʵò˵ǵϾͻָ״̬ĵز
С
ߵʱһ˵СҿˣǸȥ
ʲôɿģ
ʣô֪Ǹˣ
ǻˣոΪʲôأ˵ǲǣ
⻰˵ֳ꣬Ĭһӣ̾˿֮ڻǷеԹ͵ķͿ첽˹ȥ
׷ͺĭ󣬾ͼͻͷһЦһקĭǰߣһЦ˵Ȼһֱ̾ڹɽ£︮ĳԱУҵߵģҲ֪ǵΪ³򡭡Ŀףɽ롯һðվٶҲ⣬ûϧȴǴһ㣬һȫ䡭
ŶҴĶʡ
̫Ÿħ
ֻͷɨһۣмЦЦֽ֮˵˽飬ħΪСĹϵ԰ɣ
ʵ⡱һȻѾ֪ôشˡ
ǰС㡣
Ϊ˾С£ҼѾģÿѾ͵ħһСҾڲ֪˾ԣ˭뵽Ѿ׵׼ѾɽǾˣ
׷չ鲻Ǹϸħˣ֪ΪʲôΪ̫ʴˣҲ̫ˡ
ͻȻЦ˵ʲôǧ˶ٻѡ˶Υ֮£ȫ޷εģ㲻ҲΪµݡ޷죬ǧʱ𽥽ĴְͰضѻͣʵ֡
˵ҹʴȵأ
е㲻Ͼ£˴£Ҳɲôİ˵̰ɣ
˵֪Ǹʲô
ҵȻ֪
ͻش˵Ϊ֮ܣϹ¹֮սУһսնɱ˻ʵµͽ䣬νǳ˷ͷ⣬Ǿ尴졮ȡķʽһ˼ʵȣҲϹһλɱɱﰡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôողɱ
Һ˵ֻס˵壬һǷʧЧֻΪ
õһǷھѾʧЧˡ
Ϳ˿еɫЦ
⻰ʲô˼
ûͻ֮⣬ȴͻȻһһɨͼһݵӰѾӱ֮д˳һŭعֽУ˹ˡ
ǵ嶼ûȫָһ˳˹һǸϽûгǹӭս׼ʱ΢΢һЦû˳嵽ǰѾ˿ڡ
治ˡ
⻰û䣬ͻȻ֮ءһһը˵ĿѾԼԤ׵ը˿ʱһŻɳӣˡͨһ͵˵ϣˡ
⣬ǡ
ڶסʱѾĿڲһģ׷Ǳɡ
ͳ΢΢һЦ˵ǽħԹŷɽʦΣΪʦҪıߣ±ݶݣΪ˰ʦ󻼣գȴʧʦ׷ⶼ𣿡
ûֱɱʡ
͵˵ͷûҼѾסֺαطǿɱأνк֮£ոһ棬һ棬ʹǰǣ㿴ⲻǣҸһ·ȴԼˡ
ͷһЦ·һжԼ֮С
ҸϽ׷ȥʣ˵ܰȡس룿⻰ʲô˼
⻹׷ܰ·ɱǣҲܰ·ɱǣν벶ȸں󡭡
ͻû˵꣬ԵĭѾ߬ĸ첲˵С磬ѵѾ˶Ըǵķ
Ȼ浱û𣿡
΢΢һЦּ̧һĭСӣЦ
棬ҸһΪĭ˵ʱϵĶϵ飬ֱͬС㽻ʱİһ
ĭǹ־ǿӣҲС̲סһۡ
ʱ˵׷ѽ׷Ȼһսһս֮ǰվǸڵˣӦοֱ´ΣѹͷҲûвĵ
˵һ룬ɨĭһֽۣ˵ʱһһֱǻڹɽµɽֻΪܶɱһЩɽħû뵽СȴͻȻŴ˸ϽϹ
С磬ԣԲ𡭡
ĭصͷȴЦ˵㲻صǸ֪СѾͷҲǶΪңôأм£ĵͦԲסġ
ʲô£ĭʡ
ʵո︮ȺʱҾѾ㣬ûи㣬һֱβ棬Ǹոտְ;ۻվԲֵġ
С磬Ϊ
Ϊ
ңһδʴȻΪ˱䡣
СΣֹۼʶʶֶ֮ΣֺγǣһһﻹЩ˹Ŀ࿴ˣΣͷȻܻѣǣףװ
̲סʣͣھֻŪһ£㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪðǽħĺˣ
ҵʻЦͻȻ䣬һ鴿һ˦Ӹҡ
ҽסһɵһ
ҹͼ⣬︮ƣ︮ˣ
ǡҡҡͷ
Ȼ︮ˣΪʲô︮ƣơ
ϸһɵ־һ
ħ˶֪︮ĴΪжèͷӥҹɡƣҲŵȣһԱֵΪµȣΪеȣڸɲΪϵȣ֮ϣһȼΪںѪ˿Ѫ̶ɣֵǡ
Ѫԭоſ飬Ϊ︮°˴ħе
˴ħ︮һֱǰһֱеһͷְλһġꡢҶ񻨡˴ħһֱÿһ︮κ󣬶ѡλõħˣдơ
һɣȴڼʮǰϡ
ʱı仯νġ˴ħˡʵϳͷΪʮִѪƾֱ飬Ӵ˳Ϊʮ


1162 ĺ
ϸϵѪ˿·˼ۣ
︮ʮʮһԱ
⻰һڣԼȰԼ뷨ˡ
ԣλʮ֮еʮˣҶϤûôһ
ʮУʮ˺Ȼϡ
ˡʦˡڡȡéɽͽǧֵ˾ҡˡǧѩ΢ɵѧšߡŵӡ˫ɮ˹孹֮ɡ׹ħˡ̣ʮ޼ҸҶٶЩϸԵǰʲô
Ҳְʹϵɨһۣüͷ˵ͣҿɲǵʮ
˵⻰ҲЦЦ˵ûһţ˵ɽʱɽ֧ϵ⵽ħ´ңвٵһСʮ𡯵ĸֺ⣬Щûʬ壬ֱˣһеѪƣҲĿЩһʧȥ䣬֮ѡڶʮʱֻ︮˼µѪƣԲ䶪ʧơ
˵
˵ֵ꣬ͷɨһۣϸһ֮󣬸ȷǣѪɫ·ԼǺƵƷ˵Ҳиʷˡ
ȻǰǸССıǮǾռЩִܡ塢ɰ֮ġСҲ˽һЩ
֮ѪƾǺܷģǾĥ£ܱƯҲͿȷӦ֮︮︮Լ˴ħеһ顭
ȻǺƵƣô˵ӦڵһĶ
˵ҸϽɨһۣһ˵²İɣ˵ԼǵһʮеһԱǣ㵨ӵͦģⶼð䣬ǵһʮ۳µʱ㻹ûذɣ
Ǻǣ׷ȱ𷢻ҿû˵ҵġ
ֵһЦ߹һѽƶ˹ȥʱ˵ȷɽٺʧĿѪеһ飬ȻҲңǡ̡
˵ʲô
⻰һڣԺ֮Сˡһ
˵
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̣ʶ˵İңԶ
ǵôҼ¿ʼүүÿŸ̴ӣſڵ̨ϳ̣һֱһˣҲûйڶˡ
ҶˣҲְ׷ʹأ
ְֵĻشȴǣѾˣʱҲŸճ¡
̵ļ䣬ְƺʱҲģһˣϾүүס˼䣬Ҳʹүүÿʵڡ̡Ļ⣬үүԵúܲͷҲǼ򵥵ظҡͲˡ֮Լȥ˵ˡ
ʶ̣
һʣȴֻЦӦԣҳĬ֮󣬲һЦ˵Ȼϵạ̃Ҳҵ̣㻹Ҫ֪̫࣬ʱ䱦󣬿ɲܶ˷ϰ
˵껰תǰߣ׷˼䣬ȴˣû취ҺҲֻͷȥ
߳˺Զ֮ͻȻֿ˵Ҫĳ룬ڷֻȼ֮һѾʼʵʩˣ֪Ρ
һ˵һߴǰߣ£ȴͻȻɽǰһȻһӰ˳һΪ˵˵Ϯ
͵ҺĭϽǰ˰˵Ǳ£Լˡ
ʱ򣬾ͼһοľ׳ӳǿ첽˹
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ĭĺǺӹһЦ߹ĭͷһ£üͷⷢŭ˵СѾͷƬӣ˵ʲôɻһͨҰ
ĭͷٺЦЦ˵Բ𣬴磬̫ˡ
ĭĻ˵꣬ոջĭĺӾȻתЦ˵峤СαϾͻСɱѽ˵˵ˡ
İɣҷŸСѾͷƬһʶ
΢΢һЦתɨһֽ̧ۣܵǾͻʶһ°ɣλеĵ֣硭
Ҳø˼קɫǰǺӿص˵ͷʾòֽ˵λλ︮ˡ
ҵͦòģû뵽ͽ֮Ǻ̾͵Ϊ
ܲòذɨһ֮ͻȻһߣһ˵ԭǸ۽ħŵҡײƭĴѽ
ι⻰ʲô˼
ûҷأߵѾȥˣ̻˵С˳Ľħ峤̳ˣҲǿԼı³Ϊ︮ʲôˣô˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǣأǸɽ̫ˣɲǳôʼ塭
Ǻƺᷳǣ˵ŻسҺ֣ͱͷȥˡ
ʱֽʣ磬ҵôˣûѡͻϮص㣿
⻰ɫҲҡҡͷ˵峤ƻб䰡
Ϊʲô
;˵ʱǾѾƶüƻˣδֲ࣬ôˣֻҪ÷ӽǣŻͻϮضܹȫʤѵ˵ǻû̽һŵĵط
̾˿˵ط̽ˣϧҪϮĻɲס
Ϊʲôô˵
峤ǻԼҹɡ
Ҳû˵˵껰ҴҾǰߣǼϽȥ
·鿴Ƣ̫ãһ·ĬĬͷǰУҲٸ˵üͷǾһĭŴĭõһЩ
ĭ˵λովһġڽħ塱峤͵£ۼŴһˣٲȻѾγɹģԴһս´֮һֱ˵ɽħһ֮²ҲʱĭҰΪ˵ӡ
һٶУĭһǺлԸµ֮⣬˾Ȼǡ֮󡱣֮ô˵ֻΪһٶ˶һͬϡһٶȫΪħᡭ
⻰֮ҾȻ˵ˡ
һٶˡ
ɽǰĸɽϣһжٽħֱϵѪͳֵ¾ܾۼһٶôأ


1163 ˵
ҲǼұĭĻסͻͷɨһۣ¶ĨЦݡ
ûҿڷʣѾЦ˵Сθո˵ЩһܾȰɣ︮Ҳûϵɽ׹֮󣬾Ȼôĺ˴ڰɣ
⡭ⲻܡ
ҡҡͷһɽٺ︮صͳƹɽȷĺ㣬ħѪʱһ֮⣬͡
ǣ㣿Щݲţôѵ˵㻹ڻǲɣ
˵ͻȻֳǰ·һͣʲô¡
Ц˵磬۵ݣҪҪΪ֤ʵһ£
Ǻǣ⣬Ҳ֮úüʶʶʲôĸɽˣ
˵Żͼּ̧ӡһԼ·̡֨֨طɳֻľ񡭡
ڡңϵã
黰˵꣬еӡͻȻһ仯ŵͽ󱳵·͵һһ£һĲѾ·һѳ˻
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һ˵һ˫߲߬ڿл˼£һͷžͰԼס
ɫĲϵһ˲䣬鱻סĪʧҹ֮£ټ
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ʱԭվѾһĵطִɽ
£ҲѾƿٶ¶˳
ۿؾȣʱһЦһ°ǿɫĲ·һְ˵ҸԷ£һֱҡײƭ˵ԼǸڽħ峤ƾʲô㶮Ǹڼַ䣿з
ҡ
֮£ҾȻ˵ˣԾЩ顭
ǰһֱԽħĺڼǣڵķ٣ֻǰһЩеķ¼ԵѧһЩѡ
ȻΪķƿ֮Ϊɽشҵ¼޼Ǹոʩչַ֮˵ˣûм
סһԵֲмһЦ˵ô֤Լɽ˵˰ɣٺ٣һɻ˵ǶøɽҲֻ֤Լɽӵݶѣȴ֤Լħ塯ѪͳݣΪֻо˺͡ħ塯ѪͬʱϰɽԲԣ
˵ŻֳЦЦ˵磬һһɵģνӦ䱻֮ǰҲٶѧɽéɽԱԱ㲻Ҳչʾչʾ
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һЦ˵ʱͻȻһ˦֣һֽѾ˳ڷ˳ֱֱҵ
ҸϽֽ̧סǷ䣬ȴֽûκģǿհ׵ģûҷӦأǿհ׷ѾСһըһŻŵøϽѷڵϣһɽ㾹Ȼܿհ׼
ʲôأ
˵Żּһſհ׷ֽһǷֽըһ׵éɽ׻䡭
Ҹհ׻סһ˹ָּ̧֮éɽ׻ҵȻϵá
գۼĹѾĳţֻ㣬ûлֵĴ㣬ʱͺһֳ֣ͣͣһ˵Сӣ㻳𣿡
ŭĬĬѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʱĭҲܹ˵Сҿ㻹ǲҪˣ֤֮⣬һٶˣÿһʩչɽо˵ѧϰֻԷʩչİܵһʱѧᣬⶼ֤ǡħ塯˵ݣǻô֤˵ˣڵĸַ֮ʧ֮⣬λùûģҲɣ
⡭
ĭᣬƺȰңȻ⻰һȴ˼Ρ
ȷʵǵ֮ǰʹְ͹ùãܲܶഫһЩ۸ڽħıŵϾҲǽħĺᣬһֱûСĶʲôŵѽ
ǰְ͹ùõһЩɽ̵ĶҲƽƽʲô߽ط
⣬Ҳ˵Ϊɽʱǵ궼ùûǰĺӣյԹġе﷨˳͸ѧʲô߽׵ĵ䷨ɽٺүүԴӱȻҲûн̹˲ʹ͹ù̳еĸڵ̫࣬Ҳ㲻Ͼˡ
ɲò˵ǣȹùֻƾʱѧĸڵԼĥУܽλ롰ʮڣ˶Ŭ˶ʹ࣬ǳ޷ġ
Ĭһ֮ҸϽʣǡħ塯˵ݣˣһ벻ͨǵͣɽʱҲǺӶѣǵĳôӸɽ֮µԱģǺүүְ̡ʲôϵ
㲻׵黹ء
Ц˵һ㲻ػɣȷʵǽħ֮˵һٶˣٶЩѪԵϵϾҳһϧѽ
̾˿ֺһ˵ϧλħͷĴΪֱϵȴڵĵ٣˵ȥЦһ˸Ϊһ̸Ǻǣһ±Цء
˵һ˦ﳤȥҲֻ㬵صͷ棬ͺҭû˵ˡ
ɽﴩûã쬵ҹ֮£һ֨֨ͻȻӸߴһֻֻңѾӿзЩľķжЩ֣ƺÿΪһġ
ʱֻľķһһɣÿֻľ֮Ѿƾձһ͸ϷƵģЩȻΪΣԲˡڵס
ʣЩضҲ͵ˣΪǶͨҶĸڵ
Ƿ·ĭҲѸҼ򵥽һ¡
һʱǵǵʱĳѧĲɻзⷨ˵ʦ֮ɻİ࣬Ҳⷨ˸ɽУҼԸ֮ɣͳǸɽһ۷ˡ
⡰˵֮˵֮ǽߺɢҩζʹ»ãһҶĿһ㣬ǱУЩ÷͵۷˵νˣû磬ȻȻҲȻʿķۡ
ҷʱһϤȴͻȻӿƮ
峤ɻˡ


1164 
ͷ͵һϽſȥͼһȺ̤ңӿն
գۼĹȺѾѸٵ˵ϣһ˵أ̶͵ķΧ˹ȥʼǽʳʶ
֮ѭЩ˵ģһϸֻΪȺиոմǸʵ̫Ϥˡ
ʵЩ˵ݺְѾҪİˣΪĭ·϶ᵽιļƻԱ䡣
ĭ֮;ʹŴ󲿷˳ѰңĭټʱҲѾ˸ǵټǲɫؿʼ÷ļƻ
ָʾУȫٸһ˵ĶԱʱϮͯӵ׼ͲĭԲŽָ˵񽻸Լĸ飬Լֳıĭˣź͡ħ塱һȺ˷ֲ
ʱһȺ̤ңġħ塱Ѿ׷װݵڵأҽɫһͿÿ˵
ͷһ˳͹ֱȭ˵峤Ϯǲܽȥˡ
ΪʲôܽȥΪζ
ͽüͷһŭ𣺡Ҳǽһ˵صΪʲôж
峤ǲжʵ޷ְ
Ǵͷֳ֮Ÿίؿ˿ڣվתűһָ˵ǻûԶ峤ǹȥˡ
Ϳ˵컨׹ҲĲǣ
һߣ˵ŻϽǴͷ˾ͳǰȥһȺġħ塱ҲϽҴҵظȥ
Ҳ˲ٹ˼ոǡϤˣһ˶첽ǰУҲֻܸæȥ
ָȺǰ˴ףǰĴͷͻȻͣͣ½ŲĵطѾֵķΧ֮ڣſһѾмһյˡ
ʱͼǴͷ˳ſһָһ̾Ʋ˵峤㻹Լɣô
Ǵͷ˵ĻǶѭָķ̧ͷһ˲䣬Ҷס
Уͼ¹֮£һ޴ĺӰڻǰС
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ˮǧʮ򡭡ţȻ֡
⻰ҲһϽ˵˵ʲô
ĬĬס
ھ֣˵ʱӦĻ֮С
˵ꡰɽϹĸػľɽžŹݶеĳػľֵܸػľɣľ֦Ҷɾػ
Ϲ䣬Ͼ͸ָ´ɱɽй¶˲佨ľĶѨ½ľձϾߣػľľڴһȺʿ֮֡
ǻޱȡ
ɫſϸһҲҲһ
԰ңڻþ֮пǾ
ǺӰξ޴ڿĴǰУһֻͬһСɽӴľӥ
Ǿ͵ӥÿĴһγ򣬾㴵ҰڣһϸһǾ͵ĺӰıϣƺԼԼܿӰıϾȻˣ
ʱ̧ͷſо˵ڤ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲΪΪ֪֮伸ǧŭɣ֮ơҲˣڤһڤߣҲдǱɽľػ֮һ
ľҸϽ˵Ϊʲô˵Ϲ䣬Ѿ
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üͷɫ˵ϹҾϵȻϤҲй֮Եʱʱ޿̲ػɽĶѨ֮пؽľ뿪һΪ֮սûԲμӣȴû뵽ȴûܶɱĶˣվɱ
˵ҸϽֽӻ˵԰ȫûɳѽ
С˵ꡭ
־ŵؿ˵ȷʵɽбɱд˵ʱһѪٶԾϽľֻצץסľɲţӴ˾ûܽ뽨ľ룬ǽľתʱڽľ֮ϵľʬҲһתƵ˹ɽС
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껰˵ͷֽ˵ľϾñֲڣʬҲת˽ȥҲ֪ǸáŮ洼ƻ˹ֻû뵽ȻȻ
˵ĹǾ͵ĺӰѾƱµشͷϿ̵ط˹ȥʱǴͷġħ塱սսͿ˵峤㿴û뿪ʱȷʵ麣˿ͯӡԼܻ︮ˣǸͲ½ϣǣǾ͹ıϣǸ޷
Ǵͷ˻˵ҲһԿ˿ڡ
峤ôһ˵㻹治ֵܹǣ۾Ϯƻ֮ǰռƻִУԼСεİΣһ뿪ˣɶԷ־͹ıϣ²ְ֮ҲŸϽ㣬Ҳۿˣòٴ˰ɣ
˵ʱͼ̧ͷǿеľ޴Ӱɫࡣ
Ҳ֪֮ǰšͷߵĸضҲıϣ²硢ȻҲڣеķҪЩ˸ɽ
뵽Ҳֳͷڲ취硢˵ĻǾͻᱻֱӴɽˣһ︮Ľ׳޷ֻأҪװѼսˡ
ĽǵʱȴѾݺݵسһۣŭ˵ϣǾΪƶߣôһͯΨһĻᡭ
ͶݺݵߵһͨŭΧһȺħ塱⻰صͷȻҲ⣬Ȼ곤Ȼϱ鶼ܿһٸһǧѷ
ͷĬʱŭɶ߳ţڣƺҲ̲סˣ̧ۼ͵һͣŭ˵峤б취ѽ


1165 
⻰ڣ͵һ¾ס
ҲܹȺħ塱ĺᣬȻƽʱλ峤ϹϾģ鹫ȻײǵһΡ
ڷŭŭͣûнǻջصĴ㣬Ķײħ塱ĺᶼѾŵɵۡ
һĬͻȻֿ˿ڣһŭ𣺡峤۽ħֵܸɶǳصģһ˵ǵħڵĶ֣ҲϵȣҪ͵Ϯͯӣԣһ˿һʤ㣬ǰƴȥҲԸΪ󣬿㿴ǾƣǸʤĿܣѵ˵ǲң񵽿ȥѻʯɱɣۿɶǽħѪˡ
飬졭
һŭ𣬶ŭ֮ĹԹԵؽʣµĻȫֱ˻ȥ۾ͷٲ˵ˡ
ȻֹͣΧħ塱ǵȴֶѾΧ
һңа˾ųɶΪ飬롰峤ϢŭҵҪ͵Ϯԡ
һ˶Ϊ˵͵ǵûкתɫøѿ
ΧһȰҧҲػĬ֮Ȼ͵ĳѾ˼޶壬ͻȻһŭȣŭΧСħ塱ᶼŵر졭
ǶҪ˵ˣǽڣڣ
ͼͽ߬ȭͷͻȻһŭȣΪڡħ塯ᣬΪʦϯҽħӵܱη塢ʿ䣬ǿڵӣʲô
͵ŭһȺħ塱ֻŵضͷ
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ӡһɣءһһŰѾ͵֮ը˳ǷỊ̇ͼֻңٴзɳûΧ˷ӦȻһԾֻľıϣαһľųͬʱɫصͷ˺Ҫء롯ֻǲϧһҪɵڶضһҽħӲãԸߣҳֵ︮ǡ
⡭
ͻһڣ˶סʱͼԼѾڿգƯڿСԶȥؾͺӰ׷˹ȥ
˶ͷԶȥķ򡢲֪֮ʣħ塱ɵȺ֮УͻȻһŭ𣺡峤־Ը㸰
˵һŰըɢȺѾݳһʮûȻ£Ѿֻ̤ңԶȥķ׷˹ȥ
峤ҲԸǰȥһ
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ڴˣ峤һ
ɻڴˡ
峤¶ڴˡ
һŭ𣬾ͼȾһħ塱ᣬѾ̤ľԶȥķ׷˹ȥ
һ棬ɵĳ
ΪħĺˣΪһֱΪħ塱峤֮ˣЩɢ˼ġħ塱ᾹԸһСӣҲԸһһ䣬峤ãδҲ̫ʧˡ
һٶʲô˼
ǵһ¶ʱҪøڵסҵ壬ӶɱлĭֹҲӹһ١
ˣҵԩҶͷŶѽΪʲôȴҪҵæϧΪҶأ
ΪʲôͻȻȫȫİңеԭҰ˼⣬ۿһԼٶЩϵΪͬһѪеġħ塱ǸͷܲسǾջ͵͵һ
ν࣬ȻǺǣȴȫȫذҷ̡ء롱һжڣ˵վһˡ
ʼĥ˵涼סұ첻ĻͷҴɰǶ︮УϾ֮ʣЩְţضܹ°빦ɡ
˭뵽ûҴ뷨֮ѳȥϤѾٶȴӿƱ
Ҳһ
һԺ֮СˡһϽ̧ͷȺѾ̤ңڿնηɨ˹ȥ
ϸһЩİ֮УȻһģģӰʱʱ͵͵ǵҴܡ
ӰϤӰӳ߿յȺ֮ʱҽסٶһؾԣ
⻰ɲ˵ģں֮ǰѾĥãȻԼǰһУǣվѾΪ࡭
ֽɫϸһȻͼȺ֮Уиʮ͵Ӳֻ̤µľͼ׷͵ıڿն𡭡
ۿԵĽѾ̤ң뿪棬ҸϽһʹܽȺûзɸߣ͵һѾ߬סĽţָ
ɶѽ
һ˵أѽֻľҲȵ÷飬õݺһѣֺ˵СӰʲôæ
ԣѽСѽ
Ҳŭ֣קĸ첲һͨҡΣû뵽Ȼʱܼԣͷһϲ
˭֪ʱȴһ˦ҵֺ֣ݵһ˵˭أ


1166 Ϯ
ʲô
⻰ڣҰûôأ
ҸϽ־˵ɱҿЦ￴ͣⱣԣԱգô
ʲôԱգգ
ۿֵܶѾڿնԼֱţͻȻϵ·תҿĺ󱳣͸ĭһԵĺҲǽħĴ嵥
ʱŭ˵㿴û˽ħ崫գ˵Ագϴˣ
˵껰ѿҵ֣ӡͬʱִӿڴ﻽ֻľžڿն𣬰һԭط
ۿһȺֱֱǾ޴ĺӰĭ˹˵Сǲϴˣǽħˡ
ϲϲ
ҡҡͷ˼˵ոץסֱʱߣһ䣬ǵ̻ڡ
̣ʲộ
̡
һش˵ֻҹſڿⱣʱҲᣬ۱ֱ绹أǵҸȥʱ¶Ⱥȶ¸һ˸ˣԼ˾ȥܣСͳֱϸһ˰̾ôµġ
˵ɨһۣ˵ջˣȴû̵λҲû䣬㲻̫ɺ𣿡
˵ҲͷĬֳĭһɨȥüʣ⵽ô£ΪʲôҹԱգҡһ˽ħգ͵£Ӧװɣ
ңҲ֪
ĭҡͷٶȱʣһƣǰĭƵò޳˵ҺС綼ûң治֪Ҿ֪ħ֮˶ǽħѪͳΨһˣô֪
治֪
Ҫƭ㣬Ҿ衭ԺҲô˵ӣ
ôҲ£УһΣ
һĭҲʲʲôҲˣ̧ͷϿͼΪ׵һȺѾ׷ǾͺӰı󡭡
ǻڻڷɵľȻҲѾ˱ƽΣգ͵ػӶ³һʱŰúĽħ˴ˤ˺ü
һϽֳһͨŭ𣺡ҷɢٷ裡飬һҲ͵Ϯ˵עҴһ˴ͻϮ죬ҵźš
ǣ
ڱ˵ͷѡһ̲̤֮ľͳҲ˹ȥ
עⱣԼ
һ˵һ˷һȺ˸ϽЧ£ͼЩ˵Ӱһһʧҹ֮УȻǶѾƽ˾ԡ
ʱǾľӰϣȴͻȻֳһѭϸһǸڱȶͷĲ豳ϣζеıˮͷë麣Լֳ־޸ҡ
һҲȲȥˣϽŭһܡһ޳β˲䡰ءһ̤ųڿնֱֱǾ޴ĺӰ
ι㵹ǵȵѽ
ҲӰĭҲ̤ľ׷ɻûǽӽǾͺӰأͼһ˸ͬʱһҽҲѾӿд
֮£ֻһħ˴ӿвҽ׹ʱһŭͻȻĵط
Ϊʲôûźţ
ŭУ͵һѽҿϵ۾ͳȥһҲˣͳǳϵĸһ
ЦƺȫûеƵģʱֻ麣ͻȻһЦǰ͵һˣ˲仯ΪһŻĹâǰˡ
һҽУ麣еʱ䱻ץӵ֧飬Ǻһ麣ѽˣգۼĹѾ麣ץӿˤ˵桭
ڸһߵҲǱƽľ޸һ֮ͨ˵һΪѪȣټϸбˮĽϣһʱǾȻ
߳ϲҼսʱ͵۳ǾͺӰҲɨһۣȴȻûκεĶˣߵأ
һʱҲܲôˣϽɹȥսֱ֣ڿз˺ҧץӵ麣
ۿ麣һˣ̧һը˹ȥءһ麣ǰأ۵麣ֱ죬һҲس󵹷˳ȥܿץס˴ӺӹһˣһԾµĹҵǰ
С۸ּ
ЦУ麣һ³ţһ˫צţһ˫ֱ۾ֱֱҵĺ޲ϾͰƵġ
麣ʽĹʽ˽ⲻˣֹ麣ӮҲƺֹʽРس
ۿ麣˵ǰһ֣ܳͣϽƾ˹ȥס麣εͬһʱǹҲѴ˹ȥû뵽麣֫ץסƵıԵһڿնܹǹͬʱѾӿٶ
˿иϾǰûٳĿǹϹŲڱ麣ıϸȥ
ʱްߵһȺȴԭΪôһȺǡԶ١û뵽ͻȻбˮһŭȣǾľ޴ë棬ͻȻʼһںӰ
Щȫ׹̵ĿɳۣˣڵȴͬƴҰһ㡭


1167 ϣ
һ۾ϳЩӾëġɾáŮ洼ƻתĽʬ
ЩʬжݡʽݶҲ⣬ĿĽľ֮֮⼸û㣬һսʱҾѾ̹ǵ֮ˡ
˭뵽һ˹ɽ֮󣬾Ȼ׹֧̾ġʬҲΪ˼У˾ë
ûüΧСӦԣͻȻ֮䣬ͼǴëһֻֻʬѾʼΧǷȥҽøӼգۼĹһ˱Щľȥ
һʱƬ̵Ĺһ֮УдѾЩʬвҧֻʣһСֻڸײͼ䵽ĳһϸ¡
⼸Ѿǲܵˣҳɨһֻۣǳϣ϶һ˴СëÿһƬë֮£ʱ˿̶нʬӾδС㣬Ҳиֻ⻹ô
ЩʬġʹáƺҲģͻ˼֮󣬴ëĽʬӷ˵Уһʱ֮͸ˡʬꡱƵģǴӿзɹġֻһƬƬɽ֮䡭
һž˵ҲмǧʬӾıȥؾɽ֮ҲûټЩʬġ˱ʬѣԽֹ
Һòװ麣Ͻߴ嵽͵ĸǰ˵ͣ㵽ваôȥۿɾȫûˣ
ңһأ
ͶݺݵһۣһʩչǧٹֵķԸ˹Ľʬһŭغ˵ģǻ쵰״ܵĶȥˣѲұˡնȥˣ
͵ĻŸո˵ԵͻȻӲԶ
峤ˣ
Һ͸ϽԶȥͼһȺĴ³߷ɹ
Ǿս壬һȻ˷еٶȣٲΪ䵥Ľʬײˤľˡ
ûȷɵԣͷͻȻһŭ𣺡ֵǿ쳷Ǹûʤ㣡Ϊڻ
˵øˡ
һ⻰͸ŭҲ˲мУľͳȥԶԶһŭȣ飬ȥעĶȥˣ
ôҲûʤ㣡
üͷҲŭò˵ˣֺ˵ЩɶԼˣ㲻ǣҲİǶڻԲûж֣Ϊ֪ǸӮˣֻѻʯ
飬⻰̫ˣ峤㾹ȻΥҵ
峤ôˣ峤ܲ𣿡
˿˵һ֣˺ұˣ쳷
㡭
ƺҪ磬ɾʱĭһҽȴԶҽһҺͶϽѭȥͼĭѾһֻʬľȥʱ˿桭
СΣ
ҺͼͬͬһʱͽżһľҲϷ£Ҳ˲ñˣĭˤȥĵط׷˹ȥ
ĭˤٶԽԽ죬Ѿȫ˲ʩٻľסԼˣΪǽĽʬѪڣҪҧĭƴ˫ֶסǽʬ򦣬һʱǻûҧɴ㲻ڰбҧһҲǵøˤɡ
Խ׷ԽۿĭѾҪ׹䵽ĸ߶ʱ׼ĳǹͬǹһ˳ȥѪɫǹʱ仮Ƴգۡһô͸ǽʬԴǹĭĶ˹ȥ
ҳû׷ȥ߬סǹһͰǱǹ͸ĽʬĭʱҲֱͬʱһѾͱסĭžһ죬ͬʱ񴩹ֻءһ˵ϡ
ŸոǽʬĿյҽԱһ֦ϣͷһĭԽ˵أڵϲȳЬӡȶûüֱͦء
ٿĭȻһȻʱһǺ֮ǰӾһȺʬѾ˷Χ˹
⣡
һ߬ǹҪȥˣʱһŭ͵һ̧֣Ȼѱڻĭҵķ˹ŵĭҽС
ĭӳһ˲䣬˫ϥؽڴɡһһΣڡͨһ˵ϡ
ҸϽֽ̧סĭʱͼƴӵһ˻𡪡
ҵˣܲˣСߣ
С磡
ĭһһһ˻𣬶ҲѱһȺʬΧм䡣
ۿ˷ΧĽʬԽԽ࣬ȴ£һֳֻŵ棬һڱһץץһͭǮǬеļ͵ϮһмܣʱЩʬҲ׽
չͬˣȻҲܼȣͳԡѪսŭ˵ι㡭
Ҫ
ûҰѻ˵أ͵ŭѾٶȴ
潩ʬ̫࣬ҵ˫ȸոѾˤϣȲҵģ׷ţСߣܵһ˺
С磬ҲߡҲߡ
ۼͱֻ͵ϮĽʬץˣĭõĻӦȴͷŭ
ߣ͸ߣħû˭ԣû㣡ߣǸɽϣ߰Сߣ


1168 ໤
һ˻һмΧһȺʬϮתۼ˺ۣΪոյ׹䣬ϸ˫ϥѴСȹǸ׹Ƥ˳
ȫȻˣƴԡѪսӼп˿ı˺Ϳ־
ҲݣȺ޲ȥƴһս͵Ļף¿еǶѾԹ˲Ͼˣ֮ǰӿɰǧĽʬѾķ˹
ȥæڵܾĿҲԳɣ˵ˣĭô죿
ͼҾСŮ˵Ȼһ壬;Σ֮УȻ⡰塱ʲôأҲ֪
֪ǣȥͣڿûԮֻܰĭһ˷ϣڵضܲȥսǾֻ·һ
ȥԹԵشϣЩǵĽʬҲѾʼǧټƵˡ
׷һҪСΣһ
׸һŭֲʵ˵ʱͼ˫ֽӡӡͬʱΧĽʬûȥ͵Ϻݺݵҧ˼ڡ
Ӳҡؽ־֮ءһǬỊ̇һֻֻľѾʼ֨֨ط˳
ЩľķٶȺһɳǬûգ󲿷ľѾΧĽʬһֻֻץס飬ΨֻľѡӭǾͷ˹
Ҳû˵ʲôĭĿͼͻȻ˫ڵϺݺһģžһվȻͷѵ˫ȴ˺ѷεľʹ۵̲סһҽС
Ҳ֪ΪԼΣǿģҽΪһĿЦһ˻𡪡
ۣ۵ˬ
ŭû䣬ͻȻʼײʬȺǰ񱼣һΧĽʬҲ񱼵ķ׷˹ȥףΪЩʬĿꡭ
Сӣӡ
ҸпʱֻľѾɵҺĭԣΪѾ뿪ԵʣЩľ񲢲ܾ׼طɵǵĽ£ǰͻȻһſŸ߸ߵ͵͵гһ¥ݡ״
ЩľûΪʧȥö£ҸϽǿнĭ˼ϣһֻľ񣬽̤ľͳ񣬴˸߿ա
ˣ
ݳʱһŭ𣬼ϿղԶͷɵϽץסǣҳſһսûֹͣ˵󲿷Ѿʼ鳷룬һԼһȺʬסͷ衱ıϣء͡ⳡѪȵսء
費ú
ҶݺݵͺһȻµľƣѾɲҸƴˣҲܿͱǼϴ뿪ս֣Ҳʱ׷˹İ˲٣־һβҰܣߵһ·ϣδⶼó˵ˣʱʱģһԴЩڿޣȻҲѾɤӶ˵ĭˡ
ʹ޵ͬʱʱʱ£ΪʲôԼġС硱ĬĬͷ֪Ӧԡ
ߵ·ϣѾ͵򵥵ظΪ׵˵һ飬Ҳǿԭ֮һ
ιҲ̫𡭡
ƺǿЩھΣֻ˵ͻȻľɵҵԣӿڴͳݸһ
ҵųһڣһߡ
㻹˵ԼԣⱲӾͰţиϰߣϲ̾ﵹƣ˵о㣬ܲϰ߶ôɺϰɣ
˵껰ͻȻƲ죬̾˿˵ѽֵѽ㵽ҪôͰĲʲôԣϴˡ
ϲ
ҡҡͷᶨ˵֣òֱϵ˰̵̣ϰߣΨһֻСաͬѣôɺϵ𣿡
һʣԼˣָͷ˵ⲻʲô԰췢ģҪ˵ԣøոЩʬҧ鿩û
ǣ㡭
⵹Щ֪ˣֻ˵
ȷϣԾ󣬿Ϊʲôǲأʲô
Ҳ֪ǺʱͷҲѾ˹ޱɨһ˵治ʲôԣǽħգûǽأϲ
û𻰣˵ֵܣȻǵһμ棬վҲǽħѪ»Ҳ㣬ȸǻӪذɡ
ʲôӪأʡ
˵ȻǽħԼӪأ峤Ȼû㵱ˣԼˣȻӪģһҪ
˵ʱؽҧ޲ðӶɳˣ⵹ҾЩ⡣
ΪӸոսʱ͵̬ȺȻò롣
̲סһ䣺ôôҪ𣿿ǸոսʱΥ
£
ĵ˵峤Ȼ˶ֵǵˣǳ̾ڹɽ£ֶٻˣôôɾ͸ɵýŶõҲ֪峤ôˣ֮Ȼô³çѵ˵ȳǵˣԼֵܵҪ𣿡
һͨԹֳĬˡ
ǰ˵ҲֵͦģʼʱͻҪɱңͻȻ͸վͬһߣΪ˾ͯӺˣԵñһǣçײͷȥνĪ׷ϸ룬һжȷʵǷȱǣΪʲôأ


1169 峤֮
ΪʲôûҪˣ֮;ѵĿܣѾ
һ뵽Ҳϧ̾˿ĭҲһ

˵ħפؾڹɽ²ԶĵطһƬɽ֮Уɽ̧ͷԶǰѾΡƵĹɽˡ
۳һµɽѾΪ֮ˡ
ΪٱײţûҴķƽӪأ;·һԭܵ·̣ȴһ졣
ǱפڵɽʱѾǰҹˡ
˵ƬӣǰȫˣΪΧкܶɽ͹ɽħλƽʱħôҽӽɽ֣ûҵפأ˵֮ˡ
һ˲ĶܲǱߵ¡
ҸܲѾǳʧȥϵҪɱүҲ֪ˣѹѾǴļ·ռƻŹɽʱˡ
޷ڰжֻҹо˼ڹģӴ󣬶ȻҲ޷нο·ϱضɽɳħϮֹۡ
ܲʱǼоʱ䣬ĻһڴܸϵɽűˣҲϣ̫쵽ΪԼûǡ

һصħɽկټ˿ᣬ֮
˵峤Ѿսһ˲ŵ˵ˡ
һʱ䣬ɽڵУһƬѻȸ˶Щ֪룬֪ôźˡ
ԱһֱĬĬ˵ҲǽħһӣվЩб𣬸ɱǵˡˡοԼǸʧߣʲô廰Ȩأ
ЩϵľűҲܿȻ˵ǡ񡱣еġ⡰Ԥ׵صˣһʱ֮˶Щܲˣв峤Ǩŭҵϣͼйߣڶĭ˸ֹס
ȻһֱԼҵġʶһ·ϣ񵽴˽ħĲص㣬ҶǸչˣһˡᱻ۸˳ӣ˸һֱػߣ˵̡
ָо˵ֻص˵ҹϰʱһǵʱҺ϶ΰԸͣѲߣûµʱҾϲ̸˵أĵòֺ
ôʣȴǼԼաԡ
һŰĳĬ֮󣬴ͷֿ˿ڣվ˵λ峤ѾˣǶôʹģⶼѾǸı䲻˵ʵˡ
˵⻰ʱĭһЩŮ˶пʼĨ
ɨһۣһ֮ͻȻüͷһ壬ֽ˵峤䲻ˣȴţǻʣһˣħҲᱻҲһҪǸģɲΪ峤ĬҪ𣡱𣡡
黰һڣȺ̴֮ӦӦԽԽ࣬һĵŭ
Ϊ峤𣡡
ԣ峤װȥ
磬峤֮ʸϣǸôɣ
ģźںŵ˳Ĭǳ˹ȥĿ⾼ڴ˵ķ
ҲɨһۣɿһͷĹǾ޵ֳһ˿ĪЦЦת˲֮ʧ̧ͷɫ˵˵Ҫһ۽ħԪˣȺ׵վäĿж
黰һڣȺ˾˵磬Ǿǰɣ
ԣ磬ߣߣΪ峤ɣ
ңҺεºܰ
ǾϲǿЦ⣬ȻȴǼʵ˼£Ҳɵһߣ˵Ҳ֪ЩɵǱ޳ӣһ֪峤λ˵ֻȻĵ
ЩƺûʶѾϵˣһζش飬뽫峤֮λ
һ֮˰˫֣Ц˵˺ˣȻλֵܶô飬ȷʵҪʵִ֣Ҳֻݴ峤֮λˣ˵ǰ棬ֵ֮УһбҸʵ峤ѡΪ峤˳˭úʵ峤Ļ͸վ˵һó峤֮λ֮ʿһΣ
磬ʵѡˣ
һ£Ⱥٶֻ˼غǰ磬Ǹ峤Ϯʱ˸ļƲȫû㿴ָ˳Ļǿ¶Ѿǳսˣƾһ㣬쵼;峤֮£磬峤֮λĪ
ѽֵܱô˵飬εºܣεºܡ
һͨӦɻûأɽ֮УͻȻһ
ǰ飬εºܣ
һһʱе˶סĭڿ˵ĿҲȻֹһ˫˫۾׷׾ŵسĶ˹ȥҶ⡭
ţһ󾪺ѴȺ֮дŶȥͼһӰ𽥿Խ
ɨһ飬ҲѾԲ۾˼ر飬˼֮ڿһ
壬峤㲻Ѿ
߽ͣȽһ˺۶


1170 
һ뵽֮ǰУ޾ĽʬΧסһ˺ҧĻ棬Ҳŵؽ¶ɨһ顣
ǹˣ͵Ȼû˺˿ڣ·ѾõòˣȻǱЩʬ˺ץӳ⸱ģǲƵ·ѾѪȾúͮͮģˡ
һƵ·濴ûû˺˿ڣһ˿һûУҵʱ˫ȶѵСȹǣѾϥ˳ھȻҲѾĸԭˡ
㣬㵽ǹ
Ҳһ̫ˣ˵Ϊеĸָ֣ٶȱһҪһЩпԭôѵĹͷֽ˻ȥأοֻһʱ䣬οʱ֮£ͼûκܻĿܡ
ҾŵʱĭȴѾųһͷ˹ȥ͵һѾͽסͣ͵Ļﺿ
С磬ǹ㶼Ҫ뿪ˣ㣬㡭
ĭ޵һѱһģ¶һ˿Цḧ˸ĭͷ΢Ц˵СɵϣҵȻǻˡ
𣿡
⻰֮ĭ̧ͷĨһѱ֮ص˰죬ȷͱ֮Цּذһѱס޴Ц˵С磬Ҿ֪һƽģҾ֪
ȻˣҪûôס
˵⻰ʱͱĿ⾹Ȼɨ顣
ŵһŻϽͷӭ˹ȥϲ˵峤û뵽㻹š
㵱Ȼû뵽
һЦֹ
⻰ԵøˣϽһִԱ߽йֽ˵ǻɵŸʲôΪĴ򣬻Ͽһ峤ơ
ǣ
˵ͷϽΧ˹ȥȴһֱƴǣ˵Լû£
Ѫܵ·ӣȻţȻĿһ˴һ˫Ѿȣ֮ǰĵظǣս֮ǰˤ˫ȣͷ˳
ʱͼֱ͵һ˫СȥƺȷϹͷһ֮һͻȻ̧ͷ;
壬峤Ĺ֡
֣ôַҶ˵ûˡ
ˣȷʵû˺ۣǡ
ǴͻȻԥ͵Сȹһֱܿ͵ɫԽԽ𾪡
һҲס֪򵽵ʲô
ʱһһֱĴҲѾŵվ𾪵˵峤ǰǴûƹˣҲ֪幹죬ǣһĹ⡭
ŶôⷨЦʡ
ĹĹôôŮ˵Ĺ
Ǵ⻰һڣΧ˲һƬ
Լû̫⣬ֻЦЦû˵
ʱһ򾪺˵ֹǹ峤Ƥôôϸֱۣ͸Ƶġ
ʲôֵģò˶þͻָԭˡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ż˸ɨһԵһֳ֮ΧһȺʳʶ̵˿˵ǾȱˣȻһȷʵԪˣʵӲƽʱɣ뾲ĵĻ˱ز
˵ǣĭ־ߣֻͷɨһ˵Сθҹ˸øʲôʲôȥҸѩ޵аš
̬ȼҲ˵ʲôˣǶ˵ͷĿʹҺĭ뿪˻С
ӻ֮߳ʹضҹգջصԼķ֮ڡ
ʱĭԱһֱɨͣһСزΪˤƵġ
ƺҲһ̣һ߽ʱܲȽ뿪ʱĭĲ֮£ŲѾЩȳˣ·ĲҲ
ССһ
ĭȹĵؿڣͶĬĬͷҲ˵һֱ˷䡢غ֮˦ĭԼ֣첽ߵ˴ߣ
ĲָֻȽҸȷʱװģüͷʣͣ㵽ڸʲôôӽʬİΧӳģУϣΪʲôһƶûУʶٵˣɴûָٶȱ绹ܸġ
Ҳǻָ
ؿ˿ڣ⻰һŵһԵĭʱһʱ̧ʾҪְڰ֮󣬲С˵ϵһʵҾأѾˣƫƫǸ˵ˡ
ĭѾһãȻҲüͷʣͣ⻰ʲô˼
ҵ˼ǡҲ㱻ЩʬʬʳңҲֻҪһͷҶɹͷµƤͬ
˵ųϲƵѪ£ȫ¶Һĭǰ֮ǰǴ˵һƤ⻬ֱۣƤƵġ
ҲѾȷһˣ֮ǰǴ˵͵ĹŮˣǸˣд
ûҷʣѾҴҵؿ˿ڣС㻹ǲǵҸ˵ĻҪˣֻһȻвͨˣû뵽Ȼ뿪ëôĽʬôֻеڶˡ


1171 
ڶʲôڶ
ҸϽ׷ʣȻȴδش𣬶ֱؿʼҿ
˵Ҳ˵˲ᣬĭҲһԣЩ֪ĬĬ
ж֮ǰǻҪһ¡
ͻȻڣ˵ŻͼִӴָ̧ң˵Ҫս
սսʲôʡ
ͻȻһЦֽ˵֮䣬ҪѡһĽħ峤Уһֱʱ޿̲뵱˵㣡Ϊֻд㣬ҲİõĳΪ峤
峤һͷζѣôҪ𣿡
ȻҪ
ʻһڣ͵ȴüҧҧ˵Ҳ˵ͷβʲôǶҶԣȴһʹҵǣ¸˸ɽħʹ
ˣǣǿЦ
ͻȻЦЦ˲¶ɫңЦʲôʲôЦģ
ͣʲôˣֻǸӣȴҪԼŵĻƭԼ
˵껰ٶ׷ʣ⻰ʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥣ɽկĽħˣȫǼٵġ
һһڣü䲻ɵһ£ĭҲסվ˵Сں˵˵ʲôٵģôѲﶼǻþ𣿡
СΣҲ˼
ЦЦֽ˵ǵȻǻþѪˣȴǽħֱϵˣͣ˵ʲô˼װɣ
ҲףҸĻͽƱ˵
ãҾ㶮
Ʋ죬Ц˵еգԣҲ֪ǴҵʧģϤϴ
ЦˣǺǣΪͻң
Ȼֻ
ֽ˵ʵڵ֮ǰҾע⵽һ£ֻʱ˶֮УԲ𣬵ʱ˵ˡͣһֱԡ֮ͽλңɼҲվħ︮ôãʱȷʵ³çǷȱǣվɵ
Сӣ㵽˵ʲô
˵ĺܼ򵥣Ʋ⣬ɽկڵнħˣǸɽħĺᣬҲµòĻӦĳַǿס˵޸ǵļ䣬˵ڳһŵģ˵ӦòѰ쵽Ϊڸɽ׹ʱүүΪ˰˴˲Ҳͬķʽӡ޸Ҹĸļ䣬𣿡
˵ʱͼ͵ɫԽĭҲһĿ࣬ңֿͣԵЩ֪롭
ЦЦֽ˵ΪҸĸүүӡ£صصڵһЩϣķӡʽǵܼԴڸһķ׼ȷ˵ҩҩĵ䷽ʽɸشҩɽĿĳһʱڵļڸסøηΪдµļݣͣ˵ĶԲԣ
Ͷңɲ
һۣʣҩ䷽󺱼ķΪһش˸ûѧϰɴ˿ɼ˵Щ˶Ǽٵģͣȴеĺǽħĳֽܵϵͣ㵽˭˵㣬ʲô
һһ˵꣬һĬĬ֮󣬲ĭͻȻսսؿ˿ڣͷ˵С磬˵Щʲô췴ѽ
⻰͵ڷһ˿Цݣң׷ħȷʵҩԼ˵޸˼ķ£ɵƾһ㣬ƾʲôȷЩˣǼٵأ
ƾǵĶ֡
նػش˵˶֪ʦзڡʮ֧ϵÿɶиԵص㣬еӣʼзʽҲвֲ֮ͬͬҪ˸ϵзʽԼѧϡȷʵûڸɽй˵һԾⲢϸԼϵʷ
һ˵һ룬͵ЦѾȫϽӲס
ͣһ֪ԷΪϵзʽྶͥ˲ͬĵ֮⣬һڻѧҲõ֡ڵΪóԵԪԦ˲ǼǿƶҲȻϵĵҪ࣬ƽʱ˽ָӲǽƶܣӶѰƵ֮һ㣬ڰү϶õõ֣𣿡

ɲ
éɽвͬéɽ׻ޣʱֻˣǼȭŹ򣬶ǰбضռϷͻѹƣһ㣬ֻ׵ԼСһ˾ܵõõ֤éɽɡ׻ʦëС¹ҲϵòéɽӣǸڣҶ˵𣿡
ЦЦȴûлش
ʱĭһ䴫
ԹžǷصһɣ併ħѪһֱΪʦҳִΪ֪ʹаɱа·ߣɱͬţڻȭŹԼϣһƵУ̵ֺʱҪ
СΣ˵ĺܶԡ
ҵ˵ͷɨһ˵ϸЩνˡսʽأڼսͷױ¶ԣһ㣬޸ǵļ䣬ԡͬʱϰɽΪڸǣҲڸǲסģϮʱЩǴͷ֮³зʽвͬǽħ磬Ҳ²⣬ӦԸŸɣڵĵʽǺϰġͣ˵˵ĶԲԣ


1172 ̳˾ս
ʵʱ͵ɫѾײ԰һƬˣҲš
ûϢĻᣬֽ˵ҸٸӰɣͱȱϳݵġաԱͲǵˣ䲻֪ΪʲôͻȻɵĸ֣ϸ۲Է֣֮£ûеŸˣڼҽսʱڱܷӦԵñ˸ӽŻңֽŹҲЭ׾λڡˡĸߵ飬мӲսȴֱҪԹ˹ؽΪһ뽵ħĹϰߴྶͥ룬޸ļǰϰµİɣϰƺǵŵеģӲֲɱ˲ġǱħ˵ϰߣҲµòĻӦλڸɮԲԣ
Сں˵ʲô
һͱұʵû˵ˣĭüͷͷҶĽħѪͳֻһˣ˵˺òãֲǳĻһЩϰ߲ͬ˼벻ͬпԭ
ĭõԲ۾һʱҲ֪׸òüȥ
ҵʿһĭץסҪڣ˭֪ʱȴѾ˹
˵ûԭ飬ΪڱħˣǴʦ˹ϯӡ
⻰һڣĭʱסѾҲ˵һ仰ˡ
ʱһ˵˵ģʵνġħ塯УûһӵѪͳս´ңħԵĴǶʱҴĴȵһġ˵ҩҲȷдСԻӡħһеҩүү䣬ϵס㸸ĸļġ
ʣɾǱƣô̵ʱڣѧ֮ĸɽͷ÷ģǾʩչȫɽ岻˺̫ˡ
΢΢һЦҲҩÿ»ιǷһԶҩϳǿ壬ʵԶΪնеǱӶڶʱڵԴʱﵽħеĵزҩʴǵ壬ڷÿɻһ֮ãͣϣѪ
˵⻰⡱һɵؾ
͡㣬ˡ
ٿĭҲѾŵضͣȫӦˡ
СС磬ƭǶԲԣ㣬㲻µģħ峤
ԲСΣƭ㣬ƭˡ
аЦͻȻֳ˹Ц˵һǵ͹ˣû뵽֮£㾹Ȼܶ쵽ô
лл佱Ǻ˵㣬Ҳɵ
ɵɵνû˻ںһǺɵġ
û䣬ͻȻԤ׵ؾͳ
ûҷӦͼգۼ˵ҵǰ̧һΣڷɳһŻֽѾָסؿڴ˹
̧֮ȥץ͵˭֪ʱͼĽָͻȻһǰһžһǻֽȻҵؿڴ
ⲻɽĻҲéɽ׷ؿǰʱȻû˿ãҲѾһѾס͵
ҸҪȴû뵽ڳʱѾɿؽӡ̧һƴҲɵεˣءһײϡ
Ȼ͵Ĺȴûнҵ˳ȥʱͼٶȽӡʩǬʱըһŰŹỊ̇ͼһֻֻңʼ˳ſĿڴɳֱֱسҷ˹
ľıըɲһ㣬ͼʶˣ˲ҵ˫һľ㣬˭뵽ֻǰһȵĹ;һΣŷԼ˫ȾȻʲôֵĶסͶá
ҸϽͷһˣ˻ؿûü˺ŷ֮⣬ϸʲôûУɲӾǱεӸˡ
ȵȣΣ
뵽һֳԼϸһȻͼԼ˫Ƚ󴦣һ޵ӣӳֳһαװ͸״̬ϸͿ
΢ֻһۼӼϿͼӵĸȻһֱ쵽ؿϵŷ֮С
ʲô
һŭ𣬸Ҫְ̧Ƿ˺ֻңѾ嵽ҵǰһʱءը죬ǰͷֻľѾǰըҼʱûս׻ס壬ҪȻĻѾ촦ˡ
ɼս׵ıһǱըֱ˳žͷ˳ȥˤ˶
ħ峤ֻһɽõˣûȨһλá
һը̳֮УѾ˳˵ԹɽٿУéɽɽΪݷ֮ã뷨ںһãǽħŲҪԭ򡭡֮ΪѪȴֻԵУǣĿЦʲôȥڣ
˵ٶȽӡҸմӵֻּľѾɵҵǰ
ҸϽ˱ܣֻǼը촫ǰͷֻľѾըұʯϣʱ̧һץһѾסһֻľβͣӿק
ҳûһת߬ľͳ˹ȥȴһЦ
ľֻ߱˲ݣҵľըңôأ
Ц̧һѽסľ񣬲ȰͻȻءһľͻȻըֱӾͰը˸ϡá


1173 ľ
С磡
ۿһֱֻը÷飬ڷĭһУٿͣԼҲѾõԲ۾
ԼֻѾըָԼƵ֣ͻȻһһ
ôܣңģͬеĸֶܿƵס㣬㾹Ȼը
ҿҲֻˣܿľɣ
ЦЦ˵ʱһֻڿеңұƽ
ոһ㶵ĹȻʹ䷨Ҳжס˻ûüҵľֻڰжû
ۿľƵطɵҵǰ̧һץסȻûľըôĴָľƨɺһ̣Ѿľб󷽱ϵһСľ˿
ʵڸɽկʱ·ϣҾѾϸоЩֵľˣϸһо˵ǷʵյҲܼ򵥡
ľĶпյģ˻ҩʯԼŻֽ䡣
·òʹĭŷֱʲôõģеؼĭȴûϸ˵ͨĻټԼĹ۲УҲܿ͵ó˽
ŷ䣬һΪɽĻľĶеȼʯͻҩԱը˵ˣһŷͱȽϹˣɰдɵģѪ룬ŷӦþǲٿңĹؼˡ
Ϊʲôصľֻ߲ܹأͳ
ϸ۲нħУĭ˫ָ϶ܿһϸС˺ۣСƬģϸС˿ڲ°̺ۣڸ˼ͻԶȬûʲô󰭡
Ϊʲôǵ϶˺أȻĳַʱҪԼѪľеķѪдɵģͶӦˡ
ľ˲ܿľ񣬶ľڵķ˭Ѫдɣľܱ˭ơ
ҰԼֵ֮һ˵ͲɵüͷҲѧŸոתʱģָὫľѪдɵķȡ˳
ͻ˻η֮Ц˵ող˵ڵķ뷨ںһ룬˵˼ɣ־ѪдɵķңӦͳڲ֮䱻ˣͲٿķ˰ɣ
˵ŻֳľпյĶɨһֽۣ˵ϸһ룬ҪԦľȻҲһ׵飬һĵʿֻ˫ֽɵһ־Ҫľ񣬿¾ͱյֽӡ֮һֵֻ־ľıըֻ߷һģ˫ֽ־ĿľҪľըʱ־Ѹٱóľ־һľʧصĸʱ䣬ɱըˣ˵ĶԲԣ
û뵽ô̵ʱڣ㾹ȻܿңĹ죬ǲһ㡭ߵ
ЦЦ˵˵ȫȻҲǲܵģò˵۸ڵķȷʵһöооС
ǣѧҩ֮ģ
ٶȷʣЦ˵ףϾҲĽħˣʩչ־ĬʱֻҪϸĹ۲ǵƺͣ飬ܼסãֻסЩʲôͣ㿴
˵ŻָһָųһһץﴫءһԼը˿ſһѾѪģ
ҵľٶͺĭס΢ЦѪܵ߬סԲٿľѪһ֮߬ſѾҵѪȾ졭
ͣ˵ľҿأأ
һ˵һ߽ѪľУ̧һӸϽӡĬģľҵĿ֮£֨֨ȶųͷ˹ȥ
͵ɫȻѾϵǸϽֵֽӡءһǬٶըһỤ̋ʮֻľѾǬ˳
ɻûЩľ͵壬΢΢һЦ־仯ͬʱոѧ᲻õģһʱءһըߴһҽУͺȻѱΧʮֻңըƤѪȵʮը֧ͨһ͵˵ϡ
С硭С磡
һͱԼңըˣĭʱһϽܳס˵ڵϵͣһʡ
ȻȴЦЦ
㣬㾹ľġȱȱݡ
ǰͷˡ
ҵ˵ͷֽ˵˵ңֻһƿأƺڻҩķȴκ˶ܹƵģֻҪָģΧ֮ڵľը˭ľ񣬿ϧˣڵĵȻףվһȱ㡭
ⲻȱ㡭ŵ㡭
˵꣬Цøӿˡ
⻰һ㶣˵ŵ㣿ǣʲôŵ㣿˵ԼѪдɣֻԼܿƵĻǲǾͻᰲȫö࣬Ҳᱻը⸱ģˡ
ˣħ־ڡ
΢΢һЦĭĻУ˵ÿӶ辫ϸѡڶ࣬䡮ħ塯Ѫ֮٣࣬ɽȴÿһһľӢÿһԸƴΪսң֮˶ܿΪɽӵĻĬϰԸԼֵͬܣศɣϣǸɽħ壬ľ񡭡


1174 
˵ʱǻ˳Ŷ䴫ҵĴʱȴǾһûع
ǰħŶַض쳣Ϊʲôңֳ÷ϣԶ׼ʧأѵͲѱ䣬ӶʩľʱͽƻӶըԼ
һʱ䣬޷ľ㵡
ʱͼһЦ˵ɽʱŸϵ׹̵͸˽ȥɽȻҲ⣬ȻͳĽħѪ֮Уһѱ䣬ɽ֮ڸɽһӵ͸ɽűͽڴ֮󣬽ħԼսƴһһΪ鲻Ϊȫֻүү͸ĸ֮󱻵ɽȥүүԴĻ𼣣֮顭֮⣬ɽٽħУΨĹùӵɽ£֮ҲһһУԴڽħ岻ľԼʦֵǼ˰κĬ
㣬ô֪ôࣿ
⻰ҸǾ֣ģͺ޼ɽ٣ʱҲǸӤô֪ôأ
ոһүүĸ֮⣬ֻҹùһֲ⡭
ҸϽʣͣ˭˵ӳҹùã֮ӦҲûнħˣô㡭ǴĶģ㲻ǽħˣΪʲôҪµġħ塯һɽǸ˭ѧģ
˵ʱѾ΢΢ЦվƴʹʹҡҡλεվѾվˡ
ͻȻԶڵĶɨһۣŤͷʱѾЦ
֪Ǻðսʤ˵ȡΪħ峤ýħ»ԻҵʹҲһΨһϣҽһҪָߵͲС
û䣬͵˺ۣѪȴʮ㡭
ǸսʿǸԶսʿһбĭʱҾѾܿóˣؿʼЩˡ
ҲΪսʿҲӦ¡
һ֣зų˲۳ΪһѪɫǹ׼ӭս
ȻƬ֮һ֣ǳǹȴѾΪѪɫĳɢ
Ȼǽħ峤֮ãҾͲֻõһϸ¡
£ҲѾ˵ҵǰҲû͵͵˫ֽ˫־ͬʱӭ;ײ˹ȥ
һսطָ£˭ʤ˭縺ʹħ´ϻԻ۷塭

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ת˲ҺͽְʮУҲڶŲƵƵһʯ
ҳû͵ͷųļֻľѪȾ˿ľֳ֮˦˹ȥľҷɣֽϵĽսȻҲû
ڣɽһĴһ죬ը֮еǣҵ˸ƵҺͼͬһʱ䳯෴ķ򵹷˳ȥͨһˤ˵ϣվվˡ
ȷʵֻ֮ڣ־仯ƵƵųûмĸڽħطǬڼķǲ˵ǰѾըˣȻЩĵȴʹҲ·硭
Ҳǰ׸ģ˵õЩԿʱϸƵƵ촽Լ־ӡı仯ʱ͵ѧ˲ʽѧ֮Ը
νһˣһ¿ɲһˣȱըȥڵ֮˺۵ҺͶѾվʹˡ
ĭۺԶЩ֪룬ȥһѣȴԡҪӰǾΪָ˻ȥֻܻŵԭأ֪롭
Сӣȷʵ͹ˡ
ͻȻЦһѪֱܵ۳壬һ˵ԭΪҲֻǸ֮ѣڵĵãû뵽ǲǿɾ壬¿˵ɽʱħϵӰӡ
л佱ϧҪʵ峤λãҪȻĻӻֵء
ҲٺһЦһǱһַǽЦͣô죬ǴķҲù˰ɣٺ٣㻹ʲô£
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һ˵ֿ꣬ʼֽӡͬһʱءһǬʱһỤ̋İ֮ڣһֻֻľѾȿֺط˳
⡭
Ҷʱɵۣһ˵ҲиʮֻССĲﵽʲô֮ȻܹʢôĶ
СӣҲ鿴ĵԸԶ孵ħǲǣ
һЦ˵ʵԴħ׳ħ˵ɱħŲѿ纣ӵ˶孵׷ɱ˵ǽħӣǬҲǽħǣЧ˵幹ġ
⻰һü˲˹
˼ǡǬҲһĿռ䣿
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ΪССķ׾ͻù⣿ʹˣϧ֪Ѿ̫ˡ
˵ŻͻȻ̧˫ֱۣһ̧Χġ֨֨ѾԽؼΧΧŵʮֻľѾƴ
ôľڵƺܣǵñըƬɰ


1175 ڶ
˭֪ʱһĪرըȴ͵ߴ
ء
һֻͶľѾԤ׵ڿԼը˿
ҵرըһײһ൹˳ȥ˭֪ʱľҲѾ̵ը˿
С硭
ͻıը˶ЩֲĭһУûȱը;ŵس͵ķ˹ȥ

ۼĭƽΣգΧľը͵һ˦֣һհ׻ֽ˲ӱըз˳ĭϵһ˲䣬ֻĭһΣѾӷ͸סͨһˤ˵ϡ
Ƭ֮ĹʮֻľҲѾ͵ը飬ͨһѪɵڵ˵ϣǲ״ֱ˲ֱӡ
֮ǰͱըָҲըۣڸոճĭ˦ʱûȰѾֻľը˸ţͷʱը䣬첲ֱӱըˡ
֮⣬ҲѾȫըϣ֫нʣһȻڣҲըѪģˣǰغ󱳺ϣѪⲻȫҲ̶ãڵϣֻһϢˡ
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ΪʲôͼҴľ񣬻ԼըҿûвЩľڵġѲԼҪɱⲻܰ
ԭ岻֪֮ʣͻȻͼһֻľԶڵĶ֮зɿش˹ҸϽ̧Ҫץľ񣬿ɻûץľȴһžõķ
Ƿһ뿪죬ڿСһչšžһ¾ҵϣһΣԸо屻ʲôεĶסûأľѾײ˹һըըõɳȥԵ˵ϡ
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ҧһŭʶԭڰ֮Уŵĸˡ
ʱһЦӺڰд˳
ٺٺٺ٣̵ְ
£ҲڴӺڰֳ߳˲õ
ԭһֱŷԶĽȴʱ
磿
һ飬ĭʧɫƬ̵ĹȴѾѷ֮ؾͳ˹ȥ
Ҳ׼˺С硭
ĭû䣬ȴѱ򵥼оס
ʵǿ飬ĭĵȻԶء
СΣñҿɲƯС
΢΢һЦ˵ʱ̧־ĭ۵һ¡
ĭƴ˫ֱסͶ㲻ֻܵ۳ŭ˵ͽСǵ峤
峤峤ô
ɨһڵѾжͣ΢Ц˵ʱˣ㻹Сӿʲôħ嶼Ѳˣʲô֮˵Ц
⻰ǿֳһ˿Ц
ԣħȷʵԣѧнħĵҲ޷ΪѪ
㻹˵Щ
굱һֶۣݺݵ˵㣬ôϧ޸ǵļ䣬ȴܰȫڲĿܣͿʼ㣬Ұеˣҽ飬Ͳ飡Ϊ쵰ȴһԼļ䶼벻ͣҺ㡭
΢΢һЦ˵ޣǺǣʱ㱻һȺɽʬ׷ɱҳȣѾˡ
ңȫ˶ǱģȨ۸ǵļ𣿡
ҪңҪҵ峤֮λʵ
ЦˣԷٶסĭ֮ͳ˹
ǰ֮Цɨǲȱȫ壬Ц˵һ֮ƣ߾֮ڱ޸ļ֮ǰӦþǸҰĲˣԼɥʧ˼䣬ȻԸƽӹ֮¡ͣƾʲô峤˵͵ϮǴΣֻȥҲǰ˭Ȼ޸˼䣬ȻȨ㣬ĴԻͣ𣿡
Ц˵飬͵ϮǴȷʵѻʯҵ⣬Աô
Ǻǣ㲻ˣΪͣҲţһˡ
ڻǰͲסҡ
ЦŻش𣺡ҲµòĻڴС·ϣ;͵͵˱ǣԱˣҵɽկصλá
ʲô
ͻһڣĭõһ
飬ǡ
СΣⲻǳк
ٺٻЦ˵Ȼܣеλ̫ߣѺҪ峤ֻ֣֮ܽҲѾӦֻҪҰ׷ȥҾµĽħ峤֮ᰲ½ָɽŽħԻͣͣⲻһֱ𣿡
ǣ鰡飬̫ˡ
ͣʿ֮죬ɽħѾˣ˳߲ҵģǺһ³
˵վͻȻһŭȡ
ţߣ
黰һڣӺڰ߳Ҷ⡰ħ塱еĳԱҲ֪ȻѾ˵Ϊµ߹
߹֮Ǽ˰͡ĭǼ廨ҺȻѾˣȻĭȴƴŭ𡪡
飡ھɱңҾҲķ²
Ȼ鲢ѾҡڵؿЦȥˡ
żǵĹ򣬾ͻȻúСԻĭ˵
Сʵ㣬Ǿ˵ĵڶ


1176 ħĻ
⻰ĭʱˣҲסѾ˵ɼ˰廨Ѫܵرϳ˶ȥ
Ǽѱ˰͡ĭ˶Ӷ˳ȥȻûȱϳɽǾһҽɱѾ˳Ŷ˽
ĭʱ;סһͣ侲ľ
ιô£
ĭ̲סԼһŭ𣬶˸ûС
ʱһ˵⻹ôĵ۶峤֮λȻѾӦϳֵ׼Ѿˣո˵һ˳߲
飡쵰
⻰ĭٶŭȻͱͶݺݵصһۣű졣
ף뱣
󣬼˰ϳ˶Ѩһ߳ڣһѪζ˱ǶҳΧһɨӣͼϵʬۣѪ߰ߡ
һȺԸġħ塱ˣ˷һȺħƴս
վһͷϣɨԼɽկѪܵľһЦŭ˵ǶţԸߣҸల£ҽػظɽԻͣǲԸصͣǾһȥȥ
飡ɱǧģҲŹģ
һŭѾֳַ̤ң񣬳ڵķ˹ȥ
Ȼûȿ飬µľͻȻ͵һββϵƬƬƬͬһƬƬصƬ
ʱͼһѪɣЩ˶ûüزҽһѾβϵƬһ⡭
ѽ飬򣬿⽵ħ峤ǳ׵ˡ
ʱͼһƥͷ̤ƲϵǸ
һϽس˵ͷЦ
㿴⽫߰˳ɵ˶Ը㣬һ˾ô峤أʹڹɽɧôãܰһٶ˵ҲǴһһعɽɣһúġ
л࡭
鹧ϥݵĬһ£˵Ѷ콵ħʰԻҴΨһ־򣬻³ȫ
ǺǣȻѾö⣬Ǻðɣһɽ
л£
ǧлʱһѾⷽ˹
ѭһ˵ԣ۾ǳһŭ𣺡峤£
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ԣ
һУΪʱȥĽʬѾһһڵصסԵ֫壬ת˲֮Ĺ򣬾Ͱҧķѡ
ۿͬԲǰȴΪһʱһĵʹʱһͻȻʣ𣿡
ǡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Щˡ
ԱգǶԣǸϺˡ
Ҿʱֻʬ׷ɱ
ٶȿڣ̾˿ֽ˵ʱ߬һľҵħˣͰˣ˵ԼҲǸոŶѣΪԼǰĵط˹֪ħĴڣΪԱ֮ͱøˣʦѧ˵ϧѧûͳˣԼʦ֧ԮӴ䲻һ˿ʼˣնħ
޸ļ䣿
껰ĬĬ˵ͷȻûٶ˵ʲô
ʱǷıһŭ𣺡ǣǻԸٲֻ·һ
֮£սƣǿŭ𣬹˵ϣǴ󲿷ɻս
ͷЦͻȻ漤սħһ˵ҲȫϾɱǲҲЩڣ֮ͨ󣬺ýȥɽΪӹͽ
һڣ鵱мٶл֪˼⸱ģΨһĿľǻϵˣ˸Ըסɽܴأ
һֵ֮ЩʬħĶʼˣܿץһƣˣʱ˵ЩץסĽħˣͬ͡׷ȫѺعɽǺǣѲΨһϰֻǸϵˡ
˵ͻȻһЦҵҲ⡱һס
ϸһ룬үͳȫ֣ǵĴ϶ѾĴ³ŹɽͦˣȻʱᵽүҲ˵үţ
һʱ䣬дϲ
Īϲ֮飬Һ͡ĭԼʮġħ塱ˣЩɽħ߻ٵϵзǬ֮󣬷ֱװ˼ʵĴһֻֻޱžͿʼɽķͦ
ҵǣҺ˵ͱͬһ
ս½֮󣬸һѻջˡħ塱ɽկɽկĸַݡЩս˵ʬȫС
ӳŻ⣬һħ˹ɽִѺģ飬ԼһȺĹɽʬ
;УҼƺָЩ廨֮¡ԣ˵ͣ㵽ʲôˣļƻʲô


1177 ɽ
̱ĽûбסȻҲѾˣ˵ˡ
ҷʣ΢΢һЦ˵֪֪ΪʲôҪðմȥϮ
֪
ҡҡͷ˵һ֪ڴ˷֮ǰ͸ôֻǴѣΪǵȷֳ̾ڹɽ£͸ֲ֪ٴε޵Уô֪ܲΣأ
˵꣬΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
û֪
⻰ҸϽʣȻ֪ΪʲôҪôѵ˵ǹ뺦Լˣ
ô˲ҲĲ̣չǲɱġ
˵ŻͻȻһ̧֣߬סҵֽüͷ˵֪һֱжôȡĵλǵҼ֮ȴվĲ̣ɱ㡭
˵ʱҵͷһɨɵصһֻ֣߬֡
֮ǰңըˣڲָѾָԭģϵƤҲñǰӵĹϸˡ
֮͵һȻϱľըһ˿ڣʱ˿Ҳ𽥻ָָٶȼֱۿɼ
ͣ㵽Ǹʲô
ٶ΢Цƽƽ˵ң
ô
⻰ٶȳһⲻܣϾڵĵУҪħųǼѵ顭
뵽תһ룬ˣҲ⣬áŮ洼ƻЩϹħΪб˽ľ֮ɥʧԭΪһнħ֮µ֡
뵽ͣ˵ѵ˵ҲǡŮ洼ƻʵƷ
ǣ
һЦ⻰˲㵡
Ҳûм˵⣬һתֽ˵֮ǰÿÿҹΨһԸɱ㣬ȡ㣬Ūˣ֮ҾȻԼ²ˣҲֻһ֮
˵ָֽ˵ƶƻΨһܰŤתƵĻᣬһѾԹˣͻϮعɽĸͯӣʵ֤ƻв̫ͨթˡ
ԣֻʵеڶ
˵ʱѾ˼
νĵڶƻȻʱ˿ʵ֮С
ЦЦٶȿ˵޸ǵļ䣬ΪԼһĺˣȴ޷ǵҰģͷвҼͼƷңԼΪħ峤ǵڶƻܷɹʩչĹؼ
ô˵Ǿʱͷβ飿
ʻһĬĬף˵ԣʵڻصɽկʱˣֻʹɵʱûκεƣǻֻ˵ģֻŻΪҵȦסһֱΪ㲻ýħĵħĺˣʵ֤ˣԶеĻҪӵĳɫ
˵һЦֽ˵Ϊһ㣬Ժ㽻ʱѾ˸峤֮λĴ㣬ΪϹֻٽһֻ֣ܾΪ֣ˣ·ǳСģ˲һֱнԣΣҺ֮仹һģ¶
ˣǱ붼Ҫ£Ϊֻǵ£Ż֮
ǵġ͵˵ͷ
ֽʣǣഴġħ塯ΪҵĹϵ⣬˵ֵ𣿡
Ȼֵá
ٶףֽ˵ʲôħ壬ʵԼҲףԼð֮ҰЩ˾ۼһ޸ǵļ䣬ϧԼΪƭǳ¶ҩٳɵеִʹҵִǣҾһס㣬ֻ˲ܵԽѣҲΨһֲķˡ
˵һָ̧֣ǰ
һͷȥһп
һֱǶ˵ޱңԶĹɽѾǵǰ
ֻǸɽƣɽʱʱһ˺ѷΡ˲عǺֻ޴ɽʱܸźģģؿһֻֻȻӰɽ֮зӹΧӰء
̧ͷɽɽʼ߸ߵɽѾֱ֮ڵĺɫ֮ڣƲУͬ׵緭Ӱأһֻֻ֪ʲôعʱʱؾʹƲ̽ͷееߣеǾ޴ĹЦŵһëˡ
ֻ쵾ޱǵĴӣصĲʼɽɽнһȺɽʬ䱸ھ޵˷Ѿɽȴɺи
һʯšһϿȣִһƬ֣ԽǽӽɽɽںԽŨǲҲǴзųġǧħԹڰ֮Ʈధ
ҪȥĶ
ҰͲסһ䡣
ЦŻش𣺡ţǻǳҪ˸ô׾ɱ㣬һһҰţа취㰲ȫ뿪
һ˵Żһվһ·ϢϵѾõòˡ
ô
ʡ
ȴҡҡͷûлشЦֱǰ
Ҳѭǰȥ·ǰ棬û·һѿͱڣȥ·
ʱ±ľͻȻһ͵һͼµḶ́ͻȻ伤ҵض


1178 ƴͻΧ
󣬾һǴǲḷ́ɽȵĹȵ״ھغС
УһֻͻȻش͸Ʋ㣬˳
ǾһסѵұڣһֻҲӹȵֱֻ۶ץסµıԵ֮һʣ¶һźں
ܴ󣬴üֱһСɽƵģԶԶ۾һ͸ͼһһ˿δҡͷҳݾˡ
ʼҼġˡӦþܵظ֮пֻصľ˳߹ˣһˣüһιȳ߹Ҫ
󣬾ͼǾͻȻԼļס˶ұڣְԼһ˫ֱ̯ߵұϣȻ֮ϣΪǴ
һɣ̴ֻͷԲһֱۿʼǰһȺʬ
ھޱϵУۿǺںһƬУͽŵľˣһ˵ģʲô
丸
һһд˵
ɽկһսҲ˲ᣬЩɱԭҪֿ׵ģҺͱ˴ɽϳʱҸ˸棬һʹɫҵ˼ŷ˵ֿҲ˽
⻰ҸϽ˵ո˵ʲô
丸һ顣
ôأ丸𣿿丸׷յĹ£ѧʱǿɾѧѽ
һһ˵꣬ȴҡͷЦ˵丸һˣһ塣Ϲ䶫Ĳԭ׻ƶۣȴΪȷ棬һҲ٣ǿ丸塣Ĳܶ飬丸ܵ·ϱ׻µĽʬöףΪξ޴޴˾Ϊ¶м׻ɱΨһСֽӽ˶֮бѣԴҲ¶桭
˼ǣΪǴŵ丸֮һ
껰˵ͷ˵ûһС뺣еĿ丸ˣ֮һֱںﲻҳһʱ䣬Ϊֲֳָĺһֱ֮սʱڸ֮£ǲʹշЩںﲻ̤½صĿ丸ˣΪã֮սз˼á
ˣЩ丸ˣҲûհɣ
ЦЦҲЦˡ
һս춯أս󣬿丸вд漸ˣݣδ丸սδԸ˾ͽʣµļ丸Ҳɱˣȫ˹ɽӡ
˵ʱֻѾųصĲǿ丸˵һԱ䴦
ʱͻȻ
ֵǣȫ׼ãҪ뿪ˡ
⻰һ㶣뿪ô뿪
ûҷӦأȴ廨ͻȻ͵һ˫ۣžһ˲䱻ϡ
Ѿȫָˣ
һΪѨʱѾһϢˣָٶȱǿ죬ڵƣô˵ҲҪһʱаɣ
˭̶̵ֻ֪·֮УȻѾﵽȫָ״ֱ̬˾Щ˼顭
һ̿ʼ˫ֽӡھޱһȺʬҲѾеı仯һʱȫצŭͼ
Ϳûֻᣬۿһֻֻħ˹ͼ˫ֽ־һΣ˫ʱһ޵
һΣͻȻֵϥڵأ˫͵¾޵ƤϺݺһģžһʱ͸˾һƤ˲ѪȪӿ
۵һҽУûѾֱӻĶӣִǿ丸ұ۵ı䡭
һʱ丸ҲŲҽֱʹһΣֱϵľͬ˲䱻ߵóԨȥ
Ȼûţһˤʯʱһն˿丸ۣһ丸۱ҲѾ⴩һ
һ£丸˫۶ʧȥƽ⣬ϵľޡԼһȺʬҲ޵Ԩе
ұץסդЦһʣιĶǾ˰ɱѽȥǵð۶ˤ÷ǲѽ
͵ȴһ˿һĻţɨһ֮ͻȻֳ̧Ͽһָ˵£ɲô׾ġ
ֻͷҽеľƴ׹һںƣѭ͵ָһͼеƲ֮ڣһֻֻӶ˫ĹѾųԨ֮˹ȻҪץסðˤ÷û
ƺȫںô࣬ۿǰͷһֻӽ޴צӳǵץϾȻ¶Ц
ǹžһ¾סڵһֻצһץһֻ׹Ҳץצ͵һĳ򣬡һǿķ֮£ǹﵱǵ׹ٶȡ
ȻͼϿʱ滹ֻޣֻ޵һϣǹһצ̳һײȥءһ죬ҵ𶯣ֱֻצӣȻײһ𡭡
ڣ
ʱͻȻһ͵һͳײդǰһ˹ȥ˶Ϊƹض޷
ʱͳȥķһеҲҵزҷҹеĭʧس߷˹


1179 ķ
СΣץסҵ֣
ۿų嵽ıԵʱ͵һŭ𣬺û䣬ѾץĭĭȻ廨ţһ͵ŭǹ⽫Լס֣͵ķ˹ȥ
ûֻֿѾһ𣬼ͬһʱ䣬ءһһŰ̴ĭըɢ徹ȻʼһŴ۵İ׹
ǰ׹˸۾ӿиһȺħҲǰ׹ʼƴزҽ
׹ķΧԽԽâԽԽǿңյһƬͨɢɫ֮ʹֱܿǾ˿丸˫ȡ
ǻ׹ɿ׹ʱ۵İ׹֮ͻȻ䴫һ󽹼ģͼ׹֮ڿʼһ֨֨عһȺңѾǵصسϿշħ˹ȥ
ʱֱɵۡ
ˣǳΪ²ʱɽĽʬѾϸϸǵСħ塱еķ䡢Ǭϵķȫ˳ȥҲ˵ǵȫûκһʹõķˡ
ôЩңǴĶģ
Ҵһ˵ҲиֻһʱЩľǵص֮һҷײûõĹ򣬾һըӿ׹ħǴ󲿷ֶѱըķˡ
ûһͻȻһŭ𣺡죬
˵ʱͼһСҩĶӭҸϽ̧һӣȻǸڵġת굤
Ӱ׹֮зɳľת굤ֻһţһӾʹǹâ֮зɳ˼ٿɵõǡ
ڵǴ඼ˣұ廨޷ֽӵôĵҩҷɾ͸ƵģֻҪſ죬ܽסҩֱȥˡ
ת굤ȷʵǺöһȥ̾ͿʼԴԴϵϵҲʼ𽥵ػָ
ʱңѴӰ׹֮ڷɳûһĹͰֻ޿ըһŵ⣬ľԼĺ󱳿ʼסıԵ֨֨ػӶСɵĳ׹ٶȡ
ֻͻȻһŭ𡪡
ҿںţһ
Ȼǵ嶼ûȫָҪѾѵˣǾ͵Ŀں𡪡
һ
ָһڣ֮бץƴͬһʱ䣬´ءһ죬סľѾͬһʱڿбը
ըˣÿ˶ƵײĶϣһĵײѾըˡ
ȻţͬǼ׹·һ
ȻǣըŸһǻ˸Ĵ۰׹֮УַɳµһľһѾľˣÿľβϻ˩һСɾµǬ
ÿһǬܻܲ뿪ɾȫԼˡ
͵ЩľҲѾԷ˲ͬˣڣÿֻľΪһסǵ˫š
ǿƣľԼͿʼǵһһĴ̧֮ͷһƵĺɫ֮УľڳſзȥȻڰнһܵط赲סЩ׷ħǵȥ·
ֵͷŵһǴ۵İ׹⣬ͼµĵײѾǰһˮСϪ
ľ˴ȳ֮󣬳Ű׹֮һģģؾͼͻȻסĭ壬Ŵ߶ֻľҲಡһʹ˳ȥ顱ֻըõѾصˤµײϪ֮С
û뵽ǾȻַʽþȣɤ۵ԭʱٳ͵ķһĭӲԶɹ̱ĭȻѾʧȥ֪˹ȥ
ûôǾȳģһ¡
ȷһЩˤĽʬû
⻰ΧһȺ˸ϽӦľ棬ʼϪˮϸؼЩˤĽʬ
ϾЩɽʬǿĿеĽľ֮ȥԲ
֮Ҳĭӿ£˫ŸһŵأϽСؽĭƽϪˮԵһʯͷϣ̧ͷһüͷ˵ɽħͣЩľʱֵסһʱ䣬ǲϽҸصĵطĻûûǻᱻץϾɽǵġ
˵ʱҵҲǰɽ֮ϣڸħԼ԰ǵĽʬȻ˳ȻʱɥĿԡ
˼ЩʬʱҸϽչĭͷ˵ͣոյô£ǴĶôķ

ͳڣ˵Żֳ̧ȻԲѵĭһָҶʱһ
˯ӿ˼֮ٶȾʣͣʲô˼ѵĭ͵͵ϲ˷
Ҫ͵͵طϱ޾ķ
΢΢һЦ̧ͷ˵С֪֪ΪʲôҸ˵ļ䣬ΪǽħѪΨûиĭļ䣿
ҡҡͷû˵
Ц˵Ϊĭļ޷ӡǼ䱾һμٵļ䣬֮ǰţǼٵġ
ôС⡱һס
ΪΪСαġһ


1180 ر
Сǡ
֮УҸϽŻûѹĭ˹ȥͼǳС񾲰ݵʯͷϣ΢΢Ц
ⲻܡ
ĭϵɨһ֮Ҳɵҡͷ
ôأСλǷǸСŮ
˵ʱΧǶԻҲסǸŮƯŮôһأ
뵽ʱҲɵ뵽˶ͯӣѵ˵
ѵ˵ĭҲԴ︮Ǹ˵ʵ飿
뵽ѾͲ͸˼Цҡҡͷ˵ģСκ︮ûκεĹϵȻҲ︮һɥĲ顭
֪Ļͦ
Ҳɵطһ䣬Ͼ︮ʵ鶼쳣ܣܶԼ˶Ϊʲôͻ֪
ʱֽ˵Сβˣõɽħ˵һ
ǣ˵Ǳȣ֮ǰļͥǡ
Ǽٵġ
ָ̧ԼԴ˵ΪСδļ䣬ΪԼˣʵһ׼ȷ˵һر⡭
ر⣿
ûر⡣
΢΢ЦĬƬֽ֮˵ɽʱɽһţ˵ɽʧʱүүδɽϵ෨׹̵ãЩǽɽзͨͨһرڣ︮ɽϼȴûз䣬棬иԹؼ
Ȼģôһ˵ɵֳС˹ȥѵ˵
ͽ⿪ҵĻɡ
ر⣬Ͳĭ
˵Żɨĭһۣ̾˿˵ɽʱүү为ӵֿɽ׹ˣ𽫸ɽз뱦֮еģǸŮˣڸɽϣүүΣΪ̡
ңҵ̡

ĬĬףʱԱһ
Ҳѵ˵ѵ˵Сǽ׽Ĳ

õһֳۣͷ˵⵽ô£˵
˵ûȷʵҲǽħֱϵѪеһԱ
⻰⡱һѵ˵
ѵ˵ǽ׽Ĳֲôɵ
֣̿͹Цҡͷ˵İɣһУүү̲ʲô帣ڵĽ׹ϵ
⻰Ҳŷģֽ˵ħ崫ǧ꣬ΪͬһʦүУʱıǨҲ׳ΪʦڵħԹ˼䲨۱ңÿһ궼кִܶʦڵɥԽħԹžһأʮʼάʮʱԵõһѡᡭ
ѡ᣿ʲôѡ᣿ʡ
˵ʮʱΪɽִҲ̸ܵħһĲƽԼⲻɸ˵صĸѪȷ磬ʮʱõһѡ˵˵ѾħڵѪȷ磬ͿˣԴˣ峤Ըɽطȥļ䣬ĸĸһҷסĵɽȥԴħ޹ϸ𣬿ƽƽĻ֮УѡΪʦЧң͵ڽԼҲͬʱиǬҪʱΪ׼
˵һǵһ˵Ϊ˲ɵס
ʱ˵ħʦү֮Ի涨һΪħʹ̫أҲúȫ޷жµصѹڵڶ㣬ͬʱҲΪЧĿɽ˵Ͼħӵܾ󾫣Ҿִ˶ҲþǺ¡
ʣԾĴУħӵܲû׳ɽʢ¡
û
͵˵ͷ˵ΪǧĴУ֮ѪԵϵҲ嵭˲٣үү̱ͬɽʦǣΪѪԵѵ˲ƽһӡħΪ˱ֺѪͳĴҪǾȥôҲ⣬ͱĸĸеһ⡭
ˡ
˵ЩипǧϽʣôأ̺ȥΪʲôҲû䣿
ˣԴӽܲ䷨ʼעӲһ
ԴԴ˵Ǹɽյֿ֮ձ׹̹Ƶ췢顭
ɽѱƣۿһɱɽʧأûƣΪ峤ϽԼˡȥɽезתƵȫĵط
ѡ˶ʮţӵڻ֮µɽִ峤µ
ǰѸԹҪطһ޴ĲرڣνĲر⣬ʵֻһǬǬΪħʦү죬Ƿ
зת֮ԽǬɽΪǶʮԼµȫƭɽУȻҲû
˵Ҵʧɫ
ûΪʲôû
ΪǲܳʮһΨһ֪ǬصģǱץ̱ƹ֮°Ѳ䱦ĵصк¶Ļǧ괫еľһ
ԣǱɡ
û
̾Ϣ˵ʵڿʼִʱ̾˱׼


1181 ׹Ǿ
˵ʮԼƭɽ֮󣬾ľը˶ڣʮһȫ˶С
Ǹ£Զʮ˵֮ʱһʱ֮еĻţе侲еľеĴȻ
併ħԹžǵž񣬵վû˲ȥ˭ԤϵԼʲô
ˣʮо˹ԲãΪԼ²֣Ҳֻʹɱ
֮⻹ˣͷȴ£Ϊ־ϧɱֻܻӳȥһĻᡣ
ʮȫѡľ֣ˣƴȫɱԼҲˣ˵彫ʮ˵ʬѻһԻȼΪ˻ᳬȣ֪ԼҲܲ򶨵˻֮ϣл֮бǺɽɽ䣬û֪
Ϊʲôɽƾʧ
˵һʣ˵ɽ֮︮Լŵɽһ˶ĶȻôʧˣôأ
ȴҡͷ˵ˣûʧڣֻǶʵҲɸɽķɣƶȴǶҵأ
ͻȻʣΪʲô֪ôࣿͣ㵽ʲôˣ
µߡ
ͻһڣҺס
ҡͷ˵ⲻܣߣ͸Ҳ˶٣ɽѾǶʮǰˣôڳ˵ˣǶʮһ˲ǶѾɽڣỹţ
Ҳ˵ңˣ
̧Լ˫ոѪⲻõİϸ֣΢΢Ц
ɽƣǧѪһ˭޺ޣ̣ʱ̫ĲԹޣɱԼ˶ʹǺ޷ġǣʮһ˵Թͺܷɽ֮л֮ȥԽԽ࣬ջΪЩջٵʬ֮Уҡ㿴ҵ֡
˵̧ǰ˻Σֽ˵֮ǰеĴû˵ҵĹŮ˵ĹΪǸʬ֮ϵԳ͵ġ
ף׹Ǿ
ǺǣҲɡ
ôء
ٶȾ㵣˵ϡΪʲôһûУ
ҵľʣЦȷʵ٣ȴɽħ˵ʬ֮ħħ֮һֽаɣаܾ˻ΪУȴΪаħϲκεħа֮еĸַϵħЧҲ˿ЧЩ˵ʬ֮У̳˽ħĵ뷨
ԡԺġر⣿
ǵġ
ٶףֽ˵ԹΪʬħ֮սǰҴδ뿪ɽһҼ̳ǵ־һػɽıֱһս˼ǣҵҲ˶Ҳ˼ٵֱ֣֮ʱҲɽ齨֧ħ塯ұ뺦ˣֻûĽħٶȻԻ
˵һָС˵֪ǲرҵϾȫԲøڽС֮УҲǲرⱾ֮ڣǧľ߷
˵ʱҺѾ㵵˵ˡ
ʱͻȻը죬̧ͷȥǰͷֻħѾ˻Ŵõľ֮ײ˹
̧ͷһľϱײʹʧɫһüͷ˵ǲܼˣ»ӲӲʱǿߡ
˵ŻٶȽԲѵĭǾϪˮߵ壬ʱ֮иľѾݻ٣ħѾҵرը֮г˹
ڻСȫ
һ߿ĭǰܣһ˻ŭ𣬽žΧ׷غһǡ˶ȺͣסתɫسſϮħ˹ȥ
峤ȳｻǣ
һŭͷһѾӡǬٳʮֻľ
һֻľıϣ̤ľֱֱؾͳһȺħײ˹ȥҲ׷Чģ̤ľֱɳ죬ǬȡַӭС
ǸոѾĲҽͼսһȺӢηѾЩħһš
ǰʱҲǵʣͣǾô²ܣ
ɨһۣ˵ǵʹҽħˣ٣ʹȴģҪģǾܵıԼİȫиȥء
ɣǡ
űһҽҵĶˣһѷĵĿϷظȥƵġ
ȴȻ޶ԣֻĭǰɿرۣǴ·̲סͷɨһۣЩ˻ڲҪƵĸħǾʣ˸ǵ󣬻ǵİȫ
ʱֻһǺͻȻഫǸϽ䣬ûŪô£ͼһֻֻʬѾΧɿسΧ˹
һϽļһ¡
죡ڻ뿪
ǣ
Ǻ޾ɫӦһ֮󣬵۾ͳЩʬȥ


1182 վ
ۼʬ˷ƽ͸Ͻĭŵıϣֽ̧ӡĭͷѵ㣬ָһ˦һ˲䣬ͼĭѾһ۵ذ׹
׹֮УͼֻľѾ֨֨ط˳һ¶棬̳˷ȥһըĽʬ㣬󲿷־Ѿը⡭
͵ָͻȻһָһǬѾӰ׹֮гҷ˹
ҸϽסǬһмųĽʬһֽŵ˵иɽҪѧϰǬ÷ӣúÿʩչҽ÷
˵ŻһͳǰһȺʬ˹ȥ
ۿһȺʬΧԼ͵͵ֽӡӡɺָһ̣ءһǬըһỤ̋һѾԼǬ˳
ֽ̧סתʱһһ徹Ȼǰʧˡ
һΧĽʬɵۣûȻأεѿʼУûһĹʮֻʬͱըԴ
֪ǸɽЧ
ʱһ֪ʲôʱѾܵһߵͣӿϵķֳҺνǬΪ˳⡢ǬֻҪȫעܸͨо֮صȫʱȡɡ
ҵ˵ͷҲϽ䣬ЧŸո͵ӳ
Ȼ˵ļ򵥣ҲѾǳոʹõļ־ھȻʵʲȻҲô׵ģƵƵʧֻȡüβûĽʬҧУҿһֱҵԱҡ
ұϾǽħĺˣ˼֮Ǭ÷ȻҲͱϤһֻ֣ľӴ֮з˳һϲϽ˦ָЩľʬֳ;˵ι׹ǾһЩףңֻԼѪܲٿΪʲôոǬҺҲܿľ񣿡
ľҲֻѪܿƣõľ֮жװ˿հ׵ĿƷ䣬ֻҪڣκθɽӶԷƣֻûԼѪڷϹͨ⣬Ե΢׾һ㡭νѪֻΪЩңϸ˶ѣѪ֮ʩչķеĽյֻܱƣȴԵ˵ĵá
ԭ
һȻ򣬳ľըΧʬͬʱҳûץһֻľʹβͺĸӣͳһǿհ׵ġ
ۿΧ˹ĽʬԽԽ࣬ԵòֺңǴӴƵƵɳɽ֮һը
ʬվ̫࣬ûһĹ򣬾ҽдӲԶѾ˽ʬѪ֮¡
͵ȻҲֹ֪ۣϽҾҾΪһȱڣֻܳȥùҡ
㡭
˵ˣùңиȥ
˵Żͳ嵽ԣ̧־ͰѻʵĭϱȥԼ֮ٶȽӡһ׹ٶȴĭϷ˳

һŭ𣬻û䣬ѾȿĭǰһȺĽʬײ˹ȥ
ʱĭϷİ׹ѾԽش׹֮УּһֻֻľȻɳǧơ
Щľ͸ϹƵģһӰ׹ӭǰĽʬһֱײš¡¡ıըգۼĹɽ֮ڵضɽҡһÿôӦϣһʱ䳾ʯ죬϶ըһ
ٿͣҲûͷӬƵģűըķͳ˹ȥǸϽͼΧ
ܿ죬ľĺֱײ£ɽڱըһ·̤ŵʬʬһ·ǰ壬ȻںļȴûѣڳΧĹУڻǲ˱׷ĽʬС
ǵҲǰ׷ѵģǵסĽʬҲѾҺӽʬΧɱ˳ȥҲܶǰһ񱼡
ߣΪǵ󡭡
ʱǰͻȻɲס͵һͬʱҲڼϵĭӻϣһŭ𡪡
סСΣܣ
ʱϺݺһģһ
û˵;Ѿӭű׷һȺʬ˹ȥȫû˿ľ£û취ҲֻܸϽ׷ĲԱ㱣ĭİȫ
˵һը֮£ʱס˺һȺʬǴɽ˹ĽʬȴɲҸϽıϣּ仯ǹֽӡٿľеǹҲͬʱһһΣһֻֻʬͼҺĭקȥоգҲͣ㽡ɡ
Ѿᵽɤ۵ȴǲݵ÷Ƭ̣ΧĽʬԽԽֱ࣬ȥʲôʱǸͷǶΪЩʬʳܲżأ
ɾʱһͷɨȥȴֱ׷һȺʬȻ˲Ҳʼֵı顭
һ£˵ѵЩʬ׷ˣԷˣ
һֲԣӶжϣЩʬ˿ûƣ͵ı֣󲿷ֶͻȻȻʼͷΡΡؾŽ
һһ㣬ҸϽ̧ͷǰȥͼںѾð˲٣ȻûЩʬĿȴñ֮ǰҪӵع


1183 
һ飬ҲӽѶ䶼ɨΧһеķ紵ݶ
ûоʲô
ֻͷɨһЩҿǡֻںѳһҽеĽʬ
˵ʱͼҲʮ־ɨܣϵ飬ҲѾԽسػ
ʱһɳɳɳΧľϵһԴҶƬͻȻʼ΢ı仯
һΪǱɽȻϸſеҶһ˲ɵۡ
ͼΧľϵҶƬ۵ɫ÷ڸɿ֮дɾһӿ
ûãһ󡰻Ǵ󲿷ͻȻƿήҶƬѾʼ˳ҡڵҵΣһֻ＾ڲеĳ
ϸһҶƬ׷׵֮ΧЩ֦ҲʼήѣһЩȽϸС辣ѾӦ΢ѣ˲ݴ֮С
ͻȻ䵹һɨһ۸Ͻ˵С쵽ҵı
ҲҺһ⻰Ͻʱͼһݣɰ㿪ʼǰһ񱼡
Ϸסûѹĭ˵⵽ʲô
˵ʱƵƵΧɨˣΧľήٶڼӿ죬ĪĿήڸһǰɽֻһƬ͵ģһή󣬾ǻƵĽǵĲ
Ҿһʣŵ˵ϹһΣֲЩʬٿǿ鷳ˡ
鷳ʲô鷳
ҸϽʣֻ˵ϸΧЩԵĲݴԡ
˵꣬ҸϽĻΧںĲݴпȥէһʲôֻǺںһƬһַųĺһʱֲһ
ϸһµĲݴҲڿٵؿήήĲݴ֮УܼһŻǵغ̣ڵϣ𽥱ƽͬڲݿһƵġ
Щڲݴĺ𽥰Χҵһ뵽ľȻ磬Ͼ֮֮ÿηŭʱᱻһƵĺţǺ̸һּǿҵĸʴԡ
ϸһ룬ԾȻųĺЩƣϸһĻųĺ̷ҡֱϣƮգЩ̿ĺҪŨ࣬ڲݴⴵ
⣬ʲô
Ҳֳʣȴûش𣬶ͻȻ͵ɲס˲һΣֱӴˤȥ
òױסСûȥþҪʱĿǰͻȻſڣ
˭
һ£ϽҲѭĿӵķǰȥǰʮ⣬ŨĺѾסǵȥ·ŴΧḷ́һƬǸΧм䡭
ǰһŲŵƮҡĺ֮Уͼһֻ޴ĺڹڵϣֱضǿ
ǹδСԼģ칷ͬǣסûצӣֱ㶵ȾȻƮҡӵĺ֮ϣһѻȻˣҪѻĳ࡭
Ҳ֪ض߲ƣҲѾǹʱӦս׼
ɾʱȴͻȻִһˢһȳŤͷ˹ȥͼḷ́ԼݻƵĲݴ֮Уһ쵾Ѿس𽥱ƽ˹
ǶþһͷϻȴϻҪֱ࣬һͷĻţ㾫׳ƤëϣһͬһķӲ̣ϻһڵĳ򡭡
ģͷϳŵֻͬһĽɫǣںڰ֮⣬ͷһ߰İ
ǹﻹûӽҸϽֳҲɨһۣݴֻ߳ҲϻαֻҪСϺܶ࣬͸ͨϻࡣ
ϵëɱϻҪˣҳһŷŭͻȴеһĴβ͡
ģĶðô
ۿֻǰұƽ˹Ҳһ䣬Ҳͬŵȴҡҡͷ˵ֻֻ
ŶǵֻĶ
ҸϽűһۣЩڵ𽥱ƽĺ֮⣬κιӰ
˵ֻͱɱһԵġ
һڣҵһ

ĬĬͷ˵ûϹĴֱΪ硢桢軺ѣǰǻ֮࣬ݽߡݲߵ棬Ϊ´֮ޣ˳ܣͻԵֱһ˵ĳҳʵȥ˵ıҧ˵˵ĻᲶɱҰ͸ԷұߵĽЗ軣Ϲ䣬ĸ״ˮʧɱԹΪ˗軣ʵⲻҥѣʵǣȵ˷֮սˣĴɱħͼΪ֮ս̵õ·Ȼȴ򱻶ޱ޶ģԹɾΪħ֮սʱڣһһٵĺޣ̵֮⣬ȫˣ¿Ѱˡ
˵⻰˲侪ס
׵ҿɲİǻ磬˭뵽Ȼǡ
ҽ߬ĳǹĶɵ˺ϹͱΪסĹ֪֮ЩʬٽӽһΪǵԵʡ
뵽ʣͻȻһǰǻΪȮĻͷһ˻𣬽ҸһǵĻХ뗃軼ͬһʱ䣬һͷ˹
Сˣ
ۿֻ˵ǰһŭ֮ͻȻǰڵϺݺһţ˳˼Զͬһʱ䣬ֻ쵾ޡءһײһȻһأִǰ
ֻ쳣׺ݣҺȻҲӲƴҲֻܽٶƵƵ㿪ֻ޵ʳеǹӭս
ûȽֻϻһǺǺڹѾءһεضһź̵İ֮£ӿгǾϮ
æֳԱһ˲һ죬صͬʱըɢʱͬκƵľǡ
ֻ޹Ӳƴǿܣ
һŭ𣬳ֻûٱƽϽתּǰܡ


1184 صɽ
Ҳף˵ֻĻǻƴһƴԣϵĭûѣӲӲضܵ˺
û취ҲֻܱĶӣ·ֳһǹһһѾ˳ǹֻܳײ˹ȥ
ƾҪ⴫˵еġסȻûκοܵģҲǿǵٶȣҲǳûߡ
ҺҲ˲ϻͷˣ֮ɾͬһҵļƵģƴǰɱƵƵͷȥͼһĺ趯ʱʱ¶ϳĹŨ֮ڣֻ桢軶Ҳڷɿس׷ɱʱʱչ˴һ£ŸԽؽӽǡ
ܵÿ죬ϾϻҺĭأͳ׸ΡܷɡСж죬ۿֻ𽥱ƽǣﲻֽǣֻƵƵгǹγԱ赲סֻޱƽӰ
ʱרĳǰֱͻȻһˣǰû·ˣ
⻰Ҹæͷһǣͼǰɽ·Ѿһ޴ұڸ赲ס
ڵλãɽײԨ֮Уұֱ˰ɽƣҪȥɲס
ʱһѾſһ˫ڿն׼ȻٳŸ߿һԼԼľͿܲյĺƺһֻֻʱʱ¶֮ҷһͨ
ʱȥض⵽Ⱥ޵İΧϮ
뵽ֻͷһӽ
ֻ֮У涼гܷɣɵϣҲ޷˦ǡ
ԽԽż԰һᣬ˸ͱһս׼Ǹ˸ϵĳë֮ҺٺһЦ˵㿴ôޣȥƾͱˡ
С׼ô죿
ǾһսҾͲƾɱֻġʵƷ
˵꣬Ҳݺһͷ˵ãˣ۾ɱһǹ
˵ŻƴȫǰܣۿǰǱֱϵͱˣǰ϶һͷײͱϡ
ʱѾһǰ㣬ͬһʱ͵ڵһţչĳһģ̳бϷӳͱ͵˹ȥ
һٶҾˣܻȥɱֻһ
ǺУҲѾ߬ĳǹˡǹ̶ֱ޵׼
ɾ㡰ءһ̤ұϵͬһʱ䣬ֻ¡һ˭û뵽ǿ̽ʵұڣȻһŸ̤÷顭
û뵽ǣұڵĺ澹Ȼпյģһȥұȥһұڶˣ֮Ҳڿʧ˺⡭
ۿҪұںһںĴ֮ˣϽĴͼסƽ⣬վһƬڣռҲޣһչ͹סߵұڣһζͨһˤǰޱ֮С
ˤҺĭҲӱϸ˦ȥžһ˵أŷڵĶȻббسŵģںڰлŵغһͨȴκζֻ˳Ǻںб²ͣس淭߸ķͲҽˤĶڴֻ޵ŭ˻ǲڶ
Ȼֻ޵ȴǵķ֮бԽңԶȻǶͣ˶ڴû׷ɱ
뵽ﲻһɽתһ룬Ϊʲôû׷أˡ
뵽ʱڶеķҲͣͨһײһұ֮ƽȵ˵ϡ
ѹĵһʱ䣬ҸϽ;ûˤøɢƵģܵòС
ұվҸϽһܿ͵õĻӦ˦ֻͮͮĹâһȼǰܹˡ
ҽż΢⳯ΧһͼԶѾȥԵĭƺȷûбˤҸϽܹȥһȷĭҲֻƤ֮һ
ֳΧһŷ֣ʱ˿̣ƺһն޴ʯ֮УΧұڱĥù࣬ĹâϸǽһӱµıڻԼһĻƺġ
ʲôط
ҲʣȻɨһ֮ȴҲڻŵػܣƺҲЩ֪롣
ɾʱһֵء๾ࡱȴͻȻǵעͳǴӷŭҰ޵ĺзƵġ
󣬵ͻȻŵֱӾëȻ⵹һϽѭǹķ˹ȥͷ˲䡰⡱һ嶼ˡ
ǰʮ⣬һƬ޾ĺڰϾĹâ΢䲻ôԶĵط
ڰ֮Уͼ͵ع֣һ˫ɫ۾ֱضǿֱʱҲڷӦ˹ص
оû
ֱض˫ɫĹţٿҲľ㵣ҲڶɫŴ
Ĭһ֮󣬼һԹƺûʲô仯ҺŷЩŵ˵һ֣ɽʬ˱ܣҽӽ񡭡׶û׷ѵ˵ﻹʲôӿֲĹ
˵ʱҲһĭȻվѾˤˣʲôǿĹĻҪܹҲûô
ֻܰһᣬּ䣬ûĳǹٶȳУҲѾûһ㻤
һΣգ㱣СΣڻǳˡ
ˣûôװɣ׻ſأǶףиħͽʬΧ
ȻҲѾ˱׼βƵƵζƺҲƴһս
Ҳãʱˣֻ֮ܶڶˡ
һ֮Ȼһγǹʱ伸ʮͣǶĵĹ㡰ᡱһ¾˹ȥʮŹֲܿܣʮ׿ĺڰҲһƬͨ졭
Խ۵֮ͨУͼһͨµľ޴ʯѳǵǰʯϣһ⡢ĵ˷ʯ֮Уʯ棬һںӰԽ˫ĵĹţ˵һ˫۾
һڵϣһ˫ֳбϷ򿪣ϣϣϣϣĵϣʹͷŭ֮⣬κεһ˫׺쳣۾ǡ
͵صһɵؾ˳
磡


1185 񱩵ĺ
Ȼϳ˺ëĳһֻӡȻһǵһʱ
磡磡
ų磬Ȼûȳ嵽ǰأȴϵѰšһҲĺ͵ǰһˣѾצس˹
̫ǰ˳ûԶֱһק˻ȥͨһǱطڵغƴҷˣһ˫צƴسҵķץţиһʹ಻غ
磬Ϊʲô
ۿ缸ѾԵΪҰһ㣬ҳ׾ס
ʱҲѾŵظ˹̧ɨʱ˫оȻ¶˼ڸǵĻſ־塭
ˮ֧
űסĺһͬʱҲҵ˼
ɨһۣʵôӣɣ
˵ͷ˵ʱ
ˮˮ֧Ϲ˭˲֣֪Ϊʲô޲׷ˣΪ
˼ǣҲº磿
һһڣֵ˵ͷ˵Ϲ֧޶г֮ܣħҪη֣ĹħҲУΨŮסΪ£֧֮ҲһֱɵظŮԣһֱɽһսʱ
ᵽɽһսһսѾ˽˸ʮа˾ˣŮԼػɽ칬ħޱɱˮ֧޷ɱϾѹ˹ɽɽµĶѨ֮Уֻصʹֱ࣬񡭡
֧Ӳξ͸֮ǰĺ˶٣ֻСӣȻɢ׺ɱȴѨģ˺󱳷ĺëˡ
ҳŽӽ֧ÿǰһ֧ŭıбֵֻ̿ɫȻͬʱҲھҡ
ȻΪĪľ£ʹñƽʱҪӵײп񱩣ҲΪԱֿʼһδεسͼץ˺ҧҵ塭
С㲻Ҫڿˡ
ҵİȫϽ嵲סңǰһȻ֧ŲбףȴԽϤ
ʲô֧Ǻ磬ǸҸεաĺӡ
ӣѽСһ£
ҳŸͨõĻش޲ǷŭƴץӺͿţƺȫҵĻƺѾˡ
ҵĿ˺ıϣıϣһ˶Ľÿһ˹ֱקȥʱͻڱ϶죬ҡ֮ıקÿʼѪѪˮǡ°ͣǷŭױøˡ
ҵþ
ҵ¶ģȴһŭ𣺡㿪ʲôЦ
Ҽᶨص˵ͷֻֽ˵СǷ֮ǰʶǸˣ֧Ϲʱɱħ
Ҳʲôֻ֪Ǻ磬ҵĺֵܡ
˵Ŵͳ֧˹ȥΪ׼÷λ֮һקϵĽٵ˵û뵽֧ٶȴҲֹı
һȥսȥ֧쵽ĵطһ֧ҲͬԵҰһ㳯͵˹
ת˲֧֮˵ǰԶ̧ҪץϵĽֲŸո̧֧Ѿ˵ҵǰٶȿþˡ
С
ʱںһŭ𣬺ʱסҵһ°ҸקҪȻĻºѾһצץҵĺ
ʧ⵹ڵϵͬʱһҲѾק˻ȥ
ûأͻȻһģǧɽɲΪ
ҺϽͷһͼиںӰѾ˹ҸϽִһ𣬽һ͡
ͬʱҾõһͼһ첲Ѿȫˣϸֲץ˿ڣزͼͷѾʬƤⶼ˺ҧȥɭɭĹͷ¶˳
һȳһյǰߣһϽȥҪȴδңһתֱͳڵϵĭ˹ȥ
ͣ㣬ǡ
ûʲôϵЩʬ̫Ѳ˶ѣܿͻָġ
ȿ˿ϵˣֳ΢΢һЦ˵ˣұͲˣЩ˶˵ν
ͻ˵꣬˵ǣôģ
ֻްġ
һ߰ĭӵϷһֽ˵òװЩʬҸϽ׷ǣû뵽ȴֻⶴڵ޸ˣҿһֱڶǰתƣҲ֪ǿ϶棬ҲϽ˽ոһأ⼸ֻΪʲô׷ɱѵǶжһǡԭ֧ĶѨ
Ҳ֪֧£ʡ
͵˵ͷ˵ҵȻ֪ɽҿɱҪ˽ö࣬ϾѾɽ¸ôˣɽҲ͵͵ǱΡ
ңҸȥĶ硢ǣ
ҸϽʻһȴҲԥ
Ĭһ֮˵Со仰˵Ѿվǲ˵Ҳˡ
ʲô
ʵҰðմɽͲΪ˾ˡ
ͻһڣͷ⡱һʱ˵ν֪֪˰ս֪ǵһܺͻɽȴɽûҲŴǿһڹɽһǵһӦϡ


1186 ֮ս
ǣǡ
ΪԼܾ𣿡
ͻȻ̧ͷɨһۣǲм
ͣʲô˼
ҵ˼ܼ򵥡
վֱ˵˽Ϊˣڹɽ¸ֹôΣҸ˽⣡ÿһץҵ˺󣬶һʱáŮ洼ƻǸԼ£ȻٷԸңǼֲֵܸôļƵˣôֻʵʵȻԹԵأ
⡭
ˡ
˵ϸ룬ѾħԼõĽףܴǴûʲôŵһ˵ģֻ򵥵ֶȥıȡ桭
˵ڿѾ
ǣҡ
⻰ʱҼһͨһ̱˵ϡ
˵û˽ӲΪԼκεİȫ˵֮ǰץɽˣѾ
ʱѾýʣµһֱۣĭ˼ǿľʹײײس֧˹ȥ
æʣͣҪ

ôȣٶȷʡ
ͻش˵ܼ򵥣֪֧ܣϹϾεıסֻ֧лٵܹ֧ų
㣬ٵܵģ
ҡҡͷȴЦ˵ǲܣǶ˵һжпܡ
˵ŻѾСؽĭƽ֧޷ĵطͷɨһֽۣ˵ˣǴŸɽħıģⱦӵָɽǿ󷨱֧ܽų
ǽ֮أ
ʣ֧СѾǵˣǳĺֵܰڷ֧Ƕһɱ
⻰ֻǻعͷȻһЦ
ɱɱ˰ɡ
˵껰Ѿʼʩƽǰĭ壬ֿʼһɫǿ
ʵ͵Ƕףͬ˵һνɽĿģǾô򵥣ҪڹɽиƻԱӦϵĻᡭ
һųϹµ֧õķ
ȷʵܻɱǣͬϹһݵѪϴɽЩڵħƴһܾˣ뿴Ρ
ͿʼרʩҴãлǱ
ͣڹɽϹѺ˵ĵطĶʡ
ʻһͷҲص˵ߡԴӸ׹̳ɹߵķӡͳѺ˵ĵطŮʵ顯ʵҲ
Ķʡ
˵ڰɽϣǶ쳣أȴԶ׼ΪǲرǰػӪկ
˵͵תͷüͷңЩ
ˡ
һ˦֣һźէ֣ǹлû͡
ͣļƻͬȷʵڹɽڳ׵׵ĴһǵĽкܴİվҵĿģԾͽһͺˡ
Ҫȥߣ
ԡ
ҵ˵ͷֽ˵Ҳ²⣬硢˰˳Ѿǻ쵰ʵƷԲӪȣվֻǰ˳ɿܣǻŵĿԾ㻹ʣٷ֮һҲҵֵǲܡ
СҸһȥ
һŭ˵嵽ҵǰֻǰһ䣬ǰƺʾﵽԼıȥ
һȥһ

ᶨҲûٶ˵Ϳ
ǰ㶵ضҡͷ̾˿΢΢һЦ˵ǺãΣǿܶɽϣʲôǰأȥɣ֧ͽңһᾡؼգʰ۷硭
ͣôͽˡ
ҳ͵ͷ˵껰͵ŭһݡźںĶоͿ˹ȥ
һƬֻΪ·ۿžҪ嵽ڴʱͼһӰζȻֻֻû뿪һﴫȥĶǶ÷ĵͺ
ڶǰ͗軣ۿֻʳ׼̧־һƣƾ˲һ磬ֱֱ򶴿ڡ
ءһǳͬѪֻܣ̱ը󵹷˳ȥȻѪɫ֮УһźѾΧǻ硣
һںеĺڹʼ쳤ХŤΣܿһֻڵľ͹ͳĶսǹֵֵֻͬʱɣգۼĹѾҳ˼Զ
Сˣ
һŭ˵һ˫һչ˿ʱ𡭡
ڿն𣬵ϵҲſУûĺ̵϶Ҳڿ׷
һܲĺ֮ڣһֻֻɫѷǵټƲ֮¶Σͼǡ
ҴһƣƲڵĸޡԼħ˵Ҳиʮֻ˵ʮİˣһɵİն˵ûкͦǹͳȥ
磬ǿǧ
߶ֵǵ֣һǹһֻĹ񣬡͡һɳǹ˲ᴩǹĿڡ
ħһߣһɣħ


1187 
Եү½ħ磬Ҵһҹ굱С˿ɱΪһħսʿֽɳΪ︮ְһθ
ڣҲħˣǵʿʲô︮
Ҿһ
һ±ȫսɳڹ¾սֻԸʬĽ
ܾ֮£֮ͽɲǧ
ǰһѪǹ̴Ƭһ˲䣬ǹѾ͡һûĿڡ
ȻѾѪˣƣǿҡ׹ϣһǲٺһЦ
ģ˵ߴߴ磬ԭҲһݡ
˵Żһֻͷۿһ˫צѾߣһ߬סһֻצһͷϣ˫᳤ֵǹĺ͵ؾһ̣ʼĴųҳײӱ˿ڣʼһŵķɳ
û׹䣬ҷһԾһֻϣҪǹĳһֻȴѾӱ͵Ϯ
һ˽ҴǹȥצӸҺɼǵ˺ۡ
ûһУѾʼ̱سŵ׹䡭
С
ˤȥŵһУȶ׷
˭֪һһֻݵһ˵ıϣ׼ĳ͵ؾһڡ
ǹ´ĸһļ˲ĳס̲סһҽУܼѵڿбסƽȲħѾ˷Χ˹ȥ
գıߣֻҪǺںƣֻҪϰɽҲǻû죬Ҳһܾǰ
ҽҧأȻʹ̣ƴȫ׹;һתһƾ֮˲Ĵ桭
ءһѾصħʬʱը÷ǣŴӵϷˣһѾڿնֱĵط
еĳǹʺ죬ǱΧһź⣬ҲͱħѪȾѪɫˣƴ賤ǹû˺һǹնĲӣڵ
ҳûϣһݡ֮һ˻ȻΧֳŸ߿ȥȻͬѾܲ˿ڣĸѾ˺һ룬Ѫܵġ
һžת굤
ѪܵһŽɫĵҩһսȫƾЩħʵķҩ֧ţǲܰڡ
Ȼȴҡҡͷҧ˵С԰ɣҸҪ
ͳԣһŵס
ֱǵҩĿУ˭֪ȴۡһʱѪɽ֮ͻȻһìѾ͸Ŀڡ
һΣ̲סһҽУȻһ˫ȴǲƴĴͼڿסΡ
һŭ̧ɨȥƲ֮оһͷϳǵĹˣҲӳĹ
ʢŭ֮£߬ǹͳͶȥǹ׼عᴩǹ˵ĿڣڲҽŴƲз˳ŵ׹ȥ
ԣ԰
һֻ§Ĳӣһֻ߬ŵҩƴȴǽҧزԸ죬һ˫ƴĴţҼ߿շ衭
С㣬ҸҪҩţǵʱõõ
㡭
´ȴǧʱ䱣ˣǷĺֹһϧ㻹ʹ㣬ܳ¡
û䣬ͻȻһŭǰ͵һܣøˡ
Ѫͣشϻ䣬ԽһͷһɰӵħҲӱ׷һɷ죬ҪǷһ㡭
Ҳ֪׻ܳŶãᶨ֮ܿҴӰ֮ˤȥһΣŬɺԼʹ
лˡ
Ծأʪ˫ۣ߬߬ǿմѪľת굤֮ڻ̧ӽԼࡱһȥ
Цˡ
СǸøܽʶ㣬١
ٶ˵ʲôһ֮Ĵ߿գеٶȴѾʧѪ𽥿ʼѣ񶼽ľ
һͷһ׷ħ޵ӣѾԽԽ׷Ʊһ١
ʱһȴĺ֮д˳һ˲䣬͵һ˲ȼһĪľϲ
֨֨֨֨
ңӶ
ûΪʱľѾ·ĺɫƣ׷Щǵħޡ
һֻֻľҡֱϣĴ÷ɿ죬ûһĹһը洫һЩħѾһֻֻľը˸Ƥ
ȻԮˣһϲ
ȻʱһΪҵرըȴȺľм䲿λ
űըͼһСݵӰѡᡱһľȺ˳ʱϰգһֻ׷ǵħıϡ
Ӱںģ࣬Ψһ˫۾̹⣬˻
ԿٵأǱѾķ£Ǭţڤѷ֣˷˭𣬾Ѳңʮħϲʱŭʱˮ֧췭ظΪ
ҲĳȣۿӰѿʼӰΧħɱһҲһС
ˮ֧
߲Ǳˣ֧ҵĺֵܡ
硣


1188 
ӡ
ۿڿնһ󾪲ȻҲ˵ǸϲǸˣΪת˲ĹѾ˺˵·ļֻħӭͳ˹
˫Ĺ䣬ޱȣһ˫ѪܵצӳץʱҾȻѾ˶ܡ
һѾһ߬סҵļ򣬰͵һ°˱һֻħĺϡ
ħһ̿ʼûҶ£һֻצסҵĺ磬һֻצѾ͵һѾħĲ͡һһѪħľ׵ǾȻֱӱһѸץ˳
֮һʣ㵽֧Ǻ磿
ȻֻǶݺݵصһۣȴûشצ߬סҵ·ͻȻֽһܣᡱһȻק˸ߴһֻĺϡ
֧Ǻ磬𣿡
գ֮䣬ק£֮һֻϣ˼ʮס
ֱʱҲ˼ڰңھѽ
һϲʱ糯ԼСˣ
İɺӣң
ȻҲ֧߱ļ䣬Ҳüһɨû׸ƶԵ˲٣˵ϺͳϻˣڴһȺľѾΧסһʱ䵹ҲʲôΣա
ֳŸһҲѾֻ̤ľ񣬿ĭ׷ȳüëһЦŰ˰ֺȥ£ｻң
͡лˡ
ҳͷͬʱѾץһݣĺСμֱͬ޵ľƵģһֻҼѴ֮
ʱһͿѾſѪڳһû˵һ˦첲ȻֱӰҳǿ˦˹ȥ
ʲô˼ˣ
ʧ֮䣬ѾͨһײǿϣǿҪ죬ŷòƬ̵Ĺܰĥ⽴Ѹߡ
ɾǿͼҧҵĹ򣬺Ѿᡱһڵд˹˳ſķ϶һѪޱȵĺڰ֮У˫ĹѾøݶ
˫̤ס򦣬ֻצ͵һ壬˫ȻһʱѪҷɣ͡һþ粻Ѵ֮˺롭
úõһһӱһ죬Ķܽܵˣ̿ʼŤԱ߸һѳǷ˹ѪһţһһȻ͡

ʱĿȻҺͺ磬Ƭ֮䣬ҵѾоޱȵȣϽվ
ǶûҶأ羹һצӰҰ˵ϣһתҵǰֱǻĻſԼĸ첲
в˰ֺⷲСΣ
һŭʱ¡һѾ͵ײ˺ϣʱ佫
ɺǵûзκһҽУӭǰһȻЦ
Цͼ˫һ𣬽͵һţӶ澹Ȼᡱһ¾ʹ˳ȥӻλʱײɢĻʱ仯ΪС
ǻʧɫûüԼͣѾЦžࡱһеĺ統ûټҲֱ֪Ķȥˡ
ֻĹʹĻߴ紦ͻȻըһѪűըɳȥۣץһѪи߬һرԼͷҪ߳һͷǣȻǻһμ
մѪ⣬ǻҡڵ滹ûʧٶȷ˻ѪǰһǼһգճϵѪʱ仯ΪɻңһѪܵļѾɡһҰײҰ׵Ĺӡ
㣡
źһŭ趯Ĺ͵һ¾ͳͷȥ
ء
һҵһ˲˳ǻǾ͹ĿǻֳƻѪֱֱ߶ȥըڻײѽǻĥһҽУŴߴ紦Ļɳڳǧ֮µĵȥ
ʱҲѿǸҰɫĹڵ֮УҺٺһЦ֮һץסҾͿ˼͵һŸ߿ȥ
ҾȻͷֻһĺ翸ڼϣһˣˣȥģֻǰɴûеΣǸϽĺĺ˵һܴأ
һЩ󱲶ѣõ𣿡
һߣֱΧΧħ֮Աǣ⻰ǰҸһ
Ҳ˸״ү
ôϹħ㵽ĴĶ˵ֻѽ
ɾ֮ʱ缸һһһ߷һȺѾʮֻħϵķŭҲػΪϲãȻԡѪɱĹ̡
ҲսϾҪĻǾ͵ǰס
ںһǧҼȷɴʱҾ˵磬ǸأǧķӡѵѾ
Ѿˡ
ɨһۣǱƺЦȻԵøӵĿֲˡ


1189 Ϲ
СһҿǷǽħһ鰡͡
ǰҪĻҲѾˡ
˵ŻһͷɨһۣѾι˾ת굤ʱ˿ı䣬ҡϻڻԵĭͬɢһǿҵĽ⣬֮УһȺȺľȿֺط˳ΧѾ˳ǧֻѹѹһƬŵЩħҽӽˡ
һҹĵԼϵͻȻ΢΢һЦһ˵Сһ̣㿴
˵Ż͹̧˫ûҪʲôأͼ͸߸߾˫ֿʼԽӡ־仯һ֣־ı仯идʡ
ƺڹƵģӡʱһֱ̧ͷ΢΢Ц
־ɵͬʱĬҲѾͬһʱֻһΧΧһȦľͻȻ俪ʼӷɿĴų򣬿ʼڡȺҷ
ȺĶ漴۸ӵķб仯ңȻǧֻľҷһͨϸһνȴûõĹ򣬾ͼһֻֻľοʼ仯ÿֻͬľ񽻴һ壬Ȼһ󽻴͵ľֺΧľʼΡ
Ҳɵصһ˵Ҳνգ
ȻûһĹһȺľͷβཻȻѾϳͬľƴһ㡭
ħĪ⣬СΪҪѧĻء
ͻһڣֻΪָһɨҲʱһǵڿնŤ峯Һͺڵĸ߿ڷ˹
ľƴճɵĿڿڷʱһҡͷβŤΧħײ˸ţȻûЩħأӾ⵽ײĲλѾһըܿ죬ƵƵըľѾΧħѪȾúͮͮģȻسŸ߿ڷš
ܿ죬׷Һͺڵĸ߶ȣҲûǣҡͷβ߿һֱײȻҪΪɱһѪ·Ҳûһֻצ߬һ̤һϣ˳ͿʼڡϿһɱ
ÿÿȹĵطضըһ棬ٶʵ̫ˣÿνŲȵĵطըʱѾֳȥԶͲܵ
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⻰ĭֳϲȻǾϲɫȴת˲ֵ֮Ȼ޴棬ʼŵΣͼʲôƵģͻȻ˵СأСأ

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磡һҪңң
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ɱͺһƫΪɱѪ·ķ򣬵ʱһ㶣ŭ
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ʱһҽԽӽءһǺѾҵԣΪҵסħϮ
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Ļ䣬һ촫ҲѾĴų򸩳˹Ҳ࿪ʼΪһмܡ
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ȻѾȫ˶־ۿһȺħ˹ԷܲһֱײʱΧħ޵ĲҽٶȲڶתۼѾɱһƬ찵ء
ʱԶͱǰͻȻһӰȴҵעѭǷµӰһǸȻֻǸһˣվˣֱѾΪħС㣬ԼЦ麣
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⻰麣ҲһЦǵķŭ˵С¿ûƭ㣬ȷҽѺʵҵģٺ٣ѾôãʲôɫѾǵʵԱժˣľ֮һ߾ʬѣ
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ֳ̧ǰȺħסһָû˵ٶȳǰɱ˹ȥܿź硢ΪɱһѪ·
Ȼ𾪵ĲһҲѾʧԭأݺݵȺɱ麣ͻȻһŭ𡪡
麣ұңѵҲһʧõ𣿡
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麣⻰ҰûܷӦ


1193 
ס麣ֱֹȭ˵һ顪
һ߽֮СԸ
˵ǡһеİߣôأ
ҡͷȫ麣Ļٿڵص麣ҲͬĲԸüͷΡ
ʱһ׹˸ľƮȻҵǰҹһЦ
Сʵ֮мˡ
˾֮ǰڻþʱһһɷǵģ
ҸϽֱȭ񣬾ͼһ˦䣬ɨ麣һֳۣſڵİ˵ŽߣЩħа̤һ

ľ˻һڣԼ麣ӦһϽ򶴿ڣŮ硢Fֶס˶ڣĭҲϽȥæ
ᣬľͻȻһ˦䣬˵˾䡰ߡ֮κȻֻΪ׹⣬ߵĶƮȥ
ҸϽŽյİ׹⣬˳һɨͼΧĶϿ˸ֿĺͼЩͼеĳȻϹ֮սʱĸֳ档
һ߸ŽľǰУһʣ˼ң涼ˣΪʲôôﲻЩħ޵ĴӪ𣿡
ԣЩħȷʵﱻġ
˵μǰƮڡ
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Ϊʲôᵽɽȥʵ
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ľ⻰Ҳɵؾһ︮нٶ˵Ҫִɽ£ٶȼоҲҪһܵʱ䣬죬ڽǾͻƿӡⲻǵʲôˣ
뵽ҳ׾˵ˣֻܽüͷŽľ˳ǰߣһ顭
һǰɫǿȴҵע̲ס
ʲô
ңϾֲߵҡ
ľ˵Żһ˦䣬ѩ׵˲Ʈɢŷ֣ԼѸŽľˣһƻֺڴ֮Уļֳ̌ǰһָҸҫ۵İ׹ϸһͼһž͵Ĵ͸˽ʵұڣ˶Ĺ֮С
Ǿǽľ
ֳΧɨ˼ۣͼϡұϣǲϣץۡӺݣ޵һزҽ޺˷
ԽԽ󣬳飬֮ҸϽסԼĶ䣬Ȼȴȫûκε;ʱһҵͷۡ
£ѧᾲ
ת̧ͷϸ£ʹڽתʱͼľ˫һ𣬰һŰ׹ɢسҲɢˡ
ǧЩսħĿ޺ЩѾԹȾұڣԾòɢ
˵⻰ֳǰ̧һָѭָķȥͼǾ͵ǰһ̳̳ǰʯϣ̳һۣϸһЩ۾Ȼγһͼ󷨣֮иѪ˳ǹ۲סߡ
߽ϸǼ̳ĺһ̳ĵϣһ˸ŽĸʬȶΡȻ
ǣʲô
󷨣Ͼ󷨣Ҵɽֲ˹ѱ;ݱٶãٴδͬɽɽͨ
˳̾һֽ˵ݱһͨ󷨵ɽҲһҪǡ
ҪҲɽȥ
û˵ҾѾµˡ
˵˵ͷ˵ûҪΪʤסǣΪǵȡʱУҪͬɽҲҪס꣬ýƹض
ס
ҵ˵ͷ̲סʣ˼ңףΪʲô麣Ҳһ֮һҾͲˡ
һʣ΢΢Цҡҡͷ˵ʵİ߽
ʲôѵ˵ѵ˵Ҳðһ˵ԸôģôԼһֱأ
ӣȱ𼱣鰡¾Ҫ˵ˡ
Ц˵ʱʿ츣˵


1194 ߽
츣ҵȻ֪
Ҽᶨص˵ͷϾֲİ
ǵõүҲᵽˡ
ʼ겻רʵҪóʿ츣ΪԼĴѰ֮ߣʼȴ츣ƭ츣ʳǳѰʵǧͯŮ鱦ӵ˺⣬ӴҲûл
Ȿǹ츣Ĺ£İ汾Ȼ֮үһࡣ
ү˵ĩʱ︮õһµ¼˹츣һ¡
˵츣ǰԭΪʼĴҩһɽ֮Ѱҵһš
Ȼ֮ǰȴо·츣뾡취ȴ޷һ˼ƻֻϡ
츣Ψ췣ֵĻᱻʼʳͷ˽Ǳӳһȥɽвŵ飬ʼ֪顣
˼Ķʲô͸ǽȻûдʼʵĶϢйұ֪
˽볤ΪȻҲ⣬ʱǲΪĽһŮɽѰ䣬һΪ˷磬һΪ衣
ԲϵԼεĴ󽫾裬ʵǸ˼һѡ
Ȼλȴû߳ɽһ˵еţҲڴ˳Ϊ鹹Ĵԣʧ䡣
ľ˵¹жʮĳҲжʮλԭƺ򣻴λ봨ɽܳɽƳݳ¤̫ԭ±ǨرãѨλ³ȡ֮ÿһı仯Ҳڱ仯ʵνġšǵɽԨе칬ţҲǴ˵֮еţǨλˣŻᱻʿ츣֣츣ŵĵطâɽ
âɽ
⻰ٶһ
âɽǲǵ꺺նĵط
źո巴ʱâɽ
һ뵽ͻȻ뵽һ
ǵڳޱϰֵĿʱڷӡĹž淢ʯףһʯڿһС֡
һâȲǾ׻ʱµó
ھУǿᵽâɽѵ˵âɽʲôϵ
ʱ˵ӣն壬Ӧòİɣ
⻰ҡҡͷȻİ
˵ո巴ʱâɽϣɽʱͻȻܳһ͵İ·һս֮ӽնɱжΪɱ
εǴԼƭ˵㿴Ÿɽôȵƽٻɣ
ǰˬľʹӦ͸˵ǷҵˣһҪģҲ㲻ȥնҵԴҾʹͷնҵβͣҾʹβ㽫ҵնϣҾʹм䡭
˵ǰʧˣҲû£ʦŽ˴󺺳
û뵽Ȼ£ûһеġƽءˡƽۡˡƽۡʱߵĻǾתͶ̥çɱ˺ƽۣı˴󺺳λˡƽçָֻ˺ҽɽΪ˶նϵİ߹Ȼмն˺Ļҵ
ȵȡ
뵽ʱˡһ̧ɨľˣڶ΢΢Ц
ңˡҾ
ʣʲôˣ
츣âɽʱסľ͹ǰǰǹɽ칬֮һе֮һ
΢΢׷Ц
Ϲ֮սҵһţհ뽫սսɽȥǱ˼䡣֪˶£һֱ¶棬ҵѣʰʹǰѾλâɽеŴػ츣ȴձ·նɱδô׾ȥ
˵һЦҲ˳˼֮С
һ˼ͻȻ뵽һ֡
ç
նߺ󣬰߻ΪڡƽۡͶ̥Ϊçλм˺һҵ
çۺ³ʮ֮󣬾ͱΪ󺺻Ѫͳ𣬲Դ˴ԴˣǽԼ֮ĶԹһʹˡ
ȻçԹ겻ɢǰˣٴͶ̥תΪĵǰʿҪɱ㱨˭֪𲻳ȴֱɱһΡ
һºԹ͸ˣĲ˳ٲֻأԻ֮ɽУԼħ̫ǿǴǲ뵽һ취һ߱ʬ壬Լϣٲ»ᱻˡ
ҵһ̫ʬ壬ϼУճһʬħʬħ͸ҽһˣǾʬΧ˷õǧ
ʬħ
̧ɨľˣ΢΢һЦ˵㶼˰ɣ
ˣһеİ߽ǡʬħձʬ麣ɣ麣ߣҲ麣գ麣ȡ˺Ϊһеĵˡ

˵ͷ΢Ц˵û麣ǲ鲻Ը𣿵˭̰ԣȻΪ˶ȡͬʬŻõƵ³
Ҳ˵麣ôǣԼԸƣ
ľЦŰ˰֡
˵ǿƣ˵Ϊһ֮һ麣ȻҪҡ


1195 ɽ
ЦǺǻش˵һͬʹʹͬλҲвͬ˸˾ְȼҲһһݼϼҿͳ𣬰ͳߣֿͳΪһµһλͳ
ʲôôһû
һ£ȴ΢Цҡҡͷ˫һУһһŰ׹է֣׹֮ڣѾֳ˰硢麣Լ˵
ͻȻľ÷Ӷڴ˹Ҷһ£ʱľ΢΢Ц˵ǷģϾڣҪ˳ҲܲܣҺŮסͺãˣҪһ񡭡
˵Żһָ̧֣Ǿǰŵļ̳Ц˵˽ͨɽ
ľ˻һڣԼ麣ˢˢؾͰݵ˵ϣ˵ݱͨ˽ǰɽͼЭǳӡڱɹӡƳ¼ҪǸɽػ꣬þݱȵıóѡ

شΨ麣ЩѿҲѹ֣ϾֻڽľˣȻ־Ը
Ӧ֮վȳ̳ǰĽ˹ȥҡ硢ҲϽ˹ȥʱͼļֳ̌ĭһָ΢Ц˵ôǰɽСһ֮ٲѽ
⻰ĭüͷ̾Ϣ˵үүңҪС硭
˵ͷɨһ۶̾˿˵С绹ûǻϣҵΣա
ĭ˵⻰һᡣ
ƭ˵ͻǻϵģȻһСŮ˵ôֱӰأ
ĭǿСͷһʱҲ֪˵ЩʲôǺˣľɨһ֮ȴͻȻҡԴЦ
Цĭע̧ͷ˵үүЦʲô
Ц㿴
˵䣬˵ͻȻըһỤ̋ĭ˹ȥŵĭϽһ
Ȼûĭ㿪ǰѡһ˵ĭǰΧС
ΧĭתȦ֮ٶըɢ컯Ϊ˵Ρ
̸һɢͼĭͻȻءͨһ̱ڵأ˲˳ۿ
СΣôˣ
ҸϽܹȥͼĭȻûҷסȴһ߬סҵĸ첲̧ͷ涵ʣС硭˶Բԡ
⡭
ĭͻʻЩ֪룬ȻɨһԽľǳǻ۵΢ЦˣѾһжĭ
⻰ҲûʳȻ뵽ʱͼľ΢΢ͷ̾˿˵˼ˣƭãΪ˱ȻԽͼ˵˺ȴԽ
ҵ˵ͷĬĬ
ĭøˣۡһ˵һ
һʱҲ֪ȥοֻܱĬĬ飬ĭһӲסĨһֳ˹˵ԭһжǼٵģҲһѡ
СΣô룬Ͼ
ϾʲôԼЩ״ˡ
ʱͼFֶȻ˹ͷĭϲ˲䣬˵ʵ֪ҲãϾҲһֱ㡭
FֶҲ֪飿ȴһֱڹ
ĭٶȷʣFֶ̾Ϣŵ˵ͷֽ˵ʵйڼѵļ䣬峤αģҸӲʶˣһֱɽУ֪һս˼ӾűƳɽ峤ͣҺΪѣһֱߣĿֻǱİȫΪܸõĽӽ㣬ΪƵļ֮УұдΪػμ˵ޡ
ԭFֶһֱллˡ
ĭվһﵽFֶıϣֳ˵ǳɡ
СΣ㡭
ģҼȻˣȻҲһСѾˣȻʹδ̳С
ĭǻȻ˵ĸǿ㣬ȻȴΪȵı˶ţѡԴΪء
ǺðɣСΣδɵʹһɡ
˵ŻתǵؾǵϵĽ֮УĭFֶ󣬶ҲѾڽ֮վţƴ
ľ΢Ц˵һϹػţЭ۶ԿǣβܶԸû˱Ǹ߾ٱãҺŮסߣ޷ͬУǵɽһжţΪŽ֮ڶˣҲܵ
ľ˵Ҷ˵ͷ˵ĿֳȺ麣ɨ˹ȥ΢΢һЦ˵㣬ʹøʵʵ¡
벻𣿡
麣ɫѿȻһһٸԸ⣬ȴΪĳصϵòӽľ˵İš
ҲѹӸڽпʼѾ⵽ֵΰۣ͵͵ں·˼ĭϾ麣Ǻ̫ˣҲѹִҶ
ʱͼľ˫һ̧һŰ׹է֣繵֮УѪҺٶͻȻʼӾ磬Űһէֵĺ⣬һǵǰѾһƬڰ
Ƭ֮ǺڰɢǰģѾһƬߡƮĻҰҵͷһϵһҰ׵Ĺͷһȳ⡭
Ϲġġء
ɽ


1196 ׽
ȺħĹɽɽžüֱ˺ëֱܣصĽʬԼήĲľ棬˵һƬġءһ㶼֡
˿ΧĶ֮һͷͬ䱸Ĵİʵľһжģǽô
ɽϣǱ뾡ϵǡ
Ļ˵һ룬ͻȻͨһ֮дҸϽͷȥŷѾˤڵء
ôˣ
ͻȻŵôҸϽΧ˹ȥ˭֪һӣ͸оһĪͷѹָ˲Ϯҵȫ
⣬ô¡
̲סһں˰Ķǵذɽ㼯֮أǿˮԴط֮ܵģгŨԹ治ˡ
˵ŻͼһŰ׹˳ڵϸջΪΣѡͨһҲ̱˵ϣʼشϢ͸Ƶġ
ȻֻԹžסɽϵޣԿҪȻҪ߹ǣǱӲǣҲѾʼͷĿѣˡ
֮£ҪȥɲףҪͷȴ˵С֪ľΪָҪĭһΪǽħĲرⰡ
˵ɨĭһۣҲʱȻ򣬸ϽվĭЦˣôˣСΣֻܾǵˡ
ңôȣ
ĭ˵һ㶣Ѿѧ֮ǰ͵ӣʼӡ
ǰڹɽɽһսƺҪοر⣬ÿνӡ֮ǰ⳯ʹɫƺҺúѧϰ
ΪħĺˣȻҲʧȻ˵ѾЩ䷨ȫѧҲǹˡ
ӡһɣʱһĭըɢһŴ۵Ľ⣬һĭΰͼʧɫĭһΣѣ˵桭
СΡ
ҸϽסȻָĭһ˲䣬;ˡһһƬհףհ֮Уȴ𽥻ûһι״Ʒ
ЩȣʱϸһԼƺһ׹˸Ĵ󷿼һž޴չʾ񣬹֮а˸ʽķ;
ѵ˵ѾĭͨǽλĭڵĲرУ
ϸ۲ΧЩչʾϵĸɫ඼ϵʲôҲûùĿܿһźɫ˿ľϣڵĶǾת굤
ɲϸ룬ҸϽֹȥץĵҩɲһ֣Ժ֮֡ˡһһƬհ׵ƣǸصĴ󷿼ѾΪУֳֵҵǰ
ʱ򣬾ͼһŽ֮£һſžת굤ѾĭڷɳҸϽֽ̧סЩҩһһֵָǡ
ЩҩӦֵܵסɽԹϮ
ת굤Ϊħҩ෨ȥ֮һˬĸоϾȻĿͰֵڳ˵ҩ֮ҲܿͻָԪվ
ʱҪһŵҩݵ麣һײһ£Ҳһʱ䷴ӦһѾͰĵҩץ˹ȥ
ιǸʲô
һԼӵۣ麣ΪѵƲ˵ҲǵһԱȻʬôǿҵԹҲҺģǲҪ˺òã
綢麣Ҳ˵ֵһ֮һ˵麣ʵҿã˵Ҳһ֮һҾҵ˾Ҹһܾú󱳷ֲõĸо
ԣҲôã
ͷɨһ˵СɴԵҩˣֱͺˣ
⣬ⲻðɡ
⻰ҲΪȷʵ麣һδΰǱϾ·ȻнľԼ˭ֻ֪ˣʲôأ
ʱ˹Ȱ˵ǲҪˣԺԺ˵Ǿȱôս
һڣ綼εƲƲ죬ûúðѵҩǵͷ˼£ˡ
֮ŵݸӷžԼƨɺ麣ˣֱ֡
ѵҩһӣüһҩϸһɿƵģǰ麣ñӶˣֱš
ɱϾóĵҩֻʣôһˣҲУҲֻܼȦ
Ҷµҩֶָ԰˵ۿԳ˰ɣ
õһȡҡҡͷ
ȣҪʲôʡ
ĿԶɽ΢΢һЦ
˵ܲٲܲٵ㿴ǲѾˡ
˵ʱҶѭָԶ˹ȥͼ֮ͻȻ仮һǰĽ⣬ǰͷһâգۼĹǰһضʱءһڵըһ
ûǷӦô£ҵرը֮УһλεӰѾͦųǹһԾеĽɫǹ͵ؾͳ麣˹ȥ
ѽѽ
³ͻȻŵ麣ϽˣʱɹĽҲѾأӱըֳʮɫӰһ¶Χ麣
ͻϮеزϸһǾȻһȺ´Ž׽ѥӡֳֽǹʿ
ȺʿΧ麣ʱͻȻ緢˵Ϊͳ죬㻹ܹǣ


1197 ս
Ҳ֪Ķ˰ѹӣأһ⻰ֱӰѹһ˦˵ôôأˣɱܴһ٣
ɲǿЦʱ򣬶ൢһһ룬Ƕƹض֪֪
˭ͺģٷƢһҲֻε̾˿վһ˫ۣһէ֣ѾһλεĽףһֵĽǹҲûΡ
֣ͣ
һŭ𣬰źͼΧ麣һȺ׽ͬһʱȫͣתܵǰкöΣˢˢ͵ϥ˵ϡ
棬еˣܵ˵ô£һֻĸˣЩǡ
ǵػ칬
ش˵ҵĽһһ໥ƣľΪ֮ˣ˼̬ΪһΪ߽ΪΪģרػŰȫֳơŽŽ٣ǡ
˵һȻȻʱϸȺݵڵصĽ׽һȴͻȻ־е֣Ǵͷһλ׵ˣܾе졭
ԽԽ֣Ͻ˹ȥϸϸֶһһ˵ô㣿㲻𣿡
ѾϳǴͷĽˣǵȥʱɽ۴λϴ峤
ǵǴĴȫۺᣬɽػİȫȻҲΪصʹȫ˱ɱϴ峤Ҳڡ
Ϊʲôֻǰ
Цϴ峤ҰûعϽʣ֮ǰ˵ɽڶѾΪأΨһȺصĽɽлԿǣѵ˵ġѵ˵ľǣ
һһڣǴ峤̵˵ͷʱҲ֣һȺ׽վ
ûǡ
΢΢һЦ߹ּ˵ϹͳԼѪҺһڣػ칬ȫ칬ݣػ칬Ľʿɱʹȴû˽Ͷ̥תΪһ壬Դ˿ʼɽ˱ӡڵĽ
˵ŻǴͷĴ峤ͷ񣬴峤ЦЦֽӹ˻˵û˵ۺᣬȻֻغ׸ҲûʲôֻƽƽػǲƵСɽ壬Ȼֻأһδܶʼֱ񡭡
ǡ
ʻһǴ峤ֽ˵ʵЩػߣʹǰǸ˵ǣ۱֮⣬ϸ˿ֹԼǿҲ޼µģ۰ػڴ֮УĿֻһػǵȴǽѣЩϵġػߡƱرɱȫ˱ɱ֮ǲԽš
˵ڲִʹʱ򣿡
꣬峤˵ͷ
ʱֽ˵СʵԴһս֮ɽ߿ɶˣ˵ǻûг꣬ȴγԳƹؿػΧһֱҹ뽫֮Ĵʬ֣˽ǵĸȰ
˵껰ֳǴ峤ʵˣڵôݱӦ͵˰ɣ
꣬Ǵ峤ֵ˵ͷ˲Цȫޣüͷ
ݱȷʵ͵ˣħǱŮ洼ƻɣϹ䱻δֳ˾ʬѶԸҿԮ֮ǰϵҪȻĻĿҪֵסˡ
峤⻰ڣҶסˡ
Ԯ֮⣬ôỹԮأ
˺ʱ峤һͻȻЦ˵ֹǾȣǼλԮϵʱǶһ֮ǰǿûٸǽ֣˭뵽ͻȻأ
Ŷʲôˣʡ
峤ЦЦ˵ǳѳΪǴͳ֮ģʬ
ǣ
峤⻰ٶһŮɡӮ֮ǰǸץ˲ŶԣΪʲôص
ûףѾ΢Цֿ˿ڣĴʬΪѡ֮ˣְǸסȻǣǽľ˼Ұǵæ
˵ǽľ˾ǵꣿ
ʻһ˵ͷҲû˵˸֮ŵسɽɽ̧һָ
ȻõĶѾˣߣҲȥѡ
һڣ֮ڿն𣬰׹⻮Уһѩ׵ľշ裬һǵֱֱͳɽɽ˹ȥ
Ͼֻа麣飬һߣ麣Ҳҵ飬ϽѾӾɽǰֱײһ߳һߴﴫһѽѽؽȻҲսʮ㡭
ȵڻܲȵģ˵ܿùɽһ֧أ
СȻɷʮ㣬ǰһ񱼵ͬʱ֮ΧʬǱضҷ
ٿŸոѹĭҲѾFֶĺ󱳣ͬηظŴҳǰ
Ҳûнĳǹһ٣ſһŭǹɽϳȥʮ׽Ҳֱ壬ͼЩųеĽ׽ǰһܣ°˫ȾһŽ⻯Ϊβ˰˰ߵģ
һ˶緢Ҳ̲סһĳȣŴһɽϳ壬ʱЦӱ
СҪԼȥɣ
һͷһͼһ˫ǰ¹ڵأȥء


1198 ݱ
Ǿ鷳ˣ
ЦЦ󱳣ɽһֱײ
ͰֵҲȻֵܶȶ̣Ͳסڵÿ죬һ׷ңҲݵ硭
ɽȻǴݲΪأȴ󣬼ֱͬһޱ޼ʵĽһ㡣
ӽɽλʱûǿλãֵǾͶѾ۵ÿҪˣϾһ棬һӰǵģɽϳԹ
ҸϽְĭеߣת굤ָ㶼תࡣ
ǰֱײʮ̧֮۳ǰɽȥͼһҴܣԼԼػܿӰڵɱĽϴ峤ͻȻһŭ
ǰˣǵͼסݱȣȥֵҪһˡ
˵ͼϴ峤ͻȻǰһڵȥͻȻŵһžһֻɫĳѾӴ峤ױչŴ峤ξͳ귽˹ȥ
峤һ漸ʮ׽̶һԶԽɫչͬڿеĹһ㡢ųβͷɽȥ
һֱģΪʲôǶɣΪǵϴΪʲôȴ᣿
Խ˵Խһְǹһּӿ˽Ų
үģⲻƽ
żȻҲżûöõĹֵǾȺǸ߸ɽ£ǰһͼɽϵĿҰ֮䣬סֳֽǹĽ׽ںͶĽʬ֡
Щʬ׹̳ۣ֫ȫûнӲı仯ȻԡŮ洼ƻʵ⽩ʬ
ڽʬȺĳЩ׽֮⣬ͼʬŮɡӮҲڻΪƴɱš
սֵȻֹۣ˵Щ׽Ϊ칬κζԷʬʵ̫࣬ûǳս֮УͼսߵĽ׽Ѿһص˵ϡ
ʱ͵һŭΧ׽һȺʬڱעһеʬ϶˾ϲı顭
Ůɣټ磬Ǽ˲ʪ˫ۣԼ磬ȻѾò֪ˡ
ϣ
Сı󣡡
Ůɻû䣬һŭ˵һֱ̧֣ӰĽǹͳŮɵķ˦˹ȥ
͡
Ƿǹ˲ᴩһֻʬĿڣƬ֮ǰǽʬҪͼӺ͵ϮŮɡ
ƣɱս֣Ȼһ˫ȭѾߣȻֿȭǽ߬ȭͷһֱײҴûȵ·ĽʬǷӦѾážҷ
һɱս֣ҲѾڰеİһΣ׹ֱֱŵײءһ׹ײԲʮнʬײ⵹˳ȥ
ٿ麣ͺҲͬҰһʳǰġǺ磬պġɽһӡѽ⣬˭ܵס
ĽʬˣֻųɷһţͶŵƨɢӴˡ
ֵŤתսֵĹҸϽ嵽ʬǰ֮Ůɾ˵ŮɣǶڻΪʲôҲ
үǹġ
Ů˵ߺ󲻾ãľͻȻڻʹǻعңҲڽˣǸү˵һɽߵүδɽȺ׽زסŸϽᳵ·ʬϹæԱȷǲǰƹأϾܻΪɳӮɹҲò˶ʱ䡭
ԭ
ҵ˵ͷϽ־˵ˣʱûٻ˼ӣ
ӣǸɵ󷢣
Ůһ£˵ǵû뿪ʱүȷʵյ洫Ϣ˵¥ڸ·ϣͿҪˡ
˵꣬Ѿ֪ЩʲôǺˣҲ˵ʬ֪үֳ׸ǱʧȥϵҲ֪Ǳߵôˡ
ʱһͻؿͻȻԶϮǿһϮʱ䴵õϵĽʬҷͬͻȻһĪɳƵġ
֮УһعЦѰŷ˴
ΪԼֹסĻ𣿱νˣѶֻ֮谲ˡ
û䣬ͼһŰ磬ȻѪɫġ
֮УͻȻ¶һӰƮڸ߿֮ϡ
ϸһһúۡοݵˣ˫ۺͮͮͬѪƵģһͷҵͷӭչһ۶ѣûұۡ
һ֣ս˲˶̲ס̧ͷۿΪһǿҵغ⣬ͬһѪɫ̫ҫŴء
˻֣صĽʱһſõĹͷһݹ᾵ֱۣɽϺ˵ʬݹǣѾͬһ㣬ӽŤվ
ɱ㣡
ۼڿʮ׽ͬһʱӶڿն𣬳ǹ˾˹ȥ
еĽǹûǹ˵أˡһһźէ֣ʮ׽˲ͱǺײ÷ǣ׺޲ҲѶըĭӿƮ
峤һһŭ𣺡Ҫ嶯ݱɱôֵܣѵǻĿ֮𣿡
ԭǾݱȣڼˡ


1199 ֮ս
ݱ󣬵ϸһƬȺħ֮࣬תۼĹʬѾЩɽʬһ𣬰Χס
ңԶɽϣѾԼԼֳΧҲһ˸һԴӰҴܣȻǸػǰĽ׽ͬһȺʬչƴ
һǶʬסڰеľݱͻȻһЦõϣЦݵŶҲ
ЩţǶԿħԿޣԿʹȻ߸ϵľݱȣȷʵʵ
ΪϵĹ崴֮һ̫Ĳ½磬˼俪ոµ磬ȴıѶʧȥһУֻܹӲдرڣһѶ𽥸õʬ֪˶ٸʹ¡
˫ͬõ˫Уֻܿ޵ľʹ࡭
˼ʱһֻȴͻȻҵļϣһͷһ磬ֵҲͺΧĸʬһš
糯ҺٺһЦʵֵܣɶأ
˵ʱûûεıͬһåƵģκεĻ
ޱ˵ܷɶ磬ǿ񣬸ոһ͸ɵô칬׽ʵɼһߣǡ
ֵܣ˼ˡ
Ҽ£û˵껰ʹҵĻЦ˵㻹ǲǵãҵϰĵڶ£һСƦڵﵷҡ
ҵ˵ͷ¶ҵȻǵá
ʱһ˺ˣʼϷһļŮŮǱɧżˣͷĹ˦˶Էͷһͣһ£ﶼ˴
ˣǾȻ߬żŮͷקߣɿȥˣ϶ȥһͨᣬѴͷСˡ
¶ûоôˡ
¶ҿһЦ˵磬ǴҲùģ˵˭ãƫƫز̵׶Ӹˣ˼Ҵʮҵ꣬ǵýµǸ¶
ǰǰһζأ
˵Цֽ˵Сֺڰͨԣ׵ӣڵŵ˺ü죬Ҫӹ£ȻͰѵˣɺأҹû
ҡҡͷ
ʱ绹û򣬰ǵĻƶйȥһ˷ǧǮǲɢѣ˵ǳȥ㣬ȻԼʼڰ̨ǰĥ
˵ͷԷɣվ˲ĶߣǶӲͷƤǮ磬һϵſڶ˼ٺˣŵʹͷȥˣ϶ԡСĸں桭
ʱЦЦ˵ֵܣʱΣ˵͸ƵģǣҶؿ϶ǻˣһ·ûˣɡһӵѪҲҵŵȥʱѾͱ汳Ĵˣɺأ
죬޾֮·Цˡ
ҲЦˡ
ǰ޾֮·Сӽü϶ϵãһƳҪƴƵģˣ͸۴ԲǵûСӸ۵Ǹ˵Լˡٺ٣˵춼ˡ·û˵¶ô׾ٵĽˡ
˵ͻȻ̧һָƮڿеľݱȣЦ˵ʵ¶͸¶һڵʱ˵ʲôħ޸ûϵ²ؼٴ¶ҲȲҪ۵ĵ꣬ڵǣǰһ춼¶֮ǰǴʲôأٴ¶ҧͦȥֻҪŬʲôֵˣֵ˵ǲǣ
磬˵Ķԡ
һˣЦų˵ͷ̧еĽǹ귽һָŵЦ˵ֵܣȸô˭ܵһ嵽ǰ
ãͱ
ҸӦҲ˹Ц˵ҪǺѽҲ㰳һ
ûͼڵأͻȻצڵ͵һţᡱһѾͬҵļƵ˳ȥ
һŭ𣬾ͼצһ·ǰ壬;·ħžײҷɡ
ᣬҲû͵һнǹһŽɫŨʱͬһǹð˳ŭͳ˹ħ˹ȥ
Ⱥħ˦һҽֱ壬һŭ𡪡
ֵǣػ꣡һܶҲý϶Ĺɱɱɱ
ŭΧһȺ׽˲䱻ȼս⣬ӭΧȺħʱһֱͨײȻҲ
̧귽һȺʬ˹ȴһСƾ֮½ǣû飬ĽŲͳķ򣬡žһڿնʱպҵǰҾǰ壬ͰҲ׷һֱײ
Ȼʱȴءһ죬ǰʮ⣬һѪͻȻڵըһ޴Ŀ
ϣδ䣬ͼǾݱѾΨһĸ첲Цŵסǵȥ·
ǺανǼƹض˭ҲȲ˾硭
Ȳȵˣƨ£
Ц˵⣬ġ
û䣬Ӧžݱֱ˹ȥоͼ԰׹һΣǰҲݱȡ
ʱذһС˵ĻҲƫƫʱϮҵͷ
ɱ񣬷ɱΨң

찵صһսֱӳ˴֮ã׼ȷʱȫûиֱѱɱ飬ٽ׽ǣɽҰʬȺԡѪս֧ǻȥģĭȡ֮ľת굤֮⣬ʣǲдһ˿Ķ


1200 ڤԮ
ҲµûĻⳡ޾Ŀսеʱǵ˲ȫصǰ
Ĺ޽ͬһ޴ĹȻ涼ûŴԹ˽룬Ǳɫʯͷģһľ͹ڣ
ڣϡ棬Դһ޴Ļƽܣεģ̻׵ľͽ׽иֵǹ־ǻģȻƶеıȴû磬ֿаħǵ֡
˵ǰػĹڣʱ׽еѾȺħϮ֮ѣֻʣһǲս
սУƽÿСʱʱҪһžת굤Ա㸴ԭơвֵܽ£ִ̫٣µҩ
һһֵ֮еǻûѣƴػĽ׽ǣȴսʮˣֵȫѪȾɽ
һͷɨһĹڣ޴ڣϣһѺ𽥵֮£ͼѺ֮ƵƵһزҽԼһ˰ʹĺ̡
ƵƵںûٵĺӣͼײʣ޼Ľ׽ٶеǹ˽Ĺڣ޷ӡ
СȥǿɳŲסˣ취ɣ
սУҽУϾƽʱڷŵ˵ޣĶܵûûҹĳɱĶʲô⣬ҲֵֻܼʬǵĽǰһ㶼ס
ʱҲӲԶ˹
ˣҲ֪۵˶ˣɽǱߵҲ֪ˡ
Ҵһʱ䣬ӦѾ˰ɡ
ҳŰ΢΢һЦȻϿνᵽɤۣҲ֪Ǳߵսˡ
ǴѾɽҲֻɹɽ¿ʼϳҪռߣȻϹǣɲһ׵飬ҲòΪսȥǵĽ־ֻһ

£Ƕһˡһֻһ껨˵ֻҪԼļֵ͹ˡ
̧ͷգ麣ͺƴݱȽ֣Ƿֹõģ麣ΪëꡢΪɽһĺֻ͵Ұޣǿʵ粻ֲ٣ڲסݱȵֽţסݱȣԱú麣䷢͹ơ
ȻҲֱȥϾԼΪһȺ׽ͷĿʱ˿̸õǱֹǾǺһס꣬ԱЩʬ޷ӽ
ʣ޼Ľ׽˿̴󲿷ֶھ޴ĹڣСѲڣϲӳѷ죬ȻнǹֹЩ̴ͻΧ
սѾе˰Ȼ׶ΣȻоת굤ΪǲǳõƴսѾûרע붷־
ʱԶͻȻֵһƽ⣬ȴǵע
ǽٶȷɿ죬ޣȻûõĹѾɵǰͻȻءһ⾫׼ޱȵش͸˾ݱȵĺģִӾݱǰܳ
ݱһһҽУûȷӦͼ˫ֽӡһ޳Ȼεض𣬾ͽݱȵס麣ͺҲץסٶȰεض𣬡ᡱһȿֺؾͳžݱ˹ȥ
ء
촫麣צѾݺݵ˾ݱȵ֮УȻݱȵĲҽջǻһŭ˻𡭡
ͼͻȻ͵һָ첲ŵðһС

ʱǱѪŵֱѾǰŵúϽ˳ȥǸ첲ᡱһ¾ʹǰ˹ȥ˦麣
ս麣Ȼڴ̴˾ݱĿУһʱ侹Ȼ˶㿪ȷӦʱҪ㿪ҲѾˡ
͡һݱȵֱ͵һ¾˦麣ĲϣȻͬһѷظֵƵģ˲ͽ麣ĲӡΡ

麣۵һҽУӴӿʱѪѴǻ˼׸ߣԴҲѾõɳ˼ʮԶšͨһڳΧʬȺС
麣
ȻҶ⼸ϾǶǻΪĶѣۿ麣ݱȿԴ˭ܲϧء
Ǹûȥϸ麣ݱѻΪһźӿ£ءһڵϣ̴֮˺ѷεŭ
˭˭͵Ϯң˭͵Ϯң
ң
ɳǧʬ淢
һ˸Ͻѭ˹ȥԼԼͼܲ͸ΧʬȺ棬ʱʱһȺʬҽŷɵУȻʲôͼӺ
ǵ˭أǸ塣
ȻʱһعǺȴͻشӿƮ䣬͵һ̧ͷգͼһԴԹӰӿи˵Ҳиֻ֮࡭
ͻġϲЩزʱһҵѽЩǣЩڤϹŶô
绰˵꣬Ҳ
԰˵ЩҲȥɽŶԣôᵽɽѵ˵ǹɽ֮սѾȡʤǵռߣǡ
û˵꣬ΧֵѾϲػȴҡҡͷڶֵ˵ʵ
֧ûеɽȥĿľ
⻰ֵǶסֽ˵ɽǸأҲ˵޷̤㣬û˵˲ԣүȷʵ㽫ȫɽֲòƹأǰзֳһ֧֧Ԯߣû뵽ó


1201 
˵꣬Ͻʣ֧˭أҲ֪ЩϹŶֻһ˵ĵǲ
ҵȻ֪Դǹģ
˵ֳ̧ǰһָͻȻʬֵһֳ֧ŵǹڵسɱ
ܵظйɵĶ飬ҲѾϵ
ϸһͼɢʬĹ棬ǵķмˣһϰˡ°ߣǴһˣϴһŴ󹭣Ǵ
һˣһ־˵λôţСʦǵƶ˸ʲôĹƻЩڴ˴Ļôڹɽǡ
︮Լ޵ڵȺ޻ǡ
ҳ΢΢һЦЦݲЩӲŤ
֮аʣڤ͵ظռһ룬˵һ˶ֻʣһСͰ޵Ķȥ˹ɽСͿǱͱޣΪʲôҪ;ֱһ︮ͳڻң
Ψһİ취
̾˿˵뵽ү
⻰Ĭˡ
ֽ˵¹ɽɽߵֹۣ˼޷ڡءɽ棬ƹضǾͱذɣֻܷ֮ǣơʵүϵɽϽµĴʬѾȫʧȥãҲûп֮˸һɱһ֮ǵһ۽һߣһ߶ں󷽵õͷֻǸӲֻзֱܻǣءɽ˫ֻҪǵУһҵɽͨڣлὫ˸Ͼɱ
ҪĴۣѵ㻹֪𣿡
ŭİ淢ŭˣ͵һ߬סҵ죬ֶݺݵ˵޵ЩȻսɲᱣֵ︮ǣֻԹԵƴɱǵֵܶѪ֮жսɽ𣿡
Ψһİ취Բ𡭡
鼤ҵѾʼ
ƿٶ˵ĿǰѾ;ݱµʬɱһš

һݱԭأǰδеļ
һݱȺУɫȻҲѷŭּ̧䣬߬ס˫һŭͳݱ
û뵽㻹ţҪɱ㣡Ҫɱ㣡
ʱѪŰݱȻѾ׵ķ񡭡
ۿһϹĳ˽սһһо󶼷·ֱ֮ǰ
ɨ˰һۣ˵мһֱ벻ף˵ݱЩһֱôģ
ġ
ش˵⼸սʱҲʹһ⣬ҵõ˴𰸡˵ڣÿһսħѪÿһֻ޵⣬ȹݱΪϹ֮ҲڤʵϵĵߣҲ˵ĵһƹλȥɡ
ԭĳޣ޷ġ
һпҲ˵ͷֽ˵ǰںҽʱңΪؽΪʲôҪЩѹࣿ
ôشģ
ҳ΢΢һЦ⻰ֳ˼ꡣ
ʵҲѹ֣վΪϹ֮ս뱳ս󣬶أȴԼսǿЦ
ĻشҲ΢΢һЦ
ֻǸͨͨ޵߶ѣ֮ȻҲҪ֮ԭûʲôԵаֻвֻͬҪҾߵ·ȷģȥڱǶǴأ֮ѡ֮·ţҲҪߵ۽Ρ
һ䣬һѾֻѩ׵Ӱӭݱȣʱľݱʹսһ𡭡
ֵܣҿûôС
翸ǹ˹ҺٺһЦ˵Ҳʲôģֵֻ֪ĶĶԴûϵھһ£ôӦҡ
磬˵
֪һսܻܲҪˣתʦүһ仰
ʲô
үģһӵѪ˵׹˾ˣ︮˵⳥ǮڻûأǮһҪҪΣѵ¿š
˵껰һнǹҲѾĹڣɱʬȺС
׽ڣȱѵʱɱ߽߳ʱ
绰һڣʱĹڣ֮ϴһӦͰŭźһ׽ȻĹڣͬһɱ
СɵƴˣٵɾͲˡ
һͷһͼ˫ķ׺ݹâ֧ڵǹһĨ׺ݵЦ
ȥһ
ءһһֱʬȺУžһֱײ֮󣬺ܿɱһѪ·˾ݱȡ
Сһ̣
һһ󼤵ͷûأͼһӰѾԴȥ
Դʱֻһ˫һڿն𣬶Ҳ׼һһȺֵܲסľݱȡ
ĳ𣬶ȴнĺޣⱲӶ̶̶ʮ꣬費ӵеһС


1202 δ֪ǿ
Ѫܵǹһ⣬ڿϳһѪɫβ͡ҵ߬ǹֱ£ݱһȺм޷
ۡ
ǹ˲ᴩݱȵǻһѪڿգݱȵβ󷭵
ݱȣô걳ųޣˣҸѡ

ǹ͡һӾݱȵؿгݱȵ忪ʼӾҵس鴤зһزҽĺ𽥱ô
İ֮£ͼݱȵɢֵɾΧܣ˿Ҵ⣬ֱݱȵڲҽȫɻɢǲһ
ҳһƽϽڲԶĴ˵үôˣ

ҪڣߵĴȴ͵͵ظʹ˸ɫһֱ죬ͷ
ƺЩԣһϽʣ˵ѽүĶǲѾȥɽˣСɵأɵĶ
С
ڰͲסٶȿڣȻֻгҵ֣ȴֶס
ͻȻһң͵һűһȺڤŭվŸѰǽλãǱ뾡ϵɽԮ
㵹˵ѽ
ֻң硢ͺҲѾϽΧŴλһ׷ʣȴ˵ֻԹԵָԼı
ʱȣ˲˵Ҳû˼ˣϽ廰˵֮ǸϵɽһоͶˣ죬Ǹ֪ǽλá
˵Żǰ·Ͻָȥ
ȻүİΣһǲòԴΪأҲҪһ뿪ʱȴںһץסҡ
һ㶣üͷ˵СңҲܸһߡ
Ϊʲô
̧һָ̹꣬ɨһԼ󡢽ʣʮ׽˵ǳһоͶˣסǵǱ¡
磬㡭
ֵܣǷȥɣｻҡ
صģٺһЦ̧Ҽһ˵ɽǱ߿ڼսǵֵǻǸϽȥӪأңΪϹŽ֮ǰұɱδһΣһҪһѩǰܡ
˵ŻתǺ̹꣬۾һŭ𡪡
ǣɱ֮ǰҳΪʬһΣӸ˵ʱˣ
ǣ
ŭ䣬һŮ˵ǸϽͷһͼʬŮɡӮ緢ز
ڽʬѾ׼ȷˣΪϹĴʬһҡ
ֵܡ
ߵǰʱֳ˹ٺһЦ˵мҵ鷳㣬һսڴˣֻҰˡ
˵
ǧѩ
ֻ˵֣Ѿˡ
ǧѩڸֵܣվమһҲܻŻȥһҾȾһ
硭ֵһ
ҵ˵ͷĿָգԸƶ顣
Ҳֵ֮һˣһжѵչͷֹ磬˭ܱ֤Լտȫأûˣ˭ܡ
̧ͷԶڤɽ¸ϣѾֶĽҪͷʱԵ󲻵á
ͺȼֵҲǶĺ棬ҳٳٲжƵƵ֡
磬Լء
ٺ٣İֵܣֻҪһţǾͱӳ
糯˸Ĵ磬ٺһЦȻЦݻûȽһǺȴͻȻԶƮ˹
ʵ֮УҰֵڤеĹмǺҲȻȴ֮еĻҪӵ¡
ҸϽѭǽķ˹ȥͼģһȺλɽнĹ
ǲֻǽ֣ؽҲʼŤ
⣬ô£
һʱ䣬˶ס޾֮УĹϹŶȴԽԽ࣬ܿزҽ޺Ѳڶ
ʱͻȻдءһ̧ͷһȻڿҷɵļֻϹŶѾըƬɢһըĹͶʼԱ
⵽ôˣ
ǶɵۣΪʲôЩ
ҶʱڲԶĺȴͻȻ䱸ڵأ͹˸˫ۿʼΧɨȻǲʲô쳣
ҸϽʣ磬ô£
ص
üͷ˵ĹϵıѾøʹ
˵ʲô
һʣֻŵ˵ԣɽԹ̫ŨȻɱ˵ĸй٣Ըо㿴Щ͹Ϊ֮壬Ǳ֮˸׸ܵȻܶ඼ѾܲסǿңԲŻǻɢ
ôһ˵ƺҲǿоѹֵؿ֮ȷʵͻȻһɼǿҵѹȸС
ѵǽ
һϽֻͷɨ꣬Ƿĺ磬Ӽغ뽫ǷųԹ֮ɲͬû˱ȰɽһУ̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣδܵǿҵ
˵ʱʼΪϹݺµĴ֧ֱһǵһο
˶֪֮ʱһ㤵عЦȴͻȻԶһСɽ洫˳
ŵ˲һϽǿûʲô֮Сɽ³˹ȥ
嵽ɽϣҸϽѭԴһһ˲ȫɵۡ
ɽ棬ͼһԲںĶڽϹȥƺһͷȻһͷôܻأ
ǹЦȴǴͷϴģʱ⡱һ麣
Сڸʲô
ͻȻһӿնǰҲоֵ۷˻һ麣Դɽ·ȥĿЦһ˦߽ȻûҹѵΥҵɣ
ٺٺ٣żѽ
Ƿȥͷ洫麣󣬹𽥱ûձͣǿЦҲȻֹ
ڰ֮У˵Ŀⶼ麣ĺϣʱ͵һתͷŵ˵һ麣ԭϣܲһ˸ë


1203 ë
ã
һУȻ⻰ŸһڣͷѾᡱһɽ֮·գۼĹ򣬾һӰǷ˹
㲻ұҧ㣡
ȵ麣ͷ­ѷɵǰſѪʱŷӦȻ³ͻȻټ麣ٶʵǿþˣѾԮ
麣ԵŮȴһӳ˹һ麣ſѪһһͳ絲˹ȥ
ʱֻꡱһŮɵεΪһĻɳס壬ȻԼȴѾ麣һڵס
ǣֻ˵Ӣ۾Ӣۻͷһ˵
麣дһЦҧסŮյȴδɿɽʱľ޴ײŮֱ˽Ļһ˵ϡ
߽㡭
ʧɫڲͣŮѪ麣ȴٶȿЦ
ȥүİ߽ҷӵӲҧˣ
˵Ż麣ͷ͵һŤһͷնֱŮɵͷ˰ա
Уͼ麣ѪԽԽŮɿȴ޷ӳܿͱ麣̽˺
麣ʳŮʱͼ麣յͷ­棬ͻȻһһŻɳͬɳγɵһ㣬ǿԴ˰֮С
麣Ȼɱ㣡
һŭ͵һܣǹ麣ȴ麣׾ٵ˹ȥ
ϡ
ۿŮҪ麣̵ŮɵȴͻȻŴ˳
һֱֻ֪ǧѩһֱ֪
˵ˣ;麣Ҳү
˫ͨ죬һδγſгȥҲûȻ֪麣ΪʲôͻȻǸϽΧϡ
˭֪һԴ麣ƶٶȴ֮ǰԵҪѸ˲٣óƶİһһ
㡭˵ꡭ
費ţһ㣡һ㣡
㡭˵ꡭһҪҪȳСѩҡףҸ
ࡱһûŮɵĻ£Ѿȫʧ麣麣洹ŻɳҲԽؼŨ
ڣٺҵȵˣٺ٣
麣ǣǿЦͻȻֱ֮˹
ֹǸһľ㡭
麣˵
ۿ麣û˿η壬߬ĳǹϳ壬ԼûӰȴѾ۵Ӯͺ䣬һ麣ӮϹ䣬һֱŮɳһƬκŮɵȴûⰮޣԹꡭ
ɻңң
ŭ䣬Ӯʪ˫ۣ麣麣ƴץӡ
ȻŮ֮麣ͷʼҲɳһɢۺϣĻɳܿͽӮС
ãӮ쳷
²ҸϽһŭһΪʱɳУ麣ٶȳͣ׼Ӯĺ͵ؾһڡ
ꡱһŴԴҧ飬Ӯͨһڵء
Ӯ麣Ҹƴˣ
Ϧദʬ˱麣ҧһŭһȭͳ麣Żδɢɻɳ˹ȥ
Ȼȴû뵽Ļɳ֮ڣһҲľۺϳΣ͵ҧ˺ȡ

һҽУǼ徹麣һھ˺һ
ãȥˣ
ֵһϽΧס麣ǻɳﴳûȴȥԶһѪɫĹâȴͻȻӻɳը˳ˡһ˶˳ȥ
⿴ȴǿ˲ûܶصƣ𺳵ǣ֮ǰݱʹõʽΪʲô麣ȴա
㵵Ĳңۿűɳͺڵ麣һһ˺壬ʱһʣ麣㵽ʲôҵΪʲôҵ㶼ܳš
ٺ٣㲢ҵϼʬħϼҸҪأ
麣ŰٺһЦڻɳİ֮£ԼԼؾͼͷҵسӸʼɺɫ𽥱ĽɫɳˮҲͬʱµλߣһ̵Ӳǡ
ȷʵԴҳʬħ֮󣬾ͶλãΪѪѾֲ£̥ǣҾԶ޷ⷳ˵ħ䣬ֻܲĵرǿʹ
ڻǰˡ
ŭЦ麣˵ΪʲôΪʲôܰƣ
ٺ٣ʵܼ򵥣ոΪʲôҪôƴذǶԸݱȣʳħѪ⣬ɸ߸ϵΪʬͬ࣬Ϊëֻ꣬Ҫͬʬ⣬ܵõԷӶݱȽʱҧһ⡭ô˵ԡ
麣˵һ룬ͻȻҡҡͷֽ˵ڵңҪ¾ݱȵɲһ׵飬׼ȷ˵ڴҵͷʱ⽫Լιҵٺ٣ݱȾǾݱȣ߾ܰ˼Ѫȷ磬ǲ򵥣ɾңֻгɾңٺ٣ֹǡ
麣˵ʱɫԽѿ
˵нëʵɱ߱𣬵˼δֹκһֻʵǿʲôزû֪ݱýëһһʹ
˵꣬麣΢΢ףͻȻ˫һ𣬰ɵӲǵѣոµ֫Ѿб¶˳
Ȼǿ׳˾̾壬Ѿ㲻˵ˣͼ±һëڸţڵأͬһֻŭʨȻǽɫëȴ¡
űһŻɳѪŵ麣ٸн
һֱΪС죬ΪʬƺûƵסǺõ˾ò˼飬һδվӸͨͨСʬֻصĵزֱ
ʲôмֱݱȾⲻڰ
麣Ȼ£µģȴǸոѱһǹľݱȣĿ¡
δߣȴһֵ̳ΪԼ
δߣȴһĴźͼ˼˷ɱ¾
ʱ̣ûз¸ľģǰΪǴһ޴谭
ëꡭ
һʱ䣬˶Щ˵ˣǿɼΧ麣ҲЦɨÿһˣѰһ׼ʳ


1204 
Χס
֮лعһŭֵǶûӭǱŵ麣Χȥܿ˷Χм䡣
߬ǹֵǵĽŲ麣Ц޵Уĳȣһŭ𡪡
麣ʱһǵ³ɺˣ
ҵŭ麣ЦۿֵǿҪ嵽ǰͻȻ֮ͼ麣һݣ˲͵һ˫ֻۣצ
ۿ麣ˣֵǸϽ˽Ųع۲麣һһϾǰֻδĽëʵ̫ˣ֮ͽʬأǺεȵʵ
ʱ麣Цһŭ𡪡
ǰЩˣúõˣ
һ˫ۣͳȥ
麣ѽ
㣡
ŭֵ麣ˣһ麣ҲѾˡʳ׼ͻȻֻڵ϶ݺһţ̾ͳ
Сģ
麣ҪҸӽ䱸˭û뵽麣ͻȻһٶûǷӦ͵һתܵɽµķһͨܡ
⡭
һ£ҶɵˣڡӴܵ麣Ȼ˵ˡ
ʲôࣿ˵ˣʲô
ǽë¼һ޶Ġߣô˵ܾˣ
ûȴҷӦأͼ麣һһŽ̴֮أЩŶɽ½紦ϵĶڤ˲䶼ڹǺУ÷ǡ
麣վס
һΣһӳ˹һ麣ҪܣѾӾͿʼ׷ҲϽ׷ȥʱͷһ¡ֻɽ¿񱼵麣УȴͻȻһعЦ
ˣӿɻеҪأĶпմǰȺ鳾ɣٺ٣ʱȥѰˡ
⻰ֱ֣⻹麣磬ȻһɴӢ۵
׷麣ʱͻȻɲסǺֵܣ麣СҲˣҵȻȥסǲС
˵ŻͷɨһۣĹϱ̳Ƶѷˣ˭֪ʱʱײùһµĹ֮Уǻ᲻ʱƹض
磬ͽˣģҰһ

麣ǰǾǸܣںҲѾһͨ׷
֪ҵ鶼þ޷ƽ˭뵽麣ӶѾΪ˾˫ĽëˣȻβܵ͡
ٶʵ̫ˣֱײس嵽ɽŽĴʱѾ˦˼Զ
ȿֺ׷ɽһܵظ˵ڵأλҲصֳָ
һܵ˫ǰҸϽ˵麣أ
ֻëꣿ
üͷ̾˿˵ѾˣǶʵ̫ˣʱһӾͳǵĶ飬ûǷӽ֮ˡ
⻰ҵ˵ͷϽʣߵôˣ
ش˵һѾ˳磬Ӧڹɽˣд󲿷ûüȥ
ãǾ鷳λָӣǿҪһˡ
˵꣬λ˵ͷҲϽߴһõɽǱȥˡ
̤֮ǰֻͷɨɽںģѾʲôˣ֪Щ׽ôˡ
Ȼ᲻ԼֵܣȻվиҪȥȻҲɲǵ飬ǴҸϽǿڵ潹ʯϡĽ֮УʱֻߴˡһǵǰѾһƬڡ
һоͬʱĳһǰ߻ָʱѾˣӶ洫ĳɱѾ뿪ʱøӼҽˡ
죬ȳȥ
˵ŻҸϽŶߵڷ壬ûǳ嵽أһضڤȴͷϷ˹ȥ򶴿ڼս
ǿ쵽ﶴڴʱӶǰɱҽǳĻ̵̻ˣϸһһȺڤɳѿʼɽħʬɱ֮⣬ʣһСֹڼĴ֮£ЭŮڶڣԱֵסһȺħ޵ĳײ
Ů
ҸϽһȥʣľĶ
ճڣһЦѾұ

ҸϽͷһͼ΢΢ЦĽľѾұûҸæŵ˵үӣ¿ɴ²ˣ麣麣ɹ˽ëꡭ
һ˵ĻţȻľ˵ȴ䶼ûиıֺȻ΢΢Ц˵Ѿ֪ˣ麣Ǻ˻øβ겻أ
үӣܵ취
˵ʱҲڽľǰҴҵϥ򵹣Ҳ˵麣ë꣬ͬСɣһҪ취ֹ
ҡѾֹˡ
ľҡҡͷ̾˿˵Ϊ߽ݣܹס麣û뵽ݱħͷվħһɡ
ἰݱȣϽ㱨˵˼ңݱħͷڱݣǵʤǲܸ˼ɣ
Ҳ
ľҡҡͷ˵ΪʱڳݱȣΨһ;˽ƹضٶȣȴˣݱѾ̵һУͷɾ麣⺬񣬿
ھһ취û𣿡
Խ˵ԽսǲҾ徵ҽĶŲ
ûˣѶΣֻܿԼˡ
˵ľȴһ£΢΢Ц˵ǽëȻ֪ĳ־һǶǲأ
⻰ʲô˼
Ǻǣûʲô˼һ춨ʱҲֻһһˣ˵һ޼ƿʩϹĹʽҲˡ
ҵ鶼һأüͷʣǡڸô죿
ⳡսǣվ˫޹أҲκһͳ˧ߣֺαأ
˵ľصسɨһֽۣ˵ӣͳ˧ߣʱѵ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ûˣҾ
ֵ︮
һŭ𣬰硢ԼϽӦһ


1205 
ҸϽ˵߱أ´󲿶ӻɽ޷ɽϵΨһݵ㣬Ҳչݹɽͻƿڣܶ˸ϷصȴɽԮǼҲҸҳȥɱʹ죿
һһڣֵܶЦ
ʱĭFֶ˹һ˵أֵֻ︮Ǹ㣬ô죿
һҪ㡭
˵ŻҰĭקһȥѾ֪ԼҲûҴŲţնط˵СΣѾ֪Լô֪֪ôԼȡķ
һһڣĭ̵˵ͷеıҲٶ¶˳
֮ǰСһֱҸָɽϵĹֻԹһǬԼ壬ҡûԹ
˵ʱĭԼɨһۣԾ
ңҲ̫֪ôŪ
ЦЦ˵ģʵϸˣ˵⡮ħر⡯ȷʵЩ⣬ʹķ͸ʹǬҲ˶٣ҪԼڵĸַæסߣԸԸ⣿
УҵȻԸ⣡
ĭᶨصͷȻָˡ
ǡܲܰѡʹҵķһҡ
Ȼˣʵķɼˡ
ѽָоôôΣһǸĻƻŮأȻȻͱˡ
ιСΡ롭úš
սһ뵽ֵ︮Ǵʱ˿ɽԡѪսҿɲҵǸϽ֮ǰʹڸҵĽӡھ򵥸ĭ˵һ飬һЩעĵطԼʹòرʹǬĲ֮ͬ
ĭϾ͵ĵӣټԼһǲֻ˵һ飬Ѿ̫ܹʩչˣֻٳվ飬ͼĭػζ˼£Ȼȡʱ˲СĸҲһ¾ȡ̫Ķ»Ϊܲ˶ε
ҽԼȶϰΣҲû飬ֳ嵽֮һĺ󱳷߾еĳǹһŭ𣺡ֵǣɽµͬźǽͷأģ汾ɱһѪ·
˵˫һУһӭűħֶµĶھײ˹ȥ
˭ңѰ·
һ֣гǹһŰ׹Ƕģʱյûȣ͵ذǰһƣءһƾ֮ž˱ħĶڡ
ʱһҵرըֱ߶ʼͬ㶶ڶڵһȺħ޸ǱըѪɡдܳĽľ֮Ҳʼ裬ȻûɱȥħѾֿʼسŶڶ˹
СðҲж
ҸҪ̧ƣСӰѾᡱһ´Դ˹ȥɱȺлצһֱײҲһ˫ۣѾʼΧԼ˫۷ٵתĸŴƶġ˫
ѾΪؽİʵ˵һأһɱȺ֮УɱΧħһͨҽ
аͺǰ濪·Ҳ˲٣æߴȥæʱִһŭ𡪡
ͷǳĶаﻹûиǶүˣѽѽѽѽ
ŤͷһɨǰֵҲѾ۳˹ܿͳ嵽ƨɺ桭
ΪҲҪǰæأ˭ֵ֪ͻȻԼͬɲס˲վֱӾͿʼԼӡ
ͣͣСˣͣͣӼͣ
ֵܵźúֱ֣˵ֻϹ޿ġ˼ܻܲ뿪أǾȻԸæȻں浱
ֵΪǼʱͼһֻһֱԼǰǴëҲԱʱʱشߴ١
ѽ
˵Ǹʲôأ
ʱͻȻͼǵ¶˾ϲıֻźëһȻץ۹Ȫˮƿ
ɨһۣƿװɫķĩ͸ϴҺɹĽᾧƵģûҿʲôأѾһƿ˰ɨһԼĴ˵ɣƿˮ۸ɲٵˣ
ֵܣүȸΪ
˵껰ֻӼƿӣһھͰƿӸǸҧˣƿӹ˹˾࡭
һԼĴ綼ˣҲûšƿӸҲһˣܿ죬ƿɫķĩȫ˶
ȵֵܰѿƿڵʱˣ͸ȶƵģҲʼԾز鴤
ιˣʲôأ
ҸϽһ䣬ɻ˵꣬ͼһŵֳ̧һָһŭ𣺡ңǸǶǶŲţ
û䣬ͻȻǰһݣʱꡱһѩ׵ƤëӶλ˺ѣһźͬͺһ㣬Хžͳ˹
һײײΧ֮ħҷɣʱһһסθѾӺ֮һԾּ̧ħеѸֵȺ֮оһա
ٿҲѴɽƤ˳ûΪһ׼׵սʿʼȺ֮зɱ
ֵôͻȻôͣ⻹ҵһμһʱ䲻ֻңͺ綼ѾֵܵƸסˡ
ʱһ̾ҡҡͷ˵⣬ˡ
ʲôӸղŵ׳Եʲô
һûأͼԽɱԽ¡ȴʹֵͻȻһ˻ʱꡱһ£ȻµĻͻȻը˿
̾˿˵ΰ磬ʱǵĺȣҵ˷ܼҲ;·ħƻıƷʱӷ˷һûƿΰ磬ȫ֪ȫܣ˵Ҳ˷ܣשͷҩɷĩװƿˣ˵ǹؼʱ򵱡жá
Ľֵͣϱɳȥףɵˣ˵Ƕ湻ƴģһӳһƿӣǵöƬҩôѽܵ𡭡
˼Ҹô࣬ۡɱǽһʹ죬һɱһߺ
ѽѽȣҺѽȡ
ҩˣҲܲôˣǸ⡰ĴͽǰɱʱͻȻһŭ𡪡
쿴ǰиСǶ
Źס


1206 ɽŵľս
۾ˣƵľͿʼǰ壬ճȥûԶ͡žַ˻
ò˵涯ȷʵѴܵĺ֣ôɾͰǴɳȥԷʵ֪
뵽ҳҸϽոֵ˹ȥķһ˲侪סŭŴӵĸվġ
С㡭
С㣡
һҵһУϽһǹǰˣʱСҲѾתɨһۣʱ¶һ˿Ц
Сѵôɱ㣿
û䣬С͵һͳҴ˹̧־Ҫеǹ
С㣬˵ؾ㵣ϾڱʲôӣȴԶǸ񾲰ЦСŮ
ֻһµĹСѾ͵һ߬סеĳǹûҷӦֻǹһ߬еǹ̡ءһըɢһơ
ȻҶСٰ㰮ȻǲֵģʽһкݹһУһĹͰұ˳ʮԶϴһûףͱˡ
Χĺ硢ˣȻҲǲĶСº֣ɴֶħסûҵæֻһĺңҸϽ֣Ͻ֣
ֵǽŭУȻһȭͳС˹ȥ
ʽʽ˵СѾΪϹսȣҲǺǵģŭһͻһĹ򣬾СҲŵ˼
ɾʱȺ֮ȴͻȻܳһСӰɨȥͼֿʼ͵͵ӡûҷӦأ;ŵͻȻͷһȻԼӰԼ
Ҳ֪С㡭
ã
ҰһʱԼӰȴѾҵ˫ȲסˣѾΪȵС͵һƾ˹һƣ˸ءһҵؿϣʱҵĻؼ׶ըƬҷ
ұáͨһڵϣûվŮС㡱ѾһǰһҼл˹˵ؿˣϽͼԼӰȴ̫һʱ˵ˣӰӶ
ʱСͻȻڡ
ħɽս¸漱ɽԮ
һ⻰С⡱һս¸漱ѵ˵︮ѾѹЩɽħ
һϲʱСһߣɨһԼĸףȴǱݡ
ղ˵˾峤սȣһʹ֮˵Ҳ䣿
һС⻰СϽ˵ǣС˵˻뽫ɽԮȡ
С㻰һתСҲһЦ˵ûãһ֧Ȼһɢ¶ʰˣǣǺðɣͽˡ
СϽ˵ͷֹ˵ģ¾Ⱥҵġ
⻰С˵ͷɨһ֮һתȺ֮Уܿʧټ
СŸһ뿪СЦֳңҸæּȴȻѲԼӰӣֻ֮ڵ˫˵ģҽӽӸơ
ȻС㻹ӽˣһ߳ңһ͵͵ӡʱҵӰӾͻȻʧ
֮ҸϽĵضӭųС˹ȥۿԽԽҪʱ˭뵽С㾹ͻȻգһƤҵʱס
ֻ⹦СѾһܹܶȥʱһΣҵʲô
һ㶣˵ô£
ʱͷһСȴѾܽȺ֮ҲʧˣʧĵطǸոħɽķ򡭡
⵽ô£Сɽľ֮ģ֮ǰסˣǿոǱ飬ĶǱ˿סʬѽ
ҸϽ̧һոСģȻһĴСޣ޵ĶϣѪдһֵķ
⵽ʲô˼ֵʲô
Ѿݲϸ룬ϽڲԶսĺ硢һ£ֵǣɱɽȥүΣգ
һֵɱøˣҲû嵽ڵλãıϡ
Ҹշ˫ҵ棬ءһҵأʯ׷ըΧħɵȴ
һչһɳ죬Χֻͬɵħһ׷
ۿ죬˭ܿù磿
ͼ˫ķŹ֧Ȼ𣬼צץֻħͷѾˤڵϵҹˡ
Сȹȥ͵
ҸϽ˵ͷϾȺֵֵֻܶҪǲֿҲʲô⡭
뵽ҸϽߴҲûиħסɽŵķͷ˹ȥ
߿գ˲٣ҳɽŵķȥͼһȺȺͷӿɽּ䡢ƽϣսҷ׷ףҲ
ԶԶһͼһֻֻι״ħƼɽŴĿצʱʱ棬ЩսеȺ͹֮ǰѾʶһεֻʱ˿ҲͬһƬ޴ƲɽŴлƣĴһȺȺʬ̴ë桰žصս֮оͿʼצسɱ
ȻˣЩ֮⣬һܼսֱҲڵҹĻɽţɱҽҰ޵֮⣬ǹըǲڶ
֪ЩԴڸ֧Ԯһ㣬ҪлѾխZˡ


1207 Ǿ
ֻңȻЩҲխZһ̾
Сһֱϵؾ߲㣬͹ٷѾЩͻȻֵħĲᣬˣǲȡ˼ЭǡԼѾˡ
һԲխZͷһ
ȻЩƽʱĸ߶ⳡȫûпѧݵսмӲ˶İ
һܼսûڹɽзϼȦѾɹħݻ٣õģĵܰһЩСĽʬħըڵϴ򼸸ǶֶϽŵģõģӵûһţѾӸ߿׹ˡ
ȷʵΪǵ˲ٿевǲĥĹס
ȻˣԮҲǽ˶ѣһһֱܼҲʼһԶװսʿһ˵أֳǹеʼԼĵչһ͵
ӵԸħʬսǵǵ749507عóģǻÿĵӵԿħͽʬЧԡ
ЩվһĽʬЩ׹ڹɽĽʬκεķģļ̶̳ȶҪһĽʬǿ˵֫ӲҹٶȾˡ
ǿҪɵɽʱͼһֻʬŸֱһֱС˹ȥ
ֲӵʵսǿٸߣҲûֻŵøϽˢˢسǽʬ
һžɨǽʬˣȻԼӵȴֻһСĴ͸ıƤУ׼͸ǽʬĿڵģȴֻһš
ǿӵӽʬǰĿڹᴩ֡ءһӺĴ˳ϧĿдģȴֻһСɳһɢˣû̫ãǽʬһΣֵܿƽ⣬ɿҴܴһȺֱǹ¶ȥֱ
һҽֱʻԱһʬһҧ˲ӣӻڴܳĽʬֿʼ֧Сչ˺ҧʱ򣬸ĽʬѾû˹ȥ
ҴߴɵЩ˵ͷϿգûʼ£ѾȴϴȥصͬһʱӺһѾ߬סǽʬͷ͵һŵ˵ϡ
ι֪֪ǵҪʲô
ҳȺŲѵؾһŭ˵ʱ΢΢һ֣һѾڵֻʬĿڴը˿̳һ紵ɢǽʬѾײˡ
ҳûϽֽ⼸ֻʬҲһ˵ΧЩ¡ȴȫ¶šŵɫ԰׵ľǶ𾪵
ʱ򣬴ͷһѾ˹ׯصسҾ˸ֱغ˵׳˵ǵҪǸɵЩĹȷϰյİΣ
ȥ׳ɣ
÷°ۣ˵ǵ׳֪֪ԸʲôɵûǸɵֻǾȫûˡ
˵ʱͻȻһӱͷһֻȵİ쵾һȺʬ˹
̧һƾһ޵ԴѾը˸ϡãΧһȺʬĲ֫ϱҲʼҷˡ
Ǿٿ۶ֱˣŵû˵ˡ
ҸϽʣǵĲĶеĶԱĶĶȥ̫Σˡ
һ˵꣬ȴԱҡҡͷ˵Сǹƻزȥˡ
ΪʲôҸϽʣΪʲôزȥѵ񣬲׳ǹǣⱾҲܲμӵ˵ս
ˣⲢƲ죬ֽ˵֪ΪʲôǷսǰʱ䣬κεĶ𣿸ɲɵӣȻͨΪվɱԵǶħвģ֮սǰñƵ507ռڸؾλõϣ֮սܾ׼ɳħؾӪƻǲħɱ˶ҵԣԱв䲻дģ
˵ŵ麹ľ°ͣ˵խZϵЩΪλñȽϱܡ߼ʱתƵ˰ȫĵطҪôǶԸûвԣģЩΪǶٳͱڸص߸ˣսɲֻڹɽа
˼ǵĻؿҲڱ
ǵģ︮ĸͬ־
ǾٳҼص˵ͷ˵ǴӻطɳһˣֵֻĶϮֵƴֿء׼ɳĵӣûȴͱݻˡ
⻰Щ㵣ϽʣȻΪʲôϹΪʲô취סأ
ΪиҪ񣬾Ҫһ֮
ǾͻȻݺһظ˵ǾˣͨͨˣȷʵСǾ̤ǵļ԰ɱǵ񣡼Щ޷սʤĹҲη壬Ǿˣ˵ıԣ
һССͨ˾˵ֻһʱ䲻Щݣϸһ룬֮սȻ˲ħްΪģҲЩƽƽӹӹϰСͨ
ɾЩηͨˣƾԼ֮ıˡ
ҲһЦҲҹˣ˵֮ǰҲҲֻǸͨˣ
ͨˣȴħģڸ︮ĸһУеЦ
뵽ҸϽǾòԵص˵ͷ˿С


1208 ŵķ
ǵҪǵøĸˡ
ɨɨȺŵľˣܶ඼£ܲܿȥ
ЦЦϽ˵γ˻֧Ԯ⣬ǻṩ˺ܶҽ֧ԮסǵҪƴǾȷЩҽԱʵİȫԼǷɢԷע͹ˡ
͹𣿡
ˡ
ǣǷ
Ǿ͵һ˵껰ǹǰ壬ǰʿֵĹ˼ǹһס
սͻȻ˴ţȷʵͦģǹõʱ˹ǾҲûսתȾܣǹں׷
ɸ׷ûãļʿͳûܵǹϣµĹͰѹĿڸһ
һǹﵹ£ٸϽֳҼ˵٣ǲ
ԣ̫ˣ
Ҹ˵Ĵ磬ֻûȷأӵͻȻܳһֻѾǸȥ
еˡ
֮Ǿȷȫǰ£ֻҪɢħע͹ˣסû
סˣ
Χľ˶ׯصͷҸϽɱսȺ֮УӶǹԮߵֵ
ɱûãͼǰ治ԶͻȻһ󺰽
éɽǲӺڣ
ͬʱ⡱һΪѾүҿϤˡ
үţ
ľϲϽӭķɱ˹ȥ
ǰɱȥûԶͻȻͼһɫ۵ӰȺ֮дܳսȺǰһͳ塣
ƺûиΧħսĴ㣬һֱͬһȥϸһЩгףϵ߰ʮӻ׵ͷµδѵʮˣӦоУĳȻɫ۴·ͿʽӦéɽĵۡ
ɽ۸вͬص㣬ҵǲϴ
ҸϽûҲ˹ȥܿʹҵս֣ǰһȽϿտĿյǰ
յΧͼһȺֵ︮һȺ԰޵޵ֵסɽħϮΧһƽĿյȺսгéɽʿʱ˿յϾۼ
ҺȻ𣬶԰ⲻ֮ǰүصѵéɽǲ
ɽһֱΪħҪߣΪξսүصɽСɽéɽڵ֮ѡ֮ʿǲӣԱٽҪͷΨһãеһ֧Աȫéɽɵɡ
ʱҳŶǰһиϷʩ߻︮߻ңϵľȻү
ֻүϲһȦȦı鿴ʮֵʹ࣬Ȼǽüͷɤڵطʩš
ү
ҸϽһ˽ȥүһңҲϲЦ
Сӣ˵Ǹ㶨˾ݱȣģ
ʲôѽ
һүľԼƭûȵɽͯӾͱץߵ¡
үȻҲҵھΣЦЦ˵ھΣǵѾ˵ˣۻͷģҿɻҪأ
˵ŻүϽҡγ֧Ѿƽжӵéɽ飬ٶʩéɽǲȫ䣡

үһ䣬éɽٵӦһû䣬ͻȻһǺѴӵ𣬽һһͻȻðһֻֻѴзɳһӵ˫ȾзɣһĹ򣬾Ͱéɽȫ˸߿ա
޶Ӻڣ
ʱһӰغظɱ³
ظ˻һڣΧս֮УһסĹѾſյؾۼ˹
ÿһϵĹжһӣ󻹸ԸֻСֻСи߸һյͨľ̿ӵı̾ŷڴĻ̿š
鼯ʱظ̧ͷУͼյϣ˳Ľʬɹȥһéɽӣת˲֮䣬ٵѾñʬУ˰֮С
ۿ鼯ϣظ˵һŭ𡪡
ȫע⣬ڻéɽСֱȡ
ǣ
Ƿ׷ŭͷĹߺںţںһ𣬡ৡһѾͬһʱػӶбպӣӭſо˦˹ȥ
ʱһžըûþͼһֻֻЩéɽӵĽʬƤҽشӿе
֮⣬ֻʮ˲ؽҲûҹǷͶĸֲ棬ƬʯͷҷɣһȺС̧͹սưҨ̵á
ǹڵˣ֪ʲô̵һãܿ͸ƵģһҽУЩȱ۵С١
ǵڻéɽǺܿͽӽξ޴Ŵͷһ£ˢˢ׻һܿһž޴ĵͰС
ЩͨŮ洼ƻħ˵ȷʵûʲôЧȻҵصȴԣһֽУȶԽԽĳҲ֧Ųסŵ
ɽӺڣ
ʱүһŭսȺ̡һȺɽʿּ̧׷ڿնһŽһžͳˤԴ˹ȥ
ûֱͷըǽϵͷܣܿͰԴסʱֻүһŭ𡪡
ƣ
һڣɽŭֻ䡱һɽͬʱͷը˿һʱֻһֽУû£˶ɽͷһԴѾը÷ˡ


1209 յ
ۿͷͳ򶼱ڵըҲܱƽ⣬ŵ׹
·սеֵһ޴Ӱֱ׹£Ͻ˱ܣûþءһ촫Ž´һضɽҡѾݺݵ˵ϡ
˵вսеֵܵ󲿷ֵվǰͳ뵽˰ȫλãЩӭսĹɽħǸû˼ô࣬ʱûע⵽󲿷ħͱʵʵ£ҵ÷ǡ
Ȼ׹ٽʬë±˦˳⼸ֻŶѾ׼һ׹أӦүһȥɰΧʼЩëˤĹɽʬնɱڼֻ׵壬һʬ˲ͱȼȫ𽥱ճһ̯ҽ
˾Ȼʱȼü֮ҲʲôʤԶɽϴгɳħڲسǷ˹ԶսָӵģС㣬Ӧýħȡ
ΪϹսȷʵ˵ȻòСССӣһֱɱתۼĹвֵѾɱ
Լ˵֮⣬ȻսϵЩħޣҲȫİţͼսеħʱʱtݹȫ֣Щ˵ľٶű仯͹ҪүͼʱԮĴλϹ򣬼ʱħļͱǱĪϹ󷨰Χסȫˡ
ҵȻҲף´ӾСƱسΪɽĹǣνҲĵȼסħĳƻȻСΧħ裬һȺħ޻м䣬ҪɱȥȻףɱ˹ȥҵʵҪסСҲһּѵ飬뵽Щ֪롣
ҽǲ֪ôźõʱСȴͻȻִұ
С
һͷһ˵ĹȻС㡣
ʱ˿̣СҲսбסֽţֵֻĵ︮Ҳ˵ɻɽħվһ𡭡
ҶԼ޶ԣСϽһ㻹ɵŸʲô
˵ŻسҵۣǱĶǱס˰
ҰһᣬҲôˣϽһɱһ߳˹ȥŸոսӽС㣬СͻȻҼ˹ּ̧͵һצӾץҡ
ҸϽɲסҪмܣ˭֪嵽ʱСʽȴͻȻĪһ¡
һѾ߬ס󣬼ͬһʱ䣬СǰһܣȻʹյҵĸǰúСٵ˵񣬿ȥŮ
ʲô
һ㶣Сֵһ˵㣬Ů
һ˵Сһ˼У͸˶ĿƵģֱʱҲѾܹȫȷȷʵûбס
ǿ¶ľϲСͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵Ϊô׾ͻᱻסˣʱǽһֱ˽ʮҵĻҲһע֮УҺЩĹɽħɲһǲ޻ǵʬѡ
⻰ҲɵһϽʣԭС㰢̣Ȼɽ·ϣΪʲô㻹ͻȻ
һ뵽ʱϮͯӵ£һȣԾЩΡ
Сһ߼ҷ𹥻һЦ˵СɱңѾʧȥһУʧȥԼŮˣҸûлɽӴС㣬ҲлɽڵȱʣȥС졭
һС٣ҲٵˣϽתͳħڵķ˹ȥСָļ׹̽ڽ
νɽ׹Ҳͬǹû֮ս˵׹̵ĸطֲҲɱʧأС㻹ƴȫǧҽָȨȫ︮ǧ׹̵ĶԹԴɢˡ
һԻݣܿɱ˾ħԶĵطּɨħ̾˶Էע
ħһͬ׺ݣһЦ
СӻѲո㲻ҿ㻹ܡ
û䣬ħͳ˹ǰ·ֵܻ︮Լµħޣ֮ɱ񡢷ɱ𣬼Ѿܵҵǰ
ۿħɱ磬ҾȻҲߣ߬ǹҪӭսħ˫һΣ˫ƼҲѾȼһ׵һһȻ֮ǰëСűʦԵʣѶɽӦ硭
ħһ֣׵һʱ仯ͳ˹˫֮أħ޻ֵ︮ǣʱ䶼ͻסȫҽûþѾҽŵضˡ
һӦϽ󱳣תɽСڵλܣһĶӣħǷЦƴӶŵ˫۾һ·ֱ׷
ħһֱ׷ʹ;޲һҽüβҺץţҲǰһͨܣۿС͵͵ǰȺ֮Уһ
һͷɨȥħ汻ǸҸæֳСȥһôźãǱһɨСüͷһŭ𣺡վű𶯣
𶯣Ļǵ


1210 
һ㶣ϽʾɲסϾҲֻİˣֻͷһɨ׷ħѾߣͻȻͣɲȻһ𣬻צֱֱͳҵĺץ˹
ۿǷצӾҪץҵıʱһСӰѾ˲ǰսȺд˳ָһΣ͵һ¾ͳѾ˵ϵħüĵ˹ȥС㡣
Ϊ׹̽СĽҲ˵ģټͻȻϮһʱҲħһϽһ㣬ˡ
˭֪ûɹŵأյȴͻȻز£һϸһӰѾ˳ȥʱ˿Ѿ˫ס
СõʽȻĶֱϾϹսȻܽԷסá
ͼħͻȻһŭ͵һ˫ۣһʱԼ˫ϵӰҲ̱죬ȻСץסһɲǵĹħָɨȥžһ͵ħüϡ
Ůʱؼˣ
ͻȻСһЦָһȥֻһ죬һźڹħüըħһҽ˳ȥ
ȻϬһʼջûܶħɶĴһΰȻأݺݵϵС㵱һЦ
ԭŮ˲ûбסǣǲ򵥡
⻰С㲻ŭЦ۰ضԼŮ˵ӣôԼأڿƲסԼ費㣬;
˵ŻϵСͻȻ֣šžž죬ΧսȺͻȻʮ׹̺۵ŮģӦöʮͣһ¶棬̴˷ͰħΧм䡭
ʼʱħزмۿʮ˳Լֻһߣֿ˵Ϊ˶εסңɱǣ
Ȼ⻰ŸһڣͼΧԼһʮ׹̽Ѿվһţӡ
һֻһʮ˱ĵ֮£ʮ˸ľ˰ѾͻȻεضһħɻһЦЦȴСˡ
ŮΪҼװסڹɽʲôû͵͵ú˴󣬾͵Ͷˡ
С˵ʱҲһȻ˹
ʱһΣֽСʮڤ󡱣׹ش
׹ʮ棬ظˡ׹Ĵʬ޿κΣǧ굤εͻСƸҲ֮ġ
Щ׹̽õ󷨣ȻȵʱĴҪС˲٣־ģڰڳ󷨵ķӣ͵ǴһޣҾԲǴ
ȻħҲ֪鲻һʱоȻ׹̵Ĵ֮УŵøϽײͼӳ죬Ȼγײȴûܴӳһŭ
С΢΢һЦۿԼıŮײһͨ˵ŮͱˣʮҾϸѡ״ӣ֮Դһ󷨣רΪס㣬أ
С㣡ң㲻ңҰǣ
ħȻСѾͷɨһ֮ͻȻһĶҵ͵͵һգۣЦЦ˵Сⶫúñܣܾ֮Сһ
˵ʲô
С⻰һ£ȻûС΢Цҡҡͷ˵ӣ֮ŮȻһУһҪС㣬ǰ̴ΨһԸСͰˡ
Ҫ
ٶȾʣȻ˵꣬ͼСѾǱеŮ˫
лǣѲ˽ľ֮ʱ䱣ʵһֱţٲϿ˶ңò˶ãҲΪ߹˰ɡ
²ԣҸϽһ벻뵽ȫķģɱ𡭡̣
û˵أͼСͻȻ͵һ˫ۣʱ䣬ںڹֱͬοɼһߣһߣվۼؿڴֻءһһҷɵѪ⣬ĿĽľ֮ҲѾӱըĿ
СС㰢̡Ǻαء
ҾõһȴֹһжѾˡ
ǿϧϧ󡭡ټһ桭ҡҺ
Сϣ֮ҡڣͬҡҷҶһ㣬ŵԵȥ
Ȼ仺ϽסССƽ˵ϣѽ˫۲˵ȻһůůЦݡ
߲ڶɱҽУͻȻ΢ʣ̧ͷǰһʮڤʮ׹̽ڣ붼Ѿ
ʮ׹̽ػȴ˿иһͷ߿һֻۣܼר־ؽӡ䣬Ա㽫ħ޷
̣Ǻοأ㣬ôС㽻ѽ
Ҳ̲סû˵꣬ͻȻͼһĹŴС±λáᡱһ·˳գۼĹ򣬾ҵ
֮Ű̧һŵǸĶȻһֻƴ̩ܲޡ
˵ǲޣֻкܴͬѪдģؿϻһ׹̷䣬СڴܳĽŸ޾Ϳʼ΢΢


1211 С֮ս
⣬ǡ
С˾Ļǡ
һͻȻӲԶ͵һϽͷȥŮ
֮ǰŮһֱػ֪ʲôʱҲɽһ¶棬ΧһȺʬ̶ȥŮϹʹȻʱ˿ֻ޻ǵġŮ洼ƻʵƷҪԸЩצĽʬҲѴ֮
Ůޱߵǰɨһۣʳĵһ⾹ȻǣС㰢±ƣԲģŮҲʵƷֻ᲻ᡭ
ʻŮ΢΢һЦģûʱڱ˲ٷ壬ұʵ鸴δԭҵģҪҵȻҲǼ׵飬ĻͰҸΪԼЧ𣿡
⻰㰲ģûɨһС㣬ѰȻ˯ȥ
ŮһۣΧһȺĽʬ̱ը󷭷һȺ׹̽Ҳûɱҡ
Ůɨһһͬ˯ȥС㣬ٶȿڣʵ±ƣֻСԼĴҪԭ򡭡
Ҫԭ򣿡
һ㶣ϽʣôҪԭʲô
꣬Ůתͷ˱ʮڤڵħ
Ĭһ֮˵ԡŮ洼ƻ͵͵ģ麣麣Ҹ֮Ҽĵһ˾С㣬ѯңûʲôܽԼŮħ
Ҳ֪⣬ôûУ
꣬ŮĬĬס
ֱ飬һ󼤶ûأŮ˵ħϹž˼ȣ֪ģû˱Ҹ˽ҪѾۺϳε룬ף˵Ҫ꣬ȷʵһ취
ꣿǡ
Сꡣ
Ů˵ħΪһ壬ħ֮УΪһĸСΪ崿ѪˣҵתȻȻͳΪħеꡣħѾͣҪĳһǼǲܵˣ䲻ܳǣȴϹĹŷµǣ׹Ѫͳꡢ滻Ϊһ׹Ѫͳ꣬ԭһ
˼ǡ
Ů˵ѻȻ򣬸Ͻֶǲ޿һۣСġ
Ȼ˼ΨһľֱϵѪˣֻʣĸŮҪԼŮֻԼȥħڵĿλŲϧɱǰ׼ֻޣԱûֱӸС
ǿҵİʲôŮ飬ĸְ̫ΰˣΰ󣬲Ÿױ˺ӡ
Ů΢΢һЦ̧һָǲޣֽ˵СѡΪŮԼǾ;ʧȥֻ÷¾ȻС㣬ɹɣҪæðһգСԸԸң
ɨһŮɨһۻеС㣬ᶨص˵ͷ
ֻҪлȳС㣬һɵĻҲԸðա
ܺãͿʼ
ŮҲûΧһȺ׹̽ڱڱħ޴ţ͵һ˫ۣһ⣬ѾѪȾĵ̴͵̳һģѾˣڵϱ¡
СΪħ꣬Ҫɹһһǿ֮ˣǱħ֮ǣħǣҺûǡǺðյģһֲֹСװҲᱻħҲ޷뿪ǧСġ
İɣ׼ˣ
ּᶨسŮͷŮ΢΢һЦ̿ʼӡ䣬λζƶ˫ŽżΪԲģڵϻһι״
һɣŮͻȻϥأ˫͵һģžһһŽʱҽţס
סҷźǰǲ޾ܵ˿ˣȻСػɢҲʧˡУһҪŻ
û䣬Ůֿʼ䣬һʱڶƬ֮ҶͻȻˡһԼѾȫоһŽİ£ֱֱͳʮڤŭħ˹ȥʱӰһΣǰѾһƬڡ

ȶ̵ģȾҡȾҡ
ڰ֮УСĿͻȻԶһʹϽѭһС
С£ȶ̵أȶ̵ˣ
ৡ
ǰ޾ĺڰУһӰģģ˳С㣬ڵϣһ֮޾Զ廨󡢽š
С㣡
ŭһϽ˹ȥ۵СĿ˫߬ס͵һꡱһ׾ͱҳˣûѴ֮
Ҳɵһ£ʱСѾӵվ޺ž˽ҵĻҵؿڷ
Сޣⲻ𡭡
΢΢һЦȻʱСͻȻ
԰ΪʲôҪأܺãõúܡ
⻰⡱һҪһСƿȻѾ§סҵ̧ͷЦ
뺦Ҫ֮ء
СĿЦУӰͻȻܳӭҾħڵħҸʹɱС
ʱ䣬ɣ˲ͰУħץסҵ壬һ󿩿عֽʼץ˺ҵѪ⣬ʹ


1212 ҵ
㲻ҺùҾ㲻úú
СĺУһ˿һ崿Ψʹࡢŭޡ
˾ĺУű塢󡢲˵ЦЦ﷢顭
С㣬úÿңСȶ̵ġ
ƴţţȻΧħѽΧסʼһֻֻһ㣬ƴ꣬ƺ˺ҵ壬ռҵ꣬˺ѷεʹܿ콫
С㣬쿴ѽѹѽ
ƴץǰС㣬޵ʹ͵һѾץסСϸ۵ȻСȴûκεĶݣͻȻſ죬һھͳҵֱҧ
ֱϵⱻС˺ʱʹ˵ѾνˣСǿնҵѾֻþݡ
ȻѾʧң׵ıħͬ
Ҫ㲻úú
СЦҵѪ˳ǻʹøӵˡ
ͻȻ˫ץҵؿڣܹоצָҵǻץҵƤ⿪ʼ˺ѣħƴ֮£ҾȻ޷֮
ȻʱһƮȴͻȻӺںİ֮Ʈ
С㣬ѣѡ
мСͻȻҵس鴤£ϵɫ˲һɨ⣬Ϊ˼ʹ

һ˻ȴѱӿһƽɫΰΧס
Сڣ콫ħ룡
дüŮȻħҡ
Ƿ룿ô룿
⻰˵Щԣڱħ˺ѵľʹ֮£ͷѾøӵģˡ
ʱһͷĿɨűߣŷ֣ΧΧħǣǱһŨĺһġ
ף
ҸϽһŭ˵ƴ˫ۣʱ伸ȫȫųֻءһ죬ѪɫĹ⻪ΪԲĳΧըʱΧҽڶ˱סС֮⣬ħ̶ըŤƮɢΪŨḶ́Χɢ˳ȥ
ȻɢĺȴǽΧҵΧҷųҵͼΧȴջǱǲΧҵĺ̸ֵסֿʼոС֮УħٶۣһЦһβڶ
Уǿ
ס
ҵ˵ͷźħλûȫ֣Ͻһۣͼųǿ̵ʧܸգһźϵ̫ܣֱ޷ָ
һɢ˵ںоۺצӳӽ
ҴʧɫŮѾӿƮѾøӵļٺͽǡ
УǲСһҪ취ħһ飬ȻĻǺܿͻ壬ǣ㽫Զħ֮޷뿪׵׵ξ𡭡
סף˵ף
ͬǣ֮ƴŭٶ۷ųʩչƾ֮ҪǿҵȻһδγײ֮ȴ޼¡
̧ɨ򱻽סС㣬ڽ֮ʱʱ鴤£ϸʹ࣬ٶ޲˶ݡ
СҲס̫á
ŮٶȴӿƮ䡪
㲻ܳɹħǷ룬ֻܱԽħڳɿܱ
Ҫ
̧ͷŭ𣬡ŮСҵҵ磬ܾȻһ˻ȥʲôأٸһΡᡭҲʹ֮˴˲
ʹԽʼʴҵģʼֱͦ󱳡
Ȼ޷ܵʹ֮УҶһ仰ȴҵԺ컷
زƣĲɷ𣬶ҶԴӽ밢޵ʼҲѾһģҪԼ֮Ȼа޵֮
С㣬ҶȲ꣬ΪҲǵز
ҲȲ޵ΪҲҶ
ҸȲ˼ĶΪҲǾ
ұ㣬Ϊˣػҡ
ΪҶԣǶȫ¡
ΪҶԡ
ҵ¡
졭¡䡭
ڷͻߣת˲֮Ѿٸо˿һָΪǿҵĸоѾʼ֮Ȼ
ҴδܹǿǿҲһ֡ΡϧҲҪ֮ˡֱ
ж˭̸ֺ֪֮䣿̸ֺ֮ꣿⱾһûκθ̸顭
ȻԸ˶ԣںģԶǲںںȫɾ㲻Ҳ뱣ĶҲ¡
ڤڤ֮Уҷ·𿴵ҶӰҵԺУ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ˡ
ǰˡ
䲻Ǵ󳹴
δ͸վҺ޹ȴָңָҲƴ۵ȥȥػȥȡ
С㡭
Ҫ䣬£Ѱ
ӿ˴ţѪ޵ǵĽ𻪣ȴһжҪӹʵڣΪҫ塢ӲǻƻĿֻһ
ܣػҵһС
֮£ͼΧƽĺʱɢ
ź̾𣬷ĺֻһزҽдһεӰѾʼ˺÷顭


1213 ħĻ
С㣬һҪ㡭
ҲΪͷųǿҵʱ䣬ԺһƬѣٴʱŷԼŮĻĴɡعţڶ
С㣡
һϽŮгӣȻŮȴֻ΢΢һЦ˵Слл㡣
лңлʲô
Ů⻰Ҳɵһ£ȻʱͼŮָ̧ԶѭָķȥͽС㡭׼ȷ˵ħ˿㶵ڲԶ龪㵵ض
ΪʲôΪʲô
СͻȻ鴤˼£徹ѲǰȻǱһպֹһˮĲƵģʼ
ôܡ
ңŰҡҡͷͻȻһⲻܣңǾսȣɱܵôôܡ
ꡱ
һѺԽԣ˳СĿֱϣѷһźѾһð˳СĲȴԽԼ
Сллһꡭ
Ůٶȿڣ˵ʱͼͻȻһγ䣬Ǵħѷðḷ́Ǳ˴ɢ֮£ͼӰһΣһŽʱڿնڿȦֱֱŮ˹
ŮҲδ㣬Сڵ̧֮ͦͷӭǷԼĽ˹ȥৡһ壬һŸΪҫ۵Ľ⣬ʱŮɢ
⡭ǡ
ۼŮһ仯̱ڵϲɵؾסճڣŮͳ΢΢ͷһЦڼֻ˵ᡪ
ȶ̵ġ
ǡС㡭
һʱ䣬ϲ뼤ȻˮƬ֮ǰۿתȻƬ֮Ѿৡһ´ۿ֮л˳
С㣬ҵС㡭
ȶ̵ġ
Ů֮иǰٸнɷ˵һѾͽסң˫۽һ֣ҾͻʧƵġ
ȶ̵ģһˣлл㣬лл㡭
СʣĪᣬȻһӦ̾˵ΪʲôᣬḽŮڣ
ԭҵġ
С̧ͷһЦЦԸƵۣûС㣬С㡭
Сֽ§˵ұŮǵתҴħڳ˳ԭѾˣȻعϹʹŮС
⣬Ҳ˵
˵ڻعңӴ˺ҲʲôʵƷҾңŮС㡭
С˵վֳ΢΢һЦ֮ͻȻ仰һתԱеԼһߡ
Ѳ֮еһԱǻǿҵòʲôأ
˵Сһ˦֣һɫʱ䳯ڵķ˶ȥһʱءһը촫һײڱڵԼϣʱըһɫ𡭡
ŰֻԱħȻһŭ𣬰ŭֿʼҳ鴤֮УСòҲѽԭģ
ܵģϹսΪʲôܷǣⲻܣܣ
ħһŭȻվ޷ıʵǣСòѾҵĳ鶯𽥱仯Ϊģ
ȻȴҲģθһ¶棬ҾѾϵһ˺ۡ
СֵѾܲˡ
С㳯ҺٺһЦֽ˵ħֻʣħ껹ڷ
㣬˼ǣħͬڵĲ塢űˣʱ˿Ѿ
Ҳûʲôħҡ
Ů΢΢һЦЦݼֱǳ˷һ
ѾŮǣС㡭
ҶûܷӦһСǧȷҵǰҲͲסԼļ͵һѾͽСҲ˻
С㣬ġ㰡
ñط꣬ȻҺСǻûȽһӵĹүѾӲԶ˳
ȰǻǵȽⳡս֮ǣǿ
ϵүͻȻֳ̧ǰһֱָָħʮڤ֮С
ʱ˿ǳ鴤ѾСģ𽥱仯Ϊ󡭡
ͼҵس鴤ţҵĳ鴤ͻȻٱΣëСĵģʼȻûãëСȴѾðһĺ֮£òҲʼŤֻΪүүģ
òڹĺ֮ɢֵ֮űģܿ죬С֮⣬ħħòѾתһ飬ÿתһģʹ˻ͱԽǿ˲١
һʱЩɵۣʱֻԵС΢΢һЦ˵ȶ̵ģ濴ôȻƾһ֮ɱħ
ң
һ£ϽҡͷֳСЦЦ˵˵ˣûŮİҲܳɹȳ׼ȷ˵ԼģԼ
ǺǣͲҪǫˡ
ҺСȵģүԱڿȥˣۺӹЦ˵ܵ˭˭ħ㱻Ƴһʤˡ
˵ָָ̧ڴڵħӵħ֮⣬ûħѽըɺɢ١
үЦû£ͻȻ֮䣬һİѾԴ
ǣΪ𣿡
Ƕһ£ϽѭһͼڳǹЦģڲԶһ׹̽ڡ
үһŭ𣺡˭
ȻЦ׹̽ȴδ˵һ仰ͻȻһءһĿըһɳ
ľ֮Ǹɽ׹̵ļ϶
үٶһϽֳʮڤ׹̸ŭ˵ħ𣬵ħδ٣ס
үһڣͼ̳󷨵ʮλּͬһʱ󷨣ӭűҡҡ׹˹ȥȻʱ˿̵Ѿް㻹֮
ʱһֻֻڰеİ쵾Ѿӿеĺ콵䡭
ҶһǰͷһֻޱϵˣǸ
㻹ǲײĲᣬûǵ֮ǰɱ㡭
Ǿ޵ıͻȻһŭȻϵĵҲȴֻ̧ͷһԲ
⻰Ҳ˳ңҸϽŵҲ˵˵үȻߣΪľ֮ĹϵѾסҪȥɱ㣬ǧҪ
Сӣ֪ˡ
үŤͷ΢΢һЦЦȴЩұ
ûݵϸʲôүѾֳſеĸЦ˵֪ӹһֱͼ˼ΪߵˣΪש·սᣬǸ߸ϵȴҲÿ˵ˣʱգѵ㻹Ҫһȥ
һУǷң
仰ʱѾΪŭø
ǲҪΪһħҵļƻ֮Ϊ˭ֹңֹҲȹһء
˵ͼͻȻһ֣ӿеĺ֮ڣִܳ˼ֻڷڰ֮еİ쵾
Щ޵ıϸվ£֮䣬ŵģǵˡ
ҵһģͼѾϵһֱ۵ʱ˿ס˴ʱ˿̱ڵϣƺѱŰվվˡ
ϰ֣
һסľȻԼĸСӾʧ
Ȼ⻹ûнֻּͻȻƲڷ˳ֱھޱϵģг±ǧѩˡ


1214 ʧȥһ
裡
һԼĸ죬ȺеСʱһֵܴ󲿷Ҳȵ˵ˣǸոմɽϴ
һսʱ±УС¾ҲûмԷˣпֻһ¾סǾޱϵĳ±ҲѾԾȦͨ

һ£ǻ񣬶ֵ︮һǧѩҲھޱϣȫʧ
˵ǧѩй︮ʷѳ壬ǧѩҲ»ص߲︮︮ɲеٮٮߣۿԼ쵼ץ˭ܲأ
ҶһԾǧѩڵľޱϣս΢΢һЦּ䣬ԼĿгһλεĹ
⡱һɣǱˮ
֮ǰˮͻȻˮ麣ɻ񣬰麣߽ݣҲΣ˽һֱﱣܡ
ȻѾΪ˽ë麣ֽǽ˸úõıһģǿЦ
ʱͼһеĽȻǧѩĲϣŵǶ־һ£ң˺ǧѩΪҵͷѹһУҴӦ磬ζҪǧѩƽľȳ
ʱЦѴӿдʹⶫһ٣İġζ𣿡
û䣬ͻȻ͵һеıˮһɫĽ⡰ᡱһ¾ʹӿէ֡
ȻǽķȴǧѩĲӣǳŷһֻ޵ıȥС衪죬ʱ˿̾ͰǾ޵ıϡ
ৡ
˲Ϯޣû˷Ӧһŵɫ⣬ŵĲϣһѪ紵΢΢һΣͷ­ꡱһѣŵս
Ԥ׵һն˶Щֲԭء
裬衭
ͨһͷˤ䣬С΢ΣҲѱ߹ڵأԱߵ޺ͽʬһûСˣС߲Զмֵܷ︮Ӧ˹ϽȥסСȻĻѾЩħ˺ˡ
ٿеĸЦɨһ˵ʲôǾµСܵģǾСָоס
쬵Ŀ⳯ɨһʱ䣬Ѿ֪ôӦˣԺһ棬֮սʱ׹̻ضϵĳ
ǳսУʧȥһС
Ȼʱּҡҡͷ˵ǣ⻹Ǹ˵ľѣȣһһ
˵ѴתΪʹƺ⻰ڵͬʱԺУҲѾ뵽ʲôġ̹ĵļ䡭
Ӯ֮սΪˣҲɱͬ壬εյֵܣһȻأȻȴ˱ѣЩԩǵĹǺһ󺿽ûûҹԺдתңңңʲôоľʧȥһУǱһԼʧ
ǲǡڵ𣿡
ҿЦҡҡͷָ̧Ÿ˵һеѡ࣬ΪǿɾȵģΪս֮ΪЩС黻õĺƽȻ㾡Ȼ㱳ͬ壬ʱΪȴأ㻹𣿡
һ˵ҲѾŭԱߺ
԰㻹ڵ㣬ǵɽϸҰѾԻǸ㣡ɻǵãõֵܣһ̸Ԥ˼ı仯Ϊһֻ¾ȳһŮӤˣȴΪ˳޵ĻźԼеĹֱЦ
ˣң
һĻ
ûڿڣһһֻޱϣٽֱ̡

һȻΪʱǷıˮ̴ޱϳ±ʱ±һҽУʼű߶
Ҳү
ŭУѻΪεҧǰͳ壬ûȳԶ˫̱ءͨһ˵ϡ
ǧÿÿҹûûҹضأΪΪ֮սбսѵˣʧȥһС
ģǶ֪飬мף֮ԲϵȥˣֻΪֲתǸʹ࣬ǲϵߺ͵͵뿪ԼŮˣǳĸΡ
ʧȥһУˡֵܡѣΣ˸ʧȥֹʧȥõķǲӵС
ŶôãΪʲôҪ뿪
ֻ΢΢һЦҳ顣
Ϊ»ʧȥЩ׷ɱҵ˻ΪȻվޣ£һңһ뿪
Ǿɽʡǰһ죬˵˵žͿˡ
һĻǧˣȴΪ±飬ǧİͳ֮మ±ѾΪһУһУɵرˡ
Ҳɱ㣬ó
ڵϣΪļҲ
ڵϵ˫ֽΪ˷צӣҧأ̧ͷŭӿеĸʱ˫һƬͨ죬ʹݵı飬Ҵδġ
վһŭ𣬶ʱһӳ±д
ҪҪ÷ŭͳʴԼǡǣǸ뿴ġ㣬㲻ǸǡǸܡܶҿЦĻůġʹ
⻰ĶʱĬˣ˲ľ
Ȼģȴǳ±ĵڶҽУѽˮøӦų±ĲҽЦ
ɱѽɱİˣ㲻޼ɵĳΪ˸ҾһսŶѽų㵹ѽѽ
Ҫ
ԣҳȥһѾͱסŵ˵Ҫ˸ļƣ뼤ŭ㣬ɱ㡭
Сſҡ
˵⻰ʱκε
һ£ͻȻŭò˵СҪ㡭ſҡ
ɿ֣ҲѾֱӣٶȳſеĸ̧ͷ
ǶʧȥһеˣһȴͬǾңһ˵ĳ޾ȥ磬˾ҵȫһ㣬ҲԻõĴڡ
£һۿڸĳ±ůůһЦ
Ͷ̥תĻᣬ۶ã۶ѣҶɽˮҵ㣬һҪҡ


1215 
ҡһ㡭
±ǿֳһ˿Цݣʹ࣬Цȴޱȵůů硣
ء
ŭĸȫ±壬֮£±Ȼը
ǿҵرըˣײΧڰеľ޶һһƬƬɢëѴӿƮ£ѩһ㡭
ʹصŸҲͬˡ
ȻӸ£ողŶһеĸϵıȴȫʤϲã飬ȴԵñҪӵʹ꣬ʹش

Цҡҡͷˮֹס˳˫ۻ䣬ܿģ
ʱͻȻһЦԶսд˳
ǣҸоˣѾоˣ
磬ëȻ֮˶ѭķȥͼԶɽϣһŽ֮£һοʨӣսɱһѪ·ǵķ˹
麣
һ麣Ͻһŭ𣺡Ҫôˣ
ĺЦɱ麣ͻȻһݣֻ̻ûһŽɫڿն𣬳Ÿڵķ˹ȥ
ڵúܿ죬գۼĹѾɽ˸ǰ
ͼ麣һҲ˾޵ıϣſ˸ĽűߣٺЦ˵ˣҵҶѾˣ칬ǰļƷѾ׼׵ֻΪѪʩ칬֮ţСǰĹ񾳡
ߣòҹȻûп㡣
һЦ˵껰ͷ˱Զںĳա
үڰͲסһŭ𣺡ǵʲôЩһֱڱݱɱãݱѾɱѵĲ֣
֣ΪʱǶ᳢ʲôʹ࡭;
ЦУſ˫ۣͬһʱ䣬ضʼͬƵģʼƴض
ˣҲоˡҲоˡ
ͻȻ۾ʼ˵ԻſԼűߵ麣ҲǺٺٵһЦȻûŪǵʲô⣬һǰδеѹȸУѾʼҵС
ͻȻսмֻ޿ʼ쳤Хغʼе޾ʱҲʼԽԽ࣬ܿ죬ؽѾɽҰ
ˡһˡ
ֿʼ˵Żתͷŵǣǿһ˿΢Ц˵ͷ˵СʶЩεյֵܣⱲҫңҲǵġ
˵ʲô
ĿǾ˵Ƶģǰ˵һ㶣ɻûҷӦС㣨ŮѴӱǰ͵͵ץסҵ֣ʮָۡ
һͷСҵ֣Цˡ
ȶ̵ģ̸һֿһһΣǵʱ䣬Ѿݲȥһˡ
СС㣬⻰ʲô˼
һʣСеıѾŨˣˡ
ʲô
ǡƹˡ
С㻰һڣͷ⡱һһ뵽ȴ硣
ʱХѾøӵĿ̧ͷſȥҹĻ֮£ԹѽڱΣΪһ쫷ڿ޼ɵؽš
ܿ죬ͬԹʼһһسŵҲԽԽ࣬ܣܼ򣬾Ѿγǧ
нźɿתһѾͬ͵ĳһڿзȥһع
ƮԹԽԽܼܿ죬һҽдǲҽǴ޺ͽʬдˡ
ѭŲҽȥս֮Уܶͬ˫ץסԼĺƴײţܿ죬طڵأʼڵϴҴ³һŰĭǳ漫ˣͻȻ˷Ƶġ
ҷֱ֣仯ģ󲿷ֶ749507ԼԮ
ô£Ϊʲô
һûȷӦһҾ徵ؽѾҽеڽЩ硱Աҽǡ
ЩڳͻȻְεض𣬲ҿʼžͽļսʿǷϮ
ǵĿȫ罩ʬʼſعֺֽС
ǽǵѾ׻صϡ
СҡͷһЦ˵ˣһжˡǵԹȾ磬ûκлͨȱȾɽµʬ⣬ҲᱻԹʴ磬еﶼΪʬų켺ʼɱյήԴ˻𡭡
С˵ʱԼֵ︮Ҳʼʹزҽ֢ͬ״
ô죬Ǹô죿
Ѿȫ֪ˣȴҡҡͷ˵ûκεİ취ˣСʧˡ
ܵģܵģ
ҡ˼ͷȫԼǰһУҲѾԸоԹʴҵҵóģͷҲʼΡ
Сֽ߬߬ҵ֣תͷʱѾ棬ᲢԴڱˣǾ
ȶ̵ģûƭ㣬ǡʧˡ
СһͷҵĻ˼֮˵Ϲ䣬ݻ̫֮չ֮еĵһսݻսܺԹ黯ΪǣԹģʱƴȫסԼĸףѾˡǲǡʲôˡ
ԺһƬհף§С㣬ǧ֪ȥδӡ
ɨ˿һ֮ȴ򼤶Цĸڿзʩ
֮£ЩŭеħǣֿʼǵĶ鷢˸Ϊǿҵ͹
ɱɱɱǣɱǣ
ھޱŭЦ麣ȴһֱſĽűȰ˵ˣʱˣҲ뿪˰ɣϾҪŻͳĹʹаǿɱ𵢸ʱ䣬ҲЩһѽ
㿴̰ӣް
麣һЦ麣ϽҲЦǱǿս䣬Ϊ̫Ǵ·ĺƵġ
Ҿϲһ㣡
˸麣ͷ麣ﹷƵͷٺЦܡ
мһ˵ȨǮ̰֮ûиɻģҲͬʱᱻƺԽ󣬵õľԽ࣬Ҳ͸ױƣ麣ִţҲΪΪеİѱҲܷĵʹ㣬㡭
麣ٺһЦЦ˵⻰˵ģҾĹܸһң޹أҶҳϡ
ҳϣҰĲˣɲ̸ʲôҳϰ͵Ҳһ㣬ǲ۵ȥףȥͬһĿŬ߰ɣ˼Ѷҽʵֶĳŵȥ


1216 Сķ
˵һֻ֣ڰеľŤתΣɽķͷ˹ȥ
һǿʼƶڸǰ麣̾˵ˣǧѩô죿
˵Ż̧ͷھޱϵǧѩһֳۣŸ˵Ѳɣ˸һ
ǲ䡣
΢΢һЦĿµս֣Ц˵ڿɲɱǣǻá
ʲôã麣ʣϾͿˣһжѾûйϵˡ
Ǻǣ麣ȻѾΪ˽ë꣬ӣȴǵûг
һЦֽ˵֪ǧҲ˼䣬ǿʲôһֱڵģ
ʲô麣ʡ
ֻ˵֡

˵⻰麣ز⣬˵һ̣ԶԼĵþǧѩ˾ĵƣ˰ɣ
Ӣ
˵꣬麣ߵ׸̣ûֻЦأǾ޵ıϣɽ˹ȥ
һ麣ƺҪߣԽżҪ׷ȥκȴɽħޣԼɽʬΧм䣬޷ɱһѪ·
ʱСͻȻԱ߾˵ˣɽǾҲֹõ
Ϊʲô
С˵һʣɽʲô
Сһ˵Ϲδ칬Ĵִսһ̽칬ݻ٣ɽɽ֮ڣǧ칬䲻ûκ֪֮Ǹɽ󣬺ܿʹɽҵ칬ټҽ칬°˹ɽɽҪùɽʮ֮·ĵط
С˵ʱѾ˿ؾˣ칬ͬ񾳣˵õ֪ģǴӹɽʮǿŵԿףҲ֪ġ
뵽ʱСֽ˵֪֪ҰĲ麣ΪʲôԸҳϵػңʵɺܼ򵥣ΪΪϹͨͨͬ˼񾳣ڹлҪţ˼ٶͬ߷ǹѪܼ
Ѫ
⻰һ£־˵ʱȻɽħ޸޷ǶáŮ洼ƻͽľ֮ķðƷѪͳҲ˵ϣΨһһѪߡ
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Сæ˵ͷֽ˵˵ΪŮתǹϹŮ֮УһѪͳҲٴϹһֱڣǶûзκεĸı䣬ȷʵĹɣҲ˵ֻӵУͨ´ŵҲΪһԭҰĲ麣ŸԸһֱڸ¡ɽɽķѾãɽŽĿ麣Ҳ˳Ľ񾳡
ɲУ
С˵һŭɨһۿԽܼԹɨһԽԽࡰ衱ɽʬֵǣŭȼ
˼Դ˻Ҳ麣ң⣡ֵǣ
͵һŭһȺֵˢˢظӦֵֺǣӵеһУԼȴõң𣿡
̣
һмΧһȺħ޵ķֵһŭ
ãһеģɱϹɽɽ㲻ܶǵһУһΣҲҪøۣ
˵ʱСһֱԱ߿Ȱ˵ȶ̵ģȰ㻹ǱɵˣˣҪġ
ԥһ£ֽüͷһ˵ҪģǺúϧദһһ롭ǺܿͻĴ󲿷˶ʬ⣬ˣһͿصˡ
䲻£ҲҪϲУ
˵Ż߬ǹ볯ɽķȥߵֵҲʼŭŸ
Ȼ˭û뵽ʱСȴͻȻһܵҵǰſ˫۾͵סҵȥ·
㲻ȥ
СֱҶʱһ㶣Ȼû˵ʲôСѾɫغһʱѾˣȶ̵ģѵ㶼뿪𣿡
˫ۺᣬ˵Ȼס
һֱǶ̫ԼһеĻѾΪ˶֣ңֻúõһ̵ʱ⣬ΪʲôȴҪ뿪ң
СС㣬㡭
СıЩȣʼɣѵڱãǻħͬ
뵽ҲɵŤͷŲԶȥʮڤʧȥãһȺ׹̸ȴڽӡ䣬ԱסѾ
֮ǰŮİ֮£ħˣĻ飬СҲĸСĻǻΪˣһʣΪħΪڵĹϵûֱӱξ𣬴ʱ˿̱ڵأѾûκη֮
ԣǰСС㣬ȻѾǴħڻˣٺħ˿ϵ
ΪʲôСῪʼֹɱɽأѵĽĴѶ֮󣬸Ҷദһ̣
ǰС࣬ƺȫûҪļһʱҲЩΪˡ
аǶǴ
ҷֲ塣
ۿΧս֮еֵȺ𼤰ҵŭ֮£ʼɽһֱײƺҪٵһеĸͬھܲݣ


1217 ȫ
С㣬ʧܿ𣿡
ҿһЦǰ˫۵סҵȥ·С˵ʧʵ£ȫ磬һУµǡΪ֪䣬ŵվվˡǰֻҪ麣û񾳻Ǿͻлᣬ޲ҲҪֹıúÿǣһǴӤ
˵һһŭһŭѴԶս֮дϹӤѾŤγǷɱ߻ΧһȺĿİ޵ħ
Ӥǰ濪·
һŭ𣬾ӤһӦŭһݣͻΪ˾޴ľͷһŻ泯ŵ
ӦžӤӰ޵Ķ֮УһѲڶش
ѭżٵķһֳֳǹӭǰ·Ľʬһͳײгǹ趯ֱɱ˸߽߳
ֵǣѾһεˣʲô
һŭ𣬶˵伸ֻĽʬѾ˵ڵأɽﳤǹ֧վеĳǹٶȺɨۡһǰļֻʬԴѾʼڵҹˡ
ֵǣǶٲָкιϵҪֻһǾսʤˣսʤˣսʤˣ
ɻųǹԽɱԽ£ħҲ˲䱻ȼ˶־ɺͷսİԳڿоӤڻ֮¾ͳɽһ·ɱȥ
޵֮˶־Щˣ
һŭȻүƴشϳӣҡҡλվ֮󣬻ͷһž߷Σּ䳯Χֵŭ
׹̾︮֡ǵ㣬ǧǧԸͬǣǲֱ˴ˣֻ֪һ£ǶˣһΣЯΪսΪ˼ս
үһڣӦȺ죬үҲԼصϣӵץһѸֵײײӭһȺ·ħȥ
ħԹЩɥĲ˼ĽʬΪѪ֮࣬ǶޱȵССԱ
ǵЩڼзйӲдϣҲڼǿĻţֺοˣ
ľսѾʼˣһ˲䣬ƺ˶ݣ˿־壬ľֻһ¡
ʤӲѱˣҲҪʤ
ڴԼظ˵Ҫָ֮£ڤظڰ޵ڵħҡ濪ʼȫɽɽҰħչһսҪ︮ħ硢749֡507׹ھͨϰɵĶ飬ಿӵڻ£ʼɽķɱ
ϣѪ䣬ҽ˻һƬ
̧ͷһɽڸħ֮УųܹƼħڿжǵϵĲ׷ʹ
ڿնľӤȴһٵսţΪϹ֮棬ϾѾΧħѹȥվѲڣȻӤʵǿǺܿͱһȺħסֽš
ʱ߷ɳڤѾϵսȻûǿʵЩħ˵ӵиݵĶ壬ܿΪ˿д벿ħ
ʿԡѪսҲɽʼɽһ񱼣С㣬ѾԶԶ˦
Ҳһͷֻһͷͻῴʧǵ
ףֹ֮ɱɽѾĻ䣬ΪĴѾ޷ıˣֻܶһȥ
ǶԲС㣬
Ҳĩ֮ʱӵٲֿǣȴԸսڳ·ϡ
ΪڣǸսʿ
ֵǣ尡
ɽܴ󣬴ó˵󣬵ǳ嵽ɽʱųĴ֮УнһѾ;жԼΪ
ЩУ󲿷ֶսģܵǵصԹӰ죬תΪ˺ǵʬ⡣
δЩɽʬֵܳΪǵ谭ҲֻĻؽǰɱΪ֮Ѿûбİ취롣
Ȼˣ֮⣬ħǣҲʼٵܵԹӰ죬ͼзŵڤԩţܶ඼ѾԹӰ֮ɥʧǣʼزҽЩӰȽصģ֮Сءһը˸ξ𡭡
ѾϾܣĿֻһɱɽֹ׸롭
ۿźƵɽǰԶֵǵ˻øʼƴǰ塣
ȻʱͻȻ¡һŴص𶯣һֻīɫİ쵾Ѿӵ֮´סǵȥ·
Ǿ޸һ¶ΣΧ¡ɽʯִܳ˸ľǵǰ
ҲѾһϳǴͷһֻīɫ޵ݣȻҡ
׼ȷ˵ֻŤβ͵īɫ޹꣬ҵǰꡣ
áŮ洼ƻʵƷʲôѪһ˵ģֻҪҵĻͨ507ĸ＼ΪŮ洼ƻͿýľ֮临ΪϹݺµޡ
Щħ䱣ϹʱǿʵȴûκεĸԣЩսѡ
ۼԼԼǰЩ㵣ΪĳԵʣһ˫۹⣬ҲѾҵķ˹ĿԣָоٸнҲ˵ϲǱ
Ȼڵɽ֮ǰҾϵп롰ԼһսȻһУȴǶ̫ͻȻˡ


1218 
Ȼŵһս㶼㲻ȥ
˫ֳǹѹΣڵ˫ֱʱԼ׼
ȻûҳȥһӰȴͻȻȵײײӭ˹ȥ
Сӣ֮пɲɽϡ
ģү
ү㡭
ٷϻｻǣȥɽֹ
˵үͻȻŤͷɨһۣһ˿ŵ΢Ц
İｻңСһƽ
ǣ
Ҽᶨص˵ͷۿүһȺֵ︮·ľǣҸϽûɽϳȥȻȥûԶȴ̲סүһŭ𡪡
үиһֱûʱ㣬أĶ
һսһδӵӰ
үֳ΢΢һЦ
ҸһУ
ףǧҪúõĻţҡ
˵ŻҼͳǰȥȻֳȥûͻȻ·ߵĽ֮Уһֻ쵾ѾſѪڣצس
ҸҪеĳǹӭУ˭֪һλεӰѾᡱһԴסһŵ磬ѾѪܵȭͷǾ޵ͷȥ
ʱ˿̵ȻȻϵĽɫϣѾֳ˶ദѺѪ˳ż˿ڻȼѪɫ
ء
һȭ£Ŵ۵Ľ䣬Ǿ޵ԴʱըѪɣأվͷɨʱоǱʹ
ֵܣҶԲס㣬ؾȫûѳɹƹضֻʣûõķˣҡˡ
磬ˡ
û˿˼ȻȴѾȦͨˣȻǳ
ת˲֮ȴֻΪ˷ŭ벻ʣָ̧ɽҧһŭ𡪡
ģ˵ɽǲǣ
ҵ˵ͷתӭɽȥ
ǰܣҲҪȷ˵˵
ۿɽıӰҲ΢΢һЦʶ磬һ·ĺֵܡ
С軹ɵʲôأŸǶ尡
ҲѾԴ˹ȥڱǰһͷһͰЭү˵ֵסǵ·Ϯò˶Ҳ͸ˡ
ûٵ飬ϽҲɽȥܳȥûã̧ͷһǰѾһӲƵʯ¥ݣֱ֮ͨ
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ⳡڻþ֮мʯžţҲǱΪ֮šţ֮ǽŴŵĻԻ͹칬
֮Уһһʯ֮£һػ֮ǰһȣӦΨܼ׵磬ǰ棬ŭŷǰ壬Ҫ̨ˡ
֪ģһĪϤϮͷҲɵһпͷűȥսףɽɽ˳ӿħⳡ澹һ뵽ϹһҾ徵ս
ҲͬĵطͬһȺħޣʱȴݸꡭ
һУ·ǻصԭһ㡭
ء
ҷ֮ʣͻȻһʯϴ֮ҸϽͷ칬ķһȻǸոճ̨׵磬ִ̨ϵصˤǧ׳֮һ󷭹
ײ˸ȥͰֵܣֵײ˸ںˡžһ󷭹˳̨һֱҵĽ£ͣ
ô£
һұûһͷȥͺѾ硢Ҳʼشӵ
ô£ЧҸˡ
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ͻȻ̧һֻǰצǰ˰ڣЦ˵СλֵܣʶôãٶЩֲȰǻǹԹԵɣͲҪٳˡͨ칬ʯֻһڸ˳ɹ֮ǰҾͻһֱﲻ뿪ϳ壬ֻøҡ
麣үģո͵Ϯң
ĨһǵѪ˵Ϊʲôë꣬Ӿˣ㵱׹ɱʼѲǸֵĺˣ
ŭʱԺһλ䡣
Уŵ麣ϵڸãƴ޺աͨһԹĹ԰УҲû˶
ǰʱʼ麣Ѿˡ
ҲǴʱʼһֶεҰļңʼΪ֪ıһ͵ȵʬһ·ɳΪ߸ϡ˫Ľëꡭ
ȻԽ˵ԽоҪǰ壬ǸϽȥæ
Ķ֪ҲŸһѾ̨׵ͷҲصһŭ𡪡
ǶҹԹԿţӺ麣˽£޹أ
ȻıƢˣȻϸһ룬ӿʼڣһֱ麣ƭҵģ麣ĺֵ
麣Ҳү
˵Ѿϸ̨ŭһȭ麣ȥۿǶݺݵһȭҪ麣ʱ麣צȴѸײڶ֮𣬡ۡһ¾͹ᴩؿڵĽס
磡
ȫסٿ磬һҽ֮ȴ۾ҧסأ߬ȭͷ麣ҡ
麣һۣĽһۣµģ


1219 ſ
ʮȭ
ؿѱ麣һצᴩȴǻ麣ʮȭȭȭա
ʮȭ麣ĿȫǣӶˣ麣ĨЦȴȻûʧȫоκһ˿һʹƵġ
ڣ绹ûҳʮȭ麣ͻȻ䡰ۡһѪܵצӴؿڰ˳˺ѷεʹһҽгջǽûĲҽʻ˶
練Ӧ麣͵һצһצһǿ磬һһΣٶȴ̨Ϸ
磡
ۿ类麣̨ϴֵǶסˣ̶һӵϳ̨ף˭֪ʱѾǽµȴͻȻһŭ𡪡
ҽǲҪ֣𣡡
ĺŭһʱ䣬ֵȫһ𣬲ɵͣ²ͷŵڵϵ˹ȥѪ磬ӵϼѵ
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ͬʱѿ첽̨ףֳܿ嵽麣ǰ߬ȭͷһͨҡ
ȻʮӵĹ򣬱麣ץסһΣȻֱ麣һצӴ̨׾ͷɼǵ˺ۡ
һ󷭹һˤǵĽűߣۿѾˣû̲סǰһ
ǽһѪܵȴѾһ߬סҵȣҾŵػͷͼѪ磬ᶨضҡҡͷ
£ˣȣȱ˽𡭡
˵ץҵٶײײֿʼ̨ϳ壬Ϊֵܣȴֻں濴ţ֪롭
ƢǶ˽⣬֣ܻ֣ȴ
ϣ壬أ˭öء
ۿֻζѪܵγԼ麣ƺҲͷҡͷ̾˿˵Ȱ㻹ǹԹԵȴĻɣҲ붯ɱ㣬Ҫң
һԲ麣̧־һȭȭȭ
һߴһ߶ݺݵغ磬ѣ㱳ֵܣֵܵģТġ
˵Żһȭ
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ڣԽŤŭ麣ҲͲסһŭȻһצӾֳץȥ
һ͵һצץ£һˣ˲ɽɫĲƬҡڻζһΣڵȥ
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һ̯̯Ѫ⣬ʵϸһ֮ǰһδλӶȭͷѪ˳ֱ˦ڵϣȻѾ͵͵һͼ麣м䡭
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㾹Ȼ֮ңҪʬΣ
ŭ֮У麣һһžͳ̱ڵϵͲ˹ȥ
飬ȥʱһڵסһһպð麣Ľ¸ק˳ȥ
ʱͼ麣͵һ˫ۣʱȻ𣬵ǽӲӵĵשϴһ麣ųĽ顣
𣬴÷ĵשҷɣȾڵγͼѪҲ߰㲻ˣǰ麣ĺȴȻûʧƴͽԿţͼ麣ȫûС
磡һΪ㱨𣡡
ҽҧһŭ𣬵һȥȻһǹͳ麣˹ȥǹ⡰͡һᴩ麣Ķӣ۵麣һС
û䣬ҲѾڵڿնʱ˫ò麣ļϣһǻǧ֮Ŀ˫һѾץס麣ͷƴȫ͵һšꡱһֱӰ麣Դš˺󱳡
麣ĲҽУϣ˦ּһһеǿϮ麣ը׻𽻼ӻҲѪɵˡ
һ㿪ѴӺײͷһԳǡءһײ麣ϣ麣ײòҽ㷭˼ʮԶײǼ̳ǰͣ
̳ǰͼĬĬԭģ̳֮ϣѩ׵˿ѪʮԲͼÿͼ֮Уһ
İ˼ľħƽ𽣡ӵǿ衢ʦӡնͨҡ塢ʮ֮⣬šһƷ̫ͼĶ㣬ԼɡǽԼͯӣҲڲͬͼл˯
Զ׼ǣһĪʮ𽥱̳мŵһٴӶڷųǰǹӱµš
ʮģŵͺʼųӲӵĹһŽɫ̻ͨ칬ĵ·У۳͡


1220 ȼϣ
ˡȾҡ
ڸµ麣һ߬סȣ
ɨ麣һۣȴֻǼĬģû˵
ۿǳ˹麣Ͻֻŵʣˣ㵽׻ҪòܴţңĿŲסˡ
麣ʹ࣬Ҳѹ֣Ϊ֮ǰḷ́ڲϵ麣ųԿѾ¶ʴˡ
⻰ɨ麣һۣȻ˵㲻ҪңǺܿҪɹˣǽë꣬Ķô׾ͻᱻܣһ̤Ļ͸վúõıҡ
ǣˣˡ
⻰麣ͷͳ
ȻΪ̸ʴ˺ѷεľʹ麣Ķ˰ģǿɲΧ麣һ͹
ò˵ȻƴɵЧס麣ֻѾĽëȷʵô׾ܱɵģһƴ͹֮£ñ˵麣ȴͦǰ˵޷ǵΧȴҲǣסǣ޷ӽ
ˣ㵹ǿһ㣡ҿŲסˣ
סǵ麣һҳų̂һۣսδɽүҲѾΪƹضεصȥ
ͷ麣һۣ̲סŭ
Ϊë꾹˵ûã㻹һ֮𣿡
ˣֻ֮ʵ̫Ѳˣҵ塭ҵ嶼챻˺ˡ
ǣôʹ඼ܲס̸ʲô֪֮ţ屻˺顢걻񾳵õʱʹ¼һ޶ġ
˵ҡҡͷȻڸ̾麣ܺջ˿ڡ
ҲãȻôûãҾͰɡ
˵ŻͻȻ͵һ̧˫ָֻ֣ԵĽӡֻһŷֱšߡĴĸһɨȻϵΣǧѩ
Ȼʹõ۷һͱˣֻڷǸûз֡
һŭ𣺡СĽѾעǻҪĻ˼䱻֮ǰһۿν˴ж˿ĥġ
һڣǶ⾪һ£Сĸףǧѩ︮ĸ߼ɲİˣҸ׿ڴӦ磬һҪǧѩȻ
ֵͣĻǱɡ
һʱ䣬ٸоᣬֵʽ
ɾⷴĽҪͷһŭȴǸǰ
СӣҪǣøıóѡ
һѭȥ𻰵ľȻǱϵ
ûȻأͼŭ͵һ˫ۣžһסдĵķ䣬ȻӦϡ
ô
ۿڼ̳ǰӡ뿪ĸʧɫʱұϵǧѩҲѾ˺ӭŸ˹ȥ
ʧɫۿҼлһⲻܡҹ䷨ӳ֣ǲѵġ
˭֪һڣһЦȴǱ麣սʱһͷһɨˬЦģȻڵһ̯Ѫˮڵ硭
ôһЦ˲˹Ȼֽſ϶ġ
һ˫ȭͷɲ򵥣Ȼں麣ʱ麣ûע⵽ĹԼҵȭǰǧѩϵ
ϸһ䣬Ը麣ʱʮȭȷʵЩ죬ֻǰ麣һ֣ǿʧȥ׼ͷȭͷȴƫƫңԭ׼ķ򡭡
֮ǰǧѩһֱ۷ܿ۷˱ص㣬ȻֻһܹϾȻʿΪȻʿӵһ˫۷Իõ۾

սȻڼɽڼɽڼɽڼ֮ҲڼǼֵܺ麣֮սڼ
ǧѩҲѾ͸ս
˫ֽӡȻ⿪Ҳֻһֱ˱㣬м˵׷ʹ򣬶ٿǧѩɽôãȻԾ˿ͷѾֻʣһұۣȴȻ־Ÿ޷Щڵء
Ȼһվֵס麣ȻҲŵΣյζʱһ麣˫צͽΧΧȫײ˳ʮԶĵء
һǺ磬Ϊɽһݾע˺󣬿֧յвëͻȻϮͼһΣ㣬ѱ麣͵һצӰ˵ϣءһ类ڵʱҵΧʮڵĵשͳһ飬ûȺ麣ȭͷѾ
ȭͷͬںĿϣ硰ۡһѪ˳鴤ʹˡ
Ⱥӣ
ҳһŭ漴ݵϣӭŸͳ˹ȥ
ŸǧѩסĹ׼ʱһԾ£˦ּ䳤ǹֱ󱳶ȥ
͡һǹӸ룬ִӸĿббĴһһͬʱ˫Ҳڴ
Ҫɱˣ
ۿһǹᴩĿڣ麣ʱһһצԼİ㣬ͱһײ󵹷˳ȥ麣ҲѾݺݵ˫ۣ˹


1221 
麣֪֪Ϊһ̰Ầˣ
ۿ麣һŭ
˫۷ֱֱűҲסĸǳմһרעѾ˳һһ㡭
ʱգʱ˿̣Ϊ˵õԳһС
ۿëϮסͬʱҲ˻ػ׼ȻȴͻȻһ󡰿Ц
Ц͵һɨȥȻЦģǸ
ѾǹᴩѣȻȴͬʹһ㣬ܵЦͬϴαһǹԴʱıһ
ѵǲ𡭡
Ȼûϸ룬һɫӰͻȻӱɨžһ麣͵һצӾͽҵͷסȻζֱۣҶݺˤ˵ϡ
麣ֱÿ£ʤȫʤ֮µ磬˴ֲ׼޼£ֻһ˦ҾѾءһˤ˵ϣˤҺ󱳵Ļ׶ײѺۡ
Ȼȫѹҵ麣ȴûгٷڶϮһ˦ң̻ŵز˱ҹᴩĿڵĸŷ˵ˣû°ɣ
麣Ǳ飬Ȼ˾ͱԼ˻ҪӵĽ֣ȻĸȴֻЦң麣Ĺģҡҡͷ˵ģԼҲǡŮ洼ƻʵƷĸҵ֮Уٺ٣ɱҡ
ǸհԶǣ麣Ī
麣ʵߵ̫ƵģȻΣͷԸƨ
ûҲûȥܲĿڵǸ˸ǹҡҡλεֿʼʮָӡһӡɣͻȻˡһ֮˸Ľɫ⻪ѾӼҵڼ̳Ķͯӣͬһʱ䶼زҽ˼ڼ̳ϵҲʼҵز֮бĹ⻪
ס֣
²ԣҵһŭ𣬴ӵվֳŸķ˹ȥ
ʱͼӰ˸ǰͺѾҧظҵĲŰӰ˰ͺԣͰֵҲѾ׷ǣھһͬ麣͸˹ȥ
ǻûǲǣ
ۿֵٶȳԼ麣ʱ¶ݺŭ
ϣӻһãȻôӲǵƤ
û䣬麣һۣӶһ˫צźֱײ˹
ء
һ촫Ǵ˰ǵǰ̤˵ϽӲӵĵש
һأͬҵһ㳯麣һͷײ˹ȥ
Ȼֱ麣ҲȫûкֻצһԽһܣһץס˫һ㣬һΣͨһ׾پͱ麣ᵽ˵ϡ
ûֳǼܹ麣͵һĶӣһҽУǽ˶Ѿᡱһ麣һ߷˳ȥڵϴ˼ʮ׵ĹͣȴѾվվˡ
ս麣Ѿ˵ǵǰѾͲסĺɷ㳯麣ȥ麣ȻҲӭս
һʱ䣬ͼֻ͵ءҰޡɱһ˫ȫٹ˼κεķ顭
Ϲɽһ˼Ψһһֻëľս˲佫սƸߵ㣬ҡѾҲ޷ڹⳡ͵ɱ
ҺͰۻңΪ˵Ĵ̫ڼͣ°һʱ䶼֪ôȥ
Ȼ˵ɽһ֧ʽƹһսʤ˵һֱɱ·ĸħһΣվ⴦·硭
ֻƬ̣ëץסʱһѾͽݺݰ˵ϣءһϮ˽שײ÷飬ûȺ麣Ѿȫѹ˺ϣһ˺ҧ
ȥæ
һץסͰս֮ڣɸûüӽҽеĺѾ麣קһ˰գһȭ˳칬̨׾͹ȥ
Ƕһ£Ƭ֮Ĺ͵Ľëѳּ̧һ˺ӣǶüֱӰ壬ߵҲ֪м˶Уһ˫첲ѾëץӵѪģ
Ķһ麣һݣ˳ƾ˵˰ϣһ˫צӽסͬʱ˫͵һߣҲһҽбߵõ˳ȥ麣ҲѾֳ˹
麣үǶ㣡
ŭͬʱͰֵܵԲ۾ʹԳ˹ȥӭ麣ֱ塭
νֵġϽ
仰ڵȻǹƨöûеģֵڣûȰеĹ򣬾Ѿ麣òҽ˵ϣ˰
ֵһ򵹣ҵͷ类ѹһ㣬վѾ޿ˣֻܽҧǰӭżĽë麣ϡ
Ȼ˵־ŲһӵĹ麣ѾҰڵأצץûףѾõòˡ
ұ麣ڵϣվվˣһֵǶŭáܣȻѾⳡ־õսкľˣ֧һ׵ˡ
Сϲ䣿
麣צӾҵ˫ֻзֺƴ˫߬ͼȴֹǱʹצѹҵ򡭡
ٺ٣ֻҪ˵үүҴˣҾͷ㣿ô


1222 
үүү
ָףѾҵ򣬾ʹױȵѹϮҼɥʧеĶ־𡭡
ҵ־ʧض麣Цøˡ
ٺ٣˵˵ֻҪ˵үүҴˣҾͷһ·ӣٺ١
үүүүҡүү費ӣս
ҽ߬麣צһȻȴȫ;
ҷŭ麣ĿЦӵķ
Ҿ֪Сйϧѽҿɲʲôϧġȥܵظɡ
˵䣬麣צӼѹʹ·Ҫҵ˫˺ѡ
ʱĿЦȴͻȻЦһ˲䣬麣̼һϽͷ˹ȥ
ͷĹ򣬾ֿعЦ˵
ˣˣҳɹˣ
̧۳Ŵɨȥģģģֻ֮ǽɫĹ⻪Ѿͨġ
Ľ֮ڣһֱŵУڹ⻪֮УԽչԽ󡭡
ֳż̳ɨһۣʮѾðһʦӡĴߴһ̯ɫķĩľҡȷҲʼѸٵظΪһ̯һ̯Ļҽ׻𡭡
ͯҲѾӽһͬʧȥˮֵƵģѡ飬ҲѾɫ԰׵س׻˼̳ϣϢ

˻𣬺ΡΡģǾ
ʱЦŵĸѾ֮ȥ
ˡˡΥ꣬ҵĹ磬һˡ
֮ƵĽɫ⻪֮Уۡһ£Լֱ˲俪ѣһѪ˿
øոջϲ麣һϽ־˵ˣ㣬֡
£̡
ͷһЦֽ˵Ϊ˼֮ȴ֮˼ȾָأΨ겻ָߵ͹ԭǸɾģȻڹȥһΪҵ̥ʶ̥֮ʶ̥̥֮γۡǡࡢˣųΪˣҲӸɾ˰࡭
˵Ż̹̹ȥһ룬̴һ죬ڽİ³ѺۣѪ˳ѿһϸ˿ͬڸһѪһ㡭
˼۹˼ɣǽ֮ڣԴ˵õԴ֡
һͨЦѪͬѪȴȫоκεʹƵġ
һ⻰麣ҲͲסЦվ壬ʶһԼء
Ͻ͵һ½Ұ˵ϣͷŸŵ˵ˣô죿ɱǲɱ
⻰΢΢һЦɨĿ֮û޺;Ψ
αء
˰ֳ֣麣΢Ц˵ûʲôͬ㿴Ѿٴأò˶ãǾͻʹ֮ȥʱ˿ֺ̣αͽɱ¾ԭǲ壬øӵۻأ麣˵Բԣ
ˣģ
麣͵ͷعͷһЦңͻȻѹһ־Υ˵Ļ˵Сֵܣһ·֪ȫҺ޵ֱһǾ𣬺αͽأǰȷʵҲԣҲңϾҪĲͬԸΪΪս麣Ǹˣûôľ׷ľҪԶȥ˶ѣΪǵսҵȻҲԸҵ룬һֱֻܶԲסˡ
麣ֱܡ
ҽҧŭ麣ȴֻǺһЦֺٺЦ˵øһ£뿪֮󣬳˼һ˿棬ʵҸǸ
˵麣Ťͷڵһһۣ̾˿˵ȻͬͬתԶһӵĺֵܣҡҶԲסˡ
˵麣ͻȻֺԤ׵һȭҵؿϡ
ءһ͵ȭͷ̲סһѪֻû̱Ѿȫʹˡ
ᣬ麣ҲѾվתȥļǵؾš
޵ҡˡ

麣ţ˲䱻һȻĿЦУȴͻȻһزҽ麣ҲʼѿһѪۣѪһǳʵˡ
ͷԼԽѡѪȫȾֱֳۣŸ΢΢Ц˵ˣǲǺܿͻǣ
ûܿ졭
ЦЦΪѾѿʮѪۣЦԵøӵˡ
ǡܡܡ
ҳһδδӵȴصٶ
ٿˣҲţȻҲᡭ
麣֮ڣֻǶǷЦʱʱɨһԼǼƤ롢Ѫܵ壬ȴЦøӵļˡ
ʱ麣ͻȻˣⶫҪء
˵Ż麣һצּ̧侹ȻһצӴ̽ԼĶʱ۵õһ
ţͼ麣צӻԼĶƤģѪУһͻȻէ֡
ˣ֮ǰ±ˮٱǶߣ԰ѽұ棬Ǽ⽣ʱ򻹸ˡ
⻰ص˵ͷһֽӽһЦ˵ǰˮ֮꣬ǰٿһ۰ɡ
˵еĽȴͻȻֱ麣˻ȥ


1223 
ʲô
һ㶣Ц̽Ӳϡ
ٿ麣ȴػЦ˫ֽ߬ŸıˮٺһЦ˵ˣ֮ǰһ¸㲻ף
ݺݶ麣ĬĬ
麣ǲΪֻЦ˵ˣղ˵֮ǰٿһۣô˵⽣ע޷񾳿ҸɴٵԼַ
麣˵˫ֽ߬ˮͼ۶ϵıͶ⶯ȴϵŵøһһҪ
ҪΪʲôҪ
Ȼ麣ʳ仰ʱȴֽٲڣǱ鼰ѿ
ٺ٣˰֮ǰһֱи²ⲻ֪ǶǴҽһ¡
麣ۣۿŸıԽŤѿϵЦȴˡ
ٺ٣ˣǣ֮˶԰ɣԲһֱˮԼĿУáŮ洼ƻԼʵƷҲ⡭
ɫ԰ף麣꣬ĬĬףԭ飬ڻš
Ȼյͷ麣ȴҡҡͷЦ˵ˣҿɣ֮ˣΪʲôñˮ࣬ʹ׹Ԩʱ˲ŶԣҪȻʬ屻ҵΪʲôҲᱻأ
麣˵ʱɫԽѿ
Ȼ麣ûбԼ죬ЦǺ˵Ͳ֮ˣûĹݱȾ㣬ԲԣҪ㣬Ҫǿűһ̴ģȴѾıˮһ̴ˮ̫͸Ƶƹ˼ǹݱ˽ⲻΪ˾㣬ù㱻̴˱ˮڣҲ˵ˮġ
üͷĸҧضݺʵ麣㣬˵˵ЩʲôЩǾݱȸģ
ٺ٣ݱȵȻЩʱһֱڹɽϣͱˣܲʲôܣֻǶΨǴӰɣϸѰһڵʯ̣ݱȱ֮ʯ̣Ϊ⿪Ϲ࣬Ұܴ󣬶һʯ֮ϿŵģǾݱΪ㻻ĵḶ́Բԣ
鶯һ£ȴδ˵
麣˵Ҽǵ㽫ԼʵƷŮ洼ƻʱȻңڹɽָħޣôôɵʵ飿ܼ򵥣ֻǽʵֻҪָӣľ֮ڽڵڣʹ󹦸ˣһ֪һ£ǾԭͲڣʵӲʵ鶼һģҪԼʵƷĿĲתԼΨһ㣬ڣݱȵĿơݱǸڶȻ㱧ͬĸȴһֱƣŮ洼ƻͼѾݱȣĳɹˡһԭľݱȣʧȥԭ塢Լ͹ɽħ޵ȨΪ쵼ˣݱֻɵɽŽǵΪһţԲԣ
麣㵽Ҫʲôݺŭʡ
ٺ٣ˣһġŮ洼ƻʵƷ֮ͬԼ꣬űˮᣬҲͻᱻͷųӶǰ񾳵õǰ˽ľ֮ȱݻٵĻôӦþͻᡭ
麣㵽Ҫʲô
Ȼһŭ׷ŭˣԲ۾ܲѪ˿
ҲʲôˣʵһˣŻѡҳΪİ֣ͬݱѡһ𣿡
麣һЦеıˮ˵ݱѡΪ£͸ڶҰȴ㲻ĳھݱ֮£Ů洼ƻԼңҲĳ֮¡
麣δ䣬ȴѴžһһ˫Ƥצ͵һۣеϹˮ׾ٵؾͱһΪΡ
ʱ䣬ɳĽɫ⻪תƮɢ
۾ֱǱ۶ϵıˮ͵һ죬ȴѾ㵵˵ˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ
ҡҡͷԼ۾
麣ΪʲôҪҡõõҪһСҶܸ㡭ڳɹԸΪʲôΪʲôȴҪҡ
ٺ٣ΪҰģһҰģҰĵĴڣ麣ܸԸһֱ֮أȷʵһУһֱԸҲΪҵջʵ̫ôĺһˣôܰ˹أٺ٣Ǹˣ麣ĳ̫ͬʿ࣬ȴĲԸκͬ󡭡ԣݰݰš
麣һЦһɣضϽžડһ͵˵ϣһΣҲѲʡȴ̱ص˵ϡ
麣һŲס壬ء˵˵ɵĻҲһ޹ؽҪġǾӺôҲǽǻ콭ģгرҵ磬赱ȻҪٺ٣ӵҲǸˣҲƢ
麣麣
ſڵϣջΪһŭǳȴųһ˿ؿЦ
Цݺܿ콩ӲϣۡһѾѪģʱ䳹׷飬ڰ֮תԸԳġǡȴδԸԳġһ̻ҷ𡭡
֮⣬̲סһЦ
Ƿ̣Ϊһˣȴձŵ˱ɱŭκˣȻȴ֣һнһЦֻأע


1224 ɱ
һӵ룬ȻҲҪһܡ
˵Ż麣תֳ˹ۿԼֵߵڵϣƤѪܵģȴȻЦЦ÷·жȫѹһɡ
ֵǣذ
ѾƤ˫ֱ֣ȭ
ʤٺ٣һˡ
˵⻰תӣŸĵطȥǰѾͬһŵĸ֮ţȻš
麣˫ֱضԽԽţͷɨԼ壬ѾһƤˡ
ѿ˺۽ȫ°ģ£µ﷢麣ԼҲ򱻡˺顱ʹ鴤Ƿһʹ
ٺ٣ò˶ãò˶Ҿܵõ
麣ʼЦЦޱ£ĿһС
麣
ұ͵һŭ𣬺֮Уѵǰе麣һձעתͷ
ѾĿȫǣѪܵġޱȵϣֳһ˿ѵһĻš
Ϊشӵϣ
麣ôż뿪
ڵϺһţҡҡλεվŤͷΧɨȥҲֵܣԼҲƴȫҧصشӵ
ӶЦȻ麣þʹ̣Цˬʡ
СҪ
麣ĪؾֵܼûЦԽԽԽԽ⣬·ͬһ㡣
Сʲô
ĨǵѪͻȻֳһЦһ֮һЦֺǺ˵룬ĸһ
˵ŻŤͷ磬磬ʲô
ٺ٣ģҲĲ࡭
һͷҲѾӵˣʵιأ
ʲôû룬Ƕǵġ
ǲԡ߶߶ĶԻ麣ϵľʧøͻȻüͷһʡ
ιǵҪʲô
ʲô
ֵǻͷ麣һЦ֮󣬼ͬһʱ䣬ӭŵķʹ˹ȥ
㣡
ǲҪ
ۼֵܼ˼ͬһʱţ麣ŵòһ֮ٶһιǶҪſɻ˺ǵģ
˺鲻ǸãҲ볢ʲôζ
һЦܵøˣֵҲӭڵĽһͷ˹ȥ
С
ǰۿžҪʱͻȻͷůůһЦ
̤һ˼ټС㣬ټˣܺʹһصһ̣㲻𣿡
ôֻ࣬ɷ麣
ҿЦųţ䣬ѽüҼ֮ܽС
磡
룬ۿѾǰͷһɨ磬绹ڵϣһȫѾˡ
磡֮ǰҰ£ҲˣֵǻزˣǵðҺúչС㣡ֱһ̡
ˡһû䣬Ѿ֮УڵĽ˲佫Ұס
󣬺硢ѾĿᶨسڡ
û֮վȽŸһɾʹۡһѾȴմ̧סԼһѾѪѪģѪ˿Ѫ
̤ţҲ
ǵѾʼ𡭡
Ƕˣˣ
ۿֵǽţ麣õԲ۾Գڵز֪롭
ѵҲҪѵҲ뵽ȥ帣
麣û䣬ҳ嵽ǰ͵ؾһȭءһ麣õ˵ϡ
Ӳ룬еǣɲô
ҺٺһЦѿ˺Ѿ˼
ĨһϻѪֺٺһЦ˵磬ôҪ𣿾õĵطֻһˣʲôأ
ĲҪ壡Ҫȥ
麣ȻͰѴһν麣ͨһߵõ˵ϡ
麣ѡΪһУû˸УҺܶ࡭
һͷ⣬ɱɲϡ
ʧȥ˸ƵħǣͬʱҲʧȥսĿ꣬ĿʼɢȻĿǣʼ
еһУǱ뱳ģҲǲԸʧȥġ麣ǺĲͬ
ΪʲôҪ̤ţ
˵麣һԾ͵һѽڵأһȭȭϣʱҲѾΧ˹ڿѵһ˺ۣƴ麣ˣһ˺ҧ
Ϊǵûɣ麣ڻǷ֮ǰɱ˵Ҳ֮ǰɱ㡭ôӵ
ǡȺӣɱǣ
ҵĻ麣ʧأŭͼ͵һ˫ۣɫĹ⻪˲Ѫģըݺŭǣɱ˺ҧҲѾȫ˷˺ѵ屻麣˴˿ڣĿ麣ϣеĿѾֻһ
ͬھ
ⳡյľսѾȫûκεļԿԣֵŭţţ˺ѵľʹһδ麣һδαһδվٶȷܲײȭǰ޿ƥеĽë꣬Ҳѱòôˡ


1225 Ӧˬ
ԺһδĻ棬СİۣүڴĿ⣬ĸùôЦ
ҵļУסÿһ޲ö˲Ժйһ飬˵
նСЦ֮ϣůЦջ⹴ĵ׵һ˿ˡ
С
͵һͷ麣ײڵأѪܵĹﻹûٶȴӵͬѾ˺ѵŤѪҺٺһЦ
Сǲˣ
⻰ҵ˵ͷûлش
ǰˣ֪顣
̤ţһж޷ٸı䣬Ѿע
ΪѪ󲿷Ѿ˺飬ëʵȻ˲٣Ҳмȫǰɱ
Ȼ֮أ
ܣҲ֮˺÷飬걻ǿƴڣʹԶȥ
Ȼˣһֿܣûΰ롣
ɱ麣屻ȫ˺ǰţӴ֮󣬾̤һĴһı˺֮࣬ʹཫһֱ
ҵǣƺζǲԶˣսڽǵУܻŻȥһܵʹأ
ʱһδĺٺЦ
СǶе㼤ؽ
ʲô
ͻȭ麣ϣȭͷڿ˦һͨʱԼѪҲͬһ˦Ʈɢ
ԱߺٺһЦ
ȻΪһθǶûбκˣûߣٺ٣Ƕǲǽˣ
ˣǽˡ
ҲЦһ죬ϵ˿ڸˡ
ʱ䣬ǳ֮ǰڵʱ˵ǷԺлص
СˣҪ麣ɹ𣿡
ȻȻǻô
ҲҪмֵڳȥѰ·ֵҲ᲻صظһϣͬ·
ǰͬ·ʱ֮Уû˿η壬ǰδġ
ǵôҵһʼƲһ˲֪ٴΣǶֻϹ޸ʧ
ֻǸʧޣȴһδδ벻ľϲ
һ·ǳɳԼȻҲڲϵĳɳɡ
麣
һ˻𣬳Űǲס麣Ĺ͵һ¾ʹȥ
Ū㣡
ءһͻϮջǱ麣ƻ˵麣һȭʹٶȵ¡

麣ûתҸϽʹ˸ɫҿͬһʱ䱧ס麣һ˫첲
жͰҲֱ麣ȣεؽ˫Ҳ˵ϣα麣ɳȥҲѾײײس麣Ϸײ˹
ûõģɱң
麣͵һŭ˫һ𣬰һŽҵһηĸȫײ˳ȥ
Ѿǰδȴͷ䣬ֻѾ麣ײ˹ȥ
麣˫Ѿֻʣ¹ͷ˫͵һӣѪҷɵͬʱһ˫ѾȻ߬סĽǣһŭ𣬽ˤڵء
麣ǰһֻӦϣͨһˤڵϣѾվվˣƬ֮ٶĺ磬׾ٵؾͱ麣һ߬ס˲ӣ˰С
Ĳ˵ǡҵĶ֡
䣬麣ͻȻһ˦첲ءһѱݺˤ˵ϡ
ʱ䣬һѪӺŽ񡢽ϹȷѪ֧бĹ⣬
ȥү֧͵Ϯӣٺ٣ҷ𣡡
麣ҧһŭ˵̧žϲȣ磬Ѿû˷Ӧ
ӣͦס
ʦͬţȻȣȻΪ˺ѣһѩ׵ĳҲѾȫѪȾ졭
ͦͦס
ͼȥȺ磬ûվȣȴѡͨһˤڵء
ѾϾ˼ô࣬ҡҡλε麣ҪȺ磬ȴ̧첲ʹˡ
Ȼ麣ȴѷӱϮ͵һһѾ߬סҵĲӣͬոնԸƵģңൽ˰ա
С˵Ǻοأ
麣ٺһЦ˵ʱԭµϣѾһƤˣȫһЦá
˵ģģҾκ˷ǷҪٺ٣Ҳֻǵҷ֮ǰɱ
ǿһ첲ͼ麣ջ̱
ðɱҡҸҵֵǡڡһ𡭡
ҺٺһЦ˵ȴû
Ȼ⻰һ˵꣬麣ϵķŭȴͻȻʧ˲١
ٺ١һЦ߬ҵĺץҾͳŵĹȥ
ҵתȥ泯ţֳ̧Ź֮һָҿһƬޱ߼ʵĲԭ
̲ƣɾ
ҸıˡС㿴ǹ񾳣ѽƫƫֲˣҪµһ𵽹ȥٺ٣ʹңô
麣ڲɱҡġŹ㡭
ɱ𣿹
ָ̧ϵѪҲѾڽİ֮ȫȥʼ𽥻Ϊɻң֪ԼҪɹˣǰ
֪ǣ֮ڣɾ֮ʱиҡҡλΡҡڵشӺ泯߹һֻ̾һֻץſשѪ硭
Ϣͣ麣ıһֶۣǰǸѪģĺ죬ͻȻһָۣĺ׶ʹ˸ɫ˼ǣøһɵƾ麣
Ȼ麣ŲӣһǼѵصͷȴѾ˵ˡ
ҵͷһҲûû˵שԴġ
麣Ū㣡
žһש˲麣Դϣ麣ûԤϵֱӵ£ǸѾ˴󲿷Ѫ⡢ѪܵԴưĵ˲ӣࡱڵҹ
ԴưȥʮԶͣ麣ͷĵһ̣Ҳ̱ͨһڵϣҲˤ˳ȥ
ֵܣٳŻ
糯°ͣתü۾ͳ麣Դ˹ȥǿѪģͷϣʱһ˫֮ڵۣҲֱض翴
ϡ㡭
ʲô㡭
죬ߵ麣Դǰ澹Ȼְͷ˳ֱӰ麣ͷˡ
磬о仰˵ĺãоƽϱ˭˯ϱ˭˯ùܣʲôģϻ죬һֻڼһֻڵôҪ𣿡
麣ֱֻض磬Ĳʹࡣ
ָ̧麣ıӣֺٺһЦ˵㱳ֵܣʰ㣬㿴զⲻӦˣҲ˱Ѻʹ˼ûʲôģҲͻ˰ɣﹷƨǵ˼䣬һȴĺܺãǾǡӦˬ
ֳڣѾվһžͲȥžꡱһ麣ͷ­ȵ÷飬ֻӶ˳ʼҹ
һҲѿ壬תֳ˹һ°غٺЦ
ֵܣߣۻؼҡ

絣ҵĸ첲ҴӵϷһַֻ米˱ϣͬһϢͰҼȻһڵסβͣѵǰƶ
Ҳү
ǱǶֱ͸κƵģǵϻʱʱѿһ˺ۣըһѪǵƻҪأصоˡ
δǷ£һߴǳżƶһװƵ˵
ֵܵģýѧ麣
ȻھʮԶĵطȴصˣһҲˤſſعһء


1226 Ҫһ
С
һɣźǰó
ſڵϣȫ޷Ųֺģģ̧⣬үСˣŴܹ
ҵߣĵһӦǡٺ١Ц
ģĵӰػдС˵أԮһ̲ŵ
绰һڣǶ͡һЦ
ЦѾΨһĶˡ
ȥ
ͻȻһŭǸɽĴ
һ칬һȺ˶Ȼֹٽӽŷֺ
үǵűһסǣȻҲЩ֪ˡ
ʱֻܹĴ־
ҪٿһҾΪһŵԼʹ࡭
仰үޱػͷɨһۣڡ
ô˼䶼ˣǻܻ˶ãѵ濴ǷǶ𣿡
˵ŻүǰߣȻͻȻִһ
ȵȣ
ǳ¹
үÿǲûϣϾС
סڣ
¹Ļû˵꣬ѱүŭֹ
¹һ㶣Ͻ죬ûټ˵ȥС㡱֣ȴؾ̧ͷ֮ˣٺһЦ
үҵġҵС㡭ء
үɨһۣûңֳų¹һȺ˵ЩˣҵĵӣҵѣҵĶˣǻ𣬻Ǽתȥ޹أҲܷǲܡ
û䣬үѼᶨ֮УȻسǵķ˹
Ľ𽥽סءһһѪѴӵүļը۵õүüȴδͣ½Ų
ǿɲѺ͵ӣҵġ
һЦӵү󴫳үͷһȻҲѾײײ߽ţ˫ȻģŵЦݣȴԶ׼
ģǧѩޱ飬һ˫۾ֱֱضԵ磬δ뿪

Ⱥóһ·ߵǰСԼ첲СͷǿĶ㡭
һۣٺһЦ
С׼û

˲δ˵һ仰֮벽ţ˱ģһ˫˫ʧ񡭡
ͽǣҳסס
ǰүѾֻʣԶӵȻȲ硢Ⱥֻ߳ʮĹѾըһĴսвƵĵۣѾȫȾѪɫ
ȻŲסˣȻͽŲȻᶨ˵ǻ֮󣬻ǡͨһ̱ڵأȴֱ׷ֵ˻ţǰߡ
šҳš
ү塭
Ҳ֪ģҵ嶼챻˺ѵøо˿ʹˣȴоԼۿʼᣬˮѪ䣬ҵ߸ģˡ
ʦˣߡȥ
ۿ϶ʦıԵͺͿʼʧʹʼ˻ŭü˶조ôҶٽЩȴֹǵĲ
ֻǣһ˵ҪŲסˣ˿ʼţǡ
ãÿ鰡
¹һۣҲѼ˽ȻĵŻûУǴÿ£û߳ԶƤϵļ˺ѾŲˡ
Ķ˻ǲǣǶǹŸͣģûô
Ҳϵŭȴ;
ֵͦ︮ܣ׹̵ֵܣͨ࣬Ϊ̰ǼᶨͽŲоܿó
ܿ죬үȳ嵽ǵǰʼѵؽǴӵϷ󣬰֡ǧѩšεȸ˾ۼ˹Ȼ嶼֮б˺ѣǲϽǴӵʼײײϴקŴŲ
죡
֮ǰһȺֵȻ֮⣬鼱֮ȴ˽ƴǣ˼ɿѵƤͼӦ
һؿʼڽӦǣǵק
һ˶ڷǰţ֮һ󻶺ȸԾ
ȻˣĿȴδͣסͬ鼤ĴҡҡͷȻû˵ҵȴף⿪ѽΪõ䣬ֱǳɱ
Ȼֵǵ˸Ժɫ
ңȳź󣬽קү֣ʳĵһ仰ǡ
үСء
Сүԥˡ
ңСأΪʲôСһֱûг֣ҲܵģСأ
ɽ£
ҵһ֮£̲סһŭȻڵͬʱҲѾȻ¡
⻰֮ҵĵһӦײȺͼɽȥ
ɻûԶүȴұһŭ𡪡
һ£
ٶһ㶣ͷʱͼү͵͵Լᣬʵ̧ͷ˵ССо仰ҪҴ㡭
ʲôˣ٣˵𣿡սսطʣȻһɲĸоȴĵȽ
ɵүȴֻҡҡͷҪڣһѴߴүҲٶʧء
ҸϽʣүʲôأ㵹ǿ˵ѽ˵СأҵСأ
ˡ


1227 ɱ
ֱͬҵĵףҲ֪Ϊƹأģҵ͵һΣԺ֮˲һƬհס
⻰ֻס˵ı飬ҲȫӲˡ
һĳڣ͵һŭ𡪡
ƨأɽʱСúõģҪǲҪ߬ҵ˵Լһ𣡡
үͷ˵ʧأΪʹĿ
Լֵܵļ˫۾ɨһۣ˵СӣֻǲνʵɣȻҲǲŵõϢϾҵŮұʹ࡭
壬㣬˵˵ʲôأʲʲôνʲôʲôʵĽʲôʵҷŭ
Сһ㣡
ҲҺǣȴƺһҪӵļ
ʱŵԴ
СͲҪΪˣո˵Ĳ㻹Ҫӵʹ࣬ǿŮ
үѾ޵ҸϽܵԣֱţô£㵹ǿ˵ѽ
ã㲻֪ʲôνҸ㣡
һۺ
麣͸õȷʵвʣվҪģ̧ͷúÿա
̧ͷȻԹֲ
ѣûע⵽ǻԹѲǴӿӵ𽥸ڸ߿֮۳ɺһ㣬ͬκ˵Ĵһ㣬ζšš
ͬˮԹ˳Թķϸһע⵽һɽŵķεضһ޴磬ƺڲϵԹ
ĲǸǽë麣ǽǡ
Żһڣһʣ˭ֹİ˭ܣ
һ˿ԡ
үʵٶȴ̱عڵϣǰδе
Сԡ
㣬˵ʲôү˵ʲô
˵Сԡ

С㣡ӣƭҡƭҡ
ʹѣѾֹҷɽŵĲ
ɽɽµսʵδɽħȻڸɱʧȥ˿ƣȻħıȴǴʹǼĿĵս
ĿĻеġ

ʧȥͳһָӵħվѾ̫вˣү˳칬ʱսѾõѹƣʣµģֻʣˡ
ȻˣʵжָƵ飬ϾϹ䱻Ϊս񡱡Ϊ˼ħѾǻˣʲô޷ܵأ
ȻˣȻħɱħڵĸ꣬һΪС㣬ΪħȴȻδ˱ܡ
ԭΪȴ֪ǵʱһ֮ŮⱣס
һУҶڹ
ɽʱСүҵǷһֱҵԺвϵĻص
ȶ̵ģңͺúûȥңҺúûȥ佫ڣС㣬ȴԶߣ
С㣡Ҳү
嵽ɽţӳǲ֪ʲôʱĸ߸ߵķ̨̨ϣһҵغɫ磬ԹһƴؽһɹɵԹק桭
̨ΧΧһȺˣÿ˶׹ۣ̽ŷ̨ķϥݵڵء
ǰҴ
һҳȥһȺ׹̽Χ˹˵·ǰ
ҹ
ָŴͷ˱һŭƿͼǰȴ⵽ε
㲻ȥȥǴ˾һҪס㡭
˸ӣҹ
һͨͳ壬·׹̽ƺҲȥңҪȻĻһˣҲܳ忪Χ̨ϡ
˷̨ǰһͼ̨Χ׹̽ڣ̨мλãϿһ޴̫ͼѾŮ϶ΪһС㣬ң̫ͼУȴһˡ

С֣߬Ǿ޴еġȴ˵ͷϿա
С㣡Ҫ
һŭ𣬾ǰ壬ȻûȳԶӱܹļ׹̽ڣѾǿнҰ˵ϡ
Բ𣬴˾ǡס
ͷһ˵ݵڵأСѾӷ̨м䴫
סҲãȻʹ࣬վи˶ϡ
˶ϣ˶ʲôС㣡ҽ㵽ڸҲ׼ɵ£
ȶ̵ģⲻɵ£ұ¡
һֱң˵ʱ΢΢תͷһ۾ɨǾӨ⣬һĨεЦݡ
ȶ̵ģԲ𡭡ΪС㣬ΪŮҶĿ类𡭡
С㣡˭ֹ飡˭ܣ
ȴ׹̽ڵֻſڵϡ
ܡ
СĻ˿Įͳ
ȷʵûֹƹضĽǣȴɱħΪϹݻԹûʵ壬ոƹءʱͼϰʱһħ֮УΪħһǵĻ
С㣬ⲻܵģûôǿķǽǣɲ˵Ļǣ
һûУۼһĻ
С˵ʱĿɨΧЩڣŤͷ΢΢һ£˵һ֮ͿɲЩϰֻ֣ҪŮ֮󷨣һȺڸϵĻҪսҲûпܡ
Ǻð͸Һúһ𣡡
Բҡ
ֻ̧ʮָա
ħо֧ţԽǿʵԽǿѾħںϣֻܿħħ
ԭأ⻰ʱԺСˡһ
Ȼʱͼ壬˳˽˫СڣգʣСһ˻Ƿ̨мλãͷҲصرҡ
Բȶ̵ġ佫ڣС㣬ȴԶߣֻǿϧϧⱲӡܼ޸ˡ
ͻȻعͷ۾һЦ
һһХŴӿдҽУһźڹʱӿնСڣͬһʱ䣬ִ¡һ죬֮ؼĺԹ˲ըɢ
죡ɱң
һŭͻȻСʱըɢһ͵غ̡
ں̵İ֮£忪ʼҵŤ鴤ʱʱЦһ˫ԭ峺Ĵ۾Ҳ𽥱һڹǡ
ɱҡɱҡ


1228 
С˻УΧһȺ׹̸ˢˢСڵĵطȥ
¶С㣬ڷ̳мС˻š
죡ɱңһǡһܿɱҡɱҡ
ȻôţȻһȺ׹̽潫ΧмʱʧصСȴ֮˦ڹ⣬һҽȻӷ̨мλôȥĽǽ£аѱСһ
С㣬ʱ˿̣ħѾ벻ĳƺˡ
һȺ׹̽ڲסƵСʱҵײײȥקסһ׹̽ھʵ⵽ô£ڸʲô
ǣǴ˾
ǽսս˵˾ԸȣǳɹħУΪ꣬Ҳһ޷ƶãͻᱻɣĻ롭ǣɹս֮һҪһʱѽͬһɱһдۣΪֻħ׻𣬽ǲһ𱻻𡭡
ǻʯһ㡣
ԭԴŮһɱħȴħʱʼѾΪ˼׼
Ȼǣ˶͹˽ǵʵ˵Ѿʶ㽫ǱħҪɱҲһѵ飬Ϊ˼䣬վҪðһԡ
ͻȻЩˣΪʲôүֹɽ
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