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ҹڵҹܲǱڵס¶һ˿Ĺ
Ľֵһ˶ûСֻŭŵҹ磬ϵĳɳͷ·ƣҹţһߣһǱߡȴղĵطԵø
һƬͩĿҶҹбһ˽ֵϣҶƬžžĴŵܸ֡Ӻڰҡĵͷ֨֨ҹ紫ԶǽϷŵèֻצץסǽָؿǽУԼڷţҵһĿڸˡ
ʱһӰڽֵһͷҡҡλεֵȥлʲôСŲǻ㣬ƮƮġʱߡ
ƬĴŵֵͩҶӱˡ·ƻָ˸ղŵȡƵĵƹ˵ϡһĿıӣһںڻƵİƬᱡ촽һ˫С۰աӵһĨΣȻǺ˺ܶľơһֱߵ·Ƶ档·Ƹˣ⿪ӣˮ˷С
ֱˮֹͣ˶ͷ̣򡣺ٺ٣еڶ򣬿ӺЬѾʪһƬ˻Ȼ֪ŲɵСȥ
߹˲ãһģӰҲ·ɹ·ȴûӰӡǵӰɿȴզůĴҹһɭһҽ˺ҹܿûڷĺХСûע⵽ҹҹ˯˯
ˣҲͣƮϸꡣν͡ĳִصϡǵĻưߡһл峿ļžӿСڵһԺֻһ˹ڴԺϡϵ·һߡ·һĻһƤϵһƤˡڷУѪڵδδš۵ļѪܿƤӴûһĵۣƺǲƤǷڵϵ·Լ˵ġϵƤչƽڵϣѪˮһ򡣾Ȼϡԭģ
ֵǣûмֱĳ棬׷˳һʱ䣬Ż֮ڶֱ˵ŴһС
еĻңơСӵ˵ǵڼˡ˵ʲôʱô顣һȺͰͰ
ŵļñӣͷȴСˡһƨһһСӣڨЦŸĲ豭ˮĵ˵ϢŭȱˮСٺ١ССһۣһ֡˵ǿˣһǱг顣һǱƶǡһ˿Դһ⣬ֶһƤġ˵Ƥǵˡһ㵶۶ûУѵһ
һϳŴӵ̧ͷƲ˵ǰûϿǿƤģƤˮ棬ͺǼһһŵʬ壬ͺһ
ŴӿӵӣСһӣұ죡˵ЩʲôҲҸ֮ڰָҵҲһǵƤҹ
ӱͣ˵ʲôǿСǿɱ˵ҡҡͷżһ֣˳ȥֻʣСһڻ
ż˳ȥԼ˵缸ô죿һҲ̫רҵˡɱ˷ҵҲץ
һ۾ļһ˵ɲֱƵýǿô죿
룬˵ʵڲУҲֻӦˡ
˿˿ӣʵôӦ
ӺٺһЦô˵߰ɡȥȵ㣬˵¡
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ƹУѾԺץһСڳݲ˵ﵹи취֪вС
۾Ƭ۾Сһࡣʲô취㲻˵˵ڶˣ㻹Ҫ׾
һб۵ĶƱһںȵˡȴһߵӴһ£ģ㣬˵ҵľôûءҲԼоƸʲôϺҵġ
б۵бۿ˿ŷԼǱƸûжһںԼľƣ˵˵ɣθˣհˡ
ҲԼľˣͷ˵ǿ˵ɣѾϷˡٹ죬ҿ͵ðŪ
ۣѹ룬ܸɵôȻרҵġ
ûסӼ˵רҵģרҵЩģ˵ɱģ
бһӣˣǾȥЩɱġ
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бûףǲô죿
Ӹбһף졣˵ꡣ
Ӽѹ˵ϷӵǸͬһɱĻƶС޹ʣסǸͬǸɱġٺ١
۾Ƭ۾ʵ˼ǡǰ
ӵ˵ͷʱ̿ʣֻҪˣǾͿԽˡ
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ɱĻƶڴ˵ȻһƽʱҲǳĬԡӳú׶ҪΪʮ㣬Щ˶ȥ⡣
˵ƶץˣ˵֡ʼ۷׷סƶеһ֡ǽ˼ĻƶӲĽܼ̿ʣһ仰Ҳ˵ʲôڹϻѺһʱ伸Ҳûа취ۿżƶĥ˲˹ǾǲУҲнʮ͹ʮáʮĴӺб۾͵ηŻƶãһǰһ˲һ
ֻƶվηм䡣۾ͷͷϴһľ̫Ѩ̫̽Ѩǹӵ˶ûһѪѾĲˡ˴󾪸ϽСֻƶǽϾȻѪдһġԩ֡Żƶŵ۾ľѣϽ˶˹۾˿˵ҲãҲͦáֻһôģﲻб˽Ҫ˵ɱҲɱİ
о˺һҲоȻֻϱ˵ǻƶηɱҲͲ֮ˡȻƶǽˣɱ˵¼ûн˲ãӾ˼Сͷˡֹһӣ۾ƬͷļУƶǡ˾ֵֵң顣б۱ڳϣϵƤˣһߣַ쳣СҲڼУһġһ鷢֮󣬽ͷβĴԸˡ˵ʲôĶУ˵ƶͲɱ˵ˣɱ֣¶ˡҲ˵Ǽ˶ǱƶĹɱġ˵ƶǵ̾תĻ˵ġһʱΣҲǲ֮Ϊһͷ


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ЦЦϣͲܳһ㡣ҽʲô
˽첨ִָֺǶϣҵͬѧй̾ӵ̽Ա
ܵҵߣץϵ̣óһ֧ˣһڡҺϾĿŴϣЦ³һʱ䷿̲ݵϵҲƺƽ˲١
վԴ˵ôҴҵǾΪ˲һ̵İɣ
ֺݺݵһڣ˵Ȼǣó顣˵˵Ҳǲ鰸ӣҲ鰸ӣΪʲôܳôọ̃
ҡҡͷ㻹ûеϢֲһǽΪȻҪôࡣи徭ãԸӯȻҪԾΪ
ϺٺٵЦٸҿñˡûˡ
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Ұ˴һۣϻֲɡ֪ôˣӣ˵
Ϩͷ˵˵ӵķϣѪµ˵Ƥεˡ·һķڴϡûƤ壬ҡҡλεģûһ㵶ĺۼͺ֮ǰԼƤȻϵġ
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е㲻ˣҺ˵أ㷢ʲô
ҵĮ̇ϡóһ֧̣ϣȴûеϡʴϵֳô
˵Ǹ˽һ˾ס޹ʡĺԺֻ᷿һһšŴ֮ǰǴϵġҲֵ顣˽ȥɱˣٰŴϵġֺԲɱΪû˿ԼԼƤ˵أ
˰ΣʵֳƬ𣿡
ϵ˵ͷӿڴͳһƬҵǰһһŵϸ
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ٿƤƬӹ졣ҴûֻƤҲԿ˵ģͷüëõƤϡ۾ĵطڶģëҲƤϡƺ䣬ǿſžһֲĸо
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Ͽҿ棬Ҳ˵һͷֱ̣ҵͷ̧ʵôʲôо
ҡҡͷӣ̾ӵ顣ҿûӣ˵ʵҪ⣬ҿƬ³ˡ
ϺһǿһĻᣬҲûȻϵܼ򵥡ҲûʲôǮûжʲôʵҲɱԭ㵽롣
ҰƬŵϣЦһ磬ֻǸ˽̽ˣ׽׽飬ѰʲôУ°Ҳң
ϺһǶѧġĳɼõġ㲻Ը⵱죬ҲͬѧǸǰɣ벻𣿡
ҡҡͷҵȻЩΪ죬참ǽġһʵɱ˰ֻм֣ҪΪǮҪΪ飬ֻǼɱˣٻǾɱˣоǿֲϮˡȻӶЩһʱҲûͷȴеӺڿġʵ¼еİЩϵʮİֻʲôϵأҲò׼ȻҲ˵
Ͽҡͷһ˼ӣΪʲôҵļ򣺡˼·롣
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´ǰλˡװʡӦһ൱ɹʿе㲻ףŲΪʲôҪͨŮû˵ʵܲ˵˵ʱ
ΰ˵ͷ˵ʮǰʱҵȥˡҴҵСŮСڳ;վҸҵŮңȥ˲һ֮ҵŮͲˡҵŮֽʱһɫСӣСӣһ˫۾ǿɰƤװ׵ģСģɰˡ
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飬һ㶼벻ˡߵ칫֧ƱµĿ˿Ǿò˼顣ȻҲˣһǾȰǮ˵
ţһС꣬һڡд֧Ʊ˳;վվѾʮˡȻ£ǵַûбһʮǰʧСңʹĳɹһġҲûʲôϣֻҲûʲô£￴
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˴ϵĻҾһ㶡ʵ˵ʲô
أֳˣµһһͷİӡӳѾˣ淢Ƣ
ֻ˸ͷĻҸûȥҶǶӳôƢһ㶼ģԭҵһĿ֣Ҳ˲䱻ɢˡôҲ벻ʲôʱƲ߹ϡ˵һ󣬴ûʵô֪ģ
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˺ܾãԴˣҲ벻Ȼ̾˿Լһ衣һ̡֧Լڲˮڵк̵СǻûʲôͷͻȻҪǸջƵĹӡȻ벻ͨͱˡץ绰һͬѧΰ˸绰
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СҾ뷨뷨һʣʼھҡֱʮʱһλµϼҡһɽץУһšڱ£üĿһįվ￴ڿЦЦӣڸɶϣһشץСأ
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ְǸ֪ʶӵȻЩ˵ʲôҲҪҵϵҽԺȴǼͶҽˣôҲûгϣһԡʱ̴һϹһֻ۾˽Ψһ۾˿ңһߣĵ˵˼䡣̰˶˳ȥֻҺǸ۵ף˵㣬ֻ˷æ˺һӣŰѷˣŵһʢˮСҺˡûãҵվˣҲٺˡ˯ˡ
ڶ죬ҾȻʲôǵˡЩ룬Ǻҵġȥ̣ȴһԲԸ顣ҴԺϰֵ̬Ҳת䣬ȻŹ֮˵ҲٷҶЩ֡ȥǸ۵ףȴˣҲ֪ȥˡ̵Ǿ߶һˣ˴Ʊꡣϧϧ
ȻҲǵ飬Ҷڹ֮˵Ųɵġ֮ͬѧ˵Щ飬Ƕ˵Ҵ⽨šҲͲˡͻȻҲе˼ͰƤǾã˵ġ
ʵ̫졣ѵй飿˼ţ绰ҸϽץ绰Ͳдΰ¬Ϊ£ҿɷѿİ
ЦЦٺ٣ͬѧ㲻˭ңԷʲô֡
ΰһǿͶ֧Ʊ
ĵ˵ģ˵ԺʡԺʡ
ȴĺͿӡЦΰ˵̫˷Ӳࡣֻһ˷
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תһ룬־Щԡǹӣ˺Ϊʲô֡ΪʲôҪķнͷİӣʲôϵѵȥҲǹӣҵУҰԼʵһһ㶵ġͽˡʱ洫ΪǴˣɿ˳ȥȴھӴ硣ЦŶ˵¬ıֽŴˡŵҼˡǰˡ
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ϵ˵ͷðҰɡҪֳ飬ҪСʦãʱԸܽܡ


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뵽үүүүӳҵԺСүүڿǸӵֳʱЩʲôҲʲôûдǸСͻȻүүмռǵϰߵġдռмӡүүȥ֮󣬶õȥˣҿԵң˵ʲô˼ţʼʾˡҿ˿ԣһѾͼƬˡҵ㿪ļԵĻϳѪȵĳ档ȻҵĵҲǹˣҲĳ档ҹһ˿ͼƬǸеЩ
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ΰ˵ҵʱҲǲ鿴ʱ˳ĿһۡͬǸŮˣҲǰޡʱǱץǾܲģӲԼ⣬ҲٱˡŶһﵱʱˣ˵Ҫȥǰޡ֪Ϊʲôǰ޾Ȼˣ˾ԺӦûھԺأ
ҸոеȺģƫˡǻеϣ׷ʵʲôǸԺ
ΰ˵޷ڽľԺ
µ绰ҸϽϴŪ֮󣬸ϴ˸绰һﻹڿᡣҪҵһᡣʮˮͬҲֵóԸ緹ȥԼ档ڵǰš
ͻȻΰĻҸҲǲġ뵽ڱеƸվϣһƸϢų棬ˡõúܣĵļڣĴӨӨģܶĻҲˡµϢڳšҴ򿪳Żһ·ˮͬ
ھˮͬЩͣͣ˳ȥ߽ͬˮͬϡķҲϣ·ҲϡǸﻧĺԺǴԺһԺסźüҡſڵ··ûʱһңʱһࡣסĶһЩײʿһЩԱ
߽ͬ·߱խݵСͨЩݰĳ⳵ͣеϣռٰڽɽӿͺѿȥˡͬϢŨʱƮļ˵ζԺм˸еСҡȵĴүŲ˿Ĵ辭˲ʶʶЦŵͷкһ·ƣһֱߵʮţһǵСԺӡŵ߰ʯšѾʲôˡã黨ġԺ濴˿һ̦ӰǽǽͼҲˡǵסԺˣһ򵥡
ʱһŲ豭˳һ¡ʵ˭
ЦЦס𣿡
˿˿ңûˣûˡǰûġ
˵ֿ˿ңйֵİɣҿһǾ졣
ЦЦûÿɷ˵ҲסԺ⳵ģҹࡣ
ҵ˵ͷʵ硣ô
ҪһЩܱߵϢ˽⡣ŴҲЩҸϲһֵĲϡ


ڰ ֳ
׼ǹֵˡ˵ʶˡҪ˵ƣǻԺҲҺе˰̫Ƨ˭Ҳ˵һ˼ңһأҲȥ˵ǰ׹Ѿˣĺ˾¡αϺԼϾء
ҿ٩٩̸ĳ⳵˾óһӺͱʡ¼һЩص㡣翴棬¼˵øˡ豭һˮ˵ƿŴ㹤Ͼͻ͹ڼһҲڽԵĶҲͶԸˡҼʱóԵģҾ͸͹ȥ
Ҳʵһӣûʲôرľٶ
˵ҲûʲôֻһȥҸͳԶÿŶҪúܾáˣһֵζ
üͷͻȻүүĿ챨ҲᵽֵζϽ׷ʵʲôζ
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ʱһʲôأ
һͷ˿һɫTţпŮվ󡣳βһӢˬĸоЦЦҡͷ˵ûʲô졣
Ůüͷʲôأ
ЦˣҲܣ
ŮӴţпĿڴͳ֤˵Ǿ죬ҵ֤Ҿпɣҡ
վǶǾ죬ʶ𣿡
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Ůüͷðվǽվá
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һߵôҲûǵĹϵͿǡҶЦЦ߽Ժӡ
߽Ժӣҿ˿ܵǸԺסĵҡÿҶкܶĶԺԺԻĵط١ԺмһˮͷѾʼˡÿҵĴšԺˣĬĬؿǡ
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һһܣͻȻ֣ڱǽϵǽϣһ¿ȥŪúһ衣ʲôûС߹ȥֻŻֽûйʲôǻֽеҡֽд˺ɫ֣ǵŶҵġϸĿ˿һǡ֣һǡ֡
ŻֽûжһһĸоһҵҴ˸顣ջ֡ߵҵߣǸһĶ˵û뵽Ҳŷ𡣲Ҽˣûʲôҿ˿ϡû˵ʲôҵĿˡΪֳʵ̫СˡҲõһЩҲ߳˻Сļҡ˵Ҫȥն׵Ǹֳȥ𣿡ҵ˵ͷȻҲܴġ
Ⱥ԰Сʮ¥ŵԪ¥ǱնϣֳǺŴˮͬ͵Ⱥ԰Сʮ¥ˮͬ¥ϣļšһŨصѪζ
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ϵ˵ͷȻʰǱȽϸɾѪ񶼵ˮˡ¥µˮֶˣѪζͷ
ҵ˵ͷ˿䡣һСӣһĿûɳֻʽ̫ʦκмһСָ̫ʦ˵߾ߵϡͷ­ͷСϡ
ҵ˵ͷ߹ȥ̫ʦϸĿ˿ûʲôۼСҲûʲôۼʱ򣬵ҲͷѰҲǽ񣬶Էֳ顣ҿӺСڿתתͻȻڶӵĵطһʲôĺۼ߹ȥϸĿ˿ӦһƬ߻һĶεģɫʶԱȣӦǸո߲áᳬ졣¿ȥǸۼĵϣżҡֻм㣬עǺѷֵġΪʲôأѵԭŵһ
ţߵ˴ߣѧûз֡
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޷ϵĻһ㶣˲Ѫ˿۾ֱĿŴϡΪûظһ飬޷ͻȻЦҽ˵޷ע
޷ĿҽһۣЦǳԳԵСЦšӺǿġЦһ޷˵˵ҪģһҪġҪ˼ҰƤģӣȱ°
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ǿӡҾšĲûáʧһ£߰ɣ쿴Ǿˡǻоһ°ɣ


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ƽ̣ҲĲôµ顣
ֻõ˵ͷ
ʦҲ˵ͷ˵Ϲ˰ɣ
Ҿһ


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ҾȵӣЦЦ˵˱磬ͷһν֮Ϊζ𡯡
ҵ˵ʲôζ𡱿ǡǾʲô£Ҳʵʦνġζ𡯵ʲôأ
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ҵ˵ͷ˼ˡζ𡯾һָϻҲǻеļƷǲĥġ
˵ͷӿɽ̣⡮ζǻȫ˵ľ֧š˵Ȼйӽ鷳
ҵ˵ͷ˼ˣ˵֮ԼΪҵ㡣ǲ鷳
Цҡҡͷ˵ǵһ㲻Ǻʺѡ
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ҾȵһУֿ˿̡һֱЦеĿңȻЩ飬̶֪ġһȻ򣺡ѵһУǰźõģ
ЦЦ˭ŵ㡣ԼϣԼġһֻǿʦ㵽ˡһжǱȻӣú룬ʱʲôӣüͷΪ֮ܶҶ벻ˡһǵʱڵʱڲࡣ̿˿ɵ˵ǶʮǰĽ찡
һ̫˼ˡҲ˴۱ı˸оһ˺þãֺһ裬žƽ˺ܶࡣԿʵʦλǡ
˵һΪСһҪصǸСУҵףʲôʱҡ
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ߣҡͷ˵̣УҪɡЩֺλΰֻƻҵС֪Т˳ҪТ˳̵Ļ߰ɣġҲطĽеߣߡ
̶ֻһһͷԼĳ
ųԺӡ
һ·̽ҪԶȥ
쳣ܣѾˡ
һֱ˿ҵŻָһЩ
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ῴңϽסˣϸģ
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˵Ͳڲڹ۲ءסԺͷשͷˡ룬ڹ۲һ߹۲һߴΡ
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˵Σϸ˵վԺֻšһҪϲô죬ô׳ҷΡ
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ҿ˿ϣε̾˿˵չ˺̫ˡõ˵ͷİɣʦ֣һչ˺ġҶ˻˻֣Ƿֵ


ڶʮ ΣյĴ
صѾˡϹѾԹ緹һˣʵ˷𣿡˵ԣҲˣ𣿡
Ϲҡҡͷ˵ûֻһ˴绰˵Ҫ׽飬͵֤ݡԼ
ҵ˵ͷ˴ϣһ֧̣һ룬;úۡϨͷϹ˵ȥ˯һ˭ˡ˵Ҳڡ
ϹֵĿ˿ң˵ͷʵ㡣ûʲôɣ
ЦЦû£û˯
һصԼķ䣬һӵ˴ϣ۾
ԭʮֵ룬ĵ˴ϣȻ˯ˡ
вϳ־飬Ҽˡ뵽ľ̵顣
һ֪³һ죬֪ж೤ʱ䣬֪ʱҪЩʲôΪЩʲô
֪Լȥʱ䣬ʲô塣ǲǵ
һжֵ̼ġ
Ǹˡ浽ҶѰһլȻǶ顣
̵ֻ֪еһʱܲˡ
תһ룬ҲûʲôҲáΪûʲô⣬ôҾӦ˼ҵѡ뵽Ҹе̹Ȼˡ
үү
үүźǲŪЩǶһԱ˵һӣƲİ
ȻүүҲҰӣΪʲôǰûк˵أԼֲǺ֪Щأ
ΪռУдЩӲΪ
ҲԼҲûа취Щ顣
ֻߣǸһжעģҾͻǸʱ򣬻صլҲͻǸʱ򣬿дռǣҲǸʱ򣬻Ͽ죬ҲǸʱ̵֪ڡ
һжעģڿļ֮ڡ
ڰϵˡ
ȻܸıʲôԶϤһСѾҾúˡ
ţͻȻǰһˡһ㶣ϸһȻүү
үүеĴЦݣҡ
Ҹе֣үү𣿡
үү˵ͷţҡ
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үүЦЦУС
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үүЦЦܶΪԼʲô֪ʵʲô֪Σ֪֪ҲΡڿµռˡôģ
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Ҳֳȡ֤Щͷдֵֽ
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үүЦŵ˵ͷҼ˵оͻûȥֶСԺ˵ѪͬģΪпܡǣҾһбĶҲֶ֪ʹַЦݵҩ
үүʵΪʲôô˵
˵ռдˡǸԺӣǸطݡֻﲻݡѪҺһлӰݵӦзϵáﲻݣ˵ѪҺУĳֶӦҩ˵ҩѪҺзõġ
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죬ڴҵֻԼһ¡˿ĺ롣ΰһ
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ΰЦˣСûĵġΪæ졣㻹٩ҡ
ΰ׷顣
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ΰеĵࡣ˯һǲǵ̫ˡûǸո˯
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ʮꡣãǰˡʮǰˡ֮Ǹеһһ󹤣֮Ͳ֪ȥˣ˵ǻصˡ
׷ʵʲô֣ΰ˵Ŵʮꡣ򿪴ҰƬ㡣
һ´һ߽еϹۣӴ档ڰ칫ҵϹ۴Ӧšΰڵ绰ЦţôҵˣƯ𣿡ʱӣŹ˵һ㣬һ㣬ʱ䣬֪𡣲˵ˣҴ绰ɣ
ܵ˰칫ңѾˡһźиԵԲִһͷӣ̶̵ͷ͸׹⡣һû취ͺϵϡ
һߵϹҲŴƬֹ˭ô󣬻ͦˡҿ˿Ϲ˵סǱ׼Ļ
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Ϲ۵˵ͷǺãҾɣ
Ҹûעĵ˵ͷŴ棬ҵĴϡ
ҿƬԼšҾûмһˡֵĸоһΣա
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ҷ˴棬һ֧̣֪Щ
һžžŵİУߣһӵģ֮ȻĳϵġǰүүİУЩߺǸίģ֮ҲӦĳϵġʮİУүүģ˵˵߳ǸߣǺЩϵˡ
ʵ¼ȴûдǸƤˣʲôϵļҲǱ⼸Ūġ֮ϵǱȻġ
ƤĻǸն׵ϣֻǲʲôϵأ
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ѵֻصˮͬһ
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ҾúܻƣΪֻҵĸо
Ǵģһ־˷ѡ
ԥ䣬Ϲ۽еԷˣ


ڶʮһ ѰҴ
Ϲ۽ͬʱҵĶӹؽһͻȻŵһɺζеĶˡ˰ɣ극˵ɡ
Ҵ˷һ˲棬߰С̲˺ϹЦվߡ
һƹǣ硣ζʵ̫ˡ㣬в㣬Ũ㡣
ζʳָ󶯡θڴ󿪡
Ϲ۰ҳһ룬Ҳץӣҳһ룬һ롣ֱҲԲȥˡͣ֡
ű˵̫óˡʲô
ϹЦЦ˵֮ǰ˵ˣ档
棿˵ǲǺϺӱ˳ԵĶ
Ϲ۵˵ͷ԰ҾںӱģЩǺҵİѧġıҵĻóԡҡҡͷʾţˣĻóԣҲóѽҳˡ㹻𣿡ע⵽Լĳ˺ܶࡣ
Ϲ˵֪ܳԣѾһˡڶһݣҪҿûóˡҲ˼ЦЦû취˭Ķôóء
ϹЦ˵ҪϲԣԺԡҵ˵ͷ˵лл߻ص˰칫ǰŵ绰صղŵԥǲӦøϴ绰أתһ룬ϸˣЪЪɣ绰
ðɣҳϣ˽ġҾ绰ҲǼܻҪɵġɲ൱ĲӦǸ˫Ӯľ档ҸϽͨ˵绰ҷҵ־Ȼ΢΢Ĳ
绰ͨˣιʦ֡𣿡Ц˵Ұ
Ҳܸˣôˣʲô𣿡
˵ԣ顣Ҫ̸Ҵϵģһˣɡǹڰӵġ
һŶǹڰӵġãڼҡ˵Ҳڼңȥɣѵַҡ˵˸ַȻ˵ʮӺ¥¥µ㡣
ץϵƬԿסԻڳϹ˵ҳȥһ¡Ϲʵϻ𣿡һ㶣˵ȻֻȥһˡϹ۵˵ͷСĵ㡣ϰ壡
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˵ұ˵ģǡ˵˵ͶˡһϾͳ˰ӡǲǴһץֵĻ᣿˵Ҳİˣ˵ˮͬһɳǵɳȥһ飬û֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷһ취Ҳһð취һûа취İ취ҪһУãã˺ѰһˣǺѵġ
Щɳ񾯣ڹƬߣԼƬϤ£˵Ҫ򵥵ĶࡣοҲеǼǡΪ󣬾Ǳˡ֪ϢԺҪѰҪ׵öࡣҸϽˮͬķȥ
һɳûֻð齻ǣȺǵĻѵϣˣɳϡ
ʱѾϰ˵ˡҺ͵һɳɳֻһֵࡣ񾯣һˡݺ⡣񾯰ý˵ҡʼõԲѯ
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Ƭϵ˼һģһٿϢûεļ¼Ѿ˺ӡϸ˺ʹЩģʵ΢΢
˵ֵܡҵ˵ͷпܣȥҲҪ֪ĸ顣
ǿ˿ַȺСʮ¥ԪҡȺСڸҪǿĻȴҪһȦӡ˵߹ȥɣҵ˵ͷ͵УһвĬֻ˲䣬ͱ˺档
ֱؽңҲͣסŲ׷ôߵô졣Ŷ׷㡣ˣҿߵò찡׷ϡаЦϽͣˡǲС
ʱǵʮ¥¡Ҫ塣ֹˡҿ˿¥ϣһ壬һŮ˵˭˵¥µھӣԿˣҿһź𣿡ǸŮ˵ãžͿˡ
Һ͵˽ȥС˵ʲôƭˡҡҡͷСʹ괬ݾߡ˵ͷ漦ѧһС
ЦЦŵߵ¥¥еĵصƣıȽᣬƲûСԺ·ƵĵƹͶҿԿŵġԾߵĵָָţҲˡ
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˽ȥҽظں档ʵµǹĻѰ졣ڣѾǹ֡Ҳ˵ʲôˡҲϤֻܽȥˡ
һɳ輸͵ӡûʲôĶǴҡȽ˿ԣûˡҲ¹տյġֽԣûˡ˿ͻȻ˶ȥ
ëšҲǹŵġǹʹ˸ɫһһӴšҿֻе
ˣҸϽĵơֻһͰϣֵĿǡ


ڶʮ ɱ
һˣе㻭졣ӾǸӣһ֪ȴ˵
ǹָŵùǺ塣ʵ˭Ǹʲô
ʵʲô֣
˶߶µ˵ңҽǵ˭Ҫʲô
ǹͳ֤˵йֵģ˽ƺһ˵Ǹҿ԰ѿ𣿡
תȥ˻֡ҿ˿ӡ߳䡣
˴˿ĵƣɳϡʵôţεһЦ°ؼҡЩڼһżˡֱȥˡûü
ܺÿ˶ʵҾǸеЩ
û˵ʲôֻһߡ
ŵ
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ͻȻ˵ѽ㿴ôʱ䣬Ҳûǵˮ
˵ţڲ輸ˮˮкҵǸͬ־Ҳˮɣ
߻صɳϣû£ͻȻһ󣡡
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Ǽһһ˵һȭҴȭͷŷСȻӲһȭͷ
ץס˳һһȣĴࡣ
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Ǽһһ̱һ֣ҵ֡Ĵ󴰻ȥ
ҽһǻˡǼһﾹȻӴȥصĴ󴰻ȻײˡžһҽС׹ص
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˵ͷҼ˵ϵ㻳ɣҾ⡣վתһ¡ĵط⣬ǿҪȥ͸ϽкҺˮһ㣬е˵ˡ
һȷǸ⡣ԣûмǻصɳϡͷɾʱͻȻгšȻϵˡ
ɣһ羴ؿҡҸее㲻˼˵ôһͿôࡣ
ЦЦҲûϣҲô࣬ûᵽ顣ľҲɲ١
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ҡҡͷûǱȥˡûʲôÿģһᡭҵĻû˵ֻ꣬ã¥˳¥ߵͰ۵
¡ֹţûȥһܴ̼ҵ˵ͷʱ㿴Ƭ֪ˡ
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µĿ˿ңаСӡ¶ˡֱӺϵˣ
ЦЦⲻҪ㲻Ǿǽ𣿡
һƲ죺ϻҪǺˣҿ϶ûǲ鰸ôңȥǸ֣ʲôô죿


ڶʮ 
ϵĻһ˵Ҳе¡
ѾͷǸӣô嶯
ŪĻ顣
֮ǰû֪顣
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ץץͷ˵Щͻ¼Ҳ֪ġֻҴġ
󣿡üͷ˭
˵֡Ҷ˵ˣ˵һʱ˵
һ۾ʲô˵ڱ˵㲻˵Һ͵ıôд
̯̯֣˵Ȼû⡣Ǿ˵ǲӦûط
ϵ˵ͷҲУطˡȥ˵ҵ˵ͷǺðɣ
Ͻһ飬Ȼңһ˳ȥҲ˳ǸʲôȥԴǵ˵ʲôС¼ڹ̽ȥ˵ҲȥǿڹҲҵģҪⱨôд
ûа취ðɣҲȥɡ˵ſ˿ңûɣ˸νı顣
һص̽磬ѾҹˡǻȥϹۡϹ۱Ѿ˯ˡҴ˻Ͻֶˮֵ衣Ƴ˵ı飬еѿв֪Ǹˣǵġ
Ϲ߿ʱ򣬴С˵ǰɣ㲻ҸôסйŮĹһҡ㲻²ǹ߻𰡣
˴ϵ⣬Ȼû˵¶עı顣ƺҲʵ⣬ҵĴ𰸡
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һ۾˵˭ࣿҲ۾ϻȻ˵㣬˵˭ϺٺٵЦˣŵ˵ⲻǲˣﲻ֪СӴ࣬ࡣˣͷ
ʱϹ˹ôˣûԵҹɡ󡣡վҰɣŮһȥ˳
ϿϹ۵ıӰ˵ŮӲͻݰҿ˿ϣô㶯ˣϻ˻ԴŮӺ򡣶ʲôԵġҵ˵ͷûʲôԵġϹ۵ĳһĲǺóԡ
һҵļ򣺡תƶ򣬸Ͻ˵˵ô£ҸϽȥ̽޷飬˵һ飬йүүռǵҲ˵ˡֻû˵Щֵ飬ΪҲ֪ǷԽܣҲҲʹûʲôϵҾû˵
ʵΪʲôҵңߺߵ˵㲻Ƿϻ㿴ŰײձƵãҽʲôϢһ¶á˵ֻҸ˰Ը㶨ģ˭֪ôİӡ
ҵĻشôϺ⣬ҵļ򣺡Сܻ˵ξͲͷˡ㻹Ҫϸ˵Ҫ¼ڹֻҪְϸ˵һ顣ļ¼һ水ӡ
˼¼ǵҹҲˡߦ档Ƕ˺ܶࡣ
һϡĳһ˵Ϲۣóԣѹ¬˵պá
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Ͽ˿ҡ˵С㣬Ǳ¼˵ʵˡȥʲôá
ǲҾ;Ĺ۲ܰûа취̾˿Ͽ˿ܱܲô飬໥
Ϲʵôȥ참ˡʲôӰܲܿϵˬ죬ѱ¼ݸϹۡ
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˷ص˴Се㽹ǡΪҪˡΪûеȵϵĵ绰żǸ󣬵װǸСŮȥˣȵ绰Ҳֵȵ绰Ҳвż
ʵ֪ںæųôİӣҪǲæءֻţȥŴϡŽ飬绰


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ʱûϵĵ绰ֻǵǸίˡһűͦװŽӵˡ
ͷһ˿ҡڣһǾɫȵĶ֮ˡ
ˡҲûа취ֻܽӴ
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ʵʲôҡ˲ջ˫ۡ˿Ҵ˵ʶ𣿡
ֻЦЦ֪Ӧôش⡣˼˵ǮǮǱһ˽ܡҵĹ̶ʲڡ仰˵ܴ󣬶ҹʹ˵Ϲá
Ϲͷû̧ĹЩʧֶ˵ҾӦ꣬ûʱؼҡǰҲôҾúźˡҪҲ¡ҺʱҾͿԲøˡ
ҵ˵㣬ҪŵƬһЩһʲҪǮĻϻһӴˡʼʹ˵ԼҵľܴĭɡȻҲôšֻһţһԼ顣
֪ǱôˣǸûнʲôЩͷĻôˡǸն׵ϣкͻʲôϵֵĿǴô֮Ŀ˭أ
ĳֻžһ졣һһعԭǮӣһյӡҲ֪ô£ѵһ￴ֻǮյ˵ģǡҴñӡҾҪһС
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ϹۺǴʱѾˡǼ򵥵Ļױͳˡ
ȵǮļҡнһ˵СӻǮģǴӾص֡ĴŽţһߵԿ档һŴø߱΢Զ濴š
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ǸŮıӰһȥ˵µľưɡϹ۸ȥ
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ʱưɵ˲࣬һ㶼˫˫Զڲ̫Ļȵ˵ʲôֻŮһڰ̨ǰ棬Եúǹ¶
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˵ȷʵڵˡ֪Ǹ˻᲻֡
Ϲüͷʲô˼Ϊʲôȵˣ᲻֪᲻֣
ЦЦҲ֮ǰǸˡ֮䲢ûԼֻãûʲôաǽҪҲܺòС
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С˵ǲµġ
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ϰ壡Ϲ˵һδıˡô̵ʱ䣬㾹ȻôĶǸ֡
ҡҡͷûʲôҪĻҲõġ
˵ţǸŮͻȻƿԼǰľƱ


ڶʮ ֵļ
ҵ˵ҪȵˣϹۿŮʵô֪
Ц˵ƿ˱ӣ˵ǱȽϼеġͬʱһ̧ͷĶĿӦڴſڡ
ϹſȥȻһиߵӳڴſڡڰҿǸ˵ӣһֵĸоһ˵ֵĸо
ǸƺûпŮ۾ھưлһȦŮȻе㼤ӰҪ߹ȥŮ˵ͣס˽ŲȻŮī۾һǿԸееĿ⡣
ײһ£ߵϹۣſ׼ࡣϹ۵˵ͷ۾
Ů̧֣Ǹ˻˻֡Ǹע⵽һɣ˹һֱߵ̨ϣŮߡ
ŽŲ̋ĵƹ⣬Ǹ˵ҲòϣһӢü͸һᣬ˸оǳȴһʡҿźܲ
ԣǸҪŮࡣҪһơơҵšȻʶġϹ˼࣬˵ϰ壬ǽ֤𣿡ҡҡͷ⵱Ȼ㣬Ҫա
Ϲһǰɣ֤ݿºѰЦЦôǮȻҪҵɣҿҲĲ˶ˣӦϾҪȥˡ
Ϲ۵ûΪʲôǣǱߵˡȻһӣվ˹Ů˵ļȥҲվϹ˵ǣ취֪ǵķšȻ취䡣Ϲ۵˵ͷ˵˰̨
˵ݿڡʱдϹ۵ϰ壬2106ŷ䡣˵ˣŰɡһϵ㡣
ȵ˶ʮһ¥2106ıҵһطʱҰһж¼֪˽˷䡣ЩΪ֤ݣ͹ˡҲ
ҵ¥£Ϲۡԭذ칫ҵġͻȻ־е㲻ԾͶϹ˵⳵ȥɡһе¡Ϲۿ˿ңû˵ʲô˵ͷˡ
ûߣ˾ƵĴõС֪ΪʲôҾǸ˵е㲻ԾԾ֮ô
ھƵеɳϣţһ߿űֽһ߼Ŵһ˵ĵݿڡһСʱ֮ǸŮ˳ûͣҴææƵͣȥżؼҵġ
е㶯ҡǸסҪһҹ룬ǸҲˡװͷֽǸ˴ҵ߹һɵζһֱеֵζڼ䡣ζҴûŵ
Ǹ߳˾ƵšҲȥǸ˳˾ƵĴšһգ˾ƵСӡҲżԶĸš
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ڹ·һڣǸһС·ҿ˿Ѿǳǽˡ߳ʮ·˿̸ҡҲſɵظ
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ԽԽ֡ѵҲᡰȻô᲻أʱǰһСꡣǸߵ档߸ߵӰСһšҸϽȥǵСʱȷӰޡ
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һصǸǼƵʱѾʮˡˡǾеۡԼĳĿ˼ҡϣؼҵʱ򣬿ԳԵϹĺóԵġ
صУûеʳϹŵԷһˣȻһһ겻ӡ
ҿϹۣʵôˣϹҡҡͷͰ͵˵ûûʲô
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ƬŮǽǶȣܲǾȻûǸˡеƬֻǸŮһˡô
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ҲһѵһĸŹߵġڿһҪô˵Ϲһġ
ЦЦ˵ˡȥԷɡտϹ۵˵ͷ˳ȥ
տ̯ϣϹۻһ겻ӡʵϰ壬˵ûйҵ˵ͷȻȻУϹüͷô֪ѵ㿴ЦЦҲҲҿҲأ
Ϲһֵӣ˵Ǹеǹ̾˿ǲǹôأѵ¹
Ϲ룬૵˵ҲǣҲûʲôµġ£¹šҵ˵ͷˣͶˡûʲôµġϹۿ˿ң԰ϰ塣ô֪ЩʲôƵã
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ϹЦЦ㵹ǳסǸô죿Ƭô˼ңץץͷȻܸˡʱ仹еǣ˵ɡ
Ϲȴ̾˿յҲûʲôãһղϡЦЦа취ġԶɣ


ڶʮ 
Ϲۿ˿ң˵ʲôصĳ˶
Ҳû˵ʲôһ⴮һڡ
Щ顣Ȼ˵û¡Щ飬ĺͷ˺ܾãҲûʲô취
ʱҵĵ绰ͻȻҵһ𣬴ӳ˼оѹ
Ͻŵ⴮˿С绰
Ǵĵ绰ҺǸˡ绰洫ƣιСڸʲô˿е⴮˵ûʲôڳտǱôˡô绰
̾˿æͷˡˣҾһ㶣⴮ǩӵ˵ϡ
ϹۿңֵʵôˣҶϹ۰˰֡ʾҪ˵ˡŵ绰е˵ʲôϣ
ϵеΣ˵ˡҾ֮һ˵ôˡҽԺǲǰ𣿡
˵ûдȷʵˡҲ֪ô£ڲˡʬ챨ųҽ׷ʣôģ
˵඼ˡһûһ˺ۡǰİһ
ҵԴ˵һ¡֪˵ʲôźáòײҵȻûˡʲôôı죬Ȼھļ£İӡ
ϴеιι¬ô˵ˣһعŶҿȥֳ𣿡˵֪ġҽԺֳСɣ
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ҸϽصңſҽԺȥ
ҽԺǰѾûʲôˡֻһŲҰ׵·ơҵĳƻƺҹͣҽԺǰܽҽԺҽԺȵеĵƸӲҰסλεͷϻζšһֱȣ˶¥һ䡣
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ҿ˿ţһССĲ
ݴ˵ģˣ󲻻ᳬסʲôһõ
ٿУֻһȴӣߵӱϣƿ˴濴˿ȻߣҲףҲûʲôĺۼﲻǿĵط˵ȴǲġǴġ
ʵʲôʱ䷢ֵģ˵磡ȥңȥһ鱨档׼󡣽ʱ򣬾ͽӵ˴˵ϢҾ͸ϽϹæڡҿ˿һƣĴϣ˵߰ɡһԵ㷹
ϵ˵ͷ߳˲ʱ򣬵ӭ˹ʵôˣ˵ҿûߣ͹˵ֿ˿ңʵʦ֣ʲôʱģ
˵һԷɣ˵ͷĬĬ˳ȥ
˳ֿᵽտĴŵϹҪ뿪ǻˣˡЩҶԴ˵ΪʲôϿ˿ң˵ôأͶˡԸҪ
Ҳ˵Ҳʹˡûκҵ˵ͷôʱļ¼ſ𣿡
˵ˡֻһϣȥһʿȥ롣پû˽ȥ
üͷǸʿҵ𣿡˵ͷҵˣѯʵġʱֻǽȥ롣ûʲô⣿һĵ˵ͷ
Ͽ˿ңӣе㲻ԾǲǻǸʿأҡҡͷǵûУҵǲǸʿҾЩҩеֵûɡ
գգ۾ҩ˼Ƕһۣһ˵ͷ
ʱʳˡңϺ͵ˡ̻ʵĳϹ۶˵׳ʲô£¿еʳ򵥵˵һ¡ϹҲú֡ʵǸղŵ˼˻˸ҩ
ϵ˵ͷпܡֻͻƿڡҵ˵ͷѾʬ졣ûҵԭ򣿡
ҡҡͷûн˵дֵֽǸͷ˵üĿ
ҵ˵ͷ˵˵˵ֽûʲôֻһֽţںܶĵط򵽡
ֵе˵áɰдġһ㶣ɰϵ˵ͷɰֶڿǲ̫ҡҲáֻںŻʹá
ҵ˵ͷȷʵһֻһڽʽвŻʹáе㲻ףʵأ
˵ʿ˵ѵֽһŷ䣿ҵ˵ͷпܡȷ
ϼ˵Уͷһֵֺͷûеġкܸӵвҩĳɷ֡ڻ
ҵ˵ͷֻôࣿҲ˵ͷھô࣬Ҳ˵ûЧʡĺܸӡҪ
ҡҡͷҿɲ˵ǵЧ⡣ûˣòҵĴҲˡһûǸŮ顣˵ô죿
Ϻһô죿¡Ҳûءһʱֱӳˡûӳ
ҸϽֹ˴ϣͣ˵ˣǶӳûȤҽЩ飬˵ġϿ˿ң˵ʲôҰǮίҵİ˵һ顣һ㶣ǰɣǲ̫ùˣ
ʵǰɡǸŮ黹û꣬һ˵ݺݵĵ˴һۣǲûܣϺٺٵЦҲǱˡ㣬Ҿͺ˵˵¡
󷽷˵ʼһأû뵽ġϹһҲȤӲҰΰ˵˳ϹҼ򵥵ؽ˵ѹ㣬첻żµġԭѾǼֲˡ
ҿЦһô᲻֡Ҳûа취ȻֻӲͷƤˡʵ֮ô죿˶ңҵĴ𰸡˵ʵҲ֪ôźáЩͲ׵飬ڼҲ֪ô˺ܾãҲ˵ڻʲô취һ޷ʰɣ


ڶʮ ޷ַ
ҵĻҿҡҲǡΣ˵⵹ҲǸ취Ǹ취Ψһİ취
ΪֻһˡѾ޷ˡ˵ģҲ˵ˡͲʲô̫ϣ
ĸ˳˷ͷֿˡҺϹһص̽硣ϹڵǰֿھƵץĵЩƬڴϣһ̡֧Ϲ˵㻹ڿ𣿡
Ϲ۵۾û뿪ԣ˵ʼеµġʱ춼ˡǺҲûʲôµġһˡ˾͵ӴЩһ˵öԣ£¹š
Һݺݵһ̣˵ͷԣϹۼ˵ϰһӽӵİӺ񶼺͹йذǲ㡭
һ㶣ʲô˼ǲʲôϹ˵˵ֻõģù˲ŻЩǲǣҸط㰡
ҰϨ̻Ҹ뵽˿졣ʦǲǿ԰أ̲һȥܻȥ̻ġҲȥ̾ˡ
뵽ЩѹϹ۵ˣϰ塣ʲôأȥȥ㰡һعϹ˵ҿˣ㲻ҲˣҪҪ㣿Ϲ룺ǿˣǺһʱ򿴵ġ㿴ñҶ࣬ԡӦȥ㡣
ЦЦЩϹ̾˿˵㲻ҲаһжʵǰҵʲôӵġҲҪʵ
ҵ˵ͷҪȴͬ־Ľǿܶࡣ̹ȻԡǸһﻹڻر⡣
Ϲڰ۾뿪˵Ļ˿ңϰ壬Ȼ֮˵ഫܾáûмšҪյģȻҪһЩʱ䡣
һĵ˵ͷе컹Ҫȥһˣһȥ޷һȥ÷ˣû˿԰ǽЩ⡣Ϲ۵˵ͷʲôʱУǸǮϰô죿
˵ʱҲ˵ͻˡǸǮϰˣ˵ڵ飬ˡϹ۵˵ͷ
Ȼ˯úһ˸硣Ҿеʧܺ;ɥ飬׵һߡǽľԺȥ·е³⻷·ϣ俴µĲݵϣһ˹
ǸָߡһһŮһǸˡվŵ档ؽšǣǸ˸Ͳңٵߵ¡ʧˡ
Һ뵽ȥǳϣòһܵŵһߣǸǸ˵ټֻֻص˳ϡ
޵Ĳʡ־֡˿ܣӦͨǸǼƵ·
ڳϵһ̡֧ǸˡǸĻǹ𣿲һ뵽񣬻ʧҸڡֿʼΪǸŮˡһڲ֪£ǸջˡҲûô򵥡ŪҲΣյġ
˼ţǰĳʼƶϽָרĿһֱ˾ԺҺǸҽѾˡûʲôϻʹĵطȥ
һߣǸҽһ߶˵˵Ҳ֡ԴӼ֮޷Ĳкתֻ⼸Ĺöˡǲڸҩ׼ͻؼأ
ЦЦǸáû뵽Щ龹Ȼôа֮Ϣ֪㲻Ϣ֪ʲôķӦ
Ǹҽ˿˵Ǹǻǻ㲻
̸޷֮ǰλϡ۵Ŀⲻڴͣе䡣˵һ񲡵Ļߡˣгһ˿ȶȡԿʶҵġ
ҵֱ˵޷ʶҵģ԰ɣ޷˵ͷҼ˵ллЩṩҵˡ޷۾ųһ˿ѯʵĿ⣬ʵŶҵС𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ˡ޷۾һЩʣˣʲôʱġôģ
˵ȥװɵ˫̥ܵܣʵĵܵܺ͵ûֶӶɱˡҽҴˡ¥ˡ͵ҽԺ֮ҡˡȫˡ񱻽ʹûʲô˺ֻۡûҵ
޷һֱĴһߵҽüͷ˿ҡ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôջû˵޷ն߶ţˡ˺áľ͵ӦӦ˵бӦ˷ӻúõġ̣̣Ǵ̡Ӧ
ֻ˲䣬ղŻúõ޷Ȼֱ˷ħģЦһֿʼޡһ߿ޣһ߶Ķһͷ˿ߵҽҽ˵û£ٵȵȡ˵һͺˡ
ҿǰ޷ȻڿǲǺˣҲһľͻءҲٵһ
һֱӣ޷ĿСǺ˵ҲͻȻԭӨ͸ᣬȻʼ󣬾Ȼ˺ɫѪɫһεεѪᡣ
һңҽҲֽšû뾹ȻӣϽһߴؽŻʿһң߰ɣˣʲô£Ժ˵ɡ
֪Լﲻʲôæֻðѵ绰ҽʱ޷ҡ
߳ҽԺڳϣһա붼Ѿת޷иӲԼֽ̫ȵõĿڹ޷⸱ӣûʲôˡ
Һݺݵ˷һ¡йеķֵһ֧̣Լƽ뵽޷ղ˵Ļ̰̣Ǵ̡ʲô˼һʱ仹ĥ͸һ
еİ˷룬Щȴһֻε֣ϣԶѰҵǸŮӣеһС£ֺ¼ٻϣд󶼺Щϵ
ҷٵϼҵķȥʱ֣ҵĳͣϼҴͷСǰĵЩˡĲȷЩ飬ǲӦúͿ˵Ϊǣ̫ˡ
ԥ䣬СźȻˡҵĳǰЦЦˣΪʲô
³ȥԿ˵ʦұе벻סǵֲ֪ô˵áЦô˵ʵʵ˵˵
ֻøſ߽СϡǵãСʱǽȥġСķ֪ΪʲôˣԣҲûнȥٽĿ˿һСһ˸ߴĺ߹÷۱ˣ˸е
˴ţǰһСԺӣžľͷṹġм乩һ񣬲֪ʲô𡣿ͷۣģǿɲ»ĶŷһԵõģ


ڶʮ ̽
ҿ񣬿˺ܾáֻ۾³ĸǶȥڿ㡣
Կ
쿴ڿҲңһߣЦǺǵĿҡ
ֱҷڿңе㲻˼ˣʵʦһλأ
ЦЦ˵λǴ񡣡񣿡ֹšԼ֪񡣿һȦȴ֪һ񡣲ʵ֪λʦͽ̡
˵ͷ˵ŽʪţıΪնΪ̵ĻرдҪĻרμ֮ҽ񡣲شΪ¬ǷΪħʱֳķŭࡣۡıۡ֡ǹķŭࡣֳ
еƣʵô˵λˡǾ֪Сԭĺؼôṩأң֪޵֮ˣôڵأ
ЦЩҶûҲΪʲôŵ֮˵Ҫ˵Ҳ̥ӡȽ̺͵֮еġ뵱꣬ȥΪ𡯵Ҳ֪ɣҵ˵ͷҵ˵ǲҾͲ֪ˡ
˵Ѩ磬δ򡣶ڵҲһǿֻͬҲûʲôɣڵйǺط̣ڣǵ̶Ȼʮֲˡңĸ֡
ҵ˵ͷĵҲԣ鵹ǲִŵġֻ֪ôԸ
ʦסķ䡣ֻһСһСС롣ŴûСߡҵһ裬˵ոõĲ裬ںáȻͰڳһϴӡ
еƣһڲ衣ԴζĲУǸʴ㣬͵ʵ֪Ҫ
ĪЦЦ֪֪ĻҪ㲻кܶ໰˵𣿵˵޷
һ£Ʒζһ¿˵Ļ˼Űе֯һ顣ͷβϸĺͿ˵һ顣
һ˵Сʱ裬˵ֻһֱţٲ졣Ұ⼸췢鶼˵һ顣еһ˲١ʹ첻ܰʲô˵Щ˵Ѿˡ
˵Щľ룬˵еһЩνַһġҵĿ԰㡣Ϊ˵ǸʲôǴ̡ġ
һ£ģ˵
˵ͷǷеһ˵Ҳֻеһеĵ̷Щνǰ˻µˡ˵Ҫ̷ܵնסšʬ࣬Ƥ֮ΪǴ̡
ҵ˵ͷû뵽⡮Ǵ̡ȻΪʲôЩֻڵвʹõ̷Ȼ˼䡣ѵҪﵱ˼
˵ֻء֡Ǵֻ̡Ϊ˾ˣΪΪҿ̷ΪЩ̵Ľ塣ȡ壬˽蹫ãýȡ
ע⵽˵ʱ򣬵ôʡõЩЩˡǾ˵ִСǴ̡ĲˣĳЩ˵Ķˡ
ʵ˵ĳ˵ĶҲ˵ˡΪʲôΪأ
˵췽֪ʶŽļ鰸УЩܴͬﵽ𣿡
룬ĵ˵ͷкܶ޷ﵽġ޷үүҲҲүүʱļСڵļǲС
׷ʵʲôЦЦӦ֪ģ
̾˿֪Ҳšôͱ˵ء㲻˵ҲĿЩȥ˰
˵ͷҲǺѡƬʵЩϵˡ˵űϷóһɫСƿӡһЩɫҺ塣
Ƶʲô˵ţᡣֻҪ۾ϣͿԿЩ
ץץͷʵھƵƬʱ򣬶ˡʱҲúΪʲôص˾Ϳأ
˵ЩνĹֻ꣬ǵ˵ÿѧ˵أԳһõ̫һǵǽӴǵʱ򣬾͵ڰǵƵʣһȻͿˡ㵱ʱǿˡ¼ʵʲģԻȥǾпˡֻҪĨͿԿˡ
ҵ˵ͷʵôԸЩһأ
˵ԸǺͶԸҲࡣȵȻ̸СЩʱźܻһЩԿǵˣæ
ҵ˵ͷͺΰҰŮһ
˵ͷǰɣһЩȻΪǰһЩǲԳΪ֡ǿ̸еġֻҪ֮֮顣ǿ˵׵ġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǰֶǱȽϺðġЩðأ
˵ȻһЩڤ粻ģֻܲȡһЩķǴܣյǴĻɢ˵һΡ
ȤôЩڤ粻Ķһأ
ЦʵúãҪصı¡ͺҽ̸ġ룬ǲֶô׷ϣǸո˵С
ҵ˵ͷȷʵǻʲôϰĶأ˵޷һּ֮Ϊġһö̵Ḷ́ҪܴġҾǾ߱˺ܶķʡкʡ۴ǵ̽Ĳϡ
ץץͷʲô̽
ʦ˵ͷ˼о죬̽ҲСЩ֣ԴԽ硣ҪһЩҲͬ˻߹̽˼Ψһͬģûз٣ȫԼƶʮʱˡ;߱һʡҾǵ̽ĺòϡ
в֪ǸˣӦʲôĸоѾǳ֮档ȴҵһʵĴ𰸡һԼ˸Ҳ֪ôʹ˵ҪǺ˵ˣһٵһͿ
ҿ˿죬ʵǡ̽𣿡ҡҡͷҲǡҲáԣס㻹ԾˡǸǴ̡ǿֹġҪ㡣ֻҪҵһ̵Ŀ꣬пֹ


ڶʮ ˭ǵĸ
һ㶣˼ҿԾˣҿֹǸνʲôǴ̡ķôأ
쿴ŷң˵ܶණҪġЩǶҲ㲻ġ
ҵ࣬ûһ˿ЦݣԣӱܲˣҲӱܵˡ鲻Ūǲĵġ
ҰԵͷȷʵˡѾ˽ȥ֪Լܾˡοҵļϻүүϣүүɻ뿪ˡҲϣҿ԰
뵽̹ȻˡȻ㲻ֻнܡܹΪ̽Ҳûʲôáϲ鰸ӣڷˣǹ񲢲Ҫ
쿴ţ¶Цݣãûп㡣˵óһСӡ˵һЩԸֵķȻ򵥣Чô㡣ס̽ûзɵģǷɡһжԼ鴦ЩţԺлĶ̸㡣
ҽӹӵ˵ͷ̵顣ջҧ
쿴һۣ˵ֳ񵽵ͷҿ԰㿴ʲô˵ӦûеɡȥҴҪ
˵ͷһֵġǴ̡ѾʼˡѾˡҪҵĸ˺ˡͿֹǵжԸࡣˣԻȥˡ
ֻվ˳ҿ˴ӡʱϦµʱº˺ҵȴڷȻһӵʶ˳еˡµ
Ŀҵĸˣôпץ֡˭ǵĸأڿʹһϵġ˵һһЩ˿ڵ⡣Ǹϣ׺ʲôϵأĸӦúʲôĹϵأ
һţһ߿˳ǡʱѾǻƳˡǳӿǸϣҵĳֶסˡҵǲżΪ飬Ҳö³жෳԼóһ绰
ץ绰˿Ǵϴģιϣʲô£
أҸ°࣬ġ
ãҲġˣϻֳҵͷûˣ
УֻһˡҲŪĳɷ֡
Ѿˣɡ취ϣһ͵ˣȥɡǼġ
µ绰ʼӿʱҵˡ
Ϲӭ˳˵ôûʲôջһȥһ졣
ʼ򣺡ҲУҲûС
ϹҡҡͷǸǮ˵绰ʲôʱɽƵˡ
ҵͷܺãûʱһϹ㷹ɡ
Ϲ۵˵ͷ˳һ룬תˣʵҪҪٶһЩ
һ㶣ղҵԴҵĺû룬ûʡ룬ȴͻȻеȺġϼ
ڷϹЦЦҿһǶɣûҲԽǺǣһ첻ǻġ˵ЦŽ˳
Ϲһ£ûһŭеۡҵЦݲĸϡ
ʱϷĽˡһĵˣЦЦôˣôС̾˿һƨɳϡ
һ֧˵ְܲҺѾûϢˡķûϡڿȡʱϢһ¡ܵˡˣϹأ
ЦЦ˰ķأϵһӺˡͰ͵˵¡ϹĶóԡҿ˿ϣٺٵЦ֪æѾϹˣһͿԳˡ
վȥæɣס˵ˣϹһ˾Ϳˣ̫ˣЪһЪɡ
ץס֣û˵ʲôˡҵȴС¹ײΪֵʱҲû̫ࡣ
ٿҵץڵϡָоģ΢΢ȶȡ
ĳԼ֡һۡûһ˿𱸣Ȼ顣ҵøˡ
һߵĴͻȻ˵һȥˣʲôɹаʶʱļһȻ˵ϣֲܲӦֻðĿӵƿԴ˵һȦɵ㣬ɸǵģҪҴ˵𣿡
Ϻһˡͷ˵
ҾȰ޷˵һ顣Ϻ͵Ǻܲ졣ʵǰɣԭѾҪ˵ˣȻֱŪ񾭲ˡѪᡣе
̾˿Ҳ˭֪ôˡһ飬һ
Ϻ͵һۣ˵ͷ˵ǺǸ޷߶ʲôǴ̡ʲôġʲô˼
ҿŴϺ͵֪ǲӦðѿгʵҴһʼġһֱûд𰸡Ҳ֪Ӧôʹ˵ߴϣ͵ڸƲˡЩӵŬǰ׷ѡϿǺѽܵġ
ţϴߴٵǲҲ벻װһعǾȲ˵ˡ˵ν̷̣ҲöӦնסšʬࡢƤѾ˶Ӧˡ֪ĸ˭
ϵ˵ͷѵһжһʽɱ˵ʽҵ˵ͷǰɡְѴӿ֪ĶڡǴ̡Ľ˵һ顣Ϻ͵һȤ
˵˼ǣ˸ڽ̷䣬˽蹫ãбɱˣҲ֪Ӧôشֻʼ򡣴쳣˷ܣŹâ˵ʹ˷ӡǸϣʲôϵأ
ҿŴϣ֪ǲҪһشģһʾ䡣˵ǸǲûаףֻһݵĹˡûʲôرġҡҡͷԣһʲô©ġڵ˼·Ӧ÷˵ϡ
˿ңʦ֣ʲô˼˵ȻǡǴ̡Ȼ˱ɱǿǰҪˣôǲǾͿֹɱ¾ҵأ
һĴȣ԰ǾȨ˭ǵĸأ
Ȼѵ㡣󣬴󶼲뷷˿ڡƺ޻⡣޷˻˾񲡡һȣе㲻ԡ޷ԭԼҲھͿӹǴ̡ĳͷԼҲ˵ʲô뷣顣һԴıѵĸ޷


ʮ վ޷
ԴʵôˣͷʹһЦСһ뵽ʲôˡһʼǺ˵ġԲԣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵޷һһֱţȴûзŵصϵˡҲ˵ͷ԰ȷʵˡѵǵĸ
ҵ˵ͷҲǵĸҲǵûʲôһҲ˵ν뷣顣
һĴȣǻʲô߰ɣȥ޷￴
ʱϹѾһˡ˵ȳ˵ɡѾվĴЦˡʵ̫󡣲ǴϣǶ޷⡣
ǸϽ̻ʵĳ档żҴҵ˳ȥϹۿҡ
ϵľԺе}ˡʵҾҽԺ࣬ͦµĵطȥ
⾫ԺҿǵһôԺֻһյƵ·ơҡš߽˴¥
оĵģ¥ǲʱ֪ЩʶʶĽʱ˺ܲ
⿴˿üͷţȻҲеܲˡ徹Ȼҵķ򿿽ƺѰҵı
ҵһĸоеָۡоĻе㲻ЭһǾеۡ
¥칫ңҵֵҽ˵ǵ⣬ҽüͷȷˣɱˣҡҡͷһжĽǲұ֤ʲôҲܿŰܡ
ҽ˵ôھڵ˲СֲֻһţһtûбͨӦǺܰȫˡ
ʵ޷ôˣҽ˵۾Ѫ֮󣬾Ͳ˵ʲô۾е⡣ۿƵרһҲûʲôھҲ˯ûʲôӦ
̾˿ôˡǿȥ𣿡
ҽ˵ͷҲãɲԵ㶫ȵʲô
Ǹҽ˶¥ͷһ䲡޷档Ҵ򿪲t濴ȥһƬڡҽüͷ԰ӦǿŵƵģôƻˣ
ƵĿġҽ¡ĵûд򿪡ſڲt濴šе޷޷
û˻شϸ濴˿ںڰУһӰڻζǸӰ״˵ҿԿ϶޷ҸϽһ˭ʲôأ
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Ϻ͵ҵľٶ˹ʵ㿴ʲôˣһ߻һ߽еж
վһߵҽе㲻֪룬ɵɵĿǡҶеԿףԿס
ϽҵͳԿסҵİԿײۡҵĴšžͱҺʹϼһߡ
ҵһӡһƬڡŵһֵζζǼ򵥵˵߳ͿԽ͵˵ġһָӶֵζүүռǱ˵ζѵζ
һڷѰһ˼ڡסζ
ϸ˽ͬʱֵ硣ֵͬʱĵҲ
һƬܶϰǽ档Ƿֹ񲡻߷˺ԼġҲġǽǣ޷һšھʲôûˡ
Ҹҿ϶ҸղԼпһƶĺӰĲ֪
ҺʹϸϽܵ޷ߣط޷塣
޷۽գϵıɣһԼѵ顣ǻ΢Цҿ˿ϣϰַ޷Ĳϡ̽̽˵Ӧû¡
ҵ˵ͷ˿ڵϵ޷аŪѡͻȻ޷Ĳ棬Ѫҿʼ
޷ŵǾԺУߴֵŴ·ڿƲ˵ֻ֡·һֻڵ޷°档Ѫ·󿪡ʼһѪ㣬·ǰѾһȭͷѪӡ
վںϽһ˺޷·ǰһðѪ˿ڳˡվҽˣ૵˵ô
ϻعͷҽ˵֪ûΣ˰ɡȰɡû豸
ҽŻعԣԣ㡣ҡ
ϱ޷Һ͵߰æҽܽ¥ҡȻ豸ܼ򵥡ھרһЩԲСɱĲȵġϰ޷ŵ̨ϡҽӰƣʼ鿴
޷ֻһ˿ڡ֮˿ڿǲֻһ೤ҽһ޷Ƥ˵ôˣϴߴٵȲˣ˿ڷ˵ɡ
ҽ˵ͷİ˿ڷϡ»˵аַҽ˼ˣûʲôȻҲ¡û衣
ʵʲôʱѰҽҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡǱˡֲ֪õʲôʽ治֪
üͷʵҽǿɲԼ⵽ɷأҽ˵ͷѪѪҲԼ⵽
ϸϽ˵ǺáѪȥ⡣ҽ˵ͷһ޷Ѫ
ϰѪ˵˵ûȥϻ顣ٽмýϰɡͲûˡؼϢȥɡҰѳԿ׵ݸ˵˵ͷӹԿ˳ȥ
ҽʵô죿˵֧Ԯ˵ֿ˿ҡҲûдķ䡣ֻһšź̨֮һϡ
ϼ˵ﲻܺտǾŰɡ˵ֿ˿ҽҪǲԸԻֵϢｻǾˡ
ҽҡҡͷһɡ˻ûѡһҪʲô£һԴһ¡
ϵ˵ͷߵ˸棬һϡҺҽҲ˳ȥܾã˶˵
ҽ̲סˣʵܸң׳ʲô𣿡̧ͷ˿ҽ˵㿴ʲôǾͿʲô˵ʲô£
ҽҡҡͷ˵˵ֲҶǰȴһ˿ڡԼŪ˭Ūãҡҡͷ֪
ҽɲģ˵˵ġȻ֪˭˵ǸûˣʲôûСôأ
Ϻһ治֪֪ôȥġҲ֪ôֵġֻ֪˻ܵ˺áȻⲡ˿¾ûˡ˭¡Ҫ֪ˣͰץˡ
ϵ˵Ȼҽܽܵġҽ۾˿ǡ֪ȥҲûʲôôָֻֻ˳Ĭ


ʮһ ҺӰ
ϰҡվǰһǿԿŵ޷΢ķŵġϳ˵㵽׿ʲô
Ұ˴һۣӴϵĿڴ棬ó̡һˡҲһһڡ³оƽһЩŸղŵǺӰ
ϸϸĻţղǸܺڡһǿǸںڵӰӡϸǸӰӲӰ롭ͻȻǸն׵ϣзŴӰӡ
óͻȻҡһعң㻰ءʲôأ
üͷҾ⡣ʱ̫ڡһӰĿֻܿûа취Ǹ״ڼĻ졣
Ҳ뵽ʲôһ˵ǸӰ˱ն׵Ǹ۾Ŵͼ񡣾ǸӰӣ񡣡
һ㶣Ǽһܵȥˣ
һʼ򣺡ң˭Ƕվſڣûбĳڡ˭֪ôȥģüͷøˣѵǸ
̾˿˽㻹ǲϳϣе㼤ϣôϡҺͶӳ˵ץһһ֣ӳǸӣ
Ĵϵļ򣬶һѹơ
һҲ˵ôҲȥҪס޷ҲܶԷʲôɱ˵ûа취ǸûģҪס
ԾǿĴϣҲ֪˵ʲôźá֪ʵǰҲܵġⲻʱ⡣
ְʼûջǻүүǰİӡһڣǰҪģҪ֤޷İȫ
̧ͷֿ˿޷޷˯Ǹѵı顣
ҶԴ˵ʲôҶ׷飬үүûŪһҪŪҲǹһҪõӦеĳͷ
ЦЦеΪʲôԸ⵱ˡҾûɡ
ЦЦ̫ˡʹ㣬Ϊʲôư㻹ǵĻشΪ͹ԣ͹Ķӳ
ЦЦ֪ôͶӳأЦЦʵԼȥϵ˵ͷҲֻˡ
ʵǷζ𣿡ϵ˵ͷ֮ǰҲŹζûôŨүүռ˵ζ¾ζ
ҵ˵ͷϣŪζԴáǾ;ˡ
̾˿⻯鲿ֻܶԻѧɷֽзȴ֪Щʲôͺ鷳
ҵ˵ͷҲΪʲôҪЩͷԭЩǻѧʽͲ˵ġҪ顣Ҫ˵һһء
˵ţȵһߴ˽Ųú̾ӵˣҴҵ˹
Ϻͼ˵˵ͷԵ˵ҲǲؼϢɣҡҡͷûʲôɡȥҲϢá
εҡҡͷıɡתǼ˵￴ţҪȥֳסˣһ߷Χڣ˴顣
˵˵ͷͳǹӵţ뵽һ䱸״̬ĵ˵ͷкһߣǿֳȥ
ĸµ˶¥Ǹ䡣
ĵƻţһܵƣ̫ˣоȸղŻۡʲôûУûκμҾߡֻһӡڽ档
ǶڵϸѰţһַͷָװյ˱šֵζζͷ淢ˡ
ҵ˼ͷ֮⣬ûбķˡǳ˷䡣ص¥޷ûѡҽֵȥˡſ¡ݸһ̡ȴû˵ʲô
ЦЦ̣һ֧˺ʹһ⣺ʱ򿴵ʲôҵĻشҲһġ˵ҼǵǸӰӣһûͷ˵ӡѵĿǸӰˣ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷʧ˵ôӵõأĲˣǵİԶƲˡЦЦٻɱǸ˰
ʱ޷˹ǸϽΧȥ޷ȵĿǡܾò˵ôˣڲӦüǰ
ʵӦü˭޷˻ԴҸˡҵҲˣӦüʥ𣬲Ӧüǡ
ҿ޷ıȻ񷸲ӣ񡣾Ȼ쳣峺۾Ĵе峺Ĵ࣬ǰ޷ͺһܹϴһ쳣峺
ʵʥ˭
޷һۣҲֻ֪֪ҰҵˣͿ԰ҽˡǴ̡Ҿҵľꡣ
ҼʵˡǴ̡ǲǿţ޷˵ͷ˰̡ĵ˵Ȼˡ˵ôоôأ
ȷʵԴ޷϶ĸоЦӡҲһϴ̥ˡ
ʵ˭ˣ޷̹ȻĻصʥˡзҽܳͷ׷ʵʲô
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ϻ׷ȥס˴ϣȵȣа𣿡Ҳһۣ˵ûаɣ
ҼǵúǸɱ˵ܵȫҵĴϾûаǸüһһĵܵܣҲûаΪǸҵͷҿú
Ҷ޷˵ﰤһ޷˿ңƽ˵۾档Ǹܴ㲻Ǽû𣿡ҡҡͷ
ԾԲԾ˶ǴҵһӦҿ˿ϡ֪ҵ˼˵Ҫ²顣ô¡
ʵô飿˵黧ϣô¡һǲ̥
ҶŴϵ˵ͷ˼·ˡҿӦǸɱ˵ܵȫҵļһ
ҵȴܿġνɽˮ·һ塣ҵĴҾлҵΰŮˡ


ʮ Զŵ
˴ϵĻˡ˵Ҳɡ޷ҵ˵ͷͬ־һҪСġ뿪ߡ
ϵ˵ͷ֪ˣϴǸ飬ŪöӳһƢڶأҡҡͷ֪ʤˡ
Ͻסңȥ˵ȥ˿ͷʲôϵ˵ͷãá˽ҡ˹°ˣҸһ߰ɣ
ҵȻܾ˵ҪȻһ£㲻ɣҡҡͷû¡
˳һ·¿ȥղųȥã˯ˡһİһһֱͲϢʱӲְһҹŹء
ҷ˳٣ó·ƽȵǰСǵȵĺе㰵һֱ˴ߵСӡҪˮСӡС߶ʯͷ̲ܵҵĵᾪѣͰѳͣСӱϡ
³ߵӱߣֽСӣˮϴϴĺˮԭҲеƣңһӾվ˦˦ϵĺˮһ֧̣źӶ治Զլլ̡
Ҫ֪ҴһŮܵһܸˡһϲܶĺóԵģ̵Ц
լ񣬸еҡһͷһ֪ʲôʱѾ˳ˡ
ЦЦ˼˯ˡҡҡͷǹ۵ġӦؼϢ
Цҡҡͷؼңðɽˮģְ
ҿլ૵˵ȻҵļˡҲ壬һˮϴϴȻ͵վ񫡣УӨˮϻ䵽¡
һʱ侹Ȼˣһۣʵ㿴ʲôأұʵһ졣֧֧˵һЦСӿáˮҵĲ˼һʴˡ
˳ֱӿСǰųţ֪ǻҴŵһߣһ߽еʦˡ
ʦķ䴫úãó緹һ˵һԼеˡҴŵ߽ķ䡣ֻСϣ࣬꣬һС̲ˡʦǴһЦãã಻ˡ
е죬˿ң֪ͨλʦˣЦҡҡͷ֪ͨʲô֪е㲻ףĪСߡ
ҸϽ໥һ¡Ұ˰֣ȳԷ˵ǶһҹûϢˡԵӡ
Ӳ죬ʵʦ֪һҹû˯ʦһЦѿɣкȦ۾滹кѪ˿ʱ㻹˯һСѹġ
ЦЦԭҲ찡ٺ١˵Ŷ룬಻䲻ȣǡôʵô֪ǻأһЦɾˡ
Ŀſ죺ĿôġЦҸϽԲȳԷ˷˵ȤĿ˿һֶۣ롣
˶˵ĬĬسࡣ֪һ붼ˡҪһ롣ҶԿ˵ʦһԵ㡣
Ҳպóе࣬˵ûˣô࣬˳áҿһûгԱ
˵˾ܳԵôࡣҲֻ롣㲻ԺΪԲˡʣµİԣͶˡ
һ㶣ʣ˰ࡣ˿Ļҡû˵˵㲻𣿡
ЦЦʲôġνʮ޵ͬɣ޵ͬ͡컯˵ʲôದҵСҲٿͷ
ǰ࣬ҹȻˡ֮ǰһӦٳһ롣ϵƣ̬Ҳûˣľȡ
ԿҲȤʦ˵㲻ʦҪҲҲ֪ʲôʱ֪ҪԶٶ
΢΢ףЦ
ʵô֪أЦ˵ÿճѣȻһԣ֮νǰΡ
֮ԣһзֿǳʱصĶ
ȻմЩáµסǻָ¬ö࣬ȻҪԵ㡣ô򵥡
˵˵򵥣Ҫ¾ͲˡЦЦ仰Ͳ򵥡ɼл۸ֻᡣͬҿ԰ͨᡣ
˿죬૵˵ʲô֪վĺ棬ĺرȻ˼¡һգһˡ
ҸϽסԿ˵ôˣ̾˿Ѿͷ̫࣬Ҫǿ̫æ︸׵ֲá˯һȻܽʵ⣬һءټһ󡣡
ҿ˿û뵽ȻôصĸۡҰһߡ˯һصߡóҵͷݸ˿졣ϸ˵һ顣
ţ֮󣬲Űͷָ飬յ˱šüͷ
ҿſ졣ûôࡣ˺ܾÿ˵һѾʧ˵䷽ϡһ⻰֪ţ֪
˵ϣѾʧԭʼı̵ʹùġĲҩһֽѲݡһֽյơֶһֵʱûʲôǴյһ𡣾ͻֵķӦ
׷ʵʲôӦ˵ַӦڶƷʹ˲þ뵽޷˵ȷʵеĸо
ʵǾ˵ɱ֮ǰñɱֶˣ˵ͷġ
е㲻ˣ˵ӦòǹɵİɡǹΪôϣվҲûǿ󡣺ܶ飬˼Ҳ˵ġµֿԴԽа֮ǣѶԸġ
ҵ˵ͷҲסûôȷĽءаĶ֪ĶˡķɱǵˡҲɵ߽ҡҲЩɱ¼Ψһ͡


ʮ ּΰ
쿴ڳȻ֪ʲô˵һӵһķȻ˵Щʲôң˵ʲôѲǡҲɵߡ
˵ſߵ˷ĺǽ֮£һΣǽײȥֵǲûײǽһʧˡ
һ㶡ʱͷǽ̽˿ڳȴǽ档˵ǡǽ𲽵ķʲôҪҵ࣬ưͲ˼뱻ȥҸĶѧᣬҲ˽һЩ
ҵ˵ͷһΣֻصߡҲ̾ʦԳͿץ𣿡
ҡҡͷڿ֪ģ֪㲻֪ġҲ֪Ҳֵ֪ʲô·ҵȻ㣬Ҫҵ֡ˡһĬһ㲻໥Ӱ졣һĳһĬҪ»ָĬЩġõ
ҺʵĸһЩҲ֪Щ˵ġֻʵģʦ˵ǸһΪʲôҪɱЩˣ
˼һ£˵ԭûͷġǸһɱģǸɱ֮ˡõǡǴ̡ƺΪЩһ¡
ҵ˵ͷ޷ʱı飬֮ı֡ƺĵõ˽ѡѵһ¡
ǣ𣺡ǲԵġǵľ꣬ҲӦǸһһǺǴĳЭֵķʽɱǵ壬ȡǵꡣ
ҲʵҪЩʲôأҡҡͷ֪ʲô¡˵ҲʳǿֱߣһЩ¡ĿĻ֪
ҵ˵ͷɫصĿ졣ʵô˵صû˵أ
쿴˿ң˼ǡ˵ҷĽĵЩװطˮͬҡǲˮͬһʲô塣
üͷò˵ڿܶ鴮Żᷢ߶ˡ˵еصѡ񣬺˼Ҫĳһص㡣ɲصһطϵӲɡȻİˮͬҿбҪȥ
һǸˣðʦȥϿԵҼͰʦЦҡҡͷˡһԼȥɡҿ˿죬Ӳڿ
ֻ˵ԸԼȥԼȥɡʲôҡ
˵ͷʵ飬顣ôأ
쿴˿ң˵ΰŮӵǸץİӣ
ҵ˵ͷҲͷۡһʱҲ֪ô
ЦЦΰ㲻ú˼Ȼ濴һ飬ʵǺɱ˰ӽġΪɺ𣿡
ҳ˵ϵĻЩ̶ȷʵӦǸɺϡҪɺϵĻ̫ˡƺҪҵһҪҵеĹؼ
ⰸ䣬ƺֱӹϵǲǿҵҵ˵ͷˡһᴦ
ֿ˿ңôѵ㶼ᴦǼ»𣿡ҿЦŵ˵ͷٺ٣ҪԼ
ҲЦȻҪԼɡҪءһȥɡݷ㡣
Ц˭ҡҡͷ㵽ʱ֪ˡҿ˿һ˯ĵ˵֮ͻˡ
Ȼ֮󣬵˹Ǹ˿졣ߡȥ·ϣʱƣ״̬ྶֱͥˡһֻСһһֱߴߴ˵ͣ
Ȼ˵Ļǿ졣ڿ֮Ȥ˺ܶҲ֪ôش⡣˵Ϊʲôұָָ˯ˡǲʲôԸ
۵Ŀ˿˵ʦ˵̫Ҫǿ̫ࡣкˣᡣһ·ߴߴĵ˵ˡͷ˵ʵûʲôģҺԸæ¿Ұ
̧ͷ˿ҡɣģЦЦȻģʲô͸ҡҵһʱϵЦЦлл
͵ؼ֮ҴҴҵĸϻ̽硣Ϲһң˵һҹʲôˣҰ򵥵˵һ顣ϹҲľѡ˿˵鹻̼ģ񲢲۰һҹӡ
𣿡ߵ˾ǰ棬˿еԼȻȣһҲһҹӡаЦһǿʦĹЧˡ
Ϲ۸һ裬ŵ˴̨ϣ˵ҪҪϢһ£ҡҡͷ㿴״̬Ҫ𣿡Ϲ۵˵ͷǲҪ취ôԸǮҿҪˡ
һص˴ϣóţᣬݸϹۣĨ۾ϡȻٿƬ
ϹۺĿƿӣȴûʲôֱĨ۾ϡǰһУİĿԿĿԿǸһϰ壬ʲô
Ҷ豭һڣ˵ţᡣʦġͿԿЩˡ
ϹһʵǣҪǮ𣿡ҡҡͷûõģٻ·ϣˡҪǮԼѡӣ취Ѿˣɡ
Ϲۻص˵ͷ
ʱˡǺòֶԲǮˡҶϹ˵пˡ
ϹߵŴ˴šһ˽
ֻϹ˵롣糤档
Ұ칫ҵŴˡһ˽ֱҵĶ棬̧ͷһסˡ˶˵ôˣ¬糤ʶˣ
ҵȻʶԶǡ˵ͲˣΪҶΰ
Ҹеһ˿⣬ǿƵԼΰЦЦЦ˰ɣ
ΰһĺƣЦЦ˵㶼֪ˣҵ˵ͷϣĶ硣ǰľǻһ׽һЩ
ΰҡҡͷСӣҪʧˡȷʵѾˡǰһ졣Ѿ֪Ǵ˵Ҿúܲڡ
˵ǺαءҾӦðǮߡʹҲᾡҵŮԸġ


ʮ ʵʵ˵
ΰңЦЦôˣ˵ǮҡҡͷǮûʲôϵֻǾá
ΰ֣Ұ˰ڣҪôûˡ룬һŵʱ򣬶ںǮ˸ӲںˡЩǮţʲôжѡҵõҲãҲҲáҶûˡΪҶƷţһᾡҵġҵСһǧΪ͵ġ
ҺǾȣȷʵǴֱʡʱ򣬾ֱʵѰңôҲأʵŵʱʲôȥˣ
ΰ¶ʹɫεҡҡͷܶ鲻ô򵥡ȻǮڸλҲҪ֪ߴʤǸʱɣѰԼŮȨûСʱҪҵСҲǰСˡ
ҵȻ˵ۡҲôңŲɵʼ򣺡ȷ˵ҼбľҲʹࡣⲻˡһǲ̫סΪʲôѡأ
ΰ˵ͷ˵ȷȥ֮ǰҾͶйоƷоʱҾ;ѰŮϣԱõӦõĶ
һǲ⣺ǰ޵ôҰæأ
ΰЦһҵȻ֪ҿʡһǰźԹͿ겻ɢ֪ҵһʱǸո룬Ǻôӣ
üͷ˿̨ϵ˵첻˼ҵͷ߰ɣ
ΰ˵ͷǡػҹҶûأ㡣
ҸϽҡ˫֣ҿܲûؼңؼҡУҾҾˡҲңҲˡŮʧֱӹϵһϵеɱ˰ɱ˰ֿ²ˣ֪ûʲôϢ͸¶һ¡
ΰЦһⷽ棬ҲǸ硣ֻ첻ĻʲôϢҪĹİӡôץõ𣿡
ʼ򣺡ʱ˵£֪ҪġôͷǣҲ֪˵ŮɱйϵǺܽŰ
ΰ˼ЦЦ˵ʵôЩûŮߡܶʱҶûоˡˣ˵ɱҵŮʲôϵ
ɻĿ˿ΰлЩɡ˵ʵҲûʲôϵֻǵЩˣһĶɱˡĺ档ҲѰŮ˺ܴ鷳㵱ûѰҹŮ
ΰң˵˼ɱЩˣ˵ʵϣЩɱġúǡҲĲ֪˭Ҫ֪ĻĲŹǡ
ҿ˿ΰеɽֵĸо˵ƪĲ֪ǲӦڵʹţҲܰô
ΰƺҵǣЦЦ˵ĲͲˣֻϣҵҵСϣҸ˻棬ֻȨԿʱӼ
ҵ˵ͷЦѾǮˣİɡҲְҵµģһᾡġ㻹ʲôʱ
ΰҡҡͷҲֻ֪֪ػꡣʮ֮ҾͲˡеҲ֪٣ܺ˵Ҫˣİɡ
ҵ˵ͷİɡһᾡġ˵仰ΰѾ֪ȥ
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Ϲ˽˿ңֿ˿ҶӡȻǷָղүûˡ棬ûпү߳ȥ
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ЦЦͽв˰ɣҲЦˣҲ̫ñˡжԸǺܺʹġܲ򣬾Ͳ򣬺οҲûʲôա̸Ϊ̸Ϊ
ҡҡͷôĸо˵¬㵽ва


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ֻЦĶԴ˵һΰĳԡҪ׼һӦʲô״ʲôǼٵģ档
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˵ݣ˶ʮһ¥ˡݿʱ䣬˷׷׵űӣֹţʲôζ
ͨ죬ĬҺ͵ЦŴϡͣЩ˶Ƶܳ˵ݡµݵʱ򣬶ͷݺݵĵһ۴ϡ
ûˣֱʮһ¥ȥһίҺ͵Ц
϶ݺݵ˵Сӣôζ
ʱ򣬵ݵ˶ʮһ¥˸Ķ߽¥С2106ǰվһ¡һš
û뵽žȻšҺǾȣϸһԭźķź֮䣬ʹûûϡаУҲ
Ҵ˷ţ˽ȥϺ͵ſһɣҲҧҧ˽
¥׷һֻܴлеСưɵĵšĴ󲿷ֻǺڰġںڰԼĿ˦˵ģҲŮ˵ġ
ҵſһ죬еƹ¶ʱĽҲźĵ̺ҵǰšһѡҡҡͷ
ȻǲµʲôˡȥЩҾòԾ濴ȥ
һҪҵһ˶㡣Ů۽գʶšڴϡ
ϵǸˡŤšһһĶŮĿУҲһһĶŮĶꡣҲһһĶŮ塣
ǹжǴŮĸӲһѴϣϱ˹һҲɵˡ͡г
ԭǲ뿴ġҺʹϵı鲻ԣҲ˳ŷ쿴˽ȥһҪŮӣŵý˳
һǸ͵ػͷ˿ֻȱ˺ü⣬еĵطƤҲҡҡλεĹϡ
ֻ۾ûۿתš촽Ҳˡ§ĵݺǰ߹ǻ§ţֲ֮
һûιȥһҵϡ
ҲŵòᣬʱѾ׼ûԤϵġ
ұסģϻڴе㡣ڹϣѾϾ͡
ڵĶߵ˵£סǼ󡣡
ȻԴ˵ϰҪŮľˡ
ʱĴϽعһ߿ţ˽ȥֱǸһǾ죬һҴ㡣иûǹ
һֺֺЦһһ̫ˣƽʱ̨ʶˡˣǹô¾죿
Ҳ϶ˡһҵ壬վֱ塣Ҳ˷䡣Ǹ˵ſ
ǹûۿ鿴һûκα飬֪Ǻ¡ֱͻȻ˴ŵĻƲӣ¶˾ֵı顣
Һңϣһֵܶı顣ҿϵı飬Ӿ֡ǸһĹǻҹӡ
Ҷ˶ǰһ˵ſȻԶزĹˡ
ǹ꿴˿ңֿ˿еĻƲƺ˼һ¡Ű쵽ŮкͶĹһĶ˻ȥĹȴûջ
һ˻ƿǻŻ˵˭ΪʲôҪƻҵ飿
ϸҪ˵ֹˡҿɲ˵Ǿ족Ļ
˵̽ԣǹ̽ҽ¬ҲﺦˡĹҲγȻҾͲˡ
˵ţͳһƿмۼѪ
ҵС˵һ󷨱Ҵ򿪲ƿĸӣǹƺŵۼѪζ˵𣬱º
һҲã˵㣬γ˺Ҳ˺㡣
ǹ룬ջ˲ŮĹӡŮһ˹ȥеۼѪǹϽ˵𣬱ǻȥˣһͺˡңɢġ
֪Ůû£˿˵˹;ȹˡ֪𣿡
ǹ˻һʼģеӢ˵ģ⸱ӣǶһʵΪʲôҪ
ǹ̾˿ҲҲΪ֮üͷ㵽˵˵
ǹ˵ҽгԪ飬һžžġ
ҿ˿ֱʱҲʵôģ
һʣԪҧҧ˵Ǳҵźġңļһ𣬰ҲݲݻˣȻ˻ĵ֪Ǹתɷλʮֶ񶾵һطҵĹǻҹ˴㣬ųꡣ
һ˿еĻƲ˳ȥڴ϶˵ɱҶأҪǶŹġ˵ⶼʮˣҲˡ
ûҶҧҧһۣû˵ʲô


ʮ һžž
ûϣԳԪ˵ŹݵˡŪҲˡʲôˮ湻ġǸʲôˮ𣿡
Ԫ̾˿ôãҪǲõĻһﺦ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷô˵ˮ֮˵ҲǺиݵˡѵŵļǸˮ
ԪҡҡͷȻǣǳӵĹʦǸѧҵġѧģרѧˮ˶Էˮϲо
Сֹо˾Ϊ˺ˣ
Ԫһıߣ˵Ҳҵģһŵʱ򣬾֪üȥģ£ûҹܡԭΪһӾͺˣû뵽ˣҸˣҾǸִɰ
̾˿ϸ˵˵ô¡ҿǲǿ԰һ¡
Ԫ˵ͷϸ˵
ʱǾһеϰࡣʱĳԪ飬žӡ˳ú˧ʵͱһŮϼˡ
ʱϼҲǳһĳ׷ĳԪ飬һļϡ
˶˵һԽͯŮ֮ϣ˻ҲܶʱڳϰࡣҲûʲôƶࡣӹĻõġ
ǵһžŰ꣬ӿʼת͡ҹ˿ʼ׷¸ڡΪ˫ְԱҪһ¸ڡԪԼǸүǣôȥأǳԪ˸ڡ˵ĻȥϷغһ⡣
ǳԪΪ̫ʵᾭв㣬µģȻƭ˻ʧܣԪص˼硣Ƿе㲻һˡÿƯƯȴôɻųͻҲԷ˵ϼͳһȡ
ԪҲϼ̸ϼûгϣҲûзϡֻ˵ڼﶼôʲôʱȥôǮһ仰ͰѳԪҭ˻ȥԪ鱾ʵšǮûʲôƾʵݣֻ
žʱ򣬳תͣ˺ܶĻ豸ʱ򣬳Ĺʦΰ¡ΰ긻ǿǳĺѡҪְһȥͺϼˡ˴ûȣ顣
ϼκͳԪ飬ǳԪǲͬ⡣ž·ݣΰºϼıöҩ˳Ԫ顣ϼǳԪţɥ²ݲݰͰѳԪˡ
ΰ»ǸͨˮˣΪ˿£Ǻ³Ԫһܵأһˮ֡ݺԪ顣
˵ԪѾ˵ʮˣ˵ԩԩ
ҵ˵ͷڳԪǺͬġûйϵġұһ¡ͻȻ˵ʲôҿ˿Ҳڿҡ
ǵ۾һʳԪ鵽ǵĳǲˮͬǸе
Ԫ˵ͷǰʱǳڱкġǵĹʱһأ
ʵκϲʶԪ˵ͷʶǳ
ҵ˵ͷʵ˵ʵǲǲͳǸʦΰ
Ԫ鲻˵ˣҡҼ˵гΣϯԲԣ
Ԫ۾ôֿ֪˿ңӦ֪Щ
Ҳηѣˣ˵ǻеǸӣһžžǸӣҺ͵һ˵ͷ
Ԫ鲻ʵʲôžİӣžʲôӣ
˵ž꣬Ҳ֮󲻾ãǳ˴ӡǳκ񱻷ʬˡžǹϯնסαšǸʦӦþ˵Ǹΰ±ࡣһŮҪǲµò
ԪӹͷǲǱ˰ƤǾЩģޡ
ҿſĵĳԪ顣Ϊģôĺ˵֮ǰǲ֪ģ֪ġһΪģ
ԪЦһӣ˵ʵиϹĹЩ飬˵Ǵ̡Щ˻£ǴˣӦ̷зġû뵽ġһΪֻҵùǺһûк³
ϹʵʲôϹ
Ԫ˵һ·Ϲ
ġ
Ҫûһٱѹš
Ҳûа취ҵķˮ
߸ңҵԹأΪŮ˲Ż
ֻгƭŮˣϵĴ֮кҵԹ
ʢҲͰܵصķˮγɿ⣬תͶ̥ȥˡ
ҾͳƭŮˡ
ûеŮôƭ
ҿ˿ڴϻԵŮ֪˵ʲôźáԪᵽϹҺܸȤ
׷ʵ֪ǸϹ˭𣿡ԪҡҡͷҲ֪ҽϹҽܶԭֻкܴԹ뺦ˡʵҾ˵ĺܶԡΪʲô˿ԺңҲԺأ
ҡҡͷǲԵġ˼䣬䡣һ˵ġӦҲںˣҿ԰Ǹˮ㾡ȥתͶ̥
Ԫһ㣺ģ㲻ƭңҡҡͷôƭ㡣ûҪ㣬ûɴʱϽ֡Ҹһ֮ҲǺѡֻҪ㲻Ǻ޾С
ԪϽҡҡͷҲޣޣûкʲô޵ġֻҪҸһĵطҿתͶ̥ˡ
ҵ˵ͷİɣҡǸŮô죿
Ԫ鿴˿ϵŮ̾˿ʵ⼸еϲˡǺܼįǸŮˡһֱҲûؼңֻҪúûˡ
ҵ˵ͷˡں˵˵ǸϹ顣
Ԫ˵ͷʵܼ򵥡ÿ챻ˡֻԼҲ֪Ҫ϶ꣿһ죬ǸϹˡҺƣҼǵǸ˵˭ҲҪ¶һǸϹôġЦ˵ܼ򵥡зģһͦߣǸķˮ󣬶˵ֻСơȻ͸ҽ˸ղ˵ЩһġģҾͿ߳ڰεֻҪʱ̫ɹžС֮ˡ
ϲʵǸϹʲôòԪһЦˣǰɣǾɡ˿òǹʲôӣͱʲôӡһиǰӣҪҪ
һڣ
ЦЦԳԪ˵ȥɡҴ㣬ҸõطˡԪǧлϴ˻Ʋƿ˹ǻҹķ䣬ǳԪһΣˡ
ôԳԪĿŮ˷šϣŮԺܿ԰ΣҪλˡҪǮʶˣӣҲȥˡ


ʮ 
ҲԲˡ¥صŻƲڴʵô
˵򵥣Ҹõĵط˾ˣҪҲߡߣʦسҹȥ
ҲЦЦȷʵû֪˾žİӵ顣ǸϹ֪Щ顣ѵɵģ
һ߿һ˵ǹɵˣ˵ҿû˵Ųŵ⡣һûҶҪȥ
ϲ˵ˣʲôҲ֪ǴϵУѾûʤϲãһį
ҴſԲµЩʲôǸǹĻֱǵŬȫ׷ˡҲ֪ôȰϣΪ֮ǰҲ˵ˡҪԼ
Ǻܸˡ˵ץҲͦ˼ģֻҪʵҲûʲôһʼôˣʵǸҹ
ʱԪӹǻҹ洫˳С㣬ҵ㣬Ҳ˵ɡһӾˣ±Ͷ̥һˡ
ƤͷҲ
ЦЦҪ˲֪ǼĪΪĪ˵ˣĪ˵Ǻǣ⻰еġ
˵䣬ӵ˼ſڡ˳ûа塣ϹѾӭ˳ɼһֱڵǡƽĻϹһڡ˵죬죬ݡϾͺˡ
صûˮ׼ϳԵĸ⿪ġһ߳ԣһ߰ϵ˵һ顣Ϲú档˵ǹڳϣлһ˿־塣
˴Ϻ͵ҿϹۻе겻ӡаο˼䣬˵ģҾͰǻҹõʦˡ
Ϲۿ˿ңʵϰ壬Ǹʦ𣿡ҵ˵ͷϹ˵ȥɣ
е⣺㲻³ϵǸϹҡҡͷûʲôµģЩڻҪԵġҸȥҺʦ
ҵ˵ͷǺðɡϢɡ
ڶ죬˯һʮ𴲡ЩûϢôáһͷζûϴ֮󣬲ŷ֣Ϲʰˣһֱڵҡ
ڵĳ͡Ϲ˳Ϲϳʱ򣬻Ƴһ۳ϵĻƲӡ͸Źֵɫ
ʲôû˵˳ϵ졣ﴫ֣˸еɡҿųǽȥ
һ·Ƕ˵ĬĬֱ֡СӱϣϹ۵۾̾
ҵ˵ͷǰ㿴СӣǱ߾ҼҵլϹۿ˿ҼҵլЦ˵㿴ҵլͦȺڵģһǵҡ
ЦЦҼԭҲǵǸũҿųˮСӡϹźˮǿġ˵Сʱ򣬴ͷҲһСӡĺˮϲȥ档ǰְҳ£ǲȥ
һ˲Ϲۺ˵СŮСӵˮȻ˵ȸԾҷ˳٣óСжнһ˺ӱߣСʻȥ
ϹֵĿ˿ңô㲻Ȼؼҿҡҡͷ̲һؼҡʱܼϹۺֵĿңӺʸǿҿ֪ҲʲʲôӲû׷ȥ
ʱҵĳѾСĸǰҺϹ³˽ȥӭ˳ҽܹϹ֮󣬿ֻۣ˿ϹۡζЦЦ
ϹۿſʱҲһ㶡Ȼû˵ʲô۾һֱû뿪졣첢⣬ЦŶ˵жҲǳɹˣ
ҿĵĵ˵ͷǰȻҵĴķһҲûϣҲ׼㣬˵Ǹ֪һЩž갸ӵ
˵ͷ˵˵ȱϸ˵˵
ǽ˿Сϡǵϲ衣ϹһֱɵɵĿſ죬趼Ȼ
ҸϹ۸ǸȴҰ˰֣֪ѵǸĻ˻ȥ
Ұϸ˵һ顣֮󣬵˵ͷúܺã̸ΪԺΪ˹֮ԹޣܶʱᡣҪŪȥɻԩν֮£ɲᣬ಻ð
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʦһ¡
ʦ˵ͷ˵ɣ
˵ҴӦ˳ԪĹ꣬ᵽһõطҲ֪ʲôطãʱͰиˡ
˵ͷãҰ㣬֮ҪԼŪˡٸһ飬úѧѧôġ
˵ţϷһĴóһ飬ݸҡһⱾǹɫ㣬ֳȥġ
ҽⱾ˵֪иǵˮʦġⱾҲһˮˡ֪λʦأ
һЦӿɽҲȻ֪ѧⱾҲǲѡⱾǱʦس˲µ˼룬ͷԡּӽ˲ҵĵúᡣЩԴķϣѧס
һȻҲŹЦԭģǿҪݶˡ
ͻȻһ˵ҪݶҪ͸Ҫܹӣ͸ˡǸˣһԵ͸
ҿ˿ͻȻһĿ죬е졣ϴһ飬ָһ顣ҺԼдģӦһ޷ֺšΪʲôҪ
һʼطʱҽʦһΪԸԱ˽ʦҲǶƺôִΪʲôֻҽʦѵĴ²
ҿ񣬿ЦЦһ֪ʲôҾ;¡һǾÿ֪ʲôҪ²ǲҪأ
ԽǲҪԼ£Խ롣һʱе㷳ҡ컹ЦͻȻ˵
⻰˵ûͷûԣ֪˵²ⲻ˵ʲôҲʡֻЦЦŪȥ
첻ٿңתϹۡԭһֱſ쿴Ϲۣôһ˼ˡ
ЦŶϹ˵һʮأ֪ʩɺá
һ⻰һ㶣ɣϹۺʶһʶʮꣿ
Ϲ⻰Ҳһ㶡оˮ૵˵𣿡
һͷˮȴЦЦԵ֮ˣעҪϡʩѾˡҲϻοˡ
ѾоЩʲôʱĻ죬ǵʿʦ֣СϹ۴Сӣ͵ڵĸһ


ʮһ ӼŵĹ
Ϲ۵˳þãͣסԿ˵ʦлл㵱ҡ͵һ˼ҡǼ˼ȻԣǶҺܺãһЩҹҲܺáĺܸл
˰֣˵ôĸлһжԵ֡һжעġҲһӣڵһ£絽һ죬Ͳ飬ʦܣôĴ񡣰
Ҳһ˿ƣ¶˵ҲǺԽܵһ¡
һʱ䣬˶˵ƺڻ䵱ʹ龳
Ҹɿһ˵Ĳ󰡣ϡǡ
챻ҵصʵҲЦЦԵԡԵ֣Сˡ
Ϲ۲ᣬҲЦЦǰԵ֡ǿʦ۾
ҡҡͷûʲôЩû˸áʡȥܶķա˵ʲôҲҪһЩۡһ۾
⻰˵ĲףҺϹ۵Ȼסûа취׷ˡҲֻա
쿴˿ң˵Ҫ׷ǸӡסˣǹֻҪˣͻֻҪȥңͻҵ
ҵ˵ͷģһ׷顣飬ûʲôۡ
˵ͷҵĽۻ֮ǰ˵ǻСѲݡ͡յơֲĳɷ֡ûеطģҲ˵ԼġоֲﶼûСֻصĴѩɽвŻСõֲס
ҵ˵ͷ
ȥ·ϣϹƺ˲١˶ʮǰȹĿ졣ͺ׵ˡЩѹƺй˳ȥһߵңеһ˿ɡ
һ·ϣϹۿΧǵ䣬ȫûʱֵˡţҵֻˡҸϽ绰ϵ𣺡¬أ
˵Ҹմӿʦأʲô£
м飬һǸն׵ϣ֮ǰԼһӼšӼŸձˡֵ˱ĳˣŻصġ
һ㶣ˣǲǵʱǾͰǸӼ
˵ڻȷҲ˵ҲࡣЩ˵ǸйϵǸӺܹؼ
ǵȻˣʲô飿
϶˶˵¶ˣǸпڱУ˿Ƭϵˣа̡
һ˷ǻʲôץ
˵ֻǼûȷҲżء
磬㡣һҪץҪˣûˡһҪϵİ
µ绰Ҽӿ˳١һ·ϻ̽硣˴ϡİӡԭΪֻΪЩ˲˿ڣܵ˳ͷڿе㲻һ
˺ǲΰŮġϣǸӼŵųô˵ˡʹ޷ǲѵ˵ҲŹ
е벻ͨҵһ̡֧ķұ۾ŵǸС顣ϣǸӼŵųһСȻӼġСﰫĸӣһ˫۾ĿŰԼߵˡҪӼҪСССĹԲ˵ÿ컹ҪȣǺȻҪܺܶĥĥһģĺ޷ܵġ뵽һ۾ԣϣնסٵڣĺҪģйϵڿǹؼһҪҵץ绰ͨ˴ϵֻ
ϣҵϣĹϵûеһЩͬ־һӼŵˡ
ٺ٣ЦЦ֪Ҫһ㷢ȥ
Сӣˡã㷢
ҷµ绰ĵȴšʱյʼϽ㿪һб
ϸؿһ£ܶ˶ʡֻڱСһơһࡣеַҼ֮˳ȥ
ڳǶһСҵƵļҡţһ̫̫ţ˵̣𣿡
̫̫˿ң˭ʶЦ˵ҲʶֻһˣһӼŵʱˡ
̫̫̾˿ˡԳѪڼˡʲô֪ɡ
ҵһ̫̫˽ȥȻһˣݵˡ۽һ̫̫˵ˣҲˡҽ˵ȥˡһӣҲûôڻˡ
̾˿˵ʲô׼Ҫߡ̫̫˵ˣҪ˭Ҳ֪һҲûϹ࣬͸ͷӡ˵˵û׼ʶ
ҵ˵ͷʵϣʶɣ̫̫˵ʶôʶʱӼŵųôģʹ˵˸ɱˡ
ҡҡͷǣǶʮǰϣǲһСŮ֪֪ǸСŮ
̫̫۾һ˵ԣʱǴŸСŮ˵ǺԶݡ˵ϣѧӼġ
۾һţæ׷ʵǺǸСŮȥ
̫̫˵ˣһˣôģ
̫̫˵ʱǵӼŵߣݡиû˿ǾµĵطܡǴεһƫƧ¡ҪݳͷһǸŮֱŤųʹһ١֪ô£ǸСﾹȻˡųˣʹȥ׷·ǣǵѣһСǼܡСһǱǳˡ
аô˵û˿ǸСﱻǳˡиСǼҲľǸСȻҲпǸСıǳˡ֮󣬾ͱҪЩ˵ԣİӲڲеġ֮ǰЩ˭أѵҲǸСʱû趼֪ʲôطأôأ
˼ţ̫̫˵Сӣ㻹ʲôҪʵġһع˼ЦЦ˶ûˣһʲôлл㰢̣ˡ
ҳƵļңеɻࡣ˿µĵַ򽪺ҿȥ
¼ϵĵַڳߣҵһ֪ѾǨˡ֮ǰס˶ǨﲻԶһСָиϵǸС˼˴ҵڵļҡ
ſ˺ܳʱ䡣ǲŴ򿪣һӲߣԼʮҵŮ˿ҡҸϽ񣺡ʽס𣿡ǸŮ˴һ£ʲô𣿡
ҸҪ˵ͻȻŵһ֣ϤζζǴ洫ġ


ʮ 
ζŹһΣһҲǡǾζֻšѲݡ͡յơζ
һ󼤶ûеŵζʵ̫ϲˡζܣҲûκĸо֪ôأ
ó񣬿ڷŮе㲻ˣŵСӡ㵽ʲô£
һع˼ЦЦԲǽɣ
Ů˿˿ңԣҾǡʲô£
˵һ˽̽
˽̽Ǽ̽ǸʲôأŮʵ
ҸϽ͵˽̽ǷǹٷġһίˣҰѰ걻Ů
ø֣ŮҸʲôҿɴûй˿ڡ
ЦЦȻˣô顣ˣϣʶ𣿡
˵ͷȻʶǵųŶɡ
ҸϽлŽ߽ļҡļҲǸСӡȻܼ򵥣ʰĺܸɾһҡζǴһ䴫ġ
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ʮ ˮ
ҡҡͷˣˡϢɡȥȥͻȥˡ˵ҲҿǹҪĸçײëǹ̫ˡ
˵ͷҪ˵ʲô˵һȥˣ˯һϻҪϰࡣȥɡ˯
ڵ˵ͷðɣҪСĵ㡣飬ҷš֪ƽҪʲô飬͸Ҵ绰
Ҹĵ˵ͷӽҲǣˣҲǣˡ
ѵͻ˼ңֱӿȺСһֱıſڡҴӺ˶ϴ׼ûϵһЩҲһϡ򿪴߽˱
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ϸһǴϵˮηġҲ֪ôˮһֱͣصš
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ǹ꿴˿ң˵˵ĺϵΪǸʦû뵽Ǹ硣ѧͽ㲻ϡ
ұϵףе㲻Ҫ˼һ˵绹ǴʦҪҪǿԽ⡣Ȼ֣Ȼ飬òԣ˵һҿ԰㶨
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˵˰ۣ¶˲Ұ׵塣м䣬һ󶴣Կ档
Ҿһ㶣ʵˮҿˣûˮůġ
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ҶǸ˵ŻŻҲˡŪ˼סԺħҲ̫ðɣ
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ҵ˵ͷҲ򵥡ԺͲٳˣǹһ۾ΪԸ۰
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Ϲ˵е˯ţͼ滮Ӷɽ棬˼·ߡԽҰǿͨġҪǰû·ʲôȥ
ЦЦǾͺãϢɡһʲôʱءŪˡߡ


ʮ 
ڶ죬˸硣Ǻܺáġϴ֮ڷС緹
绰һӵ绰·ʺģ̽ôʹ绰治˼ż̽ô֪ûа취
ЦЦ취е㣬һɣ
·ʺԵ˷ˣ˵˵ããһ͵
µ绰ڵĳ緹ҵİ칫ңſҵ顣
𣬴Žˡҿ˿ϣֵʵʲô˼Ҵˣ㲻ϰ𣿡
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ЦЦǰϴεĽѵôҲҪҪڹġ
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ҡҡͷҲʲôǮ׬ãЩС顣ҲûʲôǮǲյġȥþãװ·ʺŰǮ
˵¬Ĵ·ʺǲˡԺʲô飬֨һ·ʺǡ
·ʺĳ滰ЦЦؿҲܰôࡣ
·ʺ֮Ҽſҵ飬ԽԽ˼һʱ侹Ȼ;ڼϹ۽緹Ҳûԡһֱ˰
칫ҵıƿˡҵǰһ㶣е飬ӭȥһѱסôˣ
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ҵ˵ͷԣ顣ҪšҲǺ˵ڽҵЩ֪ǸŮֵӡҪȥ
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üͷͻ¼ʲôͻ¼
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˵ͷҲǡ޷Ԥ⡣ǹҡ˵ؿҡ
ҿŵС¹ײ糺죬ѪѹһƬհףĴ˹ȥ
Ҳ΢գҿ˹ƬĽӽӽ
šǸϽֿ˼Ŀ˶Էһۡ
ʵ˭
ϹŽˣ˿һЦ˳ʵϰ壬ϰڼҳԷɣ
һ죺˵ᡣҺٺٵЦš˿
˵ðڼҳԡ㡣ҪҪϸ绰
ֵϹˡûҲû˵
ЦЦҿУϹϴ绰
Ϲ۰һۣȥˡҲ˳ȥ
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Һ͵໥һۣһ˾ơ
Ȼ磬һ㶼ĸĵĺܿġҲȵá
ҷ֣Ϲۺʹϣе㲻ϲεģȻûʲôƺ˶ڶʲôָо˵û취ʡֻǸ
ֱϺ͵ˣҲûʳϹۡ־Լе̫ˡֻðѻʻ˶


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ڶ죬ˡû뵽Ϲ۱ĸ硣ʰ˼򵥵ŵ˳ϡְϹĵͼ뵽˳ϵGPSϡ
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ҿԸܵõĸܸܺӡ
ܵģ᲻ҡֲҿװµӡӸۡ
վڳϣң˵ȥɣԼСĵ㡣ǵøҴ绰֪û¡
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ܾҲվֱ壬۽ǣۡ۵˵ϰɣ
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һ˿ȷЩġڸٹ·ϡǰľɫһǿͷĹ·й·ƻƣװ׵
ҾȻЩľҲе͡ͻȻҸеڳһӰƺڶЦ
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һ˻ԴԼһ㡣ĴһЩֺŸ裬ֵһ̡֧Ÿоöˡ
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֪˯˶ã˹һƬڰأеת򡣷ֲ嶫òߵֻҰֻֻϵʱʾʮʮķ֡
ǰҹʱ֡ôʱˡһǻ˵طе񴲡ϸͻȻǽǴϸ΢
ᣬȴСüͷûжֻϸӦЦֻСĺ֣ܹ졣
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һѵʲôһֱң
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Цûˣܾһ۵ˣļҵ
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ε˵˵ʵҲȷʵˡǸС
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С˵û£ֻҪӦҾСԼҵ
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үüͷʲôүĹү
С˵Ҳ֪˭ҡ˵ǽĳᾭ֪㣬ͿԻصҵļ硣ҾͿתͶ̥ˡ
ҸĪͻȻˣ֮ǰǸԩԪҲᵽһϹѵϹһ
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һع˵а㲻ẦҰɣ
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С˵㲻𣿡
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䣬ǰһΣ׹һССӰǰͷ̶̵ģϵٶǱġҲģȻǱѹ
Ȼ׼ǿСӣǾòСҡҵ֮Ĵʢа¾ģһתͶ̥


ʮ Ĺ
ҡҡͷˣ㻹ɡʵ̫ˡģһȥǵģҴ˸ʲôȥˣôһôԶ
ôһ˵СˣʱСҲǺܶ¡ҼǵǱ˼ҹߵġܣܵٹ·ϣͱײˡײҵˣҲˡұʬҰܾãűһ˸ˡײĶûС
иӲ̡ʵ̫ˡҸϽȰοˣѾȥˡͱˡҴȥתͶ̥һ˼ңˣ
СֹסллˡϢɡҶˡ죬һɡٻɡҾͿһֱˡ
е㲻ףⲻѾΪʲôҪɡ
С˵ֻĳϣ²˳ɡͿԸ㵽κεطˡĵطҲȥ
ҵ˵ͷ֪ˣͦ鷳ɡɫ
СЦЦǺɫġٺ٣鷳ˡ˯ɣҰţ֤롣Ӷҹ
ЦҡҡͷıɣҪ˯ˡ컹Ҫ·أ
˵ֵ˴ϡСҹϢˣ֪ȥ
һͻȻ˯ˡԼһСһİķ棬оеֵֹġ
ָоûйһ˫ε۾ڿԼ
ǸС˵˵Ҫ·ٲ˯쿪ܲˡֻñ۾ǿԼ˯
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һ߿ļҾѡһһСӣȻмֻû뵽⼦Ľô󣬺¥¡
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һɡϣӵ˺ϡ洫һлл
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ҵһɽꡣһһ̫档ˮһЩԵĶҲЪЪš
˳ҪЩˮͳԵĶ̸̫
ӵľ룬̫ҡҡͷû˵ӡʵ֪塯𣿡
̫ſһۣȻ͸˺伫ľ⡣
һ㶣û뵽̫ŵȻôʵ˼֪
ֿ̫˿ң˵ˣôӣ
Ȼ˵С˵ģֻ˵ҲûʲôϱԾʡ
̫̾˿ȷʵ֪ططڶʮǰûˡ
ûˣҺ֡ҪûСôȥʵôûˣ
̫˵ûˣûˣˣûˡһûˣʲôӡûˣʲôûˡ
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̧ͷ˵˭֪ǶˡЩҲ˵˵˵ˣ˵ˡ
ҿҲʲʲôֻͷҵĶ
Թ˶ߵϣ˳ţóӣ̫װˮҴ򿪳ŵһ˲䡣̫ҵĳһۡ
ת̫˵˼ңװˮɣ̫žȻû˵һ
һ˻еıӣе˼ҡ˼ҡ
̫ŻعûͷûԵʵĳôаɡ
ЦЦһأ
̫ſһۣ˵԰ɡз䡣˹
һ㶣û뵽̫žȻ֧֧˵˵ʲôôܣҡ
̫ŴҵĻ޵ˣ
ҡҡͷ̫ŵ̬Ժ˵СӡĪҡЩǼġҲŵġҲܹЩ˵Ķݡ
֪̫ŵˣֻõ˵ͷ˵һ·ϵС˵Ҫص磬Ȼ޷Ͷ̥
̫ŵ˵ͷʵѵ˵ļҾڡ塯
ҵ˵ͷǰҰǸС˵һ顣
˿˿ҡʵ˵ģҵ˵ͷ
һƨӱϣ˵ʱʱҲڡ塯
Ļ֪Լ¶ˡһ̫ŵı飬֪һ֪ЩʲôҸϽ׷ʵ˵˶ôѵҲǡ
̫ſ˿ңҡҡͷˣĪ˵ҿɲЩֻʱҼ޵Ǹӡ
һ㶣̫ŵ䣬е㲻Ծ̫ſҵɻ˵Ǻļ޵ġʱʮˡ
ŵ˵ͷ
̫ż˵Ҽ޹ȥһ¡ͳ˺ܶ顣ʼеļٺʱյﲻã˭ҲʶҲ˵һҶһӡǴûзģ
ʵΪʲôûз
̫˵Ǹڴɽ棬ǰû·ɽźһ·ҲǺܺáһСôʧһǽɽҰ޳ˡʱ˵˼ˡû壬ˡ˶Щ˰ǺӹˡС˵ģġ
ûף˵Ľһţһš֪νֻʵôģ
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̫ҡҡͷò߳ģôٻȥ


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˵һȥԲԣ
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ҵ˵ͷĿ⻺һ㣺̰֮ģ˽֮뵹Ҳ˵ùȥǺĻȥˣ
̫ҡҡͷȥûȥҰҵļߡԭӦ·ĵطûС֡ʱƣѬġһҧ߽ӡ
˵̫Ŷ˶壬е㲻͸һ˿Ŀ־塣󣬵ʱһܿ¡
û׷ʣĬĬĵ̫šΣ̫Ų˵Ӻڵúܡ⡣Ҹǵйӡ죬ȻҲ·ҲȥֳһֱһطתȦʱҸҲ߲ˡҾˡ
˵ʱ̫ŵ͸һ˿ҿһһطתȦҲ·־顣Ҳ֪Ӧǡǽûô򵥡
Ұ̫ŵһ裬̫Ų룬һڡ
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ֵ飬˵Կһ֪ЩΪʲôأҿҲû̫šϹҲûᵽϹʱСпܲǵáǿĸô᲻ǵЩأ
̫ŵǸΪʲôҪ̫Щ̫֮ŵǸӡǡ̫ʲôԼѵһ¶Ǹʲôô
Ҹеҵ˼еҡͻȻһһȥһϽоһס̡һ߰ѳͣס
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Ҷ˶񣬿ʼ̥˾ţ֮Űѱ̥ϡǸѾ޿ɾҩ̥ӵ˺档˳
ҲĿЩ߰鶼Ժ
ұ֮ǰߵˣɽ·û·ƣʵһΣյ顣
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ַһɽŶɽϵĹ·Լľ룬еġǲǰߵҪȥĴӡкܽȻӿٶȡ
̫ѻȫ˴ɽĺ档ԶԶĿɽһӡһŵСӣݶһǡðĴ̡Ҳееˡ
Ҽæ٣ڸϵȫ֮ǰ˴ǰ档
ŴӣҰ˿֪һ᲻ҵһЩأ


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Ұѳͣ˴ڡƵ˴ͷС·ϡӿյġһˡҲûʲôô
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ЦҲеһů˵磬ġ·û˭ҿԽ޵ģ
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ҡҡͷ˵˵ĲĺӡʮǰǲһӼţ
˿ң˵ԣһӡʱһءҲͷһοӼҼǵʱǴ峤ȢϱǶϷӵġǴδ峤֪ӼšǴӺܶ˶һǵһοӼ
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ҵ˵ͷԣǸСŮ㻹ǵ𣿡
üͷûҼǵϣӼųˣ


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ҵ˵ͷǸСŮ֪𣿡
˵ʱ򣬳ҵĺܡҶעŮˣûǸСŮӰҲǺ˵ǸŮܵˡԣˡǸŮӺˣӼŵ˻ɽšҲûҵ˵ǳˡɽǵģûбǳԵġ
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ҿ˿ֻоŵ࣬Ѿˡֻ˵ϸ磬Ϣɡġ
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ҿ˿Ӳѡ˵ŵķʲôطжԶ
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˵ԴǸ˶ˡǸҲûˡԭǸͺ֡˽Ǹĺˮһǰ׵ģһǺڵġˮԽиǸӾںϣҲͽС塯ˡ
ҵ˵ͷ֪塱
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˿ֻûźšٿҲûźšǼ˹ˡ֪Ӳҵĵ绰᲻żҲûа취
ݴ壬ȻһС·ĺխһȥС·ɽɽ¡ҾĶǣʱ·Ҫա
Ͻо񣬲ȥЩֵ飬רĵĿһֱɽҲŰѳͣ߶ȼоеۡɽ¿򿴿ݴ塣Ǹߴľסҵߡ
ҵһ֧̣ճڡͻȻҵĺɡļˡСҲ档
ԴȻ˸ɾǸͷȥǿС·ûа취ͷ
̾˿ֻòɽȥȡɡˡһСҲ̫ۡ
˳ʩչɱɽʱҵ˴ڡͻȻܲԾ
ķӺҸղſưܵöࡣġ
ô£еơӿ˲·ԺʱҿղźЩҲ֪ȥ򡣶ǸղڵĵطȻǺĻҳӡ
Һǲ죬ô£һֱܵļǰסˡ
ԭƯĴ߷ˡԺһưܵéݷ̮ˡסˡ
סġֻһĹôӣ
ԺӵĴҲˣ߽Ժӣһߣһߴؽţϸ磡ϸ磡
Ǹû˴Ӧҡѵ쵽ղŶǻþûˡߴ·һطֻһ·ߴҲѰ
Ұ˼⣬ȴͻȻ֣ҵĺɡͷƷ̮ͬĿϡɡ棬һٿҡ
ҸϽùɡȷʵҵɡ滹һķ䡣ҡҡͷɡС𣿡
ɡдСڵģʵûое㲻Ծ
Сش𵽣ûаôˣ
˵ˡڲһЩ˶ûˡô£
С˵ҵûô
üͷа룺ѵˣЩʲô
˵ز˾ҸϽ˳Ժӡʩչɽȥһһ߻ͷŴӡӺһС
Ӿһưܵľ󣬸ûˡҵҲһ
⵽ôأ


ʮ ֻع
С·ȥ
һҹͰľе㲻ǶǹĻǵĿĵʲôأ
һ߿һ߿һ⡣ͻȻһˣǲҵ塯ˡ
뵽Ҫȥ塯뷨ˡȻĶǹôƪҲġǵĻӦòšݴôҲһĴ壿ѵҲʲô飿
ţͻȻǰһ䡣һæ̥֡ѹ·ת˹ȥһЩɳʯ̥ѹ飬䵽ɽ¡
ɰʯɽ¡Ҿһ亹ֻɰʯҪҵĳ¾군ˡһǱˣСĿΪϡ
ҸϽʰ飬רĿһֱɽ£ųһƬ΢ƽءҪͷֻԡ
ͣ³һ̡֧Χɽľҿˮ²ԶĵطСӻϪ
ķ羰Ĳֻûʲô顣ٿֻ͵ûźšеɥڳһ̡֧
Ÿе˵㡣еϳǰһ·СģȻ֪ûжԶǻǿ˽Сʱ
ԶԶĿǰĴӵʱѾˡ
˴ӣһֱŵҲҵĳ˴ڣƣš濴߶ͻȻһϤĸо
оңԶΪ졣쵽ݴڵʱ򣬴Ҳġ
ҵһее㲻Ծҿؽ˴ӡմҲǺƾɣûпԱҲûйкͼ
ѵһմ壿ҧҧذ˰ȡ
ڴصûӦ
Ҳһ·ǷӡϤĸоΪݴĸֺҿ档˳·һûŵԺӡһ˶éݷ
ҿŷסˡ䷿Ӻһصݴʱ򣬿ķһġһģһġ
ѵֻصݴ塣ҵһƬҡ
ҸϽͷԺӡ˳ӵǰ̨ϣнӡǽӡҵġϣŷŹɡĺۼ
þûлعҴӿȥģһ·㿪һ죬Ȼֻصӡô£
ϳ˳ԺһĿհġǴɽ磬ĺ⡣
ͻȻҸоӰҵĳǰһΡҸϽɲס˳ӡǳǰյһƬֻгԺмѾ֪˶õûӰ
һңѵҸղſˡ
ԼԼǰһΡĿһӰӡһţȥǰĺӰҡҡλΣԶǰһʧˡ
Ҷ˶һɡҲиһ˳ӡųƵĹǸȥ
Ժưܵʯһ߹һѾӡԼԼĿ֡
ϸĿ˿ſдšݴίᡱ
Ҹеһѣֻصݴˡ⵽ô£
ҳɡϵķ䣬ųССңɫѿôˣ
ҵһ֧̣һ˵ҿһĳֻصĵط˵ô£
С̾˿ҵ˵СǽĹ겻߰ɡ
ʱҲ侲һаС˵е˲ҵ塯ΪʲôҾͲ֪ˡȻһԭ򡣿ղŵǸӰӣҵģһжӦýȥȻûңӦûʲô⡣е̸
һص˳ϣҵ֮ǰ׼չõĶϣ˳߽ԺӡԺӵһƬڡֻмķƺһƻ
ǵƻޱߵĺڰУԵøӹ죬кΧǵζ
߽ӡɤӣʮĽеɣװŪġҪҿ˭ʲô飬ҿ԰ǵġ
ҵĻ䣬ǰǽϳһ׹⣬׹ⲻۡǽϻȥ
ͻȻ׹һǽϳһһ֫ȴûͷ˵һĶǽϻȥġ뵽ϣ۾зŴ˵ͼӦһ
һţöҲץеɡǶǽϻζӰһûй
ƣͻȻǰľֱˡǸץһˣǸ˴һƷڵģһǹȥľƷҪȥʱڡ
ǸûͷץǸƷ˵ͷƷ񣬵ǿԿһб۵ˡ
б۱ǸﰴһϡͻȻֻɵĹжһλεĶöеͰֶ
Ǹб۵Ĳһһб۵ͷ­ͱˡǹŵб۵ϡ
龰ϣһֱϣԼͷ­ͷ­ϵ۾ţֻһбۡ
ҿؿѪڵϻʣžͲˡ
ûҷӦǹһʱڵľƷˡǸҲ񣬲ԺĿһӡĳëԸĿ
ǹѴӷŵһƽĵط棬о޴һĶǶĶĻһ¡ӵĶһӱˡ˳
Ǹﲻ֪ʲôʱһͰϸİѴӵһӳһһϴһ顣ַŻص˴ӵǻУдѪɫˮӴӵ
ҿܶʬˡҲǴˡֳݣͷһο
ȻڿӰһҾȻŵͷųζԸܵ˸ǻȡҲֲĸо
Ǳݲû¡
ǹٴһƷˡ˴ԲԲĺڿ۾ǹ泯·ŵһϡеĹֵӰ¡۾ͷ­֫ذΧ
ҸеһϢ߻΢۾Ƭ˫۾ƺе촽˶΢Ǹ۾˷ġ
Һ߿ٿȥˡֻûһ˶һͷԡұ뿴ȥ
ʱǹһˣһӡǸϣû˷ȻƮƮ
ŷ֣ǹֺܳӾٵϸߡһֻŵ֣ѵ׼ӵĺšһӲ˽ȥ
ֻ΢΢ĶûСǹһָֻŪųĵõӵתšӵıȴһ㡣
ȴǵתǵȴĴ̶Ҹоҵ񾭾ҪＫˡҲҪˡ


ʮ ҵ
Ǻ۾ҪǿԵĻѶͱҲϡЩʵ̫̼ˡ
ͻȻȫµļⶼҵʹˡұҪڵͣҼĻ档
е龰ֻˣǸٴεץһˣҲƷȴ͸ղŵĸƷһ
ԻǸģǼû϶ҪúܶࡣҼϵļҲҪ༸ǡһ١
źˢһС\ƽʱһϲԼĺӣΪǴСӴʵǸɾҪϲٵʱ䡣
Ҳͬûʲôɡֻ촽˶ţƺ߶ʲôȴ
ǸȻûͷƺԸܵЦǴһָоӾ޹ء
Źֵһεľûô١Ǹźӵ˵ͷһѪûп
óһ룬ɫҺ塣ɫҺ˳źӵͷϵ˿ڣ˽ȥʱҺ嶼˽ȥ
Ǹźӵ˵ıҲ˱仯ЦǲһַĵЦ⣬ڹܵЦ⡣
̧첲ץšģץӱָףƤϻЩ̶
˵ĽҲŶǸͷĹߣҲƺı֡
ͻȻ˵ҵĶ͵һΣͷȻͷϵ˿˳
һûƤͷ­ҿԿѪļ⣬кڰ׷ҸеҪŻµĸоҺƣϵļⲢҵָӡ
еŻ˳ҵҵϡҸеһ񣬿ƫƫֺް취ֻƾŻҵ
ǸͷĹͻȻ֣óһӣֱûƤͷ­򢴦˨һֵĽᡣķϡ
һӣǸ˵Ƥаҡš
ƤҲ·б˳һżƤ
üëͷëеë档һߡ
ǸҲǼģûһ㵶ۡҡţһӰڡ
˿˿ʺļ⣬ڳ鶯ѪܵУѪ
ҵĴԿʼָֻǼ򵥵ĿšҿЩⳡ棬ҿǱʵ¼ûĳһһġ
ˣ졣ûֻ֣šбۡӡ۾ƬӻСڻƶ֮󣬾ȥˡ
Ϊʲôҿ￴ʱ龰
ͻȻǰһʧˡһӰӷŷزӰ񣬶һʵʵڵ塣ͷϺֻǡϸһһľͷ̫Ѩȥִұ̫Ѩľ˶ûѪ˴۾ͷ
ұһҺ֣Ѿһܱһȴһֳ֡ƶ
ͻȻеԶˣһ˵ϡڿлŻҾҵĿֱѿеĶ˳ҲŸоһ㡣Ÿղŵ龰ٿǰ塣Ǿúܲ
ʵҲһֱ֪ģǡǴ̡̳档Ǹͷļһ˭أ
ţͻȻǰͷСľĻƶ˵ˡһؿѹĲϷġ˻Ƶͳ϶ʱӡ
ƶ˵ԩԩҲŹЩ˵ġ
˵ҲԩġѾȥˡΪʲôЩ
ƶٺٵЦˣЦȿ˵㿴ܵ˳ͷҵõĸǡûǲҲǲҲõõͷǲҲ㺦㺦Ŀ
üͷͻȻеЩͷһ֪ʲôʱ򣬵ǿݹǻáǡܵǽҲ֪ȥǱһտĿռ䡣ϵĿݹǺã֪쵽ޱ޼ʡܴĹߣ˺ѷΡ
ƶҵǰЦ㿴ٵԩǡûйƽҲûֻҪ㽻Լ꣬ԸеһУԱ㡣ɣ¬ֻҪǩԼͿԵõͿԵõҪһС
վŻƶĻͬʱе³µĿݹǺһҪɵҡʱݹѾû͡
һ£ָûãҵĳĬҶԻƶ˵˭ƾʲô˵Ļûк˭ǩʲôԼ
ƶҡҡľͷûУԺûСڲǩԺǩ㲻һ˻ϣ㻹ˣѡһҵġҿԸκζǮŮλȨһǩġ
Ҵؽе㲻ǻƶ㵽˭˭ΪʲôĿҡ
ƶЦʲôļٵģʲô塣㿴ʲôʲô
ʱ򣬿ݹѾҵؿڣҸеһơҴؽе㣬áǴ̡ɱôˣԲԣ
ƶЦԣҲԡǲǷҵģһծġȻҪ֪ԸԼ꽻ҡô̡ͻǽѡһֱҵ̵ˡٺ١Լɡ
ʱݹѾҵ򢴦ҵ壬סˡֻͷ档ѹŤͷǸе汻صĶʵʵİţ
˵ЩʲôѾ˵ʱֻǸ˵ţǩ˰ɣǩ˾ͲѹˡֻҪǩˣͳˡ
̨һԼǧҪҪǩаҡʲôûв鵽Ȼ֪ʲôĶȻһҵӦôԸѵҵ
ҵ־ıϣſͻȻ˿СƿǺڹѪϴ׼Ķ
ǰǼаģѾûʲôԽˡҪңұ뷴
뵽ұ۾ס˺ǿ˿Уƿӡ
һָֻѵĲƿǡǸƿšġֻһȦһȦŤһָȻе
ֻĵһһתҵǻѾƵĺҪըһ㡣һѣΡ
Ǵֻһ£ָֻһŤƿǡһ־ȴ޵ļǿ
һҪȥȥҵҲ̫ҪǰҴûżͷҲ֪żˡ
߻лƶЦҵĴãҼᶨıһһҪǸƿӡ
ڣҳʧȥ־֮ǰҵָŤǸƿǡٰƿӵáҸеڹѪ˳֮ʲô֪ˡ


ʮ ӳ
ѹʱ廹Ǹ棬ǲǽڡǰһ󿻡һƬڣ¹Ӵ͸Ŀӡ
쳣ưܣǽǴ֩ӭƶҹ磬ƮšһôİղǹֲյȻ޴档
ҷŻڷƵؿڣճճģմϵĺڹѪ
ҿܣ˿һţûҵ
ҰϵĺڹѪϡʱûоӣҪоҿԿһ¡
ɡվڻǸеŷ߳˷䡣˳šл¡ڼʻϴڵĴ
ͻȻ洫һôˣ
ҵĻڽţ˵Ĵô뵽˶˵һ͵ػͷľȻվںС
СңҲһСһײ˳αϡ
Ҵ˼˵ˡôͻȻͱĳˣ
СҲ˵Ҳˣϵʲôÿ°
ϣǺڹѪСҲǹ꣬Ȼÿ¡
ҴӳҵʪϽһ߲һ˵ǺڹѪղ˹ġ
Сί˵ϳʱҾˡû
̾˿˵Բˡһ
Сң㵽ôˣһعͷʵѵղŵĳûп
СҡҡͷʲôվﲻߣҲ˵Ҿͺ˵Ȼسˡ֮ҾͲ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷûáҲʲôÿĶ
Сû׷ʣ˵˵ϵĴӣ
ҵ˵ͷҲ˵ˣǡǽ֪ô߳ȥأ
СҡҡͷҲ֪һֱǹ»ҰҲûʲôûЩǰﲻ㡣֪µľǼ
ҵ˵ͷǾ͵ɡ
˵˵һնûСΪѾһˡʱһһ߲ȥһǽ
ʵڲԸ³ȥҲʲôֻÿϣ۾
һ񣬸оЩˡ֮ǰַ˿ҵСӡƽ⡰ǽİ취
˵ˡǽ˵ġǽֻǹ㿪һЦ
ܶĹ»Ұġֲܺ˽һǺ˵ʱ򣬾ͻЦʧתתȥһط
Цֻһˡȵ֮Ȼͻˡ
ǵܶԩסʱ򣬾ͻᷢܶԹͺС
ʹˣҲûа취ѡתתȥǻصԭĵط
Ҫмˡȣ֮ʱҪһûмҲҪѧһС
һпʹԩһáҲʹԹ١
ټĳ֡ѵʱʱֻҪűа֮Ϳӳ졣
˿һжǺѣаӵóȥ
ҷ飬αϣֱ۾ԭΪ˯һһ۾ǰǵӰ
۾˿ֻûźšһЩԹסźšҪ͵ϵϣ˵ʲôҲҪ
̾˿ֱ۾֪ʲôʱ򣬲Ž˯ȥ
ͻȻ˯УҵǰֺŵӰһģˡǴ̡Ļ档ǳҸղſһģһҵĸҲһһΨһͬģû³
ҵǼͻرġǲεġУҷѵġ֪ԼΡ
Լѹɲ˯ҲԸΡҷ֣Լʶѵģһ޷֧Լ޷ԼĴԣظЩ档
ֻòŬȥ˼һЩ⡣ǸûͷĹﵽʲôҪʿˣҲֻ֪Ǹʲô
ΪʲôһҪҿЩ̵Ĺأһ鲻УҪټһ顣ֲȥҡ塱ֻһϵġ
ٵ֮ǰ塱ˣҾȻˡһϹۣһ̫šҵ߼Բɺϡ
ɺǲڵģһĳϵǾǡ塱һЩܣǻЩǲȥҿЩܡ
Ҿá塱һǴ̡йϵЩ뷨ҸӼҵ塱ľġһҪš
ΪʲôҿֻʱڵǸǴ̡أоΪʲôƶôֵֵʲôأ
ƶԩˡôǸִСǴ̡ˣ᲻أЩİУеִСǴ̡ǲһأ
һ⣬ҵԺڡⷴҲȥЩ˴̼ĻˡЩʱ򣬻Ѿˡֳ˯ȥ
֪ãͻȻ˹ʱֻ˵ϡʹһѹҧˤ֡˿档컹ûɽѾʼˡ
Ƕ̫ڱȽϸһɽɵġ֪̫Ҫˡ
Ȳֵʹֱ³Ŷѧһ߿ļҶԼģ»ǺġоѧĿȦɵ㣬ȻܺۼȣҲа˷ơ
ѧļ̫֮Ҳ¶ݡɽƶɽҲȥɽбһƬʡ
дϲʱߣʱϽóڹѪϡڳͷĨ˼ѡϳɽΨһһ·˹ȥ
ɽȴٶȡһط˵ĥұӿٶȳ
ѶСһٿ쳵Ҳûһ̣ǿеȻҲ
ҵĳ׷⣬ϵƺҲңڣҵĳ嵽ɽ
ͻȻϵһŮ˵GPSź
һ֮ЦˡǳϵԵʾGPSźˡҸϽóֻֻҲźˡҸеһӳĸо
ҸϽͨĵ绰ʱϢһӿ˽ǵ͹ġ
ǵĵĻʧȥϵ죬ž޴ļ尾
ڣ绰ͨˡ绰Ǳ߳˵ƣ¬㻹ðɣ
ͻȻһֽٺͨҪ޵ĸоסˡԼƽ˵Բװġɽһֱûźšûа취绰
ҵƽҲƽŶֻûźšҲûа취ֻҺܵ㡣û¾ͺá
ЦЦҲµģİɡˣǲûϢã
ЦЦǰ춼û˯á
۵˵ȥϢһ°ɡ


ʮ 
һæ˵绰һΪõϢһ¡һ˾Ҳеֲסˡ˵ȥһ޳
һ˾ֿ֮Ժװʱʱġ
ҵȻȽϴҷԼе
ǲôҺͨ˵绰ú˺ܶࡣҲǸجΰĹ塣ôһֵҵ顣
˵㶫п·ˡ·ôգȫһˡķ羰Ҳࡣ
һֱ磬ҵǰֳһӡԶĴӿԿڻ
ҵлЩĵϾǰεʵ̫ˡ
ҷ˳٣ڴͷСӱͣںӱˮĺӣҵĳƨ˹Χҵĳؽţš
ҵȶࡣҡ²һȽϴĺʵСѣʲôطСЦЦݴ尡
һһ𣬲ɣֿһ죬ﻹݴ塣ҾеԺе㲻š
ʱһ߹ĺǳЩӣСˣƨɣӿסؼȥȥ
źܵˡǸתңʵ˭ʲô
ҺǸ棬һǼġ֮ǰѿڶϸ磡
Ǹһ㶣ҺЦЦզأֵܣʶң
Ҳ֪ǲʶȷʵһһ˳֡һҲ֡һ
Ĵϲϼ룬ǾԲһ˫֡
ٿ棬յ£ųӰӡ
ҵ֣µĴңֵܣҿ벻㣬㵽˭
һʱܸ֮ܲǰһ壬һһģһһֵ˰ɡ
ֻЦ˵ϸ磬ú롣ҽ¬Ǽġֻһ档
ֻûҵ֣Դ˼֮󣬲˵ǲǰЩ꣬ҵϼġиõһһԷġ
һȻ˸ӣûɲ˳Ͻ˵ϸü԰ǣǡ
ٺٵЦЦɶüԣβԲסզ˻ðɣ
һ㶣뵽˵һᵽõܡϽ˵ãأ
Ц˵զˣƧġǹͰ壬Ҽҡ
˳һųӽ˴塣һƬϢҼҵݶ϶ðŴ̡ҵĳ˴壬ܶ˶վԼҵǰҵĳڸʻϣԺĶЩ˵Ǻǣ˵ѣҡǵжĽ۹⡣ҲһƮƮȻĸо
ЦЦЩйֵġңŪиоݵġҪһǣһ³ˣһѺڹѪ
һ߿ųһϺڹѪӡЦ
һֱǲ䷳Ž͵ҵЦΪԼҷЦˡ˼˵ңֵܡյĺܣˡһôõĳϸ϶й⡣йⰡ
֪ˡϽ˵ûб˼ϸ硣Ҿġղ飬ЦЦɱᡣ
˵ʵڣҲЦˣٺ٣㿴ǸˣǺҪϣĪЦ
ҡͷ˵ᣬᣡ˵ţҽеˣˡȥ㿪š
һС·ϳһţԺӡĴ߷˵ǰ쿴ǺܲһġＸҼҶǴ߷ļҲ̫ϡ档ҵԺӵǳĴ󡣺֮ǰȥĵطһ
³˴šҵĳɵؿԺӡһ̣е㱣ΪǰһоͺǰϼһһҺڿʵ¼
ͣ³ǸеЩԺġĳţɣֵܡˡ
һӦţһ³ע⵽Ժ棬żһƹƹңſڵϲл
ӡĸҲΪơֻݵϣ̵ˮһ֪ɽժáˮĺʡ
ֻһߵĵӣֵܡˮ
ûпץһƻҧһڡᣬͣѵİƻȥ
ЦЦɽϵĹӣûǳ𣬿ǺʣҲûũҩóԵϡ
ҧ˵ڶڣ׼оûôᣬϸƷζȷʵƽʱԵƻζ
ҴҳԵЦЦȵɵ㡣һҸȥ
ҵ˵ͷʵϸ磬ôһˣ
Цһ£ǰЩˡиӣܵȥˡЩⶼסܡȥ˾ͲЩҲҲȥǳһ٣ðѹЩ˲һҪġϰˡ
ҵ˵ͷͳݸһ֧ӹ̣Լˡ˵ֵܣôԶܵǲʲô°
ҵ˵ͷϸ磬һ¡ҡ
ҵĻû˵꣬ԺӾٽˣϸϸЦЦӦһߵԺ
ֻԺһ긾Ůһ˵˿ˣûŮˣ˭˰˸ˣǱСˡȺŰɡ
ͷ롣ŵԺϡҽеֵܣٺ٣˺ð˲ˡǸȵ㡣
ʵѾܶˣûʲô˵㶫Ҳˡ
ҸϽ˳ȥһµĲζʳָ󶯡
ʱ½˼񣬶˼СˡкܶҰˡֶвһӡ
óһƿӰ׾ơҵˡЦ˵ϸ绹Ѱ˼ԸŪˡٺ١˶Ūˡϸɳԡ죬Ǻúúȵ㡣
㣬ӵһִӹֻص˼ĸоҺ˾Ʊһ롣ԼģûЩƵζȴһζҶߣЩ
һֱһϲܵˣȻϷŹҺƱյһЩ⡣
廰滰˵ˡʵֵܸղ˵һ룬㻹û˵ʲôأ
Ҵ˸ãȴһ㶼ܡǾƵζ˵ǵһ¡һʮǰһС
ȻҲо⣬Ҳûкȶࡣ˿ңʮǰˣʮǰӶϣ˭ӣӻࡣ


ʮ һ汾
ЦҡҡͷȻǱġ𼱣˵ꡣ
ϵ̺гһ̵֧ϡ۾ȴһֱң´˵Ļһ
˵ʮǰһӼšһСŮġ˵ʱӼ˳ȥһʧˡ֪û˵
˿ֱ̣˳ڿɢ˵һ˵ҵ㡣ôӼûݳֻסһ¡ڶ죬ȥ˱ͷˡ
ҵ˵ͷԾġǵиСŮ𣿡
˵һСŮǿޣͰ͵ġǸӼŵųŵġ˵ҾˡֲǸӼŵųǴԭӡ
ҵ˵ͷ֪Ǹô𣿡
˵֪סһϣˡȥ˱ͷһЩ뿴Ӽ͸ȥ˱ͷ˵Ǳ߳˵顣˵ˡŪ߰ģл˸СŮӼŵ˶ҵˡûҵҾͲ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷʵʱûȥЦЦҲȥո֣ʱҶˣɩӲȥһɽ·ߣҪȥü졣ûȥϡ
Һ˿ھƣʵûȥģ֪ʲô𣿡
˵ͷУڵȥҽ˵˵ؽһ
һڸڵԺӻӦɶ£
ֽе˵¡
͹ȥ
˵䣬һ׳˹һֱǵǰ໥һ£к¡
ҲʵڣһƨǰЦǺǵǣɶ£˵ɣ
˵ֵܴӳʮǰͷӼ顣
˿ң˵զˣǳҲûӼҪҽ
˵Ī˵ֵܳģȻмʶ֪һЩ顣
ҵ˵ͷʵӼиСŮԼӣǵ𣿸Ǹųġ
һɣ˵ǵãôСŮǰ򣬴˾Ϳޣء
׷ʵأ
ץץԴǸСŮˡ
ҸϽ׷ʵˣܵȥˣ
ͷε˹ģ֪ܶǴɽӼŵҲҹûҵǺ˵ҵˡ
һ㶣ҵˣ˵֪
һһŮӣǺԭǸͲһҲ֪ǼһҵġӲ˵ǰǸҿ񡣡
Ǹ֮ǰû˵ʵ㲻ǼǴ˰ɣôû˵£
ѹٺٵЦǶ֪һ֪ʼǸСŮˣ˶ȥˡûӼˡ˶ˡûߡǸʲôŮԱʵƯҲߡܵסĵط͵
һڣɫզ¡
Ϊ⣺ɶǸųŽϾǸԱٺ٣һҹ˽У涼ˡٺ١
Ҫ˵ʲôֹˡʵ㶼ʲô
˵ʼšųͳˡһȦܵԺȥˣһǣֺˡų
ҵȻϣûʲôȤǿ˵°ȻҲҴţٰˡֻ˵š
˵˵ǵһЩЩЩס˵£ǸųǺȥˣų˵ɽϵǵȥˡŮ˵Ǹô죿ų˵ô죿ҵһСŮȥˡŮ˵ҵСŮų˵ͱˡ˵ꡣ˶Ūˡ
˵Ļûע˵ˣȥˡüͷ˵еȱۣȥ
һعЦЦûʲôͦ˼ġ
Ҷ˾ƣֺһڡ˵Ķ֮ǰûҲû˵ҳǸС˵ĵЩ
ҰϵһеˡӦǸСŮܵˡЩȥѰҡ֪Ϊʲôҵˡ塱˳ǣ򣬰ѡ塱С˳֮ԽСΪ֮ǰܵǸСŮǽСϣҲСҲġ֮ͳ˳
ڷҲ˵һͷĺȾơͨˣͨˡ˿ʵϸ硣֪塯𣿡
˿ң˵ͷ֪ô֪ûˡʮǰûˡ
ʵôûˣ˵֮ߡǴӱƫƧֵءǼ󣬺ˡˡȥҽƶӶˡ´ȾһѻˡǱͷǱˡȻûС塯ôףҲ˲ٵļˡڣûбǣզģ㻹ȥ塯
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷûˣʲôûУȥɶ
ʼ򣺡Ҳûɶȥ֪·𣿡
˵֪ӱͷҵǸǡǴԭںϡĳǿģҪԼ߹ȥɽ·ߡ
ҵ˵ͷ
˿ңҪȥɶҲûУɶɿأ
ЦЦû˵ʲô
ǳ˷ʱҲǺڱ˯¡ԼҲ˷䡣
Һ͵໥˼ţƾҲˡԺ˯˹ȥ
ҹʱ֣ԺͻȻĹұѡڵҲˡ߳ӣԺѲһ߻ֻС˼䣬ֻȥ˯ˡ
ûöаơͻȻСҵǰһܾӡҿʵôˣģܱʲôŵ
Сδӣ˵£ҡҴУˡ
ЦЦʲôµġܰô
СһôҪǱֹϣ㲻ûҵĻǵġǿɲһĹרſҹŵġˣ˵ġ
һ㶣˵СӣӦòǼٵġʵôģ
Сǰأ˵˼Ҳ֪⹷ô˩ˣҪҿɲǽ𣡡
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ǹ˵Щڡ塯˳ǣĴһӡӦþ㡣죬Ұ͵塯ȥͿͶ̥ˡ
СǸˣ̫ллˣүûƭҡ
ҿС˵ӣ˵ˣҪϢˣ춼ûϢãԼСĵ㣬ǹ㡣
СЦЦûµġһصɡУҲˡ
һ˵úóҲǾƾáʱѾ˵ˡѾ緹ҸϽϴ¡緹·ߣҪ̡
߹ѵʱֻ̧ͷĿһۣҡҡβ͡ҵһǲӦðϣ


ʮ 
ҶֻıϡϸĶֻֻģһ㣬һĻëֻϺצЩĺɫ۾ϷɫС㣬ͺֻ۾
۹Ҳ˵ĹҪࡣϸĿ۾Сڵ㣬֮ëСĻƵ㡣ϸĺֳֻ۾
ֻֻ˿ңƺܡβҡĸˡ
ЦЦֻ˵ԸԸȥֻƺҵĻվֻҡţƺڴӦҵҪ
Ҿú˼˵ϸ磬⹷ܲܽң
Һе⡣ЦЦˣҪϲȥɣҲһֱŵĹ֪ġҪǲĻҶ˨Ҫǲʹɡ
Ҹ˵ؽ⿪˩ӡֻ˻ͷ˶ϵë˳
ֿɽĹ··΢һ㡣Ҳûкõȥ
⼸·ѾϰˡҲصĵӦûôĽˡ
ֻƹֻ˳֮źϵɡͷˣѣ۸
ƹջ˱ӣ˵ĸʻϡŴ򿪵Ĵķ羰ƺڳ˼ʲôǱ˵ɡߡ
Ҿͦ˼֪ΪʲôڿǶԵġʹﲻʲôæҲǸİʡһ˹¶
һ߿ųһ߶Իƹ˵ְɡȻûа취ƺ㡣ƣƹ˿ңмƺܲð
Ҳе㲻˼ʵ̫ˡץץͷ˺ܾã˵˽̽ҵŮǾ졣ͽСͷɣֹ𣿡
ƹƺ⣬ζβ͡Ҳ˿⻹ͦס
һߺ͡ͷ죬һ߿ųо˲١ɽʱ磬̫ȡҰѳͣһƬ¡򵥵س˵㶫ҲͷЩ·
ʱǰһӡ֪ΪʲôЩ¡ĬǧݣǧݡѾȥˡڲٵˡ
ҵĳ˴ͷһ£һϺ̴̡ҵĳƺҲе⡣Ұѳ˽ǰʵүʲôط
Ϻ˿ң˵ݡͷ˵һôݣ߲ǰɡֿһ죬ôһ٣ĶСлǲģϺ˵ݹģһ㶣ľȻĵ˵ͷϺһݹģ֪Ǳͷ˱ͷɶط
ҿһмϺ֪˵ʲôźáҲԼûаѻͦȫ龪һֻЦЦ˵Ҿʣȷһ¡ٺ٣үգϺ˿ңճ£˭
ҸϽ˵ҽ¬´үʮǰϺ˰֣˵ˡ㿴󣬲ʮǰҲҵϼҲ١ҲǰŻġҶʮǰ飬֪
ұүŪò֪˵ʲôźáֻ˵´ү˵ʮǰ˭ȽϺá
Ϻ˿ң̴ְરવĳڣ˵ˣһʶʮǰ飬ɶģ
˵´үһ˽̽Ҹ˵Ϻһ˿塣̴Ҳһ¡
һҶֱϺ⡣ƺҵ¡ҪǴ˿ܻȤΪ֮̽Щֵġ
Ϻ˶񣬿ʵɶ̽Ҵ˵˽̽Ϻ룬Цˣ˿ĸо
ҲȷϺ⡣Ϻ˵ʲô
˵ˡʮǰһСŮ˴Ͳˡ뿴ûʲô
Ϻ̾˿ǲ֪֪Ҳڶʮǰߣ˲ٵˡӻĲࡣʱһɽ⣬ֵ֪ܶˡ˵Ķʮǰ顣֪ûж١Ұ밡
Ϻ룬˵Ǳߣ嶫ͷĳ´ˮ֪ʮꡣһֱ档
ҵ˵ͷųȥͷ˿ϺϺĪļЦš
ҵЩԾԼСġ
һ·ţ˳´ˮļҡȻ˾Ӷࡣ´ˮʮĶ١
´ˮҵ⣬˵˵ǸӼŵɡҼǵãǵáʱʮ꣬ûʲô棬Ӽţ;úÿĲˡ
ʵûע⵽ǸСŮأ
´ˮ˵ͷѽǸСŮͦġǰһ϶ˡ
ҸϽ׷ʣˣܵȥˣ
´ˮҡҡͷûܵȥǺһˡ
һˣʵ´ˮ˵ͷ
ʵȷԭǸ𣿡´ˮʵһ㶣˵һʣһе㺬ĺֻԶԶĿһۣ˭Ҳûϸ˵ǲԭĺӡҲ˵á
鵽еˡǸСŮˡ֪ܵȥˡϣǸСŮʱߵˡ塱ڸץһŮӦþҳϵǸС
ǸСŮܵȥأ᲻Ҳܵˡ塱
ͻȻ뵽ϹۡϹ۵ڵģǡ塱ҲǸ޸ĸĺӣ᲻ǵǸСŮأ
㣬϶ԵϡѵϹ۾ΰŮ
뵽һû뵽̤ЬٴȫѹԼǧҪѰҵˣȻÿҾҵǰơ
ҸϽԼΪ黹ʵҪֻǿϧϹ˵ȥ֮ǰļ䶼ûˡǵÿ죬Ҫǿ޴Ӷ֤ˡ
Լĺ˼⣬Ѷĳ´ˮŪˡ´ˮؿҡһعԳ´ˮ˵´磬ҽܲס
´ˮ˵ͷаҼҲûʲôˡϣ㻹ŹأҴ򿪳ţáͷ
ͷ³ҵߡ´ˮ̾˿ӴǴ֮Ĺ⹷Сĵ㣬ʲô
ҵ˵ͷʵ´磬Ǵô£
´ˮһô£ǡ塯Щˡ֪Ϊʲôôˡ˵Ƕˡʬ崦ĲãˣѲˡŪǱͷҲŵù
׷ʵǡ塯ôģ´ˮһۣüͷȴû˵


ʮ ͼƺ
Ҫ׷ȥղڴͷĳϺҡ˽
ղ˵ʱŵġڿ˽ǽŲп죬ĳֽࡣһҲˣӦġ
´ˮųϺ˽Цӭȥүǣˣ
Ϻ˿ңʵզСֵܵɶ
´ˮҡҡͷɶЩ֥ùӵǣĶˣ˵ʣµҲûɶá
Ϻһ˼ҸŮӵ䣬ֲ˵¡
´ˮЦЦզᣬⲻǻʡ塯ôЩôģ
Ϻ˿ңôǵģǱͷ߾Ǵ洫ġ˰
´ˮ˵ͷǣǡ
Կ۾ЩЩ˸һصı֡
ڿ´ˮЦһ˵үǣҲ԰ɡֵһȵ㡣
ϺЦˣüë۾ġͷððòˡ
³ˮǸ֣ʱѾ˵ϡŪҲģġһƿϰ׸ɷϡӵҿȡ
ƺ׳ڡ˹˹Ϻͳ´ˮЦ
һʵ롮塯Զôߣ
ͬʱ˾ƱҡΣ´ˮ˵Ҫȥ塯
ҵ˵ͷǰȥ
´ˮҡҡͷƵطʲôɿģôûˡȥˡ
ЦЦ˿ھƣҾ뿴ôߡ
ϺüͷΪʲôһҪȥأ
ʼ򣺡ҲΪʲô뿴˺ܶĴ˵ֵܶ顣Ǻ塯йϵġԣȥ
Ϻͳ´ˮһۡ´ˮЦ˵ٺ٣ȥ򡣡ϺҲ˵Ҳȥ
˳ȥԽԽ⡣ҸоҲǲȥ塱ġΪʲôҪֹأԽҾԽȥ
ϵһЩʳݸͷͷ߹ᣬȻǳԹͷ⡣ֻǳЩͷ
⵹ҺƣѵֻصģͷͷһӡҲЩν
ʱ˻ˡƺĳֹʶ´ˮһƣ˵ʵûʲôҪԸȥҲǿԡҲܼ򵥡ߡɽɽиϾǵط⳵ȥġֻŹȥ
ҵ˵ͷû£Ұаɣ´ˮ˵ͷû⡣ɽǲߣҲ֪ܲҵ·ˡֻܰŷˡ
ϺƱײһ£ȸ˱ľơҲֻúȸ˾ơϺ˵Ǳߵɽ·յģǺòҩԽֵǮĲҩԽǳɽϡ
ҵ˵ͷϺ˵ʳٽɽɽҲкܶóԵĶǲ֪ϲʶ
ҡҡͷ´ˮóһƿơϺҵһҲԼһһ߸ҽɽЩµĸˡ
ѾееͷˡԺ˵ˣٺˡеȶˡ˵ţſϡ
´ˮ˻ҡҸеܣҲûֻ˯´ˮһѷңҷ˿ϣҵ棬˯ˡ
ƾƣ˯úܳȻм˵ҺǸˡһ˵黰໥š
ͻȻͷҵţšܡһԴ
ֻͷҵߣҡһʱûعһϽְѡͷ˵֣˯㡣
ͷɲģñӹңоȻһ˿С
ҳ˹ͷ¡ҿ˿ͷͷûгʱ˵
ѹúܵͣžҹǿü
һ˵СӺȴ˰ɣҿóǳ´ˮ
һ˵ˣСӺһϰ׸ɡӦǶˡҲǳϺ
һ˻ԴȻһ㶼ۡȻ˲٣Ǵʳģһ㶼ܡ
ϵĲ˯ڸʲôɻ䣬ϸš
´ˮ˵ҪСŪ
һû뵽´ˮ˵ĻΪʲôҪŪң
ŴϺЦ㲻ŪɽҲ㿴СŰǮгɰײɡֻҪɾ˭ֻܿ˵ɽͲˡʲôϵ
һʱûҵаҪǲǡͷŪѣҿ׶༪١һ亹ҲȫˡڿʲôûУֻһ
ĵİϡʱִ˳ϺȥȥŪ
´ˮеңûɱˡе㣬е²ȥ֡
ϺһС¶첻ˣ֪Ͳˡң
ǽŲ˵ĽŲķֱϺĽŲᣬ´ˮŲһЩҵ
ûжֻںڰоţֽ߬ȭͷʱ׼
ͻȻ˵ĽŲͣϺС˵СӣҸʲô
´ˮҲС˵ûģôأ
Ϻƨǰ棬ô㡣ŴѽһĺСǳ´ˮĽһﲻ֪ʲô
ϺĽҲˣž˵ײײܡһͦӿкƣһﵽ׿ʲô
һ嵽ſڡֻ̱ڵϡɸƵķǶǣƮƮС
аЦСʱǶжĥ
վСıϣҳ˵ԩ޳ΪʲôҪң
˿Сұϡһ㺦µ˼ûСǵıŻˡ˵ϡ
´ˮ˵ֵܣϼһ̰ͼǮƺͳӡҪô²ְ
Ϻƨզطֶʱ㲻Ҫ˵ҡ
Һȵ죡Ϻ˿ߵС͡
ʵΪʲôΪȥҡ塯һز
˶ҿϺ۵תȻϼһ֪Ҫܶࡣ
ҶЦһϺ淸£µİɡҪҪҰѾأ
Ϻһ㶣ȵĿң㣬㵽ʲôģ˵бۿ˿С
Һһܣ˵ʵȻҲȻҪɱңһʲô飿
ӣ´ˮȶˡ˵ġ塯ȥõġǺܱԼ֤˽塯ǲΪزǸͲȥ
Լɻ˵Ǻ˭ǩԼ
´ˮҡҡͷҲ֪ҩκǵĲ


ʮһ ɽ
ֿ˿ϺϺ˵Ҳ֪˶вûǸ˵ҩǶеġǶӽſʼá˵ƤһʬߣȻȥֻǸ˸ǵҩβֻһҪ󣬾ǲȥ塯
üͷʵ˵ʲôӵأ
һҡҡͷ´ˮ˵治֪Ҳûֻ
ҿ˿ˣ˵һҪɽġЩͷ˵ҶԳ´ˮ˻֣߰ɡ
ֻ˳Ϻʵ˵ɣ㷸ʲô£
Ϻ˿ң̾˿٣ɱˡҲܳȥġ
ҵ˵ͷй򣿡
Ϻ˵㣺ǰСġҵѧġ
ҿųϺһƺ˻Сʵİһˣ
ϺҡҡͷʱһȥͻһĶˡ
ʵĸأ
Ϻ̾˿ˣžˡ
ֻʣԽʾԽ˼׷ʵְΪʲôᱻž
Ϻ˿ңȻ˵ˣͶɡҲҪˡ
ųϺ˵ȥϺ̾˿˵ԭбͷԭ¼Ҵ壬˶ճ¡ڴλأѹһˡҪռǴӣɽկʱǴиˣҵүүǼҴ书͵ʱ˵ͷӴһ̣Ǹͷˡó˴󵱼ҵġǸͷԸ˶ҵġǵʱྪİӡүүɱˣеʱȥĸֵܡ˵ĺ֡
ֺ졣ҵĴԷٵתͻȻҺʹڹֵĵҵһʮĵǸն׵ˣͽҸүүռжڵʱĵҲ֤ĳǼȷʵˡ϶شѪѵôɣǳĺˣ
Ϻûע⵽񣬼˵үү֮ǰһԣ˵ǣÿһһҪˡһҪɱԽ顣մѪҪԼѪ޷үү֮ҵҲǿɽⷸ˰ӣžˡֵˡУɱˡ鵽ˣҵļֵܶˡֻһ˻Ҳҳȥˡ
ҺһʲôԣôаšҲţ
ϺƳһڿƮŵС˵ԭҲ벻Ŷˡ
ҿ˿С˵㻹ǻȥɣС˿ңǲٺ𣿡
ЦЦˡƵˡ
ϺһĿͷˣˡ
СƮȻţص˳ɡСߵġͷС͵͵
ġͷԴ˵ˣѣҪѺáͷСһ
ҶԳϺ˵Ҫȥˡ塯˾Ͳҩˣ
ϺҡҡͷҲᣬѾס㣬Ҳûа취
ЦЦûǸˣΪʲô׼ȥҡ塯𣿡
Ϻ˵ʹʲôû˵ҲʡʵʱҶȥǸ塯ʲôҲȥѡ
ҵ˵ͷ˯ȥɣˣֲ˵ġǲӦóɽ󡣵ҳʱ˵ɡ
ʵҶԽɽѰҡ塱飬ҲԽԽΣˡû׼ȷķҶǰƬɽֲϤҺһֻεָ֣һС·еżڿżȻġСĳ֣СͷЩڤڤ֮˰šֱ˲ݵĸо벻Ļֵֻ˭ġ
һص˷Ŀϣ˯ȥͷ˯ҵߡЩȫĸо
һ´ˮŵæš¿߳⡣´ˮң޵ľηС˵緹ˡɽĸҲˡԷɡ
ҿ˿´ˮ˵ãԺ࣬ͷСˡͷҲһߴڵĿͷͷǱȽȵġͷŴ죬̵Ĳ¿ڣſˮ
´ˮһߣǡ֪ЩʲôϺҲˣڴʯͷϣһ̴߳һ߿ҡ
еΣ˹ĳ緹ʰЩϱɡԺſڡ
´ˮͳϺվһֹӣʲôҲû˵
ûǣ򱱱ߵɽȥ
ɽһЩʳΪɽصĹϵֻСƬСƬġһСұ㡣Ҵ߽ɽ֡ߵɽΪԭʼûоɽܣʼһС·ҿʩչҵġǺֲïܵ·ûˣҵġҲˡֻǺӦôһѲ񵶣Կ·
ֻһ֦С֦辡·ò״֡ǰɽ±øӶ͡ɽϵһΣȻ¡ܹҰҵѵĵط˵ҲǺѹҪѡͷҲȥҲʵ˵ɽʱҲ۵ˡ
ɽϺ˿ˮ˵㶫򱱱ߵɽ¿ȥ۵ɫʲôڵסˡóԶٿҲһʲôӿ·ֻҪһɫУʲôûáֻŷߡ
Ϣһ󣬿ʼɽ³ɽʱоһ㡣û˻ֲ̫ҲһЩ϶Сݡһָ棬ɽĳ嶯ʱв֪ҵ߽ţԵиľĿáܸߡҵĽŲҲһֱߵ˹ȵףһ峺СӡˮѴɽֱȵסҶںӱϴ˰еˬ񴦣ϢͷֱˮУˮӾ
ոյһ̡֧ͻȻɡдСҸоýҼҾ⸽
һ̣˵ӦǰɣܸоõҾӦûߴ·ⷽǶԵġ
СĿ˵ʲôϾͿԻؼˡ
Сſ˵ΪϿԻؼˣſް
̾˿ˣȥˣתͶ̥ˡͺˡ
С˵һлģⱲӲУ±ӡ
ЦЦˣãѾˡڹ·һϣ־һǻǷˡ
С˵һˡ
ҹЦˣͳ仰ҲҪ·ͷͷˣˡ
ͷˮһܣһ߻ζ壬ˮϵش˦ȥͻȻ֣ͷȻɫ


ʮ ġͷ
ԭġͷһֻɫĹͺһũһǡͷˮϴ֮ϵĻɫȻźˮȥϳһɫë
Ҿﲻѣôʱ򡰲ͷҲܵҵߡǿڷûҲͣ߶ϵë
ϸСˮνҵϣġҶڵϣϸĿšͷϵĻëûˡǱɫġͺһҹ顣ϵëָҲͬˣ̶̵ģӲӲģе֡
粻ҿšͷˮУˮϴ˸ġһΪֻΪǸͲһҲˡ
ͷԭͷϵĳ۾ڵ㣬ھȻ˰ɫġšͷԴʵǡͷôˣ
ͷȻشҡֻֻ۾Ŀҡ˵ԭҡ
ġͷԴվ˵ҲǷƷ߰ɡ
˹ȵףȥߵɽ¸Ӷ͡ұֻץľȥֻܿϢͷ˻һȥԶһҡ
ĽͷѾˡĶʵǺķ
ڣ˰ɽһƽ̨ѵõһƬƽĵشȻľҲˣһѰѲľɡס⡣һ߽֣ͺһӺˡƽһ
ţȸղĶࡣͷѾ֪ܵȥˡʲô⡣
ͻȻǰ洫һͷƤըʵ벻ʲôôСԲǵʨͳǿֵ磬ĵطȥҵġͷޡȻҲһ󻢣еǿֵö۾ʱʧǺЧġ
ܳȥԼʮҡڿˡͷͷŭǰ򡰲ͷķ˿ſһˡ
еƣôˣǻиղŵʲôģ
ûȻȥǸˡܿ˿ûʲôſ˿ǸˡǿֵǰؿǸˡһһɸζƮ˹ʬһˡ
Ҵӱó׺Ϳ֡ߵǾʬǰóֻࡣŶ壬ʬļ򣬰תʬһתˡҸеһĶġϵ⼸ûˡֻۿͱǻĿڡкܶİɫȥġ
ҵһ£վֻ˼࣬ϸҲˡӦǸŮˣ·ûȫãũ帾ŮĻ·Ӧ⸽Ĵ
ҿ˿Ůʬϣû뷢˺ۡӵһˡҵʬҰޡһֱһҪܿǿͷĶһߡҵҲȶһЩǻ벻ףôʲôҰ޷ġ
иĴҲƽҲǽɽҩʲôģʲôͻ¼ˡ룬
ҳڵһӣĵû϶ڳһ˵Ŀӡʬ˫ȣŵУͻȻһѶŮ˵Ŀڴ˳
߹ȥһȻЩƵĽӺװһС档СҲˡЩ˳óֻ˼ࡣŹȥЩƵϵ˵ࡣ
ƾҵľ飬ЩζǴƽġҽӺ涼С¥ٿЩε൱ϸҲܹӡ²ڵĶ
͸ˣһŮˣһ˽ɽЩʲôѵҪܡⷽҲ԰
ϸز鿴һ»ƽΣжʮһɲСĿһ⡣
ڿܣû·˵ǴΪʲôôĽӡվ˺ܾãҲ벻ͨ
ʵ벻ͨҲûа취Ů˵ϸļһ飬ͰˡһǺšԱԺҡ
ĵĻǸҰޡһ鷳Ǹʬ壬Ͻߴšͷٵ뿪ˡ
ƽشֿʼ϶ȥҷ˾ţ֮ɽվɽ¿ȴҲквЩġߴ·ɾ鷳ˡһ˻ɡСоһ£ǲңСӺ洫ǣǲԶˡԶɽȥû뵽ɽоȻһʯȻķϺܾãǻǿԿǰҲһ޽ġֶ˼ֵ
˳С·һ·ɽοࡣߵһƽ̹֮أͣЪһЪͻȻط졣ϸ˿һ£һһʯͷ
סˣҸղǸŮʬ֮ıǡٿܵҲǸиոŪõġѵֻصǸطˣ
룬ó˹ĸǿ¶ʬ塣ȻȥǸʬ塣ְʬ˻ȥǡǽ
е㲻ð졣ţͻȻһҵĶֱ졣̧ͷһĲǱĶǡͷ
һǹУʨ𰡣⡰ͷôֻᷢͷһ֮󡣾Ȼ߷˹Ƕ飬һɫ硣
һһҪʲôѵҪ֣
Ѿˣʯ䣬ͷѾ˵ҵǰһաеһɨŻζһ¡۾ʱ򡣡ͷȻǾʬŤһ
ʬϻ档ֽŶš򡰲ͷ͹Ǿ
ͷͣܣһζ͹ʱצ֮£ʬѾڽڰˡһˡ
ͷʬʧĵطһȥԶǾʬʾ
šͷ˻Ҷ֪˵ʲôźˡǹһֻʨӡû뵽ͷô͡ǸղǸʬʲô
ҿ˿ͷͷûˡġͷԴ֪˵ʲôáͷֻҡҡͷβ͡ǰˡ
ҿ⡰ͷƺ֪ҪȥĵطҸϽȥ
ƽش¡νɽɽѡľܶ࣬𵽻áһ·ɣڰ˹ȵס
ǳ´ˮͳϺûƭҵĻǡӦ⸽塱ҲںıϡֻʵʵľղС·ûСûʲôӰӡ
ѵһƭˣ⻹治˵СɡСһʱҲ˵ֻ˵оԶˡ
ʱǰġͷҲͣˡ
ɽɽдԶòϢ񡰲ͷ˵ˣ


ʮ ·
ڡͷЩηġҲţǴгġ
ɡС˵¡
ͷй֮󣬲ƵɽȥҸϽ˺档
Ǹ߳ͻȻҸоǰڶЩҡںƶͷҲˣͣס˽ŲûǾĿš
Ҳվؿšֻ˲䡣ǰ·ϱЩʵʵ˵ҽȥǡͷҲȥ
ߵǰ棬ƣЩǴȴϸֺ
һʱҲ֪ôźáҵǱȻûֱ˵顣ҲᵽƵ顣ⶫ۷񾭡п㿴ĺ㾭ĸͲһ¡
ܿ죬ҾҿԳһЩҵһ뵽˾Ȼȥ
ǿ˿ЩЦȥȻǲнģȻƶȻҲԳߣҪʲôʱأ
ͻȻ룬ڿҲ˵󷲴һһǱ壬ġֻҪҵǸȻƵļٵġ
ϸĿ˿Щֱһģһֲ֪ܲжٲ㣬ǸأһʱҲò⡣
ʱ쿪ʼԭУͺյѾʼڳ
ɽţĹСﵽҹ֪ж¡
ʱ˵Ҫı¾ͼˡʶͳֻֻʱûźŵ״̬
ÿЩĳ֣ŵźţɼǵĴųǺǿġ
ˣ鼱֮£˹һͿ˹ȥ
ֻһӱ˻ֱǸֽŶաҵ÷顣
˦˦֣ͻȻ֡ͷˡ
ͷԼҪǿöࡣҲϾȥ˼Ͻҵİ취
ڱз˺ܶıаƷҵһѽǮ˵һ˻еĽǮһǰϡֵ鷢ˡ
ղŻĴȻζһ¡ûбķӦҾһЧдϲһ⡣
ѽſҵĲԼġбкܶǮǶүүǻµġ
ǮùڽĵطһöǮѽӦöǮϵġ
ϾôдģҲôġֻǲ֪öǮʲôá
ͻȻ뵽ϻ˵ֽҪʱ⣬Ե֮˵ѪŻЧ
㲻еˣһҺܾᡣҲûбˣֻԼһԡͳСҧҧһģָһСڡ
ĬĬ棬ϣԼǸеˡΪһᡰɣԼòҰס
Ѫ˳ۣѪ˹ŵöǮķ֮С
Ѫס˷ףʲôҲûзǻǸӡҵָеʹ滹ɽХǰľ·
ˣһ㲻޵֮ˡֻһԱĶˡĵˡǮҵĶ
սһɲǡǡǮͻȻ˽⣬Ⱥġȴ֡
Ѿ֮󣬴ϲѵãΪʲôӦôأ
һԭöմҵѪĹĹǮ˽ǡǮһ
Ҵϲ𽣣ҪȥЩľ˽ԥˡǰľ̫࣬Ӧôһأ
һʱзֲֻñУ̵ܴİһ顣
ոմ⡣Ҫ֡ͷ֪˳ҧסҵĿȣߡ
ҸϽšͷһֱܵһߵɽ¡СݵУһСǰͣ
Щƣû⡰ͷ˼
ǰСָֻϸһߡǺЩ·ľһƷֵġ
ҿ˿ͷͷ۾ڿҡͷϵ׵㣬Ҳڿҡֱֻ۾ŵĴ
ʵʲô˼˵ǿģ
ͷСһĽһƺڻشҵ⡣
ҡҡͷɣԻûзô
ͷţ̬ȼ룬ܶԴһӦò⡣
뵽һתǮСȥСһһ֣֣
һ㶣ˣҲܽ˵˭
С˵һ㡣Һ͡ͷһһ㡣
һ죬ǰСһӱ˲Щ·ҪߴĶࡣ
ЦЦû뵽㻹ԼΪʲôҵ·
Ƥϸֳһף˵ңҵĵлǳֻ˼ꡣ
ҿ˿ҿԲ㣬ΪʲôҪҵ·
˵ҪȥҰǹ»꣬ȥʲôô
˵Ҫȥ̽һ飬Ҫһͻȥұȥ
̾˿ȥûкôɭɭմ˹»ܲ˵ġ
ҿ˿帡Ƥϵʲô顣ϰ߿˱飬ĦĻǲ滰ǽԴке㲻ˡŴĻӦû˵ʵ顣
Һһǲ˺Լ㿴סﲻ˽ȥ
һ㶣ʵô֪ʶԼ˵ˣϽı͡
ЦЦ˼꣬棬ϧûġ˵ɣ㲻˵ʵҾͲˡ
ûа취ֻ˵ʵµöԣżǺһһԼԸұҸ¹ľ꣬ҾͿԻΣĴ߶ˡҪסκ˽ȥ
аͣһֻʲô顣ʵˣҲ֪Ǹ˭ˣ
Цʵ֪ҲûбҪ֪ﻹ˿԰ҡһʲôҪġ
һҲǡ˵ȷʵԿܵġ
ʵʮǰ飬֪𣿡
˵Ҳ֪һЩռ˹أĶѡʿȷʵǸ֡ҪЩǡ𴦲ͬ
׷ʵкβͬ
˵˵ʢĵطҲĵطҲ¹ľŵġɽпĲЩԽԽԽ࣬ʿȻȴҲûа취ԸôĹ󻹴һ˵֮˲Ͷ̥Ҳ硣ֻΧζ˹»Ұ
üͷʵһûʣ𣿡
˵öˡֻ˻һǸӣһ޹ŮˡǸŮ֮һЩƱЩɽˡ


ʮ 壨ϣ
˴Ļٽɽǰ̫šϵĹͷ
־òԾҿǻģɲġ
ǸŮʬҲȷĻǻġ
ͳŮʬҵĽԴ˵Щǲǡ塯ģ
˵ҾͲ֪ˡӦǸŮʬ˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷҵһŮʬЩҵġͻȻңҵĹˡ
Ƥϵ׵ֻ۾˷˿ߵġͷ˵ǹǡ롯
һ£Ҳ˿ͷǲܴĸǶȿһֻȻɫȽϹ죬ҲԲʲô룬Ȼû롣
˵ɲһ㣬ޡʲôͷҲ˵ֻ˼űӡĽԴ֡ս
ҿ˿ͷȷʵԴĻҲ˼֡ȥԿ֤ʵһ¡
˵ҲһŮʬɽ⻹һ̫š˵ǵ޵塯Ůˡ͵ŻһΡúúõġ
ʵǲиͷ̥һ
ҵ˵ͷԶԡиͷ
˵ˡҺܾȣɣ̫ضˮءôǹ
˵Ҳǹ׷ʲô
˵ʵҲ˵áĶôġ˾ˣǹڼкܶĶǸ̫žͺ⡣ʬ壬㿴ˣǸŽŮʬѾ˽ΪĻѾˡ
üͷǸˮ̫ʲôأȻʬѾˣǸʲô
̾˿ԼγɵģΪΪԼûԾǸ塣ƭˡ
һûףһԽ顣ٴˣûǲʲôʲô·ɼ⡮塯Ҳޱȡ
ڳ˼ʵ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡һع˵ͷȻһҪȥġ
̾˿һԭЩ·ϵľȫˡһ·ҵǰ
ҶԴл˽ȥվסˣתʵΪʲôҪƭ
˵Ҳ֪ҲڴʵЩʲô
Ҳٵ飬ֱȥ
·ԽԽԽԽƽ̹ߵľ룬ݵӡʱ죬Ҳ׵ĺйһԲ¡¹ɽȡ
һóֵ磬ûд򿪡ͷҵߡ
ͻȻǰһ׹⣬һšҲ֪һᷢһЩֵ顣Ҳû⡣ǰš
һ׹֮󣬽а׹Ӷİ׹ҸееӦӲϾ
ͷĿЩ׹⡣ûʲô
ʱɡһΡСҵǰûпҡɽ档֪ڸʲô
ʵС˵ĵطǲ
Сû˵ǰƮȥҲĸϡ
ͻȻǰһȺˡԣˣӦǹꡣΪҲƮڰСͣס˽ŲЩꡣЩţϾǹ̫ˡ
СҲͣסˣЩһʱ䶼ûɽеּžպǹ졣ЩֻҺ͡ͷҲûг
þãڶĹȺУһЩʣСĽһСƣ
һŮƮ˳һץסС֣Сƣˣ
һֱСͻȻһͷ˽ŮĻУĽţ裡
ҰԵͷСġԣǲСģӦýСơСһϣżסġҵĲ²ǶԵģܵСŮҵǣİСƹߣȥˡ
Ҳ֪Ӧùϲǣô
ȻĸŮˡǶѾ˹ΨһϣŵҲûˡ
ĸŮͷʹޣЩҲᡣҾͺΣ֪ӦЩʲô
ĸŮ˺һӣͣСƵƮҵǰ˵ллˡҡҡͷûʲôŮܻҲܸˡҲ˳·
СҲ˵лл㣬лл㡣ЦЦ
СƵ˵ǶǹˣҲûа취д㡣߰ɡﶺҹʱܿµġ
аôһȺѾܿˣʲôµģ
˵ʵҪѰһСŮġѾҵˣ˳ҲСͻˡǸߵģҶǵ֡
һйƮ˹һĳ࣬˵ʲôֵġһӵˣͶֻ̥»Ұʱ֮СƻǺһ
ҿ˿ʵΪʲô
Ǹй˿ң̾˿˵ֱˣֻԼ
ϸ©ʲôйĵ˵ǡ塯ΪǱиǺˮҹʱʱ򣬻ᷢ⣬ˮһǺڵģһǰ׵ġǺر𣬵ǵΪ˶սңɽ֮Сϰ˼ңһˣͨ磬ʵʵڵǸˮ֮ͻȻ֣ȻԿ꣬Ժ͹꽻ҹҲûô£ܶ鶼ˣǰЩ顣ҲǰЩ顣Ĵ̰ʹ׬ǮֻҪµĹЩֽҲͿˡǺһûͷֻһɡ֫Ҫǰ¡ԸǺܶӣҪĶ֮ǰǺЩ꽻ҲͦáԾûе¡Ҫ飬ǰꡣֻҪԸ⽻Ϳ԰Ǹ˵õѺ͵õҪĶҲӶ𡣡
ҲʵҪôʲôأ
й˵Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ܶ߳˴ӣꡣһҪʱֻҪӦˣǩԼͱˡһҪĸԸĲСҲԼĸǺܶĽӡĽӡǲ֪ΪǿԼΪͳ䣬˼䡣ЩҲȷʵʱõҪĶȴͶ̥תֻɹ»ҰΪŰչߡʱǾͲٰˣʱǲŷ֡ǵҲˡǾյĵһꡣ
üͷаʲô󣬾ͺҿʹáǴ̡ļһһġѵչ꣬Ե㣬չꣿͻȻݿǴ̡֮ûʬǶϵΡҽлǵʱиڶ˵ǩ˰ɣǩ˰ɣҲһʹӦˡ
ѵǾչߣ
Ҿһ亹


ʮ 壨У
޷һ̣ҪһԺӦǸһҪڻʲôӣ
й˵ǶٰǸ¡ǵ궼УȻʱûаǵʱôûа취ֻüװΪ£ͬʱǿĵʿ׼Ըʿ֪һСҲûаһԶԸǻǾðһսϣȫ˺ʿһ͹չ˶һ񶷰ʿǿڳˡ󡯿ˣȻҲ˻ǡǳʧˡǱ˻ǡֻʣӵλꡣҲ뿪תͶ̥ÿʱһͻСڤѹǣҪĹ̡㲻ҪҪǱڤˣ»㲻
˹µ档Ȼ֮ǰĶһ
ʵʱǴǲһСŮǱǴ˾Ȼġ
Ǹй˿ңԣиСŮӡҾȻġҺž֮󣬲ûпӦûʶ
ҵ˵ͷԣǱ˹ġһӼšٺǸӼŵĵϱߵıͷݳǸСŮܲŰˡ
Ǹй˵ҼʱǱߵɽ档Ѫûʲô£ֻǻ赹ˡǴɽġ
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һæ֡ǹͷĶʵ̫ˣۿžҪҧҵϡҵһֲˡ


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ǧһ֮ʣеġͷͻȻͷһţһҧסǹͷĲӡ
ͷһӱͷҧסˡͷһҽУ´ˮҲһҽСͷġ
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ͷڵϹĹ˳ȥһֱ˳ϺĽűߡ
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ҿŵԽԽСлǺܵġ
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⵹Һ⣬ԭΪǿǸ̫šúءһϸûʲô̯
ѵҽʱ򣬺ͳʱߵĲһ·Ǻһֻһ·ôߴأ
ҡҡͷЩ鲻׵ġ
˹·ࡣ˸绰ҺܿġҸоӿġ
һҲʵôˣ˵ĺֵܰ
ҺٺٵЦЦⲻû𣡺ٺ٣
ЦͦõģҲûгµİӡ֮ǰİӻڵ飬Ĺ֮󣬺ҲûôĻˡ
֮ҲЩ䡣ҲҲӦøıϵۣҲкܶ鲻֪ĸá
ʵȥ̽Ϲô
˵ȥˣǱ߶ͦõġǼ飬ǲҪԵϹ˵
˵ðɣġ㿴ģʵǿĺܡˣʹôˣ
Ȼһ㶣˶ٲ˵ôˣѹֵֹֿġǵôˣ


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ЦЦûôһȥ˵ɡҾ͵ˡ
˵ţ㿪Ҳżǵҵ㡣
ڵ绰˵һ¡÷˵绰
ʱҵĳֿ˺СǸùݡ˿ǸùݣЦҡҡͷҽҪס
߽ùݣǸ긾Ůƾɵķ̨档һŹӣһ߿ŵӡ̧ͷҽˡ˵ˡʮһ䡣
ҵ˵ͷ֪óǮϡǸŮ˿һۣӳһԿסҿ˿ĺ룬ϴסǸ䡣
Ц˽ȥͷںҡҡλεĸ¥
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ʵҵĹסأŮ˰һۣҲܣǲס
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ͻȻ뵽ˮеŮʬǶǸŮʬΪǧˮɼǸʬ
ǽʬˮвḯ
ͻȻ뵽ǸŮʬŵʱһʹˮҲôƯ
֮ǰǼһЩʬȴûҼǵҿļдġ΢ñʼǡʬصġ
ȻҲ֪٣֪λѧʿô֪ġõǺ
˵ʬΪ֣ܶëëзɽƷĽɡĽʬƼ춼ꡣˡɡؾͻ󺵡д󺵵ʱ򣬾ͻ˴򡰺ɡ˵ֻҪˡɡͻꡣ
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ʱѣΪԼҪ˵ʱʱ򣬾ȻȫĿ졣
ȻûֱӾңȴ̸ḁ́Ϣ֮һؼǵḁ̇̄Ϣ֮ķʽһʱȤڴϣ׼һԡ
ұͣϾ˿ڱǵĺŵʱ龰ԼһĸӤһһؿڴһıƣһѾþǿŲԼҪըĸо
ڣ۵һ˳ȻڵȻûԼǻûдﵽ̥Ϣĳ̶ȡ
ҲƣҲȻʱȫˮСͲܺǿԼ¡һʱɲҲ
ڴˡһߵġͷĿţƺڲ²˵ʲôҶšͷЦЦ
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ͷ˿ңֿ˿ŵ䡣̻⣬ԭһҪϲ
ЦЦߵǰƣźеëҷ˺ô󾢲Ŵš
ͷһ˽ȥʱ洫йһζ
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˿ͻȻղԼĻе㲻ԡͷֹͷˡһڤءѵǡڤ˵ĳζ
ʱ洫һˡֽס˱ӣšͷһɵ˳
ҡҡͷ߽䡣ֻһŵĺɫǶĺɫм䣬ȻһССáǡڤˡ
ҸϽӣˮˮЩɫı㶼ˡ˺ܶˮֳ˼飬ǶŪɾˡǶζþòɢ
Ҵȣдšԡͷ˵ҲɾˣǲǶˡǳԷȥɡ
ͷһںӡߵҵߡҡҡͷšͷȥԷˡ
СֻһˡϰҴŹҲںҪˣмͷʲôĸͷԡǡͷֻǶͷȤҲû취ֻøԸġ
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СЦЦҾ͸㡣һҪǡ
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СƵ˵ͷǸˡ
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Сüͷ˺ܾò˵ܼ¥Ҽǵã費¥Ҳס¥µġǵʱ¥ȥҲ֪ȥʲô
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СԴ˺ܾáεҡҡͷʵ벻ˡ
ֻգ˵û£롣ҲżˣҲҪϢˡҲȥɡ
СƵ˵ͷһˡ


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Сˣڴϡ۾ͳ֡塱Щҵкܲ
ӦþǡǴеЩʬôأһʱ벻
ͻȻҵǰһӰιϸһȻǳϺҺƣʵô
Ϻ˿ң˵
˵ˣˡһĹ꣬ԲԡҸʲôأ
Ϻǲ˵ó۴ӣણવĳ
е˵ˣԼȡֺαҡֲ˵Ҫʲô£˵˵ɡ
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һжڱͷ龰һҿܡ۾ǸȲϡ
ǳϺҧϰߵԴͻڡͣĶţ֪˵ʲôĹͷģڡϺԴԵˡ
ҿʼƣֻһͷҲ˵ֻһͷٴ󣬿ǳԵĶ̵ȥˣ
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ٿǹͷҡ¶ЦҾһ
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ʱң뵽ľȻߡȫãֽź񱻰šûС
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Ϊʲôһ־壬ΪʲôһᶯҡԹͷһ̣ĺˣµķˡ
ͷҲվߵҵߣҵĽűߡҵһ֧̣ͷںڰУһһ
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һ·ĺ˼룬صϤĳСеǰʱҵůůġһֻص˺ѵߡ˼ҲõҸ
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һֱû˵ͷ顣Ǹϲ˵ȻҧˣɲǹҵսѣֽСͷ
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Ϲ˵ϰ壬˵Ҫ㣬һЩǱġһʵ̫ˡ
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Ϲһ㶣˵ԣҼǵʱĸǽ֡
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ҿһһֱĸҡ֪Լ˭ָоȻǺܵġ
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Ϲҡҡͷ˵ҾǲףΪʲôҼǲס塯֮ǰ飬˵ʱҲġˡӦüǵһЩˡ
Һһھƣ˵ҲҲʱϣߣԼܵɽУɽв£ˤɽ¡ֺﻨҲ˵ȵʱͷˤ˵ġ¾һˤʧȥǰļ䡣
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Ϲۿ˿ңп˿ڵ˵ͷ
˿زˡֺһھƣ˵ǺǣϹĺӾҪˡ
Ϲۺ񲢲Ǻܸˣƽˡֻǵ˵ǮǮĶѾҪˡô꣬Ҷֹˡ֪ҵҾѾܸˡСҾ룬ҵĸĸǲǲϲңˣ֪ˣҵĸ׻ңˣҡҵѾеˡһǲףȻôĲΪʲôҵأ
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ʵнʲô𣿡ϵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵һЩԼ飬ЩҲ漰ڵ顣
׷ʵ޷ô˵ӣѾõĲˡЩӾͿԳԺˡƶļƻ˵ߵ˵˵㣬˵˵ļš
ҿ˿ϹۣϹ۵˵ͷ˼ǲںԼߴϵġ
ְԼͼӴ׵˵һ飬֮Ҳ棺Щ飬дһԵˡ˵Ҳ˿ͷӣԡͷܸȤһͻȻ˵ȥɳ֤Ĳ֪˵ʲôźá
ֱ˵Ϲ۵ϵı飬ˣ˿Ϲۣβ˵ɣ⣬е̫̫ˡôϹ۾ͱΰŮء⡭
ЦЦԭġֻǶתתת˻ʦ˵öԣԵԣ
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ҿ˿ϣЦЦ̣ݸһ㵽ͨ͸ҲáϹ۵Ѿ֪ˡ»кܶҪЩӣô죿
һ̣εĿңôѾıҵۡһôֻˡϣҪٷƵİȻҵѹʵ̫ˡϣֹǸʲô˲Щ飬Խҡ
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ڵСһͷβĹ󣬻Ǹ»ҰҶС˵Ǵϸ硣
СƵ˵ͷԴ˵ãϸ硣̾˿ǣУҲûа취ˡ
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Ϲҡҡͷ˵ûʲô顣ǸǮϰ壬Ǯҹ㡣ûڼңˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǲùҪ£һҵġ
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ϼҵķȥһ·ϣǸµĹͷҵĹǡҲ֪ҵĹǲҲӦø߿졣


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رĿųϹ۵ǺܿġһɵӡһšͷԴһߺȡͷ졣
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Ǿֱķ䡣дһšʱĿЩ֦ƤҶ£ŵɫӡڰɫǽϣĽۡ
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ͭСϵһע뿪ˮһʱ䣬磬ӶƢ
һ㣡˿Ķ档ϹһߡͷҲֵĶҵߡĿ⾼Ŀſ졣
쿴šͷ΢΢һЦҲڡͷǰĲ豭浹˲衣
Ҷ豭Ⱥһڣһ΢ſɬĲ˿УһУɬϻһɢͷϵÿһζٶ̼źУУ¸Ļζָоʵ̫ˣһжǡôһж覡
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ĻУһĥһЦŵ˵ͷ
˵ôȥһ˵ġ塯ʲôо
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Լһ룬ҲһǰҪûСͷֻôأ
ʵСҲҵ𣿡
ЦЦ˵أһڡ
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ΪᵽһҡʱҲû̫⡣鶼֮еˣСᵽĹ壬ĻǸİס
һǸѾ֮ǹҵ꣬ұչߣΪİס
Ҿһ亹
ƽĿ粻ı仯ҵĲ豭Щˮ˵һ·˵һҲһСȫˣɹ
ҿ˿죬ͻȻ˵ʦʵһֱ𣿡
ЦЦ⻰ô˵
˵ھУ͡ǧˮʱѾûˡʱ㻯ңһߡ
ЦĲңԼԼдĶڹؼʱ̣ŻԼ㿴ҵĽĻþʱҿԾȵ㡣Żῴҵӡ
ҰŰɵĿ˿죬ЦǺǵؿҡ
ʵʦ˵塯ЩΪʲôôĸʬ㲻˵𡣴˵ʬ壬𣿡
һ˵⣬ղ˵ʱҲ롣ȷʵȫ˻ʦܵʬ壬ΪѾ޷ˡҲûе޽С¥ȥΪʱҺܴæҲġԼƣЩ©˵С¥һרʬġ
룬˵ͷ˵һ˵еΪϲС¥沢ûʲôֻǵʬ塣ѵǻҪʬ岻ɣ
ڵһ仰ÿ۾һͷ˵˵ĲǾĶ
һ㣬˵ɣʬ壬ʲôãѵǲ𣿡
˵֪ˡ塯ڵĵطĵطأǸطʢҩ塯ĴҲɲҩΪʬһζܹصҩģǶֿۣԺ͹ֽҪŪʬȻסԼҼҶʬ
ҺǾȣҶҽҲ˽⣬ƵھݸĿһ飬沢ûᵽʬ;⻰ӿĿ˵벻
ʵЩѾǸʬˣҪô
˵νʬҪʬһ״ָ̬ʬǳʬͿʼ֮һ״̬ԭ˵ʬӦǻʬʬ˾ͨĳְ취Щʬ״̬
ҸеһġΪʲôҪڼֶ塱ܻԶԶֹ֪Щ


ʮ 죨£
Щġ塱Ĵ룬ϻ˵е֮ˣֿɺ֮
Щʱ飬ҲôΪǮʲô鶼óȻʬ
ʱһߵϹ˵ˣʦΪʲô㲻ȥһˡЩаĶأ
쿴˿Ϲۣ̾˿ҲȥˣҵʦҲкܴӰ졣Ѿζʮ꣬Сꡣ̤һ
һ㶣ĵʲôأԼԼԼ˼ල
Ȼû˵ǿ֪ʲô˵һʱ˵Ժͻ֪ˡ֮ڲ뿪С飬ҪԼˡ
̾˿˵ҲǲܣһҵС
˵Ҷ˶٣쿴ңһֻ۾Ŀ⣬һֱ͸ӵҵСƺͿ͸ҵ뷨ȴʲôû˵ǵ˵
ҧҧ˵ΣεǸͷһ̣ͻȻһֿ־ĸоĺܺ¡ҾҪҼֺԣһΣգߵ˶ΣաҺ¡
Цŵ˵ͷܺáԿֲ˵ĺ¡ͺá
ҵ˵ͷȷʵҳϺ£ѡǳҲͽ˰
˵ͷûнѾ߳˵һ˵ʵҲ¹
һ㶣һλˣҲẦ£š
˿ڲ裬˵ǸˣɣҲẦ¡
ҵ˼ֱˡҿЦһ£е㲻ƽʲô֪ʲôȴ֪
쿴һۣ˵ֻҪǣңͻẦ¡ԽǣʲôԽʧȥʲôԽʧȥʲôĻʧȥʲôûĵʧʲôϵѵ㲻飬ͻû˵ʧ֮ʲôȻϵ
һ㶣ϸϸƷζſЩЩеƫģϸһֲ޵
˵ν춨ÿ˶ʲôͿı˱˵ΪʵЩ鶼עģתתҲߡʵı䲻ʲôĿ־ʲôأͺңһֱĵҵʦܣ֮ǰ˵ҪȥҪ¡֮ǰĿ־壬֮ĺڡı䲻ʵ˵־ʲôã㲻ǹеħϣҪԽ
һֻȻʵĸо֮ǰĿ־壬ΪģȽԼбˡҵҵӰ쵽ˡڿ˵ĺÿ˵ѾǶˣƺйأʵϣ㲢ûʲôϵУǶǵߡǵľԶı߱ˡ
ҵ˵ͷϹȴʵϰ㵣ʲôأǲǵ
ҿЦһ£ֹ㣬ϣҵļˡǶ鵱Сûоʱ龰֮䣬Σ޴ڵĺֲܿ
ЦЦԣҪСֻ㹻ǿˣܱѺͼˡ
ҵ˵ͷʵ飬㶼𣿡
ҵ˵ͷǿˣǺܶණס
˵ײҪֻҪ㿴ˣסСؼʱ̣ͻˮеһԼ־ָ㡣
ЦЦԭҪȥ࿴飬
ָָͷҲĳ֣ȫ˹ĻٿصĶһʧһڤҲû뵽ġ֪Сһ롯
ҵ˵ͷ֪Ǹ߹ҡ
˵˼ӡǱײˣǵ䡣ͻһͷɫʨӡǵزޡֵܡ
˵ʨӵҲˡ׵úܣСʨӺ̫ˡ
Ϲ㶵Ŀšͷͷʨӵӡ
˵磬ͻͷ¹ӣɫġʲô𣬶һսʿԿһаĶ㣬Ҳ绢ˡ
ҿ˿ͷЦңҰɡٺ١Ҿ׶ˡ
˵ͷ֢ᣬ롯࣬ǻ۲㣬ٵһ㶼˴ŵġҲɡڳˣǺǣɵĴˡ⡮롯ңֻһˡҪúô
ҵ˵ͷһúôģҲֻҪͷУΪʲôأ
ЦЦ˵һ磬Ȼθڡ˼θڣǲģֻܳء
ףʵǡͷˡڤ֮ܳʺû°ɣ
˵û£Ȼû¡ǳζǡڤĳζҪ˼ڤǺܷģҲֻͷûɾɣ
ҸϽͷ԰иСͷû
˵ɣٴһ׺ַ֮֮ĹҲġ
Һܸˣǿ̫ˡûʲôġҵ˦ʱ򲻺áǸǮҲ֡
룺á𣬲͡ɣֲÿɣһ֧ʣֿԷֲע⡣
ҵ˵ͷðҲҵݡ
˵ţϷһĴóһֱ֦ʣڵı˿šһĸֱԳһЩ
ҽӹֱʣ˱ñһɫĸֱʼҵǰĸֱǼ٣ôҾûҸֱʼҲһĳࡣ
߿ĿзС˵ֱֱʿиãҫʡذһ̿ɱʵеǡɰֱӻ
ϲˡҫʡһҲиˡʲô鲻ʱץϹˡ˵ֱʺܺЯʵʺҡ
˴ʱѾһɨ֮ǰеֳġڣ˲ͷˡҫʡҿ绢
аɡ˳ŵ˿ǰʦ㿴Сô죿
쿴˿ǰɡ˵УǴ׵úܡֻܸ㣬֪취תͶ̥Ҳֻ㣬¹һҪмǣҪñ˹ĽӴȻᱻġ
ҵ˵ͷҲֻˡСҲǹġҪǿԵĻһתͶ̥
ֿ˿Ϲۣ˵ǹ֮ŮȻḻ󣬲ڵĸǮ֮һҪТ˳ǡ
ϹãȻĵ˵ͷʵĻǮ𣿡
ЦЦУҲôõġ


ʮ ʬ
Ϲۻ׷ʡ˰֣һ֪ˡֺα׷ʣҲں
Ϲ룬˵ͷ˵
쿪ʼ֮ҺܿѧˡҷַأֻҪԼĺ״̬ͽࡣͻֵֺЧ֫ٺޱȵͨ쳣ıһ˵ֻء
쿴ѧˣ˵˷ɴɣԶϾʳǲ˯𻯳ɡ
һаԷ˯ǲû˺ܶȤ𻯳ɵ⣬Ҳ죬ԼأɿҪܳʱɣҲǸ˶޷ɵĿɡаЦˡǿԿ͸ҵ˼ģܺ˼롣
ٿ죬ֻڵң㲻ŲҪҪҲ㱣Ψһ;ֻǿˣſԱסԼ
ĵ˵ͷвҺ˼ˡ
ϹҪǿЦҡҡͷѾٹȶʮˣͲԷ
Ƕܾȣ벻ʮ겻Էʲôоǿ죬ֲݣ⣬ֲ벻ԷӡЦʵʦ㲻ԷһһЩʲôƷҪôģ԰Ǵﻹء
ЦЦǳˣг׹ЧһӾˡ
룬ûԡ
ҺϹ۸˿죬С˳Ҿ͸еЩˡšͷĵĿϹ۸׼ͷеĽ
˿ϹۣϹۺ˼ʲôʵ
Ϲۻع˿ңŶôˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˿լķ
Ϲ˵԰䲻ԻؼҰ
ҡҡͷ̲һؼҡ˵ǲܼҡ
Ϲһ㶣Ϊʲôʲô£ˣ
ҰϹһۣ˵Ҳû£һʱҲ˵߰ɣȥɡ
ҿӣ￪ȥһ·϶Ҹ³Էһֱûҵĵģһֱţֱص˼ҵķҲûϡ
ϹЦ˵㿴һ·϶ûԡҸɡ
ʼ򣺡ðɣҷѾˡҲżŪɡ
˵ţϹӭ˳ȥš
վڷԿǮһҸϽ߽칫ҡ
칫ҵűˣǮЦǺǵ˽ҸϽ֡
Ǯ˵̽ȥˡҿˡ
ЦЦţæԼ顣Ҳܹ绰ˡ
ǮҶɳϣϹ۶衣ȥˡǮ۾һֱϹۡ
ҸɿһǮ˼ջԼɫеεĶЦЦ
ʵǮϰǴæˣңɣ
Ǯ˵ͷ˿ңѹ˵˵һµ⣬׬Ǯ̽һ
ҿǮӣֱңһû¡ЦЦҶⲻǺܸȤлǮϰ̧ҾͲκˡ
Ǯ˵𰡣ҲĲʵʣ;ܾˣ
ҸռȷԲʲô⡣ܺ͹йءҪȻҲôüֵ
ҡҡͷǮϰ壬ûʲôʱ䡣ѾæˡҸֲ
ǮЦЦ˵ߵҲ㾭ҲͶʣҸɹɡ
ϵڱȫ׾塣һ̣Ե޹ʵĸɹɣôк顣
˵޹»Ǯҿ²ҪǮϰ壬лˡ
Ǯеżˣǣ̽ǲٰʵڲУٸһ㡣
ЦЦʲôϵҪʲôҶ֪ô档
ǮЦЦˣ԰ˡû˵סˡʬ壡
һ㶣ʬ壿ʬҲ⣿Ҫ˭
ǮЦЦ֪ˣڹʬڹϺгãõĸʬÿһ߶ֵơҵŮʬʪʬɾͷˡ
һʵ˭ֶǶʲôã
ǮЦЦ֪ˡһĹʬǿҩġνġɹǡ⡯ƷõĹʬǺܶղؼҵǶϲղЩͨ۵һмˣҵܶؼҡһ׬ġ
ҿ˿Ǯ˵Ǯϰ壬飬еΥɣ
Ǯһ㶣ôΥûй涨׼ʬ
ЦЦûй涨ʬǵĹʬأѵнƷ
ǮЦЦȷʵСǲȥڹĹġ
ҡҡͷǮϰ壬治ܺһ㡣㻹ԱɡҾ͵ûòá
Ǯģ̽һź⡣ֻ߹ʬѾһٶˣ룬жǮأ
˵Ǯϰ壬˼ǲɣǮǲҪ׬ĺãûдɣϹȥʹµġȰ㻹ֱȽϺá
ǮĬһƺ˵ʲôȴû˵
ʵǲб飬ʲô⣿
Ǯ˿ң˵е⣬ҷһ峯Ĺʬںָ׺һֱٳϣҲëе㺦£թʬҡ
иеᷳ˸еᣬͺһֻӬһȥһ⣬ͺڹһңûʲô£Ұǽʬ
ȻҺ˵ҪһëŪؼҪûзסĻʬ䣬˼޹
üͷʵЩʬʲôط
Ǯ˵ڽһֿ
ҵ˵ͷ˭ڿţǮ˵ֻҹˣͷǲֿ֪ʲô
ʵΧз˾ס𣿡
ǮҡҡͷͦģǸ«έûʲô˼ҡԭ￪һȼٴġʽһֱûеλֿˡ
˿ڲʲô顣˵ҿȥһˣҪ֤Щʬ嶼յԺˡ
Ǯüͷ֪ļ̣Ǯ⻹ܡ
Ҳߴ٣ֻǿǮڣǮ˵ͷ˵ã˵ġ
ҵ˵ͷͺáҽһ£ͺȥǮ˵ͷ
߳ȥϹ۽һ¡ֻص칫ҡǮڷ֪ڴʲô⡣˿ǲöԸ
̾˿˵Ǯϰ塣߰ɣ
Ǯعͷããá߰ɣ
ǳǮĳнǸֿ⿪ȥ


ʮ ʬֿ
ӸҪͷȻ׷˳ԼԴôһˣҿʣ
Ͻ򿪳ţáͷ˳Ǯûжʣֻǿ˿ͷҲÿ֪ͷ̹Ȼ
ٴοûֱͣнʻȥ
ϵǮеšҿʵôˣܽŵӣ
Ǯ˵Ǹʬ֮󣬾͸۵м˴˵绰˵ƽϰ껹һ˱Ľʬɱˡԣе㺦¡
ҺһǮʱͲҪ۵ıˣҿô졣
Ǯ̾˿ڣ˵
ҲţǽʬҪôԸжԸʬİ취˵úܼ򵥣ⶫ׶ԸƵġڱͷľǸǧˮҾЩѶԸˮУڵϣһǵáʬĻڼҿڴġҫʡɰӦû⡣
뵽ˣʮˡ
ţѾ˳ǡҿųľǳǱҺٴǣߵľҲİ·Ǹ߸ߵľҶڵϦµĹߡ
ͻȻе㲻Ծʱ£ԽԽʱΪʲôǮʱҵأ
͵ۿ˿ǮһһصӡҲʲôҵУһЩ
ڵʱǵһǰ˼ȡһͷԺܳЦŴ˴š
ԺӣҺǮ˳Ŵŵǲֿţرš
ǮǸͷ˻ָָ֣ǸšͷЦóһԿף˲ֿĴš
һ򿪣һǮվƵĿңԼȴһҲŲ
ҵЩǼȻӦ˼ˣҲ˵ʲôߵ˲ֿĴǰűᡣ
ͷҲҵߣҲ˳ӡ֮ġͷе˷ܡҲ֪ӿĶһʲôö
ҿ˿ͷ˵˵ͷʲô
ͷ˿ңֱܵ档ҲϽ˽ȥ
һֿܽ⣬ֿĵҲ֮
ҿͷϵİյƣе֡ǵ֣ǵƵķλȽ֡յƣռ˰Եİ˸λһȥģѵʬģ
ţ洫һ죬űˡüͷѵһҪ棿
ûǴţǰȥǰһźǽһӡһƬճ
ճ֮УȻźüʬ塣Ҳ˲飬һʮߡҲվһֵλá
а˾ʬ壬мߡһʲô󷨣
ҵԴϵš
ͷ棬Ƕʬ岢ᣬֱȥ
ԥۿʬ壬һҿԶԶȣǮ˵ҪصöࡣվȦеʬ壬ϴװһһŮ
еһװôߣɼǰӦøߡϵѾҰɫƤϣ˫۽գҲšֻϵָףžһ߶೤ֻҲǻҰɫƤݸɳ֡µǣֱë֡ëҲа߳
ŮʬҪʬһЩͷŮ˵ҲǸߴġϺʬ࣬ûиãֻûѪɫָҲϳֱϳǰëë
ʬԶţΧǰ˾ʬ塣ͻȻҾķ֣мʬز΢΢ѵһǻģ
һϽͳ˷ֽ͡ҫʡ롣ֽϻʬʬĶͷϡ
ҶҵķûжġǺȥ֮ʬزûˡ
Ҳ˿𡰲ͷҶŲֿһͷ
ʱͷ˳СĽ˼
ʵǲ˼ֱܵ棬ҲʲôĶ
ȥͷҵߣ߰ͷмһ˵ÿ˿Щʬ塣ҿšͷӣееס
ߵ棬ЩڰһѵǽһĴӣסЩƹ⡣
ƹӡһճмһӣһյɫĵƣӳŲӣҿԿˮһӰˮƮš
Ӱڰ׹ķӳ£ƮˮУͷ趯šǺÿĸϸ硣ˮеľ顣ҴսǸӣ濴šӰת˹
һϢҵǰȴһ˺ΪǼġڱͷˮǸǧˮ
￴ҵȻȣǮʲô·ӣȻŪˡҸո뿪Ųʱ䣬ôôأ
ţͻȻǧˮ۾һŲҵҲǺ¡վǧˮ
ǧˮҲҡȴһҲ׶񣬾Ȼе
ҵһôˣΪʲôѵʲôң
ĿཻĺʲôҪ˵ʱƷ֮
ȻڿǸǧˮʼձһҡĵطǲҷɵġ
ƿֻȻ΢ǻǱؾ쵽ˡ
ûлͷһ㿪ˡֻһһҶĲϡȻڵء
ҵͷһǾȻǸ߰˳ָסавá͵תֻԭվȦëͰëѾ˹
ңҸղǶͷġʬҲɣҵķ䲻áҲûʱ롣㵽һߡëһ죬ĸָҷ
һָ׳ϵʱġȴֱġڷɵ
ҸϽ͵һָףʬͣһǸװǧˮĲײȥ
ײĲӣֱ졣ǲӻʵȻͱײˡ
ʬȥëһ˹תҲȥǰëײǲӡ
ҺëײһǼһҾͺײһ塣һɸζ֮ǺԺ
ҵԻһƹëƨϺݺݵһšһֻ΢΢ǰһ¡ȴ˵˰ëߡ
һתŰëһšȻëûë󣬱һţһᵹһߡˣǰëȴ˵һ㣬һ
ͬʱëҲ˹ұܵеľء
ʱҵĴԷٵתƽ֮һǵǹ롣ڿҵĲ浹⽩ʬļ׵ǵ㡣ҽʬĸжʬǰʬŵͿסʬ
Ҫôأʱ򡰲ͷëĸ첲ҧ˹ȥ


ڰʮ ʬ
šͷҵЩס벻æҵĶԸʬ
ͷͣһҧסëĸ첲ƴ˺ëȻ֪ʹǶڡͷ˺ҲǺᷳ˦첲ѡͷ˦ȥ
ǡͷǲ죬ֻһͷȻİëĸ첲ҧˡëŭ׷򡰲ͷ
ͷȻͷܣë׷ȥ
һʱʣ°ëë˹һھУѧϰһһ٣Ѱëĸ첲˱󡣰ë󱳣ǰ
ϥǣëļ׵Ǻݺݵײ˹ȥһëļǱײˡëһҽС̱˵ϡ׵ǶôҲվڵţץš
ʱ򣬡ͷתһȦëֻˡԭצëһë̱ڵϣӷŭһŴ죬һʬ
ǹʬֺڣֳɢϽ㿪ëץҾշץҩһֻ֣Ҳȥ
ˣëҪǸëöࡣȻһõɾǻѵëûаȥҵ˦˳ȥ
ëһԾתоĿұ˦ڵأˤ˸߻أǲҵ͵һվʱëҲǰ
ͷб˳ҧסëĸ첲ëɣһʬ򡰲ͷȥ
ۿšͷûж˼һҲ˹ȥһصײëϡ
һºأëָʬ䲻ײһ¡һȥҲһʬһͷۻ
Լһɨȣëơһ°ɨڵء
ëҪҵĶ죬һķɵëͷϣϥһӶëͷϣԭҪëֱѹȥ
ëģſڱҧҸϽ㿪ǼһҪǡͷҧסһֻ֣һëʧȥƽ⣬Ȼһӷ˹
ʧʧǸûᡣһ˫ϥպݺݵĹȥ
·ëļ׵ϡһëҲŪ˼׵ǡ
ë˺УڵŤ壬ϵʬʱҲеһѣΡʬ
ٿͷҲеΡһͷȥ
һ߿˲ֿĴţǺ졣
ԺյģǮĳʹͷ֪ȥ
һԲ¹ڿУҸоͷؽᡣһڣԼѣǲûãȴԼԺֻеһ̱ڵأʲô֪ˡ
ʱڴϵġ׵Ĵ׵ıӣҵſһˡβԺµҵıǻϤζˡһҸе֡
Ҽǵܳ˲ֿ⣬εˡôˣǲʬͷأҼǵҲʬû
ôҽԺǸֿĵصôıôֵġ
֣ͷˣ̧ͷʱҲгΪǸ˵ǲǸǧˮϢȴûаѪɫ
Ҳ˵ֻ¶Цݡ
һȥȴ֪ײʲôԴһۣ˹
˿ܡһڲֿԺղֻһΡ˿վЩͷؽᡣѾöˡ
ͷߣеģҲࡣҿ˿ֱѾҹʱ֡
Һ͡ͷ߽˲ֿСֿеվɰԷλİ˾ʬ徹ȻˡҸϽܵ档
ĵֻ̱ڵصëͰëǸӺǧˮҲˡ
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뵽ֻҪŵǶʬͿˡ뵽ҵһӿ˿߽ʬҧҧݺݵĲʬšһɶ߽֮ʬҲˡ
ͳ佩ʬϵһ¡ʬմţһܵ
ʬ֮󣬻صԺСԺһϣһ̡֧
Щֵ顣Ǯʲô˼ǲǹҵأ뺦ңΪʲôҪأ
ЩʬȥˣѵǮղ˸ߵģѾˣǮΪʲô֣
ҺǷѽ⣬˺ܾãô룬ò߼ٿʱ䣬Ѿˡ̾˿ڣϡͷ߳Ժӡ
ӻһûУ˵ǳ⳵ˡһСҲûˣҿʩչҿšͷӣһʬû塣𡰲ͷ
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ĵȻģһ߽ȥϹ۶ӭ˳
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ңһҪȥҽԺ˵ûãҽԺҲʦҵĲжԸʬİ취
ʵô죿˵ҪŴס
˿ϹۣϹ˵ֻһСƽʱҲôǶû١
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ҿ˿ͷʵڲʱӣЩʬԼͿԽɣϣû¡
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˶һƣ룬໥һۣ˵ͷϹۻԼķ䣬ȥҵķ䡣һڰ칫ҵɳϣҵ
ͻȻһֱ߳˯ġͷһԣȻ³һɺˮȻ˹ȵӸʤǰ


ڰʮһ Ǯ
ҿ˿ͷӣЦҡҡͷ˵Сӣʬ˯һͺˡҿɾͲˣôŴף΢õ㡣
ͷԴҡƺŴ׵ܸȤ
Ҳڴͷ۾һҹɳϣ˯ˡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҡҡҡҵǵлһ룬ڵࡣ
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ҴɳһŴסе˵ţûˡҲƺ˿û¾ͺã㿴㣬ְŴŪõǡ
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Ůû˵ȥ˴šýȥ˵Ǹ߰ɡ
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ҿ˿ϣϵı֡
Ҳе֣СӵôأΪʲôһᵽϹۣıͱúأúõһʣǻѹס嶯


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ҡҡͷûôӸˡ˵˽ȥ
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Ҳ֪ôشֻЦҡҡͷ


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ײһ±ӣѱеľһ
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Һȶ࣬˵˺ܶ໰֮ĻҾͼǲˡһеӰ죬ҿˣ֪ΪʲôвõԤСҺһţץľ޴ķＯšＯûеߡʲô鶼ܸɵóܿʹϵĻЩİο־еһֶҸеĵǡֵģͻһйھƾĺУҵһڡ
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Ϲ۵˵ͷѼͷ·ƿһ㡣¶ĸ롣


ڰʮ ݷ·ʺ
ΰһǳηֲĸ룬һסˡƬ̣˲ݺᡣ˫ֲϹ۵ļ򣬿ȴϹ۵ļϣһӴ˹ȥ
ҿҲһᣬһԷֿ˶ʮĸŮ¼档໥һ¶ˡ
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վ߳ȥȴΰסˡ
ΰ˵¬ߡʵǼ治ά̫ʱ䡣ܶҪС
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ʱΰ˵¬̫лˡҾ֪һҵġıϣҵһDNAⱨ棬ֻҪСDNAһԱȣͿȷҵŮˡµȫȨˡ£õȫŲİٷ֮ҲҶĸлˡֻҪСֱӵҵĹ˾ҽʦͿˡˣҲٶ˵ˣҪˣߵʱһԻһˡһԿСĺܸˡܸˡ
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߳ţ˳һ߿ųһϹ۵顣ȷʵһε飬һСŮԼôꡣԭĸѾʲôϣȴҵԼĸףȷѾˣִһ¶ܣôܲءҵҲų
ʱ򣬳Ѿ·ʺıſڡţ߳һˣҴ˽ȥ
ԭӣҿԸܵû֮ǰǹԣӾҲǱĶˡ
һûſڣ·ʺһŮ˺ͺӭ˳ԶͺҴк̽ʲôˡܹ֣Ц˵ûʲô㡣
·ʺҽķ˺ͺӡķ˵ǵľˡһֱᵽ¬̽
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໥ĺѣ˵ʵҲе飬㡣
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·ʺ˵ԣôطǲֿ⣬ｨһȼٴ壬ʽûеλֻܷǸһֽṹķӣǹ׼ԺϢõġ
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·ʺһ㶣ʲôǮˣɣôˣ
˵ԸɳѪѾˡ
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·ʺһ˵԰һϵʱǻ棬Ĺ찡ʱúõģô᣿
ҵ˵ͷ˵ţҲԭΪҲʱ򡣡
·ʺһ㶣㻹˵ǰѾԸɳѪˣ˵֪ԸɳѪõҲֲˡôܵ߶
ҵ˵ͷ֮ȥǮңȷʵڼУЩҲӸҵġ
·ʺץץͷⲻǺ֣ǼĲǮ𣿲Ǯ˭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
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·ʺüͷ˵ʵ׷һʱһֱǮϰе㲻Ծ
ʵôԾˣ
·ʺ룬˵ǰһӣһ˵Ҫһ⡣ҪͶʡ˵ǲȻҲһźǮ⡣
Ҳ˵˵⣬ǲʬ壿
·ʺһ㶣˵Ҳ֪
ҵͷǸ·ʺ˵ġɣڱǸطҪҵ
·ʺʵʲô
˵ܶʬ壬ͺһݡЩʬҲ֪ǴŪģŶЩͷʬˣҾǱʬʬû˹ȥʬ
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ҡҡͷûˣŪ¡֪Ǯʬˣ
·ʺ˵ͷȷʵв롣ҲҡҾеԽܡ
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·ʺ˵԰˵ʲô۵мˡ
ҵ۾һԣ˵Ǹʲôм𣿡
·ʺҡҡͷûмʱǮĳԼԼĿһǸ˺ݣӦúܸߡӾûп
ҵ˵ͷ֪Ҳʲʲôˣˡ֮ǰһ·ʺʲôһҪҴ绰
·ʺص˵ͷģʲô飬һ绰ǲʲôװǮӣƭǣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ҲСĵɡ·ʺ˵ͷ
ҳ·ʺңɫ磬ȥҿҲʲô֡


ڰʮ ҵĸʬ
һ·˼룬ֱҡӵｪ¥µʱֽӵ˵ĵ绰
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˵Ҹղȥ·ʺļȥ˽һȥļ
ʵǡͷһ𣿡
˵ûаڼˡֻǵЩɣ
˵㻹ǴɣÿһȥпõȦף㻹Сĵáһ㶣һȷʵбҪΪҵĵ֮ǰ趨һĺݶȦסӦСġ
˵Уװģ㿪ʱñ顣Σա
ҵˣΪղһں˼롣ȷʵΣաǸëҪ
˵֪ˣһĵġˣ绰𣿡
ʲô˵԰顣ղŶˡҸղŸ칫Ҵ绰û˽ӣϹĵ绰Ҳû˽ӡ㣬Ϲôˣ
˿ûµģϹϵոǺܺãҪһҾͳˡû˽ӵ绰Ӧû¡һȥٺġ
˿Ӧһûˣæɡ˽°𣿡
ЦЦȻˣʤҡ
µ绰¥һֱ˽ļſڡšûж಻ڼңеɥȻڼֻٰܸݷˡ
תҪ¥ſˡһ˴ͷ˭
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ǸɻĿңðβ˵һֱûˣˡ
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ҶǸЦЦ֪ǰס˭𣿡
Ǹҡҡͷ֪Ǹ̫̫̫̫ˣ档֮û
ҵ˵ͷ뵽һףһѾ˵ݣһᣬȥҾ벻ףΪʲôһһþ֣֡ôϤҵ뷨أ
ҶǸЦЦŶ鷳ˡˡ
Ǹһţðһֵ뷨ǲҲһأ뵽ЦЦ뷨ɾ鷳ˡҪԼÿһˣ޷ҪˡĻҵۿҲҪˡ
ת¥˰¥ݡͻȻе㲻ģ˿ҵֺ״򿪵İҧҧ߻صűϡӿڴóһ룬һ䡣С
Ҳûб̫ϣΪҶóֻѧһ㡣Ҫôʱû»һ룬Դÿġ
û뵽ҺˣǸֻǴϵģûжҾȻͱˡһ˷ܣһ档
һ棬ŵֵζζǺŨġҪǴϹ˾ͺˣͿ֪Щ塱ĴɹǲǡѲݡ͡յơˡ
ӵĹϴοһĳ輰ӡǶ˺һҳĺþûסˡ
ҿ˿ţҼǵһǷáһӦǽҡֱ򽪺ңƿš
Ϧ͸ЩĴ˽Ķ˽ɫĳӼ򵥣ֻһŵ˴һӡҳ˳ӣûζҴ¹һЩ·ͬ򵥣ֻôһסҲǿտյģʲôûСѾһˡ˳
ƿˣ÷ǸšζŨأȱӣζҲҿӣࡣһ칩ǰһ¯¯ҡζӦﴫġʲôûС̾˿עûʲôջˡſȥתһǣƳ˴һۡͻȻ沿ЩѺۡ
ͣס˽Ųе֡ʲôġôѺۣ˵ķ񣬲ѿġңԽԽɣڼҹе󡣿һ˵ĴСˡ
ϸĶܴƣôкܶϸСơһڶϣ͸ƿĶȻǺһ֯
Һƣ񲻻ɣİһǸƣƵıԵܼӲһԵֻ֮ڶһƬʼˡ
ҾȵĿһУֱƬȫҲſľȻһ߸ʬһҸӾȡΪǾ߸ʬŨҵζֵζ
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ҿŸʬ˺üͷԭסǽĻΪʲôҪأѵҲʬ
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˵ԣ鲻־ΪתƵġҲ˵ǲ׷£ѾʼˡҲ˵ЩǱȻġ
һ㶣û뵽õľȻĽۡ


ڰʮ 
֣סҵ֣ܽʲôӡ㶼Ҫסڡ㲻ûΪ˵ģȻҲҡԼҪ顣ǲİֻ֧֡
ҷֽץס˵֣㡭
ҡҡͷװģ˵ˡ֪뷨֪޵ҵĶˡ֪뷨װģ̫ˡйǣʲôʲôɡ֧㣬Ҳ֧㡣
ҸеģҲġȴһȻҸڡ
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ٷǳ˺ܳʱ䣬˺ܾáҸоǵĸˡǵĸһˡ
ӵų˲ûǸϹ۴ЩԵĶ˳ҶԵ˵ȥɣ
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ҵ˵㣬˳ӡļҿȥҵ֣˲нֵһͷ糱ȺҸ١ͻȻ˽ͷһ¥ĵ̡װ޵Ĺɫ㣬ĸ֡¥
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ĿŽԣһʵڵˣһѵˣ˵⻰ʱֲش궯š
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˿ң˵ʦүҵʦлܿ飬㻹Ǻ˼İɡ
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Ҳ˵Щûȡߣ
ܿ˵ͷȻȡˡһΪҲ֪ǡ𡯡ǵµʱЦ˵ҵȻ֪Ȼ֪ЩҲ֪ʲô˰ɣʱҲʲôԵ޳ΪʲôҪңǸһЦôôǼҾ͵øַˣͽ֪ǶˡŻˣҲ֪ôźáֻҹŴˣܵҸߴҲˡ


ڰʮ ͷͼ
ҵ˵ͷʵ㻹ǵǸ˵𣿡
ܿҡҡͷǵã˵ǲáǸ˵Ӹ޴˵𣬼ˣҲ˵סҼǵиǸͷǺرġ
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ܿһۣ˵ԣһͷ㲻˵һ֪ôݣǸͷˣһֵġ
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ܿԿ࣬ϵƺƽ˲١Ҳһ˿Цݡ˵Ҿллˡ㻹СǸ𡯲ɳڴммǡ
ҵ˵ͷǡ𡯽ָ
ǣǳ˵ллղûֹϣܹ֮һֱϻǹͷѹеһʯһνˡԺԻͼͲԼǸˡ˹ͷҲеƷйʵǸлǡ
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Ƥգգ۾ԣ
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˵ʵ֮ǰȷʵе㵣ģھøӵġҵϹװӡǸܡ
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Ϲۿ˿һңһЦˣŲΪǮأ
ҲЦˣΪʲôءľġҸǮҾҪõܼ򵥡̫ˣ߰ɣ
Ϲһ˵ͷáҵľҵġԺҪѧһˡ
˵˳
ҵ˵ͷͶˣ¬̽Աôȥ˵ɡ


ڰʮ ޶Ų
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һǵ˵ͷ˵ڽϹۡ
е㼤˵³ڻûΪһֱܵġҲһʧɢ˶ʮĺӣӦòҵû뵽ҵˡ̫ˣ̫ˡ
£˵С㣬ҪѪDNAȶԣɣ
Ϲ۵˵ͷ˵ԡ
վ˸绰ʱ˹ԱˡϹ۲һЩѪѪȥˡ
˵³˵Ƿڱչģ˶ܴ򿪱չԾҡڶ³̫̫ĶŮڹ˾ţŷŲ֪ǲĿԴǸչأ
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˽һʮûļõ긾Ůվ˵ʦô¡ڶ³ȥôʱ䣬ܻ𻯻ܷŲΪʲô
ЦЦ̫̫żЩǶ³ǰǸչ³˵ˣֻҵʧɢŮܴ򿪱չ񡣲ܾһļƻ
Ů˿˿ңֿ˿ߵϹۣĶ񶾡Ѵ˶ĵӡ
Ϲһе㱻ŵˡ͵͵Ϲ۵ϷһѣϹһֹͣˣǸŮ΢Цŵ˵ͷã
ǸŮ˺һʱû֣˷ֲƲʱˡҲ֪Ұ֡
仰˵ĳ˵ƵζϹ˺üͷǿû˵ǸŮЦЦ
ҲŮ˵Ļе֣ǺһǶˣҲ˵ʲôֻܲ˵ڶ³ʧɢĴŮҲҵˣ򿪱չóɡ
Ϲߵ˱չǰ棬˿չļ̣Լաʱ򣬰칫澲ˣڵ϶˶סϹ۵Ķ
˶ֻǵһ죬չӦ
ЦЦ˵չ²Ʒ벻ԣչԶըģҲꡣ
⻰ҶϹ˰ѺһۣΪʲô˵
̹ȻҲһۡ˵ļٲˣʲôµġ
ҡҡͷվλáϹλǾ뱣չġҪıըˣҲġɼҺϹ۵Ρһ˵ʲô
ϹóһţƤֽӦþǸ̫̫ĺӶ򿴿Ǹ֣ţƤֽӽ˹ȥЩ˵ǻصλϡ
˶ʧĻصλϡ
˹ĴţƤֽóļݺΰ˵Ĳࡣ
һ꣬ͶһըңϹۻը˹Ǹ̫̫ţʲôǸҰ֣Сôԡ˭֪ĸҰĳġҪǸһٷ֮ƾʲô
ŮһӣȻֻʮ꣬ҲŽ
Цſ˿ˣ֪ǶˡС˵ȷڸ
ȻСĺܹá˶ס˿ڡ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ЦЦ˵ڲܸѾȡСѪҺDNAȶԡֻҪˣҪִΰǰѾҾǼ֤ˡʵɿ⣬йĹӡ⣬ߣҪ˵ϷҪߵһõġ
˵óһļ˿˵ļΰʲ档Ĳʽ𣬼ֽ𣬵ȵȡһۼǶʮҡ˵ŰѱƵϹ۵ǰ
Ϲе㷴Ӧˣʵһ̫ˣ֮ǰĿݻҪǿһࡣôǮҲˡҵİٷ֮ǾˡҲƽһףΪˡϹۣҲеѣΡ
Ϲûʲô飬Ҹô࣬еܲˡ
ϹûпǷŲ棬ֻľȻİѱҡ𱨸뿴ҵǰҲһƬãҲ̫ˡ
˲Ʋ棬Щ˸ӲƽˣǸ̫̫еУܸǸҰ֣һҪߡһҪߡžԻҺЩǴôõĹ󸾵Ŀˡ
Һߣۼ䡣ô˵ҲǸˣֻգֻ߬ȭͷԸԵ졣͵ۿϹۣϹ۷㣬ǸŮ˵áȻš
ٿϣֹǸŮ˵áüͷȴû˵
ʱһԱһݱ˽˿棬˵ЩСDNAѾˡǶ³ΰŮûڿʼִ
ôһ˵Ůøˡ˵С㣬ˣбҪҿñЩߡ
Ůô˵ͣסָͣ˵ĹεĶô꣬㾹Ȼ⡣ţҪÿ
ЦЦڿ֤ˣС˵һҲĹҲҪҡִֻΰҪʲô⣬ܴ˾Ҫ㣬ٶڵĹ˾ϷҲ١Ҫˡ
˵ſ˿ϹۣϹ˵ǲѾˣ˵ͷϹ۶˵ϰ壬߰ɡ뾲һ뿴ϰ֣
ҿ˿˵ǿ˰ɣʦ
˵ͷ˵㻹ǹ˾ʦ𣿡ǵ˵ͷЦЦǾ鷳㣬ȥΰɣ
˵ͷû⡣
˵Ŵ˳ȥǸø˺档
˹˾ҵĳҶ˵Ҳϲ̫̫
˿ңЦЦڹϣûʲôϲϲġһ˽Ƕ˵ҲǲϲǷǳǰͷԣġ˵Ӷġ
һ¡˿ߵϹۡϹѹҡҡͷ˵ϵǰʲôӣǮʲôã
Һһۣ̾˿


ڰʮ ΰĺ
Ǵģŵʱ򣬶ΪǮֱܶˣȴһǮҲߡˡܹģֻ޵̰
ǲ㵱긶˶٣ŵõЩƸֻӦµĸࡣ
ͺΰٸڣֻаٷ֮ʮҲжʮڣǻҲĲƸû㡣ҪϹ۸裬ҪһһҰ֣һһҰֵĽš
ҺӮңڶǣϵġϸϸҲ˺ܴĴ̼ҲÿһǮ׵õġ̫ˣͲϧˡ
ǹݡһСΰʬ塣
ɵıУΰ档ݣѪɫ۽գȴ˵ģꡣܸе֮ǰǾܴʹġ
Ǯʹģû˿ԷֵǮҲ
Ϲ۹ΰʬǰ棬ĿͷС˵˼ңҽһϵҲ԰οˡҵʵ̫ˡҲ֪ôźá̽Ұɣ
ҿΰʬ壬һʱе㱡Ǹо˻ʱվ
һۺᣬҲ˵³飬˽Ҳ԰ϢˡģֻҪС㲻ߣҶ߰ġ
Ҳ˵ʲôֲ֪˵
ԽԽĻ˼νԵԡԡ
ϹۿĹͷվ˵С㡣³£Ҫˡ
Ϲۿ˿ң˵ÿңôôɣ˼ҵ˼
Ϲ۵˵ͷţ𻯰ɡȻȥĸ׵Ĺ˺ˡ
˵ͷʵҪҪ֪̫̫ͨǣ
Ϲ˵֪ͨɣô˵ҲǷһҲǸһ֪ͨɡ
ȥ˼绰ֻصߣҡҡͷأҪˣ˶Ź
Ϲüͷ˵御ˣ𻯣
һСʱõΰĹǻҡϹ۰װһ̳ֿһ߳ǹݡ
ҿһ˵ЩԵģһÿ˶ֻһ㣬ͳԲȥˡ
˵С㣬ڰ㿴˾ô
Ϲۿ˿˵ʦ˾Ҳ㿴ɡֻ뾡ϵá
˵ͷɣǱԭȶôôŶӺܺã³ǰĵӴľͺܺãʱˡ
˵ֿ˿ңʵ¬İٷ֮Ҫֽ𣬻Ҫɷݣ
һ㶣˵һһ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ͷãһ֮ڣǻǮתϡҪСһ˾СҲҪᡣ˾ĸ߹ܡ
ҺϹһ˵ͷ
ʵС㣬ǲȥ³ıס
ϹҡҡͷȥˣЩ˲Ҳ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ԣҲҪǰߣǾ͵ðߡ
ϹҡҡͷˣסɣҲȥסˡһǻϰҡһаϵ˵ɡ
˵Ҳá³⻹ױҲȥǲǸɸ˾һҲá
Ϲҡҡͷˡ
˵һʱ䣬еܲˡȵ˾ɡ
ֻõ˵ͷҲáһеȻ˵ɡ
˲ǷֵޡҿϹۣصҵ̽硣
Ϲ۰ΰĹǻҷŵСƵɡϡ˸¯֧㡣
ڷϣϹ㶵Ҳ˵ҵˮظϹۡ
ϹľȻĺһڣ˵ϰ塣Ⱦơ
ҿЦһ£ʱ仹磬ٺȰɣûԺҲһ롣
Ϲۿ˿ң˵ϰ壬Ҿϵܿ˵ЩǮʲôã
̾˿ǮҲûʲôãǶϵ˵һֿ϶ŬĳɹڲһˡһӴĻܶ˶ڸ췹ԡúãҶԳԱҪòãܶ˻ᰤġɲô˽
Ϲۿ˿ңǰҵûЩǲеѼϼܰ
ЦЦûʲôѧ¡Ϊһǰ;ĸŵġ
ϹЦˡǽһЦҵҲŷ˵ϣҺˡףΪţ㲻ãǵһأԺҪϹأҪأ
Ϲ˵ֶҵģһĸȡãǶ̫ˣһҲܶһϵȡģôҲҲܶһʣһеΪѡ
ЦЦʵҲûʲôΪѵģͽϹͶ𣿡
Ϲ۵۾һ԰ܺáܺáԺҾͽϹˡ
˵֮еûˡ˵ԺҪôأ
Ц˵Ժ飬Ժ˵Ժ϶ǲˡʽĽƸ㡣㲻Աˡ
ϹȻ֪ڿЦҲ¡Щᣬ૵˵ʵҾﻹͦõġûء˵ţվתţÿĶ
ҡҡͷȹ˱ˮ˸绰˹ϴϡ
ϹתһȦֻصӱϣ˵ϰ壬ȥϵİɣ
ҵ˵ͷȻ˵˼ڣǲǮҲȥġ𣡡
ϹЦЦϰ壬Ǹˡںкñ
ҺٺٵЦЦ˶кñģҲһ
ʱ򣬵ʹˡ˺ܶĲˡһžͱԹ˵ô񫰡ǰ꣬롣Ҹ㣬ֺ걧ҿޡŪ·ȫǴ飬ˡ
ҸϽӹǵĲˣЦϻ࣬ԷԹǴ£û˿ޡ
һȤʲô£
һϴˣһ߰һĴ澭˵Ϻ͵
ҽ˴Ҳɵˡ׷ʵһжǮ
˵˵ֲٶڡ
׷ʵ٣
˵ٷ֮
ָͷ˰죬ŵ˵Сڣ
ҵ˵ͷϴض㣬еҾӦúһ˽̽ɡҸ˾͵ôǮһҲСӦ͡Ӧ͡
Ҳܾȣô࣬ǡ
һĵļ򣺡㿴ɣܵ˺ðɡľˣһһҲˡڰ
Һһʲô˵ҡϹһٶأûͣ׷ϣ˭
ҵĻϲ̬ˣεĿϹһۡҷϹ۵ıҲΡ


ھʮ Դ˸еף
Һ֪Ϊʲô˶ֱ飬ǻûʳҽе˳
оŲʽûἰǮ顣
ҿŵϺƽղһľѾˡ
ʵôǮ㲻𣿡
˵ͷˣˡ
ʵأ
̧ͷңôˣ
ʼ򣺡ѵͲ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ʵǸеȣû뵽ôǮʹûЩǮҲҹҸӡҲ˵ǵĿǮûʲôϵҪ㲻ЩǮıˣҾ͸еˡ
ҵУһֵҸĲӰǸжָо޷ģͺȵտһȪ˸е޵ˬ졣
ߵߣӺıҲͷҵϡͷɢ㣬һ
ʱһſ𣺡˵ôҪʲôʱܳԵϡ
ҺͷֻһЦվſڡ
Һһ˵㻹ûеò𣿡
ϺٺٵЦ˰㣬˵˭ȥţȥϹɡｻˡҪûҵļ๤ⷹһҲԲˡСӣϲ鷳ôǮˣȥԵˡڼʲô
˲ˣ˵Ǻãͽˡҳȥˡ
ȥˣϺҲվˮǰ棬ʰ㡣˵ҿɸ㣬ɱ𵽴˵ȥ֪ҵƢҲϲ̫ġ
ϺеĲɣƺû˵Ļüײһ£û
Ͽ˿ңӦһ
ʵôˣĲɵġǲΪϹ¡㻹׷׷ˣ
ϿһۣЦһԭ˼ʱ򣬶ûдӦҡһٶڣһٶڣһ׷˼ҡʵⲻǿЦ
ҡҡͷϹˣǰвʲôֻܴиõ㲻һ壬
ЦЦϹȷʵˣҵðɡ˵ˣˣСһôǮֲҵ˵ǲǸøŪڷѡҪҵĴɲ
ҸϽģˣүҷˡҵĹﻹ̣ˡòã
ĵ˵ͷǻ˵ĻҪ㡣ָ㣬ǴҶǺõ𣿡
ҡҡͷҪ𣿻㣬ϳôọ̃˲㰡˰㡣
ϿЦҲǣϡΪС˲ˡǺǡ
ĲҲһҺʹæͷ󺹣һӵĲˣҲǺܿġ
˵ô˵ҲһˡҺʹȻûϹĺãҲǵˡԺϹҪʼһµˡٹƶˡҲ֪Ϲ˵ǺǻԶסЩѡɱ
ľˮϹˡǼ˵ϰ壬ϸ磬ǶǺˡҪʱңԶѡ
ҲЩпЦЦỹûֹסȥɣ¬ġǮܱûǮáҲзգΪǮҲǺ¡Ƕף㣬һǮпĵˡ
˵ԣϹ֮󣬾һ׶ˡֲҲԺҪϹˡ
ʱϹ۸ежĽűϡǡͷͷ֪ʲô˵ʲôоȻвĿ⡣Ӧû᲻ϹۡΪÿ춼Ϲι
Ϲͷͷ˵㡣ҲҵѣԶġ˵Ŵ룬ͷһơͷһ
˵ϹһҪ죬ʼǾǰүӺϹᡣϹĹؾڡݡ
ʹ϶һ£˵ݣȥ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷҾϹһˡ
ϵ˵ͷϻô˵ĵطϹһ߰ȻȥˡǻСΪ
üͷ˵ǰϴξôգһΡ
ҿ˵ĵġļ򣺡İɣҪҲҪһˡһСĵģ˵Сͷڣİɡ
ͷСһ˵ǣڣû⡣
ó˻ܿүӻĹͷͼĸӡϣǰһ£˰ɣ˱ݾߣֻҪͺá
Ͽ˿ͼ˵ĺܹ죬Ҫǿһˡİɣһġ
ֶԵ˵ڹʬҲܷ׷飬֪и۹мˡȻǮǸ߶ˣһߵ֪µġӦ׷ȥ
˵ͷ˵˵ʲôʱ򣬵ﵱӳˡ
ЦЦҿû㣬ǺԼŮ˵ءҲŲȥﵱӳһᱻġ
˵ϸ磬ʬҲǷİֻҪǷǾӦùܲǣ
ϺٺٵЦˣʲôˣѧʲô̽ҲѧˡȻҪܡһ鵽ס
Ҳ˵Ҫ͹ͷйصģһҪƵù
ʹһ˵ͷ
Ҽ˵ҪϹȥ˾ᡣҰѸҵǮһɷˣҲСɶˡϹҪ͹˾ĸ߹ܼ档֮ǾͶȥݡ
˵ʲôʱ
üͷ룬ҡҡͷҲ˵áǻᾡġһҪǵãҲڵʱ򡭡
ϴңôˣƵģһֱ¸ûꡣˣȾơ
ʵԼҲԼ܆£ǲ֪Ϊʲôǲģ˵䡣
ҿ˿ϣцµĻ˻ȥ˵ȾơףףϹΪš
Ȼɱ
һעעҪȶġĸ˲֪˶پơȻڼ䲻Ǹ˵ĳɷ֣ÿҲǸ¡
Ҳ֪ô룬֪Լ뷨ȷʵΪϹˣҲΪԼˡ
ҲףǮһ̶ȣһ֣Ѿûʲôʵˡ
ҸΪԼ˵ҵһôõŮѡԽǾõãԽиĵģͺ¡
֪ǶȰңٵ͸¶ŲõĵϢҾңĻҪġ޷⡣
ʱҵĵΪʲôҲҪǸյĵطǸ˹ϢĵطȴûΪԼһ㡣ҵˡҸ㲻ڵʲôҾǡ޶˶˵ڵġ
Һҵҵĵԭ򣬿ǻûҵҵǰѾģѾˡ


ھʮһ Ϲķ
һ˵ЩʲôǵˡֻǼǵǺ˺ܶľơ
ϹˣҾú⼸ͻı仯еܲˡһáлԼĸסȨޡ
Ҳˡȴ֪ԭûпޣֻǿڵĻ档
ֻǵã󣬺ͷҲˡ
ʱڴϡŵϵ·ãҲ֪ӦøˣǲӦøˡ
ǵ˸泯ңͷҵıûҶţ͵۹ۿ˯̬
Ľë΢΢ţûʩϹ⻬̲ۡסһڡ
ȴû뵽ҸˡԭҲˡ
ҰѵڻĶС˵ˣ
̧ͷ˿ң𣿡
ҡҡͷûʲôͦõġ
ҵͷסҵĲӣƬ촽˹
ƬһһҵĴһƬհסȺȶ˻ҪԺָоͺһˡ
ǷֿҿߵĵҲǺġҿе㲻˼ˡ
ֽرסƬһ
ҵţʵʲôʱߣ
˵ȥ˾ᣬҪûʲô£ߡ
˵ͷԼһҪСġҺܵء
̾˿ʵҸʹϡ
һ㶣̧ͷ˿ңǣʲôõĵģǻʲô飿
üͷʵҶо̫áŻŵģֱҲףǵǡҷҺϹۡȥֻҪְֵĹǻҺͷŵĹ档Ҳûʲôµģϸ
ЦЦǲǸûˡİɡҺϸ綼бԼ
ߵߡķֽҵҵġҫʡ滭ŷˣԼһţһŸϡ
ôԼ
ҿЦһҲ֪ԼⶫǲǹáһҪǰϣǲҪģҪЦҡ
˵ͷǻɳװģҲеˡΪʲô
̾˿йҡҲû취֪ΪʲôǵǡһҪŰ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ҿ˿ʱ䣬Ե˵쵽ʱ俪ˡҺϹҪˡȥһ°ɡ
Һ͵˷䣬ϹѾĳˡǣЦЦ˯ú𣿡
Ȼǻлڵ٩ǡǴ󷽷˵ܺðϸأҼǵҲûߡ
ϹЦЦָָҵİ칫ң˯ءЦҡҡͷ㴦ɣҪϴȥˣҪϽˡߵʱ򣬰ŴϾС
ϴϣϹһţٳŵʱϹ͵Ȥˣϰ
ҲʾԼСİСš˹Ц
˳ϹЦݾʧˡĬĬڸʻλϡ
ҿ˿һ߿һʵôˣôˡ
Ϲ˿ң˵ϰ壬е㺦ǸطǸŮˡܾЩǮҡҡ
ҴϹĻ̫ˡǰ㸸׹ЩǮĸײǮǣȻ㸸׵뷨ȻĸҪӦôЩ˲£ֻҪᶨ뷨˭¡
ϹСֿ˿ңҸһЦϹҲЦˡ
˾ǰԱųӣȴӭǵϰ塣ҺϹ³ʱҵͬʱЩƵҲڽͷӶ˵ʲô
кףƯŮӣͻȻӵĲƸһܴ顣ϹĸǶȿһϰģЩЩҲ
ҸϹһֱ߽˹˾˶㣬Щ˾ĸ߹ѾΣ˳Ļߡ
Ϲ΢΢ף˵λãҽϹλָ̡
һƬһгڻĺ𣺡ߣȻ̳үӵŲôҪϹ治֪ôģ
ͣͷҵĽ䡣̫̫һĲм
е˶ϹȴķӦϹЦЦû⣬˵ǽ￪һͷᣬҶڹ˾ҵ񻹲֪λ뷨λߴͽ̡
̫̫ʲôᡣҰ֣
ҲᷢģѾеܲסˡҸվȴߵһסҡü͵˵ֲļˣļͥս㲻ܽ룬Ȼ鷳Ҫǵ¶³ԼԣԼ
ҿ˿̾˿ٿϹϹҲһһ׵ġ
ͻȻϹСվǿЦЦ˵λ̫̫Ҫйڹ飬ڿ֮ǰд档Ҫҿҵʦ㡣ҵҿһ˵֮ϹΪڶʮǰʧˡϹķˡǶҺŮһνײ״ұϹϡ֮ǰǽϹ۵ģСǸ׸ȡáҾͰԼָĳСҶҵ˺ҵ˵һָмͼʲôżѪŵҸ׵ѪңңͶҸ׶ǲصġеĻҪ㡣УҪĺDNAҸ׵DNAһôʲôҪǲһʲô
ϹһֻǸŮҭһһģһ仰Ҳ˵
Ҹеʮֵʹ죬û뵽Ϲô첻ѣһڣֻҽеķ蹷һŮ˱͡ҲĵؿңҲʹ졣
̫̫ҲվָָϹСҲû˵ʲôڴеҵĹɷݣҪ֣Ҳٿˡ
ϹС˿΢΢ĵ˵ͷϹ˵ã飬һᾡָ㡣УסǸ͸ˡô˵ҲҸһôˡҲллġ
̫̫ߺߵˡ
дУʹ죡ֻͽ鷳Ůˡоݣ˱Ư
ĸ߹Ҳ¶͵Ц
߾ȻӯۿϹ˵Сж³ȣҺֿ˶³
Ͷ³ĸ
˵ͷǰⲻһ˵׵ġ
ҿҲġҪȻΰôҪ齻ͺһйµĴ󳼣ҪµİϹ·ӦһЩɡ
ǱϹ˵ˣڻûбʲô飬ûеĻǾͼɡ


ھʮ ͻ¼
̫̫Ժ󣬻鿪÷ǳ˳ͳɹ߹Ƿ׷˻㱨һҲͷۡû뵽ϹļԳĺáЩ˵һݣǵáҿ
ҲеﲻѣѾͷʺϵ³
֮ʣ߹Ƿ׷ױʾЧҹ˾ЧҶ³ұ֤Ϲڵ⼸죬ù˾ƽȵĶȹ
߹ǶˣټĻֻʣϹҡ
ҳŹ˾׼Ĳ㡣óһļ˵¬ǩˡͿõǮˡ
ҹӵ˵ͷҲûļǩ֡Ц˵㵽ǿ
ʳ˵ɶģǸǮǺǣ˵һŲ𣿡
ҡҡͷóһļϹ˵³ҲҪǩǩǲܸ¬Ǯ
Ϲӹļһ飬ǩ֡˵Сʺҿûġ
վ˵ˣļѾǩˡͽȥ磬Ǯ͵ˡУһǮ۳ɹɷݣǰٷ֮ʮҲ˵ӵ˾ٷ֮ʮĹɷݡ˶³Ĺɶ
ҿ˿˵˵ǶҵģЦЦ˼ٺ٣ڹ˾ûְԲù£ֻǵףȷֺˡ
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Ц˳ȥ
Ϲ˳ȥյߣϰ壬ҵıô
ЦЦ˵ϰˡǴϰ塣ֵĺܺã󷽡ǸŮ˱ˡɵƯ
ϹңҺԼ̫ˣܲ˵ġ
ҡҡͷүᷢģûû˵ġҽлᡣúãǲӦˡȥʰʰ
Ϲ˵ͷáǻȥ
ʱֻˣżſϹ˵Ƕ³ĿѾˣˡðɡ
Ϲ˿ʵжǮ
˵߰ǧɣҲǺֻ̳Լɣա
ϹӹϵıǸӡ
ҺϹص˼УҪʰҳȥһЩƷŪЩаĶзֽʲôġԱʱ֮衣
ʱһص˼Ϲʰ˶緹Ҳˡҳ緹صԼķ䣬Ϣһ
˯𣬵绰Ժץ绰洫ιװģڸʲô
һ˻ͷԼһ㣬˵˯ٺ٣
ЦЦ㵹ãԲһôῪ𣿡
˵ˣϹǸ̫̫㶨ˡڿҵǮҲˡٺ٣ˡ
˵Һϸһϰ࣬ͿʼǸʬİӡ˵ʱ䣬ڽ·ϵһͷļ¼ҵˣһӦþǰѹʬǸֿߵĳ
һ˾񣺡ģ̫ˡû뵽Ĺ·Ҳװͷ
˵ǰﾭнͨ¹ʣԸոհװһͷûлڣӦǿ˱Сʱ֪ȥ򣬲ԿţӦòþͻҵ
˵ţһεĶܿ졣Сĵ㣬Ҫжһ
˵֪ˣ¬衣Ҫֵࡣܹȥˡȥ㡣
΢еʧЦ˵ãҵ㡣
ˣ˯ˡڴϣÿҵķ
ֻǼ֮䣬Ҿ͸еû뵽ַȤҷֺ֣ɵķרŵõƽʱĺУκ顣
һϰɣһ߿ſҵ顣
ҿˡⱾʱһš塱ĵεðдļ֮൱֮ϡν滷ɽ룬ģչǡΪˮǵءĵطմȾЩȻǺܲõġڱӡӵ˶˹»Ұ
Ȼ˵ĵطǲû˵ôƵˮֻ֡Լ취Щ˵ǺġҪܳһʱſסҪһʵϰһ¡
ҿһӵ飬˷䡣һԼĿĵˣڸееľڵĻǮʽⱲǾԲܻġ
ϹСһֱʰӣѾ˼ˡǻڴɨҲûд
ͷſԺӣɹ̫ҷһϲɹ̫Ҷڡͷߣԡͷ˵ǻҪȥݡ
ͷ̧ͷ˿ңգգ۾һνӡ
ЦЦҺϲһţӣ˭Ҳ֪һıǲҲôĻҾͿͨҵЩʬŵĵطˡ
뵽Ҷԡͷ˵ı𣿡
ͷңƺû˵ĻĿҡ룬һСԡͷ˵ţȻҰܲҵ
ͷƺûʲôȤ˸ۣſڵϣٿҡ
ЦЦһﲻС
ͻȻ洫һ춯Ϲˤ
ҸϽܽֻϹ˵ϡţϵı쳣ʹ࣬ͷ亹
ҸϽϹߣʵôˣϹ
Ϲѵ̧ͷ˿ҡ˵ܣܡ
ҸϽ׷ʣܣ
Ϲѵ˵ӣͷ󱳣ȶۡ˵žȻڵϴ
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˵һ£ȥҽԺ
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аУԾǲⲻԾ
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ҸϽֽҵġҫʡ滭һûʲôգѷΣŵϹĿڴ
ŽȥӣϹ͸еöˡſڵϿңʵϰ壬ôˣ
ҡҡͷҲ˵֪϶ˡڶʩӦа
ϹҰɳϡһˮϹ˼ˮöˡ
ʵϰ壬ʲô
˵Ҹ㻭һû뵽ͦʹ
ʱҷϹĶͷϣкڵ֡ϹüͷԴеۣղôˡ


ھʮ ʤ֮
ŬĻſҵϣаƪ飬Ӧνġʤ֮
ʤ⼴ʤ֮ϵ÷ԴﵽʤˡħֵĿġ
ֶڱаͺĹޡЩڡʤ֮ıаġҲкܶķʿֶˡ
ʷҲء
Ƹʱڣʺ׼֮Ůһ±ڹ֤ݲա
ʺŲıʿʩʤ֮أº󱻸ڵ֪ŭ乬ʮʮգƸ޵ȳ͢س֧£ڰگ飺ԡı¶ʤ֮ˣʧĸĸµͳʺΪˣǵĸĸֵܵҲ٣ϡ˱òпֶκ
ѩ۵ġ¥Ρٹôһι£ͼֱˣֱΣμ񰡵ġ
ĸæȥѱĸþǾͨרҵ˲ţ֮ڱָͷ˼ֳһ˵ܾͺˣⲻһʱ֡
ָ߼ĸҪһλҪ͡
ĸûǮʹ̼ʤдֽϣһҴǸ˵ĴϾˣֻڼЧ顣
ˣȻͷ͸
˵ñ˵ãרҵտ
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¥Ρ˵ģʤúء
ѵϹҲʩʤ֮˭أ
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ҿ˿ϹǺܵӣûиղôˡҪ볹׵ĽҪҵǸʩ֮ˡõʤ֮ôأ
ڷϹ˵ϰ壬ʲôأ⵽ôˣ
һع˵˶ʩˡʤ֮ұҪҵʩ˺õĶȻòˡ
Ϲ˵˭أ
Һһ㻹֪˭ˣˣ
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뵽ҲҲЩԥ̫̫أ
ǣϹﻹгˣ޵Ҫġ
ȥ˵
ǱڳǶһкܶıҵıģ׾ҵˡ
ھҪеĵطͣ˳Ųͷ߽
Ժ澲ĵģˡΧǽĺȥ
ĺǽܸߣʵǽǰդǽһ
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šͷӰʧڱ棬е㵣ġͦӵģ֪ͷǲܹأ
ԣָԼͷֻǳһӣǹٲͨĹӦöġ
ҽȺţ̲סһ̡֧
ճ鵽һ룬ĺԺšͷһɫ磬ӱ˳һӴܵҵĻС
ұšͷתܣܵ˳ϡ
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һȻԭΪʩʤ֮һҪ֣ڿͷһϹģʩ֮ˣϹģ̫̫Ҳ񶾵ģԤı
ҰżպãġͷԴаҲˣġ
ͷ΢΢Ļζһβͣһ΢顣
ҵǺ֪ͷôġ̣ҡɼͷһȥͳȥҧסżģһ̣һڰǱһҵʱһڵֵġ
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ʱ˼ſڡҸϽ˽ȥֻϹӭ˳
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ϹĬһʵô죿
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Ϲ͹зżʵôоٱը
ҿ˿ϹЦЦ㲻Ǻúõôը㡣
ҵĻ䣬һõӰӳǵǰ档ǸõӰۣɽǰ˵ʦڰ


ھʮ 
վߵϹһʵ˭
ҿ˿ǸõӰд׼֣˵Ǹʩչʤ֮˰ɣ
Ӱ˵ǰС֪ˣѾˣըȥҿɾҪûˣְܳͣɡ
ʵ˭ָʹ£
Ӱ޳ˣǸ̫̫ҲΪҲϡų⺦˵СŹҰɣҲˡ
Ϲһ߿ǸõӰ˵˰ɣϰ塣һֿġ
̾˿Ǹż˳
ӰؾͰݣһʮͷ
Ҷ˵Ǻοɣһ޵֮ˣôΪһ顣ȥɣҲĻˡȻһ㡣
˵ͻȥ̸ǹҲһˡİɡ˵ӰһΣˡ
Ϲ˿ңЦЦϰҲС
ҡҡͷ㲻øлˣллͷͿʦȽϺá
ϹЦЦҪлҪȥͷͷҪ档
ҵ˵ͷ鲻
ԹҺϹڷУŲ衣
ϹΰĹǻҹޣ
һߺŲ裬һ˵еΪѣ
Ϲ˿ңʵҲûʲôΪѵģǮ̫̫ǣҲˡֺοƣе벻ͨûʲôԩ𡣡
ЦЦǮֵģǮʲôöйʧȥӵС룬һô࣬ЩǮԭΪġǸ̫̫˵һʱܲҲġ²˵Ҳûбİ취Ҳ˵ǸˡҲ̫ˣֻҪ£ͬİ·ˡ
ϹС˵ͷеĲɡ˵Ϣɣ컹Ҫ·Ϲ˵ͷ²豭صԼķ䡣
ҲصԼķ䣬ȴ˯ţֿʼ֮Ϳҵӡ
ֱҹɾȣûһ˼
ͻȻҵǰһΣСƳվҵǰ
һСһֱûгֹҲ㶼ˡСʵôˣѵҲٻص
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СƵ˵ͷ룬˵ǡе˵
ҿСƵӣʵʲô飬˵ɡֻҪõһᾡġ
СҡҡͷҵûʲôҪֻߵǸǻҹӡ
ЦЦϹĸףҾͰˣôˣˣ
СҡҡͷѵǣֻζҾеϤǸϹζ
һ㶣˵ʲôʲôζ
С˵ʵһζļˡȻԱɱģϵζǲ׸ıġȻȷζʵ̫ˣҼǵǸүҵʱ򣬾ζֻζŲֻ˹ĲŵҾţһȥˣҪԼСİ
СʧˡȴãΰСҵģǿɾе˼ˡѵΰĻֻε֣
뵽ҲΰĹҪԼ͵ݵģѵǸֻ֡ͲΰֻǽΰҲֵģĿľһصȥʲôڵع
ҺϹֲСƵĸоǴģ̫çײˣ
ǰ룬ΰ˼ΪʲôһҪҰѰʧɢ˶ʮŮϹҲЩɱ˰һ㡣ѵһʼҾˡΪʲôҪأΪʲôһأ
Ұ˼⣬Խе飬Խ⡣ƽ޹ʵõڵŲⲻϵڱʮϵĽڱұɣڿȷʵֵûɡ
ΰϹĹϵȷģϹΰŮһ㲻ɡϹЩŲҲ޿ɺǡǶڸҵڣЩǣǿˡǣҪǣС
ʵһֱúֶֻҺ˽⡣ҵƢҵĸԶ˽⡣ǮͲ᲻ϹʵڵʹûǮҲ᲻ϹģΪѾǺˡ
ֻпǣҺϹżȷʵһ⡣ΪʲôҪһһεİҪңҪ֪ЩʲôҪ֪Щʲôֱ˵Ҳ˵Щǲ˵޷˵á
кܶìܵĵطһʱҵ˼ֻˡ
´ҵһ̣˼Լ˼ƽ˼·Ҳˡ
ѡҪȷΰ͹ǲһġһҪҪ֪ΰĿģҪʲôںȻصҲһʲô飬塱
뵽е㲻ȼֽʬ¡Ϊһһڱ˵İ£ǰձ˵뷨˼·ȥȴ֪˵Ŀġ
ȴ޷Ϲ˵Ҳ˵ұһ˴ʮֵľ񣬲в̤вҾͻһߣŪƹ֮䡣ڻСͷҡҲΣ֡
ӿµǻ
ͻȻΰǲܼġһжΪ˰塱ôԵ˭أ
ԭΪѾ˼·ͻȻеԼԴתе㲻ˡ
ʱҲûֻܸԼһĲԣһо䡣Ҳ뵽һĲ߷
Ϲ𴲵ʱѾܾ͡ûȶˡҵĶոշ¡ʹҲŽˡ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵һ£˳Ϲ͡ͷѾ˳ҰѼԿ׸˵һѣҲļңʱ
ŷӣ·ȥǲͣĻֵʹϡ


ھʮ Ϲ춯
ϵĳ߷ڻûеǾѾ˳ǣ˸ٹ·
Ϲųľɫüͷ΢ƺеĲɡ
ͷһӣſںϣ۾ֻ䣬ȴһͣתšƺʲôźš
ҵҲңһҹû׵飬ʱֶҵԴ棬һ顣
һ˻ԴŬо񿪳ִ˳죬ͬʱʹɵĺʽľҵľҲż
ֱ磬ǲ˳ҵһ˷ڼϹһֻܳĬ
֪˳ϹŶ˵ϰ壬ʲô£
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ϹЦЦһǵ¡ϰֻȥȻáֱǸŮ˺һ¡͸Ӳˡе㿪ˣľɫʵǺ
ȷʵĵɽ䣬һƬ̣ɽɽ̣ԶԶȥɷǺÿ
Ҳ˿Զľɫ˵ȷʵҪɽУҲûôˡ컹ãҪɽɽ·ͦµġ
ϹںЦЦûµģҶϰĳǷء
ҺٺٵЦţҲе㺦¡
йһ·ΣͻȻоеֵֹġں濴ҵĸо
͵ػͷˡͷʲôûСǡͷĶѾ֮ǰתˡǳźķһ۾ǰյġʲô
ٿߵϹڹķ羰Ҳûʲô
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һԼɹģרĿָоڵģҵһ㷳ҡ
콫ڣֵǸСǸСùݡſڵĻǸŮˣһŹӣһ߿ңЦ˵ˣ˵ֿ˿Ϲʵ䷿
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Ҷԡͷ˵ȥȥϹķɡ
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뵽ӭϹ˹ȥһϹһֻ֣һֻ֣ϹҸ£һ֣סϹĸ첲
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ͷ̹ģ̿ǵһΡͷȻǶϹʵǺͶһġ
һҵĶ䱻ֱ졣ԴʲôصĻһ£һͻȥ֮仹죬ʲô
ϹҲˣֱӻ˹ȥҲˡ
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һԼĶҲҲеֽš
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˿ϵϹֿ˿ң԰ĺʲôˡҡ
ҴĻǲǣиѪѹһĲ
ǸŮ˵˵ͷеѪѹ
˵ǾͶˣǶεˡ


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ҿ˿ͷߣ˵˵ܲܲҽУĽ˵ġ㿴Ů˶ˡҵĶڻ졣
ͷҷ˷ۣ˵ҲҽУ˭㲻
̾˿аҪûСͷһУ֪Ҫֵʲôʱ򡣿ϹˡΪЩа֮ԡͷҲûа취аںǸˡ
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õ¹⣬ҵϡľеˡ
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һһԭ£ǽҲеߡҲ˺ܾãϹеӦǡż֮
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ٴϳʱϹ˶ɶˡȼ˶־ҲеοһǿŮӡֻһʱʴӣԲŻǸӡ
ڵϹȼ˶־Ҳеࡣ
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ҵ˵ͷʵүӣأ
үӻ˻֣ˣˣɽȥˡüˣûҲ֪ôˣôֻˣϸ


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ү˵ϴ˵ĵڶ죬ϸż˽ɽȥˣ˵ʲôһ˻ˣһˣϵ˶ˡ˵Ҳ˵ֻ˵ңңҵġûһʱ˾ͶɽȥˡˣҲ߲ˡֻټ￴ˡ
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תܡȴүӽסˣˣʲôȥˣܽɽˡ
ͣ˽Ųͷ˿үӣֿ˿졣ȷʵѾʼˣò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻȫڵġǶ·óȻɽҲûʲôô
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Һ͡ͷԺ棬ߡߵƲŽߣʼ
̾˿Ϊ֮ǰԼ뷨ʱѾ뵽ˣһʲô飬塱ķȥڹȻ顣
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ƿ˷ţȻһˡһϸһǲһˣһ߸ʬһߺڡ塱һĸʬ


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ҾȵĿһУЦץס㣬ΪⳡꡣҲ컯ˡ
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Ϲںһͷˮҡһ£Ϲ⣬
㱱ɽͽ̧Ǹǧˮ߹˵û뵽ǵϵˣ֪λֵܸմأ
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㱱ɶϹЦŵ˵ͷ˵һ𵽴ɡ
ֻõ˵ͷϹ͡ͷһ㱱ȥ
û뵽㱱һֱң߽˳´ˮļҡһ˵ǳ´ˮļңô
㱱ЦЦҲ֪Ǵ˵ҵûˡ԰ѷӽס
Ϲ˵ǣ桭
㱱һԴЦ˼ŵɩˡо߸ʬҷģʱڱߵɽУҵġ


һ 㱱
һ㶣û뵽ʬȻ㱱ҵģġ
ʵ֪ҵء
㱱濴˿˵ڱƬïܵɽСϵġҾͰժˡ
㱱ɿ˿ң˵˼¬˵ҲͬУҶڤ˽Ĳࡣʬġ
˵Ҳµ߰˷֡ЦЦ˵ϾûʬһУǽЩġ֪ʬ׬𣿡
㱱ɵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵˵ҲԣҲԡڹʬȷʵϾաҲʲô˵ҵֻ֮ǰϾŵ˾¡ԲϵʬˡȷʵǳϾšֻһµأ˽ʬֵܻЩסǾ߽ʬҲû£ǻ֮һˣ棬ڤ֮󣬿۲ǺܸߣҿģȻ⣬˵⽩ʬ顣û뵽Ǹһȴܸˣ˵ҿ԰ǽʬ˹ԸҸǮǼǮɱǴŪеڤһ𣬻Ҫ߳屶һҲܶҧҧİǽʬŪˡҲ潲ãʬǮ˵ԺƷõĹʬڤǸҵŪʬְ֮ҲŪڤˡ֪̫࣬ŪʮҾſգڤûˡһǶʬ塣ҵõʬ壬ʵЩڤֵǮˡ
㱱˵緢ЩƱǰһٵˣȻޱ
ҸЦװһ̰˵û뵽Ҳһ֮·
˵ſ˿Ǿ߸ʬʵ֪һʬֵǮأ
㱱ɿ˿ʬ˵˵ʵ߸ʬҲֵ֪ǮӣҲ̫áⲻ§ݴӣ˳ŪģˮǸֵǮء
ҵ˵ͷ˵治˼ҸյˮҵʱΪˮڼңͽˡ˾ʬ塣Ҳ֪¹صĲǺںⶫֻ֣Ϊʲôлһʱ͸һ㿴ʬģĶǲҩ
㱱ҵĻһ㶣ģҵ˵ͷ
㱱ߵ˸ʬǰҵҸĿӣ濴˿˵üͷֻˡ
˿˵¬ȻмҡʬȷʵġĲҩһʶ⻹Ҫֽһ
Ұ˰֣Ҳңֽ̡Ĳҩһ֪ӦֲҩһؾǡյơһǡѲݡ
㱱һ㶣˵¬ȻǸˣֲҩҿ˵ģûݴ˵вҩڲر֮أǵ걽ͽʩֹƶʹõĶֻҪֲݵĲѣŵʩ˵ʳˮУ˾ͻıɸʬŪɵĸʬֱһҩƺܶĲ˵׹ʧˣֲҩҲûˡ֪¬ô֪أ
Һ㱱ɻɣҳɣſ˵ʵҲоЩ֮ǰһͬຣĹĹҵһرǶϲЩҾ͸չˣûµʱоһ¡ֲĻͼ˵ֲһһ˵ζҾͼˡʵҲѰֶ֪ǲġ
㱱ɳĬ˰Σ˵ô˵⸽иˡҿҪݷһˡĴ˵иʲô˵Ǻˮ˿ۡǿ顣ȻǺţǺ뿴ô֪¬ûȤ
ûֱӻشʵ˵ĴΪʲôһû
㱱ҡҡͷһ˵ʲôɽбǰһﶼɽˣҲû
һüͷɽбȥ𣿡
㱱ɺһЩɽҰ򣬼ʲô޷ǾʲôĹѾˣһдĹҲǸ˵ˣ˷գǼʲôбû˾ˣαɽðաţ¬ôѵҲǱʲôģ
ҸϽ˵ҵӣϼҾǰݴ塣ĸǻɨĹġڴ˴ˣ˵ǱߵĴҲ˵ɽбɽˡҲ׷
㱱ɿ˿ңЦЦԭˡҲԵ֡¬ĸˣҡҲˣǲ͵ȡģŪʳϢһҲɽһǿЩʲôҲ÷⡮塯ǲиʬ
ҿ˿ɫһ˵ֻõ˵ͷǾȫˡ
㱱ɰͽȥҲǿģͣһŷǱߡǸͽѾҵ˴ףǸǧˮŵ档˳ҲǾ߸ʬҲǵĳϡ˵ҵĳڴ⣬ͽܰҵĳҲ˽Ժӡ
Ϲͷͷԡ㱱һƿ׾ƣʼƱյ
ھ¶ǣЩ⡣
㱱ɿ˿˵¬һͲǸˣġٺ٣ʶ㣬ҵҫ
ҡҡͷǸˣȻһôꡣ
㱱ЦЦ˿ˣͽܶȥŪˣĵ˵ʲô꣬ǲƭƭЩͽܵġǳ겻ģԤ⵽ǳꡣ
һ㶣ǰɣ̫ˣ˵ͣͣ棬ôأ
㱱Ʋֺ˵ɾͺͷˮйˡ
ҵ˵ͷԸ꣡
㱱۾˵Ǹˮλʬأʢɽӡǰеġλˮɽߣˮ᲻ɢһᶨʱһꡣǾǡΪеˮλΪˮ֮λˮءȻôǧˮȻҲһˮĶˮ֮˵ѪǧˮᵽŹζܵˡ
ҵ˵ͷ㱱ɡ
㱱ɿҾ񣬱˵ʲôáһھƣ˵ľʵʱ⡣ұҪⳡǧˮĳʱһֱֻҪ꿪ʼˣҲǸʱˮͿеˮͻغϣͻһ꣬ҲԽⳡ꣬ȥѰҵնҾͿԼҵġղʬһٰܻ񡣡
ҵ˵ͷû뵽ôۣ㱱Ҳǻ˺ܶ˼߻µġҪץסǧˮȷʵףˮУǲеġ
ѹʵʵ֮ǰɼһǧˮÿһģһǧˮǲʲôϵ
㱱ɷ¾ƱĿ˿ңʵģ
Ҹҿĵص㣬û˵
㱱ֿ˿ңĪЦЦ¬ʶǮǮϰ壿


һһ ɽ
ҵ˵ͷô˵Ҳ֪ǮϰǾˮˡѲɣǧˮҲ
㱱ɹЦǮϰҵһҡҳֺܴ󷽡֮ǰǾǧˮȷʵҵġǾԼٹһ̶ҵġ
ٹǹԶġӦǳкˮ֮ĵطʵôҵǸǧˮأ
㱱ӣ˵Ҳһշ磬˵иˮ̶̶ˮ֪̶㣬ҳ̶ʧ١ҾͲµ̶ˮйŹ֡ҾץǸǧˮ
Ȼ㱱ûˮôץģǹһҲס
㱱ɺ˿ھƣ˵ʱѾʶǮϰˡǮϰǸǧˮϲ˵õгϣǮˮⶫ˵٣˵ʵˡһӣǮϰҵң˵ڵص־ᵽŮӣһǧǰ顣һ塣ֱʮ꣬˳쳣ǲֿܷһֱΪһ죬һηĺе֪ʲôȻŮֿˡŮļ˶ܸˡʱ䣬ҲϴˡŮ˵ȥӱȥϴͷ磬ϴˮУˮȥûͨ϶Ҳϴȥˡ֮û˼ǵʬ塣ԹˮɽػϮغӵĴ񡣺ûа취ʿʿҲˮֻܰǷֿϽˮ̶취̶סˮܳˮиԷֿ֮ˮץ֮Ҳ١֮ǺˡǮϰҲͨˣȻҵ˵ʱ־˵ץĺܿеһ˵öɣһģһҵһһȵһҪֵǮܶ౶ҾѰңʼʱҲǲ䷨뵽ĵʿûаˮˮˮϣɼˮʵͬһˮ֮СǸСˮ̶һֱѰˮѰû뵽ҵˡ
㱱ɣҵˮͬеǿھˮǺͨأǲأ뵽ʵҺ
㱱ɿ˿ң˵ͷ˵¬˵޷
ʵôѰˮأ
㱱ЦЦʶˡѰˮ൱ѵһ¡ɽơ˵ţӿڴóһϺӣһɫ״塣
㱱˵ġʬ
һΪⶫû˵㱱ɿҵӣ֪û˵ЦЦ˵ʵһĽʬҪһ󣬾ʮƲŻɡԶʳҵٻҲ֪ԣˮõġ
Ұ棬û뵽ĶáЦЦ񼣻Ƕడİ֣°빦ˮԴͷ𣿡
㱱ҡҡͷȻǣܸеˮԴͷҪ򱱣ɽ档Ĵ̽ˡǺĪǺ𣬺ʹЩǮи˸ңǱиҲԴͷǺСǶ֪Ǳߵ·ҪץǧˮԾ͵ˡ
üͷٿԿ϶⡰ˮͨˮͬˮǲҲͨأ
룬㱱˵֪ȥûȥǮϰļң
㱱ɵ˵ͷȥһΡȥġǸҵġʬȥġ
һ۾ǲҵˮͬһھУ
㱱ɿ˿ңû뵽¬Ҳоˮϵ
Ҳ˼İ˰֣˵ҲΪоǧˮſʼоˮϵġڶץˣҹһӿǮϰ￴ˡ
㱱ЦЦʵһֱƣΪʲô㿴Ǹǧˮʱһ㶼ȣԭҲְоǺǡ
ʱЩͽǰѲ˷ŪˣȻֻǾ͵ȡģȴҲЩҰҰȤ
ΧһЩͽܺܿس˷ԺӵС
ʣҺ㱱ɻϹ
Щ֣Щͽܶܡ
㱱ɺһĶǵѪ⣬ҪûеϣôסЩһùǣǸġ˵ʵҿ¬ҲǶЩģûɡ
֪ôأ˵Уٻǻ¶һЩšֻЦЦȷʵһЩֻЩƤëʵǲֵһᣬҲֻڵµصʱ򣬱ԼһЩ졣
ϷЦЦҾ˵¬ǷˣֻϧǮϰûҵ
Ӽ浽㱱ѾʾεҿԸоõ
Ǻϵģ˵ʵҲ㱱ҲȻҵҲҹάһǾúͲٻϡ
㱱ɷ˾Ʊ˵Ǿ˵ˣһɽ¬Ǿ˯ǸɡҺͽǾϢɡ
ʵģҲ֪ЩǴѧġҲãҪ˵˺¶
ֻվ˵ã˵ˣϢȥˡ
Ϲ˸ڵķ䡣˷š
Ϲ˵ϰ壬ʲô·ӣеа
ҡҡͷʾϹСҵ˵СǽжǸʲôģʵҪҪǲҪȥ塯
Ϲңָָң˼ҵġ
ʵҲìܣɽһģҪҵݵĴǣǻãҪҲô죿
㱱ȻǸ֣֪һ塯᲻ҺִܿͷʦܶȥҲûֵʲôýϴȫˣʵˣҡͷ˳ޡҪȥ²ô׳ˡ
ҿ˿ϹСϹС˵û⣬ﶼȥÿҡ
ٿſڵϵġͷһνӡҾ㱱һɽҪĿҵǸطҲ⣬Ҿͺȥϣ
ҶϹ˵Ϣɣ¡˯ǱߣҲ˯
Ϲ˵ͷɵ˿һˣһ˾ȵغ
Ҳ˿һˣҵ֮
һƬֻв֪ĳšһ˹Щ顣
кìܣʱѾҹʱˣͻȻ洫һ
ᣬʼʱǵ˺ˣһŮڳ衣


һ ҹ뽩
һ㶣ô˾ȻŮڳ裬ȻԾҵһ뵽ǸǧˮΪ߻ں˯Ϲ֮⡣ֻһŮ˵塣
˿ͷҲ̧ͷҡҵԡͷ˵𶯣ﱣϹȥ
ͷûܿš
ŵ棬Ҳ㱱ɡǶһۡ㱱˵Ҳˣ
ҵ˵ͷŮڳ衣
㱱ɺһǸǧˮ֡Сĵ㡣һԺ档
װǧˮĴˮ׾Ժǧˮ档ˮ׺ܴǿǧˮԼԼǴ洫ġ
㱱ɽ²ֵĲҸе˼ϸȻǱǵλáҲŷֹǧˮͻȻ
Ҹں棬һֱˮ׵ıϣҺ㱱濴ۣˮˮƯͷƺûʲôرֺûˡ
㱱ɿһ֮󣬵ͺһԣžȥ
ȻûӦҲȥʵôˣ
㱱ɽеǧˮˡ
һȻΪ֮ǰǧˮǱסġǸղǾȻͷǧˮһˡ
û䣬ɫĺһĶˮз˳Ǿ
ҹ̫ڣһĶҲǺɫģҺ㱱ɶûע⡣
ǷˣǶѾǰ㿪Ѿˡ
һӾͱסˡʱҲſǾȻͷǧˮͷ
ǵͷֵܴһɣԡս
ͷһԽԽǵ嶼סˡжвкͷ
һϢоʹϡаá
ͷԽԽҸеʹؿڼƣͷҪϵˡŴԾһƬհס޷ֻеϵ·ΪͷսȻ˺ˡ
Ϊαˡԭ͹һû뵽ǧˮͷǲֵá
ͻȻҷ֣תΪϢˡԲúˣһӲеˡҲ֮ġϻǾʹ̡
ͻȻҵϷ˽⡣ҵͷһӲˡ
һӸеˡϵʹˣǻǻ
Ҷ˶񣬲ſҵ·˺ˡ¶Լķ䡣
֮ǰǸıİ취ֻؼʱ̲õġû뵽ôˡ
ҲǾһٿ㱱ɣɫĴӡŤţûʲôЧ
Ҳ룬Ͻ˹ȥϵķ䣬һͷͷ̵һһ˽ˮס
ͷһʧ¶㱱ɡһﾹȻʲô¶ûСֻǿһۣһΣл˼¡һˮױϡ֣㵽ˮ׵С
ˮ׵һ죬ǧˮȻ˳˰С
ҹУһһϮµĳŮڰƮǾʮֵĹ졣
ҾȵĿһĻֻ㱱ָǧˮյֻ˻Ρһзɳ
һֱɵǧˮĽϡסǧˮ㡣ſһɫӡ
ͬʱǧˮҲصˮ׵Сǧˮͷ¶ˮ׵档ͷǸʱ
ղŵʹڣͷһ¡
㱱ɽ̤ǣתָٴλӳһ˹ȥһӲסǧˮͷͲӣҷźԽԽǧˮԭֱ˫ֻ֣ջأץסӡȴ
㱱źһ˵ǧˮͦȻҵġڸʬֿԡ
ҿǧˮһܵӡԭҲŤв̣˵ɲøõİ취ܡ
㱱ЦЦ¬ǸĳˣҲãʡŪ˿Ʒ໵ˣӰֵ
˵㱱ߵǧˮߣˮ˼¡ȵ˵԰ҵġȥˣôˣ
˵᲻ˣ˦ûˣ
㱱ܿ˿Ժտյģֺܴ󣬸ûСӰӡ
㱱üͷ˵е㲻Ծ˵ѡڲˣûˡǲǺ𣿡
ҿ˿Ժӣ˵˼˵ʲôѡˣ
㱱ɿ˿ңص˵ͷ˵һطԺǽϣܿ˿صߣҡҡͷӦѾˡߣ֪ʲôôɶ񡣡
㱱ߵˮױϣһӣǰǧˮӵĺһɿˣְǧˮͷֻϡǧˮôˡ
㱱ҵһ׸ǡ˸ϡó˸īڸϵ˸Ź񡱲˵ͺˣӦòˡ
ҿ㱱æһУʵô󶯾ͽôûгأ
㱱ɿ˿˵ǶЩӹֻ֣ЩֻֻǸ֣ǿ
û㱱ɵ˼ƵĿ㱱ɡ㱱ЦЦ˵ǧˮĸԻԵģԽԽ˯Щ˯ŵģ͸ˡǶȻߡҶûʲôõģҲûʲôá
ҵ˵ͷ㱱ɿ˿ʵôͷģ
˵ߵҵߣ˿ҵϡϵ·Ѿ˺ˡ¶滭ϵķ䡣㱱ɿһ˵ȻǸ֣¬˭㻭ģ
Ҳ˵ʵֻ˸ѣ˵ҽɽǰһʦһġ˵ǹؼʱ̿Աû뵽ˡ
㱱п˿˵ҾͲửǳɽԸҽһʦ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ͷаȳɽҽ̸Ρ
һͨڣѾ΢ˡҲû˯⡣Ժӵʯϡ
ҵһ֧̣㱱ɲ̡˵ʵұ絽졣Ҿ֣һ߶߶ġּΪ̰ơʶҵˣǰ𣿡
˵ҵ˽г´ˮҺֻʶҲǺ졣ϴʱ򣬾סġ𡭡˳ϺھϱͷһڿڳԵӡǾ˵ˡ
㱱ɿ˵¬֪Щʲôɡôֹӣ
ҿЦҡҡͷʵҲ֪ʲôֻҲֵֹġҲ֪ЩǶͷûβ顣һȰȰǱҡ塯ǸطˡѾǧˮȥϴǮˡǸطȥȥνˡ
㱱ɿ˿ңŶȻ֪¬ʲô˼Ҳ֪Ǻ⡣˵ʵҶʬķʽܸȤҾһʲô˵һǺȥġȰң֪ȥȥأ


һ 
ҡҡͷǲȥģǸطҲǺܺҡֻɽ棬ҵЩΪҵѡҪܹҵǣϾͳǣҲ
ҳһ£ҡҡͷʵѾоˣĻǸѾڰˡʮа˾Ҳģ»Ҫȥ塱
Ҳˡ㱱˵ɣ¬һʣҲԵ֡һɽҵҪҵˣǾͻҪȥǾһȥһȫƾ⣬㿴Σ
֪˵ǡ塱ôΣգôĿ£㱱Ըָ߰ԸһҪȥġڻѾ˵ˡҲֻȫƾˣٿ㱱֣Ҳûʲô£Сͷء
ҵ˵ͷãƾɣ
ʱһһϼߡϹ߳㱱棬ſ˵ϡʶԣӦǰѡ塱ָĳˡ֡
Ϲôôˣ˵ţ߷ɹһ˿ΡЦЦǲһֱû˯ǧˮڡֱʰˡ
㱱ɿ˿ңֿ˿Ϲ˵¬Ƕм飬˵ǽǳ̫á
֪㱱һֿʲô˵˵޷Ҳͬսˣʲô˵ġ
㱱ɵ˵ͷ˵ҾͲˡҹ˵ɫе㲻Ծ֮ǰǲǱʩʤ֮
Ҳ㱱˵ͷлùķˡǸʩҲˡ
㱱ҡҡͷҾ˵¬Ǹ֮ˣһ㣬ͷŹˡ˿ûзŹӡֻһ֡ͬ
һ㶣׷ʵʲôͬ
㱱˵ͬһаķֽżñ˵֣߷żϡȻ̳żżôʩ˾ͻôڱʩ˱ʩ߿ˡ
ҵ˵ͷϹСõΪӦþǱ˿ˡʲôͬ
㱱ɼ˵ַʵȱ¡Ҫ˵ʤֻ֮Ǻһˡ֡ͬǿԺ˵ġ
ȷʵϹˣɱˣҲӷɵƲã;죬˵ʲôа˭أǹġ
ϹҲһһ¡ûʲô顣
㱱ЦЦҲõġазɵġ֪һЩ취֤ʩ֮˹ǿͷϴ
Ϲ˵ǾæɡҲһߣͣصͷ
㱱ҵЩݣֻǼ£һСˡҪϹһͷϵ˵ϡ˵֮֮ҾͿԿżڷɣżͿԿҲҿԿ
˵ָһȻǸżͷһ㡣żȻվʯϡָżͷϻȦżȻʯת
㱱ɺٺٵЦЦˣǸһҪùˡ˵ŴӿڴóһСӣСӣָٳһɫķĩż档
ƵĿһУڿһľż硣ȴһĸо
ż΢Ļζ˼£Ȼʯϡ
㱱ٴλζָżϻ˼ȦһżȻ˻Ƭ̼仯Ϊҽ
㱱ɿ˿Ѿ˵ҺϹ˵ɩӵġͬѾˡǸһжˡ˵óһСƿݸң˵ǽҩǸһ˶һҪҩġô㿴Űɡ
ľȻĽӹҩаķ̫ˣҪҲס
㱱ɿ˵Ǻǣǲͨż¶ģʩţҷˡͿ¶ˡҪûнҩһͻȫö
Ҷ㱱˵ʵ̫ллˣ
㱱ɹһ£㲻ʲôѡⶼӦġ߰ɡȥԷɡǰﱿѾ緹˰ɡ
ǽݣЩͽܹȻѾ緹һͽһͷڶͷͷͲ
Ǹͽܵļ˵Ǻǣǳصģùͷˡ
ǸͽܲؿңϹһͷˡͷͷ
˶ܾȣЦЦˣԷɡ
Թ˷ʰЩֻ˼·һ￴ܶͳˡִӾڱߵɽΪ뿴ʱǱ߷ڵĺɫʲôһҹѾɺԣ滹ӲġͻġҲǺܳ졣
һСĵţһ߿ŵ档ڰɽʱҲŷֵµкɫĶҶڵϣǿĺɫĶࡣץһɫĶšһѪζҵıǻһѪڴпѪɽѪǵжѪ
㱱ɴսʵôˣ¬
˵꣬濴ɽкʱûа취ɽڿЩѪ
㱱üͷɽ˵֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷɽȥ
ԽߣɽԽһȽϹͺɽ¡ˮڣߡҪʱһϹҲῴѪ
ǻݹ˰ɽһ̨ء̨ԭһڴ󣬿ԿܶǴﻬȥġ̨ص棬Ǹ߸ߵ֡
һϵ̨ϣͿкˡҴؽеݵ𣿡
˸شһǱȥ֪ʹˡ
Һܿ˵ߣſһˡ֮վΪߵ֦š
˺ۣӦǵˡڱһ֦Ҳվԭ
ĴģӦ⸽Ĵֻǲ֪Ǳͷģݵġ
ʱ㱱ҲˡǸ㱱ɵûʲôȤʵ¬ղõʲôÿ찡
ЦЦûʲôҸǸʦѧģǵƤë
㱱ɵ˵ͷҸʶλʦˡ
ûٽӻ磬ǸˡȻǱɱģ֮ǰһйҵĲһ˵Ѫôࡣ
ѵиˡ߽ɽȥ
һ·ûʲô֡һֱɽɽһ޴ʯͷƽġ
ھʯ棬ȻŶʮˡ
ʮˡʮѾɿ˵ˡǵѪŸɾˣͻ۾͡¶ݡƤţѹͷ档
һһ㱻ɹûһǶɵˡ
ʬ㱱Ҳ⡣ŵĿǰһС
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Һݺݵ˵ѪЩ˵ģ˽ŴĻڷѪɽϷѪ
˵Ҷһʬıϣϸز쿴šʬû˿ڣһûСļ˶ĵطȻû˿ڡҺƣѪôųģ
վߵ㱱ƺҲ¡˵Щ˵ѪǱ˷ųġ
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㱱ָָЩ˵ͷ˵ǵͷ
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ͽܣżԸȴҲû˵ʲôҵаԿ̾Щ治ǺöҪ롣
㱱ɻ˻֣һɽȥ
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һֱɽϣֻҪɽ沢Ӧǡ
վɽϣ¿ȥɽУʲôֻкƲ㣬š
ɽĺβߣôƲأ


һ ɽ
㱱е˷ܣЦ˵Ȼӿ¬ǿҪСİ
ҿ˿ߵġͷͷҲ˷ܣӾҪɽˡ
ҸϽ壬סˡͷС˵ɱҽУǵġҪʱ򣬱С
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̨Ҳ˲ݡĲݲɫī̽ӽںɫġ
Ҷۣһͽ˵ʦЪһɣ
㱱üͷ˵㿴ĲݶīɫģȻ˹ģĹôأǲϢ
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ٿϹҲ۵ùǺҶ㱱˵ЪЪɣﶼܲˣﻹˬЪһ°ɣ
㱱ɿ˿ļˣڵ˵ͷǼͽҲ˿ɽµĵطڵĴϢš
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㱱ҡҡͷʱСʱҲͺˡߣҲѡҲûҵҪҵˡҲûҵ뿴Ķ
֪㱱ɺǹִҲȰȥ뷨̡ϹùһЩԵģЩͽҲһЩһϢһ߳š
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벻סϢһɽȥûһԽԽˡ
ߵɽ档СϪıϡѾҪ͸ˡǾϪӪ
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ˣ˿ǲʲôö͵˸áû˵ʲôֻǿ˿㱱ɡ
㱱ת˼Ȧֿ˿ܡصԭλ˵Ҳ׷ˣȥɡ
ҵ˵ͷȥɡ
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СϪȥҼǵãǱ߾ǡķ
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ֻ۾ĴƺʲôµĶ
ѵһǱģ


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־ò̫ܣЩ˾ĹץʬʲôЩ£
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㱱ɺһȡ߰ɡ
Ҫߣ̧ͷֿһǿʯͷͻȻִʯͷ֡ƺǸոտȥģûͿᣬһ۾ͿΪղעǸʬϣԴˡ
֡塱ֲûп꣬ʡ
һ㶣һ£ϴ塱ʱڴͷҲһʯͷš塱֡ǿʯͷǺʯͷ񣬿˭ֻأ
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ڷ㱱Ҳ˿ʯͷҲ֣ЦЦ˵Ǻǣû뵽ôҵ塯ˡǽȥɣ
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·ƽƺһֱݡϴʱҲǴྶͥϴεʱ·Ұݡ
ƵһΣǰ˷ݡ
һ㶣ԶԶؾͿԿһŵķݡǶС¥һĺԺӡһԺӰһԺӵġ
ҿ˿ϹϹҲڿЩԺӡƺҲûʲôڿҡҡͷúܵ͵˵԰ӵġ
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Щӷ˺ܶķĩǸͽһҡ֣һĶ˾ˡȻۼ
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ԽԽòԾҲ˵ϴβһڿĶҲʵ̫ˡ̫ˡ
ν̫ˣĶǸոŪõһỹ⣬ͭʵŻҲµġ
̫ǣЩڵǲŪã޽ξ㣬ŻӡѵҪŪξ㣿
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ʱһԺűˣ߳һͷŶԽĹӣҲԲڵĲЬֱǸӵġ
ӵһͷЦվóһӣŵ˵ϡ˵ϣүӡǹͷ
һǰϵķ˵ͷҪٹιΣҲҪٹιΡպãҾ͵ء
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Ϸɵ˵ЩԩǰԹѽ
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㱱ҧҧߵһǰȥǲ룬ȴ˸ա˲㵹ˣźǷҲ֮ˡ
ԭЩҲǼ
ʱ򣬽ͷٵЩǻɢӡǶ֡վһ߿Щܡ
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Щһֱ嵽˽βסͷЩû˵ϣʼǹʲô˶Ź
ȻҲ֪Щ֣ǻ̲סߡ
Ϲͱ۾˵ʵǰЩʵ̫гˡȵӰϵĻҪѪȣɱȻˣһô࣬һǵһμԺҲûʲôῴĳˡ
ᵽϵѪ
Щ˿Цţܿˡ֪ȥֻʣ⵽ʬĴӡ
㱱˵ЩԩᡣҪǿЩҪ֪Щ顣
˵Ҫ֪Ҳûʲôá㿴ЩͽõĶϻǹȻڵ飬ҲܸǱ𰡣
㱱˵ΪʲôҲ֪һǵ⡣ҿǻǰЩưɣҲǹܵġ
ҵ˵ͷȷʵ˺ܲһߵţǷӾͲˡҲжЩһƣ󽥽ʧ


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˲ɵýгˮһž͸еһˮûˡ
ˮҲ£СˮԾͲȻƲǡһˮͲҡ
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Ҳ˿ؼʱ̣ǡͷҡΪʲôһǿԱѣȴԻأ
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ǵ˵ͷˮããģ֪δǰһʱҲ֪߲źá
㱱üͷ˵ǡ
ʵҲôģǲû֤ݡҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱˵ҵġʬ档ǸߣͿԵﰶߡ
㱱ɱ۾зֵƬ̣ˮϳһɫĸɱС㣬Сεĺܿ졣ǸϽС㡣
ʼһе㵣ϹǿˮУͺһһҷĲ١
㱱εҵߣʵ¬֪ղûʲôоҺ˹У֮Ȼе㲻ѡҳȥʱһܴ󣬿ֲУҾһˡ
ҵȻ֪ǡͷһǲѡͷֻЦЦôһģͲ֪ˡ
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żҲһоȻĹǡʬڿпٵߣβͲϵɿߣȻڿз
ǺĴ죬ҲԾˮ棬ĺǴͷͷ۾м۾гȭͷСߵ۾ָֻ״СǸͷǸһͷ
ȴߣһ㣬Ӧúܴ󣬿ǱġƺܾûгԶӡ
šʬԾ𣬿ɣȻԾĺܸߣվûиϡʬĸ߶ȣһţݺݵҧ˿մ忪ʼˮϣȥ
ǹżڿкϲ޴ǵĶһͽܶ˵ƴ򰶱ȥǡͷȴҪǴȥ
һסˡͷ˵Ҫܣеʱ䡣
ȥǡʬɳԶҲˮУˡǸеˮһ𶯣һǿˮˮУǾЩѾҪϰͽܣֱ˻
ͬʱֻˮͷֻ۾ǳ˹
Ұвãһﲻԡʬˡ
㱱ɿĬˮһָˮͻȻһըסǹߣǹҲΪ֮һ٣ƺڿǣҪҪǡ
ͻȻˮеĴŤˮʹŤӺʹࡣ
ϸĿ˿ߣкܶİɫС㡣Щʬ֪ʲôʱ򣬡ʬ˼ڹߣΧסˣҷ˽
ЩʬȻͷ󣬿ҲųҧϣҲһ顣ǡʬһҧϣͲɿڣȻѪǹȻܲˡ
㱱ɺƣ˵ʲôʱôġʬֻ˲ʮ
һ㶣һΪЩģҲֻʮǻŸʲôභǸϽϰ˵ɡ
һ㱱ɣ˵ߣˮУɾ
㱱Żعң򰶱ȥһֱ˰ٻͷˮֻкܶѪˮɢʬֻˡ
ƣǹԶˮ˳Ծˮ棬ȻźԶǿԿϣǺɫС㡣Щʬ治ˡ
㱱̾Щʬˡζʲô¡ҿֻ׶༪١
ҵе棬ǹﵽʲôʵ֪ǹʲô
㱱˵û˵Ĺֻֻۣۣǵġֶ֡һ㶼ཻ֮ѵ⡮紫˵˵ģཻ֮أ
㱱ɵȻЩ˷ܡһֱѰĵط
Ȼ֪⡰˵ĵطһǲ˵ȻҶ㱱˸оԡʼŪҪʲôĻ˵˼ǹҪҵطġҲɽҲһġطʲôأ
ֻ֡Ծˮ漸Σټˣ׶༪ˡ
㱱ٻʬȴҲûСʬˡҲʧˡ㱱ֵۣ̾˿
ҿ˿У滹ǿ죬ҲΧɽֻв̫Ĺ͸
˰Ҳŷ֣ҴĺܶණʪˡҵֻҲˮ
㱱ɴߴټͽܣЩһѻȻܣǸоǻûʲô¶ȡƺȡ
㱱˵̫أŻû취
վںߣź棬Щƣ֪ΪʲôڽβôͻȻС
㱱ƺҵ뷨˵ղǿЩ˵һ֣ռ䡯ЩԩġǺԹ޳ǲֻ꣬ܰǰ飬ǿǸղűţûеУǡռ䡯һˣȫޣȻˮСǵˮУȻͻ֡ûСʬǿҲ׶༪١ֻΪʲôôġʬЩȴ֪ȥˡ
˵̾һ
ҸϽοҵͬ飬һȥˡˣʵҪһЩˡ֤ǧˮǿھˮͬǿھԴͷǣˡ֡ҲǹԲˡ


һ ҵ
㱱̾˿û˵ʲôҿѣô·˰ɡ
ܿԶԿߵķӡӦϴοС¥ܼܵȲǺܸߡֻԼԼĿš
ָָǱߵĶ㱱˵Ǳ߲ĴӣֶС¥С¥Ķ㣬иʬ
㱱ɵ˵ͷǱȥʱ߽˴ӡ
㱱һ¥ϣƿšȻķϵ߸ʬ
㱱ְ˰óһСڸʬһСڡ洫ǹֵζ
㱱ɵ˵ͷĶģҵ˵ͷ
¥ĴĿţҵ
ϴࡣûʲô
ͻȻҷһС¥ûһӰҸϽ׷ȥ
Ƕ¥£ֻ¥µһľͷϣһɫ·ӭƮšҿ˿Ǽ·а߰ߵѪȱһ飬·ɽ̨ؿӦһ
ҵ־֪ôˣǲΣˣ
Ұ·ϸĿ˿˺ƵģմѪĵطġǱˡ
Ҷ㱱˵¥鿴ЩʬɡȥѰҵѣһ档
㱱룬˵ͷǸԷֿ
ûа취޼Ѱֻð·õˡͷǰ˵ôҲһӡҲйҲ˵ŰɣҲҵϸ硣ϾҲ㡣
ͷս·šһǰȥҺϹĸϡ
һֱܵһС¥ľͷǱߵĻĲݴԵıϡͷͣŻĲݴԡ
ҸϽ˽ȥֻһˡѪ۳
һϽ˹ȥϸһǸ˲Ҳ˿ٿǸˣѾˡȫ˿ڣѪӡֻҲѪָлкܶ˿
ҸӾȣϵ˿ڣԼץġ
ô˵˾ȻǱԼץġ
ʱϹ͡ͷҲ˽Ϲʬ壬ֻһ˵ڵĳ֪֮ǰ˶ٱ
Ϲ˿ңʵϸ𣿡
ҡҡͷǡĺ֡
ϹЦһǼǸĲ֣
̾˿ҲԣǺֵĵطЩ˶ĺֵ֣ǣҲǵ򡣾ǰʬ壬һôԼץʵġ
˳˻ĲݴԣҲӵ··Ҳġ
ŻĲݴӵһȥһֱߵ˴Ӻ棬һС¥
ͻȻͷԭشһ£ֱ֮һС¥ȥҺϹϽϣһֱС¥ǰͷһͷײ˴šܽԺӡ
Ǹȥǰͷײˡְ洫һӵĳζⷢζ
űӣӣһƬšֵ磬Ųͷһֱ˶¥ԭӦ÷Ÿʬķ棬ȴˡǳζǴ洫ȥġ
ҸϽܹȥ˿мŵģȻһˣıϢѾʱʱˡҸϽ⿪ϵİŵӡ
һɿ˿ϡҶϹ˵ιˮҿˡ
ȥѾˣеһѾʼˡĶʬ巢ˡ
ϹΪˮǶ˶ǻûѡұȥ
һֱ˷ӣ档Ҳҵһʯͷŵ档У󻢿ڵģòײŰŪˡ
۾˿ҡðβſ˳զҲˣֵܡҲˣǸˡ
ÿЦáһ󣬲˵㻹ûϸ硣Ҹû壬ġ⵽ôˣ
еϡͿģ˵Ҷҿʡ
ϹϽϴŵĳԵĺͺȵԴֻһ߿ţʱ㡣
Աˣˡ˸ã˴ʯͷ˵ٺ٣ûʲô¡ҹһأ
ҿεҡҡͷҵ˼
ʯͷϣʵô£
ס˿˵ԺǶǽǺöɽѰҡԭĵطûҵ·ѰңȻǵľͻҵһǾһֱߣȻߵ˱ͷ塣ûҽ壬ڴɽңҲҵһǺɽ˱ͷĴǰסˣǵ˵ЩǴӵģҪǵĽǾʹǱ˻ȥţܿ˺ܶˡǰϱ߻ش·ˣֻɽܡǻһˡ
Ҳ˵ǲڰɽǸ˻վŵģ
˵ͷôֵ֪ܣ
̾˿ǹʱ򣬿ġǱģǱ֦ġվﲻ
ᣬ˵ʱҲһȥֻƴܡһֱɽɽǻǾòȫһɽɽϣ濴˿ȻһԲεĴŶŻˣǾǴ˵еġȻʱǴģǻǸоɭɭġǼϼһ£·شȥˣȥͷ
ҵ˵ͷǻȥˣΪʲôأ
̾˿Ϊ̰ɽʱַһһ˾ʲôˡһ·ɽһ·񵽽һ·šķ򡣵ǷѾںߵʱ򣬲¡ûɽܡǲ֪Ϊʲôϲɽʱ˲ʮӵ·СʱҲûܵͷֻǶ۵ſˡ
Ұ̾ϢЩҲ̫̰ǷЩ𣬿²ġ
ֻصǸʱҵĲţ˵ͺˡҲܲˣǶ˯ˡ֪˶ٳʱ䣬ڽǵ֣ʼô˴ҶŻˡô֪ǵ֣ǸϽĴңʲôûҵƵʱͻȻǰƮʮɫĶڰƮţŻˣҲһǹꡣǶ˵Ҫǿߣߡѽˣߡ
֪Щһǡ塱Щ꣬ǵΪҲǺ⡣ֻǲЩ뵽档棬Щʲô
˵һȣϸ磬мǲˣ


һ ̰
˵𾢣ͻȻˣ㶵Ŀʵʲô£ʲôˣϹҲڿңƺҲѶ⡣
ûż˵ó̡ݸһǳ̣Ҳƽ˲١
˵ϸ磬ˣǸһ𣿡
Դ˵ȷʵʺһģڰ·ҵʱһǹĹĵط˼£ֻڳŻֽ̳ӣǾеаͲˣǸ֣Ҫڿ֪ʲôҧһ£첲ˡûа취ֻش壬ٽϼ˸һȥҽˣ㿴𣿡
ҿ˿Ҳ֪ܲܳĴ˵Ҳߵˣɽˣֻʣһǿڴˡ
ң˵˵ɶҲҲˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ԣˣ˽ʬǸˡڱͷҵһˣǴ֦ϵǸɽɽǲиʯͷƽ
ͷ˵ԣƽ
Ҽ˵жʮʬ壬Ѿɹˡ
һβ˵ǵ˶ҽ档ЩһǱͷġˣǰɡ
Ҷ˵Ҳкü˵Ҿġ֮飬˵˵ôҲҪȥ
˵ͷ˵Щ꣬ǰѽ˿ߡǶ᲻ãЩҲܰôҲͲٺˡһЩҲϰǵ˵Ͳ֪ȥˡϢһҲˣȥҲӱĵطԳȥҾȥǲ̫ˣֻԶԶؿǿֲôǺˮ峺ĺܣԶɭɭġϴˮҲûˣڸɵúܡӾ˵ȥߴˮǶСġܵ˺ߣհˮŽˮУͻȻˮгһԴǸϽСġӸûпһβʹˮУһӰӴķֱɵ˺УǸŴԴļһԾ˺档һھͳԵ˰еӡĿǼһﳤú㣬ֻ۾
ҵ˵ͷǸһǡ֡ӱ֡ԵˡȻȥˡϻϣҲûпˮⶫѵģֻڰʱ򣬲С
Ҫһ֧̣ڼ˵ŻˣǸ̫ˡ˭Ҳڿˡܣһֱܵ档һ˶ûУ}˵úܣȴкܶİɫӣǣ֪ʲô
˵ܿ˿˵ףôûжˣ
˵ʱҲˣܶࡣЩԩûġ
һֲá˨ӾöģȥЩӣЩҲ֪Ϊʲôô࣬ǲǲȲţǲȲһȰ˨ӡûȥɶ˨ӾǲһҪȥЩӡЩһӶȫ˨ӵϡ˨Ĵ򣬿Ǹ˴򲻹˨ȫǶӣһѩˣԶˣ׷һӣҲˡ
˵ǱߵĻĲݴҵһʬ壬϶ץۣӦ˨ӣҪҪ
ҡҡͷĿңҳ˶ˣʣһˣֵܣ˵ǻܳȥ𣿡
ҿ˿˵Щأ
˿ң˵ǿ˨ԶˣһӣͲӰǵңҵһ¥ϣǴ¥ϵţ澹Ȼ߸ʬŻˣܣ¥ˤȥˤ˾ʲô֪ˡѹһڵĵطԼˡҶҲˣֲ֪ԼûгԺȣԺģʲô֪ˡٺ￴ֵܡ
˵ĺܿҵ⡣ֿһۡеܡҾ֪̰Ļ֡Щó
̾˿˵ϸ磬ЩĽӣȻͻƽ࣬ǻƽǺܲĶ룬һǲǶΪôˡ
ңüͷǲŵģʵΪʲôôǮ
̾˿ϸ磬ҸôǮָǸлдңилιͷˣҲҺ㡣
ֿ˿ңе㲻š
˵ҪǲţҲûа취ˡֻҪһȥҪҪԼɡ
˵ˣʯͷϣͷ˽սʵ벻ףΪʲô̰˱ӡûˣ㻹ҪǮʲôοãûĶ
ʮӣҶе㲻ͷˡվó˺üСŵʯͷϡ涼ǽҲ˿
Ҷ˵Щǹ˵ġסԺҪЩʲô£ҪǩԼһҪǩͷӦҲУס𣿡
ң˵ͷ˵߰ɣ
ǼתС¥ص˸ղź㱱ɷֵĵط㱱ɲûüͷе㵣ġ˵ţ𶯡жԡͷ˵Ҫǡ
ͷĿһۡҵ˵ͷֵĿǺ͡ͷûж˵ԼǰһŵС¥˹ȥ
ǰһŵһС¥ҵ㱱ǣ㱱ƺǸˣҽе¬ô
ҵ˵ͷҵˣأ
㱱ָԺ˵ҵˡ
Ժ濴ȥԺһԲźڻңеֵʳӡǸֵļһϣѷѿݲݡ
ʵЩʲô
㱱ЦЦ˵ѿݲݣһǡյơһǡѲݡ
һָָǸֵʵʲô
㱱˵ҪǲµûǾʬõĹ
ҾУΪʲôҪùѵҪ𣿡
㱱˵ҲǺΪһ֪ǵգ㿴ͣҸղŹӦ͡ǰʬе֬ȥõġ
ҿ㱱ɵı飬ⶫôһĭкǶġ
ҲûŪΪʲôҪʬѵⶫҩô
Ҷ㱱˵Щʬղ⣬б;𣿡
㱱˵УǾҩ⡮⡯͡ɹǡҩƺܶĲ


һһʮ 㱱ɵķ
ҿ˿˵ôЩʬʱҩ𣿡㱱ҡҡͷνġ⡯͡ɹǡָֽʬĹ⣬ָʬȴܡָʬղؿǺܲвҩһ𣬾ͿԶˡЩһǸ֣֪ǻʲô
ҿ㱱ɣҿ˷ܲ㱱˵ҵѺӻǱߵţȥǽй
ҵĻû䣬һһ֪ǡͷͷҪǷһʲôˡҾԲʲôö
㱱һ㶣˵ʲôôе죬ˮ桭
תܣһһߴУΣˡ
㱱Ҳǹͽ˵ߣҺ¬ȥ
˵꣬͸˳
ļˡ㱱Ȼȴ׷ҡһֱܻصϹ͡ͷڵĵطѾˡ
нĽеϸ磬ϸ硣ܿյģû
и֣ϹʲôӣǡͷҲһӾͱ˼°ٻԽɡ
ڱ˵ͷĽˣߺûˡ
㱱׷ңʵô£ôô£
ֻ˵ʵ˵ҵĹĽ㱱ţɣʲôܽгô
ҲûʱͣԼ侲˿ϵĺۼֻ˺͡ͷĺۼûʲôɴ˿ɼľԲǽմصĶôӦǹ꣬ʲôԶͷֱӰץأ
ϸ˿ͷĽӡȺܴߵĻĲݴšȻǡͷȥˡҶû˵򡰲ͷŲķ׷ȥ
㱱Ҳû˵ʲôظҵĺ档
˲ݴǸץԼˣкǵġǲݴһΣա
ܵ˲ݴԱϣ붼û˽ȥһ·ϲݴԣȴʲôҲûз֣ͷĽŲҲûˡ
ڲݴԺҵţ޾İգ治Ӧð¡ھͲˡ
ҵţ洫㱱ɵĶϺ¬㲻Ҫ侲
һ㶣ػعͷ㱱ɡ㱱ɿ֪ǹңҪǲ侲ʲôûáú롣
һԼ侲ܿ˿ĲݴӾӵ档ӦǶû˴űôߡЩĲһ˶ߣԽԽߣγһȻϱڡ
ƬĲݣɽ֪ͨɽǻȥأ
ҴĽеͷͷ
㱱߽ߣôˣȴй
̾˿˵ҪһѵģһҵȻǼʱЩһûü˵ءǸѾһ¥ˤȥ˰ġ˵ﻹһʲôҲ֪
㱱ɵ˵ͷ˵Ҳָо¬ȱżû˵ĶеĻҲҿ԰ҡ
ʱѾƽˡ֪żûõġϻûʲô
ҡҡͷ
ʱһڴӵһҵľһ١ͷڣһʲôʱܵǱȥأ
㱱ɻǲţĹֻСг
˵ٰûʱ͡ȹȥɾ˵ɡ
㱱ָĵط˹ȥ
һ󣬲ŷ֣ĵطȻҵ㱱ɵĵطǸʬĹ߻Ѿðߵġ㱱ɵļͽȴˡ
㱱תһȦüͷ˵¬Ĺ⡣
Ҳ㱱ɻ룬֪ͷǲģΨһĽ;ǡͷˡʲôޣҲֻսʿ˾ͻͻ׷ϡ
ҿ˿ûпͷӰӡִûʲôӦ
ʱͷϵܼˡƺҹ͸ӺڰˡʱѾֲָˡ
ֻ㱱ɲ֪ҵһľ˼㲼Ǹ˵ʬĹߵĵմͣȼ˵ݸˡ
ŵȼյζ³㱱ȴںһһһ˵ûʲôܺգպܾءԳʱ
ҡҡͷס³ĸоʱ㱱ɵĻҲˣȼΧһ
ҪϸۼͻȻһӰ˹һһſӰñֽס
ǡͷһ˰ɡͷڻ
ͷҵĻһҧסҵĿȣǰҡ
֪ͷ˼˵ͷ˵ˣߡ˵һ֣šͷ˳ȥ
㱱ҲŻѸ˹ȥһֱܵ˴һӦǴмĵ·һƬճũֻߴ濪ʲôġ
һյĹ㳡ֻռǰʮ׵ĵطͺөĹâ
ĴĿţ֪ͷǵҪʲô
ͻȻǰһƬһ档һСĵطʬ壬Ѫ
СǼǸҪʱ򿴵Ĺһߵ㱱ֹף硣ҿɲ뿴ˡ˵žҪǰȥͻȻ֣ԼˡµĹؽںʲôץסˣһҲˡ㱱УǽҲвͨ졣
֮ǰҲǸƷ棬ҵһοˡǴ̡̡̹û֪ûõģ㱱ɣ˵뿴ꡣ
ʱǻϳһˡӦþһˡΪ׵ǸӣϻǹǺЩ˾ЦſЩʬ壬ûԡ
ŻתˣЩռǸСͻȻ洫ǹˡս˺ܾãЩ˲ŷ׷ߡ
ǸӷһֱӵһС򣬿ÿ϶ûа취˯ֻҪһ£ͻῴЩԩֱ꣬ǸʵܲˡʱͻȻһûͷˡһĳǸ׵ǰ˵֪ҪǩԼͿԽѡֻҪͬϵκζͿˡ˵ŶһŷƵֻֽǸѾЩԩĥĲεķףȻЦЦЦǩ֡׵д˽ѡǸûͷĹǷ׵ͷ­
ԼƮȻ䣬޵ҵǰ
ҿؿǩ־Ȼǣ


һһʮһ ͭʬ
ҵȻǵãǸϺˡǸˣˮͬҲˮֱ̡ͬ꣬ļأǱնסкһӵıˣҲ̡
ǿĲͷ˿㱱ɣ㱱ҲˣȵĿǰһĻƺϵ龰ˡϵıǾȡ
ǡǴ̡ز̵˲һ̷һִеҲһġǸͷĹҺ֪ǲǹΪʲôûͷ­
ûͷ­ѾôˣҪͷ­Ǹ
ǸͷǸͷ᲻ǹͷ­Ϊʲôͷ­ͷϳšǹͷ­ôʲô
ΨһõľԴʣµáǰѾݹնףţ࣬ݰƤһĶǣҲϸҿ㱱ԲһĿʮ
ҵҲˣ˵ʱ뵽ˡͷһʲô
ҾԼܼΧȴҲͷټͻȻСĺߺԭһһֱҵĽ£ֻǲ֪ΪʲôѵҲƻˣ
УҲԴСҿʼÿҵķÿһκҶǿһЩеӿԶˣ͡ҸϽСĽеͷͷ
Ҹежƺͷҵٻڿҡ
һˣͷ˿㱱ɡֻ룬Ŀɢǰľ󡣴ʱҾȻľˣֻԼԼĿͷĹڻζţƺ˵ʲô
㱱ɵӣͻȻʶһȰдԼ㱱дԼˡҵϻǲֻܶôһͷ
ֻýһ㶯žһ¡֮һֱɽȺϻصš
ҷģġͷһҵĶ䶼ҪˣҺܸˡȻһεĴ֣һ˺ǰľǹҲӰһӸеԶˡ
Ҹ˿ͨһ㱱ɵ嵹ȥ
ҿˡͷͷֵؿҡ֪Ҿʲô㱱Ϊʲôᵹ¡ѵһ￴ϧ˵Ҳûʱ˵˵䣡
ұ㱱ɣҡţ˵
㱱ת˿ң¬û°ɣҡҡͷûأ
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һϽʵûдӦ
㱱һ˵ҾҪӦˡҪֵʱҵǰͻȻһɫĹޣͷ¹ۼסˣһͷ룬Ӻ泤ɫëҾһŵһӾͻ˹ȥ
ҿˡͷһۣĵһˡ
ͷҲңһţӣҡҡͷû취
ʱ㱱Ҳ˹Ϣһ£Լûʲôˡ۾˵¬һ֪ô¡Ұɡ
̾˿˵˵Ҽ򵥵ĸһ°ɡ
Ҽ򵥵˵˹飬㱱ɾȻ飬Ϊʲô˵
ε˵˵Ҳ᲻𣿡㱱˵ͷҼ˵˵ֵýҾǸˣҲδػš
㱱̾˿ǻǱ𵢸ˣȥЩ˰ɣҪҲ˸ʬǲ
ҸϽ㱱ɡʱǲŷ֡ѾΧˡ
ղǵĻѶ䵽˵£ȻûϨ𣬿ǱϾ̫ˡҪߣ˻ѣһյʱǲŷ֣ܶһ˫˫۾ŻѵĹ⡣
ϸһЩ۾ˣȻǸʬ
һֱΪЩһֻǱţҩĵġû뵽ǻԻ
֪ΪʲôΧǣȴƺеĻЩ¡ֻǵĻһϨ𣬾ͻһ
Щʬ㱱ƺָֻţЦЦ˵ûµģЩѣһǲµġ
ҿɲôνûвȺǣοЩ֪֪ʹĸʬһҧһڣҲ군ˡ˵ǵĻҪϨô죿
㱱ɵ˵ķ䣬ʲôʱ·һѣǶҽİȮҿҲҰô
ҽӿʵأ
㱱ɺһⱲץʬЩһȻĿڶ࣬ҵûһҸǲ죬ΪءãҲûʲôڷһѻЩʬţǡ
㱱˵ҵķ²٣ϾλǸеˣ
ŻЩʬ߽һЩȻЩʬ㿪һ㡣»ҾͲˡ
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㱱ɴӱóܶС죬˵ҲҪ˰æǡ˵Űѻҡ
ҽӹѣС˵ҪСġ
㱱΢΢һЦھһСڸ첲̯һأǸʬȺ˹ȥ
һѺȴ˵ʲôӰʩֻ㱱ɣ̤ǣһֵĽͲڸʬдСѸٵĻϵЩʬͷϡ
ЩʬȻڶ࣬жûȷӦ㱱Ѿ˱ĵط
Ƭ̼䣬㱱ɻصҵߣҸϽѻѵݸȴЦҡҡͷóһС
ŸʬһΣʬȺкܶĸʬŻһ£ϸһЩŻεģЩͷϲСĸʬ
㱱ʱ˼£Щʬ߳ʬȺվǵߣ泯⣬γһȦǻڵС
ҿϡ棬ʵǡ
㱱ЦЦǡͭʬЩǿʬҾͿͨҵˡ
˵л˻һȦʬȻȥĸʬƺе⡣ֱЩʬƿһߣһճ
м䰲ȫߵһС¥£㱱ɻ˻ʬ¥߿˴ţתһȦˡ
㱱˵ûǼɡ
Ҹе˼Ҳݴͣǳˣ֪ҹô򵥡ڲҪݴͣҪ


һһʮ ȫʧ
Ǿ䷳һŵС¥ǲûʲô֣ҵиӽұáͷȥңǲ֪ΪʲôͷıӺ񲻺ʹˣ߳ȥֻˡ
ΧЩʬһŴ۾ǡȴҷϵĻѵĹԽԽˡЩһʱ
һߵ㱱ɵǲ⣬ͭ꣬һһʬһʹǸʬĸ첲Żһ㣬ȻҲðܻ⣬˵ûЩʬմš
ҿˡһʵ̫ˡ
һС¥һţתᵽ˺ߵĵط
ͻȻһɨǶ䲻˵Ļͬʱˡһûüµϣĸʬ͵вСĸʬΪãʱĶסЩʬ
㱱ɸϽҳȼѡÿ𣬾ͻз紵ðѴŬʮҲܵȼѡ
Ҳһһ߻ڳԣһߴؽеԾʲôںԡ
ҵĻδ䡣ԭģͻȻһɢˡֻںϵһƬ軹档һִԲԲСյһƬʡ
㱱ǰָһ㣬еãʮ壬Բ֮ҹ
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ȴԸеΪ֮һΪһֱɵķĹ⻪ҵҵϣҾҲ˸ľеԼǿˡ
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һץסһץҵĸʬĸ첲Ǹ첲ָɣֻ滹һ֬˸еܶġ
һ˦Ǿ߸ʬ˦ȥԶԶԶĵطվ
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Ϸþеȥ˺ЩʬʬЩֽŵȲ֫ŪõǡһĶġ
һӣͻȻֿгˣֵζҲԺĸо
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㱱һ㶣Ͻ˺һ·ڿڱϡͬʱе˵ôоеԺˣΪԼùˡ
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㱱ɲûлͷشңֻǰеţӻεø
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ͷһͻȻҲˣеԴ˲١
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ֵĽȴ֪ǺãĶԡͷ˵ôҲһҵǵλá
ͷ˿ңһŽ˵ûа취ԭ򣬵֪һʲô


һһʮ 澰
쳣Ľѳζǵ취ȷʵһ취ûУֻܵȵ˵
ͻȻԶġ˱仯һһˮֱʡһ˿С
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类Ǿ޴Ǳ߿ȥǾ޴ˮɵ˿УڿŲ
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㱱ɶ˵¬νҲ֣Ҳо֡
С¥޹
¥µʱͻȻ֣˱仯
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ʱҷеСϣмСҿԶԶĿϹ
쳣˷ܣе㿴ǺڵϣǲӦùȥ
ʱ㱱Ҳ˵ϵ˵ʲôϽȥ
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һɣᶨ˵壬ҲҲҪ
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ҸϽеߣȻŻᱻЩӿ̤ġҺ㱱ǰȥܳԶͷҲǰߡ
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Ҵ棬ȻЩûٳǶ˵ƤиӦ
ٿͷ֮Щ¸ûгûõġ
ԽԽˣǲòŲЩ˾ڵмĹĿճϡ
һֱߵ˹ſڣԭźΰĹţȴҲֻһ˶ߡҺ㱱ɶǸ߸ӣţҪӡ
ǿ˿ŵϷд֡ɭ޵໥һۣԽ֡ȻǡĵطЩĽôεģʲôҲûС˵ĽȽϻңṩǻǿԴŷֱǵ
û飬߽˹ĴСǸһ߽ȥžȻĹˡһ紵أԵĴ˸
ͷ㱱ɣҲüͷ壬ͷ۷ų⣬ƺ׼սˡ
Ǽ˾ڿճм䲿λǸϽ߹ȥȻϹ㱱ɵǼͽܡ˵ңնûн㡣žͲһŴͣȴ֪ڽʲô
ҳȥǾͳҾȻһӳ˹ȥ˶档
ǻҵһǻȦףϵˡ
һתЩ˵Ļ㱱ɾվڶûҽеǿϵˣߡ
ȥǴǺĽмķ϶Ҳˣź񱻺һƵöء
·ͨѰ·ҿ˿Χǽߣ㱱˵ҿǽɣ
㱱ɵ˵ͷСһǽͷǽԽȥǸշɵһ룬ͻȻǽͷϳ˸ղļ̣ϢģԽԽ
ҸϽһСġ㱱ǺεˣȻзģҵĽָǽһ㣬ַ˻ǽͷǳļ̣һͷϵĺˮ
Ƕһۣ˵ǽҲˡ㱱ɺһԲ䡣һǸŪЩŻǡߣҵ˵
һпճмľڡЩ˻üͷ˵Ǿ
㱱˵һĳطſ԰ӰŪ


һһʮ ʮһλ
ҵ۾ô˵һڲԶĵط
㱱ɵ˵ͷҺпڵĵطۣһҪҵ
ҵ˵ͷܿȥǸĹţҪȥǹкܶ಻֪Ӧýһźá
㱱ɿ˿ֿ˿ͷ˵Ѱæһ£
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㱱ɶ壬ԡͷ˵ҵصĵطҪȥˣһҵĵġ
ͷ˿ֿ˿㱱Ӱһұ߶һȥ
Һ㱱ɸϽˡͷ˹ſǹ˽ȥ
һƬڣоɭˡ֪緢Ŀ޺ú󱻷ë
㱱ɶ˶񣬴ӱóһ·˵¬ȴ·ĺܡ
Ҵ·ȷʵо˲١ʱ۾ҲӦΧĺڰԿڵĶ
ںܿտֻһĴм䣬ɺ͵ͭƣܵǽƺбڻǻܷһʱ俴塣
౱ɴӿڴóһСֵܾµСֵ㣬ǵȴǳڴıڻϡ
ǱڻϻĶһЩһ෢٣ȥǿ£
ЩϵĶŸʽıһ֮ʱɵǰ
ֵĹƵǸε棬һһӣдš
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㱱ɵֵһУ˺ڰҿΧǽǱڻڻ涼Щû޹۵СˡŸ̷ֵаࡢۡӡ塢ըѵȵȣȻЩСû٣ӿ顣ǿҲеĲ
Щ̵ħһȷʵǹ񫣬һ֮µӡ˿ŸӲ
տĴм䣬һЩϸӦǻеЩ̾ߡ͹ͭһĶǺ񿴵ЩʹĺСһ󷢺
㱱ƺЩЩо˵¾ǡ̵֪̾ǲġֻġ
һֱ˵ʲôȴһ㶼ףʲô󡣸ղûʱʣ̲סˣʵһ£ʲôأ
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ָָ˵ʲô̶ȵأ
㱱Ĵ˿ҡҡͷ˵ɲ˵ҿģͰͺ¥ʱʹõɳ̡ǰƵģأ֪ʲôŵأ
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㱱ƺǳıڻһһϸĿšûп߸ҵĻ˳ҵָϵ߸޴ıڻȥҲһ
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Ҳе飬ʵʮޣǸ˼˵ʮඣʮһ
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û뵽㱱ɾȻ˵ôףҲ̾ѧʡʮһλ˭


һһʮ Ԩ
㱱ҡҡͷ˭Ҳ֪㲻˵ǹ𣿿ɼЩҲƽİɣӴĵ伮ûᵽҲ֪˭㿴˺ͷֿӣǿֲЩУֻһ˴ҿǹ̵ܴİɣ
ЩҶһֻ֪֪˭Ҳ̫ԭΪȻ㱱֪ôʮ޵飬Ҳ֪飬û뵽㱱Ҳ֪Ҳеʧ
ֿһͷǰߴˡҺ㱱ɲŸϽȥһֱߵĳڣһǻͷֿһۡǹ޴ĻŵĹͷ۾͸⣬ƺЦ
Ҵһһɺĵ
ȻЩطɭֲǵΪֹʲôҲûпһԻĶûǸżǰЩ˾ȳŲҲӿˡ
ͷ˴šһȡⳤȵǲ̣Щ롣ֻǸ߶ʵǲߣҲ֣ͿĶ
߹˳ȣǰȻһӡӵܴ󣬲֪洫
ͷվڿӱϣǡҿ˿ӣӵĿӱϣ޽¥ݣ¡֪
ҿ˿㱱ɣǡ
㱱°ֹͣţʼǡйٵǡ̵ղǡӦþǵˣʮ˲ȥӦʮ˲㡣
ʮ˲˵ģû뵽ǰǡȻһģȻеɭֲ֪ȥʲô
㱱˵Ҫȥ𣿡
Һԥĵ˵ͷȻҪȥģ˻档
㱱һ˵ԽԽòԾ¬Ҹղ˵ʵҲûʲôֻˡҪĿľҪסھǱ档ûУΪʲôҪסǣ
һûӶŸϽϹȳʱȥǱġ㱱ɲͬЩͽܶ˵۲ҲԣҲУڵӸǣҡ
ҿ˿ֱ֪ʲôʱͣˣóֻ뿴ʱ䣬ŷֻҲˣӦʱǵˮ
㱱ɿֵ˵ʲô¬˵֪ʱ䡣
㱱̧ͷ˿գ֪ʲôʱǺƲ־ͷϣֻЩ¹͸˹ῴˡ
㱱Ҳҡҡͷ²Ҳ֪ʱʱҪ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ԣҪΪҹʮ㣬䵱ʱǡʢʱͨһš
㱱üͷ˵ô˵Ǽٵģʮ֮󣬺ܾܿͻˡʱǾͺпܽ䣬ʱ޷Ԥ֪ˡʱҲΪΪ⣬ǾҪ˰ڲˣ
룬˵ͷп
㱱ɺһҹʱ쵽ˣ໹СʱҾӦǹˡҪһҪҵۣϣĹܴǲԩ·
ҿ˿ͷеϣˡ㱱ɳ˵²˳٣ǿߡ
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ʶɿ˷ŷֵ֣㱱˵ȻأҪ˹ֿˡ֪ô
Ҹûʲôо˵һá㱱ɿ˿ң˵ͷ
һֱʮӣǰ¥ݾȻϿˣһ֮и׶ĶϿµûа취ȥˡ
üͷ¥ôϿˣ㱱ɿ˿˵ӦûɡжͲ֪ˣһȥԶϲˡ
˵ʵûʲôա䣬㱱𣬷ɵ˶档һӷɵҵУ㱱ڶУɣû⡣
аޣ֣ľ룬һӣȥˡӣ˵ȰѡͷȥһͷҡͷﻹСͷӰ
нšͷ֣ͻȻ洫СһĽһ֪ʲôʱ򡰲ͷѾ˶档
ҡҡͷеɵͷô㲻ʲôһԼϹġ
һ£Ǹϵ䡣ʱֻҪ㱱ɼʱһӣҾͿԹȥˡ
Ǿʱ򣬺ڰͻȻವһԼһһӰǰӡȻûʲôлǰһã
еһ֮ûгֻ֡еһᣬµȥ
Ǳߵ㱱һקӣһˣ֪ôˡûʲô취
ȥȴˮг׵ĸоûзֻ㱱ٽҵԽԽԶԽԽԶ
֪οǲðˣôˤȥһûġһȻ˿Ӱ
ǰĿ۽գȶ૵˵ɵĿھҲΪʲôľֻ֣ʶĸһһ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҷԼƺѾ׹Ҳ֮תˡ̥Ϣ
ȶܿһƬãã֪ںδ
еƣôûˤȥ֣ȥʲôûУġҸ֣ô
ԼĴȻǴġҾӦȥǡ뵽Ļֽţζһ˰죬ƺûжط
ԴԼ̫ɵȥĻ͵ˡڿҺ뿪档
ҪҪŪ
ͬԽΨһҵľǣûˤ
룬Ȼһ֮ڣ֪ҴŵĶܲأ
ϵĿڴŷڴ㱱ɸҵ·ֻҵġҫʡҵϣʣµĶ㱱ɡ
óˡҫʡУһһܲûʲôӦ
ûһı䡣
Լ侲ԼĴʼǴһߵˡмһСϡûа취ȷǸġҵô᲻ں
һ뵽ѹѹתˡϢһںףֻҿˮѡ
뵽˰취ְѺתһϢƵ˷У÷г塣
ĸоԼ忪ʼˡ


һһʮ о޳
һˣҲ̫⡣쵽ͷϣԷײʲô
ٶԽԽ죬ֱҾҪﲻסǿˣŸеΧһᣬֱΧĸоһûˡſڵĴϢšȻܻһƬڰ֪Ѿˮˡ
۾ϿȥͻȻ治ԶһһĸоΪ澹Ȼйͺ¥͸ĹһϸĲһ£ʮ߲㡣
һƮȥֱǽڡǽţڱǸ¥ݡһˣȻ¥ݣҾͿȥˡ
¥ݴ󲽵ţ¥ݻףһֱߵһƵĵطһڣ͸ƹ⡣Ҽǵ¿ʱǲûпй⡣ѵǺųֵġ
ûóȻڶ濴˿ͻȻезе㲻ԡϰǽϡǷǰҽŶڵĹǺǸɳ棬ҸͷС
ʱҸеҺ˳һҵϾȻһӣҵѪ
һϽѪҵ֮ǰӶˣʱҲһӰѵźһĶ
붴濴˿ʲôûС룬ȥ
߽˶УĹԶûпôȥҲǸоƵġط̫أʲôﶼҵԴǲ֪ΪʲôǿЩǴġ
ڽȥ֮һܴĿռ䡣񷶥ûУֻе䡢ҺƣĶʲôأ
ţͻȻоڶһ㶣ѵˣ־òԾΪֻǵڶע⵽ҲŵĵɳӵģѹָоġɳҲǻζɰ
Ŭ뿴µͻȻһ޴Ķǰɳ˳һȻûʲô֪Բʲôöһ㶼û飬תʱĶȥ
Ҹոܳһɳɷ˵ֱֱ
ҸϽ͵һһߡһǰһΧ
Ͻվ׼Ŀյһ˹ȥҸոհҶ㿪лͻȻǰһɳʯһ޴ĺںɫĺǽһĶɳˣҵǰһͣûͣסݺݵײ档
öǽǲǣǺӲЩԣײ浽ʱʹöϺճҺһȵζұ˵ϡ
ҸϽȥܵˣٲܳȥ»ᱻΧ
תͣˡΪѾΧˡʱҲſûֻһײ֡Ƕɳг׵˳ҲſһǷǾ޴ĳӡ
ʲôҲֻ֪֣ûа취ӣڿȫҾҷֲһͷβұΧм䣬ǰΧȦСͷβ෴ķ˶ɵİΧȦͺһƶĴǽҿҸܷǽȥΪǶ¡ǽߣȫճҺҲûа취ȥ
ҸоǹζԽԽأѾû֮ˣֳǹ壬Ųһߵ壬Ǹ޷ֱֹұزסˡߵճҺϵľۼȵζŻһ޴ҸоҪˡͻȻҾԼˡȥΪǼһ̫󣬿ϵճҺ̫࣬ҾȻм˳
ңһ١ˣҶ񷶥ײ˹ȥǸ񷶥ƽģкܶʯͻҪٶײ棬Ҳûݡ˵ʱʱ죬񷶥ѾǰˣҸϽһȵ񷶥ϣµȥ滹Ǽһ塣ҿ׼㣬һŲϣ˳һİΧȦ
ǼһƺǸȻ޴󣬿Ǻûʲô̡Ȼһ֪ΪʲҡѾӳˡٿǼһ廹ƺ֪ѾˡҰԺЦǲͣϽ򶴿ȥ
һûеڣͻȻǼһһӱֱ塣Ͻſ˵ϡһҵͷϹιǼҵһͷ˶ڴöµģҸͲܳȥ
𴦿һ࣬ûбĳڡֻбĶڡ
ʱǼһҾ˹޴壬Ųɿķ磬֪һϣͻᾭղŵجΣûиղŵͲ֪ˡ
ֻһȥϣ԰óڡҺóûȥĬҵĽŲҲӿˣһûк£ĵط˳ȥ
ǼһûΧסңƵĵתͷΧԼٶȶ㿪Χ¡ǼһƵͼΧסҡڶڵͷûжΪԹκһط
һ߶ţһ߰żȥֻһ·ˡ⡰棬ҿСģЩվ֮ʱʱһǻᱻһӦóڳһ¡ӦôأϵġҫʡںҲûʲôˡһᣬͳ˽ʡ
ǴΧ˹Ҽٵ˳áҫʡļһͷϣݺݵĴһ¡ǼһƺûʲôоƵתͷҵһⶫ˺ʵ̫СˡͲá
Ļ֮ʱͻȻһҺ罦ҵϡһҺ徹Ȼɫģģ
ϸѰңŷ֡ҺǴǼһġҺĵطҸղáҫʡĵط
ǴʱҲȫһƺܵʹӡһϲԭǲãһ̫ٶˡҸϽӿΣٴӵϣ˺ܶ£һʱ䣬Ӻһͷ˺ܶҺ塣ΪɫľǼһѪҺ
Ȼʼʱǲ˺һﾹȻʼһšҵ˻ᣬܵ˴Ӷڶڵһͷݺݵʴ˼¡
ɫҺ˳
ǴӵҪӶڶڵһͷҵһ򡣶Ҳÿˡﻹԥܳ˶ڣֵڵĵطϷ֣ʹá¥ϷɿȥûʱˣԭͲʱ䣬ﵢ̫ˡҲ֪ҽô֪Ϲһȥˣǻزˡ
ұ뾡ҵǣҲϹ£ŸոҪϺӡ
ȻûˡͷİҲǺ㱱ɷֱ·ҲԸѰҵ
Ƭ̼䣬Ѿ˵ڶˡ


һһʮ ƨɵĲͷ
˶ڣڶԣûʲôҾͲȥˡ
Ƕк͸ղŶеȲ࣬Щ谵ҿڶлмˣϸȻ㱱ɵЩͽܡ
ҺǸˣȴûз֣ϹӰܰЩ˾ҲǺõġ
ҸϽܽ˶УߵǼ˵ߡǼҲңϵı鶼֣죬֣е˴ָо
ʱҲûж룬˵ǻðɣ
㶵ؿңҲ˵ҷǵֶں棬Ǳˣ߹ȥɰ
ҵͷ֣ͻȻоҵļץסˣ̧ͷһҪɰǸˣûбϣһץסҵļһֻ֣ȭҴ
һ㶣ȥǺ治֪ʲôʱվһˣ
һ͵һ˵ļйʵʲô𣿡Ǽͽܸ˵һӰΧڵУְ˽ŵкҲ֪ôˣʲôʧȥǡֲ˵ǣֵֻܵһߵֵһ򶴿ڵķƶ
ЩͽҲƺҵͼڵǱվˣҪȥǺѵá
⼸ͽܸ㱱ϴ嶼Ϊ׳ӻӡηηβģеֲ֧סˣһҧһץסһͽܵ͵һһؽڶϱж˻Ǽһֱ۶ˣǺ֪۵ӣɻӶһֱֻҽ
շץҩһѼ˵ֱժ˻Ҳ۵żֱ۲ܶڻҽҲֻܰ̾ϢôˣʵǾȲˣ㱱ʲô취ɡ
Ѿߵ˶ڶڵһˣ˶ڡ˵Ҳ֣Щֻڶȴ׷ڡ
վڶϢϽȥתۼ䣬˵ڡվǳϣϹûˣֻһֻСվ棬ƨɶţ֪ڸʲô
߲㣬ҿСëɫֻⱳӰҿȷǡͷҾһ㶣ͷôԼ㱱أѵ㱱ɳʲô飿
ٿͷͷڿʲôﲢеģ˵Ҿ롰ͷôӦÿԸоõҵġǡͷΪʲôһֱƨɶң
ֵֹģҲò߽У򡰲ͷǡͷƺȻվﲻһֱߵˡͷûжһˡͷǰ档뿴ʲôһԼһ
Ϊˡͷǰ棬Ļǡͷƨɡôһסˣѵͷƨɵġͷһ֮򡰲ͷƨץȥҵҪô¡
ץסˡͷβͣһͷһ˹һƨɶҵ֣ӺҪҧȥӡҸϽ֣ѵƨɻҧˣ
ƨɣβ͵ġͷ˹һʱҺܲӦǾԼǴǲƨɻ᲻ҧˣҲܱƨҧҸϽһ߶㣬һߴʵǲǡͷ
ƨɵļһͣһ£ƨɶңڿҵӣеܲƨۿҡʵǲǡͷҵ£ƨϵβʹţе⣬ǡͷͷôӡ
ͷβ͡еôˣǱͷأβͻҡţתתȥҲֻƨɡҼֱҪˣҪǡͷԺӣǿô죿˹ˣ
Ǿ룬־òԾֻƨɣô˵ģǰĻ᲻۷һĶֻǿĴ
ٿǲԾǴѵҲǴߣƨɡ
һʹҡεβͣҲ֪ѹǺЦ
ҿһͻȻ֣βһһġβ͵⣬մŵɳҲһġе㲻ԾֵһβϵɳһߵɳҲˡҺǲ죬ŵ˼ɳһġ
еˣѵ˵һ澵ӣǾӣҲһͨľӣֻ˵һžԵĶΪʲôͷһأֻܿһ룬ǰһأ
Ұ˼⡣ǱߡͷƺҲżƨɺβͶƴҡΡƺʲô鼱űͻȻƨڵתһϴȥƺʲôҸ֣ͻȻ뵽һǡͷǰһ룬ںʲô򶷣ŻΪʲôҿѵͷӿһϣһռ֮ţŵһһռ䣬һռ䡣ͷͱֻܿƨɺƨɵľ
뵽Ӳ֪롣飬뵽벻ôУΪʲôҺͲͷһռ䣬ͷǺܣ
Ҹšͷƨһܣʼ벻ʲô취
ʵҲ򵥣ֻҪˣˣͷͿԲñڵУҲͿԹȥ
ôأһ⡣ҾȷˣӦȥϹϹҪڡͷǸռô죿ͷս֪˭սҲڽϹȥһһҲ뵽ԥˡ
ʱͻȻҵĶߴǴӶڵĵطˡǡͷġһ㶣ȻӦò̫ԶҰȾܣҲһ죬һҵǰҶһǾȻǡͷ֪ʲôԭ򡰲ͷǸסĵط˳
ҸϽܹȥһѱסͷҲſͷͷ˿ڣѪҸϽšͷͷϵѪ˺һ½ϡڼ䡰ͷ쳣˷ܣζҪܳȥ
ҰˣͷһҧҵĿţȥ֪һмҵĴ򶷷Żһô˷ܣ˵ɣҸߣ
ͷȾܣҲչˡ˲ͷĺ档
һֱԽĲ㣬ֱӵ˵ͷֱӴӽ˶Уҽظں棬Ҳǰľˡ
һƬǽ壬صѪϺ˵һЩʬ壬ҰޣֺǴ㱱Ұ޶Զţϸ˿ǶȷʵֻǸͷʵ̫һ˶ߡ
Ŀ¶׹⣬ƣ㱱еΣҲǺ١ͷǣȻǺܸˣһЦ֮󣬾Ȼڵϡ
ֻһ͵Ĵ˹ȥҪ˺ҧ㱱ɡͷһһĴ˹ȥһҧסǰĴҲһͦ˹ȥ


һһʮ ؿ
ܹȥŷԼֿտգûбļһֻóˡҫʡȴ룺ⶫҪܳͺˡ
ҫʡȻһһӳа׳ֳ֣˦á
ҴϲӶšҫʡһֻȥ
ʱ򡰲ͷҧס˵һ嵹ֻǰצ۾ץȥ
һ׼ֺݣֻ۾һӱͷץơѪ۾ųѩ׵ӱѪȾһƬ
˦ͷǡͷҧסǲһֻҲܹȥæҸϽϣһеġҫʡͷϺݺݵĳȥ
ֻһҵġҫʡĶϡҫʡǰ쳣ļһӰֻĶһ顣
Ǵʹȥֻ󣬶ֻǰצ֣ץҿԿֻצϵָҵָ㳤̣Ĺâһצжɲܱץ
ҸϽ㿪˷צеġҫʡıӴȥ
צʽѾϣǳʱģצ㿪ҫʡصĴ̽˴ıϡ
ǴһֽУһˡڵϹһȦվſ͡
˵һһɫĶĿзҡҲ֪ʲôӲһҵλûվȣɫĶȻڰתһ䣬ҷ
ЦһȻǲǶô󲻹ⳤĴ󣬻¶ꡣ˺һеġҫʡڰУһҵǰ
ɫĶһײ˹Цһӱ˰ûͣٴתżܵ˴ߣҧҧӶеġҫʡֻ̽۾
һѪɳҫʡţֻڵͷܡûܳһײ˶ǽϣ˵ϡ
ٿͷǱߣֻԽԽûѪϵѾûʲôˡͷڵĵϡֻԼץԼ֪ͷôģȻ㿪ˡֻԼץһѪۡѪʼ˺ɫ
һͷԸû⣬Ͻܵ㱱ߡĽ㱱ɡ
ʱ㱱˵û°ɣЦЦӦ㰡е£
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ʱ򡰲ͷҧŵֻѾȻˡͷģֻĲҧһڡܹ
ʵ㻹ܲߣ
㱱ҡҡλεվߣǲܵʱ䣬ҵЩ˲ǡΪʲôôߵĵطȥû¡
˵ԭҲǺܺ£ȥ֪ˮһӦǡĺסûˤˡ
㱱ɵ˵ͷȥҺ͡ͷżǿٵܡһֱܵйĵطҲǹնҪûСͷҿǰ군ˡһֱôġ󡯡
ҿˡͷһۣͷûһ㽾ı飬Ǻżӡ
Ϊ㱱ɵԵʣߵĲǺܿ졣ͷһֱߣȥȥţʲôż顣
㱱˵Ӻѣһ㣬ԡͷôżҪȥϢһ
룬ܺãȱʱ䡣ʵ̫
Ҷ㱱˵Щͽܣ֪ʲôҽûа취ֻðǵĸ첲ж˻ҪֱȥǰɣҲа취
㱱ɵ˵ͷҴšͷȥ
ʩչͷҲӿٶȣʱǵһĶǰ
ҿûֱӸšͷ˽ȥ
ֻһˣһֻ۾ĴĿţ֪ڿʲô
һһߴУϸ磡ϸ磡ĿתңһûؽеֵܣֵܡҰ
ܵߣڵϣҲûʲô˵ʲôߡ
ɥ˵ҲվжҡҶð
üͷڣߣ濴ȥͻȻƨ棬ֻɿݵֻ֣ץȻ
һޱȾȣô֡ǻûһͻȻеԼĽŲһҵĽźҲʲôץסˡҵͷһȻӵֻ֣ץסҡ
һֵֻʮ־޴󣬲ôҶûа취
ʵֵܣôˣôˣһͷץ˫ŵĿ֣ŵô
ͷһ߳˹ץҵĿݾһҧֲ㲻ܣΡͷеϵĿƤҲ֡
Ҳİһֻץҵ֣ǿݺֽһ㣬Ҹ
ŬͻȻͷĽ졣̧ͷһֻ˳ץסˡͷȡ
ҪȥͷͻȻӿĿ֡յץš
žȻӭζĻ䣬ֻֻʵǿֲڿץԼ֣Ҳûа취ӳȥ
ٿɫǴһţȻֱӾ˹ȥ
ͷĿץס֡
һĪչʱ㱱ɵӰſڡһĽей֣ץǲأ
㱱վڶڣ˿˵ҿ׼һɿϽܡ
Ҵ˵ãҪô
㱱˵ⶫ»𣬲㴦һĻ𶼲áҵġζһŻǶ˻ȥʱܳ
ҲȻ˵ζ𡱲ûмġʱҲûʱЩ飬ֻôеãɡ
ֻ㱱ָֻڿл裬дʡӶ˼Ȧ֮󣬶ǰĿһָһɫĻָ˳
ǻ粻󣬻ûдĻеûġǰĿ֣һմССĻ磬һȼ
һֻˣΧҲȼЩŵĿ͵˻ȥǵķӡ
һĺáһ˵ҡϸ磬ϸ磬ѡ
òҲŰŪˣչĻƣһʱ䲻֪ʲô顣Ҳûʱͣ˵ϸ磬ĻץĶһſ͸Ͻܡ
ɴ۾Ҳ֪ͷˡصĵ˵ͷ
ѸӹĻƣʱ׼ţֻҪץǵһɿǾͿӳˡ


һһʮ ޶
ԽԽǻȴԸһָɸɵȶȣм仹ͼȹرζøŻ
ǱһˤͷϵĴ󺹣һţһ߱ԹʲôζǶġ𲻴ôôȣ᲻Ҳ
ûشҲشֻǽӹĻơͷҲĿǻ棬ϵëʼ
ʱѾǵǰܵȿǵҽϵĿֻûһɿ˼ֻܳǿȵˣϵ·Ѿˣٿȥͻ
޿̵ʱ͵ĸоһɣһˣһץߵȥͬʱץšͷĿҲɿˣͷϵëѾѾʼȼˣĻ⡣ҵĺ˳
һֱܵ˶ڴҰŵ˵ϣšͷ˴ϵĻ硣ͷڵϴ˼ϵĻѹ
šͷϵĻŪ˿ٿ㱱һ۵ӡ˵ұĹ󣬸ղַζ;ƿˡ
ҿ㱱˵ô죬ôҪȣһ˶Ըǡ
㱱ҡҡͷ°ɡȥӣҪǻָˣֱȥҵͽܣʵڲС˵㱱̾˿
Ҳ֪˼ʱô˵ͷءǰûбķ취ֻһһˡ
̾˿˵ҵһ㿴˵˳ȥͷظҡ
ҿ˿ͷϢһ¡ǡͷĿ쳣ļᶨ֪޷ֹֻõ˵ͷչˡȥ
ͷȻˣֱëҲûʲô¡ĸҵһ㡣
վڶ濴˿ֻһ޴İɫ壬ڶм䡣߹ȥȴʱʱע¡ҿɲٱһĶץסˡҪû˿Ծҡ
һֻߵǸɫϣšҫʡһǸ塣ǰɫ屻һ£Ť˼¡
ǻģ˺һϸĿ˿ſöһһİ˿߲ƶɵġȻϼ룬ĲϼҿûĶӵж
ǽʱЩгŴСߵŵЩӡЩӣôĲϼҲͲΪˡûϹ
ܿ˿аӰõӡٿͷͷֻվĿǸϼ룬ƺʲôŵ
Ҫ͡ͷ˵ͻȻ߾һ磬һҵͷ
ҲûпʲôֻǸܵ˶粻ơһͷһߡ
ٻͷǷϮķ򿴿ȴʲôûУֻкܶ಻֪Ļҳ
ЩҳǻһЩҾҵĿٿͷؿңƺ֪ΪʲôҪĶȻҲῴʲôϮˡ
վ壬СĵţеġҫʡǰĴĿţⶴ֮ǰЩһִֿտҰʲôûС
ţͻȻеͷһӭͷѹǷּ̧֪ͣͷϽһΣһ㵽һߡ
ءͷûиղˣȻ㿪ˣ֪ʲô»оǴĲϼ룬һӱһ£ڵϴ˼˺Զ
ҹȥŸϽ̧ͷܻǿտҲ⵽ʲôôΣűΣȻ˭ڹҡһտĵط
ͷӵҲֵĿܡе㲻֪롣ȵĻң򡰲ͷȥͷȻеǱûʲô¡ҲڿңƺҲѯʣ㿴ʲô𣿡
Ȼǻشˡͷְע⼯еǸӼˣƺǸӼҪ
ҲǸϼ룬ţͻȻֶǽƺڶһ㶣ѵлأǽôᶯ
һ顰ǽƤͻȻûеϣǺҷһɶ硣һ㶣ѵղŹεľȻǡǽƤ
ȥǷɹǽƤ뿴ǵʲôʱ򣬺авãһ
ʱѾܺĹˡֻе󱳱ݺݵײһ£ҸеһϢҲǰȥ
ǰǽƤҲɵˡҺľ벻ףҿǿǾЩӣֻǳɫǽΪһ壬ǿѡ
УǿƺʹӶеġҫʡݺݵǰĴӴȥ
ֻӣһս͵ڿз˸ƤϵҷɹаϲӸϸܡ
ǻ谵Ужһ¹âǺĹâҿˣǴϳżĿǽĹ󣬾ǿģļѾ׼ҵĲӡ
֮ʵ̫ˣҿǿʱѾûжܵˣһаУˡ
ǧһ֮ʣһӰӵϴ˳һڵдӵͷϣԭ׼ҵĿһӱˣҵĲӷ˳ȥҵĲһǱƤ
˵ǺڵһĶǡͷһڹؼʱ̣־һ
ڲһѣѪٿǸͷײϵĴӣӰˤڵϹ˼£ɡǡͷ׷ʹ򡣲ǴӷһǴӵĲҧȥ
ʱй硣֪滹һ͵زһеġҫʡݺݵĳȥ
ˣһаһʱɻףղŵЩǻҳЩϵۡһġ³
ǶҲܣҴӰдһ˴СĶڵϷšסģȥڶӵԴϺݺݵֲ˼£ǶӲŲˡ
ϸǶӵͷһĿ쳣ķһѽһֻĴ۾ʱѾҴϡãҿһġ
ʱ򣬡ͷҲֻӸ㶨ˡһҵߣſ۵ͣҡҡҵĿȡǴ룬СһĽ
ҿ˿ͷʵʲô˼йŹ֣ѵϹ棿
ͷƴҡβͣٸңҲ¶ˡһȻֲأôûϹӰӣԭ档ԴԼ̫ôû뵽أ
ҸϽܵϼı˺İ˿˺öǰ˿пӰϸ˺öһĵܸϡ
ͷһҲҧţֻҪڽѪȴҲֻҧһ


һٶʮ ӳӶ
кǽô͵˿û൱ϡ
ǲӼҲŤţƺϹСҲ֪ţż
ͷҧĸˣǸ޼¡
⵱ͻȻע⵽ܵǽ϶ʼҵһﲻֹֻӡǽȫǣж٣޷ҪǶǸ޷ֵ
ֽʱҷ侲ǿѵʱáԽֽʱԽҪ侲ֻ侲ȷжϡҵĴԷٵתţͻȻƳ˵ϵֻӵʬ塣ĹĿҵע⣬ҷļһⲻ
ʬıϣһŲסӵĲӣһץסӵͷһŤһŻĻɫҺ˳
ʱҲܲôˣǳĿܵ˲ӼıڲӼ·ĸȥ
û뵽ԭ͵ĲϼһӵĿȻӭжϡ
һϲٿܵǽϣǽϵĴӶĸЩʱ
ϼӾֻееĿһɣȻѾ̽˲ϼ֮УҴϲ˳Ŵ̽ȥĵطƶ
ŴϼĵײתһȦϼĵײ
ҸϽ׵еĿֽţһĶ˳
ҽסˣǸое㲻ԾĶֻƺǹҺ
һ㶣ָв԰Ϲ·ûˣҺŻӡ
뵽ҸϽڳһֻ֡ѵϵ·ѵĶ·档
Ƕ׵ĵֺᱧסȴ÷Щԡ
ϹȻӲȴݣҲһٽңұסĶԶԶĴ
е㱧ˡ
ҰǶŵϣ·濴ȥ
һһ·аϹȻһֵĴӡ
ӻɫֻͷǺɫģմճҺ˶ġһ£Ǵӵ˵ϡ
ȴ̧ͷǺɫջһ͵ſһɫҺ
ҲҵϽ㿪ɫҺҵȥˣһȳϢ
ǹɫҺ䵽ĵϣϷ˻˻һɹаУգö
Ҳಽǰץҵ·סֻӡֻӾȻ̧ͷһƽУţһ𷢳Ľ
üͷղŵ˵Ǵһƽ֮ЩǽϵĴӣõһ㣬͵ķ
һʱ䶴жĽ֮ҰԽп࣬Ǻá׼͡ͷһܳȥȴǴӼȻڶ
滹жҸϽҡӼĶʱ򣬼ֻѾ˹ĿҲҴ˹ҸϽ㿪ֻͷᵽһײ
ֻҲΪͣӿ
Ҳǣƴҡϼ롣иĴЩѧˣֻһ飬ȻµһܼܵĺըϮֻŲϼȥһ߶㿪Щ͹һòϼֵֻӾҵߣһһƽţ֪ȣָս
ȣָսһﶼǹؼԼ裬ûйȥԸţһ񣬱󱻿һ¡һʹ۵ĵһϵĶ̸еһ֮ʹҵһС
Ҳڵо񣬿ŰЩӣʩչЩӡҿԸеڴϼĶµ»ٶȺкܶճҺסˡ
ûбİ취ֻܲͣػζϼ룬ϣ԰㻬ڼֱӵĿ˺üȻû˼ҪǻʹҶܵٶһҸˡһ뵽ֶѭֻ·һ
ٿߵġͷİСƣЩӺϮõһڵǵĵײڰеĶϡЩʵ̫ˣͷĴֻǱˮн𲻵ʲôʵáõһҵ£ЩӣͺҧһĿҡһ뵽ЩҸеһ⡣
ôϼ뵲һӣ۵ҪҿһƳӴϼ¶˳ҸϽְæȥϼεһͣ¡۵ôеͷǸӣǸӡ
ͷͣһ£һۡһͷֻƴָŵϵĴӡڣͷˡһҧס˰Ŵӵ·ȥ
ͷһЩ̷ңӺ͡ͷ׷ȥ
ͷͷǲСǸұŶѾĴʳӣȴͷ˦˶档ǱˤʹˣƽдһЩί
ͷִܹȥǴӲĽҧס·͵һ˦Ǵֱӵ˦һЩӵĽˡ
ЩӣҲ˳ӵĽԭҽģ׷׵ңȥȥ򡰲ͷֻӡһʱ䣬ԭۼĶӣɵ档ֻʣۡ
ķɶ꣬ͷɳȣЩӷͷһڴӵıϣЩӸκβˡͷͷһĵŴӣβҽСһ׼ᣬͳڣϮЩӡ
ͷֱԼҲֵǣסЩӡЩӵĸ屾ͺܴڶԸ񡰲ͷСӵĶ໥ǣãһˣһѲ졣ԡͷʱһһġһһͷһԲ
û˴ӵĹ֪еһӶһɣ㵹ڵϡڻʹϾѹ
ڻǻԵʱҵþѲϼĶ
Ͻֶֻ˲ϼ뵱УĶаǧǧһҪϹһҪûµϹɱʲôĳӡ
ҰĶ˳һȻϹֻʱ۽գ˿մճҺôҾȳϹְϹϵճҺĺͨŰϹ˱ϡǱ߻ںЩӾġͷһڣеͷܡܡ
øͷҵкվһ˰еĶӣЩӷ׷ڿд˸Ǵ³˴ڴڵɫҺ壬ԼϣǼ·˲ͱڻˡҲĶֱ죬Դˡ
ͷյɱһ˶ڣӳ졣


һٶʮһ 
ܳ˶ڣҲҵ飬棬ҹ㱱ɿûȥϽšͷɱص˺㱱ɷֿĵط
Ȼ㱱ɻߵʱ֪վһߡ
ˣϽеֵܣɻˡ㿴λôˣ
ҸϽϹܵ㱱ɵߡҡ˼£㱱ɲĵתĿ˿ʵ¬ôȵ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷˣڻԣô
㱱ǿЦЦûʲô£ǾúۡǾȲЩͽˡ¬ҵĿڴҩţһţιһš
аû뵽㱱أҩûˡ
ҸϽĿڴҵҩһָϹһš
Ƭ̣㱱ɾֱ壬۾ָԣһֵӡ۾
һߵϹҲĵת˿ңл˵ϡǼˡ
һϹûʲô£ҲϹһճҺüͷ˵ʲôöġ
ûʱ㱱һ˵ûʲôܶģھС㣬ǿߡ
һ㶣ͽô죿
㱱ҡҡͷûʱˡһ취ɣȳȥ˵ŻһӾ͵ҹʮˣʱſˣǾͻᱻ̽䡣ҺпֲİǵǸûʱȥôˡ߰ɡ
һȻвܣҲ֪㱱˵öԣһܳپܶ١
תһʵôԶ·һӸ޷ȥɣ
㱱ɺǺһЦѾˣǸҺ͡ͷս󡯵һ㣬ۣʱ򡮲ͷаѾȥˡֻһΪǿͨ󡯡
ҵ˵ͷҪ˵ǲԶǿ߰ɡ
˵ţұϹ㱱ͷں棬һȥ
ʱܻصǸڵĶСֻڿϳŵͬʬ壬ǽˣҧͬʬ壬ܵˡ
ҿ˿㱱ɣںδ
㱱һϢȻ˵Ҿȵʵû°ɣ
㱱ҡҡͷͨıɫָšͷ˵ԽпֻҪȥһС
ҿ˿ͷͷŶһԿ֮ǰס˶䣬ûб𵽡
Ȼͷһ֮󣬶гһ㡣㱱һ˷ܣȥ
ͷһΣֱ˹ȥȻߵʧˣֻʣһͷǰצ
㱱һߵҵļ˵¬һҷǸ۷ŴǾͿԳȥˡסһҪץסӺѡǧ֣л䣬ֻҪץסǲµġ
ҵ˵ͷ˿Ϲô𣿡
Ϲ˵ͷץסҵֿ֣˿Ҳ˵ͷץסҡ
Ǳ㱱ָָյҡţ̤šǲȻеģȴ쳣ļᶨҿҲżᶨ
ͻȻ㱱ֻ㵽һָָۣ͵šͷڵȥһͷߵĿһˡ
һڶйϵɰʯۡ㱱ɴеߣߣ
ͷ˳ȥ
㱱ɿҽеʲôûʱ䣬ٲȥͶȥˡ
Ϲߵ֮ǰͷĽеһ߰
㱱ɴĽе̫ˣȥˡǿ߰ɣ
һУңһȥ
㱱ɴʱĿԲиѪ˿𣬺ҪѪţе¬ҪˡҲһҲ御ˡνֻڳһˣ߰ɡˡ
ʱҵȪӿû뵽ոʶõѣҲ֪˵ʲôźá֪㲻ʲôˣȴҵˡĴ磬ҵȺǦһأҵء
ϹҲʧʹޣĽеҪ
㱱ʹ֧ţȴһЦݣЦݱȿ޻ѿҿЦЦݡ㱱ɴһþȫһźݺݵҵƨϡһӵ۵С
ָоͺʮߵ¥ϵûŵأƵȴ񱻼ܿյĸо㱱ɸҵһЦݣֻץסˡ
㱱ɵʣȫǣԼȴԶҼǵ֮ǰ˵ҲȥֲġǵҵĺذĴ󴸺ݺݵĴţʹԸӣΪԼѣ֪ҵ˭ҵиܡ
ɼ䣬һͷǰңٺٵЦôִôЩ˵Ļǣǿˡһصҵһ죬ǳǵ졣ٺ٣Ҷ֪Ӧлл㣬ǳ㡣ҺϲɣǩԼҿκҪ󡣡
һˣһҪ㶷ףȻһ֪ЩΪʲôҼסˡһǺΪһġ
ǹͷĹУ㣡ҶҲ䡣Ҫ˭˵Ǻ档ҪǲԹǩԼߵˣһ㳢˼伲ࡣ
ҧҧҲŹġ
ǹͷЦǰһΣĹͷ͵ҵϺݺݵĿҧ
ҷһת
ҴŴһƬ¹⡣¹УԵضһ档һɬŮɴڶ΢Ц
̣¹ˮˮ磬Ӵ̹ǡˮѾ˺ɫ˵Ѿˡ
ͷ߰ţĿܡҿѹһСһ˵ˣ
ȴûпʲôĶͷ̬Ҳƽ˿
ߵϹûѹеϹϻۡ㱱ɸҵһ΢Цҵ絶ʣֹס
ûнǣվǱְױڵĺ档֪һֻʲôҲ֪ܲһ߳⡰
ʱҺ̣ƽһ±˵ʶİСҵĿտҲ̣ȴһ
һ㶣˳


һٶʮ С
Һ֣ʲôʱڴһϸ룬ں㱱ɷֿ֮ʣ㱱Ĺҵļһʱ㱱Ҫʲô
ҸϽǼ֡Сѡ֣һ㶣ʲô˼ѵ˵㱱ָ
ҿһۻڻԵ۽գȴƤתţȻоʲôµ顣һˣΪʲô㱱ҪС
üͷֿԶġ
ʱġī飬ƽƽ޲һ㱡ˮɢ¹⴩ˮȴ䲻͸ˮһںϺϵӳƺгɱ¹µġԵʮֹ졣ҵĸˡ
㱱ɵҪעʲôܵҲΪѵʶϴһʼȷʵ޷ֱ档
Ҿɫô߳ȥ˵
˺ߣеЩ飬⼸ҷһ⣬ƺǸ޷ֱҡֱҵĻҼҲûˡֻܱǩǷԼ
ڸղŵУ˵ֲġǵҪ硣ЩҪꡣ
ҲǸ޵еʮһˣ䣬˵ĵλΪʲôֻܵǵأڼһʲô⡣
ҿƽġһ󣬿ǻ벻סΪõϻֿ˿ܣ塱һƬܶķݶջˣǸʬĲ֫Ҫûǳ꣬ʲôûˡ
ͻȻһ㱱˵Լ˺ΪʲôûأΪϵĻûôϹΪʲôҲûжأ
룬ϹһֱǸϼУȲӦûΪǸӵʳ
Ǹϼȴ˱ãϹ⾹Ȼǲеҡ
Ҽʱڶеĵϣ㱱ɵĹȻôᰲȻ
ңȥϹʱǶʱ䣬Ǻ㱱ɵһġѵǸʱ㱱ɾͿʲôʲô
㱱ΪʲôûеʱأһҲֻǲĶ֣һʱҴǶ
뵽ҲΪʲôʱѣԶ磬ǸãΪɶôҪǳ
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ҿ˿ֶĲܣҲףΪʲôһǶ߳ˡ
ֶ˵ϴ֮Ǻòҡ㿴ڻǲȫʲôʲôѾûа취ڵˡ
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þȫһߵȥ⿴һִľͷߵĵϡаգһǿ˭Ϯҡ
ҼǣڵϹȦҲſϮҵˡҵģһӳȥ


һٶʮ ҩ
ҵ֮ԳȥΪҿϮҵˣȻ
ʱĿԲҧǺӣʵͽʱһħһϸľзҰһĺС
ҺòվǺ󱳵ľҵϰˡֱֻͦɽŶ㿪Ľ
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ҲŲµˣҾǲ⣬Ϊʲôڡ󡱵ȴûжֻǱЩɫ֭Һġ
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ϪˮУҿᵽϪˮҵϰȴʲôоûС
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һĨҶҸеһľĸо̾ʧˣϰҲĻˡҺǸˡ
Ϲ˵ϰ壬ȥǱϴϴϻЩճҺܡ
ҵ˵ͷȥɣԼСĵ㡣ʹС
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̾˿ߵͷߣ˵Ұϴϴɡͷؿһۡذšͷϴ
ҰͷϴˣϹҲϴˡһˮܽأµˮһʱ俴ôˣûϹô
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ҸϽﰴ辣һ㣬һĢʱ磬Ҳеˡ
ֱԵĹƽڴʯͷϢһ󣬲ǰȥ
ԭЩڡЩƲ㲻ˡɽУһбůģʼģǺеܲˣϵĺϵĳҸеԼе顣
ҴϹ˵Ϣһɣϰ壬ˣǿ
ҵ˵ͷҵһĵطʵҸоϵ˵ҲûʲôͿǰҶ֭ҺöˣϰҲˣж硣Ǿһֲĸо̫ϵʱҶһֺܼᷳĸоҺܲ
Ϣһ˵ǿ߰ɣڻû롮ķΧǻȥȽϺá
Ϲɵĵ˵ͷͷǰ棬ʱĶ飬ֻʣҵЩѹ뵽е벻ף֮϶ˣϸһʲôűǸӵġ
ɽˣһƬ֣ǰɽ·ͺ͡һ룬ͻȻɽϴ졣̧ͷһ󾪣һʯ֪Ϊʲôɽ
ܶʯͷ£ûпԱõĵطǿʯٶȺܿ죬תۼ͵ǵĽǰ


һٶʮ ɱ
ҸϽУСģ
ͷһ̧ۣҲ˴ʯͷվ￴ҡ
֪ͷǿԶ㿪ģϽؽеùǣߡ
˵һץ𷢴Ϲɽȥ
ǺĴʯͷ죬Ϲһȥνµ·ʵ̫ûа취οţѾŵ彩ӲϹ
Ҷź¡ľ죬зٵţһ취Բ
ʱ̣ͻȻƳһһ͹ĴʯͷһᣬһϹ㵽ǿʯͷ֮¡
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ҿŶһеϹѣҸеԼԽԽˡɵġ
ϹҲңСʵûϰ壿
Ҽѵص˵ͷϹ߳˴ʯͷɽȥ
ȻƣȴͣϹңһɽߡ
ôʯͷһǲԼһáһӣͶһΣա
ڸղôʱ̣ҿͷܵġȻҲʶ⣬ܵȥѰʯͷļһˡҺϹҪ·
ϹĲ£ɽڼɽдϹǵģʱҲﲻæֻҧӿ첽
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ǿܹͦȥ˿ͷûµ˿ڣ֮Ҳֲ֧סˣһӵˡͷߡ
ɼ䣬ҿһƵĶ˵װģôҴ绰ҲãҵȵĺļҺõ㡣
ҵֻڡˮˣûа취ǲ֪ΪʲôҾ˵
żʱͻȻֳˣԭúõұϴǺЦݡ
ͻȻͷĹܵ˴ϵߣҵĶֻһЦĳڴϵϻ
ҵĸһУҪȴһһߵĵҲǻʧɫȵĿŴϡ
ϵҵǰͷ­䵽˵ϣȴûпѪ
ϵͷ­һֱҵߣЦſҡ˵ţû£û¡ȥˣȥ㲻õĸǣ
ҺѴϵͷ­ҵֺֻͲҵģҲˡ
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ʱһߵĵҲˣһ߿ţһָң㿴㣬Ϊ㣬ûˣ˵ô죿ǹЦôʧȥߵ˵ζôžʱһϣĳ˹¼ҹˣҿô죿
ҺޣҺԼ޹һҪһǧһ򱶵Ĵۡ
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Ϲ˵ҲͲͷе飬еĻŻŵģ˵߰ɣǿ߰ɡ
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ͷҲ˵ʲô̾˿ʰ˵ϵĲƬ˿ֲƬ⸽Ĵ񶼻ᴩģǿšͷıͶҲһʶʮа˾ž
ҵһڣ˵طӦǳˡķΧһŪǵˡԲաӰġ
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ԺӵУһ֧̣ЩꡣϹû˵ʲôͷĬĬŷ
ҿ˿㱱µĶǾ߸ʬˣǸͽˡ̾˿ҵĳڣϳҵ˱õֻ绰ֻûźš
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Ϲ˵ơڲţ˿ҵĺ󱳣һϰ壬ˣ涼Ѫˡ
Ҹûʲôоûһ۵ĸоֻǸеϹ˿ҵһֽþˮմʪˡҵıϣһĸоϾûôˡǵëڱˣĸоˡϹϽȥͶëٸҷϡ
֪ʲôʱ˯ˡгֵĶǡ޵ݣ㱱ЦݡԺʱѾˡ
Ϲߣǽڴһ˹ץֽҪȥͶˮ
ҸϽסںڵȦѪ˿˫ۡǸж˵Ѿ÷ˡϢһ
Ϲҡҡͷǻǿ߰ɣҲȥҿʦ취
˵˿ȷȥˡ
ұ˵ʲôһҲԣ벻ܵ˵ͣһ죬ͶһΣաȥ
֣ҵĺĲˡ֪ϹľˮãΪǰԵʡ
Ҳ׼뿪ط


һٶʮ ɲʧ
Ҵҳ˷ҵ⿪ȥߵڵʱעΧɽϣȻкܶ̽ͷ̽ԡӦЩе㲻ףΪʲôĴôĹΪˡ
˱ͷҺϹ鶼Щһ·һӣϹȻ˯ȥġͷҲϢı۾
ҿ˿ϹΪչңӦһҹû˯ڡͷǼһһǸӣû̴ʱһӡ
ɽ·УСĵļʻߡֱɽҲͣסϢһ˳һ֧̣ͳֻֻûźš룬ͳˡҫʡڳϣ䡣ҿɲϴһųתδȻ
ҳ̣˼ʻϹ˯˯Уϸü΢΢ţƺҲھʲôĵ顣
̾˿Щ飬جΣҪһӡ
ҡҡͷ¿ȥƹ·ҸоеˣزһɲɲûʲôЧҼӴЩȣûʲôáƣмӴЩȣȸеһ£ɲصʧˡ
Ѿ´תɽ·ϣɲʧһµ顣ҸϽԼ侲в˼ɲȷɲȷʵˡϽɲϣɲáɲҲʧˡ
ȻٲţڹԵԭ򣬳бµ·ԽԽ졣ǰһת䣬ҸϽо񣬺Хת䣬ڳ̫죬·ߵʯͷӶѹˣ䵽ɽµ¡
ת䣬Ѿһ亹ܹרҵѵԼĳϤȻĻ¾Ѿɳ·棬ɽˡ֪ǰ·ϣΣӵٶȻԽԽ죬һм
Ѿûа취ƳˣֻԽߣΣվԽСҿԱֵƽأӾͻͣ
ҧҧס˷̡ͬʱϹ
ϹҾѣɵĿΧͻȻеٺܿ죬ʵϰ壬ôˣô죿
ҽǰ·˵ɲˣͣҪãҶ
Ϲҷɿȥľʶ̬أΣաϽֱ壬ֽİס˳İ֡
һֱԺءͷҲվһ죬ҧס˸ʻλϵĳ档
һת䡣ٹ죬İ̽˳ȥֻص˵·ϡһۿǰǵڶת䡣
УҶԼ˵ԽԽ죬ղǸתѾǿת䣬ôˡתһ׵ɽ档һҪ취ͳ١
ҿ˿ǲƽɽ±ڣ˰취Ϲ͡ͷеˣˡҪˡ
Ϲҵ˵ͷһ򣬳ɽǱ߿˹ȥ
ĳͷ䵽ɽϣһܻ𻯣һЩиˣкáҲ̫ɽ£𷭳ֻһһĿȥһЩİס̣óʧȥƽ⡣
Ϲ۾ȥҸеˮѾ͸ҵĺ󱳡
ڶǰҵĳٽһЩ˵ڶ䡣һǴ˵ڶأǰ治Զе䡣
ʱѾתɽһͷұ±ˡ
«ұߵĳͷ±ڣұ߳ͷִһ𻨣Ϲɫɷף˫ա
˲٣ѾŵߴĽζոҲһеȥҲ֪⳵ͦá
˳Ĺ˵䣬ǰ·ȻխҲƽ̹һЩûô¶ȡࡣ
ҧҧһ֣ײһߵ±ϣҺͺһӶ˳ҵײϣȻۣһһ
ôͣסˡûз䵽ɽ档Ǻ¡
ڼʻϣ˶ײʹٿϹ͡ͷû¡ҿЦһ߰ɣǵĴ߲ˡ
ϹҲƺ˿һֽٺĸоЦЦ³˵û£Ȼȥˣһõģϰ壡
ЦЦ˵Ȼţô˵ҲнٸҵĴţҵҲʲôЦЦðҲ뻻ˡʣµ·ҪԼˡҪҹߵˡ
ϹЦЦ˻װͷĿڴͲˡǻҪЩ·ϵˡ
ҡҡͷܶ鶼ڵģҲµģġ˵ҺɽϣǸΡ˵ǻҪȥкܶҪ
ЩҪߣͻȻһâڱĸоڿǡ͵Ȼͷɽȥ
ȻɽӨӨɫһһ۾ɫпһ˫ڰ׷۾˫۾Щĺ⡣һзΪ˫۾ģڿҡö񶾵ڿңҲΪʲôҪҡ
ڿҲ壬ɫ¶壬һЦָ°Ȼһ£ǡȥĶ
ͻȻˣҵĳɲʧ飬Բ⣬һﵺĹǰߣһҪݵģļңһŹǵġе㲻
ʱϹѾǰ棬һվʵϰ壬߰
һعЦЦŶϽϹ
ҿߵÿЩͷҲû⡣ϹУֻһͨŮӣǼֲϢϵǰš֪ҵˣҲ˵ʲôֻܲͣǰߡ
ڣڰҹʱǵݣȻѾôˣݻǿԿĵƻǵƻеůůеӵص˼һ㡣
ǵȻûȥңֱӵϹĴһǿļС
һǿû˯Ͻ˳һǣǸˡΪȽŲãˤˣҺϹĵġ
ſˣһǿһ´ǣ˵ǻðɣֿ˿ңϵ˴üͷʲôˣ
ҰŹغãԡͷ˵þɡͷ˵ͷԺӵһſˣֻ䣬һģĴתš
һǿԺӵʯʱˣʵ˵˵ӣʲô
һ˵ǸЩ˵ĺۼһֱ˱ͷڱͷɽϣҵǵʬ壬ˡ
һݺᣬ˵Ҿ֪ģҾ֪
ʵǺأ
ҳ˵Ҿ͸ĺۼһֱˡ塯
һǿһ󾪣ǣǽˡ塯
ҵ˵ͷ֮鶼һǿ


һٶʮ һ
һǿ˰Ρ߶ţˣˣôˡԭ˵ġ
ҿ˿һǿʵ˵ʲô˵
һǿ̧ͷûǵ۾˿ң˵ǰ˵ˡ˵ǸǸšֱͨǸͨĵǵеײ㣬ҲǴ˵УֲġǵǵǸǸΪ䷴ѣȨûгɹŻᱻ⵽ǵġȻǸ⵽ˡǵҲû˭ܹԸΪս񡣱ܹǸ䣬ֻҪռ㹻꣬Ϳ·硣Ϊס
һ㶣û뵽һǿ˵Ĵ˵Ȼ֪Ĳ࣬׷ʵ˼ң˵Ǵģ
һǿ˵Ҫ˵ˣ費Ǹͨˣһ˫ۣͨԿǿĶҲԺǽ
ҺϹһ㶣û뵽ϹһҲȻҲΪǲĿ⣬һǿ˵ҲûʲôǵļÿһУһˣһĸˡһǸˣܶĹ궼屾ͺټϾЩԽвһһˣܵǴ仧ˡ˳þ񣬶Ҳܸɣһȥͺһĺˣ˾ĸףΰ
Ϲ˵ͷһǿ˵Щ£Щôһȥ嶼Ÿˡ
ҴһǿĻôǻʲôô
һǿ̾˿ܶһĵĶЩԩģġϣһĿ԰ǵǵļˣЩҪĸֻϣԸյֽǮĺһ㡣кܶĸǴߵģλãǾͿԵõһʲƸʱǼжΰȥЩƣǵȻһЩ
ҵ˵ͷ͡塱ЩࡣϹĸײûʲô캦顣
һǿ˵ǵᣬڻƵĵƹ£ǲƵֳ˵į֪֮һûʲô飬ģûʲôý
˼˵һ꣬һĻǶܸˣ֮ǰһͻȻ˵ҲˣӲԶɫˡ˴򣬿ǴҲʲôëһ˾˵һһײаˣһǼĹ̫ˣӰ졣ҺΰܵԶĵطҵʿæ
һ㶣ôʿѵʿ͵ڡ塱ͬˡ
һǿ˵˵ʿҲǸǿǼңһĻ˼ͺˡָлЩʿǮЩʿȴҪ˵ЩǮմòáǣһմȾȻ޽Ҳβˡǵļҵŵܣ˷䣬͡ơЩͲܿˡЩʿûùٽһĵһҲ˳ǹ꣬ее㲻ˣΪûһָǮˣжǣһ°ꡣʼôҲͬģЩĥӲݣΰҲ˵ˣϾҲܾûǮˡһֿʼЩ꣬ȻҸƣһȥˣǮˣһҲûʲô顣ֶˡͻȻһ죬һһġһ˵ʱ򣬾˺صˣһţϣһܹĸˣҵ˵æ˵֮ͻɢˡȻûǮգһĻҰŽʿҲǿ취ǵͰŴˣݴžǶûе£Ͼ飬ûʲôϵûǮաԵ˼죬һͻȻͲˣʱһźˣȥǸطʿΰڼչһġҵʿȴڼң˵ǳȥˣʮ죬ʿŻˣǷţҲӦһĽӴ꣬һһûˣҺ˵˵ŰЩʿ˻û˵һĵجġʱֻ롣
Ϲ֪ĸôģѹһǿض˵ǣҪǲΪǮٽӴЩͲˡ
̾˿ʵ赽ôģ
һǿ̾˿˲۽˵˵ʵҲûпΪһʱѾˡ϶˵һĺ֣û˺ۣǶӹĹĵģһĶˡԭǰһ컹úõû£ǵڶһͱǸӣҲû˺ۣ˰ɣ
һ㣬аԡ˵еǴ̡еѵϹ边ȻҲǱģܣΪϹǷţȻҪģǼȻˡǴ̡ôһǩԼģѵϹҲոߵǩԼꣿ
ҿ˿ϹϹҲڿңҲ뵽˺һ⣬ƺѶҡ΢΢ҡҡͷʾȲҪ˵
ʵǺأôˣǼҵЩ˶ȥˣ
һǿ̾˿飬͸˸еˡһûãе˶ˡΪȻһˣһõ˸Ķϣǿƽ֡һۣôҲУһҲ˵ǲһҶռ֮ǿʼǿΰһҹ˳ȥҲοҪˣ˵֪ȴ϶ǰˡ϶ƢȽϱͺǴȺŹԼ˴Ĳɿ϶ҲˣҵҲʱ򱻴ȳġҵҲʱġҲ˺üˣߵߣܵܡһ壬ʣһ
һǿ̾ϢҵҲһֵĸоǮʲôһСŮôĿᡣǸûۣû˺ǻСŮ뵽ԼȻĶô֣ŮӺúõȻϰڵҡŪ˰
Ϲüͷţ֪Щʲôܾòվȥȥ
һǿҪվ˵Щʲôסһǿҡҡͷ˵һɣ̫ˣҪʱܡ
һǿ˿ңŻĵ˵ͷҲ˳˼УкܶҪ˳ǷţûᵽôǸʲôأ
ڷռ꣬˵ûз硣Ҳ˵ҪԸҪĻҪҵչߣֹչꡣ
ţҵıֿʼ


һٶʮ ѵ
Ϲܿ˷һǿѾԹˣһ߿ǳԷڱпʼֲϹ֪ΪҵġֻǿšҸеʳ֪ζ
ϹҲ£룬ʱķҲǺһʳ֪ζ
ֻСͷͷƺʲôǶ˵⡣
һǿǣ̾˿˵Ҳô˵ֻǳ飬ȥѰǵĴ񣬶úõĻˡ
ҷ룬˿һǿ˵ŶǵǺܺãں⡣ְһ·Ϯǵ飬˵һ顣
һǿ󾪣ôСǸͦˣеʱϲ˵˵󻰣˻ʵġôô֣
ҵ˵ͷ֮ǰҲסҡҲǸˣνȥҲΪһڡʲô£ʲôŻҲͷ۵ġ
һǿ˿ҡҼ˵Ǹˣһðһ㡣ӣҲĶ֣ȴǿ˵
һǿ˵ͷȷʵǸ⡣ҡ
һǿͻȻ˵ˣŴͣŶ档ļңҸϽͷļкûʲôһƬڡ
ͷҲվˣȻûпŶ棬ĶѾŤ˶档Ȼʲô
һǿʲôˣ
һǿ˵Ҳȷղź񿴵ϸйһ£һûˡ֪ǲۻˣ
ҿ˿ͷ֪һһǿۻˡϡͷȥ
ҵĴţûŶ롣ȻںڰУҲ·Ժдһûʲô
ͷûǰԺֱͣӹݣԺȥҸϽˡͷ
ԺһƬׯڵأںԺֲģѾ˻ˡڰǲʲôֻϤϤ
ҳˡҫʡСĵĸڡͷĺ档׵أһֱߵԺǽıϡͷͣסˡ
ҿһֻûͷļǽߡȻڲϵĳ鴤ûɾѪǣǽ϶Ѫ㡣ϤϤֻȵѾûʲôˡ
ϸĿ˿ӵĶϿڣӡⲻèһĶģΪ˺ʳҪļӡӡ
סˣӦ˵ӡѵһ˻ҧͷһģ˭顣Ҫʲô
ٿֻͻȻˡȻϺǽ϶罦Ѫ㣬һֻѪԶԶֹЩ
Ǿҧ˼ͷںȼѪҼеġԶĵطͷȻ
ͻȻͷдܻ׵أҸϣʵǰ£ͷܵúܿ졣һӾͰ˦ˡ
ֻǰԺ˴򶷡ϽӿٶȡҵǰԺʱֻͷһѪ˶š
ϸһǸʱ϶˺ۣ۾ֵĿšͷѪǲѪ
Ҵʵϸ磬㵽Ҫʲô
˿ңİͶ񶾵ġǲû˵
ʵֻǲҧģôȼѪ
ңƺѹͲʶҡҪ˵ͻȻҺ͡ͷ˦һʲôǸϽ㿪
ЩģȻǼĽٿѾԾǽͷǽͷһˡ
Ȼֻһؿõ·棬ȻһһĶǷǸͷǸͷѵѾչߣ
һۡҲвжΣԴöָʵǲӦôǮ
Ĺ򣬡ͷѾ׷ȥˡҲֻøȥû뵽ͷ˻Ϊʲôͷ׷ˣѵ׷
ͻȻԼһСǴһǿǱߴġһѵǵɽ֮ơҸϽһǿķȥ
ԭУһǿڵϣϹڷ
ҸϽ߹ȥһǿʵôˣ
Ϲ˵˲ǣվǱ߿Сˤˡ
˿ԭֻ
һǿ˵ϣԼȣ˵ûá˵ͷ̧ͷҵǱôˣ
һǿߣ˵ˡһǿüͷһ壺ϸˣأ
ҰѸղŵ˵һ飬һǿʵϸôˣҡҡͷҲ֪ҿʮа˾Ѿ˹צ֪᲻Ա˲˵̾˿һ̡֧
һǿ˿ңҵļ򣺡֪ӡﲻΪϸΪűġ
ҿһǿ˵ͷǰҪǲôǮͲȥЩˡһ͸˵Ҳᡭ
һǿҡҡͷǵģⲻ㡣㲻˵̰֡˵Լȣ亦ģ֪ΪЩνĲƸʧȥԼ׵ˣʲôֵϧģһʱŪֻʧȥˣŻ֪
ҿ˿һǿиеһЩʵһǿ˵Ĳ˵̰ſȦףôΪ˽Ǯꡣ飬Ѿǲתˡùͷ뿪ͻͳ´ˮһԵֻʬ⣬㲻ˣ㲻ϣҵǸʵϸѾˡ
סһǿ˵˼ңһ߰ɣﲻȫ»Σǡ
һǿЦҡҡͷˣˡһˣ룬οҲṵ̂ΣҵģһϹͷˣ
ϹҲȰţʧҲͬ⡣֪Ȱˡֻܴͷ
ǷţʵʱǷţʿأ
һǿҡҡͷҲ֪ҸǣŵʲôطҾͲ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷ¿쵱ʱҲ֪ŵĴڣȻ᲻֪顣
һϢˡڴϣҿֻźšϲ񣬸Ͻͨ˵ĵ绰ǵ绰ͨˣ˺ܾãû˽
ƣһֲõԤͷͬʱ뵽ǸξиӷҡһңҵıֿʼԽԽԽԽԼֹֻڴϲ
ʱϹŽˣ֪ĺһſ¡
Ѿûѡˣκ˿ڵʹܡѾڵĽƣˡԹԵſڿϡϹǱֽʱָо̫ˣһӶ


һٶʮ ؼ
ϵĲôˣҵҲžֻǵĵ绰ʼû˽ӡ
Ϲڴ绰ʵϰ壬ڸ˭绰ǲ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǰǵ绰ͨû˽ӣ֪Ϊʲô
Ϲ˵ϸ绰һԣ
һﾪˣղִ̫ˡЦЦ˵԰㿴ֻŸ绰
˵ţֲͨ˴ϵĵ绰û뵽ȻһģҲǽͨˣû˽ӡһеסˡһҲôûأ
ϹңʵôˣϸҲӵ绰𣿡ҵ˵ͷǰһǽͨû˽ӡ
Ϲʵżƽʱ㲻ģ
̾˿ɽθϹȻ˵Щξ޷ȷǼ٣ĵľǹߵ֡Ҫǳʲô¿Ǻá
Ϲ˵ǳˣҲﲻǡŴϺԱôǿƣģЩʲô궼Ӳģйֶʲôµġ
֪ϹڰοңҲòϹ˵еżҲûá𲻵ʲôãֻпȥ;
Ϲ˵Ҳϸʲô񣬲ӵ绰߸ɴû绰һǻġ
ɻǳģֻԼǾȥˣû绰ѣԼԼ
뵽˿һһϮ֮ҳеƣͣˣһӾ˯ˡ
һ˯۾ȴû˯֮⣬ǸۡһҹͶһ
ҿһۣϹǽ˯㡣ϹɻȻûô˯ʵǺˡ
ûдϹ˯ţ߳˷䡣ߵԺ档
ģɹ˵⣬Ѿˡ
첲ȣоɲ١ʱһǿһȳһյĴ˳ЦЦô˯ú𣿡Цŵ˵ͷܺá
һǿҵķһۣû𣿰㶼ˣô˯ȥɲá
ҸϽֹˣ˯ɣżҰϵĶһȾˡ
һǿЦЦããϴɡ˵תȥһ룬ͻȻֻͷ˵ҿɸ㣬Ů˾ӦܱͣԼ˻˯أӦ緹ġŮ˸ġɲ˵߽꣬˳
һ£֪ˣϹҵķæһޣһΪֹϵҿЦҡҡͷҲûбҪȥ͡ȥϴˡ
緹ˣϹų˷䣬ֻ۾ɺͮͮĲѪ˿
һǿһϹ˵Էɡ㿴˼Ҷˣ㻹˯ɲаˆµ˵һѡ
ϹҲ֪һǿǵĹϵһۡҡҡͷʾýˡԸ˵˵˵ɡ
߶Уǳ˹緹һεԼˣ˻ǲԸ뿪ֻԼ·ˡ
û˳ֻܲСֻҪߵ·ϣǾҵˡ
ĺã̫͹ϡеöˡϹûϢãҡҡλεġüΣ㱻ʯͷ
ֻϢһ£ҿ˿Ϲɫ԰ףӣʵô
Ϲ˼ˮǿЦЦû¡Լ֡
ҿ˿ǰŴ壬ŵģҲǹǺ֮ǰǱߵ·ϡֻȥˡ
ҵֻֻ֧̣ûźˡҡҡͷֻ
ϢһϹ˵߰ɡҿ˿ϹӺöˡŵ˵ͷ·ˡ
һֱɽ·ԽԽƽ̹ˡҵɽ䱸ţҲ֪ǲǸ˳ΪʲôȼѪһֱƵġ
룬ڡҿŹͷˡһǸ̯̫̫һǳϺо
ǶչߣҽҪ취ҵǣǡֻǣܶ˹צ
ʱߵ˹·ϡǶѾƣˡڣҵһҪȥǵĳУ˾һЩǮҲֵǣҹұȥ
ʵ̫ˣ˳ʱҺϹ˯ˡ
һֱʱ֣Ҳ۾ֳоǰ棬ͣڳϲ˾ˣ˵磬ʵǲ˼ֻ㵽ôýǣǴɡҲ
˾Ǹˣʵ͵ˣ˯ûĽǡҽϹŲͷ˳һ⳵ص˼С
һɣûϹϽ˵绰ù˾ҵ绰
ڣ绰ͨˡ洫ƣãλ֪绰롣ҽеҰһˡ
һ˷װģˡһ绰ͨҪˡҪҾ͹ȥˡǻˣô
һӷˡ˵ԣеС鷳Ҫȥһ˿ʦһߡ
е㵣ģĲҪ߻ûæ꣬ˣҹȥ㡣ðɣ
ЦЦû£ҲġˣҪȥˣȼϸ˵ɡ
µ绰ҳһô˵ûʲô顣
ϹЦ˵㿴ϰ塣Ҿ˵ûµġһµġ߰ɣͷһȥ㣬ʦ˵Ҫȥ˾һˣ飬ҾͲˣáͷȥɡ
ҵ˵ͷϹ˵ҪСģǸ̫̫ñ㣬ߵˡһҪĵģ󵽻ˡ׶㣬ԼҪСġϹ˵ͷİɣҲٸǻˣúˡ
˳Ϲһȥ
ҿڳϣѷһ飬ţȻ˯ˡֱǰ˾ٽң¬¬
ת˾˼ЦЦԲҲ֪·ǰСӣӦôߣ
һ˻ͷԼһ£ǰ棬ѾСӱˣԿլǰߵ㣬ǿСˡ
Ҷ˾˵Сӣһֱ߾͵ˡ
СɣҴ򿪳ţͷȴ˽ȥǵĸں档վüͷ˵˵Ĳᰡ
ǿЦݣҡҡͷҲûʲôиоۡ
˵ţһ˵ϡ


һʮ 
˾ϽܹͿһҷ˷䵱Сҿſ죬⼸ҵ˵ǿҰ˰֣㻹Ǳ˵ˣЩ
ֻùԹԵرͣóһСǳ̲һĽ룬˵ȸʩȻ˵
ҵĺֻеһϸ΢ĲУȻʲô֪ˡ
Ҳ˶೤ʱ䣬Ҳĵ˹
ҷԼһ棬ûдʱ䶼֪
ڰҷ֣һҵߡϸеɣ۵ĸоѾֻǾһɡһֳζ
ҸվͻȻߵǸ˵ˣǿ𶯣ڻܶϻ룬ϵûŸɾ
ֻ˻ȥŷ֣ûд·ſһ΢΢ȵĴʯͷϣ߻һľͰͰƺʲôǳζǴͰ淢ġ
ûж˵㻹˵ģ֮ǰϻ˻䣬еֻ࣬Ǻڡûнֻ࣬Ƥϡڵ֮ڲܼа֮壬㲻ܳԶ㻹ܵ˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷûµģԾͲû⡣
ЦЦҲãٹҲһУŵڵ඾ҲԼСסˣҪҽ̸ɷʽõĿһЩ
ҵ˵ͷƽʱҲǰַʽģѾϰˡ
Цŵ˵ͷȻǺԣһҪﵽֿϰԵɺҪ꣬ôͿõȻǺԡ
ЦЦͻȻ뵽ŵ顣ʵʦ֪Ƿ𣿡
Ĭһ󣬺ڰҿı飬֪ʲôο˵ǿǷšֻǵʱҲϵΪЩֻһЩ˵ı
׷ʵΪʲôҲ飿
쳤̾˿Ҳǲܡ룬ҵʦܶôȹأʱûǸҾǹҲһҵʦһ
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˵ڵӸˣŶܳȥ˵ôܣǣ̫࣬ҸӲܲ飬ԡ
˵һ£ейϵ׷ʵʲô
ðβſڵԣõİ취
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һͺ֪ʲô˵Ǿν룬ʹûңǲҲһ׷ȥأ
˵ĲҵԸ񣬾ûһ׷ȥô˵Ұȷȷʵʵڰҡе㲻˼ղ
һҶ˵˵Ҳûʲôףͺܺá֪Сͺͱ˲һһ˫ۡһĲΪ㿴˹꣬ǾͲ㡣Ȼ۵˲ܶ˶ԿЩ죬ּΪ⣬ʮʱģʺ޵ġ⿴żȻ飬ʵȴǱȻģǱȻҪġҿҲУԸˡѵ𣿡
ҳĬˣ˵öԡڲôҲ᲻ˡҺ͹֮Ѿ㹻ĳˡȷûżȻ飬żȻ飬ʵǱȻġʵһֱģȻѡңôȻȻҪеЩ顣
һҲ˵˵ҲֻܶԸǸ㿴Զߡ֮ôͿˡ㻹֪ȥΣյĵط֮ǰϻ䣬⻤仭ҲԻڹؼʱ̣һһȫİ㣬ҲֱԹӲܳСǲеġ
ҺΪʲôΪʲôҪΪԼһû˵ڣ˵ˣպȻ֪ңҲ㡣ǣܴкܶණΪġ
̾˿Ȼ㲻Ը˵Ȼǲˡܸܲң㱱ɻô
ҡҡͷ˵ĹѧϰĲڵŹȻаĶҪܶࡣеҪ㣬صö࣬ӦѾ밢ǵˡҪСˡ
ʵҲµˣ˿ĻǺܲһϣҲˡ
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˵ͷ˳ȥ
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ʱˡҸϽʵô˵ûʲôе㵣㣬Ҳû˵ʲôˣ
ʵ˵״̬ô˵еۣӦǼûú˯ˡǹ̫æ˰ɣ
һۣ֪˵ʲôá
Цһ㲻õģûʲô֮ͿԳȥˡ
죬ڰ졣Ҽһ˿⡣һֱߣܶ⣬Ҳһһ˽ֽҺܶණҾȻ԰ҵڻͨˡ
ڼϹʹ϶ңҲܳȥҲûм档ͷһֱ棬Ҳܽҡҳ˺Ϳо˯
Ȼӵڶ쿪ʼҵĶһֱڹ๾ĽУ˵ʵҵоôֻһЩóԵĶͻúܲ˵ĹʵǿԿסģֻҪȥЩһû⡣
ʣµʱҾ˯ˣȻ֪ʱ䣬ҲͲȥˡϵĽҲѾȡˡҲҺˣǹɳζҲûˡ֪Լϵ඾ҲĲˡ
ֱߵҵߣң߰ɣûˣ
һ·ſ˳ȥ
߳ȥʱҲŷ֡һֱڵľȻһҡȥžڿڵС


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Ҷ壬ͷͷ˿ͷϣҲõòˣֻϱյëûгȫһһëеЦ
ʯϣ¹Ժ棬һжһɫܾˣƺһỮҹɫԺһҹĻζš涵ӰӡСԺС
лһԴСʱ򣬿˳лһµСɰɰݸң˵δʳ̫ܳĶοﻹûСֻһ㳢ɣһЩҩģ档
ҽӹ࣬һڡȻޱȵʤ˼еʳȻ嵥ȴŴһ˵УɿУͨʳθУ嶼ܵһǰδеС
һߵĿ쿴ʵôó𣿡ҵ˵ͷóԣûԹ˼ζΪʲôôóأ
ЦЦǼࡣֻľͬѡ򵥵ģõġ
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ЦЦİ취Ͱȥ
ҵ˵ͷǡǧˮзһ˶Ը䷽㡣ֻҪӦúҵУǻҪйͷˡҸоӦûǶҪС
ϵ˵ͷ߳绰ȥˡ
ҵĴһڣ˵ҪСĲǡҸоĵˣʵ̫Ʈ졣̫а졣ʲôжУ㿴㣬ʲôԼСһǵ
ôһףѾûǡκˡ˵ŵĵҵĻиۡ˵ûµġĲԶԸˡ㿴ڻʲô¶ûУпʦܣİɣ
ĿҵĻĦҵͷ˵ǲ֪Ϊʲôǻᵣġǲһмͬ־һԡֻһˡҺ㣬ֲ֪ô㡣Ծ͸㡣
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ʱŽˣЦ˵զˣȲˣ
ֻǿ˿ϣûŲ塣Ц˵ǹ̸ʲôġҿĽʡްɣ


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һֱҼſڣ̧ͷĶ˵װģһʱáȥΰɣݡЦЦðųĺǡ
ҵĿңʡͻȻ§סҵĲӣ˫ӡҵ촽֮ϡ
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ҶϹ˵ţĻҷĶˡû¾ͺãҴ绰Ϲ˵ٸ绰룬Ժʹ绰һҵҡҰϹĵ绰ǵ˵绰档
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ﲻǺʺϡͷһƽʱúſҪ֪жôͣΪһֻ
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Цŵ˵ͷ԰˽Ѽһ£ָһԿףǰѡͷ˵һ£ԲҪáͷ
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˿ңڵ˵ͷ˸Ҵ绰ܶҴ绰ҵ˵ͷڹֵſ˳һ˿ųҵķȥ
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룬·ߵһұſͣ˳߽꣬װҪҿǸҲͣ˳˳һΣȻˡ
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ʱҲſֻ֣Ȼֺݣһ㡣һһﵽʲô
ûе飬ҫʡһתֻϡǹֺ񴥵һˡҸһ̧ȣ˹ȥ
Ǹһһƿ˳šҪ³ߡôѣеġҫʡһΣǸһĲӺ档
ǼһһҽУץ


 ҹ
һȭֶֻ֡еĸ˿һ֣˿ϡ
Ǽһﺿһһץ˹еġҫʡһ㣬һֻϵĸ˿͵زסһֻ֣͵һ˿Ǽһֶֻ˿סˡ
ǼһҵţԽϵĸ˿յԽϸϸĸ˿Ѿ뵽ǼһУȴûѪ
һ˿Ǹ˫˹һѹסһȭǸһĹϡǼһﱻģȥһҽС
Ѹٵֱͦ壬ȼס˫ֻ֣ϣһȭǼһϡֵǼһȴûһѪǼһƺҲܲˡͷţٶˡ
ˡҫʡѸ˿յøְǼһֻҲסˡ˦Ҵ˳ĵƹ⣬ſµϸĿ˿ŷ֣ԭǸӵģǲһߡߣ֪ʲôʵģǺ沿Ҳϵĺܽ
Ҷ˺ߣһѪ۵ҵǰٿ˫֣ҲԭӣҲǴźߵĲһסʱҵֻ
ҽ绰ϵ˳ʲôأҸո£ҳҹɣ
ЦЦðҪңҾǾﲻԶıſڡɡ
˵õģϵ
վڳ⣬һ̡֧̻ûг꣬Ͼ˹ڳ̣˵СӣϵĲؼңʲôأǲǵҳҹ
Һһ֪ԣҹҪһˡ
Ͽһۣôˣʲô£
̾˿Сû˵ҰҺ͡ͷʹҼҳ˸ٵ˵һ顣
Ҳܾȣͷû°ɣҡҡͷû£СˡϺһ˭㡣ô㶼Ҹ٣
ָָҵĳأղųҽ˱꣬ҵĳϮҡҲĵҪû´ĻһǸɱ֣Ҫġ
ϵһۣǰɣˣ㻹졣˵ܵ˳ǰһ˳š
Ǽһɱ۾ӻڻԡͳСˡ֮ҡҡͷҹҲҪƴˡ
ЦЦڲż㣬߰ɡСӵΪʲôҪҵġ
ϵ˵ͷǸһˡ˳һֱ˹֡
Һʹϴһ˻صҲӭʵǸˣ
ҵ˵ͷ϶Ե˵׼ѶңҪһˡ
˵ͷõģ
ѶУǸһߡҺʹϻеӵĺ档һյ̨ƣǸ˵ϡ
۾ǣʵ˭
ʱѾˣѪۣе¡һ˵ʲô
ϺһŰΪʲôҪɱ˵ָָҡ
ɲ˵ҵ񣬺ҪҳԵʵ˭ģɲ˵
Ͽ˿ң˵һǲ˵ˡҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҳ֪Щ˶ͽյһǲ˵ġҵ˵ͷ
߳ѶҡϽб˼ˣƣͺըҳ˾֡
Һһ£͸Ŵ˳ȥҿŴЦЦǰɣΪ˳Ըҹôżɣ
ЦЦˣȻڣе㲻Ϲأ֪ġ
ҵ˵ͷȻҲΥ涨о˼Ϣҡ
ϺٺٵЦˣ˳ô֪Ϣ㣿ҵظһ֧̣̫˽ˣҪҹȻ˵ɣ֪ʲôˣ
˵Ҹˣһֱ˳ҷڳһƷĹĲֿ⡣浽ʲôһҺ񿴵иˮסֻ濴˿ûнȥ´ݾߡ
ҵ˵ͷˣ㲻װľǡǧˮǧҪݾߡҲǸˣǸҲһҵǡ
ЦЦȻѾﶢˣ״ݾߵġǲҸȥǲǶ
ҵ˵ͷҲãǳȥ֮ȥҪȷ߿˲С
˵䣬ѾһꡣһĹӣڱҲһĵطˡ
Ͽ˿ЦˣСǮ֮󣬾ǲһˡĹӡҪǳԲˣҪ𡣡
ЦЦҲûʲôˣ˾ϻˣ߰ɡ
ʹϳԹҹصҵʱѾʮˡͣ³ŵơһѵˣҺƣ³ûб˶ĺۼ
Ҵ˴ţȥӵҲˡҲûʲô˶ĺۼ
˽ȥϹӭ˳ϰ壬ˣ
һ㶣ôˣôϹ˵԰̺˵ˡͷ飬ҵġͷԹһֱڿᣬֻôˡû°ɣ
ЦЦûʲô£ͷΪ˾ˡղץһɱҵɱ֪֡ķɹġѾ͵ˣûй
Ϲ˿ң޵ĵ˵ϰ壬ҪСĵ㡣ҲںЦЦ˵ҲµģôǸ̫̫ûٹ鷳
ϹҡҡͷûʲôѾںˣ㾭ô飬ζʲôµأҵ˵ͷǰľĿʲôˡô쿪𣿡
Ϲҡҡͷеۣеġûʱ֡˵Ǿ;棬ԳԷɣ
Ϲ˵Ҳ밡ڸսֹ˾ܶҶסҪѧĶֻܶ࣬ýڲ׾ˣùÿľ˯
ҿ˿Ϲϴƣɫ˵˼ţҲšûôùԼҲҪأȥϢɣ㣿
Ϲҡҡͷˣ˾ͳ档ˣҵ绰ɣҵ˵ͷһֱϹԺӿ˳ҲŻص˷
˯ţ˰칫ң˴ϣһ֧̣һ顣һ죬Ϯͷˡ
ҵһɱ֣ҿԿ϶ҪҵġǣͻȻҾ͹ַͬҾùҪĲҵҵꡣ
ǸɱȻװŪĴߺףַʵֱ̫ˣϵĳҵֱ̫ӡԣԲǹַѵбҪҵ
ֻ˭أһȦҲ벻Һ˭ҲôĹڡϨ̣վתתȥġ
ͻȻǡͷȻǡͷˣҴУһóͷһǷʲôˡ


 ׷ɱ
ҵǽŵģһѾϮѵеΣˡͷ졣񵯻һɳе˳ȥ
еġͷ֧ƺҪվҸϽеͷ𶯣ˣʲô飬
ͷȥ۾Ŵŵĵط˳šͷķǱ߿ȥŽţûʲôȻͷķӦһʲô
ȥͻȻһ͸˹Ҵ˸һаУԾôô硣ɭɭģƽ޹ʵĴһж˽
ܿȥҸоƺжڻζȴСҸϽͳˡҫʡܵǰڴϻһ
ٻͷʱһӰվҵյƮţһͷסɣһ꣬ģҵ˿һ꣬Ӧûʲô⡣ЩΣա
áҫʡָָǸ꣺ҪʲôŅ̀ͷһŲ԰׵ģһ˫Ѫ۾ҵǰ۾˿ң˵Ŀüң
ҺһΪ뿴⸱ӣʲôŻң㻹ʡʡɡǸŮſͣһĺɫͷ˳еѪΣ˵ذϡ
ҡҡͷ˵ӣǵġŪҵĵذġŮֻ֣ſѪڣĽеҪ˹
ͷҪվ۽ǵ⿴ˡͷҪվһеͷ𶯣һԸûġ
һеġҫʡŮ˹ȥŮʶ͵ͣס塣ǳͷҵĲӲ˹ǰֻһͷѾסҵĲӡ
һֻץסͷһֻϵġҫʡǸͷϲȥû뵽ԭŵͷȻһ䣬㿪ҵġҫʡ
ҸϽ֣ҫʡתҲϵͷȥۿҪˣͻȻҵֻ֣ץסˣץסҵҾȻ޷ѣһ֪ʲôʱŮȻܵҵֻץסҵ֡
ҲϵͷԽԽиѪҸеϺ϶𤻬ģ͸
ҲţϽתϢ͵תˤǸŮҵϺøûҵҲһõ˿մ˵ܡǸһôûСɱŮؾš
ҵĻζ˼£ûʲôôͻȻҿ˸ղϻķһȥ
ǸոҾ͸оҵֻźҲʲôסˣǦһ޷ŷ֣ҵҲֻŮסˡҧҧֻڵһ㣬ײȥ
ҵڰзתҵĺײ˹ȥҾҪײŵʱֻúһҽСҸеϵˡԸˣȴһײϡֻúһصײϡϢȻһȥ
űһײȻײˡҴҡҡλεվֻǸŮͷڴмʹŤŤȥϻð̡
ҸϽ߹ȥճǸŮϵķǸŮźЩϲðˡʵ㵽˭ΪʲôҪҵ
Ů˿ңȴ˵ָšͷ˵Ҫǲ˵ҾͰιԡ
Ů˿ңƺе㲻šͷ۾˳ͷԼ촽һӡŮĻһ
˵ɱţɲͨĹǡ롯ĻԵġ
Ů۾ðβ˵ǳԵˡڤ˵Ǹ룿
ҵ˵ͷҿʵشҵ⣬㲻˵㣬Ҳɢġ
Ů˵ҲǸ»ҰԼһЩȴܽ磬ֻܽءӰǵзһ׷ɱй¬ĻǣͿԽֻءѾģͿͶ̥һ˼ҡҾˡû뵽ǾǴֹţˡڤ˵ˡϹ˹ۣǶԲ𡣡
һ£ʵ׷ɱʲô
Ů˵Ǻͨһ׷ɱһȻ͡
е㲻ף׷ɱӦĶѵ׷ɱˣ
Ů˵ҲǺף֪׷ɱļܸߣ˭ҾͲ֪ˡźĹ»Ұ˭磬ֻأ뻹кܶĹ»Ұ㻹Сĵɡ
ҵ˵ͷʲô׷ɱһǹǷЩ»Ұġ֮ǰζҪġƺһģȴűϵĲͬ
ŮûѵĻǰεģӦòǹΪ
վﲻ˵ϵı粻ŮǺ£˵֪ģˡǲǿˣҲˣҪһӲܡ
һع˵Ŷ߰ɡЩԸģԸ㡣߰ɣ
Ů⣬һΣˡ
˿ɳϡűŪҵӣͱײƵĴš̾˿
׷ɱǲðˡ룬ҵ˷ֽ˺ܶķ䣬Ŵ֮ϡְѴŷ˼ԺӵĴϺͳ϶˷Żص˷С
ӵķ䣬ҿЦһѾ繫Уڻа취Ըǣ֪ʲôļһ֣ǲڴ֡
ô֮ǰϮ˭أϣǵƣͺըãǸһԽĻҾ֪˭ˡ
˿ֱѾ賿ˡԡͷ˵Ҫȥ˯ˣʲô飬Ұɡ
ͷһҽıֲǺ⡣ҿšͷǸֻӣ֪˵ʲôźáֻҪҡҡͷص˯ȥˡ
˯ţͻȻҵķţԺе˭
԰̽ͷʵ¬ʲôˣôŪһңŶˡ
Դ˵˼԰ʰһ°ɣҸһ޴š
԰ĪĿңðβŵ˵ͷ߳ȥˡ
˴˷䣬԰ʰŷ䡣ҳˣ˵¬ôķ䣬ǲǳʲô£
Ҳ֪ʲô԰ֻ̽ͣ˵ûʲôǾú棬ǸҲ緹ˣҪȥˡٺ٣
ʱҵĵ绰˿澹Ȼûкʾԥһ£ǽ˵绰


 һ
ιã˭
һɭӵ绰洫֪𣿡
ţе죬˵֪ôˣ
һЦ֪˵㣿
Цһ𣿺ðŰɡһɢġ
һЦðȻô͵ţҹȥ㣬㵽磬һգ˼ġ
ЦЦðҵ㡣
һЦžǿնпֺнԶڵ绰Ʈţ˸еɭ
µ绰û뵽һҲ绰ɧţߣͣˡ
һͷһֵؿҵ԰̡ʼ˳ȥ԰̿ҵıӰҡҡͷּʰ䡣
߳Ժӣܺãˬĺܣֻмƣ׺档ָԶһоҲ˲١һըҲеƣ͡Щľеöˡ
ߵ͵꣬Ҫһ󱭱ڽ棬Լ顣
ȻҽܵιҺûʲôˡҾ뷨еģǸŮ˵ĻһԿ϶Ϯһһġһ벻Ǹ֮⣬˭ôҡ
óͻȻһڣһӰסҡ̧ͷֵվҵǰ棬ı⣬ҵĽǶȿȥͺķ⣬һֳ羴ĸоȻһʱҾȻ
ڷƤİ˰֣Ц˵ڸʲôôһֻӲǺܺãжŶġϣˮˡ
ҸϽ¶ֽ˲ͣ˼ЦЦٺ٣ôˡûؼ˯𣿡
ЦҵǰҵĶһڣҳԵİҧһڡ
ҸϽ˵Ҳû緹ҸҪ㶫ЦЦҳԹˣֵҹ࣬緹ġԵ볢ЦЦ
ʵղʲôܳӣ
ûлش⣬ǷʵץǸһｻ𣿡
ҡҡͷǸһǿӲģҺзҪһʱ䣬һаףġ
ҵ˵ͷһʲô֣Ϊʲô
˵񶫣֮ǰΪѰ±ͽ̹ҿǸ۷ҪȻôѶԸֻǳϣҪ㡣ˣû¼ڹء
üͷһңһҪǮĻû˵ҪģȻø˿
˵ͷ˵ҿҲǣһǸְҵɱ֣һ˼ġǹְҵɱ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷᣬҾ¡Ҳ֪ҵʲôˣңɱҡ
۾˼˵бҪôô϶
һʵϮǲְֹŮ͵˵һ顣
õɴ۾ʲô׷ɱǾ˵кܶ㣿
ҵ˵ͷ˵ûµģѾҵķ滭˷䡣ӦòµġɱҾԲǹ磬˵ˡ
ҵе㲻ףԷ׷ɱҺ͸˼䣬Ҳǿɱ㣿
ҡҡͷ˵Ҫҵ꣬ҵ塣ЩꡣЩɱ֣ΪɱңҲҵ塣
˿ңе㲻ףֻ֮ʲô𣿡
ҵ˵ͷȻȻ˵һģǶȴġڹġұɱˣΪ»ҰҵҲΪõġ𣿡
˺ܾãڵ˵ͷţеˡ˵𲻴󡣲ôҲܳ¡
ҵ˵ͷʵҸǣЩɱǿӦҶҲҵǡЩɾ˵ˡ⻹Щ䣬šסһҪš
ҰѼŷ˵İ档
緹˵װģȥӰɡҿ˿ֵһҹİ಻Ϣ𣿡
ЦЦǸһҾϢˡûаҹȻװȥӰˡ
ҲЦЦʲôȥġ
ǲǺҸأ˵
ҺٺٵЦЦҸҸˡ߰ɣװģӳĶƬҺϲġ
Цû뵽ƽʱòȻ㣬ȻϲƬ
Ҽװ˵ʲôʲôòȻ˵ңôʰ㡣
ţ˳ӰԺķȥ
˵ʵҵһֱŵġΪһûŪ˭ҪҵҺܵģҲԸҵҲȾ뿴ֵһġҸҪʮֵľ񣬲ܸЩκοɳ֮
һ·ϣߴߴ˵ţҺܿĵӦšʱ͵ź档һ·ϲûʲôˡ΢
磬ʱաӰԺ˲ѡһӰһмΡû뵽һֻˡЦŶ˵װģ㿴ǰ
Ӱ˼ֱǱЦҺЦǰϡᶼ˳ֱˣǻʱطЦ
˵Ӱ˵Էҡҡͷ˵ؼҰɣѵôУǻؼҴŰɡ
ҵ˵ͷص˼С԰ѾˣͷһͷҲ޺ˣ԰̰»ͦЧʡ˿ͷ͡ͷ䣬źһص˰칫ҡ
Ű칫ңЦ˵ûʲôӽˡЦЦûʱӣҪʱ䣬ææ
ЦЦִţ˴ûʲôѰ
ҡҡͷԭҲЩѵġЩ飬һǱ˼ҵĺãø˼ǻ
ҵ˵룬ȴԼҿеᣬ˵͹ˡһʲôҪأߣʲôá
ӡҵĴϣҸеһȣһѣǵ֮䣬ֻˡʲôħ֣ʲôɱϮڻ£νˡֻҪֻҪԶһ
ıһӨ͸ĲҿԸܵϵȶȺɢҸоҵĶ˵װģ쿪ʼҾġһҵһа㣬Զİ㡣
ҸеԼĲһôصУҿ֪˵ʲôźáҾ˵Ҳ˵ˣΪҵֱͶˣ˽ľһ


 
ҹޱߵĺҹһյƵĵƹⶼڻζȴôҲ޷ƺҹСС֪ͨһ˹վСһͷҸее䣬ͻȻһӰҵ߻һſһֻèҲһڵè
Ǻèڵƹ£ֻ۾͵ƹһĻƹ⡣ȴԶǵƹӴۡĿ⣬ѽ̽ҵҲ
èŤͷܽǲ֪ӣһԥȥ
ֻèܵúܿ죬Ҳܵúܿ졣֮ľ޷ֻ̣èҵǰԶĵطеżӿٶȣֻèҲӿٶȡǵľ뻹ôԶ
ضֻèߵķӲϵشҵͻȻֻèͣסˡ͵תҡſ죬һè˵ĿֲҲͣ˽Ųŷ֣ˡȷе˵ʬ塣
һ׷룬ڶһ޴˿ڣ඼¶档г顣ĸϵƤͷߡã֪һˡǴ̣ʧеΪʲôҵ
ҵõĻشֻһèУһèСèƽèȴ˲ֻ۾Ŀң˵ϬҴĵһɺ⡣
ͻȻͷһǸʬվһ㶣Χļʬ嶼վն׵ʬ屧Դŵʬ壬࣬ҲʬʬڵϹţҲڿҡƤʬ岻֪ô˵Լӣ߹ϵļţѪϵ
Ҵ󺧣Ͻȥϵġҫʡǲ֪ΪʲôȴôҲҲҫʡ
нǰڿˣҵķõġаʽ
һֱûʱϰÿѧá
һ߶ǸʬȥһǼһĶӣаܸǼһûж
һ㶣ѵҵãòԡҸϽһתһС߶һ߳ͬҿҵ巢һ⣬Ǹʬһӱߵˡ
һ˷ܡû뵽лĹáԸţͻȻеһһ֪ʲôסҵĲӣһģǸŵʬĳӡ
һģǸӣǸֻȻ
һУβ֡˫۽棬Ĭ˹˫ۼǸӦϣҵƲģֱۼʬϡʬһȥҲõġ
ʱͷ­ʬҲɱˡһ֣ݺݵذԼͷ­ҡͷ­лͣŴ죬Ҫ˺ҧҡ
һ㿪Ǹͷ­һСҹ̽˫ȭǸͷʬǰءһǸʬ嵹ɳȥˤ˵ϡǿͷ­ڰж˻ſ죬ҧڰлһͼǸͷ­Сָġͼ⡣ǿͷ­һײ棬һ˳ȥ
нͼҲһĺáʱǸƤʬܵҵߣ
һת̤Բ˫˳һн˫ʬĶϡֻһûƤ⣬һ´һҵִʬļ滬˹ȥ
ҸϽһת̤ԲһС˫صĴʬϣʬתĹ˳ȥ
ʱҷжҵͷһǸʬʬ壬˹ҵҧ˺һһСβſڵϵʬ壬ʬ屻ԶԶ˳ȥ
ʱʬΧŵʬͰƤʬһǰһץʬӲײ˹
һӣڵϡֲϵĻӳСһӦΧĳ棬ȻĻңܶƴ˿մΧҵʬҲ࣬ƶ˳ȥһĹԶ
ȴʬ嶼ˡҴ˺ڰ֮ģҲûлˣ֪ȥûд򵽵ģҲˡ
һվںڰУյƵĵƹƺˡͻȻ֮䣬ҸеڰУкӰڿٵƶ
ȫ䱸ǸƶٶȺܿ죬ڰҸҵĶߣұߣߣұߡͻȻҸеͬʱƹһֻè
Ѿǰˡһ㿪Ǻèһֻèצҵ߻һʹ֪ҵֻèץˡԼϵˣһȭͷһСඥеĺèȥ
ǲ֪ΪʲôֻèȻڰת䣬תһߡСඥһ˿աͣǰ
ҸϽסΣҺèȴӰҸϽַصơźڰеĶ
ͻȻûɵĶ磬ӭ֣ջ˸ͼһСְԡĶȥǳҶľȻǵס
һ֮࣬ϽչѾˡİһ˵ϡһ죬һҽУ˵ϡ
ŵڵϵĵҲ֪룬Ҿʲôô˵ġҸϽ˹ȥ
ֻѪ۽գ˿ҴĽеѰ
ҵѾ˳һ˵ʹʹͺı顣ͻȻ˺èһЦһ˦˱ŵĺè
ͻȻ䣬˵¬¬ѣѡ
۾ԭһжһΣſҵߣҡңҵ֡ҿ˿һӱ
İοûµģǲجΣҵ˵ͷڻŸղŵجΡ
Ҳرңû˵ʲô
˺һң˵ѹ̫˰ɣԲŻجΡԼһ£ʲô⣬һԡ
Цŵ˵ͷ˿˵ԣӦ÷һ¡´·ڷϰ𡰹аʽ
ڴϣֵؿңʵװģʲô̫
һţһЦ˵ѾҵŮˣԺϹⲻ̫ǱҲѧѧ
Ҳ·Ц˵ãϹҿɲѧⶫҸɣȻû԰̺ϹĺóԣǰĴͰ
Цŵ˵ͷðˣš
Ц˳ȥıӰҸеҵĻǺʹȻǸΣָоеģʧȥʹǳܲ˵ġһҪҵܵκ˺
ʱ򣬴һӰӻζһ£濴ȥһֻèҵĴ̨ԺܵڣֻèͷһۣصĽһ
ԣҸеһ˿⣬ֻèܳҵԺӡ


ڰ 񶫵ҩ
˽ԺʵϹڿʲô
һͷ˿ЦЦûУûʲôһֻèԺ
èôèʵ
ҡҡͷ֪Ұèɣ
˿ң˵е㵣ĵӡ
ʼ򣺡ûУҵʲô
û˵ȥ֡
Ҹŵ˷䣬ڳıϣڳæµšҸԽҸԽǺ£ԽǺʧȥֻûʧĸоЩܡ
ҵǰ˻ΣʲôأˣԷɡ
һعЦЦأӺ
ЦЦˣ컬ˣԷɡҿ˿ʵ޸ҰɣԶһ𡣡
һ㶣ҵͷð޸㡣
ҺܿģϾͽ飡˵ãҪһؼ˵һ
ҿĵĵ˵ͷ԰һҪݼĸˡ
ʱҵĵ绰ҿ˿绰ǴϴģҸϽ˵绰
ϵеƣСӣʲôأ
ڼأҪԷ
ǺǣСӵңųԷɿңôãСڿˡ
һһ¾ʵˣô˵
Сְҵɱ֣йӶɵġ
˭Ӷģ
СҲ֪ͨһм˹ӶǱҪҵǸм˲֪˭Ӷġ
̾˿ǰɣϴ˵˰죬ǲ֪˭
ЦЦȻջŸҸ绰ѾȥץǸмˣӦúܿͻˡ
ҺһʵСǹ߷ӲôôͽˡƣͺըСͦɣ
˵ǰҲ֡Ѿ׼СӺʲô񫡣һһҹѾܲˡ
񫣿üͷʲô񫣿񫣿
˵е񣬲ֲǡֻ˵ҪЩҩĿڴ档ˣŸҩԣͽˡ
˵ŴЦЦôǲ򿴿Сӣͺùɣûһݱ¼һˡ
ҷµ绰˿ңôСӽˣ
ҵ˵ͷǰСʵְҵɱ֣֪ܹ˭ȥץмˡǳ˷һȥǾɣ
˵ͷǿԷɡ
ڴϵİ칫ϵݸһ֧̣ҵ̲ãպϳɣ
Ұ˴һۣ˵ϺٺٵЦš
¼˱¼ʵԵҩ𣿡óһСӣŵҵǰѾȥˡ
óһڱţûʲôζϸһŷҩһʡ
ʣ¶غɫҩ衣ҴսţһֵζһӳҵıУŹζ̫Ϥˣǡյơ͡Ѳݡζ
ҿ˿ϣûŹҩ裬᣺Źζô˵ǺҵЩһҲйϵ
ҲÿɷΪûа취˵ûйϵġҴ֪ǿԳԵģѵʬⶫ̵𣿶ŵ֮ԺأѵĻжƷһЧ
˵û뵽ζ֮ǰҲŹģûζû뵽һʡ
ָϻЩʣ죬Щʱָ¶ڻˣҲɢһֵζֲĲһֵζ֮⣬һζζζ˵Ķĵζ
üͷһֽģ˲ָ˵ҸоʺҩԼˣǿġ
Ҳָ˵ǰζеģ֪ʲô
룬ֵֶʱ򣬻Щʬһѵʬ˵ǲʿʬ
Цʵʲôʯֶͨġ
ҡҡͷˣǶʯʬʬʬһָʬ֬Ǹڽҷֵָʬ
ϸŻһ£ʵ˵ҩ裬ˡյơ͡Ѳݡ֮⣬иʬĳɷ֣
һĵ˵ͷҲ򵥣Ȼ鱨֪ˡҲ˵ͷҼʵûҪǴģ
˵ȻˣСֻ˵һηҽҩҲ֪ǸҽʲôطҿѣҲ֪ҩĳɷ֣Ҳ֪ҪʲôģǲΥ档Ҳûа취
ҵ˵ͷҲԣǼһҲûа취
ʱһԱ˹Դ˵ץˣмץˡ
һվ˵ȥǸɱְɣȥһмˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˾ҡ
ǸɱڽУӣҲҡ˵㻹ʶ𣿡
ЦЦ˵רҵģƬһûɱ㣬ҾͲӡ
ҺһΪʲôҩʼ򣺡вԵҩʲôֵġ
ҿ񶫣˵ǸͲβҩǶͺƷһԲԣԺ󣬾ûа취ͣǲǣ
üͷ˵вһֵֺĹǲһһͺֻһڿҧһۡܡ˸ҩҳԺ߾Ͳˡ˵еһʱҲҩȷʵܣġûоѵжƷĳɷ֣
񶫵ӣǲ˵ѡʵһˣһŻ
񶫿ң˵ȻһŻҲ֪ǵ֯жǶǵϵֻץסһûʲô塣ץסңûʲôãҲֻܰҵм˹һ֪ˣͻʧˡǵҲͶˡ
ҿ񶫣񶫵Ǻ̹ȻЦЦϼǳȥˡʵҲһһҹҲǵĺˡҾҵĴûʲô塣ʵҲ֪һЩ֯ҿԸ㡣
һ㶣ΪʲôҲԸ
ҡҡͷе飬֮˵ҲšŪûҪһȡ˵ˣҵҪԼ꣬зһжעġ
ҿ˿񶫣ͻȻⷬЩϤˣ޷֮ǰ˵ģⷬ˵ĺ޷ʱ˵ĲࡣѵҲ޷һܵ˹ƻ
񶫵Ļҵ˼֯е˺أ֯ͷĿƺһһˡ˵߹꣬ɱǧ֮⡣͵ؾĹĹеʬڤͨҵҵĹѨ
һ㶣˵ȷʵˡΪʲôԸң


ھ ۵
ֿ˿ңҲֱ֪ˣкǿֱҵֱңӦÿ԰Щ㡣
ҵ˵ͷ
񶫼˵УԶԶֹЩͶǵһЩġͷʦϵ¶޵Ϊǵ½ͷ룬ҵĲ˽ͷֱҲסҲǸӣõʱ򣬾ͱһ£ûõʱ򣬾ͻᱻ
ҿ˿񶫣ʱѾûиղŵİɱͺһ·߿ؤ΢ԼļֵҰ̾˿ʵ𣿡
񶫳صҡҡͷûˣֻ֯ײˣ֪Ҳôࡣ߰ɣһ˾һ
ҵ˵ͷ˳ȥӭ˶ĴϣϿ˿ңôʲôˡôеʧӣôǿǸһ˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷŴϽİ칫ҡҶԴ˵ôǸм˵ʲô
˵мƺе㲻˵ĵġ֪νһʱҲʲʲô
üͷһǲǳҩˣ
һɣ԰ôû뵽ȷʵǳҩˡ
ҸϽ˵죬ھı֡
ϴ˼һˡڣƤǲ԰׵ģһǸɫҹ֮ˡǸϣжߡ΢գһſϣһһȥ泯ϡ֮Ӿͺôӡ
ǿһһ˵˽ͷšǱˣҲûж೤ʱ䡣Ѳסأûʲô̫ķ֡кܶ౨ֽĹվݣֽͨٻϵЩɱֵġ
ʵֽͨôġ
ЦЦϵַͨЩˣʹõġӱǿģ֮ǰйԼѶţͿͨĳЩ硣һʱڲǹ棬ô˵˳⣬߾ͻߡͶϿˡҲ޴׷顣
˵ô˵ǲ档߾ͻܵǵĵҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
ҵ˵ͷӦģ֯ôܣЩû벻ûбİ취ֻмϵˡҪȥҪ㶨мˡ
ϵ˵ͷҪһ￴ҲöԸҿЩ취ֻίƭǾͲˡ
룺пܣǸֵһԣһǰǿõģֻǲ֪ǲü
۾˼˵Ǹҩһûҩ»ܵġٺ٣Ŀá
룬Ѹղ˵˵˴Ϻܾȣ˵ܣǿ˿ң̾˿ҵټ㲻Ҫңһˡͷɣ
ҵ˵ͷֿܣǡյơϡѲݡټϸʬɵҩ裬ǽҩ˵ʱĽҩǸ֯ͷǿΪҵġ
ЦЦ˵ʵ׿ЩĶҶ֯ԽԽȤˡԽԽսԡֻǲ֪֯ҵǸˣǲһ·ġ
ЦЦȻˣпܾһˡﲻŻǺܿ£˵粻żȻܶżȻʵǱȻ룬ǺҲֹһǸȴ۵ġǧˮߣҲнչ
ϵ˵ͷţһöࡣǷ·ͷԸһ취ȥϵˡȥǸġǧˮǲСһˣʲôأ
룺˵ȥǮһ飿ҿЩƬһӰϤ벻֪һûʲô
˵԰˵ˡٵǼûл֪ôˡҿҪҪϵһˡ
˵и뷨֪ԲԡָоǼ˾ɹȥģȥǮӦҲΪһǧˮǵһȻϣҵһҪǮĿġʵ˵ĿһΪǾߡǧˮֻһһ˼棬¾ͳˡ
Ц˵ϧûмĴˡкܶĻˡǼǸʲô֯ɳģһǿԸǵĴӪ
һ˵ͻȻе㵣˵ĶģǸ֯Ӧͨģ˼ҸٵӪе㡭
ҵ˵е㲻ԾϽϵ˰ɣʲôӡе㲻õĸоüͷ˳ȥ
ʱϻˡ˵㱱ͽܵһˣϢˣ˶ȥˣֻһ˿ءԳûȥˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ôһûϢüͷҡҡͷûϢֻܵȴˡ
һȥǱ߿ȶԸǸͷǱߵϢҪ˻ûϢҪȥѰˡ
صĵ˵ͷҺ͵˳ȥҵĳ
һϵŰȫһ߶Ե˵ȥȻ󡭡ҡҡͷҡ
һ˵ʲôǼᶨҡҡͷ
ֻ˵ͷ˵Ժ˵ĻˡǶһ𡣡
ҵ˵ͷͳǹһ¡͵Ĳţݡһ죬ų˳ȥ
Ǻܿ쵽˴˵ĳǽķԶԶͣ˳ӣ˹ȥܿҵ˸ӵͬ־Ϊ֮ǰѾˡֻ˵䣬һ˻֣ҸϽ˹ȥݸһѶҵĶϡ
ҺԾĳԺСЩӵ˵ָʾǿԺĲֿ⡣
ȻǸƾɵĲֿſڣһʱ˯ҿ˿ŵһԭصȴơ壬ĵǸ˿һֱǸ˵󣬶׼˵Ѩ͵ƿȥûһûϢ
һ֣˹ʵһ֪ˡ
ЦҡҡͷģѨ͵ػʱԵʧ䡣ѹһ벻ղŵ顣
˿ңС˵Ϲ
ЦЦƨˡʱ䲻̫ģһͺûѹġǸϽȥ
ߵ˴ǰŲûƿֻһյСơСƵһףԿˮǸ׾ڱͷҵǸף׶ûڴ׵ΧźܶķһЩʬõġ


ʮ 
һԿ϶ľǡǧˮһǲģʱҶ޵ĸһ𣬸Ͻסĵ˵û
˵ͷǰƺиܺأ
ҸϽֹǧǸᣬûʲôȻ˵ġ
˻ԴѹǸԺġҪ˯ĸо
Һߵ˴׵ıϣ濴ȥһڸСһȣ˵ǡǧˮ
ҵ˵ͷ̫ˣ̾˵Ȼˣ룬һģһôġǧˮһ𣬸жֵǮˡ
һ꣬ʱ򣬲洫صͬ־ĽЩ˻ˡǿ쳷
ҸϽſȥһڱҴε˵ġٻѨϣ£Ͼͻѹ
Żصε㡣Ǹκãǿص˾˹˻ԴһվĴĿ˿
е㵣ģ˰ɣҺģû£ֻеֶѣԲˣеɹûµġ
ȻǸתһȦֿܵ濴˿ֻصԭĵطʱļ˻ˡóͺУݸܵˡ
洫ǵĶԻǸ㱱ɵͽ˵ģû뵽ǸǮǸӣǻֵǮҲҡ
һ˵ż֪ǵ֯ˡһҵġ
㱱ɵͽ˵˵ô˵Ƕ˼ˣҲûͷǴһ̫㡣㲻ûġҪҸ˰ɣ
Ǹҡҡͷ˵ˣҸ˵û⡣Ǯ˺öࡣǮñȥˡǷô࣬ûǮ񲻿ϧ
㱱ɵͽܵ˵ͷҲ֪ҪԵĻǶǮҲ¾췢֣ҸʦҵңʱҵƤġ
Ǹüͷ˵⵹ҲǡˣҸϽٳȥһˣҡȷʵҹζ࣬Ҳ񣬿һ
˵˳ȥһԱȥ
ֿһҺ͵˳ȥ˳ҶԵ˵ǻ֪㱱ɵѶ
˵˵ģǲ֪㱱ɵѶ
ҵ˵ͷһ߷˳ӣһ˵һֱΪ֪㱱ɵѶŰʬߵġû뵽ô£Ҳǻá
üͷ˵ܹҵǸ𣿡
ЦЦȻֻҪǷųϢǸҾӦùˣֻҪݾߣסǧˮһҵҡڷĴɳһˡǻʲô״ǱߵѾ֪ǵĸ١һľͻ˦ǣľһ㡭
ңģ
֪ȻǾ죬Ǹ¶ûмЩ׼ĺķӣܶ벻ˡԽԽ⡣ԽǷң֪ĳҲ٣򹫰ֵķȥ
ҵɫأҲʶԣʵǲᡭᡭ˰ɣ
ҿ˿̾˿˵ȻҲҲò˵һʼ͵͹Щˡɳȥ˾Բɵġ
ʧгúҲһᡭ
ҵҲһ¶ҲȥĻ顣ҸϽ绰ϴ绰
Ǵ˺ܾһֱռߣҲںͱϵֻ÷µ绰ӿٶȡ
˹֣Һ³ܽ˰칫ҡһŵ绰һ̨תȦҽϽʵȥˣô
ҵ˵ͷǡǧˮ㱱ɵͽܣûôˣ
̾˿ǸͷҩûڻǱߵԱһҲϵϣż飬֪ôˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ܵˣҪȥһҡ㻹Ǹ𡮽ͷҺȥǡô
ϵ˵ͷ̫ˡ˵ʵߵĲˡҪǲæһ취ûС
ЦЦûµģѣҵȻ㡣οǰԼ˵ϻˡȥ
סң˼䡣Ҳź͵˹ֱ֡Ƕȥ
ҵЩԱʹϵλá¥˳һ·ıϡ·ͨǱߵһɽġҴǰţ·ϸѰҡ
ҿ·ߵĴϣвĺۼӦ˶µĺۼϵĲݴҲعĺۼ
˵㿴ЩطжܹĺۼһǶµġ˶࣬Ӧòȡķʽٵķʽ
һ߸ңЩطһʵ٣ûѧ
ҡҡͷȻˣȻûѧˡܶණ˼ҽ̵ģҪԼҲǺ򵽵ġڸڶʱ򣬾ͿԲڱߵĺ棬Եǰ棬ҲȻĺ͸ֲ߱еĹϵø߸о֪𣿸ٵĹؼڣҪñ߲ᷢ֡
˵ͷżǰѰַ˺ܶعĵطҿԿ⼸Աúִܲ٣Щ·ϣ׾ͻᷢ˸١̾˿ҡҡͷ
Һ߳ȥԼͻȻ·ߵĲݴ棬һֻЬӡһֻʿƤЬҵһݴھЬһٶ׵ĵطһ
ϳһͬ¡ҸϽϹȥɵĵطͷĺһ̲ѪҰ˵ͷ˹ĺһ󶴣ѪѾˡıϢѾû̾˿ҡҡͷ
ҧ촽ûп޳˿ҡ˵ȷɡǼǰһ
һ߼ǰߣһ߸ϴ绰ߵ
߳ȥٶף·ߵĲݴַһԱʬ塣״ңǱ۶ˣͷŤһٰʮȡ
˳˵̫ˡ
ҵ˵ͷǵ͵ֱַЩһȷ̫ˡҿǲ֪ľ졣
̧ۿ˿ʵΪʲô
˵һķͽǲɱģ׼𾯲Ĺߡһ㲻ɱ죬ֻǸٶѣȫǴΣûбҪɱˡֻڶԸǵĶֵʱ׺ݡ
˲ᡣʵ˵ǰҵͬ־˶֣
ҵ˵ͷ
ǷˣָϽǰȥ֮ҵʬ塣״ܲңҵҲеܡ
ͻȻʵΪʲôǲһɱģȴһһ֮仹ľ뱻ɱأ


ʮһ ϳ
ҵ˵ͷڿ߶ˡǷ١ЩһĳѨһлˣ˸٣͸ڸٵ˵ĺ棬Ƿ١
˵ͷˣǾ˼ҷٵġ
˵ּǵһˣһ֡ǵһɱһƵУǰ֪
Լͬ¾飬Ҳǲе˵һˣһá֪ôˣ᲻Ҳ˶֣
̾˿Ӧǰ˾ŲʮˡֻҲԸ˵Ļﻹܺܵ㡣˵ǼѰҰɡ
ǰһ·ǰһ·Ǹ·ڣ֪ӦߡҶڵϣϸز쿴źۼ
ϵĺۼңܶĽӡ·϶кۼһʱҲжȥˡ
ͻȻһ⣬еĽӡܴʮ֮ϡȴûһСһĽӡΪò᳤ôĽš
һ߿źۼһʵװģöĽţ
Ҳŵϵĺۼ˵ʮ룬ԴҵЬҲʮ롣԰˼ûĽӡ
ҵ˵ͷ㿴Ľӡܴ󣬸ûСһĽӡʵѵû·
룺ܣҲпѾûԼˡ
ҧҧ촽̾һû˵
ʱ˷֣еĽӡ滹мӡӡرֻǰƣÿӡĿȺܴټ֮ϡôһˣֻǰ·ÿһĿϡ˵Ľӡ棬˵ģǸٵˡ
ϸĿһ·ϣĽӡֻм·ûĽӡԵһ֣м·ȥ
һһʵߵ·нӡΪʲôȴмģ
˵ְӡһµģ֮£ͿԲ½ӡߵ·½ӡǣҪм䡣ӦץˡҲӦóˡȥǻ˸ա
Ȼô˵ǽûͣ߳ȥԶſ·ߵɽ£һӣҺһۣҵ˵ͷӦþҪҵĵط
ʱҵֻˣ洫ϼеô
ҸϽ˵ǵλãЩԱʬλá
ʱϸ˹һıߡĴϣҪ侲һЩһҪ侲
Ͽ˿ңһԼƽŶ˵ˡҿˡ
ҵ˵ͷָָǶӣ˵ҪǲµûǵϳӦѾˡ
ͳǹҲͳǹèǶӽӽ
Žգ˲ߵʣҷܵĸߴͷ˵Ļһˡ
ЩͷŭŬ죬Ҳˡ˵ˣѾˣǳȥɡ
һû˵Ѿ˴šֻøں棬һ߿˴ţǸų˽ȥ
һܴĴյģһƬڡ
ܿ˿ȻһշӡʲôûСһҾ߶ûСһ߿Ǳи¥ݣͨ¥ġ
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վ壬µĿţ
վ˵ǰ棬˵ǹǿҿԿ
ʱǵ׹⣬ַ˹óˡҫʡһ˦֣ҫʡһ쳤ˣһΡҫʡǵ׹ȥ
ǵ׹һת㿪ҵġҫʡֱȥ
ҽеСģ˵ǰ档֣һСְԡǵӰм䡣
һס˰ӰǰӰ䵽˵ϡҿǾȻһɫͷ
һ㶣˵ҿĽˣô£ǹأ
˵ǸǹֻһͷӦйں
ʱ򣬴ͻȻһˡǶŵķȥʱҲŷ֣ûдڿǵΨһͨ·
Ҹое㲻ԾԴ˵֧Ԯ
ϵ˵ͷ𲽻ֻ֨֨ĵֻֻҲûźš
˵ãϵˣֻͲáô죿
üͷû취ֻԼԸЩһˡֻҪǵţǾͿӳˡ
ʱͻȻ¥ϴ˵á
ϵ˵ͷԣõڶ¥ȥ˵ţһ¥ݡ
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һҽй˷ĹѾɢĹҲͣ˽Ųң໥ĽͷӶƺû뵽һᷨ
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ЩһͷӶ֮Χ
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һȥŷ֡澹ȻʲôûУһշӡתҪȥӵȴˡͬʱһСӦǵġ


ʮ 
ҰУãϵˡҳſڣšźһǴ򲻿ҪǵŵʱͻȻúһ硣
ҸϽ֣濴ȥֻһӰվҵվ壬˿Ǹһ
Ǹһֻаһģһ߾Ȼ¶ð׹ǡѴƮڰУһɫĳۡźǿֲ
Ǽһתת¶һ˿΢ЦЦݵвУǿֲ
Ҫ˵ǼһһҵǰȻҿԸܵϵɭɭ
һǼһ￳ȥǼһһЦ˿ˣصԭλáٶ죬ûжһ
һӶеġҫʡȥҲûа취飬ûʱȥҵʹϡҪսپ
Ǽһ￴ҳ˹ȥһЦӰһΣȻˡ˸գִ
֪ǼһĶܿ죬ҵѾ͵͵װźڹѪСƿӡͷҲûأְƿеĺڹѪȥ
ٻͷȴֻڹѪǽϣǼһȴӰҪͷͻȻеϱصĴһ¡һӵܴ󣬴İ嶼ˡ
ǿžʹҵĻӶšҫʡǼһ￿ֻӰأ޷ȷǼһλá
˵ǽǣԼܵ档÷档ǼһλƮҸûа취
ʱ洫ǹ졣ҸżˡһʲôΣգȻǲ׿ǹġ
żͻȻǼһֳ嵽ҵߡֻеǰ׹һʶһС߶Ҳ˵һӾȻˡֻýһžһУǼһﵹŷ˳ȥײ˶ǽϡǽ滹ҸղȥĺڹѪǼһһҽС
һһЧϽȥŵϵǼһһСβǼһһӵ㿪ҵġβҳҸϽ˺˻صǽϡһСƿڹѪȥǼһһ㿪ˡ
ҸϽáҫʡǽϻһҾվǷ档Ǹ꣬վҵĶ棬ȴҴ˵ҳϣʰ㡣ҿҲûʲô취ǽʲôáһˣ㻹Ҫߡ
ǸƺڿǡҼ˵ҲǸ׷ɱǸ𣿡
Ņ̀˰˿ҡ˵ãҲǸԼҪģϣһ»ҰתǱҲûʲôޡҲûа취°ɡ˵ҷ˹
üͷһ壬ƴŻɢҲҪˡһ㿪Ǹ꣬Ǹһײǽϵķ䣬䷢⣬ǸһҽСȥ˵ϡ
ҿ˵ҲˡҪҵ𣿡
Ņ̀ͷϵıʹ࣬˵û취ˣҾˣû뵽ķôǿķѾˣһͻɢˡ
ǹ̾һʧˡ
ҵǰҵĹʵǲôֻ⡰ҫʡɰҵķǸ꿴ҵĹУ͹ҵķ䣬ȻҲӮôɡ
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Ҹеϣʱȵľͷķ䴫˳¬
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ŵ˵ͷʵղ˭ǹϲ˼˵ҿģЩ꣬һż͡ҡҡͷ濴ôд
ûеԺģոջԲѹӡ˵ǿȥɣѾˡʲôġɡ
ϱãҵΪʲôôĹꡣǵǰﻵµģ
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ӧǳġ
߳Ƕӣòͬ¡ô˻ȥҺ͵ҲԼĳ
һϳҾͿˣ޵úġ֪Ϊͬ־ѹġĺһӡ
ٿˣ뿪ҵĻſȥ˹֡
ĸԱһƬС˶ѹͬʱҲЩ˺֮ǡһȺ鼤ܣһҪΪȥͬ־
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ϵ˵ͷ֪ˡȻȥɡʲôϢҸ绰ҵ˵ͷ˳ȥ
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һ߳ԣһһҹ顣ϵʺ˼ǸＯŵˣЩڷԸǡΪЩ굽ȥأǸＯŵǲҲЩйϵأ֮йϵǿе鷳ǸＯŵΪʲôҪɱҡҸͲʶǣΪʲôҪɱҵأ
ЩĺûԣɱĸˡɱҪɵģѵʶǣ߷ǣײˡͷǸһɱ񶫲һ·ġǸɱַʵǲôķＯţӦòˡĻ˵Ҫɱңֻ˭أ
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Ҳҵķ˿ͻȻҷҼҵĶΧζ˻ʱҵķӿҵͷǱ߿ţǸƵҼԺӵһߡ
һҵģֻǿϧ֪Ҳڼҡ˭ɹأǵǸＯŵˣ
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ͻȻˣ㱱ɵͽܡôأ


ʮ 㱱ɵͽ
һߺŶһ߿㱱ɵͽܡ˺ܾõ壬ûţҡҡͷתߡһֱע۲ţû˵ġҷ¶С̯ӣ˵ĺ棬ļ
һ͵ػͷһңҪ˵˸ƣ˻֣ʾߡ˵˵ͷҵĺ档
Ҵӡͷһˣҡҡͷβ͡Ҷšͷ˵ͷʾҶȻǸ˵˰칫ҡ
ҵĴϣǸˡǸ˵ã¬ҽк⣬㱱ɵͽܡҡ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪㱱ɵͽܡôˣ
˵˵ϾŵѣôǸ˽̽磿
ЦЦΡҪиݰɡǲǰѡǧˮŪˣ
εЦЦ֪ʦ˼ôˣ
˵Щʦֵܶڡ塯ˡҪΪ᲻ԼѡǧˮŪ˳ʲô
ҵĻ֮ƺ˿ЦЦ˵ʦ˼ˡֲҺġ󻹲Ҫšǧˮ룬һ𣿡
ʵ˵ҲԣһﲻûˡҲӵġ
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˵˵ҲûãôҲҪȵϸʳͷĽ˵ԣҲ̫ѹ
ҷµ绰ְһ飬ʼջ벻ΪʲôɱҡҲûе˭ҵͷˣҲ벻Ȼ
е㷳꣬һȦͷҵĺ棬תȦҿšͷͷβҡεúս
ҡҡͷģϲܡΧתҲûáҲҲ飬벻ףˡ
ͷվؽšˡͷߡԡͷ˵Ҳ룬һ˭ҪҵͷſҵߣԴ
ʱҵĵ绰ץ绰ȴǴϴġҽ绰¬ã
Ŷʦʲô𣿡˵Ҳûʲô£칫˾ɶᣬϣԹμӡ
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ʮ ɱ
Ҫ˵гҲгûҵϹͿõЩŲˣȻҲв٣Ǳ֮ǰ˵Ҫ˺ܶࡣǸŮô񶾣ӦҲǺġһҪȶԸңٶԸ
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Ůɱˣȥҵɱ֡ҵļƻͿʵʩˡǸν֯ҵɵˡҪǰŪǧˮлԻȥ
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ſĵ˵ãͺá֧С㣬СȳʤȯҪ֪Ĺɷݿɲٰ˵ʵҲˣ뿴ء
ЦЦ˵İɣһ
ҷ˵绰ֵһ֧̣ص˰칫ҡͷβһ飬ֿʼΪϹϹ̫̫̫伫ĺԸϹϹһԿġУҪϹ
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ϹԵúܿģţõġԼҲҪСġϾڶԸ㡣ʦѾ߰˺֣ܶҪԸҿûôס
µ绰ҸеһЩֵһ֧̣̫̫顣ķȶ»ݾߡôԸҺϹͷأҪúһ¡
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˵ţȥٰһ£ȥϢ
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ͷţɶŴš˵ҵߡĽţƺʲô֡
ЦЦ֪ʲôҲ֪Ӧòҽҵķ仹Ǻģǲ海Ҷѡ̫⡣ͷɣ
ǡͷƺǺ˷ܣȻܵ˴ǰǰȰţһҪȥӡ
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ҡҡͷһͷˡͷʳ˵˵ֹ֣Űͣһɡ
ҵĻ䣬һűһɾ޴ײˡһҲŴ˽Ҳһ
ҡҡͷǵģһûء


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ЦЦܼ򵥣ˡͷΪ޷ͨ겻ʲôŹġһǳֲȻҪҵġĹ꣬ȻǲҪͶ̥ˡνûˡﲻ鷳ģʲô˵Բԣ
ҵĻ䣬ǰһΣһɫСҵǰ۵һͷһĴ󺹡
Сң˵롯ʵ̫ˣҺòײѵģҪҵСǵġ´ҿɲȥˣҪȥȥɡ
ҿЩСеúЦ˵ҿл˵ҪȻһ롯ˣҿסѡڤˣҿǼġ
С¶˿־ı飬˵ǡ
һ㶣˵˵ʲôСѸղŵĻ˵һ顣
ҿЦһúòãͲ˵ˣҲûʲôϵҿǡ׷ɱ׷ɱˡǿð֮ˡǣѱôǣ
С˵Ҳ첻ȥˡʵһֱС֮ǰǣǿ԰ЩһЩ顣ǻص֮ȴż춼ûĻˣص䡣ǣǶСο׷ɱǶ⶯֪һҪǵġǾ͹ˡ
üͷΪʲôҪǣǿʲô
С¶˲һı˵û˵˲ơǿǹ񣬿԰ŪܶǮ
ҡҡͷҵǮˣҶ꣬ҪǮʲô
ֻС໥˿˸̰ƵġС˵ҪǮǻɰ̽ϢС˵ǿ԰ٱˡС˵ǿ԰ҵҵС˵ǿ԰绽ꡣС˵ǿ԰ʵ롣
һ˻ͷǰɣôǲӦðԼ⸱ģﴵ
С˵ȷʵǲСѾ޷ʩչҲһҪǲſԡֻҪǣǾͿͨˡ
üͷ⼸С֪Ǿʲô·ѵҪǣ֪ʦ֪飬ô롣һҪǺ˵һǶҲкôġ
˽սЩС˵ˣǰɡһᷨл۸˲ס˵ˣ㲻ѾһС𣿲ǰɣ
ôһ˵СơСƵȷôʱҲûˣһȫǷ䣬ҳ
ҿ˿С˵ŶǻеУô֪ҵбС
С˵ʲô֪ɶˡ˵ֿɥ˵㵹ǿ˵仰ġ롯ϾͻˡʱǾ˵ˣǿɲˣǲסҡ
ʱ򡰲ͷ˻


ʮ ˾
˵ͷѹԣҪͨһľ顣ҲҪ֧֡Ҫ뵽һǰδеҵ˾Щ߲һЩɶ֧֣Ǿ˵ǡ
ҵ˵ͷй˾ʲôǲ׵ġ֧ϹҲͶˡ豭һڲ裬˵ģʦȫ֧־ˡ
ʦ˵ͷǺǣ֪һ֧Сġ
ʱ򣬹˾ÿһ˶һԤҼ򵥵ķ˷Ϲ˼Ȼϣ˾ĻҵǹŵĻ͹ŵƷ㡣лᵽҪһݡ
Ҹе˼ǲЩ׬ǮǼôǮóһЩҲʲô⡣ø첲ײײߵʵǮ𣿡
˿ң˵ͷȻˣû˵ƽʢղء𣿡ҵ˵ͷҴ˵ǡ
ЦЦ׬ǮǾûģ൱ߡҪЩʱһЩ뷨СˣּһЩԼĶҲԸ
ҵ˵ͷǺܺðô˲ͬأʦһȻ֡
е㲻ףѹʵǸ̫̫Ѿڹ˾𣿡̾˿ӵģν֮ҲСġüɶҲԸҪƽһ飬кܴ鷳
ҵ˵ͷ˵оͰЩɶĹɷ˲Ϳ𣿡
°˵ȻǸð취ҲһȻ˾ֵٶڣǲûôֽҪչôĹɷǺѵġһҲӦвͬڵģҲԼǸ޲ߡֻЩԲŻӡ
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ֱߵҵĽǰϹң͵͵ļһ۾һָֻ̣ǸƤСŮӡҲݸ
Щģٶ˵ӵġֲԳ̣Ҷеܡһֱ磬ݻᡣҲ˿Ϲʹ˸ҸϹ˳ȥ˹˾ʳáһİҲѡͷ˹
ͷһϹֱ˹ȥԼͷϹϲţǡϹҲӣšͷĴԴ˵ѽ˺ˣż찡ĺ𣿡
ͷСһĽӡϹѲͷӡʱѾʼϲˣͷһͷѾĵˮˡ
ҺϹţЩϹŶ˵ϴεĵ绰˵Ĳףϰ壬˵̫̫ɱ㣿˵ôϰ壬ͱϰˡŲ
ϹٺٵЦЦҽеϰˣͽϰɣѵϹ
һӵΣֻܺٺٵЦŲ˵ϹҲһ£ʵʲôҪ˵ô£
Ұ鶼˵һ飬Ϲߣ˿ӣô˵һġҵ飬һûˣ㣬ҿĲܷŹˡ
̾˿ʵңΪ˺㡣ҪСĵ㣬Ͼڰʰ飬ͲùˡɱѾץסˣңлбǣҲݾߣֻҪԼС飬ܣרİѹ˾áҪԸңҲô׵ġ
Ϲ˿ңĵ˵ͷʲôҪҵģ㾡˵ϰ塣ЦҡҡͷʱûСҪϵĿҵǾòúøɰɣ
ϹЦЦϵϣûТʵԸҲΪ顣ҵҲܿģңоǺ⡣һ׬Ǯġ
ЦЦǿ̫ˣҲйɷݣ׬Ǯ׬ǮҲأе˵˵
Ϲʵ˵ɣʲô£ҺٺٵЦЦǸĻҾͲμˣʵģǱҲ顣
ϹЦŵ˵ͷͿˣһĲɵӡһļǩˣ߰ɡģʦҰ˺ܶˣҲµġ
ҵ˵ͷ
˷ļǩ֣͸Ϲ˳׼ߡʱ򣬴绰ˡҽ˵绰ɳƵѾáͷ˵ˡ㻹ҪãҪô𣿡
ҺһʲôʱˡϻˣҶˡƻɡ
̾˿׼˾ͷţҲ
ЦЦֲǵһʶңˡ˵ˣԼĶϽϢϢɡ
ϿЦһȫӶڼӰ࣬ôϢ˵ɣҲ˯š
˵ҲЧʣɰʲôáϢɡ
˴ϵĵ绰ָ˸绰ܸˣ㻹أ
ЦЦ˵ʲôأô᲻Լš
ʵʲô
Ҹղڹ˾ᣬǩһļͳˡҪؼң˵źˣһؼҵţʡЩҲҡ
Сĵ㣬ЩһûԵġ
İɣһʮֵľ񣬡ͷ˶æҲʡµöࡣ˱İ֣㲻æˣҽܸʶ
ʱͻȻ·һ뿪ţԼ̫̫̫̫Ҳڴ绰ûע⵽ߡ
̫̫ʱһЩ⡣뿿ȥһ¡ҵĳ̫ۣ²Уôأ
ĵ绰ûйң˵šû˶еװģô˵
һع˵̫̫ˣ⳵̫ۣ²С취
˵ɣҲˡΪЩٸ绰
ҷ˵绰̫̫ĳӡ취ʱҾĿڴһ£ǰЦض˵𼱣齻ҾˡҰô¡
һЦˣ԰ôһˣҵ˵ͷ˵ȥɣСĵ㡣߿ֻᷨˡʲôˣ˵ʲôҡ
һЦ˵ͷİɣһˡ


ʮ ΰ
ЦЦЩСҲֻǲ֪̽ʲôҷӣҿȥҴӹۺп̫̫ĳҲˣһȥġ
ҵ˼ң԰ʰӣһˣЦЦʵôŪ˸ӣ滹Żֽ˺ġ
ҺٺٵЦЦû£ǸƷ㲻ùҲòԼŪͿˡ
԰̵˵ͷֿ˿ңҿŹŹֵֹģһˣôʲôš
ҲΪ⣬˵ŵܱȲǿŵĶˣȻͻˡٺ١
԰ҡҡͷ治֪ôģˣ緹𣿡
˵ҳԹˣʰ꣬Ϳˡðˡ԰̣˵ͷ˵ʲôȥɻˡ
ڶ˵ܵʱҪľҪȴһص˰칫ңڴϣһ֧̣Լ顣
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ſڴˡͷĽʱʲôʱĶһɣʲôһô󵨣Ȼҹյľܵ
ſڣͷĸңֻ۾Ŵ档ͻȻһ¬¬̽ɲ԰ҷŽȥ
е죬üͷӦΰġӣգһλˡҼﲼõáȻǲҽģοСͷڡ
ҸϽùɡţ˵ҵɡҴȥ
ֻеɡһΡҸϽɡ˰칫ҡ
ص˴ϣΰҵǰǶţһʱû˵
ʵôˣΰòЦЦлġллҵĹǻҺӵĺһ𡣡
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ҡҡͷҲʲôȻҲʶ㣬ҵѣΪЩ鵹Ҳʲô˼ҲлҡҵǾӦȥڿǲ̫ã̫̫һֱģһֱԸҶɱˡ
ΰ˵ͷһȥġҲЩҶ뵽ˣǸŮһ򶼺ܶ񶾣£һ㶼ϡ档ҲææչСҲֻչ
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ΰЦЦҲԣվҲҪԼԵġϾҪˡûбҪǻزˡΨһǣҡҲҵ顣
ҵ˵ͷףסԸڳﻮһµļƻҪĻ硣Ժġ
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ҵ˵ͷְΰյɡ͵档
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ϸұ˱ȭǿллˡȥɡ˵žҪߣͻȻתͷ˵ղǸϹʲôô˵Щл֣ðŻɢΣվͺ˵Щϻ˼˵Ҫߡ
ҸϽס˾ϸһ£˵ʲôϹΪ𣿡
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ϸҲ۾Ц˵ˣʮĹҿʮʮĹˡǸϹˡͨģǵźͶ̥ҲòꡣϹĹôһĹ»Ұʱ䳤ˣһͺһڰжҲ룬жٹڰġ
һȻֲҾе㲻Ծˣһ¹ľͿԳȷʵе㲻Ծץץͷиɻϸ˵öԣΰѾʮʮˣǿǴ⡣ǲ˲áìܰôأѵ֮ǰˣȴΪһֱûôģĿʲôأ
Ұ˼⡣ϸڷʵʲôǲǱǸϹƭˣ
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ϸһ˾鷳Ҫʲô֤ݣòԾôķϻ
ҵ˾ϸһۣҲɵģ˵վ˵ѵĸףӲˡ
ϸ̾˿ϵ̻Ҹױϣ˵ҲȥˣСƻˡ
䣬ǵǰϸ˵Ҫȥأͻˡô
˵ҲûʲôҲ֪ʲôҿѧǸ̫̫һ·϶ŵ绰һ仰˵ϵı飬ѵ绰ˤˡ
üͷЩסֻ˵ѵ绰ˤˣӦһֱ͵ǵǸ飬Щ˵̫̫ˡںˤ˵绰һıûеóѣЩܻˡ
׷ʵôˣ˵ͻصˣҾϣӡִ绰һˣôˣ˵ģֻҪǮλһ׵ġһѵ˵ҵ飿пܡ
˵ͽһ䡣ԭҲҪȥġǸ֣Ȼֲܿҿһһۣ湩һͷҲ֪Ǹʲôֲҽȥֻȴˡ
գգ۾ͷǡ


ʮ ͷ
ͷ룬ҵļǵǵ沢û񡣽˵Ǹ㣬㣬ζζֲһ治֪ʲôҾͦµģǲҽȥġ
ҵ߶ţͷҵĻ˵ջһ߹ڣһüͷһ֮ǰҴѧҵʱȥһ̩ΡҼǵ̩к񣬶ҲټʱһȥģûеΣܶĶҶסҲû˿ʡѵǸ̩һģ
һ飬˵ǸͷҲͦ˼ģһǶϵģߵǸ
ҵ˵ͷ룬ҵһͬѧ˵绰Ǹڿһ磬̩ҵǺһҰҵ˳ͬѧЦЦ˵ʶˣҵϰ֮ǰһֱǸҵġ˵Ǹ񣬾ͽͷӡȽ̼ӡеǻ֮Ƴϰ֮ʪѩɽŮߵٵľ֮ӡͷڹ㷺ڲشб죬ϲ죬ʥ죬ػձΪԲ֮Ͳ̩ͷ졯ӡȽУųϰ֮ǲ֮ѧʶ֮񣬴ǻۣżͳɹӡ֮Ϊͷ󸹱㣬ָͷǹ顢Ϊһ󡣡
üͷʵǶǺܶҶṩˡҲûа취ȷʲôˣ
ͬѧ˵⵹ǣڵǺ˹ˡǶǱߵ˹
ҺʵʲôΪʲôǸӡ
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ЦЦô˵Ǹˣҵͬѧ˵ǵҲһ䡶Ĳҹȷһʥϲ졯Ĺ£ҲǼʪĶӣͷ籩壬ֽС񡯣Ϊ˽ĻıΪһŮȥһŮӣĳʢӵŮӾܾ˵봥ҵΪַ𷨲һĪϰش˵Եȫ㡣ҹŮЦӵԺϣõĻģӶ˽Դϲʥϲ졯
ҵ˵ͷĹ˼һûѰһĸ
ҵͬѧ˵㵽Ҫ֪ʲô
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лǸͬѧŷµ绰㬵ӱϡʱСˡŶӶֻøЩԪ򣬲ƽС֡
ٿ죬ҲˡҲеˡȥԵ㣬ɫҲö˵һЩ»ҰֲŪЩһɢ¡Ҳˣ˰ɡ
԰˺ܶĳԵĶ˱棬һ¡ڰ칫
Ǹͷ񣬻Ǿú̫̫֡ļô޶˶˵ĹѵͻȻ񶫣ǵǸ֯Ǻ֯滹оͨͷ̩ͷʦѵǸͷʦ̫̫ļУ̳ϵƺͺܺýˡҪĻһҺܿµ飬ٶڡͷһǺ˽⣬ϹǸΣգ
ҷе棬ϲȻ˵˵񣬿Ҳû˵úڡͷһһ֪⡣Ȳ֪Ԥ֪νȡ
ԽԽľջǾӦΪǿϽҵͷʦ²Ҫҵ˿²סҪǺѵˡҽгС
ҺС˵£ϸ˵İɣһϣӦУ԰ڳһйһ֪Ǹ˵ġ
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ҸСһ˵ͷÿ˵ݸһСС졣Сɫǵɫһġϸ˵ҪǣһӦͿˡܶԶҲġΣգǵҲзӦҲл
ҵ˵ͷ˵СġСһΣһ̹󣬶ʧˡ
ҵһ֧̣ϣС᲻ҵһЩ
Сҵĵ绰ץ绰洫ϵǸͷѾӦˡǰ˼һ棬֮飬Ϳǵˡ
Һܸˣ̫ˣãһҪϢκҲҪߡммǡ
֪̬ԣ˵İɣҲ˵ġҲڲġ޼ҵˣһŹġ


ʮ ͷ֮
µ˴ϵĵ绰Ҳ֪ǸˣǽšҪ뵽ķＯţ˵Ǽٵġ׼Ӧòʲô⡣⼸쿴ҷ֯һص㣬Ϊ˱֤ϼİȫǵϵȻþֵ飬֮ϵҲ⣬һõĵط֮һп໥ȷ϶ԷݵĶҪôںúõһ¡
뵽ֲͨ˴ϵĵ绰Ǵϵĵ绰ȴû˽ӡȻеżǻӣ˵绰
ҵһֲϵĵ绰ǵ绰û˽ӣôأղŲŴ绰û˽ˣô£ǲǳʲô롣
ҷµ绰صҵĴУĵתȦһ̡֧һһֻ̳òˣҵĵ绰ҸϽץ˵绰ǵ绰ȴǴϵġǵ
СȻǹѹ͵ģˣ顣һ𣬹Ȼ飬ʵôˣ˵Ǹͷˡ
һ𣺡ˣɡôģ˵Ҳ֪ڵ飬ϸ缱ˣһҰƬ㣬Լɡ˵žʹҴҵķ˵绰
صĿӱϣʵ̫ͻȻǸһﾹȻھľˡȻû˵Ҳ룬ǸͷһȻģȻĻǲżڿǵΪ֮ƣֻܵȴƬֻпҲ֪ô¡
Һܽһһĳ̡ʱˣһֱͣҺ뵽ֳֿҲȥȻҪ뵽ＯŵڲҪ롣ֻϢ
ҵֻһ£һšġƬѾһ˷ܣ嵽˵Աϣ䡣
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ǾʲôûСӶûСҪɱκ˺ۣǲܵġͷǺ֡˹ˣǽȥġͷǱɱģֻйڲ˲ѵ
뵽ҵĺֱðǰ˵мڹΪ̰˽ܵ顣û뵽ɱˡȻͷˣͶˡǲҳеڹ¿²ðɡЩֻдϺ֪Ȼ飬һɹ
ϸĿһ顰ͷƬǲûпʲô˿ҲһĪչҶŵԳ˼֧̣վʵ̫ˡҲӦڸͷʬ졣Ҫ֪ʬĽ
绰˸šǲʬ죬֪ʬʱĶŻˡ߸ţн˸㴫ȥ
Ҫٷţ绰ˡǴϴġҽ绰˵ģͷˡ
֪ҿƬʲôֳô
ûʲôĺ֣Ǹط˸ȥҪɱĻһǾڹһɹݵġ
мһʱ˭ȥ
Ҿǿ˼زǶʱû˽ӽ֪ôµ֡й˵Һʹ϶һ¡ϵĻһôĻĲųǹ궯֡
ҲЩģʬĽɣ˵з֡
ҾȽءһҾ͸㡣ٿЩƬûʲô
ҷµ绰һεϸز鿴Ƭûջ̾˿ֿڴϡûӰӣĺˡѵǹΪĻĿˡ˵Ǹ֯ˣǿԲٿعֵġǸ֯ô֪ͷץסأ˵ڹˡֹڣǲöԸ
ʱѾ죬ɺܽǣһ֧̣ȥǲСûлҲ֪̫̫ǱʲôҸӷꡣ˷֮⣬ҵϺȣΪʲôһͻȻеЩأ
ָоһͺѿơԽԽȵܡͷȴһκҲûСµĵķָ꣬оץӸһе㲻ԡܵԡҳһˮ衣ûһı䡣Ҹӷ꣬صԼķ䣬ڴͷҸоԼȼһǿԼãɵķʽһȻúһЩһиĸоˡҲҵϽּԵָֿо
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҲŸеϵȶȥˡ֮һĺ䣬ԺĹ˱ӣǻ޷Լůһ㡣ȴʼһϸܵˮҵӿҸоͿһ⵽ôˣԺԼֲܸԼһ𰸡
ͻȻصһһѹɺءҺһ֪ǸͲţӦЩĵĹ»Ұڵңǡ
ôһ֮ĸоöˣҲôˡҲڳˡֻǸеӺܶͷҲܳԵõ´˳ܹҵĶ˳ֱҲװˣǻǺԶҾӲڣʵڳԲȥˣܵŻһ²ҪֻµķѶĶ˳¹˶»ˮֹס
аСʱ۵ͷ̧̫ҲסŻ¡Ǹһվˣ⣬˺ôþȻ³ӡӣǳӽƵɫͷи׵㣬ָСҺǾ³ô³ôĳӣʲôʱҵĶȥġҸղô෴ľٶǲǾΪֻӰָоһ£ҸоҵĻָˣеҲģ³ȥˣȻ͸ղŵĶһ
Ұ˳СĵװһһйŹ֡ǵôܵҵĶġҰ˼⡣
ʱҵĵʾһʼܵԱϣҷʼʬĽҺ˷ܣϽˡ
һ棬ˡ
ĸʽܲ棬ֻдڽʡͷĹУ֡ͷ棬кܶĳӡ
ôǳӣҺƣٿһųӵдƬҲгΪǳӺ³ĳһģһҪСܶࡣ


ڶʮ ͷ
صҵĴϣ͵Ļкǲ졣ΪʲôͷгӣѵЩӾǡͷԭĻеĳΪʲôˣû񡰽ͷһȥҺ͡ͷһĹˣû¡
ԽԽ֣Һ͡ͷһĵطһЩѵΪһû¡ӦģҸղŵĹٶҸȷţһֵֻáڳˣ˳Ȼûˡ˭ܰѳӷŵҵأҰ˼⡣
Щ飬ͻȻǰһΣһɳ֮󣬾ϸҵǰ˿ңЦʵôû˯
̾˿Ѿ˯һˡԼѵģǱѵġôֻˣأ
ϸЦЦǻڿţȻ˵˵ϻҪȥġ
ҵ˵ͷϸ˵˵ļлйŹ֡ǸУһˣٳһ㣬˿ɲһ˵ҲܱŤߵˡ
ҿ˿ϸʵģϸһЦ֪ԼɡǼҿǿˣǸͷ֮⣬кܶЩ񶼺Сҿ
ʵΪʲôȥϸҡҡͷȥģжǽȥǼӶܡ
ҵ˵ͷҲµĲӦǸзˡֻǲ֪ʲô·ӡ
ϸ˵Ǹ̫̫һֱٴ绰ڵǮĿܴ󡣡ҵ˵ͷûн赽ϸ˵˵˼ǽ赽һЩǲҲϢˡҲܳġ
Һ֣Ϊʲô̫̫ᵽǮһʲôƻȲҶǸڷ˸ȤҶԾϸ˵̫̫ûкͶڷǸ˽ǸͲ˵涼û
ָָ³ĳӣԾϸ˵ӣ𣿡ϸһۣҡҡͷ˵ûǿкܶ࣬ںڵСһʲôҲ֪ҿǸˣ浹ɫҺ塣üͷݾϸҸ޷֪ʲô֮һֹŹ֣Σաҿһȥҿʦɡ
뵽վԾϸ˵Ҵ֪ˣȥɡҪȥһˡϸ˵ͷáٿҲбķ֡˵žϸˡ
ҿ˿档ѾʼҼ򵥵ʰһ£ͳšϴŵʱ򣬷ּаɫĴϣӡ˺üѪӡĿġҡҡͷЩǹǺȥҵķӣŪϼǺţǡ
˳ٵǽСʱ仹磬·ûʲôнԽԽ졣ƽʱ˺ܶࡣһֱСӲżͣСǰ
Сųţ֪ҪҲΪ棬̧˽ȥһֱ˿棬ָ̧ҪšŴˡվſڡ
쿴˿ңüͷ΢΢һ¡˵ˣҵ˵ͷˡ
ת˽ȥСϡĶ档쿴˵ɫܲ˶ˣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪һҪҪģҲ֪ǲжˡ³ӡ֡
˵ţóװųӵϴݸ˿졣ùϴӣ˺ܾò˵аģӦǡơֽͷ㱻˽ͷ
ȻҲµˣӿʦ˵һǺܾȡʵʲôͷ
ҡҡͷʵҲǺֻ֪ǽͷʲôͷҲҶҲûʲôо֪һַǳ񶾵ķԭԴأǲرߵϱ̵Ķ֮ȥһչֽͷӦǴӿڶġʳ⡣
üͷЩ鶼Ϳ˵һ顣˺ܾã˵̫̫Ǯ̩һˡЩ½ͷĽͷʦϲ⣬ҲԸͱ˵ǸСЩСĶӦýͷĳѡĺɫҺ壬ǽͷ֭ǺܶĶҩƶɵģЩѡ
ҵ˵ͷԭô˵ǸͷҲ˽ͷΪʲôˣȴǺúõġѵʲôͬ
ЦЦȻͬͬҲͬҪǣкĻ۸ûС˵ŪƶǶʵ۸ʲô»۸ΪʲôûС
Цֻ᲻Դֶ˵Ҳ˵˵ǰ顣̫̫Ƕ񶾣ҪСˡ
ҵ˵ͷǰû뵽ҾȻ֪˽ͷͷôҵأ
˵ֽͷԺܶ;£ֻҪѽͶˡ˵Ҳ˵˳֣Ҳбİ취½ͷˣ
˵ͷȻԿԽ취ʲô취ԡҲһҪóѣҲɳ˯ŵ˵ĿС֮Ƿʤ
к޺޵ģ̫̫Ƕ񶾣Ȼ˸ô񶾵ĽͷҪءԣҺ͡ͷеĽͷһģôҵĽͷʦǲǺͺͷĽͷʦһأ
쿴ڷ˵пһˣΪ̶ֳȵĽͷʦ࣬һˡºܲܵġ
Ҳϰ߿Կ͸ĵˡ˵ʲô֪
ʵûʲô취Եֶأ˵廹ϵˡҪ⽵Ҫ½Ľͷʦֻ֪취
üͷǰɣȥǸͷʦʷǲаɡôң
ЦЦСȻа취֪Ľ⡣ǺǣСǶӦУǧСˡǺģԸ㣬Ҳ컯Īǡ
˵ʵӴǿʼҾͶղЩҲ֪ԼǲˡֻϣǲҪǻСô˵Ҳܸˡһе㲻ףʵǿʦ˹;һǲǲð
ҡҡͷҲǲﶼдڵĵ˺͹ԭһɹͶ̥ˣѭʲô˺͹أҲֹ޵Ϊ˳ħҲеĹǲõģкûȻҲкû͹ཻûġ
ҵ˵ͷʦĻеֻҪǺöľͿԳΪѣͺ񡰲ͷһǡ롱ǹҶ塣ǾͿѣСҲһ
˵㲻Щͷݻ۸лֻڻûЩаҪȴҲϼѡ


ڶʮһ 㻯
ҿſ죬֪лҲ֪ҾҲҵġʵһֱףңȻЩģûʲôɺϣһеżȻǱȻĽ
ЦЦҲãɵˡһϣҲˡٺ٣ʦ𣿡
ЦЦˮڹˮСڻϣࡣԼ֣ʳ
˿˼ЦߵԺӵУԺӵУһ裬ıһɰҴɰĸӣˮʹסȻģ˱ˡ
ľ̿˴ľ̿ȼǵ˺ܾҲûеȼľ̿뵽Щϱֽȼľ̿ǸߵſڣеЩľ̿ɲǷľ̿ľ̿ˮҲ޸֮ˮ׸ǷƷԣôǵ㲻ŵġ
ͣ˽Ųͷʵô죿ô
ЦЦףõػ𡣡ҿЦһյģȥҵ׵ػ𡣱ˣʦ
Цˣҵ׵ػȻף˻á
ʵΪ˻أ˵Ȼǡζˡ
һ˵ζ㱱ɣ㱱ɾʹùȻʱ㱱ɵĹۿۣǡζȷʵʵŪ⡮ζ𡯣
˵Ķ࣬ҵ˵ͷˣҪҵ־
Żıϣֻ۾Ż裬ԼĹгһ㣬ؼеָϣſλ𡱣ҷ˺öȴûн
˵洿࣬ҪԼĴڿգһʲôҪ룬ֻһ¡νķң谭ܱһƽģءղܵõɡ
ҵ˵ͷŬԼ뵽һҵľ硣ʱҸеһƬĿտһƬĿհסʲôûСֻһ״ĶҵӿڣҸекһһ緢⶯ָֻһ죬Щľ̿ϡҵָ͵ðһɫĻ棬Ƕľ̿һӾͱȼˡܵĻ硣
ҾϲĿǶԵȼľ̿ٿԼָĵĲ֪˵ʲôźáֻеĿ˵ããѾ޳ˡλǿ˵ʤķλ𡯿մκζûħֲġȻֻԿžѾõ֮ϲϲ
ָ֪ҡ£ֵõָ㣬ʮֵĸ˵ءҰɰŵ֮̿ϡ̿ıϡԿ˵ҿ㱱ʹùζǺģֻǵʱĹĺܴҪ»
˵ģĹΪߵķȻǿӹһأ֮ǻġϣԾ˼Ҳлᡣ
һؽе˵ỹЦЦ궼˵ô֮ˣֻһǿԼģֻǿʲôĴʲôĿˡΪأ֮Եδ֮Իͷ֮ʱʱ֪
һһ֪⣬Լ㱱ɣһǺܸˡȻദʱ޶࣬Ҳһˡ֮ദĺ졣ʣҺϹ֮ǰһΪƭһֱе顣˵ҵȻܸˡ
Һʲôʱ֪׷Ҳûõģ˵ǲ׷ʵģҪǲ˵׷Ҳûá
ų񣬿ˣһعȻɰе෭ţŨССҸղóȴûŵ㡣
Ұɰ˵ɣĵȥʱȴߵ㶼ûע⵽ִţǻʧܶණġ
˵ˡͻȻе֣˵Ļż֡ҪҲһ¡һʱ벻׵ġ
ҶڿĶ棺ʦΪʲô˵Ļֵֹģǲ㻯ʲôֱ˵ɣ
óľͷŵ棺ȻҪ㻯Ȼ˵ҪסܶʲôڣҪִšкܶĹҪϣԳŵ󡣡
ҿ˿죬ŵһ࣬ޱȡŴɿڡ˳˼ζϴγԵһû뵽һ࣬ôԭϣϡζ𡯾ȻôóԵĶ
ֺһڣǿȴûжֻЦеĿҡҶԿ˵Ϳ֮࣬ʮ֮˾šҾĲ࣬Ҳ֪ԼǲǿԳŵȥһᾡġʦҲడ
һֻһࡣͰѵˡʵôˣĲֻһھͲˡ۾˵һھ͹ˣν֪㳣֣ܶණǿ󲻵áеʱϧûеʱ򣬾ͷ¡
ЦЦѣûôء㲻ȣҶ˾ˡ
˵İһ඼ȵˡֻһ΢ЦſңҲ˵
һߺ࣬һ߶Կ˵ǽϳŵʱϱӡ˼Ѫӡ֪ʲô˼
ЦЦϲˣǡӡԩˡ
ҷ˵˵ǰɣҲϲҡҲµǡӡЩԩΪʲôҪң
ЦЦǸ׷ɱֵá֪Ѿнһûз׷ɱˡҲŰѵһˡЩԩ˵Ƿǳѵá㻹ԼСİɣ֮Թϲ㣬ΪĵԽǿĹԽ졣ҪԸҪĳɳ
ҡҡͷЦһ£ҲԹϲٺ٣ҲԡЩȻӿ£ҵôֻϴǸһ꣬Ǻ
ҡҡͷУкܶûгҲҪ֪ڶԸĹʱǺõġġֻһ󷨡㻹һԡɹ󡯣ʥĸ󷨣ҪϧЩᣬкô
ҵ˵ͷˣҵȷʵûҪץʱˡ
ȹ࣬Ҹе㡣ϵģϵġȻ֪쵽Ҫ㻯ʲô֪Բǻ£ĻҿĻȥĥȻֻԸһ࣬ǶġͺҵĴӪ˵ʱʧʱѵʱﶼҵĸ塣ҿ˿һۡһиС


ڶʮ ð
ҳС˳嶼еࡣԭҪȥ룬ܻᱩ¶ֻŲȥ·Ͻӵ˵ĶšԭĸԱĳӡҲܹȥֻҸǼһЩǮ
һصָϹ˸绰˵һ£СԼԵʳϹǸңݺݵ˵̫̫вһݵİ취ǲˡУǻеġʱ򣬺ڶˡ
Ҳ֪Ϲ˵öԣ̫̫ȻǸ֯йһʱһ㲻ʲôϵԻǲֻ̫̫ܶȰοϹ齻ҰɣκϽ鷳ҲòϷַԼһҪСģСĳԵĶ
绰ҵ氲˲١ǲ֪ΪʲôѾ԰ȴû룬԰Ҳʲô£ˡҼҾһһҲµġҸͷͷԼҲ׼ȥԵ㶫ͻȻǰһΣɫĴǰ
һ㶣ʵôˣ˵ǼһҹֱǸŮ˳ˡϸȥˡֻʣ»ҡŮ˳ȥãǸҲˣת˺ţ˳ȥȥˣӦҾͻˡ
Ǵ˵죬һ˵мͣаСҪǲǹͱˡҪӦһ󣬲״˵ȥ
ЦŶԴ˵֪Ҳ˵ôɡ˵һҪһӲסǸΪʲôֻҪţ
˵ǸзһСˣһ͹ˣױֵģԻֻӦҪûб£ҾͻȥˡһҪӡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʲôǴһ̵ĲˡҡҡͷСӻǸӡڿСǲ̽ͺ
ڼһеסˡȥǲӦȥģ߽ˣԶԶĿҲá뵽ҸϽţûԣֱӱ᳡ķȥҵ˻᳡˳ڸ濴˿ʽѽβ˶ܱݣҲУӺ۾޺ˣҲܲܡĬĬĸ˵˼
̧ͷʱȴվԶáվͱ˲һϵı֣Χո޷ȾվãȻ֪ԼڲμΪѾսСһ²ؼӡҺ֣ЩҲͬ־Ҫ˵ǿҪǿö࣬Ѿ޳⸱ģеĴҲᡣֻӡôأ
ص˼ʻңԶšľȻı飬Զ濴ֻãȻ
룬óɫС죬һɫǰҶ˵ǲǺ;ϸڼ̫̫˵ͷ
ʵϸһвУֵ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ͷָָڸе˵Ҹʲôǵ˵ͷһΣˡ
ͷβһ仰Ҳ˵ЦЦЩСе˼
ʱ򣬸ʽѾˡ˷׷˳˴ϵĳ򹫰ֵķȥ绰ٴ绰Ȼҵĵ绰
װģڼ°ˣһ͹ȥ
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̾˿Ҳϸһ̣һҲ֪㣬ҹ࣬ģһۡȥԵ㶫ȻؼϢɡ
ҵһ£Цŵ˵ͷҰѳҵϣҵһҸߵҪЩһθڲǺܺãֻǳһ㣬ͲˡϺ࣬θͨˣټ̫Գ˺ܶණ
ҳ˶ЦЦθڵǺܺðҪϣŰ͵˵ˡ˵˺͡ͷһĳӣҲ˺͡ͷһĽͷҲŵĹǺ֪ûˣһ
ǶڡͷֲǺסҲֻܴŵ˵һ˵ΪҲǺס̾˿ô˵ֶһͷ黹ûа취Ūʬ죬˺ܶĳӣҲûŪЩʲôģҲûд
ҿƣӣ˵ؼҰɣؼҺú˯һ˵ͷ
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е֣ϣ¬ôҴ绰ˡ
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˵ãǾͲȦˡ˺ܾãֻæҲŷġ
Ŷʲôôءʵ
˵ʵҲûʲôһҲñ֪
ЦЦҲûʲôҵıϾбۣҶǾװ޵ġܲҪҰ˾ˡ
˵е;ҪԵİȫһһĵطֺܷ㡣ټõķϵͳ
˵ˣ֪ҪʲôǲҸѡ
ҵ˵ͷԣǸ˼ս˵ѹеؿţֱӿ³С
Цˣİɡ֪˼Ϣ֪ͨ㡣Цˣлл㣬±ñ֪ңͲҪ֪˺𣿡
Ц˵İɣҰ£һûġ
ҷ˵绰һ̡֧˺ܾãŷԼεǲࡣȻʱ䲻ҸеԼ
뵽ãõָҵԺС²ؼıãȻҺ֡Ҳһǹ¥Уܵ˹ȵľţԲ
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ְңСҪûǣôɵˣûзǾ޷ӵġ
ţ⴫һ𣬿˿ʱ䣬һ̣ʲô˻ʱ򵽷ã


ڶʮ ʦү
һվߵſڣ濴˿ҿԼһˣӲߣЩͺӿǸӲߡ
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һ˻Ƶ˵紵Ϻң
һ㶣ʶһ䰵ҲڻǡϾš֮ϵİ֮ǰʶһϾšˣ֪һЩġпڡҳǰȻң
˵ġ
ҸϽţȻһӲߣЩͺվſڣ˴һڿ۾ЦЦĴҡҲЦЦ롣
Ҳ̧˽ȥһξ͵ҵķӵǰǰ¶һ֣û˵ʲôߵǰһơЦЦ߽˷䡣
˷䣬´һ£ҵķ滭ķ䡣üͷ΢塣ҿɫ˵ɣǱҵİ칫ҡ
ֿ˿ңЦŵ˵ͷҽ˰칫ҡ˴ϣһߵɳϡ
ʵգЦЦ˵˵ҲǼٵģͽҡʦүɡ
ҵ˵ͷҽ¬˵˵ͷ˵¬Ҳ˵ͷʦү֪ʦүʲôأ
ʦүЦЦǡϾšˣȻ²֮ЩҺҪĶ
ҹװͿЦ˵ϵĶ٣֪ʦүҪһأ
ʦүҲЦЦ˲˵ҵ֪һֻǧˮõԽ
۾˿ʦү΢Ц˵ǶǼֵƣǳ˫ɶԵĶֻҪһɷ羰Ѿһǲñһá
ʦүҲЦ˵ضʣܿ۰ɡֻҪûǮⷽǲġ
˵ⶫɶԣֵǮҿɲмתۣ˭á˵أ
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ҵ˵ͷǰҰѶûǮģû뵽ȻǸӡҲϵǡҲЩ治ƵĻ׳⡣Һż֣ⲻһ˵飬Ҳһ¡
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ʦүҲ˵ͷʲôʱԿأ룺ɡ֮ǰһȥô
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Ҵʦүߵ˿ʦүͻȻվס˽Ų˵¬֪Ϊʲôļлôķ䣿ѵ
ҿЦһ£û취ڤʵǶ࣬ǳڹĹУһЩǰЩҲǺ˳иֵܳ飬Ҳ񲻶ģԾŪЩЦˡ
ʦүֿ˿Щ䣬˵ЩҲǸˡȻһ󡯹ȻЩУ֪λ˸ķأ
ҿʦү˵ɹˣЩԼŪáɲҳʲôˡ
ʦү۾һȵ˵Լģû¬ᣬȻЩַ
Ұ˰֣ˣǼҼҴϾŵ⣬ЩȻҲ˽һЩⶼǼҴˣû뵽ʦүȻҲǴи֡ҲӦǡ
ʦүҡҡͷҸʲôֻ֪ЩƤëȻ¬кܶڤʱ䵹ϣԼһ£֪¬ǲǷأ
ЦЦӲͷƤ˵ҪȻû⣬ʱһ𵽿ȥˡ
ʦүһʩ񣺡ǸмˣʱһҪ߶ŵġˣˡˡɡ
һǰʦү͵ſڡʧڽβַص棬ص˴ϡ
ͷĶáʦүһǸＯŵˡȻʦүҲ֯صȻôǮھͿԴӦӦ֪ͨ㱱ɵͽܺʹϡǶ׼
ȴͨ˺ĵ绰ӵҵĵ绰˷ܣ¬ôǲʲôϢ˵ѾҵǸңӦһǧ˰򡣡
ǿģģ̫ˡ̫ллˣ¬ʲôʱأ
˵ڽϣһȥû⣬ͻύףʲôط
˵˵ַ˵ҲҪ׼ԷʲôҲ֪ҲҪڳԺڡȻ˿Ҿû취ˡ
˷ܾȥ١һ£лл¬ѡǻСĵģİɡ
ҷµ绰ָϴ˸绰ϣǸֽϵĹѾãһ˹ҹˣ˵ҪǧˮԼڽջ
ϺܸˣãͷСӻ¡ô
˵ǽ׽ȻȥץҡһҪܵĽУκ֪ھҲܡҪСһá
һʲô㻳ãģģ
Ҵ˴ϵĻȱ𼤶ȷʵǻáпܲԼ˼ñʲôͺ񡮽ͷ
һ˵һܽܡҾҼŵŵģץסֱ֮͵ΰ￴ͱյĶˡԼҪСģһΣգԼİȫҪ
˵ˣϴ衣ѾǼϣòˡ˵ЩˣҵģҵȻСġİɡǵãСá
ҷµ绰ĳһͻȻ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬵վҵҡ
ҿ˿˵㻳ãҵ˵ͷȷʵǿ׷ʱԶ۲õ̬Ⱥ⡣һǱ˿ˣʲô
żô죿ҪãҵͬѧЩһֱһǺܺõѵġ취ָɡ
̾˿ʱһûа취ʦҲȥˣʦֻԼ취֪⣬ҲԸٵˡȱżһдӳ顣
Ҳ侲˲٣ĵ˵ͷ˵ʵԴӴǼݰȳ֮þе㲻ԾΪǱŵˡ룬ĸ˶ˣֻţȷʵе⡣Σհɣ
ҡҡͷֻҪãͲΣաҲãһЩϢҪȷǲǱ˿ˡǧҪֳ
˵ͷ֪ˡ


ڶʮ 
ǺܵĵӣҲ֪˵ҲûáʵװģϢ𣿡˵ͷöˡ˯һ̾˿˵ղ˯ʱѾϵˣҪǧˮͷûƭˣĹ滹õġ
˵ͷˣҾġûйϹĺܵ㡣
ĦŵĳЦЦղϴ裬㡣ģҲµġ
ͷҵĴһ£һǻᵣģȻ֪㲻¡ڸˣı˿ˣʲôô쵼أùĻá
ҵû뵽һ㣬ȻǱ˿ˣû֤ݣҲûа취˵Щ޻飬û˭أȷʵǸ⡣
˵˵ɡһᾡ֤õİȫѾȥˣֻҪ뵽취Ҿͻýⶾġ⼸ûµʱҪ죬˵˵£˵Һ֣ĥ͸Ҳ֪һ쵽æʲô²͸ңܷա
˿ҵ˵ͷ˼Ҷһֱˡ
ЦЦıϹһ£ܴ𣿺ٺ٣
ЦЦͻȻʵ˸㻹˭ɳȥģ
ЦЦŶȷе˵ˣǸһС
ƲƲͣЩǶﺦô㣬ƭˡ
ұŵҵĻУ˵˵ţôƭ㡣ġ
ҵĻû䣬ǰһΣһ󣬾ϸǵǰȻϸһǶһЦ˳
˿̵ľϸվҵǰԼ۾Ц˵ϣ߰ûû
һֻưСľϸǺ档ͷ˵˵С
ҵ˵ͷЦЦ棬·˭İɣ
ϸЦ˵Ųأɫÿ˵ɫеģҵĺɫǶӦġ
žϸֻǾú˼ϸҲĺϲϣ淭˸ͷ档
ԽԽ˼Ȼе㰮֡ϸ˵ҸǸ̫̫һȦ˺üˣ˵˺ܾá
ʵ˵Щʲôϸ˵ҲûʲôҲ󶮣ĵ˼ǽǮܶǮ
ҵ˵ͷ֪̫̫һûʲôġǮҪΪѣҶԾϸ˵Ҫǲ˵˼ͰĻҰɡ
ϸ˵ͷûˡ˼˵Ļˣ֪ϻ£ȥ
ҵ˵ͷ㵹ǾϸĽȷʵ¡ʱ򣬼¡ȥɣ
ϸһһˡ
˵ЩС˼Ŀȥ̽Ϣ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷǺģʦҲ˵ǺġֻҾǻҵģֻʱľ
˵ǰ˵ϸȻƤЦģǹǺܰġҿǣҪЩʲô
ЦЦǳȥԵ㶫ɣһ¡
˵ͷȥʰһ¡
ҺЩҰͻؼ֮ҲŴҴҵĸϻص˼ҡʰͣҲҲ׼ʲôһЩаĶǲٵġ
ҿ˿һҡͷβ׼ҳȥġͷ룬Ĳʺϴšͷȥֻͷԡͷ˵ûй֣ȥˡҪһЩ˴򽻵Ҳﲻæ
ͷĵĿһۣ˵ɣҪΣգ˹֣С㡣
ͷ룬ȥٿңڵĳͷֻ̾˿ͷԴ
պڣ׼ʱ𡣾ϸҲ˳ҵ塣ҵ˵ͷ˳ȥֻʦүվ⣬ҵĴš
Ǽ棬һ¡ʦүһƣҿǵſͣһɫûӵļӳɫ߼γûڿֱ˳ʦүҲ˳һ̵Ŀˡ
ڳϣҸ˾ַ˾򺫹ڵĵطȥʦү˿ң΢΢ĳ鶯һ±ӣƺʲô
ʦүƺҲеģ֪ǲǸҵľϸע⡣
ֻò⣬ʵʦүҴûʬ⣬֪·𣿡
ʦүЦЦȻǺģйʬ壬񰣼ľ˸ӵĴʬйĸʬܶ඼ͨģԺƷãһЩʬпܷʬ䣬ټйŴŵ·ҲۼܶؼҶйĹʬȤԺֵǮ
ҵ˵ͷǰҲ¹εأҲлʬȻҲúܲվܱǮҲûдʲô⡣ԺҲ԰ҿĺõʬùˡ
ʦүЦЦܻӭһߡǧˮ㱱ҵģҵǼһΣȻû˵֪˵ܸߡһεġǧˮ˭ҵأ
˵ʵߡǧˮҲҵġһֱ׷Ѱߡǧˮ׷˺ԶĵطҺҺһץʬġ˵ɽл飬Ҿʹʬˡҵ˵û뵽Ǯϰˡ
ʦүЦЦ¬¹أƷʬѹϴаĶ¬ôģǶҲ򵥡
ףϴŵıаĺڹѪЩʦүע⡣һ龪
ֻ˵ǲ֪ǸҲ̫ˡϣҵкüѪӡҾ׼Է⣬ʦүЦˡ
ʦүЦЦеģ׵ЩģЩѪӡȻ£ϾǽҲǲֵһģЩֻŻŻˣûµģҪ
ҸЦŵ˵ͷ
˵䣬Ѿ˳ǽĹϡһ⣬ڻζ
˳·˳ʦүҲ˳ҶԺ˵λʦүɹġ˵ãʦүǮ𣿡ʦүЦЦλСֵܵǸӣǮȻˣأ
ЦЦ˼ֵǶƴġе㼱ơʦүЦˡҴȥʹظ绰Ǯ¬ҵѡȻ߸·ô
ʦүνЦЦõģɣ
ҿ˿⣬ʹ˸ɫȴ֪ʲô˼һ˴Ӻ˳ߵߣȵĺЦЦݸһ̡֧ʦү߽˺ڰУԶưܵĹȥ


ڶʮ ҹĹ
֪ߵǸһǺͺһϵġҶҲûʲôȤȻҲֻǷһ¡һĵĳ̣һ߿Ǳֿ߲ǱߵΡ΢΢ĲȻǺܼġ
Ҳѹ֣ϾͿ֣ͻһǧˡô᲻أʱⱲʱˡ
֪˶˾ֻˡ˾˵˼䣬˹˵ǱѾȷûˣʦүҰǮ㡣
ҵ˵ͷǸ˾ߵ䣬óӡŵ˵ϡͬһӴȥ˴ӣĿţ̰ıдϡ
Ǹ˾һ˵¬ʦү㣬ǲǻؼңҪǻؼңȥ
ǸֱͬĿЩǮûʱҡҲֻҡҡͷ˳
ͬʱԾϸ˵ǸʦүСĵ㡣ǼһеϸһΣˡ
һص˼Уǵ飬ԽԽúΣաûӦԣǸʦүŹǵģʦүһĳһаյӣһЩʲôͻ֪Ҫʲôк¡
̾˿˴ϡʱɫĽҵǰվû˵һɺˮž͵ϡ
һôҴؽеιôˣ
ǽһҲ֪һʲô飬Ӳ̫ãҸϽһš˽ϡһŶһ¡ҸϽ
΢˵ˣұǸһķŪˡʵϵ𣿿ңô㡣
һ˵ҵķҺöˡһУֻķûûü㿪
ʵܹôôеģЦһҸǸһֱ˳ǱߵĹĹǼһܵϡһʯͷϴһֱһߣһֱڣͻȻ֣͵һЩĹеĹһӶ˳ЩǶˡΪͶڱϣû뵽УҲһ㱻˽ȥҵĻʧһЩҲҵܹǿҲǿܻ
ʵô㣿˵Ұڸ󣬰ҷŵλϣϼͺˡ
ҸϽóһƲ滭еλãҵѪ˻Ʋм䡣Űǽŵˡλϡ˵ҼǵôžģҲ֪òáһԡ
˵ͷá첻ܰ̽Ϣˡҡҡͷ˵Щˣ㸴ԭҪȺ˵ɡأ
˵Ĺ԰ǱߣԶԶļء
ҵ˵ͷʵǸһǲǻĹ԰ɽϣ˵ӦûڣҪʲô
Һһȥ˳Ҫ㱨𡣺Ϣɡҹȥ
˵Щʲôڻû˵ҽˡͷ˼ţҵĳ
ҿųĹصķȥߵġͷ˷ܡǸһȻ򵥣ȻϵȥĹꡣֻǲ֪ʲôŹ֡ôҲҪһһǵÿʦĻ廹ϵˡҪ⿪ϵĶͱҵˡҶ˺ܸȤҵҪô¡
뵽ҲӿٶȡҶԡͷ˵סˣҪȥĹأܶ࣬ûǵģͲҪŪ˼ˡǲҪУ֪̫ˣҽеġ
ͷһۣƲƲ͡ˡ
ҵĹصĴſڣĹصĴѾˡ롣ѳһߡáͷդҷ˹ȥ
ҿ˿ֱʮ㣬ҹʱ֡ĹһƬɭ֮СϵԲ£ҵĹâ˾﷢ͷںƺĻʺǰ档
ҵǰʱаӰ֪ǶЩ꣬ڸεóһ䣬ӭһΣЩ궼ԹԵĶ㿪ˡҵǰҲ徻ˡ
С·һֱɽɽһС֡óɫһ£ҵǰҵʵǲǻɽϣ
˵԰ǣĶӣˮסôˣǲ˺صˡɽϣҲҹȥҪˡҲû֪ô¡
һ˵˺ܶ࣬ҡҡͷ˵ˣϲҲ֪ѾŪˡҲ𿿵̫ȥԺڸ˵ͷʧˡ
Һ͡ͷֱϡһŴ棬ɽȥȻɽһʯͷϣһˡҵ¹£ҿԿǸˣĴź֣·ǰƬ֡ϵһͷҲϵһӡӺǷʴ󣬿ȴġ̩˵װ
ʱǸ˵Ķӹĵúܴĺһˮס͸ӺǿֲҲһ꣬
֣߳ͷظҵߡ춯͵ҵķ򿴹һɣ˹
һû뵽һ˵֣ͳ֡׼˰벽һʹˡаʽġְԡⱻҵİԵסˡԭûġһ̫ˣһʱˡ
ܵ˹ߵġͷһӴ˹ȥûж³һ⡣ͷ㲻һŴ죬ֱӰ˿У˹ȥٶһ㶼ûм͡
аЦһﲻ֪ͷһͿˡͷ֪ǲǡͷһʳٶЩء
ǼһһͷһڳԵꡣֳצǰʹһε˵ǰ
ͦŴӣȥ˵ŷֵģ˭
ЦЦһĽͷˡһܣҵĽͷˣûлġЦ˵ĽͷҲôáҾûʲô¡֪ӦðӸúüһ¡
һһŴ죬͵һ˹˵ĶҲȥ
ǵܴ֣һкܶ꣬Ķ˳ȥ
ҸںһСְԡסǵ⡣ǰһܣһСβȥ
˻æһһһҽȥˤʯͷ档
ҲһСҹ̽ȥڵһһߡͬʱһ֣һץҵļϡ
ֺֻצһӳҵ·ҵļץۡҳʹƺһһǡ˫˵ǰץȥ
ȴãҵ˫ץԼҿ¶һ˿Цݡԣթ˫Ѿˡֻԭʽ䣬ȥ
ͻȻ˵·һſؿͻȻһĴ죬ָҧ˹


ڶʮ ͷʦ
һѾˣֻӲͷƤİŴСȴ˵һЦ
ҸеһʹѪ˳֮һŴ칾һְҵ˳Ҳŷ˳ȥͬʱͷɱͷһһײ˵ϡַͷ˵ϡ
֮£ˣҵ˶Ƥˡվͷվһߣ˳ɶԳ֮ơ˿˿ң˵ĹЦЦ˵Ҳûааôʱ䣬֪˭ҡҡͷȻ˵ƤˣҵҲᡣƽɫҽ¡Ҫסҡ
ҵ˵ͷҵȻס㡣ô˵̩ˣǽͷʦ
ЦЦҵ˵ͷǾͺˣ֪ĽͷôأЦһ⽵֪ô⽵ҾͲˡ
ҵ˵ͷҽôҲҪסˡʧˡҶšͷһʹɫͷȥ
µɫ΢䣬ղšͷһڳԵ꣬ײһ£¸㲻ͷ·ԡͷΪɵټһߣĶԸͷҪԿ
һһתһŶҶ˹ؿڣӭˡͷҴضԡͷеСģؿŴ졣
ͬʱҶĶҲˣҸ㿪֪ŶȻڰͻȻɢһӰСϸ룬͵һһߡȥЩƺڿһתΧ
һ֣óˡҫʡڿһ衣ЩųĶҴ䣬ǻкܶҵġҫʡ䵽ҵϡֻеһʹ֪Щ򵥡ҸϽͳһѷ䣬ȥ
վ棬Щҵϡ⣬ЩС׷ױˡ˵ϡʱ򣬡ͷǱߴҸϽǱ߿ȥֻͷںͲǰ廨ҧŴѾͷӺһӡǳӵڲµϡ
һ˹ȥһСඥµͷϴȥһҺúõˣһ壬Ҫ㿪ؿڵĳӺ͡ͷһ𣬸޷㿪¸Ͻָ񵲡ֱֻײһҸеµֱۺǼӲҵֱһʹҸϽУһСβȥ
±޿ɱܣһĶϡһУԸˡͻȻ´һţһѺɫĳӴӲµĿһģϽ
ЩأһġԽԽࡣΧ˵СҸϽͳ䣬ڵһȦӡЩһӱҵġȻЩӺǾҵķ䣬ǻǲϵҵӿЩһ䣬ðһɰ̣ɺڻҡĲǰʬ壬ǲϵȦӿ֪ɵȦӳŲ˶áЩԽԽࡣ
ͷƺҲҧ˼ڣſͣҲȦ档ЦһҲˣ궼ŪˡִңҪһӡߣԸЩӰɣҿҪˡ
˵ţɽ±ȥŲ·ȥֻʣҺ͡ͷЩӡԴſʦǹࡣǰѡζ⶯һССĻҵָ⡣ָһ⡣䵽ллм䡣
ǵ⣬ͬ͵СصһȼƬ̼ܻ졣ЩڻбյžġԭЩ»𰡣ŷ
˿ͷҲˣǱŴҧġҶԡͷ˵ˣǼһﶼˡȻȥɡ
ͷһɽͷɽϣѾϨҡҡͷդ˳
ȻǸ¡һе㲻ˡԭΪֱץס⽵ķ뵽һаŪҺ͡ͷˣûס
ǼһϵĴôأ쵹ǺЩӵͣѵҲֻӡֻ˺ͳӵĽ壿뵽Ҳее㷢䣬Щġ
ѵΪаҪԼŪ˲ˣ治ġǿ¡
ʱһصԼļҡҿкܶĹ꣬ҼҵſεһˣȴҹҲ֪ҪôֲҶԸңȴҼҵſתơ³ͷҲЩ궼һߡֵԶԶĿǡҵԡͷ˵ǲǣҲҪȥǡҿɲСͷһʾ֪ˡ
ҽԺӣԺһƬžûЩꡣеƣΪʲôЩ겻ҵԺӡ
Ҫ򿪷ţͻȻף͵ȥһһӴ˳һλεĵֱҵĲӸ˹
һǰѵ˵ȥ˵󣬺һĴ룬쳣Ļ壬ҵָס˵˷һҵײ˹һ˫ֻס˵⡣Ǹ˵ȥһշҵİӡһҵĲĨ
һﵶǸɱ֡ͷͻȻӲݴ˵ҧȥûзͷһҧϡƺһӵ򡰲ͷȥͷսһߣſ˲ݴСһӴ䵽ԺǽϡԺǽϷһȥˡ
ûȥ׷ϣ˿ߵǽͷϣ˵һ̲ѪҸϽóһŻֽ˵Ѫմֽϡ
߽ӣĴĿ˿滹ӡûбߵ˺ĵطҸϽؽеСƣСơ
һһ߽еˣſ˿û°ɣ˵û£ղŽˣҶ
ʵôõ𣿡ЦЦöˡұˣ
ҡҡͷ֪㲻㣬ҴǸһٺٵЦЦллˣ
ҡҡͷӦõģץס⽵һҲͦģŪ˺ܶĳӣܵˣȥˣܲġˣղǸ˽ʲô
˵ҲûʲôֻǶſڵĵطڵ㡣
ҵ˵ͷմѪĻֽŵϡҼǵÿֽͨҵϮҵǸһ
˴ϣһ̡֧ղǼһַרҵȻĵһֱҵҪǻһ֣ɱҡôʲôأ
˺ܾãҲ벻סȴֳĸԱӡֱϮҵˣɱǵǸˡ
ңֲҪҵʲôأѵʦүйϵţţҾȻŴ˯ˡ


ڶʮ 
һ绰ҾѡҷԼϣչһƣ壬Ħ˼ѣץ绰洫ϵˣȥˡ
⻰˵ûͷûβһˡʵˣ̾˿ԣˡַɾһ
룬ʵǮأ˵ǮûУû׷ʵǸǧˮأ˵ѾˣԱڸ١˵ǳ̫Σˡ
еΪѡһʱ䲻˵еż˵㲻ϴһҪԸĲһˣˣ㻹ǳⲻҪһɱ˸٣˵飬ʱһȥ
ϳһ˵ã̽ǻʲôȥ˵ͱˣʱȻ֪ġϣҺǽ֮ǾͰͻˡҳȥһˣʱ򣬼˷ҡҵֱǸ˾ɱĸԱˡ
Ͼû˰ɣûץסǸˣ
ҿЦһҵûˣǼһﱻͷҧһڡҸоɱҵġ
е죺ʲôģ氡˵ҲֵĵطҲǱ˹̽ҵġһҲû˵ɡ
µ绰ҵһ֧̣һڡһﲻأӺݶǾˡƺҲеΡ֮ǰҲ뵽£Ҳѹ⣬ǻ˶֡Ҷе㸺СѾˣҲûбİ취ˡ
ʱҵǰһΡɫĴҵǰʵôˣ˵̫̫ȥһϣϻؼңȴǸӵ˲ˣһƢִ绰ɻƱҪȥ
üͷҪʲô˵ҪȥǮ˵ȥҹһѡҵ˵ͷ
˵˻ƱǸȴˡӣˡһ㶣Ǹһȥˣ
˵ͷֻǺ̫̫˸кͶǸˣûг˵úء̫̫ȥ˻ϸ￴ءȻ㱨һ¡
ҵ˵ͷϢһ°ɣȥɡҲˡ˵ͷһβˡ
ҿ˿Ѿŵˡϴ˸衣еˬ˺ܶࡣ˼·Ҳ˲١
Ǹ̫̫ΪʲôҪôǮȻһҪԸСġļƻҾͲǺҿ԰ǣǾͿзˡ
Ҳϵˮ绰û뵽绰һġҸϽ˵Ҳˡô
Ҳܸˣ˵ãҲ˵Ǽİɡ
ҳ˼ţϳԼõĵطȥ
ǳǱɽµһĿɽһӡҿ˿ǸطȻܺáɽһСӡǸطˮĺõطĺǸ⣬һ³⡣ӳУֱӽԺ
ЦǺǵվԺУ߽ȥЦЦôϲǲҪģҵ˵ͷʦôҵôõĵطˡ
ЦЦϲͺáʵҲûʲôΪҲסҲǺԶʱҲҾ̫Ƨˡ÷ҪѾװˣҾҲһӦȫʲôҪĶġ
Ц˱ĺܲϲķҲϲĶϲֲִֺʧʸеĶⶰȫҵҪ
Һڿɳϡһεʵôϲ𣿡ҵ˵ͷˣ̫ллˡ
ЦЦԿ׵ݸңҪҪˣҲ԰ҡҪ㲻ϲˣԽҵķǻᶨڵġ֪ôķӣһûа취ġ
ҵ˵ͷܺãҵˡˣʦһһҪ㡣
˵ͷ˵֪̫̫һֱڽǮʽ𣬲ҪʲôҾͲ֪ˣӦԸġ̫̫ѾˣҪǱ߳ʽ𡣡
˿ңʵô֪ģЦЦȻҵİ취ϢԿɿ
˵ͷȷʵе⡣֪ļƻֻ߾ˡ
ҿ񲢲ǺܵġʵǺ飿
һ£Ц˵ʵǲںе㲻ףΪʲôΪʲôںŮ˿ǹݶ
Ц˵ţҾǸŮǸݶˡǺݶ¡ҪͷԵģǺݶͿġ㻹֪ѣСǸšֻô̵ʱ䣬ѾеŵŴúܺáŮ˸ͲϡҲЩ
ҵ˵ͷû뵽ϹȻôһĲǺܵˡ
ʦԼڱ档ſ̸ҵķĻڱһ󷨿ǱȡҪöࡣԷҿԽ
ŪһУҾͲһԾҪȥһȻ󿪹⡣
ϳгȥг棬ҵһܴİԾҺ⡣˳ʱҵĵ绰
ҿġҸϽ绰װģô°ˣ
˵԰°ˡȥ
˵ȥҼˡҰѱĵַȥҲϽųص˱˰ԾҴţվǰңʲôطô
һѰ˱رסһ֮󣬺òײŷֿ˿Ŀңô£
ɳϣ˵ҸģǵİѡԺǾͿԼˡ
˿Ц˵ĲⶰҺϲЦЦϲͺáһʱΣաֲܲ㡣ԺǾԼᡣͲᱻ˷ˡ
ЦЦǰѾ˼ˡȷʵȫܶࡣ˵װģˣǾͽ𣿡
˵ͷֽرһ
ϣҺԹҰͻ˼ҡҲŻصûдɨҲ԰̸ûѾûˣǲǳʲô״
ͷˡͷüͷ˳ȥվһˣһ΢΢ͺԴ
ʦүôġҸϽܵǰš
ȻʦүһĪЦȴ˾裬СĵĽ䱸ţһﵽʲôأ


ڶʮ ҹ̽լ
ʦү˵˽滹һˣһڴҰýȫ䱸ţʱ׼֡
ʦүɳϣ˿ңЦЦܸлǡǧˮĺܺá
ЦЦþͺãǻôǮҲֵˡ
ʦүһ֣ǸˣǸڴᵽҵǰҲԣüͷ˿ڴȫǮ
ʦү˵Ӷ֪ǰ˲һ·ģǼһ̫ҵࡣܲáǵץǧˮˮһ㱱ץģ׶༪٣Ȼ⼸СòˮҲǰ˳ˡӶǲٵġЦɡ
ҽӹװǮĴӣ̾˿֪㱱ôˡʦү˵Щ޷ǸڡΪԼɱԽڳԺҸ˵˵ˣ
ʦүЦЦԡҡҡͷҲáǸɾˡ
ҵôԷٵתţǰʦүĶ֪Ҫɱң̽ҡǮǲɱ˵ģȻҲǮֻһܣύҡȷʵǸᡣҴ뵽֯һᡣ
뵽˵ʦүȽϽԺĺʬύ㡣ô
ʦү˵ͷʬ壬кõڤҲҪ¹󣬾²áõĶǲġ
ҿ˿ʦү˵һ߸ʬʱҵķǳֻáĻ£һ㸯õļûУҪҪ
ʦүһ˿ңĶ֪ķôģ
˵Ҳʬ棬˶ƺʲôҩֲһĶʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
ʦүƺܸȤ˵ⶫģ˵һνɽģҰ⣬ûҰ޳Թʬϻһֵζ˵
ʦү˵ͷɲҼǶ˵û⡣ʲôʱʱ䣿
ʦү˵áϵȸˡ˵վҺһʣ֪֪ͷʦ飬ʶ˻ɡֻҲվ档
ҿ˿棬컹ûк͸ȥһǸͷʦ¡
ҿ̫̫ı棬תһȦó˺ɫҡһ¡ϸҵǰʵôǸʲô
ϸ˵Ǹ䣬һֱûгȥҲҽļ䷿˰ɡ˵Ĳᡣ
ҵ˵ͷʵǼ䷿ĸطϸ˵ڿıϡǸûдֻǵΨһĳڡҪȥҪǵš
ʵ滹ûбˣϸ˵ֻһˣڿӡ̫̫ˣĹ˶żٻؼˡ
ҿ˼ʻϣ˵ҪһˣôҲҪ˯ˣҲܽȥ
ϸ˿ң㲻Ҫȥɣҵ˵ͷ԰ҪȥҪǸ£Ҫҽ⽵ķҪ𡣡
ϸٺһЦҲ򵥣ǸҰ㶨ңȥȥ
û뵽һﻹİ취ҸϽһ£˵ġϸһЦİɣ㵹ҪСĵ㡣мأ¶Ȼ鷳
ҲЦЦҲа취ˡϸЦһβˡ
Ҵ򿪳һ֧̣һڡűܡķǺܡĸĸͷڱĶϣҲһͷҲͷҲں
һ֧̻û꣬ϸˣҵ˵ͷ˳Ӵ˽ȥһֱߵ˿ֱ˶¥ڶ¥Ľ棬һС䣬Ǽҡҵ˼ҵѽ¼ȫɾְ¼񣬿¥
ϸָſһ˵
óˡҫʡϻһ䡣Ȼſڽеݷˡ
ûվſڣ֪ʲôǵһȡ
ֵ˼ӣߵſڡ˵ˣһСβǵšû뵽Ÿû˩ϣһӾͱ߿ˡ
һƬƣżҡҷŻСơһͷ̬еĿǰ¯һ㡣ð̣Ҳơ
ҿó䣬˦ȥֽɽ˷䣬֮󣬾Ͳˡ
òԾⷿҲʮƽףվſڣôоģܴ󣬿նӡ
óˡҫʡȥ
ͷ񣬾ҵĶ档˼Ǻ벢ûҵϱûģЩšҵͷ˿棬ϲ֪ʲôġߵͲƽ
ܿܺڶġͷŵķ¶һĹҾҾѾԶˣʮ׵ľ롣
ҴʮֵľСĵš˼ȻеµĵڶȻǺܾңڻţе˵ĺ
ͣס˽ţܿ˿һйŹ֣ȿҪ̫ˡ
ͻȻҸоЩ䵽ҵУģһЩ𤣬ţǶȻġ
̧ͷһһ鶫ҸϽһ߶㿪ϸȻһɫͷ泤Ĵ죬ЩҺǴֵĴġ
ǸͷŴǼģǲǰǸҷеġҫʡǸͷȥ
һһҵġҫʡݺݵǸͷϡ
ǸͷȻѣǾȻǸͷϵ۾
ҵϣǹͷȻǿˡĴֱҧ˹
һת壬㿪Ŵ졣ŴһûҧҡͷһתһɫճҺҶƲ㣬ûж㿪ȻŪһǡȫ³ġһѵ
Ϸ˽⣬ԭϻЩ䣬ԭѾˡû뵽һմЩȻַ˹âɼЩҲа֮
ϵĹâƺǸͷܲÿȻҧңҺݺݵײ˹
һȥǵ̫ҾȻˤˡͷݺݵҵߡǵһȻҵͷ͵ػͷҧ˹ٶѾˣһеġҫʡĴ쵱Сһӿ˴쵱Сţ䳤䳤
ҫʡȻ䳤ˣŴſˡŴֻвԶΧһȦļźǰţ󸯳Ϣʱҧ


ڶʮ ֮
ҫʡҧıˣǿӻŵסǴľ޴ѹеŲסˡһһĹҿǿסǾԳŲ˶ʱ䡣ڳһֻ֣ӿڴ˺ڹѪĴ浹ȥ
һ֮֮󣬴ð˺ܶİ̡ͷ͵ʮʹӡҲʹ࣬ǡҫʡĿڴ쵱Уץסҫʡǹͷ˺ڹѪʮʹ࣬ҲĹͷһﵽ˰֮С
ǹͷڰŤ˼£ֺݺݵȥڰб˦Ķҡμ¡ˤȥĬ룺С
ҫʡһСˡŴ졣Ҳ֮롣ڰз˸ͷ䵽˵档ǹͷأԺݺݵ˵ϡϾȻҸովͱƷˡ
һûлعһӷ˹ǵ澹Ȼǹͷ壬ǹͷ徹Ȼռ档ȫִֺڵë
ֻýº˴̣Ǵ̴̴ҵЬӡŪҽۡǴͷһתϮҸϽóڹѪһ´ĵʹеĺڹѪȻ˵ϡȥѾˡͷϵĴ죬źɫŧѪȳҧ˹
һǡְԡƳһƵİԡǰײ˹ͷ֮ϣһͷһ׶ࡣǴ췢һֽУЩɫŧѪ
ҰγڴϵĽţбŲȥЩ̲ȵְһֻŰγбŲȥеġҫʡתʼ⳯£ݺݵĴȥ
ҫʡ쳣ķһӾûǹ壬ǹϻһȦһŴ̵Ƥ⣬ͱҸɫҺӿ˳
ǹƺʹ͵ķƵ˰С
ҿĴ̣ȥһЩ̴Уǲܵġʱǹͷֳ˹ҧ˹ҾǹͷҪҧסҵһ˲䣬һӳˡҫʡһӲǴıϣҫʡĲ˹ͷ֮СҵڿһȻ˹ͷ֮ϡ
ǹıȫëֻͷûСļסǹĲӡתҫʡһӴ̽˹Դϡ
ǹһҽУ˦ͷҴ⣬סĲӾǲȡץסҫʡĽ˼¡ǹҽĸˡ
Ҹеҵȣ΢΢ĲѾʼֻˡҫʡֻ֣ҲİסǹͷҾԲȣһȥЩ̻Һ鷳
ڣһ֮ǹͷˤ˵ϲˡҲеһѡ
һһǸʧˡԭŵĹĲҲˡҲ֮ˤ˵ϣڵϣȴôҲ
ǰȻſһˣǸ̩ͷʦ¡ʱſڵϣһϢؿһ޴ĳӣӵͷһлɫҺ塣ϸղǸؿĳһģһġղźҲģӡ
µǰµ۾ҡдʡʲôŹֵľġһ˻β£ʵô⽵ҡ
ǲɵңȴ˵ڻһѾˣûϢ̾˿˲µʬ塣
֪һ޵ʲôаŪ˺ͳӱһ塣ڳˣҲ군ˡҲ֪ǲɱˣɱ˳ӡⲻҵı⣬Ҳò֪ô⽵֮ǰҪڲˣµĽͷ֪˭Խأ
ڵϻһŸеϵָˡվ˿¡Ļŧˮ
ڷתһȦȻֻʮƽԭӦǸķտյģǸͷ֮⣬ʲôûС
׼ˣͻȻͷһסˡҾ֣ߵıϣһɫĹӡһӣһֵĲ߰ĻʲôǷӡ
Ұѹӱ˳ھʹ򿪿ʲôתһ뻹ǲҪˡһĶ˳ֹˣûȥһЩٿµʬ壬ʱѾһ̲ˮ
ұŹ߳˷䣬˳ְѻϵķˡų˱ϵϡ
ϸڷϣ˵Ūˣҵ˵ͷֻǺܿϧǼһﾹȻˡһ֪⽵ķֻİ취ˣ첻ʤǰ˳𡣡
ϸ˵¾ͺãȥǸŪѣʱ䳤˾Ͳˡ
Щ棺㵽ôŪԺġϸЦЦҲ򵥣ǣҿһһǣͻ赹ˣֻҪ֮ǰˡʲô˺ġֽҲûôɡ
ЦЦǸϸȥѻǻɡҪؼ˯ˡϸһΣˡ
ҿᵽ˼УϵǺ֣ҼſڣȻûʲôλҰѵ徲
ѵϵ··ȫǸ³ɫҺͲҪˡ
ϴ˸裬Żص˰칫ңǸӣо˺ܾãǲҿϵķ䡣ķųʲôҿûаջȥ
һЩˣѾҹˡ˸ص˷Уڴɽϣ˯ˡ
֮ǰǹﲫҺķ̫һ£˯ˣ˯úܳʱѾŵˡƮϸ꣬úܡ
´˿档ԺСЩʼݻˡνһһҲ
̵̣Ӿڶ£һһĽˣͻȻеһѹ뿴̣ǲ֪Ϊʲô̾ǲҼҲ̵˼ֻһܡ
վڴǰһ߳˷䡣
ͷҲվڿ̨棬ŴꡣƺҲʲô
ߵˡͷߣͷ̧ۿ˿ңҲ˿ֿһꡣͷƺҲ¡Һ֣֪һʲô¡һ֪԰ûһǳʲô顣ӦøϹ绰֪ϹæһǸ绰ɡ
ͷˡͷ߽˰칫ҡҪ绰ĸСҵϡֻиõİɫûлҿĸԽ˵𣿡
˵ͷõòˡֿ˿ĸ֣صӡʵôˣһġ
ϸ˵˺ҲܺáǾΪϴԺǵϴ󡣡
һ㶣аֲһһֱƤЦģԭûͬҡֱ飬һűҸжˡҵϴ󣬺ߣЩСһ۵ͦġ
ЦЦˣãԺǺúðŰң¡ĸС˵ǣϴ󡣡
Цŵ˵ͷ


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СϴҲܸˡ뼸һ˶ٺõģҲǶյԪ򣩼һﵹҲġ
ףţҲˡСһ˵ûУʩһ񣬽һϴ󡱡
˵Ǹãӻ᳡ͻؼˡصѴϣ˯ˡһֱ˯һ죬֮󣬲Բȣڴ߷ֱϣһ绰ǹִġͳţ֮ǰһֽףŵ˴⣬ֻֽ׾ͷˡ˹֣æһֱһߣɵġһֱ졣Ҫϲ°ࡣҾȻ
üͷҲµòþģȻֽײԼߡһǵ緽ʽֽͨŵġڿҵСҲͨѶʽһֵΪʲôҾͲ֪ˣҲǱ˿Ƶġ绰һȥץ㱱ͽǵġڳŵʱ򣬾ͷϢʦүǰ֣ɱǼˡõһҪˣ㲻ãҶᱩ¶ġŵõʦүһΡǰ
飬СҲ˵һ߿ҡ֪һع˿˵㻹ǻȥãʲô춯ϸҡ˵ͷǣϴ󣡡һβӰ
ϸ˵ϴЩʲôЦЦǵǰʱûʲô顣Ҫоӡ
ϸ˵ûʲôǴǸµķóʲô
⡣ҵһ֧̣˵Ҿ֪ʲôǵ䡣Ҵ䣬Ҳʲô顣е㷢
ЦЦ֪ʲôס˵ŵֻС۾濴˿ֻֻС۾ųƹ⡣
ţ˵ǺɫճĶӦЩѡǶںɫҺ档
һ㶣Կõϸ˵ǵȻˣСһ͸ۣȲ̫Ĺûġ
ҵ˵ͷԭǳѡЩѿһͻɳӣȻ档
ϸ˵ôĸӳǵ֮⣬һбĶֶͿԽ⽵
ҿ˿ϸе˵СӻеԹϡϸЦЦȻСҲǧˡûҲ˵ǰܶ࣬йҲкܶӵģЩͷʦĺҲסѵġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ȼ֪ʲôҴˣЩӲͿʼôסأ
ϸ˵㻭ķô÷ȦȻŻգڲɱˡ
룬þϸ˵еڵϻһȦ䣬ѹӷŵм䡣һƵ˹ϵĸӡһһɱ׼˹ӵĿڡ
ȻʱһӴӹԽԽࡣֻ𿪣ЩȥЩӷ׷ȥڵϣʹŤ壬Ť˼£ͽֱˡ
û뵽ɱôЧԭѵ飬Ȼˡ
еĳӶ˳ֱ˵ϡó˵ϵĳӣһ´һĽζϵЩӶ˺ֱ̿еĳӶչˡҲվѵϵǽʰһ¡
ùǸӣԼĿ˿кɫӦɰһɵĹֵֹζҾͲ֪ʲôˡϸ˳ӣͷ˵ζ̫Ϥˣͯζˡҵ˵ͷǾͺðˣ˵ɰͯͿԽ⽵𣿡
ϸֳ˳ӣҡҡͷԣʲôζͦģ벻ŵҪһ¡
ҵ˵ͷҪһ롣˵ϴİɣϸıˣȹӻҪǿһٱԴ㣬Źζһʱ벻Ҫһ롣
˵ðɣ롣ҰѸϻŷĲСҲʲôʱ򣬿õ
Ҵͨĵ绰ʦáܿģҲð¬
ʵܿġ֪ʲôϲ£ЦЦôӦһˡСļƻʼˣҺ˳˼ƷҺܸ˰
ҲЦ˳ͺáм㣬ǼС顣˵˵ɣ˵ҼҵǸ԰̣Ѿûˡǲǳʲô⡣
ʵˣҵǲʣԺ绰
µ绰Ҿеˡ껹ûͣҲߵ̫ԶСԲǸĵط
һɡ߳˼š·ȥ磬ֵҲԵú壬ûʲôˡȻ죬ΪԵʣСԲŵơҿԿһ˶ûС
߽СԲڿŴλҪСˣȻĽ־ֵܹϴһ飬ǸɾͻȻһӰڽֵϡǸûдɡ¶Сţʪ·ŷƮšߵúƺеɢÿһߵĶôء
üͷ˺֡һֱעߵҼҺСԲмλõʱ򡣾Ȼͣסˡ·¶󱳣ԼԼĿıһͼһͷһĹͷ
һչߡһվԱѾŲ˵ҵߣ͵վײ˷ԱԱһУеӴڵءûʱǸһ嵽˽ϡ
վûжֻǰǸŹͷĺ󱳶ҡվ󣬳е˭
תһҵǰģ̬Ҿеϸ磿һЦȴоԲ񡣶ԣͱˡⲻƤңҲ顣
뵽һ֡ҫʡѾҵСҶ˵ҵǣ㾹ȻҲߵġɡ
˵һΣȻҵǰһô졣ʶĳ֣ҫʡϴȥ
Դһᣬͷ­Ȼȥһôһûд򵽣ͷ͵ȥˡûлعҾ;ǰݺݵذһȭҲ֮˳ȥصˤڵϡ
Ǹͷ­ڵһЦҹҵĴҧ˹
ҸеһϢֲͣһһСβͷ­ȥ
ͷ­Ȼֹͣˣع˹ȥӵϵصϡɷһЦ˹


ʮһ  һչ
龰ʵˣϲΧûˣȻһᱻŵһһСְԡƳɫİͼסȻ֪һһУ˴ֲҲٶ̫죬һײҵġְԡС
ͼһӰסˡһҽУ˳ȥҳ׼ᣬ趯ɿĸһСһֻӰ죬Сҽһ䵽˵ϡ
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УҸоԼ߽һƬɽֵءҴ֣һϲԣ̲졣ǴԲԲģʮֺһ޴Բ̡ˡַһôˡһͻȻʶǡôֵˡ
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ҷµ绰ĵšʱִҿ첽߳ȥһվǰҲʶ˶ЦЦˣ˵ʦү˵뿴˵Ǹ֪ʱŲ㣿ҵ˵ͷ˽˵һôһǵ˵ͷһתһˡ
ҸϽָϴ绰ϵҲܷ꣺ϴˡڲУûн˵Ǽ£ǸʬǼ£û͹ȥǼһԼ㣬
ϰһ㲻˵ˣæˡͰˡİɡһ飺ɱˣҪˡ˵İɣҰĵˡ
µ绰ҿʼ̣޾ϸһ飬ͻȻ֣һԼǡϾšˣǼһŶûУǿЦûУǱߵĳҪǳһ߸ʬʲôûеĻҲ˵ȥһʱҵȥЩأ뵽
ϽͨϹĵ绰绰Ϲѹ˵֪ڿᡣϽ˵ҪһЩŶƷ裬㿴㡭û˵꣬Ϲ˵û⣬߿߲ʦ绰ߵǲ٣ϲʲôʲô
ҺǸмϹǽϽֲͨĵ绰˵Ҫ绰С˵Ҫңʲô£Ұ˵һ飬˵ҲȥǼ̸
ҵ飬ϳֱҵʱҲյ˳˵װװӡΪʲôڲܸ㣬ϣ֡ҡҡͷûʲôɼֵģҼкܶղƷֱӰᵽĳС˽˲ֿЩöϡô㲻ùˣȥҼǺȺȲ裬һͿˡ
ҵ˵ͷıУԸһ裬ߺȱҲ˵Ʒղءû뵽ȻǸи֣ʶ㲩ҲвƷ˵ͷͷǵҲüڣչйʧĹŶ˵¬ҿҲӦŪ㶫ȴǮмֵҲڵĺȡ࿴ѧѧйĻǲ㾫ͨйصҲÿйصĻҵ˵ͷ֮ǰûʱ䣬ҲûǮһеȤˡʱҪҽҲҳȥ
˵ͷʱͺ˵˺ܶղ֪ʶţĵ绰ˡ˵绰˵˼䡣Ȼ˵ȥ￴Ѿˡ
ǵҵĳҶܾȡȫǶǽǴŰװģ֪ʲôһģҲŰװĶԿһЩŶмͭͭ⣬һĶˡ˵Щûд򿪵ģһ㶼ǹײİ壬ߴ͵ıǰЩͭЩûгͼ֤Ҳ˵ڤ
һ㶣Щ𣿡̾˿ҲɡЩҪڳģǱڳҪȥǴǮջˡô˵ţҲȸȥҪá˵أҪ˵Ҳʲô£˷ɡ
ҲԡЦЦ̫лˡ㿴⡭ЦЦСԸģʲô㲻лңллСҲˡ
ڳﲻҳȥˣЩŪˡָϴ˸绰ûʲôϢһĹ͸ʬˡҲ֪ǸøˣϽ˸绰
绰ͨˣѾſڡҸϽӳȥĳͣ档ָָ˵棬ζ̫ˣе㲻
֪ʬҩǡյơ͡ѲݡҩԻûҲ˲ĹɡϽסû°ɣȥϢһ¡ʣµ
˵ͷ˱ҰѸʬŵ˳еһ̨ϣòˣԭ룬ŷ䡣
˵ˮӺöˡҲ˿ʵôǶŪˣ
̾˿ԲװģұŪֻ֪İѡ鷢ͻȻֻΪ롣һǵˡ
ſͰ͵ңЦЦҵװģûй㣬ʡ֪ڵĴܳһĴ󡣴Ҳôģˡûµġ
ЦЦǰûʲôһˡǮҺϲһе᲻á
ЦЦʵǿԼһҪʲôӵģҪʲôӵģ𣿡һȻʣǰܺáԺһأԼŪһ
ɫʵ˵ʧٵıķǲ԰̣ҵ˵ͷһϵĽͷŵġ
ʧɫɣ԰̡Ұ˰֣ʵ벻ԼԸǱ˿ˣǱЮˡŪԼֻʣ°ˡͿǵˣҪҵܻȥ
ң⵽ô£ô֪˹ṩһЩȴ֪
ЦЦ˵Ϲֳͨˡҿۣﵽͨľ硣Ҫҡ˵ңһʱһ˵ܵ˵Һ˵ֻ۾ԿһЩֻ۾顣ҲŸոСͨҲǺܹе㲻⣬ֻһЩҿʱ԰̻ǻŵġ
˵ͷҵҵϹһ첻ֳˡܺˡҪˡµæĲֺҲæ͵а
Ȼе㲻ᣬҲûа취˼䣬õԼˡ
ҲųؼˡһſڡſڷһͰս˿ǵɫҺ塣ʲôţһɧζϹͯ򣬺ôһͰҲڼңͷˡ
黹ЧʡǸˡҪûİҿ¾ҪץϹˡ
һϲصİͯǽ
ȿСһһöˣǾϸѾȫûˡҸϽ̾ϸָ£ѡͷϴҩˮŪáȡ
ƮɧζϸСűӣĿţϴͲõȥҪȡͷûζ˺ܰ
Ҳ˼˵Բˣ»ע⡣ذɣȥ򿪴
ѡͷŽ˴ͷ΢΢۾ӺһѵڻաȻϸһ£Ѫ˳Ұ쵽ˡͷߣ˵㣬Ȱɡ˾ͺˡ


ʮ ̫̫
ͷһԴ㿪ˣзˮְǰ˴գ˵Ѿˣ㲻Ҳ˷ˡ˵ãҲܰҲ𣿡
ͷԸͷɾϵѪ˿˼¡˿ھȻѪˡһͷ˿ϸ𣿡
ϸ˵ͷˡһʱӦûʲôˡ
ʱ򣬵绰ˡҸϽץ绰洫ϵҵˣҵˣѾȥҽԺˡ
һҲܼʵҵģô
˵ڳϣϿӱߵһĹܵǸܵʧޣԷˣֿһµĹܵ԰һֱԣ͵ҽԺˣҲ֪͸ϵǱȥѾ֪ͨļˣϣѹ֪
ҷµ绰˿԰ûʲô¡ЩҲ¡֪ǲǲ԰̸µĽͷֻҪ԰ѹӦ֪һˡ
һûҵͷİ취ҰѾϸ˹ʵǲˣǸζʲô
ϸ˵ǣһֱءһͯһɰһһûһʹǸζǸҪһ롣
Ҵߴٵܲܿ룬żϸü˵ҲûãԽ׷Խ벻
Ҳû취ֻò˵
ʱԺ洫һԺ濴ȥֻè֪ʲôʱˡԺ棬˴̨ϡŲҡֻ۾ɵԲԲġ
ҸеһվֻèߡèݵĿңԺӣˡ
˵ʵҺܲϲֻèͻҲҲǴйϵͻȻҺľϸˡ
һתȥʵʲôˣһһէġϸЦȻֶʲôˣЦ˵
ϸ˵ǾèĹǻҡһ㶣ЩʲôֵֹġϸһèĹǻҲзġǰˣǸһǵģġĲġ
̾˿˵Ͳġȥ취ɡ
ͷŹ֣֧ĶҲŹ֡ɰֳͯɵģèĹŻҿеѶȡҲ̫ҡֻҪҵһֻèͿˡֻèе㲻ֻ֪è㲻èأ
ֺˣ˴һҹ쳣İЩ»ҰҲûңҲҿ۵ĹУǶŪĻɢˣЩһ֪£ҲͲˣȻ׷ɱǺջģ˭ҲԼɢ
Ҳ˯úܺãζûһһֱ˯˴Ҳоܺá˿ģҴ·򵥵ϴһ£˳ȥиոߵſڣͷȻҲҿ˿ͷôҲȥͷ˵ͷЦЦ𣿡ͷٿңҧҧҵĿȣ
Һ͡ͷ˼ţȻܺãɹůģ¶Ȳ䲻ȣ˺Զߵһҵϡһͷһڽֱߵĳϣһɹ̫һ߳˶о⡣
绰˿Ҵĵ绰ãʦ
˵ôӦú˰ɣ
ЦЦǺˣҲҪòν˲ְ
˵ǲҪôˣ㣬̫̫ˡ
üͷŶʲôʱģ˵ӦǽϻġӦǽ赽ǮһսˡѾʼˡ
Ҳ̫̫νĶʲô˼֪һںϹ⡣е㵣ġ
Ҳ˵˵ôˣе㵣ģ˵ǰ̫̫ʵ̫ˣ伫СǺˣôܶù
ЦЦ̳սǲòġҲȫ̵ļƻĿԴѪ޹顣
ʵҸӵģĻǸ̫̫һṷǽġһİ취
˵磬ǾҪСˡʱǸŮ˹ǽ¡иͷʦҶ˽ͷͳ¡ͺ취Ǹͷʦ֪̫̫ǲ֪أ֪ҴܵĽͷʦиˡ̫̫˶Ըǣǿ¸ΣաҪԸ̫̫һҪԼСģǧ򲻿Եġ
ЦЦİɡһСĵģˣСıҲǵǸԺʱȥ
һֱ֪ϹıһԺûк˵˵ûиСҲˡ뻹ʱԼɡ
µ绰̫̫顣Ů鷳ô顣ô赽ôǮأȥ
ţһ̧ͷȴϴӽβ˹ֳڿڴеŽŲȻѾңȴⲻңһֻߵߣӺϡ
Ǳűҵ˵ôܵˣ
Ҳ˵Ҳûʲôóתתǰſ㣬͹ˡû뵽ˡ
ЦЦҧһں˵ǺǣԵ֣˵ʵôʱû㣬е㡣ôʲô֣
˵Ѿ鵽Ǹµ뾳¼绰ġˡ
ʵûʲô⣿˵Ĳȷʵ˺һһʮŮˣֽȡ֮ϵǸȺǲµĽ㡣̩˵飬һеŪӦþˡ
ʵ֪֪Ƚй֮ȥ˵Ҳ˵йûʹù֤Ҳ˵ûסƵһĶ֤
üͷһں˿Уô˵Ǳ뵽йġǵйȻ˰šǲô̫̫ͷأ
̾˿һں㶼ԵˣҲ˵㡣Ҳ˲֣ԣ㲻Լȥҡҡͷôͷģһ֪Ҳڲ飬Ҳסһ㣬ҾøɵͷĺͶ½ͷġһˡ
ЦЦ㵹ǾѣȷʵһˣԲ뾳¼ǸȵŮˣ
ҡҡͷһ¾͹ˣһȣöԸҺһѾˣٳˡǻСĴȰɡ㾡鵽Ůˡ
ϿЦһ⹫ֶˡ飬һҪ顣ҲЦЦ㻹ԹԣҶû˵ʲôˣٰһæèĹǻҡ
ûҪʲô˵һ顣ʵôҪôֵĶ˵û취ûûа취ͷȷʵ̫ң㿴Űɡ
̾һվˡʱ˵ͷ绰Լᡣ


ʮ Լ
ҿŴϵıӰһϻһ᲻ǵǸҪԼòáǴѾԶˣ˵
ҿ˿һߵġͷ˵СӣԼҪǲǣͷڽѵĿ˿ҡûʲôӦ
ҡҡͷ˵˵ʵеûġҺܵ㺦¡ҾǸʦүһҴǻһֺܿµľء֪֪
ͷѾֹͣ˿ҧҡеıЩìܣϣſˮ
̾˿㿴Ҳúìܰɡʵе㲻еף֪ΪʲôҾʦү±ĻҪҪСġ˵أ
ͷ˿ң䣬ȴûзʲôڡͷп˼ᶨ;ġһǰơ
ͻȻе㺹գʱңĲᶨµġȻѾ飬ҪãʹϷҲҪݵáԼţôţġͷĴԴ˵ԲǶԲʱҾȻ뷨Ȼ㲻˵ҲҵĺܡкֵܶѧϰĶлл㡣
ͷң䡣΢΢ĵ˵ͷƺ޳ҵ˵ҲšͷЦЦ
ϵʱо⡣ҿԸܵÿ˵ĽŲÿ˵ı飬ÿ˵ϸ΢ı仯ҸеԼľˡҵĸּ֪ǿˡһַǳĸоԼԿ磬ԿƮڿе˵˼롣ĸо̩ͨ˯һ죬Ҫ
Һƶһ㣬ص˼ֱҵĴϣǸоƮƮġָ֪оȥ֪ԼĹˣʱ򣬹˵ǺҪģҲĻ
ҵһ֧̣˿ǽϵĹӣʱʮ˷֡ҽϨһǣҴݵߵ档
ʦүЦеվſڡҲЦЦ׼ʱʦү˵ǰһʱǺܱģκ˶һҲϲ˷Լʱ䣬Ҳϲ˷ѱ˵ʱ䡣
ҵ˵ͷǸܺõϰߡ߰ɡ
ҺʦүӳĽγһ·ҵıȥ
֣ʦү۾ָĴӣʡԭЩŵģҲŷ
ͻȻʦүʵ֪¬ϾŶˣ
ЦЦ˵СҸҲˡԣӳиҵ
ʦү˵ͷĸ֮Ͼ˲ŵ֣һһˡЩˣǲعأϾҲ񲻴ڵӡֻһƺˡ
ҿ˿ʦүɱ۾ָɴӣϵı飬Щп
ҽӴܶϾŵˡҵĸȻǸˣѧḷ̌ڹ⡣֮ǰȷʵϾŵһЩһЩ顣׶ڹŴоȻҲĹ֮ǰͶϾŵһЩЩ˽⡣
ҿЦһ£˵ʦү˵Ĳȷʵ״ν£Ĳšģ̫ˡϾŵպԽԽȣ˺֮ܶͽҲͲˡڼԽԽȽϾյĲˡҲͱӡ
ʦү۾˿ң˵û뵽¬ҲļʶôЩأҡҡͷʶ˵ϣЩпеġҾҲûа취ϾˡڶڽҵҵҪǿҪϹģ
ʦү˿ңȤʵŶ˼ǡ
ЦЦ˵ϾţʵһҵֻҪвҵǾͿҵ֮ǰϾţУЩܵĴУԲſԱסϾŵķչϾŵʧܣҲڼϡڼѾˡϾŻǸƣֻ˵ĵԼˣǺѵãϾϾŵ˶򲫡ǽ£壬ÿ˶ͨġ
ʦү˵ͷее
ʱ򣬳Ѿұĳſڡ
ЦЦ˵ʦү۵еʱ䣬ȿǾ߸ʬ˵ɣ
ʦү˵ͷ˳˿΢΢˵ͷҽ˵³С
Ҵ򿪳·ĵƣʦүųĶǿһϣŵһ롣ʦүֻǿһۣ˵ҼҤľƷǼʿõϣҼǵ룬һǧٶô
ЦЦǸڤԼһ£˲ƷСϷ㲻᲻֪ɣ
ʦү˿ңЦˣգա
ʦүֿ˿ĶȻû˵ʲôпԿЩϵõġ
ߵм̨ӱϣƿ˸Ǿ߸ʬĲ
ʬŵ䣬ʦү˿䣬ֿ˿ңʵ
ЦЦûµģϰˣԷһҲ֪ЩаģһûŪô£Է⡣
˷ȴʦүһֱڶҵķ䡣Ұѷ˿ڴָָʬ˵ʦү㿴ô
ʦүŰĿŵ˸ʬϡ
ʦүһ˸ʬǾ߸ʬˡϸĴǾ߸ʬóһС͵ķŴ󾵣µĿš
ҿʦү棬Ҳšվһ߿š
ʦү˺ܾãվֱ塣΢΢ĵͷ۾û뿪ʬ˵߸ʬҵģ𣿡
˵֮ǰҲû˵ʵ˼ʵ߸ʬ㱱ûġ˵ȥһ塯ĵطкܶĸʬú֣ʹһߣоһ¡ҲоһӣʼҲΪʲô߸ʬࡣʱ߸ʬһģѲҩ
˵ڸʬ棬óҴӡ塱ġյơ͡Ѳݡݸʦү˵ʱ㱱ɵһͽܰ߸ʬġ㱱ɲûл߸ʬһģѿݲݣʲôҲ֪Ҳ˺ܾãҲûҵֲݵ֪֡ʲôõġ
ʦүӹ˲ݣ˿ᣬ˵ͷ˵вҩģӦڲرߵģǺܾǰˡڿҲҲˡ
װһ֪ʵ⵽ʲôݣʲôõأ
ʦү˿ң˵ֲݽյơ͡ѲݡǹϵıʹõĹƶõõĲҩǷвҩһԵĹЧû»á˷˷ˡɸʬ
ҡҡͷʲôǱӣΪʲôҪɸʬ
ʦүЦЦ˵νӣǱ̵ķʦΪʲôҪɸʬΪЩʬβֻʲôԭҲǺһԿ϶ʬҪˡ㿪۰ɡ


ʮ Ƕ£ϣ
ҿ˿ʦүҲЦˣҪû⡣ҾʣҪ֣ȥоأ
ʦү˿ң˵Ȼ¬ûҲֱ˵ûȥоһ¡˵ʵҶŹ˵ķȤһֱоĸʬҺټ֪յơ͡ѲݡֲŸʬУʲôʱǶ٣Ҷ֪ԡ¬˵ɣǮøҡ
ҡҡͷȻǮǺҲǺȱǮҲŪģԲǮϲȥɡ
ʦү˿ңⲻðɡҡ
ЦЦ˵ʵһУҵİáмûа취ģһеģѣ˵־ͬϵѡ㱱һǱ˴˵ĸоǳʦү㲻ҸʵĻ뽻ѡǼ񡣲һ㣬ϣ԰оĽҷһ¡
ʦүӶЦ
˳⣬ʦү˾Ǿ߸ʬŵ˳ϡҺʦүֳ˳صҼҡ
ڰ칫棬˺衣ʦүϣ˵һϲŶˣϲȲ裬֪ʦүô
ʦү豭شһڣ˵ţɽС֣üò裬ò衣
ҵ˵ͷʦүȻߵˮ㾢ҪǿгȪȪˮˡ
ʦү˵ǰûҪ֦񡣼𡣺ڴɹǿɾ͸ӹζˡ
ʵҲϲȲˣҲֻǺһ˲ֻ࣬ȡʦү˵ȴڵĲַ֮ǰĹ죬Ҳ˵˲ߣȻ˵˲ȪҲҵģû뵽ֳҲһϵ
ʦүЦЦ˵ʱ䣬ȥ衣ҲЦЦðҪպһˡ
ʦү˿ңͻȻʵıԶſİɣ
Ҳ֪ʦүΪʲôͻȻôʣ˵ʵҲ֪Ƭ￪ģΪʱҲûҡԶţΰһִҲϹڽֵʦүȻϹҲסӦþԶſġ
ҵ˵ͷԣԶſġʦү˵ͷԶŵĹϵ
üͷ֪ʦүôģǿķӣҲһкĹϵ
ʦүĪĿң˵Ȼֹ˷ô򵥡³ĶкüĵʱԶŵ屻ߵġԶźĹϵһǳ
пһ£û뵽ǧ㣬Ȼ©ҲҶǲǺ˽ɵġˣһЩǳ˽⣬Ҳû뵽ҪԸľȻʦүˣԲŻЧҸôش𣿶̫ʱ䣬ֻܣƾͼơ
һЦЦǺǣǱˡϵȷʵ򵥣˵ʵɣұĿɽʽԴԶš
ҿؿʦүе𾪣ʦүǿ򶨣һڲ裬еľе㲻ףʦүֳǸˣΪʲôԺȴķӦ
Σʦү˵ף˵Ҫҵҵ˼ˡѾһˡԶĴɽȷʵôģ
ЦЦʦүϢӦǺͨģѵû˵ԶŽҪղƷƷ磿
ʦүصĿ˿ң΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ҲԶŸոڲʼﻮģѾʼĵˣʦүշ硣
˵ţҴӳóˣԶǩļŵʦүǰ
ʦүݲݵķ˷̧ͷԶŵĹɷݣ
ҵ˵ͷԣһ͡Ϲ⣬Ĺɶ
ʦүӾȣô˵㡭
ҽӿ˵ҾǸġЩ޷ڤɿʱͨղƷǰ̣ϴ
ʦүҡҡͷЦЦˣǾֵõġ֪ԶŵĽҵ͹ҵжǾҪЩҵһЩ顣
ʦүзų˹â֪¶˵ʵ̫ջˡܶණڹںѳ֣ǵ˹ȴֵǡҪЩŪţϼѣԶŵ̫ˡ
ҿʦү̰ϲҵҲ֪һ߶ˣʦүʼҪˣ׵ķҵġΪϵĳʵ̫ˡ
ָʦүһ裬ʦүһۣʦүҲڿң˲豭Ĵһڣ˵Ҳõ󷨺ˡϴʱǣ󡯣غǡɹ󡯺һһˡǲǣĵԽԽˣ
ҺһҵĶԽԽˣ֮ǰ׷˽ͷ
ԵĸоʦүһȻ֪ʲôġҾʤ׷˵֪һҪԸң伫˽ͷȻûʲô£Һܲġ˺öķҵ˸½ͷļһʦүˣĶʵ֪˭ˣǵ˭
ҺٺٵЦЦĶʦүȤ˵ⲻҵ飬ԼԽģʦүõġģõġ
ʦү˵ȻֹȻǲģЦЦ˵˵ҲѣʵҲЩЩȤ˵оһ¡
ҵ˵ͷŶҡҪ˵ˣʦүսңϸš̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ҲûáĲ㣬Ǹ̩˺ġ
ֲ˵ˣƫƫ˵̩ˡֻһʦү
ʦүҲ˵ˣֻܰż΢ȶһ˵̩ˣҲ̩ĽͷʦǺܾͨͷģͷȷʵǵΪʲôǸ̩ĽͷʦҪԸ㣬أ
ҿĻ役ʦүҰԺЦʦүĹĳ̶ȣ֪̩Ľͷʦ֪֪أҾļ̽
Һ˿ڲ裬룬ƺ˺ܴľģ˵ҵԶŵĶ³ΰĸˣ̫̫
ʦүȻ֪飬üͷ̫̫̫̫ԺԶôõĹϵ
ҿЦһǸŶĹ£˵ɾͻҪҿ˵
ʦү˵ͷðϴ
Ҽ˵ȷʵЩһ죬һңҰѰʧٶŮҺƣΪʲôҪңŮʧ˶ʮ꣬ҵȥҡҿǸЩֻȴӦû뵽ڶҿ˱ֽǸ˾ȻѾԶŵĶ»ϯΰ
ʦүüͷʵΰ˵ģ˵ΰĹꣿ


ʮ Ƕ££
һߺȲ裬һߵ˵ͷȷʵΰĹꡣ֪Ӧ˹飬һҪģбӦġûа취ֻĴңû뵽ԵɺϣҾȻҵŮҲڵԶŶ»ϯϹΰ֮ǰģеĲƲϹ
ʦү˵һ£˵ϹΪʲô룿
ЦЦˣǽˡСʱͺΰʧɢˣ֮ͱˣϹۡ˵ĸôףԾĸϣΰȡ֣ھͽϹˡ
ʦү˵ͷ
Ҽ˵Ǹ̫̫ǸŮˣµĺӶΰģ֮ǰΰ֪ûаǮǣֻһС̫̫֣֡Ϲѱ͸ǡ̫̫ǺϹϧҵеˣʩˡʤ֮ˡͬ㺦ǡڱƽˡɱ֣ԸңҲƷˡΪưոݣǰ죬˽ͷ壬ǽͷûʲôãֻһҹкѡ
ʦүң˵ڵһ㣬ķ֪ĸ޵ʲôҸо޵ɵ
Ĳ֪Լ޵ʲô֪ԼķʲôΪʲôûи˵ֻЦЦ˼Ҹûк˵ҲƤëѡ
ʦүЦЦʵʲôҪ˵ɣе˼
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֪ʦү֪ġԹٶȡʦүѾڲ֪УҵĽ࣬ѾȫҿˡҪľЧѾЧˡ
Ƶ˵ڣ̫̫ļһɱ
̫̫ļʱʦүƺ˿Ǻ˵Ұɱˣʦүֽʧеʲôɱ
ҵ˵ͷԣɱҲɱѵɱң
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ʦүҡҡͷ֧ô֪Ҳ֪
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ʦүƺ˿˵£ֺ˼𣿡
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ʦү˵ͷ¬ôãһʡԺкܶĻᡣһе飬ʱԷɡ
˵֪ʦүǴæˣܺôѾǺܸˣ´ʱ䣬ǿԳԷȺȾơ
ʦү˵ͷã´һô͸ˡ
Ұʦү͵ſڣָ𣬿ʦү˳ϸҵĶߡʵϴ󣬻òҸ
ҡҡͷȥˣһﲻ򵥣òףҪǳ˲ӾͲˡѾϹˣһҵġ
ϸ˵ͷʧˡ
һص˰칫ңеС˷ܣȻڼ˲ӣЧǺܺõġͨʦүһءֻǿϧû˺ҷҺ绰Ϻ͵Ҿе㲻ȫͻȻоǺܲȫġΪʲôҲ֪
ȻʦүǸҵĽ࣬ҲܵģϾһﲻһˡұСССġһȷʦүһ֪һ̩ĽͷʦȵڣȻôšҿʦүҲ֪µĴڡҲûивµĴڡʦүҲ֪̫̫ӶɱֺͲµ飬ϻȥ׵ġ㲻ҸҲԼ
ҿ˿ѾǰˡͻȻʱƺúܿ졣߳˼ţ˽ϣڽֽǵһ绰ͤҹ۲һܣҵͨһ¡ڹ绰沦ͨ˴ϵĵ绰
Ͻӵҵĵ绰е֣ôԼĵ绰Ҵ򣿡
˵Ҳ֪ҾеȫҺҵĵ绰
ϺһҪĵ绰ˡ㲻Ҳһѵ绰ϵĵȥ
ҲһϻЩһ᲻֪ҵֻѾȥˡȥŪһֻȻ绰
˵С˵ԼܳɹˡǸ֯ˣϵˣ
ЦЦ˵ȷʵûֻͨǳɹһǾ߸ʬѾˡҵԺķչˣ԰ôˣ
̾˿ܲãȻѾָȴһֱûѹҽҲ޲ߡûа취
룬԰ڵҽԺͲ˵ȥɡô¡
һص˳ȵҵ֣˼ֻͿſҽԺ
ҽԺICU԰̾棬żˡҿ԰̣һѹԭö˶˵һˣôˣ
ҵҽҽȷʵ˵һã֪Ϊʲô֪ʲôʱ԰̻ѹҽ˷䡣ߵļվ˵԰̵Ĺ˵԰̳飬԰̼˵˵ͷ˲ᣬ˵ͷ
԰̵ߣĶ԰˵԰̣Ϊʲôѹң˭Ūӣһ㱨ġ
԰ûзӦߵĵͼȴʾ԰̵쳣һ¡ѵ԰̿˵
˵԰̣ǲǿ˵¬
԰̻ûκηӦĵͼʾ˼춯վߵ԰̵ļˣһ㶣תܳȥҴȥˡ
Ҹее֡Ҿ԰һ˵Ļֻǲܻشѡ
ұ۾ҵͨǰ԰̡ϣԸܵõ԰̡ҸܵһĻǡ԰̵ĻѾȫˡѹѹ
óһŻˡķֽһСڴ״˶԰ǲȱĻյ˿ڴС
Ҫ԰̵ĻǴȥðҵʧһֻ֡԰̲ŻѹеĻ԰һӶֻʬˡ
СĵİСڴպá԰̵ͷ棬һ
ʱҽѾ԰̵ļ˴Ҵҵ˽Χ԰̵ߣŸļ顣ĵ˳ȥ


ʮ 
ֻͨ˴ϵĵ绰ҶԴ˵ҵֻţԺʹֻ֪Ҫ߱ˣҪǲӣͲҪٴˡ
һҼ˵ҸղŵҽԺ԰̣ȷʵͨĻԣǻǲȫˡұڣҵ԰̶ĻǣȻ԰һӶѲˡ
˵ҰﲻæҰɡҵ˸ҡˣҵèĹǻңǲݣøһѼ˿ʮèˡˡǻѾõˣҽԼӰɡ
µ绰óһµ绰ֻͨ˵绰˵װģô绰ˣ
̾˿Ǳ߽еú˳ѾõЩ˵ˡǸоڼңʲôһʱỹ֪СΪϣԺǵİߡ绰ˡֻһ֪
˵ˣϸŪ˰˵Ҫġ°ˣҲϢ͸ȥ
룺ã㵽ȥ档ҿҪһ㣬ҡ
ҷµ绰ص˼СϼСƿӣװЩͯ򡣽г˾ϸ
ҶԾϸ˵Ҫȥôˣϸ˵û⣬ǶָˡֻҪڶԸļһǼû⡣
ҵ˵ͷҸоǰڼҡûа취ҳʲô취ҵģ
ϸüͷҲ˵ãһԡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ţ㾡һԡҪС
ϸ˵ʣ
ЦЦˣҪǰҶú̫̫㰲һ£˭ȥǣ
ϸһ˵û̫̫ðɡʣµĸߡ
ҵ˵ͷãܺáˡٽǡ
ϸ˵ͷʧˡͷͷϢһ£Ҳ˼š
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ҷ˳٣ѳͣһǰ߽˷ꡣ͵ۿĳҲͣˣϵû³ƺڵҡЦЦֱ򷹵䡣
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Ҵ˵ӣ˼ƵлűΧĻ档沢ûʲôˡŷ˲١
غˣĵƶĿɳϣһ̡֧ĵĿŵӡ
ͻȻеĵһȫˡֻʣµӣһһεš
һиеԾҵġͨҲܵһɭɭĹѵʲôˣ
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ЦЦŪġҵ͡ŵġ
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ҸеսҸѹ֣żһѣͨĸоҲģˡԣôˣҵıҲ󷨣滹һԾһĶ֣ܽʲôأ
ҵĶ𣬺һ紫ġԶϹôˣô߲ˣڻζôˣ
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żҲ֪ԼôˣڶҲ׵ʧˣκεֻԼ⵽ôˣ
ͻȻҵһ֡񿴵һŴ죬ҵĻǡҴ󾪣ãԭʲôҵĻǡ
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Ҷߴʲôеұһװģû£жˡҪȥ׷ԼСġ
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濴ȥŷ֣ǸŰ֮һɹõŲλáѹš𲻵áֿ˿ϵĴ󡰰Ծ֪ΪʲôȻһڻҡȻҲ𲻵á
ЩͻȻǰӰһΣµĹѾŹЦ˹һĻһŵȳζҼǵζֳӵζ
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ʮһ 
ҼһЧĴΪһҵķǺõġҪǻԵɺҵķ󷨶⡣һǽġҴݶϡһתѵ¡ڰԾһԾϵĺڻҶҲˡ
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ҺǾϲȷʵǰˡҵ˵Ǹ򡣿µĶѾҷˡ˱УֻӱϣͽŵϿšһˣһ˵ҵĻУϹû°ɣ
ҵ˵˵û£һȻǱҼﵷҡ˿ǸʵʲôҺһǲµĹ꣬ղҡҵĻǡһľ֣ҵʵû°ɣҡҡͷȻû£Ǹǲ㶯ģ˿ϵ˵ͷǰҿĺùšȥˡôˣ
ЦЦⲻܹΪûк˵Ұѡ󡱵飬˵˵޳ңҡҲ㺦㡣
ұסͷ˵ⲻ㣬û˵㲻ģĲ㡣ֻţš
ᣬ˿ϵţš˵㣬ŪˡЦЦû£ǳȥԡ
ЦˣߣҲֹЩءٸɡҵ˵ͷһŪɡ
һҹʱе顣רĵĺһ
úҪǵ绰ҽѡһѾˣڳ緹͸ش˽λεģԶҶҡţɳɳ
绰ġܸ˵ӡΪڶ̫̫սУȡ˺ܴĳɹ˵˺ܶ࣬ףֻ֪̫̫˺ܶǮֻһͰʵĺܲҡҸӵģҲʱɨˣֻ˵ꡣ
˽Ҳú˵꣬µ绰ͣʵ˭绰̾˿ʦ
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ҡҡͷҲ֪һֱвõԤСҾ̫̫սռˣܻøĵֶΡҺܵϹǡ
˵ͷǰǸ̫̫ȷʵֻܻû֤ݣ֤ݣһץ
һںȹţ̡վ˴ߣľɫе顣ߵҵߣؿҵϣװĵҲûáˣܻа취
Ҳ§ŵҲÿһ鶼ҪǲԡһûС
ЦЦһʼǱġˣͿԱΪˡ
ʱֻ˵绰˵˼䡣˵绰˵øҴĵ绰Լȥ֡
ҿ˿ʵǰԼ𣿡˵ʱ䱾Ͳ࣬Ȼᾭȥ֣֮ǰҲν֡
룬ó˰ɫһ¡ҵǰʵôʲô򣿡
˵ûʲôرģֻе㷢ȻͲͣش绰
üͷں˭绰˵Щʲô˵ҾͲ֪ˣ˵Ļֿ죬ģͲߵĻҲ
ҿ˿ҡҡͷʾҲ֪û˵ֻҵ˵ͷڷתһȦԵ˵ȥɣҪôģǣʲôҶ֪ġ
ЦЦãˣͳꡣҵ˵ͷţСĵ㡣
һ߳˱ҳԹ緹ϳص˼С
ҽгϸϸһĳƣ˵ϴһûҴǼİ취ҡҡͷҰɣҵèĹǻҡǲǰѽ⽵ҩ
ϸűҡͷ˵Ҷã˵ԼŪɡҲ򵥣һһһĽ͵һˡ
ҵ˵ͷϽһС룬վϸ˵˼ҩƵղҲЩͷˡ
ֻص˰칫ңҵĴϡҾýҵ֣ӦòǼ򵥵ع֡Щʲô㰡Ҳ벻һԿ϶ˣһǱЩһˡ֪ҵҩǲǹãеĲǽͷǱķָǺáҪһƵİ취ûָֻߣҴȥ죿뻹ǲãԼ취ɡ
ţϸͻȻҵǰ˵ˣиˡڼſѾ˺ܾˣϾֹˡ֪ʲôģ
վȥһֱԺӣȻһվſڣԺš
ҿǸˣǸݸ߸ߵģͷģһʱ˵ɽװһųȧͻüëüëһߣһһ֡Ũִ֡һ˫۾ڰ׷
ҴԺ˳ȥҲ޹˼ɵĿҡ
һҵĸо˲򵥡ʵã֪λҼſתôãǲʲô飿
˿˿˵·ɭɭġҵˣԾ￴һ󡣲ҷûˡԽֹⷿӵˣҪСġʣⷿӵ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ԣҾⷿӵˡôɭɭģ
üͷ׿ֻҲףЩΪʲôֻſڻεȴҽԺӡ쿴㣬ҾˡҲҶһ٣ˡ
Ҿе˼Ͻסˣλαżȥ絽һһġ
˿˿ң¶һ˿΢Ц˵ҲãǾˡ
Ҵ˽˰칫ңһ裬˵ϣ˵Ҳһڣ˵ò裬ò衣Ǻò衣
ЦЦʵ֪ոأ
˵ÿҽǿ
ǿֹţֺ˼ҵһ֡˵ķ
ǿƺʲôһЦҵ־ҳҵķԺ󣬾ֻ֡


ʮ ɮǿ
һ㶣û뵽ǸˡǿôҲǸˡ
ǿЦЦ˵ﳤ󣬴û뿪Ժҵʦ˵Ҫ޳ҪͲܳҾͳˡһͨˡڲǳˡ
ҵ˵ͷʦ˵ĺеӦûήħıˣ
ǿ˵ͷǰѧһЩ׾ۣԿһЩʦ˵ҵüëǬüһķ񡣺ʺѧϰħĶһֱѧƽʱϿһ»ҰҲֻſڿ˺ܶĹꡣһʲô⡣
ָǿ˲裬ʵΪʲôô̹ףǺֻǵһμɣ
ǿһЦαʶǵѣ˵ĻһףˣȻǲ˵ġ󷨣ҺЩλҰȻǽġҾǲףǼȻΪʲôҪſΧţ
̾˿˵أ¬ԭֻǸ˽̽һӣһֵɱ˰˿ʼУҲĹ緢׷ɱЩ»Ұܵˡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵Ȼˡ׷ɱ㾹Ȼ԰ȻĻ죬ҲǸˡҿϻѪӡǿǶ䡣ǾȻҲûе֡
ҡҡͷȻʱû£ҲŪúܲҡһҪҵչߡʮûһͷ
ǿʵʲôǡչߡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôǿ;һʣͺ㱱ɵвࡣʶܾõӡҲûˡǸСͷݵǿǰ㿴ǹͷԺ󣬻ɵġ
ǿӹСͷ˿ʧе⣬ⲻǡԹʯ𣿡ǿĻǾȣô
ǿִԼĲҲһӣȻҲһСͷǿǹͷݵҵǰϸĿ˿ȻҵǸ࣬ΨһͬҵǸͷһۼǵۼҵʱáҫʡµġ
ʵôҲǿ˵ҲһҪһ¡ҵĹͷͷʮǰʦһСշġʦΪ˽ͷҲˣҲظˡʦ˵Ķ仹кüֻΪ˼䡣ҪҳǡʦǸСͷԹʯ˵СͷָҵԹ֮ءҵԹ顣ʦ˵һͷĹֻԹʯԹ߲ƽϢ
üͷǿʦ˵ģǸԹǹҪԸһˡΪʲôҪҵԹ֮ءҵǸطֻô
Ұҵ˵˳ǿҡҡͷʦû˵ҪҵеġԹʯŻҵԹ֮ءʦҲ˵Թʯһʮ顣ֻеġԹʯŻҵԹ֮ء
һûףΪʲôҪҵԹ֮ء׷ʵǿʦе飿
ǿҡҡͷ̾˿ҵʦѾԲˡֻһ档ʦǰġ
Ҳ̾һʵѾʲˡǿ˺־ͬϣһ¡
ʵǿֵܣ֪û֮ǿҡҡͷ˵ұ׷һèģһֱ׷ߣϵʱ򣬿ҵĹͣˡ
èҾèץ𣿡
ǿҡҡͷûУе˺ܶࡣèټ̫òң·죬Ըˣʱζ̫ˡҸŲèζèẦ˵ġ
˵Ҫ˵ټҵǿ԰㡣ǿ۾Ŷǿ̫ˡ¬֣֪ʲô취أ
˵СӦÿ԰ҵè䡣
ǿ˿ң˵Ŷԭ¬ģֲÿСˡҲáֻҪ˾ǺùɫС˵ģǵıܲ
ҽг˾ϸϸһĳƿ˵һ벻ôġǲǸûأҲĸоأ
̾˿Ҳҵġ֪ͨģӦòġ
ǿǰ˾ţӷ¬ѾˡͨǿϲɺءǡͨоģӦò
ϸ˿ǿ˵ԭǡڡĸɮôأ
ҸϽܣλǿʦԣӦýǿ
ϸòʩ˸ǿ˵ͷȻһ۾Ϳǡڡġ
ҶԾϸ˵ǿʦ׷һè׷ˣǿ˭ҵèټ
ϸ˵ܼ򵥣ϴȥд׷һסӦþͻϢ˵ţϸһβˡ
ǿ˵ͷллˡ㡮ͨĹе˼㣬ôһ˼㡣ǼӦ÷ҲµòĻõǡˮзеһ֣ˮϵֻҪˮ뿴ʱͿԿ㡣
ҵ˵ͷԭ˭ļֻûˮأô⿪òҪöԷ֪źá
ǿüͷԭҪƽǺѡҪöԷ֪ɾеѶˡҪһ롣
֪ǿǸɮˣǡڡȻҲ֪ʲôǡڡǾϸ̾͵ҲǺܳġҸ֪ΡҲһԡȻ˵Ҫһ룬Ӧа취ġ
ǿһ۾ҡҡͷ˵ãҪ벻֮ȷʵסҲ֪еΪóһ֧̣ˡһڣ˵û취ˣɴˡ
ǿҡҡͷԣӦûа취ֻһʱˡ˵ֿ˿ңһ֦ɣ
һ㶣ǿָָе̡̻⣬Ͻһ֦ǿ̵ӣҾú˼û뵽ɮ˾ȻҲ̡
ǿңЦЦѾȻƽˡҲҳ̵ʱ˼άݵĶࡣ
ҵ˵ͷЦ˵ҲͬУȷʵѵضࡣ
ǿһ֧̣һĴȣȻ̾;˼·ͨࡣʵôа취ˣ
ǿ˵ǲȥǸʩˣ취ǼҲͿˣҲ֪ԼĲ㣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ҵ˵ͷ߰ߡôŪأǿЦЦˣİɡҿԷþֻܿþĳͿˡ


ʮ ˮͬè
ҵ˵ͷȻ֪ǿôġþҾǿܲٲᾪʦүǱߵˡ
ǿɳϣĳϣ֡۽գʱͷϾȻð̡ҲҴǿֻĬĬĿšֱǿ۾ЦЦˡǱֻܿþˡҵķСĵ㣬
ҵ˵ͷСϵû°ɣǿҡҡͷû£ǰ֮塣ҸѹƲҵġþ
˵ǿֵҲһʣɣҼţ㿴Σ
ǿһţ˵գգԵ֣ҾͲˡ
ЦЦãǿһоһҲһԸǹˣǻսѡ
Ұѡͷ˹ǿ˿ͷ˵ⲻͨĹʲôҲ˵Ҫ֪
ҵ˵ͷǡ롯֮ȷʵ˼䣬ֻ⸱ˡһǳصġ
ǿ˿ңЦЦ¬֣ҲءڲǺСѾˡ
һԴЦˣ֪ΪʲôȻڵһ㶼УҾ;ǺС
ǿ˵ǿҵıˣȻʦ˵ǺܶϰҲĲˡϲš
ʼ򣺡ҲûʲôڼҵҲţҲͦõġ˵ţҲһ䣺ӷ𣡡ӶЦˡ
һӣҸеЩǿ˵Ȼ⿪ģȥһôǿ˵ͷãȥһ٣ǲǺǮ
ЦЦһɣǳԲġǿ˵ͷǾͺãҿɾͲʡǮˡ
ںʾ¥һ棬ҪһӵĲˡǿܻԵġǻ˾ƣǿ߲ܣе㲻ǺˡҵġͨȴңǺС
֪Щ⣬ϸͻȻǵǰ˵ҵèˣǸˮͬĵط
ԭЩǿһһӾˣûкȹƵӡҶèǲȤֻˮͬҲһһûطˣˡطеЩ֡èΪʲôĵطȥȥطżȻǱȻأ
ǿһվҪߡҲվ˵ҺһȥɣҺϤǿ˵ͷһ߳˾¥
Ǻܿˮͬʱ硣ˮͬ澲ĵģֻмڼǰŲˮ
ϸҵĿڴ棬ָ·һֱߵ˺ͬһԺſڡϸ˵è档
ҿ˿ԺӣһԺӲǱģǰһĻסԺӡ
ͣס˽Ųǿʵôˣǽȥ
ҡҡͷôȥȥ˵Ҫץè˽˵ĵطҴᱻ˼ҵɾץġǿüͷǿô죿
֮ʱԺӵĴſˡһ˴˳һˣˣʱʹҸϽȥ磬ð
类Ūһ㶣´һ󣬲㲻ϴαҵɾˣôˣʲô
Ҳ˼һЦٺ٣绹ǵҰǵһֻèˣܵߵԺԾ͹
ЦЦɣɡǵԺûȻҲûèҰɡ
Һǿ߽ԺӣҿǸ仹šϸС˵èǸŵķ
ҿ˿Ǹ䣬ΪˡȥҲаǿ˿ңҵ񣬲µèӦþǼ䷿档
룬װĴ˿ҡҡͷҲҲûС֪ܵʲôطȥˡ˵ţǿ߰ɣ
ǿЩԸǸˡҶ˵ú˼ˡ硣
еֵĿľȻĵ˵ͷ߳Ժӡ
Ҷǿ˵У˵ɡǸװǼ䷿šȥȻȥþϸﶢţٻ
ǿüͷèˣǺ˿ɾˣѾˡ룺Ǿþϸȥţһè˶򡣾֪ͨǡ
ǿŵ˵ͷߵԺӵĺǽϡϸԼԺӣǽߣһ˵һ̡֧
ʱϸͻȻˣ˵ԺֻиղǸһˡèҪԸ
վǿ˵ܵˡè׵ģ˾Ͳˡ
̾˿ðɡһԺǽԺ濴ȥ
ֻķŲ֪ʲôʱѾˡߡҿĺ󱳣ı顣ĽŲӲ
ҵ˵ô£ΪʲôҪǸ䣿ǿҲ˵ӣӦǱèԻˡ߽Ǹ䣬ͻ
ǽͷץסļ򣬳˵ȥͻȻͷҿѪ죬оȻһҧ˹⧲һһֻƳ򢡣˺һǿͷһģ۾ڵء
ҿǿһۣǿ˵ͷʾû¡ǿǸ档ҽĸϡ
һɣûʲôı䡣յģûʲôè
ǿ΢գдʡҸеƺڻζͻȻأһһ¶һ֣ͳˡҫʡһΣֱ統еȥ
ǡأһǶ˷ȥǿɱ۾һΣǰۿǹɶҪײǿϡǿȴΪޱ⡣ֻǰʮٶȸˡ
һҽдӦèĲҽһֻɫĴèǽǡǺèֻ֪èǲǳҼҵֻҷֱ治ֻèĿ¶׹⣬¶˿е֫צҲ˳צ
èֻ۾ҺǿϵصĴתʵǿɱ۾һΣèǰ档èץȥ
èȥһǽڣǿͷȥǿһץȻץסèβ͡һ˦è˦˳ȥèײǽϣˤȥèݺݵĿǿУΪʲô׷ҡ
ǿһϣ㺦ˣΪҡҲ㣬ֻẦˡèһУһӱ
һһеġҫʡè˹ȥ


ʮ ֿ
èͬӰСһ֮Ƹ͡ҵġҫʡһӱ⡣ݺݵسèϡֻеһ󷢳èбҴ˳ȥͬʱǿҲ۾ȵúã
èһҽУײǽϡ䵽˵ϣԭĴСֻ۾ң¶Ͱͺ;顣ҿǸͻȻеˡеġҫʡҲطèأһеúᣬһӡһڻеĳ嶯
ǰȥԼֻֻ֡ŵСèͻȻһһһ¡ٿǰﻹСèȻèſµлҵһֻèצҸϽ㿪èצǿеèԻ֮ܿ۾
Ϊʲôǿһֱ۾һҲңҲèĵ
èһαΣһèŮˡǿһУ˲ˣĶèҲ˵һ˦βͣβǾ
ֻӶҫʡèβʹȥȻèβ;һҸеһҫʡ֡ҸϽֻסʡ
ǿһΣèߣֻ֣һֵƣèȥèһҽз˳ȥץšҫʡһèβ;Ȼˡ
ǿЦЦβͣèСԽеʱԽβͶˡèҲһˡ
Ȼèǽǡٶˡҿ˿ǿǿ˹ȥèĲӺƤè˵߰ɡ
ҵ˵ͷ˳ȥ籧˷棬ǿһ˳ȥˮͬصС
صУͷǿеèֱǷŭӡҲǸˡǿèŵ˵ϡͷĿèʱȥ
Ҷǿ˵è𣿡ǿҡҡͷֻҪˣҲȡġлˣҪܳʱŻָԭҵ˵ͷʵղŴèʲô
ǿ˵Ǹӡղõġʨӡа˸ӡһǾŸֱӦףҲǡԡһ֡١ߡԡСǰС
ף˵ģǳԶġƪ桷Ÿֱһħӡ͸ˡ
ҿ˿èèӡҶԡͷ˵ģлҪͷԸģ˵һߡ
Ҷè˵ܲ˵è˵ͷҼ˵ΪʲôҪܵˮͬȩ̀ͷ˿ңѵ˵أȻҪõɲݺɹǡһ㶣˵Ǹжè˵ڴĵһûóֻҪҰǸ˵ˣҾ㹻ȥó
ʵ˵ɹǲǸʬèĵ˵ͷʵɲʲôè˿ң˵ɲݾǡյơ͡Ѳݡҵ˵ͷʵҪǵõЩô
èЦһõЩͲᱻǴˡҵİǻˡҲҡҡͷ˭ҪˣȻҲ㡣Ҫߣ߰ɡҲΪˣУǧٺˡ
ȩ̀ͷ˿վһߵǿǿ˵գա߰ɣ߰ɣèҡҡλεվſȥߵſ֮ʱҽеǸҼԺӵĺèǲ㣿
èͷ˵ң֪˭˵˳ȥ
еƣèʧǰֵĸоȴ޷˵
ǿ߽˰칫ңɳϡҲ߽˰칫ң˵Ǳи䣬סɡ
ǿ۾˵֪ˣھϢһֻһϿºæ
Ҿú˼æô֪æǿɱ۾ҲǺǸоСͨ㡮ۡ࣬ҲԸӦһЩ
ҿڴϣһ̡֧Ҳ۾֪׻ôղèĻĴµĸʬ֪Ӧô
ʱҵĵ绰ҽ绰绰ﴫϹѾˡʵôú˵ʲô˵Ҳû˵ʲôֻǺһ֣һЩȻһ˸
Ҳú֣Ϊʲôֻ˹֣˶ʵʲô˵һƣˡ˵ҲҪòϣ˵ʲôҲҪ͸ҡûа취ֻˡҵ˵ͷǿ˵ǿܸȤ˵ʱһҪ
ҷµ绰ȥ棬ǿһ档ʱҲʼˡ֪ΪʲôһˣͻһҪսĸоͻȻյĲµĻǡǿ˵ǿһ꣬ҡûа취
ǿʱҲ棬˵Ǽ򵥣ҰһҲˡҡҡͷ򵥣ǼһǸͷʦ˵ˣ˭ɱ˽ͷʦͷʦġҿһĳȲ̫װߡ
ǿ˿ң˵ʲôǸͷʦҵ˵ͷǿüͷȷʵ̫ð졣ͷԭԴءǱе񶾡ÿͷʦһڶǱɱģǰ䡣ð졣
ҰװŲµĻǵķֽóǿӹ˿˵û뵽¬ֵķǿεķ
Ҳ˼ЦЦǸ͸ҷҴèõǸҫʡСɰһķ
ǿ˵ͷʵûп̳أ
ҡҡͷǿ˵⡮ɰҲˡֻҪǰǹԹͷųҾͿԳˡںС
ʵôˣΪʲôڲУǿüͷ˵ꡣһ㶣˭
ǿҡҡͷҲ֪˵ķӦҲǸͷʦҹ
üͷôûиоأǿҡҡͷһǵĸоһеΣյشڣҿԸеһĶ
Ҳ֪Щ˵ǿĸо
ǿվ濴˿˵ܽˣﲻˡܿͻô죿
˵ˮڡ
ǿ˵ͷǿҪ׼ˣļ沼󻹲óҵĶӦÿԶԸ֪˭Բԣ
ҵ˵ͷ֪Ҳû֪ӦǣĽͷʦĽ㣬ȡ


ʮ ׽
ǿԼıңһͰǺܴǿϷһĴóһֵĶһͷһܣоŸɵģһ䡣ÿͭһֱ۳İ֡
ҿǿóǸҿȣֻǰֶࡣҶǿ˵ǿʦһȰɣôộǿЦһȷʵǸȡֻȵİµģҲҵԵ
ЦЦûô°ȻôộǿЦЦѾˡȻҲŬħҲԵҪཱུħ
ǿȣʵǿ˵᲻һȳĶ죬ҿôܣ
ǿ˵ģԵͷֻôˡҵǺڴһ졣˵ţǿȴڵϡ˵Ҳ֣ȾڵϣҲǿһߣһգȴ
ҲһߡĬĬصһ̡֧ǿ̬ȣҾ֪һ򵥡Ļǿ˵һµҹ
ҵ̳鵽һ룬һ΢΢Ĳӵ洫ϵİ̻ң䵽˵ϡ΢΢üͷϨ̻ҸСվ˶ܵ
𶯺֣Ӻ˷ҵķӺ𶯵ġͷҲ˳ܵҵߣҲеʲôˡžϸҲҵǰ˵ˣǲ֪Ϊʲôһ£ʵ㶼֪ʲô𣿡ϸ˵Ҳ֪ز룺Ǿһ㡣ǿСϸǴ˳ױӦ
ϸ˵ͷʧˡ
ͻȻеȺģԽԽȡʱҵѾʼˮҿ˿ǿǿҲͷĴ󺹣дʣӦͷҲͷҲܵȶȡ
ҵ·ˮ͸ˣµδδĵˮˡҸееˮʧҿڸץϵˮˮ֪ʲôʱѾûˡܵ䣬ˮͷˮͷֻǷûˮſȥŲ֪ʲôˣôҲƲȥƴһ򲻿
һֱǿҲǺ䤱ĵطʪˡͻȻǿסһߵȣһζȣȵͭһ졣Ҹеһָɿʵĸо˲١ǿɱ۾˵ǡ硯
磿ҲǺףûҿڣǿ˵һʻýʱ߿ռİڷ¶ĳΧڵĿռбõһǽָĳֳȻγɵһռ䡣ǴһСͿռ䣬Լ򵥵Ϊϡôкܶ࣬ԹԷأͬвͬЧ
һƶǶ֪ʲô˼Ҳ˵˵Ǳ˼ҷˡȥǳȥˡҲȥûˮҲֲ˶á
ǿ˵˵Ľ̵ܽĽ硣
ʵΣ
ǿ˵һܽ޷֮磬׼Ἧݱǹ졷֮˵ֽ֮磬һؽᣬӣڴء֮νּʣνˮּʵȣΪʮ˵ӡ֮ķᣬǽķ֮ǽǽΪǽΪʮ˵ӡ֮ߡԽգ˴ڽ̳ϣΪʮ˵ӡ֮ʮġģԺףԻڱ˿ܣ˳ħѮ֮ѣΪʮ˵ӡ֮ʮ塣壬ҮΪǰԺ֮ܽ硣˴Үʮ˵ӡֹδءϼֽ磬޷ʱ岿֮𣬶иò֮ӡʱò֮ӡʱͷ֮ӡղý֮ӡþݱ֮ӡĥýҹ֮ӡ֮֮˵߿һǧѮξŰ١߰١١١һ٣һѮС߻⡢⡢⡢һ֮һơһָ֮Ҫ̳֮֮֮Ȼʵ޷ʱ޷̳֮ܣԵ֮Ϊ֮򡣽֮״֮죬ϢַԲ࣬淨÷࣬޽࣬޾ࡣ֮ܽ¡Ϊ֣ϼ˵򡢽ӡ֮ʵڡ½硯߽Թ֮ɽ磬ڡ硯
ǿⳤƪ۵ģԭе׵ңӺͿˡ˵ǲ˵µĽǵĽԺֽ׵Ǹ
ǿЦЦ˵ͷˮĵͷǿ˵Ȼл۸ҲסҲȫԣ˵Ľ綼ǷģȻ֮ܽȫ֮ܽʵǴ̷ܽչȥаħ
ҿЦһ£֪аħˡ˵ô࣬ûа취Ը磬ҿеܲˡҪϿεǴ˵ɡ
ǿ˿ңɵģѵзķ᲻ửˮ
룬һֱĶǡߡħپǡЩзûлΪҲ֪ʲôá
ڷǿ˵¬ʦ㲻з䶼ửɡҵĹҲڷܽ;ͬ飬κβңƲҲôҿ㻹ˮϵ䣬Ȼ͡ͷҪˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôźãֻܼ롰з䡱ӡ֮ǰȷʵֻûù벻ôˡҼˮϵķ䡣һֳˣĿӡǸ죬һ֧ʣγһ䣬Ҳ֪ҲŻ۾ʱоȻšҫʡһѾ˵ķ䡣Ҵϲǡˮϵ䣬
һ֣ѷա˲䣬ӵ¶һӽҴĺ硣
ǿ۾˵ⲻͺˡô˰ɣ
ҿ˿ͷҲöˣ˿ʵô˵ѾƵˣ
ǿҡҡͷֻˡס粢ûƳ
һżˣô죿ҸôǲǻҪһ
ǿû˵һӾṈ̀ȡ˵һΣЩַͭȴûиղͻȻˬĸоǸоӱƣռ䶼ѹ˹Ҹеһεѹѹ͸ҸϽתϢ
ǿͷϵĺˮøˡ˵ɵɷáֵܲˡʼɽڵĿˡһĽȻǷģǺǿ󰡣


ʮ ƽ
Ϣúܲǿʹࡣǿ͡ͷӶǺܵġҼе˵ҪҪһ׷硣ǿҡҡͷѵ˵ûõġķ䣬ֻܸıڵĻƲ˽硣
Һǽôƽ磿ǿҡҡͷֻ֪ô磬ڴʱ򣬶硣ûƹ˵Ľ硣
ҽеᣬһ⡣취ǿüͷ˵ͺһΧǵһнӷ촦ġֻҪҵǸ϶Ǿͻа취򿪽硣
а취ģϽʵôҵǸ϶ǿ˵ǾĵطǱҪԼľȥѰҡһֻҪ붨ġͨҵۣϵһһҵġ
ҸϽǿߣ۾Ҫ뵽붨״̬һ۾뵽ǿ͡ͷıܵӡʮֽôҲ
ʱǿҵĶ˵ģȻϢ֮Ҳ԰ԼĽͣͷҲᱻģҲԼİ취һͺˡܼһӣҪǲƵ硣
֪ǿ˵öԣԽżԽǲܼоһеԼԴһƬհסͻȻҵгǿӡǿǸУŽ׵ɮۡЩ죺ôᡭ
ǿЦ˵ġͨҵڽоӡǼȻԽͿ֣ϰɡ
ҵ˵ͷֻоϷȥǿ˺ϳһһӾͿԼǰֻһƬǽһĶ֪Ǿǽ硣Ҹе·ţǽѰţҪҵǽ϶
ǰǽԽתԽ졣ҸеһѣǿҵĶ𣺡סҲһСҺһİɡټ١Һǿٴ߶ǰǽˡ
ʱһһҵĶ˻ƣȴŮ˵˵ĻһңǸǻҡ
Һһ㣬Ρаħ͸ǸȻִң𣿿㻻ҡǡ
Ҫ˵ͻȻҿǽϣǿ͡ͷӡǿ͡ͷܺڵϷšͣȴûп롣ǿѾͨˣ۾ѾͻˡһôǻͦһҪѶʣǰֳִϵӡҲǲܺԼĲӣ͡ȴв
һ㶣ô£ϣʲôʱģôô죿
ȥסϣ֣ȴϡһֻյץšʹ
ϵˣҵҲųȥǰһΣȻ˵ҲǸӡֻǿҵ۾ˮиܡҴţȴǾҵǾܲˣҵڵѪΪʲôΪɶʲôԼŮ˶ˡĿȥ
һ̣Ҿ綼ˣұһƮšҸеһʾ⣬ɣʲôû塣ֻȥΪҵİˣҵҲˡ
ͻȻҵĶһͭҸеһѡŷ֣ǰľתǽֳġô£һŴǿŭ֮Ǵ֮֮
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۾ߵǿҲ۾ҵ۽ۣǿ۽Ҳۡ
ˣղſһУǸҵǡҿЩĶҿҵѣҵİˡʧȥһᡣôǿʲôҲأ˲ĴԿôᡭ
ǿֵ˵ϡץȥһһ˵ʲôǼһ档
Ҳعǿ˳ȥͷѾڵſڡ
ǳ˴ţһԺӡһ紵ǲ㱻ǿһеȣһˣнһӡдȥ
̧ȥһεĺڰƮҲһǡְԡдȥ
еκһɢˡ֪ȥҹһƬʡ
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ǿҡҡͷȥҸں档ǿһߣһ˵Ҳǵķʽйϵǵ뿪ֻ̳ԪҲǺΣյģҪû˻ˣͱɹ»Ұˡ
˴ϣọֻ́Ӹǿһҳһ̣˵ȷʵֻǳԪһ磬ͰڸҪҪˣ군ˡ
ǿҲһ̣˵Ҳô˵Ӧ벻̳ġҪû̳ҲСῪ̳ҲӦÿԶԸҸоֻ̽ǵģһ㣬ͻҪǵġյǸ꣬һߡǹ˼Ǹ꣬һġ
ʵǲأ
ǿ۾СһҲڱԺһĹܸӡ˵ҸеԹʯ˷Ӧ
һ㶣ôûоǿ˵˵ˣоķǲһġղֵĸо治ǵһ𣬲ֹǿһ
һ˵ͻȻˡʵҸղſҵѣҵİ˶ˣˡҲˣΪʲô
ǿ̾˿ȻʱϲҲġ
ҿǿоһдܡʵûиĸԺ㻹ʲôѵ㻹
ǿÿɷЦЦ˵Ҷˡҵɴ۾ǰɣųԹû೤ʱ䰡
ǿһħܷģȻҪһˡҡҡͷҲɻˣôûöǿ۾૵˵˵ˣеĲһ𣿡
̾˿˳ǷѾûˡ˵Զ͸ȥŵɣʱ䣬Ҳֻжˡ
ǿ˵ͷǰ˵գա߰ɡ


ʮ õΣ
ŵ棬ʵ벻ǰλǿʦʲôɵġȻ˿ԳôࡣֱǿȸһơƣĴ˸ã˵ˡˡ
˿ҵӣǿЦЦôˣˣҲЦЦ㶫ʲôҵǲֻۣĶʲôģôװôĶǿҡҡͷ˵ˣҵĹܺķΪ̥Ϣղұôķѵĺصġ
Ҳȹ˱ľơվԱˣ߰ɡ
ǻصҵļУϸ˵ǸӰȥˡһ㶣˵֣ϽΣյġϸ˵ҪλˡҺһһ߻Űɫ죬һ˵Ϳˡ
ҵǰʲôϴΪʲôһǸŮˡ
ҪҡҡͷУ̫ΣˡҪӢ̫ѣҪǿ̫ܵ˺ġǻûŪǼһ·СΪˣˣ
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ǿһ˵а壬Ǹ˵ԪȻ˥ϣ˥ߡҿ㻹ǿ취ȻĴ¾Ǵ޽ҲȲˡ
üͷ롣ǿ˵öԣȻÿһüֵǣûΪϾҿ˿ѾǺҹˡ˵绰˸绰
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ǵĵӣҪڣҲҵϸҲھ
룬˵ҲãҲȥҿ˿ǿǿ۾֪ʲôֻ˵áͷȥɣע⣬ھſڵˡ
µ绰ߵͷߣóҩ裬ŵһСڴ棬ˡͷĲϣġͷԴȥɣۡҩҪûþͻΣաȥʶ··𣿡
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ȵĳ֮УĹȴ֮⡣ûȻôߵĹӴһ¶ûУҺǿͲ㱻Ūˡֻôأ
Ҳǿ˵ĹȻȴ뿪Լ̳ôǲǺʦүйϵأȾʦүҵĽͷʦָôأ뵽ЦЦֻĻʦүҲ˵ʲôӦûʲôϵ
Ӧòúʦүϴ̽ʦүĿڷ磬Ͳ֪ˣȻҲ֪µ׺ʹʲôϵҲûкʦүЩ¡
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һ㶣ôˣ˵е㲻Ծҩ裬ܲԾ£³ֻ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
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Ҵ󾪣ô͹ȥ˵ǲҪˡҰ͵ȥ㵽ɡ
ҷµ绰·Ҵҵ˳ȥˣȴǿ֪ʲôʱѾڿɳˡһ֧̣ڿҡ
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˳ǿŵĹŶС˵üһ㻹˵ֻǲȱǮֻЩ֪ǮˣӦóԵĸһЩҡҡͷҵеǮĶҵģҽģġҰҪ뵽Ǹصķ֯飬иʬʦү򵥵˵һ顣ǿؿң㾹Ȼ;Щ𣿡ҡҡͷҾǴӾУҵģҵĺѣŮѶǾ죬ԭҲӦõģֻҾ̫࣬ûʼȷʵûа취⣬ЩֵİȷȷʵʵķˣǲҲûа취ڸҿɲЩаħˡ
ǿ˵ͷҲԣֻҪǳħʲôҪҿʼеˡôǮȻУҶǿۺ֣Ǯʲôϵأ
ǿûлشңȴ˳ӣ˵ʲôζζôô֣ҺŵʲôζҲ˳ӣǸʬζ˵֪ζʲôζè˵յơѲݡ͡ɹǡζ
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Ұǿһۣ˵ǲǻǸ֯һʬѾˡֻζȥɣǿѾˡǿŲ˵¥ϡ
ǻûҺǿɳϣԵһ̡֧ĬĬĳ̡
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ϰ÷ŵɳϣе˵Եʲôҩô
ҿ˿ãȻ˵ģͷףƣ۽գ촽ף΢һ˥ܵӡ
һ߿ţһ߰ǿ򵥵ؽܸϺ͵໥˵ͷְעеõϡǿָõҡҡͷ˵Ϣ˺˥һΣ˼ҡֻ˥ǾȲġ
üͷһ壬һĽſеô죿


ʮ ֮
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ҵĸˡ
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ҷµ绰ſһֱɳϵǿҲ۾ҡȻҲ֪Ҳһĵӡ
첲˿⣬Ѿˡȴֻа˵롣˿ǿ˵˵ԣǸҹ˯һȥ緹
ǿɳЦ˵ȻȥԷ˷˯Ŷô˯أ
ҡҡͷҿǰһǲУҪôĶӺθڣǿЦЦ컯ǰһֻҰǳԲһӣҪԶ
ЦЦɣĻҲ˵óǿһ˵ûпЦ˵ġҿ˿ǿȷʵڿЦʵô֪ǰӣ
ǿ˵С顷֪֪𣿡
˵֪Ҳ֪ȳ˷˵ɡҲˡ


ʮ 
һξ죬ԭΪʦүܿͻҡǲ֪ΪʲôһֱûҲóʵǿַ̽飬еԼ֪ǰ֪顣ȻҼ飬Ǵûиҽ͹ǿ֪Ķܶ࣬һʦһҡ̸۵ʱǺԷһǻԣһ㶼ǰһһǲףһΪʲôתˣһˡ
ǿҲҿ顷ԿԼǰҲ֪ΪʲôԼǰЩɻ䣬Լǿһǰһ񹷣Ұ֮ĶһܲˡûҪҵǰ
ϻڵڶˣõĽⶾ̺ʱ࣬ǲܽȥ˵ġϾһʱҲ侲ˡϾиҪ顣Ϲˣֻµš
Ҳǿ˵ǸͷʦȡҺҵڣϾǸܴвǿȴΪȻΪҵȲףܴʱýԸǣԼڵĵطһн磬ı̳Ǹһ봳ȥǲܵġΨһԽ뵽ǸķǴԼǽȥ
Ҿǿſڿӣô԰ǷŽȥô˵Ѿ֪ʶˣôǷŽĽ磬˵Ӧؼĵط
ǿȷΪȸ֪˭Ԫֻ׷ŲµĻǵȻԪͷ˽磬ǰΧˡֿУҵġͨ۽һ𣬶ԸĴȡҲѷңǿǿΪǸǸ֯µģһлȡʱҾͿ߽ȵĽ硣ͻл
ʵ˺Ҳǿ˵ǺеġֻҲ֪Ҿ߽˴ȵĽ磬ǲĿõ֮ҸӺЩˣҲ֪²һҪ˼ǳС
һ磬ҽӵ˵ĵ绰װģҺûˡҺܿģʵôú𣿡˵ˣ廹еʦһС˵Ķ㣬࣬ȵðЩ඼ԵˣȻͻˡҵ˵ͷãǱ˵ãûؼңȻȥ㡣
ҷµ绰ǿ˵飬Ҫȥһ¡ŰɡҪȥԼȥɡڰ칫ҵӺһչǮԿ׾ڳУһ
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ͻȻˣ첻ǲܸ࣬ǰһ֪ҵΣ԰ҼḺСиӸм졣
ҸϽСǼֵĺɫ̿飬һСװ׵סһƿӵˮ
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ҷɳϡͻȻеǰһΣӾȻҵǰЦ˵̿鲢ûܳȷʵѵȼҲǶһԡʵԡŶˣҪܵȼЩ̿飬˵ҵĹﵽҪˣʦǲǺϸˣЦЦϸˡġأ˺ôҲܸˣʵʦáͨڽ𣿡ҲЦЦԣˡͨȻǧͨǵĹһȻԹͨǿǸð֣һһһЩ顣סһ飬ڤڤ֮жжɼ಻Էмǣмǡ
ǰľʧˡ˵еʵôˣôҡҡͷû£ҺܺáղںͿʦ˵һ㶣Լҵ˵ͷȻԣǰǲܣڿˡΪˡͨҺ˵ġЦЦǰ˵ҲףҾ֪㣬ԽԽˡ
ʱζڿƮɢζʵ̫ˡ˳ӣ㣬ԵĻ㡣ҿЦһǰûҶҪ۳ɵȻóˡ
˵ʲôʱôóԵడҿЦһķѹҵǲںֻסˮ̿飬ҵȥأ
ЦЦʱǮˡôǮҲҵЩҵ˵ͷǮͲܵġҵЩҪԵ֡һ취ҵЩһζࡣЦſ˿ңҵļϡ
ͻȻһΣ˴Űɫɮ۵ǿаһôԣôʥ࣬ǵġ뵽ǿ˵ˣһԺҵıûʲôϵòáͨ棬ͻ֪Ͻ˵ʲô飿Ҫҡ
ǿ˵㡣˵ʲôʦүҪ㣬Ҫڼҵšæʵô˵ǿ˵û˵ʲôֻ˵һѻ׷ʵû˭ǿҡҡͷ˵ȻЩʣǲûʡ˵Ǿ仰ˡ֮ǰûҵ˵ͷû⡣
Ҵӡͨ״̬ˡĴ۾ңװģˣǲֿʲôҿЦһǿں˵˵ʦүңҪҼ档˵ͷҪСĵ㡣
վ˿ɰ࣬˵ˣӦúˡ԰øˡͻˡ˵ͷ˵ҾˣԼءϵ
ˣҲ˳ᵽ˼СǿһˣЦ˵֪Ǯû뵽ôǮıչȫǮ
ЦЦǲʲôиû뵽ĻþûаԼȥȻĳֲǺͻأ


ʮ ѻ
ǿһۣ˵֮ǰ⣬ȻҪסˡȻԼŪ˽ȥǿӦµݰæġ
ЦЦû뵽ֵļһ˼Ȼܡ㣬ʦүң֪ʲô顣ѵǾ߸ʬоʲôˣҶǿ˵ʦǸŮκˣˡ
ǿ˵ͷһţգգʦǸ֣ʱһҪȥݷһ¡ҵ˵ͷðʱҴȥ
һ˵ţһ߽˰칫ҡͻȻ԰̵⣬԰̵ĻǲȫġһҪһء԰̵Ļǲߵģô°԰̵ĻǷŵȥˣ̳ҲĻҲ԰̻Ūȥˣ룬ѵ԰̵ĻڴѰˣҲҵҲûˡҪ֮ڣȵĽ磬²򵥣٣ڶǲ֪
ţǰһ̡̧ͷǿǰ˻Ρҽӹ̣ˣһڣζԣʵʲộǿЦЦȻģôǮðʡɣҿЦһããҲǿЦŵ˵ͷʲô
Ұ԰̵˵ˡǿüüͷǰɣġϽȥҰɡҡҡͷȥҲãã١˵ҲҲڻм졣Ӧÿ԰ɡǿ˵㻹飬ûʱˡѲлңһԡ
ҿ˿ǿ˵ͷǸáȥңȥʦүŪÿԿȣҲ԰̵Ļǣڴǿ˵ͷǷֿжҲһ𣬼סҪҵ˵ͷǿ˿˵ǲǸóˣҿ˿ǿǰɣ㻹ԡǿٺٵЦţ԰ɣһûʱˡεҡҡͷ߰ɣ
ԹҺֻص˼ҡҿ˿ʱ䣬ѾˡҰ԰̵Ĳл꽻ǿǿ˷԰̵Ĳлǵǰ԰̵ӳմƮƮǿָ԰̵Ķͷдʣֻл꣬ವһǿָСǿǰ˵ͿܸܲӦԼĻˡ˵⿴˿Ѿʼˡǿ˵ʱոպãˡ
ҿǿźָ˵ͷ
ǿ֮ҳһ̧֧̣ͷ˿ǽϵӣվ˳ȥʦү˾վſڣʦүĳҲͣǰҳòľһ¬ϳҵ˵ͷ˳
ʦүڳ棬˾Ҳ˳˵¬ʦүڼҵʹȥ
ҵ˵ͷϡӿ˳ȥ
ԼСʱһԺǰͣ³˿ԺӡԺӹɫ㣬ӦǸĺԺשšͭףŻǰһʯޡԵׯϡû뵽ʦүסĵطվſڣһ¡ܿ˿ͻȻҾȻ֪Լʲôط
еã˶ʮ꣬ҾȻ֪Լںδô˵ֻаСʱĳ̣ӦòߵĺԶҼҾģҾȻ֪
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˹ȥʦү˵ʦүⶴ찡Ǹڡ
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ʦү˿ң˵ȷʵбȲõĶ֪¬ûעأ
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ʦүĵ˵ͷ¬ȷʵǾࡣ˵ž˲룬˵㿴죬羵ֽö
ϸյȷʵǳϸ塣̧ͷʦү˵ֺֹյʦүÿһǴҪǿûӦԪ໨ģĴǲҰҿӦҵİɣõļҾߣƷҳ׾ȫ󡣡
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ʦүеĲյʵֻʲô˵ֻͷʦΪ˸½ͷȿҼҵıķ֮ΪڣְҼҵıķȡˣǱķǲȫҽԺСǲǽһ£ϾǸķ޹ġ
ʦү˵ͷһ㣬Ҳ֪ıķĻӦԸ⽻ġȥȥ
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룬ǾȵٿóȻĳȥܴ򿪽磬пܱ档
ҸϽ˹˲룬һڲ衣ͻȻҵһǿӣҵС


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ǿ˵ͷǺãȳˡԼСġ
еǿʧˡ洫ĽŲһͷ˿ֻʦүӺ˹ʦүЦŶ˵õˣ¬Цҡҡͷ
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ҵġζ𡱵ȼˡлֻһֻžһмƬˡһмɰл͵һ𣬺ϳһĻǡ


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ӹͷǺϿʼĶǿ˵аǻǲˣмô죿
һֱǿŻعͷһüͷ˵ôǲǲʲô


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ǹζǴҵĳ洫ģϹӰڻζҳϹŹˡЦЦʵ̫ˣ̫ˡ㲻ϰ𣿡
Ϲѹŵ˲ϣûµģôҲڡ
ʲôô㣡ǿ֪ʲôʱҲ߳ˡ


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ߣǸеѾʼˡΪӴĿʵ̫ˡҶǿ˵˵ˣ˵Ʒ
ǿͰѳֲסˣӷ๾һӱϣڶ̫ҡҡͷóҲƴû˺ġǿ̧ͷĿ˿ң˵ôǸǱڵĵأ
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ǿðӹŲϹЦЦлְСεҡҡͷϹںЦЦ˵ԾͺãǵôŪӵġм£ҽԺ绰ŶսȥϢá˵԰˹ֻĪСָ˵治֣
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ǿڵĽ棬˵ⲻʲôϹСŽбˣνããеáǿָôõأ
֪ǿڿЦȴ˵ʲôҲЦһᣬǿһᣬֽţôҡһʱ䣬֪˵ʲôźá
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ǿ࣬˵˵ʵĲáҸеԼͿһڻͷؽᣬڳЩˡϻƮƮġ
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ҵ˵ͷʱһ˽Ķ˵˾仰Ϲվϰ壬ҵˣСĵ㣬Ҵ绰ɡ
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һص˷С龹ȻЩءǿ֪ʲôʱվҵߣԵһֵĶҪǲҪġġ
̧ͷ˿ǿ깤ǿʦ˵ʲôǿҡҡͷ˵ʲôҪҪԼסҿ˿ǿҾǲףл˵ˣ
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Ĳ֪˵ʲôˣҿǿʧ˵磬㵽ʲôġŸոճԹɣô涼㶨ˣԣ
ǿ˾ţղйȷʵ˵иоںĹұҪһЩ
ҡҡͷû취ȥ԰ɣȥտôǿЦЦֻҪеĳԾа
տ̯ϣǿһһ⴮һֻһƿơƣȫһо֮˵һɮ˵ӡ
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ͻȻһֵĸоʲôڿҡͣ˻ͷ˿ǿǿҲڿңɫ


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ҺһơƣѹסеĿ־Сáͨǿ˵ûҵǵˣǿ˵ûУָоȴԽԽǿˡҺڿѾǵ߽һ硣ĿĻһ֪
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̾˿ϧǲ룬ǲģҲ֪
ͻȻǵһҲҿԸǡ
һǾȻ֪


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ʱ򡰲ͷҲ˽ֻֻ۾ŭصţҺָǿĺ档ҪһԵ޹ʵ˵ӿֲϽһסˡͷ͡ͷӲİ˻ȥ
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ǸźĹ궶˶·ƽĿ˵ﶼһܽɼҲһĹӦòҰɣͷ˵ͺҪǸȥұסˡͷ嶯˵˵
źĹ꿴˿ͷƺԡͷΪɵɤӣ˵Ҫһҿɲ뱻ԵǲǾϴγˡڤ룿
ҵ˵ͷ㻹еʶ㵽˭ʲô
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ҿŹʹǱӣЦЦˡͷ˵빴Ҳˡҵġͷ¶Ѱ
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ʹߵ˵ͷǿԸһЩ飬һЩ顣˵ֿ˿ңҲ֪Լˡ׷ɱ˰ɣЦЦνĵ˵ͷ֪ڻǸʲô׷ɱҲô𣿡
ʹ̾˿ȻôãΪǲ׷ɱΪǵһ߰šͷһҵĴϡǿһߡ
ʵʲôأʹ˵Ȼһˡġ׷ɱ׷ɱľͲֻЩ»ҰȻҲЩ߳Ĺ»ҰôҲǲ
üͷȻû֪жǿսһʵЩطһİɣҲΪ޷ԲԡǹôȨ׷ɱأ
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ҵ˵ͷ»ֹЩɣǸĵõ˺ôȻ䡣ʱҲᵹùġЩˡôЩûȱİ취ҲȥԮʲôġ
ʹߵ˵ͷȻҲ磬ȥֻǲ֪ΪʲôҲûϢڶʮǰҲ˵ֻǿϧʿȻͻţǵԪ֮󣬻޷ͻڤİΧȦԼԪҲˡ
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ǿʵɡԽΣžţȻͲÿϣ֮ǰǵҪҵ˭أ
ʹҡҡͷҲ֪ǿЦһҲ֪ô㲻֪д˭Ķ֪ʹ˵֪ǲ֪ΪҲ֪Ϊž䡣һŷǷšֻҪһǷ͵䣬ȻͻᱻԵ˿ͻΣ


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ҿЦһ治֪ڿң˵ʲôǵľֻдˡ׷ɱʲô˼أ
ʹ߿˿ң׷ɱ˵ģȻ㡣һĵ֪ǡĵˡ԰ǡ
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ʵزǿǸôûа취ֹսأ
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ʹߵ˵ͷֻ㣬һôҲ֪ҲûȨ档ǻġ
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㱱ɣ̾˿ȻףһһλֵΪ档ˣ֪㱱ɵĹ𣿡
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һкǿģû뵽㱱ɲԵҲôԵÿҲĲ١Ҳ˵Ķԣǳ绹ǻġ
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ЦЦǲæҲϾǲȥ䡣ز᲻ᵽȥˣǿü˵ͷȴû˵ʲôһֱŹʹߡ
ʹ߱ǿúܲڣʵΪʲôǿңǿЦЦʵһʼҾ;ú֣ΪʲôҪӡܺÿ𣿡
ʹ߿˵ҵȻҲ봩ӣû취²ŵƷҶҪӣʲô취ˣҶ˼ˡ
̧ͷ˿ǽϵʱӣʱָҹʮһˡʹ˵ʱˣҲˡʮʱŻ򿪡ֻǸʱſԻص硣
ҵ˵ͷ߰ɣȥ·Ǻװɣʹߵ˵ͷǲףֱǻһƤˡ
ǹʹ˵ߣȴûߡʲôʵˣСɣ


ʮ رӰ
ҵ˵ͷôʶǣʹߵ˵ͷʶȻǳǡ
ҵ˵ͷС˳Сһʹ߶ܿģʹ߿С˵Ƕû£ͺáסΣûнǧҪȥɡúð¬
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ҿӣҲ֪Ϊʲôǻôĸ飬ֳ棬ҲҵҲᡣ
Сεķſ֣ǹʹһΣʧˡСվᡣ
ҺǿһۣжƣΣϸŻع˿˵ǵľˣǷųġҪûһǴĻɢġϴ㲻֪жôΣգҲʱпܱĻɢģֻȥˣ֪ܼܲ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ˡķʶЩСûõġľ㻹˵˷ʣҲ㡣
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ҡҡͷԼˮҲ˲ôģôãһضˡǿҲ˿ЦЦԭҶһģνԵ֣ҵԵ֡Ե֣ǲŻϧ㿴¶Ҳһ
û뵽һҿ˿ǿˣôˣᣬеġ
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˯˸ʱѾʮˡ߳䣬ǿڿСһҳ˵ôҶˡ
ץץͷ˵ɣôˣǮԼȥԾˡõҵġǿЦЦһҲûʲô˼ϴһ£ȥԷɡ
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һ߳һ߶ǿ˵˵տ̯һµǸ˭أǿͷû̧˵ô֪о˵ӡ㵽ڶŪ˭ô֪
ҵһ֧̣һڲ裬˵Ҳ֪֪Ǹˣ㣬Ǹǵ˻ѣ
ǿ̧ͷҡĶ˵˼˵ʵҸоϵɱҵķ𹦣ɱСҲԿôԭ϶һûɱҵ˼ǲǵҾͲ˵ˡ
ҵ˵ͷĹҪǵҲѰɣǿ˵ͷҡҡͷȴû˵ʲôҲ֪ǲϿҵ˵
Ҫһ£ȻҷһӰҵǰһΣǸӰǿǸˣǿһţ㿴ˡ
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ǿһ߼ߣһ˵ûУҸоˣǸһ㡣
ǳ˾Ƽң˽ϡ˺ܶࡣҿǸǰ治ԶĵطζšϽȥǲߵö죬ǲ֮ľ롣ڴϣҲʩչֻܺǿظ˺档
Ȼǰ棬Ǻ֪ǵٶһǿ죬Ҳ졣Ҳҵǿ˵һڰʲôطǿ˵ͷȥȥ֪ˡ
߽һӣҺǿҲ˽ȥ˵ӰȴˡҺǿȥӺ߶Ǹ¥֪ΪʲôģȻɭĸоһ˶ûУҿ˿ǿǿҡҡͷңʲôҲо֪һͬ
һ㶣ô֪ǿ˵ÿģ̇ͷһȻǰһ¸ǽͬѾµˡ˵Ӱӡܿ˿ǽǶԷһ֮ʲôûС
ҵ˵ǸһȥˣҪʲôأǿüͷ²ʲô¡ȥˡ
ǿĻû䣬һַ紵˹һ˳ǵǰǱǣǸϤӰ
ʵ㵽˭˺ٺٵЦЦҲˣȻһûеڶ㡣
˵Ļ˵ĪҲ㵽˭˵ӦʶƤҡ˵תͷ
ͬʱǿ˵ոߣ
һ˵Ҳǵһ


ʮ һո
˲ǱˣǳϺۿŹͷԵġһһȻʣ֮ǰϤӰڴϵƬ档ִǿһ£סǣӦҪ˰ɡ
ǿһƽ˵㻹Ҳ㾹Ȼ㡣
ϺٺһЦǲǰô㻹𣿡ǿЦЦԻҲ˭֪ɽлƫɽС򲻹㣬򲻹㡣˵ţһΣȳȭӡ˳һӡ˲䣬ΧĿ񱻳һǸͷۼȥ
һǿ˵ʹ򣬸ϽҲˡҫʡһתҲϺ
ǿġȭӡѳϺΧסڳϺϣ·ͷӭ綶ţϵⱻ紵ĳһĿӡ
ϺȻ壬΢΢һЦһΣȻʧˡҺǿĴ䵽մ˹Ⱥ˿֪ʲôʱ򣬺澹Ȼһ¸ǽضǵĺ·
Һһ˺·Ƹ۸áʱ򣬳ϺֳڰСǣߣֻ𣿿첻ʰˣʰˡ
˵һᣬŹֱǷɹǿüͷ΢塣ȳƿӡֽӡϮԼȥ
һһšҫʡһֻҲƳһСְԡȥ
ǿġƿӡҡְԡһײϹ򣬾ȻסˡǱ˹⡣
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ĳϺüͷ΢壬ҵ׷ϷȥҺǿҲ̧ͷ׷ϣ׷ԸǽΧǡ׷Ȼֱķȥ֪Ӱ
Ϻ΢΢һЦǺǣķ仹ҡǸеǳܵѹˡǿĽе¬֣㵽ӵʲôҲû뵽ҵķһܺáôš׷һЧûСֻõһӵǡ׷ǵһã񲻺áİ취ɣ
ǿҡҡͷ͵شһӡҲƳһײһ𣬷һ졣
ҲϽ֮һתʩչ㿪˹ڿնһеġҫʡеĳϺ˹ȥ
Ϻһúáһǿץȥһҵġҫʡץȥûֻ첲˺ܳ塢סҸеҫʡһ֪ϺץסˡҫʡҸ붶֣ǡҫʡһӱֱˡȻҴϿС
Ϻһֻ֣ҲץסǿĲӣһӰǿᵽ˰СǿȴֻֻץסϺ֡ȴġҲ֪ǿʲô飬һҧָҵѪڡҫʡϡҫʡһӷ⡣
Ϻšҫʡ̵֣ˣһɿ֡ҴӰе˵ϡˤ߻أԼϽӶҫʡϺץǿִȥϺֻһգһӴǿߡ
ϺٺһЦվסǰҾ
һ㶣ͣס˽ŲšҫʡųϺǿôϺңһƺһʢľջ򵥣ֻҪǩԼҡҾͷüͷѡ
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ͻȻҵгǿǿؽеǩǩΪŰҪ㲻ЭλãҲǩԼġ
ǿʧˡǿһ㹦ˡҵĺʹʵһʼҾ֪ľ񣬿浽һ죬ֺҽȭͷָǶ뵽УѪ˳
Ϻ˵㻹ʲôǩˡͲˡǩǩϺͺһǼǵĴ֪ұѡ
ҿųϺʱѾ˹ͷͷЦ¶Ѫͷ˳
˾ˮ𣬻ӶšҫʡݺݵϺȥ˵ֵܣ±Ӽǹͷз⣺ˣߣ˵ˣ
Ҵһٷϻǹͷ͵תǿ£ǿǵϺɫҲٿȥһֻʹһСһѹͷС
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ҺһǩǿҲǩġʯҲǩġҽһǽ棬ͷȥ
ͷݺݵ˵ڸģҵġҫʡѾǰͷҪͻȻһֱŵǿͻȻһ¡ֻɿһֵӡƮƮ˹ͷϡ
һ£ȴûͣ٣һǣͷȥ
ͷЦЦϡžһ졣ǹͷ屻ǿķ顣ŪķѡǿҲһ䵽˵ϡһˡͷһЦһȻ䵽ǿϡͣǿҧȥ
ãһҪԵǿǿ塣ҸϽһ֣ҫʡͷȥҲʩչǿǰ档ͷһЦҧ˹һС߶ͷȥǹͷϷȥڿת˼Ȧ˻ΣȻ塣һƬ塣ֻצտɫĹâڿһץ
ͻȻıһ㶣û뵽ͷı仯ϽУһǡְԡԼǰǹͷֻצһȻҵġְԡֱ
û뵽ҵġְԡȻ赲Ƭ̣ҪѾˡۿտĹѾҵǰаУã군ˡ
һʵ̫ˡҺǿһ𶼲Ƕ֣ԹҶ֪ζԸɫ֪Ǿ綾ġ˲ҪǿҲһ
ͻȻзӿܲ˲ѹǵĶϡͷһ¡ֻһ٣ҿһ


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һ˫ֺ֮ľ롣ҿǹͷüͷһ壬ƺʲô˱仯ʱһֱǹͷ֮ϡͷһֽСžǺһֻ֮öֱ߰˲˵ڵϵǿ˦һ泯졣
ǹͷСͷðһ̣ڿһ㵽һߡͷһΣҪҷɹҸϽһǿǰ棬֮׼ӦԹͷٴνǹͷתһףͷȥͷٴζܣٴ𣬹ͷٻһ£ֱУֽһһڰʧˡ
ҿͷӵġĴĿţѰҹͷӰӣʱҵߡֻеԴ˵һһ˵ϡʲô֪ˡ
֪˶ã˹ǿҵ߿ҡһλλڷʹԴǿʵû°ɣ
Ҹеʹкᡣġصɵ˵ϣʵǼһˣǿҡҡͷӦǰɣΪʲôúõġ
ڵϣһǺ֣˼ʱҪǵǻúõҲ֪ĺףȻǸһˡڻôؼҰɡ
ǿֵؿңļٵģ˭סһʼӵġ׷治֪ôѧģΪʲôô׳֡Ҫ
һԴһǾҵĶһ۲ѡǿסˡ˵԰ҵġ׷ǵģôòǿЦЦù⼸һǺѶԸСԸһˡ
̾˿˵ˡ㻹ؼǸϽ߰ɣһǼһֻˡһ˶ԸûСӸסǿ˵ͷ˵ģľУͻǿġҸղŵһӣöˡҷ㣡
Һһң˵վǿһľʹǿٺٵЦαӲţɡ໥߳ӡûߵƼӣһ⳵ᵽ˼С
ǽӣɳϡǿͳҿڴ̵һ֧˵˲죬ȻԵĲǱ˴úһֻƤһҰǿһۣҲһ֧̣һһҾǼ£ûǱһΣǿ˺ܶ𣿡
ǿ̾˿ҵûоֻǸоܶô죿ҡҡͷ֪ˣΪҲöǽɡ绰
ǿЦЦ˵˵һôôϴ͡ͷ͸ɵһǾȻ򲻹ЦЦˣҺ㲻УҺ͡ͷС˵㲻确ͷ´Ӧôͷȥģûͷܵӣ׺ݵġ
ǿЦЦ㲻ңҲġбҪšͷһҪõöࡣ
ʱ򡰲ͷ˹˿ǱӣƺЦǡҺǿһۣЦЦ
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ǿЦЦǲ˵չߡģԸɱ޹ģ鲻ȤǹĹͷɱʲô⡣Ϊʲô᲻ɶǿ⵹Ǻ֡
ڷǿ˵ҪꡣҲе֡ˣɲԸ֣
һ㶣Լָǿǿָ㣬һվ˵ֲáҴûҲ֪Լʲôʵʲộָǿʦ
ǿ˿ңѹҪꡣİֺеˡһİ֣ʮʱġ
Ҽǵÿʦ˵£Ūʮʱʲô˼׷ʵôǿ˵һ˶һٸˡۣҺϹ֡Һһʲô𣿻һǣ
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һ˳ǿʦˡɣҲŪѾӷˡ
ǿһ棺˵ģİġӦÿҵġ顷㿴ǰ֪
ǿӣе㶯ˡҿ˿ǿǿʦ˵顷Ҵûϴ鰡
ǿ˿ң˵˵벻뿴ɣҪ뿴Ҿ㿴룬˵ͷãҾͿҵǰʲôġ
ǿһ֣Ϸһóһ顣Ǳֻ齫СЦЦǿʦⱾҲ̫ˡдְ
ǿЦЦƣַŵϡ齫СһڰתţһһӱˡԼšҾȵĿһСû뵽ǿġ顷ô档
ǿţҵ֡Ǳ顷ڰԽԽ䵽ǿСҿš顷һҳȻǿհ׵İֽһ㶡ǿҲһ㶡ʵǰǿʦʲôôûֵģ
ǿץץԴ԰ôأ˵ſдʡǱ顷зɿķšƬ֮䣬صǿϣǻƪֽûа֡
ҿ˿ǿǿʦǿץץͷûпܵġЦЦһⱾû֡ǿеżˣģ㿴ҵǰ顣
˵ǿ˼䣬ǡ顷ɿķ˼£Ȼƪ֡дҰʳʲôġ
ҿ˿ǿģΪʲôҵûأǿɳϣ˺ܾã˵Ȿ顷һġû֣˵˵ûǰ
һ㶣ɣûǰôܣǿüͷ˵ֻߣǰѾСɽˣⱾ顷ûС
ҺǾȣԼǰȻɡ˵ǰɣǿʦ˵ѹܴġأһˣǲˡˡ


ʮһ ؼߺ
ǿһ֣Լġ顷һĿ˿ҡһţӷԵ־ԸԸġҿǰһˡҡҡͷѵ⣬û֮ģǿЦЦˣǰ֮Уͺܲˡ
ҡҡͷˣҾҵǰʲôҪˣҲҵǰǻǸͷɡһ¡
ǿʵʲôˣ˵֮ǰҼĹͷֻͷġϴθҺ͡ͷôʱҲûġ͹Ǹ岢һ
ǿ˵ͷ԰ʦҵҲֻйͷû塣˵óԼŵСͷµĿһ߿һ˵ʦ˵иӦǸղΪʲôһ㷴ӦûСҿǿҲóԼĹͷϸĿ
ͻȻҷҴŵСͷҲͷǹǵһС֡Һ֣ʵһֱû档û뵽澹Ȼ֡ҸϽһŴ󾵡ϸؿ˿ֺ֣֣Ӧ׭顣ҲʶǸ֡
ǿҿϸʵڿʲô۾û뿪˵˵ֲͷְǿʵʲô֣ҡҡͷҲʶ׭顣ǿù˷Ŵ󾵣˿˵һĵġġ֡ҿ˿ǿŶ㵹ʶǿЦЦﳤǺɽıгģҲʶ˵ֿ˿ԼеǸͷ˵ţǸ֣Ҳ֣ǡʮһ֡ʲô˼
ҿ˿ǿܼ򵥰Ӧǵıšдšġľǹĵĸͷʮһǹʮһͷǿ˿ңѵǹͷıšЦŵ˵ͷ
ǿ˵˵һһ𣿡ҡҡͷҼҸҿ϶ǲһġǿüͷΪʲôǹͷÿͷǲһأ룺ҾͲ֪ˡ֪һǸʹ߾ͺˡҲ֪ЩʲôˣС֪֪
Сǵǰϵı鶼еɥͻȻϴγҺ͡ͷ֮⣬СҪûСҲǸĺŹͷҶԾϸ˵Ǳˣôɥˣʣ֪֪顣ϸ˵ͷǵռ鱨һϰˡԶڹ飬Ҳ֪һЩ
Һǿܿģ˵ǲ˵ϸ˵Ҳûǰ˵Ҫǹʹ˵ǡߡҲܺ˵й顣Ҫ֪Ҫȥġ˵̫ǣǶá
ҿžϸ˵ߣʲôߡϸ˵ϵᵽˡһûˣͿ硣ǡߡû뵽ȴ˱ֻĵʿ֮󣬾ʹ˵ڶ䡣ֻдš׷ɱǸʱҶһĪչΪѾûзǸˣԵڶָܲȷʱǶܷֱ˵ȻԼˡ׷ɱǵľһԭĿС׷ɱ׷ɱ˾㡣һʼҲǱǿǸ׷ɱˡôãȻܰôҲʼеˡȻһعˣǾ绹ϣġǡ塯ԾܵˣҲҵߡ硣ڹʹ߶㣬Ǵˡ
龫ֵļһû뵽һ;Ȼôϡ˵˵ǾͲһ֪ģһžءǲǿŷдʲô˵СһȻϸ˵ֻеزſԴ򿪵䣬ڵزҲ֪ȥǴ򲻿ġ
ЦЦҾǵľˣðɣҴӦһᾡġھҪԸЩͷղǱһͷѻҪǵͷϴǶԸĹͷܲһ֪Ϊʲô
ϸ˽һţ˵֪
ɫĽ˵ͷ˵Ҳǡһ꣬ʮеĽһǰʮеԪ˻ʮͷ­ʮжɱ䱩־ͨѡ˶ѵ˼ĵġڤлûɣġħ󷨡ûɡͷ­廹ܺ϶Ϊһһͷ­ص֮ϣôû˿շˡ
ҵ˵ͷ㻹û˵Ϊʲôÿͷ­һ˵ϴ𼱰˵֮ÿͷ­һΪÿһжǲһġÿһиеͣԹͷеľһЩеľͲһЩϴżһԸǸͲһ㡣
ҵ˵ͷʵ֪֪һأЦЦ˵ǿʶˣǶϢһԵɺ֮˵ززԡʮݵز˵ĵߵģħΪ߶ڼЩΪЩر
ЩʵʲôץץͷҲ֪ʱز˵˺ܶĻҶú˵һУһֽĶ
һ㶣˿ǿǿ΢΢ĵ˵ͷԭǶкֵܶģ鰮ĸд󰮡ֵܶġ֪һأ
ָԼı˵ҿɲǺЩ䶼Ĺ겻һǴ糤ееġﶮЩܸܲҵʲôС
ҡҡͷǿʦ飬ɣָо̫ҿ˵ǿٺٵЦЦȲ˵˵ͷ
˵Ŷز˵ĵΪ˽ĶŪñеĹͷһĹҪߡǵʱܵģǵزȴ񲢲ģֻЦ˵һ䣺Ҳоȣ֮Ҳ˵ˡǶ֣֪زʲô˼
ǿţӷ𣬵زȻǻ۸Զ仰Ȼ򵥣Ǻֵòꡣߺǹؼ
üͷؼߺţǿ˵ͷģҲ㻹ǵǸסǵĽǿĵطҲĵطǸؼߺžͺıԵ
ҵ˵ͷǵؼߺţѾ塣֮ǰһôҲûг塣ؼߺţܲ򵥡


ʮ ݾ
ϸЦЦ˵Ȼ򵥡ʱǾʶʮߺžġһǾأû뵽ﻹô
˵и⡣ҿ˿ǿ˵ǿʦ˵ʮʱģİ֮ˣȵһٸˡǰҲġչߡΪʲôǸߺ֮⣬ûҪҵĻǣ
ǿ˵Ȼ˵ǺܺõӪƷҲÿһõģͺЩرˣܳԲҩһν鲻ܲ
ҿ˿ǿ˵ĺɮһ˼ǲǱġչߡûа취ҵأǿ˵ͷԣžӡҪؼߺˡ
е㲻ףΪʲôز˵ߺţȴеأǿ˵ղ˵ˣزǻ۸Զڿģ֪ģֻǲ׵زΪʲôͻȻʧأ
ЦЦҲ˵˵زǻ۸ԶǿġȥɣҲزʲôҪأǻǵɡؼߺźȴûɱǣôأ
ǿңҼ˵㲻ɱңҵꡣΪʲôɱ㣿ǿ˻ԴǰԭҲЩ֡ղ˾ϸĻҲеסҵһ֧ʵʲô֣
ǿ˵ҵʱҶоɱΪаĵطҲ㡣Ҳǿõһ㡣
ҵ˵ͷ˵öԣǾͿԻǡǲ˼ǿ˵ͷԣǿаĿΪáǶ˵ʵһ¡
֪ǿ˵еҲ֪鲻װ쵽ҶԾϸ˵ûа취ҵչߡϸ˵ûа취ҵǿˡͷѿϵҲûİ취֮ǰ˵ʮͷ֮ϵģǴСͷĹͷиӦģֻҪЩչߡΧһľ룬СͷӦûиӦġ
üͷǰɣǺǸؼߺŴ˰죬ǵСͷһ㷴Ӧûаǿ˵˵ǼһˡҲԿԼĳЩ㣬ǵСͷӦҵ˵ͷǾ˵ǵСͷǿԸӦġչߡϸ˵ͷ˵ġ˵ҿ԰Сͷǣǰҡչߡɣ
ϸҡҡͷϴʲôû⡣ôﲻ㡣ͷ޷ӦġҪԼ
̾˿˿ʱ䡣ó绰ͨ˴ϵĵ绰Ϻո˯ѣԺء˵ѣʲôʱ˯һЩ˵æڡ˯һͱСŪˣʲô˵ɡҰǿҵ˴ϣҵˡ
һһļ֮˵ʱʦˡѾǩҵ˵ͷܺã֮Ͳˡ˵ǾǷ˳ȥðɣ˵ֻʦүԲĻˡĺ滹ˣǵһûпǲǡ϶һ󣬲˵ҲԡǾɣڻûĿʼˣʱа취ġ
ҷµ绰ǿ˵Ҫȥˡôǿ˵ţӦһҾˡԱɡ
һص˷䣬ʼһֱ˺ܾãɫʱͻȻ۾еöˣѾָˡ´첲ߵſڣšʦүվҵǰЦЦôˣɡ
ʦү˵ͷ˽ǵ˿ʦү˿ң˵¬еͻֻʣǱߵĴڰŵôˣЦЦûˣԶŵĴСԴӦˡڿʱţ֪͵
ʦү˵׼͵һʬչᡣߡǧˮͿǱ߽УԱɰ׻ˡʬǺϷġӦÿһüǮġ
ҵ˵ͷû⡣Ǳ߶źã߾Ϳ԰ٶȰŴڡʦү˵ͷãáҿҪлˡ˵ʦүֿ˿ң˵ɫôôľ˵ӡǶ޵֮ˡľɻһ¡
ȻҲǺľļɻҿɲ֪û뵽ʦү۹ôȻҵĹľˡҸôͣأҵĴԷٵתţŶӦĲԡ
ʦү˵ǲʲô鷳üͷû취ʦү׷ʵﲼ󷨣㻹Ҫľĵ˲򵥡ҪҪ˵Ұ㡣
ҺٺٵЦЦһ˵ǺǣʦүȻ۹ȷʵľҲû취ǰǸմ͡
ʦүһ㶣մ˵ǸͷʦѣôˣôŪ㹦ľҿʦүı鲢ѡѵĲ֪ǸմΪʦүٿüͷ΢˵¬л˵ҵǸѣҲûа취벻ʲôľ
ҡҡͷ̾˿˵ʦүʵദʱ䲢ҶҶҲ𾴡Ҳ£ԭͲģȻˣҲ˵һ¡ҺѽǡҰѲµĶ꽻ҵҵıķĻȴǲȫġֱҸķһʱ򣬲ŷ֡ҵĹУѰæҲȫˡֻǹľѣҵѻһָ˵
ʦүһĬƬ̣˵£˵ô˵ҵѻķָҲûˡʦү˼˵Ĳ֪顣û뵽ҵǸͷʦѻǶԲ𡣡
Ҫҡҡͷû£ѾȥˡȻһָԣҵıķҲһָǱϾû˳¡ѵҲ⣬մɣӦǲµĽ㣬ȰɣĵܵȷʵǱɱˡҲûа취֮ҲˡԺҲ˰ɣ
ôһ˵ʦүӲ˼ˡ˵û뵽¬ôǡҲ֪˵ʲôźˡһΪָġҡҡͷ˰ɣѾȥˡҲûʱԸһˡʦүҪǾò˼Ͷҵ⣬ҶǮˡ
ʦүƺ˿ЦЦ˵û⡣û⡣ϴǸʬͺܺãеĻϣԶһЩҪеĻԸ߼չҵ˵ͷʵ˵ео֪ûоʲô


ʮ ʦүʦү
ʦүһЦȷʵе˼ЩʬѾҲĲҩЩֵ
׷ʵŶ˵ֲҩʲôأ
ʦү˿˵ʵֶһ֣ûʲôЧֶһ𣬾һֺЧڻ˵ͺƷһ»ãһ񫡣оںܾǰرߵıӣֶҩȻֶǵС
ʵԻЧѵҲʲôЧʦүЦЦ˵ЧԶ׼ġֲҩǿԷʬġ
ҵ˵ͷȴе㲻ԾΪڡ塱ôĸʬȻǼ򵥵طȻرġһ뱣ʬô򵥡Ӧʲôô
Ҷʦү˵ҷֵĵطûзĹʬ͹ϣƵáƺʬ岻İɣ
ʦүЦЦȻôˡЩӱҲʳֲҩ֮ȻһЩǲ㾢һżȻĻһӴʦ˾ֲҩķʬ塣Ȼôɣ취Щм䴫ˡЩӿʼĸʬԼʳã
ҸеһĶģȻС˷ּҿ˿ʦүʵѵʦүҲʦүЦЦ֪Ĳ֪ǲǹáһһԣʵ²˿ڡֶгҺмֵνġɹǡкܶϿɵģǼֲҩġɹǡֵǮĿҲҪҪ۰˾ģҼֵڻƽ𡣡
û뵽ֶôֵǮҿ˿ʦүʦүʼձһ΢Ц˿˵ģǼٵģҲĻӦʦٵġЦЦãҽȥңֻҪҵˣһû㡣
ʦү˵ͷã˵Щҵһ֮أȻŪ˺ܶĸʬЩǱɸʬ˵궼ڤͰǵԶֻˡҪҵˡʬءһкܶĸʬ֪¬ҵأ
ҿ˿ʦү˵ǸطҲ˵ֻ̫ǼǵǱӣʲôݡʲôͷġ
͵ۿ˿ʦүʦүı鲢ûʲô仯ֻ΢΢ص˵ͷǿʲôͨԹɫ뿴ʲôǲеġ
ʦүת˵֮ҵĽͷʦѶ˵ԲˡҪˣڴڵ飬һ֪ͨġõˡ
ҵ˵ͷǾͲԶˣʦүլӲҲһʦү˿ңЦЦ¬ȻǱ㿴˼ֻסŲطֻլӶһˡ
ҵ˵ͷʦүȻ֪ʲôãʦүʼ򣺡ʵҲ֪Ϊʩ˲ҡҿ˿ʦү˵ô˵ǸඣʦүЦЦû˵ʲôȥ
͵ſڣ˵ҾͲԶˡʦүЦЦɣϵ
ʦүҵǾġʦүǸƺ֪ܶ飬ƺʲôҲϡҺ䵽·硣УҪ취ҪҪʦүˡ
һص˰칫ңһ֧˴ϡճһڣֻǶϢרźʹϵֻҿ˿ǴĶţȥ俴ж㡣
Ҵ򿪵ԣ㿪䣬ȻһµʼҴʼһŵͼҵǰͼһɫߣһˮϵֲͼмһִԲǾ
һˣû뵽ϾȻҵˮϵͼϸĿ˿ߣһһֱסĳУǵĳУһֱ˶ߵĴ󺣡һߣһ·򱱡һֱע뵽һС
棬һֵͼҵûлͷҲ֪ǿ˵˵˰ԭ𣿡
ǿЦЦöˣղиֵط֡һعͷȥʵʲô֣ǿ˵ҾʦүǰĲһ
һʵʲôһǿ˵һֱʱһҪн硣Ǹ˽ҵĽ硣
һ㶣ǰɣʦүںʱ򣬻йĽ磿
ǿҡҡͷǵģҵĽʹֽǲһģûйԣûɱҵĽǲʲôӦġ˵ҵĹҵķۣɱеģûɱҵĽûиӦ
ץץͷҲʦүֲƴģûɱġʲô֣ʲôͬ
ǿ˵ȻһҸеʦүĸоȻܵĹؼߺŵĸоһġ
һ㶣ǰɣ˵ղǹؼߺţѵʦүǹؼߺţһ룬ҡͷԣǾԲһˡ
ǿ˵ͷȻһˣôвͬҽӿ˵˼ؼߺűҵӹģǿ˵ͷ˵⵹һ£ؼߺſԱʦүӣ֪ȥ˵һһģ㲻ؼߺžʦүˣȻʦүôġ
ǿЦЦǰܡǶһ֮ѡҺ֣ؼߺôȴûʲôɱġǡûҪʲô㿴ͷҲûʲôӦѵһѾķ豹棬еϢ
е㵣ģǲ֣С롯Ƕ˼˵ͺûǱʾ̫ˡŪ˼Ҷôˣ
ǿЦһ˵ôһа֡Ūаҿ˿ǿ˵һǸ񲡣з֢һãһģ
ǿ˵ͷ˼ԵزôЦݺǾ仰ǿԳ״ܹ»Ҫؼߺš
е㲻ף֪زôģʵûףѵǿȡؼߺţҲǹһͷѵᷴԼ
ǿҶ棬һֻ˵˵ǲģҲ˺ܾá룬ؼߺţѾ塣ѵһصһжΪһ˰һͷ­ͻȻ˰»ı仯Ҿһìܡãʱ仵ĥҲĿȡҲ˵أ
ǿĻҾúе˼ʱҵزúõʣؼߺţǲôؼǲǴܹһ취


ʮ ũ
ͻȻеرĶǿ˵ʦûʲôоǿЦЦҵĸоĸоˡЦЦߵԶ㣬ˮȥô
ǿһȤģǿ̫ˡǲǻкܶũҲˡҵ˵ͷ
ǿüͷ뿪ʲôġҿЦһЩÿ춼ܽţȻ䷿󷨣ǸһҲûʡԡǸؼߺţͺ֮ҪЩҲûʲôáȥ棬һ¡
ǿЦЦ֪ˣŮˣҲǲǣҵ˵ͷǰҪһ¡ҪġþˡҪһΪûгȥֻ˵ͷ
ͻȻһӿúǷɡڳǽһѣһũֿ֣Ե㣬ǰҺʹҲȥģͦġҸϴ˸绰ҲܸˣҲܾûϢˣһʱ䡣ϿԴһ
Һǿģǿšͷһӳ˼š
ǿڸʻŲͷҡ˵ƻСʱ֯Ļ᲻ᡭ
ЦЦ˲һ㲻ģйоصģеʱͻȻһ£ͦġǿЦŲ˵
һ߿һ߲ͨũǸǵĵ绰鰲һ¡ǵũ֣Ѿϰ˵ˡũûмˣѾ׼һڵĲȡ
ҺǿһϴŵҲˡһߡ
ߣ˿ңôôͻȻѴҾ۵һ𣿡ұ˱ļ򣺡ûʲôֻͻȻǣһӵѹҲʵ̫Һǿʦſˡһ¡
ŵĿ˿ңЦҡҡͷûµģһʱĹľѾָˡǳԷԷ
Сһڴϵߣ˾Ʊ˵¬磬лл㣬ллҡ
ЦЦûʲôܴĸ潲þ㡣ѣһȡһƣҲŶ˾Ʊһȹ˱еľơ
ֶ˾Ʊ֮ǰҺǿʦһԸһͷǼһûл֮ʱǿʦĺҪǩԼܲҵʱأ
˶˳ĬЦЦȹ˱ľơǿҲ˾ƣ¾Ʊ˵ÿ˶ÿ˵Ե֣ÿ˵·ʱȻûҪ۱ˡ¬֣ҿǶˡǲġ
˶˵ͷ˵ʵ֮ҲˡһҲסֵܻġνÿ˶ġǲЩͷҿ˿ϣ˵ֻҲõġ
һ㶣Ϊʲôǰ㲻ҲܵҵģΪʲôڲˣЦЦʦ˵ֻҪԼԸ⣬û˿Ҫһ㶣ʦ˵ĻСôҡ˵ҾͰ޽ɵģҲηηβˡ
ҿ˿ϣʲôʱηηβˣϲ˼ЦЦܶʱˡҾԼһֱ˷˿־⡣һڹ¥УҾͺܺ¡ĺ¡ʦȻ˵ҾͲˡ
һײһ´ϣҲ̫ƴҿ˿˵ڿԽɩ˰ɣ
õˣ§ס˵ԣûʲôˡһˡʵó֮Ҳһһ˾Ҫ˵Ȼпܻڵġ
ǿ˵ͷţܺãܺáһ£ôҶ˺ܶණǺ¡¡Ҷͨ͸ˡܲ͸ԼѾܲףԲ͸˵͸ˡ˵ſ˿ң֮ǰҲ˵⣬ʱҲᵽ˿ࡣֻв͸ЩҲڡ
ЦЦԲҵǲֻȾơǺǣǿʦžƱǽʣǱһζֻ֪Ҫڵ£ǻһݡ
ҶЦǿЦĸˬʡƱһ
ϵĲʵǲ㡢ⶼҵԼģζϴҲǺܾûһԷˣ˺ܿҵǰĸоʱ⡣
ʱҵѴһŮ˹ҸϽվҽܣλϰ壬ֶǿЩҵѡ˴һһ˽ܣΪֶǿʹҲ硣ҿֶǿߵŮ˵λҾͲʶˣ㻹Լʹҽܰɡ
ֶǿЦЦ˵ҵãֿɶԭܸλģû뵽λôƯŮˡҵûˡ
ǴЦֿɶ˸һۣ˵˵ǿλ磬Ҹ羭ǣڼˡλɩӣһ硣˵ţǿ˵ͷ
ǿҲЦŻЦЦǿʦĻˡɶǺŮŹˡǿЦЦҲ׷Ůӣĺ»ЦЦǿʦĶ˷ġûµģǿ԰㰡ǿЦ˵ֻϲ˵ʣ֪ɶСϲ𣿡
ֿɶЦЦλ綼۸ˣһμȡЦҡǿҶڷЩϲأҲġԺ˵˵Ҳһء
һ壬ֺȵһֶǿƾȥæԼˡֿɶǣɶҲǺþÿ˶ȹˣһʱմﵽ˸߳
пΧЩѣеܿġʱЩµĵˣϺ˽ĵúܿģڵλҲûʱеţѵõķɣҲԸˡŴǿĵӣҲеǿġ˽ͷǸʱ򣬴ǽŵӣҾ֪жںˣڵһҿġ
ٿǿֿɶȻǵһμ棬̸ĺͶǶµķʣû뵽ֿɶСҲϲʱʱĻԽ䡣ףǿʦĽ׶ΣҵԼһݸ顣
ֿ˿ߵĵҲڿңɫ΢죬˵ģ·˵ǳȥ߰ɣ
˵ͷ߳ӡһƬܴˮˮıϣҹɫµˮһ΢紵ҰϡҵļͷǶ˵ظߵˡ
ͻȻϣʱ̣ͣסڣˣˮߣһ𣬲Ҫԣֻ໥һôʱ䣬Ǻ͵һֻ˵ʱٺ١ҽס֣ϴůƽֿ֡


ʮ 
һͻȻЦһͷ֪ʲôʱ򣬴Ƕվ˺棬ЦĿǡҺվе㲻˼ڸʲô
˵仰ӦǵġںȾƣڸʲôЦЦ缸ɣҺҪ͵͵ģ͵һѵһǶൣɡ
ǿٺٵЦţͷˣڲŹǡѾʱˡ˵ϻдʱ䣬ģҸҹЩ˹ˣһˡ
ҡҡͷҵллǿʦˣߡȾȥһ壬ص˷档ֿʼǵƱյ
һֱֵҹǲŸɢȥ
Ȼ˺ܶľƣȴú硣ɽĿʵǺáµúܡҺֵˮߡ峿紵˹ˮ΢΢ϵǱһζû뵽Ҳú硣ֶǿ͸ǣںߵ㡣
磬Ѿջķᡣͳǵ㣬տԼ֣æĲֺҲԵÿľˣһֱڵڣǲŻؼҡ
ǿؼҵĵһ£ǳһ档ҿŴǿεĵ˵ͷʳûû˵ˡҵһ֧̣룬ͻȻþʦүѡǧˮ˳ȥе㲻ֵãҪ֪˵ǲǸؼߺţӦøϰôڲ¶Լ£ֹأ˺ܾã뵽˴ϣֻдϲܰ¡
תһȦó˵绰ͨ˴ϵֻЦ˵ôˣշֿˣһ˵ˣԶĴѡǧˮ˳ȥе㲻ġ
ϺһɲǣҲòáҵ˵ͷԣҪ취ǵĶϲ˴Ϳ𣿡ϻûףǣʲô취ЦЦ⻹򵥣һߵģǸһרĹﷷĻˡҲϺأһ¸ۿںͽڹؿ
ЦЦ԰ÿҲǸŪһҲáˣҲڣð취Ͱ졣ҵ˵ͷغܴŬ
ǿҴ˵绰ҡҡͷָʲôΪʲôһҪЩˡҿ˿ǿ˵ⲻǺǸ֯ǸＯšȻҪ֯Ļϴ󵽵ǲǸؼߺءҲŷѾѪ
ǿ뿴ңǸʦү񲻺öԸ̫㰡ҵ˵ͷǰһȷʵܲ򵥡дȰȷʵöԸ
ǿȹһ롣߽˳
׷˳ǿʦǲʲô취ָһ¡
ǿһˢ룬һ˵취ûУʵҲܼ򵥡ֺǰ취ҪоʵǵĹϵǺ㿴ڵҪ㣬㣬һҪڼҵһȫûԸô㵱£ǵĹϵǺϵԶʦүˡ
ҵ˵ͷû뵽ǿ˵ĺе֮ǰĽӴȷʵǸӡΪ˿ӽȫû˸ԣĺһȷʵӦøĸˡ
ǿڿ⣬˵ˣġҿҲǼŻʧȥԼҪסûԼҲû˼ֵ
ҵ˵ͷֵĿ˿ǿǿʦô˵ˡ˵ĵôöǲǱʲôıˡˣûԼû˼ֵ
ǿѾϴ룬˦˦ϵˮһװɵ㶵ӣʲô˼ЦЦ᲻֪ҿһ˿ɶӰ죬˵ʵǲǶ˷ģ
ǿ΢죬Цҡҡͷǿļϵһȭװú˵ǿֻ˵ҳϿɶǸŮӣҲҲȷʵͦϲġ
Цţʲôǿƿң˵ҪԵ𡣺ٺ١ҿǿćЦЦóһֻиǿǣ㡣пɶĵ绰롣ԼŰɣҪԵҲȡһ°ɡ
ǿ룬ӹֻԼķȥˡҲееˣҲصԼķ䡣ڴͷһ󹦣˯
˯ԺʱͻȻеڽҵ֡۾˿ܣܺģҵķ䣬ʲôطƣͻȻһ¬¬
һŮ˵ҺϤȴһʱ벻ǸҰǽࡣ࣡ģȻֻһ棬ĵĻͦͶġ֮ʧˣҵǸ滹ҵһ߸ʬҲҸʦүǾ߸ʬ
ʵȥˣôʧˣҵķΪʲôһ߸ʬΪʲôԹңΪʲôҡ
˵ұһֱ㣬ļ沼ҽȥʵû취ֻˡ
ʵѾˣ̾˿ǰʵˣʮǰˡҵʱû˵ʵȻƵҲû˵ʵʱҺϣȷʵйϵǸŮҲйϵҷǵļ飬ȥǣҴǡƵžͰҸͱˡ
汾Ҳġ˵ġˡʵΪʲôԻţôꣿ
̾˿ҵʱƵͱӡȻϵ档õ档Ѫ࣬ϾҪˡʱһˣ˵ˡһš˵ֻҪǩһԼҾͿԻȥԻϣ֮ҵʱʲôû룬ΪҸţҷҪˣҪĿҵԸ⿴ϣǸˡǾǩǸԼڶѹʱҷԼʲô鶼ûСúõϵ˿ҲûСҺ֣⵽ô¡ҾͻصصԼһǸңһӺ׵ҹţ㣬ÿ
ҽӿ˵Ҳһ߸ʬֻһѡҲƷһ˻ġ
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ҲǸžҰ·ǸˮţйͷҲǸչߡԭĻǾ̾˿ʲô
˵ҰڲͶ̥תֻڡڤܿġһ㣬һͿҲлӳʹЩϹֻһǿ˰ҳ꣬Ҳ롮ڤֲʶˣˡ׷ɱ汻׷ɱ˾Ȼ㣬ôþȻûнھȻѾûȥ׷ɱˣΪЩͲ㣬˵ķǸǿôʶһֻˡ


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˵һʲôȻǲٺˡ֪ϵǸͷǹһͷ­ֻгܴܹ
һƺеԥϾңôԡ
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ҵ˵ͷ׾ͺãⲻҪһ˵飬ǹ顣ҾǰԼȻҲǺףѻ˿Ҳûа취㡣
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ҺǺ棬ͬ˼һľʵ·ƣ·ߵǽϣдĸ֡ˮͬ
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УҼӿ˽Ų߽˺ͬ档
ͻȻͬڵеһŴˣһŴֲ·Ӹߴ˳ǸһľګȴסһƤСñһ㶣ǸȴûһֱҾеҡ
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ƶѾˣſڵϲƷˣһŻƶˡ
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ƶŰֽǩ֣Լɵ˹ͷıϡͷСͻȻһɣ˻ƶƶһ˵ϡ


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ʱ洫ߵ棬վʦүǸĪЦݣҴţʦү˿˵¬æ𣿡


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װһʧӣȴ޴ϣСӵĶ죬ôͿ˶Աᡣɽ𻢣ʦүҲˡҶʦү˵Ϣôͨ˰ʦүЦЦ˴ˣ˴ˡ㲻ҲиŮ𣿡
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ʦүҵļ򣺡ûµģôԵÿôŮϲһûµġҺٺٵЦЦȴЩģ֪Լǲǹأ
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ҺǿĸܣʦүҲˡǵ˵ͷʦү˵һ硯硯ǶŶ
Һǿ˵ͷʦү˵Щɻ˶һǱˡȻǺܶණǲסӲб뷨˵ȥ
акʵ硯㡭ʦүЦҡҡͷȻңǸȣĽģĽĽͷҲҪĶԷ˵ʵϴεҸоܶԲǡҲûа취һȺǣϰء֪Ҳϰ壬Ҳһ򹤵ģԡ
ҡҡͷѴҲ֪ڴȵ飬Ҳƽˡ֪ϰǲһˣ
ʦүı΢΢Щ㵣ô֪ЦЦҲǼûϰӡǮǮϰ֮ǰҲ˵ġ
ʦү˵ͷȻ֪ˣҲˡǵϰȷʵǸˣͶǵľˡʬ͹Ŷо⡣ҽӿʵǲǻɱ⡣
ʦү˵ͷԣר˸һ㲻ܡϴεѺǴкˡǲڶˡǸҲˡһжᡣҪҿǰҪɱ˳ѵġ
ҹЦˣǸ˲һҪɱɱ黹ǲĺáһԼ취
ʦүЦŵ˵ͷˡʵҽǹҲչʾһҵĳ⡣¬֮ǰ飬㲻ҪƽϡԺǾǺ顣
ҵ˵ͷû⣬һʼҲ׼ǾϺġʦү˵оǣںҪϴҵָʬж٣Ҫ١Ǯ棬Ͱϴε
룬ҪָʬһҪ˵ʵ治ȥҾԼĻ򻹲ϴʧȥ㱱ɺЩͽܡһֱڻֱ졣˵㱱ǻǻ棬вŸоһ㣬Ǹʹ˵㱱ҲòҵŷˡҾڲǵʱ
ҾкܿҪȥΪҪԸչߡҲǸûᡣ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ҫʬ壬ǮҲãҰȥңҲ֤ǲǿҵõΪʲôҪôֶѵҲҪ
ʦүЦҡҡͷҲ֪ϰ˵ҪǾҪŪϣҲİɡ
ҵ˵ͷģһᾡĵġ
ʦүɳͻ˼ҡǿʵΪʲôҪӦǲҲȥҡҡͷҾԲȥڲȥΪʱǰﱻˡڵĹﲻν
ǿ˿ң̾˿ʵĺȥ￴˵ҲԡûбҪνΪʲôӦ
˵ʵҲûʲôֻǾҪȥԸĹͷӦ棬ýʱԳȥ顣ڸʬ飬νˡ
ǿ˵ͷҲãǲӦóԷˡҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿˡҵ˵ͷ
Ǹ߳ȥҵֻҺϵֻҸϽ绰洫е
˵ڼң׼ǿȥԷ
˵ܵҽԺһ𣿡
һôˣʲô£
˵ɣ˵


ʮ ȥ
ҽԺֲõԤУֲ֪˭飬ԲǴϣֻ˭أҶǿ˵ҪȥҽԺһˣԼԷɣ˷׼㶫ҲҪԶСǿ˿ңеңòȥ
ҡҡͷˣʲôµġˣԼСġ
ǿ˵ͷһţ˳һ·ֱҽԺҽԺͣó滹㷲ġ³ҽԺȥվ¥ſڣ˹Ͻӭһסҡ
ҿŵ԰׵ʵôˣװģʲô飿ҴҴ¥ȥһһ˵Ұְְֿ֣¡˵ˣ˳һֱ֪ĸ岻̫ãû뵽һô͵ˣ֪ҾӦȥ˼ҡ
ҽرסοޣޡôˣ˲۾˵ܲãúõģ֪ΪʲôϾͲˣICU˵㡣
Ǽӿ˽ŲICU͸Ĵҿŵˣ˴֣ɫҰף쳣ݣȧǸ߸ߵģֻ۾΢ա
˻Դˮһ˵ȥɡ߽ȥ˵ߣվҵĺţְְ֣֣
۾ǿ˿ֿ˿ҡ˵ְ֣¬˿˿ң¶һ˿ɣҸеһֻݱץסҡҲסֻ֡
һֻ֣ժ֡ЦЦãҲЦЦã´һ˵¬Сӡããáһ˵ãȴ֪ôش
ҵּ˼˵ңˡʵ͸ˡҲҵŮһֱţҲˡչҵŮҷˣҿóǸСӣõġ
һ˵ô໰˶٣˼ڴһ֣ץס˵֡˿ͻȻϳɣҵȴȥ֪ǻعⷵգҲһɡ˵ϧܿǽ飬Ѿˡ¬⺢Сӣʱֵģһ
ҵ˵ͷģһ籦ʱѾ档Σε䵽˸ŵıϡ˵˵ͷеҲʧˣǴЦ⣬ı۾һҿԿ˵ɳ壬Ϸȥ֮¼ûĳ
ſ˵ϣĳšҵҲƮڰյ˵꣬ЦЦ˵ͷ˵ƮԶˡҿˣȻֻǵһμ棬ĪиСȥҵҲܣ֪ܡ
ûȰֻ§˵ʬ塣סңڿ޳ʱһ̫̫˹ľȻĿŴϵˣ˲ͬɿݵ֣˵ĦţͷӣˣϢϢɣϢˣҸŮء
֪̫̫һĸס뿪ҵĻסĸף裡ְˡ̫̫ȴûпޣ˵û£ְֻˣϢϢͺˡؼҰɣְ˵ҪԽӣҪؼҸְְӰɡ
Ѿ˵ĸ׿˿ңСӣȥɣ￴ͷӡúչɣ
Ҫ˵ر˱˲ң˵ְһɡֿҵĻ
ظͷСİοˣǴڵķʽȥһֿʼְߵúܰ꣬뿪ʱ򣬶ܸ˵ģҲҪٿˡ
̧ͷң԰ᷨģҰϰһ𣿡ҡҡͷ˼ӦΪͶ̥ģҾǽֻǹ»ҰĻ𣿡
˿ңҡҡͷˣؼϢһ£ߵ齻Ұɡ룬˵ͷ
ǷϴŰȰ˼ҡҽԺһжæˣҲŻصѾˡûлؼңֱȥĸѾ˯ˣҺ档ңұʱ˯ˡ
һ׵ӣҲġͻȻ̣ڶµʱҲߵģʱǲҲԲ͸أǿ˵Ķԣ͸ҲһСҿҪһЩ顣
ͻȻ𣬿쵱ʱ˵һЩһЩڵֵĻʱҲ⣬ҲеǲˣһЩʧȥ֮顣룬ЩһǵõʱƺŶҵĵġΪʲôᵣأѵҲܿؿڣֻ߻ʲô鷢
ҿſһеüͷ΢΢һ𣬽ëϻ顣ƺлڸź͸׵ķ롣еۡ
ҹʱǿҴһ绰Ұߵ˵ˡǿû˵ʲôֻ˵ڰ˳㡣
绰˿ң˵Ϲ㻹ûԷȥԵ㶫ɣҿ˿˵ҲãҲûԣϿģһȥɡ
Եú٣ֻĬĬؿҡʵҲǺܶ˼ҲˡҶ˵ʵҲûо׵뿪Լ֪ʲôʱߣ뵽ʱҺһɡȻǵһμְ֣ҾҵˣоС
˿ңʵְֵһֱãҲ֪һ죬ֻһֱӱܣһˡڻҪԵġ˵ЦЦְҲ뿴ӡְһֱһɣһ뿴ӡҲԸϰְûˣӦְֺúչ𡣡
ҿӣ˵ͷͺˡҲԽǿʦ㽲ҡҡͷķʲʺңɶɡҪֻ㣬İοʲôá
ץ֣˵ģҴӦְֵģһչ㡣һӶչġҵ˵ͷţ֪չҵġһôʱ䣬᲻ڵӰ죿
ҡҡͷûˣѾ֪ǵ飬ĻˡӦòµġչأԺ롣ˣҽдæټڸá
ҡҡͷˣְǰͽϲ˵ڵǲҪڵĺãǹʽͿˡ


ʮһ Ȫˮ
Թ˷Һ͵صҡһҲŻصСǿû˯ȣɳҿ˿ǿһۣͻȻȺһЩҼǵ˵ȾУô˵Сˡ
ǿ۾˿ҡβʵôҡҡͷûʲôɣеᣬԳܡǿʵô˵ʼЩģҲͨˣĸһֱ嶼ãҲ׼ںöˣһˡ
ǿ˵ͷͦãҲͨ͸ˡܺáȹߣҰ˼ҳһ¡ҵ˵ͷллˡǿ˵ҽ׼һЩŵˡʱԳҵ˵ͷôҲҪ˼ҵĺ°ߡǿ˵ͷָָǿеȣ˵Ⱥˣ
ǿҲ˿ȣЦЦҸղҲˣΪԼˡû뵽ġĳˣ
ҵ˵ͷǿʦˣȻ᳤ȥϢˣɡ
ļһֱæ顣ǿԼڼһͬҲ֪ˣæҾͲЩ飬ֻǸŵ衣ѾָˣΪ׵ѹˡƺͲΪϰ뿪ˣÿһͿĵġҵĴƺûйʲô飬һʶңҺСһֱ֣Ҳ벻ȻҲ֪ô£Ҳ˿ǡ˹ֻ֢Щմ˰ɡҽȥͦãһҲģѹҲԣǺܺ
׷ᣬûϢֱϰˡҲᵽ˼СҸյһ֧̣ϸ˳һ㶣⼸ûмǣˡҸҪ˵ϸ˵й㡣
˵ǲһŮսģϸ˵԰ҸϽ׷ʵ˵ʲôϸ˵ֻ˵һطĵַҲû˵ʲôʵʲôַϸ˵ǸطȪˮ塯˵ǡȪˮ塯Ĵͷĺɫӡ
ҵ˵ͷʵû˵ģϸҡҡͷûУֻ˵Ӻܴæʲô׷һ˵ͷˡ
üͷҪ˵ϸ˵ҵȻҲлɣҽнȥˡϴҲͬɣҵ˵ͷЦЦ㵹ǾϸҲôġϸ˵ҾͲˣһԼ㱨档ҵ˵ͷϸʧˡ
ҸϽ˵ԣϸĲ鿴ŴϸҵŵͼȻڡˮϵһߣҲǺԵһ߹ȻһȪˮ塱ҸϽط϶طܡ˵һȪۣ峺ȪܴۡġǸȪжˮðȪˮʱðǰɫˮʱðǺɫˮҲһۣѾкܶĿСصĴҲȪ߸ζȼٴ塣Ȼ˵ַôǸ̫Ӧþ
ʱǿ˽һź˵׷ˣҵ˵ͷţˡܺáҲܺãǺҪˡǿһ˾񣺡ȥ
ָָԵĻǿ߹ŵԵĻ˵Ȫˮ塣˭˵ǸţҲǸչߡҪȥץǿЦЦð⼸ûеˡҿǿӣʵôһΨ²ҵӣǿЦЦҲҲҸģȥ˲Ϊʲôʱߣ
˵ʱпܣҪȽĻ㱨ǿ˵ͷźҵĶ档
绰ʹϴ˵绰Ҫš֪Ҫʲôе㵣ģһֱҪСġ
ҷµ绰˿ǿǿʦ㲻绰𣿡ûûεĳźǿһۡظ˵һ顣ǿһںϵı࣬૵˵ǰǲӦô绰أǣҲһ¡ҿѵǿЦЦϲһˣҲǺ°ɡָоеܰɣ
ǿ˵ͷǰǰûĸоһˣвҺ˵˵ͳ˵绰˵ҵڻǲҴ绰ҵȴԽԽҡҡͷǲӦöԼһأȻܷģҲ˼Ҳϲ㣬Ͳ÷ˣֻ߿ɶҲϲ㣬͸÷ˡ
ǿ˿ңĻҲ˼鷳
һ㶣ʲô˼ǿЦЦ֪ˡǿĻ䣬
ҿ˿ǿһһ֪˭վߵ档ȴϹվ档
ҺܸˣҪҲ绰û뵽ȻˡҸϽϹӭ˽ʵôˣ
ϹƤһЦôҲҲҵļҰ
ЦЦҲ˼Ϊæ𣿡ϹһϵҲҪģѾ˹ҲˡԾ㡣
ҰϹýӣǿϹ˸кͻصԼķ䡣
ҶϹ˵㲻Ҳ׼绰ġŶʲô£Ϲʵ˵ҪţҵһչߡҺǿ׼ȥץ
Ϲ۾ҪȥҲȥɣһʲôЦɲȥҪȥô졣ǰһˣôһ˾ġ
ϹЦˣЦģȥġ֪ȥҲﲻʲôæ˵Ϲе㵣ϰ塣ҪСİ
ЦЦûµģİɡϹ˵ͷġҷġ֪ϰġϣ
ҵ˵ͷϹʵˣ㲻Ҫ𣿡˵һšҲǰ㻵ǲǿԲǶ̫̫ǱôˣûΪ㡣
ϹҡҡͷҲ֪Ǳߺƽ˾ġȻŪЩǮָҵңʼʵǲеģµŶҲʦǣģûиᡣҾҲΪˡ
ҿһŵϹ˵ͷǺܺã˺ܺáҪסҪϹܷһͷһɡ׷üˣҧ˵ġ
Ϲ˿ңЦŵ˵ͷ֪ˣϰ壡
ϹһˣȻҿеᣬû˵̫ࡣҿϹԶıӰǿһе˼ǲǾͺ鷳أ


ʮ ľ
һعͷ˿ǿ˵ʲôֻǺѰˡ˵ǿҡҡͷҲô˼ҲһôɣҺ˵һθ鶼鷳ο¾͸鷳˰ɣ
ҿ˿ǿôûáǿЦЦ˵ģҿԸܵǰĽţ˷ܡٵ˵Ҫʱĵģֱ˵ᡣҪ˵ûϲ㣬ǲܵġ
ҿǿ֪ĸоǲġʵҲһоÿҵʱ򣬶ܿġΪͻȻı˻ԱȽϼįҾͺ񿴵ˣԿġû뵽ĶҶġҰ־һۣ˵롣֮֮ѡûбġ
ǿҲһۣˡҿ˿ǿԼܺãҪҪҰɶ绰ǿϽģúãˡǵʲôʱߣת߽˰칫ҵĴϣһ֧̣˵ٿ㹦򡣡
ϸĿһͼ˿ԡȪˮ塱ĽܡʱҵǰһΣǰһľšϽʵôˣ˵ˡǸŮ˼׷üͷ˼׷ô۳ӡֲ㱻׷˵Ȼ׷ˣǸŮڤ׷ϰұһ¡ڤֹ׷ҡˡ
֪ܹģЩڤӦץȻڤӲﵷҡֻǡͷѾŵˡû뵽ڤȻץࡣʵǽûбץ
ҡҡͷڤңһ͹׷ңһ׷ǸŮڵû׷ϣҾͲ֪ˡ
ǿҡҡͷЩڤġǸŮܲûнܵĹһץסˣ¾׶༪ˡ㲻ãɢġ
̾˿Ҳû취Ǹﲻ֪ܵȻȥ
ǿ˵᲻ǣȪˮ壿
ؽеǻʲôߡߡǿҲվȥҽˡͷһ˳ⱼȥ
һ߿ųһ߸绰Ѿ˵ôôһ°ȥ㡣С˵е㼱£ڳİɡҲ£ٴ绰ϵ˼䣬Ҳŷµ绰
ʱѾ˳ǣ˸ٹ·ǿӳһڴóһóһͷӸˡͷ˵ȳԣһҿٳԡ
ҵ˵ͷ˿ϵGPSﵽȪˮ󲿷Ǹٹ·нһǧӦÿԵֻǻһ㡣
ڸ߹·ϿǺĵġǿҡǿԵſҲôۡһֱϰ˵࣬ǲ˸ٹ·Ȫˮ壬ֻаʮ๫ˡ
Ĺ·ûʲôܵĴܸߴҹĻµĴһצ֡һǿҵѹȸСǿŴ۾ҹĻҶǿ˵ôˣʲô֣
ǿ˵㿴ôûʲôأǿôһ˵Ҳ֣ǰʱ䲻̫Ӧûг
һСʱңǰһƬȺЩС¥ܶ¥ſڶӣȻдʲô֪Щһּͥʽùݵơֵǣŵơֻнֵżյҡҷ·ƣŻƵĹ⡣Һǿһۡǿ˵ﲻǡô
ҡҡͷе㲻ԾҲ֪ô¡ҵĵطաҶϰˡȥ˵ɡ
˵ǵĳѾ˴ӡڴ˵ǱȽϺˡ·ҲǿܵӵġЩҲ˲ٵǮҰѳͣ·һܴùݡ˳˵ѾյĴšóʱ䣬˰Ŵһ죬ǡʵ˭
Ƕе֣ǿ˵ﲻġ˴ţһˣµĿ˿ǣֿ˿ĳӲ˵صİɣҵ˵ͷʵʲô£ôô壿
Ǹ̾˿˵ǽҪסˡȽ˵ɡ˵ţ˴šϳѳӿԺӡ
ڼͥùݵĿУǸҽܣҽȪˮĴ峤ҵ˵ͷóһ֧̣ݸ˵磬ﵽ׳ʲô顣ûοأ
̾˿ˣ֪ǰһӣɱҵ˵ͷ˵һˣһ˿ţһ˿Դһ˷ʬÿ°
ףǡǴ̡չ˵ꡣڷûʲô̫ȵı顣ΪҲš˵ģܵ顣ԺһֱûưĻ̵̻ģ˵ԩ˵б۵ġ˵һĹĹһŴĴ󽫾￪ΣĹĹꡣǸĹȳˡд˵ǿһųûͷļһڴƮƮȥġҶŻˡԴҶˡҲûʣ¶ˡ
üͷ֡˵ģǸľǹ󡣿һôῴأҪ˿СΪʲôҪ˿أʲô
ǿ˵磬滹ʣʲôˣҡҡͷʣˡһңд嶫ͷңˡоڴβǸȪ۵ĵطиšֻһˣҲûߡ
ˣǸչߣӦǸʲôšǿʵ磬ôûأ˵Ҵ֮ҲһЦ˵Ҳǹ쵼ˣô뿪أ
ЦЦ㲻𣿡ٺٵЦЦ˵ʵе¡Ҫǲ֪ʲôԭ룬ʲô˻ôĺɱ˾ɱˣҪô໨һ̬ġ
ЦЦĲԩҡҡͷҲҲ¡ûߵģҲΪûʲôݣžǸ̫ţҲûеطߡˣǲ𣿡
ҿ˿ǿҡҡͷ㶼£ʲôµġֲġҼȻˣ湻˲ߵġ
ЦЦǵǴӣðȻǲ£ҾͽӴǡǻûԷɣ
ǿ˵ͷ԰ûءЦ˵ǵһᣬɩӸȥ
ǿЦ˵ð㰡


ʮ Ȫ
ʱˡкǳԷڵũҲˣǿͶˣ룬һơˡͷЦЦĹҵ˵ͷ˵ȥʱСĵ㡣Ұܶ࣬ŪûԿġĹ˵ţϵļͷӸˡͷ
ҸϽȥϵļͷŵˡͷǰҶ˵Ǻǣ磬Щġء
һ㶣ĹȤЦЦ
ǳԹ˶ǽ˷䡣˵Ǿסˡɡ
ҿ˿˵лл硣ЦЦãСʲôҡϢɡ
˳ȥҸҪ˵ǿҰ˰ָָ֣һơһüͷҲչˡͨȻܵſſڣ͵͵Ƿ
˵˸ǣ˯ɣ˵Ź˵ơ
ſſһ󣬲뿪ˡǿ˵ô£ôġȻ͵˵Ҳ롣ôİӣ˶ˡȻΡȻеɡҲһ֮еǲˡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵Ҳԡеɣɱ£ҲԩꡣǺֵûɡи⡣
ʵʲô⣿ǿ˵ղҿӪҵִ֤ҲǸˡ¡һ˼Σգ
ǿ˵ͷţ룬ѵáˣѵչ߻Ź̾˿ǿҪСˣǼһǰ֡
ǿ˵˵ǸžӦҪҵŰɣ룬˵ղһ˵Ҳõģ־ɣ룬ôʱ䣬ΪʲôڲŶ֣
ǿ˵ɲ˵Ҳûáȥ֪ˡԼ֣Ҫȷˣһ
˵ͷҲãҼǸšȥһ֪˵ţ˿׼ȥʱǰһΣҵǰ
ҿŽôˣ˵ǸšڤġȪ۱ϵһ档ǸŮҲڡҾ֪ͨˡ
׷ʵǲиţ˵ͷԣԡȷʵһҿ˿ǿ˵߰ɣҪһȥˡһ˿ɶԸôࡣ
ǿ˵ͷǴšͷŵĳ˷䡣ԺһƬڣǱߵķҲϨ˵ơҺǿ˿ұͷԺӡ䵽˺ССһ·ɱһֱܳӡȻһҲûпӣ˴·˵Ǽ䷿ӣ·ľͷȪ۾ıϡ
Ŵ·һֱܵͷȻһϷӡ
ǷӿЩˡǺܱ¡ŶԺģ澲ĵģûһҲûһԺӣԺӵĴŽաűϣҺǿϸĸԺ˺ص֮⣬ûʲô
ҵ˵԰ôһ㶯ûУǸܲЩڤҲӦøܵǸš
ǿ˵ҲǰǸûһ˿һط񲻾ͺһҾһ
˵ͷҲԡǲҪȥأ
˵ҽȥô˵
ҵ˵ͷýȥ̽һ¡ʧˡǽ棬һ󣬿ǣȴʼûٳǵһʼûпó죬˻Ǹ죬ٻġ
ǽȴûٳ֡ͻȻе㲻Ծˡǿ˵ʲôоǿҲüͷ˵е㲻ԾȷʵйŹ֡Դȥɡ
ǿĻû䣬ͷͻȻֵĺܼĴŴҸҪʡͷǡͷѾ˳ȥͷ͵ײȥһűӲײˡͷԺ
ǿ˵زоˣǸϽȥɡҲ֪ʲôáͷôҲϽǿһҲԺӡ
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ܿ˿ԺӵĽһι״צġǿ˵ǿûצԺֶ
ҺǿҲӣǡͷҲ֪ȥˡǿʵɣҲܵġͷ֪ԡͷĹһûоͱɵġ
Ҷǿ˵Ӧòʲô¡Ҫ״˵ܿ˿ͻȻӵĶϽǵһϸĿ˿ӦһˡʱǿҲǸˣ˵ʲô
˹ȥϸĿ˿һһˣǸţ̫ˣҿǸŵŵ֪ǲǸš
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Ҷǿ˵һ߸ʬǲǰǸҾͲ֪ˡǿûü˵洫һ̫ˣϷӶŻζǿ˵ҵ죬ʲô
ǿһȥһ˵ǡͷĽһϵˡǿЦЦɲǷŵġʨӺ𡯡Ǵӣ˺ԺǺԺҲûжȴûСͷӰӡҺǿһ㶡ǿ˵ô£ôʲôûСҲоͷ
ҲƣĴĿ˿ͻȻ֣ڷӵĺǽһܴĻһɽˮԶɽˮС֡⾳
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ֻС⾳ȫ£ɽˮУһֻ״СԵúͻأҶǿ˵֣ôһֻ͡ͷһС
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ҲĿ˿ǿû˼ǿȴһаյӡ


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ֿ˿Ƿǿ˵˵ͷ棿ǿ˵ͷȻôطҵ˵ͷòǿ˵ĶԡҶǿ˵˵ͷȥˡôȥأǿҡҡͷҪ롣
˵ɣǸʬֵġǿ˵ͷֻص档ڹŸʬıϣһţƿǵţһҡĳ輫򵥣ֻһŴһӣһӡҷִǱһ裬һɫֲе֣ҶƬһˮΡԼĿ˿ֲԿ϶һ㣬ֲҾԲʶ
ó񣬺ȻҡΪǿ˻Դûлͷ˵֡ڿһ˻Ƶ˵ϲҵĻ𣿡һûлͷ֪ľԲǿͷҲûУһСβȥȴûߵһտաҲ˳תҵûˡҸղ˵
ƣ洫͵̧ͷһӰҲ֪ʲôһܣŴϡǸӰҲ֮ſǸӰȻǸղŵǸʬҵһΣһСְԡǸʬİǾ߸ʬȥ
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תһ軨˵㵽˭ʬվҵĶ棬Ѻڶѿҡɱһһ˵ҵĻҡ֪˭ˣҿ˿ĻѻݸǾ߸ʬʬһƬҶ˸ɱ档˼¡ȥ
ҵǰһΣֻǰĸʬһӹһŵӣʶģǴ·Ǹˮšһ˵㣿ŶЦЦϵƾһ𣺡԰Сӡô
ʵĹͷأ˵ˡ֪ʲôʱ˵ֻӡ͵˯ҿЦһ˯˰ͷȥأ˵ǰ˼˵ˡһ꣬ڤҲǣֻ˯ˡ
׷ʵǸ͡ڤȥָָ˵ں棬зǾڻ档ʵôȥ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ϣǿץǸͷʵܲˣԸȥҰɣҵһμʱ;ңԲź˵ôࡣһôʱ䣬ѹôʱ䣬Ĳˡûа취ŪԼץ˹ͷҾͿԽǵѾ쵽Ѿˡ
˵İɣһ˯ȥɣﷴá
˵ҪСġЩһǸͷǧҪŹ
ҵ˵ͷص˺Ժǿһˣ˵㿴Ƿȥı治֪ΪʲôѾúˮһʵô£
ǿ˵ҷ˵㹦ӣԽȥˡһԴǻʲô˵Ƿȥֻǰһڣž۾Լվһɽ±ϡǰϵĽˮĽСʱǿҲˣվҵߣĵ˵ĿԽƯ
˵ˣҡͷɡʱɽϴͷҺܿġٿԿ϶ͷûʲô¡
һǿչˡiɽȥɽܶʹϡiҲ۵ǿҲòȥԹÿǺÿҲ̫ˡӦûƽһ㣬ͺˡ
˺ôŵɽɽһƬյءԿĹˮͷɽϣų޵ġڤеһڤһСҡ滹ŷ䡣
ͷǣһһڤǸڤ͡ͷֱӽӴһеĳޣ޺һߣȻӺ򡰲ͷƨϮȥ
ͷƺں棬ֹͣ˽ת㿪˹ԼıͷһڤĳʱҲӵˡȡĻǡͷĺ档ͷ֮ٴתֶ㿪˱ͷڤٴӱޣѡͷСͷָ򡰲ͷƨɡͷĹһ裬ֻƣڶܡ
ǿ˵һܹѵֺϻƨƺǡͷŰ˵оˣæɡЩڤԸ껹УǵĹƶǲáǿȥæɡ
Һǿ˹ȥǿóȣеһڤȥֱһڤеġҫʡǸڤȥǸڤϽޣҾı޳ҵıʶ̡֮ǰڡ塱ʱ򣬺͡ڤǵı޶ҸûáҲ¡ܣӭų޶ϡ
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Һǲ죬ǰʲô鶼ûУΪʲôھȻԴңҸϽĽеǿʦСġǵĹЧǿûǰľȻıųޡеܲ͸磬ǸڤС
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ڤһҽС˵ϡͷ˴ȣ˹ȥһ޴ӱϷ˹һӲס˵ġڤһӷˡͷĽɵɽ档


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ǿҵ˵ȥ׷ǡҡҡͷôȥкôȥɡ
ǿܵ±ϣ濴ȥյģֻԶĽˮде֡ǿһ˻
ͷſšڤȡ
̱˵ϣǰ˿ڣѾˣǺʹǿ˿ҵ˿ڣʵû°ɣҡҡͷƤˣ֮֡ǰڡ塯ʱġڤʱҲñӳңǱӸʹ򲻵ҵϡΪʲôȴˣ
ǿ˿Χ˵Ψһһľǻ⡣һµ˵ͷˣһУʱ档ѵʲô⣿ǿЦЦȻ⣬ǽУ⡣ǵһ档еǵԪ񡣡
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ǿȴҡҡͷºѡ˵ҵָָһͷһгֺܶġڤмʮһųޡĿǡ
ҺǿվЩڤҲ䵽¶γһεİΧȦΧסǡʱġͷѾԹڤĴȡδ촽˿ΧסǵġڤƺЩһﶼʳ
Һǿһۣǿ˵ӷ𣬿ز׹֪滹һͷɣǲսɡҵ˵ͷ˻ӡҫʡǰȥǿ͸˺档
ЩڤİΧȦҲ֮ˡȻ䣬еġڤһ֣еĳһǳ˹ʮһ˹ſ񱩵磬εۡǿһеȡҵǰ档дʡҪ㿪ȴоЩûˡǼʮ޴ڰСһֵ˻ȥҿǿһۣǿеҵĽ绹аɡһҲصġ
Ҳҵڴץһѵķ䡣컨ַ˳ȥЩڤĳ޸ձ˻ȥ㵼䣬ҵķѾɵһڰЩڤҵķ䣬׷ײҽźˡֻǸͷҧȵ˵
ǿ߽һǿ̻⣬ǰȥһ֣ǸȳȵġڤץȥǸȳȵҲңżԽԽ첻ˣһ˵ϣһץסǸڤĺ죬һ˦ֱ˦ˡͷǰ档
ͷһȥһҧסǸڤĺɣȻİѡڤԴҧЩ˺ġڤһͷڴڵĳǸڤ
ġڤǿͬһֳȻڣǷҡеġڤһ±šǰһһ֣߰Ĵ˳ֱǵšһšڤ˳ޣͳ˸ͷ
ǿ趯ȣ˴ܹĳޡҲЩ޲סˡǿץסȺЩų޵ġڤǿȷ⣬ǡڤڶ࣬һʱֵ߽һҸϽͳ䣬ҪȥЩŸӵġڤҵĶһ㡣еĸѾֶǷ˹
ҿɲ硣ֻͦǿǰ棬ʹаʽеġһһʱ䣬ӰԸӰɹĸӱһһЩȻ˵ϣȴԼɻص˵СЩڤûԼĸӣǷûа취ֻʩһɷɹĸӡ
ǿеˣҪֲסˡЩһ̫ˡҲ˵ҲˡкǺķѹȥҲˡǿһЩڤ͵ĺȳ١ߡԡСǰУһ죬Ŀһӱˡһɾ޴񱩵ӿЩڤ
Щڤȫɫץų޵ץס۾ЩŸͷģҪͱסǰų޵ģûбסģȻ˳ȥķɵ˺档
һ㶣û뵽ǿһ֣ĺҴؽеǿһǾ군ˡǿһۣûˡҪץסˡҲܷ֣ȾҵСˡͷأڸʲô
һͷ˿ͷһﾹȻڳǸڤѾӽβǸڤֻʣЩˡҴĽеͷæһٳ԰ɡǱߡڤеǣ㼱ʲôͷ̧ͷ˿ǣԵøˡֱҡͷˡǲǺ͡ǿһʱ䳤ˣȻǿһëô̰ԣˣ
ʱǿղŵĹȥˡЩڤֻˣеĸϮٴʹһǾȻһ㡣һѸӷ˹ȥֱǿȥˡҷֵʱѾˡҸϽеǿһֻӷɹȥˡѾˣƸѾǿǰǿרĵץȣûע⡣һˣ⸫ǿϣǿڡ
ʱҵţһֱƬצͻȻ˹һӰǰѸ߷ˣɳȥĸӣһӿһڤϣǸڤһҽУغˡ
һͷһһɫǵĺ档ǿҲ˾ʲô˷ܵشУǡͷӡţɣ
ͷһֽУţ𡣳ˡڤ֮СЩڤǣɢɢͷͷһΣɣšڤĵط׷˹ȥ
Щȵĳһˣǿ˵ϡŴҲһûѹеһۡ


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ҡҡͷ˵һˣθڸˡһеˡǿ۾Ϣ˵һҪǿ군ˣΪʲôôòŹæ
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ǿһʲôȴ۶ͷ֮䣬Ȼһͷͼ˵ҲչߡǸͷϡҪˮսˡ
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ʹһŤ塣һӰ˦˳ȥײ˽ףץס˽׵һʯͷ˴ʯͷĺ档
ǹһ۷ˣҿҪܵҪ˺
ʱҵӳǿ


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ͷ˳ǣĹЦҺһ㻹Ц㣬ܲˡǹͷֹͣЦɭɭ˵ߣҲɷѿĵĲ֡ˡڤκβǡ
ǿЦ˵ϻɡ˵ŻӶͷȥͷڵһ㿪ˡֿһţҧ˹˺һһеġҫʡӭͷȥͷ򲻱䣬΢΢ͷҵġҫʡҧ
ҳءҫʡһǡ߶ɹĹͷȥʱǿҲ˹ӺͷͷһϷȥ㿪ĽͷһţͷҧȥǡͷɵĶ㿪ˡͷ˺ҧɵԶ
һüͷϴǸͷΡûСС󣬸ûа취סͷˡ뵽ҸϽͳ족ӭһΣҪٻСסͷ
ûСûг֡к죬Сһ֮ôˡ
ʱǿ߷ɳ۶ԶĹͷȥҵĶ𣺡ǷҲСһ
һͷҲʩչiȥûСֻԼ취˵ˣǹͷˣƫƫԶɽһߣǷЦüͷͷȻʱ䣬ʲôôѵоȱֻٶ೤ʱڳԶ
áͨǿ˵ͷʱ䣬һбıҪսپǿһһﻬúܡץ˵ûСֻԼ취һ԰һ취ǿ˵ͷ
Ǽٵ׷ŹͷܡȴɽмܳһԵװеķλ͵͵Ĳϡ족һ꣬ͳҫʡа֮лһġзһ⣬Ҹ˵áͨǿ˵ˣƹ
ǿҲ˵˵ңͷ󡣿죡ҺٺһЦͦѺϵģҸϽʩչiȥǿұȥҶšͷʹ˸񡣡ͷȻ˵ǺܴġҲҲ󣬴Ӻݺݵ׷˹
ͷһΧȥڵ˼£û赲Ǹȱڵ˳һͷмƣаԸˡͻȻͷ˻ǿķȥͷһɣָǿȥ
ǿӶȵס⣬һ졣ǿеðһ̣屻ײõȥǹǿΪж־͵ش˼ͦס塣ǹͷƲˣǿҧȥ
ԭҪȦˣͻȻ˱ʡһ˦֣йáҫʡ͵쳤ָͷȥġͷҲǰצͷȥͷ͵ػͷ⣬ֱ򡰲ͷȥͷ̫ˡͷĲ档ͷһҽУˤڵء
һһʧ׼ͷûвסͷȥͷ¹ͷܡ֮ʣǿˡͷߡһǿȥˣҸϽһ֣ͷȥ
û뵽ǹͷһҧסҵġҫʡҰѡҫʡһͷҵġҫʡҲġ󡱷ȥ
аʹֻҪѹͷ˦УǾа취ˡû뵽ɵһ룬ͷۿҪ䵽УͷȻڰתѡҫʡԼϡҵķ˹
ҸϽٴζ֣ѹͷ˦ȥǹͷֻ۾ַ⣬˹


ʮ ɽͷ£
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ҸϽһ֣еġҫʡüӲֱһ¼ʩչiһĳ˹ͷ
ͷĶ죬Ѿһˣͷߡſ񡰲ͷҧȥѾȫˣǱȹͷһҼĴУͷͷСġ
ǡͷһǿҲͷһҧ򡰲ͷȡаУˣ
ۿšͷȾҪͷҧСļ٣ȴͷ΢΢һö˹ͷһҧšͷһһʱ䲻֪ô£֪ͷǲǹ㿪ģֻżȻ䶯һ¡
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һϽǰͻȻһžһɷιҶֻһһӰ͹ͷײһ̧ͷһڹͷϵǿȡžͿǿЦϵ
ͷǿȴĹ˳ȥһֱҲСʱھ߶һʱ䣬ľˮɵ˰Уϵر任λáһֱתĿģֱһɾ硣ǸͷѹС
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ĹͷɱףͣĿšҪײҲǿߣҵĹע뵽ҵСҵǿսĽ磬һҪĹͷѹ顣ǹͷɲֻͣ۾ϵð⣬һֱһλá֮ҺǿеѹܴҪþеĹǿѹסǸͷǶֶ֪ܼá
ʱҵгǿǿۺ˵ˣаСҪӹĹˣ֮Ҫˡ
ʵҪôӣǿ˵Ǿҵġԡ֮ǰùһΣġֻҲʹĹ
ȷʵʱǿûгӡ١ߡԡСǰСǾԡԭǵҵĹصڽɣݻ˴ӡĹǿӡڵӡԡǿıǿô˵֪СƴˡҸԷԡǹͷҪҵˡ
ҸϽо񣬼ǿҵȴǿصģһһٵ١ߡԡСǰУֻеǿĽ͵ͷѹȥ
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ҺǿһҲȷǹͷ˵ǲġģǿ鷳ˡסͷѾǲסҪѡǿһ֮󣬲˵ѹǹͷҲ˵ֻصĽš
ǿ˼ʱ棬йƴһҲáҲϽе˼רĵ˶ֻסͷҪȥеΪͷȻ˵ȴһֱصĹЦʾֵס
ʱҸеиڶһֱҵ߽ž͸еǸſ˴죬Ŀ³ʲôҾ͸еһ䣬ǵȴֺƽʱֻȣֲһһԱȣһĸо
۾ͿͷߣŴͣɫĻû뵽ͷȻҲ𣬿ҵġζֺ̫һǻɫģֲǺȣеƣȴееĹͷЦˡǷصĲҺȻǱɫĻյĺܡ
һˣû뵽ͷȻı¡ԸˣߴǿˣסȻˡ
ҸϽٶ룬Ŭάס󡣹ͷĸӼˡҸеͷҲڸȼա
ڣͷˣҿеĹͷѾСĹͷһˣһһ·һƣҸеٿǿ͡ͷ
ǿҲڵϣڵĴȻǺķѲᡣͷ֪ʲôʱֱһֻСҲſͷĴŴġͷԴ˵Ƕ㣬Ҫû군ˡĻʲôҲ
ͷȻشңֻĿ˿ҡǿһ˵ڲϢʱ㻹ûй
ʵٻеôˣǿ˵Ǹͷ˵ģҪٲȥǾԶˡ
ܿ˿ܺˮڣеľﶼˮУģˡҸϽ۹ʰСͷȻһšͷһǿҡվߵ±ߣһҧ˳ȥ
ֻǰһΡⶼûˣǰһƬڰȴл⣬͵ػͷȴǷȼգѾյòˡ̱ڵϣаҡҪǡͷʱ죬ǿˡϧˣûջ٣֪ǲеղؼֵأ
ڵϢһ󣬲վͻȻе㲻ԾʱҲˣڿҹɫŨأƺʱ֡
ҿ˿ֱֻʮʮȻǴҳֻжʮӡҿ˿ǿ˵ǿʦھǳֻжʮӰղôʱ䣬Ǹʲôȥˣ
ǿҡҡͷǣһʣ


ʮ ҵ
ǻص棬ǸŻǹҴӴ߾һƬֲҶӣŵǸʬŵĿڱߡǿֵؿҡͻȻǸʬűӶ˶ɱѶ˶ɱһſˣҧסŵҶӡ
ǿһҪǹľһѽһҸϽסǿʲôûµġ
ǸʬųԵҶӣָŵӡ˿ǡҶ˵ţǸͷѾˡŵ˵ͷлǵˮ˳˵ˣˣҵҲ⵽ͷˣҲ뿪ˡ͸ȥĵطˡ
̾˿֪ܹȥҲǺʱҳһţ㻹ɣ
ҡҡͷҵôأУѾû٣Ҫ䡣Ӧ˳Ӧʱȥȥˡ
ҡҡͷǾˣҪʲô飬һʹߣҲҵѰɡŸмĵ˵ͷˣߣ̫̫ҲҪ·ˡҺǿһۣһͺŵ˵ͷҹɫԺӡ
ĵĻصļңһ㶯ûУûоǡǿĵﵽ˳˺üױЩʣ˻ص˷䡣˵ʵҲˣղŵʵǲ١Χڿͷùһױݸˡͷ˴󹦣㣬ٸõġͷȴһҡҡͷ㿪ױ
ǿӹױٺٵЦЦҿӦýˡҿ͸ղųԵġڤûʮҲжʮˣﻹװ±Ķҿ˿ͷĶӣĹ͵ġҡҡͷҿ㻹Ϣһ°ɡͷĵ˵ͷһſȥˡ
Ҷǿ˵ղȫǡͷĹ֪ͣǡͷʲô𣿡ǿһױУ˵ûֻ𣬲˵һֻ𣬽νġҵֻΪˣ͸оȶȡǶԹ˵Բġζ𡯡
Ҳץһױ˵ͷͷ֮󣬾ͻ³֡ҵ𡯡Ҫ˵ͷҲıˡһ֣ǿĲӡڤҲôǣֻҪڻסʱǶȻȥˡֻǿϧǧ㻹˴šû뵽ΪԺġڤȻӡͷáͷ롣ֳôġڤأ³ҵ𡯣ǺǣҪҪ군ˡ
˵ţóǸͷŵ˿֮ϡǿ˿еʳСͷϸĿ˿˵Ƕšи֡ҵ˵ͷһӣСͷˡߵˡͷߣϵˡͷĲϡͷȻƣȴʤߵ΢Ц
ǿһ߳ţһЦŶ˵üһӶ׼ˡ֪һӮ𣿡ЦЦ˵ʵҾ׼ʮӣһǸáǿЦЦĹʵǲǿ⣬ǴСæСͷǴξͱؼߺˣתû㶪ԼСҿӦüǿˡ
ҲЦЦ£Ȼǹһ㣬ۣаʤһ֪ܽ£һиĽġġ
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ЦЦҲһߵĿϡ˯ȥ
֪ʲôʱ洫һĳҺǿһҿ˿棬Ѿˡûʲôˣһֱĵģһֱ˯ڡĴϸŵ
Һǿһ£˿ҷ֡ͷҲҸϽ߳˷šֻýԺҾʹ˵ֳˡһ㶣˭ˣ˵ţˣԼļˡ
ʵô֪˵һûţȥһȥͿ˺ŵ˼棬ˡףǺһ¡Ѿˣϣһ·ߺðɡ
ʱ洫ľϽ˳ȥһһ߽еˣҸղű˾Ȼˡ˵˳ȥǿҲ˳Ҷǿ˵ȥҡͷһܡǿ˵ͷҸ˳ȥ
һͣ棬ָֻŵں;˵ʲôǸ˵ͷͻȻҡǶӣǸ쾹ȻЦˣ˳ǰһץסҵ֣¬ʦ֣ôˣ
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˿죬ʬ塣Һγ˺ŵķӡʵʦ֣㵽ʲôЦЦûʲô£һѹȪˮһ¡յû뵽ﾹȻ׼أûˣҲǼ¡
˵ǿãͻﴦЩ飬ҹ㣬ǲǾסңҵ˵ͷκǸˣͻļңԼˡ
߽Ժӣǿӭüͷң˵ˣͷһֱҲ֪ȥˡ
һһ㶣ôأ


ڰʮ Ȫ
ǿǽ˵ⷿǰݺĶұˣҵġۡҲѰˣǾʼҲʲô˰ɣ˵żͷȥԶһĵط
ǿ˿ң֪ͷҡҡͷ˵֪֪⸽ӦԶһ㣬һĵط
ǿһѣǻ㡣˴·ܿ˿·ɽ͡һ·ɽȥǿĵں˵ǲﰡɱߴˡ
һعͷǿ˵ûŵʲôζǿ˳ӣҲûʲôɣеζѡЦЦǳ£㡣ֳرģ߾֪ˡǿֳ鶯±ӣ˵ǳ𣡻ʲôرġũϷʵζ𣿡
ЦЦǿʦ죬˭ϷʡǿȻ԰ʱϷʣķأһߣһ˵Ƿ㣬Ƿ㡣ǡͷķ㡣
ǿüͷʲô˼ҡЦЦôˣǿʦˡǺǡ˵Ҽӿ˽ŲǿҲϽ߳ȥңǰֵһѺɫĶһζƮ
ָָ˵ǡͷĶˡɣǿűӣߵǰ˿˵ҵ죬ʲô㿴мСáô°ѵͷСӣҲűӣҡҡͷϴΡͷˡڤӣֶ̫أɡϲ֪ͷ˶١ҪǿҪѴҶˣԡͷܵɽˡ
ǿֿ˿ͷǶѶ˵ĸСáҵ˵ͷô٣һû꣬ǰ߰ɣٿ
һӣһ·ַ˼Ѷϸ飬ѾжʮڤСáǿҡҡͷͷĳ˺ܶడ᲻ЦЦ֪ҲǺҲͺˡ
ɽ굱˵ˡͷɽеһСϪϡͷſͣغϪˮҺǿϽ˹ȥҶڡͷߣġͷôˣͷ˿ң˻ԴһתܵһߵĲݴʱʹһĶ
ð죬ͷҡҡλε˳ſˮߺˮȥݴУ˼ΣͷľŻָ˲١ҺǿҲ˲١˺̲ϣ˿ͷ˵һٳ˶ʮڤܲŹ֣ںöˡ
վԡͷ˵Ҫûˣǻȥɡͷ˵ͷǿҲվͻȻҸеСϪ˼ˮ󣬿ˮûˮҲûС㣬徲ģҸ˵ĸое
Ҷǿ˵ǿʦ˵СϪǴģǿҲ˿ֿ˿Զ˵ǴǱģпǸȪġ˼ǲҪο
ҵ˵ͷ԰ҲεģûпǸ˵еȪۡȻҪȥˡǿҲ˵ͷǣȻˣȥҲǺõġߣ
ϪϣһϪˮխСһͿԿȥܵľҲŨԾϪˮˮߡˮУǵЬϪˮʪˡҸе˿˿ĺ⡣ʱȻ죬ǽ¶Ȳ͡ǽ´ĸоȴǺܡ
ǿ̧ͷ˵ˮС˵̰ɣǰˡȻǰһ˿ӦΧסġǴ˿һǰһ̨ӣǸ̨ľͷɵΧɫġָָ˵ӦþˡҿƱˡ
Ƶ档ľͷΧмһȪۡȪڲϵðˮˮˮзţ񿪹һֵȪˮǿһ߶һ˵ˣһ֮⣬ҲûʲôرġȪˮӦкܶɣ
ҵ˵ͷԭûʲôģͨǿɾͲһˡһڡߵЩֵľһ󷢺ʱһ紵˹ܵĴŷҡٵҶҡõǡֵķ֣ЩҶȴôҲ䲻Ȫ档
ָָǸȪۣǿ˵ǿȴüͷ˵죬ЩҶǲ䵽ġǿĻǾŵģҿôԿüǿ˵ʵҲֻҵķ۶ֶرСԸоõͨġ
ҺǿоȪˮͻȻһߵġͷӣֿʼȪˮˡҿ˿ͷǰɣ㻹ûȹǿ˵Ȱɣһ⡣ֻǿϧСӲ˵ҪȻҪʲôҵ˵ͷ
ʱ򡰲ͷ̧ͷƺȵúܱҺٺٵЦЦСǲҪԶ㰡Ǿ㰡ǡͷûԶһŻ³һҿ˿ǺǸڴͷŲڴˮ̣ҵǰ
ҽӹ˲ڴ˿һҿӣһڤţһǽĻǡҸϽҪ򿪴ӡһߵǿֵסңģҪǻǿɾ군ˡ
ҵ˵ͷϣûдֻֽðǸӷŵ˿ڴ档ܿ˿ŵǼݾڲԶĵطȪĺܽ
ֿ˼ۣǸݼŵĺ֡ǶȿȥǸӸͲһӣǸûʲôоڿԽԽ֡
ڷǿңĸǺŵķӰɣǾǲǣһع˵ͷԣǡ㿴ǲе֣֡ʲôֵġǿҲڿݣһ˵ǰ㲻˵һûоһ˵е֣е㣬е
ҵ˵ͷʦһ飬һڷˮ飬˵ӲܸǵĺһĻܶණϴţǸϷӣϺܲ޽ӦûѲƣô᲻ˮҽأ
ǿǲΪ⣺ҲûʲôɣҲһʼҪһأҡҡͷʦģ㿴ǸֻѡѾϷˮ֮ˡ
ǿ˿ңڵеʦˡҪˮ㵹˵˵ʲô⡣
ҿ˿ݣϸĿ˿ܡͻȻ䣬˷֡


ڰʮһ ·
ģݸǵ״Ȼ֡ϸĵò֡ͣɽˮط״һɽ;ͺһǣݵλþͺеĵơǷλԵĻ֡εءǲطĺõءڸߵԶǰķλ෴ǾҲ۵Ĳʲô
ǿһֱڵҵĻش𣬿ڷңôʦһع˵֮ǰ˿ʦҵġԭûʲôоģĿָϷӺķˮ;òһˡķˮһҲǾϸġ
ǿ°ͣɻĿңǰɣĿĻ᲻ãҵ˵ͷȷʵãǿġΪķˮúͺõ෴ǿӲףΪʲôҪأҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡ˵㻹ǵǸʹ˵ľ񡣾ͺھӡԡ
ǿ˵ķˮǷģ˵ǲõģ˵Ǻõġ˼ǰķˮģҵ˵ͷǲȵһطѹǸͷԺӺһһĵط
ǿץץͷ˼һ´ʼ˵ô˵ɣǼһЩʲôȥ
ǿһߣһ˵㿴ˮӵваǰû˵Ҳ֪вУʱҲûʲôˮԿڿͻȻͶϺˡӦû⡣ֻͷ˿Ȫۣ˵ΪʲôôǿðǰҲӵǡǿҡҡͷ˼ǰܶġ
ҿ˿ǿѵʲô춯ǿһ֪𣿡̾˿ǸطȥõģǵץЩչߡ˵ɡ
ǿ˿˵Ǹطҵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵ãܲϲҺܶŪϴððȻȥˣ㱱档Ҳٳʲôˡ
ǿ˵ʲôһߵӵıϡڣûпڹһҲſݵԺǽԲģҲǷġ߱ΣӺ֡ǿüͷղſΪԲġڿȻ߱εġôе
ҵ˵ͷȷʵĵֻûѡǿ˵Ǽ٣ҶǷͺֲ֡ǡ֪֡ж칬͵ع֪ĶǲҲ칬عûӦû칬ġƿ˴˵ǿûеع
߽档Ĵ˿˿ԽԽֺ֡ڣæûע⡣ڿ涼ǹġܿźʹıλúܲԾٿﶥϾȻƽģذһ
ǿţŸλáʵʲôǿһۣ㲻˵ҪҵعҾ͵ûڰҡҡͷһҪڣӦǸС档
ǿ˵ͷֱ߽һߵСӣҲǺסӡҲ˹ȥӻһһĿȻûʲôǿڴ¿˿ֵáûʲô֡Ҳ˿ӵ£Ҳûʲô֡ʵ̫С̫򵥡ûʲôصĶֻд̨ϵֲЩۡ
ֲǺųԹ˾ͻӸʬ˵ֲʲôҲ֪վֲǿһȦҲһߡһ̡֧ŵζͷ˿ǿҲҪһͻȻǿ³ֱֱ̣ϷȥҸе֣˳Ʈȥķ˿Щתķ϶
ǿָָ档ǿҲЩ˵˼˵жҵ˵ͷǿӣϣǻǹﶥҲӣǿ˵ҡһָļǿվơûʲô
ãնǿ˵簡㵹ǿ㣬˼Ҳᰡ˵𼱡з֣ǿյġǿеģ̫ˡ
һ϶ƣǻƲǿеżôва˵и϶Ʋǿ˵㲻õ
ҧҧһЩһ졣һǿȴ˵Ľеҵˣû˵ټЩﶥıƿһšߵĿϵӿţ洫һķкܴĿռ䡣
ǿ˵ôˣ˵кܴĿռ䣬ǽȥ𣿡ǿ˵ͷȥһҪȥȵȣԾûжĵطѵﾹȻ칬
ҡҡͷҲ֪ϲɣǿеϣɽҲҪϣȥ˵һǸСǿšͷҡ֣ǿҲ˽ȥ
ӦһоԿˡֵķ֣Ȼһľ¥ݣͨ档Ҷǿ˵ûɣҼǵﶥҵǸŵģôһͨ¥ݣ
ǿҡҡͷǻۣǲܵġ֪¥ͨˣȥ˵
˵ǿ̨ףҺ͡ͷҲȥҿ˿ͷͷûرķӦҲŷĵȥ
˷ǲ¥ʲôûСŻ谵Ĺ⣬ǲ֪Դһ󣬸оǸ¥µģȥ˺
ǿһߣһ˵߶ӦúܸˡǸӿûôߡ˵Ѿоˡûʲô塣Ǹ߾ˡ
ߵһƽ̨ϡǵĽŸһ̤ƽ̨ܾһյյ͵ƣƵĻ磬ںڰҡҷšһ¡ǿ˵⻹Զġͦ˼
ܿ˿Ż谵ĵƹ⣬˿ܡЩ͵ƺǽϣŴıڻ߹ȥ
ʱͷһ硣ҿ˿ͷҲŵһֵζģеġҶǿ˵ζ֣жɣ
ǿҡҡͷ͵ζЩ͵Ƶ͡һ㶣ģô֪ǿޱ˵صһСͷĵ룬͵ơζûжģİɡ
Ҹеһģǿǿӣû˵ʲô͸͵ƿźıڻǱڻĺƯɫҲ쳣ޣǶ೤ʱġ
ͻȻҿһĺ׶ķһҵע⡣


ڰʮ 
һķ񣬺ֱۣÿ϶һϴӧ磬׺һͷֻšǿ˵Ǵ񡣽ڵԳɷŭ񡣡
ҵ˵ͷ֪ʦҲҼܶΣɭɭģôз񣿡
ǿüͷϸĿ˿ͻȻ˵ԣԾʵôˣʲôԵģǿ˵ǡǴ񡣡
׷ʵղŻ˵ǣʲôԾǿŷ˵ԭһģúÿķЩͲԾϸĿ˿ŵľȻһСӣЩСӺСղҲûϸЩСӣǿֲ۽ǺǶѪЩϻѪȻаʮ㡣˿ž͸еëȻ
ǿԴԩԩ⵽ʲôôôĿֲҲٿȥǰ˼ǰ½ĳ˲ٵ񡣶ԽԽֲһ񣬲ȫѪ¶ŹͷЩࡣźǶġұԹﵽʲôطôôĵĶǿǿúϸһ߿ţһߺ˵ҿҲֻǾЩпһȽصڽ̵񡣡
Һһǰɣһŵ㡣ôʲôڽ̣ҿ˲ЩһŷĶɣҪǻ˵ġҲʲôöԣ滹档ʵ
ǿҡҡͷ˵ˣˡ˵ʲôϾϣ¾°ɡҵ˵ͷűڻЩ֮󣬱ڻʼе˼ˡѸоڻڽһ顣ڱڻʼһһĶƵ׺ߣ߰ģҴû˺þҲȻļԺȥʱһʿʦ
ĻһҰҲ֪ڻҰкܶСˣϸֲˣСǺڴ̣߰ģӺܶڸԵСһսǳǲңɱ
һУһź˳ڰУһϣſŵ¡¾ЩսСȻǸ˵ı飬ҸеǸ˵һֽһ飬һʡҺƣ˭Ҫʲôأ
Ҽ¿ҿǻڵСѾսˡһ֧ļڴϡЩСΧ֧裬ףһߵǿͻȻ˵һǬ֪˭ȻһƽսҡҡҡͷҲ룬Ǻܾãܾǰ顣ɣ
ĻһֻļͷĶˡкܶι״ˣܣƺڿĽǿһ߿һ˵ףЩļһﲻǰЩеЩѵڿ
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һкܶĶƯڿУǶӣһɷñΧЩµι״ļһߵսǼңҲڻˡÿһ侳ĸоɱÿһ˶ڷɱÿһ˶ƴ
ǿ˵ЩġЩ˾Ļģǲ֪ʲôأȻҲֻ֪ܸϸĿŻҿеϹһӣĸ֡
Ҷǿ˵Сǿ˵ҲˣֲҪʲôأһǰȥȥһ
ҸһΪУվһͷˡǸ˴ȫףȻûͷһ䣬ɱһֻһѺ񳤱һĴ󵶡һֻ֣һͷ­Ǿǹһ۾ϳˡ
ǿҲˣʵǲǾǹҵ˵ͷһеĹߴӵźܶġڤšŵָ߸ߵ𡣴ָšƺָµЩڤ򡰽
ɽҰġڤѡΧסЩšػߣһԴжǾɫҲ֪ƻġڤֻսô᲻أҲеһľֻǲ֪ǲסˣֻûס
ҸϽߵһǰ档еġڤѾռϷ磬ҲŴվ棬ϾҪ롰ˣҵҲųЩػ߶군ˡ̾˿ǿȴߵǰ棬ָһ˵ת
ҸϽ߹ȥһЩڤӵŹ˶߸ߵ̧ͷ濴šΪǸѾɵ˰֮СǸźҲգϻ裬ķȥ
ûлˡҲ֪Ǹźϵ˭ĽʲôãܵһǶ˹ȻЩػߵĻıڻӦúǸеϵôʲôطأ
߱εģҲ߱Σѵ˵
óǿңʲôأ㿴Ǳߺиһعǿָŵĵطȥһǽǽǰ濿һһڲԿڲĶǸεĶ
Һǿ˹ȥǶһۣһסǿڲһӰһɫңдĸ֣һûϳϸһŷЩǵŵġĸӦǡ
һ㶣ôأҳԾ˵ȻôǲǾڡ֮أǿʵʲô˵ǾڻеǸ棿ǡȻҲ߱εģʮôûˣѵǽҲˣ
˵Ҳ֣ѵĵǰջ硣ΪЩڤ֮ܵսôأ
ǿץץͷ˵һô⣬ôش㡣˵ֺЩҲиоǾǸʲôУʮȥˣ
Դףп


ڰʮ ֮
ǿ˿ң뵽ôˣԴʹô벻ףһ˼˵˵ľȥȻû˵꣬ǺǿԲġ
ǿ˵ͷ˶š˵ʱӦҲĴսңһսڵذҲûиͷֱǸ˳֡ǿʵǸź˭أЦҡҡͷǲ֪һǸˣɽֻƽս
ǿе㲻ţɽ磬ɣƲƲ죺ʲôϡ棬й磬ʲôֵġûģǲʾûС
ǿ˵ͷҲԣȻзӣҲûʲôֵġֻǵ׷ĲһҸղһʱ벻סҪиɹһ£Ҳһ°
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ǿ˵ͷ˵ؼʱǸźֳˣŪȥأЦЦǹؼľ޴硣ԵڤսǿľӣҪأ
ǿ˵˵Ǹź˰ѡõ䣬Ǿ˵ˣʮȥֵ֦ȥˣ
˵ʵúãҸп϶һ㣬ھڡ֮С֮ǰǿķˮǲطķˮֻصΪ磬ûᱣֵôáۼķˮ־Ϊ˱ġ
ǿ˵ͷˮˣʮ㣬ֻȥˣ˵ʲô˵ʵҿʼҲǺףֱղſҲô£ǿ׷ʵ˵˵
˵Ǹ˰ѡó磬ҵأˮ֡ǡǿȵ˵˵ǵŲģҿ϶ĵ˵ͷŵݣʵǡĵعһֱߣͻߵ칬ġҲֻ
ǿһŵӣʵݵĶҵڣȴԽԽ£ҸղǿЩػߵĻģǵװģЩΪʲôֻŵġ
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ǿҲ˵ˣ˵ʵҶķҲͦԵģҲǡЩȷʵе֣еͲźá
˼ֿ˿ЩЩûһҿӣȻе㱣ǿںңû°ɣͲ˾Ͳˣǰ߿﷢ˣҲɭɭģҪ˵ûĻǺп칬ҵֻҲͿƽսأ
һعĵ˵ͷǿǰȥ˼ֵĸоֻͷ˿Щĺʱһҵз˸֪Ϊʲôĸоǿһѣˣ߰ɡ
һֱߵһľǰǿ˵žͨġ֪һʲô˵־ҪȥšȴҼʱסˡΪŷ䣬ǱӡһйŹ֡
ǿţʵôˣҡҡͷúÿзأǷӡ֪ʲôǿŴǰϸĿ˿˵ͷ㲻˵濴ǸǺɫģҲǺɫģܲԣôһӾͿˡ
ЦЦһửȻֶȽСҿɲʶȷǷӡʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
ǿ°ͣҲǷ棬Ƿأ룬ǸžסҲ˵пǡΪʲôȡأ
ҵ˵ͷе䣬ȻǱϾ粻һЩķҪࡣзӡǾ޷ˡˣҿӡûʲôô˽ǹԶĲˡ
룬˵ͷãȥ˵֣ȽرŵšҲûǶҲûӦǺƵһǽϡҪټЩͻȻǵ䷢˺⡣ҵϺ񱻵絽һһֵĸоȫұ˳һ
ǿΪǵŰҵˡЦЦ˵ǵģõˡҲƲ˵Ҳ˹ȥǵšֹȫԣˡǿĶֿ졣ۿǿľšǵĺ˳ǿһõҲƿһ졣
ǿϣǿ˵ұס㣬ǡǿЦЦ˦˵ѵͨ˵硣ǣֵġͻȻһֱġͷ˵ͺΣʱľ֮
ҿ˿ͷͷֻ۾ɵԲԲģ档Ҳ˳šͷķȥǵ϶кڶģʲôûСƣѵʲôǡͷóȴġɻ䣬ͻȻҸе̹
һûпģӦֻ۾̵ֻ۾ʲô۾ͷĵͺˡ
ʱǿҲʵͷôˣʲôҡҡͷ֪ҿ̵ֻ۾
ǿ˵д˵ţֻ֡һӡеȳֻһ۳һţǰȥһײǵľšžһֿҡ
ҿǺڶģʲôǳţһſ޿ڣ˶δ֪ĵطһֲֿС
ҿ˿ǿǿҲ˿ҡߵġͷʱѾ˽ȥһ˵ͷȵǣСģ
ҺǿҲϽ˽ȥһȸոȥһɼ洫˳ȻӲİ˳ȥ
̵ֻ֮۾ǰԽԽ


ڰʮ 
ǹôҺǿûзһŰżϣˤ˳ȥͬʱ̵ֻ۾Ҳǿǵڵϣĵƹ⿴ֻ۾ˡһһ
Ǹʵ֣ª֮ϵƤҲɫģûһëźƤĹ⡣ֻ۾ĴȳĴ׳ԶԵֱֻȴ쳣ĶСǰһиӳǣһĴռ˰ȻûȫſȴԿݡһɾ
Ƭ̣ǼһѾǵǰҺǿһȥ¿ȥһͦһվǿѾȣҫʡҲҵС˼ƣ׼Ը
Ǹ嵽ſڣȻֻǵ̵ֻ۾Ŵ죬ҧţֻС֣Ҳ趯ţҪǡûа취ֻվ档ǵĶҲ˻
˼ƣؿڣˣһʲôڳǿһзʲôµģҿǿһۣʦзз¹麦£𡣡
ǿҡҡͷֿǹ˵һȻǶҲȥϸĿ˿ֻߣȣʱ
˵ףһڻϺаѵػߣǿҲ˵ͷԣǻȷʵСҼǵûϵĺСһֻôô󣿡
ǿ˵öԣǰĻһӣһߴĽ²ŵĶеĹֻĽѾӴСֻС̧֣ĽšһֱΪǲǸװΣԵǸĸߴû뵽Ķû뵽һôҪǰһ£ǸҪж߰
ҿ˿棬ǸһضǡҶǿ˵ôǲǽȥûа취ҪǲܿĽȥˡǿüͷǡͷأ
ˡͷϽдؽеͷͷûСͷĻȴŭǸ͵ǰһܣȻ֪ǻŵһ
ʱ򡰲ͷǸߴ˳ҿͷû£д󶨡Ҫ˵ȴͷ͵ػعͷǸһͺ
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Ҷԡͷ˵ǽȥͷ˵ͷǸһҺ𡣡ǹӸӵί˵һߡͷҺǿС
治ɭɭźŨͺĳֶϵǸһζǿűӣǰ档ҽظšͷ󣬶ǸǸ￴šͷ񿴵еӣһֱҿ
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˼̫ˣֻǻһʹ˻ǸܰĹָ
ͷͷȥźغһǻˣ֮ľȻصӦǹ췢ģǺڰиͿ̵ֻֻ۾ڻζš
ǿ˵һҪʲôô¡ͷΪʲôҪûˣǹȻͣסˣǲϣܼСƺھǡǿҲ˵ҸоһܼСȥӡ
üͷǺ⻹Ƕأǿҡҡͷҵǲֻ֪ȥк¡ͷҹԺܼȥΪǺãΪԼҾͲ֪
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ЦЦ֪ô˵߰ɡţӿ˽Ųһֱߵ¥ݵľͷһƽ̨
쳣ĺڰֲָҲ֪Ŀռжǿ˵֪ĵطҾʹֵˡǿĻҡҸϽ˿ڴֻֻĻġҴֻһ׹ˣȻֵһôڰĵطеҲǺõġ
ǿҲóҸֻˡڰߵǽߣǽϿ˿ǶǺɫľͷɵģǲûбڻǽ˼ûʲôǿ˵ҵһȥǿ֪طӡҵ˵ͷȥɡʵҲûʲô϶߱εġʲôҲǺõġ
ǿߵ˶档ҿԿֻĹâžʮ׵ӣһǽšͻȻϸϸҲΪ⣬ΪǡͷǹһͷҵСȣǴڣǴߴġ
ͣס˽ŲҸоͷҲͣס˽ŲĹҲͣסˡǿ˵ǲʲô֣˵֪ûпʲô𣿡ǿ˵ûʲô
Ҷ壬ԡͷ˵𣿡ͷĶһתţͬʱ˵ͷͷҲˣǾͲˡǿеʲô
һǿ͡ϸţûСһҡҡͷǿ˵ûˣǼ߰ɡ
ּǰСִˡҸϽͣס˽ŲúУбǰĵطһƶƺҵķƶ
Һ֣ǸطȥֻĹʵǲʲô䣬ͻȻǿڶежƶҺܿ졣¬ҪСġ
û뵽ǿҲоˡĿ뿴ʲôǾǿԽͻȻֻİ׹һӰӹҸϽֻ׷٣öɵúܿ죬һûпʲôһֻɵĳһĶ
ҸǿͻȻϱʲôҸϽһ㡣ȥץȴûץʲôԼȴϵϱĵطȻѪҾһʲô
ʱҸеֻһж档ûжֻֻȥȻһҵֻĻ档


ڰʮ 롱
ֻĻǳϵģɫĻâһ԰ɫĵһɫ͸ĶСһ㣬ҲǰɫģŶӣϳų󵶵ǰ֫ͺһ롣ֻǼһﾹȻһź˵ͷֻǺСϸȻĸСС
ʲôûмӺ֣ҵֲҶٿǸһ򣬷ϸϸֲ֪һĳ򣬺ǽ
ʱǿǱߴһСҸϽʵôˣǿ˵Ҳ֪ҵϺʲôһ¡ϣѪˡ˵аɫһĶͷҵĻ䣬ҵֻϵǸ룬һҷ˹
һǸһץȥȴһʹҸϽ֣ϾȻĸССѪһǱǸһҧˡҶǿؽеǿǶץãҧˣҳôӲ
ǿûлشȴǿǱߵֻһһģҸ˵ȴֻĹ䵽˵£ǿҸϽϡͷǿǱȥģģǿ塣ǿ壬ҸϽһǿһߵıǽ
Ҷǿ˵ôˣǿ΢΢ɣ̧ͷ˵ҧҵͷˣʹеԡǿôһ˵ҲҲееġҵ˵ãжǿ˵ԲһӦû˰ɣ
û˵ڰп˿Ƕɵúܿ죬ֻожڷɣȴҽ׬еġҫʡؿźڰСǶûˡǿô
ǿӦͷ׵ĸˣβСһ˹ѶȳȥɣҺһ㻹㣬ڲһһֻҪǶ˿ɾ鷳ˡ
ҵĻû䣬ܶϸϸ֪ж֡롱ˡǿһ˵ˣõĲ黵飬һ˵Ǿͳˡô죿ǿҲҲ֪ж٣ô죿
ҵ˵ͷ˾ͱ˵ô໰ͷҪȥǿʦƶˣǵһ˵
ǿ˵ͷáǶǿߡȻǿǰкֶܶȻǽ߿Ǿǽ˿ǿĽ绹ǹãЩֻŰ׹ֿ˿Щһ㣬ҵֱ顣
롱Сòͣתţֻһǰ֫ʱͷһѡҿֵľٶ֪ҪʲôͻȻҷҵֻеЩ롱ҲƺڿңȻѿ죬¶ЦݡֻǵЦ쳣Ĺ졣һֺܲõԤС
ûףͻȻЩ롱ϹЦӹ졣һԼһǰ֫͵ǿ˹
Ȼ֪ԼǿĽ統УЩ롱ǰ֫ǿҵģһžһǿҲһ𣬴ؽеЩʲôȻʼ硣ôҼֲ˶á
룬ȻҲ֪ЩʲôһĶӦû»뵽óһŷֽ滭һáҫʡϡھһǵһӵȼˡҿɿܵܲſǽЩ롱ҲһƬɫضǡ롱
ˡҫʡšҫʡ˳ȥЩ롱˻⣬һӶˡǿٺһЦðԭЩ»𣬿㡣¬š
ҡҡͷˡҪǰˣҲҪ档ǲ군ˡǿ˵ͷ⵹Ҳǡ
Ȼ˻˻𡣿Ҳֲ֪˶೤ʱ䡣Щ롱Ȼһ㵫ǶΧﲻԶߡǻǻ񡣱ĳ򷢳ϸϸ﷢š
ǿ˵¬Լֶ೤ʱ䣿ҡҡͷҲ֪ǰ߰ɣ
Żǰ˼Щ롱Ҳ˺󡣿еġʼЩ롱ֿʼԾԾˡǿ˵аϾҪˡǾ군ˡ
ҵȻ֪ȻҵֶѪˣǻǺʹЩô࣬ҿҺǿЩ󵶡ˡ
ǿǽһ·ţͻȻеǽз죬ⶼûľͷģǺβϼƬȼˡҸϽͷǻʲô㡣
ǿһǽӣϽﵽҵĻϡû뵽ǰӾȻšӷܵĻ⡣Щ롱øԶˡҲһ
ǿЦЦ취ãǸϽҵڣ߰ɡҵ˵ͷȴŵһֺֺϤζǸղͱŵζ˵ôζ
ǿȴû˵ʲôԼ֣˵ҵϣôͣǿ￴˿ǿȼյİӣµͣϸȻǰӣʵͷɵİӡˣµ͡
ǿһģֲֻܷ֡˵̣̣ͺˡǰߣͻȻһߵǽһЩǲûжǰھǸԶĵطȻź
Ǿ˵źֻѾ׹ǣɭ׵Ĺͷϣһ˿ⶼûСǿһ£ôˣҿ˿ǽϵĶ˵ǵĹġʱҲ̫ǱǰЩ롯͡
ǿ˵㣬ǿȥǼӿ˽ŲʬŵĵطǿȽյšǿеİֻʣһˣȫ͡һߵǵǰ棬һȥ
ű֮һŻҪӲҾȻû߿ұ֮һǿңҵ롱ĶУҲڻ֮СǿһŲ˰ϵ͡һˤ˳ȥ
һˤɲҪǿѾͣץססеӣһ֣һӷ˳ȥһߡǵϺܶͣһȼˡһˡЩ롱һ˻·ӡЩֱӷɵ˻СЩͷǽС
ȥǻ𣬿ǻܡҸϽǿ˵ǵˣܰɣǿܻ˵ǵģûлЩ롯ͻҪǵ˻ǾҪˣ㲻֡ˮ𣿸ϽһŪɡ
ǿšͷܵǰǿ˵Ūţһǿ˵ͷȣݺݵǸȥͬʱҵġˮҲˣһˮ𣬾ȻСռһꡣ


ڰʮ ջ
ˮһЩطĻð˿˿İ̡һֵζЩƮˮϣȼţ˹ڵҡҡλΡ˸еľ
ζǺˣ̻ζչζʮֵšǶҵĿϽס˿ڱǡһѱˡͷǿеŪ𣿡ǿͷŵģ˵ˣˣ
ǿһӣֻһ졣ǵűǿҵķ顣һ˽ǵľһӡִϸϸҲ֪Щ롱ֳˡһľղŵʬһܡ
ǿȵŽȥĴߴҡҰѡͷȷŵУȻҲ˽ȥǷšͷʱ򣬸оͷҧʲôͦġҲû룬һƽУҲԾ˽ȥ
ٻͷǹϡѾǿˡ͹زϡǿں溬ĽеߣŲˣŰ屻ҴˡʱȷҴƮˮϵĵɫĻ⣬ҿһƬɫġ롱˹ﻹҵ飬Ͻתȥ
ںڰּż˽Ӧת¥ݣһŲȿգȥһƤ򣬹ȥˡͷʱ򣬡ͷҧסңҹ̫죬ȻûҧҼ¹ȥǿǿȻһץסңһ㡣Ҽ¹û赲һֱһƽ̨ϲصˤ档
һˤ߻أʹáðΣҲ¥ǿ͡ͷҸеǿұ˵¬ôҿһ˵û£ֻеʹңһͺˡУ˵ĺܺǱ˵ˡ
ǿңһ˵ǵģ㣬㻹˵ҡҿЦһ£㣬ҪŴ˹زϣҲżʧˡǿٺٵЦҿ㿴Щʲô롯һĹҪҧ㣬㺦ģҡ
ҺһһʹҵһĻһ壬һ£Ӧû˵ǡϿ˿˵ˣЩûиŲǻ𣿡
ǿҲϿ˿˵ŹŹֵֹģһĶһģһĲᵽһɣҵ˵ͷͻȻǿˣöˡԭԵ֣Ҳûָоˡ
Ҷǿ˵ǿʦͷǲǡǿͣЦЦǰҵͷöˡġҪվ˵ûˡ߰ɡһֻʹһ
ǿǺܸˣЦ˵ЪһɣżʹҪǹȥһ¶ʹġϢһ£Ե㶫һ㶣ôųԵģǿٺٵЦȻˡҳ֮ǰ˼ױóԣղҪΪ˳Ҳᱻҧͷˡ
֪һΪʲôҪͷҡҡͷ治֪˵ʲôˡǵģôǿЦһױ˵ʵҸղһֱ㣬һϵʬ˵ǵĹģʱ䲻̫ΪһЩ롯ŪáΪʲôأ
һ߳ױһ˵ʵҲܼ򵥡㻹һ£ҿǸһרҵĵԲεġǿǲףô˵ʲôأ
ЦЦ֪νԲŷʵ಻Ǻܶ࣬һ֣εģԲεģεġһǹʱĹʹõġԲξִʹõġεľһЩʹõģֻһɡ
ǿȻŶˣ㿴Բεĵ֪ǽӣҵ˵ͷٿǸСҲ˵ǺרҵҶǲûжʱ䲻̫ٲ᳤˵Ƥⶼùˡţ˾ǱЩĶҧġ
ǿĵ˵ͷðֻôһܿôĶ
ҡҡͷҲʲô֪˾ͻῴˡͷҧʲôߵġͷҧһӡǸӣһҺ֡ԡͷ˵ҵġ˵ţѰ˹ְĹĵģͦණ
ͷһſҧŵİǿҲ˹ʲôóֻ
һ˺ҪȥͻȻһ׹һΣ˳һ롱һһ˦ְѱ˦˳ȥǸ롱ûж֪ôģȻ˦˳ȥվû
ΧȥֻĹУǸ롱ŹЦһˡֵ˵ǼһѾӲˣһʵ롣ǿ˵ࣺеɡ˵Ŵ˿ڴС
˵Сĵ㣬Щ˹ģʱٻҧһڣɷϡǿ˵ͷְǸ˳ŵһߡ
ùζһ£ȷû֡롱Ű˽ȥĶһһ˳һҰӪƣֱ䣬ҲɢʽҴ򿪿أ˾ϲǣȻԵҿӵܳ㡣
ǿҲܸˣеˡٿĶѹɣһѶ๦ܵСһˮƿ˻ΣˮġһɰߣһСӡ
˱ӣķ˷дּּͦΣɼЩдֵǸˡҷһҳһǸֱʻһһõǸһʮ㣬ԣ߽ġ
һνĵƽߵֱ棬һбߣбֱָǸĵڶ㣬ǽ·ߡǿһ˵ǸĹʼǣһﵹ˹򡣡
üͷ˵˵ô֪ӡһ˵ǿһ£һԴ԰ǵ֮ǰ֪һӣô
Һһ˵б֪ԼΪʲôǿ˵˵֪ԼǸģ˵л˻ͷҲԣȻ֪ӣ֪ԼҪʲôûɲ֪ʲô㿴ûü򿪣Ǿͱˡ
Ҳòϣǿ˵е˵ҲΪ˵Ǹб
ǿе㲻ף˼ǡ


ڰʮ 
ЦЦ˵룬ô֪ǡģǿҡҡͷҼ˵ú룬Լֿ԰ϸµʲôأǿҡҡͷ̾˿ȻЩȴûгɹЩˡ
ǿʵΪʲôЩеػأЦЦ˵룬ΪʲôڽҪֱӴڶأǿеżͱθˣ˵ɡ
Ц˵һ֪һǸҿǸǲҴϢҲ˵һĹҪӵڶǿʵǾͲ֪ڶʲô롯𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ֤ûĽ棬ݻûбЩݹҲ֪֮ͱǸźõ֮һҹȴǸһĹɵˡҪƹһ㣬ֱӴȥڶ㡣
ǿ˵԰е˼һΪʲôֱӴһ㣬ֱõأ
ЦЦ磬㲻ǿЦɡǵĹɲʩôĹô˶Ŀ㿴ɣ⵽ôҲиʮף˴ôĶҪ೤ʱ䣿ǿ˵ͷҲ԰
ҲڿǿַǱռǡǱռǺ˼ֱһжƻͱ¼ռʼѡ·ߣд˽⵽дռǵ˽ࡣһûʽּأֻиţͷ˶ϷˣǺһġӡ
ҷһҳдŵĶһȤΪ˵˸ǺܷĶ𣬶ҺܸȤǸ˾Ȼʦү
̧ͷ˿ڳױǿ˵ǿʦ㿴ᵽʦүǿױǰɣʲôʦүѵʶǸʦү
ҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˣǵĿԺܴܿܺʦүйϵֵͷĿǸӡûжʦүӵдΪⲻС˵д˺ܶ׼ǹܸĹǽӵǵĹ棬ҵһ֧ǸʦүǵĶж򡣿Ǵֱʡ
֮ǶԵλõķ˺ܴƪɼһмƻˡ֪Ҷλãڶûˡ
̾˿Ǹӡҿ˿ʱ䣬ǰ
ǿҺ˱ʵôˣ˵˺רҵҲмƻֻǿϧƻûб仯죬û뵽һһ㣬Щµġ롯ʲôûأ군ˡ
ǿЦЦҲãЩЩǿе㱣ϡЦЦ߰ɣﲻ򵥣Сĵɡߡǿ˵ͷ𣿿ˣҵ˵ͷ߰ɣˣôеˡ
վֵĴգͻȻǰһɫİӡʰ˿ӦŰ֮һҵ˵ǿӡͦзӦòǹͷģľͷʲôľͷͲ֪ˡҰŰ巭˹澹Ȼ֡ϸıһ£дǡꡱ֡
Ҷǿ˵㿴Сꡯ֪֡һ᲻֣
ǿ˿ԶһӣϽ˹˿˵дǡ֡
򣿡ûʲô壬ֻ˵طꡱ־е˼ˣ֪ǲָǡꡱʲô˼أ
ĥţǿ˵߰ɣʲôأʲôûã翴˵ʲô򡯣֣
кˡͷһǰȥ
ֵˣǰ·ҲˡΧ࣬һ߱εĿռ䣬ֻǱһСһ㡣յģʲôûСֵԶʲôûС
ǿץץԴƽ˾ʲôûаЦЦǻã޾գ͵һˣ԰ǿʵôˡ˵㿴ûŰôһ㡣
ǿҲˣ԰ôûأеתҲֲˡ˵Ǻܺ÷ֵģһڶ棬ڶھ档ǵ㣬ӦûǶ档ֻҪҵҾ֪ˡ
ǿЦЦȥҰɡҺǿֵתһȦûšǿץץԴûŰֿǺȱһʲôأ
üͷ˵ԣȱ˵㶫ԭҲȥ˵ţղ¥Ҳûˡ
ǿһԴ԰ҾǾ˵ʲôһ˵ˣ⵽ô£ѵǱ
иֳ˸ղǿŰġꡱ֡Ҫôꡱأ
ͻȻͷǿ˵⣡ҸϽֵ򡰲ͷŵĵطǺɫǽ棬ûʲôҽǽ棬Բͷ˵㿴ʲôˡͷ
ͷͺһǽȥϸһһſµĹǽϣһתۣûˡǿ˵ᶯȣǽϳֹĵطȥ
ǵһȺǽҳ˻𻨣ǽȴ𡣶Ǹֳһߵǽϡͷǽȥȴײǽϣ˻Źֳǽϡ
Ƕûǿ˵ʲô⣿˲Ҳ˲ǡʱǽֳ˹ǹǽϿٵתšĿϾӡ
ҵ˵ǿͷҳҪСġǹתٶȸӿˣͬһʱڣǽϳĹȻǿԿǹϺʲôֻܿȴܿ١ǲ֪ΪʲôȴԸеŹЦ
ģҸоܵѹʼ֪ѹһǿüͷ˵Ծ⵽ô°ǿĻ䣬Ҹеи
һæ̧ͷֻһž޴ĹѹŴ԰˶װ档Ƕһ㿪ǲ֪ΪʲôͺװڹͷƿһҲˡ
ǿһͷһǰֻúһһɾ޴Ĵײȥ
ǹƺʶõһʧﶥҲеһɣһӽˣ˿һһϿţǸֳ֡һ߶ǿ˵ӡ֣Ҳԡ
ȴûǿͷ˿סˡ
߸ûˣǿ͡ͷѾ֪ȥˡ


ڰʮ 
һľʲôûУֻпյļǽֵ磬һȦʲôûСôҲŸղǻһ𣬿ֻ˲ûС⵽ô£
ͻȻҵгǿ˵ô£ܵȥˣҲżһأôһǾͲˣô£ֵ绹Ǻܺڣ
ǿ˵ǵǣҲ֪ͷôйֵһһֵˡ֮ǿеףôˣҸϽšֵ磬ǿеˡ˵ֻҪҵֵˣǱ߾й⡣ǿ˵Ǿ˵ǻһطΪʲôǿԷ
Ҳ֪ô£һʱҲ벻ֻ˵ǻϵϣǡͷԼ᲻ᡭǿ˵ҿǲõһǶ취ְɡҵ˵ͷãͷ취
ҿһȦʲô룬ǽߣҲҵ·ǽ棬һֱһȦûʲôջҺɻ󣬾ʲô취Ƿֿأ룬÷䡣óֽһ·һִ˳ȥ
ֻǵ·һȦȻֱǰһǽ˹ȥʧǽСһ㶣ЦˣԭЩǽǸˡҳȥˡ뵽ߵǽߣƣҵİֻ첲ûǽСǽͦʸеġ˼ԭģֻȥеġһǽС
ԭΪῴǿߡͷǰľɫһסˡɫҾԿáɫʣҲһġɫǺľɫԶɽͣɴһıУɽɫֻ׺ż֣ǵķɫص̲ݣȥģһˮǰɽ䡣ʱʰ쵵ķɹ˵ĽһĿ쳣ʣиղǡĹζ
Ҹеġһ˲ݵϣǰľɫȻе˯
ԺʱͻȻгǿӡ˵ιʲôһ˹˵֪ҸղųһǽһԴĵطľɫǿҲܼӣ˵ҸղҲһǽȻһ켫һĵطΰġݱޡǡû뵽ǿ뵽һҲһǽΪʲôῴһĵطͻȻҾе㲻ԣһվеԣͬʱǿҲͬĽеԣ
˵ԾǺʲôסˣĥǵ־ǿҲ˵ǰҪϽȥȥһҲȥˡҵԴֳˡꡱ֣ǺܿµģڿӦǸ塣ҸϽųеĶԼ붨״ֳ̬ǿӡҶǿ˵ǵǿ԰ѹ͵һǾͺһҲѳȥ
ǿ˵ͷӢͬҲôģɣһ𷢳ɹ͵һ𡣲֪˶೤ʱ䣬ʲôڲҡ
۾ֻص˸ղڵĵطҵǡͷǿҵĺ档ǿҲ۾ӶЦǿ˵ˡҵ˵ͷգͻزˡ
ǿû뵽Ȼĥ˵Ķ־ҿʱҾѾﵽˡʱһֱţԶˡ
ҵ˵ͷҿ˷ǳľɫѾõĵطҲģˡôʶأǿ˼ЦЦ˵Һ뿴زҾҵزòҲҵģǵҿزʱһ
ҿ˿ǿΪʲôһأǿͷһţ˵ҿǸزȻúһģһһ;òԾ
ҹЦЦ֮ʵô֪Ǹǵزأ
ǿ˵ܼ򵥣زиޣǸеʨӣֲ̫һԺܺϣʹҲܺϳҵ˵ͷ
ǿ˵Ҿ⣬ѹˡҽʱûкϵӦأҰԲҪûǿңҿ¾˯ˣҲˡ
һߵġͷ˵֪ͷȥʲôطʲôأ᲻ǿһͷɽأǿҲЦЦ˿ͷһ󣬲˵ͷûж
һ㶣ô֪ٿһȻͷſŵĵطǰûӡǡֻкղ߹ӡǡҺ֣ٿҵǰҲûӡǣҲӦûжġֿ˿ǿһ˵ֹǡͷǶû߶
ǿһ㶣ǰɣҼǵ˺ܾðôᡭһԴ˵ˣˡԪˡԪǻǣղһţԪ񶼳ϣֻҪסǵԪһˡǿ˵ͷѹô֣Դãô˵ͷǼһһֱˡҵ˵ͷ԰һûԪġǸʲôꡯķáһڿǵ֡
ҿ˿ͷͷȻ¶ЦݡҡҡͷС湻ġ߰ɣﵢ̫ʱˡǰȥͳˡ·ǰߣ·ڰɢȻֳ߷ֱ֣ûǽС
ǿ˿ңʵʦӦĸ򣿡ʼ򣺡Ҳ֪ʲô˼ѵﶼУǿ˵ͷҲˣ߰ɡǿҾֱһǽȥǽߣһ㶼ûֱͣ˽ȥû뵽˽ȥ
ǴǽҲŷ֣滹һȦǽһȻ򣺡ˣһȦļǽУѹҲ·Ҳѹǵ·ʧǽС
˳ǽһ󣬹Ȼһͨš治ͬǣǿŵġֵǵŰŰҲдĸ֣ǡֽ򡱡
üͷ˵һ㿴Ҳ򵥣ʲôֽ򡯲֪ô
ǿһţ˵Ҫ˵ǿǷ֣ıҸ֮˷ھʥָǰӷľ߰ӷ磬ҲǷаӷɷʱʮ˴Ը֮ׯϡ徻˵Ӿ˷ڿ֣࣬֡
ǿ˵̫ף˵ġ֡һ£һŰ˵ġ֡¡


ڰʮ 
ǿŷң˵߰ɣˡʲôЦЦȻҪȥϻصصǡꡯصصǡ֡˵ôáҵȻҪˡ
ǿЦЦʲô˵ģǸǻǻ㲻߰ɣһȥ
ǳУתľͷ¥ݡҸղŴǸľͷ¥Ϲȥе£ղź˼ָۣееˡǿǰ棬һһ˵İɣ㲻ٵȥˣǰûµġ˵˸ղǸҵˮ˵еˣ֪ʲôˮǿšǸˮĸӡ
ںǿһ£Ҫɣֲ֪೤ʱˣˡǿˮյ˱һ£˵ˣ治ܺȣͲˮʵʲôǿ˻ˮ˵ǾưءǺǣҿڻòϡ
ҺһһﵹǺֻ֣ôвˮȻžƣʲô˼ǿ˵ҲǸǸƹأҡҡͷԲǡ룬ǲ߻ôϸôǾƹأǿ˵ͷҲ԰ΪʲôžơѵʲôôǱд𣿡ҡҡͷûдҾһû˵ˣֻһӣҲһӣбĶɡ
˵ǵƽ̨ϡǶ˵ˣŵĿһȥǰӰأ֪ʲôǿֵ磬ǰȥһëļһվǰǸϽһ׼սϸһǸһһһ
ߵǰǸһǼһǳëҸһͷ࣬һɡҲëӣֻ۾Ǻ񡣿ΪʲôһǼһĶӣӲġ
ǿʵʲôôôëѵǡ֡ЦЦˣ˵ǳëֻУһӲģǲһ񰡣ǿҲĳëļһ˵ģӲģ۾񣬲˵ΪǻġҡҡͷСĵ㡣ǵ濴
ǿֵȥſкܶĶһĶǳëվǸ֣Ϊʲôôĳëأǿң㿴ϡҸϽͷϾȻȫͷ͹ǼܣһصһҶڵϣãҾЩģǵ̵ġ
վⶼǲģʯͷģ֪ʲôģҿ˿ߵġͷͷһνӡӦûʲôΣա
Ǽߣܵĵ涼Щ̵ͷ͹Ǽӣ߲Զһëĳë֣һǿ˵ûоòԾҵ˵ͷǲԾ˵һӦñһСһЩôʱ䣬û߳ȥ
ǿ˵ͷǰǲ·ˡ˵ʵֲߵͷתģе㲻
ǿ˵ţͻȻͣס˽Ųһʱûվסײǿϡǿ˻μָָǰ˵㿴ʲô˳ǿֵǰȥǰ洣һӰȻһɷߡͷŽڣںڵţһѪڣ¶ĸֻ׳ֱپļ⡣ϴһɫӧ硣侹Ȼһˡ
תȥſһŮˣͷҲŽڣҲǺںڵɫͬǸŮ˵ƨǸ˵ϣ˵һ𣬳ɽϵ״̬˵Ȳںܶ棬߸ߵ̧
ͻȻĵǶһ㶣ҿһ˵¾ǡ֡ɣǿһ˵ʵҲûʲôַ֮ܽеģϲ졯Ҳϲ𡯡ʵϲӡܽصϵĲشڵıڶֳݲ˼ĻϲģΪԵĽԭ򣬴ǻ۵ŮϵġϲֻĳԵıܹ࣬á˫ˡԣﵽ֮Ŀġ
ҡҡͷǷ̵ĶҿǣȻ˼࣬ǸĶǲһġúÿǵĽ¿ǲõġǿ˵ͷҲԣﲻǷãз̵Ҳľνġֻ֡ôô򵥰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷȻǻСΪϡ߰ɡ࿴档ǿ˵ͷǰȥ
ƹǸֿһë֡ܶⶫǲû⡣ֻǸëֵһֻۡһۣͻȻǸëֵ۾һ¡
һͣס˽ŲǸëֿȥǸëֺû۾ԼˡûиǿҲͣס˽Ųʵôˣ˵Ҹղź񿴵Ǹëֵ۾һ¡
ǿ˿ң˵Ϊǿǿ˼óһŷֽ˸ħֱǸëֵϡǷһڳëֵϣ߾һ죬ǰĳëַһ⡣
Һǿһֱ׼˱仯һˡڵϹһ¡վǰľ󶼱ˡ
ԭڰӰصĿռ䣬һӱܺһûʵĹҺǿһۡҵ˵ļٵģǿһһףҪˣŵľ֡ҵ˵ͷ
ʱ򣬲֪߳һŮˡһŮˡҪǣȻȫ㣬
Һǿһ㶣ôͻȻܶŲĴһȻкܶĳŮ˳ǵߡЦҺǿһӻֽţͷҲһ֪ӡ
ü˶ǿʲôƣǿȴû˵ҿ˿ǿǿȻͨ죬ͷð麹ͣĭҴ˵ǿʦôˣǿͨ죬˵һû˵ûŮԡҵ˵Ҫͦסˡ
ҵĻû䣬Ǳ߾ȻǸǣѭȥֻһǿ׳һŮ˾һǸŮ˷ǸŮ˿ĿңҪγˮҲеķȣһԭʼĳ嶯ҵɡҸеѪײʶһӲ
ʱҸеһֻֻȺҵš֪ʲôʱЩŮѾǵߡҵ߹ٽУҪҪ뿪ȴû
ֻǸеһ飬һĿ֣г֡֡


ھʮ ӽ
Ժģû¶ǵ֮һ˱ǶŮ˵֬һƢ˻
ҵ̨һҺƿߵЩŮˣҵûжһЩ͸ӵֻûѪţܶطҶƲˡȻ֪һ壬Ҿ޷԰ΡеһҲʼʧֻ֪ˣǸ
ʱ뵽е뵽ĶǺĳ档ҵڣߵЩŮƺżֺ֪ҵ뷨һԶģ֮Ǳ֮дֿɼ塣ҸоԼͻҪըˡ
һ˲䣬ͻȻ뵽ǿ֪ǿôˣûо˵ǿ±һջֻѾ֪鴦ˡ̾˿û뵽е뷨ϱȫµõĸоˡһ߿հףȥҵġ֡ˡ
֪೤ʱ䣬ͻȻһЩʼ󣬺ԶԶ˵Һ˵ʲôǾҵ̨ԽԽˡҸеҿԵϵĹˡһˣϽȫĹ
ָУҿǸ۶ʱռ̽ԿգһпӣɫգղɫɫǿգռɫԽԽԽԽҵгǿŰɫɮµǿƼ䣬ŰɫĹâ΢գдʣЩȻǺܶҲ֪ǡܶľֻû뵽ֻжٶֵľģȻ˵
ҲԾظ߱ʱһƬڰֻصԭĵطǸǳëֵĺͱùǼܵĵطǿҵߣԴҲ˿ʵǿʦôǲǡ
ǿҡͷĶЩǹö࣬񹻶Ȼʮͯӹɾˡ֡ġ֡͸ǹء
аͬʵܽҲλϲѵҲֲķʽǿҡҡͷǵģʦһǲԲġֻǹҲ֪ǺΪΪҪﵽһĳ̶ȲſԵġ
ЦЦղŲǾ͵ڲ˻ϲϣΪԸһ㡣ǿЦЦǰʧ֪ǸҲĿԸһ㡣ҿ˿ߵġͷһﾹȻſ˵ϣһӡ˯˯ġ
Ҷǿ˵㿴ͷЩðǿЦЦͲ֮УҲֻ֮ࡣûԪǣЩ˵û壬ôܹƻأ̾˿ҪһĶͺˡ
ǿվеģ߰ɣҲ군ˡҲվȴֽЩú͹Ǽɵĵ澹Ȼʼѣռ俪ʼҡǿܣ֪ʲô顣
ѷԽԽ֮࣬ϴмҲǻͷۿǵҲʼѣϵƬ֮Ǻ¡һ˵ϡһ̡µĵҲȥЩë֣ϵëȥǷ֣Щë־Ȼһû·ŮǸղΧǵЩŮˡ
ǿЦһû뵽ɣЩЩһģٺ١˵䣬ЩŮһĹǼܣҲ̮˵ϣ͵ϵЩһʧˡ
ǰһжûСǾվռм䣬ǰ治ԶĵطȽյš
ǿЦЦʵҸղˣ˵ġҿ˿ǿʲô˵ģǿ˵룬ŷǽȥ֮󣬾Ҫ֪֮Լʲô˵ǿǰ֪ǲһأ
룬˵Ҳ԰Ǿǰ֪ˣҲõǵ˼һҲû˵ȥһԼҵʦأҲ֪ڼˡֿ̧˿ֱŷֱѾͣˡ
ҿ˿ǿǿƲƲͣҸʲôûֱ㿴ֻˡóֻ˿ֻϵʱǽʱʱ䡣һƣ⼸κһЩʱʱ񶼲Ǻܹáѵɺ
ǿһ£Щʲôãѵڳȥʦȥ߰ɡߵǵǰһ£Ӧ򿪵дһζ
ҿŵڲ࣬дĸ֡ӽ򡱡ǿüͷ˵ѵأʼ򣺡̶ѨҲҪô߰ɡ
߽Сת¥ݡǿǰţ˵ûвЩ¥жٵţЦЦ˵ǰĶһÿ㶼Ƕʮ˼̨סһҾͲ֪ˡЩ̨׵ĸ߶Ⱥбȣһ׸ߡһ׸ߡ
ǿ˵治ѧģ˼ǹϸġҲЩ̨ףҾûҪĸ߶ȡ
˵ܼ򵥣ûʲôɣˣǶʮ˼̨ˣһġߵƽ̨ϡ
վƽ̨ıϣ֪ﴵһ磬ģҲһսǿֵԶȥֵ⣬ڰˡٿ£ϡֵ࣬£Źâýһ£ɫġ֪᲻ݽȥ
Һǿһۣǿ˵߰ɣҵ˵ͷҪǰ棬ǿȴóȣ˵ǰ棬ҵȻ̽·˵żҵǰ档һůĸǿĺ档
߽ӣȥЩġζأʱĹǰƮÿϼͻһЩСˮ̶ˮ̶еˮɫڣ֪ǳЩʲôǿֵһˮ̶һ£ˮЩˮݣֺͷһĶˮŤš
ǲ֪ʲôҲȥֻܼǰߡ˺һӣһţǳһŵġǸͷǿһߣһ˵ԾҲûͷȥᱻġ
ʱǲԶĵطͻȻ˻⡣ɫĻ⣬ٻɫĻ⡣ΧӰصġǿ˵ǹȥ
ҵ˵ͷҲãȥʲôŹ֡
Ǽӿ˽ŲǸлĵطȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ǻɾǺԶûһľ롣
ͣ˽ŲҸ˵ͻȻһֳһŻ⡣


ھʮһ ˮеĴ
ǿһֳһû䣬ԶĹϵͬһʱֳ˼⡣ǲһ£һߴ⣬Χ˵С
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룺ǸղŸǸߣôãҲûпһ㣬֮ǰҼһַسɴ硯ӣôҲ߲ǿʵǺôƵǸʼ򣺡ǻŷͺˡǿЦЦͻŷɡ
ҡҡͷðɣղŻŷͱˡ˹Ļ᲻ử˷ֱɱӡǿ˵ͷҲɡô죿
ҿ˿ǿͳһŷֽ滭һšаԥһ£һŻѵķ˳ȥаֱֱķ˳ȥʧںڰСһǿʵ˻ǲ˰ҡҡͷ֪Ǳ߰ɡ
ǸҪߣͻȻ治֪ΪʲôŨŨ˵㿴˵ŷɣ㿴ֳˡǿһңߣٻܿЩ⡣Żķȥֻ͸е·ҵһһݵСһæȣһǰ㣬ϰҲǰȥ
ұڵϳһ£ǿǰƺҵУҲβϽջֱ֣ˤСŪȫˮǱǿعͷˤˣϽܹҲ뵽СſڵϣϽȥֻһ໥ѶԷ
Ҫѳʱ֮ͻȻ֮Ҳˡͬʱ³ȥҵһӰˮϣһζǶҲ˳ϽסҼǵھУʱܹҰѵһھǹ飬潲УҪסԼ͵ԼˮУҪסֽŲҪҵţͻĸ
ȻתϢúĻͻԽԽԶˡҸϽáͨǿ˵£͵Լˮˡסġǿ˵ǰɣɲúҲеġ˵ϻҲڱȻһҲ
ʱҸежںҵĿȣ֪ǡͷǡͷֲ̫ʵֻһ£ҵĿȾˡҺߡͷȣҧƤҵİˮУŲֻ͡ƴػԼϣͷҵ˼
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ǿҲϣڵĴϢţˮϷˮľ㡣繻ˣ˵ࡣҲ˼ڣеˮ˵ǰʲôرĳ߰ɡǿ˵аܶģһվֻݽȥġ
ҿ˿һȥġͷ˵㿴ǼһͿˡСiваǿ˵ҲӦаɣĵһξǸɽҴ˵ǻʲô߰ɡһʩչiһƻȥǿںҲظϡ
ͷҲߣһĸǡȻǵٶȼӿ죬ҲݵСһֱŻķܡһҲڽӽǶܸˣͻȻǰһƬˮ棬Ǻͻ֮䡣
Ҳȷˮжͣˮϣ¶˶壬ӲģзĲ١ǿҲͣߣҲŵ棬е˵ӲģƬˮôҿ˿Ļ⣬ǿ˵᲻Ӿ
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ǿˮ棬˵ûʲôǲ̫ˣ
ҺһʲôɽŵģѾô㣬ʲôղжҲܵĵطȥˡǿüͷᶯģǿҪСˡǿ䡣ֵĹ⻮ĵطиˮСǾȻһŴ
ǶǵһŴôֻϸ۾ıǿϷţͣ΢šˮеţ֪ʲôϸĿˮеĴȻˡ
ǿζֵ磺ףܵȥˣͻȻͷǰȥҿšͷԭŴڡͷǰ档ҲšͷŴȥǽ³һӣһһˤˮС
ҸеҵǰжһץֻеץһĶʱǿˮ棬Ҳû֣ǸĶҲˮ档ǿ󾪽һ۾һˮľȻŴ
ŴҵǰǸӡָҾöġһ˦֣ѴӻˮСǿĽһæͷֻǿϱɫͷһĶסˡʲôǻûҷӦҲжסˡ
ץסǶǶָҲͷ࣬ˮġץסֻеһɼˮȥһӾͰҴˮУˮһǣˡͷϣҲǺɫĶ
ҸϽתϢˮеɴ۾ͬʱץסǺɫĺͷһĶҸеһй⣬ӦǿڵĵطҷǱ߹ȥǶʵ̫ˣһֱǰš
ͻȻҸеǶǰˡŴֳҵǰҲеǿҵߡСͷҵֿţϽóˡҫʡ߶ʮһݺݵŴȥ
ֻеҫʡһĶ档ǵεʱ򣬡ҫʡȴʲôҧסˣ˵ʲôҲβˡ
ΣǺͷһĶزסҡ
ǶȴԽԽ


ھʮ 쳣
ʱҵǲԼҸǿѾתϢԲúǿ±ﲻôʱ䡣áͨǿǿôǿ˵аⶫĺýѲô
˵ҵġҫʡ嵽ˣǲ֪Ϊʲôסˣòǿ˵취ɣұﲻ˶೤ʱġҲ֪ץšҫʡǡҫʡǰβһҧˮз˸һ̤ڡҫʡŵĵطΡ
һһӰ˳һĺˮҲ³ǿšҫʡݺݵȥ
һаܸֱ嵽֣ҫʡ˽ȥҸеϵĺͷһĶһ£ˡҸϽһ˳һŵ棬վһߣһǿһšͷһˮ档ֻش
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صˮУȥæȴеˮһҵĲʰǿֵ磬һ£ֻ֪ܲʲôʱ򣬲ִкܶˮΧۡһؽеǿսܡ
ǿȣˮһ֣дУʨӡһˮȥһ죬ˮը˻ٵĴķɳˮ棬˰աǿᶯȣеЩȥֻֻϣǿȴЩ졣
ЩǿУȻǿϡ˲ǿȾͱһȫ١ǿնȣЩ˦Щεճ棬˦ѡǺͷһĶģͷǿסǿӶˡ
֪ǿУǿҲֵġҸϽܹȥǿץȥĴ˺ǲ֪Щʲôģճ档һû˺һŴͻȻſ˴죬ҵҧ
һֶ㿪˴졣һֻϵġҫʡݺݵĳŴϡǸӣһŪʪ˵ֽϡŴȻ۾ݺݵĿҡһ۾еĴ۾ֵ£Щ۾Źâͷ顣
ǿץȣţ쵰ȻҵȡҸƴˡٿͷǱߣͷЩͷһĶĴĿҧţЩ׷ң塣ͷŪЩ˿ͿԼĲȥˡ
һסˡҲԹۡϽˡҫʡ˶һСβ֡סǿȵЩ˿ȥһЩ˿һӼˡǿڽһˤڵϡ
ֽ̤ǣˡͷߣһСβ֡˲šͷĺ˿ͷ˻ҲӺ˿ѳҴһܣսˡ
һһǲ뿪ͷǰһܣһҧסһŴһ˦ͷ˺һϵ⡣ھȥ
ΧĴԽԽ࣬ͳ˷䣬룬һšһ㣬һ
һʱ򣬵һҰһ֣ѡȥǡһˮУˮȻı㡣ڱϡһһˤڱϡ͸͸ı档һŵĴ棬Ŵ۾Ҳڿǡ
ǿǲģȾҪҿ档һǿе߰ɡǿ˸ֻøŻķܡſǿ滹дһܣһָϵĴǿ⣬һܣһڱϿĴšϵĴȻɭЦ
ͷ˹ȥһҿСЩҧȥʱ򡰺ЧʼҪȥˣµıҲҸϽߴһܡڱ滯֮ǰ˰ߡͷˮ沢ǲ֪ΪʲôôԶ
ǰŻ⡣ƽվôһŻ𡣲֪ʲôȼġ׼ƿŻ𣬿ߣŻҲߣŻҲҡҪǵǰ档ǿһŻȥŻ⾹ȻɵĶ㿪ǿƺúܿ꣬Ļ磬ŻȥҺ֣ǿƽʱӵġ
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ǿ˲˵ô£ΪʲôˣΪʲôþƹңҰ˵һ顣ǿԴʵʲôоǿ˿˵ʲôоҪ˾ͺˡ
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ͷȻɶŻҧҺǿ໥һۣһ֣򡰲ͷͷǿˡͷĺȣѡͷץͷҵôҧҧڡͷԴһ¡ͷĸˡҧҧڡͷԴϺݺݵһ¡ͷŲˡ
ǿҡҡͷ㿴Ҫ϶£ʹһ¾ͺ𣡡
ҰǿһۣϻˣϽưɣ


ھʮ ʬֽ
ǿסͷȣšͷĴ졣ҸϽˮͷһٹࡣʱͷȣʼϷĭǸϽɿͷͷſڵϣڴڵţղµĲִҲ˳
ҿһģ󡰲ͷ³˺ܶĺĶſڵϡڵĴǿҲһƨڵϣֱסԼȣô£ղź˷ܵģҲܼں۰ҿ˿һ˵ˮ⣬Щ⡣ûŵܳ𣿡
ͷſһվ˻Դӻָ١ͷԴõ𣿡ͷԴ˲ҵ֡ҵ˵ͷǿԴõ𣿡ǿ۵һЦ˳ҵ֣˵еûˡ߰ɣ
ҿǿЦЦ㣡ʲôʱǶöеѹɣպϳԵɡǿҡҡͷ⣬Ƕܸɵģûˮ㲻ûҭģǿߣȥܸϳ
ߵŻǰֵŻŲһϨˡƹŻǰһֱߣһֻߵһǽıϡͻȻߵľһӶˡղŵ󲻼ˣǾ棬ǽ涼ľ塣ǽ͵ƣƵĻ⣬ҡšǹճģûа취͸ڰҿ˿յơǿץץͷʵ˵ǸղſĻǲǾ߸ҵ˵ͷпܡ߰ɣ˳ǽңͻҵˡ
һֱ˳ǽҵһšǽյģǿҪƣסˣָָǵ˵һ£㿴ţ֮ǰĶǺɫģúÿšǿֵһ£԰ɫûע⣬ʲôأ
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ҿ˵ܸɰ֪ʲôطǿȣһһӰŶˡǸɸɵĳ˧߽ȥŲڵ΢һ㣬һɻҡҸϽ˽ŲԺǿ͡ͷ˵һ㣬ܸɻкܶĻҳ
Ļع˿ź֡һֵ֣ǡ򡱣ǰ֣ʬ֡߶ţʬֽ򣿡
֮ǰûнӴ˼ʱǿߵҵߣ˵ʲôָָű˵Լ
ǿ˿˵Ŷʬֽе˼
ʵӣ֪ʲôǡʬ֡
ǿ˵ͷ˵νġʬ֡ҲǷе˵õġνʬ֡νģʬ֮ɮĹء顤Тдл꡷ֱ֮֮ҰɮʬuַԸӦһо塷ʮˣʬʬǣƺ֡ҺҲǲ࡭ָʬ֮ʬߣȡ
˵秵˵һѣ˵ʬ֡ʬ֮أǰרָɮ˵ģھʲô˶пˣ
ǿ˵ͷԣ˼ڵУʬ֡Сʬġνġʬǡʬ֡ϴʬʬֳֻơĹʬֳơ򡮶ﲨǱʤֽռĸĲһǻڻƿϷʤֽաԼڡʤֽաߡĸƿ·ʬֻ˵ߴʤ±𷢳ˡ󣬾һ顣ʱʤ³»ʬ󡣸֪κϲ޳ִ֮ţֻ֮ࡣʬչʾ˵һܰ׹ǣǷԺ㳣ִţѰǻѰѴʬΪƹʬ֮ƹ֮а˴ΪʬĴŰ֡ҵ֡溮֣Ϸ֡Ц֡ϼ麮֡İֺ౺֡˴ʬֿǼΪʥģΪǿ¸ĸľۻʬر𻤳ֶʬе徻߼ȸĸߡʬʬأķεͷǳǣǳʬùӵʬ򸾡ʬ򸾵ΪηѪιǼܣֱֵ̤ϵĺݺͱ棬״ʬԣͷǰģʢ¶ĸ°ǻۡöαһϤسɾ͡
ҵ˵ͷǿ˵ǹϸˡ˵˵˼ʬеƽʱ˵
ǿ˵ͷеǸ˼ܽƹ񡣡ҵ˵ͷĽˡ֪ʲô
ǿЦЦʲô˼ǸϽȥˡҸҪתͻȻڡʬֵֽ棬мС֡Ҷǿ˵㿴ﻹС֣ʲôǿŲֵ磬ſǡ˵硱
ץץͷĸеԼ֪ʶе㲻ˡֲǺסǿ˵ǡ˵硯ô֮ǰľǡ硯ˡֲĶô֣ûһӡػ߲ҵģӦǴӸѡġڿʼǡ˵硯Ȼʼ
ʵ˲ǴΪʲôʼأǿһţ˵ĶȻΪǴʼġ˵ԭһѭĹ̡Ҳûʲôʼͽġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ģ˵ĺе߰ɣȥɡ
ǿ˵ͷ͡ͷ˽Ųתµ¥ݣšʹŲᣬǼĻҳҺǿס˿ڱǡͷܵǰ档̨׵棬Һǿֻߣû棬Ҿ͸еƽʲôڻζӰӰ̵ģͿҶǿ˵ǰʲôҿʲô
ǿֵ˼£˵Сʬֵ֡ӡ
Сĵ˼̨ףڿЩȻһ˵ĹǼܣ֪ʲôﶥϣĻζšڰԶԶĺһ
ǸǼܣֵҰ׵Ĺ£ԵĸҲҰףеۡҶ˶ȻǿĽ֪ͣ˼Ҳ׼ῴĶĿˣǾӾʵ̫ǿˡ
ҿͷǰĹǼʲôϽܹȥ˿ͷŵĶһЩɱںڵĶʲôҶ壬áҫʡزһ¡ǿҵǲ


ھʮ ʬ
ҿ˿Ȼʵȷʵ⵽ʲôǿ˵࣬ġΡƢΡһ£վͷˣ
ͷ˿ң˿һСĵǰȥЩʬǹҵĺܣҪײʬǱСġҪע£ȵЩڷŵࡣ
һСĵţһ߶ǿ˵ѵǰԺ󣬾ᷨǿ˵ͷȷʵһˣܽг˺ܶᷨᣬˮᣬᣬȵȡ
Ҳ˵һЩνǰ֫ˣιϵӥաʵΪʲôأΪʲôҪЩιӥأ
ǿ˵͡ʬҲйϵ˵ĸԵĹϵʬӻرڣ޳ֿȸĸ߻رػ
Ҹ֪ǿ˵ʲôʵ˼ǿ˵˵ЩӥǿĸĻЩ˵ĹⶼϣЩ˴硣Ḷ́кܶĲ裬Ǽ򵥵İһӾˣҪרŵʦȥ˱̨Ȼģ֮õʬϿÿһλöй涨ģһһҪӱµֱ֫ˣٻЩӥգЩӥճѪ⣬ٰѹǺ飬͡ӥհѹͷҲԵٰҲͳιӥգͷǻȥ
ǿ˵ƽһ㶼ƽĵطĴʬЩֲ飬ëȻͷҲһνӡҸļһҪ񾭡
һǰһҲһĶǿ˵˵㿴;˵һС˹ǷǡǱ߿ȥȻһССķǡ˹ǴɵģǾ¡ֻһ˶ߣǵһšҲ˹Ǵɵġ
վ￴˿ʵҪǸ˹Ƿǡ𣿡ǿȷʵһ˷ܣ˵ȻȻҪȥٿֻͨ·ĵطҲ߲˰ϸһȻǵ˹ΧǽҪƹȥҪߺԶҿǿӣȥǲܵġ
Ц˵˵ǡءȥź𣿡ǿ˻Դȥΰһ£ûʲôɡ㣬õʬıӣܹõඥǿʤˡԱ㷢ơ
ҡҡͷҵǮˣҲҪˡЩ͹ˡһû˼ҲôϲǶ
ǿЦЦöư㲻ҪԾȥҪ˰һ¡
ǰȥһֱߵˡ˹ǷǡĴǰŲߣǱſԡƶһ´ţǴ˹Ƴɵģȥġҵ̲סһ¡ͷһͷײ˴ţҡڵ˽ȥҺǿҲ˽ȥ
˵Ƿǣҿһ䡣ĴǹƷá˼Ϳһ̨ǺǺһһ㣬һСһ㡣СһͷϻͷƮ󡣿ԿǸŮˡرǣǺۿУ飬ͷϵͷǹǲˣ¶ԡ
ҸеһٿǺֱ۶ţźһĶƺʢʲôҺ塣
ǿͨһ˵ϡֺʮһξģֿ˼ͷվ˵ǡʬޣҲĸͷɡ
ҵνʵõʲôǿ˵Ǿ˵ͷǹƳɵĶ°롣ʵе˹Ʒ°õġ°룬ӦԼͷǡ
ͷ˵ϣĬǹݣԼͷǹǺȾƣƾһ㣬ǾֵҸǿĸͷ˵ҿһͷȴҵ󣬴һСóǿҲһæתǿһžȵ
ʵôˣ
ǿָָǰġʬȴ˵ٻͷ˿Ǹʬȴԭǰġʬ֪ôŪãȻƵһߡ㿪ҡ
һ㶣վǿ˵ʲô˼ǿŴͣҡҡͷҲ֪ûпôġͷ
ţ򵹵ϡȴеһֵҹȥҸ֣ǰġʬͻȻ֣תһ¡
۾Уû޶˵תһ£ĺֲܿȴһֵָĸоǾǡС
Һָоҷ֮ǰûʲôʬûôֻĸоġУ˫תһ£Ǻϣֻûжš°־Ȼ˹
ҾȵĿţֻ֣һֻûѪɭ׵Ĺͷ֣ҿؽڶĸ°ͣ°͵ǹֵذңҶáǿҲûжֻٵĺƺҲܽš
ʱƺˣֻĿֻ֣ҿԼȴˣܶҲ˵ַֻŵҵͷϡұ۾Ҳ֪ʲôȴҡȴоֻǹҺҲԸоֵֻûж⡣
ֻҵͷصһ󡣲ÿסҵֵҲˡҾŸոҵġʬڿһȰĳôηҲе쳣С
һʱռ侲ĵģûһ˿ðΣǿ˵ղţΪ㡮ඥãҡҡͷûб˭Ҳ֪ඥʲôӵġȻǿ˵ˣûдġǡʬΪʲôҪҹඥأ
ͻȻһǸнʸУһΪඥǶļӳ֣Ϊףϣ硣Ϊǡߡ
һ㶣ҿԷǳ϶˵Ǵǰġʬ洫ˡҶԡʬ˵˵ڶ˵𣿡
ǰġʬ򢶯ţ˵Ȼѵ㲻֪Լǡߡһع˵˵һΪֻû뵽
ʬ˵ǰһֱزȥˡڻȥҲûʲô˼ѾһƬҡֻܹܺƬ飬飬Ҫˡ
ǿѾˣžġһϡ
ʬǿһۣ򢶯˶Ҳ֪ʲô飬ʲô˼û˵ʲôʵôأ
ʬ̾˿˵˵ɾͳˡ


ھʮ н
Ƕϴ̬ʬ˻֣֪ɹ˹Ƴɵӡǵ棬ĺʬ˵ǼλɮʬƳɵģӷġǿæţӷ
ʬ˵ǽʱһЩڻ˰ɣǵ˵ͷʬ˵ʱң໥ᣬҲǴսŪùû˭ֹˡɽЩ֪£ɳһǿˡ顣
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǱڻǸźˣʬ˵ͷʵǵյġҾеԭǺడֲù
ʬ˵š϶ھԡԽ磬硣һǬӴƽˣսҡµƶȣʵˡʮޡƶȡҰѡĽ磬޽һʮĸҲǡʱ˵ˣֻҪнڣͻᱣ֤ƽӴҲٵڸĶѡˡػߡػвٴαһЩĵļһ﹥ֻҪõֻͿưԣǴûʧֹҲ˵ûʲôõֻˡҲҪֻ򡮵ڤҪ¡һ̴ĵضɽҡ춯ءǼʮ죬Щڤʵ̫ˣҡķҲܸǿۿǾҪʧˡš϶ھԡˡǡȴ˵˵˲Ҫȹ硣֪ûа취εˡһˮ֣Ӧҵֻˡ֪²ܻȥ
ҵ˵ͷʵ֮ôأʬҡҡͷʵҲ֪ĺµġڤӦøˡϴεսһҪҡ
ʵǺɽΪʲôȥأʬҡҡͷ̾˿ʵ֮Ǻܸӵģ˵ɽҪߵģʵǲ׼ɽɣģȻĻɽǿͳһ硣ǸһܡָۡɣڶȴԼģصɽҲܵ˴ΪŶҡۡҲЩɲȥ顣ЩɵǲڹЩˡ
üͷˣҲܹЩ顣ʬҡҡͷǲģǡԼȹ˽磬ܵչꡣȥ޿ɺǡһ˵δؾˡ
һ㶣Ҳˣʲôʬ˵˲һģһȻΪˣǰһδˡҸʣǰʲôǡʬҡҡͷǼй¶ڻܸ㣬Բ㡣ȵ֪һ죬Ȼ֪
ֻð˵Ļʵ˶ǿСֹţֲҵġ顷Ȼ鲻һǰԭΪҵġ顷ʲô⡣
ʬ˵ˣҲϢˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣǿˡɴȥкܶĥѣϣǿõֻ
Ȼ˼Ҳ˵ʲôˡǿʩһԡʬ˵ɲҲҹඥأҺ롭
ʬҡҡͷûãûáҲûбҪ߰ɡ߰ɡǿһĲ⣬ֻҡҡͷȥ
˼ڵġ˹ǷǡͻȻˣʬǷ޶ˡҷվһԲȦУԲȦзȥߣĿռֳ˰˸֡
ҿ˿˵ǲͨ˴ֵ·ǿ˵ͷ㱻ʬ˶֮󣬹Ȼˣ֪ˡץץԴҲֻ֡ڶδԣѵΪ˶Եʣ
ȴ֪ߣǿ˵Ӧĸأʱ洫һһֱͻȻǵ棬ǵϷšǿЦˣٺ٣̫˿ĸҾ֪ˡǸɣ
Ǹֻȥ˲ǽǽǽյľţǿЦЦ㿴пĸ·ûɣ
ҵ˵ͷǰȻһľɫеˣ˵ʵҾһܰġǿе㲻ˣҡͷ˵ҾǲףΪʲôʬϸҹඥأ
ҿеʧǿ˵ҲΪԼˣԾͲùඥˡǿ˿ңЦЦǺǣҲ˵öԣҲʬ⣬ûа취ѡǿͶˣСͬ־Ҫ˼·԰Ŵ򿪰ɡ
ǿЦЦġ˵ľţľŵģǿ̫󣬲ȥסǿ
߽УҽĿ˿űдšн򡱡
ҿ˿ǿн򣬲ǽľˮ֪ʲôأǿ˾˵֮ԴȻ޾ı仯ҿһ㲻򵥡ЦЦһ㶼򵥡߰ɡ
ݣҷǿеֵе䰵ˡ֪ĵصˡǲüӿ˽Ųֱ¥ݵľͷͻȻһ⣬ϼֵĹâһ̽Űѽŷŵ˵ϣоһ¡澹ȻǽģʸеĽվǿ˵ǽģӲġǿ͡ͷҲˣš
ͻȻǰĵ¡һ顣ͣס˽Ųؿš֪ʲô״ʼǸط¡ͻȻٶȼӿˡ͵ظ߸¡𣬾Ȼһè״ԣǴèǱӰĸѾĿ˳
һһͲöԸҿ˿ǿ׼֡ͷѾȥǱӻȫֽͭҶһҲӭšͷȥڰͷһָͦ˼֡ǵͷˡɫķɱ͵ػͷ򡰲ͷĲҧȥ
ͷûȥҧֻӣһǰצ˱ӵͷϡӱĴӰˤ˵ϣһ
ǱӺ𡣻ӶĴβͣеġͷȥͷŸղ˱ӵԴϵ˲١Ŷ㿪ǱӵĴβ͡
һǿ˵ȥæǿһеȣ˹ȥҲֻӣغһ׿ˡͷ˹


ھʮ ս
ǿһ㵽һߣһȴ˱ӵĲ棬һĴ죬õҶĤۡǱӸûиı䷽ɾֱҲһһóˡҫʡ
ǿһȴĶأֻͭģһ㶼û˵⡰ҫʡҲ˲ֻȡǿһ֣ҫʡһӱ䳤ˣֱȡӵ۾
ǱӲ㲻ܣҵġҫʡϡһ죬Ǳӵ۾ҲǽģҵġҫʡҲ˲һ㶣Ǳ˵ߵĵϣͻȻһӾȻûˡ
ǿһۣ˻˵ֶˣǼһȥˣܿţüͷ֪ղ˵ͲˡҵĻߵĵһ¡ǸͻȻߡһ㶣ûŪô¡ֻһҧ
һ㿪˱ӵ͡һС˫ֻס˱ӵ͡ӵͷһߣǰצץһƱӵͷŷײȥǱӲģ˹һˣһʹһСְԡһɫİԳڰУֱǱȥ
ƺ֪ԭƲġһײ˰ϡһڰбƷصˤ˵ϡһˣΪסǱӣû뵽ǱһӵȻʲô鶼ûС
ǰһһСְԡӴȥǱӷ壬һֲˣֻʣ¹羵ĵ档ҴĽеֻԭǳ棬ʱܽȥҲʱ֣Сġ
ͷҵķܹͻȻֻӳ֮䡣ͷһæվסǵﻬͷվסһͷײ˱ӵϡ˵һͷԴͱӵһܽӴǡͷԴôӲǱײ˺üҡһ£
ǿһһ֣һӡнеƿӡһǽӴȥӱ޿ɱܣһӱײ÷˳ȥصˤ˵ϣʧˡ
Ѹٵľ۵һ𣬱վţĿܡһ߿һ߶ǿ˵һﲻöԸֻܰ򵹣ȴ˲ʧڵϡô죿ǿûлͷ˵ǿôˡɣ
ǿôһ˵ҵҼǵÿҵᵽν˵ĵȻ򵥣һڿƺΪáҼǵ˱ģľľˮˮ˻𣬻˽ǽ󣬿¾Ҫûˡ
ֵڴó˼ŷֽȻһšݸǿǿһ㶣ʲôҪû𣿡˵ţһյ㣬ɡǿЦһҡҡͷĻͦϸ
˵ţֳֻǵǰһ׶ӣҡƺҪȤֺԼʳǵĸоͺèǾһٳԵ֮ǰŪǡҺָоָĬھһһɫġζ𡱴ҵָɳ
ǱӸͲںֻǲĿǵ⣬˵ʲô̻УҺûʲôðɣ
һɫĻѾɵ˱ӵϣǵذɫĻһմӵϣڵһӻǱҲû뵽⾹ȻȼôĻ𡣱ӻš֫ôڵϣײ
ǿһЦЦǵģ֪ġζôãͲôˡҰǿһۣ˰ɣΪô𣿺ܺúķѹġȻܿ˽𣬿˱Ҳ˵Ϩ𣬱ؼۡŻǲǿ㲻ûᱻɵġڸ˻̫ˡ
ҵĻû䣬ǱߵҲˡʧˣӦڽ˵浱СǿеãһҪܡҡҡͷһһܵˣǡζ𡯲ô׾Ϩˡ
ǿ˵ͷĿܡͻȻߵĵȻˣӻǻ͵شӵ˳Ŵ죬ҧ
һСβݺݵ˱ӵϣӱߵķ˳ȥˤڵϡһմϵĻҲȼʱռ䶼ȼֻȷǺܡ
Ǹ޴ɶ㣬ҸղŻġǿšסԼšֻҲ޴ɶ㣬ڻϴŽǿĺСȴڻεεĽˮԽԽС
ǿ̾û뵽ġζôȻôĻ𡣡˵ζ𡯿ǿĻˡǺģ統ж˵ǰλĹҵĻңҪǸַģһһӾͻˡ
ǿе㵣ģô᲻յҡҡͷӦòɣҵĻֻǶԸġ𡯵ġǿָŻеı˵㿴඼ˡ
ҲԼġζ𡯺⣬ЧԼû뵽ġ
մմϲ֪ΪʲôͻȻιһ磬ƻƸӸǡһҲе㵣ѡˡȻռ䱩꽽ڴ֮ϣ˻˻žðˮһʱռ䱻ˮˡ϶ˮɣá
ǿͷϵĺˮԹǸʲô⸣ɣãܰЦЦǺܺãϢ
ԽԽ󣬲֪ʲôʱǰһ档ǺһƽĽֻòıҲ֪ȥˡ
ˮ羵ģжǿ˿˵ʲô˼𡯽ˣáˮˣ
ҵ˵ͷ˿ǰˮ档ֿ˿ǿ˵Ҫȥ𣿡ǿ˵Ҳȷҿɲ֪ˮʲôŵǹ˵ġ˵Ҳǣˮ黹ɣȥʲô˵ǿ˵ͷҲãСĵ㡣
õ϶ĶתˡϢ߽ˮСû뵽ֻһһ̤գˮֱûҡ治֪жҶ˶񣬰ͷ¶ˮ档򰶱ߵǿ͡ͷ˿˵ˮ̽װǿĽеСĵ㡣ҵ˵ͷͷǰȥ
˲ԶͻȻˮжܿ˿ûʲôҳˮУˮҲ峺ԿȥԶˮҲûʲô˵ˮж⵹ˣһƬȷʵе㲻ѰǶһʲôط׼ͻȻһ¹ҡ
Ҵʮֵľˮš
ǸոγȥԶʲôˮнҸϽͣԭأˮ档ͻȻҿҲԶĵطˮתγһ޴С


ھʮ 
ˣ㿪Сǿ͡ͷվڰҲˣǿĽеж¬Сġһ˻֣֪ҿˡҵֻûз¡ˮиһ
ҶһһһŽǵͷ­һŴ죬һ߳ıǿףڱӡһ˫۾ŹâҡӣͺͷһһġˮоȻ
ȻԲúҿɲ֪ˮܴܲǶһͷ͵سˮСҸϽȥҲ˼ףǸͷֳˣѾҺˮм䡣
ҸϽóˡҫʡ׼Ըֻǿͷȴûп֪һ᲻ͻȻְҲסأ
ţǸһﾹȻһܣԾˮ档һ׼㿪ǿ壬ЦΪǼһ徹Ȼ塣ɫģһ׶೤Ǹͷֱ䣬ǻ
ǼһĶһ㶼Ѿ˹ҸϽ뵽ˮУ㿪ǼһһˡҳˮУҲˮУˮвŷ֣Ǽһֻ۾Ȼᷢ⣬ֵֻͲһ
ҵҿǶ壬ֻܿ⡣ͻȻҿٵĿ֪ǼһҽˡˮУţ޷ʩչĿ
˲ͽˣһȣ֮䣬ǼһıӡһţҵһӰҶȥԶ֪Ҿ밶ԽԽԶˡ
ҵ廹ûͦȣǸһֳ˹Ұѹ˶ϣˮһơһףһȥкáҸϽ˶ˮƶ򰶱ȥǸͷļһҲɿںҡ
Ȼҵٶȿ˺ܶ࣬Ǽһٶȸ졣ֻǼѾ׷ˡ֪Ҿ밶ѾԶˣһҧǿ˹ˮһơϴȥһֱܳˮ档лͷһ֪밶߻еġȥǻˮУڰϡ
һˮУҸûлǸͷĹʱһֱվڰߵǿһУ¬סҲ֪ҽסʲô鼱֮Ҳûʱϸ룬һץоԼץסһһĶ
ϴһһӰߡ䵽˰ߣڵϹһȦվУȻһӡǿһſӣһŴӡҲĿǿǿ˵֣ҵĿ
ҸϽ֣û뵽ǿȻĿҲĿžҡ
ǿһϵſһ˵ʲôǻû˵ˮһ죬ǼһﾹȻҲ˳ֱ˹ǿһеһ̫ƴˣȻˡһˣˮҶԸ˰ϿɾͲ˵ˡ
Ǽһֱ˵м䡣һߡͷһǼһҧȥǼһȻڰϣҲһ˦βͣ㿪ˡͷĴ졣һͷ򡰲ͷҧȥͷżһ߶㿪ˡ
ǿһȣǼһͷϴȥǼһһԴӭǿȡһ죬ǿȱ˳ȥǼһһ˦βͣȥһϽ̤ԲеġҫʡȻ䳤Ǽһȥ
ͷ㣬һβͣҵġҫʡˮԶһ㡣ˮ֮䡣Ƿˮתڱֹˮˡ
ǿҲҵ˼ҵߣǲվţͷ㡣ͷƵõͺţܵУרġ
ͷƺüˣҲһСֱǳ˹ǿһӡеƿӡһɾ޴ͷײȥҲһһС߶ͷȥ
һûߵ˿մΪͷ㱻ǿӡ˳ȥǼһ˼һβֵͣͷ׼ʱһҧͷβϡͷ۵һ˦β͡ѡͷ˦˳ȥβҲͷӲĳһ顣
ûᣬҺǿһһֳȥͷʹһһŴĴҧһʱǵܿˡһ֣ҫʡøͷȥ
ͷҧžȻһҧסˡҫʡһϽʩչiͷһܣҫʡİѡͷ㡱סˡȻͷ㻹ǷΧСࡣ
ͷһǼһﱻסˣȥҪҧǿϽסˡͷ𣬱𡣱ҧͷ˿ǿͣס˽ŲƺʣΪʲôҧǿƺҲˡͷ˵򵥣ҲʲôŹɡ
ҵûʲôνҲ֪ͷʲôҶǿ˵֪ʲôһﵽʲô
ǿ˵Ҫûģһֽ㡯ͷǽ֮Ķ˵ŲűɵġŵЩ㡣֮ǲֱӱģҪһǻǷŹɣҲԺĿԱ
ʱѾˣǿͰ͵ĿǣҲ˵Ļҿ˿㣬˵ҲãɡҪǴȥǿ㣬ĬĬĵ˵ͷЦЦһ֣ˡҫʡ
ˮУˮ¶ͷҲˮУץ壬һβͣ˹ȥϰٻͷ𣬿ƬˮѾˡ
ǿҡҡͷûòʡˡ˵֪һǲĻ᲻ỹʶǰǿҡҡͷ˭֪Ҳûʲôɣ
ǸǰߣͻȻǰĵϳһѡͣס˽ŲǸѡǵǰԽԽߣֱа׸ߣͣסˣˡ
Ƕ֣֪ô¡ǻûףͻȻܳ˺ܶСѡǸСһٵֱҸߣҲͣסˡеѶƺõһһ
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ͻȻǵѰԴһֻɫĳӴ˳ǳȭͷСͨӾһ׳档ţֲϵгӴʱ˺ѹѹһƬ
ҸеͷƤе㷢顣ԴڶЩһĹ֮󡣴һĶҵǲ¡ڿȺӵĶŻе־塣
ǿ˵鷳ˣôĶô죿Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ҲͷƤ顣Ҫܰɡ
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ھʮ ԭ
ҲеһļŵһĭǿҲСʵеһ󣿡˵⻹¡ǿ˵ʲôԿϽİɡЩŶˡ
ҲͬУҲûʲô취ϣϿûзֽˣҲ˷˵ҲûʲôҿǻǲҪ˵Ҷɡǿе˵Ҳǡ˵ɡ
ţ˭Ҳûע⡰ͷΪͷһЩĶҲȴˡ
ͷôη˵ʱѾ˳ȥЩɫļ׳棬һ
Һǿͬʱһ𣬶Ĥ죬иǺ¡ͷһ£һᾪЩ׳ġҺǿԴ
ȻЩɫļ׳һ궯ûǣǾ۵һ𡣼׳һһȻһ߸ߵĳѡͺЩһҪߺܶࡣ
Һǿ֣Щʲôѵ޺
ǳԽԽߣ˲ࡣƣǳһ̮Ȼ˹ʶ⣬ϽȥҺǿܵù죬ûбЩڼ׳ҵǡͷ֪ΪʲôûܳǱЩɫĴ׳档
Һǿһۣͣס˽Ųҧҧȥܶ຦£ҲܰսѶǻûȴͷӳӶվȻ˳ӣǺҲǺʹࡣ
ҺǿվڳȺıϡšͷͷ˻壬εϵĳӡЩɢܿԻصԭϣְΧм䡣
ͷҲصߡҺǿ֡Щ׳ʲôΪʲôֻΧǣֲǽʲô˼ҿ˿ͷ˵ʲô˼
ͷ˿ǣ˻ԴҧҧҵĿȣŭŬ졣Ҳ֪ͷʲô˼
Ҷ壬šͷ㵽ʲô˼ҲװͷƺżŪ˼Ǿǲ˵ûбİ취ڵת
ҲżһʱҲŪ״ǿһ߿ţüͷǰ˼ߵЩӵǰ档Щɫļ׳˷ӦһѼ׳棬һСѡǿǰ档Ӻǿȥ
ҿ˿ǿֿ˿ͷʵǲҪʲôͷ۾˵ͷǲ¶ˡͷ˿˳ԶĶüͷ˵˼ҪԵĶͷĵĵ˵ͷֲ¶ˡ
ǿҲ˻ҵߡƺ˿ҿ˿ǿôˣǿЦЦҪԵģǲˣһɿ𣿡ЦЦǲǣ㲻ǳԵģǻǲ߰æ°ɣ
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ͷҡҡͷǿ˵涼ôӣ𣬶ֲģѵ
ͷѿ˴죬ͣصͷǿǲ¶ˡҿɷˡȥֲأҵЩֲҲôĳӳԵİ
ǿ˿Щӣǰһֻ֣ӾȻ˹ǿϡǿѳӶ˵ԼǰϸĿ˿˵ŶӲ򵥰
ʵʶЩǿ˵ղŻ֪еüĿˡֻ֪Ŀʼ̹ſ֮ʲôûСֶǽľˮνĵһͽϢ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ҳ˵˵СϢһֳӵֳʲôԣĶҲǡϢ磬һֳӽʲôҵǲǵˡѵЩӣ
ǿ˵ͷ˵ЩǴ˵һʵмعڴľжֳӽԭסӦþֶʲôԵģǳֲġһҪֲ
һ˻ͷ֪ȥҲû취ҵŪֲأǿң˵ΧȻеЩСһҲǺԵģʥˣʲô취ûУһа취ˡСѵûʲôйľͷķ𣿡
һ㶣룬˵˵Ҳԣ֪һֽԭľûùһֽķ䡣кܶľͷǵ档
ǿЦЦǣǲľͷˣϻˣ׼ɡ˵óһƬѹҡҡͷȷЩľͷЩСһô죿
ǿЦЦģɡСǡҿЦһûзֽˡôأ
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Һ˺ģҧָŷϡһӷ˹âƬɵ˰С
ʱռ䴫𶯣ƺҪʲô鷢
ͷһЩɫĴ׳棬˲䶼ʧˣֻʣصѡǶھ̾Щ׳涯ʵ̫ˡ޴ԭľҲ֪ҵġԭľȻ˵
Щԭľһ㣬žĵϴ𶯣еվˡǿ٣ǷӾͺˣľͷûǮ
ҲܾȣڿЩľͷĴ֦Ҷиҵġ֪ġ
һҲмʮã֮ûдˡ
Щڼ׳˳˵˴ϡǶǵľ׽֮
˿ǿ߰ɣǲ˰ɡǿ˵ͷ߰ɡǿһߣһһ֦ŵ˻ֻ׳Ŀڱߡʵô벻ҳȥʶһ£
ֻ׳һ綯ʵʱͰǸ֦ˡδĶ˶ͣȻԼǿ¿ڴ
ǿҺٺٵЦЦֶһСѡҡҡͷ֪ǲǱ㻹ܳԡһءǿ˵ôе㣬һȺҲһֻġ
һ߿ЩԭסţһСĵ˹ȥһֱ߳Щԭסڵĵط
ǵĽʳһֱǵĶߡ֪߹ȥȻʧˡٻͷʱ򣬺Ѿʲôûˡ
ǿٺٵЦЦˣˡ
ҵ˵ͷͻȻеȡ


ھʮ ѻ
Ҷǿ˵ûиоȰǿ˲ͷϵĺˮ㲻˵ãľúȣղŻΪԼߵļĺءͷҲͷĴ
ǿܣҲʲôǵ治֪ʲôʱ򣬱ʯͷģһȥһȴЬ״̵
ǿؽеÿˣһǻˣȻôȡ˵¬øˬһ¡
ҡҡͷһ̣ǿߣҵԴźáǿѾѵ·ĳҲ˺һƬõġһһģӺǻЦĸں档Ҳһͷĺˮ
һȡˮѾҵ¿㶼ʪˡǰųĹâҲѵףźˮеɣǰǻԴǰѻ˾Ϳˡ
ǿһҲ˾ķٵ˹ȥ
ԽԽǿһƬǰԾšҪϺϵĺˡǿߴٵ㻭ŷɣȻˡ
룬˵ҪˮȻԿ˻𣬿ǻҪǴˣˮûáҪˮĻֱӱɣˮɾͱˡǾзˡǿʦǲˡ
ǿҲȵͷǱ˸ɡҪзȻƴһˣҲҲ˵Ȼûףеѵÿһζǿأһԡ
ҵǿһۣ˵ģҪһƵáǿЦЦʵҺ㣬ʬ˶һ˵ģһԹء
ҵ˵ͷŶˡ㲻ңšʬһһǿĳ˺һƬ滭һһ֣Ƭȥ
ʵûʲôġֻҪôҵķ䲻ãŻûҪôˣҵķԿŻϨˡ
ǽҵϣŻͻȻڿնһȷǵͷԹҸоͷҪȼһ㡣ҵķ˿մǱߵһӱñ̹ǡǿֽ䣬һҺ͡ͷ˷ǱߡǶеһָоʵҪ
ǿŻ˵㿴ŻôԼˣҲڿţŻɳһξ룬ص˵ϣںڰҡţɷǺÿ
ڵĵط죬ͷҲֹϮ֪ǵˬ̫ʱġҪϿ취ŻƶҲ֪Ӧô졣
ͻȻŻСһ㡣ҸеŻ״һֻ񡣽һŻд˳ϣȻáɰġҡҪ
Ƕһ㶣û뵽Ҳ˵ǿ˵ǺǸҵ˵ͷҲͬУǻɣֻǷˣǿҡҡͷҲ֪
ֻ˵ˣҲǷˣǡѻ˼ҷǰ֮ҿɲСǵһֻѻû͵
ҵ˵ͷȻĻҾͲú˰ɡǹȥˡѻǰҪ˵ʲôǿϽֹ˵𿿽ǡʵ̫ˣǻԶ˵ɡ
ѻЦԲˡҿ԰ѻСһ㡣ȻһС˺ܶ࣬ȻˣղѾˡ
˿ʵǲҲҪʲôѻҡҡͷֵ˵ͷֵʵʲô˼ҪǲҪأ
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ҺǿһۣѻҪȻеŹ֣ҲѴɡҪ֪ЩֵҲǡѻҲ֪ǵҪҵҲôסһòҪӦֿǳȥ
ҿ˿ѻϿҵ˵ֻܴӦ㡣ֵǣұ֤һǡѻ˵ͷţʵҲ֪еΪǡҵЩֵҲҡ˵Ѿܿˡ˵֤ûдƭҡллˡ
ЦЦÿҴӦˣһᾡġѻ˻γһȼյëƮɳҡҡλε䵽ǵǰѻ˵ҵһëҲǸǵһֻҪҵֵܿˣͻ֪ҴŵġʲôѣҲǵġ
ҵ˵ͷô˵ӦøлŶԡѻȳǸеˡѻ˵Ҳ໥лˡ߰ɡġϹ֡Ƣ̫ãСĵ㡣˵һˣѻѾˡ
ҺǿŵϵëëȼգһëϨˡһͮͮëŴһ£Щ¶ȣѾˡëͦصģеҲӲյˣС
ǿЦ˵⼸ضộȻȵ㣬ҲŲˡѻղ˵ʲôϹ֡ƢáһûôˡȳԵ㶫ɣ
ڣҲеˡҵ˵ͷҲãϢһɡҲ֪೤ʱˣǶڵϣǿҡҡͷûֱģбͣˡģ˭֪ʱ䡣ôҲСʱ˰ɡΪѾеˡ
Һǿʱİ취˵԰ɣ𶼳ˡ㣬֪ʲôʱԳȥءǿ˵ͷͷƬɡ
ѹʵ̫ˡǳһʲȥˡϢһ󡣴ʪָɣҲûа취ˡϢһ󣬾ǰȥ
߳ȥԶ͸еǰӰӰ´µģһƬ֡ǿЦЦˣӦнһˡҵǺ뿴ǸϹ֡ʲôӡ
ҡҡͷܲεġһϣƽƽͺá
˵䣬߽֡иû·ֻкҶǲ淢ɳɳ
ͷӿ˽Ųǵǰ档ͻȻͷһͣݵʲôط
һû뵽Ҳ壬Ͻ˹ȥ
ǿȴ˵Сģпӡͣס˽Ųͳˡҫʡ


һ ľͷ
һ˦֣ҫʡ񳤱һķ˳ȥɵˡͷǰ档ͷͷһ죬ҧסˡҫʡšͷ˳
ǿǰڵϴ˼¡ȥԭЩҶǿնǿ˵ֶͨҲУҶ䵽ϣһһԽԽĿҶγ˿նõˣи˿ҶͻݽȥҶõˣжӷһ棬ϲֻᱻЩжѬġǺΣյġ
ҵϼȻҲũ壬һڳȻ֪Щǿ˵ˣҵǺ⡣ͷ˵Сӻ֪Σգǰ档ΪȱȱȽϲݽȥѽǡڡͷͷ˼¡ƿǸҶӡ
ǼߡСĵؿŵ¡һֱߵһյءյصС϶ǿӣмʮĴոձߡվЩؿӵм䣬ǿʵ㿴ЩεƵá
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ҡţ˵ǰɣԶԩ޳ġǽ֮ЩһﶼǱȽϺƵģʲôϹ֡ҲôԴǰɣ
ҵĻ䣬һϵ˵ʲôԶԩ޳𰡣ȻҽСϹ֡ǻҪôԴǣ
ǿͷ˵ǰɣϽ˵ûɣЦЦҲ֪ʲôѻôġΪءǸϵһ£ǵͳǵĶһ˵Ǹ˵ҡߣҲʲôöҲŹǵġ
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Ϲ֡һ£ǲЩôѵǲ֪㻹ҪôԴǣ
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Һǿ͡Ϲ֡Ҫ˵ҺǿһϵȥһʵڵϡҺǿһЦһһϹ֡ķȥǿ򡰲ͷķȥ
Ϲ֡һֽУǡҵġҫʡѾָˡϹ֡ǰſϹ֡ʲôӡ֮ǰڡϼ࣬ǳϣһϵһ
ϵֻ۾ɵϴ󣬿ҵġҫʡ۵һҵġҫʡСϸһϵˡ
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ʱһҵǰһӾٺӣſǶǿȡǿѾѡͷ
ǿȾٺסǰ˼ˡľͷǰһСβȥһҽʵʵ档ߵĵط쳣ļӲҵĽֱ顣
һǰġľͷˣߵľȻһôǿϵȾŵľȻһ١
Ƕһ㶣ͬ˵Ǽһȥˣ
ǵĻ䣬ľͷǵߣеĹһӣǿȥǿȱǸٲţǸǿӣ˵ʲôҲֵġۿǸľͷԼǿȻ㡣ҵĵȷ飬ȥǿòһˤˡ
ʱ򣬡ͷ˳һͷײľͷľͷ⧲ײһľͷ˲סǿǸϡ
ǸӦϣǿһǿ˵ϡֵȣֽһӡľͷȥͬʱе⸿ӡֻеΧһ硣ľͷȥ


һһ ħ̥
ǡľͷٺһЦеúãٺȻֳɣߵϯȥʱϵѪҲͨˡһӡҫʡˡľͷ
ǿˡľͷٺӡٺӺһʧˡû˵ľͷľͷȣǰһ죬ƻȴ׼ȷصڡҫʡıʶˡֻеһɳصӡҫʡϴҫʡһӵ˻
ˡҫʡָһѡζ𡱡һ룬Ӳ˻ҡǿͷ͡ľͷšһʱ˭Ҳûж
ҳĬһӣҶԡľͷ˵ҲǺˡҿǴ򲻹㡣ǿֵĿ˿ңΪʲô˵ЩľͷЦЦ˵²Ǵ򲻹ңҪĴҺѰɣ
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ͷ˹ҧҵڣҡҿ˿ͷʲô˼ҪȥǸǸսħơʵ̫ˣôļһװأ
ǡͷңҿͷִֻ֣˹ȥǸսħơ˼¡Ǽһޱȳأһ̾˿ͷһʵ̫ˣҸò
ʱǡʿ۾Ѿɵϴ˵㲻ǡߡߣ㲻ܹȥҲⶫôҸòֺαΪҡùʹһ¡ȻӴһδؾ㡣
ǡʿ͵վһŭӡһҡ͵վĴķɻҡŪһͷһһԴ˦ͷϵĻҳóˡҫʡʱ׼ս
ͷһڵǰšʿ˼ƺڿ顣ʿһǹɴӱǿվȡҵиûף̫⣬һ̿ǲô
⽣ŵʱһֱû˵ǿͻȻˣһ£¬ȱеᡣһͷ˿ǿ᣿ʲô᣿ôҲܰһϰǿЦЦ˵Ҳδأν֡˵ľɽôһɽҲԷһССĽ档һӦҲа취ɣ
һͷˮǸʿûôˣǿƺڵǿ˵ȥҵʵӿɽҲûнӰǿŽҲͨĽӰɣ
ǿĪһЦ˵ڼ⣬ֻ᲻Դ˵ţߵˡսħơıϣһֻ֣档ȶдʡҲ֪ǿڸʲôǿӣҲֻȥˡ
ǿʼС˺ԽԽǿľǡվ
ǿͻȻһƬͣԭĽҲȻ޴档ǿߡǡʿҲĿǿƺҲǿˣͷҲſ˵ϣϢǿ
ǿ񲢲һ⣬ԽԽ󣬶ҶͷҲ˺ˮһĺķѹ顣Ȼǿе˼Ҳ֪ʲôѵֻɢеķꣿ
ͻȻҷǸսħơȻСһЩ쳣ľô۾ҲûпǸսħơıСˡԽԽС
ǿһֱȥսħơԽԽСֱ˺һָһ㳤̡ڵ⡣ǿҲˡվߵˡսħơıϣʰУһţӷ𣡡
ҡʿͷһһ¡ʿǿȻЦˣǺǣԭǡߡҿ˿ǿҲЦˡǿšսħơңʵЦʲô
Ц˵˵أǿҲЦˣǡߡҲ¶ˡʵһֱ¶ҹЦǰǲӵõˡôҲҪһЩ顣
ͷӺҲܿģšʿСһĽȻǲ֪ͷ˵ʲô֪һں͹ɡ
ʿһָֻͷͷ˵ռ棬Ҫֿˡһ֪Ҫʱ䡣
Ҷԡʿ˵Ҳ˵ҲõˡĽҲͽءʿЦЦռ䡣֮˵ãáҲԻȥҵˡ
˵ţͷˣռ棬ҪֿˣԵǻǻټ档һ·˳ɣ˵վһΣȻˡ
Ӱʧˣֻʣ¿յĿռ䣬ܵĵյǿůĻ⡣ǿ˿еġսħơβס˷ܡ
ʵ𣿡ǿ˵ͷȻˣȻڻ֪ôãֻǡսħơ֣͹ˡҪһ¡
ҺٺٵЦˣסǿļ򣺡غˣһֱΪֻǡߡҲܲģԵ°һ˫ҵĸٺܶࡣ
ǿһμҵĸ첲˵Ұֵû⣬ҪҳԺöҺһСʲôô飬㻹ųԶǵġ߰ɣҲóȥ԰߰ɣ滹мأ
ǽˡͷǰȥһֱߵǽߵǵǰƿǵš
ǿ˿ڵ棬ʵǲŪһյʡڰ
ҵ˵ͷűߵһյȥһ֮£ŷĵȼһһĶǶӲӲģһ֬
ǿ˳ӣ˵Ǻö֬ɡպܾõġ˵ϰꡣôһʹõ֬ˡ
ҿ˿ǿ˵ⶫҲ˵һ㶼ڹĹõġôĹģ˵ôУĶֵúܡ
ǿһôҾͲ֪ˣҲֶֶ֪Ѿˡ˵ţܵһߣ˼顣˵
ҡҡͷ㲻˵պܾɣ
ǿ˼飬صҵߣ̾˿ǺܶˣǵɸղŶûˡڶġ
ʵղſú۵ӡǿɫ˵úķѹģȴܻҪ۵öࡣģ߶
һĵ˵ͷ
߽Уعľţõȼ֬һ¡ؿź֡дš򡱡
ҿ˿ǿ˵ǸĵطǺö
ǿ˵ͷɻǧ˿ƵϵΪɻгȾַǳ࣬гִпѣС硯֮塣̵Ľͣǡ֮
ҵ˵ͷѵĺͷйأǿЦЦӦ㿴νΪӽͶ衣ڰٻжɻƽɹۣԶ壬ԴҲйءС˻㾻ߡǶۡ˼˼Ϊԭ򣬳ڻʢׯؾϻȴչʵΪ֮֮б𣬡󲻹ߣųǣǿݽҲӡȽ̹Ը񣬳Ϊΰҵ˹Խɡ뾻Ҳɴһഫͽ֪ݡӱأȷڶǧǰӡȱߣʱʮ߲ŮΪ֮ɢ


һ 
ҺٺٵЦЦһ˵ôķʣǵġ⡮Ҫǲͷйأ涼Բ㡣
ǿ˵߰ɣ˾֪ˡ˵ž¥ȥҺ͡ͷĸˡҰһһͷйصĶ˷ˡ
ǿ첽¥ݣǰ治й⣬Һ¥ݵ澹ȻһƬˮ档һֻСͣ¥ݵıϡٿˮϣȻ
һµ㣬ˮһ˿¡
ǿ붼û룬СҺ͡ͷҲССҡһ£ˮǰšǿȣˮлšС첻ǰСУŷ֣ˮˮекܶƷ֣Ƕһġ
ǿ˵ʤУҲ˺ܶࡣҿǿıӰ̾һӳӵζ΢𣬶¡Ҹһˮ֣ҳԵĽζ
ͷڳԣǰצܰӣֱԴҸϽ˼ˡͷĿУͷſĵҡβ͡Һ͡ͷһһĳӡǿͻȻعͷǣڳʲô
һ˻еඡǿһ˹ȥ˿˵кóԵĲңժһһ߰ӣһ˵ҿ㿴ôԣôĸҽѵ㲻ɷ˷羰
ǿЦЦ羰ǲҲһǲӣǻģȻеĳԣȳԵ˵˵ţһӣСȴüͷôôѳԣ
ҺٺٵЦЦԭֻ֪ĵʣȴ֪ôӰҪƤȻõĲܳԣΪǿġ
˵ţİһӣ˿СǿҲѧҵӣһӣѰõӴյǰ˿ͻȻ¬㿴ʲô
Ҳ˹ȥ˿ǱƤĺе˼һ˫ֺʮͷĺСȻСǾȻپȫ˭̵һ
Һǲ죬ϽҲһӣȻĹʺǿǸһҲǺеӡղųô࣬ûע⡣Ȼ顣һʱסˡ
ǿڷʵ񾭳ӵӣ˵ǲǶӵģҡҡͷûУûмӡЩǺеģѵǸղų˺ܶУ
Ҹеһģ³ǿĪĿ˿ңе˿Уһߴţһ˵óԣóԡ
ҿǿǰ㣬еҲԣǿЦҲ˵ˣҲ˵ඡǳУ˵иÿʹҲ˷ԣԳӡǰԵˣǵķԡĺ£Ϊʲô
Ҳԣ˲ιóúСһ˻ǿ١ҲǸ˿УӾӵζǶأ֮ȪˮͷšͷҲŴͷҵߡųӣָֻ˼
ԵÿģͻȻһ𣺡ףڳʲôǲҵġӡ
һʲôͻȻ˵ĴѰңܶһƬ̣׺ŷۺаӰ
Ҵ˵˭˵˭˵ǸˣŶˡĪǡҲ̫˵ĻǺ˼һСӡʵСһ˵𣿡
һЦСһ˵𣿡ҵ˵ͷѵ㲻ǸС㵽
Ǹ˵Ҿǵ߰߿ȥʱǴͷһԭŵͻȻˣǶˡ
ȫţǾط֣м侹ȻһСˡǸС˳ĺ룬
Ƕܾ棬ǰһΣ˱˰СϾվһҶϡſ˵òȻһǡأ۾ĺǿ࣬Ǵžĺ룬ͷͺһƬ⡣ܵͷҲžţϵɮ¡šЦؿǡ
󣬺ྶͥ˵㿴Сһ죬һ۵ͯĿж˵ĺЦ
ҿǸˣʵ˭ЦЦ˵ҵĵͷһû˭ôǵأ
ҿ˿ǿǿ˾ţ˵ҽǿλ¬λͷ˰˰֣ҲԵɣ಻֪֪˭ˡ
ЦЦԸ˭أ
ЦЦ˵ҽ^޸ޡһ㶣ֺ֣ô֡һû˵ǿѾͨһ˴ϡ
ҿǿʵʲôǿ˾˵λʮ޺еЦʨ޺
ȻԷûʲô̫оʮ޺ĴһġֻҲǰʮ޺֮һЦʨ޺
Ҷǿ˵ļٵİʮ޺֮һЦʨ޺
ǿЦʨ޺ͷû뵽Цʨ޺ҲһĸղŵĺϾ̬ȣȻҲĹںҶϻͷҾĿˣʲô
ǿ˵ڸ޺񡣡Цʨ޺˵ڻ񰡣
ҡҡͷʵΪʲôҪأЦʨ޺ЦЦұ鵽ءһģôǶҵͽܣÿǴ˵ҲԸеա
ǿ˵˵ѹ֣ѹӶǸ״ġЦʨ޺˿ǿֿ˿Һ͡ͷ˵ǿԳԵӡ˵ǴԵ֮ˡǵĹͷԡ˵Ŀǿһۣ˵Ƕ㣬Ѿˡսħơʥķǵ㡣ڹؼʱ֪ôķѾˣĲˡ
ǿֺʮлߡЦЦǿʦϲѶҳӡʲôôأ
Цʨ޺Ц˵һң뵱꣬УΪǷ֮Ҳеҵ˼롣Ȼķʽͬ;ͬ飬Ľ޳ɣóùӡȻҲǴ档ŵĻһĹ
Ĭ˹еղŵƣһɨ⣬ϺʹͬʱеϵѪҲÿҲĿռ䡣
ٿͷҲų⣬һҲá


һһʮ ǿġزؾ
Цʨ޺ЦЦôˣǣܺ˵˵Ҳǲˡ߰ɡ۹ҵأͿˡ
һЦʨ޺ʩл̧ͷʱЦʨ޺Ѿǰˣղʢŵֺ
Һǿһۣ˵õˡǲôܣǲ
ǿЦЦҲɣڻûءҪƬءȥ˵ɡ
ҵ˵ͷǿóȣҪˮҾϲķ֣ǿȱߵĳһЩҲ˵ǿУˡЦЦǿʦ̫࣬ˡ
ǿҲܸ˵ӣĻᶯȣСˮУӿٵǰˡ
Һ͡ͷڴϣšӡͻȻײʲôһһͣסˡ֮£ֺ޷ǰȥˤˮС
վ壬ǿ˵ǰɣǿʦʲôɻǲˮ档ǿҲվֱ壬˵£ˮʲôסС˵̽ȥ
̽˼£ǿ˵ܶණСŪʵڲо͵µˮУŪˡ˵ţЦؿҡ
ָԼ˵Ұǰɣǿʦô˵Ҳ㼫ԨԴҸ㲻
ǿЦġ̥Ϣ֮úˮе飬ȻҪൣˡҡҡͷҪˮˮ֮ǰǲӦŪʲôסСأ
ǿ˵ͷͷ¿ȥҲ濴ȥˮǺ峺ģԿɫһĶڴףЩڲС
ſڴϴȥЩƵĶҸоҵֺʲôסˡǶҲһö
һŴ͵һһӰǸɫĶˮ档ҲΪͣˤ˴ϡ
ˮĶҲ䵽ϣȻһҪˮܡּۿ죬һץסǸһǼһǱذסˡ
ǿ͡ͷҲתҰסǸɫĶöнڣҸ첲ȣбۡһСˡҶС˽еʲô
ǸСװͰ͵ӣٶܵһһίӡһ˻ǸСˣ㻰أ˭Сί˵źˡʲôˮҪȥ
ҿǸСˣźɵġЦЦãҰƤźúôáźССĻɸһСĿ޵𣬱𣬱𣬷ŹҰɡ
ǿ֪ҲŻҲɫ˵˵ΪʲôҪסǵĴźС˵ֻ𾭣ԲסǡǱҺ𣿡
ҹЦףһСǶгǵǿʦˣΪʲôϲأ
źС˵ˮеһΡеһġϾзԡֻЦʨ޺ȻǴ־͵ǲǰ
ҡҡͷֱ˵ˣΪʲôǵĴأź͵ۿǿһۡС˵ǺֻǸ֮룬ϲ³Цʨ޺ֻˡ
ҿһίźˣ˵£ҲģҿЦءȻϲˡ
ǿЦЦϲ飬ҪҵȻʲôأ
źЦˣһϲĿǿҿź˾ú֣ٺǼ򵥣֪ΪʲôȻôı顣ź˵ʵѾܶľģûزؾزؾ
ǿ΢΢һ£ҿǿı飬ʵ㲻ᡶزؾǿҡҡͷȻˡʵʲôǡزؾǲǵزľĵģ
ǿ΢΢ף˵زؾֳơزԸزرԸزرоزرƳɮʵӷ롣мĲ칬Ҳĵڶ죬ΪĸĦҮ˵ھ˵زĲɷȾ֤ᾭмĲ칬ΪĸĦҮ˵ھ˵زգĲɷȾᡯĺԸ˵زйеĵŮĿŮȶĸ׵Ĺ¡ͨĸĦҮˡչ糤ߡӡ޶ε񡢹ղʣԼزĲĶԻ˵״ҵϡȰ˾ѵַĲڴ˾бԼ֮ճɷǰ޷УȻ˵ɴԸز𡣡
ҵ˵ͷʵղŵı飬ôе㡭
ǿȻ˵ûʲôģزҲ𾴵һ뵽ߵ֪٣ҵҲǺѹģԲš
ҵ˵ͷȻǺףҲָ顣˵˲ǸӦ⾭
ǿ˵ͷ¡ׯϣڣʼٴ죬תȻҲģǾȻҲȻĶһ񿴵һ˵ĸɮһ˹¶һԭ֮ϣȻ¶࣬־ᶨͬʱҲҵʹУȻܹΪߡҾһҪ縺ҵΡ
ߵġͷҲüͷۺᡣź˸ǿ޵һͿиźˣ֪ʲôʱѾˮ֮ϣһƬ֮
ֱǿˣҲŻعһϴ񣬸оԼҲ峺ˡ
ҿǿʱǿȻڡͨпһʥĹâϲϲı飬оȻѪᡣһ˵ǿߣû°ɣ
ǿſ۾˿ҡЦЦ˵û£ҺܺáֻǺԸδܴɣвʡҲҵִӦüȥ
˵꣬ǿͷһᣬεˡץǿļĻζţǿǿ
ˮǿϡˮ嵭ǿϵѪᡣǿҲת
ʵû°ɣ
ǿҡҡͷֻǾôһʼⱾͺǰһ֮Ҿʲôǵˡ
ҿ˿ǿ̾˿ȴһ̶ۡ
˵ţǵСǰƶˣԽԽ졣һŷЩźˣһƶС
ǵжغͲᣬҺǿֵĸж


һһʮһ ң
Сź˵ƶ£ԽԽ졣һֱˮصıϡϰź˸𡣿ǻͷʱ򣬲ŷ֣źѾˣź˲ˣˮҲˡڵĿռ䡣ǰһš
ǿƺе㲻ᣬС˵һľܵúΪʲôزؾʱ״̬
ǿļ򣺡Ȼڲ֪ġǶԵˣЩǶᾭģٺ١ôٸ˵ʡ
ǿţ˶Ƿ˵һ㶼ϡ档ʵܶʱ׵ġֻԵʱ򣬻ǲܷ£νƣ£ڡֻǿûãһҪ£ڡ
ҸϽֹǿˣʦҲǹġҲǹķԡ㻹ͨɣҿܲˡ
ǿһۣǣûʲôɡҺٺٵЦ߰ɣҪһˡ
ǿ˵ͷǻе㲻ᡣһǿ㲻˵Ҫ¡Ҫˡ߰ɡǿЦЦƿš
һǵľΪ֮һҳ˳ӣζ㰡ǿҲ˵ͷǰŹ֮ˬġ⵽ʲôζֳ˳˵Ҳ֪ǻݵζȥ֪ˡ
ǿ˵ͷ˽ȥҺ͡ͷ˽ȥһͷľţһ͡˿ϵ֡дšң򡱡
ǿҵסˣŰ塣ںʵдʲô˵дġң򡯡ǿֹţңֵǺ˼ңʲôأ
ЦЦӦҸϿˡң˼ԭָߡڵ˼ǣڣԼʵҲǵСׯĻ˼뾫衣ӵġΪ޲Ϊ˼ϸķչһֶɵġ
ǿЦЦ˵ɣҺһʲô޺Ϊʲôɡǿһ㶣˵Ҳ԰ǿȥɡ
ҵ˵ͷһȥ¥ƺ֮ǰҪһЩԽߣζԽŨֱеǺе棬˳ȥµϢҲԽԽˬ
ǿһһ˵˵סɣеˡߵҶеԼƮƮˡ
ҺٺٵЦţ˵֪˭أʱҸе̤ƽ̨ϡǰһǿϽͣϲĿǰȡ򡱸Ư۶ǲ֪ĻݡһЩֵСЩ滨ȥġ
ǿ˵ԽԽţʲôˡ
ҿ˿ǰЩ滨ݵһС·̤С·
С·ǰνͨġ߳ȥԶŷǰһСɽСɽһͤӡǸͤӲСǽǸͤһˡ
ֻܿĲӰ˴ſӣųĺ룬Ÿ߸ߵķ٣мֵɷ硣
ǲӿ˽Ųߵͤӱϣ۽գǰи¯ӣ˵һëӣһ
ǵߣһҲҶֻվ￴
˺óʱ䣬˻ǲǿ˵Ϊʲôһģѵڴ
Ҳƣ˵һҪɣûǶò֪ⲻǡ
߹ȥҪǸˡǿʹɫʾҲҪûдǿ񣬶Ǹ˵ļһ¡һҸƣļ¡
˵һеȣֿʼۻǱţл૵˵ȣĻ𳤣̡
ҿ˵ӺܺЦЦЦ˵ιǲɣ
ҡͷԵӣֻ˼£ͻȻеԾ͵۾ҡһ˿˰벽ȴһУһһˤˣܳͤ棬һܻһߴؽţǣǣǡɽ֪١
ڵǿ͡ͷҲɶգͷԡðҲ˵һвɣʲôµģ
ǿ˵ҲܾûˣôͻȻֵȻŵ˼ˡʼ򣺡ǰɣǲɰ
ǿҡҡͷ˭֪ҿе㲻񡣡
һߵġͷҲֱԴߵ˸ղĵط˿Ǹ¯ӣٺɫ¯ϸǸ¯棬һ㡱ͼ
Ҷǿ˵Ǹ¯֪ǲɵ˵ߵ˵¯ǰ棬Ĵ˸ӡ
ǿҪֹѾˡһӵ¯Ҳ㱻ǹ˵һ˵ҵ죬̫ˡ
ǿ͡ͷҲŵˣǿ˵¥ŵԭԴͷ
ŵ¯ĸӣͷȥ˿¯ֻʮۺĵ裬¯зš
룬ȥһǸ¯ĵ衣ʱҵһϺȣ𶯣ǧ𶯡
ҵͣ˰УͷһղǸˣ֪ʲôʱ˹վ󡣾Ŀҡֿ˿ǿ͡ͷ
ҿǸˣգգ۾û˵˵㲻ܶ裬ǵ軹ûгɣҪó˵¯Ǿͷˡɿ˵㿴ʲôѸӸϡ
һϽѸӸˡǸһһʵ㣬㣬Ҫʲô̯˫֣ҲʲôҾ㣬˭ǲɣ
˿˵ҲɣҵʦɡǸ¯ͯӡ˵ʱǺģ仰Ҳ˳ָ˵㣬ӣҲͯӡǰɣ
ǿҲһЦ
˵ǲΪ⣺ʲôЦġҴӼʱʦҵġ
ֻסЦʵ˭ʦ˭˵ҽ磬ҵʦǡɡ˭
˵ҽ¬ǸǿǸͷ翴˿ǣûиղôˣ˵ôġ԰Ѿ쵽칬ˡҪʮһ㸡Ǻ
ҿЦһ㻹ǺúÿǣǶǱʮһ㸡ǲסﻹãǿϢһ¡
絹ܸ˵ӣٺ˵ʵҴСʦûмˡܼǣҵǺܿأǿ˵ղźܺµӣ
粻˼˵ֻûˣһʱ֮һ𣿡
ǿԵ¯ĶܸȤ˵ʲô˹˿¯˵ˣʦƵġٻ


һһʮ 
ҲеȤҪ˵ĻĲһ֣ûһҼģʲôɡֲֻݵģʲôٻһǸ֮ˡ
ʵ絤ͯʦٻʲôطⵤҩʲôʱãоʦأ
˵˵ʵ⡮ٻôҲ֪ʦƵĵҩģܶ˶Ҫҩġٻʲôʱʦ˵￴˵ʱ򣬾ͺˣ¯ԼϨġ
Ļû˵꣬¯Ȼˡһ㶣Ц˵ͶˣǾˣˡ¯ˡĵҩĺˡʦأ
羪ؿ˵ʦ˵ҩˣͻġЦЦʦӦóˡ
ʱɽһߴһųһŶ̡ңġɡɽֳˮԶ·ƽ̹ȻǺܶٴ죬Գ֮⡣Ǳһζ
һһȳһյĴɽǱ˹Щ룬һֻѾͤӵıϡ
ҿɡһõͷͺһ飬һֻŵأһֻԶ̣һɫ֮󻹱һ«ôҲһ֮ˡӻѵľǰ֮еġ
ҿѿڶǡɹЦ㲻˵ҶԼ˭ˡԣǰǽСٺ٣㵹֪
û뵽һǡЦǡǰ˸˲һôֻһ
һȳһյ߽ͤӣ˿Ǹ¯˵֮ԱΪɡΪһõɵģҲһɡߵҲ֪ˡ磬˺ܶİ֣ɽѡľҡҾһˡ
ҵ˵ͷףʲôٻʲôһ˵ҪŻáǲҪ͸أ
ЦСӵǴЩٻȷʵҪ͸ǵġɽһֻ˰ʱ䣬ʮɡõġԲǵĹҲǿٵĸԭʵǺö
һ㶣ȵĿšû뵽Щҩ͸ǵġҷе㲻˼ˡʵǸǵģǡҶ֪ôл㣬ô֪ǽ
ЦЦѽô˵ҲǸɣһҲǺѣЩ֮е顣ǺǺǡ
ǿ˹ʵǿ԰ǣΪʲôֱȥƽһҾأϵɵر飬ɫ˵飬ǲֵܲġں飬Ӧ˸ˡɽѾŵڲǵˡֻ˲ſ԰ﵽǡ
ǿʵΪʲôֻ˽ǿ԰أ˵ܶɽ磬Ķġм䣬ҲԴȪҲǴɵġԣֻݲſ԰硣Ѿɣٻص䣬ֻпˡ
ҵ˵ͷˣֻЭǡ硣ҲѡߡŵһԭֻԼ¡
˵ͷԣʵǶܸлǡǿǻᾡǡ˵Ż˻֣磬˹ȥļ˵ǿСһ¯ĵҩһֱʮ꣬û뿪ǿǲԹأ
ǿ磬ĺӣһ档ЦЦÿ˶ԼΣҾΪģһҵʹġ
һԹ޻ڣЦЦʵҲˡһᾡȥģԷĵġ
ٺٵЦЦ֪ģǡЩҩ֮á˵ŰѴ«˳һ«һ̵ָС«
С«˵¯ıϣС«Ŀڶŵ¯ֻġٻһӶ˺«档С«ݸңǣʮšСʹðɡ
лʵȻǣûбĶأ
ЦСӿ̰ġȷʵбĶǡ˵ţѵ¯ͼ澹Ȼһ澵ӣӵΧаԵͼҵ˵ǡ̫ϾİԾŰɡĹãԼĦɡ
ǧлĽӹˡԾ˵Ƿİɣǲǹ¾սһоΪɡ磬߰ɡ
˵һȳһյȥظ˺档ǿǵıӰ˵ôǵк޵ģ
ҵ˵ͷǰĲǹɣ޺ڰǡҲ֪ҪԸļһﲻ׶Ըǡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵˵Ͳ˵ȥˡ
׷ʵʲôǿЦһ᲻п˰һ㶣ˣҵûǿ˵ҲĿܡЦЦȻǽ˼ҵİҲӦÿͨ԰ɣ
ǿңĵӡһ˻ͷһôĵ߰ɣ
ǳͤӣɽһС·ȥ滨ݣֵĿɰСޡһ·ߵƮƮģоƼһ㡣ʱ߳˻԰һֱһǰĻ԰Ҳʧˡ
ЦЦǿ˵һˣ֪ôģǿЦЦ߰ɣҲûãȥ֪ˡ
ЦЦƿľšһƬڰǿ͡˽ȥһľţǿĹľŵĺ档
дĸֻ֡ؽ򡱡һ㶣ôﾹȻֻأǿҿǿ˵ǿԣ֪ôֻأǿ˵ֻֻأûʲô˵İɣ
˵ҲǣʲôҲҪȥˡѾһˣŬŬͳȥˣҲԳԶˡ
һ˵Զǿһ˾һ¿ˮ˵нԡ߰ɣǿ߰ɡ
¥ȥ
һֱ¥ݣƽ̨ϡŷ֣һƬڰֻǿ͵ĹϧղȥԶҲһͣˡһ㡣ǻûа취ȫò
ͻȻҸеռкܳأеܡ
ǿһ£ǿʦ𣿡ǿ˵ͷǰĺ


һһʮ ֻؽ
ǿеԶһ㡣뿴ԶĵطǲûʲôڶƣͻȻԶнǶһ۾ҫ۵Ľ⿴ȥòǲſԶһ̨ӣ̨һֻļ
Ƕ쳣ļǺֻˡŽķȥ
ܳȥԶҾ;е㲻ԾڽĽҺȻһ˫̵۾ҵеһ£ǿʲôǿ͡ͷҲͣס˽Ų˳ҵָȥҲһ˫̵۾
һͣס˽Ųǿ˵ʲôе죿Ҳе죬һʱ벻ͷȴһ˹ȥ
һ˫̵۾ˣӦþǵһ㿴ǸһĹ뵽ֲˣǼһﲻ¡ͷһ˩ţûв
˿ǿļ򣺡İɣˣ֪һ˭ˡǵһǸһŶˣΪʲôֻˣԭֻصһ㣿
ǿôһ˵ҲԴ˵԰Ǹһֻؾ˼Ǵһֻص˵һ㡣ûʲôˡҼǵǼһǱ˨ŵģ߰ɣǿȥ
ǸǱߴһ֮ǡͷʲôҺǿһۣһӿ˽Ų
һ󣬲ŷǰȻһڴܡһȻǡͷһҲǸһĹ
ֻǸһĹͣܳͷǰġͷͷͷһǰȥԵĸеͷһ֮ҪԶԶǰֵ硣ӡ
ǿҪȥæȴһסȿͷʲôչǿ⣬˵ͷڴ򶷵һ˵԰ʱһ¡ͷӡô͡ͷ
ҲŴ򶷵ĳ棬˵Ҳ֪ڿǼһƵáһ㶼¡ͷǿüͷ˵ûɰôתһȦǼһﵽˡ
ʱ򶷵ĳ淢˱仯ͷ˹ȥһҧǼһĴ֮ϡֻǸһѣȴûзһֻǰצ򡰲ͷԴȥҿԿǼһǰצųָףָϾȻɫĹâָ֪һж
̲סһСġͷͷҲѣһɿڣӼһǼһצĵԼϡͷһأһţѸٵǸһʺҧȥ
ǼһĶ͡ͷȣ˺ܶࡣ֣һӱͷҧˡҵľһ󣬴һã
ҽе̫ˡȻǼһĺͷҧˡǲ֪Ǽһ泤ʲôƤͷһҧ֮£Ȼҧסһҧˡˤصϡֻһȣ򡰲ͷȥͷУ˳ȥ
ǿһеˣȥæҵ˵ͷǿһȥǼһһǣһţһܳͷ˳ֱҵŵ˹һ֣һСӰ֮ǰȥץǸͷ
ȻǸͷһץסǸͷճһȻץˡǸͷǿȥ
ǿһͦȣǸͷдһȣǸͷȵͷϡǸͷһӱˡǿǹұΪǹܣǾȻһܵӡҲóˡҫʡȥǹ۾ȥ
ͷҲһǰצǸĶȥǹܵУͷֱסǲšֻһգһšûǿףֻһŻ˳ָǿȥ
ûԤϵģû뵽һﾹȻǿȱסҲֵġȥǸ
ǻȴ۾һ㣬һֱǿȥһֻܳءҫʡȥǿǹ³һɫĴҷҿԸеǸĺĺ֣û뵽һôȻԴһ³ͱ
ǸҲӰεĸҡֻö㿪ǿҲȣΧǼһȦҺһ͡һҲͿԶԸҵıǿĻ򡣿ǵ¶ûˣҲһӾ˺ƵģҲûʱ仭ֻǱĶܡ
ͷǣҲ˽׼ǡһУǣǻа취ͷ˵ͷǸȥ
дĽеǿʦǸǿҵ˼Ҳ˵һã
˵˹ҲƿǸǿķӭȥ˸һͷһӱһ𣬹һߡ
ֻһ죬ײ˱һʱ˻˻򶼱÷飬ֻʣˮҺǿͬʱһڡ
һһڵϴ󴭡ͻȻһӰ˹һֽסŷֹǡͷ̧ͷһǸҲ׷˹Һǿһԡͷ˵ܣ
˵ȥǹ׷˹һһʱ䵽סˣ֪Ӧ׷һá
ǶһȦת˸ջáͨǿ˵ûɰһôǹƵãԸ
ǿ˵żһ㡣ֻҪҵ㣬ͿԶԸ
ǸǸľ޴ĹҲתţĿóˡҫʡһ˦֣ҫʡıʼ⣬ֱǹĹۣǿҲһȣǹһֻȥ
ǹﵹ·һ󲽣һֻҵġҫʡץһ˦ͷǿȾȥ
һЦѹעˡҫʡ֮ϣҫʡıʼһ˺ܶġɰЩɰȫ絽ǹϡ
ǹһֽУڵءһŻĳζǿһеʲô˵ɰܻҲħаǿ˵Ū
̻⣬һãǲܰŪˣҽеԸȥýǿһͷķȥ
ѹһͦվϳ˼󶴡ϵǸ󶴡֮䣬ɫҺ塣Ǳɰ罦ĵط
ǹһУת׷ȥҿֲӣе㲻̡еˡɰ
ͷһĴܹŹ׷ȥ
ҲعҲȥеġҫʡһ˦ǹϾȥ


һһʮ ʱ䲻
ҫʡһӲǹϡ͵һϣ԰ǹǹĹ޴󣬲ûбҴһͷڵϹһ¡ץסҫʡ
ǹǿ׷ȥٶվһЩǹ͵һ̧ȣǰ˦ȥұǹ˦˰Уһ˦֣áҫʡ˹ȡýķȥ
ǿҺһãҲӿٶȡǹһһţĺһ˳ȥ˰еҡ
Ҿһξ룬ѾþµǹٶȺܿ죬Ҫ˵ˡǿһ˦еȣһ
ڰл⣬ת壬һ̤ǿϣٴν١ǹҲһ˸աıһٴε
ѾںˣΪҵǰץȥȴһײһǽһ͹
Һͽ֮һ͸ǽײ棬һ̲ǽϡ˵ϡ۵Ҳȥ
ſڵϣáվϺɢ˼һͻȻͷһ죬һӰ֪һǸҲһײǵǽϣ
ǼһôĸôءҵϣϼˡĶ㿪ǸˡֻۿĺӰҧҧ׼Ӳһ¡
ǧһʱҸеҵȱһ¡һߡһ죬ҵͷϡǹĴƨɾҵͷϺݺݵضص˵ϡ
֪ҵһǿ˿ҪƨҵͷϣҵԴһѹġ
ǿңʵû°ɣҸؿ˵ǽײһһԡû£
ǿЦЦʮ㣬Ӧû¡ҿǹҲܡ
һͷ˿ǹǹ﷭۾ǣƺҲһʱ䶯ˡЩɰճĿ׶Һ塣
ͷĿŹֻҪһʱȥ
ҿǼһ̾˿ߵһߣǶεǽƺһǽǿóӲתһߣǵǽתһȦǽڽΧ
ǿ˵ⶫҵĽ绹ǿõòǽûʲôһʱҲûа취ֻ̾
ǿ˿Ǹ˵һﲻǺȵһˣҪǷ¡˵ŰѱıжǸϲˡ
һоǶǽǺǿν粻һûз϶ǽŰѹȥ
ͻȻҵǰһ޴Ļ档죬ƣ̲ݵأһտԭҰһߴվ䣬һƥɫĿ
һ㣬Ǹˣ뵽ѵǺ˿˿ңЦЦ˵ҾǺҵܾˡ
ңңʵ˵ͷԣڵ㡣ʣµ飬Ҫˡ
ҵ˵ͷȻһ̫ףѾʼˡҲϣԼһᾡġ
ЦЦԣ·ߡкܴᱳܶĶϣͦס
ҵ˵ͷӣͦҲҪͦˡȻŵġҲûʲô˵ġʣΪʲôǿġ顷ҵǰҵǰʲô
ҡҡͷȴ˵ʵǲ֪ǲ˵ҡҡͷǲ˵
̾˿ЦһǾҲˡЦˣ˵õܶİҪʱ֧ҲġҪõҲôףҪĹﵽһĳ̶ȡ㷢ɡ
ҵ˵ͷһһӹǰľɫʼģתͷԭҰɱȥֱֻʣһССĺڵ㡣ֻҵĶߣԼΪ֮ɡ
ҵĹԽԽǿǰľɫʧֱʵľҵĹߡǶǽˣҿĵЦˡ
ԭǽĹһӵ˵ϡһ졣ǿߵߣʲô
ЦЦûʲôǽѾʧˡǿҲЦЦǺǣǼһﵹȥˣ֪ˡ
ߵ˽ıϣ֣˸߸߹ŵĽǽ˶˶Ź⣬ġһҵУһӱСˣֻҵưСҰ
ʱܷ𶯣ռ䶼ҡǷŽ̨ӣ³ȥһֱݵ˵£ϳһӡһ̨׵Ŀӡ
Һǿһۣ˽ȥ̨һֱߡ˲ԶǰһСţƶСţ洫ҾĿ澹ȻǺŵķ䣬Ҳǽĵط
ЦЦȥǿ͡ͷҲ
߳լǴۡһӼ⣬ǵ۾еܲˡðǲӦˣǶеһƣ롣һʯͷˡ
ǿЦһ֪ʲôʱˣҿ˿̫˵ˣǿܽȥһˡ
ǿҡҡͷ²ֹһ죬Ӧ˰ɣҡҡͷ˭ֱ֪ͣˣ֪ϦǺꡣҪи̾ͺˡ
ǿٺٵЦţ˲٣Ǿụ̂¶ûСǡʱͻȻҵֻ
üͷ˵绰绰洫һʦְҵˡǸΡһ㶣ƣСӵôã˵ʲôʱ򵽵ģ
˵Ҹյ˵ֻúػش𣺡Ŷͻȥͻȥ
µ绰һͷˮǿʵ˭ĵ绰ô˵绰ɵġ
Цɵġҵʦܴĵ绰˵ҵǡǿҲһ㶣ʦִܹŵģ죿ҡҡͷڣ˵ŵҿȥ
ǿץץͷô£̧֣˿֪ʲôʱҵֱֿʼˡʱʮʮ֡
üͷ˵ˣǵʱûиıǿʵʲô˼˵ǽʱʲôʱ䣬ھʲôʱ䡣Ǳȱ˶һ죬
ǿҵ˼ҡҡͷǲ˼顣ЦЦҲûʲô˼ġͺһءǵʱ䲻ʺǵʱûиı䡣ô򵥡
ǿЦЦǻʲô߰ɡȥ
ǿʵ㿴ǵӣһôأ룬ֿ˿ͷ˵ǺǣǾ˵ͷҰ׷ǰæȥˡҰΧ
ǿЦЦҰҲåģȻεǵ¡


һһʮ 
ҿЦһҲ湻ǱġǿٺٵЦţܻųѾܲˡҡҡͷܾãǺһѵࡣȻе鷳Ǳջ١㿴кܶĶ
ǿ˵ͷҲǡǵĹҲˡ֪ôã
ҡҡͷʵҶǵǽʱҿ˺ǿһ㶣㿴˺İҵ˵ͷղͦæҵģҲû˵˵һЩ˵һֱڵң˵ʲʲôġ˵·ʲôġҲûôãֻҪԼꡣ
ǿ˵ͷֻԼˡղ˵ʱ⡣ҾĽͲһԡ
ͣס˽Ųǿüͷ˼ǽŪãǿ˵ͷ㲻ǸǲģҲȷȷʵʵ䡣һзĶŪֻôأ
룬˵ҲǡзأǿЦЦˣЩһΪ˷ýġӦûʲôҪڽϡ
룬˵ͷеԴ֮ǰˡǰųԵġô
ǿЦһ뵽һгԵģҵѡԴҲõöࡣЦЦҪԶ߰ɡ˵°ɣҪҪԵ㶫úϢ
ǿ˵ͷһ첽ȥ
ʱǵļңֵûʲôˣҵĴųšδűվſڣšǣλ˻֣ʦ֣ȥˣҶһˡ
Ǽӿ˽ŲߵεߣθҪ˵ʲôǿ˿ʵѽܵȥ̽ˣŪӡ˵ֿ˿ͷ˵ϣǵĹˡ
ҺٺٵЦЦǰûĻǷֹˣȥңںɽҵˣһȺҰΧȥæŪ
ͷмĿһۣӱһҡͷԵĽԺӡ
֪ͷмҵĻԣҲûа취ֻߺߵ˵㿴Լǻôţʲô̬ȡ㡭
οҹЦʦ֣ɡô棬ֻ𣿲˵Ұĺ񻹳ɰɵġҪСġҲ׼֯ء
˵ţ˳죬Ц˵һϾͺáٻЩʡǲôǿɱ⡣
ҿ˿Σʦܣ̫ˡҡҡͷûʲôұǵ󷹵֪꣬ԶģҲԡ
ЦЦεļ򣺡̫ˣܺáȥ·ٳε˵ͷԺСϣ˵ȥɣúǱ
Һǿص˷䣬ҵ˻ϴ·ˡǿЦ˵Ǻռ˺ܴıˡҿǿʲô˼
ǿٺٵЦЦ㿴ڻǴһϣǳʱûб䡣ؽҿôҲʱ䡣ʱ仹ûб䡣˵ǲǶһ
ЦЦԣռˣǺǡ˵ҵ̣ˡǿҲһֻ̣ˡ߳ӡ
ҵͷһ˿ڡԺ
ǿ졣Ҳһߡʵʲôأ
ǿ˵ûʲô˵ŵǼ¡˵ǰʦ֣˵ǸֻһΪʲôǸӣһʬһҿ㣬һ㶼棬Ϊʲأ
ЦЦʵҲǲ棬ֻûбֳɡǿʦҲӦø𰸰ɣ
ο˿ǿʵʦЦŵ˵ͷǰԭǸУҲǴʦˡ飬ӦзȨ
ֿǿһۣ˵ǿʦȷʵ˵ˣղ˵ǷͽһزʱģĽ绯󡣡
ǿ˵ͷԣǡ绯أܶĻԲ֮ʱСеֻưСǰŷģһֱСҲġ
λһӡЦЦ˵ʦܣʵкܶǺģǲʾᷢǰҲһĲ⣬ĶˣȻͻˡ
ε˵ͷҼ˵ǿԲЩֻҪĿֳʬ졣ûɱĿܣҲͿˡֵܶ࣬Ҳûʲôá
˵⵹ǣҾҲȷʵûɱĿܡ֮ǰЩӣɶɱӦú˵˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷǰҪȻôûˡǵ˲֪ӡЩʲôͷ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУûһͷû֤ݣûĿˣҲûУһĪչ
ĺܣЩǹͷΪȻǹͷںŵϣǲܹüģοҲûˣͲʲôӲץ֡
ҿǰһĪչΣҲ֪ôʱһˣ˵ţһõķ˶
ǺǿˣϵķѾʳָˡʱҵֻֻһǵĵ绰һԴԼ쵰Ȼ˸绰
ߵһߣϽ˵绰˵װģǶԲǸ绰ˡҴһֱڣе飬ֻܻȥˡ
ƺ˿û°ɣЦЦû£ҺǿСͷû¡ܺãҲúܺá
˵Ǿͺãչ˺Լҵ˵ͷİɣͿˡ
µ绰ҵҲص˲ϡѾˣǿҲʼˡһξ˾Ʊʦ֣һˣżҲԵˣȸһ
˵һںȸ˱ľơǿһ󱭰׾ơһҧҲȹ˱ľơ˵СӾЦЦⶼǹжġ˵־ǿһ
¶ǣȣҵĻҲҲ˽ƱյռѡڵʱǶȴˡ
ڶ죬ҲǿѾˣڿͷ̡ˣ˵˵ľ治һ㶼ܡ֪ƿ׾ơ
Ҳȷʵһ㶼ܡҪһֻ̣˵˵ڻʱ䲻䣬ڡҲʱ䲻䡣ǻûн˵˵Ϊʲôأ
ǿһ̣һ˵ʵҲѽͣǷҲڡķΧڰӦǡĵعҲڽĿ֮°
ҿ˿ǿ˵Ǿ˵пʱ
ǿһ㶡


һһʮ ĶԻ
ҵ̣ǿôˣʲô⣿ǿ˵ĹܣǿˡǿԻصȥԻص
ҿ˿ǿ֪֪Լ˵ʲôΪʱаǿٺٵЦʲôܵģǿЩ顣
ҿǿ㵽˵ʲô߶߶ġú˵ǿЦЦ˵ʵҲ֪Լ˵ʲôֻ뵽һͷҪú롣ҪȥԷˡ
ҡҡͷһˡҲˡǲ֪ô¡ǿ˵˵ʵҲԼе㿪ˡõǸսħơ֮Դ˺ܶࡣ
ЦЦǳ˷ҿԴá
߳˷䣬ѾˡЦ˵ôȶ˰ɡû£ľƺܺõģȶҲܡ
ҵ˵ͷǰȻȶЩѵõ˯һþоһ㶼ܡǳ緹ˡлл硣
ЦҡҡͷÿǵҲûáǡЦЦûϵҿҵʦܡҲԵ֡
ǳԹ˷˸绰˵ǻæͲˡҺǿһˣ·ˡ
һ·ǿһֱʲôҿ˵ҲרĵĿųһֱСʱٸٹ·һͣ˳³ڵһȦǿѽڳˣֻСͷһڳϡ
ƣǿһѳԵĶЦĻˡҿڳϴһƿǿҵϡһڡǿ˵һ·˵ĥʲôأ
ǿһ֧˵ʱ⡣ҡҡͷ¿һ⡣벻ס㻹ʡʡɡ
ǿЦЦȷʵСֻǴǶ˵ġǲףǻҲ׷ûнȻҪǵõôһôĿԴԽʱգǿɾˡ
ҿǿڴĽͻȻˮͬڿľۿǸĹ̡Ҳ˹ͷΪǿýԽǾͿҵǸͷԴƣҲԵԵһžžĹ档ҵЩɱ˵ĹͷǿǸʱץǣ
ҵ۾һһںȸϣֻǿ˵е˼ˣ˼ǿԻصȥȥЩáǴСͿץЩɱ˵Ĺͷ
ǿЦˣԼͷ˵ţӿɽ̡ɺʹ˴ܣҲͱ˵Ҿ˼벻
ҹЦ˼Ŀˣ۵Ҳ뵽㡣ǻȥˣҪԸʦүǰأ
ǿҡҡͷ˵Ǿ˵ǸϰӦҲһչߡҺǵ֪һЩ
룬ʵҲĸоҸеĻһֻ֣ǰȥ塱ʱиоˡʱĸоĻĺӦΰΪʱһ룬ڰ塱ȻҲҿ϶ΰǡչߡҿԿ϶һĳϵֳһˣҼȷһչߡпǹؼߺšһһָоؼߺţϣҲĹͷӡҸе֡
ó񣬵ŵյָָһʹ˦̡
ǿЦЦʲô۶ˣ
ЦЦ˳ͷһߡǿҲ˹ȥҰԼ뷨˵˳
ǿţ˵пܡǺпܶǡչߡû˵չߡһˣǹһﶼԼĿġǸΰһҪ塯ҲݾҲ֪ʲô٣ζƽĳˡǸĿľͺ֡Ҳ벻ֱҪĿһ
ҵ˵ͷҲĸо֪ǲģҲ֪ʲôԭ򡣵ֻҪǲһ飬Ǿлˡô˵Ҳһ¡
ǿ˵Ǹʦүе㲻ԾˡҸоǸ˺Ĺϵе㲻Ծ֮Ĺϵ¼ĹϵǸ˶ǵ֪ܶ࣬Ǹʦү֪ĲǺܶࡣ˵ǲǺ֣
룬ĵ˵ͷֵһ֧̣˵ôһ˵ӡǸʦүҲװģֻҰͶ֮һ߿ǿҡҡͷ̫ðˡ㻹ǵã㲻˶д㶯ϾֹͣˣɼǺСĵġ
ҵ˵ͷòǿ˵еҲھУãɻ˵ôǸΪʲôأǿ˵ʦүǸˣȻ֮ǸǹؼߺţǲںЩǮʲôġôӦԶЩǮҲҲ֪ǡߡҲҲܾأ
ҿ˿ǿеǰǿڷ⣬ǵĹ⡣Ҷǿ˵ڵԴĲһˡҲҿҪúòһˡ
ǿ˵ͷȻǸ˲ԸƣͲơôǿƻǸＯţҲһ¡ҪǶԸǻǵġһ룬ϣˮͬľǲǾǼһǵһʾأ·ͻϮǣҲ뿼һǵĹҲǵĹˣȥҡԲŻǵȪˮ塯
Ұ룬ǿ˵ȷʵеǸؼߺţý࣬СչߡǼȿץͷҲҵõһжİ֮С濴ǸɺϣҲһֱһġûɺϵģһеżȻǱȻĽ
Ҷǿ˵ôʵһֱ˼Ҹǰŵĵ·ţҲӦûɡǿ˵ͷʵһ˫Ӯ飬ȻҲ֪ĿģҪߵ·˵ǱȻҪߵ·ûʲô
ҺһôǾӦñڵĹϵඣǿ˵ͷֻûа취²ĿģҲпԸڹΪ飬ǸһҪֻ֪°ģҲ˵ùˡҲΪ˻ͷǰľġԣŻ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵пܣҲǺܴзģŻ뷨ħԵģδôס
ǿ۾һţһжпܵġֻҪлڸ֮ģһԸлġ
ҿ˿ǿԴöˣеۡϣ˵öԣĿԸл
ǿЦЦԼԴȷʵе㲻һˣǲǸˣˡ
ЦЦǿ˳˸ٹ·


һһʮ 
һ·˵ЦͷƺҲеǡȻǿĶˡʱҲ˺ҹǵĳŽ˳ǡеĽֵûжٳǵĳܿص˼ǰ³ĵĻص˼С
лºܶĻҳû뵽оȻǸɾʰǿ򿪱䣬˳ԵĶȻҲġ
ǿٺٵЦţкݹȻ͵͵İļҶʰɾжԡٺ١
Ҳƣ룬ӦòǵᵽģӦûʱ䣬ôֻ˭أ
ץץͷͻȻģС֪ˡӣеϸϸҵǰһΣɫġҵǰ
һ㶣ϸأ˵ϴɻˡǶˡϸû£ȥ̫̫ˣҪҡ찡
ҵ˵ͷŶҲûʲôҾʣǲڼҵʱ˭
˿ңǰɣϴǸ̽ôȥһˣ䱿ˡҵԿ׶˭У˭ʰӣܼ򵥰
һĺһ룬һﵹ˵òЩֻһˣǾϹϹʰġ
ҵ˵ͷŶԭϹʰġ˵ûУûԼġʰúϸ˶ٺ٣ϴ˼޸ǳǸϹҲ
ҵˡһۣ˵ǿߵҵߣһ£ʲô㿴ǲϣӱܡҿԿ϶Ϲһϲġ
ҿ˿ǿǲԼ鶼ŪˣҰɶ绰˵ͳ˵绰Ҫ绰ӡ
ǿϽ֣𣬱˵㣬ֲ˵ҡ˵ģӱǲðϹʹġ𣿡
̾˿صˣʦҲð𣿡ǿҵǰ棬һ֧̣˵ûһνֶԺܿҲԺ嶼һġȻð飬ǱİҲ׵ġȻȻϣãô򵥡
ҿ˿ǿ˵ҺܰҺϣáǶСûָоʼȷʵ̫ΪֻѣֻǺѡǺҲоˡѾˣҪ˵˳һίľܾһ¡ֲ˵ô죿
ǿһ̣˵ҲǣºѽϹݣȻĬĬذûʲô˵ġȷʵѰ죬ǵġ
ҿǿһĪչ˵Ҫ֪ӵζóһҲ˵Ҳ˭ҿҲһζʱҲҳ⡣
ǿңþò˵ĽֵÿǣڲˣҪȥ档ٺ٣˵ܿˡ
ҡҡͷСӳһ·ûԱǸԻҲһ롣
ǿ˳һˣڴϡЩĵ顣
ϹҾһͬ飬֮һ飬ҴûĸΨһŵˣҲ˺ϹҵĺѣҲҺܶˣĲ˺Ϲûе£ҪȻĲ֪ôźáϣԼһ㣬ҲҪһ㡣ҵעܼ򵥣עҪһ¼УÿҪҵΣԴġҲעĲ򵥣һֱӱܣҾõĽҲ˺ϹӲֹϲҡֻװ֪Ϊҵֻеһˡֻ
뵽˵绰ʱҺ绰ͨˣֻͽĵ˵ϹˣҸе̤ʵҲĵ˵ǰŻôˣԭ绰ٸ绰ʵں㣬͸绰ˣû˯ɣ
˵ʵһֱĵ˯š˵绰Ȼҽһ˯šһ᣺ԲҪ㵣ġ
ЦˣʲôԲģҲ㣬Ҫ˭أ֪ˣҲġʱ䣬Ǽİɡ
ҲЦЦţ˯ɡ磬ڱ
µ绰ҵĶǵǿֱ֪ǿŵҵǰҲŻعǿʵɵʲôأ
ЦЦ룬켸ɶ绰
ǿҲЦˣҸղʱסͲͷ˼ˡԼġٺ٣
һ߳棬һ߿ǿģǿĵ˵ͷġ
ЦЦҿɾҪǿʦδˡ
ǾϢˡһ˯ṳ́ܲʵڰΰ֮ߡһǵһϹһʦүǹؼߺš֮һ˺ռҵĴԣҺڿϷһһ۵ģûпʼҲûн֡
Ҳţ棬Ѿ΢ˡ˴ͷ˶ڡҵĶ
ҷ˱Щ˳õ˰칫ңڴϣһһİѶϡ
һĸһСѾӲˣƳһϸĿ˿뻹еˡ۾ɫ壬͸ĳıе׵ǰ֫һ
ҷĿ˺ܾã֪ʲôʲôáͷŵһߡ
ڶǡԭסҰŵϡС򣬾Ȼſ죬ҵӡת۵Ĺ򣬾Ȼҧһ󶴡һϽѡԭסץŵϡ
Ǽһ뿪ľͷҲٴŴ죬ԴƺڿҡȴһѺɫĳҡҡͷ˵Сӣ̫ǼľͷҵðڳҵһϺӣѡԭסŵ档͸Ϻӿ˿ԭסСһٲƻʱ򣬻Ǻ˼ġҺܿɰ
ҿһԭסŵһߡóǸѻëǸëģһ¶ȣȵġֵ˵࣬ëЩ룬ҪһرĶװҷŵĻŪûŻġ룬һסǸëҵһװӵľͷӣë˽ȥҲŷ
нսħƣǿȻ԰ǸһСǸԼоɡ
ó˽ڡõҪĶֻаоˣҲа취Ѻá


һһʮ ڽ
ڵƹ£ϸĶŽģƯͷ쳣ļ񣬼Ҳ߱εӣȻ͡״һӡ߱λЩ˵ġڽ˾ȻͶȣβҲģȻǽҿʲôë
ܵ˵֧˽֮⣬ûʲôرġʵڿֻʲô⣬ʲô
Ȼ뵽ˡʱڡжҪǶǽŻЧԼĹʼֻһ㣬Ҹеһ㡣ټӴȻһӳˡҼʱģ
ҵþ棬ΪԭӡŽļˣټӴĽʢȸղŲ֪˶ٱǳҫһ㣬Ҳûз顣˹ֱССӡһʱҲûоʲôҡҡͷҵһǰװеСӣѽŵ档Сĵղߣʱóо
ʱѾˡվһҪ߳칫ҡͻȻǰһΣϸǰһңЦ˵ϴˡ
ҿ˾ϸЦЦСӣôŻϸ˵㲻ڼңҶû͵ȥǸˡ
ҵ˵ͷСӵǺڽôʲô򡣡ϸ˵˵е㶯Ǹ̫̫һֱͷöӣȻҲǺףܹ鷳
ص˴εУüͷžϸȴΪϹġ̫̫һֱںϹ̨ĲʲôϡӺѺϹСǵǸŶӶԿҲȻá̫̫һеĴ󶼹Ϲһֻʲôаİ취ԸϹʱֻ֪ʲô¡
ڷϸ˵ϴʲôأҿ˿ϸ˵ûʲô˵ʲô֡ϸ˵ϵʱǼһˡһȤʵʲôˣ
ϸ˵Ҳ֪֮ǰûֻǸŮ˽Ǹ˵ǱؿӦϷĿǱߵĿüͷûпǸ˵ӣ
ϸ˵˵ҲǺˡ۾ţţôЦӡҺһǲͦϲеһ
ϸ˵Цݺǹ죬˺ܣǲǿĵЦһƤЦⲻЦġ
ҿžϸǸ˵Цݵı飬Ǹ˵ЦݵʲôӣһǺѿ
˵˵ʲôϸ˵Ǹ̫̫񿴵˴ǣǶ˲裬ǵˮܷɧأ˵ѧ̫̫ǸŤӡ
Цһ˵˵õвУǵ˵ЩʲôϸٺٵЦţʵܼ򵥣ǸӦ̫̫Ӧ֧֣ǴһЭ顣
ҵ˵ͷоȻе㰲ˡΪ˰̫̫ա˭أ
ҿ˿ϸʵǸ˭أȻ԰̫̫ҲǸ󸻺ӦÿҵõЩİɡѵûи
ϸ˵ţȥҲ˳ȥֻǵſڣҾ͸еһɺǿҵǿɲһģҾͲҸˡ̫̫һϣųˡ
ҵ˵ͷиӾ˼˭أϸҸţǼһӦñʦүҪ˭أѵ
ϸ˵ӦûģһǸұ˷ˡһ뿴Ǹ̫̫ʲô
ʵô̫̫ǲʲôأϸ˵Ǹ̫̫һֱڴ绰ͬ˴绰ڳﱸҪʲôһֱڵ˺ҹڲŻ
ҵ˵ͷţ֪ˣȥϢɡϸЦЦõġϴ쿴е㲻һ񣬺񡭡е֣ʲôһϸ˵Ҳ˵͸о˼Һģǲʲô
ЦЦ㵹Ǻе㱦ǺĽϸһ󾪣ȵıС˺ܳʱ䣬˵ϴ㲻ǿЦİɣ
ɫȻǿЦġҺǿʦǧŵõġ˵ţҰѽ˳ϡϸǣǽǽ
ϸĽû䣬һӳĸСΧ˾̾
һ˵ϴôûңʼ򣺡ҸջûüˣҶŽ˺ܾãҲ֪һﵽôãǻǧˣǲ֪ⶫôأ
ĸСžϸҿ˿ǣԾϸ˵֪ˣҪǲ֪Ҳ֪㵹˵˵ɡ
ϸ˵Ҳûⶫ˵ġȻõȻҲ֪ˣҵ˵ͷϸ˵ҲҲĴ˵ȻҲûǺܶ˵ֻҪҵͿƽ磬Ϊ֮
ҺһҵõˣѵһΪ֮ϸһ棺Ҳ˵һȥģ˼úõأŲҪȥѵ֪Щ
ϸһԴ˵ˣ˵ĹãôҲ֪Ҳû˭˵һľ飬Ҳ֪ɼҵĶôܿһôʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵еҾ֧пʱôֻ벻ôܡǵģҲ˵顣Ūһͷˮ
ϸٺٵЦˣǸߵȻҪ˼ҷϵӡȻõһԵˣͨġ𼱡𼱰
ЦЦʲôżġˣҲˣȥɡСʧˡ˽
ʱ򣬵绰Һʹϵϵĵ绰ҽ绰ϵ˳ôˣʲôʱ
˵ҹͻˡڼأЦЦСһصǺܿ찡ôô˵ԣҲ˳Ҽ˭ˣ
˵ô֪˭ˣ˵ҿСˣ㻹ǵòǵǸѧܡ˵ǵãôģСﵱأ
˵ǰɡҲ˵㵽Ұɡ˵ðɡ˵
ҷµ绰վҸеܶǳȥԵ緹ʱˡҸ߳칫ңӭǿ
ǿӺǾ˸˸Ź⣬ֵӡ
ҸҪʣǿ˵ˣȥԷ߳Աġ


һһʮ ֵķ
Һǿӣ·һСǿҪ˺ܶĶҿһӵĶǿ˵ǰɣһ緹ҪḻǿΪ⣺УǴôյĵطѾˣÿһ춼һҿǿ˵ֻǶڳԵİɡ
ǿٺһЦٴңڵĳҡҡͷҲųһƣǿڷеĿӣһ붹һڡ˵һôʲôأ
Ҳ˿ӣ˵˯ţ¡ȻͿЩõĶоһӣҲûоʲôϸˡ̫̫Ľඡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵Ͽҵʱûʲô仯һ˵ϵһۿǿʱĸܣ˵԰㲻˵ҵˣһϼ㣬о˼ݹϢĺܺðɣ
ǿҡҡͷǲϢ⡣ʵѵϲ¾ˬ˼Ҹɶô绰ˣһин
ǿֺһڶҡҡͷԣԡҽļƻûʵʩ
ʼ򣺡ҾͲ²ˣܲһĹúܿģ
ǿۣ˵ţ䲻಻Զӡ˯˾Ҳ˹Ҳ˯ʱ
ҿ˿ǿǰɡÿ첻ǳԾ˯㲻Ǻţˣ
ǿٺٵЦǻԵĽġҿǿӣҡҡͷҲûʲôϵ˼ҵҲøˡҲòŴ¡صĸҰɡ
ǿ˵ѽʲôһû˵ء㣬ڰ칫óʱиӦġҿ˿ǿķҲǺܴˡ˯иӦҲǺ֡
ǿ˵ֻһĸӦȻΪˡҵĸӦУֻһ˹⡣ҵġսħơԴǸ⡣ҵĹͽнҲǳȡ
ǿĻһϲӡдĶֻСսħơߡԭսħơǴ򿪻ԿףѹоһϣҲо
ЦˣǿҲЦˣˣҪֽħơ˵ġ
ЦЦǻʲôϽȥоɡǿȴҡҡͷ˵ˣбļƻԼоɣҪȥһ¡
ҿ˿ǿôģľҪȥأǿٺһЦȴ˵ֻǰѲϴŵġսħơժݸҡȻתˡ
ҿǿıӰҡҡͷ˻ص˼С
ҿ˿ʱ䣬ʱ仹硣Ҿоһ¡սħơͽšսħǫ̛£ϸؿԴӡսħơõ֮ҸûʱҲŷ֣սħơǾ棬һС֡ЩӦģҲʶӦЩʲô
šսħơ淢ͻȻһ޴ռ䡣ǸߴȻʶЩ˭֪ЩǷҵתһȦЩʲôûСֻջ˹˳
ҿšսħơ̾˿һǲеģǵǿ˵ɡ
ҿӣһ̡֧Сҵǰϸ˿սħơ˵ϴоʲô
ҿ˿С˵عоʲôǽ£ϳԷʱǿʦ˵սħơǿԿסҾͻоһ¡ϧһŪ
ϸ˿ң˵ǿʦأҡҡͷ֪˷ˣ˵Ҫȥء
ϸٺٵЦţǿʦҲ̫ûˡЦЦҲû£ȥɡҿսħơǷҵĶҸղŽ棬涼𣬿ΪʲôڷҵĶǴ򿪺ĽԿأ
ϸ˵һַӡҲֹһЩ߰ĶõȻá㿴ѽ͸ǣҲò˵ġ㵱ȻԽħƵУĹɾˡҲһַɣ
ҵ˵ͷԭֻܵǿˡϸͻȻüͷ˵ϴˡӦǸʦү
һ㶣һﵹϢͨôôˡҵĻ䣬
ߵ棬Ȼʦүһ΢Цվ档ЦЦ
ʦүҽӣǶҶʦү˵ǺҲŻ͵ˡʦү˵ͷûʲôģߵءھˡ
ʦү̹Ȼϣҵ֪˵ʲôˣֻЦЦǿһмˣѵ͡ǧˮ飿
ʦүȴûлشҵ⣬ʵ֪¬һγȥûʲôջ񣿡
ҡҡͷûʲôɽˮһ˰ɡûпʲôмֵĶʦү˿ңĪЦЦƽ˵ܰȫͺáͺá
˵Żһתʵʵ֮ǰǸʬ㻹ҵ𣿡ҿ˿ʦү˵Ҳûпĸʬ
ʦүЦЦνҾǣҵһ߼չˡ˵ȥ֮ʱҵĴ̨һۡƺĶȻһЦ˿˵¬ɣ
һǰʦү͵ſڣϳ뿪ʦүͻߵĹ죬ѵ֪ȥʲôطõʲô
վſںܾãŻص˰칫ҡе㵣ҵЩʦүˣ²ð졣ҰѶʰһ£װһ棬ţҲŷġ
ҸʰãſִſڿȥűˡϹ˽Ҹ˵Ľеĳ֪ˡ㻹ðɣ
ͻȻϹҾȻе㲻˼ٺٵЦЦˣҺܺãôˣ֮ǰʰģ
ϹЦЦŵĶŵһߡ˵ǰһӺģûʲôԾ͹ʰһ£ʡʱ򣬼̫ࡣγȥʲôջ񣿡
ͷβ˵һ顣ϹǾ棺ô˵ȱ˶һҹѵĿʱת
ҵ˵ͷӦģҪоһ¡ҾܻصȥץĹͷ
Ϲ˵ͷͻȻʵȻصȥأĻʱڣֻǾžꣿ
ұʵһ㶣ҵû뵽Ϲңһе㺬
ϹСʵУĿԻصȥôȥЩ𣿡
ҸûǰҪҪȥЩأǸ⣬Ҫס


һٶʮ Լ
ڷϹ˵ϰ壬ôˣһع˿ϹЦЦ˵ҵûʲôȣҪһ롣
ϹСЦЦҲ˵˵档ҡҡͷԣôܲ棬˵ĺе˵ǲӦþЩأ
ϹС̾˿ˣôֱһȥǵġҵ˵ͷ㵹˽ң˵һǵġǡ
˵ͣΪ¶˵ǺܾġȻûʽѾе벻ˡ
ͣϹСʵʲôɫ˵˴ڵĸʷҵȥҾЩȥˣǾͻдˡʷдˣҲͿǱʵ¼ˡǿǱ飬ܶ鶼ıˡһ˵ЧӦҸıһʷͻ̺ܴĸı䡣ҲܾˡӲܸıʷ
ϹƶǶĵ˵ͷôһ˵ºɴСҵ˵ͷȻˣѺҪҪǲңһ벻һ㣬Ҳ´أ
Ϲܸ˵ӣ𣿿ǺõˡЦŵ˵ͷǺõġڳôҵôˣ˭˵ûãˣϸ̫̫µĶˡϵһջˣǸʵ֧̫̫ġ
ϹüͷˣջģȷʵôһˣлӢҲŶġ̸Ҫעʵǹ˾ǲҪ˵עʣԻؾˡ
ҵ˵ͷǿɾҪСˡ˺ܲ򵥡ǿһҪСˣһ̫̫ΪǣټɾͲһˡҿӦʦ˵ĵϸ
Ϲ˵ͷţһСĵءˣˣ㻹ûԷɣҸԵģҡҡͷҸոճԹ绹лиԼᡣͲˡ
ϹСеʧӣ˵ˣȥɣҲҪˣò㣿Ϲҡҡͷҵ˾档ЦЦ߰ɣ
ҺϹһ˳ȥϹ˳ҲԼĳһ·ȥϹڳϣҵҾеᡣҺϹ˵һ˵ϹġΪ֮ƣҲֻˡ뵽ԭܺõ飬һ
˱Ұѳͣ˳⡣ûڱĿУŲ裬ŵӡϹĻвǼĿԻصȥҿܶ飬ҪıʷһĺѡҲһҪעġ
ĳſˡ˽ڣܹһ˽ҵĻСҽرŵһ󼤶̧ͷƬһ𡭡
⣬ڴϡ˶ġ۾այգָԶֻеؼươߵرңѾ˯ˣ۽ǻһΡ֪ûʧȥ׵ʹг߳˯еüͷǽšӣۡ
ҵͷȥ۽ǵۡضȴˡң˵˯ˣķ٣˯ɣ֪ۣͱҪǿˡһɡңҵšصͷ˳ḧͷȴû˵ʲô
һ̧ͷЦЦװģҿ޳оöˣôȥĺܿ찡
ҵ˵ͷ˵һ顣Ȳֹ˵װģ˵ģΪ¡Щʵ̫ˡ
ù˷ڴߵİҵõĶһһóšĿÿһŽʵǾͿԻصȥ
ҵ˵ͷȻҪоӦǿԵġЦЦԽ翴ܶ࣬˵ҪԽǺ˼ҪܺһȥͺˡһԽصھУʱ㿴ʱңٿʱ㡣
ЦЦͻȻһ⡣ҲһνԽʱһ⡣ǾԽǰռ䵱УԼô죿ֻһأǰңԼҲ˵ԼԼͻȻоԽԽӣҸоԼе㾫񲡵ˡ
񣬵ҡһ£ʲôأһع˿˵˰ɣȥԷ
˵ͷǰûԶ٣еˡ˷һҪȥ衣ҵ˵ͷ֪һȥ衣
ǳ˱ĵǼĺܶ˺ܶĶԵÿĵӣҲеܿġԹ˶ǽЩϣ졣
ҳһ˵ʵ֪Ϲϲҡ̧ͷ˿ңûһ㾪ȵı飬˵֪Ҳٶ۵ˡ
һ㶣ô֪ЦЦȻˣŮ˵ĵСҿֻ㲻֪ɣҵ˵ͷǰǿҲ˵ġһ֪㲻𣿡
̧ͷĿң˵ΪʲôҪأ㣬ֲĴοôãϲҲ˵ҲǸˣҲûж˵ʲôֻĬĬϲ㣬벻ʲôģ
ץץͷӦôأе㲻ҡҡͷȥɡʱ䳤˾ͺˡץס֣ãҪǲ㸸׵飬ھͿԽˡҲûʲôٵһͿˡ
Ŀһۣû˵һҪ޸㡣ҺٺٵЦ޸㻹ܼ޸˭һҡ
ҿ˿ʱ䣬Ҫ˵ȥ԰ɡҲ˵ͷ
˼ңпص˱ʱϸˡһңϾҵؿڵһȭ˵Сӣð͵ġЦЦСҲô˵Ҷһ̸ֻϣϽӹ̣ˣһƨɳϡ
һߣʵȥôֲֻ䷳İ˵һ顣Ҳþϲ˵û뵽ĵطôҪԽʱȥץͷҵ˵ͷԵĻȥʡºܶѰҵĹ򡣡
룬˵ͷ̾˿˵ǸＯһ㶯ûСʧһ˵һˣջӢġӦþĻĴϰ塣ԲıҲпǸչߣ㻹ҪСġ
һ㶣չߣǲΪʲôŹ
ҡҡͷûô򵥡ְѹؼߺŵʹ˵һ顣
ϵ˵ͷǴ򲻹ƺҲڰǡ⵽Ϊʲôأ


һٶʮһ ʹϵ̸
ҿŴϣ˵еĺۣһʱҲ˵̫ΪұϾǸؼߺšӦòܹĿơҺǿ֣ͲĶ֡Ҫɱǣֱ練ƣûɱǡҺǿȻĺǱǲûʲô¡ʱ쳣룬ǵǸһˡ
üͷ˼ǣǸؼߺٿУǣΪʲôأЦһҪһǵķȻǶԸ֮
ϻǲףȻǻҪö࣬ΪʲôԼȥԸأҡҡͷǺܺ⣬룬ҪҪԸǶӳԼȥԸأбԸأ
ϻ˻ԴȻǼ֮Ϊˡҵ˵ͷҲʼͨȨıˡҲ֮顣οǹؼߺȻǱϾ̥ڹ֮УԡԸҲûаնԸҺǿȥˡ֮ȷе֪ȷʵǡߡǸؼߺǣҲġ
ץץԴǰɣ㵹ף֪ãҪȥЦЦҲҪͷģȷʵǱˣֺγأ룬ȻҵǸˮ·ͼô֪Ȫˮ塯кչߡôԵɺϵ뵽СôҵõġأȻ濴ǽĹȥģǵûҵࡣʼһΪЩڤץˡ룬ʵǿɵúܡ
˵˵һеǸĺܡ˵ڶŵĹͷҲ˵ȥ֮ǰѾ˾֣ɼǸڶŹͷչ֪ҪȥġǲǴ˶ŹͷؼߺŶкôġ
ҵ˵ͷҲˡȷʵô¡ҲߺźͶйᣬƭĹȥġҲпֻǹؼߺԼýĹ꣬ȥġⶼҪڵǺ໥õĹϵ
ϿЦһ£֮ĹĶǣ͹鷳ġû뵽͹֮ĶҲǡЦЦ˼˵춷˶Ҽ
ϿЦôԽԽˣǵ֮ǰ㻹ǼΰĹҲչ𣿡һԴ˵㲻˵ҵˡ͹ؼߺЩơһֱҲ֪Ҫʲô
üͷʵ˵ؼߺźǸΰ໥֪𣿡һ㶣˵ҵûһ˵Ӧ֪ɣ֮䵹ҲûʲôϵȻַָĵطȴǲͬһҪһȴȪˮ塯ңֻӹؼߺų֮ΰûֹ
˵ѵһˣҡҡͷӦòǣΪǵĿĲһһҿԿ϶ΰһϹĸסŵʱǡһְֱ塯һĿġ
˵ǺΪʲôΰˣҡҡͷ˵磬Һܱ𣿿һƭƭ𣿼ȻѾģȻٹˣٹҲġ
ϵ˵ͷҲԣôҲһˣεѾǲˡôϵ̾˿֮ϵΪҶĺ棬ȻŪ˺ܶ飬ҵˡͷǣҲ㱱ɺЩͽǡ˵ҲһȻҲеһʹǸʼվöԲ㱱ɣȻǰһڡʹߡõ㱱ɵϢ֪ҲǻòվΪ˿
ϿҵӣһЩҵһ֧̣˵Ҳȫ㡣Ҳ㱱ɵģȥġһеġöǵͷѪ飬Ҳ顣Ҳ̫ˡ
Ұ˰֣ûʲôԤУһʱͿ˵ˡ̾˿Ҳ㣬ҲɣƫƫʲôҲˡ
ЦЦվߵ˱䣬ƿˮݸһƿ˵ģһˡҲһҪʲôǰġиô
ЦЦЦеѿ˵ȵ㡣ҵ˵ͷģˡչȥԽ֪ʲô顣һ֣˵ЩϻţԼչˡ˵˸ʲôûΣգڴ·ϣпܱء㲻µģνࡣ
ЦЦǰǿһʱ䳤ˣҲõˡ˵Щˣ÷չôˣȻת˻⣬һ㶣žȻе㲻˼ˡ˵ͦõġͦõġҺý顣
ҿ˿ǿ飿ѵ飿ǿҡҡͷҲǣֻǴ֮һֱ˸һֱʾġѾְǡҼ飬öԸҽ飬¡˵ϵҲỨ
һһ׾ŵĴǰۺỨҵҲһĶĸоòԸʹһǲ̫ģԼŴϡǶôʹһѡ
ͻȻǽ̸óҺʹѾǰֲܲˣǣҵĵǣҵˡǶˣǰΪˣǶǣҵˣҲǣǵˡ
̾˿ǶԲ˵Ҳú㡣εġҡҡͷղŶ˵ˣʲôϵ˵ˡôҶ޸ΪֹİɣһϲƵġ
ҿЦһ£ͻȻˡɡҵġٻҴɳԴ˵һ¡ܵ¥˷ҵı˳ҵǸС«浹һٻݸ˴ϡ
Ͽһͷˮ㣬⣬ǡ˵ղŲǸ˵ɡɸҵɵó˰ɣֻкôûлġϿңһŵӡóһСƿӣѡٻŵ棬ĶԴ˵ҲǿЦģɵٻ㶪ˣһҪóˡס𣿡
ϿһңãȻĵ˵ͷ˴һ˵ôɵģҸҩˡҪҩ
ͷ֪ˣ֪ˡһӵġ


һٶʮ ǿ
ҿ˿ϣǿһ顣ЦЦôšҲЦЦû취Ӻӣֻܶˡмǵðչ
üͷ˵ˣԼչˣֲ㡣˵Ļǲʲô˼ҿЦȷʵе˼ڵҿʱᴩԽߵģв֪ʲôʱ򣬻˵ܲٻҲ˵ߵʱ򣬿ǣԲһ¡
Ͽ˿ңҪҪᵣĵģҰ˰֣˵ˣѵҲûа취ܹҲΨһ뵽İ취ˡĸ׸иոȥȴչҲھΡõĸǣҲ˭
ϱͣң̾˿ֵһ֧̣һڣԼСҵһӱįþôϲ˵ҲﲻģģһչģһܼǿˡİɣĲһġ
һ˵ͷͶˣֵܡ߰ɣȥæɣҲҪˣһȾơһס˸óҩڻҪСģϹæ
ϵ˵ͷվ޵ǵĿһۡҹЦЦİɣҲʲôµģֻͻȻ֮ҲңżѣɾԲԡ
һڣͯ޼ɣСƨ˵ǺֵܣһûкһءһҪҲվס˴ϵ֣İɡҲµġ
صĵ˵ͷת˳ȥȻûлͷҿݺݵĲһ۾ʶĿıӰҵҲһů
ˣֻʣһˡͻȻеһ¶Ҳ֪Ϊʲôڴϵǰ˵ЩЩĻҲҵֱ˵Ļѵһȥǧգ
ĬĬ̾˿ֵһ̡֧˵ʵҲΣաֻǸǣЩֵǣҵЩˣʱҸĽǿĽһȻһˣǣ˭õ˭
ûкڣҵоʵһҸĸܡҲǣңĸá
Ϩе̣վȻ߳˱Լĳҵķȥ
ҪҵʱͻȻеˣղźһûгԶ٣еˡ
Ұѳͣһʽıϣ˲¥һֱϵ˶¥ڴߵһҪ˼ģҪࡣ
Ҹճ˼ڣͿھҲԶĵطһ߸ߵС룬жʮҪ˵Ӷסˡҡҡͷаλֵθڻ治ϵľȻԳôࡣ
ţǸ뵲ס˽еԱٸհԣһѵǶġͻȻҾǸϤƹȥһǸ˾ȻǿǿʱҲ̧ͷҡһеô㣿
ߵһҡͷ˵ǿʦҪҪô˳ҹҲôࣿǿʳ˵硢϶ûԷȻҪԵˡ
ҿ˿ǿʲô϶ûԷСӿһٶٵġȻûԣ㵽׸ʲôȥˣ
ǿ˿еʳ˵ҵȻȥˣȻôæûأ˵Ҿ֪ҪԲôʲôȥˡ
ʱǿһհĶӣԼ˱衣һڲ˵أһȥ͸ɶ˸绰û뵽ɶһֱڵҵĵ绰Ҿȥˣһȥ԰ˡ
ҿǿҲǺ£ҲڲԷӦɶóԷŶ԰
ǿ˵ͦõģҷ˸ǡûоɶͻؼˡԼڳתһȦȻ˳ǱϣҪץǸˡ
׷ʵץס𣿡ǿҡҡͷûץס֪˭ʵ˭ǿüͷè
һ㶣èǱǴôֻأǿ˵ǴܵǸèһһֵʵΪʲô㣿
ǿҡҡͷ˵Ҳֻ֪èϻصֻܶࡣץҾһֱ׷ȥ
ҵ˵ͷͻڶûԶǿ˵ͷҿЦһ˵ֻ飬ŪûԷҲûʲôջ񡣡
ǿȴҡҡͷһû˵أ˭˵ûջءһ׷ֻèһ㶣ǿҡҡͷʲôգ˵ˡĹҪֻߺܶ࣬ղ
е㲻ף˵ܲһ˵꣬˸˸ģ֪˵ʲôǿЦЦ˵Ϊʲôҡ˵ûж⣬ǡҽӿ˵ʲô
ǿ˵˵ǵõ飬Ѿ֪ˡŭҪԸǡ֪ЩһԸǡԼԸǡ
ץץͷǰɣ磬ǻҪԸ硣ûʱϢˡèΪʲôҪأ
ǿ˿ңҾͲ֪ˣӵǺ棬˵ٻҺҲûҪҾͻˣˡ
Һ֣ʵ벻èΪʲôҪǡҽʾ֭˺ܾãͻȻ˾Ժֻè
Ҷǿ˵ǰһֻèҵԺҾĴ̨Ͽҡ˵᲻
ǿҡҡͷô֪ǿɾ˼ˣѵˡǿĲ֮ˡ
ҵǿһ˵˵˵˭ˡ˵𣿡
ǿҡҡͷҲ֪ܣСһˡ룬ңЩڤȻǲܺ磬Ҳǰװ׵ιͷġ㷢ʲô׷ɱҲûʲôЧȥЩҲǺпܵġ
ʵôĹͷҼԸǲͺΪʲôҪأǿЦЦΪҵЩǽԹҲеɵˡ
ҵ˵ͷҲеץǲǺѶԸǿЦЦ㲻ҲץЩͨľǡԲֻҪʮֵľ񣬱̨ĿǾûʲôµġ󻹲ǽಫˣоսħơоʲôˣ
ҵ˵㣺оһ󣬿оסҶšսħơȴֻǿһЩߴ񡣲ûбġһ˸Ҫһ𡣡
ǿһ֪ӣЦ˵˵ţսħơԿף㲻Կ׵ˣǡУҪţҲ֪֮󣬾ͿԼˡ
ҲĿǿ֪ô֪ģ


һٶʮ ֮
ʱǹע룬ǵеķˣҶ˽⡣Ҿϲķ߽֮ǰšսħơʱ߽Ǹռ䡣Ǹߴ
ͬǣҵվǿЩȴҵһμһ࣬ƺ΢Цҿ˿ǿ˵ͦãһҲͰĶˡ
ǿЦЦһȻһˡҺǿȥȴкܶǾҲϤǿʱáزؾ
һֱߵ˿ռľͷǰһɫĴšŽţŵĺ͸⡣
ҿ˿ǿǿʦôǲֱƿǿҡҡͷȻˣһƼûˡ˵űϷһĴóˡսħơߵ˴ǰѡսħơ˴ϵһС
ǿŤսħơҲ֮ĴˡӴ򿪵һ͸˳ε۾ҵ˵ٺ٣ſˡһǿ߽С
һɫĿռ䡣Ĵģ治ǽյģʲôûСҶǿ˵ʲôûаǿҲܣ૵˵һУľ硣ҪʲôҪԼ
˵뿴ҵǰǿתͷֵؿҡȴû˵˵㿴ʲô˶ǰΪʲôûС֮ǰڡҲʹûиҡ뿴ҵǰ֪ҵǰʲô
ǿҡҡͷˣҵġ顷ܸ𰸣Ҳܸ𰸡ҲһܡҪ˵ͻȻǰźĺһϲڰ
ЦЦ˿ǿ˵ͷãʦһ㶣û뵽Ȼǿʦҿǿӣڡͨоӣһ׵ɮ£ᷢӡѾϰˣôڿ־дʦķ緶
ЦЦǽˣһ˳ǺǶϢϢءҲ˵һǿŽһµŽǲһġҪڼ
Һǿ˵ͷʵпʱصȥ𣿡ЦЦֻҪͿԡסˣǵĹǺľˣҲûа취ˡҪСġҵ˵ͷʵʲôǺһͷԶʧˡ
ֻʣҺǿվԭأҡҡͷǵģЩʲôҲ˵ȥģ˵䲻𣿡
ҿ˿ǿǿһƽƺʲôǿιʲôأ
ǿ˿ңȥȥǸʱһ㶣𣿡ǿ˵ͷӦÿԵģղź˵Ϳԡȥ
ץץͷ˵ʵҲûáһֻȥģ֪Ĺܣҵеԥˣҷкܶʱȥ
ǿЦЦĸʱǶҪȥġҪãȻûáǳȥɣڵ״̬ҲǺܺáҪȳȥ˵
ҵ˵ͷҲãԴӳ顣һʱȳȥɡ
ͬʱչǰһΣֻص˰칫С
ȻֻһҷԼıѾ˺ˮҲͦķѹġ
ǿ˿ң˵Ҫˣǵȥ
ҵ̣һ֧һڲ˵֮ǰҿǸ룬ӦǹؼߺҿǸ龰ġҲ˵ؼߺźϣȥץǸͷ˵ҪҪ·أ
ǿüͷ°˵һһûձ˵·ȷʵáٵΪֹؼߺŲûкǡ㿴ʱΣҲǱȽϤˡǵȥõɣ
룬˵ҲǣûɲȥȽϤĵطҲðЩǲЩ׼
ǿ˵ͷȷʵҪЩ׼˵ʱϹһ£һ㣬ǲܸıʷ
ǿ˵˼ǣǲκ顣ܾˣһҪֻץסͷ
ҵ˵ͷԣݡЧӦǲЩıʷ顣
ǿ˵ͷеУҪǮǲ֪Ҫ϶೤ʱ䣬һҪǮ
ҡҡͷҵȥʱǮǿЦЦǲʱǮֻҪϽӲˣǶͨõġ
ЦЦʦǶЩоǮкôġˣҼ˺ܶˣʦүҲˡ
ǿ˿ңʲô˵ʲô
ҡҡͷҲ֣һ˵һЩ̲ĻҲûʲô
ǿüͷǾ͸ˡһûģôУ˵ĵĻǺܿɡ
һĵ˵ͷͻȻʦүߵʱ򣬿ҵĴ̨ʱҰѽħЩ˴̨档ʦүֵ񣬺񿴵ĶһѵһΪЩģ
Ҷǿ˵ҿһ²Ȼûʲô£Ƕﲻ˵ġǿһ˼֪ǵıЩ⣿
ҵ˵ͷпܣһܼʱ̰һ֪ǴűأǿҡҡͷһҪСһѶպˡ
Ұѡսħơݸǿţܷŵһ𡣡ǿ˵ͷˡսħơ
ҵ˵ͷǿ˵ţһҪСġҿҪһ׼ȥ׼Ϣɡ
ǿ˵ͷվصԼķ䡣
ҲԼķ䣬վˡóֽͱʣҪ׼ĶдֽϡһдһʱѾдһֽддͻȻиддһЩ
˺ܾãûдȥ΢з꣬һ֧̣û˯⡣ֻһߵɳ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һèһֻСèĽ
һ۾ҷԼһƾɵӵѾƵֵ¹͸ƶ˽ƾɣЩҾѾõûˡǽҲкܶƶƶ洵
üͷʲôطôҿԿ϶ûطȴطһֺϤĸоΪʲôһָоأ
ţһèдèеŲһֻСèʲôΣաȡ
ҽŷ͸¹⣬ĴѰţҵֻȵСè
ӵĽ淢һֻɫСèֻɫСèһľͷѹסá


һٶʮ ׼
ҸϽ߹ȥذǸѹСèĴľͷСèľͷ汧˳СèỨصţССͷҵ֡
Сèȷûбˣֻһ˶ϵˡҵСľͷСèĺ˹̶סִϵ·˺һСèסˣϡ
ŷе㲻ԾϴŵľȻǸܳĳƽʱ·һҸϽվͷ˿ϣҾȻŵǹװ
Ҵ󾪡ôһżһŷһڰ칫ңɳϡղžȻϿһΡʱҲˡ
ɳصԼķ䡣뻻һ·
Ҵ򿪹ӣͻȻúʲôں濴ң͵ػͷһֻèҵĴ̨ϡֻ۾ɵԲԲĿҡĿԣҸе˫۾ϤͺҸղпֻСèһġһ򴰻ȥֻèһΣˡԺӵУܵˡ
վڴڣ濴ȥ뿴ֻèʲôûˡ
ҼǵҾῴèСʱ̼ҵʱ򣬾ͻᾭѧסھУʱҲᾭèٵסҲкèҵԺӡһֱûеһ£񲢲ô򵥣ѵһֱҿĺèһֻ
Ÿղŵξѵèǿ˵èҵġȵֻèʲôʱȹأؼǵãдǹװѵҵǰǿġ顷ܸңҵǰʲôҲܸҡҲܸҡҵǰʲôأ
ԭҵǰʲôҲںģǺͽҲܸңҵǰҶԼǰӺˡ
ڴ̨ǰ淢һŻ·ϴһ¡ˣҿģһҷ꣬˵֮͡һꡣ˼˺ܶӦ֮ſص˼С
ǿڲϣŷ档ҴСĻˡЦŶ˵ôϾȥɹˣ㶨𣿡Ұѽӵϣ˵ô˰ɣ
ǿ˿ЦЦˣǱӣأɸˡ
ǿĶ棺Ѿ׼Ĳˣʲôʱǿ룬˵ô֪ЩҪİ
룬˵˵ģȻ׼Щһʲôλġڰ롣ǿҡҡͷЩʵҲνǮԵǱòôš
ҵ˵ͷ滹ǾúЩסǵﲻףҲ˵ǿҵ˵еţɵ㡣룬Ҫصһɣ
ѾˣҾȻصһꡣץЩĹͷҶǿ˵ȥ׼׼ɡҿϾߡĿɶô绰
ǿ˵ͷ߽˰칫ҡͨ˵ĵ绰Һǿ׼ϾߣȥץͷĬһ˵ԼСģʲôʱҲ֪Ҳô˵˵ȥץ˹ͷͻò˶೤ʱ䡣һеᡣʵҵҲһ黳ұҪȥҹɵЦЦõģôΣһһˡİɡҺܿġ
µ绰ͻȻԼеӢ̡Ϊʲôô᲻أѵĻʲô⣿֮ˣӦкǿԤУѵԤеΣգԽ룬Խ㷲ұ۾˶ҵͨĹſ졣
ȻӳҵСһû˵ЦŶ˵ϲ㰡нĹˡЦЦǰôȻҰһӵ鶼˵һ顣ţֱõ˽˵̫ˣһ䣬õһԳɹġ
ҵ˵ͷôʱ䣬ҲȷҺǿǡߡһ縺ҵΡ㣬֪֪ҵǰʲôӵġ
ź룬ЦЦΪʲôִءǰʲôʲôϵأҡҡͷ˵ұҲôԽǶңҾԽе֣Բôĺġ
ЦЦ˵Щ飬Լ֪ûа취㡣һеʱ㶼˵ģϡ
ҿ˿죬˵ͷ˵һֱое㲻ãʲôõҪֲ֪ʲô顣ʦ˵ô£
쿴˿˵Ҫ֪ЩһᷢǺõģǲõġ㶼޷ܣҪѧȥԡ֪𣿡
Ȼһͷˮǻǵ˵ͷ˵һаԼ뷨̫ˡ棬ȥɣ
ҳͨľأſĻĻиȷָʾ뻹ǾÿĻе̫ûʲôôӦѧѧǿһĵǴúܡ
ҪĶҳѶŵ棬нѹɣֵ硣ڹѪͯ򣬵ȵȡ
ʱ洫˿ǿѾ߳ȥˣ˻ʱǿŸС˽˵Ϳݵģ֪˭ġ
ҿ˿С澹ȻһѵһšǰѵӺܹ֣ģһצһȦ԰ָȥ溮һһѺõ
˰ǷţдֵܣĻֲĸоҲ֪Ϊʲôһ롣ְﲻʲôֻ͸ѵֽЫ֮צǸ̸Ƴɵģҵղ֮һҲϲһѵ͸㣬֮áҲ㣬ȹΣաǴϡ
֪ϲռЩıǰһ¶ǲԵġû뵽һﾹȻϲЫ֮צ͸ңҷĸж
˵ųصĵϴŨŨ꣬ҵůůġ
ǿңʵ˭Ȼ͸һѵǲҪв㣿ЦЦвꡣ͸ҵģҷõġǿŵ˵ͷŶǾͺã𣿡
ҵ˵ͷָָϵ˵ЩװҪʲôһҪŶҲŵɡҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ԻǶ㶫
ǿ˵ͷҼ˵Ǿߡǿֵ˵ͷ˵Ҫһˣ֪ǱߵĶǲǺóء
εҡҡͷǸɶô绰𣿡ǿЦЦˣ˵һһǻȥԶ
ЦЦɶҲǸˣãǻһȥԶ
ǿ˵ͷǶ֮˵ȥǰһٸ㶨˵


һٶʮ Խɹ
Ҳòٴǿʦĺθڡǵһճʱ䡣ȻԳô࣬ڿǲӦö
ֱǿ˿ӣĴűãһһ߶˵һ٣ࡣھϻеʱ䡣ǲӦȥˡˣҪҪСأ
룺һﵹǺãҲҪ˿ҡҪǲϣֲá롭
ǿ˵治ǻиСҾˡСϣҲá
Сƣ˵ͷҲãǡ
ǿվߣȥϱ״̬ȥԽ
ǻص˼У
һֱɫҲŽ߳˷䣬˿ϵҽгС˵Ҫȥ顣һﵹǺܸˡǽһз䵱СҰѷ
ְСƽгüҡ
һУǿ˳Ҷǿ˵˵ʦԱ˾˯»ʳ𣿡
ǿһ˯ֻǱ棬ʵȻǳ״̬ѡ߰ɣھߡ
ҿ˿ʱ䣬˵ٵһ°ɣϰ˵ʱߡǿ˵ͷǺãȥҵԵġ˵ų˷䣬˳ȥʲô
ҿǿӣҡҡͷ˴ϡͷҵߣҡ
ЦЦ㿴ҸʲôһģǸɽͷĵҡβ͡Ҷԡͷ˵òôʲôʰһ£
ͷƺ⣬˺ܾãҡҡͷ̾˿ҡҡͷ޳ûǣң֪Ӧأأ
ͷСһĽ֪˵ʲôͷԴô˵ǿֵġʲôֱӱĺĽ㡣ͷֽһ
ǿζãԺ㡣Ҷǿ˵ǲģġԣȥϹɣ
ͻȻͷĶһ״һתš֪һǡͷʲôû˵ϸĶšͷͷĶתһ󣬺ûµķָֻ֡
ҵʵôǲʲôˣͷҡҡͷܵ˴ſڡһ󣬲ܻصߡһ
ǿŴ˽˵ͷôˣҡҡͷʲôֺûСˡôһֱùֵֹģеĻŻŵĸоûĸо
ǿӴƿ˵ʵҲ֪ΪʲôǾÿġһֱԶҺһҽڣԾͳ£ǰ㲻Ҳӵģ
ǿ·룬˵㲻һûиоֻΪԼеţһ˵ҲĸоҪʲôӡ˵׾ʲô顣ģԶ
̾˿˴εӱϡǿңǡһû¡Ҳûáǳ԰ɣǾߡ
ǿ˵ͷڵĳԵҵ˵ͷ
ɳϣͷҵĻ档Һǿšսħơͽʼ
ǽ˽֮ţǸĿռ䡣ǿ˵ǸطǸʱɣֻԴǹȥ
ҵ˵ͷһ߼һˮͬ龰ͻȻܳ˺ܶĻ棬ڷٵˣǺһķɿгϡҸеϺ׹ʲôصģûʱ俼Щֻרĵʱ顣
ڣͣסˣҸеһգˤȥҸϽһ߱סͷһڰһ٣ˤ˵ϡ˿˿ܣһƬڡ
ǿˤҵߡҵʵôǿٺٵЦЦû£õúܡֻƨˤһ¡ǲˣҷ¡ͷվܿ˿ͻȻҷҺǿԶĵطһˡ
ƣǸһĴЦĿԴԽĿԴԽǵζϤһ֮£뵽Ǹ˾Ȼʦү
ǿܵҵߣҲϳʦү˵ô£һôˣ
Һǿ˹ȥҿʦүʵ㣬㣬ôʱʦүѾڴЦˡת˵¬лл㡣ҵȻҲ֪Һܸˡıĺ
ҿ˿ʦү˵ô˵ϴʱ֪бˣʦүЦЦҶԱС֮ǰͿԿ϶бҲ֪ʲôұϵʱ͵͵û뵽Ȼ˿ԺһԽңҪʲô
֮ǰͷƺʲôʱʦүͽˡֻûзֶѡüͷ˿ʦү˵ʵҲ֪ǲǳɹˣɹˣǾӦʱڵˮͬӦýСˮͬ
ʦү˿ǣʵǻصΪʲôأڰУҿʦүı飬Ҳûа취ȷ뷨ֻ˵ץһ
ʦү߽ǣЦЦȻҲˣҼɡǸܺõ顣ҿ˿ǿǿҲڿҡҲûбİ취ֻ˵ȻԸ⣬ôʹɡӦȷһ£ǲĵǸʦү˵ͷ
ұһ·Զеƹĵطȥ
ԽɹϲãʦүĵŪһ㶼ûˡͨǿ˵һţô죿ǿ˵Ҳû취֪ҪʲôҲûʲô
̾˿֪֪֪߶߶ģȻ֪бôǣ»ᱩ¶ܶǵĵơǿ˵Ҳû취Сľˡ
һߵйһ̣ſڹյҾϲķ֣Ǹ̿϶ʱĶĳɹϸ˿ϵƣдšˮջ
˵ǼջǾ͵סˡʦү˿˵ĳɹˣǺûǮ
ҿЦȻ׼ˣǴ˽ӡʦү˵ͷȻбǽȥɡ
ÿ˵ţһų۾˰˽ȥ˿˿ңһ֡ǵĴҲֵˡЦЦ˵Ǵعģޣ֪ûз䣿
˿˿˵䷿ǡ˵ҪǶҪˡ˵˵ͷ˵ϷҪ롭˵Ц֡


һٶʮ 
óһ˵ûǮֻܲܵȵ죬һǮٸ㡣һеĽгһ죬Ц˵õģõģҪԸ⶯Ļҿ԰ˡ
ҵ˵ͷǴȥɡЦЦ˵ƹģţʲôǾ˵ÿ
ǿʵƹģʲôʱƹЦЦ˵ǳʱ֡˶ǵĵҲҪˡ
ʱ֣ʲôʱһʱҲŪʦүЦЦ˵ߵ㵽ŵҵӣӦúǱߵʱࡣ
ҵ˵ͷƹĻͷֵؿһۡǶƹģεЦЦ
䵽ˣҺǿһ䷿ʦүԼһ䷿仹еƣǾϲ˵ⷿҲǹɫ㡣һ̴ζѬġ
ʦүûлԼķ䣬ǵķ䡣ڷмһŰϣ۵С۵໥š
ʦүɤӣ˵θȷʵеͻҵĳֻ뿴ǵıȻҲȱǮҶڱ޷ܡԣֻеĸܵбʱҵкǼ尾Ծȥ뿴Щ
Һǿһۣҵаһ˵úãҿ˲͵ġȻûǿҿǿ뷨һʦүҲûţЦЦ˵ν֮֮ҼȻˡҲֻܽʵҲҿ԰ǵæ
ʦү˵ҲˡҲûа취ҪҪǣһʱ仹벻סʦү˵ԭҲôҲҪ˵˵ʵǹֻΪ˽֮ǰҲ֪ҼҾйֵңؾҪԴһιˡ
ʦү˵ͷԭˡһһ£֪λıǴõأ
ǿ˿ң֪˵ʵʵǼٻҪʦүţҲסüͷһ壬˵ʵ˵ҲЩͷˡ֮ǰõһ˵ռǡ
ʦү۾һࣿǲǸɸ֡šͷ࡯ˣȻҲ֪ǲǡͷࡱҺʦү˵һͬһˡҵ˵ͷ˵Ӧǰɣи֣ͷ
ǿһţһ΢΢ЦЦҲҵĻѻҲе⣬ȻҲʲôѵĸ֣֪ʶļٻֻռˡ
ʦү˵ͷڵ˺üĹ˺ܶĺöԼһ׺ܶصַֻǶǰͻȻʧˡǸͷȷʵİ֣Ӳ뿪
ҿʦүƹʦүıԿһ΢΢ź⣬˷ܾûйɡȻ͡ͷûйϵҲ˵֪ΪʲôڡУ͸ָʹȥˡ
˵û뵽ʦүȻ֪ˡʦүЦЦĺ֪ϡ档ôġҲǺ𶯡Ҷ֪Ǹɼҡһҵһ󱦲أпѾȥ˭Ҳ֪ˡôõǱʼأ
˵ʵ͵õⱾʼˡҲʶˣҲû˵ΪҶɵӲϤֻ˼ĶмŵġǱʼôģҾͲ֪ˡ
ʦүüͷ΢˵кܶĿԣǸϵдʲôأ˵ǸǳϸµˣǸӦǸжռǡдúʱصƻ
ʦү˵ͷţܷԸ񡣲ΪʲôڲŹȥأ˵Ҹû鵱һ¡Ϊ˵ǸĹһ֮ΪᡯҾܻԹĹأһǸ޻̸֮
ʦү˵ͷҡҡͷ˵֪ѧȷʵûʲôᡯΪĹһֺ֡αذ񵽵档ⷽĸ֣ǿǸеĸ֡ôףѵĹ᣿
ҵ˵ͷԣһֱŵġֱĽ棬Ҳšȷʵһһĵطͷ²ġЩᡯһҵġ
ʦүʵǸʲôıҿԿֻðѽóŵϡʦү˽µĿ˺ܾãŷ˽˵򵥣Ӧһ˭õõģүҪõеġ˵ţѽҡ
˽˵ˣǶϢɡҪ飬ȥġ
ʦү˵ͷ˵Ǻðɣλ˵
˵ʦүתˣ˸ڵķ䡣ҿ˿ǿͨ˵ôʦүǹ׷ģ˵ģ
ǿҡҡͷҲ֪һǸ޷뷨Ҹо˵ʱĲ֪һûѡ
Ҳͬǿ˵ҿ˿ͷѡͷߣĶߵ˵ѽҪСġҪ¶Ŀ֪𣿡
ͷһ߿ˡſҵĴϣ˹۾
ҡҡͷ˴ǿҲһŴϣ˵ơ
ǿ÷۶˵ĻѻҲˮƽҺһȻô죿һﲻƭģҵĶȻ治֪ôءҲԷһ£ǲ֪£Ϊ֮ǰһֱʦүǹġڿʦүǲ֪ģҸղŽıҲƽûʲôо
ǿ̾˿ͦ˵ģһŪúǲġôҲҪСϾʲôˡ
˵ǰ˯ɡ֪ôأϢòŻо񡣡ǿٺٵЦЦеˡٺ٣ֻϧûҹԡ
һаҾѣҺǿһ֪ΪʲôǶ˯úܳǿЦЦˣʱڣмеģһҿ˿ֱʱһҡ˵ʦү˵ʱǵʱ࣬ô˵ֻӡҿǻ˯һ
ǿڴ˵ǰɣôҾӦóڳȥԸͣ˽һԲԣ
ҿЦҡҡͷǲҳȥʱЩ̻ûпţȥᱻ˼Χ۵ġһȰɣ̿ˣ·˵ɡ
ǿ룬ɻص˴ϣ˵Ҳԣ˯ɣ
ʱҺǿһۣ˴


һٶʮ װ
ҵſڣ˷šʦүЦǺǵվ档һ
ʦүװҲˣһϯڳ㣬ԲڵĲЬһԲԲ۾ͷϴŹƤСñͺʱڽֱϵһ
ҿʦүʦү˵˼е硣ǵ˵ǸˡҾ͹ˡ˼
ҿЦҡҡͷûʲô˼ģɡʦү̧߽䣬еİӵҵĴϣЦŶ˵Щ·λϰɡǴӣϽֺܲ㡣
ǿ򿪰·ǳͶԽĹӣ˫ЬࡣǿЦЦʦүΪʲô㴩ųĻˡŪֶԽСӣͶ񰡣
ʦүСǿˣ֮Ըӵ·Ϊ£ΪλҪ죬Ҫֶţ·Ƿ㡣ǿúÿ·ǳеġ
аʦүȫǿ˼ЦЦ˵ʦүܵҲˡǿְ˽ŵĻ·һҲмٵӡ
Ҳ·û뵽е·ϵǺʦүָָ滹ʦү˵ǵİҲˣɣƤĳܽʵ
ҺǿİѱĶת档ؿǮ˼ҵүҲû֮ǰôˡ
Ҷʦү˵ʦү糿ġŪЩʦүЦЦ˵һϾͳȥˣЩǣٺ١ǿ˵͵ģʦү˵ݽ裬ݽ衣λ˯ùˣĲ֪λĻ£Ϣôãѵû
ʦүа֮⣬Һǿһۣ˯úһ㶯ûҿ˿ͷͷĶ䶯˶۾ſҡҲ֪ʲô˼Ҿáͷƺòûʲô
ҺٺٵЦЦʵԽķ̫Ĺƣ͡˯ЩҲûа취
ʦүɫлͣ˵ͷţҲԡҸǻʲôġʵϵʲôʦү˵ᣬè߹ҪᡣҪǸͣĻΪǾè
е㲻ʦү˼ʦүƺҵ뷨˵ͣǸ̽ǡǾԲè
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ҫǲµûʦүһ׷ȥɣʦү΢Цŵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵ׷˳ȥ׷˺Զȴû׷Ǹһʵ̫ˡҶֲǺϤֻٻʱ·һµ˳ǣЩ
ҵ˵ͷк֡Ǹյôͻ˸ǣ̽أ᲻᲻ǵģ
ǿ˵ǳȥԵ㶫ɣеˡʦүҲվҲǳȥҲ̽һϢ
ʰһ£һ˳ȥߵſڵʱƹվſڵĹ̨ϣǳˣϽкǻ·ĿҲòôˡ
óһƹ˵ƹģԻǮƹЦЦ˵Ǵ㣬ڿԻһٸ󡣡ЦЦһһ°ɣ
ƹĻæ֣ˣЩҵĵ궼и࣬ﻹ㵽ͷǸлɣҿɻ𡣡
ЦЦȥ緹ûǮ㿴ƹЦЦӹ̨óһԪͺܶӣ˵ð죬ЩţһԪʱҾˡ
ǵлʵƹģˮͬƹЦЦǰ־ǡˮͬ
ǵ˵ͷƹģߵ˽ϡ
峿Ľֵϣ˲ǺܶࡣܶС˶ʼˡġֱߵӶѾ֧˳Ҳ͡
ǿһը̯һҪʮ붹ԡʦүһ棬û˵ʲôѾϰˣЩ»ǿԵġ
ҿ˿ߵġͷ֪ͷǺܸðһߵ̯ϣ˼ͷˡͷǰ
ôṦǿһɵʮһ˶˵óԣǸʱĺóԵĶࡣҳһڣȷʵǿ˵ִࡣ
ʦүֻǺ˼ڶԣ˰ͣﶫ
ǿҪһ붹ԺǳԱˡŶӷꡣ
ʦү˵ǡˮͬʱˮͬе㲻һǸʱҪܶ࣬ĹģӦҵˡ
Ҳ˺ܾˣʦүĿҲʾͬʦү˵Ҫأҿ˿ǰĺͬͨһ·˵žǱߣСһ棬ӦиԺҪʱûĻӦװ
ȻҵĻ䣬һдǸС洫˳ʱ¹ڲ˳һܣһߴĽеɱˣɱˡ
ʦүһüͷʱˣǵҪ˭ǿЦЦ˵Ȼɱ˵֡ʦү˵ǻȥץ
ûж˵ץˣϾɱˣץˡǿ˵ǰƤǸҵ˵ͷһǰƤǸʦү˿ңƤȻɱ˷ҿ˿ʦү˵ȥһںͬ档
ʦү룬վʲôͬ첽ȥ
ҿʦүıӰǿ˵ǰƤ֮Ӧǻƶ֮ЩˡҿҪϼˡֻƶ͵ׯɱϵ֮Ҳ֪ǲˣǾҪȵǼ˶ɱ˲ܶ֡ǿҪüɣ
ǿüͷе鷳ҪǻصԺͺˡҡҡͷ˵ЩʲôãѾˡҲǿԶ˽һе飬ˣҼǵǸͷš
ǿ˵㣺ǰʦү˵öԣ֮֮ҲͰĵİɡ
ţƷľӽβ˹ܽǸСӡǿЦЦ˵ʱľ쵹Ƕܿ졣ҪҪȥҡҡͷʲôɿģҶˣĵúܡą̊́ɡ
ǿ˵ͷúõģŪʱըʦү֪ʲô·ôŵĸо
ҲָоڱԹҲûʲôáóˡз䡱˵ϸһֵȥסЩҪҵбۣӣ۾ƬĸһһУ١
ϸ˵ˣϴˡȥ
Ҷǿ˵СҾͷˡһǹ֣Ǯתת˵Ҹõط֡


һٶʮ ѺƤ
ҺǿţֻʦүҴҵĸ˻һƨҵߣûƽʱĵһδӡҺǿû˵ôʦү
ʦү˶ָֻƽʱӡ˿е㲻˼˵ҿǸˣ֡˱˰ƤôģƤȻǵôҿһ㵶ۣӲǰ˴Ƥ漷Ƶá
Һǿûд𻰣ʦүʦүʵȻ֪飬ôһ֪˭ˣ
˵ֻ֪֪ǼһﲻˡΪץֵġʦү˿˵Ѿ˰ôץ֣һģʦү˵ǵӣһﻹӣ
ҵ˵ͷԣǻӣٻҪ߸ˡ⼸졣ʦүüͷһ壺ҲҪץһֺα߸ˡԸǣץסǸɱ˵֣ǹ
û뵽ʦүУҲǸڰƤ˵ڱң̼ʦүҡҡͷʦүȱ𼤶֮ǰҲģǴɹʶǲƻʷֻǾЩˣͻıʷЩӦ÷飬ͻı䡣пܾͲصˣ߼Ͼûа취ͱ˻߼
ʦүϾмʶ֪ʶˡһ˵ͷԣ˵öԡһʱûһ㡣ʲô
˵ǿҪ죬ڵȻȥǮȻ͵Σһķ顣ץҪץǸһǵžͷůļҡ
ʦүЦЦҲáҪöɲȥأҡҡͷҲ֪ҾԽ٣ӦӰԽСɣʵҲǵһδԽûʲô顣Ҳ֪Ӧô
ǿվ˵ʵֻҪˣͻкۼкۼͻӰ졣ôеӰġҿ˳ȻɡߣǮȥ
ҵ˵ͷҲվ緹ʣǳô࣬Ȼֻ˼ӡͷȥ
һ·ϵĽܵͰȻûǸʱ޽ƯǵҲһζʦүЩоһߣһ߸ǽšǿҲʦүĲѧ𾪣šһֱ߳ˮͬ
ںͬһУ˽ȥûʲôһһٸ˷˷֣Աʱ֮衣
˺Զתһֱ֡ˮͬӿ϶һЩɵĽһЩУҼĻλãӦĵҵ֡ԭǸʱ򣬾ôˡղڡˮͬþֵͦģȣͺũĴ󼯺ͷ鿴ȡ
ͻȻҷڶУһʽĵ̡дšѺ
һ㶡Ǹġ¥ҼǵãʱĵǸ¥֮ǰһ̡ѵԣ˵ǸںأôһأѵصǸ¥֮ǰԭģ
ڷ㶣ʦүʵ¬ôˣڿʲôҡҡͷûʲôֻڿǸ̡ʦү˿˵ѺҼǵҵֵĽβҲطи¥ѵǡ¥ǰ
˵Ҳ⡣û£ȥһǿһνӣʦү˵ͷѺȥ
һߣһ߻ǸûָĻܿˡڶʮǰӺܹġ㡱ǿɾͺ˼ˡ
ʱѾ߽ˡѺ߸ߵĹ̨վһźʦү࣬ҲԲԲ۾ˡǽˣֻǷ˷Ƥû˵ʦүߵ˹̨ǰ棬˵ƹġûжϵĺû
Ǹĺʦү̧ͷ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵λϰ壬롣Ǳõ棬лƶ衣֮Ǹƹʵ֪λҪʲôأ
ʦүٺٵЦЦҪʲôˣƹ˵ôʦүҡҡͷҶԽӲȤҽӿ˵ԼĽǿԿƹĿ˿˵ǶԲλҲ֪ϰϲԼĶǲģǲİáһ㶣û뵽Ȼˡʵǵϰհƹ˵Ŷϰջơ
ҰԵͷпͬһ㡱ԣ϶ԣԲɺϡ
ʦү˿ңֿ˿ƹ˵ôûʲôرһģ鱦뿴ƹĵ˵ͷתȥˡʱһ̣ź첼첼м鱦
ʦүֻһۣЦЦ˵ƹģЩһĻɫƲأûʲôأƹ۾˿ʦү˵λȻǸмңҸһ
˵Ŷ˽ȥʱֶһЩ˳
һصĶԺϴεĲһеĶⱦԡһССƤҡȥǸƤʦүֺһԭʦүҲǶһۣЦЦ֣˵ʦү㿴ɡʦү˵ͷǸƤ
ʦүչƤдӬͷС֡ʦүԱߣдʲôƹЦŵݹһŴ󾵣ʦүӹ˿βҡҡͷ˷Ŵ󾵣Ƥݸҡ
ҿ˿ʦүҿʲôֿ˿ƤȻֺСҾͿԿˡֺ֣ҿǿĺǸʶٿƤȻɫġɫȡͷëɫҪһЩ
üͷҵӡҺûмɫѵȾɫģлǲСŪϵɫҰƤݸǿǿƤϸؿ
ҿ˿ʦүʦүƹ˵ƹģƤǮ
ƹ˵˵ʵʱҲ֪ʲôдʲôֻ֪ⶫЩͷˣֵǣⶫʲôӶУرղأҲӡҪʶⶫĻ֪һ
ʦүû˵Ǻһڲ衣ǿƤǿ棬֪ǲǿöȴмɵɵĿżˡ
ƹĵʦү˵ʦүȱһӡ²豭˵ֻҪҼǮˡˡѷ档
ͨǿ˵ǿʦʲôǿ˵֪֪ûɫƤҲ֪һ㣬˵ҲˣʦүҲˡҲܸȤ㿴ô棬ǲʶдĶǿҡҡͷֻʶַЩַģЩַǰģʣµľͲʶˡһ仰塣


һٶʮ ɽׯ
ֿͨ˿ǸƹġǸƹĴʱеΣЦ˼˵ԭˣ˶ʮԪʱܳˣϢôҲҪʮԪˡʦү˵ͷܺ˵ſ˿ҡҺ͸ϽҵԪʦүʦүԼһҲ˳ŵϡ
ƹļûнǮֱӾ͸ˣһ¡ЦЦǮʦүվ˵Ǿ͸ˡ˵һ֣һ˳ȥ
֪֪飬ҿȷǡ¥ǰֻûмϰ壬ǵõôƤҲ֪ʲô
ǳ¥ڽתһȦҷ˾ڵλáĿ˼۾ûпǼˡ
ھĶ棬һ͹ݣ˽ȥԼŵ·߽Ʈſ͹ݾúǻ
һ¥ڵλãÿԿؿˡ
ǿûżҪԣһֱƤʦүûʲôıʾȻҲܽƤûдǿǿ˿һ롣ֱҰһţǶɵˣǿŷеƤ
ʦүûҪԵģֻҪһȡһСһСڵšǿƤʵǿôáǲǿʲôأǿεҡҡͷҾǺ뿴ףһǿסȻ붼ûˣӦ֪ʲôɣ
ҲʦүĴ𰸡ʦүȴҡҡͷ˵ʵҲֻ֪Ǿⶫֵ֡ĸоⶫһֵĵطֵáôҲ˵ʵҲ֡
ҵͻȻǿ֪ǿ÷ۺ˵ǿ˵ҸеǶеܲײһʼҲûоҷ˹оҿģ˲Ķ
ǿ˼ŪƤֺйϵҲȷʦүǲ֪ǲǿԿöֵ˼
ǿƤݸʦүԼţšʦүϸؿǱƳһۡͻȻĸ˽˳һĳƲ˳һٵӡ
ϸһҪҵĸˣбۣӣ۾Ƭӡһ˾Ȼ֮ǰҲھпǣڿʵʵڵľһȥ˵仰ĳ嶯
ͻȻŅ̀ͷڵλÿһۡúҵԡ
ֻ˲䣬һкصĸоһδˣ֪⼸ͻһĺܲҡҵĵֻģָое㲻ʱҿһӰĸ˵һӶȻǶĶܿ죬һǿúһֻèһֻè
һֻè;Ҽҵֻèһģһֻèôܻѵ
ǿеҵ춯÷۶˵㿴ʲôˣ˵ҿèˡ֪ǲֻèǿһˣΪҺԺأ˵Ҳģֻèʵ̫ˡʦүҲ˵жû׷ϣ¾èɣ
ǿüͷҲɣèҲֻɡ㻹Ǳɹˣ˵˵ҶۼҪǲǣҲǶһ²һ¡
ҵ˵ͷ˵öԣǻǸϽǵ飬Ͻȥɡ
ҿĸһ˳ȥʧڽβ
ʦүͻȻ˵⼸ֺģתͷʦүʶʦүҡҡͷֻǼַ񣬲ûʲôʵ塣ʵѾˣȥԺÿ쿴Ƥ
ʦүǲģ૵˵ôɫƤѵĶǿ̧ͷ˿ҡҲû˵
˺ܾãҿĸббĻˣһǺ˾ƵġԭҺ޹ϵĸˣھȻԽԽϤҾȻʼǣһ뵽Զе㲻ζ
ʦүʼղ˵һֱĿƤҺǿֻż˵仰ȻǶʦүֻ˵һЩ޹ؽҪĻ
ʦү̧ͷ˵ǻҪʲô飬ȥɡҲȥҾǡ
ҵ˵ͷҲã뵽ׯǱ߿ܲҵһƧĵط֡ϻջɡ
ʦү˵ͷͷƤҺǿšͷ˳ȥ
ڽţǿ˿ʵôˣЩˣе㲻̾˿ǰǣ֪ǵںǺǿȻ֮˱пɺ֮Ƕ˵һǡ
ǿҵļ򣺡̫ˣǻǸϽ°ɡҵ˵ͷ
ڽϹһ˳ǣǲԶһɽĽ¡˵ׯڰɽҵϲȥȥɣǡ
ɽȻɽһõķӡǰһ¯ûȼ㣬ð̡澲ĵģӦû˵ġ
ûнȥڷӵΧתһȦǿԾɭɭġóһһŷֽ滭һšаߵſڣ˵йĪ֣ȫѡаϣ˽ȥ
沢ͣľ׸Ƕĸӡɼʬġűϣһ̳߰İŶڴݵĺ棬иСݣǿׯ˾סġ
ƹײģСſڣ濴˿ֻƹײİӴɵĴ̡һıӣûˡ
һǵãʱׯʱЩ˵￴ص˽ϰʱſڴϽҵطʱһͷˣžƿҡҡλε˽
˵ͷŲ֪ʲôС߽Сݣһͷڴϡס
ǿӶصĵط˳ָָǸ˵˭˵Ҳ˽ϰǿׯˣĻǿﶯ֡
ǿ˵ͷ˼Ҫչﲼץסҵ˵ͷǵʤŻЩҿﲼ󡣡
ǿ˵ûʲô⡣ôأҡҡͷҲʱ뵽µģһûǻʱ롣
ǿ˵ͷʱ䣬áϰô죿ҪҪŪĵط
ҡҡͷǸʱֻҪԼͻҵطˡƫƧֹɭɭģһҲʲôҪﲼ󡣡
ǿ˵룬ķģǿԲһ󡣾ܺá
ֿ˿ܵ򵥵оһ£߳ׯ


һʮ ƽ
Һǿƻص˿ջʱѾȫˡǿһֱԹ̫ĵںЦ˵ˣǿŪǼһҪöࡣ˵ҪʮŪһһ˭ܿġ
ǿٺٵЦҿûôǮû˵жǺ̸ܽЦ˵ǰûмһ춼ĳŶλĴŴӦҲǸˣҪ󸻴˲ġķеĺϰһĺһ
һţ˵ĺǲǸСأǸȻ֪ʲô˵˼ҲûֱǸϳ˵Ѻϰ壬ƽ𡣡
ѺֺţعʵôѺϰҲһǸϳЦ˵ҲְĿӦǱصģô᲻֪ôˡƽ𣬻ƴϰ壬ģô󣬶Һгѣкܶ˸˼ǮƣȻ
ȤʵǸ̵ϰ壬ôôϳЦЦֻǸСôֻ֪֪кܶ¡
ҳһ£ѵһǸ᣿ϳһ㶣˵ʲôʲô᣿ǿһЦ˳˵û£ǱߵĻ˵Ǯơ˵ֻúٺٵЦЦ
˵䣬Ѿ˿ջϳĿ˿ǣϣôǮסﰡһΪסнǱߵջأ˵Ǿ߰£סҲǷ㡣ˣĳô
ϳȻģǸãһǡóһ˸ϳУգϳĽӹ󣬿ĵĲˣ˵κҽκģһ͵ſڵǡ
ҵ˵ͷҷġҲ̫硣ôҲûгԷҲˡҸõطȥԷɡѡ
κЦŵ˵ͷ͵ǰġ캣¥ɡĲĲֲ󡣡ǿ˵̫ˣҶòˡȥ
ЦЦ𼱣ʦү߽˿ջƹĽгʦүһκˡ캣¥
캣¥֣кܶĿˡκƺϤҵһСǴ¥ϵһҪöࡣʦү⡣Ҷκ˵Ҳ֪ʲôóԣ㿴Žаɣ»Ǯ
κЦ˳ȥʦү˵ǵôҵ˵ͷ˳أоƤоôʦүʧҡҡͷûʲôͷҵͷˣǾ벻ס
ЦЦ벻׾ȷһŰɡȵСƣһ¡ʦү˿ңЦЦϳĺȾһûô򵥰ɣЦЦҲûʲôǴ̽һѡ׻ҲҪԷ
ʦүЦЦҲãûʱκ˽״ЦŶ˵ϾͺãλȺȲɡ˵Ÿǵ裬ó̷ŵϣ֪ϲϲ̡
ҺǿǴ̣̣óһκǵˣԼҲһ֧һʱż䵱ڡʦүüͷƺ̫ϲζҶκ˵˵˵Ѻϰƽ£
κЦЦ˵˼Ǵϰ壬֪Ҳ࣬Ҳ˵һЩǾ죬˭Ҳ氡
ʦүһ˵ǡѺϰƽһȤǳζҲںˡ۾κ
κ˵ϰ壬Ǳˡ֪ϽģҲ֪ǴġͻȻ֮䣬ðˡѺҲͲʮꡣõû˵Ǵ⣬ǵ̣鱦Ρϰ岻Ӫ鱦ΣԼҲζǾƷܶϲġ
ʵΪʲôô£ѵʲôɣκ˵ǮȻԸ׷棬οϰΪʮֺˬύ˲ٵĺѣҲԸǮࡣ
˵һǲףṆ̀жǮأʦү˵ֶϴǮģЩ̰ǮתһȦøɾˡֻ߿ߡ취кܶࡣûʲôϡġ
ʦүʵκǸϰǸʲôˣκһ˼˵ϰ˹˹ĵģʮ꣬Ϊ˲Ҳû˵ʲôõ飬࣬ȼˡ
ʱ½ڵһҲˡκǵ˾ƣһ
òϣκûнܴĶĺܺóԡǿĶ˵ôʳԭζûζصġ
ʦү˼ڣʵϰѧôκ˵ôҾͲ֪ĵ̣п׵ĶҪ˵ͨǸѧʼңһ˵һ书ֻ˵Ƕûм
ʦүһ૵˵ϰ岻򵥡ҿ˿ʦүʲô򵥣ʦүһһѾƣ˵Խ濴ûˣԽŴ⡣
ҷʦүƤе߻ħԡҲòʦүʦүﲻǵĵطЩ鲻ִ̫ˡ
ʦү˿ң̾˿ڣ˵öԡҺеִˡʦү˲٣Ҳ˿ڿǿû˵ȫľ񶼼ϣƴ滮
ͷͷκʵĹǹֵģֻǳͷǸЩͷɣЦҡҡͷˣԭĹԻġֻصġϰˡ
κֵĿ˿ͷͷҲκͻȻ֡ͷУʲôӿͷ֣ƺʲôǿѹԼκšͷ޹ƺһ˿¡ҵоһô£
ͷԴ˵ͷԣҪԡúóԶͷƺ˵⣬ڿκˣǶԼǰͷרĵĳͷ
ҿ˿κ˵Ǹ֪Ĳٰˣ糿˸ɱ˰֪𣿡
κ˵ͷ֪͡ˮˮͬǸԺҵ죬˱ʦүֹκ˵ȥ˵ҿˣ㲻ˡеġ
κٺٵЦҲˡҾͲ˵ˡҸǣһӣҲʮ쵱УѾǵˡɱ˰档Щ˶æˡҲûһͷ


һʮһ 
ע۲κ͸ղŵκе㲻һﲻһ˵κ˵ĿĭɣҲҿ˵ɡһֱ˵˿ˣǲŽ硣κѾֵ⣬ҡҡλεİ͵˿ջҡҡλεĸųߵˡ
ʦүƹ˺͵ǵķӱϡǵ˲裬˵ƽһǸʵҲָоӱϿԽˣЩ顣ƽǮȷʵЩ׵ġҾǵ£Ҷ鲻ǺܸȤֻǶƤȤ
Ҷʦү˵ʵҶǸƽûʲôȤǺǻҲûʲôϵֻǹͣҿɲ¡ǮƣǻǲҪɣҶǺƤǺܸȤ
ʦү˵ͷ֪оһǸƤҲûʲôչһҲ뻻ǶȥⶫǸϳŪȾƣҲɣ
ЦЦǰ˽Щһ˽һڻƽûʲôȤ
ʦү豭һ˵һֱƤ⣬еϵһҪ취Ū˵վ˵˼λϢɣһҪоƤ˵һת˳ȥ
ǿ˿ң˵ʦүǲ߻ħˣЦЦϲооɡǻоǵ顣
˵ҵһֽһ֧ëʡ滮ׯׯΧǿȤĿţ˵ҲһͿԻͼ
ЦЦⶼھУѧģҪڰֳֳͼ˵Ǻѡǿ˿һͼ˵һطҪʲôأҶͼſ͸ҵϵ󷨡ǸׯǰһСƬĿյءׯҲķġڷλ˵ǶϷʺϰһйص󷨡һĻ󣬿ºѶԸͷǾҪһͻйصļƷ󷨡
˵Ǿׯλðһ׵ػһû⡣ǿץץͷʲô׵ػ󡯣Ǻġ¾ͽˡҵʱ磬ܳȥˡ
ҵ˵ͷǱģǻҪ취ȥǿ˵ͷȷʵͷҪú롣ûа취ǸһǲҪһBƻأ
ҡҡͷʲôBƻܰǼһֻӲǿǿǿٺٵЦ취ϲ̾˿ҵȻҲ֪취ֱӣĻǻķѺܶĹҪȥɾͲˣһʲô⣬ǿɾҪˡӦöǻۣٷϹȫԼΪϡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵Ķԡȥһׯһ߻ˡҵ˵ͷǿʹ˸ɫ˵Ϣɣ컹Ҫ𡣡
ǿ⣬Ϩ˵ơǸ˴áͨǿ˵ûиоǸκ⡣ȥ֮ٻЩһ
ǿ˵ԣҲˡһ㶣ʲô˼ǿ˵ͷһע⵽ͷ׵㣬Ǵ׵洫ġ
ҺһСӷô࣬ôңǿЦЦڳԶֲһʱֺα˵ͷѾųһ°Ǹκ˵ԼƣҲȻٺ٣ˡҿǸκǸܣһʲôħʩ˷
üͷʲôãܰôأǿҡҡͷ˵ҾͲ֪ˡҲʲôȤ̽һ°ɡ㻹ǵ֮ǰҼǸè˵ҵԸǣ
һǰҲˣǿһʲôϡ棬ҲҲǿܾǸҲ˵룬˵ô˳ĳ˿Ͳٰһʦү֣ô˵ҽ쿴ĺèͲҿˣӦþǸ㱨ŵǸèˣǿЦЦһнпܡ
̾˿ΪȫȫĶԸͷû뵽ôҡ֪Щһˣǻ᲻Ӱ졣ľǸˣʦү֣ûе֣ˡ
Һһô˵ʦүˣǿ˵ͷôûˡ
ͻȻ˷ᣬһ޻ڵϵ˺Բˡǿһ۾ˣ˵ˣᡣҪƽʱһǿЦ˵ڹһȻһ˵ʱöࡣ𼱣ǼһҪô
Ƕ˵ˣ˺һ󣬲ķȻķֲͬǺܹķͺнҡӡ
ҿ˿ǿʲôǿ˵֪ʲôȷ磬ˡ򣡡˵Ǹģ֪ʲôʦүôû˶Ķ䲻Ǻܺãôû֣
ǿһҿ˼һǶǸƤأȻⲻˡôҪҪȥһǸһ˵ҲãƽҲͣĶԸͷǼһǴģǲöԸ
ǿ˵˵
ͻȻǷĴһɹַ紵ˡһӰվ档ҳ˵˭ǺӰ˵תܡҺǿСͷܳ˴䵽ȵС
ʱѾҹտյģûˡǺӰȵľͷһΡͲˡáͨǿ˵ȥǿһƾͼƣǻɡ
չi׷ȥǿ͡ͷظں档ȵľͷһȴǺӰڴǴ䵽˿ջĺǺӰƺڵǣһֵЦתܡ
ͻȻתһӰ˵һ죬һʼǸӰץȥ֮ǰĺӰһ㶣תͶ㿪ҺǿȥһС˫ҲǸӰץȥ
ǺӰڿն˰֮СҲĺӰȻʦүʦүһǸӰڿնҲһݶͬʱеһҪܣ
ǸҪϷͻȻǺӰڰ֮УһչһԣܴĳһԳ͵һȣһɹַ磬һɶζϮǿһ˵һ
֪ǿ˵κϵζһġ
¹£ϸĿһۣǼһﳤһԾ޴ᣬ壬гֻ߸ߵǷһ˵ĴԭһǸ


һʮ Ⱥ
ʦүʱѾһߵķϣһǸҲһеùһš˵Ŵӷһȥ
ǿҪȥȴһסҺ뿴ʦүʲôʲôС
һȾ޳ᣬڰкƿ㿪ʦүһţͬʱǸĿǡǿһԴѾУӶȣȥ
һҲֻöˣһ֣еġҫʡһޣȲȥеʦүһգڿһһ㷿ܣٴڿնץȥ
ͬʱ֣԰еγһ͵ᣬڿתϾȻɳСӰǵص˹
ҺǿڵϣһЩСӰϽУ乥Ϊءʦүڰ֮УһѾþʵѱˡ
ǿеãС𡣡ſϷɳĹȻСһӶšҫʡǰȦҫʡϵػȦסЩɹС𡣰ЩС׷״ɡ
ǿһ֣һӡеƿӡܵĿһǽһӵס˷ɹȥС
ʦүڰУ޴ӱСЩСһ˵ʦүϡʦүһҽдӰеڵء
Һǿһҵ˵ȥȥԸ𡣡˵ţ˳ȥ
Ѿ䵽˵ϣһֻ֣ϵָһ߶೤ڷץǹֻûеߣͲһɹҸеұʲôƾվץסˣáֻĿǹץ
ҷţǸ޷ѡ鼱֮£ҴһڡһӰӺ˹͵ײ˹ȥǡͷҵĿھǶĽԷֹˡ
ͷһͷײĶϡ⧲ײ˸Ҳеѹһûˡһҫʡֱ۾ȥͷһ֣һţȥ裬ʺҧȥ
͵ᣬڿնҺ͡ͷĽ䵽˿մͻȻʦүǱһһĽһ㶣Ǳ߿ȥֻЩС𶼵˵ϡʦүŽǿҲֲ֪롣
ʦүһ𣬻κβҡл˵ţҸеǰһΣʦүҵȥҺǿģǺʦүǰ¶еı졣
ʦүǲûʲô㾡ȫĶԸ
ʦүڿնеȥһͣڰաһţһɺĿʦүȥһŨֺ̲סеʦүСġ
ʦүڰУЦһֻͬʱƳŷ֣ʦүֻ쳣İ𪣬޳ʵʲơɼĹ˫ϡ
ȻʦүƳǹڵһӱ˻ȥӭȥһΣȻĸһģһʦүΧ˵Сʦүһʹһǧ׹˵档
һ̧ͷſУĸͬʱȶ򡣹ַĸǷȳǵشǽ²ȣȻˡҪվǽֿ޴ֻ໥ѷţǿվ塣Ƕ磬ȴԽԽǶֻʣºķȳζ
ʦүǴĽʲôǵĶֻзʦүڽʲôʦүң͵ذͷ˹ͶҵĶ䣬ؽеǡտռ䡯ǵĽ硣Ҫ취ȥ
ˣһʱҲ벻İ취ʵ̫ȳĺܣ˸޷о˼·ֻáͨʦүĻ߸ǿ
ǿȴ˵û𣿡ͷŷ֣ͷȻûвһϲϣ
ʦүȴ֪ͷ档ɿץҵ֣һֻ֣統ȥһƱûڷУûһķӦʦүҪһƣͻȻǷֳС𣬱ȸղŵЩСҪСǼСצǻûô£Ͼͱ˵ӣЩ˿ȻǺǶѪʹ
鼱֮£ʹˡһ˹С𡣿СȴԽԽࡣûбɵģˤϣСצһӾץסǵƤ⣬Ҫ۵ǹֽ
ЩСһѪͲͣҸеϵѪϵرЩСߣȥһᱻ˸ɵġ
ǿ˿ң򾱼ġսħơһקƼ⳯ϣдʡǡսħơ͵سȥͣĸͣڰУڿǡǿšսħơݺݵһȥǡսħơֻҵһӰǿһ£òײסΡ
ʱߵʦүҲһһȥҲ˸աһӶšҫʡеһȥͬǸӰʱֻʣһˡͷͻȻӷϴ˳һ
ǶضţšͷһЧǡͷڱصõһˣҲ˿աһȻҲǸӰͷӰУصˤ˵ϡڵϴһվڲûˡ
Ƕɵˣû뵽ĸǻӰƣͻȻݶϴһһӰǶһٿϵĺӰȻǸڵѾû˸ղŵᣬذ壬ϵǱץ˵ĺۼϾȻĸѪ鶯ţѾǿ֮ĩֻгûнȥˡ
Ƕ֣Ҳ̧ͷ򷿶Ͽȥһֻèͷϣ¹⣬èͷĺӰͶ䵽ҵǰ
ֻè׷ȥֻèͷһʧˡ
ٿϵûг׵Ķҿʵ㻹˭ֻɫ۾ңЦһҡҡͷͶǵǰһΣֻҪˣһֻҵĸ첲ô
ǿҡҡͷûˣˡҰ˰ɣʦүȴҡҡͷУɢ˰ɣ֮ǡҵ˵ͷ˵ʦүİɡ
ʬ壬СľͷЩľͷ͸ɲ͡һѻ𣬰ʬӵ档˲ûʬ壬ͬʱĳʦүʵʲôŪģ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ҿġʦү˵ͷǵǣϵһǶģҪǡͷ棬һΪǡͷġ


һʮ Ļϰ
ҿ˿ͷС쿴ңЦǻЦӺ˵ұʵģ¿ɲҪҡҺˡͷһۣ˵ﲻֹһ񻹲һҲ
ʦү˵ͷҲһζԸ֣˵ֻͦҪûǿķһʱĻѲǿЦЦʦүĹҲΪװҪû㣬ǶԸ˰
ʦүĿһۣĪһЦҿһɣλĹûȫʩչˣǻȥɡ
Һǿе㲻˼ô˵ȷʵʵڱʦүˣеҲסʦүֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ
ĵĻص˷䣬ǿһϾͶҳüģҿǿӣҡҡͷ˼ֶˣǿ˵ͷ˵ֻѹɣԸԣͳ԰ɡ
ǿĵ˵ǰɣӦʳƷ֪㷽ҲǺõġʵġ˵ôطûϿķ𣿡
ҡҡͷﲻǵҲûʲôֽĿҲʲô¥ԺʲôĻῪŰɣҪȥԣǿһҿɲΪ˳Ե㶫ðʧΣա
תͨǿ˵ǲǸèҿèˣǿɵ˴ϣ÷۶˵һˣҪûǿҪԸֻǿҪó汾¡ʦүе㲻˼ˡ
ҿЦһǲӦøлֻèأǿҲЦЦҵûҸ֪жٶǹˡüͷǰΪʲôôĶǹأ
ǿ˵Ҳˣǽ롮֮šʱŶ˺ܴķΧҲСԲŻ顣ҵ˵ͷ˵Ҳеȥèʦү֮⣬ʲôŹأ
ǿЦЦ˭˭ɣ¾Сҵ˵ͷͻȻֱۺϺϵƿ˿ЩСץƵĵӣȻ˺ɫ𣬶úܡҶǿ˵ûиееǿ˵ǰղҲеû£ڿǲ˶ˣ
ϸ˿Щ˿ڶúˡ塣ǿ˵㻭ϴϴû˰ɣ
óֽһ߻һ˵ваҵķǺûнҿáٻ׵㡣ǿ˵һôʦڣһͳаɡ
ʱѾ˷䣬һˮáλ𡱻˷䣬ѷҷŵС˵԰ɣˡԡ÷ˮϴһ˿ڡЩ˿һմˮһƿˣĺѪ˿ֱ˷ۺɫȻеʹǺõġ
ǿҲϴ˿ڡֲ鿴ˡͷСӵϾȻû˿ڡֻһŷպˣȥϢˡ
ڶһ磬Ǿͱ֮ˡҺǿ˴غ֣ʦүǱȴûжҶǿ˵ȥŪ·ɣǵ·λˡȥʦүǱ߿е㵣ġ
ǿ˵ͷ˿ջ
ҵʦүķ䣬ţûжʦүΪҲҲӦ֪ˡȻûзӦ棬Ȼһˡ
ţǴˡһʱļʹһ˨Ӧ
Уֻʦүſϣֱ߻Ƥҿʦүֱϵ˿ڣ˺ɫģ˿ڶˡҸϽʦүʦүϹ̣־壬ôҲвѡ
Ұʦү˴ϣиϽϻķһˮѷҷŵ档÷ˮϴʦү˿ڡЩ˿ϵĺˮ¶⣬Ѿæһĺˡ
ʦүߣʦүʱǿҲˡʦүӣ̾˿Һǿ·ֻصʦүߡ
ʦүĵת˿ʵǣôˣ˵ǱЩСˣ塣͡ʦү˵оƤԣûеʲô֪ľͻ赹ˣ֮ʲô֪ˡ
˵ûˣѾϽԼйͿԻָˡȻ·Һǿȳȥˡʦүĵ˵ͷллˣ¬
ҺǿصԼķ䡣ǿ˵ѾˣǸκôû˵û£ȵջĵط㡣κҪˣƹĸˡǿ˵ͷ
ƹ˻߳˿ջ治Զĵط͡һ룬ˮͬѰȥֻĸ죬ѹһ߹
ĸеĸ죬ѺŵǸҲǻƶһжˮͬĻһġǴԩƶѻƶؾ
ҿĸ죬һӣ֪ԼҪˣֻΪ˿񣬶ˡҰ̾˿֪Щǿɺ޻ǿٿƶһľګͲ֪ʲô¡
ǿЩ˴ǰ߹źָָܶ˵ʲô
˵ǸǻƶЩһԩ治֪Щǿǿɺޣ
ǿҡҡͷעģˡκܵȥˣⶼʲôʱˣôǲǮˣҡҡͷģҿҲϺˣûͻȻʲô˵ԣ㿴᲻һϱǸˣҲ壬ˡ
ǿҲһӣԣпܣǼһﵽסҲ֪Ӧȥﰡ
վ˵뵽Ҳ֪ˡˡǿҲ꣬վҪһߣͻȻǰˡеˣ߸ߴ󣬴ųеĳ滹һһԲԲĽ˿۾ӵˡ
˵ǵǰҿ˿Ǹˣ˵ϰ岻֪ʲôأǿһ㣬÷۶˵ô֪ǻƽ𡣡˵ܼ򵥣㿴ĴţġִŽߵ۾ǿɲǱ˻ҪģջͣһʱộֲʶˡѺƤ˭
ʱվǰǸЦЦλСֵܣǺǱ˰ɣĿмֱصĿǡЦ˵ҽ¬ϼǱصģ⡣֪ϰʲôأƤǸǮģʲôɣ
ƽҡҡͷǣǣֻǺ֣Ϊʲô¬ôʹƤ¬һƤоֻ¬ͽһ


һʮ κ֮
ҵǶǰƽûʲôУȻһﴩĲģĵһͰ׵ģͲ鷸ƵĴҲ֪˲ò࣬ǲܿġ£ŰҸϳκʱӦ
˵˼ϰ壬е㼱£Ҫȥһ£ʲô飬Ժ˵ɡƽһ㶣ƺû뵽һܾһһʲôݣϰ㾹Ȼĵģ𾴾ƲԳԷơ
һ˵ʲôȴƽѵʲô˵ķݣ¬ǸǸӿ˿ңҧ˵Բ¬ұŵĻҲ޴ˡֻõ˵ͷ˵˼ϰ壬м£Ĵ¡ϰԭ¡
ƽ˵ͷ˵¬м£ҿɳǡҡҡͷ壬ˡе鷳леۣ˵ˣĺܼˡ
ƽЦŵ˵ͷ˵ɣʲôҪҰæԵҵġѺҡ
лƽ𣬺ǿ˳ȥһкܶ󳵵ĵطһ£׾ʹκסڡˮͬϵһŷ档һ·ҵκס
һиСԺķӣκͣԺԺ澲ĵģֻƥʱƿԺţ˽ȥһֱ档һ˴ϣκ档ڱһ˿ѪѾû
Һǿһۣǿ˵군ˣκˡüͷô£ѵ壿ǿһҰ鰸רҵԼɣҸѷ硣
һ㶣鿴һû⣬ΪʲôҪѷ磿ǿЦϻҪǶͻȻˣ˵ɱǱԩҵ˵ͷҲǿʦôȫ͡ͷȥɡ
ǿšͷ˳ȥһڷУһ׼ĵļң߰ģҶϸвûд򶷹ĺۼκֱ֮ڴϣû
ҲûʲôۼΪкܶĻҳ˭߹ºۼֻκһ˵ĺۼٿκʬ壬ɫ԰ףָڡ۽գһ˿ѪȻ˶ģҿǾԲ壬ϸز鿴ǺѪһЩɫĽᾧҲӦһֶҩпܵľ˪
κʬϣѾʬߣӦ˳ĸСʱˡûб˺ֻۣж
Ǿ˵κǱ˶ģ¡Ǳ˶ģǾͺûʲôϵˣ˭֪κЩйڡ뵽˳ȥ
Ժǿ棬档ͷſڵϡҳˡǿ˳һԺӣص˽ϡſջķȥ
ǿҵߣʵô˵ģӦ˪һĶҩġǿʵ˭ô
ҿ˿ǿ˵ô֪壬ͺ޹ˡǺκҲƼˮ꣬˭֪ʲôˡǸ޴Ӳңֻա
ǿ˵ͷҲ԰ǾǲҲûʲôãҲûʲôϵûκǿҪٹһˡ
ЦЦеǣǮ¹ͲȻȥʦүôˣ˵
˵䣬ǻص˿ջ߽ſڣƹĽסǣ¬㡣ʵ˭ƹĹ˵ǻƴϰ塣ҵ˵ͷǼˡƹ˵ǰɣϰ¥ϣӦǺ졣һ㶣û뵽ƽȻˣʦү졣
ƹĵлǿͷ¥ʦүķųţƽվſڡˣ˽ȥߵſڣƽҲӭ˳¬ˡ˼ˣ֪ǵôˣ
ЦЦûˣѾˡҺǿ߽˷䣬ʦүӱϣɫѾöˣӦûʲôˡʦүмĿһۣ˵¬ϰݷǡҵ˵ͷҺǿѾϰˣΪƤġ
ʦү˵ͷʱƽҲصߣĸ˶ˡƽ˵ղźʦүһ£ʦүȻǸѧ֮ˡֻҲ֪ƤдʲôҪΪźˡ֪¬λǿʲô⡣
ҿ˿һʧĻƽ˵ҵǺ֪ϰƤǴӺδõأ
ƽ˿ңһ˵Ǽǰһиġ֮˾Ͳ֪ȥƤʮҵʱҲڹϣҿһǵʲôҲ֪һʱ棬֮һֱоҲоȻ֮ÿÿȥ￴ŶҶóǲҪֻҪ˶Ȥһ֪ʲô˵λǮⶫΪһ֪ʲôԾðĹˡλ֪Щʲôĵϣλߴͽ̡
ҿ˿ƽ˵ϰ壬Ҫ֪ĿԸ㣬ҲоһˣҲûʲôͷҳϣǺһȷʵ˼Ծоһˡûнۣٺ٣˼ϰˣὲ۰
ƽ͸һ˿ʧЦЦ˵ǺǣôҲͬˡ˵Ż˻֣һ˽һǮϣ֪ΪȱǮȻͬˣҾͰⶫ͸λǮ򲻸յģ뼸λ°ɡ
ʦүЦЦŻƽ˵ʵҲһ㶼ûпǶƤ
Ҳ֪ʦүΪʲôҪ˵ҿʦүġٿƽɫһ±ˡֱĿʦүֿ˿ҡƺлҪ˵ջǰѻȥ
̻⣬ԭʦүƽ𲢲ʲô֪֪Щֻǲ˵ȡ֪Ķʦүų̽Ҳ֪ʦүǲȷġҲҵȤ
ʦү¶˸ĪЦݣŻƽ𡣻ƽʱѾָƽʵʲôΪʲôô˵Ҳ˺üˡǴӵ³ĴҲɢ˰ɣҲ֪ƽǲǹô˵ģ˵˵˵µڤŵ
ҺʦүһۣʦүЦ˵ϰ壬ҿǻҪоһʱ䣬Ҫʲôչһġƽ˵ͷ˵Ǿ鷳λˡĳ͸ˣϣλʲôһ档
Һʦүһ˵ͷ


һʮ 
Żƽ˳ȥüͷԼһ裬һںȵˡŶʦү˵ʦүôʦү˵ͷԼй֮󣬸оöˣӦûʲôˡҵ˵ͷ
ʦү˵ǵôˣôôͻˣ˵ϺǺȾƵĸϳκˡ
ʦү΢ʵˣѵҲ壿ҡҡͷҲ鿴ʬ壬ӦǱġ˪һĶҩġûйܣͻˡ
ʦү˵ͷȻûʲôϵκĵҲˡȻģΪҪöҩ
ҵ˵ͷģ֮顣ֲһʱҲ鲻ԾͲˡղų̽ƽǺΣյġ
ʦү̾˿Ҳ֪ǶƤʵʵȤˡǸƽȻʲô֪һ֪ЩģӦ֪Ƥֻû˵ʵֻ׳ǵĻ̲סԴ̼һ£Чһģһǵġ
̾˿˵֮òҪĽӴߣϣ鷳Ҳ˿ңЦЦѵ¬ƤûȤ𣿡һ£ҲòϣҶƤȤֻкܶ飬ûʱ顣ʦү˳ԣҵǵʦүŪʲôһ룬ʦүоƤǵ鰭ְţҲδһ¡
ڷʦүЦ˵˵ˡҲ֪¬һƤܸȤȥǵɡ齻ҡģһзִġ
ʵҶʦү˻ǺϿɵģСĽǸȻǽѵĺѡ񣬲ǿԷµˡҵ˵ͷʦү㿴ŰɡҺǿҪ졣ʦү˵ͷƤ
Һǿšͷ˳ȥһǿ˺ܶİӡ˵ׯǱûԵģŶ˳ԡ
ε˺ܳʱ䣬ŵɽ¡øԼˣɽ
ׯӣɽйģõġŵĽ棬ǸС仹ǿյģׯϰֲ֪ܵȾȥˡǴصׯſڣ˵ùײĵĵطֿ˿ͻȻҾùײĵλúЩ䶯
ԭײĲͣֹײһͷһͷСʽײġԭǴͷһġڱͷһ棬Сͷתһ档Ȼƶˡе㲻ԾΪʲôҪƶЩײأ
ͣ½ŲϸĿ˿µķ֣һײĸûˡҶǿ˵ǿʦе㲻ԾЩײƶǿ˵ȷʵ첻һѵϰˣ
ҡҡͷܣϰֻһˡײĶذôܰᶯǿ˵ͷѵбҡҡͷ˿ϵĺۼأǵĺۼ֮⣬ֻһ˵ĺۼǸЩӡĺܽľȻһ˵ҪӦϰȶ˻ȵ֮ûһĺۼ
˵кۼѵǹģǿһɭɭģйҲϡ档йĵطЩ»ҰǶ군𣿡ҡҡͷû£֮ǰ峡Ǳһ¾ˡ
ҵĻ䣬ͻȻǵǰһΡһСǰ䲻أһҿǡҲһЦСӣôͻȻͳˡһҲ˵
˵ҲŻеҾͳˣ㱨
ʵôʲô״ȻʣҲ֪ܿʲôΪ֮ǰҶˡ
˵Ҹһӣ˵ĸҶˡһôưҿһﶼһȺҷҲʲôЩ֮УЦʵǺأ
˵ԭΪˡϣһȥǡһ㶣˭ǣ˵һӲߺܶʵˣ࣬Ǽ죬أһͽӡ
ұŪȤ׷ʵǸ˵˭˵𼱰˵Ǹ˵׽ʲôҲ֪Ǹ˶иŴӵ˵ϰǸӾ͸Ǹˡ
Һǿһۣ׷ʵȻأûиŴȥأ˵ô᲻ȥأҸǵһѺĵطҸŴӼǸϰ塣ϰѯ⼸췢ɱһһĪչӣ˵ǸûͷŻϰ˵и취ôǽͬʱҲϣǰһæһƶô취˵Ǹƶһˣһɱģ԰⼸ӶԵƶϣֿԳƶֿԽϲ¡Ǹ˲ٵԪ
ҲصסˣΪеѾҿĶһˡڡ汾棬ƽĻʹ⵽ôأ
ǿ˿˵¬дģ㿴Ĳ̫һеżġģЦЦ㣬żŴӺǣҪֲԽֵܡȥɣ
˵ͷһΣʧˡ
ֽгˡһġҶԡ˵ǵǸϰˡ˵ͷ˵ȥʲô֡ҪСĵ㣬ҲᷨԿ
˵ͷϴȻΣյģİɣܵĹµһµġ˵һˡ
ǿһƵӣ˵ôԽԽˡ㲻Ǽʱ𣿡
üͷ˵ǵõ˽ֽ͡ħơܸˣֿԴԽʱգǾ͵֮ǰô׼ǻû뵽ǿ龰ܿǼٵġ
ǿҡҡͷҲûǵ֮ǰоҪҪŹؼߺŰŵ·ߣҵ˵ͷȷʵǻûжҿĶɣΪǾãǸؼߺڰǣ룬еˡ
ǿ˵ʲô˼ҡҡͷҲֻ֪Ǿ⡣룬ȣЩҪ϶ġĸ죬ҪġƶҲһҪġΪ֮дЩʷ޷ıġǵҲǲġǡǴС־ͻıˡ


һʮ פƸ
ǿԴ˵벻ץͷʲôϵ˵Ȼйϵ룬չڻƶϣôֻ˭أҲչߣǵǰװˡǺпܻزȥΪǸͷ֪
ǿһ£ĵ˵ͷе鷳ˣ˵ڣǷ߶ˣСŻƽҲҵҵǸչߣǷֵ磬Ȼĺ鷳
ǿ̯֣ǻҪҪ󣿡룺ȻҪڣ˭ôǸؼߺŪƹֻ䡣һҪ취ץͷ
ǿ˵ͷҡҡͷΪʲôҪأ
ҲòϣǿʦһһӵҪȷʵ⡣ؼߺֻΪ˰ǣͲƭǡҪԸǣӲðŪֱͿ԰Ǹ㶨£ȥһ⣬Ϊǣûб˿԰ѽóǸҿɷѿĵİΪʲôأ
뵽ͷˣǻ벻ȻҪȥ¶һǿͣǺܼ򵥵ġؼߺŰŵľһһǻǲ֪ĿģƺԸľתתȥһﲻǹǿ󣬶ǻ۸Զ
ĳߴһعȴǿһŰӴţҪǣͷȻҲһӣһšһûûΣһҪ˼⣬ҡ
Ҷǿ͡ͷ˵ǰǣ飬ڳԶׯǲ£ҲöŹײʬԶɣ
ǿŰӣ˵ԴʹͶһɡʲôҪϵģ˵仰ˡ
εҡҡͷڹص仯ˡصǻƽǸһǸһΣաǡǿЦЦʦүȽ̸ʦүԸǾʡĵöˡֻҪýˣһ֪顣
ҵ˵ͷǰĶҲûáϽ鿴Σ󷨵顣ǿڲڳ԰ˣǰǰת˼Ȧ˼ƻɽ
ɽµʱѾˡٵûʲôˡҺǿʩչڹٵϷɱţʱ͵˳档ǿЦ˵ǵĽ֪˶١
ҵ˵ͷˣˡǶٶȣڳŲΡ
ǿ˵˵ǻصջ᲻пƽ𣿡ҡҡͷ˵ʵ治Ȼһǿɣһ֪ôҲ֪һﲻưոݵġһǵģϣʦүһ˾ͿԶԸ
ǿʵ˵ƽǲǾչأ˵Ͽпܣе⡣չߣôҴȥɱƶأ˵ΪʲôҪɱǸƶأ
ǿ˵ǲҸ꣬߳ԱġҲеˣ˵ͷ˵ã
̧ͷ˿ԶĵطиСݡǿ˵ɡǱ߳Աġ
һСȥۿҪСˣһб˹һ㶣Ǹ˵ˣ¬ǿǺáϸһȻǸҳڲѷĻƽӡ
üͷ֪һûʲô¡ʵ֪ʲôأ˵¬ǻϰ硣ЦЦҿ˰ɣҺҵѾǰССһ£ҿطͻϰˡ
ʩ˵¬ʦүѾڸˡҲ˺ܾˣϣ¬дһʶҪ鲻㣬ϰһǵġ
˵е㲻˼ˡҿ˿ǿǿЦЦԶһȥﻹûǮȥˡ
εҡҡͷ˵·ɡһ֣һ˹һƣ
ʱͣһŵſڡ˳˿ŷ֣ǡѺĺţԭϰסġ
˰Ǵ˷档û뵽ƽǸɣһɫʽװޣ¯ƣҲ̻Ի͡ǵ˶¥һ䣬һųм̨ʦүͻƽڳţźźơ
ǽˣƽվ˵̫ˣڰ¬ǿˣ룬롣ҺǿŻƽЦЦʦүһߡƽ쳣飬˵ǽͣӷĴաΪʦү᲻ϲû뵽ʦүѧͺ˵ĺҲмأ˵ҲһϲȸϸţŰɣ
ʦүǸ߻ܵˣȻⷽЩ衣ҲЩҲУЦЦ˵ǾͲ˼ˣϰ壬÷һ߷ţšҪ׿֭
ƽ۾û뵽¬Ҳôԡ˵ֿ˿ǿǿ̧̧ͷֹƽ˵ǿؿʲôҪ󾡹ᡣ
ǿŲ˼˵ҪݡǶסͣûЦ
òϣƽķպܲڴ֮ǰûгζţšǳԵòˣƽ˵ڿԿʼˣ˾Ǻ¶֪λǲ֪أ
ʦүźƱ˵һڵµζÿֻضʱܹõҺҵ¶ڵ֮ºĵطֻпҵ¶Ǽֵǡ
ƽ˵ʦүȻһƽĶǴ˵ˡĳи֮룬ϣλסǶ׽
ƽдҲǸСǺѾܾġҿ˿ʦүʦүԻƽ˵Ȼϰôʢ飬Ǿ߶ˡ
ʦүѾӦ˻ƽǿ˵ʲôֻǿЦЦ˵ǹˡ
Թ˷˴Уƽ˹Ű͵ѩѡЩϲģ˵ʵͳЩסʮģҲûʲô£Ű͵ѩѲʲôζ
ǳֻѩѣֺ˵㿧ȡҺǿ˵еˣ˴ȥϢˡʦүͻƽƺһʣûһҪߵӣȿȣѩѣ졣
ҺǿסһҲûа취ֻǡǽ˷䣬ǿ÷۶˵Ķ治ǸƽǺܻܡ
ȻͬЩɲǽǮġ֪ʦү«ʲôҩΪʲôӦǸƽҪס
ǿ˵ˣֻҪԽ⿪ǸƤϵ飬ʲôС̾˿ҲãæǵģǿԲƽ𡣡


һʮ Ϯ
óԼׯĵͼǿоһӣȷ˷˵ͼҺǿɳϣ̡ͨǿ죺˵ƽ᲻ᷨ
ǿ˵ҪͲᣬҪǸ֡ҵ˵ͷҲͬĿһαװˣǿʦ˵᲻ỹʲôǹˣ
ǿʼ˵Ҳ֪ҲˡˮڡûʲôɵĵģʦүͻƽæǸӲˡ
ЦЦ㵹ǿÿ˵ҲԡԵĿģסҲǿЦЦ˵ʵǸƤҵеĵáһ㣺ǰɣǿʦʱ򿴹һ֮ûпôĵã
ǿҡҡͷǵǣȷʵֻǿһ顣ƤֶؿҵԺˡµʱҾ벻һЩ־ͻҵзȥġҾƤϵǸաǸһЩ
ҿǿΪʲôĸоأǿ˵ΪƤϵ֣ȻҲȫʶÿһֵ֮󣬾ͻһĻǰĳ֡ʼ벻ףЩĺͰĲǾӣҲûʵʵ塣ʼ벻׵ġ
ҵ˵ͷΪʲôǿƤϵĶǵôΪЩĺͰġţʦүҲһһЩԲǿö࣬ΪǿھĵоѾжʮġʦүȤ㷺ˣӦòĳһ̫Ĺν㲩ȻǳȻʦүħһʱһͲôˡ
Ҷǿ˵ǿʦҪҪרƽһأǿҡҡͷòšרȥ뷴벻ףԵɡ
ҹ˵ƣԼĴϣͨǿ˵Ϣˡҿһһô˯˵ġ֪ôˣ
ҵĻû䣬ҵǰһ棬Ͷҽеϴô
ҿЦһҲҲû취˵˵ʲô
˵ҲûʲôϣǸӶԻƽ˵ʲôѾˣǼһѾˡ˵ǸϳġʲôκҾǲκ˵ͷԶԣˡǿҶ۾ҵ˵û뵽κǻƽɱġ
ǿüͷԽԽӣһΪʲôҪɱκأ
ҿ˿˵˵Ǹκ̫ˡԡüͷ˵ǰɣֻΪ˵ˣŪ˵Ӧӵġ
ǿȴüͷҿκûȫ˵Щû˵֤͵ڶ첻˵ͱˡҿǿһۣ˵ƽһֱ˸ǣǿ˵ͷƤ֮˸ǡ
ʵ϶ԸҲ֪ˣǿ˵ҾͲ֪ˡҶ˵Ǹϰʲô˵ûʲôںʦү졣ҵ˵ͷš»ҡ
ת˼Ȧе㷳ꡣͻȻúܲԾƽû뵽ģּһһܹؼˡҵڻɱκҪȥɱƶΪʲôأһܣǵʲôأ
ǿһߣ˵۾֪飬ҲùԼ顣ͻȻƵһĵطȥںصķʽĺ棬ӦǴ˹ȥ˴
¥ʮסǲûʲôˣ˭ôأҿһȦᡣʲôûСƣƵôѭȥǻʲôûпԴ˴濴ȥ
һ򿪴һȻûпʲôҲ֪ãһɣȥҿһڴϸīɫӴ˽һһתһСβȥ
ڴϵǿʱҲ˴һ֣еҲǸȥ
һϣǸӲ棬оҵĽ飬Ҳ˳ˡǿϣҲ˳ȥҵԼ
ǿȣ͵һҵߡ˵ҲȫҺһϻˣȶԸһ˵ɡ
ǵĻû䣬ڿдһȦͻȻֿͷֱҺǿϮǶһۣ㿪
ͷͻȻ˳һҧסϮҵǸǸںšͷҷɹǿеô£һҲ´ô죿
һ߶һ˵ҶԸ֪Щ»ҸһŻ˵˵ͳһŷֽղ滭ͻȻҵǸһɢˣһŴ뵽ȻɴûüܣҾͱһܡ
ִֻۣܺ͵һ𣬸ҲܻˡֻܴУǿæ
ǿǱҲһţϾͷұɿҧҧ죬һҵҧ˹˺šӼ͵ĺܣͷȻ޷
óЩʲôֻ棬ҷͻȻ͵սҰĸˣе͸ˡһգקȥ
ק֮£ɼŴڶȥҵͷһײ˴ҸеһѣΣһʹƺһ͸еһת
Ҹеұϳ˴ڣ¥ȥۿҪˤϣҸеֱһɴקһ˺ܸߵĵطҸоҵҲܵӣعңһҲˡ
ҸеڰУֱһɴһӺߡԺȥۿײһŴһһѣΡûҷӦҸеҵ屻һĲס壬߸ߵĹ˴֮ϡ
һѣеɢ˼һģƫƫֲֻܶҵĲӻתһ㡣֪ʲôطǿ棬ֻ֪һ棬ŨܵҶҵĽţϸϸ
ϸҵǰҵӣЦ˵ϴôˣôӣû˵ٷϻæұĺܰϸ˵Ұﲻ㣬ϵģҴ򲻿
Һһǻȥ˰æϸ˵ͷһˡ
áͨǿ˵ҸеұյĹѪԴԺغѼоҲаã


һʮ 
ǽ첻Ӧеز顣ֻžϸԿǿǲʱϸˣѾûƤЦˣһĽ˵ϴ󣬲аǿʦ͡ͷסˡûа취
ҸӽȴòԾ߰ġûʦүѵҪϸȥҪҪͻȻһ졣ҸеһߵһϡźҸղһһǶϲ˼Ȧһ롣
ҷŤͷ˿ǱߣֻͷعڴϣյĴͣͷӺࡣ
Ҵؽеͷû°ɣǡͷҸܣͷתˣֻһֻ۾ҡգգ۾ʱûʲô¡
Ҳ֪ͷôץӦúҵࡣֻǡͷֲ˵˵ڵҲ˵
ҿʼΪǿģϽԾϸ˵ȥǿǰһѡϸһΪѣԸǿ²а
ϸĻû䣬һҵߵĴϡаУ군ˣǿȫҸˡ
ȻǿҲҸͷһϣáҽеôǿڵĴ˵û£еѣȫûˡ
˵ϣʦүˣ֪Ϊʲôûǵǿ˵Ҳˡտռ䡯ǱߡʦүԼԸ⵽ǵķ䣬Ȼǲֵᷢġ
̾˿ҪȵˡѵҪﱻһޣǿЦһҪͺˣΪֻΪץ𣿡һ֪ǿ˼Բץô򵥣ĿӦŪǡ
ͻȻҸоϲƵ䶯ԽԽ֪ڸʹñɱˡǻᱻֻеķʽһһıһҶѹҿ˿ǿǿŬԽԽˡ
ҲеԵĴԹѪ㣬һԺʲô벻ҸеԼԼԴ񱻳ˡҲԺ
ͻȻҸеؿһȡҺ뱻ʲôһ£һӻָǡʲôң뵽ҵĿڴװšѻëҡ֮ǰҰװһһҲ̫ĺӱѹˣѻë¶˳
ҸеǰһȡǿʹոѻëĵһֱҵĽϣҸеЬ洫ȶȡŲҵĽţáѻëӽűŲҵϡһˡѻë͵һ෴ķȥ
ҸеһɣдϲǺ¡ѻëȶȵġ
ҵĽ΢һ㣬ŽϵġѻëǸһˡѻëѸٵ㿪ë
һӿģŬţëϵϣܲˡ͵һȻˡҸеһһ˷ܡָе׹Ҵˤ
⧲ˤ˸߻أȴǸˣϵʹץסëһϾڿն䵽ǿ͡ͷߡͷѾúܴˣֻгȥûнҸϽšѻë˲šͷϡһˣּۿ죬һץסˡͷҰѡͷ辱ϣ׼ȥǿͻȻһźӰҳ˹
ҸϽһ㿪źӰǺӰײҺϣһ죬һͷһȻһľ׮ӡ֪Ĵľ׮ҡ
ҲҵϽáѻëǿϵһˡûץסǿǿһӵϡ
ҸϽšͷҲϡһǿǿʱҲڵĴŴûеһӰֵˣڰ˸Ȧǡ
ҵǿǰ棬ǿ˵ǿʦáһˡ˵šѻëʶ͵ͣëǰ棬һת䣬ƹˡѻëǲ˹
ʱǿˣңûˣղˤˡǿһˣϽѻѻëǿУԸİ취
ǿӹëҵǰ͡šóһѷֽ滭ˡת컨ַ˳ȥ
֮㣬ıը֮ǴִһʧӰ١
Ƕһǿ˵գǾһ˵УܾˡϽҵǸʲôطնݳ
ǿͷݵˡҪնݳҰǿһۣǰɣⲻһԸ̬𣿡ǿٺٵЦˣҶԸĶЩèʲôģԸֻݲݵĻͷһΡǾҪԸ
ЦЦȻ׼ˣղҴ˻ʱ򣬻˳һɰߡֻҪ˳Ǹ߾Ϳҵˡ
ǿٺһЦ㻹СǿҰɡһҪġ
ɰߵһˣ˳ɰߣѰǿ͡ͷһһҵĸҡ˳ɰߣһֱ˺ԶԶԶؿԿɰߵһͷһƬݴСҪӿŲͻȻǰһӰǶһ¡
ǿ˵èҲèѽûӰһеɰߣɰ߾Ȼһ˲֪ʲôʱϵˡʣµɰҲ֪ȥˡ
Ŷߣüͷٿǰ棬ǲݴԡҪûɰߣĲݴҵǸνǴ롣ɰèŪϵģֻèʲô˼Ϊʲôҵѵڰ
ǿ˿еͷҡҡͷ໤Ҳ֪èʲô˼
̾˿˵ȥɣȥ˵
ǴȥŷָͲ֪ںδ¿һƬĲݵأǵмôҶǿ˵ǿʦ
ǿ˿ǣһ·򡣶˵Ǳߣǿ߰ɣ
ʩչiɿȥһֱжʮӡſˡѺֺšҺǿһ𾪽еǰɣȻôԶ
Һһѹʦүʲôƹǰ棬ˡѺĺšȴŴĿܶ˽ġ
Һǿһۣơôˣôôˣǲǳʲô飿
ǸϽ߹ȥҸҪЩһſڵһǣ˹ҿЩʵôǣ
˵ҵ죡ǿɻˡղϰʦүȥǣǲˣšʦү˵ǿϵˣϰǳǡǻǿɷˡ
˵䣬ƽʦү˳


һʮ 
һǣʦү첻˹˿˵ôˣʲôˣҵ˵ȻˡòײӳںǱ˵˻ȥϴϴ˯ˡ
ʦү˵ͷҸղȥǵķǣȥ˿ŴĿҾ֪ǳˡû£Ҳˡǻȥɣϰһύġ
ҵ˵ͷǿͷһ˷䡣ϴ֮󣬴˻ϰù·ˡǿ˵֪ʦүôͻϰ彻ҡҡͷôôɣʦүʲôġҿǽҪ㾫ˡ
ǿ˸Ƿ˵ưڵôôҹûСЦЦҪ˵һϰһ㰲ŵġ
ǿҡҡͷԼʳУ鷳е㲻˼Һһ鷳ͺ˼ǿٺٵЦЦԼֵܣð
ҡҡͷһͷɵ˴ϣ̰ɣǿҲ˴ϣĶӣΪˣŰɣ
ڴϣ۾ȴӰһ㡣⼸顣ͻȻֺܲõĸоָоҵ֮ǰͲʱĳ֡ҿʼʱһֱΪεޱȡڿоգйͻȻ뵽ָоҡߵ˵ġ
뵽Ҿһ亹ѵָоߵΣգϻǡҲȥˣĻһжȦס
Ϊһʼҿйӵľ󣬺ھȻܽһǲһġǸĲľôҲ˵ؼߺŸҿǴĹ̡Ҳ֪е飬һȵ֮ŶֵģڿͲô¡ô죬᲻Ǳ߳ʲôأ
һжǻԵɺϣҪǿˡѺֺţҪ˽ȥҪһҪǸƤͲƽע⡣Ϊ˻ƽĳ֡ҲŷеΣڤڤжжġ
˼ţͻȻˡҶС˵ϴǶ˯ˡԭˡƽ²ʱ䣬ͻȻˡҵе׵Ǹӣ˵֮ڣһҪɾ
һ˵ʲô˼ѵҪɱ˴ӣ˵ֻܰĸ㣬ô£ҪԼˡ
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˵ô˵Ҳ޳ҵ뷨ˣǿ˵ͷ˵ôҵǸˣʳ֪飬ʧأ
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ǿ˵ͷваǲùҡҡͷۡҲûʲô֮ǲ¶ˡҲ֪ǡ
ǿ˴˵ǻʲôϽȥɡ
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ƷţǴ˨ˡ˵ǵţҸǿš˵ʧˣʱĴˣҺǿһ˷档
䲻Сܼ򵥣һŴһӡһ˯ڴϣ΢΢Ҵս˿˿ǸˣȻǸӡ
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ϸֲĹЦ˵㲻֪˭㺦ԩꡣˡǸ־һŵûɢɸڴϲ˵Բ𣬶Բ𡣲֪һ
ҺһСӿûٺ˭֪
ϸһɹ˵㻹ң㺦ҺòңͶ̥Ҫ㳥Ǹ־ͷֹ˵ҲãǲܹҰǻϰģҶǰɱˣҪҾȥ
ϸ˵ҵȻҪʰ㣬֪컹ҪˡҪȥǸƶҪȥҪǾ˻ƶҾͿͶ̥ˡ
־ͷ˵ðȥɣȥɡϸһ˵ȻҪȥһ֪ƽΪʲôҪɱֻ֪Ҳȥ˵
־˵Ҳ֪Ĳ࣬ҿȫ㡣Ǹƶǻϰıܣ֮ǰϰһ𣬺֪ϰĺܶ飬֮ǰϰһ棬ĺܲ졣вϰ塣ԡ
ϸ˵֪ƽʲô飿־Ѿˡһ˵ˣҲͲںˡ־˵Ҳ͵ģǸ֮ǰǽ֪˺ܶĻƽЩǿҲˣֻʣ»ƽ˳Ǻ֪ƶҲ˳ϰ嵽ЩƽôǸƶ˹ҪԼһݡԡ
Уԭô£һܼ򵥵ķ߲ɱڵ顣ǸƶҲʲôöҪĻֵ֮ȶˡ


һʮ 
ϸĵﵽߣ˵ôϴ󣿻Ҫʲôҵ˵ͷСǸ֡ܲʳƽĵϸʳ٣ʶ٣ǸƤ
ϸ˵ͷһΣֻص˸־ǰÿɲĹ˵Сӻʵ֪Ĺڻƽ鶼ңҾУҾͷһ
־̧ͷ۾˿ϸƺЩɡϸһɹۣһָָָ־ıӡ־ıһ˻𡣸־󾪣˴ǡϸһ֣ЩϨˡ˵֪ʲôҿٰԩꡣٲʵ㡣һҡ
־һĻҲûˣŵôУˣˡϸ˵˵
־˵ƽʮǰġʮ꣬ʱ򣬴˺ܶĻƽһӣ涼ǡǿЩƽ˽ôѺһ̣ʵϣύȨΪϴǮ̰۵ǮϴɾͻصǵСһƽѧʶ˵ãŪĶܲЩȨԻϰҲΪأǱŷǳõĹϵطѾǸٹ̡Կһ졣
ϸһʲôһ죬һҾȥҵҪмＸ־˵ҪСĵ㡣ƽǰѾʼˡѾЩΪˡȻû˵
ϸ˵˵ʲôʲô
־ֺõ˵ʲô飬һʱ䣬һֱ˯þÿجΡ˵֪ҵһƤɫģ֮ͺˣҲñǰˣȻĺֻǱˡЦ滢
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־˵ܽƤģƽʱһ¶СҿƤͿһ֪дʲôһӣ֪ΪʲôȻƤ˳Դ˵İͰƤó˲۾һҪסǡ
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Ǳ߾ϸʵ֪ˣǼƤԻƽǧټƵЩŪǾΪʲô־ҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡүүĲ֪
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һ˻֣˳˸־ķ䣬ϸں滮šŵĻص¥ϡҽгʳʦүķ䡣ʦүķǷıϡǿط䣬Լߵʦүǰš
Ƭ̣ʦүվǰң˽ȥҸҪ˵ʦү΢΢ҡҡͷʾҲҪ˵ұͣʦүʦүϣָմ˵ˮдǽжֳֻȥˣǿȴ˵ǸղŴϵȥ
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ʦү˵ͷת˳ȥ
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ǿ˵ͷҲ԰ҲֿܡǱİҲûϸдһΪͷܡǻƽģǾͿǰ֡ؼˡǿҪ֪˭𣿡
ǿĻͻȻ˿ǿʦ鰡
ǿһۣ˵ʲôʲô飿


һʮһ ٴδԽ
ЦЦҲ˵⣬ġǿʦһ仰ˡ
ǿһã㾿˵ʲôһûסЦ˵㲻˵ǿۿͺˡ
ǿȻˣ˵˼ǿԵȥҵ˵ͷʦȻǻ۸Զһ͸ǼȻԴԽΪʲôܵȥأղǶԸûкķʲôǵ״̬ǲΪβԽȥأ
ǿ˵ͷҲðǿһ۾֪˭ɵˡҲΪЩˡʲôʱȥ
ҺٺһЦ²˳٣ȻϾߡǿԸоһڶţҪҺķѹϲöǲŪ㶫氡
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һֱ˳е֣ԿƽġѺβǾʱľſڵһյƣڷҡҡλεģġ
ֵһ˶ûУǸղŵʱʱӦҪûڰǶʱ䡣Ӱ˾Ĵšҽг˾ϸ·
ϸ˵ͷɵǰ棬˴ţǻ˻֣ǸϽȥ
С¥Ż谵ĵƻ𣬿ƮһֵֺζǿС˵ʲôζŵģ
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ǶǽǣϸƮ˻˵ηûˣǽдһôġԩ֡ҵ˵ͷƶѾˣӦǴԽ֮ҡ
ʵ˭ڳѻƬϸ˵ǸӺбۡں˯ˡüͷûѵɱǵ˻ûʱ洫һǿǶ㵽¥С档һСĵطֻҺǿǰһӣԵסǵӰ
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ҽʾ֭Ӱȴһʵ벻ԼʲôطӰǿ˵Ǹȥɣҵ˵ͷĵĺǿһ˳ȥǸӰĺ档ǸӰ˶¥¥ݿڵһſڣҲŶ¥¥ϸ塣
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ʱǸѾ˽ȥҺǿܵſڡҵ֣Ǹ˵ӰԽԽ죬һʶˣ˵˭أ
΢΢̧壬ŷ濴šĴϣžˡϸӺ۾Ƭʱ˯סǳ鹻˴̣˯ˡ֪һˡ
ߵ˵ߣ˿ӣֿ˿۾Ƭƺѡʲô˺þã˾ӡͳһ۵
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ƺҲ˿ó˵ӵƨɱȻһ󣬿Ǻ񲢲ְ֡ӷ˹ϡתӵƨɡĲǣźɫһǿסǲҸӾϤˡ
ǸƺľҿԿҪˡǸҵһ̲סˣһ˳ȥץסǸŵ˵֡
һһһ˹һС˫ץס˵ֻ֡Ǹ˸档˿ңеĵȻ˵ϣ˵ô㣿
˵ҸȷˣǸʶģһֻһΪǸ˾ʦү
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üͷ˵ղǿǶ˵ǵ׼Խûлȥƽͽʧв㡣ʵûץǣֻǲ֪ȥ룬⼸ûмǣ
ʦүҡҡͷûСƽвҡģϵˡ
ǿһ˵ǼһҪġ㲻ȥɱǣҪıʷ
ʦүգգ۾˵ſ˿ҡ


һʮ ֻׯ
Դ˵飬еҡһδԽֻһͻȻľڿûлȥġżȻһڿǱȻˡ
ʦүʵǻҪҪȥ˵ȥһҪȥΪҽ쿴ˣҪЩģҵĶ֣ǻƽҪȥץǸһܻصƽǻȥץҪץļһߡȻصǵȥ
ʦү룬˵ҵͷԣҲеͿˡǲҲҪǻȥأһȥˣǰǲǻأʦү޷شֻǿ˿ʦүðβ˵ǲǲԸߣΪǸƤ
ʦүҡҡͷƤѾҪˣÿһҶؼǵáҲоһ㶫ǸƤģĶһܹϵĶ֮ǿףΪǵֺǵĲһĶʽҲЩٹһӾͿԸ㶨ˡǸƽȷʵƤҾƤϵĹ̫ʺҺ˹ЩĶ
ҵ˵ͷ񲻸ĵӣԸȥʦү˵ͷȷʵǣΪңе㲻ģıǸƽˣϷ롭
ҡҡͷˣҲûʲô£ֺαغͬʱ˽Ͼءɱ˻ƽ𣬿»ıʷ֪ʲôĺءҿ㻹ǻȥɡ
ʦү룬ڻָƽʱƽ˵ͷ˵߰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ˿죬Ѿˣһޡ˵ɣֱȥׯϵʱӦûѻƶ͵ׯǾץǶ
ǿֹţΪԳԵ㶫˭֪֮ǰĶǴģˣҪǲȥׯô죿
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ǿߵҵߣʵʲôײĸʲô˵ҼǵҿϵҲˣһͣׯУǼײûֻײ¶ϵġҪϵ棬ҿͻᷢˡϵǿɾ鷳ˡ
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ײĶֻʱҺǿͰѹײĶ˿ˡǰῪ˹׸ǣһһΪǿյģǶһΪʲôײǿյģʦүҲƣô£
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룬͵һǿʦүһߡǻͷȥһӰӺ˹ǵӰֱڵָͣתţƺѰĿꡣ
ʦү˵ǽʬСġҲǼһǽʬʦүרŵʬģԸʬȻһ֣ûǳȥʦүѾһأǸʬߡ
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ʦүЦЦԸЩǺĵˡСһĽʬǿסġѾɡʬءˡʺׯˡĻ˿Ҫˡ
ҿʦүɵĽʬҲҲԽסʬûʦүɾߵ˽ʬߣϸĿ˿
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ҵ˵ͷߵׯ档ó˼ŷȰźõĵطźá͵͵ó˺죬˾ϸҶ˵ȥƶǲˣǲҪѻƶŪϸˡ
ּ꣬Խ;Խ⡣Ǹ򿪵ĹײıϡƶǴɱģôЩпܶᷢˡǰѻƶʬ͵ҿĻƶɱϵҲûᷢڼ֮ĸղŲûпϵʬ塣ҾƶʬˣҲɱϵҲûƶйͷûУҵЩǶˣ
̾˿е١
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ԽǺ⣬ҵԴѾеˡ鶼벻ˡǿ˵ͷȷʵܷԴϣи3DԴס֪һʲôʱĺܶˡ
óһѹɣҪĶˣɡǿҡҡͷɣ͡ͷһ߳ȥˡҵ⡣ʦү֪ܵȥˡ
ǿ˹֪óһѩѣ˵ģ԰˼
ҽӹѩЦЦû뵽˼Ҳ˳ǣ򣿡
ʱǰһΣϸˣϸ˵ϴˡ


һʮ ƶʬ
ҵ˵ͷˣϸ˵ʰƶʬ塣Ͼͻߡҵ˵ͷ˵̽ٱϸʧˡ
վѩѣĳһڡǿ͡ͷڳѹɡվǿʵô˵ƶѾˣ߹ǿüͷʵ¬롣ΪʲôǿֳأȻǴԽˣɻҪ롣
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȻǴſԿʱ䣬ǵصǿƲԡԣǳڲ֪νĵط޷ĵشԻǿ¡û취ٲһΰɡ˵ʵڲŸеԽең֮ǰΪԼúû뵽æҡ
ǿҡҡͷҵļ򣺡ֵܣֻ̫Źؼߺˡ̫ǵĻˡҵ˵ͷԣһֱǣűߡҪҷֻǲܷΪ
ǿ˵ͷôƽҡҡͷڻ֪ҪǿЦЦǾˡʤУ߾硣ЦЦллǿʦİοںöˣûôɥˣղһָ߱Ūƹ֮ĸо
ʱʦүˡǵеɽˡǸŵ۵ˡһ㶣ϵһǼаġô˵ƶǱɱģľҲ֪ô¡ŪôֲȻҪаǴΪʲôŪأֻҪŪηɱӲͿˣΪʲôҪµŪЩ顣Ŀôأ
ǿ˵ϵҪˡǲӦö㿪һ¡ҵ˵ͷĴ˿߽ϰСӣšǿݶķϣһ˻֣
ҿ˿Ǹʧޣ޷˵ְѡͷȥǿ˵ɡװϰ
ϰƴһɣϰƱϡһֳζֱҵıӣҲ˳ֻתΪϢζ
ʱ䣬нŲׯſڡſͣһǽŲׯУŴһϰϰʲôأ˵ŽŲǰСݵķűһ߿ˡǸе춼ˣ㻹һֺȶˡˣŰɡ˵Ҹеиҵͷϡžű͵ĹϣǽŲҲԶˡ
ҴӶıͷҵͷһû뵽ϵֻͦµġ͸ϵķ϶濴ȥϵڰڷ̧̳ͷǿ˿ͨǿ˵ٵڻһġҸղž룬ƶǴɱģҪ̸ô̰ɣ
ǿ˵ô඼ûˡһ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷʱȷʵӦôˡҲûʲôáҶ˶񣬼šϵᳵ·ɵİѶںãְׯ򵥵һ¡ʱѾϵſڣɽ·ţһһ߻ôǵġ
ʱһҿ˻кܶ಻ԾĵطˡȣҼǵûͣŵײġθӲԵǣڻУϵȵģӺġ˳ҲˡЩҸеܲԾ㲻ƶǴɱģץͷˣ
Ͽ˿Щǿǿüͷ˵֮֮˵ʵڲоͰѴץһʡٴԽһ¾ˡ
ҵ˵ͷְע˷Żصׯǰ档ʱƷ˴ż̧һײ˹ϵЦӭȥеôλˡЩǰĴӺһϻȻô죿СɱĻôֻ֣ƭСˣϽ£ɡ
ϵЦŵ˵ͷָʹЩ̧Źײĵˣѹײķŵׯ档ӲԸȥſֹţϰǲ񻰣ׯŪùɭɭģһζǵġ˵ŵһ̡֧ҲûнȥҪ˸̣ϵе˰ɡҪûǾˡϵЦ˵ˣˣҾˡóһСڴӸϵתˡ
ϵЦĴ򿪿ڴ˿棬ӦǴϵ˴󣬿ЩɽתصׯС
˼ŷֽ˿ƶҲˣôġСôͷϵأ˵ţǸڻƶͷϵС
ƶʬֱͦͦϵҲ͵ϣ˹ϴ˺һӣһߣóֽܶһŵ߶ţƶֵЩǮͶ˼ҡ
һֱŷ쿴ţͻȻֵֺĸоҾڵʲôѵҾڵŻƶʬɱϵһ̵ܲ飬ҾȻЩڴôˣ
ͻȻ˱ʣǻƶʬ壬ϵǱŻƶʬģûзֻƶʬ춯һ㶣һȥĳ嶯ǿץסҵļ
һͷǿǿҡҡͷʾҲҪȥֻ̾˿档
ƶʬվҿĿֱģֻ˳תϵϵʰԺȻһĻҲڻпҲһҼǵûеϵǵͷ鿴ƶʬʱ򣬱ƶ˶ġ
ֲһ˺ܴĺġĿתĿ顣ֻƶʬ壬һ£Ӿһʬһ㶣ƶʬԹԹ˽ʬͷϻСûк͹ǩǷԼأ
ţ洫һСԭϵѾ˻ƶʬվϵġϵһ֮£һߣһ֣еľƶȥǻƶǰһͦײϵľϵ˴һˤȥ
ϵڵϹһȦܻĴУüһ׵ġҵү㡣˵ŴӵͳһѷֽҲ֪ʲôƶȥ
ЩֽڻƶͷϣǻƶͲںǰһϵץȥ˺һϵĵ۱˺һƬϵ󾪣һɽȥһܻһ߽еţȥʰ㡣
ϵܵúܿ죬תۼѾûӰȥʱʦү֪ʲôط˳һ㣬˻ƶͷϣǻƶˡ
Һǿܵ棬ʦүָŻƶ˵ǾҪץ
û˵˻ƶ·뿴ƶǲйͷ
ǻƶʲôûС


һʮ 
ʦүʵʲôüͷһûС
ɽ¿ȥϵǻɫĵѾʧˡв֪ʲôζеңеʧ
ʦү´Żƶʬ壬üͷ˵һôģѵɱе֡Ϊʲô԰ôС֦͸أ
ʦүһ˵ţһóǸӣһӴڻƶ¸һɺ汻˳ʦүҡҡͷʬֻʬġ
ǿ˿ңô죿һͷ󣬲ΪʲôͼƻȫһҪȥȥǸͷأ
ʦү˿ңô㻹ûҵҪҵĶɣҵ˵ͷ̾˿Ҫһúһ롣һߵʯͷϣȼѩѣ˼ڣ˶
ڿƶչߣҪץͷĻ򵥵İ취ǻصǸƤϡƤʱٶ֡
ǿң˵ô˵ڽֻ֮ٴδԽˡϣƤʱ򡣡
ǿ˵ͷɡߣٵȵȡ
룬˿ʦүʦүʼ򣺡ɣȥҲȥ
ҵ˵ͷǿ˵ڻȥҲûáҿȥԸ˵ɡʦү˵ڽϳ֣᲻⡣ƽҪǿô죿ҵĻԼ
ץץԴĻԼ𣿡ǿ˵Ҳ˵һءǵˮͬ緹Ӧòǰɣ
ʦүЦЦҲǣһҲŵġȥɡҲеˡ
˵ţɽ´µ໥һۡϡͷ˸ط
ǸһغãȻм˷ˡͷϵϵָŻƶʬеǿǼһﻹվءʬˡϼһ
ϵ䣬еͰͰĶ˻ƶʬ塣ЩǺɫҺ壬ӦǺڹѪ֮ĶһͰƶʬдϵһãһӵ˻ƶʬϡ
һӴǸõһĶƶʬܿڴлΪ˻ҽսζϵƺ˿˸ӣЩҽˣֵˡ
Ҳ߳˲֮ɽֻܿصˮͬһһС̯ӣ
ʦүܿˣ˿ӣ˵ʵ¬㵽Ҫץʲôأ֪ʦүһ˺ܾˣֵܹڲҲмˡҲ֪Ҳ޷ʦү˵ʵҪҵһḶڱ˵ϡǸϾͻһͷ
ʦү˵ͷ˵֪İƤİġҪڻصϡѰƤ֮ץסǸһ
ʦү˵Ǿ˵ҪϵʱﴩԽˡҵ˵ͷҪҸط̵˵ˡ
ǿѾˣҪһ롣һ߳ţһ߶˵ҪأҶʦү˵㿴ǸˣȥĵطϤһµΰɣʦү˵ͷҲáȥһ
Ҷǿ˵͡ͷԣȥͻǿ˵ͷ
Һʦү߽ǸС·С·߶ǵͰƽʦүһֱߵСӵ·һԺӡʦүָָǸԺ˵
濴ȥźǲƣǵһ̦Ӱǽʦү˵ʱǸ˾͹ϵġҵ˵ͷ̧˽ȥԺûˣתһȦԺӦס˺ܶңЩҡĴѷƾɵ·
ţͻȻһŮˣʵ˭˵һġŮ˿ǣüͷľһǰˡǱƤǸ
һ㶣Ͻ˿˵Ŷҿߴطˡ˼Ů˻ɵĿǣҺʦүϽ߳ԺӡԺӵΧתһȦʦү˵֪ǧ֣߰ٶ֡㿴Ӧðڸʲôأ
ҡҡͷ˵ЩҶ֪֪Ҳޡһʱһ벻ʲô취ԸǶҪǣ˺ܶ࣬µʱ˼޹
ʦү˵ûʲôϻЩʱ䡣ǿоһ¡ҵ˵ͷСȥߵӿڣͻȻеӺһʹžǻ浹ȥ
µһ˲䣬ҵʶѵģҿߵʦүһȥҺ뿴˭Ϯǣҵ֮󣬾ʲô֪ˡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ĵתҷһ棬ܺڣҺòӦ˺ڰĻĴ˿ŷҵڵķ䶼ŷʽװޣҲҿܱƽץ˹Ϊʱװ޵ĵط̫ࡣҸеڷһߣһˣϸǸӦʦү
վҷԼˡµĲָû֪һλ̱ĻߡͣеʦүʦүʦүûʲôӦ뵽ͨ״̬ҷ޷۹ͨ״̬
һֽ첻ӦеصزĸоҷϻǶˡһһ˿ϣǿ͡ͷû뵽Сǡҽ˼СҲûСֻ÷ˡ
ô£ҼĻšһӰҺʦүһץһǸ֡㲻ǻƽԳ֣ǿ͡ͷأϣûбץһﵽʲô취԰Ūú̱һûа취ۡ
ʱҷڷһ˵ʦүһ¡ҽеʦүʦүðΣʦүҺʦүŵģҸʦүı飬Ҳòȥ
Ҷʦү˵Ǻ񱻻ƽץˡڳͺ۾ܶôʦү˵һϵѨλ˷ˣҲòˡǻƽֵġһҲǺˡ
˵㻹а취𣿡ʦү˶˵ǻû뵽Աİ취ǿûбץ𣿡˵Ҳ֪ҪǱץˣһҲ©ˡҲǵϣˡ
˵ţűƿˡҷ̧ͷſǻƽ𡣻ƽߵм䣬ҶԻƽ˵Ҫʲô
ƽЦЦ˵ʵɣ˭ģ˵ûʲôǣҲûйϵ
ƽüͷʵΪʲôҪƤһ֪ʲôʦүЦһΪǾͻ𣿱ˡ


һʮ һ
ƽ˿Цһ֪λӲұƹİ취Ҳòϡ֪λô֮أ
ʦүѵ̧ͷ˿ңЦһѣ˭ѣ˵𣿺ߣ֪ʦүı̬ΪҺáƽŵĻȻĥʦү㲻ţĥʦүʱҲ̬Ҳʲôǡ
ǻƽЦЦҲǸϽˣܶ鵱ȻԿλ¬ȷʵ㲻УҿҲǸʱĴλǿλ¬Ѱɣ¬Ȱ˵滰Ȼѣܻᵹù
Ҳòƽ𣬹ȻϽȻҺʦүĹϵǿŻҵе㲻ǣҲûпǿ͡ͷôץǿأҲƣҴװɵ
û˵ƽӳһҺʦүϴŵĶкܶණǲʱģѹɣҵֻҴŵķֽͰ룬ԭ׻ѻëЩû棬ҿԸоЩСͷһ𻹹ҵĲϡ»ƽֻǵװƷˡ
ƽڵϣŪǵĶ˵ЩϡŹֵģ벻Ķ˵ʵɡ˭ģ
Һһ˭ģ᲻֪𣿡ƽһ㶣ؿһۡҵ̹ȻĿŻƽ𣬲ҿʦүı顣
ƽ˺ðΣ˵ô֪ģҼϣ˵ϰôߵô᲻֪أ˵ɱ˻ƶΪû֪𣿻ĻƽΪû֪ǰЩ𣿡
˵ĶģɵĻ֪һ˿һ̽Żƽһǣɶǵķҷҵĺ˵˵ƺڻƽеá
ƽֿ˿ң˵ԹǣǸǹꡣôʹءƭҡ
ҡҡͷʲôʱ˵ʹˣʹߵȻӡҿ飬ǸƤֲȫɡ㵱ȻẦˡ
ƽ۾ң㵽ʲôˡô֪ô飿ʱıͣŻƽ˵ƽе㽹ꡣߵҵǰһְݺݵ˵˵㵽˭˭ˣҲ˵Ǳߵʦүе¬ǧ
ƽܻĴеұ졣ֶ˵˵ҶŻƽЦһ˵˵ôԼʲôӦʲô㲻ǵˣ˭Ҫ㣬᲻֪ɱôǱҲģԼץġ
һķʣûƽһʱемܲˣʵӦд𰸵ģֻҵĿеõӡ֤ѡ
ڣƽɿץҵ֣ؿһۣ߶ţҪзӦзһ㶣仰̫Ϥˡܶ˵ûƽ˵ֻ
ͻȻƽ͵վҺʦү˵Ҳģ˭ҲҵһСֻͷԶվұصˤ˵ϡȥһɲǣҿ˻ƽ۾һ˫˳޺ɱ۾
ƽת˳ȥűһˡŴƽŭҿסǣСҲŵĽ䡣
ʱûˣһ˽һֱǸӵ˷һ䡣ұˤͷʹҵĽǶȸǸ˵ӡʦүһ˵ǿһˡĲðˡ¬ǲ֪ƽ
˵ʵҲǲµġ֮ǰҺǿʹƽӣ֪һЩ顣һЩҸո뵽ģҪҲµûǴԽʱյҪҵľǻƽ𡣡ʦү˶٣ҿı飬ûа취²뷨
ҽеǿǿǿûлش𣬿ǻûѡ
ʦү˵ǻƽµ˭˵Ӧˣ֮ǰһǸһǩһԼƽӦһչߣƽйͷĻôҾͲ¶ˡ
ʦү̾˿ŶôƽôѸ㣬ȻסǵѨΪǿ棬ǻеϣǿҲץˣҵڻûѡΨһϣҲûˡ
ЦЦҲûôۣͷ١ͷûбץǻϣʦү˵Ȼֻ򵥣ҿҲ𲻵ʲôðɡ
ҵģҲһưɡ
ʱ򣬷һ䴫һҺ͸ϽеǿǿôðŴǿô£ôˡ
ҽеϻҲˡǶƽץˡһѨλ¶ˡǿƺ˿˵ãͿԶԳԶ
Ҷ֪˵ʲôˣǿʦĿͻӶôʳأǿ̾˿еˡ
ʵͷأôˣǿ˵ε֮ǰܿˡЩ˲û£Ӧܵˡһãáڡͷǵϣˡ
˵ţſڴϸϸʲôšǶ˵ˣϸǸǸйɣҳеǲǡͷǸֹͣˡʱ¡Ц˵ǲͷҾ˵ͷһǵġ
ʦү̾˿ſǹģղŻƽŵʱҾ֪Ǹʮô񣬶Ӳľøһÿ¡ͷҲûʲô취ɣ
ҵ˵ͷͻȻߵЩװšԭסСƿҲǺԶһȻ󣬿ľͷǣʲôľͷҲò
ҶĽеͷ𼱣ȥ㡣ǧżײŵĻǾͻˣˣǻܲġִƺڶ˵ˡ
ʦүг˾ȣǰɣôӵĻҲöЦЦû˵ŬŲӣ빻װԭ׵СƿӣǾͲô׹ôҲС
ǱߵʦүʵҪĸƿ𣿡ҵ˵ͷʦү˵һԡ˵ţʼϵڰѶӹ͵Ķƿһ磬ǹϢȻСƿƶһЩõҵĿڱˡ
ҶʦүЦЦһҧסƿӣ˺ôŰƿӸҧԭסƿ˳Ҷ˶򣬷ǵ
ʦүˡԭסһһĺڼ׳棬ɵúʧ˵һʲôҺٺٵЦЦСǿɾҪˡʦүһĲмҲԡԭס˵ȥԸǵľţȫˡȥɡ


һʮ 
ԭס˻Դһɵľϡž꿨˹ǿĽ˵㿴һԵĶ㡣ʦүţʵ¬ʲô
˵һּ׳棬ԭסʲôʦүУ˵ǸǳԵľͿųϢϹŵԭס
û뵽ʦүҲ֪˵ĸʦүƺ˿û뵽㾹ȻĶҿŵסͷˡϵ룬ǲ򵥵ģ֣ʲôֱӰγûõġǺױзϵġ
ʵô죿ʦү˵֪Ҫù붥ȥСʦүôһ˵ҲеûˡʱҸеһ紵ԭסǱߵԽԽҲһǸѾҧˡ
Ҽ˵̧ͷǸţһǿԭסƻĵзв⽹ͻȻҸекĴһȺĶҵȥġſˡͷѾˡ
ҴϲԲͷ˵żʦү˵ˣǶסѨڲӺ档֣ȻҲ֣ҲͺͷҪù֪𣿡ͷ˵ͷʵ
ͷĽһҵ˵ܲ⡣˵վߣֻ۾ʱͷĶͷϾȻ˹⣬Դ滹ð̡һСӵĹͬʱҸе󱳿ʼžһ߻ĸоҿšͷ˵ŪңȸʦүŪָ㡣
ͷ۾ܵʦүǱߡʱ䲻ʦүеˣʦүһ˵ġͷȻ֪û뵽ô
ǿǿǰ˵ˡʦү˵ȥǿͷȥ¬Ѩ
ͷܵҵߣǶҷֻúһȣž͸о󲱾ʲôȥͬʱҲе֫ʼȣѪҺҽľԼ֫Զˡҵһϸ΢֪ѨλϵǸѾˡҸоͺһһ
һ߻ϣһ˵˵ɣʧȥʲôҲʧȥɡˬǿҲЦ˵ˣڿԳԶˡ
˵УǻǶԸ˻ƽһ˵ɡǿǸƽӦҪҵˡǿ˵ͷǺðɣŪһٳԷ
һͷ˿ţҵôĹķ֮һĴѾûˣǼһȴûһͣ˼ҸϽʰһµϵĶƿ˹ȥץסˡԭסǼһﻹҵ˵ˣˡǻҪ졣ԭסֹͣҰװƿ棬պá
ŵĳǸ䣬ſһβȣȴûп˿ءȵľͷǰתһ䣬һšֱ۴ֵˣ˵ľҲֻͷȥġ
ŵ棬˵Ȼġʦү˿ţ˵ŵģҪŵҲǲܣҪ벻Щ˾ѵ㡣
ЦЦ˵ղšͷ¶һ֣ڸˡȹȥ˿˵ţĵߵ˴ǰ쵽棬ͷǸͷĸͷǲСҲ֡ͷòÿǲǹûйϵҵû˿һĶһϴŵĴ͸ҵġЫ֮צ
Ы֮צһּ䵶ӲȾԹĴͷҲܴǸӦû⡣
ھУʵϰʱץһС͵˵С͵ʦүַ൱֮һԼдʲôĵãʱһʱ棬ҲϸоԶڿһһĵõģֶ˵Ͼɵ͡
ҰѡЫ֮צļУ̽һѹס˼ɣǰѴĴˡ˴˽ǿǻ˻ΡǿٺٵЦЦ㻹ае㵱С͵Ǳʡ
Һһ˻֣Ǹ˹ƿ˴ţ˳ȥһϲȣһǵ¡Ϊûһȴȵһͷһ俪šҶű濴˿ĸˡ졣
Ҷšͷʹ˸ɫͷߵſڡؽ˼˶һ㶡һ˵Ĺһ˵ȻǸǵĲˣϾ¾ơ˵ţ׷˳
һţҺǿһִˡǿһˣ֣˻֡һЦôģץס˵ʣµˣҲ˳Һʦүշץҩɵشµ˲ŰĸϽ档
Щӣĸ˰ãסͣס۾
Ҷǿʦү˵ǻҪ֣ץסͷҪȲ鿴һٲ֡ǿ˵ƽһصġҿǻ沼ֱȽϺá
룬ǿ˵еǿ˵ѷң沼ȥҵ˵ͷҵзǿǿ֪Сæ˵ͷ
ʦү˵ҸȥܲҵƤҵ˵ͷһ˳ȥ
ҲµûȻǵңһ㣬ŷֻûе棬¥һ㣬ŵ˵档
ſ¥δ͵͵˳յģûˡҿ˿⣬컹ûкڣ̫λãӦһӡ
ʦүҶ˵ƽ鷿ڶ¥Ӧȥ￴
ҿ˿˵̫ˣǳȥһˣͱˡʦү˵һֹһҶĿñ˿ǣֻǺ̵ܶʱ䡣
룬˵ͷ뵽ҼǵÿҵкҲи䡱ôһʱ벻ˡ
ߴʦүߣ
Ҹʦүߵ˴¥ڴһˡĴ˿ûˣȻ֣ǿٵܵ¥Ǳߡ¥ݣ˶¥ʦү˵ƽ鷿תǵķ䡣ǱкܴĴߺܺá
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ʦү˵鷿˵ָһߵһ˵Ǳ߻иС䣬Ϣˡ
ҵ˵ͷҪʣͻȻſڴŲһʦүָָǵСţһ⣬Сţ˽ȥ


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С䡣Сĳ赹Ǻܼ򵥣ֻһŴһ¹Ҷʦүʹ˸ɫ굽˴¡ʦү¹
Ǹһغã洫춯˽Ӧǻƽ
ҿƽĽŲأӦ飬ȽϷꡣǲϵĽŲڵתתȥ
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Ϊʲôᷴأһ⡣
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ƽ𳤳һƺʲôðβŶԸ־˵ȥѴ־Ӧһȥˡ
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ǿһ㶣Ϊʲô˵Һʦү֪㡣죬׵ġ
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ִ־ϰ壬ˡƽе
һӵϰ壬áҡƽ˴ӵĻƶˣ˵ǰƽʵôģ˵˵úɱһҵǸСӲ̫Ѩĺ֣ҵǸСӣΪʲôԺ׵ľͲȥ
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ĵллϰ壬ллϰ壬ٺ١
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ƽû˵˵ͷ־ʵǻƶƽݺݵ˵ɱŹ
лȻʵЩǻƽġǸСпǱƽʩ˷ģĿľǰߵĻ嵱УԸЩԸʹߣЩʹߺпܾǹġ
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е㵣ģҿҵǿһʲô⣬Ҳʦүֻ˵Ƿͷж⣬ץ˻ƽ㻹ûлǾڳׯ档
ʦү˵ͷ


һʮ δ
ǳ鷿¥ݵķȥʦүķȥǱ߾ǻƽҡ
ҿ˿ʦүıӰǵ˾ʱ򣬿ʦүıӰҵһֺܲõĸоҲûа취ʦүƤĳѾһĳ̶ȣ֪һĹǻǲģ֡
ҡҡͷʱȥЩŵ¥ݡһ룬нŲ¥м䣬޿ɱܡ棬Ѿˡһ긾Ů˹ǻƽҵӶˡ
ĿԣǸ긾ŮϽһǫ˵¬ϰ尡ҵһӷˡƽץЩ͵ȵӶһ֪ҡҡͷǸŮӶ˵Ҹռϰ壬Ҫ¥ϵ̨ľɫ
ŮӶ˸˿ˡҸϽ¥ȥһֱ̨һط˼䣬ģڼط˼ŷֽת¥˳˵ҵš
ûʲôȥǿӭ˸־һһ־ȥǸ־ŵƿؽеϴʲôǾϸ
СЩ˵˽У˵ô·ûģ־ٺٵЦţ԰Ҿǹƿ˸־㿪·
߽˿طĸ˿ңٺٵЦţ־߽˵ϰ壬㿴ô
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ҡҡͷûСһ˼ûʲôʱȥŪˡһǿܲܶԸ˰ѡ
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뵽ͳˡЫ֮צǿ˵ǰɣоŸףôôŪЦЦʱܲת䡣ҪԸˣѵӲȺܸߵġ
˵õľϾ˼£ֻǼ£;һӣЧġ
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Ҷǿ˵㿴ǻƽ껻ġҲⳡµĸǲӦðˣ
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־˵ˡ£İɡϰŴ򿪡
žű򿪵Һǿȫ׼ֻȻƽһ䣬ͷ


һʮ ƽ
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һӴӵϵǰҲ־ˡؿɳһ׽״ֻ̬ǲ֪˭ǱһҪһսȻ˭ȥ滹СţʵڲǳҲҲЧ
һƬڣҺǿӦֺڰƽȴǴ󾪣־־˵Һңû˵еġҫʡƽȥ
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ǹ£ʱҲǺɱļһˡҿ˿ǿ˵ϰɣԷ⡣


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ǿ˿ң˵ŰɣҪҲûáҲá룬һѲǹ˵Сһӵװ˱С
ЩȫʶĶʵҲ֪ΪʲôһҪǹֻǳ˶ǹеһƫҲû׻ʲôֻǾԼʱĶеס
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ֵǸԲƬһ䴫ҵϡֵ˵ʲôǿ˿˵ⶫˣӦгıƬеᡣȣⶾġ
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ǿҡҡͷҿǱģȻűյġⶫŰɣõġҵ˵ͷ뵽Ǹѻʱʱǻһ£ҾͰһͺˡ뵽Ұ߱Ƭŵ˻ѻĺ档
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תķĺôǶ۾ķڶߡյõ·ҡεĸˣҵʱ
ͻȻһӰǰһһΪȻǺӰһҿһֻèѵֻèָˣţһӰ˹ӰȻǸӰߵҡҡλεģв֪ʲôСܴҲ
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ʱǸѾ˳վżϡٺٵɵЦšڰǸˣе֡˵ʲôͻȻǰһһվǰе˵ӣ׼ʱһЦڳݲ˵үǣ˵㻰ԼȻˡ
һΣжһֽݵӵǰ˵ǩԼɣЦЦҡ֣ĴָֽϺݺݵذһ¡е˹Ц
ֻǸһ֣жһѺһĴ󵶡ӵͷȴΪ⣬ҡվ۾һܵӡ
еˣһӵͷϿһӣֵǣûѪһֻв֪ʲôʱ򣬶һ룬ɫҺ塣
֮ǰǿǴС̷̵ģ֪װˮֻеǸ˰Ѵ׼ͷϵ˿ڵȥ
ϵıȴӣʱ忪ʼŤԽŤԽ졣ͻȻһЦͷϵ˿˳ͷϵֻ۾ۿеתţϵļѪһһĿе΢΢һЦóһӣݸѾƤӡӽӹӣ˨һԼĲϣһͷ׵ϣԼ
ӵҡţ߷ƤҲСе˹Цת˹Ŀǹͷ
ҳеϣƴ͵ȥԡͷĶ졣ϴȥ˶Ըľ飬ءͷû˵ĸ첲ȡֱ˵ͷϡ
еĹͷһ㶣û뵽˹Լһ֮һ֣˹ȥġͷȥ
ͷȴܲˣ裬˵ֱҧȥǿб˳˳һ֣һӡ˵ǰӡȥ
˵ߣһó˷ֽҧָû滭һ䣬˴ȥ
ǹͷһյĹһʱҲеҡһΣ㿪ˡͷĴ졣һ㿪ǿӡҵķ䣬ƺӺ£һţߡ
һ룬ͻȻţ֮ǰЩ䣬ãٴŴγһ
ǹͷһص˵档ͷϣתǼȦڵһߡ
ݵߣһӡҫʡͷӭȥǹͷҲʶһתֻصСǿ͡ͷءǿһȣͷȥ
ͷ΢΢һƫ㿪ǿȣֻͻȻ⣬򡰲ͷǿͷ͵һ㿪õ⡣ǿҲһеȣסǵ⣬ǱƳһƨ˵ϡ
ͷûվͷеӶ򡰲ͷȥ


һʮһ ͷ
ͷɴ಻վ͵һЩ⣬䵽ˡͷվĵطϳһð̵Сӡ
ҸϽʩԮ֣еġҫʡͷͷ͵ػعͷնıǿ׶һߣһɫȦ
ɫȦС˹һûмСһһҫʡҲȦǸȦȥ
ҫʡת˺ɫȦУԭΪ԰Ȧ顣ֵǡҫʡ굽Уһ޻ЩɫȦסˡ
֣ɫȦͻȻɢˣһһ˳ҵġҫʡҲ˹᲻öҫʡǺٶҲܿ죬ֻҳ˲䣬Ѿֱϡʱ֣Ѿˡ
ͷ˼Ĺͣһţִкݺݵײͷǹͷٻͷ͡ͷ棬ͷԶͷݺݵײһ
֪ǸͷǿԶ㿪ģǲ֪Ϊʲô͡ͷӲӲôһ¡ǵҲһӴܵҵϣҽסˡ
ͷ͹ͷӭײһ졣֪ͷӲĵطҲ¡ͷԼҲǺģϲȥݺݵײˡһ¿νʹײ
ͷȥأ΢֡Ȼһӿǲ塣ǹͷҲȥҲ죬ǿ׵ĵطɫҺƸء
ǹͷšͷһײ֮͵ĳһķ䷢Ľ⡣һȻͷƴˣ衰ͷһײ֮ҵķΧ
ҴһͷҪܡپ˵ˡҷǵҵḷ́ѾҵʧˡҸеʲôҵ档
Ҳһǵ̣Ȼ֪ʲôҵֽŶʹˣҲʹˡ彩ֱֻһƶۿŹͷɳȥнȴǺް취
ǹͷһֱϳȥۿҪˣȴͻȻײһεǽֱ˻
Ҽѵתͷǿڵϣдʡ֪ǿչԼġ硱ס˹ͷһҪϽԼָж
ҷԼ塣ҷҵʲô˶ҵѪҺϵתѹסҵ֫ٺҵľͨ
ҰҵĹ۵ִ֮ӵ֫ٺԿЩҷ֣ҵĹҵġҫʡһЩͲסˣЩŪճճһʱҵĹ塣ҪϺܴԼĹɢԶԿЩ
ǺܺķѹģҲܷһ㡣ǿڶ棬á硱סͷͷǱߺҲԺأһʱ񣬿һײĺ
мĹͷϵԾţȻɫҺıǿ״һľõĲˡһšͷķȥݺݵͷײȥȻײǿġ硱ϣײһطǿĽҲֲ˶á
ʱǿӳҵǰǲ֪ôģеģ塣ǿ˵ô֣ٲ֣Ҿ͵סˡ
˵е鷳ҵЩ̣ȥеѾҪע۰
ǿ˵ɣҾ֡ǿҽһҾͿǿӰˡڿסĹͷȻŴ죬ſ˺ҧѾʶԼסˡҪ˺ѽ硣ǿȻܵӰġ
нϽǿҪЩǺû̫ĽչͻȻ뵽ҵĽǲǿ԰أ
һ뵽ҲϵĽһţҸеһů˲䴫ȫҵĹ˲øǿˣЩĶڱҵĹΧˡŰŲҵϡ
ʱҸеˡҵ֣˺ɫó˴ϸҵġЫ֮צһҧҵơһɺѪ˳Ҽ߶ЩѪҺһƳ⣬ֱѪٳˣѪҲŸеһɡ
ȴָеһͷΣʧѪеˡҶ˶áͨǿ˵ˣǿʦҿӣҽȥʰ
ǿ˵ͷ˽統С˺ҧĹͷ͵ת˹ֻ۾ĵҡóһš׷˵һס
˵һ֣׷˰աһΣͷȥͷ̧ͷһҵķ䣬оȻӹһ˿֡ʱѾ˹ͷǰһС˫ͷץȥ
ͷһΣҵҧҸϽУʹһСһһʱͷǰӰǹͷۻң鲻ͣתţĿϾӵӡ
ҵ־ĵ˹ͷϡͷҴˡһֱ˵˲ˡͻȻһͷ
ǹͷǻ͵³ȥȻ㵽ҵĿ֮¡һţҵҧȥҸϽ𣬿Ǵ֮һҵϣһΣȷ̱ڵء
ǹͷףץסҵ㣬ԭƲ䣬ҵҧԺĲ֪νֻ洫һһĵãѵҾ̫ࣿ
ǿͷȴͷĿȷʵҧŶҵĶǿŵĶǾȻǿġսħơ
ֻͷҧסˡսħơѾˡ
Ҹе屻ǿײһ£ŵ˳ȥǿһеġսħơӲǰѹͷ͵һתеġսħơǹͷҧסսħơˡɿ͡
ͷɵһߣصĹֽСˣӺе㻬һƨ˵ϡǿһŽħƶŹͷһңŹͷʵô
Ժģû뵽ԼȻԼ׷ˡҿڳݲ˵˰˰ץסץס
ǿһġսħơǡսħơ˽⣬ϵľģһŽѹͷزסǹͷԵúǻңƫƫãΪֻҪЩľģͷϾͻðһɰ̡
ͻȻͷһ죬һ˹ͷǡͷһҽУЩģһ߷ȥײ˾ϣͷӸܣһ˻˻
ͷһҽУ档ЩɫľģҲȥʱһףڹͷϡͷһҽУ˰ۣڵһˡ
ǿһҪȥȴҽסˡ˵𣬱ȥǿңΪʲô㿴ѾˡҡǿĻû䡣һסݺݵ˹ͷ档


һʮ ĥʦү
ǿһ㶣ҡҡͷ˵׵ģ㲻Ҫȥǿһôңٸҡ
ҿЦһ㲻ǻûб㿴ӡܵġ㲻лңҿɾһ
ǿЦЦղҲһΪסҸһ㣬Ӧøлҡ
ҡҡͷл㣬ǿʦ˴ȱΪȴ󱯰ǿ˺ϵһҰ˿ڣϵ˿ںǿһ߰һ˵ԺǲӦôɴ˺£̫á
ҵ˵ͷǲ̫áʱǱߴͷĽѰȥֻͷĿŹͷǹͷ۾ǿ滹ɫҺ
ҵ˵ϽȥҿǸͷû군ѼӱˡҺǿϽ˹ȥ
ǹͷȻû군ƺһϢҸϽ߻Щ䡣û뵽ǹͷȻ۾˿ǣͻȻ˵ˣҶˣҲҪ군ˡġ׷ǵ˭
ҿ˿ͷ˵ǡߡͷһͻȻ۾һн䱸ǹͷеɣݼ̾˿ҲǲˡһꡣȻңһкֵܶܣһеġ
һ˻βϵСͷ˵㿴˵ֵЩ𣿸ңǵڼţͷȵĿҵĲӣͻȻ۾ǰһΣͷСͷҲǿ˵ԹʯʰСͷ濴˿Ȼи׭֡ǿӹȥ˿˵ǵھźš
ҵ˵ͷô˵Ǵ£ץһͷҲնóһϵס˹ͷڲϡ
ǿЦЦȥͨɳһһӵá˭ҿ㡣ҺٺٵЦЦʲôںͼġ
ǿ˿˵ȥһͷ˿ϵӣ˵ȥҪ뿪Ȼ鷳ǿ˵ͷ˵ô
ҿ˿ͷҲһԺӡ˵ҿҺ͡ͷࡣе㲻ѡǿңˡͷ߰ɡҷǡ
ʱ򣬷С˺ܶ࣬Ӵ賿ӡǿ߳ӣʱ·Ͽյģûʲôˡ˵ȥׯɡƧһ㡣
ǿ˵㣬ȥһҲоöˡʩչʩչiǿܿ쵽ׯ
ׯʱ࣬Ǽײġǿңϰɲ֪ȥׯĺһʯͷ档棬˹֮ùʮ졣ǿ͡ͷҲһй
΢ʱ۾ԶҲ˸߿ļ֮۾һɲǣھʮ׵ĵطſһֻè۾ֻèվҡҡͷβͣݴԲˡ
ҿŲݴһ£ѵֻèѵһֱǣҪʲôأţһߵǿ˵ˣǶ
һͷ˿ǿǿ˸ҡҡͷ仰ࡣ㻹Ҫһ¡
ֿ˿ߵġͷͷҲңͷôײĻ𣿡ͷһҵָоͷͷϣһ񣬿һײ֮µĺ֢С
ҿ˿ͷǲҲˣͷһܿˡסͷǡͷѾˡǿ˵ûʲôģͷһʲô飬ùˡ
ǿ˵ôйˣоôҵ˵ͷ˵öˣεġ˵ʵҵ׷Ǻ
ǿЦЦ˰㣬û˵Լķ˵ԼģҿҲǹŽһˡҲ˭˵ģô֪û˵ߣ
ǿЦ˵ˣˡǵӦô죿ǻصǸʱ򣬻ǻصԺȥʦү
üͷ롣ʵһֱû¹ף֮ǰ˵ץͷ˵Ѿץ˹ͷѾüޣ޿ɱˡ
˵ʵҲһֱڳ⣬Ҳ֪ǲǸûȥʦүʼһδ֪ҵҲŪĿĵô£
ǿ˵ͷоǻƽ⣬ǲҷǳ϶˵һԲǻƽֻǻƽǿ˵Ϊʲôô϶
˵ĹƽһֱӦøоʱġǿ˵ͷҲԣҪһֱţһġôˣʦүǲ֪أ
˺ܾã˵ʵһʼʦүǹͺ֡ڿʦүһ֪µģҺʦүֿ֮Ҳ֪ȥʲôˡԭҪģ˵ʲôҲҪҵƤСʱ¡
ǿ˵Ƕأҡҡͷ⣬Ҿǲ֪ʼ벻ףʦүΪʲôҪͻƽһֻ˵ΪʲôƽѵֻΪƤ
ǿ˵ֻΪƤӲȥȻƽˡû˻ƽ𣬲ҵƤԴʦүͻƽһʱ򣬱Ⱥһʱ仹࣬ѵڼʦүͻƽĳЭ飿
һҡҡͷҲ̫ʵôʦүҲǸġͻƽίߣǲİҪǻصδģѵͲЩ𣿡
ǿ˵Ǿʣһˡ㻹ǵǵֵʱ򣬿ʦүҪɱǡǱвȵġѵֱƽвˣ
˵֮ǰʦү˵ƽвʲôвأʦүƽץסǹŻƽǣʲôôأȻǸʱʦүӦøá
ǿ˵Ǹ˼вҲˣҡҡͷ˵Ҫú롣
ʱ򣬡ͷ˻лһҰãüһҰʮءڡͷĴ滹šǿЦҾ˵ɡͷԵ޹ʵܵģԭǰʳȥˡ
˵䣬ͷѾǰҾסӵĶ䡣ǿ˵ôӣȥҲֻӣ㸺𡣡
֪ǿɱҡҡͷȥɣǿЦܿˡҿ˿ӣҧҧóˡЫ֮צʰӣƤȥͷ࣬Ǻء˸辣˲ӡ
ʱǿҲѻЦ˵ϰҵЩΣүǻ㲻ЦЦԺҪһҰˡȻԵҰʳҲѡҪǸץôҲǺѣʱˡ


һʮ һƬ
ڻϿӣʱζƮ˳ͷӲ̫Ȥֻſһߡ
ǿϵӣĵ˵ӣӦصһ㡣㻹Ǻʦүǲǡ
ҵ˵ͷʵǲǽʦүҵǲǺ⡣ȷʵһǲƻʷҶԻƽܸȤһǸչߡ
ǿ˵ͷ㻹ȥץҵ˵ͷ
ǿ˵㲻Ǳߵˣ㲻һֱ˵вõĸоҿ˿ǿ˵ҲҲʲô⣬ǿԻصߵһ죬Ǹûеʲô飬ǻڣǿӦġ
ǿٺٵЦҲԡʲôʱȥҿ˿ð͵ӣ˵ǲǽȥץƽأǿһ㶣˵ҲǸ飬Ͼͻᷢӵʬ壬ƽӦȫ䱸˰ɣ
ҡҡͷҲһ룬ƽΪƤ֮ȫ䱸ġǸʱǲ֪νƤƽע⡣ڻƽûзץĴʱ
ǿץץԴҪץ˻ƽ𣬽ôǸıʷǴԽһûʲô
ȷʵǸͦΪѵ⣬һʱҲ벻סҽг˾ϸ˵ȥҿŻƽ𣬿ʲôϸ˵ͷʧˡ
Ұӷ˸棬ǿ˵Ϊ֮ƣҪСлᵱȻܷŹûлᣬҪȥʦүô£һҪȥŪûҪװɵ
ǿٺٵЦ˳װɵѵʦүΪɵһ֪ġҵǺ֪ô£ǲǺˣԳ˰ɡ
Ȼе̻ζûʲôĵϣֻΰ͡ҺǿɳԵĽζʱһֻ˶ӣһգֻǡͷһҲûгԡҲ֪һﲻԸԻ硣
ԹӣվʱѾˡҺһ峿ĿеˬҲࡣͻȻЩ뷨
ǿ˵ʦ˵ûпʦүΪƤأǿһ㶣ʲô˼ĻʦүԤıģ
ҵ˵ͷղһֱеͷεģҲ̫⡣ڳԱˣµĿһӿˡǿ׷ʵú˵˵ʲô˼
ұԭתһȦ˵룬ͺҳʲôǰǰ鶼Ż֡ȣʦүӦúǸйϵǸǻɵĹؼߺšǾ˵ʦүǹؼߺŵˡ֮뵽˴ԽȫΪؼߺŸҿĻ󣬻пָʹĹȥȪˮ壬ҵˡǵ˽дԽҲ˵ǴԽǴԽ֮ǰҲ뵽ץסͷջʵ̫ˣǻѭŹؼߺŸ̾͵ĵ·ǵȴʦүҲˡ֮ǰһֱΪؼߺŵʦүֻ֪һԸ뷨˭ܱ֤ҵʲô֪أ
ǿ˵ͷҲʦү֪ȫʦү֪һ֡ʦүǣõѡʦүԭʶǣֻҪҸڣҲ˵ʲô
̾˿˵ӦԽԽˡҲһʼҾھУʱʶʦүҲǹؼߺŵһ塣ǿһ㶣ǰɣֲùˡ
ҡҡͷԽԽòԾĴһʼھСһֱӡ
ͻȻеһƣһֱΪǵ׷׷Ǹȴԭ˼ҲУҵΪ˼ҲٿţţͺһԱյݵָʾϷ
˵һ衣ҸоԼû·ȫվ˼ҵǰ
ǿҵɫڱ仯ҵļ˵⣬ġҲǷʤҿؼߺţǿҲǸȻ֮ǰڱڲˣǿ԰ˡ
ҳ˿ͷųеơ˵ڿǴԽҪʦүҪʦүһЩ顣
ǿ˵˵ͶˣҵŵľǸƤƤġҿ˿ǿ˵㿴óƤؼһĶǵʲôأ
ǿüͷƺڼĻʲôβų˵ҪҲµûĻƤдǡħ󷨡
һ㶣ħ󷨣Һˣǲǹ𣿲˵Ҳûɹһɹˣġ
ǿ˵ͷǲʶǡġмģ˼ƤԲֹֻһЩ
׷ʵʲôǿҡҡͷĲ֪ǹؼߺ֪ġҵ˵ͷ۾һˣʦүΪƤҪõƤȻһͿˡ
ǿ˵ͷԣʵѾӮһ֡ץһͷҪץƽչߣӮ˵ڶ֣õƤǾʤǿȥƤ
ҵ˵ͷҲ˵ģӰ֮ǡûаա֪ǲǶԵģ
ʱ򣬾ϸҵǰ˵ϴ󣬻ƽͳȥˣ˾ѯЩӵ飬ӵʬ塣ͻؼˡǸ־ȥһ£Щˣˮͬг֡Ȼ鷿Уܷӡ
֪ǻƽ״̬֪ˡǴ̡ĳ֣ζչԲ׼չǲԼģܷꡣӵƤΪûв͸ƤƤôõأѵӹ͵ģܡ
ǿһ¾ɱƶԭΪ»ƶչߡ־鵽ƶ֮˵ʱ򣬾ɱ͸־˵Щ˰
ҡҡͷⲻ⡣ƽҲһ߸־ʵ
ǿҲ˵ͷ˵һǲףʦүǴõƤΪʲôƽأѵҪƽ𣿡
ҿ˿ǿĵ˵ͷ˵еǿһ㶣ʲô
˵ʦүΪʲôҪƽ𡣡ǿʵ˼
˵ؼߺһͷڻƽϣȻҲ˵ϡ
ǿȻ򣺡˼ˡ˵ƽҲǹؼߺţؼߺھǻƽ𡣡


һʮ ʬ
һĵ˵ͷܡ
ǿüͷȴøˣôֳˡƽǹؼߺţǸͲץץǾû˺飿
һ㶣ǿ˵ȷʵеǸղץźţѵǴԽҲץ˾źŹͷѵ֮ûӰһʱеͿץԴ
˺ܾãҲ˵֮ǰۣץؼߺţôͲǽĴԽˡȻ֪ǾͲץƽͷˡ
ǿ̾˿ԽԽͿô죿ҡҡͷǿ˵ǵһδԽʱ䣬Ѿڡˮͬˡ֪ȥˮͬ᲻Լ
ҡҡͷӦòᡣǿʵǲ֪᲻ʦү
ҡҡͷҲᣬԽûôԽʵ廹ںġеˡôԽʵֻһڴһʱյУôһʱվһûǡǲܿһԼġ
ҸеͷʹԽԽʹҡͷ˵ǡϧǲǻ벻Щ⡣ǿƽࣺ벻׾ͲˡҲѧʡǻǻȥɣʦүô
ҵ˵ͷ˵ðɣھͻȥڻȥҲӦǱߵĵڶ졣ǿ˵ͷȥ˵ɡ
ãұšͷֱ𷢹˽֮šֳׯǰ档Ҹոշ£ͷһС
һͷſһõ˵ֻ۾ڿǡҿ˿ǸˣȻϰ
ҸϽ߹ȥ֣ϰ˵仰ϰһ˵ϡһܵϰߣ̽̽ϰıϢϰȻ
ǿҲ˹ôˣüͷ˵ˡǿҲһôѵģ̾˿ǰɣҲһಡղƾճ֣ŵˡ
ǿҡҡͷҲû취̧ȥɣҸһ¡Һǿϰʬ̧ׯׯѾû˿ͣʬĵطˡ
ֻ߽ϰסĵطĹײİ˳ϰʬŵ档
ǿһߣ˫ֺʮдʣڰϰȡֻһߣؿšȴе㲻ԭʲô£û뵽ϰһͻȻ֣û뵽һĵӾȻôСһӾͱˡ
̾˿ͷ˿ǿϰͻȻ֣ϰؿںһ¡һ㣬۾ϸĿһ¡ϰؿ
һǿ˵ʦԽԽˡǿɱ۾˵ңٸȡЦ˵óˣľĶˡ㿴ϰˡ
ǿһ۾ϰеǰɣôֻأ
Ҳ˹ȥһϰ
ϰؿнţĺں룬ϰȥϰѡ쵽һ뱻ǿסˡǿ˵Ծ
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ǿ˵ͷһɽϵȥԵС
ȻʱһȺ˳ˣ̧źüײġϵȻǰ棬ƽȺ档ҵǿ˵㿴ôƽҲˣǿϸĿ˿˵⣬һҿʦүǲ档
Щ˰ѹײ̧ׯǰϵָʾڷźáϵһָʹģֵָšָʾվԶĻƽĵЦһ¡
ڽӽɽλԶԶؿţһĸײģŷźˣѹײĸƿˡϵְ̳轣ԾһֻӣˣϷһڴ£ĸ⡣
ǿһң˵㿴𣿡ûпǿʵʲôǿ˵ǹײŵģǿǵĸˡ
һ㶣ŬĿ˿ĸײģĸˡüͷôˣȻСģҲҪǵ
ǿһҿСҪǵǻƽҪǵƽôأȻŹǵġʵΪʲôûи־أǿҡҡͷ㲻֪Ҳǻƽ᲻ðɣϾ־Ǹð֡
ʱϵǱߵķҲĲˡϵľߵ˻ƽߣԻƽ˵ʲôƽ̧ͷ΢΢ĵ˵㡣ϵҲ˵ͷׯ֮ȥ
ʱϵ˳ĶԻƽ˵ϰ壬ϰˣͷϻһƽƺһ£̧ׯȥϵظں档
Һ뿴ǽȥ֮ϧҿǿ˵ûʦүҵ˵ͷ
ʱϵͻƽׯ˳˻ŻŵġϵھУʬнʬ
Ļ䣬ͻȻܲһӰһ㣬һ֪ΪʲôͻȻׯǰЩ˸ӾˣҳһšڰУǹ졣žǻƽ侲侲
ҵȺЩ˻ƽǱߡƽվ߰˸ڣжŲǹԴӡƽҲһֱǹǹڻð̡
ʱ򣬿дһ죬һ֮Уҿһʬׯ˳
Һǿ֮ǰŵײǸʬӦѾʦүжԹ˵Ӧòʬ䣬ǰǸһ
Щ˷˾УмѾɽȥƽĽеϵнʬа취Ըɣ
Ҳ֪ϵո˵󣬻ûûΣӦû⡣ִؽеѺڹѪóŴͰ˹վϵߣϵľݵվĺЩ͡
ǽʬôˣǰϵˣ֪Щʲôʱһʬׯ˳һǸʬȻϰǿ˵㲻Ǹ˷ôֳˣ


һʮ ʬ֮
ҡҡͷ˳ģ׵ġǰǸҵķ䲻һԸġ
ǿվȺǰϵҡҡͷСǰǸĲöԸʦүҲˣǽʬеԹûзŸɾҽӿ˵Թɵ̫أ
ǿ˿ңʵǲҪæأüͷ˵ǴԽ֮Ҫ⡣ǰǲҪأǿ˵ɣƽأӦòɣ
ʬһǰһ¡ͣ³һʬЩҲһһ
ڻƽеǹ߰˸ڣÿֻǹҲʮǹһ뿪ǹɽлصǹڵĻ𻨲ϵ˸šһ硣
ʱһ磬߾Ͳ̫ãӿˡֻܿǹڵĻ
ǿһ£ȥһЩ߽㿴ǿ˵ͷǰҲǲȫһˡ
лϰ׵绹е㾴ηϽǿȥ˸طԿø
ǹѾͣˣǹӵˣڻ
͸Ļʬˡȫǹۡ
ǿ˵ǹоʬɣһû˵дƽЦʲôĽʬƨӵǹϵһͣˣˡ
ϵӦһȴе㲻Ծ˵԰ǻƽ𣿡ǿ˵ôˣΪʲô˵ǻƽ𣿡
üͷ˵˵ԡҼǵûƽ˵ʱҪ˹ĵöࡣǿ˵ʱǿɣԾ˹ඡҡҡͷԣһ˼ʹҪװҲı˵Ϳͷƽ˵һˡ
ǿ˵ʲô˼ѵĲǻƽ𣿡Ŭ⣬ͻȻִľСǸϽ͸ĻȥֻƽǺ̧ĸ˵ʬҲӹײվĸҲʬ˽ʬˡ
ǿ˵ʲôطô˵͵ﶼɽʬˡǿĻû䣬ǱߴҽУǽϵ׹⿴ЩʬץסˣһӰץס˺롣Ⱥһһʱ䣬ǹҿǹڵǹ𣬸ǳһ򿪵ģ˶ˡ
һǿƽңҡллٿ֮ǰĽʬϰʬȺ˾ץ
ѰϵӰӣֻǼһһľͰ㵹ʲôӦǺڹѪУЩڹѪʲôáңҿǸʼĽʬǲẦµġ
ʱˡЩܵܣ˵ˡǿʵڿȥˣ˵ȥɣУѪɺˡ
ʵҲȥˣȻǿ˵һ˵ʲôǿ˵ɣ
˳ȥѾûʲôˣֻеϵһƬƬʬ壬ӵĵǵࡣʣµӦöܵˡʬɷվСʬľȻĿصʬ壬˫ʮֻ۾ڿǡе㲻
ͷɲһǸʬȥҲֱͣӭʼֵǸʬǽʬҲһţһӷһ㶣û뵽һﾹȻǸɽ
ǿҲһΣϰȥҶǿеǵ׵ǣǾͲˡǿ˵ͷ
ʱɽѾҵǰֻץһת㿪ֻ֡һСβ˽ʬĺϡ
Ƿɽǰһ㿪ҵĽţֻнżɨ˽ʬĺ󱳡ɽ͵һתҵͷץһͷóˡҫʡϻһʬһͦǼһĶͷǼһﱻõɳȥصˤڵϡ
һͷ˿ͷͷԸǸʬϾǸ½вǺܸߡڱͷҧһȣתȦ
ǿǱ߶ϰһһʬšǿƺûжԸʬһ޴ֵӡҸϽ˹ȥһϰĶϡϰ΢һŨصʬҶ㵽һߣһתתϰץסϰļϥǶϰĺϡһֻǰһϰļ׵Ǳ۶ˡ
ϰһֽУʬ̯ڵϣȻڵϹֽУϰѾվˡ
ǿеĲǱǸԸǿһͦһߵǸʬǰһͷһȻǸʼǸʬղҵķ䣬ˡ֪ʲôʱˡͷϵķѾˮɾˡ
û뵽ǿȻѡһһǷɽǽʬкܸ߼ġڡɡˡе㵣ǿǿѾӶǽʬȥ
һ˵棬ϽĽʬߡһС˫ץסǸʬǰǽʬҵͷץһһӡǽʬˤڵϡҷϥǺݺݵǼһ䡣ǰһǽʬļ׵ҲҶˡ
һûվ֪һʬɱˡһͷһǽʬĶȥǽʬȽ֣һֻһһţ͵һʬ֪ʬȥͬʱиġҫʡ˦˳ȥסǽʬֻš
ǽʬҺݺݵһбһ֣ǸʬҺݺˤ˵ϡһˣٴηղһϥҶļ׵ǡ
ڰգͻȻһһײҡҶǸӰʵʵײһһˤ˵ϡ
ſǺӰȻǿһǷɽǿץ
һǿǿͬķȥɽһ˸աҿ˿ǿȥ
ҴĽеô£ôɵ㣿ǿһ߶㣬һ߽еҲԸһ̫ˣŪ˳
˵Ƿɽ㻹ǶǸɣҡ˵˹ȥ
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ʵ߶һжԸЧġʹһֺǶԸʬͲ㾢Ҹеһɾ޴ҵĽϴȶˡұõɳȥǷɽҲˤ˵ϡ
ٹһʱʱһְֻҷһͷһȻǿ
ǿ˵ǸǲһǸöԸˡҵ˵ͷ˵Ӧûһ
ǿЦЦͷԸءһԸ


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Һǿ˼ӣǸɽšǷɽҺǿһʬȻֻЩ룬ҲһֱţҺǿҲŵһǿҵʬ
Żǿ˵һ»ûʳġҺһӮ˵ɡ
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ǿһأڿնǷɽĺ󱳺ͺݵȥ
ۿǿ˷ɽĺ󱳣Ҷֻһʯ֮Ƿɽûʲô¡ȴеһɳصײҵСؿһƣһѪ
ǿһ²ЧҪɽҿǸее㲻ԾĽеˣԾ
иǿӲȣ˸ͷ䵽档˵а·չܵġ
˵ûһ£û£ѪĹõˡҾ͹ˡ
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ʱ򣬡ͷܵҵߣһͷǸʬѾˣһͷҧˡͷǰķɽͷһ촽ƺڿһ͡
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ͷһѣ˵ͷҵͷǿȥͷһܣɽ˹ȥ
ҿšͷӣӦһʱʲô£Ͻǿȥһеؿһƣ³һѪǿһ˺ܴĹֹȻͱСӻˡ
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óһŷֽǿ浲ˮ滭һšζȼˡ
һȥһֱưһĴ꾹ȻͣϵҲƺɢһ㡣ܱһЩ
ǿ˵ǰɣǡ׵ػôƵ䵭ˣǲֲˡ
ǿĻ䡣һ죬һֱ˷ɽͷϡɽһֽУٺ͡ͷһӷҸϽšͷУͷ
ͷܹסͷϿȥӶļ׵ǷɽͷϾȻ˻𣬱һŻ򣬴
ǸϽǷɽصˤ˵ϣĽϵɢһЩ
Ļ棬ɽعţϵĻȴԽԽʢʱǷɽٶˣӸǡ
ҺǿСͷЩʬҲ˹ӵ˻һˡ
ʱг׵ˡ̫Ҳ߸ߵĹڿСһƬʡҺǿҲ˿һƨڵϣؿڣ˵û뵽ɽڶȥˡ
ǿҲߣǰһǼҲͲˡΪʲôôĽʬأ
˵ʵ֮ǰɽϵʱҾͿˣﲻǡʬءǸصġءûʲô⡣ֽš
ǿһ㶣ʲôֽš˵ûʲôǶʯͷʯͷѹˡۡˡء˵˵Թɽʬˡ
ǿ˿صʬ壬һô࣬ҪǶʬǡҡҡͷûµģЩʬ岻ȫǲ̫ܱɽʬġ
ǿ˿ǻáЩƵʬ塣˿ȫѪɫȫЩ˵ࡣҾЩǸеܲͻȻҿʬһɫĲƿǿƲȻȻϵ
üͷǿ˵ϵˡһߵǿһʲôϡ棬
ߵǿߣǿָŵһ˺ѵʬ˵ǻƽ𣡡
һ㶣ϸĿ˿Ҳŷǿ˵ûǸʬǻƽҵԴһһˣΪôҲ벻ƽȻ


һʮ ֻػլ
ҸϽʬıϣƽʬѾ˺롣ͷ­ڣ죬ӺʹࡣҿһϻŲǹ
ǿܿҵһ룬ǰѻƽϵ·Ƶȴûзֻƽйͷ
ҿ˿ǿô£ѵƽչߣǿ˿˵ӱ濴ġ׷ʵʲô˼ѵεĶ
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ǿüͷðβ˵Ҳǰɣҵ˵ͷûǻƽ𡣲Ǻ֮ǰĻƽһġǿ˿ңʲô˼
˵ղɽҲ˵ƽ˵ϰߺ֮ǰǸһʵҲܼ򵥣һˣֻǹͷѾˡھǻƽ𣬶ڹͷ˵Ѿûʲôüֵˡԡ
ǿ˵ͷˣǸͷˡҪҵǲˡ̾˿ˣȰﴦһ°ɡ
ҵϵĻ͡ǿЩʬ弯Ȼϻͣһѻˡ
ʬжʮʬ壬ϵͻƽҺǿȼյĻ涼ζ
ǿ˵ڸʲôҿ˿ǿ˵ȥƽҿǿüͷѵǾȥҵ˵ͷôڻƽѾˡǿԴҡڵĹȥ
ǿ˵ͷҲãȥûʦүϢÿҵطһ١ĺܶ
ҡҡͷ⻰Ӧáͷ˵ɣǺ˸ӡǿҡҡͷִһ̣ûˡ߰ɣǸϽ߰ɡ
Һǿšͷɽֱ档
һƬƽû֪ׯ飬ܳЩˣҲûеϡֱӵ֮֡ǰȥǸԶԶؿƽӣҲԿ
ǿҪ˺ܶණ̻ʵĳ˺ܶͷԡһ߳Ŷһ߿ŻƽӡǱҲһƬƽûʲô鷢
ҿһǿ̧ͷͻȻ˵־أһ㶣԰־أһܵȥˣǾȥ˸־²
ǿ˵־ûг֣⡣ǿܴҡڵĽȥСΪϰɡ
룬Ȼ֮ǰҼͷ뱾ģʱһʼǳϺͷʱ򣬶Եԭڵ塣ǻƽΪʲôûбԵأǹͷ˻ƽֻȥأ
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ʦүϳһΪѵɫǲߵġҲˣҺǿһߣ׼ʼˡ
ҿʦүЩǵɫ˵ʲô׼
ͻȻ洫𶯺¡¡ˣǿеҡҡͷǵ𣬺жˡ˵ţһƿˡһڴϸ٣ض
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ǵˣȴû֮ǰЧȻûиоֱӰҲסˡ
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ץŷʪģȻǽˮģѹֲ¡ѻ𡱡ʱҾҪײˣһײҲûԡ˵ʲôҲײϡ
֣ˡλ𡱡ζ𡱿ɲʲôˮ
һһ£ɿҡ
ǹԻǰһţһص˵ϡ
ٿˣסˣǽײȥ
ұҵһð취ܾˡ


һʮ 
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üͷղűѵҾ˹ȻٳһΡζ𡱿ҹҸʹáοմˮһĻͲ¡
ҸϽʩչi̤ǣڷɿƶǸֱ˦ٴǽײȥղײһ¹Ѿ߻صˣҪײϿ»Ҫġ
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ʦүеţԶ㿪ˡҵ˵ͷ˽ˡͷܵ˷ǰȥ˽⣬š
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΢΢ĵ˵ͷСģ
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üͷЩʲôˣʦү˵ǻƽˣЩ˰ɣҿʦүĲʵʲô
ʦү˵ͷҲֻʣˡЩ˳ǳŽĽġҵǿô
˵»ҪЩʱ䡣ǵöһ¡ܳ˷ţһֱ˴˩ְѷһЩҾ˳ȥϡ
ʦүҡҡͷҲֻܶһһҵҲǰ׳˵ǽ滹ǹһ򵱹ĪеĵطֻҪǶһӦû⡣
ʦүת˽⣬ҵʣµǰѲǹӵӵѹϣšЦ˵һﲻҲѱǹóʦүһۣΪͷ΢ȴû˵ʲô
ʱ洫죬Щҵ˵ҵڡʱнŲžǳ֮
ʦү˵̧־һǹ洫У˴ĽеˡЩһ档󣬼˳˹
ҺʦүһǹǼ˴˻ȥģǹǱȥסǣǡ
ҺʦүһۣҪĽҪǵ˼
Ұͷ˳ҷˡǿ˶оץʱ
ڼм˹̽ͷ̽ԣҺʦүǹ˻ȥʦүҵĲǹͻȻ˵֮ǰǽ⣿
ҿ˿ʦү˵ͷǰǿҵġŪġʦү˿üͷüͷ滹ʲô
ҡҡͷûʲôֻЩשǹһû뵽ˡʦүһɻӣֹӣͻȻ׹ǻҪҵĶ
ҷΪʵʲôʲôǹѾˡ
ʦүЦЦǰѾˡʱǿ۾еˣˡ


һʮ 
ʦүһǿĻзųâһͷȥš
ҵ˵ͷǿߡǿһۣǿ˵ͷʾû⡣ұ𡰲ͷǿһ𷢹
˽֮ţ⿪ʼһεĽʱ䳤һЩҲеڲϵġҿʼе㵣ԼǿĹס
ڽⲻһƬڡҷҼҵԺ˿ǿ˵ڻˡôǿҡҡͷãûʲôʦүأ
ʦүӺ洫ңҷʦүԣϽߵʦүߣôʦүʦүһ亹ҧгݵ˵ǹˣһһǡһǹˣ
ʦүָָȣҼȻһðѪ˵Ҵ绰о;ȻɣʦүҡҡͷС˵óһ绰˺ţ˵˼䡣
ҸϽܽУҳɴʦүֹסѪʱ洫ҸϽȥţֻʦү˾վſڡ߹ȥʦүߵ棬ʦүҵ˵ͷ¬ǿڡ
ҿʦү˳ԶˣҲŻصԺ棬ǿҶǿ˵˼ǲҲȥҽԺǿҡҡͷҽԺҲšˣҪʱ䣬ŪԵİɡ
ҡҡͷ֪Ҫû⡣Ҫȸʲôʲôʱ䡣߽칫ң˿ǽϹҵʱǳʱһģѽ졣
߻ص˿ǿ˵ʦǳˡǿ˿ң˵ǱҲǴԼʱ䣬ﲹˡ
绰ķͲ͵绰ֶǿ˵뿪ˣ֪ôǿ˿ң㻹ָо𣿡ҡҡͷûС㻹ˣʦүҲˡ
ǿЦЦﲻʲôҲͺˡʦүе֡Һһֹ֣ҿûû˵ġҺԸЩɱ˵ʱҲó˲ǹ֪֮ǰ¹ˡҲµǸСˡһˣ֮󣬻ǻġҿҪѶźá
ǿٺٵЦû뵽ǻ˲ٺöҲߣԾĵоһºӺƤ
ҵ˵ͷó绰˸绰ǵ绰ǹػ״ִֻ̬÷˵绰
ʱ͵ˣǿۣЦߣڵĳֻһʧ˵ôģûӵ绰µģ˶˵
ҵ˵ͷҲߡʳ֪ζĳ˼ڣͳԲȥˡվص˰칫ңָҴıֽҲ߽˰칫ҡ
˴ϣϵһ̤ʵȥһԼȷʵסҿϣһ֧̣һڡŴ˱ֽǴߺڶıֽһݣҲıֽҿǰıֽһЩĵš
һֱ˽ıֽͷһ𺳵šй֣˵һ͵ŶŻѵ㣬ڼӵĵֿзˣץʮˡҲˡһϢһϽϸĿǵҲû˵˭ˡ
ҸϽͨ˴ϵĵ绰绰˺þãŴϵˣҽԺ绰㣬ǽӲͨڻá
һһߴæߣһʵôǲˡϵô̾˿ִʱǹǹһǹڸ첲ϣһǹӺȥΣա
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ʱ򣬺һϨˡһĴ˳
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˵û£һϾе㲻ԾֵؿŴ򣺡˵ʲô
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һ۾֪ǡܿǵĲзġҪġҿӦǻᷨġ
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ֻһŴֻһˣǾҵһ۾˵ʲôҪǸʹóһʼǱһĶ˲飬˵ԣ
Ҵеƨţ滹ҵĺӡôץߡóһŷֽáҫʡһ
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ⲻһʱ䣬Һ˹ɽӻƽ֪˵Ľֵ֪յҡֻ֪˺ӵľϲʹߵ
˺ܳʱ䣬ԼƽϮ˿գѾʼסҪˡ˿ĵĽ⿪·ǰͱ󶼻˷䣬ֻҲ˷䣬Űġ
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ùͻȻϵķ䣬ʵʲôſԼϵķ䣬˿ңЦ˵ҵף
ϰŵǰֵĿһۡ


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ð࣬ҽ˳ȥ
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ҡҡͷҲ֪ҵĺҡҲ֪üͷת˸Ȧ˵ѵֻ֮֮Զߣ
һҡҡͷҲ벻סȥҿʦûʲô취ôҲҵź¡ֽ߬ȭͷ㲻뿪ܣҲġ
ʱѾƽޱȵġԴ˵û£а취İɡһøʲôʲôȥãǲõġĿңǵģҲﲻæǡ
ЦЦҿӦǻȥɣ֪ˡϵ˵ͷ
ǻص˲Ѿ߽࣬˵ǸʲôȥˣǿջЦ˵ûʲôҺʹҵˡûʲô顣
û׷ʣߣ˿ʣµࡣ˵װģӦöԵ㡣ҡҡͷҳԲˡЦЦĸӣãǾһ˵ɡ
˿Ϻ˵ǻȥɣϸ磬ãӦúܶءϿ˿ңҵ˵ͷ
ʱ򣬲ſִ˴ž˽ҿ˿ǵ쵼ҵһᷳҪǣҲ
ϼɫѿϽ˹쵼ҡüͷֻǵһͷ쵼˵˼䣬˵Щ۲Ļҡͷβ˳ȥұǺģҲûǼƽϡֻǺһҵļ򣺡ҲˣٹԼСġҵ˵ͷ
˶ˣصߣڴϣҵ֣װģôˣҵ˵ͷܺãץһͷĿԴԽȥ
ϲ˵ģĿԴԽҵ˵ͷģˣҿԴȥ档뵽ʲôʱȥЦЦصѧʱ뿴ʱӡҲ㿴ʱҿӡҵ˵ͷãҾʹȥ
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絶뱣ԼźӣȻ֮ѡҸеһڣͣס˿˵İɣЩ齻ҡ㸺ú˵ͷҵĻ˯ˡ
˯ˣ֪ҪҵסҵźͶӡóˡٻл˿֮ϡٻ˿ҲˡȻɵٿ˯еɫҲࡣ
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ҡҡͷҲ֪ѵһҪֳԻǴǷǶԴСֺαң
ҵ˵ͷǺܶһҲ֪ôҡ컹ҡҡͷ飬һǰﲻ㡣ҼȻܲ飬ҲοҪ黹֮¡İﲻ㣬ֻҪѰңҲҵ֮
ȻĿ˵Ķǲܰңǻٸҵ·амʵܸң㵽˭𣿡
ЦЦЩҪ˭ǸţҸ˭ʲôáûбҪνӢ۲ʳЩʲôأ
лȻʵĸоȻûиӦô죬Ҳû˵첻ˡϣ档Ұǰһ飬ǡߡ飬Ӻ֪ˣ絽ʮǰҵһεʱӦôʱˡֱʮֻңǵżҲżȻһֱĽңңҿһ絣ӦõΡ
ҰԼǸֱڲŰڼסʦһֱ˵ġҲǸСӦϽˣԲ֮ܲ£ڡк˵ĲࡣʦǸˡҵˡѹֿǽģ
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˵ſʧˡſĻ˵ҵߡôָľǿ͡ͷᵽЩ԰͡սħơǺıҲĿ԰ﵽңҪʱúоһ¡
ĳ񣬴СĽеǿ͡ͷ˽һǿ˵ôˣڼú˰ɣ
ǿҡҡͷ˵סôΣҿ˿˯ԡͷ˵ҿκζӽͷ¶ãǵ˵ͷ
Һǿ棬Ұͷβ˵һ顣֮ǿ˺һ˵ô崵ľ飬˼һվҪϲˣҪˡ
ҵǿһۣǲˣȻ˵ĻҡǿҡҡͷȻΪҲȫܡҿ˿ǿĻʲô˼
ǿ˵֮˵Ϊѿ㻹ǹһأһ֮ˡҲʦ˵Ļ⣬ǿоһǵõĶʲôʹߣҿҲûʲôֻҪһķ䣬ӦÿӦ


һʮ 
ҵ˵ͷǿĻеЩʲôʹ߸Ϊ壬ҵķ䣬ӦÿԶԸˡҽԺлǲУѱİȫҿӦóԺ
Ҷǿ˵ɣһˣǾͳԺȥҵıǱסɡ
ǿʼ򣺡Ҳãҵûˡ
˵ҸղáٻĨ˿ϣǹȻɵ˿Ѿˣȥһ¾Ӧûˡصҵı¶һЩ
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˵ûʲôؼ˵ʦȥԺʰǿ˵ͷ˳ȥ
´ζһ壬һ鶼ûˣңһ¡
Ŷ˲šͷһֱͣſڵĳϡ
ʱǿҲ˳˿˵߰ɣʲôҽԺըˡϲŴICUҪԺҽʦЩɱˣ˵Һء
ҺЦЦҽԺ
ǿںЦ˵磬ǲȳٻȥҿ˿ڸʻϵѾһƽû˼˵ӣҲá˵ðҪǿԽϿɶþ͸ˡ
ѾῪЦˣĺˡǿһӣó绰绰һԾ֪ˡ˵Ųͨ˿ɶĵ绰
ҿЦЦס֣־Ȼů
û뵽ɶڡƺһֱڵǿǿԼˬĴӦˡҹһ䣬ɶҽ˿ɶһȥĵķ
еտνǼŵ֣ůĵƹ⡣Ҫһƿģͺܶĺöɶңʵ¬磬ܸ˵ӣǲһγȥջ񰡣ȻҪף
ЦЦȷʵҪףҲֹһȣŴѲк󸣡ɶ֪ǿһСĽ͸˿ɶɶȵĿ˵û㣿Цŵ˵ͷ
Ҽ˵ҪΪҺףΪѾ˱ɶɴ۾ģ˵˵֣㹧ϲ㰡
Ҽ˵𣿺ٺ١ҿǿͿɶǾҪףˣףһ𡣡
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ǿںЦǿɶôõĹôͱ׷ءȻҪЩġ
ٷԵúܿģʱ򣬴ϴ˵绰ߺߵ˵СӸʲô˵ôôԳԺأЦЦѵ绰˵ɡˡ
ӹ绰Դ˵ϸ磬ûˣ˿ڶѾˡҳԺˡٰɣҿʱϰˡ
˵ʲôҲ֪߶߶һЩһְѵ绰ݸҡҽӹ绰Ȼϻ߶߶˵š˵ˣϴ衣ˡ
ҵ˵ȥס˵ȥҵıʱɡҿһʱϲ˰ˡ
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ЦЦɳϡ˵磬̫æˣҲеСæһҲûⲻҲŴոհԡЦЦǰҲǸ°࣬ؼң·ŵƻ߶ͽ
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ҵ˵ͷͺã˾ͲˡʦҲŮˡ˵ͷ˿ңЩð죬飬С֪֪
˵ҺŮѵ飬֪ˡŮѻе飬֪Ҳϲ֪ģٺ٣
˵ͷҪҪߴСأҿ˿һֱ̽ҵĿڷ磬˵Ҳã֮ҲҪġƺ˿˵ͷãɡҲҪؼˡһϸ㶨ġ
Һǿص˿ɳϡǿ˿ңʵʦǺ˼ÿһ仰̽Ŀڷ簡
ЦЦ˼ȻסҲˡ


һʮ ǿջЦ
ǿҼЩˮʵԽ˵Խ֪ʲô˼
üͷ˿ǿ˵˼Һ˰ʲô֪ǿһ㲻˵Ҳ֪ʦϹˣȻ֪ô¡ҪСӽֻ̤Ҳ
ЦЦû˵ʲôҲ֪ʦҲ˼ֻû˵ˡǿһﵹǿͨ͸֪Ϲô룬˵֮Ҳû绰ҪҪ绰أ
ǿ˵ǲоһ£ʲô󷨡ҵ˵ͷڴ輸̯ͼֽ¥һ󣬶¥һ¶̨¥Ͷ¥һСһʮ䡣⣬һӾأһԺӡ֮ǰҲˮжλ
ҲѾ¥ϲһԾΪ󷨵ۡ˵Ծҵ򡣾Ϊۡ
ǿ˵ͷһۻҸղҲ¡Ӧһ󣬼ʹһ۲ˣԷһۡҵ˵ͷǿʦǡȷʵҿһΪأһԹΪ
ǿ˵ͷǸ׵ػ𡯾ͺҿһ¡ҵ˵ͷǾˣ棬ҲıȻԺΧͷ֮⣬಼󡣡
ǿ룬˵ҾڰԾ棬Ҳǵ³λϣһ䡣ӦİԾҵ˵ͷҲãԺ沼һŶݼסһаͺѹˡʹееĶҲܱסǡšֻҪ롮̷͡Ӻ뿿Ҳˡ
ǿ˵ͷãܺãÿ϶ӡϡӡҲɵסаЦЦ֮ǰнʱڡľһأЩľ֯ҲЩӣǶӦúܺá
ǿ۾һ⡣ȥأҺٺٵЦЦҲ֪ھװ棬һֿԷӵǹǿ԰Ķ𣿡
ǿЦЦǵÿȥŪˡҵ˵ͷѡˣ϶֣ŪţŪļЩ
ǿ˵ͷǷͷжˡһֱæϣǻŪ󷨡Ҳ濴Ҳñ˾֡
ҺǿһĴ󺹣ص˿һ˵һ֧̣˵ʵûҵĴһе㲻ϰߡǿ˵˵ŪЩͦѾҡ
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ҵĸӷңҪҵһõĽ
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˴ߵ˴ڣ濴ȥڵҹкܶ˶ĺӰƮһɷףڿʱʱ֡ŴִЩǹʹߣһģֻǽѡ
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ҵ۾һһ춼æûЩ飬ǿһѣˡҽг˾ϸ
ϸһͿգ¶µɫ˵ϴǡٹҹС°л£ĿԶԸ𣿡


һʮ 
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ϸһݣǴû˵еĻ档ҷû뵽Щֻǰ顣
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ϸе棬˵ȷʵעĸı䣬ԭΪЩı⣬ʵҲ֮С㡮Ӧ١֮󣬾ͻиı䡣ʵڤڤѾעˡ
Щףǿǵ˵ͷееЦЦСû˰ɣСӸͲǶ㻹ϳŶǿٺٵЦˡ
ϸ˵ԭЩǶ֪Ϊ֪أӦöѧˡҲҪҸ˵
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һǲףҲ׾ϸ治֪ǲԸ˵˵Ҳ֪ǿܲУǾǿ
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˺ܾã̾˿Ҳòϣϸ˵ǶԵġȻˣһǹԼһأ᲻οǵĺӡ
ǿüͷĬ˿Ծϸ˵ԭϿεġϸʵǽʲôǿ˵ǽҵǸʹߣûе
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ϸȻû˵Ҳ֪ΣյġȻһܵȥ̾˿ΪѣԵĻҲҪǿˡ
ϸһɫû˵ģϴνʿΪ֪һõġ
ҵ˵ͷָָЩӰЩҪεʲôʱ򣿡ϸ˵죡֮󣬾ͻἯᵽٸʹߣʱᷢʲôҲ֪
ǿһʵЩʹ߼ȻôΪʲôܼԸأ
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ǿ˵ͷʱʱˡӦҸطˡҪףô죬ϸȥ°ɡ
ϸ˵ͷʧˡ


һʮ 
ҿ˿ǿʵǲǺ˽ǿʼ˵˶˽ġҲûʲôǺǣղҲ죬ͥô
ǿҪһֻ̣ȼˣһڣ˵˵Ǻҿûû־򣬻Ҫʲôʥֻ뱧סҵţӡ
ǿҲһ֧̣ٺٵЦ԰Ҳǹ˼ꡣȻɸɮˣҲĳ𣿡
ҡҡͷǲе㳶Զˡ˵տɱѹأ»ҪĿԾҵźӣѹ꣬Ҳûʲô
ǿЦЦ֪Ҳ޷ˡȥ˯ɣҵһᣬ˵ͷ˿¥ĴҲʱԽԽˡ
Ϩ̣ǿ˵ȥˡҲϢһꡣǿصĵ˵ͷ
һص˷䣬ɴһ˿¹˯ڴϵĵĳƮɢɢڰɫͷϡϴ΢Цı顣УһҺͶһ𣬹Ҹӡ
ɻص˴ϣ˸ıסң˯ˡ
ұߵŪˡ֪ʲôʱѾˣ˶˶ȤĿûлͷ˵װģˣ˯ɣ
ҡҡͷ˯ˣ˾Ͳϲ˯ˡ˵ҸŪȥɡҵ˵ͷҲãҪʦҪˡͣתңƤͷ˵԰ΪʲôǿǽжÿζôأЦЦǰ˵ԼǶͶ̥ڵɣԼˡ
Ц¥û뵽Ӧˣϣǿǲˡ
ҵ˲ϣŷʢֿͣ˿ʳǿʵʲôǿָָָָ͡ص˵ұĲ֪˵ʲôźáǿò˿еʳ˵ʦЧû˵һ磬͹ˣǸķһǳʦ緹ǳʦġ
ʱŰɫʮŮ˶˳ǣ󷽵Ĵ˸к̫̫Ǻá緹ɡҽܡһճ̣һ֡
ҵ˵ͷʦЧû˵Աôʡһ࣬ĺóԡʱһŰɫŮ˳һϹ˵лл̫̫佱ǳʦմޡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ԺҾͽǴ޽㣬ֽ̽ˡԺǾһˣһ԰ɡЦЦȴûж޽˵ⲻ͹أҲǿˣҪҵ˵ͷҲ˵ʲô緹ˡ
ҹ˷Ҷǿ˵ʦ˵˵ɨʱ򣬱ǵĲŪˣһ¡аҿҳȥһˣ飬ͻǿ˿ңʲôȥ
ЦЦʲôϾͻҺҲ˵һ˱
Ҫȥһ䣬Ҫ飬Ҳ֪δôҲһź
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ϹҡҡͷҲ˵ãǺܸˣֺЩǣôˣʲô𣿡ЦЦûУͦõġȻˣȥҼɣҲ֮ǰ˵ء
ϹЦŵ˵ͷҵĳ
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ЦЦ㲻˵һ˵ءߵߣ˿˵޸ҰɣԺ󲻹ôҶõġһᾡҵȫõġ޸ҡóҸոĽָ
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ҸЩֵĿ⣬˳ǼǴ۵糸Ŀȥ
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˶ð£ҵıܿͲˡʼˣɶĸֶǿˡϺҲˣΰˡһʱԺӡȻ˶ܾ棬֪Һ͵ΪʲôôͻȻĽ飬ǶֿףƺҲ˺ܶ࣬ææȥģĵЦšʱĶ䡣
Һľżһ㣬ֻЦеĺ졣ҺޱȵҸУ͵ۿʱЦУǴһ˿˿į
һֱֵ˰ҹ˲ɢȥϺȴˣǿȴˣϹҲȴˡ
Ժӱˣһ죬Ⱳһ¡Żɴڴߣһʢİٺϻס˫֣˵ţ
˿ңЦһ£װģڼ޸ˡ


һʮ 
ĻĪ˸Сסᣬǧȴһʱ֪Ӻ˵
ҵؿڣ˵֪ϹĺܿġôѾˣҸеҸֻһ죬ҲˡҲĺӣǵĽᾧûҲ㡣
üͷ˵ʲô˵Ļһһһ𣬲ġ
̧ͷƽĿң˵ϣǿоϸ˵ĻҶˡҵһû뵽ʱû˯
ֿҵĻУ˵ʵҺˣһҪԶһǵĹԣҲˡߣΪӣѾˡϹ㲻ҪΪˡȻϸ˵ĻòǺףǿΪáҲôǶ㡣Ϲǲ̫˽֮Ľ˭Ҳ֪ôΪǵҸȥأ
ҵҲ̲סˡرصĿ˳ҸеܣΪʲôҾȻȫİ취
ң˵֪᲻ãҲһ᲻áеáȻҵȥǱȻǾ͸˳ӦҲǿо޴ĹӰ˵ֻҪ˺޵˿ԿǰٹҹСΪҾȻ󶯸ɸ꣬ѾúҸˣⶼҵġҲΪٳʲô¡ֻ룬ֻסӡ
ҸеУһʹԣѾҵʹΪ˿ҵѾˣһ̲ѪԽƽԽĵȰңԽԼҾԽܡѪᣬϵӿһӵˮ¶һ˳
֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ǿӵ˯ˡ˯УҲϵؼҺ֮ǰദľͻȻ֣һʱ䣬ĺ̡ܶǻûüúõһҵһۣˡ
컹û¹ˮ˷䡣һжġҵҲģҵǰ˯šһԭͺãЩնԼġͷҲƽˡҿͨ͸Ҳ֮ǰҵ뷨ǲԵġ
ϣҡ۾һҾӷˬƤĿҡʵôˣҸЦЦҽ㣬ǿʦ㡣˷ȥ
˵ͷ·˵ҺǿʦҪһӣ㡭ЦЦû£ǵ飬Ҫ衣֮ǰæҲûʱú衣ʱˣҵ˵ͷҪȥֵĻͿҵĳһҪסϡͷȻС֪𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷ¥ǿ緹͵˵µĳ⡣Һǿȶʼڤ롣Ұһʼʵ¼ʼ޾ϸһһһ顣һĵӰ
ҵȿ۾ʱǿҡʵ㲻ģʲôǿ˵ҵȽϼ򵥣ˡҿɫ粻ͷ󺹵ģе㵣㡣
ҡҡͷûʲô飬ȷʵе㸴ӡ֮ǰҲʾǿ˵ͷọ́ݸһ֦ʵô˵
ҵ̣һڣ˵ʵں֮ǰͰʾң˵һеһЩ飬һЩ޲Ըеұеֺʹ顣ʱ͸ңҪִšǿ˵㡣
˵˵ڡУʬҲ˵ĻʱûֻΪҪеҪΡ룬׵ʲôˡ
һ̣ץץͷǿ˵ʵǿʦʱĺĽ㡣ǿҪ˿ңĽңĽʲôҿЦĽĿԶĿԷ¡֮ǰһǸ޺ǿٺٵЦЦҲδؼãһûпءʵҲԡ
ҡҡͷڻѡǿЦЦ˵ˣͲ̫Զˡν˿࣬ˣҲͿˣˣҲͷˣˣҲˡ
ҵ˵ͷЦЦ˵ǵġ֮ãȷʵҵԼһó̡ǿ֪ǵ׵ʹʲôˡǼôֵõôࡣЩǵġǡעģһεĴԽҲעġ
ǿ˿ңǹؼߺŵİ𣿡ҡҡͷ˵ҲİţȥһǸȻǱȻᵽȥץסǸͷҲȻᵽȥҵǸΪ԰ǡ
ǿһ㶣˵˵ĸӣװƤǸӣ
ҵ˵ͷҸղ뵽ġһʼ뵽˽뵽ˡơ롯еõĶûһİﵽǡֱǸӡ
ǿʵ֪ǸϵдʲôҡҡͷҪ㣬ΪҸûлŪĶǿһ㣺Ϊʲô˵Ǹӿ԰ﵽǣ
˵Ҳ˵Ҹղ뵽ĽڸˣҪѺĶ͸ˡţҸһʱ䣬Ѿʣ´ˡΪ֮ɡ
ǿеǰɣʲô˵ҵȻиҪĹҪҪȥҵ»ӡ㿴ôˣɣ벻ף˵뿪
ǿҵıӰҪǵøͷûлͷǿһOKơ
һص¥ϣ졣Ҳ˽ȥһסң⺢Ӳ̫ˣҪҺúùܹ
ЦЦ˵İ衣ˡСںܹԵġܿģǿ̫ˣҪˡЦſ˵Һ˵˺üˣš˵һ飬ˡǵġ
ЦЦһҾǸʵĺúӣȻˡ˵ˣǽ飬ûиļأ
Դ˵㿴Ҷˡֻ̲ȥûˡϵʹ绰Ͱְ֡
ʵְôˣܻ𣿡̾˿ҡҡͷһʱĻزǹһͨءһ㶣˼ͨô£ѹ㲻ְ֡
ҿЦһ£ʵҲǲֻûʲô˵ġǺܾûмˡҲܹ˵ٲȫҪ֪͵Ҵͷ˵˵ˡ
˵ͷûʲô£˵ɣĺ֪


һʮ ͻȻᵽĸסһƪ
һ˼ѹϸ˵˳
ϵֽ¬ҫԣĸԺָ߿ĵһѧΪǸϵҲûзѧϰԶıΪڽȰǶйŽ߿һָĳɼ˸ѧϵ
ʱҸոճڼְһ˵Ϻȥѧʱúܿ죬ְֱҵˣ䵽˿оרоʱϰ緢Լк뺣ԽоԽ㷺ʼо˹ĹĽṹҸſŶӣ¹˼ιĹ
ϰֵȤҲʼ֪ԾתˣйĹĹ˼ܶϵĽľԶսֻ˻ԭ򣬺졣ʹҲɣѾû˹ʱӡЩڵĹĹĸΪ
й˽ԣĹеĽͬʱ˵ĵ潨к֮ܶϰֶڹĹִš
ʱѾСѧˡϰ־ؼҵġÿλܸ˵ĺҽһЩڹĹ顣ʱżŶӣ˼Ĺԭͺܺѧרҵļϰ֣֣ܿĹоͻͽƳĹƣĹĽṹк˽⡣Ϊ˵ʱһרҵʿ
ʱһָĸǰҵһŮĹоʱҶ˷ܡϰ֪ϢҲܸˣôһŮʡĹĹһܸߣԵĹ濴Ϳ˽ܶĵʱĽ칤գơ
ǶҪҪĹᣬʱкܶҲɡһŴ򿪣Ϊһкܶ챦Щ챦ؼʼֵоֵǺܸߵġ
Ŵ򿪵һɣΪȻ֮кܶĶоﱣĿĲоҪǱڴĹᣬûԱЩҪԷˡ˷ѡ
ĸ֮ǰͿʼۣĸʱֹͣˣǸִһʡֻǲĸǰʱл񹲺͹ĹĭŴ򿪵ġĸǰʹ档ܶǲŴ򿪵ģʱѾˡ
ôԺ󣬼豸ߣԿо쵼ĹҿͬĹǰ֯ⲿĵ顣ϰΪĹоԱȻ䵽˹顣һܵⲼ죬ϰָݾ飬ŻƳĹе
ȻⲿݱǴȥıȴûȷʾǲ׼Ĺᡣʮ֮ڣҪ顣ӵʾо쵼Ҳûа취ֻա
Ȼоֹͣ˵鹤ϰֻǲġҵʱԼһֱԼоѾﵽ˷ʳĵزȡ˺ܴĽչԭһģĵĹĵͼʼϰֵнⶼϰԼĲƳĹ
һӴĵ»ʳǣϮųǵģģӴ󣬶һк̨ܶͤ¥󣬻ʢʱڵĽʽңϰֻһرط֡ĹǵУȻһεĶǸܸߣҲܴ֮ǰϰֲûоرΪǸǾεıըλ֮Ǹ״͹Գ
ĺһŵϰԽоԽ˼Խ˼Խµȥ뵽ޣĶǲǺԼһ
¾һħ䣬ĲסϰֵģϰʳѰʱ޿̲ĻꡣֻһС֪ʶӣԼͲ
ԭΪˣϰҲֻԼ񫡣ǣһ˵ĵıϰ֡
ʱѾˡϰҲ˻ҲһžˡʱҲʮˡҲһЩ飬ϰ־ҽһЩĹͽ飬ҵǺܸȤүүĹеϲǲүүҽ¡
Ҽǵ죬ˡһ˺ܸߣݡһ͡һúǿ࣬˵еͷҲЩӡҵļңֱҵ˰ְ֣ڰְֵ鷿
ʼҿְֺܸˣǸݵĵúܿġǸģһɵЦǺ˵ԽԽңְְ鷿Źˡ
ʵǵʱӣҲǵĹǸһ˽ڽڸߡǸǸһĽɵȻⶼǵĴºţǵҲûʲô֪
Ǹʱ򣬹ҶǺϣڽڸߡǿĹ׼֡ǲû̫İգԶ෽ϰ֡
һﾹȻֱҵϰ֡ʼʱϰֻΪǺԼһĹȤѧߣĵǼһ¶˺βͣ˵ˡϰûдӦǣǳ
ǺϰֻǾͷˡΪϰԭͶĻܸȤһЩǵİȫвϰ֡ʵһֱҶϰеų˲ҷ𷴿룬Ҳϰ֣һ֪ʶӣ޸֮飬ôأҲүүڵһ¡
ǸʱйѾʼĸ￪ţҿʼĽһѧ֯׷뺯ϣ׿ԺһйŽרţԭûʲôϵ£Ҳûе¡
ʱ򡰽ڽڸߡ׷Ľϰ־ͰһֻƵŻڲͼˡڽڸߡϣȰͼףȻоôꡣϾϰֻЩЩоЩνĻأǺֻܶû롰ڽڸߡ⣬Ϊϰָľǵͼϰֽ˵ͼҲûʲôˣԸɴһݵİϰ˦ˡ
ϰֺ֪飬ɵĵǸߡԼȲҵȲѳˡϰ־͸רųˡ
Ǿϰֳ֮У顣ڽڸߡšɵһ˵ȣȥĹˡ죬ò״һǲ֪ΪʲôȻˣһѲߵˡʱʹ
ڽڸߡ͡ɵҲץˡһͰϰֹ˳һϰֻĹͼΪ֤ϰҲΪ֮һ
참ľģֱӵҵ˼СҲϰ֡Ҳûа취˵绰ϰʱţˡ֮󡰽ڽڸߡ͡ɵǹˡϰҪҲڵĻҲǹСֻʣһͨ
ҲΪϰֲֵֻôһ飬ŪмҲܻأҲΪ˼ϰ֣ȥˡͨһ첻ϰ־ͲܻԾͳ
ô꣬ϰȻҲЩǮǶ˵ȱģǸǰҾϰ֣뷨Ҳࡣ


һʮ Ҫ
˵Щ˵ͷԭҪ˵Ҳȫְְ֡
ҵ˵ͷʵ֮ǰһǶϰֺ΢ʵģҾϰֹǿӲͲЩ飬Ͳô꣬иףûһ
֪죬ӣҲ˺ӣȴʼϰֵʱΡҪ˵ҲǿӲˣҲЩ죬ôأһΡҿʼ⸸ˡҿ˿ʱ䣬ǱӦʮҡϰӦûû˯
Ҷ˵ȥϰƵӦûû˯˵ͷãȥʰһ£Ҳȥҵ˵ͷ¥ˡ
Ҵ򿪵ԣͻȻǸӡһѣһϵͷҴƵϵڵĻϡ
ЩȻԺϵƵȴôΪҲ֪˵ʲôһʱ̫ˣ֮ûʲôͬԡ
ǽϸĿ˿ϵϵͷѾ߰ˣѾǿʮˣҸеϵĲϡϵеֺõЦݣ˵𣿡
ԴӿƵ֮ϵһֱЦݣһһֱÿǷҺ裬ӣȴܲϲ֪ΪʲôҿϵӣҵͲ
ǿļһ˿Цݣ˵ҺܺãôϵɴֺõЦݣ˵Һܺãܺáֻǣеµ
ҵҲһһʮˣһ磬ûˡ̾˿˵öŮ·ޣҲôˣһɣ
ϵҡҡͷˣˡȻеį滹裬ݲ±˵ģį˾оҲͦõġˣȱǮҿԸ㡭
ҡҡͷҲȱǮھǲȱǮϰֿңʵʲô飬ȱǮʲô˵𣿡
˵ûʲôϰֿ˿ң˵ͷһֹӣ˺ܾã˵е飬æ
ʵʲô£˵ɣܲܰ㡣ϵڹ˵ʵҷҲûôԵĻͨҾͿԻعˡҲˣ̸ˣѾԲ裬㡣ٲܸҡ
ҵҲһѹҲϰַүүʱ򣬺׵˵ײҲȥ¡Ҳ͵ˡ費ˣҲûˡ鵹ҲӦò˶顣ҵ˵ͷ˵ðɣҰʡ
ԵúܸˣЩϵȻЦݣ͸ղŵЦݺǲһϵ˵̫ˣ㾡Ұ㶨ȥҡ
Ҿе֣ô길ûżΪʲôͻȻôżأʵǲǳʲô飬ΪʲôͻȻôżƺʲôֻ֮˵ûʲôֻǺ̡
룬⵹Ҳ˵ùȥ˵֪ˣһġˣһҪ˵ϵʵʲô飿
Ҷϵ˵ţҽˡϵһźܿĵ˵ģʲôʱ򰡣ǸŮӣ֮ǰû˵
ϵһʳ˺ܶ⣬ûа취ش˵ˣǵı
ϵеСӣһιһ㶨ˡҵĶϱҪ
ʱ˽Ҷ˵պϵ˵㣬ϵҪءϽߵ˵ԣϵкãְ֡
ϵһˣʼû֮ȻǺޣһֱ˺һӡ
ұŪ޴룬ֹסˣ˵ްɣٻܾˣ޳ͺˡ
ֻÿϵҵҲ޵ġ
ϵֹס˿̧׵۾˵˼˼㿴ǽ飬ȴеʧ̬ˡбˣһҪ
ղŻ޵ľ춯صϵɴˣһ£Цеţסĵͷ֪ϵ˵ˣ˵ְ֣İɡһᾡҵȫչ˺¬ͺӵģİɡ
ϵ˵ͷǸúӣúӡһ˵ϵ񻹲֪ʲôɣϵˣεЦЦҰϸĽܸϵϵֺһվϵ˵Ǹһɣȥ衣
ˣײʤ꣬סڵĿ佱Ц˵ˣ㲻֪ܸˡİɣһᾡİãͿԿžˡ
ϵ˵ͷֿ˿ҡ˵ЩأԭϵģͻȻòϵ˵ܲ
ҧҧͷβĴԵ˵һ顣
ԭһλϵһܾȵģû뵽ϵֻüͷֵؿҡ
˵ˣϵеϵ̬е֡˵ϵôѵ㲻ţ
ϵ̾˿ô᲻šֻЩҶ֪ˡ֪ˣһô֪ģ
ϵ̾˿˵Ϊ֮ǰ˽һˣǸ˾ͨаԣŶݼףóûʱ򣬾ʶû뵽˽ֺżסһҪһԣ˵Ե¡Ҿһԡ˵һԼաҵûʲôҵȻܵ㣬û뵽ѾˡҸӵˡҪȥ
û뵽ϵŻΪ׷ʵ˵˵Щʲô
ϵ˵ұ˵ûеףǺʶһΪƭӡ׷ߣԼкѣͬʱϸϸ˵ϸ˵û츳ֻݺ˴񣬿ִԲһҪѻʯ޶Ҳסˡͻע¶һҿɲһ
ϵĻе֣Ĳ˵׼е㲻סѵʲô⣿
ҷ˵ϵ˵˺ģΪ̫׼ˣЩ쵼ȥˣܵһоģкܶͽܡĻһЩû뵽˵Щͦ׼ġ
ʵǸ˽ʲôҪȥʣûʲôƽ֮ϵſͣҪ˵Щʲôû˵˵ͷ
ʵ˵ʲôϵ˵˵̽궬¾ҪߣҪϽȥҡ
һ㶣ҲԣͿԼ˵һġ˻еУʵ˵׽ʲô
ϵ˵˽ƽ𡣡


һʮ ЩüĿ
֣һ㶣Ϊʵͷۡɱһƽֿһƽ𱻽ʬɱˡֲڻƽСû뵽ڸϵָԽҲлƽ
ѵһǸԩ꣬ؾңҾԲƽǸɺϣΪûôɵɺϡҪǹͷҪǽʬ꣬ٲǽ֡ˣһĳֹϵ
ϵҲ˵ڷʵҲʶˣҡҡͷǲ֪Һ졣ɣɽ纣һʱҲ˵ף㻹ʱҵʣƽ֮
ϵ˵ͷţһġСӿҪСİһҪźͺӣǧġ
ҵ˵ͷϵƵ
Ƶڷɳϣķ羰ȴҵһ֧̣ƽһЩϵ˵ĻǾе㲻ԾҵļϵȻһЩʾĬǹǲʲô֮˵ģҲˣһ˹¶ˣı䡣һǸоϵĻȫڵģʲô
ҲʲġֻȥǸƽ˵ˡǲףΪʲôͻȻõϢһʱ仹еܲˡƽ𣬺ߣе˼
Ϩ̣绰ϴ˸绰ϵʹ˵һ¡Ҳһ˵׼ҪѰ֮ǰĵϲ鰸ӵǾ£ӾûйȰһҸʦȽϺá
Ҳǣʦʶ࣬Ȼָ˸绰ְӲǺУҽʦܣר°ʦ
Ǻܿܿ͵ҵıҰ˵ЦЦӦòѣ귨Ժû飬ܾһûİӣжĳһӦòֻǵڲһ·Ļܴ󡣡
ҵ˵ͷҲܸˡû£ϵͿԻˣ˵ǿ̫ˡϵΪһֱҲȻаգܼܲӿϵ˵ͷģʦҲ˵ˣ£¡һᾡȫġ
˸ҿ˿ʱ䣬ѾˡʱӾӾ߳˱ӾرߣڳгΡ
һ㣬Ӿ֡Цҡҡͷϣ˵ȵ㶫ɣˡ
Ӿأҵߡһ߲ˮһ߶˵ǿʦأЦЦڵҾ˼أһۣҲǣǿʦһ˾˼ȴ͵
˵ô͵أ˵ǿʦĶҲﲻæҪԼס
Цſңͻ컬ࡣϹʲôҲڼã˵ǰǰ̫ˣںúЪЪð˿˵ʲôеİ˵ϼɶ԰ɣǶǼġҡҡͷҲã˼ҲԼ顣ǽ˼ҹ¡
ҿ˿Ц˵ˣҲ磬ôУ㵽ôҲЦˣҲ֪һҪҡ
ץס֣ǵȻˣһġЦЦʵϵôܰ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪˵ĵǺаաҪʹȨ߻ǮðЩҪͨôð죬˭ζôǰһϹæء
˵˼ǲɣǲҪҵ˵ͷȻ֪ȻĻԲүүϵҲˡҸôģӦûģֻܿһЩϵԿ̡˵˵ȥˡҵͷ˵ߵһߵġ
ҿ˿۾Զƺеʧ֪Щĵ顣ҸϽ˵װģҪҪտأӦóԵտŶ԰
ңһ£ǣСЦ˵ֻҪԣһ㶼ѣʮӾͿԿЦ˵ģ
һܽһ˵һеġ
˶ð£İ£ҺܿŪ¯ӣ⡣ʮӵʱ򣬿ζƮ˳
ЦſҰ⣬һ⿾ʱҵĶһãڤ˼룬СӾʳҲûͷҲ֪˭ˡ
ЦŰѿõݸǿ˵ʦˡȳ԰ɡ
ǿ˼ˣ˵ȳ԰ɣҲżȺȵ㶫ǿó̽˺ܶıơƺϡ
һ߿⣬һʵС𣿾ͳˡǿһơƣ˵ûȫףҲЩüĿˡʣµģҪˡ
ЦЦаСӻǺЧʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ǿ˵ֿɲ򵥣ǸʵǺҪģֻаѺӺƤϵһ𿴲ŻЩνԭǲ׵ģ֪Ϊʲôʱ䳤ˣȻе˼򡣼еЩġǶ˻ǹ궼ѶһҲҲҵǻۿˣŪЩ
˵˵ô࣬û˵⡣ֱɣԼı֮˯ˣ˵
ǿһǸСӼƤһ˵飬һǡħ󷨡ڶ˵硣˵ľйڵز飬˵١
ҰпõݸǿǿҲݸһơơʵ£ǿ˵ԣֵƤдŵǡħ󷨡ȴȫɰܵĹؼȴûддǺĵõСϡڿħ󷨡һǾŲ㣬Ƥֻ˰˲룬ؼĵطСأ
Ҳ˿ơƣȤ˵ô˵ʦүǴԽΪСˡǸؼߺſѾ˰˲ġħ󷨡ڲӡںҲǿжҪЮˡؼĵطʲôأ
ǿҡҡͷ˵ҲǺֻ˵ʲôһطĹһصĵطҪһԿףܹǸطҵɡħ󷨡߾硣
һͷˮǸطǿһڵĿ⣬˵ô֪Ҹղ˵ˣֻҵһЩüĿϸڵȻǲ֪ûв͸
Һһһ֪⣡˵ѾˡЦЦ˿ǿƲƲʾǿûҵĽǿüҡҡͷ̾˿


һʮ 
Եһ鿾⣬п˿һţ̣һʵǿʦǸʲôزôأ
ǿЦЦŶעġû뵽Ҳôл۸һӾ͹עˡ
ʵǰǸʹ˵زˡô飬Ҳ֪ܵȥˡѵдˣ
ǿͻȻһϣ˵ʵһֱú⣬ǾǹӺƤӦú͵زйϵ
һ㶣ʲôϵѵӺƤǵزģǿ۾ңȻл۸ҾġҲ뵽ˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ǵزΪʲôĶǿҡҡͷزʲôˣô֪룬дǵزģôеز١
룬Ҳеʵǵزأǿ˵ҲǸطǸŵھŲĹħ󷨵İǸط
Ҳһѵزغţǿҡҡͷǵǻ޷ġôġҰЩһȦȻо˺ܾã뵽㳣˵ģҪͷβһһ롣Ҳ뵽زĸ֮֮ǰǸʹߺ˵زҲ˵ؼߺģǿõġΪȱĹͷЩǾǡˡħ󷨡ڱĶãֻйؼߺŲáֻùؼߺŴﵽһļ𣬲ſԺ͹⡣ԡ
ҲһԴееزǻ۸ԶҪ粻ҪǣһҪķߡǿ˵ͷȷʵһؼߺŵıҪٹǹʵҪ٣
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǲӦðӸǸؼߺأǿҡҡͷҲ֪˵Ҫһء
ԺӾر˺һֳ˺ܶĶֱԱˡ˵Ҫ¥ҽҺǿȥ¼ꡣ룬йˡͷԡͷ˵ɣǧҪСġͷ˵ͷ
Һǿ˵ҡֶãʵûҵ԰İ취𣿡ǿ˵ͷûʲôͷǲҵķˣ˵ɣǰѡսħơнóһ꣬ʲô
ǿ˵ͷţȻӢͬҲġһҪһԡ
ó˽ǿóˡսħơóСӣŵһʼǷһǵĹϱòһˡҵĹǿĹɹΪһ壬鷢ˣҿֶƮҵԺСԣֻϵЩƤҲˡ
ȻһǲϳЩ֣ȴظܵЩֵ˼
ͨǿ˵ô£ôҲʶЩ֣ȴƫƫŶ֪˼ǿƺ˷ܣǰҾָоû뵽ҲУѵҲˣ
ҿЩ֣Щֵ˼Ȼǿ˵ĲࡣЩƤϵֶ˵ûʲô壬ʲôħ󷨡˵ûãҲȥֶ
ĿйڵزһΣҾȻԸܵزʱ飬زˣƫƫ״ûа취ãã磬ȴûһ˿ǰ;޵ǵеĶ꣬ԽԽ࣬زѹزºԸδղɷ綼ֲĵˡ
Щʼûдزȥ򣬵ز׻ȥأʱǿķ˵ˣ˵᲻ᵽŻɽȥǵزĵ
Ҳ˵ҾһᡣҡҡͷҿǺز֮Գ֣ԭģôصԼĵͼ徻ҿһǸħ󷨡ھŲİ塣
ǿ˵ͷţ˵ҲеǸ֮صأЦЦȥˣҲȥһˡһǡ塯һǡȪˮ塯
ǿüͷҿǲˮϵֲҪ˵ǻסҲ
˵Щֻǲ²⣬ʵ˵ˣǸط񻹲ȥȻû˵ȻǵõһҵǸطġ鵽ʱ˲֮
ǿ˵ͷһжڤڤеעȷʵżע⵽Щ뵽ķ𣿡ҵ˵ͷǿ˵˵ǵزдģ뿪ĸ֮ۡͲˣҲû˷ֻû֮ǰķҪӳҲסЩҲҪʱҪġ
ҵ˵ͷǾסɡҾͲˡİ취ҵ
ǿҡҡͷ㶼ҲУ˵Ҳ˷Խ
һͻȻĹϵе˼Ҷǿ˵ǿ˵ǲˡħ󷨡أ
ǿһ㶣˵ӦûаɣǸʹߵ˵ˡħ󷨡ͿһͳˣԹӦûɡ
˵ǻ᲻ΪӶûأΪؼߺҲûôǹĶ֡ĹûôߣʵҪ壬һùõ
ǿ˵ͷ԰еֳһµ˼·еҪؼߺҪҲҪҵ˵ͷǿ˵Ӧôأҳ˵Ӧðˡ
ǿʵΪʲôҪ˵˭ҲòˣҲħ󷨡ǿ˵ǺãЩֵ˼ӻһԿףûӸûа취ȥȻʲôħ󷨡ǻҪȥĸطģΪһزء
գգ۾Ϊû֣Ҹе֡ΪʲôҺǿĲһأǿҵĹһʲô˵Ҳ֪ǿ˵Ҳ˵ģһκһĶӣĲܻкܶණġ
ҵ˵ͷǲܻˡҪغáҪһƵĵطܡǿ˵ͷҪú롣
˵Ҹղŵ˼·˵ЩʹֻϣǰӸ˭أǿ˵˭ǲ֪֪һǸ˭Ǿǹ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǲ̸еĳأ


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ǿ˿ң˵Ҳ伫˰ɣ
̾˿ô죿ͷ˭ԸͺӡҲûа취ĺЩʹ߶֣ʲôôҪǴҶǺˡһֻܾ˵
ǿ˵ͷʦ˵öԣ̸ΪҿЩʹҲֻҪӺͽ飬һԽġ
ҵ˵ͷҲ֪СôˣҲû
ǿ˵õģôġǾ͵ȰɣҲеˣȻе㱰ɣҲû취İ취
ҵ˵˵ˣˣѵãһɣҲЩǿ˵ͷ˵ˡ
һ˵ĹнսħơкǶһȻǻЩҪ죬ѾʼѾˡ
չʱѾҹʱˡ
Һǿ߳˵ңȴеȣûһ۵ĸо߽ԺУӾرϵĳϡҹѾЩ΢ˣνҹˮյǳĸɾЩ޴ĹӰҲֻһԲ£߸ߵĹڿС¹Ӿвԡ֪ƮһƬҶˮϵš
ǿọֻ́һһֻˣҿЦһ˵徻ôЩһﶼܵȥˣǲΪ¹ǲ˼ƻ
ǿһ̣˵ѵСѾ˵ˣҵ˵ͷܣôҲ徻һ
ţǰһΣϸͽǵǰҺǿһۣЦЦʵôϸ̸Σϸ˿˵˵ɣ
˵ȥˣհ㱻һŪһǺ˵ˡûҵǵǸʹߣֻǺ̸һ£ȻţǴӦˡ
һЦЦܺãúܺáôŻˣ˵ͷӲίǰһʵţϷŪҡҡ
ҵ˵ͷİɡһֻعġʲôʱ˵͹ǽҪǳЩ
ǿ˵ͷ˵֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣȥ¥ϰѰԾϡһ˿԰ɣҵ˵ͷû⣬ȥɡ
ǿһ߽˱ܿϵ˶¥ûƲסİԾǰԾлصġһϣҲʱֹͣˡ
ʱҵǰһΣһߴĺӰҵǰǺӰа¥ߣźźīͷһ˿ҡҿ˿˵㲻С˵𣿡
˰ĺһű˵ĴСҿʵ˭һһٵĴﵽǹʹߡ
ҡҡͷҾô𣿡ǹʹ˵Խҡҵ˵ͷáһ˵㣬άŵĻǽģ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǵģһû˵꣬еôĵӡ֪ʲô죬󲻹Уʲô³ϻˣϽĻǣǴߡ
ҿˡһۣЦһ˵ԭҲǻҲʲôģֻҪҵźӡֲһ˵ҾΣΪͿԹܵ𣿡
֪ԼⷬǿʶҲȻɽοһʵţҪ
һҵƢ󣬺һ֪ЩǸ㣬Щﶼǲֵһɹġٹһ࣬ʱŪáٹҹСҿôճ
һվҼȻȻǡҲŲʲôٹҹС㸶һԡ̸̸ҲǲΪǣȻô˵ô̸ҲաҵҪһġٹҹС
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һ֣ҵһóҫʡɿϻһ䡱
Ž̤ǣһתһβͷϣһӣһӱ˳ȥֱʣûץסһòײŰץס۱Уһеɨڿն𣬿׼ƣһϣšȥ
󾪣һֻ֣ץҲŷ֣һץסˡֻ֡һֻгһ룬ͲˡҲһ˵ϡ
ҿšҲվһĿҡ˵Ҳˣֲҵһ䣬վϼʱһˣɹ̫ζ
󾪣ɫˣƫƫ˶䣬ͶáֵֻܾĿҡ
ЦЦһ֧̣صԭĵطһ̣š
ʱҵгǿһ÷ۺ˵ιʲôҺһһŵúܣûа취̸Уѵô̸
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˵ȳ֧˵ǿЦҡҡͷҼһ̣߳һ߿šʱҹҲˡо޴ĹӰлζˣ֮ڶϵ˶ˡüͷһֱһ̡֧ûһӦô죿
ͻȻҵǰһΣϸǰҼüŪۣȴ˵ϸĿ˿ϸǡһֿۣ˿ңʹʹɫͳһŷֽ滭һšڷһ˦֣ˡ۾ͶϡĶ۾ڵˡ
ҶԾϸ˵ʲôġϸ˵㡣ҿ˿ϸʵ˭һ˴Ӻһҵǰ
һЦˣ֮ǰǵǸʹߡ˵ˣ̫ˡһ̸ˣҪ˵˵ġ
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ҡҡͷҲû취ȶ֡޷ˣԸס̫ɹԺҲٶԸһ
ʹ߿˿ңͷҪ˵ǿǵΪԼԣҪǿӲ
̾˿Ҹոս飬ո˺ӣǾҪҵţҵĺҲûˡ˵Ҫô죿
ʹ̾˿ͨˣЩעģעӦôȥˡ
ҵһġƫƫġ


һʮ в
ҿŹʹߣ֪Լеʵûа취ĳ˿սûбİ취ʹüͷǿս˭ûкôѵҪĽ
ҡҡͷҵȻ룬Ҳûʱ;ԸǣһҪȫԸҸ㣬õ˹ɡħ󷨡ĹؼҰؼսҲôˣӦÿһͳˡ
ʹ߿ңʵв𣿡ҵ˵ͷȻе㱰ɡҲûа취ΪҵźֻˣҾԼһͨˣȻһЩرҵĻǸӡһΪͨĿŬֻҪҵźӡ
ʹüͷ˵ʵҲ⡣вЧٶ˵˵ָָʹ߼˵һҿԸʵ֪ҪˡǺΪ뿪սʵûʲôôҸղҲ˵һҪߣ档Ȼǵĺӡԭעûӵġǲ֪ΪʲôȻ⣬ӡ
ŹʹߵĻУɶʼ̸е˼˵ҵĺӲУôֻô
ʹ˵ʵԭû̸ģӾͲͬˣһͯͣԡ
ҸеһԾͿĸƾӹĸˣ
ʹ̾˿ǿĸƾӹ󣬲ֻܵȵº֮˺ҪǴߡ
ҡҡͷֻټּ¡УСҡʹߴҵĻ¬Ѿһˡ̫ˡ˵һѾ޶ȵòˡ㻹ǺúɣʵڲУҲֻܿսˡ
üͷһʱҲ֪˵ʲôáʹ˵ɣһ졣˵ָָ˵ķ߰ɣվҪȥ
룬ջ˷䡣һΣؽеôĵӣ㾹Ȼ˹ʹߣüͷôˣʹ߶šʩ˸˵ȥģղź̸ˣһ죬ǻȥǵϢɡ
е㲻Ըǿ˹ʹ߸ֻñͣ˵ͷʹĿһۣšʧˡ
һйƽɹϡ¹ˮҿӾеˮ
ǿصӾرϣߡʵôû̸ҡҡͷе̸Ǹʹ˵Һĺͯԭעеġ˺ӲſֱѺ
ǿüͷǡƲɼˡô죿üͷûа취ֻһƴˡǿҡҡͷǿû֮ƣȰѺ˵
ҿ˿ǿ˼ƿ𣿡ǿ̾˿ô죿ڶҲûʲôô£ǵĹҲʱֲһ
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ҿ˿ǿڿһʶˡʵôǿЦЦʵҲìܣҰԼ㣬Ҳ֪ǺáһӦ˳Ӧһ־òʧȥˡֻûʧĸоǲˬĥ
̾˿ʼղܿء˭ҲﲻˣֻԼԼˡʵǡǿ˵ϵǲӦһأ
Ѿܺˡҵ󡣲֪ʲôʱȻվǵҺǿʱ񲻶ߵôˣȻûз
վߵҵߡҸҪ˵ҵǰ˵˵ˡװģĽѾˡ͸һõֻҪѺѾˣοǻ˼һʱ䡣
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ǿתˣȻúŸ裬Ҷ֪ʲô
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˳ȥԺеߣʱʦүЦ˽ҸϽվӭȥʦүû˰ɣ
ʦүЦЦûʲô£ȻһǹãҪ¬ɲ˼һ㶣ôˣ
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ʦүҡҡͷû£û¡ҲԵˡһ˵ţʦүеһСӷŵϡ˵ϣϲҲϣǰúϣӡ
㶣˿ǸСӣ˵ô˼


һʮ ͻȻج
ʦүЦЦûʲô˼ģСС˼ɾ⡣¬ǵĺҪģϣǿԺĸ졣һ飬Ժϵ
ĪĿʦү˳ȥͻȻǵļűǴˣôܵѵģ
ҿ˿ϵСӣֻȭͷСװĺǾȻ¹һЩġըӦòôСɡһ˻ԴЩֵķ˳ȥ֪ʹǴʦүǵķＯţʦүҲ̫ںġЩһЩ޹ؽҪˡʦүʲôġ
ô֪ҽ飬ҲǺѡΪʲôֿ˿ǸУкǾᡣʦүһһ㣬ǾǾϲ
˺ӣ˿ͻȻǿ¬Էء㣬㡣
˵ǿߣ˵˺ʲôҰѺӷŵϣ˵ղʦүǿһ㶣ǰɣǹ
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ǿںǸ˵ˣˡҰ򿪿Ҹסǿǿֿ죬ѾǸӡ
̾˿ֹȴǿһСҹͷʵǰɣʲôö㶼Уóûӡ
ǿǸȵӣС͵ҵǰ˵ԼɣҪȣҰˡ
ҵͷһҲһǺһССģĹĶһͷҲǹͷҲǡԹʯ
Ҳ벻ģʹһʱըҲᾪȵġҲ֪˵ʲôźˡ
ðΣҲŻعָźĹͷ˵ôǿҲץԴ˵ǰǹϲġ˵óĹͷϸĿ˿˵дʮǵʮŹͷ
ҿ˿Ǹͷȷٰ˵ôŪǿҡҡͷ˭֪һﻹа취ǵ飬һ￴Ƕ֪ˡҲǶǵһ־ɣ
ҵüͷøˣºе˼˼ǿʵʲô˼ҡҡͷóһӣϵס˹ͷݸǿŰɣɡ
ʱ򣬵˹˵Էˣô˶ˡҺǿŹ߽
ԽԽãǿҲסڵ˵á
ǳԵҲЦеģҲȥЩÿĵ飬˵öԣһһ춼Ҫĵġ
Թ˷ҽӵ˸ĵ绰ܸ˵ĸңеüĿˣҪǿĻһ֮ڰףԽϰֵͨϰ־ͿԻعˡ
Ҳܸˣû뵽԰ô˳˵鲻ӦôףһǸʦˡҵ˵ͷǣˣϵǺõġ
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ʱԺɹ̫̫̫ͻȻܺãҲһ󣬲źǿ鷿˹ʦү⡣
ʦүҺǿ벻סֿܣһ־ʦү֪飬һ־ʦүֻǱؼߺɹġڵؼߺӦ֪֪ݡΪʲôͷ¶βġҿǶǸСӣùͷʾá
ǿҲеǹؼߺǳԼҲǳ˹ĴӦûܴѵؼߺѾ¹ˣһ͹ؼߺĵĳ嶯
ǿ˵ʵڲУֱʦүˡЦҡҡͷԼֲ˵⣬Ǻοȥ˵ԼôæأοһǾһֶΪܡǼȻ뷨֮ȻǣҲż˵أ
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̾˿ǿͨ͸˵عѺͺ֪ˡֻҡ
ǿҵļ򣺡İɣġȰ⼸¹ˣ˵ɡҳصĵ˵ͷг˾ϸһ£ȥ֪ͨǸʹߣҲáٹҹСˡϸȥ˵ʵҵеǺ˲١
ԹڵϵϵһЩϵûлӦǲڼҡҲû£һӰһֱ˰ҹˣ˯ˣұҲ˯ģϸˡ
ҵ鷿ϸ˵Ǹʲô˵ʲôУݡҺһǾû̸£ֻúǼˡϸЦЦϴôҲôĻͨ˵ꡣҵ˵ͷ
ϸ˵Ǹʹߣ˵ˣǸСӵ顣ԡ˵ֿսһкǡ𡣡ֻͬˣͰ֮ǰõġǹʹҲ˵ˣﲻæ磬һչġ
֮󣬲֪ǸϲǣǲǸϢìܵúܡ
ϸˣ鷿һ̡֧У˵ԣȻϵĻظǿظݣҴһ
һظһϵصģ֪ԺܿõϢǸˡȥʰ׼ع
ڶظȻϵµģһҫԵĶӰɣ㸸ȥˣڸղţûвڼȫǾ졣пܵĻþ㸸׵ѣԽ塣
ĵ绰롣
ϢҾһҵĴһӱ˿հ׵ģô׵еüĿôȥˡҪ̵ģôᡭ
ľȻܾãŻعҪȷһ¡
Ҳţ绰ĺ룬һ˺üΡ
ں벦ˣһϵӻͲдιҼеĽеʣ𣿡ǸϵԴϿͨ˵԰һҫԵĶӰɣ
ԣҾǣϵôˣ
绰Ǳߴ˶϶˵Һ㸸סһѾʮˡϣ㸸׺ܸˣ˵Իعˡ˵ǡҲˣҪʰȥȥǵһʱĸѾȥˣǵ鷿СҿһϢҲһҪǿܵĻ㾡Ϲɡ


һʮ ɵ
µ绰ֻ˺һӣԼ侲Һѹֿ޲Ҿϵһ⡣ؼʱϵôͻȻģɺϣһɺϣǿżȻ飬ʵǱȻǵﲻ˵
ҸеǷƣֵһ֧̣ԼĻС
֪˶ãҸеվߣ̧ͷҡʵôˣϹ̧ͷʹ˵ϵȥˡ
Ǿȣô£첻ǻúõôᡭ̾˿Ҳ֪ҸյõϢҿҪȥһˡ
˵ͷţȥɡҿҵͷȥɣõҡҶ˵㲻ȥ𣿡̾˿ҵȻȥǹԱֻУҪܣҪ鷳ġ
룬˵ҲԡҪһʱЩ鷳ߵҲǽˣЩʹ߲پˡֻܿȥˡ
˿˵Ϣɣʲô飬˵ɡ˵ͷһص˷䡣
һҹҸûô˯ʱҲԺ˯ˣҸеһܴʯͷѹҵϣҸеǷơһʾң˹
ѾˣܺãˬġߣѾˡ
ڴͷһӣеؿûôˡҲ˴˴һµĿ˽Ҹеöˡ˿Ѿǰ˵ˡҳ˷䣬¥緹Ѿˡ
˵˯һɡҡҡͷ˯ˣԷɡǿҲ˳˿ҡ˵ôˡɫô
Ұ˵һ飬ǿҲеܾȡ˵ϵᵽǸҲлƽ
ǿüͷ˵һ⣬үߵЩΰ
ҡҡͷȲˣҪȰ鰲һ£ǩ֤ȥ
˵ǿһȥɡǿ˿ң˵һڼе㲻ġ
ЦЦЩϵĹӰӣǺǶ̸˵ͷҾͺˣ롮ͷԱҰɡ
룬˵ҿɡ
ݲݵĳͣҸ˸绰Ҳܾȣ鱾˳û뵽ȻĲͷֻðοҼ䡣ָʦ˸绰Ұȥ
ҷµ绰ʱ䣬ϹˡҺǿ֤ҪȥˡϹһֱڰοҡҵкңҲûȥʲôһֱʦϢ
ʱʦڻˣѾˡҹĻƱҲõˡ
ʦ˵Ǳǹ˾İ´ǱߵĹԱӴ㣬㲻õġϹ˵ȥɣһᾭչġ˵ͷûµģҿչԼġ㹤æþأûġ
Һǿ򵥵ʰһ¶ʦ˰Һǿ͵˷ɻ
ͷȲգûڿϡǿϸ̺ӣ˵û°ɣ
̾˿տʼϢеɣںöˡǿ˵ͷҲǣҲ̫ͻȻˣأ
˵飬ֻˣϸϻ˵ˡǱѾͬˣ
ǿ˵ͷҲãҲǺϢˡҲ͸ˡ
̾˿벻͸ҲаھҶ׵ˡϵˣµʱҲҪߵģºҲߵġԽԽµˡ
ǿЦЦ˶ߵģ˵ˣĺֻᵽҲµѭ鵱ȻҪ˿Բԡ
ҵ˵ͷ̾˿ǰҾһĥ֪ڣֵζǺܡѹֿ쾭ңһһЩ벻ѣҪܣڿġĺܣɵҡҲԸ⿴ҵ
ǿ˵Ҳǣʼ޷Ȼͻǣҡϵĺ֡
ҵ˵ͷһֱЩ飬ϵȷʵΡᵽĻƽ˵ƽ𵽵˭
ǿҡҡͷ˭Ҳ֪Ǿе⡣ɺϣôҲûáʲôǵǱ߾ͻ֪ˡ˯һɣûô˯
ҵ˵ͷ۾
ֱɻͣҲתɻѾŦԼĻˡҺǿ˷ɻŦԼǺܺãģҿ˿ǵʱ䣬ӡ
ҵҲһѹ֡һ߳һ˹˵¬ǿ𣿡ҵ˵ͷЦ˵߰´ԡʦѾˣλ߰ɡ
ҵ˵ͷԵͣһҰϵĵַԣԿȥ
ŦԼĽͨҲǺܺã㿪һСʱŵһӵǰ档˵ַϵĵطҺǿ˳
ҿ˿ܵĻŰ˰塣һ˳۾˿ң˵𣿡˵˵ͷǣ
ҸϽ˵¬ҫԵĶӣҽ¬λǺһѣǿһץסҵ֣ˣ㣬롣
ҷ߽˷ӡӺܴ󣬿ʡ߽һ䡣˵ҫԵķ䡣˵ָָһߵĵ˵ġ
ҿ˿Ǹط˵ϵ˵Ӧھ˵Ҫʬ졣ʵǿԿ˵ͷҴȥ㸸ĺ֣һʱſһû˺ۣ֪ҫԵ廹ûಡһĲҪʬ죬֪򡣡
ҵ˵ͷбҪָ˷ӣԵĳ˾֡
;һ棬Ǳһ˾ͣʬ䡣һ롣ڿ˺ܾûмĸˣֻǿϧѾˡŸײ԰׵ҵڸ׵ϸؿ˿ûʲô˺ۡ
˵ˣڰɡ˵ٹһͻʬ죬ʬ챨ҵ˵ͷ˵߰ɣؼȥ㸸׵
ֻصϵķӣص˸׵ķ䡣һһʰŸ׵Ķ׵Ķ֮࣬ǰоһЩָ塣
Ҵ˸׵ĵԣҲǸоһЩ˵ҫܼӣûʲôֵǮһʴڵ棬աһֱһойŴ뻹
ҵ˵ͷ˵֪˲һƽˡ


һʮ 
һ㶣룬˵ҵǲʶϵ˵һѣϵҶʶֻûмҲֻϵ֮ǰһء˵ڹڵһʽżȻ˽ˡ
ҵ˵ͷаƽҲûģҪҲףߵĻҲǲ١ǿһ¡˵壬ϵһᣬ㿴ǲǿ԰Ѷȥأ
˵ͷҲôģҸţͺɡʱҲˡҵ˵ͷж˵ϵһ¡˵ͷԱɣеˣϢһ¡
ҵ˵ͷԼķ䡣ҲŻص˸׵ķ䡣Һǿϸʰ׵ĶƷͲˣʰĶǸµоϡи׵ĵԡ
ǰѶʰˣᵽԵĳϡԿų˲ԶһǰԶ˵ǾϢѶȥԷɡ
ҿ˿ǿ˵ɣסȥǻЩҪԵĶԵ˵ͷҲãȽȥɡ
ǽӣһ񣬺ʡҺǿڿĴɳϡǿһ֧̣һڶ˵㿴үˣʲô⣿
ҵ˵ͷԣ⡣û˺ۣҲĻһ㶼ಡϵ촽ףӦòಡ
ǿֱ壬Ӹһ֧̣˵ô˵ʬҲʲôϣˣҵ˵ͷԣҲ鲻ʲôϵѾǵ֪Χ
ǿʵʲôƻ˵˺ܾãֻлһˡֻҪеϵĻǣҾͿҳˡ
ǿ˵ͷһвȥУ˵ȻҪϵķȥСҹʱǹȥǿ˵ͷŵɣ
˵ʱ˵ɡ뿴ϵµĶǿ˵ͷһһʼǣõĶǺǰоʼǣⱾϵµĹźϸķ¼һʼֻһЩ򵥵ļ¼ˮһĿʼ˸Լ͵н˸׵ѧԿó׶ЩǳӰǳĵо
Һܿ쿴һһ˼ҳҷ֣һǹĹоʼǡһȤϸϸĿǰĶһĵԣȷĹλãϵڲԽܾȣҲˣĹģԳƵһ»ʳǡ
ʱ˽һѵĶǿһӹԵĶ˼󺺱һЩϣкܶСʳƷ
˵ûʲô̫õвҲûʲô˼󺺱ͦģʵϣҪվŲ򵽡ǳɡ
ǿѾϣҲһ󺺱һ߳ԣһ߿ϵµıʼǡԶ˵ҲʲôǾ˵ɡ
̧ͷ˵˵е顣֪ɲֽ֮Ķ˵еģȥ˽־Ϳˡʵ˽־Զ𣿡˵ǺԶŰСʱ̡
ʵ˽û˼ʹϵһˡ˵ԣǻ̻µλ˽ֻһλġһȥǴһ¡֪ʲôˣ
˵һƽ˼ҡԵ˵ͷڵĳԹ˶óһ绰ңְԼĵ绰һ顣ִҴææ˳ȥ
ֻص˸׵ĹʼУ֮ļ¼ٵúܣϵĹһЩ룬һĹıֲһʱ䡣ͻȻֱʼǾȻȱʧ˼ţҰǿ죬Ķϲ磬Ȼ²硣
ͣǿ˵ǿ㿴ĶϲǲµģǿҲıʼǣ˿Ȿ˵ͷµģµġѵϵΪǼҳ浽ʲô
ҿ˿ʼ˵˳ӦйĹĶпܾĹͼ
ǿһ㶣ôϵĹҡҡͷӦûаɡֻͨ񡣲Ϊʲô˰ͼ˺أ
ǿ˵ȻõͼȻĹУȻõеĽ鱦ҵ˵ͷ˵ϵôãһֱûעΪʲô⼸ͱ˶أӦúǸƽйϵѵǸƽǱϵͼģ
ǿ˵ͷҾ˼뵽Ǹƽʲô𣿡˵ֻ֪ӣڽڸߡ͡ɵǶִǹˡϵʱҪߣҲҪǹС
ǿ˵ǰ˼ϵͼǸ𣿡ҵ˵ͷӦǸˣͼʱľӦҲˣȻȷϵ
ǿ˵Ǿͺпܻ֪£ҲǸڽڸߡ͡ɵϴҲһ֪¡ֻʱûа˹ҵϵͼȻɱϵ
ҵ˵ͷпģǸƽԽԽɡıʼǣ˵ʼǵб˺˺üţӦϵ֮ǰĸĲͼӦûȫͼģҿ
ǿ˵ͷһһѰ̧ͷһۣһҡҡͷҿԲ룬ǸͼԭӦһȽϴͼֽԲЩʼһĴСУҲһˡ
ǿָָϵĵԣ˵Ҫɣҵ˵ͷ˵ԡҲһµԣĻϵоϡ֮ǰЩʼҲ¼˵СеһȱʧǱɾˡҶǿҡҡͷҲɾˡһúܾ
ǿ˵ֻɾˣӦÿԻָɡǰûعȥ˻ָһԵġҵ˵ͷ
ʱԴҴҵĸϻˡһֽһӦȫ԰ѶŵϣˣֽǷģǡ
ЦЦģǻصϵķ죬᷸ġԵ˵ͷʵƽϢ𣿡ҡҡͷʱûУѾҵ˽ֵϴֻҪй˵飬Ӳ۾ġ
ҵ˵ͷҲϢһüǲ˼ˣûйЦЦҽĹǣǹ˾ĴɶҲҵ쵼һεһҪŵġ
ЦЦ̫ˡ֪ǰ´ﶼʲôҵ񡣡˵ǵĹܼ򵥣ҲܸӣҪѰһЩʧһЩйĹŶרΪ˾չġ
ҵ˵ͷһЩϾɵĶео˰ɣ


һʮ л
ЦЦо˵ˣȻֻˣ˵ǾӢоŶʷƷרҵġҵ֮ǰпԺоġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ǹ̫ˣҵĸҲⷽоģ㿴µоʼǣûʲô塣
Ե˵ͷðҿҰϰֵıʼǱԣͷʼʱǴӦܸо֮ƺҲϵоˡ
ʵԣôԹͶ룬û˵ֽһԲתͷҡһ顣Ե˵ͷ𺳣û뵽Ȼ˿԰Ĺоô͸ʵЩ밡ҡҡͷҲ˵룬ӦоݵĲ룬λڹŽǺоġͨƳĹŽĹеĽƽϣټͨ񶯶λⶨķΧһóĽۡȻȫȷģиݵģô򵥡
ҵ˵ͷʵԸоһ𣿡ЦЦҵרҵҲʷģȻЩǳȤҿЩҵȻܸˡϲǡ
ҡҡͷûµģϵķҲǺԶֻֿڣȥǡǿҲ˵İǼǵ·һĵ绰ʵڲٸ绰ˣо˶ҲǺܴİԵ˵ͷǺðɣоҪͷԸɡǵ˵ͷ
оҲʡˡȻҲϵоܾʣҿȥҲеΪˡϵɡ
ǿʦѾڱĿˣǿ˵ϵŶǿһֻ۾˵ҿûǿɡ˼ҵĶӣлȽϺðɡһǸɡ
ҺһҲУ㶨ǿһֻ۾ˣҸ㶨壿Ҹ㶨Щ󺺱УҪҸ㶨壬ѵҶô˼֣һưε
ʼ򣺡ҲܣԼŰ졣Ҫȥлꡣǿһһǰ㶨ɣ
ҿ˿ֱѾǵʱʮˡѾ뵽ϵоСҶǿ˵еʱ䣬Ŀһɡȸ绰˵
Ҳͨˣĵ绰ƽ֪ڼƽҲĲ٣ٲ˼䡣
ָʦ˸绰ƽŷµ绰
۾й
ʮһʱһ۾ǿϵĶץһ󺺱ȥԭ˵һͶ״̬ҺǿЦЦǾˡ
߳ӣ·ѾˡߵĶǷӣżмŵƣ󲿷ֶǺŵģѾϢˡ
ҺǿϵķȥǿЦ˵۵ҲǺҵģⲻǶ˯ˡҡҡͷͨϰգûôа
һţһߺܿߵϵķǰҿ˿ĵƻţû뵽廹ûϢҿ˿ǿϰɣ㶨塣ǿ˵ͷߵǰ塣
ʱ˳˿ǣšǿߵǰָֻŵ˵һʲôֻ˵ͷǿͷ֣߹ȥǿ˵߰ɣûˣ
Һܾȣ˵ʲôôӦǵġǿʼ򣺡û˵ʲôʵʵ˵¡ҾȵĿǿͬˣǿЦЦ岻ͬˣܸˣ˵ѵĺúӣܰˡܸء
ףǿֻǸһ£Ҳãǲ鷳ˡҺǿ˷䣬Ҷ˵˼ôû˯̾˿ͻȻ֮ʮѲˣôҲ˯šǼɣעŻˣСĵˡҪطˡ
Ұ˷Уֻصϵķ䡣Ҳ㣬ϵͳˡҫʡڵϻһͼΡóֽ˼ܡ
óһŻֽд˸׵֡ȼյһ紵֮ܿȥȴϵĻǡǿʵô£벻а˵첻ͷߣϵĻǻ֪ؼҵ·ٸ·ɡ
˵óһɰ߶˳ȥе¬ҫԣϵɡһ紵ɿϵĻǡ
ǿüͷô£ѾˡΪʲôϵĻأѵĺָ·ãķӳ٣Ҳϡ档Ҳһͺˡ
ֽһ¬ҫԣϵɣһ硣ǻǿϵĻǣеżˡǿ˵ҪưɡҲϵͻˡ
еƣǿĶһңȻҵֻյǿáҸϽյ˹⣬áζ𡱵ȼյŵ˰ͼм䡣
ҸеΧʤˣǿ˵оǶˣûпǡٽɡֽͻȻеһӰǵͷϻζš
̧ͷһȻϵĻǣҽеϵǴǿҲϵĻǡ˵û˵ͱͱңԾ
ȻԾϵĻȻҵƮţϵ۷ֱûнԺӡ
ǿҡҡͷˣϵ겻ǣֻʣһԪӣͶ̥еġ
֪ǿ˵û̾˿ϵʵǹݶɱ˲˵Ҫ˻ǣϵ޷Ͷ̥Ҫϵͷ֮ǰҵĻǡȻϵ޷Ͷ̥ˡ
óҫʡϵĻһΣϵĻǱҫʡ˽ȥպˡҫʡǿ˵鷳ˣزģҵϵĻǿɲס
ǿ˵ڻһԪҲҿҡ׷󷨡˵𣿡ǿ˵ʱǡͷˡûСͷҿԽһˡһ԰ɣ
˵ùھ׷ǿ˵ͷ֣ġҫʡóҰѡҫʡݸǿ
ǿѽʷŵ˰ͼСڽ淢ҫʡڰͼзɿתֱָͣһǿʰҫʡС
ָָĸ򣬾Ǳߡȥ˵һǿ巿ĵѾϨˣǾûнȥʱûʱ䵢飬ֱšҫʡָʾķ׷ȥ
һŷӣִһ֣һֱ׷һɽ档
ǿеġҫʡǿתţȻָǿ˵ͷ¬лɣ


һʮ Ѱҡƽ
ҸϽó˷䣬ķ̤ǣи߽Уϵɡʱ䣬ɽһ׵ӵ֮´˳
ǿһϽšҫʡתͷ׵㣬ҫʡ˽ȥ
ǿ˵ǲȫⲻһһǣһԪҲֻһǰǲȫ
ҿ˿棬˵ԣһһΪʲôģѵʲôǿ˵ͷѡҫʡҡǸطΧַ˼Һǿһ
ɶɼ֮ǰڶģҺǿܿһӡڿӵҵһССչӡչһ䣬ǷڻƲ滭ŵġ֪ΪʲôȻƫһߡ
ǿ˵ԭҪƫˣҵϵĻǿǲסΪʲôƫأ
ϸĿ˿ڹӵıϣȻһСסˡ˵ܾΪӦǸ󶴣ѷŪġ
ְѹӶ˳ͻȻֹӵ»һùȻһʯüͷʲô·һⶫʲô
ǿҡҡͷǹҼģһʯЩǾͻԺأ֪νģЩʽˣֻϵءƺ֪л꣬ԲĻСҺֻ󣬲ȻֻȷһҪҵӣ¿ˡ
ӿһɶ֪һҲ֪µ˾ϵʲôޣȻôҪҪ˻ǡҧҧĳһ
ǿ˵ˣȰѷ˺ɡҵ˵ͷ˶˺ķ䡣ӹƮ˳Ҳ˲һ㡣áҫʡЩ㡣˵һǡ
ǿ˵һ֪֡öصˡҰѡҫʡݸǿ׷󷨡ǿҡҡͷǲˡһ˲ãҪûֻǶҲǹӣʣµһǣһǲˡ
̾˿˹ӣϸĿ˿ҿӵд֡¼ǡӦһ̵ֺšҶǿ˵һȥȥʿǲ˽ֵġ
ǿ˵ͷóŷ䣬ǿ˵һ߰ɡǻȥڲɡǿ˵ͷ
չˡiܿصϵķ⣬ĵĽȥ򵥵ʰһ¡ĵˡܿصסķӡ
˽ȥԶûз֣ضŵԡҺǿҡҡͷɳϣǿһ
ŷ俴ķĻ֣һһͼ߻һһֻ۾ͼǸ׶ӡǾǸӣȻûмһģһķ䣬ҿ϶ַķ䣬һ֮ǰڲķ䡣ַȻõķҪ̵Ķࡣķĺ
Ҷǿ˵㿴䡣Ҿ֮ǰڲ￴ķе񡣡ǿһ㶣ǰɣǡǸ²ѾѵǴģ
üͷǴģºпܺʦүйϵˡѵֽǵȦסλҵϵˡ
ʱԲŷѾˡ˵ԣ˹ǻˣ˳𣿡ҿ˿ԣЦЦ㿴ĺԣûд㡣鶼˳Ҫæ
ʵʲô飬˵ɡҰѹó˵ҲһûС¼ǡӣ˭ӡ
Ե˵ͷֻˡҵ˵ͷʵ㲻˯𣿡ҡҡͷҲ˯㸸׵ʼǺ˼᲻÷¡ٿһ˯ɡٿһ˯ˡأ
Һǿһҡҡͷʱڷɻһֱ˯ʱҲûе˯
ʱԲȥ˯ˡҺǿһֱ죬˿ʱ򣬲һ
ǺԵ˵ͣ͸һ˽֣Ȼ˽һרչӵĵ̣¼ǡ
ҸϰЩǮϰǷЩļ¼Լȥ˽ֵĹϵѯƽȥˡ
ǿ˽ڵ¼ڸȥǰһ¼УҵǸӵˡһˣţŲǣͷͷһۣ˫۾쳣һǸ͵Ӧеġ
Ұѻ涨һ˲䣬ͷϸĿ˿˵ģǺģֻһ˫۾ҾЩ졣˺ܾãҲ벻
ǿҲ˵Щ졣ҲӼᶨҵĿĿʶˡ
лϰ壬ǿˡ¼ǡ˽ŲţҶǿ˵֪ǸǲǾϵ˵Ļƽ𡣡ǿһҿ˲죬ǾԲǼĻƽ𡣵˭أ
ǶȺҵ˫۾ˡţҵֻҽ绰洫Ϲϰ壬ôû𣿡
˵԰ɣе鷳ӦúܿϹ˿ʲô鷳ܲܰæ̾˿ﲻϣֻܿԼˡ
Ϲʵôģ˵Ǳ˺ģǸ˻Ǹ֡ɱˣϵĻǡھͲһҲ
ϹеżǸвУҪҪҶɼ˹ȥ
˵Ժܺã԰æ˵˶ҲûãҺǿӦÿԸ㶨İɣҲġ
Ϲ˼ŷ˵绰
Ҹշµ绰ӭǸϽ˵ǿ¼ˣûҵǸˡҵ˵ͷ˵Ǹͷһ۾ͷǲӦҪҵǸƽ𡣡
˵ǶˣİҲҲ鵽һˣһˣص۾Ҷˡ׷ʵЩ˵û˵Ǹס
Ե˵ͷһַʹǹȥ
Һǿһۣһ˵ȥ
˳һ߿һʵΪʲôôżҸأ˵ܾ֡ǲȥˡ
üͷôˣôɱأ˵ô֪ɱأʬ챨滹ûг
ҺһҲǿĶǼأҲûǿôϡôˣɣ


һʮ ּ
Դǿ˼˽ֶߵһֵҵһС¥С¥һ԰һܳݻͣڲݵϣǿŵġ
³ȥ塣ֵסԣˣֱӽȥüͷⲻϹû
ҵ˵šҺǿԺӡûа취ֻܱ͡
ǴԺӣǰţŵġҺǿһ˷ӡ
ûˣҿŴţȻ˴ܵˡҺǿһۣ˳ȥǿ¥鿴ӡ
˳ȥһΣܿ˿ֵûˡֻص˷Сǿͣǿ˵ûʲôҿ˵ļҡ̾˿ûʲôˣֵϿյģˡ
ǳ˷ӣԺӣصԵĳϣеţôûŪɣҡҡͷûˣһǸߡǿһɡ
˵ղ绰˵ʬˣҿǻȥְɣ
ֿһǶӣ˵ͷԷ򾯲ֵķȥ
ǵ˾֣Խȥ棬ʱʬ˳˳˵ҡҡͷҵӢ˻Уôרҵı棬ҿҰɡ
Ե˵ͷñ濴˿˵˵ûзʲôԭֻǻеϢҲҵ˵ͷû˵
ǿһ˵ļãǺҲ
üͷ˵¬ʬûᵽɱġҿǲǡ
ҽӹʬ棬ҡҡͷ˵ȥԵ˵ͷҿȥңҺǿ˳Ҷ˵ȥɣһǿԼȥ
Ե˵ͷãҴ绰
Һǿ߽˷ӣڷӵſڵĳϣ߽ЦЦ㻹ðɺӣҵ˵ͷ壬ʬˡ㿴ɣ
ӹʬ棬˿ʵôҡҡͷϵһǱ˺ġ޿ɡʬûʲô塣
˵ͷҲôġҲҫǱ˺ģҺ֣򵥡ҿ壬֪Ϊʲô˵Ļ˵ϵһֱӼ˼оҲϣٳŵġȥһ˽֣һͻŻŵģ˵ʲôҪ顣Ҿ˵˸һԣ˵ʲô󱲡ҾȰҪšҪغȥ˵ʲôҲҪعǾϵ㡣
ҵ˵ͷ˵壬ǲʬ֮ǾͿϵʬأ˵ͷˣһҲ԰ϵˡ˵óһֽһȨ飬ֻȨϵʬ塣ȨˡԼ鴦ɡ
ҽӹȨ飬˵һлл
صסķӣҺǿɳϡǿʵ˵һܵأҡҡͷҲ֪֪ܵúܴæݵϵĸݻûͣˣΪʲô˵ļҲ˵ļң
ǿ˵ܼ򵥣ĲúͰ趼ǰң֪ûио˵ļ涼һζ˵ʹ֮巢һζҲ˵ǲϵζղǸӾûС
ҵ˵ͷ¼˫۾ҲǸĺˡһﲻǻױʲôһǾú죬֪ǲʶˡ
ǿ˵ߵôġٹȥҵ˵ͷҲôģץץҲΣҪҵϵһǡ
ǿЦЦҲ˼ڴҲû취ֻܵˡ˵еˣ˯ᡣ˵վܽ˷䡣
Ҳһ䣬ڴϾ˯ˡ
֪˯˶೤ʱ䣬ұجξˣ֮ôҲ벻ʲôΡ̾˿濴˿Ѿˡ߳˷䡣˳򿪱䣬˹ˮһڡ
ǿ֪ʲôģҲڳڳ棬ЦЦڵĳš
һߵɶŵԣûжϵôʵоԣǶǶôʱ䡣
ߵԵʵô̧ͷĺܾʣ˼¬ô񻹻һͼΪʲôûͼأ
̾˿˵ˡҲϵԭ򡣡һ㶡Ҽ˵㻹ûпʲôֵĵط
˵ʵҲûʲôֵ̫ĵط¬һźľûдĹĹдĺϸЩдûиݵģᵽ֮ǰһĹĹҵһһεļأдĶĹơ
һ㶣ʵŶǸأҡҡͷûдҲ֪֮¬оᵽĹУֵܻ鷢
ʵʲô飿˵ʼ϶ЩдЩģ߿¬Ҳ˵ġֻ˵һЩʲô񰡣һЩҿЩҲǺܿס
ҷܸȤ˵һժҡԵ˵ͷǰһθõһϣ
ϵĹеоǸӦǸ޽ĹĹԱµġһμ¼ڵʩһ顣˵ʱӵڳˮֵǣˮɫ仯ҹΪ׼ҹ֮ǰǰɫҹ֮Ǻɫţ飬ī֭
Ҳеˡô˵ĺĺˮһѵĹҲһأ־ò̫ܣҲǵ֮Ĺô᲻Ҹ˿ˮ˿ķˮôء˵أˮҲɱͷ֮ɡ
Ҽȥڳ飬ʱֹͣˡ˵Ǿ˹񡣺˵ǺʦԬԬôģûд
һ˵ĻȪˮҿһдġЩ־С˵ˡû˵ȴΪȻһڵϵ
ʱǿ˹һ£ԲԶҰ۾ӵĻƿ˵Ҳԡǿ˵ͷǾ߰ɣҲڵĲˣǹȥ
ҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿŵˡҵ˵ͷվһ˵ǳȥ£ڼҴŰɡԵ˵ͷ޵ĵ˵¬ǱΥ飬ľ졭Ѿߵ˴ſڣǿЦ˵ģҲץġ


һʮ ־
Һǿ˳һֱ֮ǰԴȥǶӸ˳ĵߵǶӵıϡǸݻͣԺĲƺϡ֪ͣûˣ˹صġ
ٿǶӣһƬڣûһŵơԿŵģ뿪ʱһû˻
Һǿһۡǿ֣С˵ġҫʡңá׷󷨡ҫʡǿһתָŷͣǿЦЦ档ȥɡ
üͷִһǸӣǾе㲻Ծҵ˵Сĵ㡣ǿҵɫأҲ˵ͷ
ǿˣԺӡƺǰҺǿһۣжӱǿ˷šҪȥͻȻ֮䣬һܶǶ뵽ˣһëҲᾪȡû뵽о
ǿңҳ˵ҸʲôܰʩչiɿӳԺӣûԶ㵽һߵʺ档
ʱҫһɿĵǶǰ档¾Ժӣſڰγǹ溰
ǿ˵ľ춯ܿ찡Һһ֪ǱԶģ˻򿪵ġ
ǿʼ򣺡ɲ˵ھ֪ϵĻⶰ档֪ôȥ
ʱѾ˷ˣеĵƹһһһ߳ˣ໥˵ʲôһֱ˾žˡ
žԶˣǿ˵ǻҪȥ𣿡ҵ˵ͷȻˣСô赲أǿ˵ôȥأ
ҿ˿˵˵ķͨǣһ죬һڵءǸ̴Ѻ͵ҵڡѡһ
ǿٺٵЦҿɲ죬̴ȥʥˣߵҵڰɡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǻϵɣ㲻ûͷǿ̾˿ôһҺһڱģɣ
ӵס˰ǱԺУڷӵ½Ǵûҵ˵ҵţǸϹһѴ
ǿʹ˸ɫˡҵ˵ͷóһ룬ͱ˼£ͱҴˡǿٺһЦʺϵЦҡҡͷ
ţ˵С¼̨ףǽϴ򿪿أҵĵҺǿŷ֣Һһãܹźܶ񣬲Щֺ񲻴зеҮջҲУЩҸͲʶ
ǿЦЦﹻӵģôʲôС֪ǼһﵽʲôҵȻûʲô˼ЩһȦûʲôԷϵĻǵĶ
ǿ˵᲻¥ϣҵ˵㣺ȥ˵
¥ϸѰһ£ûҵϵĻǡǿ˵ҾûǵұȽϿɡҵ˵ͷַص˵ҡǿ˵ڿֻܰˡ
ҵ˵ͷҲǣһ÷šҵҵˡǿʼһһÿһ񶼷ˣҲûҵǿüͷôأ֪ȴҲ
ץץͷĴĿ˿ͻȻǸƵͺ֡ǵƺһʢŵ滹ֵͼһָǵ˵ǿ㿴յơǿһ˵࣬Ͻġ˵һףָָԼļ
ǿļ򣬴Ǹмͳһŷ䡣ҸϽ˷䣬ϵĻƮ˳ǿѡҫʡݸңҰϵĻ
ǶһͻȻǿһ˵ôˡҸϽְѵҵĵƱˡǿ˵ɣڳȥ
ǶЩУʱ¥ִŲһֱҶſڣһ¡˵ҵţ˽Һǿס˺Ҵ۾Ǹˡ
Ǹ˲ûд򿪵ƣſſ濴˿Ȼš¿˿һ
áͨǿ˵ʲôһҲǿ˵ǰһҲ͵ġ
ʱҵĽŲ˵˵ݣӦ죬ڱԹʲôһˡ
Ǹһ˿վŵſȥſŷ濴šҶǿ˵С˵ʲô·
ǿ˵ͷһһһ˳ͬʱץȥ
⧲첲ץסһ֮첲Ҳһ¡ҾȻекץһץסеĸ첲Ҫߣڿǿһץס۽ĸ첲ҲҪ֡
󾪣ô¡һץ˵ĺ͸첲һֻóҫʡһ˦֣ҫʡıʼ˳ȥһӲס˵ֻţͬʱ˵ĸ첲ҲҺǿĿƣǰȥ
ֻűҵġҫʡסһ˵ڵءһ£һ˦֡ڡҫʡ£һӷ˹һ˫۾ֵĿҺǿȥǸ˼ҡ
ҺǿҲ˸ͬʱĽ˳ô㣿Ҳ˵žߡֻű̫޷ѡ
ǿһ˵ȥкȵƿӡʵ̫˸㲻ǿʵʵ䡣˵°һӶˡ
ǿ߹ȥϸĿ˿˵ʵ㣬Ȼһˡ˿˿ǿеĿ־ˡԸĵ˵ͷҲһЩϸĿ˿ʵǲǸ־
Ǹ˺ʱ򿴵ĸ־һģһģı飬Ҳһġǿһᣬ־ҪǻڵĶҿ˲Ǹ־Գǡƽ𡯡
Ǹ˿˿ǣ˵ҾǸ־ҺǿһǸ֪Ҳ˵ôģû䣬ѾԾˡ
ǻе㲻ţʵϲʶǣ־˵ͷҼǵãʱڻүңҽӴǣٺ٣Ҳ˳֮ҡ
û뵽ղЩµĸ־ȻҺǿһۡáͨǿ˵ô£һﶮó֮
ǿһˣʲô֮ôҲõ֮ˡһб顣ϵ顣
ҶԸ־˵Ǹүǲɱģ־˿ң˵ʲôүӣҺһװɵǲԳǻƽ𣿡־˵ͷǰһ죬ǲ֪ȥ򣬺һˣ˻үļң˾ɱһȥûˡҾûƽʣµļҵˡܵʱ򣬽ԡ˾ǡء￪˸¥


һٰʮ ѲĹ
Һǿһ㶣Ҫô˵¥Ȼһ￪ġԣӦ˰ҺǿĿׯǰһɱ¾ƽˣ־룬ʱûעһֻǻʦүװӡ֮ûм
ǿʵ˵ϻүӵǲɱģ־ҡҡͷûɱˡʵڡ¼ǡӵǲ㣿־˵ͷһӡʲôҲ֪
ҳʵǸ˭Ĺӣ㵽ϲʶ¬ҫԡ־˿ң˵¬ҫʶ֮ǰҲڹڵʱǾʶʱˣʱڿŶӣڿһĹһƷǿû뵽ǰ쾹Ȼ˽ˡ
ʵһԣ־һľԣҲԵġǿüͷáۡ˵ô£һԵϣһԲأҲáͨشǰǲǻбˡһǲװɵ˵Ӳġٺú
ҶԸ־˵ôԻģȥׯû㣿־һ㶣æҡҡͷʲôׯûȥûȥȻ־ʸڷϣҾĻңģһ˵ѡ
ҺһĲڣ־ҡҡͷҼ˵죬ϰ̧ĸľׯͻȻѹһЩǲǡ־۾֣ҡͷûûУ
Ҽ˵ʱ˽ʬЩʬ˽ʬƽӿǹûãЩ˶ʬ˺ˣôѵġ
־ֿʱҵĲ岻סҡΣҺǿϽӰѸ־ذסҴ˵˵ôġ
ǿڸ־Ĳһ־·ɢӵĵط¶Բε˺ۡҺǿһۣز˵ҺǿҲ֪ôˡ
ǿ˵һǽʬóһŷֽ滭һʬ˸־ͷϡ־˵ϡ
ǿŵڵ˵һǲ챻ҧģҡҡͷ֪һǽʬǿ˵ֵúܣ˵ûжϵ֡ѵĲüͷһ˵ĻٵģҪϵֶˡ
˵ţҰѸ־ͷϵķ䣬õˡ־תǡҳ˵־ҿʵʵ˵ȻҲɲ㡣Ϊ˽ʬҾͶԸ㡣
־ʱҲָƽ˿ǣ̾˿˵ǣǽʬһҲûʲô£Ҳûʲô¡ҰүĺӶˣҺշתҵӲ䣬Ҳûа취ֻòͣػױ߸ɴ໻ط
Ÿ־߶߶˵ţǿ˰֣ʵ˵ϻǲļң־ҡҡͷҺǿһۣǿʵΪʲôסʲôˣ־˵ʵҲ֪¬ҫˡ˵ˡȥʱûиĵַֻ֪סĲԶֻһ棬Ϊҵѣû뵽
ҿŸ־һӵѡ׷ʵΪʲôҪ־˵ǰһӣһ˽һҳúˡһֱ׷飬͵ҵһϵʱ䣬￴˾ҾͶ㵽ˡǡ
־˵ҸӺͿǿӣֺ˵ѡ˵ɣߡ뿪
־ʵĵ˵ͷ˵ôôѡóˡҫʡڸ־ıϻ˸䡣Һǿ־ͨĵҵСţ˳ȥ˳һ·صסǶӡ
ҺǿһǰһİѸ־м䣬ߵ˷棬ŵԵԿǡ˹˿ңҡҡͷûʲôҰѸ־˷䣬Ը־˵֪֪˵Ļ֡ѾﵽǰԲ״̬ھ֪¬ҫǲɱģ
־ҡҡͷңĲġҵĹܣټҵĹ۲죬ԳǡҿԸܵ־ûѣ֪һԿԼûΡһѾôˣνϾ顣һСΪ
һ۾ʵǸʲô־ҡҡͷ˵ңҲֻ֪·¼ǡ㿴˿ǸӺϲһҪʲôҲûȥ֮Ҳûʲôã֮Ͳˡ
һƵһɶֱ޴ѰҲѵĺۼΨһͻƿڣͻһû
ֻܼѯʣղȥǸط˭ļң־ҡҡͷҲ֪ͨǿ˵ԲǸ˭ġǿ˳ȥ
ҿŸ־㲻֪˭ô׷ġ־˵ʵҲûʲôֻҸе档ҸȥǶһˡҾȥǡ
ҷָ־ȷʵв壬˵˵ȥҲصʱǿˣҶǿ˵ʣȥ绰ƽ
ǿ˵ͷ˳ȥ˸绰ƽŷµ绰ɳ顣
˹ظһƿˮ˵Ӳˣһˣµģӳˣһйˣƽ𡣡
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ҵ˵ͷڸ־ıһ¡־һȥҶǿ˵һ˷һľͿˡôʳʲôûУ
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ʵӵô˵ǿҡҡͷ˵֪
ҿű۾ĸ־кƣһѸ㶨ֱһ⣬ȻҲһȫˡһʱĲ֪Ӧôźá
ǿңҲͷ̾˿һֻ̣˵һѶԸҲѣΪʲôεôءѵûѣֻԼѣ
ҿ˿ǿ㣬ʲô˼ǿ˵֪Լѡһǲ̫סǿ˵ʵҲ˵һ£סǵסĵط
ҵ˵ͷð취ð취


һٰʮһ ˸ѵĽʬ
Ū˸־Ը־˵סȥ־˵ͷҺǿ־˳ȥ
˳ڸ־Ĵǿ˼֣˽ָڵһһҡŵĽֵƵǰͣ־˵Ҿסġ
˳Ÿ־˷ӡûʲôرģͨͨӡ־صеǱøɣָָɳ˵ÿɡҼûϣҾͲǺˡ
ǿʵҲûгԵඣ־˵ͷһԶģҶǺѪ
һѪǲҪȥҧˣ־ҡҡͷȥҧ˵ģں򵽹ڵҽԺѪҧ˵ġ˵ʵû˵Ѫ
ҵ˵ͷԸ־˵һס𣿡־˵ͷѾ˺üŮˣֲҲˡ
Һ͸־˵ţǿĴתţѰ
ʸ־ɱƽȺʲôˣ־˵ЩԭǺͻүһģһһƱģүڳԺˣԭΪ˱ɱˣ˲ûһȺˣռɽΪ֮;һˣҵ˻ү𡣶֮ǰү֪Ϣüǰ뿪ˡҲǿҵǣһֱչǡ
ʵ֪Щ˽ʲô𣿡־˵ҲǸͷ˽Ҳ뱨ģ˵ǼһﲻҲˣļͬ
˳֣һ㶡û뵽ЩˣЩ飬ϵġ
ţͻȻгǿӡǿáۡ˵¥ûʲôҲиңȥҵ˵ͷȥɣ
ҶԸ־ʵ¬ҫԵʱ˵ʲô־˵Ҳû˵ʲôɣ졣֪ڹһѲס
Ҽǵúϵ֮ǰ˵һƽˣ˻һԣΪʱһˣʱ˵ľͺ顣Գǻƽĸ־ȴ˵Լԡϵ棬Ǳ˻ǶģǻղǸһͨģٵΪֹҲø־
ţͻȻҶĸ־¶һ˿Цݡһ㣬ΪʲôᷢЦЦĺ޵ʵЦʲô
־գգ۾ûЦ˵仰ֳֹ֮ŹֵЦݡҪһ¡뵽־˵ˣҿ֮ǰĸ־ͬЦôˣѵûʸЦ𣿡
һ㶣ͻȻתĸ־Ҳ֪˵ʲôźáǻû˵һֱҶĸ־ͻȻץ
һ˸־ϡһɼӸ־ϴȻ󵽷ɹȥһײ˺ǽϡոóҫʡǸ־Ȼ׺ݵı˹
ֻͻȻǱ䳤ץҾһ㣬ʬôԡһĸ첲Ա䳤ҼǣһСҹ̽־ֻץ˹ȥֻ־һ͵ת־ͻȻӳĸ첲šһ黨
־ֱ۱ҽץס־׺ݵĵңͻȻͣ¶˿е˹̧֣ø־ĸ첲ס˸־͡־һأնڿת˼Ȧסĸ첲һûˡ
־һУֻ۾ɫĹâͷҧ˹һæֿץŸ־֣һСඥ־Դȥһҵֻ֣ݺݵ˸־̫Ѩϡ
Ǹ־һ˦ֻ֣첲ҵֻϲ˼Ȧҵĺץȥû뵽־һСҵֱ۱ţ档͵һͷǰһײ˸־ؿڡ־ƺһȥ
ҵĸ첲־ĸ첲ţҲһǰȥ˹һ򡣷һζŸ첲Լһֻ˳ڸ־ݺݵһ¡־һҽУ˳ȥصײǰǽϡ
˸־ľһֻƳһСְԡһƵİ־ײȥںһͦҫʡȥɫİײ˸־ϡ־ٴƺߡݺݵǽСҲ֮˵ҫʡڸ־ĶͷϻһԷ
־͵۾һӱˣǽϻ䵽˵ϡڶˡ
˿Ÿ־ҪҪʬˡʱǿһ˵ô£ҡҡͷСҸղһҲͱˡ˼Ҿˡ
ǿ˿־˵Ҳиҡ֮ǰȥǶһȫЩʲôСߣ˵ǶӲԼġ
ҿ˿־˵ô˵һˣǿ˵ͷ˵ΪʲôʲôӣҡҡͷġһԼʶһ¡
ֻһŷϣŰѸ־ͷϵİԲ־۾׼ʱϷ䡣
־۾˿Һǿֿ˿ܣ͸ãðβʵôˣѵˣ
ǿһ㶣ô㲻֪ʲô飿־ʱ׼Ǹ־лǲ죬ץԼͷ˵⵽ô£
ϸĹ۲Ÿ־ӺĲ֪ղŷʲô顣ǿҲңʵһ״̬ˣô£Ҳҡҡͷǿ˵ңûʲôˣ𣿡
ǿһԴ¥ȥɹ۲Ÿ־ʱ͸¶һΨΨŵŵһãͺһʼĸ־ӣ͸ղŵӺȫͬͻȻ뵽ѧʱ򿴵һЩЩ˵ˣй˺ͷѵ顣
һ˻һܶԸ񡣶֪һ˺ͳֵʱ򣬾ͺȫһˡûб仯ȫһѵĲǸʬһһ˸ѵĽʬ
ڵĸ־һųĸ־һ־ʱ򣬾ͻñ׺ѵһ־ģǾ˵־һɵˣûκղŵıָͲѣȫ֪Ҫ֪ľֻܰһ־гôôſ԰һ־Ƴأ
־Ǹģ˵׷ʲôˣûлص⣬ǷʵҵЩǸɵʲôأ
־˵ʵҲûʲôһô꣬˺ܶණŪЩĤݣԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽˡԼкܶ񡣡
һĵ˵ͷ
Ÿ־˳˼
ĸееΪѣĲ֪Ӧô˸ѵĽʬˡ


һٰʮ רҵ
ҿ˿ʱ仹ңûеҹҪ֪ǲһģһ취Ҫһϵˡ
ϵ˵ڻ졣ͷ߻ػҹֱɢҪϻ⡣
⡣Ҫ̳鷳ġ
ٿĸ־ƺ뵽һر״̬߶߶ֹţôôһֱظţֻ۾ն޽㡣ҲֹֻǼŷ䣬ȴšһҿԵһʱס
ʱǿ˻˵з֡ʲô֣ǿ˵һ֧Ʊһ㶡Ϊʲôһ֧Ʊأǿ˵ҲѶ˱ˣȻ˼ҸǮءǿԲһ֧ƱҲ
ҵ˵ͷҲǸҸͨѸղŵ뷨ǿǿǾȣ飿ҵ˵ͷֻһˣڿ־ӣġǿҲ˿һɵɵĸ־̾˿ôһﲻװİɣ
ҡҡͷܲô࣬Ȼȥ˵ɡǿ˵ͷŸ־˳ȥ˳صסĵط
ִŸ־ȥˣʵ˵˭أǴ˵ǸԳǻƽˡҵˡе⡣ָָ˵е⣬Ӧ˸ѡ
Կ˿־˵鷳˵ģҪҵרҵ˵ͷôʲô˽ҵר𣿡Ե˵ͷⷽרһʶҪˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Уôܶˡ˵ó֧Ʊ㻹ҪҲһ£֧ƱĹߣ˵ĵϸԿ˿֧Ʊ˵ͷ
Ҽ˵ѾȨ飬Ҫȥϵĺ£׼ֱӻ𻯣Źǻһȥ
Ե˵ͷȷʵܶࡣϢɡˣ˵ָָ־ҵ˵ͷ㲻ùˣұ֤ġ
־ɳϣǳճմӣĵʱߵ־ߣ˵˼Բˡ˵Űŷ˸־Ķͷϡ־һգֱ
ԾȵĿңͰ͵ʵҰѸ־߽ҵķ䡣ǿ§Ц˵磬кܶ鲻νѧԽ͵ġҲ޷͡ϣҪıۡ
û뵽ԾȻЦˡ˵Ϳͷģе˼ѧģѧйʷȻҶЩ֪ġȻûıҵصġ
ǿЦҽеˣ¬ͬ־Ǻġõˣͬ־ҪסҪܡԸ˵ĵ˵ͷǷİɣ
߳˷䣬ڷһŷŹϷšɳСһ˷ܵ飬ָŷ˵ôǶԸʲôǲǹҿԵӣ˵ǸǽʬǸ˸ѵĽʬϵǱ˺ˡǰϵĻǶˣǺòŪˡô򵥡ϢϻҪ顣
ԻҪʵʲôҺǿŹĻص˷䡣
ϽӴʵǶ࣬ǶҪʱһ¡ǿ˿˵Ĳܰϵϻ𣿡ҡҡͷûаգʱ䣬صԼԡ»Ūɳ׾
ǿҡҡͷҲǣõȻͷߣʱ˺ͶС˼Ҿ͸Сеˡ
ָָ˵滹гԵġԡǿҡҡͷĶʵǡ˰ɡ˯ɡеˡ
һϣǱѡҺǿ͵´ţվſڣ˵ڰ˵ˣǱѾϰˣʬ廹ҪܶǸרʮһҪץʱ䡣
ҵ˵ͷǿ򵥵ϴһ£˳鶼˳ʮʮֵʱǻص˷Сó绰˸绰һЩ顣绰ûн꣬һŻװԼʮ˽
ԸϽӭȥס˵ָҺǿһ¡λרʷʿǼ򵥵˼䣬ʷʿ˵һ˸ѵԼǲ֪ġҪķ˽гһȡĶǴߵİ취һ˵治ֻһѣпܻкܶ࣬һҪ׼
ҵ˵ͷʷʿ˵Ҳ֪ҲҪ׼˲һˣһ˸ˣҲˣϣ㡭
ʷʿ˵ͷǷİɡҼܶ࣬׼ġ
ҵ˵ͷ߽˹Ÿ־ķ䡣Ѹ־ͷϵķ˺ˡ룬ֻһŷ䣬˸־䡣һ־°Ͳܶˡʱ򣬸־ת۾˿ҡҷָ־ɫ쳣ĲҰףֻ۾ȴͨѪˡ
ʵûʲôɣ־е˻ƣ˵ûʲôûкѪеܡҼֵסҿŸ־Ҳܣʵﻹд𣿡־˵ͷڳıҽйǿ˵־еܣȥҵıЩʳɣǿ˵ͷһˡ
Һʷʿ˷䣬ʷʿ˿־üͷʵ𣿡־˵ͷҡҡͷʷʿĵʵʲô˼־˵ӦкܶѵģŪҵļ澭ĺۼ벻
ʷʿ˵ͷʵֺͱ˵𣿡־ҡҡͷûСҲ֪˭˵ҵҲ
ʷʿǵ˵ͷüͷѾһʵûзֵأ־˵аǰһҳһģһˣҾһֱ˺ܾãҵסûҵǸˡ
ʷʿ˵ͷСض˵Ӧûдڿʼߡ
ҵ˵ͷ͵͵ó䣬ϣԱʱ֮衣
û뵽ǣߵĹ̾ȻǼ򵥡ֻʷʿʳָڸ־ǰнĻζ˼¡־Ȼһӱ۾
һ㣬ơ־ͻȻ۾ȫˣĶݺݵģ˼£Լ°ܶݺݵĶҺʷʿ˵Ƿſң˭ʵ˭˭
־ٺٵЦЦ˭ǻƽ𰡣Ҽ㡣¬ô£ôſң
ʷʿһָ־ٴα۾ʷʿ˵һ˸ѡһֹһӦûеġ
ʷʿĻû䣬־۾


һٰʮ ˸
ҿŸ־־ҲңͻȻŮŮ˵ǣҪʲôΪʲôҶˣſҡһʷʿ
ʷʿֻ˻ָ־ٴα۾ᵽһߡҿ˿ʷʿʷʿ˵˸ѺԱûйϵģɶйֵֵľԻһ˸񡣡
֮ʮ־ʱĻ赹ѹǰǰȻжʮ˸Ҹе𾪣룬־ôãô飬ÿйȥĿʱ򣬾ͻٻһٻһ˸񡣰Եʱѡôһ˸ѵˡ
ʷʿͷ˺ˮͳ˲˵ĺͻ¼ˡҪпܵĻȥоһ¡
ʱ־һ˹ҿ˿־־͸һǰδеɭϿһģһϸее㲻ԣеķø־ͻȻһͷͷ­˲һʷʿ˹ĸֻ͵۾
ʷʿ뵽飬һڵзû磬ֽ˸־Ĳϣͷ­ʷʿǰٽһֻ֣ҧĸ¸ֱ졣ŵʷʿɫɷף亹ֱһȥҸϽһס˵ӣʷʿûеȥ
ҰʷʿһߡʷʿδͰ͵Ķ˵⣬ǡǡҸϽ˵Բ𣬶ԲʵҸղûиһʬʷʿ֮󲻵£ȻǸȤ˵ʲô˵ǽʬҵ˵ͷ
ʷʿһסңһֱоʬҼǵĽʬ˵йҲнʬû뵽һһ˸ѵĽʬҡҡͷԲ𰡣ʷʿоһ塣
ʷʿһ֣ף̸һ¡ҵ˵ͷ˵𼱣Ⱥ˵䡣
ҿŸ־ͷĵ۾ʵ¬ҫǲɱģ־˿ңһɱġôзߺޣֻǿеסʵᷨ־һһЩҲӣ취ϢһЩʬʵǲУ޷ķֻˡ
ʵΪʲôҪɱ¬ҫԣ־ٺһЦΪʲôΪǮ˸ǮҪĶ
żˣʵ˭ȥɱģߵǲһͼ־ЦЦ˳ͷһ˵˭ҾͲ֪ˡҲֻ֪ɱּϵǵߵģֻ͸ǮʱϵҡǿǺˡ
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ʷʿȵʵ֪˸񣿡־˵ͷҵȻ֪ʬȻҲлǵġбҪĻҲλ壬Լȥ¡
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ʱǿ˽һ־ӣһǿں§ס˵£סˡе㲻˼ЦЦ
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Ҷʷʿ˵ǲǿ԰˸ɾأʷʿ˵֮ǰҩ︨ƣҪܳʱ䡣ſԿֲ֪࣬ҩǲǺãӡ
̾˿Ǿ˵ûбİ취ඣʷʿ˵ŶҪûа취ǻôɫû취ֻܰ𣬲ٺˡʷʿ˵˵е㲻ƽ
ҵ˵ͷҲ֪ƽûбİ취ڷɱˣұֹǡʷʿ̾˿˵ʵҶ˸ѵĲо˺ܳʱ䣬ҲеԼĵطʵֵģҿ˵ǶĴʦоô߶˸ѵĳ˸ôߡǾͺɾһ
Ȼ̫ףҲʷʿ˵е㿿סʵĿȫɾԶᱻѣ
ʷʿ˵⡣Ҳұ֤߻᲻ḴΪпܱĳһ黽ѣûиʹùڹغһȻһࡣ
Ҳ˵ǰô˵ҲһҲӦõõвſ԰ɣ
ҿ˿ˣа˶ɵķ紵ͷԡ֪Σԡ˵ɡʷʿķ˸񳹵״ߡȻҴعߡһ⣬ҲԶԸ
ʷʿ˵ͷҲʧһð취һԡ
˵ʷʿʼԸ־ߣ˺һ־ű۾˺־ͷϵķ䣬־Ƶתҿ־񣬾֪һʼǸ־ˡ
ְѸ־ϵǸҲõˡ־վǿһѪݸ־Ժʷʿ˳ȥ
־ȹѪҲ˲١ǿҲ˳ȥҶԸ־˵һعô־˿ңνһﶼһȻҵңҾͺȥֺηܸܲҵ׳ʲô飿
Ұ򵥵˵һ飬־һĲţǿ˵ϣˡҿ˸־̬˿վ˵Űɣ֮һع־˵ͷ
ߵǰҪ򿪷šͻȻһӿҺ޷ֽûüӦͱǹƷڵءͷһײϡ
ֻеһѣΣеĹһӶܵԴϡȻʹȴǱ̨ϵĿ
һЦһݺݵ˵ҡвɣҪҸе󱳱ʲôץסˡұ߸ߵľ
ҵֽȴ֪ΪʲôҲˡ
УҲвֽ


һٰʮ ͷ
ҸеԼ˳ȥݺݵˤڴϡҺҲ߲ϽáͨǿŴŵ֮Ҿͻ赹ˡ
֪೤ʱ䣬˹ֻ͸־ţ˵Ĵ쳣ļҡǿıӺͿжѪð־һ첲Ҳˡ
Ŷ˶Լûʲô飬ղֻѪסˡֽŶԻˡó䣬׼־ĺ󱳶˹ȥ
Ǹ־ı۾һ㿪ˡ͵תһڷ˹ҴӵһСβ˹ĸ־ȥ
һŽʵʵ˸־ϡ־˳ȥҲ˳ȥҸеһ顣ǿе㻹ðɣ
ҴĽеû£÷һһӦ·䡣ǿڵϵķ䡣ȥ־Ҳһ壬ȥҺŷ˳ȥ־ײȥ
һʱӰɳײһƺߣ־һֱֻ۶ˣվһġǿּۿ죬˵ڵϵķ䣬žһ˸־Դϡ
ͬʱһ䵽˵ϡҺǿһҿ˿ǿô
ǿҡҡͷûʲô顣ҿǿͣ˵ֲģΪϵĶأղҺ赹ˣ֪Ǵ˶೤ʱ䣿ǿ˵Ҳû೤ʱ䣬Ҳӡ
ҵ˵ͷһ赹ʱ䲢㳤ǿָָ־˵һѶԸ֪Ϊʲôôҡҡͷ˰ɣôղһΪʷʿİǸ˸סˡû뵽Ǽһ͵Ϯҡ
ǿЦЦʷʿҲװʷʿˣʵǿأǿ˵Ӧ赹أղ߿˷ţһֳֺڵ˳Ǿεˡ
һǻ죬ȥǰɣͨˣʬ絽˿ɲð졣ǿָָϵĸ־ûнɡ
Һǿߵ˸־ߣ־泯ͷҵķ䡣лк⻺šҿ˿ǿֻܡһɱơǿһ͸ˡνħ񾡡һﲻˡ
Ҷ壬뿴־ͻȻ־ͷϵķĸ־͵۾Ҵһãȥ־ϵĸ첲һ壬ҷֻֻһץһץġ
һֻ֣ͻȻ쳤ǿץȥǿƳӡнеӡ־ֱǿӡƿˡɳԶ
ߣڿгˡҫʡֵֻȥֱֻҴӰлȥʱ־Ҳ񵯻һֱ򴰻Ǳײ˹ȥ
һܡǿһе־ǰȥǸ־졣ǿ˿ա־ײ˴ǴǱ߽һ־˻
˵˷Ӳȥǿܵ˴ǰеϵķôãǼһͷϵľͲáһüͷһ־ȥ˵һҲҲʲôķ
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־һӶһֻ첲һ͵ʹȻ֮ǰһһſˡ¶ƤһѪܣһ򾣬ʸϣ״̬Ϊֲ
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Ȼ֪ڿ֡Ҷ˵ƳһְԡеġҫʡҲšԡ־ȥײ˸־ϣֻڸ־ϵһ¾ʧˡҵġҫʡһ̥ϣҲ˻˼֣ҫʡȻ˹
һ֣סˡҫʡǿǱߵҲɱˣݺݵ˸־ϡҲһ̥ϣһӾ͵ˣҵǿԼ
ҺǿŪæҡǸ־һΣӰſϯֹǣֱײԭٶȾͿ죬ֺһ̥ײϣҸеĹͷλˣۡҲ־ǽϡˤ˸߻ء
ǿǽ϶˵ûСͷСæе鷳Ҳѵҧ˵˭ҲﲻˣԼɡ
ҵĻû䣬־ֺһһײ˹߶ûüһֱײ˳ȥһˤǽϡһѪ˳ǿǱҲһҽСǿеˣˤȥˡ¬취
Ҳˤ߻أ˵ֻáͨǿ˵ô룬ˤˡһСռӲȥҲӲ·ꡣ˭Ӳ˭ˡ
ǿ˵㿴ǼһȥǱߣǱ߻ʲô䣿̻⣬Ǳʵһӡ䡱֮ǰҲûùֻͻ滭ġ
뵽ǿվָմ³Ѫǽϻһӡ䡱
ȻǸתʱֻܵĲײһ磬ÿǿķȥҴеǿǿײڿնһߵǽȥǿǽ˼£䵽ҵߡҸϽߵǽֻ˼ӡ䡱
ǿؿڣʵôΪʲôνʬķãЩιķã
ҿҳײĸ־˵һйͷǹʬСԹΪǹǽιİ취˵
ǿ˵һ治֪ʲôִ͸ô죿˵𼱣ǻзǿ۾һȣóˡշħơ
ǡշħơǿһӱǿͷŴŷתĸ־ȥ
ֻǿб˻ǡսħơȴ˸־ϡ־ĺƤһ©
һҲժ˽зֱֶ־ȥһ⣬һӶ˸־壬־ԭʹ壬һйƤˡ
ˣһɶζ
ҸϽһСְԡ־ȥǿҲƳһ⸿ӡӡͽ˹֣һ˸־ϣ־ݺݵش˳ȥ


һٰʮ ͷ
Һǿһۣеɣϡǿһţϡһ˵˸־ߣץס˲ڸ־ϵġֽħơݺݵ水ȥ
־һͺ𣬺ǳ֮ʹࡣҲ˹ȥҵеͷһȻɻصҵУһ˾ץסŸ־ϵĹͷȥ
ҵĽϾҪ־ϵĹͷ˽⡣ǹͷͻȻλáƵ˸־ļϡӲס֣ûаѽ˸־ϡ
ҵͷϵĹͷȥǹͷȥȻʧڸ־ͷϡһУ־ŵһ˼ĵز͵ĴСԷһͷ­
һ־ĴҵͷƿǸ־ֺһסҵҸ˲ˡֻӭŸ־Ĵ졣ĸҲҴ˹
ҸϽֵֵǸ־ĿͻȻֳһǶһӰѸ־ĸˣĸҵϷɹ㿪ǰһǿšսħơ˷ɹĸҸһĸӸ־Ŀ˳
һͷȥſͷӸ־Ŀ˳ǿġսħơٴθϵݺݵͷȥȴ䲻־һǿ䡣ǿߵķһ˳ȥ
һС˫Ѹ־ƿ˸־ֱۡͬʱͷѳ˸־Ĵ졣ҵؿײ˹ֻеؿһƣ˳ȥˤ˵ϡ
һ˻壬Ȼؿںƣ治Ǻʹֹô¡һ㶼ۡ
ǿ磬Һʹһ㡣ҪѹҸϽǿ
Ǳߴ˹ͷЦҺǿͷǱ߿ȥͷ־ļͷ־Ų˼Ĵ죬͹ͷһǡ
Һǿһۣҵ˵ڲðˡҪԸǿһ־ûйͷϣͺöԸˣһšʬͿԸ㶨רĶԸͷɡ
־ǱƽͷЦҺ͸־һһ־ΧȥͷӸ־ļһ˹һ˹־Ҳǿ˹ȥ
ҺǿһۣһλӰҶ㿪⣬˸־ǰǿ㿪˸־˹ͷĺ棬һеġսħơݺݵͷĺȥ
мšʬһ˸־ĶͷһŰѸ־˳ȥ־ǽߣٶˡ
Ǳ߹ͷ͵תǿ̡ź̵ͷȥ̻ǿȥǿһȥ͵رˣһһҺǿ˹
֮ǰĹͷҲ̣ȴû˭ġҡͷβģʮ㡣һ֣ҫʡУһ֣ҫʡϳȥǡҫʡں˺ڰһͷ
ǿźеͺһƿӡܵĿ۳һšײ˺ϡдһһɢǿ΢΢һЦЩɢḷ́ȻСǿȥ
ҡеġҫʡ˴ȦҵǰȦܲ͸磬ܷɹǺԭƲģҵġҫʡĴȦɹͷʼ飬ȦѺһһĳԵˡЩ̣ɹ˴Ȧֱһ
ǿôĺһʱûа취һ죬˽磬ЩССĺ档ЩССĺһɲǿǰһͷתҡ
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ҺһǾڲšҫʡǽϿʼ䡣һ߻һ߶ǿ˵ȶԸš
ǿȴĻشаһԣҿɶԸˡһͷһ֪ʲôʱ򣬸־վһ㶣Ÿ־ͷϵķ仹ڡͻȻղЩСɵ˸־ϡ
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֮ı䷽򣬼ֱָ´ȥҶֻһϽʢҵҲ׹ȥҰת壬䵽һߡ
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ҿЦһǰ볡Ҵ볡ҾȲùͷ˵
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ͷЦЦǶǱģȻϵܣҾҪҵҾҪʧһҪ˵ȥùɾ񹦡
׷ʵǲһţͷЦ²ܣҪˣҲŲǸܡ
ҴؽеңңסҵǰһΣͷѾСͷҲСɲڹͷ֮ϡ
̾˿ѽͷͷһССĶ˹ͷ˿䡣ߵ˸־ߡ
Ƶͷϵķ䡣ÿ뵽־Ȼ۾
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ԵЧʺܸߣ˵ڶһķɻʷʿ˯һ֮Ҳʲô鶼ûС
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Ұѵ϶ԣӦҼоʲôͻ֪ͨҡ
ʱ򣬷ɻճͿϹվǻ֡
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˵ͷ뿪ͺã̫ġҿ˿û˵ʲô§ʵǸ־˭أ
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һӣһ졣ͻȻһĸоҸϽվߵ˴ڣ濴˿һӰڴһȻûʲôԲʲô·
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ϹҡҡͷǲǸմӵóҾͲ֪ˡʦ˵ûʲô⡣Ҳ˿ƳĶммһʡƯġ
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ҶЩûʲôȤֻ֪᲻ʲôŽˡڿӦòЩġ


һٰʮ ΰ
⿴һۣϹ˵ôؼңʲô㲻ôùɣ
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ڿܣϹЦЦϰ壬ҲʶôԶ˱ˡЦЦ˵мӳġԱƽģʱɡǷʲôģϹ˵ʦ˵ġҿ˿Сһĸߴ󣬴ȸһĴϸ˵ԭǸжˡ
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ҺǿһۣƵ˱Ĳ档óֽһšٷҧָһѪ棬áζ𡱻ǵǵչˣһƮڰС
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üͷĻҺţȻչߣҲǹһͷ­ôᱳѹأ
ΰ΢Ц˵㲻ҵȷɳ֡е㲻֪ʮͷ­ÿһͷ­ġ֪Ҷʧ֮ʲôûˣͶ·ʱҾͳչߡһֱڡ
ҺܾȣѾôõչߣΰ˵ͷȻôнһУҲǸİӰɡЩġ
һ㣬ǸİҵȻ֪ˣκ񣬹ϯûһ͵ĹʦǸظŮˣû뵽ӾȻΰġ
ΰ˵ӲģĵĻҵŮôҲǲңǵŮʱҸټҵŮôӡҺֹôʱ䣬ҸûЩӶûйϵҸЩǮѾˡ֮Ժ̨ΪΪҡ
ҵ˵ͷ׷ʵղ˵ͷ֮أΰ˵ÿͷȻиеͣиԾͻиģԡ
һֱһ߲˵ǿ˵ˣ˼Щͷ׼Ҫ
ΰ˵ͷЩͷйϵһʮΪͷ­ֻһġħ󷨡ɵһ죬ͷ­ͻصͷϡ
ǿ׷ʵôĹͷأΰ̾˿ʮͻɡԹʯ뵽ĵУ֮ùĵڤԵ䡣ʱ򣬾ûʲôֹˡ


һٰʮ ΰľ
ΰⷬǾȲѣ֮ǰû˸˵Щڿһͳƺѳɶ֡һ̤ˡҪ̤磬ǿˡ
ʵлع𣿡
ΰ˵ͷȻԭȥͶ̥ģԭΪҿԷչظһǲܣһҪΪ¡
ҿ˿ΰ㲻Ϊ£ΰЦһ£ҡҡͷȻ룬֪ûһǩǸԼڵġǵڵʱһˡ
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ΰ˵ͷҸղ˵ˣÿһͷһͺһиԸҺҵĹͷԸԽԽĿںϵһңҾڶٰܵˡ
ҿǿһۣǿüͷţ÷۶˵˵ǲİáͨشô֪ٵġʡ
Ҷΰ˵ǹͷǹͷԭǹһ֡ʲô취أѵҪѵĿ
ΰƽ˵ȷа취취Ҳ򵥣ڹ֮ǰɹħ󷨡
һѾ֫Ĺؼߺšһħ󷨣Ĳİ취뵽ʵħ𣿡
ΰ˵ͷҺҵĹͷȷʵǵķǸϡҲò¶˵ֱӷԹҪѡһ
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ǿüͷûʲôġҰǿһۣͲ취֮ǰҺʹϲеİӡǴУҲ˵͹ͷعϵİӶѾˡ
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ҿǿıӰҡҡͷһǿ͸־̧һװ嵽Ӿرϡǿһֱֻڰװϵ˳ȷֱһ㡣
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һжŪˣֻʱ㡣
쳣ʣ¹Ժ棬ܿҿϵĹǻҹޣ治ǸζҲ㣬óֽһһգһϵڻعˣȻŵʱûܸջҰˡЩ꣬һܿˡϧûТ㣬ģһŪ֮žۣǺúõһɡ
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ϵҡҡͷļڵԱϸԣ֮Ҿʲô֪ˡһϵҲ֪顣
һʣϵߵϵĵĽеҲ̫ˡһܼǣҲ޺ˡ
˳ְ֣ãϵҲͻȻãããҲܣѾˡֻʸˡ
Ҷϵ˵ϵͷߵӣҲſ԰лʱ䲻̫кܶҪ㡣


һپʮ ռϵ
ϵҵ˵ͷ˵ɣ˵㵽оʲôǲǻоǸĹϵ˵ͷǰһӶ顣һֱûзоǸطֻǺźûʲôȥ
Ҽʵǲƾһڲͼأϵҡҡͷͼǽƾ󻭳ģƾŶһЩص鼮оģһİٶŵķֲͼͲͼ󻭳ͼ
ҵ˵ͷϵʵ㿴ͼˣǲʲô뷨ҡҡͷûпͼ֮ͼˡͼ֮ǰеĲͼˡֻûУҲûˡϵ΢΢һ¶ʹĵı顣
׷ʵϵоʲôرģΪʲô飿ϵãȻҡҡͷ֪ϵ֪˭ҪĶ׷ʵоʲôر֮
ϵ˵ûʲôǶĹҼ׷ʣôǸĹʲôһģϵһ˾˵Ǿͺܶˡ硭ҸϽϵϵѧ͵ˣһᵽԼרҵص飬һϲġ˵رʲôϵ˵ȻһĹ֮ʵʲôϵ˵ȷпһҹ飬ҲпǴ䱦е䱦
Ҷʲôҹ黹ǴûʲôҲϡ棬˵Ĺʲô䱦ҶġϵûʲôӦ˵оǸĹеĸֺر𡣲֪ΪʲôǸĹиȪۡһ˵Ĺ͸ˮġӲܿ޽һȪ֮ϡοһŮʵĹǾҿ֤ĹһһȪۣһֵȪۡ
˵ҿо֪һɫĺͰɫȪˮֵȪ۶Բԣϵһ㿴ҵоˣ˵ЦЦ
е㲻˼ʵҲûֻ̫࣬ҵΪʲôҪоԲſ˿
ϵ˵ȪۣһйŹֵģʱ޽ĹԱ㻻طǹѾʼܾˣͬʱ޽ļĹ̡طĻ֮ǰĹȫҪķϡûšǱĹԱٱʢŭǸɱˡ֮뵽˵ʱķʿԬԬôģû¼¼Ĺｨˣûлط
ʵǸȪ۵Ĺʲôطϵ˵˵ʵҲ֪Ӧײ㡣о˺ܾãҲоǸȪ۾ô¡
ҵ˵ͷϵо׵ģѧΧڵġ˵Ȫ۾ͺһһġ
뵽Ҷϵ˵ͼûиϵ˵ֻһֻ棬һڵСˣǾûˡ̾˿ǿô죿
ϵ˵֮ǰӲϴЩֲͼͲͼɾˡӲָ̻ĻӦÿó
ҵ˵ͷ뵽ˣЩɾģһ׵ɾҿǸӲ̲û𻵣֮ǰԼɾӦÿԻָǻϣġ
ϵ˵ͷ̾˿ϵһӻϡͿϡͿСӻȢôƯӣӶˣҲǰοˡҶԲүүԲ̣Բ裬ҲԲ㡣ϧҶˡҾ͡
ЦЦˣ˵ЩˡһжԵ˼ҵͶ̥һҴʦġʱҲˣ룬ûʲôҪ˵ġ
ϵһ˵Ҳûʲô˵ģЩǮģڵӺҲȱǮ˵ЩǮѾˣѾյˡϵ˵ͷ˵оЩоϣԽңȵһ쿪Ĺʱ򣬻õšȻҲܿĹĿźһǾ˵öԣûʱ򣬻Ǳ򿪵ĺáǶ˵ˣϵǸð˲õ飬ϵϣһֱˣ˼ǲɣӣԼذɡ
ϵ˵ʱʱҲˡϵӰʼòˡ֪ϵʱ뿪ϵи޵˵úչ¬ǵĺӡҲᱣǵġ
ϵһӲˡͻȻеģѹһб˺ѵĸоҹ£ҵߣҲĬĬᡣ
һֱ˺ܾãҲֹסᡣҲһЩйһ£о˺ܶࡣİҷһ߶˵Ϲõ𣿡
ЦЦˣöˡϵҲǽˣҲ֪ôˡȥϢɡҲˡ
˵ͷҽ˱
ú磬ܸ˵ӡһϾڻ·úŸ衣ڴʵô£һϾͺֻСһզզġһžӣһ˵ֿԼǣֵġ
´һڣ˵ԭϲ֣Ǻǡǽͺúһ¡ϴһ£¥ǿѾڳˡ
ЦŶǿ˵ԶˡǲӦûһ·ǿŶ˵һƤңô
ߵǿߣ˵ѽ̫֡һ·ŮҲһذҲᾫһ𣡶ԼҲһذ
ǿǰӹ˳̽ݹһ࣬˵㿴رˣԼ飬㻹ôܡǵġ
ǿ˵ͷ˵ĶԣȻٷ磬ǻҪһս¡ȥǵҰӸǿһſ˵ŪףʡǮǿӹһ̵˳ȥ
ǿǱӰЦЦһˡԿɶǶĵġЦЦ˼ǲôĦģѿɶõһУҪ´ء֮ŻĶ
üͷǲһûδҵ˵ͷҲɣߣԿɶǲе㡭
ЦЦɶҲǷˡڸһԼģ㲻£ǿǲƭģСӵ飬ЩСԼɡֻˣùˡ˵ͷ緹ˡ
Ҷһߵĳ̽㣬ֽ͸־˵һҶȥȥũ֣졣־˵ҲȥҿҡҰ˸־һۣٷϻȥ־ֻõ˵ͷðɣ
ֽͳܸ̽ˣܵȥߴ衣Ƭ̣Ҷ·˿С
ʱǿҲܻˣһɫ˶װ˵ôô
ҵ˵ͷã֮ǰʮꡣǿһۡ˵ܲлӣͿɶʺϡǿЦˡ


һپʮ ũּ
ſڴһͣ⡣ϹЦĳǰҺӭ˳ȥ
Ҷ˵ʦôôһ󳵣ЦЦ󣬴ҶһҲÿþˡ
ҶϹ˵ôûʲô˰ɣϹ˵ͷϰһ֣ȻûˡЦҡҡͷʵôʱ𣿡
Ϲ˵ϵҲҪġóʱûġϳɣ߰ɡ
Ƕ˳Ϳ˳ȥһ·ֽϴϺãֱֶǿũֶȥ
һϳͿҡֿҵһۣ㿴ʲôϺһСӻҲҴ绰˵ⲻˣ㻹˵ʲô
ʵôϵ̾˿ûˣҲеüĿˡҵļ򣺡ڰ˳ɡСӺҲǺܱˣ
ЦЦôҪȥ˵ϵҲĿ֡ҲϵˡһԸġǹȥˡ
Ͽ˿ңп˿ҡҡͷĵúܿģûʱǡǿеĲ˵һ߲֪ЩʲôžҪĿɶˡ
ӿũֶ֣ǿͿɶЦǺǵվڴſڡ˳ֶǿӭҰʶ˶һ顣һʱũ
һ𣬿羰㡣죬տܿĵĺûϹһ졣Һʹں죬ǿСӲ֪ܵȥˣȥҿɶˡ
ʦ˵ﲻԿһ¡һ͵Ķȼٴ塣ЦЦҪǺֶǿ˵£СӻַġʦЦЦ˵ûǸӲ̣Ѿջָˡ
۾һ̫ˡʦЦЦȥˣø㡣ҵ˵ͷ
ʱֶǿĽеԷˡҶԷɡ
ʵǷʢĲٷʢɽ亣ζӦоСΧһ𡣿ĵ˵ЦšͻȻǿſɶ֪˳һϲɫֽеҾһ
ж˵ңЦŶԴ˵λѣڿǿкϢҪˡתǿ
ǿͨ죬֪˵ʲôźáɶ󷽣վ˵԰кϢҪǾǡһе飬顣顣
ɶһ֣Ц˵ô졣ǵĺϢǽ쿪ʼʽŮѹϵǾһǿҲվɵɵЦš
ҡҡͷСοɲɶá㿴ӣȻҪߡ̫˰ɡȾưɣǿҲ˺һƿơ˵ã˵ɶҿԺȾƣҺʹҸɱ
˵һӣһƿơƹ˽ȥƽкáҲ˸߳һʱҶƱյ໥žơʲô£գ׵Ժ
һֱϣܶ˶ȶˡѵӦǸ־ɣΪֻûкȾơãȥˡŮһ˵ĻҿôģҲܿġǿͿɶҲ֪ܵȥˣСûԡ
ֻʣҺʹϣʦ˻ںȾƣ־ĬĬվҵȻҲǺҲֻ
Ͽ˿ң˵ǣ治֪˵ʲôҺ㣬㻹ͦסʦǵ鲻Ǻ˽⣬Ҳûʣ΢˵Ҳ¬ЩģӦȥЩӣǽ֪ˣҲܸ˵ġ
˵Ҳοһôĺѡǵ֧֣ʲôѶͦùȥ缸Ǹһ
ҶȹǰľƣŨϻҪ˵ʲôĴϵļ򣺡ֵܣֻ˵˵飬Ĳ˵
ϵ˵ͷã̸ֻ£˵ġʱֶǿҲæˣ˹һЦŶֶǿ˵СӲ㣬Ҫˡʦط˵ԸͶȼٴأ
Ȼҵʱ˵ֶǿֵͶˡʦ˵˵ǡҺʹһСǸۣ첻̸£Ⱦư
ʦҵļ򣺡¬ҺٺôľơǸˡˣ԰㸸оҷһݡǺҶĹ濴һ
Ц˵ϧȥڶˡڹûЩǲóĺáʦ˵ͷǰҶⷽͶĺ١ʵǵƷͶʹ˾Ѿ߱ˡ
һ㶣ǰɣǹ˾Ͷô󰡣׬𣿡ʦЦЦȻû⣬Ͷʹ˾Ѿǹ˾׬Ǯˡ˵֮ǰյЩƴĹŶʿļ۾ͿԴﵽʮڡаٷ֮Űٵ󡣡
ҵ˵ͷǰɣô׬˵ǵڤɣǿΥġ
ʦЦЦǾ죬ʦôΥءЩǴӹջġкϷǿԷġ
ϵ˵ͷǻһŵӡʦóֻͼƬϸĿ˿ЩĺƯ
ǰ漸ʣգĺƯʦ˵ЩйѾûˡѾʧˡЩǵʧ˿֮·ϵЩҵġǾƷ
˵ȥϳֵǼȻҲǺףҲĳдŷ磬һ֪ǼֵǵĶһֱҿһֵĶеֵĻƣе֣еͼڡ˵ʲôǶǽɫġŶضʵʵЩӡ
ҿе죬ʲôطĶ˵ָƬʵʦʲô
ʦʣƬ˵ҲûŪף֪ĲʣҲ֪;ûа취ۡ
ԭûʲôȤʦô˵Ҳ£˿˵ǰɣʦ㱾Ǹרңοǻôרҡɣ
ʦǲΪ⣺һɽһɽûĶҲⶫ󣬿оȴԽԽ졣˵ôأ
ʦһңô¬ⶫԴ˵ⶫҾûҺƵĶһʱ벻
ʦ˵Ҫú롣﹫˾һѡЦЦ𼱣𼱡롣ȱƣǰľƱûоˡվҺĸ־ùƿҵ˾ơ
ҿ˿־ͻȻЩʲôһԴеˡ


һپʮ 
ʦ¾Ʊң뵽ʲôˣָָƬ˵뵽ඣʦһ˾񣺡ôô뵽ˣҵ˵ͷߵĸ־˵־㿴
һֱǵ̸ţ޶Եĸ־˿ҡΪѵͷһۡһۣͱסˡʦŸ־˵λֵʶ
ЦЦǰǶƵǸʦ˵˵ɣˡⶼˣ㻹ڵθڡ
ЦЦ˵֮ǰĺĶһһѷڽϵʦüͷ˵˵Ǹ˵ӦòӦǸԿװɣ
־˵ȷʵͽǰòࡣǰԿҲûмҲӦӰɣ
ʦ̾˿Ǿҿ˰ҪǿԿǰͷͺˡҺٺٵЦЦǵǣԿǸ־ֵؿҡЦЦҺǿʦǸͷˡʦҪĻҼȥɡ
һӣ̫ˡû뵽Ȼҵˣ缸һҺȻɵ˱еľơ
¾ƱʵܸܲңǴõǸ
˵ҿ˵̫㲻šʦЦ鶼ģ˵ɣô᲻أ
ҰѵõǸ˵һ顣İϲ£͡ðβ˵˵ǴԽˡĴԽˣҵ˵ͷʦҡͷ˵е㲻š־վһ߶˵ôǰûģ
ЦЦҵȻûģ˵ʵҶҲܸȤֻǻûгʱоءʦٺٵЦԴԽе˼ˡҪǴԽ˺ܾǰҵһЩûǾͿõĶˡ
˵öġǸνĵЧӦû𣿼򵥶ûһ飬ÿһпܸıʷġ
ʦЦЦǲ٣ǴԵֵĽǶЩǱȻġҲЩʷȻȥӰġ
ҷ¾ƱϸʦĻԽԽеʵǲӦðǰûġѾûˡЩǱȻġʹĽЧӦҲԱ֤ȥ˵ǳ쫷ǱȻģǳ쫷ĵȴżȻģʹûһˣҲбʲôһпżȻģıȻԡҲ˵żΪǵĴԽǸżȻģҲʷҪǵһӰ죬ɾЩȻ
϶žƱһţʲôأҺͻعЦЦûʲôһйѧ⣬˵סһװʲôѧ⡣Ҹ㣬ʷֶżȻԵġ
ҿ˿ϣû뵽̽⡣ʦƺҲȤʵô˵أ
Ϻһھƣӵ˵ô˵ɣ˵˽Ӱйʷǻ𣿡
ʦüͷԸꡣ
˵˽ûаǸ֧СӵҪûҵ죬ǾͲһˡҪǲһɾͲɱ졣Ҫɱ죬ͷúúõģͲϡҪǲɽҲϱܷҪǲѷץסҲ͵һ֮˻ϣôпܾͲɹһͳйӲкأûأͲʲô纣ս˹йҲͳǿĹˡ
ǿŴϣһһЦ־ҲЦ˳ҡͷ˵ϰϡйִʷͱСӸˡҲٺٵЦţҲǶЦ𣿺ٺ٣ʦҲ˵ȻܿЦ߼Ϻû⡣˵Щ飬ûۻЦ󷽰ɣ
ôһ˲١Ҳˣֻصߣһһֱ˰ҹŸԻطϢˡ
˯ҵߣҲеܿģǾһһܲ顣
ڶ죬ҶˡũΧĵطɽˮ羰续û˵Һʦںߵڵ㡣ʦ˵͵øУǸõطԶɽˮʵĵĺܡ˵ʵ¬㿪
ЦЦõⶼˡزҲǲĿһƬҲǲģĽͨͦġһ׬ġ
ʦЦЦҲ˵⾭ˡʵһƬչɱȴǮˡʿÿ԰Ҳ
ЦЦǶˣʦ˵ͷ˺ֶǿ̸̸ΧĵƤǶˡ
Ϲ֪ʲôʱߣ˵ϰ壬ʲôأʲôأҿ˿Ϲ˵ʦ˵Ƭزչأ
ϹЦЦҲ뷨أʦءû뵽뵽һȥˡ
ǶЦЦʱǱ߽ЦŶ˵ŰɣҪȥˡ
뿪ʣҺʦˡҵʦ˵ʦǿӲĶָˡϵокܶķֲͼͲͼЩǹĹеԺϳһĹеȫͼҸԭһͼ
ʦ˿ңʲô˼ѵ뵽Ĺȥ˵ĹкЩŹ֣ҪȥϵԭͼѾʧˣǸõԭͼ˿ҲûġҲȥҲȥС˵Щ˿ܻȥĹ˵ܻܴ顣
ʦ˵ͷ˵㸴ԭû⣬ҪʲôСҪҪµĹȥǲǡʦ΢΢Цš
ҿ˿ʦҲȥʦ˵ͷʵϵҺһⷽЩ˶һЩ׷󣬾һֶ׷Ҫ顣Һ뿴ĹеĶһǸأһƷıءҪ˵뿴ǼٵġҪ㲻ĻҲ
ЦЦ⣬ҲҴӦ㡣ֻҪпܣһ㣬ʦҪ尡
ʦЦİɣһֱֶܺõģ㲻֪ҿǵģֱתҵģɷˡ
ЦЦãá
Թ˷һ󣬲˺ͣҶģҾһȥҼңһһ¡
ҿ˵ľǿص˼滹ϴĺ˷ܡ
޽һӵĲˣҶԵúܿġԹҶȥˡָֻ˰
ҺӾرߣϵ¡˭Ҳ˵ֹ
ܳʱ䣬ͻȻ˵Ϲǲǹ컹ҪԽȥץͷ
ҿ˿˵ͷ˵ȥ
Ҿһ㶡


һپʮ ͸
§ʵװģô뷨ЦЦһأһΪǵʱ䲻ˡڶأҺִԽһʲôĸоҲһ¡
ҿ˿ûа취ܾǱϾ飬Ҵĺ»˵Ǳ
Ҳ˵˵ģҿԼչԼҲ鷳ģֻǸջУҲӰҵж
֪ûа취ܾˣ˵ãҴ㡣ҪӦ¡Цðð˵˵һһҪҵġڶһ֣ô֡
˵ͷãҲЦЦϢɣҲˡЦЦСһıˡ
ڶһ磬һ𴲣־ˡ˴򿪷ʵôˣô磿־˵ʦ㡣һ㶣ЦЦʦżһᣬϾȥ
ҸϽϴһ£¥˿ʦںȲ衣ҳˣ˵ʵڲ˼ô㡣ʵǵȲˡż뿴˵Ǹ
ҲЦЦ˵֪żһ£ȥǿǿҲˣ˷ܾûһ߳ͣһߺŸ衣
ҡҡͷССĵ㣬һ߳Էһ߳裬ҭġǿһۣôģҸ㼵ʰҺһʲôüʵģҼɫѰũֵʱ򣬴ҶںȾƣ㶼֪ܵȥˣˣûǸƽĴͷʲôط
ǿң˵Ҫʲôû˵ֲһȾƣʲôֲ֪þȥɣʦҪ
ǿ˵ͷܻص˷䣬óǰص˿ŵʦǰ
ʦϸĿ˺һ˵ȷʵһһӦ׵ġһӦòƴģǺƵġ
ҵ˵ͷпܣʱġҿǸʾԲһ˱̸ֵӲľϵģҿǸƷǵͷ£ֻǷ˸ƣʸͷ²
ʦ˵ͷ˵ⶫȥǸôҵ˵㣺ҲãԵһҳԹ緹ͺȥʦ˼˵ǣ緹ˣȥɣ
Թ緹ҴǸʦ˹˾ļҡ֮һӱϣóǸ
Ȳ֪ŵһ֪ĲúܶࡣϾԺ񣬲Բһԣһ֪ƽǸǷƵġ
һ£оŸףǰԿһءȥͻ־Ÿ̲һĽСӣÿԶ׼ľŸסȥ΢һš֮ڶϵˣҲ˳Ҳ˵Կ״ǰ
ʦźܸˣ˵һԿס̫ˡ¬ֲ֪ѾˣһʮֽӽڵĲֵĲʣǸʱֽʲô
ҿʦ˵һְɣܿĵӣʦЦЦ㻹ףԿףôӦأǸסʲôأ
ʦһ˵ҲվԼ룬Կ׶Ӧѵסһأ
ʵôԿûʲô˵أʦҡҡͷûС˵ֻˡ
Һʦ˼ңİ칫ҡʦ˵Щ϶ָˣںһȡİͼԭе㲻˼ǰɣ㹤ôæҪ
ʦЦЦԼԸģ㲻õġϲģԽԽϵоǲ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ϵԸЩо׸ҡоˣҽйزŰɡʦ˵ͷû⣬İɡ
ʦɳͻ˼ҡһص˼ϵĹǻҿųֳˡҪϵͻϼҺһֻһǲ֪ҪҪ̡
һ·Ҷڷ£ûô˵˵ϹôˣΪϵѹ𣿡ҿ˿ҡҡͷǵǣֻҪҪ̡
ҡҡͷˣô˵Ҳǰ׷ͺڷˡ˼ܲ˵ġ˵ֲȥ˼ˡ
Ļ˵ͷƽ˲١
ʱҵĳ˴ͷСԡС˵Ϲ֪رϲСӡҰѳͣߵСӱϣöĺˮҵһδ㱾죬Ǻܶ鶼һˡ
ҿ˿ԶС棬ҿһһȥġ
վ˵߰ɣϹ
˳СӣŶߵСɽϿȥĹҿɽʱԶԶľͿĹڻζһ֣ӿٶȣǱϣҺ˳ŷվĹϵˣȻǶͶĹҲڿˡ
ƣ˹ˣϵ𣿡ҴӳϱϵĹǻҹޡԶ˵壬ô֪
֣ҵļ򣬲ĽӹǻҹޣԴ˵磬ˡҿŶѹǻҹ޷ŵ˿档Ͷһˡ
ҹϵذϣֽҲһߣ棬һֱ߶ʲôȻ˵ʲôϵкܶĻ˵
չֽվ塣ҰܸǣͶܸˡʵ壬ô֪ģ̾˿Ҳ֪Ҫǹġ
һ㶣̶֪ˣðɣ뿴̡
ҡҡͷ˵ˣǴŹȥȥʦɡҿ˿˵ͷ˵ҿ̣ȥСɡҵ˵ͷ
һССС򵥡У˽ȥЦЦȲ裡
Ķ档ҵһ裬ʵ㻹ðɣ̾˿˵ã㶼֪ˡڶ˵ôúúͲ˵أ
ЦЦǰЩעġЩӲġҲһСֻҪ͸ͺˡ
ҡҡͷʵҲôģЩʵԼϣһ͸Ƿ׵˵ϣȴ޷͸ˡҵĺʹʦܲܰң
һڲ裬˵ֻܿԼֻ͸ˣܷ¡
ҵ˵ͷҲһڲ裬̧ͷʵʦͼ˭ǲǸͲģǲɣ
ЦЦȲ費


һپʮ ּʦ
ҿ첻˵̲ס׷һ¡˵й¶ֺαһҪ֪һġЩ˴ţҲı䲻˽ֺαִš
˵Ҳ׷ȥˡݺܻ֮ȷе֪˭ʲôѾˡ
ҿ˿죬̾˿ѵͲܰס֪ûĺӺܿġ
Ҳ̾˿ʵĺģûӵģȡġҲݵˣ֮ԿЩʹߡ֪ҪԸĲһ߼꣬һ֯һ顣û뵽㾹ȻɹˡʵҾøˡȡһӣеļµ١㻹ôأ˵ʵġֻΪְɡ
޻˵վһǶ˵˵ûдڵһģӦ֪ˡҿЦһ£ʦͱЦˣô˵öԣڹ˵Լһءͨġ
Щˮ˵˵ģʹҲġĺ㡣û뵽İĶԽԽˡ
üͷôһֱûʲô𣿡˵ͷ˵ʵҶûʲôġЩ˵ʵԼҲûסû뵽ɳô졣ǳҵ֮⡣Žİ֣ǵҲû뵽ġҶ㣬ŶԣǡԽԽˡ
ҿĿ˵ǲӦ֪δ֪Ӧ÷ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷĻͲƴˡҲ֪ĽӲҪˡ縺ľԱĻҪءһţѾˡ
ҵ˵ͷѾ֪ˡΰ˵ˡҲǹһͷ쿴˿ң˵ˣǱĻҪЩҲ֪ˡ׼֮ô죿
ҡҡͷҲ֪еãȰѹͷ˵ˣǿһͷȻнЩͷǻаġ
˵ͷ˵ǺãиõġȻЩͷǵĹлкܶԹҪеЩõĶȥſԼȻĻ߻ħ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ҲҽˡǸ̺ġǶеܲˣҪȰѹɾˣзŻ㲻ûΣյġ
˵ͷ֪ͺáԺÿ춼ҪеԹЩõĶȥŪɾ֮ſһͷ
ҿſ죬ͻȻеһůҶԿ˵ǲӦýһʦأһʽİʦ񡣺ϵĶ̵ġ
Цͽйˣйһʦˡѵ㲻ǵˣйһ֮ҵͽˣҾͿԵ㻯ˡʲôʽʽĵںҲˡ
룬֮ǰȷʵйһʦֻĽһҹ˿ǰһͷһʦЦЦˣˡ
ְѹؼߺŵ˿졣˵Ҳһ£֪ǸгرġǸؼߺıǲŹġ͹ؼߺ֮һһսġ
üͷҲ֮սӦǻеġⳡսʲôʱءҪǲµûؼߺŷǳϣǵսҺ͹ս֮ھںҾϣȺ͹һ֮Ϳֶ֮һǿĵˡǸؼߺѾֽˡ
ЦҡҡͷԿ԰ﵽ㣬ԸԸ⡣ҵ˵ͷ˵еٵȶԣһҪҺǿ֮⡣ڰҡҿǴٰңֻΪ˰Լǡ
ЦЦʲôĿ顣ڰ㡣Ϊо㲻ǿϣ֮ǰԸôͿһ㡣
ҵ˵ͷҲġﲻǺЦ˵ȻԸ㣬ʲô⡣Ҫ֮Ҫһϲǵ׳ǸؼߺžġǸؼߺһǳԸļһǿıҲǺðŪڹ֮䣬ʵһ¡
ҵ˵ͷ˵öԣֻҪǲΪӪͲȦסҲˣֻҪǲϵ׳ֱֲӺ͹ؼߺžͲܰôԲԡ
ȴ˵ǶˣǶһ롣͵͹˹ˡȻһһֱ磬һֱźʮ޵սϵҰ쵽䡣ȻֱӵͨĹͷŪıΪ֪ؼߺŵֻûʱ䴦ѡҲĹϵҲ˵Ҳϣ͹ؼߺſսҲ֮
ЦЦǹϵе˼Ҳ˵ҶͶɵһ׳󡣶ڱȽǻġ
ͷ˵ԣһ˵Ĳԡǲ֪Ǻǿ󣬲Լıǿ󡣶ǿĺܡ
˵˼ǿĺܣ˵ҵȻᣬǻбĺܣҲܸǣҪʱǶֵġһУе˼ǵãḶ֮ġ
ڿĻе㲻̫ףѾϰˣ˼ҲҵġֻţȻԼ룬벻Ҳûа취
ʱ򣬴˵ˣ˵ţ˽ʩ˸ҵߡ
쿴˿ʵ㺦𣿡ҡҡͷҲ£ҸеҸܼ޸¬ıϹµһʲôµأ
˵ͷϹͨ͸ǵãĺӾǸ̥һģ㣬ɽº⡣ڹؼʱ̣ǣϹһûģõĵġ
˿ңϹԿʦ˵Ҫȥ𣿡ҡҡͷʦ˵ģţʦҴġ
ЦǵĺĺǵСһûг·˵
ԼĶӣ˵ϣ㿴ҿȴ룺СӣҾͿҵˣ
ϾͰ뷨γͷԣôҪĿĵģЩ顣


һپʮ ʦү
ȰĿǣͺԼĶŮſĲ裬˵ʦúȡ˵ⲻһϲͺá
ҶԿ˵ʦһе顣㡣˵ҪǸèҵ˵ͷǼһصĺܣҿԸܵҵΧײβҲûǣҲ
˵һжԵ֮ԵġҡҡͷûоȹèֻǾԺЦЦǰǵԵ֣һһЩйصξ
룬֮ǰȷʵΣμһƷһֻè֮ǰΪǸΣڿ˵ġ־òԾҿǿ顷ҸҵǰҲһֱڻһ¡
ҸҪڣҡҡͷǰ顣Ҳй¶Ҳش㡣Ժһ֪ġ
ҡҡͷˣ˵ˣʲô֪˵ǰʱˡ߰ɡȥɣڵأ
һ㶣˭ҡһû˵ѾڶҡͷˡЦЦվǸʦ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ҺС˳һ·ҿȥҶ˵㿴ˣô
˵ͷ̺ܺáҷ㲻٣ʵ̺˵ʲôЦЦҲû˵ʲôֻǺ죬飬һӣһӡ˵Ŷ֡
ҿϴһƯӡҼǵӺ̺ϲ
뵽̣̾˿ϧ̲ҿеˡҵͷ̺ܺõģܴ顣Ҳ㡣ҵ˵ͷ
ҵʱѾǰˡӿ˳⣬Һ߽˱ֽӭ˹ǻˣ̫ˣһͿ
ʵǿأֽҡҡͷ֪ԹͳȥˡҲûлҵ˵ͷʵ־أֽ˵Ժ㡣Ժ˵ء
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˹ȥ־ң˵ˡʦүܾˡʦүعͷ˿ңЦЦ
ʦүĶ棬ʵ˺ܾˣʦүЦЦҲǸáʵôǲʲô飿һǲġ
ʦүһߵĴݵЦݣʵϴ͸ôҵ˵ͷܺáҪĶʦү˵ͷϲͺáҿ˿ʦүҾе㲻˲Ķҿʲô»ֱ˵ɡ
ʦү˵ͷ˵ҲǹѰɣϴǸʱһûҵǲõأ
ҵĴԿٵתţ뵽Ҫװɵأ˵ʵ˵ʵ֮ǲҪǸӽأҾװɵ
ҿ˿ʦүʵ֪˵ʲôأʦүЦЦһӣװǸƤĺӡ
˵ӣҺû֪ǿûûڣ
仰ǰٵģΪȷʵ֪ǸСӷǿղġҲ˿ңЦЦǲһǿɣҲЦЦȻû⡣־һɡ־˳ȥ
ʦү˿ңʵ˵˵顣ҵ˵ͷ˺ˡҸջؼ˼Ұˡ
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ʦүüͷ΢˿ңô϶ҵ˵ͷҵɱ֣ȻܵˣҲҵһ֧Ʊ֧Ʊ̫̫Ǹ˾ġǻ˭أ
ʦү˵ͷɫã׼Ļ¿Խҡҿ԰㱨̫̫Ҳ֪ʲôģһƯƯġ
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ҴսʦүʵҴû顣֪ҪǮأʦүЦЦǹһְңѰˡҿ˿ʦүðɡ
ʦүЦЦкβɡһݶŮˣַӸ㶨ЦЦǺðͷˡʱ־Ų˹ǵĲ豭ֵϲˮվһߡ
ʦү˿ңп˿־ʹ˸ɫҶԸ־˵ȥȵǿ
־һͷתˡʦүŸ־Զ˲ʵһǲǾǻƽĹܼҸ־ôڻţôᵽҵģҰ˵һ顣ȥ˹ڹͷһ֡
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ǿ˵Ǹûã˹ؼߺ׳òأ˵Ҳã׶ʲôáǿ˵û⣬˵ô
ʱʦүڶ˵¬¬ôˣһعЦЦûʲôǿˡ
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ǿߵôߣʦү˵ðȻֵߡʦүżɽ˵ûڻƽĽ濴һֵСӡеĻܸܲأ
ǿ˵ͷһСӣҲЩֵ֡Ҫø㣬ҲûʲôáǿĿֱӣʦүҲһ㶡ǿıܽ˱
ʦүָǿıӰ˵ǿô£˷ܵӣЦЦùһ˰飬ӵˡʦүҡͷЦ


һپʮ 򲻴
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µĿ˿ǿˣСӴĸһֻ󹫼һôɧһ߳ȥһֱڣȥʲôأ
ǿٺٵЦʣȻǺͿɶһˡǺǡ̸ĺҸЦЦҸͷԡҼ˿ʦ˵Ǻ͹ͷһ顣ʦ˵ЩͷжԹǱÿſ԰嵱еԹżȥŪɾ֮ſԼġ
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Һǿ̱ϣ˵ô˰ɣǿٺٵЦţˬˬһûʲôоôоʲôԹأҲоѵʦûŪֻǸͲЩԹ
ʱ򣬸־˹˵ԷˣҺǿһۣǿ˵ˣҪһˡҹЦͷһμСӳԷ
ǿһֻܵԡЦҡҡͷ۾ʼ˹һֱ˹ʮ졣Ҳ۾е
Ҵǿ˹ͷð̣ǹؼʱ̡Ҳûдص˱С
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ܸȤ˵صǸҵȥ飬йǸ飬Ȼȥġ
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ҼǿԼĹǻǸоʲôҧҧѹǿȥҸкһĿӣҵĹ赲ǿ档
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֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҺһЩӦǸ־˵ʲôȴҸеҵؿںƣϰʲôܡҷͲҵĴԵġиڣһԹǲסˡ
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ҸϽȻĿԵһĹǹɾҲųҵࡣҸоǸѷԽԽܿƵĹԽԽҰѹӵǹɾУһҵࡣڰҵĶǾҵĹ忪ˡҸеԼһͷųϵҲָ˻ҵĴָˡ͵۾һ
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˵ķ־չأ˴ȥظ󣺡Сĵ㡣
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ҵ˵ͷǾԴЦű˱˵ҵĺţҪҺǿ군ˡ
˵û¾ͺˡǿôûѣĻû䡣ǿҲһ˿ǣֿ˿ܣ˵ö
һЦ˳û뵽Сӣѹĵһ䣬Ȼ


ڶ صĸʱ
ǿڷ̻ʣһ߿š˵ǿԡǿͷĴӦţǽʳٶûһЦЦ˵ţùСǲҭסġûɤӣžͷŽȥˡ
Цһ£˵ղŵô£̾˿ô£ǳԶ˲¡
ʱǿҲԱˣ˿Ӻ룬һһһָоܰͺ񱻹һڰãǳ¡
ҿ˿ǿǰ֪ʦ˵Ķ˰ɡ̰õġǿ˵ͷ֪ˣ˹º飬Ҫѭ򽥽߽ݾǲеġ
Ƕ˿˵ȻǶûˣʲôʱȥĸʱأ
ǿ˿ңʵôҪȥĸǸ𣿡ҵ˵ͷǰղҺġҲȥǸ͵ΰɡǿ˵ͷǸʱܷǻҪЩ׼׼ˣɲȥ㲻ã鷳ġ
룬ȷô¡صʱ򣬱ȻصʱڻΣաҵ˵ͷ˵û취ˣʱĶɡƱǮʲôġ
ǿЦЦô򵥡ǻҪϽţ챦飬ɾװҪᱳ챦䣬ÿ˵һ仰ҪһġͷҲУʱƽͷ
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ǿһҲ˼˵ĶˡСʱĸŷġܶ¶ǵõģѵСʱƱͽҺٺٵЦЦϡ㲻òϡ
죬һƺƽһֱڿйĸʱڵ飬й֪ʶʡĵʱ鷳Ϊȷʵ̫ࡣڷðöֻ࣬ҪǮлƽͿˣû˻㡣ĸʱھͲͬˡǸʱǵͷжġǮòã⡣ڼһ֪ͨʦҵһЩʱõңƱ·ְյʱģʽ˼űĽţ͹֤ǵݾͲᱻˡؿ¾㱸ˡ
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ǿԸԳĳ˷档ҿŵǿεҡҡͷ˴ϡ
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ǿһŴ˵棬Ǻ𺳵ġ̾˿˵Ͻϴһ£ȥ緹ɣǿٺٵЦЦ¾ˡ
ϴ£Ҳ˳ˣҲǣӵĻ˭˯أ
ǵЩеĶȥˣ˳ȥŽֵźͬ˽ȥһӪ͵ꡣ˽ȥЩÿһдᡣǿʳٻ¯ʲôܷٻȥһͻǮǿ˵Ǳˡá
Цҡҡͷ٣Ҳ١ϻˣȥֶļҿɡ


ڶһ Ī
һһֱŲߵ˺ͬ棬·֮ҿһ̫̫߹ȥʵ¶ġųѡȥȡʤһϴ裬ֶס
̫̫һۣǸԺأҿɼǲסЩ¼һͣǰôôɣ
ĶһۣЦЦҡҡͷȥ
һŶԺķӣȻԺӺͷӶ󣬻жԡڵĴŵģǸֶûڼҡ
ҿԺһСƬյأǶ㵽ſԺһǿͱͱ˵ֶʲôʱġ
˵Ӧ졣ǿüͷǲһɱأҡҡͷҲ֪ǿɴ۾ǰʲô֪ǻҪֶһģôץͷ
̾˿˵ԿүүİӵҴүүռ￴ġүүţΪүүűͷһӣһӣǸӲȷʱ䡣Ҳûа취ȿֶ˵ɣ
ǿһۣǲ˷Ѹ飬Ҳ֡˵ҲûʲôҼǵϹ˵ǸߵסﲻԶġһҿܲҵûǿ
ǿһףСӾүүЦЦ԰ʵģ»鷳ǻǿԼɡ
СһүүռǣӵһͷҲҵһŶԺķӡӦþүүռġǸԺ濴˿ԺûǴŵġҵ˵Ҽǵүүռ˵淢°顣
ǿ˵ֲ˵ѵҪȵ֮󣿡ȴҡҡͷҲһʬʱ䣬ʱ䡣㿴ǰ¹ꡣԺˮˮĵطȴûнӡǴ滮ϵģɼֻҪûгˡ
ǿЦЦ㿴רҵľǱҵǿҵľǱ˽ҵǿ㶼ûпЩЦű˱ȷʵǿʵǷӵźҲǴ滮ϵġôأ
ǿԴһ£ɵɵ黹ʣɱ˵ֲǣҪţǿͷЦЦʵ̽ٳ˵Ӧô죿
ұ۾չԼĹŷҿԸܵĿһˣǸûһϢӦǸġ
ҵ˵Ų¶ˣǸǸġǿüͷоˣҵ˵ͷǽȥɡ
ԺӣǰŹȻǴ滮ŵġͳ˴͸ҵġЫ֮צĲĲš
һ򿪣һҶ˵ţȥˡ͡ͷŰɡ˵ͷ
Һǿ߽˷䣬ȻĿһˣһˣҶǿ˵˵ˣһǱġǿ˵ͷôֶпһˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ʦ˵ҲǵӰҲǱȻġҲ˵ǽһҪץͷǿһԭСӴⰡãҲʡһЩۡ
˳˷ӣְѲָˣһԺӡ˿ûǳӻص˽ϡǿ˵Ӳаķ궼ûУǵԭǱ߿ɣҲкõĹӡ
ҿ˿ǿСӲ˵߰ɣҲûʲôȥɣЦҡҡͷ߰ɣ
ǳˮͬһֱߵǱߵ˽ֵ֡ȻʱڵĲ࣬ƽǸҲûʱڿĹʣҲһٻꡣԭžֵǸҲһӪҶǿ˵ôӹ˰ɣǿЦ˵ãã룬Ķһʱóԣ߲ûũҩҲûʲô⾫Ҳûеع͡
ҵ˵ͷҲԣ߰ɣ
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ֱһǲףΪʲôЩҪץǣΪʲôҪǹ


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С˵ȥҸֵȻõ꣬ԼҸطʲô֪ͨҡ
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˵ֶһӣվŭ˳ȥ֪һȥǿˡ
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ҽʵΪʲôǿ˵Ϊ档ҲԷˡ
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ҵ˵ͷȥ濴ǵĿطֲ·ߣһô·ϸһˡ
ҰңЩСҵ࣬ûҵȻô߰Ķ֪Ҫôء
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˵ж˿ţϸ˵ſ¥ſҲǸԺӡſڻԼжʮˣһ¥Ĵ󷿼棬ϢҡܾǣȻ鷳ˡ
˵Ҹֵſ˵ٰǴ򿪷šˡϸ˵ͷʧˡ
ʱſڴԿ׵űˣžװˣգգ۾֪Ǿϸġվһ˸ҴҶ˵ȥǿ
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һǴҶ˵ǰ棬¥ſڵˡ¥ȥչ¥ݣǴãڴſڡ
󲽵˹ȥҶڴһ߹ȥ


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ſڵվڵĿ˴Դ˵ôˣ濴ţ
ЦЦȴ˵ȥһֱߵ˵ǰ˸֣ҪʡͻȻ֣һǹһ˵ͷϡһ󾪣ҪУһӴͷϴһ£˵ڵϻ˹ǿϽһϵһߵ¥һװСõϵǹѹñվǵλϡ
ʱͻȻ˵ǿԺӵһðŨ̡Ҷǿ˵ϸĲôðˡǿٺٵЦЦҪ˵˴Ǳ˹ǽе㣬ŻˡȥȻ𡣡˵ž˹ȥ
Ӧһǵĺ棬ûиŻĵطܣ˴ſڡſҲҲðܹȥ˵ôˣǰĴеǿȥȻȥΡæŻĵطȥ
ҺǿԴ˵ɣʱ䳤˻ġ˵ӵǹֶȥ
ѾʼˡϦڽֵϡǶȺٵܽˮͬһεĽҽеϸϸûиϸҶˡ
ЦЦúãܺáڿҳɡϸ˵ãţǰ治ԶĵطҲģһȥɣϸ˵Ϻ˵Ǹ̫̫ĲַУǲȥһ°ɡֻõ˵ͷ
ʱҶһ˹һ֪ǸҸϽ˳ȥңһӱסҡҵ˵Ϲû°ɣҡҡͷû°ɣҲҡҡͷ
ǿһ˵ǰɣֿС죬ڰɡҵǿһۣϻزġ໥һ£Ǻ
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˳ȥžϸǶֶһϸ˵ֶؼˣֻ·ϴġڵ˵ӡ
üͷˣڵ˭ǿ˵ڵأһǺ·ڵȵҲҪɱˡҵ˵ͷǿ˵еġԾϸ˵ӣϽ档
ʱһֽ˻ǿһʵŪʲôóԵģ˵ûʲôöֻŪ˼ͷǿеʧҡҡͷˣˡ
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ǿһֲǲ֪вʲôǲףΪʲôЩ˲ԼҪ
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ǽҹɫڻֶסԺӣһֱԺſڣְ״򿪡͵͵ǱԺӵС
һΰȫĵطٺ˴棬͸ķ϶濴ȥ


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ǿϽȽеһֻϣһֻóˡսħơӭһΣúܴһ˹ͷĿС
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һеġҫʡͷȥǹͷЦЦһ˦ͷȻѡͷ˦˳ݺݵҡ⧲͡ͷײһһѱסͷе죡
ͷ˿ڡڿ˳˺Զͣסҷ¡ͷ˵һɿڵʱ򣬾Ҫɿڡ
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һӰȥǹͷһǸŮ˵ˡһߵҲһһʱ䲻֪ôźáһȭͷȥ
ͷһŴǸŮҧȥǼͷԵԼģҲûˡȻҲ֪ΪʲôͷһҪԵԼǳ滹Ǻܿµġ
ǹͷͻûҧϣһ֪ŮϵķáͷһֵٴǸŮȥʱҲϵˡ
ǿ˵ӶŽħǹͷݺݵĴȥеġҫʡҲͷ۾


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ǶһΧ˹ȥǸСͷȥãСͷȻȡеԽԽˡСͷ˻˻ðŰ̡
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˵ˡһҡ˵ҳȥԡǿһ˾񣺡ððЦЦ˳ȥ
þϸŷ磬áͷһȥˡȻԽԽңһʱУԺҲը˹Ǻ񶼳ˣ໥ĴšҺǿڲֿϸšҶܿĵӣ˵ֶ顣񶼺ܿġ
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ͨǿ˵أǿЦЦϻǱһˡû˼ץûµģСߣһϵˡ


ڶ ѻع
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Щ˴žװˣΧм䡣кü˶ˣвֵġҿһߵһСͬ棬¶ˡͷԴһȻһ·ء
Ҳе㷸ȥЩһһῪǹġǲ˵˵Ҳõġֻš
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ѭһ仰ľȻүүԭүүҲȺУҲүү㲻Щһ˵ΧˣҲڤڤеһЩүүǡһѵãǿеȥƺǧǿǹ
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ߣһס֪ңҾߡʱҷүүҲߡЩˡһүү˵һߣ
үүһ㶣˵˭ʶ𣿡ҡҡͷһʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ȼˣţʲô˵ϹҪҪˣôأ
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ҲֵĿǡǿ˲ˣԱ㶵ĿǡǿԷԱ˵ʲôأûǮ𣿡ԱٺٵЦôأţϵ
ǿЦЦӴǸϷʵǶжױˡϲ˰ǿô˵Ҳˡٶǿˡ


ڶ ԭͼ
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绰ʦģһܵϢϵͼֽѾָˡҺܸˣʦ˵ԾͻͼҵĵԵС
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ҿ˺ܾãĹһҵһͿ˺ɫĵطһ鲻Ǻܴ󣬿ǲ֪ΪʲôͿˡҸϽʦ˸绰
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ðɣ˽ĹˣҲԡ׼ɡ
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ЦЦֺ˵ŮʲôϵɫĺŮйϵ룬ŵʱ޽ģô᲻ءĹ컹УԬ֣ʱʿ˵˵ʱǰ֮塣ڿѾˡĹкܶϵӸ֤ΨһǷȱһ档
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˿ңҲῴˮЦЦʦҵģƽʱòϡЩ;е˼ˡĹĸֱĸֵ֡һһĸ֣Ϊһ塣ǰĸ֡
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ЦЦ˵Էɣ˷һ£ҪĻصžץһͷǿ˵ͷҲãȥأǸûʲôΣա
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룺ϰɣߡǿ˵ͷǺðɣҪȥˡһġҿǿ˵ȥɣܺϵȥɡǿһڣıˡ
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ְšͷҩԡͷ˵ǿȥץͷͱȥˣڼұţ𣿡ͷվСһĽ˵Ҳȥ
ͷԴ㿴ҲûáξͱȥˡҺǿԸ㶨ġ˵ȥ㲻Ҳİԣɡ
ͷһſ˵ϣ̧ͷͰ͵ĿҡЦЦĴͷסúñҪġ
ͷ˵ͷġͷ˵߰ɣȥ̫ͷŻλεվһ˳ȥ
Һ͡ͷϣůů⡣ʱ־ţϹ˽ԶԶĿϹվôˣ
Ϲû˵Ӻ˹СҽģġЦЦǰɡ㲻æ𣿡
ϹЦ˵æأңҪȥֵġҿ˿ЦЦ˵ԼڼɣҺҪȥˡ
˳ȥҾúǺе˼


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һУԾϸ˵ǶǿҵǱ߲󡣡ϸ˵ͷҷһֱɵǸ԰ӵ档¿˿ǸԺķġʺŪ󡱡
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ڵϷһ£ŷԼȻһƬˮУˮк񿪹һðݡҸеԼһ䣬һȵġܵĺܡ
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ҺƣǺӰȥˣһĴĿţһóˡҫʡǿһ˦סǿˡҵġҫʡһӱסˡһѡҫʡͻȻ֡ҫʡһӱˡѸٵ
авáǿûоȳǸһŪˡҸϽͳһŷֽҧָڷֽϻһһˡҫʡϡ
סҫʡĺһϷȥһˮǼһҪܣһӶеġҫʡϷȥĺӰȥ
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ǺӰһֻ֣һץסңҪȥҸϽת޷ֻ֡
ҸϽڳһֻ֣һó˽ݺݵִֻȥ


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ӰɵĴֲܡĽ⣬ڴγһ󶴡ҵҲһɡһֻһֱ˺ӰصС
ڿǿҸϽְѡҫʡ˦ǿһסǿֱۣҰǿ˳ִһšǿ󣬷ֹǸӰ
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ҿظܵźӰзţǱҵεĿסһʱ޷ѳġôոǸ⡣ȻʼһҪеĶбİ취
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Ҷǿ˵ǼһҪߣڻϾͻǿ˵ҿˣȶţ취
˵ŷ𣬰任ӡне١ߡӡСǰУףľŸ֣ӦžŸӡһȫ˳һʱӰÿӡһɰ̣һɫľҪϷɳĺ˹ȥ
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üͷаҳˡ󡱾͸סǸӰСæҲûаջӮҪװ״С˵ŰɣԼ취
ϸ˵ȻֱӰ㣬֪һԲǹǸ˵Ҳ֪һﵽʲôЩʲôأ
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ǿ˵ͷѷֽ˶ͷϡ߽߳ۡС
ڵϣеϢǿһȦҽеûаʲôûСû۾˵ٺúңӦеġǿһ˵ûаʲôûС
ͻȻоԾôûйͷһ۾Ķǿ˵Ǽһﲢûб𡣡
ǿһ֮󣬽һأ


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ϸҡҡͷǸСԭסֻһ˵ҲĢֻԴġ


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ǿ˿еġ롱ЦЦû뵽һﾹȻϴ󰡣óǸСƿӣ롱ȻԼصƿСջƿӶǿ˵ٺ٣û뵽ڡõĶȫá
ǿЦŵ˵ͷͻȻһԴԣͷأ


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ҲˣĢˡǹͷܵȥˣѵЩ롱Եˣ
Ҷǿ˵ǲǱЩһԵˣǿû˵ϸӿ˵ܣǲŲֶҿһˡ
̾˿׻ˣץҲץˡվǰڵĹҲû취
ǿҡҡͷץʲôͷڸϽҵطԷϢ˵ɡҵ˵ͷҺǿһɳԺӡ໥ţˮͬȥ
ƹ˳ߵˮͬʱѾˡҺǿæһҹʱѾˡҲǼȼաڿ˺ͬеһ̸ոմš
ҺǿϽ˽ȥһƨӱϡϰǸ꺺ӣЦЦ˵簡Ҫ԰ӻҪһǿ˵ͷ˵֪ȸʢɡǶˡ
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ϰ忴˿ǣǲ֪Ǻǣи¶ĳĺܴġΪһҹءЩһҹǵԶġ
ʱ򣬵ֽˡһʹֵ棬Ľеϰ壬ӡࡣִ˵ЦϰҲǺ죬˵ô쿴Ӯˡһ˴ЦǰӮ˲١
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ţǿͻȻһߣһ̡һթʬ˵ġǿһ̣߳һЦ˵˯̡̺㡣ҡҡͷ֪СһҪԶˣǿ˵ͷ̾ͳȥҪԵõġ
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ǿٺٵЦϰ壬ðϰ忴һˣ˵ʲôأ԰ӰǿЦЦ˵ˣҪٳԡҾ㣬ĸĳҲȥѡ
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ǿ˵Ը˹ͷҿ˿ǿϴڻУھ²аɣǿ˵һСҲˣǡٻ㲻Ǵ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷҲãֻܱˡҽһСŽһ£Һǿóһͷʼ̾Ȼ޾գ֮Һǿе棬һ
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һֱ˰ǿٺٵЦţ֪һҪԷȥˡǳԹŲųķȥΪĳǱߵһ档
컹ûк͸ѾһܷĵطǶһߣǱߵʱŹ˷װˡ
ǿң˶Ǯ˵ҵĶǾ귢Ǯи塢ɣ
ǿٺٵЦǽȥһɡ


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ҿǿӣҡҡͷ˵㣬һ˵ӣԶȣȥ׷ŮӣȻĲˡ
ǿһţӷ𣬾⴩ĲΪС
ЦЦġǿҲЦЦǮġ߰ɣ¬ϰ塣Ц߽˶ĳ
ҵſڣסǣǸʲôǿһӵǮ˻˵˵أ˼ǮЦˣ˸ơҺǿҡڵ˽ȥ
˵Ƕĳʵܼ򵥡ǰżŴӣһȦƾšֶǲ̫ģǿҲ̫סվ￴һóһٵķŵһطЩ˽š
Ƶ˿˿ǣЦЦʼơãȻֱ֪Ҷƣ˸ˣƵİǵǮǣֶôࡣǿЦЦ˵㿴ӮǮôס
ЦҡҡͷСèӡҲǿһ棬ϸĹ۲ܵ
ҲСʮ̨ӣаʮˣ̨塢ΧһС̨ӣڴ˿ˣһƣ֪淨ҲСһۡ
ҿǱߣվһ˵ߡŅ̀ͷ˿ңƲ嵽ϣֹһ䣺ģˣԩơ˵תˡ˿˿ʵ𣿡еãȻûÿɷһ˵Ŀɴ󰡣Ҫһ档
룬óһǮ˵𣿡໥һۣٺٵЦţˣˣҿǵӣ֪һ̰ģһغϻƭҵƬǮƭߣ֮Ҳбİ취ǲںҲںǮҲںʲôֶΡ
˵ǮǸ˿ʼơеƶܺáҸҪֻǮǼ˿˿ңжнɫҵν֪żӮǮֻڵŶγ
ʱǿЦĹˡźܶǮ˵ٺ٣ӮǧࡣǼ˿ǿǺĽɫҶǿ˵ҵģҿǿ֣һƲϽעļ˶Ц񿴵ϣ
Ƶһߣɿĳʱ߽ʱѾǵǵˣĳġƵĵƹУǶĹһűεǽ
壬һ̡֧ʱſһˡֱһ˹ǿǮһ˵СˣӮࡣ֪ǸǶγ쿴˺ֻܾ۾šһҲ֮ǰǸ񾭲ӡ
γûпǣֱ˶ǰóһӵǮŵϡҲ˵żˡǿҲ˶γͷ˿ҡҡҡͷû˵Ƶ˿ʼˡγƣֱӳȥٿǮ໥˿ûиǿҲӳǮȥˡ
ʱֻʣ˶ԶˡǿҲûпơֻһֱķǮγҲ˵۾ҲһֱķǮʱϵǮͳˡһߵ˿ֱʿˮһϸĹ۲Ŷγǻǿš
ֹһ˻˭ҲûпƣڲϵطǮϵǮѾСɽһˡʱĳ˶Ķ㣬ΧסǣĿһ
ʱ򣬶γѾûǮˡǿлкܶǮǿЦſŶγΪݹγûǮˣֻǿ˻ûпơϸؿŶγγ۾ͷϵֻĴĻţǮ߿տҲʲôҲûˡ
γԴĴ󺹡͵קԼ·һӵϡͺǿһЦ֪λ磬·ҪҸǮأе˶Цÿγĺһͷͼ
áͨǿ˵Сйͷˡǿ˵ô죿˵ŭЩ˾ˡץǿ˵ͷ
ǿŶγЦô㻹ûǮûǮ͹ҪǮˡ˵žҪǮγͺһԣ˵ŵסǿû䣬ǮܸˡǿЦЦǺðԼעǮɡ
ǶγѾûǮӲͦͦվǿЦλѣʲô˼νԸķ䣬Ȼı硣һʱΧŵҲ۷׷סҲǿ˵ģҲγֵģϾôǮƶûп
ǿһ㵽Ҫôγͨ죬ͷϵһһġҧгݵġðβŵеҺ֣˵Ų֪קһѵǿ˻ΡΧһӾʱ򣬿ĳ˹Զγ˵ѣɡӮô࣬ҲûɣγѪ۾˵
Ȼ߿߹ӵˣԶγ˵˾߰ɣ¡ǲ˵Ļû䣬γһ˴ȥ˻æһ㣬ӻ˵ʡһҽУһߡ
γһ֣Ⱥһըˡ˴Уˣһ˳˿ǰȥγ磬̽˵ĸУ˿ڣȥһʱĳһšҶȥ
Һǿǽվãһ߶Ŷγһ߶߰Ⱥγһ㣬˾ͿֻƬ̶ĳ˾ܹˣֻصѪ
ʱĶγѪ״ʹֲֻ۾ҲҪγѪǣ˹ǿЦЦ˵ˡ
γһеĵǿȥһšҫʡڶγһ㡣γеĵ˵ϡ͵ػͷңҽеû䣬û䣡˹
һƳһСְԡԴ˶γϡγҵġְԡСһӷ˳ȥǿһŵأǰȥһеȣкݺݵȥ
һеĶγֱˤȥγڵϹһȦһͷӶγϷ䵽˶γͷϡ
ǹͷؽеû䣬û䣡˵ſ˴죬γͷҧȥһ֪ͷҪԵһҪ˵еġҫʡֶһײ˹ͷͷһƫûҧγ
Ҽǰͷץȥͷһӵҧ˹󷭹ȥͷһֱ׷˹ͨǿ˵ѶγŪߣùͷǿ˶γѶγӵһӵ¡
һͷ׷⿴ǿѶγӵӵ¡һһǡβǹͷٵ˹һҵĽŴϮ͵һ㿪ҵĽš


ڶһʮ ʱ
ϱУһתһ߶ͷȥǹͷ͵һŴ죬һں
Щǹͷõ׼в㿪ǹͷһ֮ſڷȥ
ҵͺһһҪߡͷȥǿһҲӶȷ˹ǹͷܣٶʵ̫ˣǶǺ󷢣ʵ׷ϡۿŹͷɳ˴š
н鼱֮¡Ҵһߣ˾ܡûжƷҺǿͣſڡźڶ档ǿⰵ̾һˣûǿĻû˵ꡣֻһ˹
ֱײ˹һ߻ţû䣬û䡣һϲһȻöģȻΪҵһ仰ַ˻
ţǹͷֱͣײ˹ŻعϽһСඥͷȥһֻеַ飬ͷһֱͣҵĴҧǿʱѾϵˣһ쵲˹ͷǰ档ͷһҧǿϡǿһȣݺݵȥǹͷӲıǿҽ˵Сڵһ˳׺쳣͵ſǿҧȥ
ӴһʼͷӴҾ;òԾΪͷͶγһо񲡡ĴȫǲܲûʽûҧҿеģҶ졣Ȼ֮ǰĹͷҲǶѸ٣ͷĶǳģֲĿ졣
Һǿ򣬿ǸͷȴǺް취Ǹͷͺһ򣬵ȥġʱҧһڡȻûʲôˣǻǻǱǹͷҧ˺ü£ŪһѪ
ǿĽеô죬һһץסȥаҲ֪һʱҲûʲô취˵һһô죿ԭõĽҲûҪ˾Ͳˡ
ǿһ㶣ͣһ¡ֻһͣؿڱǹͷײһ¡ǿһƺߣ˵ϡһʵôǿһ˵㣬粻˵˵ʱ˵һ£Ȼôеġ
ʱͷֳǿһȴ˹ͷҽеǸˣǸˡûз䣬ŪɣȶԸһ˵ŴŵİͳһŶ˦ߡ
һ㶣û뵽һﾹȻ˽ֽסŶʵҵġǿһ߶ԸŹͷһ߽еҿɶԼᣬ˴ϣҪģ˸˵ˡҸϽóҫʡϵģϸĻЩ䡣һӷ˽⡣
ǿһЦһ֣ǹͷȥǹͷ죬һˣȻ˹ǿշȹס˽Ц˵һû㣬ɣ˵һֽڿж˻ͷȥ
ͷһ߻ȥ㿪ҸϽһСְԡԵס˹ͷ·û뵽ǹͷܲˣȻײȥֻͷײһƤǽһӱ˻ֻصӵ棬ǽһס˹ͷͷס˵ϡ
һס˹ͷ˹ȥǸͷȻУɹֽŷ˺ҧŽϽⱬǹͷ춼ɫҺ塣״ֲó˽ߵͷıϡǹͷ۾ңû䣬û䡣
˵ˣѾ䵽ˡǹͷңҲɫҺ壬֪ǾѪҲΪʲôͷô֡ôöģô䲻ʵӮôأǹͷңЦӮ˾ǺãҾϲӮҾҪӮǶҡ
ǿ˵ϻˣҿ˲ҲǸ񲡡ɡˡҵ˵ͷŽ͵Ĵȥǹͷڽвˡ˲СͷҶСͷõС
ǿһ˵߰ɡˡҲ˺񻹲١ҿ˿صǽ壬ֻһǲܴߡҶǿ˵㣬óƣǻȥ
ǿ˵ͷó˽ͽơ˶֮һǳһտĵط
һǿһƨ˵ϣ˵㿴𣿽˹ֵľ졣ǲһϹˡҵûҲҡҲǿߡǿọֻ́һһֻĵˡһڣҿ˿ܡͻȻе㲻Ծ
ǿҲڵĴĿţһ߿һ˵¬ûое㲻Ծҵ˵ͷ˵е㲻Ծﰡһͷ˿һƵĽ¹ɭɭġ
һվǸƽǿһ̣һüͷ˵ʲôطɭɭģҺеأҲһ̣¹ڡץץͷ˵ǡׯ
ǿһ۾ȵ˵ˣʱׯ˵Ǹׯûôᡭ˵ǿ˵ˣؿңǰɣǵĸʱˣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǿüͷʵôҿЦһ˼ղŷʱˡǶԲ𡣡
ǿ̾˿뵽ʲôˣҺٺٵĸЦһ֪ΪʲôͻȻˡǲֻصʱˣǿֿ˿ưܲĽ˵ˣҲãһԸǲҸطԵ㷹ҪʱʱһģڲϾšʮӰɣ
ҡҡͷǻ㡣һŵ𣬽ҹɫķȥ
ʱеĵƻˮͬ澹ȻһƹŵƣŻӡǿһҪܽȥȴһסˡ˵ȥеģǴⲻУҲûдԪʲôˡ
ǿЦЦûԪҴһҿǶãʹˡû뵽ϡ˿ˣȥ͵·˵ɡ
ֻСƣ·ʵе㲻еСҺǿ߽˾ƹݣ̨ϰ忴˿˵˼Ǵˡǿó˽˵ǳʲô˫ݵļǮϰӹЦ۾гһ죬ĽŻƣλˡ
ʱһӵĲ˰ӡǿһǴǼֲˣϰСľˡôҲһŽ˵ĳࡣ
һ߳һЩͷ˿ӣĺһЩơҶϰ˵ϰʮɣϰֵĿ˿ң˵ͷ˵Ǵػġ֪ЩӺͬʲô鷢𣿡
ϰҡҡͷûʲô鷢˼νˣĺ֡ҵĺܣҲûʲô˹ܡ
ҵ˵ͷ˿ҹɫʵϰ壬ɲסޣ


ڶһʮ 
ϰ忴˿ǣЦе˵УСŶԻƽеȥʰһϷ
ƴӦһˡҺǿֳһӣǿķ¿ӣԱˣϰ嵽衣
ϰ嵽һ衣ϵıǽ壬̲סһЦЦ˵һܳԵģ㶫ʲô𡣡ϰٺٵЦţ˵ˡ
Һǿ˺ԺԺķ仹ˮֻͬܽҪǰĽ־ǡ
Һǿڷİϣǿ˵Һ֣ΰΪʲôǵǸʱȥأüͷ˵ҿֻԭһĢһǶγΪʲôҪΰˡ
ǿһôʣˡȥ˷Ҳ㶨ˣˣˣóǸͷǼš
Ǹͷõ֮󣬻ûпϽ˳ݸǿǿͷ˿Сͷһ֡ǿ˵ŵĹͷʱɵÿŵ㡣ҿɲͷ
еƿ˿ǿǿЦͷ񾭲ǺҲɾ񲡡ЦЦҿھǸ񲡻ߡҪȥߣȥȥ
ǿֻߣҿɲܸɻȻҪҹġǮûˣʱ򲻻ӿˡ
ҡҡͷ֪ԡ߰ɣΡǿЦźȥʲôɿģԽһơӦú˰ɡ
һߣһ˵ÿͬǿΪáЩ˶˳̽׵ȽϺá
˵䣬Ѿſڡϰͻ׼šǣϰʵôλҪȥ𣿡ҵ˵ͷǰȥѡҵѾˮͬ档ȥȥͻء
ϰŰ壬˵λһû˰ɣҲʵôˣϰ˵˶ͲˣҪġһ㶣Ϊʲôϰͻƶһۣ֮ǿ˵ô£
ϰС˵ÿ˵ģλִ󷽣ǱˡҲǡֽʬʬǿеϰϽ˸Ķҵ˵ʲôСֵģǿ÷۶˵ǲǰЩʬ𣿡˵ҲһҲ©֮㡣
ϰС˵žͲôϳţûӵǰŴͣͿԷֹʬˡ
ҵ˵ͷʵϰ壬ļʬ𣿡ϰҡҡͷһ˻˵ҵûۼСӼġǶŻƣǸƵ˵ͷǰҼģЩʬ׵ġҼҵһͷţҧˡҪҲܵϹˡ
ţǿ˵ǵûҧ˰ϰҡҡͷû˵滹ʱд˵ǰıĴ󻧻ƽ𣬻ϰ嶼Щʬҧˡǿǧȷģֻǲ֪ĸˣЩʬˡⲻ죬ˮͬĸˣĶǺ֡ɶǽʬɵģŵųҲЩˣսʬλͲҪȥˡ
ǿЦŶӳҪҵ˾Ǿսʬĸ֡ϰ忴ǣʧ˵ģΪ¿ɿЦǿ˻Դ˵ȻЦˣ
áͨǿ˵Ҫʲô᲻̫ҡˡǿЦ˵ηηβģҲʹ졣οǰһգոʬʲôס
һ룬ҲԣҪҲϹˡҪҵչߣЦ˹ͷҪǿʬҲ˳ˣԾ󻼣ʱߣҲͼ򵥡
΢΢ĵ˵ͷϰϲסǣĶλˣǿ̫ˡûȥű棬Ǹߵ͵һ
ӱϣƼĵ˳ȥϰǵ˲ˮ
ʱһһװϻǹĵˣͲ󣬴Լʮ꣬ƤüżɱųǹӣҴҵ˽ϰһϽվĵӭȥų
ųһ˵˵ľˣϰ˵ͷų´ǣҺǿʱ̹ȻĺӡƬ֮ų˵֪λץסʬҪǮ
ǿ˿ң˵ħǸ飬ͺųһƽôǮĲȡ
ų۾ʵǲҪܶĹƷʦһ֪ų˲ٵƭӡЦЦ˵ų˵Щ鶼ӦģʲôҪʳ㶯÷ġֻҪǸ㣬ϳȥͿˡ
ųһ˿ǣֿ˿ϰ塣ϰϽóһԴ󣬵ݸǣ˵ҸλǮųһ˵ǿͶλˡҲԹۡҸʮŵ˺ʮѿǹЭǡ
ǿЦЦ˵ųǹԶԸˣֺαǡȥô˳˴ݾ֮⣬ûá㹻ʲôˡųʱе㲻˼ˣǶλʦðɣҡ
ǿһ֣˵ò˼ȥҲûãŪû֮ǣµǻᵢǵ¡˵أҪʵڹⲻȥ׼һõģǻԾˡ
ųЦЦ⵹ð졣˼ʬͻ˵֮ǰˮͬ滹ҪһˡǸ֡ųһ˵ѽĸˣļ棬Ҫһλʦܾܲ
ҡҡͷܣ⣬Ҳ˵͸ҲȲҲ֪ֻ֪ˮͬС˭ҲǶ֡ҲץǶ
ųĵ˵ͷʵλˣǳ֮ΪǶ˵ǽʬǲǶǽʬаųϸ˵ȷʵȷʲôҲǽʬҲǡʲôһ֣ҲһҪץ
ųվ˵ǾͶλˣĳ׼þƲ˵ȶλͬʱ֪ͨұջСӰλʩǵ˵ͷ˵ȸų
Һǿ߳˾ƹݣˮͬȥһ·һ˶ûУҲοԴҡڵߡ
һ߽ˮͬҾ͸еһĲԾһֵζ޵ڿƮš
ҳ˳ӣ˵ǣζе֡ǿû˵̧ͷա
ǿʲôأǿͷ˿ңָָ˵Ծʮ壬Բ֮ҹ


ڶһʮ ʬ
ҲеִԲбΧţ޵Щʡ
ҷȻе΢΢ĺɫҲһ˵ǿʦúÿɫˡǿҲеǲˡ
һǲףһֱȽеɣûʲôɣǿ˵ԼģҲ֪鷢ġ
ҡҡͷĲ֪Ҫʲô顣һľҪӺ֪ˣʲôҪ
ǿ˵ҲϿģһ˵ȷʵһֵ񣬴ӹҲֻйεļأҶרд־ֵҰʷС
üͷǶдЩʲôǿ˵дͽʬйءһгֺһѪɺӵġʵΪʲôأǿ˵˵Ǻһʬͻ֡ʬһȻѪɺӡ
ҿǿһ档˵˼нʬҿпǽʬǿ˵ͷ˰ɣ
ЦЦʲôµģǽʬҲûʲô˴һܡҲδͻ䣬˵˾ˣԱûʲôɣ
ǿҡҡͷ㲻ģһս׵ġҲǿЦġؿ»Ѱ졣
ʱѾߵˮͬĲ·ڣ˲·ǺͬεװǷģҪҲµûǸһ档ǸԺӣͲ˵ˡ
ͬһ£һƬţҹûеƹ⡣ҪߣͻȻϷ֮
ҺǿͬʱģһܵİӰ濴š
ô󣬴ŵĺɫյݶõģ硣ʱһӰݶһԾҺǿһװӰͺ͵ӰϵĽʬһģһġ
ǿáۡ˵Ǿǽʬ֪ǲǽʬ˵ֻһʬǽʬʲôǿҡҡͷһʬûƲʬҺһҲó
ǿ˵ˣŹȥҪʲôҺǿǽ˹ȥһСԺеСݵݶϣǸʬͣ档ţ彩ֱݶϡǿáۡ˵㿴һｩӲţһǽʬ
ҿ˿ǿô֪ǿû˵ǸʬݶһԾأϢ䵽ϣֻ첲ֱģָ˴ֽ濴ȥǶǽֱŤ
ǿ˵һ̽·ġǽʬһһţݶϢǽʬվݶϣһСͺһͷţڽСȻܵͳǴȥԶ
ǿ˵㿴˵İɣǼһһʵڽͬˡǿĻ䣬˺ܶҿԸоܶܶж˹
ʱܶŸɫεĽʬΧ£˸ķӵ档໥š¹ºһܡ͵͵һ£оŸʬáͨǿ˵ҵ죬оŸӶһ㰡ԸһѾǹǺˣҪԸŸ
ǿһǾŸʮһ㶣ǾŸǿ˵ûڵʲôҿһǸϴˡԾǡʬ¡
ʵʲôǡʬ¡ǿ˵ҲǴ˵ģ֮ǰһû뵽ڿףĺ񣬾Բ֮գŸʬ³ʬŸʬÿʬյű˵ǺĻᡣ
ԽԽ֣ǲİŸһ￴ѾˣΪʲô˵ڵ˭
ǿץץԴǰǡʬ¡ҲˡϾ͵ʱˣӦҲˡǲ֪ΪʲôҾǾڵˡ
ҿǿ˵Īġ㵽׶ɱ𲻶װˣղ˵ʲôʬʲôʬأ
ǿҪ˵ָŰ˵㿴Ǿʬ̧ͷۿһ㶡
ֻǾŸվڷϵĽʬͣÿʬĿжһͮͮӡǵĿʮڰСŸӺŸ谵ĵơڰзš
¹֮һ澰һʱǴҴĿתĿѵһ
ʱֵַˣǾŸʬȻʼתÿ˵صתš龰ǺÿҺǿûü档ǾŸʬһϷȥ͵ײһԭΪᶼײˣ뵽ǾŸʬײһһӺϳһӡ¹ɷǺÿ
һ㶣ʲô˼ǿüͷһ壺Ҫˡû䣬һӰһакÿ졣һһ׵ĸߴʬھŸʬм䣬ͷϾǸ޴ʬ
¹£ҿԿǸʬȻ֮ǰЩʬһ㶼һƤǰ𪣬üëֳִоⱬǽʬ
Ҷǿ˵һǽʬһҲ񰡣ǿһԲǽʬʬ߾ǡʬˡˡΪһﲻʬġ
ǿĻҵоȻȻ뵽˸־ǼһһҲʬǿ˵־Ľʬ
ĳͻȻһţһĺСһع̧ͷȥֻǸмĽʬ˴죬ġǸ޴ʬĿзȥǿ˵ãҪǳ˭ܶԸ˵žҪȥ
һסǿȥǿ˵Ϊʲô˵԰꣬ȥǾҲɱˡǾǽʬʬҲҪģϿԵġ
ǿһֻõ˵ͷҺһǸʬʱʬѾʬ̵˶СǿԿʬĶ淢˺⡣
ͬʱǾŸվڷϵĽʬһӻҷˡǸʬźһŨŨʬڵĵطҲŵһʬ
ǽʬ䵽˵ϡֱ߽˷Сֻǹ졣žûϢҺǿһطɵ˺󴰡濴ȥֻĽʬһһĴ󵶣һϵ˵ͷ­һߡǸ廹úõ
ҿȷ˾ǳлǹǹǹڻð̡ǿ˵ʲôͻȻֶĴ֪ʲôʱͱһҲ¶һֻ۾
áͨǿ˵洰ֻ۾ˡǿ˵ǻҪҪ֡˵׼֡
ʬЦЦ󲽵Ͻ׼ץһѷֽˡʬԺУҺǿһһ׼ʬһ͵Ϯ


ڶٶʮ սʬϣ
ȴͻȻߣһ͵͵ĲҽҸеһٵĶˡһǸʬڣԶ˸ղſֻ۾
бĶ֪ʲô·ҳǸŽʬġǰ⽩ʬϹͷĺӦǺѶԸˡҲ֦ȻǸ֪ʲôܵˣҲˡ
ǿҲ÷ʵô£˵ˣѾˡרĶԸʬˡǿ˵ͷ
ĽʬƺҲˣĴ˿ϵĳ鶯űӡҲûʲô֡һһ̬̬߳ûһ㽩Ӳ˼ͺһˣ͸ղ̵ʬ֮ǰ˵Ǵྶͥ
ҺǿܽšҶϢ˵Щʬ˵ζͺΪСҪǣͲˡ
ʱ򣬽ʬѾ߳˴ţһŲԺУԺ浽ʰʬһѾһţûʲôоǰšнӶĲ˺üšǺûʲôо
ǿáۡĶ˵ķôðǲӦöְ˵𼱵һ¡Ҳһ﹦һʱûо
ʱǽʬͻȻͣס˽ŲͷԼĽ¿˿Ľ½һʬһӱˤһߡҺٺһЦ㿴ҵķЧɣǿֹţǵģҲ֪ķô£ûζҪӳ١ҺٺٵЦЦٵù׼ϰɡ
ֻǽʬˤ˳ȥˤڵϡһմϵķ䣬ֱһˤ˹ȥ
ǿЦ˵˵ķ仹áÿˣϰɡ˵ţһеȣ˹ȥɷ˵͵ʬȥǽʬñϵʬȻӭǿȶһ죬ǿͽʬȥǿڵϴһǽʬϡʬֵ
ǿһͦվеһӲ򲻶Ǳ߽ʬƺҲ֪ʲô顣֮һƮ˰УҲԺˡ
һеġҫʡָеĽʬȥҫʡһӾ˽ʬϡ͵һϣѽʬǼһڰһҹߣݺݵǽʬ
ʬ͵תȻ˹һæУһС˫еĽʬȥʬֺֻҵֻ֣һҸеʬֻӲһӽʬҵϴ˹
ҸϽ˹ֿһʱȻԷĹǿ󣬿ҾһǿӦġǿһеȣʬȥ˵ҪѾˡǿѾ˽ʬ䡣Ҷֻһ죬žǿĲҽ
ǿ˳ȥڵһ·ŹһֱײԺӵϡҸϽáͨʵôǿ˵ô£һ˵ڶ͵Ը㣬ùɣ
ǿӵһ˹ֱȳһӡŽʬӡ˹ȥ
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Һǿһۣе֣ԭҼҼԴڶġǸĶԸʬˡ
ſȥһһĿȻһ죬ʬưܵĴſվĻҳǷһСһţ˹Һǿһӭ˹ȥ
ǽʬͻȻһţһɵĶĺҺǿʶ֪ʬһǽʬʬһ򵥣Ҷǿе߷ȥҴһš
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ҺǿһЦǿ˵Ǻĺܴν˫赣޵СЦЦȱһûô׶Ըȥ
ǿ˿Ǹ˵һȣȲһ°ɡģԸʬרõġ濴˿˵ԸʬʼնרҵһŪԸͷɡҼǵʦү˵ֻҪǽʬŵʬͿˡ
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ǿҵĿڴóˡ˵˵˵Ǻܼ򵥣񲢲װɣ
һͷ˵ϻ֮ǲܵˡȻ޹˵ܺġҺǿһǷӿʱ׼šҵеͷû뵽γĹͷôѶԸҪǡͷǸð֡
ʱѾ˷ӸǰͻȻ֣к͸ǿ˵ãһҪǸʬҪˣڶԸ鷳ˣȥɡ
˽ȥȻڰУԼĿʬкһһšǿһ֣еġĽʬͷȥ
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ǱǿҲץסյĽٴŽʬ˦˹ȥ
ʬһܵСһʱҲ֪ӦôиˣһһܲˡͻȻʬ͵ϷȥǶһ㶣˷û赲ǽʬһųŵڵһӷȥݶ
ǵĽ˿աҺǿҪ׷ȥѾһˡҪ׷ǲˡҺǿһڣûаѰΧȦŪʵһЩ


ڶٶʮһ սʬ£
ǿ˿ң군ˣһˣȥץ˵ȥץҲˡ˵Ҳȥǿں档
һܴƶǸʬײġ׼ǸƶɳȥۿҪȥˣͻȻһӰѹ
һԣϽеǿж˵ҰչһߡǿҵҲϱһȥ
һӰֱҵ˵ϡҺǿ䵽ߣϸһӰǽʬڽʬϻһˣӦþѽʬײġǸ˵ǿǸ˵ӡ
ǻûǿǸ˵ӣʬһ֣˵죬һӰ˦˳ȥ˵ײ˴ɵ档
ǿһ֣˦˽ʱĽʬվǽ˸šǿϲ˵ˣˣ
ţʼսʬһŷ֣ʬ̫󣬽ֻס˽ʬϰʬȻɵġһţȷɿȥ
һ˦еġҫʡһӲס˽ʬһȡһʬһȺˤ˵ϣԺԺЩʬáʬһһµ˦šҪվֱ˶ס
ǿҽеɡܷŹСӡ
ҸϽ˶׼˽ʬ͵ָֻһǽҵָȥԼҲһû뵽ҵĹôࡣǿһҲһüһ
ǽֱŽʬȥһӰѽʬҲˡһˣʬܲˡ
ٿʬǼһͻȻһɰϵġζҲϨˡҺǿȻվҲͦԶģǸеǿеһԼĹѻϨˡ
Һһٴ˶ζִҵָз˳ȥǱʬĺסˡһҧӴԼĹǽʬҲӴԼĹ͡ζײһ𣬷ˮǿæһʱֲ֪֡
ͻȻʬһָֻ֣ҪҡһҺǿ֣ưôꡣ
ʬǿġ˵ʬﵽһ̶ȵľͽɡɡͿʹһܺ֡ʱҪ֣ҪҵɡʬҪȡɡ߼ܶˣ绽Ҳ֡ҵġζҲڴпʼҡҷ
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Һͽʬ˺һӣѾеԼĹˡٿʬҲҺõȥŵҲԵҧҧаԼһҪֵ
ǽأҾҵ񱻳һŶʼ΢΢Ĳˡ֪Լֲ˶೤ʱ䡣뿴ʬǱߵҷԼǰһƬģҲˡ
ʱͻȻеںһӳӯһɹһעҵСҸеһͷҲһˡٿվǿǿְҵļϣЩ͵ҵġ
ǵĹ͵һҷġζһӱʬǹɺһӱҵĻûˡžʹʬĵͺǺ춯أޱȡ
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ҡҡͷ˵̱ڵϡָָȼŵĽʬǿ˵ͷ˽ʬߡҲǱߣҿнʬؿڴ֪Ǹʬáͨǿ˵ǸʬŪûôˡ
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ҷʶǿеʬǿ˵ͷݺݵŽʬĺŲȥһӲļǿ͵İγһɺӽʬĺ˳ǿҲϿˡ
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ǿ˵ûˡûͷ˵žҪ֡ҸϽסǿҶǱ𶯽
ʱҸеԼѾָһЩˣ߹ȥ˿ʬʬ壬ѾյĲˡóҫʡǶѻҽвһ£澹ȻһСͷ
˿ְСͷ˳ǿСͷϻȶȣǿӹСͷϸĿ˿˵ŵġҴˡ
ҵ˵ͷӹȥһǿѹͷˡ˵ˣˣô̾˿ûʲôǹþˣһͺˡǿ̾˿˵ǽͲˣ߰ǻõɡ
еѾǺɫˣ¹׵ںͬ档һյ޴ĵơ
ǿңһֱߵ˺ͬڣһ̧ͷͻȻֺͬǱߺкܶˡһǿ˵ã˽ʬЩСģǰеôҡǿеķˡվԸЩʬ
ԶԶĿЩӰǽʬ˵ǽʬǹȥ˵
߽ЩӰһ˴߳ʱҲſǸˣŵų
ųӭ˹һסǣλˣˡ
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ڶٶʮ ؼ
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ҺǿҲȵľơų˿ʵЩɫܲǲˣЦЦ˵ûУľҪҾͲˡ
ų˵ͷȻԵ㶫Ȼȥɣǿ߲ܣҲȷʵǶˣæһҹҶеԲˡ
һ֮ų˵֪λĽʬǲǶأ˵ǵĽʬǳˡĻʣµĽʬҲú¡ӵմϺڹѪҲֱŴ״ǡȻŻ˾ˡ
ų˵ͷ˵и֮롣ϣλͷ棬λõġҺٺٵЦЦҪһ£ǳԱˡϢڴɣ
ų˵ͷû˵ʲô
Һǿص˷棬һ˴ϡǿʵô˵Ե㶫öˣеۡǿ˵Ҳ˯ҵ˵ͷ
ǿ˿ʵǲʲôһ㣺ʲôˣǿ˵ҼǵǸʬʬҴˣǸ档ǶǱǲӦȥȡ
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ǿȻ˵ԣʱʬǸſһˣǸ˰ѽʬġʬǸ˸ӵȥˡôѵǸ˳ʬãҪͨ˳鷳ģǵøϽҵ
ЦҡҡͷˣҲ룬ܰѽʬĻͨ𣿡ǿ˿ңʶǸˣҵ˵ͷһû˭ǸӰʵϤˡʱˡ
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ǿ۾˵Ҫ򣬲ɣҲҪһ룬ȥδ
ҡҡͷǿֿʼˡҲҪظ
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ǿҡҡͷûУֻЩ飡ЦЦ벻׾ͱˣۣ߰ɣǻؼҰɡȥ緹ǿľȻĵ˵ͷ
óˡսħơͽһ֮ǳһˮıϡҾϲķ֣ǳˮҼҵӾء
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˿ҺǿЦˣӰˣҵ˵ͷЦЦȥˣ·ǣǲŪ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ҹȥģҲûеʵģֻպϴˡôҿ΢΢¡Ķӣжһϲá
Һǿ˵ȥ·ϴɡҽд޽ŪЩԵġǿʵ־أ˵־ȥˣһܻǿЦЦ˵ȥ·ˣ˵ʵ·ҵ·ö࣬ҵҸֺϼ·˵Ц߿ˡ
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¥ѾˡҺǿ̻ʵĳǣ˵ߵ⼸죬ʦһˡͣʵ˵ʲôˣҡҡͷҲû˵ʲôǺСһġһСġ
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ЦЦǮѾǺںˣǿȴ˵ǰԽǮԽǮϹѾôǮˣ˸ǮˣûиǮǡ
˿ǿʲôɱԹģϹģġеĳԣе棬Ůѣ㻹ҪʲôǿٺЦҪʲôˡɩ˵һߵ˵ͷ̰նˡӦøҸطȥˡ
ǿϽģһ˵İЦЦȥѿɶ㲻а𣿡ǿ˵ͷǿбҪˣȥ˵ŷ·룬ܡ
Цҡҡͷһһ쵽߶߶ġڿǼβˡҲЦ˵ϣͿɶÿ޳
ЦЦ˵ֻ־Ϲ˽־ֻ΢΢ص˵ͷϹĵĽеϰ壬ˡ
ЦЦǰ㲻æ𣿡ϹЦЦȻæˣҪæ֡棬ҪĵİѱһҪĸأ
ЦűϹСǿ˵ˣһҪϹСЦ˵ۣۣȻˡȥȥ
˵ϹЦȥҡҡͷŮ˾һ̨Ϸ
ʱʦں˹ЦЦ˵Ҹĵطģ
ҵ˵ͷһȥأã


ڶٶʮ µİ
ҺʦӾرϵĳϡʦóһļ˵ĹѰҵļƻ飬㿴ٸûʲô⣬׼С
ҳһû뵽ʦô棬Ȼ˼ƻ飬ôЦЦ˵ǰɣô棬ǼƻĿԤ⵽Σ𣿡
ʦ˵ϰˣЩ겻ʲô֮ǰҪֶûмƻͻеﲻȻܰгܻһЩӦԤõϣ㿴ɡ㿴Ҳġǲֻǿ
˵Сͷʦ˵˵ҪĻǿԴһֻĹҡҡͷǹǵսѣҲûʲô
ʦЦЦðɣǾ£ҵ˵ͷʦ˵ǵװǸ𡣡һҡҡͷǵװ⣬ԼŪɡֻҪŪЩʳˮǿܳԵġ
ʦЦЦҪȥĸˡüͷôࣿΪʲôҪôˣʦ˵ңԡרҵһġ֪ʦ˵רҵһָרšµءģҲǡӡ
˵Щ˿ɿ𣿡ʦ˵ǸȻǶĺ顣Ӧû⡣ʵɼס˵õģǲöģǻ𣿡ʦüͷ治˵ô죿
˵һ룬ɡʦ˵ͷ˵ҲãҵϢɡҵ˵ͷ˵˾м뿪𣿡ʦ˵ǻܵ㰡Ӱ죬̫󣬹˾ͺһһͿҵģҲһת˵ءġ
ҵ˵ͷЩ޹ʹ飬ʦǶȥʦıӰߵ쳣ӯӦܲӡȴĵǣ֪һȥǸǻ
һڳϣЩ顣־ĬĬ˹վҵ󣬲˵ҵ˼ˣͷ˿־ʵȥҳˣ־˵ͷǣʵ㿴ʲô
־˵ҿ˽ʬˣڶԸʬǸʬͱ˸ˡ
ҿ˿־˵Ե˽ʬ³ʬˣųΪӣ𣿡־һ˿ңô֪ģ
̾˿һжڤڤ֮ΪҺǿմʱѽʬġҿʬɽҲһ̵ʬȻߣǸӰ㣬ϵõġ
־ȵĿңðβ˵˾ǣǡǡ־ǡ˰ҲûġҲ֪ôԱ˵־Ӧúе꽩ʬļôꡣҿӦñȽʬҪ
־ҡҡͷǳǸǸҲˡ˶Ͳ˵ˡҲУ֮У𡣾͵ڻҸͲҪܶʱߵһһˣֻԶӣ˼˽ֹ¶ʹ𣿡
־Խ˵ԽȻҿŸ־Ȼȫ⣬ߵ˾߿Լȴް취ĸһǿġûȰοԼһӡ
һ־ƽ˺ܶࡣҶԸ־˵ж׷ϣѰáڵõȴе಻ԡҿӦøǿʦѧѧͻùһ㡣ȻĻᣬҲΪʲôúأ˵ôʱѵܲ͸أӦúúõһˡ
־ң͸һƺڰҹһĹʵ˼ҿ԰æҵ˵ͷ㵱Ȼ԰æҲ԰ϴæ㲻ҪԼԵõĻĿһΪġ
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־ץץԴ˳˼ûдŸ־һ֧̣һڣŹĹ顣ʦ¹ءԭҲ޿ɺǣЩȻо飬Ƕڹ鲻֪ôһǣһʱ򣬷飬˱ʦ֮⣬ҪٱˣǻҲΪǲŵΪҲô˵ҲǼ顣˻ԽԽáʦļ֣Ҳġ
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־˵ͷ˵ҪһˣҪȥǰЩķˡ˵žȻһһܵˡҿŸ־ӣ߸˵ģҴĽᣬҲˡ
ҿ˿ֻӣҸеЩƣ룬˸Ҫȥ˯һҸվʹֽȥţʦүЦе˽
ҿʦүֻееͷۡʦүߵҵߣ¬ǿһ˿ЦݣҲãʦү
ʦү˿ң˵еͻ¬ּ£аһͻģ˵ȴ˵ӭӭ
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ʦүЦЦ˵һӲ֪¬ȥʲôطأЦЦȥʲôطǵߡ
ʦү˿ңXߣԿҵĸΡƢΡҵǲںһ֪ѡЦ˵ϴѾǸӸˣҪʲôأ
ʦүЦЦȷʵеȴҪʲôҿ˿ʦүʵ㵽ҪôʦүٺһЦ֪¬ԶС²ģҲȥ
һ㶣ôһﾹȻҪȥĹ


ڶٶʮ ̫̫Ѷ
ҿ˿ʦүʦүҲЦеĿҡҾΡʵô֪ҪȥĹ
ʦүЦЦҪ˲֪ǼĪΪѵ¹صˣ벻֪ҲѰ
а̾һǹеģֻƾЩϢ֪ҪʲôʦҲϵҲȫֻǰһӦôԸأ
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ҸЦһ˵ⷽû⡣ʱҲɼǸĹĵͼӦþ˰ɡбҪһҪһȥ𣿡
ʦүЦݣһɫ˵⻰ǲҽҿǸԲõġ
ȻǲţԺ˵ʣǲϰأʦүЦЦ¬Ҳ֪ˡ˲ǰȷʵҵϰ塣ʵ֪֪̫̫֮Ĺϵأʦүüͷ˵˵ʵʱĹϵĹϵ㲻ϡǻһӡ
ҵ˵ͷ͵ͼɱϵ˾ǸŮȥģ֮Ĺϵֻôأ
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ʦү̾˿˵֪ˣϴҲ˵Ҫõ¬Ρҵó涫ˡ
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Ե˵ͷ˵ַѡúζȺ۲ݡд󳼽飺̫ɽԻ꣬ʾ֮⣬ͶΪ꣬Գн̫ڶ󡣳޼ԻɽλڳڰǬλǬΪΪ죬ΪۡǱ½۶ɽȻΪõ۶˼䡢ãغһǬϣΪ֮ͶΪǬɣʮָˣ춨ΪǬꡣ޼֪Ԭԣ˵ɽѡַΪǬ꣬עŮΪ𣿺һзչӦԬԤԡʮԪ겡ʡڰϣ͢һۣĸ󡮹ꡯԸ˼ԡ˵ᣬ߲˶߶롣̫ʴۣᣬԱ𣬿־Ǭڣʯʯ϶ԹУ꣬䡣ڼӹΪǬ֮ԣ񼪵أһ꣬ȵô֮ǣֳɹ̱֮ҵ֪;Եͨᣬ֪֮档ʴȵڻʵۣûн飬Ϊ˱ʾТģڿǬĹţ½ǬӴˣǬΪйŴĹΨһһһ۵԰ڡڳֽ̫ӡĹ˴󳼵ʮǬꡣˣǬ԰Ӫ̾졢ڳڲʼȫʱʮ֮á
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ҡҡͷʵҲѲ£λ롣һĹȻԬ첻Ը죬иڣ죬ҲҪŸڡһҲԵĹأ
˶һ㶣ֿҡһںȹ˲Ĳ裬˵ҲĹĶأλ̫ˡһеģĶҲеġЩȻϵоûдܶطҲ¶߶ˡ
Ե˵ͷǰкܶĵطЩìܣ¬ҲעˡкܶʱԼҲìܡҾã¬ָļе˼ġ
˵Ǽ˵ȤԣΪղ˵ģһЩ֪ͨʶǶٻ֪һЩģԽҪ˵һЩϵоɹˣϵоĹʮ꣬Ȼкܶĵá
˵ȣ¬ΪȻǺĹȴһϡʦү΢΢ͷƺͬ
Լ˵ĹΣһǸڵĹᣬĹᡣĹ滹һ㣬ʲô¬Ҳû˵׼ǿԿ϶ǣһۡȪȪˮʲôãô£ˡȪʲô¬Ҳû˵¬оԬڷȪˮ֮Żġ޽Ĺһֱꡣ
ʦ˵Ԭʵ˼ֻһȻһɷ顣
ʦү˵ͷ˵Ԭôģǲ֪Ҳ޷֤¬ǲأΪʲôҪѸڵĹԼĹϱߣǱѹţôأ
˵¬ҲʱĹбƶλʱ򣬾͸о֡ǶۺᣬǸĹĹģʵǲҪ֪֮󣬴һֱ˥£ҲЩɾ͡ۺᣬʵǹģֹģһ춼װ¡ǵʱⶨĹ᷶ΧˣںĲУ¬е㷢⣬ڲĲνЩصĳһĿⲨξ仯һ֡ʱ¬ͻɣӦĹĹҪĻҪ󡣸ղʦү˵ģµ⡣¬˵ġǲ٣ϾضͬλҲͬȻԽӽµԽģڵĹ˸ֵˡԽǶȲһҲһˡ
ʦүһ£˵ͷ¬үӣȻۡΪ£Ҫ￴Լ˵ĹӦһĴͣСмĲ־Ĺ
ĵ˵ҾйؼԬ֪ʲôĹĹҲҲԬĪĹϵҾҪҵڣһҪƵԬķϵĹо꣬ʼն޷漰йڷĶҲż顣ûפأʮ˶ҲοھôˣҲΪרŵԱܣҪжҲûôס
˶˵ͷʵ֪Ƕģ֪Ԭķ˭ءҲ˵ƽԬķǾûа취ȥˣҡҡͷҲ֪ҪɽһС
Բеʧ˵¬Ĺú꾡ֻĹȴҡҲĹһжȻҿ˿ʦүʦүǸӣЩʲô˵֪ʦүʲô
ʦү˵ЩĹģҲвٵĸ֣оͨѰѨĸ֣ʲôУξ͡ɽʿȵЩżҴѧĸ֡Ƕûҵ⣬ȻġȻЩǲ֪Ԭһţһɵģ˭ķȽϽӽ֪ЩӦҪõöࡣ
üͷ˵ǿķԴڷң־ҾͲ֪ԲԬһеġʣҺʦүˡĹڼ£ֻǿˡ
ʦү˵Ҳ֪ܲƵǸ󡣲аգֻҪϾͿҵĹڡ
˾˵ֻҪҵĹڣҾͿԴŸλĹҲ˵ʱ򣬾еũҵĹڡǸĹǲأ
ʦүҡҡͷоˣǸģըģйˮĵصڡܵĹҡǸЦԵ˵ͷ˵ǰ¬Ҳô˵ġ
ͻȻĹܸȤʵ㵹˵˵ĹĻطֲôģ
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˵ЩضһԴأ֮󣬿¾޷ʹˡĻжŻظʹãУʲôľˣ
˵һ¬Ҳ˵ҲʲôװãȻĶһһˣǷ磬ˮҲǳϫҲ̫ܡֻеŻ֪ЩǲųظʹõġǸľˣҵһ˵ڵʱǶˡ˵Ҳʧˡ֪ľͷģҿԻһĺڵĻˡҾͽľˡ
ҵ˵ͷǳʶû뵽Ƴʱ򣬾Զװáʦүȴ˵ҲųǷĿܡЩֻ֪ܵ
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üͷĶǺصģϵоô꣬Ҳûʲôͷʦүһĵ˵һ棬һ棬¬оʧˣҿ»˻ȥĹ
һһҵˡһֱ϶ϵЩʦүͻߵġʦү˵ǣǾпܱˡҲ͸пܻġʦүĵĲ޵
ţʦү˵µģһ沢û˭Ҫһ£ʦҪ֮⣬ûˡµĵط
ʦ΢죬˵ûټ£Ǻ˵ûйʦүҡҡͷȻǺãǾ²ҿǻҵĸ֣޷ԤƵġ


 
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صĵ˵ͷԻ˷䡣һص˷䣬˸绰ƽڴͷһ˴˯ˡ
ɼһΣǼ߽һͨһֱߣһֱߡ֪ͨҲƣΪʲôͨҪȥأеãţͻȻǰһ⡣Ҳļӿٶȣǹ˽⣬ֻͨľͷһ㶣ôأȥýһǼοԷ󹥻أҪңҪҡʵҪʲôǸֻظţҵҵ
ȥץǽȴһβˡҸеһӳȥһ˹ҷԼȻ˴¡ˤĵط˵ϡͷ˹һ߿ҡ
ͷĴԴЦ˵û£˸ΡͷſҵĽűߣңСһĽҿ˿棬Ѿˣߵ˴ߣ濴ţеϳǽɢŨصʷС˸е쳣ĺءҵһ֧̣һڣֱԣ˹
ղŵξе֣Ϊʲôأʲô˼أңʲôأǸ˵Ҫýһؼʲôýأֳһ̣ʲôǼüģӦǡӦǹֻ˹Żᷢԣһ
˵ÿһýʱ򶼸ее㲻񫡣ȻǻǸеûȫӳһΪûйԭѵ˵ҪҹһϨ̣еܸˣʱ򣬷ĵ绰ҽ绰洫ʦ𣿡˵ˣˡʦ˵ðСʱ֮󣬵
ҷµ绰ϴϣԡͷ˵ҰɡһóԵġͷңһνӡ
ҵ˲ǶˡҺͼ˴кҿ˿ǿСɫһܾӡʵǿʦľ񲻴ǿٺһЦǰ˯úܺáһʦЦЦܳ˯Ǹǳ˷ǱѾˡ
ǵ˵ͷҿʦүһصӣ֪ʲôһǸѵûİϡû׷ʣ֪˵ǲ˵ġҲûá
ǳԹ緹ȥѡͷ˳һ·ķȥСʱǾ͵Ĺڣɽ
˳ɽĶȥһСʱɽˡҺʦүһϣĹ¿Ĺ޽ĹȻɡɽƺҺʦүϸؿšʦүźӣ۾˵ŷλҷĹĸλȻûг¥£ֳҿԿڵĵԳӦĸλޡ׻ȸ䡣
ҵһμû뵽ô档ʦүͻȻ˵Ҳˣҿ˿ʦүʵʲôʦүЦЦȻǵˡҵ˵ͷ棬ǰûĵ֪ʲôأ
ʦү˵˷ˮӦλ֮⣬ҿҲжӦıһ׼ġаǺͻƵġġ
ֿ˿˵ǶڵģǶģʦүҡҡͷҲ֪˵ʵ֮ǰҾͺ뵽طһС˵˼ΣҲˡǵҿԿ϶󷨲ܶණǲҵڿȻ١ǼСҲǸˣһ۾ͿײںδͷĹںηȴʼղ÷档ڿкֻܶǿһ󷨲ҪӪһաԬŶݼ֮Ȼǲ
ҵ˵ͷʦүһʦΧ˹ʦʵô˵ɡ˵˵ͷʦ˵ǾɽɡҶźסĵطˡ
ɽ˾ĹԶһƵ꣬Ȼ˵㣬ҲǸɾʦ˾Ƶļ䡣ǽ䣬ҪЩˣڷ
ʦүûԶ٣ͷꡣһߡʵôʦүôˣʦүҡҡͷ˵Ҳˡ֮ǰϰٳԶǿſ˵浽棬֪Ҫȥ졣ȻǶԵˡ
ʦүЦЦ˵ǳ԰ɣҵߡʦ˵Ŷȥɡʲô绰
ʦү˳ȥʦʵ¬ǵ׿ʲôأ˵Ȼһķˮءʦү˵λб˵кܶŶݼ׵󷨡ҲûаһҵĹڡ
ʦ˵԰¬о棬û˵Ĺʲôط𣿡˵һֱֵģ¬˵ĺĹڵλþϱߣûʲôѶȡΪʲôô˾Ҳأ
ʦҡҡͷԶô򵥡԰ɣԹ֮Ҳȥߡ
Թ˷߳˾ƵꡣĹķȥ߽԰԰Ǹɾ˲Ǻܶࡣӭ濴һûֵʯʦ˵ֱŮԼдĹ־úƷҲиˡ
ҿֱúе˼ٿλǸֱţλá񲻽һûֵĹ־ô򵥣Ӧˮһá
ߣһһķӱϣ˺ܶʯ񣬲ûͷЩʯ滹и䡱֡
ʦ˵˵ЩǷʹЩʱʱѾˡЩʱʯԼĹЩĺ˿˺ܲĸװŪƭϰգ˵ЩĹ֣˸ϰյߣͰЩʯͷҵˡ
ʦĽܣҿЩʯҷЩʯλãе˼ԴӸǶȰЩʯûȥоһ¡
ڿŵľתһȦҶĹЩ˽⡣˻ȥǸջصƵķ䡣ʦүҲŻˡһȵʦүǽҶʦү˵ôˣ
ʦү˵⸽һЩˣģҪˡ


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Ƕһ㶣Ȼ֮ǰҲ뵽ˡû뵽ô졣
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˵Ȼʦү֪ЩˣǾ͸Ǻ棬Ҫζʦү˵ͷҲд⡣ǳ͵ɽ档ǿһࡣͿԿǵжˡ
ʦʵǰɣôڣôԶܿʲôʦүЦ˵ʦүа취ˡ
ʦе㵣ġʵʲô°ɣʦү˵һеġҲˣмˡǲ̫á
ʦһüͷҲˣѵһģʦүҡҡͷǵǣһ֮еģһһ֪ҪС
ʦҲסˣڵصţüͷҿʦӣҿ˽飬ĵطǰͻȻôĲͷȻоеġ
˵ʦҲżȻе㸴ӣӦòʲôӰ졣ʦүҲ˵ͷ޷Ҳһ죬һġǿһǸͼҲȥĹУҪ˵Щˣǲġ
ʦźһصɳϡ˵ôĵĹѵľûзӦ𣿡˵˻ǡҲô໥ţСʵʲô⣿ʦһΪʲôǵĹġ㾿ʲô촦ǣһҲᴦġ
ͷ˵ˡʦ˵Ҳˣǳȥɣʦү˵ͷӣҲסˡǳȥɡʦ˵ͷ
߳˱ݡʦүм䣬һѼñѹúܵͣߵϵһꡣһݡʱ򷹹ܶˡѡһڽӡˡҪ˼˺ɡ
ҪԼɵġĳʦ֪ӦøӶٵһɣǿһ˵ⶫȻóԣе鷳˵ԽСԽõġʦүͷ˵ǿˣмǸӣһӡͷžǶûжֻ۽һˡȻмиӣװûһӣͷ
ǿһЦ˳ǰɣλֵģµأҿзࡣʦүЦһڵĸýСˣһȻµˡǡУξĺѰѨı£ȦԵã֪һĺɱ˲գ۵ġ
Ҳѡһĵطˡ˼ˡҲҪɣҲ˵ͷɡ
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Ļ߹ɶˡʦү˵ڶˡսˣǸССģͷĿĵ˾ǡ󡯡һ򶴵Ĺһû֪ô򶴵ġĴɽɡĲ֮ء⡮ɽɡֻʣһˡߵǸӦͽܡҲͦΣյġóҵͷһֱӴ򵽹ͷ׼ֺܡ
۽ˣԽԽǸһֻҷ·ûĹһֵǣҲѡһĵطֹţôѡλأ
ʦ˵ⶼϽ⡣Էʱλÿ۹·˷ᱻԵ˵ͷΪʲôҪĵطأûʲôң
ǿЦ˵Է۲𣡡
ʱ򣬻ưǵɶȻ԰ÿһֵ˭ľͷ˭ǰҲһǿһζ
ҲųȻζʦү˼ڣ룬˵ߣˡսĸˣǸмǸźںڵģָ׳ĽɽܡֱϲըҩɵġӡֶαȽҰըҩҲǺΣյġ
һ߳ɣһĸˣĸ˹ȻɷģЩɱһ
ҿ˿Ǹɽܡü⣬ǽ׳ġҵ˵ǰըҩҲˡǾйԱģըҩǷַӱ˼ҷ֡
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ҵ˵ͷˡҷȻ˺ɣǵһۣ͵͵űĵطҷֻҲ໥˶ԷǺҲǡ
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ʦ˵ҲʲôҲȥʦ˵ļʦүֻõ˵ͷ˵ðɣ߰ɡ
ҺǿʦүʦСͷ˷Ĺķȥ־Ƶķȥ
˴·ɽʱѾһˣҲᳵ·ʦүʦߵɽҺǿһεʦЦЦҶǿ˵ɣǴɽɣʦ˿ǣҺǿһһʦչˡiܵɽϡ
ɽǷʦүѾվϡҶԡͷ˵ŷ硣ʦһϷȥɵһߵһŴϡʦؿڵ˵ù񫣬û뵽ô񫡣
ʦүɽ£۾һ졣ҲķȥڵĿʲôͻȻʦү˵ˣ۾ϸؿţȻӰһĹĶȥ
˲ʱмӰǸȥˡʦү˵ǡ͡ˡǿҪжˡ


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ҺôԶľ룬ȣҪʦү˵ˣˡҿ¶˹ȥʦүȻԷֳһˡ˵ʦүǺð
ʦүҡҡͷЩĲǾ顣ܿЩʲôҾͿЩʲôֻǵıؾ֮·һﾭʣµֻҪ֪ˡ
ҵ˵ͷһߵʦʵֻأҲǡɽܡЩأ
ʦүɿ棬۾ź룬˵֪ǼӦһġ㲻һŪʲô߿ƼСϲȽĶˡ
ʦүĻδ䣬ɽһֵ⡣ˣʦүüͷ΢壬ֹšҵ˵Ħ˹룿ʦүûƶĿ⣬ֻǻĵ˵ͷ
ֱֵĹڲ˵Ҫȥ漯ϡӦþǡɽܡһǿüͷ˵԰ΪʲҪȥأ˿ɶǵȥˣ
˵ҿɽܡһѹûȥǱġʦһۣʵ˼ǡҿ˿ʦүʦүҲңҵ˵ͷǳߵıؾ֮·ɽܡһûʲôġҿǲǲȥֻǿôмˡµػᱦڳԺڣǸʹ졣
ʦ˵һݰʦүЦЦЩĶԴ˩ڿϵ顣Ȼ׺ݣҲȻ򡣡ʦ׷ʵô죿ʦүǲżź˵ż˵Ҳôģӣ翴Щһﵽ׻ô˵
һֱվϣԶԼԼĿԿںڰлſʦүһףʵôˣʲô飿ʦү˵ҿ˺ܾˣǱߵе㲻Ծ룬Īǡ󡯺͡ˣ
ҲֻԼԼĿӰڶҲʦүͬУȷʵԡҿ˿ʦүֿ𣿡ʦүüͷҲȫûСһĶԼĵϵôĹֻôˡ֮ʲôĬ˵ûгõѣûгõĵˣֻгõ档ǰǺҲûпܵġ
ʵǽȥ𣿡ʦүҡҡͷ˵ģǻƳĹڡ߹ͷλãȻѼһڸٹҵ˵ͷ˵ҪˣɽܡǱ߿²ùɣʦүЦЦǿ¾ʵ൱ˣɽܡУȽļһȴйϵļ˵
˵ţͻȻ£¿ȥ֮䡰ͷһһĺ˹ȥһӰ˳ɽȥͷһֱ׷ȥǸһңʧˤɽ¹ȥͷ׷ȥҡβͻص¡
ʦүЦЦЩɹ̽ġҲЦЦϣˤʦ˵ĹôҺһĶУῴġ
ֿһӰߵɽԹʦү˵ǲغ˶ȥˡ˵ǵǲضĵطʦү˵ͷ˵ٵһᣬܡǱôж
ֻվһ󣬿Ǳ߲ûʲôʦүüͷ˵߰ɣȥҺǿʦ´ɽ·ȥʦү͡ͷǡ
ʱǵ˺Ǹλáʦүһ鿴ָһƽ˵ǵĶͷˡȥǿȴʦүסˣУ㶯ǵĶ֪˵ſ˿ͷܰǿ𣿡
ͷ˵ͷ˹ȥӾͰˣ¶ĶһѶСֵĸͷһϸ𡣺һЩǺֵܴʦүЦЦǡ󡯵ļһŶԡͷ˵ˣϰɡͷɿĵȡְöˡ
ʦ۾ΪʦүҵǲĶΪͷǶϰ˺͡ͷһ֪ͷĶ˻ͲΪһֻʦȥôĹ˵ĹҲ̫ˣղΪֻ׺һ㣬û뵽ô£ö˻ǡЦЦ˵ղǺ˵ˣĶСǻȥɡ
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ǺܿĻصõ꣬ص˷䡣ţе㲻ͷˣǻӭôǽж𣿡ʦҡҡͷٵȵȡеʧһߡ
ҿ˿ǿ˵ˣˣôûнжأǿһг˵ΪҴűء˵ŴӰͳ˼ֽֽ澹Ȼɡ֪СʲôʱϡǿһȦû˳ԣԹԵĳ
ҿ־ûڣʵ־أ˵طˣҲǵģһ仰˵ˡЦЦ
ʦү˵ϢɣˡֵĿʦүΪʲôô˵ʦүЦЦϿǲͣģλǴҲҲĿꡣ
֪ʦүپʾǡؾ˶ǺΣյģҲϽעǣһעǵġҾʦү˵ĶԣСΪϡ
Ҷʦ˵ɣʦҽһ䡣ǿ͹һ䡣ʦҲʶеأд󣬵˵ͷ
һԻطϢˡҺʦһ䣬ͷȻҡղǿɵʱҲͷ׼ɡûɡͷſһûûεĿţʦſšͷ
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ʦֵĿһۣתͷԡͷ˵Ը𣿡ͷ˿ʦҡҡͷİ׼ɡʦΪͷû˵㣬ԸԸң
ͷ˿ʦͣҡҡͷʦûвˣЦöһЦſţû˵ʦֺ͡ͷ˵һ󣬲˴ϡû£ڴ
ҵƽȵԽԽ࣬ҸеԼﵽһδйĸ߶ȡһߴϵʦҲ˾ȵĺһǽ硣Ҳ׼˯ˡȴͻȻ֮ĽŲ
֮Ǻ̺ǿԵķŲҪҰѹߵ㣬ĸָйҲﵽߵ㣬ǲǽŲġǲģȻǲŲġûжϸ˵ĽŲ
˵ĽŲſڣͣſſĶ


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ڴϣ˶ԼƮƮ˷ŵĵطûһϢ
һ죬ŷдҵͷ˿һӴ˽һ̴ӹ˳ŵһɵζ֪ԾϽһšֻһӲߵ˶ڷǰ洵ء
ͻȻſˣְڿСһ̧ͷңŵõһһҪԼĴ˽ȥһ˵ϡ
˵أ˿ǸˡǸ۽գȣӦֻǻ赹ˡһŰǸ߽˷䡣ŰĲ
ɻصϣ˯ˡ
һұʦĽˡ˿ʦʦָָڵϵǸʵ˭۾˵˭Ҳ֪Сûɺ£Ǵ̡ץ˸С˭һʾ֪ˡ
ʦüͷ˵ҿֱû뵽ôãôĶҾȻ֪ЦЦûʲôԼԼԵˣֻǰϽϴɣ緹
ʦһŴǸһǼһﾹȻûѡʦҡҡͷ߽䡣
ڷˡʦԼ˵û£ʦүЦЦǸ˲¬ץȥǵȻȫˡʦҡҡͷ죬ˡǶǸ˰Ҳ֪ҺסһҶ֪
ʦүЦЦû˵ǿɳԲӣѾһʢ˺üˡһ߳ԣһ˵˷ʲô˵ûʲôС˵
Ǽҵķ䣬ǿݸͷͷ˿ϵǸһǸһѾˣ۾Ŀǡ
໥Ŀ˿ʦ˵ʰɣѵܹ˵ţ׵˵ǰ˳˴ڵĴţɾĿǡ
ʦЦЦ˵ǵ첻Ӧеز飬ʵ㡣ֿ˿ǣĵ˵ͷʦǸʵʲô˵ҽʦʵˣ˵Ҷʮˡʦʵϴɽܡ
һ㶣˿ǣβ˵Ƕ֪ˣʦٺٵЦЦΪأҪ˲֪ǼĪΪǶǵͷѪģмȻҪСĵˡСǰҹԵǶʲôְɡ˵ţͳһذסǰ˻Ρ
ŵɫ԰ףͰ͵˵ӢʦһʲôӢ۲Ӣ۵ģϽ֪˵
˵ͷ˵˵˵ҵϴȷʵǡɽܡΪǸĹҲʵϴԼҪģ
˵ϴû˵ҲǸСУ֪ĲǺܶࡣϴ˵һҪҵʲôͤ˵ҵǸͿõһǮҿҪϴҵϴǮġҵ˵ͷ
˵֮󣬷ﻹбмңϣϴҸǣҸɽĹŵùɽ¡ͷһ˵Լվ˵ͺŵһţ˵𣬱
ЦЦԡͷһ֣ͷſ˻ȥԼͷʦ˵˵
˵ͷ˵ҹɽҶϴ˵ʵֻ˵϶ϿΡϴһϵǵķ̣ԵȻ֡ʦҧгݵ˵˼ǣǱѬˣǾҪǶˣ˵ͷϴ˼
ǿͻȻ÷۶˵ʦүҪʣɽܡҪôԸ͡󡯡ҵ˵ͷ˵ϴҪôԸ͡󡯣˵Ȼǵģϴ׼ڳԺڡϴ˵ĹеıһĲˡ󡯺͡һο϶òߡԡ󡯵ԸһغöġԵһ͸ɵǣǵıȥ
ҵ˵ͷɽܡļƻ湻ģƻûһҪŻڵġ
ʵǼǲϴģ˵ͷ˵ǹӶǴжģһʽڡƣġ
ʦüͷ˵ɣ˵Ƚ֮һôŪˣҡҡͷҲ֪Ҳϴ˵ġ
˵ţ洫ľԶͣ˸еţǱľץҵİɣ
ҡҡͷûбİɡǲǰ֪ȫ˵أ˵ͷ˵ˣġûһҾ֪ôࡣ
͵ۿ˿ʦүʦүе˵ͷҶ˵ҿԷ㣬Σա룬ϴҪ֪ʲôˡҲǵĶ֡
һ˵Ҳûа취ֻҪ·ˣܵԽԶԽáҵ˵ͷðɣܰɡҰϵĲ⿪óһǮ˵ЩǮţٿˡҪڿ㣬ǲġ
Ǯǧлˡ־ĸ˳ȥ
һߣʦ˵СӲܳȥ͵ϴȥɣҡҡͷӦòᣬϴôݡһŹġҸ־Ҳȥˣʲô飬ġ
ʦүҲ˵СǸ¶ֲ󣬲һȥˡɽܡֻҪ𣿡˵Ҳû֡󡯺͡ûȥô춯ְɣ
Ҳ˵ͷǿ˵ô˵ǵǵһֵĿˡʦЦһǵģǽûǺ鷳ǿ»ҪġǻҪ׼
ȴ룬ǲҪΪǿԴǺܱȻҲɱˣҿ԰Щߡ
ڷ㶣ǿüײײң˵ʲôأǲҪΪǿһ㶣˿ǿô֪ģǿٺٵЦЦʵҲôġҵ˵ͷӢͬ
ʱ򣬸־˻ǿ˿־־˵Сӳõ꣬ɿˡˡҿȥˣˡǵ˵ͷ
־˵õ־ƽ˵һƽ顣ǿʼû£ӲŷӦʵ˵ʲô־˵˵õ귢ղľȥùݵġ
˶Ÿ־ʵ˭ˣ־ƽ˵ǡɽܡඣ


ھ ɽ֮
Ƕһʦһץס˸־˵ʲô־˵˵ɽܡ£ɱˡܵ˴ߣԿõֻʱ򣬾ȻѾˣֻʣһľ߻м˾졣
־˵һʱðǼ̧ӦˡûлͷɿŶʵ𣿡־˵û
ǿһǲˡϴҪˣȻԼˡ˭ɵأ־˵̧ʱҿˡɽܡĲ˿ڣӦǱ˴ġҲǶǱ۾ġ
ʦ˿ʵ۾ͱ۾ʲô𡣡ʦү˵۾Ǳɱʱѵģ۾һ֮ǰѵġ
ʦ˵ͷǾ˵ɽܡ֮ǰǲѵģпܺҪԸǵʽһˣ
Һʦүһ˵ͷ˵²ǡġʦүʵô֪˵ղҿ󡯵Ӧòġ᲻ǡǡѵһˣ
ʦүüͷ΢˵˵ЩҲˣ˵ʵЩǹӶĻҲһܡ
һе㲻ţȻЩ˹ݣϾйûСɽܡ򵼣ǿ´粽Сһʱ̸ĳ̸ˡôɽܡǵͲģӦ۾ҪǿԿֳͺˡ
ʦү˵ĿԺܶ࣬ҲͨЩӶҪ֪ЩǼǮۿģͰѡɽܡɱҲ˵ء
ʦ˵Ҳûã취ǲǿҵǵֳ¼ͿԲµ˭ɱˡҵ˵ͷҲã취İ취
Ҷ㵽˽䣬žϸϸҵĶҶ˵ֵȥҶס󡯺͡ϸ˵õģ˵ǶǾµصˣٶ㷨ԼСġ
ϸˡֻصǰľ컹ûɢȥһ˵ʲô־˵Ǹõϰ壬İҿ˸־һۣô֪ģ־˵ղ·ʱġ
ǿһ־ȥܲЩʲô˵Ҳȥҿ˿ʦүʦүЦЦȥɣҲȥ
˳ţӰʧȵľͷʱ¥³˵ӰȺУ໥ţһЩ֪ڿĭɵİ׻ţĿһ
һصɳԣ˿ʦү˵û뵽ɽܡô군ˡʦүе񣬲֪Щʲô˵ع˵ͷǰΪһƴû뵽ôȻԷǸְѵ©ʲôĻһˣ
üͷ᲻᲻һˣһأʦүһۣЦЦͻȻе㲻Ծʦүôһ˸˸֮⣬һţ׽˸ʦү˳Ǹһ˸һʲôѵ֪˭ģ淭˸᲻ģ¿ְҵɱ֣Ҫ¿練ơɽܡôǿᣬ֪˭ָɣʦүҲδɡѵ
ҲʦүԽ񣬿ʦүңʲô顣һֱڳ
ʦһߴ绰ʱѾµ绰ˡ˹Һʦүһʲôһڿһ˵˵Ǻ»ǻ£
ҿ˿ʦүʦүƺѣع˵ǻ°ɣжĥǸɽܡǸΣ飬ǻģȻǻҪ취Ըǡֻе㵣Щˡ
ʦ˿ңʼ򣺡Ҳ֪벻ʲô£ϣҪǡ
ʦ˵Ҵ绰ˣ˺ߵ̾ϵпõֳƬҿʦһۣѣʦЦЦҵսѣʡģӦÿԡ˵ţʦĵ绰ʦ˵绰˵˼䣬ҵ˵ͷ˵绰
ʦó˵ԣ˵Ѿҵˡ¬㿴ɣһǸˣ˵ԣʦ䣬ƬҴһƬǡɽܡʬ塣ɽܡڵϣ϶ѪĲӲһ˿ڣӤͣⷭţˣɫ԰ףʧѪˡ۽ա촽ࡣٿٿûб˿ڡ
ֵ㿪һƬǡɽܡһ£͡ɽܡࡣ˿ڵλãСһģһ˴Ǽͬ£ַʵ̫רҵˡֻоѵ˲Ż׼ȡ
̧ͷ˿ʦүʵôʦүһ࣬˵ҲԪЦˡһǸоʦүЦЩʲô
ҰЩƬһ飬ûʲôԲµģһˣһְҵɱ֡ɱ֮ǰһʹԻҩ֮Ķһѵŵгʮ׿ҡһʱĻ
ļƬҵȤǼƬǶڡɽܡЯĶƬһܴİװһЩڴǺɫķĩʦ϶˵ЩըҩһﲻѾɵģҩҪʱԼ
ҵ˵ͷЩըҩУȴû׹һĶҲ˵ֻЩըҩըҪĶѵ˰ЩˡЩ˺ɫķĩ֮ʲôûУƷʳﶼûСҪ˵װˡһе֡ﲻȫĶĿǰҵЩ
صԶһˮ˵ǲֹˣбˡЩ˲סǸõأʦүȴڴһʱҲ벻ףϵɣ
ʦһʦүĻȤʵ԰ôʦүһۣû˵ʲôʦүʦ˵ǲŶĵطһҪĵطԶôţֻҪǽĹУǾͿˡ
ʦ׷ʵʲôҲ˵ûô򵥣ҪĹͱˣǼһҲҲĹڡ
ʦү˵ͷҿؼΧġҪȥܰˡǹؼʦ˵ǰɣ˵Ǹô˺ûʲôաҪȥ벻а
ʦү΢Цţźӣƺеա˿ң˵Ҳԡأһ㶣˵Ѿˣʲô˵ġҪȥ벻ͨ
ʦүЦ˵ҿ⡮ﲻõķǡһ㶣˼󣿡


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ʦүЦҵȤˣҲһǵķɡʦǺǾȣʲôĸһǻģ
ʦү˵ȻһûػЩ˿ͰĹˡ
ҵ˵ͷЩҲǺܶʦү˵ͷͷǵҲúô¡Ҷʦү˵ѵĳ𣿡ʦүٺٵЦЦȻа취һֻèȻõ򡣾Ϳˡ
ʱǿǻˡǿͼӴ׵İĶ˵һ顣ûʲôмֵĶҶԸ־˵־취Ūһֻè־˵ͷת˳ȥ
ǿ˵Ҫèʲôҿ˿ʦүЦЦ˵ѡʱ򣬾ϸҵĶ𣺡ϴЩһﶼ˯ûжҵ˵ͷʦүվ˵λʧһ£ҳȥߡ˵Ҳ˵ʲô˳ȥ
Ҷǿ˵ûʲôˡҲȥߣȥǿ˵ͷðûǸأʦ˿˵ҾͲȥˣԼСĵɣԣĽ٣ʲô©Ե˵ͷʦ˵ǲһ㻹ǺúϢɣҪϳϢɾ鷳ˡ
ѽߵſڣԡͷ˵°ɡͷ˵ͷſɳϡʦšͷ˵ңҲͦõġ
Һǿ˳ȥϵŹڡɽܡİӡһһЩǶ;˵ûʲôҪġлһȦ·ߵһ̯ϡڲ̯ϿԿɽ
ǿһˮĨһ¿ڱߵˮ˵Ź񫡣ʦүǺȵǸȻ㣬һ㶼ˬҿɽ˵ͷиĺôСڵľϸʧȡڵĺȴûƷζĸо
ǿ˿ңֿ˿еĴƵ˵˵ʲô˵ˮ𣿡һع˵˵ʲôСͦеġǿٺٵЦЦôԽԽǰҵأ˵Ļǲ׵ġ
ЦЦҲ֪Լ˵׵ġҿǽ˵˰飬û˷ˡǿٺٵЦЦ˵ˡ˵ʵɽܡĵǺ֡ҿֵһǸרҵġְҵɱ֣Ҳרҵɱġ
̾˿˵ҿ˾ƬȷʵѪŵúܸɾҾòӦǡ󡯺͡ġ
ǿҪһˮһߺһʵΪʲôô˵أҵһ֧̣˵Ȼͽǲɱ֡ûµأҪܲġֵô󣬸㲻ûᵢµصġҿӦòġ
ǿ˵ͷҳһ̣˵е˼ǻһˣҡҡͷǿе㲻ͷˣҲҲԣʲô˼ҿ˿ǿ㲻ԼԽ˭ʵ
ǿһ˵㻳ʦүҵ˵ͷӿɽ̡ڿˡǿ˵ΪʲôҪأ
ЦЦԡǸɽܡǸݽɫºΣյġѾˡʦүˡǿ׷ʵЩأ˵Ҳ˶֣ʬ岻֪Ūȥˣ֮Ϳݺǡ
ǿ˵ߣʦүҲݵˡ˵֮ǰʦүԼȥģղԼȥġҺܵҪꡣǿЦЦҲǲ²⡣ǲҪôˣôµĹȥɣ
̾˿ȻһֱˡͷˡôҲҪЩ֮󣬿ǵǲȥҸղʦү˵ˣǻῴޡ
ǿһȤôҡҡͷʦүû˵˵Ҫèø־Һèȥˡ
ǿ˵߰ɣȥɰɣеˡҲ޵ĵĿǿ˵ǵ棬ôٳԵġǿһҵȻġ
ǵǸݣѾʮˡǷ㣬˺ܶࡣֻˣ˴һӡҺǿŴ룬ĬĬɡ
áͨǿ˵㿴粻ɣԩҾ·խ㿴ˣǡ𣿡
ǿûпˣ÷˵ˣ֪ǲʶأ˵ҿ񡣡󡱵ĺ˽̸ţõǼ绰ҲĴĴĳһطķԣ˵ٶȺܿ죬ǻס
Ҷǿ˵һĻǿٺٵЦ˵û£öҸϽ׷ʵ˵ʲôǿ˵Ǹµе㵣ĺ͡ĺ󡯲ġٷϻ
üͷ˵˼Ҳ֮ǰ֪Ҳ֮ĺʱġǾȻô׾ͺţǿ˵Ǹᵽ˵ͼҪ졣
վˡ˳ȥǵˡûȥˡҼͨǿ˵ᵽͼˣǿ˵ͷǰҿϵͼ˵ʲôѡ˹أ
ǿҡҡͷҾͲ֪ʲôģѾˡǶԸˡʱϸҵĶ𣺡ϴ󣬡ǳɽȥˡһ㶣ǿʵôˣҶǿ˵ϸ˵ˣǳɽˡӦǿȥˣ϶ѾˣΪʲô컹Ҫȥƣ
ǿҡҡͷЩصģ˭֪ʲôҲȥɣʱɶǿ˵ˣĳ
ǳԹ˶˳ȥƵõȥǲ߳˲ԶҾ͸оǵ˸šͨǿ˵˸ǡǿ˵Ҳоˡô죿˵ӡתһСӡǰһΣǰһ·һһҡҺǿһһߣһұߡ
Ҹеǵˣڲ·ڶһ£Ȼ͸ҹˡתһƧӡ͵ת˼תҲתӵѾˡǿҲӿڡ
Ǹ˼м䡣˿˵ǽϡ߽ˣҳʵ˭Ϊʲôǣ˿˵ûиǣֻǡǿ˶Ļͣ;Ρ˵ʵɣ
˿һۣͻȻﻳһְס˵֣û˵ҿڴжǿ֪
üͷ˿Ǹˣ˵ﻳ棬ͳһ֤


ʮһ С
һɫ֤ɫĹաһǾ֤ҿ˿֣ӣС֡Ҹǿ˸ɫǿҲɿ֡
ҿ˿ֿ֤˿ǸˣЦЦ˵С֣˵˵ͷҰ֤ʵʲô
Сվֱ壬˵ǿɣ͸ඡЦЦǹģһǾͷˡСֺٺһЦӵȻСҸҾ֪Ҳˣ֮еġֵؿС˵㻹
СЦЦ˵Ҹ㣬Ȼ֪㲻ǻˣҲµģǱ˶ӣûʲôˣûˡ
ǿһ㶣ʵǰɣǲʶҡҡͷСȴ˵ͷҿС֣ʶңСֿ˿ңֿ˿£ȷû˲˵㲻¬𣿡һ㶣ʶң
СЦЦȻʶͬ꣬УһҶӡġСôһ˵Խˣôһ£һǴϵһУнȷʵǲμˡСûʲôӡ
С˵˰ɡǲǵҵġʱۣ߷֣ʱĽ㣬һΪһþ졣
ЦЦ˵ȻʶΪʲôֱ˵ŪӣСֿ˿ңŵ˵ֳ˴ӣҪǲµûһġԲԣǿһҪ˵áͨǿ˵˵Ǿ죬ҪǲǺ鷳ġ
ǿʱı͡ҸĪЦЦȻ֪ҾͲ˵ˡ֪мɵġСֵ˵ͷףףǸӣûʲôϢ
˵ֻܸ㣬ǸŽɽܡ£ǵĹСֵ˵ͷ˵ؿҡҲЦЦ㲻ÿˣֻܸЩСƺδǺǵЦţ˵ɣҡҡͷ߰ɣʱ䳤˾ͲˡСֻõ˵ͷһ绰ˣ˵ҪĻҡֻõ˵ͷĿС߳ӡ
ǿңЦЦôеҡҡͷŲǣֻʱھЩǾϣ֮ǣǶƳмӡҲҵķ˿ɣ
ǿЦû뵽ҲôԲѡǡʱһ˴һߵķߡҺǿһۣʦү֪ΪʲôȻ֣ղŵ飬Ѿˡ
ҶʦүʵôʦүЦЦź˵ұ߰£ҲȥԵɣյſڣǣ˵ǷǸСǣҲ͸ˡ
ҵ˵ͷôղŵ飬ˣʦү˵ͷǰǺ˼ҡҡͷû취СǾ죬Ҳ鷳ֻܺˡ֪ʦүȥʲôˣ
ʦү˵ȥˡǵŵ㣬ܲҵͼһ㶣ҵǵŵˣʦү˵ͷкءֻûҵͼһˡֻܽ˵ˡ
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ʦү˵ǸɽܡҪ֮ġͤ򡷡˵漣Ĺ档˵Ŀǵǲ֪ĴĻҲԸûĿģΪκһֻҪóǼֵǵġղŵ˵Ҳе⡣ЩһﶼϺ꣬Ҳûб¶ԼĿģûнĹУǿԺġΪͼĹзǼһЩڵѵνĹС
ʦү˼ˡǵĺȻʱģԲǽ໥εĻϵġʦү˵öԣһͼԽȥ֮󶼲⣬νȥϵȻһֱоĹϵ÷Щ顣ԲûоҪνȥƺûооûʲô֡ôûҵĹڣ˵һʲô˵
ҿ˿ʦү˵߰ɣǻȥɣ־ǲҵ˺èڿºܹؼʦүЦЦһõķȥ
ǿʦү˵ɻûԳأʦү˿ǿǺǣҶⶫûǿôִšǿЦЦҲãϿȥԡһüͷǰɣˣϻҪԣ
ǿһƲ˵ԳԱϲٺ٣
һһţصõСǵʦķ䡣ֻʦһˣŵԡǿʵ־𣿡ʦҡҡͷҲ֪һֱûʵأʦ˵ȥ˯ˡҵ˵ͷ
ʦ˵ǳȥʲôջ񣿡ǶҡҡͷûʲôЩĵ顣ʱ־˽һۻ࣬ǱǶһ㶡ʵôˣ
־óһٱӣһֻܴĺè˵Ұèצ˰죬ŰץǿЦǰɣ֣ҲǸ֡ôץֻèôѾ
־е㲻˼εЦЦ˵ֻҵһֻèû뵽һֺòݡǱж࣬Ҳùٺ٣ԡ
ҿ˿ֻèȻСֻ۾ֱͫӵĿǡҡҡͷֻè˵ҲֻҪһ򡣾ˡ
Ǻè˿ңһõӵĿ⿴ˡʦүóһССƿ˵ܺ˵ɡһ£ǺèҲûа취ҿ˿ʦүҡҡͷûУһֲ򣬻취ɣ
ʦүٺһЦóһ⡣ߵǰӹСƿӡŴںèıϲһ¡ǺèȻ򡣴Ҷú档ȵĿš
ʦүõ˺è򣬺ٺٵЦһ鷽ôġ
ʦҲЦʦүǸİ취ҲСǲǽ
ʦү˵ͷϾͿˡҶԼ˵Ҫʰһ¶ˣϿҪµˡʦǺܸˣʵ𣿡
ǿ˵ʦүӣӦôˡϽʰɣԵġ
ЦЦһжˡ


ʮ Ĵ
һһӣҲˡʱҲҵ˵ͷ˵ȥԷɣˣͳѶá
ԱһܴıҡǶ˿ǿʵʲôôһ˵˭֪ҪáҪЩװֿ˿ǣǴĶǲ̫ˡ
ֻһСǷֽҵıЩԼһܡоˮĶҶûд֪ǿİҲûʲôҪǳԵģһȥԷʱ򣬻ϲٵɡʦүûðԵĺˮҲţҵǺ֡ҿ˿ʦүʦүһĪЦݡ֪ҲǰʡʦİҲСԱС˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ˵İ̫ˣڵ£ܲġҿ㻹Ǿһ°ɡԴ˱ΪѵĿĶÿһԸóҿ˿еһӣ˳˵ûáó˺ܶĶʲôָ룬ʼǱУ׵ȵȡҡҡͷӻ̣ЩûáڿСɡ
Ի˸Се㲻ģû𣿡ʦЦҡҡͷ߰ɣġҪӶ٣԰ǿװɣһܸ˵ġǿЦŶԵ˵ͷðӭҪ͵Ŷ
Ц߳˷˱ݣֵļҷݡ滹ͷܶȴûС󡱺͡Щ˵ӰӡǼһãĴšʦү˵ÿˣǲġµ֮ǰǲԷġ
Ƕһ㶣ʵΪʲôԷʦүЦЦ˷˻ᷢͣɻþСҲ²ȥ֪µصĶֻһ˿խҪô˵ģõġҵͻȻʺ򣬻Ƿƨ˵ӵķӦ
Ե˵ͷԭǾͲҪԷ˰ɣʦүЦҪԸţûʲô
ʱ򣬲˺ɶˡûʱԣԹԵĴ
Թ˷ҿ˿ʱ䣬ǰ˵ӡǿҪ˶ʮɡǲ߳˷ݡ
ǿʵȥʦү˵ȻҪȥɽϵط˳ȥһ·˴·ɽϴҲżһ·ɽҺʦүĹķȥԼʮһңмӰɽһʦүЦŵ˵ͷˡ
ʵھɽ𣿡ʦү˵ٵһ¡ҵ˵ͷ濴šʱһǲʱǸûˡʱһһ㡣ǲʱ䣬ˡһǹٴ𡣽Ϩ
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Ȼļ˺յһֻǼЩַֿˣԹԵԭ·ܿˡʦү˵ͷ˶ӣˣ߰ɣˡҵ˵ͷ˵ߣɽǿһȥʦү˵ٿһ¡ȥˣȥɣҵ˵ͷ
ʦүɽ濴˶ɽ¡û˸šҲŷ¡Ʈ䵽ɽ¡ʦүڿЩ˵µĺۼǸղɽϣ˺ܶĻ˵Ǵ˺ܶĶڡڵ棬Ϳ
ʦүЦЦǶһеĶ֣ô¶Ƕա˵ŶһطڵϲŪ˼¡ȻȫǸʱͳһӡʦү˵ҵ̽ȷĹڡǸҵĿһǵһľط
ʦһ߿˿˵ΪʲôȥأʦүվЦЦó˺èص˵ϡǶǼκè뵽СðΣҲûʲôǿʵô£ǲǡ
ǿĻû˵ͻȻһ硣ŨŨһӰСǶ˵ˣĿܡ洫ĽŲǳأкصĺʱĸĳС
Է˾УʦҲ۾׻ȸ䡣ĳǵǰһʱǶסˡ
ðҡͷ˵ʲôˣôðǽг
ʦү˵ҪȥǷС׻˻λİëһ˵ԽġǷôꡣ˵ʲôҲҪְصġʦүЦһ֪ôǽгȻҲ֪ôԸˡֻǲ֪ԬΪʲôҪҲǣԲġ
ĸ໥Ŀ˿п˿ʦүҡҡϿǣƵ˵ôĿΪ˵𣿼ȻǾͱȻȻѵǺǲɡ
˵ĸһӶˣĸ鵴ġӺ׶
ʦүȻ壬ЦŪŻС𣿡˵Ҳ֣ڳҪֵļơ
һǰһ˵ȱ֣л˵ȸһѪĳ򣬽е˭˵˭ҪҾܾ˾Ͳˡȸһ͵ҷɹ޴ͷҽߡ
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ͷĸޣߺַ˺СһĽƺںĸ޽Žĸֱͷ֪ͷ˵ʲôʦүһ߾Ŀţ˵
ڡͷ˵ˡĸƺϿɡͷ˵ͷ˵ǡߡҿ˿ĵ˵ͷȴǲ죬ѵͷҲˣºʲôϵأ
ȸҲ䵽ҵߣʵǲֵܵһ㶣ʲôֵܣ˭
ǿ˵ɫĴǾʶһǾǻѻˡһ¾ǻѻֵˡ


ʮ Ĺ
ѻ˵ֵǷɢ˸û뵽ȸȻҲǻѻֵܡ
ҸϽӰˡѻ𡱣ȸǰ˻Ρȸˡѻ𡱣Ȼ˼Ѫᡣе㴥Ŀġȸ̾ûмˣҵֵǡ
Ұѡѻ𡱵ݸȸɣҲԶ˼Խ˼֮ࡣȸ죬ǸѻĲ˼£˵Űɡҿ˾ˣⶫǻõġ
ҵ˵ͷѡѻ˵ʵҲøⶫõģܵﶼоġȸ˵ҵֵܻðɣأ
˵Ҳͦõİɣûûֵġפءȸһ㶣ôȻȥˣǿӿ˵ûУѾˡȥġȸ˿ǿʵһߡǿ˵ͷȸʵΪʲôһҪĹأ
˵ҪȥȻǵ뷨ǿ֪ԼػʲôΪʲôҪػ
ҵ⡣ȸһ㶡˿ޡҡҡͷ˵˵ʵҲ֪ʲôԬʦΪ󡯡˽ȥ
ǿҡͷԵ˵ⲻͶˣ󡣲ǲ˽ȥǲ˳Ҳû˵Ҫֻ̡ҪʩչǿǵҲǴܣҿǻǷǽȥɡȻ¡
ȸ̬Щˣим֮飬ӲǴܡ޻ûб̬ȸ˿ޣʵô˵໥˿ֿ˿ǡ˵ˣ˰ɣˡҲ򲻹ǡһ롯͹ܵˡߡټǸʦиʬûʤ㡢οǻȸֵܵϢҲѣνԶ˵ǽȥɡ
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ǿʦү֣ҵĶţðܴ΢΢𶯡ʯһ΢졣ʦүץԿ˳ʯ˿¶һڣ֮һķӶ洵˳
Һ֣ΪĹ澹Ȼûһ֮Ƕʦүʦүֿ˿Կף˵ҲȷǲеĻضˡǻС΢־ѱǰ˵ǰ棬Һ档ųһߡ˵Ÿ־ȥžǿʦǲͷңʦү
ص϶ľͷģȥЩľģľͷ㡣ߵǽںƽʲôûСʦү˵ǻûĽĹһβǰͥһΡ
ȻʦүĻû䣬ǰͣס˽Ų־ִˣǰиšͨѾܿˡǰȥǰһšһ˶ߴ˿Ϸ죬ûа֣žͺܺءϵ׳ʿơ۾ǰһǵ͵ƴ
˵Ǵ涥ϵġҪȥҪ취ˡҿ˿ţȷʵȡмķ϶Ŵ˩ˣǺѴ򿪵ġʦү˹ӿڴóһϸߡŷϣһִ˿Ǹ߾ȻûС
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˶һʦ߽Уſһͭ˨ڵϡתʦү˵ʦүȻҲԴšʦүЦЦСŶ򲻿ôµأǸ˽ȥԺĺܣðβ˵ĺ¬˵һ
ûȥԣоǸšŵıͼмǼм˨ĵطʮ׺Ҳͭʵġǿ̾ŵҪٵͭʱôͭҲݳˡҶԸ־˵ڰ˩ϡʦү˵ͷţ˩ϱȽϺá


ʮ Ҫķ
˩ţǲŻعͷ濴ȥһƬԿտĿճһƬĺڰںڰпԿĹ˸㡣֪ʲô
ƿ淢㶵ʵԣʲôԻع˵ڽˣڽˡƸڵޡҡҡͷ˵ȱϹ㻰أЩʲôԿ˿ңɴʣӦһһĵط͵ġ¬һġһġǿܿţһ㿴ʲôˣʲôһģôûʲô
΢ָһЩ˵ǱʯָıʯʱڵǶġô¡ʦͷƣһͻɢͷƵݡȻľ벻ԶԿܵҷǳʡ硣Ҳͷơֻи־ֵ绹š
ǵͷһǲŷ֣ĿռҲǺܴҲʮƽҡվͭˣŸϡᡢšǿЩͭˡԿЩ̻ͭ¶¶´ƮƮ졣Ϊϸʦֻ̾ЩʿÿһóȥǼֵǵıȫʢƷ̫ˣ
һ߿ͭˣ˵˵Ӧлصġ
ǵǸͭ˵ıϸĲ鿴һ¡Ǹͭһšһܳĸӣһõ״Ķûʲôʵʵ;ֻһ
ͭվռխĵطššָһŵĿ׶Ц˵ǿ¬˵Ŀ׶治ǧ̵ġӦһԵһˣͻþ汻
ǿҲЩ׶˵Ϊʲộʲôأ˵ӦǵϵĵשҿǽʱʦүõǸĿԹرջܳɡ̵Ļǹرˡǵ˵ͷʦү˵ԿףȻ沽ΣھŲҵĻǶˣǻҪСģлûйϡ
ǵ˵ͷСߡߵǽһεխ߽һխСͨСֻųһšߵǽڴֿɼźǽשǿǽשֲŲĿ׶С˵ЩͶǹͼʸķװáܶȣûйرգܼġǿ˿Щ׶˵ȸղŵĴ˺öࡣҿЩͶǹʸСˡ
˵ţǰ洫־ƺǸϽͣס˽ŲžԵĽǸϽΧ˹ȥ֮ǰһ壬һӡ־ѾˣϡһӴؿ͸˳Ҳ˽ȥ棬屻־־⣬һҪˡµֽҵš־ҧ֧š
ҸϽóҫʡһ˦֣סԵ䣬һְ˷Ķ档ԹڵؿڴڵĴϢšδ
ְѡҫʡ׸ĸ־Ǹ͸û˵ࡣ֪־ڵʹҲǺҪġ־˲亹ץסҵġҫʡ
˵ԼҲҶ㡣־˵ͷšҫʡһһŲ壬ǿǸһһʧžġڸ־ӣַһƺߡҸϽ֣Ѹ־˦˦Եߡ־һšʹŤ塣
ǸϽ塣ʦó˼ҩƷȴҵסˡҶʦҡҡͷʦĿңôûоȵļֵˣҪǳȥȥҽԺɣҡҡͷ˵Ϣһͺˡʦ۾ҡ
תͷ˵ô£ĻẦǵġҡҡͷ˵ҲˣΪЩضˡһ񡣲ġ־û°ɣʦĸ־еôû£㲻ã͡
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ҶԸ־˵ôˣ־ɫ԰ףĨһͷϵĺˮ˵öˣҿ˿־ϵ˿ڣѾˡҵ˵ͷ˵ûˣ߰ɡСˣġԵ˵ͷԸ־˵ллˣҪǳңҲ͸ˣҿɾûˡ
־ЦЦû¡Ҳġ߰ɣҪСˡ
ʦүź˵Щǻ֮ܳġǲǹصЩܳɣǶõġ
Ի˻Դһʮ־ôġǰߣһĹңšɽǺ׳۵ġ
Ƕһ֣ǿʵʲôɽѵŵͼҡҡͷҪ˵һɳ̣Ҳǽɽģ͡涼챦¬˵ġ
Ƕż㿴ʲôɽ˵һ㣬¬˵һ֮壬һһ岽
һȣǰ̤һ¡ȻҲһ鷭档˹ȥǶ˹ȥ㿪һ塣Ǹ˹ȥǰʮףһλȻʡǰһܴĿռ䡣
ҿߵǽڣȫǱڻͷƵҫ£ŸɫĹâϸĿǽϵıڻǱڻǳľõ϶ǿϣɫԷҫ۵Ĺâ
ʦúϸһ߿һ˵ڻ϶Ǹڵƽ㿴ͺڿ׷ʱĵһǺõĲٺõĻ
һߵǽϡ滭Ǹڳʱ龰ǾǷǳĺһֱͨڵһߡһ𾪽
Ϊǵǰĳˡｭɽĺ˵Ĳ࣬һɳ̡ȺɽƵĴ󽭡ƽԭƵˡŨһϣĸɫطɫıʯ׺ɵġ
ǰĶʵ̫Ưˣ쳣׳ۡһʱ䶼ˡðʦ˵ǹѾﲻˡ̫ˣ̫׳ˣǡｭɽ
һͻȻ̧ͷ˵԰һ̧ͷԣôˣ
˵ұ⡮ｭɽͨǿôһǽأ·ûˡ


ʮ ȫѹ
Ƕšｭɽĺ濴˿ǺȻһǽ໥˿˵ǷͷҰɣͨ
ǷֿĴѰš
ǿңһȥǱڻﻹͨתһȦִյһ𡣶ҡҡӴͷҶ˵ϵоû˵𣿡
ץץԴ˵¬˵ڡｭɽĺͨڸûаʦүź˵ҿлذɣһҴصĶɣ
Ե˵ͷţʦү˵ĺеҰɡ
ǿЦЦ˵ﻹʲô˱ڻʣһ衮ｭɽˡҿǻذ˲⡮ｭɽϰɣ
ǿ˿еҲûʲôˡǵĿֻصˡｭɽϡ˵ʵʵ̫Ưˡǿ˺ܾҲʲôطлء̲סĴĴţϣءǻûʲô֡
ʦүҡҡͷ˵ǿ⡮ｭɽһһ̨ӡֻȽŵأǿõĻأе㲻˼顣
ҿ˿ȷʵʦү˵һ⡰ｭɽϡֻأ
ʦүüͷ΢˵νһ㶼εĵطԵĵطҲصĵطҿһ̫Զ˵ߵˡｭɽĺ档˿ǽǰһƣû뵽ǽȻƿˡǾȻǸšʦүЦЦ˵еʱ򣬾̫ˡ
ҡҡͷʦү˽ȥһͨͨǼҡǵ鿴һ¡涼һЩƷǸڵճƷһǾġһȫǱһȫʳǲϵķ̾ɼڻŵʱҲ൱ݻġ
ǰĶҿ֮һֱߵͨľͷֳһšԵе㼤˵ǸڵĹˡһкܶı
ʦүЦЦбҲδؿü룬ЩǷڹ֮ģǲܿ׵ģбҲˡ
ԵЦˣҲãҼǵ¬о˵ͨĹͨӦþڵĹ档ҲĿԿҲ˵أ
໥Ŀ˿治֪ʱǲҪأǿ˵Ƚȥ˵ɣôʲô
ǵ˵ͷһȥһܴĿռ䡣мһε̨ӣ̨һ޴Ĺ餡һԲε񷶥ڹ餵Ϸǳ
Ǹĺܴ󣬺һСһǾҪŹȥԵ˵һȡ餵Χܻлءͣס˽ŲܿšǿʵԿ˿˵⸽Ӧз塣˵ڵϸؿڹײĵǰҵһ塣˿ʦү˵ҲǶӦģӦĸС
ǹȻڹ餵λҵ塣ŷϸǹǸ餰ľƵģ֪ʲôľͷһ𺦶ûУˢһͷƵҫ£ԡǽ軭ķͼǲһ£һоӦľ֮ݡ
Ҷ˵ʲôطҡҡͷ¬û˵ֻ̫˵餵ĸһеϵﲢû˵
ǿЦЦԸҲǲˣף㿴ľͷãôһ㶼ûлʲôľͷʦ˵ľͷǲҲһϣǽ˿骶ѣûʲôرġҪ˵ʼϣ̫ˡ
ʦүӿ˵ûпʲô̧ͷϿȥǿ˵Ҳûʲôر𣬲ӦԲطѣģնѰɣ
ʦүЦЦпЩͬڵ𣿡ǿһ㶡ҿ񷶥˵ͬڣȷʵе˼Լֽ䲁Ǹ־µՕ׵˼ͬڣ컹Ҫѹڸڵ档
ʦүЦŵ˵ͷ¬ȻǿЦЦǲǱˡǻǸϽҵڣĹаɣ
ʦү˿˵һйϵôӦ餵档ôȥпֱӰῪ餡߿Ųֻ߿תʵڲֻпˡ
һ¶ЦݣҪǿ׾ͺˣٺ١Ҳ֮ġͤ򡷵漣أ˵ǸϲĶ뿴
ʦȻû˵֪һҲģ˭뿴Ǹ֮أҶԸ־˵æ餡־˵ͷһ餡ܴĸƣ餶ᶯɼǲŲġ
һߣһϢһо餡ǿóɡһ߳ԣһ˵ѵҪףҵȻģߵ˹餵ıϡ䵽˹餵Ķϡ
餰ĶҲᣬûна˸ܴĽǰ˸׶Ķͷ׶˸˸Ź⣬֪ǲǴġ̲סһ¡ͻȻеƷ֮͵ػͷһһӴӹϷڵϡĹϷһһ֦ʸأڲţû餰֡
Ҳˣǿʵ¬û°ɣվҡҡͷû¡Ǳôлءʦүʵʲô˵а˸׶ֻһ¡͡
ʦү˵ͷЩ׶ٵһ顣Ǽƿ֦֮ʸ餰֮ϡֵţѰżʸķӦǴ񷶥ġ
ʦүȥְЩ׶һ顣ȴûмʸʦү˵ͷ˵Ƕģҿף¾Ҫڷˡҵ˵ͷղŵȷҸ뿪סֻһǽ׶
˵ؾǷֹ˿׵𣿡ʦүüͷ˼׶йŹ֣ҵ˵ͷ˹֮ϡ׶ȷûбĻˣſЩ׶ʦүҲߣץסһ׶İ˰ûʲôӦϰ˰Σֻ׶Ȼıʦү
һŰһȻеѾ˿ҲѡҺʦүһְۣѰ˸׶ͻȻǸеռ䴫һ𶯣ҺʦүڵĹٺƶ
վ棬ǿеˣ̨Ӷˡ¿ȥԭĲǹ餣Ǹ̨
̨ƶ׵ӡͣסˡܵҲʧˡٵͷԭ̨ĵط¶һµͨ
ʦЦЦٺ٣̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡


ʮ ʧɢ
Һʦү˹餣䵽˶ڱϡҲ˹һ濴šҶ˵ϵоû˵ô£
ҡҡͷ־˵ȥɡҵ˵ͷһֵ֧磬Ÿ־˵Һһȥ־˵ͷһӶ˽ȥ
µģһʯͷ¥ݡ¥ݵ¡־ǰ档Ҹź档иʮ̨ס洫ʦĽ¬ô
ҶеûʲôʱͦõġûеסٵһҺ͸־ʮ̨סǰû·ˡ־ͷôû·ˣҶеû·ˡô죿
沢ûֽһ滹ûлشƣô£ôûҸϽáͨǿϵǿӳҵУʵô£ôشң
ǿҲʵҲٽ㣬Ҳش𰡡׼ȥ˵˰ɡû·ˡҪȥɡǿ˵ðɣ
һ־ȥ˵־˵ͷȥȥһҶԸ־˵е㲻Ծ˶ˣ־ʮֿ϶˵һʮʱһ㼸̨ףѾ߳ʮˡ̧ͷ˿棬¥ݻûеͷ
üͷáͨϵǿǿһĽڸʲôôû˵Ѿһʮ̨ˡǻûߵͷʱֻһ㼸̨ס
ǿ˵ǰɣǲв·߶ˡҡҡͷûаһֻһ·ôأǿ˵ȥ㡣˵ҲãСĵ㡣üǺšǿ˵ͷ
־˵ţߣ˵һҺǿϵţϣԻϡҺ͸־ԭ£ҵһ֧̣̣ĵšʱҵгǿ
ǿ˵Ѿ˵£Ҳû·ˡһ߲Ȼûпǡ˵ʦүô˵ǿ˵ʦү˵ǲǿҵ˵ͷ͸־ȥ
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Һǿż֪Ϊʲôֻһ·ȥǲԾҺǿţһʱҲȻֻü˼棬ǿоһ¡
ż־ȴżֵĴţĴšҺǿͨ޹ǿ취־˵¬㿴ǽ棬ʲô˹ȥǿֵҿǶǽǽשǺһе㲻ͬǺģġüͷΪʲô־˵ϸǽмשɫԡϸ˿ȻȷʵмשɫҪǳһЩ
̲סһǳɫשǿשǻġҵ˵е˼־˵ٿЩǳɫשһ״ֿ˿ȻЩǳɫשɵıǵ״õǿשǱǵױǸط
ذһ£ǿשͷȻûǽСְһǳɫשͷǸשͷҲûǽС־Ҳһ𣬰߿鶼û뵽ǽСֻú¡¡һ졣һǽϳһڡ
־˿ң濴˿ģʲôҸϽáͨǿϵҵһڡҴȥ
ǿ˵ôҵģҰҵḶ́˵һ顣ǿǽҲӡҿҪһˡʱǿ˵Ҳһͨڡô죿
˵Ҳϡȸ߸ģʱ취ɣǿ˵Ҳãϵɣ
ҶԸ־˵ˣȽȥ˵͸־˽ȥһ߽ͨͨתұߡҺ͸־һ·ȥͨתһ䡣ǰȻһܸܿߵͨǵǰ
ͨһ˸ߵٸŹơ־濴˿˵ҡҰѴݸ˸־־ȼ˹ơƷ˻Ƶĵƹ⡣־һ·ţһ·ߵĹһһȼˡ
һߵǽ϶ͼڡһ̬죬֮ҸеУսսġҵԸ־˵ÿ°־˵ͷӺƽһֱߵм䡣ͻȻеǰһΣһǽϷ˳
Һ͸־ͬʱͣס˽ŲǰȻһǺ޴ͷֻۣǡǵ˼ŵĿ֮ǰҲû׺ŭĿӣҲ֪ҪʲôҲ
ˣһһǺͻȻ͡һɻͻȻ˳Һ͸־һ㶣û뵽һﾹȻͻȻ˻ϽŸ־ŷ˳ȥϷȥǻʮסǿ˰¶ĺëսˡ
Ÿ־ڿз˸ڵϡǺȴ׷ϣͣ۾ǡǳһѻҲǰվ￴ź
־˵Щûа취ˡȻңһǿԻָﵲţҿҲȥ
ҿ֪ж೤Ϊҿ壬ֻܿͷͷЩ㱡е׹ҵ˵Ĺꡣ־ȣ˵ʲôҪֻҪܹȥС
ͳһŷšҫʡ滭һˮе㲻滭һš⺮ҪˮġóˮһЩˮѡˮϡЩˮһðŰ̵ı顣
ҶԸ־˵ţҹȥһԡ˵꣬ҽһȥǺַ˹ȥ͵ſ˴죬ҸϽץʱ˦ǿһӱҶ˺ĿС
ǺһȥһȻһɰ̡̣óˡҫʡһ֣źȥǺһΣȻˡڵϣ־Ӻ˹ͳ˼š˦ߵǽϡ
־ѵõЦЦһһɻˡҺһ㻹١ǵĺëûˡϻˣ߰ɡ
Һ͸־ٵĴͨǰй⴫ƣôй͸ѵͳȥˣ
־Ҳ˹һӿ˽ŲŹٵܹȥ


ʮ 
ʱܵ˹Ľǰһڡվڶ濴ȥһʱ䶼ˡ
ڵ¡һɽȡһ޴ޱȵ񷶥ô󰡣ɽУһǡ񷶥֮ϣ޴ķ壬Զһһ̫µյĸ֡
ĳķģ൱֮СҲɵþ̾ӦþĹˡû뵽Ȼһǡ־˵һǡŵʱģӦһġ
ǿ˺һӣҲǿϵǿǿӳǵУǿ˵һȣЩӺˡһϽʵûпǽϵķ䣿ǿҡҡͷûУûСֻЩ
˵ҲǸոͨһͨվһڣԿһɽȣһǡӦú͵ĳһġǿ˷ܵĽе¡ǲߵúһ·
˵Һ͸־ȥˣǿɣϣ·ͨҲԹСģСЩǿ˵ͷ֪ˣ
ҶԸ־˵ȥɡ־˵ͷ¿˿ھиʮ׵ӡĵڵģ֪ʲôҼһʯͷȥĵӲӲġһ־ȥȵ˵ϡ
ŷֵЩںڵĶֲ̦޺һֲһ·򡣶ǵӦǱş̌ͷ˿񷶥С̫͡Ȼû̫ôҲյɽĿûʲô⡣Ϩͷƺֵ硣ųǵķȥ
һǰһ·ĺˮˮĶ棬ǳšһţ߸ߵļ档֪ǾǻǺӡ浹ǲֻи塢׵ӡҶǿ˵ҹȥѵŷɡҿĳǵĻǺһˡҪǺǸһߴӹ͸Ѿˡ
ǳŽţҴֱӷɵĳ¥һأԽ˻Ǻӣ¥ȥۿҪ䵽¥ˡͻȻ¥һֵİ࣬쳣ĵ»ʳ棬رһ㶣Ϊʲôȴ˸־ĽСİ
Ҳ֪־ҪСʲôȻгһЩ⡣־Ľ䡣¥ֳ˱֮žƿ֮ӳ¥ϷŰеϮҸϽıڿһתƿȥصԭĵطǼҲҵһ־˺ļ֦ʸǸղվĵط
Һ͸־أԻͻͻҲļʸ֪˵ʲôźáðҲ˵Ҷ˻лء˵ţҿ˿־ô֪أ־ЦЦղǰûʱǷǹˡ䣬Сˡ
ҵ˵ͷǳ¥ַһʸͣסˡǼʸҺ͸־վԶȻ鷳Һ͸־ͲܽС
ڳУгǿӡǿһŵı飬еǰƯ˵ڱߵţĸ򣿡ǿ˵Ӧڶ档ôȽȻͣ
ҡҡͷǲףСҸղžɽȥˡҪСġǿеģʦүˡûˡʵô˵ǿ˵˵ϵдһҲû뵽ôǡֻǲ֪ʲô
˵оţҺ͸־Ǳߣ˵ǿ˵ͷãǵǡ
ҶԸ־˵ڶǱߡǹȥǰɣ־˵ͷŶ߹ȥ
ŻǺӣǽҿؿǽ棬Ӱڻζʲô𣬷ɵ˺ܸߵĵطų濴šǳǽܿߣ׿û⣬ܳҲû⡣ͻȻҿǽεĶڻζ
ϸһһľɵζڳǽҡҡλεšһ㶡ʲôѵǾ˵ľͷˣˡٿȥÿʮףһġˡڳ¥֮ϣѲߡ
ҿһ󣬸ее㲻֧ˣص˵ϡԸ־˵кܶľͷˣѲߡ־Ҳܲ죺İôֶôأҡҡͷҲ֣ⲻѧȷʵĴˡҿһҪȥץһ֪
ҺǿӿٶȡʱԶԶĿŶĳšڳǰ棬ԼмӰҺ͸־ܸˣҸĽǿʦúԶǱ߲ûлش
Ŀһ¾룬ӦġϽáͨϵǿǽ˰춼ûǿϢҸое㲻ԾղǻϵôϵˣѵǳˣҶԸ־˵е㲻ԣ㡣
˵Ҽӿٶȣ־ظңƬ̼䣬ǵ˶šǸղſЩӰʧˡ־ʵô£أ˵ڶţ
ҡҡͷղŻǵӰӣǺǿϵˡ־üͷɣ˵
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áͨϵǿǻûлӦҲеżųǱһ·ѰҹȥͻȻǱߴ֨ѽѽžȻıˡҺ͸־վ˵ŵǰ棬־˵ô£ǲǸղǿҲѵãֱӹȥˡ
ҡҡͷܣǿôû׵ġĻҲǵġ־üͷô죿ҪҪȥһ룬˵ȷʵʧȥϵҿǻԼȥɡ
־˵ͷСĵ˵šһֱµţҲûʲôһֱ˳ǰǸ֨ѽһȻˡһᣬŴȥִ˻ǵֱ߸ߵĵôҲ֮֨ѽĹˡ
־ЦһƳʱһҳ˵ͣ
ҵеûˡ˽ģоĶߣƽʱϵõĻ飬Ҳ־ҲǲḻҲηֻսˡǻڳŵУѾܵ˳еաй죬ɭ治򵥡֪ǿǵôˣ׳ʲôأ


ʮ »ʳ
Һ͸־һߣһ߲ϵáͨϵǿţǿĳˡ
߳ԶΧǷݣҪķݵͰһЩ濴˿ƷһӦȫӡ
ЦЦѵʵ̫ˡ־ȴҡҡͷðɣúÿǱ߻õķأ
һ㣬Ÿ־ŵĵطȻи̨ǼͷһˣһðȻǸá
۾ֱţյĹѨ档Ȼ߽ǸСԺӣҸȥһǳİС
ҴӴֽȥ̨̨Ȼȵġ˳ԺӣӵĲ鿴ϸȻܶطĺۼҶԸ־˵ˣĵطȻ
־Ҳеܲ죬ץԴȴ˵һֱ߳˽ֵǰǻʳǡʳǺǽߺΰҪС١ҵ˴ţǵǿԽȥǴŽš
ƣ˿Һ͸־˳ҪתĵطͻȻ˻ҸϽͷֻľͷˣҲν˹
Һ͸־һۣӴΪҺ͸־ŻʳǵΧǽܡ˲׷ţнĻŽԽ˦ԽԶǵ΢һ㡣ϾһĶǲõġ
ҶԸ־˵ʳɡҲ֪ͨһֻ֪֪Ҿͺúÿϵоˡ
־˵ãǾȥҪԾͻȻִ˻ˣӭͷ˹
Ҳ׷ҸϽǽ档ȥ־ͻȻһˣ̧֣һֻʸĸ첲˳һû뵽һﾹȻżһʮֵľ׼
ֻһǽʸһǽͷҸղվĵط䵽־ߣҪ˵ļҲ̧˸첲׼ǡһ˵һ־һ߹ȥʸǸվΣִ˻ִ֪ܹˡ˰Χ˵С
ҶԸ־˵ֻܴˡ˵ҷ𣬶ҵֻ֦ʸһӷɵһ˵ǰһֻ˵ǰȥ
˲Ӳһšֻеһ飬һǽϡǸ˺⣬һ֣˹ҲӲӲһת壬㿪˵һ¡
ԭأƷ֪֮ĸļʸһæ㿪ʸӶ˹ֻܲϵ㣬аһļʸҲ̫˰ɣôڻڲͣ䡣
ҶУ͵ۿ˿־־Ķܿ죬ͺһӰӡЩʸһתһһ˵󡣼ʸ˵ϣ˺üֻʸ
˸ں͵ת̧ľȣ㿪ȴԶʼΧתЩʸסˡһ߶ţһֳҫʡǰһ˦һӲסǰһ˵ľȡ
ƴһǸ˷ʮ㣬Ȼûб˼£ǲУһǰ˵һȦͱٽˡ
һһߣֻú¡һ졣ͬʱߡһˡҫʡˡһµ˵ˣĴ֫Ǿ
־Ҳ㵽ҵߣҵԸ־˵ܿ찡־˵Դӱ˽ʬҾ֪ԼĶܿ죬Ը⼸һһиԣġ
ʱĸˣֹͣ˶ǵĹȻߵѾµߣҪһǺܷѾһ־ߣǽȥ
ַǽͷ־ܼҲһ־֣Ѹ־Ҳǽͷһ˻ʳ֮СǸһʳǵУͻȻǿ׺ܶ
һĴȥĴӿ˺ܶСˣЩСֻһ׶ߡϴסһڣҺ͸־ΧסˡͻȻˣЩСӣסġ
ʱһͷӵˣǵĳߴ磬ʵеЦСõָʵǸʲôģҿ˿ǣЩһҲ˵˵Ǵġ
˺һҵȻ֪͵꣬ŮϢġɱۣ
Ļһ䣬ЩСˣˢˢ˱ǡҸϽ˰֣ҶǲǵĹġֻҶ
С˵ɫɣҶǵĹʲô˵㿴ǴӸڵĻʲôûá֪ǲĹˡѰһġ
С˿˿ǣüͷʵҪʲô˵ҪһŹСЦһҪǣһѾˡ˵ŴߵСóһŹӵҵǰŹССĺǿɰ
ҡҡͷȻһŹȻҲᵽѰˡҰѲϵĽ˳˵ҪֻĹа
СҡҡͷֻġҪϲ͸ˡҪǲҪҲûа취ˣ뿪Ȼǲˡ
濴˿˵УȻҾҪҡСˣСһɳ˵ƲԣԷơߣ˵һеСеż䣬ɳСɻһ㣬
ҰвãȻ󣬲ֻҲܡǵص㣿ǿﻹãԽ磬ҿЩʸһ䲻ȥ
ҵԸ־˵ǰܣɱһ·ñǡ־һͷλζǰ汼ȥҲʩչٵǰȥ
ЩСһǲ˷šųǹˣվǰ档ǹǹǡһ֣óˡҫʡ趯ŽʣǰĳǹɱСȺС
С˷׷ϮҲ˺ЩСˣֻҵĹײ־ߣһ磬ںЩҲЩСײ
СȺкֱײҷֱ䵽һĶϡҾӸ濴˿ֻСˣ׷Ÿ־־죬һ磬Щмתš
кܶСˣҽµĽΧסֿ˿мλһ԰ĵطиںϣһܴĹˣҴԸ־еǱܣȹȥҡ


ʮ ֮
һֱɵǸĶϡ־ҲһƵ˹ٿЩСˣȴͣڴ棬ǰһ
Һ֣Ӵȥվ˸־ߣ˵ЩС˲ҽ־ٺһЦǽأǲҹҿ˲ʬ塣
ҿ˿ЩСˡͷվǰ棬СָǣĹǸҳȻǲúЦЦǾһս
С˸ܻǲȥܽȥҿ˿ЩСˣֿ˿ŽյĴС쳣ĽţУǲܽȥҪĶ
Ҹӵĺˣֿ˿ţǴźڶٻ
ҸеƮƮģһԺŴ˹ȥţּŵʱ򣬸־һסҡʵҪȥ𣿡
һ㶣ع˿־˸ղŵĸܡ˵ôٻҡ
־ҡҡͷûٻҾͲ֪ҿĲжڷ⡣һ㶵ͷԼĲӿȥȻƺʲô⡣ҰѲϵĶŷСͷڷ⡣
Ҹее֡ǿ˵СͷڹͷиӦġ֮ǰ͹ͷʱСͷûзӦΪʲôھȻڷ⡣̲סֿ˿ȽյšһҪָеһԺƺںңҴš
ҸϽҡҡͷǸҵԴҡȥ־ңôˣǲǲüͷָָ˵ٻҡ־˿ţȴҡҡͷûʲôǻȥ
ЩС˻ڽеûˡͷС˻ߵĽţ޷ǲǽȥǶǰ󡣿ԽҾԽȥղŵĺֺЩ룬һҧԸ־˵ȥ
־͵ȵĲͷˣһƣžͱƿˡ濴ȥնģƺһûоͷĿռ䡣־ûң˽ȥЩСˣһĲҽСɢӿˡ
ҡҡͷ治֪ΪʲôЩСô¡Һ˺ģҲ˽ȥ
ֵǣſڿʱʲôһͷĴĿţĺΰ϶߸ߵģÿһÿһӡŽ⣬ǲɫ
ڣһȦɫӣһ֪ͭġмһ޴硣Ҳǽɫġһһֻʰ쵵Ĵˣվһ档ҡҡͷֹţ죬ҲҪѹ˵ϡ
ǰһž޴ӣǸҲǽġǸ߸߰ķͷ־˵ӺôĸˡǰǼ̨ס̨·ߣһһɺ͵Ĺơ
ľߵġɫϡȥ˼̨ףӱϿ룬Ǿĺ濴
ŴȦŹıƵĺ档һĺ棬Ϳһ޴ͷͷ׶֮޴쵽Ѫڵ档ֻۣⷭšͷֻ䣬ÿֻֻ۾
֪ΪʲôҿҲе㵨µһŻġﱾĹĶҲⶫΪʲô档˼⡣־Ҳ˹͵ؿǸͷҲһʵʲô
ҡҡͷҲ֪ҪҲ֪־Ҫ˵ЩʲôͻȻУһһ㶡ϸţûн࣬ǵһ¡༫ˡǷ
ҴӺ˳صǰ档Ȼ䷢֣мž޴澹Ȼһˡһǹһ塣Ƿ巢ġ
˵ͷһͷĳסһϮ£һһײһֻߣһһߵ廨
ҳʵ˭û̧ͷһ𣺡һĵˡÿһˡȴʼҲȲ˵ôأ
Һ֣͵͵ͳһšС˵ô죿ҪͼȣҪͲˡ
̧ͷͷɵϣƺڿңҸͿˣ˵ҲԣҵǵȻǲأ
ЦЦҪģôô
ͻȻ̧ͷɢ䵽ߡмһǾһһʲôҲûеûбû죬û۾Ҳûüëһûнг˵Ѿˣ㻹ʲôˣ
վĸȳơֻӰҲǸߴʡˣҲǰɡһҪ˵ҵġǻԶһֻ谮һˡΪʲôأֻһ˶
Һ֣˵ƺǸˣȻеڣҸҿǸˡ˵ôİԹһ˻ؼҵԹ
־͵͵һ£˵ڵ˭룬˵ѵٵ죿ҵһǸһʵ˵󵨣Ȼֱϵ䣬ǲˡˣһһס
־˵ǹйŮ˺һеƨ֪νĶǲǹ˵ţˣ֪óһͭóһ֦ʡžһ߻Լһ˵Ҫһϡ
Һ͸־Ǹˣ֪Ӧôźáһ̧ͷǣʵ𣿻ϻϲ𣿡
ҿһŻ߰һŻ¡ǿָоѹȥ
üͷ˵ĻѾˣ㲻ٵˡϽȥͶ̥ɡϹ󹤷ˡ
һΣȻҵǰһץסҵ죬˵˵ʲô˵ʲôϲŲġ
ĿңŵһζζҺϤǡѲݡ͡յơζһζ˵ϣô˵˾Ͳǹˣһʬ
ֲ˵˵˾ˡѾ˼ˡӣʲô
˱ŭˡٵϣЩٶŲλáŸӵܡһҵϴƮȥ㿪˵֣ҲƮȴһֱţֱҵĺץ
һأһתһǡβȥҵĽŴŷȥ˾ȻŷƮһ޴ϴ


ڶʮ 
һ㶣û뵽һﾹȻôᡣǼһƮڰСҷ˹ȥץס֪һķ磬ȻŪøԶˣ֣ץ
ͻȻͷתǹɡѲݡ͡յơζˣʬŵһѣΡ䵽ϣһġ
ʱĸ־Ҳ˹ԼٶȣƮڰеǸȥǸһЦ־ķɽŴķ͵˸ߵĵط־ֻ̧ͷ̾
ҸоԼһ㣬˻ԴǸˣƣЩС˲ҽѵˣһȻˣȻе߶߶ģûʲôɱЩСʲôأ
ʱתУζŨˡȻ֮ǰڡ塱ôĸʬҲʹζǲ֪ΪʲôûζôŨŨҸеԼǳѡҸоζҵ嵱У£ȴ²ֻԺġ
ҡţŸ־ģпǸ־ûʲô¡ҽе־㶥һ£еԺҳȥ־شʲôҲûֱŴĶȥ
ԺߵűߡŴţžȻһ㣬ôƶһҧһֻеȷһ˵ϡҸеƤԽԽأֻ۾ˡҸԼ˯˯ҵ۾ҵԴеͲҵģԺʧȥ֪
ҸеԼص˼УСһͶҵĻҽرͻȻ޵úġҲô嶼ܰá
żˣôˣˣΪΪʲôҪأ̧ۣ˵Ϲǵĺûˡ
һĸﱾ΢΢¡ġڱƽƽġһʱҲɵۣôô˵һУʹ
絶ıˣûˣҪһƿңϹûˣҲҪˣӴԺҲˡټˡ
˵ţҿһĲϡһӰˡס̫ˡûסҿԶȥܹȥ׷ͻȻԼ°տյģҵȾȻˡֻһӶ˫֣ҪץסҲô뿪ҡ
Ŀ޽ڶߣҿȴΪҵ絶ûˣҲûˡһŸʲô뵽ҷԼһտĵطʲôûУҪҲѣһһᣬ뵽ҧԾİ취˺ģһҧԼͷ
һ£ͬСɣ۵һһ˳һ˹ԭղһΣ쳣еʵżµξȻģͷϵʹʵʵڴŵģͷѪ
һ˻ԴΪҧͷԵʣѵĶˡע⵽ԼĴĻȻвࡣһڰֿտĵطһЩĹԼĿΧΧյģ˵Ĺ¶С
ʲôط߶һ¿ŷ֣̱ڵϣȺҵģķ˵ϡһҵֻˣҾһ亹Ͻ˹ڹڡù֫Сһͺһ޷ԽĸɽôҲȥһĴΣÿһζ޷ȥֻա
ʱҷҵĲϵĹͷҾһ˵ˣˡĻйͷǼһﲻϲſԵأ
ҾĿܣܿյģһŲ˼¡ֳվûгɹ̾˿ڣֻüڵ̯šһղŵ־ȥأ
ҽһ˻ʲôûСʹҸееңһϴļһͰҸӣǺֲ֪ܶȥҽ첻Ӧеز顣õ˵Ǹϴһġסǹͷǿ¸־ҲΣˡǿʦүЩʲôطأ
ţϵĹͷһһ˿˿ȶȡ־ĿܣûпʲôͻȻǰ׹⡣һʲô۾׹ıϡֳСһİ׹⣬һһ濴ֻޡ
ǼһҪʲôЩȴûпһͷǰ׹ɵĺĻһĶ澹ȻŻ档ҿǿʦˡ˱۾һƺǻ赹ˡǵһɫӡǷĻѡҺڷ֪ʲô˵ߣѷźֲܶǡѲݡ͡յơ
һ㶣аҪʲôѵҪ˱ɸʬǾΪʲôûʦүѵʦүˡʦүȥΪʲôʦүӳȥֻʦүŪεģ
ѵʦү˹ؼߺŵ˼ʲôģֻһǹؼߺšչǵꡣ
ϸһ£Ӧֻʣͷˣ˹ؼߺţǵһź͵ڰ˺šҲϵСͷͣطȻ⸽йͷֻǲ֪һ
ţһ֪ǻʲô𣿡һ㶣ΪͻȻ˵ҲΪʵ⡣Ϊ˵ҿԿ϶Ǹʦүģ˵ĶϾ䣬ٴ춼ʦүġ
ҴؽеʦүҪʲôѵҪǱɸʬԣԡ
ʦүЦϻˣǩԼҾͷŹǡɣ˵һŰֽҵǰüͷаôҸϽĬ˹һ޷Խǲ谭ӶǶˣҲܲɡһҪ취
뵽ˡٻϧǡٻͲҵϡ뵽˰ٻͻȻ뵽˲ϵСͷȻû񵤣ҿҲԳе
뵽ҺһʦүʦүҲǹѵģΪʲôңߣǩⶫǩ벻ǩҶסǵȥɣ
˵ұ۾ĬĬ
ʦүƺģ˵ȰϽǩԼѾͲΪʬֻ֮ܵ࣬㲻ΪԼ룬ҲΪɡ
ҲΪɱ۾˵ĬĬ˶ϵĹͷϣ͵͵ĺ͹ͷ˵ЩʲôѾˣѾ뵽ҵ״̬˵ʲôˣûãֻԼܶ˲Żбİ취
Ҹеʼѭʱ򣬻ãǹԽԽ࣬ѾеزˣͺҪըһ


ڶʮһ 
ҸеһƤԴʹ˲٣ҪըӡҸеֵܣҲ
ҸϽתϢŸе˺ܶ࣬ЩҴŪܵҪֻܽҧأ֧šеԽԽҡ֪ˣҪ취Щ߰Ĺ
ҿʼԼƽľԼһЩƽŴ󺣣ԭգҵƽϵĹҲʼ˳Ĺ鵽ϵľһ˿˿Ĺ֫͸һʼֻһ㣬žԽԽˡ
ҿʼеˣʲôǧ֮ѨȻĺܽҸղôĹȻûг忪û뵽ھȻ͸ȥȥĶˣҲҺ˷ܣ¸ӲżŹȥ
ĹĹԽˡڵе谭ʧˡҵȻָˣԶˡҺǸˣʱ򲻽ȣԶˣҸеҲǿ˲٣һǶĶˡ
ԸˣʦүôǩǩǷԼ˵Ҷ֪˭ΪʲôҪǩʦү˵ѵʶҵ𣿡Һһ㣬ǲǩġҲʶѵ㲻֪ҵƢ𣿡
֮˵һʱ䣬ԼĹָĸһЩоҶһĻɡȻҺϤʦүһģһе㲻ԾһʦүĻҪңͲҪȵڡѵΪҵĹٶ֡ȷһ¡
ʱҾǰһΡһӰҵǰҿ˵ֻǿһΣεǺʦүơҵǰζһ£ҿһӰĲ棬źӣ˵˰ɣǩ˰ɣǶʦүҲûпʦүӣ飬ȻţԽԽˡ
װȻûкãǰ˼¡ֽıϣԼǸӰ˵ǩ֮ĻŹǣ˵˵ͷЦЦҲŹ㡣ƺһתҡ
һͬʱһ֣ҫʡѾҵСŷ˳ȥȥ˶һ£ƺû뵽һͻȻҵĶܿ죬ûǸ˻عѾߣһӡҫʡбĴȥ
ûһӴԴһϸһŷǸͲһˣһ˰壬ͺƤӰϷһ㶣ôʦү֪йŹ֣û뵽ĳˣͦġ
üͷֺαضġ˺ٺһЦҸеж̧ͷϿȥһӰӴҸæһԣҫʡϳȥ
ӰӲأҵġҫʡסֻеҫʡûһķոûвʲô
͵һǸоһȴе棬һվҵǰ˶һЦץһ뻹֣ŵֵζصζء
ҸղžģڻϵߣܡҸϽתáϢҳһšʬǸһ˹ȥ
ΪҸоһ͸ղŵǸסһǹʬȻ֡Ѳݡ͡յơζҾáʬһԡʬһ֣ǸӰ˹ȥ
ǼһһҿһŲҰ׵һҲûٵ˵Ѻ֮ǰǸסֿһǸоǲһˡƺЩɵʬ
Ʈȥ֣Ҵһӱʰڵأŷ֣ǾȻͷ˼ͷûаôƮƮƮ
ۿǼһƮһҫʡĴ˹ȥǼһһ¶ˣȥһһҲУһϱСҫʡɨ˹ȥ
ǼһƵĶҫʡȻֻҪķһǸˣ˾ͻ΢΢ȻĶ㿪Ի˲
ѵǼһһҲûУҵĶᣬһǻ磬ȻǼһҲԶһǹš
ĴҺǾġĴȥҪۡͣס˶ָֻ˶һ㡰ζһ㡰ζ𡱻һСǸһȥ
ǼһѾŤæܵһһʦүţȥǶɡƮʬһ㶣ΪҴûĶҸϽ˦֣еġҫʡӰУǸһȥ
ۿšҫʡסǼһһǼһ½һЩһΣȻӡҫʡѳһ˦ǼһﾡȻܵˣҸϽڿնǸһȥ
ҵڶ֪Լʲôطұҵ·׷Ǽһķһ󣬿ʼ׷ϡԭ͸ղŵһǵĶķҸ޷һʱҲ֪ôźá
ʱͻȻ֣һһֱںȦȦȥô¡ͻȻеͻȻ˺ܶӰӣǰǸһ࣬µƮš
ܿȥ֪ʲôʱܶˡһȺûٵİ˷Χָоǹ졣ҸϽȥЩҲȥվҵܡû˵û˶ǲǻĶ֪
ܿţеһĪѹͻȻеİ˶ҵķ˹ĽУúáӶеġҫʡΧЩ˴ȥ
һʯǧˣЩ˺һŵֽƬշҵܷţû뵽ЧȴеЩҵİǷָףʹϴʹ
֪ЩƮļһʵѲϽͳ˷ֽϡʬ˹ȥһĶ㿪ˡʬȴеϱǻƵĵطĵۡ
ҸϽ˶һ㡰ζϣԶ㡣ǲûж㿪еһˣȻıҵġζ𡱵ˣ漴鲼ȫдİҷɣֱֱķҡͬʱҲߵİҲȼˣҷ
ʱҲ˼ԼĴȻҵŵǰˣǻջǻʱջءζѾˣЩƺǳȼƬ̼䣬Χǻ⡣
һУϽ֮󼪣ʹܷһɱЩ˻ģûŻİˣظں棬ǰһƬڰҲ֪ԼʲôطҲ֪ԼҪȥֻ֪ҲͣһͣͻᱻΧסͻᱻ


ڶʮ ֺۼ
˺һӣİɽ档Ҹе֣ﵽʲôطΪʲôûоͷһڵٶȣҪܳʮĹҲûôΪʲôһǿͷ
ͻȻҵǰ洫һ졣һҵǰһˣǵȥҷǺһšҸӸˣô˵ǿˡ
ҸյűߣͻȻǰһ硣ҵٶȺܿ죬ͻȻ⵽ϮѶ㿪ֻһüӭȥֻܶ䱣ˣǶȻֹȻҲͣסˣһִֻҵļϡһ˹㰡û°ɣ
ǸϤȻźСǸ־һڣ˵ãô־˳˵ûʲôֻЩһᡣղһתĹûˡҺҡ
ҿǹǸ־ֵ磬־ȥŷǽǸڵλã档ǰֵֻޡٿ־ͻȻǸסƮƮڸ־һԸ־˵Ǹס󡣡־˵ͷʾ֪
Ÿ־ҸղųĵطЩҲƮȻҸϽվ˸־ߣ׼һ֡Ǹ־ͻȻֻ֣Щ˽˼ֵ֣ЩȫͣסˣȻû۾ǺڿŸ־
־ֽ˼ЩһƮЩ˻ĹƬ̼䣬Щ˻İ˻ΪСʣµЩˣλΣ˵ڰУˡ
ҿ˿־ô£ղŽʲô˼־˵ǻȥˡҺǲ죺Ϊʲôģ־ЦЦҲʬԾҵˣҸղ˵ʬ
һԴ˵ˣˣ˵ʬǡƮʬҲǶԵġ־ٺٵЦЦָָǸסҲ£־˵ͷ
Ұ˵һ£ֶԸ־˵ҸղžǸеһԺȥ͸͸ʲô֪ˡ
־˵ǱѲݡ͡յơζԻˡȥ㿪ǵš˵ָָҳǵš
ҿ˿ǵţֿ˿棬˵ô˺ܾöܲ
־˵治󣬲ԶҲΪתȦһȻԭ˼ҵԻˡҶԸ־˵Ǹסǲģ
־˵ͷ˵л־Ǹס˵ͷǸסƮȻ£תǰ档Һǿмϡ
ҶǸסʵ˭ס˵ҵֽӢҵ˵ͷ˵ΪʲôӢ˵˵ʵҲ֪ΪʲôֻȻϡһȾǺþá
ȻҿӢӣҿԸоĳ顣ʵ˭ӵģ˭ϻ˵ģ
Ӣ˵СҵģҲǻϵˡ˵ϲˣҪҵҩȻԾǸҲһҪͻһ𡣲Сһ취ҵȡ˳һԺͻһҾͱˡ
üͷǸС˭Ӣ˵˵ˣҲǻϵˡ˵֪кܶ࣬ܶࣿӢҡҡͷˣ˵ϵ𣿡ҡҡͷʲôҲ֪֪㲻ˣʬǡƮʬǧĲȴȲĻϡĻϵĹѾûˡ
Ӣ̾˿˵ղʬѾ˵ˡȻҡʬǲƭҵġ
ҿ˿־һۡ־΢΢ĵ˵ͷ־֮ǰѾ˵ˡҼ˵ǱкܶġƮʬǲǶǱС꺦ģ
ӢҡҡͷҲɡʵŻҲͦõġѾˣνˡ
ʵΪʲôȥӢ˵ôȥأǵôҸ򲻿ҵ˵ͷʵЩСʲôˣ
ӢҡҡͷСҲֻ֪
а̾Ҳǰʣ˺Ϳֻһնѡ˵ҽȥǸţбĵط𣿶ˣǸСƭʲôط
Ӣ˵ǳеĻʳǣ߶аţҾƭߵİŵСҺ͸־һۣһȥ
־ǽϸĿ˿ҵһ϶ĺеš־һţİǵ߿ˡһڶſ¶˳־óֵ㣬աȻ˽ȥ
Ҳ˽ȥһֵζСѲݡ͡յơζһŻζҳ˳ʵʲôζ־˵ζһüͷô֪
־˵ŹζҲˡ˵ָָǰ档ҿǰ棬һӡǸ¯ӡһ㣬ҸղſκҸϽĴѰңϣҵǿǡ
ܿյģûǼˡϸؿ˵棬ŷ֣ȻЩۼӦקĺۼһѾ˴ˡ
̾˿ˡֿ˿˵Ӧûбĳڡ־˵ͷֵĴҿԿĿռ䲻Ǻܴ󣬵յģǽҲûʲôûʲôڡ
־ҡҡͷ˵ղǱߣһֱǸ˵˵ʦүһģһҿľµУҲûʦү־ʵΪʦүģ
˵һʼҲôģʼղϳҡҾˡһ֮ơһʦүġҪǲµòǸһһǷӢ˵ǸСꡣ
־ң˵ǸСһֱҡҡͷǲһҲʲôرĳڣȥɣĹУӦкܶĻأһָƣû
־˵ѵҲǽʬԻôꣿҡҡͷҲǣҲǡһԿ϶ͷһ־˿ңҼ˵һҪϽҵǿǣȻΣա
־˵Ǽһȥģˣһͨġǽûһķ϶ͨأ
Ҷ˶񣬽ӹ˸־ֵ硣ڵϸѰһķשеĺۼ̡ܶмĵطȻֹǰߣûеĺۼ
һԴԼ̫ǽûУڵеĺۼ˵ĵطҸϽй־һڵѰš
ʱҷǽߵĵשЩͬשм䣬һСשҵ˵ͷǻء


ڶʮ ʦү
ҰѸ־еߣǻһȡϴ죬һ¶˳־ֵ˹ȥĿʲô
ȥһĄ̇סһ֮һСռ䡣һ;е㲻Ծһֱ˶ŵĸо
Ҫ͸־˵ҵĸܡͻȻҷֺڰУһӰҵǰƮϸһǾһͷӰӡһ־ȥ־⣬ֵĹǱ˹ȥ
ֵѩĵƹ£ҿǰһ˫ͷˡµǸһͷһһʦүӡ־ͺһʲô
˫ͷʦүҲǣһͷ˵ôˣû°ɣüͷһ壬־Ѿˡһȭ˫ͷʦүһͷϴȥʱͷϳ˲һı飬˵ǸһľȣһͷȻȭƮ
ʦү֣˸־ȭͷϣ־ʦүͬʱһʦүеʲôΪʲôһҾͳ֡Ҷʦүʹһɫʦү͵ػͷŷԼϷƮһԼ
ʦүȻǱһͺһʲô˵ŷ־һƣоȻ˻棬ǸԼȥǸʦү͵ƮȥûںڰС
ʦүû׷վԶȥԼðβתͷ˵ʲô
Һ͸־û˵ʦүʦү˵ôˣʦүҺ͸־ǲ˵ɿʦүʦүӣ˵ôôˣǲǻҡ
˵е㻳㣬ʵҲǻ㡣ֻǺڼٰ㣬һʱֲαʦүźӣ˵⵹ҲǣղǸʲô⣬ҳһôƮƮġ
ûлشʦүʵǳʲô飿ʦү˵ȥ֮ǿ˵ǻزˣǾȥ̽һ½ûҵǣȴҵһڡǾ˳ȥһ߹һźܶĻȡ֡ǸˮŪǶˮҺǿòײŴȥȻǳһұϡɽʳǡ˵͵ĻʳһġֻС˺ܶࡣʱǶ˷ܡҴұȥһֱߵ˶ǿ˵ϵˣ˵ǻǾſڵһ¡ǿɳԡҳһеҲвȥ֣ʱȫˡҸϽѰңûҵʱ򣬻ʳǵĴͻȻˡҾͽˡ
ʦү˵ͷβӦʦүûʵʲô𣿡ʦү˵ЩľͷˡЩһﵹǺߴ򣬻кܶࡣʱĸֶΧңҺòײҵǵţԭЩˡз䡣ֻҪõϵķ䣬ЩһͶˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Һ͸־ҲЩˡӲġԭǵз䡣ʦүóһ˵ӦԬķ䣬еéɽеġֽȡֽ߼öࡣ
ҽӹ˷ֽ˿ʦү˵Ҳ˻ʳǣһֱײġûҵһǳ˺ܶСˣЩС˺ܶ࣬׷ᡣһֱڻʳܣ֪ҿҾ˽û뵽ѡЩС˾Ȼҽ
ʦүĻûһҺͺ͸־ľࡣûʲôɻɵġʵôģʦү˵ڴмӶ淢һšҾͽˡкܶĲҩǡѲݡ͡յơҸе֣Щĳ˵ʬûпʬϸѰһûҵʬҵһءҾˡֻ֮ǰѾת˺ܾˡܴӡ
־˻ֵʵֵأͷƣʦү˵ЩС׷ɱʱ򣬵ˡղһֱܹҲû£е㷢ɡͻȻ뵽˸ղʦүһʦү˵˵ˣ㱻ղĶԻˡ
ʦү˵ǰʲôҡҡͷҲ˵ãӦǡƮʬֻһ
ƮʬʦүеղǸǻƮʬǿϡƷֻ֣һЩżϿû뵽ֶһҪץһ
ҿ˷쳣ʦү֪˵ʲôźá־˵ҵЩ˵ɡʦү˵ͷ˵أ˵ǸźۼġҿӦþ
ʦүҡҡͷת˺ܾˡûʲô֡־˵ղţ¬һУҲ˺ܾãһֱתȦҿ¬ࡣǸǡƮʬзġ
ʦү˵ͷǺúҡ˵ͳһһܶȻûи־ֵҲ˸˸Ź⡣ϸһһӡ
ʦү͵ǰµõģһĹҵһҹ顣ԱаɷġЦЦôõĶղôã
ʦүЦЦҪûǣҿ¾ˡղһֱԺģûбʶֻ߳ȥǣͷѶˡ
ڵϸѰţϹȻкܶӡǣǶǳһĺۼӦʦүµġ
Һ͸־ƹʦүµĺۼһֱߵǽϡһǽϣһֵĺۼǸۼԶĵطȻͱмֵĸˣǿµġô˵һ
ʦүҲ˹˵һлءǸϽҡϸѰһ󣬿Ǻ޽ͻȻ뵽ղǸƮʬصδأҶʦү˵᲻棿
һ㶣־ֵƵ档ʦүҲеҹ߸ߵľ𡣾Щҵ棬ǿ϶Ȼ档ҷ𣬷ɵǷ϶һƣһϵķ塣ҷ˽ȥ滹ǺģҺʦүѸ־Ūȥ
Ǹһͣȣ;жƮĿۿǸĺʦүһģһġƮʬƮǸϽ׷ȥ׷˲ԶֺڰӰڶš
־ֵιҿ˺ͺǸһļһϵֻ۾ѾתǣݺݵĿҡǶһֵٴλιҿǸ޶ŵľȻǡͷʱġͷĸëֻ۾ɵԲʱȥơз˵ͺ
ǿˡͷܸˡͷҲңƸ׺ȻһֵУǿˡͷ󣬻ˣȻǿʦԡǸӾϲҵˡ
һҲ֪ͷغǡҶʦү˵Һ͸־ﲶͷ㿴ôˣ


ڶʮ 
ʦүһͷǷֱ·ʦүˡͷҺ͸־롰ͷͷ˿ҡβҡţҶšͷЦЦ
ֻޣͻȻǰһǸϽʰ񣬼šʱֻ޵Ķϵֻ۾˹âΪղһŪʲôӰ񡣿û뵽ͻȻһƺֻǰצһŵأȻ˹Ƕȫ䱸ţ˹ǲŷ֣ǼһǰצȻ˵һָֻ׳ĺܡ
ͷȥޣڰײһ޵򡰲ͷʺȥ־е㵣ġͷһΣ޵·һȭ޵ĶӴȥұҲ㰡ȥæҷǸʦүһģһġƮʬ͵ڰ֮У޺͡ͷи־ϵı֡
ҵǸһʲô춯ҲҶضǼһ޼־æΪ⣬ֻ۾ֻ䣬һתתŸ־׹һ˳ֱ־ҵ˵־Сġ־Ķܿ죬һ㿪׹ڵС
ͷͷһͷ޵°ײȥûж㣬ͷݺݵײ°ϡޱͷôһײͷҲ̧ˡʺ¶˳ͷͷһᣬ޵ĺҧȥ
֡ҫʡҵУһ֡ҫʡŰеǸƮʬȥΪƮʼվһвҫʡϢǸƮʬȥ
ǡƮʬˡҫʡʱ򣬡ҫʡѾ˽ǰǡƮʬƺһֵֿһۣƮȻȥʧںڰС
ٻͷǱߵսͷһҧǸ޵ĲϡҵľΪ֮һ񣬡ͷĴǼģ൱֮һȥǲ޵Ĳҧϣ޿Ҳʲôý
Ҷߴһ죬ڿǱߣͷ޵ֻһǰצ˿һߡǸ޵ʺ֪Ǹ޵ʺһʲôٿͷһŪòᣬͣҺϡ
ǰӶšҫʡǸ޵ͷȥһǰץһץסҵġҫʡû뵽Ȼǰצץסҵġҫʡ͵һץֻ޾Ȼվſȫ
ǼȫɫëϺһɫĿסֻǰצ֣Ⱥʨӵĺȡ׳ţһӡҫʡһ˴˹ҵ㱻ȥҸϽ˶޿š
һߵĸ־޵ߣһȭ޴ȥ޵һֻǰצŸ־ȭͷȥ־һ㿪޵ǰצһ޵Ķȥ
ҽ͵һҫʡ޵屻һΡ־ĽҲʵʵ޵Ķϣ޻˻壬Ȼûʲô¡ȻŭǿУðֻһҶһİ׹˹
ҵĶš־ţҰѹһ͵ˡҫʡ֮ϡҫʡһͦñֱ޵ѳصҵС洫֮ҸϽ˺棬ʱǿʦԶϵĴ磬ǿһߴ磬һ߱Թţʲôôˡ
һǶˡǸˣһ߽䱸ĿǸޣһ߶֮ǿ˵ѹˡ
־͡ͷҲ˻һĿǸޡ˻޲׷ϣվԭأðֻ۾ǡ
תͷǿ˵ô£ǣǿҡҡͷ˵ʲôʱģǸʲô˵ָֻޡ
ʦҲһͷˮʵǰ˵һʱҲ˵ǿһ˵˱ʦүǿűʵʦүõĵʲôó
ʦүһǡʬԱܼɻǿûԵѡʬ嶼е
ʦ˵ллʦүôõĶǵĹ챦˵ûǿһôʱ챦ˡǸһʲô
ָֻޣ˵ǲ֪Ϊʲô˵ֲţһı顣
ҿʦүôˣô˵ʦүҲҡҡͷ԰Ӧ˵һҵĿԣ˼ڶŸؿ˵ǣǶǡ⥡ʦүԣ㵹֪³ʲô
ʱѾڴϢָ˵µǿɡҭҡǿҡҡͷϧˣҵɡǿǺö
ҸϽ׷ʵôʶǸ˵¬־ᵽ˵ġڴ米󣬾޵ͷĹޡػĹأػĳһֶ¬˵ֻǻҿģѵֶҪŪȥǲֶһµ֣
ҿһԣ˵˵Ĺĳֶʲô
ãȻҡҡͷ¬û˵Ҳֻ֪˵ػʲôӦ÷ǳҪĶɣ
š⥡˿Ǽһַֻ۾ǣûй˼ػʲôӡһʲôأѵҪĶ
룬Լ˵ڴҶˡϢһ°ɡʦԶееͷؽᣬûкص˵ϡֻǿûʲôˣҰѸղŷֻü򵥵˵һ顣ǿŵ˵ͷ˵ղڳɣʦүȥ֣֮ʲô֪ˡˣʲôôԵǣ
Ȼ֪˵Ҳɣҵңһ·׷Ȼ¶˶֡ǿ˿ʦүʦү㿴Ǹ㳤һġƮʬ𣿡
ʦү̾˿ǿˣһ룬ĵطͻȻһԼһģһļһʲô顣֡ƮʬʧľƷ֡Ҫټһץס治ĹȻĶ
ǿָָġ⥡ʵô죿ҪǺ°ɣҡҡͷãҲǸñ취ŪˣҵػĶȽϺá
ǿ˿ǣ˵˭ҩأҶҡҡͷʦүȴ˵ҸģǸúһĶʦүһ˵ҲˣǰǼһȥˡΪʲôʦүһģһأ
ʦү˵ʱ򣬡ͷػǡͷĶ˭أĸƮģ⥡


ڶʮ ͤ
һĵ˵ͷʦү˵ЩġҰѡͷеߡԡͷ˵ղڶԸ˭ֻ⥡ǺʦүһǸƮʬ
ͷſŭŬ죬һ⣬˵ڶԸǡƮʬͷ˵ͷ
ʦү˵ͶˣǸһġƮʬһ⡣Ҫ֪һʲô·
ҿ˿⥡˵Ҫһ㶨Һ֪ػʲôǿ˵ǲΪػľεĶ
ҵ˵ͷô룬Ȼ֪ػŶȻҪǿ˵һôףŪ²ῴػĶˡģȻһμޣҵ治˺
Ϊѣʦү˵ŪҲǺѡ˵ţӿڴóһҩݸˡ˵ǡؾ衯ҲŨľƾֻҪȥһģʱ򣬾ôˡ
ǿЦЦʦүıǶࡣôŪǸһأʦүЦЦ˵Ҳð죬ֻҪյſͣȻܰ⡮ؾ衯ĿУˡ
ǿһԴЦ⵹ҲǡҶʦү˵ȥ죬°ɣ
ʦү˵ͷˡ⥡ǰһҹȥվĿҡǰһݣš⥡ȥ⥡ϵֻ۾һ׹ת㿪ҫʡУš⥡ͷϳȥ
⥡ҵġҫʡ͵ǰצҫʡץһ֣ҫʡı˷򡣡⥡һץˡһ֣ҫʡһֱߣֱ򡰰⥡͡
⥡ȻϵһţšҫʡҧȥʦүһߺٺһЦһ֣ҩ衣ҩɽġ⥡ĿСһϽˡҫʡ˻ȥʦү˵ϾͻЧ
Ȼӣǡ⥡ʼҡֻ۾Ҳʼ£˹ȥǡ⥡ںҿ⣬ǿӣ֫ѾʹˡòվҡҡλεģͣȻһáһŨҵľζǳ˹Ƕˡ
ǡ⥡ĵǰһԵڵϣֻ۾ˡҴʦүġؾ衱ĺáˡ⥡ߡһ˻ͷ⥡Ҳ
ǲûʲôҺƣһ飬ûʲô֡üͷǿʵôʲôҡҡͷûжʦү˵Ҳ¶һϣʦʴ𣺡ƾʲôµأʦүЦЦһֱ뿪˵档ҿӦȥ￴
ҸϽˡ⥡£ĵשȻǺͱ𴦵Ĳһƿשһӡó˺ӣصǿǱߡǿֵʦүź˵һǺö򿪿ɣ
Ҵ˺ӣ澹Ȼһֽչֽ֡Щ־ϤдǡͤʦһУҵ죬Ūôһš˭ܿõ
ʦүӹͤ򡷣ֿһӡ¶˲ı顣Ҫ֪֮漣ıʦǰ֮ˣв֮顣
ע۲ʦүʦүıȻĮȴеĹ⡣ǡͤҲǴߡֻǿֵںûۡ
ҶԼ˵ⶫܴȥǻ⥡ɡȻЩʦүǰѡͤ򡷷ŵ˺档ݸҡ
ҵ˵ͷѡͤ򡷷ŵ˺档ַŻˡ⥡ڵλϡ⥡Ȼˣ۾΢΢ſˣƺڿҡҶ˵ûж⣬ֻҪȵĶ㡣
⥡ͷ΢΢Ķһ£ת˻ȥǼһ£ԭ·ءֵ磬ԭ·˳ȥһֱ˴ڡ˶ûĴšǸκʹ硣
ʱ򣬷ӢϢĳ棬˶һֻʦү¶˿ɫӶԷӢҲǺܸȤҸϽ򵥵Ľһ¡˾˵Ӣͦģǰסǳҳϵģ볯ٺ˵ˣҲˣû뵽ʹķʽġ档
ʵôףˣ˵ˣһʣ˵ԼԸģһȵġ
üͷʦүһ˵ҿ¬ղ˵ǸƭӢС꣬ӦҲָʹ¶ġ룬ʦү˵еġСͷӢԩûбҪôǼ䷿濴ôġƮʬ걻һ١ӦΪ
ǿ˵쵽˵ν¬о˵һһµĻʳǡû뵽Ǵĵط¬˵ʬӦͣ޹
ʦ׷ʵ޹ʲôطأһ˼˵޹Ӧڴĺ档Ǹ˹԰԰ĺ档üͷ΢壺кܶСˣ̫öԸֲ˵ǣ֪ʲô취
ҿ˿ˣֻʦү͸־֪˶ҡҡͷʾûа취ֻ˵ֻҺǿɳȥ̽Ȼָǡ
ǿ֪ʲôСˣЦ˵ʲôųӡǳȥҵ˵ͷһῴġ
ֶ˵кܶĻغͰšҡղڵλһ֪֪Ե˵ͷ֪ԲڷǰհԵķλ޽ġÿһλ϶һšӦˣǬޡ㡢롢ҡ˸λֻһţߴˣǳȥġ
ҡҡͷɡֻҪԭ·ؾˡҴߵҽĸ򣬴ǵšȴӦеľ󡣶һڵĿռ䡣һ㶣ͷ˿ԣô
ʼ򣺡߽û⣬һͺ뵽һС߳ȥҪƵ󷨡Ȼǳȥġ
ǿ˵㻹ʲô󷨰ҡҡͷ̫ˡ¬û˵ôƣֻ˵˵˼Ҳ֪ôưɣ
ǿ˵磬֪ô£ȴ֪ôƣе㡭һ޹ҿ˿ʦүʦǶλ취ɣҪ˵ĲλװӦеоɣ


ڶʮ ӳ
ʦ˵֪㣬Ĳȷֶʵ¡Դ˵Դ֮׵ķˣ̫ͼڹԪǰǧİʮҵİաɽ桯Աʾ仯ϵͳһ̺ķţմȻ仯ƽϣɰֲͬʽԡڰԲҪйɫʣںĻһռʱϵĹߡÿһδһǬ죬أף磬ˮ޴ɽҴ󡣰ԾֻεĴڴﶼװȥˣ⴦ȻǸ󣬿νָһ㡣ǲ˵ںδҪĳĹСҸûпǺжϡʦүǴģڻʳи˽⣬ǿоһ¡
ʦү˵ͷ˵ҽʱҲ⿴֮ǱϣҲûпøСʳǵмͺǸγмλãͼе㡯
׷ʵôǲǿƶϳأ
ʦүҡҡͷǣ㣬νԣͷֺܶ֡ѧҪǡסĴɽ̴ĹءܴףϤףΪ׾״Ϊԡԡԡ
ǿӿ˵ǰɣô֣
ʦүҡҡͷĵģԻԽУϣŹͼ顣еı仯޾ġ̫ͼͬԲڵԲΪ磬ȵʾ໥ϵúɫðɫǰҹıʾͷиۣͷиۣʾﶼ໥ת͸ϣˣִѧкìܶͳһɱʾԲĿɷΪķݶΪΪ̫̫ռĶϱʱĴﶬκһìܼģ͹ΪšŴѧΪ졢ءΪţѧ˵ϣһ㣬֮˵Բľ͹֮˵ϷΪ𣬱ΪˮΪľΪмΪҲΪľҰ׻ΪǰȸϷΪ𣻺䣬ΪˮϼԲĳΪǡͨһΪзֹ֣ɰͼԷλʾΪǬϡ붫Ҷϣ𶫱ϣ
ǿѾܲٺͣˣǰɣôʦүЦЦⲻۣϸĻиࡣоһҲδܿһ߰
ǿ˵Ҳһˣֻ֪Ӧôȥ
ʦү˵ͼ𣿡Ե˵ͷӱó˸ϵоͼʦүͼϸؿһ˵İǺ;ŹġžͲֹһ
ǿЦˣǲ˵ϵļʺܴˣһԣʦҡҡͷֹǿʦүǸ˼ʦү˼˵ҪϾŹͰԵſԡȥɶԡ
ǿҡҡͷоɡн͸һ˵ţóɳ
Ҷʦү˵ûʲô취أʦү̧ͷ˵ţеüĿ˵ҲǺܼ򵥡ǵ£ǻʳɽ£λǶӦɽڡλмھŹо֡塯ҿҪ߸λˡ
ǿ˵λںδȽ־վ˳ȥɡʦүָһλ˵Ǳߡ־һ˹ȥƿǵšʦүҲ˽ȥҲ˽ȥ
һƬڣšֵ磬ǰչȥǰһźһȡʦүȥӦһ˳ȥ
ǻ԰ǰ治ԶǸ档ǶһҶԼ˵Һǿȥǵһ¡
˵˵ͷҺǿһطź˹ȥȻں滹һֵķӣǷĴСֻ״֡һεĽŷһԺӣǺĺԺǿҵ˵ǲ޹
ܿ˿ֻط֡ǿ˵ȥһʾ֪ˡǿ˵ͷǵͷķȥǾͷܶСˣʦүǶš
Ҷǿ˵ȥСˣǴ޹ǿһͷ·ȥҳһȥȺС˵ĺ档˶ؽеأץҰЩС߿˹
һͷĿһСܹһеһС׷չiһȥǺšЩСںšҸӴȳּϡiЩС˸׷ҡ
ת˼ȦͰһС˵˦ˡҷǱǿżҲ޹ǱȥСһ·׷٣ʱķСں棬еΣա
ҸϽ٣䵽Եߡһߴߴԣһ߻ӶšҫʡЩСұţԺöˡֻǰܡ
ͻȻǰʦү͵ͣסˡеѱǰ档һͷһһȺС˳ǵǰ档һӵСǵص˹Сʵ̫ܼˣҸϽ֣ҫʡŲ˵ſоȥ˺ܶļʸ
ǿһ̧һʽͯӰݷ𡱽Ҳ֮չǿ۽գ˵ǿ취Ҽֲ˶áЩСʸڽϣֻڵϣʦԺǾȡ
ʦүüͷǿԴȥֻǡ˵ſ˿ԺʦҰѱԵıǰһһְǿİʦϡˣǰӦÿԵסЩʸҶǿ˵ˣҺʦүһӦûˡǿ˵ͷˡ
СǼʸһϣҺ˳ȥֻ˼Щʸ˹ǿȣһӶšҫʡЩСʸǻЩСʸʦԵİϡûҪϡ
ż޹Щ롣ӵ䷨˵ġ취ͷ˳ȥЩСȺСҴеͷСģǡͷͷҲصĳСȺСһŴ죬һ
ЩСԭ׼ͷǱͷôһУЩС˱ס˫üεˣʣµתܡͷˣĴԾЩС˵ĸţͷСҲƨɹˡ
ǰţȥĲ֪ô£ǰƵڵϡһʱ䵽ǲҽҲˣǽŻϽ޹ȥ


ڶʮ ξ
һֱܽ޹֮УҲſͣסؽеͷһǴӦˡͷͷ޹
СѾûʱܡͷԹԵһšͷһɫ硣תۼҵߡҿ˿ͷϲСҸϽһѱˡͷ˴šİŲϡ
쾮Ժⴭұšͷ˹ȥ˶мĿšͷʦ˵ǹѣؼʱ̣Ϊǣһ˾ͳȥˡ̫ллˡͷҡҡͷһνӡ
Ժʦı涼˺ܶСժ±ְγһֻ֧ŵһһ鱳ϵĲ
һǵġҵġͷϵļˡǿڡͷߣ˵ֵܣŵ㣬Ҹ˵־ҪȥμҸϽס𶯡ܰΡǿؿңΪʲôܰΣ˵ЩСеģקȥǰƤⶼˣ
ǿſ֣ô죿ʦү˹˵Ұɡ˵ͳһСģһͷ쳣ʦүóһСաڡͷ˿Ļ˼Ƥ⣬Сһһİ˳Դӱóҩͷ˿Ȼˡ
ʦһֱšͷһ߿һߵͷ˵ǸˣһǸӲȻһԣҲеƳιƶķ緶ͷĴͷ˵û°ɣͷҡҡͷ
ʦʵ˵ǹôҲһȷʵ棬ö˵ҸղŵĽҲھˡôأ
ЦЦǾ仰ǹǵսѡ棬֮ͻ֪ˡǺǡ
ʦЦЦ˿ֱ˵ҹʮˣһһҹˡҿ˿ˣֿ˿ͷ˵ҲãﻹǰȫϢһ¡־˵Ϣɣֵࡣҵ˵ͷҲãҪˣҡ־˵ͷ
һȦ˵ϡһĶ¶ƣ̬ղŵһ񱼣Ҳʵĵ̫ˡǿóɣһָÿ˷ˡҶĬĬĳֺЩˮŷ׷׵
ͷſڵϣǶȴ״һתתȥ֪ʲôӹͷĶ䡣Ҳʵ̫ˣ̽޵ȤûСʱ
ҲеһƣͣƤҲĺϵһ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һֵǸޣ֡ҵĶƮƮȥ۾Ĵţ˯ʦԣǿڶ档־֪ȥʦүҲˡͷſڵϣ۾仹ڶššͷӦûʲô£ʦү͸־ȥأ
ǸԼԼģ˵ֺڿޣֺʲôڳ裬ǲôվͷҲ۾ҡҶԡͷʹ˸ɫʾúÿšͷ˵ͷſ˻ȥ۾
ѭȥһֱߵԺһǰǴӷ洫ġ룬ƿ˷ţһµ̴ζ洫Ҳеһˬ濴ȥһ֧ţӡ
ĳǼ򵥣һ㶼һֺظСһ֪ǷƷϸĿ沢ûˡصšӡһֱߵǸǰ档ͻȻ֨ѽһŹˡͷԽ䱸ţʵ˭
һ̾Ϣҷ֣ŹŴϣһŸ߸߷ٵŮˣŮ˳úƯü֮侹Ȼһɱ˵Ӣֻüչƺ˼
ҿǸŮˣʵ˭ǸŮ̧ͷ˿ңʵ˭˵¬Ů˿ЦһûôᵽģүҪҵ𣿡
һ㶣˿ǸŮӡֵ˵Ϊʲôô˵ѵҪǸŮԹĿһۣ㴩ֵ·һǴɱ֡˵ҵ̿ˣǲ֮ˡӲȥˡ
ֿ˿ǸŮӣ˵㵽˭Ĳɱ˵ġǸŮ˵˵ģĲɱҵģҵ˵ͷŮ¶һ˿ЦݣȻ̬򷽣ɫ㡣һʱҾȻˡŮ˵һ㶣ʵʲô죿ǸŮӿҾȵӣֵ˵ʶң
ŵҡҡͷǰɣŮ죿ǸŮӵ˵ͷ죬ҲʲôŮʡ˵һġؿң˵㲻ǵһ˵ֻˡСʱһ۵ˣҲ˵ĻֻڿЦһ㶣۵ˣ
˵ͷǰһ۵ˣ˵ǰֻ꣬ҪĹȥͻ֦ͷ֮ϡ׷ʵǸ۵ʶ𣿡ҡҡͷ˵ҲʶһˣҲ֪Ǻлǵʿ˵꣬ҵĸ׾ͳˣҪ˵ֻˣ˵һöҪңֻҪõǸһӾͻһ˳׻ˡ
Ҹˣʵʲôأҡҡͷ֪ûиҡʵʲôʱأʧ˵Ҿ͸֪ˡѾҪûл·ˡҲ֪ʲôҷ׻
һ˵֮ˣҾ뵽˿졣־ò̫ܣǸ֮ǰһ˵ĺܶԣ˵Ҫ춫ʲôأǶᱣ׻Ƕʲôأ
뵽ͻȻòԾŮ죬Ĺô졣֪ǰһǹꡣô˭Ҿһ亹˵˵˵ҵõǸͲ뿪ңҲҪĹС
ôһ˵ְҸղ뷨ˡǸ˵˵õǸŻһ˳ȻŮʣ˵һõǸˡǶǾĹСҪúһңҲҵǸ
뵽ЦЦֿ˿죬˸ղ顣졣ͻȻ̧ϵѪ⧲һֻеԴһʹǰһжʧˡ۾
һΣ˿ܡʦ˯ҵߣʦߣҶǿҶ˯ú𡣸־ڣʦүҲͷſһߣֻ۾ţ״һתתȥ
һ㶣ô͸ղŵξһأ


ڶʮ ޵լ
Ÿղŵξֿ˿ܣʵ̫ˡô£
ʱŵһµҳ˳ӣζǴҵϷģǸղξŵģǹ̴Ұϵ·յ˱棬ȻԼϵζ
һ㶣ζ֮ǰҵϲûУζǴģѵղŵĲΣһţһվ
ͷȻһ۾˿ҡҲ˿ͷ˹ȥʵʦүȥͷԺ濴˿ŭŬ졣Ժ濴˿˵ͷ
ʵ־أͷԺӵһŭŬ죬־ȥһߡҵ˵ͷԡͷ˵㿴ãҹȥ
ͷ˵ͷŸղе·ȥȻһе·һֱߵǸǰźеķһġ
üͷһ£ǲûʲô֣һǸšǸŲûһӾƿˡ΢˵˿Ҫټһ
һͷһʦүվҵҵ˵ʦүҲߣʦү˵ͷ˯ţĴתתôҲ˯ţ
ЦЦǰ֪㿴ʲôʦү˵ֻǴſһķ䶼ǹŵģûд򿪣ֻԺתһȦ
ҺѸղŵξʦү룬Ǿʱ˵ˡʦүĿһۣ¬ƺֹǲʲô飿
ҡҡͷ˵ûʲôֻǾú֣ΪʲôһŮʣ޹أһ㶼̻Ի͡
ʦү˵ͷ˵һǺĻʳе޹һġҪǲµĲӦʱļҡ
һ㶣ʱļң
ʦү˵ͷ˵ΪƿʿŮĸϣ漮ˮأڳһ˵ݡĸֳԪ졢ԪˬͬĸˣһλǺ˳һλǹˡ丸ʿľҾʵС쾵۴ҵĩ꣬ԨְӶ̫ԭ֮ʱסʶԨ̫ԭԺǮƳԺԡԪӹٹ顢ɡ¡ݶʷݡݶְУǨ顢ݶӦʵһֱʱĵطһһĵطҲпԭ
ҵ˵ͷһӣů㾡ֻͯõģҲġ
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ʦү˵ͷҲãǻȥɡ
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Һʦүһۣʵʲô־˵˵ãǸڳ裬ֺڿޣ˵϶ԼԼġҵԴ
ҵ˵ͷ־˵ЩŶ򲻿Ҳ̫ͻˡһ˻֣ص˴Ϣĵط
ͷ˿ǣվλδԴ˼ǿʦҲ˹Ҳ춯Ҳ˹
һ𣬳Щ˵ˮҶ˵ϵ˵޹𣿡
˵˵Ȼ˵Ϊʬ޹С޹ͻʳ޹ǲһġΪ֮һֱʱʱ⣬˼ļ硣ʮͽ˹սĵطһ빬ƺ̫ڵӣȴһڼ仹Ҫеã䣬ʵڹֶ͢թʵᷳ͸ˣԸӻʱǶݵĿʱ⣬޽Ĺ֮ʱ޵޳ϼҵģϣԼڰ֮󣬻صǸϲĵط
˵ĺʦү˵Ĳ࣬ʵʲôķŶ˨ġǸʬʲôطأ
˵һϵͳԼĶĻءҪЩţҪҵĻܳɡððʧʧȥЩš»صġ
ǿŶʵֻô˵ԤƣпĹ١ͺһԻٵװá
һһҸղûкҵƿǸˡҿ˿ʦүʦүһЦݣ־ĬĬͷϵĺˮ
ҵ˵԰Ϊʲô˵أǾʹˡ۾ȥЩˣҵ˵ͷǰǻе֪֮ƲǾûˡҪǸղھͲ֪ôˡ
ؿڣ˵ûҶһذɣλҪСİǿ˵ǻػʲôӵأҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪¬˵Ĺ޽ֵַܵӦԽԵĵطԽпܡ
վԺ濴ȥԺӲǺܴĴƽ̹ԺΧǻȣÿԼʮ׶࣬ͻһӡӺģһ˺ϱϸԺм仹һˮˮ̨ܣְ˸ޣ泯⡣Ҫ˵ԣֵĶҲ
ʦ˵ˮе֣ӦòˮɡΪʲôиˮˮ߹ȥʦү˵иˮҲ֣ҿĹۣҲĹĵطһˮһ£νطˮνˮ֮
ȴüͷΪ˴ϵĺˮˮһǻˮɣȻôһûˡǸˮأֻǿϧһ·϶ЩС׷ɱҲûʱϸؿһ
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ǰĿЩˮܣЩˮʯͷɵģ̨ͨΪһ塣񹤾ϸǿʲôرǿһˮܣҵҡһ£µǸûʲôӦʦ˵ݸղǸ淨ҿĻҲûô򵥡²ֻƶһôˡǿҲǰֻˮܣҲǰհԵķλеģһ⣬Ԭİ󷨡


ڶʮ 򿪻
ʦүҲž̨ϵİֻˮܡֿ˿ϵЩӡ˵ʦ˵ЩҿȫǿˮԺӵм䡣ֻˮȷʵռŰԵķλ⿴ЩӣЩһǰ˰ʮĸ
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Ƕʦүĸۡ
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ʵʮǲǴӰݳأ
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Ϲŭһ֣иճһޡеҿǲȥˡ
˵ţһ֣ͷĴ


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ǿб˳еѾϹȥкȵǸôš
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˵ǸŲףҲġϹĲû˵ֻƷǡ
Ϲɿң˵ôȫˡʦ⡮÷ױΪںǹʦѵҲô𣿡
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˵ʫϹԼģԹǺܰԹʫ䡣
üͷѶԸģԹĹѶԸϹԹôأֲ֪ɣңͷԣһʱһĪչ
ϹʫĳţѪᣬͻȻҷϹİɫȹ֮ϾȻҲѪ
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ҵеħӤǿб˳һǸɫСӤȥ˵͵ľСС
Ҳ֪һʱҲ֪ôԸֻܱˮڡǿȺݺݵǸСӤϡһӰǸӤ˵ϡǸӤˤڵϣȴһ鶼ûУһƤһڵһҷ˹
Һ͸ϽתͳһšǸСӤǸСӤСӤһ⡣ΪҵˣǸСӤһЦȴʲô鶼ûСڰת˼Ȧҷɹ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ˣˡȥЩɡҵ˵ͷóֽ˵ǲԺ͵Ҵ˽棬취Ǵȥ
쿴˿ʽܣʽ˵ᣬܵ΢ҲŻϡ˵ͷҲãǾͽȥиᡣ¬һסһȪˮҵ˵ͷ
ֻǰһΣҵġɵĴŴ˳ȥߵĿУǿ͸־Сͷվҳˣǿ˵ôҵ˵ͷ˿ͷ壬ԡͷ˵ҪĶܰҿ𣿡
ͷң˵ͷóһħͷ档ˡͷԣȷû⣬Ҳͷжŷġ
Ҷǻ˻֣߳˷䡣߹ʦԡʵʦô㿴ʲôʦ˵濴ƽģͺƽĸ˼ҡĶʵ˵ľͷھҲˡЩǧľĳľѾˡҲ˵ƳʱѾˡЩľͷ޼֮ˡİȻ򵥣ҲǷǳõĶڵʱҲǼֵǵġ
һߵͷ˵ĺܶöǿ֪ǿʲôЦЦĹײඡһ۾Ǽ䷿԰Ӧþķ䡣ڼҵʱ򣬾סġ
ʱʦүҲҿ˿ʦүʵ֪ʲôʦүҡҡͷ浹ûʲô࣬һЩ䡣ûʲôرġ
˵ȥǱߵķɣأһ߽Ǹ䣬ɣʦү˿ңָźķ˵Ĵϡ
ߵ棬ȻڴϷһ޴Ĺ餡ҸղŶûпǹ餲Ǻܴ󣬲Ǿ£Ư餰ŽߡĹ⣬滭˺ܶͷĶʦŹ餣̾餾޼֮ľġȻŲۣⶫƳʱ򣬾Ӧûˡ
ʵ˵ľǵʲôľʦٺٵЦЦľͷڴ˰ຮ֮أٶȼഫǧſɳɲġľ˶ĺƳɵĶͷųʺľνʥƷ˿ľҲֻĺ棬ӵڶֻǷľĵԣȿɣľͷļԺûˡƳʱҵѾܲˡοôࡣľͷĵطҲõĵطĵĲ֡ƳɵģǹľеļƷ
ʦĻҲΪпû뵽֮ôáʦү˿˵Ҫ𣿡ҡҡͷ˵ҪǲҶĶӲˡ
Ҷ˵˵ͨһĵطӦ֪أڹ𣿡ҡҡͷȻ棬еϧͨĵطһ棬Ӧþ⸽
˵˹ȥϸĿŹ餡ƣǸƲҼǵøղ˵ؾڹ餵档Ҷǿ˵æҺǿ˹ȥҲƹ餣餺أһ˵ƲġҶ˵ǲ餵°룺пܣŲ
ҵ˵ͷ˶æһİѹŲˡſ餵ѹһľ顣һŲǸľ龹Ȼ֪ǾǻءҲֳܱ֪ӣֻװģĶʦү˵ǻأͨأ
ʦүź˵ĻأλأҲ˵صĿغͻزһڴ˿أǻزһġ
ҸϽ׷ʵ˵أʦү룬ָָԺ˵ҿǿھǿھֵûɡ
ҶԸ־͡ͷ˵￴ţǹȥ
Ƕľߣž濴ţǾˮȻ˵½ǿָžˮ˵ǿˮ½ʦү˵ͷ
кЦһݼҵĻҪáǾͶűݰɡװһӣȥˮʵЩˮ˵أʦүҡҡͷ˵ҾͲǺˡҪ֪Ҫȥˡҿ˿ʦү˵ȥɡ𣿡ʦүҡҡͷҿ⾮еĵطҲǺܴȥ²㣬ȥɡʲôȥ
ҵ˵ͷǿùֵ硣ǿʹ˸ɫǿ΢΢ĵ˵ͷվ˾濴˿Ծ˽ȥƮ䡣һֱ䵽˾ס
ֻһˮЩˮ֪ȥֵܵľգȻ˵бϷĵطȻһǶÿݵһͨ˶СǸȥһ˶ڡһƽ̹Ŀռ䡣ɳأ洫ཹཱུˮ
Ҽӿ˽ŲǰȻһȪˮҸеһ֮Ȫˮдһֵζζڡŵһģһˮķ˿Ȫˮ˵µһӵУһƬ֪ʲôطҲǡķԴء
ţǿӡǿʵôҵ𣿡˵ܼ򵥣ѾڡȪıˡҿǡķԴءǿ˵ҵ𣿡˵һûҵ֪Ҫʱ䡣
ǿһǻϻҰߵȪˮϣԽĸеˡ
ڡдǺˮҲûôǷԴأˮһǸˡ
ҸϽ˶ֵȪˮеĺȪˮȥ


ʮ ֱӳ
ˮǰɫģĿռк֪ۡ⡰ȪһҪʱʱŻɫ¹ûʱˮпţǰɫˮסҲ֪жڿֻԼˮˡ
ҧҧ˶ֵˮУˮǺ䣬ҲһˮҿǿˮסҧˮһȦֻʯͷˮסһĶʯҲֱӲóһʯͷ˿ɫǰɫģûʲôرġ
ְʯͷӻصˮСʱֳǿӣǿʵôˣҵ𣿡ҡҡͷûУˮ䰡ǰɫģҿˮף֪Щصˣ
ǿе㽹˵Ҫȥɣ˵Ҳãɡ
ˮһ󣬿ֻһմˮĵطͱķ鷢ľû֪ҸϽѸ첲ó˹ָ¶ȡʱǿҲˡһ߽ĴĿ˿˵Ҳж졣
ʵʦү˵ʲôǿʼ˵û˵ʲôҲ˵ʲôҵ˵ͷʦүҲԸ⵽ȪıϡǿֵȪˮУҲеۣˮҡҡͷǰҪæ
ǿһ˳˵ˣˡ̫ˡҪʲôӼ¾ͺˡһԴСѻ𡯣֪òáǿеô˵ҲǱһԣһԡ
ҸϽóѻ쵽ˮСȻˮûиղô̹ˣºġѻ𡱻Ǻġһˮţһ߶ǿ˵˵治һˮˡٺ١ǿҲ˵ͷ
ҿˮУϸţһֱţȪˮðĵطȥȻˮĵطˮǿֶѹסֽȪۣƺеԼЩʲôе㲻ˡұ嶼ˮС
תϢӽˮУȪ۵ȥһεĶһҧϰȪ֮СˮҵĳҵѻҲˣֻǼҾ;ҵǲҵġѾˡ
ֻǿţץǸεĶǸεĶǸӡҺǽġ溮ޱȡһϣе̹ǵĺ䣬ɼⶫʱ䲻˶Ѿ͸ˡץ˼£öֻץʵܲˣվֱ塣
ǿվʵôҵ𣿡ľ˵ӦȪ棬ֻòȪۺҵľˡ
ǿ˵ġҫʡǶϲˡҿǿһԴ԰ǿʦڵǻԽԽˡһԡ
˵óˡҫʡҵšҫʡòףҫʡסǸһĶҿԸеǶǺܴҲֱ۳ļȴ쳣ĳءһ£ֻǶһ
ǿһҧҲˮСߣһšҫʡǻǲһۣһ˹һ졣һĺӴˮб˳ҺǿͣˮС
ǿٺٵЦһ㰡ҸϽȥӶǿ˵㣬̫ˡǿϽ˳ȥһ˱ϣϽӶ˵ϡӵĵط˰˪Ҹе飬˵ϡ
ǿߣ˹ʱͷð˰̡ҲϽ˹ûôˡٿӣ澹ȻһıҺǿһۣôӡ
ʱ洫˽¬ôˣʦүҿ˿ǿ˵ȪۣʲôûУǿѡѻ𡱲ӵĶϡı˲ѿ¶ӣǿӣȻһӨӨɫĶһͣķֵĹâ
Ǹ˹Ȼĸ׭֡족ҷӦûпռ䡣ƿ˵ĺ첼ȻһĶһϲҪҵĶҸϽ˳ȴǲеһģһѾһСʱĵһ㣬ʲôѵǺĹǿЦɣ
ڷ㶣ȴ洫һϽǺ񵯹һĶӵ˱ְŻص˸ӡһ˦֣ǸӻصˡȪС
ǿң÷˵ʲôòײóġҡҡͷáͨ˵ⶫܸʦүһǹؼߺţҪõһͻᵽ統ˡ
ʱʦүѾˡҺǿҶʦү˵ˣúܲˣ˰ʲôҲûҵһ԰ɡʦү˿ǣֿ˿ȪüͷȪˮȷʵǺܺܲ˵ġôԶҲҪ˹ֿ¬Ӧò°ɣ
֣ʦүҸղŰᶯӵֻ֣滹һƬסǶ˵ĺۼ˵㿴ҷʯͷͱˡʦүüͷ˵ȻòҲûа취ǳȥɡ
һ㶣û뵽һﾹȻôĻòҲںˡҲ˿ңиĪЦˡ˵ʵλ͵飬Ѿ֪ˡ
Һǿһ㶡ʦүЦЦҵһǸǡҾһֱ˵ĹؼߺŵĹͷ
Һǿһ㶣û뵽һﾹȻֱӳˡһʱŪǵǲ֪ˡҿʦүŷǿҲáۡ˵ǰɣһˣǲǸöˣ˵ż
ʦүЦеĿǣ˵ô붯֣ҽػǣǶһ֣˵ʵʱǸͲҵĶ֡ڲ˵һ򲻹ǶһôûС˵أ
˵ıһʼôܹأʦү˵ͷ˵Ҳû룬ûкǣ
ǿ˵ͷ˵ʵûǣǾẦǡ
ʦүЦЦһʼȷʵ¡ΪҲĿԶԸ˹ǰ;ϣһҵļƻҲաʱɱǣ־ҲǻɹҾͰЩչȻײײЩͷԽԽˡҾͰˡֻġߡܽ棬õĶҲһأһо˽͡սħơ÷֮һֱһЩͷɣ


ʮ ͻ޹
룬˵Ķʵ顣һȻأûʲô˺ǵ顣ҵ˵ͷ˵ĵǲô֪㲻ƭǰأ
ʦүӣ˵ҲеãҲҪֻҪôС
ʵղŻҪǵص֮Ҫô㣿ʦү˵ȷʵҪǸĻҾͿԻص磬ͳһڤ֮һеʱеһ𣬾ͿԶԸڤˡ
һЩʣʵΪʲô쵽磬ĻͿԣΪ֮˳Ӧ⣬ҲԴܹˡ
ʦүЦһڵȻ밡֮ǰĴѾɣҿȡΪڤıҸ̫ˡҲԭˡ
˵ʦү¶ʹı顣Ҵûмֹı顣ɼ˵൱ܵġҼǵ֮ǰĹʹ˵ߺŵĹͷ֮Ϊһ顣ˣΪһֱϹ
ʵΪʲôϹųȥȻҲųȥһǰ磬񲻾ʹ¿ɳɡ
ʦүҡҡͷһҸղѾ˵ˡЩ鶼ڹģΪ˹ôأʱҵĹδɣҴȥҹԵеĻᶼûСͻɢҴȥֱֻܱ¡ʮ޶Ը죬Ҳɲˡô꣬һֱֱҵĹɡһߡʵҲǵˣû뵽ѾҪȻ˳ˮۣһˡ
ʦүĻڿиɻģûʲôҲǿû˵ʵղΪʲôһҪʦүЦЦûôԸôټ
ҿ˿ǿǿҲҡһʱ治֪ӦӦʦүʦү˵ȳȥһ¡˵˳ȥ
ǿңáۡ˵ôҡҡͷֲԪôʦүͲģҸûа취ͨжǲѡ˵ĶʵҲ֪ǲӦô
ǿֺʮ˵سɷȻ֪ˣΪʲôҵ˵ͷǰνӻͷ𲻻ȻҲǲӦһأ
ǿ˵ӷգա¬ʩҲ֮һҲǸ⣬ɡ
ҵ˵ͷǾͰóɣҪʦүôǿ˸ƣɣ
ҡҡͷšѻ𡱴ˮаѸղŶȥǸӣ˳ֻôһðźҧӣ˳ְѵĺ첼Ҳóˡŵ˰档
Ҷǿʹ˸ɫȥǿ˿ϵĺʵô죿˵ҿװˡҪ᲻ãŰɡǿת˻ȥѺŵ˰档
ҼЦЦȻϲӣҲŵɡĻҪֿװǿһְֻѺ˳Ұŵ档ǿзŵ˰档˳ȥ
Ƿɳ˾ڣǶ쳤ŲӣǡǳˣΧʦʵôҵ˵ͷͦõģûʲôֻһȪۡ
ʦүһ߿ǡҶʦүЦЦ˵ǿԳȥ˰ɡʦү˿˵ԳȥˣһƮʬûҵ
ҵ˵ͷԣȥߡʦʵҪץǸ𣿡ЦЦҵҲΪģ˵ǿʦץ˽ءʦЦЦǻ˵ʲôһҪץסǿʦ𡣡ǿ˵߰ɡǻش˵ԺʦԼСİ
ץץͷ˵滹ЩСأ֪ôźá˵ǽͳȥ߰ɣͷȻֱġ
ߵ˴ſڡѴǶ˸죬ȥտյģûЩˡ˳ȥ߳ȥԶûЩˡǿҪ߳ȥȴʦүסˡʦү˵ЩˡǵʬģԭҪΪƵͷӵġŪĹˡľӽƣͷָӹ١ҾͨԵġ
ǿ˵ͷ÷۰ʦүĻתһ֮˵ЩС㿴ô졣˵Ҳû취ֻ׷ˡȻǣҲû취ˡ
ǿż˳ͷһͷͺǵͺտĿռлصţľ߳һξ롣һͷǣͻȻǵ󣬺ӰӿЩˡֳˡҵеǳˣߡһתҲŷһӵġˡӭͷǶ
ЩˡȻЩԣǵǰ·ֽضǵĺ·ǰΧˡҷ𡣶˵ǰġˡ˼׷һ׻ЩˡȺзȥ¡֮ͣϷð˺̡
ˡһ˷硣ɢӡҶԡͷеͷ·ͷһǰ汼ȥ˽ĸϡʦү档׷ǿƳ˼ӡܵĿƶ˸ղðḷ́ЩˡңϵɰʯûɳһЩˡܣĴķšͷظɳʣµ˽ظšͷ
ִ˼׷ס˺ġˡʳжǡˡĲҽв̣Ҳûа취ǰʦѾ쵽ǱˡġˡӦʼżˡ䵽ʦүߣһ֣ҫʡУһˣסЩСʸ
ʦү֣ЩСʸ˵ô𣿡ЦЦǿʦ˵ˣسɷԸ㣬Ҳ㡣
ʦүЦЦ˵ʵǲսͦġһͷ˿ʦѾܵ˴ĵطҶʦү˵߰ɣǵ˴ˡʦүһͷһΣ˴ʩչiҲ˹ȥ
ڴſڣҺʦүǿҵ˼ӡһɳҺʦүȫĵ˴
ҿ˿Ҷû£˵ͷ˵ǽȥɣʦү˿ǵ˵תȥǱߵšǸʦүתһšЩˡֻվԶĽȴҿʦүƿ˴ţ߽˴С


ʮ ӳʳ
һ߽ǵľǸɫΡϡż˽ˡЩ⡣Լ˵ôֻˣ
ЦЦҪץǸƮʬǰץ˵Ǹ˵ûĸƮʬЩƮʬǱߵǸС˵ָָб󷽡
ǿ˵ҪȥǸ𣿡ҡҡͷ˿־˵нʬǲô鷳ɣʦЦЦô¬ҪȺڶȺڣ
ҵ˵ͷҾôġҿ˿־ʵ֪ôɣ־˵ͷ֣˳ƵĺǺʱʱ̣˵ʲô
ʱӱԼˣܶġƮʬ˳ƮŵĴŰµġƮʬǶͷƤ顣ЩƮʬͷƮţһĿŸ־ںŽ̻塣
־ֽ˼ЩƮʬһתۣˡǿʵ־ܺ˵ʲôˣ־˵ҲûʲôǽǰȥץǸƮʬǿ˵ͷôҲ˵ֻҪžˣҵ˵ͷ
ʱ䣬Ǹоͷ˽ǽңִ󣬲֪ʲôڽС˵ǰɣȡͷĽ󣬿ЩƮƮļһﾹȻôʦ˵ܼҡҪȥץǼһ¾ңҲҪϺһӡ
ֹһСˡЩŰµġƮʬַ˳˺ܶࡣмһŰ·ġƮʬ¡ƮʬļšЦЦһˡ
ʦүڿնǸƮʬץȥϷܰǸƮʬ˹һߵķͻȻվǸƮʬеС꣡ô㣿ǸƮʬ˿˺ߵһû˵
Ʈ˹һѾסС꣬ʵΪʲôƭңΪʲôҪƭңұӡСһʲôõģһǺһѵ㲻ԸΪĹסˣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôźá
ҿ˿С꣬Է˵Щ־ͷˡͷɡСһһͷСͷ˳СһƮڵϡ
ʦүȥ˼£˱Сҡǿͷи־ΧסǸͷǸͷ˺ٺٵЦͷһЦһ߿ң˵ϣǹʦЦһһֱ˵ǹʦĲǡҲν˵ôˣһҪġ
ǹͷһĲںڵһ߸ߵĵֻ۾ߣ⡣Щǹͷϼһֱŷɵض㿪⡣óˡҫʡǸͷȥ
ͷﻬ΢΢ͷ㿪ҵġҫʡ˸־ķŸ־ҧȥ־ûһ壬ЩƮġƮʬһ˸־ǰ档ͷҧסһƮʬǿҲˡ
ͷϽɿڣɵһߣǿȴķ磬ǸƮʬһߡ־һЩƮʬɻص档־ֻһ죬ʮָһӳһ߳ʮѼ⵶־һŹͷץȥͷͷһ˫ۣŸ־⡣־һ䵽˸־ָϡðɰ̣ȴûаѸ־ô
Һǿͬʱ֣Ⱥ͡ҫʡͬʱ־ֻǱ赲һ¡ŹͷץȥͷܵУȴš͵תһȦеƬһɫĻ档Ҹеҫʡ֮ϴһɺܴҫʡ˳ȥǿûˡˤ˳ȥ͸־쳣ͣһץ˹ͷϡ
ͷϱץĵۼͷһƺʹֱ䵽˵ϡǿֺʮ硣ҪסͷǹͷһתһӳǿĽ硣ǿûзֱ˵ϡ
ǿؽеһҵĽסҸϽһСְԡɫ̫ͼŹͷײȥͷתϷȥ硣ܶ㿪ҵĽɫ̫ͼġƮʬһߡҲûͣ˼һֱϷȥ
ʦүͻȻ˵ãҪܡȻǹͷֻ۾Ϸ⡣ֱݶݶ˲ͱҺǿһ׷ȥǹͷɵúܿ죬ȷɳȥǸ׷ϣҪ˳ȥҪץɾˡ鼱֮һ˦ҫʡͷ˹ȥ
ͷתĺܿ죬һ˦ҵıʼ⡣ǿеܵˡҼǣϵĽǸһĶϽó˽óǸһĶѽöĺ棬Źͷһֶ֣һֱͷȥ
ǹͷȻתĺܿ죬ǽ졣֮ۿҪɳĹͷһͷһҽУǿһЦһӣҲȥҺǿһڵϡǿеĹͷһѾСͷģͷ̫ѨŽ
˶Χ˹ʦү˿˵ϲ¬ҵ˺๭ˡһǡ๭ôҲ벻νĺ๭ȻǸҲãٺղأҪŪһֻ󹭣һ֪ôϲźá
Ұ˽ó˺Сͷϵϣǿҿ˿ʦү˵ͷˡǿԳȥǿ̾˿滹ЩСˣ鷳ġʼ˵˻ղһඣȻЩˡҲûа취
ʦүҡҡͷ˵²ô鷳Ƕʦүʵô˵ʦү˿־˵ղǸС԰ôŪôġƮʬӦÿԴǳȥɣ
־˵ͷġƮʬ˼ЩƮʬ˵ͷ־˵ǿԵģҪǰŴ򿪲СҺܸˣ˵ͷǿߵ֮ǰǵšġƮʬץ˼ˡȥҺǿϺҲǷ˹ȥ
Щˡָָģšһ취ҲûУֻܿǡһֱɳ˻ʳǣЩƮʬŷǡҺǿҲ䵽˵ϡ
ʦЦ˵û뵽ЩƮʬȻöǡи־ָǡҪЩˡ治öԸ˵ʱ䲻ˣǸϽȥȳ˳˵
ҵĻ䣬˻֪Щˡˡʦү˵ߣҺ¬ԸЩˡ
˵˵ͷųǱȥǺˡ׷ʦү˵ǵз䣬ֻҪҵóǾͲܶˡ


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ʦүû˵꣬ͷһˡȥǸˡҲһ̧־һʸʦүȥʦүһ˼ʸһˡˡϡ
ʦүڡˡͷһ¡һˡҲ̧֣ʦүһʦү㿪ʸǸˡϡ
ʦүҽе䲻Դϣһĵλá˵ʦүǸˡĵλһ¡ǸˡһԼϵʦүȥ
ʦүٴζ㿪ڡˡλһ壬ֲ˽ȥһγ϶һѪܵࡣ
һʦүҲƺһʦү˵Щǻġû뵽ġˡʵЩŪ𣿡ʦүҡҡͷǣЩˡƵġôҲ֪һֱΪéɽķѡû뵽ǾȻа
ʦүڵġˡȻȻЩźġˡߵġһˡǸˡˣͬʱ̧ʦүһ˼ʦүŸͷĶ㿪ˡ
ҷϣˡˡϣͷȥȻһŷ䡣·䣬зζ𡱰ŷ仯ˡˡ漴ˡ
ʦүߣǰȥոܹһֵֻǿںˡĸˡ߱
ҺʦүϽȥˡˡļʸˡˡϣõµķ䣬ˡǿе¬ʦˡ
һͷ˿ʦļϲһֻʸһʱҲܲô࣬ʦҲûʲô¡ҽеչ˺ʦҺʦүԸЩˡ
ǿ˵ͷ͸־һʦǰȥҺʦү죬ӭĸˡȥĸˡһһ˹ĸˡļܣһӶšҫʡҵļʦүȶļʸɵһߡ
ǺܿĽĸˡҰһˡ˳ȺĸоҸеġϽ˦Ǹࡣų¥Ϸȥʦүҵĺ棬һڳ¥֮ϡһ֪ܲͻȻ˼ꡣǼǵصҺʦү
ԭҪ򿪳ţµŵġЩѾ˽ǰǷŶ㿪ˡЩʸıضǡɼʮ㡣ҺʦүǸŵ˹ȥҪµšǰԼֶֻ㿪ʦүеȥţֱӰŪϾˡ
ҵ˵˵ͷʦүȥóˡ˦ȥˣԻ֮֮󣬵صȥĳҲˡ
ʱǿҲ˹Һʦү˵ŵϣż˹ȥҺʦү˿ż˹ȥһֱһյϣǲ
˶ءҿ˿ʦļˡ֧䵽ͷϵһеġҶʦ˵ֻõˡʦŵ㡣ʦ˵ͷһë
ó˵ôգҧҧʦѼʸʦƺһҰѼʸӵһߣóҩˮʦˡ
ҿ˿ˣҶƣ͵ӡҿ˿ʱ䣬һֱæ˺ܳʱˣôҲϢһˡó˸ˮڵϳǿԹǿϧѾûˡҪǻھͺˡ
ʦүһ߿˿ֱ˵ǰ죬ǾǵĹڣҲܳȥһҪȵʱСĵϢɣ
ҵ˵ͷҳԺ֮󣬶Լı˯ˡһȫ泩û˯ʦүҵߣ˹ŵ˵ҵˡ๭ȻҲҵ𣿡
ҿ˿ʦү˵ͷǰʦүĿһۣ˵ô˵͵ʽҲˣ֪ʦүģֻõ˵ͷǰˡʦүһľ棺ΪʲôҸܲأȻǸ֡
ЦЦЩҪ㲻Ҳ𣿡ʦү˵ͷǻǲܳңҲûʲôʱǾ֪ôˡ
ʵΪʲôҪڤأʦү̾˿˵ѾáƳʱʱڡ硯ϡ֪ļ̳˽죬취ס졣ҾĹʱҾϲߵŮϹϹҲǳϲҡʹҲӻ᲻һϹ˵ʲôӣһ𡣡
üͷ˵ǰ˵ġԼϲʲôôİ˵أ֪ǹеһͷֻôأ
ʦүһʱҾϹŹһС˰ֻ֮ҵһֱܣҷҸ޷ϹһֱĥҲһֱҼϹٺ֪ˡһҪҪһԼһԼԼ
ҿʦүеʹˡ飬Ȼǲһ뷨Ҳġʦү˵תһֱҳ֫ڸҪˣҪǸˡȻҵĹħ󷨻ûɣǹĹħҲûɡȻҲ֪ǲǿԶԸҺġΪǡ
һʱ֮еܲˡһһֱΪǵ˵ˣȻһӱѡǰʵʵǹôôģ
ʦүЦЦѺܾûлȥˡƳڶûлȥˡֻǴĳЩ֪һЩ顣һͷħ󷨡û֮ǰǿŹͷֻţܻصͷϡ
룬͵͵㣬˹ߴŵģؼߺͷĹͷҺǿˡ
ʦү֪ʲô˵ľµġڤӣĲսǿġҲµĲĻڲȡӵսԡʹǣţʼղϵһ𡣶ڤȻһʱҲܴһ⡣һˡħ󷨡ȫͬˡǱҪڹ֮ǰ
ҵ˵ͷʵôأʦү˿˵һû뵽ʱа취ġ˵ʵһе¡
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ҴûԺһø˵¡оǹֵֹġʦү˵ﻹǾůůģϾԸ⳨飬ҵˡ
Ҷʦү˵ʵһû˭֪Ժ顣ֻǰôҲûá֪Ż˺֮ͻ˵һô룬ϣһ쵽ϣһԶᵽҲܷաǺˣ鶼ġΪδ鷳û塣˾Ҫڵ¡
ʦү˵ͷ˵ȷʵӦ˵óһɫСϵãϹĺӣӤɷһʦү˵ӺܿԭӦġǿҳɣҲӡҵ˵ͷóһ䣬ǸںڵС򡣶ʦү˵ʵԼǿ˵ģҲġ
ʦүЦЦ˭˵һֻҪܳˡҵ˵ͷʦү˵ϢһһǾͳȥˡ
ʮʱ򣬼˶˹Ǽ򵥵ʰһ£ԭ·˻ȥֱʮҵʱ߳Ĺ
ʣһ¸߸ߵĹϣ㷱ǵ׺Сûһ˿ƲʣҲûз硣Ҵڵĺ˼ʵĿʦү˵Ѿˣˡڳˡ
ҿ˿ʦʦɫܲ˵ȥҽʦ˿ٴһ¡ʦҡҡͷôˣȥҴˡǻȥɡһϾˣȥٴɡ
ҵ˵ͷԺ͸־Сͷ˵ǴʦȻȥһ־˵ͷ߿ˡ
ҺǿʦүչһֱɵһɽĶϡǿʵ¬ǾҪʲôΪʲôҪ
ҡҡͷʵҲ֪Ҫʲôֻе㲻ġٿվɽϣɿԿϵġһԺĿ״
ʦү˵Ԭġ󡯵ĻġҪû㣬ǽȥ
ɿŵ棬˵ķͻΪʲôһһֵأʦү˵ĻضֵġķԬġҰŵΪ˿סġԾһһֵˡ
˵⻰˼ӰǼģһ֪ЩµصֳˡʦүһˣһﻹǲġȻЩ˻ԭĵطͣšʱеƹЩ˻æš
ҳСֵĵ绰ͨĵ绰Сֵ洫˳ãλ˵¬СֵЩ⣺Ŷ绰ô˵һкˣ
ЦЦҿһʱڼӣڿˣЩ˻ˡСֺٺЦˣ
ʱ߶гž𣬺ܶǰĶ½ţЩĹɢӣץסˡ
ʦүҡҡͷ뿴ЦЦЩһͼưոݵġʱҸطʡһˡ
ǿ˵ǲӦˣҵ˵ͷ߰ɣ
Ľų̣ʱص˾ƵꡣѾϢˣҲصԼķץʱϢˡ
ڴҪ˯Чҿڶʱڻظ;Ҹʮ죬绰ҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˡ˵ô绰绰ʾСֵĵ绰
ҽ绰СֵллˡκԲһû©ЦЦⶼӦġ֪Ӧһͼֽ滭ĹҺһҪЩͼֽսˡȻкܶĺ󻼡
Сʵôôͼֽ˵仰Ҳ˵ˡŶСʵ֮ǰɱǲǺйϵأ˵ЩϵЩҲǵĹģҲ֪ˡҲ˵ҪԼˡ
С˵ȥɡ˵ˣһˣǵİӻûأԺʱ䵽ȥҡ
Сֻ˵˵ɣףһ·˳硣
ҷµ绰Ѿˡ´վ˴ߣųеСʱ򣬷ĵ绰ҽ绰˵¬ʦе㷢գ̵ɡ
˵ã߰ɡ
˴æ˳һ·ҵһҽԺǴʦȥˡֻ˿ڸȾûʲô󰭣°һ˿ڣִ˵ƿ
ʦҪߣֻðѵƿҵ˳ϣһ·żҵķȥһ·ſֱǲŵ˼СʦҲˡǰͻ˼СҲԻص˼С
ڿҪҵʱѾ绰ˡȥʱ򣬼Ѿһӵĺòˡӭһӵҿִˡû뵽ϹҲҵļУҲ˹ߡ˵ϰǻˣһֱء
ЦЦʵҲûж೤ʱ䣬ѡϹЦЦͽһղˮҶЦˡ
ǿĵĳ˷һϹŻȥˡҺص˷СҵϣʵôΣ
Ұǰǰ˵һ顣ľﲻѣʵİ͵ʽܴˣҵ˵ͷǰˡһһҪġ
˵ҲҪȥ뿴ǡЦЦ˵Уû⡣һһŷ赲ŵ·ʹӾرϡ
ˣˡ׸ϣйˡͷӡͷֽҶ˵ˣҰǷų
Ҵ˷ֽǰһ͵ʽܳǰ˾С˵ϹǾ͵ʽܣ
˵ҪлϺ͵ҹϡҶ˵ϣҵӡ쿴ŵ˵ͷҲæĵ˵ͷ
˵Ǻܸл㣬Ǿ˾ȳˡҡҡͷûʲôʱǿҲ˹͵ʽҲʩ˸
Ҷ˵֪׼ʲôʱȥأ˵ȻԽԽãǺһʱҲܻȥҪŴ򿪵ʱС
üͷҪʮڵʱҪȵˡ
ʽҡҡͷǵáֻҪʮ޵ǹžͻ򿪵ġˣû𣿡
ǿϽ˳˵óˡʽܽӹݸ죬ЦЦ˵ããþͺðˡ


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츧ȥĿ˺ܾãŶ˵û뵽ⶫֻصҵˡҾͿͳˡ
ʵȻȥͳ磬ֻҪȥˣûôѵ˲ʶ
ЦЦʶʲôáУҪȻԲ˳ô򵥣ֻܹſԵ
ҵ˵ͷǾһһĶˡӦôأ˵ֽʰɣ˵ǲҪո㰡ЦЦղոҰɡ
ҡҡͷǿ˼ŻֽԼһ֧ʡ˼ֽǿд˵ʽ֣ܵˡ
ЩֽΪҽʽܵж˼ֽһֻʣùֽңӾرߵϣд֡Ҵչȥ˿ȴЩֵֹģҶʶŻе졣
ץץԴʵϣʲô֣ǲѧǳһֶʶʽЦЦ˵ģĹٷ֣еͺҪд
һȻȷʵ֣ڻƽƤϺǸС϶֣ѹҾ졣ԭġ
ʵϣдʲô˼˵˵죬֮֮ǰȺ䡣Ҫ磬ʮޣҡ߶նġ
ҵ˵㣬аѾˣôţ֪Щ᲻ӣܵʲôô죿
ڷʵ¬ʲôǲЩ᲻ӣұ˵£е㲻˼ٺٵЦЦ˵ָܣҸҪѹֻͶңϿҡľͺðˡֻмеܶԸڤ
룬Ҳûа취İ취˵ҵǶԻϺġŪȨû˱ȻˡЦЦ治֪˵⻰ǿһҡ
˵ûб˼ֻǡ
˰֣˵ûµģĹдôʱ䣬ʲôˡҶҵһҲϸϸĻˡԼʲôʱģʲôʱ򲻿ġΪʲôģΪʲôĶúȻջȨעˡ˵ûһӶһսʿΪȨƶս˵ŪȨȷʵǶ֡ûһһ䣬еǡ졯ͽ˳ķѣΪ˭Ҳ˭ϲҲûһ˳ġҳֻ֣ҪһͶҡĶʱƣͶˡʱǵıȨǾͻİӭȥˡ
ҵ˵ͷаŮǲ򵥣һȷʵҲûôװɣ˵дˡЩô͵أô͵Щأ
ЦЦû˵д˼ֽдʮֽֽÿһŶӡţŷ˱˵Ҫˡ¬һа취ġһ㶣ץץԴ˵԰ȷʵ취ܲܳɹҾͲ֪ˡ
Цſң¬㡣ЦЦС˳СһΧңϴþûˡǶˡ
ҸϽֹզզС˵пˣҽСŰС򵥵˵һ¡С͵ʽܣ˺һ㡣ϸ˵죿ǽ֮˵ͷ
СͻȻһ򵹣ͷһʵʲôϸתͷ˵ϴλ֮ô˵ҲСȻҪͷˣǻص磬һҪ˼չˡ
ҿЦҡҡͷǼǼʹתÿ졣Ͼ顣ٺ٣ϸ˵㿴㣬ϴڳԴװǵϴˡͻġͻġ
쿴СЦЦǺܿɰãҷΪǰС̽ǲκ˵ĻϸϽͷлϣǲǿϴأ
˵ã׼ǿʱص䣬ǵϴ󡣵ͳһٴͨơСелϣꡢꡢ꣡Ц
ҿ˿СȻˣҲġ˵ϸҪ취ˣʮ㿴Űɡϸ˵Ҳزȥǿ빴ʹ߰æҲԸæ
ЦЦҲ˼ʲôȥϲ˵ϣϣϴȥˡ˵ǰһΣϸˡ
ߵ˵ϹǺһܴ飬پһҵ˰ҵ˵ͷһֱ֪˵ǰžޱ䣬ԭǿƽתģڿҪһˡҲųЩ᲻ҵʱ»ҪġʱҪҪ¬˺ǿˡ
ҵ˵ͷû⣬ڰǰҡôҲ죬ֻҪǹͳһ硣һġ
˵Ҳð˵Ҳչˡ쿴˿üͷ˵ϣѾˡ˵µĿ˿˵㻳ĺӲ򵥣򵥡¡ĶһҸ˵ǰҺ¬ıһġ
ҡҡͷһ죬뿪һ졣ѵ㲻ЦЦҪû뿪ˡЩѾǶˡܺ¬һʮ£Ҳܰ͸ûźˡ
˵ͷ˿ң¬øҿЦһȷʵи˷򸴺󣿡˵ģһˣһչ˺ӡһ˵ʲôֻܶ˵һ䣺ллˣ
ʱϸˡ˵ҵǸʹˣϾ͹ˡ˵ͷʱһźӰǵǰǸʹߡǸʹߡңЦЦеΡ˵İɣ˵Ĳǵ飬й顣
Ǹʹߡ˵ͷ˵ϸղѾ˵ˡ˵ſ˿죬һ˪ŭʹߡæʩ񣺡λ֮ʽ˵
ʹߡ˵ԭ˵ǲܵġȻҲ顣ҡ
û뵽ʹߡȻϰæüͷ˵ǰɣ˼ǡ㲻æ
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Ƕһ㶣û뵽ʹߡȻһӾ;ܾǡҼǵʹߡǺܺ˵ģҲ͵ܳҪ顣Ϊʲôôأ
ЦЦọ́ˡԼһһһ档ǡʹߡЦЦһڡ³һ̣һܡ
ҿһġʹߡĵ˵һţǿҲɣʹߡһ̣³˵Ҳһ顣¹ϵ̫ˡ˵͵ۿ˿죬˵Ұǣһ⣬ҲܵͷġҲ롭
ҿšʹߡֹӣ֪һһʲôĵġֻǲһ˵һĺ˪ϵ˵ǡʹߡǹ˭ܵģ
ʹߡ˵㻹û磬Щ֪ȻʵꡣߵġŶ֯ЦЦһΪʲô֪ǰĿɲǣˡȻ֯ڻʽġԲԣ
ʹߡһ㶣˵ͷ˵˵öԣȷʵʽģڿڡҲΪǡ
һ֣ǿƵĴˡʹߡĻ˵ǲңǿҲҪɢˡʱһҲһж
ʹߡ˵ǣִҲ춨ģʱ߶ԼģҲΪ˽ܣ̰ţһͿ֮۲ž֮ĶṹרŸꡣ˵ţ˿Һ͵˵ˣλ¬֮⣬ôǴûչһ
һ˵졯ѵ޲𣿡˵ŰЩõʮţ˦ˡʹߡǰĴӡİڡʹߡǰʹߡ˿û˵ʲôҸоھҵĶ
컰һת¬˵ҲǸܽаĵˡҵǰС̽¬ͨ˺Ҫ顣ҲӦһеˡ԰ɡŪսǵӻùûˣǵݴֻ֮кӹǲңֻ֮֮кӹ˲·󣬵վӣ⡣
Ҳò죬ŪȨӿƣǰϵ־ĵڡʹߡ档
ٿʹߡһץͷһ̣ҸṆ̀ѾûˡǿһЦЦֵһ֧̣ϡʹߡǿмĵ˵ͷ
ʽ˵ǲһҪæֻǡʹߡһУǲǣһҲҹ飬ʱ򲻹ʲôǶᵹùǻԼơδδӣԼˡ
ʹߡͷ˺ˮزһ¡ͷ˿ҡЦЦ㿴ʲôҿɰﲻ㡣ǺúõæҪҲû취һҪ϶֮λõġô㻹Լðɣ
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ҺһǰɣҪǸʲôǸʲôأҪҿǱˡ
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ðΡϸ˵ϴô£ǲҰĲãҿ˿죬ʼ˵㻹ʻϰɡ
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ҿ죬еˡ֮ԳΪйΨһһŮʾԲżȻġҶ˵ʱ䲻ˣҲϢɡҵ裬ط󣬻ϵһһڤֽԱɡ
˵ͷ˵ţҸյ䣬ܶ黹ϰߡô꣬¬鷳յ鼮˽һ硣
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Һص˷䣬˵ϹĺȡЦЦȻˣһȻвȡҵ˵ϹҪȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǰɡҲǷ·תеΪʲôǡߡˡһкڤڤעġһж
ңͷҵǰ˵Ϲ᲻ᵽȥңҵһֱšһµĸоеʹһֱȥ£ڻҪԵġ
û˵ʲôҲ֪˵ʲôֻܱͻ뿪ҡҲرҡ
ǿԹ˷ͿųȥˡҸϴ˸绰Ϻòʱ͸ϵˡһңҵļһȭСӣԽԽæˣһ涼ˡ
ЦЦҲ밡Ǻܶ鶼û취ʱ䣬úǾ۾ۡôæ𣿡ϺٺٵЦЦǰĺæܼ򵥡
ûףʵô£Ц˵ǰһٱţǷдúϸǸ֯ԱдȻæԱֱͿˣѾץ˶ʮˡ
ҵ˵ͷе벻ףӦǹؼߺģѵҪͶһ
ڷ㶣˵ôˣ֪ô£ЦЦ֪Ҳ˶ѡ˼ҵɫôáһܸˡ
ϺٺٵЦȻˣһֱҲǸ˼һüͷҲǼһˣȥܶĵطҪǲµò뾳¼ûС
ϵ˵ͷСӲµõǲǸʦҲҲˡҲûг¼


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һ㶣ȡҼˡڴҲǸһҲһ鷳ļһʱҪ͹ؼߺѯһ¡
ҶԴ˵ǸȲͲˡҲǺҪˡļҲҪŵߣִ̫ţ֮⡣
Ϻһˣ˽ͷҪҩõ岻Ḵԭġô׷Źߣ
̾˿˵ô˵ĲöԸ㻹СĵɣǵôҸķ䡣ЦЦץץԴҿŴϵӣСǲǰҸķŪˣϺٺٵЦˡ
ҡҡͷСӣǵģЩ㻹¡һٸһб޻ϲںЦЦʦ˵ҲʱǲġġҴûҪ˼Ҳʲô¡
һЦ洫˳úĵúܿġϿ˵㿴ЩŮһһߴߴģ˼Ůһ̨ϷڼҴŻ᲻ܱưѾͷһֱܺöġ
ЦЦ԰ɣҲȥ֣ûôܡϵ˵ͷҲǵģɣϾ˵ȥˡ
ЦЦ˵ͷ֪ˡվǴݣûʲô¡ɡϵĻû䣬һǰɣҲôģû뵽Ȼ˺뵽һȥ
ҲҲ֪ϹġѾͷ֪ʲôʱˣߵıڻżڴϹ˵粻ɡϿǸŴ˵ǶĲ綯ֵġֻ룬Ѿõˡ
ЦЦ޽ͱѾʼ̼ˡҲ˳Ů˾һ̨Ϸˡ־ù˺ܶơƣͷҲƵĸŹһɹ̫һߴ֡
Ϲһ߿һ˵תˣԺĻ᲻ˡϧֵܽǡΧ̿ãųǩӲŸʳտʱʳˡҿһ򣬵ݸЦЦָǩһ˵СЦЦѼݸС
ϹЦĽӹ˼˵ϰãԣáһ߳Ŵϸ㳦һЦſϹʵΪʲôҸѣôãҸӦòѾϹЦŲ˵˵ȻѾˣûҵʵĶѡԵⶫȻˡ
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ЦЦԸ־˵־ˣһȵưɣ־˵ͷĬĬһƿƣһڡҡҡͷ涺ǲ˵ЦЦǾֶϹ˵ʦô
Ϲһǵģ治֪ôģʦһˣûʲôҪϢһˡ˵˾ô飬ô죿Ҫϰȥ˾Ұɣ
ҸϽҡͷɱˣʦ˵˼Ҳû˵ӡӦûʲôµġ˵뻹ǱңҿûӡҿӦøʦ绰ôˣ
ҵЦСӻذһͷһ֪ʲôʱʦѾվҵˡǸϽʦõطʦ¡ֵݸơƺͼʦЦҡҡͷҾĹƺտҾͲˣҵ˿ϡЦЦô޽ȥʦݲ衣
ǱߺȱĴҶܿġʱг뿴ȥǿųϴе㣬㣬ͲˡϽɡǿͣ˳³ܵһߴ˳ţɶЦ˳ϴһڣȫˡ˴һţע󡣡
ǿ˹ָλãǿ˵ǵģȻտϹӸǿһƿ˵ΪʲôҪ㣬˼ұȥҿɶ˺òáɶЦЦ˵˿ɲΪҡҪܶණ
ǿǿǿٺٵЦˣӦоУݺ涼ˡҵȻ֪ǿ˵ʲôǱ˾һͷˮ˵鷳ˡȫ˾ͺãȾơ
ʱ򣬴ϵĵ绰ϿŵĻζ壬һ͵绰һֹţˣûˣˡ绰ߵһߡʱ˻ʵôֳˣϿ˿ңȽ֣ʵСӣ׳ȥʲôˣ
üͷûʲôôˣҼҳ˵ǵǣҼҳҲҲиСֵĺҴ㡣װɵС֣ǸС֣
˵㲻ǵˡǺУʱиСֵģҴġװĵʵңʲôϿҡҡͷߣСӲ˵ʵˡߣ֪ʲô
ЦЦôشģϺһҵȻ˵ֻ˵޿ɷ棬ˡҵ˵ͷ
ǿӲ춼ʳˣɶڸ㳦ǿ˵ˡԶɣҿǿӣЦ˳
ˣҶɢˡСȥˡǿͿɶˣ¥ϵϢ־ҲԼķˡ
ʦǲżҾһߣ졣ʵûˣ
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ЦЦȻ˺ܶණϧûʦ˵Ѿˣûûʦүȥˣ˵ôˣˣ
ʦ˵ʦүȻصģѧʶԨ˵ĺ֪ܳʶ֪ԺǲǿԾ
ʼ򣺡ҾͲ֪ˣҲ֪ǸصģңҲҲġʦЩʧ˵Ҫ㣬һˡҵ˵ͷĿʦ˳ȥ
صӾرϵϣеɣȵ衣ʦүһ˳Ǻǣû뵽ҲҡҸһ裬˵ҪҪҰʦлģ
ʦүҡҡͷˣˡһ˵ţһҵĶ档Һһڲʵʲô˼ⲻˣ
ʦүЦЦ˵Щ鰡ˣЩҲʲôˣĸǺúøһҲ
ҿ˿ʦү׼Ƹˣ


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ʦүһĪЦݣźӺһڲ裬ĵ˵ͷڸ֮ȷʵԷʲôƸء᲻Ƥҡ
ЦЦһǾӱȽ˳ۡҪûƤңҿŻ治˳ۡô˵Ƥһиˡ
ʦү˿ңþò˵ҵѣҵ˵ͷǰȻ˲̫ýҶ˽Ҳࡣ⼸㵱ˡҿ˿ʦүʵ㲻ûѰɣ
ʦүҲ˿ңĵ˵ͷ˵ûСôҶûѡҾȵĿ˿ʦүҲ֪һﵽжˣûѿǹҵġ˵Ƴʱ˰飬飬Ѳֹһǿʦѡ
ʦүͷðβ̧ͷ˵һסˣѡҵ˵ͷʵˣѾڷˣϡʹߡͷͻǲǽͻϺú̸̸
ʦү룬ҡҡͷһǲˡǶҵ̫ˡһʱŪסҵ˵ͷҲԣһǧˣ治һ˵׵ġʦү˵ǰѻϴ˳ĿԵĻϹŮҲġСǣǵսǿġΪϵӡ
е㲻ףΪʲôŻôꣿʦүҡҡͷΪңҵ֮²ŻġǶԻϻʮĵġһ϶ģһΪõġ
ҵ˵ͷˡʦү˿ֱ˵ˣʱٹ㡣ˣǸƮʬе˼һ㶣Ƕʲô˼ʦүиЦЦȻе˼ƮʬķѾʧˡ֮ʧˡһû̫ףôʦү˵㻹ǵáϵġ塯𣿡
ҵ˵ͷǸطһҲƮʬʲôϵʦү˵ʵһʬʬ塣ǿĸʬҪġҪ֡ƮʬЩһֱƲǿЩǲдβƷ
һǰɡЩǷƷʦү˵ͷҿҵǾ߸ʬǳȤһΪǾǡƮʬо֮󣬲žе㲻ԾҷǸͲǡƮʬǲдƷ
׷ʵ˭Щʬأʦүüͷ˵Ҳ֪֮ǰЩصıⶫɹǡҲоĳָʬûáҲҪƮʬֻǲ֪ôѡ
üͷǰɣֻΪҪɱôˡǺݶѵº͹ûйϵʦү˵Ҳйϵǲ֪ʲôϵֻϵҪһ¡
ʵһֱΪЩǺ͹ûйϵҲʦүйϵӦú͹ͷйϵֻʣǰһͷֲ֪ҼǵԭڵµģôڱҪ飬е˼
ʵôҪȥǱߣʦүҡҡͷǵûСǸطȥҲûáȻҵİ취ȥ顣üͷҪʲô飬Ҫ磬㡭
ʦүҡҡͷ²żҪȥҲҪʱģҶ˺˽ģŪȨԲްյĽ뵽ġҪǲµûЩӣǼҾ˼ҵʱйˣһΪԼ̺·ġͻ֪ˡġ
ЦЦѾ̹ˡѾͶأֻͰѸʹߡŵùǺһŽ쿴ıء
ʦү˵ͷɡҪˡЦЦ㱣ذʦү˵ͷ˵ʦǿá˵ʧſڡ
صϣŴſڡʦүĻȻǴôһ˿ظУͻȻһúС֮ǰʶǸһܲһ˺ܶζҲôһ˹ڹ¶ҲڼϹ֮аȼеİˡ
ĳǿŸ˹ҵʵôˣһţԣϣʦүҵ˵ͷСӣôô֪ʦүǿЦЦ˵Ǹˣһ̴ζ㲻öѡʲô
ҡҡͷҲûʲôֻġҲҪѣ˵һֱûѣҸǾѡǿһ۾ףǰɣ˾Ȼ˵ֻĺ飡
ҰǿһۣʲôģһûͿɶ飿˵ǸʲôȥˣǿٺٵЦЦûʲôҲؼҶѡˣǲӦðǶˣһԴ˵ˣмҲˣʦүȡǿʵרҵ˭óǸӤɷ˵ˣʦүĶඣһûˡҪúøһ£һԹܴġ
ǿЦЦİɣˡһ͸ȣȻһٱ顶ҵ˵ͷ㿴Űɣ
վߵҵĳϣӳβó˺ֽܶƷӦоУֽĹŮԣֻܶƷһ󳵡ЦЦСĵǺȫЩ˻᲻
ǿЦ˵ô˵Ҳһϣû㶫ʲôӡɣԼҵԺӣҵ˵һˡ
ҺǿЩһȦд˵ʽܵ֡
յĲˣǿ˵ʣµԼ㶨ɣҪȥСˣеæˣҾͲˡҵ˵ͷ
ЩˣҵǰһΣ͵ʽܳҵǰʽܿңЦ˵¬͹ĶЩʲôϡŹֵġ
˵ң¬ǵĶڵĶҪѧϰġѧ˾Ͳˡ
ʱϺӿ̧ͷ˿죬˵ʹˡֻһۡ˵ңǰڼݻعʽܶ˵չĹǲ߰ȥ
ЦЦǰһΣһȻе֣ҲǺ߽УҲϽ̻Ի͡мϸ߸ϡһߵĹŮ˵¬ǸŮǹɣһӣ档
ҶԵʽ˵ҹϣЩŮģʽЦЦģչ𡣡
ղȷʵ˺öĹŮģСˡʱ򣬹ſһǰһ߽ˡ


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ǰǸʹߡںûһָݵļһ壬üëܳϵˡͷûͷ̧֮ͷơ
ʹߡǰʩ˸˵ϣλǡʹߡϴ󡣡Ǽһ̧ͷ˿죬˵ǳüˡ
΢΢סųü˵Щʹߡ죿ʵҲ⡣޷һﾹȻЩʹߡϴЩʹߡǿӣû뵽ǵϴȻӡ
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ЦЦֱ֮ӳü˵νΪȻ죬Ӧ֪ǡ졯ѵ˵𣿡ʽųüü˵ͷüëµĶšӺǻ
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ü˵ͷ˵ҲеֻڤµڤӺɨ磬ʮͷԴԽ磬˻ǣ֪׼ôԸأ
û˵վִӲҴŵĹͷߵ˳üߣ˵Ĺͷǲüһ㶣ЩСͷ˵Ӻ񡣲ЩͷûôСɣ
ЦЦԭȷʵܴ󣬶úܣھͱˡʮһĹͷǿԶԸ˰ɣ
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ʹߡͷ˵ҲûʹҰ֪üһת˿ң˵˵ˡϣ֮ǰЩ鲻֪Ҳûסȫˡûʲô˵ˣǡʹߡ۵ǲܲ顣СǻûġȻǲܲսǶæġ
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ҺЦЦ˳ɹĵһҲ˳ˡü˵Сߡܿͻһͳ硣Ҫһ顣
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һͷˮʲôʲôģҶǺסһˣ˵ҿҵزȥأʵü˼ҿҵزü˵ͷ׷ʵȥأüҡҡͷô֪㵽ʱͻ֪ˡ
ұŪһͷˮֲʣֻˡü˵Ժʲô£ҸղŵǸһͿˡˡϾҰɡ˵ͷǺãڡüһΣʧˡ
ʽܶ˵ϲϣȡˡʹߡİСߡ˵ſ˿ҡЦЦİɣһȫԸ˵ҿҵزҾ벻ס˵ˣ˵ġһҵġȻҵ˵زˣվߣ˵һ޴֧֣ҲҲûʲôʲôҲ赲ͳһĽŲ
һŵ죬аޣǹûһһ͸Ҫָӣǻ˵á
ҳǸصԺ˿ʱҹʱ֡ط䣬ӭ߳ǿǿ˵ˣôˣ
Ұ˵һ飬ʵôˣ˳ˣǿ˵ͷˣСȻԹأûʲôҵԺܿȥˡҲû뵽ôˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˸ղųüĻǿ˵ȥӾرġǿνЦЦô㲻żûȥó֧̣ݸǿһ֧ˣһߵӾرϣ˳ϡ
ҳһ̣˵ղųü˵˵ز䡣ԭеĳ̵ǿһУ̲˵ϡһץסң˵زҰǿ䣺㼱ʲô˵Ǹüû˵زֻ˵ҿҵ
ǿе˵ȥҰʼ򣺡Ҳ֪ȥҰ˵ʲôز紫Ϊˡ˲֪ԼǵزתҲǻûп˵ֻҲҵܱΪزҪҵʲôܻص硣
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ҿ˿ǿͻһ̣˵ףʲô򣿡
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ЦЦǿҪϽȥҪǿСӶԵˡ˵ǿûԣϾһֱӾرϣϷûԣء֪Щʲô
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ҿŸ־һеһﲻôԸ˵û뵽װô顣ЦЦʱҲߣˣġʳ־ҡҡͷܶأϹ͹ġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ɣҿŸ־šȥӾصıϡ
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˵ͻȻе⣬ͣסԼ˵ǿ˵һͲ˵ˣתͷңʵô˵ˣҿǿüͷ˵̤Ьٴȫѹ㡭ǿһ̣ʵôˣ
ҿǿ˵᲻Сӡǿһ㣺ʲôңôˣһһٵ˵ǲǾǵز
ǿһһ˵˵ôǵزҷôͲأ룬ʶһŷģзԵҲ㣬˵ʵĻ㡣ΪʲôͲأ˵ˣͻָǰļˣ𡣺һš顷ʱҲǿհҳǰҲһͨˣǵزʲô⡣ҿһ㡣
ǿ˿ңҲ˵ǵ˺ܾǿ˵¬磬㿴ҵҲûʲô䡣ҵԴһƬհס㣬һز
µĿ˿ǿǿ۾ܼӣĲزһҲûСеһܻåͷ΢΢ƮǺŰص̣˭Ҫ˵ֱһЦ
ҲԼжϲ˻ɣС˵ʲô侲侲ǿ˶˵زҺҪǴڡڷУ˵زͺҵӲࡣҾ;һϣˡôԿЦأ
Һ˵ҸͲǿЦҾôģǿǿӣֻðѵߵĻȥ̾˿˵ðɡȥңȻûĿģҿԺ֣û׼㿴ô
ǿ˵ͷðҲĿҵ˵ͷתȥͷҲվĸҵ󣬻ʱĻͷһǿѣӺЦ


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ͷһοͷôֵı飬ǰǲںеı飬ڳЦֺһڿһִԲĺӡ
Һ͡ͷߵ˱ſڣ߳ǿߡҶ壬˿ͷʵСЦʲôôֵֹģͷǸ飬۾˿ңҡҡͷβ͡Ƶ˿˸ĵطſ
̾˿Сʲôֻ֪ǲ˵Ӿǻ˵ҲԸ˵ҡҡͷ¥ʰҵ·Ҷ˵߰ɣȥְɣؿңǰɣ̫߳ˣôҹ֣
ҺٺٵЦЦȷʵǺϲ֡ҲӦõġٺ١߰ɣܺãһȥãЦˣУһŵĻߵҵߣ´һ£˵֪ô£ѾԼˡҪһȥɣ
ץץԴҪС绰ˡҡҡͷѾ쵽ˣ˵ҪΪ˵ɫѵġҪǺһȥɡЦЦû취ˣһȥɡҸ˾Ͱ˹
Һ¥ʱѾˡС˾ڼţҿĿȥʵϰ壬ôôáҪ֣ЦЦҲûʲô¡¡˵㻹ҪԼ˾Ƕã
˵лװܶණԿáЦֱ˵ɣֺαôɡҺٺٵЦЦ
ҵнͷܶȻϢգɺܶࡣ˵طͣ˳ȥҶ˵ûʲô⣿Ǵʲô˵СѣҪǵĺҲ߻˺ܾˣҪѶ¥ճķһӤĶ˵óһͼֽҴͼֽһһӤķͼļҾߺͳ趼Ƶĺ
ҿһ˵¹򰡣ŪЩ¹򰡣ϹЦ˵Ҳûʲô¡ȻҪµ㹦ˣˣҲҡҡͷѾˣֻܸǰῸˡЦſ˿ңҲܰῸˣʲô߰ɣǿߡ
磬Ƕڼ̳תתȥ˺ܶĶִ˲ƣӣҲúܿġʱ̳߳Ѿ˺üӶˣ˵ĺܶĶضˡ
Ҷ˵ҪǳԹٻȥɣȴҡҡͷǻȥ԰ɣҪ޽ָòˡĶҲҵ˵ͷһͣĵطȥһ룬ͻȻָоҸоڸǣҿԸ˵񣬺ݺݵء
ûţСĵĽ䱸šŮ˵ĺ档һֱ˳ӵıϣҰѶŵ˺ĳɿԸܵõǸ˺ǸҲҷɣ˳ҲϽϳš
һۣüͷ΢壬ȴû˵ʲôҿ⳵ȥǵĿۺ󾵣Ǻ沢ûʲôǡֱ˸ٵĸоȴʵʵڵġܹרҵѵģǶڸٺͷҸóֻƾŸоҾͿȷһʲôǡֿѵʲôֵĶ
һ߿ųһչԼĸ֪źϹһ·϶ĸͣ˵򵽵ЩźЩӡҲЦŸţȴʱ濴š
ܿ죬ǵ˼ֱӰѳ˳⡣־ͳ̽öֱ˸ٵĸоҲʧˡ߻صԺ棬ܿšܾĵʲôûСߵҵߣ˵ǲ˸ǣһ㶣˿ôҲоˣ
˵ͷȻô˵ҲרҵġЦЦʵרҵģûпʲôڸǣҡҡͷ֣Ҫ㡣Ϲ֪ʲô𣿡
Ҳҡҡͷһʲô·СΪϡ½Ҵɣ㲻õģܰȫЩ߰Ķҹġȥɣֻõ˵ͷԼСĵ㡣ȥ裬һ𿴿Ķ
ߵӾرϣĳϡҰĵطԺӶ۵סҵһ֧̣һڣܡͻȻҿԸЩ龰ҵСҿԸܵ죬޽ͳ̽æͷſ־һ裬߹ӾضĻϣкܶڷ衣ΧκζһһӲҵĸ֪һֺĸоȻûиܵҪҵĸٵļһָоѾҸо˼ˡ
־ߵҵߣ˲ҵһ裬Ƶҵǰҿ˿־ʵǿأ־Ҷ£˵Ծһ㶣ôˣǿʲô£־ҡҡͷǿô˻ʲô£˵е㲻Ծ
Һһڲ裬ʵ˵ʲôԾ־˵˵ﲻԾҸе⸽Щ⣬ʲôڼǡû뵽־Ҳĸоüͷ־˿ң˵ģһʬǽʬһֺĸоҿԸеǱڵΣա֮ǰҲ֪һֱͻȻֵġ
ҶڽʬǺ˽⣬־ǸʬŽʬĹӦûһЩĵطĸоҲ֡ʵʲôڼǣ־ҡҡͷҲֱֻ֪ӵĸоҵ˵ͷҲĸоӲнֿʼҾ;˸ңһֱصҲûŪʲôڼǡ
־˵ͷԭҲĸоǾͲˡô죿ҡҡͷʲôҲװ֪¡־˵ͷʵǿȥˣ
־˵֪˲ˣ߶߶ġҡҡͷоȻе㵣ġ
ͻȻסҸеҶǽʲôԽ־Ǳ߿ȥֻǰһΣһֻèΧϡһ㶣ôֻèһﵽô£겻ɢǸҡҴԽ֮ûһôֳˣѵһֱң
־ҷ㣬ҿŵķ˹ȥҲֻè־˵ֻè⣿ɿֻè⣬Ҳôã
־˵ƺǿԲһĺèǵĺ


ʮ è
룬ֻèߣᾭҵСϴδԽʱڹķȹңֻ˵˼仰Ҳûɣγһʲô˵
ҶźèһιȻˣȿڲɣֻèһƹӾأܵǵߡ
Ǻèһϣһϡ־ľȵĿһСҵ˱èʵ㲻Ե޹ʵĵɣ
è˿ңп˿־ƺǡ˵ûµģԼֵܡ˵ɣè˵ͷ˵ԣȷʵ¡Ҫ顣־һ߾ȵĵ۾˵ǰɣͷô˵ֻèȻ˵ҵ˵СֵģèȻ˵
־ͷ͡׷ʵʲô飿è˵иҪԸǣһʦʲôȵġüͷȣȻѾʧܾˡ֪Ϊʲôֻأ
è˵˵ܱܵŪˣһҪ㱨ģٻ˺ܶҪԸ㡣ʵǴ˵ģè˵ҾǱٻģ֪ҪԸ㣬Ȼ롣ģ룬罫ƾͼƻ쵽УҪôҲ͵ճ֪ͨһ
ҵ˵ͷлл㡣èҡҡͷÿЩӦġʵȹҺܶˣΪʲôأ㾭߳֡ѾܶˣǵʲôԨԴè˿ң˵ûһΣо͹һֻСè
룬ȷʵһΡõķ棬ҾһֻССĺèҵ˵ͷȷʵΡè˵ˣǾǰǰȹҡҾһֱٺҵ㡣Ҿ뱨ľ֮һֱ㡣
־˿è˵㵹塣ﱻ˵ᱻ֪𣿡èͣЦǵһҰŪԺˣҪһʱѹҲˡҪˡǿе鷳
ҵ˵ͷèӣһɫ磬һβˡ־źèʧıӰ˵鷳ˡҺһһû鷳֪ͨǡǻ׼һ¡֪ǿܵȥˣ־˵ȥ绰ҵ˵ͷ˳ѡͷй־˵ͷˡ
룬ʱҺǿ󷨣Ӧò⡣Щ󷨺ԹĶһ㣬Ӧ취ŪԸķڻƽǸҺǿ׼ĺá
ǺʹȽֵģʱǴȵԪ񣬸ǵĽ磬Ѿˡ֮Ϊ԰̵飬һﲻöԸʱʦүмͣڿʦүҲܲˣԼ飬Ҳ鷳ʦүԼ㶨
ʱ򡰲ͷˡҶԡͷ˵Ͽܻ£ܻкܶǸȵŮʦҪֵˣһҪСĵ㡣
ͷ˵ĻһӾֻ۾񡣿ң˵ͷ˵ģұ֤񡣡
ȻǸսʿһ˵е˵ҪסһҪʾСͷ֣صĵ˵ͷӾΧתǵľڿгѰЩζ
һص鷿ҵЩһ£õŵĶ˳ҶʵôˣҶϹ˵ȻؼҰɡϹ˿ңôˣϰ壿ʲô£
ұϹ˵ʵ飬ǣ뻹ǲҪˡ˵֮ǰǸʦҪѰ𣬻кܶ㻹ȥʡۡ
ϹҡҡͷҸӲˡһҪҡҡͷȥɣΣգҲﲻæһϹһϰΣյҲˡôẦ£ȻﲻæҲվҲߡ
˵ˣϹҪߡ룬ȫġҪСȥʱʲô£ô죿һ˵ҲеϹǴȥģһйϵҪǴȷԸϹǵȷҲǺ鷳ġ
ҵ˵ͷҲã°ɣһһҶϹſĵЦˡ
ҡҡͷҶȴһǿһûõԿס̽ȥšǵ£ҵĶͻȻҺһ£һ͵תź档Цվҵĺ档һüͷôˣ
˵ôʲô˼Ҳ𣿡ҡҡͷңҡϺһʲô˼ĺôô˵ҷĶʵûɣҡҡͷ˵ûؼҿ衣߰ӣ˳㵽ٷû뵽㶼ӭ
ҶԴ˵ô᲻ӭ㣬աϴεǸʦѰ𣬻кܶҪԸЩһ˵Ĳʱ򡣡ϲں˵ʲôµģôֲ֣ûԸЩ¡Ҳ԰æ
ҡҡͷܰʲôæҾͲˡúóԷȾơǲܷŹǸһģȻҶΣաϵ˵ͷԣЩӾҪʵʩ޲׼רܿʦҲ˵񾡡һҪ׵𡣡
ЦЦ֪ࡣϻˣȥŰɣͳȥЦˣȥˡ
ʰö˳ȥ־˹ʵǿôʲôʱ־˵ˣ˵ϾͻǵҲûǵġ
ʱ޽дҳԷˣһҿ˿ǿûлҶԴ޽˵ǿ˰ɡСӲ֪ȥˡϺơƣЦ˵ǿûСͷҲûһֱжв
ЦЦͷִ㣬ǿС̽˵ȥͷͷǵģôĹȻ⣬ֻǳͷ治֪ô¡˵߶߶ĸͷͷȥˡ
ҶԼ˵ϣһغãǧϹҡҡͷУҪǽħҲ˵Ҳ뿴ʼ򣺡û취ˡǶ뿴Ҳ뿴
̾˿ǣֲʲôݡҪʵ뿴ڶ¥Ǹ濴ɣǧˣǵ𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷҲŷҾǲΪʲôһ㶼أȴеûף̲ס̧ͷ濴˿
ǿСȥأ


ʮ ǰӹ
ǣֱǳ˷ǿҲûֻ־е㵣ĵĿҡʵǿûлܶԸ𣿻ǿ᲻ʲô£
ڸ־⣬ҶشˡҲǿʲôˡǲǶԸˣҸӲ֪ϴѾ̹˴ȵġ硱ĻûԵմ˵Ƕ֮ͨڳһа취ֻǲöԸأ
ҿŽȥգͼ˽һ£Ÿ־档ͷɾѲšҿ˿ͷͷңҡҡͷʾûʲô
쳹׵ĺƺкƲ㣬һ˿¹⣬ǹ⡣ø־ĵȫˡӾĵҲˡķΧյһƬͨҶԸ־˵غ棬ǰ档ͷӦǱߵ˶࣬ȥǱߡ
־˵ͷȥҹɫˣͻȻһ紵𣬷Ӿص棬Ӿϳİ֪Ƿ̫䣬ʹˮаţ֪Ҫʲôˡ
һһ󣬷мȳζԽԽŨüͷҸеʲôҽӽ˹˵ȣ㲻Ѱ𣿳ɡҵ㡣ҵŷ紫ȥԶȴûлش
üͷͻȻеȳζˣԶ˵ҿóЩǳ񶯳Ұ̾ЩѶԸ˸СȺӴ޿ײ룬Ȼ֪ʲôӣŪĳӣ²öԸ
óһӡ󷲳Ӷ»ġһֻҰװš롱Сƿ˳ϴζԸӵʱһ˺ܴãԸЩСӣҪˡƮɢʧڷУʱȼĻ򣬴ٲнζ
ͻȻҵǰһźɫ˹ȳ֮ŨһϮһ㶣Ƴһְԣɫ̫ͼǸȥһ죬̫ͼǸײһ𡣺ɢĺɫҷ˹
һת˹뵲סЩɫĳӣû뵽ϵΧȻѳɺһĶȻޣЩɫĳһײͱˣ䵽˵ϡûʱƣϽּסһֻӡõǰ˿ǳѾˣǴûģͷСǳ޴Ŀм仹һϸĹӣʳʲôġӱҧˣһܡ
˦˳ӣųˡ롱ִ˼šŻ߲ԶĵطȼǱкܶĴ򡣶߷ɹ޷ƣָֻ롱Ըˡֻܿšһ󣬺׼кܶࡣ
һת˱ſڣֹϱĴšЩӾͲܷɽˡվſڣǲֵıסײϵĳӣЩһײǲ㱡һĶ䵽˵ˡ
վſڣ˺һܷһƬƬİɫġ롱Щһǲһɵ˴ССĺϡоȻġɼ˫ڶ롱Ѵ󵶡
ƹ£Ĵ󵶷׷ɣŰɫĹâЩɫĳȻҧˡ롱Ǹܰѡ롱ô롱һءʱϣӾУ˺ܶɫʬ塣
ҿЩʬ˵ͷС롱ȻԼԸЩӿҪЩۡʱҸӵǿˡСӵܵȥˣ᲻ʲô⡣˵־˵ӦϻġΪʲôʱ˻Ӱ
ţȴ˺ԺʲôӺԺˡ֪־ǲǵסִܴ󣬻ʲôڵŵ
Ҳģ˿С롱ЩڳӵսսȻɫӵĸܶ࣬Щ롱׺ݡҵǷĲ١룬һҧ˱ܵ˺š
ҲˣȻǸ־Щ߰Ķһţ˳ȥֻ־͡ͷںͼšΧϸ٣ǡҴһСġȥеġҫʡųЩϸٵټ⡣Щټ⣬ҵġҫʡУ˻ȥ
־ң˵ôˣǰûе𣿡һĻӳҫʡЩϸٴɡһ˵ôûУС롯ԸأôҲԸ˰
־˵ûµģǿԵģȥɡЩϸٸˣһһŵ˹뵽ˡԭס˳Ҷԡԭס˵ȥȥЩĸøӡ
ԭס򣬷˳ȥЩϸƺܼɵԭס׷׶㿪ԭס֮һֱĸȥ
־ʵʲô˵ǡԭסһֲͳԡЩһᱻԵġǿ󣬵סžˡ
־͡ͷţںϺһ߶ԸЩһҲ˵ǰǸոտϣһ˹ҸиϽֵǸ˵ϣһŤ塣֮󣬾Ͳˡ
ʱ򣬸˳䵽ϼ֮ͲˡԭסĺֻôһֻͰĸεˡ־Ҳĵ˵һҰװšԭסСƿ˸־УţһûˣϽѡԭסǼһջȻеľͷᱻԵ
־һ߽ƿӣһֹǰɣһôʱһèлҹգǽĲ֪ǰԺһб״
ҶԸ־˵ˡȥǰԺ
ţܽ˱ǰ档ǰսѾˡصĺڳʬ壬һȺ롱֪ȥֻһֻɵҵߣ֪һߵֻ䵽ҵСͬʱѰè
ҲûпèҶԡ롱˵ллˡţǻصԭĵط롱ҵһȦóǸƿӣ롱Լ˽ȥ
ƿӣȥèͻȻˮһӰ˹һ㶣ûʲôһӰб˳ײ֮ǰǸӰֻеϽ˼ˮ飬һſǰ״
ҵǰһߣôߣһֻèҲֻèײһèҧŴߵĲӣ߽زè
һôˡֻߴӾңèû⣬Դһߴ˳Ѵײˡ


ʮ èսͷ
һһҸϽȥһóˡҫʡͷ˹ȥͷҹȥˣͻȻͷֻǰһΣͷһӱ˾Ÿ
һһʱ䲻֪ôˡ֪ȥһͷˡͣСͷҧҵ֣ĸèҧȥҸϽ֡è߽زţˡٿͷߣÿͷô󣬺һĴٶһж࣬ĸͷһҧϿɲġ
Ѿèˣֻۿͷߵĸͷҧè̲סеСģʱǼӰ˳񼸵硣ҿʱ򣬲ŷ֣Ǽֻè֪ܳģÿֻèһͷ
èٺٵЦоŸͷоŸȻһСèҧסһͷЩСèȻ󣬿쳣׺ݣҧͷͲɿˡͷߺʹȫھΡèҲûѳ˾ͷߵĲơ
èһߣȻǸղűͷյĲᡣϵػζ塣Ǿͷ߲ϵطţ˦ͷϵСèЩСèƶҧɽɵӡ
Ȼ䣬ͷͻȻøˡˮ״ϸŸͷҲˮͰϸһӾУӾеˮĵǡ
èһֽУֻСèһΣˡͷߵľŸͷӾе˳ʮֻ۾ҺèŸӲϵҵ˻˻
ҿһèèһӾȥÿһͱ٣˾ŲèȻϻһСèվӾرϺ;ͷ߶šվں棬֪ǲӦùȥæ
ͷмͷǰ̽һ£˵èΪʲôèһʲôҾҪʲôɣͷ߾Ÿһͦè˾ŵҺè߸Ծ𡣶㿪˾ŵҺҺ罦˵ϣ˻˻ðỤ̋ɼǶҺж඾
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ʣµͷײèͷߵӾһͦԾȥèǰһͷߵ壬Ӿرϡͷ߱ŭβè˹ȥèܿ죬ɵ˾ͷߵİΧȦͷһͦ޴èȥèɵĶ㿪ˡͬʱצֳַָּףھͷߵϺݺݵػһ¡
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ھͷ߲صıŭˡͻȻʣµ߸ͷ͵ͣסˣͬʱſ˾޿ڡһȻ߹ɻ档ȻèҲû뵽ͷ߾ȻһСһʱҲסˣյèϣèһҽУ˾ͷߵȦӡ
ҸϽ˹ȥè˴ϵĻ𡣿ǻаĺܣĴ˼¸ûа취èһתӾСͷһҲˮС
ǾͷǽˮУˮеҵèϽ˹ȥèûˮֻͣת˸˳ϵĻҲϨˡֻϵëյİ߲úܣͺͺģѿ
һϽͳһš˦ˣӾСӾ˲䱻סˡǾͷߵһͷ¶۵һ³һ̡Ͳˡ
èſҵߡܹȥôèҡҡͷû뵽ͷ߾Ȼ˻𹥣ôأҡҡͷܳʤҪô˵㣬û¡èҡҡͷҡ
ҿè۾һӵ͵һ֪ΪʲôҪ㿪ǵľ̫Ķֿ죬ҸͶ㲻ǰһèȴû˵ҵϣ˵ҵ󡣽һƺߡ
ҸϽתè۾ϡġұèȴèһͷһˡèͷûղųұǵʱҧҡûз֣èˡè͵ҵϽһͷҧˡ
ҸϽժͷҡèòè۾ʵôèҡҡͷ˵ǺǣͦáһˣҾͲǷˡ
ҸϽ˹뵽è壬ҷһжѾˣèѾˣҲ֪˵ʲôźãֻǽرèèһӱСˣͺһСèеǸСèǸģľͷѹŵĿСè
ͻȻеĺʹʲôץһ¡ҵ˳Ŵȡʱܴ˽ŲҿԸоܶĶҿұèվֻСһڱҡš
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ͻȻǸֻĵҡһ¡ʣµЩСʼƶˡʱҿһֻֻ˱ǽ׸ߵΧǺͬ衣ֻһԾ˽ҵһǡҲɵе㷢ٿڱֻͣûж
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濴ţЩǲűȥȴֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀţȴް취ҪϽѡ硱ҷһСְԡš硱ȥɫ̫ͼײˡ硱Ϸһ졣Ǻڡ硱޶ҡ
ҪٷȴһЦ֪ЦǴȵġŴȵĹȻˣҵġ硯Ĳһ֮ǰļ˺ѣҾҪ㿴׵ҵ
üͷû뵽ôԼסң֡ҿԿЩߵǰײűĴšļ٣Сɲܹƴȵġ硱ȴǣסҶҸеȵĹҲǿƴסҡ
һ죬ЩİѱײˡҸӽǸѲţͻȻ߽ŵһͷǱײķ˳һֱײ˽棬ˤ˵ϣûϢһͷĴд˳


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дϲô˵ͷҲޣЩȻ׺ݣǡͷӦòǰɣȻ˵ûֲȺǡ롰ͷӦû⡣
죬ֱֻ˳ſڵҲ˿һЩͷվһ򵱹Īӡ͸ŷԿԺԺҲкܶǣ־ڿ֧š
Ҹһ񣬾͸еȵĹӿҵؿһƣûȥϽʰ飬רĶԸȡֻѡ硱Ҳǡ
ߵġͷ߳˱ְѴŶˡЩεΧšͷƺżǰǣͻȻһҪ򡰲ͷȥͷϽ׼ӭսֻǼٶһߵȴ˹ȥ
ͷҲ𣬴ͷеһײȥһӣһ˼䡣ͷһȻײˣײһ£ʵڡһߵĴǰһת裬šͷҧȥ
еġͷ޷ܣֻǥһǰȣһӵǵǰءûҧͷȴͷǰһ£ǵǰһӱ˽ȥŵĴһѪ׹ȥ
ͷʽϣҲȥʱһǣһűͷĴǵڻͻȻǰצġͷĺȥǸ赲ͷûпͷƾֱҲее㲻Ծ
͵һת˺ŵĹϻǱץһ£ϳ˼Ѫۡͷˡһ졣¡
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣һж˲ɡͷ˲ɱһһǣԼҲץˡͷȻǺЩҲϣŶӾҺܸеȡԸǿĵˣһҲҪһ¡ͷġ
ʱԾܶǣȻʧȥǣֲ˸ģΧȦγˡЩǿˡͷˣѪ˷ˡͻȻһ򡰲ͷȥ
ҸӵģǸϾͷͻȻһļǣã˳ȥѪͷͣٵһߵײ˹ȥͬʱǰצһߵǡˣǡͷҲץˡ
ƳһֱǸֶһ¡Ǵ˽ΧšͷԽԽˡͷˡֻǿԿЩɵĽǱֵ뵽ڵ֮Ҳ˵ЩóսԼáͷˣǸͻˣݴ͡
ȻıҺް취ѡͷһ¶СҸӽǿ˹ǴǱߵĹҲǿסңסңҶá
ͻȻһƵĺǴӺԺġɼ־Ҳͬ⣬ȡͷңȻԻָȺ˺ҵҲûס
ٿͷߣֻܿЩǵƨɺʹβͣͷûȺˣֻвʱɳǺǷĲҽУҲ֪ͷһֱսͷҲֲ˶áô죿ѵšͷЩ˺飿絶
뵽ǿʱҪھͺˣͲľˡСӵȥأ
ţͻȻһǹ졣һӦ¡ղŻڵЩǣһ£ƺǹΪɵҿŴһ϶ϳſڡǼǹкüǵˡЩǶ˺һЩڿˡͷȻͷѪֻ۾Ƿų⡣Ӿ񻹲
΢һҲ֪ϵǹûжӵӦöˡǻô࣬ôأ
Ǳ߿ȥѲ˵͡ͷվһ𣬺ЩǶšԺִһУóǸ־ҸеһӢĩ·Ҫһ˼غţеΪ
ͻȻָеʲôǽӽˡҿһڷԽҼҵΧҰвãôѾûа취ԸˣЩ˲֪ʲô־е㲻ԾЩ˷ΧҡЩ彩ֱҡҡλεģٿЩ˵ϣûһģЩϸû⣬ӻ棬Щųͷ¶Ӻ˵ġ
ʱҸеҲкܶĶɹǺҲˣԣһ׹ЩǽʬһǸ־ƼˣЩʬ˰æ
ȻЩʬһȺ˵˺ִڵĺЩǴЩɹģνķɽһʱЩȺʼ¶ܼĺˡ
һרĶԸȡʰ飬Ҳˡôʱ䣬Եĸе˴ȵĹе㲻ˡиˣҧҧóŴȷĹ
ͬʱֻ۾Ҳʧˡ֪һˡȻе㵣ģǻǾȰѴ˵ڣǿҵĹ£ȵġ硱ѷ졣ˣҷš硱ѷȥ
һײˡ硱һֻСһɳ졣ʱѾԺӡűȥȥԸǱֿˣ־˳־ϵ·Ѿõģ۾ⱬ䡣ʮֵĿ죬ֻ־˵ңԸǸʦ
˵䣬־Ѿ˵ϣǵĴԭʼ໥һ֣ýţݣ໥Ťһͷָȥ֪Ⱦ
ҲӰҷִȺǰһˣǺʱĲֵ񣬻ѵһ˳ĺ塣
ȵƬ򡣺һ޴ĺҸһ͵һɫ֭Һ㿪гˡҫʡһ֡ҫʡŴȴȥ
ȶųȥ㿪ҵġҫʡһ˦֣ҫʡһӱ䳤ˣ˸ȦŴϲȥĳһ䵽˵ϡ
жţȶݺݵ˵СˣȻʬ֡ǲŹġҵҪĽʬ࣬ٻࡣ
˵Ŷݺݵؿңдʣһ˦һд˷Ĳɵ˿Сǲڿɢ˵Ļ⡣ͺһźŵҸокܶĶڴ˹ҲûʱȥЩȰ˵ʵǶ񶾣
뵽óˡ๭ͽŴ˹ȥһУҿ˴Ťסȿ䵽ǽӰ׷Ŵſзȥ


ʮ ȫû
Ҳ߸ߵķŴ׷ȥȻȲ֪һŽһɹѽĹһײ͸赲Ŵȷȥ
Ѿ˴ȵǵľʵ̫ˣѾѶ㿪ˡǴȻִԲִһŹѽƵһߡʱҲɵˣһеġҫʡŴȵߴȥס˴ȵ·
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ڷ㶣ǽͲӰ졣ֱеһȶȥǸȴʧɫжϾͱһȵϷ˽⣬ǲŵɫȥȥ
ʱѾعȥصˤڵϡҲ䵽˵ϡŴȡ˴ȵһȦֻصҵС֧Ҽѵ˵㣬㣬ⷨʲôô
ҺһҪѾûˡȥȥɣҲһΪͿ𣿸㣬ҵġѾ߲ˣûȡ
üͷôЦЦ˵Ѿ˳һˣ壬ôһһ˵ŴŤ壬ϵıʹࡣüͷĿţ֪ҪʲôΪӦóڰǿӣϱĶе²ȥ֡
ʱһֻ޴ĺӲĴӴȵ˳
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һһ߶ȥǸҲת˹ҫʡǸϡҫʡǸӲһԼǸӺ˸һҪ˶ǸӵͷͻȻһɺǺһߣšҫʡǹӵĲƴҴ˹
ǹɺң˳šҫʡҲСģͿǸߡ֪һʲô·ҪǶ㿪ֻܷ֡һҧɿšҫʡ֣һתһСβŴȥ
ȵעϣҲû뵽һͻȻ֡һźݺݵߵ˴ȵϡǺĶӣֻȥģһҽУˤ˳ȥһȣֻҵţ
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Ǵȸһ˹ͻȻҵĶͷϵҲžҵĶţʲôԾҿŴȣͻȻȵĶһӴСҴ󾪣ӦѰɣ
ȵԽԽࡣһСɽһȵĶҲȥһʱ䵹֪ôźˡɵɵվʱ򣬴һһֻֻĳӴЩƿǶ
ЩӰװֵģƺûʲôԣǺܿɰӡ̫ˡһʼ˵ļֻӡҵߣͻȻ̧ͷҿЩӶһź˵ȥǶġЩſС죬¶СС
ͻȻЩС棬Сָϸİ˿⧲һ˿߲סˣû뵽Ǹ˿ߺճȻסҡժԽժԽԽΡʱЩĳӷ׷³˿ֻеһǵصĴһӰС
һʱУȻôĴλЩ˿ճԽԽʱһ¶ܷѾˡ
ȱɵĴɵҵǰЦҲн¬˵һץϵİ˿Ȼԭص˼£Ƕͽͣϸˣ˵÷춼⡣ô죿ֵĽ
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߷ɶŵĴ˵ٽоȱҿ԰ҵľȱ˵ŷˡҿЩ׳˱ǰ档ɷ˵һ³˰˿ϣͷ⧲ˡ
־ĲɿЩ׳³˿סˣһɱ۾ĵˣزһ𡣿ʼͷԶ໥ҧšͷҲסˣˡֻ໥ĵţɱԷ
ҵĶˣ棬ЩŮˡһʲôһӲЩ׳ӵϮҾԼƽҪദ취˶ϵ˿ѣôҲϵ˿ߡ
У뵽˲ϵĹͷҿԶŹͷҲԼĹ뵽ֵѹ뵽Ҵŵһͷϡܿҽ뵽һҵľصУҵĹҺ͹ͷ֮תԽԽǿ
ʱҸез磬Ǵȷɻҵֹһҷ⿴ţһȹŵĲǱģǿ
ǿ۽գ֪ԭץǿһ鷳ˣϣҲûˡ֪˭ǣ
ʱ򣬴Ϻ͸־ͷĺһһڱǰŤšЩ׳Ӷӿ˱УһŤһ߻ħˡ


ʮ 
ҵĹתСͷֻĽҲøӶҡԼŪúܣԭЩ˿žͺܣڹתҵзĽţܡ
֪Լȥһ߻ħڻܿƵסһҪ˳ҸϽʰԼĹѹ˳ʱҵĹѾʼԿˡҷĵԼǿѹס˷Ĺ
ʱߵĴַˣɵ˱УòԾֻһ˿ĺһһץ˳ӵ˱ǰ档Ǹ˿ߵİУŤšҿ˿ǸˣҲһϹΪǸˣĻӦ͹ġأ
һ񣬹ֿʼҵзһ˸߹һˣҪըһµҵԴһԺҸϽǿԼʰ񣬰ЩĵĹѹסҵʼղܳ׵İĿԼĹΪҵνңҲûпҵǵġ
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ѾƲԼϵĹˡֻܿϹ¡˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
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ҿ˿ǿСӵɫܺڣû˱Ϣ֪ʲô顣ҸϽץǿ֣ѹ뵽ǿСǿһƬȻû


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ҡҡͷЦ˵ΪѣԸȥֻԺҪչˡҵĶûУһˡ±ֵܰɣһ˵ʲôǴѾһգͷһᣬٶˡ
Ҳţһз̫ˡһֱһ𣬸εյĺøǣҵǰҸϽѴϻѣһжͽ͡ûá
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һǲһУһֱǵÿʦ˵ġϲͲҲ˻Ըȥû뵽ֻġΪ˾ңȻĸԸȥ
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ǿųǵˡյ㡱ⶼˣˣԶÿһ·ߵ档ϵƬڶ΢ЦŹ죬žȻ۽գ͸Ӣ
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ʱǹݵ˹ҪѴˡֻ֪ҪƽȥϾͻữһҽҵһƬĿһ˳ץסϵ壬ޡã÷šҲ֪һˡ
תã˵ãˡˡſҵϼĿšֱ˹ȥ
ĵ磬õѴϡҵĺͿһЩͷؽᡣǰñ˳ȥŴϻΪҽǰѴϵĹǻҷŵһ̳档Ҳ˹˳ǻص˼С
ص˼Уõ˿ͷʱ˳˵úۣ˯ˡҵ˵ͷ˯ͦáҵװģ㻹ðɣҵ˵ͷȻģҿҪʵ˵ͷʲô
ҵ˵ҪȾơ
ǿ͸־˵ҵӾصıϣ̽ùơơӾرһȦ־ĬĬһƿơƵݸҡ
ǿ̾˿Ȼ˵ǿʱ򣬻ǺѿĿˣһǧɣ


ʮ ùȥĶȥ
һȹһƿơƣѵЦЦʦ˵ϲһû뵽һ˵ˡǿҲȹƿеľƣҳ˵͸浽һ죬Ҳе㺬
ֻи־ûʲô飬һƿơƣֻǳǳһ˵һôʱ䣬ˣҶѾľˡʵҲûʲôֻߵ˾ͷôҲûоͷĺá˾ˣڵ㻹ǿԼһжҪߣֻǳ飬˭ҲסġҲȰ㣬Ҫ˵Щ˭ףǿʦ˵ҪҾ˵ûпĶ˸ܡҿѹǴΪһҪ˵Щ
ҿ˿־˵ôĻѵ˵һҲǷ˼ˡҵ˵ͷǰʲôףǹԼһءҪЩʱ䡣־˵ͷһϰˣľˡ
ֺһơƣǿݸһ̡֧ҳһ˵쵽ô£ǿΪʲôᱻץסģ
ǿҲһ̣Ҳ֪ΪʲôǷơӦΪ˵ز顣ֻǸеһ𣬺ǷơҴûйȥߡʱԺز֪ԼȥԺ˺Զ룬Ǹʱ򣬾Ӧøˡֱҽӵ˸־ĵ绰ҲŷԼߵ˽Ĵӱϡҽ˵绰ظϡһתͿ˺ܶİɫĳӣЩ˿ͰҲסˡҲͻȻһ˰Ķ˹ҵһҾʲô֪ˡѹʱ򣬾ڱǰˡ
ǿĹºܼ򵥣ֻҲ֪Ϊʲôǿôꡣ˵ʱһΪǵزǿҡҡͷҪǵزôǸŪʵʱҲΪԼǵزҲŻúܷꡣҲܽôһֱŵľԼ벻ͨ
ȻҲ̫ǿ뷨ȻԼһסڵƺˡʵ뿪ˣǿٺٵЦЦǰǲǶûйϵվڻ᳡ʱ򣬾;öνˡ
־վ߿ˡ֪ȥʲôʱ־ܻˡһӣݸҡҴ򿪺ӣһֻèʬ塣ҵֱһ¡ҾȻ飬ҲΪҲġұźӣǿ˵ʶ𣿡ǿ˿˵ֻèɣҳʹĵ˵ͷ
ǿһǰɣֻèġҰǺüΡҰϵ˵һ顣ǿ겻ѣź˵Ҫ鷳ңܡͻڼ￹еģҲèʹ϶µģ
ǿˡҲţǼˡûǰèɣǿҡҡͷᣬֻܻ𻯡ġλ𡯻ɣٸλ
ҵ˵ͷѺèŵС棬ַһɡζ𡱡èʬ廯Ϊҽ־һСӰèĹǻһѡ
ֶǿ˵ȵʬȥˣǿ˵㱧Ŵϵʬ壬ʲô֪ˡǴȵʬ壬˻ҽˡЩ׳ӣ뷴ϹŮˡֱӰЩˡ
ǿ˵ЩĲǵˡҵʱֻǼǵұŴϵʬ塣ʱҵһƬհףʲôǵˡҶǿ˵˵ϹŮٶˣǿ˵ͷҲܹءôģҪˣֻȻȥˡŮѾЧˡ
ҵ˵ͷô˵˵İѾˣǿһģһչ˴ϻġҲ֪ӦøˣǲˡҡҡͷӦллˡ
ǿֺȵһƿơƣ΢΢Щ⣺˯죬ӱ졣ʲôܣҡҡͷֻܡʵǱ޿ɱܡΪʲôߵ˶Ҫ뿪ңҲ
ǿҵļ򣺡ֵܣ޶нûͷ֪ʲôʱҲҵߣҡβͣҡǡͷһ˳ˡͷҲҵһµġֻһ㣬Ƿ꣬һ㶼١
ͷĴͷͷһƿơơͷҲˬһںȹһƿơǿЦЦ㿴ôĺֵܡǻǵʹءӦøһˡһ٣֮ͲΪЩˡ
ҵ˵ͷԣùȥһȥˣˡȾƣȾƣһݡһкȹƿеơơ
ʱǶȵòˡصԼķ䡣ߵҵߣϹǲǺܣҡҡͷһʼֻģѾˡ˵ˣȹһپƣǾͲΪЩˡ
ңϹ̫ܵˡһֱΪûңϿ㡣û뵽ϸ羹ȻˡЦЦһж˵ˡûʲôˡ
Һ˯ˣҾкһ죬óʱ˯ˡֻ˯˲ʱ䣬˹ڴϣ¹͸ɴҵϡҵǰֳ˴ϵЦò϶ҺЦš
˳ȥ¥¡ߵӾرϡһֻ̣ϵڷͻȻһﰡ
ûлͷ֪ǵʽܡûлͷ˵ǰһˡôˣŻ𣿡ʽߵҵߣһ˵ѣ
ҵ˵ͷǰһġʽ˵Ϲˡҵ˵ͷǿ˵ˡϲˣЩŮٸԳΪϻصİסҪлͻϣлǳ
ʽҡҡͷûʲô໥Ӧõġһعͷ˿ʽܣʽüͷţʵôҹϺʲô飿ʽ˵ǰѾȥüˣûһ֪ôˣ
ҵ˵ͷʵҲǶԼȻҲѻӭȥùǵһùǲȡ״̬Ҳ»һ
ʽܵ˵ͷȷʵżһгӡǾе㲻Ծҿ˿ʽܣ˵Ǵǻ֮ˣİɣһġ
ʽЦЦǰҲϣҵĵĵĶġڴϲһеûж٣Ůֻ֮ʵٵĿ
˵ǰһǵģİɣʽܵ˵ͷҾšֻǵȴζܰ


ʮ ֻС
ҿߵĵʽܣֻʷ϶û뵽Ȼվҵߣ˵ɶﻰָое֡
ʽܼҲ˵عͷ˿ңǵԣʽЦЦǺǣ֪ΪʲôȻûʲôšЦˡҡҡͷÿ˶ʱڴ֮ǰĳ
ʽܵ˵ͷϵһҲż˵ǳصı֣㻹ǷİɡӦñ˽ϵġʽܵ˵ͷ
һʱ򣬵ʽܲ뿪Ժ˼Ȧ˲˻ȥû뵽Ҷú硣޽ࡣһԹ緹ҿŴҵһЩڿ죬һ졣
ǸճԹ緹Ϲˣʱֻ۾еס֪һҲѹϹ˵ϰ壬㻹ðɣЦЦҺܺáϹң˵ͷ˵飬ȥμӴϸ׷ᡣʱҲȥģܲˡûʲôˣҲˡ
ҵ˵ͷҲأû¥أҪȥã̫Ϲ˵ͷ˵һ滺һɡҾȥĻ޳
ҵ˵ͷһӾرϡһŲ衣ͻȻһЩ飬Ը־˵ǵıʮʰģҼǵӾкܶĳʬԺҵġУ;ôģ²ýܰɣ
־ҡҡͷĻָˡſЩ顣Щ鶼㶨ģɡҿ˿Ϲ㣿Ϲ˵ͷЩȷʵ鷳ǮܽͲ⡣ָԭ״һ㶼ѡϵе鷳ҷ˺ôǰͷˡȻ鷳
ҵ˵ͷڵϹʵһ㶼ɡҶС˵ллЦЦʲôӦġ
ţһˣʦǸϽкʦ¡ʦ˿˵㻹ðɣҵ˵ͷҺܺáûʲôˡʦ˵ͷʵȫ𣿡ʦ첲ûˣˡϰģ˾˵ˡҾ͹Ҳ㡣
ЦЦˣһдͷʼʦ˵㣬͵Ŀ˿ңãˣõŵ¡Ӧôʦүû𣿡ҡҡͷЩûˡصĺܣײβġʦ̾˿ƺеʧ
ʦһȥϰˡϹ¥Ͽ˿áǵ׻ûס˳ȰҿҲָˡһĹʵǺܼǿġҡҲˡһǸˣò˵úܼҪ˵һҪŴϵѪҵиŮӡ
˵ʲôҲҪöסЩӣҲи顣ҲֻģҲһ˻صʹϵļңѾڳﱸˡһ˻صҲⴥ顣ȻܸˣĻʲôĶ鷳ôĸӳˡǿ͸־ȥŪЩһģѱŪһݣЩаħΪȥ磬ŵġ
ҴѴϵĹǻ͵ʦҸˮõĵط
ѡ˸һͳˣǱҪġȥôҲã˿ʦ徻ֻҺáǿһȥˡ
Һܳʱ䣬ûȥʦˣʱҲԽԽˡǰǸСұܷĸ壬ҳԽԽǿ󣬶ҲԽԽˡǸСͻȻ־ޱȵСҪؼһ
ں棬ŴϵĹǻҹޣһԲĿķ羰ǿҲ˵üͷţ֪ʲôҲ˵г˷ûбһֱСӱϡͣס˳һϰߣÿεҶͣѾһϰߡ
³ߵСӱߣһˮһˮǿҲվںӱߣŲԶСüͷ֪ʲôҲ˳ɱŴϵĹǻҹޣ˵ʲôںʹ˵Ļ
Ƕһӣ˳һֱСǰ߽Сдڻ࣬ҰһľߵԺУʦڴǿʩһҲڿߣһ
Ҳ֪ʲô֪һ֪ϵˡãѴϵĹǻҹ޷ŵ˹ϡƵһߣϡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬۾ǵ˵ͷ˵һɣõ˵ͷǸſ쵽
ɣһС輸ûʲôҾߡڲ輸ϣ˵ҵˡҵ˵ͷʵ죬Ϊʲô谭˵һжЩһҪȹġ
ҵ˵ͷΪͽЩˡʵü˵ֻҵز˵ߣʶˡ˵ҿ˿ǿ˵ΪǿҲûбɵزǻ˭أ
쿴˿ңп˿ǿ˵Ҳ֪üû˵û黹ҪԼز˭Ҳ֪֪ʹǵزתҲ׵رɵزҪ򣬲ôȴһѵ顣оҵ˵زҲҪûĽС
ʵʲôǽǿһ˵Ƿ˵СͺҵһԵزȻнġ
еףе㲻ס˵زתΪˣȻܴԼĽѽղֻ֪ԼݣҵĽܿŽصظ
ץץԴ˿ǿͦ۵ġҪǵزǣһ°ǿ㿴ʲôҶ˵Ҳǡҡҡͷû˵ʲô
źЦЦȻ㡣ѾʮһͷɹѾԶˡֻҪȥһġ
óˡ๭Կ˵ǡ๭𣿺һЦЦǡ๭͡ͷһӵġ˵طҲġʱͲӡ
ҵ˵ͷŶԭԭһҲ͡ͷһġ˵ֺֹأʵ˵ʲôЦҡҡͷûʲôûʲô


ʮ ³
ǿ˿һ˵ڵǺܺðûһ졣ЦЦʱδżҲûáҲóʱԼǿ󡣡
ʵǸؼߺѾˡ˵ҪվһߣǲӦأؿһۣԼоɣӦţšӦţͲҪš
ҿЦһԶòȷĴ𰸡һĸʵԼγ˴أץץԴҲɣֻǾе㲻ġ
˵ҿԸǣһصظȥˡҸǻϡԱסǻǲʧЦˣǺãɣ
Һǿ·ָǵϣһ󣬿ǱʲôǿԿ˵ʦΪʲôϻĶһأ
˵ǲͬˣвͬвͬĻ꣬һķȻһˡ
ʱ˽ҵĶ档쿴˿ãĺӺܺãԺܺáȻСвۣгϢ¶ЦǸˣô˵Ǿһܺˡлл
ҡҡͷлңǺԼáʵʦ֪ϵĹǻҪŵźأ
˵ͷɣǱаɱֻᱻ͵ǡӿǲùҪﰲꡣ
õ˵ͷһоİŰɡתңǲҪڴϵĻػҹлˣȥġеʧȴֻܵͷ
һ󣬲ǡȥ·ϣҲʱ͸ۺ󾵣ںã˲٣ҲûʱôˡȻһѹ滺ĺõطҲԷҲеο
һе徻ӡһֱǶæµܡҺһ徻ʱ⣬Ҳ֪ǴսǰϦһֱûм죬ֻż͵ʽ졣ʽе㵣ģǺ񲢲ܰæ˵Ѿǧ꣬Ҳ⼸졣
ǱҲûʲôµĶҲ֪Ǳôˡʹ߻һΣ˵ѾˣʼҲûǰüҲûҵǺʵز顣
ڵز飬ǿȤǿһһֱǲ֪νġ˳ȥͿɶԼ֮ǴڼǷѾʣµĹͷˡʮһˮãǵĹҲǰˡҺܵǿΪҲ֪ʲôô죬Ҳ˵ʲôЦ˵Ҫûпɶǿܻɵӡ
־ɳƣɲô˵쳣ڷܡҲ֪ʲôˡ߶߶ġ
ͷӣǸʲôںӣһ쵽ģچ̫
ĶԽԽˣõĶҲʼ΢΢¡һֱǼ飬һ˵ģǺӡϹҲᾭŮһ˵˵ЦЦĵҲġҸﶼȥÿ֪ǷӲԶˡҸϧʱ⡣
ʦҲ᲻ǵĹ졣Ի֮ûþͻˣҲ绰һֱûмʦү֪һܵȥˡҲҲֻȥˡ
콥¹һѩ֮󣬿µĺܡҿֱóء̵ĴӲԶˡ̵֪飬üͷң˵Ҫˡȥɣ
ҿ˿˵ĶӶôˡʵڲ㣬Լȥˡҵ˵ǿȥɣҿ˿ӾرϷǿҡҡͷ˰ɣһЩûףڼҴŰɡ
ҡҡͷǾø־ȥɡһҡҡͷǼһҲ˵ˡ鲻ʺ˵Ǿȥɡҡҡͷ˰ɣԼȥˡôæʱ䣿
˭˵ûʱ䣿СںǻͷЦվ󣺡ȥɡϰ壬Ҫһ˶ġҡҡͷȥ̣ҵĻ˵ˣȥҲиӦ
ҿ˿ֻõ˵ͷðɣ
嵽ˣԸȵӡҹƼһҾˣû뵽һ硣Ѿſˡҵĳϼҵķȥ
ܿ˽ǰĴѩûڻһƬããġ컹ûȫһƬãͻȻĸо˵ϰ壬ѹ𣿡һ£˵ͷô᲻ѹǸ̳ġô࣬Ҳûôѹˡǿ˵һѭ
ϹϸĿ˿ңЦЦʵЦʲôϹ˵ûʲôֻǷĶѡģʲôҲʵ
Ϲ˵ģԽ֮ҪһУһֱ㵽ʱܲˣ̫ѹͦô˵ˡҿ˿Ϲһֱܵ𣿡˵ͷ˵ʵ
ҵȻ֪ңֲ˵Ҳûбİ취̾˿ҵȻ֪ôֻܾرܣˡϹҲ̾˿˵ʲôˡ
컹ûдʱҵĳլլĴŰ׻ӭ˹ҿȴûʲô˵̬һТҴТ߽áһ߽Ҿסˡ
мû̵ƬҲûйײġ̾ȻϡҲһ˵ô£ô˵̿ͷһ˵
ҸϽ¸̿ͷֽǸûл衣֧㣬Ҹ㡣ߵһߣҶԶ˵壬ǡ
£˵Ǵ̳֮ԶԽԽ٣ǾһֲҩҲ֪Ǹɶǲҩġˣֻвҩֱǰ졣
ҿһ̣Ҳú档ʵΪʲôֽ˵˵ģڲգ֮󣬻աҿе㲻̣ӺɷһҲҪգ庩ҡҡͷ˵ģһҪģ̻˵һҪղСһ㶡
˵ֵ飬Ҷţ̻˵ʱͻȻһ߿ļͻȻˣȻˡ
Ƕһ˵İ˵ģ켦ʱͻ£ͷ
ҿ̵ʬ壬ͷˡ


ʮ 
ʱ磬ûбˣֻҺСжȻĻһˡϹһľ棺Ǹˡ᲻ɰ
Ҳ֪ôشСֻ˵˵ˡϢһɡ
ʱݶˣ׷׸㣬Ҳ֪£Զ̵Ĺأûֽû˿ޣֻĬĬ㡣ҪġҲ׼ˮϯԺڿ˳ľͷӡ
һͷѾɱʰõԺڴڹһڹŴ⣬һߵĹˡæŮΧһ˶յıϣˡǵһѵĳٲ˶ϡֱŵ档
ʱԺÿ˵϶ûбˣЦǺǵġΧһ𣬳̣죬ŮΧߣһŹӣһżҳٰɥ£°ϲ¡
ߣ˵ϼ˼ôɥºϲһأЦЦⱾϲ£̫̫ѾʮˡϲɥԵϲ°졣
˵ͷű˵ζ㡣˵Ǻǣûɶдģֻ⡣һԵ㡣Цŵ˵ͷ
ָһ㣬С߳֣Լľƣڵĸաһ򿪾̳ζƮ˳ŵĺڵϡкϯ
ЩæŮˣúõ⣬г˴Ƭõ˻һֶ˳⽴֭;²˻һŵϣĵ˸ơ㣬һ˵ĺζ
Һߡϵ˶ʶңЦźҴк׷׶˾롣ʱҾͺȹһ룬ҸеȣȻ棬ϳһĺ
Ҳ˲ٵľƣС糺糺ġĺʹ죬ȫĴһƬ
һֱ磬ҾԼȵĺܶˡҲȵҡҡλεġϢѾյȵˡ
߽̡̾ͺ˯ˣǰЦݣҲ֪ΪʲôôֵľٶĺҵǰȴѾٺ˵ˡСʱһĵεΡһжôһ
ҵĻ䣺ȥϢһһعŶ˵ͷ߳Сķ䡣СѾڿ˯ˣϵľûɢǺġҵ˱ˮŵСߡת˳ȥ
ҵԼķ䣬ڿϣҲ˯˹ȥ
ʱѾˡҲǺɫģϻѩһ˻ͷӿȻȵе࣬ܡҺһˮ߳˷䡣
滹ЩںȾƣһߺȾƣһߵ졣߽ã棬ҽˣЦЦˣ˰ɣ㶫ԡʵ壬ǲҪأ˵ͷǰϹأһҪصġ
ҵ˵ͷ˳ȥҸ˸绰˸ƽһߡһ裬ҿ衣֣ڻȡůʱһ˼عϡŵϣ԰ɡְѵعϷŵ˻赱С
һߺżҳʵôˣʲôʱ˵ˣӾڹǰ󡣡˵ͷǳҽԺǸ豸ܸŶӿĺӣǲǣǿкŮ
ҡҡͷûʲôһЦЦҲûӣ¬ҵĶ磬Ҳء־ŮҲܺáǺǡЦЦǶһ档庩Цţðð
ҳԹоůͶˣ˶ŶеˣŮǼʰ꣬ҲˡһƬڴҲ˵ݣԺֻʣµҺͶˡعڻҲƮ
ڵعϰ˰˵ûãһܳˡóһ̣ݸ˶壬һڣ߶߶˵ϰˣ̶Ͳϡһֱûֵ顣֮ǰȴ˵ϴˣҿԿˡ
ҿ˿壺˵֪˰ְֵ顣˵֪˵תû֪顣ԭҲţڿˣ
ЦЦ̱ҲףΪʲôҪգ̧ͷ˵ô֪ʱ˵ʮֵĿ϶˵ǲȥ᳡ֻҪա˵ֻյˡ
һǺƣ̵Ҫ̫ˣ룬̵鶼ֺֹ֣ҿ˿壬Ѿ̣˻ĵعϣȺ˵عƤݸңԣɳȿġóء
ҽӹعʵǣ֮ȥ𻯣˵طʦѡˣСѾ׼˲ˣ˵Ѿġ
̾˿治֪ôģΪʲôһҪ
ʱϹ˹ҺͶڳԵعϣЦʵϰ壬͵ʲôЦЦһعϣƤݸϹϹӹعϣֻвϵתţ
ǳ˵عϣһʮ࣬ŻȥϢˡҺͶһ̣߳һ졣ֱ˺ҹöȥ˯һһţҲûѣȥ˯ˡ
һãſʼ̫飬ͻȻǰһΣ˹Һܸˣ̣ˣ̿ң˵Ҵ˸㡣һ㶣ʲôˣ̻˵Ҵ˶㣬Ҫպá
Һ֣־òԾӦò̵Ĺֻ꣬ͷߵʱ򣬹Ż˵̣㵽׸Ҫʲô̺񿴲һתߣס̣ߵúܿ죬ܹȥһˤˡ
Ҳˡŷҵ˵ϡղһΣһֵΡ˵жңֲ˵ʲô֡üͷߵ̵ߣ˿̵̡̬ɰ꣬һ˿΢ЦҵĶ˵˼ҵʲôأ
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Ұϵθ˵㶫һʶ岻֪ˡҡҡͷҪǶ֪Ļ̻˵𣿡
˵ͷҲ԰̵ʲôأ


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ѾźòĶš˵ˣ̽ʣµ飬Լˡһ㶣˿壬Цŵ˵ͷ̿ͷתˡ
СһֱǣʱŶ壬С˵Ҳ߰ɣŮ˲˿ңҵ˵ͷ˵߰ɡؼҵҡСֻõ˵ͷŶˡ
ɽϣһƬããģѩŴ۵ĹâֻǰĵѾںһӣҲʯͷ׼Źǻҵġڿӵһһ߸ڣӦǳװǻҵģһжˡ̵ʬͷڲϣҿ̵ʬ壬һʱ䵽֪Ӧôźˡ
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ʵǵʲôǿѾʧˡʵҲǰʡ
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ЦЦˣͽɣͷ¶βġűˣʦүЦվſڡ˽־һλá
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˵ͷúãҿӦʣһҳگ顣ֻЩں֮ڣҪԿġڤ»ǲСɳŮȥѵǡھߡ
ʦү˵ͷлϣ
İЧû˵ʱдگ飬ʦүӡŮҲˡϹվǰ棬ʦүüͷ΢΢üƺлҪ˵ֿ˿ңһ˿ʹࡣ
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ʦүı飬Ǻ̹ȻߵϹǰ˵ϹҳɡϹʰһ飬˵ɡǰ·ʦүһʧˡϹŮҲһˡ


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־ҴûһʱʵĿֻ࣬ҡҡͷҲ֪Ҫרҵʿһˡ


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־еʧ˭רҵʿأʼ򣺡Ҳ֪Ҫ룬СҲʹʹߣֻʦү
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Թ˷ҾͻصԼķ䣬ڷԼ顣ظеԼԼſˣƮƮġо鶼һһεĹһ飬ͺһԼĵӰͻȻԼһµʶվһԹߵĽǶԼһ̡ͻȻ֮˺ܶ顣
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ûмһʱҲ벻ʲôֻڵϣſ͸ҵǼ顣ǿΧתתȥŰ취
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ҿúǸʦүܲ٣ܲٵҿٵĵԺӾرϡʦүһıվҵʵˣںˣ
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߶ӳһ㶣ô֪ǮѪ᣿˵Ҳǲµģҿ̲Ѫĳ̶ȺĵطһղŶ̲Ѫ棬ȷʱǮǶġѪµһ̲ӦǶ￴Լӵġˮ
߶ӳһ˵ĻǮʱʶģҵ˵ͷһеġܰԼŵġڰԼŪӣȻѹˡ߶ӳǲţʵԳѪ𣿶һԸɳѪ´жһ̫˼ˣ
ЦЦҪǲ˼飬Ҳˡ߶ӳεЦЦ߶ӳ˵鷳ˡЩֳļ鱨棬󷢵档ҵ˵ͷ˵У˴кϻҪġ߶ӳĿһۣص˵ͷҸǣֳ
һţһ߻صҵļҡĸ˻졣ǻˡ˵ǻˣ̫ˡԳԷˡˣϹղʦû㣬ˡҵ˵ͷк˳ԷǶž绹顣ֻǳԷûкȾơڷϣ߶ӳʲôû˵ֻͷԷ
ֱ˷Ұͳȥ߶ӳҵļ˵¬ˡҵ˵ͷ˵һᾡģӦҲ֤ݵġ߶ӳ̾˿ҲҲûа취֪оС˵ˣҲи㡣ܲܰҲһ¡š֯߶ӳ˵֯Һһһµġ˵һҵ֣ǲ˳
һص˱Цеؿң߶һܿģе¡ʲô°˵һӣе㲻˼顣һ׼ȥ
ľˣҲ˹ʵǰɣưӡ⣬ⲻܰͷǰǰ߶ֿᣬԸô㿪ڡʱϸ˵ʶԼ˵죬Ӧõǰ˵ϡ
ú⣬˵ϲҵĽɣҰʵʱ᲻Ҷ˵˭ʲôϵأû¡ЦЦ˵ʱϸ羭Ը߶˵ϹġǸ߶Ӵ֮Աǡ
ֻװѵǴ𣿻֮ԱǡܱܲáùЦҵһ£Ҿϲ㡣һڣԽ˵ԽģҲŲǴ㡣ɫȻǣȻ߶Ӳ㣬Ƿ˲Źġʲôأ
ֻðѰӺ˵һ顣Ů˶Ǿ죬ȻЩرĸȤҡҵĸ첲˵ǸǮǲǱɽʬˣҡҡͷҲ֪Ӳࡣ˵˵־ҲǽʬҲʲô˵־ɲǽʬǽʬġ԰ҪǸ־һԸ㶨Ǯġ
ҵ˵ͷҾǮǲǽʬҪҪ˭Ѹ־ɽʬġ
ʵ˰Ѻ͸־ɽʬҵ˵ͷڿӵġǿ룬ǮһֱԸɳѪֻáõֲˣʱᶼǺܰģôҲĹӣӲдв֪ʲô˽ʬһĽʬʱʲô֪ˣȻԼӲ̵ɱˣˣڵϿԼӵĲ֫Բᡣ
ûиղô˷ˡҲƺóˡ˵ǵ˭ҪǮɽʬأҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪֪˺Ӧú͡šɷйϵҴڹȥһˡ
ͷ£㲻𣿡ЦЦµĶˡϹôأǲϹЦЦûʲôµģҾ֪˭ΪʲôҪǮɽʬģ
С죬˵ϹҲȥҸҪ˵˵֪ԼȥҪСĵ㡣ͷ˵Ź
˵ղʦ㣬顣ҵͬ־û˵ʲôˣ˵Ҫ绰ҵ˵ͷ绰ʦһ绰ʦû˵ʲôֻ˵Ϲ
ҵ˲ӣʦ͹ˣһң˵¬ҿǲ鵽ˡšϢˡһϽʦ£ʵ̫ˣʲôϢ
ʦ˵żҪ˵ʦһ˼˵šʱа񣬲һ֯ô򵥡һа̡ǵ֯ܣҺаǸɷԳơźܽṹС֡Ĵ󻤷˴󻤽̡¸ǺܶˣǲöԸ


ʮ ŵ춯
üͷ˵ǰǺѶԸЩˣʲôħ֡Ҳɱ֡
ʦ˵ҲҲʲôˡҵһǵĸ߲ӴˡǸ˶˵Щšĸ֣Ǹ㡯ĴࡣоǲˣҲŮˡ
һ㶣ʲôˣʦҡͷ˵ǽ˺Ů֮һˡס豸еģҲŮġҸӾȣҲĶӦššνѵɷҲֲвŮˣ
ʦƺʲôЦҡҡͷǸɷӡɲˡһ൱Ƶˣҳ֮⣬кܶŮѡʵ޵𣿡
ʦ˵ɷӣڼΪɣһȸ˵ڶʮǰ¹ظҴ磬ҵԼɾˡݵĴӵظ˻Ժ󶼲ˣԳϡĵѾͨ硣ֻڼͿֱɽ磬𻯳ɡνĽѾںʲô޵˵һơɫơá
ҿЦһ˶Ժֻ֪ô¡ˣʦ֪һ
ʦҡҡͷЩϣǺòף˲ǮŴˡ˵ϼһҲƮ޶ġµĻͻ̶ѵļһ档ֻ֪١
ʵô˭أʦҡҡͷҲ֪ˣǡšĺﶼءҪԼˡֻǽӴ˼йϵˡЩΧġšˣץҲûʲôá֮ϵʽȷϷʽҪǵŪҪЩ
̾˿ʱ䲻࣬ҪҵǸɷӡȻ»Ӱǵļƻʦ֪ʲôƻҲû׷ʡ˵һģֻҪǮûϢ
ҵ˵ͷʦ˵ҲҪСĵ㣬ЩһûߣҿҲݶǵϢܻǵע⡣ʦ˵ѾԸǵıӣֳˣҵıΧֵࡣȻԸЩħ֡ǶԸһЩ˻ûġ
ұܾģת룬ҲáϾ䲻ҪǼ˳飬ɲСҵ˵ͷʦ˵ҲиʦЦЦİɣصרмġ
ʦԽԽšǺܽҲеǮ͡šйϵҵ鷿ĬĬ׼ҪʹõĶʰһ󣬾һߵɳʮ졣Щ䡣
ڵڶν뵽Ĺеʱҷ˷á֮ǰȻҲʹ÷䣬Ƕڷ˽ⲢҲûϸоʱ䣬úоһ¡гһŷĻϸо֮󣬲ŷЩҲǷֵȼġҾʹõġ䡱ֻмķ䷨з䡱Ǹ߼ġ߼ķ䷨зĻʹãеˣͿ԰з屶Ĵ䣬ҪŸ˵Ϊʹˡ
һֱ˼СʱĹо;Ĵﵽһܺõ״̬´չһֽţ˴һĿ͸˽һڣеһ£ҲΪ֮һ
ſˣһ˽Ϲҽг̽˱β衣ǰҹҪע塣
ҸϽ߹ȥӹ˲˵İҹûġЦЦ˰ɣϻءҵ˵ͷһڡҵĶ˵ղССҺõǹҲˡ˵Ǹ߶¸Ƿġмʮӵء
кЦ߶ӳͦ˼ûǿҶ˵ҲãֻңúڹѪһ£ǴҲġҰӵţİŪǹϲˡװװ仰
˰ŪǹͻȻдһе˵¬𣿡ϸķֱһ£ǸӦʦүġҸϽ˵ˣô¡ôȻʦүġʦү˵ˣղű˷ˡһôҪҪæ˭ڷ㣿
ʦү£˵Ҳ֪Ҳǡšġץҵˣһɽĸ˷ҡ׼֮ǰ͸ее㲻ԾˡҲˡ˳û£صλѵǸǲеġ
һʵʲôӣʦү˵ӵһ㣬ûʲôص㡣ǵͷ֣ĸ˵ͷÿ˶ȱһͷĸվһȱͷĵطÿһԲΡԣм仹һߣǸͼҲǡšġ
üͷǵĴ̽Ѿǵע⣬ȷǰȫ𣿡ʦү˵Ů٣ϹʮλҰǲġ˵׼ҲδҵĶ֡Ҹǡǿ͸־ǡҪǡˣһʦҲҪע㡣
ҵ˵ͷ֪ˣú֮ϵʦү˵õģҪʮʱŻḴԭ֮˵ߣһҪǰ档
ҺʦүˡǧﴫҾԽԽˡšɷѾʼҺߵˡȻʵǿ͸־ҲǺܵģһﶼǺģҶ׼ǡšԸǣҲûô׵ġ
ĵߵˣ湻ǹ﷢˵߶ΪʲôǵǹأѵҲΣգҲ֪λ߶ӳôġֻЦЦǿԱԼҳȥҲĵ㡣
ǹҳȥˡԹѾ͸ˡʡϹܵ׺ǡյĴһƬҽйͷ˼䡣߳˱ӾرϽг˵ʽܡ
ʽܻǸǹӡҰѡšɷ͵ʽ˵ˡʽ̾˿ЩҲﲻʲôæǿ԰㱣ˡǱҲûʲôϢ㿴ǲӦðСǽл
һҲԣǼСѾܾûпˣ֪Ǳߵôˡͳˡ족һҡΣûһС֡üͷô£һôٻˣ


ڰʮ Ǯ
ʽܿ˿ң˵⼸Сȥûлǲǳʲô飿Ҳе㵣ģҡһС죬ǵ˺һûжеżˡ
ʽܿżˣźȰοңȱ𼱡Ҳʲô鵢ˡ֪ʽȻôĹûȥ硣һġҲ֪絽ʲôСô飬ֻô꣬Ӧòʲô£СʹߡæӲ⡣
ҶԵʽ˵ǽ⣬Ҳûа취ǼһﵹǺܼ飬Ӧò¡ȥæҵ顣ɷӺ͡š鷳͵ҹһ¡ȥˡҲҪչˡ
ʽܵ˵ͷİɣҵ˵ͷ˳һ̵Ŀ˳ȥ
ҹĽֵϾĵġĻص˼Сϰ쿪˵Ļѩֶӿ棬ЩСĵļʻţһ·˳һ˵Ǯıתͣ˳һ󱱷紵ҹ·ڴеĶűȥ
ĴŽţû˿ء룬ֱӷɵ˶¥Ĵڣϵƶڣ׵˽ȥзϵͳģڿѾˡĵط֮⣬Ըġ
滹ǮŵĲ֫Щ߰ƬСĵĶ㿪ţŷҹľ죬Ҳ뿪ֵ磬ȻŵǡͻȻҸеһ硣ĺȫͬġ֪߰Ķˡ
ٿʱ߰˸ƮƮİӰЩǹ꣬ЩɵλꡣطôңأйҲǺġǲңҲȥǡ
ϸĿ˿ڷĽһӰӡͷͷǰ棬ݣǸŮɪɪķһ֪һ¹Ǳ߹ȥƺ̧ͷ˿ҡһŲ԰׵¶˳
ϸһŮʶģǮšҪġôңһʱһ뿪Ҿ˭֪أ߹ȥ˵ϵ𣿡
Ǯſ۾Ķ˵㿴ļңҵ˵ͷȻü㲻ʶ𣿡ǮŶҵ˵ͷ¬̽Ϊʲôüأ
˵ġۡԿꡣҾġңʲô£Ǯ۵һ˳˵ˣڿҲûãҵ׳ʲô飿˭ɱģ
Ǯס˿Ŷ˵ǮǮɱҡһ㶣ǲ¶ˡҸҪ˵ͻȻҺǮŵĹ˵ЩλҰҲչƺǵĶԻ
óһšЩλҰ˵Ƕ߿ȻҴǻɢЩ»Ұһеġһɢ
ֻʣǮˣҲˡǮžֵؿңչûлشΪ֮ǰҲ֪Ҳ˵ʵǮϰ岻ԸɳѪôֻᶯˣ
Ǯֳʵ˵ǰǮһֱֲˡֻһ᲻뿪ҡһֱչǰ죬һˡǮѽˡǸ߶߶ģ˵ǸҽŷǮѾˣҽˡοǸ˼һ󣬾͸Ǯһҩ衣˵֮ǮһѡʱҲܸˣǮѹҲصƿ֪֮Ǯȷʵ˹һӾ˴ֱֻţұܸˣǮ˵仰֪һֱ֣ӾͲҵš
˵ǮֿҴˣҲܼ򵥡ؼǸҽ׸ǮʲôǸҽ˭˭Ǹʲôҽܹģ
ҿǮţƽһЩʵ˭ǸҽܸģǮų˵·ʺǮˡҲزġ֪ģһһֻˮһμҲǮܵģȷʵܺõѣҶ·ʺӡҲ
ʵǸ·ʺ𣿡Ǯ˵һʼȷʵǾǮͲˡ֪Ǯӣ̬˿ͲˡοֹǮţǸҽʲôӣ
Ǯ˵Ǹ˳СݸɣõҲûʲôͷǺ˼ȱһ顣ҵһղźʦүǧﴫϮʦүĸ˾ӣÿ˵ͷ϶ȱһ顣ѵĸ֮һǾҲ͡šйϵˣΪʲôҪǮأ
ǮŶ˵Ұɣÿ£㿴ҵʬ廹Һú£֪ӦôźáҰɣҿ˿ǸŮˣ˵ɣȸҰɡǰʬ𻯡
Ǯŵ˵ͷǶлˡóһšһСڴǮһ֣ǮŻһ׹⣬СڴСҰСڴŵ·Ǯʵȥ˵ȥ·ʺ鵽ô£
Ǯŵʵ֪Ǯôˣ̾˿ҪǲµòǮѾ˽ʬһҵģҲ֪еôġ
ҴӴڷ˳ȥ䵽⡣ŷ컹˯һصͣתǵĳϡҵתͷ·ʺıȥ
Ǯıнģ·ʺıڵġǸȥģƾż䣬·ʺıʱѾǰҹʱ֣ڶģûһ⡣濴һᣬñûɭɭĸо
еƣϴҰǸˮŪ֮󣬱Ӧӡôֱأԥһѳһ·ڣԷ߿Ȼһ˷ɽ˱ݶ
ⶰ·ʺԼǵģΧıһ㡣ҷɵ̨ϡ͸濴ȥӦԣǿյûˡƴǴȻһ¾ƿˡһ˽ȥ
ɭɭģ˼ҾʲôûСҳ¥ȥ¥ҲûˣÿŶǳġԿ档ҿȷûʲôˡµһ¥ͻȻһ¥ĿеɳϣиˡŵӣΣ
ͣס˽Ų¹⿴ǸˡǸһҸܲһѵǸˣ
˹ȥתǸ˵ǰ档ҵһǹȻǸˣǸѪɫ࣬۴ſն
ѾĲˡ뿴˭ͻȻ֮䣬


ڰʮһ ϸ
һ㶣ôҽʱע⿴Щ̽ͷƵ̽ͷûͨ硣Ϊʲôֻ塣
ҴҴҵĿǸһۣҿȷǸ˾·ʺ̽̽ϢѾĲˡ֪˵زܾѾӰֵζǰǲˣֻԭ·ء
ҷ¥ص˽ʱǸ䡣մӴ̽ͷȥһֵ˹ҵϡ洫ֻǿҵֵӰڻζĽвã˼ҵļˡ
Ͻһأȥֻ洫һҵ죬ǼһˣǼһɣûֱӷɵͣǱߡǷɵһߵıϣת˼طŵҵĳϡҴҵϣȴе㲻ԾҴ򿪳ſ˿ҳӵĸ̥ȻǱģǱֽš
ҸҪ³ܹܶˡһһ߳ţסٿǰ棬ҲܹˡڱΧ״̬ҵǿԳȥ鷳һĵҵӣҾƺҲϴ塣
üͷһ壬ó˵СӵġҶǮ˵ҸæǮųǰ˵ôˣ˵׷ңҲǶ֣Ұ߰ɡǮеΪѣǣǻ𣿡˵һµġɣʱˡ
Ǯҧҧ˳ȥʱ洫ҽ͸Щ˶ܵһɶ˳ǮջصСֽУ𣬴С·ܵ˽ֵϣȻѰƧĽֵչˡi賿ֵûʲôˡһֱܻصҵıԭؼңǵʦңҵ鷿ŵơҾʦ̸̸
Ҹ˸绰ʱʦŴ˳Ű˽ȥʦؿңҸ˵ϺãϺãҲ˼˵ˣҡʦ˵ҿ˼û˯أ˯ˣ
ǵʦ鷿ʦڿ飬Ҵһ裬˵ţôһ¡˵ôˣֻðǰ̼򵥵˵һ顣
ʦüͷ˵һȦסһȦסҵ˵ͷҲôġģҪϼһŹЩһġʦվ鷿ת˼Ȧ˵֮飬ҪԱ齻ˣ㲻ùˡȥҡڻȥϢɡ
ҿʦƶӣ֪һа취ҵ˵ͷ˵ҲϢɡȻȥˡʦһֱ͵ſڡܻؼҡúǮţҲŻصҡ
ڴϣߵ˯ú졣ֻǷ˸ңּ˯ˡ˯ˡ顣ǡšǵıǿҲһùҪǲµòšЩһһҲ㵽ˡǸĹҲһƬաе㵣ˣ֮ϵһ¡
飬ҲաҪһжšڡڲǮ·ʺҲۡȴ˼ҵëûпһҪ˵Ըħ֣ǲģҪˣߵֶΣ¾ͺ鷳ԺҪСģСģСġ
ҪҵһͻƿڣҵšǡϾʱ䲻ˡҿɲǵ֮УҪк֮ǡ
Һ˼ţҲˡ˹ҵ˵Ϲû˯𣿡ҡҡͷ˯ţе㵣ǿ͸־ǡʵôˣʲô飿Ұ˵һ顣üͷ˵Щ˺ñɰϹҪСˡȥʹ޽һ緹˳˳ЦЦллţҪСİ
һ֣ûµġ˵ϴȻ¥Ҳ˷䣬˶¥鷿ֻǿĵ绰Ǵָͨ־򣬸־ĵ绰Ҳֻͨó˷ֽдǿֵˣǿǧﴫ
ǡͨǿġۡľ޷ϵֻǧﴫչ˷ǿ˵ôǿе˵ߡϲŽġ߳ͻᵽ±Ǳߡ
ʵǵû鷳ǿ˵ԣûʲô̫鷳ڱȽ鷳Ǻ·ˡһ߳ȥġ
˵ߡšȫʼԸˡʦүϮˣˣȥʵҲǰһݺڻ֪ôҲڣһҪСģ֪𣿡
ǿ˵ˣǻСĵġԼҲСġ
ǽͨ΢ƽһЩϾûʲô֮ҪԼˡ˷Ӧòʲôġ
ҿϣһ֧̣ճڣͻȻǰһΣϸҵǰһϽ˴ס⡣ϸſϣڵĴţ˵
ҿžϸǱӣʵСôˣϸ״˵ϴһҾͶǹն˺ô֪ϴŹؿڵĳˣҲ˰ء
üͷôϸ˵Ҳ֪ǽȥʱûءû뵽ڵˣһЩʿ֪ʲô·סʮšҪȥףҪô깻飬ҲǵĶ֡Щһַܸߵġ֪ʲô·ӡ
ҵ˵ͷǡšЩһϸ˵ʲôšҿžϸԭ㲻֪һΪ֪Ҳǻһߵ顣֪ɷ𣿡ϸ˵˵绹Ǻģ˵磬ֳȥˣǸ֡
ҳ˵ЩŹŵЩ˴žɷӵˣµһ֯šϸ˵ԭЩˡЩһģҲȥǡҡҡͷҲûҪȥ̽Щ˶˵̫Σˡʲô
ϸ̾˿ʵǲáԼĳǳСЩڤѲߡҵ˼Ȼ˻ϵͣǶһ岻ӡûһԵĶǲǵжģֻܹ
ҵ˵ͷҲʼЩǾͺЩһֻһ뱣ԼԼܵˡҲһ㣬ʮ޲ϣŻŪӣΧţᱻ


ڰʮ 
̾˿ѵǲ֪ȥ˭ûô𣿡ϸҲ̾˿νԣǵҲǲֻ֪ﻢ¡Ҫǹ֪һйڻϵ뷨һἯлͻ᲻ˡ
ҵ˵ͷ뷨ǵ뷨һģҪսȼһطҪɷϿң㶨ҡҾ磬Щʲôֻ뿴֣ǵûͶѾеˡҪǰǿʱǲеģֻҪǿĿԺ͹ԿЩ
ϸ˵ʮ޻ûжǺܴġĸֵһʱҲزҿϻҪȥһϸҵ˵ͷ֮㻹Ҫص𣿡ϸͷҿʱزȥɡ㲻ûȥĸһ
ʵǲа취ֱϵϸ˵ͷǰ֮ǿʱϵġ˵Ҫ˵ǾͲʱϵΪʲôһ磬һӶȥˣֱ˽ضϺ·
ϸץץԴ˵Ҳ԰֮ǰҲ֪ᱻضϰСʹߡӦû뵽ΪһȥԿһ񡣡
ҡҡͷϢһ˵ϸ˵ͷһΣˡ߳˷䣬µ¥£öһӳ߳ŵ˲ϣЦЦϹʱոպáҳ˳ӣ㰡ţ
һߣ˵û˵ˣӴĶˣ緹ãҲˣèһӹ˴޽˹ִ˵ӻ
ššŮΣոսӵһϢ賿ʱ֣еĵز·ʺȫұԼı⵽ɱһĿһ⡣ֳ飬û͸¶ϡ
һ㶣Ҳͣס˽Ųߵҵߵʵ㲻˵ֻ·ʺôҡҡͷֻ֪·ʺʬɳϡûпôŵİӣ
ʱˣʱʦֱ߽ҵߡ˵Ѿ˾˵ĳˡһͻоˡ˿ҡҵ˵ͷ
ȻʱҪ¼ڹʦֱӸסˣֹһᣬ߶ӳĸϵˡ˿˵̸̸ҵ˵ͷְѸ߶ӳ鷿
߶ӳʵĳĶˣҿ˿߶ӳЦЦ𣿡߶ӳϵ̣һ֧˵Ȼţô£
˵ԼСģݺˡŰϵ˵һ顣߶ӳһľȣ˵㣬Ҳн͡ôţȻǮŵĹꣿ
ЦЦ˵֪㲻ţҿ㿴Ҫ׼߶ӳ۾ðβ˵ĿԿҵ˵ͷ
˵óˡɵСڴְѴϵס⡣ȻҳһСƿţᡣȰ߶ӳţĨ۾ϡŰǮŽ˳
ǵǰһΣǮųǵǰ߶ӳŵһ£˼ĿǮšðβ˵㣬ǮţǮŵ˵ͷǰҾǮţĺܲҵġ
߶ӳȻûģ˺廹ǸԴ߶ӳһʶġֻǰ飬ۣҿҪһЩʱܡ߶ӳ˺óʱ䣬Żع˿ңЦЦ߶ӳʵ˭ɱ㣿
Ǯţ˵һ顣ҽӿ˵Ҿȥ·ʺļʱҷ·ʺѾˣɳ߿Ѫûпļˡҿ·ʺʱֻˡ
Ǯ˵ǰҰЩ׷ߵġ߶ӳĵ˵ͷҰǮջص˴Ը߶ӳ˵Щ˵õ˼ݺˣֻҵʦ취Ҳ֪Щûа취ֻܺ͡һˡӦûŰɣ
߶ӳ˵ͷţҼȻæˡȻ㡣֪֪ʲôݺأ˵Ҳ֪ɣӦþЩšġ߶ӳվЩˣǿ̫ݶˣ˼һңһҪץǡЩšʲô𣿡
֪ǵ϶ƨϡǵ˶ǲвŮˣס豸ˡ˵
߶ӳüͷ˵Ȼر𣬲ҪҲǺףֶ˽ġ˵ĸÿ˵Դ϶ȱķ֮һͷһһͼĸһǸ֣ҿ㻹Ǳ֣Ըɡ
߶ӳߵվ˵УҲҪԲ뵽ҪץסЩˣΪҾͲţνаʤҲǵġ
ҿһĸ߶ӳҲ֪˵ʲôźáֻҡҡͷҪ㻹ԼСġǵ֯ȻܣҪ飬һҵ˿ǻԸ㡣
߶ӳ˿ң˵¬֪Ǻġһ죬ҲʲôˣֻҪΣģһŹġɣˣһҪ֯ȥ׷顮šϢһϵʲôҲҪϵ֪𣿡
ֻõ˵ͷ߶ӳʱһˡ
ҵ¥£Ǹ߶ӳˣ֮ǰľҲˡʦ˹ʵôʦЦЦûˡǸ߶ӳһ仰Ƕˣһѳ͹ֱ͵˾䳧ˡ߶ӳΰ
ЦЦҵġҲŻ뵽ҽߵĹ꣬ôܲҡʦ˵ôˣ
һĴȣã˵߶ӳ绰ϴ۾ĪżϽ߶ӳ˵绰µ绰˵߶ӳҽһ˳ô°
˵ղҸţᣬͿԿˡûϴˡῴ߰ĶʦЦ˵һǸ߶ӳʲôˣȻųǸӡ
ʼ򣺡˵ʵ߶ԶӻͦˡСʵе㵣¡š˻ġҿɲٳˡȰǡ
ʦ˵ҿҲõ£Ǹ죬һǶӳҪڹҲûʲôв㻹ǵԼıȽϺá
̾˿ǰһšġ


ڰʮ ׷Ǯ
ʦߣ˵ڹؼǡšҪҳǺˡҺһһҲҪһ㡣ҿӦҵǮȽϺá
ʦһôа취𣿡ҿ˿˵һ˽ʬǲġһʲôطʦ˵ͷǰҪǳĶǺҵġ
˵ǰһԡٷֻҪֺ֪֣ӦÿҵֻģЧܲǺܺá
ʦٺһЦҲԾһԡҵ˵ͷʹǮ֡óˡٷдǮָֺ֣һΣٷȼһ㡣
ʦĿңЦЦˡֻĿ»һû䣬ѾƮ˳ȥҶʦ˵߰ɣǿʲôʦ˷ܵĸ˳ȥ
ͷ˳ȥһվҶԡͷеüңüˡͷһ
Һʦ˳ȥʦһһ˵ҪҪҲûеףڵ˵ʱˣҪǸϣȻȥɣ
ʦ˵СңҲǾ˶ģߣЦЦչˡišٷ
˵ʵٷʵǲʺϰáǽʵϻлѩ̫⡣Ʈŵе㿴ֻܼѰңʧȥӰҲ֪ΪʲôġٷɵúرĿ졣е㵣ʦͷȻеʦǽظҡ
ϵ˲࣬ʲôעǡȻܵúܿ졣˱ŽķȥġһֱܳȥġصӣʦĴϢԽԽˡ֪ȻʦֱϾЩöŵҲˣ¼ֲס
Ҷʦ˵УϢһ°ɡʦȴܾǿҧ˵Уһܼ֡ûа취ֻҡҡͷܡ
ܳȥԶǰһ··ľͷһֿһĽʦ˵ֿ⣬ֿ⣬ǹ˾ġ
ͣס˽Ų濴˿Ǹһ·Ʈ˲ֿСҶʦ˵ǼһһڲֿȽȥϢһ£Ҵ绰
ʦѾҳǿˣϢ˵ã㣬㣬Ƚȥɣһ͵ҿ˿˷׷Ҳɽ˲ֿ档ֿûˣܴԺӣһһ޴Ĳֿ⣬һ߾һŵĻڿһɽ˲ֿ⵱СֿĴŵģҷ䵽˲ֿĶϣͨ˽ȥ
ֿҲǺܶĻҲŵġֿķжʮסҿһɵһһ棬ˡ
ҸϽ˹ȥǸſŶ澲ĵûʱҵֻͻȻһϽ绰绰洫ʦô¬ʲôط
˵ڲֿ棬һڶŵĵʦ˵ϵ˵Ϸ˵绰ʱǸж
ϸһ£ϸϸģʲôȻٷ棬ǮӦþˡҶ˶׼ǸûذῪ˰֣һӴˡһ磬һʬζҸϽűһߡ
ͬʱҲһۣǲûпǮǿһװʬվһƬڣʲôǸװʬ岢ûжվֻ۾ֻֻĿǰ棬֪ʲô·
ʱߴʦĽ¬¬˵ߣʦѭ˹Ҫ˵ÿǸʬ壬һһסңǡʦļ˵£ǸʬϡƷ֣֡취׵ֱӡмסʬ絽мǡмǡ
ʦһߵͷһ˵һûʲôգסʱǴװʬ嶯һ£ֻ첲̧һţ¶ĸ˿˿ĺ
ҵ˵Ǻʬǧ絽ʦ˵ͷǸװʬѾ˹ڽʬҲǺ˽⣬ҲֲǵƷ֣Ȼ֪ǰʲôװЩͷģʱҸ־ˣҪǸ־غðöࡣ
ڴΪҪץʬҴץʬĹߡͳһɰߡСס˺ӭǸʬȥʦš
ߵ˽ʬǰǽʬһʬֻҵĲץ˹ּۿһ֣ɰס˽ʬָһƣʬֱֻҵɰ߲סˡ
ɰȻʵǶڽʬ˵ͺ޷ѡ
ǽʬֱֱֻɰ߲סˣ͵˹ʱҵһɰߣһס˽ʬֻţǽʬձסǰȥҺһƽʬֱֻ֣ʬڰһصˤڵϡ
˳ͳһšʬ˽ʬĶͷϣǽʬˡʦ˵ƯһǳɡЦЦ˵Ǹ䡣Ҿ˽ȥʦҲܽ˻С
еڣʦֵ硣һգֻһ޴ĲˮףŮˣͷһϮ£ˮУֻ۾ԹŲҡ
һ㶣ⲻǡǧˮˣ֮ǰǶʦүôʦˮеŮʵʲô˵ǡǧˮӦʦүģôأ
ʦ˵԰Ҫ˵ʱ˵Ҫ˵޵ġǾͰЩ˵ˣ˵ýͷ㲻˵Ҷʲôˡ
һԴˡӦöʦүղأ֣е㲻ԾʦүЩܲ÷סǺҵġţʦҵļ򣬵˵¬ŮӺƯǵôе㲻Ծأ
һعֻǧˮֻǧˮıѾˣ쳣Ҫˮһֻϳ˳ָףץˮ׵ڱڣ̶ҵкܡ
ҿǧˮ뵽ʱҪˮ׻ˣһҪܳ˿ɾ鷳ˡ
ͻȻҷˮ׵½ǾȻһѷ졣ϸֳһڲϵӳ


ڰʮ еĽʬ
üͷĽвáһʦȥʦ뿴ˮġǧˮʵôˣ
ƿˮϵԽԽ࣬ԽԽһˮһ±ˡˮˮӿ˳ֻǧˮҲӿ˳Һʦϱһˮ͸ʪ͸ˡ
ʦһô£֪ʪ˲鷳飬鷳ǧˮʦĻû䣬ֻǧˮѾǵĽǰһǵǵͷʦǰ棬غ쳷
ҸеʦúܴƵһߣһ㶣ͷʦһֻۣ۷ֱȻǧˮ˹ȥ͵šǧˮǻԻ˵ġʱҲ޵ĸ
ҸϽһָʦĺϵһ£ͬʱ³һ˿ֻʦһΣ߽˵ô£
ûʱͣһѰʦ˻һŷ˵ס䣡ʦİѷֽ˶䵱Уؿҡ˰֣ʾҵĺ档
ʱǧˮڿҡͬʱһͷͷҷ˹Ҽóҫʡһתͷҽһֻǧˮ۾һɣݺݵȥڱǧˮڽҷóʲô
ֽڴŴסǧ꽩ʬ꽩ʬ಻ŴסֻҪŴ˦ȥһһðˡְŴ׷ˡǹƷȻҲ뵹ʬ壬֪ʦүֿôƯҲ˺ǣǱĳªһץ΢
ţͷҷ˹ҷŻĶ㿪ˡҲ˷һϵͷǧˮƵСʩչiӿٶȣˮϲȦҿԸеǧˮȺܴ󡣺ǵͷͣԸ
סͷֻˮһǵͷϲһסǵһ
ʦõŶķֽ˵һװǸղô˵ǻԻ˵ģǸõġʦµ˵˵Ϊʲôһŷ䡣ҿǷͦõġ
ҡҡͷǷմˮͲˡԲáǹƷˣҲ˺ǡʦ˵ͷʵǾסǡʲôˣ
ҲǱȽͷ۵飬סǣֻǧˮ뿪ˮʱ䳤ˣҲ䳤߸ʬʦ˵ȥװˮʦ˵һʱҲҲ͸װ
˵ˮ׾УľͿԡʦһԴˣǴװˮ£ҵ˵ͷʦӦתܿˡ
һͷͷǧˮýһ㡣ǧˮܴ󣬲ϵţҲֶ֪ܼãֻϣʦҵ
ʱҷиӰһΣһ˳ϸһȻǮǮһɫ˯£涼ѪաŴĿġǮͷңնûдЬ˹
Ӳʬͨڸ־˽֪ԽǺƵĽʬԽǸ߼СĵĿǮǮǿնҲҡǶ˺ðΣǮͻȻ˵ңңһ㶣㡭
ǮͻȻᣬŶ˵ɱšɱҲ룬Ҳ룬ôˣ
üͷڵǮԼ״̬ڵ˼άǽʬ⵽ô£ʵ㵽ôˣ
ǮͷڵϣҲ֪һֱǻԵģǲ֪Ϊʲô˹һɱţҰ˺ˡҲ֪ôˣһѪȡȾҰɣ¬
߽ǮӣҲ׵ô¡Ҹ˵ͻȻǮһվ
һһֻǮѪ죬¶һ˹һץšǧˮͷֻһֻ֣ҷһǮû뵽ǮܴҸûа취Ȼײһ
ҸϽס̣ͳһšʬ̤ǶǮ֣ѡʬǮĶͷϡǮվסˣ˿ְͷһЩԷǧˮˡ
ǮͻȻְԼͷϵķ˺ˣһ֣סҵĲӡҶҵġʬģ뵽ȻûáǮֺֻǯһסҵĲӣҵϲˡֻתɡ̥ϢŸоһ㡣
ǮǸƲֻһҧһţһС߶ǮĶϡҵĽϽһǮһҽз˳ȥײ˶ǽϣһ졣
ǮǱ߳ȥˣҵĲҲǮץĳ˼Ѫۡ۵ֱӡȴеһգ߬ŵͷȻûˡһϵʹҲˡ֮ͷһҵͷһҵȡץס˾ͷͷһͷɵһߡֻôĵطҲײǽϡ
һǽڣִ֪ʲôʱǮҵ°ץҸϽٴϷȥ㿪Ǯֻ֡ͷӰζһڿл˺üΣŶ㿪ͷ˵˻ſڡ
濴ʱҷǧˮѾˮеˣԭɫݣѾ˺ܶƤ̫š֪뿪ˮʱ̫ˡʦô
żʦ¬ҵˣװˮòȥҴؽеˮŪԽԽãҵĻ䣬Ȼˮһ˳˻ǧˮƺҲˮһǰһķɳ˻
ҸϽѻŹϣҲšǧˮ˳ȥĵϷܴͰʦվһߣֻǧˮѾɽˮͰСҶʦУи𣿡ʦ֪ǡһ˻ӡ
ҷһǣһͰȥֻǧˮذȥһֻһһ˦ͷҲ˹ҶʦеҰţȥԸǸʦذס˸ӡ
ʱѾͷסˣֻеһɺܴһӰ˦˳ȥصˤ˵ϣһˤ߻ءҸϽȶʦһ߰ŹǣһߴУ¬û°ɣشֱ˦˳ȥ


ڰʮ Ǯ
ס壬һת䵽һߡͳһŷ˸ϣҷȥͷǸǧˮ˹ȥǡǧˮͷҶһŷĸӣ˻ȥ
һϽǰһݺݵذѸӸˡ洫һŷ䣬ǧˮͶ
һʦеߣߡҰסˡһҸϽóһŷ䣬ܹȥǸϡҺʦһ˿
Ҷʦ˵滹أʦЦһ߰ɣȥǻص˻ǰ澲ĵģûǶһۣó˺ͷ䣬Ŷʦʹ˸ʦһӴ˻š
ǸװĽʬһ˳ʦһеǱ÷ס𣿡Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ǸǮ·䣬Լͷϵķ䶼Խһװʬͷϵķõġ
ԸװʬѾһС߶ߵװʬߣͷ䣬Ǯһߴ˹ץֻܶ㿪ǮǰһҵĲץ㿪Ǯ֣ʱʦҲץסǮ֣һתһƯĹˤǮˤ˵ϡ
ҵ޵֣ʦһЦҪ˵ʲôʱǸװĽʬһӵʦһںںڵʬҸϽһƿʦְѷװʬͷϡװʬˡ
ǮʦٴץסǮ֣һСסǮǮȹڵϣֱֻʦץţͷţסˡҿǮǮֻ۾Ѫ죬ͼзͺ
ʦ˵һǽʬŷˡҡҡͷһǽʬ·䣬ղˣ˺ˡʦʵô죿
롣˵ѹȥҸ˵ʦ˵ͷǮ˻񡣵档ʦܳȥһӣҰǮբз
ʦ˿ǰʵôЩô죿Ҳе㷢Щֲûȥ˰컹Ǿ÷ȽϺáҶʦ˵ЩǷǸɡóȥҲ֪ʦ˵ͷ
ǰֻװšǧˮĴˮŪص˻УŰѻ۵һĴ󺹡Ҷʦ˵ôû˵ģʦ˵ôûˣŷأҲǳġ˵ͳֻҿһǴ绰ǡ
˵ҲãȰǮŪҼҡ֪ͨ߶ӳ
ʱһԽҰԺӡҺʦǮ˳ϣʱǮѾǸղŵӡüͷһıݣ첻˵עĹ۲Ǯ֪һﵽʲôҪ˵ǽʬ·䡣Ҫǲǽʬʲôأ
ڿӣӦԼҶǮ˵㻹ðɣǮһۣҡҡͷҲãŪɡʵ̫ˡҡҡͷ˵ҲŪģҵǽ˵ʵȻһԭģûбҪЩġҿ㻹˵˰ɡ
Ǯһۣȴ˵ʲôҲЩҪԼҸ߶ӳ˸绰⹦ԽҰѾҼңԽҰֱӿ˳⵱µ˵¡Ǯ˳һϡԽҰˣʦ˵һﵽô£
ҡҡͷҲ֪ȻЩѡ֣ô˵һʲô⡣ҪˡֻԼ֪ô¡
ʦ˿Ǯʵô£Ӧɡ˵˵ɣǮǲ˵ʦһǰ㺦ɱԼš㻹ҪǣǮ̧ͷҷ۾ֱѪɫĿ˳ʦͺš
ʦ˿һ˿˵һֱˡҵ˵ͷʲȥˡһ״̬ûа취Ҫ֪ô£ʦ˵㲻֪ǲҸʡҿ˿ʦô˼ʦүʦ˵ͷǰӦ֪
룬Ҳʦүƣһһʡó˷ֽȼˡԺʦүǧﴫʦүʮ㣺ôˣʵôΣʦү˵Ѿˡǲ飿
˵ҵǮˡڵ״̬е㲻⣬ǽʬֲ·䡣ʱָֻΪԼǵԼʲô㣬һô£
ʦү˵ɣϵȥ֪ҵ˵ͷҲֻˣ
ʦǵĶԻʵô˵ǸղѾǧﴫˣ˵Ϲʦ˵ͷ
ʦǮԼ档ʱ߶ӳ⳵ĸˡ߶ӳ³һסңôҵǮˣ
ҵ˵ͷԣҵĵ³棬ɡҺ͸߶ӳҴҵĵ档߶ӳʦкŰǮһ߶ӳȷǮŶ˵ҵģ
˵нһֿ档һڵ״̬֡߶ӳһֿۣ˿Ǯ˵ǰҲú֡ʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ʵҲ֪ڵʬ߶ӳһ㶣ٿǮǮŴ죬¶ͺţһʬҼ˵ԹһֻԭӡʱһЩЩһһЩԭԼʲô£
߶ӳ˵ʲôʱѣҡҡͷ֪һһģ㿴۾ˣˣˡ߶ӳóһ֧̣ˡ˵ֻܵˡ˵ֿ˿ңʵ˭ģǡšЩˣ
ҵ˵ͷŲġǮҲһˡʬ⣬ЩĹҲҿҪ֪զô£ҪȰǮŪ
߶ӳݳ˼̣˵ֻܷˡûа취ؾҲüͷҪǳʲôô죿߶ӳ˿ң̾˿ʱҲ벻Ҿ÷ȫģൣɣһȥ취
ֻõ˵ͷ˵ˣʲôҿɲ𡣡ʱʦ˵ǮָˣǿҺ͸߶ӳǮȻǮˣ۾Ҳٺˡ
߶ӳϽǮ˵Ǯ⵽ô£Ǯ̧ͷ˿߶ӳʹ˵Ū˾ɡҲˡͶ˵һ߶ӳ˵˵ûʲôϵ㲻뱨𣿻ŵĳأ


ڰʮ Ǯ
Ǯ쳣ʹ࣬Ÿ߶ӳ߽˵ĶѾˣҲŵҪŵҪҿ˿߶ӳ˵˵ԭģЩвЩ˵
߶ӳ˿Ǯ𣿡Ǯ˵ͷҵĶǵС˵˵ҪҲ˵ǲɱҵĶӡ߶ӳüͷЩ˵˭ǰĶӹǿȥ
ǮŸ߶ӳҡҡͷ˵֪Ų߶ӳø߶ӳܰﵽǮ̧ͷһֵۣͷ˵ˡ
ߵǮߣǮ˵Ҳ֪ܲܰﵽ㡣һᾡ룬ǻŹĶ𣿿²˵ǲ˵Ӷʲô³˵ˣҲҵЩˣԾȳĶӡĻ¡
Ǯ̧ͷҡҲҪ㣬Ҳ¡šġҹѡšһЩǮһ۾ңŵ˵֪š
Цŵ˵ͷЩ֪ô㡣Һɷӽֻ֣ҪӻţаվǮֱ壬ҡƺҪ˵ʲô۾ͻȻѪɫĿҲ˳͵ǰһͷз
һ̾˿ֱҪһˡ߶ӳ˵ҾȽ㣿˵ǺصģŷҿǶԸˡ֮ǰҺǮʶץΪȽҡ
߶ӳ˵ͷͻȻ˵Ծһ㶣ʲôԾ߶ӳüͷ΢壺ǵǮŲûжŮһ㶣Ҳ֪ΪʲôΪٿǮǸӣֻܵʱˡ
һߣ˸绰ô޽һһһߺȲ裬һߵǮصӡ߶ӳüͷҲ˵ʦǮ֪ЩʲôҲ˵˺ܳʱ䣬ǮԭӡϽΧȥ
Ǯ˿ң˵¬ӦңһҪҡҵ˵ͷãҴӦ㡣ֻҪһǮмĿһۡ߶ӳߴٵҲ㣬ѶӾͻҵŲûкӰ
ǮҡҡͷҶӲҺģҺͱŮģǸŮ˸˺ӾˡֻôһˡҲ֪
Һ͸߶ӳһۣĵ˵ͷ߶ӳ˵ԭ˵ɣһġ
Ǯ˵ͷ˵ʵ֮ǰһֱŶ⡣ЩǴӵµڤһΣһҵң˵ҰһЩʬ壬һЩʬҾͰˣû뵽ҺܶǮҵڤöˡ֮ҲӴҵʼԼʬ塣֮ҾͽӴˡšˡǸṩ˺ܶʬ塣ҲǺܶǮһЩҷǳϣǵĽʬҾͺ͡š˻һ㱱ɵ˵¡š㱱Ϊ˽ʬ黹ֵúܲ죬˵һܡ
һ㶣û뵽滹һ顣㱱ɵ飬диС
Ǯ˵ţ㱱ˡšļˣһֻǧˮǿֹƷǸǮԼһǧ򣬶Ҿݴ˵һԣҪԣڡٺ㱱ɵͽҲһֻǧˮȴ˼Ҹˡһż͵ԳѪˡЩš˲ģҲҪֻǧˮǸҲһֱΪҲһֱҼţҼҸ͵͵ļҡ
ףԭЩšҪõǧˮ
ʵʲôŪģǮҡҡͷҲ֪ԸɳѪˣȻ黹֪ұûʲôӦġ֪·ʺһ˹Ǹ˾ǡšĸ֮һףûа취˵ֻҵĵƿЩӦһҩЩҩҵ壬Ҿͱ⸱ӡһԴ󷢣˺ҵšкһʲôҪҵֻǧˮҾܵȥҡǧˮ
һ¡߶ӳʵʲôǧˮ˵һ˵תǮ˵ô֪ӱץסġǮʹҡҡͷұɺʬһʱ򣬾Ҷ˵˵ҶŵϣҪһҪҵǧˮȻͻҶɱ
ʵʲôطǮ˵ڳǶһӣķչֻʮꡣһҪҾ
üͷûиǣֻǧˮǮҡҡͷҲ֪Ĳ֪Ҳбİ취Ѿ֪ˡǧˮڵλˡ
һĴȣеѾ֪ˣ㲻ӦǱˡʦ绰ǱߵĹˣǣ£绰ҪֻˮҲûôס
ʦ˵ͷó˵绰߶ӳ˵ʲô˵Ǯ˵ЩšӦѾǸֿȥˡҪϽϹȥҪץסǡ
߶ӳ˵Ҳȥһ˵ˣ⣬㻹￴ǮҲԺúúġҺʦȥɡ
߶ӳ˵ͷǺðɣȥɡҪʲô飬Ҵ绰ҵ˵ͷʦһ˳ȥ
ԽҰ棬˾ҲڡҺʦ˳ʦ˾˵زֿȥҶʦ˵绰Ǳʲôʦ˵ǱʲôûУҲûʲôˡҶԴ˵ˣҪǱ¡
ҵ˵ͷʦ˵ǲǰһﻹ֪ǧˮڲֿҡҡͷЩš˸ڰǮŪҡǧˮȻһа취ͨǮ֪ǧˮġһҪСġ
ʦЦЦԸħҵǲ̫а취Ըһе취ġ˵䣬Ѿ˲ֿſڡֿĴŽգһƽӡȴеһĪĽšԽҰ˵ѣʱֿſˡſվһʮˡЦŶԽҰ֡
³ʦԽҰȥǸͷǴˣʦ߹ȥ΢Цţ˵ôôпգֹˣʦ˵ͷûʲôǹ
Ҹʦ󣬿ǸͷһۣͻȻе㲻Ծͷӡ÷ڣе㽩ӲЦҲе㽩Ӳһܵʦǰ档Ŵͷǰץȥ
ͷһʦҲһ


ڰʮ ٻزֿ
ͷķӦҲǹģһҵĶ죬һΣָֻı䷽һӵͷĶͷϡͬʱһ˿
ͷһڵϡҿһźͷзɳһߵŷʦʵô£һ׷ŷһ߽ейŹ֡ͷ˿ˡ㣬Ӧŷ档
ܵŷſڣţ˿ȻǴ汻˨ˡҪžȻһӴˣûһͣҵǱһ£ײʦһһɭĺҸϽʦ㵽һߡ
ͬʱŷĴһѵʦ˵ǴӺˡ׷һͣ˵׷Ҵ׷ʦһͷźܹȥֱ˽ŷС
֮ҪǾõĺһӦǸɽ֮֮ƣЩ˻档ȻһŷŵһֵζѣζϤѿʼ׷ζǾǡյơ͡Ѳݡһζ
ҴʮֵľϸĿĳܼ򵥣ֻһӺһӡ滹һ׼ǹŵġߵǰһŰ߿ˡһͻȻλεذףɷ˵
һһתذףһСβõ˹ȥƺһһ˷ĳӼ򵥣һŵ˴һһӡ˱һߵķɵ¹ϣ¹Ĳʺܱײ÷顣
ҽȥһץס˵֣һ֣йõڵϡҶڵϵĵһţǰѵֱӷɵ˴档һһְǸ˵ĸ첲˰һڵϡҵʵǼˣ˻زͷȷӲú˵ˣҲ˵ġ
ҿ˿Ǹˣְ˵Ŀ˾ŵҽУҲ߶ʮһӲǰǸ˵Ŀ˵ƨϹȻһͼǸ˵ƨһţڲ˵һ˵ġ˵ͷһ㣬סǸ˵ľǸͷһᣬεˡ
ѾײˣҾһֻһˣҲײƵĵط˳ȥûпʦҿŽµ·ŲֿȥֿĴѾˣֻǴһ϶һȥ͸϶濴ȥʦ˵ϡ
һЩһʲôֶΣûУͰʦ̵ˣҸϽӷ϶˽ȥҸһȥֿǾ޴žȻԼˣһ˿⡣
ȻֲָҲǷǳڰġ۾ϿԼӦ˺ڰʦµĵطȻҿظܵӦûʲô£ǻȥ˶ѡ
ҵʦߣҪ֡ͻȻеһɭĸоԡûлͷǰһˡſ˵ϣҸеҵ˹ȥһתһͦŷɹȥһִһǡְԡ
ɫ̫ͼӰȥӰƵķֿһһķˣһתҡҿŲ԰׵Ĺ̵飬Ѫ촽ͷ˳֫צţݺݵĿҡ
һֻ֪򵥡ҪȫĶԸǡղֻҳʱҸоǺҪҵһǲ˼ҵģǵأаҶԸϵġζռ˵
ֻңҵɼϵԹǺصġӦ͵͵ͳһֽУóˡҫʡֻһҳ˹ҰǷֽ˺ԡӶšҫʡֻ˹ȥ
ֻǰһΣһʧˡǲӿҵ۾Ϊۣ׼ȷİǵĶҸϽóŷֽһڵϵʦϡʦһŶǰֻȥ
ֽţҶֻȥֻæˣǱȷʵһֵĹЦݡҸеϵԽԽһҽдҵ˹
ҺٺһЦҿֻʱҾ֪һжԸңһǰסңһӺҵղҰһŷֽҵĺϣֻļһһùˡ͵ػͷȻֻŤڵϿɼʹࡣ
ҷһС߶ڵϵȥһ˲䣬һҫһֻڵһűУһǼһﱻ˸ɢ
һûüˣһֻѾ˵ˡĹצѾǰٶ죬һûж㿪צҵǰػһ£ĵѪۣѪϱ˺ɫ֪ãˡϽ˹ѡѹסִҫʡ
ֻѾƮƮķɿˣЦҰѹע뵽ˡҫʡСҫʡıʼһˡɰɰֻϣϳ˼մĶ
ֻҽСҵˣȥҫʡУֻĴȥֻҵġɰŪˣ˷硣ûж㿪ҵġҫʡҫʡһӴ̵ֻϡ
ֻǰرҶˣһ͸ֻйҽһҲŻҷˡ
ֻһ֪šһ⸽һСĵľſܣһ߿˻ڵϵʦʦĲӣһ˿뵽ʦУеͣʦһת
ʦʵôʦ˻Դûʲô£֪˭һ£εˡʵ㻹𣿡ʦ˵ͷû£ʱϵķ䡣ʵô£ôˡ
ҡҡͷղŶԸŪˣǲˡŷǱ㣬ЩղŴľͱˣ㿴Ӻ󴰻ܳ𣿡
ʦ˵ˣһСˡֿ棬Ͳˡʵֻһ𣿡ʦǳ϶˵ԣֻһˡ
üͷҸղ̵һ㿴һǾôѡǧˮŲߣ
ʦ˵Ҳǻʲô취ɣѳζǵ˰죬ҲûЩһõʲô취ᶯֻǧˮ
ͻȻǱߵĻǱߣһҽС
ҺʦһۣǱ˹ȥ


ڰʮ Сջ
ǸҲǺԶֻмżŻҺʦһ£ֿǸȥ
һһҵĳڻſڣŴ洫صĺ͡ȺȡҺʦһ濴ȥֻװʬǣҡţסһˡ
Ծ˽ȥ濴ſװʬסһСӵˣСںڵţһ˫ϱĴ۾ʱֵĿװʬʹſֻܷصĺΪĺװʬĿסװʬҪյǸ˵ĺߣҪĲӡҲװʬһｩ
ʦҲչ˵ӴһҲҲµˡԥǣǲӦϾһܵͷ
ʦȤĿţЦ˵˵һôʬԸˡҲе⣬һѰҡǧˮôװʬõأ
ʱǸСҲǣͷǣȻ˵ȵɫ
ҳ˫֣ʵҪǾ㣿΢΢ͷЦЦǿԣҪȻشҼ⣿һ㶣ϵı鶼Ҫ˳ֻ΢΢ͷ
ʵǲǡšˣ˵˵ͷʵֻǧˮģֵ˵ͷЦЦóһšʬֻװʬĶͷϡװʬŲˡǸһƨ˵ϡ
עĿ˿Ǹ˵ͷϣǸǸ̵ܶͷǹͷͷûķ֮һĿհףӦòǷʦүĴ󻤷֮һ߹ȥŤסǸ˵ֱۣʵ˭ǿ̧ͷ˵ҸղŲ˵ǡŵġˣ
ϻ˵ǲǡ˴󻤽̡֮һֵؿһۡ˵㿴ʲôǲʶң˲˵ͷҶʦ˵߰ɡǴȥҪ߶ӳʣʡ˵˽蹫á
ʦ˵ͷǸ˵ĿһӳǸ˰ְסǸ˳ȥҰװʬźáְѻŹˡҲ˳ȥ
ֻصŷǸ赹Ҳˣӽ˳СŻصԺУ˿ˣ˿ܲã˥ֱ͹ڵܲá룬ֻðҲ˳ϡ
ʦ˿˾˵ȥɣ￴ţȻ˾绰ù˾ļ˾˵ͷ˳ҿųűȥ
ǻص˱ֱӵ˵³⡣߶ӳûж̻Ҹ棬Ѿͷˡǻ߶ӳϵɿ˹
Ұ˵һ飬Ȼ˵ͽˡʻһҪȥүӰһ£үӵܲá
߶ӳ˵ͷ˵ȥɣ
ҴŴͷ¥ϡÿҴһͷΧ˹ʵϹһææĳȥģʲô˼ô£
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ҵһˮɳϢɳϣֽʣſҵСһػҩд˳˴޽˼Ұҩ
ʱͷҲ˹ؿǡҶ˵ˣ¡Ҳǻˣǹ˾Ĺɶˡûʲô£һҩûˣȻȥ
ҰסˣڻУ㲻Ҷһҩ˵룬ƺ֮ǰ飬Ҳ벻ʲô˵ˣֿô죿ЦЦ˾Ѿ˹ȥˣ㲻õġ
ŹԹԵ£˵лл㣬Цŵ˵ͷ䣬ֻص˵³档
ճ˻ҩζǸС˵ͷڵϡ߶ӳƺ֣ûпһǻţҲڵϡһߵǮ˲֪Щʲô
ҿ˿߶ӳʵô𣿡߶ӳ˵ͷһߣʵ˵ʲô
߶ӳָǸС˵šǰ˴󻤽֮һǰ˸ǱݡˡšҲֱԡǮܡ⡢֣Ҳ˵ǽݡǮˡšܾ֣
һüͷǡšֳڰԡһֵǺ˼߶ӳһǺ˼ǻĴ󻤷ϡ
ҵ˵ͷϡе˼߶ӳ˵ǻ֡ߣҵغǵţͽɷӡ
ҵ˵ͷֱ죬ǰЩһֶŪˡʵôҪʲôѰҡǧˮʲôҪģ
߶ӳ˵Ըġǲͷӣֻ֮̽Ҫôǻ֪ҵ˵ͷͷ˿Ǹţʵʲô취ѽʬߣ
̧ͷ˵һʬȻǴߡҺһţˣҪǻʬᱻǸʬŪҿ㻹ʵ㣬ҪҪˡ
̧ͷ˿߶ӳһη壬ղϵֶεȷǺźµġ˵Ҳʬŷ䣬ֻҪڡǧˮͷϣͻᷢˮԼȥ
üͷҲ֪˵ַǲǴڡ⡣ʵ⡮ǧˮǲ뿪ˮġʱ䳤ˡ
˵⵹ûʲôֻҪʩǵ˺ӱˮˡͻа취ӻˡаУЩšļһȻеŵһҵû뵽⡣ʵķأóҿ
ŵͷ˿ԼĿڴִĿڴóһŷ⡣ŷһϣҵǾǷ䶼ˮġ벻ôáǧˮŷˮġԭϡ⵹ǸԽһٺ٣ѧһС
Ҹ˵ӣ߶ӳ˵ʲôôˣҡҡͷûʲôָʵһô죿ܲܶҿûǸǡ߶ӳ˵ҿԴߡǸǮҪæ
̾˿ðɣҰ㣡ֶʵǶʲô
ſ˿Ǯҡҡͷ˵ġĶšʬɢ԰˱úͽʬһһһġ
ҵʵôƽ⣿ҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˣҲƽ⡣
ҵľһ


ڰʮ ʦүĽ
ǮӲƽ⣬ǺѰ죬ţˡô죿תһ룬ǸļȻȻҲԽֻҪץҲˡһԱƳĽҩġ
ʵ˭ͨĴţһ㶿˿ƺû뵽һ֪¡߶ӳҲһ֣סû˵
ҿ˿˵˵ɣ֪ԭΪҪĶࡣ㻹ǹԹԵĽɡֿ˿߶ӳ߶ӳݺݵصһۡε˵ߣҵغ񡣡
׷ʵĴ󻤷ҡҡͷҲǺ֪ҪˡϴξͷһˣǸˣĴ󻤷ҲˡʵĴ󻤷˵ô
˵ᣬһ˵ķӦúܿԸԭصϣŵĻҲҪȥ˭ɶʦүʦүԸ񱻷һΣԲỹǵڶεĻᡣһȥʦүô˭
üͷһ̡֧һ߳һ˼šʦүҲһйϵǾǿ͸־ˡһǡҶ˵ĸǲȥǱߣſ˿ңȷ˵ĲǺȥǱˡ
ʦеסˣǲǱǿȥģҵ˵ͷࡣǶĹϤ̶ȣǡǵĲֿ⡣ʦе㵣ģǲʲôɣҡҡͷҲˣڱ޳Ī֪Ҳûа취ġǿ͸־ǿӦģһ𣬲ʦүʵ
ʦ˵ͷ⵹ǣҲһˡʲôҿ˿߶ӳȻһͷˮסûʲôҲڿҡ
˵ʦү˵ϻһ˵ɡʦ֪ʦүϻеȸԾЦ˵ǿͦáҵ߶ӳ˿˵ɡȻضһ£ǰҿˣϸҴ绰Ҵǡ
ҲãҲʦүϹʲô⡣ͶԸ߶ӳ˵Ҳáȥɡ߶ӳ˵ͷ˳ȥ
ʦŸ߶ӳ˳ȥŶ˵ʦүʲôʱҡҡͷû˵ʱ䣬ֻ˵ϻʦ˵ͷǲϵһǿǡе㵣ġ
룬ó˷ֽдǿ֣ȼ˺ǿǧﴫʱǿʵǿôǿ˵ڴСЩС־ЩƮʬڶԸšˡ
ʵȷǼǡšģǵ׼ˣǿ˵˵ãƮƮġЩˡԸǣǺ˲١ˡҲЩˡ˺ͰЩ˴СãЩƮʬԶһ׼Ĳҩˡǵݡ취ץסǼšˡ
˵ߵĵ飬ӦǡšĴ󻤷ҪǿһҪץסǸĻ
ǿʵǶʲô˵жĸˡһҪץסǿ˵õģҾҪϸһ£ǡǧﴫˣʱ޵ˡ
̾˿ʦʵô˵ڵûʲô£ĸѾˣҲײˡڶǿ͸־ûʲô¡
ʦңҲܵİɣҵ˵ͷʦʵҪҪǡ˵ǵʦү˵ɡ
ʦֻõ˵ͷ
˵ŻúϹˡһǣϽ˵ʲôﲻǴĵطÿڵϵˡ˵ʲôûģôˣ˽蹫ã
ЦЦſɱҿñӡǸ߶ġ⼸һаĺܣֻǿšϹ˵ҲóԷҽд޽ѷùʦЦЦǳԷûʲôθڡ˵ǾȥԣǿǣǿԾˡ
ʦ߰ɣǲģȥԷѡͷġʦ˵ͷһȥ˲ѾˡҺʦ̻ʵĳ
һææµµģҼ˼ڳ˷žţſˣʦү糾͵վſڡʦһվ˵ˡҲ˹ȥʦү˵㻹𣿡
ʦү˿ǣЦЦ˵ټǡǲס
ʦүô˵֪ʦүľһûô򵥡ҸϽʦүһߡʦү˵˵˵ô£
ʦүЦЦԭί˵˳
ʦүɽУŮһѵλҰǶڱꡣڵȻǰһǹꪵʱˡӳЩʲôȻҲС
ҪʹõǹڣȻǺסҪؼĲλҪҵǲ׵ġмѰġʦүɽѰ
һɽֹȵѰҵʱҵԸˣͻȻòԾߺжƮʦү֪߲ƣȻ֪ʲôǻ˾裬ʱʦүֻߣΪЩһǱĶԲûʹɱֻ֣Щһߡ
û뵽ĸ˷ǳһ˾ͺĸһ𣬾͸ӵĸһһҪģĸһֹ󷨡໥֮ȡ̣ʦүΧСıΧˡ
ʦүԽԽľĸ˲żƺںʦүսʦүѹ߶ǰĹʱŷҪתѾǺˡĸһﲽΪӪǹƽ⣬ʦүУе޴֡
ʦүֻóĸһѰеĸһＸǻʦүҲʾ֭ԼķиûпƳĸֹĺð취
ʦү֣ĸеһ˽˵ĹͻȻתƵ˵ϡʹЧʦүͷ۵ġ
ʦүֻʹƸ۵İ취׼һ˲ϵĹҲжôǿƴƣҲҪרһ㡣
ʼʱһȴޱȵǿ󣬿ʦүѾ¶ģһҪһ㡣ϧԳʦүһݺݵĻУʦүͬʱҲû뵽ʦүֽȻЧˣ˵Ĳһ㣬ĸȫˡ
ʦүʹսǿѹסƣԡĸʦүı㣬ȻûʶơǵҲˡǴûй飬Ƕʦүһη֮ûٳ֣ĸͬʱĸӡ
Ҳһֲԣʦүһ޷׷𣬲ʦүҲûа취׷Ҳһˡ


ھʮ ǰȥԮ
ʦүġħ󷨡Ҳа˲Ĺˡаĺôǻָ졣ֻǼʱѾָˡ
ʦү˵ЩһƽȻûпʱʦүĽҲûйݴʡҿóʱһǾĶǣҸӵǿ͸־
һǿԿ϶ģǰһĻָһ㶼ʦү
ʦүʵǿ͸־Ǳôˣҡҡͷ˵ҲӦǶԸĸȥˡǳȥġʦүһüͷҲȷʵе鷳ǿֺ͸־ҲӦɣ
ʦ˵Һ¬ץ˼ˣǮһ˴󻤽֮һŻһһĶڵ³ءҪҪ
ʦүһվߣȥϽµ˵³Сɰڵϡڶţ˵Цšˣʦүкȥˡ
ʦү˵ǰһȦ˵Ǯ̫áԭԳѪֵĶҩѾ˹
Ҳ֪ҷҲ˵ҩŪãҪҾҪǿץҲת
ʦү̾˿ȴû˵ʲô֪ҲΪûʲôϣҲܷҶʦү˵һ㲻һʣʦүҡҡͷûʲôʵġһʵס룬ҪҪȥϵĹУҲǿҪ
ʦүԸȥȻǺ£ĸһ֮ǰͲܰôڼǿ͸־ʤ󣬶ץĿԸĸ˾һˣһƳˣûʲôµģĸ˲ȫͺûϻ
Ȼô롣ǻҪʦү˼ҿʦүʦүҲҡðβ˵һȥһˡ˿˵ͷ˵Ҳǰţɷӵ֡Сѳ
ʦүһɷӵǺ鷳֪ҵġħ󷨡ǷӲµġԸɷӣ¾Ҫˡ㻹׼ɡ˵ǸСۺСǼǳϴûܶԸ㣬ʱ¾ͻݵˡҹȥ߾ͽˡʮλԷģѾѵ߰˰ˡ͵ȳϦʱˣɷһ뾡ȻĻᵢǵ顣
ҵ˵ͷȻжҶشˣȻɷӻ֡
ʦү˵ͷ˵ɷӻһĵطǿԱ仯˺ӣҲһһһҪСߵˡһ㶣Ƿʤʦ˵Ҳа취ǿԼ֮һšֻ֪֮Ϳߵˡйֲӷֹϸ
ҵ˵ͷпá
ʦүվˣȥĹϣԸϵϡʦʵҪҪҰ㰲ŷɻ
ʦүЦҡҡͷˣҿԱ죬һʱԵˡ
ʦеʧԭҪʦүúĵģʦүôҪȥ飬ֻõʱ˵ˡʦʦүͳţҸ߶ӳ˸绰Ÿ߶ӳź͸һǸˡ
ڼǮַΣһαһʱ򣬾ȻʬȻֺںڵʬǵɫģѾֲܿˡڲʱǮɱҾİοֻҪץͿԾǮһ˿ϣҲƽ
ϰ˵ʱ򣬸߶ӳˡ˾źǸѺˡֻǮˡҶǮ˵ɣҰѪסԣͲôĥˡ
Ǯ˵ͷʾͬ⡣ҸҪ֣ǮͻȻʵ·ʺôˣ˵Ӧñɱˣһ˶ˡǮߵ˵˵̫ˡ·
ʵ·ʺĲǮ˵ͷ̾˿˵ҲǾȡˣŪΰɣҲˡ
ҵ˵ͷָŵǮͷϣ˹סǮѪǮһգ˹ȥ
ʦʧı飬ˡŪǮʵ𣿡ҡҡͷǺ˵ɡһ
ʦ̾˿˱裬ݸҡӹ豭еһ֧̣һ߿Ǯһ߶ʦ˵ʧôϲʦү죿ʦ˵ͷǰĺܲѧ֮ǰһֱΪԼǺӴ֮ľҵʦǸȤĶһġ
ЦЦͲˡôʱ䣬ȻԱЩоöࡣʦҡҡͷôǲˣֻҪ˸С֮ı񲢲Ҫ
ҵ˵ͷţ˵öԡһʱҲһεҵѣȻһʼҲڻһиĺѡһԲսĺսѡ
ʦ˵ǰʶ֮󣬲ŽӴЩϡŹֵ顣ҵǳ׻ˡҵ۽ˣҵҲһ־ʡϧûа취롣ѾҾúܺˡ
ʦļ򣺡ǺǣЩǵʹ֮ǰҲһ¶ʶˣҲһ顣룬һжڤڤעġʲôʱ򣬸˭Ȼǲ֪ǰźõġԵ֡
ʦҲЦЦǰԵ֣Ե֡
ڳ˺ܾã֪ǮûʲôӦˣŰǮ̧˹߼䣬Ϊ˰ȫѹ߼ҲˡǲŻص档
ϹҲҪ뿪ʦһˡ
ص˿ߡ˵ϹһæҲϢһˡ
ҿЦһۣۡûϢһỹҪȥϡϢɡǹҵ˵Ϲܽ𣿡
ҡҡͷСʻ괬ɷˣǹܲöԸ˵ͷİɣҲµģǵĶǸ𣿲ʦүȥˣ
˵ʦүȥĹȥԮǿˡҪһǵģʦүȥҿԷĵ㡣
˵ͷæɣȥϢˡ˵ź¥ˡ
ڿУֳ˸̣߳˱
߳һ紵˹ҹ·ߵӾرϡһΣϸߡҿ˿ϸ㻹ȥϻ㱨
ϸ˵Ѿ㱨ˡҲˡСӻ˵ˡһ㶣û°ɣϸҡҡͷûʲô£ǵСˡأûʲô¡
ʵô˵
ϸüͷ˵Ϻܸˣĵӡ治֪ôģ
Ҳƣ쵹иֹ徫Цóкܸ˵ӣ


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Һ;ϸţǰһΣʽܳǵǰҶԵʽ˵˵ϺܸˣôΪʲôʽЦЦź˵ʼҲ⡣ϹˡֻһֽĹȥˣЩͲҶˣû˭̬Ը쵼
һǲףҲûʲô˵ġʽܼ˵˵ˣЩǽͷݣ໥ֲֻ֮Ҫǽ磬ں͹սСʤȻһӭж⡣
ҵ˵ͷЩҲ뵽ˣûʲô˵ġһǲΪʲôôˡҶԵʽ˵ȥϡʽܵ˵ͷ˵ҲҪأȥɣ
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Ҿؿţ߹ȥɫ΢ƺԴЦŶ˵¬ǲأЦ˵ҵȻ죬Ҳ˼ҵĽû뵽
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һйݵģҲЧңʩصһôģҲÿ԰Ҳӵʮλ겿ӣҲʸֻ
˵һ֣һߵСŮùǵСĵղغá
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ҵ˵ͷл죬˹ʽվӾصıϿϵǡҳˣʽЦЦź˵ô֪Ϊʲô𣿡
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ĵʽܣϣҹϿ¹ʽܹЦ
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´ʵôˣҿ˿ֱ賿ࡣҶ˵ĹˣұϹȥСĵ㣬ǰ죬лϵǡ
˵ͷ˵ȥɡõǡ


ھʮ Ĺ
һʰһ߲ͨʦĵ绰绰ֻʦͽ˵绰ûϢһֱڵҵĵ绰һ
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ȫУҾҪȥǱߣ֪ûʲôİ취
ʦ˵ҸղҲ£а취ȻɾͶԲôҴ绰ˡһǸˣʵôʲô취
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ҸտʼеˣûзԱɵ̾˿ʦ˵ڣзɻʻִգҿȥѾ˺ߣʱɡ
˵ǿ̫ˡʰʦ˵ãϹȥ㣬ǵнͨɻ
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ҲˣȻ״̬ǺܺãҲûʲôϸ˵ýȥɡ֮ϵʲô¿໥һ¡룬˵ͷʱĵƹ֪ʦѾˡſȥ˳ҶЦЦϹҪСġ
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滹ӣģмǸӣҫۡҷ񷶥кɫĻӰڷɶɿתţ֪жٸ֪ǹ֡˼ǣҪҵǿǡ
ҽг˽˵ǡ㣬ܵʲô赲ҪܡֻҪҵǡ˵ͷˡ
һߣͷŵЩӰͻȻһҵǰ˰˸Žɫ׵ľ޺üͷǼ޺Ҹ߳ءҲģҡϸؿǣ͸Ǵͷֻܿǵһ˫˫۾һ˫˫۾쳣ɭµǣ۾ʲô
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ֻеԼһɽûаҷӰصˤȥ


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һӰˤ˸࣬ƺһҪеͷϴ޴ѹҲͷҲ֪ǰ˸޺Ѿˡһŵ˳ȥһ޺Ϻݺݵײȥ
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ǵһ߾ǵ棬ôɿյģҸ壬ͻȻе´ˮͨһҵˮСһֱ̥Ϣ½ˮСˮʮֵĺ䣬ô̹ˣֱ͡ȪˮһƴԣǲǾǡȪ
˹ֿź³ȥҪΣ廹ǲ³ȥҷΣԽԽ³ⲻѧΪʲô飬ɰ֪ˮжҵʲôʱͣ
취ѣͻȻеʲôҶҷһȥ˶һЩǻûӳǸҸоԼһŴסˡغˣҲ³ˡ
ŶסҵĴָϸҪŪۿǺѡҪñķ䣬ˮУЩȻڷóˣһʪˣˡô죿
䣬һСǴ͸ҵġЫ֮צֻӴߺΪƷһֱšѵǷǳġÿҳˡЫ֮צǴִֵĸǸ˺ðҲֻһ㡣
УһҲҪİ취ͻȻһҽĹСֵԽԽҺһĹסֱҶˡ
ΨһܻֻҵĴԣҵĴԷٵתţ˼İ취һʱҲ벻ʲôð취ʱҷ³ȥٶȼ죬ҸϽԼ뵽һ޵׵Ԩ
ô죿ô죿ҵеĹùвϵתԽԽǿԽԽΪûгڣֻҵ͡ҸеܵӺҵĹ໥ţмܵģоԼҪըһ
ƺ쳣ĽʵĳҲûжϿ˼Ҵ⣬ݺݵؼţôҲҪӡҵ屻ߵĲϵطͣƤӵ͹˳ȥҸе쳣ܡʱҸоԼ䵽˵ףͣסˡ
޷ϵӡļǺáʱͻȻдʦү¬ǲˣҸϽ˵ǰˡڱʲô޵Сϱ޷ѣˮС
ʦү˵ˮУˮֻǸȪˮһöҪ㣬˱綳ˡҲֲ˶೤ʱ䡣취
Щʦү˵Ҳ֪벻취ѡʵǿ͸־ôʦү˵ǿҩöˣ־ҲָˡǶǵΧˣҲµѾˡҸղҲ£ʵӦͬڡ޵СҿҪһ취ߵӸӣ㻹취סܶණ۷ɱУֻһ


ھʮ ǵصĴ
ʦүĻжˡ֪ǡǧﴫʱ䵽ˡҵĸоֻص˱䣬ľˮСϸǲ֪ԼҪ취ȻֻǶԿˮ͹Ǻˡ
ôءʦүĻܶණ۷ɱֻһʲôǡ۷ʲôɱأ
ڤ˼룬ͻȻеˮгһˮжҲժǸˣǺ¡ȴԶĵطһܴӰӡôٱҴĺܶࡣˮŤ˼壬ѾҵǰҿԺĿ㡣
㣬һųͣݣĹ⡣ӺжӡһֵĴ۾Բִ󼸺ռԴ͵ĺ档һǿˣֻ۾ͣתšֵĶϵĻơһ죬ܳӡ
ҸˣҲ֪ӦôӦԣҿ㣬ҲڿҡͻȻһҳ˹ͬʱž޴͡һһҵˡҲˣֻۿšۿŴĴ죬ȴϵ
֪ΪʲôҸеϵıڱ仯ƺڶЦЦĺաҸе֡ʱѾ˹һҧסҡֻеϱҧסĵطʹúܡҺһѿ͡ˮһӹ˽ҸеһŪҴ˸顣
һ£ҸоԼҧĸι̡һɫͷ˹ҾסȥֻеΧˣͷ˴ĶһɺܳζҲ˳ҸеΧ⡣ϵ䶯źܶճҺҵΧҸеϸղűҧĵطˡ
֪ǴθҺȥҿºܿͻᱻࡣҲϵŤ壬ҷסԼǴθҺеϵ·ʼڻˡҵĸӵҵıҪǱˣĶûа취ʰˡ
ҷĹֻǿıԼϵ˿ҲʹһҧԼֻһϵӾȻˡҸеһˡͷǰӡԭӱθҺʴˡаǲܾθҺʵ
ֽšĸоȥһӴܳ˴θŴʳɵ˴˿ͣɫͷҾ˹
óˡҫʡɫͷȥһӴ˺ɫͷ档̽аһɺѪͷ˳û뵽ŪһͷһǺѪ
һſˡҺЩѪһһ»ص˱ˮС㲻ģſҧ˹
ֽſչȻẦ㡣ʹ˸ǧ׹³ȥһֱסҵͷϿٵιٴĿϵڶҹЦҽһأϴȥеġҫʡݺݵĴŹ
ƺ϶ȥҵġҫʡӰУŴҲϴȥϾûСҫʡٶȿ죬ڴϵĹҵġҫʡСҫʡѴĶӣҲϴһкɫѪ˳
ʹ͡ĿҲ˺Ѫֻ֪ҪáҫʡһЩһġתһ룬Ǿɱ
֣ˮûʲô븡ܲס㣬ȥ
뵽һ֣ҫʡˮлһȦ˴ϡһϳȥĴ㡣Ķһ¡һɾ޴˹ұϷһΣ͵ȥָ¶ȥ͵ҫʡһ˴ϡ
һַ֣˴۾ϣ΢΢һ۵͵Ťһֻ۾ǰָָʾϡƺûҵ˼Դǰȥ۾ϰһ¡
ûģ۾Ҳǲеġְһ£ʹһڣҵһֻһֻǰϱ˱ȡһ£ϸȥһˣаԸˡϲиץסҫʡԷ˦
ԽԽ죬ʱҿĹһˡһҷɳˮ档ҸеһһʿͻȻһֱŵĴͻȻˡһźγɵҹһЦҼǵǴϵƮɢҲȥ
ҵͷһˮҲ֪ȥһƬɫĲݵϡƣΧϵسߴľҾȵĿһУ߳һΪִľ
Ͽ˿ͻȻ渡ֳһҸղڴ濴һһġеˣЩĺģҪԸ󷨣ǹؼ뵽ҷ˹ȥеġҫʡҲȥ
һЦһӲˡڴˡҲϽУͳһšħȥһʧֳڸղŵλáҫʡԭƲģϡ
ζһ£ƺеʹʱһ¾޴ӴһһղŵĴѾңˡҿɲˡڰŤ壬еġҫʡһķɳȥסһߵһһ˳ȥ㿪˴
ҸһҲסַɳһ˹ҸϽһǧ׹ȥΪԶ㿪Ŵǵִһ浽Ҷ˹ҸϽһǸһ˳ȥԶ࿪µ
ҸշɳһܶһŵĴҷ˹һʱǵصĶڰе㲻֪룬ôôܶĿֻеķݡ
鼱֮£ֻ˶ı˷ִŹĴȥͬʱָֻһɡζһȼ
Ҫ˵⡰ζ𡱿ǻеļƷϵĹһҽУһɺ̣ɢȥЩѾѹ
ҰвãҪǱϿǾ޷ӳȥˡ㣬ѾˣֻеֺأұЩѹ˵档
ۿžҪڵˣͻȻһгһ뷨


ھʮ 
ԽԽҲѹͳһšط˦ӵ˵ϣҺʹз䣬Ҳ֪ô鼱֮£Ҳֻһˡ
طڵϣһˡûףֻһա䵽˵ϡ
۾ºǺڰܺʲΧҡûиظУûбĸоҶЩӣӦڵ档֪ʱЧģʱ䳤ǲеġ
϶˶ͷ˵档ʲôûˣݵأ֣Щûˡ˵档һζֻص˴м䡣һվҵĶ档
һͷˣȻڴϺʹϿŹһһġԭһʩˡ
ɴһЦݣҡҺһ֪ʲôأ̧ͷͷŴеĽ⣬еۡٺٵЦЦһЦ̾Ǹղڴ˵Ǹˣ˵
ʵһ£˵öȻҲЦЦãǮĽҩЦЦ㶼ѱҪҩ֪㻹ûƽǵġ޵󡯣˵ɡ
ҲЦЦȶԸ˵˵һйáҫʡȥЦЦȴûжҵġҫʡȴԭǸˣֻһӰҸϽˡҫʡܵİ˸ִˣ¶˰˸ڶſڡŰ졣Ŵһſз˳
ӣΪǡ޵󣬿ҪôܿЩأܿ˿мɫĴӣ磬ֻа˸ſԶˡӵ޷ס˵ģйޣ֪᲻ֳ鷳Ƕһ²һ¡ѵҪ˸У
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣뵽һУǵʯġ̶̵˲䣬ҾԼȥʩչiѸײڶٶȣŰ˸жӦţޡλǸ˹ȥΪһǵ֮ǰʦү˵ķλǰѰ˸жӦšޡλǡȻš
һǸţһӺһǵá塣ֻҪҵţҾͿӳ졣
ٿڰʱɵˡΪûš˵ˡڰУҿԸоʲôڶҿָоͺһͷԱĵĽӽҵ۾֮£ʲôûֻƾҵĸо
Ȼϰߵ۾Ӻڰţҵĸо۾˲٣޷רĵĸоڰе顣Ա۾Լĸ֪û뵽һ۾Ȼ۾ܵöࡣҸеһƬտĵطھҲԶĵطһɵ
͵͵óҫʡ͵һ֣͵ĺȥǺһӱɢˡһߣ˺ͻȻǺ͵һΣΧתһȦҵһӳһȦ
ĵóһѷֽ־һ֣е÷˳ȥ֮ôΪ͵ĺͺҲһɷӵ״̬ࡣһҲ󷨡Ҫõķ䣬סĻǣҪǲȫ
ĳҲע⵽ҵһӺܾ㵡û뵽һͻȻҲˡеĳһΣһųҵķȦУֻ۾ãȻҲ֪ʲô֪ҵķãһ￴˶һͦµģһʱǻزȥġ
ʱߵľҲ仯ˡҷֻص˴棬ǽ̻Ի͡źɵҵߡһãȻ¶ɫ
ҡҡͷóˡҫʡ˱ñźһΣˡҫʡСһĻһǲȫˡҾпܻǮĽʬҩҩ
ܱÿյģҲ֪ǲǵġ޵ʱǰһΣĳҵǰ˽ҺܸˣʵôûҵǣһΣԲϴһɳȥ·ˣҲ·㣬ǻҲ·ҶҪˣҿղһ·ˣܻص
̾˿һǾˡǳˡʱҵиճǿӡһ󼤶ǿáۡ˵Ӧǻָˡǿе˥˵¬ˣ
ҸϽ˵˺ܾˣڴм䣬ôҵǣǿ˵ҵ˴ʱĸһѾ׷ˡǻŲ·ܵĺ档ܽǸš
ҽӿ˵ҾҪǸඣǿ˵ԣǻĸһΧţ֪ΪʲôھȻֹͣߵľɫҲˡǲˣ
˵и桮󷨡ղű˻ǣĻǲȫҿʱֹͣ󷨡һͲ˵ˣһǸϽҵ˵
һߺǿ˵ţһܵĺ档ֻ޵Ļ׺ݡûʱֱ߽ǵСһƬڰҲʲôͨ·ҼǵлصġҸϽҵ˻ء˵ϵǸšȥһڰĿռ䡣
һֱߵǸռľͷҵ˻ءҴ򿪻أȴûгͨǶ洫һ졣ȻҿԸܵõǽȥһռ䣬кܶĶҸϽȥŷ֣ȫǡյơ
áͨǿ˵ǿˡûҵǣҵһ䣬ǡյơôأǿ˵ŶϽ˰ɣҲûá
̾˿һ֪Ҫ٣ô١ûĻ»ѻŵġǿҲһʱ˵Һʦүһ¡
ҲԽҲ֪ôŪźãΪ˻𹥣벻İ취
ڤ˼룬ͻȻеʲô͵һͷֻ֪ʲôʱֻ޾Ȼվҵˡһֻվס˽Ųͷϵֻ۾ضҡһҪʲôͻȻͷɽֻ۾⡣£˻档
ǿ־ʦүһȦ۾ڻָһԿǵܶӰӰ̵Ӱӣ֪ʲôҺƣҲڵ״̬ɵҪҵأ
ҿ˿ֻޣ˵Ҫʲôôҵǣ޶ҡҡͷĻˡһֻɿݵֲϸһɿݵֲȻǡյơ


ھʮ ҵǿ
Ϊʲô֡յơǷһءƵʱ򣬻ֱˣеĳһˮֱӽˡյơ棬ֵǣյơһˮȻðһ̡ˮˡ
ͻȻˣǸڸң𡰽յơԭⶫˮǵð죬еǷ䣬䵱ж¼ˮҲˣҲˡ
ҶǸЦЦǼһﲢûʲô顣ֻľȻĿšҡҡͷͳ˼ŷֽáҫʡ滭ˮȻǸǡյơķС˲伸Ȫӿˮ
ЩյơȴûղŵĻбֵð̣ջ١һӴˮһ֧֧ľȻͦصûбժӡʻĺܡҴ󾪣޲ƭҰɣôûʧȻøʻˡ
һͷǸһǼһﻹһԵı顣ҸҪ˵ͻȻӷд˻˻ҰһֵζһͷһղŻʻġյơȻһ̣ĺһ
ֻ˲䣬Щյơˡ˺˼㿪ǹֵζ
ʱҵֳǿǿ˵ô£ʲôζҸϽ˵ǲһֵζǿ˵ǰ洫ģеǺҸϽ˵ҰЩյơˣЩȻˮҸ˼ˮˡ
ǿЦЦǿɲⶫǰһɾûˡҲЦЦǸ޽ҵģˡҲŵǹζǴ洫ȥģô˵ඣ
ǿ˵ǰɣɡҵ˵ͷţ·ȥ
ҵĻ䣬ӰͻȻҵǰһ㶣ӰѾ˹һһǡְԡɫ̫ͼеһ˷ȥһȥ˵һѵһбĿ˹
̧Ǹ˵Ķ߹ȥһߵǸһ̹Ž̫ͼȥǼһһͽ̫ͼײһ𡣱ײ÷˳ȥ
ǵǸһո㿪ҵȣһҵȿ˹һ֡ҫʡҵУҫʡסðѵһ죬һᡰҫʡǼһŴȥǼһһᵶ֮ǰһ֡ҫʡתһƿĵǼһϡ
ǼһҽһȥһҲʱеĹҴҽ̤ǣһת㿪ľһСβǸ˹ȥ˰·֮޷У˶ϡƺһһ˳ȥ
ֻǼ£Ҿ̵ˣҿ˵˭ҵĻû䣬һǹ졣ֻеһʹãǹˡҸϽʩչi㿪ǹ졣ҿǱҴϵǸٿǹ
һ߷ɿƶеġҫʡ߰ĳǼһϵǹȥһӵҲͳǹҾǹҸеӵŻȵĿҷɹ׼ǼͷǦһءȻԶ㿪Ͻ任һ˹ȥڵϹ˼¹ǸǡյơķСһǱˡ
һˡһó˵ת֮䣬˳ȥһֻǱһ졣Ǹǹ˵ǹȻˣǹǼһšǼһŵһͷĶһȦһ˷ȥ
ҽǹѵǸȥǸҲһΣǰһӳһģһˣǡ󷨡Ҳֱ棬һӡҫʡЩ˾˹ȥʱ׷һˣǹšǹ
Ǹ򲻵Ǹ˵ϴһɻصҵС߸ҲҵĴ֮£һɨգˡǸҲˡ
ĴĿţ֪ǸܵȥˣüͷѰǸˣѰͨ·
洦⡣ֻ޲֪ʲôʱվҵߡҿ޶˵ɲ԰ҵͨ·ûʲô飬֪Ը⻹ǲԸ⡣һתźȥ룬ȥ
ʱҷԼļ顣ڼ˿һ£ѪǺɫġãӵжҸϽ˶ӵͷ˳ȥ۵ò˹ȥ
޻ص֮ǰҼĵط˻ȥһһǿĽ䣬שͷ͹һ飬ӦǸء
ЦЦһȻϢģͦɡҶ˵лл
˿ڣߵǸأ˻ءһ𶯣Ȼһͨҷ𣬴ǸͨһȥͻȻö粻ơһҷ˹
ҸϽٵϷȥĶ㿪ǸҲſǾȻһѷɵŷɵķȥǱһƬɣʲôҲ
ҸϽáͨǿеˡǿ˵ʦүȥˡǵ˺ֿˣֻһˡҲҵ飬ǳŷɵķ˳ȥǱ߱յͨ
һӰҲ𣬽һֱ׷ǸӰǸɵˡ֮һӰҿʦүӰҸϽʩչiǱ׷ȥ
˵ٶȿˣѾ׷˵󣬽һѾ˵ȡһҽУſ˵ϡʦүҲɿظ˹ȥҲ˹ȥһ˵˵ϡ
ƺһҷʦүѾ˵ľǣѾһغˡҸ˵ʲôʦүһץҵ֣ܵˡ
˺һ󣬲ſڵϵǿһߵĸ־ʦүһߡɿҵ֡
ҿ˿ǿֿ˿־ʵǿôǿ˵ѾûʲôˣֻȵĻܶʲôšҵ˵ͷʵ־ôˣʦү˵ȱѪˣҵûʲôѪǿкԡ
Ҷû˵˴͸ҵġЫ֮צڸ첲ϻһĿӣѪһӿҰѸ첲͵˸־ߣѪ˸־־Ͷ˶缢ƿʵİѪȵ˿С˼ڣ־۾ң͡
˵ˣȺŰɡѪ˵ʲô־һ£ڿܣĺ
˼ڣ־ľöˣһҿŸ־˿ץסǿơãȻûйͷҵĹһԽǿУȻЩסǿ°ҷǳ̡֪ǿôӵġ
Ƿ˺ôŴЩᣬҵͷȫǰë


ھʮ ж
ǿȣһ˵ؿɺˣҪȥ𡣡סǿ˭𣿡ǿһҾǵӶûмҪ浶ǹٴ
ҡҡͷ˼ڲݴ͡˵ЩһѾǴˡҿǹá䵽һһܵˡһʦүŤ˲ˡһ˻ǣǲȫһأ
ҿ˿ʦүʦү֡ʦү˿ңЩ˶аĺܣȻҪնݳи֮ʣΪʲôҪأҲ֪ô˵źãԭϽʦү˵ûġǾúܲ
ǿƺҲҵһ˵ˣˣѡյơˣʲôҩҲɲˡĸһҲˡǻǿô߰ɡ
ǿҼ˿ϣ۵ƺһע⵽Ҳˡʦүһüͷǹˣҵ˵ͷǰû뵽ǻǹԡ
ʦүҵ˿ڣжжˡҪⶾҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôô⣿ʦүüͷ˵Ҳǣֻܻȥ˵ˡһҲܾˡҪȥ˵
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȻǶá͡ħơǸˡҿ˿ǿǿ˵ͷʾû⡣
һȦҺǿóˡ͡ħơ׼Ҹһ˶ͻȻû飬˵İӲܲ빦Сͷӿ亹ûзһӵˡ
˶һʦүַסҡ־ʵôǲʧѪˣʦү˿ңҡҡͷԭжˣָιѪѪҺѭЩҺѾˡ
ֻǸеԣǿϽͳˡٻҿһţʦү˵˹ѹסЩԣǸûа취Ҷҡҡͷʱҷ֣˵˵ˣҵͶˡ
ʦүüͷ԰ˡٻӦÿˣôأѵеĶ񾭶أǿ񾭵ġ
һ˵ˣڽſˮֻܶգ۾ǿϽҵ֣ѹҵ塣־Ǳ߰ѾɺԵ˿ڣָˡ漷ѪЩѪǺɫġҸеһѣһͲνˡ
ԺУһееĹٵתţҸͲҵĿơҵеҴܡЩʲôҵѰҳ·ڡڣҵļҵһڡ͵һӿ˳ȥ
ֻеһʹһͬʱҼϵ˿ֱˣһɺѪ˳ȥ۵ֱ죬Ҷĸ־æ㿪ǹɺѪ˵ϡ
һߵǿʵô¬ҡҡͷĵûʲôĺʹʦү˿ңѪҺĵеء²ùҪϢһ󡣡
ҵ˵ͷڵϣùתǿʵЩʲôˣ˵Ǻ˵𣿾ǡšĴ󻤷ǿһңʲôӶû
ʦү˵ҲǵǵĹǺǵ󷨸ҪǸУȥԸ¬¬˻ǡǵĴǻƲأҪҿ֮ǰˣҪ˽öġڸˡ
ǿ˿ң˵ôĻǵģ
ЦҡҡͷǻǼ򵥣Ҫǲá󷨡ԸҡҪҪʱġɷӺ桮󷨡ûռˡɷӵ£ôԸءĻǣʣµܴ߶֪ҷǵĲֿ⣬ԾȥҲûռˡʦүŪˡ
ʦү˵ĸһﳤһӦİ̥ҷĸַǳһ˵ʱ򣬾ͲôˡʧܵľǷֿˣߣһϽûǵ֡ʣµļһҲˡ
ҵ˵ͷȻԸʦүɱˣҲ˵ʲôϾĵ¹ۣǵĲǺһҺ֣ǿΪʲôŪҶǿ͸־˵ôŪãô
ǿ̾˿˵֮ǰͲ˵ˣǵ˻ʳǣˡˡҺǵ˼䣬Ҳ֪Щһڴ˶ǲܽС˵ţͻȻ֮䣬ܳ˺ܶĶЩšĻйġЩˡõĵֿһԿЩʵ̫ࡣˡʧҲǲС˲ٵˡǰЩˡĴ磬ȻӲİƵ˴档ǡˡֻˡ
Ҳ˵ʱ濴ˡˡǵĺܴ˲ٵˡ
ǿ̾˿ЩˡȻӲߣ塣ǹ˼Һ͸־һͲԭӣһƬĮҺ͸־һȥͱɳסˡǺͷɳ˺һɳлиָĹ˺һ󲫶ɱ˻ĮĴ
ҵ˵ͷҲ˴ұסˣܣǵһ
ǿ˵ͷɲӸ޷ѣһıˡֳ˺ܶķɳ棬ǳһҧһС⣬ʹġҵġ롯Щӣҧ˳ǼһŪ˺ܶġ롯ЩСӶҧˡҪҺ͸־ɾ군ˡʦүˣһײ˴Һ͸־ŷǾڴм䡣ʦүհǷſֱˣܶĶ׷ɱǡʦүܣһ·˺ܶ鷳Ҿˣҵʱ䳤ˣȻˣܵͶˡ־ҲΪˣľûмʹѪҲˡǱ˵ģҲ˹ˡҪʦүҵҵġٻ군ˡ֪ˡ
ǿ˵ȻǼ򵥣֪ʱĹһ򵥡һǾһȻ־ĽʬṦľȻǶˣнҲûռʲôˡ
ʦүһӣ˵ָһ£ҳȥǣʬҲãӦÿһ
ҵ˵ͷ鷳ˡǾ㣬ٹһҾͿԻָˡȥذɡ
ʦү˵ͷһΣˡǿźڰ˵ʦүȻһ군ЩšļһﵹǺ˵⡮޵ͺǻ԰
ҡҡͷʵҲûʲôġͺǵЩѾǲùáֻҪǲǣűߣǾͿԴˡˣҲ᲼ġ
ǿ˼ĵ˵ͷ


ھʮ ǿ֮
Һǿһ󣬸оöˡʦүҲһػˡǿʵôʦү˵ֻһʬ塣˵ſ˿ҡҲʦүɱǸඣǱеǸûܵǲǡ
ʦү˵ͷҲ˵Ǿе㲻ԾǿʵʲôԾʦү˵Ǹû˵˾ˡʣµȥˣһǻǲȫһˡܵȥأ
ǿ˵ҲûǸû˵ĴˣʦүЦЦһôܡҿǸ˻ĲǱˣ˵Ӧáҽӿ˵˼ǣǼһﻹ
ʦү˵ͷ˵ԣҾǻСĵ㡣ǿе㲻ںֻʣһôǵİɣʦүüͷչƺǲͻ
˵Ҳˣ߰ɣˡЩ˻ҵģĻǻҵ档ʦү˵ͷҵߡ
Һǿó˽ͽħƣǰѹ뵽ͽħϣ˽⣬ԽԽǵǰһͻȻһǹ졣ҵһڷϾ˼
ǰһΣǳ˱ԺĸһҸϽеǹղš־ںûǹ˵ǸͲҪʦүҲǺں˻һƤҡǿɫ԰סĽвá
ҸϽȥסǿǿһһᵹˡҸϽǿһ¡ǿȻһûСҴ󾪣ô
ҴĽеǿǿǿôǿıƽ۽գڽһѪ⹦ʦү͸־ҲΧʦүվǿص̾һ
̧ͷʦүôˣʦүҡҡͷָָ档ҷȥǿıǿĺĴһ󶴡ѪðţѪһƬҲˡ
ҵ͵һ飬֪һǹһǿµǿӵνġըӡһӴĿ꣬ӵͷͱˡǿҪǻ;ϹȻֻһʱ䣬ǿû˾ȡ
޷ǰҴҡǿǿִǿĿڴóˡٻǿѪĭ͡Ҳ֪Щ޼¡
־ҺǿߣѾˡһ仰Ҳ˵صĿšʦүüͷ壬Ҳˮۿдתһʹı顣
ҽرǿϣ˵仰˵ҲãǿѾûϢ
ٻȥѾһˣǿûʲôҵĹһֱǿͣǿûʲôӦҲòϣǿѾȥˡҵҽرǿ絶ʡ
ڵʹʧȥʱһģͺ񿳶ҵֽһľʹֻǶ̶̵һʱ䣬һʧȥõѡôܲʹأ
ʱǴ죬Ӧӵӡǵ˱ˡͷһܳһĻӭǵӣܵҵߣͷҲɵˣź涼Ѫûǿͷô¶ˡһߣţҲǹᡣ
е˶˳ͦŴǵߡұǿʹ飬ҲĬĬᣬֱסҡվһ߲۾Ҳһš
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ʦүҵļ򣺡¬ڰɣ
̧ͷˮҵУʲôҵ˵ͷվǿűȥ
Ұǿʬ˵³ľ̨ϡΧһȦʦүʵôǲҪ͵᳡
ҡҡͷ֪ͨɶðɣôҲҪɶǿһ档ͻȻ޵ú֪һ˴ϣԭѾƽ˰ֱ̣ҿˡҶ˵ûȥɡСµĵ˵ͷȥˡ
ʦүһߣ˵¬̫ˡǿȷʵһܾ޴ʧǻͣ죬ȻɡȻǿǱǹġ룬а취𻯵İɣ
ҵ˵ͷûʲô⣬֪ͨ߶ӳҲˡҵĺʹ
־ߵҵߣ˵ҵҲʹҺ뱨ҪҵšЩˣǿܰ˵ţ
־һһٶĽʬҲһˡƽʱǳĬԣô˵֪ʦүһǵ˼ǲһģûʲôµĵߣ׼ľǡ˲ңҲˣңұطˡгһҪġҺǲһЩϾˣǹֻȻһ򣬿䣬Ӧֻǽ֮Է
ҿ˿־˵ҲһǡҪʰ飬ģһҹġǿ鲻Ū̫ǺҪӳ顣
ʦү˻⣬˵ǸϽ绰ϵɶ͸߶ӳɡҵ˵ͷ¥ȥ
ôӶ¥õķ˳ҸҪ˵һơС˵ÿˣո˯ˡҳʹĵ˵ͷҲ˵ˣ
Һ¥صԼķ䡣ңϹû°ɣҵ˳˵ҺʹʹʱһʹǶõĸǡ
ҵͷҵϣȻʲôҲû˵ȴе̤ʵ֪е֧ǣ֧֮Ҳ뿪ҡԽԽģᾹȻֹסˡ
Ҳᣬ˵ϹˡǿĻĿλΰأ
ұ˵˵˰ˣһôأˣһ£ô죿֪Ҳ˵ΪãҲ뿪ңı˹¼ҹˣһĲҲӿ
ôǶԵĻر⡣ǿֶ¡ʹ顣ʵһֱԡֻΪǲܸı飬ֻԡεԣǵжѹ̫Ķ޷ͷš
Ǳһ˺һҿһۡҿץɱµأȴסԼİˡҸеһеԼҵĸӵʹˡ֪ȥģǻŵġԳܵġܡģûа취ֻĵĹʱ䡣
ҲϵˮЦЦ˵ˣţ߶ӳͿɶô绰ɣǹҪȥǿһ
Ҳˮ˵ͷţҴ绰Ҳȥ


ھʮ Чջ
ҳ˷䣬·ʱ򣬷ֲ֪ʲôʱѩߵǰƿ˱ĴšѩƬƮӵ£ҵһ̡֧˳ȥѾһƬˡ
ѩ׵ĵϣ³һ̡ղǿڵϵѪѾѩڸˡͷ֪ҵߡҶˡͷͷͷǸֻ۾ģ˵С
֪ͷҲѹǱһҶԡͷ˵Ҳѹ𣿡ͷĵ˵ͷͣǷģǰ
ҡҡͷ֪ҲѹһҪܣ˵˵Ҳûа취Ȱ㣬һܡȥǿ
վŵ³ȥͷĬĬظں档
ջһƬ־ǿ壬һɾ·ɻҿǿݣǰꡣվǿߡ˵ǿʦȻˣĻǿԻܿġǡߡΪʲôô׾أ
ʦүһߣ˵ҸղҲ⡣ǿˣҲǵ硣ǲǴͷȥˣתʦүΪʲôҪѵ֪ǻѹ
ʦү̾˿νλΰ취ôܵأˣǿǷˣǽǴԲҪħֻߣһжעġǿֻͨ취ܲĽ硣
Ҳ֪ʦү˵öԲԣĻ˼ֱ׳ǲô˵ʧȥǿ˵һǿˣҿ԰л꣬
ʦү˵ͷɣҲá
ʱˣ滹ſɶ͸߶ӳһߣÿɶߵǰ档ɶߵǿǰ档
ǾĵĿſɶҵȴźХɽıȴûɶĿɶֻվǿߣ۾žġҲҴûôģҵĺһˮ
Ƕסˣſɶõľֱɶͣס߶ӳңʲô˵ҵѱšĻɱˡ߶ӳ˿ǿʵôɱģ˵ǹǡըӡֱըˡ
߶ӳüͷ̾˿˵Ǳߡ߶ӳ˿ңԳ˲ɫҪҡ˵ˣҲ˵һǡšġ֪Ӧúܿͻҵ߳֡ô˵ˣҲܶɱֻ֣ܰץϣܸҵŪ֤Ի
߶ӳ룬˵ͷ˵ðɣҿ԰㣬ӵͷܸܲңȥǹе־һߣóһӵͷӵͷһŵĻ䣬ɼʱը
߶ӳӹӵͷŵһ֤ռ˵ˣԺǸ֤͹
ҵ˵ͷллˡ߶ӳ̾˿һҵļ򣺡Ҳڰ˳ɣ˵תˡ
ߵ˿ɶߣûʲôɣɶɶЦЦǿˣǼ¡ҵҲͽˡ޷֮ˣֻءֻǲ֪ǿǲǿֻ֮ࡣĳ
ƽĿɶĲ١֮ǰȷСɶˡԭĺҶԿɶ˵ǿûˣֻѡǾҪˣȻ˵ĿǱϾ𡭡
ɶ˵¬磬һһֱģһǿһ̵ġİɡ
ҵ˵ͷɶֻصǿߡһӣǿߣǿ˵ˡ
ʦү͵Ŀ˿ɶĬĬĵ˵ͷһߣ˵Ҫȥһ£̽һϢҪȥЩλҰԼŰɣܲܰѽҡ
ҵ˵ͷг˽һ£ʦү˵ͷҪߡץסʦү˵һҪСġҲ롭ʦүЦЦİɣҲµġ
ֻʣҡ־ͷ˿ֱ˵ϹȳԷɡҵ˵ͷߵ˿ɶߣɶҰ˰֣¬磬ùҡҲԷġҿ˿ҡҡͷҰ˰֣ʾȥ
ҽˡͷ־ȴ˵ʲôҲȥһҲóԷҺСͷȥˡ˵ôǿûˣɶôԷһҸˡ
ҵ˵ͷʳ֪ζĳ˷еճƵĺܣõҲܵ͡ҲǺܿġҴҴҵĳ˼ڣ˳ȥҵԺ
ҵһ֧̣ϵķѩ˵̫ˡеơ˵ҲӦɶѧϰһ¡ûвɢϯ˶һ죬ѡ
̾˿˵Ҳ֪ǺѹҲˣҿܲܰǿĻǽл
߽˵³⡣ɶûжӡ־Ҳ㶵һߣ֪ʲôҵյ͵ƣǿΧȻߡϵסյ͵ƣץһȣ˸ȿ·óǿּǿͷ͵ϵȼָǿĻǾͻῴ͵ƣһصˡ
취ΪЩûе߻ػҹĹлõġʱĹ꣬»꣬ƵԺأ֪νֻп⡰ǵյŻҾǿзĸ֣ӦԼͿԻֻˡ
ǵ˺ܾãҲûʲôҸе֣Ը־˵־˸յ͡ҳȥһ¡־˵ͷ
ҵ˱档г˾ϸϸҲһıߣϴʲô£ǿûˣҲģһһ
̾˿ˡǿĻǡΪʲôҽϸңǰɣ˼ҲǷǿˣô궼вҪǽвҸҲˡôô֪أҪ͵߻ػ֮ҹ˵ɣ
˵ϻҵȻ֪Ҳȥҹʹߣ֪𣿡ϸȻϴа취ȥҿϸһβˡ
վԺһ֧̣ĵžϸϢҵһ֧ûг꣬ϸˡ˵ûҵǸʹߣҵ˱ˣҪҪһ£
ʵ˭û䣬üǰ˵Ұ
ҸϽʩ񣺡ˣҵѡüң˵ˣ֪ˡáǵյջ󷨣ǿʦĻǡ˵ҲҲҲĻǸͲǱǵ˹ߵġ
һ㶣ʲôǹߵģ


һ ǿ
üңһΡҶǵ鲻Ǻ˽⣬ҲΪʲôĻǿĻȴǹߵġ
ҶԳüʵǹߵģ˭ߵģüҡҡͷ֪Ĳ֪ǵĻûǿ֡Ҹ֣˵ʲô⵽ô£ǲǿû
üһ⣬ƺֹҿӣе˵ǲ֪ô£˵ü˵˰ɣȷʵǲ˵ҹǲΪҵ
̾˿ҲΪֻΪˡô£ü˵й¶ʱ֪ġйϵ˵Ļ㶼ҲˡҲҵĻˡ˵ųüһתˡֻһվ
һع·ųüĻʱ򣬿˵ƵĻҪҴϵĻǡЩΪʲôҰ˼⣬ҲֻЩһﲻôʣǶġ
ϸߣϴ󣬲ˡܶ鶼ܵġ˵ġвҲ˰ɣȥҲǼ¡
ҿ˿ϸһﵹѵõ档̾˿ô죿ǶǴȣһС첲Ȼšˡֻܻˡ֡ǿ˻ûأ
ϸ˵ȻˡҪȻҲˣһǿĻأϸҡҡͷƻˡϴǲеִˣˡѾˣܰɣ
εĵ˵ͷߵӾرϵĳϡɨѩ档ó֧̣һˡһ֧Լţһ֧ŵһߣǿߡֹǿʦ⾿ôأѵİ뵽ˣ
һ󺮷紵ڳһǿһ˵ҪĽ磬ȥ㱱ɰɣҵѣһչġֻǿϧˣôϲԶ֪ǲǻкóԡһǸյֽʡĵ棬ûжԡ
һصУ˺ܶĻֽʼǿֽ˺ֽܶҲ֪ǿǲյһеһ㡣
еֽվһͷֵʽվҵߡʽܿҡҡͷҶ֪ˡ¬ڰ˳ɣҡҡͷһ갲οңҽڰ˳䣬е֡
ʽЦЦ˵Цˡһʵˡҵ˵ͷȻе֣ұҪܣҽҪϵĽܡ𽫣˵һܴʧ
ʽЦЦʧ֪ǸҪء߰ɣҵ˵ͷŵʽ߽Ĺ
֮ϣ촩һɫְҵװһְҵŮԣͷҲ򵥵Ӹһ˫ɫĸ߸ЬЭûϣվ˴м䡣ҽ¶Цݡ
ʩһ˵ǿҲ֪ˡϣԿһЩʱ뿪ǻǻġҿ˿죬˷ܵӡҵ˵ͷʵ֪ʲôûô˷أ
ЦЦ¬ȻȻԿóҺܸˡȷʵΪֻһСŶӦɫģʲôҽӿ˵ǴˣѵʲôϢ
˵ͷ㱱һţ˵ĺԸǡɽͷҲм֡һ١İǾͺһİ
һ㶣˵û뵽㱱ɷչô죬ôŶ೤ʱ䣬Ѿ˼ˣ̫ˣҲǵһ֧ˡ
˵ͷԣҸģֻҪһɱ磬ϾͻͶǣһԽԽࡣҵ˵㡣˵š֣סš˵ǲϣ¬ԡ
ҵ˵ͷŵ飬һŹǵġֻǿ飬һҪʦүһᾡġǸνŵʲôط
쿴˿ңǸطһĵطǹĵ̡Ǳߣ߾ášһˡ֮ǰֻǷЩλҰ֪Ϊʲôˡ
üͷһֹڸҾǴӡġֻصˡȻǹؼҶ˵ϣ˵ǸطȥġǵӦþںм䡣㱱Ҳݵģİɣһȥġ
˵ͷܺãܺáҵĺϢҲˣȥ˰ɡҵ˵ͷҵļϡ˵ϴˣʵ˭Ū˵ģ˵ŵһǺġҵ˵ͷ֪ˣȥ˰ɣϴ㱨ġص˵ͷ
֮󣬵賿ģƺҪ´ѩˡһǹݵĳͣǸ档ǵ˰ǿʬ̧˳ǿǿ˳ҲȥϹҲ֪ˣ֪ʱҲǿ˸ϡﻩҲˡҲǹݵĳ
Ǹյ㣬ڳеһߡҪƹСԭ·ȴạ̃ܶܿ졣ڳ䣬ѾĿĵءɶĸǿĺ档վڸ棬ǿ屻ƽ¯УܴҵҲĬĬţֻпɶûпޣСžġ
ȥʱ򣬴ѩ³ˡڵĺڹһƺûһѩƬôƮƮؼ˲ͱһƬס
ĬĬĻص˱黹ǺܳءɶҪһǿգؼˡϹԼ˾ȥġ˶صҵıϹ˿ңϰ壬㻹ðɣЦЦûʲôѾǵڶˡеϰˡ
ң㶼ûô˯ȥ˯һҲеһƣϵģϵġҵ˵ͷһɡȥϢһ¡
¥صԼķ䡣һڴϣ˯ˡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ԼȴʹࡣһһƬڰҲ֪Ǽ㡣ĺܽҲաѰӰԴƺ޴ڡҸ޷λ
ҳʵ˭˭û˻شֻвϵϸıͻȻܶ졣벻˭һżѹԼڴϡֻſڴϵģ£Щơ


һһ ٸ
ְԼ֧е˳ˡڴϣ˿ӣû滹Ǻܺڣʱ䣬Ȼ磬ѩ£֪ҪµʲôʱĨһԼһ¡ֵֻһĴĿ˿䣬ʲôûУ̾˿ص˴ϡ
óһ֧̣ϣݺݵسһڡ˶񡣲߳˷䡣ҵ¥£Ҷڣ¥ӭĿһۡ˵ûˡ˵ͷҸ˵࣬˰ɡҵ˵ͷ
ʦߵҵߣҵļû˵ʲôҵ˵³⡣ǿĹǻҾǿƬǰи¯ó̵ֻˣ¯С
һߣǿʱ򣬳Ŵˡʦү˽ʦϽӭȥʦү㡭
ʦүʦ˵ͷáʦʵôʦү˵ͷϻˣûüǿһ̡ҿЦһҲûʲô㲻ǻô̽ʲôϢ
ʦү˵ܲášĶܴѾϧ¶ǵصʵ׷ʵǵʲôжأʦүһߵϣʦʦүһ衣ʦүһڣ˵Ǻķ򼯽ᡣһ֣
ҵ˵ͷȥһ֣ӦЭ֮ŵġģȻ鷳ġֻһЩˣҲΪǡֻǲ֪ɷʲôʦүüͷҡҡͷһ⣬ʼҲɷӵ䡣֪ʲôôȥѰˣϣЩ
̾˿˵ôߣֿԱκ˵ӣԼľĳ˵еǲöԸҪչ˼ҪǱߣǿûˣֲ˵Ƿ
ʦү˵ͷҲģȴһѽ⣬ǹ꣬ЩֲáڰЩ꣬Ȼúˡ
ҡҡͷǺİ취Ӧûаʦү˵Ҳ˺ܾãҴڱΧԲ׵ķΧһа󡯡֪ģаǺĴȻ֪ûаڹ󣬶ģô󷨣ҲǸ㲻ġ
ʦү˵ҿɰŪáϵĽʮŮٰæΧúáֻҪ¥ϵǸ޴İԾ⣬ڴġǬλϾˡҵ˵ͷ򵥡һҪڶ¥׼һ̳Աʱ֮衣ʦү˵ͷܺãʱһõϡ׷ʵôʦү˵ֻñˡûģñʲô
ʦү˵ֶеĺɡ±һùñɻȻԹҲеˣڻ࣬Ӧû¡ϾЩŮٶзġ
ҵ˵ͷãñôʦүЦЦҲյ㶫ϣûϷԸЩŮԼˡҪǸǸзˡ
ҵ˵ͷͿԽˡȥԸ֡ʦүһЩûľҪˣеǿĻ𣿡ҡҡͷûУ
ʦү⣬ֻǵ˵ͷʵ֪ҲлǿĻƵãʦү˵ͷһ㶼⣬Щ֮ˣǿôߵģǲһ;ġҲżҸоǻټġ
ҵ˵ͷҲô˵ġһһġʲôʱأʦү˵Ұе飬Ǿߡʦӿ˵Ҳȥ֪ȥ˷鷳ЦЦϸæǲҪæˡȥͷҲҪǵġ
ʦ˵ͷİɣһչ˵ġʦү˿˵Ҫ׼һЩһʦ˵Һһȥɡʦү˵ͷ
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ʦү˵ͷھǸеһ뿪˵棬ȥ
ʦү˵ǿԸˣҪûǵĺСʱͿԵˡλϢһˡ


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ʦүһЩСආֵһ𡣲֪Ľɫһ߼Ĵ߶һʵǴģôЩ֪أʦүЦЦҲҲа취ùڰ𣿡һҲǣ̺ⷨšбİ취Ҳϡ档
ʱЩ궼ˣֵϿտҲ־üͷʵˣô죿ʦү˵ҪҵͿطˡ̧ͷ˿죬һƬʣǿ̫ȴ쳣ҿԸܵһǿҵȶȡ
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ʦүЦŵ˵ͷˡ׷ʵдʲôʦү˵ҲûʲôǼ˵ʵ˭ʦүüͷ˵¬һʦү˵ǿ첨һ£ΪʲôʦүЦЦŪ顣ĵط
ʦүת˳ȥǽں档ֵһ档һӣͿһˡǸ˱ǡ
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ЦתһϤǵǰ˾ȻǸ߶ӳôԲ죬ץһ£һƤץȻ¶һҲú죬ȻûֱԹԶΪɷӡ
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ʦү˳˰աſУһ磬һǿǵΧתʦү˵ҪҵĹ̽
۾Űеʦүʦүûб顣ܵԽԽǿֱʡҺ͸־̾ʦүĹǲ֪ΪʲôǹͻȻı˷ѹʦүߵķݴӰе
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ʦү°ϵĺ˵ϴʱϵƲ߼һӦ߼ˡҪǽһʱ޷ѵġ
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ʦүˣ˵У̫أҵĹòķӡе֣õĲǡħ󷨡ӦǼ°ô
ʦү̾˿ҲҺ¹һԭȻҵġħ󷨡ҲɣģһԹصҵĹͻۡԡ
üͷˣͺǵĹһʦү˵ͷ˵ǻһԡóˡҫʡӶŴʯͷȥҫʡϬķһӴʯͷϡҵ÷飬ǿʯͷƺǲΪ
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ʱ򣬴ʯͷѾѪˡȻĳӣǳָСںɫҺ䶯ţŴĿġǸеһķ顣
ܶĳʯͷһѳЩɫĳӣٵˡУˮУˡˮгһ˿˿ĺߡ
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һ֦Զǹ˵ʵȻѵǶǹϤǹеĹ춼ǲġѸٵǹ˩ӵǹšҾǹ׼¹
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ۿǸ¹ײ˹ץסǸ¹ǡ¹һܼȻһӣСұ¹ǵ棬ȥ
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ܿ˿ȻЩѲݡ͡յơôһһġЩʬҲһƬƬһߡ
ҿ˿ֻ˵ղʹֻ¹ǶǱвȵģǲǡ
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ȻǴϵȷʵ֡Ҷɽִ˸ڣѡͷгɽֻҿڵĻûСͷ
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ӦǸһ֪ǺʲôǡͷһкܴΪʲôһξĵأŻҵĳ棬ͱӦһܼҵսΪʲôϢأͷܵأ
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ڳԹ˺ܲСߵҵߡһûȫָװһ˵߹ңͻȻҵĲ˹ҵĲϹСͷнСͷܸȤһ֣ժһ
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ҸоԼ񱻻ͷײһ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡһǺŵءҸеؿһһѪҲǻʹƺͷҲˡ
½ҷֶ̧šҫʡЦĿңڿһѺܲһһ˹
վǻѪֻͨۿҿһ߿һ֡ʱҲܶǽ첻Ӧеز顣
ֻԼ־áҫʡصҵСǡҫʡĿлζͣǷɲ
ڼӴҵҫʡǳȴһ˺ܶɰ
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Цţҿ뾡һа취ȴ޷ڵĽ֣ؼϵѪ˳ˡҲװСִ֮ΪʲôѪò˳
С۾ضҲϹҵĹͷ¶̰ɫ͵ؼӿٶȣҴ˹Сһ죬ҵĲץֻĿšۿС־ҪץҡͻȻ䣬ˡֻۿңסˡ
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ҸϽߵˡͷߣͷ壬ͷûʲôҲһеľв˳ҸϽѹ뵽ͷͷйʱҵĹѡͷеĹҵĹֱѾͷ󺹣ͷһ
ͷ˿ܣңֿڵϵһ˹ȥҪҧ
ҸϽסˡͷȥĲסͷͣסˣǻߺߵĿŵϵǰȲһţƺŻصҵߡ
Һ֪ͷ׾ʲôǡͷֲ˵Ҳǰʡ
Ҷԡͷ˵߰ɣȥʦүǡͷ˵ͷ
Ͽ˿ҵǵĵطһͨԼĿǱߵĹͨġҵֱסͷ˳ǸͨϷȥһֱ˳ȥ䵽ѩϡҸеһľʹѩϣڵĴϢš
ͷһ߿ҡ֪ˣΧҲͣתһżӡһһ󣬸оöˡóһŷֽ˺ʦүǧﴫʱʦүҴҸ˹Ұ˵һ飬ʦүҵļ򴦲鿴һ£˵ˡãֻ˵˹Ĥй塣ҿҵĹʱоۡҵ˵ͷܺá
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е㵣ĸ־Լûš֪ЩšѾˡȷʵˣҲȥˡ
ڷһӣͻȻҸеʦү͡ͷҲͬʱ۾໥һۡͷվſȥҺʦү¥ϡ
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˾һתҪܡһס˵ϣǲǡšģ˾ֵĿңǰ㣬ܶ˵ģǣǲܡʦүЦЦʲôˣ군ˡѵûио𣿿˵һֱģǸոģ
˿˿ǣиӾ֡գ۾ǡ˵ñѣһ԰ѺһŪѣҪǺ˵ĲһҲġ
ֿ˿Һʦүֻõ˵ͷ˵һֱġҿ˿ʦүʦүʵôûˣҡҡͷҲ֪ҸղȥˡǱߡ
׷ʵȥʲôˣһ˵ȥǱ߸֡æȥˡҼʵʲôæ˵Ҳûʲô֡˷ãеǱ߰Ὸ
ҿʦүһۣʦүʵˡ֡ʲôط˵ǺóǶԸꡣ÷ãĹͲܳˡ
ʵǹֲֹһֻסʲôã˵ĹŶˣġӡЩŶӡˡǴǸӡȻ˭ҲܴЩš
ֿ˿ʦүʦү˵ͷȷʵĶǸӡǺĶӡҲֻлϵԴ򿪡ҪС
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ҵ˵ͷû뵽ĵطӦһܿµĵطʦү˵Щһ湻ģ֪ץʲôĹꣿҡҡͷҲֻ֪ǿӡŷ䡣
ҵ˵ͷ˵ڡ˵ںмġظϡ֮ǰҺ㱱ȥǸطġĺظһ㱱Ҳʧȥġ
ʦү˿˵ҲǸµĵطˡ쿴ҪһˡҶ˵ôȥģ˵ʵǶܽȥֻȥʱǲȥ
뵱ʱʱҺ㱱ҲȥǸطǸС͵һŽκšпԳԵŵľ޴Ķӡ
ʦүһ֣ǸŪˣ˿ң˵Ǹط֪ģǰǰġҵ˵ͷҲȥһʧȥ˺ֵ㱱ɡǸطƽʱǿģǡ


һһʮ չκ
ʦүңʲôʵʲôӣʦү룬Ȼ򣺡ʮ壬˼Բ֮ҹҵ˵ͷȴееƣϴκ㱱ʱ򣬾Բ֮ҹû뵽һҲԲ֮ҹѵɺϣ
ҿ˿ʦүʦү˵ҲãÿȥôҲҪ֡¡ҵ˵ͷֻǿ²סһи߰ĶǿҪӦһˡ
ʦүЦЦ֪ûʲôˡνˮڡǺǣ
ҵ˵ͷ˿졣ѾʼȥˡҶʦү˵ϴʱЩʬΧЩʬ»ֻҪһմͻšΪһҿҪ׼һЩѡ
ʦүЦҼ˵ϴǻķ˲٣ڿЩһˡʦүһĪЦ⡣ʵЦʲôʦү˵ҿеֽˣˣǴŸ־ģЩʲôʬʬһжĻµġ
ЦЦǰеֵˣǸ־һﻹûл֪᲻ᡭʦүź˵ģġСӲµġ
ʱ쳹׵ĺˡҺʦү˳ȥѾ˶ëѩߺġͷһֱ棬˲ٵѩһֻ׹ȻվĿ⣬ƺʲô
Һʦүվѩϡ塱һļž߷źɫѩƬĴƮ䣬ʱ򷿶Ѿ˺һ㡣Ͽֻһɵ㡣
ʱΧʲôѩϵҾԲкܶģܶļһǿʦүƽ˵ǰʬͽʬҶŵǵʬζˡ
̾˿־ûǻ÷ĺ档ʦүЦЦɣ
ʱȻкܶĺӰѩ˹ЩС¥ĴҲͻȻ򿪣Ҳ߳˺ܶĸʬЩһｩӲţз롱ΧŵΧС
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ЩʬΧסǣȴǰˡĿն۾ڿǡ֪ôͻȻǰĸʬ߷ֿˣĸʬ̧һ˹Ǹ˶ЦЦ˾ȻǸ־ǿ˸־һʦүЦ˵㵹ܡʵղŸʲôȥˣ
־ĸʬ˵ǷֿǸһ󣬾ͷǸҰһƤҪֳҺ˰죬ŰŪˡҲ۵ùǺҪ֮ǰѪ군ġѩһͺˣʼѩҵĶͻȻ⣬Ҹе¶ʱЩʬˡҾǰ̧ˡ
־˵ĺܼ򵥣֪һܲ򵥡ǸҰһѶԸȻѸ־۵Ҫ˯ҶԸ־˵߰ɣһҪߡЩױҿǻȥɡ
ʦү˵ˣǸŰɣҲáʼ򣺡νǾ͸Űɡ־˵ͷһ֣ʬҲ̧ƺƵźȥ
Ǳĸʬ̧ţǺֻǸʬϵ͸ɵζе㲻Ҳеүĸо
ʱǵ˺ߡããĺˮһ޵׵ĺڶԨˮ޷粻ƽĺܡ֪һǲƽġͻȻеƲˣһԲԲ£¶˳ѩĺһ̡¹ںϣҲ
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ͻȻˮеˮĸˮһСǷŽĹĹϴδȥǸطȻ֮ӵһţһֱ˺ϡ֮Ͳ֪ɳ˺ܶľ޴Ķӣų䵽ϣֵЩӲûϴһĿгšһֻֻſ棬ǡ
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˵İ취šȻһ塣ҲҪ취Ҳпܵġ
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ʦүЦЦȻð취˵ԾţЩʬϣȥҲĸϣǡͷЩӣϵĴǵ˵ŷ顣
һֱšҲ˿ǰдš硱ʯʯĺƽֵֻ棬һκһοɲһΪЩӵ泤Ĵ̣Ѿˡǹȥˡ
⵹ѲǣѾϴˣҿԷɹȥġҺʦүһһǿšͷɹǼ̵ĵ档һֱ˹㳡ϡȴǰȻһ̳̳ĺվһˡ


һһʮһ ֣ϣ
ҺʦүһۣʦүһۣʾҲҪֱӽǡףǸղ˵ķáһءһ֣һְԡһ̫ͼǸ̳ȥҲóˡҫʡǸ̳˳ȥ
ʦүǺһӣڰкһ·ɵ̳˹ȥ¼ӹǸ̳ȥ
Ǹ̳һȻˡĴŶһ޴˹ʦүȵСģȻǴʮֵľ
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Һʦү־һŴſȥͻȻһ׹⣬Ǹֳ̳ˡǶû˵ʹ˹̳ȥһʱ䣬ܷӿǴ硣Լľ񶼸һû뵽һ֣Ȼ
ǵĹӵ̳ͻȻַ˰׹⡣׹⵱УһŤҡҰ֣һѽĿƺ̳
Ű׹ˣѾﵽ˴۵ĵزҲˡ׹⣬֦Ǵ˹ҺʦүϽˣ㿪Щ׹⣬Ǹ־ȴһǰӭŰ׹ȥ
ںֻ־屻Щ׹⴩һ͸Ŀ־֮˵ϡ
ҾҪ˹ȥ鿴־ͻȻһЦһ˵֪
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龰һӿɵˡǵ¹ֱ̳֮ϣΧԵӺڰǱ𼦶վ̳档۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹġͻȻеıһ̳淭һ澵ӣ¹ھϣӾȻ¹ȫˡ
Ծֻ̾ʦүеãһߡ̷ӦƮȥʱ澵ͻȻһһ⣬Һʦүϡֻеһʹ̲סҽһٿʦүҲƺһ͵ˡ
ǾʹԽԽȡҺʦүôˣǲ֪Ϊʲô˵ϸˣ·һĻˡžƤһĸоҴһ˹ֿͻȻϷ˽⡣ϸ˺ܶķ䣬ϴʱҾϻ˷䣬Աʱ֮裬ȥ֮Ѿϴˡû뵽⡰ɰƤ¡һߣֳ
ϸеûôˡʱǾӵĹ⻪Ҳ֪һľĴˡ
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һ㶣˵ֻ˹ͻȻŪΪʲôһ֡ˡԭֻ֡ʱѾˡֻ˹һǸеֺֻž޴ұ޿ɱܡ
Ҳֻ֪ʲôùҷڿתһȦǻǲܰѺجһֻ֣ҸеֻڲϵķŴһҪҿм䡣ҸеһյУԴһʮ
ʱҸеšҫʡһᣬ֪ʲôʱҫʡȻˡ֧Ҳźҷ˹뼯־ơҫʡҸ޷о
һѹ˶ϡϵķ䣬ַĺ⡣ֻ֣ţһֱ޷£ֻƺҲǼɵĹâҲ͵ͣסˡ
תתҵһˣȻž޴ѹҸеϱȸղɵضˡڿУһ߶ȥ
ͬʱժ˽ִȥһţֻһһߣ㿪ˡҵġ߶Ҳݺݵֵϡ
ҲˣΧѹһӲˡҾֱȥġ֡˦֣Ҳȥ
ҿҵ̳Ȼһ̳ʲôá֪һûдּ˹ݺݵʹǧ׹̳ݺݵȥ
֡ҲҵͼæĻӶֻ֡ҿֻѪȻǱˡаϲô˵Ҳˡ
ҵûдɣ̳ͻȻ֮䳷һߡص˵ϡˤ߻ء۵ֻӡҲҵ͵һӵϵͳˡ๭Ͻ׼֡ȥ
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һƤ˳ȥһֱ泤Щ̵ĵϣһ̴̽ҵĺ󱳡ҵͣǺϵϵ˿۵ҲȥһҧԼǸ̴Լıϰγ
ŽĿܡʱͻȻеѹѹ͵̧ͷֻ֡ѹҸϽ̧˽
һȥҾ͵һתһߡͦվſпȥнһҽСһӰӿе
һϲȻһУֻǲ֪еһ


һһʮ ֣£
ٿʱӰڰзŵġһֱ䵽˵ϡһ֣ջ˽ǱߡʱһӰֱסһӰ֪һˡ
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˵ͷһᣬû֪һˡһʣؽţҰһĺС˺ѷΡžСŲ
üͷⲻҪĽҲûа취Ҳ֪ʹֻʲôֻš๭ؿǱߡֱһһְֱֻװӣҡһ˫¹Ŷݺݵع⡣еĳɷֺǸӣгޣбˣкܶĶ
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ҵĺʲôһ£һӱģģᾹȻֹסǰˣȻҵĶͷ˵ʵֿ뵽ҺҾĶˣǰ龳Ҳ
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㱱ɵͽܸ˵˵ҾǷʦġʵô£ǹ˵ʦѾ֪ߵ飬Ҳ֪Ҫȥ硣ʱ䶼׼ˡ
˵̫ˡҲءʦϦ֮ҹŴ֮ʱǾͻ硣


һһʮ 
Ǹͽ˵֪ˡǵ˶ʮɽСֶ˲٣ʦ˺ܶ龫ǵʵҲǲСġ˵óںڵԲ򣺡ɢͺ̻һֻҪǵ磬ųǾܿʱͿԱһһҡ
Һܣϵĵͷ
ؼߺƺҲǺܸˣ˵̫ˣҪ㱱һҪʵҪ̫飬Ϧ֮ҹһʱ䣬һϵȡ֧֡
Ҳ˵ͷԣȥɣ㱱ɵͽܵ˵ͷһȭôһλĻҺ͹ؼߺŵ˵ͷʧˡ
ʦү˵ȻǺϢһһ֪ŵ˭ҲиõϢ
ЦЦǾȥһߵ˹ǰ棬ָֻһ㡰ζ³ջķӡǸӵĹ޿¶˳
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ڶ ĸ߶ӳ
ҳ˹صӾصıϡʽܸ˵ôô˵ȷʵ˵ˣӦûʲô󰭡˵ҪϸȥҡݡԽԺ˲⡣
ʽܵӻǲġʵûʲô󰭣ЦЦûµģҸһšϡݡܿûˡ
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ҲתͷԶԶĸȥһظ߶ӳĳúܿ죬ƺѾᶨĿ꣬ҺļĸϹȥֻҲӿ˳١ʱҸŸ߶ӳĳнǸ߶ӳûһٵ˼һֱǰš֪ǰһӣǿϸˣѵҪĳȥ
ţͻȻǰ߶ӳĳһɲͣסˡҸϽҲͣһƬأ渲źİѩеúǻ߶ӳվڳϣѩأһ֧̣ĵĳţӺڵʲôˡ
Ҳ˳رϵĹŸ߶ӳһЩһŴĺ档ʱѾˣҲǸ߶ӳվһһĳ̡
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ҿŸ߶ӳֻӵеͷеĿǸˡֻգۼ䣬ǸѾ˸߶ӳǰаѵһɷӣ
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Ǹͳ˵ˡǸ˵ô˵ãֻȽ鷳һֻǣѾйˣûʲôӦŪñǸ¬ץˡ
һֻǣһ˽ʬǮ⼸̫飬ѾЩ飬ڶˡһݻǸ㲻
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ЦЦô죬ˣҪءĹҲЦЦûµģƤңµġ߰ɣ˶˵תߣ˲ʧӰ١Ǹһ˸߶ӳ壬߶ӳӵ˵ѩһ֧̣Ƶߵ˳ϡųһ̵ˡ
ҿǳԶߣŴվѾûоȥǸ߶ӳˣǵļƻżȻ䱻ˣ̫ˣʵ̫ˡӦôһʱеаļƻȷһִţڿƺ޿ɱܡ
˳żҵķȥһ·ϴԶڲͣתʼûʲôõĶԲߡҪ֧ԮҪһ¡óֻ֮ͨǰʦүµĵ绰֮󣬴˻ô¬ʵʲôط˵һʦļС˵Ǻܺã͹ȥ
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ʦ̾˿֪ɷӣǻ޷ǰΣҡҡͷǵҲδأҲǲۣ¬֪£ǰ֪ļƻҲԽƾͼơ
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صеʱѾ͸ˡϹûߣһˡҵһ衣Һ˿ڲ裬ӵķ俴˿ӡѾ˯ˡбķչš
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Ļ۾ɺ˿ңƺʲôɴ۾˵ҶȻûˡһǰ͡
ҡҡͷͬȻҿԷȥ㻹ʱ仹꣬һһҪǮĽҩҡ
ŵĿҡʵĿϷŹңҵ˵ͷк֮£ҲûʲôޣȻԸɷȥˡһȰ㣬ñһˡ
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ҵ˵ͷã߰ɣȻѽҩ취͹˵ţҳΧķɳˡ
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ֿ˿ң˵һͽҩ˵ǰһΣʧˡ
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ҴСݣ˿ǮǮѪҷסӡְˣص˷СһڿУһֱŻص˷Ϣ
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ŷֲ輸ϹȻиҴ˰һɫСƿӣһǽҩڷһƿҲǷˡûҲ֪͹˵ġЦЦͨ˸߶ӳĵ绰
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־˵ͷظˡҲˡЦЦΣû̫ʱ˸УȻҪָңҲ¶Цݡ
Сʱ߶ӳҴҵĸˡһҾ˵ôǮָ𣿡еװŽҩСƿӣ˵ûҩأء
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֮ǮĿڵϣ˵еˣгԵ𣿡־ȥǮ˳ԵģǮ̻ʵĳ
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ҵ˵ͷ˵ðɣ߰ɡ˵ֿ˿ǮʵôǮҡҡͷνҲá߶ӳվ˵ǺȰߣҪ֤ʱ㻹Ҫġ
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ɷӵһЦҹèͷӥҪ˵ĻǵУ֪¬ôأװ𾪣˵ٺ˵ôǿһѵûбٷϻ˵
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üͷøˣæҪҰʲôæɷӵضңҸеԼеԺͻȻһ֡ƻ󷨡ҴߡҸϽĬ䡱һһҲ۾۾Ϊ״̬һԺӡ
ܸоɷӵеˡƻ󷨡еϲ֮Ҳ֮иǿһеĸоװȥɷӵһֵֺģһٻĿ˵һҩˮáݡȡģƺкôȥ
ĵ˵ͷ֪ˣǡˮǴӡݡȡġҽ죬ȥ
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ʽܵ˵ͷ֮ѵõģȥɣһ°ɡ
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ϹִӺ˵ﱧӣߵҵǰһҡţһ߶˵㿴˼棬Цء
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һʱúܰе˶ʦ¶һһɫ̧ͷ˿ﶼ΢ЦǡҲѹ˿ͻȻˣ߿ˡ
ڷһֱ˼ֱС˯ˣҲ˳ѾһƬҵľ󣬴ҶƱյҳˣóһطҲ뵽УÿʱҶᵽЩŨŨ飬Ȼȱˣֶ˺ܶѡ
ϹƱ糺˵ϰ壬ҾһҲ˾ƱϹЦЦ̫ˣӦҾ㣬ллôææչ˼ϹҡҡͷҺϲ˼˵ʲôϵĶӣҵĶӡҡ˵ҲʶԼʧˣϽ͡ʦһ˵ҿûʲô˵ġһоڲСȰɣ
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һǶܿģԽһкܶߡһУҾ̫±ϡһһꡣһҵԼΣõõսѣѣӣҲһ꣬һһʧȥǡӵеĶһҪϧ
Ϊ㲻֪ʲôʱͻʧȥʧȥˣҲ⡣ҪץסţΪϾӵУǾһԶСҪΪõĻ䣬ʹĸԴҲգҲաҪִ̫š
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˼Ŀ˼˵ǲر𣬶ϲϰ壬Էɡ˼Ҳúˡҵ˵ͷϴȥˡ
ԪһӣҾңΪ˼Ҳƽֻǻʱʧ죬ȥЩλĶǺϢɷҲûٳֹ߶ӳҲûгֹ֪Ǵս֮ǰƽҲѵõģܵġ
ÿ˼һ𡣿Сһĳ󣬼һһӡڵ˼Ѿ£ֽŶĺоĵţץšϹǣҸеʲôҪ˵ÿζ˵
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ֵʱǹúܿ죬Ԫ֮ת֮䣬Ҫˡ¶ʮ˵ʱʧ˼ĻֻˡҴ˸绰ԼʦҼ档ҷ˼˼䣬ˡ
ҵʦңһŨŨĲ㡣ڲ̨ϣ֡߹ȥһߡҵһ衣һڣŨŨĲҵĿ븹УǸĻ㡣̲ס޵ò裬ò裡ҺȵĵڶúȵĲ衣
ЦЦǼƷۣǿϣһͶЩ費Ǯ⣬ҪķҺö룬͹û뵽ֻǵڶúȵġҵ֪õһúȵĲʲô
ҲЦЦⶫֻˡҾúȵĲڿȵĲ裬ȻҲ֪Ĳ裬Ҿǵһúȵġ
ʦ˵ͷǸˣҲĲͲ˼Ʒ֡ҵ˵ͷԿܣˮҲǷˮҪáζ衣Ȼúȡ
ҡҡͷҲȲˣлᵹ뿴λ죬ֵҲðҵ˵ͷҲǣҲ֮ǰȥء
ֺһڲ裬Ի˵λôʲôϢ
˵ǱߺܺãλǶ硣ֻҪ磬һɱСҲˡõĶִľ¹
ҵ˵ͷ˵ߡ֡ŪߣСǳҲˡǴܶϢ˵ġħ󷨡ѾɡǺѶԸˡ
üͷⲻһϢҲܸоõĵǡû˵ʲô˵ҲкϢͷ統УѾ㱱ˡ
˿һֱġͷˡͷϢȻɿ˵⵹ǸϢҲǷģ㱱һͦãǵͿԿˡ
Ҳ˵ͷԸڤͷԸڤҪðĶࡣ֪ڤЩһ̫ˡҲĵһطСı棬ЩڤͣʱĴ򷨣ûнȻǿԴװĸĽ϶Ըǡ
ҵ˵ͷԣȽĿƼԸЩϵĶȷʵһЧǣѾ˻Ľˣ֪־ܲƽµ棿
˵ҲˣЩʬûЩﶼȥҿӦͬ־־ԼȥԴĽʬȥҲһЩǵ
ҵ˵ͷףҺ͸־˵һ˵ͷ˵Ҳ׼ˣϦ֮ҹ׼ʱȥҪá𻵣鷳ˡ
ʦ˵ŵɣ˵ǷŵɣıȫϵͳһЩʦ˵ͷҲãù˾ıӼǿһЩ
ҶԻ˵ɷǱôûʲôҡҡͷûУʲôûС쳣ƽѱѹ˻ˡսʤ֮ǰǲʲôɣ֮˵ǱȽȶġڹؼʱǿܻһ¡
ҵ˵ͷҾͬ⻳˵Ҷʦ˵һȥ֪ôȻǻȡõĽǣһǿݣҲǾЩݹǡҲҪء
ʦ˿ҺͻЩ˸УȻ˵ģһġЦЦʦİɡǶᱣصġҲҪСģǸ߶ӳԶ㡣⡣ǻ֮ǰҪΣա
ʦ˵ͷԷģҲܺõСĵءǸ߶ӳһֱԾ飬ǿԷġ
˵Ҳ¼ŮٺһСĻҲ԰άϵİȫҵ˵ͷ׵öࡣ
һ󣬺һ裬ҲʲôǣصԼң澲ĵģҵ˸־ķ䣬־һˣ־ͣҰѻϢ˵һ顣
־ˡͷǸˣ˵ԲܿƣӸˣ˵ȳ塯Ǳߣȼҵ֣׿ٻٵĽʬ˵ҲãȹȥϦ֮ҹڡ塯ϡ
־˵ͷ˵ԼʳͳˡŸ־˳ȥҵ̽ǣһ˷һǮʱϢȻٸǴ绰λҲˣֻʣһˡ
վڱſڣȼһ̡֧ͻȻеܹµ׵ĵƹ£ĴƮɢ¹ҵϣһӰӡҿ˿һǽϵƬĬĬ˵Ǳ߻ðɡһãȻôһţţϹһȥġ
ƬеЦ˵ϹҲ㣬㡣һġĬĬؿƬһӾͲ¶ˡ
ʱ洫濴ȥ¹£һӰ˽߽ҲſȻϹе⣺ôˣ
Ϲ˵֪ҪˡҲ֪ʱҲһԾ㡣ЦЦѡõطˣҪҵŵĵҡʱҪһյƣҲǲġҪ鷳ˡ
ϹҡҡͷûʲôһҪллءңҺܿģ˵ʵϰ壬Һһȥ
ЦЦҲǳˣôܲ㡣ֻȥҲûʲôãо̣ȥ㣬ǰҿɡ
Ϲеʧ˿ң˵ʲôû˵ҿ˿ϹʵôˣǲʲôҪ˵
Ϲһƺһ˵֪ϰ壬һֱϲ㡣һ㶣˵ҡ
ϹͻȻ̹Ȼˣ˵֪ں˵Щʱһ֮ǰҾϲˣĬĬףǣǽӣǸˡˡ֪Ķ˵е㲻ʱˡϰһȥҲͲˡڲ˵ʲôʱ˵أϲ㣬ϲ㣬Ҫ֪Һ˼㡣
סˣĻҲ֪롣ʵҲ֪ϹкøУû뵽쾹ȻұסϹ߹ҵ֣ϰ壬֪ҪҺѡĵȥɣزҶ赱Լ裬˼Լĺӣ̫̫ѾӹȥˡԷĵġ
ҵ˵ͷҷģķġллΪҡǡ


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Ϲ˵ϲҵģҰҵģֻǸһ㲻̫ѹ㣬֮ǰҵţ㿴
˵ת˳ȥһվ
һж̫ͻȻȷʵеԽܣԽʵҲܽϹѣҴû⣬οոչôأ
еţСġҿʼе֣һŲ֣ΪʲôҪһءҿʼе֡
ҸϽóŷеţּ

㿴ŵʱѾˡдţϣҵĿġ
֪¬ϣĸáҲߡҲţҵȥҲ᳤ʱ԰ΡҲʹ࣬οҵĶӡ֪¬ҪҪһŮˡ
ϲ¬һʼ֪ģʱҲеΣҲԹһĴס˽֪֮㲻ǸŮӣҵĺýáôʱӴ֪ĵףǣȻϲ¬ݸ飬ĵס
ԭҵ˽˽ġҲ˺ܾãֻ԰չ¬ҵĺӡ
ϣչ¬ҵĺӡ֪һܾġҲ֪ԼôǶԣǴҲ֪¬ôġ
ҲֱӺ¬˵һ£־û취ڡΪʵҲое
µϣǿһһ磬ҲÿġͺףһҲףǡҲ¬Ҷ¡ϣһҰɡҲԼְѰĸоܵģͷųɡ
ĺý
ҿţ֪˵ЩʲôֲһֱСһֱһԭЩҿĿġôܽأҿЦá
ţеһ֧̣ǽƬҡҡͷװģҪڿǵˡʱȥЩأ
ҿЦţþõƬе
ʱ洫ұѣ濴ȥһӰһűƿˣһվ¹ӰСҿԸоǸ˾ɷӵ
վںӰУ˵ҿҲ˵ǳĬ˺ðΣɷӵ˵ǳϦҪ磿ҵ˵ͷϺ˵ģɷӵЦЦ㵽ô֪ģ
ʼ򣺡ԭ֪һҲˣǸҵҩѵĻǸβ𣿲ԶҩǿԿƻϵҩʲôأ
ɷӵЦЦ㵹Ǻܴûȥ˵Щ𣿡
ҡҡͷϣҲôɵġ˵ҲҰҩġʵ˭ϣ֮ûʲô⡣ֻҪֻҪҾҵʹҵʹвûҪ˭֮ʵҵ¡
ɷЦЦ˵е˼ðɡһǶźһġȥɣ֮ҿ԰Ǵ򿪡Ҳ԰ǣֻҪƷ˹һж˵
ҵ˵ͷɷӵЦһˡ
ҡҡͷ߽˵³⵱Сǿǰ档ǿҵ֧̣ŵǰ棬ǿ˵ֵܣҲ֪ЩʲôǾҪȥˣҶϣԺ㲢ս
ҿǿĹǻҹһ£˽⡣һǵزĽеĻĹǻҹ档ǽҲ档ҸҲ㣬̾˿ز˼ںҪİ˵ҿת򣬶˶ûôֻʣĵǺƯǶҲܶҲܰǰ
ڵ³ǿн˵˺ܾãҲû˴ңֻҪ̾˳ԭŴŽȥת룬ҲǻǣòⶫǷȽϱա
ţ߳˱˳ϼҵķȥһ·϶ǲѩҿٶȲ죬£Ҫ벻ͨĵطֽ̡һ·ų⣬һֱСӱߣСѾⶳˣǱѩܻӴһºᣬ˳Ŀȥ
ԶԶĿСԿСһĹҵӿһůҼӿ˳٣һֱСǰ
ƿŵţǴӴ﷢ġٴĴǰһյ͵ơһ˹ǰ棬Ҷҡ
һȥ֪Ǹ˾Բǿ졣ΪȻÿ춼СУǴûйǸ˹Բǿ졣
ҽȥҲĻعͷȻǶ塣忴ˣҲվ˵Сˣҵ˵ͷߵ˶ߣôʦأ
˵ϣʦͻȻǼȥˣ˵ҪˣҪȥһԶĵط֪ЩҸ㡣ҽ㣬Ҫ㣬˵㲻ҪߣϢҾˡ
üͷҲΪʲôʦҪʱ뿪һɣʵǿʦʲôˣóһСݸˣǣϢɡȻȥˡ
ҵ˵ͷŶ߳Сš
߽˿ʦİɣֻһСӣһյС͵ƣӱϡС͵ƣŻƵĵƹ⣬ǸСһ顣ҿϽ򿪣涼һЩֵķźһЩ֣Щֺͷûа취˼ԽԽͿ
һֱȥ鶼Ще벻ˣʦЩҪʲô
ſţǰ˿ӣĽ⣬ڰУͺáͨ˵ʱӡ
˿죬ҺǸˣʵʦôʱˣкܶءⱾ鵹ʲô
ͰЦţҵʹɣȻҪߡʲҲһģ㶼Լҵ𰸡ߣȻҲ㡣ô࣬Ѿ󳹣㵽磬սȻ򡣵󳹴򣬵ʱ򣬲Ҫѡʱʱѡʲôûоһ߹·أ
һͷˮ˵ķʽѾϰˡʱǲ֪˵˼ġ
˵Ǳ飬ġֻҪ淢ˡҸϽóǱ飬Ǳ飬淢˹ҵĹһȥǱ鷢˽⣬Щֵֺͷţȫ˳ɽС
ҵкһɿķţһֱˣǱĶҲӡҵС


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֪೤ʱ䣬һΣ˹е㱣֪һֱУǱ֮ΡҵľܺãкһֵӿҸее˷ܣѧЩʲôһǲ
߳СпһȦ߳СҵУ׵飬벻׵ʱҶ뵽ȥԿգҲˣԼԼˡڿʦǷݸмԶС
߳Сɫ΢˳ֱӵլѾˣڳæš˽ӣæµš˵ɣһ緹ͺáҵ˵ͷ߽˿ϡ
յĺȣеƨɣ⺮Ķգһĸоڿϣӱȫĸоһչ
ʱСϣʳȻĶڣʳָ󶯡
˶棬ҺͰЦţС԰ɣҵ˵ͷץ˰ģҧһڡ忴ңĵЦˡЦţЦţᡣ
¿еʳʵô˶壿ڲ˲۾˵ҺҲûӣϾˡ磬Ҳûˡ¬ҵˡʦߵʱû˵ҪȥһΣյ£˵ǾһֱҪԿʦŷģֲ˵Ҫʲô嵣İ
˶»ûи߶塣ЦЦ壬㲻һûɶΣյġӦڶжˣ£ⲻ𣿡
۾һˣСӲɶɣˣóֻ˼Ƭݸ忴忴һۣ˷ܵشУϰжˡ
Ҳ˳ĵĿҵֻƬ춼ϲ£ˡһô˵Ķһ˻ϻӣԹΪʲôֲϵ˼ȥϢǣֻܺ߹֧ӦţԼ˵ҰǾȥ￴˼ա
ƺδжһơԹԵĺȿˡҿſĵĶ壬һģҵһУǣߵˡҲ֪Ľܴʲô
ҿŶ˶׾ƣҲ˺Σ˵ʲôҲҪǵǮ˼ҲҪߣ˵Űɣ֪㲻ȱǮ⣬ŰɣȻ߲ˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˶ҵǮ˶˳Ѿˡһʵ죬̫λεģѩϷŴ۵Ĺ⡣˳żҵķȥҺȥ˼е㺦¼һҪȥġһҿȥ
Сң˼ˣһˣʵȥˣҿ˿С˵ȥҿʦˡ׷ʵʦôҡҡͷʦˡ˯һŻ˵˼ɣҪȥһˡ˵˼ң˳ȥ
֪СֻҪȥ֮ڼҲúΡҺסֲ֪ô˵ֻĿȥ
ұ˼˼С۾ҲڿСͻȻˣ˳ԽԽ󣬲ôǲֹͣķѺӽ˹ȥǻǺ岻áֻø˸绰ʱͻˣӹ˼˵ĶԱķ˵ô£Ӷ岻áȥ޻ġ
ķͨ죺ǰҲ֪⺢û޹˭嶼ʹ㿴һͲˡ⺢أ
ϹһۣԱķ˵ˣȥϢɣһҺ˯ˡٿšķ˵ͷȥˡ
˼ƺĺϲСĻУһ㶼֣˱С֣ЦĿҲе治־úһ˼һͱţѾϰСϵζˡȻҾƺе㲻ƽǶ˼һ¡һصĸҸ˵ģҲ޿κεġ
ҿ˼ĶС˵лл㣡û̧ͷһˮ˼µС֣ţڰȥˮ
һ죬ҶСļ˼˭Ҳε顣Ҷϧõʱ⣬ϾӸˣҲǸ˵ġʱҾͻ룬Ϊʲôүҵõʱ䶼ôأ룬õʱ⣬ãҲӶġ
һصԼУ˻ϣҲˡһӡ鶼öҾҪɱˡ
ʱ춼ˡһǲ֪СУѧʲôҵûһ۵ĸоæһϣǾȡ
Һͻһ߳˱˵ųʲôУһܹǡʵ㻹ڵģ
˵ͷȻʵҪԼ֪ҵһ֣ҪĲǷ룬ҪսȻᵣģĹħѾˡҲ֪ǻǸʲôľ硣㲻Ҫˣǵı󻹶һɷӣҲһҰģļһǻҪԸ
ЦЦһ⣬ʱ򶼻ģҲûãֻҪǰҲˡ㲻Ӧôǣң룬ô
ЦЦǰǱôҲûʲôõĵġôѲսⱾһܺõľֺη
źĻҲеһɣҶԻ˵Ҫȥ
˵ȥʦĵúͶʱ䲻ˣҪúġϡ߼ɣҵ˵ͷһתȥʦı
ҼǰţǱļңͻȻ˼СǲǺ˼һһأ
СļܰһƬΪ˼Ĵڡһ̫죬ֻǵһָһֱ˼ҲһֱǣҺСԹѾʮˡҶС˵ȥɣҸˡ
Ҷ㣬һС䣬ҲҵõĵطҵȼһյơдֵķֽС˵档иƬȥ֮ƬŪϡҾͿˣ㱣յƲ𣬱ҵʱҾͿԻˣ֪𣿡
˵ͷͻȻһѱסңſҵǰصĿ֪һʱ̣Ҳһܵʱ̣ҵ޵ĲˣСĺ󱳡̧ͷϰ壬ȥɣģһչ˺˼ģţҺ˼


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߽С䣬ȼ˳ơȶƬҸеԼƮƮģͷҵƮڰСŴ۾ĴĿţϰ塣ϰ塣𣿡
֪ѾûˣڿҵĻǡƮǰӡϵһ£ͨˣҡҶС˻֣أˡ
ˮһ֣ϰ壬Ҳءҵ˵ͷȻķ˳ȥ֪Ů鳤ֻûûˡ
ǷеٶȸˡֻգۼѾˡ塯ȴƻ㣬һƬ䵽˵ϣֻܶĸʬŻѣվ־˳ˣ
ЦЦƲСЩһﲻ»ô־ʼ򣺡»ҲţûеôСһ·ټܶĽʬҲмˡ֪ܲܰæ
ҿŸ־ӣе⣬Ҳֵĸо˵ǲܰæҲ֪ǲˡ֪ʲôʱأ
ҵĻ䣬Ѿˡһͷֻһι״վҵǹؼߺŵӡЦЦ㡣
ؼߺŵ˵ͷԣҵӡ˿Ǻܶλ꣬һʽľװоӡؼߺӸһǹ˵ɣǸ˾ˡ
ҽӹǹ˵࣬䡣ʵأؼߺЦ˵ںй翪һƬطƽʱպãɡ
һ˿ߵĽʬλаսǴڿʼɣ
ǵˡϡĵûгؼߺŷɵ˿Сڿת塣Ϸ˰׹⣬һԲԲƣȴĺˮʼˡһ󣬿ʼһתˮɫҲʼ仯ںˮͣסˣһǺڵģһǰ׵ġġ
źˮٴηɺڰ׷ҡǸСˮ档ֵǣǵϵһƬߣԭȻˡ
ŷؼߺŷɻصߣ˵ǵϾǹڡʵںδؼߺЦЦٻģǹġڣ߰ɣϵ
־˵ҵĽʬɲɰؼߺ˵ιȥˣǶᣬ͡ġ
־˵ͷЩʬһСЩʬ׷ˮźĵƮȥؼߺһңһźĵȥǼλ
ǵ˵ϣǵһƬߣǺɫĴʯͷݶûСҵĽŸմءƮţԹؼߺ˵ںδؼߺ˵ûཻʱһҹʮ㣬Ի򿪡
ҵ˵ͷ˿档־ѾˡĽʬҲɵĹǵһӣͻȻҸеһСɵĹСм䣬һ׹˺˺ڰ׹гһš
ؼߺ˵ˡſˡ˵ȥҲʰ飬״˽ȥ
Ǿһţ߹ȥһڰĿռ䡣֪жҲ޷еǾͷֻƮСؼߺǰ棬˵ƺҲ¡һֱƮʮӡǰ˻谵ĹâؼߺͻȻ˵ˣ
ҲĿ濴ȥһƬ谵ĸоһиҷһƬĵϡǲߵСݣҲǺںڵĲ֪ʲôƷ֡ؼߺŷɵ˸ߴ˿˵ǻĵأĹǣҲҪһξ롣ﰲӪկȻȥ̽顣
ҵ˵ͷڲŷԼо̸һϲͨкʲôתЩʲô˵Ҫһ
λҲˣЩʬ־һĺ棺Ѿôˣǻû磬ҲǴ۽ˡؼߺŶԸ־˵ĽʬûܹʲôѵΧɣ
־˵ͷʩЩĻɵĴפأȻѵءʱһŮ˹˵ָѾɡ˾ɡ
е㲻ϰߣؼߺŵǺã˵ͷҺ͸־߽ʱָ
ؼߺ˵һĵͼһʮǣڵġڤʮ֮ģһԨС˵Źؼߺóһŵͼָָ㡣
˵ǹʲôطأؼߺ˵˵ġڤӣֿúɢΧʮǡЩǶҳսعǡӦڡڤС
˵ǲȥҹԻǡӦϵ㱱ȻҵһعĹǣΪأķչ
ؼߺŵ˵ͷţӢͬҲġ˵ھȥųɢ֪ͨ㱱ǡؼߺŵ˵ͷ
ҵ棬շųˡɢȻ̻һڻ谵ĿдĻ䡣
һصָԹؼߺ˵ˡôģǰ컹ϰؼߺſЦһʲô컹ϵġԶҪôأ
ҵ˵ͷʱ洫һɧһŮ˽ؼߺʵʲô飿Ů˵м˹ˣҪ¬
˵롣Ƭ̣һ˷һس˽һûп˵ģͱһѱסˡ˴˵ֵܣڼˡһΪҲˡ
㱱ɵġҲرסⲻ𣡡㱱ƿңֻץסҵļ򣬿˵̫ˡҾ˵һлԲµģȻȵһˡ
Ҳ㱱һȭ˵˵߱ĺöˡ㱱ɹЦӢۡںˣҿҪˡ
ҸϽ˽һ¡˺ѹʵͷأ㱱˵Ǳߣ߸ϣһŻҵ˵ͷ
ؼߺʵжˣ㱱˵ʮ򡣡ؼߺŵ˵ͷʵ֪ô㱱ҡҡͷ㡣֮˺ܶġ顯Ҹһֻ龫ǵսǺǿġ
֮ǰҲ㱱ɵͽ龫ǲ֪ʲôлֱ㱱ˡ㱱ɽ͵һֻޣչʮ׳ұϿˡͺɻһˡ龫ǾƿȨٶֻ顯Щһﱾ¾Ǻܺõսʿ
ҵ˵ͷ⵹û뵽ġĲӣȷʵǺġ


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ؼߺú棬һ˵̫ˣ㱱ǲǿһ¡ĲӣҪͳһ䡣㱱ɵ˵ͷȻȻһһңȻҪࡣ˵ʵµȻ࣬ѵ١Ϊǲϵؼ룬ܶûʲôϰĻᡣһĵһˣҵͽԴġ
ʱһŮ˽˵ĲӿˣͣפصĶ档ؼߺվҺ㱱˵šҳȥһࡣ㱱ɵ˵ͷ˼ͽܸŹؼߺ˳ȥ
㱱ɿŹؼߺ˳ȥŶ˵λǣ˵ǹĵ߸ͷ㱱һ㶣ǲǹҵ˵ͷ˵ѹ㱱Ŀ˿ң˵ֵܣҾšҵ˵ͷ
վߵߣָĵͼ˵ղǼ򵥵оһսΪһعѾţʾ֧졣ȽΧȻĹء
㱱Ҳվĵͼ˵뷨ǲһعĹǣ롮ڤԶ˵ָŵͼϵһλ˵ǵλþǡãĮλáεɽ־ܽҪƿĹǣҪܶʱ䣬ܵعĹǡ
ʱ֪ڵλã֮ǰǱ۵ġһʼսƻҪҶ㱱˵ڤսô
㱱ҡҡͷ˵ʵûкǵĽ֮֡ԿԷչôҲΪûʱǡЩǹǵһ¡ЩڤҲмǽ֣˵ʵҲԸȥЩڤԡ
ҵ˵ͷʾס㱱ǼͿڼзԲ׵ķҲġ˵ҵǺ͡ڤ֣ȷʵѶԸǿšͷҲܡ
ҵĻû˵꣬һιһëĽɫĺʨһĴ޳˽һӰ˵ڵأȺĴͷҵһһµţġҼǵǡͷ֮ӡ
ҺòײվšͷĴԴ˵㻹ðɣͷŴͷҷ˵һֱ㣬ڿ㣬ҿɷˡ׷ǸѲɽҹ𣿡
ͷͣʵĶҲµˣͷŴ죬ͷЦЦǸѲɽҹ桱ӣһθڶûС
Һ͡ͷһ󣬶㱱˵Щڤж٣㱱˵Ҳ֪ҹ۲졣ÿһǶǧڤΧֻҪġڤڡڤ֮һвٵġڤӡӦʮҡ
ҸеͷۡЩڤʵǺֶࡣԴһߵĸ־˵ЩڤǿƹǣֱҵܹЩڤӦòڻ¡
׸־˼Ҳһ⡣Ǹյ磬ٶ鶼Ϥҹһս񣬸οѾˡħ󷨡ʵȻС˵ǻ֪ܲҵҵҲþܴù
㱱ɿҳĬţ֪ʲô˵вͨһֱţҾǡڤеĸ֡¸ѽӽսҪҪγҪʱ̲õϡ
־˵ͷҲԣҪ˽Ķ̫ˡȻôʵΪʲôֱӰЩǹȻռأ
㱱ҡҡͷҲǺҲ⡣֮ǰĹûдɣģһһǣĹܻƸۣƴֿĥ֮еĹ־ֿͶ
ҵ˵ͷûǣЩ֮ڲγɾԮǸûԮԹǲżġˡһ¾ͷ˱仯һȡʩ
㱱һӣҪȷǵսԷ롣ҵ˵ͷҪ취
ʱ򣬹ؼߺźϹһ˽ҶԹؼߺ˵ô㱱Ҳʵɣؼߺ˵ĲӺܺãμЩĵսһͺǿֻ˵㡣ѾԸ䷢ѵʹ
㱱ɵ˵ͷǿ̫ˡǵսǿˡؼߺӱϣ˵Ѿɳ˼ֻСֶӡǺܽȥ̽Ϣˡҵ˵ͷǸղ۵Ľ˹ؼߺš
ؼߺüͷ˵Ҳܾûлˡܶණǰһˡǰûôġڤǹ֮ѵġҽӿʵôЩڤûʲôأ
ؼߺ˾ãҡҡͷ˵ûʲôԵ㣬ǵ֯ܣڹԵҳϣ벻ʲô㡣ֻӲӲǡ㱱˵ôܲܶԸڤؼߺŻûаյ˵ҲǺӦǿԶԸ˵ġ
Ƕ뵽˳Ĭս֮ǰкܶҪŪؼߺ˵ܶ飬ҪżСӻ֪λҲ԰ꡣ
ؼߺ˵öԣ֮֮żҲǰ취˳Ĭ˼ŶԲߡһֱߵġͷ˵ܳԵ¶١ڤأ
ͷ˻δԴƺ˵Ҳ֪Ҷ㱱˵СЩţǶûʲôϢ˵ʲô㱱ɺһΪЩԼ̶͸ԵķֹȻԸԼ棬˵վӣ¹ƱݣʱùĲйеЩ񡣡˵㱱̾˿
ؼߺ˵ԣҪһʤܴСҪĹ֪ǿԺġڤӡġҵ˵ͷԣŻᶨЩģֻҪǶͶǣһ׼ȷʤ
㱱ĵ˵Ͷأһʱˡؼߺ˵ʵڲʶֻ࣬Ҳ𡣡û䣬˿ؼߺţؼߺŵǺ̹ȻҪҪЩ·ʯһҪġҲͬϾԺͳġ
㱱ЦЦϣҲ죬ҵ˼ҡ
ؼߺ˵벻ͿԼˡȷʵһµˡ˾֪ˡ
㱱ɵɫ


ʮһ Ϯ
˺ܳʱ䣬һֻģҪ㱱˽࣬ʱֻ࣬һֱûʲôսûʲôģɱǹΪڤǱȽؾɵһʹǵ
㱱ɻǱȽϹң˵ֵܣ㻹ˡĹ۵ġҪɣ
ЦЦС⻤䡯Ӧûĵġ֮һЩõһЩͦġ
㱱üͷʵô˵ֵزˣҡҡͷҲ֪ǲǣزĽҵ˽ġ
㱱ɵʮֿ϶˵һǵزˡ˼ҸԸ壬Ĳɷ𡣡ҵ˵ˣ˼Ϊ֯սӦٶֻ֮ˡȥҰֵġ˵ſ˿ң˵û׼㣡
ҵ˵ͷּҡҾ紫˵ġߡ㱱ɴϲİҿûվӡǱʤġ֪Ӧٵġߡһ
ҵ˵ͷԣһһǿҲҵĺøǣǰһˡ㱱üͷ֮ᵽ磬֪λǿǲˣǿԹ֣Ѱ
̾˿л꣬ϧҲʹֲ͸¶ȥҲֻաҿûе硣ֻߵˡҲ˵㱱ȴҡҡͷġȻǡߡô׾ͱܣһתġֵܣô
ҿЦһ磬ҪԪϣҲǹ꣬ôǶ㱱ɻȻԴЦ˵԰㿴һ㣬;㻹ˡԡǺǡҶûùֿԲսǲգ
˵ţ洫һŮ˽˵һӣˡǵ˾ͽĳĹǡûнȥΪܶڤš˵ıǧңֵǣʼһֿΣֻǧ࡮ڤΧǡü˼٣¼˼ӹǡһϢ
ǵ˵춯ؼߺ˵Щڤٶȼ졣ĵʲôأ˵ǿûʲôӦиӸµĹ۲죬ͺתͷ˿㱱ɣ磬֪Ǹܷɶߣ
㱱˵ǿɸˡⶫĿãԿԶĵطҺǸˣôԹͨ𣿡㱱ɵ˵ͷǿԺͻǵ˹깵ͨǾͿ֪ǿˡҲǹ۲飬ǿŵġ
ؼߺ˵˺ܺáٰѡǧﴫ֮ǣͿԼʱ㱨ˡ㱱ɵ˵ͷн黿ߡǽһ£ؼߺŰǴȥ̸ǡǧﴫķ
㱱˵ߺźӡܶķҵ˵ͷҳϣһҷǳͷԡ㱱е㵣ǵӣǲ֪ʲôٽأЦҡҡͷҲûָղŽ˾
㱱üͷô˵˾ˣߣһﻹǺ˽ĵġҡҡͷҲΪ˶ԸҲΪȨϲøඡοЩλ꾫һִģȻҪö࣬Ҳûа취ڡô˵㱱Ҳ̾˿
˵粻ض롣ǱѾ֪ļ롣֮۹͡һġ㱱ЦЦ˵ʲô
ʱһֱվϹͻȻ˵ˣ¬Ǹ˾˾ǹʦŶԣǹؼߺšһ㶣Ϲ㱱ʵ˭Ϲ˵ȻǻϰЩλ꾫Чҵġ
㱱һ㶣漴˵ͷããС֮ĶȾ֮ˡߺƯ˾ְϹ˵ǲıڸ˾֮¡
ҲԹؼߺŹĿ࿴һȨû̫ջֻġ
ؼߺŻˡ˵Ѿˣʱǻ㱨Щڤġǵ˵ͷ
ʱŮ߽Ǳ棬ڶѾˣҲûнҪĹǵУҲΪΧġڤڶӺһСɡڤһսԱڤǱһҲǴƽ֡
ϢܡڿǵڡڤЧġҲϲǲΰ룬ȥֵף֮⡣ǵĵϢҲ¶ˣǵˮƽҲǱ¶ˡǱһתߣԸǵġڶҲһ͵һһ⣬ЩΧǵġڤһֿʼᣬ֪Ҫȥ
㱱˵ЩڤÿһÿһطģҪȥһطؼߺ˵˵еֻǲ֪ҪȥʲôطҪһһʤľɱ֪˭Ҫù
ʱǵһ档Ƿ߼ΧǵġڤҲһֿʼᡣƺҪĳȥؼߺ˵ǧﴫġǶŶԿне̽ٱ
㱱ɺһȻЩڤжǳ졣Ͼͻ֪ǵĶȻ㱱ɻ䣬ִ棬ıƶšãĮȥġ
Ƕһû뵽ڤһεȻǳġǶؼߺһ֣侲һ¡ŶǸ˵һɾǶԶжڤǸ˵Ҫʮӵ·̣һǧɡ
ؼߺüͷ˵һᣬֻʤʧܡ˵ſ˿ң¬ϰɡһҪһһսҪҪǵľģҲҪģҪ֪𣿡
ҴҪƴǣ㱱Ҳ˹˵ֵܣƳٲãǡߡһҪȥеġӮһ̣ǿɾǱ°빦ˡûµģȥ
룬˵ͷ˵ǹˡ߰ɡͷһ㱱Ҳ˳ȥؼߺŽһһ˵һ̾Ҫ죬һӭͷʹһ١龫ǧλס䲻⣬Կ
ҵ˵ͷ˱Һ㱱ɴšͷһһֻ顣һһ쫷Ӷӹšڤķӭͷȥ


ʮ һսʤ
ٶȹȻܿ죬ϵľٵӹҶͻȻǷ嶶һ£зС㱱˵ˣЩڤǰ治Զĵط˵һĴͷٵ½䵽һȵصС
Ҳ׷¡ЩĻվǵˡ㱱ɵ˵Ҳ˵򣬲Ҫ򡣡ĻѵأԶֳС飬
Ҷ㱱˵һô򣿡㱱ЦЦȻСȡʤ˵Ĵ򷨣ǿϮ
һ㶣ʡǱߵ·ϴЩڤˡֻ㱱ɻ˻֣ԭ谵У˺ܶӰ̧ͷд޴Ӱ飬ϸÿֻצ϶ץľʯ̻⣬㱱˵ĿϮ
Ȼɹ޴צľʯ׷¡Щڸ·ġڤͻȻ⵽ˡϮ⧲һʱҽһֻγݶӣַըʱĸ壬þЩڤ
ЩڤҲ˵áʱ䲻ͷӦʼһſй鷢˽㱱ɴ˸ڡЩ鼰ʱĳˡҶλǽе򣡡
ЩڤƮڰУ顣ѾˡǾͺһƮڰеİӡ׷еܶࡰڤӰԼȥӵ˹
λõĶǹ֧Բýսһɵĳˣһ߿ǹЩڤõĶְ׹Զˣ͹ˡϴֱ˲١ʣµġڤܻģվڹȵصС
㱱ЦЦ˵ֵܣһ̴Ưʱȫʱˡҿ˿˵ԣڹȵףֻҪɲǾͿȫǡ㱱һڡЩٴγ֣ҷɵúܸߣз˵ʯͷǴȵصбҵĺ¡¡ľ졣Щڤǲҽֺըڤʣ޼ˡ
㱱ɹЦɣˡһߵġͷͰ಻סˣҪȵȥһסУܶˣҪڡͷԸĵ˵ͷȵءλҲںȥȵǵǹͲҽ
Һ㱱վڸߴ濴šǵĿɻңǡڤĻɢӡЩһﶼǻɢɻҡ沢ǺܲҺ֮սѪԵĳ治һҵЩο
ЩλɵֳԾҪͷһˣһˡŪ˸ֺҿŲ࣬ϽкͷڡͷǵҵĻµڤǰڤ廨صפء
һ̴ȷʵƯһǧڤȫûֻʣǻ׽ˡֻʧǸĻֻ顣ҲСˡ
ؼߺź͸־һֱվָǰֱǻˡӭؼߺŶſУù¬һսʤȫǧڤ
ؼߺŵĹƳԶڿлصþòɢžȫĻĻһ˸߹һˡ硣һսеĿĶﵽˣǵľӵƷĸǡҶ˷ܡ
е㲻˼ˣһսָӵģҲǡ㱱ɹЦҵ˵ֵ˾̫ǫ顣һָӵģ̰֮һڤɣ
㱱ԲҰѻ˵꣬ҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱ʹ˸ɫֻðѻʵӵСؼߺ˰ڤڤţվҡҡλΣһ
㱱˵㱱ɡظλŰɣڤ˿㱱ɡ¶˳羴ɫ㱱ɼ˵Щ֮ͳߡʵɹģĿľҪܹһͳ硣սľλġߡ¬
ڤһ˿ңкǸӡҲǣġؼߺ˵ҲʶҰɣڤֿ˿ؼߺţð¶˾ȵı飬Ȼǿ˭ˡؼߺŹЦ죬ҷǣǻȥɣȥ߹ˡ˾Ҫġ
˵һ֣ڤϵ䵽˵ϣڤҲվؿǣǿһͷһġͷľѣһη˳ȥʱͲˡ
֪ؼߺһɽ𻢣൱ֱŹս˾ѵ̬ȣҲĳŹĽڤߣؼߺҡҡͷǻȥҲɵġʵΪʲôأؼߺҡͷ˵ģս޲ʤģ˵ʧˣıߵķ²˵ǳģԡ
ҵ˵ͷ׹Ϊˣ᲻ѹֱ
ؼߺЦЦҲд⣬ź£̹ȻԣãҲʡȥܶĹ򡣡㱱ɵ˵ͷҲ˸־ֵܵļƲߣ
־һĦȭЦ˵ԺúõĴһˣһе㵣ġؼߺƺҵĵģ˵ʵĻפֶ˵ġΪģҲ̫ͼģǰհеĶ飬Сɷ䡣ɲֿھֲ任󷨡˵Ҫȵɱöࡣ
ҿ˿ؼߺ˵׼ؼߺſЦһҲһֿ־壬ʱȷʵ뵽ЩԿⷽĲѵڿλսǿģʼͣ²УǻҪռһǳء
ҿ˿ͼعУǾͽһɣָŵͼһĹǡ˶￴˿㱱ֹʮתϼһǸͷ
ؼߺ˵ϼһȷʵǸͷĹǵλõģšɽѹ롣
ץץԴѹڤȥǲҲȥ
ؼߺ˵Ǿͼø־ļƲߣ̧ͷ˿ؼߺ˵˼ֱɱȥȥǸСģ
ؼߺŵ˵ͷǵı½ȥӦû⡣СҪ뱣һͷġٺ٣תĹǣͿùˡ
㱱Ҳ˵ͷܺãϼһﲻͷǾйġڤҲסǡ


ʮ ӿ
оһӣƶ˲ԡؼߺ˵ҶиԵϢӪʣץʱϢһ°ɡЩڤڼᣬҪҲҪ̫ʱ䡣
Ƕ˵ͷ㱱ɵ˵ֵܣǺþòˡһġҵ˵ͷһŮٴҺ㱱˳ȥ˸Ӫ棬Ӫʺܴ󣬲õĺʽձҺ㱱ϯض㱱ɽͽơ˵ֵܣǺҲ쾭ЩҶµʶҲ
㱱ɰѾƵϣǸһ˵粻ҹôһأ㱱ɿЦһûǸʲôһ첻һģججģͶ̥
̾˿ﻹ絶ʡ㱱ɿҵӣʵֵܣʲô¡ôˣ
Ҳ̾˿򵥵˵һ飬Ұѵʱƭ㱱ɵҲ˵š㱱ɲ⣺ʱƼˮ꣬дŮ죬ƭˡ鵹Ǻ⡣ܳɹȳǻԴҪЮʱԸ²˼õİΣ㡭
Ҳ֪첻Ϊӵ顣ʱһһľҵһеľҲ˳ȥ
㱱һںȹⱭľƣ˵ڿõİ취ҵáá׷󷨡ֻҪҵĵطǾͿ취
ҲһԼ侲˵ͷ˵ǰǸյ磬ҲϤ㱱Цҡҡͷû£ʱ䳤ҵķ滹áҿһ׷󷨡ҵõ֡
Ұָ㱱ɣ㱱óһŷֽдֺ֣һֱ룬浹˾ơȼ˷ֽ˾ϣֽ䵽˾УһӲˡ峺ľˮ
㱱ָھ滭Ȧдʣʱ澹Ȼ˻档һӣϽ˹ȥϸؿš
һ˹ƮһڵĻУİۡڶƺѰʲôʱ򣬲֪һӣһסӡһһ˵ýˣΪϹͶӣѾôʱˣʱȥˣ߰ɣһСĵ㣬Ūġ
ǸҺϤСʶǸʹߡһӳǸӣȥĻˡĻǹȥˣ
ټɿһɵúܿ죬ûʲôʹı顣㱱ɲ˵깴ǿˡҲܸϽǸʹߣлǽĻǹȥˡ
һֱɣֱӵıϡںӱһӣȺŶӣʹ˵ǩҴǰɣվšʹߴֱӵ˷档ʱһһ˳
ʹһֱߵһ޴ʯűϡ˵̨Ǳ߾κšκǰߵСͤСԼźˣȻţͿԵͶ̥ˣϣͶ̥һ˼ҡ
㱱˵ٵڶҵ˵ͷվڡ̨һȻȥͤˡһ߹κšʹ̾ҡҡͷҲƮˡ
ҿһ˻л㱹¹µκţҵģһֱκšͻȻӰֻһͰˡ㱱ɾеˡһĹκǱߵģһ˭
Ȼǲ֪һǾ⡣ʵһƬңЩǹ˭أ㱱˵Ȼң¹£ֻתؽУЩЩʹһκһ쵼ֻңЩֻڹǹг򣬺ܶĹ궼Ͷ̥ܶͶ˻̥Ͷ˺̥Ĺ걻뵽ǣʮ˲ҲûȥĹˡĻлֻءҸյʱ򣬾ͱˡǡҲģΪʲôҪڡǡЩ»Ұ飬ҷԼķڣһӣʹӡǡУ˳ܶĹ궼Ҵӡǡӳʱ򣬸ҵġ
ҵ˵ͷ֪㱱ɵҲǾܶ顣ٿеĻ棬ѾһƬڡȻ󣬾һ£ֱһơ
㱱̾˿ʱˣʮʱ֮ڲʩˣҪã´ʩʱáԽӵϣҪҪͷˡ
Ҳ̾˿ȹԼľƣȻСĵİƣղ
㱱ҵļ򣺡ֵܣһˡ˵ʵ㲻ʺ顣ҵ˵ͷ֪һҪƵ㲻Ҳ
㱱վתһȦң˵㲻磬ڲڡȻǲսǵ˹͵ʱһͻǹͷìܵģڹͷͶȻҪĵ͵һ㡣ɰǰ档ǾԵΣġ
ҵ˵ͷʵһֱûЩ⣬ΪҾҸ⡣ڿף»ӰҲʱһˡ
ҿ˿㱱ɣ˵ԺҲҪģǸᣬ죬ҿͬȤҲ㡣
㱱תЦЦȻѵ㲻֪ͼҵ˵ͷȻҪƺؼߺšõѡʹѹ֮ҪƺȨҲóġ
㱱ɵ˵ͷֵ㵹ǿͨ͸Ҳ˵Щûʲôãں͹Կ֪ôҲɣЩ鶼Ҫݺ롣
ҵ˵ͷԸҲúܵ͵еĹͶƸңҲǸ߹ؼߺţû˼
㱱Ц˵Сʲô֪ڱгʲô֮˵֮ҲһìܣΪ֮ƻǶԿ뵣Σͳȫֻ㣬Żᱻ˶ŷ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷסȻеΪѣңӦû⡣
㱱ɵ˵ͷ˵ʤе̫ˣЩڤֻǱ˴ֲǲôһģҲʤУһ֮󲻻ôˡ
ҵ˵ͷ֪ռʱ˺֮ͣûôסǿ»ҪоһʵĴ򷨡


ʮ ؼߺŵ춯
Һ㱱ţͻȻеһɴûйѹҿ˿룺磬ôôоôκģ
㱱תų˵ⲻǾƾɱһ㶣Ͻ˹ֿȻöˡС˵˭ôɱ㱱һ˭
һ˵ˣ㱱ɲɫһڸеľƣ˵ߣɽ𻢡ĹĲһﲻһҪԼᡣȻܵɱǹþ⸽ҲںԶĵط
Ҳȹеľƣüͷǻ᲻أ㱱ʼ˵˭֪ҲɣĹȷǿᣬҲеܴѹ뷴أ
㱱ɻû䣬ҵĴʵͻȻˣ㱱üͷһ壬ЩãҪ˵ȴǹؼߺţһ£˵ôˣм𣿡
ؼߺſ˿ǣ쳣ı䣬˸еƣҪʵô¡ؼߺ˵Ǹо𣿡㱱ЦЦ˵ɱؼߺŵ˵ͷԣ
㱱ֵһƣ˵ܵˣҺ¬ֵܣܵˣǵĸӦòһɣؼߺͻȻֽ߬ȭͷԭηøӵ͵سͣĽеҪҲҪ
Ƕһ֪һôˡҪȥѯ㱱ɴһȥ⡣һûͦȽŲؼߺһ˹ֻֻɿݵĹצָףտĹ⡣
һæ㱱ѾӶ˳ӷɵҺ͹ؼߺŵм䡣ؼߺŵĹצһץ÷顣ͬʱ㱱ɴһֵܣһ⡣
Ҳ֪⣬ûҷؼߺҲеҪҲֻȷʵ͵쳤ץ˹ҷˣͬʱóˡҫʡǡҫʡһóҲŪˡ
ԭǡҫʡϸֳӲԿɡһóһ˺ӧǹҵһһ죬ҵһóҫʡû뵽ôôһҲˡ
룬ֻջӶ˼£뵲סؼߺšǹؼߺŵĶ죬һգۣѾˡҫʡߣһŤɴŲҪ˿顣ֻ֣ҵǰץ
ʱһӰӺһɫĸһӶ˹ؼߺŵĹ֮ϡؼߺűһӷ˳ȥһͷһ㱱վһӡ
˵磬е㲻Ծв㱱ɺһȻҪȻͷˣҴŵһؿǹͷġףֵܣԭҲϲǹʱдд衣
ʱͣҲ֪ΪʲôҫʡһһʱһòߡϽһͦеôˣ
ؼߺţˤڵϣǺװ˵һϵͬʱе֪񱻹ˡġħ󷨡̫ҵֿˡҡ
ʵô㣿ǹؼߺûлصֻ۾һӱѪɫ˸ëƬȫһһҺ㱱ɳ˹
һһʱе޴롣ԹؼߺŲҲˣǰǿַٲȻһҺ㱱Ҳһͺοò˺ֻ׽ġ
㱱ɵ粻֪λԣǲܵģ֮£㱱ɻԥɱؼߺţ˿顣ͳ˷ֽһʱ侹Ȼ벻Ӧʲô㱱ɺ͹ؼߺѾͬʱԷȥ
㱱ɷͬʱа׸һΣѾ˴ǹͷǹǹͷīȾȴðźһϸ΢İʣ˵һָо˵䡣
㱱ɶ˵ǹͷֱȡؼߺŵʺǿҪһŪϣ롣ʱ򣬺һ磬ٶȱ㱱ɵٶҪʮ࣬һɫĴһ˽һӰѰеĹؼߺײ˵ϡ
һǸһﾹǡͷ֪ʲôط˳ؼߺűͷĴͷײ˵ϡһڵϣڵĴϢţȻײһ£˵Ĳء㱱ɿǲģһ֣еǹ͵쳤ˣڵϹؼߺŴȥ
ؼߺһǹץȥǹǿͳһΣһŵĺõ壬һӰѹؼߺŵֻצСһžǹؼߺŵĳָףȻǸǹ˵ϡ
ؼߺһֽУ˷ڿһתǺɫǹŷ㱱ѹ˹ȥϵָҲ˲䳤˳ƺȸղŵĸӳˣտɫӹ졣
㱱һǹǹ˻ȥҲһһ조ҫʡ˹ؼߺŵǰҴ˵磬Ҫɱ֡㱱ɽеӣǶᱻŪģù
ҽеһʲô취һԲźáʱؼߺţһҵġҫʡ徹Ȼ˹ҸϽʣǹؼߺһŴ죬һɺ̣Ǻ̺һ˹ͬʱؼߺŵֻҵļץ
ؼߺһӺܿ죬һӷסҵжֻˣûа취ˡֻӲһСҰѹӵһֱ϶Ҳڶǵȥͬʱһμеġҫʡһתֻצͬʱһ죬һС߶˶Ĺؼߺš
żһǳɡǿڹѹؼߺŵĺ˻ȥؼߺһ㿪Լĺֱֻ̡ҵġҫʡߡҵĽŽؼߺŵĶӡ
ֻҪǹһУȻһвԸЧֻҪˣһС
ȻؼߺҲ⣬һȻûнʵʵĶϡҲǹεһЩؼߺһҽУŵ˳ȥһߵġͷҲ˹ȥһţؼߺŵĲҧȥ
ؼߺŵڵϣʹֻ࣬ץеҪҪֻʹŤһڵϷﻹȥѾ˹ġͷ
ۿšͷĴҪҧؼߺšҴһҪͷҪ
ͷʱͣסˣ۾ҡҡҡͷͷһ˵һߡ㱱˵еķڡԻ󷨡ʲôķҲá
룬ҵķкûĶͻȻ֮ǰʱõġ֡õ澵ӣ澵ӺĹܣֻ֪ܲá
ʱҲܲôˣϽͳ澵ӣŹؼߺ˹ȥ


ʮ 罵ͷ
ӶŹؼߺţûһ㷴ӦؼߺŻڽšҪͷ˿ҵһߣʱ׼˳ȥ̬Ҹļ٣⻹ûĿŪʵǲáοҺ͹ؼߺôεĳУҲĸ顣˵ͺϺǿһô׷ֻ˺أ
㱱һǹ˹ȥڵǹͷҲŹؼߺţͷһۣеžһʲô
ŻȻûԲ£ҲֻҵĹҸϽҵĹ˾ӵУһӷɫĹâҺڵϿʱ򲢲һҲˣʲô綼ӵġ
ԽԽͻȻһɫĹ˳ȥֱؼߺšؼߺţһֻ˫֣žӣҲ˾ӵĹâСͷһΪؼߺʲô춯һȥ
ڹؼߺת֮󣬾ͺʩ˶һһֻѪ۾һѪֱĿžӣûʲôʡ
㱱һ£䵽ߣ˵šһ˾񣬼ǿ˷ھϵĹӷ˹âһӱϸˣֻʣֱڹؼߺŵֻ۾Сǹؼߺŵֻ۾챦ʯ˸Ĺâ
ҾĿţϵؼǿŷĹâԽԽϸȴԽԽֱ̹ؼߺ۵ͫסͻȻؼߺŷһҽУ֪ķɳ۾з˳ǻûӦͷͷһֻɳ˿Сȥ
ҿ˿ͷҡҡͷһҲʲôͳԣĶٻ¯һûʲôҲǷˡ
˾ӣ㱱˵磬ղСɳʲô㱱룬˵ʵҲ֪û˼ʱҵǺһĶ㱱ôһ˵ҲһЩ˵磬˵ǲǽͷ
㱱ɻĵ˵ͷǰͷԳý飬度ˡŶֵҲоҿЦҡҡͷо̸ϣ֮ǰи֣̩ĽͷʦǺĽͷʦͷҿٻӡ
㱱˵˵ǸеĻŮġֻˣ˵ԭһеĺһŮģˡеıҴˡŮѰ𣬻ɱҵѡҲˡ
㱱ɿ˿˵ŮǲǽȣеĽ£۾԰ô磬Ҳ֪㱱ɺһô֪ǾҵĶͷԸҵġֵܣ֪֪֪š
ͷ㱱˵ǾҵĶͷҺ͡šֶΡΪ˱ͽʬǻʤǾͷʦԸңҲǵĵҾ෽֪һҾ˵һ̩ͷ磬һзұõǧˮ˵ءû뵽
ҵ˵ͷû뵽绹ⷽԨԴ㱱ɹЦ󻹲籨ˣֵܣҾ˵Ե𡣡
ɫ浱ȻǲֹЩ顣ţҰ򵥵˵һ飬ְܵɷӵв˵һ顣㱱һĴȣڵĵ֮Ⱦȳá߲ҿ飬ͽҰɡ
ҿ˿㱱ɣȻҶʮֵţһԼȥڵҲһս֮ھеĵλһ٣ھ֧ӵ꣬Ҫ߿ˣսǺܲġҲòӴֳһʱҲ¾
ʱһҿͦã»һֲӣЭ¡
Һ㱱ͬʱͷֻؼߺѾǡ۾϶Ѿȫָˡָֻ֮ǰӣȻǺܿ£ȸղǿˡ
Ҳ˿ڣôû°ɣؼߺվ֫˵۵ģղһˡû°ɣ㱱˵ô£
ؼߺ˵ô£˹ĵˡһﲻħ󷨡кܶǺɷѧġһʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
˵á꾵㣬۾ɳֻһĶͷˣ˵öǡͷ桯
ؼߺžһ㶣ڽͷӦ˽ıҶࡣΪǸȺͲ¶ɹҼ˵ҲʶȺͲ¡ңҲǡš֪ɣ
ؼߺŸӾȣ֪Ĳ֪еȻʱûáš¡û뵽Щһ֯ôӴ󣬲֪ûнͷġҪѧ²˰
㱱Ҳ˵ͷǰ֮ǰǴû˵ͷģ᲻ɷأüͷɷˣǹѧ˽ͷǺܿµһ顣
㱱ɶԹؼߺ˵㵽ôŵõŪˣ´λǻᱻƵġ
ؼߺϣԴ˵ղӪ棬սԼƻͻȻϵһɱҵһҡΪˡϽ˹ֿһʱҵĺңֻʱпС
㱱ɵ˵ͷ̾˿ʼǹһͷ㻹һĿֻҪʧһӣͻа취Ը㡣ҿ¬ġ꾵ǺЩЧ㲻ϣҪʱϮ
ҰѾӵݸ˹ؼߺţؼߺе㲻˼ӲЦЦҲҵģǡ֡µġҲ֪ʲôãõȻ㡣˵Ҫöࡣ
ؼߺţ˵ʲôӹ˾ӣϡ˵˼ˣǼɣҪСġǵ˵ͷؼߺ˳ȥ
ߵſͻȻͣסˣת˵Ҫûоӣһֱǻô죿㱱˵Ҳûа취㲻һǲܻ׽㣬ֻܰɵҺ͡ͷͷǾԲġֵܵһֱά㣬ڻ澵ӡҲˡ
ؼߺſһۣǸӡ˵һҪҪ벻취˵ֿһۡҵ˵ͷ
㱱ɿŹؼߺ˳ȥ̾˿һ￴Ҳ
ҡҡͷȻˣȻ᲻ˡҲܹҿǻҪ
㱱˵ɣУҲûа취ڻоӡ뾭һ֮ҲôŵˡϾʵҲȹ٣Ļᣬ¾ͺˡ


ʮ ڤϮ
Һ㱱һ󣬸һϢ֪˶ã洫Ůٵ¬н飬λʡ
Һ㱱ͬʱ۾һɳӪʣġͷҲ˳ǵ˴̣Ҳ档ؼߺҲȵվм䡣ǽ˵棬ЩڤھĹ¼ᣬ׼һʱͿԵ
ʵ٣ؼߺ˵ݱ棬Լһǧҡ㱱˵ٰҪһٰǼǺİؼߺ˵һĺݳԲɳôġڤ
˵ǲһǧʮʮĲӡ¡㱱ЦЦֵܣ㲻֪ЩڤûйһһʱҪ빥һǣҲòôࡣɳһǧġڤǺֱܴˡ
һǾûôأǸողôġڤǺҲûôɣؼߺɫ˵¬Ҫõġҵ˵ͷղеС˵ţеˣҺ͡ڤֵ⼸Σʤԡ
ؼߺ˵ţҪԡڤ˽⣬еġڤһģҲкܶ֡սӦĿҲһֻͨġڤӡĲͨڤУԨڤ͡װڤһһڤӣľԲϴɢҵġڤһǳģ
û̵ģⷽ飬Ҳûٿ͵ľë󶫵սԷ롣ҶԹؼߺ˵ԷڶǿԻΪ㡣ǴλսǻҰǱɽ֣Ǵλĺõط
ؼߺЦЦҲġ㱱˵ԣڵ˴ųޣڶνһٶ˥ߡ˽ӯӦñâ
ҵ˵ͷǲһֲֻӣؼߺŵ˵ͷ˵ԣдԼǧˡϹԴ졣
ҵ˵ͷ̫ˡǰеı岿ֱ֣졣ֲӵгȡϮжЩڤðЪǵСɲ֮Ա磬˵ĲҲֳСɣǾͽΧ˾ɱ
㱱ɴ˵սԣҿִаɣؼߺҲ˵ȷʵʵʩ˵ŽйŮǣһоһ£˾ҡ㱱ɡ־ؼߺšһˣЩ½ģһģݶӣһŮٴţصĵط׼ӦЩֱϹţʱڤӽɧš
˰ţжЩλ겿ѵأܿ졣㱱ɵĲҲԣļͽܰæ־Ƚ鷳ЩʬҲûʲôѵڶ־ǵ죬˵ôôʱͳͳ˳ȥֻһƬտյӪկ
կ֣ȥ֮ǰ໥ء㱱ɶҵСġҪ꣬ҲҪ飬ǧﴫҵ˵㣬ŲŻҰȥܳȥԶ龫ı档ЩڤѾӪկտյӪկǶǱסܿͰǵӪկУֲʱ׼ɧš
ҵһɽڣڱ´ԸͣҰݺܸߣǵ塣ܸߵĵطС龫תǿ֪ڤһһ
ҶߵŮ˵òӷɢʱȺŮȥ¡һɽӪկķţҷǳϣӪկж
ͻȻҸоߵľﲻϵ߷ţԭӪկҲҵǰԽԽԽԽҾȻмĴʡмһļһϻ̣еЦȴǺϡߺߵ˵ʲô
ҲȻ֪˵ЩʲôҺڽЩʲôһҵĶߣһҲˣȻôߵӰ١
һϲ֪ΪʲôǰҿûӣѵǿʦǱĶЩҪܸôԶ֣Ҫġ
ϸĿţšǸĶҲվżڵġڤҲɫʣûǸɫࡣ֪ɫǳģǺġ
һЦһ˵ǵȻڤңȻẦǣˡ
ĴҲһֽУƨզǵսҪǣôҷǵڤӡܵġ
Ǹһﱻ׵Ĳ˵ˡǸһӰ֣վȻڻ֪ʲôսԡԿ϶ıáڤ䡯ȥ̽Ϣ
Ļ䣬һǸΧͻȻ˺ܶĺɫķɳ棬˵ҳȥ̽ϢЩһܵȥˣ
һˣЩɫġڤ䡱ɢߡ
ҰЩڤȻԴֺܱ꣬ǺĻģνδ鱨СЩڤ䡱Ӳױ˺ԣȷʵĺö
ҼţǸ˵սʿҪԴһʱļڤ˵ǣɴ󽫾˵תȥˡֻһڵڤǸıɽߡ
ɽͷ΢˵ΪõʲôսԣǸȻǸıʿ΢գ˵ܼ򵥡ǻΪ㣬֮뵽˻ԭֵУǼƲߣȺһﲻ򵥰
Ҳһ򵥣һ۾Ͷǵ뷨ǿɾͱˡ
ɽʵô죿һ˵Ϊ֮ƣԲӦ䡣ߵĻĮ̫룬Ͼءǿеʱ䡣ֻҪɣЩǣʱͰǶĮ֮УΡͿԳˡ
ɽ˵ͷЦЦ˵ãݴͣãô졣
һ˻ԴǰһʧˣҲûˡҲҵ飬Ͻáǧﴫ֪ͨˡȻ˶ô֪ģûʱǽ͡ؼߺ˵ǸʵǹթáʹϹϧһдҲҪɱ
˵Щֲɧţɱ飬ɡɹʸһЩ
㱱˵ðɣؼߺ˵Ҳá¬ϢͽҺɡ


ʮ ɱ
һȡ˵ͳһҲûа취ֻȥˡ
һŸղſģĺ档ǸͲĿ󼰵ķΧҸղȴˣˡⶼô£
Ҹһµҵֳˡǧۡ˳֡ѵղŵķĺܹá
Ҹ֮࣬ǸĻ˵Ҫˡô˵һֱûгأҲ˵ڹڡǲǾȳĺʱأҲ֪ʲôطҵǴˣһŮƱܡ㱱ɵǸҲ㱱ҲûнҡҪ֪ʲôطȥ㱱ɡ
ĳߵŮٵ˵¬ǱиɫСɳ棬ǲ˵ġڤ䡯
һعȻһɫСڿзţ˵Һ죬һ֪ǡڤ䡯˵ԣһˡ
Ůһ˦֣еĳ޷ɳžһǸڤ䡱Ůٵıͷķ顣һ޳ĺƯҲ̾úãŮٵе㲻˼ͷ΢΢ĵ˵лл¬Ŀ佱
ʵʲô֣ŮٸӺ˵ҽж塣ЦЦֺܶǺǡɬһЦͻȻһ֣еĳһķ˳ȥڰһ죬һɫСӦ䡣һڤ䡱
˵кܶࡣҲɫԣǲ١һܷŹ˵óˡҫʡǡҫʡǺǹһ㶼ԭӡֻεĻӶŰеġڤ䡱ûж磬ֻǼ°׹ֻڤ䡱ͱ
ĲݴҲǵǹСڤ䡱Ӧ¡ʱָֻƽҶԶ˵𣿡˵Ҳ֪ŵģѾˡ
ұ۾Լĸ֪ŴͻȻҾҵĸ֪ǿˣһ磬Ȼ۾ܱߵľ쳣ҵγһͼҸеܵھʮ׵ĵطһڤ䡱ͣһҶı
ͳ˹ؼߺŸҵņ֣̀һǹǸڤ䡱Ӧˡֽеۣ¬ָһ£ȥûˡڤ䡱۾С֣ЦĿҡ
ҿ˿壬һƯŮӡڴžװԵӢɷˬЩζһʱ񿴵סˡ
忴ڿЩ˼С糺һƬߵĵͷ
ʱյ˹ؼߺŵġǧﴫǻصӪկˣһֹҺһѰһ֡
һعԶ˵ע⾯䣬Сһɲ¡˵ͷĿܡ
˸ߴӪկķšƬӪկҵǰһƬİЩڤǽӵָҪȴԶɢǺܽšаЦʱ
ȻӪկıǹǹǱ߿ȥӰѸٵӪկΧƶţûһ飬һֱ׼սʽǹϵĴվڸߴġڤ׷ǹ
ڤһը˹׷ΣСڤֱܵ˴ʵСʿȥ
ɽҲǹվ濴šǸڤҲ˽˵ɽеоڽɽһС֮ȥҲظϽ
ɽһε棬𣬵˰УǹĵطţͻȻһǹ죬һӵɽɽһһ֣ץס˷ӵ
ҵһһȻӵܽסɽӵֽ߬һ£ӵͷȻ˷ĩһ治ףҲܴЩڤ˵ŶӰζկ⣬ͣһ
Ҹеķ飬һһ㶼ڡͷһǱ߷ȥӰƵˡɽЦһһʱһӰ˳Ҳ˰֮Сɽš
ҿúǹؼߺš֪ʲôʱжһѳĴ󵶡
ɽһ㶣ϸĶһ¹ؼߺţʵǣСߣؼߺЦЦҡɽе㾪ȣ㣬ǡΪʲô㾹Ȼֽţ㲻ǡ
ؼߺЦЦȻǹͷѾ͹ѡɱΪñ𵲵
ɽЦ޳֫ôѹ·һɣ˵ɽһΣŹؼߺ˹
ؼߺһеĵǰȥסɽ·ɽŹؼߺŵĵץȥɽϹǲģʱֻѾץ˵ϣؼߺŲһתĴɽг˳
ǿɽûһ˺ȻһӱһŹؼߺŵץ˹ȥʦүһֺᵶһ˳ȥҲɽץ˹ȥɽִ󣬹ؼߺŵСֺֻͬڼӲײһ𣬾Ȼ˽ײһؼߺŵϵָףһӻɽơ
һɺѪһӱ˳ɽ˾ȵƺû뵽ؼߺžȻ˵ԼǹؼߺźͣһɽͷϿȥϽͷһ࣬㿪˳ǹؼߺһѾߵˡɽŹؼߺŵĽץȥ
ؼߺżæţûǵɽץȥɽͷǰһ죬Źؼߺžһǿӹؼߺƺ׼Ҳǿһ磬һɺ̼һ˳ȥɽŵĿС
Ҽؼߺźüζֻ̣֪Ǻ̲ã֪ʲôЧۼɽ˺̡ҵǺܺʲôĽ
ɽҭˣ͵̧ͷһں̡һֻ˹ؼߺţһζһӳֻ֣ѹؼߺСؼߺŲżеĳһ裬ֻ֣ݵȥͣ뿪һʧӰ١
ؼߺĿ٣ȥĴݡɽˣǹɺ̻˺Ҳ֪ɽŻıǲ̫ϽڰֱСһִеɱɱ
ЩڤĦȭƵ׼ˡɽĺ˳ȥһʱ䳡ղŻЩֲӣͲӰ
˴ϽعͷѰҴӪկֻЩ˷ܵɱġڤûдӰӡ
ƣߴ㱱ɵġǧﴫˣҸϽϸĿ˿ԭһѷɻңǾǴҷ֤ݣҸ˵˵ɵƯ


ʮ ˮһս
ʱɽҲе㲻Ծˡڰиţڣ
л˻شɽ䵽ϡҲǶѷɻңץһѣɻҴָƫƫɢɽеôô
ɥӣҲ֪ˣʲôǸˣǾһ¡
ɽһ˦֣еķɻңŭһӣڤ˻ɽ˵󽫾ЩһﶼˡˡҲˡ
ɽһǸڤϣеƨ˭ǣϵˣɱˡǸڤһƤ˳ȥſڵˡ
ڤǺһϲģû뵽ǼһﾹȻɽһž˳ȥʱﻹ˵Ͻһߡɽܻ˵ٷšڤ䡯һҪҵǣҪǴǧ
Щڤһɢʱ˸ȺӪկ˳ȥó˷ֽȼ˷ǧﴫɽַܻų˺ܶġڤ䡯λСġ
ҵĻ䣬˹ؼߺŵЦҪˡˣ±أʣµĲҪɱڤ䡯ǻȥšǸɽδ
ҵ˵ͷȷʵǸСڤһɢˡǾͿԼҴһɣǻֱһңǾյ룬취ضǡ
Ȼʱַɹܶġڤ䡱ö崫ȥҪ˺ǣû
Щڤ䡱ǵϿһӣ׷¡һһֵġڤ䡱ˡǻȥ㱨ˡҵߣʵ½Щڤ䡯Щڤ̽ΪʲôҪǻȥ
ЦЦ̽Ҳ̽ӵ;ھҪ߳׷ǵսǿ󣬿࣬һһǧڤҪǷֿˣǾͿºлǡ
գգ۾ʵҪǲֿأЦЦǾյ룬ٷֶʳ֮ЦЦ֮ǰ˵ЩڤӺݺ磬޿ƥУڿҲˣǱ仨ˮ
ŶСŮģޣҲЩƮƮȻϸԼˣǲС˵ȷʵռˣһЩڤָʹˣ˭УȻСЩŮѵλ겿ӺǾɣװսԵõǣǵıߡ
˹ҲԼһ𣬶ǿġЦ˵ǲھͰڿƵǰ
ЦЦҪǸɽôˡ羴Ŀ˵¬ҳ˻ݵˡе㲻˼ˣʲôֵó羴ģҲǸС
ȴҡҡͷŲСҾǶζҲ˵ˡѣӵҶ֪Ǹˣֵ𾴵ˡ
ЦЦʱˡġǧﴫڤѾûзɢڤ¬ķȥע⡣
΢΢üͷҳ˸ǩɽұˣרҡ
˹ؼߺŵġǧﴫ¬ںδΣҼ򵥵˵һ¡Ȼ˵Ӹ£ӦһӡӦÿӦλԮ
ؼߺ˵ЩڤӲ򵥣ϿԷ죬¿ԶݵءһĸߵأγơҽǻǼƶں׷档취ǵĶضϣࡣ
ҵ˵ͷ취ҶԶ˵Σٶǰ
崫ĻѸٿΣϺһ·񱳣ǵյġǧﴫź桰ڤλáţ֪ЩڤٶҪǿ졣ʱ䲻þͻᱻ׷ϡ
ʱǰ浽˻Ұľͷͷ֮ȻһƬǵıϡеԥĵβʡȻǿƮУǺܺķѹġҵûʲôЩλԼ֡
վıԵ󷢴˵¬ǲǵβ졣Ҵҿ˿壺㵹ǹɣȷʵ˵¬ĪżҴż˽ȥ̽ΡȺ׼Ӧսɡ
˵ҲãҪСġо͸Ͻ˵ͷ˼λ꣬ɽС
ߵġͷ˵øǣ׼սɣͷ̧ͷ˿ңͷһ촽ӸͲҪ׼ս׼ԡ
ҡҡͷ򲿶Ӵ׼ս
λ֪еǰǸݲȣԳѵءҺܰġĻǿʼ壬͹¡һִսʣµʱ׼ΧֻҪֵܹĲӸǾͿҧһڡ
ɳ˼СֶӣڤӽɧţԼǵٶȡվһѹ棬ź
Ƭ֮ҿԿԶˡҿˡڤӡȷӡŵٵķţһɷ죬ͳÿֲޱȡڸӿֱֲ˲ֱӡ
ʱǹ֪ɳСɧŲӿʼˡǰ桰ڤһǹǼһǹĵطðһ̣ûһֻһӰٶȡһ֮۴Уżڤǹĵط˹ȥ
ǹ𣬿ЩӵЩڤ𲻵ʲôáЩһϺһ¡Щһ֮ǰԸЩһ
ǹɣǰŲҽ֪λ⵽ϮתͷȥȻĻȻֿЩڤսʵ̫ǿˡֻǼ¾ͰĻ˦˳ȥġڤһᣬ룬ҷ
ҵһЩڤ֮ǰȷʵһ֮ǰӵˣЩһӵ֮ǰġڤõǰɫĺ񳤱һЩһõĶڹǺ󱳵Ĵ󵶣Ҹոǵ
ҸϽ߶Ľеˣȫˡλˣʼˣһкǧ֯ĳˡǸĻһͲһ죬ЩڤըĴɣȻһתûʲô¡ֹһ¡ЩλҲû˻
ҶԺĻе㣬лͲĳٸλվҵһû뵽ŻͲĻ治١ôȴǸ˵
Ļ˻ЩڤҲں档ҶЩŻͲĻ˵׼ˣҴ򣡡
һʱ䣬һ졣ҵĶ䱻ֱ졣ܶĻЩڤȥ


ʮ ڤ
ЩڤըĵҷɡȻˤ˵ϡЩĻ˳˻סһСӳʵôǸСӳȻе㾪δ侲˵ǺϺǵĵǵǹãϲǡǵĵֻһ¾ͿԿǡҿҪ취ЩҲֲ˶á
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʵЩĻһĲǺ˽⡣ʵǻʲôرǸСӳ˵ı֮ǰ˵䷢һЩڹѪӵЩ˵ҲΣաԲʹá
۾أСӳ˼λ꣬ǶһҡǻĲɵġҿ˿ʵǡһ˵ǵıҽԷźܶĶǺΣյĶ
ҵ˵ͷЩڹѪӵ棿˵˵ͷҴϲתǸСӳ˵㣬ҼǹõġСӳһ˵רŵľѻ֡վ˳Ѫ״Щ˱ŵġУСĵóһŵӵ
ЩλרҵַҸؼߺţ뵽鷢ԥһ£ֿٵһЩӵȻееȣҲûʲô顣ǲЩڹѪġͳǹƵӵֱЩӵѹҵĵϡ
ѻ־ȵĿңΪʲôͬǹ꣬ҾȻºڹѪҿ˿ǣʲôɿģɡЩҪסˡ
ǼѻżӿٶȣҿЩġڤǷ˹̧־һǹġڤǹǸڤ㶼û㣬Цżҷ˹
һ졣ӵǸڤͷ­һڤЦͣϣȴŵɫһˤ˵ϡɻҡ
һȻЧϲĽеð㣬
ߵľѻɢҵλáǹ˷ǱߵġڤһǹɻңղŻֵġڤһͬ鱻Ǿɢ
Ǽǹ죬Щڤֵ˼ɻҡʣµĶӰ
һЩѻֶǹŶ档СӳҶ˵¬ӵǴĲǺܶ࣬Ҫʡŵáҵ˵ͷ֪ѾǶˡҲİɡ
Զ˿Щڤӻ˱ӣɽ㱨šɽżǱġڤƿڴǷõġڤȻĻԸˡ˵ķɳţЩڤϡЩڤȻһڤһɽĽţǻζ˼£ûзɳȥɽҹǡɻҪܵ滽Щ˯ޡһôǴģҴٽˡ
һ亹Ҫˡǧۡ͡˳ЩǶ֪أǡɻ󡱹֣֪һõط滹ʲôޣ֪Щʲôã˽ȥˣ»Σա
ҸϽԸɣȥɻѰҶǡػ˵ʲôҲֻܿһƬҲԸɣʲô
üͷšɻ󡱣ǶȿûʲôֻһƬˮݵԶһƬƬˮأʲô
ʱ򡰵ڤֹҲУҲСλ겿Ӻǹ뷢һʱ֡ѻֻܴЩڤڤͲҪúڹѪӵ
ղŻ̫˵ءͷֻԾֻסͷȥǡͷܴ󣬶Ҽ˷ܡҶЩסˡҵлǵŶ壬ôöûг᲻ʲô¡
һָսһ߿棬֪ʲôʱһλײײķ˳ߣˤҵߡһʵôˣʲô£أ
ǸĻһϢģ۾ſңƺлҪ˵ץ֣ѹǸĻ˵йޣˣӳϺ󡣡
Ȼ˵ǰԲһǴˡҺСӳһɽˡɻ󡱡
ղŻʵġɻһɽȥȴһСǰǰ·룬۾Լĸ֪һ۾ɢˣҿĸܵӡ濴һ㶼һ
Щֲﶼֵֹģι״˵ɢһֶζüͷûȥЩֻҪҵǡҷɳȥԶһƬûһ
ƣͻȻǰ洫򶷵һİ׹ҸϽɹȥֻǰһƬˮ棬վˮУһߴһһе塣ˡ
ҵ߿˿Ǻ񿴲ӡֺʹսһóҫʡɵ˴ߵĺ棬šҫʡ˴ߵߴ硣
ſңе¬Сİһ㶣ͻȻаߴˮ˳ߺһĻҰҺͶΧ˵С
ҺͶ屳ĻվţҶԶ˵û°ɣȴʵ˵λ궼ҷˡ̾˿ʲôҡҡͷҲ֪һһ죬Ҿͷɲˡ
һһ¾ŸߡͻȻŸһһ˹һ壬ϷȥǾһ𳤴ͣҺͶ徹Ȼ˵һɣͱ
ҺһɾͲɣǴ˵һӡҫʡһͷ˹ȥǸ쳣ݡһͷ㿪ҵġҫʡİߣӺ˹
һеĳޣסһߣλζм䴩˹ȥһޣ߸һһѡҫʡߵм䣬һˮ档ֻеҫʡǧءһû
Һƣôôء룬ΪĴҵġҫʡβֻһתһСβ߷һߡתһţ߷һߡ
߷һߣһתݣת˾ߵİΧȦ
֪ܷɣ壬ʩչˡһ˳ȥ


ڶʮ ս
ǾߣҲĸ׷һ룬ͲˣӾ߶ȴֺʲôסˣȻáⶣ˼ͷ˿е֡Ϊʲô߲׷
忴ͣסˣߴٵ߰ɣ¬룬˶˳ȥţֻҪܳΧǾͿԷˡ
һֱܵƬˮıԵԿǺͺڲݵİˡͻȻˮһһ˺ϱôֵĴӣˮǸڵģˮİ⣬ƺһƬƬ޴Ƭ
һ㶣ǸӾ͵ǵǰҲǶӦǸȻǲƬġûǷӦǸǵ˹һعŶһ㵽һߡصǵߡˮζţţǲˤ
ܲôˣǱ߻ءŶŰȥۿҪϰˣͻȻˮ͵ĽˣҲˡԭһͿԿϰߵľ룬һϵ˲١Ǿ밶߾ȻͻȻʮ׵ҺͶˤȥ
ҺǾȣ˶ס壬Ҳץס˶壬ûˤȥƽȵȥһͷ鿴״Ҳһʵ̫ˡһ޴оŸͷףҸղſĴβ֮ǰľ߸һϵľŸͷҲ˵һͷߡ
Ҳһ󾪺ץҵҲһŸͷҡҡλεĿǣͬʱһǡǰһס˶塣ͬʱ˶ҵΧһɫһĶҺͶС
ʱǾŸͷҲˡײΧǰɫһĶ棬ײǽϣһ졣ŸͷˤһߡҲ֪ΪʲôǿǱĶʱĸɫĴֳҵС
ĸ֣Ҹеܸˣô˵ҲˡӾɲԶˡҺҲپͷ߲ܰô
Ҵݵó˽бҪһɱˡ𡣽һóûдϡ๭ŹâĶ巢һУ˵ϡ֪ĹâҲ˵塣ҸϽͳһŻ˶ϡ
ͷһ˽ˤϵľŸͷһӵ߸ߵҡſңӺ˷ܡҷÿͷм䶼˽ƵĹ⡣ϸһȻССĽı־
һ㶣е˼Ϊʲôͷߡͷм侹Ȼнı־һʲôԵʡûаѽڡ๭Ǹ߸ߵؾ
Ÿͷʮֻ۾ضŽһλ֣ЩͷҲеĽζš
ҷŽ֣ǾͷҲŸ壬ŸͷųһҵĶ档Ѿû˸ղŵ󡣾ŸͷƽĿҡ
üͷžͷߣͻȻмǸͷһ㡣ſͣȻ˵ˣ˭Ϊʲôн
˵ǡߡҵġǸͷ׷˵ϣеͷҲŷ˵ϡмͷ˵ˣڻˡֿԸսˡ
һ㶣û뵽ͷߡȻ˵Ļʵô£ͷ˵ôˣŶѾתˡǰ顣Ҿͺ˵һ˵
ĪҵǰҼǵǿڵʱһ顷׷ԼǰǼʹǿǱ飬Ҳûҵҵǰͷ߾ȻҵǰҵǺܸȤһô¡
мͷĵ˵ʱڰʱһƬҡս𲻶ϣսꡣҪˡʹ磬һȺޣսʱ̣ó˽һǬƽҾ֮֡𻯳ˡ
һͷˮеͷͷߡ˵񲻾ǡ۲ҾȣҲšǡתҡҡͷ
ͷ˵ǰǧ绹̫ƽԴӳ˹ֿ֮ʼˡתˡ硣
Ҳ֪ͷ˵ǲʵһʱ֮Խܵġľǡ
ҳţͷߡ˵ˣͺˡֿԸȥսˡ
һعʵΪʲôͷߡ˵Ҳﰡ֮һӣܵĤݡǣҲǳľǡˡǵ˵ˣ͡ڤǡǹѲڣ˵Щһ¸ɵģҲĽأһĻǽﶼᱻɵɻ󡯡
ʵǲ𣿡ͷߡŸͷһĻ˻ΣǸͲĶǵС䡯СӡǡǸͲЩҲǵϳ
ҵ˵ͷȻܽҾǡתǰһȷһǿʵ˵ǣ˭أͷߡ˵Ͱǽг
˵ţŸͷſдͣһŸͷͺоŸԶ
ʱ䲻洫ҺͶվڿӵ׿ͷߡ壬ҺͶͷͷٴſվֻ޴Ĺޡ
һǺϬţһĹͷϣǳϬǡһ޴Ĵ⬡ͷߡ˵ǡϬ
һĺļƬһͷһ޴β͡ͷߡ˵ǡ󡯡
һ޴ļ׳һļһͷϳһ޴ǡͷߡ˵ǡڼ׳桯
һΪ֣һֻ޴ܣŴӣʹֻ͡޴۾ֻۼףڵĹâͷߡ˵ǡܡ
ҿЩι״ļһԡͷߡ˵𣿡ͷߡԶ˵ȻֹЩһ㵱õѣΪʲôڻ
ͷߡôһ˵ҲԶȥͻȻҿԶһӰһ뿴ǵӰٶʵ̫ˣҸӡ˲䣬ǵӰҵߣһ˻Уֻǰȸ߸ߵ̧ſһ񿥵ĺϵëͬɫĶӣһ˫ǵ۾ضңӺĳëƮ
ʧڽе϶ھԣ
϶ھԡҵĽֻǰڵϲĴţ춯صͷҡţ׺һ㶶ţİĹԡ
Ӻڻӭһ


ڶʮһ ɽ
ͷߡе㾪ȣϺǣ㲻ǵǰ飬Ǽǵѣ⡮϶ھԡһӾϳˡ
ҡҡͷǼǵڡʬ˵֮ˡӰʱ򣬼ƥһӾϳˡ
Ÿͷһţмͷ˵Ŷˡһȥٺ١ȥ㶼֪ˣǲӦôսˣ
ҵ˵ͷǻʲô˵ģȻҪߣǿȥ滹ں͡ڤأ
ͷ߹ЦſдУˣˣˡˣˡˡֿսˡ
վڰߵЩҲŷ˺쳹춯ء
϶ھԡصôŵ棬ǼеӡŶ𣬷ˡ϶ھԡȵڶһĺϡ
϶ھԡ壬һ˻СͷߡеȥɣЩڤһǡ
϶ھԡһ˻Уһķ˳ȥٶȿ켫ˣҵĶߺХգۼͳˡɻ󡱡
ڼսڤûǰ١λҲءҺͶš϶ھԡˣĸСӳӭ˹ƽض˵¬ǿҪͦסˣԮûеô죿
ҵ˵ͷԶ˵㴫ɻ󡯡Ӧһ𡣲ʱλʼ֯šɻ泷ȥš϶ھԡ˹µ棬ԽԽĴġڤԡͷеѣҪɱˡ
ͷһšڤ˹ȥ϶ھԡٶȸ죬ȳڤȺСһ֣ҫʡҵСһġҫʡĺˡܶġɰӱʼʼⶼȻͨ죬Ѫһ
Ҷ˵һͦҫʡһڤȥǸڤ㿪һӴʺʼһӴ̴ĺһǸڤķлҷ
һУҵĴԭЩιĶԸڤĺܺá϶ھԡҲҵţҧЩڤ߷ɵ߷ɣҧ˵ҧˡ
ͷǱ߸Ӳ˵ˡķˣڵ˺ҧҷɣһʱ䡰ڤ֫ɽǣϡ
һ˺üڤЩڤѪıʼ⣬ٿǰҵˣ׷ȥͻȻǰġڤһ·ɽҵǰ
϶ھͣס˽Ųɽ˸ǣƺڱɽɽһеÿҪԶԸСӡ
ڤ˴⣬ɢӿ
ɽһΣֻеǰһɽѾҵǰֻеһ磬ֻѾӭץһûüֻеԼٵ˹ȥΪ϶ھԡѾŷ˳ȥҳûһͦҫʡʼ⻮ɽ
ɽԭ׷ˣǱҵǹֹˡһתǹ⡣жԲεĶƣƵܶǳĵ⣬һ֪һɹصıֻɽһ˦һתҷ˹
϶ھԡһЩҵıʼŷɹĶ˹ȥǸƺ۾һȻ㿪ҵıʼ⡣
һ㶣Ƕҷɹˡ϶ھԡıϡҵ˹ȥҰкաҪͦ壬Ǹе϶ھԡַһҿ϶ھԡǰ̤һơԭɽһҲ˹
ǸҷɳȥĶִ˻Ҵӡ϶ھԡһҫʡɽȥͬʱ뵽ҫʡУһɡɰɽ˹ȥ
ɽ֪һ֣һƷ˻ǰ棬סҵġɰ
ɰĶðһ̡ϣҫʡ˵ɽĶơһҫʡײ˻𻨣Һɽ˳ȥ䵽ˡ϶ھԡıϡ϶ھԡһΣ˷һˡҫʡɽȥ
ɽŪæңæٻһƣһٻ족סҵġҫʡһ죬Ҹеֱ졣ֱ۷顣ɽȥ׷ȥһһС߶ɽԴ
ɽһֵ̧֣ͷǰ棬סҵĽšһ⣬ڶϣɽ⵽׻͵ˤ˵ϡ
һ֣ѡҫʡͶǹһɽȥɽˤϣͣ͵һҫʡ˵ϡ
ɽһ۱СֵĶײһ𣬷ɽһŭţͬʱӳһ˳һ֣ҫʡصҵУԴڿеơ
ڿлĻߣȻڰײһ𡣷һŷɿǰһΣĶҷ
Ҵ󾪣ǵصĶҸϽ𣬷䵽ˡ϶ھԡıϡͬʱҵĻ˳š϶ھԡһС
ʱҲ˹ײҵĻ׷ڵϡʧˡ˿һɾ˹Ž⣬һײɽϡɽǹɾ綼Ǿǡͷһﲻ֪ﱼ˳
ͷɽһһ¾춯ءɽҲŵõ˺ü¶˾ֵı顣һͷ˿ҵĻ겿ӶѾȫĳˡɻ󡱵ȥˡҶԡͷУս㳷棬ߣ
һ϶ھԡšɻ󡱷ȥͷһת˹˳㻹ڤܽˡɻ󡱡
ڡɻɱظšͷɽһ׷׷
϶ھԡᳵ·ңһֱȥҲ֪ҪȥҲģȻǵһμ϶ھԡҶĸоͺһͷһֵսѡ
϶ھԡٶȺܿ죬ͷеˡһֱܵͣס˽ŲͼСӳվǻ¬û°ɣ
ҡҡͷû£ֵǶ𣿡˵ͷ˵ˣҶźˣֻҪЩڤˣֵǻЩޣӭͷʹġ
ĵ˵ͷţǳΪࡣ֪ô
˵ݱ棬ʧ˽߰ٸ֡ڤҲʧһǧ
ҵ˵ͷеأɱһǧ˰Ҳġ̾˿սôпġ


ڶʮ 
ҿе˸УЦЦҲʤˡҵ˵ͷԣҲʤǲʤǵҲС
̾˿սʤͻˡҵ˵ͷ˵ǽްæӦÿʤˡ
ЦЦ˵ţЩڤˡ
ʱǵǹͨǹҾͿжϳǾѻǹѻڽжԡڤ͵ϮͷǹһԾԾԡ
Ҷԡͷ˵ȥɣҪʹɵڤӴƵǵĺ߲棬͵Ϯͷ˵ͷĵҡͷβȥˡ
ʱǹܼˣҿʼڲˡ֪Щڤӣʼˡǻûǵ
ֵһǹˡʱвҽһǡͷ͵ϮаЦʱյ˹ؼߺŵġǧﴫ¬Ѿˡɻ󡯵ıϣܲ򵥣ǲҪȥ
˵Ѿˡûʲô͡ڤǾͱˣɣһڤܳȥʱٸһӭͷʹ
ؼߺŶһ£ǲ֪Ϊʲôһİգûжʣֻ˵ǺãţԼСġ
ʱ򣬾ҲԶĵطһǡͷģҲȡͷ١ź˷֪Щ޿ʼжˡ
ҷˡ϶ھԡսķȥ϶ھԡڿնҿԶԶĿսϵ
Ϭһ͵̹˳ֱײ嵽ˡڤĶУҡΣϵĳֻҪǴЩڤǾͻҷ𡣶ЩڤĴ󵶸Ϭ壬ΪϵĽ̫ˡ
ЩðɫġڤǿסϬֻסҲûãϬЩסġڤŵܣͲô
󡱶ٶȿòˡһӰӡϻкףЩ󵶡ǳβֱͣһʱԶڤͣһߣֱӶһ
ڼ׳桱ͦž޴ĽǣһƾһƬȻֱӲȥŷ֡ڼҳ桱ĽźֵһĴ̣һȵϵġڤЩ̣ʹ˽ȥЩڤ۵ֱڼ׳桱ϵĴ̴ţšڼ׳桱ܡʱڼ׳桱ֻϣȫǡڤţšȻҷӿ¡
ܡжȽϹŹ֡ʹţ졣͵صܸߡȻصȥġڤ׮һСԸԶġڤܡͣеһͷͷг׼ȷĵ򡰵ڤͷͷĶȻиÿڡڤĲϣȦǷݣ͵һתڤͷͱҺܾȣһͷͺһѪӡ
ǲûпͷߡӰӣ֪һܵȥˡʱ򣬡ͷҲ֪ĳˣ׷һȺڤܡһЩޣͷԵú˷ܡҲսѵԵʣӵ˷
ЩĻֻҪеڤܣͻῪǹŻ𣬻߸ϻȥЩֱͳˡڤ
ͻȻҷ֡ɻ󡱵зƼʻᣬԭĿУƲܲƲ㷭ţ۳һ޴Ĺͷһ֪ʲô
ţһӰ𣬷ɵ˰У쿪һֻչĴҶһǸӰɽֻ֣Ŷƣһ˦˳ȥһʱĶơЩϮȥЩģЩƺҸղҲƾŻŵסЩơ֪Щǲܵˡ
ģͻȻĶƺħһһӶ䵽˵ϣɽҲһӴӰеȥһ뵽ˡͷߡûһˡһóû뵽ʱˡ
ɽȥҾͿˡȻ䣬ͷߡľŸͷͬʱŸͷΧɽɽмתţ̶
ͻȻɽһתеǸͷͻȻſ˴졣͵ˡͷߡҵһǿеĹͷһŴ죬һҧˡͷߡһͷҷһ˹ȥתۼ䣬ͷߡǸͷֳˡһеĹͷſ͡šͷߡͷҧ˹ȥͷߡľŸͷͻȻ̧ŴſУͬʱ͵
еĹͷͷߡĿʼΣžķˡʱɽһӷɳˡͷߡĿƣٵķ˳ȥһ߷ɣһ߸еҳȥ
ɽԭƴֿġڤһһšʼ׷׵ܡһʼܣһӾˡ
ȻղŶھ޵Ҳͬ顣ɽ˳˵ͱȿֺˡӴܡЩ޵ˣں׷ţٵġڤ׷ϲˡ
ЦЦһܣûôף壬׷򣬰ܵ·ܳȥ˵ͷóһӣúԶǾ
Ȼ˿ʼ˶ִǵǹں׷ţλΧ£˧ˡЩڤҲûš
ЦЦԶ˵ߣſȥŲںšһֱšڡɻ󡱵ıԵЩͣסˡͷߡ˵Ǻܾûгȥˣȥһ°ɣ
ҵ˵ͷͷߡһξŸͷЩ޶ܽ֪Ҫȥʲô
ҿ˿ͷ֪ȥʲô𣿡ͷͷ˿ЩޣȻЦˡҡҡͷӺֺ֪֪
ʱ洫˴ԼĿӰİз衣ЦЦһɽ͹ؼߺŴš϶ھԡ˳ȥȻؼߺźɽݱԣɽѾ·硣Ϊɽ͸սֻߣ޷ȫĹؼߺãݴ͡
Ҷԡ϶ھԡ˵ߣȥæ϶ھԡһӾʹڵɽһͦҫʡɽȥ
ɽ͵ػͷ˶Ƶסҵıʼ⡣ؼߺźٺһЦеĳɽϽһƣס˹ؼߺŵĵдУƽһ
ؼߺŹЦֲǽսȥ㡣


ڶʮ ȫʤ
ؼߺŻӵ磬գۼ˼ʮÿһɽסˣ˶ҲżһʮʡҲɽĶƵסˡҲڴ
ҲɽһﻹеʵϡҺ͹ؼߺּӹ֮£ɻӦǲ򵥡һҲǷƷȻͱǸˡôͻأ
ʱڤĻҲڤǺɽһͲսֻܳȥʱǶ̱ˣڤǸܵУλĴ󵶶Ѿɽһʱײ
ɽ֧ţҺ͹ؼߺһʱҲܰôȻҺܽ͵ۿ˿ؼߺţҲ¶˽ӡôҲˡ
ִ£ǱƵ˻һС϶ھԡ϶ھԡ̻⣬͵ȥؼߺһȥ͵Ϸȥһͷ½ϵĵɽͷȥһͦҫʡϴȥ
ɽһǱУϽҲűСȻĺ˹Ҳ任˷ԺסǱһż鼱֮ǹӵǽѪӵҸϽͳǹ׼ɽһǹɽõӶ㲻ӵһǹɽϱϡ
ɽһˤ˵ϣϵһҲڵϡؼߺŶһЦһ䵽ɽߡֻɽϱ۱ӵһǸȴûѪǶڲϵķŴ󡣺ȼһ
ɽԼ˿ڣһҧһϵĶƺݺݵԼնȥһ˵ֱնˡɽ۵亹ֱǱסһʵ̫뺷ˣҲʵǺϧؼߺŵĵҵġҫʡɽĲϡ
ؼߺùĽгɽѾͶţԶһսߵ˶ţ˵Ҳˡֱһڤ˴󵶡ġڤҲŷ׷˴󵶡һʱ䣬սϴˣλĻһ˸߹һˡ
һսȫʤļɲӸϵʱһжѾˡһң㱱˵ֵܣһ󹦡Цҡҡͷ㱱ʵ⡮ɻ󡯺գΪʲôðգ
ЦЦҲеŮٴżλȥ̽·û뵽ŮУֻýȥӪȣû뵽˼ѡ
㱱һ㶣ѣҲѣ֪ļλҼɺá
ɻ濴һƬƽûʲô֪Щ޸ʲôȥˡͷ˿һתܽСʱͷЩ˳Щ޺ҸռʱһˣȻǸֵӣһɸɾʮֵĹʣʰһ¡
㱱ɿЩޣǴ㵣β˵Щû뵽ֵǻн顣ЦЦһһܸҡȻ㱱˵߰ɣŻӪկ߱˵
㣬ʧǧĻڤһҲûܵǷ²ǧ࣬ʣµȫǻץס˧
صӪկҶʤϲõСؼߺҲûзɾ裬վΧӡ
㱱ɰ˴ʣʵֵܣܶҶŪһҪңһô֪Сڤ䡯ģôڳկڤĶôأ
ЦЦ֮ǰҵһЩʲôҲ֪֪ˣһǻǧۣ˳Ҿǿǧۺ˳֪ߵĶġ
㱱ɻȻλʦǸֻ֣ǿϧһᡣҲ̾˿Ҳˣ˼Ҳ֪ȥ㱱Ҳеϧ
˻ԴʵЩҰת飬㱱˵һ顣㱱ɺǾȣȻģġֵܣȱͱ˵
ҿ˿㱱ɣ˵ͷҪҲû˭˵ֻ㱱ɶѡҶ㱱˵磬ô죿㱱˵ȻǰռƻȥתĹǡСӡ
ҵ˵ͷ㱱˵û˶ƣǿԼ鿴õڡ
ҵ˵ͷСĵóơ㱱һֳ˻档ҽĶŻ档е۽գӰţٶȷɿš
뿴ͺӰǾǿӰһֱܵһڵĵطͻȻһߵ㱱ɵ˵ôе죿
ҵ۾û뿪棬ʵô㵽㱱һ˵ˣǡһ㶣ǣô˵ǣ㱱ɫأпܡҪ뵽С
滹ڼӰһھϡҺƣΪʲôҪϣ²ţӰһһ˦Ȼ˾СҴ󾪣۽գС
ǿھ֪жһֱڵ䣬ʱ򣬻治ˡ
ҿ˿㱱ɣô˴磬ôûˣʱˣ㱱ҡҡͷʱ䵽ˡǿˡ
üͷ磬֪ǿھ𣿡㱱̾˿ǿھ֪ǿھĽءͨ·һеǱˡ𣿡㱱üͷ˵
ҽҧأǷ쵰ɷӣȻƭҡ㱱ɿ˿˵ֵܣȱżҪӳ顣̧˿㱱˵磬Ҫȥǡ
㱱һ㶣漴̾˿˵Ҿ֪һȥġðɣȥ
ʱ򣬶е¬ıȥʿᡣ
Һ㱱˳ȥһֱ˴ʣѾˡǽؼߺ˵ǿᣬоһһսԡ
ҵ˵ͷ͹ؼߺ˵һȡʤǵڶʤһŭһдģķˡҲҪһŵ㡣
ҵ˵ͷ˵Ͱ֮ǰļƻȥҡתҪĹǡؼߺŵ˵ͷҲôġǰ֮ǰļƻǴѹȻȥֱǸС̸ǰӭȥˡҪǲǣͷ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʲôʱߣؼߺ˵ٹһʱͳҵ˵ͷã
ö崫ˡԹؼߺ˵°꣬Ҫȥһǡؼߺţ˵ͷţȥɡռˡתĹǣʣµæ顣
ؼߺŲûҪȥʲôҲǲµˡ
ҸмĿ˹ؼߺһۡ


ڶʮ Ӱ
㱱˹˿˵ʱҺ¬ȥǡǻܿġڻеʱ䣬ҿһǸɽΡ
Һ͹ؼߺŵ˵ͷ˰ɽɽҵķ䣬ʹùһİǰͦ
ڵϣؼߺ˵ɽҲ֪ҪʲôԼ˵˵ɡ
ùһӣɽɽ˿ң˼֣ϡ˵ɽͣ׳ʿϱ֮ܣ˾塣
ɽ̬˼֣˵ܾ֮¡ϱҲǶ䱣֮٣ʲô˾ġ
ЦЦʵҲǲҷ˵ϧԼǷ²ˣҲܻص˰ɣ
ɽͷ̾˿ԣܻȥˣǲʧܵģڤûʧܹûаܵôû˧֣ܵҲͷһ⡣ҾǻȥˣҲǻҷ𡣻ЩǷ²ڤһ
ҵ˵ͷҲµõҲӦΪԺһ¡ɽ̧ͷ˿ʵʲô˼˵ҵ˼㻹ǡߡġµľ棬Ͼͻᵽ磬ҪʼһµνľܣɽΪʲôһʶʱĿأ
ɽͷƺڿҵĻɽ̧ͷǵĿ𣿡ʼ򣺡Ϊʲôԡѵ㻹бĳ·𣿡
ɽ˵ͷãԸ˳¶Цݡɽ˵ӭӭ˵һ³ɽϵķ䡣ɽĹָˡ
ɽмĿһۡ˵лл㡣
ЦҡҡͷǱߵǡ
ɽ˵ʵϾҪˡһεЩͣȻͳˡʲôͣҲ֪ڡڤ硯Żڤ¾Щ¾ʽװȫһġ
ҵ˵ͷнʲô֣ɽ˵ҽ񣡡һ㶣廨ڤ˵ѵʼµĴ񣿡ɽ˵ͷǰҾʼʵµĴЩڤǵһսĵ֣ΪսģԹ̫أͶ̥󶼵ˡڤ硯ˡڤ
ҵ˵ͷѹЩڤսôǿˡʵ֪֪ǵ飿ɽ˿ʵʲô飿˵ͨˮ
ɽ˵˵նǲˮֻǿˮûˮնһȷʵǡ׷ʵǲǱӵеĹ궼ᵽ
ɽҡҡͷǵǡն滹кܶСǹѺҪ˵ĵط
һ˿һˡҾͻа취ȥʵǡҲǹĵط𣿡ɽҡҡͷǵǣܵش˭ǿᣬ˵˵㡣ҽˡǡǺٳġ
ҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱ЦЦҾǴӡǡġɽ˿㱱һۣ˵һǵˡ㱱ЦЦɿ佱ˡӡǡӳȷʵסҲ
ʱ򣬶˽˵˿εʱˡѾ׼ˡҵ˵ͷɽ˵㻹ڤӣЩʬһ𡣡ɽ˵ͷֶԸ־˵Ƕ׽Ҳ໥ѵһ¡־˵ͷ
һ˳ȥؼߺߵҵߣ˵ɵƯǵսЩڤ⡣
ЦЦҲɽʶʱҲЩڤֻ֪ս·ͶԺЩڤƴսˡ
ؼߺЦŵ˵ͷɱġս֮ȻǸ֡
ƺƵǰСڡ϶ھԡϣֻʵҪ谵谵ʵܡڶǼùĶûⷴá
û£óˡҫʡоһ£ԭʹãڣһǹҪúϰһ¡ұȻһеĵáһ󣬰ѱʼŲǰ˿ҷֱʼ⴦Ǻܼил׿ۡ
Һ֣ʲô˼ѵʲôš棿оһ󣬿ûʲôֻˡҫʡʵʱ˹ڲϵġսħơǿġսħơҲҵϡҲǸķҲԺõϡ
ˡսħơħҵбˡŽɫĹâǺǰһûбЦЦֹţ㵹ãҲûбӡҰһͻȻ֣ڽħƵֱĵײȻҲһ飬ơһ㣬ˡҫʡϵ׿ۣѵսħơšڡҫʡϣ
ҸϽְѡҫʡ˳ýһ¡ȻĿš棬ءҫʡĺһǹģġ
Һܸˣû뵽ԺãһСȻһһԵĳ嶯ʱһôֵܡǲ
һͷһ˵ǣ㱱ɡЦЦǰеˡ㱱ҲһЦ˵ǿҪСˣˣ
˵ŷѾ֧ɫǹͷǹһšǹβһɫǹС
Ҳһͦҫʡ̽˺ɫǹСһɫǹûˣֻǹһһڵ÷һŽ⡣
㱱ЦЦãúãһС˵һǹҸϽǹһٻ족ס㱱ǹ
㱱ɵǹҵ˳ȥ㱱Ҳŷȥڿһеĳǹһ˳ֱҵŴ̹
һ㱱ɵǹͷֻе󣬳ǵĺ䡣ڰһת㱱ɵǹ֡һǹָ㱱ɣͬʱѹעˡҫʡ֮ϡұҲ㱱áҫʡ䳤ǡҫʡûб䳤һ⡣ֵͬʱųƵ
˷ģأÿһֶһѴ󴸣ϡ
㱱ȻҲû뵽飬Զ㿪ǵ⡣һ㱱ɵһӶסˣ䵽㱱ɵϣ㱱ɴӰˤȥ
һϽˡҫʡɵ㱱ɵߡס㱱ɣ磬û°ɣҡ㱱վҡҡͷЦ˵û£û¡ֵܣһӺ
ҿ˿㱱ɣȷʵûʲô£˵Ҳû뵽һĺ
㱱ЦЦȷʵ߰ɣˡ


ڶʮ ת
㱱ɺҲУֽһЩǹСҲһ·ġԶԶؿɽĹǡ
㱱ɶ˵ǺġɽɽĹǣתĹǡ
ǺܴôԶԶĿȥΰɽһƬľͷӪկöɽڣסɽͨӦþǡڤפء
Ӫկ濴ȥӰһӷŴˣҿԿӪկкܶġڤЩһҲǣڵⲿ׼ӭСӪһƬĻҡ
˵ЩڤҲҵĺܣΧʱ䳤ˣûеõֿЩиˡҲǵ¡
㱱˵Сǣǲкýġ
ؼߺҲ˹ôʲôս˵Ϊֻ֮ΧϣáޡǣɽȰ˵ֻΧ򡣼ʧġ
ؼߺŵ˵ͷáתͽҺɣ
ҡҡͷ˵ҺʹȥɡָսȻҲҪ𹥣ǵѹؼߺŻȡ㱱˵ãҺ¬Ȱתֱӷɽȥǡˡ
ҵ˵ͷ߻Ҫ鷳㣬׼ӭӻϡߵλϤָá
ؼߺֻõ˵ͷǺãСİɡҺ㱱ɵ˵ͷҶԡ϶ھԡ˵ҪĵĽǣͲˣ㵽ɽǰɡ϶ھԡ˵ͷ˻һ
ȥ˿޺͡ͷԴӴͷһֱһ𡣿ϤӡҶԡͷߡ˵Ҫȥ£Ҳڵʱ򣬾Ǹؼߺŵĺ𣿡ͷߡľŸͷһ˵㡣ʵǺ𣿡ͷߡңȻˣҲޣǰһֱźġҲǺԼźõġ
һȻԭһһֱսѣѹôȡͷߡ˵ϧǺһһ뿪綼ܶˣֻţֻһߡ
ЦЦôֻ˵ͷߡ˵Դ࣬ϲѧѧ˵˰ҵ˵ͷˣҪǸ˵Ļ
ؼߺŲûӪկֱһλ޽ˡʱ¡¡Ļ޵ĺȻ𹥣ȴܺƴҿԿЩڤеˡ
Ҷ㱱˵߰ɣ磬ȥһת㱱ɵ˵ͷߣ
ڿնŹǷȥڷɹڤӪկϿյʱͻȻܶļʸ㱱һЦյҡΣܵһӷӿЩļʸ˻ȥЩڤͷܡǺܿķ˹ȥ
ԽԽԿǽӰڻζԼ˿ЩسǵʿҲǡ׷ǣǿֻš㱱˶Ľе㱱ɣλ¾˾¬ת˵Ȼرܡ
ҿԿЩسǵʿûôˣϾǲǡڤ
˵Ѿ䵽ˣǽ档ЩʿΧסǡĿǡ㱱һͦأֵ˵û˵ģ˵
һߴĹ˳˵Ҫʲô㱱˵ȥת˵㱱ɺ¬
Ǹ꿴˿˵ðɣǲҪҶһҺ㱱ɵ˵ͷǸˡ
Һ㱱վЩسǵʿšҵ㱱˵磬е㲻ףǶôᱻסأ
㱱ЦЦҲ˵䣬ǶɡﲻɲҲҪĹСҲܺķѹġ˵ĻǺһ˵ķҲĹǶ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ôɷҪǸ㱱һ£˵ġɷӱȹ¡̾˿ٶ˵ġ
ʱǸߴĹˡ˵ת롣㱱ɵ˵ͷǽͷǸߴĹ굲ס˵˼λǲܴȥһ·
㱱ɺǲ⣬һҪ쭡һ£˵С̣ҴıҲһ㱱ɺһ˵ʲôҶǸߴĹ˵·
Ǹ˵ͷǰ档һ·϶վĺ롣㱱˵ˣųСһֱ˺ԶǰһƬڹǰ涼ŷǸǴһŷ·ߴĹһ֣һơת˳ȥ
Һ㱱˹һ˿ң·
׺񺺷һ·ĵǲᡣ߳ŷָǸߴĹˡ
ŷһƬܴĿճҸоԼ߽Ͻǡ֪һܺġ㱱ɵ˵ǰɣųеˡѵᳬ𣿡
ЦЦ˼Ǯ¡һֱ߹˹㳡ŵ˴ǰΰһ㶼ĹĴſվλεĳɷĿǡ
㱱ɺһǵС𣿻Żǡͦţȥ
ɭߵǽϵ綹ĵƻ𡣿ûһĸоɷǳĻ谵̧ͷǰǰһѺܴӣһ쳣ߴһ縳ףͷ߹ڣģֻ۾΢΢رţ۾ǡǼһվ׸ߡʹţҲҸߡ
Һ㱱ɶһۣ㱱ɶʩ˸񣬲˵λת
ת۾ֻ۾ô͸ž⣬˿ĺȻϡ
תһ˵Ҿת˭أͳǺ
㱱˵㱱ɡλ¾˾Ҳġߡ¬Ҳתʩ˸
תĿһۡ˵ͷʵǿԳڤİΧȦ˵Ǻҵʲôأ
˵תҲյǸŰɣǸš졯Ĵӡţת˿ң˵ͷǹʵ̫ڤңǴ򲻹ǰ
ЦЦ˵Ǹոմʤ̣һǧڤҷǵ˧ҿҲûôѶԸ
ת۾ĸˣʵ˵ģЦЦôѡŲϢͻᴫġ
ת忿˴ϣ˳˼


ڶʮ ж
㱱ɿתһۡ˵ЩǲʵϾͻӭµˡڿѾбͶϣЧһϡҲʶʱİɣ
ת˿ǣ¶Цݣ˵ʵЦݺѿޡת˵λ¾Ĵʹˣ֪Ҫʲôأ
ҿת˵ͷȻҪ¡ҪЧһϡһҪ򿪳ţӭӻϣҲΪǵĻأԴš
תǣ۾ڵתţȻڷ׵⡣Ҳ˼ʱ䣬˵Ǵ˼ʮĲӡڤֻʮֱ˲١Ҳ²˺ܶġڤѾͶǣΪЧˡ
תӾȣȻ飿ЦЦɲǴţˣʵҲǺһ룬ִ򲻹ӻȥ·һͶô
ת룬ֿ˿ǣ񼸴εķ˸ƺƲҼ˵ϵһҪϴơʱվߣǿԪϣĵλֻ½㲻վߡֻܰ㵱ˡʱ򡭡
תһɴ۾Ц˵λҪżȻ֪ӦôǲżλʹԵ㶫ȵˮƣǱ߳Աġ
㱱ɿ˿ҡҵȻҲϻʲôˮơϼһڳУǻӦȡȻǶǣҲҪܶĴۡҶ㱱ʹ˸ɫ㱱ӣ˵
Ҷת˵ǾͲˣлתʢ顣תЦЦһߵ١ٸеˮƣʹȥԶʱ߽һŹŮжһЩֵĹӺ;ƺǰˮ;ƺŵǵǰǵ˾ƣͬʱȼߵ¯ǵıӵУֻеһˬ
㱱ɶƱصĳ鶯ӣ˵ͷʾǾû⡣ҲĵĺЩҵûҲ֪ǲܳԡ㱱һɫĹӣҧһڣ֭ҺĿڱ˳
㱱ɶЦЦ˵ܺóԡתҲ˵תֹеĹӣҹȷʵܺóԵġ
ҲһһڣȻޱȣ˵ĺóԡҴڵİѹӳԵתǾƣҺ㱱ɺ˼
ͻȻҸое㲻Ծе鵴ģû˸ףҲεģȻʶѣһ˵Ρҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱Ҳʼð麹ˡавãתϻͷҩˡ
תžƣ˵ɽõҰõȪˮƶɵģоʮŵ򣬺ȥꡣνļƷ⡮ҹתֹǶеƷ֣˵ζѬ㣬ļƷ̴ƳɣҲǲɶõĶֻȴһãƷһ𣬾ĶҩôǿķֻҪĹ궼Ӳġ
㱱վƺú޷֧Լ壬ָתߵ˵ϻ쵰㾹Ȼġ
תɫһ䣬ˮһûûСǸʲôޡһҲ˵ǵŻҷɣ
üͷ˶ҵĹǿУֻڱȽϷɢӡһ߻Ļ۹һʵΪʲôô֪𣿡
תһվŷһĸҪ׿⣬̫ˡתͷӸµĿ˵ʲôЩ»ҰҲ͹ԿЩڤʱʧôûгɽһɽˡߣǶʲôҪվǱߣֻƾһӡµżҪҽǣǼֱǳ롣
Цһתڵġתֱͦ˸ߴ壬Ŵ棬˵ǲսʤģô粻ϵ֤ҹֶκħ󷨡ҲϾҪˡ˵һվһߣ
ҡҡͷû뵽㻹ǹʵӵѾ±棬ĲǺ
תֵһļᶨ˵ȻѡȻ㲻ڣѾǵġڤɸ봫ˣֻҪץסǣҾͿɽΧ֮
Ҹеˣвϵתϵ׳ҸоԼĻָˣЩ۵ĶҺҲұƵͷͷɢȥҸеԼָˣûţɱŸղŵӣת
ת˿еǸ˵߳˼ʿźɫ
ҿ˿㱱ɣɫܲ麹ֱ촽šӺܲáת˻֣ЩʿǴ˳ȥ·ϿǸǽĸߴĹ꣬ǵǸӡе֡
ڹߣһСķӣûдֻһȺšҺ㱱ɲӽСҲĹˡ
ڣֲָҵ㱱˵ô㱱ɺݺݵ˵ģǸСӵõˡںܡֵܣûˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǰûʲô飬ҰѶƳȥˡ㱱ɲЦһǺǣСǧ㣬Ҳû뵽Ǹ˵ĻǡĶ㲻ǺܺãĹָߡ
˶˰ϵӡȻ㱱ϵҲϡס㱱ɵ֣ҵĹ㱱ɵС
㱱ɵһ˵ֵܣĹôǿЦЦ˵˵оҵĹѶͷƳȥ㱱ɵ˵ͷ۾˶ҵĹǣ㱱ɵĹʹĹҲۣ̺ܼڻЧ㱱ɵĹҲ׳
㱱ɵĹԼ˶ˣɹЩһֱƵͷİٻѨ㱱ɵͷð˿˿ĺ̡ڽⶾˡҺ㱱ɶ۵ͷ󺹣㱱ЦЦ㰡ֵܡ
ЦЦϢһͳȥתץǵ鱨ˡڤһġ㱱ɵ˵ͷ۾Ҳ۾һùʮ졣ͻȻһ³еץסˣ㣬Ҫһ
Һ㱱ͬʱ۾һۣװήҵӣ̱һߡ
ʱǵűˡڤվ⡣һǽеǸԳơߡļһ
һָָңڤ˽ְһڤ㱱η


ڶʮ תͷ
ҵ棬۾㱱Ǳ߿˿㱱Ҳҡһ˵ͷͻȻһ֣ҵִӺץץҵڤĲӡǸڤһˣһӱסˡ
ҵĹһ£ֻһǸڤĲеĹͷŤˡҲ֮ɿˡŲӿҡȴв
һ߶ǸڤĶϡǸڤƺһ˵ϡҳ磬ץסǸڤֻ֣һֻ첲䴦һţǸڤ˵ϡзҽ
㱱ɵĶҲܿ죬Ҳģ㱱ɻǼҲǸڤƷһߵɵɵĿǣһʱ䲻֪ôźãֱǶˡһܽ˴
ʱǸһʼǽǸߴĹһ˳Ƕ棬űǡ
һסڤ˵ÿҲ˺ǣֻת˵ͶڤһҪ𣿡
ǸߴĹüͷǣֿ˿ŵġڤ˵һ·ʤ̣ˡڤһ𣬾ԿԴǣѵǾ͸ıΧţ
ǸߴĹ꣬˵ˣǵҲ˵ˣϢոմҲܣת׼ûʲôԴܡڤš
ҿ˿ǸߴĹ꣬˵֪뷨ǲԵģϣ԰ǵĶǡ
ǸߴĹ룬óӸǡǵĶ档Һ㱱ְѶϡЩǵĵˡ
ʱ򣬸ߴתźܶˡһĻеξٱҪ췴𣿾ȻǵĶǣ
֪ǸߴĹξٱξٱתתǰ˵ǲܿ򡮵ڤһٲ·ôĶԴأ˼
תһѵҪôϻ࣬Щ˺ııҹǡߡ
ξٱͷڵϣ˵µĽеһƬ൨ġô淴֮⡣ǹ飬һ뻢ıƤ˳Ӧ
תˣʲô൨ģȻ˵߿Ҵҷ𡣡
ξٱһͦ壬в֪ʲôʱ򣬶һֻذףԸ־ϣһԡ
תһ˵ξٱһҧذ״̽ؿڡξٱһ롮ڤΪ鰡žͻҷˡ
һз̫죬ҲֹֻۿξٱԾתһᣬ˿ûΪξٱݡҿϼһ˳ԳˡصҪͶˡ
һХץڤһ˦˳ȥ˦˹ǣɽ¹ȥҲͬʱóˡҫʡתȥתһߴȥߵĵ˹
ҽе˵ŻӶеġҫʡѵǰһһɣЩˣһߣתֵĴУݣݣ
ʱ㱱ҲˤСڤתת͵رǣץǡҺ㱱һ𶶳˸ǹֱתģû뵽תϣȻֻ۾ǵǹ⻹ûеģйֻ۾ͻȻ˽⡣Ϯ
⧲˽⡣һǰһ䵽˵ϡתٺЦҺ㱱һ˻壬˵Ҳ˵ȥתӶ֣н
ҲٿӶСҫʡҲһ⣬ת㱱ɷɵԶǹúܳתţһʱ䣬òֺתͦһʱҲռϷ硣Ϊǲûҷ
ҳóһš׼ת̴ȥתôߣһȡû̡ȻЧת⧲û뵽һ÷䡣ûж㿪һȼ
𣬶ת˵ǻġתҵĴֻϵĽҲٷһǹ⣬תĲϡ˵ͷɣȻŪ㡣תңͷ
ҴһˮתϵĻתѾû˸ղŵ񶼰˵Ĺͷɥġ㱱ɿһۣѯӦô죿
Ҳе㷸ѣȻתǷǲ֪ϼһ᲻ֳʲôҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱ɺһת˵ּЧһϡȻѹǵָȨǡ
תһĲԸ㱱ɺһ㺦ǣѾǿˡ㲻Ը⣬ֻó㡣ȡ֮
ת¶˾ɫóһ䣬תĺ֮ϣȫĹˡǷſת˵²˳٣ϰ졣ĴеĲӶټ
ת˵ͷ˴ǵת߽˴СصŴϡҺ㱱վߡ洫Ĺʱ㳡Ķʿ
תվ˵ѾתȫЧ¾һˣ¾ʹ¬ȫȨǵҵвߣɱ⣡
תȥԶʿش𣺡ּ⡣
ҿ˿㱱һۣһɳ˴˵棬ľӡ˶˵ʿǣǱΧ̫ˡǶսʿԸ𣿡
Ⱥ鼤ܣԸ⡣Ҽ˵ãҾ¾ĸ˾֮ǰɻ˼ǧġڤַ²˼ǧġڤԡڤսʤƨǾǿսʤǡ
ʿǸӼΪϢѾ֪ˣֻǺܶ˲šڴҵĿ˵ȻֵŷġҺ㱱ɸղӳȥڤܶʿˡʱҺ㱱Ѿս
֣ʾǰҼ˵ҵĴѾ棬ġڤΧסˡֻҪǹȥǰлǾͿЩڤǵĹҲͻָˡ
ʿеȥȥ춯أҲѪڡó˷ֽáǧﴫ͹ؼߺ˵Ѿ㶨ˡʱԿǹȥ
ؼߺŴЦ͵Ϣأһ㿴ɢŹǡ
Ҷʿ˵Ѿ׼һСɢ֣ǾͿŹȥЩڤ


ڶʮ 
Ҹ߸ߵķ𣬴һڣ϶ھԡڿУҿˡ϶ھԡóˡҫʡɽµķ
ʱɢˡڻ谵ųһĻǵĳŴ󿪣ʿɽ³ȥڤǱߵӪկҲܼǹ޵ĺŽ
һ϶ھԡɵ˶ǰ档㱱ҲͦǹظңȵɱˡڤӪկֻǹһŽ⣬һźڹ⡣ңЩҵġڤûһ֮
ʿҲǺӶеıšڤ͹ԭǾµġڤһ㶼ˡ١ڤǵĵ¡ʱǿޡͷǰ棬Щڤ˵ͷֱجΡ
ЩǵʿҲͷĴ򷨾ˡҿ˹ؼߺţ޵ĺ棬Ҳʿˣеĳܲ͸磬ЩڤܶҲĵһ顣Щڤɽһ̺ܿˣַ˲ٵġڤ׵߽˰ΧŹǵĵڤ
һ£Ѹ־ɽĲ˳ӪկУʣµ˺ƺƵĿתֹǡеľеӭǣóصơ
Һ͹ؼߺŴ˸к͵͵ĴӻĹȺߣӹǵĺɽ
ڸ߸ߵɽϿԿתֹǵһƬڣףءЦЦıЩڤ̫ˡ
㱱ҡҡͷתĹҲף֪ΪʲôǲҷЦЦʮһͷˡԸⷴҲ޷뱣ʵǶ̫˽ˡ
ҵ˵ͷҲãǹҲáǺ˽ġʮʮָһأŹˣ˼ɺܶࡣôҲ˵һǣҲ֮ˡ
һ㱱ɣ㱱Ҳˡ϶ھԡǶ˹һ϶ھԡɿķ˳ȥԼҪʡһЩ
Ƿɽһ󽭵ıϣеˮǺɫģţǰȥ㱱˵ˮܳģŽߣܿͻᵽǵġ
ҵ˵ͷ϶ھԡšˮУڴ󽭵תǴ뿪˴󽭡϶ھԡɵһڵĵطںڴľͷһܴĳǴΡŽգǽأȻеƾɣ͸ɭϡϹһӣдǡ֣Ѿˡ͸һɪ
㱱˵ǡšӦšϡţǸţʱǴܳġڳǽǱһ
е֣Ǵ磬Ϊʲôɳأ㱱ҡҡͷŵµġ硯һ确ǡϼѡ
ʵǡ硯Ƶ𣿡㱱ҡҡͷУƳҲƳЩһһָˡ˵硯ֻеزƳֻίֵˣǿҪ궴ȥˡ
룺궴⣬ǸǿǻǴŽȥ㿴Ρ㱱˵ҲаǱҺŵģŽȥе鷳ɡ
ЦЦǸҪֱӽȥ췭ظȻõ
㱱ɵ˵ͷеҲûʲôʲôû֣ҲҶزصġʱһӲùЩҲǣסҲǹĳһģԳһϵñǣǱǡ
ҵ˵ͷɣߡһˡ϶ھԡ䵽һšţҲ͡ǡҡĳſڹŻƵĹ⣬һ㱡
¡϶ھԡá϶ھԡˣվڳſڣ濴š㱱ֵ˵԰Ӧ˵ģҳǴŵİôûˣ
ߵǰƿ˳šһ̶űƿˡ㱱ɸ֣û˭ذô£
˵ˣǽȥ˵ɡ㱱ɵ˵ͷ߽ˡǡ
澲ˣҲǻڵһƬҪһЩҲֲָһžһܿĽֵǽϾĵģʲôûСֻߵӣԵúǳ¾ɡ
һţھпĻ档һǡӦߵ֡Ҷ㱱˵ǿ߰ɣ㱱ɻһĺɣֹţôôأе㲻Ծ
˵ˣҲ벻סҲǰ룬ҵǸ˵ɡ㱱ɵ˵ͷ˵ҿɲ֪ǸնҪ˭ʣЩ궼ȥˣ
˵ƾҵļҰɣҲʱˡ˵ʩչǰȥ㱱Ҳʩչĸˡ
·ֱֿûоͷһǰ˲·ҼĻžеĻ棬ǲǵʾ·
㱱˵Ǿ;пΣһġƾĻ滹ǲеġҿҪ˭ʡ
Ҳû취ֻõ˵ͷ㱱תһСӡ㱱ǰ˵ܶļһﶼ档ʵʲô㱱̾˿ģ۸档ҲڶƷĶĹֶ֡
ҵǲ棬Щ궼˱ãЩҲҲ˺ģʵǡ֡ʲôӵģ
㱱˵ССһɫҪ棬ˮУͻᷢɫ壬Щɫ壬Ҿ˵Ǵ˵ġ
룬ͻȻе֡Ϊʲô֡ǴأѵҲɷйϵ
û㱱ɻعͷʵôˣô˵ˣҡҡͷûʲôֻ뵽һЩ顣磬Ҳйӣ
㱱ͣһССţ㱱߽ϳһꡣ
ҿ˿ǸݵֻʣƤˣֻ۾Ŀǡ㱱ɽе̹̹ҡ
̹Ŀ˿㱱ɣ¶һ˿ɣһץס㱱ɣɸ磬֡ҡ֡㱱һ˦֣Ƕ㣬Ĺأôһ
ֶ̹ѵ˵ϣ˵Ƕȥˣ˵ǱкöҲȥ߲
ʵ磬ʲôط㱱˵ҵ֪ʱҴܣӡںи㵽ġ
ҵ˵ͷ㱱ֶ̹˵֪նʲôط𣿡̹ҡҡͷĽأͨģҿɲȥ֪֪Ҫȥаɣʲôܴ
㱱ʵΪʲôûС̹һ󣬲˵֪Щʲô¶ˣֻľ֣ǹ궼ȥ


ڶʮ 
㱱ɿ˿ҡ˵û£ʱа취ġ㱱ɲǵĵ˵ͷ˵ҵǲôȥֻǵЩΪʲôˡǿһǾְصġΪʲôҪأ
ҵȻҲ֪˵ˣȥаɡ㱱ɵ˵ͷ̹ץ㱱ɵĿţɸ磬㵽УŪ㡮֡ɣܲˡ
㱱ҡҡͷ߿ˡĿ꣬ӿٶȣ㱱һţһ߶˵Щһﳹ׵Ķ䣬ģͶ̥Ͷˡ˵ǡ
Ҳ̾˿Ҳ֪ӦÿЩ˻ǺЩˡ
һǰһͦĿճܶǵͰķӣճкܶĹꡣ㱱ֹһԭ˽ȥ
Ĺ곤ö׶񡣺ܶĹֲֻһʲô㱱ɵ˵Щġ˵ʲô򣿡㱱ЦЦʲôĶУܶ벻Ķ벻ôﲻǮ
ҵ˵ͷϸĿ˿Ȼйڽסʱһӵ궼ʼǱ߾ۼ㱱һ£ߣҲȥ
ǸЩ굽ĵطֻмһִɷĹꡣϻһֳİԭͳª˵ӿֲֻ˵źظһеС֡ܶ࡮֡Ҫ۾ֻҪ۾ҽҾ͸ʮġ֡
Ļ䣬Щ궼Ѿм˳ȥĽеҪҪ
ǸɷĹеվţһһʱ򣬺ֳ꣬һһ裬һһҪ֡߹ȥٳ۾ŵǸŰĹ͸һСӦþǡ֡
һС֡ЩǸӼˣǰȥкݵģԼֻ۾ٳŵ档žˡ
ͻȻȺһ룬׳ĹͻȻ˳ȥǸŰĹİȫǡ֡ǸŰĹһҲ˵һѴ󵶣ͶüꡣǸɷĹ꿴ˣҲһץסһҪĹ꣬һ˦ץסǹȣһӰǸ˺롣Ǹҷˡ
һٶʵǺ£еĹ궼ˣƿ࣬ǼģҲŰĹ꿳Ļɢˡ
ɷĹйеǡ֡ǻ֪㣬˭⼸³Ҫվš
ѧˣʵվšʱǸװ۾Ȼûܼ־֢ô۾һ𣬿˺ܲҵ㱱˵ΪʲôҪô۾
㱱üͷƺҲ£һŵ˵ʲô
Ҳ⣺ʲô㱱˵ַֻã۷Щ۾ȥ˷֮󣬾ͺһͷŵֻҪǿĶʾߵУͺԿһ
ҵ˵ͷЩһﵽҪʲôأҪô۾
ʱǸɷļһеûˣġ֡ûˡɣվŵĹǷ˲ĵǸɷļһһ۾Щ궼֨ˡĬĬɢˡʱºʹԵЩûеõ֡ļһ￪ʼЩõ֡ĹꡣһʱУһš
㱱ɵ˵֮ǰкУûôšûһĿŵˡҵ˵ͷѹ͵˶ϡһԶǸɷĹŴ۾Ĺ˵ˣ
ٶ

ࡣ
ţǸϽȥɡǱ߻أЩ۾ûʲôԽӽնˡ
ˡնһ˾ҪߣֻҪҲˡҸϽ㱱һ£ߣ磬Ǹ۾ĹҪߡҪȥն
㱱һҲ˾񡣸ҼȺ߳˺С
˺Уӿ˲ǸŴĹ꣬Ѵ趥ͷϡȻȵһ㶼ҡΡһתС˴·ٶȸˡ
⵹ѲҺ㱱ɣǵٶһ㶼Ҹֻ̫ԶԶĵš
һֱ˺һһǰ棬һʧˡǸϽ׷ȥһ·ڡһһˡǸϽӿ˲ͻȻǰһΣǰǸɷļһ˵ҵץȥ
Ȼ⧲ҲսǸʼǱŵġ͵ͣס壬ʹһСβ֡һӵסǸ֡ǸȻҵġβ֡ҲǳصġǡаʽеרŶԸаġ
ҵס֣һšתתһСβݺݵǸɷĹĶϡһ¸ݣǼһƺһ˳ȥ
㱱ǱĸղűŰĹ꣬Ҳǲз˵һ㱱ûж㿪һУֻƼסǰѵһŤǰѵȻǸе
㱱ɷ𣬰˼ţǸؿڣǹҲ˳ȥ
Һ㱱ͬʱǰȥץסꡣǸŴĹȴ֪ˡ
סǸɷļһʵҪȥǸһﱻҷ˫֣ڵϣȴӲúܣһƲ˵㱱ʹ˸ɫһĲϣǸһӻ赹ˡ
վ㱱ɵߣһǸõĹꡣͳһŷ䡣˵ҿãܡ
Ǹ꿴˷䣬¶˾ɫЦЦʲô˵ʲôҷѾ
Ǹ꣬εĵ˵ͷʵ˭Ǹ˵Ǹ𿴹ܡնġһ㶣ʵǹ˭ܣǹ˵ɷӵ¡
ҿ˿㱱ɣֿ˿ǹ˵Ҫô۾ʲôǹ˵ɷӵǿáնҲȥʱ䳤취á۷
ҵ˵ͷն˭ǹ˵ǰкܶ࣬롮ˣֻһŮɷӵ˵ҪҪǿΡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȥնǹ꿴˿赹һߵĹ꣬üͷ㱱һ֣ǹͷУһǸʺǸɷĹҷˡƺһǸܡ
㱱˵ؿ˰ɣ
Ǹ˵ͷ


ʮ ȵ
˺ܾãһʯͷƷǰ棬Ʒһʯͷӡǹ˵Ǿס档ǸŴҲӦ档
һû˵㱱Ѿȥһ죬֮㱱һ˳
㱱ɰǸŪˣǵǰҺһ㵽ʱݵģˡǹ̾˿ôҲǵ䡮նһ죬ǲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͻᱻȥ֮ǰĺܶ궼˽ȥˡ
ҵ˵ͷǡնǸָָǸƷ˵档Ҳҽȥˡǻǡ
ҿ˿Ǳ߶㱱˵磬ԼȥŰɡ㱱һüͷУҺһȥ
ҡҡͷ磬н졣ѾǱ۵ˡΪ˾ţˡ滹кܶĴҪԴΪء˵Ҳǹ꣬Ԫ롮һҡİɡ
㱱ɻе㲻ģǣҡִ㱱ɻ˵ˣ磬ѾˡҰɡ
˵꣬תƷȥ㱱еСİɡֵܡҵ
߽¥棬һСԺӣԺӵĽҿһ̨һεľڡھ;пһġǸڡ
ߵڱϣ濴ȥˡǧۡȻף治һƬۣ֪жٳ룬һȥ
ҿƹԼ建䡣һƬڣ֪ΪʲôǸо鵴ûס̧ͷϿȥľѾˡ¿ͻȻлɫĹðһ£ʲô
ţͻȻо洫һɺܴ⧲һµתͷ½ϡֱȥһңǡȻҸղ˵Ԫ񣬡ңҵҲûס
ҸϽ˶ס塣ǹǾ޴ҸƲҵ塣ʱҸӾ塣Ҽǣͳˡҫʡ׼ǰһҫʡݺݵز˶ڱϡҵҲ֮ͣˡǹɾ޴ҲȻͣסˡץšҫʡ棬һ
Ҹһɽһ⧲Ź·ȥҫʡҲҵ֡ûһĽ֮ĸˡ
Ҵ󾪣ȥȲһԶҲȥˡ鼱֮£˽һзŴһٽݺݵĲ򶴱ߵʯڡûʯڣҵͣסˡǹûͣסȻ䱾һƬհףֻץס
ĺǹԿϴ𶯣ȻʼĴʯϻҴ󾪣Ȼؼʱ̳顣ĬĬҪۿŽһĻ䣬һĴʯϳдУҪҪ
ʱһĹûã֪Ӧôźáǽ첻Ӧеصز顣䡣ˣҵñֱˣܡͻȻ洫һȻĴʯ뿪ˡҵٵµ䡣
аУ군ˣҪˡ
ʱ٣ԼǸȲԺҲˡ
ţҵĹʵ˷зëԻҡ¿˿ȻĿڣ﷢Żƹ⣬ƺӿ֪ǡڡ
ҵʱͻȻоŵĽڻζҷҵֻѾ뵽ˡʱ򣬽ҫ۵Ľ⡣һӽ洫˳ȥ
ȻڣǽϵҺͽΪһ壬һֱϳȥдϲؼʱ̻ǽҡ
ϷȥŷͻȻת䣬һСֱ˽ȥյͨҿľͷһΧΧһֱҴ档
ϵʧˣҲˡҲ䵽˵ϣ۾ŷڽһˡĻǡһˣܹȥһѱס
ȴûʲôӦұšҿĵᣬּˣΪҲҵĻС
ұֱˣſ˿񵭣ôǿҵֻ۾İһ˻ҰϹ¬
˿ңüͷҡҡͷҲʶ㰡
нôˣô᲻ʶأϹ¬Ǹ顣
һԼ侲Ϊ֮ƣȾȥ˵뵽˵Ҵȥסܷʲôסҵ֣Ҫɿ
ҵȻİȴץסҵ֡Ҵ˳ȥӲ˳ȥһֱɵһҧ˳ȥǹɾ޴ѾûˡҲҵģɿϷȥһֱɳˡնһ˳ȥ
㱱תȦһżӣ˳ȥϽӭһסңֵܣǳˣղģ浣㡣˵ֿ˿ߵЦ˵̫ˣȳ˵ã̫ˡãð
һ񾲶İı飬˿㱱ɡ˵磬֪Ϊʲôʶˡ㱱üͷ˵ֵܣĺˡˡѾǵˡ
һüͷô죬ô
㱱̾˿ⲻˣֲǶֵܣǵԵѾˡھͬİ·õĳ·ϽȥͶ̥ҲǻûԵһˡ
ҲԸţ˵ǲ˵ԵΪʲôֻһˡ㱱ҡҡͷֵܣԵⶫ㿴ɣ͵Ͷ̥ǲϲߡ
ҺʹҲ֪㱱˵ǶԵģ˻ҪΪĸоԲܹôѵҪһӷޡȻԸ⣬ǻбǣҰҲǵС˼
Ҳᣬ˵ͷ㱱˵ˣ磬߰ɣȥͶ̥㱱ҵļ򣺡Ϊ˺ֵܣƵľء°ɣȥͶ̥ˣõģʱû˿ҪЮˡ
Ȼĵ˵ͷһȥ
ҵߣɽ߬ҵ֣뿪Ƶá
ҵһů


ʮһ 
һֱߵ˴ǰһ·ղһúܳȴú̡ܶΪˡǡҾҪˡ
ǳɴţ˳ȥǵ˳֮⣬ֻһ㱱ȴ֪ȥˡһϽ˻ȥֻ㱱ڵϣӺʹࡣҸϽ߹ȥǷ
ʵôˣ㱱ɻ˻ԴУĽ磬Һǹ꣬ȥġ
£㱱˵磬ҪǴϴγĵطߣ㱱ɵ˵ͷҲֻһˡ
㱱ɴǵһǽ£óԼǹڵһھ򣬲ʱһڳǽ¡㱱˵ȹȥһԡ˵λζ˶СǸһȥһˤ˵ϡ
ҸϽַ㱱ɡ㱱˵Ҳн磬Ĳаǳȥˡ
ҿ˿п˿㱱ɣ̧ͷ˿ġ硱һʱ䲻֪Ӧôźáó˺๭ͽҲԶǡ硱
Ҵϼ˳ȥңǲûнţɳ˺ԶתһȦصҵСǡ硱ҵĽһûáҲܰǴȥҲа
˵ϣ㱱ɱأҲеˣҵߡҲ˵ĬĬҵߣץסҵ֡
˰ҲûʲôҪǸ̹˵ģֻҵ˵زܽ⿪硱ȥҵزأֻֻܵЩİ취Щֲ֪ȥʲôˣʲôʱ֪Ҫҳʱ䣿
ҿ˿㱱ɣ㱱ҲһĪչӣҲûʲô취룬óһŷֽ͹ؼߺǧﴫʲô취
ҶԹؼߺ˵ڡǡˡѾȵ⡮ǡûֻˡ硯ҵǿԳȥܳʲô취ƳǸ硯
ؼߺŽ˵ԣǧҪƻǸ硯ĸ硯ҪסǡЩ꣬ҪҪס֮ȻҪǹҲǲеġ
˵ҲƻûǸô죿ûʲôð취ؼߺ˵𼱣Ϣһ£롣˵Ǻðɣ룬Һ綼ûа취ˡǱô
ؼߺ˵ѾˡѾʼ仯ˡкüѾЧˡҲ׼ϳĹˡϢҲУˡ׵ĳˣ¿ڤҲ׼ˡʱһӲ̡ϣǳ֮ǰԶ¼ǡ
˵ߵҲˣֻҪˡǡǺܿͻȥˡ
ؼߺ˵𼱣취
͹ؼߺ˵˻Ҿõ㣬ûôżˣҲùµˡҿ˿㱱ɣûʲôɣ㱱ҡҡͷûˡ硯ͦϣؼߺǿ뵽뵽취
ţܹܶĹ꣬߷ܡǸϽվ㵽һߡǼѾ˹ֱŴǱ˹ȥһǰһǼһҽУ˳ȥ
ִܶĹ׷ϸһЩˤĹ꣬ȱ۾ġôˣЩȱ۾ľǻ֡Щ꣬ЩһֳɵĹꡣ
ȻĹ˵ЩˤĹЩصĹţǺĹְܶ࣬˽ŵǸûлֵĻᡣ
һСɢˣ֡ŪõǣЩӷſڵʱһաЩĹȻǲġӵЩǡ֡Ĺ׷ȥˡ
һ߿ţҡҡͷЩһΪЩ˵ĶѾˡʱҷֵϻһɫСҩ衣߹ȥʰ㱱ЦЦǡ֡
ҩ裬յ˱ᡣǹζϤǡյơ͡ѲݡϡɹǡƳɵġû뵽ֶҲù񫡣
㱱ɴյʵôⶫҵ˵ͷȻ㻹ǵʱǿЩҩ𣿡㱱˵ͷǵá
ҵ˵ͷвҩϡɹǡƳɵġ㱱̻⣺ΪʲôôЩˡҵ˵ͷһжɷйϵ
㱱üͷɷӵ泤һﵽҪʲô˵ҪȨҪȨһͳ硣
㱱ɺһǺܿ¡ǡ
ʱҾҵЩ˿Ŵ·һߡڴ·ſһꡣ㱱Ҳǿŵĵطȥ˵ϣ̹Сͦסˡ˵ùġ֡˵ɡ
ҵ˵ͷ㱱һ˹ȥ㱱ɰѡ֡ݸ̹̹һӾֽӹˡ֡ӿڴóһװˮСƿӡ˸ӣѡ֡˽ȥһð˳̹Ű̡һı顣
ֱѰˣɫҲ˲٣㱱˵лл㰡ɸ磬һ㱱ҡҡͷܾ㼸Σáһ㻹ӣ
̹ЦЦùҹһһɡٺ٣㱱ҡҡͷ
̹˿Һʵɸ磬˭㱱˵ҵֵܺӡҪǡûа취
̹ҡҡͷʲô취֪Щһʲô¡Ȼ뿪ġǵġ硯еһɵġһֵ򲻿ֻҵز
һⲻǸȥҵزأ㱱˵ʵڲУֵͳȥɣﱣãұ֤˿Ϊв㡣
ȷʵǸ취İ취򲻵ǲġǵڹؼߺҲû취Ҳ֪Ӧô
ҸеƣóˡҫʡŰһӣһ⣬ġ硱
䵽ˡ硱棬ȻγһɫԶ㣬ԽԽ󡣽žȻʷ״ӿˡ
һܰǡ硱ôѵҫʡͿԡ硱ơе㲻š
Ƿ״ĽԽԽ󡣶ҲϵԶšֻƬͷһˣڻ谵ġǡ棬ĽߣǺ
㱱˵ֵܣô£ǲѽˣҵܸӣҲìܡҺ㱱ɺȥҲ磬Ļ»⣬Ҳ֪ô£֪硱ǲĳˡĵǡ


ʮ ز
̧ͷ棬춼ǽ⡣Ǻһڲûб鷢㱱ɵҲе㵣ǣĽ⡣˵ҸоҵҡΣҿ˿ҵֵ˵Ư
Ŀ㲻ʶңΪʲôץңôãȻҡҡͷҲֻ֪Ǿץݰȫ
治ζҲ֪˵ʲôźá˿ҫʡ֪ΪʲôһͻȻô͵šҫʡ滹Сսħơأѵ
ҰѽšµĿšͻȻ淢ҫ۵Ľ⣬һľģŽķ˳˳ƵҲ֪ʲôһƽǸҲʧˣֻǸеġ
㱱ɺҲȵĿһУҲԳƽǡ˽硣Ҹ֣⾿ô¡ͻȻеĽħҵ֣ȥ
㱱˵ô£ǲҪ硯ҪҪüͷ˵ԣħǷҵıģһʲô顣
ħͬʱתľĴӽħз˳ɳľĺһשͷڰзţƴӳһ޴һ̨ӣ̨ҲתţĽ⡣
һж̫ˣĿתĿЩǸתٶȼӿһķǽʵ̫ҫˡҸӡƣ˭أ
ţͻȻгǿ󣺡ôˣѶǵˣһӾˣǿôôһʱҼ˵
ֻǸķϵĽʧһһϮµɮվ棬ɮ䵽ǵǰǲǿƽʱǿеӣȻǳǲ֪Ϊʲôһе¸ɮ
˹ȥһѱסǿֵܣҺңôǿֺʮʩһ񣺡¬㻹ðɣҵ˵ͷããȻáأǿЦЦҲܺá㱱һ߲ʵǣ
˵Ǹֵǿˣ㱱ҡҡͷųɲһɮˣҪǲµûӦǵز
һȵĿǿǿֺʮ㱱Ҳʩ˸˵Ȼ
ҸӾˣǵزǿ˵ͷڻˣҵ磬ǲ̿սңǳȥѰӭӸλҪµҲûˡǿǵزأزؾǿлл¬㻯ңҰҵ˽
Һð˵ȻҲһȻǿǵزһ԰Ǹ̰ԣ̰ȵǿ͵زϵһڿŵزƽҾȻ棬ûһ㱯ˡ
ǿ˿˵ҰɣʹȥͶ̥ǸϽȥսѾʼˣڡҰ»ȥǵġһսҪֻҪͻƽ硣
˵ţزһ֣ǰһΣѾվǵ档زҵ˵ͷ˵ҴˣҰƵߣɽץңоȻԳ˲ᡣȻѾǰһУлһݰ
вᣬˮתҲò֣֡ţĸˣҪȥͶ̥ˡԵټɿҵ֣ظ˵ĻԵټ
زһ֣һزһʧˡҵһӱÿġվ﷢һ㱱ңֵ߰ܣȥսˡ
һع˿㱱ɣЦЦ˵ԣȥսҴһڣ϶ھԡɫһĳǰҺ㱱ɷšȥ
һ·Ϸ۵糸㱱ں棬˵ԭһֱһսֵܣǵزǵʤ˺ܶࡣ
ҿЦһ£Դ֪زߵʱҾͲû뵽Ȼˡʱû룬û뵽Сˡ
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ҡҡͷҲ֪˵˵һ룬һ룬Ҳ֪ʲô˼֪ġ
㱱ɵ˵ͷɷӵô˵֣֮ǰ˷ʡ
㱱ʵʣʲôʣ˵֮ǰɷĹвңҺ͹ؼߺŻлϣһƾͼơװûϺҩˮȻװƣͻġʣµֻܵʱ˵ˡʱ˴һ
㱱üͷô˵Ǿ˵Ǵݾˡɷӿ»ᶴǵļƲߡ
ҵ˵ͷܣҲûбİ취磬ǰ˵ʱһܾˡ
㱱ɲ޵ǣνǹ׶㰵ѷǻҪ߻δѣԲȫ
ҵ˵ͷҾõİ취Źܹ͹ǾġҲԱѪС
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ҵ˵ͷʱ򡰹϶ھԡͣסˣҷվһɽ֮ϡȥһƽôһƬƽԭǰƽԭ֮ϣĶ飬פկ
˵г˶֮ơⳡѴˡ˶ˡǧۡŹӪկţӪկеġڤȻ֮ǰĲһ㣬µľµĿףŵҲִͷҲ֮ǰĲһǣڤӵĺ棬кܶĴڡûеġ
üͷ˵ãǵװʵ̫ˡƽԭսǿ²а㱱ɿҵҲ޵ġҸϽó˷ֽ͹ؼߺǧﴫ
ؼߺҵĺкǽǻ취ǻûͷ
˵ˣѾˣǿǵزѾλˣԺͻعǡ
ؼߺŵܸˣǸ̫ˡ
˵Ǿڡϵĸɽ֮ϣҿǱߵӪصУڣƽԭǿ»سԿ
ؼߺŵǲż˵ڻܿսǵͻûаںãЩֻͷӣǵĲҲûȫںӪϰɡȻо
ҵ˵ͷãȥϣԡ
Һ㱱ɴ߶϶ھԡӸɽ֮Ϸȥ


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϶ھԡķɽɽһֱɵƽԭľͷڲӵĺԶĵطҿĹ͸˭ˡɽŲ֮Ųˡ
ǰӪһһŮ٣λһǣЩʬǡҺ㱱š϶ھԡ䵽мһĻЩλ˾ˣӭ˾
ͻȻеһԺͷͦص߻˻֡
ʽܴӹƮ˳£Ҳ緢ﵣӭ
ҲϽӭȥʽЦŶ˵¬ˣʵ̫ˡôĹͣһֱ߶أڻˡ
ҲЦЦҹˡҸһ£λҵĴ磬㱱ɡ
㱱ɺ͵ʽ໥ʩ񣬺˼䡣¶ϧ֮顣˵˼䣬ʽ˵λɣϻء
ǵ˵ͷ߽˹վмĸ̨֮ϡĿ⾼Ŀ߽ȥһǣЦЦ¬ˣһֱأ
ҸϽʩ񣺡ûϵˣǲ˼ЦǱͲһʱˣðǵ˵һ師ϬΪǵ춨ι̵Ļҷǳл㡣
˵ˡⲻһ˵ĹͣǴҵĹֻ͡Ҹ£˻ϣҪһ£λҵĴ磬㱱
㱱ɸϽʩµĿ˿㱱ɣ˵ͷ˵㱱һȻ鴫֮ǰȻûм㣬ǿ˵Ĳӣ龫֪ƽ֮쿴ˣ䲁֮ҡֵһ
㱱˵ԭЧһϣϹѡЦãҡ޾ͷΪ߼ıȴ󹦸ɣз͡㱱ЦЦл¡
һţЩ顣֪֮㱱ɻҪ죬ֺҲġЦ˵ǹϲˣ
صϡʵΪβתĹ򣬺οܵһתֹȻǸǽ񣬿ǳ¾ɲһס˵ǴսҲԶսҲЩ
ҵ˵ͷ⵹ҲǣϣҸղɽҷֹǱߵװ£ͣھкܶ࣬ƽԭսǺܳԿġ
˵㣺ؼߺҲ˵аţϾͻд͹
һ㶣˭֧ԮЦЦ˵¬಻زġԻаŵġݹؼߺŵ鱨ǱߵҲûгװڿǻʱ䡣ҹųս񣬽ľ浶ǹĶսǲսǲᶯֵġ
ҿЩĪ죬Ҳûʲô취˵˲ҲģҲûа취׷ʡ˵һϢҪ߻ϡ
쿴˿˵¬뽲˵֮ǰȥˡǡ˵ززѾλˡһվ۾˵ģ
ҵ˵ͷزǸǿתõ˽Ѿλ֮ǡ
ЦҲҲؿʱ˺ͶռˣҾʤҾʤ
ҿӣɷӵ飬֪ɷûʲôŵ֮ϹӲܶʡֻİѵߵĻȥ
ֺһǲ˳˹档
ʽվ棬ƺڵǡǳˣ˹ƺлҪ˵ǿ˿㱱ɣȴû˵
˵ҹϣ㱱ҵĴ磬Լˣл˵޷ʽ˵ȷʵлҪ˵ҾûһӶǹֵֹģһҷ޹һӰҲ֪˭ҡ
˵ŵʽָָ˵Ͳ֪˭˹ģڻϵıһиڰ
ҵ˵ͷ뵽ɷӣҪ˵ͣ԰ĹᵽģҲ벻бˡϵشҲܺ͵ʽ˵ֻЦЦ˵죬Ȼи˰ҵҹҲҪ̫ġϾʲô¡
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˵ʱ֪ģһϢزλˣİɣ컹кܶĸæġ
ʽϲɫͷ˵ǸϢϢ˵԰Ǳûϣɡ
ʽ˼ĵ˵ͷؿһۡתˡ
㱱ɿ˿ʽܣ˵ôõʽеֵֹģźֵУ
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һʱҵҲŪúҡ
Һ㱱ˡ϶ھԡɵǰӪ֮Сؼߺӭ˳һסң㻹ðɣ
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ؼߺŵ˵ϸĪ⣬Ǻ֮ˣ˵а跹һа취ϾǶϷǻΪáвáԸЩڡһǱ⣬ǻжԸ֮ߡ
ҵ˵ͷ֪аţԸꡣ
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ЦЦǾǳ嶯վˡǺǣҲǸ֪Ĳʲôʱ԰أ
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ҵ˵ͷԹؼߺ˵ûп֮ǰȡһЩֶأȻûӪȣǲǿΪǿأ
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ҵ˵ͷǾһƴΣһ֮Ϳƶˡֻǲ֪ʲôʱԿս
ؼߺ˵ҲǺˣһ֪ġǾǿսʱ򡣡
ҵ˵ͷҶһоһӵսԣӲӲĴսҲֻų˳͡ķҲûСǾڳҺ͹ؼߺŶֵġ󡯰ǵĶֳ˰˶ӣֱעΪǬޡ㡢롢ҡ˶ӣǵ󷨾ԲεġǽǷأûǵġǿڸߴָսҲúܡ
һоˣǶһ㱱ɲ֪һƣһߺţһĵ˵սоˣˣǻеԵأһ͹ľսء
ҵ˵ͷ˿ؼߺţؼߺŵһ˿ɣڴģҲµġ
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Ҷͬ⣬ڴ֮иҵطˡ
ս֮ǰҵԽԽƽԼſգкֽһţʲôûˡҵĹҵвϵתԽԽǿҸеԼﵽһǰδеĸ߷塣ҵĹ־ˡ
۾˶ûдǣվȥ
߳˴ʣһֱߵǰŶ档˶ˡǧۡǰľһӷŴˡؿ˶ԷӪկ澮ǲֻǰŵλö֮ǰĴһɼڤӵսԵǿ
ҿ˴ӪſվżǿյġмһŴӣǿյû˭档ûе˿ܶĴڣִǰڵϼִھĴڿԴԶġֵЩһ
ţͻȻһ졣һ飬ˡǧֻۡԷӪկһںĹֱʣһѻ谵ջơ
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󿴿Щ顱Ĵճᣬϳ˸龫ʬ
е㲻ףԹؼߺ˵ΪʲôҪŽʬؼߺ˵ЩʬʿǺȵ˺ܶ͡ʱǻȼԼȥԼڶԷӪȼա
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־˵һ˵ʲôֵĺܣЩأؼߺſ˵ǲģЦŵ˵ͷ
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Һ͹ؼߺŵ˵ͷû˵ǸŮ˵˾ıЩ̹˺װ˱ǻѺ͹ģϣϵü
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Էڤں治ϵԮǵλҲƽûҡؼߺó͸ġ꾵ӷһ⣬һǰ档Ǹ̻⣬ŹؼߺоӵĹı͡
Ǻ󷨣ǣһȫؼߺǱоģһԳЧЩġڤ֪ıΧСгһһġսֳ˼顣ǵһС˺ܶࡣ
㱱ɵͷţţȻǸ֣ڰԹȻ͸ˡ󷨺
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УĵڶνҲʼˡǽӶľ졣ЩڻˡǧǱߴʣмλϣ֪ʲôʱѾһһϸһһķεļһûͷֻ֫ɡһֻһѳĺһĴ󵶣һֻ֣һͷһĹͷ
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Ŷ棬ȴŹĳ֡ͻȻһ죬һһߴγڶӪկС
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Ҳһ㣬ƺû뵽Ҳô󡣿ϻָһ֣סҵġҫʡֻеַ飬ҫʡһͷ˳ȥ
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һ֣תҾʮҸϽ㿪ǵ죬С
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֪Ǽֲ˶õġǰĹ̫ǿˡҸûбİ취ʱؼߺŷ˹һҵ˹һȻؼߺŵԺСǸǵס˹һؼߺŶҽе÷䣬С
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־ڵϣʹࡣ֪ʲô£һûǺֻǶ̶ʱ䣬Ǿˡ
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ҴĽеؼߺţôˣؼߺ˵ˡҽеȥָսｻǡؼߺӦһˡ
⣬˵ʰ˵
Ļ䣬һֱ˹ϡȫڡ
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ڣðź̡վһ㱱ɹЦֵܣдС磬úãһ㣬Чķɣ
һ˹ȥҪʱ򣬹һֱͦ壬һ£ڵһ𡣰еĹеķȷʵҪ㿴ҵĹ
˵֣ѹͷŵ˼棬ͷӦڵĵطһ㶣ԭ԰ͷΪʲôǱأ
ʱˣؼߺŵǧﴫʮͷÿһͷܷŵ档Ϊħ󷨡δɣҲΪҲ֪Ӧðһͷ档ںˣֻʣһͷˡֻѡˣע⣬ġħ󷨡ѾﵽʮһˡǧСġ
Ҳ֪ﵽһʲôһǻСĵģҵġ׷һ˺һ㣬ûôָôԸ뵽˽ǿҵվѧڲãΪ˹һɷӣҲܾɱ˹ͷǲõġ
ţǱѾˡЦЦȻôĳª£˸˳۶ˡ


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ЦʧڿУֻʣһ㡣Һ㱱һ㶣㱱˵ʲôɻһȥ
㱱ɵĻû䣬ǸгˣԽԽ˲صǵǰֻˣǺ͸ղһ㶼һˡһӣĿףͷҲλεͷϴһ˫λεǧѥӣͷŶλΣġ
㱱˵ҪҹܻݰôλεġֵĻ˻Դ㶮ʲôսװ㱱ɺһ򲻹ʲôҲûáɣ˵һǹŹȥ
һһӰ㱱ɵǹһߣȴҷɹһȣλεѥѾҵǰ̧ȣһС߶ŹĽȥ
ǵĽײһҵϷ˽⡣Ϸ˺ںĹ⡣һȥָֻһζ𡱣ζ𡱷һǽ˹㱱֮䡣
Ҳһеĺáġζ𡯺Ҳҵĵһ𡣡˵ŷڿתţдʡͻȻһĻȦӹϷɳסҺ㱱ɡŷǵΧȼĻ⣬ӡ
Ǻڻ⵱Уеȣеһ̹ǵĺ䣬嶼е㽩Ӳˡ㱱ɴеܣǵһյǾ군ˡ𣬿ǹ棬һ־޴ѹҾȻɲ
ҸϽĬղѧٻ䣬Ҳ֪ٻʲôˡۿšһ𡱾ҪյǡͻȻ߳СϸһСǺ˼һбۣһϳŴӣһԲԲ۾һǸӣһźˢһСӡ
ǵ϶ֵƷһⲻʱǸ죬ǱִˡǴ̡˵ĺ͹йϵ
ǿţ˵ʲôҿšһ𡱽˵ϻϽˮȥС򣬵ͷʧˡתۼ̧һˮųˣ˵ˮˡһ֮ϣǻһӱˡ
һ㶣ССŵһˡҺ㱱Ҳˡ㱱һͦǹǹúܳŰеĹȥһһ̵ˣ
㱱ɵǹͷһӱ仯ˡһǹǹɫǹŹ˹ȥɫ΢䣬𳤱ǹСǶȻƺ㱱˵ѹܴ㱱ɵͷ˺ˮ趯ǹ֣Ҳڲš
ҸϽŹȥһתͷֻ۾⡣ת壬㿪⡣ȥգۣһҡֻܲϵת壬㿪Щ⡣һʱ䲻ûи㱱ɽΧԼƣڱˡ
ҵȻģóһѡתĹ컨ַ˳ȥЩ仹ûнӽһŵˡŷ֣ΧһĺͺҵĻһ
ʱ㱱ɷˣǹԽԽ̣㱱ɾԽԽҿ㱱ɵı飬Ը㣬Ǳȥġ֪Ҫáһͦҫʡ˹ȥûáҫʡ͵͵ͳǹǹϵӵǽڹѪġ
ҫʡǰһ£ǹˡӵɵ˹ߣƺһ¡һ¾ȻĴ͸˹ߵǲ㱣㡣䵽˹ϡֻ۾Ҳоӵӵ˹ϣðŰ̡
һЧĹǹֻһûӵˡܻӵǹ
ǹ㱱Ҳ˿ຣһӴӰеȥеǹҲȥҸϽȥ䵽㱱ɵߡ
ڿתһȦְӵ˳ϸĿ˿һĶаúܡߣҲһиаġ˵һַ̧֣ųˡζ𡱵Һ㱱ɵǰ档ҡ㱱ɣ磬ôˣ
㱱۾˵ҵķһ㶼ʹղѹҪûҿѾҷˡֵܣڹ᲻ҪϢһˡ
ҿ㱱ɵӣ֪ľˣѹЩһﶼԸ˹ĹͻϵĹЩĹ꣬ǰ޷ӳġ
Ҵؽе־־־ܵҵߣʲô£˵㣬Ѵ米ȥϢһ£ˡ־˿ңһ˶ԸЦЦҲҲûôԼˡȥϾѻ֣úڹѪӵԸ
־˵ͷ㱱ѾܿˡվŶ桰ζ𡱺Ĺҷں
ɺɱ졣ҿԿַ˱仯йؼߺŵָӣλȶֽֽ׶Ρڤ׺ݣ͡λ׼ȷһʱ䲻ʤҪûкԮһƴơ
ʱ򣬡ִ˺ɱҵһ֪ûԮˣľһǵġѵǹĲӣĻôǳ׵ˡҵͷë亹ֻܲһˣʹý˹˵
ó˽óˡ๭Ͻˡ๭׼˹Żȼյġζ𡱿ҵĶȴЦûһǵĵ˼
оúܲԾûɲ֪ģΪʲôŽȴûһ㵣ĵӣѵͲ½
еԥˣͲ½һʲô壿ʱҵǰһΣ졢ס̡Сˡһңһеϴˡ
һ㶡ʵôˣϸЦ˵ǴԮЩЧһϵĹ˲ӣѾˡ
Ҳ֪ЩĲӾȻǵԮҴϲԾϸ˵֪ͨؼߺšǵġϸЦ˵Ѿ֪ˡˡҵ˵ͷҶԸ𣿡
СһͷǿɰﲻϣҪ˼Լˡ
ͻȻһХҶСһ֪ǲæһҪܡҪȥ׷
Ҳĸ˹ĺ档ɵ˺ܸߵĵطͻȻͣסˣץת͵תϷɳĺڵ㣬һȥǺɫСӣһȥֱǵλԮĹȥҧǿ
ʵʲôЦԮҲСɻʭҪǵԮ࣬ҵġɻʭࡣ


ʮ ս£
СӣĶСѶԸҲзҸϽóСƿӣųġ롱
ǡ롱ԭҲָ㳤̡һųˣ׹һȻСˡֻлСһ㣺ǰɣϴ󣬱˱ҲôôС
ǡ롱ųǵǰȥ֣ҵϣϸĶһǡ롱˺ܴı仯ȫͬˣı仯ǰ󵶣˺һʵءˡ
˵㣬Щɻʭ롱˵СԴһ壬ˡʱ߷ɹһ߰ɫƶ䣬˲͵ǵǰսȦ͡ɻʭսһ𡣡ɻʭȷʵǺ͡롱ȻǲһЩʱ϶ѻ˺ܶССĺɫʬ塣
˿ңСӵһܺõĶ֣ԽԽȤˡҿŹȴţһ㵽أ
һеĳ˷֮͸ղŴһˡҲϽʰ飬ѹӵ˼£һͦҫʡӭȥһճһ֪ǹҪұƴˡʵʵĴ򷨣ûһȡɡ
ûȻǶڻƴĹȴʼϪһ飬źһĿ㣬֮ٲһĿ񱩣һӿһʼһˮӣסЩ֮ҷ֣ûһˮǿԶס󺣵ģֻܿ赼
ҷֳһСɹŹĴɵĹѰһбҵ汻ĹһӡͬʱҷֳһɹŹĹ뵽˹Сһֱ˴ͨʱܽġĹǺСɵģȫʹʱǺѲġ
ǹɹ쵽˹УľһչҵǰһֵľҲ޷ͣϾ˵ĲһǹµǣֱǺ㣬Ҿ㿴Ҳһ޷֡
ͻȻҸеҵĹ͵ˡȸղһù͵ĴӿҪֲסҸϽһӹһֳֶһСɹ赼ǿ񱩵ĹҵѹС˵㡣
ͻȻ֣ӹͬʱľлһ㣬ڷ⡣ԽĹԽпϲѵǹĶ֮ԴҴ߶￿ֱǸıϡ
͵ӹҵĹϸһӱһȭͷݺݵǸ㹥ȥҵĹһײǸ㣬һˣһ˵ҲǺˣҪƻ˹ĹԴȪĹͻᱻҷˡ
Զô򵥡ҵĹһײ㡣ˣҸеһɾ޴ĻصҵĹ˳һϽ볷عͻȻڹľϳ㡣
ȻһСɵĹסˡҲץסϵرСҴ󾪣ǲôҲ޷԰Ρڹǣ͵ĴҲһˡĹһӿ˽Ҹҵ׺䶥һȫˡ۵һһڵѪѪ˹ϡҲ˹ȥ
ҵ˳ȥҲ˹ȻһĻҷˡڷɳȥУĹעҵһֻϡͳˡٻȥҸеҵľһӹͨˣһ죬һڵѪҸеöˡ
ˤ˵ϣҫʡҲˤһߡ־֪˳һӷҡʵôһʱ˵ֻҡҡͷ
̧ͷŸ־ȥѾצ˹˵Ѿŷ֮˹һƿ˸־Լȴ޷վֻۿŹĳ
ʱһͷһߴ˳ͷһײ˹ϣȻûбײɣһ£ֻһ£ùĳƫһЩҵ߿һ
£һҪϣҾǽˡ
ʱ򡰹϶ھԡ֪˳һӵסҵ·һ˦Ҷ˱ϡһӷ˳ȥ
һͷͷ͹վһǹЩڤһᣬסˡͷĴ죬һţˡͷĶϣͷŹķ˳ȥǹһ󵶣šͷĴͷ˹ȥ
ͷ͸ղŵһһܶ㲻һҴһӴӡ϶ھԡıվͳ˽͡๭ϼһ˳ȥ
˹߾Ŵ͵غ˹һӵס˽ײ˳ĳϡһ죬Ӳıײȥʮס
Ҳ˵ϡͷʱѾ˹һܵˡ
ЦڵϵĽаŪţ˵˵ҲûʲôҾͲ¡˽ôأ
ڡ϶ھԡ֮ϣСٻҲָˡҿŹŽںҵһѾռˣǶڹ˵ûʲôáҸôأ
ٿսѾȡ˾ԵơֻʱˣҲҵϻοȻûдʤǵĲҲȡʤˡ
ǲսϵŽ˿ͻȻҪѽۡһæеҪǹ¶˲пЦҡ
ʱһ⣬һ֮ͣƽսһ㶼һ¡
Ҳǽ;ˡҼĴУزˡ
ŵزЦزأôã֪ҪԳ𣿡ز²˵Ѿֺαͽҵسɷɣ
Ц˵ɣƾǼܰô˵ŰѽӵһߣһеĳŰеĵزȥ
زͷġǾһӵزĿзɳһ֣˹ǰŭӶų¾ͰЩֿһߡ
زһ֣еġսħơһӱúܴŹѹ˹ȥ
𳤱ĵֿšزžЩһķɳ˽ħϡħƵķˡĽ¾Ȼһӣǹڶš
һ߿ţһץصҵϣҿ׼ᣬһһɫߣŹȥһ˹š
һҽУħѹ˵档
Ƕסˣû뵽ˣһʱ仹ܽʵ


ʮ û
ؼߺŲ֪˹ֱʣùгѾͶѾͶʼǹؼߺٽУҺ㱱ɸ־ŽУеλ꽫ʿУе춯أǵ磬зġڤһӱûһʱ䶼ûĹǡ磬춯صĽкڤ׷˵
СڤеͶˣһͷͽӶеġڤսһƬ
ǻص˴ʣ棬ǻˣӭӣλˣһ̴Ưǿһͳˡ
˷ܣˮƣʹĺһʱŴ󿪣һϮµĵز˽ǶϽʩӭǰȥлҪûô׷ġҴл
زִƣ˵ӷ𣬻ϲظлЩƶɮģƶɮºԸϣ̫ƽ޶ϧ裬ȴΣֻó䣬Ѱҡߡҵ¬Ҳʤһ롣
˵زĻ˵ЦݶˡҿŵزϤеֲǿֻ߸ûʵزǸγԣʤʤˣܾǰˡֺʤһأ
زǸ̾˿ǹûзˡ˶ܾȣֻйؼߺŵ˵ͷҵĸоҲģܻˡڤġħ󷨡Ѿɣûô򵥡ҡħ󷨡һ֡ԭѸˡò˶ãͻḴԭ
ز˵ͷҹڡڤһԩЩߵԩ궼СЩԩԹʮ㣬ÿ԰ˣͬʱҲĹ
Ҷزǲƭ˵ġδɹͬ־Ŭ
㱱˵ʲô׷ڤˡز˵ͷԲӦˣν񾡣󻼡
쿴˿˵λô˵˵ȥؼߺ㱱˵Ҳȥ־˵Ҳȥؼߺ˵ﲻ£ҲȥҪ볹׵еҹϿβҲġ
ʽܵ˵ͷõģʣµһᴦԷĵȥ˵ͷȥɣʣµ鲻ˣҲһѹŲλãȻȥæǵġ
ؼߺ˵лϡ
ҶԵز˵ǡزǸȥ𣿡زҡҡͷҲȥҪȥȥǱߵ顣
һеʧҲǿز˵ҲãǿԵġزæɣزЦЦ˵ͷ˵һеģ¬㻹Ҫƣֻвܹ
Һʵʲô֪Ҳǰʣزǲҵġֻöŵز˵ͷл㡣
زҾһ˵ѾתͶ̥Էˡллҵչˡƶɮ͸ˣλټ˵ͷҲصƮȻȥ
һУֺʹһһˮơǲ˳ȥͷҲ˳ĸҵĺҿ˿ͷ˵ͷͷҲĵĸˡ϶ھԡҲҵĺ棬Ҳˡ
ǲżΪҲˣÿһ߸·һߵϢ
㱱ɶ˵Ǹز˵Ҫ͸ǵʲôʼ˵Ƕ˵ˣҲ֪㱱ɲģ˵Ǹղֲʣ
ؼߺЦ˵Ҫ˵˵ˡ˵Ļ˭˵أҵ˵ͷ㱱˵ǿ˵ģǸܹؼǲҪ¬ֵܲһأ
ؼߺŹЦҿǻԵɣҪҲܰŲ򣬾Ͳˡ㱱ЦЦ˷ܣܶడ־Ҳ˵ǰȷʵƽʱһе˷ܡ
ؼߺ˵ȷʵе˷ܣ֮ǰŲӣѹھǼȥһҸеɣҲãҲöܺáΪ˵ܲܳҶõˡ
ҿ˿ؼߺţû뵽Ȼôͨ͸ҵ˵ͷ̬ˣһҪȫˡ
ؼߺͻȻ󷢣Цһһҵĸһ£գ
־ߵߣҲŷһﱳһ֦ѻǹ־ظһǹ˵װӵˣǽڹѪġһѾѻǹʱйܵġ
ҵ˵ͷǺڹѪӵȷʵƵϵĻ幦֪ˡڤʲôӣ
ؼߺ˵ڤȻǲһġʲô˵ڤҲΣأΣյĲֻǹһĶҲ档
ʵĶ˭ؼߺЦ˵ĸһﻹͦģǡΡȡ͡ˡĸģҲ졣ǰֻ֪ĸָĳЩ꣬û뵽ȴ
ʵǺ𣿡ؼߺ˵Ҳ֪ûн֣һζûС֪ǳڤҪڤҪһءǾͺ˨ڤֻ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ĸ»һǿҪˣȹָǲŵ
˵˵ͷ㱱ٻһֱ顣ˡ϶ھԡٵšڤȥ
ʱǵһµıϣĹ֡һƬڰ򿴲ʲô濴Ҳǲ֪⹵ж
вкðԵɭ졣ؼߺ˵ǡڤʵû·𣿡ؼߺ˵·档￴ȥɡ
ǵ˵ͷ飬ȥҲš϶ھԡȥ
ԭǻ谵ģ⹵еġڤһֱ䵽˹ȵףȵһ·ֻһ··ϣŹȵ׵ȥ
·ԽԽʱ·߳˺ܶķݣһһŵģǿյġؼߺ˵ЩǡڤıӪ㳲ˡ
ҡҡͷһֱǰߡЩõķԽԽ࣬ģܶܶࡣ
һԽЩݣǰͻȻһеɽͻȻխˡǸʵʯڣǸ·ֻܲˡ
üͷطһ졯ǺʺĵطСĵɡ
㱱ɵ˵ͷߡ
ǹؼߺ˵߰ɡΡȡ͡ˡӦþǰ档


ʮ һ
˵Źؼߺһ˽ȥҽ󣬡ͷ㱱ҵĺ档Ǹ־žѻǹʱ׼
СǰУһеֻаʮ׵ľ룬ȻǷিʵʲôûзһжǺܰµİ
߳˼е־Թؼߺ˵ô£ʲôûУ㲻ΣɣؼߺҲһãȻ㿴ԼԼԭ
㱱ɺٺٵЦûˣؼߺץץԴ˵ļǲˣһǧ˰ɡٺ٣㱱̯˫֣ˡһǧ꣬׺ɣˣб仯Ҳ
ǹؼߺȴִ˵ģܶණ겻ģĸϹҲＸǧˡԣһʲôԵĵط
ߣ·߿һһѺڻҡҶȥ˿ץһѺڻš˵ԾȷʵԾǿ
ؼߺ˵ԣЩšΡȡ͡ˡģ㿴Ǳ߻һĸ
ĵط˿ÿ涼һѺڻҡҹؼߺ˵ȷʵԾҪǲµĲĸħͷ군ˣҷˡ
˶һ㶣ָָϵЩڻңǿǵķɻҡ൱ʬ塣Ҫһа취鿴һЩۼ֤ݡҾͲ֪Կ϶ֻһ㡣ĸħͷ군ˡ
־ЦЦǲǸãʡǵĹ򡣷Ҳʲôöû˾ûˡ
ؼߺȴҡҡͷĲԣҲҪ֪˭ǣҵ˵ͷҪ֪ôǵģֻλˡһǹ־׷ʵһ˭ؼߺ˵һɷˡ
ҵ˵ͷ㱱üͷô˵ɷˣҪԸħͷ룬ֿ˿ؼߺšؼߺЦЦҵǾĵе㲻ԡ
㱱ɿ˿ؼߺţô˵ҽӿ˵ɷˣȴĸħͷŪˡȻҲŹġ֮һ⡣ɷһԸġ
㱱ɵ۾ˣ԰ҪĻǿ֮ɽۻ
ҵ˵ͷҡҡͷ㱱ɺ͹ؼߺһʵΪʲôҡͷ˵һ£Ҳһ¡롣Ǳ߲ŸոʤɷӾ͹ҹĻΪʲôأ
˶üͷһϴӡҼ˵Ǿ˵ںǣҲ˵ʮİգԶԸǣڶ˵ĵˣֻǹֻйİʯĸΪʱĹˣʱ򡣡
˶ˣ㱱ʵҿ⣬ʲôտԶԸǣϾǻôľӣǲСһ
ؼߺ˵Ҳ򵥣ȻôľӣЩʵϲǵģּԿóġϵĹ˭ģЩ̹˺װ˱˭Ū˵ġЩ϶ûкǽȻЩϿڰǣʵأ
˵˵Ϻɷй᣿ؼߺŵ˵ͷǺԵģȻҲ֪ǵļƲߵ죬һ֪ģûκһ֪뷨
ҵ˵ͷȷʵǲ˵ôġõİ취ɷӡʱһжƽˡ
ؼߺЦЦǲҪˣǰ滹кԶҪȥϷأ
ҵ˵ͷкߣߡǼӿٶȣȥ
˺Զǰ·ֶˡһ£滹׵Ĺ֡ؼߺ˵Ĺ档
һȥǹֺһöࡣ˺ܾã䵽˵ϡ
һܿ˿ڵ֣Ҳ֪ЩʲôƷ֡īڡǰ˼ǰܶľˡȻǱܴŪϵġ
ƣǰǴ򶷵ķȥǱһڵĳǱɭǴ洫ġڳǱĺ棬һ߸ߵľҲǺģʲô䶯ǿ
㱱˵ϷˣҪ㣬Ҹλáһɵ˳Ǳĳǽ档վڳǽϣųǱм俴ȥȻӰĲֺ˵ɷӺ͹
˵Ĵ򷨼죬źʱҲֲ˭˭㱱ɵ˵һﵽ˭һЩ˵ɷӼȻȻа취ԸŰɣһ֪ˡ
Һͻû䣬ƵķֿˡһһվסΣ໥šðι˵ˣΪʲôӦңȴȥǸǡ
ɷӹЦǰɣǸϹȻ˵ôɵĻѵ㲻ֻ֪ԪûԶѣ֮԰죬ΪǰԼ֮ҾͻΪ̶֮ҲΪ֮㣬ҵİʯһ㡣Ҳҵһ̤ʯ֮һ
ݺݵ˵ݣɷӡЩ̹˺װ˱ǲŪģ
ɷЦЦûЩôԸĴأ⻹룬˭ͣ𣿹
ҿı飬һÿι˵Ҫҵ㻹ʸɡҿһ꣬Ҳнİ취һ¡
ɷЦ㲻뿿Ǹԩں滺֮ơѵһϵ𣿹֪磬µľĶ֪һζʲô˵ţɷӵжһ
СǧۡúһըеC4ըӲ󣬲ʮ㡣
ɷһЦѾˡɡ˵ǸC4ըɷù˳ȥֱ˺ġԩֻһ졣ſ˻⡣ԩȻ
ָɷĴУɷӣ㣬㣬㡭㱱ɵ˵жĥعˡǹؼߺŵı֡Ҳ֪ʲôҲԸ⿴裬ɿĹսġ
ɷЦһȶĺ·ȻٶĻ·ɷӲ˵ɷЦѾ֪ˡʼһꡢ¡աʱСӤ֮ĳɹǵ磬ڤԼġֱиɻһ㡣Ǿꡢ¡աʱСӤѪֻҪСѪͻҷ𡣶Բԣ


ʮһ ڤ
¶˾ȵı飬˵ҲеͰˣ㣬㣬ô֪ģⲻܣⲻܡ
ɷóһССƿӣڹǰ˻Ρ¶˾ֵɫû˵һΣһȥ
ɷӹЦҲ˹ȥܵ˺Ժǵ߱Ǳǽסˡվ濴ȥǻǿʲôǸҪɹȥ洫һľ졣һҽ֮һɾ޴ḷֱ́ϣʧˡ
ؼߺһ𣬵˵군ˡ군ˡ㱱ʵôˣؼߺʵ˵군ˡ֪ղǹɺ̣ǹʱġ
Ҳһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôźáǱĹ͹ƴġھȻ˼һ޷˵еĸоȻһֿĸоʧ
ʱһӰָϷȥ˶ǧۡҿǸ˾ɷӣһɷӵ·ǰ澹ȻһƬɫɷҲˡ
ҲˣʱɷҲҶԼ˵Ȼ군ˣɷӡǻսղҿɷҲˡҲûôѶԸ
ؼߺ˵뵽濴໥һۣ͹ؼߺһɵߵ˺档صǽ壬ԩضǣ涼ǲ֫ڶǶġԭáǴ̡Ļǣϣмչ
ؼߺеȻЩǽ塣ĬĬҡҡͷҺ֪ķɻʲôطǺˡתתؼߺվڰҲ
ǶûдϾǰҲǹһìܵ飬Ҳġ
˺һ󣬹ؼߺ̧ͷ˵߰ɣǻȥɡɷѾȥˡ
Ƕ˵ͷתҪߡͻȻҵĴŵĽĹâһ㶣˵һ£е㲻Ծ˶ͣס˽Ųؿҡ㱱ȿ˽˵ģĽô¡ժ˽󣬱ĴСŽ⡣
Ҳܲ죬аĶʱһǲģÿζóŻᷢġе֡ѵʲô⣿
ҿŽͻȻתԽתԽ졣ҾȵĿһУʱ򣬽һͣסˣָšԩꡱ
ҲǱصǽ壬ڶĲ֫ͻȻţҵз˳ȥһ⣬һ·ǰָͣ
߹ĵ·ıɽ˿ѵʲôóˡҫʡŲƵͱһ¡ǽһˡ¶һͨСع
Ҷ˵һϾͳ˵ţ˽ȥ
һĿռ䣬ķġмһɫʯͷ̨ӣһɫĳκӡߵ˺ӵıϣ˿ӣдԼһ峤׿Ͳ嶼ǺɫġҿӵıһӡӡһСͷͼ
ֵӣµĿ˿ֵ˵ǸӣǺЩҺƣҵӣΪʲôҪ֪ĶһҪ򿪺ӣҪ򿪺ӣҪǸӡôܹǸӡأ
СͷͼѵҪСͷܴҴӲһСͷͼһ£ͷ˵ĹâǸӡҲڻˡ
еˣӡǹġһǲ˿Ķʲôأ˲ĶҲǶõġ˷ӡҴ˺ӣһҫۡ۾濴˿澹ȻһɫĺӣҲһӡӡͼҲ֡
ҡҡͷʲôرղǸԿǹͷӡʲôأµĿǸͼһUֲиһ辣񣬶ˣҵġ๭
ҸϽͳ๭һ£û뵽ĺáӡĻˡһˣȻ๭ԴŷӡһҵǰµġȻҲ֪ô˹ģǺȻõҪٵõһӡ
ŷӡڻˣҵġ๭ҲڻˡҴ󾪣ҪѾˡеˣûˡ๭ҵĽͻۿۡѾûˡҲûа취
ҸϽ˽ɫĺӣһ򿪺ӣһӾˡ澹ȻһŹһĹǵ˴󹭣ֻϿ֡๭
ˣġ๭֮ǰǸһ򿪷ӡԿףʱݴ๭Ķó˴󹭣˹һҵĶҸееĹ˵
ЦЦѴ󹭱ϡ󲽵˳ȥѾ棬ͷҪˡҳ˺һ㱱˵濴ģַ֪ʲô£Ƕȥأ
ЦЦûʲôһҰѡ๭ó˵ġ๭˿š๭˾Сؼߺ˵Źô
ҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡ滹йķӡǹҵġ档һǵãڡսУҵĽںƺ¡ԭˡ๭ԲҵĽҲûΪõĲġ๭ڱҵˡ
㱱˵ǲǾǵز˵أҵ˵ͷҲɡˣﵢʱ̫ˣӦûȥˡ
˶˵ͷһڿն𣬰㱱ٻ顣顣š϶ھԡɳˡڤ
Ǹһڤϴѿĵ澹Ȼĺ£濴̹ߵһ£Сڤߵ±ں͵һ𣬡ڤʧˡ
϶ûУͺûйڤҿ˿ؼߺţؼߺˮһԲ֪Щʲô㱱Ĺؼߺŵļ򣺡ˡû˾ûˣھԼˣӦùԼˡҿøԼ֣¿ʼ
ؼߺſ˿㱱ɣ˵ͷԣ˵Ķԡɵģ˭ĸƷҪԼʵһֱǽʦүͦ˵ģҺϲ֣ǻǽʦүɡ
㱱ɵ˵ͷãͽʦү


ʮ 
ǣɻˡѾûʲôˡսѾɾˡصĽûʲôʬ壬ûʲôӡǡ
ڡ϶ھԡ̾˿սŻսͻῴʬ͵ѪżһܲǸ龰
㱱վ϶ҽе찡Ѿɨɾˡ֪ȥ
˵ߵʱϲѾҪĵĵطù֪ĵĵط𣿡
㱱ɵ˵ͷ֪ﱾһǵġסġûˣҲķˡǱߵĹо֣ΪĴ֡ĵĵطǡĴ֡Ľ洦
ҵ˵ͷȥһҵġ㱱ɵ˵ͷ˷š϶ھԡںظš
ʱ䣬Զ˾֣ŲͬķšǾֺܳܳ쵽ֵĽ㴦͸ĹҲ˳ǽЩ˼ˡ
͡϶ھԡڳǽ֮⡣飬Ҳˡ϶ھԡߵ˳ǰŵĴе˾λıи־ˡ
ʱһ˳롣㱱ҡҡͷ˵롣Žˡ
ؼߺ˵ҪСģе㲻ԾҲ֪ؼߺ˵ʲôԾҲе㲻ԾﲻԾȥ˵ǸŴ߽˻ʳǡһֱ˹ǰ档Ҫǵһ£˽ȥ
㱱üͷȴû˵ʲô֪˴ǣǲ˽ȥ촩ƳĻɫߵۡ߹죬쳣ˮŭֻ۾΢գǡ
ǸϽʩ񣺡μϡ˵ͷǵôˣأ
˵ǳ׵ıˣġԩҲŪˡǳˡ
΢Цŵ˵ͷû뵽ô죬λˡҡҡͷ˵ʵûʲôǵʱ򣬹͡ԩѾˡǲɷġ
˵ͷţλȻǳʵ̰֮ˡʵɷӵ
˵ţɷӴת˳ЦĿǣ˵λǺð
㱱üͷ˵ʲôȴֹסˡЦЦ˵ɷðɷһЦ˵ܺã֮ǰ飬ϣ¬ҪϡҲΣѾתͶ̥ҲǵõԲϲϲ
кߣЦϡ˵һξսʤɷ㹦û
Ц˵ܺãλѾɷΪʦˡԺɷʦ
ʱ򣬴˽ǰ˵ϣ˸ǰ˵ͷվһߣ˰λ
ҿһ£λõǸʽ֣ߵȣһţеߵꡢꡢꡣ
˵ƽɡλүܺãԺǼִƸ˾ְ֮Թǡһվɡ
λߵл컰һתʵΪʲôûһվ˵ִԲ򣬲ϳЧһϣ϶ᡣ
һӵİ֣վִԲ򣬴ҵƳˣһ°¶Գߵıɫ֮˵λǳĶҲǾȥ͸һЩһЩŮٽԱǻȥѵ¾ɡ
˸л˳ȥ쿪ʼͣ㱱ɺ͹ؼߺűΪҴ󽫾Һ͸־ǲġҲýʲôͣ컹Ǵ͸ҳơҿˡ
˵ʱǸˣҿɷӻе㲻ģұ쵥̸̸۵ӣɷ֣˵߰ɣǽȥ˵ȥɡ
ڻʳ棬Ƕ㱱ɵĽмϡ˶òԾ㱱˵ҵľ飬ҸеϿˡ
ҵ˵ͷпܣѹǸʱ㱱ɺаտƣˡ֡һĶ㱱˵ǿô죿
ؼߺ˵ôҲҪɷӣȻûлӹô̡
㱱ɵ˵ͷҪƻ
ţһλһҾͶ˵¬뿪磬Ϊܳʱı棬ٲȥ»⡣
һ㶣˵Ǹλ˵̡㱱ɾҪҶ㱱ʹ˸˵ðɣ͸ߡҿ˿˵˸λءʱһǵġ
㱱ɺ͹ؼߺſ˿ңҡҡͷתǼλˡ־͡ͷһˡ߳˹ǣʣ˰˸λˡһֱԭǱȥ֪ǹڡ
Һ֣ΪʲôͻȻҪߣɷ֡ˣֻʣ㱱ɺ͹ؼߺţٷֿԸǡϻʳˡ֡ﲻͳɷӵˣ
Ҷǰλ˵ĸӵģôûǣǰλڨЦһǸŲıģûǡ
оòԾûλϵζһǸͲλͻȻǰһ¡ǰǸλļһ´һЩҵĹҲһ͸ǸĻǼһľһ³ҵ档
ǾԲλľһһ˵ԪľǺһǳϵԪ񣬸ͲǾԵĹꡣ
ǼһһͷֵĿңЦЦ˵ߵ·𣿡ǼһｩӲЦЦ˵ûģ
ʵλ֮꣬ǰҲû硣Ҷ֪·ô֪أǼһſڽ࣬Ͱ͵˵ңǸ㡭
ЦЦ˵װλ겻𣿺βأǼһ󾪣ԭطһһС߶ݺݵǸһ°ϡ
Ǽһһҽз˳ȥݺݵˤ˵ϡһ̫ͻȻˣ߸λһ㶣Ӧ׷׳ǳ˹
ͷһδͷеһһ°Ǹѹˣ裬ǼһĲϺݺݵҧһڡǸһһ㣬־һšͷĲĨȥ
ͷҲһˣǸŵһһˡ
ЩһٶǼģ֪׷׷ˡҲ֪ǻȥ뵽ҵġ๭ûԹҸϽժȥ


ʮ Ȩ
ҫۣ˳ȥ·Ͻһӷֳ߷ݡֱ߸һȥ
ͬʱҽмֱͬͬʱ߸һֻһ֧ɻصҵС
ҿŵµ߸һһӶҷˡ˿Ľ͡๭־˵ô£
˵ǲλһɷɹģһ˵
ܵˣߵǸһסùˡһ䡣סľҿǸһʵ˭
Ǽһ￴Ҳ˵۾̾˿Ѱ·ͷϡͷ˹ȥһţҧסǼһĸ첲Ǽһ۵Ľ˳˵˵˵
ҺһײĲᡣ˵Ĵ󻤷ǰ˴󻤽̣Ǽһ۾ң㶼֪ˣ
Һһʲô֪˭˵Ĵ󻤷֮һ
ҵ˵ͷǴĹǹǿһǼһ˵ͷʵЩ˭˵Ǿǰ˴󻤽̣ȫˡ
̾˿ΪŰûк³ġҰʮʱ֮ܶϽȥɡ
˵ͷҴһڣ϶ھԡ˹Ÿ־͡ͷıϣɻص˻ʳǱߡھʳǻеĵط
óһŷֽ㱱ǧﴫ磬㱱ɵѹţ˵ڱˡȻҲ뵽ˣǺܳԾǰɣô졣ʲôɣʦүأ
㱱˵˵ı췴Ͱץˣ϶ûмҲ֪ʦүҲץ˰ɣûֽҲܺǧﴫ
ʵô㱱˵ڲУҲûпϡЩɷġڲʱ
˵ʱѺҵλǼٵģɷӵİ˴󻤽̺ͻѾˣͻȥǡͺʦүϵ
һŷֽҵʦүôʦүǲҲץˣʦүе˻ƣԣұץɷӻҵ˽ͷڲҶ
ѹ˵һˣȥ㡣
Ұһ¡ͷ͸־Ҿһ͵ʳǡ־ɣҲ˵ʲôֻú͡ͷš
͵͵ﵽǽ棬䵽˳ǽϣѲǵλַɵ˳ǽ档ǽ¡ʱ򼸸ŮƮҸϽסΡ㵽һߣҷ֣һŮپȻǶ壬ֻǶƺе񣬲֪ʲô
Ұѹ˵ϣŶ嵯һ£һС˳ȥ˶ϡع߿˹ңûгװĺƽǰŮ˵Щȥһ¡
ЩŮٲ⣬˵ȥɡͼǰȥˡ忴ԶˣŷɱߣһӾͿ˳ҸϽ˵ޣʲô£ֹס˿˵ˡɷӾץҽǵҲҲ֪ˣҺżҲûа취
ҵ˵ⲻǻˡҽ˵Ǳڵ档ҿԴȥҵ˵ͷῴ˵ӺױֵġɷҲкܶױҪĸӲС
óһŷֽ滭һš仯䡱ŸղǸŮٵӣѷֽǰ循ȵĿң¬ЦЦʲôⶼ۷ְֻܼʱ߰ɣ
ǰ棬ҸںڱĹ꿴ҾǸŮ١ƹ˹˹ĺ棬һСӣС˵Ǳ߾ǵΡ˹ȥԶԶľͿǸСԲλ
ҺͶ˹ȥʿǣʵλŮҪʲô˵ǷҲǲ͵
ʿЦĴţ˵ô͵أҡ
ѾˣһﱻһһµŪˣұһĻҷ𣬲뻹ãûɱ֡
ţһµ˵£̨ףǰ·ѡһߣ˺Զųһηֻ㱱档
ҳ֣㱱վ˭һ㶣ҵϻŷ䡣Ͻ˷䡣㱱ϳң˵ֵܣ㡣ҵ˵ͷóˡҫʡһӴһŵıӽȥа㱱ֽϵϡǸ˵ϡҲŹ˳
㱱˵ҵз䣬ҵĹסˡʵ㱱ɰѵҿ㱱ɵùϴһ롣
ְѽγ㱱ɻһ£˵غˣҿ˿룬źϸСķ䡣Ȼܶ
˵Ǳ߻һǵ˵ͷһߵһߣ˺Զ·ľͷſһη
ʦү˵ˣҺࡣҴ򻵴š˽ȥһʿڵϣʦү˵ôʦүʹҡҡͷұ˽ͷֻšࡣ
סʦү֣ѹ뵽ʦү塣ȻҸевٵСʦү档ùСӣһֱЩСӴʦүı˳ЩСӴʦүıáζ𡱻ˡ
ʦүŷһ˵˳𲻹죬ɷҲŹġ
ҰǸʿڳʦүӣ˳
ҶԶ˵ܲܰϹе˵ͷ
ǵСӣһ˳ȥҶʦү˵ϹĹҪˡһҪϡ֪𣿡
ʦү˵ô˵治֪Ǽٲ֪Ϲһֱϲ㣬ءֻҪ˵һаġôһ˵ʦүе㲻˼ˡ
ʦүҪ˵ʲô㱱׵ϻˣϲϲȨ֮ƣһҪ㶨ϹһҪϡ
ʦүֻñɣҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ʱϹҴҵĸһСӣǣ󾪣ͷŶ˵壬㡭
˵ϹС㣬ȱ㲻òԾǲȡʤϾǣ㲻òԾ𣿡
Ϲüͷ˳˼ʦүһ¡ʦү˵ʲôû֮Բǻġ
ʦүһϹһ£عͷʦүеݺǸӡ
ܾãϹ˵ʵҲܳʱûˣɷһ𡣲ÿٹһʱʱ򣬻ϻ̨Ƶģʱֻһˡ
ЦЦ˾ʱ򡣡


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һҪ˽һȷʵһʼԼļƲߡΪʱǶֶ֪֡Ҳ֪񫡣
ڿ֮һֱɷӺɷҲϵ͸š֡첻԰ΡȻⲻȫ죬Һʦүû뵽ɷӵҩˮһ¾ͿԿ˵аáֶ֡Ʒ졣ڵ죬ÿڡ֡УʱɷҪʲô
ʦүϹһĵ˵ʲôЦС˵һֱϲʦģԸԳˡ
ЦЦԵ춨ġ˭ҲӲ磬½ԺǲҲһһ˵ˡ
㱱ɲмһˣŮ˽ʲô˼Ů̫鷳ЦЦѽעһ¶㱱ɵǲںһһ
ʱʦүϹ˻Ϲ˵ʱ󲻶ˣȥɡ
ҿϹ˵Ͷȥˣһʲô£ҲȥˡϹ˿ңֿ˿ʦү˵ҲãСġ
߳СӣϹͶŹǱ߷ȥŹǽڣɵ˹ϵƽ̨
ƽ̨֮ϣһΣһ͸ʣһĿ֮ϣһƱҺ塣
Ŀ޽Ŀǰ֪ЩʲôǵٶȺܿ죬ͻȻǰ
˼еһǣƺת˵ǣô
˵飬϶֪𣿡
ǣʲô£ѵĹò
ҡҡͷǰһʱ䣬ɷһϵ壬ð˸λҳ磬·ҷ֣Ǹλɷӵ¡Ѿˡ
һ㶣ûͳ簡Ҽ˵ұ֮Īеҽץˡ
ӾȣҲҪġ˵ϣ֪Щģǲŵ㣬ϣ㻹ǵ֮ǰԼǵĽƾͼΪʲô㲻ųɷӣΪ
һ£ĵ˵Ҳ֪ÿε뷨ʱҶֻ뿪ĵģʲôܡ
˵ϣɷӵĶһ˳ĶǸǽƷǲӺҲӺźܶĹ꣬Ϊűһ㣬ɷӵļƲߡ
첻ţ˵ҲûгĶֻǺϲһѬ㣬ҲǶûж
˵ϣֶͽ֡ѾˡҰⶾ
콫Žɣ˿ʦү㱱ɣ˵ϣ¬ⶾȻ𢲻
ͻȻһУһӱ޾ɣ˵ðɣ㡣һǸζ
˵ϣı֡Ͱⶾ֮ͻûˡ
߹ȥץ󣬰ҵĹ뵽СȫľҵСҷжҪҪһЩʱġҲҵ飬Ͻ
ʱ򣬴һЦЦȫ䡣ɷӲ֪ת˳Цţ㻹ǻˡ·㲻ߣͶؼҺĺž۶ãα˻ˮ
ֶΪˣܿ˵ʦү˵ɷӣĹѾ𴩡Ҳ֪ˡ㻹ôأ
ɷӹЦǻѾҵ͸˾ӵУѾõ˱ȨֻҪûǣһʲôںءãǶҲʡĵңһ׻ˡ
˵һΣ߳˹㱱ɺʦүһһסɷӡеͬʱ֣ɷӵҼץȥǵ˫ֻûɷӣͱ˳ȥ
Һȥæǲܰ;ϵģܸоܷ꣬ҲɷӵĹơù˵ϣ𼤶ȰⶾڶԸǼһƽ
ɷѾ߹ˣҺûлֵĻᡣڴ㣬ǱסǼⶾ
ʱ׹ɫĳ޾סɷӣɷӵһĿһϹͶˡһѳһ֧ǹʦү㱱ɵıһõԼı
ɷһЦϵҲˡϹͶҲˤ˳ȥʱ㱱ɺɷҲӶűõ˱绢ҲΪղźɷӵһ½Ӵ͵ˡ˸Сģó˿ҵı죬һʱסɷӡ
ҿǣ֪Ҳֲ˶áұ뾡İⶾʱϹͶҲɽöϱ޼սȦǲغϣһһ˳ǲܲսȦ
ұ۾ʱұרİⶾҲҪҵսѣҪǿסɷӡһʱ亰ҽȥȥ롣
Һòװչ඾һһֱƵͷٻ㴦ؼʱɹ֮ǰŬ׷ѣһжԭΡҷʱ򷴶ƽҲԳ߷緶̩ɽǰҵС
ͻȻҸеûˡ۾ĸ˶һߣɷһЦѾˡɷЦѶƳȥûôװɡҸϽӽǻǲһ㣬ǲܰѶƳȥ
ɷһڣǱ̵ǹͷɫӡҡ˼£Ҵ˹һһ֪ڲ򵥣ϿҪǺ
Ҳܶ㿪ֻ˹ֵҵĻѾˣϣ԰ҵһ¡
ؼʱһ׹ǵ׹⵲ҵǰڴǵ׹ϡſǵ׹⾹ȻǶ塣ʱڶؿڣֽʹࡣȴҼһЦݣҷˡ
ҵоʹû뵽徹ȻԸһǲܰѶƳȥҵиӽ
ɷڣЦɵϣܵס೤ʱ䡣һתҷ˹
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