==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
ٹҹСߣ׾


ݼ飺
»Ĵڤ룬ǵüаŭ
صųȣ»԰ʦѧϰ֮
أжûһʮ꣡
˹
һйٹĹ£һִץʷ
麬һЩˮаģ¡


һ У԰


001 ˾Ů
´ʲôط˵أʹС˵Ǹ¿ʼ˵ɡ
µԴǵô;ʮǴǻ˵Ǵһ󻧣ǰ˵ǵͥĸʱúˣʱҵү͵͵ЩǰǮƣƾЩǮƼõҲǸԣ
ҵүʮüӣӽӽӽֿһڵʱ˲ٵĿͷүȻǵΪ˺ܺãҲϲѹϰգ˵ĸҲ౻ңʱΪӵ֣Ǳؽȥü¡
һɲǹôȻЩ⻰ͳүӵϡ
Ҫ˵үӵӣӶʮˣŮҲˣǸðˣʮ꣬ʱǸĻˣӾͺǰһˣӶʮ꣬СʱͲϲ飬ֺУû͵ģҲǲǮΪͼӡ
ϲ黹ȥϺȵСƣĺȵҹŻһȥԺȻ϶ûȻеɻ󣬵ôҲû̫⣬ڶ죬죬ûе㼱ˣٷˡ
Ǿ飬ũҵúܣǮ˾˵ңҲʲôٷˣɶûͷ
ڵ죬˵ɽ˸ϻϻ˰ɣ
ɽʵǸ߸ߵ£кܶľӻһһũСһǴɽһ·һԼæίжȥô¡
ҲӦˣȻæɽʱɫѾЩ΢ˣû뵽һȥҲһȥûϢɽҲû˸ȥˡ
ʱ˸˵ʲôָ֣ץ˰ɣϻҲȥһһ
˾͸ҸҴһ˵Ҿ͸æϵ
ͲֻжʮͷģԳճ£Ϳԣ˵ŵ飬˵ǰָ꣬һ㣬׻˵ϲ˱ܣ˾Ů꣬Ӧײ˹Ů˹˻ɣȥѰȻҲǱȥ
ô죿̫үɾôӣһ¾ȥȻżòС
鷳׻˵˲ˣײ˼ҹŮĴ¡ҡҡͷһΡ
æҿɾӣҪңҾͰŮ޸㣬㿴ô̫үҲ֪ǲ̫żϺͿˣҲûüֹ̫үеŮȻҲСŮʮ꣬ŮһʮѾˣСŮò绨׵ʤ
ʹáæҡͷ̫үִ˵ôʹãģҸ㶨ˣ
ҲֻеͷȻеܴһӭȴûжԸԼŮ޸Ҳǳʮˣǵԭ
ǳ׼ŴףڹѪëʣֽæ׼ˣȻͿʼǵķţ˷䣬ȵҹʮʱ򣬳Ͷ˵Ǿʹ淢ʲôҲҪš
һٶһ˳϶һɬȻ澹ȻŮ˵ļ̶ܴ
ľʵĴһŮ˵ӰӣʹĴ򴰻ﻹڲϵĽңвĳһ
һҲҳһֱУﶼţȴû˸ҹƿȥ˰СʱİҲƿˣɫ԰׵˽˵ѾûˣŮѾȰˡ˵һͷ͵˵ϣ˹ȥ
˷ųϴԺ󣬷ҲǶ˫˫ſڡ
ڶѹԺŶ˵ˣŮԭǸһϸˣϸ˴Сóªû˿ȢһֱԹƽи˰æһ˳ףֻҪԺͶ̥תȴƵϡ
ϲ˱ܣ˾Ů꣬ϲа£ϲͬˣǼܻ飬׮ϲҲôˣŮŭ͹Ļꡣ
һ£æԳ˵ллȴ˵Ǳлң»û꣬ҴӦŮȢ뿪ģͬĻȫҶꡣ
Ȼܷԣүȴͷ˵ɻĻɡ
Ȼڳ¸ǸŮڤ飬Ͳ̫ˣŮԺ󲻾þɵˣģ̫үҲʵֳŵԼСŮ޸
λΪ¾͵˽ˣĹ£Ÿոտʼ


002 ֹ
еĹ¶׾װҿʼʱҸոбҵҺҵ̩ѧûпյסУԸսӵ¼ȡ֪ͨͼ͵ڴѧɫӡ
ιԣϽȥǱߣ˵һӳˣһ¾ٿ顭
绰̩ģԺؿ˿ʱ䣬ѾʮˣĴɨһۣһĶ߹ˣյֻʣԼڽˣ߿꣬缸еĴеĳΣȻסһ𣬵ӽӵ¼ȡ֪ͨ󣬴½ؼˡҲҪϼҴ£ȻѧԱߵСⷿȻ󻻴ѧԱߵĴⷿпǸڡ
̫Ѩ͸Ǽƣڻͷأ˿ϴһ£˼·ͳȥνķӡ
Ҹϳ˱СſڣֻͨСĵ绰ܿͽˣʮŮԣʣιãⷿ𣿡
ţԣҾСſڣɡ
õġ
ܿССſڣСһɫְҵװȻʮˣǰ͹̵ģʮС˵治һĴ
ãɣǸͨ绰ȻСǰ϶̫һҹЦݣ˵ҽг»ԣӡ
ţõģɡȻС濴飬ҲûҪҵӣҾߣⱱСܴһµСȻǽԵشȻܸߡ
㣬׷ӼҰûпյؼǣⷿ⡭ҿΧЩ˶ķӣͻȻ룬ôֵֻٿһ£ѵ̩ң
СĻҵĺ֮ǡ
İɳһƽӣװޣϱͨ͸ůˮ硢Ըмգÿ٣ѺһСһְҵ΢ЦĻش
ͷһȻŸոոҵҿɲʲôϵڱĺ£ҿСʣ㣬ʲôϣʵһ£Ҳе׼ѧʲô˵ºҲãɶϡҵʱ᲻ƭӣ˱˵ķӼȻת⣬СĻҷˡ
ʱС¶Ϊѣ¶һ˵СֵܣҲ㣬ʵӣֹ
ֹһϲȿȣȻҿɲʲô̬Ҫ֪пܴôҵʱ룬סԼԼˣΪйԲŲס˰ɣܶ˾ţΪйԷ۱Ҳˡ
Ȼ۸̸̸С㿴ҵӺ񷴵ҲһһЦ˵û£ǮС£·ȥǩͬ
һǵȰֹԵɸһ¡С㿴ң룬оǸţ͵°ɣ˵˵ɣû¡
ԭӵԭһʮķޣ֪ʲôģһʮŮǰǵŮڼˣú֣˵ŮԼԼģʱǼºֵ÷зģҲ˵ʱֽˣȻ޲֪ΪʲôҪңԼ͵ļ۸С㡣
СģȱһԱᣬԭоûɶôԱסԺʮԱÿ϶εһСŮ׽Բأ϶ͬһΣӦСԺСԱߣȻͿʼӣ۸񼫵ͣһֱû˸סһʵסȥûҲðߡǽѹһЩѧָʢѹסණ
ЩС˵ȫˣҲеģܲôȻûЩҲԼ˵ģʱеùˣ뵽ÿ¾ٵķ⣬Ҷѧֺܽû˵ȥپɡ
СҲû˵ģʵܰʵңѾо˲ˣҪһҪȥ˭˵
Смһ¥ӾȻĶ¥ĺŷգĲСӣҸȥһֵˣֹҲֵˣҺӣңеԣ֮ĶУ˵оУװҲǾװЩãһ¾١
㣬ˣǩͬɣҵ;ˣСҲźͬܿͺǩ˺ͬȽѺ𣬷ȰȥһԽ롣ʱСŵʱС㻹Сĸ˵СֵܣסǸӡ
Ϊ羰𣿡
ǣʱ¥ܰɣ¥Ҳˡ
ǺǣĬҸЦС뿪ԺһԼʹɨӣʵҲûɶôɨģʵܸɾ࣬ҲûĸеˣҲûɶҾͻϼˣסһͻؼңȻõĴѧ
ʰһ»ҪģҾͰһЩҵĶһ£Ȼʹ򿪵ӣյɳϿˡ
ʱúܿ죬תͺˣһʱ䣬ˣȥŪԵˣвٲˣ߹ȥ򿪱һһ澹Ȼһõޣ޻һĺ¡
˿ĭʹûйģ϶ǸСҲŷһģҲǸޣҪʱͻȻʹһСŮ
壬ҵʲô
谡һͷһһСվǰ϶⣬ϣ۾ûͫףֻʣһɫȹӡ
þǻþ϶ǻþҲϵĶԼСС߹ĿʣܿңȻܿң壬ܰһæ𣿡
æʲôæֵʡ
ұ𰡡С￴ңһ⻰ûΣ⻰͸Լǹôæ˵Ҳǿ׳Ҳ˧磬ǸٶúҾǸС˿Ҳûð
˵ǰﻹǲɣСеӡ
Χ¶ͻȻ͸յʮһˢһӾͽһһ˵ɶæĿ˵˵ô
ͺˣСҴӦĻ󣬸˵ЦȻҵĻ˹ҲˣĿﾹȻͽҵ棡˫һڣ˹ȥ


003 Źֵʯ
ڻؼҵĹ︴ӲԣǸСŮԺҾ˹ȥڶԺҾֱˣΪϼи׼׼Ȼҿҵôˡ
ϼ쳤ģҲǳǣǳܱһж۵һС򣬶һеӣҴСﳤģһԺȥǣÿͻΡ
ҲŻص򣬸³͸оһȣԭһȥǸŵģ룬ҲͦûˣȻؼҿɣȥǸš
ѾаûؼˣȻǵҲһСʱĳ̣һֱ鷳Ҳû
ҼסһʮС¥棬¥ҴһĸڸӱǽϵһʯأۣȻʮˣᣬҲ֪Ϊ˾ţҼǵСʱǰſڿһŰ·ŮģʱҲ֪ǹʲôģҵʱҸ˵ˣæܵʯˣﲻ֪ʲôؽţҵСϣʯһˡ
СߵıҲʯʯܹŹ֣ҵҲʲô񻰹еɣа
ʯߴŶʮף۾ԳɰĿ羵棬ͷгǣɫ࣬ɫᣬǻɫģеĻбһβͣϻһѸͷ
ʯ͸һֺܲĸо赱ʱ֪Ѿˣ۲֪ڤʲôҵʱͻȻ붺һ£ĵĴܵװúɭ˵
ʱҲģͼӡ
ƽʱȻеţҲǱȽϴģʱһһӾͱͷǺˮͫ׽عܽҿҸеɻǣûһ촽Ѿˣͣڲ
裬裬ôˣҿӣҲ֪ҺʲôӦһ˫ıеãȻ۾Ϸ¶ʣ͸ֲƬЩŮһҵʱͺѵײаˣ
Ȼ־סҵĲӣһ¾ͰҰ˵ϣҵʱûع˾ڵˣҲ֪ΪʲôһңƽʱҲڵȳ˻Ҫܶ࣬ҸƲ裬ֻʹĽ֣һ㷴ӦҲûУԽԽ
ʱ֮ǰݵǸʯģͿǸʯ֪ǲҵĴ۾ðź⣬Һڿһ
ʱҲûô࣬ϵԽԽ𽥸оҺȻõʱҼҵŲûϣֻҴ˹ȥǸֱӾͳ˽
Ϸӽߣʮ˰ɣϲģһЩϵƽʱģ˵ʲôطֹ˵˭˭ʲôģ˶ǰһſ
ŵʱһɫıģһɫĶ̿㣬˫ЬϻŰѴȣǳߵģһûлţҲûй裬ӰҲɣֱĳ嵽ʯǰһҧָָ͵ʯĶͷϺʵ㣡
û뵽һͷ˵ϣ˯˹ȥҲǴڴڵĺˡ
߹˵СһûɣûͿشţȻ󰾵㽪ȣУȻŷʯϣְ֡
ϼһ⵽ɶⰡŲӣµ˵Ȼǲ̫Ըй飬ǸСŮϸղŷ飬ڻеʹͻȻЩɻˡ
źԸ˵һ߹ƨһ˵Сƨһ֪ôɶϽһȥˣаƽʱͱʯˣ֪͵ļƷ˰
һ˵һˣǰСʱ򣬺ʮʱɣʱҲûԵˣʯһ棬Ҿ͸ˣڶҾͿʼһסԺ²źˣ˵£ȻŪЩˮҲźõģȻȥܾˣҲһֱû⣬ԶÿˣһҲ⵹ŪǸɻˣʯ񵽵Ǹɶأǹѵй


004 ż
ŵĻˣ豳ϴȻЩ˺󣬽ڼŪ˵ԵģԹԺ󣬾ŵļȥ
ʵЩ⽨ţϵ˶Ȼһﾭ͵һЩѸϴ裬СʱСʱ򾭳һ棬Сʱһ飬Сһ𳤴ģž͵͵ܵ˼ҲŪ϶͵Һ͸ڡ
ȻûбץҲԼ֪£Ҳû˹ܣҪԵܺãȻƽʱֵʱҶϲ˵Ǹ֮ģʵܶⶼҲǸбµˡ
һξǣ򶫽һ˼Ժ£ǼҺӵʱҲʮˣк󽭣ԭúõģͻȻ˸ֲһܴţȭͷˣȥ˵ȥҽԺʱžڳ˵˹ء
ʱҲû󽭵ĸĸʹȥҽԺ٣ٺܳɹ¾гˣû뵽ճԺڶ죬Ȼֳһұ֮ǰĸ󣬸ˣº¼ҾеɻˣʱţŶ˵ͳɰֽ˵óˮѷ˶ˮԺ󽭺Ժ󣬵ڶ𴲵ʱͲˡ
˾ŵô£ž˵ǶǸүʱүʱ·ʲô˵ЦүˣүǰãֻǶ磬ҪǶ˵ĻСûˡ
黹кܶ࣬ȻԴһŴԣѧ£ͷƺ˲ЩѧֶβõĹֲ
Ҳߵͷſڣͷǰʵиϰ飬ǰҲסڳ棬ϰ˲ŰϾסġ
ţţҾվſڴǰʮһʱʶŵģʱʼ;棬Ҳ˵ǱųģҲ̫
Ŵţ񲻴ʱһɫɽװͷܰףϵҲܶ࣬ͦģʱͻȻ߳һʮˣ˴һĺɫװûͦ˧ģر񣬺ϬǸһ˵ĸо
ͷ⼸Ҳ湻ˣȥɶ˴ӡ֮󻹵ûڽءһͻͷŵһɻ˵С棬ϱһ䣬һ˼˵ԺҲʹ󲽵ߵ˹·ϵһϣﳤȥ
ϣţ㻹ʶǮ˰ءҿҲ֪ɶӵģ͸оӦþͦţƵģһҲ
ǰͦϲһСһʹҵԴһ˵С˰ɡ˵žתˡ
żסС¥һ¥Ӵʮƽɣװ޾ǼޣǿȻһһңһͦġ
һȥžָɳ˵ȥ÷
ҵ˵ͷɳϣҲԼңȻƽʱŰЦһ㿪Ц˼ûУһô׻أô˵Ҽʯ񵽵ô¡
ûһʹóһŷңҽӹҲʵ͵Ӱ࣬Щĺʲݣɶˣҷм仹һεӡǣǰ鷨һ㻭껭ҪڻӡԼֵӡ
ŰѷԺԸȥԺЩѷʯͷϣȻŴ£ԵͷԲУȻʱҪҼʱϵͳˣǼҲǷҪһֱţˡ
ţ֪һ⵽ʲôУϵûйʳ⣬ȻѾһЩ𰸡
ЦǺǵĿ˵ôţǰ첻µزµСҲ¹ˣ
˭¹ȥǰйʱ򾭳ᰲοԼ˵ǺõģǲẦ˵ģNOشλһľ֣صĸߴңƹ
˵⻰ɣģһͷԺͶ̥ĶԹʲôûˣһ˵ˣûм˶Ͷ̥֮ǰǸ˼үЦ飬ǻˣǸһӣȻûҪȻẦ㡣
Ȼ֮ľЩǺ󻰣Ҽ˵⡣
źûҪңھ͸˵ʵ黹ôӶʮǰ˵𣬾㸸ףһص˵ˡ


005 ǽ
Ұ֣ҰֽɶΪʲôСҾûˣͷһǰ˵ˣҴСģҴûҰֳɶʯôҰְйϵأ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһæ˵ˣ˵Ǹɡ
ҿź˵Ӿͼˣæ˵ţҵô£֮ǰȥǼһ˵һ䣬һô£
ſҿధӣҲ̾˵Ҳ͸һЩҲ˵Ķͱˡ
ʵ㸸һǲǴС˵һһҵĹ£ʵĸףҵԺ㸸׾Ȣ裬ܿľһΪˮЩԭ򡣡
Ҳûи˵ֻ֪ȥҿˮǸ˾ȻĪľˣȻǸ˾ͻ˻
˻ֵĿţ˵ֹһֱɱֲܱĹԶʱ׷ϹʱڣഫƵսʤ֮սСҧһλϴүϴүҹŶϴүͻΪԩҪ𡣡
ⲻôһԩܴùƵôһЦ͵񻰹ˡ
ŵͷ˵û򲻹һǻƵ۵ʱТΪǸȥλүԹ
˵Ǹ˻һԹƽִ򲻹㸸׵Ĺ㸸׵ʱȿȣ㸸׺뿪ȥһԶĵطԱػһֱ㸸λϸˣԲŰӡʯ档
һˣʣڸô죿ȥ鵹νҲܾڼﰡһʱըܷô
㿩㵹ǿ͵͵͵Ҹһ˵𣬲費ͬ⣬ҵԭǼֻɱֻܳȣϵʱûƵТôԹԽԽˡҡͷԵĿңƨɺһС飬ǰڵ̯ϣƴһ⡣
˵һЩ䣬ȥûŪɰϺڹѪȻָʾȥˣԼĵŷɣҲš
ֳɵĲôҵͷⱾС飬еСH鼮ĸоʸҲֲܴڣԺǰ׻ģ˵ôôôģҲ̫ףͦӵġ
Ϸһɣҡͷ˵ɲУһ˲øĵЩأҪ֪ļ£ֻԼŷҲҸʱסֻһģΣǼһԹԽԽˡ
УҸⱾúѧϰģҲûָ¾ѧᣬѧɣѧʰֻ֮ǰȰ㿴ţ費µģѧʰɡ
˼Ҫѧܾã
ΪأΪѧӾͻˣȻֱŪӡֱӴӡǧŷԼˣһһеСɾ;Ͳˣȥɣһÿء
ôҲøҵɰߺڹѪɣȻȥɱҰһۣɶɶλһꣿǺǣһʱ㿴ʲôš
и׾ƿװһƿڹѪһɰֽԼûȥɡ
ˡſʣǸôģſ㱳Ǹ
ɶ˼Ϊֻ飬飬һһ˵ͷһһЦǸСŮãֻȻԹأҲû㺦㣬㲻Ļ϶Ҫƴˡ
𣿴磬һûǮûȨô𰡡ü˵ôˣ˭æãѵǿҳ˧
ƨΪĳˣǳ꣬£գʱˣͣײһһ죬˾ܴһˣ㲻ͬԲѡġЦһ˵úϰЩɣʵҲûôˣ˭ҲẦģһǱаֻкúܰ𣬻УָҰæԩģֻ뱨ѣֹҲɱɱֻǸԼѡ
Ǿ亦˭ҲẦҵʱҲ˿ȻźֱӾܾ˰ңﻹ١
˵ԺԼ˵ӿһΪǳŵĽĿʵҾͦƣĿҲûɶ˼ҪһȺүһСƻеӿһȺòզأһڱտھһĴʣŮһүǣû˼ͷϲһˮӣĻиղź̸ʱһʦӡ
ߵ˾ƿĺڹѪɰֽԭֱ뿪ģΪҾûккϰߣ룬˼Ҳˣһ˵㶫Ҿͻͷ˸кͷ˰
ҲûңҰǱŸҵţԼǺɰͻֽŽŸƿӾ߳ˡ
ͷסӵĶߣһʮ·ΪģȻĺܶ෿ݣ߳СԺҵĸ첲Χôһӱ쬵ˣ˿ɫȻѾȫ
ҡҡͷôڵôˣҵʱҲû룬Ʊ䣬ҾżҵķȥҼСһݾƫƧһʮףһ׵һСӣʱҲ֪ĸˣ߽··䣬һȥҾʹ˸սҡҡͷ˴һʱͻȻұиСڽһ
»ԡ
ĵģһʱһΪĸС￴أعͷһֵյģżмƬϵҶ紵ӣûں氡
ץץԴȻоֵҲû룬һعͷ˴һӣԾ·ƽʱӾ꣬һˣҺм䰡
ѵҽǽˣ


006 
ν˫УҸջؼҾͲ㱻ǹŪںֱۣȥҲ̫ù˰ɡ
Ҳ̫ʵҴСͼˣԹҲûֿͨ־壬ԼϻһŷëµİҪ˵ǽ˵⣬Ҽɷɲǲһ㣬ͯƵĶɶ˵ġ
ûƵԼĴУÿҿѧУЩ߸˧ŸŮݵʱĽʺްͻȻ룬ҪǸ߸˧ǽô죬ǴС
Ǵ˵еČ˿̬ɣ˭ҵʮˣŮ˵Сֶûǣĳ⣬ʱҾ׼ͳϵܳ·ĹһʱͻȻҺ洫죬һͷһסˡ
ʱһӰңǰһԶĵطӱӰĿǸӣһɫĽ£ʱ֪ڹĵɶ⣬һͷһ·˵·
ͷһҲ˲ôˣͳ϶һǹҴȻ϶ź򣡡
ʱҲǴ϶һǹˣŮҵĻ󣬻ͷһҴ죬ȻǸŮŮ־ϧ˵㣬غBɣҲˣϧ˿ϧˡ
Һ˼룬ҪסһɾһʱͻȻҵ϶һۣŮȻһŸ
åǸŮ񷴶˾һվһӳŮˣһҵݺ񶼱˺üعһǸŮŭӳĿҡ
գ湻͵ģʧˣҼǸͶˣ˺СĵĿʣ㵽ʲôֱӳ˶ӣ˴˵д״⣬ǲֱɱ˵ġ
Ϊûʵ壬ֻþɱסʮ¥һɱ㣬ǾͻþΪſڣȻܳ㣬ԾʱͻŶȥԺȻˤˣܶɱʵõ·ײĻǺĻͲҪʧ룬۾𾭣߾ۿʲôֲĶҪ
Ȼ˵һĹһľͻḽϣȻ¥ҪĹӵĻף˰ɡ
ðɣԹͨͨˣҲɵXֻһһֻ׼ĺһܣǻˣǹ
գϣֻɲô˼ҪһС椣ϵģͳ϶˵ҪⲻҪôҵ
ܿҵĲڵõˣΪڴ
ϣ̣ȥˣˣΪ㶪ءһ˵һߣͿߵӣͳӣһ˵Сԣףȿȣطˣ˵ź뵽ʲôһҪͷ뿪
裡ʶ˵㣡С椿һȥͣһž̷磬Ҳæ˵̣ˣƨ°ȥϣ򣬱򡣡
ҿǰһ̵һĻͻȻ΢紵϶ϵһɺ⣬˸սŷӦ˹æջҵıվڱϿС椿Ź磬Сһߴһ˵ʶҲȫǱ̬
һ߱һң»˵ұ˿ҲŪѾġ
ʱҾ͸оСٴһ㣬ȻȻʰңþȻղС椵һʱ֮ǰǽ飬طйİ
ҵʱ͸е󱳴һɱĸо䣬͸żһĸоҾ͸оԼȻˣԣȻڶǸС椵ķȥڿư
ұˣ
ʲôһĹֿ϶ܰҿǸС椻ûͷûҵ쳣Ҷʱ뿪ôҲ˿ڡ
ʱС椺綼Ǳҵķھǻһ׵ķʱͻȻǸС椾ͻͷˣϾȻһŷ˵УһֻͨĶң
˵žһŷʹҵؿϣûоʲôʹҲȻֵĺڹѪƿӾȻŵϵĺ˹ȥѵֻˣ
ԭſ£ҪһƿȥһָȥװɶǺڹѪһƿӾ͸ˣҲһĺڹѪճҵϡ
ͻȻҵﾹȻһŮ˵ĲҽŮʮӣ쳣ʹࡣ


007 ˮç
군ˣҵʱͻˣ˭ܲţȻϴҿоͦ򵥵ģһ£岻Ƶұģһбðָоʱܺ¡
ǰС椳һĺɫƤ£ͻȻͳó߿ŶӣͨĶӣľģϸϸ̶࣬С߸ӾҪңҿǻ亹ҪǸȲ˵˵˵ľͷģʱȡʱľָоͻġ
ʱʹ󺰣ҸǣʬѨ
ҵʱĻʱһĸж룬磬Ժ׸ˣ׸绹ף㡣
ɣϴʬϴɾûҡҡλξվǸСʡ
裬XXOOģҵʱһ뷨ˣȥҪⲻҪ𣬰ġ
СԣһֻѾͷ׷ˣȻѨֻʱȻ취ŵɡ
绹û˵СѾһŸ̵ˣҵڵϣСſһɫĶӣһƾĽҵؿڣҵʱҲûоʹͿ˲ѪС椻׼ʱͻȻһһ䣬ʲôֻȥһһһɡ
ǹˣ˵㿴һӦˣȥ׷Ů˵ӰʧҵǰҲȨȡ֮ǡ
ۣգۣۣرؿڣǿǻôһҿؿڵѪҲԴҲԺ
Ͻ˵ѾͷС軵ˣղû˽ֱãͦŵ㣬ҸϽȥҽԺ
衢硣һ۵ҵʱѾ籧ˣ籧ڿ񱼣ǰʣ㣬㵽Ǹʲôġ


Ժ۾һ۵Ĺâյ۾գ˼£ҿ˿ҴʱһأҲ󣬾ʮƽģԱ߲ǿյģ˿棬̫ģӦǹȥһҹ˰ɣӴҲԿǳٳľӦҽԺŶԡ
Ҷ˶ػ۵ҪһҲҶˣ溰ҽԺ󣬾߽һʮҽҽһѹұҶȻ󷭿ƤóһСͲ۾Ȼŵ˵ͷû⣬Ҿʣҽ˯ˡ
һϣȽϳɹָҲȽϲǿ;ֻһףڵСӣҽ˵һѣת뿪ˡ
ҽ뿪ûӣҲһȳһյĽˣʱҲòȥԴøľһһɫӲһҴ˵û°ɡ
ԭϰԵ˵һûµģͻȻҾ͵ɴ۾˵ƨû£գ֪ҽ˵ǿ;ֻһ׵ľˣҲ͹ˣ˵û¡
ⲻûôǸС椻ûѾǸ漣ˣ㻹զµӣ϶ǸС椲ٵĿͷ
ͻȻ뵽ʱСץӣģҾʣɶݣ츽Ķʲô
Ҳûɶ㲻ǼôҲ˵ˣ˵ҴС֪Ǽҵ顣˵ͷģٵʱ򻹴һһ㲻ʶʦͽܣȻҾû¸ͷѧ
ʦ𣿻ǸŮ˭ֵĳʡ
ҡͷ˵Ȼǣʦ˭Ҳ֪Ҳͼ棬ǰһΣҲ֪ˣǸŮģŵһԶݣҲͺʶģҸս³˵æͳ˹ȻЩˡ
̾˿ǸʹòֲսҡҡͷŮĻǲҪˣͻȻ뵽Ҿʣûɣ
ûĸǱ߲֪Ҿ˵ͬѧȶͬѧҹҹˡڴߵ˸̹
Һ̵ʱԭŵķһͱ˸һŸ߿ˣ֮ǰǸС椽ԺͿң˫ֱģҺʲôĹϵһȻҳ˧ҲͻȻһ׼أӣ϶Ǻûġ
ǣรһС椵ӣС˵һ䣬ȻԴһȳһյߣﻹ˵ϣͷۣģһزɻᡣ
ҿӣѾ̫ˣҪԴˣװһȳһյĳȥɶⲻǱҵô
СҲҳˣֱӰһѸ˻ָ˵Ϊֻˣ˵ôɣ
ϣҵḶֻ́ô㿴˵ģͷ̳ɶط𡣡һֺõ˵Ȼָ˵ҲܹңҲӢ¸˰㿴СӣûãϽʰʰɡ
СɫͻȻ˵ˣٳˣǲͨĶһֻˮçҪɱ˵ģȻȥʲôطǱҹ
УġһˮçɫҲһЩͻȻ͸ϵ棬ʣ磬ɶˮç
ǳի־УжˮçݶȥתѰΪˮƣͬǣˮçڶˮˮҪûй㣬϶ˡ
˵ҾЦˮô˵ô𣿡ʵңԣ˵ĿУԹĸرãȻȻ֪ǹẦˣǺܶණ֪
ҲҴߣĵ˵㲻󲿷ֵĹʵˣ˵ҺˣֻԩͷծһǲܵģΪǲ˳Ͷ̥ǰæˮçòףԼ֪˭Ի޹ˣĹͱһʱ
ˣԼҽܰɣҽ裬ʦ׾ţҪзˮһˮʦ
ˮʦ𣿡ֵʡ
ȻǣǸС߹˵ҽһ£к˼һץʦ
С԰Щ̲̫⣬򵥵˵͵תְǻĶһ𣿡
һҶʱ˲١
ʵ򵥵˵ˮʦַ֪ˮ֣԰˸Ѩλ˵˵ƵȣһץʦʵǸݸַԼħƽ˵Ҳ
˻ǻ᲻أʵͨģͺñһǴ˵ģһǳô˵ġ
ҲֱӾͳԺǸˮçȥˣΪ˻ûõԭ򣬲ܸһȥ˼Ҳû鷳֪ǲǼֻϣ˰ɡ
ҽĻ뻹ܳԺأ˼뿪ȥץԺĵʱҲóŸҵǱСӿ˿
סԺʱҲڿⱾƴСķ飬ķض࣬ȫץģкָܶģһַ԰ˣճɵĻҲκɰ滭ȻⱾ鵹޵ʱ߿ʱΪʲô֪⣬߿˲֪ˣڶ֪ܿɶѧУ
һֽηŷʱҪҪߵ·ߣȻ˯ǰԼؿڣԼ˯ԺԼ֮ǰõĿĵߣȻǳڻ˯״̬ߡ
иָ廨ŵķʲôƨȥ˾ͻƨһ찡Ū˵ķкܶ࣬оЩ˼޲ϾͿʼ档
ǻһ򣬾ӡƨɰŷмһӡӡҺ֪ŵĵţԼʲݣҲ
ҲдˣҪãԼĵţԼֵȵдֽϣȻдԼĵյŪӡ£ԼĵţԺȻӡܹЧ
ڳԺˣҲڻص˼ҡ


008 
кܶһΣǵСѧĵıǣҵһXXҵһλǰû
ʱԺѾĵˣ⼸캮˼ҲֻˮçҲûʲôʱңһΣ˺ܶطûҵֻ֪ʲôطȥˣţҲ˵Լң˵Ƕˡ
һؼԺ貢ûڼңһСˣһҪܻؼңǰҲǰ֪һڼҵҡ
λصݲ֪ǲײϹһιʲôѹ͸оʯ˫ڿһʯҲúܹ죬ҰŸŷͷԺ˵㣬Ū˵ԵģԺҾżȥˡ
һλⲻû𣬻ǵẒ̌̽Ĳ˵ǸӡҾûС
쵽żҵʱɣһڼҿŮսʿһȻȹңһץǸ۲۵ͷС͵Ѹϴ裬ޣҺ硣
ҲûԺоȵģϼһﲢϲյǰΪǽԼ磬֪ԭſյΧĽͣණ
ţԷûҼȻ˼ҽҶģȻÿ㣬һƤЦľϣƲһۺٺһЦ˵Сһɶң
ţǸɶǱ鲻ҪӡôȥʲôطӡҸ£
㣿аʦƲһЦ˵ʦ
һСʱΪƭİǣүүҶйŰʦˣֱӾ͹ȥѧ˵ʦϣͽһݣ
𣡡ţ˵Ҳͽˣ
ȥүģ㶺أұҡͷ˵ɶҪʦҸҸʦʹˣûǷĴͽˣ¿ɱҴˣҸ绰ɡ
˵žĵ绰һʲôһžüЦ˵СҸ˸ͽܣʻ㵱ͦġ
ûһ᲻֪Щɶž˵ⲻϲ𣬹У˵ˣСһﲻġ˵žͰѵ绰ݸ˵ҪʦԼ˵ɡ
绰ʣǸг»ԵСӣ
еϤˣͻȻ绰˾ǰŵʱǸ˵ǿı϶òæ˵Զԣҡ
ΪʲôҪѧͻȻңһ㶣ϸһ룬Լ֪оǺ棬ȻҪ˼ͽҿ϶˵Ҿ˵Ҫնħ·аΪΡ
СƨһôħָɱЦһ£ǲҰɣȻʵҶԼ˵Ȼϼһ˵ģһҪӵģͽˣҼסɵּǾǣ
Һ滹иŮʲôּ֮ġ
ּǾϰףҪʦأû¸ʦ绰ʦȺȲ裬椣ŶͲˣҺðʦĸģǵТТʦˣ벻ɶּں
˵סˣҽ׾ţͽܣɶҲܣҪõȥϼҲܱ㣬ҼסԲѧĵȥˣаʵһ֮䣬ʱҪѳֲס㣡
ǱġҲģҪǶ׾˵˵ƣо˵ģҾ˵ʦϣܵһݣ
ˣЩ׵ĶˡͻȻʲô˵ˣһøһţͽУʦֵǸͽɣһ£Ͳ˵ˣͷ˵ˡ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
Ҷϵ绰ԺŪˣĪ˸ʦĪ˸ĵţſ˵˾˵߰ɣȥӡ£Ūˡ
ŪˣֵʣžͰһ˵׾ȡ־⼸֩̾ˣҪĸ
ɡҵʱҲûɶ
һСӡ¾ͳˣžĴֵָһС£Ȼžһдҵ֣Ȼ˵£
֪ЩĶЩǺܽģæ˫ȹ£žֽ֣صߴ׾ͽ»ԣڸɳճʱ׾£ʦѵϰҵǵɣ
һʹаˣ
ڶʦ֮£
ǰ԰ڵ
Ҫμǣǣ


009 
ʦܹԣܰʦֱ
ȥû뵽Ǹ磬ŵĻ֪ҳʦԺ˲ˣһĶңʱǰҸҼء
ͺ˼ֻˮç죬Ȼûͷһ֮Ҳ׼Ϣһ죬ټˣҲ۵òС
磬˵ѲҺһᣬհʦûѧأòҲǽˣھֻˡ
һ˵ȿȣɶҪ֪ʦҲרҵģҪҿˮǻУһûѧ
һϰߣһֻҪһ㣬ͻشֱ˵ԼģǾƤëģ˵û£Լһԣ
˵Ҳ鼤Ĵ͵͵óһŻֽëʣɰϻŵڹѪ
ȥһ룬ѻֽм䣬ɰͺڹѪһԵĵ˴棬Ȼһ£ëմһڹѪɰϳɵ⣬ȻͳǱС飬ķ࣬ĵһŷҪɶ
Ҫ϶ܻƨ֮ĵͼ⣬һ϶߼ģֱ󷭣ԽǺԽѣڶҳڿһȽˣһ˵ȼȼĻԷչа
˧ˣˣҲԱߵˣëʸŷĻʵ⣬зܸӣеķͼʣеķͺܸӣҪ仭С
һȽϼ򵥣߰˸֣ǹʱ֣Ҳ֪ʲôģдһٳǰɣͦţġ
Ҿ۾Ļ󻭺ŷԺȻҶʮӣҪıʲУҪһһһһĻּ̫ܳ
ԺҲڳһ֪ҶͷĺˮҲ˲ˮԱߵ磬񶼿˯ˣ˵磬˯ˣһˣ
ŶŶ˲ĿˮʵĿһ˵Уòʦүɡ˵Ҳö˶ˡ
һλʦүҪʦүĻ˵һεķأķͲЧȻҪʦүŤͷʣ˵ʦү˭
㣬׾ʦʦʦүʦүǼʼģʦӦŶԣ
ܳôţһ£ʦܾˣǲ֪ôʦүģڿɲܹĵ飬˫ϥ£˫ֺʮëʼָֻʳָ֮䣬Ȼаץն·ջʦ浽䣡ʦү飡˵ԺҾëʵıʼԼͷһ¡
ȻëϵɰͺڹѪͿĨӡϣȻ˫ӡ£ڷмȥȸȥԺͻȻŷȻ˺ܵܵĹâȻܵеģһ͸ˣɹˣ
ҳ˿ۣѹ󣬲Ҳҵ飬˫ֺʮӡ˵ʦȻŷ£ŷĹâʧˡ
һŪԺͿ޵Сӣһξʦүɹܶʮβųɹģ
ţû취ҵʱԴеȱĸо֪ΪʲôǵһλֵɣͻȻ͸оؿںƣʶľתͷʣ磬ҲоӺư
Ҹתȥ˫ѾʼˣҲһĲһʶľͳżǸаʯ˹ȥΰ£ŷ֪ɶʱڵˡ
ûܣҾͱһӸ˵ϣ˫ҲҵĲ
ȻʲôУҲӺ赱ʱҶƲ˵ˣʱŰۣ˫ңҲû˵ҲûãҲźɿҡ
˫ץϣջһЩܺȻ鲢⣬ҵ̫СˣʱҵĶϣұѹڵϣҾʹҵϥı
ȥõģȥﻹڵ߶ʵû취ˣͻȻ뵽ǱᵽͷѪ֮аɷ⣬ʱҲ˲ôˣʹһҧ
գۣҪǲ֪ɶоԼһԣָо治֪ô˵ˣƽտЩЩһҧͷѪûһ
ʱ۵ᶼγˣûѪûѪζᣬʹһڣڣͷҧˣﴫŨѪζҺſˮһھ͸ȥ͸ˮһоͦˬġ
类һ£Ȼʹ֮һ˫ͼ̶ܴҳûһŰ˳ȥʱſڵϹȥģֱǻɰĺڹѪȥϾȻð̣͸ӰһҲĶͷϣȻˣϣ뷣


010 Ҵˣ
ƨ̫ˣԭһŵģ˵ֱӸɵҼɷ񣬵ҲҪ˰ɣû뵽ڶͷðһǣ˵õһٳأ
ûݴˣҲûָһ¾Ūתȥڲ㣬죬ܲû̫ҳҼǶ¥˿ǹܸܲ˰ɣͷһ磬ԣӦ˵ֻ˻Ȼ׷˳ҿúëˣ˵ܰ
ֱҲ֪˵첻ܳ˼ֱڿӵֻҪû⣬ʲôʱǿԵģֻǺܶϲȥ͸˲ϲϳȥһģʱ⣬һʢʱ򣬲簡ɫˣƳ̫ĿǲˣֻܰȾʹżˣǿҪĹϵɣҲûɶˣֻмϴڽ·
ҺһǰһٺҲûȥϾǿģֻܹʱǻһ䣺ӣӣܡ
ôҪİʹĿ񱼣Ҳܵ߯죬ܵһ룬ͻȻʮ·ײſɢĺ˼Ҳ첻
ʱ˼ȸкģڿ񱼾ʵôɶأͶ̥أ
Ҫܼ㻹ȥͶ̥ˣҵĹ̰ˣϽŪܵ˼һҲûŵľͶˣʵҲ˵ֻ˵˼սͨŮĲΣ˵ĲˣȻ˼ҲоԾȥĶӾһߣ̫˧ˣ͸ĵӰƵģ粢ûֱӵɳȥվԭûȶɽ
Ż̩ɽӣѣȻֻ磬Ҫſˣ磬ֱƨˣ˼ԺͳҺҵȻסһᣬ㱳ȥǱߵɵ
˼˵ӾǰˮçӣȻ٣һЩˣڵûʲô͵˴֣Ȼ˭֪ᷢʲôء
˼͵ĳȥؿϣȻ빥ǳɾһžͳ嵽ǰȻһҧֵָʹĴüĴȻ˼˧Ĵһ⣡
һ⻰ȻһҲˡ
Ҫ˵йˣղź˼ô͵Ĺ򲻶ֶֺξ̫ˡ
Ҹ̾˻ʱ򣬶Ҳ˺˼ĽʲôϽæ
ŶһعϽܹȥüͿ磬͸彩Ӳһֱͦͦģ̧žܣȻֻʮףŸ˿񱼣˵ɰˣܽҾܲˣһӰ˦˵ϣ˼ָҲüĴ
û˼ֱϥǺݺݵĲӴͷһ룬粱ӻ᲻ᱻ߶ϣ
ҲЩʱ򣬺˼óһľʵذףӦľ滹һЩϸСķģȻžҪͱһæ˵㣬̣аҪģ
ɶأû࣡ˣ°˼Ʋһ˵Ҫѵ㻹볬ֻˮçֹӦֱŪɢ
Һѹ椳ôأԭǰˮçˣȻҲֱӸɵֻ˻ҲΪİȫ룬պ˼˼ذһһдˣô鷳°
椹ƺûɶ飬ҿаϾһ𳤴ģֹؼʱ̻ǵþģҾ˵̣ȻŪȥſ
ɶզأﻹͱˣһᵽź񻹱Ҵ̼һذ׾ҪͱˣҿذףҲס
ͻȻʹ𣬹̣ͱң磬С簡侲öֻ۾ɵϴֱĿǸذףĭ
զģʡ
Ϲõ΢Ц˵ڸղһ֮ʣұĹѹֻڲѾûˡ
˼˵ֻ˼̧Ҫͱ
󿴴ֻƣˣ£ģİ
˼ûˣվҿ˿ü˵ֻ̫ѶԸˣ
ǿ𣿲ʲôţܿɻʣվŲӣɤеɳƵ˵ţʧˣǰ껹һӻڶûƿˣ㲻֣ȿȣ̣湻ݵġ
˼һü˵԰ղֻˮçˮçĻ϶һû˵ĵطŪˣ׷»Ըʲô
ҲûҸߺ˼ŭֻпһ˵ΪҳñȽ˧ɡ
ͻȻ绰һಱӣһ߽绰ʣ˭ʲôãϹӵһɫˡ
绰ɫĿ˵Ҵˣˮçɵģ


011 ʬ䣡
ҴӲԶϱ߶ʮӾܵΧԾҴ֡
ҴҲͷһʣ˭ĵ绰
ϼһüͷ˵ȥҴ忴Ѿˣ
ǵҲҵ飬Ƿ·ģʱɫ԰ףͷҲ麹Ǳ֮
Ǻܿ͸ϵҴ壬Ҵʮˣ󲿷ַݶľͷģֻһשӵ׳϶ȥˣֻһЩ˺һЩûСڴ档
һ·Ҳ绰һЩ⣬ǸһͷȫʮˣһˣŮӲТ˳Ͱȥˣͷ𣬺ˡ
ȫסڴӵмһש棬˵һŮ˴ǮТ˳
ȫСשȥݣȫʬͷݵм䣬һײʱԱ߽üء
滹߰˸Ա߶߶޷Ǿ˵ʲôȫŮТ֮Ļûǣ˼ֱߵԱСʣͷôˣʲô
üʹһɫָָʬ壬ȻͶƿǿײȻǶ⣬ֻ˿ˣ˵ǵһοʬ壬Ҳܺ棬ͷһûŵ
ʬɷڣƤˣԼԼܿ˵ģŸǿԺҲһ£һۣȻǻ˰ײվֶЩ˼˵λүĺͽˣһúóģҲˣذɡ
˺ܲʦͿˡЩ˼ҶŷԸһЩͻȥˣһЩ뿪ԺҲȥ˷ţһ¾ͺµĪˣʱʬôܲ£
ˣҲ˵ϻˣүǱʬģҲˣѾʼʬˣղһʬϮˣһֱ˼ȥüһջһСʱС裬Сԣ￴̫үҪʬԲҪܳȥȻ˵Ҫܡ
أҿܾʶʡ
ȥֻʬֻʬӦǱˮçѵģԼСĵ㣡˵Ժͽ˳ȥ
㣬ȥüһһû˵꺮˼Ѿ˳ȥһҲġ
Һ۵С۵ģŵǾʬ壬ܳⶼɶ°ֱܵߵһǸʬԶԶģҲѧңܵſұߵĽ
ס̫үأҸҴģҪһﶯһ£϶תܣһ㶼ԥģ磬ڻڷˣһ硣
ι磬ȻȥһҪһʬˣˣԩ㿴СܣͻСǴСһû˵꣬æվһ˵ˣСʱүãүദһ£Բԣû⣬ǾͬģҾſڣͽУ
˵ʱ˾ѾȥҰѴŹصˣũţľͷģ֣ûУʹţ羹Ȼţҳȥ
磬ţҳȥ͸͸һͷǸŰײʬ壬֪ʲôʱͻʬһŵ÷簧
СԣģҸ㸣ûµģˣ˵Ϊ²һҲûϵ԰ɣ⴫
үʹһ£֪磬һ¿ʬȥ꼰ǿ϶Ὺŵģһͷһ֪ǲǴҺ񿴵ֻʬ嶯һ£һëˣɶҿ˿߶Ƿݣ˸˵ģȥˣ¥
ũҲߣӶ¥ȥűˤ˶ѣܱϼһðɣ뵽Ҿһһƹʬ壬Ȼʬ¥¥ߣŶ¥ߣ¥ݵľͷֻһţȥԺʹ˼ţľͷžȻӲҪ߲Ҹ׼¥ʱͻȻ¥µݾʹĽŲ
亹ˢһ¾ҿɲǼһķֽˣҪ˼ŹҲʰǼһˣҲҲ˵ھĵģֻнŲ
ҶԼһ죬ס˱ӣӢĵӰľʽҿ֪ģסͲᱻʬʲôĿ
ʱʱͺһһһĹȥҵٶҲԽԽ죬ģҾͿ¥ݿүҡҡλε˳¥գʬˣүȥ͸ʳһʳɶɲô


012 
үĶٻᣬһһ˹һҧ¥ݾһ·û·ֻƴˣ
һҧү¥תǴʱҴһȻȥһžүؿϡүҲûôͣһžߵ˵ϣȻҡҡλεվҼԼһž̵ϲҲûݵô
ʵոʬĽʬûжͣӦö˵ڽ׽ɣͼĽʬһʱ䣬ͳ˽ʬ׽ʼ˶£ץ㼦ѼԣڽŸҹϮһЩˡ
үڣƾǳ˺ڽʵϸ֮£ϲǱˣǳ˺ܶںëڽҲô֮ܶԱڽɱΪʬµûԲűŪġ
ңȻҲ£һ߷ԺҲûôˣʼ£򲻹Ǻڽվҳȥʹһıϣߵúݺݵײǽϣһ
ҵʱͻȻүץסҵȣȻſʹһڳСҧҾ͸оȴ˾ۣգҽʹԴȥ߿ҵͷһʱҴһ̿㣬ҵһܴӡ澹ȻðźѪ
군ˣ
ˣҵʱҲ֪ȭȭŽſ϶ǴϼһģϼһҲͦӲģҵʱͳһﻹûæ¥ȥˣִ˼һҧ㣬ֲϲŰ
ܵ¥µʱžһ߿˴ţŸոպһͳҺ𣺡Сģʬ
Ÿ¥ͻȻ͸оһɺϮһִֻҾ˦ҺݺݵˤصǽϣˤûۣҾ͸оǲǹͷ˼
ʱҲʱˣ̧ͷһֻʬͻȻʹסҵĲӣȻ⽩ʬһɫٷԴŸɫԲñ϶ùˣܶฯ⣬һЩ棬ĵúܣӦǰһЩ֮ġ
һҵĲҲǴңҺݺݵǽңײصģѸҹ³ˡ
ʱҲڸϵˣֺݺݵǽʬĺʹһ飬ǽʬʱͻһҲ¿ҲָоĲܡ
˷뷣źԺʬȻתȥţһ㣬֪ʲôطӳһŷ䣬ֻʬĶͷȻȵ뷣
ʬ͸ӰһһˣŽһԺ󽹼Ŀʣһأ
¥أҿľ⽩ʬʱҲʮԵҲӵѧˡ
Ŷ˵Ⱦ¥˹ȥûһͰֻڽȻֻʬŪһС棬˰ײ˼Żˡ
磡ȥүģҿͳȥƨһţҲ⣬ƤЦ˵ⲻûôҾ˵㸣󣡡
Ұһۿź˼һɫĿڴںܶ೬װ˵Ļһ滹һͼҾͳź˼Ƶ˵㣬ڲⶼˡ
źͺ˼ֱңſź˼ʣ˰ɣ
˼˵ͷŵͷԺ˿Һ磬̾˿˵ӹƻأСһɡ
ɶأ˵ôҿ˵ӣɻʡ
˵ͷ˵ţطԾӵķˮ⣬ľŵŰиеͣϸǿģϸӳɱȵ̵ĸ֣˲ú԰ɣ
ƽʱ࿴³ྭ㿴˵ģֻ˵һ֣ʵһˮ֡
ע⵽ûӵ޵úܸߣ˵ߣ³ྭдŸʤ˶Ÿʤڱܣ䷨Ǹ׾֣޽˼һӾɱȵ̾֡
ڶǰǲֲ·һô⻧˼Ů಻ТʹǻصҲֵòðϱ˼ңõҲƣȡǵڶ֣ӭţֺˣð
ҲΪյһᦻ֣ע⿴ģ֣³ྭмصһһᦣз¶㣬п֮أĴţ͸Ĺϲһ֡
ˮ֣йɱȵ̣ӭţһа֣һɱ˶һֱúֵıضĳ֮ˣȻҲǺ⻧˼дޣô˵үѾ˾ˣҽȻ˾ͲˮּԵˮ֣


013 Գ
ƾ֣ôƣ
ߵҴűߣȻһžͳʹȥһŰͱ˸ȻʹһţߵĴžͱߵˡ
ߵߵԺͷ˵ˮΪôƣֱƵžˣⶫҲ̫أȻܶطӣΪˣԽǸӣԽܳһֻҪٵžƵ֣Ȼٿ̳Ƶ־ˡ
ӣһҲжˣԵģˣӲ֪װˡ˵һȳһյ˹Ȼ˸Сʾˡ
һȥʹĳұߵĴȥȻζû
ûã˼һ䣬һѾͰ˻ȻȥһߣһŰӦأɾ䡣
ŻٵԺҲվҿ˿ͻȻʹ˵ˣɣزصĸʲô
һûŷʲôʱĽоȻ߽һʮˣ˴һɫװһЦ˵ͷӦѾ˰ɡ
㻹湻ݵģӦþ޵İɡźһ˵ҵҪƾʲôˮɱˣ
һȵĿˣָʣɱˣ
ҲʶĺҲֻ࣬к˼һĿǸˣ˵ǲæĹ˹˵˵Ҿ˵ҵ飬оĲԣǡ
˵ԺҲһȻָ˵λȻ˵ɣҽԳ
ԭԼҺܾþжԹˡ
Լ洫ҴľũҵĶԹôԳףΰ̫үĶԹ˵
ΰȫʵҪõֵܣһ𳤴󣬸һֱܺãֱ˶ʮ꣬˶ǵʱպ֪磬һŮ֪࣬Ů֪˼ʮ꣬˳Ư֪ʱ½Ƚ磬Ҳ࣬ҲΰȫȻǵʲõľ
տʼҲǹģϾһ𳤴ҲԸΪһŮ˺˼࣬Һܴһܰ۹ɲ£Ҳ޸ˣһǿ˵ġ
˼ԺũģҲʾã˵ԼڻСкø֮ģ˰Լɻ
˼Ҳȷ˵Լϲ˭ȫǰʱ˵ΰôôãΰǰ˵ȫôôá
ҪһֱȥҲûɶ̫ϵû꣬˼ĸĸϹϵ԰Ūسˣʱҥ˵˼Ҹ㣬ڵʱҪҥԣͿ϶ȡˣϾʱôйϵ˶ԼŮسء
ΰȫҲǲŮ֪ߣҲʹԼϵ治ߡ
Ů˵˼ǿµģ˼Ȼ˵ΪҲ˵ͻȻͶȫԺã˵ԼϲԼسУǲôĵط
ȫܺ񣬵ʱô죿˼˵ȫɱΰ˵ɱ˲ᱻ˷ֵģɱ˵سǹͽȫһȥӡ
ȫʱǴϲ˼ʹӦˣϾԼΰڴӶߵһС֣ҪΰڿҪΰʱ˼ʹŴ峤һѴˡ
ʱǰٿĪ磬Ϊȫڴϵã峤¾ѹ飬˼Ҳ뿪Ҵ壬ΰҲʧ˴棬ӴѶ
ΰȫνǺ޲ֱӳɱҲʶɱǷģ׼պһᡣ
Ȼΰڳ򹤣Ҳ˸ӽӣԳԳʮʱ͵˰֢֮ǰҲһиԳԳͻѰһᡣ
պõʱȫҪשԳľȻһݳ֣ȫ޽Ȼ޳ˮ֡
ȥˣȫʱԽԽ󣬵ŮԽԽТ˳ҲԽԽȫҲһ첻һ졣
Գ˵ԺҲͷ˵ʱȫɱϰֵĻҪҲûɶԡ
ֹ룬ͺ˼ɫҲ˺ֻܶ࣬ڵһ¾վԳһ˵ǲǻжû˵ꣿҪҪҼ˵
Ҫ÷ˮҲͰˣ㾹ȻѧֻˮçˣֻʬҲô÷ˮİɣ³ྭĶѧЩԵʦү³𣿡ſ˫ĵԳʵ
ʦүϵ㱻ɱʱôæҾΪߣҲ̫֣ԳҲŭվ˫ۿţֻóһһɫСƿӣ滹һŷ
ֻˮç˰ɣҪҶ𣿡ſԳӣȻŭȫʧһģǶԺ˼˵Сļһأ
˼ǸɫСݸţſԳһЦӰóһѺɫľ˵ɣҿСжͣ


014 
ŽžԳ˵Ͷɣ̫үǷųô㣬ҪˣҲ˵ĳҲˣͲ鷳㿴Σ
ô֪̫үĻԳ¶˾㵵ı飬Ц˵Ѿ·ˮ֣һֻʬɱ̫ү˵Ӧ뿪ˣȴٳٲ뿪ǶӺʩĻǣΪϣΪ֮
УͱԳҲ£ȻִӰóһСĲƿ͸װùСƿӴСһҲһŻɫСԳ˺
Ҳ˺ͺ˼ߵӱԵ
ߴӱϰһСӣȻӰóһСϸϻƲм¯¯ԱС죬ȻóһС룬ڹѪɰ׼òˣԳҲǲֻ࣬ǿƲ˵ϡ
ʱҲСʲôǶҲҽˡ
ԭһΪĶŪһЩִһܣǴ򣬲Ƕʼʵǵ֮д͸Ȼ㵽Ϊֹһ˺ҲǶкܳһ֣ǶһСȻʩᣬС˭Ͼ˭Ӯ
ԺԳѾ˺Сƿķ䣬ȻСƿмһףû뵽ǸСƿӾȻƯ˿С
ȻųֵģһָƯСƿΪã԰ᶯ뷣
ԺǸСƿӾ;ֱ߷˹ԳҲæ·飡
ʱǸСƿӾƯڿУһǱ߷һ㣬һԳһ㣬˾Ȼ
ҵʱԳһʱ뷨˵磬ȻȥŪשһ£ǾӮˡ
˼һһ˵Ϊͷô㱾£⿪˵Ľᣬڻ뺦̫үĶŮ̫үǱ𣬵̫үҪ˵ĻⱨӦġ
ȥһɶýġҿǸԳͷĺˮʼӿˣžȻһɵӣʱҲ
Ǽ˶û뵽ǣʱӵ¶ͻȻͽҾͿһʮŮͻȻŵŮһɫ·ɫ԰ףָ׳ںڵġ
ҿˣͺ˼ûпһҾͳŴ󺰣Сĺ棡
ˣǸŮŵĺ󱳾ץȥ̲סһǸСƿͻȻԳǱ߷һء
̲סԳڤ粻飡
Ҳʶĳ˹ȥźһűûˣ˵ֱܶ˺ɡ
ҵʱ͵ŵıʣҸô죿
˵û취Ӻͺ˼ұֻֻӦþˮçˣĳˣʱ˵ͣպܿѪסһˣ
˵Ժžͳ纰ӣСѾҺ˵˵˾Ǽ͵һٲС
գԭһ߿Ϸͺ˼һҲͳԳ˹ȥ϶Ǵ򲻹ģԳһŸ˸Գ߷ʱ˼Ҳһ߷Գ
ԳҲ˸ģͺͺ˼ˣžȻѵ£ȻץԭǸɰڹѪ֮ĶԼĨ
漣ǣԭʲôûеģһĨϺڹѪʱͳںڵӡǣĨϺڹѪðݣ۵ûǺԭ⻹о綾ġ
ʱһҲֻҺˮçˣڵҧгݵģ϶ǲܰæͺ˼ָˣ˳־ϵڹѪֻˮçȥ
ֻˮçʱ빥أڹѪһã͸һȻֱĵ㡣
ڹѪ֮ڹ˵Ҳȷǳˡ
ֻûӻߵӰĹ˾ܣʵϹǴԹ⣬ֻҪɱ㱨𣬶ǲߵģǼŭˡ
ʱǸ龰ֻˮçŭĿһҵĲӾץ˹ҵʱһû뵽⻹ԽԽ£ľʹĳȥ
žһľܴ򵽹ģȻһӾ͸鵽ǽϣǡɵүﾹȻŸ廭Ȼø˹̹һˮçײģʱҽһײø߻ڵϳ鴤
ʵûдô޵УҲǿģͺñֻˮçʵҲǿȻҲҾ͸ſ£ȻΪײǽ廭ԭҲ˵׼˭ɶԭأҸſһֻˣҵʱҲеС⡣
ƨƨߵߵֻˮçǰһ£ѧŵӰЩʦĿ˵ڤ粻飬е
һû˵꣬ͻȻžʹ𣺡Сģ
ԭڵϵˮçȻ۾һˢһ¾צӳλץ


015 
ҵʱˮçٶȺܿ죬ҲָŻ֮ܳ־ңֻؿԽԽʱͻȻһһоһ
ۻζһ£ȻعͷһǰȻи·Сһץסˮç֣ⲻǵӵʱǸСŮôȻֻʮһ꣬ǵ־ץסˮç֣Ȼʹһ߳ˮç߷˻ȥ
ɶԵڰҰСͶ˰СŮߵˮçǰһץסˮçĲӣȻһھǸˮçҧȥһڸ˺һСȻڳֻˮçٶȺܿ죬ûһᣬֻˮçȻԹˡ
СԣôˣֻˮçأŵûСԵˮçĳŤͷЦһ˵Ǹˡ
ʲôžȵĿңʱǸСҲ׼ͻȻžǰûֻңȻӰͳһСƿӣ¶һĨԼ۾Ժ󣬾ͺ񿴵ֻСãһϾüëһʣС㵽ôģ
ôšԱСһ£ŵһۣʾұ˵˵ɷֲܿһֹڻСûʲô⣬ԹԺƲסԼɱɱˣɹġ
һҲòеأϾҲ棬ʶľͶ
С㵽ôģҪô𣿸ңȻұذûɢŵʱ뷨ӦþСﲻܱΪҪǲܱ𣬳޾ԽѹԽʱһɱ˵ĻɾͲ롣
ŸղСֻģҲе㵨ˡ
ңҽ롣С¶е㺦µģ˵ˣ˵ʵҲ֪ԼôģѧʱҰθһޣ˵͸ҵģ޻ؼңȻεްˣҾˣҲҡ
Ҿ֪ӦҰκңҪ˰ұ𣬾СʱϽüͷָ˵ղҲҸоΣգǳԺͿƲסԼԲųԵ˸ղǸ̡
Ժ˵ͷ˵ô˵ʱӦҲûԹôǱ˹ɷĿӦҲǸθɵģΪʲôҪأ
ֻҪҵΣ㱨Ϳ˰ɣĻСӦûġ˵ԺͿ˵СԣƳˣСһղѾ㣬ôҲûɡ
ҵʱʵܾͦģɲôܰļһҲ϶򵥣ʱϸһ룬СѾͷҲֿģҲľܾ˵гǿĺòãȿȣȻʵҪǣҪǾܾһһҪǷſˣҪǴ򲻹СѾͷǲͿô
ǵȻ԰ɣģҵпǺǿģǰôȥԺҾȥҳŪ㱨𡣡˵õȻǳ죬ҲŴ۾Цĵͷ
лл㣬ԻԸ磡ǰҲǺܴСھͿʼиˣµսֳܱ㲻
ˣȻӦˣ룬ҲúԼ£ſ˵һ㲻ɱˣʲôУڶ㲻ܸڳ»ˣȻĳˣأͨȻûʲô㲻УҪǸϣ϶þ֢Ҳ϶Сù˺Уһ壬Խȥһ»ԲڵıҲͬͬ⣿
˵Ͳ֪ʲôطһС壬žĴָָͷСǿ̵һ⻹
ֻҪЩͳ⿪ͿԷ˵ԺͰ彻ҵϣ˵Ȼ䲻ҴƱ˵㱨𣬵϶ᾡȫġ
ллλˣǺˡ뿴ͦģһҲɣӺ񻹺ܸһԺ󻹳˸Ȼ档
ҵʱ룬ⵥСҲѹֻᱻ˸ˡ
Ҳæúˡ
ȥԺҲ֣صĶ˵ΣգȻЭ飬ͿƲסԼƽʱעⲻҪȻߺΣգҲкôҲøҪΣҲ԰æֻҪʵ䷴ˡ
Уǵÿ³һʮ㣬ϾСӣҪͷŲڵġŷԸЩͻȻһԴˣиԳ˵Ͱ˳ȥ
ҿ˿е壬Цһ£ʵҲ밲ȫ϶б֤ģŵĻɷ϶ȥ˰Ҳ˳ȥæʰǸԳȥˣ


016 
ҺܳȥԺͿ˼Ѿε˵ϣԱԥҪҪ˹ء
Һ߹ȥһʣԭʱ׷ԺǸԳͻȻҩԵսȽϸߵĺ˼ʱԳҲ׷ȥתͷˡ
ԭ׷ģǶԱһ˵սȻľ˼ˡ
ԳܵҲû¶ʲôȵı飬ֻǵ˵ǻ̫ˣȻСĿ϶ȲҲϣԺܺΪ֮
Ŷ˵ˣǸȥ׷ǸһˣϾҺԳҲ޳Թģʱžȱ˼ȥȻһȥֻʬ
ʵֻҲĽʬ˵ĽʬɲܱȵģǸ̫үǱ˺ڽһֵͼʬ֣ǸʬͱȽˡ
ֻʬֱҸطľյ˵Ժ˵ͱǾʬȻָָ̫ү˵߰ɣ嶫иɽﴦǡ
Σ߹ȥŵһɶˣһ룬ԵģǱź˼ôһεεŮⱳʬı
Թ鱧Թǵµģűʬ壬Ȼڴ嶫ɽŪЩľλүˣȻŻڶ˸ӣˣľ鱮
ʱҾز⣬ϼһô죬˾ͲˣⲻǶôʱž˵ڤڤ֮⣬£򣬲ܵƹ
ûɶƹģŹĵԺŴһߡ
ʱžʮˣΧģߵС·ǰ汳֣ﻹںŸ裬һžǰ濪˵С԰ҿųɣ
ͷС͵Ѹϴţǡҵ˵ͷſһ˵϶Ǵˣ˵أ㡣
ŶŶ˵Ĵһ£ʵʶϼһô꣬Ҳͻôо˼ΣǰǸͯ
֪ôǰţƵġŸտڣҾ˵סЩץʬǹڰ޳
ˣǵǰʶСһҲһûûεģ֣ȻѶ࣬ͦˣ㣬ʵѣԭǲģҲҸ㣬ĳ֪İɣǳ곽³ճʱͣҲʮʱһ٣ҪɲˣҪȹͺúõѧЩ첻һ
˵꣬ҵʱҲûĻһ£˵ⲻô
ͻȻתңʱýҲõƤкܶƣкܶͷҵĶͷ͸Դһ
˵ģʵ֪ﻹŵԼүүˣСʱϼһҺ棬ҴСϵû˵үүˣһͷҲеůůġ
ſңҡҡͷ˵ˣڻûϣ׵ĻңһĶȫ̸㣬ϣܶȹ١
ǶʦأͻȻ뵽ʦûɶЦһ˵ָһæأʱ㣬ˣȥɣôûȥҲõˡ
ҵʱҲʮ꣬Ҳûô࣬νĴҲûɶ
ҸսӾͺŷֿˣԼȥžͿڼǹŹʯǰ۲֪ڸɶ
Ҫ˵Ҫ֮ǰĻҿɲˣϾϻǸ룬ߵϣϴε飬û˵˴ӣ۾عͷһ˾ָɳ˵СԣúúĲС
Ŷҵ˵ͷǰÿλ趼̸ģҲû⣬ɳϣһݸңȻʹóһЩֽҴżЩ˵Сԣԭ㶼ôˣҲ˵ʲôҲѧЩ⽨Ű㿼ϹԱȻͨ˵ͺˣѧЩʲô
氡ʶľ˵˵꣬žһҵۣ边Ȼһӣң쳣ŭ˵棿׼ѧѧ˶پϸȫû
˵ģҴСûΣһֱϲңƽʱҲ䣬Ӻܷ
ҸоԼίúܣ˵ѧô𣿡
ңľͻط䣬˷ţҲоίûôʲô


017 
˺ӵûзʲôˣÿͺȥϷҪôǻ棬տʼѧļ鵹ȴˣҲоʵҲûɶ˼ǻʵûô档
˼żϢ죬뿪˳ˣԼˣߵʱҲûҴкҾƣô˵ҲǲսսѰɣȻкһ뿪ˣϸ룬˼ôƯһһμʱ£û˺˾Ͳˡ
Ż߶߶ڼ￴ӣҲϲˣоӻͦģȻ貢ѧҲûᵽˣаҲʵ˺ܶ࣬ûгڡ
µļһξ͹ȥˣܿ͵˿ѧˣҺĴѧѧһ
ѧʮѧʦѧԺͷЦأ˵ѧУŮ͸ҪǮһһȥʮоŸŮһеģȻǴ˵ҲǿѧУ
ǾְҵԺУûǵ죬ҲҪģһֱҵԱʵҾزˣΪһֱҵԱԱôôڹŴԱҲǸԼһôڹԱҲôð
ҵʵǵ֣룬̨䣬һȺɵ˵㰮ģ붼ǿҪ£һǱ˾ѧԺ
ҲһΪʲô룬˵һֺãƯ׼ȥݾźһġ
ǰһ͸ʰһЩϴ·һǧǮݸԺͷԸҪúѧϰϣԺ󵱸þ죬Ϊ
ҵʱ룬ԺҾʹȻһкλõĲžʹˮˣҿɱЦûԶ룬ôʵҪΪָЦSBأЩ񶼵Ц㡣
ǰһҲҺе棬Һһһŷ滭ŻԿͷķ䡣
˵һ£ҲǷԵģֱǽľˮԣÿһַ䣬ʵʱҪԵĿͷͺñһֵƫһÿһԶҪġ
š׺䶥һһȥΣյʱã֪𣿡˵Ͱŷݸҽӹһúܸӣõʱһҿ϶ǻġ
ҺҲ֪ŷ϶Ǻö
ڶ˾ȥ˳վˣһĆ£ҺϳʱҲСĶ˵Сһ㰲ȥɣҿأֻ˻ʲô˵ġ
ҵļİΣأҲͷл˵ллˣͷ
ӻˣҲǵһγԶˣûɶýģƽʱǳԶűȽ٣ڳϾ͸˵ӣŮ಻ࣿ
ࡣָǰһλõһŮ˵ǲŮôʵҲûŮɶֻǿǰ׻ĴϹµģ˵һݵģԼо֣ĺõģòһ㣬ҲᱻΪŮòÿһֵģ˾ͻûȤˡ
ڳϾؼһСʱܿ͹ȥˣҲվˣ³Ժ󿴵վܶŮ˧磬ʮ˾ɣһǴѧģߵ˳վĹ㳡˰죬ҵǾѧԺĽӴԱġ
Ϊ˵˰أڽƽ̨ԱҵģȺӴʦΪԾѧԺ⣬һĴž˽ƽ̨ԱߣҺ翪ʼΪǾأһʲ֪ǽӴʦ
ʦ߸ѧվţʱһֵʦҽܣһ£ԭʦܣʮɡ
ЦͦͰģҺһһͬ־еǽһУҵֺһоŤ˵ʦȡе⡣
ʱ֪ʦʹָŲԶһ˵ǾǽӴĳˣȥɡ
ҴƨƨߵľϳǸ˾Ÿڳأϻе̣ϬҺ˸ǰһλþµ
Ҫ˵ѧУʵֵĺӣҺеǱȽģʱѧ࿴ۣˣԽԽݣҪһˣҵʱǿøսľģͳǰǸ˾˵ʦڴܡ
û£ܺοǾѧԺŪͳɰǸ˾عͷһۣԵĲ
̫˧ˣʦԸ񡣡翴ǰǸ˾Ϳ


018 ӿg
㰤ʱͲˡҿ˿ڴܣҡҡͷҲ£Ҳûˡ
ûһᣬϾһˣ̩ӾȻҲʱҺ̩ǴӸһһĺøǣ˵ʵУһ󲿷ԭҲΪҪͦģС̩ȭеʱ£һ嶼ԣ
̩ϳҲһ³ؿʹĴһȭ˵СҲʱɵİ
ұ̩ÿؿ۵Ҫһ˴кؿһȭʵҪүǻãҲϰˣǵø߶շУʱһŮͬѧк˳־һȭ˼ؿȥˣŮͬѧûѧУֱתУˡ
ؿָԱߵ˵ϼҵĸǣ磬Ժֵˡ
̩ʶĸǡҸս棬̧̩׼һȭؿȥˣһæ˵裬ϵ˳ƺһ硣
̩ˣҲ˼һȭȥˣ˵̩ˡ
ҲܿˣʼѧУȥ
Ҫ˵Уۣ˵УʱǵĸԱ͹ˣ˵ļ֮ģҵʱ˵˷ӵģɲô֮ǰô˭סᰡ
ǸԱһʮĴ壬Ҳʦͽ壬忴˻Ǻܾģʱ˵˷Ӿ˵ҪǱѧУУѧУͲУ
ԭѧУĸֹ涨Ǻϸģ粻ҹޣܿεȵȣ廹˵ЩɲѧУ۷֣ر죬ȰһٹӣȻٿ۷֣ϵҲࡣ
⻰ҵĶˣҸɣӰˣ
ұȽοѧУܴ󣬻Ҳǵ¥520ʱ˸һ£˵˴Сһӳ֮ƣϣܷһһķ䡣
˻Ūһˡ
ʰһᣬʵỹ治иյȻÿѧУ̬ȻǲģҲ÷ֹʰ
̩˸ʶĵͦͶģԸһ㻥̩ʵȽ㣬Ҳ̫˵һ֮ǵһǰ棬ȫܴͬһ߰˴ΰƱÿζ˵XXң֡
ǵǰһʶõˣΪƱʱи˾Ϳͱ֣ԭŻŻˣһǰݰӵĽ飬Ͻʮˣ͸˸ɲзˡ
ʵ۲ǰţһ㣬󣬲ʵҲС֪Լ򲻹ԲŲϵģҪܴģСѧ֮ģƾԲ߽߳١
Ըе㻥ĵͦõģҪҪϳȥһʱֱƿˣһСӡ
СӵʱһҰɫ·ŸС۾ŸɫıһǾЦ˵ҺãҽжڣҽС־ͿˣϣԺգ
ãҾͳ»ԣ̩衣
Ǽ򵥵ҽһ¾һȥȾˣѧɶУرǹ֮ض࣬˵ʱһ˹ݣơƺ
ʼڣҲСֻ˵Լܺȣʱ绹һЦƱصĳС˵ְˣүǣô˵Լܺأ˲˵У֪Ȱ
˵СԱߺҾͺ̩ʹԲˣԼȰɡ
Ҫ˵Ⱦƶ˲¶࣬¶ͲˣСֿʼȵʱ򻹺һһĺȣֱƿӣһƿƿĹࡣ
ȾƶǰģС־ƿΪλģȵô࣬Һ̩Ҳźʱ䣬ң̩˰䣬Сһ˺һ롣
Ҫ˵˸鶼ǴӾģʱǼ˻ȥҪݣͺƿɣˣƷ裬Ҫݡ
Һ̩СҲȶˣʱͲ֪ʲôطŪһ룬ѩ̣ȻǼڵ˵ңǼݡ
ʱ˵ˣŰСѧŵӰʹԼʳָһѾļ˰춼ûѪ
ʱС־ͽͰ͵˵裬磬ɶָûѪѪࡣ
ϡ˵žҪȥһɵˣ磬ƿƶɱˣҾ˵ˣҪֱӽݰɰԡ
ǣǺãϣΪ֤硭绹û˵С˵裬磬ɶǵݣˮذ尡û
Ҳԣ¥ϣ¥Ϊ֤硭
¥¥ûɶưǻǲɡ
ʱҲǺȶˣҲûݳɡºһ£оͦ˼ġ
ڶǼ˯࣬ʱҲԺһһ·ѹˣһã˱һţ̩Ժ˯ء
У̫Ѩպʱ徹Ȼˣ˹ӣԼƣһ˵˻Ҫһ㡣
Ժһ£ڲٳϣȻȥѵһ¡˵ԺҪ֪ͨ˾ת뿪ˡ


019 Խ
ѵҶⲢİʱҲѵǾѵһ֪ѧľѵǲһģʱǾ漯ˣʮΪһʱ࣬ʱûзϵ֮ǰʱ༶
ʮһ࣬һ࣬еĸԼ˰ɣһȫǹʱҲУЩһ治رģãʱӣ˵ˣܲȥ
˵꣬Щ˵ЦǴƽⲻصԱôһ仰˵˭ԼҲϳ
һ˵Ҳû˵ˣզ죿£֣Сʱû۵ò;ͣϢ˼Σһ涼̩ˣ̩Ĳ
ڵʵҲܽоΪʵûľֻһܴװǽоѣװнˣǽһɽϣȵʱѾϾŵˣˣ˵طԺ󣬲ûֱιȥǹôҲǻǺſڴ˸绰Ĵžʹˣ߳ʮˣͷһӵļһ
ͷ˿ʮҰɣ߹֣˵˼׻Ȼͳ˵ǽһ¾úѵܣ֪
ǣ˵Ժתͷ뿪ˣǸӵ˾ͳǺҽԽǵܽͷһ¾ˣ˽ȥܲٳʮȦȻϴ˯
̹٣ǸСʱҪʮȦʱԱߵ̩ͲǽԽľһ۵˹˵ϳ̩ܽԴϾӣֵ̩һԴϣѪӶͷֱ̩ӱԽſˡ
Խſ̩Ժŵ˸̳ȼһڳ˵˭԰ʮˣһſ¾ͿԲѵˣһϣʮҲɣ
Ҳ̫ˣҪǣʮ˿϶򲻹ʱ˭ҳͷ̩ҲǵùԽƢŴģʵһûɶЩҲʲôС۵ˣҪһ̩ղվĶҲվ˲١
ҵʱ϶ܳͷ̩һﰡҪҿ϶򲻹Ҿͷ̩̩ԴѪҲԽ̩һۣҲǸоԼ̫ˣ˵Ҷ죬УСӴȥһ£Բѵˣȫȥܣ
Խ˵һ˳ˣ˽Ҷ죬ҶϽӹֱ̩ӱ̩ˣʱԽҲŸëϽܲȥ
ʱ۵һǲٳԼһȦʮȦ꣬ҴҷһңȻҪһ£ĸһңĸ˶ǵͷ˯̫ˡ
ǿƵľѵˣ֣治Ҳүǣ̫ˣȲٳʮȦȻԷ극վ˵磬극ʮȦվˣҪ֪ʱ찡һ죬µҲ37棬Щǵİ治һĺãǸɫԵĽ̹ٴһȺǾ죬̸롣
ǵĽ̹پǸҶ죬ÿ̹ٴʮˣҶҲͦ˵ģʮҰɣǴ˶٣û¾ͺ죬ͦġ
Ǽ¹̩һֱʲڸдˣʲôʱϣ̩͸Ǽ˵缸Ȼ취̹һ٣̵ġ
а֧㣬ϵģң磬С˶ͬ˵Цأǽ̹ٵҲûһĸ϶ԣ˼Ǽˣ˼һһıæء
̩ǲæҲͲ˵ˣһƲֵԼϲ֪ʲôʱҲû룬˯ˣڶͳˡ
ûп̩ͷΪȥȭأǼϵʱһһıǸԽԴҲɴҲôˣǾȥҶ졣
Ҷ˵̩ϾȻһȥԽ͵Ϯ֮»ԽͷˣԽǾˣ̩֮ݺݵһ٣Խʱֵѧְ̩һ١
ԽûϱѧУǸоѧ˱ȥ˰ɣϿ̩ˣҲزֵ̣̩ܣҲǴģҵʱҧ̩˵Ұ㱨𣡡
̩ҡͷ˵ˣҲˣô𰡣
Цһ£ϻأʱųѾģʱȫŸ˵ģаˣȻջẦ仰


020 뱩
ʵаǵǿʹôʹöѣ£ǵ£Ǿа
ϵ̩С˯ˣҾĵҡ磬Ȼʹ˸ɫҳ統ʱ˯Ժģ߳ԺԺĿʣϲú˯ҳɶ
̩𰡡ҵһ˵Ӵôңѵæô
밡Ҳǽ̹ٵ˰Ȼȼ£ʮٻɡ绹ûҵĻ£ΪǿЦأҡҡͷ˵ǣҵ˼ǣϲһСŮô
һ˵ʱѲ٣ţͷ˵ôˣɱǼһ
ΪҸɱôգ̡
ҲԣƽʱɱĶ£ڴһѣҵͷЦûԽһ𰡣Ҳʲô¡
У翴ҲȤ⼸ѵ˲ٿ࣬ҲͱһӻˣָŽ̹ٵ˵ߣȥɡ
мһٳƽʱѵʲôĶʱҲҴӲٳϴϾǾϺܶ˶ֵģڱԵкܶݴԣҺ˴Ӳݴ͵͵Ǳ˽̹ٵ棬һ׿ӣǽ֣Ͼɽ
Һ͵͵˵ϣȻҾͳǿú߲ŵ壬ҳ翴һۣ˵ͷȻҾͺܿĲߣղ𿪣һɺϮŪ̲ס˸ʱһСŮѾǰһ׵ĵطˡ
ǿģֻǿ˿˵ͻȻ䰡ǹ𣿡
šҵ˵ͷȻͿЦһ£С˵룬ඡ
ҿ˿ɫֵ֣ʣʲôط
Ц˵Ǿ棬Ǹ룬в
ҾͰĵεͼӴ׵ĸ룬ǸԽţ֮ģ˵Ժ¶һ˿΢Ц˵ɱ𣿡
ǲǣͺˡЦһʣ𣿡
ԣ³֮Ҫʮ㣬ǽףĳ˵Цһ˵һû£סͿˣŪ˰˽Խס503ġ
˵ͷȻͳ¥Ʈ˹ȥҳһOKƣûһ¥ͻȻʹ˾
йй
ЩҺЦȻĵĶ׼ǱᣬεжҲͿĸˣԸģľԽԽ࣬ûһҪ˼

ͻȻһӰʹ¥ϵһˤǰһϸһʮ̹еһǲϤӡģ˴¥ϵԺ󣬳鴤£˹ȥҺһãĹȻʺã¥һﶼû
ͻȻҲʶԣ군ˣǱˣôŪͲˡ
磬ϽŪȥҽҼȣҵȥ뵽ôˣȥҹҪˡҵʱҲҵ飬Ҳͷ˾ҽȥˡ
ҲæȾ¥ȥҵʱżܿͳ嵽¥ʱ¥Щһأյ¥С
һ氡氡
ҳȥȵʱﲻ֪ʲôʱѾһˣϻ߸ģ֪ҵʱͳ󺰣룡ˣϽó壬ҲûֶζԸֶΡ
Ҫ𣿡ɫ԰ף촽ܺ죬Ÿ޾ȻԼ
ëȻˣϽߡҵʱҲеżˣҿ϶Ǵ򲻹С椵ģҲֻ֣ܶһˣͻȻ̧ͷĿң
ͻȻͳҷ˹Ʈڿҷ˹һǰ־ȻһӾסҵĲӣѾͷϴˣһ°ۣоӶҪһʹʱҲûбİ취ˣóŵǿ壬ʶľĶͷȥ󣬵ͷʱ뾹Ȼһ֣ҸԺҲŲӡ
ʹĿ̧ͷһ뵱ʱָʶһ˿Χֵ˵ҸղźֿƲסԼˡ


021 УѺ˼
õã㣬УԺ治ܿˡҵʱҲ뵽ŵʱҵģаˣŻŻҲǲеģϵĽѵҲȷʵҳԹ˿ͷ
ЩĶûֻǱŪιȥ˶ѣʱȥԺҲ˸ʱ룬ԭʱǸԽûᣬ˰춼ûҵˣеԹԹԽԽ󣬾̲סˡ
ڶǽ̹һ붼εһȫҽԺǵľѵȻǰˣϢʱ֪ˣΧȺϲصͬѧ룬Ҫǰѵô
ϸһ룬ҪٸһһΣҾԲôˣ̫ΣˣҪ溦һ޹˵ĻҹƵھһӣǸ̹ȥҽҲ˵ԼϳȥɢСĿģڵʱӪֹĴţҲû˹עˣڶǾ͸ˣķʮͳȥģǵϳʱЩСһĻǸ̹˵᲻֮ģЩҲװģ˵᲻ҽԺĽ̹ʲôģ֪϶һͷڿ񱼣ҵûΪҶǼ㲻Ҫǲ㺦Ǽ̹٣ﻹأ˼ǡ
ôƵľѵʮͽһֵø˵飬ˣһش¼Һ缸˸ջѧУġ
ʱһհ͵Ȼ˵ԻظԵϢĸѰ˼ȥʲôطһأǸ߳УţͻȻұһ²˵ףСҲѧУ
ҵʱɻ⾯Уʶң
һͷһȻǺ˼㣬ڴŸɫīſɵĺɫTųȹŮʱҾ̲ס˿ĭ˼ҴкԺҲԱߵ磬һ˵ӣҲ鰡ôǰأԺ۸˵ҷֵġ
Աߵ̩С˿˼ʱӲ㶼ɳˣСһĵ˵ҲҪ֡
ģ˼һŰС߳ԶСֵڵҿһ󵨺̵ģһŹŰСֵĸҹ߳ˡ
۸ֵܣ̩һСֱˣĹŮ˰һȭͳź˼ȥҵʱأһҸǣһǸŮ̩̩ȭúܣһ˶򲻹һѺ˼椴Ժϲù
Ҷˣ˼һѾסȭͷȻ־̩ؿڿٵĴȭ̩Ҳؿҧг˼ԺȻЦĿ̩˵ӴҪǳ»Ժӣ˼һȭ
㣬ƶ˼ú˵һȭȥ͵˵ϡ
˼ԺҪŶ˼˵Ҫ뿪ھߵʱͻȻС˵ԺǸСñãѹסġ˵ԺͳѧУԱߵһСԽȥˡ
ǼԭĺҲûˣŪԼˣСֻݺݵǸС̫ˣ磬Ը磬磬Ҹһˡ
ҪȥԼȥȥ֮ǰȰҺƲɾϵȻǼҲ϶Źġ翴Ժ˼ͦ˽ģСֵ˵ͷͻȻվ̾˵֮ҲԲֵܵ飬ʵڲֻҵɫˣȻȥʱ֣ݺݴһǴ顣
ҵʱڳԷأСģ̲ס˳СʵͦɰģϻмŶŪһͷʽͣеĸо˧ֲ˲һ㣬Ҿĵ˵ȥɣ֧㣬϶ܳɹָ硣
ҲǡҲǸ֧֣Сһ˵Цеʣʶָ˵˵Сϲɶ⡣
Һ֪аһЦ˵ϲˣҸ㰡ָ磬ҪŪõ廨쵱ȫףñжȻʲôģҡ
ϣСԺ˳ܳȥõ廨ˣҾ͸оѾĲǾԾħҲһµ˾ʮŶõ壬е
ڶһС־ҪҺ绹̩ȥ󣬺⣬ҺͬʱĶۣҪWC̩ԼȥҺ֪ģȥ˾һȥҲǸзˡ


022 һ
Һ˯һᣬûþʹСֺ̩̩С϶ЬӡޱȣСֻñסԼԴڱ
ʱҲеֲ˼ģ߹ȥС˵ָ磬İⲻлô˵ֲûް
Сҡҡͷ˵ǣǮˣһ¶öˣΪġ
Ǹ⣬Ѿģ
ܵ˵治ʵ˼ҲͦģǼҲһ棬Ҫ˵˵ѧУˣѧУŮһѧУôһ仰ŮһһһԻ
ѧУʺϲˣһ¿˶ųȥԷȻ󵱸ʿɶġ
о仰ô˵أۣȺְɣ˼ҵСҲŮΪͺ˼Ĺϵһ棬һȣͦȵģͷϲͣ˺̫ܲһ㣬ԭһȥģǵ̩ųԷĲӱҵĲ˵ҵģҺ˵仰ԣ
ðɣֻзһнϲƣ֪ϵôôһ֣˺Ưò˼ضãݺ˼͵͵͸¶ѾͷǮϵٵģ̣׵İ׸춼椣ǲָˡ
һϲȵõǼƷҲеƫϰɣԸܲ˵ģһˣҿ϶ǲضˣں˼СԼȥŬɣȻûϣ
Լڿѧ֮˰ɣʱʱҶȽϤˣ棬ʱϲգ֪ͨǣȥKTV棬KTVܳһ㶼ǮȥģѺһǧ࣬ЩѧǺܸߵļ۸ˡ
ĸͦ˧ģر磬ϾҪǸ׸λǸϲƹգû֦չͷҲȥŪ˸ʽͣƽʱ̩һװСҲǴʽͷ÷⡣
ֻҴɫTһͨţп㣬͵Ѿģ̩ĵңͷŪģǼʡ
̵ģ룬Ǵû֦չҲã̫ߵˡ
ԺǾ͵УſڣϲԼģ˵˾KTVſڼϺź˼뿪ˣ˿ƵĴ򳵡
˰û취˸ʿǾʹŽKTVȥˡ
Լ˰Сʱŵ˽KTVû뵽յKTVſھ޵þ֣ѹطôôãˮ֣벻öѰ
ô˵ҿ˿KTVϣҲ֪ϱȽϺãľͿˡ
ָǰһˮ˵
ԭһԪˮ֣ſΪãǰˮǾˮþˮطֻһþˮ֡
KTVһСɽһСӣͿ԰ۼKTV棬Ϊ
ĺиСţϲ಻жʮյƣǶʮ޻ݣˮּһγԪˮ֣þˮǹٻݣ׬⡣
һʦģ˵Ժ̩Ц˵С˵ûͷġ
װҳˡЦһ£һ£ܸܲѧˮİɣҲУԼĶҪţƣװԼʲôһ
ߵKTVſڣKTVſվŰ˸ˣ˼ϲƣϲȵˣĸеģĸеĶͦʽģһװͷģҲơ
Ǹ߽һŽϲ˵ϲƣտ֣ҽҰְִĲָ͸㵱
ллˡϲƵ治ɫˣ͵Ҫôĳĳ˻ĳĳָʲô˼Ҳŵ⡣
ĸһ㶣òǻûﰡ
⼸𣿡ǸƲһۣüͷ΢΢һ£ŻǹЦ˵ҽһϲƴСһ𳤴ķС
Ȼ˵ûҪֵ˼ҷое㲻ˣһţɶţǮô
ʱţˣʹĿ˿۱ǿףȻ˵Ӷ԰ɣͿˣҪ鷳ȥ˽ҸҲ⡣
Ƥһ£˺ÿٱӵֲɣ˵ʶǣȽȥɣҶİ䣡˵ʹͷߡ


023 ޵
һס˽ϲƣ˵УЩһЩֻܿõĶһҲ򲻵Ķ
ܳ˵ˣﰵãǸһҲعͷһлᳰһܸ˵ЦʣĶóһֻҪҪĶû򲻵ģ
类һ򿪱ȻóһεĻһݸϲ˵ӣҸ㣬˵гҪҲ˲Ūõ͸㵱
ⲻһͨĻ𡣡һмЦһ˵ҪȥһٸҲ⡣
ɲͨĻȻ͸ϲ°ɣⶫ͸˵һһҲŪĺöһߵĺ˼Ȼİ˵ˡ
ϲ˼һ˵Ҳӹ˻˵ллҵʱòԶҲ֪⵽ʲôã˼ǻ۾е⣬òӦþǺöˡһҲоˣҡڵľͳKTVȥһС˵˾䣺ţɶ͸ƻô
ĺţƣҺ֪Ÿ籣⣬ҲȹϲһȻǺ󻰡
KTVİܴ󣬷8888һļ۸Ҳ֣⻹ˮǮϾˮǮһѶúü
ϲƼ϶һ㡣
Ҳûϲ裬Сһ˷线УһеԶԶģºǳϹϵһ˾Žϲƺͺ˼ĸӱϿ
ʱŻˣ̵ģûһᣬǺ˼ܲЩһһȻƿǣߵǰҵ˵ȥϸ
˵ԺһȻó޵Ŀ˳ȥˡ
ȳԺ˼ģǼһﴵϵôôţƣôôţƣˣܳ
ﲻӡҿź˼ô𱬵Ƣ˼һ˵ô˵ҲϲѣҲãߣȥȥɢɢġ
ҲСҵ˵ͷ˺˼棬ûߵͻȻ˼üͷҡͷ˵ԾKTV⣡
ôˣҿ˿мԱΧҲ̻Ի͵ģûɶⰡ
ϸоһ£˼˵꣬Ҿ͵˵ͷ۾۾Ժ͸оΧƣ͸һ氡
طеƣǿ̫ɡһشҲûע⡣
Ͻӳרҵģ㡣˼е㽹ӣҵ˵ͷתͷܵſڣų˵磬һ£
羹ȻЩƣеˣ·ҡҡλεģʣСӣҳ
£˼Ҳ˹һӾͣȥҪ̫ˣȵͣԺ󣬺˼˵ֱӸӣͰˡ
ӣϽǲ⡣˼Ūʣ۾ȥЩʣҿ˿˵ûⰡطԪˮ֣ˮõòˣϰ巢ˡ
ԣ۾ϸоһ£˼˵Ժ̵ı۾˴ʮ룬ͻȻɴ۾ҿ˿˵Ȼ⣬ζĸѪ
ȻͣѰʲôһһᣬ֧ͣҵһС鲼ТɴմһЩѪ
ڱᣬü˵ȻĸѪû´KTV̨ˮ仹һ顣
˵˾KTV̨ȥȻKTV̨ˮҵˣТϽüͷֵʣ磬ôˣ
һа֣޵ТȾĸѪȻһˮϣΪޣһͣһаƻطԪˮ֣Ҫ죬طͻƵƵˣ̫аˣʲôҪôأ
СޣҶҵķˮʲôͻȻǱʹһ˵
ǻͷһȻһʮͷһɫװЦǴüĿģʱվ¥¥ݿڣ̨Ҳֻһ¥ݿڣ¥
˼ⶫҲʲôɣ֪طϰʲôҪⶫأ˼ǰݺݵسͷʡ
С޲ҪΪѧ˵ǳĵ˲ãϽѶŻȥһԵûͷ˵ԺȻóһӤʬ壬Ӥʬ忴ɱˣһģֻƴС廹úܶӤ


024 
̩˼üͷһЦ˵ҪܲɱǣҲɱԼȻͿˡ
ô磿Сĳʣ˿ĭ˵ô֪㣬Ȼ¾˰ɣ²ؼ߸߹𡣡
ܲеϢ˼һۣС椾ȻȻ˵ȻѧǾ͵мΪ֮ģûãˣұ֮
˼˵Ժһžͳͷȥͷ˼ֱԼҲҪ۴Ϲͷ϶Ǵ򲻹˼ģٵĽ⿪˲Ǹɵĺӡ
ս⿪һС޵ʹϴˣ޵ǽһңǸҲʧˣ˼ʱҲ嵽ǰһȭ
ҿͷӣȥæҵĺһ䣬͸һұһŤͷһһӤȻſұϣʱҺ׵λһҾ͸оҵԴԽԽأ͸Ҫ˯һ
ҲǳзģʱɾԱߣҿҪιȥʱҾһӣ۵úܣ˵˺ܶ࣬˵СԣϽҧԼ⣬Ѫ
󣬴磬㣬ͲôҵʱûҲָˣӣ²ˣʹԼͷһҧ۵һһȻ˲٣ȻŤͷһѪͳСȥСֲǳ͵ĻɫѪһ£һӾ͵˵ϣð̡
ֵ˵ȥҲ
⼸СҵţǸϼһҲ˼ڵһٷᣬñ׵ģһ䣬ת¥ȥˣǸСҵѪһ羹ȻήڵϣۿͿˡ
˼ԺҲ̾˿˵֪Ǽһɶطðа̣ͷаԽԽ࣬ûµҲԽԽˡ
ź˼ͰֻСһͼװ˵һỹǵóһС
Ǹһﲻ˵Ҫô죿µź˼ʡ
ʹҵԴһ˵ɵưĸߵʱ˵Ҫ𣬽أУҾͰж˿鶪ȥι㣡
ʱǼҲû룬ص˷һᣬǾ͸Գ˳ѧУˣڻسǵʱͳˡ
ʱ˼ûϲƵĳǽСȥģ˼ң磬̩һģ˼ʱ˵е㲻õԤУͺһˡ
ʱѾʮһˣϵĳҲûˣӿһ罭ϵʱͻȻ˼˵ӣСԣ³̩һ˻ȥ
ʱǴ죬ڳԭӦǺȵģȻоһ˿⣬ˣӦණ
ҺҲɣֱ³̩ԭסˣһ˻ȥˡ
³ȳ⳵һǾͿһźɫ·Ůӣվŵıϣϻһͷڿ˹
Ȼֻ˼üͷ˵Сĵ㣬ֻ϶򵥣
ôҵʱûһ˵꣬ͻȻΧĳһӾʧˣΧһڵɭ档
ҪҶ˻ߣߵ·ϻᱻײģҪôǵ½
ҵʱΧɭ˻ûع˺˼ĺ˼Ҳóһָ룬ҿָǰ˵ֻûСĵ㣬ûԸ֪жȻ᲻ܿʲôҪţиоǸӽԼʱʹУԺͻ½ߣϹ·ײ˭ˣǵôУʱ˾ס
ţ˱Ŀܣ˵ĺΧȻǻþҲҵĵһлþΧ̫ʵˣΧ
ץסңͻȻ纰һعͷҪǰ壬æȥˣҪҲȥĸоõʱ˼Ҳˣץס硣
Ժ󣬺˼óһоͲȥԵľͿֻϵ˳
Ůʮ꣬ͦƯģ۾Ҳûͫף۾񣬶ˣ룡
㣬ȻҷŪһôʡ
ķųǸԺɱɱǰֻöࡣ˼һ˵һûˣҪǷҪǱߣƱɡ
ֻˡ
û취ֻбҵʱҲˣ治ڵܶԸġ


025 
ڸô죿ܲһֱȥɣҧʡ
ƬڵɭѾվ˰СʱˣڼüǶ㱻ֻˣÿһΣ嶼ᴫһƣУҪǼȥ˭Ҳֶ֪ܼá
ô֪Ҳ֪°֪⵵£ҴһҲˡ˼Ҳֵ˵
ˡ˼ᵽһͻȻ뵽ŵʱҺߵʱһ׺䶥Ȼ֪ж󣬵ʱô֣صĽǣԲСȥġ
ҸæϣллأһŷţҾͳ׺䶥˵мһ㣬æݸ˺˼
˼ӹԺû¶һϲģüͷ˵׺䶥ܳûСһô
󻹲ôɻһ£ͻȻ뵽ҪʵúǿķԺͻιȥ˵еֱӱŪҲǲܡ
ģˣ˼˼һᣬ֪Ҳûа취ˣһ䣬ּŷ䣬ָϸĿҲ˵ŵȻˣҪιȥ˸ϽȥҽԺӦþʲôģԷһסˡ
ˣϣ뷣ͻȻ˼ʹһָպ꣬ͻȻŷȻųһɫ΢⣬Ȼ˼ǰһȥԭǰյģͺʲôһ
ͬʱһɫ·ӰҲ˳ŷɵǸպôֻϣ˼Ժһ͵˵ϣֻҲҽ
ҽеʱΧҲ֮ǰ罭֮ϣ˵ӣϽûô׹ҵģ˵תȾҲһץ˼˱ϣС椲ء
һһ˵磬˵һ˱һ£Ի
ôҪصĻͰҷɡͻȻĺ˼ͳ˵
㣬ûأҿһ£ѧŻӰﲻ֪ĸһ˵ô²սսء
ûˣǺ˼ιȥˡ
ҺԶһܻѧУſڣȻϽ˸ʿҽԺ
ҽԺһ£ú˼Ҳ˹ȥŪ˼С椰úԺҺǸŮϮҲ뿪
Сԣ˼һѧУüһ˳뼸٣˵ܳҽԺں˼ԱߵĲûˣԼ˵ǮȻ¾˯ʱҲˣ賿ʮ˰ɣۡ
һ˯ú㣬ڶϲű˵ѡ
۾һȣϲƣϲȵ缸Χں˼Աߴߴأ˼Ҳѹˣɫز԰ף۾Ѫ˿ѹˣϲƾ˵»ԣôҼҷأ·ϻٷˡ
գգ۾Ҷʱ׹ˣҽԺܵɰɣ湻ȵģȻ˵ǽٷˣҾ˵ðɲ֪ʮåҺܲŴǣȻ󱣻Ƿ㡣
ˣӲ˵ʮåôϲֵĿʣһ죬Եģ绹湻ܴģͿһ˵ǣǶʮⲻ˼ʮҺͳ»һ˴ô
ϲƻ˵ҪϵȥЩå֮ģǾ˵֮ģʱһֱӳԺˣȥ˴ˣȻͺͽϲƣϲȵ˸ˣɾٷҪȲѧУˣɢɢġ
ʵڿɲһȥǸ̫ˣǸ򲻹ڻѧУҲͬѧҸطǼһһս
շֿҺ˾ʹӺ˼ϽӹŷɻƱֵʣ㣬ɶ˼ѵҪȥ⣿
һ䣬ǹһֱǣûãȥɶʶһˣ϶ܶԸֻġ˼˵ʹȥ
Ӻ˼Ҳ֪ڳɶʶһǸæǸϵԺ˼͸Ǹ˴һ绰Ӻ˼Ǹ˽־ϣڳɶһץĵꡣ
⻹һɻڱֻŵԭҲûɶ̾ˣսͦƯġ
һСʱʱĵɣɻ˳ɶ˻ԺȻѾһ˵ȴڻڴˣ˿ʮ꣬һīһڵװͣһɫķõǲֲݰɣǻһ˿΢Ц
˼ߵǰһֱֵĺ˼ȻҲֹĽһ壬ҺҲæУá
ʱĿӦþְɡ


026 
СＸûԽԽƯˡ־ȡīЦеĿҺ磬־Ͽҵʱüͷһ˵һͬѧôòզذû˧ء
ţһЩ鷳˼ͷں־ϵֱˣ־ʼ˵ˣҲ˵ĵطϳȥҹ˾˵˵תҲȥ
־ϿǺܿ죬ڳϺ˼ҲŮһһ˵־־ԺüʣӦǲСǵһЩа̰ɣԴ̽ɢԺйаٰ֮
ֵ̣ʣ־ҡͷ˵ǰһа̶ѡ־ϲûиǹĽͣʹԺҲ˵ˣ˾ȥ
Ĺ˾ãǽڳɶһкһҵֵһҵ¥棬ԶͿһƣдãרҵץаϲ£翴ֵʣ壬ôĿŵ⽨žͲ±ץô
ǿǾУģѧУϵĵһÿξͽ˹ҵĸ߷룬һϽ⽨֮ࡣ
죿ǰɶ־ֳȲء־ƲƲͣҲֱͣ¥£־ϴǾŶ¥ȥ
¥ȫøˣܴ󣬵ǧƽʮ͸ķ䣬ÿʮƽи칤ĵʿ˽Եȵȣſڻбۣһʮͷһǧ̳һˣһЩһľ۵ȵȡ
Щ۸ﰵ࣬Ҳ̫ˣֱٰȻ۸ߣȴ٣ʮ滹ԵĿ⣬߻һƽĴģܶĿ̨ƹ򣬻֮ܲģ򿧷ǸŶӵϢһطкܶԱԼʮڵԣһװģһǵżֵЩĳĳŶ֮ġ
ԭݻ̾ͷЦһ˵϶İΪǹ˾ôԱǿʣʮˣһ࣬ÿ˵нһɣɶ̯ĶˣЩǮϲɹԽǮԽ²ʸҾﲻ⻹㲻
˼ģǼֲˣҺû͸оͦͷԵģûô򵥣˶ôģҪû֣㿪ĵڶ͵ùˣԵ̰۸ܵĹԱΪĿ׵úܵġ
Ŵİ칫ңİ칫Ҵʮƽɣͦ򵥵ģһͨİ칤Ա߻һϷźܶˮ鼮һɳָɳ˵Ҹǵˮ
ˣֱӸôǸˡ˼˵͹΢Ц˵ɶֻôɶ£ȺȲ衣˵ݸǣҺ˺ܿĽӹ裬˼ȥ̫ˣҲӹ衣
һЦ˵Ҳǣֻܽôɱɱ
ʵ˵ֻǲܣֻǾ̫ˣӶ԰ɣǰͽܣСѧķˮȻզأҲˣ˻ԺػţоԼԸˣʵ¸ë˻Ǭλ߳ȻС취ţϵ׺䶥¡һOK¡˵Ժ˿ڲ衣
ֵʣҸɶ˵Ҳ̫򵥵˰ɡҵǲ壬ʱֻУڻܺĻֻҲܴ󣬶˵̫ˡ
㣿ɶҲܸɶǺ浱Ӧǿԣˣȥѧѧ䣬׺䶥ǿҲһܴɢֻ޷ǱҪǱɱˣϾӦҲǱаűͳҲǹһ
Ҳ̫ˡҧ˵ѾģôһɵңͻȻɫص˵ˣɵģ෴ʹ࣬ѵģ
ԩΪ侭ľͿԹûܱƾʲôɢȥѾ⣬г޻ͻȻԺʹ࣬ԹޣԼסԼԩȰͶ̥ǲųɹˣҪʧܣͻ
һ⻰ͷһ󵨺һ˵ȻһǴͰɣҲ⵱׸ġ
ΪʱҾͿֻ̳ǳɣ


027 ʦ
ϽһƬС棬ң磬˼̧һСԼܶץߡ
Ѿָֻ֣ȻҾͿ̳ȻͰ֮ǰ˵ģҪǳֻ·ȻСţС䳬ͿˣǲæģΪʲôƨĥǣԼµֻô̳
СмһƬյصģǰСľм䣬Ȼ廻һɫĵۣľҲ˻Ʋм¯¯߻ľ
㳯ķ˰ݣȻҦ죬Һ궡î¼ʱ˵͹¯ϲȻľ߶һ¶壬Ӧ顣ʦ붯񣬵ɷܣιҼɷҵҦ˺ڣ
˵ԺóһŻƷôȼһףŻƷȻڿȼҽϷȥûһµļ󣬵ȻƷյӰٵʱͻȻһϮһͷһһŮӣͷɢվڲԶԶԶĿǡ
Ϳǵˡ忴ǹˣƷԼؿһȻ²ˣ糭ϵľ˵ŸɶѾģ
˵žֻȥҺͺ˼׼ʱͻȻΧͱ任˳ΧȻһ棬ӴҲʮƽףȺɫ˵ǣҵǽڣȻȫ۾ǽҲ۾Ҳ滹еԣҶʱ˼ƤҲ̫˰ɡ
磬㣡ҳǰ˵æͷһ֮ǰʱ۾֮ķ϶Ȼ˺ܶ죬ЩͷһϳˣҵĽֱӱϵһЩͷˣһ㶼ã˼ȽľأʱҵֽҲˣЩͷϵҵܸоǶĵĿˮϵĸо
գ̫ʹˡ̲סսоæΪһͷһҵһ㶼ˣҵʱﻹ룬ѾҪǸŮͷãҪǸеӵĳҪйˡ
붼ˣ˼æҺ»ԣô࣬һжǻþ
þëҽŶˣʹ̧̧ţһҲãҸտ˵һһͷ׼ƿڶ룬æͱˡ
ЩǻþЩͷ㣬оԼˣﰵʾԼˣŵ˶ҲȻˣΧŮҪ㱼ͺˣ˼һ˵Ҳֻҽˡ
۾ﰵ룬ʦСʦʦǾˣ
ұ۾ͻǲʦҵСǱأҪǵʦţΧоûôˣһۣҾȻľͻصǸɭ棬ʱ˼񻹱ء
忴ѹؾ棬˵û뵽С־ôᶨĻȻԼѹ漣漣
оľ룬ԵģҪǲʦңôԺ˭Ҫ˵AVΣӵһⲻǸվô
츳˵ЦһһŮͷܳʱȻͷסͺ˼۾ԭ˵ֶΣҿҲûаæ˼ܲԴаɣҴ󲽿ǰȥͿʼֻŮ
ӣӣΪô۸ƭΪѧСమػУɫʡҵʱһʱôѧ䣿Դ͸пԾġȴ󱯶ס˵Ի˵һʱͻȻֻתͷ͵ңȻԻ˼磬תͳ˹
Ҵΰ£æһ׼㿪һ£û뵽պùĽ£˳ƾһסҵĺȻϾʹ
һֱܲ⣬ëɱ˶Ҫأ춼һĶˣҪֱһڻģɸɾĸɵ־͵ˣֻΪҵͬ־˾Ԯҵʱ䣬Ȼ˵Ҹоûɶġ
һξͻоˣĸоϢ֮ĸоʱҸоԼҲ챻ֻûˣͻȻӺһѱסֻȻ˼һ˧ɨһҵϣһŮϡ
ұ˼һߵ߻ģԺվһ˼ѾĹţҲüëмĽ紦ͳҴ󺰣ϽѾģٶȣ


028 
Ҧһҽѧңĸҽæûʱչ˵һжʮһ˶ȹģܼįֱʮʱĸ˵ܵܡ
СÿɰСҦſڲ߿ĸཱུĵܵܣоСһ档
С죬ԺСͽչŶְæģҦȻǵøĸСҲԼܵܽԼʱίС
ţһúչС
Ƭôأ鷳
ιιСϽ󣬺찡С쵰Ҷȥë򣬾Ϊ˴㰡СҦȻ˵ᣬȴޱȵϲܵܡ
㣬һһڼأ
ڶ
Ϊʲôڶ
ΪڶԵڶ
ΪʲôΪ
СһһĳҦҲһһڳ󣬵ҦûСճʱԼĿ꣬úչС
ʱһһĹȥС꣬ҦҲѾʮˣѧڻؼҴС˸һ԰ˣͻȻС߶ˣȻһͨ绰Ҧ
ܵ⣬ҪҪһ˵ǶķϹҪȻɱܵܣ
Ҧڶûбһ˷ϹȻͿ˰ˣĸɫװˣǼ˵ҦԺ˺·ҦԭΪܵ裬û뵽Щ˲ûǸһѪɫ£Ȼ˹мһ档
㣬㣡
ͻȻСͱ˴˳СӰҦһ˵ҵܵܣֻҪǷôУ
ȿСӵ֣һͷķԸҦ˫ĵǼӾȻİѵܵܵõܵڵϷʹ࣬ҦҲ۴˵۸һСʲô£ֳ˵
Ҧ첻ϵЩҲֻһЦҦҦԽŭǾԽһ
𣡡Щ˾ȻһѣȻҦĵܻܵķһһĿ͸һҦɤҲ˻Ƶò˵ˣŵܸܵճʱԼһӣͻȻһԹԹĴ㣬ǣҲŹǵģ
˵ԺҦʹͷһҧҧԾˣ֮ǰԼЩ˵һֻˣҦۣҪЩҳԼǵĶˣ涼һɫСߡ
Сҵĵܵܣһ㱨ģҲϧ

һعճյĿֻŮֻŮĳޣԭԭǱģҶʱʲôסһղЩڳֻŮõļ䣬ʱҾȻֻŮ
Сԣ㻹ŸʲôϽҪֱ׺䶥졣һԵͺ˼һס˵ļƣͷ̾һʼ˳ҪĽ׶ΣȰ
Ҧ죡ҳ»ģһ㱨𣡰ܱܵ㣬ϢɡҺ˫ۿŮӣܵȥʱʹȻҵҲףΪʲôôˣרķ˺ϵǲݡ
ƾʲôұ𣿡ǸҦ쾹Ȼ˵ˣĿ˵ǳ˺֮һ˼ҽüͷҲǣһ˿ƾʲô˵أЩаôܴ
˵ƾʲôұЩ˶һķˣǶǸҦһԹ֮ǰй֮޲ǸղҳʱǰĳޣԹǣȻûġ
أҵܵƾʲô͸ΪʲôҪ˵شҡҦʹҪץ˼ץס
翴˵С԰˵ģ̼˵仰Ҫɱĳˣ찡
ҳһ˿ûǮûƣһΪӢ۵ģǰûҲ֪ԼֹһУӦ㣬һа̣ǣа̺ӻһҿҦ죬˵﷢ģؽҦ챨ѩޣ粻ܰ쵽ر׺䶥ٲ
ܷģͻȻԶĴû壬һ˿ṵ̂ΪĿҲû˶еµߵģҲֹҰɣ˭ҪǿҦǼ䣬Ҳ
ãããҦϵɷȻһһĻɢȥľȻһĻ״̬Ĺһ㣬˵һΣֻʱ䣬㲻ܰұһѰɱ㡣˵ԺȻҦ徹Ȼ͸
İɣⲢһʱ嶯֮ڣұؽס˸㡣
ôллˡҦ˵꣬ʧ


029 
ͿôܷôһģΪܳйаֹٸҸ㣬ССļǧȻǰèҲв٣ôңֱǴ룡
ǸԺһֱңҲǿ˵˵ӣ㲻Ǳɫס˰ɣؿζ
˼ҲͬĿ˵çײˣ˵ϲĻȥͶ̥Ҳ͵ˣôܷأ
˵ˣΪһʱ嶯û˵һ䣬ʱڴİ칫أɳϣóһ̳һ̾˵˵ʲôǺأͶ̥Ȼ޲֮𣿶ңǶûǸСӣȻǵñһ
ǣʦʱһҲ񰡡忴ҾȻ̾ᵽҵʦͷһʣʦʲô˰һֱŪصģôҲʦܸҲҲתƻ⣬Ǽˡ
ʦʱûôõĳûǮ鲻Σյ鲻ûлΣյǸǴҲ˵ϻֳЦ⣬ʦǰͦġ
ȻأʣڸʲôʲôŶ³𣿡ҵʱĿǱû뵽ᵽɫһѾǸڽ򶹽ģ궼Ҹ֣ΪͽԺ󳤴ǮҪծģ
ҺһæͿʼ⳶ʹһ޷ǾǴţ˵ʲôβʬ֮࣬˵ʦǰһС࣬Ȼ֪ǳҲȨˡ
ȥƵ꣬ҲСĳ˵а̵ͱˣС߶԰ɣҰɣϢ֪ͨ㡣
лл塣ҶԴӡ󼫺ãȻе㰮ţƣȴ飬Ӹ˵ͦϲģϧڶҪѧˣҲӦǣ˵ٿϰࡣ
ڶһɻ뿪˳ɶ岢ûǣԼȥģλȥʱȻͬɶʱһĵôԸŮȴôŮ壬֡
λȥԺҲúú֮һЩԸֵķˣҲֲûеô٣ԣ˵Ϊ̫ˣĳˣ˵һĹԼߡ
صԺһое㻳ĸоȻ뿪죬Ͼоһ߳󣬸ʿֱӸ˾УȻʱýϲư٣УƶȳϸٶҪ̳߳кܵĹƻû
ģȥҺ簤һٹӣߴһ£УɶҲ֪ǾУ˿ɲǷ飬㱻˴ˣɶʦʦֻ˵ûãӴȥ
͸ҸʱһʦǴ򲻴ܣǲŪ߲мϼͷõĵ
رʦҲǼ䱩˵òԾһٹӣͻȻоеʦľ԰һͰƱһɰʦǽ̵кѧƽʱֻж򼸰ȥТһǼ˵ʦС
һ£һ˵Ǯһ²ȥˡ
̩ͺιɶȥˣ˵ͺŮһȥˣ԰ܰǸŪȥ¡
ë¡п˵ѵǸǣȥһô
ֱӵͷ˯ˣڶԺСֻҹܣǰʱǮôΪ˲ԼʵҲѧУʳãҲзǲʳͣŪ˸ҹܵĹǹᣬԭ¥ǸͷĹͷҽԺˣʦҲûʦԸ⣬ɲôһ¾ٿ飬Ͼ͵ҹ
С־ͽ͵͵˳ȥǮһ²ܰһԣǺùȻǾͿʼǵLOL֮ãҦҲĸһˣûйϵҲ鲻ֻеȴ绰ˡ
Ƕʱĸٽ˺˼LOLǣǶʱ䷴ͨȥ˯Ȼʱ仹һӲνգҪ˵ʱ˷ѵ⻹治Ϊֹȥһ£Ҷǹɶʱ򣬽ϲƵһɽ˵ˡ


030 ɽ
˵ûʲôɽ۵ġ
ͷ󺹵ıԹֹ磬ңС֣̩˼ϲƣϲȵȣһһоĴԵһ֪ɽ
ԭǽϲүүزϲϵûʱýϲƻүүϲһ˻ҲģպѧУŸ¼٣첻ϿΣͰǼҲһˣԭǸоɽˮŮ񲻿գϧ֪ĳһ
Ǹһ˵һүǻ˵ۣ˼ҹҶû˵ء
ǻͲˬóȪˮһڳŽϲ˵Żжð̫ˡ
Ŵ֮ǰܵһټһ°ɣǽЪһڶǲܵϲ΢ЦŻشҲûΪĻ˵Ҳ֣ĸˣ˺˼֮⣬һһᡣ
ϲƵĻشҲˣֻеͷںһֱСʱ춼Ѿˣߵ˽ϲ˵Ǹ⻹ҶûУþͲ˵ˣĵ϶һЩɲݣ֩
㿴˼ָм䣬̧ͷһףǣ⾹ȻĲɣһֻߴʯȻǴʥүаţǸֻ۾üĴ滹һ۾Ŀ񱩣ʯ˵ĸоֻӻɱһ
Ǻֻ۵ģǲʥͶĽ尡̩ЦЦȻûаֻʯͷӷһû˵СĵĴӰͳ֧㣬ʯǰϣȻС˵Ǽ˽һޣϣ˴
ǵһй棬ϲ֪жаأԺûòһ㣬Ȼһ˾鷳ˡ
ȻǾҲ˵ϣ΢ʰһ£Ȼ󿴵ɫˣǾм˶ѻҪɽһܵĻΣˣѻȫϵȽϸߡ
ȻǾĵڻԱֻˣϲƻǿߣ˵һĳüİҸǽ°ɡ
𰡴㣬ֲСӣܱŵˡСֻѾ¶Ӧúܺ²Ŷԡ
û£ǶŴģ˵ҺһۣЩô
ǲɽʲôɽϲصʣҡͷƲ֪˵ҸǣɽɽȵŶ
ָǸʯ˵һ֣Ⱥ˵רų˵࣬ǵģ˵ÿ궼ҪһͯͯŮȻϣȺͻԵͯͯŮ
ϲ˵صģģ͸һ
Ŷûɶоɲôɶ˵İԱߵС־Ȼŵɫ԰ף˵㣬˵ˣҲ̫ˡ
ġŽϲЦģҾ֪˵˵ģûоɶ˵ģһֱôʱǶûзϣȻһᣬǾó˯Ȼһű˯ˡ
֪˯˶ãԺұ紵ˣԺ۾ûܶӦö˯Ժһᣬҵʱڵϣ۾ŴͶ¹⣬һ⡣
ͻȻ뵽ˣҼǵ˯֮ǰ˵İһ󴰻ʱ߳ϣԹˣر˯֮ǰһ飬ǴȻˣɽϵҲĴϡ
ҵʱһӾΪ˽ϲƵĻѵȺϮˣȺĿԲ󣬱Ͼϵһ˯ö㣬˭û³Ա˳ŵĿⰡ
Ұ۾ҿҪѰֻȺͻȻҾͿмǸʯһԷ۾ǡ
ҽ¹һһֻӣֻӴа׸ߣҲʯֻۣڵëָ׳ޱȷ˫۷ź⣬ǣԥҪҪǡ
˯ľ磬Сĵһ£ԺС˵ɶԼú˯˵ۼ˯ҷֱӰ˯
ҵʱͲˣҿ˿˼мСֽϲأҲʵü룬ӦǵһŲΨһķҲǰȥȻϢĸɵˣӦҲ̫
վװûпֻȺһȻţ˳ȥ֮ǰҲѻЯҰķЦһ£ȻֻȺǰŷȫûܲ˰ɡ
ҳԺǰһֱߣ˴һӣڴڵһȽϿտûľĵطֻͣȺ᲻ҵһ㶼ġ


031 ȺȺϮ
ȻϵģֻӸҾ׷¹Ƚϴֻӿܿ񱩣ȶ԰ĺӲ֪׺١
ҿӵģϸһ˼һӦѾֻͼˣȻûʶҲͨĺӡ
⻹ҵһδأﻹеСţҲر£ô˵ѧҲˣôһֱӣֲǴʥү
ֻȺ˻һȳҾͱһȻ֮ߣҳҵһצץ
ҿһٶ̫ˣӦö֪ȫٶȣҼΪҵʱ߶һ£ȻһȺԴȥȺﾹȻҲ㣬ҵץһͬھһļơ
ҿ׳ķצӣﰵһܸܲͬھɣҶǻӢҲаҧҪܿһ£úܣצһӾʹ̽ұߵĸ첲
ʱһʹӸ첲ֻұצӴ̽첲Ժ󣬽һҧסҵļĿŴҲ̽ҵҼ棬Ȼһ°˵ڵϣʹҧұ߸첲Ҫ˺һһ
ȥүģҧʹһֻӵıϣֻӱҷһģܵһȻɿתͷҪܣҿæˣϣ뷣
ŷһȼֻϺһһ¾ȼ
ֻ˻ڵϹȥһڴУܴ󣬲ش̶ӣֻӾͱճһŻ̼Ҳ˿Ҽ紫ʹҲϢһֱӿѪҼ̵߻СʱǰҲѹˣŻһСĽӡ
ƿŽȥһ˵Сԣû°ɡ
ΪûôָָҼ磬ýϲƳǰҲ֪ɽֹܶѪҩͱȣϲƺܿ͸Ҽֱ۸ŪԺȺ˾ΧԱô¡
Ҿ˵û£иҰӲСĽˣղŸȥʱҧˣôһ˵ҲŰһ㣬һʲ֪ԭǶǱǸǰĺиѵģ֮ǰϲƸ˵ȺĹ£ҵʱҲǻΪұӸأֲСƨúӸߣ
˵ҰѺӸԺһҲŰˣ׼¼˯أü֪ΪʲôǸȺʱúʲô鷢һ
ԲۣˣȺӶ̲סͽ˳Žϲ˵ҹ·ϽȥүүǴӰɣ
аȥҪСʱϲüҲͷ˵ϵģǴɽ棬ŶΣհǵȰɡ
ܵȰڴԽԽţԼԼĽţĸоΧһصĸо
ҲͻȻվңñᣬΧüС˵ö
ӣöӣСԭȥأͻȻˤ˽Ƥûϵء
ͻȻҲǴ֨֨ĺӽģرһұŵɫҰףҲʮϰ֮ǰһôѶԸŪҸ첲ˣҪʮһǾŸ˲˲ͱ˺Ƭˣ
ӣС֣һ̩һ˰һúӽشţ˼˵ʹȡһľԼ׷ܵſڣѴŸˡ
磬̩֪û˵һüָ˵ƾʲôȥСӿϷ𣿡
ûô£ȿһʣһһ˵£С˵ܵ˶棬ԱҲи̩ء߾һˡ
Ը磬Ҷһ£¡СֻĿңҿһۣ֪£ҪȥصĻҲزס̾˿ͷ˵аɣ㱣ǡ
˵Ҿܵʯ棬ʯһ󴰻ڹرأЩӺǰҲûɶӣԱ߾Ȼһ˸ߵĴ󶴣ҿǱһҪǺӴطĻˡ
æһľ壬պöסڣǾĵ
ڱʯסߣǰҲóȻ뿪뿪Ժкӳ롣
ŹӰɣڣЩӿʼˣҿǰܿһ磬һһһľСţⴰûɶЩһצͰֽĴŪˣ˽һһ͸һһǴ˳ȥ


032 
ĺܶ࣬ȥһžһ˽ܿһϾͿʼ˺ۣ˵Ҳе㾴һˣһʱ˺ۣģȻûкˣѵá
һ룬˼ҸӵֲЩС˵еSB˼ҴСܵĽͱͨҪߣȻһЩǣǸǿر֪ûĵ
ûһô뺷ˣѾĴһ֪Լ򲻹ˣڴһűɷЩӾͲҴˣǱɷЧʱһӣϢһһᣬɵ˼㡣
ҵĻţҿ̩ͺ˼ӵö࣬Ҳеܲˣһ¸첲ЩۣͷΧҰһľ壬һڴϣֻҪаȼҴӵϼһשͳȥæ
ȥԺȣϲƻϲȵС椶۾أҲһżȺԴ򱬣һЩ֭ʲôĶɳЩС￴ŵȻ£СҲһľڽϲǰ棬ҿû£һ¡
ź˼̩һʱ̩·ͲˣץۣѪ߰ߵģȻҲ׳Ϊļ⣬̩ʱѾȫƿˣΧֻΧأһȭܴһһڽС
˼·ҲǱץ˺ܶѷ죬ϧЩӲûץҪλȻܱһ۸ܳɶءҡҡͷ
˼ľѪܶ࣬Ľֻ߰ѾҵȺЩȺһֻ˼᲻һеץסĲӣȻľֱͱؿڣɵķЧʸߣǱ׶Ҳеģϵ˺ֶۣΣϵ˺۲ܱ绹Ŷԣ֪Ҳһűɷѹͻ
㣬㡣Űשͳ˹ȥǡõʱһֱȺź˼ȥأ˼һֻȺľҲͱȥˣڲ˳һשȥˣպôֻȺԴϣֻȺֱӵɳ
˼ֶһȺʬ˵ȺʮֻϣɱʮֻҾе㾫ƣˣܴˣǳȥ취˦ЩȺ
ҵͷתͷ磬жٱɷ
Ťͷ˵ţôˣ
պãѴźͶϵĴȫϣǴӺߣһܵ˵Ժ󣬾ͳС˵С֣ȥţиŰ壬ȻǴӳȥ
šС·ʱ˫۷Ź⣬Ǿߣ硢̩һԼҺͺ˼ƴܲˣһİȺ˳ȥȻܹʹ˱ɷ
ߡ
ߵ棬ȡŰȵ˳ȥС֣ΧǲȻҲںųˣϲƿٵıһ·ָϷ˵ǱܣǾǴӵķ򡣡
ǾɭȻ϶˿ҲһҲұԹΪ˵Ļ˷Լܶç˾ء
˴ʮӣȺӺҲûиҲľƣˣҵһصĲݴȻ˺ۣղźȺ򶷣ʮӲͣıܣǵͷ˯ˣҲܻ᲻ᱻȺ﷢ˣһĺ
ڶѹʱѾʮˣܵʱûдֶۣϲֱһ·򣬴Ǵȥˡ
һ·Ҳû˵ٻҲֻСżǱɷôһ£Ҳͷ˵ģʵϸһ˶һ£ɲôЩ̫Σˣ
ʽϲǴѵûЩȺϲƾ͸ǣүүСʱܾǰүүСӵʱ򣬴ӵȷСӱȺߣʮǰɣһǴӸ˷ˮ֮ûȺﵽǴ¹ˣҲǰԺͰᵽȥסˣ֮ǰҲΪүүģҲû뵽ֶ
ô˵Σյ˼㣬˼һ£ʮ˿ڣ̩ȻжʮһҲ߰˿ڣһսǲ
˴ԼĸСʱڵʱԶԶĿһСӣҶ塣


033 Ҷ
ҶӲҲһˣ˿ڴҲٲǾ˵ʱҼһڳԷأԣӦǻ˵ӣǵɻ˸ȥˣϾ֮ܶͨѾѲƫƧɽ棬һǱ
õʱиϳ˽ϲƣһѯʣ֪ǱȺϮæӭʮɣҲ࣬һڼңӺϹȥˣºЩˮȻϢᣬȥнϲƵүү
ǾҲԵĻͦģ㽶ʲôģΧһٳԺȣҪ˵ɽʵ⻹ģһ˺㲻˭ҳԷڼϢԼ뿪һʱ䣬Ҫڳȫǲܵ¡
ϲƣ˰
ʮԺһŹȣͷ׷ɫ԰׵˼Ҿ˽ϲ̧ͷ˼æȥס˼˵үүû°ɡ
ȿȣûû£岻áүү̾˵
үүһɽװܸɾӦ⻻·ŹˣüܸоеҵʱҲû⣬ʱ֮ǰλҲ˵ǶŪЩ˳ԡ˵תͽ˳Ūˡ
ϲǱүүһ죬Ǵʱ֪˽ϲƺүүСͺã˼ҵԽԽˣȻġ
ܿŪһӲˣӹΧһٺԣһûԷһɽ˲Ѫ˶ûϲƣϲȵŮԵüš
ԺҺסңϲƺȣϲȵк˼סϲүүС֣̩һס˴ڵһ
Ҳ׼˯һٿʼ֮ãȻȺ˵ʣʼɽĿĿΪ棬ϲҲ˵˻ǵ档
Ϻ˼ʹŽϲҺҡ
ʱǴһɫ˶װҺӿأСĽֵĳź˼ʣϵĲ˯ɶ
𳳡˼˸ƣȻСߵſڣҿ˿źϳ˵ˣϲƣҰйһ顣
ţϲҲ˴ϣɻĿź˼˼˵֪ʵңСԣʵ
ϲ΢΢üʣҹ͸˵ôй
û첻ǿ𣿡˼Ц˵ϲҡͷ˵ЩֻǺӰе񱩰ˡ
ʵʱϲƵӦѾйˣһе㲻ܽģֵĿź˼˵С椱¶ǼݸɶԺǻô簡
˰ɣϲƸ߹٣Ҳרŵץϲ㲻ſԴ绰֡˼˵ҲɶܣҰǽйҪԭ򲢲Ǳ¶Լݡ
ҵһοүүͺ֣үүǳܻ࣬ʮ꣬ʮѣ岻ͻȻôġ˼˵˵зȨɣ
⵹ûϲүүȷе֡˵ͷϲһ⻰е㼱ʣ˵ֱӵ㰡ӡ
˵ֱӵ㣬ںүүҲ˽ֵʣûɰϴүһֱɽҲʲôңûɺ
ϲưְǸ߹ܣʲôˣҸղүүҵ⡣˼ͳһƴ
ҿģ澹ȻһЩģҾʣʲô
л壬רٹģϲүүӵĴ߿ģҾ͸ĵȡ˹˼ϲüѾеˣʣô죿
˼˵ȱ𼱣үүô춼û£ҲһʱģСȥүү￴жٹлӦһѹ»Ұүүүү˼ң͹һ϶½żүүȥ취ҳүү˭
һһû갡̾˿Ҽ绹еʹأϲүүȻֳˣҡҡͷְο˽ϲƼ䣬޷Ǿû°֮ûӪĻȻͻȥˣҺҲͷ˯ˣ컹ȥүﵽжٹء
ڶ˸磬ʵǽϲߵҪȥүү棬ҸŽϲڴҹӣϲүүеשģϲƴҽȥԺҾ͸еһ⣬ϲܵүүſ˵үү˯ҴѽιһŶ
˵žʹŴ˽ȥ


034 Ծ
ҸŽϲ߽ȥϲƵүүڴأǽ˻׼ϲæϢ˵Ǵιһ£˵Žϲƻҿ˹ûй
ҿ˿䣬һСûйҿ£ŴͷһͷϾȻһźڰգһʮ̫̫һüͷչԼͷɲʲô£Ҹ߹ȥϸͻȻ̫̫˫۾ȻֱĿҡ
Ҫ˵ʵʵĸһҲûɶµģƬȻңûţϲƼǽͷտ˵̣̺үү鼫ãүүͰչڴͷÿ뿴
ҵʱľû˵ʲôǳŽϲ΢΢ҡͷȻŽϲүү˵үүϲƺþûˣȥߣ𣿡
ǰԼõģȰѽϲүү֧Ȼ˼ҪǱŵ˿ɲãϲƶʱɫе΢ˣӦйˣȻܺ£ǹߵүүԱߣүүүүҲպȥߣϲƲүүߡ
ȥԺæŹϣϻԸһЩͨĹ»ûģҽϲƳȥԺȻȥͺ˼ңһűɷӵĴϣܵˡ
ȻСĳǸʣʲôȥͶ̥ﺦүӸʲô
ûжСǰȡգϾȻһ⣬ﰵӦþˡ
ҹİշŵмϣϾǽϲ̵գһǸ棬ٲҾպһյˡ
ҪҪͻȻھʹ̫̫ˣһ̫̫־Ŀҡ
ҿ̫̫ȻһģһʣǽϲƵ̣
̫̫һҵĻæͷæ˵Զԣҡ
룬̰ǹ仰Ӧ˵ɣʣܶΪʲôûͶ̥Ƕ档
ҲͶ̥᲻Ǽͷӣ뿪Ҽүټһ档̫̫ЩίĿҡ
ѵ֪̫أүӵŪеˣԭ̫̫׻˵˹бɲ˵ģϵأ˴һ𣬲˾ͻ󲡣Ҫǻһһ¹ƾȥܵظˡ
ô˵ûʲôҪүӣֻˣԣǸлܲǽүӼİɣ
һֱƬʮ˶û°ǸԺϽԽԽˡ̫̫˵꣬һ⣬һҺ澹Ȼйæתͷȥ
һֻйʮɣȻһװں滹ҲأһǸ»ֺ꣬ܶ࣬ˮȵȣͬģҲֵȼ͵ľǹ»꣬컰˵»˵ǣĹѪһ¾ˣȻǶֹҪպܶˣڿ϶Ǵ򲻹ģߵľҲ֮ǰǸҦǸȼĹ
ѾˣرټһһҲ֮٣ȻǹʲôʱһþͻΪҲ˵ǽĹѾʵˣȻû֮ഩǽ쳣˵ǹѾ̫ˣӦݣҲǹߵȼ
ˣԹҿһֻ»꣬Ҳ̤ʵˣһȥʰһһǸܵҷɢͨһ¹˵ϣ˫޹Ŀ˵
һ㶣ɲôûĹģǿһ־ģҦҪ𣬽ϲƵҪͽүһ𣬶ǰ꣬һɫװװ׾ģҲû¶ʲô޵ӡ
ұʣʲôˣΪʲô̫ү
ԩԩ硣˾͸˵
ԭ˽ԾһҺϲ¼ļһһǰ˵ɽȺʶһ£ԺײȺȺ϶򲻹ȺﰡҺܺ£ʹܣ˶˵Ҳ֪ˣȻ֪ͻȻˤһɽǸɽԺľˣ˹ꡣ
ҲвʣҲҾ˵ᣬҪҸõĵطŪڱװɣһֱĸ˽ɽȻ󿴵ԼʬԺͶ̥ƾ־ȻûµظͶ̥


035 ɽ
Ժľ˽ңȻҾܵطˡԾһ޹ĿңüͷǸл϶˺үӵģԾʵƷԻӡ
ʱͻȻžͱˣ˼˽˼ʱһɫƤ£һͿԾľҪԾӦöĨţܼһæ˵˵ҾͳȥԾǰ棬ȻҵļͰ˺˼һ¡
ȻҲᱻûɢľ൱һľһǺ˼ģ۵ʹᣬæǽͣһŵ˵ͷ
ڸô죿ҿ磬к˼ʣԾ̫̫ԱҲҲ졣
ɣҺСȥԾʬ壬ȻҿذһˣͶ̥Сȥôģˣ㲻ǻţô̫үɣý̫ү̫̫ټһ棬̫̫ȥͶ̥ɡ˵Ժ˼Ҳû顣
ȻҺ˸һ飬һ˾ҪҺ鷳ʮ߰˶ȵĸ£Ȳ˵ڴɽһɽҵ˻ýȥ̧ʬ壬һôȵ˭֪ʬ帯óɶˡ
⹤ǿƣٿҲøɰ˭డ
ڽүӼҵһȾƵƿӣԾȥԺ˿ɫĲƿӸʵʵģԾ»ɲܼ⣬Ȼ϶ǹҵʣȻҺ˺˴˸к߳˴ӣŴȥ
ΧһȦɭ֣ȥԺ¾ͽˣҲû£Һͣͣң̫̫ˣȻԾҺָָ·ããɽһɽɲװ
а취ọ́ʳԾڣһָŶһɽ˵Ǳߡ
˵ˮ棬ߵǸɽº滹ҵǸɽǸɽⱻïܵĲݴԵסҪǲϸһ治׷֣ƵʱԾΪŲСĵȥġ
Һ統ʱҲ֪Ҳ룬ҲûֵͲֱӾͰƿӶȥˣƿ㴫Ծûû
Ծ滹ŵ㼤Һһۣüͷ壬е㲻С˵Ѩˮܹ֣ȥʱСĵ㡣
šȽȥˣѨ45㣬ͦ͵ģڵ涼ǰ͹ƽһЩʯ飬һܿҲŽˡ
ѹԾֱӸˤˣطʮ׸ߣˤŹˣҸ͸оΧ¶Ƚ²ȵһĶŵһɶҲԾ
ȵҶ˴磬Сĵȫʬ
ûػ룬ʳԱŵʬͲˣ㻹ôͷһ¶ȱȽϵͣԾʬһ¹ȥ˾ȻûдȸãȻһЩȴû档
ţ㿪ʬ廹ûĸ¡ԾԼʬҲһ룬Ҳ⣬˻һ㲻ģ˰æա
ϽҪʱҲˣԭƿӵĺڲ˺룬Ȼݸһ룬òԾֱۣȻԾ֣֣Ȼһ
㣬λܱܲôֱķʽҵ尡ôһﰡԴ߻ǴҮСĵ㣬ϣҵĶŪˡ
Һ米Ծģųζ˼ᰡܿҺԾɽʱȽϺãȫƣҲûʮ㣬ԾҲöƿ
ҿ˿ָԱߵһɭ˵ǵطǷˮأ±Ͷ̥ʵۣˡ
ϵʲôˮذֻǲ̧ʬĹذˡ
𰡣Ұйûʵˣ㻹Ǹһذɡ
ǾȥӢŮʣ˵ˣȻȻ㶪ȥ̵ġԼıӣĲͷɲôҲе㲻ͷˣûָоϾ̧ʬء
ҪԾԱ߱ıǹƻẦء
˸ӰԾ˽ȥȻˣȻ˸ʯ˸ˣԾҲһмĿҲԽԽˣԾ˵ǣȻʶǵʱ䲻̧ܰû˵ģп滹ʮǮӦþڰ213213ǾȥðɣԵټȥͶ̥ˡ
˵ԺԾʧˣҺһۣԾ˵Щϻˣעһ仰ʮǮҺæѸŪõķٿʬһ飬Ǯûҵѵɽ


036 ӡ
磬ҵûУ
ҳԱߵʵҺɽѰԾǮأҲЦ˱ǌ˿Ҳɶ߸˧ʮǱʾ޿
ҵˡͻȻԱ߾ʹЦתͷһһɫƤأҵ˵ͷ˵߰ɣɽֵúܣϽȥ
ͷǣͻȻһЦСһͭЦҺ˻ƤһӾˡ
˿ɲʲôӾЩһô黹2BһĹȥ鿴Һ粻һͷæȥڶ챻ɽŪˣ治ɽ黹治һĶ࣬ɽɵЦʲô⣬Һ϶Ǻö
磬߰
ͻȻҶ߾ʹһСͺҶ˵һﰵһ군ˣͷأ͵ǧͷֻҪ㲻ͷûµģȻˣĻǼ
Ҳԣֻ࣬ӦҲûҦôȻֱӿתˡ
ͻɽﾹȻߣЩɫҲ֪Щ߲̫ģϾĻƾðЩ⣬ǺĹڵߣʲôߣžûš
ܳƴˡҿЩߣԥûԼĿ־壬Щһһӣ˵úܣֻأǼŪҧ
ι嶯˵꣬ҾȥˣҲθҲеСжȻƽʱףС󣬵رˣԥҲս
жòУҲǸжʱСĿΧΧһƬҲ֪ʲô֮ǰԾʬʱҲûϸĹ۲졣
ηǬ¡ɽⶴʶľͿӣôү뿪ȻٲĿͷԡƵĴΧȴûлӦ
ҲգΧ̫ˣֻٿĵ̯͵ֵͲá
ΧûлӦе㵣ĵʣô죿С˵һɽﶼӡʲôħ֮ġ
˵о澭ءҾ˵ôֲĵӰɽĹ൹ģܱܶ𣬾Ͷ㵽صɽѰһᱨ
ͻȻͺ뵽ʲôһ˵ղŰֻҲһǻẦģ𶼽ԩͷծҲǴ˵е˲ˣֻֻǣǰŶԣǰ߿ֻ˵ɣʵڲǲǻֻô
⻰˵Ҳеҵ˵ͷɽկֻֻĹе΢ҲʤްɣҺϸ鿴һ£ķһ׵ɽɽԱ߾Ȼ֮ǰЩʯֲڣþµʯ̳ɣϵʯϻźܶϵķģߵʯҲвɫıڻ
طĹҪò٣ֻҲǰΧľ󣬲ҺѾԾˣⲻɽⷴһĹң˵ʲôܵ
ӣе㲻õĸоüͷĵҵ˵ͷҲе㣬ǶһΣյĲͺñɱֶɱĸӦһȻûôܸоܶࡣ
ʮ룬ǰһţŸףͭյ̨ͭ滹һһֻۺӻӾȻ͵еȺһģһ
ͭţңˡ
ͻȻҺ߾ʹһ˵翵ģҺһѵĶں˵
ֻҪžͿˣˣңҵüͷøˣ⾹Ȼ˵˻æסҵȻʯ˵䲻֪ǰΪڴ˵أѭǰóһ죬ǰȻŶҶ˲ǰĻԵǸ˵ҾҪߡ
ұһǧ˰ˣĽѵҲѾףγȥһԺһˣλҰɣ
ҵĲӵĿˣͣȺҲ˵λɿǣֻҪҳұһԸʲô鶼УԺҪǿʱԻ
ĻҶûѾܵɽ棬Ȼҿٵɽ
СԣطѰǵǧ򲻵øκ֪𣿡ɽе࣬ҵ˵ͷеףӡһǧ˰ְ˭֪ɶ⣬Ϊ


037 뿪ɽ
ҲҼͣˣæҶȥصӵʱһˣ̩ڴڣ̩Ҳ֪ŪһޱϵɳȭһȭһȭĴޱϣ졣
̩Ƥеڣϰϰܶ༡⣬ǺˮҲͣȭʣɶȥ˴ģȥˣ
ȥүġЦһ䣬̩Ǹˣ˶ǶҪǺȾƣȻҪ׷ȣҲóʲôʵж̩ߣڱϾһлûء
ǸսͿСֺϲȵȣһǴأɽȳҲûյӹԭһݶǶů齫أкҺһȥ棬Ҳ䣬첽̫үȥ
̫үžȻǹŵģǰţƬ̽ϲƲŴ˷ţȦһЩ죬Ȼǲſ޹Һһȥһʲŵ֪ղŽ̫ү̫̫Ѿ˿޵ûڵصģȻϲƾ͸ſˣүӿˣ̫̫Ҳ̫үԸҲͶ̥ȥˡ
û𣿡翴ź˼ʡ
˼˵ʳˣҲڰˡ
ԭǸһǰϲƸ׵һģǸʱ͹ģ˵Ǹ壬̫үڴڿԱƽ̫үʱҲûϣǰʱӵʱ򷭳ˣһʱĶͰóˡ
˵ҵ˾˰ɡ
ʱһߵĽϲȴ˵ǸʶҰְǰһ֣ҾҼȥݷãһǰȥˡ
ӦǳģǳֵĻôô׾ˣôɣȻͳˣӦѿǰɡ˼мĺһ˵ְǸڹֵܵѹȻ뱨
ģҰְֺϵãȻҲᾭҼˣˡϲҡͷ
˼˼һ£ü˵ղ˵ǱȽϺõģ㸸׺н񣬶뺦㸸׵Ļ˵ָʹŸɵģӲȥԺ͸㸸飬Ȼһ㣬ҪҪǰæҲʱǡ
лл㡣ϲЩжЩȫͰﲻæտʼ̵ʱû
ͲллҸ§ҵļ˵ղſȥ̧ʬȥˣ֣
֣ǰģȻ㡣˼۾ҲϾղŵõʮ򣬺Ҷ԰־һ򰡣һѧ˵ĿúþˣǸѨǸҺҲᣬ˵ҺڼǸĴڡ
ãȻɽʱЩ飬ǶоյĶȹˣˣˣɽˣĵطʵҲͦģ˴죬ҪѧˣϲƲźүүˣһоҲɽ֮á
صһͺͽϲƼӴ˸кһ뿪ˣô˵һЩǣǴӽϲõСӵϢԺҲоСӿҲ
ԭСӸĳȨ󣬶Сѧϰɼ죬ǲѾյ廪¼ȡ֪ͨ飬׼Ϣһ꣬ȥԲûж飬ʵҲһ룬ӦþǴ˵еĸ߸˧ɡ
ܶ˶˵߸˧˿ʵҪѧỻλ˼ҪϵǸǮƣӳȺȺĵ˿һôһᣬҾ͸оҲܹûɱ˷Ż𣬱Ͼÿ˼벻һ
һ뿪Ժ˼ĸСҲǣֵһҵطԷȥˣҲûиȥҿ˿߳վ׼ҸطԵ㷹أȻһü۵Ĵ˹
忴˿ĸЦеʣСǣסù𣿡
Ҿֱ˵ãϻСӴƯġ
Һ˵ҪС
̸ĿڣϹϹҲУһ㡣
ٺ˵ҲҪ
Ĭ£С˵ǸСҲеģ
㿴ĸүǲǸպôôҪëСӰ粻ͷĵ˹ȥҵʱ̲סЦһ¡
ȻֻһسǵСҺȥأ벻ֹɣеվ߻վӦö࣬ʱ򶼻иҪҪסȻ˵ʲôˮ谡пյе԰֮ģһȥˮȷУȫˮˮûУϴƨյҲǰ裬÷ֹʵģܿҵԣǸQQܿ
ǻصѧУѾˣһĳ۵ҪǣȻǼͷ˯ˣڶҲ𴲣òԽԽ˯ˣ˯˶ʮСʱˡ
Сֺ̩ҲҴ˺зĻع⳴С֣ôɶأñ磿ⲻѧ
ʡʡɣҵ氮ˣȥȥƽʱȥǸɣ˸ԱûҲ֪ɶƷζ㶼ϵĻӾ;ΪˣȥҪ绰ҪQQڹƻɹءСֳЦ˵
Ͳˣ˵Ҽ磬뿪ڸ绤䣬ͻȻһ£òƻ֪ô绤ǰһһٰʮһӣϲԵĻع⿴ǸϵķͶԻعһȤûˣɴ˿ɼƷζ׵ʲô̶ȡ
һɫ̿㣬˸ɫT˫ЬСֺ̩˸кȥȥɢɢģ߳УţѧǴѧͦģй


038 ҵʹ
ѧΧĴѧܶ࣬˾÷չ˵ǰЩѧûǰһƬɽ壬ѧУ滹ڣרѧУΪǾУרúȻѹĹɷġ
ڵȷΣգΪڵأǹϲĵط֮һѧУǰ϶ǣԴѧУûһûУԶ˵Ȼǲơ
ǴŽȥһ׵ëϯʯ˵ģڸλҪаȥëϯڴԾûˡ
Ϊ⽨ţëϯĴ²֪˶ںܶ˶ëϯĻĴ󣬵ʵëϯǴһôģǰйҰа˾ųɾţʣµЩ񿴵ëϯĻ񶼺µҪ
ѧУôһëϯʯѹЩ»ҰҲҽ
ƵľߵɣǴǾУѧԺмһҵĵضΣܴӦٶ̨ˣã۸ҲƽʱϲҪѧԺŮ࣬һŮ˿ʲôĽ
Ҹ߽ȥͿ࣬Ťķƨǰ̨ȥ̨һMM죬һŮĻеȰɣǴ´ģ˵Цġ
ںʹļһЦ磬㻹İ
ӣǳҿûͷһӣҵʱһ£һ£ȿȣգղţղŲǺǸײôҲǸ绰˵ô
Զԣԣǵıĳҵ˵ͷҵķӦȽ⣬ǸMMʣ磬Ȼȥ㳵ɣϾӱȽҪ
û£ֵǮȻ˵˵Сţҵģ㻹ô˵ŻĵĳǸMMۣһ˵㼦Ƥ룬ҪMM㿪ȥ棬ô졣
˵ʵڲȥҴһ¾ˣǷɱӵľῪôҪһMṂҪܴһʮĵ̯ôҡҡͷ
ˣİɣԼҸطϷȥʵܲ紵ţˣ紵ţƶģģԵݼɡ
ǵǼһǸԺûô죿
˵Ҳ˵Ժ˰ˣ˭Ⱑ
ҵ˵ͷ˵УˣǵһСû¸ҰǮϴδƻأˣһ֪ĳĳӣ㿴ҺȥȥɽĺӰ
ұӵĿ磬˵ɽʱǺһ˸ӰأԭΪõġ
ҡҡͷԹԵߵһϲģһ̨һǸϷ׼ġ
ʱֻĵһɫ԰׵ŮŮĿʮҰɣɫͷúܾ£ſоҵʱ˳ƾԱߣԣQQء
ҡҡͷ㿪ԼLOL֮·
ȻϷҲʱŮŮȻһֱ̡ʲôһԭһȥοһҲû취ӡ
Ů̳ĺܶ࣬صͷѳСɽˣ̺Ҳˡ
ι𣿡Ůʣûˣɳƣ͸ûˮһҵʱһϲѵǿҳðװҪң
ͳһ̵ݹȥŮֽӹԺ˵˾ллԺû˵ˣҵʱҲ֪ô˵ͿŮһһûϹ
һҲֶûʵʧһˣҲ̫ˣ뵽ԣƤԸƤԲţҾͺƤŮʣඣŮɶְ
ԭһΪҪѵۣû뵽ŮֱӾͿڵɺɺ˵Ժûҡ
ðɣʼҲ̫ңҲóС椵ȷòҲƤȥġ
浽죬Ǹɺɺû뿪ļһ̶ɺɺҲ̧ͷҵ˵ͷ
һɺɺɫ԰쳣۾ȫѪ˿ȻǱˣҲûôӦ̫ͨ˵
תȥʱѾʧˣصԺˣһĸǴ֮ڸ㶨Ǹ椣ȻѰһĿ꣬εҡҡͷһ̫ˡ
ǵڶҲͼѧˣηżǰҲӿΣҪͷѾˣҲڼϰ࣬ҪϢ죬ԲûʱСÿ찾ҹСֶСˣ˵磬Ȼȥ˵Ҳȥҹˣ⹤̫ۣҲûɶǮҲҰãˡ
ΪʲôԼȥֵʣС˵ⲻǲ˼˵ô
ҵ˵ͷС־ȥڴ绰ΰҿС֣ҹǸÿҲͦģǵ㹤ʰɣɶһһǧ壬УСø
ҵʱҲû룬ž˵壬С˵ҹ⹤İá
û뵽Сһסҵ죬ȻһԼǰһֱͦţ֣ص˵ҵʹ


039 ɺɺ
ѧǿģ˶ѧ죬ÿ춼ʦôʬʱ䣬иָרҵ֪ʶ̫ˣԭһΪǵ󸹱̰٣ÿڰ칫һѵľԼ˲赹ˮȻϺȥ̸̸룬̸δ
ʦǣǾֳеĴʱҾĳ绹̩Ǽ˵Ժᣬ˼оְŸʲôĶţǰŵصľֵСֳɶզҲ̣֪
ǸʦʱԱأͳ˵ûϵζϣǹϵλˣ뵱ֳҲõȰϸֳ¸ڻ߸аʮ֮ǰֳܵ㲻ġ
֮ҲԭֳҲôõģû£ԼξˣҲ̰ġ
һܹĺܿ죬ʵЩרҵ֪ʶͦϲģʦǿһЩ쵵еһЩ¼ƬЩ¼ƬֲƬһش̼üүһǺͼһүǿ˶µòУСֿҲɫҰס
ϴǼСְִҲûܳɹ˭ѧУǹأ˵ҪҳԷʹȥѧУʳøҷ±һ̩ˣһһ롣
ô˵һܹȥĺܿ죬һܲûп˼ˣҪϵһǶִרҵ칫ҵ֣ⶰ¥ҲԶѧϰȽأҲû
ܿˣѧԺɶҲܣֱɣѾɾǰ̨ȥǸˣң̩С־ȥϲǸϷˡ
Ҹ߽ͿɺɺˣɫӲ԰ˣԱ߻վһеģеĳһ㣬ͷŶ̴磬ǺܾеĻǸɺɺ˻ʲô
ʱ仹ֻɺɺһˣĸλʶɺɺԱߣȻǸеĿ˵ɺɺԺòãⶼΪã㻹̫СˣֻҪٳһЩˡ
ҲףҹɺɺͻȻʹŤͷһۿҲһ
ߣ㶼ʮˣ㲻Ҫܲ˵ģеҲܲˣȥɺɺҿ˵ҪٲҾ͸ˡ
Ҳʶ㡣˵ɺɺ˳ָ˵ڵѣҹԶһЩ
ðɣ޹ǹˣɺɺ˵ˣҲ˵ɶҲʣվе˵ǣе㲻ʰɣ˼Сﶼ˵˲ʶˣôţ컯Ǭ֮㻹ˣå
ѡ˸տڣû뵽ɺɺͻȻվһӴϣڲˣҹ
ˣҸһˣʲô㻹˽ͬģ㲻ܱѵģ̫˽ˡǸεĿɺɺ˵꣬û뵽ɺɺȻһ˹һûӦɺɺͳҵ촽ǡ
Ժɺɺͷеģָҵˣڲѣˣ
еؿھҵ˫۶񶾵Ŀһ۵úá˵ת뿪ˡ
е뿪Ժɺɺһ̱ϣȻſʹĿ
ҵʱˣģҵĳǰŮĶˣǸʶŮģȻ椻ҲԿҲֵ˱˻װĶƣʹһԿ޵滨ɺɺͻȻֱĳ嶯ѵǴ˵еһ飿
ԣӦòɶһ飬һ˵ƯӶ⸱ˣôôأ
̩Сָǿֱ۾̩ͱͱҼ˵Ͻȥο˼Ӷôˣ㻹󰡡
ҰɺɺıϿ˿뿪˵ͻȻɺɺתҾʹͬһζϮҸС˵Ǵûеľ
ɺɺҾʹޣһʱҲ֪ô죬Ҳû˵ɺɺҿˡһᣬɺɺˣ͵ҼϺ˯һ
Բۣ࣬ҹֵȥǸӣÿˮʲôģ˲ǿҪ㶨һű˺ѳܾһ룬Ǽϲ
̩СֵĻһ˵ҪԷεúܣϾɺɺղŻǹǸеģ˯Ժƾ˭Ҳʶ˭ˡ
Ѿͷ˯ֱӿҼ˯˵ڶϾŵ㣬ҲʮСʱҼ۵ܲˣҲ̫˼
ǾԱһϵϷû֮ǰҲѹԺĳ棬ҪԺֱתҶඪ˰ҪȻԸû˯ãȻȥݿúϢһ£ȿȣұᣬҵʱ뷨ش࣬ũɽȪһࡣ
ϾŵҸоϵԴһ£һعԺѾվˣԺҲĺۡ
ллˡɺɺǸĿңҿЦһҡҡͷ˵û£ɲôôƯʵҲ̫ܡ
ԭһΪɺɺͻԼ뿪أû뵽ɺɺ̫Ѩ˼һᣬžȻһ˿ЦݣȻ˵ιѡҳ緹ȥ


040 ѪԺ
ôһŮԷȻ˵úܣҪɺɺû뿪ⲻ˵һл
æԱߵ̩˵Դͣš
˵ʹܵ˴ѧǸһҷ꣬˷꣬㣬ûʲôرźװΣߵļܰ·ߣҲܺóԣһֻǼ۸Ƚƫ
ǲǻôҲ⣬Ǽ˾˷ꡣ
ϣտţԱڴǷأǽԺǼְҵ΢Цӭ
ǰҲûⷹ꣬װһҪһ䣬˽˷䣬ɺɺǺԱߣ̩绹СƫԶĵطȻҶ˵ദһᡣ
ʵԼû뷨ǲܵģɺɺôƯһȻʱɫ԰ף˫ͨ죬Ư΢һ¿϶
ԵʲôҰѲ˵ݸɺɺɺɺֽ˹ȥ´һ²˵Ȼ˵ǵɣҲǺܶ
С˵ʹĵ֪򣬿϶ҿ̩СּôˣһҲû赲˼Ǹʹ
Ⱥһ̫쵰ˡ
ǸԲˡɺɺҵļһǸ˵𣿡
ûû£ô£ˣѰɣȻƤ񣬵˼ҪѵĻҲûȤ
ǰѣѾˡɺɺҵĻһ£¶һ˿ĵģܿӦúǸеĹϵòǡ
ɺɺ뵽ʲôһͿ˵ˣ˵Щģ㲻Ҫ⣬ĻԺ󽻸Ѱɡ
šҵ˵ͷҲһϲ󽻻һֻ룬˺ܿˣȻȻǿʼԣɺɺûʲôθڣھ͵ͷɫѿ
ҳ˷ԺԱɺɺ쳣ɻʣôˣ岻𣿡
ûû¡ɺɺͻȻɫˣͻȻſڣһѪ˳Ȼһ͵˵ϣ˹ȥ
Ƕһ̩Ӧ죬˵ŸʲôϽҽԺ
̩һץɺɺڱϣȻ¥ȥҺСֽ󣬶ںˡ
ǳȥԺæһʿ˾һѾȾѪɺɺҲһ£̩ʦȥҽԺ
˾Ҳˣ˵ſ
ҽԺԺҵҽԺҽɺɺͽ˼ңͷˡ
Σ˭ǲ˼ǩһǲܼһҽɫĳʵ
üͷһ壬֪ҽԺĹصģȥɺɺҵԺ˶ˡ
ѣĸأǩҶգűʾǩ֣ǸҽɵĿһۣǵʱ죬Ǹҽûжʣתȥˡ
ûҲˣпң˵ԼȥҽԺܸӣһСʱŸ㶨
Ҳһֱڼ棬ڻû㶮ôأôԸιȥ
˴Сʱҽһɵ߳ҽߵǰ˵ϲˣܳɹ˵ǻѱ˰ɣ︸ĸ칤ѾϵĸĸˣڸϹ
£һŮ˹һʮ꣬һװǸŮһʮĸŮһӻһһ࣬һǮˡ
һеľɺɺӣɫǺܽŵܹǸҽЦӭȥ˵ʲô
̩ü˵ӣߣһ˾Ǯˣǲߣ˻ΪҪǮء
ҵ˵ͷо̩˵еվ׼뿪ɺɺǸǰͻȻͺȵվס
ʶվסˣŤͷ˹ȥǸӾȻóǮ鴤һңָ̧˵ı˵ҲǼСʲô뷨ԺǼɺɺԶ㡣
̩һ˵ʲôʱУĴѧҲСˣھֵǶС
ȥүġ˵žһǮ̩϶˹ȥȻ첲Ҫ̩֡
Ҷס֣ҽԺ֡Ǹ˺סҶļһȻһĮĿ˵ǾУģǾɺɺһ֪ͨУǱģɺɺѧҵΪأǲҪϵˡ
ȻӰȡһпݹ˵飬Ǹǵл񡣡
ҡҡͷתˣҲûнȻҲеУ磬Сֻ̩ȻҲǸһˡ
үģǮ˲𰡣ëŪӵġһҽԺ̲ס
Сҡͷ˵㻹ɱˣ˼ôǮƼһ涼ѣһ
Ҳ˵˵ˣүġŭĴ̩ʱҲˣ˵ˣ̾ˣҪôǮԼŮһѧ˻𣿡
ҲǡתͷҼ˵û£ҸõľǣŮĲҪͲҪֲɶ£ȥɱ
ôôҿЦһ£ȻͷϱֵúɣҲܣΪʲôɺɺȻĸܣǵӾеľ飬ֻǶɺɺкøаˣܲ˱Ӱĸо
ˣ°


041 
صѧУԺҲû·ϣɶ棬óͳԣôෳհһܺĩɺɺǸҴ˵绰
ι»𣿽ʱȥ԰档ɺɺԲһЦŮܲͬôҾ˵а
Ǿڶ԰ſڹɢ˵ɺɺ͹Ҷ˵绰
һʱ䣬ʮˣǶȥˣҴɫTһεţпͳˡ
һСʱ˶԰ѾʮһˣǽڼյĹϵ˻ͦģҾĵĶڴԵ
Źʮӣʮһʮˣҿ˿ȺУûɺɺ֣ѵұŸˣ
ͻȻҺһ˫סҵ۾Ҳŵһζ˱˵ι²˭
ǲɺɺŮЦһ£ɺɺһӱĵҵǰ˵ˡ
һɺɺӣѹûϳֱ˸˰ҲǴһɫTм仹и꣬ҲǴһɫţп㣬Ĵչš
Ҳûлױǰǲ԰׵͸һɺɺЦ˵û뵽ôƯɡ
ȷû뵽Цһֵʣǰ컹װôôˣѸû
ɺɺҲܻҵ־԰ߣһһ˵϶ûаһԾŶòã˵־ͷ֣˵Ҫ׷ңôҪҪҲ׷һ£˵һþʹӦء
˰ɣҵϵŪ֪ɺɺǿЦģҲû档
Һɺɺ˶źɫ·ţп㣬ҵ֣ԶԶһһѻѵ¡
ѾͷҲ⶯԰ﵽйŮһйĸоֻһݣˬ
ΧЩеĽʺ޵Ȼ֪ɺɺŮѣǿССĻǺݺݵһ¡
ɺɺһСʱߵ˫ȷɺɺҵһ̲ҽȥ̲衣
ôôɺɺӵ˵
Ŵȣҡͷһ£ѾͷôСʱۣðɡ
Һһ̲裬ΧҲûʲôˣҾʣɺɺǸҶôأ˵˵¡
ǸԽɺɺҡҡͷ˵ʵġȻ͸˵
ԭܼ򵥣ûôӣǸҶϵǸǮĸɺɺ׺ǰ˸һ𳤴ҲǺ飬ǵĸĸҲǿ
νŮ⣬˻ŵԣɷˡ
ҲǰʱɺɺϵɺɺŪѧõ꣬ҶȻͲ󣬵Ѿ׵ҵѧϰˣһȥɺɺͲˣȻһҳߡ
ѾͷҲܼˣǸҶȰüΣͺǸҶﲻϸԼһȥͳ˵ʱɵһĻ
룬ѾͷҲ̫˰ɣȥ궼ҳߣö뵱ء
ҽžҡͷ˵»治˵㸸ףǸҶҲΪãе̫ˡ
Уҵ˭ҲܸҵľҪʲôǸĸߣǶİɺɺһ£ҡͷ˵˵ˣⲻǸɹôҲͬѧԺѧϰˡ
Ȼȥ㶫ҵ°˹ɣɺɺĴЦ
ҵ˵ͷоѾͷ̫̫˵㣬ͻȻͷе㲻õԤУѵҸй֣ҿ˿ûɷ
ɺɺȻؼңͻȻе㼱¡վҲɺɺķӦ˵˳ȥ
һܳȥҿ˿ΧǶﰡҲйҸоһ£ҵͷһȻǷӡǸ塣
ôǻˣʱҲûиѵˣߵһû˵Ľ䣬Сĳʣ룬ôˣ
˾ڸϽץסܱ䣬һҿ˿˵⶯԰ɽ˺ô֪ĸɱǸˡ
Ҳ֪Ҿ֪֮һ뱨𣬾˭оȻҳԼȥɡ
УһʲôҺѰæҡͷ̫ôȻҲɢΣһͻȻɱĴ𣬵ɱ˾鷳ˡ
һߣҼǵãǰϿεʱĿ˵Ժҽüжߣô˵˺ͺļһһģ
Ҹ۲һأͻȻ̲귽˴
ˣ˰ˣ˳ۿȥȻߵĴ󺺾Ȼ̧ɺɺܣɺɺ
ĵ⣬ʱʲô˰ȥүȻ뱨𣬵ϾɺɺǻˣĳԺһᣬɺɺҪǹ˾군ˡ
뵽ҾͿ񱼵׷ȥ·ĵطȻڴס֣ͣ£ǸŮ֮Ļûһ˿ϳֻ֣Ҫ˳ȥһҾܳȥֹˣһֱû˸ǰ
ܵ˶԰ŵʱЩҲװûһҵʱЩҲֻԶЩ󺺾̧ŸҲܵ÷ɿ죬֮ǰֱɺɺСʱ;ƣˣܳȥЩѾ˽Ӧǵﳾȥ
Ͻ绰ұҳһ˵Ժͻȥ˵绰
磬ɺɺ˰ˣϽĸλҼæʣһʲôȥүģ֣ڶ԰ţϹ


042 ˽
ҲͶʮӾͿʮʮľ콹˹˽ȻЩΧ۵˶ָң˵ǺǸܵŮһġ
ʮæܹͷǸ쿴ʮ꣬ߵǰһȻžȻϴЦʣѱ˰ɣʲôǰʲôûУ
һʳ֪ëҡҡͷش˼ҺҲʶãɺɺѧԺѧǿȥѧУҡ
ɺɺѧԺǸͻȻЦݾͽӲסˣæóһֻһ绰ŵ绰漱֣԰ˡ
ȴ绰Ժ쿴ҵɫȻò٣Ȼ֪ɺɺϵȻǾ¾־ֳ֪Ѿͷû뵽ôţ⾯ʱ̬ҲȽϺãΪҺɺɺһİɡ
Ӳһͳ˹ٶԳˣֱӴƳ嵽˶԰ſڡ
֮ǰҽԺǸӳʱһɫܽ嵽֮ǰǸеǰһŴϣߵڵϹȦ
ҵŮˣʺģܳŸʲôϽȥ¼񣬰ǸӸҳӴЩһͷҲ˵
ͻȻ˾ŤͷңȻȻҲһ˹ҸϽһǸ˾ŮԶ𣿡
û˵ҡҡͷ϶ر𲻺ã˵ʲôоˬȻһ粻˵ء
֣ɺɺҪСӆˣǸϽȥ¼ɡ߷ǸŶվԱ߽Żæĵ˵ͷ˵ԶԶԣϽȥҡ˵Ⱥ˾Χ¼ڹһץ˾ҲҪ¼ڹɡ
ھҲûµĺȺ⶯԰뾯ֺܽ·ҲʮӣҲͶʮӣ֮ǰ˱˰ʵһӾܸϵģȺ˭˰죬ȭʮ˲ܹ顣
ǹжߣƽھʲôͰͻȻܣֵЩ˶кãⲻĹôû뵽ܵľȻֵǧڳʮ˿ǵ滮ȭģ»ȥСЬˡ
صԺһ˵ֵǧ𱻰ˣ˶ˣ¼Ĳ¼񣬷·ߵķ·ߣҲһС档
ӲǸյӣܺڣмиСӣ滹иƣ͸ӰѶһ
һҴ棬˵ҵźһ˴ˣ˴ʮӣ߽һʮľһʮľ졣
˿ü۵ģǸʮŶҵĶ棬Ȼ˻ֳűȽľ˵ȸϸ
ȵȸǣֲʲôԱֻĿ֤ˣҲҪüͷǸʮЦһ˵ǹأС㻹ʲô
ǸСæóһҿˣҲû˶׳ҷҲûɶá
ȸտϣǸʮľЦˣȻĳ룬澹Ȼóм顣
ôҲǾУİҪ˰ҸվʱͱǸСУһ¸˵ϣſڵϣͻȻͱǺݺݵһš
Ҹүģ˽Ҫǡʹд
棿ʲô棿ߡǸʮľһ˵СȻٴ򣬿ⶼǾ飬ѧŵ㡣
ǸʮľҵͷȻŪǽǣԱߵС鵲ҵؿǰ棬ֲ֪ʲôطóһСӣǶ֣Ȼݺݵľһҵؿڡ
һ´ҲûûĶ޷Сһһҵء
ŴңҲ˶׳ֻͶˣ˵ǴˣҧҲҿˣ֪ģԽǴþԽݣ˵ǴһҲ͸оû˼ˡ
ʱӦǴ˶ʮӣҸоһʹһʼһ㣬鵲Ŵ򣬵鷳ֱ־ʹԴγģѪһ
Сӣ㣬ٿû꣬⼸ҺСû»źźġǸϾоȻûзŹҵ˼
ǵҺûǰɡҺܲ⣬ҲûɶޣҲµ֣
ȷûǣϴ󲻸ˣֻίһˣٺ١ǸʮϾҵȻͰǸڵСת뿪ˡ


043 
ģҲ֪ʲôʱ䣬ѶҺܺ׻˵ģȺһﻹеģҳ˸з
ԭһΪܼŰأû뵽ϵʱһӴˣͷ߽һʮӣ磬нϲƣһҵƣһѱסңﻹСԣ˭㣬߸磬Ū
㻹ô嶯ǸͷҵģɺɺҲں棬ͷе仰˵ͦġͷеľߵǰҷȻеʣСֵܣг»Զ԰ɣû°ɣ
һ£Ҷ˵ϲְ֡
ҲæмĿϲƣ֪ҽ̫ãоԾˣýϲҹϵҵģæŽϲְ˵лл壬ûʲô¡
ҽͺˣҼүӵ黹ллءϲְЦ˵
Ǹֽɽ߹һ˵Ͻ˵ʶСӲ͵ˣСӹص㣬Ů
ϲְҿ˿˵˳ȥ˵顣
ɽͷͰѺŵС˳ȥҲֻʣң磬ϲƣɽнϲְ֡
ЩȥʱҲСҶ߸ңԭϲưְֽн𽨹һĸ
𽨹ЩԺ˵ȷ̫嶯ˣŮɻÿЩСֵܲУ˼ҴҵҪȻôСֵܡ
ô£˵ɽܵһ־ֳ϶Ҳǰ׵ģ֮ǰô嶯ֻΪԼŮһʱŭˡ
½𽨹Ͱɽ齲ɽ𽨹˵Сֵɲǽƭ֮
ɽ۾һ˵˼˵а취ҵŮ
ɽҲû˴ҵ飬Ҳ᲻ʶѲɻҵǸô˼ҿǾ־ֳôܾΪǸ͵Ǹ
ѵûҵɺɺʡ
ɽҡͷ¶һɺ⣬˵õĶǼٳƣҲλСֵܰҵŮԸھϯ
ֳھϯˣŮָңҿԿʲôλʲôطҵϸʲôطҲͲ֪ˡҺȻرҲɵȱô⾯־ֳİھϯ϶Ҳ˵˵ˡ
ɽһϲ˵ãˣ˲ھУ𣿱ҵԺֱϰͿˡ
㻹湻ƻģ˼ҰŮ㻹¾ôҪľֳ֪ھУ飬ȥѧУȥԼľֶпܣ㵹Ǽıò𽨹Цеġ
ϽϢǧ͸¶ȥɽ˵Ժ˵úÿһ°ɣżһظġ
ô˵һأ壬ô£Ž𽨹ʡ
𽨹Ҳ˵ʵںüǰͿʼձ뾯ˣΪܶ඼޽ⰸǲó۽͵İܶ඼ΪԳ¼С飬ֳ֮Ϊץ֡
һʼ¼СǹڸԵطֹϽڲ䣬ԹһץץΪĵ֯Ҳץ֣Ǹ֯ϸ񣬹ǻУ¼С鲢ûʧ⣬¼Сǰ¼֯ץָ¼С飬ֻҪеطн˵¼Ǿͻ˹
أû뵽йȻץ֯ﻹǺҸģѵͺʹ˵йࣿ𽨹Цһҡͷ˵ˣץֱӹܣ֪ҲôˣǱҵ˿ȥһ£ܹܲɣôˣһʱʱҼģȰæɺɺɣ켱ˡ
ɺɺ֣ҡǸֳҲȷǼˣæóһݸ磬дɺɺ֡
ǵ˾ֵ̨ϵǣȻ
ֻóһֽʼ񽭺ƭ¾Ϳˡ
ӣָϷ˵ʮ⣬ֱһ֮ڣֻôˣ׼㲻ˡ
ɽæóͼһ˵ҵˡ
ԭ˵ĵطѾǽˣûʲôɽҰģֻһĹҪǻ˶ڳǻҲǰ˸ǣӾ⣬ץҰ˼ô
ˣΧǣ̵ģҵŮҵҪʲô£ɽľͳ¥𽨹ĽϲƵļؼ˯ϲҲ֪κҲûãҲûһ
Һ磬н𽨹˾ɽĲǰȥɺɺ


044 Գ
ھԼ۵ļﻹ̲ס˼䣬ȻڻʹҲرˣûտʼˡ
ҲҺ磬н塣
ɽµϱˣֱӾͳʮʮ죬ʮĴӽϺХҲʲô̵ơ
ǸϹڽһСɽµİɽϣСɽҲߣʮͣɽ£ûֱӳȥ
Ƕʮ˰Сɽ¸Χһܵʣµĸȥˡɽ紩Ϸˣ˫һǹһӾͳŰɽϵĹȥǾȻҲҺһһ¡
·ھУͼûʱֻʦùǹۿһ£һϷ£Ҳ̫ˣʮ⣬ΧЩ촩ŷ»ģҾһ
ʵҺҪһҲսɽ˼˵ǾУģһץ˵ĸо
һʮˣɫʹǰ岢ûкһϾ˼ҿǸôܸȥץͽҪץɽԼŮɽƾָˡ
һͻΧҪκһͽܡɽ忪ڵҺûз飬ɻ
ʱϹѾܽˣŷϹȥǾһ͵ӣռһǧƽɣҲôһӣ֮ǰ·֮ģˡ
Ǹտ⹤Ϳеƹ˸Ҫ֪⹤ѾƲüˣһһĶˣûҴط
ʮĵߵһЩݴһ˶һѺǹȻûҺķݣῪأ˵ǹġ
Ǿ͸ľһСߵſڣȻһʹľһ߿˴ţȺͳ˽ȥҺʮ룬ҪսԺٽȥʮ뾹Ȼûдǹ
ߣȥľ˽ȥҸͽȥˣȥԺһĻĳһϹ֮ǰЩеӦöˣյġ
м侹Ȼһʮּܣɺɺͱ棬˺˹ȥʮּԱ߾Ȼվźɫˣ·˶棬Ҳֻˣ˸ӰûС
ֳþòҿúءмǸźڶ˰ñӷɽЦһһ£˾ȻԳʱԳôྯΧžȻûһ˿ŵ˼ȻЦеĿɽ
ɽһ˵ҺϽβɣ㾹Ȼǰ̵ˣ̫ʧˡ
ԳͻȻҺ磬Цһ˵Ҿ˵ǸͷôûԭڵҲýһǸʰˡ
ôĿҿǹҪģҪġɽ̧־ҪǹͻȻԳóһСߵɺɺԱߣСɺɺĲ˵ôǹҿЩǲǹ֣᲻˵ıŮ
ͣɽһƶԼµЩҲûţȻͻ˵ϣץס
ɽ˵ȻԳˣЩպȭͳȥһηҲûУҲʮүǴиƨµġ
ԣʬᣬüһֱվŲˣȻտľ쾹Ȼһ¾ͱˡȻףݺݵˤ˵ϡ
˵ñҲЩ֮ǰޱȵľһӣʱͺû˸ˡ
ˡȻֻʬ˿һʬ壬һһŮϸõ쳣أһЩɫǵ۾ӣϸõƤȥ
ʲصľֱӾŻҲһˮθӿΪ˲ˣһס˻ȥ
ʲô£ʬȺ˵ʬ廹𣿸ϡɽԼҲһŭЩҲû˸ϣ˶ԳԼⷶΧĶẦ£߻ᶯʬ塣
ֳ¶ԸԳˣ丯ʬ˽Ϳˡ翴ʱǰһ
Ҫ˵ⸯʬ͵ҴֻʬʮǧҺԸֻʬӦûģȻҲôĳȥ˵֮ǰǷˡ
ɽһ⻰æ͵ĿҺһۣȻͷ˵áȻʹԱһСԴһ£ȻָԳ˵Ÿʲôץ
ԳҲɫһ䣬һʼĴܺãҪɺɺɽȻʬɱɽֻʬҺ˵ʲôӵҲɱģִɺɺва˳ɵİɱɽ
ڣҺȫļƻ


045 
С˵ȻҼƻԳһĿҺ磬һɺڸǵĿǡ
˵ƻզأбҧҰֱӾ˻ȥһҲʾȻ˵ʬԸǸеģҶԸŮġ
˵ԺͳȥҡҡͷһŷҲûУô򰡣Ҳû뵽һܰȻײԳԺóˣܸɶ¶ôŷС
ҳȥʱѾֻŮԸʬʵ͸ʬִ򶷶ûôӡ
Ҹоֻʬ͸ͷСܲ࣬һȭȻԼ㿪һȭҲˣֻԵĸʬ
Ҹ߽ŵһɶĵĶζǿŲȥȻһųĶȥҶû뵽һžȻǸʬߵú˺ü
ʬˣһųʬȥⸯʬҲǳԸɷģ˫һץסҵȣſҪҧ
Һܲףһ㶼˲ӣʬ־ҧˣǸһô˵ҧǺֲܿģһҲˡ
ҿĴҪҧҵˣȷһԴϣû֧ţ˳Ƶ˵ϡ
ʬҵأͺһŮѹ·һҾҾ͸оһŸһѹҵϣָоĵ˼㡣
ҲƲҵһҧξʹһҧ⣬һʹѪζﴫһ³Ѫֻʬϡ
ѪһֻʬϾ͸һȻðֻ̣ʬҲʹĲҽ
㡣һŴĶϣߵԱߣҾæŻµʹϥǶֻʬĲӣȻִ³Ѫֻʬϡ
ֻʬҲʹƬ֮ûϢҿŪⸯʬԺŸоͷʹҪײǧѧҧͷ̫ΣˣȻѪ󣬵ҲһʮΣյ顣
Ҫҧ˿ڲǾûѪҪҧ̫˾ҧԾˣԺܽ
ŪʬԺŸо¾ȻɢһʬӦþǸղⸯʬŪģ֮ǰھֱԼͷʹҾ͸оûһطܵġ
תͷһ磬ͱˣǸŮԸʬأҲû˼磬ı¶ԸʬûģʵڲԼҧͷ
ŤͷԳķ򣬴ʱԳȻõɺɺĲϣһһأҪ˳Ȼ֮زز
ԳӲģֻ©ڷµұ֤㲻ᱻ̣һڡɽȻȰ˵
ҡҡͷʲôһڰһӿ໹һǹͶ̥أһɽ̸мɣҪȥ̸Уͽ˺Ʊƶ˺Ʊˡ
ȥģͽ𽨹˵ŰɣһҪǵСԳʱѾߵſˣȻõɺɺͱһɺɺǰһƣתˡ
ǸϽȥ׷ץסɽ˵ԺͱԼŮʲôҲ˵ɽЩͳԳܵķ׷ȥһܵ죬Ƕ֪˭ҪץԳ϶Ǵһ
ҵûȥ׷Ͼһˣ϶׷ģתͷһ磬ҲհֻʬҲ湻ˣ֪ʲôطóһľ̶ɵľСذףһ²ֻʬؿڴȻֻʬ鴤¾Ͳˣɵĸɵֻʬ
ɵֻʬԺҲϽɽľѾֻ˲٣ǻɽɺɺȥҽԺҺһ˳糵ͻص죬ҽԺ
ҽԺļ⣬ҺҴҸϵɽͽ𽨹һѾڼ⣬˻֣ͬĳɫһ£ܵɽͽ𽨹ǰʣɺɺû°ɣ
֪ɽǳ𽨹Ա߰ο
ͻȻҾͿ֢澹Ȼ߳һˣԣȻǴֱӴģɺɺ⾹ȻɺɺĻǡ
磬ɺɺĻǰһͼˣѵɺɺˣɽһʱ𽨹ļָż˵ҵĵƻûϨɺɺûʲô¡
СԣС裬а취𣿡𽨹˵꣬˵ҵýȥһɺɺ½ۡ
С𽨹ɽҽԺˣ˵һȥɺɺȻǸҽʼԣɽͽ𽨹ļ֣ͬˣǸҽǴ˿֣òҪ˵´ҽȡ
ǽȥԺվԶԶģһҲóֽʿʼ˼ӣСĵãɺɺǶһǣ


046 ޻
ꣿһüͷҲŸǱС￴
֪ûʱͻȻȻԺĪĻһЩǰ鰡һЩ
ʲôʱĪǶˣⲢأΪǻҵ㣬ԼɺɺľͲ
ɺɺǻҲˣãĵǻ֪룬ֻҪһ̫һĻǾͻɢ
ɽһԼŮһǺҲɫʣô죿л𣿡
ܿ϶ܡɫĵ˵ͷڵûô򵥣лйǲһģйֻҪ˵֣ȻԵͿ԰ѹǿйǶڣ˵˻ŵǸǿ׳һЩԲŸǿйķţɺɺǶɢˣ˵磬Ҫַǻֱɢ
˵ôൽûа취ҿʡ
ͷ̾˿ɽ˵ֳҽԺԱһʮ·ʮ·ڣκγκ˽һ·ʮһ㣬һ֮ǰһҪŪãֻһΣҪǲеĻһɺɺһǾͻᱻУᦣԼɥ£ֽǮ
šҪ˵ɽ֮ǰҪĻпܣۿҺʬģҲ汾¡
ɽҲ˵תܳȥˣһҲüʣʲôæ𣿡
ɽĹϵԼѵŮҲвס翪ڵ壬ȥæһЩɰڹѪֽͯëɣҪһŶ
šͷת˳ȥ
ҿһӾʣأô죿
Ϳ¡翴ҾȻЦһʣҵģ
϶İ֪ѧķˮ֮ȻɰֽԺȻһŶɺɺʣµĶǶ棬Ȼ͸ɽ޻ꡯͿˡ
޻ꡣһӾˡ
޻ʵйһܹϵĻ귨ʲôʱѾɿ֤ˣõһֻ귽
ȵҶ߸һصĵطȻ󶪻ߵ״ɥɥ޺ߵ֣лӦӰӾҲȴʮΣգȻӾûһ㡣
˵ǣֱΪ꣬ػ꣬˻꣬ʬʸȸǶ࣬Σֱϲŭ壬
гŭǶǣлʱǻ뾡һа취ֹл꣬Ṵɱǲ
л긽ĹҲᱻйЩ궼ˣ˶˽Ҽ˺õģЩĹ꿴Ҫл긴ҲͻĽʺޣȻҡ
лҲʱ˵͵˿ʱ˵͵˿ԿлʱҪǱл˷˿ͻẦˡ
лĹغܶಢûô򵥡
ʮӹͽˣҽΣѾˣɺɺֻҪڲָˡ
Ȼǳ⣬Ѿû»ǼϲѶȻɺɺͽ˰䲡ѵʱʮӺˣѾʮһˣҲ˵Ǽ
⼸Ū˺ܾãҲܹϵģЩҲŪرǺڹѪϵ棬ʲôڹȥһɫľȮŪ˺ڹѪ
ŪԺҾɺɺ濪ʼˡ
ֻң磬壬оڴϵɺɺҲһʱûлˣӦʱ̫̰ˣѧʾһҲûŪˣóһ룬ѺڹѪɰͯ򣬰һ˽ȥһ¡
ȻóëʿʼȻǰûлҲŷرͼһŷΪЧֻܶס˵ǲϡ
ӾͻŷóЯǸӡ£մϺڹѪɰȻʹм䰴һ£µ˲һŷɫӫ⣬Ȼֺܿʧˣҵ˵ͷˡ
ŶɺɺĶͷˣϣ뷣
Ժǲ˲ϢȴɽϢ
żСĽ̸һµȴţʮʱɽĵ绰ˣȥ¥¡
ҽԺұ߾һܴʮ·ڣʮ·ڵмصģԲҪ￪ʼлꡣ
ȥԺ󣬹ȻŵĽֵϾȻ˾һˡ
춼Զĵط˾ߣУȥԺԺɽűżɥߵǰʣɺɺôˣ
ͷ˵ʱû£Ȼ׼ˣǾ͵Ȱɣ賿һ㣬ʢʱʼ


047 л꿪ʼ
賿һˣ׼һ¡翴˿ʱ䣬ָʮ·ڷԸȻͿʼɥֳͳ»ʹɥޣɺɺһٻڼһЩţɺɺĶᵷңҪ»ԵˣҪ͸ߣҪɺɺĶ굷ҾͲҪʲôҪٻˡ
һԺֳ;Űᦣһ߿һҸ˵Ǿס·ϲͣҲܻͷһ·ߵɺɺķ䣬ȻĴͷOKˣСԣͺúñֳɺɺĻǾͺˣҽԺԩ껹ǺܶġԸ̲꣬ס˵˵һΣɺɺĻǺܴһҪСһ㣬ȻҪһɺɺǾȹҲֲˣҪôɵˡ
šҵ˵ͷô˵ɺɺѾͷҲеϵ϶Ŭ
ܿһ͵ˣͽ嶼رˣоҲϵ˿ĵطΧʮ·յģ·ҲѾˣһɭĸоʱ䣬賿оҲ쬵ġ
ءɽŰɫɥ˫ȹڵϴһ߿һʮ·мֽǮ
ҲվɽԱ߳ɤӴɺɺǿصϵطͷβһ»ꡫϴһ»ꡫǰһ»꣬һ»ꡫɺɺǿ
ɽҲһ߿һߺɺɺɣһôҲףɡ
ҵʱͷɻأʱһμɽһĲǻһٸô֪ԭǸŮɺɺĺ衣
һʼɽǼٿޣǺϷˣĻǰɺɺɣһ߿ޣһ˵ɺɺСʱ飬Ҳһֱɺɺǿ
һֱɺɺĻǶûɽ۾ˣҸɻ󵽵ôµʱأͻȻһɺɺͳԱߡ
ɺɺ͸޵ĸоҲ˫ۺף޹һ޿ĵԺҲˣҲˣء
ɽɺɺԼǰϲȥæסڵɺɺܲɽϵ
ɽһ£ʱŷӦæɺɺǰ˻Σɺɺʧ档
Ӧþǰǣɽ˵ԼСʱ򶯲ſ
ŭҲܿĳǰŭǾǺһҪɱɱģ˵ɽȥѧҪɽǸɽװһĵǸȻṥƲ
ǸˣɺɺİǾ̬ȼɽ˵Ļǵɺɺ˵ˣǵҪɽͱǸˡ
Ҳ˵ģԸͬǾҪò̬ͬȣҪǶԸǸװӣûãҲͱȱ˭ӣŭһҪӵ̬ȣҪװү
ЩǷѳÿ˵һ棬Ҫòͬİ취ǣҺɽ߶˶ʮӣһһǻǾþõĲ֡
꣬Ҳ֮Ϊ꣬Ҫ˵ػҲ֮Ϊʶ꣬Ҳ˵ʶ˻ƿ˵
ܿģػˣػ겢֮ǰɺɺһɫСĹţֱӷɽ棬ػյõɵġ
ֻʣһˣʲôأϲŭ壬еŭ壬Ѿˣʣϲϣϲɣôɶ⡣
òƾϲ˿ĹЦڵػԺ󲻾ãǵͳһɺɺ
ɺɺ֮ǰЩһɽ߻ʲôǿھͳɽ˵ԼһǸҡ
ɺɺ֣ԣԺͺˡɽ¶һϵ΢ЦҸоһﲻȥԱˣݼȷʵ˵á
ȥҿ϶ȥġɺɺŭǡҡһֱϲռݣҸûκγͷĻᣬҪԼҪԼһˡ
ɺɺĶ˵һЦĳ嶯ɺɺǿɰĿ£궼ôɰĸ˻ֵĽҪ˵ģڵĶ˱϶һĳҪô֣һ־Ҫˣ֮£ɺɺ̫˼ˡ
ˣ쵽ɽɫҲ֮ǰ۹ģԸ겻һζķǲᱻĸıģҪӲʩС
ŵȥɺɺһ䣬Ȼͳɽһȭȥɽæһ±ɺɺˣԼϵŪɺɺ
ʱɺɺıͻȻͳֻλ꣬ĿǺɺɺܲơ


048 è
ڣˣСĵĿֻĻֻ꣬Ļ嶼ȱȫǳһͻȻǰ쿴ţ⸽ȷһײˣĸˣĸ˾͵ҽԺŶģֻλˡ
λ겢ǹ»Ұ֮֮ڲ֮Ϊλ꣬ãĵƯͷߵʱŻصԼʬǰ߷ĹǰԼһ棬ȻͶ̥ת
֮˵ĻλʶԳֵķԼϲŭ֣⼸ֻλƯĳЩصĵطǻὥɶ
Ȼǰ˾֮ˣҵСĵҵǰľ̳ɵذף֮ǰɱʬǰذס
ЩֻλһҲ˵ɺɺȥĽɺɺԸҪɺɺһûйҺɽӡ
ɽֻĻҲǱһĸ˱Ƚǹ֮ǰɺɺΪԼŮڳֵ⼸ⲻƣֲ
ֳȰ˵ɺɺԸֻλꡣذ׾ƿɺɺ嵽ֻλǰסǳɺɺ·
ֻλ꿴Ժֻ˹ֻƿȥץɺɺ
ֽӡȻȵ뷣
־ֻһ֣ˣа˼ҲǼ˼ֻҪӦ־а
Ȼֻλԭצĳұ꣬ķһָƺʲôײһֻײõ˻ȥ˵Ϸ
Ҳûгʤ׷ЩλֻйԼɺɺѣﲻʱֻҪȥľذٸǼ£ҲͻɢҲûôǲңǲģ˼Ѿٸ˴ûɢеûˡ
תͷһͼˣʮ·ڿտ˵Ҫ̳̳ôҪܽȥҼҵһ㣬ȥֻλһץɺɺ֣һץֻ֣ɺɺҽԺһ̳ȥ
һͼˣȾ׷λܵò죬Ҿ׷ȥһץסɺɺ·λꡣ
Ȼʹһֻλ˻һؿϣ߷˳ȥֻλ걻ҴɳȥԺתˣҲҲһֻһͬ³ȻҲɺɺˣɿɺɺ֣ת
ҿˣһ㶣Ҳ̫С˰ɣҲɽҲϽܵɺɺǰɥɺɺĶǺҲղֻĻͻȻŵˣ㶵ģǶе㲻ӣȻɵľյ⼸ֻǡ
Ȼ֣ºһ룬ʵҪ⼸ֻܲˣλ걾ڸԼɺɺΪʣΪ壬ЩǰӦöСȻʼǿһ̰
պɺɺĶԺɽǰᦣȻ󳪵ɺɺߡߵġߵǡ߻ؼ߻䡭
ɽıˣΪ˰ڵһǣȻһѾȻлܵΣա
һ·£Ҹɽ󣬻ţʮ·ߵɺɺĲУһ·ͱ˲óţ·ߵһЩڷ仹˾죬ǳš
Ҹɽ¥лǲݵģ¥ܺڣܼžɽЩ⣬͸ĿֲƬһ
顣ͻȻԭžһƬĺڰдһèУһèнеúܾ㤣úëˣ̧ͷһɺɺĲ¥Ѿ¥¥¥мˣʱ¥¥һνϾȻһֻè
ɽһֻèҲǻһΪķԸŲͣһߡ
ֻè˫۷ɫ˵ĹâèرаŵһֶҶ˵èоɣʵǹʱһЩ˾èϲ˵ǣһѻװһЩèҲжĻж˸оһèоϳ˺èè˹ײϣͱԼЩŪʬʬִ˵еթʬ
èӹʱͱΪһּ䲻֮ִĺܶȴɱһ
ʱȻôһֻèΪʲôɽǲͣģֻӲͷƤɽĽŸֻ̤èɵǸݵʱͻȻèһ̧ͷֱĿᦣ񿴵ʲôóԵʳһҰã뵽èϲʳǵĴ˵ȵֳͷһֱǰߣ
ھɽèĶŪͷ˻ͣĽŲɽôҲǹ־ֳʻǱȽϹصģҲǰߡ
ϻ꣬ƵһЩֽǮһԭһֱᦵĺèͻȻתͷֻĵңһа⡣


049 è
˵úã˫У˵ĻԣһһģЪ̵ġ
ѾֻèӦѾɾˣȻһèĻôаŰҾĿֻèֻè顯һȻһţȻҵ˹ֽľذףϾʹ˹ȥƮģ˭ҲŲ˭һСè˹ӾЧ治զء
Ȼֻ֪èɾˣһֻèҲûɶµģľذ״̵èϵʱͻȻֻèȻԭʧˣұߵļһۣתͷһֻè֪ʲôʱѾҼˣſҧҼϣʹǿ⣬Ҫ˺һһ
һץסֻèĲӣȻʹʹһ͸ҵҼҲһۣھֱȺһ٣ֺֻʬģ˿ڸպһЩˣһڣҼһ˶ʼʹ
ҲҴ⣬ֻèĲʹľͳ¥ݺݵȥȻ̧ȳһŲȥȴֲȿˣϾȻһֻèȻʧˣղľذ״̿ɻˣһҲˣӦþǴ˵еĻˡ
èȻҲСĵҿ¥ģоǿһӣ˴ʮӣһ㶣뵽֮ǰֻèᦵ񣬰Լһè̫ƻˣǵɽ
뵽ͳɺɺķͿ˹ȥƿԺһֻèȻɺɺĴͷҲѾɺɺĴͷˡ
ʱֻèݺݵĿһۣתͷӴֱӾԾˣһɽɵ㶵ڴߵϣڴڵĴأǰһʣԭղǧһèʱɽɺɺĴͷףлǲܵģʱãɽʹȥһӰᦲ˴ͷҲ֪ΪʲôֻèᦲԺȻҲͣסˣڴͷݺݵĿҺɽһۺߡ
ֵʮӣȷֻèѾߺһ񾭲ŷۼ˯Ϯҵڲϣ۾һվ˯ˡ
ѹѾǵڶˣѹʱ͸оʹҾڴϣɴرҼ磬Ǳèҧĵط۵ĺܡ
Ժһ壬Ȼ۵ĺܣж´ţһ̵ҵ۾ұ۾ӦһΧŷ֣⾹ȻҲһ䲡ҾɺɺԱߣҴŲߵɺɺķ䣬ƿţĻǺܰôסģɺɺոջܱ̫꣬ҵ䡣
ʱҲɺɺڴϣߵߵ£ŴŵɺɺɫȻܲ԰ף͵ʱһοʱࡣ
ڸʲô
Ҹ²ãͻȻұʹһŭתͷһȻɺɺǸѣҶҶﱧһõ廨һװ
һŭĿ˵ôģɺɺô£ҽΪʲôÿκһк·˵ҶһȭҵϴһҲҽ͵Ļᡣ
Ҫƽʱܶ㿪ģҶҲ̩УҪûҲܺƽ֣ܵ˿ɲᣬͶ㲻һ¾ͱ˵ϣҸվͻȻһųҶҶӱߵþ
ԭˣһȣҽסҵĶӣڵҧгݣ۵Ҷͷĺˮˡ
Ҷһ龰ٿҴŲҲеˣ˵СӱΪװɻȥȻô˵Ҳûжֵ˼ˡ
ҶڸʲôͻȻɽһʹ˽ڵһĻҲǴҶתͷɽˣ¶Ц˵壬Сɺɺҽѵһ£ںװƭǮһ
治ɺɺɽҶ֣ڸʲôҳȥ˭㶯ֵģ
壬ϴβ˵СҪúýѵһôҶ￴Ӻ޹ɽǰҹȥ
ԭɽҶﵣģһ˶֮ҲţԾû飬ҶźĿһۣתͷ߳˲
ɽ߹ң˵С³ç˵㣬Ҳƽϡ
û¡ҡҡͷʲôʱǼһƽϰǼһǮƣҪǺŪСҲŪⲻʵҺҲʲô
ҸѧУһܵļ٣ﰲ˾ͺˡɽַԸ˼䣬ת뿪ҲһϢ


050 һ
һӹú̹Ϊ䲡һӵҩˮζܺãҲĻöˡ
Ȼ˲ܳȥ⣬ѾʮˣҶҵһڲһŻָ΢һ㣬Ȼǲ׵´
ˣɺɺҲסԺĵѹˣѹԺǻл㱵ģŻָʶһ˵̲ʱͿ󺺳ܹȻһɫֽıһ棬ʧȥ֪ѹָʶʱҽԺˡ
ɽҲ͸ܵ飬˵ˣȻ󾯷ҵİƷ˴ͽûиڹⷽ飬İɡ
ҽԺ⼸ҹҲУҲ̩СҽԺһΡ
һܵʱúܿ죬ܿǵڶܵˣҪѧˡ
ҵʱԼһ³ԺȻת߻ɺɺķһ£߽ɺɺķ䣬ɺɺɫѾÿ˲٣˺ܶ࣬ҽȥʱڿӾأҽ¶΢Ц˵Ը磬ˣ
Цһ£ʱɽ˵Ҿɺɺʱʹͽƴһϵ˶ģɺɺ˵м
ɶԸ簡ôɶЦʣö˰ɡ
ţҽ˵ް¾ͿԳԺˡɺɺ˵ͷ
ʣǸҶڹϵôô
ɺɺ˵ͷЦ˵ңôˣԴˣ
ȥѾͷƬӣҳɶװҪǽǲǷַӵôҰ뿪Ц˵ͷǸСӸҵһȭͷһء
׻˵ӱʮ겻С˱絽ҿ϶㲻ǾӣΪ˿̬Сˣһ޵
ȻɺɺӶҲûɶ˼ֻǰҵһѣܰҶ𿪣ҶҲһӣҲˬ١
УڸҿɺɺЦŵ
ֻҪͷӵúãûǽڲҿ˿ֻ˵ˣʱҲˣԼúϢȻѧУˣѧУͿŵģû¼Ҵ绰ǡ
˵˵ݰݾת뿪ˣҵʱҲһɫTһɫţп㣬߳ҽԺʱ򣬻ҽԺס̫õԵʰɣĳˮȻһؼյĸо
ϹѧУķȥ
һˡ
һ߿ҵĴţڴ˯أСһ߱һʳԣһ͵Ƭ̨̩Ū˸ɳȻȫȭҲһҲûӰ쵽ǵһһĶûС
ιһˣܵСԱߴСŤͷһңŶһ˵ҡ
ҵͷһ湻ģһ￴ŵƬ־Ȼڿߣֻһʳڳԡ
ԲۣҪҪôģģŮҰһڳʳ̲סӵСŤͷһ˵㶮ʲôýߣˣȻܲˡ
ǰҸŮѡ
һû˵С־ͼ˵ܲˣְҿˣ׷ҪAP
˿һӡŤͷú˵ˣߵ紲ߣĸ̣´ĴǷģ˯ġ
紲ҡҡ˵磬һˡ
Ժ۾һ˵СӵŮҸ㻹У챻˰ɡ
ɶɶСһ£ҡҡͷ۾ֵ۾һ˵˼ϴˣͬѧߴ˰ɡ

һﲻ֪ߣ˼ͨŪھˣҲô̩ˣСֺ綼ӣ̩һҪȭ군ˣڴ۾ҲĿ
ӣС֣Ͻ𴲣ߣ
ҾȻ֪ľ˯ˣҶ߻һİ۾һȻǸС۾ͷģɫĶ̿㣬żɫTܵĺ
𴲣۾һ⣬쾹Ȼˣ˸Ƿ۾ʣ˭
˭۾ֵĿңʱҲˣ˵СԣǶһ磬ǴѧǰӢʶģҾĳ»ԣСԡ
磬á´һһ֣վ͸оһĸоͷһ˵Ҫ⣬ûϴˣߣˡ
ˣȻȥ׼һ£ȳȥԵ㶫Ȼ·ŮҾˣAPѹһС˸Ƿһ̸Ӣ˾Īļ


051 Ĵ
һ˳ȥ˸ӳ˵㷹ˣȻ͵ɿʼ
ҷֶһң˵Ŀӣ˵˵СѧҲҪеȼĻһ꼶һҪһ㣬꼶
ϷĹҾͲ˵ˣһǱӵһͿ20ͶȽϸģһͷֵܼʮͷ񣬼һһʮͶʮӾͱӮˡ
ᰡ죬ģϷڿϴ˯Ϊ˯¾巣
İɣĶһᣬҪ˵ϷһܺܿĶ治ǴģʶҺͶһϵѾ˺ܶ࣬Ͳݰˣ̩ʶһŰݰӣҲͲ̫ˡ
ʱҲȽϤˣһԺʣ磬ȥ治
ëŻˣ㲻֪𣿡һӵ˵
ҡͷʣëģϷһ㡣
ȭôȭ磿̩ⷽȽϸȤæʡ
гʦ𣿡СҲܹ
ȭⷽź治١һ˵ͷ¶Ц˵ҲҪˣʱԺúÿѧˡ
ᴫЦһľګЦľګЦ̩Ȼ̩Ҫ׷ȣҲһֱûжǿŮҲ쳣ĵһȻǲԹ⡣
Ȼһô˵ˣҲͶȥϷ뷨ˣȻѧÿȥëɰ
綫ܵ紲ϣ˱ڴ̸ôѧˣҲԺ˯ˡ
ڣͿʼˣѧУһ·ϣܶŶˡ
һЩžŪ˸ˣСһľһӣر࣬ҲѧУһοѧУôˡ
ҲԣǰᣬϿξֱӳ嵽Ҿ͵ͷ˯ҲûкúùѧУܶطҶûȥ
СԣС椣ȰӴιԺ޲ԼûԼ۾˫ɫԵĶġ
һ˿Ů뿴ҲڵģͲЩŮؿˡ
衢ӣ㣬ŵ㣬ŵˡһȻƤ񣬵ҲǸо涪
Χ̫ˣӰ˵ģȻУŮ٣ҲеģҺ֣϶òЩŵѧûڲٵģֱСһţѧãĸģţ߰ѧá
ĳȱȽǣΧ͸ϼһܿǾײ˺˼ͽϲƣϲȵĸС椣ĸС椶һţгȹϼ崩һɫTرˣһһ
ϣӣСԣҲﰡ˼һҺʹҵؿһ£һһֵĿ˵ǾȻʶһĴ𻨣̵ģ˵
Ȼϻ˸һ˿΢Цź˼գգ۾˹˹ĵ˵˼ͬѧãǴģѧܸʶ㣬пҳɼܲģԸ㸨һ¹Ρ
ҿһģͷθˣ̵ģٽŴһû¾ȥϷƳ˷ıȫˣ˼Σﰵıһ
С˼Ʋһۣһڱ˵һȺ֣һһͲɶ⣬ÿÿ˼ƿһʹֵǰˣϲƺϲȵȳЦһ£ҲǸй
һһ˼ԶǼģͲˣ˵ζŮĸо̫ˣǾȻʶĴ𻨣㾹Ȼ˵
ɶɶĴ𻨰Ӿ㡣ڳһѵ
ǲ֪һֵĿǣȻ
ԭ˼ĸСھУسƯһأϸһеȥϲȵҪϲȵ̸˼ͲˣеĽҸſʮүǣһս
Ҫ֪⾯УеĿɲѧУƿӣǾѵԼɢѵţЩеľ˵Ǵģѵһˣһͬ꼶ͨѧ򲻹ǣһС椸ſˡ
˼Ƣ𱬣ֶκһòû˿ҪŮİ֪Ϊʲôڵ˾ǷϲŮģ˵ĹζЩȵŮĺöˣϽϲľİ׸Ⱥϲȵ˾͸һţĴ𻨣Ҳог


052 ŵ
ﰵıһЩеؿζòҰŮҲȷͦġ
һź˼뿪ķδһۣȻŴǼйҲѡš
̩ļһȭţȻ̩ȭòѧУȭŴһЩ
Сһʳ磬涼һȺٽŴ壬оҶܲΪʲôУţʳĺҲˡ
ǵĺģ㻹Ϊûǿ׳ǣݲӶǳô㻹ΪѧѧöжôǰɣʳѧѧôСĸΡ
ò˵˵ĻˣԭҶӵģ룬ˣ̩С־͸ȥŵĳˡ
ʣҺ磬һй䣬ȻҵһţӰ硣
ĿǳΪһϣӰ˵ᾭѧԺԼѧԺһЩŮģأԥļˡ
ҲҵʺϵţŵĽӴԱ뿪ԺҾǳˣҲ֪ʲôⰡʲôʳȭӰҶȤ󣬺ֹһȦûҵ
һҵӾʣСԣ㵽ɶⶼһȦˣ㶼û۵ġ
ҪӵĿ϶ģ˧ģŮһ㣬˧һšҿ϶˵
һվԭ˼һᣬͻȻһԴ˵ҵ֪һţǸ˲̫࣬ҹֹ֣ҪҪȥ
ģŤͷʵ
ŶһʹһƫƧӣʮ׳ģһָӵľͷ˵һֱǰ߾ܿǸˣǲϲˣԼȥɣҲȥҵŽһЩѧˡ
Сҵ˵ͷһֱǰߣ߹ӣ澹ȻһƬ֣м仹иСľݡ
һϲӦòΪźòÿؾ֪طһͲ
ߵľſڿ˿ΧҲû˵ʲôţţʣڼŵġ
ܿ죬һʮĴţĺӣﻹỴ̈һ˵ŵģ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ѽġ
Уɡӵ˵˵ͷת߽ӣҲŽȥˣ澹Ȼõøһҿһм仹塣
ǸߵɳԺָɳ˵ɡ
ҵ˵ͷԺ󣬿˿ΧĲãֵʵһʲôţ
ǸеЦһ£ɭĿңС˵ǣץ硣
᣿һеĿҺŵһĵ˵ͷ˵йô
ܸǰź͹һô˳˵ⶫǷ⽨ŰɣӦĴڰɡ
ͷ̣ʶҲ̡ǸеòƳҵģ˵ҪҪأҿԴŶ
ãðɡҵ˵ͷҲ˵ȤоרҵԿˣǲ֪ǰ˵ж
ǩ֣ܼȫһץ壬SBYGˡе˵óһźͬһĶǩһ޷Ǿ˵ʲôԺ˳Ҫ糤Ĺ涨֮ĻҲûǩˡ
ʣSBYGΪоֵֹֹġ
SBYGǳȥõ֣ȥܲ˵ĳĳѧУѧɡǸеĿǩԺ˵ͷ˵ߵͿʼĻӭʽҲ˳㳤ʶ
ҵ˵ͷ
Ҿûµĺе죬Ҳ֪еĽŵ־ͽŵҲصذ֤ҿһ¡
ҷоֵˡҲֱӽŵ§ҵļ򣬸˵Сӣ꿪ʼץʮʬڶʮꡭ
ȵȣ壬ʮꡣҿŵ㵵ʣʮ꣬ʮģһ˵ʮ˵ģŵó֤һðɣȻǶʮꡣ
ҽ˺зо˻Ȼϲţƣʱúܿ͵ߵ㣬ϸŶӭĻŵʱ˾˵ˣڸȥѧУĹݿ֪ôԭڣ÷йӡǸѧУûֹŲŷֵôһõط
ֻľګĵ˵ͷҲһﵽжŵʹѧУߵһȥ


053 
ⶰ߰ʮĽˣ¥õģǽϻ˲ٵ̦ϵģӿҲɭ
ŵҲҽһӣԭڽУǰеģУʱҪӣȴֳ˲ٹ£û˸ҶӣһֱˣطҲͽѧ¥¥úԶм仹һյأյصӲݣƽʱû
ʱѾҹߵˣҲˣȷеɭĸоվڱȴûоκε
ŵָ˵¥һҷһۣȥҳǺϸˣҲʽӣ㲻ҵĻھͿ˳ˡ
Цһ£ﲻҵģһ˿ûУҲһ㣬ŵҪҵĵ
СߵǰƿȴţľŴ˿֨֨ģһһŷ͵ıһ㣬ȥһãȻһת¥ݣΧļҾ߶ƾɾɵġ
ֵҸսȥ͸оһɺ⣬䣬̲ס˸Ӳô죬ͷһѵй
ﾯˣҪŵ˵ܶǺΣգֵȴûһ˿
һĹԼǹѾŻʧһЩĹ֣Ҳʲô
ҡҡͷҲûãСĵǰߣΣŵأСĵ¥ȥŲⰲı쳣쳹
ͻȻһŲתͷһȴʲôûС
ǺǺǡ
¥ķҲͻȻһŮ˵ĿҴ𣺡ʲôزصġ
˵ҵҲѾͷˣֻҪ⣬ҧ⣬ѪͻȻҵǰȻһŹŴٷıĽʬֻʬıľͳҹˡ
԰طй˵ùȥôнʬʱҲɲҶ룬һҧͷһѪζͷȵֻʬǰʱҳȥȻȥ˫־ͳ۾ȥ
ѪµֻʬϾȻûЧһֻʬֻһ£ֳ۾ȥȻתҪܡ
Ȼ֣һ§סĲӣѵһˤϥһӾͶסĲӣȻ̧־ͳ۾ȥ
ҪҪˣϴ󡣡ͻȻʬȻ˵һ㶣ŷ⽩ʬȻˣֻڽҲܱô̵
ŵȻ˽µŸˣ㵹Ǳŵˡ
ŵһҰ⡮ʬ̵ҲǾҲɵƣһӾôˣŵ˵ң
ȿȣⲻǸôŵ˵ܵұϷʬ˵Ҹһ£Ǹ糤ʣҲSBYG֯ĺĳԱ֮һ
ʳûȽ㣬ϻɫŨױͦ˵ġ
Ŷεʼ磬ѹ˲࣬ҪǸͨ˹ƵñŸŵʣ¥ǲǻһŮģҲɣҲ湻ĵġ
ʲʲôŮģž˰ֵʣ̧ͷŶ¥һһŰ·ŮŮӾȻվڶ¥¥ϣ˫ֱĿء
ָǸŮʣǵĳԱ𣿡
ûû˰ԣӣȻһΣҲװŪǰɡŵɫ΢ף˵ķȥûпʲôһ
ͷһһǸŮԱ߾Ȼ¶һɵرŨ⣬һˡ
ŮӦֻڹ»ĵȼҿŮһʱûйǵ˼Ҿ͸Цһ˵Ȼ㷢ˣûŵ㣬Ȼ˵Ҳ֪ˣŵƾǸϲţƵ찮ߣʲô
ŵʵ־ߣﻹ˵ߣȻҸռŻǵǳԷԺչңһѧץǡ
ӦõģӦõġŵЦеĵ˵ͷҲѸղ˵ĻһɶҾ˳ȥҲû˼ֻֻй磬˼һôˡ
߻˶У԰˿߳ѧУ˸ݣһ˵㷹ˣ˵ƣŵһԺҲܸˡ
ԭץԺҲʼˣˣһֱû˼ӣ³Աˡ


054 а
˺Ⱦƺȵúܿ죬Ϊ˶զܺȣžŵŵ˾ҡͷ뿪˷ѧУ
¸Ǯ˿ǮҡҡͷǮˣȻԾҵǮҲһ򣬾ǵʱɺɺҽҩѣҲܲ˼ǸѾͷǮɣʣµǮҲһֱ᲻á
ҡҡͷȥǸŮҲùˣտʼôôάƽأһ룬ֲһëǮȥųֺõ顣
һصҵʱҲûˣǶȥμŻˣ˳ž£˯ͻȻʹ
ŤͷһûȻǺ˼˼ʱһɫĳţȹһɫTҾʹ𣺡㣬Ұˣզܽģ
УСֵĸʲôѧУֻ涨ܽŮңûй涨ŮĲҰ˼һ˵ֻƽʱûŮϡѡ
𣿡Ҳ̫˵ͷ˼Ҵʣôˣнû
ûƽʱûɶҡҡͷƽʱϷȥˣҲѻһˣֻżῴһŸҵǱС飬ǱСϳ˷⻹һЩֽܣ֮ǰ˵ЩʵǴǱ￴ġ
ҿ˼滹û˵ҾʣûͻȻɶ
ϲ׽ȥһˣˣҹ֪ͨһ£û׼ʱҧͷһȻãͷɽסҧġ
˼˵ԺʣУôйɡùζ
һ£ùζڻ˼һײԺ϶ٻմһһȻĳˣܿҲָоνֱȻͻ˵ùζ
ҾͰҼһץţȻϵĻ鶼˺˼˼Ժ˼ĵ˵ͷ˵û뵽ѧУôһ˼ĵطⲢǸŵŶ
һ˵ѧУôŰأҵ˵иƽץ֣ʵǸץṩ˲Ҳ˵Ļ˵ҲпֻһȺһ档
˼˵žͶһֽ˳ֽӹͷһȻһŷĻ滭Ҳʲô䣬ǿܸӣ˵˵ˣ֮ǰЩ̫СˣаҴӱҪģҲ̫Լĥɣŷǣ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣סˣˣͻųɡ
ͷһϲԭЩ΢΢ⶼѹˣʵܾûԭҲΪЩ̫ͼˣʲôдԷһУҲܵȼɷ»궼ղһЩŰӵķ䶼ûɶá
ллˡҳź˼Ц˼˵ϣСôͻȻأˣ˵ϻˣþɣݰˡ˵꺮˼Ťƨ߳ҡ
ҿֽĻ滭ܵҵĹϷһ£ҳҵһСС͸ϵĿ࣬ëʣɰлֽȵȣЩҶܾûˣҵĿߵ̨̨֮һţҲˡ
Ҫ˾۾УΧҲŻųɾŵ˶棬ҲܰĻˡ
ѻƷëʣɰڹѪͯ˳Ȼ£̩̻Ҹȥˮϴһ£װڹѪȣȰѺڹѪɰͯһȥëʽȺ
ӰһȻ㣬ͻȻ뵽ǰ񻹴ӦҪģһֱˣæװ˳µԭҲûз
ԱߣȼԱߣȻëʾź˼ֽķˡ
ʵÿһ˾Ի׾ԶΪʵǺܽģջһŷʱһ˿һǲܳģҪǻϳ˲ŷͻˣǰҴе˻ҪһСʱ
ʱһţˣһզأСʱⶼʮˣһŷһţ˶ʮˣûһųƷǶٵһЩϸСȱݣһЩȻ˻߶֮ġ
賿㣬ˣҶûлһųƷǺ̩СһģԺģ˻ԺҲûңԼϴԼŵѧôô֮ġ


055 
һĽܲĽôžٽŴ壬붼ᣬ˵˵Ǳ
ǴţԺŷҵĴڣһҼɶţҸЦһ˵һ֯Ȼұ㲻˵ˡ
ҲǺԺȻ˯ˣҲûж˵ôöûлаҪ˵ͷƣǻ治ܣƹƣǵ˯ģһӵƣγľ˯ˡ
ڶ˵磬̩СǾˣȥϷأҳҡͷ˵Ҫ˯ᣬǻ˵ȺڷȥϷڷܣҵ
ҡҡͷսǲ̫Ⱥһ̫ˡ
ߺǿס˯⣬ʹȻ·´а
Ҫ˵Ŭлر仰˵û㲻ɣӣϰ˵㵽һֱ˽߸СʱģʮСʱˣڻϽһٶŷϷﻭа
ҶǵãʱҰӡ¸ȥŶаͷ˵ĻɫâҲû˵Ҳ۵ͷ͵ġ
緹ûأҡҡͷⲢжڷܵԭ򣬶ǻ뵽һ״̬
С˵ʲôʲô磬ǳʵͺñһʱ䣬ԼԺһʱ䣬Ż˵ۣȥôˡ
ܶӦöľһЩѧĻʱţоʮӵĿһӾ͹ȥˡ
ҵʱһ֮ҲжӵĶУһԺԭ뻭ŵģһֱѹ̫󣬵ͷ˯ˣѹʱ賿㣬춼ˣһ¾˯ʮСʱԭ˯ᣬȻ첻ô
ȥ˯ţȻŻֽɰȶܵ£ԭһΪһаԺɹʾͻߺܶأֱ賿룬һСʱ֮Ҳֻһŷ
һʱ䣬ˣ춼΢΢ˣҲûмˣ򿪲ţߵ̨һװ廹أæȥ壬Լһ䣬̫СˣҪ̩С⿴Ľ⿪ӷųĻųͲ̫ˡ
ȻҾԼ߻ԼϣڲĴȣĿû뵽һ˯ˣǾŵ˯ѣǺ˼ҽѵġ
SBϽˡ˼Ҵ˼£ҲԺ۾̩ź˼ԺæñӵסԼ°ʱ죬λͬ׵İɣ˯˭ᴩ·Ӱڿ㶼㲻ģɶĶȽǴڿġ
㣬ģȥҲɡҴ˸ǷоԼòȫˡҲֻãøűӣҲȺ˼𻰣Ҿͳź˼˵ȳȥ°ɣһ·
У˭ûǶһӿ㣬¥µǣʮûˡ˵꺮˼߳⣬Ҳæһţп㣬Ȼ磬ԭԸأһ˵ϲϵҲ;ˣ֪ϲһѵģϲϵһѵġ
Ͻϴһ£̩Сִ˸кҲܴ˵ʲô˼ͽϲҸǳȥԼء
̩СҲϰϲţˣҲЦЦȻȥӰļܰѧһҪļ֮ġ
¥ʱ˼Ѿˣнϲƣ˼Ǵȹװ࣬ǽϲƴһɫ˶ǰһһɫıأݡ
Ůô͹ȥԼᰡ˵Լʱ˲٣ʱв˳ȥ緹أԭŮľſڵȺ򣬻Ϊٵʲô˧ء
һǰӶһֻģر˵Լ֣Χ͸SBһϲһЦ˵ǰ
ϲһ˵Χе۷׷ˣ޷Ǿ˵ôôôô㣬û֮ģ˼ü˿ΧܷЩһʹ𣺡ûԼᰡܳҹӣߡ
˼ŽϲƾϳˣҰһۣϲҫ
ϲǰ濪ȻŤͷЦ˵ӣҸղſǸ׬ˣҪôлң
ҪȻίôʵ˼һ˵Уί㣬ޣˣǷҸ»ˡ
ɶһ¿ź˼ʣģ
ҪȻءһ˵Ҫָܲҹȥô
Ҳԡҵ˵ͷҪⶫһ治ôǺ˼Ļһĸоо϶ţƣʱҲġ
ɵˣǡʦǸ˵ҸġЦ˵


056 ޽ⰸ
ʦͻȻҵǸʦòưʦԺ涼û
˵ͷʹӰóһ飬˹ҽӹһһС飬ܱҲҳЩãҷһһҳа
⡶ôҿ˿ŷ䣬ֱǴ޽Ʒ򼱴̳ȿնɷħɷ̫Ͼ
˼ڸʻϣתͷ˵֮ǰǸ԰ĻǴѧˣ⡶е׷ؽԱа޽Ʒ򼱴̳սȿնɷħɷ̫Ͼɷаˣ
Ǻˡ۾˵Һòײȥʦ˵ҪģҪ׼ôлҡ
֣ϼһҵͽˣɶûңұҸлƨʦͽⲻ쾭ôһ䣬Ȼ˳־ͰⱾˣýֺͷҲ֪Ǻö
ϲƿ˵ЩҲȫҲûп˵ԼʮʱǵԵһˣıһ԰ռع㣬һסĶĸȨƣͣڱϵЩӣǱۣһЩܳϲɶӵģſ϶Ҳˡ
ϲƿųǾһſڣߣܴ󣬽վڱſһһ³ˣЦе˹
СԣС裬Ƚᡣһ§ҺļߣһҵʱҲоͦ˷ܵģôҲǸǰĳĳгӼĳĳѧѧжӯš
ʱо϶ǳһ룬ҪгӼңҹҲüװģȿȡ
ǸŽ߽ռ伫󣬲ʵҲͦյģҾ߲࣬һ¥мһɳͲһӻҲûɶˡ
ָɳԺ󣬽ŤͷŽϲ˵ѾͷССݱ衣
šϲƵ˵ͷͺȥˮһ忴ϲ뿪ԺЦһ¾˵λ˼ιֵ鷳һˡ
æҡͷ˵壬̫ˣ˵˵ʲôɡʱô˵ҲǽҴǾȳģҪûҹƻðüĴ
һǵôͷ˵𡣡̾˿͸˵
ʼԭһǰзСŮɱɱİʼģʱ̫ˣȻ¼ܵñȽɢǼӰ̫ˡ
ڸѹ͵ɶ¼СԱ飬ǣ鲢ǶΪԭΪǶɵġ
ŵõۣȻһΪ̵аһʵ顣
̳ǰݽ˵ǰйаΪ׽̵̺Ĵа̣һȺ˰̸𿩣̾ɵ
һʼûйа̣ȴ֪ΪʲôƵϮٷ죬ƽȻûй⼸Ϊ˾ٶˣҰаɱһЩԺ󻹻СҲǺˡ
ǸԳ֮ǰǽ֣ܵýأȥ̣һȥĸǰֳڳаɱһ˺ŮС
һ߿ȫ嵱ʱ֪һˣȻ͵׽ȴһֱûн
žˣ󰵰࣬û뵽ǰôݶɱٶҵĸ찡òҵ뱨Ķˣǰ̣һǰԳĸǰųɱ˵ģ黹ġ
û뵽Գ˰̣ͷΪֻ뱨𣬱Ժڹ²ŷߵģ֪ʱͲ÷뿪ġҡͷ̾
Ҳʵ壬νǲа̵Ϣ˻ôģ
ţҲȷǲǰΪȷǳ޽ⰸ˵žʹİóƬݹ˵һǰǿ
ҺӹƬһһһŮʣʲôô
ǿʲôģǵĺȫ𻵵ˣңǵȫˡ˵žҡҡͷ˵ûѧ飬Ӧöɡ
˵ŽóһյX⣬ҺӹһȷٺأҲʲôãǺ˼һ۾˵Լſ죬ȻִӺԼĶͳԼࡣ


057 ά
СǼʬȻʱе㲻ţʬߵĺ滹ֱ۵ë
˵ͷ˵ѾѰķΧˣҪ봦ص¼СԮˣ߾ץˣһֱԮˣг˼ˣպʶǣгͰ齻ҴȻҾˡ
ô˼ŤͷҺʣɫ˵ҿĳЩıɱΣȻߵĺ棬Ȼڳ࣬ܶʵɱ˷ϲֱ̬ɱ˵ķɡ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̫ܣŵøɢȻڳ˵Ҳ˵
˼Цһ£Һ͸һ˵֮ǰȻ˵ߺëǿ϶ǾDNAᶨģҪǱ˵ë𣿶ûû˵ģ㿴DNAʱңҲԶҪҲµûӦòʲôֱӹϵɣ
ԡ忴ź˼˵ȷûκιϵһϰˣһģȦҲû˿漰
ǾͶˣг𱨳ԹԹûôɱˣųɱ˵ĿԣɱҲ̫ܣΨһܵľɱˡ˼˵ԺͿ˵Ǹɺɺεʱǳһèô
˵èûԻסЩˣȻԼڳԼèԵɲͳô˼Це˵
Ҳһ˵Ĳһɵأƾʲôèء
˼һ˵Ҫôȥ
ǽ忴ź˼Це˵С˵ͷͷǵҵǸоеôСа취è𣿡
ҿҲأ˼ҡҡͷ硣
Ҳҡͷ˵ֲɣ֪Ǹèèĸè֪֪ǸèֲǺè
üͷһǳʣèҪôأҪС˵ģƾɱˣ޵ˣûܴˣ
Ҳ˵ͷҲͻȻ˵ȷǵõʱǸèʱûӰҵĹ򲻵
˼ָƬϵ˵ǾͲõˣ߿϶䲻⣬ҪɱһججģèȻҲо޵ģЩõûһЧЩԺ籯۵ȴõĳ棬ȻèҲɱˣΪ˷ɱ
̵ģ⻹ҡҡͷоڰ룬òͨ˾ͼ˺ҹǻججġ
ͻȻСʱ辭˵ٲ˯㣬ʱоЦЦ͹ˣ˯־ܳôɶЦأһҸоСʱ̫֪ˣûİ
ɽ壬ҪʲôطֳèɱˣϸǴ绰Ҫè뿪û֮ǰǻƾҵֻèһᣬֻ취ˡ
Ҳеʧĵ˵ͷ˵ܶԸֻ־ͺã治֪զ£аôࡣ
廹ҳԷǽϲĲˣͦóԵģڼҲû̸Щ飬̸èҲǱܿϲ̸ģǽ˼½ϲƺ°ɡ
ȳ극ԺҲ磬ҲԼйһܵĿΣòײϢһء
뿪Ժ˼ͳ˵ӣèʲôطϽġ
ɶһ£ʣ˵㲻𣿡
ɵӵĿһ˵㲻èʲôطһ㲻ĸλȻ󿴿ʲôطؾʲôطҰ
ǸղŽ㣬˵㲻
Ҫ˶ΰҲʮİգ㣬ûȥǸèɶ
άвܳ˼Ʋһ
̫ر󣬻΢΢磬ǵңڹһſڵʱͺ˼ͻȻͣ˽Ų˲ԼͬģԴˢһ¾ͳǼɿ˹ȥ
Сԣ׼аèӦþˡ˼һЦʲôһȻͳŽϲ˵ϲƣſվűܣ֪
šϲҲ֪ǰﲻæģҲ˼ԶһЩ
ҲϽóͻõа˼˵ӣȥȥطûкţҪèӺ˾鷳ˡ
һǲ̫ΪҪèҲûɶô޹ʣҲͬĵ˵ͷ
ϲ˼˵ʹȥ


058 ץɹ
ź˼С椶ͷȥˣҺҲĶںˣҸź˼˽ȥȴûиŽȥɺˣΪһ˵ɶһš
ɽɣ¥һɣͦģͺ˼ߵſһٶ̨ɣװ޵õǺܲе̻Ի͵ĸо
ڸôңź˼ʣ˼Ťͷ˵㿴žˣȥֻèƳҪǴȥаˡ
ҵ˵ͷҲǺء
Ȼ˼ͽȥйɰҲܶ࣬˼ҲҲһһңҵûоʲôֵĸоǵ˵ʲôоеѹеưɡ
ģҾó̶ű߳˴ңͻȻʹһܴ󣬻ɶˣˣܶ඼ֵĶæվһһֻèſھͱܵʱһȳһյģһ
סèĺ滹һĺ˼˼һľڵġ
ͳаͿʼŷ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
ҸͻȻͻһоͺһʮ·һһҲûУаҲų˵ɫĹâ
ȻʱһҧŷֻèԴȥֻèȻ㣬֮ǰܵٶ̫죬ˣŷͽʵʵֻèĶͷϣڷֻè˲䣬ͻƹèͺʲôݻһһ˻ȥˤ˵ϡ
˼ҲæľֻèԴһӴȥһ죬ֻèҲǲˣڵϳ鴤
˼ֻèڵϲˣϽóһذףֻèĶӾͱһоҲ̵ֲģذ׿ҪֻèʱͻȻè͸еһһӾ͵תʹ˳ȥ˳ȥ
˼Цһ˵֪һװƻġȻ˼˵ȴûٸȥҸ˵ˣղаڻģ߽ɣ˸ӾˣɵҲҺ˼ѯ
ʵ͸оˣ㲻ЩˣһЩСèСôǸǸŮģ˵˼ʲôʲôģֻèһ
Һͺ˼Ҳ˴ʮ룬оºһ˾ͳ庮˼ʣ㣬ղô׷ء
׷ƨ㿴ʲô˼ָŸղèܵķһȥȻ磬ʱ粻֪ʲôطŪһɫı߹˵ͷȻȥ
æžͳȥˣ·Ҳѯ˺˼ô£ԭ˼ղŽȥ֮ȥҵ˺ţȻﲼһץ󷨣ҪǲʼŪһ󷨵èͶĻԴֻèץˡ
ǸɫıҲղ·ģԭΪץֻè
㣬Լȥ㲻㣬Լͺˣ´μǵ²ؼ߸߹𡣡
ǳԺͰѱݸ˺˼˼һ˵ҵ̣ϲƣߡ˵꺮˼Žϲƾ뿪ˡ
椻̫ˡ翴ź˼ıӰҡͷֵʣ˵ú˽һ
аɣϾʶôˣʵǰҲӡ翴ź˼ıӰ˵ͷ
ôģҶʱ翴Һ˵֪Σ»طֽ⡣
֡ŭ
ô˵ǵһץסһֻ֣Ȼͺ˼˵ֻèȼܵͣرͼһ֣˵ԻûΣ
Ҳǵõ˺ܴĹͣҲûжͣҲ˵ץģǻǾԱֻаЩȼͷϣԺҵ˾Ժټǹ
ҲľԼҲˣϵһЩȨǰæаȻҲǺˡ
èˣǱ͵ץȥˣץֵֻèԼģа̵Ĳ
ԭһΪܺúϢһʱģ⼸Ĺǰ뱲ӼҪ࣬˭Ҳϲ͹ִ򽻵˼è¼ĵҺ硣
ʱǰңͨأ׼ȥʱͻȻ˼͵ң˼һۺɫĵȹŮòС
һҾͳҺ˵ϱȥˣߣ
㣬ɶͷԭȥͨأ֪˼Сɶˡ


059 
Һһۣɶ취ҪǺ˼Ǹүǣ˭үĻؼľǸŮҾǼƷŮˣ룬ԭ׼ȥϷͻȻһŮŷۺɫĵȹȥȥ棬ѡʲô
Ȼ֪ź˼Ͳһк£Һʼԣں˼Ů̩СٽŴ΢һԱ£ҷǹϵѡź˼ȥ棬Ҳࡣ
㴩˼ɫTһţп㣬ҲһţпһɫTź˼ͳȥˣ¥ΧҲûɶˣҾʣ㣬ɶϵġ
˼תҺһ˵ǻܸɶԼ᲻ɣȻץˣ»㲻˵ѧУǸиŮôǾȥ
ǣ㣬ԩ޳ģž˰ȥɶе㲻׵ʡ
ȴסҵ˵ϰ˵ӵʱǸſڼǡ˵ҵ֣תߡ
Ҳое֣Ҿʣǰ磬ô°
ҳСţɫе࣬ҵѧУſڵһ̲ˣ̲ûжˣ̲裬Ҿʣô£
ҡҡͷ˵㻹Ǳײ˼ˣе߻ħĸоˣɱô˵أ˼ʵ֮ǰһ磬Ҳһа˲һš
˼ʵСǸ¶׾˵ҲʦǮӼʱȻƢǿ˻ᣬǺŮģʱͰˣĪͳ˰ãҲֻһ꣬˸鲻ǰμһа̵Ľ䲻˼һֱѰԼ׸磬Ϊ飬ܴӴԺ䣬˵ֵˣһϲˣرǶڹа̣ɱ
ҵ˵ͷ΢΢üʣǰôû˵
û¸˵ɶҺͺ˼ĹϵǰҲʶ˵Ͱ飬ϤѧУ˲ϤһġʼҲף˳ɣ
Ҳû˵·ϣ˵ҺǸûʲôɣҪϸλ˼һ£Ҫһ׵䲻һҲᾫܴġ
ϰ˵ӵʱң磬˼˾վǶˣҲǶֻʲôֻһֱͨλꡣΪصһһžȿնɷиЧȿնɷǳȹͶ̥һŷ䡣
ŷͬ䣬ҪȥлȰ˵ֻͶ̥л˻õֻʹļ䣬ʵǼ䲻ģΪԴƾնһЩĻһλãһ˾ͻֲԼ˭ˣɾһࡣ
Աȿնɷרȹֵķһ˵̸ɮߵʿԼж˻ԳֻżῴһЩ˵ҪԳֻӦڵӾ֮濴ɣʵڹ˵ߴĳˡ
ȵĹһ˵ķգ÷䳬ǿȥͶ̥
òƳԶˣһСʱͻȿնɷϾһаһžȿնɷ
ȻȥԺץסֻԺֱӳˣŵ㣬ֻ»겻̫ǿСİûɢˡ翴Աߵĺ˼ѵ
˼ͷĵ˵ͷ
У߰ɡҵȻǰ棬ϾҲһӵģһƿž͸еһɺϮԾ
ͻȻһ㣬ƿһ澹Ȼǡ
æſסˣ˵Ծб䣡
˼Ҳͣס˽ŲȻ˿ɷĸоǺġ
ȷö˼ü˵»ԣ鱨׼ȷ
֪ô¡ҡͷڻȥ
Ϊʲô˼ƿҴ󲽵˽ȥҺŽȥԺ͵ͷָһ˵ӵɷλ⡣
̧ͷź˼˵Ӷߣɷλھ䣬Ĺֲһ㣬Ũ̶ܳȣӦǰٹϵĹ
ٹ񣿡һ£漴ҲŵȣеĹճΪطأϸʱͻγһЩĹ֡
ٹϵĹصĵط͵ĵطͻȻǰٹĹ֣ɷڰٹϾߡ


060 ҵԸ
ٹϵĹ˼üͷ˼һᣬͻȻ̧ͷ˵֪ˣСԲ˵տֻʱȹ»껹ôָɷλйأѲǻɣ
ʲôʡ
˼ɰٹʮһֻжǰҪǶмľʱǸڼɷλҲڼɷλͻγΪɵĹ
𣿡Ťͷʡ
˼ԥ˵һֻгһʮϻޱȣʱȹ»껹磬Ҳ뿪ԲʮףҪǸʱĻһƨܱԲʱ򰡡˼ü
ǡҸ˵ʱ򣬻ͷһžȻʧˣһǽ
ֹĻɲ֮ǰֻСèܱȵġ˼ʱǽɫͱرѿҲòȥ˵Ҵûɫôϴھ뱩Ҷûɫ
ڸô죿ҿӣʱûʲô·˼ü˵ֻкֻƴˣȻֻǾͨһùǡ
ǽô¡תǽܸоС
˼ҡͷ˵Ҳǻþþܸ߼Ӿȫı䣬ȥʵǹ⻬ţоȴǴֲڵǽҪνԳȥ߲ȥΪǽĴڣʲôʱûǽʱ㳩ͨ衣
µĸо̾˿ΪҵȷоǽĴڡ
Ҳûʤ㣬ȻǰٹϵĹҲǽʮѣʵڲлﲻǻиɷô˷ųƴˡ仰Ȼţ⻹̲ס㣬СԣȥɷλǷڲڣܻܲٵǷٲҸ䣬з𾭣ϣֻܰҪһͺˡ
ұ㡰ΪʲôҪз𾭣
˵ΪûþйûĿֲϣĻþ˳룬ֻҪľȫ뻭ɵĻþ֮ͻᷢԼѾˣԼڻɵĻþˡ
ͷһǲ֪ľˣҿӵ˵أԲۣҲ̫̰˰ɡɲôղŵ˼Һͺ˼ȥðգһ
˼ȴҵԴһ˵˵ӵĹΣա
ԭǻɰŷգŶֱӾˣľˣطΣյģҪǺһ뿪žûдڵļֵˣɾͻȻеľԸǡ
˼ԺͷежģͻȻ绹ͦɰġ
ĵȥɣôˣǼġٺٵЦһ£һƨɾ˵ϣ۾ˣҺͺ˼һۣҲӵɷλȥ
ɷλʵӵһλãǹ̶ģ䣬Ҫɵ֧Լ㣬֮ǰһǸоӵɷλ춯Ȼֹġ
һ򵥵ķ꣬ɷλϱߣţǶǱԴƣ˸ȥˣȻܶӸݽṹͬһЩ죬ġ
ɷλܷƣܹȣҪɷλǽƲƣһаŵĵط
Ҹں˼棬Сӵɷλȥǲûһ¥ѰңΪʱҿֻʱڶ¥ֱ϶¥ҵġ
϶¥¥ܶҾߣ֩ʲôģǺͺ˼һ£ûʲôһ۾Ϳ˶߻һ
˵ǣӦʮĻ滭һɫҰ׵Ůӣһʺļ¡
еŮӺڼһϻһ˿Ц⡣
һǰȥֱӻٵǷ˼һס˵Сĵ㣬ûô򵥡
˵СĵĿͻȻ˼¶һ˼ģ˫ֱĿŲԶӣֵʣ㣬ôˡ
磬ô˼ȦһӾͺҿüͷ⺮˼˻Ҫס˼ס֣ҵĶӾһۣǺ˼ĽҵĶϣȻ˼˦ҾһҸܵӱˣһ˵ͷС˵񾭲һź˼ģ˲ҲˣԸټǸɡ
ôҵԸʲôأ


061 Ů˼
֪𣿾ǸڰǸ»ԣ˵ûаְ֡
ǰ˵ְɱ˷ΰľؽˡ
Բԣ˵ְǾˣ̵ʱ͵ͬھˡ
Ұְֵʲôˣɱ˷ˣʲôҲ裬ΪÿĺܾãҲңҰְֵ˭
СʱÿοͬѧѧǰְǣȻϲ˵ʲôĽ
ҵԸǻþǻþҿһ´˵еİְҲá
ɵ˰죬ڴҹʧǲûгǴ˵еİְ֣ΧȻʲôûзѵûԸԣҶԸ׵ĿκζǿңôΪҶԸӡȫûУҲ֪ôû
֪Ϊʲôʧ̾˿ҵʹһŮ˵
ûԸ𣿡
תͷһȻǸŮֻŮǴһɫ·ƮƮģòͦġ
ŮӦþǻˣоϻǵͷ˵аȻУܰһûҸס
ܣԸ̫ˣÿһ˶ԸǶԼԸʶ֪ԼҪʲôģȻǸˣȴò֪ǸŮɬЦһ¿ҵ㻹Ǹˡ
ңһʣҲҸҲӦûʲôɣô궼ˣӻ
Ů˵һԼδҪʲôҪңҪʲô֪һ˲ǺܿһҪ룬һܼǵò
ʱΪɿûʲôɣֻǵʱһãҾָɷλǷʣôأȥͶ̥һ
ŮһЦ˵ڵˣȻѾˣҪǲһ棬ҲȥͶ̥
ˣ
ԣɾ˵ҵġŮԱߵһԺ󣬺ڻԼĹһͿʼ
ﱻĸйϵŪ˻һʼǸСӻżĸҲ飬ǺĸĪȴͬǸũСˣŮҲǾǿԼڼﻭһǻǸСӭȢԼĻȻڻ߸ɱˡ
Ů˵ʱһˣҽüʣҲˣģͻġ
ŮҲǺ׶񣬰̾˵ΰĺ
һͻȻͷһΰΰǲԳϵҾ͸æʣǲǽ˼
ŮȻ̧ͷʣô֪ģ
еΰѾġҡҡͷͷ˵ʱԳ˵Ǹ£²Գ˵İ汾
ġҾ˵ΰүүүүǰǺѣΰүүǰȥǰ˵һ˼ˡ
үүȻǸΰûëǮϵҲԳ˵Ǹ˵ֻһˣҾ̽ʣ͵ʱΰүүʲôϵأ
˼¶ȵı飬˵ܵģ˵ҵģⲻܵģôأ
˼Ϳʼ˵ࡣ
ԭ˼֪Ժȷΰȫ˾Ϳʼ׷ȴΰжӣоΰʵȫʵȴûоȫһܽƻˡ
˼Ҳ˵ԭΰܺãȫȴΰǰ˼һЩ飬Ͷ仨֮ģҪ֪ʱǸԼԼϲ˻ܴ衣
ΰʱ׼ȫ򶷣ȫȴ˵˼ǻƻŮûأ˶׷ȨѲΰ˼һȣ
ʱǸ̸Ҫϱģ֪֯Ϻģ˼ΰǲҴŵģҲ˵Ȼ֪Ҳû˵ƣֻȫˣˡ
ֱ˼صеʱΰʱͶ˵ˣԼԼԺ󷢴һȥȢ
˼˵ԺҾ͸оȫеҲﲻҾ˵һҺ˽⵽顣
ԭ˼֮󾭳ΰͨţԭúõģȫͼΰãĸҲԳ˵ãȫΪʾˣ˵ŷ⣬ȻһЩż˺ˣֻһЩԹܼż˸黹ǻȡ
ȫ͸˼ĸĸȥһţ˵˼ŪɺΰҸ֮ģԭ˼ĸĸ㿪Ƿǰΰ˵һܶŹĻ죬˼ĸĸ飬Ȼ˼
ΰҲΪʧȥ˼ϵΪ˼ĸ鵭ˣֱһκʾֵǸ˺Ⱦƣ˺˸ΰ࣬ΰһȫ˺¼


062 ã
˼Ļˣû뵽ϾȻôɵ飬ҾȻ˼˼һֱڵΰ
˼֪ΰѶԺҲǺͷ֪ʲôҾͰο˵˼Ӧýһ̰ɣ뿪ɣôȥˡ
˼ҡҡͷ̧ͷң˫۾վҾϾ˸˵ллϢôˣҲȷӦȥͶ̥ˡ
һ£û뵽Ȼ˵Ͷ̥ˣҲ˼˵ôҲãԵֵĻΰ±ӻġ
ллˣһֱԸˣȻûôãǽˣҲң֪Լȵ˭ȻûǰȴĿ궼֪˼ҡҡͷ
ҿ˼̾˿
˼ҲǿǽϵǷ¶ı飬˵ôȥͶ̥ˣô꣬һֱ⻭Ҳᷳˡ˵ԺȻıɫĹ㣬Ȼһһĳصס
˼ʧԱߴ˼Ĵ磬߰硣
Ťͷ˼ķһ˼۾ѾˣߵϣȰ䣬˼һ±סңͷʹ
磬ң磬ء
ҿűסҵĺ˼̾˿ıοУﶼȥ㰺ôһ椣ңҲο˼һҲ̫á
𣿡˼̧ͷһԺɫһ䣬һȭĴҵؿڣؿһʹ˼һȭͷ岽˼ܳҸأ
ô֪ȥҧؿ˵Ҫƾҵ粻֮ǹ˵Ͷ̥ˣڻڻþء
˭ҽѵģ˼Ȼҡҡͷ֪Ů˲ǺܿµģҲˣת¥ȥ˵ú˵
¥Ժģʱ͵ڴĵأһɶأ
ұʦˣҸԺĿңͻȻعæվ·һɶأ
ûɶҡҡͷź˼ӣþҲһȫǻģҲ˿ֵĻþԣʵԼԸʹ໹Ҹģʵ׷ģҪʵ֣Ϊβһ
Ҹ˼һ߳ⶰʱʮˣڳʱҲľҲͦǸŮ˼ģ˵˼ΰȥͶ̥Ժ
˼˵ʵҲƶ񣬲ûʲôǶģֻҪʱĳЩﱧżľôͻΪ˼䣬ǳޣǰȻӦǳޣıǶΪԸĹеƹ
Ǻˣһֻƹ˼֪ΰŻᰲȥͶ̥ҪǶĻƾ͵ôɱķйˡ
Ժ˼˵Ӷǻ겻ģ߻У˼ͺǸˣһʧǵŮȥ
Һȥһ·߶ǺܶˣҲֻҺ߶
ľʣ磬Ǽʦôף
û취ϲɣ㵹˭Сǣһ˵ʮAVŮǵ֣ҶûӦʣᰡСӾϲЩ˵ƬӰЩ˻ܿ˭
ʲôҲû˵ҵԸǼЩŮˣ֪Ұֵ˭磬֪𣿡
û뵽һᵽҰ֣ɫ΢䣬һ£Ц˵ңô֪ĲʦҸ㣬ʦСжϸ
֪ĶԲԣͣ˽Ųվԭ˫ֱĿ磬ĽҲͣɫҲ˲٣˵ӣ˵ģҵȷ֪Ҫ֪͸ˣ֪ģҪ֪Ⱥٻȥɡ
𣿡ҿʣҡͷ˵֪ϼһƢֲǲ֪ʵЩ鲻֪á˵ҡҡλεǰˡ
֪Ժѹģǲ֪ǲѹĵȨû𣿡ҿЦһ£ҲˣӦģ顣
صԺ̩СѾȥˣڴϣ˼ǧĺҲϲ˵
ϵƣһı۾֮ǰ뷨̫ˣԴңоͷγģܿҾ˯ˡ


063 
ʱĺܿ죬ԴǼÿָϰߣ˯ԷǶһĿѧϰаŷҶѧˣȻٶȲզأÿҲŷҵǮ棬ͺ²֪ʱ¼
Ǻ˵ǽ¹úƽֻǺ˼²ûôҺ磬Ϊϴλɵʱǰ޹е㲻˼ɡ
ŵҲȥμһЩ̽ջ޷ǳǶиլи֮ģȻȥ䣬û˼ÿŵ˶˷ܵðǿȵĹְߡ
ʱܿ͵ˣڷżٵ磬ң磬̩С˾һȥһ٣Ǽһ˰꣬Ȼǲ˵ˣŶѧĸǶܶ
ҺĵĳƱس١
극ԺǾͻˣ̩СֶĳƱҪһЩǰҺ˸к뿪ϼˡ
ҺʰöԺڴС˯һᣬȻ͸վˡ
Ҹ絽վԺƱ̤˻ؼҵ·;ϳʱ򣬿ųվͻȻǰʱģе㱣һξ͹ȥˡ
Һߵλ£ó˶Ÿ迴Ŵⷢ񣬶۾˯ˡ
˴һСʱ͵ˣ³˴꣬ҺϽͷ嵽վһ⳵Ǹʦ˵˵ַ
⳵ʦٶȻ˵ʮӾͿ˶ݣ³Ҵ˸кתȥ
³Ժҿ˿ȴûֱӻؼңŵļȥûͷˣġ
ߵżſڣŴ󺰣ͷϽţһˡ
ףС˵㲻ȥôŴſһ£ҵ˵ͷţ컹һɫıĺͶ̿㣬˫Ь˵Ǵ޷оġ
ⲻǷżô¡ֱ˽ȥżҲûô䣬˳ƾżɳˡ
һæ߹˵С·ôʪҵƤɳϽ·ˡ
ŶŶæվˣȻǳһë̺Լ㻹˵Ҫ
ſתߵһ뽪ҵǰݸңҲӹһڣʱоůͲ١
ſҺ˽ЦеʣСɶʱİ
Ұŵϻش˵ջ趼ûȥأˣôж
жƨСӴ²ģûµʱԸڼŲҲҡɳϣŶʣ˵ɣʲô£
Ҳûɶ£ϵ˭Ǹʲôģϴ˵ǸҶ֪ȥʲôҲ֪Ŀŵʡ
ʵŵ۽ǾȻһ£Ҿ˵ţ͸һ°ɡ
Ҳ㣬費Ҹ㣬ңˣҲһǺ¡
Ȼ˵Ŀеԥӣһϲæ˵ţ͸ҰɣҶʮ꣬ʮˣô˻֪ǵʲôʱ֪
㣬ɡת߽ó£ݸһһԺתͳˣæһȥ
굹С˲٣Ҹźżȥ
ǾԶһСɽ£ǸСɽ涼ǷĹ͸ĺܶԼԺ󶼻ڼ¡
ҸԺ󿴵ĹǵСʱҺ绹ϲܵطðգڻʱˣرǵʱطΪֲĵط
Ҿߣߵɽʱ߽һƬ֣м侹ȻˣмжʮĹ
طҺǰûΪǰɽŶµҪ˵ɽˡ
Ǿǳ¼ҵˣǳ¼ҽڶָǶʮأҺ֣ҲŸҰֵôظʲôﻹһʣҼôΪʲôûݹأ
ȥҲȥݰڰɡЦһ£֪ʲôطóһݸңʱȻ꣬ѾСˣ滹Ҷڵ㵹ûʲô⡣
ߵһĹǰĹһ꣨1925-1950ֻ꣩Щûˣ룬λȻǶֻ˶ʮ꣬ҹµȼ㣬˰ݣȻ㡣


064 ſջ
ߵڶĹǰһĹ򻪣1950-1975꣩һüͷ˰ȣ㣬ֵһĹ
½ϣ1825-1850꣩¹ݣ1875-1900꣩
ʮĹȫݼԺҾȵķ֣ЩĹĸճµģûһ˻ʮ꣬ҰݼԺȻŤͷŵĿţҲüͷĿҡ
ҰݼԺߵǰ˵ˣ
ľګĵ˵ͷ﷭˭ﶼƽŽ˵֪Ϊʲô˰ɡ
Ǽҵ˶ʮꣿе㲻ţЩҪǶûʮ꣬أ
ҽʣΪʲôԭǼʲôڿѧô϶κõİɡ
Ҿ֪СӻżҵĶͷ¶һ˿簮ɫ˵߰ɣصҼң˵
ûеΡ˫ĵţҲҵʱ飬Ҫǻλ˼֪ʮʱ֪ԼпܻʮĻܻҵʱĻ
侲㡣Űο˵Ҵô侲һôᣬô£ôܻʮء
žһ죬һۣŸһ⣬һ°Ҵ˲١
Сӣ̫ˣʧ֪ǸôʲôŵһۣȻҲңתߣһ
εҲȥһ·ҵľ񶼻л㱵ģԴô죿ҪҪȥйõҽԺƣûǮȻȥУļأҪҪȥȵ㣿ֻôô
Դ룬ڻҶ֪ҵʱôżҡ
żԺžɳϣ˵֪ĶҲȫ֪ķģ˵ɡ
֪ȫҿ˵ͷˣ̫ҪˣһҪҡ
Ҿʹ峯˵ɣȿȡһ¾˵
峯һͳȫԭ򣬳˱ǿ׳ʵһԭйÿһʹÿһ˥
̫ڰ¾ޡŬ൱˥ʱ̣Ǵһ·ͨ£Ϊ̫ڰ¾ޡŬʮֵŹ񣬰˵Ļš
ẉ̂ҲڵЩ·ҰɼǩЭ飬ΪɣЩҰɼɰһػ
ЩҰҲǴڶܶĶưɡ
ʱĵȴ̴ѹʱһг½Ÿңҵȡ
ʱĳ½ʮ꣬͵һ̵ƽ̣ҵλȵʱҪ˵̣ûʶ̵Ǻ̰ģʱΪֻҪȹ̣̾ͻõӣȻҵ̵ʱĽԡ
̵ĽȽ곤ҲȽȫһЩоıȶȫû壬;ܾˡ
ǡõʱһصĶſջջֻ߲Ҫײϣ϶·һʱ̵Ľ˵ȻҪԣͿ˭Ƚſջ
Ȼǳ½͵Ѱſջô˵Ҳһ̵䣬Ҳ۷ģܿҵ˺ſջ
ȴſջܣˣõʱȻ󲨣Ȼ̲ǰôǵ۷ﱻħܻǺֵĻ⣬ܶҲĻ̻
̵ĽȴǺɵȥſջһأԺ󻹸˺ſջһţ˵̽ޱߵȵһͨƨ˵Ըһ겻˷ˡ
Ϣһ½ʱѪʮգǰһӣǺ½ĺȴȫʮ꣬˶˵ܵ˺ſջЩֵ䣬һʱͶ̵Ľˡ
µ˾ͽˣ˵ԺҾͽüͷ˵Ⱦô
ǰˣǺģʵб䣬֪ˡЦһ¿˵Ҳè壬Ǻſջȫ֣̱ͺֹϵܣпè塣
Ǹô죿ʱĹʲôè岻è尡ҵСҪģʣѲɾԼӢţ
ǵᣬֻҪҵǺſջĻн취ˡ˵Ժ˵ʶһ˿ǼǺſջŶ
˭ҲûȥҺſջǸղ룬ǰĶˣôܻڣ˵˿
ֹǿŶȥЦеĿ˵Ǹʦ׾ŰҪʱȥݷһ°ɣ˵ͽܻûȥݷùҲ˵̫ȥ˳ſջ¡


065 
ôҰأŵĻ΢뵽ҰѲҲˣ
źҲҵ˼һ㣬ҡҡͷ˵֪ЩҲҺȥģ㸸ճʱ䲻ˣȻû֤ʵѾǼʮ䣬㸸׻Ѿ
ŵĻû˵ȥ̾˿ɳϣſҲе㲻̣ҵԱ߰ο˵İɣȥһ棬ȥƱͳȥʦһˣ϶а취ġ
𣿡ҵ˵ͷҲðϣˣҲʮ׾ˣֹ۵̬йϵɣҴСʲô鶼ֹ۵̬ȥ
ţһ߻ؼңţڳŪأȻһˣҲ迴Ҿʹ˵裬һˣɶأ
ұıĵԱߣͷҵЦˣϴСˣôϽȥϴ֣Ͽˡ
Ŷҵ˵ͷת߳˳һ۾ͿҼҵаһӾ뵽ǰֻϷŪģﱾͲˬʱеװŵʯǰӸʵ㣬ȻŪɢ
˵Ͱ붪ǰԣڻʱҲ̫һ㣬ź극һЩѧУô֮һ⣬ҲһһĻشˡ
Ҫǰòͷˣ֪Ϊʲôʱȴܺĵȥ֡
ԹԺҾͻصԼķ䣬˼룬δʵ˵˾Ϲ룬Ժľ˯ˡ

ģҿ˿ҾȻһɭ棬ΧģѾˣһԼҾȻһİɫװﻹŰƾɵɡһ
ûһᣬϾ꣬ҾǰⲢҵ˼ҾȻƲҵ壬ҵԼǰ֪˶ãǰ澹ȻһƾɾɵģǰһźֵܴĹҵ弱ææĳǸȥںԶʱ
ͻȻһоһ䣬˫ۣһ¾Ŵҿ˿ҾȻҵķôղ
ɻҪ˵εĻղǸҲ̫ʵһ㣬ܼǵеһ·һղǵʲôأǸ
ͻȻоͷЩ̧ۣͷһһںӰվҵĴϣͻȻ˫֣ҪҲһ
ͷһѹָղǸͻȻо䣬һ˹ԭֻҪҡ
ҵʱʹŸãæһҵǮڿأеķҲ棬ҹߣһץҵĿӣͳǮҾ͸оҺһһ˫ץסҵĲһһһˤ˴ϡ
ҵĴȽҸ»ûع͸оҵĲӱʲôסһ̧ͷһӰοˣ͸ӰһȻʱûƣںģһǿ
үġҸоӶ촭ˣǮóһŷʱ̫ˣҸͲ֪ʲôЩҪӦܹõġ
֪ʲôںģҲ˷
ʱûκΰ취ˣеֶûá
ס֣ͻȻһСŮˣҾ͸оһ£Ȼ̵ɿҵĲӣȻҵҾʧˡ
ҿȥˣʱİΣ׼׷ȥȴ˵׷ˣҵǸҲӲˡ
°ҽĴ򿪵ƣҪȥʰǼһ
ûµģڣġȻɫɷףһɫȹоͦɰġ
ҽüͻȻ뵽ôأȥҾʣˣôģ
ԺͰӽ⿪˰˵ʲôӰ岻̫ҵĴϻ˫ȣ͸СŮһȥ˵ɶأСŮ
ҿҲûлȥ˼ҲԱߣǹȻ붼˵ˣҲ˺ܶ࣬Ͼ˵ֹɷٹŵߵ͹ء
ҳЦһʣ밡ʲô֪ӡ
뿴˵ȻȻҿʮ굫ʵѾʮŶ
ۡҲûЦرСӵӼģôôɰ˵ʵҪǲᱨĻͦɰģ԰ɡ
ŰͻȻ͵ͷ˵ʵҲ̫뱨ģΪɱҵİΰʵģ֪ΪʲôܸоһԹǲٿҵ˼ÿ룬ɴҲҪͻƾյһԹ
ôǴ˵еԹ˰ɡҿ룬ͻȻһ˿һ˫澹Ȼ֮ǰֻʣûġ


066 Բ
ҲҪΪǺ£ʵ֮ǰڶʱҲԹ֮йһЩоһ˵ûģΪǱɱ˫ۣäĿҪǲӵ۾ģֻбѩޣ߱˳֮֮Żûб𣬵Ǿ̫ˡ
Ҳע⵽ֵѯʣôˣҵְ
ҿһ£ҡҡͷ˵ûʲô϶ûʶģҼȻ֪ҲøǵѯŰɡ
ҿһʱ䣬Ѿ賿ҲˣҲ׼˯ˣԱʣ룬Ͷ̥𣿡
һ˵ͷ˵Ȼ밡
ʣְ𣿡
ʵʱ뵹û˵˶ٲŵ˵ͷеĵĵҲ밡ԺǼǰְһȻԺҾҲˡ
뿴ʣܰҵͶ̥֮ǰҵǣټһ𣿡
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȻһŬͶ̥ǰ㸸ĸһġΪҶҸ׵ڴɣ顣
ȻҺһûһҲ֪Ҳ˵ڲױˣ֪Ϊʲôǰһᵽͱˣ˵ڳ˳˲пܿƲס
һһЭ飬ֻҪΣտңұҵĸĸͰ
ʵڶãΪѾ֪пǰ̸ɵģĸĸҲҵʱڴӦģؼ쳯ʮˣ֪ĸﰡ˵ֻҪĸһԼоġ
һЩĶСʱĸȥ԰֮ģʱúܿ죬ܿ͵ϰ˵㣬Ҳ˵ȥȻȼϰ첻䵽վûϵ͸Ҫ˯һһͻоʡ
ȥԺպ壬ڴŰ˵ʱʹߵűߴţţû뵽žȻһɫֻۣšһ
ҿͷʣϼһĴɶ
Цһ˵ʱˣðշҵֻ˻ˡ
һ£ʹĴҵĶͷһ£С˵С㣬賳ˣһֱ飬ҪԶţҲˣҲû쿴ţһԵİֻ
˵ɣҪŪɢŪǵļҹ⻰͸ҪⶫǺһ
ü˵Ūɼҹɣɢ̫ˣô˵񵱳ҲҰֵĴ
ҹͶؼɺ񣬲ͬǣһ֣һǹͬʵ࣬ûжЩҹһ⻧˼ҶдԸ⻯Ϊҹػˡ
һ˵мҹ˼ӶǶůû߳ϣĹ»ҰҲ⻧˼ҵңΪʶģ⻧˼мҹˣ˵ֻһǲġ
ŴʯǰȻóľ̤ǲȻһ¶壬Ӧ顣
Ÿ꣬ͻȻʯͻȻͳһŸŮӣŮʹһʦ붯񣬵࣬ǣشں̲ס˵С㣬賳ˡ
ϼһ˵أ˭
һҲңһҧָʯͷһ㣬ȻǰƾյĻﻹɷܣιҼɷҵ
ͻȻһ̶ļд˻ʯ洫
췽Բ¡
±ʣء
ﴫóŻƷʯ棬ȻȵСձΪ¼Ҽɣֹɵػ¼ҰͶ̥תֻأɴӦ
˻ǲͶ̥ģظҲǿɣ˼Ȱֻأػ˵
ҲΪʲô¹ԺԺܼңڣȴҪؼҰꡣʯ񴫳һ˵Ҳһ¹Ӧþϵˡ
¹ԲСĴɱ㣬ĴСĳҪȫȷԩԩ౨ʱˣҪԸ⣬ڱȻΪɣҪǲԸҾɢԶʧܴ˻Ҳԥ
һҺ¡
ɶһ£һţʯǰžͿ˵ǳ¹Զӣծӳó»԰ݣԹˣϣΪ֮
ҲҲ֪ΪҰֶģҲæͷ˵Բ𣡡


067 ʦĸ
ԲһԲͿԭ𣿲ܡ
˲ûֱӾԭ£ǸļŴʱŵʱҲͨ죬ҲܷѾһִٸһλᣬҪٲͬĻҾֻܰɱɢ
ǻɢҲҪ𡣡ֻ˻кҿҲüͷ˵ȥүģҪԼȥϵҸʲôܳһװһȫ¶ǷģԩͷծϵֲҺ躦ģҪȥ
ծӳ쾭塣
ûϵһ棬ƾʲôծҪҳģһ˵ģܳţŪˣģҼֲȱôɡԺſһۣͷ˵»˵һΣͬͬ⣬Ҫǲͬ⣬Ǿͱˡ
û뵽˵ԺǸʯȻû˵ˣƬ̣ſڣôĻУҸɲǸ¹ҪԺһ𡣡
㡣ʼ磬ڶ֪ϵЩȶûʮϰߣǹˣҪԼȥظҰɡ
ãȻͬΪ»ԼɣôóһСó֣ʳָһСڣһѪŽסѪʯĶͷ¼ҳΪػɣػ¼Ұ꣬ԽȻͶ̥תػ˼̫Ͼ
ԺͻȻʯɢһ󵭻ɫĹâȻһʮϸ˾վҵǰϸޱ飬ûʲô׶ֵϸʣǸղֻ˻
ϸޱĵ˵ͷģȻѾҵļɾͲ뷨ˣ̾ˡ
̺áҲ¶ЦݣȻΪɣҪػǼҰ꣬ǹϵȻܸø̫ˣ˵ղС˵Ļĵģϣϡ
̲ûлػҡҡͷʯʧˣ跿ķһ˵ûгãҸͰɣڻǸϽȥʦ׾ʺſջɡ
ҵ˵ͷҲٶ롣

ʵڵڽͦģΪɱڽطسȥڽǰպضϵڽ򣬴˵طɱĵطܽԸΪڽ򣬾ǲطɱ˭Ҳ˵׼
ŵڶʱҲŸϵ˰ڽڽͦģȻ򣬵ǱϼҶö࣬³Ժо΢طͦģҪʱƾǻ¯ˡ
ҵͷһŸҵĵַڽֶʮẉ̂ŵַߵģʮӲҵ̣û뵽̾ȻǸĵֻ̣ͦаԾҼǵʦʱǿıôܾ⿪ꣿ
ⶹҲȷЩһⶹ͸һܶ൥ķ䣬ԭ沢ûˣſʵ˵ġ
Сֵܣ˭ͻȻһŮҺתͷһȻǸŮվҵŮʮɣųͷŵױΧһɫΧȹͺŮ
ŮҸ׾ŵģԱ𣿡ҾԼЦһЩǸŮȻĵ˵ͷȻЦҵԴһһģ˵ǳ»ԣͽܶ԰ɣҽ㣬ʦŮŶɵýʦĸŶ
ţ۲ݣȥһǻ쵰ʦҿǰԳʦĸŮӣʮɣʦʮˡ
ιţͽˣ԰ÿɰССԵģǽȥԻɣУˣôôաʦĸŵ绰ڴ绰ԺЦеĴң񿴶һԣģ͸һ
һֱңԻԣûѧϰôͬѧòദ˰죬ʦĸҲ̫˼ʵЩ̫ˣʦĸ˵ˣôûһأǵϴʱˡ
ʦĸ͸̿һһֱ߶Ҳżشһ䣬ȻƯôҲʦϱʦĸһǲʲôģⶹһСʱʹһһīӴһĴֵָĻƽϻʮָ컹һƤµıһ˽һǰʦԺʹûʦ׾š


068 ûô
ţͽܣСԡʦĸһָ˵׾ȡīƲһ۵˵ͷȻʦĸ˵ϱ˵ٴˣ
ͽܡʦǰ˿ңĵ˵ͷͻȻʣ˵ˣ
һ£Ѿģ⻰˵Ҳ̫ˣʦĻ֪ͽܶ󣬲뵽ÿʦǸſջһǼ΢Ц˵ʦҽʮˣʮˡ
ţߣȥԷȥҶˡʦҴЦĪģʦĸ˵߰ɣͽתǸꡣ
˵תҪţæϣûʧʦǱͣأҸʦĸ˳ϳԺҲû˵ʦʦĸһûһš
ӿӾһ͹㳡ͣ͹㳡һСɽ£滹иڽһҵ֣ʦ³ԺҲ˵ʦĸҾҵߣҵ̵ܶϰ廹ʱʦкʦԵЩҲһ⣬ʲô贫ôࡣ
ʦͻش˵̫ˣëߣȻطȷ΢󣬲¯ôҲ찡ں涼ܿʦµµء
ʦһſͣͦģ¥磬ͦģֻڳԷʦҽȥԺʹ󺰣Ͻģȥż䡣
һģʮҵ˳ӴŸ۾һְҵװ˹˹ĵģӦþʦﺰˡ
ëǰԷǷǮûء΢Ц뿪Ц˵
˵ɶأϲģҳԷǷô£Ҹյͽܣ»ԣҴͽԷ㾹Ȼ˼ǮʦĹϵؿһ£
СһᣬʱᴫһЦȻһС϶¥¥ܿ߻˺ܶż䣬ǸСǽȥԺ뿪ˣҲͦģʮƽɣɳȣͦʵġ
ʦԺһЩ˺󣬾æǼƤ¸ˣ澹ȻʹżɫıģԵģˡ
ʦû´ôɶֵʡ
㶮ƨһμʽ㣬Ϊ㣬żʮǮĵ̯ʦô㣬ҵȥʦʱ򡭡˵ͻȻʦͲ˵ˡ
ʦôˣʣʦҡҡͷûû£Сƨ˵Ҳ
ҼʦҲûҼˣʵҵԸҲװһ˵Сģⲻô˵ʱװɴүɲС
ܿ˾ˣҲЩģʦʦĸҲôѧץģһμûӰ֮ģҾ˵ҵһץǸһץģòƾҴԸֻʬɡ
˵ʬʦһʹţƵ˵ɾˣҪ֪ʦҵһζԸľֻʬ֣ҵʱһһһһ͸ɵֻʬ֡
ٴţˡʦĸʱʦЦȻ˵ʦʱûӣǿű˲ֻʬֵġ
Һʦʦĸ߳Աģʱ˽⣬Ҿ͸оʦܰţƣ绹ϲĵ˵ըĵĹ˵ȥʼƹĵʬ˵ͺɰݹӣĵ־˵ͺ̫үһ𹲻ѹ
̫ү֪ɣʡͷͷҡҡͷʦ湻ܴġ
ʦĸʦţƵʱ΢ЦŲ˵ʦٸԽ̻һȾƴƨԺͻȻңˣСԣҿɲֻǵĹҵġ
ë߰ʦĲҪȻ룬ϻװһ˵ʵʵҹһһʦ
Ŷ˵ֻҪ뿴ٸԽ̻·֮ģĶûʲô⡣ʦ˵ԺҲһ㣬ȻǴţģ
ʵҿܻʮꡣҽžͰŸҵʦʦĸʦĸһԺͽĳʦ˵㲻ǰſջ𣿡
û뵽֮ǰһЦݵʦȴʦĸҡҡͷ˵֪ʲô֪Ǻſջʲô𣿡
һȺôȥ̫үһ¾ͺ˰ʦĸֵʣʦȴҡҡͷ˵ҪǺĻǻýˣſջûô򵥡


069 ù
ܶȻ֪ſջǶΪǺ̫үŪһּϵأʵ֮ǰҲһֱΪģĵʱͺ̫ү֪һܣܹ֪һֻҲĹ
ʦִţˣȻ룬Ҳû˵š
֪Ǻſջϴ˭ôʦ˿ʦĸԴһϽ˵ʲôӡ
ŶŶſջıʵ̫ꡣʦ˵ԺͿңһʣ̫ꣿ̫겻һϡеֲ𣿡
ԣԹз̫̫꣬ͷ϶һ˵Ҳ˵е̫꣬ʵеֲ̫ɾˣ̫һּɷ൱׺ֲ֪ΪֲģΪǺٵ壬ĸſջֻ̫һֻ֣൱֣ǧУǰС
ҿڵҲҪɱϵôʦҰɣͽҿɲŰ
ʦüͷƬ̿˵㻹ǵҵһκ˵ϱ䲻
ǵðҵͷʱһأһ룬һӦþʮɡ
䶼񶾣϶ǻʮġʦһۣü˵ʵ˵ģҺܲ飬ΪȻ֪ȵʲôֻҪһ϶ǣܶףҲʽºܶˣҾʦĸȹ
šҿͰ͵Ŀʦ̾˿˵˭ҵù㵱ͽأŷȥɶһõݣһ־ϵģ˵ģһ㣬ſջַңҪΣվͱ׾ŵĴ˵ͽܣؿɱһ
ţлʦҽӹķֵʣҲ壬ֱӸ绰ͺôȥʲô
ܳһ㶼û⾳ͽ˰æͽȥô˵ĸ˵ȥXXҸ绰˵һ¡˵ô治֪ôôͽܣȥʦһۣ
ֻεĵ˵ͷﰵ룬治֪ôʦ
극Ժԭʦĸȥʦסģʦҳѧû˵ʦܵģ¶޽ͷססׯɲܻء
ᣬȥסׯȻץׯôһವĵط˯ô
ȥסȥ

˻ʦʦĸ뿪ˣ˵ңҿ˿ϵģҲ֪ɶطбݣԱһʣ尡бݰ
һİɡ飬§ҵļ˵ݷ񶼲̫õģһ󣬸ȥҾȥǸĦɣǸ۸ʵݶҷ̬Ȼá
壬Ҳεġһ£Ĵ壬˰ҵһҾƵ꣬ʮһŴƵ꣬ȥԺͿʮ׻ӣúܱ¶ӭ
мأ̾˿컯ǬȺޣҡҡͷֻԼǮûʹһǧ飬ǻ쵰ʦҲûǮ˼Щˣ˵ĶһǧۣһøģһǮҲֵͦ
˷䣬ϴ˸裬°֮ǰһĳ۵ܲˣڴϣ۾Ҫ˯žڴһֻAVвŻеҪ˵ҸСӣʱһ˯ⶼûˣ͸оȵ÷ţһǮ˷߰ٿ飬ȻȥҸĦꣿǴ˵ܱ˵ġ
ˣĦЩ賤ù˵ģ룬۾ͻԼᣬԱ߿AV˵һ£ͺ˲٣ûһԱִ
ѵģ⣬ҲҪ¶ջɣʿɱ̣Ҵ·ܵڷ䣬ʹ˼ţԵģ㻹ò˯ˣүġ
ҲһҲη壬ҵʱǱʶΪ֮ǰ¥Сͷһʱһһ׾ŵļ˳󺺳ϻһָұ˵ղ˵⣿бƱ˵һԣ
ҿɲǶӣǶ˵ӢۣЦ磬ղ̫һ㣬΢СôװܱȱһúãֲĵӰûҪװʲôӢۡ
ϲܵţܳ󺺵ɷģ˵žҪҡҲţһС˵磬ʵǾ죬ƵһŻڷִи㡣
Ҹ˵꣬ԭΪ󺺻ᱻŵϾô˵ҲҴ򾯲İɣɫȷһ䣬ȻһסҵͣҵĲӾͰק档
ұקȥһʱɵˣ滹߸ɷĴ󺺣ӣһһһĶһȫңǵӰ涾۽׵ӰҶʱˣǹAVʵڷܳǰɣTMôù


070 
óһذ׵ҵĲӱߣĵĳһʮ˵ϴС˵Ǿ죬ô죿ҪҪɵ
Ǹʮ˴һɫװһ۾Ǻ׶˹˹ĵģҲǽͷذ׵ҵĴʣϴ󣬵ҪҪɵ˵⻰ʱֶе΢΢ˣҲ˵С˵ѾΧˣϴ˵Һ¡
侲㣡ûõĶǸʮӣϴҲüǰʣʲô
£»ԡС˵ϴĵ˵ͷʣǾ죿
Ȼæͷ˵ƭ㲻ú
ҷǾУģҲɣҲԼҲ֪ҪҲ˵ԼǾ죬˵ǱΧĻҿ϶ˣϴüʣǾ˶ˣص
˴ŶʮҡҲֻ˵˵Ⱥͽƴϴ˵ͷ˵ֵǣ׼ãСʣǳȥ˵ʹγһѺǹҲһǹ
Ҫ֪ëҪǳȥȺ֪û᲻˺ƱȥҺҵʱ嶯ë֪߰ߣһ𲻾͵ˡ
û뵽ǣȺ˸׼ţͻȻžһƱˣȻͶ˼
Сģˣ֪˭һ䣬ʱΧˣҵʱǸϴҵһ˿⣬̧֣ǹͳһǹ˹֮ǰͿҪ֣æһ㿪һǹЦŶô˵ҲǾУѧеģʱΧΧŴ󺺣ϴҽ㣬ҽϣžУѧֶΣһסһʹһʱǹ˵ϡ
һ¾סĲӣȻ侲Ҫǿǹ˾ˣǱ֣еƸϴﲻܵģڱöʮͳˣǧ侲֮ôΪΧ˶ǹָˣҿɲƵĺϴϣҪֲ֣ĵӣȺһɲΪһϴͲ֣ҿɲô塣
ȻôһЩ˶ԥҽ˵Ƿôڷ׻ڶвˣģ˸񵣱
ϵľо溰ҪǷͶ֯ڿͶڹµ˽ٴνǳԺΪˡ
˵һ˵Щ˶ҡˣǸϴͺ𣺡ǵģƴˣɱһи汳ģ
ģ϶ˣҲЩֵˮЩ˱һȰ֮ǰҽǸ˷˳ȥ˵ף
ģ˶ˣΪʱϴ󶼱סˣҪǷ·һҪǲû˻ѡˣЩԺҲԱݣ˵ǾУġ
ʱôģΪʲôô¸ҵӪõףܲ˵AVȥԺץȥ˰ɣȻҾͼӴ˵ʲô֪Żڽ췷Ϊ˰壬岻ݴǵĵӪ򽫴µзԡ
͵Ϯֵĳ汻˵һ˴ս˸׳ԺͶ׵ģȻЩҲôŵӣҲûң˵ˣĺܶྯΧЩһԭ׼ŶʱҾʹܳܵţǿұץȥԺͳ˽
ⶼãȻһʽԱǹҼˣֻҪһʽԱͿٷƣò̰ٵֽһ
ЩŻһ˸ˣọ֮̈̄ǰ˵ЩʲôǸˣǵĶƷȻһȥҴ쳯ٶٿ˶Ʒ̵ģǵǰչģεĻᶼа
һڵصǱˣȻⶼǺʦ˵ģҵʱ뿪ˡ
ھ¼ڹԭǲ뿪ģʦӵңľ־ֳϤӣȻҲǸŻˣǱϾϵôһǲ뿪ģʦʹ˸кܶðˣֱӾʹ뿪ˣоţƵһͿ
ʱӾֳʮˣʦйڴϣ˵Сãⶼײˡ
ʲôҵʱֻͰ˸󺺴ǿЦô㿴СĴָָ׿ǶˡСָʦ˵
ʦọ́ȼһƲһһŴƨϣСӣǰ顣
Ҹ̳飬ѹѹҳʦ˵ʦҺһ£Сƨӻ̣ӽˡ
Ҿͺʦһûһ֪ΪʲôҺ쾹ȻоůĸоְůĸоҲûҴС̫ȱԭɣȻһָ׵ĸо


071 С
ʵ֮ǰһͽܵôϾȻͽܣûô˽
ʦǰĪ˵ҿʦʣأ
ô˵أʦתͷԥƬ˵Ӻǰϲ̫ͣˣģ㣬Ȼ治ãӦҲӲ࣬ȴһûеĶʵֹ̫ˣûʲôգʲôҲ롣
Ƿ̫ˣ𣿡ʦʣһ£˵ͷȷûϴѧ֮ǰľǸʲôնûУһһѹҵϣ£飬һЩ£һϸ룬ڵûǰ֡
ʦҲߣ§ҵĲӣһ˵ʵһӷպܶ࣬ǰҲһһʼҲɶҲ룬ûûεͣҲܶ£Ҳıڵӣã֪Ժô졣
ǺأҿʦʣҪûᵽãһҲʦҵԴһ˵ֱ˰ʵǸ̬⣬Ҹ㣬ʵƨǸ̺һſջ𣬲ֻܻʮôҸ㣬ǰҲΪһЩ£ʣ°ǿɲ䣬ûˣʱҲã־塣
ôأҿʦѯʣѲɻܴȥظ޸
ɶأֲǺ硣ʦ˵Ҳ¶һ˵ĸое㻳ֺеã˵ʱΪԼˣõһŸˣʱҵٿ쵽ˣ˰֢ʶʼģˣǼ˵Щ˵ҲҪȥ٣һ䣬ûԪڶҲ̫ãΣա
ʦ˵ҸôĿľǸ㣬ʲôΣգʲôʮʮţһס仰ˡ
ʮ꣬˵𻰾͸ʮͷһӣʦЩҲǸоһ㣬ҲоһܺãȻҲʮ꣬ͽӴһ͵ҵ⣬֮ǰҲ˽һ°ɣ˵Щ֮ǰû͸оѹ𽥼Ӵ
ɶأԶʮĺòã߰ɣȥ˯ѡʦڵʣһûؾƵ갡Ͼ˷Ҳ˷ˡ
ȥëǸƵôƣ߰ɣһؼҰɡʦ˵žʹڽֵǺ֪ʦ֮ǰ֮ԲһҾ뿴ҶôǴ˵еĿѣ֮ǰǸҲҵģҲ˵ͽܿˣɫʱҪǸǸ˹Ҿͻʧˡ
ҺģʱҪǮĻȥĶǲûǮôȻҵȻҲҸʦ
ʦҾȻڽǸɽϣԼǵһ棬߽ʦңĴһʦȥԺ򿪵С˵ʦĸѾ˯ˣСС㣬¥кܶ෿䣬ԼҸ˯ɡ
˵¥ȥߵ¥һʱͷ˵ˣû±¥Һʦĸ˽˿ռ䣬˵¥ˡ
ֵ¥һۣҡҡͷ˸Ϣ
ڶϺʦʦĸͳˣȥȥˣ֮ǰʦصؽҵӸҴкұ¥ҳȥƵ귿ûһ˾ڱ򿪵ĵĿҪ˵˰ǼʦԽԸҲ¥ҾԽ档
߿ӱǸɶʮһʱҾ¥ȥҲȥιһ£¥¥Ǻܴ൱ڸ¥ģֻ䣬ߵ߷һ򿪣ͨңӦþʦĸʦķɣߵһ䣬һ򿪣ܺڡ
ԱһƵĿأһ򿪣յģӣӺܺÿ涼ʮɫ̳ӣЩ̳涼һźɫķ䣬һЩȻǺܸ߼
ʦҾȻӡô֣ҶʱҲΪʲôʦˣûԹ⻹ûôЩĵȼܸߣӡһƶܶԸģʱҲҶ˳ȥͻȻʹߴߴ
еСһüѵܳˣȻֿ֪϶ƿȥһߣע⵽һ侹Ȼһֻѩ׵СǽǵģСżɫķ䣬ڲҵܺһ㡣


072 ʦĸ

ʲôֵ֣ĿֻС꣬Ϊʲôֶ̳ӷӡģֻСȴأЩɫķ䶼ߵȼķ䣬΢˵һ·ɡ
ʵҲǷֵȼģֱǻƷϷڷƽʱһĶǻƷҲķЩȼߵģ֮ǰҪǻһĺôаҲȥˡ
С꾹ȻźüϷЩʲôҲ֪ûַ
ʱҲԥҪô죬ҪʦӡٴεֵĻܳҿ϶ˣֵȼôߣҲ֪ô찡
ԥʱͻȻʹʦŭ𣺡ڸʲô˭ġ
ʦиܳˡһͷʦ˵ʦķŭ˵ģоͦ˵ģ֪ΪʲôͻȻô
ʦһң˿һ˵ûˣȥɡ
ʦҴˡȻ֪ôˣҲʦҲʲôõӡҪǰĻҲںҵʲôʱʦĸо˸׵ĸоˡ
ûʦһ̾˿СǰСĶͷ˵ȻˣҲһʦĸɣս㣬ͽˣ¡
С걻ʦһҲ¶־ӣҪһüָʣʦĸ𣿡
ɶأֶǿԻûεģסʦĸһ㣬һˣʦĸͿˡʦɻ̾˿ֻСԴ˵ȥһ£Ȼ㡣
߰ɣȥٸ㣬еˡ˵תˣҲæȥ¥£ʦָɳԺọ́ȼһ˵˵𣿡
šҵ˵ͷ
ҺҼֵġʦ˵֮ǰ˵Щ£һЩǴţƣһЩʵĹ£Щ¶дС˵ˣ֮ǰˣһ㣬о㿴ģ槼ǸǰǴػԺͰȹӣԭҲǵġ
أʣΪʲô÷ӡأ
ûзӡʦҡҡͷ˵ʱһܵˣ񶫣ʱûһСɫҲû׷ɱǺ֪ôõһֵаúŪһа̵Ķ
ճֵʱǲû⣬йа̫ˣ˭ȥһΣһСֻǰǸ̵壬ǸаǺ̫үͳ̫үϵŴǾһΣҲ槼һֵ䡣
ΪţͨҲʧȥЩרӡģȻˣϾѾܳˣҪǱͨ϶ˣҲֻΪά
Ǹ񶫺ܴ𣿡ɻʣʦ;־ֳϵôãﲻþץ
죿Ըͨ˺ǶԸûκôġʦһ˵ҴţȷҵĶ֣ȻˣҲһֱѰҪҵķ
һֱزصģȵġʦ˵Ҳ¶˷ŭӣһȭ˲輸ϣֻ輸Ȼһȫˡ
槼Ҳܼꡣʦ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ʦлҰҵ㱨𡣡ҿʦ˵ʦƲһ˵ˣԼúöɣǼһɲܶԸģˣ˵ôҲһ꣬ɡ
ʦ˵Ժ˿¶Ц˵ˣѾҲˣտʼҲڶȥˣҲ侲ˡ
ҵ˵ͷʦҲҵԴ˵ɱǼһĶˣ֪˾˵֧ӣܳ
ˣҲˡʱʦĸҲˣﻹŲˣ˵ϽŪˡ
ŶŶõϱʦƨվƨƨߵųȥˡ
ҿ¥üͷ̾ʦһ˵е㲻ͨˣͷۣҡҡͷôҲûãͻȻַʦǰҲʼʱҴúʡ
ˣϽҵգʦÿγԶ˵óԡʦĸ˳˷˳кҲæȥϴ˸֣ȻͿʼعһԣġ
ó𣿡ʦĸʣҿһʦȻ˵ʦ氮ʦĸɲôôѳԻóԣ氮
ʦεҶС˵ȿȣ˵óԻᱻġ


073 ʦĸ
ʲôطιû˰ҿ˿ΧһƬڵɭУҵͷһҾȻһĹװҴʱһɫ磬ֵĴžڵɭäĿ
ͻȻɭֵһһӦǹݵһϲ֪ΪʲôڵɭˣѰķ˹ȥûãһߣһͤͤðɫɴֻһӰ浯١
ܵϣͤȥˣһһڴ󺰣ι⵽ʲôطôͻȻˣ
ܿҾܵͤˣ۵ģɫɴ濴澹ȻһװŮڵ١ҿģߵɴߣ֣ɴ

ͻȻҾ˫ۣһӾһʦȻԱߣҡҡͷΣ̫Ѩ̫ˡ
ѣѣСجˣʦʣҵ˵ͷѾʦס˰ˣ£ΣιˣһƬڵɭֲϵܣͷĺˮһյţ¶ȾͶʮȣôôູˮһоġ
ԡ̾˿ǰʦңҲ͸˵ֻجˣʦüͷһ壺λô
ʦ̫ʵˡ̲ס˵˳֮ǰ˵оǸجΣûɶСֵģԽԽʵˣرﱼܣڶоۡ
ʦһ˿۹⣬ʣʲôΣ
֪ҵһξڸɭ棬ܵһ¾ѹˣʱҲûע⣬ǰҲƬɭһֱתڸղţɭѰȥȻǸװŮһСͤ٣ûӣͿ쿴ʱ򣬾ͱˡҳ˿˵̫ʵˣҾ͸оʵһ
𡣡ʦĿһۣҼ˵ٺú˯һɣ㣬ˣֻǹΰˣںſջҲҵˡ
¿ɲȼٵģʦһֱѰҺſջֻҪҵҾ͵ȥſջ֮ѰĴˡ
ʦְο䣬תͳˣҿʦȥ̾˿ͷ˴ϣȴûһ˯ţԴеľ󣬻ǸŮӣоŮеĸоѵһ飿ҡҡͷҿƯӶоǸŮҵŮ񣬲Ȼû⿴ʱĳǸٵŮӲɡ
Ҳ˯ˣڶľͱĥȥˣʦһϤͰҶǶȥæȥˣԻҵȥΪûйô
һTһţпŶȥԺʦʦĸѾʼˣȻŪʦ飬ʦĸǮԭʦʦĸŪģԹʳжһιʦʹȻĿйˡ
ǰҲʦɵģʦ˵ܲʦĸӰɣǵ䷶ˣʵӦʦĸͿ˴ɡ
СС͸¶һ£ұΪʦĸôôҲ֪ΪʲôʦĸİҵһȻҲɣÿ˵͸ĸαһÿκ˵ᣬǰͼʦĸҺʦȥ֣и˰ʦײû˵Բ
ʱ֪Ϊʲôʦĸ鲻̫ðɣ˾ʹһ٣ʦһûȥȰҲһװ˵ıδ󺺣ʦĸһҰɣǸʦĸ϶߲һغϵģһβСĲſʦĸһ̩ȭȭ֤顣
ҵʱһ£Ǻ˼϶߲˼غϵġ
˵ˣһʦͺͽܣϽģߺӵĶȥиݣҲ͹ȥһ¡
æһСᣬ˺Ȼʦĸ۵ˣŸëҲ˲Ȼʦģͽôû۾֪æ𣿡
ǰϱⲻǶúãȥȥʦʦĸһȭͷˣææȥģʦĸҵ̨ſյŶʦæ
֣ʦ·ˮʪʦĸһ㲻۵ģ㺹ͺ۵Ҫ
æ꣬ʦĸЦеˣʦ۵ſԱʣϱǸǲõΡ
֡ʦĸƨһţȻҳɶˡ
ʱҺɻ󣬲֪ʦĸΪɶôҡֱܾԺףʦʦĸǲкӵģôңİҵӿʱоŤоʮ꣬ҵӿҾͲоŤˣΪɶǺ󻰣ڲǡ


074 㣬ʵ
˶ʮ죬˵ʦʦĸǸʦҲô࣬ǵúüΰҹҷҳȥΪɶʦĸͬȥֻĵġ
ʱиֻҪ£˵ȥϷˣȻһ˵Ȼ£ҺʦȥϷˡ
ʦʱCFʱ򴵵ص˵ʲôйһLOL˵ԼǹһеAPףAP׳ʮͣԱ߹꼶Сѽôñġ
ʦĸǰ˵Ƣػ𱬣һ۸ʦԶ˵ȥϴʦӢ˱СѧŰˣʦ㶯ˣŲû֣۸ʦĸϷʦĸʦĸһоԼί˾ʦЩһ㿴ʦĸʦ׺ݵĳ̶ȣŵתߡ
ʦҲʼҽĹ£ʦĹº˼˵ĹдһС˵ʱ־ȡС̸վ˵Һˣ17KС˵ע˸׾ŵı
һ£ҸͶصıһ¡ʱĶ˵С԰ʦдС˵Ҫֵ֧İɣ
֧֧֡
VIPˣܵÿɡ
ҪҪģ١
֪ǺΡ
ţʦˣʦڷܡĬĬᣬǰʦϷȻԱߣҾ飬ȻҸдֵС˵ʦһϷһҰæдС˵࡭
ĺ˼Ҳܶݣڶʮһϵʱʦҵҡ
ʱʦŽˣһ˵ʦˣȻȥĥһʦĸ֪
ǣ첻ĥˡʦҡҡͷһϲʣʦķˣ
ӵģҸҵſջˣŵǵַʦݸһַȻ˵ȥ֮ǰõװ
ʦ㲻˵־ͺܰȫû˸Ҷҵôʡ
ȿȣָǺ̫үĴɫһЩСϺײʶңûһǺΣգʦһ¡
ʣֱӸҾͺˣȥҴɶ
ʦƨһ˵ȥȥ£ôɶ˵ˣ֮ǰŷԲȥⲻûȥôЩһԼȳֻ׷ϵġ
һԼȳ׷Ŷ԰ɡҡҡͷʦLOL߻ħˣʦϻôࡣ
ͻȻʦɫˣ֪ղŶʦ˵ģһʦ˵µʱɫ˵һʵΣأû˵ôɣرǺſջϴ󣬺һһ
ҪұĽôӾһʱʦóһţƵĶȻ˵ʦXX
ڴʦʱʦȴ˵еģҲУţҲУΣվͲۣȻΪʦҾʹ͹
ʦá˵ڰ룬֮ǰʦĸʦȥҽԺȥɡ
ַˣĴϳһжɽĵطʦȥ֮ǰôҲҪȥһˡ
ʦ͸ҶûƱʲôģʦĸҵ˻ʦĸͶӶѧһ᲻õӣȻỹҪֱ𰡣ʦʦĸķֱԺ̤ǰɶķɻ
ɻˣұ۾ĵ˯͵˳ɶճͿ˴ǻķ˹ȥ³ȴǴ壬Ǻ˼˼һƤ£ͷԵؾ
ëٿ۾˼ҿ۾ϽϳҶȼٺúõģҹæȥ
ŶŶϳԺ󣬺˼Ϳųÿȥڳ뵽ʦĸʦģٿ˼ӣ̲ס̾˵㰡ʵҲġ
𣿡˼ֵĿһ˵ǵڶ˵ˡ
һ˭ֵʣ˼˵ӵһȥ׾ţԺһĿᣬüٲ뷨ء
ȿȡҵʱǱǺ˰ɣҡҡͷû˵ӺܿͿãѾȺˣһ³ЦĿʣء
ŶŶæóšݸ壬ӹԺ˵ͷЦеĽӹ˵ȥſջļһѾ׼ˣСһӦûġ
ǰ壬ôˣֵʡ
Це˵ӣȥָˣ˼ⲻܱô
ң£˼һ¾ͻôţﻤ㣿ھǼ֣үġ


075 ϳ
˵㲻ܱңֻǺſջɽ棬кܶӰʲôģ룬ϻôӣȥ˶İԲ˼мＸҲ֪ģûΣջãҪΣȥҲɶáȻ⻰ûҸ˵ҡ
Ҫ̫Ϥˣһһȥأ˼ȻװͰ͵ģʵĳŸȥðա
ӵô壬ߣüһȻͳ˼ң˵ȥҡҡͷȻҪȥðգҲٶȰˣã滹Ǹϴβ࣬ܶء
İ칫ңʹ칫һչȡһɫĴӣ򿪴óѺɫľ˹˵ʦ׼⣬ľ
ҽӹһľľȻģľᣬľҲܹ⻬ͮͮģҪ֪ľʵģΪȾѪıء
óĴָСӨ͸ĵ飬һ˸һţҽӹڱӱţе㵭̴ľζҺʣɶ⣬ͦġ
Ǻ˼ɫȴһ䣬æ˫ֺʮǿӷӷ𡣡
ȻСİǿӷŽĿڴ棬忴ӵ˵ͷ˵СԣպžУҲô࣬ǺöͶˡ
šҵ˵ͷ˼ģӦʲôķɣҪ̸֪ɮķһ㶼ǴСỻģŷ˸ɮ꽲ԣһּͻ㿪
ķЩʮǮʮǮķƨǣʵҲûһ˵ʲôܿͻжԸЩþ𾭵ѬղŻľ߷ԡ
һ˵Ŵʦһӵķ޼֮ʦҲóŷ飬ʦԲ֮÷ᣬ水һһķףǰһһġ
һлϾͻᱻ£¹ֲĸ߹ٸߣȻլ
Һͺ˼ȥ˶ٻԺúǮʮšľͷ飬ӦҲԶһˣ뵽Ҳİ˲١
Һͺ˼͸˴壬ȥվǰ˳ɶϳУĵҵʱҺͺ˼˱㵽ϳУϳͦģĴʡĳС
ɽϳжһɽҺͺ˼վԶһƵ꿪䷿øǮʱǺ˼ģǮҲͲٿˣϾǻ쵰ʦҲ㻨ǮڽһֱǻԼǮҪǻسɶĻƱʦģҶܶˡ
ƵǴǵģͦģͦõˣҲյӣԡ׶УҺ˵ֱûϢ
ҲѰ˷ϣͷ˯Ͼ˺ܾõĳҲȷˣԺĵ绰ˣһʱ䣬Ȼʮˣ绰Ǻ˼Ҵģҽ绰˼ڶ˵ѵģô˵ȥ·ͳȻȥҶɽ㿴ڼˣ
Ժ̫Ѩ˼ķҶ棬ʱʱȷ˵һҾ͸ˡ
˼˵˾ԲȻ·Űʹ˳ȥ˼ʹ·ˣ˼ʱʹһɫĽƤ£͸Ӱһ
ҾЦ㣬㴩ĵӰأ
˼ƲһʣѲɴ
һԼţпTûɶֵİǸоͦõģˣұŰͺͺ˼߳˾Ƶ꣬Ȼ˸ʿҾ˵ʦȥɽ
ȻһɽҲǺԶһ˵⳵ʦ֪ģ⳵ʦʮǣû뵽ʦһɽɫһ䣬ֵĿʣҹȥɽʲôڿɲɾ
ֹءʦһ߿һ߸˵ԭϳǰһʱ侭ڶɽʧ٣Ȼʧ죬һɶǻɷףҪһֲǵԼ⼸ɹʲôڶר˾Ѫء
Һͺ˼Ժһۣͦģе㲻֪ø˻Ǿ£˵ǣǼôһܵõ𰸣µľЩֿ϶ҪŭЩСƾ͵ôˡ
ҪһҲͺˣڻһ˼ҪһĻҲεģҲ֪˼ʲôҡҡͷų⳵ҹĲȥЩ


076 
ɽǺܴҲ׸߰ɣڹٵϣҪһǿ³ӵС·ܵɽţɽϵһƬҲûʲôɫҲû￪ʲôξ֮ģƽʱҲû档
Һͺ˼³ɽɽȥһ⶷ɽϵɭֵͦïܵģ˵ǸɽҲܴҾʣɽôôҺſջ
⻹򵥣˼һ£ҿ˿ʣɽϸûʲôֵĵط
ңһ£̧ͷɽϿȥһ濴üͷɽһطܡڡҲ˵ָоôݣʵҪ˵ʱʮˣɽϺںȻ¹ⲻ󣬵طٻе⡣
ҿǸطȷʵһƬȫȫڣΧľҰĸ˼һ˵˼˵ˣ·
ȻҾʹź˼Ƭڵȥɽͣкܶ·ɽһЩСҺͺ˼ɭ˰СʱûҵƬ
ȴȵķ֣Χĳڵ֣еĸоȻ쳣ƣΨһͬĹƾߵĺ˼ˡ
˼ֵʣҸʲô
ûʲôҡҡͷȻͺ˼˴ӣͻȻһ׵ϴ£¡¡ľȻˮ
ԲۣʱȻˡҴ˼ҲüͷҺͺ˼Ҳûʲô˼ʲôſջˣҸɽͤꡣ
ǰи
Һͺ˼˰죬ͻȻҶ߾ʹ˼ҳź˼˵ķȥָȥⳡȻһģһие֣æס˺˼϶⡣
֮ǰʦ˵˺ſջòһ㣬ú˵Ǵܵģȥ˼Ҹҽ䷽ģæ˫ֱȭǸ׾֮ͽ»ԣǰݷúſջ
Ҹһ꣬ͻȻһӾͣˣּ˿磬ϵĿҶסҺͺ˼ߣæץס˺˼֣߲¾ҪץסԷ
ԺǸȥǸȻʧˣȡ֮һ¥ĹŴջ
ջ㣬ܴǽڶúɫͿˢϻźͮͮĵʱӴȥ¥вٵġˡںȾ죬쳣
˼ɿҵ֣ü˵ӦþǺſջˣ߰ɣȥ
˼ǰں󣬾źſջȥ
ߵſջŻʮԶʱͻȻſջĴžȻˣһһװŮ˳
ŮӴһۺɫɴǰһƬ׻棬ŮҲǹŵױӦʮңζһ˵ĸо
ŮŤ̵ľߵǰŮӸһ߽ҾŵһɵζæһסӣжŮҸһҲҿ³Խȥ
ǰ˵еŮòһһЦܹȥ˵Ļ꣬ǰһ᲻ţҿǰŮҾˡ
СһİɣҪĻôҲܲģζûġŮЦ
ŮӵĻüͷǱȭ˵׾ͽܣ»ԣ֪ǣ
ﰵʦĴһҪðҷĵǣŮһʦ֣Ц˵ԭ׾Ŵͽܰݣ㣬槼û𣿡
ܺúܺãÿԵñ˯ñ㡣һŮӽʦĸʱ˺ܶ࣬Ůӵ˵ͷŵºˡ
áҵͷԱ˵ʼҶûкۿһۣЦ˵㵹Ǳ׾С˼ˣСӵһҿˮˡ
ʦæ䵽˵ҵ۾ģẦġ
ҵ˵ͷں۾һۣһ۾ҶʱҲƽһˣڿҲûеһۿʱôˣǸоƽ˺ܶ࣬оǸŮ֮ǰǵĸо
ܲôʹӻгˡͷ䵽ԭǺһֻ˵ģһЩ˶˳ԣֻжǿ˲ܲӰ죬ҲΪһʼҿûԣ֮ҿ۾ʱѾˡ
źͺ˼˵ʦѾ߹ˣǺſջĶңҲżſջ꣬ϴǰҲ֪ܲܽ仹ǵÿôϴ˵ҲֻǴӦʦŮӲ˺ϴҪɱҿסġ


077 ֵҪ
ҹ˵л˵ҲһȣǰŮӾȻٶˣҵθ񰡣һվǰġ
￴ҹӵ˵ͷתźſջȥﻹҽȥɣǵýȥԺҪ֣ҪȶֹЩֵĻҲᱣ㣬ǺſջĹأҿɲ㻵صġ
Һͺ˼˶һۣû˵߽ջ˵ջͦɾģһ͸ŴϷԺһܶܶ࡮ˡںȾ죬ջ滹һ̨̨滹һȺˡ治֪ʲôأе񾩾硣
Һͺ˼һ߽ȥʱԭĿջһӾͰ۾ˢһ¾ͳҿ˹һ۵Ĵ󺺿ˮһ¾ҵ͸һ
ʲôû˰￴ȺֵͺǳԶһ־ЦȥĹһСӰСӻǸУӦò
һġһ䣬Ȼͳ˵߰ɣȥ¥ϴ󡣡
˵ͷҲصĴҺͺ˼¥ȥ¥µЩˡȻҶһ޲ð˵ģΪɣǶûҶ֡
¥Щֲ̫࣬ҲҪ˹˹һЩˣǵҵĸоֵĻ¥ģ򣬶¥ЩĶŵˣһҲǿҺͺ˼ֱӾˣȻǸġ
Ҳ֪һ¥Щֶûʲô򣬸ոճ͵ģҺͺ˼ֶܴһ¥Щֲ࣬ûҷ
ʵλоֻ᲻̫ˣϲֺٵôȷڵֵȷ٣һͶٶҪȡľѪ޳Σνֳˣȡ˵ľѪܶࡣ
ڿǷᣬƶȲֹԸ࣬ͬԸЩֻ֣Ҫ˾ѪͻץֵץȻץֵĸһɱЩ֣ſջһץֲܹܵĵط˾Ѫ֣û£ץֵץģѣȻЩҺ֪ġ
ҲûкֱӴҺͺ˼¥¥ܴһȣǶҺҵķ䣬ͷǸ̫ķ䡣
ָžͷķ˵ԼȥɣȻѾ͵ҾͲˡ
ţлһȭлȻóľ֣һа￴ó˵㲻ôСĵģϴҪɱĻôҲӲģǽȥú˵ɡ
˵Ժת¥ˣĻͿ˺˼˼ȴľ˵Լһ㣬һǸɱҲһֿҲûС
šҵ˵ͷǰ棬СȾͷȥܿ߹ȣǰž͸ձе񣬾ǿƵ֣ƿţһģͻȻڵٴҸ˼ûӦͻȻͱٸȻٸ˽ȥ
ʱҲֻǰסҺͺ˼˼ľ󺰣ն˵ľһն˰סԼ٣ҲæľʹٿȥȴһöûС
ȥƨð˼նԺΪڵϹ˼ȦԺ󿴵ҵģ
һҲæ۾ľȻ𵭵ĺ⣬ٿȥξȻ͸жһɵľж١
ҳϵ٣ҿ澹ȻģʲôҲⲻϴķôȻ֣Ǳȭ󺰵׾֮ͽ»ԣǰݼ̫ǰ
һһ˵꣬ڰУͻȻֻ֣ˢһ¾ץסҺͺ˼Ĳӣ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûоͱֱֻܿ͸һ
̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ڰУһɳƵҵʱָֻסѾʼˣæ˵̫ǰ׾ͽܣǰݷ㣬Ҫѯʹһ£ϣǰܰҽ䡣
һ˵꣬˫ֵҲҺͺ˼ǰ̫꿴һ߸߰ɣһĺɫӣλ
̫ˤϣȻָź˼˵䣿û⣬ɱҾ͸䡣


078 Ҿܾ
̫Ļסˣɶ⣿Ҳ̫ˣⲻǵӰﾭֵľôһжˣɾͻɱǵѣȻҩҲ̫˰ɡ
Уһɡҡҡͷź۵̫¸µЦһʣѵ䣿㣬Ǽʮаµ䣬ҪɱŮľͿԽҪ´򲻹ҿ԰ȻɱҲУôðɡ
һҡͷ治Ҳ䣬ҲΪҪɱ˼ŲͬģһҲɱ˺˼Ժһһܸҽ䣬ڶǺ˼㻻һɱһҲģʲôƨΪʲôģҲҰɣȻһӴ˺֣ܶһǸͨˡ
룬ֻܻ꣬ͻȻɱһ֮ܶܶ꣬ɱ˲᷸᷸û֪Ըðգ㣬ǸƷŮҪĳ
ʲôѡأ
ҵѡǾܾ˱Եһѡ˷ƶ񣬵ţƱȶࡣ
Сӣе̫꾹Ȼһ˵ԭһʼֱɱģǿҸıˣСӸҼסʲôʱֻҪŮͷңҾ͸䣬ָʦʦطܴңſջǶҵģҹȥɣסʲôʱıŮͷҡ
˵Ժ̫һӣҾ۾һڣ˹ȥ
۾ҿ˿ҾȻڶɽ棬һԱߣ˼ұأҡҡҲԺҿ£ͻȻͳҴȥָɱңǲͨõġ
֣Ҫͨ㻹ܻôȥҸ˵꺮˼һҶ˹Ҿס˶ӣ˼һߵҶ۵Ҫ˼۵ܣһ£վ˵СӻеģûĹΡ
Ŷӵʹ˵ģɶʱĹιˡ
˼ûлشңֵʣ˵Ϊ첻ɱǵɱң֡
ֻ˵ǵӾ翴ˣģ˵ӾЩ̬ɰɡȻҵʱûɶﻹеϧģԭΪܵõüͷˣû뵽Ǹ̬
Ҿͺͺ˼һûһţϳȥʱҲϰ˵ˡ
˽СʱҺͺ˼ߵϳУһ·ԭҲкܶҴҺͺ˼Ϊ⶷ɽֹ̫ԭɡ
ȵϳжʮˣҺͺ˼߻ؾƵ꣬ƣĻϢһԺ׼·ϴ˯أ˳ִ·֮ǰҵǿŷ飬룬ƨ飬ֳץʱһʱ˳ָ˵ģ룬ô˵ҲǴҵ⣬պðɣ´λǡ
ǰľϲòУ̫NBˣʱһ͸жˣҪһ̫꿳ȥܲŪѾģҡҡⷽûлʵˡ
Ҿ˯һ𴲣Ȼ͸ʦ绰ߵʦʦǸֵ̫ҪԺҲǺɻ󣬸ҲҪ嶯ûҵķˣǲܻʮ꣬ʮ꣬꣬أԺеǻᡣ
ҲоģһҲ˺ܶ࣬ʦ˵ѧһ£Լǵ棬ŻؼңҲӦ
ڶһҺͺ˼ʹȥɶʱ͸ϵ˳ɶҲڳɶվȺˣ³Це߹ʣջΣ
ƨջɱ˺˼͸ҽ䣬̸Ŵ˵Цֿ˺˼˼˵Ҿ͸оûмô֣ԭһֱΪҺˣû뵽ǰץĶСèСϻǵʸ񶼻ûУһüŬˡ
ҲֻЦһ£û˵˴Һͺ˼¥µʱҾͿ¥һéɽӳ»ԣéɽʦ㺮˼ڱ½ڱΪǽ֡
滹Һͺ˼ƬأһﻹŷŰľ˵ģҵôûûۣƬһPģϻкüŶأƬҵǹ覣һ覴öûСҾʣ尡Ͳéɽ鷳ô
ɵ˵ĸéɽɽĴʦڵģ鷳ʲô


079 ˧
ʦǲǱһܲرƨɣۣѪء
һͷ˳ѩʣҿһ˵˵¾ɡ
첻֪ô£ƨɾȻϲѪͷ˿ʼ
ھҴӺſջҲʮˣҺͺ˼˴ÿʼϰ࣬ҲǸ
˵Ϊʲôܶϲҵˣҵ򵥻ǱҵĲ˵ǰͷˣĻ̴ҽԺٿͽˣ⣬㲻ܰĳȥô
һ˵ЩҲͼοѡ
ʲô¶һȵı飬Ŵ۾˵ԩҪû´һѪˣ԰ɣ
ɲҲ£һսҲǴ̵ģѪ˼ǿɾ͹ˣǷ£ɱˣŻ𣬾һ㶼ԺǼѪˣȻ̽˵׳ʲô¡
ʦӢԭǸӻеŰɣС˵ǰҷǰϼһǸƭӣҾͻǮ˴һ٣˭֪ôᣬһ¾ͱˣɹҰ
ҵһϻǵı˵ӷգʩɱɱΪףֻԩͷ֮վɥ֮ʱ
Ҹ˵ͺˣ̵ģҸ˵ʲôӷ𰡣ڿéɽӰҪһﷴӦҪ˴ô
һҲǱŵˣƨɴ𣺡ʦƨˣ
ϽȥҸűӣָŲԶĲܽȥҡҡͷ
ʵӻ̫ģҪǰ캮˼һеǲŽһ⣬еĶʮɣһͳź˼ֶۣŵģú˼һ٣ʵ˲٣Ȼ˵ԼαŮǿ飬Һ˼
ʱҾڳأҾ˵ⲻôǸǾ˵εĶٶֶλŮһȷ㶼磬ÿǼֱǲҾ徣ʹ
»кܶ࣬ԭһΪݻأһϰʮģеһ˶ûһһҲǴ
ҳȥ˵̴ҩŪϵˮ㻭˼ŷǸû¾һƨϣ⼸̴ҩŪķһһһࡣ
Ǽһߵʱ򻹻ϲصģһ˵ллʵôҲһˣݸĲʲôݣһѯ˵ҽԺҲɣĶйﺦ£οģ߾еССʹǹֲǣôȥ
Ǹһʱ䣬ʮˣߵ˼ϰİ칫ңţ˼QQأһһֻ˵ϾǴʦԲһֱӡ
Һͺ˼ҲûɶûʣֻǴÿԣ߹ȥһ˼С۾أҽûע⵽
ʮҺͺ˼Ҳһ棬ŷ̫ϲQQˣҼõģʮ䣬Ҳִ˲ƣ
Ա߿һᣬ˼ȻˣҾЦ˵߰ɣȥԷɡ
̵ܳġ˼һۣ˵һ·˵Լ칫ҵĲȥˣҺšأνʵһɫĵۣ˼ÿγŶỻ
ҵͦϲģ۴ͦʣܿ캮˼߳ˣʹһɫıĺһţп㣬ĳõΡ
Ӷɳˣ˼Ҳһ㲻һųҶҽıס˶ӣˣҺͺ˼תҪߣͻȻʹһ˵
Ǻ˼ʦ𣿡
дԣתͷһָȥȻһ˧Ү߱۾ŸɫѼñһɫƤ£ʮɡ
˭˧粻ð˧Цһ£ȭź˼ʣǺ˼ʦ𣿡
ָȥȻң˼ʼָ˵Ǻ˼Ҳǡ
ǣ˼ʦŮ𣿡Ǹ˧ɻʡ
Բа˼һ˵¸Ͻ˵ųȥԷء
ҸéɽλʦڴˣλȥҼҿһ·ˮλһ˧翴ͦгġ
аǮ˵˼˧ʡ
˧һЦóһп˵ˬ죬ʮ³֮ʮ383838
ǵַϣλ֮ǰ˧˵Ժת뿪ˡ


080 
ҿǸ˧תˣЦ߸˧Ү
˼ƲһûϢҪôȥ̩ԣȻ޸¡
̰Ƶôʼ磬ͺ˼ȥԷˡ
극ԺҺͺ˼Ҳȥ˴칫ҰˣпˣҲû˵ɶȥƵǮ͵ˡ
㣬Һͺ˼˾ʹۣҴǰľʮš䡷˳ִǿɷ顣
ȥ֮ǰҲһ˧ҵıǸ˧ǿ׽ɽǿǸ߸˧ϾͿʼ̣һ۷ʱӵʲⲻ֪ΪθɶǮڶ˽ʲסڳɶǶһ֮ڡ
Һͺ˼򳵣֮⣬ϸ͵ĶŶԣܹϣ滹кܶ١
Һͺ˼ʱˣҲˣҴź˼ߵſڣţܿһܼҴʮ˼Ҿʹš
λү˵Ŀ˰ɣܼҴ˻ʾҺͺ˼ȥ
ɶˣүҡҡͷ˽ȥһȥ͸о˲٣üͷ̧ͷһԭյء
Һͺ˼ɳϣܼҾ˵λԵȣȥҼүү˵ת¥ˡ
ӭλͻȻ¥Ͼʹǿǿһɫװæ˵λԷҪҪԵʲô
Ȼǿƶ˵ģ۾ȴֱĿź˼˼Ȼˣҡҡͷ˵ˣ̸°ɡ
𰡣һûأүȥұԳԡ֪ΪɶС۾ֱĿź˼͸оˬ졣ǿ鴤һ˵Сֵܣ⻹û
ֵܣʱ㻹ҳ´ʦû뵽һתۣͽСֵܡҿǿ
´ʦǿҲûЦһ˵ûҪǶˣҿùܼҸԵġ
ˡ˼ǿʣɽүأΪʲô飿
˵£λͻȻ¥һ˵̧ͷһһʮ˰ɣһɫɽװŸȾߵҺͺ˼ǰ
˼Ҳ֪Ϊʲô£˼żɽ˵ɽЦһ£Ƕɳϣ̵˵СﲻҪżҼҹܼ˵ˣټһǧɣǲҼӳʲôˡ
˼˵ͷѯǸܼңԭǰǸܼʮʱͻȻԼƯŸӰһֱôҪ֪Ǹܼҿס¥Ҳǿտյģϵܲ˶ɡ
Һͺ˼ԺɻҪ֪޷Ǿ飬һǱ𣬵ǿǸûֱӽܼңųһԩˡ
ԹžйֻҪԼԩģûбĻͻҵһæ
ҾͳǸܼʣ㿴Ǹʲôʶ𣿡
ǸܼҵɫҲǺܲ԰ˣǻʲôŵİɣ˵ûУûǸоǸϤǲ֪Ǹ˭
Ǹܼµ˵ǵ˵˭ĻеүҺүСһ𳤴󣬸ò
֡ɽŹܼҺ𣿡
ǲǣҺүСһ𳤴ͬ㣬ֻ˵ѡǸܼæ
Һͺ˼һۣ˼Ҳüͷ˵Ҳιһ⣬ǲʲô⡣˵תӵйܼҲȥ˼·ȥˡ
ͻȻʹ˾ҵʱǿɽɳȲأͻȻʮŶ룬ǹǴ󺰣
Ŷɽüͷһ˵֪λ㲻˽լ
񶫣Ȼ˻ѣͻȻʹ󲽴˽ɽ˵
񶫣һ񶫲ǴʦĸǸаͷͷôһ¾ʹɳϱ˼
ɽûжЦһ̧ͷŴʣ־ϣоϵҲ񰡣ҿɽҲеλˡ
ҪһֱԹԶһҲ㣬Ǹǿϵ»ǣȷ̫ˣûκεȴָһ㣬ɽǰѾûˣȴ»ǹȥٺ٣СͶܲˡ˵ͳһľֳЩ˵˵ǳȥץŲóġ
ЩȥԺ񶫾վЦ㣿ƾʲôץң
ƾˣƾҵۣ˵һֻ۱˴ɫһֻ۱˴ɫ


081 ϻ
иȥġҿ۾һһףǴ˵еۣҿƲһ۵֪ʶںܶ˶ΪˣǾˣ治֪˭˵ģ̫ûʶˡ
ʵ˿ףͱңʱ˵ͣùĳˣˣ벻ѣⲢֻۣǵùѣ۷ΪһһΪأΪץӵ۵һǵţҲǼ
һ˵Ҫѧץ͵Ҫһǲ¹ȻһǿĥģڶҪʦţͺñ統ʱŸǱ飬ʵץһƪ飬ҪүͷԣҲҪ츳û츳һҲһõķ
⣬үͲͷˣͼȳˡ
һҧָѪֻһ̫ͼӡаץնȻһƳ񶫴ȥһҲӴ񶫡
Ҳɫһ䣬ȻͳһɫСᦣȻŻ˼£ﻹ߶ͻȻһʹСӿ˳ͬʱĻʮֻ
һͱŵˣȥǶһֻҶһܴƽʱһһֻϣһֻ͸ըһһʧˡ
ٺ٣Сһﱾ¼ΧžֻȻŴܹȥҲ£óһľͺ񶫴˾ʹⲫʵ񶫿ʮˣʮĴĶ֣ΧֻæȻѹŴ塣
ҵʱɳأ鷢̫ͻȻˣŷӦһǿСŵ񶫵ķȥһ֪һ϶ɶ⡣
ҳһžȥߵˣ룬ҶԸɽǼһԸС֣ǿһҲ߻عˣͷſңһҾ໽еľȭͷ
ҸҴƱһߣˣȭͷؿģ˼һûУǰһᱻһӣʱ亮˼û¾͸ѾӣҵĿ͸˼ˡ
ȥġҳĶʹľȥıס˶˵ϣͷǴ󺺣۾ùĹĵģŸָĳ㣬㣬㾹ȻҴң֪˭𡣡
СүҽզˣֵľСүҵ˵ֳȥţҪ뵽ǰ̵ģӶҲǰ̵ˣɲܸˣ˭֪˶ء
ӿ޿ľʹӿ㶵óһŹֵİɫСƿﻹʲôҿɲӾЩһõ˷ŴУȥؿһţȴûͣһֱ
Сƿ˵ҽһ֣Ӧô
Ӵ٣ȥμأҿһ˵үүҾӦ
»ԣһ￴˵Ļа˭֪ʲôааû뵽ͻȻУ»үү
ιӹԡʶľ˵ȥˣǰᾭǣһ˽үүϾͻشιĶϰˣû뵽ӾȻô
ͻȻСƿӾƮһɺҵı˽ȥһסӵģϧûüҾͳʲô⣿ܳ
ŵľվҵ͸һһ㶼ûղŽүүеУһԺģ˵ϻ棬ŴǻȻʳѪҺԽԽʱͻƸŶʹ
ܳôײУӣġұһָ˵Ǳˣ˵½ҩģղģ㿴㻹档
ߣҩҲ޷ϻϲԵһֳӣֻҪСʱ֮ڴӸŷһȥûôǿһЦĿҡ
ܳջۣѵҾջչ鲻
СӸղҲߵͦˬôС쳣ŵĿңȻƨ˵߸
һųƨɾȥܳûôҪ󡣡
һߵڵϣȻǸСƿӣںģǿܿ䶯ɶҲͣȻһƿӵĳȫȥˡ
ɵҪҩҩǿ˵׼֪ҵҸɵûϢҡҡͷ̾ȻŴ庰壬


082 ߶
ҺǿҲӦ˵һ浹ŰɣŰǿʱ򣬴˿ҲֳʤˣʵҲŴһֶӣЩ˵ʲôҪ켸ҹĳĸ֣ʵʮֽӽȻҲͷַӵѡ
ҵʱҲ˭ռϷ磬ֻɫ۾͸һһɫĹâЩһɫâɢʣ
ÿһδĶͷູܶˮҴһƣЩݣҲÿζ䵽񶫿ûʲô£ֻǶһѶʹ򣬲żҲȥʹС
־ϣסˣ֪ңο飿񶫳ŴЦһ˵Ȼ㣬ֻҪٲסһˡ
׾ˡɫ䣬ɫܽó߰˸˵ȻڲߣǾͰɣ򷨽ԷΪаΪ壬ţٹҹС
߰˸Сһ¾ˢˢð˴Χ¶ԭΪ֮ǰǼֻˣһҸоӦö¶Ӧһˣһ
оУҾû𣿡ҲǴ󺰣ʥ顣Ų֪ʲôʱͳһɫķ䣬ŷɵǰųһǿҵϹ⣬Щһգʱȫɢˡ
аɷʧԺϹŷҲɻ˴ʱɫѿ˼㣬԰ף۵һһѪ˵ϣæܹȥס˴塣
ҲǾȵĿŴ壬ͷ˵ԭΪҵĴо׾һû뵽ôǿҲԣҲ۵ˣ̫ˣҲ㿴ĵˣܼңŮĸҴɡ
񶫸˵꣬ͻȻǸʮĹܼҾͿź˼ˣ˼Ѿ˹ȥ񶫾˵µΪֹˣ׾ţһҪȡ׼Ůıι߶棬㲻Ͻȥ̳ĻˣҪ׷һҪŮӵ
˵תˣǸǿҲԹ޵ĿһۣȻɫԵĿ˺˼һ۲ĸ˳ȥǸܼҰѺ˼ɳԺҲ뿪ˡ
һ׷أû뵽һץס˵׷ˣȥС
ߵ˼ԱߣһҲ˼һ¾ͰѺ˼˺ˣȻµģȻһ졢ȡơ̡ࡢɫŻСĳȥģһ¾ͼˣԼ¸˺˼ϣ˵Ͻ˼ãʦӦѾˣʦϽ档
壬أҿŴʣҡҡͷ˵ҵȥһ˾֣ܲ·뿪ɣþ·ˣһҲ
šҵ˵ͷȻ˼ܣľҲͲˣ·˾˼ӹƲ֪ȥأҾ˵˼аˣȥãʦɫͱˡ
ڳɶʱҲ˽⵽ˣطĺܳ߹ٸٹˣ⳵˾ֱСûв֪ģ鶼ȥһԣҺ׼
ʦٶͦģԺ㶪˼ٳȥȻȥѾˣȴǿŵģһȥϢʦˡ
ʦʱһɫƤ£üأһ˾˵Ų輸ϣѾ֪ˡ
æѺ˼ŵ˲輸ϣʦæһѹ߳ҾʣʦҪô氡
զ¡ʦƲһۣͻȻҶӻгأҾ˵ʦҶҲг棬ϻ棬ô졣
ʦȭͷһȭҰ״ҶӴһۣʦ˵ȥ˲ˡ
Ҷ۵Ҫܳһͨ껹һ£Ǹϻ͸һģһǰɫģԺȥʦ׼أҾ˵ʦҲһȭͷͺ𣿡
㶮ƨ߶档ʦóһֽǮ˵ԩͷծǰϢˡȻȼֽǮһԣóһСں˼ӻһ׵ĿӣܿѪӿ˳
ʦҡﻹŲ֪ʲôܿ죬˼Ķһĳ˳龰͸ˮһ̫Ĵ̼ˡ
Һ֪߶澹Ȼ˵ɵаֻǣҪڶۼĻͻɢ綾˶ƨˡ


083 ˼
ʦȡ֮һŻƷһ𣬽ŵȼŷճ˻ҽҿ˾ֵʣʦֱӶͺôҪǣ
㶮ƨǳǣϽС˿ڣֹѪĵҺʹӻ˵ʦչԺ˵ͷųҷԸһ䣬תܳá
ҿʦıӰҡҡͷھУҲѧһЩ򵥵Ĵ˿ڣŪ˼Ӿ͸˼ˣȻ·ȻǾӣҲʲôСˣɳˣúϢһᣬҾȥһĨղź˼˲Ѫ輸͵ϺܶѪҸЩѪŪɾɨһ£ѾǰСʱˡ
ɳϸϢûһᣬͻȻ˴˽ʦʹ壬һһˣҲʮ꣬ʦǼɫ̫ÿһ龰֪ǿ϶û׷񶫣һҲ˵˵ˡ
»ԣˡʦ˹ָǸ˵з⣬ˣú͸һС
߽Ҳſ˿ͦɣģֲŭĸоһҾҵԴ˵˵СŸ˸ͽܣû뵽û˵СӻǾУģҵˣϰô
ʦͽ˵Сϸ¸˳ɶоֵĸֳƨأҵҪϰҲ
ʱ˵ɡҸЦһ£ֲһˣԭһΪһͨأû뵽ǳɶоֵĸְֳɾʹȥʦҴ˸к˾͵һС治֪ʲôȥˡ
ҾĵĴ˵ӣû뵽ǸѡĿʲôйʵЩѡĿģʵȲ˵ˣȵû£ҵôôǸйһھǲмˣڶھǸɽСӣÿγǿһ飬XXСɽ׿X
治ҿм˻˵ʲôҲȷԼĲܣ˲ΪʲôǾ͵ñд£ⶼѡСһˣ
ҡҡͷŵһѡָ˵ӵļͥޱ䣬ûнԼأҡҡͷص˵ӣ˼ʱҲˡ
ҶӺ۰û뵽˼һѹͺæܵԱ˵бУҹģ˲֪ΪҪء
ȥүġ˼ԭŶһʹģһҵĻ৵һ¾ͳ˹ٶ֮죬ֱˡҵĶҲʵˣҶ㲻˼ӣ˼ôʹ໹סʹ㣬ٲҲ̫˱ˣŲţŵġ
ҶӰһţú˼ȻһźͣϾҲǸԱƽʱѾ᲻ˣҳܵķΧˣ˼Ҳ˿ʣôˣҼǵõʱȥιǸͻȻ˹ȥ
Ҿ˵Ҹ㣬ԭǸɽǿǸܼǰ̵ˣɽǸħͷʱȥ֮ҾһҽС
ҼǵҺûа
㶼˵ιȥˣǵʲôҰһۼ˵ʱҾĵãȻ¥㣬ʱɽ¶࣬Ҫץʱˡ
Ȼס񶫺ǿҳ㣬û뵽ǸܼҲǸBOSSҺս߰ٻغϲž㣬һ˵أȻΪƾղһߵô
һû˵꣬ͻȻһѾӳ˹æԱһź˼ܳ˵ǧȷҾ㡣ʵ⻰û˵٣ҪǵʱϽź˼ã϶Σյġ
˼ҲңҡҡλεվҸæվס˵Ҫ˾ԼϢȥ£ɶ
׾ǲˣʱҸȥμӶԸ̵жʧٵģ֮׾˵һֱŲҼҡ˼ͻȻʦҲ˵ҶӣΪֻż
ӣһͷֵĿʦʦһ˵ɵġ
ŶŶ
˼ʦȥһҪȥμǸжôʧ٣쵰
Ҳü˵СˣҲ֪СŸʲôˣԼɶȥ𣿵ʱҲͻȻб䣬ͰǼųģҲǲǵˣ㡣
˼Żһ㣬ʦҲ˵ʵʧǰ̸ɵģǰץ϶ûΣյġ


084 Ҫڵ
ôûΣգ»Բ˵ǸɽҺͳ»֡˼ʦʣһҲһо仰ô˵ţ͵ǣҪǱһа̿ϣҪңǺΣգ
ʦȴЦһ£ҡҡͷ˵ǻǱϸ룬Ҫ֣ܵȵԸҲͷַӵ飬벻ɫĻ׽ǣһϣǱץеˡ
ʦŵ˵Ҳͬģ̿϶ᶯóԺúȵźţҪûҶźãҶҧԾͷ۵Ŀ񶫡
˵ԼôΪʲôֱӲ̣˼ʦʣʦָָɳʾ£ԺŻ˵̲ڲСսֱδţ˺ܶ䣬ҲŽķֻУ˵ʵھ׽񶫣˵ҩĻû취ܲɱɡ
ȻأȻץƳ˼ʦʣʦҡҡͷ˵˽ˣƲģҲֻѰøص߸ҽܲҵҩˣ˵ôҲûãͻɣʵϰˡ
ǰɣô졣ʵڻеϲˣûºƺˣȻͺ˼죬һ٣ʦЦ˵ҵеǻϰġ
ʦϾͺʹͷ뿪ˣʦ֮ǰ͵͵ĸһǮ˵Ǹҵ㻨ǮҲͦˣ֮ǰҾRMBˣˬûҵˣڶʦʹû
Һͺ˼һԼȥķɻƱʱ뿪˳ɶ֮ǰʦʹ˸绰𣬴޷Ǿ˵ЩҺúѧϰ֮Ļʦû¶ץҪûкôͲɣ£Ƶ£û·̹·ҲǺܺõΡ
ص֮ԭҵĴǻϼҵģϸһ룬ڻȥҲ棬㣬жʮͿѧˣ£֮ǰǸӻûأȻ˰ķûôס
ӾѧУԶһС˼˵˷Ҳ˵Ҫȥסԭ˼Ҳķӣ⼸ӵʱҪˣҵȻǸˣŮһסֶΪء
ȥ˼֮ǰǸӰĶȫ˹߽ӵʱǸ̾࣬뵱ҸսӵʱǸ¹С˿أڶǺаͷͷܵţƌ˿ˣ붼оԼǰˣԺ󿴵ı䣬ʱһء
ңǿǼ䣬˼һ䣬жŪԺˣܻԼӣѴϣȻó壬Ӹ⿪ˣս⿪ͳˣһ͸˵ıĵҵĴϻĹȥСһ
һᣬܵǰ˵СԸ磬ллһ档
ҺٺЦһ£Ҳе㲻˼СȻ˵ǹô˵ҲǸСӣСӵıԣһֱûб߾ͺܲˣҾ˵ҪϲĻԺס¾ǣԺĩҶסô
š˵ͻȻҵֻֻһȻûϵɺɺ
ҽ绰ЦʣС㣬кηԸ
ɺɺڵ绰ʣú𣿡
ð㣬˯ҵ˵ͷʣأ
̫á˵ԺĬһʣҪҪߣ
šҸо绰ɺɺʲôһ
ǾӶ԰ţɢɡɺɺ˵
Ҷϵ绰ԺҾͳ˵СŶŸڵĴ㣬ǴǺܱġ
Ŵ۾˵ͷ˵ӱȥһ㣬ŵ˾ˣҪһˡ
ȻǵøҴʳҰְǰҪҴʳġ˵
ҾֵʣһҪʲôʳ
Ҫ㣬ţҪʮǮһѵģҪ˵ģҪԽڵģҪ
ȥҽڣȥްĻ͸򡣡ҿűŸС죬һģҲΪʮǮǱˣͺ˵úúãǳԽڵģڵľǡ
ҡҡͷţȻȥ˼˸к˵ҪһˣȥģҾ˵ȥ԰ᣬҲû˵ɶһƤ¾ͳˡ


085 ϱôˣ
ʱѾˣ滹ͦȵģһѡһƤ£һīҪ˵ɺɺûа뷨˵ԼţôһεεĴŮ˭ŪůѣΪҲˣҸ˷ǸоƤ˧
ﵽ԰ŵһСʱĹʱϳʱһض飬ʱϳͶҵʱʮˣģһ˵ܣ
һ˵вУ̫ˣ
ÿζζˣ
ϻϺģҾһص֮
ʱ˲ͷˣSBĸϽͶң滹˵ϳأ
ԭʼվһʼҾһߵλǺûλˣһиҸϽͷл£ΧȺ˿ɵXһˣȻվʱѾкܶڳˡ
ĸǿ϶ָоرʮ˾ŶȣյҲ̫ʹ͸¯һ洩T滹׸Ƥ£ڹȺм䣬˼˵ģرԱ߻икŷ˸պҸǶҵģŪҲȥ˼ˡ
ҵ˶԰һ³˸ƨ󣬰ƤŵϾͶȥһԼ¶ˮʪˣգװXˣ̧ҪߣһʮĳǹָܾܹҶڵϵ·Һ𣺡أأҶǲǲǿǳǹܣ컯Ǭ֮¶
ǹܴ磬ҵ˸񵫲ҵѣҵѲòãǿ̫ҰزôΣùǳǹҲҪǲǡҼ·ͶһߵͰȻҲǹˣҲһٻһѳǹܴһ˭˵ȥ
ߵ԰ſڵʱɺɺѾˣɺɺһɫTһɫţп㣬һû˵߹ȥٺһЦ˵ӣôҳˣ
Ը磬ȥӾչ𡣡ɺɺЦһ£Ȼе㲻˼˵е㲻ãġ
ôˣѳˣ˵ҲûشǲӾȥˣܸܲΪ˹װXƤ£Ȼ˼İɡ
šɺɺ˵ͷü˵ɹģΪұٺͱеĽֱ
Һɺɺ˵Ҳ԰˽ȥʵĻش˵ҪôһƯŮҲ϶İҸоǺģҪҵĻ컹ø㣬ǲǺеļء
֪Ϊʲôɺɺһ˵ƯȻЦ˵Ȼأ
ҾЦ˵ŮѺеһҾָȻ㣬㣬㣬㾹Ȼҡ
Ը磬ǲһֱûɺɺֵ˵ҡҡͷ˵ˣ£ʵһȽںȽȣҴȵˡ
𣿡ɺɺ̾˿˵ҶʲôͺãǶԸ̫ⷽСˡ
ҵоһеĶС˵ں㣬԰ɡȻô˵ȴǸҶﹷյСǼ
ɺɺ˵Ը磬оãǸˡ
ӣҿɲ뵱ˣ˿ⲻʺҡҾ͸оŮһֵĶ˵һǺˣǶеûо˵һǻˣϲĲˣգ֡
ҺɺɺһûһأͻȻȺͳһʮ꣬ȻҶҶĻһɫװָָɺɺ㣬㣬㣬㾹ȻңҪֻ˼ڻڹ
Բۣ˵׼ȻƱȥҾȵĿҶɺɺ͸ӾһҶ˵ģ
ҸɣҪɺɺԸֱּһ䣬Ƿְɣˬ죬ǵýεε˵ʲôԽô˵Խý͡
ҿ쿴еĹŮѡҶﾹȻ͸Լ׶԰˶С컨һ±˲֪Դ̵һɵXΪоһҸо̸ôأ֡
йһ£ֳˣرɽ˺İΧҶͿʼɺɺİ£Ȼ߲ʲôʲôģһҶ֪飬ңҶоԼǸˡ
ͻȻ˼˳Ϲʲôô£Ťͷһ˼˹Ҫ˵ҵʱ˲˺˼˼˵ϱôˣ


086 
㲻˵Ѿ԰ɢɢⲻ÷ǻؼҳԷ𣿡˼§ҵ˵εҵһ£۵Ҳû
ҵʱ۵ýҧһʹģ۾۳ỨȻָҶ˵ûĵģԼС˵Һãһ˵˵Һʲôϵ
ֵܣǼİɣͻȻһһʣһĭ˵գҺò𣿡
治񡣡Χͬ˵ҿһ˵쵰̫ˣ۸ãһֻﰲ˵˵𣿡
˵ˣҿϱˡ˵ž§ź˼˵ϱɲò
⻰û˵٣˼òʣɺɺҪһ㣬رʣ֣ɺɺڼС֣ǱȽϲ˼ֵģͲײ
ҶҲͻȻֵĺ˼ȵˣֵĿңû뵽ôͻȻôϱڶû˵ӦԺҶҲˣҴ
Ҷպ꣬ͻȻС죬ﻹŸľͻȻͺ־ͱ۸˼Ůӣб
԰ɡ
ðĽ
ΧҲ֣ͬеÿǸҶЦһ³żС˵ǼȻСҲܲȫȻҳɼܺãһȭڴһ𣿡
һСĳź˼ʣǼΣ
ŶΡ˼˵һеˣָҶ˵ֵľͳ
Ҷ￴һҡڵ˳ŲӿңȻֹ˹ָ˼ȭͷȻ˳ȥ
˼иŮĳҴ򣿡ҶһǸ椣˵ôΪŮҾͲˣ
ϱŰ㣬ҳ㡣ҺٺһЦǿ˼ֵģ̩ʶѧĳƺˣں˼һоƨˣ˵ǰҶˡ
ڿǰԱߵɺɺҽ˵ŮѸϽɣȻҶڴ֤ǻǮģʵʵҲлƴʵˡ
ۣģЦˣź˼˼ȻһȭǣԼͬ׵ĶֶҪһǵģôǽͺڴŶκͻƴĲأ͸LOLǿߺһͭ弶Ӧòɡ
ȻҶȭһź˼˹˼һҶͱɨõڵϲܶˣҲǺų˼żž͸Ǽ̷ˣǿ˼սˣ̫ǿˣ⼸СȻһͷıըͷģһžʧȥսȷʮ֌ˡ
˼ǼԺҲЦæź˼֣Ȼɺɺ˵Ͻ߰Ÿɶ
ŶɺɺҲǴЦź˼־԰ſܣɺɺҲںһȥҾ˷ܵĳź˼ʣ㣬ôˣ
꣬ͻȻ˼͸һȭҴ߻صģ°ʣ㣬ûû㣬Ҹ
ղűҸ˼ң˵ԺҲ԰䲻аܳ
Сҵ˵ͷŤͷһɺɺҲˣҲģҾ˵ӣĻһƷУ㿴лǣ˵ˡ
ˣȻ𣿡˼Աɺɺһ¿ź˼֪ʲôҾָź˼˵ҽǣϱղϷء
ɺɺһҲЦ˵Ҷʵģٺú̸̸ɣҪôǿĻٿɡ
û£ǰɣ˳ˣڶУԺ˻˵ðҼ˵ڵҶɺɺɶ뷨ֻǶҶӲѣǶԼҲ̫ûˣҪ˧Ⱥܶ˶˧ĵģҽһװ˵ߣǮ˵еĸ߸˧ɺɺжӡ
̵ģⶼɺɺȥҪһǿľҲͰˣһû˧ûǮеӵĶϣԲԲԣޣ˿Ҳд죬˿Ͳݰ׸ˣ˿ͲϮڸ߸˧ǽˣ
ҸɣھͻһɌ˿ıɺɺҡͷ˵һǺúÿ°ɡ
ҲȰǳź˼ʣҪô죬ֲ֣
˴ңι˼û˵Ҿ˵õõãˣ̫Ѫȱˡ


087 绢
ҶôһɺɺĻ˼䰡ģ͸ؼˣ԰ſھֻʣҺͺ˼ˣҿŴľ˵ģǻؼҰɡ
Ӵ٣ɺɺ椳Ƥ¶ȣվһˣ˼һ⻰һɣʣҿһ˵Ȳȣһ㶼ȣȥģСܸ᣿
⻹࣬Ȼһӵġ˼ĵ˵ͷȻܵ˶԰Զһãʼ˷
йŮѳȥ־ĸҵʱĸܰɣЩŮģһ̣һ˰죬԰죬Ȼ͵ּۻ۰죬䲻򣬺˼ҹʮҵ꣬˹Ƶ߰ʮ·
ؼҵʱ۵ģᶫۣҲ·Ҫ۵ģ˵ЩŮĿʲôֱãȻǮ˲͵ˣ·͸սƬһսǶ£װҪߣƴʲôʱȥ
ر࣬Ϊ˽ʮǮܺ͵ʮӣҶǮﺮ˼ˣؼǺ˼ƽʱ뺷Ը·ʱȻȫޣ͸Ůһ
صҵʱߵˣҸоԼ˫ѾˣصԼ䣬һһ˳ܵǰסҵ½˵أأ
ȥǸˣ¶һǸı飬üӦüˣҲһֱԶŰɣرǿڴҾ˵ţ͸ȥȥղǴȥˣһʱԺû򡣡˵ҾóǮ˳ȥ
طأ߳СѾˣСһǺü֣ΧǴѧɣ⼸ȫʩʲôģҿ˿ԶиϴүųأҾ߹ȥԱʣү֪ط𣿡
˵Ȧ͵ܷӦһ㣬ϴүʮɣŴأŤͷžʣɶ
ⲻҼ˶ô˵ŷӦô˵ϴүҵ񲡵ģүͦģָŽֽǵһ˵ӽȥиСţиģͦаŵģġ
лү߽ӣͦģ׿ΧģһһȥߵмʱڷһɫľţſͦžɵģţͻȻžʹˣһʮɣĺ⣬ŰӣʹɫĶ̿㡣
أãүļһʣʲôģձѣ
磬ձѵİɡҺһ£˵磬ġ
ļһŲӿ˵ģҪڵĻǹİ
нڵġһ¡
ǿ϶İͷ̷۹Ķȫ˵ˣǸڳԵĶһκϵعͽȥڵ㣬ûļһҾʣô𣿡
ǿ϶İСֵܣ˵ļһָָ棬Ȼ˽ȥҲŽȥˣҽȥһطӦǸСרӡڤֽֽ˰оŪ֮ġ
˴һݸ˵ǽڵģһһ٣ˡ
ԲۣⲻͨҪһ٣ﲻȥһˣû뵽󺺲֪ʲôطóһѲ˵˵үүүүүүǸˣѪͳĲǽڵôٷϻǮˣǮͱˡ
磬ԣүɲԣǮ˿Ȼǿ׳ҲܿʮˣҲ̫ˣĴүһ˵ˣԹԸǮ˭ִ󣬶Բ
ա˵ʮǮٶˣٶĲ˵ˡ
ˬ죬ɽû뵽һӾͬˣȻݸңҲǮͳһʮĸҲڵѪգͷˣ˻
󺺿Ҳõģ˵һǿ˵ģԺ۸ͱҵĴסӽ绢
绢˵꣬ͻȻҸоΧһɺӵ¶ڼ½һ׿ණڸ绢˵йϽȥ˵˳ƾʹǮͳаСĿΧ
绢ҵĻһĻţ˵գ㶥סȥˡ˵תܳӣҿıӰҡҡͷҲָܸҽæҽҲСĿΧʲôʱණ


088 ɷ
ʵĺʺѧץΪĳˣĳʱ˵ܼͣһƾͺˣǿڤ;͵ûѲٵĹ򣬱ڼ۵ţᣬֻǲãЧ̫õҶЩ鷳
СĿܣһҲҴĴ⣬ȻԼаţҲôЩֲУֵܶٶ죬Ҵ֮ǰǾɱҡ
ͻȻһʲôתͷһȻһɫģʮ׸ߵ̳ӣ滹һŻƷأʱ̳ȫѺۣʱƵӣֻ棬û
һæóˡħɷħɷ˵аլĹãҲæۺؽɽ鶨ճطĻᦣ뷡
ͬʱħɷҲһƹ⣬æɫ̳ϣʱӵ¶ĻҲ˿ܲ͹ȻҪܿ˭ûԸ͹ܰӮûôҲԿһȫûôʲô
ŷȥԺ󲻶ϵ˸ŵɫĹâֻ֪ҪЦһ£⡶Ǻһַˣһֻͨôܳóħɷķӡ
ʱȴԵһ飬һоĵʿܾͻϽò̳ӰһŷΪ̳涼Ѿˣʱ鿪ҵķܷȴ̳ӻָԭ״
ȻҸȥ绢ʱ̳ӴһžȻѵˣħɷҲʧȥЧҵͷһһɺѾҳ˹ҵʱһ
ʱΣ֮Ϊ㲻õ䣬һҲҪٷģͺñҸ㲻ˣҴԷӦϣһӾײҵؿϡ
Ҿ͸оؿҸϽѵ£ͷһؿھȻһźںЦҶʱ֪ʲôˡ
һֻɷɷʬ꣬׼ȷ˵Ӧǹ֮ꡣϵĹУ֮Ϊɷ֮գǻңʱǻữΪɷʱɷǾ״ʱɷһֻèӣʱһɺ̡
Сɷ֮˵ڡӲ־ҹ̷¼Ⱥܶ־ʼжйɷĹ£׽סɷɷȥˣ߱Ũʧˡ
ԼǰʬȻԼʬթʬңл𻯣ûʲôᣬֿʼ
ֻҪɷ壬ͻоԣȻʧȥʶɷͻ˵ǳԵȻж
ҲʼоֽһĸоˣɷǺ״̬׶Ըģ͸ǰ˵ģһЩɷӶܱǿһЩģ϶ҲᱻаŪ
˵ˣɷ֮Ϊһͻ˵ĴԲλԲλҲڵĵطҪ÷ǿĻãԼһǣɸֲˣðԼҲһɢˣɢ
ҵʱúˮˣоԽԽԣóŷ
а϶УҪԴһԼ˼ĻᶼûУֱӻɢˣ޽ղƷҲУɷģҪɷ֮ǰУɷȥˣҲûð
˰죬ֻó˾ȿնɷǳȹģǰ˵䳬Ⱥ䳬ȹһȹǿԵġ
ҲȥͰˣרЩҪڵĶģҪڣͶ̥Ҳûɶá
û취ˣȿնɷԼһսڤɰζ;ʩ壬ΪΪŮԳУƶ壬ڼڼ
꣬ͻȻԴԺ
˻̫û˼ˣǰôŬôţƣǻһѣҪֻأٶǮȥʲô壿
һŸʲôܸ˹ף˹ϺӣһһŸʲô

ͻȻԺۣһΧһǸС棬һѲ˵ҪԼĨأæ˵Ǿһ亹󣬲ԼˣһԼؿڣֻɷȻҲˡ


089 ȡ
ϲСһõģⶼֻܰˡ
ͻȻʹǸ绢æתͷһ岻֪ʲôʱȻһɫĵۣϻŰľҵ˵ͷ˵ԭΪΣ׼㣬û뵽ӿɽ̣ȻһҲܳɷ
áҾȵĿʣ壬ǵʿ
绢һ˼أǰץʱ㻹أ֮ǰǸʵԼݰˣʵҵʵץʦһҲŶס
Ŀ壬Ц˵ˣˡ
ߣˡ绢Ҫ⻰æ˸͵סſ˵꣬ʵҵܾˣǰҹСӢ۳֣ԥˣǮȥɡ
ֵʣִɶҹҸǮġ
绢һ˵ǲǣġ
绢һ˵Ҳˣԭ绢ֻǿһС滹񳬶ȵĻһһϴүˣеаŻôΣʦȥһϣҵ绢ˣ绢ȻҴúţƣʲôʦûɶ¡
ȻҸһȥԭղֻɷԺûԶܵ⣬濴ȻɷӦǿץӢˣ֪һһЩץĶ
ԺҾҸ£绢ʣ˼ȥɣа忪֪һⶼ׬Ǯþɵġ
绢ҡͷɲ˵ƨɣҾԼȥ
ҵʱ뷴׬ǮﲻȥҾʣҲУɾɣǼ˸Ǯ
һء绢ЦҼ˵ҴȥסʱʦͽܣɶҪ¡
˵ˡҿ绢Ҳ֪ǻ˼ǲǳʺˣһ绢һ˾ǧܲˡ
绢˵˾ݰݾ߳ǸԴڶеԺأҪȿնɷĺܴԭ˼Ը᲻Ҳܴأ
ϸһҲ̫ܣʵλоźܿᣬ֮ǰڳɶԸ񶫵ŷŹⰡʲôģоǳһ
ʵͳĵ˵ûκ˺ҲһЩͺñҸղþȿնɷԼˡ
ʵȿնɷֱ˵ϲûãʱɷʹҵԱߣǰɷжֵġ
ʱɷԱߣԾȿնɷҲȻҵǡ
аʵԭҲʵаܶ඼ǵĵģҿǸʹа˰ɣСٻһѵȻЩ˵ԺŻаȻֱٻֹˡ
òе㳶ԶˣȻеͷΣҲϸһ¸ղŵսȡһ¾飬̳֮ǰӦòŶԣǴʵսȡʵҲǾ鲻ԭ
λɷһò̳ӣȻһħɷӡһ֮ǰӦó޽Ʒɷҵʱʹã㲻ܽ
ҲûзӦץҲûдô򵥣ŷȥͿˣܿ˵ķӦ˵ҷĺܺãⶼǹ侲ģں͹սʱӦÿʼЩĶ
ҲѸоҪҵĻҿ϶ЩǴҿĻһ£Ҫڵʱĳһ̳ĹҪ̳ôأ
ǲǱһأ
ʱҷһ£Ҳ泩һЩʧܲ£֪ԼôʧܵĲſ¡
һصҵʱԴһƿſ˼ڿɳϿżأʲôһ߽꣬ȥ˼ʣôȥôã
ײˡû˵Ȼɳϣ㶪˲輸ϣ뿪˵Լ˼˵ûУ˵ӡһ˵һĿתĿŵӡ
Ӵ٣ȥҸӽѵһ٣һҶﱻһĳӲǰ˻ȥһԼģ治溺ӣǻô˵ţ̲ˡΪС¾ͺһŮ֣Ȼ̫үˣҴ򲻹ŲţԼŵġ
㿩Ҳ˵ô㣿»طֽ⡣


090 
֣˵ģҪûǰһûԵģԭΪǰȼȻŵζһʼԺĳˡ
ʵҲûʵǼʹõһֹߣǰйʱ͸о˼˼Ѳ˼Ȼԣй꣬˼еĶͶ̥ˣܳɶ
ʵʼ㲢ϹȳԵģǸ·Ĺ»ҰԵģʼڹһʱȥ㣬ʼֻʱ㣬·ҰҪңԺ󶼲ȥ㡣
֪Ϊʲôڷչ˸ľˣʵһ壬ʳһûеȼֱžͽ
͸ҧɿһҧԺԭɫĵطͱ˻Ұɫķĩˣ˲輸ϣҿԺһʲ֪ԭʵôԶУǷǵõȼ
ɵ椾Ͷһһ꣬ҷֱĺ˼Ǿ䣬˶ǻᱩߵͣӾʱͺŮ˻ʱ۾أ˼׼˺üͰҶ˼Ҫſõ룩
һСʱҪҶһڤ;ҡҡͷԭҾº˼ĹϵѴڻᱩߵͣһԲϵĻͷˣĿǰǲģȻҲͲͺ˼ˣ˸кԼط䣬Ϊɷԭɣоƣ˯ˡ
ѹһʱ䣬ѾǵڶʮһһԱߣ뾹ȻԱء
ҲʲҪ˯˷ԱһವСŮô룿ҵʱǱһ¡
ҿʱ䶼ʮһˣæ·˵룬ҵóһˣ˼Ҫ㣬˵¡
ûңֻǻشһ£ͷԵòֺҡҡͷһɫTһţп㣬ҵǮͳˡ
ܲ쬵ģҲû꣬Ҳû̫죬ߵ绢⣬ţܿ绢ʹţұһҲûϳ
绢һɫװͷţ͸һŸֱ͸ɹʿһĻϹŰӴڶ̿㣬ŰѲ˵ҪǮģ
壬ɶӰ鰡ҿ绢ȵʣ绢ҲֱӰ˽ȥȻ󶪳һ׵۸˵⣬סɾͽˣȥ˱˵װɵá
ɵġҲңý첻ʲô죬ֱӾ׵ۣҲˣ׵۾Ǹͨѡ
Ժλʶʲôŵ۵ע⿴һ۵棬һ˵ĵʿĵ۶а棬һӡڵ۱档
绢ԸָûɶҲںǮ滹أʲôҲû¡
ҹΪǴײأ춼
绢żƳ̳أ֪ԭ绢صˣôԶҲ֪Ǽôϵ绢һģڳ绢ҲµĸҽһԵɡ
ԭ˻治绢ȥ˽жУʮ꣬Ϊڵؿ߼ҳУǵصһǮˣ׽ж˹ԭʮ꣬彡ʣǰʱͻȻĪˡ
ԭҲûɶϲģ°Ҳúܿϵ񣬵ϵһСʱǼҵھ˵˹ˡ
ʱǸ˻֪˹ϢΪ˹ҽԺũ˹ũϼҵھӣ˻˹кأֻǶ˹ɫ԰ףһ£촽һֱڶ˺˵ʲôһʲôҲ
˹ת뿪ˣ˵ʱҲû룬ΪүƢе֣ûһͿװŶ˹ʬı׿˹Ժӣ˲ûֱһιȥˡ
˰˵Ժ˵˹үӦʲôԸûɣͶ̥˳ȣбˣǺⷽĶģϵ绢绢ȥæԼס
绢Ժҵ˵ͷҲҲɶ£˹үҲǳһλ꣬ʱһžȿնɷθֲֹͶ̥
ʱҲ֪⳵˾ĶԻɶɣ绢Ѿ˵Ǹɤţ˵ʱ˵һڸ·ϻǺܿģҲһСʱǾ͵سǡسǻͦģҺ绢³Ժִһصĳ⳵ǵطʲô壬ҲͶʮӰɣǾ͵壬ԶͿڰϯȻǰµľϯ


091 è
绢ʱһհɣϾ˼Ҳɥ£û͸ɥһ˵˹Ӣţ̾̾
㻹˵һڣԭڹĵæ˶Լͬĳǿ˹绢ţƺĴ˽ȥ̤ȥͻȻһӳǶ˹
ũĳʣҺ绢æһ㿪ӣһǵľȻһʮļһǸһָ绢ղźɶأٸҺ
үģҸղŵĻ𣿡绢ɲ˾ԵģɶӢŰҵǼݺȥȥˡ
˿ͦʱһʮ˳ʮӶֵģһһɫТͷŰɫТȦǺģģǰסˣ绢˵绢ɣҺͨ绰
ǶУ绢Ҳ¶ЦݣϾҲǲү»ҪǮأܲе˵ͷȻҿ˿Ȼָӣ绢˵
绢ʹҡڵˣҲͷ绢һͽģשũǲˡ
Һ绢ȥԺҲ֮ǰõӶǸ˸˶¥һ
Ժоҽ˵ҾίˣУҵܵܣȪףղŴ³һ㣬˼
дһС۾˵ǸоŸоС
ȴֵʣնţܵôհ
ŶȪҸ׵ӡнһ£绢Ҳ˵ҽ绢éɽһٰʮһӣҵӣ»ԡ
Ʋ绢һۣﰵһ£⸱ģéɽʿĻǻ˵ðҲЦһ¹˵éɽһٰʮӣ»ԡ
ȪףλǡпڳԱߵİȪ˵
ȪҲʶʱıȭ˵ղŲ֪λеλ¡
Ȫ׿Ǻ͵һˣҲС˧С˧ģȻܶʱǲŵġ
ȰȪ˵ԺҲһ£Ȼп˵ʵλֹҪȼҸѣ֪λûйı£Ҹһ棬Ǯġ
и˵꣬绢װ˼Ťͷҿҹգһ۾뿴ûа취ɣĻɶ
ʵû˺˼棬취Ҳ򵥣ȰѻٻȻŪҶ˿ǻĹˡ
ǹʵһ˵򵥺ܼ򵥣˵ѵ飬ҲҪΪӾ˼䣬Ȼȥˣûô򵥡
о仰˵ѣлֻҪ֣ڵĹҲܰǸ˹ٻԭͶ̥ԺľֻͶ̥ͷ
ָŪЩ飬ֻͻֶ˼ڴȻͲˣܶвĵʿԺ󣬵вͲȥֻͻΪλҰͶ̥ת
ҵȷı£ûȥ
ҳ绢΢΢ҡҡͷȻ˹ǮҲ׬˸оͶͶ̥أҌţҴﲻ׬ĵǮ
绢Ҳ¶һ˿ʧģֱһ˵ģ˵ѾȥͶ̥ǲҪĺá
ھ˵ڸҸװһԵİȪ׿ѯʵ
绢ʣģ
Ȫϸ΢˵ھԺ顭
ǲͶģʲôĻԸڸһúģȻ󳬶ȥͶ̥
һ绢Ļһŵ˵鷳ˣһҪҹҸһ档
ңҶ꣬ҲһȪһŵ˵
һģ͸оèˣӦ˶èˣģͨ˾ԼˣԺвҪģҲΪʲôġ
ŶҺ绢˺úڿϢŶкͰȪ˾¥ȥкˡ
߳䣬绢۾˵˼֪ʲôè塣
ʼ˵˭֪ء
˵治绢˵Ȼ˼˵˼ףǲӦó֮أ
ᡣҡҡͷȱҿɲɣҾ˵Ѿǵôȫȥȫȥ㡣
УУС绢һ£ҡͷ˵ˡ


092 
ܿ͵ϣҹԭӦúܼžСɽȴַǷǵԺҲͣ˲ٵĺóʲô۱Ķüаµʲôġ
Һ绢ǽ̸вŵ֪ԭ˹ʱͦбµģǸ书ģǰ˲ٵͽܣЩͽܺгϢҲ٣үˣǰͽܶˡ
Һ绢ڱԵĽϲˣһȺα꺮ůΪɶ˵αأǸоɣ˵ĽʼղѧУ⣬
һȺװһԺӵұߣԺߵľǴӰæɥµĴ
ߵķֱּּˣװǱһװһŵӣȿϡȺȣ裬ĵԱߵ˻ĵĽװģͻȻΪʲôЩɹʿϲСˣҪңֱӶˣ治ǳɹʿȻǿ
Щ˵Ҳα޷Ǿǣ˵ôôȻ˾ͻ˵㼪԰Һ绢պþȺɹʿԱ߳Է죬̫ٷˡ
һߵĴͺúܶ࣬Ȼģ첲ȾƳ⣬ȭ͸Ĳɥ£ϲһȸ˻Сֵúܡ
һԶһ軹üͷС˵ũ˾Ұ
ʱҲûȥѾģΪһ׼ũ廧ڣҸоͦõİҸҴģһҲũȥģڶũ屩ɳˣȴŪũ廧ڡ
һЩһǮ͸оԼǸߵʿˣũ͸оԼһʲôģȥүģʱҶȥŮˡ
ȻҲʲôֻǿ˶ѣйˣװƨĶӡ
ͲǸŵˣװǸӸɸƨ绢ҲǵǸŮĺüۣ绢ģ͸ֱҪȥ˵ӣ˼ҰɥأҪǴ˵Ļ಻á
ˣҰһ¡ͻȻоվ˵лλֵͬҸԺæô飬һǡ˵һƺȥ
ҪлλǰͽҸ׳ͻȻȥңʹؿڣ۾滹Ứ
ͻȻһԵİȪҲվҵʱڽǶ⣬ʹԼһ£˵ⰲȪứľͳȻڵĹײ˹ȥŹײʹﻹڴУ֣㲻Ҫ뿪ңְ֣ҵװְְ
գ绢ҲСԼˣĳ˸ĴָޣҲɻˣкͰȪǳôɶ
û뵽иݣҿһӹȥСӲ֪ʲôطŪһƬУֱ۾ϴ죬Ȼվ
۾øɶһžƱʮȽǿճҵεװεѾܲҵʡ
˵гû治رϵչң£ȥμйû׼ܵøɶġ
и߰ųţͻȻͿԺſھȻվһɫӰӰʮ꣬԰ףãĿЩˣ촽ڲͣĶҪ˵Щʲôһȴû
绢ҿԺſھСʣ㿴ɶأ
գǸ˲ţˡҿŻڸĶо̲ס˵
Ǻܴ󣬵ȫȴͻȻҿ˹ҵĻֲ̫˵ɣ۾ˢˢĿңҲǾֵĿңʣңҵ棬Ļˣ
˶ңÿ˿ҵ񶼲һеĴſ־壬ӣǳȵȣо˵һϴŵۣôֿŶȡ
ҵʱҲֻе˵ͷ˵գղʦ˶еĸ裬оĸһʱжʩٻĸסʱܲ˵ˣѹƵ绢ϡ
绢ӦҲؿ죬΢ЦվָԺſ˵ҪĻѡ
ȵȣҴҿǸ˹үɫȻ־ģԭһƬڰͻȻһӰ
ԣӦһӰֻ֣˫ǣĿ־͸צһ͸СһǷŴġ
ֻͻȻڶ˹үһֻס죬һֻø첲ĲӣȻ
˹үӵɫر𾪿֣촽˵ĻˣҲ˵ʲôˣʵû˵ʲôԣ촽ظ֡

˹үӺܿͱϻغڰˣҵʱֻģŵˣʧԺŷӦʱȥȹѾˡ


093 
ԭԼ׻ˣϲɫҵģ绢˵绢ʦҸأҼҺ䣬Ǯ⡣
˹үӸղѾˡǿסľȣܲ˵ϵҲ֪ɶĶץ˰ɣҿ˵ӦûŶԡ
æס绢֣һлȻ绢Ҳ͸Ŷдţƣȴû˼ĵݣҴʱӶֻץ߶˹ĹΪʲôҪץ߶˹أɻ⡣
Ҫ֪ҲֻԼǰĳ֣ᶯ޹ˣȻһЩĹǻġ
һֱ˼ʼղ⣬ҵʱǳԶ˰ɣ绢˸кĲȥߣͻȻͿһֵĶ
¥ݿڶŵһڲֿķ䣬Ӱ˵ĸֶʱҲ￴һۣȻһŹֵʯ
ʯ֮ǰҿ߶˹үǸһģһʯԶҼǸһأ϶һֹ
߽ȥĵľ͹ţȻʯԱ߿һҶʱ˸ˣԭʲôһа
еǣһУν֮Укܶ඼Ƕ޵ãЩνҲǴеɣа˸ֵа
ǰʯʵܶ˶֪һ˵ħɣòͺĶħò࣬ɲǶħ
һֽй֣ڸֵ伮м¼٣ǳҲᱻҵĶħ֪Ҳ֮١
Ҳй͸оûɶ̫ĺʵǿǸ۲۵а
Ȼ֣ûʵ壬ҲǹֵֹһʼẦ㣬ǺǩЭ飬㹩ΪɣȻᱣ⻧˼һٻ
ûƽ׶ĺôһǩЭ˵ĺ˻ǶҪǽ
һ˵ǮҲôûԼԺӾһȺΪǮˣһЩؤײˣҲ˲ˣֻԼͺˡ
ҶʱһЩˣ˹үӵͺйأһ˵ǩЭĻֱϵĻǲŶԣôΣˡ
üͷʯҡҡͷת߳䣬ȥǸкͰȪ׻һ˵ԼమమԼĸ֮ġ
Ҿڽͷ˼ʵԼ˼ͦҵģҪľ˼ҪҪС
ҲҪΪֱֿس֣һʼҲΪģоͻͳľ󺰣е
ֻй߳ɶµĵϲɵ飬ֲΣֵ˸˫ա
ҾͲͬˣְֺ͹ǣִ󲿷ԴԺģ˼ֻҪǳˣ̾ͺͳ˲ˣһǰͺǩԼģĵҲһˣʲô棿
һİõԼȥУҾͲ÷ˣ׾Ǽһ˵ʲô֮ƨţҲɶˣΪ˹ƨȥҿɲϲ档
ҲˣȥһɡаһߵҺ绢ǰ˵ҲȥھӼסһ鷳ﳬҸһϡ
˵˵绢ЦⳬҲ߸ʽȺ뿪֪Ϊʲôڶ뿪֮ǰ̲ס˵Ŵ磬оʲôֵ飬Χ¶ͻȻ½͸ϽҺʦ
Ϊ
ʱʦ˵һĸסҲֻɺˣһ¶ϲɫ˵úúã鷳ʦСֵˡ˵Ժ뿪
֪ΪʲôʱҿĿڣʵǶҲʲô£֪Ϊʲôʱ˵ˣһ˰
˶ԺΧҲʱҲʮһˣҰӴŹϣмĹײģ֪ΪʲôҿײﻹһûţһߵʣҪô
զȾƳ¡绢ŽʣһЩȼƿϰ׸ɹҿҡҡͷһҲֵģ龰ܳԵºȵ¡
ҪǺͻȻթʬˣǲô㲻绢ͻȻһ£ҲԼˣѾôթʬ˾ǸģһײթʬҲΣҲҵùŸ


094 ٶ
ҹܾ绢ǺűһֱԼȣԼһ㣬ҿɲ˯Ժֻһֱǻҵһ˯ǸͻȻ֡
ȻҲ㹥ˣһһҲһŴ޽ղƷʱս
Ҫ˵̨֣ԣҹ˯ӣҸо͸˺üͨһԽ뾫Խó̿
˫۸оصó棬رԱ绢ϰ׸ƿӴžһ˵˯ɣ۾һһˣ˯һܳƨ¡
һ˵˯ɣҪ˯ˣ۾һղһӾ͹ȥˡ
Ͼˣǿ챻˯ϮʱͻȻҶߴһ
Ƕеһ뿪ŵģͻȻֱӾʹ˽ģģҽͰ͵˵ңңҿңҵˡ
Ȼ͸ųˣҿеģԭҲһΪһأΪ͸ˣ»һϸһһﲢûŵܳˡ
еһ㶣һԼʱңô˰أһôǮû
ҿŶеģҲǸоһĺЦ볰䣬ͻȻŴͷеɻ˭أһ˵ʿ˵ʱǲŵģ֮ǰڳԷʱ˵ˡ
ɻҴţͻȻ⾹ȻһУͨ죬һҾ˵ңңҿϵˣи˵Ĺ
᣿һͷһǸеĻҲȵĿſڵԼ˵ſڵǸ߽ԺҲǻһ£ָŻǵĶ˵Сʦ˭ôһģһ
군ˣһ϶ǸˣȥүĻˡ
æ˺üͳ˴޽ղƷСĿˣ˭ڶ̫ˣҴӰóһа˵һаֻҪǵǹǸ϶ͻɢˡ
ǸĶ¶ϲɫ˿һָǵĶ˵СʦĵŷңӰᣬϽ֣ס
ҪҪǻǣҵİɡǵĶһľģĻںˣӵӡ
һЦѾ˶ˣ󲽿ȥŷǸĶоʹȥＱæ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
Ķкû뵽һһŷʵʵؿϣаմϣͻȻųһɫâĶбĵڵء
һҲЦˣģ©ô໹ƭˣˮƽҲͺִʦƭһˮ׼
ļıףȵһ㣬Ķпûڤ;Ǳ˵Ļ϶ǿǸ״Ķеģˡ
ڶһһֱ侲ģˣҲ֣Ϊ¼һµҪǸ״Ķбֵøʵ
ҲҪһ㣬ĶˣаǾƨûаҾʹ£ǼٵģǾ͸ãֱӺſȫ顣
СʦӢϰĶһҵӣͻȻıӴܳһ˶С
һæ޽ղƷ嵽˶еǰ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷡
⻹ҵһʹô޽ղƷأҸ꣬ҵǰͳһĽɫϣײ棬ֱӾͱ˻ȥ񹥻ҲɣȻת绢ȥ
һ⣬ûԲŲղڶҲǱͻȻϮ򵹵ģ绢ȻʮˣļָȥĻǻ
ֵǣȻ绢ǰ˼£Ȼû壬תһ߹ײġ
֣Ϊʲô绢أ˵ʣ漴Ҳڿɲʱæ£ҵǮҵһöͭǮ
ڶǶˣ˰·УҿŹײĹûͳŶ˵Ҹ꣬壬վű𶯡
ȻָĶͷˣϣ뷣


095 ɵ
ҸеǾͱսһöͭǮѧĵɲֻлһĵûֻ֣ǰѳϵյͭǮڣȻڡ
ҼеǶѾսȥˣҾͰͭǮĶͷϣǻûؼһؼң··ȻҾͿͭǮǱʮС㣬ӶеıǿףͣԴ
ҿŶлϳɹ˿ǱϾǱһųģϣʱ涺ҲǺܴģڶиջϵʱĹײ˿֨֨תͷһײһʬ
ʬӦþǶ˹ˣʱһɫٷƣȷʮˣЩӲһæóһааͦ͵ģղһ¾ͰѹӶе˳ҿ¸⣬ģæȥٸһŷſ¡
ҸܽʬͻȻһȭͳҵӴ˹ҾȵӦٶô죬Ҷ㣬ӲĴһ´ԴԺģҲǰԼˣҲԣô˵Ҳǻһ֣ôأ
ұһȭûعζʱıסңȻҵĲӾҧ˹治֣ͻ˹ӵΪëҧӣЩǺϲӡ
æֵסͣȻа׼ԴأϾôľ룬ôҸ׼䣬˫һʱ˫ǱؿһģһؿƵܲˣЩˣ˵ˡ
໰ĻᶼûУ˫ĵֻһͷڿ񱼣ҲȻҸɲҲѸɵҵӡ
ʱͦģҲ֪զˣͻȻǴҧҵģҶʱ뵽ѪѪͺڹѪһǴ֮ֻǹаҲ£ﰵ̾һû취ֻѪˣʹһҧһѪζʹ
ҳŹ˹ȥãӱҵѪһ£ϾȻð̣ʹļ̶֣ܴ˵ĽеѻĽڵϣʹĹȥؿڣ̵ģѾš
аӵĶͷȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
ʱСӽеøʹˣҳȴæóһаһȥ´ȥȻҲˣǵڵϣ鴤װ
үģΪСүҺǲǣϡƤġҿСӵװҲŵЦ
ȴǳҪôأ
ȻҴõز𣬵ǲûҪҵӰⲻʲôְֱ֣˻ֱӳͶ̥ȥô죿Ҳûа˰лָƵʱ򰡡
Ǯ˰ҲûҳܸɵֵķҲ߯ͷˣʹһ£ͻȻԺ󿴵һнķĵҲûԹòҲû취ˡ
ķĺôǻ죬ҲСæҧԼָȻƻһķҲҵһλ⣬˵ͦ򵥵ģа򵥶ˣһ¾ͳɹˡ
ҶʵҲûס
Ҿƣ꣬һһӺȫʧһúܣһֵķȻ˿˿ĵ⣬æķŵѾĹȥһڹıϣ¡һһϵĶ˹ʬѾһˣҿŻķϺȥ
ǸĻǱҴķԺҲɢ˵ˡ
ôһ¾͹ˣҲǾȵĵúܣķҲһȫµʶ治һʱ̣ԺԶ
ְѶ˹үӵʬ̧˹ײǺùײģ˿ģҲԼ;ûͦģÿ׼ǲģȥԺö׼һЩˡ
æЩ뵽Ѿˣһһɾҵ˯¾ʹ˳Ҳ̲סˣڵϣ۾һգ˯


096 ɵ
ڶһҾͱ绢ˣԺһѾˣ绢ѹȻһĳ˵ǳ꣬ô˯أ
ιι磬㲻Ҳ˯𣿡Ұ绢һۣ˵绢Ʋһ˵㶮ƨϡ
ҿ绢ֿʼţˣǺƿϰ׸ˣǵ˵Լȵɶģ˵Ҫǲ˰ϣҺ绢㳶˼䣬ͻȻͿˣľȻǶС
ʱɫ԰ףһװһҺ绢ǰҺ绢˵лλ֮
ûû¡Ұ˰֣绢⣬һɻĳҿ˹СİѴ龭绢绢ſ˵ԭҾӦڴΰæģ죬춫һ˸֣Ͻȥˡ
绢˵ÿ̸ϽΪʥģ׾ͻɢû˭Լ棬ǳȥȥ
쾭鱻ŵûûعлˣһĿ绢߳һţƣһţƣҾ͸оۡ
ŴһȺ˾̧ǸүȥȥˣҾûȤˣ绢ƨƨߵȥװʦȥˣԺҲˣԹ緹Һ绢׼ȥˡ
뿪֮ǰ̲סȥѯһ¶֮ǰΪǸȪװһТӵģиԺһͿЦˡ
ԭ˲֪ôΣǰ˹˵ԼҵػҲǸ˹˵ԼڷչȫػĹͣȻ˵ֻҪõԼĳϣ˭ͻõػػơ
Ƕ˹үԼò˵ģ˵˺˹õòˣҲõ⴫˵ػĳϣ˹Īľ͹ˣ˾ļˡ
һʼװñȶԷТ˳ȡػΣ˵ܹԼףˣϧ˲֪νػǸҲǸҪ֣ǼǸνĹƨػ
ԺģҲͦģԼԭúõһػôͻȻҪԼˣǰлûа취һػҾȱǮ
ش˵ȱ
ҸоʱȷЩǮ˵뷨ѾǳǮˣԲԽǮȴȺܶƽҪߣҷʮֲΪġ
Һ绢ųؼҵ;У绢ҲǧǮ׬绢ͦ˵ģȻˣ׳԰׺ȣүһźҹǹƿϰ׸ֱ˯ģ׬򣬷˭˭ø˰صѧԺ
绢ڷֿ֮ǰҼЦе˵´λֺһ绢˵˸߲ҵԼǸС˻ȥҿһıӰҡҡͷ
Ҳ߻ؼң򿪷žͿͺ˼˾ȻڳоأоײǺյʱҾͻҵĳɶᣬһݾŵһúζܹȥһʣԭȼˣ֪ͻǲ͡
ȻʹϨȻĻ˾ָȥÿһ磬Ȼͷһк˼Ӱ
æܹȥصȻȻ򿪴ͨ˼һ˵Сֵģ©úôô
ǾǡԱ߸͵
̰ɶ©ú˵ǲСģ˵ɱҿ˼ӣͻȻоʦĸʵõģȻѳ˵㣬ǲΣգú˼˻ðΣգ˵˶ᰡ
Ҳ֪˼Ⱪ椺Сô뵽ˣһʲ֪ԭڼģӵʱ򿴵һ˵ĽĿȻ˼ͺ˼
˽ȥãȻ㳴˸ײ˸˳ԣ˼ֱӾܳˣȴܳԣû뵽˼ó룬ȻһЩóһŻƷȼԺ󶪽棬Ȼ뾹Ȼܳˡ
ȻԺҾͿʼҲûɶʾֻк˼ֻܿ绢ʱ۾˸һ¡
ƽˣû¸˼²ˣӰӿҪϲ̫ǣ˼Ҫһ꣬úǵķʽɶʯͷ뿴ӵʱ˼ͻúүǵķʽҾɶǵҴû뿴ĽĿ


097 ٣
ĵܻ˸оúܿ죬ÿ˺ͺ˼ܣ뿴ϲĵˣҶеˡ
ӹúܿ죬һξ͵˿ѧˣм䷿ҲҹңһҪҪֱóһǧֽ˰ķ⣬ȻӦˣôԺÿܾס
ѧҺͺ˼ͦģһʱ͵ˣȻ˼ͺҷֿԼȥˣҲܻᣬСѾˣ̩¡û
ѽС֣զôء߽ȥԼϣڳСʣСЦЦ˵ⲻҪô͵ˡ
ȻҾͺСоûģ޷ǾЩôİһС֣ȥüһģ¾Ȼܺȥһˣȥһ׵ĸо˵СǼСֻȥҪ˺ӰҿǼƬǼҲͦϤһЩӾ濴ףǽв֡
ô˵С»㲻С־Ťͷҹô̾˿ϸһ룬ơ
֪Լиʲô䣬Ȼȥʦһʱ䣬ĪץһŻȻȥһºſջȻȥаͷͷܡ
һһٹþ͸һħõӰһҡҡͷɶҲ˵ˣ͸СϼϷСֻЦ˵Ҹöȥɶġ
ҵʱ룬һ治ԸȥߣҪȥ߼ˣҶġ
˵һ汳ÿԵģұײΪϹͺܶˣʵرٵģЩһҲһܼһ£ƫƫ֪Ϊʲôôùײ
ʱҲˣ˺˲٣͸ȥú˻һ͵һЦ˵Ҹȥһˡ
Ǽ£˵࣬ԭϼһ·ҪͨպһǰṆ̀Ȼȥ·ȥˣģʮ߰˶Ȱɹö첻ˡ
Сֺ˵ļڣҾͿʼ̩ȥɶˣѵȥ̩̩ȭȥˣ
̩ʱҲûϳǳˣһCOS··Ӣ̩¡·ҾʣǣȥCOS
NONONOҸȥϺְҵ̩˳ĸǼ˵ԭһȥϺЩְҵϷȥˣô˵ҹúá
չʹȾȥ£ңĸȥѧУһݣ˼ˣҪơƾͿʼĳΧȱȽǡ
ϾΧǴѧЩѧԼøǼûҪ۵ģԱиˣһȾƾˣһĴеģ۾ˣģ͸ʮһһԱߣҲһơ䡣
磬ǣǼҵˣС椾ȻôӣΪԼϵǣһֳͣͲˣʵ£ֵܵʲȥһͷļһһñȽһŵ˵
Ǹһһ˦˵ߣȥѧԺ椲ӣǾͱҲˡ˵һڵ˳ȥҿǼһıӰҡҡͷ⼸ɵлȥ˼鷳
ȵȣֳѧԺ˲뵽ɺɺæ˵ø缸ˡ˵ͳѧԺȥǺϰ죬ʱҲûǮ˸кĸѧԺȥҲղ˵Ļˡ
Ǽһ嵽ѧԺſڣ˵ѧԺҪôСҪôŮûģŸŮͼæʣŮ
û뵽ŮֱӾͱֿգڵеôУղǼҲģ
һΣǸŮĲָһĸǱ߳˹ȥһյŮ澹ȻѾΧһȦˣĸƿ漷
һȥͿеģϻŮģеĻȭߣһⲻɺɺôʱɺɺԴڵϿأһŮӦѰɣҲͦƯģҲ࣬ҲڵϱԴޡ
ΧΧźܶˣҲһЩеģûǰæҵʱһˣģôеĴŮʲô£ܳҺ̩磬С֣ϣŪȺӵġ
˵ȭͷͳȥȥȳǸӵһȭһͱҴˣһߣһļһҲˣЩһԭͺȶˣǾУģˣ


098 ʦ
ҴԺȥǺݺһȭû뵽پȻһ㿪һȭֳ̧Ķȥһû㿪ֱӱߵ˵ϣȻһʹš
û뵽Ӳ֪һˮҾͱ˹ԭҺ̩ǾͺһЩƣԴЩԺһʹ߶㣬ͱҵĶӣҶһʹͷһɫT澹ȻѪ
ԴԺģΧľҲʼԺʱ룬ԲۣǰɣСүܾ˰ѣҲ̫ĿӵˣȻ˫һڣιȥˡ

Ҹеʶ͸оһʹ̧ͷһﾹȻһڵ棬ӴžʮƽֻһһӣʲôûУԺĵͷһԼȻŰɵҲֻһӲľ壬ΧһȭžȻˣ򲻿
ô£ҼǵҺȥɺɺˣȻĪľͱǸлٵļһͱһŶԣһʱͻȻͷϵƾһ۵Ļɫâ̵۾ۡ
ŽӦҲˣ߽һݸ߸ߣһɫװһ۾ﻹһɫļе˽
ãʦʦʦֺҪһҵʱԺأֵʣʦιȥˣô¡
Ѿ죬Ÿѹ㱻˳ֵϮ°ѾίҰ˾ˡʦޱ˵óһݺͬһֻ˵һ龭˵Կһ£Ҫûǩָһ£Һļ˾
šȻ㻹еԺҲиŵ˽ˣӦþͱңҪ˾ҲǾУģһЩ̻֪ģͷһļž˵Ȼôô֮¼óͱң֪ԭǼһйȻ
ʸǩʱͻȻһ㲻Ծһֱæһ飬Ծ
Ǳˣôĺ棬ӦҽԺŶԣͬⰡ
һֽܺ񰡣ֽͨһ룬Цһ£ϸһȻһ˺źͬ˺һΪȻһּвͬͬ滹һݺͬһǸʦı顣
ʦҲ¶һľȣһűĺͬʱû澹Ȼ˵޹ŹȻȻȻͱһҴȣĹʧ֮ġ
һֱӾͰѺͬ˺ˣʦ˵ǵʲôˣôֶΣ
ʦһ۾Ц£ڵȻ鱻㷢ˣǾûҪʲôˣǹȼҵʦʦ
ȻʦٴļóһݺͬҸղ˺֣˵СֵܣֻҪǩͬȼԸⲻ׷Ȼ顣
ĸ֡˵ȡ
ʦҲûһЦ˵Ȼ˾츱гʲôǼҶСֵܣһȰôˡ
һ¾ˣԵģǹȻȴɺɺȥǾˣ󻹱ͱһô׾
Сֵ㿪ǡʦ
ҪǮҲ˵ʦһЦ˵٣
ָͷʦͷ˵û⡣
ʮ򡣡Ҳľ˵̰ģʲȥȻʱҲ˵
Сֵܣˡʦ۾һ˿â˵Ϊûа취ǩֻѺ
Ҳһʱ뵽ʮ̣ҪһҶ̣ҹֱӾǩˣӦʱͻȻִˣľȻͺ˼ˡ
һңؼ嵽ԱʣСԣû°ɡ
˼ֱӣȥͰѺʦſˣȻ米Ҿܣ̧ͷһ澹Ȼһһһĵطأ滹һͣţһʦĳ
ʦ˿ڳʣں浣ĵĿҵ˵ͷ˼ǰ治˵
ţʦ壬壬ʦĸˣһûʦôͳȥѹȻҸˣŲû¡˵ͷ˵
˿ʣ⼸쵽׷ʲô飿
˼Ťͷ˵˵Ϣİɣεûģк̨ʦҲӣ˭ģſϷɡ


099 Ů
ʦʲǫ̂ü뵽Ǹʦ˵Ȼ˾ǸгԴҲҵĺܣҲԱ߽ʱ顣
ԭ챻һͱȻ֪Լˣæ绰֪˭ȥҲæ̧ҽԺƣСʱ˹賿ʮʱȴͻȻһȺ죬Ȼ˵֮ǰġ
Ҫߣ磬С֣̩ʱãνҪһڲϣЩֱӾִˣԺ׼ץǼߡ
ֳһȺǣ߻սұͷľˣǱľˣʱǶôأ֪ǰȺǹȻ˾ˣģҪĸ
ϾʱȻͱУ԰Ӱر󣬺ǶѾǽϲɺɺϵɳҵģһΪΪȵɺɺģоɽͽ𽨹òƺվλǶϵ
ԭеһλгں˶һֱһιȻô飬ȻҪݺݴ𽨹ɽֶһߵģȻЩ֤˱ߡ
ϵͦӣ˵׵ϵĸȨҲر𶮣˼ųصǸҸһžͿʦ壬涷أ˿˽ȥ
ʦƲһ˵ˣˣֻͱ˵ģͽܻ˸ͱˣͱˣСܱܵеû
Ȼʦ˵һǸоʦҵĹģҺٺٵЦ˵ûɶ£Ͱһô
˵ʦһӾͳ˵ɶоͰһ²ܾôˣ̵ģŪǼӵģȥͥ˾
ʦǸǸгֱϽУг͵ڸʡһʡֶӴ˾ʤô
ûû£ԵģгҲţһôԼϢȥ齻ңȿͥʱ˵㱻ǸȻжҾͿˡ
ʦǸһֱڴ͵Ϯűͱˡҿʦ˵ʦɸֵ˵Ѿģ֤ݰǵҪ˵ԽԽŶˣơʦкͷ壬ֻǹĵĿۣ忴ûңϾҺͷҲ㲻̫죬ӺʦǹϵӦúŶԡ
ҴԼӵžͽȥˣСĵڴϢڴϸоҲ˲٣ͻȻͿˣ˼˽ﻹɫСƿӵҩͶȻװͰ͵˵һЩֹʹҩû¾ԼԵ㡣
ллˡҵ˵ͷ˼˵ʲôſֱˣҡҡͷת߳ţҿź˼ıӰҡҡͷû뵽˼ǰŸ̤ȥܽˡ
һͳһЦܵҶСʣСʱ䵽װѺ˼ôˡ
ɻĿ磬˵Ҹ㣬ʱ˵㱻ͱˣȻʧյʱûжཹҲֻʧյʱ򿴵ô˵˵ûһȣ
˵أֱ֪ȥʺ˼¡ûĳ˵ֲYYС˵ôԵ޹ʵľϲҲΪһͷ˧簡
У㻹ţƾҶ椵ľңԶ˼ġ˵Ժֺ˵ģת뿪
һǰԡ
ڴϣȻ飬ǹ붼ͷۣԺľ˯ˡ

ιΪʲôطιҿΧǸΣڵɭˣɻĿΧΣϵܸоĸо
ͻȻɭֵһִǸףҪ֪εôֻȥǸͤǸŮĲˣ뵽ҰȾķȥ
˴ҲܵˣǸİĺмСͤͬģСͤ澹ȻɴڵֻһװŮӵ٣æСͤȥβҳɣˣæɴŮӿȥ
һһʱŵúëˣŮӳѿǳرƯʣؼǣŮӾȻͺ˼һģһûпңǵͷȻڵ١
ʣ㣬˭ȻΪŮǺ˼ʾͲһλеŮʾŮһĶţһǹʱǧСĵ䷶Ѱ캰ɱĺ˼ϵһΨһеϵľò̫ˡ


100 ͥ

ˣŮᣬһЦ˵繫ӲƺΪСٻɡ
СٻһɳءһЦֵֹֻģŮһЦʣӽɳ𣿡
ǲǣҽг»ԣ˧ԡҿСٻŮһЦûһ깴ȥЦ̫ˣԭ˼ôƯϧһ첻ϲױ֪ܿʲôġ

Ҹеĺ˼һ죬ЦεʱͻȻξ˹һΧȻѾǵڶˣԱأӵĳʣɶأ˵Լʲô˧ɶģ̫̬̫ˣôҲûôԼ
ǣεһͺ˼Ůӣ͸ŮһЦˣûһ깴ˡҳ˵꣬һΪ¶һϸأû뵽һĸ˵ˣߣߣȻ󣬳Щοɲá
Ծо겻԰ôоһɱأһͷһиȥһ̨ģмдţû뵽˼Ȼ˳Ҿ͸Ҫ̻һ
ҳź˼ε˵ȿȣһᣬġ
Ǳء˵תܵˣ˼յġ˵ͳҵţ۵һǺҪǸ˿ڱûã椻ҡ
ҲˣûûΣޣҲҪˡίĽͻȻʦʹųҴ¸ɶŮĿϴǰı֣ϱʹֻһҲҵģ㶮ʲôдǰԴϱԺҳ˯
ʦ˵һѣϸһԭʦﻹŸֻأȻеԶһǿ绰ĻʾͨУͨĺȻʦĸˣҰĳʦһĴָ治ʦһ޹ϵĵ䷶ģﻹʦĸûˡ
ҡҡͷһԱߵĺ˼˼ҲǳʦһָҲǱӡʦһǿǿ縧ɽڣᣬմ󽭣ٲȻһ޹ϵ
Ǻ˼о˻һ٣е㲻˼ɣȻͷҳȥ䣬϶ܿ;Ϳͣܿ;ʹΎͰҲǱ˼ŹһСʱȻͻǿ٣粻Сˤײʲôʲô֮ģȻһ¶ỻ˼һӡ
ǰ˼һƨڳܷΧڡ
Ȼʦȥ˶԰ȥһ죬ڵϣ磬Ҳǿͥˡ
Ȼʦ˵ûɶ£ֱϾ൱ڸʡĴм˵ںͲںİҷһû˯ã룬ʵڲеĻʣװӵˡ
뷨ұ˯
ڶһˣǾˣȻǸڸгˣҵǲ⵽ʲôƽȵĴȻһԺҸ¾һѵļʲôɷң޹ŹȻʲôԭڹȻ㲻Ѿԭ֮ġ
֪ҪɵİȥͻᱻǴֱӻظꡣ
ҽȥԺܶྯңʮ侯ɣҲǶУģҲ˽һЩη⣬֣ӦþеĶԾˣԾӦþҺ͹Ȼ
г֮ǰѾ˶ԷһЩϣǻ඼ƣûлԶҺ͹ȻӦþǸͻƿڣҵҲ뿿һЩɡ
ʮʱʽͥˣҲ˿Ϸͥû뵽ǣҾȻǱ棬ȻȻԭ棬ȴǴһɫװߵұϣ˵ҵʦ
ʦҵ˿Ȼʦͷںһʮͺ죬˵ЦģϵҳŴʣ壬Ǹ˾ڣ
С˵˵껹Цһ£Ҹɻˣʱ׵ģ忴ҵı˵֪ʦĹϵʶʦ㷿壬ſϷɡ
žͿͥˣǸٿһļ̵˵ʽͥԭȻ»ԣԭдˣ޹ŹȻڹȻʱͳˮСͱ˳»ԣϣ⳥ʮԪϣƽϢԹ
һԱߵĹȻһиȥһﾹȻűһľϻҺ͸зһ


101 
ҳŹȻĴָ˵ǣ㻹湻ģΪҰԼ
ǸŸСʹӣ˵벻Ҫתƻ⣬شԭ˵ǲģ
ҸһڷʱͻȻԱߵĴסңſڵǳ»Եı绤ʦղԭ˵ȫʵ»Ի˵СܵܺݺһţܹĵǲǶӾأ
ʦɫһϲЦһ¿ڵȻǳ»ŹĹȻôٴˣȻԳ˰ɡ
Ǹٵû¶ʲô飬˵ͷʱһ˵ʵǽоȻͳ»Ե鵹С¡
˵꣬ʦʹҡڵߵ˷ͥм䣬Щûǿ֮ǰʦĵòɣΪйϵɡ
ʦߵͥм䣬˵ղҺֵʱ򣬼ֵûٷƣֵܣ˵ֵܵĲչ㡣
Ǹɫ΢䣬ʦ˵׾ֵܺγԣ
ʦָ˵ͽܡ
һƬȻĻкܶȨ޷Ǿ뿴еĶս֮ǰʦĵôΪʦǺһأû뵽ҾȻͽܡ
ʦЩ˽˵ǣӷͬ˵ҲʲôˣͽҪǷˣҵһŪ
æ˵ʹʹãû뵽СֵܾȻ׾ֵܵͽܣⲻǴˮôȻ»СֵܵǸ䡣
ƾɶȥұҸǸǸȻĴʦ˵СֵܹȻֱֱ˵˾ӣ˾ǴˣСţȻСֵܵǸ
Ȼ֪ʦԴ浽ʲôǳڶʦΣһǿ˵ֵܣԲˡ
һü˵𡣡
û˵꣬ʦǺһЦóһẒ́˵ֵܣ˵ֵҲչ㣬ʵΪ˸е٣֪ǽȻ˵ĺͷĿȻҲǿٵŮϣֵܹ¹죬װ֤ݣҵ֯ϲ׵ʿȥٷȥɡ˵ʦ˻ӹ
ʲôһʦĻʹһӣվˣ˫ĵʦʣⲻܣ
һŵģʦЦЦ˵ֵܣôȻ飬Ҳ˼ǱϾĴϣְء
˵ʦŹ˷һõüͷȥϾǣ̫ˣǰҺ͹Ȼӣ¹쵹ûʲô£ǣˣ㲻û۵Լٲòԥ
ɫÿҪγˮˣȻҲƿڴҪ
֪Ϊʲôһץס˹Ȼŷٵ˵ͷƺ뿴浽û֤ݣһʦƭأ
ǸٿͷŹȥˣû뵽ĻͻȻͳŮⲫأǸеľȻǸŮĿŶʮ꣬Ȼϱ
ʦһװܱǸ˵Ҫ˼ֵܣԭǰ͵͵İ֤ݸģϾ꽻飬û뵽Ȼôˣ
ʦٲȻһαӵǸʹ̣ǿһĻԼĺһŮⲫһڴȨ棬ҲҲ̲סˣָʦ˵ף׾ţ˵ң
԰Ҿ㰡ʦͷ˵ȻΪ㻹ܸɵɶҪҪҰǽڳԺڵ¼óֻǹȻǿôŮ֤óŷţ
ҡʵ̲סˣ˫۷ŹĿʦʦص㻹ΪҲң˾ǳӲģҪҺúҲˣ㻹вң
Ϊһ쵽һûеƣϣΪ֮ôˣȻ˭Ҳûкôġ۾ʦ˵
ʦһЦ׾»ҪôСͱͽܣͱ˾ˣСӴ֣Ӧһȴ˴ͽܣǩʲôƨЭ飬Ӿ͵Ū㡣
˵ˣǻкôôʦ˵ͳŷԺſڿȥʱһ˴һѾ˽ǸͷͦŵģһʹȻ͹թɱˣǿһϵȻȻҪȥܵ顣
Ǹңڣ˭ҶָŹȻһɰ˵֪ԭǸͷڣû뵽Ҳһóһļ˵Ѳ֯˹Ļ¸Ҫˡ


102 ˣ
ʱʵʤô򵥣ʱ˭ǵҺ͹Ȼ°ڴžֻ֣֪Ҫˡ
͹ȻֱӾͱڸˣҲֱӾͳ˷ԺɶҲûֻ˵Уʦĳͷ壬һصסСڳҲһֱǵô¡
ԭʦǸںʼʶֻ˹ϵʶҲʲôϵʦҲϲЩ˽Ӵֱұ˴ԺʦˣȻȥϵ˵ҪһԸڡ
Ȼʦйϵҵ֤ݣҵʱ϶ʦʲôݣȻôʱͲһ൱ڸʡְλ֤ݣѾһǮܰ쵽ˡ
Ҳûʦʦǲҵģ統ʦͽʮ˶֪ʦأ˵ˡ
ص˼ң˼绹ûлʱ˾ʦֱӴˣûȺ˼磬ҲǻȺп֣ûֿȻͻˡ
ؼҹ˶ʮӣͺ˼Ҳؼˣһžͳʦȥﻹ˵ʦ˧ûó֤ݵʱӵӣˡ
ʦûϢˬ˰ԭڳϱĴڷͥأû㵽Щ֤Ҳ군ˡ
Ҫ칦ᣬԭΪʦôй©ȥǼƵԷأû뵽ʦͳٿȥ¥ЩƲˣȻڼԼŪųԡ
һзȻȥʱҲһ㣬Ҳ֪Եģ뵽绢ӳм±˵ĻȥһӴ绢ȻҲ±ء
߹ȥһʣӣɶء
С˵绢ͷһۣ±ǰ˻˵±أأˣ棿
ǣ˵ˣ±˻ؼҳ԰˵ͳϰ˵±ˡ
绢Ҳʣȥ±кأʲôĿأ
˵ʦˡ
绢һʹĿҪʦһ㣬ģʦ±ˣ
ǲȻأûҳԷͲˡЦǺǵ˵绢ʣʦɶأƶ켣̳ô꣬˵ʶʦ
ҵȻ˵ͻ˵ʶȻȥ䷹԰ɣұӵĿ绢Ȼ˵ʦ׾ţŵû
ԭĵ绢һʦ֣ɫ䣬һ£ȻһŻ˵ʶʶ
㣬ôܲʶݼҲֻȥݵձұһ绢ݼ绢˼һ˵ҺʦȷһЩʵгģȻ᲻ҪǰңȻұġ
г𣿡ֵʣ绢ǺһЦ˵üǰˣʦĸ㻹ðɣ
ðգѲУ಻԰ʦȻеҲһʮĴɡҿ绢ʣ绢ʹƨһ˵ƨУȥɣʦǰҵ֣֪ˣһȥԷˣûǡ
˵һҡҡλεԼСȥҿ绢ûӰְϼһʦʲô
Ҳе2Bĸоɣ绢ԽᣬԽԽ뿴ʦɶӦ뵽Ҿ±˻صҡ
һȥʦҽˣӹ±ˣȻִӱóơƣң磬˼ʦ壬һһ
͸ʦ˵ʦ¥һˡ
ʦڳ±ˣ˿ơƣ˳˵ⲻϻôĲѲɻ
˵绢Ҹ˵꣬ͻȻһӾͱˣʦ廹з壬˻ںơأһȫ˳ʦ۾˲ͺˣʣ󣿡
ʮӰɡҿʦûƭʦ˫ץסҵļ򽹼ʣأң죡
ʲôҿƣѲ绢ǷʦûҲһ˵˵׽̰ɣ׽̵Ĵ󻤷֮кܶ£һʱҲ˵壬Ͻ
ҿƣгˣǸ绢ǰȻа̵ͷͷ׽̺ʦģ˵гҲʵʦ绢䣬绢Ǽһᱻץɣ
Ǹ绢ʵͦģҲͦõģͻȻ


103 ɺ
ųʦʣʦʲô𣿡
𣿡ʦһ£һЦҵԴʲôһ˵ˣˣ㲻ҾˣڹҲңԺҵʱȻͻˡ
֮ʦҲͲˣʹҲûԺ󣬵ʦĸ͸ʦ绰ˣȥʲô飬ʦ壬д͸Ǹ뿪ˡ
ʦ뿪Ժͳ˵ˣ׼׼ɣ컹ѧտѧѾҸ˰µļ٣ڿҲԻȥϿˡ
ҵ˵ͷһˣԭӦϿεģͺ˼Ҳרͥġ
ϢһᣬͻѧУˣ˼ҲֱӻᣬҸջᣬͿСֺ̩˯أӾǲһͨ
һȥ̩СæˣôˣҲģǸŪһгҲţ˵ûˣ˿ҺȷûµӣҲûϸˡ
Ҳ˫ˣȻΪǿ˺ܶŮʮ꣬ȻϵĺŻҲֱӱˣϵֱ̣ʱϢʱһͦܵġ
Ҳô󣬲Ȼϵﲻ֪ǶӦãǱӦɣ֮ǰôţƣӲѳͷ
һϿεĵҰɣĸƨأһŮľ߽ᣬһȻɺɺɺɺﻹһЩˮһͳЦеʣԸ磬˺õû
磬̩СһһϣԴˣۣȥϸȻ̩С˶Ӷɳ⣬ȥϲˣﰵøǣգⶼʾô¡
ݳȥԺҾͿһ£Ǹɶӣж࣬Ӧ׵ģɺɺվĵطûУæӲ˲ɺɺ˵ãɡ
Ը粻ôɺɺ΢΢һЦˮҵĴϣǸϣҹĵʣԸ磬˺һЩû
ˣͱһôʣǶ¡ؿڣ˵ģʵ˿ڵʱһ۵ģɺɺĵ˵ȻһʱϿΰɣ
ûû¡ҡҡͷ֪ΪʲôоɺɺҵֵֹģҪǰһÿָоһˣ֣Ҳʲôо
ɺɺŵ˵ͷͷߵʣԸ磬ʱǳԶٷɣĵллǲС
ûʱ䣬ⲻôҵʱһѡЦ˵ȻæӹóһɫTˣȻ͸ɺɺˡ
Ա߲ԶһκԷǸݳԵģʱ¥£˼ˣûô˵Ҳ֪˵ɶѲʣӣΪ˾㻹ˣ㲻˼ʹƤٺҲ˵ڰ
ɺɺԷʱҲǵͷ񲻸ҿһȻǸ׳գҲеףɺɺһ˼ˣ⵹ȻҲ˧ҲûɶǮһеΪ˾㰤˵ӣеĻһ˧磨ԭҵһŮģ˵ϲңٶееоɣ
ʱôʱͦεģ˶֪˵ɶҪ˵ϵɺ治һĶ࣬ԷʱҶﾹȻˣһһˣԱ߻һŮŮǰ͹̣źɫ˿࣬оԸеġ
ҶһԸӣǸŮֽģԺҲûΪһ䣬̫ۣԶλˡ
иȥҶǸŮܵӣһϵͲһ㣬ҡҡͷҶﰡˣֲøˡ
ʱҾͳɺɺ˵ɺɺȻǻطԷʱԲ˵ҶĻȻɺɺķеģԽΪˡ
ɺɺȻҲǿҶˣˣû˵ֻ͵͵ĿҶҶһʼͦСĵģ֪ɺɺѧУɣǸŮ߲ϵҧҲе̲סˣȻڷֽ꣬ҲɾȥģǸŮҲ
ģҶҲ̫ˣԭȰȰɺɺװ˵ģû뵽ʱɺɺ̲סˣɶҲ˵ȥ͸ҶһӣָǸŮҶʣҶʲô£


104 氮
ҶĽͺʹеһڼæ˵ãԣá
иȥһԭǸÿأ˺óԷֵģҷûȻɺɺһӳȥ촽˵쵰ô㣬㾹Ȼң
ʱҲ˹ȥҶһңҲеָɺɺ˵㲻ҲһеĳԷ㻹˵ң
ֻͨѡɺɺҡҡͷͺҶղŵĽͲǲôҶЦһ£˵ͨѣǺǣҺҲͨѣŲţ
㡣ɺɺȦˣ֪˵ɶһҶ˿վȻ˵ˣȻ鶼һôҲͿżɽ˵ˣɺɺǷְɡ
Ϊʲôɺɺһ¼ˣ˵ֻҪϵҿԭġ
ԭңСүҲϡҶһһ˵Ưһ㻹ʲôŵ㣿˵̸ӽˣʶʮˣ಻ң಻һȢ㣿
ɺɺ˵ͷ˵Ű
Ҷ￪ƨһˣôˣ̸ôˣһ£һ¶һ죬ˣ̵ס𣿡
ֻԺٸ㡭ɺɺڻͣҶ飿˵ҶòãҶǰ˳Ļ¸˫ĸˣ㶼˵ңְɡ
ǣͲ̫ˣ㲻ôҸ˵ҶﾹȻһų˹Ȼպڶϣ˿Աߣʱ۵ҹڵϣһ˿ۡҶʹ˵ΪČ˿Ǹ߸˧ǼʮƴˣżӽģӵİǾֳʱĸ߸˧ʮ껹ǴУΪʲôƨ氮˶ʮ꣬ĶˣҵĸSB˿ȥߣһȥ
ɺɺӣѣˣҸУ˭ź˭źСүź𡣡ҶˣҲȷǱÿ췢һȻָԱߵŮ˵ҾϲŮģԸеġ
ɺɺҶŵö˵ˣߵұϷңȻͿǰİôˣǺþۺɢҲ𣿡
ãԱߵĳ˿ѰɣߡҶ˵Ժ˿һԱߵŮ˵ߣǣԺҾˡ
˵ǸŮľߣɺɺҲڵϣʵеǣ»治ܹҶǣԭΪXXOOأԭһӶǱģǵõһοʱͦзȵġ
Ϊһ߸˧ﵽʮ껹ûɹ£ֻ˵ɺɺ氮һܵ˰Ҫҿ϶컻һ椣ͻȻҶҶһﻹе㾴
ҶҶôˣأǰǰǣİɺɺһ߿ޣһ˵Ȼоû϶ô˵ڳһΪͦ˧˵˶ģҶ̫һҲⰮĿɹ֮ΪӦ໥⣬ֻ˼һ˵뷨Ŷԡ
˵⻰оԼ̫ˣҪԹߣһһ˵ĻȥӣƭСʣȻɺɺһ⻰ɶҲ˵סҾʹ˵ԣû£ʧŶԡ
ɺɺʵĵ˵ͷͷʹĵɺɺְοһᣬת뿪һصͿ磬С֣̩˷Żɫ־ء
ˣչôһһ˾Χ
ҾͰѽǣ糬㵣ֻĴָ˵˭˵û氮Ҷɺɺ׵氮˵Ǹ߸˧ǌ˿Ҳܲ˰붼ֲίǸˡ
ǡ̩ͷ˵ͬ⣬ŮҪʲôãŮѣҸϲȭ̸û˼
֣Ϊ˭һС˵濴ҶﻹүһҪҵĻһ컻һ椣һʮġ
ǵóĽ۾ǣ氮
һ£磬С֣̩˼оǱɫ־ıǣһȺʢĴүǳ֪Щ⣬γɲģα򣬱ϵİȫ
ңҸûˣǳΪ͵˲š˵ͳȥǱɫ־ȻһȻ󻹴һҷľԲ뿴ǱҵģҵĽڲٵףʲô


105 к¼
ĸ߸˧޷֣һĸ߸˧ѧϰ־̣ѧϰֳɹؾȻ̳мĲҵʮۣĸ߸˧ҪҲϸ
һα߸˧ǼǮӣ֣Ϊʲô˵α߸˧أΪĸ߸˧Ժǲ׳ҵģܼǶңһֻԿ࣬ţйϵбˣŬһʧܡ
ǮܱǮǿãһֵǱһܸԿ࣬ŬҲҼŵһ㡣
߸˧и߸˧Ĺǌ˿ҲԼĹ˿ֻһˣǾ˯ԷϷȻηơ
ںߣԴɺɺǼҵعƽˣÿϷ˯ûȥΡ
ʵʱĸҲ̸ģҺͦģԺ뾯̰٣Ȼṵ̂Ǯֺ˾֮ġ
̩ǵְҵ̩ȭѡ֣ҪϵսңΪڶСǱȽϴˣСֵҸŰȻÿԺ֡
ȻӲϳƣһǺϣˡ
ĸÿȥصҾ̸룬ҺܾǰǸնħѾ׵Ժˣԭؼ򵥣ְҵȻǮ죬ʵҲΣյġ
Ӿֶŷˣ˧ˣȻ˵һţãʵܲпᡣ
֮ǰҲˣʵץΣգǧ֣Ҳô࣬ٹϵЩǳͣǺ⣬ҪΣְҵһġ
֪ΪʲôЩǶЩأ޷Ŀȣŵһһ
ڿѧڶѮʱң¿ΣҺ缸׼ȥأŵҵˡ
ѧԺҲżȥǸˣҪоû˼ʱϷŵסңȻҵСĳ˵С԰лμӲ
ֵĿһŵʣɶ°ٷػǸɶ
һһԴһȥٷ棬ʶҲһʱˣһ
ܰǵĹͿרҸɵ£ôȱµǿɲɣ˵һطͦаŵģǲȻȥһ£Ҳ֪ҪԱΪΡŵԴǵĳ˵
õõãҪȥȥûȤ
ŵסҵ˵ιйѵôУҪ㿪۽磬ôȥǹô¾ôˣȥˣߵѧУſڼɢ˵ŵ˸߲ҵܵˡ
ҿһıӰҡҡͷ룬ȥɣҪŵ˲һˣǺΣգ
Ȼ٣ҴĹҲֻг𱨳ԩԩ˭˵׼أֻҪҲȫˡ
뵽Ҿ͸Ҳȥˣŵһˣô£Ҿ͸ŵַȱҪȥû뵽羹Ȼ˵һȥȻ̩СԼȥȥˡ
ҲҵĹӣóһɫıҵļһˣ֮ͦǰҵǰľ
аҲţ޽ղƷҲţţЩôҲˣǿŷ鶼档
ұϱһ̶ұˣҪԷһͦģתͷܣҪôҺ浱ӣҪѧĿˮҲ͹򶷡
˻ᣬʱ쵽ߵУȥûͿŵ˴һɫĵۣɵȱһվſڡ
·ҲǿһĿ͸ϡжһҶ̫˼ȥкɲô˴·ɶ
ŵһ˾ͳ˹˵զû۰
ȿȣȥ㣬̫ҿһ£ҿɲ뱻Ҳ񾭲ʱԶ˵㿴㿴ɵȱץˡ
ɲôȻǸԺ绰ɣ
ҡҡͷɶҲ˵ˣš
˸⳵Ȼŵ˵ǸطȥǸطаȪ˫ǴʯڳͦĵģҾͳŵʣŵطɶطаŰȸ˵˵
û뵽ŵصĻعͷ˵˵к¼ɣ


106 
ȥһŵ˵ģҲüͷô֪ܲȫ顣
ĴžһʮСкϵɱˣʱȫʵʵţ֮䣬һȡ˫ֱŹϣǶͷм仹һСףýӾ¡
˵翪˵˵ӦǱΪıɱŶԣĶ̫ˣϾһСûʲôˣ˵ıɱˣɱû˿
ҲһıɱⲻͨıɱӦаģСʮĵʮ죬ôСΪɷ
ߵʱСľˮмѡ1313죬˵ʱҲӦʱʱӾΪˮΪ𣬳Ϊ𣬺ΪľΪͷۣǷ϶Ҳʬݹ
뿪蹬ǳϣߵĹֳǰ֮Ϊ֮֮49죬Ǿһ
˵Ժŵ;Ŀ˵ֵǸ˰
磬ôģҲô֪ô࣬ϾϷͻȻһ˵ôණҲǰҾ浽ˡ
һ˵ǰ¸ճʱžͰˡ
ȻСĸ˵СɺĹһϵɷȻڵͷȥ
Ҹ뿪˵ʦ˵طˡ
Ų˶˵Сɣϻһѵʵⶫܶ˶ʹãرЩ߹٣ǣܶ඼СģҲ˵Сķ
ҿ˭ûСȴڷźܶߣԷʱ϶һ;ߵľ뿪ǽʲô뺢ӵϰߣرǼûй˼ҲҪཻҲҪǡ
ܶ죬͸˶Զ㣬ΪһСȻˡ
ҲΪСʲôԶʵܶ˼ﶼģ͸ҹ֮һģֻ㲻֪ѡ
طһ̫Ĵӣʮ໧˼ҰɣʱȻȰסŵȥģûŵ˾˳ҵһ˼ѯˡ
磬̼ôߣŵÿţһ긾Ů߳ԺͿˣ긾Ůһ̼ɫʹ䣬ҿŵ·ָ֧֧һȻʹĹ˷š
Ǽ˳ŸղǸŮָķ˹ȥһŵӣֻһӵţǼ߹ȥţܿһʮϺʹ˷š
ŵæ߹ȥʣǿ𣿡
Ϻŵ·ɫһ䣬˵ͷüʣʲôˣ
éɽӣŵͿˣ⼸˶ʦֵܡŵĲҪֱӾʹԼéɽˣһû¶ϲɫǽüʣʲô
ѯӵ򣡡
ûжӣǻȥɡ˵Ҫš
ʱҲǰһ˵壬ȱ𼱣ҲжӾˣǽȥ˰ɣ
ʵ治ӣʵк¼һԺһѵαʿܵҡײƭҪƭǮһʼҲƭ˲٣ʿֱӿˡ
ҿûǮǻȥɡҡͷ˵Ҿ͹˵Ǿͽȥǿͷ˵Ǯۣ߱ǣô
һ˵֧֧ǽȥˣǽȥԺ󿴵Ӳ̫ãͦƾɵġ
һӾ͸ое㲻ԾˣʲôһرֵĸооĽģ޹ʵļӿ˺ܶࡣ
ҲüͷӦʲôŵûûεܽȥι
Һһۣ뿴ҵʱ룬ˣͲ鵽ô£ʵҲͦġ
壬ӵʲôطģ翪ʵĻϻ¶һ˿̾⣬ָм˵⡣
˵ͷ߹ȥҿרҵҲﲻæ
ûһᾹȻſڵñ֪ʲôûһᣬʣ壬ܰڿ𣿡
զˣʣɫеۣǼЦ˵û£ڿɡ
ڵҲ鷳壬ŵԭ˰Ҳûһ˵Ͷ˵ӿ̼ͷͿʼ


107 
̴̵ɫʯ壬ʯǱȽӲӲһЩӲСʯ顣
ŵæ˽ʮӣˣûڵʲô
ǣǲ˰ŵ۵ͷ󺹣˲ͷĺˮ̲סʣǣǲǸ˰طƨûа˵ʲôˡ
ҡҡͷᶨ˵ڣû£϶⡣
ŵ߶߶ļڵԽǹɹĸоԽ̲סʹͳһаһŴ޽ղƷСĵķ
ڵˡͻȻʴһҺһȥѾˣ¶һɫĲ죬æеҶϽ
ŵȻҪһʱͱŵðľʶĶҺı
Һһ̧ۣ֣ʾȱҶȻ˵Сĵ㣬˺һ㡣
ʾǼˣҲǱڳĶһϾԼ澹Ȼڵôһɫ·һĲ죬Ҫǿһ·һ
ŵʣȴſ̴ȥŤͷŵ˵ҲǸоڵܹ죬ҲſŤͷ˳ȥһ㶼ȥԺ˳ְŸˡ
ҲˣûôŵСĵĿڳǸӶҲһڣԵģûĵɶⲻǲô
ҵʱҪţдǿӶˣС˵Сԣż
͹ҳһ˿΢ЦǸӶݣȻߴﹾ˵ʲôһ˾Ͱڵ
羹Ȼ˵ǹйһҾܺ͹֮ģʵҲԺǽ
Щڻ϶԰ʶֱӴ͵Դ棬ֱ˼ʵûɶãǺͨһݣʵǸܹȥظĸ׼ġ
ظ˵Ҫ˵Իܵйż
ֻڵϣͷϵĺˮҲԽԽںҲż֪ںʲôأʱһ룬ʱҪúúѧϰһ¹öãѧһЩҲð
˴ӣǿӶûзӦҾСĳʣ磬ôˣ
˵ͻȻһֻ־ʹ˳ֻֿʮСӵֱһ滹̫һɫ·
ɫѿ˵ⶫкޣҲǰٹ⣬òǰڳˣ̫˰
ٹʵǰһһа񣬰һЩصĹַŽ˲οĹִ඼ȽҺܶγԶѡ
޾еʮһֹҪһĺӣʮʮյʱźȻĻǣһʬطʮ졣
һּĹ֣ͨĹһʵ壬⼸Ѿֻйеһ㣬޾ͱһǿ˲һˡ
һǺޣæó֮ǰҵǰľСĵĽ䱸
ͻȻµĿӶһ֨֨ĹսУһССٻ㣬ǻ࣬ѪɫʮֲֿһɢӴ
һæ˺ü˵ˡ
ҵͷľСӵϾʹȥʲôޣܱҴĶǺޣҲ
ԹԵģһ´ȥǿ治ǿЦģ޸մӿӶ˳Ȼֱһ¸˻ȥ
ҲоֺֻͨһЩͬˣֻľȥʱ͸ͨ˵һȻǰľҲԴڹϣоģôǿʸС
Ҳ̫ҿޱһ´ȥӡ
ںС˵Сĵ㣬ɲɱʵеģϴ绰ϵһЩæ
Ȼŵ绰˳ȥ
֮ǰޱһ´ȥΪⲻզأ˵Ժҿ϶Ū⡣
ǰԸĹģøְ취ɢȻٳȻ߸ɶУҾûˣһǿҾľʮҲûۡ
ѶԸһҲˣһ˿ûа취ҪԭǸһ
ҸǸҳ˹


108 ׷
ֻ޻æ޽ղƷ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷡
Ժҵ߾ͳһɫϣ˿˹ɫϾײ
һһﻹɵҵĴ޽ղƷʻƵô뷨ճһ޽ղƷȻ޻ײ֧飬֩һƬʱӡ
һųһ亹ղһײҹƾȥոˣﰵһĲף漴һ뻹治ܹУӦ̫ˣϾֻڰٹŵʮҲ֪ȥ
ЩҲˣұһӾ˵ڵϣſҵĲӾҧ˹ͺҵĲӵĹζѼһ
СĻһҪϣҶҲͰˣҳа˳žĶͷϣ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
аҲһ󵭻ɫĹâһ죬ͰӸ˻ȥҲһˤ˵ϣæľʹȥӾԱһһɵľͶ㿪һ¡
˺üΣһﶼɵĶ㿪ˣҶʱûˣͺ׷£۵òˣ޻ǻġ
žһ޹ƸоҴûɶ˼ײ˳ȥһǼһܳȥˣҲˣƿ˳ȥͿһ棬һҳʣôˣ
ˡҿ˿Ļʲô޵ӰӰһˣˣ˵ˡ
ҿɱΪߵʲôè蹷ǰ˶ΪԺ󲢲Ҫּ˾ɱ͡
Ҳԣ棬ɫڵʲôˣȥ϶Ҳģ磺ô죿
ô죿Ұ޸մӵ³Ҫ󲹵ʱǧɱˣֻҪɱһһ֮˵Ļǣôʵ϶򲻹˵̾ʣʲôطܵģ׷
ǱߡָŸղǼһܵķ򣬸׷򻹺úͳеķ෴Ҳ뿪ӵķһ棬̸ٵķ
ҧԼָȻһѪ̵м䣬ѪȻγһͷҺ͸ͷ
ʮӣܵһƫƧĹ·ϣ·ϻһɫСγʱͣԭأڶҺһۣüͷΪָָҳӻڶѲǳǺ޴ˣѾˣĻǣ
ҺҲҶ룬Ǻ˻Ǿ͸ͣˣһ޾ͻǿһ֣⳵̫ĤܺڣҹϿ棬ӶԽԽˡ
Һֱ̧Ⱦͳų˺üţӵľʹ˺ü¶û߿Ӱһͻˣá
߲ҿʯͷҴʱͻȻžȻˣҺһæ˺üžȻ߳һʮ꣬ӣһһɫְҵװŲŶʮһŮ˻ġ
Ҷʱˣ˼ǸҰѵأҺ˶ʱе㲻˼ˣ˼ںݵʱҺֱȥţҪλ˼ں͸СŮݵʱ˵һţҲŪ
Ȼһָأأ컯ǬҴٰ
ȥӸǰɴٵˣҲԣϵģҺһﻹſʯͷԭ׼ҳģҲѹֻΪǴٵˣҺأӿû˵ʼһЦָ۾˵ҲңҲȥ˭ܳ˵ùֻӲƲɫӿʼӿأ˵ͳһǮһǮ
ٵôʯͷָǸӺӱŵûʧɫָʣѵɫģҲҪ˵ķ⻹ڶôôġ
ⶺŪʯͷͻȻһֱû˵ǸŮͻȻһУҺһ治֪ʲôʱȻһֻ֣ȻץסŮ˵ĲӾͰŮ˳棬ȻŹˣ洫Ů˵Ĳҽ


109 
Һ˼ˣǳȥһ߿ǸӣȻʯͷҲҲȥһңӲ֪ɶʯͷʮ²һӸҿˡ
ҿҿԺóһа֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
ȻͰѷ˽ȥ洫һ̶˵ʲôоͦģͻȻǸҳĲһѪܵССѪϻԺԹĿһۣȻһһĽŵأѸٵܵˡ
һ׼׷ģȴһס˵Ⱦˣ̫ˣ׷ϵġ
šҵ˵ͷҺǸҪԿף򿪳Žȥһʱû˵ģҲûʬ壬ҲûҲ̫£ʱĳ̫˵㣬Ӷ⣬ǸŮԴѾˣԽʲôĵǣһŨҵѪζ
ҼʬҲôҵҴûǰѧУѧϰһЩ֪ʶĿҲٿֲͼƬֳ󰡡
һҡҡͷ̾˵ˣûþˡ
Ұһ£룬ⲻǷϻôԴûˣеþȲأϵҲѾֻ޸ˡ
Ҳ˵ھΣģܶ˿Що²ؼ߸߹Լû¾ˣʵûѣҪΪĹʧһ˵Ļھ
ҵʱҪǺ粻ȥСӣŮҲܹҰ뵽Ҳ̾˿ҡҡͷԱߣҵļ˵졣
һ𳤴Ȼʮ˽ңҵŰο̾˿˵˵ף죬һղŻǰģһӾˣ
谡ɱˡǸߵԱһһȻ˹ȥ
룬ֻɺɺȥɺɺںһҲûʱô࣬Ҫֵ绰ɽ˹ȥŮ⸱ֱӱĻؾ鰸ӿ϶ΪıɱʱҺؾһٶƹǿɾԩˡ
ɽʱһˣæ˵ҵţȻ͹Ҷ˵绰
˴Ŷʮӣ߰Ϳ˹˶ʮ죬һҽЩԺӾͱȥ¼ڹˣɽʱҲһܵǰȻһ۳ڵʬ壬ɫͱúѿȻԱһеݣӦʮ꾯˵Ϣ½
꾯˵ͷ͹ȥЩ첻֪˵ʲôˣһܰһЩֻ֣ǲ⹫İµ˲͸¶ԼˣѶ͸¶͸¶ԺḺΡ
ҴҲɽΪʲôһˣȻҲ͸¶һ˵½ͷʬİҪǴȥָЩýֵôҡˣҲɽĵһ⡣
ȻΧľ쿪ʼѲֳžͰҺľϴȻʣСԣС裬⵽ô£Ͻң
ҺɽҲûɶģ͸ɽҲͷƣԺҲҡͷ̾ĳ˵˵ģҲԸˣôճ
֮ǰҲһֱ⣬취ֻһˡԥʣһ¼С𣿻һץ֣¡
ɽҡҡͷЩֻм룬ڸгĸгڶأ϶ûʱгаҪˣһľ밲һ㣬϶Ը룬ϾԼҪݵʱϽһɲС
һģƴƴȲЩһΪԼ档
û취Ļֻȥѯһڸгˣæһ£Ҳ֪ԸԸܣΪƬڹܣͺͶֶףڳһ±Է˵¡ɽҡҡͷ
û£üȻǸ޿ǣſڼӦǲ˵ģֻҪ֮һͺˡ
ʵһôأΪǰ˵ʱţƵģһĵʿûʣΪҲ뵽ˣʵʮִˣʱţƣҲġ


110 L
Һ϶ǲܻȥˣɽȥѧУ˰µļ٣Ϊɽ棬ѧУҲɵľ׼ˡ
ҪľҪæϢһڶɽʹҺȥˡ
ʱ˵ɣ˾͵ˣɽߵ¥һŸгӵİ칫ſţһȥ칫ҺܴģǸھȻѾˣںϴοҪ㲺ܶ࣬ܶෳһһǽɽʣɽ˵м£ôˣ
ɽ߹ȥָɳҺ˵һɣ̫ˡ
Һߵɳ£輸ϻкܶ㣬ҸȻܿͿʼԣ˵ͦóԵģɽԱ߿ʼľ˵Ժ˿üȻߵҶ£ҺʣλˣԭǾ飬ʮָлλæ
ûû£Һ籾ҲǶУģǾУһԱ֪˵Цһ˵ɴСĻ鴫ڿֻţСĻǲҪй¶ȥ
ţҵڵĺ󻰡
ץԮĻĸг̾ͻЩ鴫ȥϾҵĵط飬ҵӰʮִġڽü˵
һһĲ輸վ˵ˣ㻹Щ棿
ڿҲе㲻ˣһ˵һͲˣԼǳԼȥ˵˵ȥ
г𰡡ɽҲеҲסˣϾҺҲģ˵Ϊأһ˻סٳҲа
һü˵׾Űɣǽ˵ҲͲˡ
Ҳһϲ԰ôʦ˵ˣæ绰˹ȥܿͽˣʦ˯һʣɶأĸҴ绰
æ˵ʦˡ
ʦһʣʲô£
æľȫʦʦԺҲɵҲȥóܳ
ʦڶ˺ö࣬ҲûһҲ֪ΪʲôôúԺ˵Ҳô㣬ǿʲôèģԺҲóѵˣһвˣ˧ģǻ˵ģ֪𣿡
šҵ˵ͷ֮ǰҲȷǰһп̫ˣʦſ˵Ҫʮ߸ҶԸˣֻһϳÿҴ绰һȥȥģҪ£ˣ˹ɣ̵ģֵװȥˣ
˵ʦڶҶ˵绰ҲεĿЦһ£Ҳû뵽ʦӦȻôңʵ治ܹʦʱҲ̫£Ҳж˵ٹǰʮĹжͣʱҸûֲľǿԲϵ꣬ԽʵԽǿһĹʵҲ͸Թģһ˵Ҳ̫ǣԺ޸һ
ʱҲ뿴Ǹڸгɫ͸뿪ˣȻҺͻصԼӵȴʦ˵ҪˣʦʵҲ˵룬ɼ˿϶һ㣬ɽҲǵ鿴ʲôطֹ֮ġ
ʱһһŵ쿿ڵʱҺڼҿأͻȻҵ绰ˣ绰һȻһİĵ绰һӾʹһͦдԵ
ǳ»ӻ˵͹ˣһɶ·أһҵ̫ˣʼ򣬺æһ˴һ·Ȼϳ⳵ͳŻȥҺյڣһ׼ղŸҴ绰˴ȥء
ˣԱһ˿ˣŤͷһ̫˧ˣգ֪ôݣ۾߱͸ӾĴһһɫTһɫţп㣬ͷܳģȻ޷ڸ˧
ֲ嶵һɫĴƤ䣬ߵҺǰ˵ǺãL
LüëLޱĿ˵ʦǸ޷ų˶԰ɣ
ţ԰ҵ˵ͷL˵ͷ˵ȥסĵطɣúϢһ£̫ˡ
˵ҲŷȻŨŨĺȦæһ⳵żҵķȥ§LļʣLĸɵģ
ɽLޱӣʮֵǷ⣬ʮֵ˧ֻŮͻ͡


111 ǰ̵ı
һüͷLʣɽL
еڶL𣿡Lޱѯʣæҡҡͷû˵ҺĳʣôLܳô
Ȼ翴һԵL˵̽Lɽӣʮ꣬ѹͬеʿͼץ֣ץһԱץԱ˸̽ĳƺš
ȥôק
LĻҲû¶һ飬͸ЦһһŤͷʣ˵˰ɣϢˡ˵˾ͱۼˣǰǸ⳵˾ҺĶԻҲǰ񾭲ˡ
˼ԺLҲżץܵҵӵͷ˯ˣҿʱ䣬ⶼˣҺľڿ򿪵ӿLӣŵҲ΢ƽһ㡣
ſûһأɣ˼Ҳˣһɫ˶װһͳ˵⼸ɶأˣԲۡ
Һһۣ˵˵飬ġ
Ȼ͸˼˵˼ҲýζģǸŮôһһ㶼£һŮĹƶñŵιȥˣģ⺮˼Ҳ湻Ůӵġ
ܱ𣿺ܴϢġͻȻLʹŵ˵˼һLһͷļһﻹҳ˵һվָLӣ˭㣬ǰɣ
æģ̽Læס˺˼Ҫסƺ˼͵һˣһŴУǺͺ˼򣬻˵ⱲΨһܴ˼Ĺֻʦĸˡ
L۾˺˼һۣʼɳϣ˺֣Ȼ˫ȶɳϣɳԼԼһһ˵˵˵ôɣ
ҸLһʱͻȻͿڵǣн
ðɣʻ˼æģнҲŲ˵Lһ磬ҡҡͷһڲ˵˵ɡ
ȻҾͰ̸˵ˣLԺǹһ˿ЦݣȻ󿪿˵˼˼
ҿLȰ˵װˣôǣֻ˵ô°ɡ
L輸ϵһ֧ʣȻҧűͷĬһ˵ǰ̰
ǵʲôLվ˵˵ĶץֵľԻļǲй¶ȥ
ץռһܹĶʡݳ˺ܶٹϵĹָĶڽڸ˳ܶѵһĹˡ
ҾʣȻأ
ȫʧˡL˫۶֧ʣ˵ͳƣһʮֻҸݵ鶼Ǳһа֯ץˡ
̽ʣ̣
L˵ͷûû̵֪ʲôøٹϵĹȻ뾡취ץȥȻ̵֪ʲôϵֻɷֻ޾Բ
˵ôأֱȥǾͺ˰Lʡ
Lҡҡͷ˵ûô򵥣ֲС˵棬ʵλ
ҲֻɻΪʲôҪץٹĹѡL˫ֲ嶵ߵ̨Զ˵жɣѺץҴץֿܡ
L˵Ժͻص䲻֪׼ʲô˼椿϶ǲʾģæ˵ȥʰһҺһȥץǸޡ˵ͱıܻԼķ䡣
̾˿ʣ磬ץֵǸʲôأ
룬˵ʵʼûץ֣Ǻܶ¼С飬ǺǹҸо̫ͳһҲ鷳Ծͳץ֡
ץһʮˣΪܶ࣬й23ʡ54ֱϽУ2ر34ʡһֳλã˾ֳ⣬ÿ˹൱һʡÿʡ¼С鶼˹ܣʮĸֳֹܡ
ҵ˵ͷҲһʣôǸL൱һʡȥ
ҡҡͷһ˵ôţĳЩʡȨҲû󣬱ֻҪ¼մߵģ͵ģ¼ģҲܲţֹȷġ˵ЩҲסһأǸڸԵĵֻ̣Լĵ̳ŻȥƽʱڱĻػԼʲôġ
ҵʱһô˵ԺҲأû뵽Ϳ˵ҲˣȺһ϶ʮˣLһ츳˲ܽģһ˸ȥÿˣɮٰ


112 Сɽ
ߵʱ˾ͳˣLǼһﾹȻ·洩һƤʵĽףǱģ׺ͨĲһȻװ˰ѽıҲŰ˰ľ
˰ѽ̲һȫLı󣬿˧ˣ֪ԭLǸƤװŵ˰ľ
ȥ硣ҿL˰ѽ̲ס̾L˧һͿֱ˰ѽһ¾ȥˡ
ɽľһֻŲŻġҶС˵һǱѧ
˼ǴһɫĽƤ£һɫСһľǴһһѵǸ
ҵĶҲʰ˺ˣҺɫıȻ˾ͳˣLȵ޵ĵط
˸ʿһ·ɳۣϵ췢ĵط
ʱѾߵˣҹɫҲˣǽΧںġ
žˡҿ˿˵طó⳵ʦͣ³ӣǮĸ³ˡ
ų⳵Զȥ˼L˵ιʲôֱӲǸʲôطͺô
Lޱҡҡͷҿ˿˵Ժһطʼգ̲ƶ϶⸽
ȻLóһƴָһ⣬һɫָ룬Lָָָ·
ָĺͻȻתȻָԶһɽ£ȻǽҲһЩСɽ´ڵġ
ˣǾŰɣȥץˣǸ̫ΣˡL˵Ҫߣһס˵ȵȣǸһҲǶģ˵ֻҲûô򵥣Ҫ̫˵Դġ
LĻ룬ŵ˵ͷ
·ǸСɽ´а빫ɣȻܽʵһѾģ;ΧһƬƽԭϻкܶĲݸ߹ϥǡ
ҵʱ²ȵˣ˴С֪Ϊʲôߡ
ãһʮӾߵɽ棬ɽҲһ׸߰ɣһЩϿ滹ɭġ
L˵̫ˣǷֿңһһ棬Ҫҵ˾ʹУСɽҲʮ֮ڸϵ
磬Ȼǻһ߰ɣȻױǸһơһû˵Lͺ˼ѾȥˣʣҺˡ
ҺһͿ˵ëϣֿ߾ͷֿߡȻľͳȥˣҿƽʱô˵綼ˣٲϾûˡ
ʵҲ֪ȥһֿ͵͵ȥˣȻǺ֪ģʱҲ֪
ֿʱ绹Ҽ˵Ҫ£һôҪ˾ʹУһܹġ
磬ҲСĵ㡣ҳ絣ĵ˵˰˵ҵİΣȫõģҵĵѲǴģ
˵ͷֿˡ
˵ʵϵģôһɽҰһ붼ˣرͣҲͳ˴޽ղƷֻҪһʹá
޽ղƷһţôҲԵסǸһӣŵLɣ뵽ҲһЩе¡
ʱҲû¹⣬ģҲóֻ˹һǸǺܿƣ
СһһǰߣͻȻҶʲô⣬ߴߴߴߴ
ͷһݣϵģѵǸˣ˼ǰ澹Ȼһ߷еƹ⣬߶أ˿ԭ˼ס
ʱﻹڴߴߴߴߴҲ֪ڸɶţ˵ֹǸϽ뿪
ҺԺͻȻʧˣͷһݣе㲻ԾɽҰģƵطôס
뵽תͷͿŤͷһһŮûȻǸɱŮˣʱһɫ·ƮҺ棬˫ֺҪץһ
˫ָڣ׳ޱȣ˿һצҪҵС
ҲϵĿ񱼣Ҳڴ𣺡Lˣ
ʱҵĻаģ㿴ĸԺͷܣڴ󺰾ô
⻹治ܹûãҵ̫ܣǵ̫
˴ԼʮӣұܱߺõһɶˣϴŴҲܲˣ룬ɣƴˡ
ŤͷһǸŮͣˣҲһצӳҵץ
Ҳ޽ղƷ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷡


113 
ʵ֤ҲֽģŮһײڴ޽ղƷ淢һҽУ͵˻ȥ
Ҳֻ΢Ļζһ£ֻֻޱֱرҲ㲻ϣһֻԩꡣ
ҿ˿ûǸ޵Ӱ뱻׷ôԶһӵĻθаȻôԩ׷ôң˵һʲôӣ
˵ӣӱıóǰľҪ֪ҲˣͲǵǸһԩܰˣתĳ»ˣǶȻЩ»ҰҵĶ֡
Ǹ޽ղƷײȥԺҲڵϣһľȻľŮȥ
ŮҲڵϣһֵĿңһûعʱͻȻҸоһɺϮ͸ԭģһ½˿յŵһ
ͻĺһһҲҼֻŮӱóһŴ޽ղƷСĵķ
Ҹó޽ղƷҾ͸оϷ̧ͷһʱǸ޾Ȼұϣ
ϵģ޴һ£ˣﻹϴ¸µĹ졣
æԱһ㿪һ£ҵĲӾͱסˣ̫ˣ޾͸һرݣץסҲӵ˲ſͳҵĲҧ
˿ҵʱҪǲӦĻ³ͻǰǸŮһʱŴ޽ղƷæ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷡
ҵĲӹƻ׵ʱһֲˣͻȻһɫϳˣû뵽޾ȻһھҧϣŵҶˡ
ʱýҲ޵ˣȫǺڵģ͸һݸһ춼ǣﻹлɫҺ壬رģҪһҧȥҾˡ
ҧƴ޽ղƷ֮˳ƳҵĲҲҧˣһĺëҲûиоȻôţͷ涼ڸһ
ֻҧҲϵʱҲ۾ʹȴһֱûд˫һԼı澹Ȼɢһ󵭽ɫĹâֹâ͸ղŵĴ޽ղƷһ˸о꣬ʥĸо
ô£һޣȻҲ˺һĿңټҡ
ͻȻԭ򣬾Ȼǿŷ飬֮ǰҵǿŷɢһɫĹâҶʱҲ̲סˣҲоû
ЩʲôԽΣԽԽΣԽ侲Ǳģǰıŵòӣû˲֮ǰҲһЩΣգҲһֱΪԼˡ
һ룬ʱʵǸûҸо飬ȴͬҪŷ飬ľˡ
Ҳ˲۽ǵᣬûŲԶĺޣҲ֪ô졣
ţûͺá
ͻȻұʹLLҲģܹһź۾һ˵þˣͽˡ
˵ԺLһľԼĽ£췽Բ£±ʣء
ҲֹʱLȴһ˵ƣΧϵ
Զĺ޺ҲǸо˲ԾֻܵŮԱߣſͰֻŮ븹תҪܡ
L˫ֳһʼϲŵľȻȾͳȥһžͰѺ߷ײһȻһ޵ؿڣϡ
Ȼֳѽֱס޵ֽţһĲӣȻľLЦһ
˵Ժ󣬰˰ľϾȻֳһ׷澹Ȼ׷˲˰ľֳһĵ⣬ҲʹĲҽ
Lľź޵ؿڲϵĿٶҲԽԽ죬һһĿȥ͸ӾЩĽһ
ɽѧԴð˰׽նħղһʼLһľΪۡȻȥһסźޣҪǲֱӾܵ
ȻľϵִޣΪѾĹ֣ԱôڻɢȻĻɢȻֱӿԴҲһҲûС
ʱͻȻһİס֣


114 
LûӾĶһһ˺ס־Ĳˣ෴ϵĽֿ˼֣ĳ޿ҳҺ»ԣסǸˣȡʱ䡣
šҵ˵ͷҲ˲øղűŵĻڻûˣԱߵվһҵұһ˳LǱȥ
˴һɫװ۾»һס峤ɶӡ
ļƾͺҪǸһҶεģȻLڹǸޣҲǳԸɷģҰȾͳȥ˾һȭȥ
û뵽˷ָһȭͷҵϣѾȻúܣұһȭֱӾ͸ſ˵ϣԴԺġ
LŤͷұ򵹣ͼæ󺰣˼
û뵽˼Ȼˢһ¾ʹӲԶһݴ˳ǴһɫƤ£֮ǰҲû֡
˼Ժ˵һȸǸɨȥһ˼ĹǿɲǴģ˱ߵ˺ü
ʲôˣ˼Ȼûмüͷ˼ʲôһ
û˵ȭͷ˺˼ϴȥ˼һ㣬˼һȭ˺˵ؿڣȻһĺ
磬㣡˼Ժ˼˵
ɶԭڵװأһǺ˼վ˵ǣզ°ҸղҪǿں˼ˡ
ֱң˫ۿź˼Ƭ̲ŵ˵ͷʵ˳ҲզΣƾ˵û˧ǿù۰ɣȿȣĵģߴҲһҰɡ
㳤ˡҲǺ˼˵ͷ̾
㲻ʧʱ䵽ȥˣ㲻֪׾Ǹ˵Һܵ𣿻Уô˼˵žͿ޿Ҫǰһһ
˺ָűϵĺ˵ģÿ
˼һ£ʼν˵ǰ̵ˣÿȻɱ㡣
ܵģôܼأ׾Ǹ˵ᱻġ˼˼˵
Цһ£˵ÿ˵ƿ˼LǱ˹ȥ˼Ҳûˡ
LŤͷһҲˣֻڻɢɫӫˣٸLͿ԰ûɢˣܹˣLεóһŷǰѲںؿڵľа
ȻͲܺˣŤͷŰ˹ȥһóһС죬ϣ͸ʱһ˻֣Сͳ˺ܶLΧ˹ȥ
Ӵ󣬺ںģƬɭ͸һҿһɵ㶻ڷĺ˼æŴ޽ղƷ˺˼Լϣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷡
ô޽ղƷЩǽߵģL˸׵ľвϵЩҲвٵĹ»ҰܿҺͺ˼Χɶˣֻ޾ĺɫ
Ҳ֪淢ʲô飬ŹʮԺΧɢȥվһLһǱڵ˹ȥİ˰ľҲɢڵϣһʼϵĺҲʧˡ
ܹȥLһ£ãûΣգҲڣֻǱ˴ˣ˼ҲǱ˹ȥ
ҵʱҲ֪ôˣϾɽϣιȥˣһҲҲֻиһ绰æŰ˸ȥȻһҽԺ
ڶҽԺҲѯL׷ʲô飬ԭLĵȻаɷܴ󣬵ԻȴûãһаԱҲкܶɷȴͬһʼЩֻǸСٻĶѣû˿ɷġ
Lĵ԰ȻûãʱLȻòƴ򲻹˼ӦҲģLȻԸֵʱޱȣսҲǸҲǱȭͷ̵ˡ
֪ԺҲĲţ˵ģͰʮʱʶʱ򻹲ʶأ˹ϵһֱܺá
ǸȻҲǱˣҲϿģֻɷаϵأǵʱ֪ϴɷɣҪ֪϶ġ
˼ҽԺѹҲһֱл㱵ġ


115 
˼ԣԿڷķ˼һ͵˼ߣû뵽˼ҡҡͷ˵ԡ
㣬㶼һûԷ˰̾˿ѹԺл㱵ģҲԣҪҽҶΪǾˡĵ˵˵Բԣ˵ȥ޼أȥԵҲ˵׼
˵⻰˵ģҶ̫ţϾȥԵ׵ĻҸ񶫵͸¶ƾ׾ŵı£ץ׾٣ֱһ˰̵ܻҲԡ
ڶԸ˰̵ԭûа̵䣬ȻˣһޣڰҲִɨϴͰĻɫҲӦǸСͷĿˣ϶Ҳ֪صġ
ˣҡҡͷҲҸõĵĶҪ˼Է͸Сһʳ̾ҡҡͷȰ˵룬׾Դģֺһ𳤴󣬲׾ŵҲҪӰ϶սа̵Ե׵ġ
𣿡˼еˣң˫ɢһϣҿź˼Ҳ۵úܣһʱ뺷ŮӾȻ⸱ӣҡҡͷ
ʵҲ⣬λ˼ͻȻа̣ҿ϶ҲȺ˼òȥ˵Ȼˣ룬˧ֺãʲôĶɣȥ뵱Ƕ϶û⣬ȥаԱ챻ͨô϶ΪᣬŽа̵ġ
Եģ˵Լеˣ˼˵Щ˫۷ŹҳҵĶͷһ˵ԹҸôаأ϶ȥԵȥˣߣϵ»ȥ˵꺮˼ֱ·ȥ·ȥˡ
ҿź˼ıӰղű׵ĵطҡҡͷ֣ŮҲ̫Ʊˡ
ԱߵĲչLأLҲ˵òᣬˣԭչ˺˼ģϾչһŮչһ˧磬˶ѡǰߣѡߵĶͬ־ɡ
һ뺮˼˴ȶټıأһһСıߴߣɳԲͰչ˺˼ˣȥչLˡ
˼һɫȹ˵ĺƯȻɫǺܲ԰ףо˵ʣ⣬ҵʱһֱ˼ź˼һ·ֵģ˿ϵ»ֱͿʼУҿͻȻʲôطˡ
ʵڵŮ̫װˣܶƢȽϻ𱬣ȴװúŮܶŮ໰˵ͻһЩҲװģ˵˸ҵС
Ǻ˼˵໰ȴ˸оҲȥ˵໰װʲôҲ֪ΪʲôǺʵһˣʲôʲôģ±ˣֻһʵԼҲһֱΪˣûûΣŲۡ
˼ԺŴ˸ã˿ڿֲ˵Ҿ취ȥ׾˵˵Ҹ϶ȥԵ׵ģˡ
еЦõĸо
Ȼ˼һҵ֣Ư·˵ӣ·ϲˡ
Ҫˡ
Ҫˡ
˼ҹ˰죬ʲôϲҪˣ黹ǻǮգ治۵ġ
صҽԺѾˣ˼Լ˲û¾͵L緿䣬ʵ鷢ԺһûL
ҽȥһLȻҲմķأҳʣզˣ
Ƶ˵⺢Ӳ֪Ϊʲôܴˣˡ
סLǰ˻ΣL۾ûգҾ˵ȥˣǰɣôһ¾ܴˡ
ͻȻLͿˣˣ
ɶⰡ㱻˴ˡ˵㵽զˣ˵
û뵽L˿컨˵ˡ
Һ˿Lӣε˵գˣô찡ʦŪˣ²ýˡ
LҡҡͷŴ⣬˵ŷˣû裬ֻе̾
̾ɶʡ
ұΪҲ䣬һֱӮȥû뵽컹ˡLһ¾վ
Һһ֮²ŵ֪ԭLС淽涼ǵһδҲһֱԸκͰսȻԼ棬޷ԭԼʧܣԼܵ˴
Ҫ˵žǲһⶼܱ


116 Źһ
ڶLʧǵ뿪죬˵ҪɽޣL˼ҲԺˣ˼û£ڱҺһ£Ľ⿪ˣȻûˡ
ǾͻѧУˣʱѾˣҪѧˣں޵Ҳû취Ҹɽ˸绰˵ѾˣҲͦ˵ģ˵ҪҳԷ˵ˡ
ʼķ߻ŵһǵʱͱڳĶŵˣҲ֪ڳʬ壬һѧУһȥԭºƹȥֹĳıɱأġ
û뵽ŵȴһҲ£ôȥ˻˷ܵҪһǲڵĹǲǻץʲôһܵ˳Ҳ֪˵ɶѲɸţƺץʦûǣҲͲˡ
صңû뵽һĴʲôһ̩С־Ȼ׵ģæ߹ȥʣôǣ͸ڰĸɼˣ
̩ܰҡҡͷ˵
ԭ»ͽϲйأǰ̩СģͰѽϲƽгȥ棬û뵽ǸٶǽϲƹװƵһȻ߰˸ӰСֺ̩һ١
ȥ߰˸Ӷѣ㲻Ǿţ˵ܴʮôһСڡҿ̩˵̩ҲرȥܴôСһֲǲ֪һѾ
һŪǸСӡ˵ҾȥҹӣѧУȻѧϰܵúϸ񣬵ԴܶŹȴʮɣֻҪֳ򣬾͸Ӳ࣬˿·ԼֵܾȥɼܣһҶżһ
ͳһȻԵȽϺãûкͱҴҪġ
һһľͳУţһУǼɵˡ
˵֪ǸһסɶطεĻͷ̩ʣȥҪȥˣסɶط֪涪ˣΣͳֻϲƲ˸绰ýϲһһʲ֪һһKTVء
һڹʱһµǺǨˣǽ£ط𽥷չҵȦҵֺĿС
쵽£ܿҵǸKTVKTVС͵KTV˰ѽ·棬Ȼߵǰ̨ʣһĸ䣿ѣġ
ٰԵȡǰ̨һʮ˾ӣһһģóһСӣָ˵ֱ߾ˡ
лˡ˵ͷͳǸȥ
Ǽһֵܣ϶Ūһ٣Цأ֪ʦôţƣѲɻװӣǱС˵ڣĸֱһžͰ߿˸ȾƳء
һ۾Ϳһˣ߸һС죬ϻ˵ȻˣЦأУѵ⼸С죿
һҲүֵܹܺǲֱͳӣָһӽ㡣
һɫһ䣬ҰǸǸҶңѧУǼ
̩һüͷסңС˵ŻŻˣһ˾鷳ˡ
ĸӳЩȥһһӾȥӹû뵽һ򣬸û㣬һӾſˣǼҳˣҲĴſ߸ˡ
֪Ұ˭ܳүġһڵĹЩĶľһţ˵һҽҩѣҸѲ״ģ
ܳǵСҪһ򡣡
ҲǳһţȻ˵㿴Ҵ⼸˵ָ׶ѿˣģ󹤷ѣǷѱѵģһǸŻݼۣϽǮ
һһûιȥ˵̫ˡ
һǹԹԵ˳ȥȡһȻ˲ŷǼߵģߵʱһ͸Ӿķһһ䣺ҵš
Ҳ⣬Ҳ򲻹ңϵǸɽͽ𽨹ҲǳԸɷģʱɽͽ𽨹˵飬ûɶ¡
ߣտȥõһǮǼһǧʣµǧͳȥտȻĺȾƣǸտ̯ϰ嶼ŵˣ˶ҲǲˣôҵҲˣֻǵ˵ڶ鷳ˡ


117 뿴
ǵʱϣڴ˯أͻȻžͺһ±߿ˣϴˣΪǸһ˻أ׼ɣһ˿ľȻϵΡ
ϵοɲ򵥣ǰһֵĸֳأڻ쵼ӵʱվ˶ӣְˣòйϵŵѧУ˸Ρ
ֺģһװˣվԶ㻹治о֣׳ԵѧУҲ
˵ǰѧУиͬѧһ죬ǸʮѧУſڣҪ֪ɶѧУǾУʱϵֱ࣬ٶȥʮøģЩ챨˲¡
ҿˣҲЦ˵֣ŴģɶŰ
ϵ˽˺ǺǶ֣ҲֺǺǵġ
û뵽ƽʱֺǺǵһŭ⣬һۣȻܵ磬С֣̩˵Ĵλʹ˼ţߵ죬СҲԺԭеһ־ŭȫȡ֮һɻ
˯ƨϽҳȥӵǸȻĸ͵ñˣ˵ýȥһʱ䡣
𰡣ô°ֵʡ
ǲǴһһ飬˼Ҷˣ˵٣
ȥүģСûʰզأһӴ͸ֹأһƨɾһ˼Ҿ̾ӶӳˣһѾ죬ֻҪ̬һҪǳη
һҲüͷоеˣ˵ʱûô࣬һҪҽҩҲǹأ˭˾͵ԷǮ˭ȥֱ˵Լˣ
Ѳȥ߾˵һһ٣ȻһʱָףҪһҽҩѣ
ܳС֣̩Ҳˣ̩һԼĴ˵û£һһ˵˵Ҹɵģѧô
ûô򵥣ǿܻᱻ٣ˣ˵ôҲ鷳ǸϽȥ˼ҵǸָ֪˵ԺҲæһУ
ǵУһɫľûѫµģϸ˵㲻Ͼ
˸¥Ϳͣ·ߣԱ߻߸̾һųء
Ȼᶼŵ㣬;춯ֱ֡Ͼֳָģ֪е·ֻҪû;춯һкֻҪһֵĻʾͲһˡ
Ҳ˵ͷ߽Ժŷ֣滹һʮ˼ң˼ҴһȻУʱ滹һʮӡ
ӿ׳һˣУֲ֪˵˼ʲôʹ򿪳³˹
һҲС˵־һĸں˹ܿ졣һ˸̾һһ˰Χ
ǸʲôҲֻǻɽ׶ΣҲȵȻСĸңǸղŴӳǸ꾯̾ӵĶӳܽ棬ֺ
ܽȼһ̣ߵǰ۾ʣ˭ǳ»ԣ
ԥһ¾˵ңôˣ
һû˵꣬ܽһܽҵԴͳ˹ûܶ㿪һ´ϣһӾͱ鵹ڵϣԴԺģҪվǸվһƨȥԴ˵ۣ͸Ҫըһ
Ҹү
ڵϾֻ̩Ƿŭĺžʹܽ
ȫѹߣУѧ٣֪ȹؽȥ󡣡
ȻԺľ͸о˰Ȼ̧̧ȥģҾ˹ȥʲô֪ˡ

Ժ۾ŷ⾹Ȼǿ棬Դ˿Χ䲻Ҳʮƽȴʮˣӵһʮ̵꣬Ĺͷȴռ˺ܴһط
ʮҲûп磬ҰãˣҲǶУģô֪ܲ⿴ŵ
ܿǸͷͳʣʲô½ģ
ûشԼҵһյĴ̣ҪԱһõļһҵĶӾһţȻԵģϴ㻰㲻Ӧ
˽ġüŶ˵Ǹͷȴȣ˵Ҳܽ䣿Щĸ쿳ˣѪģ˹͵ż˰ɣ
룬˵Ǹ


118 ̫
Ҳ˭֪ĹôǸͷ۾ʡ
ɶأװʣĹ޷ǾһϴĻ
ϣǸǸͷЦһ£ȻʼԼƤ˵˴ûЩһͷ̫ӲûԹʮһġ
һɫͱ䣬Եģ˰ֻɫˣԱʮҲֻĿҡ
˶棬ǲǷˣվͷʣͷʼ˵ĸϹˣ
ܳү֪ڲܷҪǷĻҾһˣҪ汻˱˾ջɱˡ
Ͻ죬ԵġͷЦеĿ˵
Ц˵аſ־ͰͣӲһҧգҲԣ
˵һͶſ죬ͷеķӦͷпҵ˫ۣҲʾĵ˰죬ͷʼ˵û˼
˵ʹ˿ӣܵһˣԱмæȥŵĲֺ
ȷʵǱųһ亹ԣ⿴Ҳ̫ڰˣҪܳȥԺһþ죬ΪЧ
Լߣ⿴ʮˣΪɣһЩǸ֮ǰǸͷеģǰڣһЩӦúһģǸͷҲһһ٣Ǵˡ
֪ΪʲôǸͷȴûңûһۣͦɻģҵԱһˣҲǺ͹ͷر׽һ⡣
˾Цһ˵ҪǽϴϴһǺõģµľǲ㣬٣ûȻǿ㶼пܵġΪãͷУֻǲ뻨Ըѣ㿴ǱǸһǰģһʼţƺ˵ԼʲôطĴ磬˼ԺǸˣ˵ϸϸˡ
˳˵Ļ˹ȥǸ˾Ҷ洲̵ģ񣬾ڴϺ˯һһʼһΪǸ˺û˸ء
ˣҵʱֻһѩӣ߰־һһ治һξеĸǿˣһȺٽŴ塣
Ȼ͸˵һɷʱ򣬸ûҵķݣҸõͱ˹ȥӦ˵зˣȻѺóԵȫԹԺԼ׽ļ˳ԣԺһЩиŸ˳ԣûҷݡ
ʱҾѾеˣ类ˣڶڶˣһֱûԷҪȥϾ͵군
һл㱵ĹȥˣڴʱǸ׼ҶֶŵˣҴɶģ̫Ķˡ
ֱ˵Ϸĸоû治ףĶˣͻȻſھо캰»ԣ㡣
ЩŰˣæܵſڣһӶˣû뵽ĻǺ˼
˼һЩԵģҾ˵ôɫô԰ףôˣ
û£˸ŵģɶҲ˵ˣɶԵģϽҳԣȻҿˡ˼ĶҲôˣͿʼˡ
Ȼ߰˸ϣҿһģҷ־ȻζҴûԹôóԵĶ
ҲŸճԺʹ
СӣҳԶʳ
Ťͷһʮ˿ĺ͸Ůһ͸ˣȻͿʼ
ܳǸɶ˼һˣտһٺһЦ˵ȻСҲ᣿
죡˼һʮ꣬˹ʣôˣԵĽѾܸһǧǮˣ̫֡
˼ִӰͳһǧ˵ҽȥЩүǣ
㼢ҿһȥԱߵıݣŽȥɡ˼ĺ˿ĭ˵
ǸһҲ۷Ź˵ˣŮأ
ԥһ£һǧǮϴţź˼ȥԺ̾˿˵һСʱ
ʮСʱɡ˼Ժ˫ΣЦ˵ҵһ˭ҲȻŪ
ҿ˼ԺҲڰ¿ˣȺ˵ţʮСʱܲܳŹʮӰɡ
ҵź˼ֵʱͻȻ˼һҽס˼ʣô㣿
Һðˡ˼ʱͨ죬һͷȻ̵ûһ군ˣõģð˻ʲôⲻ뻢


119 򼱴̳
Χϱƽˣ˼Ҳǿվҧվҵǰҿź˼̾˵ղŽʲôܳѵ֪Լð𣿡
֪濴۸ˡ˼ҧ˵ģҸðҲǷˡ
˵ͳԱһһȭȥĻܵȭͷؿӲź˼ȭͷȥˣû뵽һȭȻһ°ԶײһϣײֱУһʱῴˡ
һ˺˵ϣģ˭˭
ʮ˳ź˼ͳ˼ĹҲ治Ǵģһȭһţ˷ɳȥĵӰһǸð˶ô뺷
Ҳǰ˲٣ϣ˼ſȺһȺҲͨҪͨ˰һȭһŹҲװˡ
ǸܽҰŵⷿ䣬ȫñȽϺõģҲֺõˣܿ캮˼ҲǱ˺üȭˣĹҲˡ
аȥѲҿź˼ô
侲侲Ҳϵ˼ʲô취ûа취ģұۣͻȻۡ
һΪ򼱴̳ķٻҰɸҰɰæѹأɳҲûҰɣһܾǽù
»Ұʵ޴ڵģֻǰʱǲҳڸĽˣҰȻʱӺܴǸҲܴ󣬻һҰŪȥ
ʱҲˣź˼ϾҪסˣæһҧԼֵָȻԼƿʼҲûֽīֻѪˡ
ǵʱɣֻʮͻˣʱ˼ѾһŸڵϣһȺ󺺶ȥˡ
쾫Ԫðٴޣĺɣǲ뷣ԺͻȻҸоΧġ꣬ͻȻоò
о棬ʱʲôʱ̾ʱ˼Ѿ˺ˣֻʣһ£˼Ҳڿ
ҳȥһţһһӾͰ߷˳ȥײˣҰһû뵽ô
ҲڽпˣϵĶԽôҲԽߣʱҲ˲ôˡ
Ѻ˼ӵѵ£ϣʣû°㣿
˼ȻղôΣգҲû¶ʲô飬ֻǽüͷֱû°ɵʱչˣ¶СӰЦ˵û¡
ŰɣұˡҺٺһЦȭоǾȥȺʱҺԼԼ˼˵һ䣺ڿԱˡ
ʱھУѧüɵģڹǾţ˲߷һһȭһ
ûһȺ˶ȫҴſˣȻһʹĳ˺üţûǱõˡ
ҲʲôŮԣȷеĻ˵ҸϲгͱҴţ֮ǰô۸ң⻹ǱģҿɲЩӾʲôһʵģѵ˴ԺʿȵĲ֣Ȼõ˳͵Ϯ
ȺԺҲое㲻Ծˣоˣ͸ڱһڴϻ˼ܹһ⣬壬ǲˡ
ң䡣һѾͱס˺˼ʱ˼Ҳҵ£һ£ҷģĲҪռˣʱˣס˼Ժ΢һ㡣
ȻУһϵĶоҪһ
˼ҲǼˣ˵ϸʦ绰ˣ϶а취ܾġ
ǣôݶˣΧҲ˻ڼһܶ˵ҿ˿ʶʣ˭˭˵
»ԣپˣһңɡ
һȥظ氡

Χڸ˵ҵʱѾԺˣҾͿҵĴߣ˼Ա߳һڵӰӣ֣һ
ɣߣԺͽһеһУͿԻΪµԼ˵͸һ۾֣ҪյʱͻȻ΢عˡ
İҪ˾ͳˣ뵽ʹһҧԼͷͷһۣһڣ˹ȥ


120 һ
ۣҸоۣԺ۾ҧһҴʱȻһ䲡棬ϻŰӵĲ
ˣ
ʦһ̣ڲԱߣƦĿʡ
ҿʦڣﰲһ£ȥʦʣʦô£ôҽԺ
Сӻ˵ȥ֪¡ʦСôֱӸҴ绰ŪȥˣһѹҪҼʱϵСûˣ֪
ҵ˵ͷֳʦʣ˼ôˣû°ɣ
ʲô¡ʦʼ򣬶˶پ͸˵Ѿ㴦ˡ
Ҿʣôأ
ʦһ˵ôǸ£ô˵Ҳȶִˣ㻹ɶ˸Ǹ𣿡
ҡҡͷʦѵҰ죬Ÿ˵ϻڽˣǱߺܶ࣬ʱҲʦ˵ˡ
ʦȴûʲôȵģ֮ǰ֪ˣʦ˵ҺúϢǣû¶˵Ժת뿪ˣͦġ
ʦûһẮ˼Ҳ߽ˣһģﻹгݸ˵ˡ
һ򿪣ȻϲĻع⳴æͿʼһʺ˼Ҷιȥˣһ߳Էһߺͺ˼ƨ
֪ǲǴܸо˼ҵ̬ȺǰһЩ仯Ҳ˵ô¡
ӣôǿûջɡ
ʱ磬С֣̩ҲŸָˮ˽Ұһʣ㿴Ҳû㣬û°ɡ
ٺһЦ˵ҴȺ˵趼ʶˣ뱬Ҿջ
ȻȻ˵ڵģƤ׵ѾСҲǲ࣬ҲƤ׵ģֻ̩һЩҲȦǺġ
ʵ֪ˣСֽķֻǹصһЩ͵г֮С͵ģЩС͵СС֣Ҳ͹ظ죬ȡǺġ
Һ̩ؼ䣬ȫһЩطǴҶŹĺݽɫЩ˲Կ࣬ҹϵһֱ⿴һؾˣûŮˣȻȡͻˡ
Ǽ˴һ£ҲֱӰ˳ԺһΪ̫Ĺ»ҰˣܲˣںۣҽԺҲûɶá
һصѧУڶķ˸ȻͻصѧУúѧϰˡ
ԭΪŵͻ֮ǰȻץʵȴƽ
һ͸ǳȥͨϷĩû¾ȥ绢ͷˣͷܺ棬˵͸һ˼ֺܡ
ԴӿǼ֮Һͺ˼ĹϵҲеģˣԭһûʲôмκͺ˼һȥ˼ͽϲƴһ棬ͦˬģǸɣҲûӾôĺҡ
һ𻨷ǵһ𲻿ɣʵҺͺ˼˭Ҳûеƣܸо˼ӦҲе˼һֱҸ˼˵ԭҲ
˵ҼȲ˧ûźͲƣ֪˯AƬ˼ͽϲƱ󾭳һ˧ĸ߸˧Ǻת
Ҿ±ԺһϲңҵĴĻҶඪˣҵһӢɲˡ
Ҿ͸֮ǰ˵ҿɲʲôһʲôƨվ飬Һͺ˼˵Ϊû⣬ϲҲ϶ûʲô⣬ǰûϲҵġ
ϵһֱάȥǸץţڶŵʾͳȥʵϰˣҲûôϵˣжһǸһҲǿҵˣʱǼһһپƣǼϵѧУһֱ
˵һҵ˿һ죬ԡӦ˵ҵĵ˺ʹҪȥʵϰ˶ݺݵĴޡ
ʱ˻е㲻ףֲǹˣҵԺû³һ£һȾƲһôһһӣһסǰ
ǵʱףҵĲǷֿϰˣԶĸԼѧʱԼഺʵ£̤Ǹ¯Ϊ۵һų
ʱɿţһܿͻ˹ȥܿǾ̤˴ͬڴһ꾭ңһ»ҰûмҵҲԽԽƽԽԽӽͨ˵Ҫż죬ỳǰľǲΡ
һת궼ȥˣҵĹ¾ʹӴУ԰˵ɡ


 


121 ʼ
ķʱҾʹӳϼһصѧУǰǸӣǴѧˣµҶϼ裬档
ҲżûŮʲôģ˵оʹȥ棬ÿҲͷ£Ҳ֪ô˵ȻһԺ˼еøУʵҶƯӶͦģоϲȿȡ
صӣҾ͸оһƣͳ⿪ų룬뿴ûб󣬻ʮӣһԼıܽ˼ķˡ
ĩǻסͺ˼һ˯ģҲϰˣҲûܽԼ£۸˯
ͻȻҴʲô죬ҿʼע⣬˵ԽԽ󣬾ڴ£һһȻڴһûײʾûŬѧϰ
æͳһаСĿŴ£ͻȻһֱѪܵ־ȻҵĴ˳ʶļ̌ȳֻȥ
۰ͻȻµġȻ˵ˣȻ硣
Ӵ˳Ϳ˺ܶ෬ѽҰһ˵磬޲İôͼֶҡ
㶮ʲôѵķӦԼƿ
εЦһ£ҲȥϴһϵķѽҲߵˣ򿪵ӣĵĿ
ܿʹӲˣʵ˻ͦ˧ģеʱƾ֪˶ӣڴ˸һζȻ˱Ƚ
ҪΪľУһѵΧתɣҲ⣬ңϾҪУʱҲ֪ľУ
ȥʦôҴӰóƻһԼһٲϼҹģʦйȥ£ĽˣҺϲʦǱߵϰߡ
ʵҲȥģԴӵһȥԺһֱûȥʦȴҹȥ档
ˡҡͷ˵Եģ֪ʦʲô裬ǵʲôҰѵᰡ˰ѵҿˮɭתֶࡣ
͵ô
㶮ƨ˰ȫǱƷ֣רŴҧָа˼ұ˵˱֩ҧһ»ܱ֩һıҧû㳬˵
˵ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ˵˲˵ˣ֪ʲôӲĿ˵
ɶӣֱ˵Ҳò¡
˼С椵հ㻹ϲⶼ֪һжźˣȴȥͣȻ׳ɹ107ŷҶ㶨ˣʡŵ㣬ӫ塣ž˵һѣó˼ӫİȫס
Ҹӹʱ򿴵米ҲſڽһˣҾ˵գɶأ㿴ҳ»ô˧һˣôô޳ܵô
һ£ʶ˵ѵ㲻ǣ
ܳҵȻǡһţȻһʾˣ˲ˡ
վĺ˼˵㰡鲻Ҿó»գԸȻ죬ղҼҶ֪ʲôǺö˵ŻǼӫⰲȫ׶ɳϣһ˵ǸɶСԣ˼ҷգú˼ңˡ
աҸ뿪ûӰˡ
ඣԹûҿź˼Сʡ
ĺ˼һɫţп㣬һɫT˼ɫףͷ˸βûлױͦõġ
˵ԺоеΣһӣæǼȫ׶Ͱȥˡ
ˡ˼ֵûҪҲøŰһ²ңҷеˣʣ㣬զˣ
ʲôզˣû㣬Ƿʰˣ˼һۣҡҡͷ˼Цһ˵ղ˵ģһɡ
ϲ˵ЦôƯһֵ֪ġҸЦ£æϵȻҲûɶˣС֣̩ϲƽϣһȥŵһ٣ȻŪ˸󵰸ˡ
ǵ˲ٵľƣȻͿʼƷ衣
ڶǻصҵʱ磬С֣̩޳ܵȥȥˣҪ˵޷ǾŮȻӣҪڱѧУȥһ𣬵ǾУŮٵÿ
ţŮ٣ھŮѵŮţҲûôأʱҲϿΣ̿ȥˣ£ͻȻͿһˡ


122 ˼
Ȼ绢˵绢ʱŤƨɺ̨Сò֪ʲôٶ˵Ļ⣬߹ȥƨһ˵˵ôأ
绢ƨɱһ£ԭĻعͷһң˵¡
ϣû㶼ѧˣ§ļʣ绢ҡҡͷС˵׷һΣյа̷ӣصôãŪ¶ˡ
а̵ģ˭ءһû˵꣬Ϳɲ߳һˣȻԳûꡣ
æͷתȥҿķҲһꤣûףҪ˵ǰǲ֪η֪ажҲûԴӺǴұŵԺҲ׺Щһ򶷼ֱ߸˿
һʱҲ֪ô죬Գûһֱ߳ɣԶԺҲ˿绢ʣ㻹ڸǼһ
ȿȣղ·ĽˣҹŲɶ£͸˽¡绢۾Цһ˵Ҫ˰
ɶ˼أһǵǰʦ˵绢ҲǴа̳ģȻЩа̷ӵĶ
ЩаȻȵȲһһء绢˵ײĳԱҪΪһСͷĿɱʮϣСͷĿҪɴɱˣΪˣǧС绢۾˵
һһ˵ܵİɣҪһһǧˣ϶ᱻİû¼
绢Դһ˵ڵĽҲΪǹܴ˶ϵһǧ˹˱
绢ŲСĶ˵Գ϶ҪˣԱɱ֤ԼʵŪа󡣡
գ壬һʱ̵ˣһɡһҪҰĻסһٸ˰ֲһٸè
绢ҡҡͷ˵ҿɲ㣬а˽ǴɣܶʿƵߣΪȻǽа϶ͬ죬ֹҲ᲻һеҪɱģҪˡ
壬һѵĲҿ绢ʣ绢ҡҡͷ˵һѣֲûɱ˵ҡԴ뿪ˡ
ҿ绢ıӰüͷɲС£϶ܴ⣬ԳɥĲգæֻͺ˼˸绰˵ϵɣм£Ȼָʦһ绰ȥ
ʦԺæŸʦû뵽ʦڵ绰Ǳ߳Ĭһ˵̫߲࣬Լú취ҲǶԼĻᡣ
˵͹Ҷ˵绰òˤ绰ˣѾҲ̫ˣҲ֪ΪʲôԭҲһʦûûεˣһܡ
ͺ˼˸ϵʱѾˣ̫գſڵһӵأһ˵Ѿģʲô鰡㲻֪ڽЩСѧ𣿡
˼û˵ŵһ·Ҳ˵ղڹ֣ʱҲɻҡ
οǴ£Ļᵽˡæľһˣ˵գӣǸϽߣ˼ҪǸҹܾˡ
˼ֵĿʣ˵ͷ˵а̽ģ֮Ϊ˼Щʹð˼˶ɥĲҪ֣ܲþͱܣȻùֻԼġ
˼Ҳǽüû˵ҿź˼ʣҲô𣿡
˼ȷ̫Σˡ˼û˵꣬Ҿҡҡͷ˵Ҳʲô˼ж磬ǿǻһѵû𣿡
ӣɶã̫ǿˣǲõģܶʱҪСҲһ˵ܹңȻǶ˵㿴ǰ飬˲ûУ˼еĻҪֲ
ҲܣǰﲻԼǣҪǲ֪ã֪ܣЩ˵ĻһھһӵġҼᶨ˵
ҵӣ̾˿˵ܳ˭ҵùôСܰаɣͰɣ㣬˼أ
Ȼ»ԾˣôҾͰ¡˼˵ͷûˡ
áҿҲǸˣ˵ôȰɢɣҪϴǻġ
ҡͷ񶨵㱿ɢԳĿȺˣҪɢ𣿡


123 ҵɱ
˵ǸãҲûô鷳˰
׳һһ˵㱿ĵòױǼײˣһˣҸ˼ü֪ô
һϣ˵˵ĻеԳҸ߳ŪаĻҺ϶Ǹϲȥġ
Ƭ̲˵Ƚȥʲô˵߽ɣԭŽȥæأ˼ס˵ȥʲôֲˮЩ
룬Ҳǣͺͺ˼ſڵ˴Ŷʮӣź˳һæʣô
ü˵ҽȥתһȦʲôûп
ʲôûУѵСӲʲô˼ֻ·Ƕˣɻ
ȴ˵ȻʲôûУʲô֪ſֲ
ɣѧУǱߴ绰ٰɣظϣһͲˡ
Ȼæ绰ɽɽæ٣ɽȻ֪ô£ǰæ˵ȥæһЩˡ
ȻǴмһΪ˵Ǹ˼ģҲҴģҵʱÿţǿŷ飬鵱ʱں¾һ϶ǺöǰľҲˣһɫıװ
һ̣Ҳûɶ˼ҲһľҲûá
˾ȥ˸濪ʼˣͨҺ˵Ǽҳ㷹Ͳи£ʱͰװżһıڽŵףȻϷ
˼ſڵ˯ˣҺһֱ浽ϣһʲôûзϵʱ˼ȥ˵ԵģҺͿʼ˯˼ʲôġ
Ǿҹ൹ɣźü춼û£ǶɻˣѲǲ²ˣ
ǵϣҺӢأ˼ſԱ˯ͻȻұһ䣬ʱҲû⣬Ϊɿյ¶ʵͦ͵ġ
ͻȻӢһԵսʱͻȻƵĻͺˣһŮ˵ӰӣŮ˻£Ѫֲ֮ҰãŮȻӵ
ʱҲһľҲˣ
Ȼ˵ƽǼ˹ģʱڿյԭ򣬺䣬֮ǰҲ˵ʱ˵͵ʱͻ
˵Ķͷͼѻʱ˵ͣѻѹȥ˾ͻʱͲɿյʵͻή˵Ļ
æóһаֻŮȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
˲䣬ֻͱаʣˣԱһʱͬһֻѪĹ»Ұ˯к˼أ˰ֻû⼸ֻĵ̫ˡ
ҲֻһˣԺȻ󹴻꣬һ־ᶨһЩ˻
æҡҡ˼˼ʵ۾
Ȼ˼ֲûץ룬˯ʵʱһ۾һֻѪŮʲôӦ
˼һȭͳֻȥϧû򵽣ѵƵĻ˸
Ůһ˫۾ͱеմɵĿŵƵĻҿʼΪаأ׼̫Ͼаأû뵽С߶ţԲۣװ˶ҵɱҵɱҵɱ
ͻȻһ¾վָǰŮ𣺡үֹɱĶ԰ɣ˺ü꣬ûйɱûпӹѣòҪɱˣҪˣģҪɢú
˵ž͸һóһŻƷֻŮȥһ¸ĵûɢ
ҲûֹʵһǲЩŮûɢģרŵװȻһᳬǣԼ¡
Ļܵô࣬ʱڲϴ˳ȥһһ͸ĩһҡ
еŮѾιȥˣŮʹڳǣееĴ󺰵ǣż׷Ů
ʱĳܻңе¹е˲£еĺһΪŮҪսż̿Ůأһ㣬Щ˾Ȼû뿪ɣ˵ɸͳȥˡ
ſһˣܳȥԺûִ˽γ޵ѭԶ뿪һ


124 ظ
ﱻ˽磡ɫ䣬óָ˵Բۣˡ
ôˣʡ
ǰǵռ侹Ȼסˣ㿴û򰢱ǵǰ㿴Ǳߡָһ
˳ſ˹ȥղźǵǸеľȻüһ÷ֻŮڿء
˺͹ѾӴˣٹ˶õǵ˰ǵˡе˵
ôܣǸԳôҲŵʣҪԳôţƣͰǼŪˡ
ͻȻһ𣺡Գûôҵа
ŤͷһһϤȻվſڣȻǿǸ񶫸ɵˣ˵ԭⶼ񶫸ɵģ
ǸǿʱһֵķװЩ̩һЩķװǿЦһ˵ҸɵҸɵҵҵҵ̩һͷʦ˳ƹ̩ʦҲ
ǿЦһ¿˵Щ˶ǺģԭԳҲ׼ɱ˶ѣǾȻ֪ߵغҪ飬պ°ǵϧЩˣ˻Ͷ̥˰ǵɾҪĿˡ
ǡ֮ǰǸż̲֪ʲôʱǱǿԱߣһǿԴϣǿһãȻأȻǸǼȥطŮȥˣʱ˼ҲץסᣬһţȥһؿϣĲ˵ϡ
¸¸¡ҺЦߵǿԱߣͳһаǿ˵ŰŰԽʹ࣬үҾԽˡ
ҲóһŻƷǿ˵Сӻҵɱܳүġ
ѾˣҲ֪ǸɶطȻ˺͹Ӵˣŷ϶Ҳܴǿϣ˺
ߣ־ɱңǾҪ°ǵˣ˴Ͷ̥תǿֻеӲһ˵
ҺĴҲȻһô򵥣ڵ϶Һ˿ճˣҪץסǿᣬѲ°ǵ棿
ôɱض԰ɣҾ˵˼رܣ磬㱬СӾջ̵ģôˡ
˼˵ǿؿ˺üţתͷȥʰЩŮҸʹ˸ɫҲϵļװҪѿӣﻹ˵Ҫ°ǵҲҪ˵ζ
㣬㲻ǰɡǿеˡ
ѧŵʱĻ˵ĸϹˣܳ
𣬸ǣɶǿڿסˣģˣҪɱҪζνΨ飬̫ˣҪ汻ûɶͷˡ
⻹࣬˵ôƽҿ˻ǿʣǿεҡҡͷ˵ʵҲûа취
Բۣƭǣ磬Ի
𡣡ǿæ˵ԭл뿪ģôãѾµظˣֱӻ϶ǲܵģҿͣӦڵظµȻ취Ҳֻ취ˡ
ôɻʣǿӶ޳ˣ˵磬Ҷˣ˵ô
ǿءҰ˵Сӣҿɸ㣬ʲôȻھԻ㣬ľջʤɲһ
šǿίöˣ˳ƵʱţһͿһ۵Ļ͹øһĶܼӣøղţֱµģǵý԰һ£ⲻô
ǿվһ·ԭһΪҪʲôţƵķͣ׹أû뵽ڴϵ֪㿴õϽͣӲ뱻˱ջ
󣬹˴룬ͻȻӻصһ֣Ȼϣֺǿıޱȵʧ
ͻȻӾ͸һ˴ӣͣѾһˣǿ˵ͶŶҺһۣ˺˼Ҳܳ⡣
⾹ȻһƬɳĮУ˵ɳĮҲԣӦǸ̲ɣطɵģµɳӣͲԶĿǻɵģ綼һɵĻһ㡣
ǳԺһٶҲ½˳
еСڵϣ쳤̾Ȼ󺰣ңڴԽˣҪɣư½
Һ绹к˼εĶһۣԽëߣûĻǵ˵ظظ˵еĵظ


125 
ھظѾǵˣû뵽ǵظȻʮִĴУ챱֮һߴлҪʮľУг
ʱǸɳĮûþʮŹŴ·Ĺץˣ˵͵ߣҪŪȥͶ̥Ȼһٶ˾ͱˡ
Ψû£һʣԭʱʦҰʦʱ˸ôҵǸ
ŵʱڵظעˣ֤һĶλҰ൱ڵظӷĹЩλҰµظǾ൱ڵظľһְȥͶ̥ǸǿʲôǾͲ֪ˡ
ʱȻͶ̥Ҳ֪ô䰡ˡ
ڵظǲģҲԻʱȺкüǰͶչˡ
ųʱˣطЩдöֵ࣬ǽֵϾȻûʲôгٵþ͸ϸͳһżһֽǰι
˴ӣҲ֪ظǲǽоӣŰɣǸմӱųҲûɶǮס·һͦ˥ĹʣǣûǮ
ǸʮҰɣ͸һͷóһڤ˵а
һһǮ˵ҸȾȼҸմų
ǸһˣܳҲ̫ˣҰ֪ҽΪǽлǧڣţ˵˵Ͷǧڡ
ǹǿƲû־ͶǼǧڣһϸ룬ڤŻ˿
ʵɵظҲûôֲΨһõĹƾʲôɫǻҰɫֻһɫһȻͦϲģ֮һʱű׻Һͺ˼ȥŹٺͻƼҾԺϰݳء
ʱĹǧң磬˼õ˹ϯŸͼҾ˺ϰݳᣬλż񻹶ֿɼԵģһ˵ظûر磬Сϲλø֣û뵽쿴ˣ缤úøɱһ
ݳԺֵ䣬ظҲеݳƱһ˾Ҫڣ̵ģҲ̫Ĺˣ°һڵһڻء
˲֪ãҲʲôнְСԽְǱĹ²ۣСԽȫ㣬ʲôڲεعͺ㣬һʮڰ֮ģһǲн·ĵûȫ»ֽ¡
ԭݳᳪǸоظõͷһҲûˣȡ֮ô䡣
֮ǰӾʱҲûô䰡һ£ǵûȥһµôȥ
Ӻܴ󣬿ŵһʮһǼߵʱͿˣθΣǼ
һۣߵǰЦ˵쵼̡˵æͳһڤĵظ̣ˡ
˵쵼ͷŶȣ˿̣Цеĵͷ˵ӿɽ̣Сɶģ
쵼ǾֳӵѣⲻеôЦе˵û뵽ɫһ䣬ǾֳͶ̥ˣ㾹Ȼѣʲôͼ
ˣգ϶ǵظˣæ˵ʵʦǾֳϽˣⲻҾֳʵô
ʵһʼ˵ֳû뵽ƢôŶŵ˵ͷ˵֤ҿʦʲô֣
Һ磬к˼ֻóһ֤⻹֮ǰӵʱǼʱģҵݸԺ˵ʦ׾š
û뵽һʦֲûˤɴ۾˵ܳ׾ţȷû˵
ǰҺ˵˵ͷһ£һ˵Ǽȥֶҡ
˵ž˽ȥҿıӰʣô죿
˼ü˵ȥʲô
ڽֶʮӣŴһ´ӾߵǰС˵
˸ʮӣһСӣȻС˵ҽʦĸǣʵΣգһ취ǳȥġ


126 벽
˸˵꣬¶ȵı飬ָ˵壿ʦ˵㣬㲻𣿡
Цһ˵ⲻ˹ôһЩ˵֮ǰǲǽˣ
ǰʵġŰôĶü˵ҳ˵ɵʦ͵תһȻˣΪʦʦתһ٣Ƚϸӣ˵򵥵תʦź޵ˣ֪϶Ҫ취ŪǼŪûɢġ
ᣬԲۣʦܸ¡
ԹˣŻƱ⳵ȥ𳵣һа벽ĵطҴӾ͵֤ǴϣҪͣ˰벽Ȼ򻹻·һֱߣһǲйǵģеĻҲֱ֣Ӧö״£תڵظкܶƲԶֵġ˵һѾ͸ŻƱ֤
ҺȻƽʱɵģ֪Ƕˣһ㲻þͻԼСģ˼ʼնû˵ܳĬ
ллˣʱ㰡лٺһЦҡͷ˵ȻǼ죬ôҲǰͽܣҵϣԶǣˣϽ߰ɡ
˵һ˾߳Сӣ뿪ˡ
ҿȥʣô죿
Դһ˵ô죬Ͻﰡظʮ֮һתôҲǺǵİ
һ˵ǣ뵽ܵ·ߣһ⳵ظȻ٣г⳵ģȻࡣ
ϳԺ˵˻վʦʮ꣬Ҳ˵ɶͿʼվ
ԼСʱԺһϵĻվǰˣΪʲô˵ǹأִϰ֮ģٿһϸеĻԣԴ̴ѣ๾ð̵֣ʱ򻹱ĲĲġ
ĻƱͨõģĸֻҪƱˣ滹бǣκŵģа벽࣬һ֣ҲûǣǸϽǸа벽Ļ𳵣澹Ȼһˡ
ȥԺ󣬻𳵾ˡ
벽Ҳ˽˵һ֪ʶһһмվһмŦ
ҹϵظסҪûеõظסȨľҪȥͶ̥òסȨֲԸͶ̥ҪôûɢҪôǱΪ»Ұ
Ҳ˼ô»ҰԴһԭ򣬺ܶ˶ԸͶ̥ԸظסȨ̫ˣҪһڸڲУܶ˾Ը»Ұˡ
˽Ļ𳵣֮һƬƬããʲôҲżһЩ»Ұᱻ𳵵ĳҲѹ
ιӣˡ
Ժľͱˣҿ˿ԭվˣ³һҲһվһģʱһֵĹ˹ʣǸʲôģ
æ˵ǹ
ϻǸֹһ˵㲻ǹ⳵벽ʲô
Ҿ˵Ҹ˵һѣͳǰ̣˵쵼ⲻе񣬵ȥۺһô
ôۺʮſû˵ڿֹӹ̵ȼԺ۾ʡ
ǲǣ񣿡Ц˵û뵽ֹͻȻȣ»ԣ
ɶ£ʶľͻشͻȻãȻֹЦ˵ȻתҪˣҰץȥ͡˵꾹ȻӱͳһѴ˵ҵͿ˹
ƺܿ죬ԭ׼ͷģͻȻһǺɫıȻûǼɴҾȻǴˡ
õʱ˼ֹһž˹ȥһŰֹ߷ףҲҿһ˵Ͻܣ
˵ҵŻվĳȥ˼ҲǸܳվû뵽澹ȻжʮŴ۷װĹǣÿ϶һѰ׻Ĵ󳤵
ΧһȦûͶ̥Ĺڿ֡
ǸϽͶȡĿǸֹȻҲӺ׷ˣ˼һǸ׷ҲǼãȺСһ㡣
˵תȥǸֹʹû뵽ǸֹȻֺģǺͺ˼Ȼƽ֣£еѹס˼ĸо
ǼСЩ˰ǶʮҲ໴еĳ˹ɵˣգûзôȺ뺷Ĺ


127 ޳
ǶʮҲЦеģȻ߳һʮɣһͳҺ˵ҴˣǾͿ뿪ˡ
Һһۣ룬Ҳ̫ˣȻûдһķ統ʱͳȥ׼סһᣬȻķ͵Ϯء
˴۾ǣȥʮɵģ־ͿסĲӣȻʹһˤһŰ˵ϣգ磬Ҳ̫ûˣ
˵˵ʱǸŲؿڣ̿϶᲻ȣҸϽϻһķȥȻȥʲôүģһһŪѾġ
ҸҪʱһȭؿϣ۵Ҳû˭˵Ͳ۵ģ˱ڣȻɵľһץסҵͷҺݺݵˤڵϣЦ˵Ҳ
꣬ô̬ҴʱҲˣҺ̫Ⱥ̫ǿˣЩǰҪôһҪôȻʸҪ֪ظҲ̫ƽһЩ͹ҶҪЩѹƵģЩ˻϶սҺ类̵治㶪ˡ
ܿ죬ûã˼ҲǱǸֹڵأȻһȺŴ󵶼ĲӣҲǰƷˣҺ翴˼ҲˣҲеˣԵġ
ʮó˵ʱͻȻһ̶ܴ
ס֣
˵仰Ȼ̶ܴ˵ֱǸҳ˵ķȥȻһһɫۣͷϻһñӵˣñ滹дĸ֣һơ
ҿˣԣӦ˵ʱ򣬲û򣬰޳
Ҫ˵йظ˭ӦþǺڰ޳ˣ˲֪˲ĴڣСĹ³İ
ȻЩһǰ޳һҲͣˣվһţүá
š޳䵭ָ˵Ҫˡ
һü˵үǣתҪˡ
Ҳ֪𣿡޳Ŀ˵Ҹղ˵ʲôû𣿡
ʮһ£ΨΨŵŵĸ޳˸뿪
գѲ޳һȥתȻ޳һˣ˵ΪʲôֵûУղͰ˸ſˣ޳һ˶ʮôҲ޳Ķ֡
СվСĵĿ޳޳ߵԱߣҲǣֻ˵˾䣺ߡȻתˣỳǻ᲻һ
ʣô죿
վؿ˵ô죿һ¡
û취ֻиŰ޳ߣʱɶ˼Ҳ֪ҾһֱҪҪٺ͵Ϯ޳书ٸҲ²˵ͻȻ͵ϮºֵĻ˵ܴȻܵ
Ȼ룬ûô
Ű޳һᣬ͵˻վһ칫ңһһĶ޳Ժſ˵֪ʲôҺ𣿲ԴɱǣҰжòԱˣʦҰæҾһġ
ǻ쵰ʦ޳Ļ˿ؿڣֱɳ˵үϽǻȥһǸתɱ˾군ˡ
ʲôŹʮſء޳ЦǺǵ˵治ˮƽУҸо޳Цȿ޶ѿġ
˼侲˺ܶ࣬ʣҪȵʮܻȥǱ߲ž£ǻȥʬ嶼˰ɡ
û˵ֻһķüһ취ǻȥڴ֮ǰҵô»ȥһʯҲʦġ޳˵Ҿֵʣɶ
ʦ˵㾭Σȥʯ˵֪һˡ޳ЦеĿʣô뿴𣿡
ҡҡͷü˵ֲ÷Ǯģû˼
ʯȻԿǰһҵõǰļԺڵļô죿ⶼҵĵһ⣬ʱһǰļռҪǾͱһô
޳Һ˵ʲôһ̾˵аɣҪǲ뿴ǾͲɣ뿴ʱǣǰǺ˼ġ


128 

Ȼ޳ߵ벽һл··ڣ·еĻںڵģǾͷһ˿Ա߻Ȼ޳ڸûɶ
޳˵ǻ·ˣһֱǰߣס·ϲʲôҲҪͣҲҪͷȻ߲ˡ
šǵ˵ͷ֮ǰһǳŰ޳˵үл˹
ͺ˼˵˾ллȻҲ˵ɶǣ־һֱǰһȥֲָʱ˼м䣬ߣұߣź˼ңź˼֣·ʲô
˿ʼǰȥûһᣬͻȻԱߵĺ˼˵»ԣãӲˡ
ʲôҸͣôµʱͻȻҿ㶵ͽðҵͷһǿŷ飬ﰵãͣ½ŲȻ̫ʲôܸоԱʲôҪңǵɫķһӸ˻ȥҲ˵ˣһֱһֱߡ

ۣ
Ҵʱ͸оʹԺ˫ۣһͱһǿյ۾ʹԱ߻кܶڳ֣޷˵ʲô֮Ļֱ۾˻źһ㣬һҾȻһ䲡棬Աһѵˣкܶļ߾죬ʦڵŸԱߡ
ˣվһ·ųЩߺ;𣺡ӹȥ
ʦܴ󣬰Щ߶ŵˣȺ˾˳ȥˣʣʦһڷˣʦŶˣ˳ʣô𣿡
У˳ŹٺͻƼҾԵݳᡣҸЦһ£˺Ѱۡʦæ˵ιȥˣͳֲˣҲֹͣתȺúɡ
ҵ˵ͷɻʣղЩô£
ʦЦһ˵ִˣŪȥˣȺSBҪҸƫƧĵطŪһٸ˻ѹȥ죬һٶȫˣѾټ׽ֵ׼һ˰̣Ͼεȷǹ˵㣬ҥסȻЩĻ˵ŵһȻιȥˣʲô֪
ҲŪж¼áʦ˵Ժʣ濴ʯûУǰôһ£
ûҡͷҰҵʱĹǶʦʦҲЦһ˵СӣҲԣһڵļӰͲˡ
Щ飬֪ĺáʦ˵ԺͶͷתˣҿʦıӰҡҡͷ˵ġ
ļûҷһѵýߣ䷳ҷʲô£ҲͰʦ˵˵ˣȺһﻹǲӵʣе˵һҪ࣬ѲҸȥŹٺͻƼҾݳȥˣҿɲֱת񲡿ơ
ɣҲú˵Уе˵һż̴󺰵ǣһ˴һٶʵЩҲҲΪЩ嶼һ鶼ûУͻȻ
ڵʱҲ˺˼磬˵ɫر԰ף˺ܶ࣬͸ȥһ˻һʵȥһ¾ӺҲ࣬ݵøǼһҵʱһº˼Ǹ·ûнң˼Ȼ˵ûУҵʱð亹ʱȻǻ·ıҪʱͣ˽ŲǾˣǿŷͻȻһҲǺöȻܸһ
ڴԼʮ죬ҲǾ뿪ѧһԺҲָ΢һ㣬УˣִҲûᣬ̺ҲˣϾ׽ֵĶLĺݽɫʮҪǻɲ̵Ļǻļˡ
ЩҲǵ£ѾѧУ

Եģ治Ҵ֪ɵôĲǿӵ˧ģһǿ̫˧˻ż׼ݣеأǸҲǸAPףҵʱᴲƨƨߵĸ̩¡Сִţƣ϶ǲܸǵģⲢĴţ֮á
ҲûôţƣԼͷĵǸɫһ£ãװǿҵķ䶼ڣûŪʲôȻǿŷ飬óŻɫӣЦ£ŵ˿㶵ԺҪЯˣ϶Ǹ


129 
Ȼ׽ڴģĶԸ̣ǣ˵ͨ˵һӰ춼ûУӻĹȴûȥǸˣҲѾˣϾһôˣϰҲסѹˣҲû˸Ǹ档
ҲûôȥˣΪһԺʶһ飬Ͽҵ˰ȻڲŴտѧһ£ǴѧھͻᰲһЩѧȥʵϰҲʵϰ
С԰ϾͱҵˣԺ׼ȥĸأ˵ľʵģҰҹϵȥʵϰȥĵѣСҾ⡣
Һ˼˵ĸӾȥ£Ҹоǲġ
̩ſڴϣ˵Ժ죬ѧУҲΪУѵȽ϶࣬ҵʱ͹ѧȥ̩ȭΪһְҵȭ֡
ҵ˵ͷҲ֪̩ʵеʱ;˵ǻ׼ȥʱͻȻ˳Ĵ˽µŴţѧУȭȥ˼ˣ˼˵ͺ̸̨أϽȥ֡
Һ̩һӴӴϱ̩ѧУȭԲգ
ҵԭҲܼ򵥣Ȼͺ˼ڹϵ׵ģôҲˣǹƨȭԾȻ̫ͷ϶ζ
һĴ˵缸ߣŪӵġ
ھУܻǸԷ࣬ҲȽϰ֣ᾭԼܵģѧУܣΪһֶսķ
ĸѧУȭȥȭһʮʮ̨ƽʱԼܶʱ򻹵ŶӵǻûʱͿѾɽ˺ˣ·Ҳ˵һ龭
ԭǸʲôƨȭǴĵģʵϰ棬˵һͣüܵܶ˼ȥҺ˼һ˼һ飬ǵҺ˼̸˼˦һ˵Ȼ˾̨ˡ
˵ĵѧͦȭ糤ѧУǰĵû֮ǰûҶе㵣ˣһ뵽˼ҲûʱڵظǸôã뵽Ҳŷˡ
ĸʹм伷ٶˣȭһܴ󳧷Ƕģ̨Ա߻һЩϯ
ʱ̨Ϻ˼һɫȭװһ̨ϵľǸеģһɫȭŸ۾ģûպϡ
ԭȥ׼Ÿ缸ȥģæסңС˵ʱæǹأңǼ˵ɲ
գǴ򲻹ô߶һ䣬룬ҪǺ˼æĸȥ̩ܺһӣң绹С˾ǱɱķݣȥҲǶˡ
˵ҴŮѵġȭЦеĿź˼˵˼ֻǵ˵ϻôôࣿ
ȻŤŤӣС۾Цһ£׼
к˼Ҳĸˣûдкֻǿһۣ˵ͷѣԺ󣬺׼һ£Ȼһѧȥ˵Ĺأ׼ʹü򵽶Է̨ʼ˵æ±һ
˸˵ǸС۾ͳȥź˼ؿһȭȥģ˼Ҳʾ̧ȳСܵһȥź˼ҪǲˣϮأСܹܵƶҲҪˡԻܷصģһȻһƯĻ߳ź˼ȥ
˼ȴ赭дһ˳ȥպȵĴȣĲȣݺݵˤ˵ϣ˼ˤԺ˵Ӷûõġ
ȻС۾ȭȥú˼һȭſˣȻ˼ûʧС۾ŰɹˣҾʼ˵ȥ˵ôҼûɶİ
ʱһԵ̩˵ʵҪȥһҲӲסǺ˼̫ˣ˵ĶȻӶ࣬ĸԣĸ˵Ӿûˡ
أҿһԵ̩ʣ̩ҡҡͷ˵֪ûԹ
˴ӣС۾ÿ˧ĳж˼һиˣ˼˵㻹ɡ
Ҳ۾ҧ˵˼ҡҡͷͷһŰƫƫɵ˾ġ


130 
ԭĸҪǰһסĻҲˤϣǸ̨ȻߣҲаףĸԼͬһһˤ˸ʺ
ǣôЦĳС۾ʣС۾̧ͷԹĿһۣ
᲻˵أ㳤ôû̹ܽ㣿ɲʾˣͻ㻨ȭȾͳ׳󣬺ܲһŮĶ򲻹ʲôȭԡ
ҲæĻ˵磬㲻ˣû׼˼ͷøȭԵĳƺҲΪ
㣬С۾ˣʣĸһһĸأ
ĸС۾Ҳˣվָ̨ĸһˣСʣզ죿
үģ¸ƨϡҶ˵̨һͷһΪǻأû뵽糶ɤӾʹ󺰣»VSȭԣѺעѺעһһ٣ѹһ»Ӯ
ݡҿ£ٶ˫۾أѲɻȥǶඪˣ˼һۣʹ̨ȥʱȻС˵˾䣺͡
֣Ҳůůģ˶־С۾Ҳôˣߵ۾ǰһҵĵط۾ʣǣλٷ֣
⣿С۾һ£Ҿʹ𣺡ǣ
ȻͻȻһȭϣôҲǾУİƽʱĿγҲкܶսĿһҴԣҲûиλôС۾Ҳûзһȭſˡ
͵ϮС۾Һ𣺡͵Ϯ𣿡
͵Ϯ𣿡ҺʾĻʣҪִ͵Ϯƨˣ˭˵ȥ˵ˣղǹҶˣ򵹶Էˣû˵͵Ϯ
ȥС۾Ҳ˵ˣһȭҵŴ޵ıһŮĴϮأеĴʹΪʲôһ˵ôأΪһ²ûж㿪ԵģһȭͷĿ졣
֮ǰͺ˼ʱоøڹһ˼ŰɹԼһ̨һоˡ
ұһȭڵأֻо۵ҪվͻȻָؿһţߵÿûҵԴǹɼʻ͸Ҫһĸо
θаæһ㿪һ£ҲæӵҲСһˣ۾˵ǿ
֪С۾һɨ֮ǰ˼ŰӰһݹĸоԼ޵УԼҳƵڶûһһ
ȻҳеġĿһҲһӵĻԵģ浱Ӻ۸ɣ
С۾ҲһĿңЦһ£һȻת̨ΪɵX򲻹㻹ֲһǮơ
С۾ƨƨߵ̨ˣסˣң޳ܣ㻹ûе˵ϡ
Ц£̨ܱϱŰҪϵöɣߣտȥ˵§ź˼ļߣ˼ҰִϾȻҲûоܾ׬ӣٶ˵۾§Ÿ뿪ʮɱһˣǧﲻС˷ȥ
ʵҲǴ򲻹ӣҪ棬÷
㣬㣬ҴˣҴˡ
ʱһǸȭ纫˼һַסҵ֣۵亹ֱðϸղűӴһȭۣ˼ղŸû˵ɶ´ٸҰִִжˡ
У´εĻǰҹػ˶Сҧ˵
СһرӵңʶһģȺһղôһûء
ʱǲûǸС۾ڶͳˡ
˲ˡ
ʱִ˽ģҵʱڴϿС˵أʣôˣѲҺ˼
ǸһгĶӡ˵Ҳûںɶ˵ǸгĶô
룬ͻȻһ¾ʹӴϱʣɶгӣܳǰɣ
ͷС˵ݿɿСϢҪ㡣
վЦһ˵᲻ᣬ˼гĹӣôС
Ÿ˵أͻȻѧУĹ㲥
»ͬѧȭ糡شܶŹ˴ˣڴ˶٣ӿΣѧУ迪֣ϣλͬѧΪ䡭


131 
һ㲥һ֣һﻹ˿ңһҲû취ˣɶ취˭뵽Ǽһг
εԼĴϣ̩С˹㲥Ҳüͷ̩С߶˵ܳǰɣӻ棿
޿κεҡҡͷʣ磬ô죿
üͷ˵Ҹ׾Ǽһ绰ʰɡ
˵绰ȥ̨ˣ˼ɫÿ˻˵ͣ㣬£ѧУǡ
ȻҲ֪ʦʲô취һǲ÷ĵ˵ͷȻƽʱоûôԼԼζĲܡ
ֻܿˣҵͷһȻʦæ˵绰ʦھ˵Сӣ֪ӣ
ʦҲ밡̾˿ʦ˵ˣг绰ȥ˸ǸûˣС
˵ʦͶһ£Ҿʣʦɶ¾˵¡
û£û£ʱҲͦæģʱҲԼһɵģס㻹иޣڶѾȥˡ
Ҫʦ£һ벻ͻȻҾȻһξʹˣͬģڶʮһʮˣǼһʮҾȻˡ
ͬĻкܶ࣬ǸŮҲӦҪ𣬻飬òƲһѵȥһ
ŵ绰ߵ˲棬ʦ˵ʦҸæ
ɶæ
ġҾͰӦǸŮʦ˵ԺҾ˵ͽⱲûôʽӦ˼ΣʦлҲһ飬ǸŮôģ˭ģ
ʦڶĬһᣬ˵У²ѣ˺ü̵ѣȻûץˣõܶϣһ£ȹ˰ԼҲٵңٳͷѹܲҪأ˳ͷˡ
šҵ˵ͷŹҶ˵绰߳˲˿𽫽ǰǸҹӦǸŮԣͷóװ壬С˵˾䣺룬ֵܿ㱨ġ
ҪǰǸͨѧǻµظԺʵ֪ǿ˺ܶණġ
һЩˣԶģúܶ฻ܼһܶ˸оǾɵBʵҲûǾǸɵBΪûоꡣ
꣬Զڸĸ³Զ󣬵Ҳǣǰܼңײ˺󲻾˻˶ȥ̵³ΪЩǸĸǽʱѾעˡ
òе˵ˣһ㲥˵ʲô֯ϸҿһǴĴ֡
ȻǼǺܲˬҲû취֮ǰĿѾʮֺˡ
޷ǾǶѧûµʱͻȥŸ򻭷б޻ÿ컭һţٳɶ
ֵܿѧˣסԭǸסģܴӦôȻұһɫѵɫֲһˡ
صӣĺӸ⿪һһƣɳϣҿģʣףСӣզˣƽʱô
ҡҡͷ˵һƽʱɲģͻȻֿˣ˼Ҳ˻һӣҲ֣ɳ¶ĵʣС룬ôˣ
۾Ǻ˼˵֪ΪʲôԴ͸оܲ
ò˰ɣһС˵
𣿡˼ýһ£°һ˵ˣӦ̫ˣʱû͸ڻӹؾ˻ɡ
զҲûʲôľ飬ֵʣ˼ҡҡͷʾҲ֪
˼һ£ͻȻ뵽绢Ǽһˣǰа̵ģ˵а취Ҿ͸˸绰ȥû뵽û˽ӣ˵룬ҴȥҸˣ˵а취ġ
˵ͷ壬ָ˼˸кͳ绢ǸСȥ
һĽӴҺ绢ҲʮֵϤˣСſţ˵ƿ߽ȥˣС滹иСţ绢ļң֪ġ
Сɫķţʱţƿ߽绢ҵĿû뵽绢ˣһɫе԰ףʮӣһɫװŸ۾


132 
壬е顣ҿˣҲ̸֪ʲô绢ʱɫѿȻΪңΪװӡ
ͻȻһøҴվѩһԱһ뾹ȻһĿǰ˵Σҵúÿడ
ɶ˾ǺİΣҿȭͷʶİ뵲ں棬Ҫ˵ȴֲ֪˵ʲôá
ЩŵӵһЦ˵ʱŰŻȥɱ˫Թģû뵽һӾʧˣѶȫޣ˺þҲûҵ̤ЬٴȫѹԼˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ˵ú֮һ绢һüͿ˵ʣ㡣
ʵҲˣ绢Ȱ˵磬ôôʳŲˣǰǹɺݾأ˲٣ô׻ͷҵĻһɾһҵɡ
˵ʱϳϣüޣԵģ⽨Ÿаôҵ͵ñҵѡ
ʿҵһ䣬һ£ϷһóһɫСӣһŻƷҪһ㣬绢ڵһվץס֣绢˵ôĻҲˣ
磡ʺеץĸоָ绢ָڲεķ֣һ˵ҸҶӣ磬Ҹ˵Ҳúÿһ°ɣôƨĵطʲô£һȥǺܺǹɾأ
ͻȻ绢¶һ˸Ĺâ̾˵ܶû׵ģθɵйǧʷƽƽʵôƽƽ档
а취ıġҡҡͷת߳˷䣬Աߵ룬Ȼһɷֵǲûб뿪Ժ뿪Ĵ
ˣаʱȻпǵķȻΪСóһӾɷ绢еԳ˼ɳϣԹԵĳ̡
Ұο䣬ջ棬߰Ҳ绢ԱߣҲ֪˵ɶ˰űһ仰ϼһɶ
绢ҲûҪһ³ɽˣСӱ˺ܶడǵǰһţһаͷͷʱʱɣڶѧ͸˵ǵǷģǴҷɵķĵúܡ
ҾͺҴСȥ⡣绢˶٣۾ڻһû뵽һζʮˣСҲˣϧҲ·
㻹д磿ֵʣǰôû˵أ
绢ٺһЦҵ˵Ҵ״磬СʱҪؤǱһ׽̵аɸʱֵҪԱҪԱҪ֯Ͳϵа˺ˣҴҪĳ˻磬ִӻ˻үִӻү˸һеļһ
ʼҲǸСؤǵ죬ҺҸ··߲ҪˣɣͰˣǸúö飬Ӵˣܡ
绢ЩǱ˺ܾһ˵Ժ컨ҡҡͷ̾
Ҳ˵ͷӾһݺöأҲûɶֵģʣأأ
ˡ绢ȦһӾͺˡ
һ㶣ʮĺĵģ̾˿˵ڰ˳ɣܸʵҲЩµģ˳£ôأҹֺġ
绢һۣ֪һһҡҡͷһ˵ҺҸѾݺˣĳֶֻ׵ڵҪҲúܣҸһƫƧĵطңȻɱˣ˺ܶ飬Ϊעñ˰ע
绢ҡҡͷĨĨ۽ǵ˵ȥôˣôأСӵȥȻҪÿ
š֣صĵ˵ͷ绢ҵͷԺЦˣԴ˵ǵǰҲôС˵ͦģƨɺ滢廢Ľء
ҿ绢ʣ𣿡
绢ҡҡͷƬ̲˵ǣ㲻ʶġ
ŶʶͲʶɡʼ


133 
ǸС˵ϵôĵĳ绢ʣ绢ҡҡͷɫһҡͷ˵Ҵǰ̫Բ飬ǰ˼ټˣҲԶûС˵ˡ
ҿ绢ӣҲʵڲ˼ˣ绢̾˵û£ҲˣȥСһɣʼȻ˵ҪϵߣͿ϶ģ˽Сӣʵڲóѹϣһӡ
Ц绢ļ˵ûû£Ҿ͸Ҵˣʲôа̲а̵ģ۾һӣһ˵ĵʮţҲȷң˼˼Ҳ̫һʰǼһ
绢Цƨһ˵ˣԼְɣҪʵڲо͸Ҵ绰
šʳ֣벻Ȼͳ΢Сˣôǵûȥͺ˼һ¶Բߵġ
绢ԺҾ͸Ͻܻȥˣ·ϻ˸绰˵м£Ͻ
һؼԺ˼ŪأƽʱҲûɶã˻ҪŪûѳԣһһæܹʣСû°ɡ
ûɶ£˵顣ʼ򣬰˺˼Ȼ绢˵Щʡˣ˵ɱļһҪץ룬û뵽˼һֵ˵ɶҪץߣģˣƤ
ˡ
ˣתţ磬һɫĶ̿һɫıأһ˵˵Ƥôأ㣬զܱܲôľ˵ҪƤƤģ˵ġ
ġְ磬û뵽ɫúѿҺͺ˼һۣ˵Ǳ
˵˭Ǳ˼ˣָʣЦ˵ǱǱ˰ɣ϶򵥣Ҳ룬ɷʲô⣿ٹߵĳ룬ֹʵϰٹǰĹͲģǰʮҲϼѣһߵҪҲܸߡ
˵ɶ˼ͷʣƪһҲȻҲûãð˵ֻǸǽһ£Ҳǻۡ
üʣ磬ô죿ң˼ĸһֱܺãҲһֱѾͷһҪǱʴȥ϶ᱻɱ˹ʹãôҲ鷢
ҡͷ˵Ѱ죬һ˵һֻһЩƣֻԼĻ϶ҲƣҪ߻ܺһ
һߵ⿪壬˳һȻ˫Ⱦɳϣ˫ҲǴſ־ģһźһ㣬Ķ˵СԸ磬Ҳ뱻ߣ
ҳЦһ˵ԣģҲߵģûʲô취Բվߣ
аҡҡͷֻҪһҾʲô֪ˣûʶˡ
üͷѰˣ˵ȻǸʦ绰ɡͺ˼ҲͷΪʵûбİ취ˡ
ֻʦ˹ȥʦܿͽˣھʣʲôˣ
ҸЦһ£ʦ˼ô֪ҳˣ
˵ôҴ绰ܳϽ˵æءʦҲе㲣ſڰ鶼ʦüͷ˵ʣ롣
ˡʦͻȻ˵һȥӢѧģǰ̵ĹǸɣʵ꣬ûк˵һʵ϶ܶԸ˵ģɣϸϹǼҶ򣬲Ȼ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
׾ô˵˼ҹ˵绰ʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ǼϹ
ǾͶɣҲĿǰõİ취ˡ˵ͷ˼˵Ҫֳ꼰޹Ƕɽһնȥ
ǼϽʰҰҵķ飬ľһװǱ˼Ҳ˷ľĶҲûҲ˼Ҳ̫ʶķǰҲûù
Ǽ͸ϽǶǸն
նǹ޵ģܴ滹кܶ·ûеͼ·ǰ˵ﾭʧٵϢǼҲܵնҲǵĵصʦȴʦĵ


134 ʬ
նһһ׿׵С滹кܶݴԵţһ棬ۣһ˲׷֣նһףʮ׵Ĵռ䣬նܴ󣬵ģ͸޾ԨһҲ룬ֻǽһҡ
ЩҲóˣ֮ǰһ֪ɶһţȫǸСĶڣֻҪ˻ŹֽĻͻᱻ档
ɽһļܱ䣬ˮ棬ʰЩ˸Ǹо䣬ҲǴЩʷʲôģ˵ҿɸǲҪСҵЩЩŸҵģ˵һа̷ӣ˶ġ
Ȼ֪ڴţƣҲͦϣţģʵһֱе˵ĲʲôõҪһλΪն棬оǰŴŵǸʾͿ϶Ҳ
ǰòɺɺĴλãǸʺĸоû㲻Ǽģ޵ĲҲӦ֤һһ
ֻû䣬ʦڽרҲСʱʱ䣬ڶʮһˣǸʦ绰ҲȥСʱˣʱһ賿ӽҲԽԽС˵ķһ㶼Ǵ賿ͻȻðϮǵģһ㻹ƵĴһԭ⣬ĸо仰ܶƣȻҵˣ˵仰ɶ塣
ʮһʮʱͷȻһǸھȻ޵һӰһڴ󺰣ǹȻ⣬ҵƫƧĵطǺɱڶ԰ɣ
˾ûе˽͵Ŀ磬˵õӶأգǼŷƨûŹʱ̫ˣҲû壬һ죬˵ëãǰûùŸӶģֲҡ
Ҳú糶ˣóľСĿӰӰ߽ڿˣȻǸʣƤôĲҰܣһɫװԺͷĿ˵ֻɷҿԷǼ
̬ȼֱòƺܶ໵˶˵仰˵ʲôʲôӾͷǣܳϻܸ͸ˣ˼ʾĵһ˵־á
û˼۵˵Ժͳһ͵ķʲôʱСķû뵽ǣտڵʱͻȻſھһƹ⣬Ȼˢһ¾ͳʴȥ
ʻͷЦһ£Ҫȥ
¡
һľԺ󷢳˴˽⣬Ҳ̲סܳʲô⡣
ȽʧԺʻõģҪһƤҲ˺ܶϸ΢ѺۣкܶɫѪӿҵʱˣѲа̵ļһѪܱɫ𣿲ʱҲעʱ
ʱʺһըˣóһаȥϾкһӾĶͷ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
һ۵Ĺâһֱը˺ü⼸ǴֲʱһϸҲˣղʽʱϵɷӦصúܺãûбſڵŷ֣ԺȻǱˡ
ŸķܲھͲ˵ˣʱ˵رţƣҲǰ˵ģȿȣǷͦġ
Թԣа˰ҿŸղʱҴˣҲǸ˵˵ǵǰûôû뵽񺰣ӣˣ
֪ˡһû˵꣬ͻȻҾ͸оӱһֱץסֻ־͸ǯһҵͷһȻʣ񲻷һľͰ˵ͫѾ˴ɫûͫףﾹȻҲ¶ŴĻԣӦ
ʱʻڲﻹķϻ֮Ұ޵Ľһ缱һֻʬ
ʬԴʱеתˣʬֱıôôһǽʬ
ʻڲܷŭһͻȻ𣺡ء͸ǵĽһ
𣡡ʳҷŭһȻץסҵĲӾߴգ˶ҲҵĲҧ


135 󶷽ʬ
ҵʱˣΪʴʱжֲʲôģ˵ʵʬ壬ظһȦؼǾȻнʬⶫһǱı֣ġ
˫ϾҪҧҲӵʱ򣬺˼Ÿ˹ľ𣺡
ľݺݵĴʵĶͷʱľ˳ҵȥģܸоľȥ
˼ʱҲ϶汾µģľЩаɷĶҲкܴá
ҧҵĶҲˣҵĲһ˦ұˤϣһؿϣҧסʹڿɲǽʱˡ
˼ҵڵϣҲҵΣգóһŻƷľϣȻŷʧľһ󵭵Ļƹ⣬˼ľʾͿȥ
ҵʱҲ˲ģæӵܻĵطҵıóҵǰľ
תʱպһӰҷ˹ҶһȻǺ˼һӾͱ˼ײ˵ϣŵء
Ҷоһһϵĺ˼˼ﾹȻ۵һ³һ̲Ѫ
ıƿҵ֣û¡Ȼֽվ˹ȥҲվһʱǽˤء
ԵģһаһŴ޽ղƷȾͳ˹ȥ
类˦ʱҺͺ˼ҲѾܹȥˣ˼ľͺʴ
Ҳˣʵر󣬺˼һ»ҪˣûɶʽҲ࣬һͨҴʱҲûã˼һ߶Ĺһ߾ľ
ҾԱŻ͵Ϯ˼չ黹Ǵ򲻹һһһȭں˼ϣѺ˼һȭſˣȻ̧Ⱦͳź˼ȥٶر졣
ͶںˣѾģǸûᣬа֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
ָҲѾаͳĸȥ
һƤƽֶο϶ղź˼ľôҲûһô
һаҲ˵ģǱȽϸ߼ķһ׷ĺܶɢ
׷ģ·һһţ漰Ƚȫɢ룬һ˵׷ҪһЩЩС׷ûʷˡ
һºȥʹҲû뵽ɣʲôƨʬʬģһⲻǸš
ſǼеĵطôһ޴ķȥҲʹ಻ĲҽһҲʲô˼ˣתҵؿھһȭ
޽ղƷ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷣
ƽʱЩ䣬ɲҪھ
λɱΪʱ͸һ̵ģзȵĴȻնħĵҪˣ˧ͷѡ
Ҫҳһ룬ȻٺĹҲɣʵأ
ʱǲ˵Σû¾͸ѿһϵظЩ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷣ҿ룬Ȼٶر죬Ļ͸ߴﹾࡣ
òƫˣʱһɫϳ֣סһȭϱǵɷģҪͨ˸һȭ͵סǽʬȴвһˡ
ʬҲаɷһ֣ȻֻʬĺܲһҵĴ޽ղƷ㽩ʬǹһ
һȭѾѺˣı壬ϵɷԣӦʬǣ֮ǰڶ棬ڲҪһ
ҵʱĹЩʱһ֣һк͵ץȥʱƶûӦء
⵹ɵִڸҵĸоͺҰһʵҲҰޣӦҪһһǽʬı׶ˣҲɶġ
һץסŵȻþȫһ
𣡡һ˹ҵϣҾ͸оתһ㣬ɳףڵϹ˺ü²ͣ
Ҳ˫ۿңͺɱȫһԩˡ
ʿһѾһ㣬ſ죬Ҿץ˹ǹɱϢѹҴ
ͻȻնڳһӰȻʾ˹ٶر죬һȭʵĶϡ


136 ֽʬ
ٵ⣬붯׾ŵͽܣҲԼмԴ档
ľȻʦʦһȭʵĶϣԭڷ˫۶Ҫ͹һ㣬ʦ񲻸һȻ˵ϡ
ҪһҲмͽסʱ翴ʱʰˣҲ֪ĸܳˣղŴʱôûӰأ
ʦͳһ̣Һһһָ˵Ͻȥ˼
ſ˼ڵأܹȥ˼˼һƿңŸ첲Ҳһۣ˵ûɶ¡
Ŷҵ˵ͷʱֵֹģ˼䵭һ
ʱҲûʱЩתʦʣʦɶոڵģ󡣡
ʬɶʦȼ̣ţһʦ˵ҲĽʬ
ʬǱıôֵʣʦһۣ˭㽩ʬǱıģ
˵ϰ۽ʬƬݵġ
ȥһ˸СͽأǽʬƬⲻнʬֻһЩʬʬѡʦӵĿ˵ϵһ˵һҲнʬ
ϡ͹ĽʬѪɵĽʬȻǰ۽ʬһʬ֮𽥿ƲסԼΪָ䲻Ͻʬ֣ĽʬǡͻȻʦ뵽ʲôһ
ʦҡҡͷ˵ˣˣʬƲסԶоˣȻôɵҵǸϽȥҽԺɣȴ棬һѺŪץֵĵι
šҵ˵ͷǻɶأͻȻ߽һӰڵҪأ
һˣʦɫ΢΢һ䣬۾ǵÿ˭ˣʶı¡
أ㻢塣
Ȼ绢ʱ绢һɫĵۣ˿ӣü֮侹Ȼһ˿ƽʱǸ׵Ĺִһ㶼ϵ
û뵽ʦȻЦž۽Ứܹȥıס绢˵壬ȻûȻû
㲻֪ҺãһֱûϢ绢ɱ㣬ȻȻʦûһʱҲ˵ֻʬˣ绢˵ߣҸϽȥ㣬ôˣġ
ˣҲףΪʲôһֱҲ׵ģ˾Ϊ绢ָڵϵʣʱʻʱʱĶһ£Ļ硣
ʦʱЦû⣬ǲһ㣬壬ҪɱҪңǺһ仰
ҵĵܵܡ绢һʼľҲȫʧȡ֮ǳǳĿʦ˵ϣ⡣
û뵽ʦʱ˵壬治ҲӣҪҷˣҿ϶˵һôв᲻ס
ҪǸͨаˣֻ˾ĽʬҲˣǸֽʬ͸ЩŪϡͽʬѪɽʬȻƲסѪһƲסᵽɱҧ˵ģ
ҶףҲû뵽û뵽绢¶˳ݣҸѾˣҾһˡ
˭˵ģ㻹㣬ҡʦ˵绢룬̾˵壬㣬žͷŰɡ
绢һһ̾Ķʦ˵һζȥˣҲһС˵ɳúöֶŮ
ʦ˵ͷʲôһתͷ˵ǼŸɶˣлү
ֱĻʦ壬ǵȷýлүԼͬá
ܳС˵Ҫ췴Ľ𣿡ʦҺĶͷʹһ£۵ġ
ȻʦŻ˵㼸ģ⼸Ҳףʱڽ򿴿ɣַҳ»ҪͿˡ
ţġ绢˵ͷʦŴ󲽵ߣҲϽϣ绢ʱҲûҪߵ˼ֻʬɡ
߳Ƭӣû뵽⻹ͣһ⳵أ˾ʮ꣬һǼˣͲͷĳʦģ㲻˵ȥϸôôȥôãʮˡ
ǼԵıһʦȻǴ⳵ġ
εȻΣգʵǼûʲôرصˡһЩƤˣȥԺõҩˮ˲ʦæһǻȥԺ˸кȻ뿪ˡ


137 Īֵĺ˼
ڶԺһۣһҲ˵ģʹĵطһʱ䶼ʮһˣ߳䣬ɳϻˮ˯磬ҡҡͷ
򿪱䣬滹һЩˣú˼ķţ˼ܿˣԺͰŸʣʲô£
ͦ䵭ģҵʱͲˣɶŪأ㻹ҰǰҲǣ֪ǲǳԴҩˡ
Ҿ˵˼ɶһŸܺ𣿡
档˼˵͹ţҿź˼Ĺţ˿ҡҡͷʣ˵ֲɶˣë
뵽˵㣬Ҳеʧ䣬ó㳴˵㣬ȻͰԷ
統ʱʹŸɫĽǿ㣬м仹и󣬱ԺĽԺ󣬲˲ߵĿˮһ᣺лع𣬰˻ӣҪԡ
˵ƨƨߵĴŸڿܵÿˣһ˯ϲڿ˯ϲ·Ҳûú˼ײҪǺ˼ײ˶˵һѾӡ
绶ϲصĳŻع⣬ʱʱ˵һúóŶҰ֮Ļҡҡͷ¶һ
˵ûûΣŲۣһ磬Ҿ͸о˳ϲҡ
극ɳϣŴҰ׻Ұ׵գó̳Ŷһ쵼ͷ˵Ĳ
ʱ˼ķҲˣһѾѸײڶ֮ؿڣæ·ź˼һ׼ľ˵쵼ʲôָʾ
ҹȥ˼˵Ҫߣһ࣬ɲôĻ˵ǣʲôˡ
ĿСʣСìˣ
ҵʱҲĪıһСڣȫҶСڡ
ܳҲͳԸعô˭˭Ұһ޹Ǳ˼ȥȥˣܻʹ಻ı飬͸̷̳ࡣ
Ҳ֪ɳϣҡҡͷЦһ£ΪʲôҪˣҵ£֣ҾͲܽиŮҹ֣
ó绰͸ϲƴȥϲһ˵ҹ־˵СԻԣҲ֣ҸĸԷ
ָϲȵϲȵ˵СԻԣҲ֣ϴ·
ָȴ绰ҲͬĻش𣺡СԻԣҲ֣ĵĹ֣ˣ˼

ԣʲôⰡҲֻˤˣôҲʶôǣһ˭
ˣɺɺҲͨɺɺĵ绰ҲҲܾĻᣬֱӿھ˵֪ҹ֣԰ſڣʮ㣬ɢ
Ը磬ôˣɺɺֵʣͻȻһ绰˰ɣʵڴһﲢûôɺɺϵˣֻż绰ô֮ģûԼ
ˡ˵͹Ҷ˵绰ҡҡͷ˼˼ͷۡ
ҿɲô۵ˣȻѾ˼ɺɺˣôҲһ˥ȥɡ
һһɫţп㣬һĸӳȥ¥µһϴ˸ͷ˸˧ķ͡
žԼӣ˵Ƚ˧ȸǶû⣬̫ˡ
ȵʮ㣬ҵ˶԰ʱɺɺ͵һаûˣѾͷӳ졣
һɫT˼̿㣬ʱʮ·ݣѾеתˣĺÿ͹µĶչ¶˳
ʱһɫİվԭأڵһ˹ȥɺɺң¶΢Ц˹
Ը磬þòˡɺɺЦ˵ôô˧
ⲻŮôܶŮЦһ£е̾˵һ㶼ôˡ
У˵Ҵһɺɺҡҡͷ
Ҳûɶ˵ģ˵֪˵Щɶ˾ĵĵ֣棬ɺɺ·ʲôĶԼǮ
ʱһеĺһȥȻǮǸƱԱжӵĿˣЩ۾ˣһ㶼ǲȡǺƶȣǱɡ
ĵĹ䵽̳һ̲̲裬ôҲˣҺɺɺȥԺҸλˣɺɺ̲裬ĵʣԸ磬Ůأ
ŮѣֵĿɺɺɺɺͷ˵ǰǸ˵ϲǸк˼Ů𣿡


138 ɳת
ϲͱŮôҿŮϲŮŮѣҡͷ뵽ʱ亮˼䵭̬ȣҲǺܲ
⣬ѡŮѣһϲŮһϲŮѡʲôأɺɺȤһʡ
ì𣿡ҷʵϲŮϲңϲ𣿼ȻǵϲôΪʲôһأĵ⡣
ŶɺɺŭŬͣͷ̲ˣһϸ룬ղҵĻش𣬶ʱҲǳ˼
ͻȻȻ˼ŮϲôͲһ𣿡
תͷһָȥһıһ·ʲôģ˼˫ֱĿҵ۾ҵ۾пһ
ţΪġҿź˼۾ͷˡ
˼ҡҡͷû˵ʲô뿪̵꣬˫ۿĿңҾһһ
˼һҲûʲô˼ˣɺɺ˵˾䱧ǸҲһԼؼˡ
һؼҵԺ˼ǶûأԼɳû¸ɣ򿪵ӿĵʱ˼Ż¹һѵĶ
ģǲҲ̶ã¶кûҴ򣬰ȾܣǸӺԽӰһ
˼ҲҴкԼԹԵڰЩԼķ䡣
ҿһᶫҲ鷳ģҾվ߹ȥҪְæأӣ˼͵˵ᣬԼпˡ
㣬⵽Ҫûɣһ첻𣿡ҿź˼ʣ˼ǲңԼԼĶ
˵úú̸̸
ûɶϵûɶ̸ġ˼ҡͷŭͷ͵ݿ˰ɣ̸һķǮ˰ɣ
˼֪ˣתͷңԥһӣſ˵ǰҵǰһԵǰкøҲΪСٻҲɳҾңҲκˡ
˵Ժһ˷ţҿź˼ͣȥɶɶҲɵӣ˼˵ǰӺһȣҶʱ뵽ǸΣСٻɳ
ѲǰǸ͵߶ԣװߵʻܵģҲǾҲСˣٻŮĻСٻôһ͵߶ԣԲܣûôɵB
ֻתҿ϶ŵģҵظ¹ˣ϶ֻתģǸֵΣæ绰ʦ˹ȥ
ʦԺֵʣôֳˣ
ҡͷ˵ǲǣʦ֪ǰ˭ˡ
û뵽ʦһӦͦ󣬽ʣ˭
֣ʦӦôɶҾ˵ɳ
֪һǰɳһأصûУʦʡ
Ҹˣ˵֪һһǰ𣿡
ʦڵ绰Դʧ˵ˣ㲻֪ˡ
ɶڴġҡҡͷʦ˵ѣͽܵʱҾõظ˵ǰһ˵ͨڵظܲǰġ
ϢȴУ˵תϢȻǵظ߻ܣʮӴĶֻеز֪еС棬˵˸˲õͽء
ʵɳҲǺ˼ҵģСһصΣңһ峺Ķѡ
ʱʱһ治Ұ峺ϵǶɫԵ񣬺˼һֱڿ㣬һҲ㣬֪
Ǹݰʦ֪Щ鲻֪ң峺ʵ峺
֪ͲɫԵĵˡ
㰡Լúúͺ˼ɣի־ܶʵҲģͺñɳĹ£ʵʵģʵһʦż¼˺ܶʵĹ¡
ˣ˵ˣҲæʦ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
Ҳûʲôʦ˵ǸתԴҵģҪô죬ϲ˼ģ˼ȴԽԽˡ
ѲֻҪ¶峺Ϳôܵվӣɴ۾Լ
ԲаҿžԼСֲ꣬ʧ룬ôǵ񣬺峺ƨϵ
ˣҡҡͷ˵峺˵ʦǴŮû˵
Ū˵ڴϣԺı˯ˡ

һȻǸŹֵ֣ڱܣͬǣε徹ȻҿƵģҾ͸һӰһԼǸСͤ


139 
κǰһǰܿԼڵΣҿǸԼһһҴõźСͤȥ
ܵûͦ죬ܿܵ˺еСͤСͤİɫɴġ
Ǹͺ˼һһŮӣŮԺź˶ʣҽϾϿСɽ·֪ɽô𣿡
֣ҿˣҲǿٻŮĻĵӰòһμ²Ŷ԰һˣӰʼǵӰСٻɳĹʵġ
дС˵ҲȫʵͬС˵͵ӰĹʼǾģβʵĹ£ȻҲͲһˡ
ŮӣҲСٻ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼƽʱ˼װͰ͵ϰˣŮһЦо
СٻЦϾϿɽ·ԶʱҲˣҼȥЪϢһ·
ȥҪִԼڵĽడû뵽ɳȻɫһţҡͷ˵Ůбⲻ̫ãл⡣
СٻֵĿɳһۣ˵ͷָһ˵ˣǰһ·̱һӿǰȥЪϢһɽ·̡
лСɳ֪䣿ɳʡ
Сٻ
ɳɵķҿҳһһԸΪͬļһﰵһﱿǸҲ˵ˣ϶ˡ
ȻⱿ˶ʮӾͿһƾɾɵܽȥԺæһѻó
һһСʱҾԱ߿飬˶Ҳ֪ɶʱѣš
ֹ˲֪ãžͱһ紵ˣȻǸСٻȻƮ˽۾һУȻǹ
ﻹһЩɳͷһӭȥ˵С㲻֪ôᵽˣ
СٻŹԺóĸ˵ҸҲǶˣؼԺ˵£ҴԵĸӡ˵žͰЩͷ˹ȥ
ɳͷ˿ĭ֮ǰ¹һ꣬ĸӦöʪˣڰأǼͷ˵Ȼ˼ҵĺ⣬ôҾ͹˵ŽӹͷͿ
Сٻɳͷһ˿⣬Це˫֣§סٳͷɳĲʣɳ𣿡
ɳͷһ£ҵʱվԱߣɳȻȫûСٻǲϵĿͷԵģҺ޲ȥţȻϡ
Сٻɳһ£ֵʳָɳ°ͣ˵ҵ۾
ɳȻ̧ͷ۾Сٻ˫Ѿ쵽ɳĲӺ棬˫ֵָѾףѪɫرˣϾͻҪɳСһ
ɳãĿСٻ۾ͷСٻͻȻҭˣһ£ͷ³Сٻһͷ
СٻҲû뵽ᷢ飬æջ֣ŪϵͷĲŪԺ֪վԭأֺ֪ôһץͷץҪˡ
Ҳоɳ̫ɵˣɳСٻҲǻæĵǸ˼˼Ҹղſ̫ˣһûסͰͷ³ˡ
ȥʲôͣһ̫2ˣСٻһɺ񻹺һ˵ͷ˳˳ͷֹɳĲӣ˵ûϵٿҵ۾Ư𣿡
ֱָʺɫʱҪɳɳ¸ɾͷĿСٻ˫ۡ
𣿡СٻʣˣԻЧģʵܶ˻ɻΪʲôֹҪԻˡ
ʵȰԻĹǣҪǹֱɱ֣ɱˣҲɹǣûкôġ
ɳȻ죬ͷ͵ЦСٻֵʣЦʲôҲƯ
ǲǡɳҡͷ˵ղűһͷӾЦˡ
˵ɳŶЦСٻɳһۣҡҡͷε˵ˣǸˣԺˡ˵ת뿪¡
ɳСٻ뿪һ޹ʣιôˣѲҸղЦˣĺܺЦ
Сٻ˼شʧӰ٣ɳҡͷ¼ʱʱһЦ⣬ģҵξ˹


140 ʬϮˣ
۾ѾˣԴɳ峺ˣǶһϧĹûˣ治֪ʲô顣
·Ҿ˼Ҫô峺ѲɺɳһԷʱк˼ȻѲº˼һȻЦ
вУҵս˼ļޣ̫ðˣһŪûģһǾһ˳Ȼͺˡ
ͻȻҵĵ绰һȻ磬ҽ˾ʣι簡ɶ°
ڵ绰ǱģӣϼһղɽҴ绰ˣʲôطˣȥ顣
õģȥк˼˵ҾҪҵ绰û뵽æ˵ǧȥ͹ˣУż
һϸ룬ʱˣǰú˼ȥָŪӰˡ
Ҳ͹ȥоͲаɣұǱѧУſȥϵģĩҲ࣬ƶڼ˯ء
ߵУžͿˣԱ߻վɽɽһȻʮˣǺܸӡ
˵ֳĩҲżٰҹȥʹк
ɽҲЦһ˵ˣżأҲΪʶҹȻԼڼ˯֪жɽȻ˵ͦġ
ָ·ߵľ˵˵ˣȸһȥҽԺɡ
Һ˵ͷϳӺľҽԺȥҽԺԺֱͣʬ䡣
һͣʬ䣬ȥһֵͦģأһҽʬ߹ȥʣôģ
ǣǸҽŤͷȻĿͶɽ񻹴ɻ󣬻ǲɽôСɶ
ɽָ˵ҵϽ˵˵ɣ˷ʱˡ
ҽ˵Ƿҽɣ˵ͷ֣ȥ߹ȥָʬ˵߽ᣬŮʮ꣬ĳ˾죬ʮһңڼ¥ſģʧѪࡣ
ʧѪࣿҺһۣ߹ȥһһŮĶʮ꣬ɫܲ԰ףѪ͸ҧһ
ʬСĳʣһۣ˵ô֪
ǸҽҲҵĻ˵ͷ˵ΪҧƴڴѪʧˣر죬ֳҲûѪȻʮֲϿѧ߼ӦöΪ޽ⰸ
ԱһʮľҲóһ˵ҲǰκγңڼҲĵ˵ʱľ󡣡
˵žͲ֪ʲôطóһʼǱԣҺǰȻһƵļһǵ
濪ʼûһ߾ʹһɫְҵװߵԼſҪţʱһӣӱһ§סȻſһҧľ̴ųʮ룬߲ͣڲȻΪʬӾתˡ
Ƶҽŵ˿Ƶʬʣҿ϶û
ǿƵԺɽ߹ʣôһЩüĿ𣿡
ҡҡͷʱǸóʼǱľȴʣǵǵǣŮʬ᲻ҲɽʬҲغĿġ
֪Եȡҽüҡҡͷæóֻʦ
ߵһߵĽ䣬һʦŽ˵绰ʦǱʣҵĹԹͽܣôˣȥôҲûô°
ҿЦһ˵ʦҪ°ֳˣ˱ʬҧˡ
ʦһĬˣ˵龭ȫҡ
Ұʣǵĵǣ᲻Ҳɽʬ
ᡣʦ϶˵У¿϶йϵʱ˽ʬ㲻Ҳ˵ôǸʬûӦʰɽʬģһͼĽʬ
ʬһ˱ɽʬӾҧ˼һھͿˣͱɽʬôʬһ˱ɽʬҪʬľѪʬѪҹغܷ߼ĽʬһĽʬܺҰѾѪ˵ġ
ʻ鷳û£ͼĺ۽ʬģӦʰסҪɱ̫ˣҪѪ̫࣬˰۽ʬ鷳ˣڻǺۣϸ˵㲻Ͻʬʬ֣ǰץסԺǵľ
˵ͷʣûʲô취ֻʬڸûֻʬ䰡


141 ʬ֣
ûɶ취ԼɣҲ࣬鲻ʱǵģɣҴ绰ҡ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ô˵翴ʣ˵İѣ佩ʬģľյ
ʼ뵽߼ͬ⣬ǵҪֻعԺſᡣ⼸ҡҡͷ
úòҰͻȻžͱƿˣʮķ򸾽˶Ứſʬϴޡ
ɽһɫһ󺰣ֵأ̸֪ô˽ģ
ʱͳС죬ʮҰɣһʵϰģǸҪϷ򸾳ȥ
翴ۣæֹʵϰĶ˵˷ʥͣǺúԼŮɡ
ǾһŮ٣һҪΪѩްǸϸ˿žͲιȥǸҲʹ֪ĸɱǧɱҵŮŮС͡
ҿ˵Ĳ״ͻȻҲһ˿̣˵Ӻֹܶ࣬Щ޽ⰸкܶ೵¹ʵȵȡ
˭ǲƽģԼһеǣһΧģЩӺܶ඼òƽĽ֣ͺñ顣
ŮôҲ֪࣬ҲֹЩ޽ⰸЩǮƵײ˲Ҳһûʲôһң⡣
й֮ʮʡٶУ˼䱯綼ǲϵݣżҰգһȲǾţһë׺һڶѣʵÿ춼ԩݣȴû塣
ͻȻһּǿҪһþԸ뿴Щܺ˼Цݣ뿴ЩеĲӣ
ɶأˮˡԱһ£һعҿЦҡҡͷ˵ûɶ
λ򸾱ͳȥԺƾǹУ˵ֳİɣͽˣһǸʬ͵֣֮Է
ɽɫһ࣬˵֣˭صסԼа취ĻֱӰ˰ɡ
ҵ˵ͷ߳ҽԺɽҲ˵ˣֻʬϢϸҴ绰
ҺҽԺſڵϣọ́Źĳȼ̣أͻȻҵ绰ˣɽæ˵绰
죬ҽԺԱߵĻ԰ǿȥǲǽʬ
һĻʱҶϵ绰ͳŲԶĹ԰ȥ翴ҼҲǸоˣæ
԰н԰Ǻܴ󣬾һСм仹кܶСͤԼһЩľɣԭ԰ĿľΪ˸ҽԺĲһĵطھҽԺſһҡ
ҳ嵽԰ſڵʱ򣬹һ˺Ҳһ˵ܳζʬ
죬ҳһû뵽һﾹȻȾܣҶ˵׷һܵر죬ӦǶʮң·
ΧһҵȦĩطҲĶˣһר˶ĵط꣬ΪϲɣôҲĳˣԿ޵ʬ
ҿǼһԽԽ죬ָֻǼһ𣺡Ǿ죬ǼһС͵ס
ȥҲ𻹺ãһЩС͵Ȼٵĸǽʬóһ·ܼȺóһһ׿·Ⱥһǵö൨С
ǰֻһ˾СкһǹסС͵󺰣С͵վסþʰ㡣
û뵽ĸæСһߣ׻˵£ЩС͵ƼɶҸɣԺ鲻ܣ֪
СкֻΨΨŵŵĵͷﰵ̾һ˵С¾ˣСӣԺ쳯˻ά
ҺֻʬԽԽԶʱͻȻһ׳ƿһֹŮѣǰʬ
Ǹӣֿ϶ǸģʬȻŸ˻
𣡡ʬҲʵ¶࣬ͥ¾ȻʬˡľȥĻǿһһûӦȻ˵ڵϣʬһڳҧȥ
ҸպҲˣһųŽʬĲȥһŸ߿ȻӱͳľҲܲʲôȺڿˣֻһ
һ⽩ʬؿڣȻɵľͰףײˣʬȻҴתͳһߵһСҧ˹ȥ


142 Ԯ
СҲɫ˲ɷҲˣȥһץͷһקȻľ˳ĺȥ
һ£⽩ʬͱҺſ£ӱͳа֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
Ȼĺ׾ȥһ͵˵ϣˣҴŴղôãҲ۵òС
ͻȻҽһۣҵͷһȻֻʬ̫ƻˣղžȻײҧҵС˳һ߿Ⱦˣ׷ǽ۵
̾˿ſԱߵСû£￴ʮ꣬ûͦģʱɫɷ׵ڵϣӵѪ͸ҪǮӿһѾҧˡ
סĲӱǸĻڵϣѾȥŮſڵϿ޴㲻Ҫæ㲻бӦ˰ɣɵġ
ҵŮһۣ˵ѲǱӢۣôְֻæˣΪǱô䲻
Χ˱һ˵Ҳе㲻˼еҲϽǰæһסǸеĲӣȻһ̧ҽԺ
ҽԺ̫Զ͹ȥŪ˼֢ңڼ֢棬ǸŮԱ߿޿ģĲ֪ɶطȥˣΧкܶྯѯǸŮ¼ڹ
Ȼʬ˶ܽӴģȺҲɶ˵ģܿɽҲˣҽеȵĽСʣֻʬʲôˣ
ղŹžˣǼһˡüҡҡͷ̾˿Ҳûа취飬ɽҲҡҡͷ̾˵԰Ҳˣʮ꣬ͦҵģڼҽԺ֣Ҫ˵ء
ָƨȫȥˡҲͷΪˣѾʮַˡ
ղֻʬҧ˵Ҳһ亹ҪļһͻȻȥ㳡ҧһͨʮ˻̫Σˡ
Сʱ羹ȻˣСӻҾģղȥˣ
ϵһһЦһ˵Ϊ¶ôȻǸֻʬѰסٺ١
ģҾϲĿ磬ĺ޲ñһڡ
˵ͷ˵һϢֹһֻʬסĵطһɲͬʬ
Уü˵ͷ˵ˣȻɣҪŪҲܼһʱᣬȥŪһ°ɡ
˵ŻָָŵСȣҵͷһʱѪأղŻûоۣڱһ˵оۣҽԺҵطһ£ھ͵ǽʬа̲ˡ
ʱŽǸ˺ǸŮûʲô󰭣ָһʱͺˣǸھ˹
Ҳȥύһλˣ߽ӦöʮҰɣǼ⣬ŮԱ߿ء
һҽ͸Ůʹ˸ʾȥŮѵǺܹɣ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
ǣû̡ǸһھȻҪ̣˿ɲС£ҡͷ˵ӻܳô
ƨƸôڲӵʱƬڹͷﲻҲһ̺Ⱦô˶˵ˣҲͳ̶һȥ
ⲡҲһˣԱߵĶǿŵģ˵ȼ̣һЦе˵ǣҽйԮôƺ
Цһ£Ҳǵȼ̳˿˵»ԡ
Ԯ˵ͷ㲻һ˰ɣץֵĻ¼Сˣ
һһô֪ЩģҲɫ˵ǣ
εлǳˡҿŹԮл
ԮֵĿһ˵лҸɶǹûץ
룬˵֪ʿĴڡ
ԮԴ˵ɶŮû棬һֱңڲӴ߰꣬ŸоͲӲ̫󡣡
ǰĸأִӣҺʣԮҡҡͷ˵鱣й涨˵ִͨǶ͸Сһ
ԮǶԲӵϲ˺ܶ࣬ͲĸǸɼܣԼôЩ±ģԼôô㣬Ҿʣôϲӣôأ
˵Ԯɫһ˵ԭģһйϵļһҼˣ˸󣬾¡


143 Ʋ
ҵ˵ͷδԲʲôۣѾˣĲˡ
ԮҲȷӣӵĴ˻Ӳǳһ̣ڿʱһʮ߰ҽ˽
һҽͿ˹Ԯڳ̣ɫһ꣬ŹԮȵ㲻ҪˣϽҶ
Һ͹ԮһۣʼֶͷͦϲǵģүǣǺ֪Ҳ٣˵ԼԼæµ󲻵ãҵ绰150XXXXX449
Сóֻĵ绰ȻǸҽЦЦתˣԮ˵ûҽҪʰǼʬأǧܵ顣
ҳ˲ҲûȥǸҧСǣ˸绰ȻڸڲһʵϰʿMMأܹȥһȻڵϷһʮ˾MM
ȥǸɶأϽȥϺ˼һ¡ҳЦĵ˵ͷСʿ˵㡣
ҽԺԺԭЦɫǱúܳȣֱӴżҿȥϵʱҲüͷ˵˼ʲôһ
˵ط˼ҲԴ׼ˣǿһʱ䣬ϰ˵ˣҲˡ
˼ɻʣʲôˣôĽҳ
ˣʬ¡˵˼һüʣʲôȼĽʬ
ͼĽʬѣ۶㲻ϡЦһ£˼˿
ҵʱҲҴ쳯ʵ£ɶʬѲɻֵֺܶȼأ
˼ȴǺĵĿ˵ĽʬȼԴǵ۾ɫ֣죬̣ƣף֣߼۾ͼġ
ʱӿ˵㲻ϰۣҹǾǱǸ۽ʬҧģֻͼģֻҪʳ㹻ѪҺǻɰ۽ʬ
翼һ˵Ǽʬ¸˺˾ҧȥǵļһʵµġ
ҵ˵ͷϱǡ
عͷʣǱýһЩ˵ʵӣǸʬ֣ҪǺмʤ㣿
룬˵ϻˣû˵ĻӦ߳ɣڵĻĳɡ
˵ͷԣ⼸ʬȻΪĽʬҲֻǺ߼ʬԱȶѣʵǵͨ˴1.5ǰӦöʲô֣һͨȭ֣ͻȻô϶رѲ
˼˵ô粻ͷˣ˵ֱ˵ɶͿˣˡ
һָЦһ˵򵥣׽ǡ
һֵʣ׽ǸɶѶȵжߣ
ΪԸû׽ˡص˵ΪǸʣǼʬʳʵ䣬Ȼ
ŪЩʬȻŪģһʼǸ鷳Ҳ̫ܳһˣԼĽʬѪŪЩʬѲɾĵ𣿡˸ŹâһԿ͸оԱվһ̽һ
ʵԴһֱܺʹֻƽʱװøһѡ
˼Ҷ˵ͷġ
翴ûзԼ˵ʵȫһ²⣬ˣرصˣҪѪάԼ
Բѣҧ⼸һԼռѪҺά˵Ҳͣһ£һɻĵطʵʱֻǱ׾Ŵһȭѣ˵ôذɣ
ҲԽǼһΪʲôôˣƽĽʬʳһѪ͹ˣҪһ˸ձɽʬԼҲһʱĿ־ڣẦࡣ
óֻһʱ˵ӣڰ˵һʮȥѯһ绢ô£ʵйء
Һͺ˼ȥǼʬʮʱڳ㳡Գſڻϡ˵Ժߵһȥ⳵
˼Ҳҵ˵ͷ¿ɲ򵥣ɲֶŮ鳤ʱ
Ҳæ绢СȥܵſڣҲſڵģƿţ绢û棬Ŀȥ
ƿҾͿ绢绢ޱɳϿأŤͷһңҲ¶һ˿΢Ц˵ˣɡ˵ָɳ
壬ʵʸ£ǹʵġҲ˼Դһᵽʣҵ˼̾˿ҡͷ˵ˡ


144 
ǣġҰĲ²⣬ʲô˵˳˵꣬绢ɫ壬һɻĿʣѾˣ
šҵ˵ͷ˵˵ӵġ
绢ͳһ̣ȼԺ󣬺ݺݵĳһڣ˵ûȷˣҸɵġ
ҾȵĿ绢Ȼʴˣ
绢һǵ˵СѾ·ˣߺҾȰˣԼȥǺܺôʲôаû˼
С̫ˣȰ˰죬ûڸģһҸһظа̣ףСѾж̫ˣԺܻǻɱûнѾҴɼصˣҾ𡣡
绢˵Ѿһ֧ˣƽҲǶ绢Ŀף
ɲǹ˵˵ôףҲ㣬绢Сû˫ףһһܵܣ籾ѾˣʣµܵôһˣǵҲһ˵óġ
壬İɣҾʸץɱü
û뵽绢ɫȴҵ۾ܼ˵ҪɱȻ󲻳ĺʼҵĵܵܣҲְǣлɱǧҪ飬Ȼڵֻ㡣
ҲףЩа̷ӶǷҲֻʹˮʻĻǺɾˣҪǵһҲνһĸװ
뵽⣬Ҳסˣվ绢˵壬æµˡ
绢ҲңԹԵĿŵӣҰȾͳȥˣͳ绰˹ȥܿͽˣ˵ôô͸Ҵ绰ˣ
βܵȻ˵Ժ󣬵绰һ£漴ЦľܺãȻӥã׼ץǼһ
ӥһʮ¥ĸ¥һд¥¥иӥݣ¥һЩ˾ʲôġ
ų⳵˽ӥ¥£һ۾Ϳͺ˼ڲԶĿϵ»棬ʱŽӥɨء
ҲЦݵ߽˿ϵ»ȥԺҪ˱־ߡ
ĵطһ䣬պܿӥãΧҲûɶˡ
߹ȥҲ˵ȡҵıڱһ¶ľĽѣʱֱ֣һͿ԰ľóаһŴ޽ղƷ׼ˣ˿㶵档
˼һľŸƴĺɫ̣ʱ̿һۡ
ŵʱж530ֻһʱȥץţȻҪ©֮ҲԼ١˵ʱԷŵһ˵ġ
Һͺ˼û˵ҲֻǱֺȣҲʱ˵Ҳû˵ɶֻǾ绢ѡ
ʱܿ͵˾ŵʮҺͺ˼װһȥ
Ҫһ531530ķ䣬Һͺ˼ȥԺ΢׼һ£ϾȻǺͽʬκʱ̶ܴ⣬ȻԼôĶ֪
Ұǿŷ˿㶵棬˱ҪǱϮʱԱһ±
Һͺ˼׼Ժ߳ţߵ350ſţ˼վſڿںͿݵģ
ǵһ߶ֻʬҵӣûһžʹˣһӵûпݵİˡ
ֱӳȥһžͰŸ߿ˣǸһȻǰʱܵĽʬһҲˡ
˼ţһžؿϣ߷ɻݣҺͺ˼˽ȥ˳ִ˷ţɲһһˡ
һ˫˼䣬ʱһΧڴϣﻹ˿ء
ҿ⼸һЦһ£˵Ǿ죬ǱˣȰͶȡĿ
ͶһվҾһУ𣡡
Ҳ¶Ҳ¶ȻҺͺ˼
Ҵӱľ˵һ˵ҾͳץǸʬȥ
ʬһ׶ߣҵؿľСȾȥ
ȻСҲѾҵǰһҲʵʵˣ˺üؿڱһߵ۵Ҫؿء
ֻʬҲùȻڲͣĲľɲǿЦġ
һ棬ֻʬɾͱֵܲҶˣʬ˼׷Ҳ󣬺˼ڳְæء


145 Ϻ
ҲҰɣʬͱˣк˼ռҪĹͣһȥ⼸ʬƤ롣
λʬſԺҲҺͺ˼һۣ˿⼸һӲͷأû뵽Ҳ
Ҳͳ绰ֱӲ磬˵绰˵Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵ҲҪСĵ㣬ôܴ⡣
Һͺ˼ҲһʵҲ˵ϿʣҲóаǰƣ˭÷к
ܿ˾˵ǵĵϸԭֻǸĻ죬ǰ˺ȾƴƻؼҵʱͻȻͱһҧ˲ӣһʼΪǹأܿǾ˹ȥ
ѹʱȴһɽˣǸõĽʬȻǸʬǳȥѪԽԽãȻɽ֪ԼǽʬˣһʼҲȷܺ¡
ҿʼţ֤ʵԼȷ˺ܶ࣬һԼȷͨˣгˣһʼľҲ˸߰൱ʳһĸ߰
ԽԽʷԸ鶼ˡ
ֱǼǲ֪ԭ˿ֹǣ絽ԺҰ龭ȫ磬¶һϺ˵ģ̾˿˵Ҳǿˣ˵ǸɽʲôطǾͷǡ
һϺĵطǸһлɽĻɽɽڻɽأֻǴȥſҵʼҧ˵ֻʬ˸˵
翴ʬЦͷ˵Ǵˡ
ʬɱˣԲʹһУȻһܡ
Ҳ˵ֱľü£ȻóʬͷϣǾ͸Ӣ彩ʬӰһˡ
æ绰ɽӥ530ŷʬ壬׼ľֱȥյ
绰ԺǼ򵥵һ£øϽȥǸɽˣ϶ǵĶ֡
æһ⳵Ϻȥ
ϺѾˣҲҪһСʱĳ̣⳵ϺʱѾʮһˡ
Ӳǣһھûɶ˳ˣ³Ժ£òײҵһ׼ŵС
ǸϽ߹ȥǸϰ忴ʮңأæ˵磬£飿ɽô߰
ϰֵĿһۣ˵ϵȥɶİɣ
Ҳô㣬˵ҼһʶҲ죬ϺҲʲôͨؾ֮·Ҳûɶξ㣬ƽʱҲûɶص⡣
ģȥɽе¡̣ЦǺǵĵݹȥһϰҲû룬ƾ͵Ⱥû´ҹɽѰ̼ɵñɣָӵ˵Ǳ·һֱ߾͵ˡ
лˡҲͣǸϰָķߣ·µˮ·߳ԺҲԼ̫ߵĻɽ
ɽҲһٶ׸߰ɣ㰫Ҳ㲻ϸߣֵͲվɽš
Ǽʬ̫Сˣ̿ɽָԺ󻹹۲һɽ״
ɽָɽİɽһλÿ϶˵æǸɽȥ
ɽӶ࣬ϵҲȣķҡ
˺ܿ͵֮ǰָĵط⾹ȻһƬӲݴĵضΣ˶С
Сĵ㣬ɽ˵ǾС
ܿҵˣɽ⸽һʯģһбµģҳסڵӲݣ棬ĵģҲ֪ʲô
Ҵͷϡ˼˵ҧֵͲȥ
Һһۣ̾˿ҲһǴͷ󰡣Ҳûиõİ취ҪҺ̫˵㡣
ɽܰȥԺֵͲҿ£ɽͦʪģ»к̦ܶ޺
۲һ˵ɽӦò̫Сĵ㣬Ǽһָʲôطء
ɽףףΧд͹ƽʯ飬ˣ˼м䣬˻ǰߡ
˴ʮҾߵ˾ͷֵǣɽҿ˿Ȼûпʡ
Ѳ֪ˣˣüɻñ᣺Ҳ԰һʬζҺŨ񡣡
ͻȻеʯ͵һ̧ͷ棡
Ȼʱʾ͸֩һſɽʱǷˣҲ¶׺֮ɫҾ˹


146 
ɰһʱΧͦխģҼ⽩ʬ˹ҲûҲûʱȥ÷ľû취ȭʵʹ˹ȥ
ʵģҲͦҵģõģؿڵ·ҲȫˣԼĿԿؿڵ⣬ġ
ڿг˹ڿҲû㣬һȭϣ¿ƵĲң̵ģ͸һӲһȭȥ۵Ҷˡ
Ҵһ¾͸ûһͰ˵ڵأȻҵĲҧٶر죬֮ɫ
ȻԱߵλȻǳԸɷģұŪȻԹۣ˼þһʵϣʷɿײڶѨǽϡ
˼ľʵԴϣʱˣղһ˾ͺþһ˼һ¸ǰڵϣ鴤
ġżվղʰڵϵʱˤÿɲᣬҿڵϳ鴤Ҿͳ纰磬ȥľѾġ
šҲ£ֱŶ˳ȥȥˣҺͺ˼ʡ
ҿڵϳ鴤ʣȥһؿѾɱˣ֪ܳ˶˲
أƨ¡ʴʱȻ˵ˣ۾Һͺ˼Цһ£Ǽ֪˭ǸɱҵĻͲ³е𣿡
ܳǸа̵ôаûͷˡҳȥָһţ룬ǿа̻Ƕҵ
𡣡ͻȻ¶ʬҺһҿСҡҡͷʱҲһľתѰҲˡ
һɫҲǿˣɫĳ˵ɱҵĻǰһʹǸɷҲ͸ǣɱҺǺصģ
ܳ¡ҳȥ߼ţ˼ȴһסңü˵Ҳˣ㻹ɱ㣬һһ˰ˣ˵ǸȤĶ̵ʲôصַ֮ġ
ʸһЦ˵֪˰ɣ֪ܶ࣬ҲԸһ㣬Ҫүòˡ
ܳӰסҶȥһӣĽ˻ô񣬿˭˵ڵСҲֻһܻܲҲҪСүҵ飬֪
бɱҰʺΪǲɱһװʿأҾͻΪҲң
գʵңҰĲȫĶˣȻź˼ʣûʲôģһղ
л嶯ʿѹϣˣ˼Цһʣǰ̵ܻ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷŴʣٻػ
˵治֪ºأ˵һǸ߼Ķһ֪
ȥѲǰͼľһ£а̵Ļ֪
ʹǼɱ˵ǣֻܻغأһڹڣʵй⼸귢չ֮죬ܴһԭΪбİҵ֧֣Ȼ̸һЩԵ״һЩҵĻϢǸҡ
Բۣǻɺˣң˵Ŵҧгݵĺ𣬺˼վһ˫ֱǰ˵û㣬հ
侲ǳġɫɷףҲ֪ǱŵĻ̫ء
ˣɶ˵ɶʣ֧ǵĹĸҡ
ձεҲɾˡ
ձҽü˿ʲôһ˵û񶫣ҲǽձǱϵˣֻҪ̾ͿԽձ㷸ҲҪѺձУҲйһֱðû취ԭ򣬵ȻĻǾ㡣
ܳҡҡͷû취ǣ˹棬һ˵ԶǱ΢ġ
ǰйʲô˼ʣ˵ʵҪǵõ鱨ͻġ
ʿ˵ǰ̳ԱӦһˡ
ôࣿҺͺ˼ȵĿʣʵ˵ͷ˵аĲ࣬ǸҵľӢģ̽磬·ߵһҪĶǰ̵ĳԱҹ⻹УӢձǳԱ֮ǰ˵Ҫ̣ѣ


147 
ЩϢҲǵһ͸¶ɡʿЦһ£ҡҡͷΪ˱ԭҵİɡ
ϻ˵ϸ㡣˼ȵ
ʵ˵ͷ˵̽񶫣ĸţ̫߰˸а̵ͷͷ뵱ϣȻǻͨԱ
֮ǰ˵̲װᵹôЩˣȺΪץ˼аĵͼԱ𣿸֪ǰ̳Ա磬һʡгǵĳԱ
̽ģü򸻺عȵȣҪа̣˵ûܣѡ
Աô֣гԱȻԳԱץˣֻ취һݣ񶫵ʵǶǼͷͷһҲܵ

񶫻˵һѣЩҪˣ֮ǰ˵ЩѾܾˣ򸻺߹٣а̡
вΪѰ֮ɺһĽʬеõĲ·˵ֱӵΪԼ̰
˵Ժʲ΢ЦĿʣڿԷ˰ɣ˰ɡ
⡣ҡҡͷûҪء
ֵĿݺݵ˵Ϊûа취ɱǣҲҪᡣ
˵ɡҿҲŲˣǾⶴľͷһľӣѲܶʸȥ滹Ū˸ɲ
Ŵߵǰ˵ʣָҰʵѾˣڵ㲻һʬˣһ̣̫лҰ˵ҾŴĵĵ˰ŵȼˡ
ԽԽ󣬺ܿ͸סʬ壬ⶴѨСŨܣ˲û뿪СΪϣÿ⽩ʬܷġ
ͻȻһ˾վ𣺡ȫȥ
ͻȻƤѾյýڵſ죬³һѪͻȻѪȻһֻС񣬳Ŷȥ
סֻ񣡡˼ľҪֻ񣬿Ƕ̫ˣܼرֻͣŶվͷ˳ȥ
˸ұˣǵɡ˵仰ʲŲʵĵ˵ϣһȼգܿûϢ
˶û뿪Ѩһֱʱճ˻ҽҲϨˡ˿
ڿɲʱں档˼ȻҵļʣΪֻ𣿡
ţľѪǽʬ֮Ҫ³ѪЩôҲСʱӦþѪʲô˴Ϣñ˸ǱģСĵɡ˼˼˵
군ˡʱҲ¶ЦݣȻǲ֪֮ǰҺͺ˼˵飬ֻǸŪء
Ǹˣ֪˿϶ĵģǰʬ棬ץһѰɫĹǻңǳһŷǵ״ѹǻװ˽ȥ
뿪ɽһʱ䣬Ȼ賿һˣ˿ɽҰģߵʱ򶼾ƣˣҲ賿һˣÿһõſڣȥ䷿
õĴϵʱ򣬻һӿ۾˯ˡ
ѹʱѾǵڶˣȥ磬˼һľˣʰһ¶˷ںҵ˳վ˻ĳ;
Ȼ·Ҳ绰ɽرˣ˵ԲɣɽǱҲ˵ֻʬˣɽ˵ǿԲɡ
ԲۣǿɣƨѾɶ¶ûˣͻǸɫСȴһͷȻִ绰ʦ˵ߵ
˵̵ôӴʱʦȻû¶ȵǺƽ˵ôЩ߹ٶǱץסѱȼģԽԽѣЩ߹ĸǴ϶취ԼϴģҺܶûô򵥡
Ҳ˵ںձʦҲֻǵ˵¹ңȻձǺġ
ô£Ҷʡ
ʦ˵ǰȥһձȥұôձȺ鷳ë˾ľʦĸץˣҾȥҰȻϡͿձǵһʦҲСɽ¹ˣȻеӹϵˤģƨ£˭סôߵɽСձһֱҲ˳ۣսǰйˡ


148 ׹Ǻ
쳯йˣǰҲûӳϱԲۣհձе̫ʦҵɶǸʬʲô̫ˣԺЩ飬ˣСӸϽҵȻ취ȥſջϵˣ£˹˰
˵ʦڶ͹Ҷ˵绰ҿЦһ£ֲ˵ҵͱҵһҵȥء
ؼԺҲоۣһʱ䣬ȥ쾹ȻһҪϿεģǶû٣Ҫѧ㰮ǾУһģæܻѧУ
ûΣĿΣ͵͵ľͻѧУϿ
¿ԺС֣̩̣һᣬȺ쵰ſȥģоĲץ治˸ɵ¡
֪ΪʲôϻһЩ˵ѧץּһȫǳˣ˧ȥģ벻ץʲôط˧ҡҡͷͻȻ˺ˣܳϽȥ̫˧ˡ
˵һѼһ¥ܣҺֵĶһۣȥɶⰡƭǮƭ̫ͷˣζ˰ɡ
ʲôץٷ֮ʮǼٵģҳ磬С֣̩ʹ˸ɫ˵ߣȥզ¡
ĸȺߣһ¥ΧһȦˣʱʿŻۣһʮ꣬ڿ۱ʺúص㣬ֺݡ
һֵͣ壬͸ʱԺһһøһڽҶ±紵
Сת̫ҲУֹͷھǾζ˵ԺǸ˺Ǹ˾ȻͷȻžʦ˵
ԣϷġСֹһͻȻԱһϤĸ˵ӣͲ˰ɣ˵˼˲¶ء
һ¶಻ءЦһʣ⵽ô°ƭǮѧУ쵼ܹܣǼϷ
ǸһĶ˵ɱ˵סУ֪ܲеаš
£һԼȥץأԼֹ˶֪Ǹǵ˵ͷ˵
ԭϵ£¥ϵ620ĸһû£Ȼɣ˵˲ɾĶĸŵھء
ҵȼЦЦֻǱŵĻֻͲ̫жˣʵҸ㲻ΪʲôôϲɣѰ̼
ʵһ׵ٹʽ԰ѸĹٹϷʱҲرͣԼ
кܶ˵ϷûмȻ˵Ϸƭ˵ģ湧ϲλûˡ
ǰҲ˵ֺ֣ܶһ˵֮ͷߣͷԺȥظͶ̥ܶż뵽ľͷûǻĹֹûɶҲͻһ¡
֮ǰ˵֮ǰԹһǿҵ־ǾͻɻǣɹֹǶ֮ǰźǿҵԸһҪԻع⣬һҪԣҲҪԣ
ðɣ֮ǰҪԻع־رĻͻΪ־ǸǱ𣬱类ײݣܶ࣬ʣȻǱ
һ˵ֻṥԼǰĳ˵ģҲ⣬ˣ׻˵˲ˣϷ޹ٹһرòķʽԹֿ϶ṥġ
˵ǼһֻǱԺҲûɶĵģ⼸ʿϷһ棬ҾһͷۣУ쵼ˣ̵ţһһڵĴʦе˳ڣȻ˽ȥӷˮô
ǱȽת˵ܲܵôѧ˵ֹȥץһ£˵˭ñŻ
ʿȴҡͷ˵ˣסһֻ׺ݵĹѧᵽһطȻⶰ¥˵Ȼÿ֮ڱ˿ɽ⣬˿ơ
ǾȻվȺѧ󺰣ҲŲǷһĵʿλزܴڴݣȥʲôҲã͵һҲãһܾԼһ
ͷ˵øһԱǸСֹһҲе㷸ѣѲǴʦɣ
ʦ˵þһ㣬ʲô£˵иװҳʦ
׹Ǻƣɷ𡣡Ǹʿ˵ԺȻתߣͽҲ뿪ˡ


149 ׹
ͷԶüͷԱߵʣô죿
ҡҡͷ˵˺б£զ죬׾Ŵ绰ʣǼһһ仰϶ģ˵׾ס
šҲͬ˵Һߵһû˵ĵط绰׾ţһʦǱ߾ͽ˵绰Ұµĸʦ˵һ¡
ʦڵ绰Ĭ˺ܾãſ˵ȥ˶ȥȻ͵ųɡ
ô񣿡ɻʣʦЦһ˵ҲǱÿԣ׹û˵
ʦ˵׹Ǻƣɷʱһ仰׹Ǻƾǽİ׹һֹҲǹʱѾ֤ԲùݣҪΪ
ɷ٩˼˵ǵز˵ǾԸδĲɷԡʦ˵Ȼ֪ϼһﵽ˵ʲô仰˵ҪôҪ׹Ҫôǵز⡣
߼ܣӦþǸ׹Ҫˡ
ɻʣĻӦòΣհϾǷˣܲɱ˰ɡ
ʦЦǧ֣ɷȻҲһ׹ɱɱŰپʮŸ˲Żسɷ޵ɰ׹Ƿ𡣡
͸ùһȾһ𣬾͸ڵĳЩɲһԺζģٷһ
ʦһ˵Ҿ˵˵һֻջ¸Ĺ
֣𳶲ġʦ鿴һ˵ҲؽţԼСĵǣ˵ˣ׹ǰٹڶĹ֡
ʦ϶˵ٹǰֻȻ֣첻ģ԰̶ֻ϶ڱصá
е㲻˵Ѳɾôɵľץֻ
ôɣΪ׹˵İſϷɣǧ˵ԺʦͼĹҵ˵绰
翴ҹҶ˵绰ʣ׾Ǽһ˵ô죿
ǿϷʼ˵
ܿ͹ȥˣǸϵʿſ˵Ļ͸ǰһܿʹѧУ
ⶰҵҲؾᣬΪǸϼһ˵ˣͦµģоϼһ˵ĸһһأ
ԵҪûĻ϶Ǻܶߵģˡ
У˵ҪƷ⽨ƣѧҪſѧŵаѧϲޡ
ȻǲޣǾͲޣǺûô
УѹǸƣؼȺԵļһѧУҲֹһᡣ
ԺſڼٺΧţȻǴȺܣһȺԵүſڣ˭һȥѡ
˭һȥǾǱʾԼ¹ôȻһȺүǳЦ
¥˶ںӺĸҪһЩԭоʲôĶν˺üԵǣȺԭͻȻһ¾ˮˣͷ
ҺҲǷŲӣЩһҪй֣ҺôҲܶһ¡
Ȼʦ˵Ŀ϶ǲƭǵģֻ϶ͣѾоԾˡ
ΪǽѾһЩġӰӡˣ磬С֣̩ǿģЩӰԲǵġ
Ҳûж⣬ֻǻȥģճһҲԽԽţоԽԽˡ
й
ͻȻиǿҾͽˣµľȾܵᡣ
ܵһʱİһˣǸ˽ƽʱһ棬ǽϣָǽڻ˳ۿȥȻҲӰӡ
ܿ죬ҲܹˣԱ˾Ϳ񺰣йģġ˵ᶼˣ˵ǲԼܣԼɡ˵¥¿ȥ
ҿıӰкҲȥˣͻȻ¥´ˣ
ܳҰһľܣ¥ܵ¥¥¥ݵʱ򣬿ղܵǸ˫۷Űۡ
ʱԱҲΧһȺѧˣԱһ˵˰ɣղſСܵʱŽˣȻˤˡ
ʱͬѧҲڼȣҲ·ߵ̵˶ҹܵļһѧ̾ѧ򵥵ļȣ¥ͷô¶¼ء
ͬѧüվһҡͷ˵УѾֹͣˡ


150 սǰϦ
һϢΧˣܿУ쵼ͳˣɢǣ˵һ⣬Ǹ쵼˵ǸʿԻڣƭͬѧ½ʧһҪԷ;
У˵һѹƻĵĻ޷ǲʲôģ⣬ѧҲǶƣ˭ôɵ¡
ܶǮѧֱⷿסˣⷿӵģľȥ˯ɡ
ֻúѧϰѧĲûߣǼҲյһңоǿŵͷҪ￴š
С֣̩ǰᵽҼȥסȻҿɲ˯˼ݣȻ˼ɱҡ
Ӵ̣˯ɳҲʵỷöˡ
ҪһѧУ쵼϶ͬôѧģᣬβһҪͨ˻˵֮ǰǸʿ˵ô໰ƽʱѧ·Ǹᶼ·ߵġ
סǸļǸǱΪʿ
Ǽ˭ҲɺϣҺº͵͵ȥ¼ۿ¿񱼵ʱͻȻƾճһֻںĽţȻġ
ʱҺ米ˣѾģǰҲûɱˣһοôɾɱˡ
ĵ磬ҲպҺڿŻ˵ܲǼɡ
϶УڲǾȫװŸɲһֻȥ绢ȥ취ѧУֵǸͷ˵ҲоС
绢ҾȥһӼ˸߽绢绢ڻأȻʲôץķ϶ƭǮ⡣
ôҡ绢ŤͷһۣںļȰѸҲʵĹǻҵݸǻ÷ǡ
ɶ⣿Уͦÿġ绢ӹ׼һء
ʵĹǻҡҵ˵
û뵽˵Ժ绢Ȼסˣͷ˿ķ˿Ȼ˳ȻһЦ˵ƶͷбıӦ
˵ʵĹǻСĵķŽ˶ҿ绢ڻʱҲ֪ôæ
ϾŪܣ˶໵£ʼĵܰ绢ԥ񣬶ʱ֪£ЦЦ˵Ҳ㡣
æҿ˵ѧУֹˣҴ򲻹æġ
绢⣬ëʣŤͷʣʲô
׹
绢˫۲۾ɳ˵Сܸôǿǰ׹
֪ϡͿǾֹˣҶûءҡҡͷƷɣգûͣ졣
绢°Цһ˵ˣʦ֪°ɣ
šҵ˵ͷ
׹ǰ̱ص֮׹벻գ񶫳ʦͻ֣ˣûɶ£Ϸͳɡ绢¶΢ɵģ
绢ĻʱҲˣ˿ʦд㰡ҲǺ飬ҲԼһֱûͨɡ
Ҫһӡ绢ЦеԱָ˵Ǹӡ
ɶһ¡
ҲǱȻʦĿģǰ׹˵̫ҪˣǱص֮׳֣׹ʵ̫ǿͰ׹ƣߣһžͻ֮ˡ
㣬ԣӦҪ취ܵİ׹ôҲҪȳ֡绢˵ԺһɫĴ£糾͵˵ߣ㿴ȥ
šҵ˵ͷȻʹ绢Ҽң绢ǵһŶɳԼ򿪵ӿСֺ̩ǳȥˣ˼أ粻֪ȥʲôطǸͷˡ
߻Լ䣬óʰʱͻȻͿװǸ壬ͻȻ뵱ǱɱİѾɱʣѾˣ
æ⿪ӣų룬Ժҿ˿˵СԸ磬ôþöûҳ͸˰涼ˡ˵ڴϺܵģ
Ǹ룬ҸһϢǧ𼤶ҿһ£˵
ʣɶأ
ǸɶǰһСľͰʸԭһ˵أ뵽绢棬һ಻ãһСľͰ㱨ˡ
벢ûгֺܾȵģǵ˵ͷŶһѣҶʱʣС룬Ұ㱨ˣ㻹𣿡


151 
û뵽뾹ȻһĿʣôͱˣôеԹͻʧȻȥͶ̥˰ʲôֵø˵ģͶ̥ʲôģ
Ͷ̥˵Ͷ̥ʲôǺܺôԴ벻Ͷ̥ĺô۾ʣʸô
ߡҡҡͷҲǱȻʮ꣬Ѿʮˣú˰
ŤͷգŶĿ˵ȻûãҲͶ̥Ժڼǵõʲô֪ˣ˼㣬СԸ磬Ӹ綼ǵġ
ҿӣҡҡͷû˵ʲôԶԣԶǰĿģǿҵûǲᶮġ
Ǵײµظ㰺
Ҿ˵룬ϻ£Ӻúɡҡҡͷϱķһ˴ɡ
ϱҾ߳˷䣬ճȥͿҲˣҺһۣʣҵǸͷ𣿡
ûСҡҡͷãã˺ôһˡ
绢վ˸˵İɣǸʿȻˣϵʱ϶ͻֵģߣȥԵ㷹Ȼȥǵ㶫ȥѧУ׼ɡ
ѧУСݳ˵㷹ˣȻȥ绢һͰڹѪһɰлƷȡһһЩѧУȥ˿ʱ䣬ˣҲ΢
˸ѧУߵʱͻȻѧѧУߡ
ȺҿȺһĸǣһʣŵ֪ѧУ֪ͨѧѧУҵطסһ
˸ѧУˡ绢̿Щѧ뿪
šҵ˵ͷû˵绰˼ͻȻ϶ΣգͨԺҾ͸˼˵㣬Ѿˣڼ룬ָʲôʱͶ̥ˡ
š˼˵͹˵绰
ң绢˾߽ᣬǵķ䡣
ʱᣬѧУѾûˡ
ˣˣ绢Ű֧ëʳ˵ǽڻаȥȻ
ҾëڰɫǽúڹѪɰ˷һúһӲܻһţ⻹ֻǻӶѣڻֽϻĻҪӺܶˡ
һֱöˣһʱ䣬ʮˣû뵽һʱ͹ȥˡ
һԼսҼǰǽڶкܶȻ㲻ܼҲˣ߳һ
ȥķ䣬ССϺ滹Уʱ绢˫ſƼŰ֧ëǽϻأֲùЧôߡ
Ȼ˷ҳȥʱ绢ҲˣҲͷǺ
߻͹óһƴСӡ
СӿӨ͸ģͦƯģҺʣ壬ɶ⣿
ٺ١绢Цһ£Ȼָͷָ龵
ԺͻȻȵ͸Ƶһ
ǵ绢˵ΪȫץģĶأӣ龵ӣϽӣǸϽϢһ¡
ҵ˵ͷֶģȻһ취ҲУ磬ղһʱԱྐྵء
±۾ͼȻϢ仹עΧҪһҿϷӦ
ԲۣͻȻ󺰡
һӾҿ£ǿ龵ӷأ绢ҲˣǸȥ˸Ķ
ȻߵҺ绢ԱߣСݸһҲüͷ
ʱǽﾹȻ߳ܶ࡮Ӱӡںģʱεء
ҿЩڷϲȥģɻʣ壬㻭ûð
绢˫ĿžӣûңС˵Ȼ֪ˡ
ްӷްӷްӷ𣡡
ͻȻҶ߾ͻص仰һʮСһоԴγġ
뷣
ͻȻҶߴ绢ܴ󣬶ҶĤˣŶԱߵ绢˵С㡣
ԾһôǸˣ绢ԱߺҺ磬ΧһѵġӰӡҲҺһۣ绢ʣô£
̫ǳǡ绢Ͻ˵ȣ۾а۶ľ
˵ˣҺҲϽ绢СŻعĻʲô۶ľ־ҵǻᡣ


152 ҵޣ
ҿ绢˶۵Уǽһû취ҽɣ֮Աƣϴ͵
ܳ־Ҳᰡҿ˿ȺںӰѾ˹ͦģҡҡͷԵģ˭˭
ʱҵľҲûϣƸղűԺ˳ľأһҧֵָæϻһķ˳ֻӰӡ˹ȥ
ӰӡĶͷһӰӾȻɢȻʧ棬ԱһֻӰӹˣֺ̧䡣
ЩӰӡ磬һһԴԴһ㣬̫ˣΧܿͻˡӰӡҪôҧңҪôץҡ
ʱ绢ҲʧΧǱӰӡסˡ
ʱΧӰ˺ҧңͦ۵ģǾȻҧҵƤֻǺۣΣʱҲ˫סӢȻ˵ϣҧҡ
ָоͦܵģ֪˶ãͻȻʹȻʧˣһУһ绢˻أһҲ̫ˡ
ιιιˣˡҳ˵
绢ۣûҾȻ쳣ȣ˫ۿʣ㣬û£
û°ǱǼֻҧڰˡҡҡͷ绢ȵ˵ղЩǵ֮µĶ׹ǿԳûһˣֻſԵֵҧһڣ꣬ôû£
Ҳꣿ㣬ղűҧ˲ֻһٿڰɣȥѲҿԻٶꣿ
Ӧû²Ŷԣǲʲô绢ʣ룬ͳǿЯķ飬ʣΨһĽ;ŷҰɣϴڻ·ҲȹһΡ
绢ü˵ⲻʲô飬Ƿ԰׹ûãȻҲڸղֱӾͱԻǣղ㱻ҧô£ΨһĽҲֻˡ
ҿӣҲ˲٣ɲôԼи鷴ȥ
̫ˣ׹ڶûȻ᲻һʲôⶰ¥棬СΪá˵绢ת߽ҡ
Ҳ˵ܳˣ֪ӣʱҲ׾Ҫŵġ
Ժæľ绢۾ʱ˵ڲʮһһʮİɣ׹϶Ҫڼ֮ʱҲʮʱ򡣡
ΪĹҲҪأƲʣֲ쵼ţų
գ׹ɶƫŵģרʮ˲Уɵزѹǣ˵Ҳ֣׹Ѿһǧûн˲ŶԣѲɵزʲôô绢üҡͷ
Ҳôһ˥ࡣҿ绢ʡ
绢ҡҡͷ˼һᣬ˵㲻ʮȺûɶãʮ˲֮µ֮ǰǵزѹЩһѹǧ꣬˼ôá
׹ôͻȻͽˣ׹ʮ˲ǰֻͻȻز֪ܲ绢Խ˵üͷԽ
˼ǣҿ绢²ʣزˣظȺʧˣ
š绢˵ͷȻվ˵УϽ飬Ȼʦһȥһˣô¡
˵ͻȻӾһ¡
ô£
绢֮ǰóǸһʱһֱǣһֻͷȻ档
ֻϢﻹŶĵĿˮֻͷڣ͸˵еȮһ
ǵظҵޣ⣡Ӵ绰׾ȣӸҳȥʰѾʧˣû뵽Ȼôأ
ҵ˵ͷľͷ䣬߿ž˳ȥ
𣡡ҸճȥָŴ󹷹ͳҿһֻҵ޸ףףҸճžͳ˹
ֻҵ޵ƺͣæһ㿪һ£绢Ҳˣ˫ݣ뷣
绢֮꣬ǰǽϻЩ侹Ȼ˵ɫĹâȻͷɳ䣬ֻҵ޺˹ȥ
һֻҵޱһ£漴ײеĿ绢˹ȥ
֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣аֻҵ޵Ĳȥ
䣡
ֻҵ޵ƤҲ̫˰ɣаȥֻǺһ£ȻצӳҾץ˹


153 ׹
Ϊҵ޵צǳﹷ޺ģʵֻҵ޵צźâһ֪֮ҪǸϣҶˡ
绢ʱϵ绢࣬ȭͷһȭֻҵмֻͷ­ϣֻҵ޻Ļһ
ҲæľȻҵǸԴ۾ȥֻҵ̿ͦ͵ģû㡣
ľϹԴۣԴֻ۾Ϲһûһǰŭˡ
𣡡ҵ޳һҧ˹ʱҾ̫绢ںһԴأңұԴһҧסˡ
һֻ׸ߣſѪ˰ңֻҵҧסԺͻȻҵ¶˾ֵģ³ҡ
ұˤ˵ϣƨɣֻҵޣʱֻҵ޿ҾȻȻͷܵҲһɫĴţ˽ȥ
ҧվ׼׷أ绢ס˵׷ˣصظˡ
ҵɶⰡôؿڣղֻҵҧؿڣȻֻǸҧҾͰ³ˣ˺˺ܳһӣѪһ
绢Цһ˵ⲻҵ޵һֱ̣ҵ޺ֲܿġ
ֵΪʲôղһҧ¶Ǹģ绢Ŀʣʼ򣺡ô֪ѲΪұȽ˧
߻ᣬ߹ʣû°ɣղֻ̫ˣҲҪŪëֻܴʮᡣ
ȥ׽¡ҡҡͷؿҲ𽥵ҵͷһ˿ڵѪȻǺɫģ绢Ҳû˵ɶץһɰؿڵ˿ںȥһŪɰؿڴһʹ
ˣúϢɡ
Ҳ˼ֻǺģ㲻ϣʱһһ賿
ʮһʮʱͻȻҵֻҲһȻǺ˼ҽ˵绰ʣ㣬ɶ£
뱻ץˡ绰ĺ˼һ
һһ£ʣ˭ɵģ̣
š˼̾˿˵Ҳãû
û£úϢһġ˵͹Ҷ˵绰ľͷ׼ߣ绢һסˣ绢ȵʲôȥ
˦绢֣绢˵뱻̵ץˣҵȥ
绢ǰſ˵ȥ
ɶֲԸ׹һ࣬һٰɣ뱻̴Ͷ̥ˣÿ˵žҪƿ绢û뵽绢ܴ
绢侲˵ұ֤߳ͻᱻץڰеľ׹أ㼱ʲôѲɻˣ
绢ĻҲȷ˵ͷʣڸô죿
ŰɣȻúöԸ׹绢ȥȴǵȲˣֻϵʱ䣬ʮ壬ʮʮߣʮˣʮš
һˣʱһһţһ
ֻʱ23:59:59ʱͻȻӸҵĲ͸һ
ްӷ𣡡
ͻȻһ
׹ˣ绢üʣô죿
ģȻ׹֮ΪҪɱŰپʮ˷֤ڸս϶ҪɱʵһĿеǡ绢ž˵Сĵ㡣
˶ССĵĹ۲
ͻȻʹ˿Ц
ǧˣڻ˼䣬Լնˣ
æתһʱһŽɫĵĽɫþȻǺ¡
ɫûɢɫ͹âе֮ǰȴǹɽţ֪뱻׽֮ı궼ʧһգȡ֮һ
ްӷλʩ񡣡׹ǾȻ˫ֺʮĿǼˡ
˶һۣȻ֪ǰ׹Σգ˺򶷵顣
ʲô绢۾׹ʡ
ɫĹͷͦɣģ˽ຣ֤ᣬ˼䣬ҴˣǼ֡
Ѳ鱨Ǹõģҿ׹͵ϢôҲɱħͷ벻
û뵽绢ܵҺʹҺдȣѣ
绢꣬Դһ㱣عһӾȻɷ֮ǰǸ͵Ҳʧȡ֮ǺһãûҲǱ֮
绢𣺡ոսԪδָϽɱ


154 
˵ģȻ绢Ҫɱ绢Ҳûһġ
绢˵ž˫ݣ뷡
ͻȻǽϻǼʮаҫ˹âʮâ׹ȥ
׹ûʲô˫ֺʮްӷ𣡡
Ǽʮâڸյ򵽰׹ʱͻȻʧˡ
绢һԼĹ԰׹ûãסҺ־ƿţܵϡ
绢Ժ󿪿˵ϣֻҪסֻ׹Ȱ̵̲ס˾ͺˡ
绢ղŵĹǰ׹ɶûЧҾ˵ôϰղǼʮȥƨûС
˭˵ģ绢Цһ£˵̫ˣĺͣղŻ᲻ֱɱǣڸոմӵظӳҲǾƣˡ
еҵ˵ͷľСĵĿţʱֻ׹Ȼ
Ҳɶ⣿ͻȻһԵһ˳˵ķȥ
ʱȵһͷȻ˽⣬һɢСһ˹˽նˣλʩɱ簲˵һΣ
üͷСʣ˭
ǰ׹绢üͷСкȵǲΪУҪЩҲܣҪǶһ֣ǾͿ϶ͬ⣡
Спʮ߰꣬һõģǺܿʣһЦʣʲôǺˣʲôǶأ
СʣʲôǶʲôƣΪбǶ񣬵УֺγǶ񣿡
˳⣬⣬˾Ƕ񣬻ʳˣɱˣǶ񡣡СЦһ£УҲа׹ǲǱ˸ҵĳƺˣƶɮᡣ
ƶɮλһƶĹ¡

ᡣ
ǳµһɮᣬǸ¶Сʱʦſڼ񵽣ȻԶͬˣС㱻
ûĻʮΪ֣ȻΪ飬ȴ
һֻβΪ磬Сɽг󣬺үүһ
һһֻСɽˣȻǺûм࣬Īĺ档
ᴩƾɵɽ·ߣǰʱɽϴֵĴţʦһǡ
ɽ㣬ɫѹֻ֡Ŷͷϵĺգɽϵľɫ̾

ͻȻһŮĽкǰ˲;ɫǰȥ²ѵʩˣ
ܵһȻһʮ߰ŮŮһɫۣˣϽȥѯʣһʲŵ֪ԭŮһҵŮӣСɽ·
Сʦ㱳ɽɡĿ࡯Ĺ
ʩ֪ɽüΧ˵ô
𣿡ﰵϲͺܶ󲮴̻кö඼ء
ͻȻ˴ȵСġ
ͷһȻԼʦʦһɫģóħ˹ųħȾһȥ
ỹûعʱͻȻΧֻʦܿͺȺ
ϽߣΣա˵Се־ܵˡ
ˣղǸϺп϶ܵɽԺʣСʲô֣
ҲܵԼ˵ҽᣬ˵ղʦôͻȻأԭһȺ꾫УҵûȥʦԼСĵ㡣
ûû£ҵǲɱʦġЦ˵ȴæ˺һͳһվŮʣҲǺ
Ŵ۾ᵥʣǰôˣ
ԭŽվȥⱾվǳµܱˣֻҪСԴϣ϶ˡ
һӣỹ̾˿вҵûȥʦԺҪ㣬һƹ㡣˵תɽߡ
ȴȤĸ󣬶вʣˣҽŶ
᲻Ҳıĸ˵ǲֽ֬ĶԱƯ
ǲǶرװʦ׵ġ
ԲⰡرϲء
ǲǾɱأأʵͦģι˵ҪҳҳԷ¥ǲǺܺ棬ȥ¡


155 
ƢѵҲСʵ˵ҡͷ˵ǺвףǺв⣬Ǻв¥Ǻв̵ģ˵ˣȻȻɱ㡣
ʲôĹͷ𣿡翴СУʣôĶΪʲôжأ
ɮˣΪն˶ڣݺ쳾ôն
նɱ˸ɶ˵ҪȥأȻһֻ֣һ˺ܶ꣬û¹ɽԶɱ档
ᱻʵ˵ץץԴе㲻˼Ц£˵ʵҲ֪ʦ˵ġ
ʦǸɷĴ𣿡롣
˵ͷҡҡͷʦ׵ģʵ˺ܺõġ
һһɽߣܿ͵˷ֱʱᵽɽʣסģʱ¡
УĻģ´μҲնħҡҡͷ磬תȥ룬ǻͷ˵ڳǳ£Ļ˵ˡ
ȥԺʦͻˣʦʣСȥˣ
Щ飬˵Ӽӵ׷ȥնħά
ʦĻĵ˵ͷԼĵӣСͱ˳˲Ҳû˵ѣȻûлɡ
صԼԺӣסĵطһС¥Ͼδ֡
ȥԺ¾Ϣ˯ҹͻȻһŮӿ޿ǳ£ôŮأ
ᾪ֮һȻ磬ʱſԼԱʹأʣ磬ôˣ
ᣬҵд󲮴̣ǣȫˣʹ˵
ˡһ㶣˲ᣬۺĳ˵Ǹ׵ĴиɵģҪ𡣡
Ͻ뿪Ҫʦ㣬ˡҲ֪ô죬磬ҪȥôҲߡ
ῴҲˣҪȥ϶ᱻǷִֻаԼ档
ȥҲ˸ĸϢҾס
ÿæһ󣬰ҹͻ죬һһĹȥûҲûʵѾŨ
һΣȥˣҲһʲôСɮ᳤ˣҲһҲ˺ܶ࣬磬ϲ
û˵Ҳ֪Ժô죬ڣֽǰסġ
ƽһ죬һ⣬ܻؼң˵ĳ˵磬ҸԵˡ
ᣬʲôԵģͻȻﾹȻʦ󾪣Žȥ
ʦͰ˸ʦֵܾȻڣʦŭĳ˵ᣬ֪֪ЩʲôһŮһԺҪǳµֵģҪȥ֪Ӱ𣿡
ʦǸ֣ҲڿˣҲǰʲôСˣʦһ֣ϲк֣Ի㣬㶮ֻҪԻ㣬Ժ൱ڿ˳£󳤰ֻ̣Ҫʧˣᡣ
˵ʦһڵ뿪ҡ

˵𣿳µĴڳֳϽȥ˵ǸƯŮء
ǳʱʱѾɽ˺ˡ
ֵмǴһ߸ߵ̨ϴ𣬶㱻̧ϵһľϣȺЩãѰӰ
ڣʽʼˡ
ᴩһɫģһɮ˵ӵ˳
գڴ˳ԺʽΪҳµ֣ҷ𷨡ޱĿʦڸ̨˳ƪۣҪǰһμǣڣһֶȥ
ʼʦ˵ԺʹӸ̨
Աһ˵һѸᣬʾȥޱ˹ȥȴûߵĵط˸̨⿪˰ӡ
ʦһĶȻŭᣬڸʲô
ʦҪףޱĿʦٿ˿Աߵ磬ᶨ˵𣬲ҪˣҲҪնɣ֣Ҳȫǻġ
ʦѾ챻˹ȥԱ߼Ҳ𣺡ڸʲôʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣҪס
һԱߵᣬϲʦᣬԼôŬȻһ񣬴𣺡˸


156 ֮
һӣ˭Ҳ磡һҪɱ磬㵲ǰʦԼһֱĵΪһ֣ϧԼѣźĿ˵Ϊǰһжˡ
Цʣǰʲô
ҵһжʦŵģұΪʲôУʦǴСҳ˲ϲ磬ʵѵҪѣǸ֣Ҳûѡ
ﲻˣܴ˵ƣû߿࣬ˣҲû˷ֻ磬Ҹ˵ʱҸˣƣ߿࣬ϲһʲô⣿
֮飬ΪʲôоҪʵαװԼαװԼĿ֣αװԼģԼαװһȫûеĿܣ˵ҪնˣԼûô£ƾʲôȥˣ
˵ҪնɱˣǸӦûԼøڡ
ôˣҺۣʦ
һԼȫ˵˳
ʦĻҡҡͷ˫ֺʮ˵˾䣺ӷԹȻԶˣҪԸ⣬ֻŮѺŮһеһɡ
ҡҡͷԼʦ˵㻹ǲף㾭˵ĲԼˣ˿ɴý
˵ƽȣײһŽĶӣųնĶӺͱͻɱ˶Էȫңȴʽеƽ𣿡
նˣΨһķɱǣɱЩĿˣļһΨһܾЩѵǣҲΨһ繫ƽķ
ŻѿȺȻôҾ͸㿴ն˵ķһ֤ǿġ
ʱųԱߵС˵磬Բˡ
㡣ҡͷһӣÿģһһԺ˳
ɾҡһЦ޾Ⱥ𣺡ǰҺһµµΪеСɾͣΪԼ˾춯ص£ȸϣΪԼնǰңڵǣƨ磡
磬ԲһȥɣȻ֤İɣ˵Ժ󣬰ѻѶԼĽ£µľ˲ȼһˡ
Ҳ羲ӵһⳡȥ

ȥĵϾͳڵӣȺαɮˣʮ˿ˣһҸˡǰ΢Ц˵Ȼαˣһһȥ
ҴֻɱˣȴΪħʿɮҪɱңάһƵȴںΪֻɱˡ
̾ɱأزȻظѺ
ĹԺ𾪵ģԭΪǸɱ˲գ۵Ĵħû뵽ȻĹ¡
ҲɱĶǴ״֮ͽǳʮ˿ˣѵûһˣ绢۾ɵ
὾̧ͷԣûһˣ˶թΪһӬͷСȥˣ˷ϵݰˣȥá
Ĵָ˵ӣ˶ı׼еƫˣҪ׼ȥɱ˵Ļ쳯̱״̬
ˣ磬ǿǵˡһ£СĿᣬ˵Ǹ¿϶ţƣϾʱǾ׶
ʱĳ־൱ڵ찲Ź㳡ǰĽֱֵӴ̨棬öĹϵаʦ϶һɮ𷨸˵ˣôһٶˣȻǰһϸˣֲܲ
ǿɲǵˡһЦָҺ˵Ǻˡ
ָ绢˵вϰҵĿ꣬ÿҲ˼޹
ȥһϴֲвҵ绢ǰ绢ҲһЦ˵һȺɱ˲գ۵׼ץأ㲻ȥԸǣԸʲô£
һްӷʩýƱˣǼ֣ȥҴڰɡ
˵꣬ͻȻȻһֻģɷ۳ɵһֱצӣ绢ץȥ
绢һҲǴһݣ뷡
ŪЩҲǵģҲ֮ǰĳңǽϵķ䶼⣬ǧữֻɷצӺȥҪɢһ


157 ֮
ľ͸绢˵մӵظӳʵûлָֻ绢ûô
Щžͽķ侹Ȼסֻɫɷ۳ɵצӣʣµķ˲ƿצӣϾȥ
ῴЩԼҲ治ɫûʲôһ
Щǰһ׵ĵطͣˣȫʧˡ
ܶ˵ȥȣٺ˷ʱˡͻȻüͷоʲôһ˫ҵ𣡡
˲ȼ˳Ļ棬Χ¶˲ҵʱ͸оԼһ¯һ
绢ɫԱ
Һ籾绢ܽͿ䵽ϣ绢漴뷣
ԭڵֵֻɷצӵĽɫ˲ɻصԱߣȻһһ档
˼һΧȵòУҲ¶ͷĺˮ˵а¶ӸߣҪ˶þ͵ðǿ졣
ŤͷһѾˣҵҲڷ̣ҲɣǱ绢ģԿɶ
֣¶ôͻȻˡͻȻͳʣоû
ǵġҵ˵ͷԵĸоΧ˺ܶࡣ
绢Ҳ˵ˣ̾˿˵׾ųˣ̫͹׹ʵˡ
˵ԺΧǵĽɫҲɢˣΧһϵЩҵҲѾʧˡ
ǰɣ
˺мһӰ˴һɫĵۣ󻹱һѺɫͦϵģ滹źܶ໨ƣȻҲǿŵģЩǸɶ⣬ƾֱҲܸоѽ϶Ǹ⡣
˾ʦ׾ţʱʦǱǵģҲϱɶ
һˣްӷ𡣡۾ʦʩຣģͷǰǡ
ʦЦһ˵ҵҪ˭ͷǰ
ˣͻȻԱߵ绢Һ־ܡ
˸ܳʮ׵ʱͻȻʹʦһȡ

ǻͷһʦĵѾѲȫǷļ⣬ɢһɿֲġʦΧ׵ĵҲѺۡ
Ҳһ˰ġ˿ĭû˵ʲôİ
绢ЦЦ˵ɲǵ׾űԴġ֮
绢˵꣬ʦѾ빪ˣҲסϵǰѡһţٶȼĳȥ־һ
һʼޱ飬ʦ֮¶˾ȵɫҲֻǾȶѣʦ嵽ҲһѾӨ͸İɫǽ
ѽײһ𣬿˲䣬ǰѰɫǽ͸һʦǰѡѣٶȲĳῳȥҲǴ󾪣һˡ
üʱˣȻǰһ£ʦһǻӢСϣһѪۡ
ûзӦʱ䣬ʦѾסĲӣȻԱߵǽһײǽϣˤ˵ϡ
ʦѸٵһ̤ؿϣʦûЩӾķһƷԺ˵һѵķϻʦֱܹýŴȥ
˵ģʦһĹ̫˧ˣ˧Ҳʦʵ˸µʶ
Ҫ֮ǰûύ֣֪֮ǰɵľͲɵҪʦǵĻ˵ǻͱɵˡ
ʦһԾѹƵֶˡ
ʦһûҪͷһ׵ĵطͣɻôµʱҶ߾ʹһ˻Ƶ𶯡
һղſʦս̫ˣڸûעΧһң磬绢Ա߾ȻվһӣӾ񶫡
񶫴ʱһѺǹҵԴЦеĳʦ˵׾ţþòϴһ˰ɣ
ʦЦЦɿؿϵĽţɵĴӰͳһ̣ȼһڿǽʣǰӦģðˣô槼ķңҾͰ׹㡣
ϼһЦе˵槼ϵұƣҰͽܷˣǰ׹ô
ʦԴʣΪߵˣ
ǾԿҲʼν˵


158 ͯ
ιιλֲǻƷҵ׹ô
Գ˵һʱԼ»˵Ҫһǹһ߻Ҳ͹ô
û˵ķݡֱңʦ˵׾ţ׹ս«棬ҾͷͽܣӦĻҾͽܾ͵ſˡ
ҿԱֻҵ磬Ҿͳ˵ʵҲżʦûţԱǸʸ񣬸ʦ߰ˣҲʰȻİ
ƲһۣԵģ˵Ȼʦֵʡ
õõãͷûȨҡҡͷﻹе׵ģһҵʽŰ׹ģҲǸԼһȫϣԲ򲻵ѣ϶ǲɱҵġ
óһĺ«ƴС滹һЩ䣬Ҳ׸ʦ
ʦӹ«Ա߻ڵװİ׹Ц˵«ƹ̲ɰɣﻹˡ˵ʦͰѺ«ŽԼİ
ҲʦͽܵСЦҼˣȥܲôϾԱһҵ̫Ѩأھһһǹ߻ˣŭıȻ統ȥˡ
ҲԱû˵Ȼ񶫺ܽʲôһǹŪҡ
˼˵û̸Ҳ
ʦҡҡͷ˵˵ɣ槼ô˱˵һ׹ٹһĹҶ취㵽
ʦ˵һ£ڿһ˵ģ治֪Ūôɶ
ȴҡͷ˲󼺣û˱ĶָԵ޹ʵˣǲģ԰ɡ
˵֮以мɵǲֵܽģȻһģ
ģʦ۾һ񶫺뿴Ҫʲô
Ͷг»Եͽܺҵֻͯ˭˵žʹóһڵСƿӣСƿӾ͸ùصƿӴС࣬滹һŻɫС
ʦ񶫵ĻЦһ£ôȥͽܺͰٹڶʮߵĹͯӸɼܣ㲻ֱȥǸʹ죿
ҪͽӮҾͰô槼ķ㣬ͽ˾Ͱֻ׹ҡ񶫵Ļ䣬ʦҲû˵ɽ
Բۣʦⲻǿͽôҿʦһ˷ܵģ֮ǰ˵ϾôһԽ槼䣬øʲôһ
ʦͬͰƿˣȻһ磬ǹڵ̫Ѩϡ
ҲͷæܵʦԱߡ
ܵʦԱ߾СʣôʦҺ͹ͯӸɼܣ֮ǰʦǿͯӿ϶ٹŵڶʮߣܴ
ʦȴһЦǰѡݸң˵ҵӽ⻹򲻹ֻɷͱ˵ͽˡ
ҽӹϾ͸оһɱĸо⽣سһûӽڵϣҳѽʮ
ȥôأҡҡ֮ǰʦѽɵӣҡҡͷѲ̫С
ʼɣ񶫴һǸСƿķ˺Ȼмտĵطȥ
˲䣬Χԭҹľͦģ¶ˢˢֵʮȣҴû࣬һǰѳصӽСƿһ»˳
ҿͯӣ۾ûɳԲۣ⣬ͯӾȻһʮ꣬ɫɷף۾ͫҲûУȫǰɫʣֲܿϱ鲼ɫѪܡ
ЩǴҪֲĹҲҪֻСúǸһҦǸܵһģһ
ͻȻǸӿҵʱҴӦֻŮһ𣬵мãȻʱڣԵĴڡ
̾˿ҡҡͷֻͯӣû뵽ҦĵܾܵȻӡ
ԺʦӽɫĹâ
̧̫ӽ˹ȥֻͯӸ¸¸µЦ͸СЦûЦص档
ʦҲں溰ͽܣСĵ㣬ͻȻˣѽֻҲõóԼء
⣿Ҷһ£ͷʦӣԭղƭϵȥ


159 
ҴҲʦʦһֱҿԽ槼ʦĸķһҲҰˡ
⣬ﻹֵģȥٲҲøҵʲôüһֻͯӴɣ͸ҰƽȻͣòӽ
ҲԹʱֻͯӸ¸¹ֽеľͳƵ˹ܿ͵ǰ׵ĵطͦˣӽҲܷܲӳС
ȻӦҪҦ챨ǿ϶ҪģյϢҦܵܽѰɡ
һȥʱСҲûжܣֳӽץȥȥΪʯͷô
֮ǰʦޱȣɾͿϰ׹ǰѹǽӽȻֻСץסˣ˲䣬СҪаѽȥ

ʦĺһֻСҲһף̧ڶὣ̧ȾͳСJJȥȻֶеģá
ҵɲСһžͰСſԶҲͳаСͶ˹ȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
аСϵʱһСڵϻӽȥʹ𣺡
ȻСžȻСڵϲѣؼʱ̺ǻعˣԱһ㿪һ
¸¸¡
ͻȻԴĪһ£ͷһֻС֪ôʱѾʧˡ
ִʦĺ㱳ϣ
ԱһԵģСſұأû˿Ҳѹûзˡ
СɫҵĲӾһҧһ²ֵۣģе
ԲۣС治ʦ֪Ϊʲô˹ץסֻСŵϺݺݵˤȥȻһӣ۵ҪȻʦóһŷҵĲϣҲֱúǣʲôڲһ
ͯӿ꣬Ȼע˵ڣղž͸עֻ꣬ס񡣡ʦ˵
šҵ˵ͷ
æ£ʦҲùӽҪնɱֻͯӣԶȴ󺰵Ӯ˰ɣҵĹͯӣҲŪأɱһüСơ
˵ָֻ׹˵׾ţϽսǸ«ｻң㲻˵㻰ɡ
ʦһҶӮҲܰѽķңҸһᣬҲֹ㣬ץı¡˵ʦתǸ׹˵Ͻܣ
׹ʵ֮ǰʦԺƲأ֮Բܾʦ̫ˣҲܲԲһֱһʦĻˢһ¾ͻһᡣ
׾ţ˵񶫿ǰ׹ˣҲʲôˣȾ¥ܣ׷ֻ׹ȥˡ
壬ó»ԣڻֻ꣬취ֻƳҳȥæҲֹû˵ǲֹʦЦһ£֮ǰ񶫸ĺ«Ǹ֮ͯҲ¥
ʵͦȥֵģڻûܵұϣüĿһ˵ۣʲôҪܡ
ȻҾ͸оó˲֪ʲôҵĶͷͲӴһ£Դ͸ըһ㣬ֱ˹ȥ

Ժ۾˿ΧҾȻڲоԴرۣ̫Ѩ
Ա߲һŮ˵ѾͱҶ
ԱһȻǺ˼˼ҲǴһ׸ӵĲϿͦ԰׵ģȥʣڼˣιȥˣ
㰡ιȥˡ
˼һ˵Ҿź˼ȥ죿ȥˣأǸ׹ôˣ
һ˵룬˼ɫҲúѿˣҡҡͷ˵뱻̵˸ץˣҲ׾Űæ׾˵û취Ǹ׹
ɶ¡˼˵Ҳżƻ˽翴ͦõģ˵˰ôûʧ߱׳հɡ
ű׳ءЦһ£ҵĲ˵ɵñ֪ɣǰڹŹһ⣬Ϊ˵İ浽ңҪǻȻ׾ŸϹǿĻڹƶͶ̥ˡ


160 ׹
ǿ˱Բлʲôģڿ˵Ƚ˰Ҽ򣬺Ҳɰ׳վϲһ
ԴҲͦҵģҲͲںЩϸˣǳʣôǸ׹أôˣ
Ҹ㣬ʶˡͻȻ˾˷ੲݵĸ˵
ԭĿɲֹһˣ׾Ÿһģ׹һܣ񶫸׷ȥͱ壬кܶʦһЩץֵһЩԱǾͰ񶫸Χˡ
񶫼˶࣬Ҳг˰̵ˣʦ֮ǰҲ˵֣Ҳû֣ߵ˾ԭڳСĴٵ˽˫սĸСʱ
λȻҺһЩսǷǳĽս԰ɣʵ˫һһ˵ʵҪôǱ˱ǿر࣬ҪôұȱǿֻҪһЩ࣬ôսͻܿ
ʱ˵˫ʮˣ͸ȺһȻǿ϶ǸСȺŵṳ濪ɣ󷨣ָ˫ͲϵĲ󣬽󣬴ĸСʱ
еϸڲҲûϸ˵ǰ׹ܵˣ̺ʦǽҲһûֻм˰ˣ˵ĿѾﵽˣʼĿľֹ̲׽׹Ľͦġ
̹ƾˣȻ֪ռٹϵĹкôøָаٹϵĸֹ֣ٹǰĹֶǲġ
ֹ뼯ʱ˺һ̵ָͺñȰ׹һ㣬ǰǸԼߵĸɮǰҪΰԸ
ֺԸɲǳ˴ţ˵ҽôôԺҪôôǵģһַĵĺΰһϵ
ᣬЩĺĸǳԾƺģĸǴٷȥεģ·˵Ҳڣиӣɶӣҳһһô
ҾһһЩ̵ܿԸԸк֣ܶ˶ҸģǺԸԼһģҲǺԸԸִСֻҪһһ򣬷ĵԸǺԸ
Ϊ׹ҪǰҪˣɱˣǰ׹ĺԸĿǰ˵Ҳ԰ҲżˣҪһеץ׹Ͼ壬ɾûˡ
׾˵ڰԵϵ飬ȫѰ׹а׹ϢģṩɿϢģһǧܴ·ǧ򡣡һԲ˵Ҳ湻ǮģϢҶȥṩϢˡ
ҿӣҲЦ˵˰㣬Ⱥɱ˲գ۵ļһºǸǮǲɱھ㰢ӷ𿩣ܹ֯뻢Ϊ飬к³ġ
ô˵ε黹ɹ˵ź뵽ʲôһ˵ˣ׾Żҹϵǰȥʵϰˣ˵ѧУҲû˼˵ҪҸָʵϰء
£ʣȥҶ黹ûأͻȻȥָʲô
°ͣһʲô׵˵Ͳ˰ɣδȳ񡣡
˼˸ƻ˵׾ᾭ̫ˣ»㲻ǻиʲôôģȥǺſջĴ󵱼ҿ϶һ֡
ҳʲôϵһǲ̫ס
翴һۣ׳հֻҪϹʱʲô󵱼Ҳԭӵ棬һͲ
ôоǰ׳հҿһ۰׳հ˵ʱĻʲôԭӵɱҪţôֱɼٸֱߡ
˼˵ǸÿǵڵϹ
òƱȽѡ
ȻΣأһֻ͹һܣЩѧ˵û˿Ӱ죬ѧУΪ·ļ٣ѧÿӣֺҽԺȹ˺ü졣
˭˵õģ˭˵ģܳ
˼˵ĲأǱ˴һ٣˵ˣصңǻǳ⣬һ˵ͺñһպװ£ͻȻһЩͻἷ
Ҳǹһԭ֮һҵʱͻȻ꣬ر


161 뿪ѧУֱ
ϢڻָҳԺʱ̩磬Сֻк˼ҡ
Ѳ£ԼţпһɫTо˶˲١
ҪƽʱסԺȺʲôҰ첻һΪʦѾҺҵطȥʵϰҲǲûѧУˣҲ̩ܺСһˡ
ԺˣһߵǰϲȥǸѧУС꣬ƣкܶܶĲˡ
˵Һ̩ĸͦģһһ飬ڣһ࣬ˣСҲһ꣬˯һһȥϷ
ǰһʱ򲻷ԼҵˣоĹúÿ죬һξ͹ȥˡ
ʱĸնͦͳģǺ˼Ʊ˵үǵôֲǲˣԺһһϰ¡
̩̾˿˵ӣԺԼúõģ嶯ٺͱ˸ɼܣ˶̡
̩ҧ˵ͷͻȻʣǰȥɼܵô
ȿȣⲻ˾ٳ嶯ôû㣬ñ˴򡣡ҿһ£һºǣ̩ѧУһֱǹԹһ㣬ÿζһȥҸɼܡ
Ǽ˲٣ҺӦʮƿɣ磬̩С˼ӦҲƿˣͻƣ˼һֱû˵
Ѿ㣬ҡҡλεĻʬˣҺź˼˵һѻ˵ɶҲˣȵĺܶࡣ
ڶѹԺԼſأҲûˣϴε鷢ԺѧУȻ˵Ѿû£вͬѧҰ
ƿţ磬̩Сıһڵ˯أԴ۵ģ磬ˡ
ԺıˣԺأС־˵С䣬һ
áҰȻȥŪ˵ˮһãһ鴤¸˵һһӾ˭أң
ˣϽ߰ɡҳʹ˸ɫҿ˿Żعϵ̩С֣˲ϵˮһʰһЩ׵Ķ
ûи̩Сָ𣬲ȻƵÿް죬ԺֲǼ棬û»ǡ
Һʹ˼·ұҺɫı¥ᣬٿѧУ̾ǧģû뵽һҶ߳ˡ
ˣɶأϽߣø׾Ӵ绰ĹءŹǷҾߡ
ߵѧУŵʱһ˼ȻվѧУſڣ˼һɫȹӣȻ˶ͷȻ˵ǶͷҲͦģһʽͣʮֵԻҲоŮ
ˣ
·˼Աߵʱ˼ʣ翴˺˼һۣһ˵ǰ㣬ͷɡ˵ˡ
šҲûź˼˵ͷ˼Ҳ˵ͷһᣬ˼˵ˣɣʱһȥġ
С˵Լء˵תͳȥֱܾԺҲŻˣȻ˼˵˺ܶණһ仰ǣҺ뿴ͷӣôȹӣŮ֡
ɶڳɶ̾ӹҺսӵ׾ŵϢû뵽Ūɶȥˡ
λΪӺţƣôôûо̾ÿץˣưţƣϲڰ칫ң˵̰СǮҲ۵ְ̾紵ɹʻ͡
˰ɣʵϰǷ䵽ɳСְԱ֪ɡЦеĳ˵ΪʲôҪЦأΪ䵽˽ȥˡ
λΪûʲôˮΨһˮһľǽˣ۵㳵ӾǺüǧģ˵Ľɡ
Ҳʵģˮ֪ʶͺãʵܶණעطˮһЩ·ܶ඼ϲһˮĴʦȥæһطҲûˮʦȥȥúʡ
õõãɶҲ˵ˣҵùȥɶķɻƱߵķɻ
ǵʱѾϿŵˣ߳һʺɫķͣſڣ崩һɫʺɫװһɫīװBء
ϵĴīⲻװBɶ忴ҲЦǺǵ߹˵СӣԷûҴȥԷɡ
šŴϳˣҲǰ˵Ȼ˳ɶס˾ͽܼ˸ʶʶ


162 үү
һз˵ǼƵ꣬ط̻ܺԻͣſڻһʮ꣬һɫװվſڵȺʲô
忪ͣԺҺ͸Ŵ³ܿһԱװ˹ӹĳȥͣȥˡ
ϸˣϽ롣ʹ彻̸ͦϤģ˰ѴӭȥԺ˵˼ʲô뿪
ᳵ·ͳŴʣ尡ղǸɶģ
Ŷ־ƽܾЦ˵ˣϽ߰ɡ
һȥǼƵܾܵſӭӴ壬湻ģҲʲôڵڴ
߽ĸ˵ķ䣬һȥܴɳеӣҲر󣬹ƹһٶƽס
徹ȻҲˣһʮ꣬ͷ׷ˣͷ嵹ҲмƵĵطʮٸͦģ˶һֵֺܹĸо
ˣϽˣˡһȥͳŷ庰ӣϽԷ
Ժ󣬴͸˵ǷүүҺ׾ŵĸɵҲǷӵĵ
үүáҺԹһүү˵үүͦģЦеĵ˵ͷ˵ţһκɣţ
˵ž͵ݸҺһһ壬滹һ֣ҿ˿ʣɶıô
ԱߵĴԴһ˵ɶأͨ壬ֻǸϱС飬ǽСС
С˴һۣЦе˵Сͺˣұʵ˶ٵġ

ҲָԱߵŮ˵ϱǽУСУ˵
СáҺͬ˵ȻСС㿴ЦеģҲ֪Ϊʲôܸоǰѹ
ѹʦ϶ûУ޵һҸоͦµϢ뷿ҲǻˣҲûˡ
ӣӶ԰ɡүүڲ˵ȻСͽܣʵҲһˣҲҵˡ
ЩλҪĸȥžǡүү˵꣬ԱСĲһ䣺үǰǳɶһ֡
һǽһٳʲôų̂û뵽ǰķүүȻǹһ֣ͻȻһ룬Ҳǹֵĸֳ
ɶһְ붼ˣ˼ĸλˮȽأͿˣ֣ˣ׾Ѿźְλˣʰ˶Ϳֱϰˡ
үү룬ֿ˵ĸλأҸ쵼绰˵˵˳̫С
һ⻰һжүүʦʲôĹȻס
˰֣ԼԷǡЦһ˵˲ԵôУ뵱ҡ
㣿Ʋһ˵쭳Сӣ׷һصĳ𳵻쮵ʱһٶ๫Ưƣ·Ⱥ趼㱻
˵ˣƾҵٶҳӰӶ͸оһ紵ŵ𣿶ǽк壬˭صģ˵ⲻûôƾҵĳܳôСֹһ
Ҹ쭳ˡ
ô˵ҿɲˡ

һٷԵͦ˵ģʹһֱڳܣԷСëЦԷóͦõģϾҪһ͸ɼˡ
ԺүүҺһ绰˵¸绰ûҲԶȥҸжҪоû׾ʦ
ݵĹһȨȻСһ˼һҺûȥ棬ٹһʱʵϰڹ˾ͿҺ簲ŸеˮĲţûǱһʲôģ붼Ҹ
ȷүүԺ󣬷ҲҺ˵ˣʲôһһ̤ʵصȥɣйϵȥԶûã㹻ʵС
šҺ˵ͷóһԿ׵ݸҺ˵쿪ʼ־ֹȥó֤ȥ˸ǰŹ򸻴ãڹԱߣʱϵǣ˵ǣϾǶƽġ
Һ˵ͷ˵ԺǼ뿪ˣ嵹ûзô࣬ߵʱСĸ˵ûȥ棬û£Ժ÷尲Źǡ


163 ʷϵһ
ҺС鶼ˣ󣬷ķҲ̫˰ɣٶƽ䣬ˣʲôһӦȫװҲǾװ
Һһ䣬ҵķʮƽɣ滹̨ԣʲôҲС
ҸҵʱΨһ뷨
ӣߣҳȥԷȥܵҾߣǮֻԿ׾ͱųȥˡ
򸣴ǳɶĵضΣʡڲԶĵطر𷱻Χʲôѧ
ΧʳĻر𷢴ָóԵģҺܵԶһСԽй
Ҫ˵йŮ࣬һ뵽ľ߳ɶ⻹治ǴģΪͳɶ˵ʳϰ߱Ƚƫһ㶼ֵúܺá
ҺҲǿЩӣҪ˵ǰھУҪжңУƫԶ˵ѧУȫǴүǡ
㿴ǸС椣СҲˬεģ±˲֪ɫһ
ݺݵıһ£涪ˣںĻкɫô˵Ϊ
ĬĬһС̯һʮīԺģ˿ǿӺ޲ܵǰȥɫǣ͵㡣
ǹŹͦԶҲ֪ɶطҺ翴ǰһǰ׸ߵʯʨӡ
дŻ£翴ֵ˵԰ǷſڰʲôʯʨӣʨİڷҲԡ
ָʯʨʣ㿴ʲôо
ҿȥʨӸߴͣҵ̵úܺð˵ҲܾȰ
˵ûʯʨӿɲһģһ˵ʯʨһһģһһ˵ţҪĸҹֻʯʨӸ˭˭ĸֻʨӲôԳƣǴģҪһֻڣһֻտڡ
ͨţֱߵʨӦֻĸģӦһЩСʨ棬ĸʨӵıտڵģͿڲƽеԼ֮еġɡ
һߵʨӦǹģڣ̤ʨƽеԼ֮еġ¡һʨӣãôլˣºˡ
ҿ˵ʣʯʨӰڴأ
˵һ˼Ұڴ˻Эܶ£ŮĪŮĳӣеڣǷ£дѹᷢʲôġ
Ȼ˾ͽȥһݰɡǴµĹȽϱȽ⣬ſţһʮֵ꣬˵˾ʹš
˴һĻɫģǾȻͷ͸ҡһпҺЦ£λʩô
ʣͷ
дԻŶȥɺ˵žͰͷһԣҺ˲˹ӵĿС
ҽзܣҲңҴѧҵòҵ﹤˷ʥ˵˼Ҽù𶼻⴩ءЦ˵
ӭ߽˴ãװ޻һȥ̴ζ滹һû͸оһɷ𷨵ζ
ǻУӦûͦõģҾͳŷ˵ʦȥһɣ
æͷЦе˵ûû£һʮ飬ʮǴۡ
ܳҰһ䣬˵ģǸеľٿУоֱ˰
ҵݹȥʮ飬Һһһ㣬Һ߽ȥһΪ滹кأ澹Ȼ׸ߵĴ죬ʱء
˹ʸߣôһ°ɡԱ߽͵ҵ˵ͷķһҲ澹Ȼʴ۵׶ߵʴ̨ϣʱ𹩷
ǣǣǷ𣿡ҳԱߵķʣܽ˵ȻǷ£ֻǰûɶһʦ˵һ϶Ҿͻ˸ʴۣû뵽ͦõģ˶˵ʷϵһ¡
Ҳȥ̸㡣еܲˣַ
һ͸Ͻ˵𰡱𰡣㱾ɡ
ҲΪұҾܲ㣿𣿡ҵһԺС˵أ
ءǶһ飬һԣ¾һǣһҵģҲ˵
˵͵ݹһ⣬һɶҲ˵ˣʮּܡ


164 ֱ
ǣ˵˵㣬úһ£ŪѲҿʣڷ͵¾ˣ㻹ôһʮּܣ㣿
˵ˣ߰ɣﲻ̫ɾߵԱһ¡
Ťͷ磬ֵʣɾ
ͷ˵Ҹ㣬лңֹŹˡ
һ˵꣬۵ɵϴֱĿ˵ʦῴˮǲԲۣǣ߱ߣ
˵ŷܾͳһץס磬һ˵˵һĲɾüϲŮڿޣҹżںԺһŮڿޡ
һ˵ܣúһĸֲ۸ҽҪе͸Ͻѷ
ҡͷ˵аͦõģҪǻ϶һǧɡ
㻹ҪǮҪù㣬ҵĵ绰Ҫͨ˾͸Ǵ绰óһֽƬдԼĵ绰
ܽӹ绰˵ͷУǮȻͻ
ҺҲͲˣҪǮҪȿǺܽģһ¹ʴۣЩι϶Ҫҵġ
Һ˳ԺҲҲȥ··˸ʿŻص򸣴á
ȥ˯ˣϾһ͵ȥ
ڶľͱˣ翴ͦ˷ܵģ˸߲ҵģɲôõˮĲţԺеǺô
¥˲Ӿ͵ſڣͦģܸߵһã߽ȥͿָžȥġ
λʲô£ſһʮĴ忴˹ҺԺҲͦģ˵ǵ¥ȥ
һ˵ллԺ󣬾¥ȥԺһѯʲ߽һ칫ңһʮ꣬ͷ׵ˡ
ʱ˵̣ͷļء
𣿡ţһȥ̧ͷ΢΢üʣʲôģ
Һ˸񣬳ش𣺡棬ʵϰʵϰԱ
ЩϾԱϲľһףȻҺ羴ŵ˵ͷӹҺϣһ£˵ͷ裿»ԣ
ļ˵ȥ¥
˵ͷתˣҿ뿪Ҳʣأ
ȥֺһߵС¥ӵİ칫Ҳվֳ˵ҾӶӳ
Ҳֺһʣжˣ
ʮ˰ɣȥ֤ƿʼϰɡҵļ˵ͷ䵽ˣԺ϶ǰ;
ҵ˵ͷҵ˺¥¥һߣһ¥ʮ䣬ͦġ
߽ȥѯһ֤һᣬ¥һҵ֤ơ
߽ȥһʮ걳һҺڻأüͷʣãǸշġ
İãҽг㣬ϳ¾У㿴أܺˣһһᡣתͷҲſһܺ۾һ㣬ͦġ
ãҽг»ԣģָ̡Ц£˵ͷתԼæԼˣﻹ˵ǿҾˣĸ칫ͦ
ҿ˿칫ͦʮ˰칫Ӽ˸λõԼ칫ĵص㣬λųʣϳ£أ
ȥȡ֤ȥˡԴҲ̧ͷоأҿŰ칫ֲҰѧУѧ찡ⷽĶһҲô죿
Ϸһᣬſ߽һһŮеͦ˧ģһ۾о㣬һ״ӣﻹһӡ
ԱǸŮҲǴһ״ӣűӣͦСɿ˵ġ
ЦЦ䣬˰ͬ£г»ԡ㿴˽ʹкָҽ
ǸЦЦŮҲһЦͦģر䣬ߵǰʵĺʹ˵ǣʱԺȡ֤ĹɣǾǡ
ǣôˣްιҿǶˣԱǸŮЦǺǵߵұ˵Ƿҽǿûȡ֤Աһְֱȡ֤˵ĻһݹʣȻжˡ


165 Ի
һ£ȡ֤⹤𣿡ҿŮʡ
Ǿ͸ҽԺҪЩʲô
ɶҲ˵ˣԺˣ׾Ǹ˵ҰˮĹҲˣ̾ÿץץҲˣǾȻҰŵô֤ơ
֤ƾǸλЩưƬһЩָƣռͷͷɵġ
ǿһˣ㣬ЦЦ䣬ңǶĹҲǻѪҺͷȡ
䷨ҽҾͲùĽ˰ɣЦǸɲģǰƬȻоġ
ҷֵȡ֤֤ģЩưƬ׽ɫſڵͷռָ׵֡
λɱΪ⹤ɣǴµ˵һ£һ԰ҲöڵҸСʱɱ͵졣
ҶǶڵϣʮСʱվһᣬȻֶ¼ֹǿƣֱǿư
ǣɶҲ˵ˣߣԷɶͳɶҾǸ䱧ҼҪЦЦԴһ˵ˣȻ°ȥҳ˸ǳԾǣȡ°˵
ڸʲôʡ
˵Ϣˣ칫û㹤ǳŻ㡣
Сҵ˵ͷ˵С
ЦЦ˵žߵԱߵıóһ޿ֶ˵ȵְɣҲȡ˵óһϴŵΡ
ϻȥΣҿŻЦЦʣЦЦһ£˲˹һָ˵һߵ٣ûȡġ
ҵʱſأһӾ˳ЦЦҡҡͷתԼĵˡ
ҲͦеģԱߵ˸̹˵ϰ߾ͺˣ˵˵ĸ࣬ҺҲǷ棬ǼһǰʱôˣҺ˲ء
ۡһΣæĿ̸ֶͦģ͸ǹһҲµ֪
ԭסһģǰǸմӴѧҵһ䵽ңһֱһ
ǸӣǹʮˣһŮҲûУЦЦһϵһҵңͦǮģҲϲ
䰴Ļ˵Ѿյ쾡ˣΪʲôʲôġ
ʱԶĻЦЦͳ˵ԱǼһǸʿħ춼ʶһ첻ʵʲô
ְҵϰߣ⡣Ȼ˵ȴǴԵģûˣԲۡ
һúܿ죬컹һȥԷҸܾˣûθڣڰ칫Ҷһ죬һĹڽ
ǣȥҵ־ߣҾʣס
򸣴á
ðɣԭҺھӣҸߵǼңǼҾ¥¡
ǻЦЦϵģͺҸһװ޵ͦġ
ӣȥŪˡЦЦͦģԺһΧȹߵŪˡ
ͻȻ뵽ӦҲ°˲ŶԣҾͳʣǸɶиǺһסģ¥ϣҲв
ʣҲǾӵô
ҵͷţɽģҲǽġ
£˶֣ϳ£ȥ¥̧ơˣС壬ơ̧㻹࣬ȥرãԼȥ̧ơˡ
ҿ˼ûҲ绰˹ȥ绰ܿͨˣͳʣɶ¡
磬¥18-8ԻȰ˵ڵ绰Ǳ˵˸Ŷ͹˵绰
ĿѰ˼е㲻Ծܿˣ߹ȥһϾȻüЬӡ
Բۣ磬㣿һˣԵģָ˵ȥ˵
㣬ͻЦЦҲˣҸ˫һ£ȻɳϣŶȾ˵治˸ɵģԵġ
ǿԻһôС˵
һ˵ҲֵôվֵģһʮҵĲ֪Ƴһ£˵ҪֱӵǸҲˣզ˵
ǳһͷϳĻë˵û۾˵ײĺ䲻Եģʮʲôʱͳɺˣҡ
ҿϵļӡʣƣȥʰ
ëôҲǾУİɲһüͷ˵⻹ҽԺأ϶˼ͷҪҽҩأˡ


166 ĵ绰
Ҿ˵㻹Ƹë˴ҽԺˡ
ҲٺЦ˵ҾΪʲôûͷҽҩе鷳һе
һԵĳͻЦЦҲֻЦ£ûзʲôԣʵ챾ҪôǱ˴Ҫôǰ˴ҽԺ˺üľ죬Ҳ綼Ѿϰ˲ǡ
ܿҲˣһ˿ơƾ߽ˣҸϽȥӹơƣȻЦЦҲѲ˳һЦЦرá
ҲǸˣܺദһȥƾϤˣرǺ䣬͸ζͶԵһ㲻ϲ˵ͦƵһˡ
ѾʮˣǸԺҺ뿪ˣԺ߻ط˯أҲ֪˯˶ãͻȻҵ绰ˣͷһȻ䣬ڵ绰Ǳ˵ӣϽ𴲣аˡ
ԴͻȻˣҲͺƿ̫ˣͷһʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˣҸϽþܵ¥£ʱ䣬ͻЦЦ׼ˣһľ
ɫͦģڵʣôˣʲôˣ
ڲԶɱЦЦͷڼԼһЩߡ
仹¶Цݣҵļ˵㲻ˣһɱҪ֪ҵһͲ֪ʬɶ⣬ֻܺء
䣬Ǹ̬ЦЦĻ˲٣˵ξ쵼رӣϾɱֳʡܽ쵼ҪֳӲ칤
䲻˵ˣȺ쵼ɶJBⶼ֪ȥװBָӹЩҪרҵ֪ʶģǶƨ
ʵɱʱһӦǻ᲻ְֹҵϰ߰ɣҡҡͷģô¥³⣬俪һǿһ̫ŵ¡
ʱѾʮͬˣ˻ɫľߣȻûʲôΧ۵ˣϾ賿ˡ
ߵֳԺóһ˫һЬ׸ңϣעƻֳǡ
šǼЬ˽ȥһȥͿϰһʬ壬߹ȥᳵ·ļЦЦͳ˵ӣȥµļһΧûпԵ֤ݣȻռ˵ŸҼӡ
ҵ˵ͷҵĿ˿ëûУȦҾվԱ߿ôʬģԶһӣǾֵĸֳʱһָֻŵġ
ҵͷʬ壬ɫɷףˣӦһ׼ɱ˼վ˵ڸĵˣʧѪʱˡ
ܡЦЦüһļС˵ǲǿˣʼߵĸףҲǾϾŵʱӵӵĵ绰˵Լˣĸ׵ص㣬ĸҹʱ賿룬Ȼ󿴵ʬűģôأ
ڻҵרҵ֪ʶô䲻Ķָʬ˵ˣΪûԻȫȻɳۻ1-2СʱǶĻֻ30-40ӣȻͻʬǳ˵ģ˶Ӳˣ㿴ʬ壬ողλĸ˵ģʱСʱͨ1-3СʱͻῪʼӲ
Ȼ£24СʱʱʬͻῪʼ⣬Ҳǣ˵ĹؽڲʼòôӲʬѾȫûˣ˵رȵ£3ˣʬûˣʬ帯ܵĿʼ£󣬾Ϳʼиܵˣ˵ӿʼĴ󣬻ζ֮ġ
㿴ʬ壬ѾָˣСʱʬӦʮӲŶԣ˵컹ǳƣпʱࡣʬ塣
ðɣҾ汨ǡЦЦ˵ͷҲٻɣļдʲôҲһ˵ֳȫҪ©ʲôԺͻؼϢɡ
š
ĵ賿㣬ˣλɱΪ棬Ƭÿһ䶼Ҫĵӻصҳ˸裬ˣڴȴ˯ţⰸʵֵģʱϵĲǺϣȻҵĽǶȵȻǻǸʱΪԼĸ״绰
ֳûпǣҹһҪϢΣ绰Ҫ
ҲԺ˯˹ȥ


167 ȡ֤
ڶҾˣԭҵĸôҲ˯ʮСʱϧжʱôɡ
򵥵ϴһ£þȥϰȥˣСܵǹС¥
һȥͿЩͬ쳣æµӣȥæòɿ
߽ǵİ칫ң澹ȻһҲûУԼλô˯ûЦǺǵ˽ﻹһкз
ӣ϶ûԷɡѺзǰ˵Ͻԣ绹ȥֳȡ֤
šҴ򿪺зϲĻع⳴
ԷʱҲ˰ӡ
ЦЦ˵ӦǸ永һ㣬ȻǷָһͷûС
֪лңУʮ̫꣬ܣƽʱΪºͣûʲôˣìܵҲֻСС֣ʲôޡ
ʣأǷǮ
ߵȷϲĲϰߣҲұ˽ǮһˣһЩǰѵĿڹĽһֱûѾͬȥ˹ˡЦЦ˵ͽ绰˵ߣһȥɡ
æڷ͸ȥˣڶ԰참ͦȤģо档
ߵһ¥һ¥һңܺڣǵȻһԵȫȥߵڣм豸
˽ȥʱѾͬˣǳЦ£û˵Ҳȥ˼Ƶ
Ƶӿʮ꣬õɷģھȻ棬޺ԩҾǷ飬Ҳиôܻɱԩ
ҾͿ˵˵ҲûôǮΪ鲻ɱ˰
عͷҡͷ˵ûô򵥣ܶ˶ΪԼָĲڳ֤ݻûʱ򷸰ܼ򵥣ûһǮҧȻǮ٣ǸоԴһͱ˻ңҲǺпܵġ
šҵ˵ͷҪиһǷ򻹴ĻҹҲŪⲻһǮ⣬Լ
Сͬ˰죬Ȼûʲôͷ˻Ҳû˼ҳŻЦЦͳ˵ҴŻȥֳȡ֤ˡ
˵ҳţ̫ţʱ̫ѾΧһȦĴˣȫվԶǸҵ
ҳʾһ¹֤ͽɱֳ˵򵥵ģڽһѵģȡָơ
ҪöನιǣȻգԺ۾ָܿơ
ȻָƵĵطһëˢŮױõǸˢһģôۣˢǸطȡƽָȡߡ
˵ͦɵģԺһģʮָơ
ǵãѪëҲҪȫռ˵ˢŷ۵ʱǵñߴ磬Ȼŷ۾ͺˬˡ
ôҿԼʡ
ǣζͺ۲࣬ˬ㣬˵ҵļ˵úȡ֤ɣȻȥˡ˵ת뿪ˡ
̾˿о治ɶù
Ǿʹһ˧̾Ϊһˢ
һˢˢǿҪ·ӣˢøƯ
ģˣռʮָһʱ䣬ˣɱʮָҪһ磬ռָƿһϸѶռˣͷһҲұأҴ˸к˵ߣһԷȥ
ҲǹɼһЩѪҺ걾ߵһݣţ
Եʱʣô治
ƨڻȣҡҡͷٺһЦңˣӣŮû
£и氮ûףء
ĬĬĵȼһ̣¶˵˵Щ˵İAƬЩƬЩϲƬЩƬңҵİƬϲƬƬAƬƬƬǾƬǣͣز岥桭
ˣҿʣ˵ͷ̾˵
ڵŮĶôʵġļĪʣû˫ķӣ˵ûУûŸҲ˵ûУȥһŸķ
ΪĬһ£밲οʱҡͷʣϵ˾ҼһֱסҵȷûйԢҲŸ󰡣ϰ࿪ڼ￪ҵĴƷ䣬ΪʲôҪձأ
ΪǰŮĬҲ֪ԭҲǸ


168 л
˸־ʧġ
ԭǰο˵һ仰ôһο͸оɷµĸоء
ܿͳ棬ȻתصֳȻ޷Ǽ񼸸ͷ
°صңҲͻˣɳϿأﻹ߶濴ýζġֲ岥Ӿ磡
ҽʣӣô
Уʹһ·ˢЦ£˵ǰӲ򵥰̫ˣرǸ绰϶ǹɵġ
ߵԱ˵ô񾭹ɡ
У㻹šʼ򣺡ڹףζʱˡ
˵Ҫ˵ưҲѣŪ㶫л꣬ǸлҵĹȻô²𣿡
룬õư붼˧ưԺعԽ˵Խץҵ֡
룬⻹ȷǸ취ȻѾͶ̥˵ĻǾˣʣôлꣿ
л̫ˣֶȻһ㣬ֱĿ졣
Ǳ˳ɱģ϶ûͶ̥ȥ취Ūҵ֣׼һһҪȻ׼ҶС
ȰдŻֵֽڻʬɵĵطȻѺֽϣһʯͷѹסȻһޣѺϣһҰԩͿˡ
ѵסһҪ׼Ҷһֻ˳ɱĹױɷٻбɷҶ
ֵʣаô
һ˵Ƿȥҵһʣɢ˼Ҳܸȱ¡˵ɳϿ˵ӡ
Ҳϴ绰Ҫߵպ;ĳʱ䣬仹Ҫɶ˸ɷ˹ȥ򵽻ĸ׵ĵ绰ʵˡ
źҶͦˡ
˸ʿ̫ţѾϾŵˣȻмͬվء
ôȡ֤һ񾯿ҹ˾ЦǺǵʣҵ˵ͷ˵û취ֳʡ̫ˣͷҪϲء˵һͳ̵˹ȥ
ǾƳ˵ϰʱǲ̡ܳ
иɶûˣѲֳ˹͵ɡҵݹȥԺҲǣˣͶ˵ǣȰǿŵ㣬һûˡ˵˾ܵԶһĵطˡ
ǵȻ⸽̣ƻֳԶԺҲһЦĵߵ˻ʬɵĵط֣ȻѺҲȥԱ˿ʯͷѹȥ
ŪһİѺ˲Զһݴ棬ҲҴݴԵ˼ܲôྯлɣֻúѹ
Ǽǳ̣Ҿ˵ȥòݴԿʲôȻ˹ȥ
ʱϻһʮ׸ߵİɫޣҶȥݴԵĲͦߵģȫСĵİϵ޵ϣСһҰԩһҰԩһҰԩ
飬ͻȻҸоΧ΢΢е䣬ˢһ£һԱһǸѾԱߣ˫ãĿҡ
Բۣû߶һ£ϵ޳ԱߵĻʣң˭ɱ㣿
˫ãĿ˿Χʲôط˭
ˣڻûл꣬Ǵãڣ֪ԼѾˣüͷ˵ˣпܻᱻԼŵȻܵĻˡ
ҳŻʡңĸģǰʱǲǷ˭ǮˣȻ˴ˣ
ãɵҡҡͷûǷ˼Ǯ
ٺú룬ûɱ㣿Ҹ˵꣬ͻȻɫһ䣬ֵ˵ʲô֪ʲô֪ңɱң˵Ժתܵˡ
Ҹ׷ǿǵЩ죬ҲʲôվŻҾܵıӰüͷҵĲ򵥰
պޣֵľ˸кͻؼȥˣ˼ңҰ˻δ˯磬˼һ˵ûлʶģģͷߣҲٰʱʱʱر뱨ģʱɣʱҪǸȥ
Ϊʲôֵʣ˵ͷ߿ɱԼĳҿ϶ɷҾûмԼҲҪѯʾˣ϶֪޲ġ


169 
ôͻȻμӻҵأ俪ųŹǷʡ
һҾһȥμӻҵˣҲǻҵͷߡ
ҺٺһЦ˵˼ˣܵȥɡ
֮Ҫһ˲̫˼
Ҽڳɶһƽĵط俪Сʱŵƽ塣
ƽ´ӣ涼ש߷˿ͦģȻ˵ǴӣȻСһ
³һ²ҵ˻ҼңҼһ¥¥滹һΧǽΧĿԺӣҺͻҶǴžġ
߽ȥһʮϺ˹ϺӣеձҲܶ࣬һɫĳ£һɫĿӺһ˫Ь
λͬ־𣿡Ϻ˵Żͳ̣ݸҺ䡣
ҿ£ԺںܶˣڰæٰҺһҲ˵Ĺ
С˵λǻҵĸףư˵ǮóһǧǮ˵壬ǴμӻҵģǾֵһ⡣
ϺԭҪŵ˵ͷס˵֯ðղžλֵĴû뵽λ̫лˣ
ɶҺһۣǰɣҺʲô˵˵ֱ׵ġ
Һ߽һȻǻЦЦͳ㣬ԺһЦ߹ȥͳŻЦЦСʣɶ
һЦЦ˵Ȼ鰸ӵģȺͬµ飬ȴûһҵջأҸ˵ˣҲӣҾˡ
ҡͷС㣬Ҳ鰸ģġ
ܲ鲻鰸ڵʵڣǼƣ̣Ȼ˵񣬵ֻеġ
ڰݹײʬǼҲûȥûɶÿģر䣬ƻ§ʬ˯ġ
⻹治ǿţҽĻϹص㶼̫ƽ䣬Ҫ˾Ҹطɻᣬò˵ĵ治һĴȻһץʬ廹һ־¡
Ժ֣ܿ͵ˣƼҲһȣҿǸʲôݵøһһŰѲ֪ʲôľͷĽıţ̫Ͼ
㵸ģϷһ
ҺͦģڻЦЦͳڡ鰸ԭЦЦһʼĿһߵ̾鰸ʲôģ̫ΣˣԲŸŪڵĲ飬Ļ˵ǣⲢֹ׷
ʱܿ͵㣬ҹɫҲˣԭ׼뿪ģϲҵͷϷߣᡣ
ߵ㣬ɫȫԺ󣬻ڳˣȻվҶ¥ĴԼ¥µϵıܸӣ仯ܶ࣬е㲻Լһ
䣬ȥϸҿָ˸кԼıǼҶ¥ȥ
һ¥Ȼں֣¥ûˣںģƶûҸ߽֮ǰǸ䣬ʹĻҵ
˭Һʲôط㡣
Ťͷһڻʲôüͷһ壬ѵҪɷˣ
ҹţһ¥ĿʱҺͻңҶԻ˵ңһ죬ң˭ɱ㣬һ㱨ġ
𣿸ղڹײ𡣡۾еãæͳ̫Ͼ̫ϾӵнɷĹá
»գȴа棬ͨ棬˼ͨ棬뷡˻ҵĶͷϣ˲ҿ˿ܽһ˵٣Ҫұĺԩ
ҿĻңҾͰ˵˵µô£һ㱨𡣡
ɫĵ˵ͷæ˵ɱҵԴɱǰһ졣
ԭһʼǮǱƭģƭҿһСķ棬һӾͱƭ֮һǮ
ǰһȥϣٽǮӮû뵽ҿҪİ칫ҵʱһ˵̸
Ȼںһ󴮵Ķûͱ֣Ȼ̫ɱˡ
üͷǴ󹦰ʣûʲôȷһЩ֪ûãʲôǿ֤ݡ
ҵͷ˼е㲻ȷ˵ˣǵʱ˵ºҪ̫¿׶Ʒ


170 ǰ׼
ʱأʡ
ҡҡͷЩµ˵Ҳ֪ʲô֪ǺͰҴˣȻҾͲ֪ˡ
ҿһ»ҵӣʲô֪ˣͳһžȿնɷ
ڻҵӺпܲͶ̥ΪԹȥ˰벽ҲᱻЩסϲ˻𳵣Ͷ̥
ǣô˵Ҳǿˣһ̡žȿնɷսڤɰζ;ʩ壬ΪΪŮԳУƶ壬ڼڼ
Ժȿնɷ˵ɫĹâ˻ҵĶͷϣұĻΪɫĹ㣬ʧȿնɷǳȷѹ¹ֵԹͶ̥
ŻʧҲ¥˼ľôǷϢѲ˵ҸղſҵĹ֪꣬ģ
ӻʱ죬ҲֻоǶƷ׵ʱˡ
룬ҳһֽд˵㶫
ȻҾŻҸĻЦЦ䣬г˳СԺҵһ徻ĵط˵缸ش֡
ɶ֣ڹ۲ûпءЦЦƲһʡ
˼һ£˵Ҹղڻҵķ䷢˵žͰдֽݸǡ
дȻԻҵдһԣ˵ԼҪǷʲôңӦɱģȻдº̫½׶Ʒ֮ġ
ǣˡЦЦЦҵļһ£򶨵˵üƵͬȥһֽαɡ
ëüġ˱˵ģȺһ϶ֵˣοǶƷף˴ĹͲˡ
ԭҪе㵣أһ˵˿⼸һҺֻ֤ƵģȻǾ죬ûһϵ̾
ҪǾḻ̾һһʱϱ֯ϾƷ׿϶ʮΣգʱѾǹͲ͵ˣ⼸һ͸СӰҼҾһôôץȺˡ
缸ȻǰϢϱȥԭϢǱ棬ȻȥץģȻһ˾ٱôϢ϶ӡ
ҵļһ˵ϱëǴ󹦣Ǽ͹ˣǸ磬ϴκǼȾƵǸǼһƱģȺ̾ʲôжɫ
һƱģ磬ôˡҺһ£룬ʵҲԣȻǶҺʤʵǺܴġ
Ҷóʲôɢǹģһ㶾ǵͷܣǵÿǹҲǳԼԱߵͬϿǹץͬͻᱻһ£νѲƶȻˣƼ˼Ҳ
ڽȺһǾǼȺһĺˣԴϵģ˶գ۾ֺ֣֮١
Խ˵ԽǸƼˣݳߡ
ȥԺǰ컹ճϵʱҺ罻Ǽ棬֮ǰҲˣҪȥץӵʱûſޡ
һ˼ͬˣ漰ˣڣرڵأӻٵÿżָɱǱϼ͡
һưǿĳĳֳ쵼зʲôģ˭֪ʵײСԱһûУرģ͸ûˡ
ھ֣Ҫֻ
һǼҿصĴһƤóֽǹʮУÿо巢ӵ
Ūģ껹ûЦеһǹҲװϵУָУܲھУҲѧģǹǺ١
죬ңӣȥץˣЦЦϳ¾ţ˾ʹţһŵİһѾһ㡣
컹ȹ۲һ¶жپɡűǹ˵
˵ãҴҲϹȿˣҾŻͣɲ
Աߣʱǹŵģҡҡͷ֧е̫ˣһҽһ飬һģһӼһҡҡͷ治ʲôϣ
ʵڲֻһˣҺһȡһǹģؼˡ
ԺҾͳʣ磬ûʲôó
һЦٺ٣أҪûкܸȺ˱ȥĺˣԼзִġ
ҲԣԸ治ǸΣյ顣


171 
ϣ°Ժľȥ˵㷹ˣȻű̫ϡ
֮ѡﷷӦþΪ￿ʡ
Ǽվ̫ϣЦЦ°˵ǿ϶ΪΣյĵطȫҲûл뵽˻ҵ׶Ʒ
ڵص϶̫ˡ
̫Ŵʮ׿һ罭ţǴϣŻ潻׵ȷױ˷֡
˵ͷͰŵЦЦŵţϳҰţҪǵʱʹǣϴץˡ
šЦЦϳû߶ǺïܵĲݴԣܺΡ
أʣҴʱŵıҲһЩС⣬ҲҺĶһлһײľ
лЧͲù˰ɣζԲʮڵĹ»ҰͱͬĶֻɸ
ײľȺڤ;ģ˵ǿڤ;ʵҲԣײľ޵ġ
λӦö޺İֲŶԡ
˵ظÿӻᷨ⿪һЩ»ιһͶֻ̥Ҫλ˵ظɳޣͿͶ̥Ͳܿˣ޵
޿Ǵǹǻ𳵣ֻҪǽͨߣпޣҲǺܶ๫ֹԭ֮һΪޡ
λ֪û˵ĩ๫Ĺ£˵ǶһСڹ˾ҹʱѾʮˣûйˡ
ͻȻڵĳվһĩ೵ʱСҲû룬ϳˡ
Ȼ󹫽ʱ߰˸ˣСӺһ̫̫һͦĳվһµŮӣûһᣬͻȻ̫̫СӴ󺰣͵ǮҪȥɳ
СӻûŪôأ̫̫񾭲ͱ̫̫˳³ԺСӴ̫̫̫̫Це˵Ҿ㣬ΪλҪң
Сɻʣң
̫̫˵ǹǹ
ôǹأСɻ̫̫˵ϳʱͻȻûȣƮġ
ڶ죬һͳˣϵȫһˣȵûзǸŮʬ壬ʱСųˡ
ʵܶ˶ΪǸˣʵǣģֻǹǰ⹫ˡ
ֻҪľ鶪ڴϣȻлĹЩͻΪޣȿֺĳ
ЩΪ⴬ϵ˶ǹγ֣ҾͲŲȺˡ
䣬Ȼϴȱжһӣǵʱɵ飬ҡҳ˵ܵøǵʱлͷ޵ľưɣȫûԥľ͵ͷˣҵļ˵С
ôЦ£ͷ˵ֱ
Ҳںӱһݴ˵ģ˵ģرǶ׵㣬̣ܴܳ˵վȻһжڸ߷˾͹һˡ
˵ģЩѻ֣ſһطһģʼһ㶼ʵܲˣڲݴˣ˯ˡ
֪ãҶоԼѾ˯ˣҲҡˣҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿һˣС˵ˡ
һһӾˣ̧ͷһһֱرͨĻʻ̫ͣģģĿ߰˸ˣʱڼװҹڿû
ʮӣǲ߽ӣҲǮˣס˵ȵȣֻǽ׵ص㣬Һһûء
ȻʮӣСľ֪ʲôطһϡ
ж˵꣬˶ףˮȻ֮ǰһϴлýˮ
ǸС˹ȥǼװϾڳ̣ϻһ䣬˶ȥˣڽװɡ
ˮԲ̫ãʮӣҺü²ŰҴ˻棬ڴС˵ȥӺͻʮƷ𣿡
֪üͷҺֲ̾ܵԡ
ˣкܶǹеĻǾˮߡٺһЦóǿ޵ľƵݸ䡣
һ⣬Ҳлݸ˵ȻȥҺȥץˣҸû˵ĵطȼЩ㣬ŰľƷڴϣȻˮߣϰûɣ
ӣüҿ۾˵


172 Ⱥʧ
΢ԥһ£Ǽᶨĵ˵ͷ˵ϣ¾ˣǧ
ġҺһЦС˵ж
ҺѸٵȥԺͿڵŽϵľɫأպǱģҺһۣСĵİЬѵȻСĵһһ㿿
ȻڲǸɵ̾Һѧרҵ֪̾ʶǺܶģЬҲ֪ôģرĽţʵ͵Ӿ෴ġ
Щ֮̾ôΪĵӲҰҺԿŵǹ
ҲûӶôͣʱĻ᲻죬Ҫô죬һ˵ѻ졣
ҺѾˣҺһۣҴ۾￴˽ֺγǡ
λ˵ʲôŤӣɱ֮ҺƨһƵбرоϾ죬ҺܽĸλãЩҪʵսϾԱŻᡣ
ͻȻһаһЦʱҺѾŵ˵ζлζ
ͳ򼱴̳ŷģҲĬ쾫Ԫðٴޣĺɣǲ뷡
Сİŷ½Ǵ
ҺСģӴ»طʼƮˡ
ţʲôǲۻˣһָǰһֻˮʣǸţľ˵ʲô϶ˣҪƣҲǣй
˸˵ֻ꣬Ҳ³鴤
Ҫǳʱ䲻ĻңҲǸʱҺ翴»мСӣѾĺ
ҺϽﵽ˴棬Ⱥװ˭ĳԳ˺ƴǱŵòϡ
󲻶ϵĴǹͶĲҽŵòᣬҺں̣˦˦˵ưô򵥣
Ҳǵ̣˵ɶͻȻоԾˣΧöԲۣߵˮöĹ˴һܿ죬ǴʮˣЩʪܵģˮԺͶڴϲˡ
ôôҲüͷͻȻ뵽ʲôһɫɷ˵ӣϽЩˣˣǻɢҲС
˵ĴóһЩƷһĶԸȺ»Ұǹˡ
ҿ罹ҲæӰóľֵʣôˣ
ȺΪޣһʱỹãһǷֲޣǿײľ֪ƭĻǻʲôӦһƵĿ˵ǻᱩߵģͶ̥ϣȴ֪Ǽٵģ˭
ˮ·ˮ군ˡҧָźĴ˵ȥ˵ž߿ܡ
ʱʮˣźɫװӶʮƽɣм仹һ滹ɫӣһװźܶɫһĶһӾȫǮ
ʮ˶ڵϣÿԱ߶һֻˮǵǣҪŪǵԼ
ˣ˵һŻƷһֱˮȥЩԺǸǹлôܿ
ҿȥŪʮֻˮˣҲûȥæͳһħɷħɷþаլ
Ұħɷۺؽɽ鶨ճطĻᦣ뷡
ʱħɷҫ۵ĹâȻԺܻٶȥüͷһЩôͣԣ
ҷһ£ʱﻹħɷһħɷֻܶӡ
磬ô죿һͷ磬ü˼ʲôʱһһĹȥһŷȥŷϵĹâҽϵľЩҪѪսһˡ
ͻȻվҧ˵ǿӶҡ
Ҳ˿ԥӶͳ׸磬ӹԺܵмŶƷֽϣƿӷм䡣
ʱĹ˷˽Һ˹֮࣬ϰֻצģҪ˺һ㡣
æһֵ־޼Ǭ跨
ԺɫĹâ˳ҫ۵Ľ⣬վһаһ㡣


173 󹦣
Щ»Ұð̣һ˲ͻᱻȼյһͻȻһɫ۵˳ǰһץסӣ˲ʧˡ
һ˲ֵģЩʧ˼צĳץҿ˵ʱ˿
үҰ㡣޳ΧĹŭһЩһ͸èһȫĹ˵ϣͲûͷˡ
үϺáҺ綨˶񣬿Ű޳ЦеĴк޳ȻǰŵģһţŤͷҺһۣһµôĵӣȻαޣȺߣǸõ
һ΢΢üһЦ˵үҲͱСˣ䣬䣬ܹܹЩˣ֪үν£
޳һ˵ҲûȤŪСأ´˻֪
ǵظʮһΣ֪һֻʮֻһλޣ֪𣿡
޳˵ЩлͶ̥ƭǣʮһǹأȻǱƭޣҲޣҪʮĹ»ҰǱŭԭ򡣡
ûûôذɡ΢΢üѹˣѹЩôˣͻȻﵹǶЩһεĸо
ûֲķ޳ʱ˵˲ˣŰ޳˵ˣүֱӴȥͶ̥˰
޳ڵظȨһĴ󣬴Ͷ̥͸ˮһ
û뵽޳ȴҡͷ˵ظеظĹأΪִԱǲܻ˹أһԽǡ
ӡ˵Ű޳̯֣˵Ƿһʦһ𷨾Ȱֻԩ϶û⣬ԸңҿԴͣǳǣͶ̥ת
ﰵԵģ̰ҵô˵ùûʵģҪ»ҰͶ̥˻᲻۾ֹô
룬һǵ˵ͷ˵ȻүģϣүӳǣΪˡ
ʵϸһ룬ҶԲЩҿŴЩʪܵĹ»ҰиˣСˣˣʱηηĹڵϣ̧ͷһᡣ
ģⳬȵˣ±Ͷ̥Ǹ󸻴ˡ޳ĵ˵ͷպӣһ˵Ͷ̥ȥɣһôйٸ±Ū˼ҵġ
˲䣬Щ»ʧˡ
СһģǺö͵̫˷ˣظ̫ƽҪдãһʱỹģϰҲǷһ顣޳˵ԺҲ˲ʧԭء
ԵģһƨҵӰҡͷȻ˵ﻹǺܸ˵ġ
Ͼ޳˵ǽ裬Ȼû˵ûﻹһЩһõ˰޳һ飬Ҳ֪ǿӵʲôã޳һô١
ЩǧĹ˾ƽʱ˭ԸǷ˼鰡ظĳˣѲ绢²ʮ˲ѺĶܳˣ
ҡҡͷˣи߸Ķأҹĸ񰡣ﻹеˬģϾһٶֻͶ̥̹
ҺҲ˵ϣȼһ̣ԵģղʵҲգ֮ǰԺɫһֱܲ԰ףڰ޳ûô˵
磬ôû°ɣûذɡҳԱߵʣɫ԰׵ҡҡͷ˵ƨûС
ûһЦЦ㣬˾ͳ˴߿ų˽صĶҲԱȻʹ绰
ҲߵӶǰһȻһڱᣬ£һ˷ܵ˵򣬿ʮˡ
Ȼɫ԰ףҡҡλεߵǸԱߣųʣϳ£ôأ
򣿡ɻĿ磬ͷʳָһ׷ۣҪŵŵˣס˵Ҫɱһע0.2˵ĺͻôʮġ
϶ݵİһŵæں˵ӣ̫ˣȻ쳯ĵӾ硣
ЦЦ绰Ҳ߽˵ˣֳãž쵼ͬھѾڵˣҲϱˣʮﺣԼֽ𣬾߶ӣˡ


174 ҷүүæ
ڶϡ
֣֪ҪΪʲôϱ˽ж֪ж𣿡
ң䣬㣬ЦЦ칫ңˣ˵ĸϰˣȫҹԼְš
ϴûôذɣȻϢûϱ֯Ҳɹƻһ𷷶Ӵ󡣡ЦЦһýְžͼˡ
һӣشİΪʲôϱǵӢ𣿡
Ҿ˵棬ǵϢǴӻҹģҪϱ֯˵ǹǵģ֯𣿡
ܳһ뿴һӻǳȥ
ҡͷԵ߳ţʱ紩žվأһǳ߹ʣôû°ɣ
˵һﹻܽƱģ˵·ǹȻϹ鿴˻ϼˡ
ˡ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ˣȥҹɡ
һôأ
û£ӣϳ£ȥҵҹϵڱġ仹е㲻ġ
ЦЦҡͷ㻹ûŪװµʺܶӣӳֲǲ֪ҪܿҪϲɣµȷΥ˾ԭ⡣
˻ЦЦĻҲεĵ˵ͷڵʵڲȥҰֹ˾ϰǡ
취ǡϳµļ߳˾֡
ģ˿飬ò׿ʼ죬ŵ찡˵Ͳ
磬ҷүүȥҲֻаϣλүүˡ
ϸүүµĵ绰˹ȥҪȥ˼ңԻܸˣѵַǡ
үүסڳɶһԭ̬ϵı
ڵĺֻܶǷѣǸͨС࣬űľҲûš
浽ľһЩɭżܼһ˵Сһɭ֣Смһܴĺ
Χźֻʮධǰյַһᣬҵˣߣ滹һܴԺӣԺͣһӵܳһ
Һߵſţûһᣬүүʹţүүһɫɽװһ۾ﻹһ𾭡
СһϽԼһ˵žָǽȥ
ҽȥһܿмһɳڷһЩֻװƷүүָɳ˵ȥݱ衣
үүæˣʵġҸоⷿүүǰԼ͸Сһ˵ʲôĶúܣȻүүܺͰʼոһ޵ѹ
û£ǹ裬ûеġүү˵óһܾµĲҶУûʲô֣ȻóһЩҶݸҺ硣
үүҲûм飬ҶһڣҲƷ裬оͦˬģũɽȪɡ
˾ͱˣСŪ㷹˳ԡ
ԺҲֱ˵үүʵе飬ġ
ҾͰԵȫ˷үүүүԺ˵ͷ˵û£С飬Ǿֳϲ£绰ˡ
õ˷үүĻشҲһ㣬Ȼ죬үүƽʱһڼңģҺҲǴ˺ܾá
ףˣͻȻС˽廹ǴһҺЦ˵СһѾ֪ˡ
ô֪ˣ
ôԲۣʮĺٶľ޿Ϊɶֳָڶ֪Ҳ湻ְġ¶ɳϣŶҺԱߡ
˵ڣȻȥ¡
ʣɶ°
˵ȻǾ֪ˡ
ʱСŪ˷˸ǳԣĲԹԺ˵ߣе£ǷүүҲûֻȥ档
ţԺеľ˵ɡ
Ҳֻżھô֮ģҺ˵С
忪治ǸǵģǰҲͷD￴ƯƣĻ棬ٶ쮵ر죬ڸʻģˡ
һƮݽһƮݣܿ˸·ĵʱ򣬴˳ɶиڵĹ㺺С
ڳϷҲ˵˴Ŀģһˮ˵׵ȦǮ


175 ˮ
һʼ˵ȥæˮǻΪײаء
˵Ҳǣԭүүƽʱ㻨ǮٵÿĻ˵ǣ˼ܳԺûǮˡ
Һ类ĻǮٶȸˣҪԼַʳ
ǵʿ϶ָˣԭ˵ǣһµĹʻһŵǮ
Ȼǿ˵㣬Ҳ˶٣Ǯ;һȦǮ׳ƿˮ
Ǹɵӣϱǰ첻֪ôˣ͵ҴʦҪԼϱ˵ºлʮȻҾϵˡ˵ԭ׼־һģ˵ÿζɣգ̫ˣοڣʹһˡ
ʵ˵ֻҪһɵʱ˵Ǵ֣ǮҲ̫ʺϣºԷǿ϶ġ
˵ƭǮ᲻᲻̫ð
Ͱһ˵㱿Щɶ¶ȥǲŽƭǮ汾µĺðɣʱŮҿˮأ׬˲Ŷԡ
ˮôҰ̾˿ںܶ˶ϲҷˮȥ񣬵ʵϾǧʱ䣬õĵضˣͷɽȥңҵ
㺺вǺܴ󣬱ȳɶС˲һ㣬忪ųǽһ֪ɽɽ㺺ܽɽкܶ
ɽˮа˵Щ˶ɵȱɽµʱѾҡͷɽĹɽʺϲˣرƬǷĹҲһѵķˮ֮ء
ҸҶԣЩ϶йĹģķˮĹ˷ѡ̾˿˵ϧԭլĵطլ壬˼ҲùŹ֡
ӣŶǰ㻹ǸſɿСƨһҲˡЦǺǵ˵㵹˵һ㣬¶ǾԵġ
ϸЩָŰɽıʡ
ۿһ£ȵ߰طһǸˡ
ɶߵģʱӾҲˣҲĿģɶ
͵㿴ɽĶһӣǴӶϴñɽסȻԽԽߣͻγˮַˮ֣ɛoˮ
ַˮֿסɽϵ˷ǸҲʺᣬᣬΪסĻҪϵԣطǺнķˮ֮С
ˮΪ꣬Ϊߣߣָɽɽ壬һҪ˵޵ķǲֱȡġ
û´ķӿ϶ͨ嶼ľģҷҪľΪʮֻľǶʯ֮УûľҲҪһʮϵľġ˵һȥȻıȻͿᣬܿľġ
ﲻỹסˣլլʺϣȻ֮ǰˣΪˮԣû׵أɸء˵ԺҲǺĵ˵ͷ
Һߵһǰǰͣ˸ָĺܶ߶ݳ׻ɫĵǻϣǻʱҲһ߽ܡ
˽зʮ꣬Ǹúϰ壬ǮڰͨԣԳɶֳָݹģ˳λʦ𣬻㣬ҪǺϤ
˵Ժ˾³ˣ³һӴŽһͷߵǰ˺ܸߣһװˣе㷢һɫɥ
˿ʮ꣬ߵǰһ΢΢üʣǸʲôģ
԰ɣǻƾֳѣҹġһǰƤЦӣһģ
ʱҲ߳һӣӴһɫװͷ֣˵ӭֳû뵽㻹ĸôԶ·ʧԶӭ
ӦþǷеĻƾֳˣƾֳȻڷԱ˵仰ɫҲ˺ܶ࣬ɻĿŷʣλǣ
æ˵ƾֳǰ˵Ҫ汾µᣬڳɶλСʦæصء
˵ͷû⣬ǿҺСΪǸëͷСӣҲû⣬˵лֳ⣬֮Ժ˵ȽȥԷɡ
ǽȥԺ󣬱ܴмһڵɫĹײģûһźܴĺܰƬߵͦƯҲʮ꣬ʡ
ôأҳŷʣе㲻ҵӣܵ˵ʳж
ܵİɡҡҡͷǾ߹ײһֻܿĶ
ʱ˵ĻǾȻƯԼĹײϷһƣԺһԺĵƮŻػꡣ
ҾԩģǰԹⲻؿеƾͻɷȻҲԩģﲢû㹻ɷ
˻Ϊɷ


176 ʬ
ҿƬ̣Щ˵˵Сֵܵʲô˼
ӦԩġҲܻ䣬з⡣
üͷһ˵˵ԼôĻ֪λҪ޵ģһӭҪǵҵĻͳ뿪
һⷽҲæ˵˶бµǻ汾µģǽƭӡʵǾֺü¼˳ְæȻ˵ˣԭɡ
ߡһŷǸƾֳȥһЩ˴кʶҺ²ˡ
ʲôߵԱСʡ
Ұҿԩ磬΢΢üС˵ˣˣҲûɶô
ʵҲģקĸһ
Һž͵Ի˵񣬵Ǯ˼Һ˿ɲһһڹײǰޣȻԱһƫƫˮȣ͸һһȺνĳɹʿżõԵģŸƱ˽̸
Һ練Ҳʶɶˣ͵ҺóԵģ˰죬оͦ泩ģϾŵҵʱҲ뿪
˷ĳҡҡͷ˵֪Ϊʲôܾ裬ˣⵥˡ
ǿɲһ巿˵ŵ϶⣬ӿϱԩˣɷڹײϷϴףкèʬ壬ϱñɷթʬ
Ǿ͵죬Ҫϱʬ̲Ǯһ˵ͷŸЦеĿɽµһݿ˷
ᣬÿʹɽµСûϻɶģļҺǰݵˮϯʱӭȥݼȻԺȣҶʮСʱȥ
ڣڷǰһ죬ˡ
ʱҹʮһɣҺ磬з˸մҹأڱſڵʱͻȻ¡һɽϣڱݾ£ر󣬰һ
ԭҹȵһСƾҲȻ޴棬һֽк˵ðڴˣģӣӣȥҪǮ
ļƻҲ˵ˣϱթʬǾȥͷ̸ãնǮʲôģ˵Ժٽֻթʬļһ
æ˾ɽϾȥһ·ɫ˵е㲻õĸо
ɶо˱죺˸ʬôԲۣ˵ͻȻһɲ
ôˣͿĿ죬һɲҺɳȥ
ǿָųǰʱѾܽˣ״Ҳ˿жʮ˰ɡ
Һæ³ǰ׵ĵطȻһˣܹȥһ˾ȻǷĹܼңһʮˣǰҺڷҿüΡ
ҶҡҡͷѾˣͻȻ˵ĲӸҿ˵㿴
ȻѪֱ͵ǸҧһģһϸһϹܼһҲǸɱģʬһ
뵽ˡӺܹ˵ʬթʬһͣ佩ʬġ
Ҷʬ֣Ҳ֪ܶʬʬΪ׵ԭ򣬵ǲǽʬʬγɣʬ֮ľʬػγɣҲҪʮʮ꣬һ־ʬֱӱ״ϡ
Ͻȥҿ˵ѼһﶼϣСĵ㣬ֻʬ϶ȼ͡
ҴӳǺɫıҲȡľŷܵ˷ң¥һ׿ԲοǱģмĹײѾˣмʬȻʧˡ
ǵһ£澹ȻʮˣȫˣЩ϶иֲͬˣ֮ġ
嵱ó˵绰ƾֳ绰ˣҸ߶ҪԱܣ࣬ԭ̵ֻǮû뵽ô顣
绰ֻʬġܹϵԮˣͷó绰
ʬոճ϶ᵽѪɱ˵ģӣȥȰ˶гȻһɽɽ̫Σˡ˵ӷҳһȶ˹
ڸʲôͻȻſڵķڵķ˽ָʣǰҼҸʲôˣܳ
ơҶȳ˳ȥվһȽϿտشطȴСʱҪˣҸϽְ
һȻܶ฻ĸС۶̴˳


177 Ľʬ
ʲô𰡣СӸ˵㣡
ôû˵أ
ʱȺֳһţһа˰ɣҲˣͦģҾͿ˵ҾǸһϷɽȥ
ɵXɡ
쵼˭Ҹ绰
֪Ұ˭Ұա
ҿȺһһëҪңһŸ˻ȥһ￴ʮ˾ɣԱ߻һʮҵӣƯ֣ҲкĻ䡣
֣ʵǣɽֻʬʮˣǰɽɽɽѵҲú˵ˣԼģҲʵˣܲϧԼСͿԼˡ
أ棬ܻطңʱһֵģΧ֪˵ɶȻƽʱɵģڻȽϿףóʮϸľʮʬĺ
ȻǸʬ϶ûиǽʬѪҲҪֹͨʬ䰡ϾǱʬɱģʬļʱһʬ߶ˣľסǺǵԹӺڷʬ䡣
˰СʱʮͿ˹˷ңƾֳҲˣֱ࣬ӿڵɽκοԵȥ
ƾֳصʬ壬ûιȥԼϽĵطһӹôˣɴñҲѱˣƾֳȽϵ䣬Ƿ忪˵Ұŵúð죬²㣬Ͼ참ѾվϽķΧˡ
ƾֳ˷Ļɫ͸תһȻͻƾֳһеĹ־ֳһǸʡУһǵؼУĻŬָ˹
Ȼ󾯲Ҳʼ˷ɽ˽ȥ뿪Ͼʬװͨ˵ģҲҹʮŲɷûʲôɷȵʱᷢƹ⣬ҰʮŷЩ졣
⽩ʬȻ϶ҲˡһͼɽϵĴͼ˵ȻͨԱԺˣҲҪ
⽩ʬôΣգƾֳɻĳŷʣָŵʮѾðײڵʬ˵ȻУЩʬȱ˳ȥЩý֪ˡ
ŷһֱùҺҲĵúܣҲе鿴ֳЩʬʹ򶷻˵Ǿ߽ʬ϶ֻ۽ʬҲ˵һȼĽʬ
ʵʵڻӡֲ̣ܿܶྯ춼ɽﵽѲҲ賿ĵܸϵʱһһţɽȴûκε˵ʵɽҲǺܴ󣬵ͷβ˸Ҳûͷ
ѲֻʬѾܵˣƾֳɻҡҡͷ˵ȷпܣҲпҵһ
ӣ̫ѨԱߵʣȻҷҪϱ֣˴ӡ
óһֽģ湴ճ˺ܶаʲôģظӣҿԺɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼֽݸ壬忴£Цҡҡͷ˵û뵽Ȼ㶼㲻ǸʬǶӵˣƾֳ˶йɣЩʬ˻س˰ɣȻҡ
治ˣƾֳɻʷ壬˵ͷ˽лǳ˰ɣ㲻ģһҵһһ㣬ôһɽҲġ
ֳİɡƾֳ˵ž˳ȥ粻ɫĸ˻ƾֳ棬˳ȥ
ӣȥЩʬźˣûУʬǵȻʬˡ岻֪ʲôʱķݸңùȥÿʬ嶼ˡ
ȳȥɡ岻ɷ˵İ˶˳ȥֻҺͷ档
壬㵽ɶ
ͻȻָǶʬȣ㻹
ǶʬûЦ˵װӣأ˵꣬ؾȻ˽ﶼһͳʬȥȻóǹ硣
ԭһʼǸҾȻʾֻʬǱϣԭ廹ɻ󣬵ʬԺ˹ʬȴ
ֻʬһʼͺ;ͻʼմˣ϶Ӳ³һʼװһʬ壬ֻЩ˰̧˳棬ʱɣ˭ץõ
ղŷҲûƣǳȥ׼ͺǹʲôʬ»ģҰ۽ʬȻҲûˮֵĵز
һʬȼûһʬ嶯ˣܿŵһɽζ


178 
Ƕʬ彥ıճ˻ҽյĺӺܶطŻˣûЩʬһ
ѲҲ´ˣСһ£ͻȻҸоһɺܲĸоָоͺһŨ̵²ָоΧѹֺơ
СģˣҴһľͻȻĵذһֻ־ʹӵ´Ƶذ˳
ǰ˵ˣķӶľģҲأԷʵһЩľ֧ţһֿռģû뵽ֻʬȻܵˡ
ֻʬָճץסҵȣȻק󣬱һקһûվȣˤ˵ϡ
һʬڴӵܳ治һĳ󣬻·õģڣ⣬ģӶˣϢҲŨܡ
һϾȻҲǵǸé®ʲôĶˣ˹Ҳţļ̌־ͳؿڴȥ
һµǴ˸ţȻû̴ֻǴһƤһףҸղžȻû䣬ܳҪûľʬֵǰ͸ͨľûɶ̫
ǲмĻˣҹϵԱһצһ¾ץԭɵĵطȻһ°ľذץϡãҺëˣҪץϣҹҲˡ
屾ҲԶҶ㿪ʱҲæˣһŷֻʬıϣȻȣ
˲ŷȼŰֻʬҲȼ
ҪһʬֹҲ͹ˣͨĽʬҲܲȥϾ˽ʬֻʬͬǱ׵ģ׵¶ȶߣѾЩͨķˣȼŻ棬һŰѷ߷˻ȥ
𣡡ֻʬһĻ澹ȻƤ棬徹Ȼָ˲١
ֻʬʶͺͨһӣסӣ󣡡óһѷ䣬һһŵڵϡ
ӣܳëܰӲҶá
ԭŻǼ쿴ֻʬĳܵûӰˣָǵġ
ӣסȥˡ忴ȻȻˤһԼײΣգܳȥҾԮˣҸж档
ۣȻǶסֻʬ֪ΪëҳñȽ˧Ҳ׷磬׷Ҵô
ãʵֻʬûôͣ˵ûȻ˶ǰ۽ʬ͸Ҷʮ껹Ǹ˿ʮͿ˺һȫһġ
⽩ʬͻҶģżһаҲǿסһ˴ӣ۵ͿܲˣǴ𣺡ӣҽ
磬Ұ㡣һϣ÷ڳһ̫ͼм仹һֱԲοյأӦþ󷨵ĵġ
ֻʬԭ׷ҽţҾмܣܵмԺ󣬻ͷһǸʬȻվԶԶģûҪ󷨵˼
Ҿ͸һ˵ĶˣѲһ壿
⽩ʬǻۿɲͣľû취ֻаˣ
ȥԴҲ㣬һҵؿץһʵʵϣһ£͸Сǿԣ͸һȥһ㷴ӦҲûС
ؿڵһץ˸ţҸоؿһͷһؿھȻѪһץĿӣһоڵˣŵתܣҽ
ͷһûǽʬ׷첻ŪͲвһûƤĽʬǽڣôôˡ
ٶҲȸղſ˺ܶ࣬ؿˣоڷѪе̫ˣԺһӾͱڵϣֻʬ
ʱԭΪˣֻʬצҵĲԽԽҶȥҪҪҰ޳Ҫµˣǧһ֮ڴ޼Ǭ跨뷣
ͻȻķ˲ȫֻʬϣʵʵİȻ¡¡һ죬ЩȫըˣʱܽҶ䶼һֻۣʬʹĲҽ
ﰵˬпſޱȣ϶⽩ʬġ


179 صĹײ
һ˧õҴֵĻӾЧܸʮ֣ô
ҳֻʬȥʬҪûˣҲǱòƲǸ⣬źѪµΡ
𣿡ҿʬվԭزûʲôסؿڵʹؿڣֳԼվ
𣡡ͻȻֻʬϻƵĺɫɷȻһȫ
ܳˣܵұϣҾϣҾܣǵſڵʱֻʬҲعˣ˹
ʬٶر죬ۿҪǰˣͻȻǰ˶ʮˣﶼźǹʵǶʮҲֱǾ߽ʬ
Һ翴Щ˹ˣҲûˣ米ҶĵĿʮ˹ǷģԲͨıӦִӵġ
ʮ˽ȥԺǹͳֻʬɨȻֻʬʮԶǹɨǲд󣬶Щⲫ
ԭҺ绹ͦǶʮĵģϾǽʬһù漣ʮʬʱûк£ûɡ
ȻսЩƴ򲻹ʬʮǵֶζܺãرĬʬץסһҪҧʱԱ߾ͻסʬ򦡣
һȥʬȻòܻ֣翴߶ܳȺ͡
ȻˣȺǾִӵľӢִ·˲ŸϹæġʱһݵģ󻹸һѵľԱ
Ⱥ˵ֶβǵһζԸʬ˲Ŷԣرÿοֻʬҧ˵ֶΣ¯ġŤͷʡ
Ÿ̵˵ͷԱС˵˿ǾӵУΪǾϵͳжԸֵķ񲻷кܶ¼˼еǱ£˵ǰһ֧ӻץһֻ۽ʬùҸǽʬ˵ˡ
ҶԹ֣ԣӦ˵ҵ쵼˶նԸЩֵİ취Ȼ˯ȡ
ܿǶʮȻһóһһܳӣһצЩѽʬùֱӾˣȻǴȣСȣǽڣֱۣȫסֻʬ
ʮҺһĽץΪӦһ簡Һ磬
ЩʮѽʬйؽڸȻɵľͰѽʬЩһʬģŵɫϣֱŻ
ֳǵˣûĻֻʬؾǴһ˸ŷʾ쵼
˵ͷ˵ţû鷳ͬ־ˡ
Ϊ񡣡ĺһЦ͸ڼкһȻתȵ̧ߣ
ʮҲҴȥҲҴңʮ̧ŽʬһԱ߻ʮԭֹʮˣʮˣرȻһߺɫѪײģײкܶӰţΧʮվڿվڣĶ߹ײġ
ײӦװ˲õĶﰵһȻ棬Ҳ֪ҲʣرЩϵĻܡ
Щ˿뿪ԺǸƾֳŹƺҲҵ˿ˣмҽǼҽ˵û˵࣬Ȼ˿ͦ󣬵ƤˣֹѪԺûˡ
ŪЩѾ賿ĵˣҷ忪ɽߣڳϣоؿڻеۣͻȻ뵽廹ûأҾʣ壬أȻᵽһȥҹ
ˣ̫ãͱ֪Ȼ͸ղ֧ӻؾȥˣûǻزġЦ嵹ùܸһ
ղǹײ浽ʲôҺĳ巿ʡ
ٺһЦ˵Ҳûɶǰʱر߾˸۽ʬȺһȥץ£Ǽһﲻɻִ³ץһֱˮ·ⲻ͸պ·ɶô
۽ʬҵһ۽ʬôˣ۽ʬȰ۽ʬ߳ȼҪҺһҲˣȺ湻ģȻץ۽ʬ
忴뷨һ˵οɲǾӣĻҲ˲ץסֻʬȻʮûܻˡ


180 ¹ɽ
Ȼﾪǹײɶ£һ仰զ˵ţԽԽ󣬵ӦĲǻоԽСԽСô
˱ſڣȥ˸ط˵ҹȻؿڻͦ۵ģƤˡ
صʱ賿ĵˣˣڴϣŵ绰ĵģͻȻ˺˼ĵ绰룬ôûϵˣǵô绰զ
绰ȥܿͨˣǱ߹˴ŶʮŽӵĵ绰һӾʹ˼Եģеĵǲǣ賿ĵ绰˯ܳүġ
֪ΪʲôȻ˼ңůůģѵڷǰɣҺٺһЦŵ绰˵㣬ô
£ѧУˣÿ˻ˣ֪һȥģأɵô˼ŹǷҡ
ҿ컨壬ٺһЦ˵ҹúõúܣǰһղִһֻ۽ʬǲ֪ǽʬжͣ
İ˵˵˼˹ȻǸ椣һᵽʬʱ˯ȫһӵҽҾͿʼ뿪ѧУ֮һһεĸ˺˼
һֱ˵賿㣬˼˵ˣˣ˯´ʱɶӣ˳㿴
С˵Ժ˼͹Ҷ˵绰ŵ绰˻˼һ°˹̹Ϊʲôе֮ȵѧ󣬸˯һžȻ߿ˡ
ΰ£ŵҲ̫ˣҴŸôӴҲ֪˭߿ţһȻǷ壬ʱڴ·Ҵ𣺡Ͻ·Ǹӳˣ죡ԺתȥҶˡ
˰죬ԣǰɣôôȻﾪôͻȻˣһæҵľҺɫı·кܶ࣬İ˲١
ʰܳţҲһŵ˳˵˵ϻߣ
˵ǰ¥Һ绹˵ɶڷ屳¥Ժ˳忪žˢһ¾ͳ˳ȥ澹Ȼ쭵һٶ๫ʱ٣ŵҺɫɷף˵ˡ
֪û˵ɶǰҲڽ͵¹ɽµģǾ߽ʬܳˣ
ô£ôܳأ羪ȵѯʣ忪˵¹ɽǵطаȻ͸Һ
йȺɽ򣬶ɽҲЩɽǺȻа֡
кܶɽɽϾиɽ֣ǰȥǸɽһɽ
¹ɽϸ͵ʱ˲֪ҪԭΪһ޸ٹ·¡
޽ٹ·ʵҲҪˮģҪطʲʺϹ֮ģʱ·޵¹ɽһߵ¹ɽͲ󣬶ʮʱһɽ͵аɽ˴򶴣С
ʱ⽨ӿһȺȵˣͷҲʮ꣬ʱ·еǼɽɽ´ָǴ򶴣ʱͷľͲķԣӲҪ򶴡
ʼļ컹ûɶ⣬ʮͳˣӵĺܶ˾ȻʼãŧѪȥҽԺҲûнҽԺ鲻ʲôԭ
ʱһϵ˸ͷĽ˵ǻаɣˡ
ͷǸƢ㲻ôɣƫҪôɣ˵Ҽڡ
Σ˼漸õõתû˵ֲֹˣܶ˶ΪԼˣֱɽм䣬ʱɽ澹Ȼڳһʯ
ʯףǵһΩΩФģ͸һʱܶ˺滹ȥһ£ӻΪԼڵ˱˵Ҫء
ʱ֮ܲǰǸ˵ԺҹϹӵ˵ɽɽ
ʵɽһأܶද˾ɽʱˣͻΪɽ񣬶аɽɽȻǸа
ܶ˲ţ˵⽨ţֱӸѺɳˡ
ʱҪ˵˵ʲôģ˼Ҿ͸㵱ţҪ˵㲻ĻϾͻһ⽨ŵ˵ҪһʹͷҲе㲻ˣǻģϧǸͷû
ϣǸʯ־ȻȫŧˣӪ洫ֺУܶ˶ΪʧѪֱˣʱǸͷĶŻˣӻһ˵ֶûˣķ֮һʧѪ࣬ʹ⽨ӵͷæȥɳæ


181 üϹ
ʱڣҪڵҸҸ棬㻹ҹҪҵĻŹ֣ʱԾΪΪΣûںЩϸڡ
͸ͷ˻صӪأ廯ŧʹ಻ܶҧԾġ
ҽԺ˺ܶҽ޳æóɰκźڹѪŪһ裬ЩֱۻŧûϾһá
ʵЩɷ壬ʱǸʯӦǳɷŶԣЩͨȥϣЩɷһȻܲɷֱ𽥻ŧʧ
úڹѪɰЩһãʱֱð̣ŧͣϧֱ۱õˡ
æԺͷľڸô죿ǲǲˣƿǣ
ҡҡͷһǹˣ˵Ѿ˴ľôͣ˷˹ҵǮƣ
ͷ˵ȥʲôһչһС
ȻҲмҵģʱӺҲŸճɣͷæͷǣ˵ʲôһæչһС
źЦ߽УԼһУ˭Ҳ֪ȥԺʲô
ͷ˽ȥͷǸѾʧȥ˺Ա߻Ѫдĸ֣ѷ⡣
ʱԱߵľڵϣϻһͼ˵Ƿӡɽֵ󷨣ͷһңǸӡ档
귿˵ԺвȻһΪΪкβɣͻȻоԼͦСġ
ʵİɣ򲻹Ҳ϶ܻɻ
˵ͷ˵õǰǬӡģλһͨˣ֪ΪʲôһΪ۵ķӡ
ʱźܶ˶֪Ӱ첻ãͳҥˣطҲǾֹĴţ翪пһЩŰµĹꡣҡҡͷ˵ϾаɽֻʬܳӦҲԭɣط̫аˣǽʬͺֲܿƾ˵صǸײĵķӡ
Ǵأû𣿡ҽʣ۽ʬô᲻Σأ
ҡҡͷ˵İɣСӵıúܣ۽ʬһ֣ϢҲҵģʵϣҵɽӳˡ
绰˵ʬӳ׼ѽʬӡģͻȻһӰסӰһᣬֻʬҧģûˣǽʬɽ棬ıûУԸʬһһٺһЦ
˵˰죬ҲѾ΢΢ʱǲŸϵǸ¹ɽ¹ɽڴʱѾЩĳǹס·ڣǰҲѾ³ˣЩĶ˹Զͱˣǰ泵̫ࡣ
æ˳˹ȥѯôʱĸÿڶѾʮ˰أĿĲֹǲóҪǲýʬܳ
ǵʱڵȴˣһ·߻߸ðײʬ壬̾˿ĬĬΪȺ¾
ôˣһͽѯɫ˫ֱأ˵Ѿ֪ͨˣ¼СҲڸϹǲУһطͨͷۣڽͨҪܳʱ䲻ùҲ֪ͨշվ˻·ˡ
ͷʹĻ澹ȻĲֹȻкܶӰ˵Сҧ˵ֻеˡ
ͻȻǼӣӣҲ
߹ȥóһ̨ʼǱԣ½㿪һʼ˵ҸղȥҲϣɽֲ򵥡
һʼϵϢһüϹ֡
ǰҾͿʼҪƹ֣ⷽʹаȻЩʷαǲеģܶطռһΪ֡
üϹ־ǵһֻħʵѾҰȫֵܾǼڲᣬıȥǱ˵ˡ
˵üϹʵ㲻ģʼϵļأüϹԭǸͨСҲ͸е־ѣ㲻ʲô֣һʱ֣ϾɱһҾ徵˼䱯硣


182 Ͼɱ
ҪһһǸĸ֣ԼʹԣȻһɵֻ϶ģֵһԶ̫⡣
ڶҲԹһҪǴһԹɷĵطܿͻᱻɷ˵⣬Ȼ׶ħħȻ󣬵ħԺܸߣಢơ
üϹ־һֻ֣ԭϾһֻСϾɱʱסĵطպþ˶£ʱϾԹ죬Ƴ겻ɢ̫ˣСҲѬȾԹΪʳסڵԹ˶ѡ
üϹ־ǣһ¾ͳ¾ͳħʵֹкܶ࣬ݵʱļأʱϾʮħ
ȻЩħа࣬źҪɱˣѾ˵ʶҲԼĹڱձռ
Щħɱձˣʱձ˱ɱϢʵǸɵģ񵳣˶ģʱϾ˶ѣĸɵҪȥɱձˣ
ֻǺʷб˼أһЩʿĹˣüϹֵʱɱ˺ܶձˣԽԽ󣬺ձǹҵʦ
ʱȻڴ̣ʵǲй˵ģϾֵ͸ͷʨ̲ˡ
Щʦһɱ˺üֻħɱ˼ֻĺҳˣ̫ү̫үһŭ֮´ɱ˹ձʦɱƹüձĸ߼Ա̫ү˳ժԴ
˵ʱϾħɣԹ۵һز֮Щͨ˶ܿЩħ˶ҳš
һβҵʷǧֹϾɱձˡ
һֹϾصħʼձ˹
ձʦͷȰҲձ˵һͶйȻֻǸħͶ
̫үǲ飬˱ˡ
˵ƫˣüϹҲǼѣʼʮħձʦˡ
ձͶ˳йüϹ̫󣬿ʼɱƽ󱻹Χ׷ɱȴڳɶһʧټ
żϵԺҶιȥˣԵģǲߴˣĺݽɫ
˰ɣ°˵ʵɽͱ˶ˣǰͲ²ǻüϹֱ֣˷ӡû˹ˣ
Ĵħжʣü˵жٰգ
Ĭһ²˵ӡôãϻҲèˣҪǿ۵߷ֵİһܣĻҾû취ˣʮָʵ϶һ
š˵ͷ˵ȥѶڷסȻ⿿Ⱥֱһܿס
˵óһЩīڵϻεı֣Һ˵ģȽȥлᣬһʱỹ
šҲȷʵˣҺ߻سϣ˯Ҳ֪˯˶ã˯ͦģǱҡѵġ
ҡҵ磬ݹ˵ϽԣȻжˡ
ҽӹڵİӣųһŵ۾ɳˣ澹Ȼܶˣǹʵڹ·߾磬Ǿ
Һ³ԺҲͷںһȺʲôȺ˺ͨ˲һʺܲͬ
ЩӦöеĴŻɫеĴзҪộҪôǷľʱվڷʹԱ˵ء
ͷƣ߹ȥʣ壬ôˣûɶ°ɣ
ҡҡͷʾû£ָȺ˵ӣ⼸λǸظæ¼Сĵѡ
ҵ˵ͷһˣҽһ£Ƿֱ󡢸߰ɡ
ݸ߸ߵģʮɣһݺܻƣϸƻΪǽء
ͷͦģӦǶʮˣһŰľһɫۡ
һװʮɣŸ۾Ҫ̣˻Ϊĳ˾ľӢء
߰һӣʮ꣬һɫT滹һAΡ
ɿʮ˾Űɣһľذס
Ժظ˵εжΣգȾһ£˳üҲû˻ָλġ
ʵ˵Ҿͱȥˣ˿Ȼ綼һģû˼֡


183 
忴Ǽ˶û˿ڣĵ˵ͷóֽݸ߸ˣ˵ȻûôȥдɣȻдҪ˭Ļ룬ߵ֮ǰңȻǾж
壬İдİҿֽʱͺ˵ΣգʵʱﻹоôͻȻݸһֽдָо浰ۣһʮҰ
ҽӹֽҸоʱɫ϶ѿҲ࣬ˣɫӵúܣҲûһ˿˵Ҫ˳ԼŸʣߵһ΢ĵط
ĬĬ˼дɲдģԼķʲô⣬ԼǰҪ˵ĻŵӾЩ˵һѣҪ˿˹ûеӾɫôǿġ
ʿʼд
裬Բ𡭡
ҿʼдԼСĻʲôȫ˵ˣ˵лһĻддԼ˳źԼĸ״Сһ𳤴һ˰಻װˣǡ
ҲȥͻȻ˳ȻڵжΣǰҶ¼ָ鶼Ǳһֺ棬ν̬ڸɵġ
ΣգˣҶԼңͻȻҺˣҪô죿к˼ô죿
뵽⣬һҧץ˺˸ϡãҲԶɫҲܵ䣬˺ֵʣӣɶأ˰
ҲģҸҪдܳҼᶨ˵ҡҡͷ˵һأ
һûһӲдҲдͿ϶д˾Ǳһ̬ˡ
Ĭһ£һҧҲǵͷ˵ҲдԵģɶⰡ˵Ҳ˺ˡ
ȻҪһЩ׼ҿ˿ÿţȻڻˣҵ壬ҪһС޺ڹѪڹѪ֮ؼʱܱġ
СĵİѺڹѪŽҵıľĬĬȴʱúܿ죬һת۾͵ߵӣ忴˿˵ˣߵˣȥ·Ȼж
Ȼǲܴŵۻ߾ȥģȻ磬ڽĻһЧûС
ǻһսǵӰֲӾģһɫװͷ滹ֵͲ
·Ƿҵͷһؿںͺ󱳾ȻԼķ䡣
·ͦģȺҲľذףһС޺ڹѪҲؿڵλãҺɫı¾㱸
Ϊӳ崩һս͸ʿһΪӳϣǾָӣȻ˺иϼ͸طû⡣
ǣսһţ͸ִʿһ
һᣬû⡣
ͷֵͲҼоֵͲľǰæֵͲĺ档
ʱر죬ϾһȺȻսľһĻ
ƹҰĵģֻǾŸ˵ĽŲ
ܳһֱʮӴһ˵ԭϢӡ
ҲǱ۵òˣұһլУȻھУѵһֱٱʮӻ۵ùǺҲ࣬͸˵ˡ
еֱڵϴڴһ㶼ȥһţΣա
ȻǶϢһǹ۲Χû澹ȻƮ޵ĺҲɷ
ϢӣҲоˣľΧһȦСǰߡ
һСᣬڿ֮ǰװŹײĵĻˣԱ߻ͣʮͣźܻңȻʱʬͻȻܳ˶ֲ
ԭؽ䱸ֻʬͣԺС˵
Ǹĵ˵ͷָһֶӣָŹ·˵Ǳߡ
ٹ·м䶼кܶߵͨģʱ߾һģͦɭһͨ
Сһ㣬ǰ档ľǰߣҲ˷嵽ԱС˵ǺڹѪȽȻסȥ
ҵ˵ͷұҪһƿڹѪ㣬ڶƿڹѪƿǣûȥ
պʹﴫһŨҵζܵҲ³ȥ
һΪĵĺڹѪͷ۵ʱͻȻǰĴͻͷ󺰣Сģ


184 
徹Ȼǳ˵ģҵʱó˺ڹѪȣڶ棬ԭΪͻȫء
һûعͻȻҼ߾͸оʲôץסңקľԭһܸһµģץסҼֱۺ͸ǯһץҼۣŪҸ첲
ȥүġĬһ»ͷͰѺڹѪ˳ȥ
ҸպûͷҲˣ⽩ʬȻһɫĻӣҪʷʦѧʦĿεĻǰӦǸ׹ݲŶԡ
ǵĳ൹ǺӢӰĸӽӽɫϣŴ۾ɫ˵ģҪǰҿǸøĵİ۽ʬĻҹƻñӡ
ұϾ⽩ʬһںڹѪҲһӾµϣ˲Ͼð̣ʬҲʹĺһ¡
Ƕôֻ֣ҪаᱻڹѪƣ޹صȼ⣬͸书ٸҲ²˵ǲһ
ʬһ£ǰǸû¹ˮأôһ£ˣϵˣ۵亹ˣϾи
ݵò񣡡͸һԱһƴֻʬĶͷĵú˺ü
𣡡ֻʬһϵƸʤϵָ׳Ļź⣬֪϶ޱȡ
ľһľͷɫâľʬͷһֻʬ÷ףڵϹ˺üȦ
ͣ˿
ңͻȻִһ˵ĺתͷһȻһֻף׵ػɫ֪ʲôط˳һھҧؿڣ
ҲսҧתͷͿٶ죬˱ӴŵûûعأҧԶŻعһĴ޼¡
ҲͶԶԶˣȻһͨ
ȥˣסֻ۽ʬε۽ʬܵķ׷ȥ
һߣԭѹŴ۽ʬͻȻֿ֮ʼǸи߰ļһվԶԶģһ²ؼ߸߹ģ
ûпӦ͵óսͷָˡ
ҿ϶Ǵ򲻹۽ʬģ۽ʬ򲻹ġ
Ǹһֻһذ侲Ŀ˵ֻʬͽˣסһӦûġ
˵ͳȥֻʬҵʱо߯˧ˣ˧˧򲻴ùһˡ
ԭİٱӣΪǸأȥֻ۽ʬž͸˻ҡҡͷǿס
СΪϮ㱴үʬһĿǣ
ү飬ؾǵģΪηû˵ٻȺһʼ⽩ʬؾǵġ
ߣһȺ֮ˡʬһһɷĵҼһвı죬֪ǲͨˣһٶǣҪٿƣҷˣɱ䣡
Ǹһ⽩ʬ˵һŭ⣬Ҫ˵ҿ϶ú⽩ʬæסԴ롣
ҾЦеĳ⽩ʬ˵үʵǵʥ֪ڻҪһ档
Ҳ֪ⱴүĳˣֻ˵ʥˣҼǵǰĳѧƵ˵ЩŴĻעЩλ𱰡
ԭһһʬʱģû뵽ⱴүȻɱŭԭһֵ߹Ҷһֻԭҵ췴𣿼ȻһֵˣǾͱҲˡ
ҲȻҸͣʬһצץһٶر죬תۼҪǰˣҵʱĶᵽɤˡ
ҵʱɵˣ⽩ʬٶʵ̫ˣҸûüܣʲô
ʱҾ͸о߱һײԱߵȥŤͷһȻ磬֪Ѿҵǰüֻʬ̾һۿֻʬ˵Ȼ㲻飬Ǿ⽩ʬʲô£
磬ˣҿͻȻһӱ¸ҵ磬оô˸һҲкܴĲͬô˵أ
𡣡⽩ʬʱͷңҲɢһѱ˵ϢľٵĿʼ׾˵ͽܿɲֻҵ㿴ˮĻ


185 Ԫ
޼Ǭ跨ԪʣһֵľԺͻȻҾͿȻԪˡ
ԪҲ꣬ǳ壬ͳһЩǱųϲһԪʵһֵҺܸ߼ķ
ǳսΪǺܴǾʹˣǴֻǴ󲿷˶ѣʵܶӲˣа֣һͿԻǳϣԻǺ͹ֶ
Ϊĳſǳ֣ǳԺ͵ˣǼһһΪأæ˵ţԪˡ
ԺﾹȻҲһľŽʬȥʬļ̌־ҪԪϵĺôˣľ͸˽ʬֱֱۣ˽ʬԴϡ
ֻԻ˺˻ΪʬûǾûˣ
϶ԽʬЧãʬʬǣʬҲģѾΪһ壬ֻҪʬͻɢͶ̥תĻᡣ
ⱴүȻҲ⣬ľȥ۵ÿһץȥһôõأ
һһֻʬϣһʼֻʬᾫӵķӣ⽩ʬ鵹ڵϳ鴤
ԪϣһˣϽȻܻ֮վɫ԰׵ˣվʱ򻹲ˤˣҲҵĳɣҡҡλεܵ˽ʬԱóһźڽʬͷȻǺʬ
һʬȻҲûˣԺ۾һգһæŴ󺰣ŸʲôϽȥ߰ȥ⽩ʬŽײ棬Ȼϴʬڹײ⣬ֹʬ
微İҲΧϾˣʱҲǸղűֻʬһ¶ѣûɶˡ
ʵղôͻȻһӱأҺСһ𳤴ǴһӳļһһԸ˽⣬ղžҲǻס⽩ʬһѣôʰ
ϾԪϿҪðһյģôͻȻô¸أ
˻ᣬҲûͨҡҡͷҵϰ벻ͨͲ룬ûҪԼŪôգ˴ʮӡ
һͷһѪܵ˻ˣѪܵ˾æվǰ鿴
ҡҡͷ˵ѾˡǿȥȻѾˣϾ˭Ҳ֪һ˭
ŴʣǸأҲûץ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ֲ򵥣ʵѾָ˺ܶˣɽ˺ܶĶһʱץˣ׷ʱҲѾˣҪˣĻͿ϶ͣһʱģû취Ҳס
˵ͷеε˵Ǿû취ˣ汨ɣץȺɡ
ҲǾ߹ײѾʬѾѽʬץ˵ţȥɣֻ۽ʬѾץˡ
ͻȻʣǻи۽ʬô죿
˵Ժ߰ɫѿʵڲΣյĵطȥˣôһϢ
ղ׷֮ˣ˳־͸ˡ˵ͦ赭дģҵ˵ͷҲԣƾŴʵǸ۽ʬҲˣڴ˵˳ֵ顣
ǿװźɫײĵĿǽʵҲһСʱңҸоˣ֮ǰֻ۽ʬץסļڻۣؿ֮ǰ˿Ҳˡ
˻״̬Ǹ͸߰һ뿪ˣɺҴ˸к뿪ģǲΣղֻ֪ˡ
ѶҲͦҵģҲˡ
Ҳһʮľ쿪Һع㺺еıϢǽкܶĹҪء
ڰ·Ҳ˹ѹ֮˻л㱵ģʣȻ統ʱΪʲôͻȻʵӣҲû˵
ص˱ԺǾ˵ллҾͱ¥䣬Ūϴ֮úϢҾתˡ
صԼ䣬Ž飬̾ǧرҲûˣҼ֮ܶ࣬ǰڷʮҲûɶоΪǶûϵ
֮ǰϾһĹ죬Ȼ㲻ѣҲʶͻȻôˣҡҡͷˣ˯ɣѲƶ


186 С
ڴϺúõ˯һ֮ǰ£Ȼ油˯˯ûۣϱϻˣһֱ˯˵ڶԺ𴲡
Ժߵſڣţţ˿㲵ĺܣɫܲ԰ף߽ȥ˻ᣬ㳶һᣬ˵ӣǵȻͻسɶϵʱҲҴ绰ˣ˵ԼȥǻкܶҪ
һһʰһ¶ʵҲûɶϴ·ûУҾͱװŷıͺ뿪㺺С
ȻصɶԺѾˣҸ߻򸣴ã߻ؼ£ó绰ȥܿ绰ͽͨˣǱͦ˵ģңӣɶأ
°ûһȥȾ¡ҴŹǷʣˣǼûɣ
϶û֪Сҵʲôϵֳǰأˣû֤ˣˣʵңСӱʲôõطȥˡʮΪҸˡ
ұˣһ£ȡ֤ûиأô͸ҵأҺֳһᣬ˵ʱһȾƣȻ͹Ҷϵ绰ȥ
ܿͽ˵绰֪ӦúæҾû˵ϻֱ˵壬ôõأȡ֤Ĺƨɶûء
֪һһ˵үӰŵģ˵ʲôȡ֤̫Сˣȥ¼Сˡ
ɶ¼С飿һ£ʵɶôҲû¼Сˣ˵һеͬôҲݷһµġ
ɻͽ˵ɶ¼СȽ⣬ʵڳɶȻС飬ûгԱΪһ¼ͲҪôһС飬ǰļõˣǳɶ¼СһԱ
أʡ
СӸɽɵĲʱطֱȥǾҾֳ⻹æͲ˵ˡ˵귿͹Ҷ˵绰
ϵʱҲǾϢˣڶһˡ
һڼŪ˵ԺҾܵˣȻҲȥǰ¥ֱ¥ھֳſţһᣬֳʹţǾֳһң쳣飬ҽȥ꺮ů˰졣
ҲʣֳҪʲôطأƽʱɵɶأ
ֳԺЦеһݺͬǰ˵»ͬ־¼Сϣкͬϸ˵ʱֳɫҲ¶ɫ
ҵ˵ͷͬһ̫ͬӣǣͬҲ̫ˣԭ¼СԱȻôá
һǽ¼С˳ԺͲھˣֱӹץֹܣͬдˣ¼СĳԱ£ֻҪһ̶ȵĿˡ
¼СĳԱСĴɱˣʶҲҪίгȳίʮʮͬſץ¼СԱ
ȨҲһѣܶΥɻԭ⣬ֻҪ¼СͿԵõȨ
ϸһ˼Ҳ˼֣ȫصĸ¼ǻץµȴ֮٣ǼҪ£ⷽ˲ţÿһ˵Ǳ׵Ĵ
ֻҪǷ˺ܴ鶼涵ţԼһΣյʱɱˣһںͬϰֵֽдţʡȨɡ
ûйʵģǱ³ԱһʹöʮϳԱӡ
ֳͬҲҿɻĳžֳȻǲܵڱģһôҲףõپҪʧȥ٣ͬȻڱһҲͷۡ
ֳҲϺ꣬һҵӾ֪ʲôһЦ˵治һ𣿲ʲôҪ֯š
ͻȻ뵽˵ʱǰˣ֪ɽΣأȴûһ뿪һԭ򣬾ֳ¶ɵӣϽ˵룬̫ƽʢģôΣհҸ㣬ЩǵĺɫӵҲǴԴҪ¼С飬û汾ǲý߲´ϸָꡣ
ֳ˼Բˣô˶лỹԥʲôֳ֮֮ǰô飬ڻȰ˵ңȻҲΪҽ¼С϶Ц£ôãҪǩSBأҾдҵĴ


187 ɽ
ǩԼԺֳСİݺͬŽȻ˵ӭ»ͬ־ԺǾֵĹҪ֧֡
ҵİ칫ңѯʵ
ֳھֳԱ߸ڳһʮƽİ칫ңԴһСҵİ칫ңɳƤģһششĴá
Լ칫ңĵĿŵϷУУĵʵϹô٣ôཀྵʬħ¼Сץ¼С˸Σ棬ʱŻȥ
ʱҰ칫žͱֱƿˣŶûãҲ֪˭ˣ̧ͷһȻ磬紩Žһ࣬Ժ۲Ŀҵİ칫ңڵԲˣ칫ˬҲɣҲҪС顣
ҺٺһЦ˵ҪǸֳ˵һ£϶ǰҲ˵СĳԱôҼǾֳͷϣԺٵÿ϶ش
ҡҡͷ˵Уú˵ҲǿЦͲңֱȥҾֳˣʣϰɶеˣ
û¾Ͳôǲ֪紵ɹ࡭绹׼˵Ҿ˵𳶵ˣʲô£
˼ˡ
ɶһҲڿЦ˵ϷɻҴ˸绰ⲻ˸һȥô
ǻʲôܳ˹֣ľŻͱȥ
ĵʱҲŵĻһ¾ܵھͿһӰվڳأǺ˼С椡
С椴ʱһɫףһţп㣬ͷͷЦľܵ˺˼ǰ˵㣬զأҲǰк
˼˿ͦݵģ˵ѧУģٹ¡
ҺٺٵЦ
ˣ㣬ȥסĵط˵ɡź˼糵ߣϳԺպţ˼Ͷ˵ӣʵæġ
Ұæ£ʶ˵ɶֱ˵£ôɶ
ȥһɽ˼˵
ɽɶطʣȥǸʲô
˼˵ϢҸھɽȥ
УȥҺԥĵͷʣɽɶط
ǰ濪ʱҲڽ͵ɽڹݶϲһƫԶСɽ򣬲ܷܶ˻¹ƣʱ˳Ϊ置ʥء
˼˵ͷһ£ǳ˵ҲҸһֱȥȥɴģұȥ
ôһˣ˵ʹôֵʣ˼ҧ˵ǰҲҪ
Ȼһ椣ȻȻֺ֧˼ˣʣʲôʱȥ
ɣϺúϢһ£ȻҸȻпֻܲһˣҪСһС
ź˼صңȥ¥³˸ź˼˺ܾã˼޾ɵģû˼һ
֪ǵء
ڶĺ磬Ѻ˼ԺҾʰȻǸɽʲôʥأҵķľ϶ҪϵģȻִǧǮȻ¼СԱҵ֤鶼ûǵûԼǮ
ֳ˸绰ԭٵģֳ˵ڲǾֵˣжɵģֻҪʱϽϻˡ
ֺ˸кȻʹź˼һȥƱˡ
ŷɻ˹УȻִǭ嶱ݿȥȵǭ嶱ԺҺͺ˼˸ùסһϣڶһִɽء
ɽصʱѾˣҺͺ˼³ԺͿǴװĹһȻûлױ걬ЩӣϲЦҺͺ˼΢Ц
سͦģ·Ҳѯʹ˼ˣ֪ɽ֪ʲôطΣس˸΢ùסˣȻûϢǾֻоˣطܲεİɣ϶ʲôĿģֻҪֳ㶯سҲôƨطļҹ˹ƶΪЩ̫̫Ļ⡣
ڶҺͺ˼ùʵĵ㣬ҾͽȥҸξ棬һɽԶһ׹ɽɽȽϳξ㣬Һͺ˼һ£ȥ׹ɽ漸졣


188 
ɽסİٷ֮ʮ壬Ǵ·ѾʮֺˣֹɽطֻһЩɽһЩɽ廹ᱣϰߺϰס
׹ɽΨһξկ
Һͺ˼ҲûҵΣһ£կʵͦģҪΡ
ұǺɫıһɫ˶ʹź˼һɽˣ׹ɽʵͦߵģҴС쳤Ȼųɽǣʵûʲôɽշ壬ǰɽ治ࡣ
׹ɽûˮ·ʯͷһһһɽ·ɽ·ߣر׹ɽ·޵òǺܺõɽ·һɽһ·̣۵ġ
Ǻ˼ģһģĵӵʱߵ˱ʵկ
ʵկһһٶ໧˿ڵկӣɽһξ㡣
ȫľͷģż߶ĴǴɫΣԱ߻иСˮأŮϴѣֵģ۾ֱˣƯ
ǰ˵ˣĹﶼǺʵģһ׻ģˮˡ
Һͺ˼߽կ˳ӭˣҪǺžơ
žկϰףԶ˿˾ͻó˺ȵġ
ҺƣӦԼģͦúȵģƾҲҪط漸죬ҾһϺ壬ûùݰ
˼һ˵ôùأ
̧ͷһҲԣǸϺʮ꣬޵ķΣŸ̸ˣһ˵СӣûЩ˵⣬Ҫס޵ĻȥϺסǼҴ󡣡
лˡӦסЩ˼档
ϺҺͺ˼ߣһһ߸ҽķס
ҺϺһĵ֪ϺȻǸˣҾֵʣϺǺôկסأ
ϺɫԵ˵СӣҸ㰡
Ϻ͸˵ԭϺʱǸѧӢҲͦǮģܶŮ˶ϲʱҲٶ
ô˵ģһģҷǲ̫ŵġ
˵ʱһ׼İܼӣСĺһгŮˣгˣԼѣĸܲ˴ɱˡ
Ϊ˶ծܵɽ档
Ϻ˵꣬Ҳ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵һζʮˣҲˣʵҸ㣬կɱöˡ
ԭĹǺܻŵģŲǳţɶ
ڴͳկֻҪһŮˣֻҪŮ˻ûм˵ĻͿԺŮ˽顣
ҿϷЩȻ̫֣УϷʱҲҪСģ㲻СĵϷ˵ġÿ͡ͻᱻ
˵㣺㲻±𣿾㲻˼
Ҳ㲻СĵϷ˵ġÿ͡˾ͻŪ㣬ɽֵģҲ˼ҽɣŪ˵ȻҸطһ˭֪˰
ȻֻǲСĵϷÿ͵³ҪǵϷ˼ҹˣ˼һ׷ɱ㵽ĺǡ
ϺֻǽѵģʱҲǻģϷһȻͱǹƣˡ
Ϻ˵ҶʱҾʣƵô£
ϺԱߵĺ˼һЦĿңǰСС˵Сл뷨
֪Ϻ뵽ȥˣҺٺһЦ͵ݵһ¹ƣԷͰԼ˵취˼¹ơ
û뵽ϺһƵС˵ǸƨƶǴҩ
ԭƲݵܿ˵ڴҩһֶŮӰѹƳӣҪǴĹƳͻԱɢһִζ
Զ׼õŮӾͻһֻƳ棬һƳζͻ󷢣ҵһֻƳŮȻ˾ͻ᲻ͣ
ڶҪеҪŮĺˣҪеûûβˣͷҪŮԼˣϾԼҪ¹Ƶģ¹Ժûһ˵ĵĻŮկᱻ
ƵúɫһףˣǴҩ紫ôأҡҡͷʵʵĸϺߵ˴мһſڡ
ſҾͿʮŮ̸أϺЦϺˡ


189 
ҵ˽ϺԱߵĴзգҾͽ衣
ϺҺͺ˼ȥһ£˵ǳĿˣģҪҸס޵ĵط˵Ϻպмŵӿ˯
һʱˣϺΪҺͺ˼СأղҲΪСìˡ
Ҹæ˵ҺŮѣͨѹϵ
忴Һͺ˼˺飬һ⻰ЦòõúܣҲΪôˣ˵Ȼ޲ŮѣҼҲֻһݣޣסҼҰɣ磬ŮҸ˼סɡ
Ϻ˵ͷ˼Ҳû˵˵ټ͸Ϻȥסĵط
壬㿴סһǮأͳƤӣصĴʣæɫһҡͷ˵㵱ʲôԶĿôǮأӣȥʰһ°ɡ
Ҳͦģ˵ͨȻ̫׼һǿ˵ıԣ˵һҲǿ
ⷿʮƽɣԱ߻кܶ߹ޣҲͦڵģ˸оǲ
˵˾лҲתȥˣڴͳֻĵ绰أû뵽ﾹȻûźţơ
ﰢһˡͻȻʹһŮӵܿ˵ûˣˣӣȥп˳Ͱü
ҲôˣƿžͳˣһȻǸղŽʱϴ·ǼеһǹܰףЦͦģɫΣڴҲһһŮ
Ҳ̾ȻɽŮడʵɽãûȾƤȻ׾ӦҲɽƯԭ֮һɡ
ޣǰãþǡϺܵҾ˵ˣҽг»ԣһӾͿˡ
ÿҾȻƬ̻عԺɫ΢˵´á
´磬ۡƺ͸о֪ĸоһۣǲϤֱӽлҲ̫ܡ
ӣȥŪóԵģӭ˵ĵͦģŴȥŪȥˣҲҺͰˣεĳЦ¡
ҶϣҴĺʲôһͻȻͳʣ´𣿡
£û뵽Ⱒû⣬Ҿ˵ûҶûء
ͷԴͲ˵ˣִʣ´ϲ𣿡
ðҵͷ
ÿŴ۾ʣȻҸ㳪һ׸ɡ
ҵ˵ͷñıľܽķ䣬һʹһܴĺɫˣе죬еţ˵Ҹ´糪ƵĴɡ
õŻ·ôﰵ룬Ҳû˵ŰþͿʼмƮƮʼ
ֻΪȺж࿴һҲûżȻһӴҿʼµ˼ʱʱǰʱԺʱ
˵óĺܿ飬±ƵĸҲŶãһ߳һ赸Ȼû֣ر
ԺŴ۾ʣ´磬𣿡
ģҪȥμʲôйŮʲôľԹھġĴָ޵ﰵ룬ϧ㱯ǲùھģϧˡ
֪ʲôʱʹҲѾˣͳһ갢裬ЦĽȥԷ
ŪĲ˺ܶҶûԹζܺóԣûеعͰɡ
극ԺҲӽˣ̫ûȫ£Ϧ˵ãû£ȥɡ
šõͷҲկˣҵıŰþ˳ȥ
կȻֻһٶ໧˼ңطʵͦģһкܶξ㣬ôҵ
ôҵߣ羰һطǴһ̨ĵطһɽϵСͤ͸һ˵ϻԼ￴档
ҵʱɶʱź˼ú飬һֱ浽ϾŵŻؼϢ
ڶҺˣҺͺ˼Ȼɽկһԭ棬һԭ
һɽ¼Ƚ϶࣬ɽ濴Ǹǲܵɽĵˡ
Ū緹ԺҾͱϺɫı˸кº˼סʲôطź˼סĵطȥ͵ôһ¸ûгʲôˡ


190 կ
˼ǱϺ˰üҲԶһסҲһȥģϾֻǼ򵥵Ĺһկӣر졣
ſžͽȥˣҸŽȥӿͰõļҲ࣬ȥһԱǷͳȥͿһ߻·أƣӦ߰ʮˣ忴Ӳʡ
̣ҽסĿأúܹɵѯʡ
ſýҲЦеģվߵһſźŮޣ㡣
ܿžʹˣû뵽Ǻ˼ȻһΣ˼ҵҲһЦ˵̫ˣǵ·ÿɡ
ÿҵ˵ͷķδܸо崿˺ܶ࣬ҶѰ˼ҪҲȥŪ·
˼˵ˣҲˣȥûϢɡ
˼˵ͷþԱʣ´磬Ҫʲô˵˵˵֪ء
ҽһ£ǰáָŰýָܺź˼˵ãѣк˼С
áõ˵ͷ˼ҲһЦʣãǸû¹Ƶĸأ
˼һڣþһ£ȻԱߵ̣Һͺ˼Ҳ˳ſ˹ȥ߻أӦҲߵ̸̧ͷЦе˵Ůӣկɱ
֪Ȼʹõģǲģڵܶ˶Թ̸ɫ䡣
ø˵կѾܶûгˣֻկмλˡ
ʱҲ˵ãλ˲ǻˣȻˣʹȥկһ˰ɣǵԺһаɵˣ˵ȥġ
ţõ̡õ˵ͷҲ̸л˵лˡ
ţȥȥɡ̰˰֣ͷ
̣͸Űկߣǰıģ鲻
ãǸկжԶأҸ߳Ӿѯʣ˵Сʱܵġ
ԭ׹ɽϲֹһկӣдСС߰˸կӣʵկǱȽСģկկӡ
կи֣ǧկǸܳһξ㣬կҲǧ˼ңܴ
Ů飬ɽ·ûɽôۣ˼Ǹģ̫ϲ˵ȴǡǡ෴Ͷûͣϵĺ졣
Ҳ֪ԭǰȻˣկˣ֪ʲôԭŰᵽʵկ
կǺܾµģһЩݵ˾ͻŹƣһһ˻կֻһˣǧկʮҡ
ʵȫкģͺñƣȻǴҩĿǸзõģõԡ
ڸԭ˵벻ƣկǰҲûҽСðڼ˯һܺã󲡵Ļ¹βˣկĵλͦߵġ
Һܶ˶ԸΪˣȻկӵλܸߣֻҪƿʼͻ⵽ӦϹһֻۣǶ֣صһޣԶܺͰһ
ûΪˣկҪ˵Ĵڣ˲ǵӾݵഫǲͬԼĺԺм߹¶һġ
ֻկҹ¶һ൱ԼĴˣֻҪѡ˵ˣ˾;ԲܾܾȻ˾ͻ¹ƺ㣬Ҳկ̸˾֮ɫԭ֮һ
Ͱģܿ͵˽կկ̫ˣֱһС͵ĳһȥȫľʷݣҿЩӶǷ޹ģˢƯᣬʵկЩõȫһ
ô߽˽կҲ֪ôգܶ˴޵ķγڡ
ÿﶼһҲʶŮ˫ģеľԱߴŮľڹ㳡裬ڡ
«ϽڡͷЩڹ㳡ŮŮҺͺ˼˵ɸˣһȥɡ
ҿһԵĺ˼ʣ˼أ
˼ʼͷ˵ɣҲ
һ˼ͬ⣬Űþܽһĵ̣֪ԭ«ϣһֻɹ˵ģȻþԱߴ
ΪһӶ˵ѧȷеѣʱ㳡ô࿡жᣬΪһ˧Ҫǲᴵඪˡ


191 
ðɣѧʮӣǴ͸ɱһ̶˼ƲһۣǷ«ϣȻ˰ýһ´ŵҪ죬ȻʹȻòûаãоģġ
УëðóðɣȻڹ㳡ϴ«ϣҾ͸ŲԶЩѧǵ赸һᣬû
ˣһ治ǸӰ
Ҹ̾ҲǸҵʱͻȻʹȺһںݵӣֻһ壬ʮ꣬ùֳģһǽ̿Č˿
еͳŰõķ򳪣ǸӴͷ׷ѳ꣬ԷñɳӣԾƳΡ
һɫͺû˵Ҳ˵ˣ߿˹
Ҳô£׸赹ͦϤģҶеʱһǾģҳ׸裬Ҳᳪһ㣬뵽費дУҳ˰ɣҲŰó
ǸӴͷãԲԷԲ䣬ԷñɳӣԾƳҩ
û뵽Сһ죬ͳҵķ򳪣ǸӴͷգĥþһգɫȥһࡣ
ٺ٣ãҳ質òɡЦĳŰʣ쵽ˣҵʱҲûô࣬õͷ˵ͷ
ǺȴܵһָҰ˵һתˡ
˼ɫĮ˵
ɶҿŰõģֿ˼ӣеɶͷԡ
˼ߵС˵ղ㳪׸Ůĸ裬ղǸеĳ׸ǳ尢ñ׵ģҪǲͬĻͲӳ
ղֳŰóˣȴسˣˣղǸеҲ͵ڱǵŮˣԲһŭ⡣
˼Ҿˣģҷ治װɵ治֪ǵøнǳ׸ǸǼŮľͳ׸裬ԭô£ˡ
úߵģͻȻоƺҲϴĸоӵ
ף˵ǸɶãҸо
õͷ˵ţҶ׵ĳ´硣˵̧ͷŴ۾ЦһҸģ
׸ɶҿԱߵĺ˼˼Ҳһ׳յģң˵á
ҡҡͷܳƸɶһ椶ûԿһ˿װɶBֲС˵ЩţŮռ˱˻Կ
뵽⣬ԼԿʱ̹ˡ
ǸһҲûˣҾͳ尢˵ãȴҺͷȥ˰ɡ
ÿͦģ˵ͷǰ·Ҳ˵ˡ
ǰ˼ˣկһſͣ˵˵Ǹ˵ס
ҲðȥˣõӿҲ˺еηӣҾָӶһ˵ãǣҺͺ˼ȥ
ŰҵĻҲࡣ
Űþܵ˶淹ſڵ̨ˣҺͺ˼ҸΪɶȥͻȻ뵽ûǮͳƤӵʱ򣬺˼סҵ֣ʹ˸ɫС˵϶ҪǮġ
ҶʱˣȻɽҲϣҺͰѾϤˣǮҲе㲻ӵĸо룬Ҳˣ˼ſҲûɶ˵ġ
ȥ֮ǰһͷһ۰ã˫°ڷأʱʱɵЦһ£һЦž˽ȥ
ԺηĽ磿
սȥͿһʮϴү̸۾
仰ĺܶ࣬ʲôطĸˡ
統Ȼʲôظ˽磬ץһֳ֮Ϊ磬Ϊͨ˵Ѿһˡ
˼ǰ˵ˣͨˮ֪ԡУΪɢˡ
˼仰һ䱾ˣԼ˼˵Ȼ̫࣬ʿ˼
ͨˮ֪ԡУ˵ǵˣһΪɢ˵˼éɽɽɵʿ
ʿɻĿ˵ͷҲǿ˺ܶϵģĽзͨ˻ԼĽзܶ͵ǰʵϲƺΪʿ
˼Ϊ£аɵ¹һ˵ӣ񲢲Ǻܻӭģ


192 
ɵկ̽ġȻⰢɿ϶ϲԼϾкô
аɵ¹һᵽ̣һӾվ˵仨仨𣿡
Ȼм飬ﰵ룬̻࣬ⰢɵʱԼ֣϶Ⱑװ̺˵ʱܺãﻹ˼ҡ
仨þС˼ҵ˵ͷһںңȻǴ仨ҵģ˵˵ʲô°ɣֻҪ˼ܰģῼǿǵġ
˼ʱҲǰһʣǰҾ¸ûзʲô顣
飿üͷʣָʲôأ
ʲô׼һġ˼ѯʵҵõϢɽһа̷ӣȺˣ˾ץǵġ
а̷ӣ۾һУ߶˵ô˵ǰʱΪȷе찡

ɵ˵ͷ˵ţһˣ»СƷã߳ɽǰʱ˵һİߵͦġ
أ˼е㼤ͻȻɾͿʣһǲǻһŮޣ
˵𣿡ҵ˵ͷü˵ץˡ
ʲôڵվܳһǸſĻиղǸɵɵЦİá
ɵɫҲ̫ã˵ϲаϲŮǸϽȥǸɡ
ղץ˵ʱôҡҳŰʣɵͷŵû˵
ͻȻˣɹ±Ȼ¹ˣͶôˣɵĿǸӦúŶԣǵǸʲôڻ£ȹԼ첻еʱָҪôأ뵽ҲֱʣǸסʲôط
ߵǸСɽ¡˵Ժ˵ллʹӱͳľͳկӱȥ
˼ҲĸҺ棬լӵĸֶķģһ·ֱӾӵıߡ
ܵ˱ߣ˴ӾͿԶһСɽ£ɽ滹һʺɫľͷӣʱҲԼõıӰˡ
·ҡҡλΣû˯һ϶Ǳ¹ˡ
ȻȥСĵ㣬ɽǶԹ˽⣬Ҫй˻鷳ġ˼ѵ
ҵ˵ͷСɽܣܿСɽ£ſڣҾఢûʮ׵ʱҲŽӣһ͹ˡ
ܳҳȥһϣû뵽żӲúܣûһζǰҵĽŸˡ
˼ҲˣֱӴȡһ޺ڹѪžȥȻʹһžͰһ߿ˡ
Һͺ˼ܽȥһӲ󣬽ȥǸӣԱ߻й룬Ǹʱһѹڰ˺õ·ء
һžһɻѹģ쾹Ȼǿ飬Ҳ̫ˡ
ű߿Ҳͣתͷ˹һȻ
˾֮ǰڹ㳡óǸںڵɣתͷ¶׺֮ɫ漴ں˼ͣһɫԵӣһ
ǸŮ£Թˡָź˼ɫԵ˵ֱӰҸˣ̬
ܳľͳǸȥѸٵһ㣬һ£ָŰ˵б¾ʹңѾ¹ˣҪҶұҸӹƣҾվбͶ֡
ã˵ģ־ͱ㣡ֳ̧ǳª˹ȥ̵ģӲСװء
û뵽æһ˵㻹ҴУҰ֮᲻ҸƣɽµĹ¹û˸ҽġ˵ͳĴ˳ȥ
ܳȻǹӶһ䣬ȻϽãû뵽óҵ˹
ûӦȻû㿪ȿȣҲΪ޳ܵΪѹû㡣
§ҵԴͿֻϲϵɫҺôҲǲʦʵӰԣҲô£ҲģܳҪǺ˼ںһ᷸˸ϵĴ
뻹ǲں˼ǰͰ̫ˣƿãգʹ࣬һεεӲף㣬Ҫ˵Ʒᶨֻ˵Ǹүǡ


193 
Ǻ˼ͳһܹ˰õĶͷϣԺ˯˹ȥܹҲһ֮ͦģʵ͵ڸҩ
˯ȥŷϵ·Ѿ˺õˣæתͷóݸ˼˵·ɣҲ͵ġ
׶ˣˣװɶֱ˼Ʋһۣӵ˵Сһ죬˵㣬ĲˣҪҵƷ
ȥ˼ƨһţŹ۵ƨ߳ţţסȥ͵ĳ嶯ҿŲԶկҲɻ
ûɶ󰭣ǸҵĵĲ£ļƵ˭ǸУЩбµĸǸŮһѵģ˭ǿġ
ҸղźֵʱҲĹ򲢲ҲԣƵȻأʵҲǱųӣҪ浶ǹĸǾˡ
ĵʵǸҲǺ˼磬϶еطģ֮ǰõϢ񻹺ϵһ
һᣬҲֻܣһǰ׹طˣϾȫ̶Ұ׹ڶطҪְٹϵĹˣǹץġ
ϸһ룬ڶԱȽϸߣ׹طȫ̵˶ˣֻһ˹ġ
˴Ӻ˼űŰóˣôҵTţп㣬ͦƯģȻ˼ͱŰŽկȥ
ԭһұģ˼˵ռ˼Сıˣã޳ܵôǣôֱ˵̫ˡ
·Ҳͺ˼һ£ҲֻȥǸаɵĽˣû취Ƴ⡣
Űߵɼңƿţɻ̫ʦϣź̿ǽ˵ͷ˵Ȼܴϰ˾Ȼ
ǸֶβҺˡҹһЦȻ԰˵ǰ鷳£ϣѰѹƶһ¡
û뵽ɾȻҡҡͷ۾˵µĹƷԲʮﶼû˸ҽġ
ΪëɻʣͻȻ˵֣ᡣ
˵˵ȥϼһ±Ӧҡҡͷ˵Ͽ㰲ӣǰɡ
ǰʵ̵ŮһҪΣֻпƭˣŰɺǸ̵ĸӦò
һ˰죬ʣ仨˱ӦһܼˣʲôŮ
һͼæͣǣ̴СѰõŮԴϲľǸýʱİ£Ҫ֪㲻ȰõĻ
ҺĻû˵ȥȴɻܲᶨҾͿ˵ǰⱲ̰ųνοϲ֮˵֮ˣҪΪ±˼޶ȣԺк̣
仰ŵ˵ͷ̾˵ˣǰ̧ȥȻţƲ˿
š˼ϽŰýݷڵϣȻ˳ƿƿ޹޵ľ߽ݣҺͺ˼Ⱥ
˰Сʱɲ˳ͷϻкգӦǲ͹һǵͷ˵ǹĹƶѾˣϢͺˣΰǣϣҲһ顣
ֱʣʲô飿˼˵ǡ
˵ȻԺ˯ˣԺҪǻȥˣڵĻ϶ɧŰõġ
šҵ˵ͷǿ϶ģǸȥ̳Իˣܻڰ
ϻģİɣͷӽƵı»еģ϶ûз֪⣬Ͽ϶Ҫˣʱ취סС˵̾˵Ͽˣȥ˯Լɡ
˵갢ɾҡͷԵ˶¥
ô죿˼ʡ
˼˵ǶĵҲϤֻȰȻ취ţŴ򹷣ȻŪը顣
˼ĿҲеŭ⣬ӦҲΪرĲѾŭ
ȻҺͺ˼׼˵Ҳûɶ׼ģûԸ¹ˣڴ˱ɷҲ֪ûãΪƱϾǹƳ棬棬ֲаɷ
ʤҲѻԵİø̧˴ܿĵطȻһͻȻʲôƶˣҺͺ˼鷳ˡ


194 
ʱһһεڹȥҺͺ˼˼ȴҲһ㲻ҷɾ裬ҪҸͲ֪ǵҵķܷܲסơ
ȥ¥ԺҲһֱûжӦȥϢȥˡ
ܿʱ͵ϰ˵㣬żظĸַǷһ֪ǵĽգôϲһø¹˸ɼܣͷۡ
ˡԱߵĺ˼ָұߵĴһվ˳ۿȥҲ֣ʱϾȻſһϵĹ
Ϳֻʮһӣ˫ɢź⣬һҺͺ˼͸ʳһͷ촽ȻʹӴ˽
Һͺ˼ֵǸɷȻһҲûУҪһĹɷܶʲô˺Ҳ϶зӦŷǷţû
ûаҽüﰵӵ̫ˣ˵ǹаɷ϶ӦŶ԰
ʱɣϾҲ֪ʲô⡮ѿɫͲ˵ˣһһ˿ңԴҲó棬͸ֱ࣬Ǹͷӡ
ɡͷ﷢ֽУҺͺ˼˹æľȥͷӾ͸һĹģٶؿ죬ҸûĻᡣ
ľһһײ˺üҲһ飬Ҳ̫ˣҪֱײϹܶϺüͷˡ
˼϶ῴҰ򰡣ԱľŴͷӵȥͷӸо϶Ǻ¹̷۳ģԴϲ̫ʹſˮվԭɵЦҲ㡣
žһľ˴ͷӵϣֱӸ鵽һԵǽϺݺݵײȥһ
ͷȻһӱȥײǽϣӦѸ٣ֳܿ庮˼ȥſ죬ȻܷҪҧһڶõ⡣
ͷӸտͱ˼һŸ߷˻ȥ˼󺰵ӣһõģҵȻ취סһа
áæͳа׼
ܿˣ˼ȥ̧ԴһڵԺ˼óһŻɫķͷӵıϣͷӾͺһɽѹһڵϲͣǲ
ȭǴЩֵģֻǿķֱӸɢҪôóȣͶ̥ת
˼õķһסһЩСжķаȥֻСĺ׾ȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
һ˵꣬һ۵ĻƹͷҲʹĲҽͣڵǲ
ô£ôɱҾȵĿͷﰵҿ֪а˵Щ͹ͷսǼһһȻû
˼Ҳüͷ˵ⲻǹǹư
ҵ˵ͷòҲֻһֽˣϾɽǲ˽
ͻȻҲˣһֱô϶Ǽ򵥵ķżֻô򵥡
ȷǹǹƵһ֣ͷͻȻ¥ϵİɾﻹŸ˵̫Сˣǰֻһֱʵ
ǰô𣿡ҿ˼ŷԼԼҪʧˣ֪ǿҪʧȥЧˡ
ҡҡͷ˵û취ģǹֻǺֻһǵһֻӶѣԺĻҲص
Ҫô죿
ûõģֻǡ̾˿ֳǸͷ˵ҪԹҴʲô¡˵ԺɾʹӱóһˮͷһãʱͷϾ͸һڻ
Ƭ̣ͷ޾ڻʧˣһ̲ѪˮѪˮлһֻȭͷСĳӣӿе׳棬ֻ͵ģ˵ġ
ǰղõʲôˮôɾɱ⣿ֵʡ
һЦ˵ɶ˵⣬һЩɽȪʵƣֻҪҵӦķƣɽȪ˭뵽ôֲĶֻҪɽȪˮһþԭأ֮ûеôӣҲûô򵥣ֻҪ˽⹻࣬ôκβǡ


195 ׹
ǵĲرȻƶȶħ
ʼʵҲβ˵ģһ֣ǵȴݱɺ˵ļȻڻйʦùβˣԲ
ΪѧԺĳ⵽ӦԺͿʼƽˣűᡣ
ʱɫÿͷ֪ʲôɫҲǵͷֻѾҵĹƳ棬˼ΪʲôôһֱӿԱаɷ
Ҳûʰɣ֮ǰɸýƵҲˣ϶ǲϣ֪Ƶʲô
ͻȻ˼֪ʲô͸˵ӣϰãǻسɶɣ̫ʣ̫Σˡ
㲻Ҫ𣿡ʣ˼ʹ˸ɫ˵û£ˣԺеǻᡣ
û뵽һҪɫ΢䣬æ˵λôգȻҲ϶˲λġ
˼̾˿Ű˵ǰ֪ʲôȫ˵ɣȻԺ϶Ըġ
˼һ˵̾˿ߵ̫ʦ۾˵ʵġ
ԭ׹ɽһ׹Ĵʦݰ˵ϼһѾһʮˣǰ˵ͷͷϾҪȥϢԺܶ˶˼ϾһһʮϹ϶²ٵĺö
˵ֵʣ˵ʲôϵ
˵˼˫ֱأ˸ɼ˵׹ֹ¹ƣһЩഫһֻλĶһ
˼üë˵ͷ˵ٹھŵλҸϵǸҪץλ
λֹλİֻû˵֪һǲǵμһһֻħǸħǱ˵ɱˡ
ʵλ꣬ȻμǼеѾڹˣѾħˣʵͬģֹεʱϢİɱ
Էͬģħúܣһͨԩƶ磬ⲢӰڰٹϵϾɱˣֱûʲô
°üͷʣǸʲô׹ôţƣ֪ܲҪɣ
Сĵ˵˵׹Ѿˣû˸ҿɽȥұһɽΣգΪűҲ±֮ҸղŲ͸¶ϢҲԭǰϢй¶ľ֡
Һͺ˼һۣԭ˵ʲô׹ˣ˵ıҿʼ˼ҪôأͻȻһӾˡ
ͷ۸ɶɽʲôҲҪıЩĳӣЩ˵䱦ĶʵҶһĲֵǵĿǺ˼簡
ǰܲܰһºϵǸʲôطأҳŰѯҿɲŰկһʵҲûУԣկȻ˾£ǻԸͽǵġ
կҳһסʲôطҲŲǰ߰ʮҲ
ɹҲһ·ߵˣҧ˵УȥңһҪұ֤С
Ҳİãͷİɡ˼ͷ
Һͺ˼ĳŵԺ˵¥з䣬ԼҸϢǣȥϢ
ұԵİ¥¥һ쳤ȣкܶ෿䣬͸ùһ
ƿߵһͽȥˣװοͨ˼ҵװˣҰѰ÷ڴϣǺ˱ӣת˳ȥ
˸˽ȥѶԺҲڴϢ˰ɽ·ôһ㣬ҿˡ
ڴϣܿҾͽ硣
ڶֻһѾʮһˣƿһȥͿ˰þȻŸ֪ʲôǰȥģԥҪҪһ
ãſڸʲôˣõûҿɫȻе԰ףģöˡ
ҡҡͷС˵£´磬лңɰǰģ͸㡣
˵ž͵ݹһɰҽӹһһɫĺɰ滹ֺֻÿģҳŰ˵ãл˹ɰͦÿġҰѺɰ
ÿ˺ɰԺתܻԼȥˣҴ˸Ƿչ˯أҴһǺ˼


196 
㣬簡ЦŸ˼к˼˵ͷ˵֪Ҹɶطˣҹȥ
һģҵǸˣҲͦˣʣһȥһô
һ˼ɻĿңҾʣ˵ҪȻȥô
˼εĿ˵ҸҿĺܣɲĶ֣ҵʱҲֻ˵˵ֻúȰȰ
šҵ˵ͷȻΪһǴǺɫıߵʱҲÿ˰õţôźҾ˵ãҺͷȥһ£ڼҵţҪ֮ǰû͸Ͻɵկ֪˲
õ˵ͷҪ˵Щɶûڣ˼ߵļҾ͸Ͻ¥ˡ
Ǹɴԭ˼簢סկмһƵ꣬˵ǾƵʵùݲࡣ
ɵկկ˿˶ֱӵסկʵѾҵͦصˣ춼οͣԲһľƵꡣ
Ƶֻ㣬ͦߵģȻľģҺͺ˼߽ȥǰ̨һʮĴڳԹأ˼ҲͣҾ¥
ƵǺܳһȣ߶Ƿ䣬ͰɼͦģҶɰǰǲǸùݵˡ
˼ߵ306ŷſڣ
˵˴Լʮ룬žʹˣ߳һʮӡ
һȻǵץ˺޵ǸˣʱɫɷףԺ˿û¶ȵı飬֪ܵǻһ
Ʋһۺ˼ʣʲô
硣˼뿪˵أⰢҡͷ˵ȰˣΪȰ˵ЧҾûܸġ
ں˰磡˼ü˫Ű۾Ӱ۾пʲôһ
Ҳüͷ˵ǸϽ뿪ɣطЩСġ
ǣôԶ㣬ôҳ˵˵ĸǣɶ˰Ÿа̻ƨǰ;ȥ׾ŸŪԱԱԱа̷ӵˬˡ
а̷ӳ쵣µģԼͱҸKOˣñȷӻϦģûɶô˼ҷðջи߶أаʲô棿
мСܸԼƨɺ溰Լһģ̫ûˡ
û뵽Ⱒȵֶʲôǽ񹦸ֻҪռ˰ٹ϶޵£λɰġ
˰ɣ޵أһŵǵóǣǱôʵʵһȥשȥҿŰ֮ǰΪжأû뵽ʱ͸Բзһ
ߣˣһת߻ط䣬һ˷š
㣬Ҹоǲ߻ħ˰޵أȻǸҩŵԺȻϵԺһô
ֻҪͽԺûһɵģ˵ĵȻͨľҽԺСơľԺ
ؽȥ˳ΣΪԲнȥؼ죬õθһ£Ҳñţٻ˹̹
˼ĻԺüͷû˵Ȼл㱵ľɼҵķȥҸں˼оаôڵȥǸûˣϾ򲻹˼ңûżݻ᲻е㿴Ұ
뵽Ҿתӵ̯˸īߵⰢſڣţں˼ϲ˺ҵģȻ˵䳡滰а
ܿ˴ţҸ뿪˵õĿأһų˾ܳүģȥ˵һ˹ȥ
ŵľȻҲûϵһҲû뵽һѸٵ߳˧һţŵûɢСԣҰ̱ȸ֢״
ȻԱһɾĶ㿪ŵһš
˵Ҳ㣬㵹ˣȥ˵ҵĲ
С壬ҾͺǺЦԳ˰ɣ֪ǾУģȻս
ھУôҲȫڻģһסȭͷѸپһȭͷһȭͷѾĺ˵ϡ
ҿһﱻҵڵأһˣҽϥǹѹסļ裬ȻסĲӣȻҾ¼СһȨһǼ黫֮Ǳġ


197 ᱦ
ôͻȻһӰʹ˳һѳҵͷʹһ
ͷ۵úܣŲĲſɿҾͿĴѾؿϣߵ۵Ҫ
ǸɿԺ˰ԺųԹĿ˹Űʣ磬ҪҪСӣɭɽŪûɶµġ
ҡҡͷʣСֻҸʲô
ʹؿڣվ룬ܲ˵ǻųİɣҲ̫ˣֻкұ˵ⲻǻô˵ǰʶһ
ûʶ˵ͷĳ˵ҺǴСһ浽ġ
ΪʲôҪаأû˼ҿŰ۾ȻҴ˶٣ȴܲɣһ㡣
ҡҡͷ΢΢̾Ϣ˵㲻ңûĶ
ͻȻԴ쿴컨˵ĽӰһܻôɣûûεģҾͲԶˣҲܽԼǧһƪظζ
Ҿʡѧϰ͹սȶҲظζѵḻ𣿡
ʣô㣬㾭սж٣һߣвϾͻĸо㾭٣
˼һ£⼸ȻĹֶ࣬һߵҲζѡ
˵ⱲӶ̶̼ʮ꣬Ҫκ˵ѡ񣬲Ҫ˵ˣҲҪоľǴģеĴǱеȷ㲻ң㲻ҵ뷨
Ҳĵʣѵа̳ɱ˾ȷǵı𣿡
ʼ֮Ա仰ģһж໵׵ʱ϶ģܺжŤȻһıġ
ûҵıģ˵ͷָԼص˵ǹ¶ڽֱؤҪʦңҸˡ
ɱЩѵ˽Щ˿ؤǮǣȥЦָԼأ˵Ҵûɱκһˡ
Ҳɱ˵ɣ룬ô᲻𣿡üҳЦһʣ᲻ô
ǮŪЩûǮĲǸɣȨŪЩûȨģһףˡۿ˵ں˼ķҲɱ㣬ɣ˸뿪ɽ
ôܣҡҡͷ˵Լ̫ˣԱƣԼɡ
һ˵ͺ˼뿪ĻϾŵ׹ɽҪ׹˶ȥҪֹλ굽ʱͶ취ɡ˵ʹת߻ط䣬һŸˡ
߳ҾƵ꣬ﵹ˼֣оǲϵڳɳ󣬾ͺñ簢ȻҴ˶٣˵ȳҪһ֡
׳ϢҲͦģоⰢôͻȻأԼҪȥñϢҶ˿ûкô
صɼҵʱҲףԭϢѾˡ
ҸջȥʱͿɺͺ˼ԼӴأĶᱦᡣ
һԺ˼ǾͰѴңԭЩе㱾µ˶ǶѨĶʲôȡߡ
ֲԼȥãֻ֮һᱦᣬڶô䱦ȥԺ󰴹طֱȲͻҲ˺
ȻȥͺһʲôᱦᣬֲSB϶Σķ˵ûʲôΣգһȺѪ̽һһڵ©ͺܴ
˵Ϣǵ˵ԼҪģȻȥһþǣһҪĶͬһأ
ͦӵģ˼ңȻǾͱȥˣΪֹҸøðû塣
֪˼˼϶ǲ綯֣Ҳ϶Σգ򺦶һȻǲȥˡ
˼һ£оҪȥģ϶˼һҵʱͷ˵УǴȿʵڲǾͲȥ
ҲǣȥĿ϶ǸʮģûµĸͲȥ
Ҳûɱģû㰢죬ϷϷ˼סаɰû»ȥկСжˡ


198 
⼸Ҳ˽¸ɴǸĵطկСʱ·̡
ʱĳ˷Ҿ͸˼ͰԼɴ˸к˵ȥᣬȻĵķԼķ䣬ҵļһȫԺȥˡ
ûկӾס˵ԭǰ꿪̻Ǹڵξ㿪أ֪ΪʲôͻȻͷˡ
ɽ·ŤŤģ֮ǰѾ̹·ߺöˣûе·
Ѿǽӽɽˣɽһҵĵطһ¶ƽ̨ƽ̨˹ģһٶƽңƽ̨ɽһ߾һף׵խСڡ
ҵſڵʱѾа˸ε̨ϵȴˡ
ǿԺ󶼾Ŀңüû˵
Ҿ˸طΧ½½˸Ϲ˾ȻжʮˣƺƵġ
ȺȻྯ裬ǵ񿴵óǶǾ裬Ͼô˵Ҳˣÿһ
ڰ˵ʱ򣬰ҲˣԺʹ˵ӭλμĶᱦᡣ
ʱЩ˾ͷֵģЩ˿̫ˣֻԼԼ֮Ĵʡ
ǹҲû뵽һˣݰ˵յĳרõĴϢĶ֪δģԭǵۻΪĸ֯ģû뵽ǰ
λһֵȺһҲûвͷģһ˵֪ʲôҶıˡ
Ӧö˵׹һֻλɣҵĿƵ˵ıһ˵ôһġ˵֯δĿҲҪλ޹ɲҪ
ͻȻһ˾˵һڲ̫صͨʣˣԱ߲иôô֤㲻
Ц˵飬һʲô£ȻȥǶǵģҾҪҵλˡ
硣˵ɫ¶˽̬һ˵֮ǰǴӦô
Ӧ㣿ӦʲôɫһڣϵʹɫҲڰסЩ˵
SBҲˣʱЩŲСľ˵ˣʱӦҲѸ٣˵ǴӦȥ洳ô
˿˵λȻƽĴʦڵӦ֪úٲŶԣ׹;ͨһҪµ·λû취ˡ
Ƕʮһ£ŴĳЩͷЭ顣Ҳûϸ˵ʲô˵Ժ󰢱ĵߵұϣһʣôһˣ˼أ
̵ȼһڣ˵û
һֹȡλꣿеӵĿʡ
Һݺݵĳһ̣ȻڵϲϨ˵ֹܲͿʵ˵¡
ȻҾûˣӺɫıͳǰľͼаԼ㶵ȽϺõĵط
Ͼŵжˣ֮ǰû˾ʲôһϲ֪׹֮ǰڷԲضʲô˾
ɽѾ׹ƽʱû˻صɽɽй䡣
һεǰ棬ܿһƵⶴѨҪʲôصĻһľˡ
м䣬ұŪ˶棬ԭΪֻʱһѡ
ⶴѨȻ˹޽ģܳʪߵǽϣԼͷ̦ɽǴϢ
ͻȻǰһҵ棬ǰ滹ʮأҸͿǰ浽׷ʲô
һŵ֪ԭ¹壬˶ƣɾͻŧˮˣȴͦ˵ģߵһȻû˭ߵһˡ
ǲ밡ʣµĽʮеĶγ絶ǰ·
ȻԸЩ¹˹û֣ʮ֡
ӦҲνıӦɣģˣ󻹲һȺ˷ǰ̽ô
ǰ棬ڶ˾֮ԶҲرұŪˣȻҷǰ浱ɨױǸоˡ
ʮ룬ͻȻǰַɧˣһǰɧͦģö˻Ӻأϧ·̫խˣҵסȥ·һ˾ǰ浽ʲô


199 
ǰֺģҲ˵ɶ˵ĶǱػٶһ飬Ҷ͸һߴﹾġ
кܶʹ󼷣һҲǲ㲻Ծˣҿ󰡣ܶúƣĻкתʹͷܡ
ûҾȻƾնͷײʲôһҶͷŪ۵Ҫæһ
ȺҲײϣԣ֪ʱȻһ͸Ĳæȭͷңûðܿ찢Ҳߵǰ棬ʣôˣôܣ
ҳ尢𣬰ȻҲʧӣʣǰ浽׷ʲôˣ
ϹﻹûǹǽɱԺҪ͵ˡɫ
ܳһֹӸ鲣˸óذ׻߳ӣʩ䷨Ҫƿţƾôĵ鲣žȻۼûǹγ
ЩɫңͺԼѾһҴǵ뷨Ǹ׹һʮ갡ôһϹҪǰһ֪ж
侲Щ˵ɫһƬңһȺѾһϵˣȻʧȥս⣬󺰵𼱣˽䱸Ҫָӣ
ȻΪ˵ĻЩɫ΢һЩԻǶ׹η壬ЩĲʮ꣬Сʮ꣬ЩʮȻͨǰ绽꣬ʱ׹һٶˣͳһƬܳһʱ䣬ηǷԹġ
˶֪ô죿ҲҰѯʸղôˣ
֪ԭǰʱͻȻͳһ׹˵ҪɱǸƬײĸ˾ΪѪˮȺ˲Ŵ
Ҳ˵Ǹ׹ûüͷһ˵׹оʵɱЩ˵Ļѵϻôã
Ҳܴ˲ҵ˼ʣ˼׹Ѿ첻ˣղǼǰֺαŪôǽŲ뿪أ
ʼû˵ˣղŵĻҲֻǲ²⣬һһ뷨׹һʮ꣬ǿ˿϶дɱеģҸУںԹԿϷOKˡ
˻æհ˹˵Ҳǹʺ˺õ˶û£ߵĵһ
йԺ󣬰С˵˼仰Ҳͷĸ˵ȻҲرһ㣬޷˵ʲô׹ˣ׹һ϶б
ȻЩǺ׶԰СӵİϷЩ˻ˣһ۾¶̰
λЩ˱ҪǽĻûиϣȻиôһݣж˵ݣǸԵºӣвǵ
ǴСҲû飬Դ˼άҲˣһһڶҲһ
Щ˱ĶˣҲһϲߴﹾ˵ߣǽȥñʲôƨ׹ǸϹˡ
û뵽˵꣬ͻȻͷȻƿһСһɫ򼡣
۾Լͷ򼣬񲻸ԼȻôһ㣬˰߶ȣҡ˵˫һ͵ˡ
ϲûһ˿ϧһõӣо㲻˭ļơ
Щ˿ƳһұȽϽʮĴҵУСģơ
ƣ
ʱڰҲɶûɣڹƳҰѯ˺ܶ࣬رһЩĹƳ棬ƾ֮һ
ֹƳʵһֽƣһ˾ԲĹƣΪ̫ˡ
֪һЩĹƶ޷Ǿֲľ˻ɢǰ˵ǸôССһֻ
˱ɳ棬һȥͶ̥һʱ䰡һֻһ꣬ӲôŪˡ
һŲȳһֻ̲࣬߱Ե˲þͻڲõĵطһ꣬ҲܶǱԵҲɴйȻϰֹ꣬Ƴνɻһֹ֮һ
ǲ̫ûһĶòζˣͻȻɽ洫һϵ㲣Ϣ΢
Щһ׹һ͸èһʱˡ


200 Ŀ
ǰ֮һЩ˾Ȼ󺰴е׹ģԩİ
һɫһ䣬æЩԶ˺ܶ࣬ҿ˹Ҳûܾ˭Ҳ˵׼Ǹɶ˭ֹܲץôӦȺ˰ɡ
ȻǸ׹΢Ȼ˵Ǻã˵ʬңǸͷ­һһֻ֣Ҿֻһֻֻֻ֣ţҾͲˣӶķ
һ⻰ܶ˿ҺͰ񿴵һŹâʮˣ׹㷨ҺͰֻܱס˶ѡ
˵侲Ǹ׹Ļںǣ
һʮ߰ˣһԼ絶ͳҺͰôŹûɶãҺͰѡһ湥
üͷʮ䶼絶ҪһԳҺͰˣ֮ǰСĵǸʮĴһ߿˰εСᡣ
ȻվҺͰǰ˵ǶǱ׹ʲôˣʲôֶѵ֪ڰڧȻû飬Ҳף׹Ūͳˣαôã
Ⱥ˵ĻĬĬĬͷһҲ˵˼
˵Ϊʲô׹ôҪܷȺɱأɻĿŰʣ룬ü˵Ѳɺ£һʮһϹܺʲôأ
˵仰룬Ҫҵķû޳߻ǸϹҵķ飬ʲôûаѲǺ°
λҪǴ֣Ǹүǵģ͸һȥ׹һܣҲˣҪǸоԼǸүǣثֵľԼ°ɣҲǸȥ˲һͻȻͳЩ˴
Ѵͷ󣬴Ҹϣڶһϵƣ໥¼ɵĻ˵žͰѰǰȥ
Ȼ˵㣬Ҳ˿ܾܾһͷ˵ĻȺ˹ƾ͵ĥôˡ
һ˵׻˵Ҳ˭λϣ
˵Ժ󰢱ҶߺСһ䣺˵
˵ͰܵǰˣҾ˵ҶϺҪǺΣվҵţ
ЩȻǸомʱҲûκε飬һȺ˳խͨһֱߣ˴ӣǸν׹Ҳûг֡
˴ӣΧĶѨͻȻһһ׵¥ݣ˴ʮڵ׹ĶѨ
Բۣ湻ﱤģѨԼ߰ףһôΧɫʯͷɵģҲǰ͹ƽġ
ѨȻܴ󣬵Ҳܿյֻһľ崲һֱףÿŵһֵʯͼڹײľûĶˡ
¸¸£û뵽ǾȻĸ
һر̶Ǹϴһȥһ񣬿͸Ӱľ࣬ɰͰ͵ģ˹ͷȫƤ˫ۣۿݽȥֻ۾ͫɢһ˿˿Ĺ⡣
һ˵ĸоǸоܶģܲһ׹˫ۻƵҵϣİ۾Ҹо͸һ
̰ݼǰ˾Ȼ˸Բۣһ˵Ƿ˽񶫵ķǰҰֻ̣ҪǰҰ̣˽֮λλãʲô˵
ﰵãСӲôôˣ׹ˣҿϢ͸¶ģ
һЦ˵ôܼ˼ңôĺһ˵ҸսžͱŪˡ
е˴ʱû˵ˣûɵϣôĻԼܲģ
ɽ߻ʵԶԼԼҪҼ룬ܼ򵥣ôأ׹۾Ŀ
˵׹Ȼ׷ϾѸߣѾһʮˡ
׹һܼɻ̸䣬˵ص㣡
һЦ׹׹ĸ˫һӾˣüʣѪʬĹģ
ô᣿ĳ׹Ȥǿ̸ǹʤߵ΢Ц׹ѾӦһ


201 ʬ
׹۾һ˿⣬һЦ˵ҪǸƭҿɱΪĹ㣬ɣ˵˴ǽڵһȥ¡¡һش̶׹߹ȥǸǽھȻһ׸ߣ׿Ĵš
æҲ׹ȥ׹ͿҪ̤ſڵʱͻȻͣס˽Ųعͷ򰢱ʣˣƭЩСһҪô죿
ı֣û˵׹ĿЩһۣȻҲң˵Ȼ֪Щ飬洫ȥҲ̫á˵׹õ¶ͳһѷۺɫķĩһȻʹŰ˽ȥ
ЩȻĻͣ켣ô꣬Ȼ׹Ǿ仰ĺ壬һĶʱе׹
׹ȥԺź¡һ͹رʱȺҲˣСĽ䱸˭֪׹һѶԲͨ⡣
ͻȻҴӿᵽһ˿ѪζüͷȻڶѨղǽʱѣûκζҲ˵ζӦþǸղ׹һѶŶԡ
Ұһ㣡侲㣬ڴŽһ²УҳȺ˴ҪһĳΣһܱһ˿׶ࡣ
ʱʾ˹ҽҪԣȺûĿٽŴһƿڴˣģ׹ģһȺ˾͸ûĻåƦһֻһԱ߿˹Ȼ֮ǰѹҵǸʮˡ
Ժһ£С˵վȺ̫
ͷһԲŵӣžȺĵطȥ˻Ǽڹײ෴ķߡ
ҽл飬Ǵˣȥ˵ú˵䣬ҵ˵ͷžСĶ˵¹һЩбղ׹õĲǹһֹϵʬ
ʬ뵽￴һЩϣ˵ʬԴȣܶ˻˵ʬɣ
صഫǧǰģȰգʴڻƺӱƵ۶ɱֱʬҰѪɺӡҪ󷽳ˣʿǰ˱̧ߺ
ȶߵİվʦ˵ǲܶսĵֲܣõ㷨ЩõֻعΣվ˵ðɡҸĻһװ磬áڡǰ·ں涽ߡ
ǰվʦװȵģվսĵǵʬм䣬һĬ󣬶Щʬ֮ǣ˴Ƕ֮ʵ縸ĸζ硣Ƕ塣𣡡
ԭڵϵʬһȫվڰȸġڡؾߡ˵׷ˣȺͰվʦԻ
Ȼȴ
ĸʬˣֶⷨµĹ滮ֳ֧һǴϤʬøʬ˻ص簲ᣬһ֧ǿʬˡ
ڸʬʬ֪ķ֧µ˴󲿷ֶǲ֪ģֻиʬ֪һЩϢ
ʬĩˣһпصĵطǵطһ˼ҸΪطԱĸ˺ȻȻƸʬɱԱ
Ȼ˵ҥԣȻץȻǹ
ǿʬʹʬ˴򶷱ΪǸʬһ֣ʵǷֿģȫһʬʬ߶룬һѾʬ壬ٶݽʲô˴
ʬ֮ǰҪʬνǰʬɰɴκϺڹѪڹײģʬأһ˵ҪһϣɴɰڹѪ͸ʬ壬ʬ嵶ǹ룬ɰͺڹѪݳɵģ䶼ʬûκεֿʬֱ֮
峯ĩһɥĲĿʬ߻ħɱԼһӵˣһٶֲʬ壬峯ʱĴ֮ܶʿѹסһĿ񱩣ȻʬҲ˶ϰĽʧˡ
ʱҿ룬ǹ룬Ҳûа취ĹֱǺʮְ̫ƨֱӵ͵£û뵽쾹ȻԼˡ
ҿǼڹײģȻڻһ㶯ûУȴ֪Ҫô죿ڵСҲвֵţȥ⻹л·
ͻȻڹײмһͻȻͷųһ˵עҲ˹ȥ


202 ߲ʬ
ʱģǹײģ飬飬ĲϵڹײҲһ
ָ֮ǰ׹Ĵͷ˵Ͻȥ⼸ʬ岻֪жȶ
ҵ˵ͷĵĺͻ㵽׹ľ崲£Щ˴ʱעȫǼڹײأҲûзԱˡ
ڣһ죬мĹײľȻѿӣȻǹײıƬӹײվһɰʬ塣
ʬûκһЩɫɰıһҪͫѪɫתΪʯء
סҪںС˵һ䣬ҵ˵ͷ΢ʣһֱҲǵô죿
ȻᣬȻͻһˡָ棬˳ȥʱмĳǸʬѾȺ˳ȥ
ȺȻԴ̫ת䣬Ҳ֪Ҫһͬ𿹵УЩæ£óܶСʲô϶Ȼ˾ܡ
֮ǰƪһʬ徹Ȼǹ룬Щҧ͸һͲ¡
ʬжٶȲ죬͸ƽ·һЩҲԲУһӵ͸СץϷһȥһʱʬ廹ûץˡ
һֻʬڱ˳ʬ֮ǰǾ߲һ
һ߻ѪܵģѪ죬͸˰ƤĻһһǻɫճҺ쳣
һȻû¶£ȴһϲ˵̫ˣ׹ûǹ룬аֵʬ塣
ԭ׹ʵȻǹʱķʧôģʬ岢ûܶࡣ
ʼǸɰʬǵǹˣõǳǹӦǲµġ
Ǿ߻Ѫʬǲ·ڷ͵ߡ
Ǿɫʬǲ¹֣аɷ
ֻʬ϶о綾ֻҪͻ˲˱
һ߸ҽܣսҲʼˣֻʬ嶼һߣȻʮ˻أֻʬ͸ǻһÿζһˡ
ⶴѨҲôطƾô㣬ܱܲĵ컨ȥŰɡ
ܿһʮڷԭǱֻʬһ䣬ҲȻͳһ絶Ǿ߻Ѫܵʬ־Ϳȥ
һȥȻǾʬֱ۸ȥһľ룬ֻʬҲû¶ʹı飬ǰһһ±ȥ
ɲʲôѺõӵһձֻѪʬסˣʬӴĵطȻۿɼٶȸ
ʮ룬˲ʹĲҽڵϻ鴤ˣֹ˼룬ղŻ˾Ȼͱһ߸ʬ
ҵһģҲ̫˰ɣҿЩɫǿ䣬֮ǰЩ˿ЩʬٶôҲЩˣֱĿʼˣ˲ʶԼΣˡ
߸ʬֳһ˶ѶĵطȥﻹںߺߵĹֽС
Щ˹ҲǷʬ˶ĵطߣæɢˡ
ɢãĸѣһҲ㣬һɢطôƨط򳡴˶٣վʮȻ̫ӵͻȻҪɢЩ˲ǰ˱ƳЩʬɱô
ЩҪȺϵǰ浲סʬ˲䲻ˣʱԽԽңʬ廹ûЩ˾Ϊ˭վ˭վ淢˴ͻʬûȺ˶ҪԼɼˡ
ͻȻелˣҪǲǸղĵĶ˴£ҿ϶ҲرΣա
ԽԽǣʵɲϣȺ˹ҵȺҪȫ˾ʣҺͻҲû취
ҿſԱһüͷģ֪ʲôͻȻСĸ˵Ȼῴȥûõġ
ǾߵǹʬǺ󾱣ֻҪʹҾͿˣǾѪʬõͿֱҲֻǶԷߣڵǺµġ
ǾɫʬͲøˣüͷֵʣ岻ǿҲܴ𣿡
ǣΪ黹ûڣͻȻǱߵȺʹ˲ҽ˳ۿȥǾɫʬ徹Ȼ³һɫСȺȺбɫմ˲俪ʼ
ܷܳżܣ


203 ʬ
ɫճҺʬ廹ŴҶʱľͺ˰أ
һǸɫĶʬ³ǿɫҺɫȴһϲ˵ûᣡϽȥʰǸɫʬ壬ƵֶҺмкܳһʱ䡣
ҪСģҪǸʬ壬Ȼˣ˵ȳ˳ȥһʹ󺰣ҿùƳ湥ǸѪʬ
רѪʬһзߣаȴ˵ʬǶаߣҵĵպ˵
ЩһʼͱǸǹʬŻˣûһܡ
ҲϽӴͿһˣóаǸɫʬͱ˹ȥҲ̫ԶԶľɫʬ˹ȥ
֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣ҷֻʬϵ˲䣬˴۵һɫâ
һʬֱҸԭپͲզÿôһ䣬۾ĸλöֲˣоϾһŽһرˡ
ɫʬҲҡҡλһᣬһ͵˵ϣûϢҷһ£֮ǰʬô¸ˮˣôһŷֱӾ͹̵أ
漴һҲˣ͸֮ǰ˵ʬżȱݣʬȱݾǶԷû˿ĵֿټҵҲʲô̫ķ䡣
ҲǰʱĶǱ̬û취ЩֶûаԲŸԼеϲĵĸо
Ǳ߿һŷֱӸʬ̵Ҳǰէ࣬һ沿رḻ񲻸ôɾ͸ɵֻʬһ
Щ˶ʱҲǼһóСӣųԼĹƳֻѪʬȥ׻˵úã϶˻ҧأοȺ˶챻⼸ֻʬųСˣָۿõ߿СӸҪǮⶪһ
ЩҲ֪ЩɶãҲʮӲǸѪʬͻȻ۾ͣ˳رˣѪʬѪܵġ
Щӣо͸ƼؿζĿֲƬһʲôˮ㡷򼡷ˣϾʵģӾЧ֣ⶼǵӰиоġ
һЦ˵ɵúãֻʣµǹʬˣ
ҵ˵ͷѰʬһûӣǸʬȻڶԸѪʬʱ͵͵ڿҧʼҸɵǸʬʱʬѾһˣҲһĻŵˣ̳Żʣ飬ô죿
ݣ⵶ǹ룬Ҳ֪ʲôʱɫҲѿǱҲû˵Լͬ࣬Ҳ֪ôˣ
ʲôɾǣʱЩ˸ŪѪʬıҪɵֻʬأҰȺһۣʬܼôʼʱʬЩƳͶãҵǹ룬˵ҲߵģǲһЩֻʬµǸɫ壿
ʬڸʲôǺ£ͳһаϻ˵ĺ׾˹ȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
¡һ֮ǰǸʬһһƹҿ˹ȥһ̶ŭһֻʬѾȫʬԸɾˣʬ˫ҲͨɫӴҲŵ̹⡣
Ҳ֪ʬ϶ֱˣʬվȻڷŭĺУûпңǿǸڵϱǧٿ׵ѪʬȻһһѪʬ˹ȥ
סҪʬٳѪʬͻǹ룬аֵĹڼȻûгԵѪʬҲ˵һȱݡ
Ҳ֪Ǹʬж϶ܺЩȥ̽ǳòˡ
˵Щ֮ǰһֻѪʬļͣΪ֮ǰֻѪʬŰ̫ˣеƾͱǵ޵ķŴˡ
ܿмͳһС˳ȥĹƳǸʬȥϧǣ֮ǰĲһʬȻˣͻȻʬһﾹȻ³һ֮ǰǸʬ³һģһɫǼ˷ȥ
⼸ηӦҲܿ죬Աһ㿪һ£ǸڵϣȻڳһʮ׵С


204 
ҿģҲ߯˰ִܷżܣľһƶﱤƶ̨
ʬʱǼ˶㿪ˣҲûгʤ׷ҡҡλεǾѪʬȥ
ҪԵѪʬȻˣס취
Ȼ˵ЩĻͣԴɵʬţƺģ˭ȥϾ˭ҲԼ
ҰıһȺˣ̰Ȼһ룬һһʹȺ漷
˶ʬóһ·˭ҲȥˣʬҪߵǸѪʬǰʱͻȻʹ󺰡
ǸأϽ۾˵Ѫʬ߷ЧʬûԵôûߵЧķ֮ǰûӦǲ׵ԭ÷۾
ܳҰһ˶˹񶼴ɱ⣬Ҳ⣬˶ңеֶ絶ˣҲӦĻһʱͻһ
ﰵ鲻Ǹ˵ħʹҵȻ岻ݴǣ鿴ҸʲôѲΪ̰֮
˵ҲˣԱ˻õңæͳаСĵľߵʬǰʬֱң±ѪʬԴϾͿ
齹˵죬ҪѪʬǾˡ
ҵ˻һۣѾ˵ɣ鲻ȥΣ飬㵱Ȼνˡ
һ֪أ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
Ȼаʬ۾˹ȥʬǸоΣУȻ۾һգǺһ
¸£
һʬ˫۾ȻѾϡˣѪģģʬҲʹĴ¸µģеѼӣ̶ܴ˳ƾͳǰҲҵķ
ڶʱһ㿪ˣʬȻ˵Զһϣס˲߶ʮһſ죬Ȼ¶һڳǸ˵Ĳҧȥ
ôһȥǸ˲ӾȻֱ֮ԴҲĵ˵ϣòˡ
Բۣ飬˵Ūģô£ҿʬԴ󷢣ҲǺˣæ˿Զ
պǸʬȻҾ˹һҲæԱ߶㣬ʣµ߰˸Ҳ±ʬץס
ʬվҸղŵλþȻˣһ˵ʬû۾ǿ˵ķˣ
˵ʬˢһ³Żͳ˹ȥٶر죬æԱһ㣬ҿˡ
һĻҲԭزҶҴ
Ҳ⣬һ俴мʬ񱩵ڿäĿץ
Լһһ˹͸Сʱһк̵ƵϷסһСѵ۾ȻһΧסСҪҳĻϷ
еֻΨһͬץ˿Ҫİ
ͻȻʬȻһ˹Ȼ񲢲֪ǰһֻ̽һһ˹
ҿǽһżʬȻֱߵ˹üͷСʱϷһС
ҿ˿һײƬֱôֵһӣ־ͳԶһ˵ķ˹ȥ
ľϵȻʬˢһ³ǸȥҶʱ˿СʱϷ׵һھȻܱסԼ̫ˡ
ǸҺĸǿɾͲˣɫͲ԰ףŻڴʬǺܴҶȥľŻķ˹ȥʬֳŻȥҲ編ƣ㶪
ʱһֻоŸˣ˭ĵľ涪һʱҲûгôȥܲǸ°
ⲻ˵ʬǸ鷳ȻǸ׹Ҳùҵ
ǳ©һʼľǸһľ̫ԶˣܹȥľʱջʬץסˣȻʬһھͳҧȥ
ҴʱŵǸݵĳڴˣϵһľŷһʬȥ׷ʱҰȾͳǸ¥
ҲǸֵ׻ڲڣʱһֱȥ϶Σյģƴһƴҿһֶӣ֮ܶǰвֵĵطһͷһǸʬҲû׷Ҫ취ôƿ֡


205 
ʹý˼²֣ȻȻӲü˼
ûʲôļӲƵģ͸֮ǰǸʬһӲ۾ȴ㣬һӲ˼£ôȱҲܴ
֣ͻȻ˺ܾǰ绹Ÿ˵һ¡
˵ʱһһʮ˵λӣһȺձܱԺձ׷˵һѨȴû뵽澹Ȼסһϵ
ϵһ˵ձ׷ģóһˮŶһãܿձ˾׷ˣЩձڸûҵжѨȻҪѲ飬û뵽ȴһεǽڵסձǹ֧ҩ򲻴γˡ
ʱûʲô⽨˵λӵĶӳ֪ˣæϵԺںձսϡ
ϵ̣˵˷˹ǽơ
ϵЩλȫʹԺձҵƽⷽ󷴵Σա
ҵʱҲֻΪ¾ͨĹǽֻǺЩλӴ似Բû⣬Ͼϵ˵ǹǽˣĹǽ𣿷ǰû
Ҳֻҽˣ¿Ӿͳ͸Ĳ˵Ҳ֣ҺⲣϺⲣ־Ȼ͸ˮһð̣ڻˡ
һ͸ˣû뵽ô򵥣ӣͻȻʹһŲ˵Ĳҽһͷһݡ
ǸʬֱˣǲƤѾʧ͸һֻͨĸʬһٶ죬ٶѾͨܲˣ۾ȻҲ³ˡ
ʱһˣ˻·õģһֱ۸ǴӼϵˣǱ˿ġ
ǰľȻǻ飬һҾһŭĴ˵
ڲϻأȾͳھ붴ҲһףȫҲʮܳȥʱɽ֣Ҹطһ㣬ʬҵҲŹˡ
ִܿһҽУһȻǻԱǸ˰Ѷϵһ첲ߵ˵ϣǸ˵ڵԺʬҲͣ˵ĲҧȥǸ˸롣
ҰǸһﲻˣܵøˣҿռݾƣ汳ģʬڿ϶Ҳ׷Ҳһǻ¶ԷͻȻһ߷Լ
ʮ룬ҾͿˣһϲҪȥȻһӰҪһҶһԲۣȻǺ˼˼ʱ¶ϲɫ˵˵㻹û̫ˣ
øƨϽܣȻˣܹ˼ԱߵʱҲץֱӳ˶Ѩһһٶƽƽ̨߲ŤŤɽ·ֱһ׸ߵ£һЩ֡
Ҳͣź˼ҪڿҪȥʱ˼ʹľסң˼ҾͱӲĸסˣʣˣôߣȥô
ҽ˵Ҫź˼ʱͻȻӰʹҺͺ˼һһȥԱߵʱ黹ڴЦ˵ɣɵϣһᣬһȥġ
ܳŭһ䣬Ҳˣֻʬٶ죬תԸʬأһԱ߹ιʬٶ̫ˣȻûɲסֱӳȥ
Ҫ֪ʬϾֻʬ֣Υʶģղôٶȣɲס
Ҷʱ͸ղǸSBãȻܿʹһҽǻģҳɫһ֮ǰǸǴʱڵȲҽأŵĹͷ¶ˣһˤˡ
ʱһȳһյɭܣǱһ²ûˤȣֻʬڵҲҡҡλεվ
Һһ亹Եģа׶߰Żع൱¥ô߰ҪȥƱǸҲòȥֲǳˡ
ʱֻʬѾסǸǿҧ˼üǸʬʣʲôôײУУҸأ
ߣȻҲҽɭˣȥһǸʬôź˼ɽߣɽûʲôͺͺģȫǴʯͷҲܺöأҴź˼㵽ɽһʯͷ棬û뵽ﾹȻܿܵĵط羰һĺá
ҲûʲôͣڵĴŴһļٱܣ͸۵ܲˣ˴һӣźһ㣬ĸ˼˵ⶴ﷢һС


206 ճ
ܿҾͰ˺˼Ȼû˵ұģ˵ͻȻһʱŸġ
ҵĽԺ˼˵ͷȻ˫ֱĿʣΪʲôﲻأ
˵ôڽϹʱСĿǼһȻ͸ˡҿһ¡
˼ͻȻһЦʣǲΣգԲ
ȥ˼µ׼ҵʱ˧˵ûҾǵΣգҰ㡭Ȼɵߵ顣
ЩֻԴתѣܶĻYYʱͦģ㿪˵ʱͻֲ֪ᷢô˵ˡ
ҵʱžôӣЦһ£ס˵ЩĻͷϾ˵ָҪ˼ᣬҾ˵ôأô̰㰲ȫϵܸô࣬ǲС˲Ÿġ
˵ԺҲԼÌ˿ҪЩӵϣָ˵Լôôϲ֮ģҵʱҲ⣬תƻʣˣôˣ
ɸҵģ˵ˡ˼ʼ˵㲻˵ˣ˵Ҹں׹̸飿
ҵͷǰ׹ģӦģ£һְ治֪ǵʲô
ϣ˼ü˼
ͻȻʯͷĺʹ˰ˣǿ϶벻׵ġ
磡˼һ˵վ濴ȥҲæվ
ʱЦ⣬˺˼һֿۣһ˵׹ѾҰ̣Ҳȥɡ
Űָ˵»ǰɣ
ţ
Ц˵ԼʵɣҪǿõϣղµʱʬɱġ
ҲˣʵôܻӳͷԶȥɣʵûﵽɵһ֮ǰǱҰΪˣȻģ˵
ǲǻллĺأҺһ£ȻⰢҺûʲô⣬ղŻľһΣǰ̳ԱһѾעҺˮˡ
Ҳʲôкǿˣ֮ǰ˵̰漰һЩԭʱҾԲð벽аɱˡ
֪ǲ̫ˣĽܲЩһа˵ֶΡ
ҹգЦлл˼ɣǰԵзݣܲ޳Լ컯
磡˼üŰһЦеĿź˼˵Ҳû˵ɣд󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣʲô˼ġ
ȿȡҷǸоеˣһЦתҲ뿪ˡ
ת뿪⿪˿Ȼû֣ôǾ߸ʬ϶Ҳˣҿʯϣ˼û˵Աߡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô뿪Ժһʼƣһʱ䣬ȥ賿ˣҸ˼˵Ϳʯ˯˼ԱߣҲ֪ǲ˯ˡ
Һܿ˯ˣ̫ƣˣζûҸо۾һգԱ߾ҡңһȻǺ˼
㣬ôˣ۵۾ź˼Ȼóֻһʱ䣬Ȼ賿㣬˯Сʱͱ˼ҡˡ
ճ˼ڵϣֱ˫ȣ°ͷϥϣĿա
ȥҪ˯ճʲôÿġ۾оˣ˭鿴ճҾ͸оҸ첲һۣ˼ʹһš۵ᶼˡ
õõã㣬֣˵ճˣҶ㵽ףҺԺ˼ˣҿʯͷϣۿ̫
⻹Ⱳӵһɽճأò˵ͦƯģ̵̫Ĵ滺ΧϼȾ˵ɫ
ſԺľͿź˼ļ˯ˣѹʱѾѾһˡ
һⲻڰɼҵķôͷֻһȻѾˡ
ˡ
ͻȻţҾ˵
ľȻǰãôһţп㣬ɫTֵʣã촩ôôƯ
˼ҵ·ÿ𣿡һ˵쳣ˣܵǰתһȦʡ
ÿҵ˵ͷʣ˰ã𣿡
һеԥʣ´磬˼˵𣿡
һ㶣ѾˣҲˣҾ͵˵ͷ
һҧҧѽ˼һᣬһ˵ǣǸ´磬ô죿


207 ؼ
˰õĻһ㶣ʶʣԺҲûɶɣǰͿ˰ôأ
õͷ΢ʣ𣿡
ۡ˭˵ģ˰õĻһæʡ
죬ҳ裬ǾǴӦôõͷߵʡ
һƣ治ҽ飬ôƯһҪ˵ԼûԽԼš
Ҫǰ찢˵һϡͿĴӦˣ뵽賿ͺ˼һճоǺϲ˼ܶԲ
ϾһദŮҲʶû죬ԴѧŵӾЩϲõһ仰Ǹãʵһֱ㵱ţˡ
¶ʧɫͷŶһ£תͳȥˣҿŰõıӰﰵ̾һøճȥûã˼ȻŽˡ
˵㣬ûºúõĻ˼Сɶ˼һЦҡ
ȥһûκ˼Ц˵ǰװͰ͵ģҲû룬ϲЦܱȿ޺ðɡ
Ȼˣڿɲں˼ǰ¶һϧӣæ˵ԩ㣬һֱѰõţģɱˡ
˼һƨڴϣһһ˼Сﳪʲô裿ɽĶҩ˽ġ
ⲻǲ֪ôҲоֶԲסģ˼һ˵֪һҲûġ
ź˼ϻԴĸ˵úϲˡ
ϲɶֲǸ߸˧ҲûӰҲ뺮˼ᣬæ
˼ɽĹﵱʲôˣӣƨɶӲ
СĽ㣬զܱôŮôŮô
ܳ㻹ǲǸүǣôôﰡʱúú˼ģʲô˼˵ҾʣʵڲҾùƯģҲ
а˼һת뿪ˡ
ҳһﰵ룬үѾҲİɣǰҹƌ˿ˣͻȻһ˻ܳٸ
ڰɼҳʱͦεģþ͵ͷû˵ƽʱػõġ
Ҳ˵Ҫ뿪ˣɱΪʲôôߣ죬֪ϼһָڰôôߡ
ϴүԭƽƽģҪҺͺ˼õĵҲҲоȷͦԲүӵģȡǧֽݸҲûֱӾˡ
ǰȴ֪˵ʲôˡ
ڶһ簢þҪʵկˣҺͺ˼ҲҪɽˡ
˸ɣұűͺ˼һ߳կɽ·ȥ˲ʮӣͳһֲ·
ǷֿʱˡãҪˣԼúչԼһаţ˰죬òûʲôʵĶãǮҲ̫ܣֻиȽϺá
õͷʣ´磬㻹𣿡
Ȼˡҵͷҵĵ绰ֽдҵ绰ԺҪɶĻҲҴ绰ҲһֱկлԳȥ磬ܾʵġ
šõ˵ͷȻתʵկķȥҺͺ˼һۣɽ·ȥ
ȻڹϲңҲֻǺøУʱͻǵġ
ûһᣬɽϾȻ˰ĸ
ֻΪȺж࿴һҲûżȻһӴҿʼµ˼ʱʱǰʱԺʱ
һկóͦģǸ׹ĶѨСʵܶºһо˵ġ
صԺ˼ֱӴ˻ķɻ֮ǰҲҺúչԼʱҡ
һصɶʱѾǵڶһˣ·ɻ绰ȻһȻ磬Ҹսӵ绰˵ʱȥˣ绰Ҳͨ
ⲻȥɽôûźţѾɶˣһȥԷͣ黹㲻Ͼ˼ҵĹϵȻûʲôչǰһЩˣ붼
Ըƨⶼ˿ʮˣ֪ɶɶô
ôˣҸое࣬ʱ֪ӦҪ˵
ˣϽ򸣴ã绰һʱ˵Եģ㶼ҷˡ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
æܵ·˸⳵Ȼͳ򸣴óȥ


 ɽ


208 ɶ
򿪼һɳϵỴ̈һݵӣ߹ȥɳϣչһʣɶ°úĩһ
ɶˡҡҡͷü˵
һ£ӣʣָôô壬岻ôСֲһ𣿡
ġ˵
ԭͷҺͺ˼뿪ĵڶ磬һˮһ߱еòȱȫһʬ塣
Ȼÿ춼ᷢʧȻûͻˮͰ淢ָõʬ塣
һʼΪһ׼ɱأȻ߻֮ûʲôϵΪǸɱ˿
߻϶ҹʮһ㵽֮ģѡһǾУһ񶷹ھʲôһܴͦļһȻװ΢¼ûй䡣
û뵽ʧˣǸֻ¼Ҳʲô豸Ҳ֪׷ʲô飬һͰҵʬ壬ҲǱеòȱȫģ༫䱯ҡ
Ǹ΢¼ڣʱмŵûȥƵһŻЩ죬ľ쾹ȻǱһֻһ׶ߵĺɫߵġ
Ȼ󱻵һǹŴջһĵطﻹкܶġˡȻһ˾Ϳʼҧ죬Ҳ뷴Щܴ󣬸ɲ
龭˵꣬Ҷʱվһ亹ʣſջ
ü˵ͷ˵ڻȷ֮ʱ绰ǸƵܲȷǺſջ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ߣ
첽ܻؾֱ֣Ӿܵ˼ţȥһ룬ˣȻ䣬ʱ䴩Ÿ״ӣһڿأҲֻһˡ
ɶ㲻Ƿҽôֵʡ
û뵽侹Ȼ쳣˷ܵĳ˵㶮ƨ֪֪⼸̫ˣ
һƵĻȻȫһЩʬͼƬһЩʵͼҾɶⰡû¶￴AƬҶܽܣһүſ
㶮е㲡̬˵ЩʬҴûǲ֪˿ڵָУǡ
˵˵ͱ۾¶һܵӣҿӣ̾˿֪һⷽȷе̬ϲоֲͬʬ塣
һ߽͵ʱƵԺ˽һʼƵˣľ춼ûʸ֪
ҪоƵô̫ѪˣһʼŵĸǿڹƻҽԺأû취ֻð̬ˣϾô꾯죬ǷҽҲϸģܹ۲쵽ܶϸڡ
УҵҪжѪȡҡҡͷ˵ҷŷţҾͲˡ
˵ͷڵϴһƵļһʼƵȥйһ
оû˼ͿСʱԺ󣬴賿һˣһܻĵطйأͻȻƵʹһ﷢һŮ˵Ĳҽ
˽ĳ˹ȥû뵽սӾһӰʱͰѻ涨ˣӰģ㱻ʾˣȻһֻɫĺ꣬ҿӦûܴ
ȻŷţˢһͱˣҪƵ񣬹ƻ֪ղŴܳʲôء
ȻƵĻҡΣ˰СʱԺ󣬻תһŴջһĵط
һܳǺſջ·Ҳһ飬Ǻܺõļ¼
ȻһѡˡģĳȥסȻҪĶӾͳӵٴȻֽҲҧºܶ⡣
ҪѪȳ̶ʵڵ⾪ǰ͸СһһɾĵҲ̫С⾪ǵӰʵ飬Щƾܲ˰ɡ
Ҳ湻үǵģٱ˲ˣҲѪܵģֻҪˣȻʹҲ·˹Ȼ֮ǰſҧס·
ʬʱҲҧ·ֵģӦͷ䵽Բ
̾Ϣ˵ҲģʱԺɿȡ·ȻŪ;͸ǯһֻмĲȡҲ׼Ӣ۵ĳƺš
ҿƵҪ˵ǾǳȻ⾯Ҳʶţ˭ԼͬྐྵȻ˱׳ҲΪеʡ


209 Ӣ۾
Ⱥѵ𣿵ɱ˸ʲôһӣҿһԱߵ䣬һ£ϸңûµģӴӵʱѾ֪ܶණˡ
˵ͷʣӻ˵ϴڴϾٹŸɵǻﶾģɶǲѪܵģд𣿡
ܳBҡҡͷҪǰ֮ǰǾʬŵǰ϶˵Ҫȥʡ
磬׾ûУ׾Ӧû֪һЩŶԡ
ͷˣ׾˵Ҳ֪ʱ͸绰Ҫ˵
æɣҳȥתת˸к߳ⲿţҺȻžее룬Щһɫææһ
ඣӣʱôȸղűˤһӣһ¼¡ͻȻԱ߾߳һŮ죬ʮɣɫԵĿ磬һҲһЦҶС˵¹ϵӣԼɣؼȥ
˵Ů͹˳ȥҿıӰҡҡͷһ̫ˡ
һ뿪Ը߻ҵİ칫ң칫ҿͦɾģӦרŴԺͳֻͲ׾š
绰ܿͨˣ׾Ž˵绰ԺҾʣʦǸſջɱˣô
ôկˣկСôʦڵ绰٩һԺ˵ˣˣ
᣿ʲô᣿ɻʡ
ôϵ䲻ǰɣʦ˵ȻǽBĻᰡǰûᣬھˡ
ˣʲô˼أҸ˵ͻȻʦǱߺ¡Ĵһ죬͸ըըһҾΰ£Ǳڴ̣ôô
ٺ٣¶ˣǾڴ̡ʦͻȻ˵ˣסлץһſջ֣ңȺִˣүģ
˵ڶҶ˵绰ҵ绰֮ǰžһǹ
ܳɶⰡʦòȥ˰ɣ˵һɵĵǺܶǮһĸо
ʦﻹеõϢץסһֻ֡
ЩҲǰèĵĹһҵϣͻȻͿǰΧһȦҶʱʹ漷
˰żȥһȻɵĲһʱֵŮڵϷǼһҲ˵СǼȥư棬⼸һһƦͲԼдǻ⼸ˣǹȻɣҪߣ⼸һ
ԭҲûµģϸһǹʱˣô⣿
ʱֵŮȻɺɺҶʱһŭ⣬ȥһһĶһȥһû뵽ͻȻɣû㣬ûüأֱӱһ߷
ĸһԼǱ˴ҲɺɺˣΧһʮ߰꣬δѵӸҴҵˡ
үүҽѵԼӻҪӴ򱨸棬˸ڵģ˭Сëûѧװ磿Һһ£һﶼûУһڼߣܵĻɫ
ҪǰһΪ˻еǣҾͶսǹʬҲ˲٣򲻹ǼҲ
Ҳ϶ҰǸʮ߰Сƨһ˵Ҵ򣬳ҵġ
ĸһСƨĻһǳҪңЦһ£ͳҵľ֤˵Ǿ죬ǲǿԸԤııɱأ
ԭһΪ⼸һٻᱻŵأû뵽ǸСƨȻ˵Цһ˵ܵǾ͵øǾٸӣŪоˡ
һֱӾʹӰͳһˮҵĴȾ̵ģµȥ֡
һ㿪һû뵽ǸСƨȻֱͳһǹ
ʱͿˣɶJBӢ۾ȸǹĺݽɫ
ȻҿóǸ߷µǹǹ뻹ܴˣһʱҲҶһͿǹ
ŰղŲǺôӳץӶôӢ۾ܵǸСƨָ˵ҴҶҾͱ
ĸһʱҧгݵĳ˹ȭԭ뷴ǹڣһˡ


210 ٣
⼸˵Ҳͦݵģľ͸ᵹڵϡ
ұסͷԼɺɺĶȺ˿ҴүǱһٵûɶҪɺɺһСˣھˡ
Ӵʮӣһžʮľ˹
ҵĸһо֣׵۵ģվһǸʮľ߹üͷĳ˵ʲôģΪʲô˴ܶŹ
죡ͳҵ֤˵˴ϵϷҸŮǷǹеŹ񾯣
Ǹһҵľ֤ʱɫѿС˵ǣԼ鷳ǷүүүǾֵ쵼ڵķֳҲйϵŪһųǹ֤ϽȥǸˡ
һȥôû˵ôֶأ
ǸνķүһԱʮľˣΪ֪ˣŵİǹߵǰǺһЦ˵֪˭˰ɣģңأ
ú˵ͳֱֻӲͨ˷绰绰ܿͨˣڵ绰Ǳʣӣɶ°ȥկǱô
Ҿ˵壬ջһӸˡ
ܳ˸㣿ɶطŪĴҾ˵óҵ֡
ţҽˣ˵귿͹Ҷ˵绰
ߣҿǰǵɪȻ᷿˿ŲͻȻӵ绰ӽ绰Ͷ˵˼仰ɫ䣬Ҷϵ绰Աߵĸ˴𣺡һɸⱻˣܳҵĵطҵˣӱȥ
˵һȺ˾Ȼһ̵ˣﵽ˼㣬֪һΪʲôôˣǻרŸ嵱֣зֳָǲƨɣȻµһĸо
ҲȺһˣܵɺɺǰʣôܳɶˣåˣ
ɺɺҹҲһŵĿʣû°ɣǸϽߣղǼһһͲǺˡ
ôţһ־ֳŮһåҵ٩ǻåԭ׼úýѵһµģһǺͷĹϵˣɺɺ־͸Ͻˡ
Ҵɺɺܵ򸻴һС˵ҩȻʹһ԰졣
ҺɺɺҲͦûˣʵϰҲһʱˣɺɺı仯ͦģžǰϲױڻһЩױ
ôͻȻܳɶˣҴ绰ϵ˿ڣɺɺʡ
ɺɺô֪ɶˣһֱϵ㣬һǸ̩ͬѧ֪ܳɶˡ
ѧˣѷûûȤŮѣҿЦʣɺɺҰ˸˵ˣʣ㣬ٳ˧㱾С㵹ǿԿһµΣ
Ц£ﰵɺɺû۹⣬ҵ˧޽ӽˣЦʣˣ㻹ûɶɶأ𣿡
ҳԱ˳ŵĹ棿ɺɺ˵˵ǹϷģѧԺϵİǰʱһϵңҹȥԾɴˣôɡ
УŶҹɺɺúƯһЩǵʣ漴΢΢üȻҲȦˣҲӵ;˵֪Ȧ϶ظӡ
ȥԾզҴɺɺ˵öǶԾģ˵ҲͻȻأ
ɺɺҡͷ˵аԷ˵ܴʲôһȥ
΢΢üʲôĵԾأ
ȥʱҴ绰ʱ㵽ſڰɣڳɶҲʶ·Բԣ
һ˵ɺɺŵ˵ͷ˵ðסƵģϸ绰ɡ
˵Ժɺɺֺ˵ģűı뿪ˣɺɺ뿪ҵĵ绰Ƿĵ绰ڵ绰ǱʣӣأҸе˰ѹóһȦûҵˡ
ܳ壬ȷе֪ҳɶҡҡͷ˵ҵľǸʲôֶӣͥڵİһѸϷˣ͸һ١
ȿȡڵ绰Ǳ߿һ˵˵Ҳ̫ɣǸˡ
򸣴ԱߵĹ԰˵壬˵ģֶһ㣬ȻһֳһXһͲ̫ˡ
ҲףǶ磬үϲһɶ¶Ȼ˵㣬ʵɱ˻治ңֻҪŪҲѹûµġڵ绰Ҳͦεġ


211 
ȻĶ˵ˣұϾǸˣҲ̫˵ʲôǰĹʱҲУ椣û¾ͺ˴ܶŹģڷ岻Ҳͦõ
ڹ԰˴ʮӣͿǸٻæ˽һҾһεܹ˵Ը磬ᰡǴˮҲ֪ǻԸ椣ɶҲ˵ˣϵܵͣԺֵܣµĻһ绰Ը׵ġ
Һ֣Цһ£ղŻҪɱҪεģھͳֵˣ̾˿С֪ˣʵҲͦõģܱͷãҾ˵ûɶ¡
ȻҲһ绰ˣͦģһ˵Է˵ϵ
ڵʱҲһ£֪з㣬ڻڶأӿ椣ԭҶСӻͦˬģϾ˸һ٣ˬйˣСͦģһֱϴ
ܿһʿͣ˹԰ſڣӳֻɫ԰׵ˣ·˫ȶڴߵǰεЦһ˵̫ˣɧͷֵġ
ҿⶪ˵ӿһָԱߵķ˵Ƿֶӣ㡣
裬ˡ
߹ȥ˵ãԺֵܣµĻһ绰Ը׵ģ
㣬㵽׸ֵ̲ܰסЦͷ˵ġ
Ҳĺͷ֣ͻȻע⵽ϵ˿ڣԵģ˸ˣ
ϾԱߣҾ˵ûУˤġ
ƨҴôˣ˿һ֪˴ģ˵˭ģӸ㱨𣡡Ұһۣ׳˵ˣ㿴·߲ˣأȥ˴ƵԷȥ
ԶԶԣԷ²ܵ顣һԷʱͰұ׵ԺˣҲһЦ˵߰ɣҵĳȥ
㿪һX5˵ģһʮСӿ⳵ĵ㿪ų˷˴ƵſڣҺ˽ȥһ䲢̫İ䣬ԺҲǵ˺ܶˣҪ˺ܶXOʲôģҲǲˡ
һˣܵóԻҺһŹĵ㣬ãֻ˺ʮǶš
ԭҺأôķǮľƾˣǰ̨˵ˣȻ˵ð㣬ҵĴԺ
ʱҾ͸оֵһ˭һʮĴҲõֵܰҹҵĵ绰ͱˣһӵ绰ڶҰܼӣ֪ԭԷǼǵķ̡
һϰ඼ҿԼĳ̫ˣǴȥľ֡
ڶ˯ʮԺͷеΣǲۣԭ˵кȺþԴģϴһ£һ緿䣬ѾûˣϾҪϰġ
ϴԺ󷴵ǲ֪øˣǰֳܸһ̫ˡ
ҷû£ڼſμǣǵĴʦְħ֣Ҿ룬ҪҲݱͺˡ
ֻửʵĵʿܶģҲéɽʿЩһ𣬵ʿץʲôĻи飬ûз˼һһħ
Ͼǲרҵģ˵㣬éɽĵʿ͸廪ѧҵĸֶ߲͸ҵĲ࣬ѧֶѧıϾֻʦһ˻߸Ķ
éɽĴɵĶѧϰвȻԣȻΪܴ󻯵ˣıȷޡ
˼һ£һû£ϻȺſջħˣֻ϶ʱѧһЩĵʹˡ
˼أͻȻֻҵͷһȻǷģҽ绰ʣι㣬𣿡
Ը磬ưأǸӸżнһ䣬ҸղһСܻеһеڲ˵Ҫҩʲôġ˵û˵ȥˣԴһ˵㻹ʲôϽȥŪǰ
治Ūڵˡڵ绰Ǳеԥ˵һǸгĶӡ
׷һǲᶯЩ߹ٵݵģҪһ˵Ļֱӳȥˣü˵ӰˣҿţԵġ
绰ҾͳŴ򳵳ưɳ˹ȥҲͦɺɺĵģҲеھΣ˵Ҫģȶ˾Ȼˡ


212 
ưɾסĵطʵǺԶӾܵܿʿͣưɵſڡ
һ³ͳžư˽ȥڲĵ㣬ưʵӦûŵģҲûʲôˣܽȥԺͿмжʮ˷վţһͷľǷ㣬˿ҲһȺС죬ʮ
ǻͦٵģֻװ߻ж͸һ
һû߽ѾϽ÷ʽɷˣȻŪ
ͷһװ˵һЦ˵үǷүںŮԱԣǴǹ˾⣬˵ķҸûץˣԲԣ
㣬أҽܹȥŷʣָȺ˺棬һǺ澹Ȼһ䣬Ⱥ˸
ȸƨҾˣ˳ưϵһ̻Ҹ׾˹ȥҲ𣺡Ҹǣ
ʮС໽еľͳȥЩģӦǾۻģ˺ʮ˴Ҳǳ˸磬ܿͱȺ˸ſˡ
Ҳȥ򣬵ȺСЩԺҳ嵽Ǹſ̧Ⱦ߿˰š
ͦģҲܶ࣬ŮŮһѣЩŮҲú٣ÿ˺ʹһȻʲôģ˰죬Ȼûҵɺɺ
ʲôˣԱʲôһͷļһܵǰȵһǵݡ
üͷԴһת˵Ƿĵܵܣгмҷ磬绰Ҳͨأ
ʱǴһǸģ˿һָۣŷһǣЦе˵ǺһСأˮˣȻߣҲŪԡ
ҳ˵ĵطȥǵطߺܰȻһСţӦһ䣬ܳҳȥһž߿ˣһȥһģױСһƣڸϺɺɺء
仹ͦ󣬾͸һķһװҲܰɫһڣɺɺ˵ɺɺߣ
ɺɺһң͸ǸӦþǷʽɵļһ˵磬Ҹ˵ĻԸ磬ڴѧرչҡ
ʽװģվ˵ãǷʽɣɺɺܲⲿϷ׼Ůһˡ
ϡüĿ֣ɺɺߣɺɺҲ֪ô£͸Һ棬һ䣬˳ˣѾ˸ɷȺʲôνĵˣЩŮҲµһǽǡ
Ը磬ŪˣȺ˲ҽԺɸʮǲˡһȥЦĳɺɺ˵ɩû°ɣ
ȿȣҽС˵ɺɺҪߣɺɺֵĿΧ˵Ը磬Ͻɣݱ˴ˡ
㻹ΪǵݣĿһɺɺɺɺ˵ͷʣΪʲôǰ
ԣΪʲôأͻȻʽҲӸŷʣ㣬˰ҵѴˣʲô˼
˾ʹ£ôţ㻹ҧңһһҲµĻӦ
üʽɣҾ͸ɺɺ˵ȥưſڵҡ
šɺɺҲ֪ԾһŮﲻ̫ãת˳ȥ
ɺɺһȥҲǳŷʽʽɣ治㣬Ūôƾ飬Щ뵱ǵУҵĴ˼Ҫϵڣﱻǹˡ
ʽۿŷ˵ڶʲôˣһװ᣿ˣҪǷ⣬ҲˣҲһȻģ˵ңϵĹˣ
ЩĸԸģ㣬ɴƭҩ
ʽҪڣҾ͵һۣ˵СӱҶܣɺɺãı˼ȻŪ㡣
ŴģŲŽҾͰҩ棿ʽһ˵
㶼ô˵ҽҪȷ㣬Ǻûӣ˵Աߵһƿӳžȥ
ЦҵֺܲôСˣһƿȥʽɹƶû뵽ܴһԺ˫۵ɵϴҡҡλεľˤڵˡ
ܳүģŪһ£Ϊү۸˵һҷԱߵһҪһӣϺݺݵĳ˼ӡ
ҴԺѹԱһ˿Աߵķ˵УӣֵһȥȾƣ͡
˧Ը磬гĶ˵ʹˣҲٵõЦȻҾһƱžưȾȥˣ˺۵ķʽɣ˵ģоˬеʮɱһˣǧﲻеĸо


213 ܽӴ
һܳưɣͿɺɺİСͨվڵ߸µأҾ͸˵ӣŸ缸ȥ¥ȺţҴٹ
˵˼ҵĸã˼ҴһĥȻܿ죬ҶԷĸоҲ࣬Ȳ˵֮ǰǲ飬ƾŽ˵ܾͰæܵ£ֵӦòˡ
˵ͷһ˾ˡ
ߵɺɺԱԺŷ֣С̫Ծɫͨ죬ͷȻ̣Ҿʣôˣˣ
ûɺɺͷС˵˾䣬ҿ˿ɫҲ찵ˣҾ˵סĸƵأȥ
Ƶꡣɺɺ˵ԺҲһֱŲ˵ɺɺһʿܿ͵˸Ƶꡣ
ƵǼƵ꣬ܺҽȥԺ͸ܵķ䡣
ķһ˼䣬ͦģһȥɺɺܽ˲ˮݺݵĳԼ
ôˣðˣҿɺɺģое㲻ԾҸ˵ɺɺȻһӾͳұȻͳҵ
ܳôˣʱɺɺǸƵģѵҩˣ
ûҶ룬Ѿɺɺ˵ϣϣʮֲʵ
ܳʹ࣬ɺɺʱҲͦٵģһTһţгȹ
žͰԼ¸ˣ¶˺ɫأģҺ޲һץȥ
ҵһңһߵ˺ҵ·
ܳҿɺɺ˫ѾȫԺˣ֪϶ڿ϶Ҳѡ
ҵʱͻȻ˵˴ҩҪǲǸĻᱬģȻֲԸΪ˾ˣʵǿССһµġ
˿ĭͿʼԼ·Ҳʲô˾ӣοʱ˵˾ˣһòĹĻȥҪ㷢ϵ
˵˾ӣʥҲܲ˰
һɺɺһʹԼ·¾ѵˣǿӵƤôҲⲻܳͻȻ¹ⱦ𱦵ʹˣԵġ
գ˾ӣ˾ӣʱҪ֮ΣҼֱҪǲ֮Σ޶磿
׼ҰѼֱӼԼƤʱͻȻɺɺһƿң˲ȻͷˮʹĳˢԼƵĲһ͸ŻˮܵɺɺһѼ׼Ƥء
ɺɺɫͨ߳С˵Ӹ磬ղԲҺƲסԼһ
ҿɺɺ΢һЩһ˵⣬Ů˧綼̲סҿġ
ԲˣСռıˡɺɺɫ΢Цһͷԭ˵ٶռһЩûϵģ˺Ƥû˼˵Ļ
ףôŰѼɺɺֵĿϵļʣ̾˿˵ҪǸղڿƲסΪ˱ҵĽڲֻһ׼ԾĹߡ
ˣɫǣϽ߰ɣȻҪٿƲס͵ñˡɺɺɫֺܽ˲ҿɺɺģ˿ĭԭߵ˼ʱʧ˵Ӱ١
ɺɺԺҾ˵ű㣬˯ߣȻȻƲסռ˱˶಻㰡
ҿռ˰ɡ
˵𣿡
ҿǰ

ҺɺɺһûһɺɺҲܵԼҾԱߺ졣
Ը磬Һ䣬ұ˯òãɺɺɫֺڱ˵
ôΥԭһǲģ䣬ǿΥһҸеԭ򡣡
ϴɺɺͲıظҵֱۣĺҲܼ١
̾˿ģһѣźɺɺʶôˣʵһֱãһ²ȥ֡
ԺҲ˯ˣԼ¾Ȼ˯ˣԲۣǸ˲š
ڶҾͱɺɺˣɺɺʹ·ˣ˶ҽӹɺɺֲ˼ģһ˵Ǹɺɺ˼ҪҲ˯ġ
ɺɺεһ죬˵ԣԸ磬Ǹˣ
ⶼǺˣһ£һЦһʡ
ûг֮ΣǸˡɺɺ˵ͷ˫ۿһգһգġ
ﰵ룬ϣ޵ģȴǴЦ˼£˵Ǻ鲻ǴҶ֪ô


214 ϻŮ
ʱҲʵҲоεģڳͺɺɺˣܳƵԺ绰һȻʮδ硣
һȻǷģҲǹֽģϾ͸˻ȥܿͽˣڵ绰ǱͦżģԸ磬ϽҸطʽǼһҪ㣬ڳɶڵ׵㡣
ǰɣһʣǲǲ֪ݣ
Ȼ¼СĳԱƲϹҲǸϡжˣʽϵҲǸг֪ݾ㱳ҪҲô˵ʽǼһڳɶĺڵͦйϵģоˣ¸ûء
˼˵ûҵϸҡҡͷ˵û£ˣԼСĵŶԡ˵Ҿ͹Ҷ˵绰
ʱ䣬ģһʿͻȻ֪ҪɶĵҾڴйԴҲ橵ĹϵоһĹϵ˼һ§׵ģѲɻװʲôҲû
㷢Ҳ֪ô죬ܲɳ嵽ǰ˵Ҫ㸺ɣһɶûأҸʲô𣿶ұ֤˼ɱҡ
ôĪľͷͻȻߵһſڣ̧ͷһϻ£ⲻǰʴ۵鹩Ǹô
֮ĽзܵĻҲûиҺ绰ҷû£ƿž˽ȥ
ģȻʱû̫Ҳǰ찡һȥȻоһ֮ĿҲƯ޵һЩɫɷܳǷ°Ҫ£ûʲôģҲû˿ħַϣĿжƯɷ
ܣڲڣߵþʹһ᷽ܾʹӺ˳Ҳûϳԭ⻨л⣬һһھһˣѶݽȥˣʣ¹ͷˡ
ҿӾ;ȵʣǣˣܳôˣ
ѽϴǵʿɣǸǿò׼ûù˰˲һˡһЦüͷܶͷȻкܶɷ͸һһ
ܶ˶˵ͷкù˵ɣܶͷһǣʩͷɷǶжˡ
ʵͷĺɷһ𣬺һùʱסĶͷסĺˣһ˹һʱͻɢеù죬ס۾ܿˣһҲԶˡ
Ѱĺһ־ǰⷽܺˣɷǶɷһ֣аɷŻŵģһҪǳĶ򽻵Ͼͻմɷ
ɫ䣬ҲЦЦⷽܣʲôһ˰ǣ˵˵
˵㻹˵ǰʱС椽ޣǽһˮ飬һţûҹϴˡ
üͷһʣﳤôɶʱҲʶʶ
Це˵ģϳȥڶϲŻľ˯ȻҴȥʶʶ
ϳȥ֣ͻȻ뵽ɶ飬ѵָֻɵģҲҴ⣬˵ĸ¶಻ãҰʱʱһ¾ͺˡ
ڳֿȭʲôֶ϶ûȥ˰ҲӦ
˳򳵾ȥҲæ˸绰Ͻٻм¡
ؼԺҾ͸æҵı鿴һ£ľһڣаֻˣկԺҲûʱ仭·
ʱͻȻžΪˣһȻ죬һͷģȻǷʽɣʽɿһЦһųҶ˹
æһ㿪һţʽܵӾŪ㣡Ұץˣ
쿴Ƕʮ꣬ӦòǾֵˣҾ˹Ҫңܳʱ͸оˬˣ׼ȥеأѾĸӵҡ
Դһתϳŷʽ˵磬Ǳ˺ҲǷ⣬־ֳҪ಻ã
һԺ󣬶ʱҲһɫҿʽһŵ棬Ҿ˵磬иϻ£ɧǣ㲻ϲŮôǾԷθڣⲻ֪˸׼ȥôȻȥ


215 г
ʽɶ°˼Ķһֶʱ˵
ϻʽŵ˵ҪƭңһͷŪѾģӣ
ǣŴֱ˵ϻ¾ܵߣСЦ˵ӹҲϾ壬ҲѹϵŪҲװӵǸŵ뿪ˡ
ǰŸҲܻˣܻʣɶ°ôң
ûɶ£ԭȥڣȥҽžͰͷʽɷìܺ͸ղŵ磬˵ԺҲǹЦӾ͵ô˸ɵġ
˵ԪʵҲһ˵йϵһ˵ôƽʱǲģܳһʮûģЩϽ̣ӹһӲʣЩ̵ҪȥˣҲͻˣǰ̻ڵĺܶཫʿܳ١
־ģǺöֿʹҲǹʱܶɱ˵ԭʵҪɱˣһӰ˸ˡ
Ƿʽӵƨ£á
Ҳɺɺ绰׼ʲôɺɺ׼ˣϾڶ飬֮ǰƭģڶʱҲרȥĻҲ֪˵ЩɶҾౣأҲǵͷʾˡ
뿪Ժû¾緿㻹伸˳ȥȾK裬ÿֲ˼ڵʱˣȻǷг
ŷһưȾأһˣʮ꣬һĳȵҺͷԱʣ˭ǳ»
㿴˾ֵ˵Ӱʲô
ǸҲǲ˵·ΰǷʽĸס
һϵľƱžһ¾͵˵ϣæվЦ˼˼гû뵽
ҿӣҲһЦѾģͥڵгӣģⷽΰҲ󷽵İ˰˵רҳ»ġ
ʲô£ʵѾ֪ˣȻΰ˵ǰʱ˵ȮӺͳ»˵СìܣǸģСӲЩ˵Ӧһ¶Բԣ
ҶСʣԸ磬ô°ⷽгǲԴ˰
һЦ˰˵ʱ֪ǷгĹӣСĵӣǲ˼ⷽг£Ҿͺ̫£ôһʱˣҲ֪Щ߹˵ϲӣñ˲¡
УȮӲ£»ôҲ¼СĳԱдǸһǵõġгƤЦⲻЦ˵Ȯ˵Сë»֮ýѡ
ͷһ仰ǰѾĵϸˣһ仰ڹˣΪŪаӵġ
С֮ҲӲãгǲˣҿɲƽ޹ʵľ͸ֱ˺ڹгüͷһҪڣҿһԱߵķ˵гﲻ˵ĵطط˵ô
гһΧˣ˵ͷҲ˵˾û£ͺͷг߳˾ưɣгĳͣſڣгžϳˣҲȥ
ϻһʮ˾֪˾Щ߹ٵţҲֱӿ˵гûˣҲͲˣӵ֪һģһϻֻŮר˾ǣ֪ǲȥȥˣ
Сгһüǰ˾ʣ˾˵ͷ˵гʽȷ춼һܣҲ쿪ʼġ
гü˵С£ôûɣȻ¼СĳԱ֪Ϊʲôȥ
棬ǾûǲжģǱܣҲûںֵֽʱ򱣻仰ֱӾˣҪǺɫȥˣ˵
гһʱҲˣңǲֻҪֻȮӾܺã
һӵ׳ʲôˣѯг̾˿˵
ԭǷʽɺǷܲ࣬첻ݵøѻƬһһʼгΪҪŪأһ֮²֪ⷽʽȥһŮģȻ֪˷ʽɺҵìܣҵҡ


216 ׼
˷гĻҲǴЦֺﷴһھζûУʽԼеŪרƭŮѧϴŪҶоʲô
ͻȻҾܾǰһ仰ʱʵֻ£˵ʽİɡ
еʿգʽȨƵأ˭ܳͽأֻԼķõһѵ
ǲֻҪŪҶܺأгѯʣҡҡͷʵ˵ߵʧԺûа취
гҵĻԺɫҲڵþ͸ҪγˮһƲ֪ľãӦҲ˺Ҫһ֡
е˰ɣʱΪʲôֹʽɣгЩʦĳʣƲ췴ʣǷX˼ѧʱгôֹ֪أֻأƶбǲʱδ
㣡гһŭ⿴ңؿھʮһ㡣
ʲô֪ģϣг¿ԺúõĽһ֣ԼյģɡҲûɶ˵ˣ򿪳ţתӡ
ԺͿվھưſڣһǵĿأһ³ܹСʣԸû°ɣûɶɣ
û¡ҡҡͷ˵ɫҲˣϽؼҰɣҽ飬ˡ
Ȼͷʽˣô͸øˣ˵ֲôǲ˼ģҴ򳵾ȥ绰ҲϽ
Ǹأӵҵ绰Ժż䲻Ը˻λãûŪ·ĵزԺҲ֪ҪˣҲ£ֱӾܽʰĶˡ
Ҳóһ£ʱҲûʱ仭ЩҲˣʱ䣬ϰ˵㣬Ӧûû߲ǡ
ϻҲǺԶҾͱűϻȥ·ҲһµȻô
ȻԼоͦţǱϾֻ֣ǲܴģ˵ȻᵽȥǸֺס֣ﲻ󡣡
ҵ˵ͷֺһЩģߵϻ⣬ҺС˽ȥϵģɷˣ΢΢üڿҪҪ绰
ʵһ룬Ҳʲô鶼ˣܵöԼȻԺԼһұ˰æأ
ȥԺǷŪ˸ϯڴʴأҺԺĳ˵ǣôôòǰ˸СӣǶġ
翴һȵʣԲۣˣôˣ
˵ˣ̫ˣҸ㡭ܸ˵ʲôŶ˵УҶеۣȻᣬȥϸWCаɣ
СܴⷽߣԺܶӲݣһŵķ䣬ʱһţָһдŲĵط˵ǲǣԼȥɣȽȥ˵˵
СҺͷ
ŷ˽ȥɫһóһīȻͳɰĺڹѪī棬Ȼīߵһͷݸ˵ȥŪ󣡡
ҺīǽϾ͵ҿӢĽʬӰɡ
ī³ʦоģаɷЧǽڣϵһͼ
˵ͼҶİҶ֪ͼ֣֮ʵͼǺһ֣ͼһ֣Ŷݼף˵ͼʵŶݼеһ
ഫʱȺͻʵ¹ԵУŮʹʵһ飬ʵⱾԵУȣⱾ鴫̫У̫Ȿ鸨λ
Ȿ鴫һлʯϣһʯһˣЬ£˸Լϣȥ˸Լϣԭһ룬Ѿ˼ˣֺη
ʯ˼ԼЬ˵ˣҸһ
˾Ͱһƾɵˣһ¿ͷȻⱾ鴴ã˾ͽȻⱾΪŶݼס
ŶݼױõɾġǷɰͼ


217 
ȻҶڰͼǺܶҲ֪϶ֻһ
Ū˴ʮӲŪãҺһۣ˵ͷ׼ˣߵԱߵĲݴԶʱ׼Ҳߵſţ֣λ׼û
ܿ췽ܾ˳εĳЦ˵WC죬Ҿ˻ᣬһȥˣھһ棬Ȼ3Pǡ
һüֻһҿ˿ˣһһŪһ˵Ҹ˵磬ȳȥᣬ⸽ҹֽŵġ
Сһģƨƨ߾ܵˣҿ˵ģ̾˿ʲô˰һúõķֽңҡҡͷžͽȥˡ
һȥŵһɵζװ絹ͦɫģľҾߣһζ
ˣңһӴķģһ˸оͷˣһȥһĹﾹȻڴϣʵ˫ۿңҲ̫ݵĸооرȡ
Ҫǲֻ֪֣Ұٷְٻ̲סⲻͬɺɺδСǧĵĸо
ݣﰵһӱľװˣ˾ǣǺξģ
Ǹһҳľɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻһѹԼ·˵СŮΣ
գ治ܣǸүǣ㶪ľͳȥˣҧ򶨣Ȼȵˣʲô
ѹ·־ȻһˣޱߣСŮôˣʲô
˵˵Ѿ쵽ǰˣʹһҧԼ⣬ͷһ۴˲٣ȻһѪ˹ȥ
ֹֻû뵽һôϣֻǶԼģţͻȻһ¾ûж㿪һѪϡ
ֻŮסıѪæ˺ܿŮ¶ԭ͡
Ȼһֻ˵ӣѾȫһë׵ĺɫģ˵úܣʱǵ˼ҲȻ޴档
ʿȻ㲻֪ôҾͳȫ㣡ӾȻҲĳ˺ܶɫëӣƬ̣ͱһֱһ׶ߣ׶೤ĺɫ꣬Ȼβ͡
˵һӳҵؿھ˹ſѪڣƺҪһҧһæͳһа𣺡֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
Ҳ㣬ӾȥȻֺܴ󣬵аĵҲǺ¡һͱ˻ȥײڴϣľײϡá
ʿеУǸ˵һӳľʵĴײȥײôܣһһЦǵطպþĵطȻҲҴ⣬ϾһﾭӣҸæ˳ȥ
ȥԺͿǸ꾹ȻԺм䱻סˣһɺϸСĶһȻ֮ǰǸͼʱЩԭӦڵϵȻ˷Ĳֻꡣ
ɣģˣӶҪ˫վڲݴͷ󺹵Ĵ
ҿһȻģﰵЦҪر壬ⶨȥƾ͵úƸˡ
ʱȻЩ߲ţȻʹЩߺҲʮι̵ӣҲҴ󺰣ӣٶŪסõģ
ҵ˵ͷͳʣµаҲֻŷܶճ˺ˣҳȥֱŷһǣһüģȻʹ𣺡֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
䣡
һ졣
𣡡ȻһܳȻûңҶʱ֪ôˣҲֻŷ˺ȫȥûҰ
磬ûŪô찡ѯʱͷ󺹵ģɫҲǺѿ͸صһҧгݵ˵ô֪ٸסʮ룬ҿ춥סˣ
˵ҲǿڸԼһģʹ࣬͸ƨɳ̴һʹ࣬ȻҲòȥҲǼҪǲŪҪܵҪˡ


218 
֪ô찡ݣֻľ𣺡
ҳȥһȥԭھҵһĶͷȻһɫϣҿȥ͸ʯһͣһۡ
סˣεĴһʱЩɫ޹һŭһ˻һЩɫӦϡ
ҵİͼȻˣȻʲôʹߵʵǺҪģԼ󷨱ƣɫ쳣԰ף𣺡ӣ㶥סȥ취
˵Ⱦȥٶ֮죬͸һһ
ݣﰵһҲ֪ʵҲûôֻҪû󷨣Ǹս
ҲˣѾľС
ԭҺѹŴĺܣ˫ɱĿң˵Ȼ˽ȥɣ˵ŭһ˹
æԱһ㿪һ£æ˵ԩԩ౨ʱ˰ȻǱˣԺզ
ȥĿЭҶ㿪һβ;Ȼ䳤βͱ߰׳ҾͲ˹һأβرܿҵĲӾͱһβ͸Ĳסˡ
βܴ󣬲ҵĲӣܿҾ͸оʼһβҲѸٵİҵӸһá
ꡣһԺҲ˵ˣԴγ
ͻȻҾȻһɫ˹Цӣˣ
ҿƨƨߣһ˷ܵӣʹ˸ƨӶˡ
Ҳˣǵû¶µӣЦһģ
ܣϣƭӣǸȣźƨһȥ𣺡ǣ
û뵽ǸڿʱȻһɫķ⣬ҵĶ澹Ȼһ΢ķ
ɫҲѿͶ㲻ˡ
һ졣
ҲӵĺβʱɿˣҵڵϴڴڵĺղűŪȱҵ㣬ʮ뻺ҲͷһǸȻѾڵϣ䷢ƨѾϡá
Բۣõʲô⣿ҳǸȿȥʱȷŽ⣬䲻󾪡
Ȱڳһ˧˵ղ׼սԳˡ
һ£ܡ
һ˵һ
ղ׼أȥײǸܣ˵ķ֣˵Ƿһ֮ùæû뵽ȻǸЦ
ҲһϲүҵģȻָܳڲʱ򣬵ͷһǸѾˣһֵĿǸȡ
ȥŰŰ
ҵĻұģ˫ֳ˺⣬һȻʺɫһƬɫһ䣬ݣѪ
ѪڱʱͬھᱬըѪڱϣ˻ܵ䣬Ľֵʵ
Ȼ֪Ѫ絽ʲôܺòȥƤˢһ¾ˣ¶ѪǲϵĹĵģ͸Ҫըһ
ݣ㣡ҺһۣתҪܣͻȻǽһԭҪըĺȻͦһ͵˵ϣûϢ
翴˲ͷĺˮݣΣգ
Ĺܵҿȣ૵ñ
⵽ʲôôôҾȵ˵
Բۣôôֻں𣿶ˣأʱҲŰѲ˵ڵ˽ŵѪܵʬʡ
ǣȵģҳŷʣܱһʾҡͷ˵Ƿǰİôˣ
ˣطϻ°һȻ
˵ϻͻȻһ˵
ϻǷģ֪λ֪֪ܴʦȸ˵һĹ¡
ķʦʣĶ
ܵ
ʣ㵽ʲô
ܵ£ֻ𡣡
ⲣˣôܹɷأ
ܵȻϱ֣֮ȴûϱ֮ⲣȻвͬʲô𣿡


219 
ˣ֪ܸܺãǳˣ̸ཻ䣬ΪͽڶңĻպ⵽˵ļʺų⣬Ǳ򷢵Էס
һ¡ðСزΪ̤ԣò˩һʯͷҹͣڿҿҵ˰˸µס
һ죬Ѵټһ𣬸ߴ˵´޳Ѹ١Ѿˣѡһӷˣȷʦķϡ𷨲˼飬ʵ֤ǧҪΪס˵ķ¡ȥԸԼдһӸҿ˷⣬ҾͰѷ´Ϊ档
ʱ£߰ٶɮˡУΪɫ
ǽʦ֮ͨѧΪڽ˵ҵõغ˵ľˣ֮󣬹۵֮ƺţ֮⻹˭ܹأǲķдʲôˣ˷³Ϊ棬Ƕֹˡ
ڵۣ룬֮ԲдӣΪǵĽʦӦгӡ
ȻҳΪ󷨣Ϊ˶ȡλҲгӣô֪мǳأܵõĴأȥ˼룬죬һӣҹ˾ʱ͵͵дȱϣд
̨ʱʱڷãĪʹǳ
ڶ糿澭ʱ򣬺Ȼʣ֪ȻûļԣǣУǿԵ桢ġˣ滹ǵ˵Ӵ̾Ҫڷдʣʶޡ
ǣ˽滹Ǹ˵ӣûļԣػλ⡣˼⣬ᣬ˲ɵáڵʶԱġԱмȡ˵꣬Ըһʡ
ǣȥˣûµ
һ죬ԷףλͯӣǰͯӾͰԸԼô֮ʵһһ˻ܡ
ˣͯӵˣҲҪдʣԵԴҾһֱף˸£ûеǰҵдӵȱǰݡ
ǣͯǰ˵Ҳʶ֣ʱݱԣΪӡ
ˣ˵Ҳһӣݸдϡˣǳȡ׵ģҲӣϣУ
ɫѧᣬڳѧǣûǡˣޱˣæлӣҸд㽫÷ˣҪҪȶҡǻʵ
᱾̨һδǳ
Ӹд꣬޲㵡ˣ˺ܣЬưѻܵĨˣ˵δԡ˼ô˵ҲͲΪ⡣
ڶ죬˽Էʯͷף˵֮ˣΪӦӡʵ𣿡ܻشӣǷɸڡ
ͷ±뿪ˡ˼ڵʱ͵͵ҡĽΧ˷֣Ҹ⡶վ
Ӧסġʱ򣬻ܻȻԭһ򷨲ԣһ˵䡱ԱԼʱľϲͼأ
Ա徻Ա𣡺ԱԾ㣡Ա޶ҡ򷨣
֪Ѿ򣬱㽫ٽ̷Լʦ²ܣ˵Ϊһ£С֮ʮءˡٽּΪšȻ΢Բʵ۲أ״ҶߣչתڶʮĦڴÿɴʦϮڽ񣬽ԷøꡣԱϾԻ֣ع֣
ʦ·֮ʵܣ¸ˣ
˼ǷѾˣ¸ý˭أ
ش˵Ħʦδ֮ţʴ£Ϊ壬СĴģԽ⡣ԹŷΩ壬ʦʦܸġΪˣֹ𴫡£˿ȥ˺ꡣ
ʦʣ
껳ֹҲء
˵꣬԰ѻҹ͵Ž䡣ǰܣԺ𷨽ͨˡ뿪÷꣬ҽšϿϷߣΪ֮Ҫڳ뷨⵱нѡ
ʦһζ棬ȻУ¾͵˴롣
߻ܺüûá˶ɻϺǲˣǷ׷ǰȥʰ˵ûвʦ²ͷѾϷȥˣ˴󾪣ʵ˭õ²ش˵ߵ֮
ŻȻ򡣴˺ǰϷ׷ɱʦȡ²һĶǵĹ¡Ϊ˱ⲻ⣬ʦһ˶ӻ˳ʮ֮á˺Եˣʦݷ£ӡڷʦȣʼԻ͵ĺ뷨ġ
ͻܴʦĹ£еʱҲһЩСⷽڵϻ±ǵܴʦȣӦþǷ棬ܴʦµķ


220 
ģǿǱȲ˵նħǧʷǻܴʦǰµĶһµŶ˹ƹҳһˡ
ܿҺʣأ
Һһۣͬ˵ûְ
ģղҺҸںԺֻ󹷣ⲻȥҪһô㵸ĽҲͷ
ԭģһĻ˿˵ԭˣҾ˵ʲô򹷾ʹ£ƭ˵ʲôְ⹷ͦģӦúˣ̧ȥǼȰɡ
ʵ治ַܹ񲻺ʹѪܵģƤΪҪѪƤѾ˵ϣβҲںüԶʱڣҲû
̧ʬߣҺһۣҾ˵ǣ⹷ԣһ£ˣ
𰡣ֵܳǴ󲹵ġһۣС˵Ҳ˵ǿɲУ⹷Ǵģһһԡ
ܽȥͿʼˣҺҲϽβ͸ĴϲˣȻԺӵĴ򶷺ۼһ¡
Ҳ£һֻһȫʰ˲źá
ܽѾѺʬеһСһСģȻϴʲôĶͦġ
Һ絽ˣҲģҾͳŷʣ㵶ͦõİǰӣ
ҡҡͷɵЦĵ°ǰ϶û¶ٵģû¾ȥ㹷ԣСҲС
Ҿͺܲʣ˵ǵаᣬȥɵɶҲǼģǵС
ǿɲһ⻰ҧгݵ˵Ǳƭģǰ˵µĺнٶÿͳԺζģû˻ܴοͣ˻ܳɸʲôɮȻÿһЩĸ߹ٸƨȻոŮ
һ˵ͷ˵ҵĻҲ뵱УڵĺҲǰЩ賿ˮÿ컹ʲôġ
ʱҾȥϻӦƸУҷ䵽ôƨطһݣҲ֪Ϊʲôûʲô𣬶ռع㣬ڳɶеĵضΣǨӾȻ춼ƵطһЩ浱С
Ⱳֻ뵱У˵͸٣ȥԱû⡣
˼Һ˧ôһ˷ܵĿ硣
ҡҡͷ˵ǣ˵ЩվϲСձڻңͷ顣

Ǿͷһûһܿˣһȫ⣬Ͼô֣ǸæһҺһڣо͹ʵͦģлһɵζ
ź룬Ҳ֪ǲãое΢ʹĲӾȻ˺ܶࡣ
ҲͦܺȵģɣͱȽϿˣӦа룬ȻС룬ǺһҪȥһɲԭһɻΪʲôôĺ˵˲ף׳
ԺҲǹĹĵģүû¾ܵϯȥҹе΢磬ž˯ˡ
ڶʱǱ˸ѵġ
Ժ۾ҿ˿ҡңҴ˸Ƿʣ硣
ˣʽǼһˣС˵һһӾվҿ˿ûˣʣأ
ڳأǼһǮڷܸһתء۾˵ⲻҪģҪǺһĻһŮġ
Ůģüͷ˵ͷ˵йùζ
ѵֵֻͬҺһۣҺһ뵽⣬̾ͳųȥ
ƿܽȥһڸʽɺһòŮӳأŮӿŶʮҰɣƯɱȺܶǻˡ
͸˵ϻһɵɫɷӦþʣµִֻˣ
ûй䣬Ҳû󣬸ûкֶֻıǮҳգգ۾ʾȥȣڴأ绹ǱǸ˯ľ
ͷתܳȥˣһֵܵ˵ˣˣһ£Ĺͣʽ
ͣޣҰ˷ʽһʣʲô


221 £
ʲôߣϱˣôˣʽһ§ԱߵľɫŮ˵
ҿŷʽɵģ̾һӣ㶼ܸô鷳ʱʽɻҲ˺ܶ࣬ȻûзôţҲȷʵûʲôˡ
ҳЦʵС㣬⹷úô˵ɵٴһֻʶԲ
⻰Ծвˣᵽһ˿ɱ⣬˲ʧӰ٣Цô򣬾¹鷳
üͷȻֵ֪ڵ̬ѾˣŪҲ£˰æ
ʽɴ˵ܳʲôˣԹ⣬ĸ۵ΪһҸӽа壿
һʽ˵һЦһԱߵǸɫҲһڣʱҲ˽һ
̧־ҪǸŮȥֵȾȻûӷ⣬ǻҰ޹أͨȶ磬һŮϣŮҲװģĵڵϡ
ǷˣŮ˸ʲôʽɼǺһ򵹾Ȼɫ䣬һı³һŮʲô
粢ûм֣ü֪ΪʲôͻȻʧЧˣҺҲˣϾûһë˷ŭɵĸҲ˵׼
磬˵ˣɷģһͲǺˣˣǸϽӰɡֵԺȻŷʽһĵ˵
ܳͳݼҾ͵Աٷְø˹ʽһһȻ˵ã£ڣ˺͵ôʬ̤ȥ
磬ҲҪŷʽɵ˫֣˫ۺĿŷʽһʹģ
ʽ˵ãҲģһһֱ㣬ǲ˵Ҫ˴˵ʹ𣿡
ܱܳܲôģϳԵúܱҮ¡һƤ治ҲЩڵӾС˵滹УᵽʵԻλܸоˡ
Һҵĺ氮ЩԴAV˼ô⵽ʲôǰʽɹԼӾˣһ˵Ըһͺû񡣡
ҸоǲһԪģÿŪ˵Щ鼦ʵܲˣĲ˵ҪʽɣǷܸϽס˵лú˵Ƕˡ
ʽɿס磬ŴȻվסǸֱ˵ɣֻҪܺͺһηǰǰǰ
˵˵ӻŽܵǰԭķҲʹӣһ˷ʽɵƨϣԵģ̫ˣ˵䲻ĳ裬㳪B
ʽɱһһߵڵϣҲǺվҪͷۣǸס˷ʽɵ˵磬ǻǸ°ɡ
£ȻһֱԱûɶ£ʵһֱ˼ΪʲôҪͷʽһܻճ˵֪Լͬ鱻ŪԺҪôǱҪôǶ
ȴŷʽɻˣѵ˵ʲôǸȤֻǸſջ󵱼ҸȤĶ
뵽üͷ壬һϵȣѵΪȣҴʱͦġ
Ҫ۸㿪ʽŵĳŷ˵һ˫Ž⣬Ҳ˫ֺʮ˵ٷʩôأԸһǮ֤ķ⣬԰תø¾ǸЦˡ
УŷôЩŷĻһҰ˷һۡ
ҡͷ˵ʩˣǮû蹻㱣ѶûǷƾʲôأ԰ɡ
кܶǮһð֢ôأ
˵ҪǾʮٵǽû⣬ôǾǿҷǳҪӣ㿴ϴϴ϶㰡ҪǾǧ϶踣졣
ӣǮ͹ˡһԵѯʣʽɵ˵ͷ˵С˼ѣϵȥȼξƾˣȻȥǮҸ㿪ŷƱˡ
ҿһԱֻ¼磬ﰵЦҲ֨Ҳ׼ˣΪʱΨһľֹʽˣܼ򵥣һ΢ĶǺô˵ܶٶ汻˱ϲġ


222 Ĺ
ʽ˵ԺҲһȻҲ˵ˣ뿪ˣҲ˷ܣȻߣϾ˼ҵĶ
ڸô죿߳ϻԺҳѯʵ˼һ£˵ȥܼܰ
ţôһȥ׼һ˵ԺͺͷжҸæܻӣһѻֽɰڹѪͿʼаֱʱŻš
ԭ׼ģϸһ룬ʵʵް˼ȥоǵѧˡ
ҰѷʰãȻϱܳţ˸ʿøȥ
棬ͦõģܶ࡮ʦأͻȻеĽˣԵģϵˮһüǧüǧ׬浶ǹָɼܵķûɶô
ߵ칫ſžͽȥˣһȥͿſ˯أһҽʹ˸Ƿվ˵ӣһ첻úϰڸɶ
壬ڷܺѧģѧǵҸо̫Ҳúʹ冪£ֱӾ˵ҵĿġ
˵ͷ˵ɶ֣ѧ㶫ҲУѧʲô
ţ磬£ѿھ˵˳һۣ˵׾ϴθǿӱ޳˶԰ɣ
šҵ˵ͷӦߴģ͸˵֪Ϊʲô׾ֻͺ˼Ӷ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ȥ˵Ϊòϣ͸ǰʱһͰôŪĶ̫ǲˣһɮԲĶһĹ¶档
£
š˵ͷ˵ͷ󷨲ͬ󷨿ݺڹѪɰȶħ֣Ȼĸ涼ͦӣ䲻ڣûкڹѪ֮ħĶȻͷˡ
ҵͷѯʣװʲôϵ
֪ΪʲôЩʿЩҲϲ£ǹˡ˵Ͱɣһ˵Ĺ¾͸ԼܵԽ࣬Ϳʹõû˹ǿʹõͻʹõԪ
΢΢üʣⶫôôֿŵĶ
ܶ˶ǺһоⶫţʵϢϢأҲʹõҲԴˣ㹦»ܵһ̶ȣҪʱظͿԸѣꡣ
ֲQQԱѡ
ô˼忴˵ǸҪϣͿԷĴ󵨵ʹõˣҲΪʲôкܶϲ÷ԭ򣬿ԽʡԼĹ¡
ʣǸ̹·㲻㹦£
һ˵㣬΢ҪΪºܺûۣҪѧҿԽ㣬֪أҪõȻ¿۹ͻԪҲǺܶõԭ򡣡
Һ踣죬ɣҵ⡣ô˵СʱҲȥ̹·֮İɣ¿϶١
ָңȸĹ£ҡҡͷóһ̣ʣ⻹𣿡
Ȼ̫׼ȷûġ˵ͷҸæֱȥ̾
ԭһΪ¾ģû뵽ʮӶûͷͷҲǴ󺺣ϵָҲԽԽ졣
ܳѾҵİһӾͳŵȥ̫ˣԵϱ𰡣ôô๦£
զզˡһ£е㷢Ĵʣؿܴ󣬺ܼ٣˵ݷ𣬹ûоһ㷨ҵĹһ㷨ĹĻҵλ
ɫ쳣ƽ˫ֱĿʣԵϱǲǾ
ҡҡͷ˵ɳˣͻȻʦǰ˵һһתЩӦһµġ
˼ʱ򣬴徹Ȼıҵֱ˵Ѱɣֵ㹦¸ҡ
ԲۣҲ壬侲㡣ҿŴģͷ󺹣ŵ绰ʦȥˣȻߴﹾĸʦ˵˴һѣҸҿ϶϶˵Ĳģߴﹾġ
ҿŴӣֻֻԼ
ιӣ㵽ôˣˣ绰ʦֵʡ


223 
ҽžͰľȫʦʦԺȻЦ˵Сӵǰ򵥰򵥰
üë˵ǰǰⱲӾԼʵʲôʲô˵ת
ʵҺܾǰ˼ˣ֪ǰԼ֪ǰʱ˼ˣȻһһǰͬҲܺһ¡
ǰļڻָˣǸǰһǻһأ
Ҫֻ֪ǻ˶ʮ겻ʶռ壬һһٶļԴлָʮļǾͱһӹˣ˵Ҿͱһˡ
˵úã㾹ȻҲزҾңҾǶһ޶ңǰǰңʦڵ绰Ǳߺ񷴶ܸһ˵Ҳ˵һɡ
ţ˵Ҹоʦˣʲôѡ
˼ʵϲġʦڵ绰Ǳһ˵꣬˰죬˵ţ֪ʦ϶û˵ꡣ
֪Ϊʲôһֱ䵭ǲôʦڵ绰Ǳ̾˿˵뵱СٻʼΪǰļŶкøУȻϲ㣬ˣΪǺ˼СٻҲɳǳ»ԡ
˵ˣϲǳ»ԣϲɳìܣΪָĺȫ棬Ϊǰļָ˴룬ɳļֻǻظһֶѣ鲻ָо
ڶԺ˼ǌ˿Ůϲ˵ദ˶һϤУУԳƵϲ㻹ָһеļ䣬ͻᷢԼᰮˣô˵׵ô
ʦһ˵꣬Ҿüͷ̾˿ʣôָܻȫأ
ָ˰ɡʦЦˡ
ҡͷ˵ǣֻ뿴ɳСٻ׷ʲôŻ˹ǲŻӰϵô򵥣ͻụమ϶ԷֻǺѡ
ŶˣǸſջҲܺŶƽõʱˣԣץɣΪһʦܰޣϵôһ죬ǰľҲˣڴһЩǵһ죬е
˵ԺʦҲҶ˵绰Ҷϵ绰ԺҲ˿Ա߻ڷĴʣ壬ʦ˵˶ء
Ҳָ˺ܶ࣬˵ȿȣղʧ̬Ǳ߱չģһ
˵ͷߵǽǵıչϴˣźܶණ˹֮ռһһһ壬ʮ׵Ķòš
Ա߻һ飬ͦƾɵģܱһҳҰó˴ʣҵľ𣿡
š˵ͷЦЦָǸɫĺ˵򿪿ɣ
ҵ˵ͷĺɫ죬澹Ȼһһ峣ĽУģҴУͷһ澹ȻһѺ
ѽһѽʦ֮ǰӽһʦӽȻҲǺһѽһɺȻѽȴǡǡ෴֮һϢѽһֺаĸо
ʲôüϵĽʡ
ٺһЦ˵˵Ӯᣬɹ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ӯ䣬ɲĴʬ𣿡
ָĽ˵˽ޱȣʦⱾҾ˽ⲻˣҲʦģ˵϶ϲ
ҵͷһϵ飬ϲû֣ҷһҳһҳдŰ˸֣޼Ǭ跨
æ󷭿һֵףɣԪϡ
ⲻӵҿһ¿ھЩȻǵϼĵر׵Ŀھ޼Ǭ跨ʦ˼ҵɶⱾɶ
ҿ漸ʱҲ۾һԪǶͲ˵ˣΣ̫󣬵ôĵȻУϸһ룬ڰ޳ӶˣҲûɶϡġ
ҸϽСİⱾȻ𽫳ԽԽϲ
ˣСӣôöʱӳԷ˵Լߵɳ˯ˣһСƵ˵ôô๦µء
ʦ֪Ϊʲôô๦°ɣҲȥʦϲװء
Ҳôˣʹ˸кǱͽͳżϣؼҺɪȥ


224 
һصҵʱҲͻˣɳֻأ翴ҽʣȥѧʲôأ
磬ҿɷˣҰǱ鶪ǰ˵Ľʺȥɡ
ɻĿһۣ鿴ۣͻȻվ˫ϴˣҾȵʣԲۣģգ
׾ϼһ¡ҿһŵģļ˵Сӱ̫Ľ˾ˡ
üͷʲôһһŰ鶪˵УëĽģͱôˣǸʲô
Ҵ򿪽аѽݸ磬ԭ뿴羪ȵıأεģûнӹĽֻǿһۣ˵Ǻöͦġ
˵ԺͻȻ뵽ʲôһԼĶͷһ£ָֻ˵ӣһⶫٺ٣Եĺö
ѲƬˣоĶ಻˼Ȼ˵ԴǴ˹ȥֻĻһ
û뵽沢ʲôƬӣ΢ҿ΢ı⡣
ٶٴοӵɶг֮ӷʽԶٷܳԻȻ滹һƵȻ֪ʲôƵƵתȻ첻תˡ
Բۣ·ʽǻˡҺٺһЦƾ΢Ƿг̨ҲһӣǸʽҲñϵһʰ
ҿ˵Ǹг绰ɣǸأܵץסֻ֣ΪʲôҪ¡
ҵ˵ͷҪʼʱڷ£ҵǿΪҸ㣬ֽȥ棬ǸŮȴ÷ʽɰǸͺˡ
绰ͨ˷гĵ绰绰ܿͽͨˣ绰ķгܲһʣ»ͬ־ʲô£
гôˣ鲻̫ðҺٺһЦгѾ֪΢ϵˣг˵ûϵˣеʰ𣿡
һ㶣ֲ͸ߵôϸһ룬ⷽг֪ǸŮְɣҾ˵ʰһһ
ôȥץҴ绰ʲôгһ¡
˵ץг谭ץ
ԸɷģôҲǾ죬ֹ참ץг˵Ҿ˵ȿȣҾֱ˵˰ɣ֪г岻ǸŮ˵ݣ
гҲǱһ⻰ɻʣСܲĹﰡѵ
˵ûǸСӦþǺ
绰ĬҾ˵취ӰǸϽǸС֣ʮӰɣгӦһ˼Ӻ֡˵Ҿ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ҳ¼СĸȨһ˵¼СִʱҪϣ˵ƽʱʲôԹ˼ʱԲܲϡ
ҵ绰Ժһʱ䣬ӣϻץأҸ˸кͽܻԼķ档
ⱾͿѧľףʵķ֮׵Ҫϲ٣ⱾдģҧԼֵָȻƻһ̫ͼ
ƽ˫ǰȻ޼Ǭ跨˵һ˳ȥ
ʲôҲûзҲ٣˼Σڵεʱǽڴ΢
ܹȥһǽھȻҺ˼ϸ΢ѺۣҾ°ͶˣǽǳǽҿѺ˿ĭ
Ҳе칦˰ɣȻզأҲƾհǽڸѺ۰ͻȻҲΪʲô׾ڲŰⱾˡ
ҪǰңҺͱ˳ܣһƾȥˣ׿˹ҲЧġ
еɹҲˣԺҲǸоеˣϿɻҪɲܰĸɡ
զϰգˡҺСͳֿŽϲòˣÿеĶϲ
Ȼִĺܶϲǹ˶Ȼϲ쳣ǹϲѽô˵أҸоý硣
ǰȻҲаѽľľͷģ⽫ˬ
һᣬܿˣС˯һᣬߵĴ磬˵㶫ȻʹųϵƬСָȥ


225 
Һڰ˵ʱ͵С֣Сʵ֮ǰǸŴʰֻĵطҿط̾ģһȥˣҴӦǸŮŵȴûʵ֡
ŮĵܵܵˣҲûټҲ֪ʦˣץȥˣǰʱҲˡ
Һ絽ԺͳܶߣīߣӦɰͺڹѪݹȻúش壬ЩСмտĵطһ󷨣ȻЩҶЩ߸
æһУҺҵһ£ȼһ̣ĵĵȴ
İɣͳʣӣԺɵɶأܲһӾ͸ɾɣ
ҺٺһЦͷ˵϶İ˭һӸÿЩָɼҲԲ
ҳ˿̣ϸһ£˵ʵBԺȻͲˣȥõҲͺƼǮأ
ü˵֪ʱìܣնħеӡ
˰ɣ㻹նħء˵զ˭˭⻰ƺƱ˻УȹʱǸɴسٿѼӵ꣬ҵϰ㵱Ազ
ӣҪ㲻׬ǧ򣿡˵绹ļ⣬ҿһ£ʵ˵ǵǮҲһġ
⵹˵ĿȥˣǰоǺ棬ʾһʵоûɶ˼ˣоץץҲûɶ˼ЩɼܣСĻһˡ
ǰֳָ˵ͨ˵һоװBʵֻӴһвŻһеᡣ
ҺʱͻȻһĺҺһۣϽͷȶ㵽ˣ˵ʮôžŵӰ
һͣ⣬˴ӳǣߵСм䣬Ȼʱϣ¹⣬һǿˣǷʽɺǸʽɴʱﻹ߶ԵģͷӰԼǮɶҸ겻ͦõô
ʱˣǸгûԱߵŮأֻ˵Ǯ
˭ͻȻֻ־ͳҺķ
Ž˳ȥ粢ûиҳȥ
ּˡҹŵ΢Ц˳ȥѽں棬ѧŵĸֵģ̵ߵ档
˭أʽɹ۾˵һ䡣
SBҿЦһ˵Сѣ̫ˣҲԣ̻̫ͣԳԲɣɶɶ
˵Ժҿһ£ѧŵЩһ˵ǰұһ㲻֪ڸģɣ̧𽫳ҪԽ
ͻȻһȭͷͳ˹ȻǷʽɡ
ӣҵıӣۣҶűӣ۾סҵͷһȻ˺ܶı롣
ܳװɶأԾǷᡣʽ˵ųҾ˹ʱҶأһҲû㿪ߵĵõڵϣǱúܡ
ǺǣӦǹװӾ翴˰ɣ磬ǻ߰ɣ񾭲Ǹ۾źâңȴĳŷʽװء
šʽ˵žҪߡ
ͻȻ
Σ
һͷһ֪ʲôʱ羹ȻѾϣﾹȻһ龵ӣһ¹Ǹϡ
ԭһŮ⾵һգȻë׵ģø겢޶ֻǴվţ滹βͣ
ԲۣʽһҷһԱߵС˱ɴŵȶڴ
αأοأǸ˫ɱ˵գû뵽ǾȻô
ϻˣɣŽ˫Ķֻ꣬ĽͻȻɫһ䣬һӾס˷ʽɵĲ˵ĽȻҾɱһ
ϽְɣһллɡһЦǶѽܼɵˣһ˦ְѷʽɶԶ޳ܵ࣡
Ҳúϻأ̧ȥҺӲƴˣ㿪һæΪ̣һȥºֻ˫ֲ£Ҫס
˫ָҪʱ򣬾Ȼ˫һܿûܶ㿪һ̴ؿڣʺѪҺֻؿӿ˳˿סԼ˿ڡ


226 ץסں
˾Ȼûо£¶˸׺ݵı飬ŭһſڵϣȻһֻһ׸ߣ׳ĺɫꡣ
ֻˣߵǸľֻ죬һȻβͣԣ˵첻̫ȷӦ룬βʹȻһ̵ܶβͣҪǲԭλ÷
Ҹæҧָϻһ̫ͼ޼Ǭ跨
һƳź˹ȥ
ҲӲҵף㿪һƣҲԭվĵطһЩҶҵƷ紵
ë߰üͷһ壬Ҳһ£û뵽һôСɡ
ˣæͺ룬Ȼϣʵﻹͦģһֻһ׶ߣ׶೤ĺ꣬׺ݺݵĵ㣬˭ɡ
ϵĽҲǲҽСĿңô
ֻһ˺ɼܹƽһʱҲпܵģɻһ簡翴׼
֮꣬ǰڵϵЩɫӴӵ˳Ĳֻϣʵʵİһ˿á
ʵԺϴεЩ޵īĺۼҪˡ
ҿɲκδϢĻᣬˣ̧𽫳ԴȥԵģͱؿһûһҾͲһԴ㻹
֮ǰ˵ҪץסµļƻȿȣƻԶϲϱ仯ģȻ֮ǰǲ߻ץʣĴ˸оͲһˣŪŪðȻ˿ɾͲˡ
ҿҲǾû뵽쵽ԴʱʹĶһ£ԴȻ㿪ˣһҲǻϡ
һȥ־ȻֱӱһˣҲǴһʹĲҽУҿֱ۶ϵѪסǸое㲻ӦǺҪ֮ǰǸŮҹƶһµȥ֡
ҿǰҽеĺҲٶˣòҲͦãҶӳźʣιѵ㣬Ҫ飡
࣬Ҫɱɱ󵱼һұġȻװӲһǸЩɱľ죬һŭ𣬳ԴͺݺݵһţԵģװɶأ˵úʮĻһƵɱʱ͸뵽һˣģȻһŪġ
ӣںҵļһ£ָԱ߻ڴķʽ˵ȥСӣźСԸʺϸ
ҵ˵ͷҵȷʺʻҲùֻˣţߵԶһôɪɪķʽɡ
ɫɷף۾ͫ׶ЩãȻķʽɣԭ׼úʰһأӣҲûɶ˼ˡ
֪⼸˯һֻ꣬ɶأͳһ̣óһԼȼȻ󶪸˵ûɣ
ԣԲңҲֻлʽֶǰǮĺ÷ͳһлԼȼ
Ӵǣʱ㻹̳飬Բۡҿɪɪļһҡҡͷ
ʽɳ̣عһЩ̧ͷһۣٿһۣʣǵʲôˣ
һЦ˵¼Сô
˵һ֯ɡʽɽüҺ磬һЦ˵ǣҲ湻ģǰҺֵܻţ㻹ţǸֵ
ʽû˵ֻһĳ̣ҿҲú˵ɶˣ˵ˣԼ߰ɣ鲻Ҫȥ
ʽɵ˵ͷתҡҡλεľߵԼĳ뿪ˡ
ȷʽ뿪ԺҲ߻ԱߣʱҲüͷʣô磿
˵ҡҡͷָ˵Ƥͦġ
Ҫɱɱˣʲô˵ģ˵Ҳ·һǶְɣֻܾǿüͷͻȻҾʹ仰ҵˣ˵Ƿ˵Ҳ·һôҲ̾ҵģҲѧѶȻ仰⡣
ʶ𣿡ҿʼͻƿˣͻȻͦлѶεʱû˯
Ǹ۾һʣң
һЦ˵㲻Ҫ·ôͦģΪʲôΪʲôǺſջҪܵɶҵԵɸңҿϿԷŹ㣬Լúÿǰɡ


227 ִݻ
ʷ˵ʱǲܸģоˣȻЩ֪һ϶ǲʲôġ
˵ԺͳĬͷ֪ʲôƬ̣źһ˵аɣҾ͸ǰɣ
ʵɶԭܼ򵥣ռ꣡
ռꣿʲôһüһ˵ǣЩҲһ˵òͻˡ
Ͳһˣʱкܶħǹʱܶħа˼Ҵӵԭ򣬵һ˵ڲܼɵַӡ
һֻҪ֮󣬲ֻǵʿ׷ɱǣҲɱϾֻͶ̥תǿ˽ܣֱͶ̥ĻᶼûУǼ񶾵ķӡ
Ǹԥһ£ڵǴ󵱼ҵģ
󵱼ңҿʣҲûȥſջҲǴ󵱼ңǺúõ𣿡
ǲǴ󵱼ҵһˣʱѵǴ󵱼ȻҪɽǸȻץˣĿһ۵Ǵ󵱼ҵǿɲģ
Һһ£ЩôզأҪ֪ڿǶʮһͣνٸҲ²˵ʮͲʵڲл޼ʵʲôģЩڵķݡ
ȻҲûа˵˵˵
û뵽˵ˣͽһ˵Ǵ󵱼ޱߣǧ
һųȥԵģ˭˵㣬ܲе²Ծ԰˵ص㣡
Ǵ󵱼ҪӴʱɱһٶˣǴ󵱼Ҹ̫ˡ˵Ҿݣһٶôࣿ
ҿ¼˵ֻʮôϸһ룬Щȥ²һ˿ڹûм¼ڰҲпܵģҧҧûּ֨˵
Ǹʵѹ˺ܶȻûЧãҲǿǿܣǾǸҵӡ⿪ȻЩ꣬Ǹĵλ̫ˣҵҲǸ취
ҵ˵ͷǸطλֹⰡɶĵضΣҾʡҲ·ҪǵطͻȻĳɰǧĶʡ϶ᱻš
ʱƾͲ¼СⰸˣץȺ̬ˣǸſջҲȥҲ֪һĶҸоץֿ϶ʵǡ
˵ģLһô͵һץֶŵķݣЩмģ
ֻЩôЩоûʲôӪֵĶʣǸҵĵϸʲôҲϽ˵
ǸǸоѾ˵ô˰ɣεûԥʲô˵һֻʬ֣ǿҾʶҾͲ˵ˣǴ󵱼ҵıʲôҲ֪
üͷ𵱳Ǵ󵱼ҵʱһ
ҡҡͷ˵˵ˣǲǴ󵱼ңֻǴ󵱼ҵһǴ󵱼һһͷɽ
Բۣһ󱳵亹λҲɽİǧĴְСʱúɽŹʱСԷ˵ٲԷɽϾץߡ
˵ҵ޵ˣСʱͱŹΪǴڴ˵еˣû뵽ȻĴڡ
ҵıҲһ˵ôŵ˰ɣ
ƨӾŪѾġҧгݵСʱŵӣһ졣
ЩôûУҺһ£ѯʵҡͷ漴һɱ˵ûˣϽңУһμһɱģ
ҿ͸ɵBһвңһʼͲ׼Ź𽫳Цһ£˵´ˣȥүɣ
Ǹɫһ䣺ʲô˵ңƻ࣡
ı죡㶼˵´ҪŪˣѲɷ㣬´ɱңҺһ£̧־Ҫһһֱû˵ȴһץס˵ɣ
Բۣ磬Ѳڻϧ񣿡ҰһۣһԱߵ磬ȻҲǿ˵Ϊ밡㿴ʲô˵ָǰ
ҳǰһһӰվҺǰԶҲЦСԻԣǱʦĶˣʦɲִݻ飡


228 飿
һˣͿЦ˵ﰡɲɱҲˣղŻ˵ҪŪأֻΪԼСѡ
ﴩһۺɫĹŴȹһԲȣͦŴִҹ㡣
СһЦеĿһۣ˵ϴҲ㲻Сæˣθһӣô
ϣôɶͷô°Ȼ˵ʹ죬ﻹǹֲˬģ֣æ˰죬ܳһֱӾ÷ˡ
˻զأѲɺӲƴȻղýǸҵģȻܵſջĶңôȥ
ĵ˵ͷŤСߵԱߣСһӣԭֻϵһȫϵˡ
ֻ걻⿪ԺҲǱΣɫɷףҲһֻ첲
ƲһԺ󣬾ͳ˵ԻСϴһǺþòû뵽㵹Ǳôࡣ
ҿ˵ôӻأߵұϣСĸ˵Ǵ󵱼ҪϽȥ֪ͨʦȻСѱ
˵Ժһû˵ӣ˸˵ǵҸղŵĻŶˣûŶ
Ȼʹֻ뿪ˣüıӰ˼Ǿ仰ʲô˼һԵ絹һסʣӣղǸ˵ɶȥû뵽ֻһȰ
ֹ֡ҰһۣԵģղһ仰˵ӰִˣȻҡ
ˣȾȥ
ҲƣæôһϣָˣŵϻһֻצӣһŸ߷ɡ
Һ統ʱܵ򸣴¥µһС¥һӵķˣʱѾʮˣģҺһҲԲ⣬͸䣬ЦЦг˸绰Ⱦơ
ϵģһ￴Ҳ
һͳ˵ӣզԵģɶȥˣڶռ֤ͲˡҺٺһЦҺĵģҪһƤ񣬳ƹһϲЦɶġ
һҪǴ绰ɣװɶҰһۣǮһϲװɸ˿ô˵أǸ߸˧ı˿ġ
ӣǸЦЦҪˡһֱŲ˵ĳڳҿ˵ˣһ˵׵ø⽹ۡ
ιЦЦզ£ҳһĻЦЦЦЦһʣʱе㲻˼˵
ԭ黹ȥկʱģЦЦҲϴСˣʮˣȻкܶʣŮԲǻЦЦһȺ壬ΪЦЦϵǸŵĶ³ʲôġ
ʱϵҪѣϵϼĶӣǻ︻һҪôóҪôЦЦ־쿴ȥţ˵̸ˡ
ߵļȥƣװѣҲǺǮȻ֮±ȻЦЦѷһЦЦĸĸ⣬֪ǻЦЦͬ¡
ȻȥЦЦĴԭǹŮŶԣǹйŮɲһģټһˣ˴˾һǰʱڻЦЦĸǰ£ͼϷ˫ϲˡ
˵̫꣬ϲˣҲܳɣһԵֻĬĬ˵һ䣺ͳȥ˵ȥ
ǵĵ٩ЦЦѵõ캦һΣܰҺͿַһ𣬻µĺ¿ֵĴ˵֮ᶨɼû뵽ˡ
䣬ҺԺһĺԺҪޣ˵ҺĻ̫ˣֻķ˲ʦ΢Ļ˵Ͳʦ氮Ȼʦ֪ôһˡ
㱾Ͳϲ˵Աűɵ֣Ҹҿ϶϶ɧһˣԺҲǺԺôϱ
һǺȸˣĵ˵ԺҪҲϱҰŮ޸㡣
ȻһϣĪĶһһŮȻŮûҲǾȡЦ
ҲʵͻЦЦĻڣһԺˣԭ׼͸ģҲȾƣҺҲ֤ˣʱǮ϶ȥƭƭȵġ


229 ӵ
Ժ۾Դ۵Ҫһʱ䣬ҲѾʮˣһΧǼҵĴأɳϣûˣԴ
ҿ˿ⲻҼҰȻң澹ȻͻЦЦĺõĽգЦͦģߵſš
ҪǰҵǿֱŽȥ˼Ҷˣһ˼Сڡء
һСᣬžʹˣ俴ͷҲģʵúܣԺ˵ӣ簡
ȻһЦ˵ϱ棬Ͳȥˡ
ҲЦһ£أͻȻԾ
ҿҴ¾Ȼһֻˣɫһ䣬ǻɫģ滹к౦ⲻôҴϵãڼżʱϴ·ϴ;ߣӣһ
Ҹæʹ˸ɫֻŵķŬŬ죬ͷһɫúѪɫС˵ղҺϱأҪ֪и˵ĻҾˣ
ô죡ҲСĳѯʣԵģʲôɻô굽˼СڴȥˣֻŻҰڶģ绹û˯ء
侲һҪ侲˵ĻЦЦʹ˵ϹӾ˾ͽˣϴɶ
Һͻ̸أ˵飬Ů˱ܣ䵹ǺӲĻһ䣬ЦЦ֨һЦˣȻῴôʰ㣬ֲˣòŸӡ
˵ЦЦʹһۺɫ˯˳ЦеĿһ£ָ˵᲻
Ҫĺ˼갡ڣǲҲˣӲͷƤ˵ǹˡ
Ȼæ˽ȥһûǰȻǰЦЦķ䣬䷿ЦЦŮӣԷҪȻǰᵽȥ
ⷿװ綼Ƿۺɫģܴ󣬳˴⣬һС͵ɳܵɳһֻѾ˻ȥʱ˿Ҫ취ôһߡ
ӣȿôЦЦ˾ͳʣҲԱߣԭ˵ҪģͻȻҾͿԴȻӴ˳ںأڷŵأͦģЦЦҲǱ磬ûп
ȣȰȰײȡԱҴӦ˵ϱȥһؼ͵ݸӺȾǣǿ񡣡
ǲ裬ЦЦЦһ£ת߳ңȥݲˣҿһԵ䣬ͷҲǴˣ˵״ˡ
λɱоСλһϱԺһһֱ㴲´ţɶӦñӳ
ЦЦӻŪģҴаǬȵȵȵóһܽᣬ޹ϡ
ǣϽ취ϱŪҵģҪεùһСʱļ̡Сĳ˵Ұһ˵ô
զڡ˵žҪȥ磬ҸæסʣŪɶ
ȥ
ʣϱ⣬ôȥ
˵ʵڲ
磬ʮ¥
ֲǳĵӰ˭Щ¥Ϸȥ
ݺÿ
ЦЦ˽Һæ˻ȥЦЦҺĶʣɶأ
ûɶûɶⲻǼȻҪι۾Ҫι۳ôǴһҳûУ̫ɾˡҲһ亹ٺ˵
ôЦЦֵĿ˵ҴİѲôԾ񣿡
ͻȻվһ֣صĳŻЦЦ˵ϱѣǰҿװ޹ϸӣǣΪһϵˣǲġ
һС˵װ湻׵ġ
Ȼû仰ģЦЦԱߣҸҪڣͻȻ´һãҵİɽ»ʲôĽѽҡڣʲôĸĺˮǧһƬ
˭ڳ裿ЦЦŴȵ佹ĿңҸæֻϣȻ˵ϣҵĵ绰ղǴˣҵôɡ
ﰵǵģ˯ͺú˯ѾĻ裬ȥ
ҼװӴֻ絹ǺϣܿͲˡ
ǻЦЦ˵ӣȥЩ̫ˡ
ǣǡҲ˲亹ͷǣͻȻһԴʹӴ˳Ժʣڼˣ


230 ޹
˵ȾܳңҲôˣҪ֪ЦЦ׵һ椰ȻƽʱͺģŭҺһܴ
ʵϱһңߵùĿ϶ԼԼһ˵ùȥ
һܻ¥ϴ򿪷Žȥ۵ģ类ԺҲãʣզˣҸ˯Ѿܣһ׼һ緹ء
Ұһۣú˵оֵֹģʲôûһ߻ԼһᣬʱˣǸҰѺɽʦء
ʵҲ֣ΪʲôҸʦأҪ֪Ǹʲô󵱼ôҲ˾Ѳҳ˧ɣ
Һ˼ľͲͨʦĵ绰ʦû˯һιĸҴ绰ɶˡ
ʦͽС첻ˣ㻹˼˯أ˵ʦܳ첻ȥץ˸꾫ô
ֵʣ֪
ʦ˵ߣҪôӸţסһ֣˸˺Ƭˡ
ʦڵ绰Ǳ˵ɣҺˢһ¾ȫ亹ϸһ룬ﲻһİҲѹˣȻ֪ʦʲô飬ûɶ顣
Ǻſջҿһֻ֣ΪҾȻ˵˼仰뿪ˣҲȷ̫Ҫңʦм飬Ҳôһٳ
ιɶأ˼ʱʦڵ绰Ǳ˵Ҵ绰ɶܲҫһ쿳˸ɣ
ǣҸ㣬˵ɽҪˣ˵ҲĻСѱʵʦ㱨
ʦһ£ٺһЦɽҵǸԴµʵˡ
ԴһüʣǸʲôճµһʦݺƭȥĹô
ʦǱЦͽܣôһޣôôǺԻ˵һˡ
ʲôһ㶡
ŸǸû⣬Ǹȴǽг꣬ȴһ̵İԵģһƽ̣ճµİŲŶԣ
˵Ǹ£ճµʦƭ˺ſջȻܵ䣬ҲǰһЩʱҰʷģҿһЩµĶ֪ûȤ֪ʦص˵
Ķ䵽ôõظȤûȤҲаҪ⣬ʦһ˵ҸæʣϽ˵Сӻӡ
ȥôʦ˵ģҪǷڼʮǰ仰ʦܷ㼸첻ԷˡʦǱǰزӺģǲ˵
û취국ʦֻʦ͸£ֻʦãʦͽ
˵ˣǶҡʦ˵Ժһͣ٣㿪ڵô׼öȥظһˡ
ȥظɶֵڵظֵطҿûȤģȥʱо𣬵ǵطʼձȲ⻨úá
ʦûлشңֻ˵͵죬˵ҺúϢȥһˡ
ʦ˵ˣҲͲˣʦҲẦңµ绰ڿ˻μǣڼҲ绰ûܴͨʱ򣬷
һ㲵˽һ˵ųͱ˽ȥ滹һЩ䷹ˣ俴˫ȷģһǶˣȥһ䷹Ȼ˾Ϳ
ԣôˣôˣҿŻڿԷ䣬ҭš
ˣһϱˣԵģ޹ϵҲȷƷġһֻһ˫۾͸Ҫһۣת磬ԵģӺƴˣ˵ųȥҧĶ䡣
Եģˣϱ۸˹ƨ°б»ȥϱȥ
Ū㡣
ӣҰСԴϳˣ
ҿڳ˱ŹȥģٺٵЦ绹˵أҲҪңⲻֳɵĲ˵ô
ҲÿڵϴĶˣصԼС裬ǵĴҺһʣϱûôԷ˲ٵľƣ˲١
ϷԺϱֲԷͷۻϱ˯ӧȥϴ·Ȼ͵͵ܵ¥ϣ͵˵ǻ治һϱ


231 

ȻЩ޹ÿζǴȻ˵ԼǰϱУͲλһˡ
ǰȻϻô࣬ҲģʵҲ֪ݽȥˣϲϻЦЦˣҪ˵ɶݣṆ̀Ĳ˵ӻ׾١
ǰҺ䵥ʱҲǰһЩ£ĳǵԼ֮ģȻдţʣǲȱŮ˵ģƽʱǲڣΪӳԿڷӧϴ·
Ժ˹Ȼסǰ͸缸ԺҪôôԼϱģԺһˡ
ԱԺҲǺ뿪ҵĳҺһۣҡҡͷˣԺȾƱǮˣҸҴģԺǮƶллŮڶˡ
ԺҲ׾ϾҪ飬һ˵ϾͽˣǻˣһҪ˵ظҪܾã
ôһ룬ҲԣʦԺһ£ܲܲμĻȥɡ
˯ͦģϻȥʦء
ڶһҾ͸绰ˣһȻ磬ҽ绰ڵ绰ǱԺ˵ӣ𴲣ס˯Ŷ˵͹Ҷ˵绰û˯ѵӡ
Բۣɶ˰ܵķǳǳԴƨһѵֶβڰŪˣ㴩˼Tǌ˿װ·ʮһģֱһ֪ǌ˿Ĵ硣
Һһʱ䣬˵ˣϽϴһ£ȥܵ¥µһ̯һǮأĹ￴ʮ꣬һһӵĿҺ磬ҺҲǰġ
ôôأǣԱһʮ꣬͹⻬ҲһԳԷΪװ׺üˡ
翴ۣǸʣ壬װĸ̯أֺÿġ
类˵һۡ
ֹһᣬһķ̲ͣԶһʮ꣬һװһīӣҺľǴ塣
Һ粻Ϭģң˾ɣ쿪̫鷳ˣŪô˾ǰְҵ֡
УDģŮ˾һ㣬ǿɡҺҪĻӦһ̵Ǹ椰һȻϽһͷһڴĿŴ塣
ҲҺĶԻˣôҲǸɺ˵ҵӦ̫ˣߵǰ˵ү簲гȥӢֹ˾Ǳߵ̸ܴ⣬ļҶڳˡ
רҵƭ˵ģɫ͸һܼһǸȻ֮ǰһţǿŷģҴƣʱүС椶ʱ統˳Ĵү
С˫ž磺Ǹүղҵ绰ҵĵ绰155XXXXXXXX
ѧŵӾЩ߸˧ģߵǰ˵ȻᣬһȶŶ
ţһһӵġС椹ƽʱҲò٣ɫǺ죬Ͳ˷ܵιȥˡ
ҿҲǺ죬ЦЦҲ̫ˣЦ˵үϻҪʼˣǲǸأ
˿Ҫңһġ粻֪ʲôʱȻѾץס椵˫ˡ
ܿˣȥɣһ㣡

ڴĳϣҺʹ嶼ЦˣԵģǸСԴҲ̫ˣЦԺų˵ҵĽܿүǸȥˣˣ㲻˵ǰְҵô͸㿴ְҵֵļٶȣ
ȻҾͿһӲϡ
Ż
ڻһͰɱԵģⱲӾûôĳ
ҲòȥڵϴأµѾûˣ嵹ԱߵỴ̈ͦ˵ǿɱʦöˣʦһҵĳǲθ³ˡ
ôѷɫôͻȻԱ߾ʹһŤͷһ룡
磬ϽⲻǱôգǣ㲻ŪˣôˡҿǰġǡסЦڿ
⵱ȻʲôǣʦȻһɫİӣȫǺӣͷϻŸԲñ͸һҪ˵ܱ˭һϲʦ


232 ս
ʦŶûôô氡翴ʦҲЦ
ʦһƵ˵ˣԵģǻһﲻ֪ĸˣǰʱȥץʲôҾʹ׷һﶾϴɰˣƴһ͹ˡ
ֵ˵ͶôҲץ
ƨܱôлǹͲʲͻزˡʦһɫָŰȺһȥһʵøһİŮǿˣˣ˵ˣᰡǹںá
ôҿʦоǳ˲ٿͷȻվԶŵĳζ֪ûˢˣܳʱعµظ
ʦɶҲ˵Ǿ˴ĳûô忪ԼģһžͰǼ˾Ƶš
Ǹ־ƽҲ֮ǰڷ˾Ƶ굱Ǽһһʦģ񣬺Һʹ弸˲ŷʦȥģȥԺԴһ٣ȻܻǸϴ裬ȻĺӸȫˣ·΢˵
ԼԺѾˣڷ˾ƵԷʱҲʦˣ˵Ҫ飬ȥ
ʦҲ˿ûзԣеˣԭʱһֱͼץֵĳԱڰ֪ڹĵʲôҪΪҵɿС׶ز
ǲ֪ǵطж࣬յģձ˶ԳձˣĹһ±˳һһ
׾ϻ쵰ûҲǱԹͺٺһЦ˵õʱûŪץ֣ʱ㲻Ҫ㿴ڣ鷳İɡ
鷳ʵҲ˵ϣ˾Ϳ׾ҡͷԵġ
ˣµظʲô˶پȻ׾ʣ治Сһµظİɣûġ
ԱҲǺĿ׾ţ嵹˵ͦԵģͦʦĻǱӦͦģôΪ˴µظܻأ
ˡ׾һʣüͷŤͷҺһ˵ȥ֪ԽԽã֪˷ġ
ҺҲˣи߸ĶţҪ֪ʲô鷴һĵģʲô֪ء
ҸʶȤľ߳ǵӣ׾˵ʹ̸ɣһҲ֪øɶ˵Ȼȥ棿ϽˣӦݼٵİɡ
ҰһۣĻȥأεֲңҵͷӦˣܵſţܿžͿˡ
ҺһɵˣŵľȻǸŮִشƨɵ֣ȵģʮ˾ӣһҵ߰ɣ۾͸ŮһҲǰ
ŮǱҺŵˣüʣ˭ʲôģ
ȿȡһĿһ˵ҽһ£ҽ裬Ҳϲ˽֣Ҹϲ˽ҵС˧裬˾ңҾ˧衣
ҿﰵҡͷַˣҲѹ֣¥ǸС椶ܾҪQQ˵ǰ͸߳Ůˡ
û뵽ŮĻشҴ۾Ŀʣ˧裿ôֽʺأ֡
ɫʱͿȥˣԹ˵Ƿ裬裡
һôŮʡ
һšһ£˵ͷŮһ˵ǲ͵ˣ㶼ˣˣ裬ҼҸɶ
Ҳ裬˧裡ָ˵ģأ
ŶҽİңŮȻ򣬺ԺͱıܽˣҺ翴пڣҲûðֱӴȥ
ʱǴΧȹģڳһһҺʱĸж磬ˣСӿŪˣ̫ˡ
Сӻǵô֪ҵǵսߵġЦѯʡ
һ͸һ˵磬ҿ㣬ƾС椻ֵ㴴ᣬֻҪܰ߾УȥһҲа
˼СҺܺôӣ乧ά˵ǻ˭ϲ˧أԲ
ҿɵһҪ䣬ʱоС椿϶ûô򵥡


233 ѧ
Ҳģҿк˼ˣ˵־ᶨ԰겻ƵˣôᱻһÿӸԵأģǴ붼ˡ
ҺȥԺͿЦЦǸŮɳϿأ֮ǰļȻȫޣһȻĽ˵ԻԣӣҾҵСӣƶ
ðʴû˵
Ȼ룬һ¶һŶȻԭı飬˵
ƨǽϲŻعİɣ֮ǰ㶼֪иòŶ԰ЦЦһۣһҲӣεЦ£ָҺ˵Ӻͻӣ˶ǵŶ
òʮ꣬ôСɫǱ˼ˡЦЦҺһۣȻ§Żƶ
ҵνʼ磬û뷨翴ŻƶӾͲˮˣ۾ɳǸ±˲֪ɫһ
裬ǸɫԵ۾ңϵ˵ˣҵûһǧҲܺѵġƶĳһͷ˵һǧʱں˼ɡ
ʱҲҺԱС˵ǰڲ֪򸻼ŵĶ³ʲüڣԵģСǵˡ
Һһָȥô˵סöǻЦЦϵǵģ
Ǯġ
統Ƥ񵽼µˣ˵氮ôǮأԲСã㿴˧磬ǿ׳˦ţоʬ壬㿴ңĵУڻ£
ǸƶԭһȤأһᵽУ۾һʣ㻹ˮ𣿡
ԶԶЦҿоԶ˵ģķˮ֪ʶڳɶŽǰ壬Ȼܶ˶ˮУ̸ֽű
㣬ΪˮС椿ʡ
һ˼˵νˮǷˮУ޶綯ˮУˮǿңɻΪأҪľǡˡ
ƶҡͷԵ˵㲻㣬شҲ̫ˡ
ʱ¶ʦ緶˵ʵҲܺŶԡ
ƶʣ˵ʲô
һЦ˽ѭ˱ҵ֮٣ҵܣ˱߱Ӧν߲ףǴ
ƶüʣ˻ν⣿
ʽ˵㿴Щһֱ˳˳ˮȥֻеù˵˲Żȥ
粻мһЦǰҲ춨Ƿ˿ɿˮеȷ񣬵ÿοⷴɣЩʱת𣿷ԽԽ
ƶʣ˼ãк
ͻȻ˻ƶһ˵Щ̫֪ˣֻҪ㣬Ҫģֻνǰ˵ģԽԽ֮ԭΪģݴְҵط޸
ƶƲƲͣ˵ɣҲǲ˵֣ȻƵȾͿһ˽ư
֪ЩǳĶʮ꺢ͯѧᣬЩʲô¡һм
ƶ˵ķҲ֪Ϻܶѧ߾ʹõֻһ˵Լɵ֧˵ƣȻҲ̫ˮҲ֪ˮ֮Ҫһ˵ĵشλõмС
ЩһҲͻǳ쵽椣֪С椡
ƶԺ˵Ҳ֪ô˵ˣֻ˵Ȼ˵ҪܸͨĵİѲϻľôô
ɣ£ǰģЩǰͨ˵Զģֻҵʦ弰ϣˣѳƴʦ˵ʱҲǴŵ㽾
ҵ˵ͷ׾ϻ쵰ʦϣҵû˵
Уǰ˸Լʦ洵갡˵˵ʦҵҪȥݻݻᡣƶȻһˬǴϵϢ
ҡҡͷʦǰʧܣپգɢˣټѰ
Ǵţƶù죬һģһЦʣʲôģ˵Щˮѵ⣿
ȻˣҿǼйһѧQQȺģǸʦɲ˵ģƶһ˵ܼʲôѧһQQȺţһ


234 Է
󲻽һЦƶ˵ǸʲôйһѧȺȷУЩҲȷкܶ汾£һСѾͷܼӽȥģӵΨһһСѾͷͲ㣬Ǿܿڤ;
ڤ;ҲǼķֵģһ㣬ȻٿǲĶˮ֮ģȺͦģǲôŻƶôһѾͷƬܼӡ
ˣʲôƨʦû˵ҡҡͷͻȻһֱʣǻ۵ս֮ɣѧɶġ
һɫԵӾͲǺˡƶһ£ͷһһ˵ߣ㷿ȥᡣ
˵žܵķ䣬ûڷϰȥˣҺԺü۵ĳʣôСɡ
ôоƤأʡ
䷭°ۣԹĵƤģԵģ崿ɰаСӽܸ㣬㻹˵Ƥ
ץץ˵ΪôҲŸоԾôƯСӣڼҲ
һͬĵͷҲʣϽ˵˵ô£զǸ缸㻹Ҵŵĸɶ
һһɫ
ԭСӻ治һˣʮȥѧͨԣѧϰɼ㣬˵Ϲƶû⣬Ưϵҵڣ˵ֱŮˡ
ȱĻֱʮȫʮˣȱһȱ㣬̫ˣԣӦ˵ǰܼҡ
ЦЦ˵ģҽϣһ¾͸ƶʮRMB㻨ǮȥͬѧԸ˼ڻƶСŮг谮һû¾ϲѳȥʲôʮİɶģڶֿؤܰѰ͸Ǹؤ
ţƵһһмˣֱӾͰ㻨Ǯȫó͸Ǹмȥ˸ȣҹ͸һѣ黹кܶ࣬С⼸껨ǮˣϵţҲ⡣
һ˵꣬Һ۾ˣҾ˵ⲻͦõôǮаġ
Ҳͷ˵԰ƯգֱУúúøҴϴϡ
ҡҡͷ˵һû˵أ˵ˣλƶӲ㻨ǮˣҪҼˣԵģϱͰĹʸȥˣͲ֪ˣһ˵ǰ̫ˣŶˡ
үǣôǮӵĿ䣬Цһָͷ
һգô󣿡һ
ʮ򣬲ݣϵõЩ㻨ǮĻСӼֱðܼˣֱǲǮǮλعˣҪһ첻޳ȥҪһֱסҼˣǣ
ֵޣֵۣ޵ҲġһɫȻӡ
ûûǸౣأҼﻹ£ˡµȻƶԷҵĲԸ֮ǰ˵ģﹷԶѳ԰ɡ
Ĺͨæ˵ԶԣǼﻹпˣȻȥˡ
˵Ҫߣû뵽ͻȻʹˣǻЦЦ˵ӣȻ˾һȥԷɣ
һϱˣͻȻ뵽ʲô˵Զԣ˻ûԹأǸɶ֮ǰҲܲ˼Էɡ
һƤ治һĺ⻰˵ˣҾͳ˵԰磬˼Сڽ飬ҲǳԶٷ£ǸǺԷȻؼˡ
˵ҲùǸɶӦȾ˳ȥܻ¥ϣŰŷˣ˿
ʦʹ˺Ѿ̸ˣôܻʦȻһЦ˵ͽܣððʧʧģ಻ðǸأѾˣߣԸ
һ磬Ժ˵ǲ
ʦǸһأѣȻһ𣬻Ǽһá˵Ժʦһ˵û£˶֣
æͳֻ磬һӵ绰ʹӣԣ
С˵֣Ǯ͸Ұ㣡
ȻŴ˵簡ǸɶʦҪǳԷԶԶԣǼһ𣬺úһ


235 ʵ۸ؤ
ʦҲ˵ȥ˴Ƶſڵţ˵ԺŹҶϵ绰Ȼ¥˾Ƶȥ
δ嵹ǿͦģʦʹҲ֪ôģһ˴һ£˸īøڿ͵۹һ
³ԺͿһվſڣҸϽʦʹ߹ȥ߽Сʣλǣ
ҲСĻش𣺡ԩͷ
һһȻҲ˫һ£ҸܵǼܲ˵ʦʲôİɣͷ˵ȥ±Ц̫ˡ
Ҳʦǽһ£û뵽ʦͦˬģֱӰǸ888ķ䣬ȻǼͽȥˡ
Ժ侹Ȼ۾һֱŴ壬۾գҲе㲻ڣʣСӣ㶢ҿɶлô
ǲǣ־ϣ̽ʣ֮ǰֻ˵Ǵ壬Ҳû˵֣û뵽侹Ȼ֪֡
һҲֵʣôֵ֪ģ
һȵ˵־ϴʦȥҸǰ̣òԤԼģ󾭹ָ㣬Ȼһ˳
գҰ˴һۣһﻹƹϵѵǫ˵˺ãֻǴˣ㲻ʲô
ƶһҲԱߵĻЦЦѯ־˭֪ЦЦ֪ƶ˵ɶƶһ˷ܵĳŴ˵壬
ԶԶ忴СѾͷ˵ͷ
ƶ˵㣬Ժòá
߿ӦбӦ˵һ˵㣬ԵٶǮҲ㣡
ұӵĿ˴һۣʲôƨԵԵǮԵȻȷбӦǾǴˮиҲ汾£ǹɫƭȻְҵƭӣԣְҵٹҵˡ
ǰ˵һѣһ˼Ҫ̸Ǯ
Ȼǵ͹ǰСӵĲƶͷͳһſ˵㿴ȥϵҪ
ˣˣ⵽˾ˡĪһЦ˳־ͰѿսԼĶо쳣ûһ㲻˼ӡ
պԺɫҲ˵ָҡ
ȵȡƶ·թЦݣָ˵֮ǰһҪʸ⣬˵ĻǻԽԽüϸУȻͻùˣܸҸô
д£ȸ˵˵һЦŻƶʣƶҲû룬Ͱ֮ǰ۵Ķ˴壬Ժ˵ͷ˵ûȷ˵һطǺˡ
ŶһҲŤͷ˴壬֪Լʲôطһ
ȷ˵ԽԽֻ޹ߣǸ֪бӦΪʲôǻҪǾĲһʣʦһЦ⣬ң˶ǳ˼
ȷʵ˵˻ᵹùˣǻһЩ汾¸ǰΪ˻ԼĴʵϸһ룬֮ܲܺüһΰɣ̣²һΣǻëֱͶɡ
ǲ֪һֶй£ֶһÿһ¾ͻһ֣ûһλ¾ͻһֻ֣Ҫһ˹񣬾Ҳû£ҲǾ˵ģкñ˵Ժ˵ָҰɣҺúø㡣
ƶһСĵĴԼóһֽȻصĵݸ˴塣
ҿƶ˵ͷƶҲ֪ҪԴҪ뻵Ͳ̫ˡ
СĵطҲң֮ǰҲ۹ѧðÿطҲҡһ棬Ѿͷ汾㡣
ƶ˵ͷ˶ʮӲдһֽ˵ÿһطŵУ㿴ȻֻǴŵġ
ӹƶԺüͷȻóһֽСѧһʮңüëԱߵʦ˵ţ㿴֣е֡
ţʦ˵ͷӹһüë
ƶֵʣôˣҵ𣿡
ǻʵ۸ؤʦֱӿڵʮ֮ǰ󸻴󣬵ʮԺΪĳЩһƶϴ뱲һϣǰһǮԺ뱲ӻᱻǮΪ


236 £һ
ʦһ˵ȵ°ͶҪˣȻҶܶѧץʬʲôҲˣҲ֪ȷ׼ǰ˵ʵ𺳡
ȷʵʦǰͲʶƶӣԸʲôˣʦ˵Ķֱ˵޼ʵ֣ܼҡ
ʦ˵Ժֱĳҿ˹Щò͸¶İɣҡҡͷҲ˵ͷˡ
ƶһҲе㼱ĳʦʣ壬ô찡˼Ժ𣿡
ʦ˵ͷʮţ꿪ʼͻῪʼ½ȻҲûƽ֮
Ǯ˵ǡƶԥʡ
ʦ仰ɫЩˣһ˵ǮΪҸΪ˵Ǯô
ƶҲǸоԼ仰е㲻ԣǸЦ˵ʦ˵ڸô죿
ͦ򵥵ġʦ˸ǰģǰӦò٣һһеļˡ
ô𣿡ЦЦüʦ
ʦ˵ҵ˼һܼҵˣʲʮڣһܸǧ򶼲۵֣Ȼ಻Ҳȷʵеѡ
ʦĻ˶û˵ҸһSBʦⲻǷϻ
ڶ־һеģȻ֮ǰ˵ʲǧ򣬶ҪһҪ£Ϳһб£ԼһȴͿһ񡣡
ʦ˵ʱһȦ˶ټ˵лƶѾͷǲƸ̫ףѹסƣϲֻ֣Ҫҵ֮ǰ˵ǸˣͿùѹƣֽѡ
һʦĻƶʣʦ˵Ǹأܰһ𣿡
ʦҡҡͷ£һڹʱǺܳģܶĽˣЩ񣬶֮٣ֻһЩϲŻҵ񣬵˻ᣬôض׶֮ˡ
ƶüͷЦЦĻƶļ˵ʦȻҲǿеʲôˮ˵ֻҪ¶ѹõưɣǲģҸ¶˲𣿡
ʦ˸ָ¶΢ЦڲôˣСãҪҪѡһأ
ʦʲôĿһŻƶƭζʡ
ƶüʦʣ壬òɣԸȥؤ
ޣСƽأƨҲ̣һءʦ־ָ˵г»Եļһͽܣ¶ˣҲôһ£
һʦĻŵɫˣСôܻǮȢȥǮҲϹҸæҡͷʦȵʦҿϲˣǷﲻǻһ˹¶ô˭
Ҹæתƻ⣬ҲʦȥǴҲһɻģҲ֪顣
ʦ־ָ磬˵˭Сӿǰһӣƶʵգ
û뵽粢û¶һȵģ䣬ʦһۣЦһ£˵ͷû˵
谡вУһɫԵģһǴɫǡƶһ磬ˡ
Ҳˣһվ˵СѾͷƬӣǸܼǣҪүůһأģҲּСˡ
ҿһŭ죬ҲɵӣҲǰЦȻ϶תˣ뵽һˣҪǺС̸ǮҲǰϹ
ЦЦҲ治Ǻ˽Һ硣
Ա߶˵ҺļױǮϵɱҸãʱ֪ܸöټױǮأ֪ĸôá
ЦЦڸԼϹ죬ʵ˵ҺģҵûɶоϾװһ˼ˣһһʼǹӴɵһ¾ûˡ
һĿŷĴԹŶޣ˺޾ڡȻС˵㣬ҿĵһ۾ˣһеҶ
ƶޣҲԲ޳С̸ġ
ЦЦһ˵û£磬ദһʱ˵ɡ
ҵǿóЦЦӦͦͬģΪõİɣǼһ߳Էһ죬ԳɢƶſƵͻЦЦˣҲ뿪ˣң磬ʦȻǻؼȥˡ


237 ˵ʦ
ʦѾͷƬ̸ɶ˸ʿϳҾͳǰ渱ʻʦѯ˶ܿʦڴһ
㶮ƨСѾͷƬӼôǮỹܸɵöûʲôأҵҰе˹ҲûϢٲ취ԼĵһǮͽϱԺôʦ۾ܸһ
粻ˬ˵У㲻֪ȥҸǮСô
ʦһۣȻڳϣǺСĵҿ˿ǳ˵⻰Ҫʦĸǰ˵ҾˣܳԼúðջɣǸС椵ܲ˲
Σֻ޵ıⲻҪʦˣѾģԼ˼ȥСȻԼͽȥ翴Ҳûɶ˫۷أôݵǸС椰ɡ
ĺüҺ綼ʦƨɺתȦȦӾϲܣڼ仹ȥһ·үүܿһܾ͹ȥˣڣӭͻЦЦĻ
ǰһ֪ͨȥæóʲôˣôҲǺøǽ鲻ܺȥһ۾ɵˣѾģ̫ˣϵֱӰһǷһóظǿݳһ̨Ūƹ⣬˵컹иˡ
ǳ㣬ǻƶͷȥ᳡æһ£ʵ˵ǲòҲǴɶҲûϣԭȾƣףء
˵Ϻ̫ˣҶǮˣһ仰ô˵ţʣɽԶףͻЦЦݣǰɰҲ߲
ڶһҾˣװͷģģžԼĸоҲǲ࣬һɫװػ˸õ廨ͷŪ˸󱼣һ
ֻ׾ţԣ治ȥˣŸɫTһɫ̿㣬̿ƨɻиСǰ̵ʱСŪģڿǺɫģƽʱǿ׾ŴŸɫڿ̿㣬˵ᣬ˫Ь͸ȥμӻˡ
ڴſڵʱҿ£ߵһװģҺҲһֻ׾һϻûϴ۽ǻһʺأ֪ôġ
ôҲʦǽͳģʦΪϵȥԷѿӸ㶪ˣҺ綼û˵ɶ
˼ͻЦЦСĻ񣬲׼˵ȽġſڵһպСסǣҺ磬ʦ
ڲμӻģǺҺһͳһݸС㣬Ȼ˵鲻Ҳֻ˵˵ѡ
λλǱ⻹ǲҪȥˡС㵹Ǻò˵
һҲе㲻ˣôҲʦֱ˵Ǳ⣬Ҳ̫ˣʦɱˣһܸʬˣһ£ӿ㶵ﾹȻͳһѵİԪ󳮡
һѣһҲһٶţСһҲ۾һʦǮСǰ˻˵עԴǣܵԷĶĹͣô
СһǸ⣬ʦĵ˵ͷȻͰǰǮֻ㶵ҪߣСһæס΢Ц˵Ǹ
ҿʦôҲҲסˣС˵ʦ磬͸ǮզأղǰǮأ
ҾóװBҲû˵ҪʦһɻʣѲɽͷǵø
ⲻǷϻôҰʦһۣСͻȻ߳һʮ꣬һɣ΢ֵˣһСʣôˣ
ƶһﲻȥСʶˣæ߿
ƶһӦþǻЦЦǵĸˣգΣҸ뿪ڽͣƶͻСȵ֣Է˭˵Ҫģֻһ⣬һĳˣʱǼǮˣ
һ䵹˵ͦƵģҲ治һҹڵĸ˵оһ
һ򸻺Ů飬һåһļһﲻҪȥԷһ˻ʲôӦ
Ƹо򸻺һʱ˴һһٰɣǹǱϲɵ飬ǰƶԲıɫĳʦʣСֵǲеѣû£ȻȥԣʱòȥҲϲȥԻϯ


238 
ҸأͻȻʦЦеģ͵͵һҶʱ˵ͷû˵װʶȻͺ˽ȥȻ֪ʦڸʲôɻֻҪڻҾˡ
ҺһȥԶľͿ䴩һɫװкأһϲġ
Ȼ˻ó˳ȥЦЦӭȢ»ֳأϴͳǲģ俴ҺҲϲܵǰʣôôΰ£ϽģȻһȥЦЦˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Уϳأǰɰôˡ
˵ŪأӭôҲ̫˲ǡ
Ǽ˳ȥҲˣſһһɫɫİµA8һжʮȫոµģɣÿ϶һ˾
ʱˣȥˡʱҲܹ֪ͨˣһѵˣ˸ȥҿȥ
ȺﻹʦˣͳæͷۻģûʦأʱǴԶһۣǼһŻЦЦĸ׳һ뿪ġ
ӿú˫ڳ浽һȦԺһȥЦЦһСſͣŸָĺܳЩҲ˻鳵ģҲŵƽʵģá
³һ˸ɽأ˵ˣڶ¥һ䣬ҪԼ취Ҳǵһϰװɡ
Ǽܵſڣǽ飬㣬˵ú壿ײţ
ʵҲûǴţ澹ȻһȺŮĸסˣŲýһȺүҲʹƣһСôƵù
ƿң䣬磬ļǣҲ̫ʶͬѧǼ˽ȥ
˻ЦЦ⣬ƶҲڣʱеѾͷƬӣЦЦ촩һɴѹֱ˶˵һŮǽʱ
ϱߡЦǺǵľҪȥˣû뵽ƶм˵УɱЦЦ˲ߡ
ԾյΪȻǴкãҲ⣬Ϳʼ˵һĻϱҰ֮ġ
˵˰ЦЦûɶʾҲеΣЦЦʣǰǮ˭ܣ
㡣һ˵꣬ЦЦֵøһ
Ȼһ˷ܻ˷꣬ϯܿˣ⻹಻ˣʱ˺üľƲ˲ǿá
أҿ˿Ϳ羹ȻŶ̨еϯ䣬˭֪λڻʱⰡһֻ׺ֱϵֻرܵѣҺϵôҲֻеԶ
ʦȻ˻ƶԱߣ˻˵Цĸ׿ҪһЩʮɣǾȵģʦҲûʲôҲûкʦ˵ֻżͻƶġ
ܿʮ㣬һʦȻ̨ˣﻹűʥ
û뵽ʽ񰡡翴ǸʦٺٵЦ̨Ǹʦڽ˫֮󣬾ȻͻЦЦء
գһʦʥ̨һأݸã޶԰ݡ
ʦһ㶼ϻʶԷǲమôôˣȻķʽֳˡ
Ҹ˶Ǻʲôʽģй˾йˣŪһ׸ʲôҹҲǰ˵ģһ㶼˫ǲమģҪమҪʲô
˺е࣬еƹһЩͱǰѧӢѧȥֲ׼ѧӢʲôӢŪ˳ѧҪѧơ
ԼͨûռأԼҵĺѧҵԣһĴоԣǧ֮й˶˵Ӣʱǻйô
ȻҲԼɧ
Ժ˫ĸ˵ˣƶ̨Ժ󣬿ŻЦЦ̾˵Ů˶ʮ꣬ڼ޳ȥˡ
˵һѣ޷Ǿǰôôһף˵ƶȻ˷˵Ҳ뵽һλˣϣܸλһף׾Ŵʦ룡
ƶһЦĿʦʦһ㵣ϡͿ̨ӹ˷˵ʵҽԻȵģҲû׼ɶ
ʦһڣ˶Цʦ촩õȷеݣûܰʹʦǣʦҶЦͷ˵ȻԷˣ㶫˵ȥ


239 
˶˫۾ʦ뿴ҪʲôһĸҲüͷԭھ͸ֵ̨˵ˣô꣬ò׶ӽֵԼ˵Լ׼һĪ˰Լʱռˡ
׾Ŵʦÿǰڱû˵飬ǰҲֻżƬû뵽컹ܿ㣬֮ƶ³һϿҵĿʦ
Ȼƶ³˵ˣСһǰҲԹ˲ԺԼɾ죬ͱɷҽˣûɶǰ;ȹҰ˾͸Ÿǡ
ʦһ˵꣬ƶ³¶ϲģĸһɻͻȻʦҿ˿¶ı飬̨ߵҺ˵ˣҲˣøˡ
ƶ³һ´پۣ˵Һ־ܳ˷꣬ʦܵһ˵С棬ͻȻˮﾹȻɳһֻѪֻһɵʦǰڵϻΪһ̲ѪˮȻǱ˼֡
ʦ˵ɶأϵǹģҿ
ʦü˵ظˣϽ绰ӣ׼Ķȥ
ţæͳ绰µĸ˴壬˵Ͼ͹
˴һʿȻͳ򸻴ÿȥڳϵʱʦҲ˸绰ݾǸ߷壬һķҽȴû˼ʦ˵ɶظ׳ʲôˡ
˼Ժ徹Ȼ͵ˣһȥʦ˿£ֱ˵׼ϾҪȥ
Ҳ£óŷյơ
ҺʦӦþǹˣȻϴȥһεظǴҶԺ֪ôأഫֻжܸʱС
һѵĵطһ꣬Ҳ׳ƵϣôԼ뿪ǰظأ
ŷĳҲͦģഫδʱйһλݵһҪԻһԼķû뵽˼ȻʱҲ룬ӲͷƤһʹþȻԼܵظ󻹻ݸϽ¼ַȻԼϸȡ֡
ڶѹݣظԹйأֻ룬һ˾ظ˼δҲ꣬ظܾĹ룬Ǻݣб³ȺһЩߵʿŻ롣
ҲΪʲôֻһЩ˲ܹһЩèҪ˹˵ظͻᱻ˼ҹ
ǻˣȻǹҪ߻·ΪߵĻ·Ժ»Ұһ沨ƯĶҲԼػꡣ
ǹļˣǰǿԺԣǵͦ鷳ģ뻹ǵҾͰҵɻ˴塣
ʦһһۣ˵ӣյСûıƣֻҪյСƲϨͿ԰ȫػġʣһϨأ
һϨҲԻػ갡ҹǿⲻǷϻôʦûൽҵĻڵܻܲڵԼΰ¡
ˣǵȥԺڰ벽࣬㾡Ҫ˵ʦ˵ͰĳҵϣһҵĶͷһγ˯⴫ҵڵϾ˯˹ȥ
ιιѹˣСӣӹôô
ҶߴʦԺ۾ʦأվҿ˿ҺʦźɫأһΧȻڰ벽ˣʦҶ˵С˯Ҳ̫ˣϽߣһء
˵ǰæȥܿߵ˻վҿԶڻεļСĵĽ䱸ϾҺʦǺڻţҪǱ̲Ļһ鷳ˡ
ʲôʲôһȻֱͦͦĳҺʦ
СôŸɶʦֵĿңͻȻȻ˵ˣСڵⰡ
ҵ˵ͷָǸ߹Ĺʦйˡ
壡ʦҵĺһµ˼ϴλȹأôͰˣ
һԭϴΰܵǸĹͳʦؿڴһȭ˵ӣôˣң£һ浱̫ˡ
ӳ꣬һӶġʦЦӵһ


240 
ʦĻﰵⲻôȻҹΪϴε飬һվеӰŤҲû˵ֻҡҡͷ
ļһﱧԺҲ߹ȥ˵á
Ҷ廹ǺкøеģϾϴȹǼһΣҵ˵ͷŶʦ˵ˣɲģء
ʦͷʣ׳ʲôˣôİҽ
ԭǲýģȻظңǰԵӢˡüͷ˵ǼӢϵһβصؽġ
ӢôֺϤĸоǲһԱͽôȻɻ󣬵Ҳû˵
ʦӳܴɫһ¾ͱдŭʣӢô˵ģ
֪̾˿˵ʱʱĻѾһЩɢˣΪģڰ޳һתæתתʯűסĻǲɢ
ڰ޳ǵȷ˼ʦüͷʣΪͰҽ
ҿ˿ȷΧûʲôֺ˵֪ʲôɣӢʱϴһĹӢҲǱֶ˵ģʮ²ˣôӢǲ˵˵ֻ˲Ÿ㡣
ԽԽˣѾвٵĹΧʧˣӢӦ֪ģͲ˵˵ԺʦüʣӢǹܰ˵˵ģڵظʮûˣ֪һС֣浽ǹʲô
ô֪ֻǸ㣬޳ҲֻǸһС֣ȥʰɡ
Ҳ¶ݣòڵظңӲûأϣظɵɡ
ˣǻǸϽȥаɡʦ˵ͳŻȥҲæں棬ҿóʦˣȻ֪ǸӢô£ʦôʦĹϵӦòһɡ
վǹΪ˵Ҳ֣俴ôҲһ£վĹûɶо
ʦͦԵģͲŶӣֱƿǰˣϻˣЩԭ˲ӻ׼أһʦӣһľͰƲˣû
˻𳵣𳵺ܿ촫һ¡¡ˡ
ڳϵ˲࣬ҲϴĲһҪ٣ﻹһЩĹûл̸ཻܳ
֣оҲɻ󣬾ͳԱߵʣ尡Ǹɶ
ԭͷ֪ʲôأôʣ̧ͷЦһָŻ𳵴˵ʲô
˳ųᴰ⿴ȥɵһƬʲô壬Ҿ˵ʲô
ˡ˵ʵ˵ܾǰظЩطɵһƬһƬĮڴһǧǰ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˺ܶصİϴĵظռݣֻһֵûˣЩڵظʷٿУʱҴȥظͼݿ׻ﵱͼԱء
ȥֵطҸоʣ˵вʲôص𣿡
ʦʱȻҲˣԺ˺ܶĹޣҵ޵ȵȣЩǿһֻɱֻ֣ǹҲ˲ܽһֻܿͳ˽أϽ롣
ôͣǰҲһֻҵްоզİһ𵱳ֻҵޣȻҿ϶򲻹ЩһҲǳԸɷģǰܸɹһֻ
˼䡣ʦһЦ֪ôڵظĶһ˼͵ñѹƾųʵ
ҵ˵ͷҲԣҪʮͻȻȥʵ֣ǺΣգһȥ˼Ҳôһ
ʦҵͷҲͲˣŤͷ˵ȥӢʱȥʯǰɣȻƣҲҴԭ򡣡
С˵ͷ
Ȼһ·ֺʦһЩģҲˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲûֻʱ䣬ԼоǹһɣŻ𳵵ĺǰİУԼԼĿһЩнڵ޳ˣ


241 ǩ

޳ǵĻվͲ벽ôӵˣܿտ˸һȺ³Ժ󣬻𳵺¡¡ľһлȪ·ķʻȥ
վȻһɫСγڵˣǶû˵ϳԺ󣬳һʮĹ˾ӿ˴ʮӣ޳ǡ
޳ǻǻɵģ·ϵһĵͷûн̸ԼԼ飬е
ӣ³ɣҵȥˣȥʯˡʦ˾·ͣҵ˵ͷ³ԺСͿˣӣߣȥʯɡ˵Ҫҳ⳵æҡͷѾģòһεظֱӾȥأȥһĶԵԼ
𰡣壬֮ǰ˵Ҫȥʲôͼôȥ顣ǳȥİأϴһ¸ͼҾԭΪţˣȥԺҲԺǴһţˣȥ죬ȥǸдţƵʱ
֪Сӻô˵ҵʱ࣬ԣӦǸڵظס˶ɣȥ֮Ҫǩʲôġ
˵ʵҲ̫ˣ֪ڵظ಻ֵǮˣΪִнܳɾ͵ڵظȾסȨһﻹͼݸ˺ö꣬Ҫ쵽ˡ
ϣʱ򿴵ɨֵ˵Ǹأ߰ɣͼҲԶ˵
˶ʮӰɣһͼǰͣͼش¥ߣģģſڻҪŶӲܽȥ
ǹֱӴҡڵ˽ȥҸսȥͿһӵĹŸСһ˵ף׵ȹŴʫĵطͼݽγʾ޴󣬵Ȼǻȥ棬ո֡
ɶظҵô۾Ҫɳˣ˵ͷָЩһСñδŵĹ˵ЩûڵظסȨˣֻҪһǮǿڵظιһʱ䣬֮ǰԿһˣҲһЩڤңܺ𡣡
Щһӿֹͦ۵ӣҲû˵˸УһĲϵŰԼڵظľ档
˵ҵ־ͼݵ¥ߣͼݺܴ󣬵鼮ܶ鼮Ҹûͽ˵Щ˼ûеģЩʲôʫԺдġ
¥ʱ˾˺ܶˣװҪܶ࣬ʱЩм仹һ̨һ棬Щδŵ˰֡
ףҿ̨ǸһɫװŴͷ͹ģе΢֣һ۾͸һСһȻе࣬оҲʮ꣬˵Ѿʱʮô˰ԽԽᡣ
Ȼأһ˵ʱݵøһЩӹúˣȻ͹ġ˵ԺֱӲӣߵǰ˵һķ˿
ԭһΪ׻ʱವģû̧ͷһ۾ЦһΪ˭أССֵܣҪǩղһǩĹʫϼѣһ
˵껹һһƬݸңҿһⱾƬǩɶģҪǸ㵽ȥڹƶɣհȻˣǰҪ׵ǩ鰡
Ͳ˵ˣеʱζƬϵ״һţп㣬һTԵģײŹˡ
ҸЦһ£ô˵Ҳǰһ⣬պԺоҲûɶ˼׺ееɣ˵ʱҲˣɶȸˡ
ͼ߳ҡҡͷظִ̫ˣҵļʣǲǺе룿
аɣֻͻȻҪǩɶģоеԹԵġʵش
̫ˣʵظ֮ԷչôִҲŴĹϲԸ⣬Ȼڵظ˼ǧ꣬һɲ䣬ҲǺܿġҵļ˵ˡ
һʦǾ仰ҰͲһӲЦҲˣ˵壬߰ɣȥʯظôĶϣҪ̫ˡ
š˵ͷ·һ⳵Ȼϵʦ˵ʯֺǸʦͿų⿪ȥ޳һƬĮ̲ࡣ


242 
ʵҵʯӦ׸ߣΧɭɭģʯȴһҲһ
ʯȻʮ׸ߣ͸һһ̲ϣ滹֣ʯ
ʯ𣿡³ԺȵĿ˿Χʣظıôû˿أ
˵ʯˣֻҪֱ۴棬ͻõһЩǰļ䣬ھҲ֪ΪҲû
ֵʣû𣿲˵µظͶ̥ÿһ˶ῴʯô
ҡͷ˵ǳأʯʵ˵ʵԼûкô෴кܶĻ

üëû뵽⻹л
Ҫǻָǰļˣ˵ڵʶǰļأʵܼ򵥵һһǲʯģʦȻӦǶĲŶԡ
ҿЦƨİ˵ʵһֱҺܵĵ⡣
ҡҡͷɶأˣѲʱ򻹵ôҳ˵ͷʣ壬ַȥ˰ɣšͷ
ߵʯǰž޴ʯͷԭվԶ˻оʲôһ߽ȻһͨʯͷȴѾõʯҡҡ֣ȥ
ͻȻҴһۣ˹ȥ

ҿ˿ͻȻԼһ棬ǰһҳһģһڵϿͷء
龰ȻϴǸһģһ͸Ӿһǽһνĵطʼģڵô˵أо͸оԼ侳һĺҶܸоָоϴξܸҵġ
ǸҲɳҲûвҵĴڡ
ܿһҹ͹ȥˣڶԺɳȻҲûҪߵĴ㣬һɨɾ׼סһͷԵӡ
ȻйҪ뿪Ҳһ˼ЩʵѾһǧǰˣЩ൱ڵӰʲôġ
ڵĸоģҿɳһڷһһ磬ڵǰҲ˵ˣβһξһСʱҾ͸оǹһСʱ
ڣڶҹˣɳȻڿ鼮ʵʱĻʮҰɣͻȻĴűһˣɳһ¥춯æȥҲæ˳ȥ
ҳȥһȻСٻСٻǴһɫ·һɳüȵ첻Ѿ뿪ô
ɳСٻһЦϴС֪С̲Щѣ׼ЪϢϼ黭õϳۣչ̲뿪
ӻ黭Сٻɫ˲١
Զһ㡣ɳ˵ͷȻȻܵԼһ͵ԼһЩ黭ݸСٻ
СٻһҲޣСٻͻȻеһʣӣ֪⻭ǴӺζ
һԭأЩʲôҸͲͻȻСٻ仰һǴչȥһԵģ⻭ϲǺ˼ôҲСٻ
˵ģ̫ˣ̫ˣ⻭ϵСٻһһ»ģϵЦݲ쳣ɳһ̾˿˵ǰʱڸһԹ¿ģҼϥӣƶʵ̲͸ǣҪұȡҵһߣ˵Ǯ򻭣ġ
һСٻˣɳСٻֵʣС㣬ôˣ
ûʲôֻеδ̫ˡСٻ˲ᡣ
ɳӦþСٻĸĸүү֮ģɳϸһֿ˿СٻЦףС㣬û뵽㻹⻭֮м֮Ұ⻭͸㣬סΣ
ʵɳ׾ȻһϳǻеˣɳȴϲеŮӸڼŮãϻЦݣСٻǴŵ㲻ʳ˼̻ζ˼ȻҲģǵ춹ģСٻҵĸо
СٻĿɳһۣӹСķźãȻ˵ֻҪԸסþסðɡ
ɳһʹϲæлСٻǲɳת߳
ɳСٻȥıӰҲ¶һ˿Ľ֮˽֮οСٻˣɳͻȻʣһŰֽ


243 ϼ
Ҫ˵ɳҪִһߵȌ˿ƾ⻭֪ԵŮˣȻӲƾ֮ǰļ䣬Сٻ֮ǰģΩΩФñ֮ǰ͸СٻĻӺá
еСٻȻģȴһƬ˷Ǻͺ˼ơ
ŮֻӦУ˼ѵüؼɳ̾СպûطϢļɳ춼ڷ仭ϵʱСٻͬһʱ֣ɳ졣
ΪһԹߣȻǿó˵Ĺϵĸı䣬ⲻͬڿӰӰܶණǾ־趨һʲôĶܸо˵ٯ
ҼɳСٻʵȴģԽϤԽǲ¶ԼԶԷİĽǲϵһ¡
ڵСٻչʹСٻɳҲǳӭӣ̽һЩĶȻɳŸСٻ˵СٻҪˡ
СٻԭҲ¶ȵӣԴʣôôôס죬Ͽǻкܳһ𣿡
ʱ仭Ļ˹Ҳҵ̲ˣҴȥϰѻȻȥϿҴӦ㣬ֻҪҿ״ԪһһġɳһģҿԼǰˣ⼸ı֣һоǰǸȴȵĶ
Сٻ¶һ˿įҪǿ״ԪͱˣԺ󶼱ˣԶҪ
ΪʲôأɳտڣСٻӰѾˣɳڴ˼Сٻûг֡
ˡɳ̾һԵǿеġ
ҲûкҲ²ᷢʲô£û᲻ǲٻŮĻһֻ߻طʲôı䣬Ҷûв²⣬ֻǸɳĹ£²ҲԶûãΪЩѾǧ֮ǰˣģҲֻйۿ
ɳ˸һС򣬲ӲӰݵŵȥģǹŴҲӾֶŵˣⲻ͸ִڴǹһô
ɳ˸ط̯ʼĻܺãúܿ죬һѣл˳ȥҲһǸרŸСٻĻ
֮ǰ˵ɳǸ˿һ㶼ԩɽֿ˺üͷ˻ҲǮˣôҲóԵõİǺãܵҪһС档
ʱѾʱˣ˺ܶ࣬ɳܵһȥŷ̻
ιСӣأⲻͻȻһߵɳǰﻹȡ
գҿǰˣӣһݵ·һѽϼ
ϼǵĺǳʶˣϰɶɶӣһֱͦϲµһķ˿ʧ١
ϼֵɳ棬ɳ˵Сӣҽϼɶ
ɳ̧ͷϼļȣ˿ĭûȥãǵͷﺬ˵ɳ
Сӣ֪ôйζϼָĳɳᣬɳҿ˿Լ˵һס߰죬ûϴ裬ҪӰθˣԻӳԷ
ҪҸղǻ˵й֪ϼ˵Ժһ¿˿Χ˵Ͻԣ˸ߡ
ɳСӻͦģҡͷ˵ƾʲô߰
˰ɣϼȻֱ׳һӣɳһæǮսԼȻС
ܳ˭ϡ塣ϼֵЦȻɳ˳ȥ
ϼɳ߽һұݣȻ߽һ䣬ɳϼȥԺϼ˵СӵҰȥһ¡
˵ܵԡϴ裬ȻϲϼҲ޳ܵȥ͵һүϴ裬֮ǰӰСٻϴƬΪëûأơ
ܿϼ˳ԺɳʹסˣҸˡ
ϼѺӹˣһոµɫӣһȣɳӦǾϼ仯ô죬֮ǰһأͻȻͱһӵģ
ҵĳԾӦģʼϼӵʱһɶںһΣȻ糤һģһҷģҴС紩ɿ㳤󣬾ǲϴġ
ϼȻ糤ֻֿܣһ־ϼĺȵĻ򣬳һ㣬һ֣ϼת


244 
Сӣʲôû˧𣿡ϼɳòüȵ
ɳæ˵ǣǰΪǴ֮ˣû뵽
߽ɷΣϼָ˵ɣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ɳҡҡͷϼ֪ʲôɽ֪ʲô𣿡
ɽסһʱˣûʲôŹְֻһɳشǲǽ£ϼЦһ£ƿĴüŴ˵Сӣʵ㣬ǵطɲʲôƵأ类һȺħռ˵˵ʲô
ɳüͷ˵ϼ˵ҸǮɲǰ׸ģϽ˵
ɳҲ֪Ǯ֣˵ͷԼʱϼɳһҲʵֱӾͰСٻ˳
ɳĻԺϼЦһ£˵Ͻ뿪طɣǵطħ磬Ҳ֪ôڵġ
ᰡλСٻһ˶ס棬ôأɳҡͷʾţϼҡͷ̾Ȼǰѽת߳䣬ɳ
ҿɳüëԥʲôɳҡҡһģС˵ղ˵ɽֵĻСٻǺΣգ
˵ԺɳҲ˳ȥæȥȻֱӱɽȥҡҡͷһﻹǶÿԣһҪ˵֣¶㲻һﵹãֱܻȥ
ɳܵµʱѾǽӽˣҸһԾ
˵òʲôı䣬֮ǰҲ˵ˣڵξ֣ܸоָо
ڵȻòûʲôı䣬졣һֺѹֵĸоɳһͨʲôоȾ˽ȥ
ȥԺɳңûҵСٻҲüëϿ϶дҪɳ׼СٻһȻ֮ܵǰķϢ
ڷҲǵӰ¼һʱúܿ죬һξѾϾŵңҿŻϿɳеõۣȥطߵʱͻȻ¾ʹ˿
ɳһϲȾ˳ȥæš
ɳܳȥſ˵ϣҴôˣ߹ȥһʱˡ
ǿˣһѵġˡЩˡһʺɫ·мһ߰ʮ̫ţƶøƤһһ£̫⻹ʮ֣ҶòŮӡ
СٻûС
㣬ɽүȢСٻˣطҺúõĴҪúɽүˣǶûɢǸ̫ſ˵ˣвŮģҺ̶ܴŸоһ졣
ⲻǺſջǸ󵱼ҵôҺͺ˼ȥſջҽķɱ˺˼ѹˣΪ֪ɳ˼Сٻ
ʮòŮֻΨΨŵŵĵ˵ͷǸ̫ĵ˵ͷȻת뿪
ɳڶͷĺˮһóǼȽţҲ湻ùġ
С绹ôѾˣǼСÿɵúú㡣ʮòŮӣҲֻ֪ǹһŤСߵ¥ɳŵȶˣȺ֣ɫɷס
С磬ʲôҳ𣿡ȺŮһЦҿˮˣЩƯòˡ
ǲôɳȺŮӹƸоɶ֣СʣǼŮӶһۣû뵽һôɵɣһһЦʣ㿴Ҫˣ
ҲҲԣСðˣСɳʼλСɳһ⻰Ϊ⼸λͲ֣æվ˵
ǼʲôͻȻ¥¾ʹСٻһ¥£СٻģָȺŮӶݺݵ˵ҵġѡǸҹ
ȺŮһһȻһ˿ʣǳСٻЦһ£ȻתһЩʼŵƽ
Сٻˣ֪һӣ˵ɽ֣㻹ǸϽ߰ɡɳܵСٻǰСٻ־Ҫߡ
Сٻһ˿ж¶ŭ⣬ҹ˭ģСٻҲеҺ𣿹


245 뷢
ɳСӻɵģƻûŪأ˵Сٻɽҿ£оɭɭģϽ߰ɡ
СٻüͷͻȻ֮ǰǸ̫ųСٻ󣬰һΪ̫ôֵҸû塣
Сٻ˼һôôأ̫ĳɳ˵ӣȥ¥ϵš
ɳεĵ˵ͷ˵õ˼ңȻҲһ߰ɡ
˵ɳҲܻԼţҵû뿪¥¿
Сٻʱ䶼ûˣǸСȻɵģһͯӼʢȥӰɣȻɽү֪ҵ˻᲻˵ġǸƽ˵
ΧЩȡֶĽĿСٻСٻϸЦһ£˵ͷ
ͻȻڵˣѾͷ뷨ҲͶˣùܿ
ͻȻſڴȻϼֻô꣬Ǹùܣ
ſһϼŽһɫõ·ﻹһ«ƺģһľ
ѣ˾͸ҲɡһŮϼһ˷ܣæڣֿŮһһİղѡ
ȥɡѺ̵ܼ˵֡
ǸŮ˷ˣҡһ䣬ȻһֻɫĴֲ꣬ǣֻȻβͣ
ſջĶңҲǸҲβû뵽µһص¾Ȼʵ
Ǹϼ˹ȥϼȻĺһھƣںϼֻһ׵ʱͻȻϼ³ھƣںϺһȼܵĻ档
沢Ҫֻû뵽ԭΪһȻ˺Ȱˡ
ϼĿǰĺ꣬һ߿ԺҡҡλεָǸ̫ţ㻹ǾͱЩСˣԸϼֻôһЩС𣿡
ΧЩŮһϼ֣һСٻҲһ־ģ̫Ͽһ˿ŭ⣬˵ϼǸνµһƾµһҲѶ
ϼͷЦŵ˵ܲܺ㶷˾֪ˣ޼Ǭ跨ԵģԭΪӰǸϼѾţˣû뵽ʵеϼôš
ϼһĹȥûʲôЧֻǸһӣͰǸȼյĺƵԼǰһǸȻһƬѪ衣
ⲻʲôèβִܻ쵽ſջʵ֣Ȼһƾ͸ˡ
е˼¶Ц⣺СٻȥǸţˣϣ
Сٻ˵ͷܻطˣʮһĲԸһĶ˺ȥϼ
ȻǲȥɳСٻ鰡ģϼʮһ
ԽԽоԾϼǣˡ
񲢲װBźôɼܣϸһ룬Ҳȷ˭ĺȥɼܰǲǵӾװBڰˣʵô
ϼĺˣ·أҲǹͣӣʮһռϷ硣
ԵģǻȥģˣˣˣϼԺĴȥģΪȥͿŪǡ
Х죬ɣ򷨹ڡ޼
ϼȻֱӰǰѽϣͻȻѽһֶΪģʮѽǸѿϼĶɫ뷢
ѻҶʧˣʮһûôˣʮѽѪ
ϼŴЦ⣬⡣˵ڵϴ˺࣬˯
ӣôôôꣿ
ûһɳ¥ˣϼڵ˯أҡҡϼ˯ûдСٻҲˣüһصĺʬ塣
ҿСٻϼʱɱ⣬Сٻֿһɳҡҡͷûж֡
ʵɱϼֱ˵ϴ֮Сٻȴɱϼɳǰʲôõӡɡ
ɳϼԼ䣬ѵЬϴ˯
ӲʲôˣȻƢզáɳСٻ˵
Сٻ˵ͷ˵ʱҲˣ뿪ˣԼǵСһ㣬ȴˣһ뿪ɣʲô͸ϽѴӡ


246 ܣ
ɳҲûСٻ˵ͷСٻųȥʱģͷѵһһ͸Ͻ뿪֪𣿡
ɳ˵ͷСٻ뿪СٻһߣɳȻһӾĽţô죬浹ùﾹȻĵ֣군ˣ군ˡ
ɳҲǱղֻװ֪ѣСٻһߣͿʼ
УøϽ߲СɳüץҪܣԵģ˵ɳСٻǹôȻµҪ
Ȼ鼮ϼص󰡣ϸһҲԣһ΢ˣͻȻһһ֣ƯҲֻẦ¡
ɳҪ뿪أͻȻתϼҲǸˣôΣյĵط˵űϼܡ
ҲæϣϾڵĹѾϤٻŮĻ꿪ʼвһĵطˣû뵽ɳ¥СٻͽܽˣСٻ˵ɳһԼܣɱˡ
ɳһСٻˣ־ͰϼڵϣЩֵʣСٻ𣿡
Сٻҡҡͷɳ˵ôأ
治֣ɳ˿Сٻ˵ͷ˵Ҳ֣ǹ
谡ɳһ˺üСٻɳҲû¶ģϵɳӦˣĿһſ˵˵Щûõˣѿ쵽ˣǳϼĵʿģԼСĵܣûµġ
šɳ˵㣬طǸǲбڣ˸˳ȥԭ׻ᷢʲôأͻȻΧһתҾȻصɳΧʱɳڿء֣ѵﲻɳ̫Զô
һСʱСڡ
ǸϼӦûµģû뵽ɽ֡ɳܵһõ꣬ʱʮңˣһЩʳڳԷɳȥ߶һ䣬ȻͳС˵СС棡
ɳҿ˿ܵһ£ܿСˣɳʹĳʹҡͷǰɳеĻҪʰ
ͻȻſ⾹Ȼ߽У˳ۿȥȻһʮϺϺдüĿģһƣһȣҿǸܸое죬ҡҡͷӦǴɡ
ϺȾȻɳĶ棬أͻȻеȾȻķȲһ棬ŶɳʣС磬ã
һ㶼ãУңɳ棬ԸС
ϺеһЦʣҼʩзԣ֪޽ҷ֮⣿
ɳ̧ͷϺһۣҡҡͷ˵ǼӣҪڽӴأʦɡ
˵ҪߣϺһӾվץסɳҼзԵҽ컹ƤΣ
ϺУˣһõ״Ԫ½أɳһ£Ϻֱ󣬸Ѳ
ϺоȻͷЦΧɻһЩʳͣƵϺе֪ж£Ҳڻᣬû뵽СһﾹȻ뵱״Ԫҵӡ
кǮôԹҫôɳҡͷԣʾԼûɶȤϺʣ֪˭𣿡
ҹ˭ɳƲ죬ϺвŭӸˣúúã
˷棬ܣϺЦеĿɳ
ɳôҲǶˣȻŷ𣬵Ҳ֪Ĵɫ䣬˫ֺʮû뵽ǻܴʦղСʧˡ
ûû£㣬ԸԸͽܰЦеʣɳͻȻ˵ܴʦԶһɽɽΪ˼䣬һҲץסˣҪܽұΪʦ
ܴʦ˵ͷָɳ˵ԺǱɽȥ
Ժ˾ʰɽˣҲ֪ΪʲôɳͻȻķҪȥϼ
Ǳµʱ澹ȻѾŵƽӿȿʼ˲֪Σҵϲ֡
ʦȻǹ۲۲ٽȥɡɳеŵĳŻʵ
ȣػҡڵֱȥ
Ҳɳ̫СˣϺ˭ܰ棬ЩС𣿲ͻȻҲ뵽ſջЩϻңѵڵйϵ


247 ɽ
ӷ𣡡ϺԶһ䣬һŨ񣬴ԶͻȻԭֵһӾͰֳ˳һצŽ䱸ĿϺС
Ա߿棬Ҳ˿ĭ֪ЩֿңվϺбҲеţҴµĿ£澹Ȼһٶ֣һĿ
һȻʮ㣬ûһȶֵģǸͻȻҲЩǰ棬ѵɫѿǰĻ˫ֺʮ֪ܴʦкҪ£
ԲۣʲôʲôţƣţưϺоվ֮ǰǸһȻֱ˫ֺʮз񣬻飬ûʲôͽ˵һط
ɫһ䣬Ⱥץ𣿡
ûаѡЩ˵
ЦʦҲˣʲô֪
ͻȻܴʦüͷвף붯ִ֣Բұ㳬ǡ
⻰һ˵ǸѵɫѿҾֵͦģֱӽ˾£ѲϼǸˣҲ԰ǸҧҧʦǺɽүҪˣ
ɽܴʦһ£ͻȻ̧ͷҲ̧ͷһԭһЩ¹վȻƣԣЩƣ
գҪ֪ڸо侳ĸо춼ɫѰնѹֱ˶˵ŴͣûҪִûյ˴
ͻȻеȫȺͻܵмһúɫ۰ˣûһ¶ˣҲúܴñӸţͷģֻ쳣ɫ۾
ܴʦһɺɳƵϴ޵¶һӴѹ˴
ɳļЩŵˣڵɪɪأܴʦһЦͻȻϷһ͵ķ⣬ϵģȻ˸оůģǹѹȸȥ
ҸղŵĻҲˣǾ뿪ܴʦźɽ˵
ܣɽһ˵ɱʮ£뿪δ棿
Ͳٳ㼸𣿡ϺҲ¶ɱ⣬Ա߿ϺҲûеôʴȡ
νȲƱһζʴȵǲܵ쵼ߵģοǵʱ̵ϴ󣬷𷨵ȻһͷԣԼֶΡ
ԣɽҲһҲʾ˫һɣη塣
ܴʦȡ²ҵķ飬ʹһ˦Ȼſڵʯȥ֮أҷ֮
һǿ׶ߵʯȻһ˸ϡãɽҲֹȻһ¸µЦʦӣԺô⡯
ɽ˵Ȼ
ֻ֪ɱԽĹҷϲɱԽɱ˿ջãܴʦһ
ɱ˿ջֿɲôͽкſջлܴʦɽ
һԣ⾹ȻǺſջֵԴ
ɽϽˣҲһҪ¡ܴʦֳĲͷɽ˵ͷ֣ϼȻƾճˣϼõģѪ߰ߣѾ˹ȥ
»֮գʦͲȥôɽְϼ˻ܴʦǰ޳˵
ܴʦ΢΢һЦָһ㣬ͻȻ˫һɽǸͽһԵ֡
ϺУ̫ˣɽͻȻŭˣˣȥĵҵİɣȻҪǿɾʹ򣡡
ɽһһƬգܴʦС˵Ե֣þûܿ
˵Ժܴʦһʮ׸ߵĽ𣬷ҫգ䡣
գЩһֱӷŴУ̵۾ۣüŵµɳɳڸϼأϼһ˹ҿ˿ˣİҲںȾ𣿡
ӣϽܣ֣ɳĵһ䣬ϼ̧ͷһܴʦϵϻʹʲôˣŭɽԣңŪ㣬Х죬ɡ򷨹ڡ޼


248 Ǿ
ϼϵǱûʮѣΪһƹ⣬Ȼֱӳ嵽ϣҴ
СմɽߣҲǺɣںͻܴʦԳ֣ͻȻϼң϶ѩϼ˪
ͻȻԶǸҲɫһ䣬׶ָϼķ˵ϣ
ʱһٶֻҲצϼڣһٶֺֻܿͰ˸ΧȺɽС٣ʢ
Сֵܣ㲻ðæȥͽܾСܴʦһٶֻ֣ɫһߣԱߵϼС
ϼͷָϵĽأ
ʮѽɻϼΧϼŻɳһѷɽҪ뿪ɳͻȻ뵽ʲôˣСٻȥСٻ
֡ϼһۣɳ˼һ£Բ֣ǹ֡
𣿡ϼȻŷɽɳ˴֪ɳô˵ϼϼ󶪳һѷɽɳվãȻʮѷɽֱӳ£ŶԣӦýſջˡ
һٶֻҲǳصģϼҪ壬һĶϼǰϼͷҲð亹Եģ޼Ǭ跨
ϼʮİѷɽ壬ڷɽףƾˣ˵ɱ˷ɱƣܿϼʮֻּ֣ϼô˭ȥ
ں澪°ͶˣҲ̫ˣϼҪſջʱͻȻſھȻһôϼһͱϼķɽϡ
ڹۿʱͻȻΧһתҶʱˣɳһﲻ֪ȥˣһɳǰѷɽ֪ʲôʱѾ͵͵˺ſջʱ¥ݣСߣƿԼķ˽ȥ
ҸŽȥһСٻȻСٻһɫ·ǹʱŮӽ鴩·һϸ֮ǰ飬ӦþҪСٻ޸ɽ
Сٻԭڴ̨ݵĿأͻȻɳܽ΢΢üʣôģ
㰡ɳ˵һùǲһ̫Σˡ
ֻΪ𣿡Сٻ΢еʧҡҡͷ˵㻹Լһ߰ɣǺɽүҪ˺ɽүŹġ
Ǹź۵ںһдأ㻹ǸϽ߰ɣǸд򲻹˵ĺɽүɳæ˵
ںһЦɳ̫֪ˣܴʦǿǷ̵棬Ҫн˵ħ´ˣ
ܴʦЩУһħ־ҪɱֻһЩԼͻĲŻᶯ֡
ɳ˵Ͱﱧŵķɽ˴⣬ɽȻڴڣɳȥСٻԥһ£Ҳȥɽ˲ͷʣǸСڷȥ
СԺҿ˿ܴʦϼûлɽϣſջķҲǴһħɳŲô࣬ܽõ棬䷿Լûûεֱ˯ˡ
Ҳɳ̫Զˣֻܵݶɽϵķ򣬴ʱɽϿȻǱǣҲһ˿ɫ⣬ԼܿɽϺܶණȥӦϼķɽɡ
ŹȥСʱҶ˯ŵʱͻȻΧʼҡ͸һϵľҲ˳
ɽǱ߳ģʱϵЩȻڼٵۣճһӡѹɽϴ˸޺֮
ڶ峿ܴʦźϼ߻С
ͬǣܴʦ󣬺ʲô鶼ûһϼãвٵ˿ڡ
õɳ¥³ͣɳϼһǱҲ췢ʲôˡ
ϼ˵ɽܴʦӡ֮УҲ˵ˣֻѡ
һһãſջЩֵĿȻʲôνķӡĶ꣬ϻеȣǻ֪ɽǷӡ涫֮УԲһֱѰҡ
ֵܣǸŮ׼ô㣿ϼ緹Ժѯʵ
ɳ˵ԲϣܴʦܳͶ̥ת
ܴʦЦеĵ˵㣺ȻǷԸ֮ˣĴһʽΪͽ
ɳҲһϿҵĹ£ͷ˵лʦȻ
ҡҡͷ˵סûܶȻ㣬ɳ̫ףգұΪǾ


249 һٻŮĻ

ͷۣԴҡҡͷҿ˿ҾȻʯǰôѹˣ
Ա߿ˣϽʣû°ɣ
ҡҡͷҡҡ˵ͷеۣԾôôء
忴Һûɶ£ʣôˣ˵
ǰɳתӦúСٻһθ鰡ĪĳһϺУɳȥ˺Уǹ½ʱɳСٻĸ黹ûչ͵˺Уͷۡ
üͷŵ˼ӣ˼ԣСٻӦϲɳİһ˶ӦమĲŶԡ
룬˵˵»ûнأ
Դһ԰ɳŶʮ꣬ǵ˺лмʮʱ䰡ҹȥٻŮĻ·˼ˣûʵٻŮĻǲһġ
뵽⣬æֳʯȥ

䣬ᣬǡýǡ
ͻȻҳһܴĴУһȻһǰһмʮɫĵĺڵģǰľȻɳ
ʱɳѾǹͷˣҿӺѾ곤ꡣ
꾭Ժвٵǰѯɳַ𷨣ҶƺΪʦ֡
ʦ
һϺһĴ˽ȻǸܴʦѾˣƣҿλʦǧ
ɳܴʦæСķŻܴʦܴʦ˵ͷʣ޷
ֵǾȻûɶ˿ڣͻȻһСоͿ˵ʦʦֵԭʦּɣʦϢǡ
һЦҡҡͷʱķ̼̳ͻλʵ࣬õе֮ͱ׷ɱʮ꣬Щмϣƿʼ˼ˡ
ԭӦþԭ˼ɣǰڰٶеǿǻܴʦͽܡ
ޱߡܴʦֻ̾˵Ǿ˵ܴʦߣɳͷ˻ܴʦߵ
ҸȥأĲС˵ǾŮһ𣬾Ȼԭʦ֮λʵڿЦ
˵Ǿ
һĵӾȻ׷׵˵ɳĻЩһǱɳģﲻ̫ÿðҴǵҵ֪ˣǾ⼸궼Сٻһ
ͻȻһתҾ͵ڵֻлܴʦɳܴʦ۾Ǿ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ӳ֪ɳҡͷ
ҵļ̳ˡܴʦڵҼ֮ˣһ߳һأڣһܰѷ𷨷󣡡
𷨲跢ɳӦ
ܴʦЦһ£ҡҡͷˣ֪ҰȻЩ궼ϻ£ȴûи쳾
ɳ˵ʦҵΪǱܳˣ
ܴʦ˵ͷСӣʱ޶࡭
ϲʦɳЦܴʦҲЦʣкιϲ
ʦȥźҴкͲܹϲ
ˣ֮ǰҾ֪㲻ͬϻµ֣֪ҪСٻô죿ЩҪѹţЩʦֵͳСٻ㻹Ǹ᲻鰮𣿡ܴʦеǣԼɳô졣
ʦ㰲ĵȥԺһ𷨣ɳ£е˸ˣӻܴʦɳȷʵҿ棬ͻȻҲһое㴭Īı
Сٻ뿪ϻ°ɣǼʦֵһ㲻ȥĳ£˵ҵӣȻﴫҷ𷨰ɡܴʦ˵Ժɳ˵ͷ
ǣʦˡɳվЩĿһۻܴʦܴʦ˵ͷɳȦҲе죬˰˵߰߰ɣ⺢úܣǵãһСġ
ɳ¸ܴʦͷ뿪
ҿ棬ͻȻȦʪ֣ҿʲôأܵĸо
У˰ɳߵһСԺһݣʹСٻ߽ȥһСٻʱȻһЦݣĻ֮ǰĸо
˵ˣҽǾɳСٻҲĪЦСٻıܵɳǰʣҪĶأ
ɳһʣʲô
Сٻ˵ϴβ˵ҪǹӦҵġ
´ΰɡɳˡ
仰Сٻ죬Ĳ


250 
ɳԺʹ˼·һ̲ȻСٻ˵Сٻ߰ɡ
ߣȥСٻֵʣɳСٻߣ˵㲻һֱ뿪ʱ뿪ˡ
ɳСٻ뿪ϻԺ˸һ·򳤰ȥŹ˰£ڵ˳ڼҲɳСٻĿеõ˲Ϣ
ԭڵӡ˺ɽԺɳ͸ϺϻУСٻ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬷Ҫһԭһֱôͬڷصأ
ǻܴʦɳķϲͬ⣬Ȼ˾ϻ¾סҲóӦǻϲԷġ
ڵˡɳ³Ժǰ죬óһɡڵȻ̫ɹȸСٻڵ
ҸҲĵ˼㣬ڵˣæܽȥιȻǳڣ˻Ǻܶ࣬ܶȫڳſڣʲôʾ
ܹȥ׼أǷҾȻ走̫ӵˣⳤǵ˵Ҳܹ֣ͨһǿһ㡣
ʱɳСٻҲ˹СٻʣУдɶ
ɳһᣬüë˵Ǹ¾ȻǰһȫɱڻϷʾگץء
֣ϺаϺôСٻû룬ɳɫһ˵ʦˣҸطס°ɣԭȥͶأû뵽Ȼ顣
ɳĻŽ𾪣˵ôô죬Եģⲻǰ׹𣿰׹ǽǸǰȫ¸ô
·˿СٻֻǸоɳһд죬Ҳû꣬Ÿɡ֡
ɳСٻڳǹ
ǣ㣡Сٻ͸Сһɳ
ˣǡɳ߶һ䣬ǣСٻ־͸һǣʱǾ͸һŴһôóԡ
Сٻû˿ʱͶһŽԼЦĸɳ䣬ɳСٻһСԣСϵʻвٵСϷ
ɳ£ĽĿЩССٻҲһ¡
СٻʱȥͶ̥ˡڵϵɳͻȻͿˣϾǹ˹;Ҳǹ˵ٲͶ̥ͻɢģɡ
ɢͻɢ£ɶ˵ġСٻҡͷֶһǽԼ
ˡɳҲ֪Сٻ˵ôЩһ𣬺죬ǡ
Ͷ̥Ͷ̥ҲͶ̥±Ͷ̥еģĺӣǶѿСٻҡͷ
ɳ̾˿ΪʲôͶ̥أҸɡ
Ͷ̥˾ͳԲˣ˰ɡСٻһɳǰ˻ΣȻ󶪽Լɳϱװ˯
ɳ̾˿ĿһСٻ
һֱ浽ɫҵһҿջһ䷿ס
У㲻ȥץǸְɣСٻԺͻȻɳʡ
Ϊҵ֮Ȼ岻ݴǣȥԺͶ̥ȥɡɳ˵㣬źãСٻüͷ˵жٱһ֪ô׼ȥ
ӷ𡣡ɳ˫ֺʮҪ˵Сٻ㻹װɶء
СٻɳͻȻЦͻȻɫģֵúܡ
У㵽ôˣСٻЩĵʡ
Сٻ±лᣬҼǸԣʵͦϲġ
ɳСٻ˵꣬ͻȻ͵һ̧ͷ컨˵ȥ
˵ɳһȾ˳ȥȥŵʱͳһŷϣСٻȥ
ɳһȻСٻĺɳ˿ûҪͣ˼Ųӿˡ
ֵĿɳô˵أҵǰϸ˵ʵԼе㲻ΪʲôʱҪô
ɳܿܵ˴棬Ҹܳȥ̧ͷϾȻһӴԹϿա
Ӧþǰ׹˰ɣգ湻ģֱܾ£ⲻôܿ죬вٵĵʿĺгʼ̳Ը׹ˡ
ʵ൱ڵıһ۶ôûиأɳȻϵǵʿУҲֹͨ˳ˣҲΪɳŸͷЩӲû


251 Ͷ̥ȥ
ͻȻеɳΪʲôСٻ󻹶һŷֵĵʿУҪСٻ˴ҪնħĻǿ鷳ˡ
ԹҪ˵׹ͣƺͺɽ࣬һεģĺеʿоо׹ʹ
ʦͻȻΪʲôˡɳͻȻݵĿգӦþΪҶԸһɡ
ͻȻɳȻСٻҸŻͷһСٻȻǱ˿ڣɳ˹ɳôܳģȥ
ܣСٻıȻһʿʿʮ꣬һľɳ󺰣ѣסֻŮ
ȥɳ˿ûԥϵȳʿԴȥʿû뵽ɳɣûж㿪һԴɳȸˣѪҺԴ˳
ɳҲҪͶ̥㡣Сٻˮɳ˵ǲҪץ֣ǻϻ¡
ϽͶ̥ȥڿԽԽΣˡɳȣҿ˿ȻвٵĵʿͺзСٻ
߰ȥͶ̥ǸʿҪɳȾͳȥסˡ
ЩʿͺҲ˵ϲĵʿ˵бŮϣϽɱ
ʿĸУüһɳɳȻ𷨸ǿԸЩ˵ʱҲǸͨˣµľͱᵹڵˣһԿҲż֣޲ܳȥŪ⼸һһ١
һʿȥһסСٻĲӣóһŻƷҪСٻĹġ
ҪɳᵹڵϣʿҪɱСٻӶɳˣ
Щ˶һϵļһ˭
ŷСٻͲһʱһƬԹˢһͳ۳һװ׾ĹͷСУͷСиպóСٻߣһץסʿֱۡ
ɱֵǳһһοأװ׾СйȻᣬһɫɮۣԱߵСٻЦһ£ɳʣͦģȽˣҰ㣬û˰Ҿҵ硣
˵ʱɷ֮ǰҫЩʿͺɫɷףתܣһӣɷ߸˲ƶȥû룬ͱ߸׹á
ллĵˣɳվһԥ֮ɫ
ɢ˰ɣŤͷСٻСٻ֮ǰͱǸʿˣʱѾʼѺۣҪڲֻؾͻɢ
һʱ䣡ɳһСٻӣæСٻСٻɫɷףɳĻ
ȥͶ̥ɣ±Ͷ˼ҡɳСٻ˰죬ֻ˵仰
СٻҧɳʣУ˵ϲҵĻǲģ
ǳС㰲Ͷ̥ɣҪЩǷˡɳȦǷ
Կ龰ԴͻȻ˺ܶණҾɳҶЩҲɳΪʲô˵ˡ
£Сٻڵظʮꡣ
ϣ±ӻ㣬ʵɵɵڵӣÿˡСٻ˵Ҳɳɫ䣬˫ްֶҹ٤ҹ
ͻȻһСٻʧȥͶ̥ˡ
ɳЦĿɳʡ
ɳɫӱͦصվ˵Ҫɳӽ쿪ʼҽУǣ

ۡ
۾ԼʯǰˣԴ͸Ҫըһļ俪ʼӿҵԺУɳСļ䡣
ʹԴҡҡͷ˿ȽϺãڻԼļռ塣
ֵɳļ侹Ȼֻ˺ĶստʼʲôǲˣæʯȥʲôӦûˡ
ôˣʲô𣿡һԵһʼͷۣҲûдңһԺѯ
ţһЩҪĶҵ˵ͷ
ԴͦԺģͻȻôļ䣬Ҳ˵ģҶԺģǽЩѶϢ⼸סļ
ʦǱҲûϢʲô֣֪ʲôʱ뿪ظϢԺˣһȥҵ˼һȫˣ


252 Ѱ
ԺļȥԺҲ𽥵İЩЩɳļ䵱һλͺãҾĲȥ룬Ͼ̫Լ˸Ըб仯ὥһЩŤ
⼸춼ס治һĴ󣬹İٶƽһظı˵ģסȫǵظ
ˣ˵ˣ徹ȻǵһŮѣԭ壬ӦýģҪҽ㡣
㿴ʵҲʮ꣬ȻظĹǲϵģ֪Ѿʮˡ
Ǽסʮ죬ûʦϢȥĵĹһȦظտʼʱܻеʣ˾ͻоرٵ
Ĳ˵ظ춼һɵӣɫٵÿ
ڴŹȥºʦһƣĻصʦԺɫʵͦѿģе԰ףɶˣҲտڲ˵ֻ˵Ҫڵظٴһʱ䣬ȻһԼһŻƱԼȥ
ӴһƴСǺģм仹һ֣ǵظͨơ
ҲƵطζˣȻ˻𳵣һұԻȥˡ

Ժ۾ҿ˿ԼķأϻһյɫСơ
оˣҲ֪˶ˣ첲վֻе磬һڣȻߺˣҼǵµظʱǶʮţѵιȥ˾죿
ظʱҲһͻȻһӾվģϻ°
һҲɰͳֻ˸绰ܿͽˡ
ιթʬˣûͷûԵ˵ôһ䡣
թʬˣȥͻȻϼ飬ҪҪأ룬ҡҡͷҪ֪ԼϼתǰôͣԺָԺҪôǰɪء
أ˵顣ҳŵ绰Ǳʡ
ھأҪҪ˵꣬Ҿüʣôˣ
˵Ⱥ֣ǰһȫܵϻ֣ö񶼿ˣŻ˲ˡ
ң
ЩѾʼжˣҰܵ˾ֵ֣ɫܽţҲûдкҴ˸绰һʲôطû뵽ǾȻ¼Сİ칫ҡ
ܽȥ;ֳλһüĳأһҽ˾ͼЦңȥôûйСü
üãȫǹ߹ȥԺ󣬾ֳվ˵»԰ް
µ𣿡ҲһţЩֿɲʲôҪǸ˺ɽǲ鷳ˡ
ҵļһ£ҪǺɽǻɶҸ㣬֪ҪҶˡ
ֳǸҺ顣һǸĳֳ˵ֳ˵ͷ˵УԼҵ黹кܶࡣ
Ⱦֳһȥͳ˵ӣЩֺʲô
ҵͷ֪ɽܴʦӡ˻ܴʦУϻǸЩ־븴ɽ˵ʲôϻѹ
Ⱥ˵ûô¸ɶ鷳ˡһơ
˭֪أҲƣԭΪץˣڻһBOSSⲻҪĽô
ȥǸõɣھֹɽˡ˵ԺҲ룬ʵҲûɶ˵ģ׽ֵڣʱ򸴻𳵾ͻˣ˭ܺɽôҸ㰡и߸Ķš
УȥɣһôһѶءָϵһЩļҵͷһǺཻܶͨļʲôɶģҲ˸к߳˾֡
ϻҲ̫Զ߹ȥҲͶʮӵ飬Լ·˵ʳһ߳ԣһ߳ϻȥ
ҵϻſڵʱϻ¾ȻѾþˣſںüأ⼸ҶʶǰھֻǼģ˸кҾ˽ȥҲвٵͬڸȡ֤ʲôġ
ԶͿ˴۾æĳ㡣
ϳ£æɶأЦЦأҵݹȥ̴к
ȥˣʱúðôæļȥ£ֻȡ֤Ĺ¡Ҳҿӹ̣Ա˿ʯͷ
ҳҲǴкʣϳȡ֤ûпһȣ
ȣͷóһСӶ˵Щ嵥Լ


253 ƭ
ҽӹСӷûȣʱҲ˵ǶѱˣҲûʲôȣɶ
û¡ҡҡͷ֪ȡ֤Ĺ϶ҪѸ׳ģȻûҵôͿ϶ûˣҸ˸кܵһܴ˸绰
ιĸܵͦģҾ˵ӣҡ
ϣ㰡ɶ°ѯʡ
Ҿ˵ôþˣˣϴǸһ߼򡣡
һǸԣȻһ˵˵أȺʱҴӳˣ߼ۣǮţ
⣿һϲ˵۸㿪ֻҪ̫׾ˡ
ǸʮвҪӹ˻һµġڵ绰ͷ˵
գҪǺɽ֪Լʮ˻᲻ᱻѪҾ˵û⣬򸻴һֽǮһֽ
š
˵Ժܾ͹Ҷ˵绰æָ绰ʮ鰡ֻҴˣ绰ͨԺҸû˵˵ʮɽ˵ˣ˵ҵţǮ
ܻ򸻴ûȶãͿɫˣһڴװʮʮĺƱӣͦиоġ
ʮɽô£ֱܹӰǮңҲͰľ˴塣
û뵽󷴶ûиˣһǳ˵ȲţȥܣЩּȻҵϻ£ôԺһз֪ɽ棬̫ȫˡ
֪˵ʵҲûǸɽһҪء
û÷ܾͿŸˣ΢һ㣬ŸԴŸһҿֵʣˣôо㷴Ǹˣ
ҪȺڵĺӰͳһɽկѩѵţȻóȣһߣһ˵ҲǿһҺʶղҲϵң˵Ҫء
ʲôȣҺʹһۣʮ򶪸ܣùȣ˵ӣˣ⽻Ҿˡ˵꿸ǸȾϳˡ
ܴ򿪴ǮˮˣЦ˵æҾˡ
ҵɾûôˣղҲ˵ˣȣڱ˵ﲻǸƹӰˣ֪ĳҹҲֻǻˡ
ŷܸ˵ӣһ̲ס˵ǣʲô͸Ҵ绰ס
ɶܰ˰֣ͱǮסˣĻ˼ҷҲԾڴˣߣ˿ô˵Ǹǵˡ
Ҹת¥ͻȻĳȻˣһܵǰڵ˵ݣǼٵģ
һæȿ˿ղҲûϸһϸȻԾľͷģǸȺʲôĲŶԣҪǣȵ澹ȻһXX졣
走ܾȻƭңͳֻܲ˹ȥ澹Ȼػˡ
һԵģƭҡ
Ȼͳֻһ绰ӣҲһӣղ򸻴棬ýϽ£
ҵ绰ԺϳˣҸæҲȥϵðȫԺҾ˵Ǽһﲻȥȥ˰ɣ
ߣȥôһ£Ҳͦģһţˢһ¾ͳ˳ȥ廹һ绰ķҲϢˣϵڸߴ
Ǽһ⿪ȥˣݣ
һʹϲȣɤ۶ˣĳһ㣬ֲǷ壬ҸϽ£ãȫϵ˵ġ
ӺܿͿ˳ûзܵӰӡ
ǼһӦųϵķȥģȥǸٹ·طúܣҲֻһ·ͦġ
һҲû˵ҪǴѾĿȷ廹ˣȻر죬˵ǰͳְҵ֣Ǹܸܵģ塣
һ·ûгʲôͨ¹ʣܿǾ棬һĳѳͣ棬ҵ䣬һɫӣԺ澹Ȼܶġһ
嶪һľŰɣСĵ㣬ԷܿȺ֡


254 ״ԪɣAVɣ
ҿľȻǲܺҵĽȣϰõľȲˣðɣģ˭뵽ְ֪ҾʹŽŵġ
嵹Ǹоͦɵģó˸̵ţȻȥ
ƿţҲŽȥܿտĸôʲôûС
ӰϸһһǸ˭ԵģҶˣ˵üٻƭң
ﻹǸȣڽһһˣһ˿жʮɣһ۾һɫװ˹˹ĵһˣҲһɫƤ䡣
ܿԺҲһεɫɪɪ˵ôˣ
˵ƭǮֻҺƱǮķݣԵģȸңǰĴ巴Ӧؼңһŭ⣬ŷ
΢΢һ죬һ˵ֻ˵ô֪Ҫʲôȡ
˵ȻװͿҺһûдô˵ˣȸǣǮ㿪ǡ
ǳʮܱߣָǸװ꣬һɻĿǡ
ԵģΪʮ͸ƭңһ˵ӳʮ򣡡
һһʱ¶ԥɫ
ιιôٲ˵Ҳ̫ûڸˡǸ˵ˣһ΢ЦԷ˵òѾʼ˰ɣͻȻתֿɲ̫Ŷ
Ǻſջĸһֱ˷ˣǼһ˵־ǲ
ԭ־˵ġ˾Ȼ˹ֵǸ׾Ž״ԪɣҲ̫ϲǸ֣̫ŴˣһǱȽϲҵӢ֣AVɣǿԽAV
AVɣȥɶְֵֹüͷһ壬˵Ǹ״Ԫɣſջҵģ
ҵʲôҲ̫ˣұȽϲִһĽʲôϰ壬ɶʲôġǸ˹˹ĵģ격ʿ
üͷݣô֣ܣҸ㣬ǰ˿֣Ҫǲ͸Ͻȹ
ܰһָ״Ԫ˵أ˵һǮ˰ңֲɵ
˵ûְ״ԪȻ˵ͷֵĿŷ˵ʺþͲô
ܷҲˣ״ԪҲúϻˣһѶǸȣȻһǮݸ˵Ǯ߰ɣ˵ȻҪģСı˵
գô˵Ƿһ˴ˣ
ϻ࣡ҧԼָֻһ̫ͼаץնУȻһƳǸ״Ԫȥ
״Ԫɲûж㣬ԺЦģȻһɶʱ
谡ܲûǮľܳ˳
״ԪɾȻһֻʬ֣Ҳԣǰ˵ſջʬ֣һϵ·ܿҲںڵѪҺʴøɸɾŧѪĵúܡ
һڵеΣɥʬ
״ԪɱȻҲǿ˵ܲñܰɱɱû˼ˣȻǸ˺ɽүٰ͸ǣ㿴ô
ߣΪܴȣһ˵ӣóڣһˣҽһ١
ҵ˵ͷһĵҪǣҿҲһϣء
Сס˳ڣֱӾͳȥһų״Ԫȥ״ԪҲ㣬ؿڣ˺ü
״ԪЩ޹Ŀ˵Ȼѣһ٣ȻҰȴ߰ɣõģҪûȥֵðġ
ݣҾͲ㲻֣һˣһ˧Ļһ״Ԫɵؿڣ״Ԫվô岻֪ΪʲôҲ÷ȭ
һӣ嶼Ǻˣ״ԪɾץסǸȲ֣
ҲˣģԵģˣݣɶⰡô򡣡
ǸɶʵҲ۵ġ״ԪʣôҾŶ㻹ڵء
գ״Ԫôһִĸоأ治֪ôôֵĺſջҵġ


255 ˼ˣ
״Ԫ֣£ôܰȸҡһƨڵϣͳһ̳˳ֵ˹ȥһ״Ԫɽӹ̺ٺһЦ˵һǺٳġ˵ԼϣԼȼ
Ǹ˺ɽүҾͰȸͻ˰ɣ״ԪɳһԺʡ
˼˵û忴״Ԫһۣ״Ԫɵ˵ͷȵֻֽ˽˵Ҫȥġ
ɫӵĿ״ԪһۣȻ˵ͷ˵аɣ߰ɣ⵵Ҳùˣݣ׾Żɡ
л״ԪһЦĸ⾹Ȼܼٶֱܿ˹һװ۵ģһ˿ң״Ԫɹ˵л̨ᰮŶԣӦǣлˣǡ
ɹɣġü˰֣Ǹ״ԪɹŸƨɣƨƨߵľܳ˳ҿıӰҲ֪ȥ᲻˵ɱ¶ץ
ҸɻǴһΪʲôͷߡ
վһۣ֪ʲô˵Ϊʲôһ߶԰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ۾˵һһȻ֣ʵ˼ڶʦͦϲһģûɶӡڵһɲȻӦܴһҪܣסģһ٣Ŀ˵Ͳˡ
ⲻôҸ˵ҵԴһ走㣬˼¿ʬҵˣ߰ɣȻõȣܸܲɽүɻһ£ΪõȾܸɽôô򵥡
˵;ֱȥҲæȥﵹͣģҲûеɶҪҲǴʦǵ£Ҍ£ҲǸŴ½ͺʹֵġ
忪ųһ򸻴ãȻͽĿˣȱߣҲϵô
أҡҡͷͳֱֻӷ˺˼ĵ绰ԥһ£ҪҪ˼绰أ
ҴӻԺһֱڿ飬Ȼ˼绰죬ֲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
Դһסһ⳵ϳԺʦ˵֣
æһСʱԺĻƱȻ绰治֪˵ʲôǲֱȥˣһ룬Ҷþûˣ͵͵ȥ漸졣
һңҾ͵죬˻ŷĻҲĪеСдô˵أϾҵļ磬һ뿪ôһʱ䣬ʱеСġ
һ⳵ֱѧǡ
ڳҲʦ˲٣ȻɶĴ컰һģʵкܴġ
ȵѧǵʱѾˣʦֱӰ͵˾УſڣУѧģһʱ䣬Ȼǳڼˡ
ϤУţ˵ļϾججĹ꣬ͻȻҾͿϤӰȻСֺ̩һ԰ףһ̫լ󣬴ʱݵء
գС֣̩ҴСֺ̩˾ȵĿңܹ̩Եģ㻹֪һΪ㶼ء
ܰⲻǻô˺˼ģҺʹӵ־òͦġ
Сְһۣݣ˵أһڱ¶˰ɣģ˼㿴úúõأһҺ̩ͻȥһٵġ
˰ɣƺ˼ԼͳˡЦҪ˵ǰһᵣĺ˼ˣ˿ĵġ
УҸҵˣС˵žֻһץס˵ѹڻǵȥʮõ廨ȥС֣ȥǣҪŵ֣һͿˡ
˵ͳٿݸĻҿӹǮС־˵Ѿȥ˻զأôǮգ˵ҲͰǰɣҲ߯ˡ
ҿҲĪĺܺãһ˵£ӻҪôһŰǣŮؼң
ȣҶ⸽Ѿ̫ϤˣϾ뿪˼£ѧΧĸ̻õĺڡ
һЧʵʮӾʹ˰ǻˣʮŶõ廨ǽһడõ廨ѰǴЦ⣬ڽֱ˿龵ӿ˿ҲףһЦݣֱӳŮȥ˼ӣˣ


256 ޹ܰ
ҽѧУûãһõ廨ȥģܶͬѧ͸ſ֣еҲûʶģܿܵŮᡣ
УŮ٣ҲֻһһſھԥģôȥܲӲɣŮῴŵİ̾˵ǰҲ֪̾˲ﵱ޹̡ܰ
ǰѧУ;ŮЩͬѧϢҴ룬һһܴء
պʱһӰȻ˳ǽϲƣѾͷһɫȹŸأһҾŴͣȵʣ»ԣ㲻ǳȥʵϰôôܻˡ
һ˻ʻ¶Ц˵Ҽҷأû
ϲһᵽ˼һʻһȻģƲһ˵ҲȥҪҪҰ
𰡣ҾҪϲǰ֪˲ûô˵ָָ޹̵ܰķ˵㣬ҽȥ취ס޹̣ܰ취͵͵ȥ
OKϲƺܽĵ˵ͷ̩ҵļ˵ǣͣͲȥˡ
ΪﲻȥЩ֣һǰŸԶŮңлᾹȻȥ
С־һ֣ص˵˽ȥױ¶Ŀꡣ˶٣ѵСĵǡ
ͽŮôõôʱҲû룬ϲƸʹ˸ɫȻЦе߽޹̵ܰķ䣬˳ְŸˣһˣȾͳ¥ϳȥ
һͳ嵽˶¥˿Һ˼أͻȻסˣ֪˼ﰡ走ҴûעЩ֪һ½ϲƵġ
վڶ¥ΪҲһЩŮľʹĻڿʲôߣҶǼ
ģǰѲ˵ɫǵˣҲû취ƤܵһţÿԺŮĶ֪ЩŮɶأҲҪôٰ
һһ΢öһЩŮĴŸҪңҾõ廨˻θϽ˵㣬Ҳɫǣ󰮵ģ˼ĸҵأ
һŮģֻҪ㣬ĵ̷˲һ룬Ҳ֪ʲôʱϿģõģŮĿһʻ˵401
˵͹صţһʻͳ¥ȥȻʱŮļдɫʲôģҲе̩СΪﲻҽˣһˬˣҲЩķŭˣѵķŭ
ܵ401ʱ401ǹŵأվſţõ廨󣬵һᣬϲȵȻ˷ţһ򿪣һľȣ˿ϲȵǻͦģûú١
Щ޹ؽҪǿҲͿˣϲȵǹϵͬҪǲСĿɶͿˡ
ҼϲȵһȣæųһָһĶȻ¶ֵһõ廨ϲȵһȻı飬ָָ档
˽ȥҺŮһûȣǳʲôҶŮҸɸɾúܣһɵζҪң˵ɣֻгӵζżѼζ
ȥһ㾹Ȼſڣֻ֪ɶأûлͷֱʣϲȵ˭Ű
û˭ϲȵϽӦһȻʶȤתҡ
ףأ˵תͷ˹պþͿң㿴ǰòҲûݺͱ֣һҾ΢΢üʣСôˣŮᰡ
ǸɶͻȻоȵģҸоˣõ廨ó־͸ܿһоӾЩûüͦȻİôһ͹ֱŤء
Ǹ߸˧͌˿Ĳɣҡҡǰõ廨˳ȥҲÿ˺˼ɶ飬ͷҿ˵ɶ͵㻨
ͻҸʲô˼һû̧ͷִӶͳһǣ˹ȥ˵ʵΣҪġ
ǣǣһ¡
šҵ˵ͷڻ̧ͷʱһŵģ̽ʣ㶼ˣ
ţǰȥһʯɶˡҼЩͻȻһִԺӿüͷܲˬǰϾǰǲҾңǰɳⱲǳ»ԣҲΪɳСٻźͷ


257 عⷵգ
ҿһԥģǰһѱסһ£ûзҲ˵㣬ģֻ㣬һǶμ䣬ҸһΪʲôǰź
ҳ»ԣԺҪԼķʽ׷㣬ҾС˵Ҳɿ˷㣬һĿһ۵ãҪ׷ҾԼóʵж׷ҵѧУûһ٣ʮܴģԼʲô°ɡ
˵תӣԼֻˣҷǺʻҲһļͷŷ˵㣬ġ
һ˵ɶʱͻȻһӾͱˣһʮ裬ҲǴһһһְѹڵϡ
գֻ㲻ҸоֱһŤҪˣ˶ӣŮᣬˣĸģ
ҵڵϱסˣϥǶסҵıģѣҸͿ˿ڰǷãƿȥˣ˵裬ѧУѧǸ졣
ţ졣ǸһһϵС˲٣ҲӲͷӲͷĴʣæѻ˵˼ͬѧ˽һЩӵģڷ񡣡
˽ⰸӻҪ𣿡ǸǾ컹ʲôϽҹȥ
һܸɶ˳ȥһŮţ澹Ȼʮţҳ˻һ¶ֵģԶͿ˲Զ̵Сֺ̩˿ҳ˸Ͻ¼һ¡
̩˵԰ǣû޹ܰ᣿
סղ̩ұʱоľۣ߯ˣҧ¶һʤߵ΢Цôǰܶ˰һЦ˵ŮҸ߾ߣΪҵ֣޹ܰһëôӹЦŶ
԰˵޹ܰǰǾӲھʲôģȥûþȻѵôˣܰȫ̩߳Цеؿڴһ£۵̩˱ڶˣʹ˵ˣϽ߰ɣˣûɶ˼
̩Сߵһû˵ĲƺһƨȥʱǸоۡ
ɶʱȥ̩СҲұ£ͳ̣ҲѧУĽֲѧ룬˵һʱɣǱҲ̫࣬æˣҲûȥء
Ǳʲôſջɶɽģֲɵӣû»ȥɶԼҵķãȳɶǱ߰æòٻȥСá
뵽⣬ҶоǴǲƺ˼̣ϵʹòԺԭ˵ȥ̩СֳԷأͻȻ뵽һˣǾ͸˵룬飬ˡ
ҲǰңֻһҪ档
ܵС棬ҵȻȥ绢ĺܺãȥôҲһֱûϵ
ܵСſڣţԭһϲأ˰춼ûţҲԼƿ˽ȥ浽ģûпƣŴһյƣ΢һ㣬ûʲô仯ҿ£ݵҲţҾ˽ȥ
壬𣿡߽˿Ҳûˣ˵žͳȥƿţȻñӹ˯ء
壬һˣϽҴȥȾȥܵԱߣƻ壬徹ȻûӦң԰ĸ˯˯̫ĶȻѡ
ҵͷһ徹Ȼ۾ɫ԰ףűӻɪɪһͷգˣˣ
Բۣϼһ﷢ô֪ȥҽԺĴȻһŻ壬Ȼڱˣŷ֣Ȼ忴֣ʵᣬұȻоͦɣоһ˿
Ҳ˵ŻܣͻȻҸоһ㲻Ծһͷһ壬ûĶͷȻһɺ۾ȥ
СӣȻ㡣ͻȻ徹Ȼ۾Ц
ãΣˣǺۣǻعⷵգϽҽԺĻˣԵģ˵һģȥҺ˼ƨ޵İ
Сӱ˵ϾܵҽԺģҴϼһȻֿڣǰа̵ģûֻһݣҪǻˣһӶھΡ


258 Ǯ
ܵ·⳵ԣƽʱоǿճһһĶˣҿĻ壬ҧֱӳ嵽·м䣬Ȼһ⳵г˿͵ģϴ𣺡죡ҪĳǼ
ǣӰ˰ɣʦڸʻһëƲһۣһһǺҲȫǼӸˣһųӾȥ
ڳ棬ռС㲻ҷ»壬һץסӣסӳȥȻһŸ·ߣǼСҲܳˣһĸˣҾʹ
ܳҲɶָ֣ղҲռǼһڳ棬ȺһҲͦڣҼ¾ͱǸˣڵϣͻȻʹȣǼС춼ҽһ̩Сء
мҲʶǾУģ⼸һҲ֪ʲôطðģ⼸С찴Ŵ̩û֣ߵұʣû°ɣ
û¡ʹ⼸Сģ֮ǰ޹̴ܰ⼸СˣҲùȺ˵վһѱ˻壬̩˵Ͻ첻ˣ
̩һĻ壬ɫҲǱ£С˵ӣ⼸һúŪһ٣ȻŪȥ˵Ϯ
Ȼܵ·ܿһ⳵ǳϵ˹˹ĵˣҳʾһ¾֤ԺҲ˳³ˡ
ҵı֤˾ʦҲǰѳӿ÷ɿ죬ҽԺʱٿ飬ҲûҪʦңǷƾ͵òǮұŻ壬̩ǰ濪·ֱӰǰ浲ŵײҽԺ
ȻһҽһȺŰ״ӵһƳѻƽңüͷܿһʮҽ͹ʣ˭ǲ˼ϽȥǮ
üͷһǮпҲ࣬Ҿͳ֤ʣҽǾ죬ȾˣȻҰǮв
ԭΪ϶ûģû뵽ҽȴɫѿ쿴ͲҪǮ㵱ҽԺƵİ
Ǯüëʡ
Ǹһ﷢նɵˣôҲҪʮ߰İɣȽţ˵ܾܲȻһ£ˣⲡΣ֪ͨ飬ǩְɣҽԺɲ𡣡ǸҽͳһͬһĶ
Цҽ˵ģҪҪġҽӹǸͬҲǩˣҲڲµʱԽԽΣգͳ֤ҽ˵ҵľ֤һСʱҰǮʮҲСĿȸҾţҽԺܲҲɣ
һС죬װɶװҽһۿһ£ҵ֤˵һСʱҪǴǮô졣
ȡ̩һһֱţ̲סȭҪһæס̩ʮҽ˵סΪһҽҪҽ£˵ǽǮԺġ
˵Ҳú˵ϻҪһѶӣǰҪǳǮʮ߰ɲСĿҵĴҺԾ˵õһ
Ҳ̫ǮŻ򣬻ڿǻʮ򰡣̩ҲǿһĳݣǮͳһп˵ǧмҵˣСӱҿҪǸƳϾͰǮջ°ÿͷˣٺ١
ҸмĿһ̩ǣɶҲ˵ˣҲǮԺ㣬ˣæͳ绰˹ȥԺҾʣ磬㿨ﻹжǮȫҴмá
ӣô˰Ǳֵʣμ˱ץ˻զأ
ˣûྣм£ȹˡҹҶϵ绰Ժָ˹ȥ컨ƵأָжǮģָȽϿס
Բĵ绰ѹػ
գֻ尡壬ôҪǮĽҪͷ㾹Ȼػˣз塣
Բĵ绰ڷ
ܳһһһػһڷҶͷĺˮðˣЩĵҽԺҪ治Ǯ˵˴ҽԺġ
ʦҲڵظҲ̫˰ɣˣʦĸͻȻһͳ绰ܿͷʦĸĵ绰æȥҲڰǧҪڷǧػӸӱǷѾС
۴Үմ籣ӣ绰ͨˡ


259 ʬʦĸ
ιӣôҴ绰ˣʦĸ绰ڶʵҲ²£ǲȱǮˣ
ԶԶԣʦĸһҽԺˣʮǮȻҽԺΡȻұǮе㲻嶼ͷǻܹ˼Щ
廹Ƿ尡ǰʱ䲻ͦõ𣿡ʦĸֵѯҡͷ˵㲻ʶһ绢壬ظð͹ˣڼأʦĸͷԣ𣿡
Һ滹û˵꣬ͻȻǱߴһֻˤֵʣιιʦĸ𣿡
㿨Ŷ٣ҽԺ죡ʦĸܽͻȻǰʦ˵ʦʦĸʲôϵҾȻˡ
ԵģҽԺ˵ʦĸǱ߾͹Ҷ˵绰Ҳæпŷ˹ȥûãһĶžͷȻһӶʮҵСĸζͨһ¡
˳Ҳ̩п˻ȥ̩ԭҲһݵԱߣҰпݻȥֵʣզˣ
㲻ÿͷˡ˵ŰŸ̩һ£һȵ˵Сȥʮ򰡣ȥ
ˣȥǮɡҺ̩ת߽ҽԺײ֮ǰǸʮҽǸҽۿһ˵𣿡
ߡͳп˵Ҵ·
ǸҽüͷҵǮĵطһʣȥԭֻҪ򣬲Ҫʮ
ҳǸҽʣĸӸղ˵Ҫʮ߰أ
ҽĺѣ˵ӪѲҪǮSBҽ˵Ҳҵ֤˻ֵĿһѲϱϱ˻ôأôҡ
ˣSB˵ˡ̩˵廹ûΣڣȥŰɡ
ҵ˵ͷ̩ܵȺ
ŲϽҽһһģҲϰµģܿСҲ˹Һ̩˺зûɶԡ
ҴʱӶǻϼһҵһμҵľĲҪǻĻô죿
СûþȻ˼ҲˣԺȻҲ˵Աߣץҵ֡
Сʱҵ绰һʦĸĵ绰æ绰绰˵ſң
æܵҽԺſڣԶͿʦĸʦĸƽʱľģȻϲŹʦǰû¶ı飬ɽȻһɷһҲüͷɷ
û˵ʲôʦĸ˼ҵſʦĸҶȻ˫ۣ˼кҲĵġ
ֹһСʱ߳һҽʦĸˢһ¾վǸҽʵ
ԲǾˡǸҽ̾Ϣһ£ͻȻʦĸȻӿֳɷһ˼ҲǱŵˣ̩СֵȻǿġ
ʦĸʦĸӲͷƤ߹ȥʦĸļͻȻʦĸͷأ
վ࿴ʦĸͫ׾ȻѪɫŴʦĸʦĸȻǽʬ
壬ˣʦĸ˲˭ģһҪѪծѪ
Χ¶һӾͽһҲ̲ס̫ˣʦĸϸһ޷ƥеѹȣָоûйΨһܽӽҲֻ׹Ҹоǰ׹ǹɷҲûڵʦĸֲ
˭˵ˣǰǸҽǺܵһҲʦĸģֵʣȹ˰ˣЩʲôCOS
ҽһ˵꣬ͻȻʦĸϵǹ˲䲻ˣʦĸ˲ῴҽʣû
ԣҽ磬ֱ˵ȹ˲͵ô˵ƨ˰ղǸоʦĸᱩɱˣǸղžΪһĻڹŹһ⣬ȻʦĸôǽʬôǿҲʱ
ԣȹˣ̫ջӣû㲻ˣҪֲˡҽ˵ͷ
ȣôŪֲ˵ģҵ͸ɽһһһ½ֲˣⲻǱ˻ʹ
аٷ֮ʮļʻãǲõĵġҽЦЦҵļ˿ٷ֮ʮļʣܸˣҰοԼֱܱӱֲ˺ðɡ
ҽҪ˵æסʣǲǻϢ
ҽҡҡͷŸɿͣһ̫ˣҼҡͷɿҽ˵ʲôϢҾ˵£ѹԺֻ굽ֲ̣˵ѾǺܺõϢ˰ɣ
ĸȥһ˹ȥҲܲ˵ˡ


260 
еĻҪ⣬ԭһΪһû뵽ӾȻջˣпֲܱˡ
ͽҽԺ֢棬ҵʱǵİܳǰҽԺôûô鷳°ϸһ룬ҲԣƽʱҽҽԺֱӾιȥˣǱ˸Ұĸ
ʦĸڲȺ򣬺˼һֱʦĸ˵ʦĸųģڻ廹ܼҲֻȺţ̩СҲҲǲȥˣûʦĸʱô¡
æһ磬ڴʱ򣬲Ÿоеͳֻ˹ȥʣ㣬ʦĸȥԷɣٵҲûö԰ɣҽԺſڵǡ
ܵҽԺſڵһСᣬ˼һС˹ʣףʦĸأ
鲻ǺܺãԼȥ԰ɡ˼ɫҲ̫ÿֵʣʦĸ
ûô߰ɣȻ߳Աİɡ˼ĵҵߣҲһССô˻ûͼŮǣˣǣҲ׶԰涪־ǣΡ
ҽԺп͵꣬Ҹ˼˽ȥ͵꿴оͦɾģҺͺ˼˼ˣһûɶ˵ĵط
Ҿ˼ѯʣ㣬ɶʦĸôǽʬأ֪
ʵڸоǺܱŤģϾʦĸһһʱ䣬û뵽Ȼһֻʬ˵жӽʬһ˶еϾͻȻһʶܾõ˲࣬ҲоŤ
˽ңЦ˵Ҳ֪ԷģԲɻ¾ˡ
ҿ϶ŵġҵ˵ͷʣˣʦĸͻʲôϵʦĸʱӶ챩ˡ
˵ˡ˼ĸ˵
ԭʦĸǻǰа̵ٽʦĸĸа̵ĽǸа̵ĻʦĸС͸ײûжʱһ𣬷ǻ棬ʱһãʦĸԻĸ͸Լһˡ
֪ʲôԭ˶ֿ߰ˣһֱû棬ǴѶ˶ΪˣֱʶԺʦĸ֪š
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʧҲ˵ԼԹͨ˵
ҲǸ˵˸ţӦҲʮɣԺ˵ͷ㽲ЩϻԼҵĶʵܲ³ܶˡ
̾˿ǳ֪ԺôԹԺѾǿˣһ׼Ҫأ׼ʦĸȥұ
ͻȻҲˣʦĸǽʬóԷ
ͷǣҽԺߣʱѾǻƻˣǻĲ飬ͷǣ䣬ֱһܡ
ص岡棬ʦĸڲſڵϣ㶣߹ȥЦһ£οʦĸ˵ʦĸûµģ϶ģµġ
ʦĸɫЩţ˵ͷǿŲһֱϾŵ㣬һֱҽԺɣҾʦĸסģӺ˼ҪѧУʦĸ˯ķ䡣
ʦĸȴҡҡͷ˵飬鷳ˡ˵Ժʦĸһ뿪ˡ
Ҽʦĸ뿪ԺҲǣŷѧУ¥Ժһ߳ѧУĿĵǼ¥Ŀĵɢ
ȵʮŻؼ˯
ڶ˵ҵֻͳ绰һȻһţһӵ绰绰ͷһŮ˵
ιãǳ»ҽԺĻʿǸ绢ѾѹˣڳҪء绰Ǳһ˵꣬һϲæ˵úúã
Ȼǻ壬ôˣæ˼·ʹӳţҽԺȥҵҽԺʱѾǰ˵ˣܵĲ⣬û߹ȥͿһӰ
ʦĸʦĸüͷվڷأܹȥЦʦĸѹ˶Բԣ
šʦĸȥߣԼеӣѵʲô⣿
ֵƿһʱĻڲأһɵЦһҽһʲô¼
壬ڸɶգ裬档ҿӴóһҪԼͷϸǣæȥץס˻֡
壬۸ң徹ȻһӾɿ֣ȻڴϹȥ
⡣ĿڴϵĻ壬һʮĴ˻ȣɳܲɳܰ
ҽôУһץԱߵһҽѯҽһ˵ڵʮ굽ʮҡ


261 ȥ
ƨôأǲǸɵһôҲүģʲôҽԺ͹һϻͯ
ǸģɵϵͳײˣλлָļʵģȻʱȽϵܻͣлġҽͦСģŭڵҰɡ
ʵȽǵˣҪǲǵĻҶˡ
ӣˣˡͻȻʦĸתһʦĸǸҽ˵ҽܲܳȥһ£
õĺõġҽҲæȥˣϾͷΪ͵ҽԺȻ󱩴ҽŻġ
ҽȥԺʦĸߵߣһʦĸ߹ȥ͸˴Сһ֣ͷ˵һ
ӣʦĸһº𣿡ͻȻʦĸתͷңʶĵ˵ͷʦĸ˵ʱȱسɶˣչһ壬Ҫȥ¡
šҵ˵ͷʦĸҰæҲ϶кġ
鷳ˡʦĸҵ֣Ȼת߳˲ԭʦĸҪȥģûڣʦĸҪҵĻղֱӾͻҰɣˣǱôˡ
뵽ҡҡͷ̾Ż塣
ҽ͸һ绰ҶʱǲȥģҲΪʲôֻŶһ˵ھٵġ
ҶǴҽԺȹģԭ˵һǵ͵ˣ˵ɶȥʵڲлڵϴ֪ǲСʱ򾭳
ʱͺˣҲ˼Ҫô죿ܲһֱҽԺŰɣҲ˵Һ塣
ҲͷΣԭļƻǵȻԺʹ棬һֱһҽԺҽЩһﾹȻ˵ʲôһֱڷ䲻̫ãڼĸоڻָ
ҪȻĻһ˵߾ߵУӰ˵ʲôƨһ֣ñڼţȥߣ棬һҲеƶһ˵߾ߵС
оѣʮ򣬿ȿȣǻҽƷʣµģʵҲûôԶţŶȥ棬ôŻȥ棬ҲˣȥǵطãȾҲӾ˵ҲƯ
ĻվǣŻ֣ʵʮ꣬Ѿܲˣֳʶ֪ģԴŻ·˿ûɶӰ졣
˵û´嵽ܸɶ˼ʵ̫ͬŻȥƻҪǻĲûã˼Щ
ɶ˵ȥͺأԲ塣ҳԱߵĻ˵忴ģʹĵͷ
ðɣһ·˳磬ɶ¸Ͻ绰ҡ˼е㵣ĵĶ
ϣͷİɡŻ˻𳵣ǰ
ҿ治Ǻ㰡Ҽƻ˺ü죬ܽ¼ŵ㣬һǸҽ˵Ŀ߻ĻظٶȣڶǿԿ羰棬ϣúϰԼĵһ
ҵļƻ޷죬һûþ˵һ⡣
壬ͷΣҪ³徹ȻڻϿ޺ԱЩ˿ͿҵһĹ죬Ͼһʮļһ壬е㲻̫
壬ˣϽȥ¡ҿصĲʱʼҽԺʱŻʿСæǰæûɶоһԼͷ۶ʱ޴
壬Ρ˵ֿʼ¡
塣ͷĺߣǾڵĻһҰѻΧֵ˵ǽ˧˼˰ɣ
Ŷԭ㲻壬Ժ󲻽ˡʱһʹͷҴգҲֱ̫ˣЦãȻ˵Խ˧ԣ֪ô
ˣ˻Զ԰ɣ֣֡صĵ˵ͷ
ҪǿŻģ֪ȷǲŴҽԺģҶǲǹˡ
һ·ϻϲҪ˻ԣԷҪ˻ԣ˯ҲҪҴ򱨸˻ԣͷС治ס
Ȼһ·ϻһֱûͣҵҲǴˣȻ˵ȴогʻأҲǱ򿪴һ紵Ǹо
Ż𳵵ĵҲԽԽžĵеĻվͣյվڵˣҡԱ߻˯Ļ壬˵壬ߣˣҴȥ棡


262 ״
ʵǰûأڴ˵еҲֻǴӿαϿģԭһΪǵ֮أˣл޺ˣôôء
ִĳУǣŻ߳վ浽ס޵ĸִ裬ֵúܣҸ߳վĴžΧһҪҪס֮ġ
æ˵ãŻҲǣߵվҲ֪ȥģȻصֺʲôأ
ȥɣһ·ڻվԱߵվŻһųת
廹ֻʮ꣬ɵǺܵԱ߲ϵɶɶҲĵĽͣ˼ʮӣڲ㳡ͣǣŻһ³Ų
ȥΰָоƬпȫһŻߵ㳡ϣ㳡мżѲߡ
壬طƯŤͷʣ忴ܲͷҺٺһЦͻȻԱ߾һߵԱ˵ǵһɣ
תͷ˵ˣʮ꣬ͦģһɫɮۣͷǰװ׾ģһСܵļӸУӦþǲ˰ɡ
ǣɶĵططҲûɶģܵشͳζŨĵط¡ͳһ̾׼ݹȥа˰˵ﲻ̵ܳġ
С˵Ҫ̣쳯ﲻǵһѽֹ̣мģҸҪϣͿԶļ翴ңھһæ˻
пһЦ˵˰ɣԷûҽȥԵիɡ
СҲûɶģΪɳļĹϵɣҶЩûɶҲǺаɣࡣ
Ск飬һ·ϺڨҺ˼£֪ǽв״˵ⲼһͨСУһûɶ˵·Ĳ
浽źɫ·״ҾߵһʳһĵطԺҪһЩիҲһЩϡͷ
Ȼϡͷر㣬ϸΪطϡͷôóأ˰죬ףطͷϡֲǮǮĶǺõġ
λǣ֪ʲôأ״￴ҵ΢Цʡ
ǳ»ԣ壬ǰʱ䷢գԴջˣ⡣ָһڴϡĻ
Ǹ԰ɣ֪Ϊʲôղ𣿡״￴ʡ
ҡҡͷ֪˵Ҳȷе֣Ҵڨɶ
״һЦ˵ҲĨˣʵԭܼ򵥣֪ûгҵĴ㣿
ңУɫһ䣬ҡͷ˵ϱûȡأҸɶ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôɻʣѲ˵ɶԸߣ
ԡ״۾һһȤ˵֪ŲţܿϵķԣϵķҼǰδеҫۣһЩתǰҲɽһǵĴڣô˵᲻̫ŵ㣿
һЦȻǰǸܲǿɳԸ߲ŷҪΪͽôû뵽ھȻһпҷԸߣȥԸëðֲܵԣ˵ˣҪűĻҲǵ̵İ
ôŵأţʱ콵⣬Ķ˵ʴתҳڵһûȤװBûȤ
Ȼ㲻žˡ״ϾȻ¶һϧı飬ЦЦĿԱߵĻ˵ҵа취֪ûȤأ
ģüͷŲ״ʣ㵽ʲôĿģֱ˵˰ɣһͨСôܻ֪ôࣿ
ҾһͨСֻ֪Ķһ㡣״Ц˵ɣҰһ飬ܰɣôҾͰȺ
ΣղΣԴ̸ѯʵҪ֪Ǹҽ˵кܴļʻָģֲǾ֢ǺΣյôҲɡ
״ﷴʣ㱾ºܴѶȴҪ𣿡
һģҲˣȻû˵Ų״״ʼˣʵһطֹȥչ
ǲĺô࣬ץңֵʡ
ԣ㡣״˵ͷʣôҰ飬Ҿ;Աߵˡ


263 ֥
Уɶ룬ǴӦˣ֮ǰĿҲѵԼץеطֹǶԼĻôǺ͵Ĺתܾˡ
״ĵ˵ͷ˵֥֥أôҵֻԼˣģͰչˡ
ͻȻʲôŲ״ʣ㵽˭
ֲǱ״һʼ֪ҵģеʲôνġ״һЦ˵Ӧͦ죬İɣẦģץֻԺҾ͸˭
ҵ˵ͷԱߵĻ˵壬úôţ⼸ͷԺסܡ
һĵͷģ״ҲһһʱĹҰ滹һͼɫģ״˵ҪõֽīһװĹӣֻװˡ
Сұűת߳˲״ˣһʦģһҪҽ壬һӦþʦҪңŪʲôץ
ܲµ㲻ȥץǸʲô״Ҳ־Ȼģˣˣû¾ͺãұſͳֻʦ˹ȥ
Сӣɶ°ʦڶЦȻʦӵظˣæЦʣǸв״ĺȻİɣ
СӰԣǼһ˵ˣģɶ̸Ҳ̫ôˣǺ˵ɶˣʦڵ绰ͷʡ
û¡ҡҡͷ˵ʦԼСĵ㡣
ˣһСѣͦ鷳ˣſջȺ˵£ͻȥҲãһʱ䣬õߵٻɣˣˣæءʦǱҲͦģ˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ʦ֤ʵԺˣߵ㳡һ򿪲״ҵıʲô
ֽīҲǻֽëʣī˵ľҲֻ⼸ץһֻӦǹˡ
˸ʿվһŸ֥ĳƱǰ֥
֥֥ûôˣСʱڵ֥֥ǱȽϷĿصȻм¥࣬͸СһӵıԵкܶɵķݡ
³ԺһµĿ֥߳վܶкܶഩŲΣҿʱ䣬ˣѾĵˣڽϹ£֥治󣬹ͷҲ߰ɡ
ֹӦòѲŶԣҵһ꣬˽ȥȫǸִҪԼһЩˣ˲̫࣬Ҳ󣬺ݲ࣬ϰ忴ʮ꣬ͦŸӡ
ϰ壬̡ҳԹԺų̣ϰҲԶæһȥϰӹЦ£˵һڲ̫ͨʣСӣ֥氡
԰ҵͷʣ֥ط̫Ưˡ
ϰ˵ͷûнӻ⻰Ҳٰɣҽʣϰ壬Ҹʱ˵طֹ˵ûУ
ûУûУ֪ϰɫһ䣬ͦѿģԾ֪飬æ˵鰡ϰ壬Ҳͺ棬˵˵ɣҲͼ档
ʵҲû£ǰһСӣû˵ôֻ򳤵Ů˵ˡϰ˵
ԭǰһˣеĽиϣŮĽᣬҪ˵ŮҶͨ˼ңĸ֥صسϵĸҲһ˼ң˴Сһ𳤴󣬰㺣˫Ҳŵԡ
Ҳ£Щ˵ϲܶǿģɾ̸ۼ޵ʱͻȻзҵĸ׾Ȼ޹ȥʧȥһǧɣƲ
ҲǼʵһˣȻԭ˵úúõģһзͻʣͲͬ˵ˡ
ʵҲԣ˭ҲԼŮ޸һ⵰ܿ࣬Ȼڽʲôν˻ǸĸģɲǺȻ԰רһТ˳ײͬ⣬ҲͲҺ͸ϼ档
ΪбʣĸҲΪ׵ԭɱȥǣңһڴգüҡ
ȻûþʹϿ˸ϵĹ꣬ǸҲƸҹ
ϰ˵꣬Ҳüͷ走Ҳ̫˰ɣҶǸиϵĸǵͦͬģ˭ͻȻӸ߸˧һӱɌ˿أǸ򳤹Ҳɶ⡣


264 
ͻȻҲеΪʲôǸ״ЩΪʲôԳʰֻҵĲ룬ϳٳٲͶ̥ҲҪʲôġ
ǰ˵֮Ҫ˼мǿִĶΪǰдޣΪ׼ĶΪ˼䣬
ҲֶֻһЩƹǰµִǶǰһǳ˶Ǹİ⣬ŻΪ˹꣬Ҫһֻػᡣ
ȻҲ飬Խ˹İ飬ǺܸжҲǲ״ﲻԳֵԭɡ
λɱΪǰ˼ִףΪ룬Ҫɶǰһֱ˼䣬NO
ȻλҾ룬йʮˣһ춼ҪҶ٣ͳƣƽ2.5ˣһ¾75ǰ˭ÿ˶ٻŲʣʮжٱɶһǺֲܿġ
ļʸٵÿһλͿ֪ж಻˰ɣ
һֻ֪ܲܰһ¡ü߳˱꣬ڴĿĵΪǰСٻԭҶ˹УҰҺ޵ˣǲ֪ǸСôˣϾ˶ֵܹܽġ
ȥǸСɣ뵽⣬ҲΧ˴򳤼
򳤼֥صıҿһСѾǳ˽һƬСм䣬羰ܲҹ΢ЦߵСſš
ûһᣬһʮĹ˴˴˷ţһɻĿңʣǸɶģλͨҲ׼Ǹϰࡣ
ã򳤼Ұɣò˵˵򳤼ֹæġ
Сܶʲôе㲻ŵĿңҺٺһЦûлشΪЩͨ˶̫ϲ˵Ҹһ˵һӡ͸оҲס
Ȼ˿·һĪЦݣʱ֣˵Ƚɣȥ
ҵ˵ͷ˽ȥǿǺܴߵɳϣԼһˮ߽¥һ䣬ûһ󸹱˾˳
˿ʮ꣬Ǹͺһװﻹһ̵̣ߵǰһڣ۾ʣСһǸɶﻹǸʲôģץıô
ʿ·˵˵ֹޱĿǰ򳤣Ϊԧԭ򣬷ое㲻ˬ
ŶôҵҹǸһЩϰæСһҪǰҸĳָ͡Це˵Һһû˵ֻǵ˵ͷҿ˵СǹҲ֪һС㣬ֻ֪֣źÿ̳
򳤵˵ͷŲԶĹ˵ȥһ£ʦȲ衣Ҳ˵
Ұ˰֣ﻹеԥܿ죬ǸŮӾˣʮһ꣬òҲʲôޣеƫϰɣɫܲ԰ס
Ҷ򳤾˵ʦ㿴ŮԴӱԺɫûù
Ұڰ֣˵򳤣ҺС㵥İɣ
·ԥӣһ֪ʱˣͳԼľ֤˵򳤣İɡ
һҵݹȥľ֤ȵĿһۣû뵽Ǿ죬һᣬŵ˵ͷ˵УҲպóȥе飬һԷɡ
˵žߣһҵľ֤ȻķŽĶȥʲôݰɡ
ʼŵǸҲԼ˶¥һ䡣
С㣬ţҾͺ졣ŶȣǰԴŵᣬʣǸйʲôݣԸ˵˵ô
Ȼ֪ЩģҾҪ̬ȡ
ԭǵͷģ仰̧ͷң˵ʦܱܲץûкˡ
Ȼ
һϲǶǸйûʲô飬һΪ˺ôҲľͰǸеĳͶ̥ˣںˣỹϲǸйġ
˭˵ҪץģҿǰᣬСʣҪ᲻Ầأ
˰죬㶵Ŀң˵ˣҸоԼҲе̫ļˣҡҡͷ˵û£úÿһ°ɣҪһа취룬ұ͸Ͷ̥ת


265 ֮
ʸ˵仰ģҪ֪ҿǽˣԸһͨĹ־͸һ
ῴҲǺԥҲܹʵҲе㵣ģȻ͹һ𣬿ڳԶ˵ʵǺܲǵģϾԺҲչ
ʲôʮȫʮأͿԼѡˡ
ҼԥˣҲ˵̣òӣ㿪˵ɣȰѸϵָҡ
㲻ẦɣԥĿңҡͷ˵İɣҾ㸸Ҳõģİɡ
룬ͳһֽʣȻѸϵдֽϣ˹
ù֣⿴˹ȥüͷԾȻҶԷˮвرͨϵǳ֮࣬ôӢأ
æͳ绰硣
Ǳߺܿͽ˵绰˵绰ңιСǱôƯ
Ưڷһ˵ˣ˵ϻˣ㣬Ϸһ֣ҿࡣ
Уɡ
ҵͷҶϵ绰öŰѸϵַ˹ȥûã绰Ǳߵʹ˻ңСʶ˭డȥ
զˣѯʡ
಻򵥰ųֻ֮ҪʺϵĵطסڹŴܻ쵽һ󽫣õܷڵ߹ٻߵҲǴ´࣬Ǵ󸻴֮
⻰һ˵æʣ𣿡
ȥ˲ʮ궼ԲһٳԵعٰͣʮ궼С˼ӲһǳɶǲмˣɶϽύύˣԺڻͺãԺͺˡڵ绰ͷЦ˵
üͷύƨҿһ۲Զᣬæ߳ߵû˵һ£ſ˵ʵĸǹˣԭΪ˥û뵽һôӲ˵գ˵˵пô
ôܣǱߴԲܣ
üͷҲǱ߳ĬƬ̣翪˵ӣһȰˣϽߣһ˵ˣˡ
˼ǣҷʡ
䡣ֱӵ˵Ҽ򵥵˵ˣͼ죬ɶ˳亦ҲŪⲻ̫Ϥ̫ˣһӲ̫ˣҶĻ˵ˣԼҲӦúװɣ
ҵ˵ͷȷ˵ӦҲ˵ģǰи˵һӤ¥ĸںԶĵطиʮףͻȻһӱ嵽¥°ӽסˣĸһ֣ҪСӲ룬¥˽סһЩˣ˰֢ĪȬˣ
˵ǸôӲˣȻ
ҵ˵ͷģе㼬ְԭΪǸͨ˹û뵽ͻȻǣЩҲеԥ
УˣҺúǣİɣ㻹ôΣһԼܵġҿ˵
һԼҪСĵ㣬ȥͼ˵Ļʲôã˵Ҫ˵ĻǸһЩ˵顣
鷳ˡ˿˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ˣл꣬ǸϽйʣ϶֪һЩ顣
Ҳ򳤼ңԼߵ֥ҵһùݣùݲֻʮ䣬ҿһ䣬Ȼ䲻Ǻܴ󣬵ԣ仹ɾ࣬룬һǴ˸绰ҵĽҼĹ
ȴ绰ʱ䣬Ѿϰ˵ˣƷīʼ
ϾŵʱҾͻа룬Ҳˣұżһţ֥һЩ㣬Ȼȥ
йҪ̳ģûֻõȻª㡣
Ҷ֥ĵطҲϤߵһûɶ˵С֥شһǧףطҲͦƧûɶˣΧܰġ
˸ɾĵطóȼ𣬳˰ݣȻ˵ϣһߵľʼӶ̤һ¶壬Ӧ顣ʦ붯񣬵ɷܣιҼɷҵ˺ڣǰùйûµʱҲѧ⻹ҵһʹãԺ£۾ͻȻоһ紵


266 ձͷ
۾ȥһ£ɫɷ׵Ʈ˹һûж٣ûԹֹټ
㱣Ժһǰ˻֣ϻһʣ˭
ãμ棬աһЦŲֹңܶ˶˶ĴøУҽг»ԡ
»ԣüͷۿʣҹʲôʲôĿġ
Ҫ顣ҿһľ㿪˵㲻ġ
ңܰʲôҸ¶һ˿ΣȻСĽ
Υ飬Ҳɵġҡҡͷ˵˵һأ
û뵽Ϸһ˵ܣǹˣ˹ôһ𡣡
ҿϵɻͻȻһ˿⣬ıĵ˵ǸҲӦԭ֮ǰ˵޸һԺ°뱲ô죿
Կ൹νͱϰʮˣ˶ûк˰ᡣ
ҵ˵ͷϷӦ飬ôһ¾ͨЩ
ԼɣұΪһڤ顣ҿ˵
ڤʵܶ˶̫˽⣬оǸǳĶǰΪģоڤһЩʲôġ
ʵڤмʥĹʽڤʼ־ǹʱˣమһ֮Ϊ졣
ʼڤǺʥģںԺֻҪи˼ҵĶˣͻһ˼ҵŮ飬ֻ㸻ֶΡ
ڤԽԽã󻹵õһƭơ
ˣ֪һΪʲôһһתҲˣһҸȤ顣
ɫ΢䣬ܿһЩҵȻһЦ˵Ⱦ˸ðûмʱҽβŲСĹС»Ǳˡ
ƭңҴһŸϺ˵
ȴҡͷ˵ܵġ
ü룬Ÿʣѵ㲻˵£в㣬ֻҪ˵ͻẦ᣿Բԣ
ɫһûеͷҲûҡͷĬͻȻһ㶣вҼȻвӦǻ˼ӲŶԣæ˵Ͻ뿪˵ز˾
˵ҾҪתͷʰ뿪
СֵôżҪ뿪ɶɶļģŸչҪߣǲ̫ʧ˵㣿ͻȻһͷһɫװ͸ķһͷ׷˸ɽ䣬һ֪ǺˣŻСѵ͡
֪µ£æţһûȥԷأһȻｹѣ滹װúܵģƵľҪߡ
˸£ͻȻǸϼһʹŭȻһ˸£һձˣ
ǸϼһݺݵĿң˵Ȼ֪ҵĴڣǾͲܻŻȥˣ
е㲻ɣ㿴Լ߳ҿģôͲһŻȥأԼΰ˵ˣһ֪ɶأ˵ǻǳԼڸɼ˵ôҲ̫޹ˣ
˸Ѿ·ϼһﾹȻͳһɫһֱߡ
ȵȣϼңŶǴˣǴôֶܶŵأ԰ɡҸæ˵ˣĸоǿһɺǿа϶ǷʲôֲŶԡ
ãϼһҵĻȻԥ֪ǲҿǴЧˣûˣǰջػۿҵһʱ˵ŵɡ
գһӣϼһҲ̫ˣҸϽֶĿȰйﲩع㣬ҿǵһйİɣϾʱǴձ۹ĵӰǴձ۹ӣҲ
ҲֻķˣЩձԾϲƺΪձ۹ֻѧһˣúǰװúǻḶѪĴ۵ģҲװúǶӡ
Ȼһ˵ɫһ㣬ͷ˵йСӲñѣ㵱ˣԺűɵ£ֻҪԹȻٲĺô
ǡҼЦʣ̫й˰Ҫɵɶ
ߣҵĻҿǺܴģһŶҩҳȥ˵ϼһͳһźҩ衣


267 о
Ŀͷȥ˻ԼôͶЩҲһӾȻ˵Щüҩ裬üͷϼһﲻҽҩô죿
ѡ񲻳ԣϿȥʵġϼһһĿҡ
ʮ˴ˣԷģлµظһǸյҵȻѾġ
Ȼ룬Ҳ֪ĿǰòƲԻ治УϼһӣֻҪҸҾܾƾͻֱӶɱңƱǿ
Ŷҩһڷ£оеζͦóԵģɿһ
šϼһ￴˶ҩԺһӣȻѸϵĻսһСƿ棬˵ԼúôţҪҵȥ֪֪ġ
˵ŴȥҺһ£תܻ֥أܻùݵķ䣬Ȼó绰͸粦˹ȥ
ιӣҲ鵽һЩ绰ء
ģĿϵ翪ڣҾ˵ӣ⣬УһձˣǸͷһɸϵ͸йء
һ˵ҳ˶ҩ׾ŸҼĵҩأû뵽Ǳȴ˵ȻҲ鵽һձһϵа֮Ļйء
аܸˣֵȵȣʲôֻҪܸǸһͨ˾Ҫһ֮ļƷǰλԽߣҪļƷҲԽ࣬һ֮ǷҪԸĲУҲĵĶˡ
走ģȺ˶ӣһ츴ǸǶʺȥɣܳҴɽܳһձ˲֪ҪʲôȥүģͷҪץôô
ˣӣǱСĵ㣬ҹ鲻̫ͨʦʱΪɽԭҲæòɿܹ㣬زǵĵ̣ЩģǺ⡣˵⣬Ҷʱ۾һ˵ɶˡ
ǰʾæûĵ̣֪а̵ļһǸձаָ̣ôʰǸϻ쵰µġҩͷ˵ʵڵģʲôĶҩ
ǹƶĶһẦ£ϾҽѧβֹĶģͨĶҩǾ綾ҽԺҲиҩȵģǸϼһԽԽͿֶҩԸңһƿҩʵڡ
ԼǴˣһǣһձˣûȥǸ״ú̸̸ˣ뵽⣬Ҳͣʰ˷һڳȥ
һ·ҲһЩˣʶԼ˯ˣԺѹʱȻڴϣˣһҴʱڵĵطȻһηһȫӲݣǸɵˡվ濴ȥ澹ȻˣһŰ״ӣĿѧҲ࣬һҩʲôģ֪оʲôһͷŹȣ۾һɳϣ˯һ
ðɲֹۣԴתתϣ˸ˣôԼ˴ԼˣҰңûȥӰأ˵Ҫȥӣô
ЩԱһҵĻȻұĵĿһȽϽĻڸԱߵ˵ɽľǰһӣˣСӾȻӧ
գСˣ
ŵúһֱɳϱ۾վˣ̵ߵη棬Ȼ˵򿪡Ա߾һСܴ˴š
СӲҪ˰ɣɫɷףϼһһĮߵǰʣСֵѵܱ֮ͬô
ޣͬͬ֮ͬ˵úȻȴ˵ôܣǲֽߵģ˭Ҫ˵ͬҵһվ֧ŶǷԡ
İɣӹǵСһҿûȤģɡ˵ת߳ηҼԱǸСܴҲųȥˣҲųȥ
طҵĵһӡԭҸղη￴ֻطһ֣ط͸оһŰ״ӵɫҴңȥģ쳣æµиָĻѧҩ
ǲǺܾһطɽľͷҾȵɫ¶һԺ˵Ҵձ۹йһооʲô϶Ȥ


268 ˵
ţоʲôֵʣ˵ʵһоһ㶼ڵϲſõ
ձ˵о߾аףҲо֮еȥһ䣬вȺͰصĺܡ
оĶɹ츣ȫġɽľ˵ɫͿʼЩˣָо˵ǴӺܾǰ룬ΪʲôЩܱ֣ܴ꣬ȴֻж̶̰أ
û˵ɽľģɽľ˵˺ܾãԱоıĵط
оǣѯʰĿɽľһЦ˵ʬ
֮ǰ˵˺ܾöûд𰸣Ϊʲôɵܻ𼸰꣬ǲУҴˣȻ֮飬ʬռ̬ɽʬݵأϲΪ񻰡ɽľ˵ʱ񶼳һģ
ʬоʲôϵʼ򣬽ʬȷãϣԼˣѣΧϤһϵȥԼȴû仯ʹͲһܹġ
ɽľȻҵӣһЦӣӣĸȫǽʬأ
һһɽľ˵˶㣬ô㲻ٴʲôνʹˣüͷԣã꣬ǧǰ˶ɽʬˣĻڵһһܴƲŶԡ
ɽľʲôưɣҿŲԶɽľѯʣɽľһ˵ͷһ˷ܵĳ˵û
˵ǰ·һ˽ȥطҲ˼ҵĵͷŪҲɶ£뵽Ҳɲ٣ûôˣɽľ
ʵĺܴ˴ӣڼҸоһЩµ¥ݣһᣬȻһһĵطſձͷʦͦڵģǲǻĵͺ
ɽľ򿪵ƣҸŽȥһܳӣ澹Ȼȫˣ˻õģǣﾹȻһҺɽľ͸ʳһҪ˹ӹסˣֽҲǱֻʬö죬Ҫżձķ䣬⼸ֻʬŶˡ
ҿֻʬɫһѯʣɽľʣˣǰйˣձˣ
йˡɽľ˵Ȼںӣʼ˵Сһɴ߲Сڡ
֪ڲˣǹغҸ˵ӣ¹ռҸоҲνһֱŷֵǮҸ˵ӲֵǮҹңйȴܶ
ҹƳʱݣΪ쳯֮ϳҧɽľЦ˵ϼһһһŪģʵҵˡ
ɽľȴںһң֪Ϊʲôһֱɱ𣿻˵о顣
ߡҿʬҧҧû˵
Ϊй˶̫ųˣʮ˿ڣװһƴʹӣԼɽ˶飬ȥͶʼʮֱ֧ЦˣǴձ۹˺йǣǣǾˣǻȴƫƫҪһƤװᣬҧ
ǲǸоԼҵԼұץⲻ۲۵ĽʬɽľЦҵļ˵ģʱɱģɱʦ֮ȥߡ
ΪҲͦģΪôѧȫǰ𣿡Ŀɽľ㲻ҽҲˣϼһﾹȻһҽ
Ҳ˲ˣ嵽ǰ¾Ͱķȫ˺
𣡡
ֻʬŭɽľҲɫ䣬óһԽ˸£ˣ35ŷƷܳˡ
˵ҪɽľԽͳҷŭһȭҿ죬ȻѾܲĽʬˣĻйɽľܰȻֻʬûǻۣ۾ҲȼϢ˵ҲȥֻǺһˡ
Ҷ㿪ɽľһȭŶſʦҲңû뵽ɽľ𣺡ȽǼһܲģ
ʦһۣĳǸ䣬һûԶȻǷ䴫һʦĲҽһǻ̫СʬָΣаˡ


269 L
ʬֶһŪþһЩḻĵʿ׵ĺͽʬԴҪ⵶ǹ룬һձʦ֪ʲôڹѪľԸʬֻһ֡
Ҳͣȵ꣬ʵ̫ˣҵо࣬Թһ߲ȥΧ·Ҳһ㵵Ŀңûңֻʬڵĵطȥ
ûãͻȻʵҾȻ˾Ҷʱһˬˣֻʬս۰
ͻȻҾͿʵҵ˽һߣʬķﰵ֣ҲûĿ꣬һ￴ҵڲ
ܵģӦձˣڶԻҲӣһɫƬһˢһ£ſˣ˽ȥСߵſڣ濴˽ȥ
ͦڵģ߲̫ã澹ȻҲصӲݣһ˱ţͷҲҶһȻLȥL񣬴һõ·Ļеʱ磬һ
ʬˣ㣬Ͻȥһձ˱ȻҴ˼ˣʬѾҧˣƲסˣǾLæˡ
LҲˣۿһձˣЦձٶãҹ
˸£ձ˾ȻͳһǹָLԴ˵Ҫǲæھ͵
ɱҰɡLޱ飬һҰLʱӦǣȻһ߲ôǵóúҪҲô
ҡҡͷԼϣòҲûɶһСЬСȥ
ձǱԵңLңȻһ㲨ûУûҴһһҪôݼغãҪôֹˮ
ô˵ҲѧģߵǸһﱳһסĲӣֵݺݵȥ
ֵûգȻһǹԼ͵ڵϣ
ʹԱһ˦LҲ͵һŴһձ˵ϣһLϾȻղ⣬̫ڣҲû
LҲû˵ָһձ˵Ҵӡ
˵أ˵ǲǣҰǹȻʹĳһձȥձҲģһ˵æΨΨŵŵĵͷȻͳһԿ״L
ҺLҲһȻͷ߳⡣
ҿLȻд࣬ɫҲһӪģҾʣôطģ
طȻùˣѾҰˡL˶˺ܴı仯ǰL˵һЩģڵLȷֹˮ
ֹˮȫͬģҿΪǰи飬߱Ϊ˲žܸ顣
ô죿֪𣿡ҳԱߵLѯʣLҡҡͷ˵ȸҷʲô飿
ġҾͰǸɽľϼһץLLԺҲĿһۣѵõЦһ£˵ҪȥҵҵĽҵĽɽľ֪ˣЩձˣٶá
磬ôΣգǻԼ뿪ɣֻʬһǲߵģһһƾ߲ˣ־ͺˣҲûнֻLˣһôǿûԸʬҲһ
Lҡҡͷ˵ЩҵԼϽ뿪ɣЩʬǵľѪҧˣ˾ͻɽʬȻʲôĽʬҲǺͷ۵ģңһ˹ҲСĵӳȥĻѵġ
ҲLʵ˻ʵ˵ǰ˵׸Խ˵ԽǼᶨҪߣ֣Ҫ˵ǼʬûɶˣԼˣôȻЩʬǿ϶ˡ
ֵܣҾˣһʼղģųûлˣԱһѰİ˰ѽǡҼLҪڣæ˵ôˣ㲻ò˼ţ壬϶ֵܾʹܷһôΣյĵطš
һֱӾͰL»ȥˣܾʱΧҲѾһЩʬĺˣЩʬȾļǿôнʬҪˡ
˵ز˾ϽߣЩʬûǻۣߣӦѾܶˣûзֺѺƴL˵ͷҵ˵ͷҲġȻL


270 ͼ
LоͦϤûãȻܣҸL棬˴ʮˣΧѾûʲôʬˣ෴ܶഩ״ӵˣɫ壬ҺLԺֻһľȣųµĵطȥûд
ЩôҿЩҲͨ˶ѣһĶǰ̵ʬֵĵطܡ
Lͷһ˵оûô򵥣ɲֹоһЩʬоʬһĿ滹ź֣ܶΪЩʬطоΣֻоеС鷳ǸϽҵ취ӳȥ
ҵ˵ͷԽоߣԽǾȣط̫ˣLܵһⷿһĵطLſڵһﰴ˼룬һ¾ʹˣLæ˵Ͻ
ҵ˵ͷΧڲûˣһܽȥź¡һ͹ĵҲһܴĿⷿܶһ׶ߵľӶţҲ֪ʲô
L˫ЩľһȻüͷһ£Ӧʲôһܵһľǰһȥľͦģһžˣһ򿪣ȻװŰ˰ѴСľһı
Ƶģое񱳱ѣԲŰ˰ѽL˱ϣȻѰ˰ѽ˱
ҿLˣʣϽ߰ɡ
Lͷ˼һ£ȴҡҡͷ˵ʵر󣬶һоֹձʦһЩҲڣܿ϶ܲȥ
ҵ˵ͷҲԣӰҲݣоûģLųһ˵ҵһ飬ǲ֪ûеˣ
˵үɶûУеҿLͻȻЦое㲻ĸо
LͷѵõЦһ˵УеУоһĸ򣬷ֱABCDDǸղܳĵطǸطĿоôýʬAоģBо֣Cоʲôʱûе鵽
ڵʵܲȥģҺͷжȥABǵƷųȻܳȥȻЩΣգųһСľͻˣôLЦЦĿʡ
ʵܾͦģЩձ֪оЩʲô⣬뿪ڣL˵ôˣ㲻ɶûоеôҼʶһ¡
үң˵ȥB
ﻹе׵ģǺɱˣĹ˭ֲͬһӦ˵ǻ۵ģձоôãų϶ǵһʱɱЩŰ״ӵļһ
ţоĴ·ߣһȻϢһСʱҲһ£ʱǲס·˾ΣˡL˵ͳһľõһľϻLһﻭûôһ¡
оԭ㣬ABDڵһ㣬CȻڶ㣬Lúģ˵Ҳûȥһ㾹ȻôҴ¿һ£ÿһ͸һΣȻи֩һкö·ߣ۾ˣL̬Ȼˡ
ȥ㾹Ȼǵס𻭴˹̲סLƲһۣ˵ʱĽܿңһطĵͼǴǾǱɡ
㿴ȻʹﵽLһԸҽҲ֪Ļһ㲻Ļ˵ģҲǺļǣL˵Ժ˵Щобǳڵ·ߣʱʵҲȫڵķܡ
һͷȻҲڵذϢôãҲ۵òУLڵϢҲûн̸ʱʱҲῴһµͼ¼©ʲôط
ͼʵйɣֱߣҲ̫ѣһСʱҲһš
L˿ʱ˵ˡȻLתЩ淭˷Ȼҳװ״ӣ֡
ϰɡL˹ҽӹԺ·ҽԺĲ࣬ϿԺҲôϵó
ҪŵʱLתͷ˵סСĵ㣬ȹһǷһҲʸˣȻǰܻ
˵Ͱ˳ȥҿLıӰɶ˰ȥʸѣѵǰѶôһȷ̫ˡ
ˣҡҡͷð״ӣһ۵ͼϳڵķٺһЦֲǶƣѲȥ֣ڣˡ


271 ͷ
ģطİ
ҿ˿ΧĵΣ˰״ԺЩоԱûҵĴˣȴһ܇飬·ˡ
ԲۣͼʲôȫͼǵʱǼǵòһܳÿȣÿ䶼֪࣬ʲôطҶоתһСʱˣûҵڡ
Ҳ֪LǼһAĹַųûУ֪LһߵġԼˣֻҲûУ˵ٶȵͼˡ
ſһŰ״ӵƵĴԱ߹æסҪڣ״ӵߴﹾĳ˵˵һҲͻһ˸ºⳡòʲ̫ʺð
Ǹ㣬˵𣿡װЩӵĿװԼ̫ĵѯǸձ˵˵ͷҲһرŤʣĸλģ
Cģ·ˣô߰ѯʵû뵽ձͻȻ˸£˭о˶ܣҶо·ָƣô·أ
ҿձһɵһ飬ҲǴ˸Ѿ·ǲŽϰģ㲻
ձһɻ߶һɶҲ֪Ҳձ˾ָһ˵ֱ߾ǳˡ
лл˰һƣΪһôֱӾͳָ෴ĵطЩһϲָһЩ
˵Ŀ꣬ҾһֱߣٶֱܿߵһſǹľĵطɶҲоӦʲôҪĵط˵ǳˡ
һϲȻϲֳܱ¿֣סȻװᳵ·ߣƻȻûңֱӽȥˣ߽ȥһڣʱסˡ
ȥ澹Ȼ͵ʱǸɽľڵĵطܴ࣬мһЩҩˮоԱӵ߾ȻһЩװһЩι״ĶЩ滹һЩġ
ͻȻһ״ӵ˾ߵǰ˵ʲôһüװһڲ׼ͨ˸£BOSS˵ǼȻйҪѧϰйĻĹܸͨõط棬𣿡
֪ʲôBOSSֻǿձӰϲУСձͦһһһ㶵ģæϹ˵ˣҵĴ֪B𣿡
ô֪ҲЩоԱеһԱϸһԭЩоԱؿھȻһBѫ£ҵͷһԼģȻһCѹɶء
ûʲôBOSS˵еңҹӲһ£ûʲôɷӣԼȥæɡҰ˰֣װһ쵼ӣСձ˵ͷ󻹸Ҿ˸ߡ
ǰЩ˵ձ˵ȼƶȺϸ񣬿ģձԺҲüëղŸָ·Ǹֵܣԩ˰˭ôʵ
ҿЦüΧЩһĶߵһǰһһЩɫҺһձ˵кͯһŸкֺͽŶзצӣܵһԵһӣŵһֻèèβͣӦè֡
Ĺӻͦ࣬һжʮһЩʶģһЩҲʶ֣ҲǷһˣطҲ̫ˣȻЩֶڹҲоǵжЩųԱǼʬӰ
λЩ̫ˣͻȻһ״ӵ˳ҴǺûᣬȻǲҿ˾͸鷳ˣҳ嵽ԱߣһѾ˺èֵķȻܵԱߵ˺ĸ˺ѾһҰڵˣЩһҲ
Ȼձ˶һЩʲôʿ񣬵ҸҴƱû˲ȻҵЩһտʼʱͦǿǺһĶеɿ
æӵһѾʼ˳ֻǺ񶼻ãҹء
һƤһӾˣΧ˲
ཡ
ཱུĿֻϵΧҲڿʼһ˿˿ĺɫɷ
ҿΧЩоԱһƵĿңæ𣺡ԼģֻһϽܰ
˵ǸŵķͿͻȻһţǵһͰһҡ


272 ǹ
ȥҵһǵ˲䣬ҵСĸҲͨһ
군군ˣæ˼΢ǼԶһ㣬⼸ڿûг׻ָɷ
˿ĭʱоҵѾ˿ʮˣҴµĿһ£ʮоԱЩһǵԺ󣬶ң񶼷һ
ʹˣҲһǵǱ߿ȥ⼸ֻһͲɶ࣬һǿɷ֪мһһܶԸһһﶼûУҲף׻ҲңԸǰЩ֡
˸£һǷųġΧЩ״ӵļһڷףһĲĿңæ˵侲㣬ڴһϵƣǹʲô˼ҵ˼ڴһپһ𡣡
ҰԼһȥҲװڸϽ취ȥԺ˶УOKɣ
ˡһ΢оԱһҵĿһָۣŴ˵ֻҪһųоҾͻȫŸ򿪵ġ
оԱ䣬ͻȻԶʹһҽС

֮ͬһԴ˹ȥܳǸͯӵ֣ʱѾ˵һȽϽоԱ÷צڿͷ­ȻſͣͷԴԽ
ֲоԱûһûιȥһԼԽֲĴѪŰɫԽ­˳
ҿٿֲңҲǷһɺӿܶһЩļһֱ˹ȥܶҲʼŻ
漴ĸ֣ҲļоԱڿӣ̫ˣЩֵٶر죬ЩһլеоԱסһоͱˣԣ
ͻȻüëЩָое㲻ԾЩǡ֡˵ֱ֣ģǱаɷմȾ֣Żɱˡ
ֺҲڶӳ࣬񵱳ϻһĺ
֣˵˼ά˼
ȻҲûмȻ֣붼࣬ɵģǰЩνġ֡ʨ죬͸Ұһֶ֮ǶΪǻۡ
ЩʵĳķʽĹɣȻɷҲ䲻ν
Ǽ㲻֣ҲôһᣬѾʮˣЩоԱȻһʼһӣڿˣһĶӿ˹캰
ҲǻȺ棬ȺһҾͱм䣬Ⱥ£ãЩֶӱԵʼɱˣһʱҲȫȥ˳İ
ܿ죬ˣ˿޺ͻȻ֪ǲȺСµļһжоBOSSͻȻͻˡ
ʹȻûǣ
˶Сһ򿪣澹ȻһźǹʵֲģˣֲӴʮңͳһľذףоң˶ԸǼ֡
ȺоԱҲһЩģ˳ȥΧˣ쳣ĳ֣ҲǱ˷ˣϾǡס
ȺҲǰĹ۲⼸ֲӵ˲򵥰µÿ˶Ըһ֣Ȼһ㲻·磬Ƕþ˵ĲַΨһ˺Ҳֻϵذס
ÿһжذ״Щ֣ʵ񱼣ʲôҪĶһ
ܿ˾ʹ̧һͷͷ͸ʲôһòѾˣȺ˴Ҵҵļ̌ˡ
飡
䣡
ͻȻԶȻǹͱը
ôҲǾУҵİһǹܼŶԣԭԸֲֵֻӵļһһǹ˶һģһһ߷ֻ֣Ȼ˻Ⱦǹķ
ͻȻдǹӦйľӣ
һ󼤶ͻȻһ䣬ߴһֽУŤͷһһֻβè֪ʲôʱѾҼϣŤͷ˫۷̹Ĺè
飡
ҲӴһۣèȻһڳҵĲҧæҪһҵĲӾһʹԵġ


273 ΰУ
ùĲֹңֻҲΧЩоԱ
ҧסѪҲʹҲֻ֪èǲҧҴˣæɿһҧָٶȣʹĻһ̫ͼ
Ҿʹ޼Ǭ跨
˳־ֻҧҲӵèȥЩȻо˹ģǶ˺ֻܴèֱһģʱɿͣһĺɳ׶࣬ײһоԱϣ˳˺ҧǸһ
üʹ走ģˡ˵æϵİ״˺ȻðײİҲӵ˿ڰ
ϣǰҴ˰ɣҪǴˣҾˣòԱһԭʮоԱھȻֻʣʮˣָڵɱһﵹڵϣǱŵ߲һ
ҪǷǰһЩһе㱯ԴӼʶЩһйʵԺǺ޲Щһ⡣
һЩ˵ʲôձҲȫǻˣҲм˺ʲôģҿּһһ˾ӣվڵµߵ±˲֪ʥˡ
ǵˣǾǵˣ˵ı죬ձΪʲôҪװһȥʲôνĺƽʹţлᣬձǻԥռй
˵ʲô۲һ˳˵磬Ƿ࣬ϣй˶Ƿ࣬Ѫԡ
ԹҿЩձ˵ʬ壬һķ˹ȥҲ˺Щձˣ˴ʮ룬ͻȻһɺ⣬һͷһȻǸè֣һƿһǲ԰˹
ҸҪתͷ׼һأͻȻ澹Ȼĸ֣ԣҲˣȾͿʼ˳̡
ĺԽԽŨȻﺦ£ҲĳЩӾSBһͷȥͷʱԼٶȻȵ½ʱˡ
ͻȻǰͳ˼ӰܽһȻֲӵķװ⼸˵·Ҵ쳯ľӰæ󺰣ϽܣҺ֣
Ǽԭ֪ڸɶһҵ˹⼸˷Ӧ죬ܿȵмһŴ
ȿףվߣÿһľذ׶ӵ滹˰׸ߵһ
ҲоĺԽԽˣоҪҺ󱳵ĸо
һͦȻķ϶˹ȥ
ԺԱߵǼͻȻͱóľذ׳ȥҸæȥʱѾѾץľذʹ⼸
аӣֲֻŹֽһΪһƺ̣ʧˡ
ҿֻʧʱһ˵ǣлˡ
ûҼ˵ͻȻ⼸˳һ־ͰҰڵϣȻӰҰһ˻Сձ˵ûͦﰡ
ǣй˰ңԼ˰æ˵ɽǰֻɽֻﶷ첻Ϻﶷ˻㿴һ˵ƿСձĻ˵
ףԵģ˵˳˵ʯʨǰʮĸʯʨӣǰϽʮĸɬӣʮĸʯʨӲʮĸɬӣʮĸɬӵʮĸʯʨӡƿ˵Ҿйˡ˵ƿﻹͦ졣
ҸҪڣ˸ӵģˣ۸ƽֲ尡ܳүġ췽Ȼһ˵ͨҲرãͨOKԲ񱱾
ȥ˵췽ԣйˡˣеж˵йҲǸ飬ȥһ¡
ȥǲҪǵġҴ˵Ĳһţˡ
šͻȻһ
޴УãͻȻʿֱţˣڵϻǿһʮӣһһԲʷļϾȻǴУΡ
˷˰ɡ޴Уָ˵
ʿæɿң޴УߵǰһЦ˵ǳ»԰ɣҽΰ״ᵽ㣬ΪǱڲ
ҿΰĴУֺʣôҵطģ


274 ӵĵ
طͱǲˡΰУЦһ£бһɱ⣬ұ۾һ£һ£У򵥰ɱˣϹսˡ
ұϾǴӾУҵģҲְλܸߵģǾ־ֳȻְλܸߣǻ֣ȻܸɣûϹսץ㶾ǵȶץסȻȥ̹ͣȴǰλУһһɱ⣬ָобϵġ
λҲΪҿˣ˵ǴţλȥһЩڻڵһϱܶϹսɱܶ˵ģһ񣬶㺦£͸㱻һֻϻ˵ĸоһ
ȻͲˣΪʲôط㲻֪ͬʵ𣿡ҲһЩһȻ֪ΪʲôֱӴһǡ
ʱδΰУҡҡ˵תҪߣæ߹ȥһסҸնԱߵļʿҪ֣ΰУ֣ǼĲһ
ʲôʱѵԼͬܿȥ𣿡ҶУ۾ѯԺص˵ʱֻʬĳ
һֱڵһҪ֣ڵȵˡУǻشˡ
ľΪ˵һˣȻ̹ܲ
ΰУˣʱЩŭ⣬ǰһߵǰһҸһԴһӾͰѹȥŭ˵ҺЩֻ֪̹ƵļһΪһ̸ûϹսȻս͵
˵⣬УͻȻ¶˵ģһ˵ûԹһʮֵܣԼսϵĸоΪʲΪǾ˽ֻΪ̹Ҳ̫֪ˣǣԸΪǵĹһУȴǲ˽ǡ
һһʮֵܣҲ൱Ҹһĸ飬ǹңǷǵģҲȷ̫ˣ̾˿֪ԼȷǶˣ˸ԲйԶǷǵġ
ΰĴУûٻشңֱת뿪ˣԱߵǼĸҲһ뿪ˣֻһҳȥ
ںһߣһҲڵдҲ֪ˣ֧רŴӱǱߵģһΪ˵أΪץһҪʲôʿ˵Ǿ»ܣûиҡ
ʿ˴ʮӣ͵һһĵطʱѾʮʿǹʵİʿʾһ֤Ժ󣬾ȥˡ
ؾȻǽɽ棬ҳĵطһɽɽ׶ߣ׶ʱɽҲһЩӵڰ֣ȻҳʿתȥˣЩʿͦġ
ԼҲɽţǸµĻˣоЩ˴˸к߳ɽ˿ɫ쾹ȻѾе΢΢ˣɽĳڰɽһƬ棬ɽҲ֪ġ
ЩСձЩҲ̫ˣ峿ԭ򣬿رĺãһҿ˿ͻȻͷһݴиӰ˹ȥӰҲǹġ
й
쳯ֲӣʱôôأҵʱȥ֪ͨɽĲӣ³ҲһˣԵġ
ˣæǵӰӰͦģڲݴں
˭ͻȻǰǵӰͦͷ˹һӰҲЦԩ·խ
ɽľôˣҿɽľһɽľһңһӾͱˣ˸£ɽľŭû뵽ץȥŪô鷳ɡ
˸ѹ·ھǸɽҲԶΣտתܣҲرСӡ
ɽľСһˣɫǺˣϿɻµĶҩ
УڿƼôһ㶾ҩŵңһ£ҩľ綾ȥֱӾͻˣʲôν󷢲ҩһ㶼ǹƳ棬ƳȻˡ
ڲż찡˸һȥҸҽԺϴθʵڲҶҩȡ˰ɣҪ֪װйƳҩһǲᱻģǹƳԼŻ
ߣҽ˽㣡ɽľͳǿ壬ȻҼһģҲüͷ˵ĻϼһͻܵˣǲߵĻûһҲ򲻹
ͻȻ˿ˣ»ԣ˿ҵ⵺ʦ


275 Сɮ
һͷһȻǱŰ˰ľLLʱͦǱģԭշųʱ·ãڸͼ鲼ţǱ˼㡣
LɽľʱŭģɽľҲʶLһLһģЦ˵СӸղŻûԹͷҪҴ򣿡
֮ǰͽһL˲СĿL˫Ķɽľһľ˫ſӲ΢΢ȵ˵ϻ췽Բ£±ʣء
LٺÿһһӾȥˣLһֵʱ߰ľϵһѣȫžҫһ㡣
СӣҪԺ棬ڿɲʱ򣬱һɽľLƣɫ΢䣬Ȼ׼ˣתҪܡ
ܣLһͳɽľ˹ȥٶȼ죬͸׳һٶҲ˿û½ɽľɫҲѿһͷLܵÿ찡ȻҾͳȫ㡣
ҿɽľ˵仰Ժٵĵ߶˼䷨ͻȻһֱϵǸ徹ȻһŨɷӿ˳
ȻЩŨɷٵȻ۳һСģСģǸͷԲңͷСУͷķܴ󣬽ֺֻϻ̶
ʲô֣ҺǰʲôطȻԶҲܸоǿɷˣ
СɮǶСɮλɱΪСɮһСֺ޺ģΪǸ֣ʵһּΣյ֣ǰż
˵ֻҹߣһЩҹ·ģȥǶԣֻҪͻùö
ߣССҲסңLǰȫ׵ľСɮȥ
ںҲ˿ȻСɮϵŨֻҪĶû£LĽɲͨľЩ׵аΪõġ
˴۾СɮȻץһ鶹Lľȥԭƾ˵ľһңȻL󾪣ȻֳľСɮ
Lıҿ֪ģǴҲѹŴģھȻСɮϵĶ¾ҵõ
ⶹСɮɲһĻɫɽľʱԼĶСɮLѹŴ򣬹Ҳʱ٩
走ģ˵ҿLڿսɽľעȫLǱߣĵĴԱߵĲݴ˹ȥСӸûע⵽ѾˣҴӲݴֻһ׵ʱŷӦҡ
ȵŵϴ󣬶һѼˣû뵽ҾȻһĹһתܣܵȥһҹȭͰ϶ڵϡ
һЩаûаĻϣҲǸͷˣҿҪæһӣһֶȵۡ
ϼһҲ̫򣬱һӳݶɳ˼ţѪһƨϣ䣬Ȼһĳӣһͷһ£ǸСɮҲûлЩƵаһ㶼Ҫʹ
ӸղŲǺôŸҿҼȥɽľͷ۾Ժˣ
һͷһLûɽľͷĿƣǸСɮҲľګL˺ü£ɷɢ˲١
˵϶ĽҩأͻȻҺϻжûأɽľִͳһСƿӣװżźɫҩ裬ͳһţ˿ʣȷǽҩ
šɽľԺһһų;ιȥԡ
𣡡ɽľͻȻ;ⲻǽҩⲻǽҩҪҳԡ
ɽľȻǸ˾ңһӸȥʵ㣬ܳҵĽҩ
㣬ԵĲǶҩֻɿɽľﻹѪĭڳݲ壬һѹֵʱоģȻɿ
ܳϼһƭңǳϳ
䣬һ¡һͷһڶСɮû˲ݣLȻֱð˰ľȻֱӰִֻûɢˡ
һɷɢҲǷ˲٣Lߵǰɽľһۣ̾˿˵ϧˣֻץݵǸһﻹܵˡ
ϼһϵĻأУռϻΪʲôòҪƭҡǼźֺɫҩǰ˻Ρ


276 ص֥
˵˵ǲҪɱҡɽľ˵
ȻԽԽܳһ䡣
ɽľ˼һ¾óһɫСƿӣ滹һŷ䣺˵ǸиϵĻˡ
ҽӹСƿӣСĵķڶڵϽ˵ǵʲô
Ҳ֯ǴռӲˣȻȡǴǹдãҵʱ·֥Сֱ̫ˣԱаɱȻץĻǣִֻ̫ǿˣüδѡ
˵ص㣬û˵ЩռЩǵʲô
ͻȻɽľɫѿȻ˫һĭ˫һţȻôˡ
ιιѾĻû˵˭أҸղųֲذҲڹҵҿɽľʬ
LԭһֱԱû˵ߵԱߣɽľӵҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ô᣿üͷҿԿ϶ղžûֽţĳˣղаɱĻҲܿġ
Lһץɽľʬ壬ɽķȥ˵ĥĥˣȥʬٿôġ
߻ɽһһʬ嵹ЩֲͦȵģҲʶҺLֻǰɽľɽ棬ҺL˵˴˵һȻˣͰˡ
ǲҺLҪһҽľ˺Ծľ߹ʬ򵥵ļһ£ü˵ಡͻӦġ
ҵ˵ͷȻ˼ҽô˵ˣֻ˵һˣLЩģֻǳ˵ˣˣҲûʲô˼
˵LҲһҪһԿףȻ߳ɽæȥɽͦģҸLһᣬҵһӣʱܶͣһ𣬻мʿǹҺLȥȻöԽһ£֤ʵԺŷеġ
L˼ʻҲܵʻԽҰˡ
ʱҲѾɽɽ¿һ޼ʣʲôֻһĹ·
LڿҲ˵һһСʱҲûпУ˱вסͿ˵L֮ǰȥЩųû
Lֻǵ˵ͷͻȻ뵽ʲôһ˵ˣԻȥʦʦ֪븴ʲô
šҵ˵ͷҷоʦʲô֪һţƵһͿϧұȴûѧ֡
һ·ҺLһЩƤС£ڴʮʱǰҲǳһСģĵطһҲһϲȻ֥
ǰָ·L򳤼￪ȥһøϽ͸ϵڤˡ
ͣԺܵ򳤼ſš
ûãȻ򳤿ţһңɫ΢䣬¶Ц˵¾٣㰡Ͻ
̬Ⱥ˲٣ǲ鵽¼СԱ˰ɣҲ⣬LһLһ˽ȥ
ߵмɳԺҾͿ˵򳤣Сϴһ飬ҪĴˡ
ˣҵŮôܼ޸һأ¾٣δҲ̫˵㡣ȻϺ̬ܿѾˡ
Ůش𣿡ͻȻLͿ˵Ů׿˵תߡ
·ϵʱҲLԭҵ˼ǲLֵģϾ£Lȴ˵͸ϵɶ԰ִţɡ
˭һ£LһͷҲõģ͸һؤһ˻һζϾѺôһʱ䡣
׽L롣Lޱ飬˿ûһľ˵˳ԭ׽ֻһãȻLǾ룬һüͷ
ȵȡͳһֻ˹ȥȻСѯҲ򳤸绰Ǳᵽ׽֣治֪˵ʲôɫȻLһ˵ԭ׳ǣʱ绰Һ֪ͨ쵼ӭ
Lޱĵ˵ͷǻӦ򳤵Ļҷɻ׽ֵôţƣֱӾͳ׳ˣ
ϸһ룬ô£׽ֵȻûʲôʵȨÿһʡֻһԱʡίǼҲǿͿģΪĸطָʲôģֹʱָЩ˳ء


277 İСʱ
ϹȻǻǿ˵׳Ů飬Ǽҵ˽¡
һĻ˼ǣǼԼ£ɶȨܣƤLɲóóæ˵Լ£ȻԼڶ򳤲ҪҸŮԸѡȨɣ
ֻҪ˵Ը⣬ϾߣֻҪĻشˣ¸ɶLվһ£Ʋһۣ漴Ҳˡ
úá򳤿Ҳе΢΢ŭ˵ҾͽŮҲɵӣôԸ޸һǸѾͷų˵ؿڻʮһ㡣
ǸʮŮ˴һ˳Ů˾ҵһʱŵǸˣӦþ򳤿е
˵˶¥һſڣóһԿ״򿪷ţŴ߳ɫͦ԰׵ģûϢһֱ˸ŵǸˣ
¥ֱߵǶɳˣLŮʣ᣿
˭ῴLѯɳƣܾûˮһ
ʳɲʲôŶL΢Цһ£ʿվһˮŵǰLõģؤһоͦģźԺL˵һ䣺УҽL
ллûʲôвɫĲ԰׿Ǹġ
ˣҲǾʳʲôģһ⣬ԸԸ͸һһֻL仰ɱЩʲôڽý飬ŵʲôƶ໹һио
ԭΪԥһأϾԼ£û뵽˿ûԥͷ˵Ը⡣
һӣŭĿᣬȻǲǷˣһֻһڵĻνҪˣ˭չ㰡
˵ʱ򳤾ȻLҴǸҹȥŮδǲǣ
ҲôϾղŻL׳ţڵ˵ͷˡ
ѸϷųɡL˵ԼͰеĴƶصˣʱҲóװŸϵĺɫСƿӡ
۾L˵ԺͰ˫ֵָ򳤵üģҲһӱ۾Lȵ;й;ڤ;ڤ;
ͻȻ˫ۿɺֵĺ򳤵üĴŪһкL˵ǰСʱ֮ܿණˡ
һ򳤻ɪһ£ҲСƿӣ˺ķƿǣһ̴Ʈ˳۳ΣȻǸϡ
ԭأҿ˿Լ򳤼ңᾹȻԼǰͣһ˼ӡ
ϸ磡ῴϵĵһӦȻŸȥ֪Ӹһζصˤ˵ϡ
ᡣϸĵĿᣬҡҡͷŸϣһҸ
ˣѾˣ򳤣ܲٳַ˰ɣLѯ򳤿˲˲٣һµɳϣҲ֪ǲǿϱŵá
̾˿˵ԼþǣҲٷˣҪΪԺ밡һʱ֮
򳤵Ļ˰죬ͷ˵ڤˣǲ󼺵ˡ
ϸ硣üĿŸϣ΢΢һЦᣬȴͷĵط͸˹ȥҲһʧɫ
Lһ̾˿˵ϣȷˣ
ţעԵ޷֡ϵ˵ͷҲǳĬţû˵˵öԣǰôչԵ޷֣ȴͻȻɱһձа̡
ϻͷңܲҺᵥһᡣ
Lͷ˵ȻѾڤ飬ôҸСʱȻͶ̥ȥLǵָƽʱץһЩ֮⣬о͸λҰȥͶ̥
Ȼϲڤ飬ǾͱͶ̥λʣڤͲȥͶ̥ô
ǵģûǰҲܹڤ鲢λôͨһֹŴʥʽ󻹻ڹһӡǣǾֻ˼֤ˣһЩ𣬿׵ĵʿҲϿֹڵġ
ҺLԾľ˳ȥҺLճûãҲǸˣȻѷŸϣ͸İСʱ


278 һΣһζ
ҺL˵ظ֮ǰҲлһĹæûлڵظסȥͶ̥ԺȥҲһһ
ҲֻпԵˣڸߵʱҲǿ޵ϡﻩģͲһһ˵ˡ
ҺL򳤸ˣҲǣȥͶ̥ʱɫܹ֣Ҫ˵ûŮӦø˵ģŮĿ޺Ҳôˡ
򳤺ԺҲ˳·ܵǰסùȥһϰ壬ȻҵİȻҵĽϴθ绰û뵽ڵĿݻͦѸٵġ
ѽҲеˣLǰѽʱҲ쳣ȣѵܿһоȵʱҵȻǺݺݵҫһ£ѽǰ˰ѽ˭
û뵽LȻԥľ˵ѽǰһȻ֪⽫ʲô̶Ҳ֪LĻҷ֪϶ǺͶˡ
L¾仰ͦĵģLž˵ϧôһѺýˣûˡ
ҲԲѾ˵ѵᡣȻǼ䲻ˡ
ߣ󾫲࣬һĸһֻҪһ͹ˣָУԼ뽣Ĭȶ½
һL˵仰һ߿Lŵһİ˰ѽ棬˵ιιղŵĻòƾûʸ˵ɣ
֪ҵ˰ѽоһѽһ㡣Lޱ˵һǰڿᣬڻһɫװȷĸоͦ˧ģҲеڣôûҸLء
С
ҾLһ죬һLųȥ
ʱŵLãһüСʱĳȵģLһ߿һ߳ʣȥģ
ȥҺԥĿڣһҪȥһأҲ֪ȥô컢ûС
ӿ㳡ԱߵͣҺL˳ӣڻΪʱȽɣ㳡ûжˡ
ͻȻԶһʮСͳҺL˹ߵҺLǰ˫ֺʮڵλʩǻ㵽λ˿̻ᵽطԸڴ˵Ⱥλ
ǻ𣿡üͷԱߵLСʣλӦòСɣ
šLֻǵ˵ͷһ
СҲҺLǲǸߣŤͷŲȥҺLϽϣСߵϴβ״ߵ·
ʵλӵģǸСȥܿ죬Сдһſڣʱſ˻ͦ࣬Χ棬һЩο͡
СһЦ·ȻҺL˽ȥ
ҽȥһܶʱȻվһ棬м仹һܴķҲ޷𣬲֪ʲô
ǻأҳԱߵСѯʵСָŷ·һ˱ңڷǰ澹Ȼǲ״
Ǿǲ״𡣡С͵
ȥ״ﾹȻǻȻ֪ݺʵģû룬ǾǻŵķһĸԼжû˸Գʲô
ǵĻܴʦҲԳ棬ȻȻصĻΪʲôܱ֮ΪҾͲ˵ˣΪҲ֪Щ̵䣬ţƾͶˡ
û뵽״ﾹȻǻҡҡͷ走ģզأǰӻǻܴʦĵأҲͶ٣ҾͳŲ״ʣιУأ
û뵽ΧЩһȻͷңͻȻˣЩòƲϲ˵ɺУ״ȵǺܺã˰ָ֣ŷǰŵ˵绢ҷԵԺҪһжȥǰµҲ״绢Ϊҵӡ
ܹȥʱȻѾǹͷˣ˫ֺʮ۾΢գﻹڵʲôһץŲ״ӣ˵忴ôϴˣУ
ͻȻLһӾͰ˻Ȼæ˫ֺʵѲأˡ
ް״зȵİ˰֡
ŵĻҲˣûлͷֻ˵СӣСӻȥɣ㣬ҪǸҵˣˣԼɣ˵ĻǲģԼ߰ɣԺⲼˣǰʲô⣬ٻûܹʵһжǾˮ£һΣһζѡ


279 ׺
ˣɶΡҳԱߵĲ״˵ϲȾƣһٲûţôУ
ܳСӣ˭˵ȾƾͲģ״澹ȻվŸܱ뺷ĺУϻһ̣ɫϻһӵľζ˵ӺȾƳԷΣûǵǸ
̩״ͻȻתһۣвΪʼҲ˵ˡ
״ŴϵЩ˵ȳȥһ¡
ǣЩһ״﹧Ҫеĺж˳ȥ˳ְŸˣϾֻң״壬L֮ǰǸ׵ĺС
״ȿңӦ𣿡
⣿šҡҡͷҲ˵ţӦ˵ǴûɣûĶҶǲŵġ
绢ǰ̫캦飬ֻأ꣬ȥҿԿºڣһꡣ״΢Ц˵Σ⣬Ż߲ţǴڵģ㻢ıӦˣҿһ֣Ҳʦ׾ŵı⡣
üͷŲ״оһ˵õб۵ģ˼ҲǺȷˣ̾˿ҲԸģ̾˵аɣֲҵС
һҲᵱеġСġ״һЦòƲԸϼ˵æ˵绢ձҲ״£Ժм£ƹ˽ǰĶ
ϿңȻŷͷ
̩ȥһһ䣬ԺɨصĹɡ״ﵭ˵
ȥУҪɨصĹһ๤벻ôҸҪڣͻȻһԵLסңҡҡͷ
룬סˣʱҲڻǰ֣վûңֱӸ׺дӺ߳˴
Ѿʼѧϰȴˡ״һϲɫĵͷιﰡôúǱߵĺвࣿ
ͬԴкηֱ𣿡״ﵭһЦ
ҲԣǺС˼ĵ˵ͷͻȻ뵽һòưƭˣ走ģѾƭң
״ЦſʣΪ𣬴Ӳƭˣ㵹˵˵ôƭ㷨
ѾĽȥǸʲô֥˵ûɶΣգץ֪֪Ҳˡ˵
ҽȥץûа̰ԼҪǱˣʲô£״һЦ˵ˣСһԸʦҲмƣȥ㻢һɣ̫أԺǲ̤ⲼˣȻѪ֮֡
˵겼״ʹ󲽵߳ҳıӰʵι㻹ûôȥأ
СӾȻ𻰣һ˾ûӰˣҿLɸֵ˵ȥƽʱͦôôղǸһ³
£𾴡L˵Ȼᣬܱ֮Ϊ϶й£ܱЩո㶼Ҫüǵطĺаɡ
ҸоҲԣⲼĺܵ˵һԶ볾ĸоҪЩҪѧܵеҪò١
LʱҲ˵ˣҲҪˣǸ֯Ѻ꣬ҲкܶҪ죬Ͳˣ»ԣԵټ˵LҲͷߵˣӣôҲһȻ˵߾ߣôҲҳԶٷ˼˼ɡ
ˣȥһɣⲼһᣬҵ˻壬˹ͷһװĻееӣҲһ࣬ô̫С
ҵʱһ̴أߵʣ尡ôͻȻ뵱أҿɲʲôӦ
ԭ̴أ仰ҲһЦһƨԱߣҵԴһ£˵û
СæӰͳϣ̣һڣܵӣϾ˵ʵ͸̣ʱˬʱһãͻ˺ܴ󡣡
šҵ˵ͷû˵֪»϶Ҫѵġ
ָϽڣԺ鲻һŲ˵ӣⱲҪŻףڸ˵ٶʵҲʮʱΪǮͺܺãʮΪȨãʮΪǵʱа̵ɱȨоǮҲˣȨӦˣǲǾأ
԰ǮȨȢϱޣޱߡҺٺһЦ
ˣ


280 سɶ
˫ۺܿն˫۶̻˵ҵʱҲģʱ򲻶ϧܶණͺñ˵ɣʱҲ޸ǳöŮ׷ء
ûůô
㣬ʵ˵ٺһЦһ֣ҲͲ٣˵ʱ͸оҪǮŮܸԼҾһһܾˣʱɲڣΪ˿ڷɱ˷Żô
ʱɵģǺҲ֪ж٣ҵһθоӦʮʱɣһŮĺܰңҲܰʱʮ꣬ǮȨҲоԼܸˣȻȢ˶١
ڶˣһ֪Ȼɱġ̾˿˵ʵɣҲôŬûкӣҲȥҽԺûκ⣬ûкӣ˵¹ֲ֣
ӣõʱҸңҸҲҶȥҵʱˣʵǱӦҡҡͷ̾˵ڵȷ˵ʲô绢˾ʹӲ֪ôдֻΪϣһЩ飬һǰҺˡ
ҿԱߵĻ壬ϵƺܶˣ̾˿һѱס˻壬û壬أʦʦĸأһʱ䣬Ǳæһ㡣
šᵽʦʦĸڻЦˣ˵СӣԼƽʱСĵ㣬⣬ǺΣյģû¶ѧ㶫ɵġ
šҵ˵ͷҲ֪Ϊɶů⡣
ͻȻ쳣ࣺУõɻ£֪ˣҵһ㣡
ôءҺٺЦ𣿡
ûǻˣˣ˵ҲɣԺӾˡͿˣҲһЦ˵ϻ쵰˹Լúñأ˾͸Ҵ绰
ӵģֲ椣˷ҵ绰ѡЦ
ֺͻ屧һ£Ǻˡ
߳ʱѾˣϸһ룬ʵҲûɶˣ˵Ļ𳵣Ҫسɶ
ɶһء
һصɶʱѾǵˣƤžǻۣ»𳵣һӵζǱ߿ˣջе㲻ϰߡ
߳վҲû绰֪ͨǣڻվſ˸⳵Ϳ򸻴ãԿ״ţһȥŵߵķſڣʱԺģ۾ڴ·ء
ҳȥͱס磬Ц走ģˡ
ȥå羹Ȼһƿң˫أԵģľӣв
ȵȡͻȻһ£˴۾е㲻ţСӣôˣָȥɶʱİ
ϸյģ׾أǸɽûжҳʡ
ë˵ȥǸԺͻȻ˸⣬Ūﲻٵأ⼸쵹ԽԽ˱ץˣ⼸ʮ˵ίǱѾץֵ˳ˣûɶ¡
ţץֵҲˡҲһϲϾЩִɲʲôģ
ˣˣǸɺɺǰ컹ҹأ˵绰ͨһ˵һ·˵һֻ̤ɲǺϰֻ̤߰ᷭ
㲻һֱ˵ֻ̤ԶôҰһۣʣ˵ô
㲻Ǿ˵ô
ҲҰҹֻ̤ҲǸС˼㲻ǹô˵ͷ˷ֻ˵绰Լɡ
ҵ˵ͷֻ˹ȥҵʱɽľ˵ץܳͲˣֻ粻֪ɶطˡ
绰һŽͨɺɺڵ绰Ǳߺ񻹸˯ѣʣι˭
ңֵġҹװúܵͳ˵ɺɺôиɱ˰Ҫܵ顣
ˣ»Իԣ֪㣬ϽԵùݽңҪȥסһʱ䡣ɺɺǱ߿֨֨Цܲ
㣬סɶŮܲ׵ĺòá
ȥиϢ㣬ʱܣ֪ҳԷϽСʱԺ󣬸ԴùſŶǵãƯǸɺɺ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
군ˣһݶʮ椵ľСѾͷһǿˡ̾˿˵Ի
Լȥ¡Ұһۡ
˼ǰ컹ң˵ұ˵Ҫ֪ˡ
ȫģϾȥԣ룬ô


281 Ϸ
ӾΪһٻԳԼ׵ֵܣҵĻЦͷ˵ãȥɣС椵Ⱦˣʵֻ̤ҲǲܣҪɣȻҽ㡣
Һֻͨѡһ£ܵԼ任һ·ѺɶĹһ£׼׵ųš
Եùʵ򸻴ͦģҲֵľ룬Һܿܵ˸ԵùſڣʱɺɺһɫTһţп㣬ŸīŸء
С㣬֪ڵĸ˧أЦǺǵ߹ȥɺɺһҾȡīܹȻľ§ҵĸ첲ǰߣ˵Ҹܣ벻֪
ɶܰұѾͷһ§첲ʱе㲻ȻϺ飬붼졣
£
Ҳ²¡
Ҳ²
Ͻ˵´㣬㶼˵ҿ϶²ѲݵǮ˧ôҰһۡ
ɺɺܸ˵˵֪֪СҪɴˣ
ҿ϶ֱ֪ƭ˰ҿɵѾͷ˵ϴεľ黹ûȡ
ǲǣǹںһݣҪһнʬδ˵ĵӰȥء
ݽʬô
ɺɺͻȻץҵĸ첲ʹҧиȥ۰ֲʹ˵ֻѾͷİ۰
ɺɺòײˣݽʬ
Уǽʬ˰ɣôѲŮһţɻʣɺɺҡҡͷ˵ǣŮţỹǺѵõģѾˣҪǱСûϷݣΪҵôҪԺҳɴˣҼ涼ŶӵģԸϽϧһĻᣬ˳ұСҪǩʲôġ
УŮšʼȦ̫ˣ˵ѾͷĵӣǸȦʵ治̫á
Ľʺްɡɺɺ˵ˣ˳ȥǾ鿴ɣǾڲԶĵطġ
УʬƬӦôֵʡ
ɺɺһ˵˵㲻ʬҲܳİ
ֵ˵˭أرʱǸߵȽʬһЩ͵Ƚʬᱻȵɡ
˵ĺܶһ
ұͺܶ
Һɺɺһûһţûһһ⳵֪ԭǻڳϷھŵŵططԭһĽŶԣھȻһЩʱڵĽϷĵصˡ
ɺɺǣҵߣ滹ͦ󣬺üأսȥͿһȺһϷкܶȺݰɡ
ҺɺɺûͻȻһ˧ʮһɣһĲϿļһȻһ˹ɺɺʣɺɺôŹһһо籾ء
˵ң΢΢еüʣ˭ʲô
е㲻ˬˣ˵˼ͺһɺɺٺһЦָǸе˵ⲿһţ磬ҵĴѧͬѧ»Իԡ
磿Ŷǰ˵ƾųе˧ΪʲôСѧͬѧ֣ʱüЦҪ֣˵ãǳ磬ǸﻹһЩǩգȻһЩȥ͸Ѿˡ
еĿһϲǩһ㾴һߣҾһɣһ֮ǰ˵˲ˬˣҺǺһЦʣǣ磿Բ𰡣Ҳ̫עЩƽʱ»ĸ裬ӰͿүģеªˣ˼
Ǻǣû¡絹û¶ˬӣֻЦ£Ȼɺɺ˵ɺɺȻңҸ˵ºļϷⲿϷ׻ģҪúðջŶ
˵ת뿪ˣɺɺٺһЦ˵»ԻԣⰡʵ¸˲ģôͰѾˡ
ǣһǱȽϲСʼ򣬸㲻ΪʲôڵСŮϲЩʲôνĻУҪʵûʵҪûɤͿһܱ֮Ϊ֡
ԻԸ磬ȹȥ籾ȹɡɺɺžͳ˵
ҵ˵ͷ˵ȥɣȥɣԼ￴ǡ
ϾĹȻҲ̫ˬǸ磬Ӱ˼ҵĹ
ǰʵҲû˼ϷͦģҳǱ߾Ϳ˹ȥһȻʿʲôץһʬ´žһŮϲһʬʿ֮Уʬһ¡


282 ˣ
ʿһһ٣ʦͽʦõһϵģͽܣһļ࣬úòÿͲ˵ѾһЦһ
룬ĸͶ̵ݰɣҲû˵ʱһȺװ·˼ұͦ˼ġ
ϽϽģѳúã׼һ
һĺˣ˶ɢˣϢҪ˵Ϸÿ˶ԣҲ⣬æܵݱϣʣݣܻܲɫɶģ
һӣŸīڵϺأһңȡīʣСӻʲô
ץ㲻㡣Ұ뿪Ц˵Ʋһۣ˵УСӴȥױȻǸʬ
ԲۡﰵһԱ߹ĳ񣬾ȻһʮŮҸŮӣһ£ŮŤСƲһۣ˵
ҸŮܿ͵һܼªĻױңǸɺɺҲأһҽüǸŮǵСʲôǹĵطʲô
¸磬˵ױȻݽʬġСһ͸ûйͷһ˹ȥüͷƿ˵ע㣬ǹĵطǸױʦһ°ɡ
˵һױʦһӾ˹ߵǰ£ױʦҲǲֱӰһĶҪǮһĨŪԺͿ˸ں졣
ʬӵôҳױʡ
ݵ׽ʬֲҡ˵ԺŤͷɺɺ죬ɺɺһӣĻֻҵʹģЦԺٸңҾͰЩƬȥ
һԼĸһҲвҾ˵ŪԼϲԼˣ㷢Ҳû֪
С
װܿͻˣһ峯·ȻɺɺҲԸҽϷԭݵǸʲôʬһţҲǣһװԣһɫƤ£һţп㣬ϻ˵㵭ױͷҲŪ˧ˡ
һױͲˣԭҵͷǸױʦŪһЩ
ιǣǽʬǲе㲻ƽҳԱߵĳԹɺɺЦǺǵ˵˰ɣ˼һţ׼ס
ܿ쳡Ͱᵽһ棬еĹңľǳʬôŮǷֵģһŵ֪ԭŮǾȻ㡣
ҿǿŻ񳤴ģʱеСأܿ͵ƬˣԭһֱɺɺĳҲɺɺˣܵԱȥֽ㳤̵ֽģԭȥҪǩģһ룬ôҲǸԱˣҪǩʲô̫ˡ
λע⣬׼ˣ
ײģæһ˽ȥȻײĸǾ͸
Actions
ݽˣȻݵŮⴳ˽˽ʬĹײģȻʼҵϷǱ˳ҪҧݵһŽʬһ飬Ҫ
ɵĹײԭǷյģͻȻͱƿˣȻ¶ʮֿ־ı飬񿴵ʲôֲĶһҲݼãҲ֪Ǹϳˡ
һסĲӣȻҪҧĲӡ

ͻȻԶĵݾͽˡ
ô£ŻûҧôʲôݳҴ
ݣʬѵҪôȻʲôܺһŮӹ𣿡Ļش
ҡҧ
ʬôĶҡҡͷ
£һΣסĲҡͻȻԱߵĹײľʹˣ˧վװBĳ˵÷ſȻˡ
𣡡Ҵұ趨ǲ˵ģȥ籾дģҲ֪ĸԲдľ籾Ȼǽʬǵöƽһ㰡
ȥ˵һȭϴ˹ʶԱһ㣬˳־һȭ°ʹȥһ»ҸˣһӾҴڵϣܳݣҡ
ιʲôôˣһӾվұ˵ղųҲúᰡȻϷҪ浶ǹĸɲܸӾ
ˣܳ˵羹Ȼһ˦֣˳ȥһŭһ¡
ʵղŲôصģ½һ°ɡһǸ˵Ҳ˳ȥԱҧгܳһˣƣ


283 
ʵһ治⵷ҵģֻҿóղųһȭͷҪ㣬ҹƵ࣬ҴһȭʵҲȻӦѡ
Щ˵ûйңһľȻڲˬǸ磬Ǹ绹ǵһˣƣΧһ̩Ļһ˵ǣղһȭ̫ˣӣƽʱеСһֱˣƣ翴ˣúá
ּһǵʵҲеƮƮȻˣһǸо治
ɺɺʱҲܵұϣŭղôظɶ
ѵһ֪㿴ҲװˡЦеĳɺɺ˵ɺɺѾͷô˵ҲǸٶɶûӦҲ֪粻ɶ񣬲һֱû˵ѡ
ܳˣǸ˭˭˭ױһ£ȰⳡϷݹȥ˵ԵģǼӻһšǸָҴ
Ȼֱڽ˻ױңƤʲôģ˸ŨױѷҲŪú͸ղųĺȻֿʼǺ˳
¾ˣԺĵˣŽչչʱݻָ˵Ǹ˭˭ϼݵû
С
ʵϷĸо治ܺ棬ԼżϷָоˣڻױжױʱɺɺҲͦ˵ģ˵Сã͵һŵ
Ҳ˭뵱һҲһ仰¶ѡҺٺٵЦͻȻҸое㲻ĸоڿһһͷһױſڳһһ̵վſ˵أָָġ
ʱ֪鷳ˣ͸ɺɺ˵ɺɺȻԼ߰ɣһеҪ졣
СҪɶȥɺɺһߺܺʣ˵˵Ů˲ģҪȥ硣
ûȻǵŶҿݺܿ㣬˵͸㰲Ÿýɫˡɺɺߵʱ򻹲ԸңȻŸСıľͳ˻ױҡ
ܿ컯ױҵ˾Ͷ߹ˣжױԺҲû뿪ȼһ̣
̸ճ꣬ͷɷ˹϶ľ
ǣĵİҿͷЦҿ⼸һＡͦģһӣƽʱЩС컹һ
ȥһҲ˵ŹӾʹԲۣרҵġ
ܳүģǸϮ㿪⼸ӣͳҵľ֤
Ĳжݶһص㣬¾죬ﶼͨã⼸һһ˵ͣһɻĿҵ֤æ˵ǳǼһİɣӹž͸ʵ㡣
û뵽㻹Ǿ죿羹Ȼ˽ָңǼһ˵ҴҺ͸ɳúܣϻһԷţҲֵס
ȥүġ
һʱ˵Ҿ˹Ҷһ£ǸһȥһﾹȻ˶ûһֻüȻҵҵͷϣæͷ׵ǽǡ
ЩӴҲǴҵϣۣЩһҲ湻ݵġ
ʲôЩå
ͻȻɺɺȻ˽ɺɺҪЩһһҲüͷ˵ˡ
һ˵һҲͣˣߵǰһŵ˵СӣΪǸС˲ãǷַӵ飬ԼжԶԶˣҪǸҾͽ˴ȣԡ
ȥոڡҺǺһЦͽϵţϴүһˡ
ԡһвĿң˵ת߳˻ױңһҲ˳ȥ
㻹װɶȥ˵һ£Ҳˡɺɺҵ֣Сʣ۲ۣ
ëӺɷԴỊ̇ȥ㣬۰ҧ˫ֶľˣٺһЦһסӢ
˰ɣϽߣȥҽԺɺɺңߡ
ȥҽԺϻһûҪǩء˵ɺɺһĴô죿
ٽһ£ͳ绰硣
ܿ绰ͽͨˣǱ˵ιСӺɺɺ˹զҵĻ¥µĻԾˡ
أұˣԵģ˵ˣȥҡ
˵Ժֲ壬ӵĵͦģҲͨԺҲܼࣺ壬ұˣϽҽˣҪѳһ


284 
ʵ˵ʵҽԼҵģҪǲǸͻһҲͷƽ˾ˣôѾģһһ㡣
ҽŻȸɺɺܵһ֣ʵҲûɶ⣬ǺܶѣŪԺҴɺɺһԹԺʱ䣬ߵˡ
պôҲҴ绰ˣǱʣСأҹɡ
ϳǵİó̳ء
ɺɺһ߻е㵣ĵ˵ӣڲʱŵ㡣
֪İɡҵ˵ͷɶЦأǳɶйֵĸֳʱʵڲиһ绰ŵǡ
ܿһɫķͣ·ߣ峵û£ҽеϽ
æɺɺ˳Ȼ˵Ϸĵص㣬˵ͷȻһţӷ˳ȥ
·Ҳͨͨ˴壬Ժ񻹴Ŀһɺɺʹ˵ӾǷģȻ˵ԱǸС˭أ
ͨѡæ͵һ˵Ѿ£Ӹͨɶ
˵ŴͰѳӿһſڣͻȻžͱˣһ񹤴һ鲼ڴһƨ
ȥ磬զأôȥذשĵСҿ磬ģϻǺգҲÿں棬ɺɺڸʻġ
Եģˣ㲻˵Ҫ˸ɼôⲻȥ͵ֹôǰǸɶˣһ˵ͻȻǰںϴѧǰһֱţԺ˾У˺ܶࡣ
ܳһȥ͵ֹܣұ㣬͵˶ٸ˵žʹ鲼ڴ˸ֹܻкܶ廨ŵĶмש
˵ֹһ࣬ʵשġ
浱Ǽǻˣзȥ͵ô
ǰ濪Ĵȴӵģ׾˵Һúÿŵģ㱻˸ȥҷӰæҶûӰС죬ܸˣƮģ˭˭
壬ûšҿŴģоһǲǵͷģ붼ۡ
ˣСͱˣˣ׼߷ӰҰȺʰٸ绰ɡ岻˵ãһ˵æȡֻ巢˸ţѵַ˹ȥȻ˵˾ȼ֡
ȶŷȥԺ˿һ·ֹأһ߸ɺɺ˵ɺɺӣȻǰ³ں濴ǼȺˣԺ۸˵ֵľǡ
ӺܿҪˣһƬСɭ֣ɭɭģĹƬĺõطǰھһٶ׵ĵطͰɺɺȥ
Ȼſ˵ط
ʱɭм˲ûйǵʲôҲˣÿ϶ľ
ԭһ˹Щ˶ûʲôݻ׼߹˭
һ³˾ȫ˽Щȫû뵽ҾȻ
ҲʹˣֱӴҡڵǰ𣺡˭Сܵģվ
񹤣һмӡ
ܳôүү˵أש˵羹Ȼʹ򿪴ӣͳһשųȥ˵ʱʮңһ½ʵʵ˳ȴϣ۵óֱüë
ȻûɶˣȫҳǣͻȻԭһƬ־Ȼֳˡ
ȥԭʵ͹ģֶڻһ磬ǰӳ˵ҵ˴ֶӣ
崩·ҲƣҲǿҲǴģϿ˲٣ȷûֶȶִңûд򲻻ֵĵɣ
Ҳû˵ʲô˵ʹĿڴͳһֹܣ˵ˣ£ɶ
˵ͳȥһһ󺺵ԴȥԱһ㣬һ´˼ϣ۵ô󺺳
æøģû뵽羹ȻǸڴܣŰשⶪˣʱʱóŶӵľʲôģʲôⶪ˾ˡ
ôĴ򷨣Щ󺺾Ȼûȥ򣬱ϾżóһӵľϻǺ۵ģȻޱȣҲֻǲסʣµ߸һЦĳ˹


285 Ϣ
走ⲻѧԭһȻȥԮһһ1V3Ĵ壬һ1V0磬ǽһҪ߸ȥҵĵ˻Բۡ
߸󺺹ҲǮͣҲûԸȥʹӲƴȥ棬߸˹
Ҳɵİ˭վתͿ߸󺺣׷Ҫһ٣ҵʱֱ踽壬С浽
ͦڵģʱҲûûеƹֲָͣ˰죬ڻ˦߸󺺣㵽һݴ
ôãҲ۵ҲҴɵʲôҲǺܴ󣬳˵ͻᱻ֡

ͻȻͷһЦͷƤʱϵģ̧ͷһһۺɫװŮӣұ֦ϣһЦеĿҡ

ʲôվĳ˵ԭһΪʵǺԸûʲô⣬֪Ӧûжġ
￴ҿ֨֨ЦЦе˵ѵūҾͲô
ﻹͽ̡Ȼ￴͸һһѾ֪ǰһֻ꣬ĻҶ˵ʲô
ˣʦûȤʦҿˮϳˣӶɳˡ˵źʲôһͻȻһӾˣҲˣתʦ滹ڴܵļһǣ֮ϣǻḴɽֻһΣϣԼúðա
ǺſջĶңΪʲô͸¶ЩϢأҿѯ
̾˵ȻǶңſջһֱڵĴ󵱼ܸ͸¶ЩϢѾǼˣܸЩʲôͿʦˣֻ˵ɽĻеֶϣġ
˵ˣҵøϽȥˣסǡ˵ԺﾹȻһֻ֦꣬һݴԾͲˡ
Ҳ𾯵ӦǷ嵽ˣæȥɽҪʼˣ飬ұһҲûˡ
ܹȥһȻʮ죬ʱѾЩˣǳҲǱѯʡ
·Ѿˣȴûɶ£磬Ǹûһ˴ʱһߵĵϣһ˷ܵ۸ղŵĴأ˻һδģ
ڣһķ˹ŴԵģмܴҲҡ
ܳĻû˼ǴһѾӾͰ˴ſˣԼһȺˬһģ
翴ܻˣҲǹЦ˵û°ɣûҸղŵİשжͣһһ
ҿصİשֿһڴôװİǶAΰɣ
ɺɺһˣҲܹһ§ҵ֪ܡɺɺȻЦңȴܸһ㡣
˰ɣ߸ˡ˳Ųɺɺ§ҵ֣ҽ飬ĵƬʱ֤ƵԻˣҰҶӵ˽⣬пôɡ
壬壬磬ǹһ£˵顣Ҹɺɺ˵󣬾ߵһߣΧû˵ĵط
壬Լ˶һɻģߵǰֵʣСӸɶɶֱ˵͵ô
Ҳ綷죬ѴϢҲֻüͷǴɫ䣬ΪǺſջҪܳһʱռɽĶû뵽ô졣
Ҳ֪ɽǱܴʦӡ棬ɲʲôŪȣ߽ӡô򵥾ġ
ɽҲ֣ӡ֮ǰҪֵֻȻ󷨹һϣǷӡˡ
Ҳ˵ڵĺɽҲǸǣֻǽ⿪ӡǳ˸ûôѺɽųǵˡ
ͲһˣȻ֮Ϊ˵Ҳ׼ȷ˵ǽʬȽ׼ȷɽ͸˽ʬ࣬Ҫҵһֵʬ壬ȻҪĻֵʬ֮Уֻͨãɽͺˡ


286 һ=磿
Ҫһֵʬ壬ұǺͱͬ壬ȻĻǻϣ͸˵Ļǽ빷ûɶ̫ɽıλ־֪ʲô˰ɣ
ʵɽıкܶ˵ģʲôܰʬְкܶ࣬ʵɽıһɽ
ԣԳɹ֣ڶʯͷ֮٣˵һɽˣɽӹйʷҲôһɽһ
ԺɽҪͱҵһɽ壬ܿʼѶȣҲеѣرѣǶû뵽ǾȻôҵʺϵ塣
ô죿ҳȥھʹıߣ⡣
˼һ£üͷȻ󿪿˵֪ͨ׾ŰɣȻץȫ
ҲǵͷԴ˵һؾϵץֵˣ׾Ǳ߾ϵ˵Ժ役Ͼһ뿪
ɺɺҲ߿˹˵ιԻԣû
壬ϽȥæɣЩҺҲﲻϡﻹЩ֪֮ģԸһû⣬ɽȻƴ綼Ūҡ
ڶܻʱºɽĿֱֲӸסϵ¹⣬ҲͻܴʦĵõɮܶԸỹҳܴʦأ
Ҳ˵ͷȻһɺɺָ˵ˣСҲ𵽴մݵģô˵˼ҲǼųģԼеִ硣
ͨѣͨѡεЦһ£Ҳǵ˵ͷȻҲ뿪
ιСӣϷ˲Ҹ㰲ŸɫǸݿˣҲǸæ߹Цеġ
Ļ˼氡ҡҡͷ˵ݣæɣһ顣
ŶǿϧˡݹҲǿݲ򵥣ϵϾЩϷ涼ҪһµģҪǣһŵĳѾץˣ˾ʧҲ󰡣ȻҪ취ѳŪ
ϧʲôϧⲻֳɵ˲ôҪһšԱߵ練۾һЦеĴŵݼϣƲһʣ㣿
ʱɻǴõģű߻и鲼ڴݹ񹤴ء
ղ֪⣬ɶֳָ塣ŵ˵
ʧʧֵܣҸоⲿϷжرʺ㣬˵ʣֱ֨֨ΪĽɫæ
һƲ죬˵ɶжأһŶھأҪһţȻղһŹƵظ²С
һԥ粻֪˵ɶ
ѵôѾ籾ҿҸ¾籾
˵žʹŵķ˹ȥǱ߲֪ڸЩʲô
һ߶߶ģ²ԣҲôŻһֱһߵɺɺЦһ£߹ȥ˵ȻȥϢɣʱҹƻæˡ
Ŷɺɺ˵е㲻ˣͻȻ뵽ĳɶƲǺ̫ƽ˵ˣ㻹ȵסһʱɣʱ価ٳš
ôˣɺɺüʡ
ܶרչδŮģһץȥɽȥϵ˸ѣȻԼԿ׵ݸɺɺ˵ԿףȻȥɡ
أɺɺӹԿ׺һ㡣
ңָžǱں͵ݲ֪ɶ磬Ҿ˵һõȻȥɡ
šɺɺ˵ͷ
պɺɺʶһŮҲҪȥڳǽҲǺԶ·ĻʮӾܽˣҿ뿪Ҳġ
ɺɺߺҾȥ
Ҹ߹ʱں͵ݼҵʲô
߹ȥҲ˸ţԭ绹ԼȡһһţԭһŽʲôʧҰҲǵ˵˵ձ֣ҲɣȻ˵Ҫȡһй֣Ȼ־ͳˡ
Ȼݺֵĺûݺ̸ں˵壬ǴҪй
ҲеƢãӰڵңҪ⵼ֱò˵ˣ˼ҵݿϲƱɱصķһžͲˣŪ֣Ͷ̵ڿ㶼ס
ϾãŰֶʧ
ȻгһѹءóһͬǩԭһȥһԼģֱӴһǩҷ͸оܻô治ףҪ޵ġ


287 Ϸ
ȻͺЩԱʼϷˣԱĵ棬黹вСüǵӰѧԺҵ׵ģһÿˮˣҷûҲǳ档
ܿҪĵһȻʿʦͽľ飬ʱ鲻֪һ滹һȻ˶Ҫȥ㡣
ⲻǿеʽô
ҺĴһ£ʱˣԭĹƬרеϰߡ
ƬͨƬӲͬ漰֡
ҾһӰɣӢġʬҶ˵ɣʵҶֻǿˡʬƱԼɼʵʬĵʱü¼ö˶Ƽˡ
⻹ģǡʬڲԺⲿϷ磬ȫûʮ꣬ӢҲʮһȥˣλûлʮһλǶծڼУʬ˺üű֡
ļλݣʱƾ衶ʬϣǵڣȴü䲻ãŮǸǻϾ񲡣üɱɷΪɢڼҲľȴûþȬˡ
ǹƬеĹˣŵʱġʬʱǿ϶ǵʲôණ
Ӧûһ㣬ΪʬԼӢӰܶķˮ֮ʵʵģ˵Ӣ汾µģ˵汾µڰǳЩˮ֪ʶ¡ʬԭŶӻ˵ǵĲʲôͨĹ֡
ðɣ˵еԶˣÿĹƬ֮ǰҪ񣬽ĵÿ춼ҪһΣϾ¹ϵԼ飬ҶǱв޵˼
˶ڹ㣬Ҳףȥһ㣬֪⸽ûйҿĳˣڤ;
˶ϵĲʱ羹Ȼ˶ˣЦеȥڿһѰһӣģ˵˵㣬Ǹݣûأ
ݿǼŵģɫŰˣæ˫ֺʮ۾˵·Ұ֣ӷ𣬰ӷ𡣡
ֻһ¡
ͻȻҾͿһôһŮװŮ
ֻɢֻһֻ»Ұѣüͷ˫ֳץȥ绹ûвʲôء

ҳķ
ν˻žһЩ˴һܰѵСŵ˫ȷ޵ʵҲһ
ǰλƶ˵ٵõɮǵҸִһܹ
һλҰһŵûһɵĿҡ
ҹִһŵתƮߡ
ȻǺܵڿ㣬Ժ̧ͷʣ𣿡
šҵ˵ͷüܣĹƬĵطȻйڹ
ЩҲǱŵòᣬʱҳķ磬ǿտҲһƬ֣Щ˲־ĿΧ
ҺͻӿЦǰˣųû˼ЦһЩһ⻰Ҳ֪ǲţɫԺÿ˲١
´ЦٿǾҲѵõɫ˵ԺҲߵԱо籾ˡ
βˣԭ˵Ҫȥտģһտ͸ȥˣƴŸסˣøĸˣ˵Ϸ쳾׵۹⣬ʵԼ˵2B¶Եģ뵽ɶ
ʹİˣ˳ʿżҵķȥ
ʮһʱҺŵ򸻴ã³ԺϿյģ·ϵѾǺܶˡ
Һ絽ſԺţһţ߽ȥһָȥ
ҺǰڼȻ˵ݣҲԺմϱߣżָܷʲôģڣɸɾģɺɺΧȹڳϴء
Ҳмˣɶ翴ɺɺεЦ£ԱСʡ
Ҳ˵룬ǻżô
ɣľ磬ֻ̤Ҫ˵ԺҲͲͷֱܽԼˡ
ɺɺҺ˽Ҳû˵ʲôԺЦ˵Ҳ̫ˣ룬滹͡
ƽʱϴ룬ݹˣҽѵüˣǲЦˡεЦ£ʵÿҺ綼ǻȭϴġ


288 ʦǾֳ
ļɺɺһǾܣȥϷÿ춼æʮһŻ⼸ڼϰס
һһЩаŴ޽Ʒÿһš
ʱûǺܿģ⼸Ҷûôţֻż绰Ǳ׼ôˡ
Ҳ˵Ѿϵ׽ֵˣŻ׽ֵĸֹʦҲѾˣ
ںɽǰһ죬ʱֻǴҴĵ绰˵ҳȥԷ׽ֵѾˡ
ܳţһ⳵˾Ƶȥ磬Ҳ֪ͨˡ
˷˾ƵԺҾֱ888ŷȥ
һſڣţȻ˽ȥĸأһҽҡ
һĸǴͷ壬ˣһһһɫĵۣԼʮҰɡ
һǺУЩ֣ͦŸơƶǣһɫģﻹһ飬ҽЦһ¡
һҽվ£ָλӣˣһ£λǺպëëʦĵӣλմʦĸɮλ׽ĸ֡
һͷҲһë򵥰Ҫʦë
ִһһֱһ仰ë塣
仰ôѾÿ֤ˣʦ׾ŵʦ壬ͽëëʦͽܣ֤Ժ
մʦҾͲ̫ˡ
ֲҵëĻҲǿĻһ䡣
ˣǻǼôԸɽɡմʦ˵һ䡣
š˶ǵ˵ͷǵԱˡ
ղ˵ˣ˵ˣ˵ţǾȥſջطƼƽʱץж
ˣ˵ɡͻȻĴžͱƿˣһȻʦʦĸ
ʦ߽ҡڵľҵԱߣʦĸҲʦԱߡ
ֳëմʦȻվʮЦ
ֳ˰죬ŤͷʦҲʱʦ˵֮ҹǾõʹɽȥֹɽĸʽſջЩ־Ҫ赲ˡ
ɽĸʽֵʡ
ʦ˵ͷ˵򵥵ʬõʽǻ賿ʱʼʼԺҪһֹ֮Ȼɽͺ鷳ˡ
ոĻʦӦҲûɣ뵽ʱǸ׹ҲǸմӵظܳòӣʦӾͽ˰
̫СЩʱĴˣֻɽǹʱһǸոҲޱߣȻҵȷѹһͷȴӵ
ʦˣҺʦĸ˵ǵǣסſջ֣ô
š
һ˵ͷȻһЩϸڣ޷ǾǺſջ֣ҪС֮ģҲû̫עԺѾһˣôã۳һҲˣ˷ˣ
ǷأͿʦԱߵʦĸһĳݣұʦĸʣʦĸ뻢أ
ʦĸ˵ͷ̾˵岻֪ɶǵȥУҶȰ˺ü죬绰ˣɴ಻ҵ绰ˣ
ֳˣ㲻ˣʲôõģϴһͶǸմʦٺЦ
Ըɡʦĸ̾һ
ʦɶֳҿҶڳԷҲ˵ˣ㿪ˡ
ʦԭԷأһʣ°
׽ֵģҰɻ˳
ɣ͢ҸֳܲܲɡʦٺһЦ
ָȥʦҪ׽֡Ҫ˵ﲻ治ܣǰһֱΪʦҲǸ˿ץģеСǮû뵽Ȼ׽ֵľֳ
ץֵĳԱÿ˶Ȩ󣬿ԵԼϽʡ¼СĳԱץֵľֳͳץֵˣ仰˵ʦȻԵ¼СԱ
Ҫ׽֣ʦƲһۣЦͽܰ治Ʋ㣬׽ɶʵ˵ģLɽŵ׽־ǵ׻ҪǺʦе㽻Ҷģ˵˵ô


289 һɽ
ϹҾ˵ʦɲô˵ƣͲοʵɲȭͷӲʲôģ̿϶ѹȺۡ
ʦεĿһմʦëȻ˵ƾղ˵Ǽ仰˵̻治С
ҿһ£òƸղǰ׽ֵĴʦ񵹲ǺܽҸղŵĻһ
ʦⷴӦҹǽ׽ˣӵҸء
ʦԴһ˵ץй涨ģǳԱݻȻǲ³ԱģϾλþô㻹ʵʵŰɣʲôʱ׽ֵλÿճһˣ˵ῼǿǾͲ׵ġ
һҲ˵ģʦûϣʵҵǷǵýȥɶǱʶһLܽҲҪ뷨ѣȻʱҲûע⵽һ㡣
극ԺëմʦҲ˵£뿪ˣҲûϻҲǸǴ˸к뿪ˣʦһ˶ˣҲʦĸ뿪ˣҺʹ۵СһᣬҲɢˣҲԼؼˡ
һؼԺͦĵģɳϿӴʱ䣬ҲĺԼԱߴ;ˣõŸǳ󰡣Ҳ׼ɶҵͦѵõ˯һΡ
ڶϰ˵ˣϴһ£һҲûߣҲ֪飬ɺɺûڷˣӦȥˡ
ԺϴĺȦţ߳ڴǷأԵϢ㡣
¥¥һݳ緹Ҿͳĵ绰˹ȥ
ιðɡڵ绰Ǳ߸˵
Һæ򳵸ϵ¥£Ҹһ¥ͿϾȻϢ֣쾹Ȼûпҵȴû
ƿţȥԺͿϢ棬ʦ壬ëմʦʦĸɳæأϻвٵĻƷԼɰȡ
Ͻ
һˣٶȻģҲаһЩ򵥵ĵֻ΢ħЧЧ̫
аԭҲܼ򵥣Ƿ̫ˣǻЩ򵥵ķֻҪЩҲҺõģǸëõġ
һֱæ࣬ǽеĳһ쾹ȻһٶŷЩ󣬲ëȴ˵дá
˿ʱ䣬Ѿ쵽ˣʦȥһݳ˸ȻϢһᣬڼҺ绹ܻ򸻴ȥùߣҵԼǷǸɫı档
Ҳֻһ̣ûд
ϰ˵ҵʱǱ˳ȥҲ֪ˣԭſջھڳɶϱһһɽɽ
ʮǲŸϵһɽһɽúܣǽ·ҲһС·治֪ʦôҵطġ
ѳϨͣɽԺ˶ΧһȦʦͳһӨ͸СƿӣԼŵҺ۾Ժ󣬵˳˵ȻᶼСĵ㣬ţᣬɽƺֶܶأŵǣȵɽʼʱֲܳ䲻⡣
磬壬ëմʦǽӹţĨˣȻǲãʦĸǽʬòˡ
ˣΪһСǱȥͷжʦ˵ԺСһݴԣˣʦĸæȥ
ëմʦһۣҺԼСģ˾Ȼһȥˡ
ֻʣң磬д壬Ц£˵ֻұˡ
ȥ˵׸һӣߡֿʼˣҵ־ɽ˽ȥҲȴ塣
ҹɽǺģοɽϵ֣Ũ˲٣ֱ¡
磬ǲŴߺΣյġǰѵ
ͷһۣΪҲԸŴ߰ڰ㣬ϵýſջһˣе㸴ӣʱ˵
˭üë硣
ӻ˭һָһǰļ䣬ҸŶǰţƵˣˣԺ˵ȸȥȻĻ׾ǼһڣҲʮġ
ɶüëϵԼһ㻹ǱȽϹĵģҼæ˵ǻƨϽ¡
ҵǵӴɭĵ֣Һ綼ֻˣǰ׼Ĳȥζ㿪ЩֵҰɽȥ


290 壡
·ϵʱҲѯ飬Ҳŵĸ˵һ¡
ԭҵȱſջȡһȻаЩˣҪķҲܼ򵥣ֻҪҵȻȡյˡ
˵оףſջƼνء
ҺܿɽɽɽһƬܿտĵطûľſջɽм䡣
ҺҲ⿿Χûľ֮Ķȥױ¶Һһݴ
ҶС˵ֻеˣ賿ʱ׾ȡֹɽʱͳȥЩͷ
š룬Сʣ֪ôҵЩͷſջҲСҪһһҲ̫鷳ˡ
˵˼һᣬ˵һͷ
æקסһͷʹһΣȥ湻۵ģŰͷ˹ȥӹͷԺͳ̣Ȼͷм䣬С
澹Ȼһָ룬ָźſջߵһָǴط˵ˣȻɣס׾ųˣ͸Ͻ壬һںڻġ
զо˵仰ֵֹġ
Ҳ֪ʵһֹؼʱ̻ǲӵģҺҲ˵ݴ治Ҷ±Щָˡ
ſջҲһ̳һЩѾæɽĵطӦþ¥ɣ֮գΧҲʼʼֲָ
ʱδδľ͹ȥˣҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮһʮˣſջվ˴ŶʮӰϵ߶ڽ䱸ʲôһʦһ㶯ҲûС
ͻȻһӰȻ˺ſջĴǰһȻëëʱһɫۣһ֪涼Ǻܶ
ɶ˵Ҫ䲻ôСĳԱߵѯʡ
˵Ӧþעˣ׼ãǴͳ壬һ㵲סЩħֵġ
šҵ˵ͷֻһΣպûᣬ´οɾûôܻſջˣҲǰѱаϣֻҪָңҾѾġ
ôҳ𣿡ëںſջǰЩ־Ȼ
ëһ˱Ѽŷ˵ϣȻæ𣡡
ë˵ͻȻϵķһŵƮŷΧëΧ˵硣
̫˧ˣһҪȥѧѧСĳ˵˵ͷëǰĵ˵һɽ񵽵ģʦҲǺһĸɽ񵽵ġ
ʦôɻʡ
Ҳûʦõ֮ëǰҲǸɽһ񵽵ؼ϶Ҳ
鲻鲻֪֪ˣʱЩΧëٵת
֪СȡͻȻſջܳһӰҽ¹һȻ۾ȴèۣϳëһèצββͣȻһֻè
èһë˹ȥë
ëߵЩȥèΧȻʮŷˢһֻèϣһè㱻䵹ڵϣ
иȥ̲סһβèңȻܴҲԲɣû뵽ëֱһо͸ˣ׽ֵģͻȻеΪʲôL׽ֻǵ׻ˡ
ˣ׼ãһӡԱѵ
š
Ҳǰа֮ǰ˵ǸǺſջ¥¥ȥԺߵĵӣܽȥֻҪӣͷ֮ܳպòࡣ
һԽԽˣͻȻſջϷһӴһ±˳һܼĺ˺ſջ¥
壡
һ˵꣬ҰȾſջſڳ˹ȥ
Сӣףһ֮ëһȻдԼһٶŷΧߣһǰ壬ҲлܵٶҲǲܿ͵ſڣҪȥͻȻ¥һӰ˹
һȻһֻβͣҸҪֵֵͻȻΧߵķֻͷ˹ȥ


291 
Ҳˣҧ˺ſջſջʱտҲ澹Ȼû֡
¡
¥һ죬ſջȻ֪ӦʦˣҲҵ飬¥¥ݾ˹ȥ
𣡡ͻȻݶһȻ˹̧ͷһȻһֻ׵ĺɫ֩룬ֻ֩˫ź⣬ǻһЩɫĶҺҪҧһڣҾΣˡ
Χķȫȥ֩˳ȥײһӣֻ֩뷴Ǹӷŭվ˹а֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
аŴ֩˹ȥһ֪ҵĵˣô֩뱻һ䣬ӱһ󶴣ܶɫѪ˳֩˻һһ֩
ܴ󣬼ֱ޴ɶ㣬ʱ羹Ȼˡ
޼Ǭ跨һ׳Ŵ˹ȥһֱӱƬЩƬڵϣϵЩľ徹Ȼð̣ʴ˼󶴣ݣȻо綾
ϽȥͷҲ˵ͳֻ֩뱼ȥ
Ҳһͷֻ֩սһʱҲ˷Ѱ
¥ҲԽԽſջҲԽԽо͸һ
Һܿܵ˶¥ұߵӵſڣһ߿Ӿ˽ȥ
ⲻǵɳסô
Ҿ㵵Ŀ䣬ʱǸķһͷ滹һʯͷѹţʯͷ滹һźɫķ䡣
ǻǼ˶ʮף
ҵҲĪһ˿ŭ⣬СʱЩͬѧиǷѧʱĽòˣȻڳˣҲûмԼףʵҲоνˣҲͦƵġ
߹ȥʯͷ˵ϣͷҲ˿
ˡͻȻһ˵һͷһȻǵǸ״ԪɣҲֻʬ֣ſջҡ
ˣüһ
˵ͷһЦ˵ԭǲӦЩͷģǵǸȣǻһɡ
⡣ͻȻоһﻹ˵ˣһ˵ɶͳֱӾͰͷˣЩͷԭ˿һǧˣûˮ֣һˢһչˡ
ЩͷչʱͻȻҸоһᣬԼʲôʧһǻþɡ
״Ԫһ˿ǣ̾˿˵뿪ɣ֮󣬺ſջٴˡ
ʲôֵĿ״ԪɣҲ̫˰ɣǺɽûɹſջҲʧ
״Ԫɺ֪ʲôһЦһ˵ûɽĻȷûɶɽ㲻֪˶˵ۣȥˡ
ҪߣͻȻһӴɷ˽Щɷ˲һ̫ţȻǸѣһͳ״Ԫұң
ûʲôνıѣֻǻˡ״ԪɾȻҵǰȻȥ
˵ԺӿҺ״Ԫɷ˹ͻȻʦʹǸ˽Цɶ򲻹Ҿ۸ͽܣ
ʦӽͿеһʦȻ˻Ⱥɽүˣһˣ
ҲõУʦȥһץסԴȻӽ˳һ㱻أûǱܡ
ȣʦһһʦΪı˳ҿʦµЩذ嶼˸һѺۡ
ʦ˳ȥЩҿһͨЩȫأЩڵϱQʦͳһŻķ˳ȥ
ŷһЩһɻȼܿϵȫճ˻ҽ
ӣϽȥʦ˵ԺȾ˳ȥȥԸȥ˰ɣҲæܣ״ԪҲ˳
ܳ˺ſջԺſſջĹ㳡Ȼкö֣ʮֻӣһЩ־ȻΪߣȻڶԳ֡
ӣǱߵֶǺ̫үæģһԶʹ


292 ̫Ͼ
̫үָȥ̫үȻˣǿǶʡͷӰܵԱϸ۲Щ֡
ЩִԼһ߶ʮɣʱԳţȻ˫ӿ˺ܴȴǲ붯ֵӡ
ſջ¥һʦһʮڶһźɫɷǸʮߴһɫɽװмִüĿӦþǴ˵еĺ̫үˡ
̫үôģҳԱߵѯʣ˵̫үǲ뿪ģйʵÿط̫үĴģǺ̫үҲ뿪ʡݡ
ɽָʵԺΪймִù˵ɶʱɽȥĵ̸ռˣڹæ¡絹һںı顣
ʦĸë廹մʦأͻȻ뵽ô˼ˣԱߵѯʡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪һͻȻë֪ʲôطðģһӾʹܵҺߣ˵ȥſջֵĺˡ
ֲɱģֻҪڵ£յøɸɾҪµµǿӣҲڼʮ֮߰Ұղ紵
¡
ſջ¥ɷѾڵҿ㿪˵ɽҲͦģǲлҲʦͺ̫үôá
һԵëȴҡͷ˵̫СǾֳˣûһֱûг𣿶Ǻ̫үںɽ򣬾ֳڵȺɽ
ɽüëʣɽɽһǲͶˣ
Ҳôɷһɽаë˵ǧɽָΪɽ̫ꡣ
ǵʲôˣȻֹ𸴻ͻȻɷ㴫һŭǸ쳣ķŭ滹ŵҲԣһǧ꣬òҪʱͻȻֹܳ˭Ҳ÷ŭ
˵ϻǸ̫үһ̫үʮһ
ȥͻȻǹɱһ۵Ϲ⣬æ˫ۣͻȻ߾ʹһĺҵ۾һԺ̧ͷһ
ſջȻſջΪһƬѪɫټĺſջıȻһһĹʱջԭ߶¥ĴѪĴ۾ҲһѪ޿ڣ滹ݣһ죬һȳζֻﴫ˳
ſջԭǺɽҲ̫ഫ̫ʵֲû뵽ȻǰԼ˺ſջһͱôꡣ
ȫҪһﾹȻ³һѪɫ׵ͷͷ;ֻ֣̽˶档
̵ľЩſջе֣ЩԭԳֵҲԳˣȫͷܵˡ
Ǹͷ־һ˽ȥʮ־ܵûӰˡ
ҲܣҿǸ˹һѪͷǾ˹
£ëͳһٶŷȻһٶŷȥҪסͷû뵽ЩͷϸûκεëͷһӸסˡ
ͷë棬ëҲˣʱʦѾܵǰǰӽͷͿȥ

û뵽ӽȥûпͷǷһ
ʦ˳ִͳһŷһӾͷϣ
ͷϵķ䷢һɫĵ⣬úܣǸͷû¡
ˣֲ̫ľͷǾԵ壬ܴ󰡣Ҿͺʦû𰡣
ʱǸͷѾˣʦæͳһźɫķͷϣͷ͸һһȼ
ͷɿëǸȼյͷҲæջԼ
ԼСĵ㡣ʦ˵ӽȻֱӴǹ˽ȥ
ҵȥԺһϵëãëڻϣѣһ˾綾ģ
æʣ̫ϾأûС
šæͳΨһһ̫Ͼʣǽɷĵģ֪ܲܽⶾ


293 ̫
ˣС󲻴ɡ
ҵ˵ͷҲȷûа취ˣëӣ͵ҽԺҲûΨһܾĹҲʦʦǼһܽĶȥˣëˡ
æó̫Ͼ£¶ţȻѷؿڣн»գȴа棬ͨ棬˼ͨ棬뷣
һԭѾԹȥëҲǾҵĲͱӣ䣬ϵɫĶҺð
ҿŶҺ˵֣̫һֲﻯ֣ôľ綾
˵̫ȻֲϾϹžͼصĲ֮˭֪ʲôֱ¡
Ǹſջ̫ʱҲǰ۾ڵϣһ
Ӧ̫ڼ˾Ըſջʦ˰ɣҪ֪ɲֹʦһ˽ȥˣк̫үմʦԼʦĸȫ档
̫ܿĹﾹȻҵĲӿ˳
Сģ
ҺæסԼĿڱǣԼ
𣡡
ݾ޺һȻͣʦĸʦ̫үմʦ˴˳մʦѪҲһ첲̫ү·Ҳеãʧˣֻһӣʦʦĸ˵ҪһЩ
ʦôˣ̫𣿡ҳȥѯʵ
ʦûشңǸ޴ķݾȻȼȻ¡һڵϣյð춼
ԭһҲð˳ⳡ״Ԫɺ
״ԪҲǳ˹￴Щӣ״Ԫȴһ죬ߵʦǰ˵û뵽ɱ˴󵱼ңԺſջͲˡ
ûĵģ㻹ءʦ״ԪЦһ䣬ȷͦϤӡ
طζˣطһġ״ԪɺٺЦ
ü̫үﷴȳź̫үľϹһͺ̫үǺ꣬Ӧöһ˰ɡ
̫үȻһЦĵ˵ͷЦеĴ˵ˣſջûҲãǸ󵱼ҳͼı죬ĵؼˣŮӣϹΣɺͳһٶˣξ͸һؼҰְְɡ
û뵽̫үȻʶǺ֪ԭݹϵ˵ͷŤͷ״Ԫʣܣʲô㣿
״Ԫ˵ȥҾ͸ȥܲ᲻Ҫ˰ɡ
ţһǺʥذɡ˵ͷȻʦ˹ȥ˵׾ţôǾȸˣԺԵټ
߲ͣԺлٽǳһȾơʦЦһ£˵ԺָҸ˵̧ëǸϽ뿪ˡ
ֱɶҽԺմʦë͵ҽԺմʦ˵һѾȫʧˡ
Ҳ֪ǵʱȥԭ̫ӵһӣһʼʦĸմʦǳȥģ̫ķɲһ㡣
մʦʦĸʦϺ̫үһŰǿӸˣȻʦǼ˵ʱ˵ĵͦ赭дģԼϸһ룬浱ʱôΣգչס
ҲһǸоԼͦģǰԭΪԼץ͹ˣûЩʱ֡
ʵҲԼȻֻǲ٣Ҳ٣˲ˣһ˵һ֮һֻǱȽϲˣңоͷײҵ治һı
մʦǳûˣմʦҲǺûһֻ֣ȥһ·ûǵҽԺˮϴ˿ڵʱҲֻüͷ΢ѡ
մʦëҪòˣҵʱʹ̫ϾѴ󲿷ֵĶҺ˳ҽԺԺҽԺ˸ҲȬˡ
̫걻Ǹˣʦ˵ǲûɱ̫̫꣬ɱģڻʮ꣬³ֻһ̫ǣֻһ̫꣬еڶ̫̫꣬ꡣ
̫ӦԹֻҪһǹÿ಻ԣԹᣬô̫̫аɷͻ֡
֮ںɽǽˣ˳ĽԼϴ䡣


 ǧʬ


294 Ϸɻ
Ҫְر㣬»ԣ¼Сȥɲװ˵˾ˣҪҪٿһ£
Һھֳ칫棬ֳĵȰ˵ҺأûҺڴְ
ԭҲܼ򵥣о̫û˼ˣҺһ£ϵĴְҪʲôԺǡ
ðɡֳȰҺһˣʵû취ֻе˵ͷ󻹼һ䣺Ժɾ죬ʱǣҵʱҲ˸ġ
ȻҺѾкóһʱ䣬ץˣȴǹʵϰ죬һҾǱҵʱˣʱ򻹵žֿ֤ȥѧУ֤ء
ҺԼ֤ȥ
ʵһֱ̫ϲ죬Ҳ֪ΪʲôǰһֱҲԼԭҪʱֵģѾˣҲû˴ȥıҪˡ
Ҹ֣߳оɣڳʣ簡ԺҪɶ
ȥ˵ʲôģһǧҲ͹ˡ˵Ҿӣϲģ˵ģԺ׼ɵɶ
ȥŰɣ棬챻˵ɻһĹţÿͺƺ˾ˡ
Ҳԣ⵹Ǹע⡣ҵ˵ͷ
ھ뵱ɱɽѾȥˣʦʦĸ뿪ˣëҲǻ˱մʦһȻЩҲûɶϵ
Һֱöȥ
¥ںǮǮ
Һ߹ȥһʱ澹ȻûˣЩƽʱ·Ĵʦһӣ̣ڶء
壬ͶˡһȥͳŴĺ
һƾ۾Ĳ֪ʲôأһУ̧ͷҺʣСƨھֺúϰ࣬ܵʲô
ұ˵ҺѾֵĹˣ⹤û˼׼ϰࡣ
ڿĵһ̣˵ôɵӶ׵ɱˣһʱ䣬û治ʱ򣬲ȻӣһѰɡ
ҡҡͷ˶ԴһȤҲûС
󰡣档һҲ¸һˣģȥҴ˸к߳á
һʱ䣬ѾˣͻȻҵ绰
绰һɺɺ
ι㣬ôҴ绰ءɺɺǵľϷҲѾˣǵǲӰѾ뵽˺׶ˡ
ϾҪˣ֪ɺɺʡ
ôðǡʣأ
ġɺɺ˵
ȥôһξܻȥˣɺɺû˵Ҫ뿪æһ⳵ȥ
ҸϵܵſһһӰվſڣﻹһɫ
ôͻȻҪأ¡߹ȥֵʣɺɺҡҡͷԭ׼һʱģҰֺˣҵûȥչҲ֪ģ֪ôչԼ
ˣǺúõôôͻȻأֵ߶һ£ɺɺҲ˵⣬Ҳ㲻ȥֻ˵аɣԼ·Сĵ㣬˵ҹҲ漸졣
ͻȻҺѾܾûлؼˣһֱû绰ɺɺһ߽֮Ҳĥ
ǲҲȥһʱأҲǺܳһʱûˣǵġ
˵ɾ͸ɣҲ֪ͨ磬ӴƵʱǸһģԼ߽˿һϾҪǰĻƱҲûɶһǮҾܵңʱһɻȥ
СԻԣô㣿ɺɺһȵĿңҲֵͦģȻҵʱƱʱ֪пܺɺɺһɻһλþȻɺɺԱߣǴ˵еԵְɡ
ɶͻȻ죬Ʊˣû뵽ȻλԱߵģԵҸ̾һ£һƨŴ⣬û¾ͺɺɺ䣬ܿɻˡ
ɺɺҲģʣιСԻԣǲǻȥǸŮѵģ
Ůѣ˵˼𣿡ҵ˵ͷʵӦҲŮ˰ɡ
ɺɺԵĺе㲻ˣĻСѾͷ˼ȻҲսҿķҲˣɺɺǶе˼ˡ


295 ɻϵԩ
ʵҪ˵ɺɺûеϲԼǴҲŵģֿƯӾͻСĸͨͨͣеϲҲֻеѣ˶ѣҶԸⷽ黹Ǻġ
ɺɺƲһۣеûһö
ǰϳ˳»Ի֮⣬ûһö
ߡɺɺҡҡͷ˵㣬Ϊʲôе檾ǷŮĸеľǷŵأ
ǱȽµѧ⣬ô֪ʼ
ɺɺһûһ棬ͻȻое򼱣תܽ˷ɻĲ棬ţսƤоԾôоһɺأ֣Աߵľӿ˹ȥûһʮŮӾȻھֱĿҡ
Ůӿɫ԰ף۾ӻͶѪͦҵģϸһŮӾȻһս·
λҰҹҴһæϵƤȻһֻŮƤٺҲ˼ˡ
æ˳ȥĶײ
ɶȥˣɫôѿ
ҸλɺɺһԳʡ
ûɶеѡҡҡͷɺɺֵ˵ᰡĲɣȥ
ˣȥԻ˰ɣǲǱ˵йȥȷܳ»ֻƭɺɺˣɺɺԴһӦһˣʹĵͷ
ȻԱ˵ҪʲôʲôҲֻӦĵͷֲǶԺĻ˼ģˣһ˵ɻôܻйأ
ǹƮģһĹԭŻ뿪ԼĵطĹӦöԼʱĵطղֻѵڲģ
ˣɻôͻȻˣһԩͶ̥϶ͨô򵥣ҿףһϲЩµˣ̾˿վɺɺ˵ȴűܣȥǼս죬Ҫ绰ʲôġ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôܻȥܣԼûֱӵĺô˰ˣҡҡͷߵǰս
ʱɻĸս㣬һ߹ˣһ΢ЦʣҪʲô񣿡
ȥǻǾ졣Ҹ֤أò֤ѾֳˣЦһûֳ
սҲѵģҵĻüͷʣܲȰ֤ҿһ£Ȼϵǻϣ⡣
Ǹ֤ûм¡ҿǰ⼸һŵģҲԣһ˵ԼǾҪѲɻͷһѹԼ
Դһתǵ˵ǷɻǰʱǸսİӵġ
⼸սһᵽһ϶¶˺µģ΢΢ü˵Ӧ˰ɣ
⼸սͷһ£˾һһս˵Եȣȥ֪ͨǻ
šҵ˵ͷ
ܿһʮͺӣһɫ·˳ͳҿ˹ɫе㲻Ǻܿʣʾ֤ǲźϣȻĻ
ȻĻզǲǸսں԰ɣۿԼսķӦһҵĻһĶǻ΢΢Ĳһ£ľȣѯʣ֤
ˣʵǣղҽǸսˣѾԩˣô£ǲңȻɻ˻һߣҶһʱֳʲôɱң
Աߵļս㶼һ𾪣˲伸϶˷ܵɫʣæһ˷ܵߵǰ˵˼ǰʱ䷢һ飬ǻչ˾Ļϵģ룬˵
˵ŻͰֱӴ˼ʻңʻʱڼʻɻɻٿƽ̨ĵǰťӵò񻰣ЩɻһĶ򵥰
ָܿһҡҡͷֱ˵ô¾ˡ
˵Щս̫²鷳̾˿
ԭǸĿս̶ڣԭƯǰڷɻִҹʱȴͻȻ˲ݵʱһֵĿս䣬ǵʱڷɻģǾһɡ


296 
һ͸оͦģʵҺܲΪʲôôϲȥ֮ϷһܶΪΪһİԼܵĺֵܲãǴ˵еĺĺèɡ
һ֪ҴҲ֪ôˣܸɶ˵£Ҳһ˵Ͷ̥ת
ȰǸ˰ɣ˽ȥҵ½취ҵǿԻһžȿնɷȥȣҲڵϵĲУڷɻǲеġ
飡
ͻȻһսƿų˽ĳ˵ˣղиŮܽ棬ѾˣôҲ򲻿
ʲôҺͻæ˳ȥȥڻβλãܵʱսڲſʹţǲ
ͻȻе㲻õԤУͷɺɺλһɺɺλϾȻտҲ˾Ȼˣ
Ҷʱͼˣƿս㣬ʹ
ȥԿףǵţæܻؼʻңһԿ˳Ȼ˿ҳһϸԿף˲š
ŽȥһɺɺȻ棬ʱɺɺѾڵˣɫǲ԰ףܵԱף
һ˵׵λöȺģһ˵ʧ˾ͻ˲ñ
ݣҴһؿҲ
侲侲ǿԼ侲㣬ͷŻ˵Ҫú½أڿ
½ɺɺѾûˣֻԩֱȻͶ̥ȥû취ˡ
ҪµظһǱڵϵģֻҪɻ½棬ôֻͻȥɺɺĻǣҲɺɺڻкԭ򣬵ֻҪɻһ½أֻ˲ͻµظɺɺͻΪ
õĽҲҰȶѣôҲԸ⿴ġ
ɫЩΪѵ˵аɻʱѾǳıɱҲȥҾ鰡
Լ绰˾ǡЩԼʱΪʲôͲ֮ʰֻˣȻҲڵҼͬҲûȻ˵ǻӣɻͣڿµص黹治ܾġ
Ҳֻи׾Ŵ绰æͳֻȻ׾Ŵ˹ȥȻɻźźܲһǲĴ˵ˣʦԺҲ˵ţϸ˴绰ţϽֻҳھǿԼµʱˣҪǲУǸС椾ˡ
绰Ժûɺɺ̧˼ʻ棬Ź˸ʮңͻȻɻϾһ֪ͨλ𾴵ĳ˿ͣԭ򣬷ɻӳٽʱ䣬λĲ㾡½⡣
ʦǿһΣҲܵǰɫЩΣ΢ŵֺõ˵ԭǳ»ǲ˼֮ǰǸҵȷڵûˡ
ɻڿдãҿŻʡ
˵ɻСͺŵģֻϷʮСʱԣ»ʮСʱʱ飬ʮСʱ鲻Ϊ˷ɻϳ˿͵İȫһǻġ
лˡҵ˵ͷҲûеףȻڿòƷɻܴʮСʱоܾãʮСʱڻ治һҳֻ
ɰƷë֮ĶҵǿԻһֻɻȥЩҵĹҲȫûֻпԼ۾ȥңɻȻСͺŵķɼܣҲСرһЩҪĵطʻҵĻе档
ǷֻҲͷۣԺ󲻰ЩץĹЯӡ
һԷɻ˽Ҵ·Ѱһ°ɡҿĸ˵ڻÿֻϾҶɻĹ첢˽⡣
ǽӵ绰ˣ̬õģ˵ͷȻ˸绰һʮ꣬һɫԱװӡ
ǵĸҪȥʲôط͸˵һ°ɡҽܵ
ӵǳŨüۣоͦ˧ģ˵㣬ʱǸӡ
áҵ˵ͷһ֣˴ҲʶˣҲ˵ȻǾæȥˡ
˵Ťͷ߻˼ʻңóҲ֪ҪҵǸǲЩӴɣҲѸԼҵԭ
ʱȣǿʼҰɡ˿


297 ҹ
һʲô𣿡˼ĿʣҲԱС˵ҹ
ԭһΪ¶ȵģαܻе仯ͦƽֻǵ˵ͷû˵
ҽžͺʼҰѿͲյ˸飬ȴûзǸӰ
ɻϻطɣҳԱߵѯʣ񲢲ϲ˵ֻľګĵ˵ͷȻ˵һרŶڷŶĲֿ⣬Ҫȥ𣿡

Ҹһխͨ˲ֿ⣬ֿ⵽һƬ򿪵Ʋֿ⵹ǺܴһѵĶ
ţüͷоһɺƮ˹͸յһüͷʣֿ⻹пյ
ûСҡҡͷ
ţӦҵˡüΧҧָԼƻһףСѰɺϮķֿһ˹ȥܸоɺǴǱߴġ
ҺܿҵһɫľӣľӴһ׸ߣ׿ӣĺ⡣
Ծֻֻһ»Ұˣôôǿĺ⣿
Ȼɻ󣬵׼ľӿ浽ô¡
ҪͲͻȻˣüͷʣʲô˼
һĮĿңûж⣬ڶûж⣬Ҳ㲻ҪҵĵߣĶ㲻
üһ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲôˣҪֻҿԸ㵱Σ£áңһ˿⡣
װʲô˺䱸ĿһﲻԾ
˵ӣɻϵˣң
㵽ʲôˣǸսǲɵģҺȵ
Ҳ̫࣬Ϊ׾İȻˣ߰ɣˡ˵žҪת뿪
ҰָǸɫϣô£Ͻ˵ȻҾʹӣ
ҰִǸľԺԭǰֹûжԭһĮıҲ·΢ü˵ǰ̵ģҲýţڵĿҲ㣬ǻӵˣ˵˰ɡ
ݣôĶǰ̣ŭϽ˵ֻŮңȻھʹľӣ
治֪ôôͨǵˣҪҵɺɺĻݵķҲֻˡ
Ϊ㣬ߡüңһۺɫľӣͳһŻƷ˵һҪǸ̷ڵҲԸ㣬ϣɵ£ųǶ
ҴʱִľϣȻ͸һһԵģʲôֲĹɣ϶ǰٹϵһֻ϶͡
ҲԼĸоûѣֻѾӡðôӴĺҽӹһ۵ϣʲô
˵Ҿߵ˾ʮԶĵطҲҵˣɺɺڻǱֻץˣҲǻȾĺȳҲһɡ
Ұѷ˵ϣ̤ǲһ¶壬Ӧ顣ʦ붯񣬵ɷܣιҼɷҵ̷˺ڣ
ͻȻһ΢ĺʹҵĽŵð˳Ǹ̷ڴ˳ﻹһǵĲһģŲӵĲɺɺ˭
߾֮ǰѾףһð˳̧־޼Ǭ跨
˵ҪһƸȥ̷ھȻɺɺǰ棬̷ԭһãһȻ˫˲ָһҴ𣺡ɱңȻҾͺһ
˵ɺɺָһЩһʱһŭ𣬵ҲҶˣҪ֪һȥɺɺҲˣҲֻǼƲлˣܴ
ʱɺɺȻ˫ֵۣĿң˵СԻԣô
ݣ̷ڶ԰ɣǣȻѣȥԺ֤㳬תҲǲ¹ŮˣåԾå򷨡
ߣЩûһöһҲ뺦˵ģͶ̥ҺͶ̷̥˵ҲŲ
ҰһɺɺԵģôо̷⼸仰ôء


298 
ȻҾǴ˵еĺˣڵ״̬Ҳȥ˵ĻɺɺҲǸоԼס˲ӣĳʣСԻԣҵôˣҲȥϲôֿ⣿
ҰɺɺһۣҲʱ򣬴ʱҪ̶ҪɺɺɱҲֹҲֻɺɺ˵֮ðɺɺĻǴԼĵطΪˣȻͿͶ̥ȥˡ
̶ڣȥͶ̥޳Ƕǣȥйϵߺţ±Ͷٶʲôġҿʼƭ̶ڡ
û뵽̶̻ףǳΪɵģҹ׼ңȻҾͺһͬھ
ԭ˵ʱһϿȻûͳɺɺأû뵽һӾҵ⡣
ɺɺҲǸоΧĸֲԾѯʵСԻԣ⵽ô£ôץˣҸоù֣оԼƮƮģô°
ģ׾ŵͽܣȻһֻСѵˣǺЦԶһֻı鿴ߡ
̶ڣ㵽ɶʲôܷŹҵѣҲеˣһֱȥ϶У̶Ĳʶôʴ˳ȥһƺϣȻɺɺҲΣգܱźöˡ
̶ܴ񶮵йɫһ㣬ҵӹǲµǶŭˣæ˵װһʵӣеŮӣҲĻҲ뺦ɱЩ˵ν
һüͷ
ɺɺȻ֪Ƿʲô飬ΪͰܲ࣬һ˵ҪһʱҡͷҴ󺰣СԻԣɵϽߣȥҰңҪǻҵĻˡ
ҰɺɺһۣΪĵӾأ
ô찡ҿ㲻ʲôȻˣѾˣɺɺֻ˵ͻɺɺ֣˵ģҪɺɺҹһӶһ̺ۡ
ԣɡҧݣǵ˵ͷԭܼ򵥣ҪȥߺȥظסˣɶҲҪҲɺɺԺԼԼ
ۿֻȷſɺɺ
ϣû뵽һɵϣҿûôɵֻŮ˵ֻҪִĶͷˣʱȻŮӡ
΢΢üʣҪ㲻ɺɺô죿
ʱԶȻ˵ģҾ͵֤˰ɣɺɺģҾͰɱ
һͷһۣ֪ΪʲôȻһǰ̵ģܸһַŵмĸо֮ǰЩаȫǼޣŭԹȸָһ塣
ҵ˵ͷǰһ˵ɡ˵ͱ۾һҲ飬ԼٶҪؽš
ܿҾ͸оһֱִҵĶͷҵһ£ȻһƸǰֻȥ˵ɺɺ
˴룬ͻȻ͸оһɱĶӶͷҵһһͳź׵λñȥ˵Ƕں׵λá
ֻҵǣҲɺɺǰɣ۾ɺɺʧҵǰ˿
һʼֻǹǣȻ꣬Ͷ̥ѹǷԼԭĵطԼɺɺֻǱǣһֱסŮˣɺɺԶѰɺɺȥˣҲ˵ɺɺûˡ
ҵ鷳ʹˣҴʱо׾ҵʹԴһֻץҵĴһоԴǵģԴʲôҪȥһ
ʱָоһŴֵҵĶͷϣȻҾԴһڣԺ˸ȥ
ԴۣԺ۾ҿ˿ҾȻԼɻλϣɺɺһԽĿң̫ѨһˣҪɺɺѯʲô
ɺɺȿ˵ԻԣҸղŲС˯Ȼجˣұ˰ˣǸجθоʵ㻹СҳɾʹҵľŶ
ҿЦһ£룬ǱƭɺɺİɣҾ˵ţ˵ζǱʶͶӰܾ˵Ҹӡ󻹲
ɺɺһ˵ͻȻһĿңһһ˵Ҫ汻ˣ㻻ңỻ𣿡


299 ϼ
ŤԴȥɺɺﵹɵ˵˵ɶأΪĵӰأ㿴Сҳɾʹҵ𣿡
˶ӣ֪ûġɺɺҴһȭͷЦ
Ҳû˼ɺɺҡҡλεվΪǵԭһо͸˴һһۣһҡҡλεʻȥ
Ǽս㿴һۣҲңţ߽ȥһȻڣλʻԱ֮⣬һˡ
ͷһۣ飬òʣʲô𣿡
һ治֪ôˣղŵ϶ʲôģһԼսķӦ֤ΪʲôûΨһĽ;ǰˣ
һ벻ʲô˾ҡ
ΪʲôҪңҸɴҲĨˣֱ˵Ŀڡ
ôֱӣҲЦ£˵˳ֶѣֻΪԼƵ£ϣԺվڶʱܻԼһ˳֮͸һԺ˵Լһ飬ֶΪأ
ȻվڶΪβֱǸʹ죿ҿʵ
ָָʻԱָָ⣬Ȼ˳ȥ֪ǰʾⲻ˵ĵطæ˳ȥߵ˿սϢĵط˸ɣѼս򷢳ȥ˿ɷʳƷ
Χûˣſŷɻľɫ˵˵Ҫ·ɻʱˣ̵˸պҲڷɻϣʦô룬ʦֶιҪҵݲ̫ѵġ
ҾȻû뵽طһ˵ʱԼҲˣΪԼɱģԼûɶϵҲͲ̫ˣܶ˲뵽ɻԼһа̵ˣպڷɻϣǰͰҲжԹʱƺҲϴˡ
˰ɣЦŻͷ˵Ҿǰһ
Һһ£˵ҿɲʲôϲˡ
̧һָָԼԴ˵ҿ˺׼ġ
üͷ˵û治ҶûʲôУһԺлܾûɶ̫۵ĻһĻ
˵˰ɣˣɻ쵽ˣúɡ˵Ժ߻˼ʻңҿıӰ̾˿ϧǰ̵ģȻĵýύһ
ɻܿ͵죬Ҳ׼ȥҺ˼׼ֱӵվϼһˣþûؼˣġ
ɺɺȻ˵Ҫһȥ棬ָȥʱԭܾģɺɺ˵ҪҲͬţԼһ٣Ҳɫɶģֻͬˡ
ҺɺɺֱӾڻ˵վ˰Сʱڵ˽վȻƱϳ٣һˡ
Һɺɺٵʱ඼ߵˣ춼Ѿȫһ³;һȵϢŸСĽųվΧϤĻҲһ󼤶
ÿص˶ּ
ǳôɺɺԱ߱һɫıڳվҿ
ɶÿģϽߡһץɺɺ־վߡ
վ޺˸ɺɺһʿͳǰ˾ʦ˵ʦ߶򡣡
Ҫá˾ʦͦÿ͵ģ˵СޣǱ˰ɣ
ˣϰ˵ͨˣæ컰˵Ŷʦˡ
һ·ûºʦƨҲͦյģɺɺԼóŸҲ˵ʹĿŴ⡣
ſ˸ʮӾ͵˶Ľϣ˾ʦԼ¥ͣԺ󣬾͸Ǯɺɺ³ˡ
Ҿסﰡɺɺ΢΢üĿΧ
Ҳ治ɺɺ飬СڴгģϵǸֳһٶ򲻹һСνСҲ¥ʮǰĽˣȻǺܺá
Ҳ⣬ɺɺҪǲ¶ˣЦ˵˴С㣬ҪǲϲǱиݣʮǮһϣҹ
ܺã˵СĺܺãֱǸ߶˴ϵΡɺɺһۣȻС˵
ȻͦСǱˣҲ⣬ɺɺߵһСУϰǸ裬ͦģһҽƯŮģЦе˵СƤȥѧǲһϱһƯ


300 
ɺɺһ¶εӣҲʲôɺɺҾ͸ˣһƯӻϼңô붼ӵ顣
һЩˮɺɺ߻ҼңҸմžͿңڿɳϿء
ŤͷҴţҲ¶˾ȵı飬ʣӣ㲻ڳɶϰôܻˣ
衣߹ȥһѾͱס裬һЩͷҲһ㣬Ұˮ˲輸˵裬ˮ
ȴûң۾ֱĿſڵɺɺСĳʣǹ˭
Ŷ裬ɺɺͬѧһʱպõе£Ҿʹæͣǰǲ˵ʲôģҪȻԺ󷲽㵽Ҽһ죬֪ǰŮĻҾԶˡ
̺áɺɺò߹к۾ֱĿɺɺ͸ϱһر˵ʣС»Сƽʱ󰡣ĸʲôأסء
εĿɺɺһۣҲǣɺɺεЦ£Ҫ˵ɺɺ֣ɳ˵ûû£˺ߺƻ
˵žƻɺɺҲɳļҳ
裬ȥżᣬȻɺɺͺһ˯ǡҸ˸кһȻӼһӺһͷ˵ģпܡ
߳ӣҾżȥߵżſţһӣŴţһŴŸɫĽǿ㣬˫ЬϻỴ̈һҾ۾ʣСôˣ
ⲻôͻ档һ˵Ҳ˽ȥżﵹûб仯ģҲкңԹԵߵһ̫ʦϣ¿ӡ
ȥͷһ㲻һ¾ˣſĳһ£˵СƨʿųˣڳӲˣտ
ˣˣСһ˵˵оץô̫ʦϣۣĿҡ
аɡ
˵ʵǿˡ
ܳҵģ֪ҲѧģѧƨûУײײ˵Ŷѧ⣬Ҳ˵Լܹж٣ڻѧУ档
Цٺ٣Լѡģ˵ҪѧץʱҾҪؿǣ㵱ʱ붼ûһӴӦˡ
һǵ˵ͷ˵һ˵Թʲôر棬ȻſʼѧЩġ
ţ顣뵽ʱڷɻϵĹ£ͳѯ
Ұ϶ԺҲһ֣˵ǸаΪʲôҵǲ̫а֮Ҳ˶ǻˣһȻа̣Ҳֻͷˡ
ˡͻȻ뵽ʲôһһĴȳ˵ǸʶĹ֪ɣǰͲ֪ʲôԭ򣬺ʲô˳ˣڰģء
ʲô룿ԴͻȻ𵱳ǸССȵСҲǵǸçײˣ˿ûнѯʲôֱĿš
ţֻھҲ֪Ӧ죬˼ѾͷѾüˣ֪ûȥԺú˼ǡ˵ҵǸСĻ;쳬Ҫǰˡ
ʵǰڵʱõķֱӰȣǵʱԼȴû뵽ôԶ
Ȼֺ˺ܶ˵˵ҺڳɶǱ߶ôӵİ֮ģżһֱ浽賿Ÿ뿪Լȥ
ڶҲɺɺȥһ֦㣬ҲȵķǰǣǼһѾ߽ˣĸ֪ԺҲο١
Թ緹ԺҲҪˣԭǴһʱģһ飬ǾϻȥһˣҲ֪ɶأܵˡ
Թ緹Ժһ£רܵżҺ˸к·ˣϳԺҲһСʱ͵콭һ
һһ³ɺɺҲǸҸˣܵ˻죬ҲϵˣڹҲǹУҲֱѧǵķȥҲͳ˺˼ĵ绰˹ȥ


301 
֣Ҹ˼绰Ǳ߾ȻûнӡŵʿʱҾ͸ϵ˾УſڣʱѧҲϿΣѧУſҲǿյġ
Ȼ˼ĵ绰ͨҾֻи̩Сִ绰ˣұϾҲ֪˼ʲôطϿΡ
绰Ǻܿͽͨˣҿʣιأ
̩û˯һԺʣ˭
أϽѧУſڽңһˡ˵ԺͰѵ绰ˣȼ̶ѧУſڵҵľѾˣѧУᱻ
ŵӣͿ̩С˾ȻҵǱߵķ߹˶ûɶһ֪ȥ˸ͨ
ģĽǣǰѧУʱоʲôһ͸оѧУжˣĲ˵˯붼ĽһᣬҲͽʤ
С֣ҳһȥͱס̩̩һϵļֽʵ˲٣ҰԹ£ڵһܴˡ
ǰھУʱżȥһ壬ǳײˡ
̩ҽıһ£ЦʣôˣϱˣǼһأ
ûɶ£ҾͻǰҵҲûҴְ飬Сûɶģֿһվ۾ź˯С֣ӣ̩ϵͨ岻á
û뵽ǣС־ȻһҽӣͻȻŭģӣȫҶӣԵġ˵תңԼѧУ
զˡҿԶȥС֣ˣȻȷ˲٣ǰǶİòҲûʲôװ
̩Ҳһ뿪С֣ҵļ˵ⲻҵôҰҲǺܺã°ɡ
Ҳû⣬ôֵˣ˭û鲻õʱ򰡣ʱȶپҲûˣҾʣˣǡϱأ绰Ҳͨ
ϱ⻰Ҳֻ˽²ŸҽнУҪú˼֪ƵŪҡ
̩һ£صĶ˵ӣֵܵҿɸ㣬ǰҿ˼ǣһеֳѧУˣġ
ţ£΢΢üҵȻź˼ʲôģ͸֮ǰ˵ģҪǰһţ֪ǰԵԺҾ׺˼ȻһԺһ޸ңҲҺȷһԺѡ
ȷǣǸеֳȥģü̩ʣ̩СĵĿһ˵ǣ벻ͨŮⶫ͸·һ
û£ˡҡҡͷȴ˵С˼˼һȽϱصŮģǣֳȥֻһˣǸǸˡ
֪ȥôҿ̩ʣ̩ҡҡͷ˵±֣ûҸٹȥӣ뿪ɡ
˵̩ҵļ򣬰οҸЦһ£˵˾û£Ȼ绰ϲƴ˹ȥ绰ԺϲƾʣӣСӸҴ绰ɶ
ⲻô㡣Цһ£ͻȻһԵ̩һӵĿʣǲǸ˭绰ô˵㲻˭Ͳ绰ô
㶮ƨҳԱߵ̩
绰ǱߵĽϲƾ˵˵ɶ˵
ûû㣬Ҳ˵㣬˵̩أģһˣ˼绰ûͨⲻ˼Ҽ˼䡣
ϲѧУ˺˼ҹϵõһŮˣȻǸٶûɶӣͺ˼ҲǹϵõĹۣо仰ô˵ô˵ĵ˾ѣϱĹ۾Ƕ̡
Ľϲƶ˶٣ԥһ²ſ˵ӣǸ
ʣɶ˵ĥĥĸɶǽɶʱ˵ˣ
һ˼ˣǰ쿴ҽԺˣȻ˾ûϲ˵˵Ի룬˵Ҳ˵ȥ˼úʾǡ
ȥȫˣˣҲýʲôˣҾ˵ĸҽԺȥʾǡ
ҽԺġ˵ԺҾ͹Ҷ˵绰̩˵ߣҽԺ˼ҽԺأ
ȥôȥӣģһӰǸ򡣡̩һԴȻĿڡ
áƨһ£˵磡
û»Իԣ֪¶ͦοԼһ°ɣȻҰߣ˵̩һ⳵ŭĸ˾ʦ˵ҽԺ
˴ñһ


302 ľ
ܿ͸ϵҽԺڽҽԺſڵʱȸ̩˵ȻȥԺŵ㣬ְǶˣô˵
ʵҺ̩ðʰһ٣ӵĹʰ͸һ̩ȽҲŰҲû⡣
ߵſڣҵһѯһ£ûк˼ĲˣȴûмأǼ603һױĲˣ϶ǰˡ
֣ôҽԺأ
Һ̩ߵ603ſž˽ȥ603һ׼䣬ͦģҸսȥͿ˺˼˼ʱһİɫ˶װأͦģϻһ
أ̩һȥûͷûԵĴ˼һ֣һ̩˵̩ô˵ɶء
Ǹ˼㡣̩һ˼ͻȻһӺ侲ҿļǵǰûٱ˼ᣬæָ˵ǳ»ԣץģ޹˼㡣
˵Ժתˡ
ҿ̩ܵıӰסˣѣܾܰ˵һ仰ɶͻȻҸоһɱҸתӳȥ˵û뵽˼һŸסˡ
˼һŭ⣬вղ̩ǻʲô˼㲻ҽˣҸ㡣
ԩұԩҲҽĺԩȫ̩һԼģƨ¡
ֻʵԭԭĸ˺˼˼Ժɫ΢һ㣬һ˵Ҳңûϲ˵ˡ
أеĽҶǰûɶ̫ĺøУڲôваһú˼һ˭˵ȥ
ء˼ᵽ磬¶һЦ⣬ҵ˵ͷȥ˵磬Сˣأ
ȥ˭ڸľ氡߽ȥͱһһűļһһȻʯ࣬Ӿ͸¥һңҪǷڴϣԱ߰ڸ룬治֪˵ͬ顣
˭ľء˼ƨһ£Ҹ磬´Ҵȡ
Ȼ˼ȴϣһٶ˵Էһûɶæ¶һʹı飬Ű˵磬ôģ˭ˣңҰ㱨ȥ
Ҹоҵݼ϶ȫǱֻ¶۾ҵת
ˣҸˡ˼Ա˵
ɶ粻Ҹ𣿸ңҸ类˭ˣҰȥװŭĳ庮˼ʡ
˼һ˵㣿ҸǱ̵˴ģҪҪȥ𣿡
ݣǰ̵ӡԺо̫ԣʣ粻ǰ̵ôô̵ˣѲ˱ϱ
֡˼һ˵ûһҲ졣
ϣͷûҪˡ
˼һ˵ҸΪ˰̵һıĲ̣Ҫѳ̵̣˷ˣȻų
绹ķ֣治ס˳˵һ䣬˵Ϳһȭͷ˹
۰һȭҵ۾ˣҸоǰСڷȥġ
Ҹ籾Ǹˣֻһʱƭˡ˼˵
ҲҹͬҸоԸǲԸʼǼа̣ˣһʵ˵ǺǰǰͿһʹġ
˼һҵ̬ЩһҲνˣܾΪ˼ԭӰҶŰ̬ȡ
ȻʲôǶЩԭһǺġ
ˣ˵ܳô£˵˵ɡͻȻҾ͹˺ģ˺˼
֪Ҫʲô飬Ⱒķ֡˼͸˵
ԭ鷢ڰǰˣ˰̵һƻȻŭȻͷ߶Ҫӳȴ̵˷ˣ󰢱˴ˣ˳
Ҿ͸оôӾһòƺܶӾ綼ݵġ
Ǹƻʲôأ˰̵ʲôܣôҲɺ
֪ʱҸֻǰѴŸңȻ˹ȥ㿴Ҳ˵ʲôֻеҸָһЩ˲֪ˡͻȻ˼뵽ʲôһ˵ˣҸ绹˳ְ˳
ʲô뾹ȻǰųģѹˣüͷľøϽҵˡ


302 ä
ؼľҵ룬ҪҵرѣΪٹôǰɷûãõĻҲͰҵˡ
Ψһİ취һˮˣŵλãΪҲһ׼ȷòҲΨһİ취ˡ
չɣȥ롣˼ڵûɶõĵģ˼ԴǸ˵ԼСĵ㣬ҵﱣҸ磬Բܸһȥ롣
û¡Ҳˣ˵ƿ˳ȥҪ͵绰绰أ̩ӾͲ֪ðģ̩һһʣ㾹ȻܻųҶ׼ҽʱ׼ȵġ
˵ҵôҽ˵ˣ㳶ˣе£ϽѧУɣæٸǴ绰һȾơ
ţˣ˶þҪҵˣʱ㻹ûμӱҵᡣ̩˵ԺҲ֪æת뿪ˡ
ҿ̩ԺҲҵһû˵ĵطĵĲͨĵ绰絹Ǻܿͽ˵绰
ιôûڼҰȥˣһ֪ӡ
æҲ̫˼˵˵磬һˣ£𳶵ˣǼ¡
Ұ϶硣
Ժü˵ڳɶأɷҲһŷλ
ЩʦܸԶ㶫ôֵʡ
˵Ҳ˵ЩǴʦ޷ǽ֣ΧεԼð㣬Ҷû֪ǱߵడЩʦҲñṩ˸Ժ㣬ڳɶ϶ǰﲻģȻϻ죿
ϻɣԺһȥһ룬ҿɲ¡ƽĶۣѾİ뵱һСˣǰһֻֻͨһֻҲôء
ţڸϻԳߵķңҹˣֱӴ򳵻ĸСʱԺܵ˵Ժ͹Ҷ˵绰
ü˿ҲǴѧǵķˣŰɣȻҵȷܵ룬ڴ룬Ҳ˵˷˵ɡ
ҳҽԺһ̲Ҫ̲µȴ
̲Ǻһһģɫߵˣ춼ڵòˣҶ˺üСʱˣǸҲͨ˵绰
أ³ˣڽءʣҾ˵ҽԺ̲أϽɡ
ţСʱܵ˵Ժ͹˵绰ֵ˴Ŷʮӣǳǰ
紩һ£ϻŸī͸ĺڿ͵۹һϻһɫ䣬±˲֪عĸоһ
šīĳ˹ҲЦе˹ȥ;һС⡣
һС£ǸеĲСײ磬Ϲײ˭ء
ǸеһͺҪ֣ԱߵǸŮľסе˵äһʶȻ˻һЩǮǻȥؼҰɣ˵վֹء
šеĵ˵ͷ˲뿪
һЦˣ̫ﶺˣãˣ˧˵äˣҲԣϵģЩäˣ˭вīȻв͡
ʵҸоīä˻һЩԭŴģ˴ʹװõģҷǲ̫ϲīġ
ˣ˵īһһ˵԰ԼͷǰͷȻԼīķ϶棬˵ܿһЩֵĶȻҲҲûԹ
˵⣬ʱǺò׸һΣɾͲˣֵ˵ɶⰡô˧äôȥɶ񰡡
һ˵ˣϽ°ɡ
ţأ˳ۿʣҸҪ˵ͻȻסˣε˵ûֵӡ
ë߰ܳԵģСʱĳ˵äˣҲˣ˭һµأȻҸղžˣû֣ڶô
ɶ͵ǻ°ɡҿһ¡
棿Сʱĳ˺üٵ·ѣƨ
˵˵ˣһٶĳѣȸұȣǷƱ
˵ӻѷƱݹˣȥұ


303 ͬ
ǸӱٶడǮֲǴģʦĸʱҵģʱסԺʱӰ˵ãҶ˶ʮˣʣʮһأұϾûоԴ
ĲұҾȥҺ˼ɺɺǵȫҰһвĿҡ
ͷ͵һ˵ôɣԲԣ˵Ļȥ˵ٿôô
úúã粻ٿôֵܵı˵ٿ飬ǧҲһ仰顭
һû˵أ˵ǺãҪǧ
С˼С˼ڿɲҶĻˣץŰѱĸо治ˬԩҺɺɺûɶֻǴϵѣȻ˵϶ͼӴ׵ġ
æתƻ˵ˣղС̫ˣȻײ㣬뿪Ųż찡Ҫǰڳֻ۸˵ķݣɶʱܹߣȥȥ
籾Ͷһ˵Ȼǧ飬ҲһĴ˵ǣôһ˵Ҳض˵ĸо
ԶԶԣߣȥæ˵Ӻվȥˣţ
ŶҾվܣҲ˿һﻹǺƭһӾǧ飬ڴ˵鴿ǳվ󰡣ǸǶ˰ˣҵŹˡ
Һܵվ棬òƺܶлû죬ʵ͵ͦģǽڳ棬ڳеĵ¡
վͦģҲǸպ°߷ڣɽ˺Ʈչģˣֲ˭˭ҿһѰҸղǸһȫǧӣҾȰ뿪ء
ͻȻһ˷ָܵȺеһأӣ׷ŪѾġ
˵Ժ;һ֤𣺡참ÿ
ҶԺˣְ֤ˣΨһĽ;ǣ֤ȥ绹湻ﱤˣŸ֤
ȻȺ˽ȥһҲæϣ˵ʵһ磬վȺģǰһϤ˶Ҷһҳ
˵֮ǰǸһˣǸһӶǲˡ
Ҹʹǰѧŵ澯ģһߴһǰ壬˵ģľ참˭SBһаⲻԱעô
վҲô£ԼǾ죬вٵ·
ܿһͣȺӿ棬ʹ𣺡ӽˣҳ塣
˵һͷ棬Ҳҧ˽ȥģ̫ˣǰѶ۷ӵ쾡¡
ҲˣӵҽȥԺҲҲˣͻȻǰһڳᴫ򶷵æǰĳܹȥȥһԭӵ쳵м侹Ȼܴһ򣬴ʱ˱һڵһȭһȭĴء
ȥҵˣֵͦģȻرãҲǾУģһ˸Ͳ÷ɶʱɼܵӾȻѹơ
磬㣡ȻǶһ㣬ҲֵܰȻǸûɶ̫ĶԹģⶼɣ˴ײ˭ֵҾ͵ҧڡ
˵Ҫȥû뵽˶һţ˶վ˺Ȼͬʱͳ֤
죡
죡
˾ȻͬʱԭϷ˹ƶΪͨ˴أû뵽˻ͬʱͳһ֤Ҳüͷƣû뵽ˣѹ򲻹
ͬ˵
ð죿
ðģ
ˣˣˡվԱ߿һ֤ûȷģæ߹ȥһ磬Ͼ֤Ǽ֤粻̫ãҳ˵ǣ˼ѳ嶯ˡ
ݣӣһѾģð죬ˡ˵ԺͻҪȥˡ
ȵȡһס磬ΪҾȻ֤½ǾȻһС֣ȻһС֣¼С֤ǣ˾ȻҲ¼Сġ
ǣ˼ѳ嶯ˡæ߹ȥǸЦһ£Ǹ⻹ͦϵģϾ磬֪һǾ죬һ¼С˵ĻҸǧ͵ˣΪǧԵ޹ʵһ¼СĳԱǻֵͦõġ


304 
һüҺһۣһԼ·һ˵Ұ참ҪһʰǣԼɡ
˵ûй֤ĻǼٵģ˿һ
ӻ˵˻Ҳǿ֤ϵ֣ûжˣϻ˿ģǸһ۽һ˿ᷳͻȻһǸŮҲߵм䣬Ůĵ̬Ȳ˵ȻͬǾˣ£һλԱɡ
˵Ժ˾ǰһسߡ
ߵұ㵽վһߵİСôһǣܳ
ˣǼ֤ɶʵġСĳ˵
˵Ժҿ˿ܣΧѾΧ˺ܶˣҾʹ˵λ˼ˣֻǸᡣ˵ԺҾҲǰĳߡ
һһС˵߰ɣ
˼ĿһۣЦ˵գҲԣҳ嶯ˣǻؼҵʱø鲼ڴȻƹţľˡ
áһ䣬˵ɶˣеСĳԱŮĹҲࡣ
û°ҲŮģʹеİûɶ˼
㱿¼СĳԱûгɶ϶¼Ҹ˵꣬Ҳˣ˵˼ֹ
ҵ˵ͷ˵֣롣
ûڲʱ뿪ʱ˵ֹʱһûע⣬ڿСĳԱԺҾֹˡ
ôһڵ˶ĵطֵľԲһЩ»Ұʵ벻컹ʲô
æͳ绰˹ȥӵ绰Ժ˵ӣɶ£
壬ҸæվֹþϵͳҲһ¾ô£һҪһ㣬ܼҺ綼Ǿ죬Ҫʲôڲֻҷˡ
ţҴ绰һ£Ȼͷֻϡ˵ԺǱߵķ͹Ҷ˵绰
ҺҲ˸һλ˴ңһžͷ˹ҵͷһϢ
ԭֹ´ǰģһЩھŵӵʮӵʱ򿴵һŷۺɫȹСŮڳıڳ裬Ȼת۾Ͳˡ
һʼЩ˻ΪǻþԽԽ˷ˣž˾С顣
ǶŵĴˣдúģһˣˣ밡룬ҵˣ
ֻһ󼤶Ȼͺһֱȴ
ʱԽԽϵҲǽҲԼĿǰһسϣ֮ǰǸеԼǸŮ˶ϣû뿪ļ
ҿʱ䣬ԽԽܿʱ͵ʮˣϻ϶ûʲôˡ
ϾҺ磬һܵ꣬ﻹŸǲԶʱ
ǰǸ϶ˣֻСĳԱڡ
Ҳţվƺһ೵ˣʮʮҾҪհˡ
ҲˣԱߴŹǷСʣ˵뻹ôôˣˡ
֪ҡҡͷһгվ͵յվˣϾûջˡ
ͻȻгϾȻһ
۹⣬۹⣬ƺǷ⣬ĸš
¹⣬紵Ůٰɡ
˭ԸŮ͵¹⡣
룡Ҷ浵ġеĸʣͻȻĵĻϣͻȻһڣһСŮȻ˵棬ıģһһ߳衣
ûأͻȻǰǽڳʹһ˵Ĵ

ãôǸһСĳԱץģɲץˡ
ҳǰǽڳ˹ȥܵھͿһﲻ֪ʲôʱѾһľˣһֻһŷҸյʹ𣺡
˵ͰѷǸ˹ȥ˵ϣӾһ绰ð˺̣ȴûֹͣԽԽһʱʱһЩСŮЦ档
ˣ¹ޣ¹ЦһЦ˵ˡ
ͻȻгһͣгϵĵƹ˸һɴ̹ǵĺ˷˳
۸ңͻȻһԴɣȴŭ˳⣬ɷ


305 ֲ
ͻȻһʺɫȹӵСŮǸСԱıһɴ̹ǵĺϷ˳
ҴһҪȥֹ룬ȴ˿ûңɢһڵɷǸСԱϾϮ˹ȥ
СǸһƻûи״أһһ˷ܣľͳ˹ȥ
ӣⲻô֪ΪʲôϵԹɷץ֮ǰǿʮֹ
һЩڵɷͲסһȻɷһͣӣ䣬۾ӿ˽ȥһﾹȻܼٶȻɱ벻һﾹȻֱӳһ߸ʬ
룬ɱˣҿǸŮСԱȻŴһҶ
ͺûҵĻһһ֣ɷŮֲ˹ȥǼ벻ŮҲһ߸ʬ
ͻȻһץסңʱɫأ˿û֮ǰǸӣҾҪקڵȥ㿴ڵӣȥҲɱġ
ʱ˫۲ȫʣ۾û飬ȴѪɫģɷƣģûб䣬Ҷ⾹Ȼ롣
ŤͷҺķ˹֨֨ЦȻıĳҺ˹
ҲǶƣղСˣΪ뻹ûʲô仯Ǳ߳ģӼֱһɱŤͷܡ
ǿܣҳǸСӴһһʱһMP3أ۾ҡͷԵģҺ羭ʱ˼һ£˳Ҫܹȥһѡ
ҿʱͻȻһΣյĸоһֱΣյĸоģǰСϴģһﾹȻ֪ʲôʱһСҵĶӾͱ˹
һʼ͸оΣգԱ߶һ£յĶ㿪һ
үģһ䣬ϸһһȥȻǿ
ǿǵ񶫸ɵǸһ֮ǰԶСӴһñӣһֱͷҲûһ߽Ȼ
ǿ˫ۿɢһ󺮹⣬ȥ
˵Ժŵӳͱ˹
Ҫ˵ǿֻ治զأղ͵ϮҲҲУҸܴôԱһ£һлᣬһźݺݵĴĶϣֱӸ߷ڵϣĵҲֱ˵ϡ
ԭͱʮ°µģһѾٽĺɫɷҲ쵽ǰˣҹϵתܣ磬һžתˡ
ܵõôǿŵǰ˵˼ҵˣŪԺҾҸɵѺ˼Ϊ׾һֱǡ
ҸүģһˣѾĻУԣֻǵ˼ѣж㲻ϣȻ˵ˣô˵Ҳˡ
ôʱʱȽϻѾûˣ˺ٲû˰ҺܹᣬͿǰǸ澹ȻֻأһͷһЩɷ
ҾͼܼˣȻǰЩ˿϶ģһֱȥҲǰ취
ȷҺᣬʱҲ۵ˣҲüͷһЩɷȷӦǱˣˣȷסᣬɷ嵽˵ĳ档
һͷһ£ЩɷѾҺ˦һˣʮʱ׼
ʵȻڵȷֲֻܿҪ˵Ҳֱӱ룬֮ǰǸһ̫ˣǸŮģŵûҲܰˡ
ʱˣѧҼһ£ȻʾҸҿ֪ϼתȻⱲӻñȽʧܣ˼ϱӿǶܺȫʢʱڵĺɽеˡ
޼һֵ䣬æģ޼
翴ҵӵ˵ͷ޼Ǭ跨壬֮˵ԺתһȦְԼüģͻȻϾȻɢһ΢Ľ⡣
һæѧԺͻȻһѣָо͸žͻȻվԴεĸо񣬲ҸоҲɢһâ
һˣæܵ˳ͳӵĵطҧԼͷȻ³һѪЩѪ³Ȼ˿УԶıһ˳ͳӵĵط


306 
ȻϼתҿóֶΣʱҲеˡ
ƽʱ˵ԼֻˮȻװģҲˣ˼ϼת΢̳һһЩŵҲޱȵģҲڱһѵľѧѧ
³ѪŪǵԺЩɷҲѾᣬ续ŷȻסЩɷûЩɷƮȥ
ڵɫ԰׵ˣ˵ֻ֮ܵסɷӣӽǿĻľˣô
šһ˵ͷ仰ҵȻҪ档
ڵӿ϶Ǳǿסˣɷǰٹײг̶ȿŵǰʮĹô׿Ƶģǵ֮ƽǿķָܻ䡣
ɷϾڰٹܸߣȻٹ񲢲һʵУٹкܶǺܶĹ续֮ûģٹϴǼ¼һЩټ׹һײУȻߵ˵һ͵ٹһۺϣ̣Թɷȵȣһۺ
ʱΧܼҲرͣΧںģֻܼ֮ڵĶڳҲȽխ
λ磬ʲôأͻȻʹҺһûüת͸оһʹһͷһȻұץ˹
Һ󱳵·ֱӱ˺һ󶴣ұץĵطҲ˲Ѫģ۵Ҫһо֮ǰ֮һ¾ֱҹˡ
޼Ǭ跨һԵһҲ˿棬һ׺˳ȥ
Ȼǿ˺ܶ࣬ȻǱ˺üһӾҺм䣬˵ӣǱ˿ƵģǺ˿û壬ϽȥǿǸ˵ҵĿ֮ȵס롣
šҲ£֮ǰĳͿ˹ȥ
ܿҾ֮ܵǰǿŵǸᣬʱм侹Ȼһ˺ɫС죬С滹дһ֣ӦþǿĶˣǿǸһʱҺС֮䡣
ʱǿ֪ʲôطҵһѿЦĿ˵֪˼ĵˣߣһιƽľ˭Ӯ˾ܺ˼һ˴Ҳܼ򵥣Ǹ֣
˵۸ûذȥǿһȻҪҹƽӣ˵ŶһˮСľ
ҿ˿һ׶೤ʱʱð㺮ĿڿһԼذľľرۣ走˵õĹƽأľذƻƲУүģ
ֶľذף۾Ҳϻֺͳ˴ھУҲûѧʵͺˡ
˵ԺǿŴ󿳵˹
һ۾Ϳǿ˵ʱûϵĴ󿳵һ־˴󿳵ָоͲһˡ
治֪Щôֿȭʮе˴ģܰѶƨ̫ˣǻṦ˳ֿȭҲ˼ģڵĵӾҲ̫ˣñΪ书ʮԷһ
˽֣ȥǿһҿ϶
Ҳʱôˣҵͷ˵ڵϣȻȥıס˫ţʹһ̲ȣֱҸŵڵϡ
һŪˣſһæ˿
Ҫվҳûһץסõ֣ȻһӰڵϣҰѹ£ָͷʹĳıǿײ˽ȥ˳ڻʹҧסĶ䣬ϥǵסõֳ֣Сܵһץס
λƻоеʵʵֲܾдС˵ߵ棬ĹʮУȻŴſˣ̸Цʵдô˧ܸſ˾Уοأ
䱻ҧͲ˵ˣʹĲǿرʹģҵֻץסӣѾʧȥ˷æ˵䣬䣬Ը磬Ǽˣ۲ʶ̩ɽŹңۣۣ۰
ҿѾڵòˣվûˣҲͷһ㣬ſվһžͳǸ˺ɫȥҪǰεǸˣĵȻ˵


307 Ԫ
ܵСԱߡ
ɫСʵͦµģϸһ澹ȻһǣǾͺģһģһ
һѰС죬ΧЩɷȴûɢȥҵͷһʱС¶ʹ֮ɫǳ岻˺ɫС졣
˫סСҪ۶ϣͻȻʹǿĿǸ꣬׼䣬룡
Ҳô˫һСȻа֮ϾҲľģһ׵ľ۶ˡ
Сһ۶ϣͻȻͳķ˹ȥ
һͷһǿȻ̱ԱߵϣӣָС˻󷨣ôһʱһֱǻʹļо˼ٴΣˣ
ʲôһһŭĿǿȻͦȴһƫŵǿԻ˵䡣
ʼҲֻǱ˰ʧ˻ָļ䣬ϸͿʼһЩа󷨣ѹַÿԹ
˹һ˼Թ޵飬ٰľֻٱĻֻԹ
ҿ룬һİŮӷ֣ʹ˺ü죬ȴظ˼ʮϰٴΣͿֲ
ȻȻͦҲа̵һɣһûа̻ģΪһʩ󷨣ĵһɱԼʩӻ󷨵ˣȻҵķɱֱΪֹ
ǾȻô񶾵ķȥԸһСŮǣ޷ԭ¡
ȥүģȥҳȥʹǿؿȥһʮҶоǿؿںͷһ
ǿһţҲ۵ֱҧͦүǵģһۣﻹѪĭ˵ģҲһһʶģһˣ
˵ԺǿתһȭĲȥҪߣҼӣæҪǰֹû뵽ǿһȭȥԺĲ˿
۰ǿԼȭͷ
㻹ȥҺһ£ӻΪĵӾأҪһȭĲҲͲˣֱӻһȭͷҲҲòС
û£һоУһۿôģǿ˵ԺͳһźڷȻԼͷһͻȻΧȻȫʧˣȻۻܿġȴʧӰ١
һתܣæ׷ͻȻķһ죬춼һ¡
ҿһǿıӰҡҡͷǱ˹ȥ籾ԺͻˣҪٲȥæ˵ȥҹҪǩˡ
ܻ˵ʱҾͿʱȻһ䣬˫ıԼ˫ȣԴ
ʱҲǶڵϣһƣСľĿ롣
磬ôˡܵԱߣһ۾Ҵֻ׵룬ҡҡͷһǵĵ̫ðղȥ׷ʲô飬ΪʲôɷͻȻ֮Ϣô࣬ҪչȥǶꡣ
ǻ󷨣仰ѸղŵĴ˵һ£˵ͷŤͷ˵ӣûа취ˣֻпˡ
˵ǵٻŮĻĵӰ棬ϼõ𣿡
˼ǣҿЩ˼ˡ
ҲΣյģʶû̫ķΣյҪһعͻɱķ˵һˣھ͸һҪҪλˡ
ΨһĻϣ֮ڣ޸ļ䣬֪粻ֹгͺݣġ˵꿴ʣϵķպܴ˵ᱻû磬ȥȥһ仰
һ϶ûô˼ͷӦȥ
£۾ʲôҪ롣
æ£ߵҵıֵָʳָָָסҵ̫ǵλã࣬鲻ʵԪϣ
һ꣬ҵԴ͸ըһһҲд̶ĶһعʱѾԼȻƯ˾׵İУҵͷһҵ嶼Աء
ҵ˵ͷۣ
ʱҾ͸оһɴķ


308 
ôֵĿطʵѧУǸСſڣҴʱǸӵ¥¡
ֻСûһӰԵģľ
㻹ܹܲˣ˵
Ҫ飡
飡
ͻȻ¥һʹһһŮ˵Ĵ֮ǰļңæȥҲÿţֱӾܴǽȥ
ҸսӾһˤʱһһŮ˿ʮңӦþĸĸˣʱ˲֪Ϊɶ첱Ӵֵģһһ顣
ƿķ䣬߽ȥһȻ棬ʱ뿴ֻоңԼһǽǣ˫ֱϥǣڽ䣬ڷǱ游ĸŵġ
룿Ը硣ԱСһ£ͻȻһɺϷ˳һһսоǴϣվ㱼ĸоһ
˭һ۵ﴫ˳Ҳ̧ͷҿʱ۾Ȼ飬һǺɫģæ˵ǳ»԰㲻ʶ𣿡
Ҳʶ㣿ҡҡͷҵԴһЩ⣬ͻȻִһ뱻ŵһס˶䣬ͷ
ˣԭСʱĸľڣȻСӲģµĶǸĸҲԣСʱµľǸĸܣȻҴСͲ֪ϵǸɶûɶġ
룬һȥ͸ĸúľͺˣ֣Ҫȥ룬ֻҪƳϰͺˣֻҪܸ߳ţԼľ£ҪĿˡ
ߣͻȻִ̨Ҫ첻٣һȻһʮҵ롣
˫۵ʶѪɫаָ̨˵ĸ㣬룬һȥֻҪʲôҲͲˣɣ
˵ߵԱߣ֣Ŷڵϵ롣
⣬аӦ˵ʱӦþǴ˵еħϡ
ԱߵҲʲôаħ仯ģ붼룬ֻǰСе˻ꡣ
ҪħıԼꡣ
룬ߣҲæ֣ҺԱǸͬʱ֣ȴǰ˻ľ
ʱ˻Ҳηη̧ͷҺԱߵһۡ
̧֣ԱǸȥһæȣ룬ҪˣЩô죬ĸĸжģ𣿡
˻һҵĻһԥһ͵Ҿ㣡ңǲẦģȥ䣬õѡ񣡡
룬Իˣסеңæ˵
ҵĻԺ˻Ӳ˰죬ͻȻָʲôһ
ԭηηͻȻվòҲѸٵı󣬱˺ԱһģһģΨһͬı˵۾
磬þò뿴ңɵЦһʣ磬ԲˣĲȥǸĸ
Լѡ룡ϼ
ǰСŮԼҲе㸴𵱳һμʱ򣬴Ӧ𣬿ôҲûɣץȥܵķ
ţͻȻǸ˵߰ɣҾˣҾҪȥһҵĸĸ
Ϊʲôĸ⻹ʲôΪʲôҪȥǣһȥʲôûзգ뻹Ȱ˵
һ˵֮ǰһһȥҸˣȻҲ裬ҪҸĻ
ĻһĪĸж˵ǲѵģ˻ô˵ôҲӡ
ɲˣͻȻԱǸһ׺ݵĿ룬ȻǽϾȻһѪܵ룬һа˸
Ȼİ˸ǣ˻⣬ǾȻѾȫˡ
ЩĻǳ˻ȥȥȴԴһΣһعʱѾصԼˡ
һѹæʣôûУ
Բˣûгɹҡҡͷ̾˿ʱԶѾվһЦĿҺ硣


309 ޳ү
ܣ־ҪܣȴоԼ˫û֪һôҲˡ
Ҳһæ֣һҧֵϣʺɫѪҺ˳Ҳһɾ޴ġ˳
޼Ǭ跨˵Ժ̧һ룬ԭһƴȥ뱻ԺȻ˿
ϿʼѪԭ԰׵ҲǱɫͻȻſ죬һɺ̴Ӵ̳Һ˹
Ҵʱ˫ŸͶˣһԱߵҲһҿźԽԽ̺һͺҵؿϣһɼȺĸоؿڴͺؿһһ
Ҳһһ磬ҲǱɫˣҴʱģҲòȥɡ
ؿɺ⿪ʼؿڵͺҪϰϱһ
ҲͻȻͳҵǰС֣ҵĲҵĲӱһסˡ
ҲӻǵŽŵģָоһɴҲϴ˳ҸоֺҪֱҵĲһ
ҴʱҲָʲô뼸ָʶʲôģǵӾŻֵĶһҧԼͷһζﴫһſˮһȥ
Ѫֱϣһ˲ðһ̣ЩѪֱӱһûһϵ˼֡
֪ɷû뵽ôѪ֮ⲻ˵ɷ࣬ԹжؾûµģѪµҲеЧɷȻѪ
޼УͻȻһĴһɫâϣһһЧӻζһ£ζһҸоƵȵһӾʧˣæ޼Ǭ跨뷣
Ҵʱ룬ܽһһĶͷϣȴû˿Ч෴˲͸һһ㣬ʱؿڵǹɺҲѾӵҵĲλãؿڵȵλ֪Ҳʧˡ
ؿڵλҲǴһʹĸоһʱҲǲֹ̫ۡ
֮ǰõǼӦþǺܸ߼ĵϷ˵Խüܣ֮ǰʱɫͲ԰һƬˣղǸûζһ£ѩϼ˪Щĺ綼Բ
˵ղŻ³ĺ̴ˣʱҲ̱ڵϣѾûһ
군ˣԴͻȻһͷʱΪˣɷˡ
ҾͿʱͻȻԭһϵ¶˾ģһ˺Ҹ˾롣
ô£
ҿֵ룬Ѳķ֣԰ȫʧȥǣķԻϿΪ㡣
û뵽СѾͷƬӻܷңͻȻҶߴһ̶Һ֮ͻȻͳһɫӣͷϴһɫñһҰ׵ļһ
ñϻĸ֣һƣȻǰ޳ү
Ҫǰҿ޳治̫ˣϾһģˣһһ׶೤Ѫܵĳͷ棬ɫҲǲҰһƬҪģҲδرĺÿ١
ҿо״үף㶼жÿˡ
СѾͷƬӣԼߣ㣿޳һɵĿ룬ûһ
ȻɷƷǱȽϸ߼޳Ȼʼͨ䣬ǧ꣬Ǽǰͳ˹ʵŹˡ
𣡡뿴޳֣¶˾ֵģڰ޳רжȻҲǹȴЩаɷĿǡ
һһӴɷϱ˳һֱ˰޳޳üͷû֣Ȼ˵ֱſ죬һڳŰ޳Ĳҧȥ
һڿҧýʵʵ޳һҧ룬ǱһɿֲϢ
޳ʱϸҵĸоͺһֻҰޣҸо޳ҪɵңҲһͷ˼ˣĻᶼûС
޳һֱӾͱ˳ȥصˤ˵ϣ޳ҲŭЦããã
ֻҲǱŵûѾͷƬӾȻҹңƾ㣬޼ó˵޳һɫĿɥ


310 ǧʬ
һ޳Ȼͳ˿ɥһ޳Ƕˡ
ɥҴŶ֪ɶĴ˵Ǻڰ޳ԩߣЧСࡣ
ʵǴģڰ޳ܾ˶ħʵһ֣ĿɥҲԭ֮һɥǴͷ
ഫڰ޳ճ޳֮ʱ첻ߣҲǸ֣ͨʱӴһףһڣɥרаŶɷ
Ȼƾɥ֣רаɷ˺ڰ޳˱ǿԺȴǺÿɥץˣ޳һ޳ֿտա
үã飡æں˵
û뵽޳ͷĿһۣ޳һֻо˱һ֮ǰеǹɺܵöࡣ
ɷԵ޼ó޳ޱĿңһɱӿһɱ֣˵ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣȻ޳үʦе㽻飬εĴ淢ŭɱˣҲģһ˳ֻҸɵ
Ҳֻ˵µţҲҪھͻɢֻԺл취ˡ
ʱ뿴޳ó˿ɥľڵϣɪɪ˵ӣ뷨ûˡ
ߣ޳һſɥһӣʧԭأʧ˲䣬ԭϵЩɫɷԼؿеɺ˲ʧ
СӣҾ㣬ϴҽĶұǻˡ޳˵תҪߡ
￴Ű޳ҪߣȨһ£ǿڵүߣѵû𣿡
˵أ޳ͷһۣȻ仰ͦҴлһ˿͵˼
үã治ܷ޼ֻҪүʲô˵ﻹаѽүҪǸȤĻ
һû˵꣬޳ʹҵĻ˵Ϊô
ү˵ɣֻܰͶ̥ͿˣˣҿŰ޳˵
ͻȻ޳˵ϾȻ¶һ˿΢ЦЦе˵үڻ浹мҪæȻԾܾ
ݣ˻٣ܾܾô
ȻﲻˬҲţЦݣŰ޳Ц˵үĻֱӷԸ˰ôɶ
Ȼ˵һͷڿ񱼡
޳ڵҪһ¡
ʲô£үܷԸǡҼЦ޳ѯʡ
ȥһǧʬĵطһƣܼ򵥶Բԣ޳ЦеĿʡ
ȥǸ𣬻ʦɻʣǧʬ𮣿һ֪ɶõط
޳ȴ˿˵ûϵûϵڵ˶ȨϲƱ˸ɲϲģˣɷּ׼˵ǹڵĵڼأôһǲѱ˴ʮ˲ģʮ߲㲻ĵĵζ
鰡ү˵ЦҾ棬㿴ڵ˾ȱԼĻᣬүһĥԼʵĻᣬҸлأ˵ˣ˵ǧʬˣү£ʬҲ˿ġ˵ЩΨĵĻԼʵ¡
޳ȴͦ˵ģЦеߵԱҵļ˵ľҺܸˣǵãһǿƣҾͰøȥͶ̥ߺŸͶõ˼ҡ
ģ岻ݴǡҵ˵ͷ޳ʣү˵ǸǧʬʲôطԼʦĳЩƣܸ㡣޳˵⣬ָָһԣιȥ˵Լȥұ˰æʦҲֻѯǧʬ䣬ܸʦ飬¹شһЩ
šҵ˵ͷȻȴӦ˵ʱԼһƱȥǸʲôǧʬƾˣط־֪ܴ󣬸˵һôСĶˣһôҰ
޳ſ飬һĶҵĻһ£һҲûϵϵܴ㲻Ȱ˵ĻһֱӰɷ͵޼Ѻ
һ޳⻰ое㲻Ծˣ԰޳˵Ķ˵鿴ûô򵥰Ҹ뿪ڼѯһЩˣͻȻ޳ʧǰټ


311 ҽԺ
ҿ޳ԺؿڲһʹĸоָоرңһԱߵ磬˹ȥæ磬һԵϡ
ܿڵյվû뵽һͣ¾һѵľ˽æУԼˣֵˣϽæ
⳵߸ӣÿʮ꣬һϾ죬ǴʱһСģһҵĽһ־ͰҸˣȻҲΪûзҲǺִй
ݣ֣˵һץҵľҺ
»ԣ죡˵ԺǼ˼ۣȻһʮҵľߵǰϸ̧ҵͷ˿Ȼŵ˵ͷ˻֣ſǳ¾٣Լˡ
˵ԺץסҵǼ֣Ҳѯʵô£ôô
ԭʼʱ򾯲СԱʱѾ˴ľ׼гϳôĶЩҲûɲ֪ҲԺģҲǲ֪ŵֻ֪֪ͨ˵ÿסгϵˣ뿪
ʵҲܼ򵥣ȻסЩɷЩɷȥһ߳˿ܿģҺܿɷΪڤ;ԭ򣬶Щûпڤ;Ȼᱻ赲ҰȻ⼸Ĵţ϶Ҳ֪ʱ鲻򵥡
ھҪҲǷˡ
ҰѴŵ⼸죬ȻҺ㱻ųվҲҺȥҽԺȻҲ֪ҺȻΪ˱İȫǼӡ
Ȼҵݱ֤ʵԼˣ´Ҫ˵ȻҪִУȻʵѾְˣΪʲôǻԼ˵ԭǷҰɡ
ҽԺһ£Һ綼ûɶ̫⣬ҾǱ鵽ƣ͹ȣؿҲˣͱȽϹˣϵûʲô⣬ĽҲǺһֻƣ͹ȣȴһֱԣûѹļ
û취ҲֻҽԺסţĺüвٵľ鿴кü¼ڹģǿûѹҲûѯʣȴûһңֵͦġ
Ҵ绰ѯһ£֪ԭְֻڳɶǸֵĹ¼Сʵбģ廹ңСֻҪˣǲ˳ġ
磬ȻǺһģСĳԱҲ㲻ϣȻҪ
ĺüҶǴҽԺ磬ԭ᲻ֲˣҽ˵ӦòᣬӦֻƣعȡ
ȻڵʱźзĲ߳ԷأԺ˹ɫ԰׵øѩһܲã΢΢ſ۾ңӣģûɣ
ûûСһˣҲǸ˵ǺҪͬ飬ֵܣһץ˵ҽԺأúϢѹͺˡ
šԺĵ˵ͷȻֵͷ˯˹ȥ֪ӦǻûȫָɣҪϢҲҼ˳ȥߵڵĲš
ĺ˼ʹ˷䣬ʵҲ뿪ҽԺԭһڲǰǸһĲȻ˼е˼չˣżҲ棬ҲǷֵöͺ˼С
Ҫò磬ôҲռݵλòа
գԷûõûЦųź˼˵ʵҲԷƺ̫ϲϾδҪҵϱˣҶݰϸһ룬ܽʲôأ
ССװС
оˣԻǽзõ㡣
ɶ£Ȼ˼ϻģܸоҵǰʵкܴͬˣô˵أһָоţϣҵĴ
ɶѹˣôˣô˵Ҳǰ˳Ȼ˰޳ôҲеճ뻢ڵĸоٻлȥͶֻ̥ҪҵǸʲôƾͿˡ
˼ֵĿһۣΪҹİеְɣԴңòˣ
ҡҡͷˣһ飬ͲŰϢˣʱҪһԶţ绹ûָȫʱչһ𣿡


312 
ʲô飿˼üҡ
ʵкüζҪȥǸʲôǧʬߺ˼ÿζ޳ĻȻסˣò˵޳Ķ˺ܹؼԭ
ͱˣ뿪˹ҪһʱŻͰˡ˵Ժ΢ԥһ£߹ȥſֳ庮˼ȥ
Ҫ˵ҲǹŸɵģҶñһٵ뷨ˣ˼ξȻֻ΢΢üұסˣò˵ǸܴˣҶС˵Сĵ㡣
һ΢΢һ𣬵˵ͷȻתҽԺȥ˳ͳֻ׾š
ιʦʸǧʬĵط֪ʲôط𣿡˵ԺʦǱʣطʲô
ʦе⣬ǰ޳ȥȥʲô˵ҲҪκȥҲǧʬĵص㣬ֻ㣬ҲܰѴµ㡣һ쿪ʼ˵һ󴮡
ʦȴ֪ôһ˵ţԭҴܲµ޳˼ˣȥ̹磬һʦģҲܶ˵⿪ڽ̸ؼɻʲô
ţллʦȥ˵Ҫҵ绰ͻȻʦڵ绰Ǳ˵Ȼ죬ѽϣǧʬʬ̫࣬ǵʬĹĥɣһ˻кܴİ
˵ʦǱ߹Ҷ˵绰΢΢üëʦ⻰ǧʬ϶ΣأҴʱҲɵе㵣Լİȫˡ
走ģ¸ë

һɫķ£߳˳ɳƻҴʱǸɫıװŽкڹѪɰһЩ
߳ƻԺҲ֪Ǹôߣֻһ⳵ʦһ¼۸ٿ飬Ҳֱۣϳߣ˴ĸСʱŵء
ҰǮ⳵ʦԺ³۲һأغܴǺʡһأȺʡСĵؼ̶ҪŻ֮ƣǧʷ
ҵʱ֮ǰ·Ͽ飬ǸоֻÿſԵըݡȻʱһصҲ淢չĺܺã˿ûسǵӣһؼС
ҵ˸ùϢһڶҵһ£ȻһϾɵĿͳ̹ʻȥ
̹翴ǺܴЩС򣬵ȻҲرֻһ֣һЩݣӻ϶Χһġ
ڽȹ˹䣬ȻһѯʦǸʦ飬Ǹʦ϶ʲôһˣͨʻûɶϷֻЩ˲ʳһЩϢ
òʦ̹ͦģʵĵһ˾˵Լ֪˵ʦĻҪȥæܾλ˼ҿʮˣ鷳˼ҲãҾµַ
ʦԭס̹糤ֽβһС棬ӻһײ̣ûɶ֣浹ͦģһŵȫǹײġ
ߵſţʵ𣿡
˭
Ҹտڣһ˾ʹ˳˴õرãʮɣһͨˣΨһһЩ˲ͬĵطӦþ۾ɣ۾ܾ
˭ޱ飬һײԱ˸Լ
ʦɣãҽг»ԣ׾ŵͽܣʵġҳǰʡ
ҵĻ·һ˿Ц⣬ʣ׾Сһʲô
ʦʦһǧʬ䡣ҹ˵һ֪һģұ˰æʱһҪװӣǺõġ
ʦֱŤģϾˡϻ˻֣˼˵ǧʬطһ治֪ȻʦȻĵҾǡ
šʦ֮ǰҲԸ˵԰ϣüɻʲôҾͰĴ¾ϡ
Ժüͷ۾ʣ˵ǰ޳µģ
šҵ˵ͷȴϡ
ϹƬ̲۾˵ǧʬ𮣬ƣУҾͰһңǧʬ𮵽ʲôط
˵ԺͳöͭǮֱһףȻһץסöͭǮ̯ƿһöͭǮ۾΢΢˼һŵǧʬ𮾹ȻҾﻹԶȻǸطе˼


313 
ôϣǸطʲô𣿡ҿı飬ѵǸǧʬʲô⣿
Ǹ޳û˵ʲôʱȥǸƣϿѯʵ
ϸ룬˵ûй涨˵ʲôʱȥǸơ
ˣ˵ͷ˵ҸղŸһңȻʾʱȥǸǾһʱȱȥǸط̫ա
𣿡Ȼ֪ʲôݣһԼо϶ʮֲ򵥣˵⻰Ȼ˼֡
վ֣˼һ£ѯʣȻ׾Žҵģ˵ͦϲģô͸ѧһʱĵҸʱ䣬ѧٿԼ
˵үҴӦԼȥڵȰѵɨɾһͷ˿У˵߽ȥˡ
ȥҿϵıӰҿǵʱ䰡ԹҲйصģʦǲѧϰ˵ĵģõԼʦͬУұͳ绰׾Ŵ˹ȥ
׾źܿͽ˵绰Ǳʣô̹ˣҵô
ҵľǸϰɣҾʣʦҸѧͬⲻ
ʦҵĻȻڵ绰ͷ˵ҿϲ£ϾȻѧꣿСոȥɣסĻôܶġ
ȻԭΪʦͬ⣬û뵽ôϣ񻹺ܸ˵ӡ
ʦַԸҼ䣬ž𵷵֮ĻȻŹҶ˵绰
ˣҿСӴˣҲʲôʣȻʦô˵ˣôҿ϶Ǻôࡣ
æ˹ײıߵɨ㣬ϵײ̣ҲʼϸĴײ̣Ͼܳһʱˡ
ײݴһٶƽɣʮڹײķţߵĹϻһЩֽǮһЩֽˣҵҲСˣҲ£ɨԺһӣԼֻϷ
ҲûأϾһˣһ۵ʲôһѧͽе̬һׯȥĹײ϶ϷȻˡ
ŶҽӹǵһһЩͨɷҸϴ˸кӵȥ
ϵӾӵߣһֱӾߣһˮ··󣬹ֻܸպһӹȥ˴ӣͿһСɽһׯӡ
Сɽ²һС·ֱͨ棬ׯСɽµİɽϣׯƾɲׯ϶ȫ֩ƿſȿʱᵹţ˽ȥ
ׯӦǺöǰĽˣҳ죬֩浹ûмڹײģֻڣҶõġ
ʵׯûҲǱȻģϾл𻯣ҵûȥˣǻ÷ׯҪҲǹݰ
ҵңòײҵһëӣë滹ǻҳżëӿʼ
ׯʵ治СǷŹײĵĵطӦٶƽ滹һԺæ˽СʱҲŰطŸɾȻ˳ְÿײһɷ
æԺ۵ᱳʹׯ澹Ȼһ̫ʦΣ˸ëһ£̧ſϢû뵽Ҹ»ûأϾͱ˽
ϣѾײĴɨ£հׯɨһ¡Щһ˶ϲڿˣȻ۵øһװһⶼµģ
Ŀ˿ׯͷ˵ͦɾ
Ȼɾô˯УʣµзҪ
ֵĿϣǰѷҸҪڣͻȻϾ˵Ҫѧҵı¾͵ͨҵĿ飬ǵһ顣
ׯ˯һôɶ鰡ֵʣҡͷ˵ȻǿǵȻô򵥣ϵĽɰƷڹѪȫ
ȻֵǰװЩĺɫϣң¹𣿡
Ұ޳¹𣿡ҡҡͷҸоԼȷЩɷ
Ầµġϵ֮ԲΪжԸЩֵķ㲻£ôûЩʱôأ
ʵҲ֪ȷ͸˵ûЩָôأ
ʱ䲻ˣ㻹ܻվǰôͨ˵һԡ˵ת߳ׯ
ҿ뿪Ҳǳģһ仰޷ǾңԲ򵥰
ͳֻһʱ䣬ӣʱ仹磬̫Ҳûɶãϻ磬̫ʦϼ
䡣
һ˸ս۾ҿ˿ҿ˿ɫͺˣȻô͵ˣæóֻȻѾߵˡ
ΧҲ̫˵㣬ͻȻпأҿ˿ΧûɶֵģҴ˸ǷҲ׼һˡ
ȻϰҵĽͷˣҲĺ޻֮Ѫ
ߵſڣĨѴ΢һ£ȻҧֵָһȴϻһСаԺҾ͸оҵеľˡ
ͨѪķȻЧôȲɰ֮ĶȻѪ⡣ҪҲడȻʧѪģⲻҲѪϻһȲСķѾоܳˡ
飡
ͻȻĹײĴһ죬һͷһԭһõĹײ澹ȻһɱʬԭЩײɷûӰӡ
һǸϸ˺ˣæҿ˿ȻϵĿ飬ҿ϶ǲܵͷܵģĻҵĿҲͿ϶ʧˡ
ҿǸĹײģüòߵֻԱߵŰˣ뵽æһȥһžͰŰڵϡ
æŰ壬ŰǺܾǰĶˣԿˣһ㶼ء
ҿŰ壬СĳǾ߹ײȥ
Խ߹ײģ͸оΧ¶ԽԽͣ¶ȵҳܵķΧڣҾײĻҵʱײҲǾҡʱըһ
ͻȻײ澹Ȼһ˻һֻѪʬӹײ˳ʬѪܣıƤ˸Ƥһֲ֮
⾹ȻһֻѪʬ
֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣ҴһʲôѪʬʬմҿŰͳѪʬȥѾġ
ŰХһֻѪʬϣҵһ˲䣬ŰϾȻһ⣬¡һѪʬҸ˳ȥײһùײġ


314 
ѪʬҲûеô
ҸôأͻȻѪʬȻŴһˢһ¾վֳұ˹ܸŰͳȥ
ѪʬȻûұǳеŰײһײȻˣŰзģһְ˻ȥҾһŰ徹ȻѾѿˡ
̫ˣɶѾܱ֤ˣǹӵģһûأǸѪʬָҪҵŰײȻѪʬֱ˻ȥŰžһŰӦϣ顣
үġҿŰѾˣǸѪʬվѪģֳ
ѾĻΪûһˣæ˼һһſҧԼָȻһףһ˹ȥ
޼Ǭ跨
һĵؿϣǰ֮󣬸Ҫ߳塣
ٶĺܿ죬һӾܵҵǰһעͱڵϡ
һѪܵģԺһﻹһɲ֪ɶĻɫŧˮƤ滹һЩɫȥġ
Ҳ滹ϱһͳףæֱסԴ
ʱϣԴԴҲʮԶͻȻſ죬һȳĻɫҺһӾҵϡ
̫ˣһӵʬζҼ£Ҳ֪ͻȻһȭͰȻæһ㿪
ʹĲ˲Լ̫ˣҪĻҸоϾȻ̴̵ʹѲһġˮиʴЧӢӰҲûоӸ֪ǲǱˡ
ѪʬҲҶ㿪Ҳ׷ᣬ͸ҲһѪʬܿܵҵǰһѳץ˹Ҳ㣬ô㶼һһֱķԼ
޼Ǭ跨һƸͷȥһ£˺ü˻һ
аҺ񲻹ôûһҲ֪ϴʲôطôһѪʬ
ҸأѪʬ֪ʲôʱѾ嵽ҵǰһѾͰҽıסȻҵһҧ˹ϣ֮ǰŪЩĵĶûŪɾأҪһڣɵˣԼܶĵɱˡ
һȭ˹ȥһȭǴ˸ʵʵģ͸ûһҵ֣۵ܲˡ
ҲԽԽˣʲôһӦϵʬˡ
һоڵеΣˣʬҸǴ򲻹ѪʬҪ֪ϸҵĻҹѾˡ
ϣˣɣҲ̫ˣ˺оԽԽˣҲǶʣ֪򲻹Ҳƴ
Ÿ˵껰أһһ£һڡ
۾һҴʱ̫ʦϣʱصҸ˯ѵĻһ˿ΧѾϰ˵ˣæһЩײģЩаúõʱҲ˿
֣ղǸѵΣ԰϶΢һ۵ĸоΰ
ͻȻϾͱִׯĴ˽ɫͦѿģʣôоԼͨ𣿡
ղǸ𣿡ֵĿʡ
õĻϿ̾ҡͷ˵СӣղŵĲ֪ˣû츳õ˵ǰӶǿ㣬Ҳû츳˻澹Ȼû˿ɹǲʵģҪΣջ裬֪п黹ҹ˯ǵ˵Ļǿֱɱˣ
ô𣿡ֵͷϱ۾ҡҡͷҪ⻹ЩҪ֪Ҫץ
ץ
ĵΪʵӮֻѪʬģĥ˰쾹ȻϾ˵֪ôǣס߸֣üģʬߵ㣬ղһֱӺĺϣҲõ
ΪʲôЩʬҪأֵʡ
ʬֺüʮ֣ıǽʬзʬʬȵȣʲôʬںһǵʬڣǺǴɢǵʬ
Сһֱؿʲôãˣ֪ʲôģҲˣ𣿡
˵ԺҶʱ˵ͷԭ˵ЩԸֶһ룬Ҵ˼ƨûУԭҪɵİ


315 ؤ
֪ʲôǸ֣˵ΪʲôЩͱ˵Ժҡ
ҡҡͷ֪Ҫ֪ɸˡ
֪ʶϵҪľǸ֪ʶ˵ͺñ˵ղǸѪʬׯõĻǲһͨĻһо׾ܿȴ˿ûз
ֱܷ𣿡ֵʡ
һˣȻڻлʵʮֵƣǽƶѣкܶ಻ͬġϿҡҡͷ˵ԼúׯϢһɣٽеڶԡ
˵Ժת߳ׯҿϵıӰ΢΢ü˵ģڻĺʵ͸һεʱҲᷢһΣֻеԺŻᷢ
ˣҲԼ̫ʦϣԺľ˯ˡ
ڶһҾˣΪѧϱѵģƵطҲ̫ˣްûУȡůС
ʹ˴֣Լ΢ůһ㣬УǵȥҪӲУȻϵĴֵطǵҲɡ
غׯţҾϵĹײȥʱСϻûʲôӰأܵſڵʱ򣬷һ⣬ؤһļһڹײ̵ſڣûнȥ˼Ҳ뿪һ
Ҳû룬ؤȻҽȥ˳緹Եǡ
ž߽˹ײ̣Ĵòûˣһ¾Ϳ˴һţֻһɫĴţ˿档
ϣ𣿡һߺһߣߵǰһ
澹Ȼʮƽ˽ȥһߣ澹Ȼżʮޡ
Щޡ𹩷ţұһ̫Ͼʯ߶
氡ͻȻ޷һȺ۵ͯ˹ʮһСȻģвܹ
ȥͻȻϾʹ˽ȥȺСһ۵ûأƽʱôǵģ
Ŷ
ЩСôһǳ⾹Ȼʵʵĵͷܻˡ
üʣϣΪʲôôС
ϴӹȡ˼㣬ó̫Ͼʯǰ˰ݣȻ㣬ŤͷЩޡǰһ㡣
Żͷ˵˲֪ܣȻȥ̥ЩСҲûһΣұȥЩСŪҹһǷֹǵ𹩷ϣͶ̥
û뵽ĵػҪңʲôйŪЩȻʣȻȻǺ²Ϊʲô÷Ƿأܺ˵˵ġ
Ͳùˡϱָ֣ʲô˵ӦѾˣȥſڵǸһҸߡ
ſڵļһ
ԡϵ˵ͷ
룬ſڵǸһﲻ˵֮ǰǸؤôɻʣϣǲԣҲø߰
ˣǶĵڶ飬Ҹ߾ˡ˵˦˳ȥ룬Ҳߣ򿪴ţſŵؤ
ϸһؤʮҰɣƤЩơ
ǿҲףϸҵܲܲǣ߿㵲ˡ
û뵽ǸؤͷһۣȻֱӲ˦ңͷ˵
ǣӻưͰطҪȥҪв˵ضҲզðûɶȥǱߣǱ˶ࡣָ̹Ϊ˶ĵضγ˵
ҲҪģ˵ġؤͲ̧ͷˣͷ֪ʲô
Ҷļʶ̨磬϶ǸҪİҡҡͷؤ־ߣ˵ˣҽԶٷȻԼѾ˾У˰ɣ
ؤ˹ײԺؤͺܵʲôһͻȻһӾʹסˡ
ǣզˣҴԸڸ˳ɣҿؤɵģ֣ѲһԷ˵÷ˣ
ԵˣǴʦ˵Եˣؤҵ֣һʹϲ䣬ֻİץסͺһ
ʦ˭ʹƿһģ֪죬ԣٸûϴˣһȳζһҸоڻþбѪʬġˮ˻Ҫġ


316 ζ
ǣ侲㣬˵㣬ô£
ҡҡؤѯؤȴ۾Ŀңһһ˫ֻİץš
ϾȻЦеĴӺ˳ʣôؤˣ
ϣô϶ϲߣⲻԸ緹뿪𣿡
ͻȻģϻҿģû뵽ϾȻ˰˵ˣæˣĿˣؤζѾһˡ
һࣿʲô˼ɻϡ
ζԼ˵˵ɡϿؤ
ؤһæѿھͳԭгзޱߣ˭֪Ǹʬʵ̫գϵʬ䡭
ˡϸæڴĻһۣȻ˵һаζ׽аǰһƬһڵͷӣһ֪ٻ£ȥ갲Ǹһﻵ⵽Ǵϵʱȵһ㽶Ƥˡ
ɣһڵͷӲӾԼɻ
ߣǼһﻵÿ춼һѵԩҰƽﱻŵˣ֣һЩѵϵ
һиĶӣǰζʱʱ򣬾λãԭζʸλãȴֻҪܺ׾ˡ
ЩңҴ㣬þһ򾡣ζȻǰĶӣȴûвЩ˵Ļûʲô飬ζһҪһλʬס
ߵĶǸʬĻϷľ񣬱ǵ̵ĵʿ
ʬĸ׵ðŪģʬģȻѰһʬأ⻹㣬Ĺϲһַֺ
û꣬ԭµһЩȻɣ˲ζĸײɱˣζҵҪҰæ
˵˰죬ǰĴ˵ˣҿԱߵؤǣû뵽ôһѪʷҾʣϣΪʲôأ
ûаǰ֮˵ϰߣҪ֪Уƶ϶˶٣˲УζСҲûйһǰ㵽Ȼ㣬ڰﲻͿԼˡ
ʲôﰡ˵ҲЩ
ѲӾȥǧʬ𮣿Ϸһ䡣
һ⻰Ҷʱû˵ˣ˵ĻûҪһͨʬأûʬʬ嶼ԸˣҲȥʲôǧʬˣȥҲ
磬裿ζһСĿʣҲӦһҵ˵ͷģҹˡ
Ϻ׼һͳǸɫıĶǼ档
ھҪ߰
ָŰζ˵˼Ҷһˣ㻹ǸϽȥɡ
ҵ˵ͷӹ˱ζһﻹæܹ˵ǣ˵ͰѱԼϡ
ϸһ͸ζ̹ĳվȥ
һ·ҺͰζҲԭһнĸϪĸϪĵط˵ǰҵݡ
̹ĸϪ绹ԶģҺͰζһСʼߣһСʱ͵˽ĸϪ壬ĸϪû̹ôˣ涼ҪС١
ҵȵ˽ĸϪ廹˱Ȼζ飬һǾܾˡһǲ̫˼ñôһֱţǣҾ˺üʱԺѾǱʶҪЩ֮ĶԼϡ
ĸϪͦģͨĴҪ٣кüٻ˼ˣģǺ֡
ζ߽˽ĸϪ壬Ҿ͸оһ۹⣬ЩԭֺǺǵһζˣɫѿе˳Űζֱƿڴ
ζûлػֻһĵͷߣΧЩһŭģ治֪ǰǸǸʲôŭԹ飬ЩصĴ񲻹棬ֱƿڴ
ŰζһᣬһéǰͦζóԿ׿˽ȥ߽ȥһҲüͷӾһ䣬ݶ©꣬ЩǽҲʱᵹӡ
ª˵㣬磬ζ˵ŻҪҵˮæ˵磬ôҴ󣬽СԾˡ


317 ڷ
㻹ȴȥ㸸׵Ĺؿɣܲܽһءҿڵ
ζЩˣæ˵ͷ˵Уʦǡ
˵ʹߣܿ߳ĸϪ壬ĸϪȫһЩСɽ£̫ߣζ˶ʮӵӣһСɽ¡
΢΢üͷʣǲ
ԵģǸʬ˵ҰֲһãƣԵסҸװһЩζ˵ͷָһƬظҽܡ
ЩҲ̫ûˮʶˣôأкùġ
ҸŰζСɽߣȻֱߵСɽµߴȻ󰲼ζָСɽ¶һĹλ˵ҰֵĹˡ
ǰһĹ޵ͦɣϾһڵ磬һˮֱҡͷĹΧȻΧһȦҷĹĺǰҪͺܶ࣬߹ȥһĳߵ͡
νغһߵͣϡغĳߵͣޣҪⰲҾ󰡣˵ˮдͷϲ˲ͷ
һؾܸⰲҼȮˣæһűӱᣬһ˿ϸ΢ζѪζһ
ˣϽƹףĹ¸ɡ֣ϵĵ
ζһεĳ˵Ҹǰ˲ٵĻ£ǿ϶ҵģǮˣǼеļҵûˡ
϶ǲܼˣû磬Ҫһ׸ĹֱӾʬ䣬ʱ롣ͳǮ˿ǧֽҵݹȥ˵ȥҴﵨӴû˻Ǯȥ
ˣллˡζһмĿңҰ˰˵ˣϽȥ
ζ˵ͷæӵķȥ¿ɲˣҿĹأǰζ˵ģϵѾһ꣬ôŨʬصĵط϶һ㡣
æȡ±˿ҳһֽǮŷͷһ·й·Ҫڳҡ
ͻȻһ紵ȻֽǮȫˣһŶû£üĹͳ̣óϣߵĹǰ棬ȥ
ղȥҲŸ㾹ȻѾϨˣͳĹϹˡ
Ҷͳ֧ϣͻȻһҵĴȻԼһӱˣôҲǱҵۡ
һͲˡ㣬õ䣬ǴҾڵϿģЩתһȦԼȼĵ
տʼתأͻȻ͸ǦһصøǦһһҧһᣬȼ
ȻˣεûϨ
鷳ˣеĻҪ⣬ԾѾɷˣֻûҵʺϵĻƹ׶
ֵ˴Ŷʮңζʹʮ߰˹⼸ӿͦ׳϶ųͷ
ʦ⼸λæġζĸҽܵҿ˿һȻʣӴ𣿡
һ̬Ȼ㲻˵ͷһʣʦҲǵһθˣϼף
ھסҺԥĵһӾʣ԰ʦƷҪϲ𣿴Ĳ̫ð
ϣҧǰ
ȻҲû˵ֻ˵ҵľУأڡ
ϡ
һǰζǮģǮ£ȥͿʼҷأȻ
ζߵԱʣʦû°ɣ˵᲻
ҡҡͷڹײļһŽв̾˿ҪǵֱӰѰ˾ûˣȻᳫ𻯣طˣرˣ֮Ȼʬֱᡣ
һں˼أǱ߿ڵļʹУˣײˡ˵⼸ȫˡ
Ҫʽģǻǲܷϳóұӽ̤ǲߴﹾһͨҲԺҾͰ˰˵ˣװɡ
æܹȥѹײĸ̧ڵĹײ澹ȻͿһɫĶæȥǣȻѪʲôѪͲ֪ˡ
ײͿڹѪǿԷֹʬɷǸʬҲôģѪǴŮ֮Ѫ
ζҲæܵײԱʹҲһڡ
æԱǼ˵Ͻݣ


318 
⼸ȥѶ׶ҸϽ߹ȥ˵Ǽ߿һ㡣
˵˵ͷ˼ζҲҿǶ˿ˣץסײĸһƣȻæһһۿԿĺɫʬӿ˳
һͱˣ߹ȥײ濴
ʱײŵʬȻûиãȻȫǺڵģΧǱɷƣ͸һһ㶼ûи
ҰѹײĸǸȥ˵Ҳ𣬸ˡ
ζ¶Ϊѣ˵ʦܲܲ𻯣
𻯣ֵˡҵһۣɵվŵе˵ϽҲգľ񣬼ס
صĶ϶ǲеġ
ʦҰֵ𣿡ζԺңҾ˵ʬûϵ͵Ӱ̫ү࣬Ҫթʬ˵һɱľ㡣
ζɫЩѿʶײԶ㡣
ϵɱȵӰ̫үӰǸνġʬһʬˣֻ˶ʮ꣬һʬҪ
üŰĹľ̫ү˵ĵȻ÷ˮ˷ˮ֮ǰҲǿ鼪أ㸸װʬأʬ岻˵ʬ䣬Ҳɽ֮ϣĹһȦ
㸸ʬǾͱʬ򣬿ԺҲ̾ʬԹΪʬĹϱô֣أͨʬҪʬ䣬ͿԺ֡
ܿ˾ͱһѵĲˣһȻұǸʲô˵˲Ҫ𣿡
磬⵽֣ȥĶհհһЩ
ҿһԱߵĹײģײĿ׵һֱֵֹģҲ˵ϣе㲻õĸо
æȡ±ͳһƿÿȪˮƿװŵĺڹѪëպһЩľϣ¾Ϳʼаһ룬Ҹоײʲôƹײĸǡ
ʹһŰѹײĸǸ˻ȥٵĻŷײĶ̧ͷһգ֪ʲôʱϾȻһƣյİˡ
ͳʣĺڹѪ˽ϣȻŹײм䣬һͱ˽ȥ
һͱȥײĶһӾͣ
Ҳŵһ亹Ȼڱס̫Ͼǰ죬ϵĻ϶Ʋסһˡ
һԿȥ֮ǰڷصһĶɫҰ׵̱ڵϣһҰףζҲǱŵòᡣ
¹ײģζæʣʦô찡㶼ƷҰ𣿡
ʱŵûļһϽҲ
æתͷͿȥûþһѵĲ𣬻ľ
æѲϣȻѹײ̧ȥ
ҿһ׼ˣ˵𣡡
Ƭ̣˾Ŵĸɲʹĵ㡣
ʦадݸ͵㲻ȼ˼ˡ
߹ȥһǣĻЩɲݣǲȼ
˿ͳһŷһ⻹ѧķƽɲôҵȼϵѸɲͶ˹ȥȼһѵϣɾǲȼ
̫ˣüʱ䣬һңҾ˵̧̹ׯ
ʦ̧̹ҪǮġһһﾹȻǮ
ҵһۣʼ˵а̧ˣҲ鷳ǰģͶ⣬ܳһҵǵʱھǡ
𣬴ʦǾǿЦɫˣĻǮųͷӣ˸ϰζһ̧ľ̹ߡ
ȻʱҺͰζֻһСʱǻȥʱɻиײģСʱŵ̹磬⼸ҵׯȻѹľׯġ
ԭ˿һ¹ľģ˴ɣҪǧǮ˵ǲ£ҲûǮϾ˼Ҳô飬Ҳ뿪ˣ֮飬ǿá
ζȻҲܣװϵڿ϶ǲߵģи˿ľҰʣµĺڹѪ˵ˣ
ҵȥϣʲô취⿿һ˿϶ǲеġ


319 ʬ
ҺܿܵϵĹײ̣˽ȥеһ̶أһ߽ЦеʣСһǸûС
ϣæģǸһɿʬʲô취ûУҽĳʡ
֪ϵ˵ͷҵȻȥʰɶ
Դĳ˵Сӣסɽǲĥǽжƽ𣬲ĥԶҲɲ
ǿʬ򣬿ܽ̾ʣʬĲԺٹĵطһʬѾͷ۵ˣһѹң벻ѡ
Сӿû֣ϵǰѽǽʬļ죬ʲôƨʬܺͽʬֻҪýĺˡ˵ֲˣ̫ʦϣеĳ̣С
һ˵ɣ˵ףֻҪѽʬĺУʵأǿʬ򣬺ʬֲ֣ǰվ򣬶ҺȻ㣬ô϶СĵĻסԼĺ
òҲֻкʬӲˣ˭ϲæء
ȻϲæҲתߵׯȥܵׯʱ򰲼ζһСĵĿׯ棬һˣ͸״үһˣ˳ľܵǰ˵ʦڻˡ
û°ɣҿζɫ͸˵һѿ֪һŵģȻɵϵǼһܳײϵġ
ζæͷ˵ûûУ⿴ţһҲɲȥ
СҪĳʲôƵһܵľ
ˣȵײŰɣȫĵطʰһ
ζһԼжĿһ˵Ⱦͳ̹ķ񱼶ȥ
˻ҳıӰһָ漴ׯҲͷô
ҿ±棬лֽɰڹѪëʵȶҿɫҲˣʬûæŻֽħɷ˴ңɫȫĺ
æħɷǹײĵ棬Ȼۺؽɽ鶨ճطĻᦣ뷡
Ժײ澹Ȼһ㵭ɫӫ⣬ħɷɡ
ͻȻǹײϸ΢Ľһǲ㵭ɫӫҫһ£ʧ
ʧͻȻײϲǰѽȻˣǼһһֱûܳΪӡסѽŪͻƹ׶ˡ
ҲȥֹһζֹûãһʱⲻһǹԮҲûңҪġ
ȻҲôðγģѽƳ϶ҲĲٵ
ĲڼԱСĵȴʱһƹ׶
Ź˰СʱҶ첻ͷˣҿСʱ۾ĿһﻹеСţָоĺۡ
ͻȻײĲæ˺
Ȼͱ浯˳һǰæ𽫳һ̧ͷͿһӰ
ʬͺͽʬǸ̫үϷһɫ£۾ź⡣
Ҹ𽫳Ӧͱһ˵ڵϣ˫ֺݺݵץסҵļҶʱӼϸеһʹһָ׺ܷҵļ͸Сһ۵ҵһ
һ̫͹һˣ˵̫߹ԼˣҴʱ˫ֱݺݵץסָ׺񶼿̵ҹͷˣ˫ָòҹϵһڰҧƣһζ
һѪϾȥѪһﻹЧһʬ͸˱һð̡
ʬҽһɿҵļԼˡ
ָ׹׳Ѿҵĸ첲˸͸ˣȻ̵ҵĸ첲û˵ҵĹͷ
һ˺첲·첲һָ״̴ĶھȻźɫѪΰ£⾹Ȼо綾
˫Ҳʼͺҩ˫ľҿǸʬʱҲǼеˡ
Ҳ˿ʱǲܹˣæܵԱߣɰڹѪ߼ϵ˿ܣ˿һڹѪҲһʹ


320 ʮ
úڹѪܣһʼʱǺۣһͺܲˣȭͷҲ΢ʹϵˣæŽվСĿŲԶڼеʬ
Žľͳʬ߹ȥղһѪ¹ȥǰ۾һµˣŻûңұҪһûлָһýһӡ
ʬҲĹײԱͣվڹײԱߣʱʱĻһ¡
Ÿ߽ŵһɶʬζʬ񻹸ӦҴʱڽӽһȻ˫ֺһ۾λһ
Ȼ鶼ѾѪսˣֲ֮ҲȻܿٶϣٶ֮죬ֱǺš
𣡡ͻȻʬоҷһ㣬Ҿ˹ҿҲ㣬ŽӾʹȥֻҪ˹Ĳӿ϶ǱסˣʬҲɵӣæ֣һץס˽Ȼ˳ƾͰѽƿһֻ־һץסҵĲӡ
ȥҲ̫ˣҼ亹ˣʱ̣һ㲻Сͻûеģθղ˫־ˣȻصˣǻ۵Ҳò
ʬҲӵҲԽԽҴˣԽǽʱ˵ĴԾת÷ɿ죬Ҳϵ˼ڵľҪôܽ
û취ֻ޼Ǭ跨壬֮
һϾͳһ⣬ʬץҵҲǺ񱻵һ£һ£ɿңæȥ
ȻһЧȻһҲһȻǲ˵㣬ɢЩɷⶼ赲ס˵ǰʬˡ
ѾģղŲġҿʬֺһҡڵĳ˹ȥʬæ˼
һǰأͻȻҸоһϮһͷһȻһð̹⣬һСӣһݺݵײҵıϡ
ҶʱоҺ󱳾ͺͷʹĴһ£СһҲܣһײҲ߻صģڵϣǶҪɢһ㡣
ⲻС𣿡ҿСһͻȻоʲôطģϸһͨˡ
ˣʬкٹ⣬òԹɲ٣һͷһȻׯĴſȫһɢɫĹСһĿҹЦ
ͷƤͨһըˣ벻˭üʮСֱĶţܵġ
޼Ǭ跨Һԥһ׳ʬȥ͸˵һûʹõ츳һȥʬֻǱˡ

һȺСЦһͷһǼʮСȻ˹ҿ۾ɳˣ亹Ҳˢһ˳
ʮֻСǼʮֻСèССèСʮֻ˹ҲˣŵԴˣȫ֪ôˡ
֮㵽񽫣οͨ飬²Υ
ϲ֪ʲôʱȻѾվׯſڣ֮ԭһЩɷСһһһܵϵĽ£˳ĸСèһ
ֻסҵЩСЦеʼ硣
ģҿǱˣϸղĲͨһ䣬Ҳᣬһķû˵нȴôһ併ôһȺС
ΨһĽͱϵĵѾߵһܸߵľˡ
ҿԣʱĵҲ˲٣ȻҪҴ򲻹ĻϿ϶Ҳְҵģ뷨Žʬȥһĺ
ʬʵûʲộǺԱһɵľͶ㿪һȻһצҵĶͷץ
ץסҶͷһ˲˼˲оһɾæʶʹȥһ¾ͲһС
һҲУʬͳұ˹һסҾͿ͸ǸһΪڣҲ֮ǰô˳ŽӾͱ˽ȥ
֮ǰһֱ빥Ĳӣȴһֱû֣ԭڽǰȻȶӲ˶٣һͱȥæŽŤһȦʬһͱҲæһҧֱָʬϻа


321 ε
аһʬؿڱҫһ⣬һʬа˳ȥҿɣæŽȥһĺȥ
һ˸ʵһ̽ȥʬĺӿ˺ɫɷһ۵Թȫں棬ýһͱеɷй¶˳
ʬҲڵήʱʱĻһ£ҲܼٶѸٵĿήһ߸ɱʬ壬͸ЩѧڹĹڳĸʬһ
СӣɵûϿҸɵʬҲЦеĳҿ
æҡҡͷȫס⼸ʮֻСȻ¹˭ֻһأÿʬÿʬкٹôսҲȻᱻסЩСɵʵ׵ˡ
һ֪֮æ˵ȫ쵼ָӵúá
ЦǺǵʹҶͷһµָӸƨСӻԶأڶˣһӣϢ죬Ȼٸ顣
ϡ
ʬʵǲǱˣҸɵһֻʬʵֳɾ͸治һǿ
ϻصײҾϢ죬ʹ˯˯ҲһǸʬνŰǧٱ飬ȴʬҲǺˬġ
ǺܶݵģȻҲΣѧһֽϽҵģĻ˵ֻҪɣɱݣǧ֮ȡн׼
ԼYYģϸҵɽƾ׽ڳɱ˸߽߳ʵʣǹô룬˵Ҳ̫ϵˣ뻹ˡ
׽ĺãֻӣ֮˹͵Ľôɱôɱܶལľ趼ǱԼһǸ񵲣򿪴Ľ
ϽҵĽӭŵ˵ĽԼҲһȥȡ˵׽ľ裬˵׽ĳ£Ѿôųġ
ȻϹײ̵ܲҵû˹Ҳ˵һû⡣
Ժĸ˯أϾܵԱ˵Сӣˣʱˡ
ԭʮ㣬һô˵۾˸ǷʣҪɶ
Ȼ֮ǰЩ鶼ףȴܶԼϱţȫ浹ǲôġ
ģεĿǰǲһģɡЦеĿңһЦǷģҴµЬȥ
ǾԲҵĿɡ
θĿĺɣһǿԵȵ츳ڶǲʵʵʶֵʵҲǲƷġ
ҵƷǹصġҺٺһЦҶԼƷԵš
Ծ֪ˡϵһЦóһһŻƷǲһĵĴԸǵҳӣھͻ㣬һͨˣƷأұӣҵһ־ѧ
ڻԾܾת뿪ŷңٴθһᣬæҡҡͷȻ˵ˣҶԼƷŵġ
ʵҲףҪǾܾĻ˵ҶԼԸûţôϻҲԣֱӷңЩ΢һ׵ġ
ϵ˵ͷȻŷҵĶͷҸоŷҶͷ˲䣬ʱоԴһƬհףʲô֪һ
͹һ˲һ۾ǰϣʱϾȻ΢΢üʲôΪһ
ҿ飬ʱﰵãСʣϣǻ˰ɣ
仰ͨͨϼȻ˵Ҫң϶ϵģû뵽ϾȻҡҡͷ
˿Ҿ˵Ǻƽʱ϶᲻òһֻôǻⲻô
Ҳûмĺû˵ʲôס̽㣬Ҹղָһ¡üҵΧȻˣֻҪմߵĶȻ㲻֣̫ˣǵʦ̳а֮꣬һ顣
ˣѧҵĵѧ٣ȫԼŬˡϰ˰֣һǳ߳ҵķ䡣


322 
Ǳ΢ĸϿˣҲʼĿʼײϰˣʵ˺ܲǸƶҪһڱףҲǷĲա
ϲûнʲôǲԣҽ£ħֵĹ¡
ϵĻ˵ǣҸ츳ҪһһЩ顣
ʵҲ֪һҪľǻۣϸҽĸֹҲǵĽ£ԺҷЩֵص㣬Լڡ
ʱúܿ죬ÿ˳Է˯ҲûɶĻһξײ̴ˡ
¹ʵͦˬģǰĻʲôħ֣ϾڴˣŻûжħָ
ȻûɶħңҲ֪ϵʵֲܿĲ˵һҪΣԼ̶ҲᲷһ£
Ҫһ˸ⲻôԿѯǲԵСèССҲǻгͷġ
ϰѲԵɺˮһڣҪôǸһֿܾǣĳķ
˵ģǲôԸŻǺߵģΪѾͨ˿Դˣȴʵڵʹò֮һûܵʲôͷ
ȻҲ᱿ȥѯϣϿ϶ǲҵġ
̫ʦϣ˯أϳȥҲݺȲˣһҲǺС
ҵĵ绰ͻȻҲҪ֪ҹ绰ͻû˴һȻ̩ġ
æ˵绰ʣι̩ôҴ绰ˣ
ҵ֤ҪҪˣϾǱҵˣأϽñҵ֤̩Ǳһ˵𣬶ˣϾͱҵˣȻҺᣬʵϰѧУء
룬ƺûɶģҾ˵Уɶʱһϻ
죬ʱƻбҵᣬϽɣ˵ˣϱҵˣϻƾأȥǺȾȥˡ̩˵͹Ҷ˵绰
룬Ҳǰѹײ̵ŸϣϲĲȥ
ڵĲҲһ棬漸Űÿ涼żˣ̶Ų裬档
ɨһۣͿأܹȥ˵ϣѧУϾҪҵˣҵûȥñҵ֤
ŸտڣϾ͵ͷ˵ȥɣȥɣæ˿ǡ
һϴӦҲͦ˵ģʵϱ׾ŸʦһϾ׾ʵûнʲôҽЩ£Ҳǰʦˣͬ⣬һҲͲȥˡ
æϸǣȻֱӱ˳վǹײҲûɶҪʰĶ

㣬߳վų죬ҲǸ֣̾Ȼ̹̹İ֮ãҲУڳ˵ôҲӦ
ι̩ѾأɶȾƣӹԻɶ֣ˣѧУǸ꣬С֡˵͹Ҷϵ绰
ˣȻǱҵ϶Ҳˣæͳֻ˹ȥҲǺܿͽ˵绰һӵ绰ңѾأ׾ŻҸ绰ȥѼȥ˰ɣ
Ѽӣ֣Ѿˣأ
׾ŲҴ绰ƾӰѧϰɡ
絹һҲ˵ҲǸյѧУأôҳԷ
ѧУǸ꣬Ͻİ˾ûóˡ˵ԺҲ͹Ҷ˵绰Ȼһ⳵ѧУǸȥ
ҸϵͻʱѾǰСʱ֮ˣ̩ڶ¥һżˣ߽ȥһ˼ȻҲڡ
˼ȻһɫȹӣŮúܡ
ҲˣҲˣԼ˸££ͿˣæƬҵˬûл
㣬ûԹһ˼˳ָҵһˮᶼˣԽԽ
ҵ˵ͷ˿˸ˣʣףСأ˵˽ô
û뵽һᵽС֣ɫ£ֵʣôѲˣ
پǹҵ˼
ٸƨˣ˵˵žһˤӣŭ˵
ҿģüʣôˣֵֵܼìܺȵƲ͵ô
翪˵ӣġ


323 ˽
ԭìܾǰһͿʼˡ
ʼǺͼ򵥵һСìܣ̩СӢˣ˶ӵҪΪǶԷˣȻɳˡ
Ҳһ򣬺Һ뿪ԺסһֿʼٿʼеСìܡ
ⲻҪҵôСֺһɳľ˾ˣʱС־ȥϰˣ̩Ȼǰǵְҵȭ֣ɹô꣬ܶණˣ֪Լְܵҵȭ֡
Ȼʱ̩ûȷĸطʱ룬ȻƽʱеСìܣϾСֵܣȻȥСְæҲȥСǾ˾﹤ϾôйϵûһЩ
ԭСҲǴӦúúõģǸûȥ̩飬ԭҲˣϾұ˰æ˲Ҳ޿ɺǣҲ˵ʲô
Ļ̩Ĺʱ򣬵ʱ̩ΪȶһǰȻֱӱо棬ȻҲǵײģ˵ʲôʱ˿أٷƲΡ
û뵽СһۺȻȥ˾ˣ˾ôҲһɳо滹йϵ˲񣬾ð̩ĵˣһСسȥˡ
֪Ϊʲô˰ɣСһ̫ǶˣƽʱһСìܣôƨ£Ȼҵǰ̡̩һŭ⣬ӺòȥʱҴϼͷ⼸ҲǳԺˣԺ϶к֢
ҵ˵ͷҲǰһСµȷ̫ˣֵ֮ìܳ־ˣô̫ˡ
ͻȻ̩죬ֱˣ˵ʲôһҾʣ磬ɶֱ˵ǣɶ
ǣСΪԭ򡣡̩˵꣬Ҿֵʣꣿ˭
һߵĺ˼˵һ׷ҵĸϵǽֵĸֳ
Ҳû룬û£ǲǾˣҪǣҲܹǣỹǵᡣ
˵ԺǼͿǾԽԽˣơȫſˣҲ࣬ʮƿҲǲˣǺ˼˼
ڶһǼ˾ˣҲǵ棬һ죬ʵ˵ĸ棬˵ĸǷ·
Ҳ֪ôǮһ˵ҪĶҰ
ȻֱӾˢĿɿڴģԺҪǰȢϱ˰
һ죬ÿ˶ĸ鲼ڴȫǸ·Ȼʱ˼ĸܵһʲôᣬ·ˡ
ûֱӸǮ͵ˣô·Ǹô¡
˼˵Ǯᱻֻ̰и·Ż͵Ҫϡ
ú˼С˶ٷ˺ܶ࣬Ȼͻؼ˯ıҵˡ
ʵҵһͬѧAAƾУͷɶȱǲȱ˵ǸļһеģһǼƵоƻᡣ
һֹǰͬѧҪø֪ԭɣ࣬оͰǰͺ˼ŮӰࡣ
ǲ԰ײԣɵвȥĵ
̩һﻹһʽװ˸͸ϵľӢһҺﴩôʽ˵ò쵼ǰǴʽһá
Һһ룬Ҳԣ쵼˾͵ôʽ緭ڳٵӵ·һɫT滹Ÿͷһţп㣬ţпϥϵƶһɫܽ˵ڳٴµսۡ
У޵ıøһһɫTһʰ쵵ɳ̲̿㣬˸ī˧߶˴ϵεװ
Ȼ绹֪ʲôطҳһ磬Ҿ͸ͷһɫһɫ
ں˼һɫĹȹĸžʹ򳵳ǸƵȥ
ʱƵѾкܶȺߣЩһһװģͷģЩŮҲǴȹ֮ġ
ӣӣȻϽȥһ·ɣӽȥϲ̫ð̩Һ
ûû£ǴװĵľǳɹʿҲǴݵľǻӣôˣⱲӰֻҪˡ
æƨһţһһ˵ǳƪۡ
λ˽ᣬǲܽ롣
ǻ˵أͻȻһŮǡ


324 ӣ
һȻһӭС㣬̩æó뺯˵Ǳģװ˵㣬ϲCOS
COSӭСֵĿһۣӹ뺯һۣ˽ȥ
ԭ绹˼鷳أҸסˣױݣ˼Ǿְһ²Źˡ
߽Ƶ¥һŽȥʱѾкüʮ§§ˡ
ᣬ§һ裬ˣϾŮĺ٣ǴүǣһЩҲǿʼƻȭջͦ˵ġ
˼ˣͻȻһͦ˧һСװļһ߹庮˼ѯʡ
ǸԱǸﰡҿ˿ΧҲ֪ģͳһʡ
ˡ̩æҶС˵
ɶҿһ£꣬ɫҲǺΣЦһʣ˼𣿡
ѡ
ͺ˼һۣǵһæݣҲҲ磬ֱӸûϷ
û£ⲻûô˶׷Ȩʼ磬ƤǺúܣ˵˾ǣȥˣ˼Ȼһһϲġ
˵Ӿת뿪
翴һֻĳ˵ӴӣоŶ
ȥСܺô˵ҿǷ۹ҲôԲ㣿ҳԱߵĺ˼ʡ
˼ЦҵǸоõġ
øƨ
һ˵ҲһҵһˣûһϲƣϲȵҲ˽
һͿǣߵϣϲȵһ¾ͳЦСӣˣǲ֪ԽԽ׷˼ˣҪҸ㵲סЩһ˼˵ˣϽлң
Ϲ˵ĵסǮ˼QQءϲЦҺãҪ˼绰ֱӰҵ绰ǣǾˣ˼ˣô
òƻҽİ취һЩˣҷQQǮҲȥ绰һҲû⡣Ҹ˵͸оһۣԱߵĺ˼ߵġ
һ˵ɶأͻȻи̨֮ǰǸ괩СװŻͲߵ̨ϡ
Һã꣬ķϻҲ˵ˣһҵĺӣԣȣҲЩദôͬѧһһˡ
˵˵ûǳ˵ģٵ˱˵ֱĵȻϵպϵյȫһ
̩һѾģҳȥŪɶȥҸٻȥ죬Ǹ缸һ棬š̩ȵòֺ
ԼҲԼǼƵ꣬˻ĲҲûЩ
ͻȻ˲֪ɶз̧ͷһȻǼһʱǼһﻹһõ廨ӵķ
ʱӵ˻ʹƣһĻ
ͷá
ܿߵǰһֻõ廨һֻŻͲź˼˵㣬ҵĶͣ˼õϲ㡣
ã
ЩϲֵļһʹĽֺġ
ҷġ
ǻܵӼ˵֮ǰ˵ˣڻǸʲô˼̫˰ɣǽҲڵİӣҲøӣ̩ȾƵơƿ
ͳӵԴһ˹ȥû뵽Сһﲻ֪ʲôطܳģһӵơƿȻ˵Ը磬侲㣬бġ
꿴СָԼסˣҲ˵ҷģֻҪӦңԺһõġ
ȥүġһ߿С֣ϵơƿĶͷϣӣҲ̫ˡ
Դһ
ʱͬļһ˹оȻС֣һǰûֵҲҲʵ̫һ㡣
ͷľʹæַסԴ̩ܿҲˣͺǴ
ҲִơƿԴʹģţѾģ̫ͷ϶
ס֣
ͻȻһȣһʮü˹ȵɶأҵҲң
֡պһ
ҿǸ㱻аֵ꾯죬ʱüͷ


325 
е˶Ŀ⿴꾯졣
꾯ܿľߵǼ˵ǰҾ˵ͬ־컯ոŮѱףһٲְѣ
컯֮£ìҲ֣ܶǼǾУҵģѵ𣬸ղŶֵ˶׼ȻȥָҲ꾯쿴Դʱͷŭ
Ҳú£߹ȥԱС˵ҽг»ԣǳɶ¼СԱ㻹ûʸץҵġ
㣿꾯¶һȣһ£ͳ绰ߵһСĺ͵绰
Źһӣ꾯쾹ȻЦ˹Ȼ˵ᣬᣬ»û뵽Ϊ
УҲͱӺõɡҿһһԻڱͷ۵ꡣ
꾯һô˵ҲǸЦһ˵ᣬᣬҼԡ
˵һץ·
Ҳü˵ģڶʵĺܶ鶼úܵˣԣֻңЩѧϰ֮ˣϣ壬׾ʦ
ҪǮƻȨףȴһײ̣ҲֻǿһãʦҲǿĶꡣ
һǰΪװB֮ģʵҲˣԽѧԽǶĺܶණ
ŸأͻȻСֲ֪ðģһЦĳ˵Ը磬ղŸϼһ˵ɶˣƨҷһˡ
̩ƲСһ
СƤͦģæ˵Ը磬ôֵˣΪôСְԲ
˵ŻһԱߣϵĽϲˣӣƤܲٺ㣿ղŴ»ԵҲһݰɣϽȻȻ㡣
ͻȻСɫͻȻɥд˶ߴߣҲֻϵãԺһݺõĹдҸĸһӣҪԺûϢôҸĸ
ҾС˵꣬̾˿С֣ûֻѵΪܸǰ̣Щֵܵİﲻ㣿Ǳֻһӣ߾ǵֵܣԼûأ߰ɣǴӴԺֵܹϵ
һֱΪֵǿ԰ѺиԲᱳѵģСָղŸҵʱҾѾ֪ˣСֵֵ嵽Ϊֹˡ
ݵᣬ˵Ҫһֱҵжãĸһ˺һƿˮĸ˳һ̣Ҳˣô˵ҲֵܵģҪúõġ˵Сһƿơƿ
ҲվÿһƿտơƣСȦҲǺÿ˶ÿ˵ĿࡣҸ׵زֻǮҾ˾ȻǸɳҲҾ˾ˣҼã磬ҲҪģ꣬øɵģֻҪ˾ͲһһǮˣԲ𡣡
˵ôҲûãѾǱѣ㲻ô˵ղҲԻӳˡ̩һȻ˵ҲЩ˸
һƿƣҺǣӴˣ٣ֵܣС˵꣬ơƿͷҲǱСֵЩȾˣ۽Ҳ˸Ứ
̩Ҳǲ࣬ɶҲ˵ˣҲƿơƴ
СֺƾҪߣ̩æڣվס
㻹ôСѾֹס˵ҶԲǣǽʲôҲˡ
̩İһ̣˵ȻҪˣٳһ̡
˵͵Ṇ̀ˣһһڣһ߳飬Ҳǿ˵ģȻСԲǣһôЩ꣬ȷʵء
ĵĪ̩˰ɣǼСǴõġ
ԺСҲתߣͣ
ֵܣˣ
СԺǼȻҲû˼Ⱦˣ̩ߣ˼ԭҸ˵ǼֵԼĿռ䣬ǼԼѡ
˼ҲǺܶ£ûи
˴򳵵ѧУſڵһտ̯Ҫ˼ơƣȻ˱
Ҳ֪쵽׺˶٣ԭΪСֵ겢أû뵽ֿʱŷСֶǼ˵Ҫ
һߺȣһ߿ޣҲ֪޸ɶֻСֵ뿪ɣеĸо뿪С֣Ժ뿪˵̩硣
ȻڹϵʮҪã˭Ҳ˵׼Ժ飬ֵܶгֱʱ
ҲûȥСֺͽ⣬ЩȻѾֿͽԺҲҲǰĸо


326 ɺɺ
ʵʵƱѧУϵжãᶼ䡣
ڶʱѾʮˣң磬̩˶ɳ˯ء
Ͻҡһᣬ˻˯øһһ㷴ӦûС
˼ʱɴ˳һ۵ˣˣǺ̫ˡ
һǺ˺ܶࡣʼһҲ̫һɡ
Ȼû°ɣȥҸһ¡˼˵Ͷһװ˵ͷϵĺëȸϴɾһȥ
һ˼ȥ˵Ľడæװƨƨߵľܽϴ˸裬Ȼװ
ƽʱҲǲϲ⣬һװ˧ú͡
·͸ź˼ߡ
˼Ȼߵ˻ǰסӣֵʣɶ
Ҹھʱסߡ˵ź˼߽ȥҲæŽȥģߵʱûʲô̫ı仯Ƕ˲ٵĻҳⰢ绹֪Լɨһ¡
ź˼߽ݣһȥͿɳϿأæ˵磬Էûõû
ˡƲһۣҲǺһҲùҪǺ˼Ĺϵڶȥһ٣Ļһ
˼мҲͦģŰ˵ˣ磬̬ȲҲõô
ǣǣ磬ǰǶᣬȻҳȥȾƣϣдСһʶȻ˵Ű޲ðҵЬϡ
ˣҲù㣬֪úþУҶԲõĻҿ϶Ū㡣һĿ˵
ˣҲˬ˵ˣⲻ˽ĽôһԱߵĺ˼Ҳû˵ɶæ˵ǣ磬Ҵģҳ»Ծרһѵһǧˡ
⻰˵꣬ͻȻֻ˳ֻһиȥȻɺɺ走ֲĵӰҪҪôɰ
æҶϵ绰˼Ϊң˭
̩ӣƻҺȾأⲻҰôܽǵĵ绰
˼Ҳûлң˵ͷֺͰԼ˿˼ңҲʱ˵Ρ
ޣθƨûԲ˼顣
ͻȻɺɺַһŹҵͷһ£žڸɶΪɶӵ绰˼ͰأҲûעˡ
Ҿæ˸ڣ˵ȥһˣȻܵŸˣŸɺɺ˻ȥ
ιС˵ڸɶأɶҵ绰أѵǱű͵ŮˣɺɺǱЦʡ
ȥղǸ绰㺦ˣ˵˾͵ŮҲ°Ҳ²˵ɣҴ绰ɶѯʵ
û¾Ͳܸ绰ûĵС˵ˣ֪ǰʱĵĵӰѾӳˣûڵزӳġ
Ʊôòƻһء
ƱΪǵ⣬ȽϲҵܶӰ˵ȥǳƱˡ
Ҿ֪̾˿ȻûУȴϾģݵø϶һƱܺòŹˡ
㲢Ϊ顣ɺɺ˵ͶƬ̲ŵӣй𣿡
ԥһᣬش˵еģⶫУޡ
ӣҺײˡɺɺ˵Ժ񻹺ҲæģҴƭ˵ġ
ô£˵ˣأҸϽһ˰ɡ
ھѧУأ¥£ǡɺɺ˵꣬Ҿ˵Уš
ҹҶϵ绰߳˲
ɶϸôã˼ҳһۡ
Цһ£ܸܲߺ˼ڲһСͨ绰ɣ˵һúܲҵģҾ˵ûɶ£㣬磬һе£һ¡
Ҫߣ˵ôʱ䣿һ׼Ѱ̵ļƻء
ϵʱ˵ɣԷ˵Ҿ˳ȥܵϣһ⳵ѧǵѧУȥ
ɺɺʵҲǺһģҲסɡ
Ҹϵ¥µʱóֻ͸˹ȥ绰ܿͽˣҾͳ绰Ǳ˵Ͻ¥¥ء
ûһɺɺʹ¥ɫҰף񲢲̫á


327 ɺɺײ
ǣզˣȴһءҿɺɺģԭһ֪Ϊɶ㲡
ɺɺ޾ɵ˵СԻԣҸоұȴһء
ôˣ˵˵ѯʵ
ߣȥҸط˵˵ɺɺҵ־ѧУߡ
ҵһȥһȽƧһĵطԺҪȣºһھǣܸҵ׷ʲô˰ɣ
ԻԣʱجΣεŮҵĲһȥͻܳҲӡɺɺһµĳ˵
һͷ˵㣬Ϊһجųӣڰɣ˵ˣֻôģҲ
ɺɺæҡͷ˵ǲǣԭҲΪֻһجΣҲûע⣬ϣȥϲֻˣҵĲӣ˫۵ңҲ˵
˵ɺɺװģ˫Ҳӣƿ˵˰ɴ㣬϶Σֻ̫ʵˣΪʵĶѣ㲻ج˾ðѼԼͷ棬֤㲻جˡ
ɺɺҵĻеʧ䣬̾ϢҲôҸЩѣȫţһΪ϶ҵģû뵽Ҳš
ЩĻŹأҴʱɺɺѾ˵ˣ˵ײаˡ
ϣңһаæݹȥ˵ǰʱһһŷȥҪǻǸĻŷȻ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣ˡ
ⶫ𣿡ɺɺӹаɻĿʣǸô죬Ҷǲס
ֽɺɺ飬Ȼǿסˣһһֽдȥȥúñһ£ŷһ㡣
ɺɺһֱǰŰɵӣòҲûİ취ˣֻˡ
ҵʱҲû飬ҾΪǱͨĹ»ҰˣȻܻеģһ˵һаҲ㹻Ըֻ»Ұˡ
λɻɺɺаȥôʹðɣʵЩÿ˶ʹõģֻܹʹá
ֻ˵ͨʹòˡ
ԺҲĸҵʵͦȥҰôµģһʱ䣬ˣȻỹ밢˼ԷأҪǣͦ浽ʲôԭð̣ڵùȥҰѯô¡
ɺɺֱ߳˿Ҳͳ绰˼ȥͨԺҾѯʲôط˵Ͱڻļأæ͸ϻȥ
Ҵһܻ˻ңʵ뻢ҲԶҲʮӲ·̣һҪ֪飬Ҳû򳵵İ˿ǮЦ֣ɶɶλ˿Ǯǽô
ܻػҵʱ򣬺˼Ͱ˻ɳļҳŸսȥ˼ͳʣֺĸӳȥˣ
ܰɺɺʶɣղ˵ϾجΡһû˵أ˼˳ϵһƻ˹ǲ˵ϾجΣȻį䰡Ȼ
ҵʱҲ֪ôͷˣʶľ˵Ϊһô
»Իԣ˵Ū㡣˼Ȼ˳ֳϵһˮֱӾͳú˼òֻңıɱ׷ˮֻǴԴԱ׵ĵط˹ȥ
㣬侲㣬ⲻЦôǷôƯĻԲæͷĳ庮˼Ц
˼ôһ˵ǺǺһЦһ˵ǣҹɡ
ǡæؾص˺˼ԱߣҲǿڵˣˣӣɣ֪Ϊʲô̡
˵æͷ
ʵΪ̵һƻ˺˼һ˵׼ٹеĶֶҪܶԩϡ
һֱǰˡ
ǰˣüͷһʻ˵νǰ˾һǰˡ
ر٣Ϊɷ֮϶Ǳ˴ûɢ˵ظҲǱѺͶ̥ģͻȻ˺˼ˣǰԩ


328 
˵ΪʲôҲܼˣЩһȻԸЩɵĺһ漰Լ˷Ǻġ
ǰ̾ҪԸ˼ĻôҪȺ˼ѳ̣Ҳ˵ͨˡ
Ҳ³˴ţ˵Ҳµ˰ɣûǰ˵̫ˣҼңպ˼ǰˣһ֪˼ѡΪĿ꣬ԲܳҪ֪ͨǣû뵽Ǹˡ
ô˵ѾȥˣΪʲô̻û֣Լɻ
͵ԩɲ˵ˣǿǰٹԩ꣬ǰҲֻǲе֮һѣȻϣҲҪģΪҵԭð֪˷Բһֱٳûж֡
Ƭ̣˵ˣҲ㣬ʵ߻һζϡ
ܸоݳɲϣֵֹֻģһʣλأ
ЦǺǵĿһ˵ǲʶһɺɺˣ˱֮һ˼λûҪǰ
ɺɺüͷͻȻɺɺʱײ飬æվͳ绰ɺɺȥ
ཡ
һᣬллأɺɺǱ߽˵绰æ˵ɺɺоǾУ㣡
ɶ°ҸջûءɺɺǱ߱Թ
иȥҵϽǰھұȽ˽˵Ի
ģĸ꣬ˣҵ˾Уſڸ绰˵Ժɺɺ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӧˣ˿֪Ⱥ˻϶ǳԻҪȻ岻
ͺ˼֮ǰҲû˵ҹҶϵ绰Ժ󰢱ſڼ˵ɺɺʱĵϱһֱаèҧʱһСʮʱǱųڣֲ㱻èꡣ
ͳƣɺɺʮڣһ¼һʮ˼һ궼һͨˣǱôණ϶ǻʮģ漣ܻڣһⶼûС
ҲŵÿȥɺɺҲ̫ǿˣһ˱ԩ긽һײǲ֪Ҫٻ꣬û뵽ɺɺȻһҲûС
˵ղŵĿǸɺɺӦײ˰ɣõģǰֵ̳Ļ϶ôãԭʱǼ֮壬ϾѾ֮壬ܹϲǹֲẦǻ
Աߵĸо͸һ񫣬ԩĻͻΪһֵĹټϰ̵ļܳΪٹҹʣ˰ٹǰĵĹ֣ٹµĹ֣ȫĳ͸ӷӵһ
˵Ժ˵ûô򵥣˵ġ
ǰ̵ҪʲôһվǷѾ˼ôֲĹֵʲô
ǰô飬ô֪ǵҪʲô
Ҳ̵֪Ҫʲôǳ˽⣬û̵֪ҪɶһЦ˵˼ұģǸɺɺҿ϶͹˲ˡ
Ҿ˵û£һᱣġ
㱣ҹҪĲϣ׼Ӳ׾ţû˱ǸҲǿԵģԲЩ޹ؽҪ顣
˼أҷʵ
㲻ѧϰ𣿰ȥ׾Ȼȥѧϰƭ㣬ϻˣıºԱ˵Ǳ˼ˡΨһֻܽ׾źϣ׾̫̲࣬ʲôֻˡһĵĸ˵
Ҳ֪Ķ϶ܶ࣬Ҳ˵ҵû츳ѧϰȫ˵¡
İɣû˻ڲϤһ˵°Լ汾½̳ȥúøѧɡʱҲе࣬˵
˵ЩԺĪҲ˲ٵĺøУҵ˵ͷ˵л
ֳɺɺ㣬㰢ɣȥɺɺ顣
÷㻹ͦͨģһŮԼҪȥһŮģٻԴװɣһҲûгԴ׵ӣֻˮݺݵһϣȻһ΢Цĵĳ˵ȥɣ·СĳӣŶҪСˮŶȥˤŶ


329 ص̹
ҺܿܵǾУſڣʱɺɺվУſأæܹȥ˵ɶأ
С˵˰ҪԻɺɺһҹץסҵ˫֣Ҹһ
㣬вҵֱɺɺץۣԴҲ˼ҪôܰɺɺƵ׾ȥ
ɺɺв£⣺ⲻǸձҵôҵû
ɶҵȻдģ׼Ȧɺɺһᵽ֮ǰŵòģǱ˫ֲЦе˵ҪǩüŶԺһҼ涼ԤԼ
ԤԼ̵ĿˣܱסСˣҲɺɺ˵㣬㿴ձҵҪȦҲĥһ°ɣһ⣬Ҫأ㿴ǲǹȥϼ࣬һ£
С˵ǲʲôҡɺɺֱĶʡ
æҡͷǣɶϵ²ô
ҲԹɺɺץҵ֣Īĵ˵ͷ
ȥԭʲôƹȥأû뵽ôôһӾˡ
ҸղŸ˵飬һôҳɺɺʡ
ɺɺ˼һ£еԥĵ˵ͷ˵аɣ͵һæɣ˵ãԺҵ¹˾ͻŶ
㣬ҿھСôúǿһ
ȵһ£ȸݴ绰˵ó˵绰Ա˼Ȼ׾Ŵ˹ȥ
绰Ǻܿͨˣǵ绰Ǳߺܳ֡
ιɶ¡׾Ǳѯʡ
ֵֹʣʦɶأ¡
֣ûգɶԼ취ҹˡ˵׾žǱ߹Ҷ˵绰
ȥͽܰȻ˵ɶֱӸҵ绰Ҷˣ̫˰ɡ
군ˣ֮ǰ˵Ҫɺɺֻ׾źܵס
Ȼ׾ôͽܣòֻаɺɺϵĹײȥˡ
ó绰˼˹ȥܿ캮˼ͽˣҾ˵㣬Ȼһˣ׾˵סҵôɺɺȥȻ̵Ĺ˻ΣյġǵСĵ㣬Ҳǰ̵Ŀ֮һ
˼ееԴ׵˵ߣ治ף㾹Ȼң㻹ǹС˰ѣҵİȫԷİɣɺɺûץ֮ǰ̲̫ܻҵĿģҹҺͰͻᵽڽסһʱ䣬ڣҲܵġ
ͺáҹҶϵ绰ԺֱӾɺɺ˵߰ɣھ߰ɡ
һûȥʰ·ءɺɺ˵꣬Ҿ˵ʰɶҪɶ·Ҷ˰ɡ
ģһΪŶߣɺɺһشԣʶĿһ£òҲǺܴ󣬲Ϊëôء
ɺɺϵ̹ʱѾǵڶˡ
ɶطС˵ܲƭƵط˰ɡɺɺһӣһ߸Լȷ磬һ߱Թ
ǮƲһۣЦݿǸ⣬ȻŵŶ
СĵǴģ·һܰŵɺɺһһģ
ܿҾʹɺɺ˹ײ̵ſڣָļڹײ˵ˣôŵû
ȥС˵Ҳ̫ˡɺɺı˽ȥܺЩײϣģһҲûкµģ
ҿĲһֵʣô᲻أ
ɺɺм˵ǹײôʱϷʱ賿ڷصأڹײɶ
ˣСѾͷʱĹƬģЩײĿ϶ǲµġ
ʱϺҲҺɺɺĶԻѣ˳һĮƲҺɺɺһ˵ˣŮ޵ķѾ׼ˣԱߵķ䡣
ɶ䶼׼ˣһ£˲׹ˣһû¾ϲ㶫棬֪ҪɺɺҲϡ档
ԼȥɣȲʱ䵽ˡ˵ţ̶֣ű߳˹ײ̡
ͷ˭һɺɺ˳ȥСĳʡ
æһסɺɺ죬С˵ˣ˵
֪˵᲻ᱻ֪Ͼ뿿ϱɺɺأǺܲǵľٶ
ɺɺߵķ䣬ķʵһֿĳģ̫Ҳûװ޹Ͷ˸ͱ죬ª˼㡣


330 а
С˵ƭôһɽˣȻסôƵط
ŸսȥɺɺʹԼĲ
̣֪ɡˣסˣϾСѾͷȻͦǿ󣬵һֻŮŵɫ԰ף͸һһҪǸһаҪΪĿһֵĻ
˵˵һӣźòװȰˣ۾ҵķ乱׸ǰᵽֿС
ΪүǣҲûô飬ҲǺں˯ĻôֻҪ˯ˡ
ʰһУѾˣʵʰӸòôõģʵ֤ɺɺ治Ǹһ鷳ļһ
ǰֻһһûоеɣҰĴɨһ飬Ҷ֪µӻҳǺܶġ
ɺɺѾͷ˵ҳˣϵһͷ˿ôа죬ܲ˵ǣõģɾнҲûɶؼһĴУԻǱߺ࣬Ͻɨһ£֩Ͻüëӹȥ
ӵ϶һ˸ٰģ۲Ҳ̫ĥˡ
ŶӴɨͦɾġ
մɨϾ͸ʱһ˽Լĵͷ
ҵʱ۵ûһı飬ڻǲ㵽ɺɺ˻Ӵɨɾɺɺסµģԣһϼһ
ӣǶʮǮȥ˻˵ųʮǮݸɺɺɺɺӹʮǮʣʮܸʲôһôԣ
ûô˵˻ԣϽ֮ǰҺͳ»ҪԷġ˵Ժֳҿ˹ȥǸɫıϣȻߡ
ɶȻҲ֪ϵҪʲôߵķ䣬һȥʲôɫıⲻҵİϴλȥʱҲûдҵĶȥҴҵı鿴һ£һҷһ֮ǰĶ
һָͷСһɫСƿӣȻɻ󣬵ʰãű˳ȥ
߰ɡϿұűˣ˵ͷ˫־˳ȥ
ɺ㣬ŪóԵŶҿɺɺһΪѵģѾǽķûɶָˡ
Ȼͦˣ·ܿ죬͸һҸ̹ܿ߳磬ׯ档
ϣҪʲôҿʣ֪ҽг϶ǽҳģ϶Ŀĵġ
˫ֱڱ󣬿˵ҽҪһĶ
Ҷ㲻˵ʲôû츳ôֵʡ
Ȼһ츳ǹؼܲ׾仰ҲûдȻ츳ǲһͿҲǲѧҵĶ΢˼һ˵Ҳƭ㣬ǰڿ㣬Ȼ׾СһͽܣȻҪҵĿ飬ҵĶѧһ󺦡
ϣ㲻ǻֱһ㲻ô𣿡ֵʣ˵ϵı£Ӧú׾һ˵ƶ
ˡҡҡͷΪ㣿ǲ£һ˵ı˵㣬ʵǲ£ֻǲµδпܷһԣȻΪر仯
㲻Ҳģҿ㵽Ժ˯ȴ㲻ʲôҪ㡣Ͻ͵
ƾʲôԿ϶Ҿһأֵʡ
Ϊɺɺ˵Ǻ޹ϵǸͨѣΪϧͰ̶Կ˵ԺҿЦһ£ȻҲҿ϶ǵ˵Ϊʲô϶㣬ôֱɡ
һǵһοϾȻЦı飬ϿЦһ£漴˵ˣҪĶаа
аæӰͳ֮ǰڰǸСƿʣ𡣡
ԡϵ˵ͷ˵ʵҪѹûɢǺ׵ģѵıǳȶѹûɢֶ򣬶ȹֱƹȴ׺ֻ֮Ҫаֱùֻɢþȿնɷȹ֡
аһѹķѹԺͿľȿնɷȶ˵ԺҲǵ˵ͷò˵ĺеֻǰѹִûɢȷѣԼҲǻбӦġ


331 ձ̿ͣ
ϣѰаĻҰϰǸа˵ôţ棬ҲĶʵڷϲ
͸ϲ˻ЩóĪϲһҲ̫Ǻϲռַģ˵ϰ˵ôˡ
һЦָϵǸɫָͷССƿ˵һŰа
ҵͷһСƿӾ͸һƿһǺɫҺ壬ī֭һôǷء
һŰаһȵı飬֪ĵȼ𣿡Ҳһش˵ļɫֵĻֱǻƣ죬ϣڣŰаһźڷ
ڷ
һŵ˫һİа䵽ϣ治û棬Ǻڷ̫ˡ
ȻûмڷߵȼķҲֻǼżĺⲢҶԺڷ˽ˣô˵һͼֻҪ˺ڷƷʣɷҲճˡ
ϣҲ̫ˣôˣҸмĿϣڹؼʱ̿ɾǾĶ
ŰɣҲûãþˡ˵׼ҪĶˣôߵȼķ
ϣ˵ҹĿϡ
ߵȼķʵûд˵еѣǺܶ˲֪ǡɣұ֪ˡ
νʵĳֶηӡ롮һĵȼǿӡɰڹѪЩʵǷӡĶҪߵȼķҪѪ
ѪֵĿϡ
ȻͨѪҪԼľѪѪһ־ѪȻر𴿵ģܻܲһЩ߼ķָҵıҪĶǰ㿪ʼɣҪߵȼķɲұ˵ô򵥣ҲǼӼѪˣҪʵС
תȥҲСİźڷյԼĶԺһЯ
պúڷԺæͳĶƷɰڹѪȣͳһС룬ԥƬ̣ϵĻһģһڳԼҧȥ
ģۣҰѼĭѪһµС档
ۣǰҧʱʱҧģȻҲۣ£ʶĺʹڿɲһһҧȥҪһ
СѪСѪҲһ̾⻹ǲף³ôѪˣˣ

Եģϼһ϶ƭҵģүġ
ҿһֻʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˣҽŵصķֽ֮ǰµһСѪҲͻˣ룬µҶоԼ᲻ʧѪҵ
һϣû֪ǲʧѪԴԺģЩһûС
ҪҶڷعײˣֻҪڷ¼ѪҶоֵõġ
ˣϢһٻɡҡҡͷҪת뿪ͻȻһ紫ʶĻͷһһŴҹװվϻ档
ǣ˭ӿ˰ɣϴΪĵӰ˵ȴڴϣ走ģҪҪô߼ҲѪȥһȱѪǰҲ϶Ųơ
ĸû´һҹܵׯôܲCOSİɡ
»²˭ģֻҪһ˾ǣϣˣ˾ȻһڱŤĸ˵üͷһ壬ʣձˣ
»һɣȻҾͲˡ˵ﻹͳһذףҵ˫вɫ
лú˵ԲҪҸһôҸҪ˵㲻˵ô֪ҪҸأҸҲ᲻αأ㲻δزߣóҲ϶ߡ
ʹŸֶһԵģأƽʱһһ׼ܵһձץȻǰңˡ
˸£نҾͰɱʬȥҲǿԵģ˫ֱԼ˵ձ˾Ͷһɫҽŵ¡
λ߹ȥձΪʲôץңҲˣʲôʱձˣǸձаоҸͲʶʲôձˣһԾǸоģ


332 
ҪǱһȥ϶ûкýġ
ľ˹ȥձ˽һ˸£ԱһɵĶ㿪
ҿһֻӣתׯܣҼǵׯԺӵǽ񲻸ߣӦܷȥɡ
Ҳһͷܿܵ˺ԺԺҲǾǰҲֻһΣҵļûдԺĲߣȫģҸоһžһǽĸо
ҳȥľͳǽȥһǽôɵıһŸһƬҸҪܣҾ͸оһֻץסҵļ硣
ֻҼһҾͱһڵϡ
ڵҾͿձ˵ϥǳҵؿæ˫ֵסһ£ձĹģϥһߵ˫ۡ
𷴿ˣȻҾͷȥձ֣סҵĲӣв
Уǣлú˵ҵĲе㴭ĸоЪˣһСձ͵ӰһһŤ˲ӣɱˣǺΣô
ʵһ㣡
ձ˺һȻͳҪҿϣòƺһϸڣھУѧϰ֪һҪӷ˵ıϣȻ˫
ͷѾһֻֿˣҳȥľͿҧ
˸£
ҵݻǱȽϷɣһȥձʱҾ͸оձ˺ȭͷϵĴҵĶӣܴ󣬲ԽԽҧĶ䣬һҲɿڡ
ȭùȻãҾҧţձ˻ҲΪʹ½ȽأȻò֪óذͱ¡
Ҫ˵òͷ֪ѻ죬뷨Ÿճأձ˾ˢһ£һγһذס
ҿӰγŵæҪˣ˭֪ձٶȸ죬ŵӾͳҺķȥ㲻ˡ
Ҿ͸оһ󺮷ҺԱ߻òҺûʲôʹС
ҾȻһҽŵһɪ۾һȥ澹ȻҧһѪܵĶ䣬æµ䣬һԭǸձ˴ʱĵطڵϴء
ǰɣ̲ôͰɣһҧ侹ȻֱӰԼĶּһ治֪˵ǺúأǺɵء
˸£һᱨһ֮ġǸձ˺ݶĿһۣȻŶܲˡ
ιƨ°ԼԼİɡҿձܵŸоΧĺ䣬ҲŻعУ̫Σˣ˭֪Ȼỹ᲻ձˣæձ˵Ķ䣬ȻȾϵȥ
ܵײʹţһᣬɺɺŴһۺɫ˯£һʵĴţһңһֵĺ
˵תܡ
㣬ǳ»԰Ȼҳòÿ㿴أ̾˿ӵҲ߯С˵ɣ߽ȥ⿴ǽϾԼŷҾȻѪ
֪ԼѪ֮ǰǸձ˵ģҲҲù˻ڵҽеɺɺҾֱĳϵķ˽ȥ
ϵķǰûȻˣһͷķ䣬ֲǻƻŮķ䣬û½ȥɶ⣬Ҳˣž˽ȥ
ҽȥһͺͨ˼ҵķ࣬ҽȥʱϻ˯أҽһ̤ӵʱϾ͸թʬԣǸеһˢһ¾
Ժ˫۳ҿ˹ʣôˣ㲻Ӧ𣿡
ү㻹㣬ҽˡ߿࣬˸ղŵ飬ʲô¼ѪȻѪսʮձ̣Ȼʮ̱Ҵܣһһ䣬ȻҾǹˡ
ʮʵ̫Ѫˣһ㿴˵žͳǸݸϿ
ȴ˿ûı飬һȻĿ˵ձѾʼע⵽ˣϽ׼һ£ʱȥǧʬҵƣȻ󽻸޳
ϣϣһȥ¹شһ˸㲻ѯʵ
΢˼һ£˵֪޳ΪʲôæһκһҪȥǧʬô
ţ˵˵ɻĿϡ
ϱ۾ĬƬ̣ۿңΪ㲻֮ڣһ


333 ɽ
ʲô˼ϴ˵һ𣿡Ժġ
ϵÿһ˵һûʱ˵ԺѾעˡ
ˣüͷʣϣ㲻û֮Ķɣ
ҽϵһۣ˴治ʦǺġ
ÿ˶ģҲ⣬ңʦǰǼ˵ң԰޳ңΪҺʦ֮ڣơָҵҲҲֵһ㣬ûоǰǼ飬ʱ㻹ֻһСӣΪʲôһƬհף
һƬհֻôأæʡ
֪ҡҡͷΪҵҲһƬհףԲ֪ô
ͻȻһ̾ϢĿңڸʲôֺһ˵ҺʦΪɱˣ˶û뵽ֻҪһ첻ǾԶ֮УһСȴһС
ҴʱԺˣҲ㱿Ǻܻоҵ̲һ
ˣ˵ҲİɣǶ֮Уȴֻ֮Уΰ޳ΪܸҲֻôˣúϢɣұǧʬ䣬˯ɡ˵Ͼ͵ͷ˯ˡ
ҿϾȻһҲεֱ˯ˣҲ̾˿Ȼһ￿סˣת߳ӣҵŪ˵ˮѪϴһ¡˿һˮ۵˵ˡ
С˵û°ɣ
ڵʱɺɺȻһˮݹһûװСеġ
ûû¡˵ۣӹˮһڣԣ̵ġ
ܳۡ㣬ˣ˿ڵİˮһ͸ɽ緢һԭоõˣʱ۵ҲСʧ
ҿЩˣ˵ˮͺ˰ҿѪΪءɺɺҵģҲһţҺɸֵĿѾģ滳ôϴѧģȱˮε˲źˮɡ
ˣˣԼȥ˯ɣԽԽæ̾˿ʶûһʡĵġ
ҲǺúõĿʼ׼Ȼ޷ǾʹĻٻ죬һ˶ʮţаš
ȻĵĻϸҵźڷϸ⣬ҿ϶ǲῼȥǸǧʬģڷҾˣʲô֣Ȼӳ
Ҳڿʼǧʬʵˡ
ഫȵһʹøʬ֮»磬ǵʱ˶ĽʿҴļʧȺʦ׷һʬ𮣬ΪʿġҡʬǱʬ˳֮Ϊʥء
ǧʬʵˣԺŵ°Ͷˣ走Ȼôط
Ūĵط˵мŪģȻϰο˵ҲһӵӴͨˣ˵ʱʼǿŵϵģҿҵ۾
ǧʬ̹ĴɽʮҰɣӦûǸĹӡǵطҲֻģľ룬Ϊ֮ǣǸɺɺСһᱣõġ
Һվ̹ߵĳڣϸˡ
Ѿˣ⼸Ѿ׼òˡ
ϣܲܰҴгɹǶٰĿϡ
֪˵һƬհף㲻϶˶˵Ҹооգ֮ǡ
һʱ𣿡
ٵģҰοġһﵹֱӵúܣ˵Ͻ߰ɣɽСĵ㡣
ҲúͷϻˣűȻͳһƬɽȥֻһһˡ
ҹɽ䣬ҽɽûͺˣҲʲô̽רңɽԺ·ͳָһָ뾹Ȼǻģܳʲô¶һ
ɽҲúܣҼһЩһ΢ɾһĵطŻԼͶڻ߿˻
ұоʲôɽ¶ӪʲôģʵָоúܣǺѹѹһƬʵѹֵģҸͳֻϷأͻȻһŲ
⣬ϵģôôأѵЩձ˼ҽɽ׷ˣ


334 
һͷһľȻһһݵ꣬ͿҲͶʮҡ
ӣô·ģôƵط·
ǸȽݵһ߸ӱԹһߡ
ʲôˣվĿһһҲ֪ǲǵˡ
ֵܣô£ֲǻˡǸӳЦȻæͳһͰ͵̺Уͳһ̵ݸң˳ֽӹ̣ҲûҵϣȻСĵĿһ
ģҽлƺţ׳Ǹɽũ񣬲С·ˣֵܡлƺҽһ£Ҫҵ̣һƿĴ˵˭أ⸽ɽûʲôׯʲôũʲôݣ
һ˵һ߹۲ˣũ˶սѥ·ҲһҲûũӣϻһɵġζ
ɣüһ
ԭ׼ڻԱأһʣɫһ䣬ǸӸֱӴİͳһǹǹȻԶûɶôľһǹĹǻ˵ġ
侲㣡ǸлƺݸӻͷǸһۣȻһЦݵĿ˵ֵܣֵֿڷԣ鱾Ҳû£Ҫ˵Ҳˣֵ
һͦģ֪һĿǰûʲô⣬Ҿж⣬ҲһʰңҾ˵ûɶģҲùҪʲôϽ뿪ǡ
ֵ㲻ˣֵմɽӶ͸ߣе˵ȥƺһĿң߹Ҫҵİ
ҰץߣоʳˣҵʱǸӵǹţҲҶֻĿһҵʳó
ҲǶòˣóҿڴķȸ̻ʵĳ
СӣȰ㲻Ҫ뷨𶯣ȴүԱԺȻߡӺһ߳Իһ߲вҡ
һЦĿҲû˵Ҿʼ˵û£ԣﻹˮȵ㣬ҭˡ˵һ˳ְԱߵˮҲ˹ȥ
Ҳңһᣬ˲ĵ˵ͷƺӳԱԺڲԶСĽ̸ʲô˵ʱʱʱĿɨ¡
ҲôһᣬǸӲ߹ȥҵıǰ޳˵лˣ滹еʳԼų԰ɡ˵ת뿪ˡ
뿪ķҲֹҵͷ±ãץĶһû٣ǽҲûбߡ
һһѿţ£ȴ
ʱһһĹȥŹһСʱңͻȻһҽлʣϵЩҲɡ
ϵæһͳȻóһаСĵĿΧ
ֹûӣһѪܵӰ˳ǸӣʱӻˣҾܹﻹ
һһֻѪʬ͸Ѫʬξ֮ǰǸƺʱƤԼȫˣˡ
ѪʬûʲôǣҺӾ
Ӿ֮ǰĿ񱼣͵۵ģʱѪʬһĲ
뷣ŽһͳֻѪʬԴȥѪʬܵԱ߶һ£˳һֱۣȻаȥһ¾Ķͷ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
һ꣬ѪʬͻһȻۿɼٶڻҲͶ̶ʮ룬ͻΪһ̲ȳѪˮ
ʦʦӿɱѪʬȻҵȴ˵һҡҡͷһﵨôСɵĹ
Ѫʬ˵ˣ϶֮ǰǸƺʵ֮ǰҾѾˣǲ֪ȥʲôطĹ¾͹һʬԭģһһҲҶҲˡ
ˣʲôˡҿŻҴȵӣüȵ
Ƹ磬ղǸǻƸ硣ӻָ̲Ѫˮ
֪龭е㲻ͷĿӡ
һֵ˵ԭǴѧĽĹԾһĹ龭˳ҺͻƸҲһ񣬸ղҺͻƸǱ߾óһյ¹⣬䵽ƸϣƸһӱɸղŵˡ


335 ʯ
ԭרҵģѹˡ̾˿ǲ֪ĹɶóݵģǷôҲһЩϵС˵ػˣʵ࣬ûɶصģд֮
һҪȻƸ簡Һһôˡ˫סҵĴȣһʵĿҡ
ָ̲̾Ѫˮʣ磬Ϊоô
ˣȥ񡣡ֲõԤУʲô˱Ѫʬأ·Ȼϼһ˴ʮӣߵһô£µĻѻûأ֮ǰӦþ¶Ӫ
ǿ񡣡ԶԶָŻԱһ龧Ө͸ʯ
һħɷС˹ȥȻʬȻǴʯ洫ģŨʬ
ߵʯǰҪȥʱͻȻʯһɫʬҾͷ˹æħɷۺؽɽ鶨ճطĻᦣ뷣
Ҷ㿪ʬѸٵĶ£Ȼһʯ棬һȥ˲䣬Χʬʯ棬ʱʯ͸ͨһ
ʯ˿ʵûʲô̫𣬷ǵ˵ĻǾܸһаĸоָоȫǸо
ĸĹģһͷʡ
Ӵʱеͣ˫ȥòǱɵ˰ɣ߹ȥһӣžһŻعʣʦҸɶ
أģĻͱƭҡǰ˻Ρ
Ҳ֪ǻƸڵĶҸǸĹת˼ȦûзʲôʯȻͳˡӻһ£ȴûиʲôõϢ
ҵ˵ͷѯʵȻأǸĹûĶ罩ʬ
ҡҡͷʲôʬԭĹ͵ĹС˵ȫһġ
ˣһƶǽǧʬˣϾ⸽ôƨطȥܷ⵵£϶ǧʬûˡ
ӣôȥƺ֮ǰȥǸĹôҳѯ
ããɽȥʲôǧʬ𮰡Ӵ·֪Һ²ҵ
ȥȥʦҰɣ治ȥˡҡͷһµģ
ҿһоҲͦģС˵Ȼ汻С˵ĹҲˣһǰһ׺ݵ˵ҪɽɲֹǸղʬ֣ǴǸĹѾĹˣղžˣ㲻ְŻȥǻ˳ȻӲ
ʦҪҰҾǸͨĴѧҲ£ҸС
аʮĸ԰ɣˣ仰Ĺ˵ȥҲúㆪ£һ仰ȥȥ˵ҾҪߣȻһĲȥĻһû취
ȥȥôһҪҰһĵС治֪ʱôĹġ
ȻҾ͸ʰǸƺĶҺҲǸһҽܣԭţ׳͸ղĻƺﶼǶѧһѧרҵġ
Ҫ˵ŵ˶Щﶼо飬ѧУƽʱоҲǸʱǶˣƽʱŸƬо
Ӵ˵ĹС˵Ĺô౦ʱѪζоһ¹Ȼٶһ£žͿʼ׼Ĺ
ţ׳˵ˣҲûɶֵģź͵ĹûɶڵĹõ㶫˴ײĶڳԻо˵˵ﻰԣԺ˼Ұڳоû»һ棬Ըⲻ
֮ĹˣеʬǣЩŵһòȻһʥɵĹȵĹΨһһ֤һû֤
˲ŰŵĹ㻹ͨ԰ƤЦⲻЦĿӣڿˣЦһ£ҲǸоûɶɣ˵ڷ԰ˡ
ߡҡҡͷⲻǽڡ
֪ǵĹС˵̫ˣǵĹôӣ׼Ķ治һĶ࣬вٵΥƷǹԭѧУѧоĹŶû뵽͵ˣһЩĹĶ֮ģҲѧУ͵ģ˲Ű


336 
磬ǲڶҰܲҵҳε
治ˣôҲǸĹİɭתˣȻҴ·ˣָ룬ô
ڵĵĹʶôôȥ
ʦ治ܹҰҼǵ·žҲˡҲһ޹ģ
ҿ˿ֻʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˣʱֲ壬ָҲǻˣˣˡ
ɽﻹ治һܽģ̫·ˣ̾˿˵ˣϢһ°ɣҰɡ
˵ҾͰѶԱһһ׼˯ᣬ۾ûأͻȻǸӾˡ
ʦʦҺһƸ⡣е㼤ܵԱʹҡҡҵļԺ۾ͷʣȷ
ôЩ仰֪˵ٴˣÿζǺҰ׼һ
ģ㿴˵žȻһƿȪˮݸҿһȪˮ澹Ȼһˮء
ʱ򼱣һ£ѾǸĹܽˡһĳҵ
ģվʣĸأȥҡ
ǱߣָһȻһݴ˽ȥҲæȥ
ûһᣬȻͷһСϪ
СϪͦ峺ģҺӶһϲǳԵĺȵĶõĲˣԵĻɭһЩӻ߶ԣȵĺҵ
æȡĿȪˮƿóװƿˮŰˮʹĺ˼ڣ̫ˬˣأҿ˿
ӣܳĸ
һƿȪˮͳ˹ȥ˵Ȼƿ֮ǰװĿȪˮƿСϪϴһεģҸղſǹ˼ڵϪˮ
ɶʦⲻˮôΣʱܺȣװˮôڵһģο˵Һƿˮǡ
Ҳ˵
˵ɶ˵˵һаĿҡ
仰Ū˵ܸܲӺɣʹĿԼĺ֮ǰȵĶȫ˳Ҳû飬ϾôҲɶʵ顣
ˣ˵ҪôߣҲϾȥԽԽǶԼæתһ⡣
ھͺˣ˳СϪһֱȪˮһСʱҾͻᷢһСɽ£ǸСɽ±һɽȣɽȺǴĵˡӺûʲô飬ָθҽ
ǻʲô߰ҰһۣñͿʼߡ
һ·ϺܰСϪ治ʱĳһС㡣
һСʱȻ˵һСɽ£Сɽ¹ͺͺģ֪ǲǴطһĹ
ôüɽ£óһаݸ˵ţȻȥҪʲôĻ
Ҳó˽н֣Ҳ㣬˳ֻźڷʱˣźڷ϶ǲʲôġ
ҺӴɽµԱƣȻǰ棬һҲᳵ·ģȷطͦġ
ܿʹ˵ǸɽȣȻɽȣʵһӣһԲΣа˾װɣֱһٶף浽һ׶ĲݴԣģӴ·ҿ϶Ҳط
ʱеˣóһӰڿΧһŴϣȻǰȥҲϽȥˡ
˫Ÿһ̤棬Ҷʱо澹Ȼһɺ⣬͸վһһüͷطа
ʦǵǱߡָһҪҹȥһץס˵ȵȣ
Χǹɺ߻ۣණӭĵ
æóһŴ޽ղƷҺмһţ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷣
һɫϳҺΧҺӻм䣬ɫҲ˲ʣʦǲ
֪ʣ죡üҲҷ죬ǧʬɾǸ֮أһСͶˣʱӶ찡
ͻȻΧҺΧϺʲôһ£âͻȻ˺üһĶ˳ȥһ
η֣ϽУҿȻҵĴ޽ղƷȻ𶯣ȴûзһ١ﰵãһ


337 ʬ
ҿɱΪÿһħģԣûͨ˵ħֵȷ׾ҿĳ˰ڤ;ģճ˵ҿĹģȻǰ
ˣ
üΧӱͳһɰҺΪģһȦɰ
̣
̵һתŽ˹ȥһȴ˸գҵͷһԭΧҺӵɰȻ̯طɫҺɫĻǽƵ״
ʲôһҧѴ޽ղƷݸӣȻ˴޽ƷıȦܵʮԶĵط
ҸܹûվȣҾ͸оӺʲôסһȻҾȻƾҲӵҲԽԽе㴭ˡ
뷣ҵһ£˳ŽǰĿһȥȻһȥʱֿʲôĸо
ˢһҵǰʱһӰһһסҵľȻһֻʬ֣
ֻʬֿͺӢӰһ沿࣬Ŵһõ·
԰ʲôʬأⲻѧ
һȥؿڣֻʬȻûɶһץסҵĲӡ
ӣϽæҧ⼸ֱ˵ӻߵҺֻʬֵԱߣָԼʣ磬ô㰡
֮꣡ǰķأͷϰŭҲͦҵģ֮ǰһŷӱû뵽ھȻܾԼ
һؼʱ̻ûӣȻηηóһŻƷȻֻʬֵĶͷϡ
һȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
ҵаûʧһһâҫһֻʬ־а˳ȥ
ɳȥ˲䣬ҲҲһɣҽŸһŵأŽ׼ȥһ̧ͷǼһĹӰûˡ
ֲܳˣҪĸоˣԸղаȥ龰Ǽһʵرǿֶ̫ˡ
ʦô찡һץסҵֱۣ˿֣˦¶ûãҾȥץңԶ㡣
ԭڵãһλأţҾ͸оϰɳһ
ҴʱԴҲٵ˼ʲôʬأ
˵ʬҼеһһʬƬ棬ɶˣǸʬBOSSǲӰֻʬֶʬˣѾʬˡ
ǸȼڵĽʬÿڤ;ҲǺǸղǼһȻʬкܳһεľ룬ĿʬղŻҵаô
ˣ
ͻȻһǰ˵һ¡
鷢ʱ£ʱһϺˣǼȻͿʼɥ£ǵǾʬ徹ȻĪʧˡ
ڸ˺ܾãȴҲʬ壬ʱҲû취ֻв֮ǽǸӿʼмѼʧ˼ͻڸּѼĸʬ
һºһСʧˣͷСӵĸʬѪҺȫˣӵ˲ڷأȻһ
ʱǸһƭƭȵģʱһҲĪʧˣǷĸʬ˾ĺˣ˷Բʮһܳ
һ˼ſѪȻľ֦ùѪһ£Ȼõʱ˵ǻ˼ǰһ·ȻߵĶӴϡ
һϵʱ򣬾ȻľͿǸʬԺ˽Ǹľ֦һ²ʬĺһɺɫʬӿ˳ʬʼ
ǹµĴˣʱù̫࣬ûϸѯµԵɣžˡ
ҽˡ̾˿Աߵ˵ӣȥľ֦
ȥҰһ£ֵĿҡ
ɭ֣һľ֦Ҳôٶȵ㣡һʱû취ֻʬ̫ˣҵĽһȥҲ˲ָֻľˡ
ȻÿħбƵĶʬֻ϶ľȻΪطȽԵɰɡ
ƨƨߵ˳ϿӣȥҲս˽СĽ䱸


338 ʬ
Ҵʱ۾ĿΧҲǽġ
ˡ
ͻȻнŲһͷŽһȥ
Ҹүĳ»Իԣһûʼ㣬Сӵǻˣ
ӰȻƿڴһϤһȻ磡
ʱҲͦǱģ࣬·õģһ˵һŸ˹
һֱӾߵҵĶӣҶһۣĺ˺ü
þʲôʬôˣȻ˲þԣҵĶ汻ˣǻþʶϵԻ󣬲ʹŶԡ
㷢ΪҾ㣿˵
ǰ绹ҵ
̫ˣôܣܸоĵ¶ȣü磿
ү˵žָһţѾģ˼ƾʲôһ٣˵㵱ѼȥдôѾһѼ
һĿ
Ҹɻʣ磿ô£
ˣ走ӵˣȾƣҲȥҺ˼˳˵˾㵱ѼȥôȻӡһģӴ򲻹˼Ѿͷ򲻹ô˵Ϊɽû£ΪҲ㣿
ˣԭĶˣҲˣԭӱ˼һ٣ұ𣬲ôҵҵأ
ݣڲ˵ʱ򡣡ͻȻĲݺʲôѹȥһ
Сģҳȥһƿء
ݣϱң㻹Ϊ۸翴ҶˣΪҪȻһŸҵĶߵú˺ü
Һ˵ʱͺʲô˲
ݣ㻹Ұ֣Цˣ͵ʲôаɫ࣬һʹĳ
㻹ΪŪģҰһۣӣҲ̫ɵˣҸɣó㵱ϼ
뷣һȥһֵֻʬ֣һĶͷ
ϴԺģûоеĸоˣҿʬ־͸ƤһĸооȥֱӾͱж߳ɣʬ϶ǼӲޱȣֻʬֵĶͷȻƤһ
𣡡ֻʬ־Ȼıס硣
ݣ治Ūģʲôҵҡ
磬⵽ʲôǸʬ֣ƤһҵĽûãѾôҲϼļ䣬Ͻ㣡
Ȼ˵㣬ǰͷ쵱İһĿϣܸҴ𰸡
ƽʱѧ㣬ⲻʬǾջкһʹӡ
ʬ
ôû˵û˵ĶȥˣһʱҲڣ˿ʱʬְ籧ýģûɶָˣҴ״ĺϴ̹ȥ
ɱ˲һһͱȥݣòҪͱӾջɣ
˿ĭҲ̫ĵ˰ɣˣžҪŽҪͱĽûãûʱˣ֣ҧָȻһǧɱ
ݣԼɣҵͱջҲ̫˰ɣҿ˿Լ֣ҪͱһջԺ֪ߣܻ᲻Ӱ
ˣһҧԼָܵʬһۣľͳʬľջͱ˽ȥ
һͱ˸ʵʵģͱȥ˲䣬ʬһӾʹĹֽһֱ˦˳ȥ
𣬺𣡡
ʬʬʼʬľջӿ˳ʱҲǷӦͦģȳ˹һסֻʬĺȻһʯͷľͳʬĺһҡ
ԭƤһʬܼӲһȻ˸ϡãںɫѪҲĺ˳
ûһᣬʬ͵ڵϣѸٵĸ
ôʬֵʲôһʬҵԭһֱҲһҾ͸оһƣдһƨɾ˵ϡ
үĳ»ԻԣСûˣ֪Ҳͦ۵ģҲ˵ϣ˵ƽʱѧ㣬㲻֪˰ɣ
õõãʲô֪˵°ɣ⵽ʲôҲúۣƣԼС㶪ˣţƸɶ


339 ƶƻ
һﻹϴ̣Һһ˵˸ԭؾ
һȻ˵㣬ϼ֪Ķͦģʬһٳֵʬ֡
λ֪ͨʬְɣƽʱǽʬʬʲôʬְΪʬԺ󻷾ʬ͸ľ࣬ʬǡǡ෴ʪʬ
νʪʬԺ󻷾ʪγɵģʬ
ʬֺ֣ܶҲ֮ͬǰĽԸʬԸտ˸գʬǡ෴ӲøӲĶԸûá
ҲΪʲôϸ˵Ǹ棬Ǹһľ֦ľԭľҲǱȽӲľ֦Ƚպÿʪʬ
ҿһᣬһʦ˵˰ɣЩ˾ƽʱǺúѧúѧؼʱ̾͵ӣ֪˰ɡ
һ£ӵĿĿ̸ӲǼ̳ϼļ֪Щˣʪʬ̫ˣһѡĹôѡڻʪĵطʬȻγɷѣȴټ
˵ˣţ˰ɣ˵ôҵҵģֵĿ磬ɽֵģһܲǲµİɡ
ϸҵİҵ˵ʲôءͻȻ뵽ʲôһָˣӣұҲһ𡣡
Ͽˣظëû˵ﵱȻҲе뷨ģһôҲϼת½ǧʬ˭֪ʲôǧٹǰûĶͺñղʬ͸ƶٶȰٿһ
ڰ޳ĻֲҽģԼģΥԼɣ
ʦľûҵва
ҺأͻȻǸӾƨƨߵܻˣģҿһҲеСжһﾹȻûжԼܵˣ翿׶ˡ
ûˣˣһ£ѣ硣󣬽Ӿˡָ绥һ¡
˳˧ûޣ۾䣬ӹǣ־ӱ˳С˰ˣϸӵĽһɣǳƺ̫ߵˣҲ̫ϲɾˡ޳ܵҽܡ
εЦһ£һʱܷҲǸЦһ˵ҽţ׳ʹʦһӾˡ
һЦĿʣСӣɶôרҵæˣֵ߷֣ôԾܾġ
һһܾϸı飬Ҿ˵̸ֵ˸ˣҵʲôȫǡ
ƵطƨıҵҪͰ޳ĻԼҵν
ãȻֵܣߣұȥһʱ˼飬վƨɣһ˳ģ
ϼεôתôˡ
ҲûǸһ̣߳һϢɽ죬ԵĶûжˣˣұˡ
ɽһ䣬ʰһط򵥵¶ӪϢһ֮ǰ·ôãʬһ;ƣˡ
ҽ񣬵ͷ˯ˡ
ڶʱ˲˹һﻹǴһЩԵģĳһ٣ȻͿʼƻ
˵ģ͵ʱǸƺĹûн̫룬רҵ֪ʶ˵һ£Ĺ㣬ͻƺﵱʱֻڵһ΢ת˼ȦȻ뿪ˡ
˵ӾȻʹıóһͼֽͼֽľȻĹĵͼԭǹרҵģʲô̽ĹĵΡ
ĹһܴԽԽСһһ䣬ͦ󣬵һǺܶĹûйľоڶӦкܶײģˣҲͼײġ
ҲһᣬҾͺ˵ڵڶҾǣý㣬֪ʲô̬ĶҿɲΪȽĹô򵥣ڵڶһ£ҲǸʲôǾ뿪
Ͱ޳ԼȻҪԼСҲܱġ
ǾƶһϵеļƻȻԭǲ׼ٽȥģϾһﻹͦ˼ģԭԼ뿪ˣɣ˵Ȼ˾͵ְŻȥ
ʱ˵⻰ҲǱƺ̼ͦصģΪ˵ĻȥбӦԲɣȻҪȥҲܾϾȥٻǶеģȻķΧᾡġ


340 Ĺ
ĵͦģֱƶһˣС˵С
ӽ˵ЩĹСһЩǵĹԺСĵȥͻƺϾǰ·ӳң廹ôʣԿıȽϴ
Ҹһаǰ棬ϾϤһЩм䣬󣬾˾Ϳʼ˽ȥ
żҲǻῴС˵ģûȻôĵǶǹǰߡ
浹Ǻܳʪżһ
ߵõǺܿ죬һֶӣӾǰͣˣͷ˵ٹȥǹĹˡ
Һ˵ͷȻ͸˽ȥ
ĹҸ߰ɣǸպվֱӣ׶࣬ĹΧȫ࣬ʪúܣҿ˿ĹΧȻûʲô֧
е㲻ԭ򰡣֮ǰǸĹм˺ֹ֧֮ܶĹû̮Ȼɻ󣬵ҲֻܰͳȽĹȻе㲻һĶ
ˣھĹˣǱ߼ӾܵҺͻƸҵĵطˡӽĹԺҿ˿ȻȷһλԺָĹһ߿ˡ
ҵ˵ͷսĽ˵ǰɣӣŻͻȥ˰ɣ
Ҳû飬ߵҵ
ŽСľǰ·˵Ǹȥ
һ·ϾȻʲôҲûģҲǵĴϢ
һᣬߵһתǣӴʱҲǴŵ㼤˵ǱǱߣתȥˡ
Žߵת䴦ǱһһֱĹʮ׳Ĺľͷһͭš
Ӵʱ׵һ˵԰֮ǰҺͻƸ֮ǰûȴŰǸֱͨҺͻƸžһٶ׵ĵطͼ塣ôͻȻأ
ȷ𣿡һͷʡ
ʱʱȻˣԴûԺҺͻƸ绹ȷһλáӿЩţɫе΢ˡ
ӣ˵뿪һᴦġҿӺµı飬ǲðգɲҺԱ
ʱüԥƬ̣Ȼŵ˵ͷ˵ֻˣʦɣ뿪ˣ
߰߰ɡʱɫҲе࣬˰˵齻Ұɡ
һڵڵ˼ģСĵ㡣˵ҲǺܿûӰˡ
ŸߣͻȻɫͱɼЦҵļһ˵԰㣬Ҫģһ֪ǼˣСӻ湻ôһ¾ͰӸƭˣƭֵģҾҪɾˣҪ󲻹ְɣ
ҰһۣѾΪҸղϷأ
ǰɣҲƭģɣֻҪɡ
绹û˵꣬ͻȻ뿪ķͻȻʹɱһĲҽ
ҺһۣﰵãôˣôԼ뿪أطǺаŵİ˳־ó˺ڷ֣Ȼͳҽķȥ
˴ʮҾͿӾȻڵϣܵԱߣһʱ࣬˫۷ס
ӣӣôˣôˣҶӣʹҡҡӣӺ񻰶˵һһĲ
ÿҲǶԱߣͷӣȻ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ˣӣ˵ɲ㣬ʲôԾ˵ɡ
ӻѣҧһһٵ˵󣬴ʦһҪŻȥңҺͻƸ磬䣬ʵǵĹҸо治ǵĹǡ
˵ץֱۣ˫۵ɵϴ󣬺ĻҲû˵
ҿˣĪľһ£Ҳûˣǲ֪ΪʲôֶԲĸоƭҲͲˡ
ˣ𷢴ˡȻ˽ңһۣ˵ֵط㲻һҲܴ⡣
վӵʬҲҡҡͷһ̰ɡ
óһŻƷӵϣȻ뷣
һ꣬ӵʬˢһ¾ȼ
ӦʲôʬָҧģϺöʬҿӵʬһӾȼҲ֪һӦúܶʬղǵҲֻаֱ֮Ӷͨǲκġ
ˣ˵˵ڸô죬Ѿһˣӣ㻹ҪǸ𣿡


341 Ⱥʬ֣
㵽ڻΪұˣҰһۣȻͰѵʱӦ޳Լطʲôȫ硣
ʲô˿ˣطȻǧʬ𮣡һȵĿңүĳ»ԣ㺦ˣ
ҿڵһ£ϰƭģҲϿӵ㣬ҵ¹
֪طжΣ㾹ȻһȵĿҡ
ҷˣʣһʬôж£˵ϸҵһźڷӦò°ɣ
ķӦ˵棬ԼҲûˡ
طǸǧ֮أ֪ǰôϽûлųȥģһźڷ㱳ĺڷɸֵ㵱ʲôҪӦ޳飬׾ų棬
Ҳеˣô죿
裬ҳڣ˵طǸǧڹʱԶں֪ΪʲôȻû֪ʱطûɶ̫⣬һʬֳQһϿɾ;ˣʱʬֹɶˡ
ǰɣҲûʲôʬְֵĿʡ
һָۣŵ£ָҵǽ˵أ˵ǧʬ棬еĽʬ彨ģղŻЩĹΪʲô̮˰ѣ
һΧʬģʱͷƤˣҸɣҲ̫˰ɡ
ҺʼҳˣҴʱҲеˣԣһڣ˵һʼôŰƭһʼҪǧʬ𮣬ʱܸôˡ
ֵҺ˰죬Ȼûҵ֮ǰҵǸҺԲߴôӵ·̣Һôˣô·ġ
Ҽ˰춼ҲεĳʣôҲأѲǽˣ
йǽסӦǱȹǽĶü
һҲԣǽһЩͨ˻УһͯܽĶס˵ڤ;ǲܱǽס
ǹǽֲ·ܲЩ·ֱӸĵ˰ɣ
˵ͷ˵˵Ҳô£ϼļ䣬ֻ˵طΣգûиϸĽˡ
ˣ
ͻȻҺ˵ĽŲһͷһһãøļһҡҡλεҺ˹
ⲻˣ
ɥʬüͷѵ
ɥʬͼʬ֮һˣ·ٻֻϴûʲôŷһЩɥʬƬɥʬ࣬ǲЩӰȾˡ
뷣ŽȥһĶͷϣ½ûʧһȥɥʬԴϣ͸ϱһһֱӱŪ˸ϡãһȳԽմһ
ҪҪôűӰһ˵ڻֻһֻһֻĳҳڣһϣƾͺЩɥʬƬһˣһƬһƬĳ
һʱͷƤըˣȻĲ϶ҧ󣬸ղȻһͰɥʬԴϸһãҲþȫġ
Ͻҳڣ
ҿʼĹ浽תĹû򵼣Ҹоط͸Թһɶһ
ʱʱһֻɥʬȻ׵Ľˡ
ңֻǵһ㣬ֻǻкܶɥʬһЩٵʬ֣ڶʬֿɾöˡ
˺ܾãһó̶ûҳʱҲԽԽˣܿʱ͵㡣
ô죿ֻʱ䣬Ѿˣ뵽ϾͲһСʱˣ˵ˣҸط
ƨطһҡҡͷͻȻԶĹȻһЩǺ
أ
ǽʬҺһۣԲۣû뵽ǧʬһ㾹Ȼнʬˡ
СģͻȻһԵʹһѣƵú˺üҸƿҽŵ£ͻȻһ⣬ͷɢɥʬӵ
뷣˳־һȥһųԴҵĽϡˡ
޼Ǭ跨˫һƽһƵģ¾Ȼ͸˵һıըһ߱ըȻӵըֱۣںɫѪխСĹ͸ѪһһѪζȳζĹ档


342 Σգ
ܿ¾ͱÿӿݣЩ¾Ȼȫʬѳɵġ
Ȼ׺˲٣ҲֻǾţһëѣͻȻʬ嶼ʼʱĹһ
磡ڸô죿ҳʡ
ҲǼͷ󺹣һҧ˵ȻƵطʬѵģǾֱӺ俪һǲˣֱӴһµڶ㡣
һоҲզΣ㲻˵ڶΣ𣿡
иõİ취ѵЩһܳҧ𣿡ָŵЩɥʬߵǽڶѾʼ
òҲֻһ취ˣȻܴ⣬һǲȷǽ¾ǵڶĹһλôƫˣҺֱӾͰԼˣڶǣʲôܴͨһ͵ڶ֮ͨ
ҵɻ˵˳Ҳüͷ˵ĵһһģڵڶ⣬Ҳа취ֻʹǸ֮һܳһʱ䣬ʱȫˡ
ˣڷϻ˵ܣọ́ҧԼ̵ָıϻһյڴ׵أʧЧϣʦ飡һ֮
æյԱߣԭһӽطָ̺ͻʧ飬ҲǸָʧЧԭ򣬶ʵԭǺָģһ꣬ϵѪһ⣬ʱָ̱ˡ
̫ˣϽߣ
˵ͷ̣һֱǰܣҲæš
𣡡
ΧѾʼɥʬˣʱ۾Ŀ̣ûʱ˼ɣҾŽػߣֻҪһɥʬҪҾһԴϡ
𣡡
ͻȻһ̶ĺҵĶұߵǽ棬ͻȻͳһõĽʬ
ǽʬ
һֻͼĺ۽ʬŽͳȥ۽ʬձĳ׼ҷӦǱȽϿ죬͸жһĴֻʬĺ档
һɺɫʬĺӿ˳ֻ۽ʬ㵹˵ϣҲ˿ֻͼĺ۽ʬҪ߼ĽʬҺ;Իæң
ȻҲǱһܿ͵״̬תͷ˵Զˣ
ΧɥʬԽԽˣ߸岽ܿһֻϵǿӿݵġ
ҺܿһĹλͣҿ˿ֲ̲˵ûˣǵĽˡ
׼ôȥأҳʡ
⻹𣿺俪һȻȥģڶȻΣԸ󣬵ȺʬСĵ㣬˵ܱסС˵ʹǸԺ㣬ʱǵðҴһȥ
Ͻɣ¡ҴʱҲŵģŽһһЩʱҪɥʬ
ʱʱҪһŵаܴһߵɥʬ߰һߣһߵɥʬңνǷʤ

ͻȻʹһͷһȻѾɥʬ˵ϣ˺ҧһһߵĹȻĶɥʬˣġ
ͳаΧ˹ȥ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
аɫĹâ米֮ڵɥʬȻֱӱа
Ҳæ˫֣泯ԼһѪµԼ˫֮ϣ޼Ǭ跨
ԺתһƽһƵ˳ȥǱߵЩɥʬһһı䱬
ͻȻоҲֱץסҵļͻȻҵҼ紫һۣŤͷһȻһֻɥʬҧҵļҸýŪǷҵֽžȻˣҵֽžȻɥʬָץסˡ
ݣ
Щɥʬһķſ̫˵㣬ҵϵۣʲôҧһ
޼Ǭ跨
ҵĶߴĴҵĶߴһ죬ԭҵЩɥʬȻȫһ¶
ҪǷƽʱҹƵֱˣʱһڽʱҲֻǸоģû⡣
ҿ˿ΧΧʮ׵ɥʬɵˣһԼʮ׵ͨʮȻɥʬڻ
һصĳҵӣڷңܲȫĺڷˣ


343 
ҺԥİѺڷݸ磬ʱҲɫ԰ף£ֱһѶҵĽ۾˿˵ɰڴһˣ
˵ͰѺڷŵĽ£뷣
ȻŽͳźڷһȥ˲䣬īɫһƬʲôܰһȻԴγ̫ˣȻ֪ǧʬ棬ںΣգ̲סŨŨ˯⣬˯

Ҳ֪˶ãֻо˭ڽһ
ӣӣѣ㡣
ӣϽ
Ժ۾ֻоĹͷ͸ɢһ۲ѣһʱԱߣڲϵҡҡ
ʲôطҵĶͷְԼ֧ҿ˿Һһܴһ
Դ۵ҪҲûо۲졣
̫͹ڷˣû뵽ϸĺڷô󣬹Ƶһһʬֶŷ˸ɸɾҲֹۣȻаɷϾǣһ£ѾˣֻǻԵþõ㣬ûбɰ׳ա
ۿ磬ſȻѣͲñֹ۶٣ʱɫɷף϶ĺˮͣĵϢҲ
ǣô죿ܴĸо˵ĸоͺ񷢸ʮȣоԺġ
ϢɣӦòһˣǻûܵϮ˵طӦռʱǰȫģõġ
ҵ˵ͷָоԴһۣ˯ˡ
һ˯žҪ֮ǰˣѹʱо˺֮ܶ࣬ǰôˣվ壬о˲١
ΧģʲôҲֱ۾Ϣһᣬ۾˺ܶӦĺڰҲ˺ܶࡣ
濴ȷһһһεķ䣬ŶʮҰɣյģʲôûУֻŵǽһƾɵľš
һԱߣԱ˯ˣɫɺѿ˫ֱأʱʱһ£ҿģҲһᣬʱȻվںڷ棬뻹ǽϽһЩһĺڷ
ο֮ǰôףʹЩ׵ķɾ͹ܵģһĶĺӶܲˣ˵һˡ
Լ£档
࡭
ҸоԼĶӾҵˣǶģʹŶӣ˷ıãһﵱʱǴһЩģҺ˵ˮȻһȻôЩҲ֪̫ʱǲ̫ܳˡ
оһˣһóֻԲۣ
꣬ھȻʮ֮ˣʱҽǧʬ֮ǰĿʱ䣬û뵽һλԾȻȥôã漣ĹƾĪûɡ
漣
ҲǲǷʲôھ漣֮ĶңŽǵľţ΢ԥһ£ߵŵԱߡ
ӣǵţ
ԭԵͻȻѹˣһͷ羹ȻԼ֧ˣæ˻ȥһƿȪˮιһ㡣
˵ȱǵţѾǧʬĵڶˣϸ˵ǴʱΣգӺ֣ȻʲôûУǵӦûΣգȵһ£ȻָһЩٳȥ
ҵ˵ͷ
Һ죬ҲǾϢҺͲò뿪ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ʳûˣȻҺ˶ԵñȽϽԼʣµĶֻˣ쿴ܶ࣬ɲָеطܳԵĶǵʱУǧȥˣЩûܸõʬ⣬ƻûԵĶ
ЩʬּǧĶˣʬȥƶ
ΨһҵҺѾָ˺ܶˣǻָ˸ųɣ磬˵ǻָ߳ҡ
Ҳƻһ£ȻƻǾ֮ƣ
ִģԭҵ˼ҳڣȴҪѰöƣԭҲܼ򵥣ǰ޳ҽƵġ
ûҵҲͰˣֻҪҵƣ޳϶ͻΪСҲҪΪöƶҺҲǾˣ˾⣬˵ɽˮָֻ޳˵еˡ


344 ǧį
ҵаѾʹùˣֻʣһЩõĪڴ޽ղƷţķһţ䲢ûֱӶԸаɷ
˷Ҿֻһѽˣһ⣬Ҳֻм̳֮ϼЩҲ֪ͨϼЩȻȻǶ˺һǴúܡ
˵бˡ
ʱվҵľԣסŰѣ˿˵ӣסȥԺĿҵǸƣɱʬ֣ʬɱģ㶮ҵ˼ô
Ұһۣѣ˵ܲͨҵǸƣȻڶ㲻һô󣬵ҲСǴ룬һȷǲڵڶ㣬һڵ㣿
һ˵ͷָƬҡԴУ㲻λãܴ㵽һģķ򡣡
ҵ˵ͷⶫ̫ˣ㵽һ·Ѿܲˡ
ôɣ
ƿž˳ȥæȥ
ҳȥһ棬ʱĿɿڴطȻ͸һԶսһ
ڶ̫ˣ߹иʮװɣģܿͷһЩʯ߳ĵطȻһʯ
浽ǻһƬݲ϶Ǻأ񱻻һ㣬طͿͷ
ط̫ˡĿɿڴĳ
üĵ˵ͷ˵ǰϼļﲢûжٹڶϢǰЩʿֻӵһϢǵڶûκεϢˣΪڶûг
ˣϽĸ򡣡طɲƨĵطæѵ
˵ͷͳ̼һᣬȻ˿ָһ˵ã㵽ǸƵȷڵڶ㣬Ҿڶߡ
ָķ򿴲ͷһ㣬ʱҲûа취Žǰ棬˵ķС
طСĹȥͿûɶҺ粢ûй˼һľͳ˵Ǹȥ
Һ֮͸оƣȻϢһᣬܣҲһֱ·ԼĸɣΣյĻˡ
𣡡
Һ˴ŰСʱʱ򣬽ӽһƬɿݵĿ֣Һ׼ϢأͻȻ澹Ȼһ񱩵ʬ
ʬһɳʯԿΪģȻһϯΧ
ʱ򣬻ֹסĲƲסԼҲãͻˣ
ָоô˵أǽʬǺܸ߼Ľʬָ߼Ľʬһѹͺèһ
Ǹ߼ʬǺ۽ʬӦ۽ʬҲǻץסҵ֣ҵһڣһɾ۴˲䣬ΪʹҲֹס˲١
ͻȻƬһɿҺ˹æóһɫӰȻԼٶȳҺ˹ûüӦʬѾܵҺǰ
ʬվҺǰͣǴҲϸ۲һǵɫһɱ֣֮õͦģһʮӣƤǵָơ
ǲСĽģɲǵĹҾ˫֣ʾǲûе⣬Цأ۽ʬԼòô۽ʬңͻȻЦ˵ǾҲн죿Ҳкҵһ죿İңҽͲɱ㡣

Ҵסˣһʶǰ
ȻǲͼôҸЦһ£ɱɱĶ಻á
۽ʬХָҵǾ㵱Ҳǿڿ˵ɱɱãôҴһг磬ôɵģΪеĽʬӡܰˣǾҸ㣬ܣֻҪǳȥɱ䣬ѪҲᴴһϲĽʬòϧһƬڰôأóĴȱÿɾ͸û𡣡
֣ˣνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬԲԣ˿ĭʱȥİοС±סЩʬȥҲĿֻţʵڲһЩһﲻҲˡ
ƾǣҲһһ˵ΪǹץֵǳԸɷ
ȵȡͻȻԴһЩ俪ʼԴ֡

Ƴĩڣ俪ʼӿֳԽԽĽʬ
ʬĳûֻţ˲ϲ˿ʼѰʬ֮ʬһҧ
ʱġҡҲǽǾ
֮飬ǲϲĽʬĲϲգұϷӡ佩ʬڵǧʬڣį
ԽԽļӿҵԴ棬ҲʱˣԭƳĩʱʬУ˶뱻ʬҧϣҵǰҲǽǾǺоȻϵʱĵ̺ͷ̣нʬǧʬ棬ȻϷӡнʬǧʬ𮡣
ʱõʲôӡЩʬҵļ浹ǺģҼ洫һҪϢ
ӡʮֻ۽ʬ
۽ʬ
ڹŴɾһĴڣϿ˿𹩷ˣǽǾҲǽʱеŽӡЩһܳ˵𣬵ԻִĽʬ
Һ󱳵亹˲ͳˣʱҷǰ۽ʬرҪˣ̫Σˣ̫Σˣ
ô£ҲǷҵʧҶСʡ
粻֪鵹Ƿϼ֮ˣС˵Ĺӡʮֻ۽ʬ
ʲôһ
Ǹ۽ʬһ俴˵ϻˣǳȥ
ҡҡͷɱҾǣҾԲǳȥġ
ҲЩһܳȥʵ̫ˣұɱ˴ȥظҵ۽ʬ־ǣɱң
ǾΪҺܱǱڵļûиգҶɱ㣬ΣյĻļͻḴգҿɲ᱿ų۽ʬһĿԱߵ磺Ͳͬˡ
ʲôΪʬҾɱҲ֪ǽǾתڸҶ֣Ժӻָ˵һŪ㣡ԣҵǰҿɲǰ档
۽ʬһвû¶µı飬ɫһеʧĵԣһĺطʲôûУѾܹˣɱҰɱˣˣɱңɱ
۽ʬȻˣַҪһĺ˵Ҳ΢һЩһȻвϲǧļį˭ף


345 ϼ
Բɱ㡣̾˿㼯ҲֻǷӡЩʬʬرǸ߼ʬҲһ
ɱңҿɾɱѿ۽ʬʱģͷһ˲ͳǰ־סĲӣ
Ž۽ʬĺ׾һȥһһȥ͸оһ𣬲㱻˳ȥ
۽ʬҲʹüͷֱĿĽʬĹͷ
˵⣬۽ʬסĲӣܿͱˡ
ĽɱңϽɱȻѾˣ۽ʬҿ
ӣǸӡҡͷȷһ̫ˣɱ۽ʬں۽ʬĴڡ
ǺǣǺǡ۽ʬЦ˳־Ͱ綪ڵϣЦԽЦԽЦԼᶼʼˡ
ԼĲӣߵԱңһòǷ˰ɣ
ɡҵ˵ͷطӡǧ꣬һ¹һСƾ͵÷˵һǧ꣬붼ˡ
磬תͿ񱼣Ǹ۽ʬڿЦûзһ
˴ֶӣ֮ǰƬֶֻһСڵˣžƣĵڵϣµ˵ΪأǼһˣ̫Σˡ
ڿɲһȫʱǰнʬӡײӡĺ۽ʬнʬӦöڶ档Ҵʱָһ䣬Ҳ֪ڶǧʬ棬ǵʱеôԳһĿռ䣬طرĴ
Ǹȥ
ͻȻҾ͸оֵķһĺһӰԼٶȳ˵ķǰƶ˵Լܲ
Һӵ·̣ʮܵ׼ܣִ˵ëðܹ׼һ£ԣ浱Ӻ۸
˵һҵıóһƿڹѪžԼ࣬еѪŵԼһ쳣ֵ־һھµУȻ޼Ǭ跨ϣǰϼ
˵һԼľѪµû䵽ϵĺڹѪ棬ʱЩѪҺȻһһ߸ߵġˡ˿糤þȻһģһΨһͬľǺӺܶࡣ
磬ˣһ£еΪ
˵ɣʵԼǰֻедۼ󣬻ꡣ
Ҳھ͵Ѫɫ΢ס
ȻҵĺҳѹˡʱϼûзӦһء
ûüͣǸ۽ʬѾ嵽ǽǰ˹ȥﻹ
޼Ǭ跨ϼȻûʲô£Ӧ죬һȥ
¡һ۽ʬȻֱ۽ʬʮףײڲԶһ鼫ʯϣͣ
Һ翴۾ֱˣףӣֻɥʬϼһƾȻܰ۽ʬʮףԼۼҿ϶ûǲġ
һֱСҲҺϼһɷֻʬһЩϼߵǰһѶĽȻҺˣ
Һæ˵ͷҾͷ˼ʮס
Х죬򽣹ڣ⣬޼
ҺŸվȣϼһҵĽһʮϷ
ɱңɱң
ֻ۽ʬͷɢҲվһϼȥ
ϼһڰУļʮѽȥ㿪ʼ۽ʬϼĿУÿһѶܲ۽ʬһ͸һһѵķɽ۽ʬϴ
ԭ۽ʬĻָǺǿģһ˿ҲܿȬֵǱƵ˿ھȻѪֹûһᣬ۽ʬ˺ۣˣǱһٶΣȴ˿ûйҵӡ
һҲǿһļ۽ʬҲ̫ǿˣȻ˵ʬɱ⽫˵ʬֿǣϼʹãʬ֣ˡ
ϼѪҺγɣʱϼõȫҪϳȡҲϼԽͻܵԽķɣʱԱߵѾǵزѪֹˡ


346 ӭزطݣ
򽣹ڣϼҲǸоȥɣһ֮ʮȫΪһ壬һѳʮף׶ľ޽
Ѿ޽۽ʬĶͷ۽ʬԭ̧ȥһȥ˲䣬۽ʬԭ˿ɫѪ
ǰѾ޽˲ֱ仯ʮѣˢˢĴ̶ʮѽ۽ʬĺ
𣡡۽ʬһĽſʼȻɽɫĿɢ֮УܿؿҲʧֻʣһԴ
۽ʬԼɢʱȻĵЦˣ
һ󣬺񴫳˼Զ
ϼҲǲŽɵҺǰʱɫ԰ףʱʱһѪһ
˵عСģϼ˵꣬ѽҵĽ£Ȼһ̲Ѫˮ
Żϼһʧ³һڵѪˡ
˵ز˾Ͻߣҡҡλεվҷס硣
Ѫζ㰡һɭҺıҺܽͺұС˵һ
һͷһһֻʬȤĿҺ磬ʬʮ꣬תȥʱʬȻ˲¶˾ֵı飬һŵĿңǾȻ㣡
üͷʬҲɫģһɫȸղֻʬҪʱѾزˡ
ûһˣЩʬϲʵҹ򶨣Լеַ緶
ԣ㲻ǽǾǾô˵Ļ¸£СһﻹƭңʬЦĿҡ
ʬ䣬ͻȻԶӰһǰҿֻȻҲ۽ʬһһֻֻʬԽԽ۽ʬ˹
ûãȻжʮֻ۽ʬҺΧ
ݣô۽ʬһ۽ʬܲ·ˣҴʱҲǼԴ۵Ҫ
ЩʬһĺΪǰǽǾԭɣһȻҲҶֻ֣СĿңʱʱĻһ䡣
ԽԽˡ
ǾǳȥǱһ·ʼǸʬڻվ˳Һ
ܣǳȥֻΪ˼䣬ҪɱҪֱɣҡҡͷҷ͸оĪһɴȱ֮ġ
ЩһﶼȥǺĲ룬Ϊһˣ̰Сˣ̰ʱô
۽ʬһвġ
û˵꣬ͻȻҸоԾһ˵ĸоϴָоů
ҵϷȻһƣһĸҲʼ˷һʴ
ӭز
ףһ㡣
ҿǵƳҷ˹˲䣬ұоԼˡ
ָоôأͺԼܸܿоΧĸоȴ˿Ҳܶ
٢ȾᣬδգĲɷ飬Կ࣬쳾Ҹʳ
ҷӡһƬģֻҪٴδһǧ꣬ȥϵұǴӻֻأΪʲôͲҵһƬģ
ҿ˵ˣȴ֪ô£ԼͿˡ
ӭزЩ۽ʬ˶ˣ˫ֺʮһηĿšҡ
ҡ˫ֱ̾ʧ㣬ԭֻأһһͶ̥תѹԭ֮ʱû뵽ҵתһ˿ȱ֮ģңʧ㣬ʧ㡣
ҡȻҡͷȻһõƳ֡ҡϡ
޳ɡҡ˵һ䣬ͻȻڰ޳ͳˡҡǰһҡ¶һȣǿϲ޳ͺ޳ϥ£޳˵ӭزطݣ
ظѣһزڵظѵʱȥȥɡҡ־Ͱƶ˳ȥơƯ˰޳
лز޳˵
˼ٿǶ֮ȴҸó֮ʱϣظܶ˼䣬ȡ˼ȹһ١ҡֵ˵ǧʬĸλ˼٣ֻǵĽѣǸλĽ٣ϣλܰؼ˽ٹұλ֮࣬Ҳøλػֻء
仰ܴҹ쳹ǧʬ𮡣
ȾᣬδգĲɷ𡣡˵ԺͻȻ˫һڣ˹ȥ


347 Բ
زأǸʱ䣬㲻ʵĳŵǱƷң
ҺһֱһΣ仰һֱصҵĶ档
ӣ𣿡
ԴԺģ洫۾һҴʱȻһ棬һԱߵĵĿҡ
ӣǻӻǵز۾ǰ˻ΣĿҡ
ҴʱҲ͸оúܣʹĻãְԼ˵ӣһ˭ˣطģ
ҽԺأû¾ͺá翴ҺûɶʱһЦĳ˵ѾľȻǵزҲݣɶҲ˵ˣϽð޳ǸϼӸ˵Ͻġ
˵ԴԺģ㲻ôء
ʵ˵ﲢرľȣȻһֱûᵽԴ֪ǰǽǾ֮ҾеԤˣϾǾ֮ΪزأʱҾΪǽǾʱ±Ƚ϶࣬ƣû뵽ǵزת
ˣôģУû°ɣҳѯʵϾʱֱӾιȥˡ
ˣ޳Ǽһ֪ǵزŵøһʱͰͳˣȻ󻹳ŵһ˼ңҹѾͶ̥˰ɡ˵ҵļ˵ҲˣúϢɣǧʬѾȥˡ
ȥǿɲһҡҡͷǸڻ꣬ҲȫͻֻأǾͻˣʲô취Ͷ̥زҲǣûҳŵʲôҺ
Ҳûи磬֪Ҳûãֻʱ׾ţʵڲаץֵȫϣȥٸǷӡһξǡ
ȻѶȿ϶ܴ󣬺۽ʬϾǴײˣи߸ĶţڴϾԼôࡣ
Ȼǻָˣѹ磬ˣԱߵĲɥԼˣҰԼĴó֮ģҾ͸ҿԿǰеǮڤ͸
Ӳ治УǲǸСʿʮҰɣմѧУҵһҺʱÿζǵС̸룬ı
û죬СﾹȻȡ
һ̫ˣǵһŮʰС
ҽԺϢ˴ʮңǳԺˣʱ켦ȣҲǺõͦģʰһ¶ȥһҽԺľӣоԼ˲٣ͨČ˿һģһļһôǵزתأ
ʱԼоҲͦġ
ոƨľӣɶûϲҲ֪ôƷζôϲ㡣
һվأʹһͷһݣһɧһۺɫװͷ˷͸һ
ʼ磬ʱԴ֪ǵزð޳ӸҾܾ֮󣬳ڿң˵Ҳǣ߳ͻȻͿһŮƷ
Ů߽ŮԱߵˢһ¾ûӰˣȿȣᣬǳŮˣתܻвһͷһȻóһСʹͷ˿ˮģ˴꣬ĨĨͷȻϷһͳһõ壬Ȼ߳һΪ˧ΪܶƵͣŮſڡ
Ҹȥɶأ֮ǰȥǸŮ߳ˣһһĿŮʣŮһ𣿡
ž
ʣŮһӾͳȥȻתˡ
סԼЦߵԱߣڷӡʣǣˡ
Լȵĵط˫۴ͣŮľȻң̫
ǣò˼Ұɣ嶯ǻñôҸоԾӱַŮˣĻ涪ˡ
һ͵ĵŮľȻҴңδйĸоӣҸоұһ¡
㲻ǾôҺ˽磬ֻҪǸŮܱ磬Ҷֲˡ
ԣָо㲻ףѵǰҿ˿ȻźǽھһԴײȥһ
ˣԲУܹȥס磬Ŷͷ˿ڣ˵NOһҪҽԺܵ˲סԺģ˵ˣȥŮʲôݡ˵ת֮ǰǸŮ뿪ķȥ


348 Ǯ
ҿģһʱǲ뿪ˣ̾˿ԼᲡԼĶȻҽԺȥ
ߵţͿ˷ͷֻء
㣡Ҵһ˹ȥ
סԺʱ䷲㲢ûңҪǱҵԺȥ벻٣콭һɳʵϰҳԺصٳġ
̧ͷһʣأ첻ǻҪԻô
ˣӣһŮģŮĻ궼ˣԼȥ԰ɡЦһ£˵ͷȻȥ
߳ҽԺûԶأͻȻʹĴ󺰣ӣһ£
һͷһʱѪأĳ߽ˣȤɶŮİֱһݡ
ӣҲ鵽ˣŮĽ꣬ϵѧǸˣҽԺѻöǲʮôϽң罹ĵ
Ҳݣ磬ˣʶԣ϶ʶҪ˼ʮˣǸղԴײ㶺ˣҶǮĸʵ治رأоͶ໨㣬ûٻ㣬ʲôҪʮҲܺԥĸˣŮĶʶ
ɫͻȻͺˣ˵ӣôˣʮ͵ҵģв
磬ƽʱˣҲ㱻ƭŮΪʲôĶ˵˼أȰ˵
ˡͻȻʹ㲻ˣԼ취˵ԺתܻҽԺҽ͵Ļᡣ
ô죿ҿԱߵķʣʱҲüͷ˵ȻҲ̫ͬҲ˽ӵģ㲻Ժ˵иңôˡ
ȥøɣ滹ʮͳпݸ㡣
ʣôԼ
Ҷ˵ˣȥǺܶȥɣȻԼȥԻ˵Ůϣһ䡣
ҵǸоκġЦ£ӹпҽԺ˽ȥŵ˶ʮңŴ˳Цģһ߹˵ҿˣǹܲӸԣ
õõã¡תŷ־ߵ·ߣ˸ʿصѧУſڣȻֵܼ˾ȥǼһꡣ
ԼһߵλͷһЩˣϤĻ꣬ǰĸ˾֮ȥͨӣڣ
ʲôأô񡣡ʡ
ûʲôֻЩǰ飬˵̩Сڹôҿŷʡ
ֵʣǲǺС־ôɶ
̾˿ҡͷô꣬Ǻһƾжϵģ
˵ϾˣԼﻹǻᵣúòã˵겻Ů꣬Ůһּ٣Ϻõúܣǻͱӣйۻѵ鷢
̩¡ڳɶϰֵ֪࣬ܣչ˵úܣԺǳ飬С֡˶٣СֹòǺ⣬ǺȾʹ֪ˣʲô鶼ǹòɡ
Ҹ绰ɣСҲȥɶ÷չŵɡ̾˿ϾԼֵܣԼìʲôνԲ۸ˡ
šҲ˽ңͷӦ
ܿ췹˾ˣҺͷһЩȻҽԺô˵ҲʮܵȥȻزˬ
ߣ·Ҳ˵һ£ǸĸԭǱײˣͦصģڻָòҽҩѲһء
Ҹŷߵſڣţ˽ȥҲ˽ȥǺܴ󣬲ֻһŲһʮĴڴϣɫǺܺá
˵ǸڲԱƻأ磬ʱڲææģ˲ˮģһ
ӣˣ翴ҽˣٺһЦ˵꣬Ҹ˵ǸƻѣǮǻģûġ
ҲȷʵŮ۾С͸߱Ҳܺãæվһм˵ллˣʵûа취Ǯһᾡ컹ǵġ
òãǻġҼһ˿Ц⣬ﻹ٣ǮΣҪֵܴ֪ǮоԼõõģǸо綼ԣ


349 Ӷ
Һͷڲһᣬĸһֱڸ˵ллҲлͣҷǲ̫˼ˣԼ룬ʮô˼ء
ǲ̫ϲһֱԼ˵ллģûһᣬҾ˵Լ£ˣҲңҳţæʱ۾ֱĿģ˵˼ôһôţǡ
һһƣҲú˵Լ̸ˣŷ㣬״˸к뿪ˡ
߳ҽԺóֻһʱ䣬Ȼ㣬һֱҲǸ£ǵûһˣճҽԺĴҾ͸˵㣬ʱ仹磬ҾȻسɶˣһʱٻ
أ㲻һߣʡ
У˯޲ȥ˯ˣԼ׷ɣôˣҸȹҲ˵Լ뷨ڿɲиʱ
ǰϵҲˣҲŷҸĵϰˣǧʬȺʬɲ֣ʱ䣬Ȱ
ҾʹȻسɶ壬ҪǰǧʬǣȻҲҲˣдԼء
УԼƽʱע㣬еģΣյġ㵹ѵõĹһ¡
ҵ˵ͷͷߵ·ߣ˸⳵ϳԺ˵ʦȥվ
ǰƣͳɶ֮䶼ɻ⣬õȺ࣬ɶҲĸСʱ³Ҫһ㣬ɱȷɻʲôķˡ
ҵվһŵɶƱ˴֮Լһλ۾Ϣ
ѹʱѾˣƻԻͣѾɶˡ
վҿʱ䣬أ˸⳵ϳ⳵ʦ˵һãʦ˵ͷͿˡ
վûͦԶģ˰Сʱŵõ¥£Ȼˣ滹ŵģһУһǰⲻզأ߰˵Ӳõʱ
ݵ¥һȥͿЩɫ۵ĵʿڸռԡ
ʵܶ࣬ûɶ汾£ȫһƤӣҲ˿ģǮģ׵࣬˵ûУǵ˵УǾֻдˡ
֮ǰҲ˵ģȻ죬ҲʶһȥЩûæ˶ҴкҲ䣬Ȼ߽˴İ칫ҡ
İ칫ҿģͷҲ̧֮ͷҽˣϾȻһϲɫ˵ӣҿ̫ʱˣȲ費˭ȥӵϡ
ע칫ҾȻһʮӣһɫְҵװĵһ㣬˴Ļתͳȥҵ衣
壬壬һ׼û¡ҸЦһָǸӵıӰʣ˭
鰡̫æˣæҸæһ⡣ٺЦ
ˡҰһۣ˵ʵ
εЦһ£һ˵ʵô£ǰҲȥôԣﵹã칫Ů˲赹ˮģⲻǲˣôϰ壬ûȥ˵Ŷˡ
Ȼ̾˿һʮ˻ϲģ˵¶Сһ
ͻȻ飬æ˵壬ˣ˵¡
æǧʬ淢ȫ˴壬ǵز飬˴塣
û뵽
ӣҲݣǵز˵ô๦أ꣬Ĳ˵ˣȸӼӸԪϽģòҰѰ޳˵ץסҵ֡
꣬Ȼ˼ļһﶼⷴӦСĻ˵ǣһһΡ
ɶһָزʵٸвҿ϶ܾһܾ壬ֻίһ㡣
УֻҪҼӾУˣϱз˳вһﻹʱŷ壬֪֪˻᲻жѾΪǳQB˵ӾͼӰ
壬壬ԪǵȻ˵ɣ˵˵ǧʬʮֻ۽ʬɡæתƻ⣬õȻ廹ð˴үϡ
и߸ĶţţҸʦ绰˵¡˵ͳ绰˹ȥȻڵ绰µ˵һ¡
ʦӵ绰ѵ绰˹
ҽӹ绰ŵߣҶʦ˽⣬ֱӾʣʦӶ


350 Ԫ
޳ܵ׼˵µġʦǱĺǳȻ˵ҼӶˣӸˡ
ȻȺܱô
ʦɲҴӦʲôϾҲܰõҾæ˵ʦʦǻ˵°ɡ
үģҸ˵Ĳ𣿲ʮֻ۽ʬи߸Ķţҵĸ󡣡ʦڶ
ʦò߸ˡһ䡣
ҡʦǱ߶˶ݣ԰Ӿ߸ˣүȺ۽ʬǲǷˣúúõģǵóʲôǲǽȥ˼Ůѣ
֪޹˭˭˰ҡ
һ취ģʮֻ۽ʬôֲû׹۽ʬǼˣϺͳ̫үǡʦǱ
ԣҪǣˣ滹һٶֻ۽ʬһȺȼĽʬȣмֻʬɡͻȻ뵽񻹲ֹк۽ʬ
ݲݲݣԽȺ˵̵Ѿæҟͷöˣ³Լ취ɣǵüٵӸˣ̫ûͦ۵ġʦǱء
ѾĻ˻ۣһأⶼɶ˰
ˣ˵ˣʦĸأˣм飬ˣȹٸ˵ɣԼú׼°ɡ˵ʦǱ߹Ҷ˵绰
ιιɶ°׼׼ɶҳǱʵǱ͹Ҷ˵绰
ӣ鲻ڻܻʮģ˵¡ָ֣Ű칫ĵ˵㿴
ʲô㲻ǰɣڵ濴ֵֶĿһĻʲô갡
дԪרһЩаĶεġָҽܵҵ˵ͷ˵ѵû۾ôⶫƭ˵İɣ
ϰʶĶȷǼ˷ˮһаֵЧĹ˾ֹˡ忴˵˰ɣ
׸ɶҲףǵȻˮֹѵæֵʡ
ǵȻˣÿǽƣͯ۵ģǹ˾ôаֵߣֹʲô˼˰ɣǹ϶һ㣬ǹ˾Ѿĸˡ˵Ҳ˲٣ϰǰҲĹüΣ̸ܶˮ棬һһЩרŸ˿صģץ治̫˽⡣
ˣֱӾ˵òȥץɣ
ʲôаңȥҸôõһᣬлأɱ⣬ȻûȥǴԪĹ˾ܲϰĹҸо鲢ֹͨ¼Ѱɱһ˱ʧ⹫˾ѾĸˣҶÿһҵļ򣬵ݹһſƬǹ˾ĵַȥʵӦܽеĻҴ绰
ҽӹƬһַǳɶĵһΪĴãҽӹƬ˵ͷ
ܣˡʱǸ߽
Ҷʱо治ǰģʵݺˣҸղžͿվſڣûн֪Һʹ̸ʲôҪ飬һֱſڡ
ҽӹһڣģоϼЩ漸ǮһĲడ治֪ôôڣͷˣ˵ҾˣȥǣҸ绰ɡ
ţȥɡ˵ͷ
ת߳ã߳ԺһҲģ̫ûسɶ˰ɣԼһڳɶĴ
ѾɶܳһʱˣһеģɶΪҵĵڶˣɶһС
߻򸻴ãصңϴ˸ڴϣʵһϴҽԺô˯˯㣬һصңоһ֣ˬܿҾԺ˯š
ڶΪϰ߰ɣһˣһ¹ĵۣ룬ǲ⴩ȥ˼ҵCOSñ˼ҵ⽨ŸͲˣһ˧СװҵķŪһ¡
緿䷭һ£Ĺˮһ㣬Ͼ˼Ǵ˾ȥҲܶ˴о׼׵ˣŴЬţŴһ⳵ñȥ


351 𼦰
һ˾ãʱɵˣطķˮҲ̫ˡ
⾹Ȼһ𼦰յķˮ֣ȻԷˮͨҲΪƽʱҲĹһЩ
հյľ֣һõǿģʵҿע⣬ûӵĴ򶫿ģΪ򶫿̫Уϡ
Ȼмⶰ¥ģ񼦣߻в¥¥ſ񹫼ĳһ
һĵطˣȥݵ˰¥ҲǴԪİ칫
߽ȥһȻյģûڰ칫ȻݵһװģʮſֻһҽͳЦһ˵ǰ첻Ӫҵɡ
æͳҵƬݹȥǣӵġ
΢΢üӹƬһüͷչЦԭ־ģãҽгܣǴԪĲžרġ
ҵ˵ͷף𼦰վֵĴãʢǲܰ칫ģֻʱм⼦תƵߵĲ¥֮طܷӴ˾ֵã˵ĶԲԣ
ĹȻǸмң˵ȻȫԣҲ˾Ųʮˡĵ˵ͷ
ҶԷˮǺУֻǰ˵һˮ֣˾ɼ϶һǧ԰ɣҲŴƸڳɶĽôһã¥ȫطķˮ֣ɼ⹫˾ʵ϶һ㡣
Сˣǹ˾ĲƷ󡣡ܿ񲻴֣Ҹ˾ߣһ¥ǹ˾İ칫߹칫ߵһ澹Ȼһڹһķ䣬һٶƽ
ǹ˾Ʒĵطˡָӵ
ˣƷӦڳ𣿡ֵʡ
ƷɲһĹġ¶һ˿ԺģЩƷĶǾרѵģӦø߹ɣǵĲƷаЧģͨЩʲôɲһ
ǵĲƷòƺܱ˰ҺǵõʱҿҳʱҲۣЩ˵һٿǮҲһǧȻװƷһǧ㲻ģЩʵаֵĶЩʦĸǳɰǧ
ǹ˾ϰ岢ǮֻԼܹ¡ЦҲǣطϰҲǻйµģȻ˵ⶫ֮ǹ˾Աȷƽʱ󲡶ûУСҲûզ
ôõķˮ֣ѡ
ôȸ˵µ׳ʲôɡҳʵ
ġ
һӸȻ͸˵
ԭһǰˣΪǹ˾ˮԣǶϰ࣬ȻȻҹߵΪˮ̫õԭÿ춼ʲô۵ԭԼ֮顣
Ȼǹ˾һͬµʱȥϲһСʱûǵʱȥңŷ˲ʬ壬ŷǵͬѾˣȻȥҽԺȣûˣһ£ಡˡ
ֵ֮ͬǰûಡܽʱǷҽ˵ģʱҲû⣬ֻǿ˸ᣬϰ廹⳥߼һٶ
ʱ˶û⣬Ϊ⣬֮󣬲ֳߡ
Ƕ֪ˣϰó˵İһ£ǲûзʲôͬ㣬Ҳûκû취ֻܵˡ
ֹ󣬼ߣϰ嵱˷ż٣ϰࡣ
Ƹϰ屾ǷˮһͦˣȻץʶץѣʱǼƻһ£ڵʱһ˴Ƹ˾Ĳ档
ǻץȻҲˣϰҲǱŵòᣬܶȥѯϰ嵽׳ʲô飬ϰҲԸ˵ֻǿԸ˵ʲôȻֱӸ绰ôæ
Ĵ¾ϾԪϰҲԸིԳҲ
֮ҲüϰҲˣ
һ˵ٱɱΪһ㶼һһĴһ㶼о֮ıͨĶ򲻹ֱɱĶ
Ѱ˰̾˿ͷ֪ʲôôĹҼǵǰûѧץʱòûʲô


352 
˰ɣһˣעÿЩ򽻵
ĵ컹жãҳԱߵĳʡ
ˡ̾˿˵ȻҲкܳһʱˣҲǼģȴû顣
û£ⲻǵɣȰǹ˾Կ׸ңԼ
˵Ժ󣬳ҲͳһԿף¾Ͱˣע㰲ȫ
İɡҵ˵ͷҲеģʲô۽ʬһ۽ʬ
ֽ䣬޷ǾǶעⰲȫ֮ģҲ˵ͷȻ뿪˹˾
ȴƸߺԼ˸λ£治֪øɵʲô
һ˵ֹһǲطˮôһֹǷˮ̫ģ˵ģĳ⵵£𼦰յķˮ֣˭طֹҾһ߹ȥⲻôôõһˮ֣һصķˮ֣ҪŰ죬һֻ֣ˮֵŪһ󴮵Ĺ»ҰһĹ֣ԴвĻҲǲطġ
ֻܽ㣬Ÿˡ
ҳ˼̣оҲû˼߳˾ã򳵻˼ҡ
ؼԺҾͰѽóòúõĲһ£˵ģǽҵʱǧʬĵһ͹ˣһЩһһЩܻ֮еĪ
ǹŴĴԼĽԭ򣬾ǽ̵ϱҲԼǹеĪ
лˣǣôΡŽŽ˵Ҳ˵Īĸо
ͻȻȻụ̀͸һպһæѽԱߵĴϣҲ۵
Ҷ̹ɣָоʹһˮˣ˺üָо΢һЩ֣ôͻȻأ
æͳֻʦ˹ȥ绰ܿͽͨˣʦǱʣɶ°ͽܣǲҪ˵ٵ飬˵ˣҲҪ̫࣬Ҫ˼͹ˣҲ̰ġ
ǲǣʦ⽫ͻȻúܹ֣ղڲأͻȻͱụ́ڻءֵʹʦʡ
ɶ㿴ǲһӡǡʦڵ绰Ǳʡ
ҵͷһȻһɫĶ͸һһһĶҲǺܴ󣬴Ҳôɡ
ԶԣǲǿһĶҳʦʡ
򽰡Ǻ飬ղŸɶˣʦʡ
룬˵Ҳûɶ˿Ʋ¡
ȥǰӽʹõʱǲǸ߹㣬㷢ӲӽʵΪӽΪˣ˶ǲʹӽģ⽫ӡǣҲ˵ϿġʦǱ߽
һʱˣе㼤ʣǲǸС˵ԺҾ޵ˣ
ƨûôҲΪʲôڣȻԿͺñʯͷУɱ̫أմѪǲܳģҲǼѵһģԱ룬ֻǽȻܳôڵĽһմȾѪԺԣԺѽӦ֣ھҲ֪ôԼʹþܸо
ͻȻʦڵ绰ǱݣˣôΪˣǰôãҲûΪӽӵʱǱڱ˯쵱ɶһţҵˣСӣ湻õġ
˳˧û취ﰵˬ˵ﲻˬǿ϶ܡ
ҹӦزĹϵɣʦ²
ɶ⽣֪ȣֵʡ
õĴȣҵ˼ǣ⽣ǰɱ̫أǸо˵زصĴȱ֮ģаΪôʦ˵
˵˵ȥǱȰҽžʣʦ˵ˣ߷һ¡
ҾͰѴԪʦϾ»ǱȽϹֵģʦһҵĸо͸ٶȰٿһһʵģұʹȻ绰ģһʦˣʡ绰ѡ
𼦰յľֹɣʦǱֵʣȷǽ𼦰յľ𣿡
ǲҵ۹ôȥȻרҵĸɿˮģ𼦰յľҲǴ˵üΣ϶ܿġ
Ļǿ϶ֹϽ𼦰յľҲǲùܽȥҵġʦž˵ֹĻǾаˡ


353 ɥʬ
аˣôû뵽أ𼦰־Ҳ̫пйҽȥаͲһˡ
ԼСĵɣˣһأȹҵ绰ˡʦǱһ˵һ֮Ҷ˵绰
ˣаĻ鷳ˣҶа˽֮١
ôҲ벻취һᣬԼóֽɰȿʼİ죬һаԼŴ޽ɲƷԸҲûɶЧҲûȥ
æЩһʱ䣬Ѿǲϰ˾ŵˣҼϴһ£ϴ˯
ڶ˸磬ľ¥Լ˸ɣȻͰ棬λɱᣬҿɲҪϷܵһ̳ģ̳йͳһһʲôԼ̳ѯʣһ˵õ𰸡
æԼ˺ţȻһ˼ʲôаÿɱһˡ
ҵȷԺҾͷ˷棬һֻظˡ
æķ̽棬Ȼ󷭿ظһȻһIDдٵĸǻظġǰҵһаΪ֮¥˵ĺƣĿ϶֮
֣һôôȷأæظǣ˵£һ˾ֹӣ˵֮𣿡
ǴٶҲͦģܿͻظҲ˵ֻ֮УǲܻаģļȻ֮ҲΪ
˷ʱ䡣̾˿Ȼϵļһﻹǲףֵҵ˵һź֮Ƶа
̻
æ˼ʺŹȥҺû˵
̻ĶȡʮֻŵһطЩɣֻһֱĶֻҪֶɱˣֲֻĶų˵Ȼ̵Ƕ̻ˣ׶ڴ˶ÿɱһˡ
ҿظоͦ׵ģϾʵǲ²Ԫ󵽵׷ʲô顣
һᣬ̳һᣬûʲôõϢҸоˣͽ»߳ɣһ߳ɣ͸о̫
ǹġ
ҽڳɶ棬Եʲôģӻص򸻴Ϣ׼Ҳһ׵۴ˣȻ⣬û˿ЧԼҲеһЩоԼӢ帽һ
ж˱棬űߵ¥£ȻЩһ񾭲һ۹⿴ңЦƤǴô
еһ⳵˵˽𻪴á
Ǹ˾ʮ꣬Ⱦ˸ëỴ̈ͳʣǣɶȥݿɿСϢǵطֹء
ҵһЦָԼϵĻɫ˵ϣɶ۹⣿ҴһǸɶģ
˾˿̣һЦ˵COSģ𳶵ˣǰ˵һɵñҲǸһԲУ촩һ۽ǴãȻֱӹˣǰ챨ֽˡ
˾еɵñƾǰԪϰѣеľƴƴ磬󻹱˿һɵñͷԩ
ӻͦ͵˴ԪҲӣһ߽͸оһȣʱҲѾһЩ˾ְԱʼ׼ϰˡ
ȻõĽԼƶǴԪٰģ沢ֻдԪһҹ˾һЩҵİ칫
ԭԪµʱ֪ͨ˾Ƿż٣˾ϰ嶼˵û£Ҳ˿⡣
ʱ·ߵҲָָģлһҲЩһͳ˴ԪԿףϵݡ
Һܿ͵˴Ԫ˾ĴԪ˾ĴͦģһЩĵȣԼһɳȥóֻֻϷ
ո˵ɣǰ񾭽¹ͻȻܳˣԽ࣬ҸоԼĵӾԽȻֵӴںܶǷ
ֻž͸о˯ˣһʱ䣬ߵӣһ˵ʮһų˯һ˵ɣһ룬ҾͰֻһԣ˯
˭˭
ͻȻҾͱֻˣҾ͸оԴԺģһֻĻȻ磬Ҵ˸Ƿ˵绰ʣ磬ɶ°
ûʾͲܸ绰ˣҸ㣬ҷѾǧ࣬ҪֻţˬأԷ
ȥеϢвʮľֻҪһ绰Ҳ²£ǲֶûǣȥҸĦ꣬Ҳ갡Һɸֵװ׵ΪǸ긶ʵǮԣÿ費ǸȻҹľܰѼҲܹ⡣
ڵ绰ͷ˵ô˵ҿɾͲˣӣҪô˵࣬ǸߵȶӵаʥĶģô˵ôףΪ࣬XXOOǲûɶ𣿡
ںͺ𣿡Ҵ˸Ƿôô䣿ӣףұôˣҿ˿ŷӦ˯ڴƸĹ˾氡ˣطֹ
һֻʱ䣬ʮһʮ
Χ¶Ѿ𽥱æԵ绰ͷܳ磬绰һȹˣ
ҹҶϵ绰æͳһŴ޽ղƷ޺ƽ٣֤ͨڣͬ뷣
һɫϳҵΧұæӱͳ˽СĿΧ
ˣ
ʲô
һĽŲһͷһȻһֻõɥʬæɥʬҲ﷢ŵͺһһҡҡλεĳ
ȥŽþȫɥʬĶͷȥŸɥʬɥʬͺһ˵ϣ
֣طôɥʬأҿŵϵɥʬܸоʲôطԾֻɥʬͨɥʬʲôطһʲôطһء
ˣ
ƽʱЩɥʬ¸һĵҪɥʬȴһζûУ֣
ô˵ͻȻˣǸ˵Ƕɻ
Ӵٵп֪ɻʵǶ˵ûųȻɵ
뵽⣬ʱЦأⱲ첻µز£Ψһ¹СѧǸʦʵ벻ʲôҺ£ʹûĹֻҪЧʲôҲɲɣӣŽЦСүҲغˣҵ㣬ж˿飡


354 ӳ
ҾվŰ죬ǹӰûüСĵĿΧ
˰죬ǹǰûֱͳ绰磬ܿ绰ͽͨˣֱ˵ɶҲ˵һֻôܰҳϽҡ
ɶѾĸɶҸôҲҲҲҲһ̣˵ôңεڵ绰Ǳ˵
Ͳ֪ʲô𣿸Ͻġü
룬𼱡ڵ绰ǱƬ̣˵۾ȻһֱתȦƾֱֻ
Ҳݣô׵ķؼʱ֪̾ӣ
ҹҶϵ绰û취ҿɲҺʱ䣬ϵľ˯˼ӵûʲôһʱ䣬иʱ򣬻˾иʱ֡
ЩرʵûĲס
æ۾ʼתȦҲεİ취ˣȻֱ˵ͦףؼʱȱܾͺñʱ
ת˺üȦȴûоʲôطйѵֱ⣿˵ǹ뿪ˣ
۾˼

ͻȻһľһŮ¥´ġ
֣
ǻþǹ壿
ҿٵ˼һ£¥ǾֵĺԽԽҲԥˣȾܵſڣݵ¥¡
Ԫ¥һҹ湫˾һȵſˣȾ壬⹫˾ſڵıңһѸ˻ȥ
ܵһӦǰ칫ҵĵطط͸ͨĹ˾࣬ÿһС䣬Ȼ湤
ʱҲҺģһʮŮģʱǽڣһֵĿǹ˾İУ񿴵ʲôֲĶһ̧ͷһΰ¡
ֻˣ
ֻ͸ؤһݣɫƣʱƮڰгǸֵŮĹЦء
޼Ǭ跨һҧָæֻһףȻһƸȥ
ʱԭƯڰյֻ͸ͷһֱҸˤϣҳֻˤĵطҪܣʱͻȻͳϵһǸղűƵǸ
ǴCOSɵƵң˸ڵģŪ֮ǰƵǼһָ
ݣ϶Žӣʱ򻹳ҡ
ҲֱӾͳ嵽Աߣʱһʹڵϣһʹֵģһ׾ܺſʱǸʿôɷأ
Ȼɻ󣬵ҺԥŽһȥ뷣
һرһרųĹͱģ̵ģҿ
һͱȥȴ͸ͱһһ
ٵģ˲䷴Ӧ˹ͨĽһǽ͸ɥʬûɶһȥһԹѡ
æͷһǸ֮ǰŵŮģʱһźԴϣ˲ͱˡ
ݣ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣̧־ҪһаȥͻȻSB嵽ҵԱߣһѾץס÷֣ȻŽͳҵԴ
ԭҾ۾ĶԸǹأûǣͻȻôһ£Ҹ㲻һҾ͸оԴģ۵ҪǾ죬ҹ
죿ĸSBһۣ˽˹˾ɳȥҾҪȥɳ
ˣ
ͻȻҲ֪˭һʱѾӴһеΧǸǵŮԱߣ̽һ£֪ˡ
ŮԴϵźȻһģЦһ£Ȼǽڣʧˡ
ݣʱסҵҪǸղҴǹǣ˵ŮĻ
ϣ˵СӴϡŹֵģˣǻɱ֣Ҷ֤Ź˾Ա˵һﴩùֵֹģһǾˣ˵һﺦ˵ġ
Ȼ⹫˾æ绰һߴ120
ܿһӵľ죬Ͼˣһӵľ죬ʱЦˣԵģôãˡ
꣬ôҳ
ʱ˵ĸоһˣҲ˵ˣСзΣʲôӳˡ
һңҲһֵʣӣôأ
Ǽʲôأ֪˭𣿡һұڵϣʱ


355 
٣һӺһıɱйأⱣҲ߯ʶʱˣղҺĶԻ֪ҺʶһﾹȻ˵
ıɱүһ߹ȥһֱӸߵԱߣȻָ˵һһıɱйأҹˣⰡȥʰ
仰һ˵꣬ʱȿֺĳȥһ
٣㲻ô֤ɲܵߵڰװһʮĹ˾ԱҲе㲻˵
ߵڰ׶ԲԣҰˣһıɱйءָԱ˵ʱ߹ȥ
ֲɶ¡ȻղŰһӣ⼸ղŻ£Ҷǲûʲôӡ󣬱Ͼ˼ҵıְҲȷԼġ
û£ȥһ٣ͷţɶ¡˰֣Աһ˵ǲô£ˣȥĻᡣ
˵§ҵļߣŵݵ¥£߳˾ãպöиҺͽȥ˸λ¡
Ҹ¾Цӳǹʮ㰡˵˾Ϳˡ
ԭղŻһɷ䣬ɫ¶һ˿ƣ¶ǰ֮ɫЦһ˵ȻзֳΣԼҲǰСŻڽӴĶˣĶȻһ
Щһģ˵˵ҲеģҾʹȤʡ
ͺñӣҾͳԹҪƽʱһ˺ɫ˵˼Ҷһ㣬ֻףֻкݣ㣬ǲŻĸ¡˵
ҵ˵ͷȷĺܶ඼ĸϾôԱһ㲻׷ˣûõģֻ˾SB㱳ų˼Ҳ㣬ɱһôأֻ׺һ㣬ѹסǡ
û뵽ôʱ仹ôࡣҺٺһЦ˵ͷемĳ˵ϴҽ֮һֱû㣬ʵһֱúллģ㣬ⱲӹǸԼûɶϢ
ֵܾͱ˵ôˣӦõġ
˵ͷ˵ȻзΣǼֳҲȨرͻȻһӸε̾ӳ㲻֪Ǽӳ춼ҵĴȻҸȥ
컹ҿˣͲ֪õȥ֤ݺ𣿡ֵʡ
㲻ҡҡͷǱƽʱҲҿۼˣһ٣Ǽӣƽʱײɶ֮鶼ͦģ˶һֻ۱һֻۣϾЩ˻϶ǼֳйϵɸȥˣԼҲ˶ãֻϵʧС
û죬̫ˡҡҡͷǰǵ̰٣ͦЦģҪȥ̰٣òܱ˸¿ˣٳҪͷԵ˲ܻġ
ˣЦЦôۣ÷Ҹˮ㣬һĹҳʡ
ᵽЦЦ¶ҸЦݣ˵ЦЦˣǧҵֲȥҲǮϾϵأҾҪʹĹʹһҪãϱҶӹҸ
¡ЦЦڹòҲǺˣеĽǰƽʱʲôʱΪ֮֩ľ룬ʵƽһҲͦõģȻûô棬ûôʣƽǸ
Ī̾˿俴ңЦǴӳӴĶҲͦˣ˵һСĴڣһֱòϢ
˵ֻ۾ֱĿңҲ˵Ҿ˵ûɶرģһȺƵˣһ᲻ϿɵĹ
ʲô俴ʡ
๤ĹҺ˿ڿȣæתƻ˵ˣˣ˵ӣ
㲻˵Ҳأôģ˵ʼ˵Ҳǹ¹죬ǣܲΪѰɡ
ҵ˵ͷȻͰ֮ǰƸֹ飬Լǰǰȫ
йϣ䲢û¶رԭı顣
㲻Ϊʲôйʡ
ʲôþȵģǰɷҽʱĹ»٣ʱǸо֣ܶҾûйڣǸɱ˰ɣҡ
Ȼһһͨ˻ʵˡ


356 Ϲ
İɣЦЦ϶µģӴӣͲһˡʵ˵ЩҲԱ˳ŵĺҺˣҪǹ£϶Σյġ
˿˵û£ЦЦû¾ˣǸɾѵЩ
ˣٳˣܲ˵ģ½Ҿˡļ
ҿСҲܲˡͻȻһϵһͷһȻһʮͷͷһɫɽװҲܶ࣬ͷҲȫǰ׵ġ
ǣСĵʡ
ƸϹơͷ΢΢һЦ
ϹƣҲûŵֱұŵΪƸݣϹƵ̫ˡ
λ֪飬Ҷ֪Ǹ̳ɣǾȫץ̳˿Բ֪ץ֣֪С飬ʶܶˣ˾Իʶˡ
壬ץëλ壬ëϱߵĴ
һ©ëץйָϹ֮˹ϵĵ
ʵνҲʵӰʵȷţϾëץϹƾǿˮ
˷ֱߴ
Ȼ֪ϹôͻȻһһ񣬵ԭƸϹǰֵģôµӾͲ׳ˡ
Ĳ˵ֻҪϹǰҪ˭ץȫйץĻûҾܾģ˵ץϾϹһӣԺԼҪɵʲôֻҪϹǰָأɶܳɡ
ãƸСѼȻѾˣαذ;ϣϹЦ£ȻһҵԱߣæϹǰһȡ
ҲЩ⡣Ϲǰ˰֣һ˵Сֵ⣬϶ϲš
Ϲǰῴࣿҹʡ
Զһ㣬ǲô֮ãʦ壬һǲ̫ԶˡϹǰ֪ǲǿʱ˵ġ
Ҳҡ˼ôӣȻҲ̫д
Ϲ̾˿ҡͷϧһˡ
Ҳ֪ôӻϾ׾ǼһͽܣͽһʦУʦصһǺܿصġ
ϹǰǺʦͬȻۣûʸġ
ȻνҽӻĻ϶Ϲ²õӡ󣬱Ͼһ˼ҪһЩ
ϹƿһۣһЦ˵ˣҲǻһѰˣͷҲе顣
ģһȥղǼӡʱҲվҴ˸кֱ߳˿ȹݡ
һǻ쾯ֻ̫ˣף֪ԽԽ鷳ɡ
ǰΪʲôأԱߵϹǰʵ
ƸⶼǽǴƽҲûʱһ֪һСҪ˵°ɡϹƵʵʼ˵ǸطǴƸĹ˾
ǹ˾ֵʡ
Ǹ𼦰յľģ¥õĵضΣǹ˾Ȼڶ¥ģʵǵһ¼֮󣬵ʱ˾ĹϵǼҹ˾ͣҵǲԸ⣬ǹ˾Ѱ칫صǻˡ
ҵ˵ͷǱȽףǹ˾ȻǾӪ⣬νеҲһ֣п϶еģ˵Ҳ⡣
ǹ˾ҲˣȻǹ˾һҲȥҲ˲ҡϹҡͷ˵ǶʱȥǰһѿȥˣԲ֪£ҽŸϵҲоͦġ
ľȻúܣò˵а֣ƽ㣬ǷԲһ֮Ҳûٹ»ҿƫƫͳ¡
Ҳû˵ǵģϹǰ϶ȻϹǰž˵һ˵аҲ֮ܽڣԻһ֯ġ
̣ʡ
ϹһЦ֪Ϊʲô˰ɣʦ׾źͰ̵ľ˽֪ҽˣȻϣæԺᱻҲ뺦ˣֻ˼ɡ
̫߿ˡ̾˿治ҿûٱ£Ҫ˵ʦʦ棬һһţҵĳɾȴޡ


357 
ǰҿⲿϷʱһ仰ʺ㡣ϹԭЦеɫ΢һЩǳһƱ㻯
𣿡΢Ҫ˵ңһ˿ǸץČ˿ǵزתȷʵʵ˵һûϢԼš
Զ࣬Ҳۻ軨ĻղǻͿ϶ûϹ˵ͳһСӵݸҡ
ǣҽӹӣʱһ֮洫ԭʧһգⶫǷ飡ҾԱȵʱʦҵǿҪã
ǰΪʲôҪɧǴƸԭˣŷҵõ֮ҵʱֻоⶫһ㣬ǰʱⶫϼһȻǺǮҲΪ˵ǮԼȤĶ
ܾˣѯʵǰҲǱȻǰ̸Ǯ
˵ץ棬ǮģĪˣзɣܵǮߣץҲ˶Ǯֻء
Щ߹ٸ߹ٳϵ飬ԼҿõľȻҪأЩҲϾزֻһΣԺ󻹵ЩشʦæΪ˽ύ϶С
ϹǰָʶپǸ߹٣ܲǮˣǮֻἤŭǰ
ϹƵ˵ͷסĵطˮۣǽֻôƸˡ
ѹÿɱһˣ԰̵ֶΣ淢ޣһ¥ȫŪҲû⣬ǻǼɵϹƣϾôˣϹһŭʶȦкŴ̡
䲻Ԫˣ϶Ҳ鷳Сòʧ
ôصĶպðɡæѷݸϹǰϹǰҡҡͷֵóʱûҪջȥⶫԵ͵æһɡ
⡣ҳһܲܰǰæء
㣬Ľ϶УͿ϶С˵ţϹǰóһӨ͸СֻаƴС棬һ档
æӹСʣǣ
ǴԪԱ㲻ǹĻǱһƽĶôֻǸҲУԼ취ɡϹƺǺһЦվ˵ˣСһ˵ˣúðҴԪþˡ
ҿϹǰ뿪æ˿˵⿴ܺÿ
Ұͷŵ˶𽫳߳˿ڿ϶û취ֻˣֻе֮ˡ
ؼԺϴ¾˯ˣļҶڼ˯ҪôȥϷʱ䵹ǹͦġ
ܿ죬ͻ˹ȥϣҲվȥһվͿһһۺɫװͷĶվվſڡ
磡ҳ֡
Сӣɶ°ǵҴѵ֪ҺС귢չ˹ؼʱ𣿡һԱ߾
չĹؼʱ̸ˣ治磬ٶȾǿ졣æʵ˵ģǰ糤ûȥƤֺ׷ӻֵ׷һܵŮĻûɵġ
ô찡氮ҽӰأǣ֣֪˶Ǻܺߵģǲǣ氮ɡһ̾ģ浱Լʥһ
㻹氮һɶʱôˣǰӿӰȻֱӱˣھȻֶȥǣһ֪ǲ㶺ˡ
ˣЩˣϽ˵ҹɶ֪֪ԭԼСԻġһӺܽӡ
֣һߣһ߰ѴƸ
Ԫ󣿡Ժüʡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ԣҲ֪ط
ô֪ܲҵȫʵѧˮƷ벻ҲѣͨӦû֪Щ֪ĻǲٵģҲ֪Ǳĸˮʦָ㣬ΪЩףǶǺѵġһשҵģ˵
ﰵЦһ£ô᲻֪أǵúܾǰڶѧʱ͸˵żϹƣҲ֪Ԫż񿪵İɡ
Ҳú˵һǵȥϹǰҪǩô졣
ҺһģҲ˵ҵĿģνҲæסֻϾֻҪܣĺס


358 õԤ
֪Сӽҿ϶ûк£ܳһˬ
æЦ˲֪˲ģˣҲסǹֻæ˰
һ˽úܣҪӻͣⲻ΢һһ£ʱһϲģװиַ緶һĵ˵ͷô˵Ҳ԰˵ôû²ȸ磬άƽʲôģһʵɲӢ֮ˣ
ӣűˣץôֱάƽȥˡ
ѴƸݸ磬ʱƾҴȥץˣϾǰ֪ٴǰᵽϹǰ룬ˣϾȥҲһܼˣ˼ִʦʱȻĻſںһ꣬Ҳ
һһģ;һүһ˶ٻȻźһؼҡ
ԣˣҽȥɶûԣһ˳ٶ࣬ȥҶ֪ôԵȥ
ؼԺ͸ңҳҶ
ҵʱأҶɶҲң˵ȥ˵ҪһʲôĻȥҶ
ֻߵһ԰ĺߣΪ԰Χֵұűװɢģ߼ͳƬҶ˰СʱҲűһҶ
űƿţѱҲ˳ȥ˽ʮûϢͦ۵ġ
˰Ҷ𣿡ڴϿأһһˣ򿪱һĵ˵ͷóһֽݸңҵͷһֽϻĺһ䣬ֺͨķ䲻ͬ
ͨķУʻʱдһںƫķţȻٻģȴûƫԣһţһ
ʲôֵĳʡ
ⲻǷǣôأһ󷨱õĶˣȥëʣɰÿһҶ϶šָǴҶ˵
Ҷ˵һ˹ȥԣңװӣԷģ󲻰¾ˣȻӣҶôϸܻ𣿡
͸˵һҷҲˣôҲˣԼţʲô취أĵҼ˵ʲôʱƭأҶϻȷǹʱһЩõģֻǽˡ
ҳһҶ走оʳָϸ࣬ӵ
һӵҶŪĻ˵ܻϣһƬҶ͵ӲܻãҿһһҶҸоҵ磬һƬҰ
һһСʱҲûܻ٣ʱһһѵƣ
ͳֻ䲦˹ȥιôǲ鰸æ𣬲ǲǣҪˣ輸˹æʲôɶܲܰǴӵ˶
ܿĴʮ켱ܽҼңһ˽Ӷʱӵ˲٣ҲϻֱӾ˵ҪǰʲôæȻæȥë֮ģȻʮүǾͿʼæ
һֱæʮŪò࣬ʮ˲Ҫôõʱ䣬ֻ˼һѵæܲ˼ҳ԰ɣ£ȻʮүǳȥȾƣȵʮӲɢġ
һֱûҶȣڸе˻ΪһûôƵģȾƵʱ˭ȰסʮˣǿžƱһȦȻһֱںȡ
ˬˣˡ
С꣬С꣬ϲ㡣Ѿȵúˣұϻ֣һֱؿڲ䡣
үġȻǰϴѧʱҲԺûΣչּһ̫ˣζ˵Ʒ裬ϴ裬ֱӳӾϡ
綪Լ˯ˣȥĿͷˣϾһȺүǣֶ࣬˼棬Ҫ̣ܲ˵̰ܳɣ̻ʲôصĶǡ
ͻȻҷֵŮʵҲͦͷ۵ģȻ˵ڼ棬ɨˣЩƽүļһɨӣʱˡ
֣ɶأʵôҾǸоиŮҪò٣ɨůɶģȿȡ
ˣ˼ˣȥҵɨ㣬һСʱŸʰ走ɨ治˸ɵģ߲ˣǱ࣬ȥࡣ
ʱ䣬ʮˣòæ갡
һҶ̾˿Ҳûãɡ
һصԼ䣬оô˯Ҳ˯ţΪĪķ꣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôˣʲô׽˻ᷢʲôõһԤУüæƣͳֻ˹ȥ
ҽ˺ü绰ȸ˹ȥ˵ԼܺãŷģȻָɺɺͺ˼˵绰ȥ˿ɶҹʵĲϣӦΣյġ
ɺɺңܺãûʲô⣬С椻ʲôʱſԲݵæأ˼Ҳûʲô״˽ҵķҳʲôˡ
Ұеָо˷㣬˵ĸо͵类ץߵʱһ
һ˵żˣæҶ˵绰绰Ϥ˾ôڸ˯˼ɺɺҲ˿ţǲ棬ǾӣƾǰȥҪϮҲȥ޻أԻ岻õġ
æָʹ绰һưɺȾأһȺһģοң˵ˣҸȥҲû£ڼ˯أͷ岢һǸңǵزתԤʲôıƽҪ߲֪ٱҳԤУôǿ϶к׽˳£Լע㡣
˲ģҾ뵽ʦ֮ǰһֱûʦ绰ûʦ¾ΪʦҶٻ֪ģһ˻ûϤ˾ôŵ绰ʦĺ벦ȥ
ĵ绰ѹػԺٲ
ţüʦĸĵ绰˹ȥ
ĵ绰ѹػԺٲ
ǰʦûйػʦĸҲǣôˣҶʱļʦȻƽʱɵģҾû˵ʦĸ͸˵ˣҵ׶һ
æ绰ȥ绰أ绰Ǵġ
ӣǲɵƾųˣǱ߽ʣе
ڻ֪壬ȱ𼱣ٸ绰ǣ˵ֻûءæο


359 ׾ŵı£
˽ˣҾһֻƽʱܻػģǳ飬ȥʲôµʱ򣬲ŻػǱߵǵ˵ƸǼôˣ
ôֵʡ
Ϊж׾˵ѵ绰ػģˣ槼ķӡûˣӿ϶һȥ취ȥˣݡæ˵СӣƸӦǰ̸ɵģʱ㻹ȥץаܴʩ˿϶ڸҾ취ץȻʵô£
ҶһòֻˣʵҲͦͷ۵ģҪ槼ʦĸǸ䣬ȻҺ槼ʦĸûʲô춼ûĹʦôʦȻƽʱҺģʵףлռһҪλá
ԭʹϸڣɴͼ򵥵˵ֻֻܸǸʩˣͽ
Ҷϵ绰ԺҵҲһֱţоǹɲõԤȻǿңٳ˯ţȵ賿ĵʱʵ̫˯˹ȥ
ڶʱѾĵˣ˯ʮСʱԴҲ˯̫ˣ۵ҪԴ
߳ңȥ£ҲʲôԵģõȻȥˣͻȻأƿһ
ȥ˯ǾζĴͷµĶʲôװˣȫ³ġ
˯ţҪȫ۹ȥϴˡ
ҹȥţǺ޷ӦҪĺҶΪǲǹˣֱӳ嵽ϣİ˸⡣
ᰡҿɲ˯ʲôѹˣҰϽԡңˮͷһˮİ˽ȥ
һƽȥ˲ˣֵĿ˿ԼȻʣҲݣ·أҺˣЩʲô
һŸȥԵģɶأϽϴ裬Ҫɡ
˵ҾߵԼ˸̸̣ճ꣬ʪ˦ŸȳСһԼңֹһᣬŴ·߳
ҿһģҸϽ˵ְ£׾ŹƳˡ
ԭһŭ⣬ҵĻ˲ˣһųԣԺҸЩɶҾȲˣ㻹ƭң׾˵Ϊмܸɵù磬´ƭȱƭôΪ̵ô
ǣĳˡæϵ¸ҺʹĲ²֮ġ
꣬˿˵ô˵ϻûҸɶллذȻҡ
ݣֳֺľջ˼ҶһҪ汻һĵùǺһ֪Щ
ˣ˵׾ǼһôˣŷӦ˵治ҿʦǶǲ֪һЩ飬ΣյʵһֻҲһù
𣿡ֵʣֻ֪ʦôҲ
˵ͷȻ΢˼һ£˵ڸҲû£Ҳ֪ϼת㱾Ҳǵزת԰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ
֪ô׾˵תʣԾ
ɱĶ治ǱֻǸо̫ԽˣʱҪǶɹڽ¹˭ֻһоԲԼЩʿЩֵܣȻɱˡ
˵ֻôץҲаʵ
֪ƨ֪𲻹ʷдģ𵱳µʱ򣬱ʱħȺľɱɱûһָڵĶ鷽Բʮﶼûָҿ
˵ʱκŲͶ̥֪ٹʮѹʹͶ̥ģ˵
ȥô󣿡ﾪǰ޳ô˵ʮˣȻҪʮһѹ
˭ܴù׾Űô̬Ҹ̾
ҡͷҲ˵ģţҲֻһһǵزôⱲأǌ˿һ׾һΪĳ飬ָһʵԼŬˡ
š̾ʱ䣬ӽˣæ˵ˣϽȥ׼ɣ׾ǳʲô£ʱץ̵˲֪ô
Һ˵ʰһ¶һҶȥ


360 Ҷ
Һ극ѾˣҸæϵãһֹҹ˾ſڣҪһҶȻóһѺߣȻЩҶúߴ͸ѿʼҶһɿʼ⹫˾
Լߵɳϣọ́һ߳һߵ
һû׳԰ӵĶһֱæ˴Сʱϰ˵ʱæꡣ
һƣߵԱߣһƨԱߣ走ģ̫鷳ˣ⹫˾̫˵㣬Ū˰Źĵꡣ
磬ˣϢһ¡Цİ̵ݹȥӹԼȼ
ҿЩǽϵҶĳʣ磬ô
ڻҵʵôݣҲ㣬㳤ʶ˵æ̶һԺָǽϵҶ˵Ҷ֡
ȥôȵ֡һû˵ʹˣϣеòȡ˰ɡ
㶮ƨ˾Ǽʶǳһӵĳʣ֪ɣ
ƣ˵֪ܴôǰ֪ᵽûǼ֮ܾǰҶڤ;һû˵ץ
󷨾ļ֮ǹԺҿ󷨣Щܴ֮ԽǽڣʵΪǵı˼֮ȻЩǽÿ󷨣һȦǽȫɼ֮仰˵ǿתɺ͵ظʣùȥôʡ
ҡҡͷҵȷԺģȻûʲô˼оӡ
˵ҲССĵ㣬ȥҸطҿ˿Ҫҵطһ
㲻ϼıôһԸ¡ֻȻôǿһ˶һ
æ˵ӵģÿһЩ˵ĴβȥɰµҽԺݣҶ˵ˣԼСĵǡ˵һЦܲȥˡ
ҿıӰԭͦסģϾÿһֻǴӲȽ룬һסˣȥŰɡ
ԺҲԼͷɳֻ
ʱ䵹ǹúܿ죬תۼ͵ʮһ㣬ҶʱҲֻˣǹǿǲǿʧݵĻͲˡ
ҵỴ̈˫۾ͿŲķڵҲ֮ǰôˣϾԶڣһĸɶ
ҳ鵽̵ʱͻȻʹ˺ֵôЦһ
ˣ϶˯ˣǹ϶ûˡ
æץ𽫳ܣһܽȥͿ羹ȻɧǡǡأԴһȻһɷƮԴϡ
뷣Žɷʹ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ǲΪɷԻ绹ôΣû㣬⽣һʱҿ˸ɸɾ
һսҿ˿ɶ
лˣ㰡æ˵
ݣҲ֪лô˵ҸСǡǡأ˵ô
СûˡҾ֪ӣŮϡ
ˣϽ󷨣ǹ˵Ҷʱأæѵһۣ˵ʱҾѾˣ弸ëɲȥ
ǳ򡣡ҲǰˣŽʣϽ̳ǼһʰøϽȥ塣
Ҳ֪£æ˵ͷó̲鿴һ˵ߡ
˵߳˲æŽȥ羶ֱһ칫ģС䣬ȥһĵСɣСּҰɣ
һƿһݴ𣺡С
һ칫Ҳһ̧ͷͿ˰칫ҵǽϣһֻӰǽϣʱڲϵŤŽʹȥˢһ£ӰͶ㿪һ£㿪֮ӰҲĴǽڸ˳
Ҫɱ𣿡ͻȻӰȻ˵ˡ
֪ҲǱȱƳӵģɱôˣͶ̥϶Ͷ˵ģ㣬лҿҸ˰㳬ȣ涼󷨣϶ܲģ÷ˡŽֱĿ
ͻȻӰͷЩˣҸôЩ˵ĸܣ֪ôҹǸǸϰһڷԣ𣿾ΪؤҳԵһЩα˾Ӧȥ


361 ˻
ֻĻ̾˿ϺҿְҵؤӦþ֮һȻؤ֮Ȼ޷ڸؤóĸԡ
Ϻܶؤнţȥ͹ݰæһҲһǧסᰤԱůǿ϶ģԼóԹˣо綼Ƿǵġ
˵棬ǰôӦȥʵʵͶ̥񣬻±ӻͶ˼ҡ˵Žһͳһȥ
̵һ룬ͻȻҾ͸оԾˣֻɷȻǣʼΧɷԭǽҶҲȫֻڡ
ô£һôͻȻôˣȻҸղſԳȥһ̹ȥǹΧŨܵ˵ϣĻ鷳ˡ
֪ͻȻһԵ뵽ʲôһˣ᲻Ǵʩ˴ˣǼһڸ
һѣҶʱҲˣʩʼļɵϹƣƲʹʵĻҲ˼ɲôˣָʵ
ôһ룬ʱоˣٵ
ʱҲŤֳ˺ܶЩŤʮʹһ㡣
ֻһϱ˳
ݡһɺĸо˷˹
һںް֪ղֱӸɵˣ˵ʲôһӾͱˣƨ
磬ϣָֻ˵æ˳䣬εĵ֪󻹵Щƨɵ¡
޼Ǭ跨꣬ʹһæתһ繭ģ۵ӡ
æܽȥһֻȻˣҾʣ磬ǰɣһƾͰKOˣ
KOƨƸûУֻˡȻһƣǳ
㲻˵ûйܳȥ𣿡ҶʱоһҲ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ݣҲû뵽ǹܰǽϵȫⰡʲô취
һ뵽ǹˣʱͷʣô죿
˵ô죿׷£ǹ϶Ǳʩ˸ٻȥԸġ
Һæŵݣܳ˾ãҿ˿ȻǳúܣҲΪҺһܽȺʱ͸ͨûɶˡ
ҿΧˣŵ绰̸ҵģҲС˳ֵģиָˣҶʱ̾Ҳġ
Ҹ̾ʱҲԱọ́һ£Ȼҵļһµɶأˣߡ
˵ͳһҿ˿ΧȺЦһ£æҲǸĽŲ
ҺһֱӣÿҺھУѵģҪһܸһӹƾܲ˰ɡ
ҸֱӾܵһС棬ӿ׶࣬мģ滹кܶͲġ
ʱԶҾͿ˴ˣʱ崩һĵۣľں֮ǰܳĶء
ȻһֱѹŶڴҹҪһᣬֻôûɢ
ʱ岻ԶĵطһӰڵϣһëһֱڵϻʲô
һŤͷͿҺ磬æ󺰣ץסһ
ֱһӣŽͳȥ練תûӰ˵֪ɶأĹؼʱ̾Ȼתˡ
Ҳˣƹʱֻ׼ңֱôһ˻ȥ
Һܿܵǰӿʮɣе֣ԭͷдʲôһܵǰ棬ŷӦ˹̧ͷȵĿҡ
Ҳùʲô飬һͳȥҲʲôɱ˲ɱˣ˵⾩þͺôˣǰָˣһ˵츣ᡣ
һæͷ㿪һʱҲдˣıסҵĴȣԭΪһҪʲôֶζԸңŽ׼һء
û뵽һﱧסҾʹ𣺡úǱƵģɣ񶫾ͻɱңҪɱңǺ˰
סˣ̵˲ôûɣȻа̣ҵӡǺأҲ϶йˣû뵽һﱻһ£Ϳ޵ˡ
ű𶯣Ⱦ˸ͰɡŽСĿȻͳֻҪ110ͻȻﲻ֪ʲôʱһѺذףҾͱ˹


362 ɱ
ҿѵһһﱾһʼǱҵĴȣҷӦҲԣ˳ϥǾͳ˹ȥ
һ߹ȥԼ֪ģϥߵģһʱ߷˳ȥȻʱ߻Ұһǿ³˼ŴѪݡ
һȻѶ˳ֶϣתͳӵһȥæȾͳ壬˻̫ûˣһΣˣǶ˰̵
˵˵оûɶٶȣ˹ҲĴָ˲ŲȥμӰ˻ΪӮˣܽʲôа氡
׷˵ܿҪܳСˣʱеˣΪô࣬һܽȺץйˣݣ
ӿܳС˲䣬ڴ羹Ȼһש·
һʱҲˣͷһٴ֣֣Ͷǡ
磬һգСĵ㣡ҵʱ뻹ñȽԶæ磬ʡصޡ
ҲֱͦӵģŰש˵žȥʱһڵװһ㶯Ҳûˡ
һŪιȥԭڲŴֻ˲ʧӰˣҲǸæܵԱʣôɵģɵò
ݣˣһ˰һһЦ˳Ż˵ʹš
ԵģҾϲ˰ȴãӰ칫ʮ˿ûأүģ̧ߡҲģҺ־ǰ·
æһ͸ŴߣĳͣӳڵĲԶǷѾײñˡ
ҲѹôˣҺϳԺڳһʣԭһʼһͰȾܣ·ϻһ⳵ܣ廹һ׷ս
ʱѾûˣţǼ̧İ칫һ
˳־ʹ칫ĳóһмСͦ˵ģָ˵ӣȥŪˮ˵ѡ
ݣⲻֳɵô˵ҪӿԴһ£ǲǷɣҸ˵ٴΣˣܸó˵в
˰죬æ˩ÿ˵ҽˮȥˡ
æס磺ҪôģˮҲǺܲòģһ˼Ҹð˲Ҳµĸðʲôô಻ð
Ƕˣõ˵ķ˵žߵԱߣȻһӵؿȥصһ졣
ҿǼһﾹȻ˿ʱ˿ĭһҪϣҾιȥ˶ñѹǼһ治ôǿɡ
ûѣ̧׼ߵʱͻȻԭͦʬ͸°˵һˢһ¾ס˴Ľд𣺡ΪҸǣֻҪˣҴҲʲôģֻҪԴү̣֪ʲôҶǡ
ˣװˣЦһʣԭȥǸõˣǵҲֻץֻѣ΢˵仯ң׾ŵ׳ʲô飿
Ҳ֪Ҿɹڻҵģɶ֪
үģʵʮФԲԣ£ɱ̰һаΪĵãа̳˽ǼʮФĵλߣ֪ܲһЦĿһ
ɱһ˴Ļɫ䣬ô֪Щģܣ
Ϊʲô֪ߣ㻹ʵʵ˵ɣȻҿԸغ裬Ȼȥ弦ȥ̷ô߰Сܸܵȥȳ治̷֮аɣһ˵Сȥģһв֮⡣
˴⻰ʱоһ̷ۣҲֻܴ֮ó̫ˡ
𰡣𰡣˵ɶ˵ɱȻûæ˵޹ģǱȸЩģǿɲ̣ܶҶеġ
ֻҪһһʮ˵ҴӦ㣬һθĹµĻᣬŵ˰ɣһСѵıһ˵һ˵ͷ˵Ҳ̫
һž˹ȥһ߷˵Ǿ˵
ɱһί˵򰡣ǿͷһҲ̫ġ


363 ˣ
ɱʼһһʮ˵
ԭ̴ʼʱѾƻЩ谭̷չˣʦ׾Ҫѡ槼ʦĸ飬ʦʦĸƭ˰̵ܲ
ܲ˵ʹĳһš
ڱϲɽϡɱæ˵Ȼ˵һѣŹȥ˵˳
˵˰ɣŪ˵ʹȭ
ɱסԼԴæ˵磬֮ǰ˵ҪҸĹµĻ𣿡
ˣ㲻˵һˡ˲ͷĺͳֱֻӲ110˵֮Ҷ˵绰Ȼɱ˵úõĸĹ°ɡ
𰡣磬ǿ϶ҲɽľλãܲҲأҿԴǽȥģͽȥɱæĺ
ӵģһŰߵһԣûþ졣
ҲǷˣҲ˵ˣȻͰɱˡ
˴Ժ˾ڴİ칫ҵɳ£ü˵ڸô죿׾˵ȻҲԼܲȥˡ
ʦôӦòʲôɡҰο
ҡҡͷ׾ǼһȷǼһ̫ˣһϵϱɶǶûˣ¶ģŪа׾ŵĻ׾˵ĻΣգҳ»ԲҲ˲õԤôʵҲԤУǷҲһġ
Ҳֻܵ˵ͷ̾ûʦûΣյĻôԤУ
ô죿ʡ
˵զ죿ɱܲ£үģϸӴ绰ܲܶץֵĹϵӣʱһǡ
ֻˡǵ˵ͷҲ绰˵һ´һᣬŰĹҵ˵绰˵Ӧû⣬ʵҲһֱ붯ˣֻûûҵ̵ĵַˣкܴ⡣
Ϊܲڱʡ
˵ͷϾ׶ʼڱܲҲԭɣ̵ָܲжħ֣ǽЩܳڱֵĻΣա
ô죿ܲʦһ˵ǹƥȥǵطɡüʡ
NO˼ԣҪøһ㣬ץԼСȫۼڱϳǼϣЩħܳЩ˵סЩħֽ뱱
һ˵꣬ҶʱüƤˣҲݣҲ̫ˣҾʣһûסЩħȫܽô죿
Ǿ͵̺ʽץһֻֻץԵģС˼ǧˣץֵʮ򣬲ŻβЩһ˵꣬ͳ绰˵ιңץֳָ־ϣ
ȥץʦ𣿾ֳˣƽʱȻץֵĸֳ
͸߶ǸʲôҪдϣǲӰæȻҶ˵绰վ˵ӣӣȥӦһ»ҵ˱ϵǵġ
Ŷýֱܲʡ
ԽԽãȻ˲ԤУһ׾žͳˣӦô׾ŻкܴΣգӦû£Ȼӿ϶һӦɣһϵǣȻ̵ܲ
˵Ժó绰ϵˣҲףڱҪôĶ϶Ҫͨܶණ
ȻͲǸòĵˣҺҲֱ˳˰칫ң¥ȥ
·Ҿ磺˵̵Ļжԩأ
ܶˡü˵𿴴˵ôɣʵѶȺܸߣҰٹʮƶѾ䵽˰̵ĸħָ˵жˣЩܳܽ鷳ɲһĴ󡣡
˵𣿡ǰ;˵Ǳһˮ֡
ܷˣǸֻǷչõģڷûʲôЧģЩܽʹ档֪̾ΪʲôֱӾ˵ЩС˵ϳ𣿾ΪʹأЩ϶ʹܡ
Һһ죬һ߳˸ʿ˼ңҺ򵥵ϴһ¾ֱ˯ˡ
ڶһҾˣԺֱӾʰԼеץȫװˡ
ɣҵļ
ܵ˳ɶʮʱǰĻƱɻˡ

һ·ɻʱо治һԼĸоɣй׶ǰҾһֱû뵽ˡ
ˣһæԱվվⱱضˣйǰνɲЩǰˣ벻֪Ǻ˵ļһһġ
Һ͸нһɶʣر磬ڵʿָЩӣ̾˵ЩûУЩȫǷˮ֣̫ˣȻǲһ
ҲûĿ֪꣬ĸһ˵ģ˱ȥһα͸һȻֱ
֪ǲ۾ôǱˣӻ˱˾ȻҪһǧ塣
ǳ⳵ʦ˵Ǳ۾ô󡣡
û취˭ģزģһǮҾͺܴ˵û£СǮǮ
һƵ˳ԣԺҲˣҲ̫ˡ
ˣʹɡЦеߵƱĵط
ʹͦģƱܽȥͿʼˡ
ҷоʹûɶ˼ԭǸоӦûܺ棬ȥʼ˲Ÿоûɶ˼磬ԽԽ£һ滹һߵʹķˮôô
٣Ĺʹһֱ浽ʹţų
һʹоɫҲ֪ڸȥˣͻȻĵ绰ʹˡ
ιأڵ绰Ǳʡ
Һڹʹſأڶ֪øɵɶ
Űɡǡ˵Ժ͹˵绰
ҹ˵绰ô£Ҿ˵
˴ŰСʱȻһžƵľͣǰ
һʮ꣬һװ˳΢ЦߵҺǰʣλǳɣ
ǣСĵʡ
нľԱλġ˾Ц
һæ˵ͷж˵۶ʱ˲٣Ա϶˵ĸǰ˻һλнľԱĸҴⰡ
æ˵лл
λϳɣڲӵλءԱ˵


364 Ǳսһ
ҺηηƽʱڳҲһԡ
⾯ԱúƽȣҲЩ߹ٶһҴƣǵȺƣȻſ
⾯ԱڳҲżҺ˵һ䣬ǺܺͰģҺ綼ŰģҲû˵
Ź˶ʮӣŵ˱һ棬ȥԺͣһ칫¥ǰ棬Һ³Ժ󣬿ΧЩʵʱѵʱҲھģоǲһ
ʱѵǸıһ͸Ʀһʿһ磬·ǹؾصġ
λ룬ڵλԱָŰ칫¥棬ǰ·
Һ˾͸Сѧʦ칫һʵҴԱߵ¥ҵһ칫ǰţȻŽȥ˵λ˵ˡ
ɣ洫һϵ
Һ߽ȥһ칫ͦģһһ칫һɳʱ칫һžʮϽ
ϽȻʹ󣬲ͷ̧ܾܲͷҺһָۣɳ˵ɡ
ҺæܵɳãǾԱҲţ뿪ˡ
ε˵ˣ׾ܽ˰ܲȥˣ԰ɣϽͷڿʲôļʡ
ԡҺæͷȻҲϽǰ˵ʲôô˵أǸоϽȻǰй
ر͵һϽ񣬸оܷоֵһ۾ܰŵ֡
λôҺ׾СһҲʶˣͽܣôġϽЦǺǵİļպã˸Һ˵εͦ鷳ģϾطط飬־Ҳˣλ⼸סǲӣһжɡ
æͷϽҲ˵ͷ˵ȥҸղŽǽСһе飬ͲˡϽ˵Ժ߻İ칫ϣʼļ
ȸˡһԻڷ磬æ˳ȥ
һȥеСҲǸԱվſأһ˵λɣѾǰźסˡ
Աߵ˾ддûʲôˣյģԱ͵ѾˣСһֶϢ
лˡҵ˵ͷ
ôסôƵطͻȻ֮ǰĴž˽һͷһԭһĴ߽һʮ꣬΢֣Ÿīװһʮ꣬һգ͸һ
˵طõľ˵ģԱüͷ΢岻ûж
ԱǸʮ˾˵£ˣǹġ
ӰҲǸ˵ôұˣش׳ǣȻƽʱݻʵ۵ĽɫôлᣬϷ̫ôӳԱߵǸӵ˵
Ǳ¡ӵͷ
ʬͻȻԱߵ翴СԱ˵˳־Ҫıýһסҵ֣С˵嶯ʬֲܿ
üͷʱҲֵľҵһ¥һȥˡ
ԱԱѵλɡ
õġԱ¥˸䣬Ȼ󽻴һЩ飬һЩطȥ֮ģȻ뿪Ա뿪ԺæŹϣüʣô죿ôֻʬ
֪ʬúܣȵʱǧʬֻ۽ʬҲһǵӡ
ȻȥԣǲӣҲ̫Σհɣ˺ľ̫ǿˣԼĶ
ʱͷ˵ϼһʵڲо͸Ѿġ
˵̣Ҳ𽫳ȥ£дһӰûУСߵһ¥ʬſڣţŽ׼һžһȥ
ܿžͿˣŵǸʮĽʬʬֵĿʣʲôģ
ȥŽֱӾһȥҲ㣬ҵĽͷһƳʱͻȻʬȻһ
𣡡
վýһ˵飬ȻѪɫ˾ȻǺ۽ʬ


365 Ǳս
ˣȻҺ֪ʬǰ۽ʬû뵽˾ȻǺ۽ʬڹŴܵһĴڣ
ݣܣסҵ֣ԥľҪܣҺһ͸оץסҵļֵֻҸ˿Ҳá
˵˭д̱µģʬĮʡ
д̸ƨʬôܽӵģҲǱץסˣʵ
˵ԲԣǾ۽ʬ۶ܿʬֻ֣һֻסҵĲӣһֻסĲӣϵԽԽء
ˣӣҲǸ߹ôҪһ춼ǴɱɱģǺгᣬСֵܣû°ɡӾȻһƬһ˯˳
ûû¡ʹļ֣۵ܲˣʹ۽ʬֲ̫ˡ
סǸߵǰֵĿĽʣⲻ׾ǼһĽôôϣȻ̧ͷϸĿ˿ӣʱǸ۽ʬ˵񣬸Ͻ׾ǼһͽܣҪɶŪǣͲ׾źƴô
ĺ۽ʬ΢΢һü֡
ʬȻʶʦʦ˵ǰɹʲôôӰ˵˶ʶ۽ʬʶ
Ͻȥϴϴ˯ɣǲǻ˵ģǾæ̵ġ˵ҪߣͻȻʲôһת˵ˣҽش׳ԺϷĿŶרҵʵϷݵġ
ش׳תԺǸĺ۽ʬת˽ȥ
ʬԺεĳԱߵʣô죿⾹Ȼк۽ʬ
զ죿Ѳ㻹ܴùǣϣҪɱ˰ɣȻ˵Ǵ˶ʹҡҡͷ
Ǳԭʬʲôɫû뵽к۽ʬ
Һ϶ҳţºʬϣдסҲԽԽ࣬һ϶ʮӣЩ˶ȫСˡ
ҺҲǾȥЩ죬ЩдĴһȾƣţһһף˵˼ʬ˵˼
ôţô˵ţ綼硣
ҼЩ˲ףԭеִ֮ͳйоصģЩʵҺ࣬һģȾ椡
ڵʱ򣬲ӵ˱㿪ʼϰ˵㼯ϡ
Һ˵ʰöվдſڣʱѾһٶˣСĳԱʱһУüͷˣͻȻʹ𣺡
У
æվֱӣΪʱѵʱȺŪİɣȻӦվֱӡ
ЩС綼վ߰ģǸУҡҡͷ˵εжһλС飬һһˣǱһ顣
ȻͣһȥӺܿ͵Ļ廷֮ңʱҵһ㳡Ѿ˼վ
æ³Ҵһ£ٶˣڹ㳡Χ侯ͨ˿
ҺһλվסˣʱһٽΣʮٽһȺˣȺվã
ƽʱжı£ǵʾٱǿףЬվȥȫվãٽȴ𣺡˵ģЩĺĽǣǵܱлᱣԼĹңǣĽǣԣ
һٽĻʱҲһ󼤶Ҳվġ
ãӣһ廷ĻһضԲЩණԽٽ𣺡ȻץֳԱܲ
ʱע⣬ԭ˵ǰ棬ʮվǰ棬·ͳһһɫɽװע⵽һ˴ɽװ˱Ű˰ľ˾ȻL
ϱϳǱλСԱȥԼĵطѡص㣬ȻץֳԱϰ˵㿪ʼǲӻһֲ֧Ӻһȥץֵ˸ԸĹֲ֣֧ӱ̵ĳԱ
ǣ
˼ĺ
ôץĿ꣬а̳ԱСԱĿ꣬ǵľǣûĻʼϰ˵㣬ʼܹ
ǣ
ҺæһӺ¡ǰˡ


366 Ǳս
⳵ûӣͣȻ󿪳Ǹ˾ͳһͼݵǰ廷ĵͼǾѾʮݵ㣬ÿݵλ˰أֻҪÿԼصĵطûֹȥͿԱ֤ǵİȫ
ǽӹͼһ£ȻʮɫС㣬æָһģһʲô԰ĵͼ˵طֵˣλֵܱ
дҲѾñȽˣϵĶʶЩ˶֪ĵط
ȻҲֻ˵˵ЩݵʵһſģһֱߣǰҲûɶ
˶ʼԼľݵˣҲע⵽ʬȻҲǳϣҲ֪⻹ģȻѡһҺݵԱߵľݵ㣬ܽӽ
ѡþݵ㣬Ǹ˲˵λͰɣǶ廷ǾӴǵһߵսʿףǺˡ˵Ժ˸Ǿһ׼ľ
Ҳǻһ׼ľȻ³ˣ·ߣŷ֣طȻǸƫƧĵطԣһһٶˣ˵ط֪һʿ·һ·Ⱥ˵͸һĳȥ
ͳҲǵͷ뿪ˣգҪҲҪ͵Ŀĵذ˶
ЩѡݵȽϽ˶ʱЦĸ˵ȣЩһ͹ˣͳֻһԵģʲôط߹ȥһСʱ
Сһ򲻵ɣ߰ɣӣҾ͹˾绰ɳʱʬ֪ôߵԱߣǸش׳ЦǺǵĸԱߵ˵
ͷȻͳһ绰ʼ绰ˡ
ܿЩС˶ߵòˣش׳Աߵ߶ͣ
ҴţҵԱǺܳģ֪ǻҹȥݵӰǸʲôСգѾķǵúҰݰӣҸһ٣Сɫ׽ԲӣҲڣҪǷҵʵʱ粻֪ҿ˼Դˡ
Ʋһ۵ϻʵأӣһܳô˵ͳ
治ҴţƣҲ͵ʱӲ֪⻹йңȻ˴ȥˣ˵ͳˣ뵱ʲôʲôش׳ǲ·ͷʲôţƶҴ
ԱҲ߶ͣ޷ǾǼŮϣûʵ۵ʱǼƯ֮ģҺ¡
Ҳ˵ɶϾʬ͵ˣʱдЩˣ϶֪ǽʬû˸ȥҺ統ʱɵһΣһ١
ûþһɫǰָش׳ר
ôôٶȣʱĺѪҲϲϣϲش׳һ˵
ˣһǸ⣬ô͵һʬɵɶãȥʲôԱȥٸʲô붼һˣʬȥУץֲȥʰǡ
ˣܱЩ⳵ļһãҲֻﰲοһԼ
˴ʮǲŵҺľݵ㣬ȥͼϲ˵ʲô԰ҺһһͤΧӲݡ
ԭҺҸõģǸ԰һ棬û»ܴʲôģҺòˣط廷ôƫƧһطëӹ氡
Һ˳ǸҲԼˣŹߵͤ濪ʼ׼
ͤãֱŻи߰ףм仹иԲҸطһͳʣ磬զô
ëһƵĿһۣ˸£Ȼ󻹴ͳػȳԼһ˵£ʱйǹȥǣĻôǿ϶סġ
ȥܱܲô޳ܣһ˶ǲ궿ôҵ
Ϊ˭ô𣿡һģҶһ߹ȥϸ˼һ˵ķҡҡͷ
ôǹܲˣҪЩܽĻвС鷳ЩԽܣԽ鷳ԼıְòС
뵽⣬һԻڿлȳ磬Լı˹Щʼͤϰڷ
æҲݣһôôԽȥǷ󷨵ķˣǵԼ


367 Ǳսģ
ҽžẒ̌ͤһæȻҲҪȷʵ
æӣɰͤæԺѾͷˡ
æƨƨߵܵǰһ̹ȥЦеʣˣܶأ
ģ˵ǹˣҽⶫһӬҲɲԼ˯һͿˣɶˣˬ
ȻӣŪΪ˰ȵ˯ȥ
ý첢Ǻ䣬̫ͦģͤҲгʣԼ˸λ£ҵıͷԼͿʼ˯
ҲҸط˯ˡ
ҰɣͻȻͤһ죬ҶʱŵһӾΪЩʼأһȻش׳ش׳ֵ˹ʣſŪЩɶҲ̫ˡ
ҲݣŪķ󣡡ͻȻͤһ
󣿾⣿ش׳ҡҡͷӰͳԽ˵ǾЩ˸ղǸģҼͦ۵ģԼˡ
ΪԽͻŪķӣܣҪ㵥һľҪȥһۼֿ죬һס磬ˣƷôܴ𣿡
ԽֻΣյʱԮˣʱԽһӣܿϹģˣ˵ˣһȥˡ˵ش׳תƨƨߵˣֻںĶԽ
ô磿ҳԱߵʡ
ƨİ취ʱ°ɣ
ҵ˵ͷʱҲˣҲ׼˯ˣش׳ԽŪоһ£ԽĹʻ治һĴ廷С˶ϵ
ҴƵȥһЩС˾Ȼ⵱˳̨һһһﻹڹǺĳأһ衣
ʱúܿ죬û¾öԽЩС˳ƨ档
ܿľ͵ߵʮ֣ʱԽ˵Ҳʼ
ֻһᣬʮӷɿľ͹ȥˣ˵㵽ˡ
ͻȻϷԶһɫźŵɵա
磬Сĵ㣬ǿʼˡҳԱ߻ĵһ£˵ͷ
æͰѶԽƵתƵ˽֧ƵǱ߶ԽʱʱĻǹ
ڰ˵ʱͻȻһʣоҽŵµĵ涼˼¡
𣡡
ͻȻϷһҵĺ⣬͸ǱͻȻһһ
ƵҲȫʲôҲæƵת˻ҾͳԽ˵ֵǣСˣ
ԽҲû˻Ӧ
ͻȻϷȻҹҲܿһŨܵĺɫɷʼۼ
ͻȻԽ洫һ˵ץֵLصСע⣬йѾǷûаٹϵĹɷǰ̵аٻһ֣ȥķС룬ץֵ˸ϵ˵
ιιL׷ʲôˡŶԽǱߺôͻȻֹأҳֵֻһץֻȥֹģΪʲôڲֹ
ˣʲôסץֵˡʱҲһָſֲɷ˵Сģֲֻܿ
˵ҰһۣܸоǱ߱ǹɿֲĺ⣬ʵɷɢġ
ͻȻһֻͨĶӲݴ˳űķҪ壬æŽܹȥһ˸ɢ
ģԽԽĹϷĲݴ˳ʲôĹL˵û沢ûаٹϵЩЩǹ»ҰҲǸûУҺû
ʱԽҲһƬڣ޷Ǿ˵ЩΪʲôôֻĽɱ˶ٹˣ˴˭ɱĹࡣ
ȻڶһȺ˵ĹйɲõԤУԤоԴӴɷ
ӣɶأһֱûг֣һֱڳʳҷſѯʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ûʲôҾһֱֲõԤУоǸ
ȻϾǰ޳޳ֵȼģҲõĵģǸڲʬôǸǺ۽ʬǸش׳Ҳ࣬ҲǸۣȥܳɶ£İɡ簲ο
ҡͷҲǵ£±ǳ¡


368 Ǳս壩
ײ˵ǮŹϯģôƨ°ǹܽǣа취𣿡̯ʡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵аϼתôţƺģʱвͰʰˣ
Ѿǵزתأôȥʰ˵־ָӴɷ
㲻ҡҡͷ֪ǲǰʱõزϹôܸоԽԽı˵İοˡ
ҪǰĻ뷨ƾͺ࣬²ؼ߸߹𣬵ĪĹıЩ˵İο
ҡҡͷв
ͻȻϷȻһ죬ָоһ΢Ļζ
ŶԽִL廷СԱע⣬ڶѾӰ̵ܲˣСģ
˵ԺԽʹһһüͷڶ֣
Сģ
һڷ㶵ʱһƿңԭվǸλþȻһֻµŮŮһϮ£ָ׹׳ȫѪɫ
޼Ǭ跨æһҧԼָȻһƳǸؿȥһһƾʹŮؿڡ
ôľ룬緢ףŮҽһͤˤͤϱЩӲ档
ͻȻһǿҲԤд洫ǸģǶӲ洫ġ
ӱͳ֮ǰϹƸҵķ飬ʦҵķؼʱ̶ܾһϹƸҵ鲻֪Ҫ϶ٱ϶ҲаɷЧ
ҸհѷϣͻȻǸݴֻ
Բۣһֻ͹ˣһӳֻˡ
æŷ˹ȥڵϣҾ͸оɼϢϳһ˲䣬Ҿ͸оĵķ鷢һ΢ȣҺϳһɫķ⣬ʱЩŮֱͣӵľǵķȥ
æŶԽƵƵĻ˵ֻܹע⣬ĻֵСģ
һԽ廷ˣ޷Ǿܹȥ˶ͶһЩ޺Ѿ˳ˡ
Ҷʱ亹˳˵ģŷ飬Һȫ˺ѣ
ͻȻԽʹLֻѾʼˣĻ廷Ļȫ˵ʹ棬ǧֻʹע⣬һʹĻῪʼչʹЩ֮ʱԹʹΪѶҡ
Lǳ»ԣңץֵ淢ʲôˣΪʲôܳԸֻУʦû顣ҳLûйҶϣæԽ
Ǳ߳Ĭһ˵»ԣȷʵ߲ˣǴˣû뵽̹ձô޷ƵǰյĻڴձҪգץֵĴ󲿷Ѿ׷ȥˣµѹĴ󲿷ֻܳһС֣Գ鲻˹æ
ʦû£ȥ׷ˣҪҪʦĸķǶҪסֻסһʱͿˣѾϵĺ̫үǹæˣǸϵͿˣ
лҲʲôôˣʦû£ҵҲ˿
ǱѾûL
æתͷ˵磬˰ɣϽȥʹ
ָָΧ˵磬ңȥȵ˹춼ˡ
ݣӵҴһȥƨûС
Ҹ꣬ͻȻһɫľͿͤԱߣӳӺȫװľܵԱ˵λϽߣǽӵϼλġ
⡣
Һæ˿棬һ澹ȻѾʮСˣ԰׵ڵϣѾûϢ
ϵҲûǰдģһɫ࣬в˶ڽ䣬Ĳ
ҡҡͷȻСˣֱԹ̫ˣһʱû취ˡ
ϻһʱỴ̈ĳԱߵļһأһǸش׳ش׳ͷϵĳԱߵ˵ûнӻƲ
ϣһΪأԭûأòˣȺһ͸һһҲ档ش׳һҺϳͳ֣ҺһۣߵԱˡ
˵ʲôأͻȻһСļһվָŵһʬ˵ҵܱܵɱˣղǾ仰ʲô˼ҵܵܵʬǸ


369 Ǳս
СĳԱҲòƵĿ⿴ش׳ش׳ЦеĿվ˵ʣôţܵԼ²£Ȼȥ
˵꣬ش׳Ͼɢһʬĳ档
Ϊֻʬ˲ãҽʬҲ֪ץ٣ǳĸץʬĸ֣ҪһֱĬ˵ˣҲûɱʬİ취һָش׳˵ŻԼİͳһľֱָش׳
ˡһӾվ嵽ǸһԱһѶľ˵Ƕһսսѣܱܵɱֻȥʲôڧ
Ҳ̧ش״ļ˵ˣȻǶʲôϸսʿʼսѣսϣжĳޣǲܶԼսѶֵġ
ش׳ʼ磬ʬʱʧӰ١
ֻش׳һ˵˵ʱʱĻЦ
ŰСʱŵĿĵأʹţʱԭַǷĹʹѾû˿̣Ȼϣʮӣһ˵кܶġ
ʱųڵĹ㳡ϣһȫװ侯ȫڸֿվأκε˿ʹƲֹŰɣʹѾֹͨ˿ˡ
³ĵطǹ㳡ʱѾһٶС˵ˣжʮʬڵϣȫСˡ
ͻȻһУæܵСǰ𣺡һعʹţ
ݣֵˣأȫͷڹꣿͻȻ֮ǰش׳аǸС˾ʹ
УüʧܣôѾһ룬ķ֮Ҳ֮һĴѰҵôҪ𣿡
һʱͷһ
ѣѾôˣ
Ҳԣʱһٶֹֻ֣ʱһϢΧ
ʱԱߣҵļС˵սܻġ
Ҳɣ̧ͷǹӴɷ̾Ҳòȥǹһһٶˣ֪ܻ١
ͻȻͿԱߵʣ磬ֱӳֶԸֻ𣿡
üҡҡͷ˵УȻܴҲܲˣҺͱ񡣡
һֱش׳£ʲô˼ü񣺡Ϸ̫˻ǣ
ʬܳϵģҸʷǸعش׳ǧһʼʣ𣿡Цһ¡
ԴһըˣŤͷһԱ߻ںش׳ƨ磬ش׳һִ˵ӣ͸ִ˿һȻ֮ǰ֪ع󽫵֣һʼֻΪش׳ҲΪش׳ǸԱΪϷ̫
û뵽ش׳ݻʵ۲Ϸ̫Ǳɫݡ
ˣԼСĵǣؼʱһ־ǸӵģϾ׾ͽܡ˵ߵش׳Աߣش׳ļȻش׳˵һ仰ش׳ͺת뿪ˡ
ƨƨߵߵԱ˵ش׳ҲܴղŻҴձŮĸƯȻ˵ʲôʱԼȥʲôģ˵ԼʼһԵġ
룬ǱˣȻղźձAVŮŵʼʣ֪զ롣
ȻǸУ˵һѣ޷ǾһҪסʹ֮ģȻǽɢж
ڸô죿ֻһǹƶùҡԱߵǵ˵
û£з顣óǰ˻˵ֻҪ⣬İοǲõĵġ
ţҲԡ̾˿Ҳе㱯û뵽һôˡ
ҵ˵ͷֻˣСʵڰһǧֻ࣬ڶֻٶֻ࣬٣ȫƵøࡣ
ץⶫ˶еģͺñһٶ˹ƶǹһʰһ˾ˡ
Һ˼ʱͻȻ˴𣺡ˣǸʼˣ
æ̧ͷһ֮ǰһֱܻɵĹھȻԼٶȳʹķһһһ֮ھͻɵǰˣһӴѹҲϽ£ҶʱоΧĿŨʼ
Сģ˶׼ãͻȻ˴


370 Ǳսߣ
źɫɷܿͷɵǵϿա
ҲſźɫɷȻֱʮףɫɷϵΧһӿ浽ʲô
ɷɵϿյʱ˲䣬һٶźɫɷָ˳ÿŴа׵ֱô󣬳һٶֱӾ
һѾͰ˹סˣȻеǿŷ飬źɫɷҵϷʱ򣬷ҲǷһҵĹâһ˲ͻϣ档
źɫɷʱ򣬱һˮһˡ
æΧһʱЩСҲǸʩԸЩɫɷţֻԼİ취㿪Щɷš
һ˶ûܶЩ˱ɷŴ˲䣬ֱӻΪһŧˮֱ˿ĭԣҲ̫ˡ
һ˸սһ̧ͷǸɫɷţǸɷѾ嵽˹ʹǵġ
ݣǵڻҰ˭ܵס⣬ѹ˵Ȼܴˣһ뵽޳òҲǹȥ޳Ҳôͣ
ӣɶأϽһæѵ˵ҵ־Ҫܡ
ֹҺ磬ŵСԱһҲǾֵĿŹʹǸɫɷţҲ׼תܣû뵽㳡ΧȻһѵ侯ǹʵĳǡ
ʱ֮ǰ˵ǸУҲǹ߳ӵˣ͵ǹУ
ҲݣôȥȫıɱͻȻһ˺ҲҪ˵ģȥҲˣһߣܰôǷᣬɱ˲ɣ
˸˵꣬Աߵһ侯ֱӳǹֱӳԴһǹ
飡
һǹͷǹֱӵڵϣһ㷴ӦҲûˡ
ҲݣȺһˣԱСһ䣬æһ£С˵˵ñȺһͻͻˡ
˾ӵ³ҥԹƻˣ͵شڣС̽ʹǸ
УָŰеǸ
һ˵꣬ΧһȦ侯ҲϵĻǹţǹڶǣǲϵĻʹһ
Ⱥһԥģз飬˵ƽʱţһһףһĹһľͳ˻ˣëһϣ
˵֣ȵĳŹʹ˽ȥЩǹڵѹһҲǸСһ̵ںš
һʹ棬ʱ͸оԾˣ
˵طԽԽأǡǡ෴ҸоطȻԽԽˡ
ʹʵһصĵطǰҺʱʵѾע⵽ˣһ˵طӦǸһԵܸоΧɷԽԽ͡
̧ͷһȻʹǵɷ֮ȻԴԴϵڱǸɷգǸɷҲܿٶ
æԱߵʣڸô죿
ɫҲѿûƽʱģ˵֪ⶫǰϼԸܷǺް취
ҶʱҲ֪ȷˣ綼˵ˣϾǰϼת˵û취ˣǻû취ˡ
ҲǸ˺ܶСˣЩҲһ˹ʹʱ¾͸һͲ
ԣͻȻоΧһɷ֮ʼ㼯̧ͷһɷţǸûж
СģණˣҴһ¾˵ʮ˸Ͽվһ𣬲ҪɢСıһƣ
ЩԭվúܷɢҸպ꣬мһСĳԱϾֵĽ
һǸ˵Ľ¾Ȼһֻ˳ץסĽš
С˴ʱ֮һһ״һæˣȻûһҪǰæ
練ӦȽϿ죬æҧԼָֻһ״𣺡޼Ǭ跨˵ͳ˵Ľһȥ
һֱֻӱϣɵԱߣץһץԼֱˣֱ̱һƨ˵ϣġ
ҿûˣҲ˿
˶ΪûµʱͻȻ¾ʹһɷ˲ľͲסǸڵϵļһǸһ˲ͱһ߸ʬ
ݣ滹ණ˲϶ǸɵģǸɵģһ˹Ѿȫˣʹ滹й
ô찡һᣬҲʱһҺȻһɥĴ
ҡҡͷЩʵһĶղǸļһҲһֻЩһѾֻƵˣоԼƽʱΪıºôˡ
ݣѾҴţ˵ץëǹʲôµģŷŪ𣿡ǸһЩһҲǣƽʱţôһľľ͵ľͰǵľȫóɱЩ
ҲûִȻľȻз飬ǹôһŪңٿŷ鶼סңӽСĵĿΧ
ЩǹʹʱЩɱ̫͹Ů˺üĹԼСĵ㣡ͻȻʹ˽һ˵
磬ˣϽæЩ̫ˣҳ˵
üͷϵֻ˵ҾԸֻģ
ǸϽİǺ۽ʬŪ͸һ𣿡
ʧˡüͷ˵֮ǰһܴڣԹʹΪԴԴϵɷ֮ҽȻǴ򲻹ġ
ݡһ֮ǰô֡
Ҳ̬ȣü˵Ҹ˵һ񣬲ڿбˡ
˵һۣ۾˲䣬һɰʬϱ˳۾ҲӺɫѪɫ
𣡡ͷҲ¶˳
ǹӴʬ˲䱬ѹȸУ˿֮ǰֻʱ͡
оˡ
һţźɫɷžͳ˹ȥǸɫɷҲӿֳһֻӴֱۣѹ
ʬҲֱӭȥӴϢײһʱһǿ˱˳˵ನͰҴڵϡ
ɶײҲάһ룬ֱӾͱײõ˻ˤڵϣҲ³һȳɫѪҺ
ֶȻڹʹ֣¿鷳ˣ
ͻȻմһϵҿһͷȻǵķͳ˹ȻǺ̫ү


371 Ǳսˣ
̫үãһ̫үæ˵ҲһСġ
̫үֻǳ˵ͷȻЦеĳ˵û뵽ʬһӴװ
ʶƲһ۵ȥԣ
ϾϣһϾǡ̫үˬĴЦ
̫үһ˵꣬ͻһŨֱܵӳϹʹǸɷţҲǽ󣬿һβϴеʬɢֻײǰе£Լߡ
ֱӾͳǸɷţͻȻɷʹһͦʨӵĽ
ԭŨܵɷ˲ɢòټɷʧʱҾͿ̫ү˵˻ο֮ǰҪѿѺۣһɹɺɫȳѪҺ˳
̫үҲǱˤԱߣԴѾûΣһԴƨɻβ͡
̫үȻһֻβ
ʱڵϣ˶һʹģԭҸоһȥһ뿿ͱǹӴʬ˺üס
֮ǰʮСĳԱһȻҲֻʮˣҸղעȫ˺̫үˣȻûע⵽ʱ¾Ȼͣһֻֻ峯Ů̫װȻжʮֻ֮࣬ʮ˴ʱҲѾǿ಻ԣʱйҵΣա
ҺǾͺ̫ү̫ӴʬЩҲҿ
ͻȻֻĺУæ̧ͷһԭΧЩɷѾɢˣֱӾͿֻģ
ֻȻĶħ񣬻ڣûд·һڵĳԴĶͷһֻǣڷݣ˫Ѫ죬رˣرɢǹɰɷ֮ҹǿһ۶˸ս
ôһܽʹģѵӻס̫үסؿڣ
ҡͷû뵽һ˹ʹô˭뵽
ȥ
ͻȻϴһɳƵһӰǾͷ˹ٶ֮죬ŵҸͷӦ
Ҿ͸оһѱסңȻҾ͸оΧȻһһعһҴʱڵĵطȻҸղվĵطһٶס
֮ǰվĵطȻһףֱʮ׵Բδӣӵֻֻ΢΢ɿڴӵ档
磡
æҿһ£ãԱҲվź̫үҺھȻ׸׸
ʱҲæŶԸǣǻͷֱӳǻڷܶʮ˳ȥ
Ҳʮʱ䣬ͻһӰȥӰһȥ΢Ӱһȫһ߸ɿݵĸʬ
òˡ
ݣ
۾ˣҲ֪ôͻȻһУһóԼȻԼʹҧһڣѪֱӾʹ˳
һʱˣѾٻϼˣҳȥһȭͷϴȥһȭҸɵڵϣæȥ˺ҵ·Ĳ
ãѾĻûҧԼĶֻҧԼһЩѪܣӦûʲô⡣
ʣٻϼëðҲã
ʱϼ۽ʬˣ۽ʬ϶򲻹ֻ۽ʬ򲻹ֻϼܳʲôã
ѵͿ𣿡һƿң۾ҡ
ȥҲ֪ĸ񾭷ˣʲô񾭰ƽʱһ²ؼ߸߹ģͻȻ͸һСһ
ͻȻԱߵĺ̫ү̧ͷſ죬˵Ѿǳˡ
ʲô˼ŤͷʣͻȻҲ̧ͷգüͷˣ
̫ү˵ͷ
̫ү䣬Ҿ͸оԶգһӴĺƣɺٶȺܿ죬ûһ㸲ס˱ա
֮л˸ŵ⡣
겻Ѿ̶𣿡̫ү
˭
ӴĺƣҲɻ
ͻȻоԾЩǺƣ
ݣ
ʲô֣ɢȻܸǣ
ֻҲ̧ͷյĺƣһɳƵηʥ

շһһһɫ׵ֻ
ֻҲæԱһ㿪һ硣
ϵĺһ˹ʹɷ֮ĹȻͬ죬ٽһС
һɫľƳֻ


372 Ǳսţ
ƻδԱߵһץסҵļ򣺡ߣ
˵꣬ͻȻֱסҵ壬ֱӳʹȥæͷһã̫үҲסһġ
˺ܿͷɳ˹ʹǸշɵ֮ǰϵĹ㳡Ĺʹ㷢һ¡ľ졣
ҸվȾæͷһʱʹǲûгʲôǹɷ֮ȻѾʧˡ
⣬ˣҿ־Ŀǵƣ⵽ʲô֣
ǵǰʮԶĵط
һ֮󣬲۳һ£ʮӡ
Ӵһͷλȫ档
һɣģر˫۾ر
ߵ̫үǰһĮ˵þò̫ү
û뵽겻Ѿزˡ̫үһ̾죡
ֽг죿ҾȵĿ֣Ϊʲôû˵֣ô֣϶ʮֳҾȻû˵֡
׾һС鷳յҵҲú˽ˡ˵꣬˲ʧҵǰ
ʧԺ˿æ˵񣬰æһ£滹̫ˣæˡ
˵ͷŤͷ̫ү˵ȻˣǾһæɡ
ϹͷҲֻܸһЩЩС°æˡ̫ү˵ͷΪһֱӳķҵ˵ͷҲŶķȥ
Щȫ߹ˣųԱ߻ڷʣɶأϽȥæ
⡣һ˵
ɶŤͷʡ
ҪǿʵˣЩԽԽˣѾԼʵķΧˣҪڶʱǿԼʵˡһ˵
㣿Ʋһۣ˵ͷͻȻʹҲݣôôۣϽ120㰡
⸽ˣ120Ҳҿ˿ã㳡Χвٵ侯ڽ䱸ǶһСĵĿҺ磬Ƹղǿ˳죬̫үԼˣʧķʽͦ˵ġ
ͨ˻ᱻŵ
æܹȥ˸侯侯ʶģϾСĳԱǱģ֮ǰǶ˶վӦҲġ
侯ֱӽһȻԭһһȥģһȽ⣬ûиȥ
ľȻһߣæóԼĽҵһ侯ǿȥ
Щһ￪ĲһĿ죬ҲһСøͷDһ·ϵûʲô
ӹʹȻֻʮӣһ㳡µĳʱ˲ûйʹôأʱ㳡Ȼкܶڹ䡣
Ļ֮ǰϳֵǵƣֱӳ㳡һ£ôˣûôЩ
Ҳݣ
ͻȻӹ㳡һþȻܣһܻڴֹˣһŽͳǶȥ
ܵ棬æסһܵļһҾʣ浽׳ʲôˣ˵
һ￴ӦǸIDľӢŸС۾Ŷʮɣ˵һڱ׼ı񾭲ֹˣң
˵ʹһѣƵһߡ
Ҫ飬һһ٣ָС۾һŽ塣
ʱȺӿ
ԵģҸȥ˵ϳǶôЩôӰࣿ
Ⱥϰ壬ԱӰ֪࣬ͨ˻üӰࡣ
ʹƿЩˣҴЩӵͦˣԭʮ¥ֹˡ
Щ˶ϧһĶǴ¥ܣƶΪͻһܴӵ߰ɣæ嵽棬ʮ¥
ܿݾͣʮ¥ҵȵһҾ׼塣
һһɫʿֱӷ˽ֱӰײ˻ȥұײҵͷһ˲ʶ
ʮɣСӣæʣʲô
ʿɫɷף˵һֻСֵϿߣ
˵ľҪǹ˾壬æһץס˵ҲСˡ
Ǹʿͷһ˵ѣǸϽæ
˵ͳ˽ȥ
ҿǼһֳȥˣһﻹǾҵղɫˣȻҪϡ
æ˽ȥ
һȥͿ˾м澹ȻһֻƮϣʱ֮ǰɳǸʿĸŵ۵ĵʿÿ˶һֻȻĸĲסˡ


373 ǰΧսʮ
Ǹʮĵʿȥ͸ĸʿһֻ
ҲæŽæȻǱ⼸ʿúסȻҳȥýԴһҲֱӱûɢ
鲢ֻڱǵϳǣӦ˵ǶзɱԺҲææץ
еĽǿüľֱӿطҲǸˡ
ˣæһҲֻɱֻԼֶ֮Ĺ»Ұ
һȺСһֱæڶϰ˵㣬ŽƣȻϵ˾ӣþǻȥϢ
ǾֱӻصʼǸдһ˴жʮСģ϶Ըֵʱʶġ
һصдԼ˸䣬򵥵ϴ˸裬ͷ˯ˡ
֮ǰʱʵһûôϾڴ򣬿ǺİϿɾȫԼڳˡ
˯Ժģ͸оԱ˺˵̫ˣ񾭷Ӧܿ죬ֱӾһȻʦˡ
ʱ滹űʱʦǾӣأžԲ֮ġ
ʦ˵ˣѹˡһƣ֪˶ãһ˯ˣָҾæתƻ⣬ʦͷһۣЦһʣû°ɣ
ûû¡æҡͷͻȻ뵽òƻʲôϢʱæʣʦˣܽЩֶ𣿡
ô찡ʦóֻһ˵ˣСӹ˯ġ
Ҳһ˥ߵԱ˵һСˣֻһٶˣҶǻˣѾҹɵزӵֱֱ͹ˣʱѾˣǵЩʣµԩꡣ
ʣС˶ˣʱ˿ôˣ𾩳ʣµĹֿ϶ûˡ
ʦҲһƨҵԱ˵ˡ
գʦˣ㣬Ϊʲôں۽ʬܳô࣬Ǹӣ񣬻֮ǰɱǸ죬ô֡µʡ
Ҳ̫ˣʵһֱĽʬȺۻҪһЩǰһʵѾˣû뵽ձȺ˵֪ҵʲô취ȻܸҵõϢֱӴ̵ֹܲѾˡ
㲻Ϊʦĸųȥ𣿡ѯʵ
ʦҵԴһ˵һԭ򣬲ȻձȺһմձˣ槼ķѾõˣҲһϢɡ
һҲΪʦһ£ʦĸһֱΧʦʦһĽᡣ
ȻҺܲΪʲôʦôʦĸΪλʦĸֵʦĸӣʦȥҽİ취֮ǰһʲôġ
˻ӡʦͻȻʲôһ˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ҡҡͷˣʦΪץֵľֳγô飬϶æòˣôܵأҲû˰
ʽ֪ͨ»ԣʽΪץֵԤԱʼԣܹĻʽץ֣ʦһ
ɶץ֣
ʦʲôҺʵҲܼץ𣿡ҾȵĿʦ
ʦ˵ץʮˣ߸ˣѾȰˣԺһһӵģһʮԭûʸģνͲҺƤҪǿͨĻһУԼú׼ɡ
ʮLûҳʦʡ
ʦҡҡͷ˵Ǽһı¾Ǹ汳ģʦԶˣԵʱʦ˺棬ûɶ¡
Lʦ£ǰL˵ɽŵͽܣɽڵźһһ
ʦ˵һ䣬ͻȻֻæ˵Ȼ͹ҶˣҺ˵Ϣе飬һ¡
˵Ժʦųȥˡ
ں𣿡ҳԱߵʡ
˵ͷ˵ֹңڵֹ϶ѾˣܾѾʼЩϵϢˣھҲǸ·ˡ
ͷ۵ĻЩɱʲôģǷ꣬ȻС˶࣬ٶ࣬÷ˮҹ̫ˣʮˣڴ˶˵ֹܣЧʺ֪ܵͣôʲôʱ⡣
ҺúϢд滹һȺһֵܶܡ
ҴȥһţǶʮ˽˳ȥһȥҸ꣬ǶʮˣӾͿ
еΪʲôЩĸôãһϹս̵ĸоĲһоġ
Щһȵʮӣϵơƿˡ
ôصдҶѾǲˡ
ֻǵõڶʱͷ۵ܲˣļǶдȹģʮҲûȥץӵǣǶ˵ˡ
ЩˣҲô£Һ綼öˣ˹ƶǶϷӰˣϾ̫ˡ
ȻѾʣµĴǹ»Ұٲֵһע⣬ǻᶪԼС
ʱúܿ죬дҲǾõϢһץסһֻ֮ģֻĸطСԱˡ
Ϣʤ
ʱţץסĹҲԽԽ٣ҲԽԽˡ
ʱҲϣҲ֪ץֵʱܲĴ
̲֪ΪʲôձǱߵа̹üȻǰ̵ܲץסʮٹϵĹѾ͵ձȥˡ
ҲαҲûаٹϵĹҵԭ
ʱӺץֽʱȻǰձа̵ڸգʦʱ񶫲ţʦĸвʦȥ临յʽ
Ѿһʱץֵ˸պó˽ȥһպа̳Աʹ
˵ЩץֵĳԱ϶մˣɽһִ֣ɢĻǡ
ףԭʼǱǣǴЩСϺףҪֹո
񶫴һˣȻһȺ˾׷˳ȥЩ֮ǰͷųֻϵĹԼһȺȻǾǻƴ˺ܾãˡ


 ˻ع


374 м
ҲѾˣȻС˺ܶ࣬˻ˮѧĶСĳԱЩҲǸ̳
⼸ҲûпʦӰӣǴ嵹żһᣬ̫ãҲ޷ǾǷԸҺú׼֮ץֵĿԡ
˵οԵһʮȫСʣľӢʮа˸Ѿռã˸Щˡ
Ͼǰץֵޣеĸֶˣֻʣ
ҵõϢֻ֮оӵԭʦǾֳǸ־ֳоŵˮҺץֲ͸һô
û뵽һӱô٣ҴҲҺ˵ǲˮģȻˮˣԺִһЩѶȵûɣȥɶ
һϴһ£úõ׼
ҺҲ֪ĿɶʵҲ˽ʹ壬ǲ˵Һ˷չñȽǰ棬ҹؿˮҸץ
ɶĿһ漰Ŷԡ
ҺѼһս˱棬ȥдȺСĵһҲ֪ҺǿץȥһĶЦ˵һҪϣԺ֮ġ
ʵҲûеףҪ֪LıǰץҲǸ汳ģͷۡ
ץǱҲѾɳдſڽˣһɫİµϣɶҲûע⣬˾һʮĴ壬һ·û˵ľĽȥ
˴ŰСʱ̲סʣ壬ȥ￼أ
Ǵͷһۣû˵Ǽ˴һСʱڽһСɽһ˽ֻſͣ
ҿֻͦģֵĳ˾ʣǿôˣ
һŸ˵꣬һǹܾͶҵĶͷϣǸʮ˾һĿʣ˭ǽԵģ»ԣ裬׾˵ǰ̵Ĵ£ͽܣкӹ
ݣϵˡ
û뵽̵˾Ȼô󣬸Ұѳ棬µİӵĽҰ
ʱ˽˻Ҳˣﶼǹһǹ˵Ͻ³
ô죿СĳԱߵʣʼ磬Һǹţ˵ʲô취³
ֻС³³Ժ󣬴ֻ˾һóһҪֻԱʼǸ˾ǹ
ǰȥĻС϶Ƕˣ϶ûʵģһʱҳҪҵһȭͷԴȥ
治һѣƺ뷨һģҳȭ˲䣬ҲһȭͷϮһˡ
û뵽ҹ˾ȻɵĺһͶ㿪һȭ
ȥȻ񶷼ܲǿôھУѧô꣬һČ˿һƶû⡣
û뵽̵ôɵľͶ㿪ˡ
𶯣ڶҾͿǹˣͻȻǸǹ˾ʹ
ĻĻ·һڻƴһƴҲҪҵˣҳǸǹ˾˹ȥ
ʱҾǹҲףҺܿܵԱߣ°;һ¹ȭȥһﲻ֪ΪʲôҲǹǹֱԴ
һȭʵʵľʹ°ϣ˲䣬ҵĺ׸оʹһʹ۵Ҳֱιȥ
æʹҧҵ⣬ԭγԴͷϴľ˲̼˹
ͻȻҾ͸оһۣһһϥǵĺݣ۵һʣ޼ףƴʱƴĻԼȥݳˣһ뵽⣬Ҳִ̧֪ͷһĶͿҧ
һҲ۵ƺһֵʹĻҵĺ󱳣ҵ۾ҲԽԽģˣԽۣҵ͸ҧɿڡ
ˣС˵İô
ԺҧʱͻȻʹʦĺ
һȷʦæͷһʦʱʦ󻹸żˣһԱ磬Ѿ˰ڵϲܶˡ
ʦô£ԻָҧƶԼ簴ڵµһʡ


375 ʤĿ
ô£ǵһ飡ʦȻϿЦ˵Ȼ֪ҧķĸ˵ģǿǺϸˣԽһֵĿˡ
ǿԭʦ˵Ҳ˿ֻǿ飬ҲԼһСѵԺԲ̫űˣҺᾭ̫ˣôױƭˣʵʱӦȺʵݵġ
ˣɿɡʦָŻ˵Ժ˵ȥϢһ£翪ʼڶֿ顣
˵ʦҲֱӾ߽˽˻
Һæȥ翴Ǳˣһ߻һֵġ
ݣ˵֪һҡֵģҾ˵ݣô˵ҸɵǸǹأա
ǹ϶ûӵ߶ë
Ҿ˵ʱ֪ûӵ𣿡
һֱ߶Լһ˸󺺣Ҵһǹûӵġ
Ҿֵľߵ˽˻棬˽˻ͦģûʲôԱ浽ǾˣǾӵһܻذɣһ˴ߵдһȪķϢ
ʱѾʮˣʮ˶ֵģ޷ǾǽôɵЩԱģһöЩԱøɶһ
ҵΪǴţƣϾЩһμӼץֿĶ϶һ㣬Һ绹ǿʦĹϵģȻ϶ûʸ
ʮ˿ҺҲû⣬ҲûˣҺ·ԼһȪߵλþ
ȪŻͦģҺȴ
Ҳûٽˣⷿ滹滺֡
˴ŰСʱͻȻҶС˵е㲻Ծ
üͷһ壬ͷʣôˣ
Ȫ⡣˵ָָȪ棬ҵͷһûⰡˮͦ峺ġ
ûⰡС˵ҡҡͷ㿴Ȫש·
ҵͷֿǿüͷˣذש·ͺһһʲôҾͲˡ
ҸҪЩˣסҵ죬С˵ˣǿ飬ֲǰ̵󷨣ֲˣ̭˲Ǹã
һʱ˼˵ͷæԡһ㲻ۼȥˣȥԺҺҲ뿪䣬ǾȪԶĵط˸
ģҲע⵽һҲҺһ¶ۼܿ߸ˣҺһŸˣͻȻȪˮ͸лһһֱӰȪ˹
ʲôʲô£
Ȫ滹ʣ°˸ˣ˶ͻȻȪžʹˣʦһɫķ£Ÿī˽
ûɶ£ǰ˸̭ˡʦȡīȪ˵
ⲻƽ˵ϢٿʼôͰ̭ˣЩ˶
˵ĻҲţа̵ô죿а̵ǾͲǱ̭ˣǱȡʸˣǹ۲ûŸϸ۲쵽Ȫ·⣬ĻǾͲᱻ̭ˣϻ˵ǰ˸ȥ
˵Ժʦı߳ĸžװˣʦīֱŤͷ˳ȥ
ÿӵҲ̾Ҫ۲ϸҲѾ̭ˣʱое㱾µ
ǰ˸˴·ͳȥԺһ˳ǾŸ˵ǾλȥϢһ£ģϢúӭĿɡ
˵˾һƣȻʹͷǰȻǼ϶֮ǰǾʲôϢЩһĿĸоˣʤͲ֪ʲôʱС
˴ǵдһϢĵطһŵķ䣬ԭҺǰҪֿסģҺҪҪסһЩҲûзԡ
Щ˹Ҳ֪˶ĵɣǽһһסֻһһﵥסһ䡣
Һ䣬俴ͦͨģһŴһӣһӵĵһǵ飬⣬˰죬û鵽ʲô⡣
⡣˵ԺϴţȻһ£һ˯һСʱ


376 ֿ
Һ֮ǰʱΪһֵĿǼһһһڴϾͰ֮ǰ˵Ҫֵһɶ
˯ѵʱѾߵˣҲԱߴأǺúϢˣڶûгʲô⡣
£ҲԺ۾Һ˵һ˸Ƿ
ҲͦˣҺ紩·ƿ˳ȥſھȻţҲ࣬һȥͳſڵľʣǣĳԷأˡ
˶һۣȻһת뿪ûþһţ˻˵ǵ
ҺҲûɶģʳתص䣬ȻȥЩԵļһ£ȷûɶԺҺſ
ԺҺڴϢϰ˵ʱ򣬲˿ʼǵķţæţȻʦʦҿˣֱӾ˽
ʦˣ͸¶Ȼῼʲô𣿡ҵʦԺæʡ
ʦҡҡͷ˵Сӱ룬ֻˡ
ʦϽæָŴͻȻڴϵһĿʦüʣʦһμ˵ʲô
ʦһüͷ˵ôǰôǵá
һκҼʲô˵һӾʹӴСĵĿʦ
Ҷʱе㲻ԾҲʦٺһЦͻȻԭʦģˣʱģģȻͱһžװӣЦ˵Ǿֳͽܣϲֿͨˡ
ǿ飿üʣʲôʱеĻ
֮ǰȵţ̺ҩþû㱣еĻĿҺ˵ϲλˣȸˡ
ȵȡæסʣԵм֣ⶼֿˣʲôʱܽ
ûй̶ٴο飬ǾŸʲôʱֻ̭ʣʱԾͽˡ˵֮˳ȥ
뿪ԺҲߵԱߣֵʣ磬ô֪ղǼһģ
֪ƨһ˵ðˣ֮ǰֻ׾Žʱ뵽ĿԶǧٹֵģ˵һ԰ˣ׾ţҵһ仰˵ƾһŸˣ˵ʲô֮Ļá
ôȥһﻹǲףţ̺Ҳûʲô֪Һֵܼܲ
Һæ߳˷䣬ʱпʼҺһµ߳Ҳеһʧ˳
ڰ˵ʱ򣬽ųˣֱ̭ˣʣ°Һڵˡ
Ȼͱ˽˻һһĵط򳡵Χо۹ƣյøһ
ʱʦŸīһĮıվ򳡵м䣬ҲһĵվԱߡ
ʣߵʦ棬վһţʦɶҿϾŸīװأ忴Һ˽¶һοı飬˵ͷ
ҲЦһ£ô˵֮һ̭ļʣҺ绹Ǻĵġ
վûãʦͺ
֮ǰֿ飬һֿڶǿϸģֿ־Щ˹涨ģҲϲֿ飬ΪҪץ֣Ҫֻһ㣬ʵһжǳ
־΢ɻһ£Ҳ˲ˣҺȽϺãֱӾʶǸҪƳ͵ʶӲˡ
ֻˣ̭һˣҸղҲ˵ˣץֻҪʵ˵ʦ֣ɫĹţ˵ֻԩ꣬ҵȻֱӰǷųֻֻԩ꣬ԩǽץֵʸֻҪץסֱɱͿԻýץֵʸ񣬿ʼ
˵ʦֱӰɫĹһףɫĹ˲˷æı˽һֻԩ˹ȥ
ʦųļֻԩˣұˣֻԩ꣬ѡֻԩ겢ûҳȥýһȥֻԩֱӱûɢ
̫ˣһͷһҲˣɵץסԩ꣬ѹֱӴɢ


377 ͨ
沢û磬һ磬ʱںһ˴أûȥֻԩ꣬ǻ˴
ôһֱץһ룬羫ͨǷˮЩץĶ
˴˿ʮ꣬ץı²֪˶ٱҶҪܶ࣬ϾЩǿӲ±ԵģҺϹϵԡ
Һô˵ҲǾУҵģȻϲһһֱһڵϴ򣬸Ͳʩչ׻ᡣ
ԽԽã˱ŶԷȥڵϴ򣬸оƾС
磬ҧ䰡æڰæǴڲɣҪǺһܿ϶ΪҸоҧһ񼼡
ҿǸоҧǵԭ˴ùؾأʲôӿңϺƳȿȣûУôô
ʮ꣬ҲǸҪļһôһʱȨȨԣС˵õʲôа
ȨʦһǼһȨͿˡ
飬棬㻹˵㡣翴ǼһȨˣҲվʼNɪˡ
һȨʱһ˹ܿİ˳ȥ
ʱֻѡˣʦĿҺ磬ߵǰ˵裬»ԣǿʽΪץֵĳԱץܲȻϽص㣡
æվñֱʦ˵ɢ
ʱЦĸˣû뵽ļץˣˬԹϽһʡСԱԺгҶÿͿġ
ôôˬʱҾͳֻ˼˹ȥҪϢ
ɶ°ʡ˯һԺģҾ͸˵˵㣬ҸϢ²ɶ
¾˵˵͹ˣﻹ˯㲻ͷ˵
æ˵ұңҸҳ»Լץˣɣ
զȥģ׾ſţʱɻƨҿʵʵڿȥģˡ
ǱߵķҲѵõΪҸ˵˵ҼһӲͰԻ
ģ˰ҵü绰ϲѶ˵Ҿ͹Ҷϵ绰绰һ˱ϲѶأͻȻͿ˼ˣ룬Ǵ˹ȥ
ιӰô绰ˣڵ绰Ǳʡ
£Ϣˡ룬Ҳܸڸɶֻܸˡ
ڵ绰ͷ˵ʣģĹ٣ɳľֳҶУô͵ˡ
裬滰Ǽٻʡ
Ȼģѵ˵ٻǱ
Ĺ٣ĳַ˵൱ʡɡʵ˵
֪賶Ҳϣ㵱Ĺ٣ҲЩ׵Ķƭˣƽƽľͺˣھֹ˵ͦ۵ģҪϵСҲôЩﴦϵ˾͸˵취Ҫ뵱١
Ǳ߶֣ǰҶз˵ĻоܰͻȻر裬Ҿ˵裬Ҿͻʱ֪ǲ˵ٻˡ
СӣŻôʱǰҴ绰ع⣬ȥôˣҲ֪ûУа¾͹ˣǸʱɣԭ绰겻æǱ˵
Ҫôѣһǻа¾͹ˣҶʱͷ˵裬İɣҹܻʱϲ
СӣԼˣǵðʱԷˣҲһϰİɣҲɣҲãҵʱҲ̫á
ôˣæʡ
˸ˣйϵڻǮأͷڰæ˲ٵǮˣ˻ǲ㣬ͷҸӰǹǾ죬ôҲ˵ϵ㻰ɣ
ȰŰɣǹʱ򿴿ô¡ҶĸӰ첢̫࣬ĸײףϾô꣬˴ˡ
磬˴ˡҳԱҲŵ绰ţƵ˵
ʹ¡粻ͷ˵һ䣬ͻȻع񣬻ͷ𣺡ĸ˵ɵģ


378 
֪ƨóһͦйϵ˴ġҡҡͷ֪ƨ
ݣйϵнˣн𣿻ȥŪ˵תҪߣһס˵ɶ⼸죬ȥ˵ɡ
ԣҵһôȻҲͦˣϾڻȥһСԱǸСĳԱʲôãȻͨ˿ԣϾû
ҵдһϢ
ڶһ磬оװ߽ŵķ棬˵ϣ֣ץֻҪװ
ⶼ·ľװҺ绻֮󣬸оͦ˧ģо仰ԣһеĳôֻҪϾװ˧úܡ
Һ紩Ͼװ߳˷䣬ſڵ˾ʹдĺߣ˽һ칫һĵط
ʦҲǴһװڰ칫һͨҲѾڷˣʦԺ˵ͷվ˵аɣȻ˶ˣǾͰ°ɣվã
˸Ͻվһţվá
ʦóУΣߵǰĸ˴á
˾ʽСԱУΡʦ˵
ֵʣʦǲץ𣿸Ǿθɶ
ץȻǹҰȫֵϵͳڣʵھϵͳʦƲһۣȻ˵裬»ԣǿǿѡԼڵʡˡ
˵ʦͶһֽæץһȥ澹ȻĴʡУæ˵Ĵĸ缸
ʼ磬û˵ɶϽĸ˵ʵûʲô˼ʦ͵ͷ˵УӾ͹ϽĴʡС飬ӹСǡ
ʦжٹأæʡ
һһ򡣡ʦ˵
ȥôͣȥôֻôǮ
֪Ǯʦ߹ҵĽһ£ȻߵóźɫĿƬȻ󶪵ϣץֳԱĿƬȥκεطѣɵǮ
ɶôˬȥѣҲ𣿡æһſֵʡ
ȥҰ°㱨ʦͷ˵ˣˣȻҾͻǵϷطסץҪ͵ҪԼȨõ֪𣿡
ͻȻ˵ʦϵ˴ˣô죿
ô죿ҾȥͻͻǰʦôôͽܣǿίҳԸ𣿡
Թ˵ͷ˵ҪҪĴʡίҲϣ
㣬ӹȥû¶ؼҿôҲ֪ôʦһͰǳȥ
ҺһۣȻߣҲˡ
ҺҲдȥֱӾ˳ȥǵſڵʱſڵľ˾Ȼ˵λ׳費Ҫǻر
ҲԹطĽҰģҲ֪ʲôطȻһ˿ǻȥһ·׳׳ĽиͣҺҲˬġ
˱ҺֱҵһǾƵ꣬һźڿһӴ
ҺóԺúȵĹ˵ڿãɶҪǮֻҪ˵Ҫȥ
ŵʱҵĵ绰һİĵ绰绰ʣ˭
ãСǻǿһʮһһüʣǿ˭
Ĵʡίǣ˼̫æˣڲпո绰ϲˣΪôͳץֵĳԱǱߵĻǿЦǺǵ˵
ʡίǣԴһըˣȻҾ˵ץ־͸ʡһ󣬲ҲǿЦѣæ˵ãҲòܽץֵģǳԷ𣿡
Ǻǣһ˵ΪúüͣʱĴɶԷĻǿ
úáæ˵
Ȼλǿڵ绰Ҽ䣬ŹҶ˵绰æܵԱ߷ţ粻ͷĴʣҺίĵ绰أɶ°
ûɶղĴʡίǸҴ˸绰ѡҿŵ绰˵ǣе飬˵˰ҵʱһҪ͹죬ԶԣУǾ˵ˡ
Լίˣֵ磬˵ͷ˵԰ô֣
治֪ô˵ˣίǴ绰͸Ǵ绰һ̫ˡ
֪ĻΪ棬֪ģͱң֪һ̫ˡ
ʱһĹȥˣֻһʱǾͻոµľװ˴УľΡ
Ȼ񴩾װߣҺȥǳųģĹܵЩ˷ɻĵʱ򣬲ŵִ˻
ʱ䶼ںίĵ绰ггȣͱŵ绰еĴСԱ졣
ԭ֪·ɻʱ򣬿ӻĵطһ侯ھ䣬Һһ߳ȥһʮܾ꣬ɵ˹Һλãλͳ»ɣǵ飬Ǳߵλء
ί㣿һüͷæԱС˵˵ͷ˵԰
㡣̾˿ȻȻҲ̫ᴦϵֻϼʱŻӣһﾹȻίӣݡ
æǸǵ棬Щ侯棬һӣһȺűװأһҺһʮ꣬ͦݵˣһЦľ߹˵С谡㵽ˣǵ˺þð
Ǻãǳ»ԡ˵æǰ֣һЦ˵ããΪȻ˽ܵ飬
ӣԼλţȻسˡҿź滹иֹԱǺܲϲ͹ٳе˴򽻵Һ˵꣬Ǵ˸кת뿪
߳뷴ҲȱǮˣֱӴһس١
ڴʱҲŵ˳٣ص춼Ѿȫæͳ绰˹ȥ
˺ܾڲǱ߽˵绰Ǳ߻ֺģæʣ裬һˣǱ߸ɶأֺġ
𣬾Ǵ˴˺ܶ˶ӵſǮءǱ߽˵š
ɶӼɳҲͼװɣˣ
һҲ˵ǰǳһܳĻӣʱѧʱ˵ǸһģѧУû˸ǡ


379 
æ˸ʿŶݵķͱȥ
ʮҾ͸ϵҵ¥£ļҲСģʱǶ¥ַܶھء
ҿһ˾͸æȥʣʲôˣ
ӻˣͷңһȵ˵ԹԵģﲻ˵㵱ôһװˣǳϢˡ
Цˣ겻ǻؼʲôˣ֪ʵĵҲǱô
˶ˣӣǾ죬Ҳһ浽ģǻˡ͸˵
ԭģǰȻǻ죬֪ôĺһ쵼˹ϵȻҲҪزȻ򽨲巿
Ҫװǣ˽ԺͲǮȻȥ֣СĴһƱӣȻʨӴ󿪿ڣ˵ⱭӼʮ򣬳ȥĵǮҪʮ
ҲСôǮʱͲɣȻֱӾ˼Сһ٣ʱʹ˳ȥ
ҽԺҽ˺ܶǮ
ѾһǰˣԺҲȥҪǮ𷴵ĺڣǮſڶţһ˾ʹһ١
ڹˣֱӴʮСſڣǮ
˵ˣæ˵ллȻͳ¥ȥ
ߵ¥ʱ¥ֵŵæڵ¥
ҳȥһ¥ϣʮŰӣϻһֵĶڵϳֻ̣һͷʮ꣬Ÿӳ̣ŵ绰˵ʲô
ǣ˭ǰأȥ
һûȥһСŸָ˵Ʋһ˵ҹ
ӴǣͦקΪ˸پװ׾ΪˣŹӾͳҵԴ˹ҺôҲھУѧôõĸɵĶ㿪һһȭ°ʹȥ
һȭȥһļһһȭҸſˡ
һﱻҴſԺԼ°ݣֵǣСҲ磬ҳһ
ʮһĶŲվһһƦ±˲֪Сһ
Ұ㡣ǸŽļһƾǸɣŸߵǰƲҵľװһۣһСӣģСپװˣŪĴУΣΪӵǳԸɷ𣿡
ǲĲˣѣƱӵ˵ˣ㲻̫ҿһ
˼һ£Ųӿʣôţ㻹װӢۣ֪ⳤ컹һԷģǾ־ֳԷҲøӣϼ
û£꣬պҪգԷôʱһʮ򡣡ҿ
ʮ򣿡ɻĿҡ
ôһˣһ죿㣬˾Ƶ꣬˵ʮʮ򡣡
΢˼һ£һУ˵Ļҿɼס˹һ͵һ죬缸춼˰ϸˣ˾ƵѵľƲˡ
˵ԺֵĴ¥ˡ
ûӣҡҡͷѹڻǸ죬ֶʣɶô׵ıƭˡ
ҵԺ󣬲ߵҵſڣš
˵Ҷ˵ûǮٲӺˣ洫ĺ
壬ң»ԣšҸ˵ûãžʹˣҲʶСʱ򾭳ҺԵģȥԺǺٿˡ
û뵽οͷϵİͷѾܶˣϵҲˣҲ㲵úܣϻŰѲ˵
壬ûˣһˡͻȻͷһᣬݣ֪ʱͻˣҺǾƵ˰£üڼܿˡ
һңʱۿʪĪίһͱס˵ûðˣӻˣǽʰ뿪پǡ
ıСʱŶʮ꣬ҺȥֱߵʳʳʱСʱû֣Ժϲһ棬û뵽һ˲䣬ҶѾҲˡ
뿪ⳤپǵĸҲȥҼĵȻͳ绰ֱӸĴʡʡίǴ˹ȥ


380 ֢
ʡίǴ绰ԺҾļ˵û壬ȽȥɣϺúôһ£꣬㲻Ҳ𣿡
գֵʡ
־ߣʱɳҲš
裬һˡҳɳϵ˵ʱڰοһĸŮˣҲԱߣһǳӡ
ӻˣ̧ͷң¶ϲɫ˲ɫͱˣôžװģ
ҶʱˣΪǾ˴װᱻץء
ֻһӾվȵĿʣļӽȥˣ
ǵȻˡЦǺǵ˵ûˣûˡ
ȻҾһİο͸ͣ˱ȽϴͳһҰѾװˣ˵ǻʲôģҲ͸¶ڵĹǸֽ˰죬ֻܸ˵ǻִлŴľװ
˵ǲû߶Ǿｫ˯ˣ˯Ժʱ͸оڽң̧ͷһš
žͳ֣æʹ·˳ȥŴߵ̨
ͳţ𣿡
Цһ£ҡҡͷ˵һˣɶ̰һأȿȡ
˵žͿʣϼһϵİҽгɶ£
û£ָָˡ˵ȻʱһֱûôţϢԴͦģ֪ٵ顣
ҵ˵ͷ
֪ǵزתɣſʣҵͷ
оôǵزתĸоſ̨ķ羰ʡ
룬˵ͦˬİɣϴǧʬҪΪز֣һѾˣͦõġ
𣿡̾˿˵زȷǴȴ󱯣Щת϶ûô򵥣϶ûô
ŤͷʣûôôоӦкôŶ԰
ԣЩתĿĿ϶򵥣˵ֱӵ㣬ԺҪǵزҪ³ҪԼеǾۼô죿
üͷҡ
һûڣžͽ˵˵ȥԺʶڵزʶɣزǧʶʶᶨΪ⼸ļܸıز뷨𣿡
ʵǰҲû룬ôһᣬһص⡣
ˣ˵ˣ˵һ⡣ͻȻžȻ³Ѫæȥץסʣţôˣ
ԥƬ̣˵ҵ˸ΰڣҽ˵ֻܻˡ
ʲôҾȵĿţץס֣ģңǼٵģ
ӣ𼤶Ҷ߰ʮˣҲͻˣγʵģǲУ֪˻顣̾˿
ʲôʱʦɣڿƼô˵κأʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ɣԼȥ˯ɣվᡣ
ԼҲעԼ塣ҵǵĿһţҲ֪ôȥοţϾž϶Ҷ࣬ôҲҪȥο
һصϣҲǰ춼˯ţֱڶ̫ˣ˯˹ȥ

˯ԺѾˣҴһװóֻ˹ȥܿͽͨˣҺ䣬ȻһҪ˾Ƶꡣ
ҳһĸ˶ڿ濴أ⣬һĶĲɵģڵġ
ˣһҳЦʡ
ҵ˵ͷڼᣬϢᣬȻỻϺ·ͳǮ˿ֻǧֽˣȫ˳ݹȥȥõ·ɣһ˾ƵǣҰš
ӣҲûҷ˾ƵǼƵ꣬ⲻǮǮҲ̫ˣ·ô࣬ϽûȥҲǮġæҪǮݻ
ˣѣСĽַھӣжٽж١һ䣬ƽʱַھСʱҲͦչҵġ
⡣ǵ϶¶˳ɵģѵӵɣûµġ
ôһ˵ǲŵͷ߳ӣߵСŷ˾Ƶȥ
˾ƵɲǳɶǼңֻȻǼƵ߽꣬һģӭʣԤԼ𣿡
ûҰĴкڿҸǮ˷Ѿ˷ѡ


381 Ǹң
Ͻһӣ涼ǽַھӡ
壬롣

վſӭЩַھӣҲǴһոµװվſӭЩ͡
ˣǽˣʵ£ƽʱǽ壬˻ˣΪʲôأ
ʵǵӣĸĸ磬СʱͱˣȻǶǸ׶һĺá
ĿҲܶ࣬ʶģҲвʶģ˵ˣˣҲνǻԼǮ۵ġ
һʮǿˡ
ʱбͲŵˣҲϺˣҲֺǺ֡
һ̨ŻͲЦǺǵ˵ӭλĵա
̨µ˵ͷЩǾƵ氲ŵģû뵽ŵĲ˿ҲǸ֣˵ú˳ټϽǹ꣬оĲ
˻˵ʱ򣬴Ĵһͱ˸߿ˣ߽ʮһƦˡ
Щһû˼ģҲ֪ж䣬Űӽ±˲֪һ
⼸λߴ˰ɣգǡǸ˿Ϳǰʡ
ž
ǰֱһȥֵָ˵ݣǸһԷģôţߴ𣿡
һô˰ġ
ַܶھҲû˸Ҵ˵ƶϳ֪Ǹ죬鷳
ҿһεģæվ˵ˣģȳԷ
ָ̨һӣǸר˿˳ûȥԺʮҲ
æҡͷ˵һˣЩҼɡ
ôΣҵ°һ
ԡҵͷҾǿǣôһģúõĹңһͣװʲôģģԸνĴŰӣҪų棬ҲԶڼůůͺ͵ĺͼ˹һ꣬Ļ쵰˵ʲôֵҿϵģ
Ųҽ˰⼸Ʋ˸ˣһв
ԣһ£ǳΨһǼƵ꣬Ҫ£ҵʡˣϰָôŪأϾǻ죬ôЩǮ˱ȣ
Ҳ˲׹طʲôطһ£Щȥš
˵һƨϯУλʵһģԭҲģһȻίǣʲôĹƶ쵼һƶģѹ󣬻λȥˡ
ȻλԺҲû˵ɶȻ̨Ϳʼ˽ĿʲôСƷ֮ģȫ˾Ƶ갲ŵģôʱܰųôĿҲܲˡ
ڽĿеһʱͻȻǸ˳ȥһ£ȻһϲֱܽӰЩСƷ˽ȥ̨˵õӣһøߴһϲѶ
ݣɶJBϲѶղСƷǸӲסһӴ
Ǹǽ˵Ķӣˡ
ȥһӣϲѶֵĵ
˽˵һĻίǣǣǿǴæˣڰæ֮гȥʱգѵϲѶ𣿡
ͻȻžһװ˴ˣһϳˣǵ飬ȻʱڻЦǺǵĴһɫķ¾˽絹Ǵһɫװϲ졣
ӭǣǸЦǺǵ˵
Ҳͷİ˰֣ЦǺǵ̨ӹͲ˵ӵĸףգصһ¡
ҲȥóһɫĴӣһƿę́ƣǽӹԺȺһ£ͿƬһֱߵǰę́Ƶ˹ȥ˵Ҳòִ٣û׼ʲôö⡣
ʵǱ廹٣ƽཻȻǵýˡ
ҲǴסˣӹę́ƣȵʣǣ
ǻмٰҲЦеߵǰͳһֱûɶװκʲôģֱһֱֻݹȥ˵ϵʿ˵˸

ӣ𣿡ץס֣оеŵӣĺ˵Ȼǣ磬ǸӣȥɣȻ鰡
Сǵ˵ͷȻҾ˹Ťͷһı飬ɫ΢䣬߹λ΢΢üҲû˵ɶԱ˵С԰ĸֵͦİøСһ
ߣװɶе㲻һǹҲʲô˵Сֵܣôʲô𣿡
ֱĿ˵ΪҸǳ˳ĳųͿԲǮˣҪǣ϶øһ쵼쵼Ҳٵùһν飬㻹ΪҺɰ
һӾվҲüͷû˵Ȼ֪ǽΪ˳䳡棬϶֪ôһ¡
Сֵ᣿ǿҲеƽίǣôͷء
ʮ򣬸ϽǮȻˣɶҲ˵վֵ
룬ǶСİĴž˵һ飬һɫˣһӣָ˵թ֪𣿡
װ⣬ǮˣȻЩֵܿɲǳصģԲԣǺһ𣬶ʱȺ˳ͰӸΧ
Ǹǵæס˵ίǣǿɲ
ί˼ҹֻ͸ę́һ˹ΧˣʮǮͱˣݺݵص
üͷվĵǵЩļһﶼǲҪģǳųԣ˵˿Ͳˡ
үģһΪûأϵģ԰ɣ֪ʲôʱѾܵϻһվƿžȥҲû뵽ͻȻӺϮ
ӦʱѾһƿӸĵˣӦ֮ͷѾѪˣӵԺָӴ򣬳ӵġ
ǸңҲǲȻŭĴ


382 취
Ҵ򣡡ŻѪĶͷָʹ
һ꣬ʮŰӵĻҪϳ壬ͻȻĴžʹˣһ˽˽һͺڸʲô
æסʮˣȻߵǸߺҪ˵ʲôܵǰ˵ǣ˵ҲǣҲǰ绰ҪҴ绰һ֪ء
ǺҲŭѹһЦǺǵ˵ûɶ£ûɶ£ⳤĴڹúܲλȻ˸ڹ컯֮թҵĹûð
ǣⶼҵʧƽʱ̫æˣЩһܳˡ˵ͳһֻ˹ȥȻŵ绰Ǳ߾ʹ绰ǹֵһ
ȻæЦǣֵϾ͹ȺӸߡ
ʣ֮ǰ˵ĲԱǣбȰദ
ԭһνһ˵ʱü΢ԥһ£ǣҿ϶ദͨĹϵǹ죬˭йϵС
һɫʱˣ磬ɲǻһԷʮˮˣҪңӾͺͬھ
һ־͸һ⣬ֱӰ鵽ϣȻ˵ǣ
Ҳ⣬ʵҲԣܻ쵽ֱϽеίǣ϶Ǽˣ˵ԱĺҳôأϣúõĴ飬ʧ
ǡæͷ
˭ǳ»ԣͻȻſִһˬʵ̧ͷһʱһЦˡ
߽һʮ꣬΢ֵӣҲһʮ꣬һװӡ
ҿʶæЦǣӭٰ˵Ҿȥ֡
һǽЦ˵˭أϻƣ˰
ⲻģ˵۸ĴʡץֳԱָܲʮʣǼɣ
ϼҲ¿ˮ̵ĸоˣָŻǾ˭
Աʹһ£˵ˣĴʡʡίǡ
˵æЦǺǵʣǣǣ쵽ɶӣǻǳСط
С»֪ɣָ˵ǳٿ˽ܵ鰡λӢۣľͼץ֡
ץ֣ŤͷæЦǺǵ߹˵û뵽ǳٻܳλӢۡ
ˣٿˣ˵ô׼šһˬָŻڷ
룬磺С裬˵ôȽϺأ
Ҫ˵Ҿһ£˵͵ȥǹˣҾָʮŰӣ֪Ļȫȥɣ֪Ҹ㣬֪ļˡ
ˡҿ𣬶ʱҲ֪զˣȥо̫ˣȥΣһӾͻˣȻ˻ǻ˵㣬ǻһӵһɲ
ЦǺǵ֧Уȥֲꣿ
лǣлǡԭһңΪԼôأһǵĻмòͿͷˡ
ҺһۣҲ˵ͷ˵ģȥֲӻȥȻ϶֪顣
ܿһԾ˸ˣȻҾŻǺǺȾ죬Ͼ˼Ұôһæ
ȻæʵһСæҪӡ
ҲҽлĿģһӣҲǲһһûʲôǮҲֻǷ⡣
裬һһƨ
裬˺ܾҲ࣬λʻǲŻش𣬷ţͦĵģһҲ
ǰéɽŵģһ˵ͨˣéɽĴɣ˵ʡίǣǾĸ߹ټҲûЩ߹ٻÿͿġ
ȻλҲ֪ǰéɽš
һ𻶿Ĺֻ꣬ҿźȾƵӣصģŵİ֢ʲô취ܸκأ


383 ص
ĵλǾҹ뿪˳٣ҺҲǵ˸·ڣҺ绹˳ŵԺһĹ
һΪʲôץֵʡίҲãȻСǱھ棬ȴһϵƽʱСİæС˻ᰴԼԸ֡
񾩳Ǳսǿȣץֵ˾ͿǿЩ˳ֻǲæаʡίĴ٣ʡίҲץֵ˰æȻﲻ͵ÿǵ顣
ȻЩʡίǶԼʡץֳԱ
뿪ԺҺҲǼص˷˾ƵȾƣĿҲ½½뿪Ҽǵ뿪ˣһȺʮһƴơ
ҲǱˣԺģҲһɶһĺȾơ
ֱڶϣҲԺ˹֮һʱ䣬Ѿǵڶˣҿ˿ΧԼء
ԴҲ֪˶ٵľƣԴ۵Ҫݡ
ųȥҲûڼңģȥȥˣ˳ȥڶݵĽĵĹʱֵĵҲǱڷţкܶСһЩ̻òֺ
ΥĸоǰûйĸоΪ̫õԭɡ
ͻȻ뵽أҾͳǮڽֱһıںصķȥ
ߵֲԶʱͻȻϻһӰһѵţ
ɻһ£߽֣ӰͻȻͻعͷ񿴵һҸҪںأ˾Ȼֵһ߾ͿգۼûӰ
֣ҿȥıӰͷһ
˭ܣæ±ڣܵķ׷ȥ˰죬ȻûǸˣ˼һ
ܻĹأҶµıڣߵղվķ򣬾ȻүүĹʱصÿһذǰ涼㣬֣ģǸ˵˭ʲô
ﰵԼһʱӦ̫ˣҪǿһܹܿǸ˵˰Ҳ벻Ȼֻҡҡͷ
űذһ飬Ȼó𣬸ÿĹһ㡣
Ժصϣڽһˮŵļȥߵŵļſţܿžʹš
Ž쵹Ǵһĺ죬ϲ죬ЦǺǵ˵ˣᣬʦʦĸܿ͵ˡ
ʦʦĸɻһ£ʱˣʦǹŹأЦѹ촩ô
ɶʱˡЦеģҲ
߽ȥһ羹ȻѾˣɳϿأŽȥԺҲкңԼߵһϣԼëʺͰֽʼ֡
ĵߵԱʣϣ㻹ְ
ӦҲû¡ͷҲ̧֣ҿһ£Сʣˣ׼ʲôʱʦ
ɣ˵Ļ͸˵ĻȥȻ֪ˡŵǺܵƨ㲻˵Լ˵˰ɣ
ɡž͸˸һƽʱڼǵɵģ֪ǹԭʲôʱҵĸо͸һŰͷһ
ˣؿһֵļһҽžͰǿǸ˵˳
˵ͦںɳϿӵˣ˵ĸһϴˣ˰㣬˲ŷӦָߴˣΣˣⲻô
ҲϴԼصλáһͷһۣʣϼһ˵˵ô£
֪ż˵ȻͲˡ
Ա˵һѣҲûңֻǵͷд֣ҸоģܵԱ߿ˡ
ҲСƷʲôģоҲûɶ˼ʱͻȻž
ʦˣ
ƽʱſ϶ʦˣܵſڣš
ſվˣϻһѵĶ
վмľʦʦһɫװؾʦߵľʦĸʦĸһɫۣͷƯվʦұߵһŰɫ޷Ůӡ
ʦĸҪƯ֣ŵױ
ʦʦĸװƣǣ鷨ءæָ棬ʦʦĸ


384 ƾ
ʦԺʦЦǺǵǼӵߵд鷨ǰǰ˻˵ϼһҸɶѼŶԲ
ŵ̧ͷǴһֵۣͷд鷨˵ǮɶĶ˶岻ãȿȡ
˵žͿ
ӴǣϼһѲɻ뵱У㰮ԲԣϱùȥԼԡʦͷ˵һ£ʦĸ߹ӹǼӶǵ輸Ϸˡ
ӣӣǽһ£Ҳϱ槼ǽ槼ʦĸˡʦһ˷ܵ§槼ʦĸ˵ĸǽ
ҵ˵ͷе槼ʦĸá
ʦĸáҲæվ
ʦĸҲһʱʦһ٣ʦĸһ϶ǵģȻСһռƽദ
ӣӣõѹǮȥʦ˵žʹڴͳæӹԣôоǿյģҴһɶûС
ʦǮأæʡ
ݣ˵˵Ǯ𣿡ʦ˵ˣҪӷˮܽץ͵ץ־Ǹɡ
治ҪȻʱԻķˮһЩҲҺŬĽ
ǣһǰʦ˵˵ϽĴ·ǳȥԷȥ
ҿʦϲģֿһԱǵţһ£ǿ˵ʦ
ϼһôˣʦɻʡ
ʱվ˵Լ˵ɣСţҵ˰ֻ֢аͷˡ
ģЦɶʦüͷŵļ˵ôãǱģ߰ʮء
СţġŸЦһ£һôˣˣȥˡ
ƨʦôð֢أôãҲš
㲻ʶ޳ˣ˵
ʦʱվԭסˣɫҲʣģ
ƽʱЦ𣿡ŷʡ
ʦ˿˵İɣҲôġ˵תҪߣһѾץסֱʣɶ
ӣӣµظǱʦһƿš
ӣסʦǴɣ鲻űƿԺʹ
һæȥʦǰ棬ʦüʣô뿴𣿡
ʦ嶯ܻҵ취ģҪظǼҲæȰ
˵öԣҽˣԵġʦ˵ͳֻҪ绰
ס֣ͻȻŲ֪ʲôʱͳһذףԼĲϣСţϽס֣ȻǰȥҲûˡ
ʦͷһü𣺡ϼһɵ
Ҿַ֪ӦҲ֪ģҪģáȰ
ʱҲվһߣ˵ʦ侲㣬á
УǶţƣϼһԼȥɣ˵ʦ˳ȥ
槼Ͻ׷ȥµظ槼ʦĸ槼ʦĸæ˵ͷ׷˳ȥ
ʦĸʱҲߵԱߣĵ˵ͷɵ׾ǼһʲôҶ벻취϶嵽ظȥġ
֪̾˿ҡͷ˵춨˲ģСô벻ͨأ
ˣţԼúϢᣬҳȥʦҴʱҲЩʦ˵һ䣬תҲ˳ȥ
ҿɱΪ嵽ظһͨǺܼ򵥵飬ˣѭһһ
μո˻ɽкӵǳϣ񽫣ѻɽΪƽأЩˣͶ̥תĻᶼûУջָɽѹꡣ
һ֮ĶȻμǹ£ڿʵУʦĳ嵽ظȥ˵ܴܲʮǴ۸һʦԺһ٣ᡣ
ܳȥԺ󵽴˰죬ڵҵһο˼ǸҵʦʱʦһڵϣԱ߻һơƣһĺƾأ槼ʦĸҲֻԱߵǵĿʦĸҲû˵
ߵʦԱ£Ҳһƿƣһʣһ˺ƾƸɶʦ


385 
㲻ʦѾƿˣȦҲе죬˵еˣ˵ͷҾ˶ĥ֪ͻȻ֪˾֢ؼǣоİ취ȴȥָоı
춨ţˡվһԵ槼ʦĸȰ
ս㣬Ȼɣһ˾һʦֹһھơ
槼ʦĸ˵ͷת߳ӡ
ҾȰʦ˻ûأ˵ˣʱɹҲһ𣿵ȥǿһ档
㶮ƨʦȦ̧ĨĨ۽ǵˮĿʦ⣬ͷǶõˣҵ磬ӰӶûʦҴʦʮ߰ʱʧֻŹңˣ㣬ѵ᲻𣿡
ҪʱҹҲġ˼ĵ˵ͷҾ˵ų飬ҲһģŻûأȺúõ취ٹ£ʵҲ취Ǿһ𴳵ظʲôģŲ
ͽܡʦҵļơƿȦģʱʱĻ鴤£ȷĵ˼㡣
ʦļǰһʲôҲ֪֪϶һ㣬Ҳ֪οȥҲ˿ûЧת߳ӣЩһЦڹꡣ
ΪŵɣһʯͷһЦȴЦǰҺСʱ򣬴ȥ͵Ѹϴ裬ȥũ͵ӣȥũҰץ㡭
һ鶼Ժ︡˳̾˿žԲ
߻żʱŻд鷨أ͸ղʲôҲûзλʦĸڳҲ֣Էô֮ġ
Ȼʦĸǲֵ̫һģͷ϶Է䣬ûˣȻһʦĸǺ۽ʬһҪǴˣû˸ȥܡ
绹ûûεڿǳţһ֪ǲжһرĶ
ͻȻҵֻҵͷһȻһİĺ룬ҽ绰ʣ˭
ǰ޳洫һɳƵȻǰ޳üʣأܸҴ绰
ʦӵ绰ǹԪ顣޳ڵ绰ͷ˵
æԱߵ磬Ͻʦ޳绰ˡ
ɣ޳绰ֵվһѾͶҵֻ޳ǰɣʲôǰ޳һүأԶԣ˲̫˵еĵطҰ
ˣһƿ磬ص绰һ绰Ѿˡ
㶺˰˵ǰ޳ˣûôˡ
ͻȻһʹӵð˳һɫߴӰȻվ󣬰޳
һ޳һƾͰڵϡ
˭ңֵı͵ϮԴ
͵޳¸µЦ̶ܴ
Ҳݣүôˡһǰ޳ɫ䣬æ˵ղҲ˵أи͵Ϯ˾ˣүᣬᡣ
ˣѵöǣ׾Ź޳Ⱦɳϡ
æƨƨߵ˳ȥʦˣֻƲ˰޳һۣû˵λʦĸһ£ǰ޳Ҳֱתص˳ˡ
үôˣֱȥʦﲻôԱ£оѹģʡ
޳ڻش𣺡׾Ǽһﵱͻˣ϶ûأҲ
ûʦʹ˽ʦҲãֱӴֵߵ޳Աʣ˵ɣɶ£
ûɶ£ֻǸߡ޳ش
ͷʦüʣֱ˵ɣô£
һز޳ڵ㸺ǵظ˼ҵŵزµķ飬ǾͰʮ꣡
زµķ飿üʣ޳˵ͷһۣȻͳʦʣô
ʮꡣʦԥ˵ֱ㡣
У޳վҡͷ˵Ҫǹ˼ʵ½ô࣬Ҳòˣʮ궼ǵزڵظķʮĿࡣ
ʦü˼̾˿˵ɽ˵ɣǷʲôӣǸôǸ


386 ŷ
޳ƣҾͿһɫСƣʱʱʱŻƹ⣬޳̧ͷʣ˭Ͼʹŵزķ飡
ǰɣôɣüʡ
޳˵ͷش˵ֻҪһزµķͻֻᷢɫĹâ˭з飿ȫó
룬ˣϹƸһŷ鰡ôɰæȡݹȥʣǲ
޳ͷһϲɫĿ˵Ȼǵزתڤڤ֮춨Ȼõˡ
ʦ߹ùеķ飬ݸ޳˵Ͻʮˣŷ͵Ѻˣһ취Ҹġ
޳Щˣҡҡͷ˵ˣŷڵزתаɣ߻ʮġ
˵Ժ޳ͺҪߣæ˵үʲôãزû˵Ǹʲôõģ
ɱҰүҵģͽҰ޳ͺˡ޳æ˵ŷľҲǺزµĵز˵ŷȵظڵĽѡ
Һʣܸܲڵظ׳ʲô飿һֱ˵ظңǵزѹЩܳʮڣѹסĲŶԡ
޳˼Ƭֿ̣һʦŵͷ˵ȷûô򵥣ظԹһصĿռ䣬ᵽظȻֻأֻ̨Ҳʼеġ
ĸԴֻֻ̨أЩڵظǻͶ̥תԴЩԺǷ˺ܶظޣ統ֻҵޣǲ²еЩħǵظԭ
ԭɻʡ
ˣ˵ˣǾҵŷ飬ǵظȻڻûʲô£޳˵⣬Ȼе̾˿
ôʡ
ʦһԾ˵ǸовظڵĶ˰ɣ
š޳˵ͷ̾˵תǰʱҲ̽˶ء
ʲôҾתȻ˴ˣ
ʮıȻûʶǰ޳ʵˣ˵ʮıˡ
޳ЦЦָʦ˵ûʲôþȵģʮʦܴأֻת˵˵Ĳеǿߣǿ־ĵط
ҾȵĿԱߵʦʦҲǸЦ£Ҿʣʦô
ʦҵԴһ˵Ϲ룬޳˵ģʲôʮһһǺǵıһģ֪ʦжţ˰ɡ
֪ţơҰʦһۣȻô˵ﻹǺ𺳵ģϾʦվԱ߾͸ͨһеʣͻȻ֪ܴӮʮôˣﲻȲŹˡ
ϰףҪʮԼıĿɥҲ˶˰ɣʦЦеĿŰ޳ʡ
޳æҡͷ˵̸Ǵ治ģСţղЩǹ£˽»㾡ҵŷ飬ȻظĻΣա
ԭЦеʦ΢΢üŰ޳ʣ㶼ô˵ˣҿ϶ᾡæģǵظĵزˣ
š޳˵ͷżᴫһֵֻŭ𣬹ǺõظĺܶŵûǺҲļ¡
˵Ű޳Ҳ̾ҡҡͷ˵ҪǵزͻȻתҲʧôе֡ʦʮϣزԴѹʮһҪͻȻ͵ϮزͻȻתҪǵظͻȻо䣬ƵزʣµǶǻǹѺţⶼɻ
𣿡ҾȵʣЩƽʱӴҲֻʦ̸в֪
޳Ҳɫһ˵ʮô˵Ҳڵ̷ģزǷ̵֮ʹڣֲ˭ϣظܶȹһνѰɣȻֻǵظ˼Ͷ̥Ҳģ鲢ֻǵظĽѣ˼һѡ
Ҷˣİɡʦ̾˿ҵԴͻȻ˵»ͽܣصزĻ˺Ƥ
޳üͷû˵ʦЦһҲ˰ɣŷǵزµģ˵ǵеʲôЧȵظѲ³ŷ飬ǻѵزĶ԰ɣ


387 ͻȻҸ
û޳˵ͷȰ˵׾㲻پڶŮСˣ͸ʦǼһ㲻ҲΪ´һ𷴿ʦھͲΪ˵ظ˼磬ó»𣿡
ʦҸмĿʦһۣʦһۣЦһ£ĳ޳˵ܣʦǼ⣬ͽ鲻УظǸҲǷǵõزܶԸʱһ취ġ
ʦҼæ˵ʦҵŷ˵ɣҪҪ˵̫˰ɣ
޳һæͷ˵Զԣ»úÿһ£¹ش󣬲ǵزת϶Ϊ²ġ
ˣϰףϽ߰ɣԼùءʦ˰֣޳ŵ˵ͷʧˡ
Ȱ޳һߣֱӾͳ嵽Աߣҵļһ˵ˣ㲻ѧǵزʲôаɣɵˡ
ɵһûءҰһۣҸղ˵ҲֻȨ֮ƣһΪ˱ԼС飬ҵȷͦ˽ģ鲻ֻң˿϶Ҳһʲô²ǹƨҹˣɶûУҲû˻ǵҡ
˿귢黹治һĶ࣬ͻȻʮ꣬Ǽϲ£ٹʮ꣬취پˣѾһˣһж
˵鶼ͦģʦʦĸһܳŪȥˣŵ绰Ǹû׷ϱ绰ҿһ٣ǣΪ˸ϱôһ˵û˵ȹȥԷʲôġ
ҾؿˣһȽصģŮ˾͵ðֵַģʱúţĵʱҪοţ˸˵ʱҪŸˣ˵£Ժǽ˶޹ϣǮʲôĶŮĹţŶû˼òģԺӶøŮա
һں˼أͻȻֻҵͷһ㣡
æŵ绰̨ܵ绰˵ι㰡𣿳Է𣿡
û¾Ͳܸ绰ˣǱ
Ҵ绰Ҹ˰Ц˵
ӣֹͻȻڵ绰ͷЦ˵Ҿ˵ţҲǣһ֡
ˣӣǲɶˣͻȻڵ绰Ǳʡ
ɻһ£æûɶңҾ˵ɶ£
ǲ׷ңͻȻڵ绰Ǳʣŵûһֻڵˣæ˵ҲҲҡ
үģɣˣǱһ䣬æ˵Ұǻô椣˭׷㰡
˵˾˻ˣ˵Ҫ׷ˣôأǱʡ
ˣôͻȻôˣȻҶⷽ治̫ѧҵôãû̸Ҳɵ㶼ô˵ˣҾ˵ĻǼٵģ
Ȼġ
Ҿͺԥ˵һˣҸо˵飬ϱһҾ͵öãϱʱҵú壬ϱĵʱҪοϱ˵ʱҪŸˣϱ˵İϱЩˣ˵Ŵ壬û˼ϱԼҪܵģǳԿģ㣬˵Բ
ţ˵ûȽϲЦ˵ӣզ̸ɡ
ɶ㣬ǲе̫ˡԴˢһ¾ͿհôͻȻ˸һ
ˣ㷴ʡ
첻죬úúáæʶ˵á
Űɡڵ绰Ǳ˵
ֵʣɶţ
Ҿżſڡһ˵꣬æѵ绰һ嵽ſڣһţȻǴһɫ޷ųﻹŸ䣬һҴţͱסҡ
Ҿ͸оŵһˮζɶ֪ˣԴоֱӶ·ˣһƬհһ
ͻȻҵķҶС˵׾ŸղŴ绰鶼ˣǲΪǰͺϾǽ飬ǰ飬ͻȻ֣ٲϧ˵ͻʧȥ㣬͸ʧȥǾһҲǰһη
ұһᣬҲıס˷㣬̾˿ı˵ôͻȻôأԭС˵û£û£ҲᵱʲôزģҾҳ»ԣʲôǾǵزҲСٻǺ˼


388 
ȻҲżң˿ĵľһԷΪŵԪ˰ɣ˵鶼رãоԷ㡣
극ԺҲĵˣʱҲͦˣ룬Ҳ˵ҵˣȻڳǵģҲһֱ
ԷʱҲʦĹҺԺøɶʦҲǴŵ˵һ¡
ʵҺĹͦ򵥵ģ͵棬ԼϽĵطˣȻСȥˣСҪǽ˾Լֽ
ʱ䲢ûй涨Ǹøɶܵ⵽涼УֻҪµʱʱϻˡ
ǳԺ˾ˣʦǴλʦĸڽʦ˵ҲҪʼ¹ȥŷˣϾӦ˼ҵ
ҲڳԷʱʹʦ̵⡣
̵֮ܲ󣬰̵Ĵ󲿷˶ѾձȥˣֻٲֵĵͼԱûбߣЩҲƲʲôˣڰһߣйа̻϶СģģѾвˡ
̵ǰٹϵʮֻʦͷ۵⣬Ȼ̵֪ʲôռһٶֻǷô飬϶һ㡣
Һͷ㣬絽ԺѾˣɫҲѾ
ӣһ£Ͳһˡһվɫæ˵Ҫߡ
һо֪ҪȥǸ꣬һŮϡ
һߣҲֻʣҺͷˣҿ۷㣬оͦεģڵʱоãһ߾͸оˡ
ɶȥ㶼ҾܾĻᣬҵҾű̳ߡ
ץֵĺڿҲҪǮҪǮһûһᣬʮ·Щ·ûһ۸ǧģҶʱ˲ˮҼץ֣ȻǵǮ·ġ
ơ
ϰ˵㣬һ·˫úܣͻȻֻҵͷһҲɺɺ
æס绰Աߵķ˵㣬ȥϸ
˵Ҿܽţæ绰Ҿʣ㣬ɶ°
С˵һˣϽң쵰ƭǸȥԼһˣҳ٣УٻСǱߵɺɺЦģܺõӡ
Ҷʱò˲̵ʱˣСѾͷҲǲҰȥǱ֪Թ㷲أʱС氡
СѾͷûʱ䣬ɣʱаɣҡͷ˵
УɺɺǱģھҪС˵һأ㾹Ȼܾ
ȥϲİ㣬ҶмҵˡЦǺǵ˵
ɺɺǱ֣˻զΣ
ǰŮˡæ˵ڸ˵͵˵ȻȷǸ׳գҲڰ׳յɺɺ˼Ѿзˣǲȥۻݵˡ
ɺɺҵĻ󣬾ȻǱ߳Ĭ˰죬˺ܾãͻȻЦ˵׳գŮ˹ʲô£òǳΪ׷ɣޣ»ԣ˵ҹ
ཡ
ɺɺֱӾǱ߹Ҷ˵绰ҿŵ绰Ƭֻ̣߳ͷϷأ뻹ǳ已˵㣬е飬ˣҸ绰ɡ
ɶȥͷһۣĺ˽ңһһЦһ˵ȥɡ
лл㡣ҵ˵ͷ񱼳̳ͳ绰͸ɺɺ˹ȥմͨǱ߾͹ҶˣŴΣŽͨˡ
˵ʲô£ɺɺڿһ
ûɶأ㲻ԻҹԻЦ˵
뱾СԷ˴ڣԼŶȥɺɺеʵӣæЦУŶ˰ɣǴС㣬ŶҲø˵ַҹŶӰɡ
ѧУǸݡ˵ɺɺ͹Ҷ˵绰
æ˸⳵ѧУȥ
ʮӾ͸ϵѧУſڣæܵǸݣ⻹ͦõģͦģһ£ŷɺɺһλóԻء
ѾͷҲ湻ݵģȫǵ⣬Цʣô಻³֣
Щȫҵģ־ͳֲ֣ûҪɺɺһѩ׵޷һţп㣬ʱͷʹĳأ³Բһ
Цһ£Ա˵Ƭ
ɺɺûңֻǵͷʹٳԣҲԼȦģտ޹һ
̾˿ǰǵزҲҪôõҳ»ҪǮûǮҲ˧ܵõһѾˣɺɺҲ飬زǰ˶ٺ°ⱲôõôõŮӡ
ɺɺӣֽ˲Լ죬̧ͷ˫۾ֱĿңҲ˵ҵʣôл
ûҾ룬˵ʲôõģôϲأɺɺһ˵
ˣҸЦһɺɺɵĵ˵ͷ˵ʲôҳϵģ°
ǰҲأ˵ɺɺôƯ׷ֶ࣬ñ˧Ҳһѣ˵ôϲأҷʡ
ô֪ɺɺͻȻ˵Ϊɡ
棿
ɺɺ˵ͷ˵ţЩ׷ҵļһﲻǿƯﱳãȻĻ׷ңֻ㣬Ȼò˧һɵģҲãǸС죬ûҰְҹϣҳҩҲûг֮ΣԸ磬Ǹˡ
˿ҿɲҪ⡣ҡҡͷƽʱû֣û뵽ɺɺôһ˵һʱһ
ʵҲֻǺͨ˾һѣҺڵͨ˾һ϶Ҳúǲࡣ
ãô㣬ҲûɶõģԼúһ˹ɡҳɺɺ˵
ɺɺһƲ˵㻹ΪҪһϵֲɵҲŲô̸أϱǽŰɣ
Ҳ⣬ϱ鲻ҾͲ֪ˡô˵һ뷲ǱֶΣҺ󱳵亹Ҳ˲٣
ǾУҪϱǽǣô˵˹ɺɺЦҿѾͷЦҲĪߵԱԴ˵ǲһˣģԣĲҪһ𡣡
һģѲ㻹ˣǹꣿǲ˼Ҳӣ˵֡ɺɺƤ˵
һ£ҡҡͷɣû¶ԣȥúְְֻ֣֪ģҲһˣôˣöˣᣬܸӵġ


389 ޼
ɺɺԵʮ࣬Ȼͻؼң¡
ߵϣŴϵûʲôˣҲǣģҲûɶ˳֡
ó绰ͷһֻ˵绰ͻȻͿСֵĵ绰һҲǺܾûϵˣ̾˿Ǹ˹ȥ
绰ܿͽͨˣ绰ǱǸŮĽӵģ˭Ϲʲô
ǣҾ˵ŶŶСֵĴѧͬѧһµ绰ɡ
Ϲһһ绰㡣绰ǱߵŮĽһ£Ȼ绰Ǳ߾ʹСֵӣôҴ绰أ
û£أĻ᣿˵æ˵Ļˡ
û£ϱԷأû£ڹǣأСǱʡ
ҵͷ˵ڴѧأŹ㳡ɣҸطĻᡣ
СС˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ȹҶϵ绰Ժ˸ʿŵķȥһûžͿС§һŮվڹŵĹ㳡м䶫ء
߽һӦþСֵŮѣССԵģߣһǸ¹ЦǺǵ߹ȥСʹӵһ£ʣֵܣô
£ĪıɶǱȥˣҲͦõġСЦǺǵģʣأ㲻ҲڳɶǱϰôû㰡
ұСȥˣȻҡЦһ£Сֲ֪ȥҰģҲûᣬҲûɶ壬ֻҪúþˡ
𳶵㻹СšСֿòæָŮѽܣŮѣС÷
Сָҽ˵Ҵѧͬѧ»ԡ
áҳС÷˵ͷС÷ȽϺ߰ɣҲֻǳҵ˵ͷ˵á
߰ɣȥԵɶҵһ£׼ҸԷĵطأСҡͷ˵˰ɣС÷ڱգһؼң´پ۰ɡ
Сҵ˵ͷȻҵСֵܣ֮ϾѾ˸ңôҲܽ⿪ģҲû⿪ֻ˵С֣ϰʲô͸Ҵ绰һᾡġ
ллСֵ˵ͷȻתŮѾˣҿ˵ıӰҲܲǸζֵܣڷֵ
ͳ̣һڣо治ճ̣ͻȻ˽֣һͷһȻСֵǸŮС÷ҸϽЦʣС÷ʲô£
Ը磬ʵָ֪ȥɶǱôõĹȫæģֻ˼Щѣһǵ˵ллС÷ղźܹİɣģСཱུġ
һһЦҡͷ˵ȥСֵ֣ܣǰܷʲô飬ǶС£ĻֱӸҴ绰Ҫ˼
ллԸ磬һתġС÷˵ͷȻֳʱķ˻ȥ
СֵĽˣ֮ǰ˵ģ֮ʲôңǰֵܣȻֵܣǰǸɹʲôֵܣ͵⡣
һڴϣͻȻһڹŲнֵм䣬Ҳ˱ӵ۹⣬
֮󣬸оǻ泩
һ˴ʲô˼
ͻȻһϤһͷһ硣
Ỵ̈ЦеĿңһЦʣôʱ棿
ûɶ¾Ͳ𣿸ȥһطɡ߹ﲻ֪ʲôʱȻһֱӾ͸ҿˣüͷһ壬ʣ磬ʲô˼
ûɶ˼ˣС̫â¶ˣСӣҲס㡣Ҷ˵
һȻʲô˼񶫣㲻𣿡
Цһ˵ҲأԵ޹ʵķҪʲô޼ǵܻԵףڲˣҪ˼ǰСǵزתô֪ô飬
үġⰢϳ鼸ӣ֮ǰΪǿЦҾû뷴ʱѾˡ
ˣȻóԵͷʵʵĸ߰ɡ˵ץҵĲӣʹİ㳡קΧҲʼкܶΧ۵ˣæ𣺡Ͻ˵˰ܣ
û뵽Ҳ𣺡ҾǾ죬һǸɱ˷Ǳ𿿽
ΧЩҲֻֻʹգȻûһ绰ʹ˿ûЧõ޷ǾǶత˰ȭͷ
ҵͷ˹㳡ߣһµϳͿ˹һŰߵ˺ȻԼ͹š


390 Ĳ
ҿŰţҵĶѾ˰ˣӺܿˣǰ濪Ҳһһɫװӣһӡ
磬ҪҿСӣôҵİɡæ취
ȻֱӲңŤͷų⣬ʼ磬УвͨæʣҶץˣܵøҴȥʲôطɣ
ձεǸɾĻش
ȥձɶҽü˵̵ܲѾᵽձòǴȥʲô񶫰ɣ
ģֱӴȥձڻ㣬ȼ֮һȥձġͷ˵
ߴﹾʹĺͰ˵һҲ˸ûȤҲͲ˵ˡ
⳵ӿͦȵģܿͿһСſڣקҵͷʹҰѱϣͷҲ۵Ҫ
קҵͷֱӾͰҴ˱һ棬䲢˵еªʱһɳء
һ񶫣ǰҲֻһΣǰ˺ܶ࣬ɫе԰ףһҽЦе˵ˣ
ֱӱһߵɳϣҵ˰һۣȻͳʣҪɱҪ㣡
ֱߵǰֱӾ͸˰ӣôģ˭ô³çģǳ»⿪Ǹ
ԭǰһİǰԵþ͸СèһߵǰóһԿ׸ҽ⿪Ȼֱתߵſվˡ
Сֵܾˣ¾ǲ£ҪⰡЦеĴӰͳһɫķĩһҺôҲǶУģһ۾ͿǺ
ֱһڣһܵģɳϣ񶫾ȻǸӡ
𣿡һֻ۾ʣҡҡͷɱʡô鷳ˣԲ
˾ǲܾ͵ܣܾСء񶫣ʣǰ쵹ǵõܾ˵ϢСֵܾȻǵزתһ˳ԾϢ˲ſٵúܰⲻæձһСֵܣ벻ǰ̣λãˣλãһԸ㡣
ǷӻɵӣȻ֪ǵزתҸ̣Ϊ𣿡Ц͸һ˵ظһӡ
ҡҡͷ˾ǲ£ôһûǰ㶼ϧ
˵ʹ·ͳһܣǰɫҺ壬ʣ˵زת˸ӣǲǺܺ棿
ҪɱɱϻôʲôҿǸܣ֪ˣӦþǺһҹƲҲóɸӣڽ䶾˵ɣǰУʱҲûӴЩ֪ҪЩжѣҿ϶ûôǿ־ġ
úÿһ°ǰ̺ôǺܶġЦǺǵ˵ʱ俼ǣͬĻֱӸע⣬Ȼͷ߾ǣϲǿȱˡ
߹üʣ˺ھ͡˵갢һӵơ
վǸ˰һ㱿֪ǵزתɱǲ͵õزֱӸ𣬱ϻӣҿʱ䣬ȻֱӸעǾߡ
˵񶫾ʹ򿪷ת˳ȥ
һ񶫳ȥˣһЦĿңȻҶʹһղ㻹ҵңɰ˵ֳҶš
žʹҧסˣʱһһĹȥˣܿӾ͹ȥˣҿ϶ǲܴӦġ
Ǹܾ׼עˣͻȻžһ߿ģȻ񶫣һŭĳ嵽ԱߣһžͰѰߵϣȻסĲӶݺݵ˵ҳң
ҶĲģæ
񶫾ǱôᱻΧˣ׾źֻ۽ʬֻβҲ棬ôͣң
һϲʦˣ
ҽͽ˵꣬־ֱӱɺɫ׼һƸԴȥ
æУĶĲ
˵갢ֱǸֱӳԼֱע˽ȥһܵĺֱӱһע˽ȥעԺ󣬰°ĭҧ˵̣֤Ҷ˰ɣ


391 ʦĵ
ͻȻ񶫻ͷңЦʣǾˣ
ңɶûɰ磬ɲԩ˰æ񶫸ղ˶ھܲȶ˵һأ
Ȼղ˵ôȻģղΪ˲˵ģʦȫˣ̰ءߣüͷͷһۻڳ鴤İְ̧ڱϣæܳ˷䣬ҿˣæȥŷ淢ɶ¶ҵˣǱԼСҪ
ҲͳԼֻæʦ˹ȥʦܿͽˣǱ߽ʣӣûʲôɣ
ʦû£Űܳȥˣͽץġæ˵
ʦһ˵֪ˣԼãܲˡ
˵Ǳ߹Ҷ˵绰ͿʼͲҽҲҳţֹʮӣһһŰ߿˽һۣæʣǳ»ǽȥġ
ҵ˵ͷ˾ߣʱϵսѾˣϻвٵѪ߳һʮźɫװˣڵϣԱ߻кǹʵľ˿أȺһҲҲʵһ£ԶľͿһϳء
æܹȥʣ˵ҳ㻹˼
Ʋһⶼð̵ץδϱԷأ˵˾͸Ϲˣ㻹ʲôģ
ݣǼһͽԺľͱˣʦʦĸأæʡ
ʼ˵ȥ׷ˣȺ̵ļһҲ֪㵽һߣȺһܸɵùЩ˰ȫøſˣֻ񶫺˹ȥҹܲ˵ġ
ϣ˰ɡü֪ΪʲôһԤУо񶫲ô׾ͱץȻˡ
ϵģҲ࣬ȻһȺΧˡ
Ź˰Сʱңʦſһ⳵λʦĸˣʦͦǱģ·õˣλʦĸɫҲͦ԰׵ġ
ʦһ㽻䣬ܵڵĳ˽λʦĸ氲顣
ʦһңôû°ɣ
զŵ𣿡ҺٺһЦʡ
ʦ˵ͷ˵û¾ͺá
׷𣿡һʡ
ʦüͷҡҡͷ˵ˣǸӣǰһڲΪʲôҪռٹ
ΪʲôҺʡ
ʦ˵ǰˣʱûаֻ̣һ̵а棬ʱֻʮˣȫа̵ĸ֣Լ֪ʲôط㵽һааոɷ֮˱ð˰ʵúǿ
˰ǲôЦǺǵ˵
ʦһ˵㣬Ƿ֮ҾͺصĲ״һȥ̵ֹļƻɹ̵ˣһ©֮㣬񶫡
ԭΪ񶫻аֱû뵽øỤ̄ԭһֱԼʵǲҷڼƻɡʦü˵ղ׷˹ȥʮֻٹϵĹȻѾڣ˶סֱˡ
㲻˵ʮܴôüʣѲɻô
ҵ˼𣿡ʦĺƴһһܣҼ槼һסٹʮһ˼Ҳѹס
ôͣһ
ʦ˵ͷаҲܴ־ǿĹֹǿֱӱ˻ǣռΪ¡
뵱׹ʱ񶫸ûҪץ׹ϾץȥҲڲͬˣڵʵѹס׹ˡʦһǵٵⶼɶظҳһ֪࣬Щʲô˼ԭΪ㰲ˣû뵽񶫾ȻԽԽǰвҪͷˡ
ҿʦһǵģʣʦȻϿҵŷ飬ѵزɣ
֣һңСӱ룬ɵزʲôģģ𣿡ʦ˵ԼľˣǸøȥ


392 ̥
ĺܿϧԭǺлץ񶫵ģϧˡ
ЩʦȥģҲ÷Щ顣
ʦʹŵʱץЩ̵˻ؾȥˣϾЩһܸ񶫻϶Ҳ񶫵ĸˣ֪Ӧò١
λʦĸȻǸʦˣܻȥˡ
ͻȻֻʣһˣҿʱ䣬Ѿ賿һˣһĿĵڴϡ
ҵֻͻȻֻһȻģæ˵绰ʣôͻȻҴ绰ˣ
û¾ͲܸСӴ绰𣿡ǱЦǺǵʡ
ˣʲôϵЩ׵ģɶˣæʣҺ˽䣬ôϵĸҴ绰϶ǳˡ
Ǳ߶˶٣˵ǣһˣҪЦЦҽԺأЦЦŻ¶һ㣬ھȻҪˡ
ɶҲô簡üͷʣЦЦǲˤ˻ôˣ
ǣƬҽ˵Ӥǿˣ£ҽҲ˵Ȼû취Ĺһ㣬ֻܸ绰ôˡǱʡ
ҲѾ֪ҵĹɶˣüͷ˵磬ץʲôĻУ⺢ӳа취㻹ʸƴ򡣡
ǣصģо⺢⣬ʱһ˰ɣҿµô¡̾
ҵ˵ͷھ͸ϻسɶĸҽԺأ
ҽԺġ
УæҶϵ绰˸⳵ֱӾ͸ʦ˵߳ɶʦһԸģҲļֱͳǮǳ⳵˾һǧ
·ҲǵЦЦһĽʦ㣬ΪǮĹϵɣ⳵˾ҪڿһһСʱһ͵˳ɶ
һɶҽԺĴţҾ͸Ͻ˸绰ܿͻæĴҽԺ˳ɫ̫ÿһңæܹҵ־ҽԺק
磬㣬𼱡ҳ˵
ܽһ䲡ЦЦһ԰׵ڴϣҲ¡𣬿͸ʮ»̥һЦЦһҽЦʣӣûϰడɶ
ЦЦҪˣҵȻšЦһ£ߵЦЦԱߣĶʣûɶɣ£
ЦЦҡҡͷʱڼ˯ʲô£ĺܹ֣ҽ˵Ԥڹ֮󡣡
һӰɣҿʣһЦֲˣ˵ôɶ
ҵ˵ͷӣЦЦĶӣȻַڱţû⣬ûҲʲôֵĵط
һҲû֪øɶˡҡҡͷҵı沢ûдƷɰҾҲ֪ô顣
Ǹô죿һģļ˵ˣ˵ǻء
磬¾ҪˣǸ̥ôܲһ
磬㼱ɶ߸Ҳǹ̥ôʵ벻ʲôο䣬ֻ˵ˡ
ƨ߸Ƕ꣬¡ҡͷ
Ҳûˣ˵ٵɣȺ˵ɡ
Ҳû취ֻˡ
ͳ绰绰ЦЦҪô飬ø绰
ԭҴϵĸ绰ɶһ˵ЦЦˣֱ˵ɶ
Ҷϵ绰ԺҺʹڲЦЦҪǸ֪ЦЦӵô£֪ҵְҵҰ벽뿪ЦЦˡ
ͦģҲֻЦЦһס棬Һߵߵ
ϵҲ֪ΪʲôҲ賿ʱҲϵҽԺſڣҴ˸绰Ҿܳȥ
ܳȥûã͸ܻˣһͳЦЦ˵ЦЦ㣬ɶʱϵİϲ
һ￴֪ЦЦӲ¡æ֣ЦǺǵܵұʣӣСһܹɶЦЦҰֶӵﶼû׼ء
׼ƨǸ̥ҰľϽ硣
ԺüͷͷЦЦĶʣ£ô󣿲ܰЦЦ߸
ϹɶҾ˵׼°ɣʱ浽Ǹʲô⡣
˵ͷҲߵԱ˵λ磬οȫˡ


393 
Ҫ˵̥ʵĲټܶǰĹͶ̥Ļͻүǵĳͷǰ̫࣬ͻӤⱲ֮ģүĳͷ
ôĻټȻҲûи߹ġ
ļҺ綼ǴҽԺû뿪ҪҪչЦЦЦЦǱȽֹۣ죬ֻ䣬˾͸˸һĬԣû¾һ˴ڽ̡
ҲǽҺЦЦһ˴ЦЦ߲УҺҲһоʵЦЦͨĻȻȷ̫࣬Ķûɷ֮ҺҲǺܷġ
Ҫֻ֪߹ǲԼɷ֮ģ͸ϵĺζһЦЦ治ʲô֡
һξ͹ˣҺڲһ˯أͻȻԱ߲ЦЦʹĽҺһľڵϴ̵ͱˣһĳҺʣ磬ˣϽôˣ
䣬ҪˣʲôãϽҽڴϵЦЦЦЦɫҲǺܲ԰ףҲȫǺգʮʹࡣ
ˣæܳȥ˼ҽЩҽҲϻæ˼ʿЦЦŪƳ͸Ͻ͵˲棬Ҳǽš
ЦЦҲһֱڲҽУĶͨͨ
Һ绹õ㣬ر䣬޲˶ȥҪҺСţֱӾͳȥˡ
λ˼䣬ӵǷĻҹҲôġ
ʱһһĹȥܿ͹ȥһСʱ澹Ȼû꣬ǵСòô鷳ͻȻĽͣ
һҽһЦ߳ЦǺǵ˵ϲˣĸƽǸк
Сûɶ𣿡ɫϲæʡ
ҽüͷȻ˵ͷ⵹е㣬ǲޣǾҲޣ㵹֣ͦܽǱˣϢᣬȻȥӰɡ
лҽлҽæ·ͳһĹĵģҲиǧҽɫºһ˵ģʲôһ֪ͨǵġ˵ҽת߽
ӺƽҲ˿Աߵʣ·˰ɣ
ҲǸһĥһ˵ͷû£á
ͻȻҽԺܹһɫµˣһȻʦ׾š
ʦһæǺˣܵԱߵʱ򣬾㵵ĿҺʣô⣿
ʦôⰡֵĿʦ̵æ𣿡
ʦûңһָŲʣӤ𣿡
˰ôʦҼʦôʣʱüͷʦ仹ǸӤһʣô彡еİɣٽ
ιʦֵӣôŸʲôֵʡ
ʦ۾һڣȻ˵ûʲôȻӤʱҺһȥ
˵ʦԱߵʦ֪ǲво仹һʱʱľͳķһۣһĽţþ͸һ
֪ʦҲû˵ɶ
ҲģҾͳʣ׼ʲôְ
ˡһᵽ⣬ʱ£˳˵ͽ־ϣҪ־ԺһƷ裬һɳ죬ǰ;
ʦʱԱ߲ʣô
ʦʦ˼Һȡ֣ɶ
ʦһۣҲû⺢ԵͽɣԺұ֤ǰ;
üͷֲ̫ðҿʦģûпЦæԱ˵ʦץֵľֳľǣ˵⺢Ժǰ;Ǿͼٲˡ
û취ֻˣϾʦûʲôֻаʦ˵Ҳǿץֵϣ㵵Ŀһʦŵ˵ͷ˵ãͽ塣
ڿԿˣС㣬źӡ֮ǰҽʱҲ˹˵ʦæվȥ
ҲȥʱЦЦɫ԰ˣڴϣƣһԱһӤһԲལʵʵӤ棬˯ء
ʦ˫ֱĿӤ͸һ
ʦǲǵ񾭲ԱСĳ˵ҵ˵ͷʦвɣ


394 ׼ȥձ
ںʦۿʪ᲻˳
˵ʶʦôãһٿޣΨһһξǴ֪ŵ˾֢ʱ򣬻оˣʦ͸ҪǮ
ںҲû˵ɶֻߵЦЦԱߣ§ЦЦ˵ɶ
˴һֶӣʦ˿ֲ˲۽ǵ飬Цһ˵⣬⺢ӡ
ԥ˵ûϵ
ʦ߹ȥ⺢ӣҲ֣ԭ˯ĺһʦʱ۾ĿʦȻ֨֨ЦʦЦ
ʦͷںӶ˵˾仰ʱҾʦҲֻԼ仰ɣǵʦʱӤ˵ʦСŵôãڵȵתˣڻˡ
Ҿ㵵ĿǸӤ⺢ӵǰȻʦʦҵʦô
ˣʦ⺢ȡ壬ʦʦǸ壬ѹˡ
ҶʱʦΪʲôôˡ
ʦ˵ЦǺǵľͰѺӷȥȻʦͳһƵ飬Ȿķùдģĸ֣
һμ⺢ӣԺѧѧⱾ飬Ķϲġʦ˵ͳһƬݸ䣺ǲĸĸԺ󲻹ʲô飬ֻܸҴ绰ڹڣұ¡
лæл
ʦ˵ͷ˵ʱͦģͲˣˡ
ȻʦҺ˸кת뿪
Һ翴ʦ뿪ź俪ʼ쳶仹ңʦô£Ҿ˵Ҳ֪Ѳɸʦôֵúҡ
ҺҲǶ죬ЦЦСҾ䵽̷·ε·ֱ˺·֡
ҺҲ׼뿪ˣ׼سɶ꣬˵ǣ䶼ˣҲץʱ䣬һϵûأޣˡ
ңҶ֪øɵɶȥ㷲棬Ƿ϶ûʱңϾϰ൱أʱҰѾģ첻ˣһ绰ÿĸ绰һЩɶ
ͻȻҾͺ뻢壬Ҳ֪ô뵽⣬ͳֻ˹ȥܿͽ˵绰ǱʣС˵ôҴ绰ˣ
ûɶ¡֣Ǹоͦܰġ
Ǳʣôˣǲʲôˣ
û壬ҾǸоȽ϶ˡ˵֪ǵزתɣȻʼļоԽãҾԽãҲûȷĿ꣬Ҳ֪ԺøɶɵɶҶͻȻɵزĲ֪ôˡ
ڻڻ˵˳ãҲΪʲôķˡ
ЩҰﲻ㡣˶˵ֻпԼǰɱˣҵĸԼöأ±ǰĳҵҲҲһȹôֻԼһĽѣһֱۣǿ϶ɲȥõķ룬Щи¡
˼̾˿ڴϣȺЩڵ˵ͻȻܺѧѧͲô飬ԼҸҸŮѣƽƽĲҲܺô
Щֻ㾭˲Żףڶһˣܶòƽƽ֮ȴƽѾ·ˣûѡ񣬼ȻѾ·ˣ͵һֱȥ
壬ʱҹ㣬Ϣ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
û뵽ҸչҶ˵绰ҵ绰žҵͷһģһӵ绰Ǳص˵ӣҸ£׾ϼһ׼ȥձˣǸһȥ
ȥձɶͻȻ˹ʣץ񶫣
ݿɿСϢ׼գ׾׼ȥաǱＤ˵
£㼤ɶˣʦôҴ绰˵أ׼һ°ʡ
Ǳ˵ˣ走׾˵Ȼ˵ʲôΣϵܴ󣬲ȥ绰㣬ȻĹȥô
üͷ˵ʦ˵Σˣȥ
ݣ㻹°ȥȥҪȥģ˳Ѿһ顣Ǳ߼˵СӣǸࡣ


395 
ȥҵȻȥæͷʵҲǸֻ࣬ûô԰ˣҾʣɶʱȥ
׾һ֮ߣһȥʱձܲڸɣˣʱ˼ϾȥձһΣԵġǱ˵
ҵ˵ͷס
Ҷϵ绰Ժҵͷһʱ䣬ѾˣʱĻĿ죬æ˸ʿֱ˻ȥ
ʱڸϵ죬ó⳵ʦ˽ţǮ³ԺҾͳֻ˹ȥܿͽ˵绰ңιӣɶ°
Ҿ˵û°ⲻй¸ϱ绰㱨ô𣬳֡
Ǳ߲˼ʣιǳԱ˳ŵôƽʱҹСӾ͸̳һ쾹ȻҪ֡
ҺٺһЦУҹҶ岻ݴǵĺòá
ҽûհΪ㰡֪棬һϰأԭǸ°ˣץ˼͵СëһءǱߺĺæһǱ߻ͦġ
ҵ˵ͷû£ǣɳ棬ˣ˰
ڵɳڹһεģԭ׼ֱȥģתһ룬ôȥҲǻ°˰죬ҵһ꣬һٴһõ壬žŶ䣬ô¡
õ廨ͱıɳȥɳֻĶ¥¥ͣҵүʣү˼ϰأ
үʮ꣬żỴ̈Ʋһ˵ͻģɳЩһͽô
ЦеʣѲɻкܶͻ
ߣЩ˲֪ôģ˼СƯһͷͻҶˣ׼ү˵ŻҪ߳ѴŸϡ
ҷ㣬Ҳ̵ģһϴү˵үˣǺ˼ѣ
ÿһ˶˵С˵ҪἸ꣬һһȥүĺְܾɫҲǺ죬һæϣݣȻѾץֵĳԱ֮һˣǲûʲô֤ҾǸү˵ץֵĳԱҲ֪
ͻȻһҪȥ滹ȫ˷ۺɫõ壬˿ʮ꣬һҲš
ͷʲôţӴ򿪣ȻҾҰԴү
үɫüһᷳĿһۣǴ˴ţæͳ濪˽ȥҳŴŴ򿪣Ҳǳ˽ȥȴû뿪תǴүʣС˭ôţ
үһ˵һڣϵɳаԵ۸ˣһ˰ô˵үǳ˿ĭ
Сӣ㻹ǸϽ߰ɣСҲǿСƯ׷ģҪǰݹȥž͵һһ١ү˵ĵҡ
ҡҡͷ˵û¡
ίǰ컹ҳԷأСëҵķ㣬ûˣ뵽⣬ҲԽԽˬ
Ȼ׷˵˻ܸˣϾ֤ϱǵ׷һˣæ˹ȥҲǰˣҪǰóȥС̥ûʵ˸ɵ飬òôɣ˸׼Сôʰġ
Цأǰ׷Ҳ֪ж٣÷ײֶθŪᵽֶɫ
СҲУóһȴ𣺡˼Ұ㡣
һֱں𣬺ܿⶰ¥ܳܶľΧۣܿ췲Ҳü˳㴩һ˵Ư
ڣֱ˶ϵ˵ϴϣû˵ɶ˵ºˡ
һЦ˵ô鰡ġ
㲻֪ô˵귲תߣһʱҲЦ˵ôճ
û뵽ڻȥץס˷֣˵ҺѿģֲûǳɶһСôǰʱľˣ˵Ǳˣļһʲôǰ;
ҿ˵ץֵʱѾ̲סˣû뵽ӵĻң߹ȥСӣô˵İɣ


396 㷲
Ѿ˭ڻͷһۣ
ָŷ˵ѣղ˵ǸСԱ
һɫһ˵ӴСӾȻҾͲˣ㳤ô죬ῴ㣿
㿴ˣҲЦе˫ֲڶڳһϷģʽ
Ҳúӆأȥһȭϴ˹ȥһȭǷϣһȭҴſڵϣָ
Ҳþûк˺úôˣǰּһǰԼץֵݣҲѹˣԣ
ҲԼվֱӰװ˶ϣָ԰
ӣŶһǽ꾯Ĳھ˹ֺǺǵԱ߿˵
ȥüͷһ⻹ǲھ
ӻûӦһѾһųҵĶ˹Ҷһۣߵ˺ü˵һھͷ治Ǵġ
ˣæһȭϴæͷ㿪һȭ˷һѱסĲӣҽŵϥǳĶһȥСӷӦܿ죬Ҳϥǵһš
ȻץסּĹؽڣһץҾ͸оұ߼۵Ҫһһ¾סҵѨλ
ʵҲѧʱʦǱϵĸѨλҿžͷۣûզѧʱоûɶãһһҾ͸о˿ûӦԵİ취
䲻һסҵѨλʱЦеĿ˵ǷҲûУҲ򲻹ҡ
Ҳݣ̫װBˣ˦ֻֻ֣о߼˿òȫľˡ
е㱾¡ԼļüͷҲûмȥɣѵ򲻹ȥֲSB
ʱҲվ˳˵ˣҺ򡣡
ҲŮ˵ġһNɪģӰҴˣıú£ȥֱӾһţæԱһ㣬û㿪һ÷˶ӣ˳ס
ںǺһЦе㱾£һΣ˵ãҪҰˣͺ̸ô
һ˵
һҲǴһȥֱһߣᵽڵԴϣһᵽֱͦʬһڵϣû˶˹ȥ
ҿŰ˿ĭȻǸǵģҴʱԺҪǽ飬᲻мұ
ˣ£ӣһᣬһû°ءԺתܻذ칫¥ˣҲûȥԼܵү˸ˣûºʹүĻ졣
үҲǿ˸ղŵ飬֪Ǻ˼ѣҲûģһĺҴǰսô̵ģõǽζ
ߵʱ򣬷һƣĴӰ칫¥˳ߵԱҵ־˵ӣߣԷȥˡ
үˣʱ˵¡ҸǴү˸кͺͷ߳ɳ
ɫͺҺͷԺ˸ݣ˸䣬˼ˣ
ӣڰ̵ҲѾˣúùȹͽ飬㿴鲻һ߳Բһ߳˵УٹʱͰץֵĹˣȻã·ԽԽڵ·
ô˵ɻʣҪ֪ƽʱ˵ЩҶǰģ쾹Ȼֽ̽Ժˡ
֮ǰ͸˵ˡ㿴ʣҪȥձ
ԥƬ̣˵ͷ˵ԡ
ȥˡüͷ˵Ҳǲ֪ԼҲָϱһʧȥ㡣
ˣҾ͸ȥͰˣɶµġȰ˵
ʵȥȥձʦǵİӦö󣬵Ҿȥ˵Ϊʲô
Һһȥԥ˵ʡȥӡ
ҿ˷һۣұҰɣһҡҡͷ˵˰£Ů˲ʲô֣Լúϰ࣬ȥͻ˵ʦڣİɡ
ù㡣̾˿ԼСĵɡ
ġҵ˵ͷ
ļҶ㷲㵽Ժ棬Ҳרһܵļ档
ʱúܿ죬һܻ۾͹ȥˣʦͷһѾȥձҺҲǶӵĻƱ׼ȥҲûֻȥΣСĵǡ
ҺʹںܿͿʼǻǰձ


397 С
ձǸɶأҺڷɻһֱ⣬ɻҲвձˣҺҲЩ졣
⻹ҵһνӴձˣҪǰʱձˣһ˵ڲͬˣɻĶձˣҺҲҶְ
ͷɻЩձһ·˹оձ˲ôǷᣬ󲿷ǱģͿĵĵӾԲձ˲
ߵʱҺŸϵ˶һ·ɻҺ߳˻
ԺҺҲɵˣģ˵г⳵ˡ
磬ô죿ҳԱߵʣ֪ƨġ
Һ米׼Ķ߯࣬ϰɶˣ¶ӪǻʳǴһ󱳰ķ棬³Բߵķˣû뵽Ķˣ˵ﰡ
ڷɻЩձ˻϶˵ģָձϵ˶˵
ǿӵидĳ
ָ˵СӵʱôúöǳЩ˵Ļ
֡Ҹ磬ͻȻһʱĸŮߵԱʣλ
ǸŮһ߼˸ͷ׼ŮԭһƣһŮæͷһ˦ЦʣඣŮɶ°
û¾Ͳ˧ҿλ鷳͹ʣҽһ£ҽСӣǸ﷭룬ͨԡŮ˵ŻݳһƬ
ɧĻƬڱţһģһӸȥʣС㣬ãҽ裬ӢнܿˣйһزͶ̣ҵг»ԡ
СԷ𣿲ȻСԶٷɣ˵־ʹСӵļϣСҲû⣬Це˵ҳԷͦģҿɲôˡ
ǵȻҲ˰ԭ룬û뵽˷ɻϳˣⲻҲزģСŮʿҪû飬Ȼ췭룿ǴţƲ±ˮǺ
ɻϻ𣿳˵һŸȥ
Сӿһµ˵ͷպʱûйİţҿǺܹŶ
ж󰡡˳־§סСӣһɫеʣһһRMBô
ˣСһǷôûֽźڿձҲòˣǶҵʮ飬˵ȻΪôһŮģǮȫŮģ
ɽǸСӺʹĴӦĶˣġ
˵Це§Сеʿˣں濴ģһ١
˳⳵СӾҪȥģֱ˵Ҹùݾˡ
ȻСӵһʦ˵˼仰ʦ˵ͷȻ㷢ӿ
ڳ˵ȻСӵϱһһһʲôģСҲֻЦЦû˵ɶ
һˣϱӣҪһȥˣⱲӶûϷ
룬ʵͦĽʺ޵ģһƤɶ¶óҾƤ̫ˣڻǴС
Ҳ֪СӸǳ⳵ʦ˵ɶֱӾһƵſͣžƵ꣬ҲǼģҶʱʶԼǮ
⳵һмСæҲΪ˳ӣֱͳһRMBֱֽӶǼСǼСߴﹾ˵һѣƶ˵ĸл֮Ļɡ
ҺȥԺҲøȥ§Сӵǰ̨ˡ
˼ӣЦе˹ߵǰ˵߰ɣ¥ͳ׷СҲǹ棬ҪǶ䣬ôסôƵľƵꡣ
ƣҿ˿̻Ի͵ľƵ֪꣬װBҲˣ˵Ȼͳ׷æʣͳ׷һ϶Ǯ
RMBɣַȴպסϵǹ˾ܲǸǻƵǡ˵§Сȥ
һ͸ӵһںǰС죬ʱʱЦȥһ٣˵
ƶձǸɶˣһͶ䷿䣬§Сӽһ䷿ҾסĶ棬һ߽ȥԹԣ治ͳ׷


398 ߣС
ʵҲûסǼľƵ꣬ͳ׷ǵһס
ܽϴ˸裬ͷԼ˯ˣһķɻҲ֪ǲˮо˯Ҳ֪ãҲûΣ۾һգһѹˡ
绰粦˹ȥǱƣʣɶ°Եģһˣˡ˵ŻǱߴ˹Ƿ
ҲԱû˵ҪԱаѲ˵óǷһ˵ŮԵģҲǹɲģסŭ˵磬ǲǵˣ
˶ˣ㲻˵һˣղ˵ȥһ¾һȥᡣڵ绰Ǳ˵꣬ҾݣɶJBأ˵õվأձһϴͳˣ
һ˵ôôףôˣٵһСʱϢᣬȻȥᡣ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
˵ûô˵ˡ
˵Ůϣû˵̾˿ߵ̨ձеľɫ
ʵľɫͱЩ࣬Ǹ¥ãΨһͬľǴЩȫı
һСʱܿ͹ȥˣܿſھʹߵſһǸС磬һܵ˵أһԺģͲдӺţˡ
һЬӸȥұϱ߳˵߰ɡ
˳ȥ˸⳵Ǿǰȥ
ܿ⳵ͣ˾ſڣձϢһȣ߹ȥݣоǺܹӵġ
ǾôƲۿ˵ҲͰ;ոɡ
§ŵСЦǺǵ˵Цɲܿ⸽Ǿ죬ȥüûΣƷþҲȥؼġ
һƲ˵ط˼ڰ׹ǰͳûء
쳯ҲɡСЦЦ˵ˣ˵ˣɣҴ˽ȥ
˵СӾƱǽȥطܶطͦӵģһĽȫոµģ͸޹һСӾ͸˵⾸ǰһ˸չȻʱ鱻ѹǶص֪Ļͦġ
ҺһͶһۣǰʦչʱΪʦţƣû뵽ȻģС˵Ⱥ˸ӵˣձصһ
ҺһЦ
һ磬رǽǸЩսЩձ˵λҲûסһѻЩλȥ
ѾˣѾˣҾͳ˵磬ð˰ɣ
֪Ҹ׾Ǽһ绰˵ͷó绰ʦ˹ȥ绰ܿͽͨˣ͸ʦѾձû뵽ʦǱƿڴҲͷŰġ
Ҵû׾Ǽһ绰Ҿ֪Ǽһ϶òȥĵ绰
Ҳһε˵ʦ˵ˣھھſأ˵ɡ
ʦǱһŹҶ˵绰ȻСҵһ죬˴Ŷʮӣһµϳͣǰʦڼʻϣ˵ϳ
Һæϳ˸ʻϣҲС˺棬ʦСüʣ˭
æ˵˭ķ롣
ϣУ֪뷭룿ʦЦһ䣬ͻȻͳС˵³
ʦɶһͲˣҲ֪˵ôϣһʦҪС³ʱˣʦƲһ˵Ǹɵһ˸ȥ
⡣СҲһ˵ҵģҲӶңΪʲôҪģ
¡ʦһôͽϸ³ˣ㻹Ϊ׾ɵӣһز죬ôʶģ
ʦˡæôʶСӵľʦ
ʦɸֵĵһۣǸѻСӶţŮƾʲô㣿ʦСЦʣİɣСС㣿
СһʱüͷƬ̲һЦݵ˵Ȼ׾ţýɵˣȻе㱾£ûҾǰ̵ˡ
Сӻһ˵꣬ʱϵնʱҲʶİս˽ֻҪСеʲôҾһѾȥ
СһɵʣôǸòﶯְɣ׾ǰ־飬ͨڻձڶȻɱңҿԱ֤ձĶʱôأ
ô³ˣȻղŲԸȥǾͱȥˣӣӣҿҪʲô͸Ūʦ˵ŤͷԼ˳ӡ
ʱһմ񻹲ǰһɻĳСʣӣǸղ˵ģëģ
ӣ㲻涯˰ɣŮ˿ɶúܣ̵ʮФߣϹûܻڶ죬С㲻ˡʦǰֺǺǵ˵
ݡһʱһ䣬ȻƿСӣ϶˶㡣
Ϻܰû˵
ʦųǵһȻһĳͣǾ߽һ
һͿʮڴ쳶أ棬ʮȫץֵĳԱLȻ棬ʦǽҲûҺ磬ָֻˣȻС˵Ұ÷أС椵ı¿ɲС
˵˵ͷȻѺСӾ¥ȥˣҲǸûһߵԱ쳶ȥˣԼߵLԱߣͳ̵ݹȥʣ̲
Lҡҡͷ˶˵ˣûйϲץ֣ϲˣعлԷһ¡
L˵ģûʲôһϰˣЦе˵ϵ˵ɶ̫õģˡ
L˵ͷҿLֲ˵ʣһôձˣ׾Ǽһôƭء
ʦġL˵˵վûķݣԺܺڣϡ
ҾLԱһֱ˵ϾLһڽ䣬ûɶҲĮԸйϵɣҲ˵ر˽⣬йһЩӴ˵򣬻װᣬ˵֢ô˽ϵ


399 
LԱߴﹾ˵˰죬LҲǶģûʲôӦҾֵ˵磬ǲ֢
û뵽Lͷһ˵ҪΨһѣҶѵ㣬¡˵Lͱ۾һ׼Ŀ
󰡣ѾģҪҿһ˼į˭氡ҿLĲңҾߵԱߺ棬һȺүǴʱоձĸŮŸһ˵ɷģ͸ֳЩŮŴһ
Ⱥүǣ湻ġ
LΪﲻһˣݡ
ҿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿߵˣʣ壬ϾûɶĿѲɾɶҲ𣿡
ɶҲɣһ˵ò׳ˣȥ˵ڵԶ˵ȥˣKTV͡
һʱҲǺֻʦһģһ߽ӵ绰һ߹壺ǰµģһ档
Ȼʦͳ绰Ǳ˵ԶԶԣû˵أKTVİ䣬жʮƯųˣɶûôࣿ㲻㣿㣬𱣬еְҵò˵㶼´ˣҳ˧Զòá
˶ʦһ
˾ŵӵʱһҪľʮҪߣLǵĻû˿ȤȻ˸ǻҪһ
Χһǰʦóһ˿˵ܼޣþסջ󡭡
û˵꣬ʹæ֣ͬ˵ҿ϶ջ󡣡
̫ˣǼԵΪ˸Ҳʱи˾ִ
ǣҶԼ־˿ûš
ҾǸ˵ҿ椾Լɶˣҿ϶ʺϵġ

ȺˣҸ˵ЩһﶼѾ˺üˣֱĿңʦЦһ˵ӣɲܸȥСõһ˰ƯĳֺãҪԲҿɲ㡣
ǾǣҪȥһȥ͸߷㡣æ˵ǰBBԼി飬ɧ꣬չʾ㴿ʱ̵ˣȥ磬˵ȥǴ꣬ɡ
ôôҿɥҾȥKTV׸ˣôô
ôôҸߣȥඡʦֹոˣһοһȺ˳ȥ
Lǰɳϣëǰ˰ľЩԺLŵ˵ҲȥɣǸ̵ˣһ˹ˡ
LҰ㡣æлһ䣬˳ȥһȥԣӰûˡ
ȺܵҲ̫ˣ̾˿׼תӣϸһ룬Уôһ˻ȥҲ̫ˣҾͲһ˾Ͳܳȥˡ
뵽⣬ҾԼߣ߳һ·վ·˻ᣬʿæȥϳԺ˾ߴﹾ˰죬ұ˰죬ʣ˵𣿡
ģ
ллأ˾Ȼ˵ģȻ˵ЩŤʼö˵ĻҾ˵ȥɡ
Ҫ֪һըξը˵˾˵ͷȻͷ˳ӿڳҲĺ˾
е֪˾ȻǸѧԣʱͨģϰʱϼǸӣ֪ĺܺãͱˣ˼ݹ⣬ȻͿ⳵˺öˡ
˴ŰСʱ˾͸˵ˣϻмǧֽ𣬶RMBŹȥ³ˡ
Ǹ¥ãȺӿвٵձӣһʧˣʧˣ˵õձŮأŮûţһѣһòզΣŵʱУֱӰɱ֡
⻹纫أȻǺģչŮ
ĵĹ˰죬оҲûɶ˼ҪǸ˵ɶźйĶ࣬ΨһĲûӰĴ衣
ҹŹţͻȻͿһưɣǰɶҲǾưɣҾ˽ȥһȥDJкܶ
˸λŮؿţŮĻŤŤȥģһԱģԱߴﹾ˵ЩɶҲҺɶɣ˵˾㣬ԱƬ̣Ȼŵ˵ͷת뿪


400 Сɮպ
һᣬһú˧ʮˣװƿƾߵҵԱ˵˼ҵʱҲе㷳ˣԵģɶҾܱ˵ﲻ˵Ĳ
Ǹˣ˻ᣬȻһЦ˵йˣ
һ˵úҪ֮ǰ˵һҶûǲйˣҵ˵ͷ˵ⲻͶˣƷ£˿ˡ
һ𣿡˷¾ƣԱʡ
ҵ˵ͷ˾˵һİҽһ£˽ԭأưɵϰ塣
һʱüͷСӵҶЩԼԶĶһЩҲҴ⣬ϾҳɶһﶼûأҾ˵һ˰ͦõġ
Ⱦ𣿡ԭĸҵ˱ƣȻԼ˱˵йһ仰ȸΪҾȸΪˡ˵Ʊͺȥ
ûǱƣʣ¾˵ƨͷš
û뵽ԭһѾץסҵ֣һΪҪ֣æ֣׼һȭͷȥû뵽ԭһҵ˵ϵǾưɣ˵ʲô飿ҳ棬ȻǳȥҸùģ
Ҷʱһ㼦ƤһΧԣưеĸеıףŮĸŮģݣǸͬ־ưɣæվղԭ֣оĵҪҾ˵˼ߴطˡ
˵ҾͳưɣݣɶJBⰡ滹ܽͬ־ưɣҾ򳵻رʱɵˣǱɶţҲ֪ҲܲΪÿ⳵ǰѧԣ˵İɡ
ҵùݣû뵽⾹ȻҪ֤һգһҲϣ˵ùסˣҸɶҪ֤ɶġ
һĵձĴϣ治֪զˣ֪ܳģ·ˣôȥ֪
Ȼҿձһ¥ϾȻãһĵüͷǶ¥ϵ
ձҲħֵģǱйҪ࣬ϾձħֵһĻϿħĴڣ»ЩħйǰȻħ࣬ǾĻħѾ
ҿǵҸòȥæֵȻŨܣҽδزܸһɶһﶼûҪֺȫձˣԥԭ
ҪͻȻ쳯Ķ棬˵ɶȥƴǣΪЩձˣȥֵ
ԣֵԥԭǶ¥Ǹ칫¥ʱĵģҲû˳롣
룬תŤͷҪߣͻȻи˵ʩȻģαΪһϴ˵˽ԹûԼģ
һͷһ˵ľȻǸУвǸйУǸձУͷһñӵסԴ֣һɫձģŴһ˫Ьһȡ
Ȼдʦ棬ҳ棬ûбҪ˰ɣ˫ֺʮ˵һΪǾļ仹ʲôģԷһĪиУȻձУǺС
ֻ·㻯ʩҷԵ˫ֺʮ˵
ձҲŷ𣿡ҵȻһЦòĲٺж˵ҺͷԵȻձҲǺУǺ񲢲ŷ
𲻷ֹ磬ձȻŷ𣬵Դڷ𣿡˵
ô֪ҶûƫЦһ˵ձа̷湴ҪһЩӦϵĶаһЩ˲飬ʦѵ֪֪ĻΪβֹձҲзݣ
ڵҰȷѾѱ䣬Сɮʧְ˵µĴһ취ֲġ
㷸ĴüͷУ˵ȥ׾ţһºǱҰɽϸգʱһǡ
ʴʦ䣿üʣдһЦȻֱʧǰҶߴǺеСɮպ
պԴһըˣҰʦ
ҪǣպڽǾļйպձԶƳѧϰĻʱ򣬽ǾѾһʦǾʱĽպ϶
ǾеպǸСɮһѣҲŻ
˿æҡҡͷպʱɲǽǾСɮ绰͸׾Ŵ绰ȥЩϢ֮ǰҲǶˣȻû뵽׾Ŵ绰


401 L
Ҹ׾Ŵȥ֪ǻKTVأæߵʦʦ˵պϹ
ڡҿ˿ΧҲ֪ﰡ·ˣɣġ
˵绰Ҿ͸ϻ㳡ģ˶ʮӣʦŸϵʦʱһľ˲ٵľơ
㿴ôһܳɶСأʦһҾͳ߳ȵ
ллأʦ֪أûкȵ̫ߣæ֮ǰպϸĸʦ˵һ飬ʦ֮üͷҵ˵ͷʾԼˡ
ȻҾ͸ʦܵKTVЩһһ§С椣ɫеģҿȺһﶼͷۡ
ͻȻʦĵ绰ʦ绰˵Lɶ°
Ҳ֪Lڵ绰Ǳ˵Щʲôʦɫ˲䣬ŭݣȺ˵ζˣӻûȥǣǻˡ
˵ʦһӣȺץֵ˾˵ˣϼҶð̵ˣݣһؼҡ
ʦŭľܳ˰ᣬЩ˶˼ۣæ͸ʦ˳ȥȥԺæϳٵĿǺʦ壬һ忪ĳ
ǰǻżԹ忪̫죬ʦһ˵忪ʵ忪ͦģձֵϣǳ廹Ʈһһһֱںš
ԭҹŵʮӵ·̣ʮӾͿˣ֪ɶطء
ʦҲ¸˵һԭ֪ôҵǵģǲ²Сϴʲôλǰɣ˺ܶˣLϢϵձڵ˺ܶ˶ǹ
LûĻͱˣȻǰ̿űLһˣǱߵ˲L绰š
ǳͣ˾ٶ׵ĵطͣˣС˳ʦʹ˸ɫ˵ͷȻȻӳİǹȻ嶪һʣðɣ
ҾУģ˵òǹͦ˳ֵģҾʣ壬ɶǳŻǹ
ձڲһȻûǱ߿ţûôϡʦְǹݸ壬ȻںңȻҳһαAK47ʦЦǺǵ˵˳֡
ݣ̵ôҺһǾУûǹץǹڶǹŻģ˭ǹսֶһעͻҵ
СˣڰʱAKʦ˵ű˿˵ôô
ͻȻǰʦ绰ڹģԭѾĻǳȥȥˣֵʮӣͣԱߡҲ
ʦ³ˣָָԼǹЩ˻⣬ȻԼ俪ʼǹ
ʦɶƻûֱ߽ܲǱɣ˵LҲץˣʣð찡ҵѰ죬ӴŽȥֱɨѡ
ڷʲôҲǳǵݵģϾô㣬Ҳ٣һһڣȥӦץˡ
ʱձɲܴ⣬һעͻᶪС
ͻȻ߳һˣȻ˹æǹıմ򿪣СĵĿˣЦǺǵ˵λýţǽλȥġ
ߣղʣץʦ˻֣æȥǹѾ̫ѨȻѹ˻ҲֻЦеģ˫־˵սնʹ
ëŲھͱ㣿ʦһ˵Щ̵ĹǺڻɣұҲû˲顣
ǽ˵ˣֻλȥĻ죬Ҵˣ׾Լȥȥɡ˵˾ͱ۾һģ
ʦüͷ˻˵ӽȥһǼһﻹܸʲô
˵ʹͷ˽ȥʮȻǸȥƿţ߽ȥʱӶһɫװˣվñֱ͸Ƭĺһʦһȥ񶫣
ЦǺǵľʹ¥񶫴һɫװƤȵĲ԰ףˡ
׾ˣЦǺǵָűмɳ˵ʦֱʣҵأ
ˣŶ˵ɽСһɣСһͦһ٣أҪǿϣȥˡЦеɳϡ


402 ʬķ
ɱͲʦʦֱɳϣҺʦ棬վı
̫Ѩ˵˵ʦҲԣǼһͦѲģǲǵһûɱأ
ϻ˵ɣɶ¡ʦһ£ȡ
ͻȻһ£ȻæӰͳһСʹһڣ۾Ƭ̲˵˼񫷸ˣͺˡ
ţʦ΢΢ü˵˵ɣʲô顣
񶫻˻֣ӵĺ˶ʱһȫתߵӵĽ䣬ΧһҺ磬ʾҲ˱ܡ
ʦ˵ͽܣлֱ˵ɡ
׾˵һĵط΢΢۾ʡ
û˵ʦԥ˵
飡
һӣŬѹסԼŭ⣬΢Ц˵˼ëַˣһԼϣĻشܻôһΣ֪𣿡
֪ʦĻش˵ĸɾ䡣
ǰǰǵطʲô˫ֱĿʦ˵ô룬ҿԱ֤ԺҲйҪҲȫӦ㡣
Ȼ֪ʲô㼸ǧ꿪һΣǽȥģ˵̲йѵйİ̳Աܶôʦʵ񶫣Ұף淢ܲҵĻ
ܲǲ֪մܲܵ𣿡վЦ׾ţȻ֪ػ귢ʲô飬֪һ£մ϶ǿӵúܲң˵Ҫոһ˭أ᲻ȥ쳯أ
λãҿԱ֤ոЦ
ȥģգɱһΣȻɱڶΣб¸ԡʦͻȻվһɰɢ˳
˵ʦͻȻͱôôһˣʦɢŰԵϢһ˳߲ĸоֵһۣ˻ĸо
ȿȡ񶫿ʦ˵Ĵˣıֻ̳ɣ쾡£Ҫһˣŵˡ
˵꣬һɷ֮Ҳ񶫵ɢ˳ɷ֮Ũܵ˼㣬Ҳվϵǹɷ֮ȻʦϵİѷһҲֲúܡ
ѹˣѹô㡣ʦһЦ˵ٹϵĹǰĹ֮⣬Ѿȫ룬˰ɣ
õ͵ʧȥϴôɷ֮ڶʱٹͻԲԣʦһ𣺡ץֳԱȥ
Ҳȥ񶫳Щ˻˻֣Щ˵˵ͷȻת˳ȥ
һ֪Ҫɣæ϶¥һ£һҵLL˶Ӱ˺Ҳ˹ȥģϻ࣬һ٣һקתܳ˱
ܳԺЩ̵ѾûӰץֵ˶ܵʱ׼ˡ
Lϳ֮ǰĵطͻȻʹһɲˣһɺɫɷֱӾͰǱΧ治ʱһĺ¡
ʱLҲԺ˹һ۾Ϳң侲ʣʲôˣ
æɰȻҰĴ¾LL˵ͷҲĿűǱߵ
˴ʱĶţȻҸоʦӦûʤһһģһʦˣȺ˵İΣûˡ
ֻдڼʻϣ˵ģ׾Ǽһ˽úܣȻǱ˺ܶ࣬׾棬Ҳµ飬׾Ųʵ顣
ʲô飿ҿŴʣʦ֪飿Ҫ񶫣
ٺһЦ˵Ҷ˽⣬ôʬɡ
ǸˣҪ֪ʬǿɶһֱǻɢûĻᣬǾȻҵյķ׾ſ϶븴ˣ׾ǼһﻹǶڻ
˭Һʣһ̫ˣҶܺ档
һʬ׾ֵܣػΪˣ׾ſ϶븴ɡ˵⣬ҲһЦ⡣
ʬҵ˵ͷô˵ˣҲ̤ʵ˲٣ĺ¡ڼҲһһĳ飬ʦ


403 Ҫһ
Ź˶ʮӣǱĺ¡ŽСһӴɷȥȥʧǵҰ֮С
һᣬʦһüߵ⳵ԣһţ˸ʻλϣæʣʦôˣ
ôСŸ磬ʵʬķ𣿡Ťͷʦʣʦҡҡͷ̾˵ʵˣǰ취̫ˡ
˵ʦҲ¶һʧģ˿ҽԵټˡ
ʲô취ʦ˵˵¡ںǰʦʡ
ʦͷһۣ˵ʬֶ֮࣬˾ԶʧûиĻᡣ
أֵʡ
ʦ˵һû˵أǸ࣬Ȼڽʬձܹһĳݣ
ԭЩձа̵Щֱ֮Ӹգ֮ʵйŴ£ֶܶװɣһׯüׯݼ
ֵжܸߣֻҪһ֣éɽֶ֮֮˵׵㣬ԡҺͽʬиԼᡷǵһ仰˵ǣǾͻʵ֣žʲôҲûС
֮Ҳ֮ɴοձǧգǲܡ
ʦ֮ôʧΪֻãǸʬûá
ڸô죿ҳʦʡ
ʦ̾˿˵Ѿ񶫵Ŀе֪һºձе̨תһĿսȻҰй֮񣬴ӭմ񡣡
ڵ˺һһʦʦ˵ͷ֮Ϊ£һ֮򲻹
L˵ֱӴ˵绰Ȼ绰Ǳ˵ʦлվˡ
ֻкйиˣհ㻹Ǹ鷳ʦüͷ֪ҵʱƴҲҪסձ
˵Щûʦȥϵ˰ɡҰ˰֣и߸ĶţҲϹˣôѾܰʲôæˡ
ȻʦҲǴ˺ܶ绰ϵйĸ֣ʦ˵ձ߳˸֣û˵̫ࡣ
Ǳǻظ¶Ǻõģû⡣
Щһձ֪ʵƾ͵ʦˣϾ̫ΣˣҲʲôѰֶˡ
ձи֣ѲɸձһҪձ˵ɵӲء
ʦ绰ϵ˾ǸձʩѹձЩ̨ЩĿձǱߵĻӦܼǲӦ
Ҳ֪ôͨձĹȻǱصν񣬵ʼǸ֣һǸʮ֣κεоԵʵвǵ
ʱһʦʹĹ쳣æµڻЩִʦ
Ҳֱŵıʮධʱʱһ࣬ʮධһٶ򣬻һµʦˣʦں˵һձʱŻڡ
ôôʦʦҲǲ˵
ʱҺҲֻձϵ棬Lһģһ
˵Lĺ˧һңLһϽֹ䣬ձߵĳLߴﹾ˵һѻоǱװɡ
LĮƿӣһǻ˲ûĽ챧ԹԼĸԼˣûL
ʱԽٽոʱ˵վԽȡ
˵ʦͦιģʮʮʿУЩһʱ򻹿Ϳ˵ʲô׾СѣҶȫԸơ
˰£ʦоһֱƭ˼Ҳ̫Ͱǣʮˣ˵ڶʮ˵ۣϱŮҪָҪߡ
òװȺƭˣʦ߰ĸʦģѶʦģЩ˳ҲûǮ
һĶ߲ˣʮƽʮɣǵϾԽԽ
ԭԺֵģòֺʦԺ󣬳ĥԼôдʱʱдֻǡ
ҲǱʦȺ˶ԽԽ仰û˵ЩСûأǾ׼ˡ
ʦҲֻʮʮץֵĳԱкܶʵȽϲСԱȫʦˣǵܿ͵һٶʮˡ
ýĲȫͷкܶˣɶģøоҲ
ʦʱҲܴ󷽣֪жܶˣǸоԲЩ˰ɣһٶʮҪǮȫˡ
Ҫǰ죬ʱʦ˽еһпᣬһٶʮˣڴоúܡ
жλܶ඼ǲ֪ģܶڶԹңףȸλ˵Բ𡣡ʦͿһ£Ȼ˵εȷϾַֻˡ
ǮܿյҲ̫š
ʦЦ֣˵ʵͨǿɲ°ȥԲԣʱֵȥˣð޳λţٷô
ʱɫÿرЩģʦ仰ֻͨΪʲôûˣȴһ
ȥһһʦղŵĳŵȥٷգ
رЩ׼ˣһɫǣǵȥһҲǣǱûˣ˵ȥȵɶġ
׾СѷģаħǵȻҪɱʵ㲻ҹǰҹ󣬷£Ҳģɱǵı֣׾С̫ˡ
Ҽǵ˵ͷǰ첻ǻҺôд߼иĸ޶ôơ
˵Һ綼ؼҵķɻƱˣû뵽ھȻôߣ˵ôһȻ
˵úãֱұĿģʦЦе˵ô˵ˣһȥģð޳Ÿлվվְλһһ¥ڶҵģйӳְλǰλȥģڤһǧڣһ׷ӣеظסȨǰȥġ
ʦ˵Ÿֵջ󣬾͸ӹЩһ˵ʲô998˳Կϵɶģ˴Ҫһ֮ġ


404 Ұ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣܿ͵սٵ죬һʮҲ͸ϵҰ档
֮ǰҾ˵ҰһֱΪձʲô羰ʤһɽ棬ʱʧˣĸɽ
ɽȫӲݣֻԼĿɽϵһЩƾɵ
ҰԱߣһҵĸ룬ҵ˵ͷ˵Ұôõطôӵ
Ƕƨʦһ䣬Ȼ˵طڹŴʱձ𳯰ݣ˽һֱձʥĵطȻ￪ξʲôġ
ҵҰһЩׯȻһƬϢҺȻǸʦһӡ
ʦüĿŰյҰҲ֪ЩɶҾͺʣʦɶأ
ϻиȶءʦŰգ˵ߣ
ߣʣⲻ񻰹Ķô
ʦҡͷ˵Щ񻰹ν񣬲ħˣֻں汻ԽԽ񣬵մձ񣬶ǴձȻǽʬ˵ĵиһֱ
ξͿôˣǰյֿЩйˣǺ϶ַһԿ
ҿʦݣʣǺ̫үأ
֪ͨˡʦ˵ǲûиһӦЩֵԺǿйǵĵ̣ԲŻ֣ǵձǾͲһæˣϾ֣ǰߵǳˣԽˣĴɡ
ҵ˵ͷȷ̫үǲæҲֲǣȻѾ˶ıԣʼǶģкǿԡ
˶ڵȴȴǸʬյĽ١
ҲԽԽˣЩһͦŵģԭЩ˷һӣһȾƻȭһģǸҪԼԼĨӣȻһȥ
ҹĻˣɫһʦȫֹֻͣȻˣΪһ飬ΪʮС飬ȻҰյĸʽտʼͳȥҡ
ǲŲɵո֮ٿȻҲ֪Щ֮жһ뵽ձ˵ýֺͷҲ֪ͨ
ҺȻһС飬Ȼɽ·ߣҰܸߣ˰Һߵ˰ɽ
һ׼أһץסңҾֵʣɶǻûɽأô߲ˣ
ƨأ㣬ȥɶȥڻҰ磬ˣָöΣأĵĴ⣬Ҹط˯һһнˣܳȥ¡
˯һǴ򲻹أȻʦ˶ˣܳձˣô죿һֱ˯𣿡ҳ練ʵ
һɫҲһڣԵģֱ֪˾ͻؼҵģӣ߰߰ɣҿɸ㣬ҪƵϳ壬ҿɲȥ
ֲɵӣôȥء˵ߡ
ܿҺ͵ɽҰɽ֣ɽһЩߣһСȻСϲɽɽȻһܴƽ̨ƽ̨濴ͨĹ㳡һ滹ʯ壬ƽ̨ܵԨֻһ
ǸյذҿɽࣺһСȥһֻҪŸǹһ򵱹Īĳ档
ҪСһ׿оһ׿·ܴҪСԱ߾ԨһСĵȥǷǵĳ档
ģҾͿɮ˿ʼŸֵߵǸɽʼ
ͻȻҾ͸оҵĺԱһסˣҵֱǹæ˫־ʣ磬ɶ
һܸJB
һͷһ£ŸīһһǹԴһ磬˰һıͷڵء
óҺˣҺʱҲɵˣôᱻֵأ
ϸһף走ҺΪ˹۲ɽ̫ܵˣֱӾ˸ˣ˰ҺץסԺҲѯʲô⣬Ҳġ
ѺҺͽȻһСӣͰҺ˽ȥ


405 磬ô𣬸ĸ֪
ҺֱӱҲûɶֱӾͰӸ
ڸô죿ҳԱߵʣȷʵû취ˣû뵽ֱӾͱץˣҲ̫˰ɡ
զ֪ȰɣһǸֱɱ˵
ͻȻСӵžʹˣһŮ˽ȻСӣСӴúƯŤƨߵǰЦеʣ磬ô֪ͨ˼ңᰡ
ⲻϲôҲһɫԵģֻ۾ֱĿСӵظ˵ô㷭һô
ᡣСĴһ£ʣ磬㼸⣬㲻˵ɣ
ɶ
˶أԱֲĵͼ֮ģô˵Ҳͬģܲܲ˼ҰɡСЦǺǵʡ
ɶԱֲĵͼü˵Ҳ֪
˼Ҷ˵ˣǸˣҿɲ̲˵úÿ¡СȻһЦݡ
ҿһߵ磬һ治֪׾ǼһֱӾˣҲûʲôλãҾеͼҲ϶ǲס
Ӱ治֪ʵ˵
СһҲֻ˵绹Ӳ˵ҳһѼ˵йŴһ̷й̶԰ɣ
֪ˣ֪ˡ绹ûС˵ʹ𣺡ҼˣҰĵͼңҸ
ⲻͶôСóһŵͼһֻʽ磬Ҳ߶ʮһ򹴣Ժ˵ǵķֲͼˡ
ţСӵͷŵͼ΢΢ü˵Ƿֲͼ֣ҡ
һͼһ走һﻭСͼء
СӻǸоһԸųɣһɶ˵Ȼŵͼת˳ȥ
磬ţƣܰƭȥҳĴָ
һɪǣ˭ֻϣʦˣʱͼҲˣҪҵĻ군ˡ
ʱͲ˵ˣֲҪңһôˣҲΪ
û뵽ǣʮӣͿʼ˱ץˣСӺܿװˣСʱͰһץ˶ʮ
ԣһɽأ浽Ӳݣ֪ôҵģݣ
ëڵضţֱӸˣЩһǲ״ذ
ݣ洫ĹˮüСʱҶһﶼץģ˵һһﻭĵͼץǵģǼһɶJB˰ǲ㰡

ıԹڼЩһԭһһȫҵطˣνĵͼҳˡ
ʱҲװˣСӵĽ仭ȦȦأҿһ磬ߵԱʣ磬Ѿǲ㰡ô㸸ĸ֪𣿡
үģզ֪ЩһôЩطһġСĸ˵
ˣˣЩһȫڱԹԼصöãǱץסˣǻ˵±˷ĵͼ
Ȼץ˺ܶˣҵĵ׷̤ʵ˲٣Ͼ֮ǰֻҺ类ץǶɶй˶ץһ࣬ˡ
ҪɱˣҲһҪɱҵ
֪˶ãֻʲôȫˣʱ䣬оҲ˺üСʱɣܿСӾʹŶʮ˽ˡ
СָЩץ˵ȫѺ̳ȥ
СӸ˵ܵԱ˵Ͳˣζץסôˣлл硣
ǶʮһͷɶĻУһ޹˵ԩ
ֻԩ˶ӸȻѺɽ
ʱϾȻ£ǶʮȫѺɽɽѾжʮľǶľ棬ܶ
ǱסĵطɽߵλãԱ߾ԨֻҪһȥǷǡ
ʱкܶɮڲü̳ƽ̨мǸָӵķҸ
һúʥɮߵ̳ģͳһ飬ʼ￪ʼߴﹾ
һӿվԱ¼
̳Ա߻жʮɮˣҲǹڵϣߴﹾǶʮǹһ䱸ĿǶʮˡ
ͻȻǸɮ˾Ȼò̫׼ģ˵ӻǰĹڣ˸һĿʼձմ½䣬Ϊϴа񣡡


406 գ
ʵͦ㲻׵ģձģΪʲôʱҪٻսأ
ʱҵһɻ󣬺ΪձĻԴйܶйŴķġ
ΪԵʱŻٻս
ͻȻϵʼıɫңԶ˷ԶĵطԼһ
ӭմ
ĺձڴˣЩΪֻǵ̨һսĿԭҲ֪ԽԽ쳹ա
Ҳǣһڶ˵ĺͻȻͿϸ΢ɫż̳
⣬Ӧþ֮ˣ
ʹЦأڲѵոɱ
ץֳԱ뷨ºҲ࣬ʹȴû˿ЧӰرĽʵ
ͻȻɽ洫һ˴
һϲʦ
⵷ҵĳʦҲûˣɽЩɮ˲ɽĴרĵٻա
ͻȻһӰ嵽棬ŰСɰһȻ磬翴һЩŵ˵λңҵʱŪģϽģһǣ
Щԭǵĺ˱Ϊ˱סˣоƲʲôˣԶǶԱƨ
ҪЩɫǵעǷӦͱɰˣҳȥһܿµĺһȥһһֱӱ¡
ˡ
Щ˷Ӧ֮׼ǹǹҪյģ֮ǰǹڿ㶵߻𣬶ûա
ôǿյĻᣬȥ˴һֱʮˣʣʮǶʮҲæ˫־ߴﹾ
ȺһҲձڰģͰ̵бʵ𣬿ڿĴȥһľͰʮȫ¡
һ˶ûˡ
ӭմ񣡡
ʱĺԽԽϵɫܿɽϷһ״λû۳һʮֱԭ壬ʱɫ֮棬һɿֲϢʼǸɫɢ˳
ָоô˵ֲ
δйĸоǵĳҲûָоɫŸҵĸоͺԺ嫵һ㡣
ܣҺԥҪ£ԣ˵ܸС˵һõʲô˶ܴԽ£Ҹоʱĸо
ͻȻɫɢһɿֲѹҸоΧĿŨ͸оˮһ·ΧĿ衣
ͻȻɫͷһ嫵ޣƽɨİ˻ģɾ͵λ񳯰ݣԵ̫ޣˣ޴ۣգ
һɺ嫵ɫдأձϵ˶ûҪȥĳ嶯
ѹ
ҿҪȥʱͻȻͻȻһɷԣϴŵǿŵزķҲ˾ҵķ⡣
ɷҵסѹԱЩץ֣磬ȫ˵ϣ
ѹ˲䣬ͻȻбһɾҵİ
ʦ
𣬵ģ˵꣬ʦӽһһĴС
У˶ҶȻûйȥҲѹѹţ˿á
ڵ֮գҿ㵽жǿɣʦŽǸɫһ
ɫ汻һ޴ѺۣԼٶ
תǿɱңûȥǱ㵹ˣҲãʡңǸеȻЦһɼŵ˵
ҺҪ԰ɣɲܲԲԣգ߽㣬츣ͻȻдӵ
Ӵʱ˫۾Ȼɫ۵ĽʬⲻǴ˵еĶ𣿽ʬߵȼǺۣǴ˵лһ߼ģ۽ʬйʷϴûֹһֱѺ۶λʬߵȼû뵽ƽʱɽ¶ˮģȻ۽ʬ
Ǵ񣬴ʱƾյķϣӱǳһĶɫģͣĻš


407 æ
ǾɣսɣɫͻȻһɾҵЩɮ˵һʱͱǸ֮Уȥֵ˲䣬ʮ߸ʬһѪûˡ
ЩҲʼ˱˽ȥһץס磬֪ΪʲôȻҸойɾ޴ҽȴһ˿æ𣺡ȫץסң
ЩץֵĳԱһĳ͸СʱӥץСһһץһˣûȥ
ʦһӽһ˳ͳƬɫš
ʦȥûãֹͣҲһһԼĳ򣬳˽ȥȴûгȥܵǵߣֵʣ磬㲻ȥæ
Ȼҵ顣һ䣬С·
һȺӰɽһȻǰ̵ˣóǰ棬ˣڱǡ
һϻ±һӴɷҲǲʾֱӾͳȥ񶫴Щ񶫴ҲǺǴ
Щ˶иֵайǸɶģȺһԵ͹ǣҺͲ˵ˣˣҪôץֵģҪôʦĸˣҪ֪ʦݣʵȻ
񶫴˸ǴģľͰǸ£Ҳĸڴе£ˡ
磬ڸô죿Ҽ񶫴˸֮Ҳûˣգˣﲻæȥƾˣ񶫺սҲﲻϡ
񶫴ʱѹֻǿԱܿ춼ˡ
֪走֪ձƵطˡµ˵֮ǰҪס磬ƾ͸ڵЩʬһˡ
𣡡
ͻȻǸɫŷһŭ϶ԶֱֱĵӰʦӣʱʦ԰ףǻѪԭ·Ҳõˣϵû˿ڡ
׾ţʲôôһôˣӵͳԱߵʦʦ˭֪֮ôˣ
ʦ˵Ժǡһ̫ϾȼȻ³һѪѪһУֻѪӣֻѪӳԺԼٶų򣬳йķ˹ȥ
ģɫɢһɫ۵һЩ֮仯ɵ֮ϡ
Ӧþˣû뵽տʮ꣬ʮֿΣŮɱֵͣر֮ϣһɲһĸоɢ˳
Щ˸Υң֮ϣЦ
ʦЦЦˣǶɱɱһνġкѣ
һʦĻɫ΢䣺ǵɱˣ
ϻ˵ղֻǸˣʦ˵꣬ձһ˵Ϊһǧڴˣҵ֮ϣʤ𣿡
ԣ
ͻȻйķһǵصķ˹üƣ˵˸˼ˡ
죡
ҿǹƣǹһɵǵϷͳ˹
˲ľ͸סա
𣡡
շһŭԭΧЩ˲䱻ɢ
˼˼̧ͷյû뵽֮⣬쳯Ȼ
˵ѣͻȻһףʮ׵߾ȻֱӴϷ˹ֲ߾Ȼаֻͷǿֲˡ
ô𣿻˭ɣһνˡտЩһĳ˿ûоŵʮֵЩˡ
û뵽֮˿ֲʦ۽ʬӣ죬ߣһһܣ϶۷Ȼǲ¡
ҪôоԵӮҪôSBģƬķ֮أ˹ң٣ôҲSBô϶оԵˡ
ѾġʦһӽͳȥʼҲǳһ𣬳ȥƣ죬ߣһȥ
ƸסգôڴģξͲñ׻ˣӰһһæҲﲻϡ
һӣϷĸӰʦǣǳҲǱûˡ
ĸǱ˲䣬źɫҲʧտûһȻǸ֮ϣ·ûҡ
տǱЦһ̧ͷһգʣӦû˰ɣûĻҿɾͲˡ
˵ųһɫĹţǾͶ
ͻȻǵϿվͳһɫķϣסɫš
ӷʩȻѾοơͻȻһձɮ˵ܲϣһ֪ˣǿպ
պʦ߹ȥ˫ֺʮһ
պ㻹ûտϺоȵ˵
ԭŽʦЩû뵽Ȼ֡պʦ˫ֺʮ˵
ЦһʣôΪƾɱ㣿ûĸ˵ıʲôҶ
֪򲻹㣬ֻȰຣͷȻǳ֮ΪλҪɱպʦʡ
ʣУ㻹û״ɣҪɱҡ
ӷ𡣡պʦҡҡͷ̾
аɣǶȥչһЦ
ͻȻҵһһһּ¶СһӰּ֣¶֡
Ӱ˭
ģӰһֹͣˣҳþȻһģһ
۾ͣһģһ˿
⵽˭
һﴩһõģǸУ˫ֺʮĳ˵ʩá
˭Ŀҳһģһļһ
պʦȻֵĿˣæ£һ˵Сɮպӭز
Ҳز𣿡ԱߵֵĿǼһȻʡ
զ֪üͷֵ˵Ҷֵֺĸо
زϵü˵ЩѵҲЩ׵飿
쳾ҺθɣպеĵزЦһ£Ťͷһ˵»ԣá
˭ʡ
ǵزµĶǡһһˣ֪ǵزһһתɣһﾹȻǵزǶǣ
ˣհһæһ￪˵


408 ʧ
ֱֻʱ䣬Ѿʮˣ߳䣬ϴһ£վڲŲԼҵ
ҷֲʵξҸоǰ͸һһ㣬ֹĹǳϵĽʬ
ÿΪǰֻһξʱȴǿЩӦóʵĶʬ
벻𵱳Ұʲô飬ֻǸԳƵزĶǵ˳֣ұ˲ʧȥ˼䣬һعѾɶԼļС
һĻ磬Ұֵˣʦ죬һٶץֵˣǸۼձ֮գȴƾʧһ㡣
ʧ磬ʱҰ죬һΣһҲѾȥˣʦȴϢ
زʲô飬ʲôҲ֪ҲǺһʱֱ˹ȥ
磬ˣϰȥߵķţһ㲵˳
Ұ鷢Ժ쳯ץֳԱͳͳʧ쳯ĺܶץĴʦҲʧ˼䡣
ҺȻǼ縺ˣץ˵ҪʮʡС飬ҺĻʲôЩ˿ҺǽʣµץֳԱȻίΡ
ʵ˵˾棬ϣǹ˹ҺʣץֳԱݵеãСЧ
ץֵȫʧˣСȺף˭
ʦǵʧеСĳԱԼصҲиֲ²⣬޷ǾǺͬھҪʦ׷Ϊʿʲôġ
λʦĸȴˣλʦĸʦô׵ĹңҲţҪǣʦˣƾڵظĹϵܸϸαƽɶġ
һģǿˡһԹҲ֪׾Щϼһȥˡ
֪ҡҡͷ˵ܺ͵زйء
㲻˵ϻô㲻ǵزôϽ˵˵㵽ɶƻ粢ǵһˣһ춼ҪҺüΡ
֡Ұһ˵ȥִЩɣһԼ顣
֪͵ȥȥɡҡͷԵԼȥϴ
ʵȻ˵ۣ޷ǾһЩļСĸ飬羭ɶģҺͲÿֱǩ־ˣϾЩļ涼Ѿѡˣǩֵġ
ҽҲкҪ飬ţرҪĵ˼٣˵棬һһĴ£ҵԺƨƨߵܽԼķ䣬˼п˺͸ţп㡣
Ȼķ䷭ĹˮԼ磬оиˡ
ȻǮܵ¥µ꣬˸ͣԺһʱ䣬ʮһˣ˸ʿ峤;վķȥ
˳վ˴߰˷Ӱѣҵֻһ㣬绰Це˵Ůû
ˣϽҡǱһ˵æҶϵ绰ŵĳھ͵ȴܿ췲һɫķ»Ÿī˳
ϻĶЩаһò١
߹ȥ˳һӹЩаصҲ᲻Ҿʣ㣬ǹĻǰҵİôණ
԰Ϊ˲ڳɶӣ˾ѹɶúÿ㣬ʡһˡ
ϱ˯һ˵óȥסתȦˣԭΪأû뵽Ժڳɶˡ
ֲģ˵ùҺ͸Ů˵䣬㰡㿩֨֨ЦԵ鲻
ǣҾԲġ˵绰ͻȻҵͷһԣɺɺ
ι绰ʣɺɺɶ°
ӣڳأҪɶˣСӼݡɺɺܺá
ȿȡҿһ۷㣬Ҿ˵ɶæˣԼڳɶɡ
ͻȻҼһ£ŤͷһҴΰ£Ȼɺɺɺɺһѩ׵޷ֻƤʣɶҪڳվ
ѵǸ㣬СѾͷǸһ𣿡һô뿴ҵķӦһ
ҿָŷ˵Ůأҵ鵱ȻҪ
Ҳ¶ĲܺɺɺһֱˣһЩ˵УȻǺ
û뵽ɺɺŷͷƤʣ㣬㲻ҹƽɣ


409 ʬϮ
һɺɺ˵⻰ʶľ͵ɺɺǰ棬·һɺɺһȭͷ
Ҫ֪һȭͷҶܲˣ˵ɺɺСˣҪǷһȭôҲýҽԺɸ졣
û뵽ȴص˵û°ֻҪԸ⣬˸߶û⡣
˿ĭȻ˵÷ƵģҪҸɺɺˣԼȥظɡ
źߣлɺɺ˵žҵ֣ҵ־˵ߣӸ磬ҳԶȥ
ʱҲ˵ȥ·
˵귲Ҳסһֻ֣˰
Ҵʱǵƿɺɺ˵ðҪô˵ŮˣҲѣοأ
ɡɺɺʹҡͷ˵Ҫƽ˵ˣ鶼飬̸ʲôĲǺô
ȿȡһȰأͻȻҵֻݣ淳绰룬Ӵģֱҵ绰
һĵ绰ʱӯԵģƽʱҴ绰ҾͷҸо͸Ҿһ
Ҳûҵһӵ绰Ǳ˵ӣأˡ
̫ˣһһ˵磬أϹ
ëõģ²򵥣Ͻؾ֡˵ꡣ
æ已ɺɺ˵λ㣬˼ͻȻе㼱¡
һƭҵģУ׼ߡɺɺʹסҵֱۣһ
оӣɫһһҾ˵㣬ˣ㣬㲻·ô橣㲻Զôȥְɣҵģұôˡ
˵ҰȾܳ˻վ֮ǰ㵽ϲҲǱɺɺĵ嵭ˡ
˵ɺɺɺɺôƯӣֶԼôϲ˵ˣƭԼġ
ˣЩԽԽæ˸ʿ徯ȥˡ
Һڵľֻʼʵϰľ֣ҽţЩеľ춼ҴкҺȻǲֱֳ֪˵
Һǽ𱦱һϾǽʣµץֳԱ⾯ϰ࣬Ժٸʱ
ͬģֵľֳɲֹһҺȥ칫Һ̫鷳ûطֳҲҺ粻ҺҲһֱ⾯ϰࡣ
ҴҴһӦЩˣ˵ҰƽʱܺǺһᣬҴ绰˵£Ǿˡ
֪Ƿӣûʲô£ǾԲҴ绰ҽлġ
ҳİ칫ңһüڰ칫ϣ߹ȥʣɶ˰
ôͻˣһΪ㻹ᷲٹأ̧ͷֵĿһۡ
ˣ绰ֱҵľݣϽ˵ɶ°ɡʡ
нʬˡָһݱļ˵
ʬ˾ǰûɡֵ𱨸档
Ȼ쳯ĸֶʧˣٲִڵģС黹кܶˣһֻ̫ĽʬΧ֮Ҳ϶ɱҲҺɶ°
ļһɫʱͱˡ
ɽ̨һʮũʧ죬ؼԺȴֵֹģҲԷܿ˷Լ󶼱ҧˣѪҺˡ
ʱǻΪĸģĸﲻ·˸ɵģû뵽ȴ˼ʧ˱żĲҧһںȼѪʱ˸оԾˡ
ʱΪ˻ʲôֲ͵ҽԺȴҽԺҧˣҧҲǿʼ־㱵״Ҳǿʼҧˡ
ô£ݱ棬Ѿʮ˱ҧȥŶȣҵ
ʬҧˣǵͼʬӦǺ۽ʬȻһȼĽʬ˱ɽʬҪʬľѪ˰ʮ˱˽ʬӦǺ۽ʬЩҲȫĽʬֻʬ˰˰ʬüͷ˵Լļ⡣
ųֻ̂һطˣɽضʼ֡üͷ˵룬Ӧһֻȼ͵Ľʬڵɢʬ
ţҵ˵ͷü˵Ӧ۽ʬʵȽϵ͵Ľʬ类صʰˡ
еصҲ𣿡ʡ
Ȼƺأʵ쳯ضʱзֻϢͨ˽ӴѣҺĸļУȻ٣ҲûС


410 ǰ̨
ô򵥾ͺˣƲһ˵룬ʲôʬҧ˾˱İ˰ʬ
üͷҡҡͷ˵֪ǳĽʬһ˱ɽʬӦǶͨעԼľѪҧ˻ɱˣҲʬ䣬߱ʬֵ飬ȴҧһһŶԡ
ԣͨʬҧˣȻʬʬƽʬױʬ֣ȴôȫɽʬ˵Ҳ²ֻʬһֱĽʬ
ģüͷ˵ͷΪʲô˵Ǵˣʬټ޷ǾǳһЩı仯ֽʬѶԸΪ⣬ҲҵԸİ취ͺñֻʬҧһˣʬͻʬ֡
ʱˣΣӰҧˣһʮʮ٣þòʰ
˵ô죿ҿʡ
΢˼һ˵ȥҳ
ֵʣõصֲ𣿡
˵أֲǲ֪ڵˮȫˣ˻ûȥɶ˵ôˣȥ׼һ£Ǿȥ̨Ǳߣ취ֻʬ
šҵ˵ͷ˵ģȻʵզأգֽʬҶˣЩͨĽʬһ治ҷϡ
˵ԺҾת߳˰칫ңҼͷɺɺһûأǷĵһһˡ
ԡԼ̫Ѩͷۡ
ôͷҲȥԲУͳ绰㲦˹ȥܿ췲ͽ˵绰ʣʲôˣ
ڵ绰ŵİֻʬ˷㣬Ȼ˵Һȥ̨취ŪǸʬ
Һһȥձ㲻ȥٲȥҾŪ㡣ֱڵ绰вˣ΢һ˼ôʱҺһɲֻʬ˵ܴء
ҽʬֶ˾ҧֻʬĵȼͣҺȥʲôĻûóҧˣһȥ˵ܰϴæ
뵽⣬ҲپܾǴӦ
ˣɺɺ׼ô죿鼫ǱЦǺǵ˵
㣬ҿǶһİѾͷƾͼʣʾһˡ˵귲һ˵Ѿͷʵ㲻һ£
ǲǡæҡͷԵģЦأҪ˵£ؼҾ͵÷С
⻹ࡣڵ绰ǱЦģȻȻ֮ǰڳվһںŮôһŮĺԼء
ǲ֪ЩYYС˵ô㶨һŮˣǽƣһڵģȻҲûˡ
ʦˣλʦĸȻƽʱżһ£û֣ʦʦĸͦġ
Ȼҽгɺɺͷһȥ˸ɺɺǸԻһ̵ƬӲԣҲ֪ΪʲôôܳԣĻû֡
ԺҺͷһɺɺݣ˸䣬Ȼˣ컹飬ɲܸѾͷڵ̫ˡ
صͻˣɳϿأϾһֱڲ˵ʲôطָˣʲôطʲô£ǱϲǣЩʬϮ˵ȴӲ
Ҳϰˣʵ˵ǴģϾ̨ֻܱһЩõ飬Ȼ챨ʲô˻ϰҲģϾܶ㲻ϰնϢԵ档
ҸʣµǼ䷿ʰ˳Ȼϴϴ˯ˡ
ǰɺɺ̫ˣһϴֱӾ˯ˣҲûʲôΣ۾һһǵڶˡ
ԺĿʱ䣬ϰ˵㣬Ҵ·ܵϴһ£ܵӣҲͿʼʰ˶
Ұѽмʰ˱ʵҶþûùˣҪһֱûлãЩ̫̫ûӵĻᡣ
ͺñ統յʱ˼ҶһһеķţܲȥɣԼˣǸоԼˣ
Ҹоࡣ
֮ˣֻʬܲǱ̬ȻҺҲһȥʰˡ
Һ磬Ϸ㣬һȥȥ̨ĻƱ㿪ʼںȺ


411 ʰʬ
̨ɽ˷ɻȻֱӴ˸ʿ̨ܾǰȥ
˲³⳵һʮľվھֵĴţģǸϽӭ˹ȥЦǺǵ˹ʣλǳ»Ժɣҽһ£ҽ鿵̨̾Ӷӳ
áæ˵˼̾ӳھſڵ죬˼
ôɻ˰ɣѾҵˣȥϢһɡ鿵æ
ʵҺҲûʲôһ·ûܿ鿵ü֮еһǳҾ˵ŴģûɶϢģǻȽȥⰸӵɡ
á鿵ȻǵǸӣһҲǰ·ȥ
Ǹ鿵ֱӾߵֵĺ棬ֵĺһӣרЩ˵ģ鿵ָǶ¥˵Щҧˣȫ棬Ҳȷʵûˡ
߹ȥù鿵֮ǰıóһа˵磬ȥһǿ
š鿵˵ͷȻͳֻ绰Ǳ߷Ըһᣬܿ죬Ƕ¥ѺһƤڵ˳
˱ɻڲͣһˣʱüͷ޵ɢһʬеҺһۡ
˵ȴ棬ﲻð¡
˵Һ߹ȥѺˣ鿵ǰ·һνⰸӲȤ
鿵˺ˣ֮ܰΪˣʬ֣ͽһʷ˵С档
磬ʵɣȥԺҾͳ鿵ʣ鿵˵ͷ˵Щˣ
鿵ҲǼ棬ʬֵʱû¶ͨ˵ֿ־ı顣
ҺһۣаֱʬֵĶͷϣ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
һ꣬ʬֻȻͷĵطʼһɺɫʬ˳˲˵ϣ֮ǰһһʱڵܿٶȸܿ͸õһµһȳҲϷ˳
鿵棬ֱѧ֮Ҳɫ䣬ʬ壬ЩʬǹҲû뵽λһ˳ףλǵǿ
Ǻܼ򵥵Ķˡҡҡͷ鿵û飬ΪЩʬޱȣҺȴһϲĲЩһﲻһЩͼʬ֣ǽʬ˽ʬۡ
ͳһѼ򵥵аݸ鿵˵磬鷳þֵ˰ЩЩʬֵĶͷϣȻҾЩʬˡ
á鿵һЩʬ֣ɫϲæת˳ȥҿ鿵ȥԺ󣬾ͳͷʣô
Щʬ̫ˣܼ򵥵ҪôֻҧǵĽʬ˵ôֻʬ⡣
š˵ͷҵ뷨Ҳͷɣֻʬ˵ĵĶ
ɡҵ˵ͷȻ߳ӣʱ鿵ѾԸȥЩʬ÷߽Ƕ¥һ䣬Щ͸ó˯ڻ֮µʬ
Ȼʮֻǻǲʱ䣬Щʬ֣ѾĵˣЩ쿪ʼϵЩʬļȡʬؼҰᡣ
ҺҲǶǵļȥ֮һˮϺõĵطᣬЩʬ嶼ʬģҵĹطˮУᵼЩʬٴʬ䡣
Щʬ֮ҲѾˣ鿵ҲһظЦǺǵҺļ˵ǰˣлλˣȻȥ칦ɡ
칦绹̫ˣٰǸʬץס˵ҡҡͷǲûи鿵һֻʬҲûá
ʱһɫҲ΢䣬˵ץʬҲҲﲻλץסˣһ̨úõĸлλʱһϯλ
һᣬ鿵ҲǴǵǰǶľƵ꣬Ƶ겢رǾƵɣǾֳľѣҺҲޡ
ǿӣҽϴ˸裬ʱ䣬˵


412 ʬ
Ÿ׼ϢͻȻҴһȻͷ㣬ֵĿʪܵͷʣϴɶ
ϻ׼˯˰ʶ˵
ϴƨϽ·ߡ˵꣬Ҿȥġ
һ˵治Ǽٲʬܰץ𣿵Ȼȥץʬ
Թһˣæ·ʰö˳˾Ƶ꣬İĽֵҾʣȥץֻʬ
üһۿϣȻͳ˼ӣָűձأȥǱң˵ҵ
æܵ·ߣ˸ʿ̨ıȥ̨ıĄ̊́ɽĺߣһ޼ʵĴ󺣡
طʬôҿŴ󺣣ʣóüͷ˵㲻ֻֻ֪ʬʲôϢûУֶ֣ûУתҲҲ
ʱһֱķ㿪˵Ҿ֪û취
㣬ѵа취Ƴ˷һʡ
˵ͷ˵ȻҲѵͲǣ
ǣʣʲô˼
ֻʬ϶ɱ˲ҧ˵ģʬôôֻץ˵⣬˶˵Ѫ
ѪҺһ˵ɣ
ǸϢϾȼܸߵĽʬѾҪѪˣҪѪĿ϶ǵȼѪ˵ǿһСϷ
ʲôСϷʶʡ
ͻȻһ˵˵֪ˣ
ȻǾ͸˵ԭһֽʬĵ
ֵܼ򵥣Ѫڵϻһ󷨾ͻɢһζζͨŲֻнʬŵζرʬ͸ŵƷζһڵһʱܹ
ֵֻԽʬãֻǵȼߵĽʬһ˵ֻͿսʱǸȺٳŻʹִĽʬ֮٣ֵ֪˲ࡣ
ͷպ֪һ£ǡ⺣һջŵĵطջźһͷĴţܿں֮ϣϾûʲô˵ˣǡֻʬ
ܵջ棬ʬķȻҾŽСĵ
ջǽںߣһֱ
˴һСʱûֻʬӰӣҾֵ磺ʬǲûðûЧôֻʬû
㶮ƨһ˵˼ҹûʱ仭ױԸϴɶô

˵꣬ͻȻջŵڴһӰĳ˹Ƕʱ裬ǸӰ
Ӱһ߽ȻһŮģŮɫҰףϴһɫĻɴ˹
˻û߽Ҿʹϸоһʬˣ
ŮĿͦüĿģһ
߽ʮ׵ĵط𽫳׼ȥû뵽ʬȻĿǣüʣǣʲôˣ
ʰģ˵ŽȥʬһҲ¶Ҳ˲ɫ
۽ʬ
һʬһ㣬㿪һûгҴ򣬶Ǽüŵϵķ˵Һԩ޳Ϊʲôҹ
ɱôˣ㻹ΪʲôһаŽͳȥ
һ˹ȥʬֽһ⽫ǽʬĹͷģЩʬܵסġ
һֿһӣɫֵĺ˺üΪҲҲԣЩʬ˵ǶǵǹƵģǹĻ
𡣡ʬ⣬תҪܣҳȥһаĺ󱳣æ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
Ҹֻ꣬ʬĺ󱳺һһɫĹʬҽһǰ
һҲһϲǰҲûа۽ʬǸûɶЧһаȴ˵ҵĵڲ֪ӡ
ⲻЩɱֻʬʱҲ޼Ǭ跨
ͳǸʬĶͷֱȥ


413 
һƳֻʬȥֻʬһ˷籧˹ȥԭһƴȥģû뵽ֻʬԽΪˣס
һѱֻʬסһʱҲŽܹȥһֻʬͱ˹ȥ
ֻʬס磬һھ׼ҧĲӣҵĽʱͱʱҪҧ磬һᱻͱ͸
ʬҲǱ˲ҧ뷨ǵͷ㿪һӦܿ죬ͷ˲䣬죬һҸ첲ҧȥ
û취㿪
簡һҽʬһҧס磬Ҳҧס졣
ûãүǴŮĶ򲻹ĽһҵĽͳȥһŰѻҧŮʬ߷ס
㣬ҪǸͨŮķַӱ̵ˣǸʬüʹԼҸ첲˵
˼̵ַܷˣͷһ磬æҡͷ˵ˡ
Ҳϻȥһ彩ʬԴȥһȻû⽩ʬȻ⽩ʬֱӾƨˣ⽩ʬ㿪ˣһˮϡ
ҪýڵϣǰСѷ죬ǷһֱӰһһ׳Ѻۡ
Һ翴ð࣬ⷲ㵽׵жֲ̫ˡ
ʬҲһ㵽ʲô֣
үҲǱ˸ֿڣһ⽩ʬϣ⽩ʬֱ߷ףݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ҿŷôţƺ壬ȥæأͻȻԱߵ羹Ȼסңɫú࣬ҿʣ磬զˣ
ӣҴΰ£ʬϽһسŴаһʹ࣬˵Żץһɰ˺ֱҧĵطѪֻѪ
ԥһɰȥɰ˿ڵʱ򣬾ȻžһҲ˿ڵλɢ˳
ɰаЧʬЧѣϽһȥŴס۵亹ˡ
һҲǲ֪ŷ㻹ںֻʬһʱǽǸʬģҸæ磬ŷ㣬Ǹʬ򿪣ʬǸϽȥ
ţͷüһҺ磬˵ͷȻһžͰֻŮʬ߽˺ҼŮʬȥɽܡ
Ҳǽ
еʬΣգһСĶʬģҲһ֮ǰľƵ꣬ɽ˸õ꣬˼䷿ס˽ȥ
㣬ϽȥŴףк硣ҽȥͰƵϣüʣͻȻʬô죿
ôܣҲġҳŷһ㿴һۣŵ˵ͷת˳ȥѰŴˡ
ȷһߣҿŻڵ磬ͣڴŤŤȥʮʹģ뷲ĻоΪ˰ȫǵðѾİ
뵽⣬Ҿңȥ˵Сõ껹ɶУƤ޵SM
ޣɶأҡҡͷSM練ɶģȫ
ⲻרҵSMġһʹ࣬ң走ˡ
Ƥ޳һ£ѾıҧˣȻô鷳£ֻʬҲܡ
һû˵꣬ͻȻҾ͸оһʬһͷһȻֻºŮʬԭʹһۣڻʪܵģ¶ɡ
ޣɶأҡҡͷֻʬʣǲɱ㣬㻹еԼҹ
ʵǴģҲǴǾҡŮʬһ˵
㣿üʣʲôþȵģҿɱɱúܻ
ǣʵмᣬǰȥһɽ桭
ԭǸѧǰȥͳɶһɽĵط棬Ľһɽɽһ˵ǿ˴žʵǵԸ
һĻа˸ˣҶܺǸʲôһǸʯţû뵽澹Ȼܳһֻ˵ĺӣӻڣǺӵ
ӳԺҪʲôԸһǰᣬֻһԸĻᣬʱ˶Ϊʲô˿ЦƼȥԸ
Ҳ룬˵Ҫϣഺ
ӵ˵ͷһӣ˲۽ʬȻֻЦǺǵܳɽ¼İ˸ͬѧ档


414 
ȻɱЩͬѧһʣҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ˵ʱĺѪסԱߵһͬѧҧˣ߸Ҳɱǵģ˵Ҫٱң˵ɱ˷Ҳɱ˵ģĲɱˡ
˵Ҳһįʣλʲô취԰ұ𣿡
㣬Ҷҧˣ㣬ʵ𣿡ýʵʵģǲʵ˵
ҲûɱңǶûҸɱˣֻ˵ңҲΨһϣˡʬһϣĿ
ʬ֮ڣҲʵûа취ҡҡͷǵĿһһʹ磬˵˵ֻҺҵҲʱҵֻ˵а취أ
ҲֻסֻʬȻн֣ôСһ治һ֣绹øһֱ޵ֿҺֻʬԱû⣬İΣͲܱ֤ˡ
ҵĻ󣬳Ƭ̣ŵ˵ͷ˵Һһȥ
Ҳڷİˣ走Ҫֻ֪ҺҲûǴĿ֪Ǳӡģʲô
ǿʱѧ۷ϿԳ֮Ϊ㡣ַӡ⣬ǾԲܶԸġ
֪Ǹʲôģ㻹Ҹһ𣿡ҰڳԼвҲ֪Ϊʲô˵֮ҾѾûͷˡ
ǿˣαΪֻҪ취ҧ˵ϰ߸ĹȻɱ
ҰѴµҲʾᾡѹԼҪѪͷȴѹԼ뷨뷨ԽѹøӴֻҪҧˣѪˣֱȥҽԺѪѪˡ
ǶĵòˣһŴ˻һ߽ӣֻʬһȭͷ˹ȥʬҲҺͷӲӲǸҺӣӲӲҲ򲻹㡣
ʬ˺üæȥס˵㣬ȱǽ͡
Ȼæľ¸˷㣬ԺƲǽʬһۣһ˵øʵ㣬ҵһ㡣
вԺ󣬷ĵ˵ͷǸæŴ׿ʼʬ
ʵʱôãҪͨʬģ˰˰ʬˣҺɲͨˣر磬ϼתȻһЩֿʬȻֹʬӵٶȡ
ʵʬûӢ彩ʬ鷳˵ʬûô鷳ԭܼ򵥣ŴֱڴԼϣԼĵЩʬơ
Ȼ˵С˵һõһ㣬ӢӰĲ֮ʬôѣΪȻӢͽܣǱȴûôѧֻİ취
ҺͷŴʹĵŪϰ죬һŴ׶ڣմʬ
ɫҲʼ࣬˲Ұף˿˲٣Ȼʮ
æЩ飬ʲô뷨˵ǣҵǸ˵֪ɽʬףʬǺ֮ѣԣǸܡ
ɹͶ̥תˣ˺͹絽֮ڣʬˣͺñȰʯͷˡ
Ȼֻһʬ˵Ĳࡣ
ҲøᣬڸǱַôֻĵҧ˵ϰߣȥҽԺѪȵϰߡ
òϰҲ㲻϶
Ұʬ֮ͳ绰鿵˹ȥֻ̨ʬѾˣ绰Ǳߵ鿵˳ĸлҪǳԷ
ֱӾܾˣ˵̫ˣ졣
ǶǸСùݵķ˯һҹȻҶǼ£ȻץסǸŮʬͻȻѣŮʬһҹģûʲôĶ
ڶһ˾ȥ˻ƱĵʱŸϻ˳ɶ
صɶ֮ҺŽʬӣǸ˷ӣ۽ʬ˭סʱ绹˵ܿסֻʬɶġ
ֱӾ͸ѾӣʬŸպأ˵Ϳˣ⽩ʬͦƯģҾ²⽩ʬ磬
Ȼ󷲽㻹һȥ⽩ʬЩ·ճƷ֮ġ


415 ɺɺ
ʵ˵Ůʬһ£ʵͦƯģرǱɽʬ֮ɫɷףŮһۣնƯúܡ
⽩ʬ߳¼֮翴۾ˣˮ̡
ҪԱ氮ˣƾ͵ȥ
ҲɫԵ۾ɽʬ֮뷨ʲôѾ˰ɣֻĳЦ¡
ԹԵģӣû뵽㻹ǸŮ緢ĵ˵
ллϾǻ̫죬ܿ˵
ѾģɫԵģϴ绰꣬ⱲӶû׷ˡʵܲ˵ˣģŹġ
𰡣Ը硣ʱͽп˵⣬һԴ˵ˣ㲻˵һˣ컹ûϱ绰ʰء
˵ͳ绰ܵȥ绰ˡ
һֱ䵭ģƯӣҲ۾һ
Ͼ֮ǰһֱǶ֣ҴõģϵʱǴϣûɶϸڴһĺÿ
ᣬסǵԼ¡Сֻ˵׼ѪȻǿ϶а취ɱ㣬㲻ûɡ
ġΪԼһӶöأͻȻڴ·һͨһܲ˵Ҳˣġ
Լ׾ͺã˵˶٣ֻҪıԼǻһͬʣһѡ
仰üͷ˵һͬʣ˵еԱ˵ұϾǽʬ仰𣿡
һɫеֵ˵ʵλǽʬǼܸߵĽʬö࣬ҸɵȻܺһ𡣡
ʬʵûʲôһƵģǾǸýʬҲжˣһ˺ޡ㿴ʣ𣿡
ţüͷ˵ͷƶǶġ
ʵ˵ܼ򵥣ѣͺñԹ˴⣬ͻȻء
Ὡʬ˵ʬѪҺҲ޵ģ˵ѪҺ˵Ǵ⣬ЩѪѪҺڽʬ˵ζûʵѪҺá
ǺܶཀྵʬһѪͺױߵԭ򣬾͸һ
˵ˣϽȥ򼸼·Ժ͸һס˵⣬ͷתҪȥѡ·
ͻȻͿڳżıӰ˵һҪԼԣǺΪѵġ
ллһ𣬻ͷһۣ˵ͷȥѡ·ˡ
ҿżıӰҲĪĸдǿˣǿ϶ܵģûǸ˵һֵֻĽʬҺǺĵġ
·˸߲ҵȥ˸ĽԷῴԺ˲١
ǵ˺ܶˣǼᶼһȤߵ˵ҳЩ˾͸һ˵ʱһóԡ
˰죬ŷԱѪ
ѪѪģȻѪһԣɫ˲٣ԽԽһ߳Լỹ˵óԣԺ󲻺Ѫˣͳˡ
ٺ٣ģüҵ˵ͷóʵǹ˵ġ
ȻʲôĻֻǷĲ˵ģȻѪǲġ
ҲƣϾҲǺģûԶأͻȻһϤӰӻĴ˽
ɺɺ
ʱɺɺһĻͷ̣һСеģʱɺɺɫ΢죬˵ƣ˶һɫԵɺɺԱߡ
ɺɺ˲پƣûϳǣеĿҲʲô˫ɫԵɺɺȥġ
¾͵ƣʹĺȡ
Ҳǲʹɺɺơ
ҿ⣬ʱ̲סˣȭͷҪվԱߵķ־ץסҵĸ첲һۣС˵˸иĻ
ףڰʾԼˣҿŷ۾ʾĵҡ
ҵˣŮľһ㿼ǹҵ뷨𣿡˵뷨Ҳ̫ˬˡ
Ů˹ȻǴ̳ӣɺɺһ
ҿԱϵɺɺҧҧ֪ɺɺѾͷôģȾƸʲô
ʱϾҲǿѹŭ⣬ȥӣֻҪɶ£Ҳüֹ
ͻȻҾͿһеĲɫһƿﶼһЩɫķĩȻЦеľ͵ݸɺɺȡ


416 
˵һ˼ë뷨˵Ǵҵĵˡ
˸ڵģʵɺɺõĸ飬ҲƲ죬Ⱦ̸Ҳԡ
ɺɺҸѣҪ̸ѣ͸Ӻú̸ʲôа
Ľ
ҳȥʹĶɺɺľƿӣɺɺԺˣָҵı˭ҵľƸʲô
첻ѧ˵໰ˣĪŭȻǳɺɺģǳС죬߹ȥһëУһƿֱӾ͸ȥ
һղȰɺɺȾƣҲǺһЩұսߣĶÿҵĹ
һƿžһëһĶͷϣƿӻͦʵȻû飬һԴһӡ
Ѫ๾ëԴγģֱӾſû˵ˡ
ԱǸëһ˭֪˭ֵġ
˵һӸȥֳۣҲžһӡӡ
ֻۣơƿͳԴʹһңһθơƿҲˣһҲԴѪſû졣
һֱͳֻͨĵ绰ſС죬˹ȥ漸죬
˵Ҿ͹Ҷ˵绰һɺɺԺںȾأûС챻ˡ
ʱв˿Ҳڱæ˵ҾǾ죬Ѿ֪ͨͬ¹֮ģЩ˲ŽŽɵû
ϰȴߵſڣмſŹӣˣϾҪˣҽҩѾ͵Ǹˡ
ùЩ£ֱһ룬ȥһˮɺɺϾȥ
ɺɺˮһãһԺ۾ʣʲôˮʲô
ˣҰѲУЩĿɺɺ˭Ҫܰ
˭ҲǣԽ׷棬⹻˰ɣԺЩСԼҸ̸У
ǰһоɺɺǰǸǳԺҸоŮҪѲźãȻźɺɺ飬һе뷨
ܱȸղһֱҩðɣ
ôˣǺˣǾͲǺˣʲôƨ߼˵ôϲ㣬ƾʲôϲң»Ҫɶûɶɺɺ׷ҵһ֣ƾʲôϲңƾʲô
ɺɺ˵žȻͷʹŮ˿ޣ֮ǰŭģɺɺôһޣ˲
˿˵ˣˣҸһҺһٱеģ˰ɣ
ɺɺĺˣһ߿һԺ˵˵˵֪ԷѺһȾ㣬㾹ȻǴˣ㻹˵ϲңںңƭأƭɺɺ
һʱ˰죬Ҿʣңʲôģʲôëѣһҩôҵģϲ㣬ɹˣİˣ´飬ϣҲ֣ҪԸʶ䣬Ըʶ䡣
˵ҾҪתԼӣѾͷҲ֪ôģôѲǵһôɶҲû
û뵽ǣɺɺҵĻ̧ͷңֵʣʲôǸҩû˵Щ
ָŵǸѾľƿ˵ƿƣϵҲǹֵģڳɶҲѣһЩʶȥֻһ£ʱˡ
˵ҲɺɺԼλԽԽճ
ȥ֮󣬷ɫѾĿңҸЦһ˵㣬ᡣ
ɣ»ԣԼĺú룬Һ˼СˣҲԸͱ˷Ψ㣬Ƕһ޶ģֻ㲻С
ףУҲǶһ޶ġ˵֮룬ŷ˫ʣ𣿡
š˵ű۾ܻ˵ƾ֮ʱǾΪСٻµᣬҴδޣǵһΣҲһΣԣ㡣
лԸһʱ顣Һ˵
šҲ˵ͷ
ģʲôˡڴڴڳѪļƲһۣʼ˵
һԣԼʥһ˵氮㲻氮ʱͻᶮˡ


417 
ҿŻԱӿɺɺҲüͷѾͷӡ
Լɣˡ㲻ͷĿһۣŤͷ˳ȥ
æվҲ˵Ҳˣᣬߡ˵žż˳ȥ
ЩҲûɶ˼ԷǺСƣߵϾйϲ顣
ҿ߹ˣҲɺɺԱĺ˵㣬влͺúø˵ͷ۰
Ӹ硣ɺɺſţһѱסңҲֻҿˡ
÷ˣȻһŪҡ
㣬ȱвУŮһ޾û취ˣֻȺ˵
Сɺɺʹҡͷҿ˫ۣ走תˣһ룬Ҫˣɺɺһû취ˡ
Ͼ˲ٵľƣղһҲˮѵİˡ
һֱҿޣҺҲ֪զ壬ֻҪˡ
˶ʮӣʮ˽һͿңɺɺҿޣһһЦһ׵ָŵʣ黵°ɣ
ȥ졣˰֣ҲҪűһһץ
Ƿϰ忴ˣҲɫÿЩʣͬ־
ûû£ϰ壬øɶɶС˰֣һЦĿңҲңЩתˣʱ򻹰ķǮ˳ָˡ
һ϶ˣҵɺɺҲûôˣǳһᣬ˯һ
ͻȻֻһ£ţҵͷһȻ緢ġ
СӣѾ̫ˣڻ͵أѾȻС椣
üͷûͨһҪѧģ֣϶֪ҷˡ
ȻŸղŵĶҶ˰죬Ҳųɺɺҡҡҡѡ
֣Ҷ˯ᡣɺɺģģĴҡһ£֣С
С˰죬ʣС˭
СɺɺͻȻ̧ͷһѵĵһƨ¡
ˣǺã˹ҿֱǶŵأĸ鰡˵Ҿվ
ɺɺæסҵ֣ĿңĶʱʣ㣬˵Ҫôɣܵ˵
ɺɺͷԥʲôһ˵㲻һֱΪʲôϲô㣬ôһϲ㣬֪𣿡
ɶҲЦһ˵õõãҲɣ˵ɡ
ʵСʱһ顣ɺɺŴ۾ҡ
飿ǸСЦһ£ɶأͶء
šɺɺ˵ͷ񡣡
һ˧𣿡ֵʣϻҵ˧ˣҾͲˡ
ǣһɺɺ˵꣬Ҿòˡ
һ룬ĵȷԼŮ棬һŮ§§οΪͷüΣⲻǶɶҪǣɺɺȻ˵ҶҶô
ðɣ㣬˵Ҳ˧ˣ˵ҶҲûɶ˵ɶһҳ˵ͷʾ
һɺɺЦǺǵ˵
㣬˵ҸõˣǣҲ˭ҴСŵ¶ЦݣɺɺҲ˳˲٣ղű˵ҶҲһɶˡ
ҺˣСʱ顣ɺɺ˵֪Ҽҵݣ֪ҰǾ־ֳȴûпԵİͽңѣһޣһЦһ͡
ԺΧ֪ҸǾ־ֳͽңҽԺҵһݺùЩʵҶɺɺ̾˵ֻ㣬Ը磬ҿڶСһˡ
ûΪҵݶ׷ңǸҾңһ㶼ҿɺɺ˵һ죺ϣԺģʲô飬Ҳֿܵȴû
ô̾˿ʵҲǸͨČ˿ûץıºʦĺ̨ҿ϶ҲͨһΪ˻úõĹȥͽɺɺȥ׷
ʵûʲôڲͬΨһͬǣ˰ɣһЩûеı£ǽ˶ˡ
Ҹɺɺ˵ôԴ


418 ˣ
ð̫ǳܶණֻ˵
ҲŮˣҲ˵ǸСȻϲǾȥ׷Ȱ˵
ɺɺҡҡͷˡ
ˣͷһ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵һø磬עһˣԼңǣˡ
˵Ҿȥˣ˵ҲֻЩˣһ仰ҲװBģ͹ִ򽻵ԺҲҸͨ˽ӡ
߳ݣŽֵ棬ЦеĿңͼҲվ档
Ҵֵ˹ȥʣ˵ˣ
ţһˡҲԸ˵˸⳵ʹȥ
ĺüҶ㷲ͼᵽ棬Ǽܻ죬ȥˡ
ҺҲǺĿ֪øɶ͸һһһ졣
ֻмᣬҸǸ̳֮û¾ͻȥϢ
ǸܳԺ͸˼һʧӰ١

˭˭
ҷվһƬڰ֮УͻȻΧ˫ңкܶôԴӺڰ֮ҧңҡ
뷴ǻȴ˿á

۾ʹʹĴ˿Χһҵ棬Σҵʱɺɺ˵֮Ѿȥһ¡
һҾһΣرʵÿҶΪģȴһΡ
ڼҲʹʹҵҲ˵ȻֻǸңǵزתο϶򵥣ΣرЩоʵΣһ˵ҪôǺܾǰ飬ҪôԤԡ
ҵʱҲЦЦģǰôഺΣûӦ飿ҵʱҲ͵ӳ
ÿΣܸоǰЩ飬ʲô飿Ǿļ䣿ǵز˵ôᱻôΧƣ
ֻ˵ǲ֮ᷢϵ飿
ɳһӣֻϣǷڵز߽Ǿϵ飬ǧҪϣȻҲֲ̫ˡ
̫Ѩͷˡ
ˣ
ͻȻţ̧ͷ˵ɡ
ҪôǷҪôǼᣬӽӸûŵϰߣһŰŸ߿
ҿŽˣ˲סˡ
һŻ·һɫѼñ˾ȻƮ˽
üͷһ壬˳־𴲱ߵĽ
¸¡
Żñӵ˫ֱĿңЦ
˭ҴһŻñӵ˲˵ֻǿҼЦ
еĸɶͻȻķ˽һˬĿҡ
ñӵǸһֱ߹ģУò˯ˡ
ԣиֵļһҸָǸѼñļһ˵أͻȻ˾͸ƾʧһˡ
ʲôǹûйϵɷ֣֮ҲԣҲûǱʲôֵϢûУʲô
զˣ񾭲ˣ㲻ͷĿһۣʹҡͷæѸղŵ˷㡣
ü˵֪òǳֻþ˰ɣ
ƨҪþҲǳŮָүɶ°亹һģͬɣ
ޣɶأϰԵͳֻ׼ʦ绰˲뵽ʦʧˣͻȻֻҵͷһȻǸİĺ롣
绰ʣ˭
ҡ澹ȻǸϵ
ϣ˼ôҴ绰ˡæ˵ô˵ҲҰʦȻ𾴡
Ҹоˣˣڵ绰Ǳ˵
˭ֵʣѲϱ԰ϱ˸Ҵ绰˵ɶ
ˣˡǱߣЩ˵
һһЦ˵ɶҲ𣿡
ҹ㣬˾ǰһУڵ绰ǱЩ˵
ڳɶأɶʱ㡣ȻͷǺɻ󣬵ϱϾʦʦص֮
Ҿڳɶˣڻվɡ˵Ͼ͹Ҷ˵绰
ҳ已ͼ˸кҾ¥˸ʿվȥ
վʱңڴſ㿴ˣϴһɽװͷ׷ĿΧڵʲôһ
ϣءҳϺһ˹ȥ
˺ϴҿʱ˲٣ɫҲǵǵ


419 ֢
ҿϵģ˼ֵǣҪ֪ǰϵģû¶ģ
ϰҲ߰ɣȥϢᣬȻ˵ɡϵ־˸ʿ
·һ޾ɵģҲ˵֪з£Ҳǲ˵ԺҴ¥
ͼţǵһμϣҲ˵ˣЦе˵ʦ
֪Լϲ죬Խеʦ
ῴϵʱҲüͷһ壬ŵĿϣһᣬƤһ˵ôֻʬ
ϣˣ˵ġæԱ߽֮ͣǰϵʱ򣬹ҲǴϸоΣаɡ
һż˵콩ʬϵѪζɶûɾɱ˰ɣ
ǵͨ죬˵
û£ϼһҲ˵˵Ȼ㣬Ҳöˡҡҡͷ߽ӡ
æͼʹ˸ɫ˵ͷ˵ʦᣬȥˡ
˵żȥˡ
ӣֻʬ򵥣Լŵ㡣ϵ˵
ţüһ裬˫ֵݹȥʣôˣ𣿡
ֻʬû⣬򵥣йѵζϺһ裬²豭
ѣ˵ˣֵʣôֺ˳Ϲϵˣ
˿˵ˣ˰ɣ˵°ɣǹ˵顣
ţ˵Ա£ϸ˵ǰǼ顣
ǰϸҾͲ˵ˣžǣǰ˸ƻҪɱˡ
ɱˣüͷ˵ϣҾԺˣֶڤڤ֮еģôɱ
˵ɡңоô
磿ǹٶ˵㡭һû˵꣬Ͼҡͷ˵Ҳ㣬ࣿ
ࣿ
ǰһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ƕ˵Ĳ²⣿˵ʲô˼ɵɱǣƿǵˣ
ǵƻɱˣɱһܿǣʱֱɱˣûôˡ
ҵ˵ͷţ˵
һ˴󵨵ļ󣬺ñ磬ֻһ£һС˵һӾ硣Ͽʣô
أôᰡС˵ɶףзģҡҡͷҿ϶Ű̫ˡ
Ҳֻһֲ룬˵һֱͺñиˣд˱飬ⱾĽɫΪԼֻС˵е𣿡ü˵ǲ࣬Ȼǲûмֵ
ҵ˵ͷȻеᣬǺһ
ôˣͺñ磬һ飬ôǵ˭дµǸˣǸߣǵˣǴӹǾԲɱġ
ԡҵ˵ͷҲûĽɫʲôߵϢңͲİɣ
ǸˣطĽ磬ɱˡ
ǽȥˣɱˣǷֻɱһȱʧˡ
ȱɶҺǰ˵˽⡣
֮ˣȱ˸Щ˵Ǵָ˵ȴûУ˵ǰûУ԰ɣ
ţҵ˵ͷϾ˵Ͷˣ˻ӦȷʵЧǣڣ˻عˣ
զʡ
С˵Ľɫȴƣɱ㣬дⱾС˵ɶָʡ
ʣȻɱǡʶ˵ߣЩ˶дģȻҵģһС˵ɫҪǸɶ
ⲻͶˣЦһ£˵˵һˣ˻ˣǵɱˣ϶Ӳһ٣һҲӲ
ǲɱһôɱһβˣֵʡ
ˣɱΪ㣬Ľ磬˺꿪һΣѾûлˣд磬˺𣿡̾
ҿ˵ģҲ̫Ȼоӡ
ϣⶫҲ̫ġһû˵꣬ͻȻֻ
绰һȻģ绰ʣιɶ°
Ը꣬ղŶۣҽԺȷ˸ΰ񻹿޹
üͷһü˵ȷ𣿻ҽԺ飬˵
ҽԺ˺üˣҶû취ˡڵ绰Ǳ˵
ݣôᣡҿɱˣʹץץͷôͻȻð֢ˣ
ڻǣҳ绰Ǳʡ
ڣҽ˵ã꣬ãֻһʱˡǱ˵꣬һڣ˹ȥ
üʣʲôˣ
һǣͻȻ˰֢ϣԲסˣҵȥһˡ˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰׼ʰ
ȱæ֮ǰҸǲϳʡ
ҵ˵ͷ
ǾͶˣףѡ¡С
ȱǮȨȱͻȻ֢ǾǷȱ֮е
ϻû˵꣬Ҿæʣϣʲô취ûУа취ֵǸΰڣô϶а취ġ
Ҳǻˣֻҵ취
һץҲҽҡҡͷ˵ȥɣһһЩѾ֮ô죬Ǹѵ飬ѰһЩҽûа취ɡ
ֻˡ˿˵ͷϣȻܽʰ
ǰŶǲ·ģǵʲôط򣬲Ҹо鷳Ǹоͳһ죬߼죬ҲûҪΣҪ쳣סˣǾԲġ
ԵģӲǵزʵǲУܵظȥð޳ЩһҸˣӸ١
ʰöܵ¥£ҲǸϽ˵绰ڵ绰ҲǰĴŸ˷㣬һ˵˰֢æ˵ӣӣס𼤶֢Ҳа취ģ𼤶
㻹ô˽ң˿Ŭĵѹȥ˵û£û£Ͻɣȥôˣվɡ
˵ҹҶ˵绰һĸоȻģõֵܵ˾֢ôôܲ˵ǣһް취


420 
ڳվſڵȵ˷㣬һ˹ҲǸġ
ܹ֮󿴵ϴСĶʣɶң
ûҾȥú硣̾˿已ҡҡͷ㿴һֻۣðοⲻûôܻ뵽취ģʱõҽͲҽӡ
û˵Ƕɵӣ֢Ǿ֢ЩҼǧڵĸ˰֢Ҳ˿ûа취
ҽκãⰩ֢ҲͲо֢ˡ
Ҳǿ鲻ãǿ˵ǸĲҲû취ġ
ҿżᣬôܲɶ˼ҡҡͷܵģɽʬȥܵֻأɽʬǾó쳾
ҵĻɫ˵ͷû˵
Ҹоò⻰Ҳ̫ԣæ˵û˼ᣬҲ˵ʬãֻǶ˵á
ûػֻǵ˵ͷߵ˷
ѾͷҲǸʬ϶ҲҸղŵĻˣҲᰲοˣҲȥôοΪ֮ǰ˵Ļʵô˵ıһʵ
˻Ŀͳʱ򣬾͵ӹվ³ԺҲֱӴ˸ʿҽԺȥ
ڳҲ˸绰ĸ֮󣬵ȳ⳵ҽԺţҾͿ˽ȥҽԺ˽ȥ
סԺ¥603ܵţƿ˽ȥ
ⲡͦģֻһ䲡ɫ԰׵ڴϣԱ߸ƻء
˵ʲôôJB֢ˣҳȥ԰׵ԭ˵䰲οĻģ߾ͳˡ
㶮ƨҪø֢ɶģҼСƻԣϼЦݣ˿ƻһҸģ񻹺ܸˡ
ֱһŸȥĿ磬ڴڵĴһԱߵ꣬꿴Ҳ㲣⼸춼չɡ
磬ǱˣҾ͸ϵתԺȥǱ߿ߵԱߣץ֡
ҡҡͷĶ˵ߣҼСզ죬˵ˣֲ֢˾û취ˣӣǿ󲻵ãһúСúùˣϹЩûõû˼ġ
ƨԼ㲻ȥԣǻģҡͷͳ绰׼绰æҽԺ
ˡ˰֣Ťͷ˵С꣬ȳȥҺ˵顣
š˵ͷƴӣתͷ˳ȥͼҲſڣҲ׼أҿ綼֧ȥˣҲ÷Ȼᡣ
ǶȥԺſڵӣڽˣŬˣҸоˣˣӦҲˡ
һǴ飬ǰô࣬ûӦͻȻ֣еıӦһĳ㲻ġ
ϵʱ˵飬ȵĿʣҲ֪
ˣҿϼתȻʵԶϼϼ֪飬һ϶֪˵ſ˵Щ˵˻ˣҿķӦӦôʲôطѾ֪ˣҵ˼ҵȱǷȱѾˣıӦҲӲˣСĵ㣬ҪԶԿԼ
ⶫȻƽʱѴţ˵ʲôҲ죬ⶫΥˡ
ҵ˵ͷ˿˵˵ǶԵģⶫ治ҵȷ˿Կܵġ
ǣͻȻһɾ󾢣ô֪Σһ֪ڿǣǵϲǵϲŭ֣ǾͲ÷𣿡
ҲģҼ˵ȱǰɣǰɣôǵˣ
СӱɵҵĻŬĳӣָ˵ӣܶ㲻ףףҪԺҲֻµظҲûɶá
磬ôôˣˣô㺦𣿡̲ס
ԣ£Ҳǳ˻û˭Լ
ųǰأ첻£زµأTMһ𣡡ҲΪų
첻£ز£ǺǣҾǸųΥˣֻẦԼԼѡ̱ڴϣΪ


421 
ϼʮʮնɱʮµһ֮£ϼ֮Уį
ϼ£רɱħרɱҲ岻Т֮ͽʮ꣬£
ϼ֮أħʧϼΪԼһӦþ£˼ƽ
ֱҪͷ
һСɽ壬һ죬ϼӵһ˵ɽкʳ˾ǡ
ϼʰ߱㵽ɽ壬׼
˵ϼǰҲǾٴӭµһ
һһٶˣϼԶͿˣϼһһɨЩˡ
Ȼ˴ӣȻвŮһɰĽɫ
ϼΪ⣬Լ磬ߵģвŮ԰Ľߣϼһ⣬ԣһŮӡ
Ůòеȣһɫɴ£Ⱥұߵһ棬һС֦ڶϵЩϣζΪϼĵ̧ͷ
ϼһɺ֮ģߵŮǰʣʹ
Ůϼ̧ͷȻĿϼ˵ϼɣҽСꡣ
ϼС˫۾峺Լδ۾ϼһ𣬳մĿСꡣ
ôˣ壿СЦĿϼʡ
ûûʲôãܺãϼҲ֪ԼӦ˵ʲô˵֪ΪʲôҪ˵ʹҡҡͷ
˫۾ңѾܾˣ
ϼɽ沢ûҵеĺ˵ϼѾû˼ȥֻˡ
ģѲ
û¾ͻȥС졣
Сȴ䵭ûϼûŮӣŮӣһǶչ¶ĽСȴеһҲΨһһӶˡ
ȻС䵭
ϼû¾ͻС굽ɽժҰŷݣԡ
壬Ӳܳԣжġ
壬ڵİȥ
塭
ԼŮɰĻԼİĽҲףνˣֻҪһҲνˡ
ϼδоԭ˵˼Ϊ¶̫á
ȻĵǶܸлǴҲԣһǴճģллĵһ죬峤ҵϼݹһ
ϼȻº٣ǣ෴ȻҲʮ¡
֪Ϊɽһֱûʲô£ȴɽ׳԰ס
֪˴峤֮ڣҳֻϼӹ֮ȴֵ˻ȥԥ֮󿪿ڵ峤ңץס֮Сס
峤¶ԥ˿ϼԥ˵ȢС꣬ȻǼ£˵̫ˣǰԱѾСˡ
СϲĸҲ磬ΨһĳѾӦ¡峤˵˵Ȼǲ檣СҲ䲻
飡
ϼһӣ˿˵ԱС檱߸һСȥС檣
ԱԶĸСȻǲճԴ峤һ£˰֣Ѿö˵ˡ
ϼŭգȻǿסԼŭףȻԼǲΥģΥ
ϼ֮󣬱㵽СңС길ĸǰɽԻȴɽ⣬磬Сǳ԰ټҷ
㱻Աˣ֪𣿡ϼС굽ɽѯʡ
СȻǵͷ֪
ôģԱ٣檳Ⱥδ𣿡ϼԣǲԼᣬʢԶԼİȴܸԼҪһ檳Ⱥļһ
ԱӦҼ޸ͳǮǴһɽ·С̾ǴĳģȻñΨһرķ
ϼҲûиС뿪һֱԼŮıӰ˼
ԼҪô죿ȥףһԼأ
ϼ뿪ɽ壬û֪ȥϼ뿪ɽһµĵط
һص˹飬ˣ֪ˣڰ飬˺͹Ľ޶ڣԼΪС걻Ա
ϼ뿪£صɽ壬֣ˣ֮ʱСѾˣѾµС
ϼˣʵΥϼһΥԼľ


422 Ժ
˭˵ǲΥģ˭˵ģʶˣ߹ϼѧرǸץеˣⶫǿ󲻵á
ϼǰҲһֱΪģص壬ǣԹţ񲻿ƣǵϼ뿪С꣬˿ûֹСԱԭ
ڲͬˣϼǸǸŮ˹֮Ϊ˸飬һ
ԼΪβ
ϼܺڣԼûֹڵСѳ֮ʱ
ϼԱңһõʱȫ¶𾪵顣
Աһ¼ϼҶʮˣȫһ
ֻһСС⣬Լɱ
Ϊһϼ˲ʮɱ֡
û֪ΪʲôϼҪɱôˣµһҲͨ
Ҳ˵һԣԶıȥû֪ϼΪʲôô׷ɱϼ֣Ҳϼһһնɱ
Ӵˣ£µһֻһľƹ

ҴЩüͷʣҲ棿ΪʲôϼΪʲôɱˣ
Ϊʲôһʧ䣺Ҳ֪˵ҼҲԺϼʱǸԱ֮ŭⲻϵıǣԭ׼ȥ߰ˣû׼ɱˡ
ǵ˵ΪʲôĻǾΪ˰ɣԹĿ컨壺Υİţ㲻ýΪʲôˡ
Ȼˣ㲻Ǹȥսˣָ
ʹҡͷˣ˲ΥȻͻϼǰ㣬˺ԼİҲ
㺦µԭ𣿡̾˿磬Ҳ֪ô˵
ʵҲûֻһе㲻ܽܶѡ
Ҳֻ°ɣϾϱӵƻӰ
̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ԼúϢɣҸ˵飬Լúÿǣ飬ȻΪֵܣҲܸúϢ
˵ұ߳˷䣬㣬ᣬأһҳһĶΧôˡ
û˵ɶ£꣬Ƚȥչɣᡣҳǰ˰֣˸
ͼҲǸ˽ȥ鿴ȥˡ
һԴҵҪ֪ΪʲôΪʲôҪô飬Դˡ
һԺĺ˼˰죬ͼ˳˵ߣҸطԷɡ
ҵ˵ͷл㱵ĸŷͼ˷Ȼ󷲽ͼ׼ȥҲȥҲ֪ﷳ꣬ԼؼϢ
һص˾УſڣͻȻͷһף֣УԱ֣Ҳǰ̣ôһԺ
ҼǵõǼ֮Ѿû˸ˡ
ҿԺͷоܲǿ棬ҲʲôţҲû
ž˽ȥ˳ھͳǰ̨һСʣԺ治
Ȼ棬ӪҵִյġСÿʮ߰꣬ССԵġ
ȥƨġҡҡͷתأҾ͸Լһӣȥֲɶģæ˵ǾһĴ󱣽ɡ
õģԵȡСһԽ˵˼仰ûһһ裬ЦǺǵİһСӡ
ҿСӣʱ˿走棬裬ҶʱƤһء
ȥҲҰĦҿɲܵģҾ˵裬ûʲôֵ鷢
ֵ飿û˵ô㵱ɶ˰ٲɡ
裬㣬ˡҿ裬ôҲʮɣ׸⣬ҾͷԼҲܸ°˵ҪǮˣҲɡ
㣬ûʲôֵ飿ֹʲôġҿɲǷ񾭣ĸоطԾ
طҲûɶɷȫƾҵĸоҺԼĸоȻϹеţΪԼǵزתɣҾǸоط⣬ôطͿ϶⡣
ֹҡҡͷͻȻе˵ͷСĵҿ˿Ȼ˫ֱĿҡ
˲ˣǮͳٿǮݹȥ˵˵ɡ
˵պǮЦе˵ϰ尡Ҹˣɱ˵ȥطǰ죬аŵúܡ
аţôаŷҺʡ
ü򹤵Сã޹ʧˣûٿǳ֡ص˵


423 ¾꣡
ʧˣǲְ˻ôɣɻʡ
ǲǡҿ˿Сĵ˵Ҹˣɱȥ˵˵ġ
ϰ岻˵ԺˣһʧʮСáС˵
ʲôҾòֱ£ʧʮˣ
㲻ǹ֣ʧôˣҲһӴɱ˰ˣüʣأ
ǵϰĴ԰ѹﲻϵСýϰ࣬һֱʧǶ˷ЩСҲҺЩ˵ʧĹЩСãȻǶˡµĸ˵
ҵٿǮá
Ц£ͷ˵УȥɣԼᡣ
ϰ壬ɱ߱˵Ĺ˵ͷת˳ȥͳ绰룬ֱӸίǣǴ˹ȥ
ܿͽ˵绰
ιӰôҴ绰أʱҼȵСưǿ˵
ǿ˵֮ǰҺץǶǿĻھ£ˡ
ϾȫҲҺץֳԱ
ǣ˵飬磬Ҳ裬˰֢ҽԺʱȥ
ڶ飬ѧǾУֵԺ˭ģҲ顣
ǼԺҵ˵Ǳ߳Ĭһ¡
֪԰ɣһǻǱʲô飬Ȼʱִֻ˿ɲáü֪飬ǻԥ˵Ժĺ̨治򵥡
ӣԺҵܵܿģҲ˵ʧ˼ˣⲻǰžڲӦòֹɣڵ绰ͷʡ
ǾܵԺ̸ǣƽʱЩҲˣܵӦ⣬ҸоЩʧ˲ʧô򵥣ҾԺԼǰɣҲ˰ҿ˵
ǳĬһ᣺֪ˣϳ¾ٵĵ顣
˵͹Ҷ˵绰ҲˣιҲǵˣ֮ǰһӣֱӽҳ¾ˡ
Ҳû취飬ҲãôȨˣ˭ð
ÿԭģⷽ棬ҵԭҵĵߣñԽ硣һΡ
ҰεĹҹƺƽʱЩһҪ˵㲻һĻֱɡ
ԼֲĸоָоԽļ¡
ûãһʮ꣬װ˽ЦǺǵĵƬ˵СԸ԰ɣҽǵıܡ
ҽӹƬһӴʲôŵĶ³ίǣҲ֣Ҳú򽻵żɽ˵ܶ԰ɣԺ⣬ͣҵġ
⣬ⲻϹذɣ⾯Ҳû֪ͨ˵ˣ棬ûʲôаǡ˵žԱߣҼ˵ˣҸСԸһԷأڡ
ˣҵĻǾֵĻԼ绰ˡüͷʼҶǱȽкøеģ뿪ԺûɶаĻͱȽԲˣóѹҡ
üͷͳ绰˹ȥ磬ͣҵġ
ģûҸ˵ɶɶǵͦģ鲻̫á
ɫ΢䣬Ц˵ɣ¡
ⲻһСҵɣҿʣû߹ҵݣҵĻȻҲס㡣
㡣ɫ΢䣬˵УȻСԸҵͬǾͲΪıġ˵˳ȥ
ȥԺһģҲǿʼϣ޷Ǿ˵ż֮顣
ҳʱ˸Сӣͳóɰͱʣһа
аĦСݣ֮ģȣΣһħ޼Υ棬У뷣
꣬Ҿһŷǽϡ
ͻȻΧ¶˲併һɺֱӻסңһһŤͷһ
һӰƮҵһϤĸо
һԹֲޣԹϱ˳
Ӱ˹
Ž뷴ңҶˣҲǱŵĶˣΧʲôסң˿á
Ϥֲʮ˲֮£¾꣡


424 
زأΪηҪѹ֮£ٲ֮ࣿĴȱ𣿡
ҪѹǣԼҪѹԼǴʱĲܷǵֻԼ¡
ҪôͷԼ
Լ򣡡

һζԻԺи˳ҾֵĿֻ¾ֻ꣬ٹȰ׹һλٹ
Ѿǹˣ׹ɱ֤ɾ֮λ¾ȴԡ硯֤
¾˶϶İʷϵļҲ֮٣ΪʷϾͳôһֻΨһһֱԡ硯֤
ֻںڣսʤ֮ʱʱһЩӿʼʧϢ
ڵʱǸսҵʱû˷ϣȴԽԽء
֮ʱһӾȻֱʧҲǲû֪Щȥ
ʱͳһ£贴ţһһǧʿȥ鿴ȴȫʧټ
æ֪֪
ɲʷдģֻǸıߵľʦ˵ŴЩʦǻһЩģͺñ
ʱҲһĸ֣Ȼ֮ǰǵطһ£ǿУˡ硯֤֮
֮һȺͯͯŮֻ¾꣬ŰϢȥ֮Ҳʱʱĳһʧ顣
Ҳ֮
ֻõһ˵ʷһֱһ裬ʷҰʷ϶ûд
ҲǴӵزµļ֪
ֻôôأ
ҹв˿һֲƬɣӳֻͺⲿӰĹ񣬵Ȼֻöࡣ
ֻһƽпռ䣬Ȼɱ
ܶϽһطôֻǻƽ⡣
ֻȴԼγɵġ硯ҿϸ룬һԼһ硯Ĺȥˣ϶
£һ̲סԼ侲ҵļУزƽཻ
֮Ҳͦģ˵һʵ
ףӰЦһΪ˭û뵽ǵزһһǣزأ˵ķԹˣҲԼľȻˣ˵
£ƨ°Ȼ룬Բ˵װһʦ緶ҿףһû֣϶Ϊһ
Ȼܳᱻѹȥֱĵֻ
ѹңزأΪҿɶ¶ûСӰһӣ˲䣬Χһ䣬˴ɫ
ǣ
ΣǸΣ
ǰǸεĳüΧǸӰһЦǵزҰ˵㣬ǵز磬ȥҲ򵥣
ôأʲôɱңŤͷӰ
زȻѹҼǧ꣬Ҳй飬ڵ֮Ҳûܶٿ࣬Ҳɱ㣬͵Ķǻۣõز𣿡ӰһֻѰһЩԼҵĶ㽻طҡ硯ĵطǵزתǿ϶ܳȥԼ취ɡ
˵Ӱʧˡ
ιҽͷҳȥҳΧ

̹ǵĺΧһƬڵĿռдˣôֻ꣬ô˽磬Щ϶ǲȥظͶ̥ġ
˼ǣܶ
ҲһҪ֪ЩһͨĹ»ҰҲ˼ǧĵУ൱һˡ
ݣ
𽫳ĿΧ
δδ
һ߰Сӣ⣬һذףЦ˹
Ҵһȥ뷣
һȥСԱһ㣬ɵĶ㿪һȻҶһذͱҾ͸оҶӴһĵۡ
ҧ˳§סСԴŽʹĳͱͱ£Сӫֱӱҿûɢ
ŸոտʼΧ߳һֻֻĹЦĳ˹

Ҳ֪ɱ˶ٵĹҲ֪ɱж٣ֵҾȻˣЩôңǸоĵۣˡ
ЩȻͨĹ٣ǣͱ彣Ūġ
ϵɱҲʱ䣬Ҿǲͣģһֱˣһֱɱ


425 Σ
ʱһһĹȥҲ˼ɣֹôɱֹĹҲǶˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã·õˣѪӱƲ֪ٴˣǺܿ춼ϡ
ֻ¾ְ
Ҫɱң˵ֻѵңôŪЩΪҸоˣֻ¾꣬ڰң
ʲô
ĵʲôʵΣҪģҲΪʲôԽʵԽǿԭ
ڣ¾ģһһܾ顣
Ȼɻ󣬵ҲĺЩɣƽʱȥһѵĹԼʵĵطûУ
£ĺ⣬ˣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôңʹҲûʱĸ
֪˶ãΧĹҲ
ˣزأܰľЩˣϣǲǵˡ
ϴ֮ǰǸӰһһ̧ͷ˵ģ㲻ҳ»Եĵˣллˣ
˵˲䣬۾һڣΧĳ˲ǸԺ
һۣվûˣֱӹ˵ϴڴڵĴŴ
ǱϾǻþʵĹЩƴôãҪ¾һָƣ͹ˡ
Ҳ˫ֲͨ119

ӣУųȥͻˣ
ԱߵɪĳЦҴ绰ֱ͵ⲡˣѾҲˣһֱڵɪ
Ҳûи߹µ飬ֻ֪ҵʵ˲һǰ㡣
ĹǼǧģҪǱĳҹо
ӣҲ̫СˣôôصˣԹЦǺǵҡҡͷ˵Ҳ밡
˵㵽ôôص˵ģҺͼȥ˻ͱҽԺˣˣҪ˵žҪӡ
ûûû
ҲͶû⣬Ȼ˲֪ٴˣĸұ𰡡
Ҳ˵Ѿͷû¾ͱֻûгֻϢ
ͻȻüͷһ壬ʲô
˵ǼСѡζʲô˼أ
û¾˼顣
Ҳó̬кܴת䡣
ÿ춼ܶóԵҽԺԱߵҲ˿ڸ
ʵҲԣ֮ǰûµʱ򣬶ôãͻȻô£ȻǶӱĺá
ЩҲǿġ
ҲʹûȢ꣬ϾôƯ˻õŮ˺ˣȴҡͷ˼Լ˰֢û٣ûˣαغꡣ
仰ԭ˵취룬һû˵ڡ
ܿ¾͹ȥˣԭһܵʱͿˣһֱû뿪һ磬ǣû»ܻ켦ҽҩҲȫǱ
ڹȥµʱͻȻҵֻһʦ
æ绰ʣʦأǶȥˣ
ʦģ˵ӣ̫࣬ǧʬĶʵˣһ֮ǻֻܸô̫࣬ˣܲˣֻܿԼˡ
ɶʦʮֻ۽ʬô棿ιιʦ˵ҳֻʦȴ͹Ҷ˵绰
ΰ£ƨʦȥҲңԼʰ
ʮֻ۽ʬĿֲֲûĽʬҪһ
һһ붼롣
ôˣ׾Ŵĵ绰Ťͷʡ
šҵ˵ͷ
˵ɶ絹ǱȽ侲
˵ǧʬʮֻ۽ʬϻü˵׾취Լ
ëҲһ˵һȺһ۽ʬĵİɣ
˵ˡ߹˵취ϵ˰ɡ
ֱӴӲϱԺ
Ǻûһһһһģˡ
ķ۰
Ҳ˳ԺҲûֹôཀྵʬܳһ˶һ
ǰʦڵʱǰ涥ţҺǸ͵ĽɫʦͻȻ֪Ѿȥˡ
ǰǾʦţھԼ
ǳԺԺ㿪ʼϰ·֣ȻĸʧȫʧˣϾûʧ
ҺտʼϵЩ˵ʱǻ϶ôҺ磬ϾǺҲǰΣǣǲԸæ
ɲǼɵ£ҺװһˣƣҪʦڣǹҲһ仰飬Һˡ


426 취
ϵ˰Ҳϵ˶ʮЩ˲ʱһһĹȥ
ڼҲϵҲͬһľӰæپӢڽʬͨҲǲࡣ
Ƕʮ˶Ըʮֻ۽ʬ϶У˵гɰǧʬ
žڵõʦϢ֮İºϸҴ˵绰˵ģϸҴ绰һͦɻģ֪ͷɶ顣
ӣǧʬ𮽫д䣬мǣڵ绰Ǳ˵
ϣҰǰѾõϢˣ׼ءҳ绰˵
ûãǧʬЩʬҪǳûסϾ׾Ƕ뿪ˣǹҲǴʲôطӵϢ֪йĴʧǾͿʼˡ̾˵סǣҵи취Ϳûеˡ
ɻһʣ˵ǡ
֮ǰһ£һºضֽʬϮ˵¼һ£ǧʬ𮽫кܴı䶯϶˶˵Щʬ֣ܲǧʬĵ㣬ʮֻ۽ʬڵĵطһʬʮ㣬ÿһ㶼Ѻһֻ۽ʬһ㣬һŵزµӣҲѹʮֻ۽ʬ
˼أҳ绰Ǳ߷ʵ
ҵ˼ǿѾɶʮֻ۽ʬһһҪʬķӡǵزתҲֻȥ޲ӡٷӡǼꡣǱ赭д˵
ϣ̰Ҳûȥǧʬ𮣬ڶҶˣ˵ˣҵ˼ʮ㣬һ㰴յӾʮ㻹һһص洳ֲǰ͹Գ
走Ȼұһ£ʵǿ˲һ㣬ҿɲԴΪܴ۽ʬƾ۽ʬҶǺ
û취ֻȥˣЩˣȥҲûа취޲زķӡģֻһ߻ᣬ֪ҲԵʱЩʬ֮ɱ˺ܶˣʬҲԽԽ࣬һʰġǱ߳ϿҵĶ˵ӣ֪ΣԺܴԼúÿһ¾ǣҲ㡣
ǳ֮Ļ𣿡ҳɵʡ
ʮֻ۽ʬ˵ӣڵ绰Ǳ߿Цһ˵㲻ԾôˣʱһҼϵȥ㵽㣬͵ÿԼˡ
϶˵ˣҲûоܾˣҲͲܾģҾͿ˵һܺɣҼٴЩ˽£һ֮˹ңһȥǧʬ顣
ãˡҲͬˡ
ȹҶϵ绰Ҳ˵绰ȥ˶۵˾УǸݡ
˵Уݶ˵ֲһ壬ǰտʼʱͿʼ飬һֱᣬȻǺϲԷ
磬㣬꣬һ˽ֵ˵ô࣬㻹˼ǽԷ
ҽ˵ġ˵һǲˡ
ɶ˼һƨԱߣϸĿʡ
Ұľ磬һһӾվУë°һȥǾʹͣԲУ
磬˵ˣһŵزѹЩʬֻȥа취ȥҲȷǴ͵ģ滹ôΣգ粻ȥĺá˵
Ҳǰ˺ܶ࣬ҪǰͷĴΪ֢ɣһӾͰĥĳˡ
Ĭһᣬͬĵ˵ͷʼ˵ûˣԼʷɡ
˵ָŷʣ㣬ô
ôɣҪȥҲҪȥġԥ˵
ҿһ۷㣬мĳ˵ͷҲûܾ
ǾôˣҺͷȥǧʬ޲ӡǾˡ
˵Ҽȥܲȥ϶Լİ취Ҳõô࣬ͽһѵĲˣͷǳԽĳԺȡ
˭֪ԺжʱûûεľһأԽԽоҺ֮ľˣ֮䣬ԼҺͷ֮䡣
㲻簩֢£ǹϵãԺԼɼҵʲôģȻۣܳǲûûε档
ƻûҵ뷨Ҳֻһ˲ˣ̾ҡҡͷҲã˸еԼһ˿žͺá


427 ë
Լվȴ׼ȥ̹ˡ
Լʱ仹죬ԭ漸ģϾȥǧʬ̫Σˣһ£Ǿȥ̹硣
ȵ̹׼һҲǺõġ
ң磬㣬Ʊ˳
ԭǲ׼üȥģϾ²£ȥ˹Ҳﲻʲôæֻһ۽ʬҪ֪ǧʬ۽ʬüʮ۽ʬƾ͵ϰˡ
ֱӾ˵Ѿʹȥ
ﻹеСжģϾİǵˣȻʵȫ̶֮ߵģǽʬǲ֮Щʬӿ˿Ⱥʬ棬ЩʬҲֲˡ
˸ϵ̹ʱѾˣ⣬ǶǵһߵϵǸײſڣָŹײ̽ܣҵǸѧһʱĵ
ҲŲɵʵѧĶûж١
СðϽһʱ䡣һĽĿҡ
Ȼ˰֢ڿҪ̬رֹۣܶಡһ˵Լ˾֢һҪȻ˲ûԼͰԼˡ
֮£翴ͨ˻Ҫ֣Ҳԣ˻ȥظȥ˺ͻʵû̫ĲˣҪʲôûУˣҲ̬õһԭɡ
ȷϧûǷ츳ûϽԡҺٺһЦƿײ̵Ĵţײ̴Ҳûйأ˭ĵ͵ײģϴŵģ˼ײһҲµ飬Ǻ¡
ȥԺҾŵһɳʪùζϹ뿪̹ɽһʱˣô˵ϲڵʱҵʱ뿪ˣ뿪һ˰ɡ
˵ϲ̫ʦεԱߣһܵ˵ӣ֪ϵݲ
ϵݣɻĿһ磺ĲԴʦʲôݣ
ЦеԱ˵Ͳ֪˹Ҹɣϣת
ɶҾȵĲӵȵĿ硣
ԾɶѾҲǵزתôоţơһ˵ЩҲǰʦ˵ģ֪Ϊʲôô˰ɣ
Բԣɻһ顣
ҡҡͷԴͻȻʱ˵ѵζ˼ˣǸʱڱӡģǱɵĽʬ˵ĻϿ϶ʱͿˣ˵ֻܳʱ뿪̹磬Ѱֻ
Ȼụ̂̽Щһʵףôֻﵽʲôأ
ռ˵ͽһӾͰɽʬˣֶΣǺ۽ʬҲеİɣ
ͼڹײ̺浽ӣرǰѳɨ˳Ȼ椻ܳȥȥˡ
ǰ̫ʦΰᵽ棬̹ܺãƶûУȥϼڿ˵ʲôҪÿһϼ˵ʵſȥѾҪʧˣСŮͷˣʱס˸£ûŮ
Ҳȥϼ߽Сķ䣬֣СѾˣҲԣҪ뿪ôһʱ䣬ЩСܻӵģЩСȥͶ̥ˡ
һǷأͻȻʹŲԼ˵̽ͷһȻϽˣһģһʮ꣬һɽװˡ
ϣˣҳЦһ£ָʣǣ
ë赭д˵ǵ㡣
ë
ҾȵĿòƽӣû뵽˾Ǵ˵еë
ë۳磬ϸʮѾˣѹһ߹ţĻҲûκӰ죬Ϊܻȥæʱ
ʱǸë⣬˻᲻Ӱ졣
ëʦáҹĳëһëЦǺǵİ˰֣ضѾĴŸˣҵǶСֵ㾴мӣȥ޲ǷӡѾѵˡ
лҵ˵ͷֻа취޲ӡֻҳ¡
ԣԽξԽǧŲĹءë͵ĵ˵ͷ


428 Բ
ëû뵽òƽ˾Ǵë
ҾȵĿλë˵𾪣ëҽȥǧʬĵ㣬Ҳ̤ʵ
пɺȦһȦܺ»£ܳвУеԻʵȡ
ëʦáæĳëһë˰֣ЦǺǵ˵û£öǰҲʦйһ֮Ե
Աָķ˵ë֣ȱ˵ЩˣȽȥԲ߰ɡ
ë˵ͷ巿˽ȥԴë֮һݵԱ߸ţһ͸Բзһ
˽ȥ֮ëͳ˵ϣ˵ǧʬɡ
ȿȡϵ˵ͷ˵Ҿ˵ģЩǸҵõģ϶Ҳв׼ĵطǽȥԺ⣬Ӧɡ
šǵ˵ͷ
ǧʬĵһǶ֪ˣһ͹ĹƵĵطڶͲˣڶ൱һռ䣬͸˼͵ظһȫĿռ䣬Ҳ²ǵزԴ磬רŷӡЩʬõġ
㣬ҲǷӡʮֻ۽ʬĵططҲֻģʵͲǵڶĶռˣǾڵڶеһʬУʮ㣬ÿһ㶼ӡһֻ۽ʬ
ʮֻ۽ʬֲܿʵͨĺ۽ʬҪңϲһŵزµ𣿡
ԡҵ˵ͷæӱóǿĴָСɢŽɫӡ
ʬĵʮһŵزѹʮֻ۽ʬǲ֪ΪʲôʮֻʬһͨһȫһӡǿӲɶļ󡣡
ë֣鷳㵽ʱͳ»Եڶ㣬±ɣע⣬ñǵڶŪ̫ĶϾڶ滹мʮֻ۽ʬë֣ʵܶԸֻ
ëһ˼˵ֻܷ
ˡϵ˵ͷòҪЩ۽ʬսһ˵ڶϵʬ֮¾С
ϣҵôȥѲҸһһһϴҳʡ
Ҫ֪ҶԸһֻ۽ʬǺԣһֻ۽ʬŰң˵ʮֻˡ
Ȼǡҡҡͷ˵ӾǹؼˣǵزתӣһͻԶı㣬㵽ʱʲôҲԥһˡ
šҵ˵ͷϵĻ˿
㻹ǵע⡣ͻȻ˵ȻЩʬѾ֮ܳܳƷӡ˵ʬʣѾˣҵ˼𣿡
˵ʬһܱҵİȫôҳʡ
ϵ˵ͷҾ˼ٶȳȥ
ˡҵͷ
ЩĶ
췲ͼ浽Ϲ䣬ЩҲ֪ôģСҲûɶģвסǵóȥ
⼸ҲûȥϼëҪǩҪӰģһԲзۡ
ܱȽģλлףֳȦôҺƾСӰǣë൱Ĵļˡ
һõģǴСͽӴֺСͿʼļһ˵Сëĸִ˵ģκò׼ˣȻǼ֡
һξ͹ȥˣһˣʰװǧʬķȥ
ϴоˣ˲ٳԵģһ·ϵûϴôơ
г̣Ǿ͵ǧʬڡ
ǧʬ𣿺صʬüȣҴʱҲüͷϴʱȻ˵طˮжã뻹ġ
һطŨʬʬ
㣬ʱЩʬܳҲͲˣӡҲȷܲοˡ
һŨܵʬڶĽʬһʬ־ͻǵһ鷳ëЩʬü˵
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ϴʱ򻹲
ȴɣë֣ͳ»ȥ֮󣬾ϻʵӦȫˡϳë
ë˵ͷҲ¶һɵǵɫ˵ԭһΪԼʵȥ磬һʬ죬ҲҲȷˣ˵ëҲ˵ˣ
ż񣬼ͣԵģɰ͵áһԣʹ˵


429 
һʬ𮣬Ѳ⡣
ҿʬ𮣬ҡҡͷطʬ㶪ʬ⣬͵ʬ䣬Կɼطա
λ֪費Ҫæ
ͻȻǵʹһˬʵһͷһȻһʮĿӣҿ˵˿̫˧ˡ
Ҳǻգͬ˿һۣҲ΢΢죬پµ񻰣˵¹ϣܴʮŷ֣ӾǴһٷֵҲΪ
ǣǰѯʵ
ϵ˵㲻ɽţطʲô
ϣɽģǲаЦе˵
һLʦɽţ
ǰáæһëʣСӣôˣ
Ҳ˵ôҾæġЦǺǵߵǰæ߽ҲҲǱŰ˰ľLװ
ǧʬǸ㲻ģæ¡߹գ۾ȥǸСͱԵߵˡ
һɫ΢΢¶ϲɫʣСƽʱǲ£һĴô
һЦΪҪ׾ǼһƤҹ˵ʲôұͽܣͽ֪ܶȥˣ׾ǼһҲ˵
Ҿ͸о˺ܲЦģ׺Lһײİһȫûñȡ
ָ˵㲻֪ôɶ
֪֪ҿɶ֪ҡҡͷ˵Ҫ˵ֵ֪ðԼŪ鷳ޱȡ
СӣȻˣǾëһͳ»ȥȻˣô϶Ҳ֪˰ɣϳʡ
һͷ˵֪һȻеѶȣܴëġ
ͱëҪС٣ȴֱëǰ֮ģ⵹񣬹ؼɽŵݣǾԲܽбǰģȻǰɽıֶˣ
ëҲûë˵ͺãǾһȥɡ
ˣ㣬ǿʼȥɣȡ̫ɽ֮ʱڶ㣬ȻͿǵ컯ˡ˵ңСᣬӾţĳнʬܣһ취ʱסǵģȻùҵĵƽء
ΪҸоǵôصӡЦһ£Լš
Ҫ˵ǲܣϴҺȥʬȺҵԴ֣︡ǻǵһȴǽ㡣
ˣ走˴ȥ
߰ɣ£һЦɶȲ׾ţͽܱС
СӣСӿǵزתЦеԱһ䡣
һ㶣ȥôתǸתһĶǴתǿƣͽܳñ˧˰ɣ
ǰ˵ǡͷʦϵ
˵СӣʲôʱôģҼǵǰﲻһɣѯʵ
ٺһЦʱˣͲˣˣȻͻع鱾ɫˡ
Һҿ룬LòҲһɧɣ
Сӣһ£ʮֻ۽ʬɶǿģǹŴ㷨ÿѾ൱ˡһѵ
Ҳɱ㿴һŵ˵
ܵԱߣһ£㿴һ㶼ûһֺǺǵӣֵ˵ϱȥôΣյĵطһ㶼ģ
˸ãȥظܸҰֵ㣬ʡ˼մݵġ㿴ɺɺ黹һ䡣
ȥɶϱ
ĵңǶݵĸһ£ȻҾʹëҵ˵ڵĵ˽ȥ
ûʲô仯ֻǷʬˣϱˡ
Һܿʹ˵һĹѨʱȻʬЩ沢ûʲôʬ֣ëһͳʣӣôߣ
ҿ˿Ҳ֪ô߰ʱҵڶڣģңֻܰյʱļˡ
ʱʬ׷ϣҲûм·
Ұλ˵һ£ëü˵Ҳͨô죿
Ȼȥҵڣ˰죬ֻ취
취Ҳֻ׾ŵͽóһľʣ˵ʱǿһźڷĵڶ㣿


430 ڶ㡣
ԡҵ˵ͷʣǰ˼أ
ǵڶ㲢ĹѨ֮£һռ䣬ܽȻֻܽҪˡľһ壬𣺡ƣ
ͻȻԭľ˲ͨ͸һ⣬̵۾ˣȻȲϵʱźڷȻܾˡ
ϾڷǷȴ
Ҿ͸оһ֮Դ΢΢һѣ۾ʱѾĹѨˡ

һƬ죬̹ǵķɳϮϵĿʯӲݣΧһ˿ûС
ëȵĿΧʣǧʬĵڶ㣿
Ҳ¶һ˿ȣû˵ҵͷ˵ԣطӦÿһεطһֻ۽ʬӦǻ˵򡣡
ҿ˿ңʬڵĵط
òϲָǰұ۾ΧͻȻҾ͸оҵĺĳʲôٻһһůůķٻһ
ӣ
æóҶӣȻŽɫķ⡣
Ǳߣȷ˷ָźҵķ
ţǾߡ˵ͷֱӿ粽ȥ
ë˶ֵģû»̸Ц䣬ξһҾͲһˣŽСĵķš
ȻëλڣЩ۽ʬҲǳز˳ģ˭˵׼ԼԱС
˶ʮӣǵǰͳһõʯݣʯݼªСʯɣ͸ʯʱĲһ
Ҳоʯ洫һɰʬʬһӿһ
λǰȻаɣҳλ˵
ҡҡͷħָеķݣʲôʱҸЩħù·ߣߣ
˵ʹֵǱߣëҲȥҲںںɾĵһʯݵʱͻȻʹŭ𣺡ʲôˣҴҵأ
Уһֻ۽ʬôҡĻػ
ʯ߳һƳ۵ӣǸɸɾǵŴһ
Ǹ۽ʬһˣüʣô˽ˣѲǸóȥ𣬹
˵ʬȻЦë˵ɣþûˡ
㡣˵ͷȻ
𡣡ֻʬһëͳ˹ëţͳһźɫʬ˳־Ķͷһ򣡡
һֻʬֱӾͱ˻ȥڵϣæվ㵵Ŀëæ˺üͷ
۽ʬʱʮʬ鷳ˣæѵҿǰ֮ģëҵĻͷ˵ѽ
˳ִӱϳһѽ˹ȥëһӹȾͳȥ𣺡뷣
ȻͦãʵҲӵ飬ʬûгѾëһһˣȻֱӰ⽩ʬʯ֮УʯݿҲզأֱӱײú䵹
غգУаë³һھѪھѪڰյʱһץסھѪȻһȻʯݵصʯѣ̯Ѫ˦˽ȥ
̯Ѫһ˦ȥʹһžһ̴ʯð
ҿ۾ֱˣȵ˵⣬Ҳ̫ˣǽʬֱӱˣ
ʬɱһô߼ĽʬȻëܴɱɾˡԱָ߱ҽ͵
Ȼ䣬ЩʯĴɢǽʬҲһǱվ⽩ʬϵ·ҲѾã֮ǰһ
𣬺𡣡⽩ʬͷɢĿëͺһ裬ҲҼ
һͳëǳţ˵ͷܡ
ȥһҲ̫û־ˣǽʬأ򲻹ȻֱܣŽ׷һٶףͷһëûжվԭ˵˵ЦЦܻȥʣզ׷⽩ʬȥཀྵʬ鷳ˡ
ëҡҡͷ˵ǽʬɱģ׷ҲûõģȻùס۽ʬɴײˣΪס
ĺ˵ط۽ʬȻײ࣬ҲкüʮĿǰӣʮֻ۽ʬһ۽ʬǾͶס


431 
Ҳû˵ϾЩѾʵܸģ˵ҲӰԼʿˡ
ǼҸӦķߣһ·ҲʱʱֵͼʬϵĽʬȴһֻûпҲ֪Щʬǲ֪ܿһ
һֱСʱͻȻͣ˽Ųë˵о𣿡
ëüͷ˵ͷ˵е㲻Ծ
λֳɶˣܸ˵ôѵİҳλ翪ˣ走Щбµ˾ϲ˵ЩĻ
Сӣ۾ооëͷ˵
ҿ˿Χ˵ͷ۾۾֮󣬸оȻе㲻Ծˣ˸оǵǰǿӶҵٻ֮⣬У
Ҹо˷ÿһɼӴʬȻǻԵԼİǰΧ
ǱΧˣ˿üͷ
һ˵ԣȺʬͦġ
ôֵʡ
ûǽǰΧǣȴٰ·𣿲ôЩ۽ʬ϶򲻹ԣǾԻȻ˵ȴһҲûеǵ
ǽʬëһЩʬǳ岻ǧʬķӡģʮֻ۽ʬһȥЩ۽ʬͻа취Ӧ
ǽȥЩʬͻа취ֵʡ
͵ӱϾӣǵزѹʮֻʬǧ漣һһţֻҪǽȥЩʬɱǣǵѪ棬ѪȸǷԣôӻݵʧȥԣʮֻʬҲ
ҵ˵ͷôһʱˣһĹǶûˣΧʮɱҵĽʬĹǲŹ֡
զ죿ʡ
զ졣˵ֻҪǼķߣǾԲǵġ
ǼǱ߾Ͱȫ˰ɡ˿
˭˵ģŤͷ˵ͷȸɵ˵
磬ô߼ʬа취һȥסë˵ģȻһô϶ĵģɱֵǮһɽͻңɲɵ¡
Ȼëô˵ܻе㲻ô˵أͺñ缸ʮֻҰڲԶĵطĶһָо˵ıŤʱĸо
Ȼ˲ӣҾѾо˷һɹɵʼǱƽ
ëó»ԾˣЩʬͽˡһ˵Ҳɱ仰ɲǿЦġ
̾˿Ҳˣʹ˸ɫҺëʶȤ˺üͳ˰ѽΧԼһֱʮ׵ĴȦվУֵ
ɽţû㿴ұôСëıӰ˵һ£ʲôһ
ܿ죬ӰԼٶȳǵĿ꾹Ȼλ̫ˣҺëںԶһſš
»ԣҲͽùаɣŵ˵ѧƤë㿴ʲôɽɽ֮
˵ţһֵƣȻ
УҿLùԸǸ޵ʱLù
ʱ֮£ԭһƬѪգ˲ܲһ׵£Ѱ˰ѽϡ
˰ѽҲ֪ʲôɣ׵˺ö£ȴսǱŵ⡣
ʱֻʬѾ˰ѽɵȦ֮ڡ
췽Բ£±ʣأһͻȻϺ¡¡ļʮ׵˲ֻ۽ʬ˺̼
ʬ䵽ϾǽʬҲòˡ
ͣ
̫ˣ۾㶼ɳˣ˲ֻ۽ʬʲôǺ۽ʬҲһս֮ˡ
ëҵ񣬺ǺһЦ˵Խĵ˵˺Խ󣬱ŷ⣬ʱء
Ȼһԭһεʱǣӣ۾Ͷ䶼ѾʼѪɫ԰׵ˡ
ǼסȻˣͼʬߣȻصɽL̳ɽ֮λҲͷֻǴ
üͷëҵ־˵ߣ
СʹҡҡͷҴʱǹɾǿˣôܶأ
Ҳ˵LʦһΪǱҽģʹҡͷë̾˿˵ǾͲغáԼô˵һõúܴ󰡣
ģһֻֻʬӰǰ˰ѽγɵȦ֮ڣֻҪȥһֻһȣȻĵ⡣ÿһֻʬѪԽ࣬ģѾѺۡ
ѪҺֱӴѺһı׳
Ҳûϸʮֻ۽ʬ˽ȥ׵һֻܸӦĽʬʱLҲҡҡλεģĵȥ
ҺëһۣϽܵLǰLʱĵڵϣ¿ӿѪͱ۾Ͷ䣬ȫѪǿӡ
Сӣסëһѱ鼱֮ҲûֱӽеСӡ
ѣ͸һ
ëǰڸô죿ҲĳëʣҴʱԴѾˣ֪ô졣
ûû£ˡëҵ˵Ҳֻаˣʵ̫ˣɽӦʲôл˵ǽģȻǾԲʵ
СӦʲôëжϡ
ëǰ߰ɡ߹ȥҪ
ëҡҡͷָ˵Һôν㣬֮أ뱣ʬҪӾˡ
һλǰʹĵ˵ͷ
ëһǰ·ˣҸϽ
֮Ȼûֹʲô۽ʬˣȻżһЩͼʬ֣Щʬǻ۵ģ˾ԶԶܿˡ
ʮֻ۽ʬǻܸоİɣЩʬǧ꣬ÿһ˾˭Ը
Һë˴СʱԶĵطǿһӰ
һϲ˶ʮӺǵ¡
ʬ𣿡ҿʮ׸ߵ
ʮֹӣеƾɣһ£һʮ㣬ÿһ׸ߡ
΢һʬҵͼӿҿʲôŮʲôڼеĺһȲҪҽȥѰ
óϵӣ˿˵ëǰȻѾ͵ˣҸطЪϢȻ취ȥɣҲ֪ܲ޲÷ӡУǰܳȥ


432 ûӡסĽʬ
ȥɡëǰָŸ˵㲻õ෴ӦøԼǡ
ҸЦһ£˵ͷһߵµſڣžʹˣһƬѾþˣҲûʲôɺµģ󲽵˽ȥ
һߴţͻȻʹ˹ԭһƬĵطͻȻ
ֱһ׵ԭͷ䣬һǻһ¥ݿ¥ӵмһ׳Բһͷɢҵ첲СԲ棬˿á
˺ҲǸоҵĵ̧ͷһ˳üС۾ͣһȥʮ˹ƶûþȣֻŻСѵ͡
Ŀ䣬İֱĿʣ˭ʲô
һ˵ֱӾҪ¥ݵĵطߡ
㻰Ҳش𣿡⽩ʬм䲻ͻȻҾ͸оͻȻһɾ޴ֱӰǰҸܷ
ҾԱߣģҶʱŵһɶһöûϴˣɼܱĲ˵ɳζԴβˣ˵ˡ
ôģңһʹҴֳһ˿
ҸоԼãҲˣ˵
ʬͻȻ˫˲ӴɫѪ죬Ҳһɾ˵ʬ̧ͷҵĲӾҧͻȻЩͨ졣
ʬʹĲҽ˫Թ޵ĿңزȻ㣬㣬˭ܽҪɱ㣡
Ȼʬͷ׺ݣȴ˿ãۿ˵һҲǵزڶɱҵ˶ֻ֮࣬һ
ʬ֪ʹԼǴ
ҲоܶˣʬӦþǽʬԼʵͻͷҸоԼ֮ܶ󣬸æ¥ܣװB͵ˣһСװSBͲֵˡ
֮ǰҲ׼ˣЩһ˵ɶƨЩһﶼǻ˼ǧ֣Щ˾ɲǺܶС˵Щ˼ǧ껹øʮǸƭ֡
ֻС˵ڡ
һЩһţԼǺˣȻǽӡ֮ҲǲܣҲ̫ǿ
ϵڶ㣬ڶ㿴͵һֻ࣬Ҫٺܶࡣ
һͿ¥ݣҲһĺ۽ʬĺèһ֪ģҾǿŷʹܡ
ûʲôΣգżֻʬҲ͵һһֻʹķйԼķŭܿͻᱻķӡס
ܿҾֱӳ嵽˵ڰ˲㣬Լ˼飬û뵽ķӡôЩʬѹġ
һϵڰ˲㣬ͳ¥ݵķȥͻȻһһΣգ
ǺҵֱģҸһ͸оȩ̈ͷһһӰͳ˹
æԱһ㿪£ӰҲ֮ǰվλá
走۽ʬٶȺÿ죬Ҫ֮ǰо˲Ծ㲻£ʬ¥Щʬ£Ҿͼ˹ֱӳҵĲץ
Ž˳ԴȥԱһ㣬һҲֻļҾ͸оĽһֻʬ
һֱҼԺĽ⽩ʬȻûá
ҲԣȻǽʬҲǸ۽ʬһȼģ⽫ȻĹͷģϾǹͷǽܺʵʵڵĺ۽ʬȰ
ҵĲ˲䱻ֻʬסˣſֻʬ⽩ʬһɫӵĹ棬ҲӵƤܿ͸Ƥһ
ز㻹ʬ˻ƣг˶Եزĺ⡣
ôûӡѹסҾȵ˳˵
ߣǲȥ棬Ϊѹסңһ˵
üͷ֪⽩ʬɶЩ϶֪ƳɱˣҪɱҿɲ҆£ֱӾɱˣûֱ֣˵ɱң˵Ŀġ
Ҳݣŵزӣ˵Σջᱣôôƨðˣ
װBʱ͵װ˵ʱ͵ˣæ˵úϴˣҲǵزҽг»ԣˣ޳޷
Ҳ֪زǲɱЩʬȫңһôȥزǼһ治ʡģô


433 ʮ㣡
زתʲôʱ⵨Сģˣʬһ
ȥզˣ𣿵زСӲҲתֶǺôôЩһǰһ۾ϳҡ
ҪɱɱϻࡣһˣҲûãĲУҾӲġ
𣿡ʬһЦ˵ҿ᲻ɱ㣬һҳȥأȥɣȥ棬Ȼ˻ɱ㡣
˵ʹİˤڵϣôһˤһ۵Ҫҧһһۣ⽩ʬתͲˡ
һЩһ̫˵ɣôΪȥ޲˷ӡһᱻĽʬ׵
ƨɣպ˽ȻЩ۽ʬûɶãҲûˣİǿŷģھŲȥھŲĿռѾСˣֱҲͶʮҰɣɶⶼûУտյģֻһ۵ĽʬڵϷˣҲҲǵġ
Ҿ͸оһǲǻʲô񲡣Ͼһطؼǧ꣬һ˵ʵǿһ棬Ǳظǧ꣬Ҳõɶ񲡣Ҳ԰ԽϵĽʬʵԽǿΪԽزӵķԽԽѹһǸһﶼûþ񲡣һǼһô͵þˣ
۵ĽʬûҪҵ˼ҲԽңæһ㡣
һȥŵһɲζʮѾǸֱʮ׵ԲС䣬͸¥࣬Ȼ󣬵ȸСȫӣһ©
һԱߵϿһƾɷƵ飬ɶҲʶǹŴдġ
˲漸ЩһãһҲڰ˲ǼһһͺɱɱھŲ񾭲һ
ģطһһְ꣬ƽĸоŵ鼮Ǹϼһʡ
ʮ㲢ûпǿӣ֮һֱǿӵĸӦҲʧһɶüͷռBOSSоһˡ
ӣϸҵǿ壬ֻҪһжˤ壬
ҽŵôһɼܵʱʬ̧ͷһۣȻҵһЦ˵ˣ
仰ʺһһ
̧ͷʱҲǿֻʬòǺͨûʲôģйɲɣָֻЩйµϲУװģ룬Ӧþʰɡ
ɡʬָԼӶǸ˵
ûҲ֪һҪ
Ǹоҵľ裬˵ģҲ˺ģʱᣬһҪ֪𰸡
𰸣ֵʣԼҲߵˣ⽩ʬһ㣬Ȼ˵ʱ˺ңӦǲģϾԽˣԽעسŵǻ˻ߺ˶
ز˵ǧ֮˽УǸ𰸣Ըǧԭ򣬲ȻΪһŵزѹǧꣿ΢΢ۣ۾
ۣ
ɫҶôϣɫäѰɫϳףò۾ûɶ⡣
ݣ鱨̫׼ˣ˵طȫǺ۽ʬôôͻȻܳգʼһɼĿֲձһսҿǿУЩһֱӳǾԲκ˷ԵģԸ⹩ݡ
߲Ҳ⣬ЩһѾ˳׵ʵ
走ҪǰһΪǰĵزǸԴ󱯵ˣһ١
֪ʲô𰸰ǵز϶ӡһ˵ʲô𰸣ԴżһŶԣһԴҲǹģţǧꡣ
Ǹ磬Ҳ֪ɶ𰸣ǲǼǴˣ˵Ҵˣҿ۽ʬС˵
ڰ˲Ǹ۽ʬܲ۽ʬƸûˡ
ز׿˵ʮĵһˣǸҴ𰸵ˣǵزת᲻֪𰸰ɣʬ˵ǵĻҾɱ㣬ȥҵزѯʱǡ
һ˵Ҫɱ˵赭дģоɱҾ͸ɱֻèһ򵥡
𰡣֪˵֪أܵøҵʾɣæ˵
۽ʬֱĿңʣ治֪
˴ƭ˵ġ˵
۽ʬ̾˿һԵһɫҵһ˵ʾ𣿡
۽ʬ¶һ˿һЦҡҡͷ˵Ҹ˵һΣһУСŮĹ¡


434 СС
Сż񵽵Ӥּ˲֪գͽܣΪݶȣ𷨡
С쳣£ĺйЦкжͦϲɵɵżϲСС
ܿС͵˰꣬׵Сһľ˴Ϊ֪Ҫһλ㣬ľܵǰɨŵĿݻҶ
ʱеĺжװǰʼȺСһȤԱߵĿԷ
ЩѾϰСķ֮Ǻӣûй
ʱ֣һһ̶֧ӴԶ̶ӼΪɣмɫΣȵǰǰĴξ߳һλʮ꣬һ۵ˡ
СҲǳԾСȻСе鼮ɲ٣ûҲᷭģ۷ƷµĴʷȻƷµĹ٣ƧӭôһλˣѾʵס
ҲˣһλɫµĹˣһС߰꣬ۺɫȹӣɿˡ
Ϸһ˵ǰӭ˵СĴ٣ıǿôҶֻСĵĿˡ
СͬڵĻǸӽСŮСŮҲǶͻȻͿСƤĳСһͷ
ûءԱߵĹ˿СŮľٶЦһȻСŮǴٱ߽кҲӭλ˽
ֻСıŸղСŮԼͷ龰ԼСͱŮǳɷ谭
ССһ죬СӣĶʲô£ֻǸоղСŮԼͷ۸ԼĪЩˣҲܻ
λںеݷ𣬳⼫Ǵٺͷ˹ڷǰһֱСŮһСоܲˣתܳãĺҲϾСӣ£Է
СŮܳãĺԺ
СҲ֪ʲôطܳģﻹһĴиĵͻȻһʯӾʹСŮͷϡ
СŮ۵İѽһһһӷССԼ֣ȾʦܣСŮҲʹ׷ڴվס
ܽ˷ãСܵʦıŮСû취һƨڵϣ
λ˵û˵һ˱۸Ҳ΢˵Сʦ㶼ˣȥԺ˼
Сһֱ谮ԼʦЩܻغԺ
СܲףΪʲôһֱϲԼʦҲԼŮԼɷ谭Ҵ谭ⲻӦø˵
ССԶԾСʱʱǽһš
ͻȻһֻСԼĹͷСͷһǸղǸСŮСƲ죬
СŮĵСЦ˵Сбˣɶְ
㡣СҡͷʾԼϲ
Ŷԭв㣿ֵ֡СŮЦ˵
Žв㣬ҽССĵһۣСŮͦ˵ģҲæҽܵҽС
ССЦݷ˴СҲʦȥмǿĶûʲôСʱСЦݣȻסˡ
㿴ʲôСʡ
Сعæҡͷ˫ֺʮӷ𣬹Ȼʦ˵öԣŮȻҳɷ谭
˵תͷܻ˷䣬˫ԼС
Сһס죬СǺСˣ죬ʦæͣûʱԼ
ССȥɽժҰ׽ԲصϷСǴ˼ҵĺӣûЩϷҲǺϲСһˣ
š
ҲʱСһȺһվſλ͡
СĸҲǳŵÿ궼ݷ졣
Ȼÿ꣬СŸĸݷ𣬶ҶСϺü죬˶С£ǸоͶԷһܸˡ
С±ˣ͵˸ҲԽԽá
˶ʮ֮ʱСҲҹУҲӭСݷӡ
СһܵСĹ뷿ȥѰСˣĻȴסԼɣҲֻ˵˷Ըġ
ǹһʱСʳóԷʱССѾǳͤͤһ׼ӣСһۣĶĺвɫǺ졣
С߹ȥС˵СȴֱӺǳ󵨵ĺУûйأ
СԴ¡һСôˣ


435 ߣ
С֮ʱͻȻСԼ΢΢˸͡
ϵط
С˵ϵطСͷһݣʱȻҲʮ壬Ҳбʫ飬֪Ϊ˴֪ڵ⣬ĬͷԼϷԷ
֮СܵĺԺȻСûþСڶΪ΢˶СɫԺ󣬸Ư
С˵ΪС׵ʱ϶СҲ˵ģìܣСҲԲڴ֮ͥºǳԼһʲôԭ
С΢ԥ˵СԺҿܶݷˣҲһΰݷˡ
ΪʲôС⡣
С˵ѾǴƵĻ裣ӽ쿪ʼҲٽСԺҵıɣ񻷡
Сһʱһ㶣ʵ֪ûнϾһǺУһȴǴƷԱŮλ⣬Сȴûһô硣
Сԣˣ뿪ĺԺ뿪ԭֻ˵ܵط
죬ҪߵʱСҲ˾һľ
ʦҪסСᶨĳԼʮʦˡ
ʦԾСķӦµһֻ˵𣿾ɷĻ᣿
Ѿˣ쳣С¶һ˿ᣬһֵǰۿʦӲТԺ̷ʦϡ
˵꣬СϺпͷ̾˿˵Ҳգȥɣնȥˣĳݲ£Ҳʡ뿪֮ûа취
СһָʦͷԼ˼Լʦβ֪ôΪ˰Լ
ɫӵ˵СҪߣʦҲûʲô㣬һ侯棬Ǿģģ㲻
˵ֱȥȥˡ
СԼʦ˼˼Լзִ磬ܸɳɵ¡
ԼһСܸʲôɵأСѾãֻҪСúãǾˣԼⱲӾԱ߸һӵĻǡ
˱Ͼݷֵ꣬ӻҪģͬСԼϴӡ
뿪ʱСҲоԼ˲䳤˲٣ͷһԼʮ»ɽ£Сڴţ»ɽͷС˵Ӵұ㲻СңΪ»ɽϣлᱨ»ɽµĸλ
»ɽ뿪»ɽ£ص
»ɽҲ֪˵ݣ˽˾ΪƷµĴʷ
ԭ˸»ɽŵǿŵĹǰ»ɽ⣬⹤˻ôΪܽӴСڰ»ɽǿҪ£ֻøų񻷵
»ɽʮҲÿ춼棬һ㣬ͿʼѧգһҲ˵ãƽʱҲܽ
СǺοࣿСڳǰһ죬ҵ˰»ɽʡ
㲻ܺһҲҪػһ»ɽԥĻش
ʣҷҶҲΣ
ɱǡǴСѬյİ»ɽҲǺԥ˵⻰¶һ˿жҡͷ˵ԷλȨأ
ɱ»ɽС˵ССѾˣ۸㣬ҾԲŹ˵θҩȨأǻʵۣҲɱ
ˡ񻷳ס˰»ɽ죬֪ǽж仰ñ
ȻȻһҸģ
񻷳ˣޣϾǼ޸ңޣǵĸȨףأ»ɽҲǻ裣裿һ˲ţдЩȨһ㡣
֮»ɽԽԽһĬԣϲ˵ֻ˵Ż¶Ц˵䡣
裵Ƕ񻷼ã֮檣ڵʱȨ˵һе飬»ɽҲʮ⣬оҵһ˼ҡ
Ҳֻ࣬ͻȻһ죬ܵ»ɽǰҸ˰»ɽҪԼӡ
»ɽһŭСôģС˵裾Ȼͬ޳ܵҪ󣬹ͻԼȥʹˡ
»ɽʱ񻷸Լߣȴ˵ҪԼˣԼĸˣ»ɽҪ˵ֻС޸һˣ˺úùӣ»ɽȻǺСȴƷᱻתã㴥˰»ɽĵߣһСĵߣ


436 İʷ֮
»ɽ뿪ˣû֪ȥСҲ񻷣ҲӦн˹Уʮ֮ڱͷõĹͷûмٽСҲûٽ񻷣ƺΪ
һ֮󣬾һսܿУΪ»ɽ
ǹҲǰ˵˲ٰ»ɽĺû֮»ɽ˧عΪӣǧ¬Ԫʮ꣬»ɽΪƽ¬ʹİµõڵĺøкΡ
Ԫʮ꣬Ӫݶ챦ԪΪƽ¬ڶʹ챦أ淶ڶʹӱɷʹʮأּӶڶʹ˽ӱɽһľ¡ȨܷΪƽ
ʱİ»ɽѾȨƼأҲ˽̸üΣĶȹǰ»ɽȴᣬ϶ڹ˽˽
ʮ󣬾ѾΪ»ɽѾЩ֮ʱ»ɽڻǾٱ췴ˡ
ǵð»ɽһκԼĶԻ
ѾǵͯӦѾѧ죬ڵҲӵٻҵ˼𣿡
ΪµĳޣԵڲŻ£˵ȨƸǰҸѡ񣿡»ɽ֮
ȻȨƸ̫ѣαȥ׷󣿡
㣬ҵ룬ʮδϣ֮ѣűΪ룬򵥵飬Ŀˡ
»ɽش֮뿪
ȻʱĴǿʢ»ɽεжȻʧܣʷϼشһ飬˵ʷٲȥص顣
»ɽɱδʷдΪʮѰһķʬ
ʷأ»ɽԼ׽̫ɱʵϰ»ɽͳΪһֻϵĽʬδɱ֮󣬰»ɽҲ˲ףˣ˵˶˽ģǿסģǲָǵġ
һİʷ֮ҿʼˡ
»ɽ뿪Ӫ뿪ЩԼԭΪĹ£ܿʹϢЩӱƵľ
һϣפഺĴ˵ҲʼڴƵ䴫˳
ߣء
ǵʱ䴫˵ֽ֣һһΪصĵۣĵʿƿ˳ϡ
طܿͳΪ֮أӿء
ȻѾоԣɳ˵ľǰȥ𣬿˵ľȴȫʧ١
ܶԭ֮˽ۣ֮ʱȴعԽԽ
ڣԭƳķסˣĵ۵ĵʿҲʼʾ˵Ǽð֮¡
ǬԪ꣬һع۵Ļ֣ٵʿɮɵĽǰعۣ߰ȴȫû֮أʬ֪ȥ
ȫƳĹ߲㶼ˣĴ˵ع֮в佫ڳһ֮ʱʱĽǾн
Ǿ귽ʮɮǵʱƳ𷨵ĶüγֶԸ˶Դв
˶ѯʽǾô죬Ǿֻ˵һ֣⡣
ȻǾ㿪ʼдţҪȫƵɮ˶æǵҲ⣬Ҳдæ
ҽǾҲǽۣһһǧֻʬȼһ
ǬԪ꣬Ǿɮ˵ˣعۣ˫չս
ȻʱƳʢУɮЩʬȴɱ˫˶رĴǾԵزغ귨ٶɮˣǾԲŵĴۣŵزӣһŷӡǧʬ
»ɽǵʱعǿĽʬ۽ʬ֮ʮֻ۽ʬԭΪʵԶҡƸû뵽زȴֱɱֻ۽ʬ
Ҫӡˣ»ɽ۽ʬŶڵĺޣΪ۽ʬزЩӡǾԲܷӡסԼġ
ǵزȴһŵ𰸵ĳŵΪ»ɽô£޷Ҫһ𰸣һС֮Ĵ𰸣һԼ꣬벻׵Ĵ𰸡
Ŷ𰸵ڴͬˣһǧֻʬӡǧʬڣⳡ˵Ľʬ¼Ҳʱ֮Ϊʷ֮ҡ

һĹ£˵𾪣ʷϲдİ˵»ɽʲôĺˣȻʶҸŮϵʲôġ
ڴӰ»ɽ˵Ȼ˵һ¡
»ɽֵ񣬵һЦ˵ʲôֵ𣿡
ʷдġҿ˵
ңҺСʷôдˡ»ɽﴫһ˿ڴ
ʵʷ϶԰»ɽļ˵˳»ɽǺһЦ˵ʷ飿ⶫʤдġ


437 زӰ
ͬⰲ»ɽ仰ʷȷʤдģʷ⣬ȫš
»ɽʣڿԸҵزǸ𣿡
仰˿»ɽ˿ĭ˵ɱɱң˵Ǹ𰸣ҵȷǲ֪
Ҳûʲôƭ»ɽ뷨ճ־ͱĨˣһƳڶʹ൱ʡʡر˵ǧ꣬ļһ˵ǴҲǶı̣ƭŹˡ
֪»ɽҵĻüͷûзŭ˵˵֪أ˵㶼֪Ǵ𰸡
˵˵ҺС飬˵ˡ»ɽȻǧ꽩ʬľӦǺ𲨶ģһᵽ𰸵ʱǻ¶һ˿ڴ
ðɡСҲͿλûˣĻ˵ְ˵ԣȴӦң˵ɶ㶼
С»ɽͷϵȴ
˵һʵȢСûôӣ緹ɺܶ࣬㻹ףȻǮǮȻײôһʼ뷨ԡ
ȻСǹ٣ҲǸƷµĹԱһһŮ㣬ǲȢġ
ϾŴŮӵλɲʲôŮƽȣʱŮ
»ɽˣ˵ͷû˵
ҿŴ񻹲⣬Ҳ˵оҲ췴ô鷳ֱʵߵˣǺͻʵۺȾƵʱĸһǺܷ㻹ô߼ĽʬɱӦòѵİɣ
˵ô򵥣»ɽҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ⷽȷʵ̫ˣ˵ô򵥣ˡ
˰»ɽĻȻһôˣ»ɽһǵʱڶʹ佫ϱȨأҺЩɾ͸һӢ彩ʬƬСӣǰԼôôץһ
뵽⣬ҿһ£»ɽģ𰸣ǿ϶˹صġ
˼һᣬ˵һµزʲô˼ˡ
ţ»ɽŤͷҡ
֪ĴʵҲ֪زҲ𰸣زǧ꣬ĿӦԼ𰸣˵ӵĵһ˽𰸣ʵӵĵһ˲𣿡
һǵúƣұ𰸳˵ֻа𰸴֮˭ֻ֪ԼͨĻԼ¡
ҿŰ»ɽ΢ͷһ˼ҵҲ˿һڻ˽ȥҲǰ»ɽ
ղһϯƭͷԲ̫˿϶©ٳӼһģԴһֱӾͶһˡ
ǰ»ɽᣬΪǴˣԽǴԽϲѼ򵥵ĶøӻȻԴڻøֲҸղһϯе©˾Ǵ˵еĴˡ
»ɽͻȻվ̾˿֣һһŽõģ»ɽ˵ǵزѹʬӡ
ʲôѹЩʬҾȵĿŰ»ɽ
»ɽһЦȻΪһŵزѹֻ۽ʬ
»ɽӵݵҵУ˵ⱾӦ͸Ķ㻹㡣
أҽӹӣиܵ˺֮ǰǿһķ⡣
»ɽһۣȻԼ𰸣һ벻ǧĴ𰸣زϣ㲻ƭҡ˵֮󣬰»ɽֱʧҵǰ
»ɽʧ˲䣬ͻȻʬãӡʼˡ
Ҷʱͷˣ»ɽ˵öԣ⿿һǷӡסô߼ʬġ
Ҹûзӡ֮
ڷʱͻȻеҲǹâһ۵Ĺâ
һγҵǰ۾ˣز
ҳһģһļһ˲ǵز˭
һģһһɫۣװֵġ
ãز۾һģһļһ˵ĸо͸оҺ˽ֺһָ֪оһ
ָоܹ֡
µһӰµӱ֣õӵ˿϶ҵתԣҪ˵飬ҪǺãһظŴʷܲȵظһεĽѣͿˣҵתزӰ˵


438 
ʬĲڼұ㿪˵زܲһ££ô˵°
زӰ˵ͷ˵
һ˵ڣ˲˿ζˡ
ˣ˵˰ɣز˵һеԴôʼĺﴴֻ̨˵𡣡
ʼǷ˵ظصĿռ䣬طԼɱﵱʱ㴴ֻ̨Ȼ͵ʱλЩȫϵ˿ռһ䣬ǲٳ񡣡
Ȼµظظˣγʮѵظ򡣡
ǲ֮ǱֱӴʮ˲˷ĻᣬڵʱĵظϣҲʹ಻ҲЩܿ࣬µظնڹ
ˣķ̣ǵȻ˫Ϊ˵ظãּͬȻͬ
ز˵÷ƵģҰһۣѾ˵ȥն˵ȥ̵ģ˼ܸɫŹˡ
λ֣ЩɵҲԹžеģԲ֡
ʧˡͻȻز˵һֱǵظ߻ܣҲѰһõطֻĸ߲֪ͻȻʧģظλߵˣ׻ȥʲôطأ
û˵Ǿŵزġ
з˵زˣȥУɥʬԼıԡزһϧָزıһ٣Ѿúõûȥ˼ҵ̸ɶ϶ֲˣ¶һϧ
ҪңֱӾͰھϯˣȻˣҹС֮ĶȾ֮زԸҲСˣСˣȻҵ뷨زϣ֮ǰЩ
׼ô죿磬Ще֣ҳزʡ
زҡͷ˵еֺɱһֱӵ㣬Ϊһ顣
˵ֻҪ͵飬¸̵ɶĻⲻġʼ磬ҲˣЩһôѹեԼҶѹ첻ǰ첻
ܼ򵥵顣ز˵Լʱڳ
ʲô˼ֵʡ
زڵһ޷ǾҪ˼һһǣҲֻҪ㳢˼ͻصز֤֮λ
һҲɵزأҲأҿʣνĵزܲȱϲɣ
Ѿܿˣϲŭ塢飬飬飬Ͷ֮⣬϶Ѿгɹˣ㱾ҪǿջһһҲǲܷԼף˼УȻĵ֮λز˵
ΪҿЦһ˵˵Ҷ֮λȤô
˳ݣ𹩷㲻زʡ
֮λǵزǾãҺ£ҵģǾͿ϶ҵģҵģôҲܲ˵
ܺãһأѾˣ֮λ㶼ܺѾ󡣡زһ̾ĳ˵
Σɶ˰ûȤ룬Լ棬һȺ˹ԼǰԼ㣬Լô붼оԼһǾͲԼдSBֵ֣ɶϵ
زһģ̾˿˵ز˵Ҫôɡ
ԺˣԭֹЩʬģû뵽ǽʬͷͷԼѹЩʬȻʬͷͷˣԭΪҿԴֵʱͻȻزһܳ
Ҿ밲ĵץģôô
ˣ󡣡ز̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ʹˣȻҪڶʱڻΪزʦˣڵظֵйĽʦı£ҲΣأһһĸ֣˵ˣȫڵΪز˷Ѿһ˵ˣúÿǡ
ţüͷû뵽һﾹȻôһףʣ˵ұɵزܺϲһ𣿻ǣ˼𣿻ܣа𣿡
һӡزӰóһӣʲôʱãӶһصزϣһеϵ򡣡
ҽӹһӣӷֿźʣ㻹ûشңұɵزܺϲһ𣿡
ܡ


439 Ļ
ҳ³һ˵ͷʾԼˣ˵飬Լúÿһ°ɡ
ǧʬҪôܵҰɡҳӰʵ
زӰٺһЦǾֻ۽ʬֻܣҲһزµĲӰʲôã֮ǰסǣҲʬһ˿
ᣬ˼ǣҿӰ
Цġ˵һӡ
ҺӰʬ棬ԭʵʬȻѺۣǧٿףʱģ
ǲǾ𣿡زָյ̧ͷһԭѪղ֪ʲôʱм侹ȻһɫУڶһ
ʲôҿǺڶһУһһϢΪҸоϤĸо¾ꣿ
ҾȵĿϣǺڶȻ¾Ϣ
еľǣһͷزʡ
زͷǡ
ֻ۽ʬܴ𣿡ҵ¾ȻǰٹڶĹֻ۽ʬҲرֲġ
ǸɫͻȻһɫ׵˸
ʬ滹һʬĺڶ׵սһ
¡ԽԽ󣬶ʬѺҲԽԽҼƲŤͷܣ˴ףʬҲСһ롣
ͻȻʬм߲ĴƽһһӰʹ˳Ժ󱳺󳤳һԳףɫĳ
˫һ£ˢһϵǹɺɫУɫҲ߳һӰҵһοµ˵Ŀ¿ʮ߰꣬Ͳ󣬳ôݰףһСģϻһɫװ
¿ֻ۽ʬԼʧ룬ֻһȦͻȻ䣬ֻ۽ʬǰҲһȦ۽ʬһע⣬ֱӳ˽ȥȦ֮Уæ£ԭɷĽʬѾټ
ǡ硯ҾȵĿµֶΣʵڲµʵȻҲֻڰٹĵµʵҵĸоȰ׹ˣҲԣٹ񲢲һֻ߼ı¾ܶǵλõģǰչǱŵġ
򵥵˵ȻҼǸ׹ܴ򲻹ڵ£ֻͬʱΪĻôǰ׹١
Ȼԡ硯֤ǰ׹֮λҲǴġ
ʹҡҡԴȥʱ򻹺˼ɶⰡҸղź˼ʱʬڵľֻʬѾ̵ĳ£Ȼ¸սԼ硣
ô򵥾𣿡˿ǡ硯ҿǼʶģȥ˳¹ˮȻûܻų
һԻҵĵزӰڵ̫۽ʬˣ˵̫˽۽ʬֶˣֽʬô׵ľһֻʰˣ˵ֻˣɣǸġ硯ǹزסֻʬõġ
Ȼֻʬ֮ɫȻ΢΢ף䵽ǰһںɫĹ˳Ѫǲˣæ߹ȥĺʣû°ɣ
ҡҡͷԱߵĵزӰ˵ɱҰɣҺ͡硯ֻҪɱңǾֻʬֻͨҲǲܻˡ
ӷ𡣡زһЦ˵֤֮ôɱˣĻɱĻᡣ
ز㵱ڴʱתһæû취ҲɱңҾͷųֻʬˣɫ˵ǲ԰˼֣óǾֻ۽ʬġ硯沢ʵͣڡ
ҷȱ£ұȰ˵㣬ʮ˲Ҫѹ㣬Ϊ˰㣬쳾Ӧ쳾Ӧز˵˵ģҲҲԼıӦ㶮𣿡
ʲôӦҵǧﶼûл壿º侲ʣزҡͷﲢǽףһ˵£ÿݷܶϾҲˣڵظյܻģֻеֱӱӦϵʱŻ
ǺǡЦһҡҡͷ˵úІ£һѵĴֻ۽ʬһѹҡ硯ˣȻǾԳġ
֮ǰһص£ͻȻվֱӣһɵģղģװģ
еͿˣº͵زĹϵܸӣһѣҪǸղ¼װˣѵ뿴ز᲻ɱһһôоĻ飿


440 £
ڸô죿ûа취ˣǰ£ֿ˿زӰزӰŤͷ˵»ԣɱɡ
ΪʲôҡҡͷȻһֱĹҶûлӡ෴ҶӡرãճֵʱͰңֳֻ۽ʬǣɱԼҲܲ
㲻𣿡زӰָ˵ϸĿ
˳ŵزӰָ˹ȥʱһԥ֮ɫ
ˡز˵Ѿʶ֮ǰ˶ٵĶ£ҪֲԼ֮ǰĴ¡
ԣز˵Ķԡ̾˿ڵظ֮
СؤСŸĸܵҪĸȴײһٱ֮ٱɱҺҵܵܡ
ҵܾܵΨһȥ˾ʹԼȥҪжҶҵܵܳԱô˵ļֻ̤ҪҿҵܵܵЦݣҶǡ
ǵʱǸǳؾȻͻߣҺܵܶҰ˹ǲУٸץǣ˵ҵܵаǣҪǲߡ
ұˣ̫󣬲ǿаǵҪ󣬵֮ʱܵڹ㳡ѾҵܵѾճɽ̿һʬ
˵ţ˫Ѿͨ죬ҲΪʲôеʳǡһ˾ҪҪ֡
ҺްҺΪʲôҪǣɱˣɱ֮ȻɱǸСǳˣߣҵܵܵǵҾɱǣд𣡡º˫ۿŵز
زҡҡͷ޴ɱܵܣɱǣ
Ҫ㣬Ҳôɡ˵
Ҵˡҡͷ˵ɱһ֮˺Ȼڵɱˣҵʱȷ˷֮Уڵظұ룬ɱЩ˵˻᲻Ҳʹأ᲻Ҳҵʱǰأ
˵ˣ㶮ˡز˵
ԣɱҰɡ¿ңָеĽ
ҡҡͷæ³˵죬ֻ۽ʬʡ͵ĵƣҪǳҲӡסǣ죡
ҾĿ£̾˿̧˽ۣʹĳµؿڴȥ²ûеֿں壬ܿ͸ȻӽſʼһıӨ׵ĿɢڿС
Ȼ֪ѣ»ԣزϣ֮˹øãƽ磬ƽˣùƽһɺã¿ң˵仰󣬱ʧһɶ
˵ǻʵ𣿡ãȻĿǰ棬ԭվλã֪ΪʲôղµĻҵĴ̼ܴ
ܣΪ˴ڡز˵ҲпܣΪڡ
Ǵ첻άֹ
ҿ˿ڶ㣬˵ڸô죿ڶ㻹кܶཀྵʬ
۽ʬѾЩʬǳ岻ڶռ䣬ص˼ģԷġزұȥʲôʱָز֮ͿԼˡ
ˣҳȥɡҵ˵ͷ
زһӣ˫һڣһعʱѾǧʬڴǸˡ
ӳˣͻȻҾĴ̧ͷһ磬㣬ᣬϣëһٵȫվ棬ֻǣ滹վһȦȫװľˣЩ˶ǹʵģмŻͲ
ͻȻɱ»ǺǵѡģȻˣǾֻ۽ʬҪǳˣøļ֧ͥ顣
ôû°ɣܵұϣϵ
ô˵ɵ˰ɣҲһĵܵǰǵĿҡ
ʱҸɱˣΪҲֻʲô񣬻ҵϱֵܣΪǡ
ɶأõúܣǼֻ۽ʬСһˡҳȥʹ§סķ㡣
ιιιɶأ컯֮£ҵϷҺӣˣӣһ
һŸƨȥˣģŪ㡣
᣿һˡҲ˿ʾһҲûа֢˸еǸͷϻܴùһ
Ϻëǰ˲ûй˵ȥǾӵ˵ЩʲôҲзһűľһ
ԱֺǺǵļˣһЦȥʲôĵ


441 ͻȻ
֮˵ʲôҪǳԷ˵ʲô칦磬Ҳȥأǿϣ㷲֣㷲ᡣ
Һͷ˼ˣ˻سɶķɻ
ڷɻϣҲǧʬڵһи˷㣬еһУҲԷʲôܡ
󣬾üͷʣ˼ɵز
ţǸزӰûƭҵĻǵġҵ˵ͷ̾˿е֣ҵ˵ӣҾͲ˵ʲôˣֻɵزҲġ
һۣԱߵķ㣬ϱⱲû뵽
ûЦһͻȻЦһ˵ϹģҸԺԲĸɶ˵ˣ˵زԺҲǵزϱô붼
һԸЦķ㣬ͷû˵
Ҳ֪֪Ϊز󻹻᲻ϲΪز»ûںˡ
ҸоʱҾ͸ĺӡ
ҿŷֿŵӣҸоӾ͸ӵǸһ
ͻȻˣ׺Ӵǽʱʹ࣬ǶϼӵĲᡣ
ʲôأ۾ǰ˻ӣһع񣬸Цһ˵ûɶҰ㡣
ɵһһۡ
ҺٺһЦץס֡
ĵʱµķɻɶϤĵڶ磬泵ˮ˸ʿϳԺ已ʣС椣ȥĹ֣ٶҶᡣ
УΪҾͻôЦ˾˵ȥ̳Ҫ
Ҳ֪ʲôаƽʱ㷲ָо۵ҪȴоòŷСŮһǰıоġ
ߣˤšںһ͸Ͻȥ

һֱŷ㵽죬۵ҪÿοŷЦݣʱһ
˭ĸǰ˵û氮ڣҾһӸȥ
ܶ˵ϱΪԼ뿪ʵⶼǳԼϱõ㣬һŮģڲں
ͼҲˣ绹һģ˻ʱҺͷպڹأ͸Ҵ˸绰ҳԻ
Ҵŷ㵽˻ſڣ͵ˣҲ˲˵ˣЦǺǵ£˵ɶʱ鰡
һ˵֣Ǹ˵ôҶˣë鰡
絹Ǹɣ˵黹ֺǺǵģҳĬһ˵ûˣɣһ취ٵģ㲻˵ˣôҾӸꡣ
ɶ˼ͻȻ͵ʣʲôɵز
ҵʱǧʬ黹ûиҵ˵ͷ˵ûѾӣֻҪӷһҾͻɵزˡ
˿˵磬ôˣҲ֪ʲôʱͻᵽظǸʲôزԣɣõֵܵĻҶûвμӣΪһźġ
ɶأôͻȻȥظУ˵翴ˣ෴ŭ⡣
Ұʦڵظе޵˵˳֮üʣˣ㻹С㣬ɾ͵ظİ
ҵ˵ͷظЩ޸˵Ļ˼ĻǾͻ޴Ͷ̥ʱأһ򡣡
ԼԸɡ˫ֱĿңȻ˿վȻֱӵϥǰ˵ϱҰ㣬޸ҡ
⡣̫ͻˣûӦһ㵵Ŀ磬˫סͣĲš
ץץͷʣǲ̫ͻˣû׼䣿
ǣѵΪ˻Ӳҽģ꿴ʣϸ˵Ǵڵġ
ƨ˭˵ģԼ˶ãǸ׸ë˵˸ҼԪˣҾûɶĵˣϱ޸Ұɡ˵ȻϽȥ䣬ٶȣ
ŶŶҶû뵽ôͻȻվܵſڣպ·а̯ģһǮĲָֽ˻ȥҲ߶ʮһֱӸˣҲһҸ
һԱߵķ㣬һĽĿ꣬̾˿û˵ܱ֤ɶˣҳ˵鶼ˣ׼ʲôʱ񣿡
죡վһϲı顣


442 ĵ֮ҹ
ææˡ
ͻȻ˵Ҫ飬֮ǰһ׼ûУãҪ׼ɶһ֣Ǯ
ǡǲȱǮģڶ죬Ǿ͸Ͻص˳ɶֱӴ굽ɴսգƵȫңͼˡ
Ƿͷжͷȥ磬ȥ⳵Цأ飬ܲŪõģ
ܵһר鳵ĵطһʮĹԱʣ磬鳵Ҫ
ⶼʲôóʡ
óͦģаµϣۡԱԱ߸˵
ҡҡͷʮӳֿмӳҲҹĵһ⿴Ŵ
ô೵ǹ˾ȷҵ۸񡣡Աɫԥĸ˵
˵ѵһܲǮ͸ղ˵ЩЩҲŪõĴ
ȻĿʼæһͳֻʼĴ绰С֣̩䣬ЦЦ㡣һû£˵Ҫ飬һĶ˵ϻسɶ
з壬ʦȥˣҲֻˣǸ绰֮Ҳ˵Ͼ
룬ǸǴ˸绰ȥȻǸԺֵò̫ģϾίǣ黹ǵ֪ͨһˡ
绰ǱߵǺ͸ûԺһ߸˵ĴӦ˵һᵽ
Ҳˣ˵ûչ˵ܶ࣬˵ˣ绰ûУҪëĵ绰ҲǴ˹ȥҵĻظҲ̫࣬ˡ
ǹ飬Ͼظô飬ʦ˶սأòҲҺеúܡ
¾㱸ֻǷˣҲ˷㶨ľƵ꣬ܲľƵ꣬ɣǸǼľƵ꣬ʱѾʼĻ񳡵ˣҲǴװͻɴ̨Ҫô˵֮ģĸĸ軹ҲˣЦǺǵ̨ǰྐྵء
衣ҽһ˹ȥһۣһྐྵһ˵ӽô£ôеĵأϽȥ·Ҫɵġ
ҵ˵ͷŤͷ׼ʷĻ·أͻȻˣܵԱߣץŷ־ܵǰ˵裬Ůѣк˼
û뵽㵹һ죬æͷ˵̺ãҽк˼
һ۾Цûˣ˼ʣߣôʶҼһӵģסҼˡ
ҿź˼ͨģЦ˵Ȼǰȥ٣軹ûԱ˵˼ҹˡ
ҿǼֺģҲúǆ棬Ťͷҵ˻ң˼װˣȻŷ㴩Ű·ͦÿģ룬Ļɴ϶
һֱŵҹʮ㣬ԭͦ򵥵һ£ˣѾһ͵Цһֱ鵽ʮ㡣
һʮ㣬Ұ͵ƵķϢˣҲ˸䣬ӣ׼ߣſͻȻͳ˵ӣСĵ㡣
ôˣҿʡ
ָҵĶͷ˵СӶͷǶǴɷ֮࣬ã֮ǡ
ûɶ¡ں֮ǣƾӣɵز͵ڵزˣ»ˣͷɷ
İͷԼ飬֪ġҲţġ
ЩСһԼעŵɡŵ˵ͷת߻Ϣˡ
ҿɲϢһҪһҹء
㣬ᣬҺ򷢻ȥ˯ˣҺͽӵϢˣ̩С֣㣬ĸһ͵죬ڹŲнֵһݵأƨƨߵĸϵˡ
ĸһﶼű£һϺȾأҺҲϽ£óСֺ˲٣ɫͨ죬ʹ侴ơ
Сֵ֣ܣô⡣סСֽžƵΪڹٳйٳĹ⼸Ǹ쵼ˣСȻϰԵҪùϵ
Сһͦ˼ģû¡˰֣ȻŤͷʣӣѾôͻȻˣǰ˵ΪһôƬ𡣡
㶮ƨ⻰㵱˵û£Ҫҵϱ˵ŪѾġЦǺǵƱɶҲ˵ˣΪһ֮ҹɱ


443 Ŀȫ
ɣ
˾žƱһȥ֮˾ҳʣЦЦǺأûһ
ˣڶùݸǿ˸䣬ϾõĳҲ۵òˡһ߳Բһ˵
̩ʣӣ˵˵ôͻȻˣø缸Ĭһ°
ҽɶĬġ粻ʡ
ȥˣ͵ʵʵһŮˣΪʥĬһô̩ЦǺǵ˵
ԣΪǰʥҲøһ

ϾȾƣһֱȣȵ£󾴾ƵҲǧٹ֣˵Ϊ㳤ô˧һ
ԭȵ磬һ⻰۾ˣžƣԥľ͸ˡ
ͷۣԺ۾ԱڽңһȻǷ㣬һԹĿ˵ӽ飬ȥȾƸɶ
ϱˡԴ۵Ҫࡣ
ͳֻʱ䣺㣬Ͻ𴲻·׼ȥ
ȻԴǺۣһ뵽ĴӣҿɲܵӣֱӾܵƵ귿ϴһ£žԼɫܲ԰ףͷңòӢʡ
ִʪȻҵͷץ˼£ͷ΢֮ǰôѿ֮ˮ˳˲١
߳䣬ͿһѵĻױƷڻױأֵʣϱ㻯ױɶ
˵ʲô˧ءһۡ
ҼװܳԾĿŷ㣺ұ͵ˡ
ǵ͵ˣҧҰЦһ£ָԼԱߵ˵£Ҹ㻯ױ
˫ֽ浲Լǰɶ
ױŻױƷǰ׼˵ģأҲӸӶˣ
㶮ɶҲױѾ˧ôˣҪǻױˣ˵ˣǹ˧ʵŪģģΪ˴磬ҲɵˣȥҸ˳ļһﵱɣǵҸ˧˰ҵɡ
ٷϻҺ
ˣϵģôܻŮװأ˵ΪʲôͺܷеĻױһүǣǵԼĨһŰһźģСһͺñȺЩһһһŪøСһ
ڴϼһһڷһױҳôûš
뱻Ҵȭͷҡ
ֻĨһ㣬Ϳں˰ɣȥ˵ġһЭˣΪԼӵˣڡ
˲ľǰСʱ֮ǰңȻɫԲ԰ףζʮ㣬ھңĨһĶߵջ죬ͻͿ˺޵Ŀں죬͸׶԰СѲμӸ質һͲҶͷˡ
ȥһɷǲòģμӻ񣬳Ҷ˼ţ΢ĺôǣӦϲ˭˰ɣȻ˾ͱǳ»ˣˡ
СĵĿ˿ԼУӻ̫˵㣬Щۻǵס˧ӣüӵɶҳŷȥ֪ɶϽЩױƷҳһѵĻױƷȻʹĨŪû̵ģԼžԼʶ
±˵ˣƶϲˡ
ܿˣһˣŪ˰
ܡҰ˰ֺ֣Ǻǵܳ˷䣬һ룬ԾǵҸʵ£ܲϳҡ
ҿǱ߹һỊ̇ҳȥʣ̣ʶҲ
˭̵һۡ
治ʶңϸָԼû˵ء
ϡұߵ۾ȻⰢ̸һȭͷȻ۾ۣͦ˵ҵĻױЧ
ֺǺǵܵЩһæµûңҲûʶһͻȻһʶܵԱ߳ҺôǰˣܺϽġ
ųأǰɡҲĳһ˶ҿ˹һʱܵǰΧתȦ
֨֨һЦ绹һҡͷ˵ֻ÷㻯ױŪóһ㣬û뵽㾹ȻôݣֱӸ˸ĿȫǰҪԼһϲ㡣
ҸүģҪѾĽ飬׼óȥѾһ١


444 ˭˭˰
Сһ˵ɶأƨɾһţȻܵЩĶϴ˸ɸɾŰװ׾ǲױã֪ôϲױأ֡
һص̩֮㣬䣬Сּ˿ҵ۾úܣ̩ܵԱص˵˵ӽ飬׼˸ĽĿôĿأ
֣鲻ãҡ̾˿
ܿͰ˵ˣ鳵ҲھƵſͣˣʮӳֿϣһɫӳͦ𺳵ģɫļӳҲ鳵
һȺ˺ƺƵľͿʼϳˣǰȻǸ鳵Ѷӳֿϡ
ӣҺýšڻ鳵һõ廨ҵǵ˵
Ÿɶֵʡ
һμĸ㲻Űһۡ
˵ǰǼôǮְβ
ʱ尢̣ĸݲͬ⻰˵
ǵƣ쵽ʮʱ򣬲ڽ·ͣҾסڼָСͥرãֻǸպ±ȻҲòǮβˡ
ҲʽС紩һֱװҲǣװ˵λģֻλﻹһѵĺ
ղ̩˾Ѿ˵ˣȻᶪʱʹﶪõ֮ˣҵʱһ٣ִ£Ⱥһﻹ飬Ҷе˲ܣСǮʲô̰ģҪһǣһ߸æİһĺصҵĿӵƨ
ȿȣ˵ˣʱһȺ˾ߡ
סⶰ¥о80Ĳͦƾɵģһ㣬ûеݣֱ¥
棬ӦûһٶƽʱѣкܶƷͱ죬ĸ׺ĸ״һ·絽ˣЦ길ָһ˵棬Ͻȥ
˵ͷߵſʹ˵ϱˣš
洫һЩСЦ˵ȢǾó⡣
˵ˣЩӦĹۣȺСˣҪǷں棬ҶǺˣҲУ˲а
̩ɧȥ˵ҪôⰡǸҪҪ
ԶԣӣͳȥҪҵĸܡСܵԱ˵
̩æ˵ҳȥҪҵ˿СұܻɩӣС岻ݴǡ
ֹ֣ҽأҸɶһۣ˵ҽҲûʲôʹ˼
˵ͷʹ˸ɫæ⣬ȥѺͳݸ磬һϵĺСգôô
ˣˡҿһ£ҿ۾
̾˿һץס˵ȫ˧ϣϰͽϣõͿǵı¡
˵꣬žʹһС϶ʹľͰƣ˿֮ǰЩЦƶϣԶһȺСŮ
ʱҲǷһźǮأôҾôɣҪҵ˿
һȥʱɵˣһȺֳֵ椣ƫƫúܣҿȺ椣뷴һŮİҰڴϣȻͳϺĨ
ҪôɣҾǱ۾飬ǿ⣬۽ǻʺӻһקıë椣Ҷʱ
ҪҪҪҡʶĴ
ҳȺȥ⣬Լ̩˵ԣûˣôָƯء
ʱг˵ɲôСӽеҪж˵ܡ
԰ȺҵСһȥܿͰҲغõǵѹ˳һоʹ¡
Ӣһ졣˧һִһٴҪܵͷҪǧУ
̫˧ǵĻΧһȺɵǣҶʱ§ؿڣǽǣ޹Ŀǣ괩һɴҲЦĿҡ
ܿȺɵ椴򿪺ˣʹţ߽̩֮С֣ǿȺɵǺ󣬶ʱһĿңȻͬҡ
ҵʱ͸۸Сһǽǣίÿˣ˭˭˰ҡ


445 ǽ
ܿͽеѣǰ˻ľƵꡣ
ܿҾ͸絽ƣĸĸǿϡﻩģ˵ģһӵĿ磬л۰
絽ƣԭÿȪˮƵģܶ鶼õˮȻʮһĺȣ˭Ե
ƫɣ˵ˮʾԼĳ⣬ǵþƣðѣֱ֮ӰƵķʬȥˣȻһѵѻͷȥչ˵ġ
ҿֳŴŰ·ķ㣬˵ķ̣꣬ߵƵſڣ˸̣ĳˮ̾˿
ʵǲܸʲôŵȻֱӾͺͷˣǳ˹ҲҺͷ飬ҲǳͨĹԺɵز£ұɵز֮Ƿ㣬ܶණǡ
һ̸ʲôߵԱߣһƨڵҡ
ͳ̣һȥһЦ˵ͷӹ˵УСӳһ
ͳŵȼ̡
ų˿̣һ̹˵þûˣһ£о治
ͳ£ֲ𡣡ҺٺһЦ
ҡҡͷŶͺñȼֻ꣬ȼһ룬ܹȼֻ꣬ҪȼյʱһЩԼڵɣ
˼Ťͷš
ҵļ򣺡ʲôʱɵزֻҪڲǵزھǳ»ԣ͸һЩԼڣñ˺ڵ顣
ɡĻܲŵ˼
һһĳҵȴԽԽҵһңҪʲôزˣϱѾǺͷԵ޷֣ⱲӲ÷ȡ
һȴңҾͷôأҪɵزѲɵȺͷ֮
ԥˣŤͷŴ棬д͵ķ㣬ǲõЦݣǲӦЦݸӲãӶأ
һ˹ȥϥǰüʣʲô
㣬㲻ںҵֻм죬ͣ޸Ұɡĳ已˵
ôˣûɣֵĿңϲûϲɫ
ûУˣ㲻ãұһ񡣡˵
ʱϵıʧˣʣģûҿģ
ţҺ棬ûôҵ˵ͷͻȻԶϱ׸˵Сӣš
ҸмĿһۣȻǽģܱ統ʱӵ̯Ǯָֽãҹڷǰ䣬֣ȥ㲢ûз˵Ѿסˡ
һһ𣡡
䣬С֣̩ԱĴ
ͻȻʹıסңȻ
ءӣҵȵˣҵȵˡ㱧סң۵ĳ˵
ҵ˵ͷС˵ȻܸһֱҸҸһ¡صĻ񡣡
⣬͹ˣˡſǻ˵
֮Ҳ˿ϱӣⱲӵһŵⲻǳŵⲻһֱҪ
ʱҲˣһˣʱȫ䶯ˣϾ길ĸУһ߲ʵĴѣӡ
ҺͷĻҲǾһ֮С
֮˲ûʲôҪȥµļƻֱӿʼҳﱸ˻Ҳ׼ٰ񣬳ɶҵĵڶ硣
Ұѻĵص˳ɶķ˾Ƶ꣬ĵ첢û̫ˣץֵԱ̫ˣҲһЩæҪû
ڳɶ˵˿϶
þƵȻ㷲㵽ѡɴȣ⼸췲ȫЦݣҵ䶼˺ܶ࣬໰Ҳ˲١
զôŮˣˣֱӰһ٣֮ҲᷲŮˡ
һһĹȥˣҲо˵ʱĸо˼ĵʱ
ҿʼѾԼѾԤУȥӣԽԽˡ
ĵϣ̩¡СǻҳȥһɶԣֱǹˣŷھƵķ俴ӡ
治ɣʱӰƵպòŹٰ汾ٻŮĻ꣬û˵ͿŵɳСٻĹ½УҲֻż˵ͱƯ֮ġ
ҲЦǺǵ˵ٸɳҲ˧ô


446 ʱ
㻹ϱ˱˧ټֺǺǵĳ˵
΢ԥ£ӳ⣬Щйñ˧ĵȷ١
Ϊʲô˳⣿ⲻǳĽǱ˧ôЦǺǵʡ
ĽӣһȺɵ˧磬ܺйԭĺãҶúͷ˵ˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҾǷ࣬ʼһ仰࣬ı졣
ˣҡҡͷɶأ§סԴҼϣ˿Աߵķ㣬Դ
ٻŮĻҾͻصԼķ䣬ڶһľˣǴӣһľܵҷһװ
һװоϻƽʱҶǴһţпͳûдʽ·һװо˾ϰİһ
װҡҡͷʼʱǴһװڼҴ˾ų廹˫ݵӣȻ̸СŮѣ룬Ҳͦõô
ž洩װԼʱѾϴϵǹŴװզһом䣬һ۾ܿóҸǴװˡ
ôоÿ𣿡һͷŷʣ㴩һ׵ĻɴھƵ귿һ澵ȥġ
ÿ˧Ʋһۣ˵ͷ
Ŀ϶Ҳ˲١
ڷûңҲҪŻɴֱھƵлˡ
ҺͷھƵķ棬˵ģƤҲģǽ쾹ȻǸо˺ܽţŶԾĲ
ûһߵԱߣһ£һЦ˵ôţǽô°ëѧѧ磬ⶼ¡
˼˵ҽ鲻ţ겻֪ʲôʱȻˣߵԱߣЦеʣܲܽأ
һӾվָ˵ôʥ߹飬ѧѧ磬ϸŵһû˯֪𣿽ţڴ롭
ϲǺȵ𣿡ʶ˵
ȥϱϱҽͣûǧţװġ
类꾾Ŷ˳ȥҲЦһۣ˵ЦɶЦȽʰ㡣
Сҵ˵ͷ
ܿʮһˣܿйԱ֪ͨҺͷҪȥ׼дͣŷָߣͻȻ߽һ£һƣˡ

ҾȵĿŰ˺ܶ࣬ϻ˺ܶĵ̺˺ۣʱһܶ಻򵥵顣
ôˣ
СĿŰһȻ̫֣ܶϾãҺͷ飬Ͼǰ̵ˣһ㺦ҼΣȻǲܸɫ
Цһ£Цúܲɣ˵õĻܲ𣿡
硣ԭŵķڻûסȥͱס˰ʹĿ磬ȥˣôҲʧôá
ޣˣôôУס˷㣬ĺ󱳣Ȼ˵òõĻһŪ㣬ǵزҲС
ġҵ˵ͷϱأôã
š˵ͷˣһЩ˺Ҵӵظһˣڴأȥɡ
ʲô
ʦ
ҹ˲ðȾͳȥûʦˬʵЦ
Ҳݣͽܽ飬յǮְɣӣķǮҽ
ҿʦҲһܳĺɫƤ£͸ɺڿ͵۹һվȻһܳĵ̣ûǰ˧ǶһƦλʦĸҲڲԶĵطԱߵķء
ʦҽһʦŤͷЦ˵СӣôŮ˵ģʵǲǷӽɶġ
ûʦĸԱʦһţ˼ҽأԼ֪ˣ˵˼ҶûӰ
û£СۡʦȻ˵;͸һɤżԶ㶼ˣһߵʦǰʹıһ¡
ҳʦ˵СӣһܾͲˣԼǧʬ飬ˡ
ⲻǻûô˸պãȥǴȥʦİ˰֣Χı˵ãͽҪˣ
һʱ䣬ȥʮˣŷܵм䣬Ȼϲʦ֪ɶʱѾһ׵ıǡ


447 ҵϮ
ˣôˣʦǷɵʦĸǷţȻ̨ܵϣһᣬʦŷվ
ȻĻھ߹ȥ
Ҳվ㣬һһ˹ȥߵ˷㣬ǰʦŷ֣ݵǰ˵õ㣬𣿡
ţһҷģԺĶԲ𷲽磬Ҿַ˶ģǲ㷢ĵģֻҪһģΥˣضӦ顣
ã
Աߴͷ
ûҽӹ֣ͻȻǽµĵؾȻһʹҡ
Ҳݣӣɶ°ˣֱˡԱߵӴ
Ҳݣôùɣҽ龹Ȼ
ԣ⣬ɷһɣظζ
ԭɫʦɫ䣬Ťͷ𣺡һ䱸
ʱҲŷһˣȫһ£ҲУһʮˣһʦĻϾȻ˸ַľ
ʦ˲䣬м侹Ȼһѿһӣ澹Ȼһֻҵޣ
ֻҵ޿׸ߣʮ׳ɷ֮ɫȫĹͷﻹϵĵݳںˮҺ塣
ЩҺһϵĵذש˲ѵܳһֱ׵Ĵӡ

Щͨһ¶⡣
ݣô᣿Щͨôῴõҵޣ
뿪ʦʮ˺һȻˢһγӽ
ΪʲôʦҪˣԭӽġ
ʦô£ҳԱߵʦ
ûʱͣ㱣ǵ뿪ϽġʦҽֱͣӳȥʦʹһȻ׶ߣʹһֱӰҵ޵һԴ˸ϡá
𣡡
ֻҵʹĿֻԴʦҪҧȥʦˢˢԴ⺢ҵ޲Ųĵĵ£ʬҲԼٶȸ
˿ôʦˣҵȻ˵ֲ쳣ʦǰҲǸ¾Ʋˣˡ
Ҫ⣬Щͨظ˽ͨǿ϶ֻôһֻҵ޵ġʦͷһ˲ˣæ÷뿪Ҳûߣȫ뿪ˡ
Щһʱ䣬ҽʱܳңҿǸѷ
˵ҲСĵܵѷԱ߿
ѷ쳤жʮףףѷ溮󣬴治ϵĴ磬ĵطһɫĶһһġ
ʦڸô죿ҳʦʡ
ʦûħͽ͵ظЩ޵ͳεأЩ߼޺ܴ໹Ҫ˼ͨظķȻҲУǵķˡ
й˵ȫ϶ֹһ£ӦõϮɡʦһǵ˵
ô죿ҿڣ⿴ҵСĸζġ
ģЩֻάһСʱһͨǵĴҲСǾǲ֪ôͻȻͳˡʦͻȻˣǿ϶֪һ˼ˣ֮ǰûЩΪѹǣһߣЩһͲʵˣʧ㣡
ظô𣿡ʡ
ʦ˵ͷţڵĵظ˼ѾбЩ޹ˣЩǰǶͨ˵Ǹѣ̫ˣظ̫ˣãЩҲǷֳ£̽⵽ҲͼǧֻȥôãģսҲһֻޡ
ôʮһŪǼǧֻޣÿŪһ٣˶þ˰ɡ˵
ʦҡͷʮˣȻˣҲʧصԭʵǴۿۣ˵ǸҲУлкܶޣ˵ֻ̽⵽Ҳ֪ж٣Ҫǣһֻܿ־ޣÿһʱжᴫŭ
ôüǺް취ˣ
һһɡͻȻʦŤͷĿ˵ӣԭպС飬ӦøһʱദҲˣЩѾʼ˼ˣȥˣҵ˼𡣡
ʶľóӣʣҿǿǰɡ
ʦҵļ򣺡Щȫ˼ҵģʱСĸףֵܣȫյ˺ʦҲΣֻǸ㽲


448 ªħ
ʦ˭ף˵ͬ⣬ѵġ̾˵㲻ڵĸܡ
ʦͻȻ˫һ˿˸Цһ˵ô
ʦԳҡҡͷʱڻ⣬ز𣬆¸ɶԼϽѷһʱǲ޳ˣҲԣⲨӦҲֻ̽Ķѣô˼䡣
ʦô£ǰ̵ôһ𣿡ͻȻ뵽⣬ʦȥ
ʦͷЦһ˵ʵʼǱ̵Ե׵ģ񶫾ȻܻԵףԵģһֱߵˣġ
˵֮ʦһ䣺֪ܲˬЩȫΪ˵õ񶫵ΣôǶڰ̾ȫ͸״̬Ҷ԰̣֪񶫣һ֪ЩϢҲȫǰ͸¶ģ𣿡
֪ˡڷһ䣬Եģʦ̻޼
԰ǲˬΪԵ׻ôģϾǺҵģŪҡ
󰢱Ÿ˽ȫվѷСĵʦҰ˰֣ҲûãԼȥᡣ
šҵ˵ͷŤͷ߳˾Ƶ꣬ҳ֮ѶҺģ岻֪ʲôʱֵģһװ׼μӻġ
С죬ԭҺȺһά˶ʱҲˣһЩƵıһֱ𿴵ˡ
һʮӱžʰʲôʱǶŵòᡣ
˵ЩμһĴҶʶȫѰɣǰϲֱܵ߶棬ǲϲݣЩʲôߴүȫ졣
԰׷ɶˣ⵽ô°赣ǵߵԱߣļµĿžƵķұס裬˵û裬ûɶǾͺˡ
ǲʲô鶼ң迴е˵
ûƭ㣬ûƭ㣬֪ҲûáŤͷŻڰο˵ķ㣬Ҿ˵㣬ҸطԷϢ°ɡ
š˵ͷȻкطߡ
˶뿪ˣ磬꣬ŷû뿪óҲǱŵòᣬɫڻǲ԰׵ģ˵ġ
㣬û°ɡЦǺǵĳʡ
˵ͷʹҡҡͷȷʵǱŵòᡣ
ͳ˵ô˰ղЩһһĽйޣ
ҾͰ֮ǰҴʦ֪Ϣȫ˷壬һɫʱڣæͳֻ˹ȥȻûһᣬҲ֪˵Щɶֱİֻһҡ
ֻžһˤķѡ
ô˷壬ʲôġҼôæο
ղ˵ֻһ˵ظޣҴ绰һʣȻɶطܵϮûԱطһ٣Ҳ١
ôôࣿ˵ϸϹȥɱЩޡ
ȵȣ򲻴˵ЩϮĵطȫǹ㳡ֻһطǾƵ꣬˵ǹϮҪӣ˵ǵõϢط޵ҡ
ӣһȥɶʱ㳡һֻħңط׾ȥ˵
ҵ˵ͷͳ˾Ƶķ䣬ұԼıҲõ̡
嵽·ߣҲˣֱӴ˵ʿ˳ʦ˵ɶʱ㳡
ʦʮֵ꣬Ŀһ˵ǣöԽ˵Ǳߺʲô֣ȻǱȥ
֣ͻҼװҵѧģ˵Ͻġ
ȥǣⶫвްһ޶Ůģ뱻ץȥˡ˾ʹҡͷ
ǺðɣҲΪ㡣̾˿³ֱӴӱͳǮǰ˵죬ĳˡ
ȥãΪǸ۷Ƭ˾˵ʲôҺ絣ʱ㳡Ǳֱץסĸ첲קʹһԼ嵽ʻλϣ̤ţӺ¡һͳ˳ȥˬ
ҿȻûмգҲ·ʻˣ˴ʮңǾѾӽʱ㳡ˣ㳡Ҳһˡ
Ťͷʣ磬𣿡
ţǹ
ǹǹȺּˣһǴʱ㳡Ǳ߷ܵģ̰һ˵֣ƴ漷¿һ
ҹǿ֮ͻ뱼Ӵˣʱ·Ѿضˣ͸Σһܶ൨СֱӳҪˣȾܡ
ʱͨʱ㳡ÿһ·һľӺǹʵػ˽룬ȻһȺ漷ЩҲû취ֲܶЩƽǹ
治ܽȥһ˳Һ˸ơ
ҺһۣϱҲҪˣֱӳ˽ȥ
ңرңϵ
Һ嵽㳡ߵʱ򣬴ʱ㳡ıԵѾþֱӸ˾ߡ
ЩϾԼֻ˲ôҲˣЩӵѾΥ˾ӵĹٹߣǹУҲǰ
ҲųͷŹ㳡м俴ȥȥȻһֱªħ
ªħֶϵЩżżȻ俴أǣªħߣ˫ޱȣޱȣħʳѪ
һ㳡еһǼϵһģһȴǸ׵Ĵӣĳ͸һ㣬滹һЩֻ𣬸λªħʳѪ𣬾ΪªħģǸһ֣һȽϾͺ˺ͺӱȽһûñȡ
Ȼмһòǲû˵ôܴ
ʱ㳡ıԵΧһȦ⣬滹ʮˣǹϴ
ʮ˱лǹҲã㳡һȦȫˣʮŻǹɨĻͨˣľҲˣֻǹ򣬶һþȷԼܴϲſǹȻĻһ㲻ǹ
ôŤͷԱߵСʡ
ҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ֪ɶעûָªħĳ򣺡Щϻ᳤һЩûõĶѵǸװƷֻϷŪЩˣЩˣһɱ̫ˡ
ۿЩһªħյļһЩһƻ֪Լڰֻ̤ڹŹϰɣһȺSB


449 սªħ
ǲ֪ªħô˵ģھǹ㳡ȥЩ˴򡣡üֻªħ
ʱ㳡Ҳʮʬ壬ȫͨˣѪ
ҳԱһʣЩͨôģֻôɱǡ
˵һۣҲѾܲͷˡ
ץְ£Щȫ˻ƽ񡣡֪ЩΪЩͨˣԲôģҪǣֻҲǺ¡
ЩҲͨˣǵģҲֻǾˣܺˣֳܱ¡
ó˽Ǹ˻ڷ㶣˵쵼ҡ
üңǵ˵ͷܿ͹һһǡ
ңȥʿʡ
šʿ˵ͷ
ץֳ»ԡҲû֤ᡣ
¶ϲɫ˵ã»Ҳμӹǳս䵽˳ɶʱڹʹſҾģĿ㣬ղſ㻹е㲻ȷ
ţо˳˻Ȼƽ񣬿ԽǿϣֻҪǹãǡ
Щ˵ĿĵΪ˱ʲôģЩһôƬҳɶȫйȫҲֹһط£϶˶֪ģ뿪ǱǵİȫȻȻ˭ֻ֪ªħж
æͷóԽʼ
Ž˽ȥ
ҽȥ˲䣬ԭĿĵªħ۾˲Ϳϣſһ˫ڼͣ¸Ц
ôԱߵʡ
ʰˡҰ˰֣翿㣬ǧʬЩһﶼ̫̬ˣ¸ʵ˿ûӳлῴԼ׳ɳ˶١
ªħΧЩʿˣҾͱ
ٶȻ죬𵱳ǧʬڶ۽ʬвٵĲֻ࣬ܿªħ㵽ǰŽԴȥ
ªħһӾͶ㿪һæǰ̤һ֣ʹסĲӡ
ұЩӣũˡ
סֻªħý۾ʹȥ
Ϊֻªħ˵ʱֻªħȻɢһɷ֮ﴫһɲõԤУæ֣ЩɷȻҳ˹
¸£СӣֻªħȻ˵֣ͨ˻ơ
ΧɷһҾ£ͳһħɷæۺؽɽ鶨ճطĻᦣ뷣
֮ħɷһɫĹâԭϮɷɫâһգ͸̫һˡ
ȻҵʵˣǰħɷɢһЩСɷУ͵ľͲˣǰªħҲ֪ϵЩɷǵظɷ˼Щɷɷûñȡ
ңһġªħɳƵ˵꣬˫סҵĲӡ
ô
Ҳӱˣһѵǰϻôղôһӡ
ԣԸЩһﶼӦ㾡ȫŶԣһôͻȻģ
϶ֵĵطҳΧԽԽˡ
һѵһղǺߣΧۿ˱Ժ͵ˣ
ˣ
һ
֮ףÿϵأȻЩ˥˲һһϰ˵ظȫĻһ˼䣬һ࣬ûˣ͸˵ظðһ
Χһߣһ
ԭظħ㣬Ťͷ˵оӰ˽лԽԽã˶أһ
ֻªħö˵ҵĻ۾һ⣬ŭ
군ˣһ϶ֻªħһ֮ƤĲ֪ʲôڷͻȻªħƤʼƿСףȭͷСĺɫСӡ
ЩСӿ׿ǳһڣϻһɺɫɷ
һеܼ־֢ЩĳӴһʱ˼Ƥ񣬸̵ģ򲻹ӡ
Щɫĳӳ˹͸ľЩһý˼ֻӣȫǱˮнȫûð
ͻȻʹһȣ޼Ǭ跨


450 ظ

Щӽ˺üƣȻǺãӵҲûʲôļ١
׼ͻȻǸһĸŻ˳ϵĳӾ
ЩӺܴһ棬ֱӱճ˻̼Ҷʱ˿
ӵʵ̫ˣģܿ˱ϣȫǳӣ˲䱻Եùͷʣˡ
˿ĭһҲɵˣ˻תͷܣĽĿˣǵǵͷֱˣҲܰ˾군ˡ
һͷͻȻһֻ־סҵĲӣֻªħˣǻôһֻޣˣղעȫЩӸˡ
ԭӹ׼ˣһұªħץסˣʱһ˹ЩӺܿҲϡ
SBңģҳܹ
ҵĻǹªħģ˭˵Ǿģ
ҿʱزζ˵ôҵĻ
ҲһֻܵªħԱߣһȭȥ
ªħ˳־ס粱ªħĳӿʼϣҾ͸оޱȵۣǳҧң۵Ҫ
ĳҪʱҶӲɢһɫķ⣬Щӱһգ˲ɢˣԭץסҵªħҲǱʮףˤڵϡ
ҺҲڵϣæ嵽ԱߣһΪҲųģҪʲôˣô꽻
Ѫܵģ·ʲôȫҧˣ˿ڣûʲôˣôһֱѪҲǻ°
ҵˣزԭ⡣ͻȻֻªħһԭһֱûĳʱſˣһɲΪģɢ˳ͷزҵˣ
󣬵ȴɢ˳ȥͻȻҸоߣϣߣɺҵɷ
⣬ЩһͻȻ˼䣬ѵҵģ
оһ˿ҪܣͻȻϷźɫɷɢ֮һüͷһֱҵޣֻҸʶʲô֡
زһˡֻҵʮ׳֮ǰھƵֵֻ࣬мһֻԴҿ˵
ҡҡͷ˵б¾
ֻҵͷͻȻϵǵѷ쿪ʼһɾ޴תܣǹر󣬾͸һֱӱ˽ȥҲǸһ˽
ұԺ͸оһֱµܿ죬Դ㿪ʼγˡ

ۣۣһһŬ۾˿ΧҺһ棬浽ʮ֮ľ
ȥѹôأϻѹһˣѹء
磬û°ɡŬĳʣ˰죬綼ûӦһѾľȻڴ࣬Ȼ˯ˡ
⵽ʲôطվ۵壬ţοˮûʲô¡
ţҲе㷴ӦˣԺ۾˿Χʣ׻ӣأҲǺϱ˯ôϱء
˯ðϽǸѷˣҰһۣѾġ
ԹԺĵ˵ͷͻȻһֱӣҿ˿ܳɶJBƵطأˡ
ͻȻֵһ˽ŲҺŲķȥһӰߣҺĵط
˭ɶ⣬˵ҳӰ
ףطȻǸӰ˹һ￴һʮ꣬ͦģһɫĳۣһѺܳһܳĵ̣˼ֲɣ
ǣطأֵԺľ͵ƵطˡЦĳʣһ￴ûɶ⡣
طظ׼ȷ˵ӦǵظԭסľסءЦŻӦ
ǣɶ֣زģȻȥǱȥզæ˵
ҽʲô˵Цһ£˵˵ֲһţα⣬ǵиֵĻ޷ɡ
޷ֺ֡䣬Ȼ޷ʣ磬Ȼ뿪طɡ
ǵĹҲ룬ֻһڵظĿ˵ļһһѰԼĿˡ޷ҡҡͷЦ˵Ҫ뿪߰ɣһֱߣܻҵҵġ


451 
һװƵļһ
뵽ʲôڵظ˵ˣһӾ翴˰ɣһӣǻҲû˵ֻЦеʣ磬ܵøһָ밡˵طһ֪ء
Ǳߡ޷ָһ˵һֱǱ߾ˡ˵޷ǰת߽֮У޷ıӰʧҲһѣɶأһүɶÿġ
ǣҸой¡˵Լ뷨
ݸЩС㶼йأؼǣй¹ɶ£Ͻߡ˵ž޷֮ǰָķȥ
Ǹ޷˵ĸоͨĸоһܴĹͬ㣬ÿһȥ뵽ʲôͬʱҵԴͻĪۡ
˵ǽ޷˵ǲƭСʱˣӰûšһԱԹ
˵ظôôߣЪɡ
ظ̫ˣҺ˰죬ʱЩ֮Уڲûʲô׺ݵ޳֣ȻҺɾΣˡ
Ա˸ʯ£һ¾ʣ˵ͻȻŪظˣ׾ǻ᲻صİ
զ֪ҡҡͷ
˵ɶءвסһһ᲻˵ܲˡ
Ҹ绰࣬ͻȻһŲվ˺üͷһһźɫ۵ӾվҺ֮ǰλú棬֡
һ￴ʮ꣬Щ΢
˭СĵĿһ
ǺǡЦ£ȻҺ֮ǰʯͷ棬̧ͷ˵ظ֮ڣʮ˭ʸۣ
˻ҵ˿ֵĿһӣ
ҵʱ֣Եܸоֲһ¡
ûӵ˵ͷ
ҲɲҺλǧСӣǰΪƷɻڷһս´󹦣Ϊ̩ɽʥۡΪ֮ףܹ˼伪׻ӷִڤظһʮص
˵׵㣬ǵظĻʵۣʮµĳӡ
ãպ·ˣȻȥɡһԿڵ
ҡҡͷҰﲻǣΪҲ·ˡ
ôᣬôһһô·ءһԷĻش
SB㡣ԱСһ˵Բ·ˡ
ӿһ˵˽ҡ
زأǵǧǰǸ𣿡ͻȻӾվһϴɢ
ʲô飿ɶҲ֪ιæ˵
ʮһҵ飬㲻֪Ҫ㰵г֣ʮҶ֣Цʧȥ˴еظıǱһΪʮʮһı
˵̧ƣɳŵɫĹţӿţǼõʮһʲôסأ
͵ģͻȻʮУ˵ıû뵽Ȼӳֶġ
͵ģһ£Ц˵ȥɡ
ʮһ֮󻹲㣬͵ϮʼϮҵĵزȻزǵظЩһõ˵ظеıزǶ֣زֻЭѺزԼһһǶ˼䣬ϣת
ӵȻЦоˡ
ΪʲôҪ˵Ҳû尡Ҳ̫ӵ˼
ףӿ˵زǰװӣαװڱǰãʶôˣǰװûõġ
ͻȻ̾˿˵ˣʧȥˣûϵҵָм䣬ָ֮ʱԿңڵ㣬̫ˡ
˵ӴһӣҺֱӾιȥˡ

Ժ۾һ˵һ㣬Χǳֵúܣ۾ȻʦԱߣһӾҴʱҽԺĲ棬ԱߵĲϣֵ֮ȫǻҰһƬͺǰĺڰ׵Ӱһ
ڵظ֮ڣʦԱʣʱô£ôͻȻͲˣ˰ͻȻеĹ㳡֣ô£
ҿ˿ʦ磬ûˣæȫʦ


452 ױܣ
ӣʦüͷ˵ȻͨʧǺʮ˺ìܡ
ţ֪£ҳʦʡ
ʦҡҡͷ˵µģǰǵظʵͳߣʮǸӵģȴͻȻʧǧ꣬ǺֵĵطôͻȻʧأֵĵطʮȻȫйӵϢܶ಻˽˸֪ˡǲֱˣֻȥʲôط֮ڵģʮô𣿡
ô죿ҳʦʡ
ʦһۣȻǰʮ˭˭أЩ޵ıҲˣӴЩϮЩкֻ̨ô˼й»Ұֻܵεɢ
šҵ˵ͷ
ˣҲûʲôˣȥ߻أɢİɡʦվ׼ȥ
Ҿͳʦʣʦôˣ
ʦͣͷһ˵ûɶͦõģسϼˡ
šҵ˵ͷ˿ûüͷµĻ϶޵ȥģڵĻȻϧûܵ𣬵Ҳûе𣬲ȻҲֻͽ˸С
𴲻һӣҲͻЩۣûʲô󰭡
߳䣬浽һЩˣȻȫһЩʱʱܿһɫƤ£һīҽԺѲ߶
ʦԱߣЦŸҽܵڵظķѾȫ˼͵ظһЩ߼ˣЩͼĹͲܶԸЩޣֻһЩͨɢ֮ġ
ҵ˵ͷʣЩȫǴһɫƤ𣿡
ţΪ˷ȷЩԼ˶µĹ涨ʦͷ
Ұһۣﰵ룬Ǻڿ͵۹˰ɡ
ʦ߳ҽԺɫԶɵģҿƬգҲף̫ԶήٵƬյġ
ϵ˵ϴʱûɶֻͬżȺлһźɫƤµļһ
úɣһ飬ӹһʱ᲻ѣ˵ȥˣ𣿡ʦ˵ߵҽԺſڵһֽϣȻ󷢶˳ӣ¡һľͿˡ
ΰ£ҿʦųﳤȥֻںһָ
ҾĵĹһᣬоطҲûϴʱ棬ϴʣҺ绹зˣ˶һЩھһˣ⵽ǹĵطɶģ
ģԼȥҵʱڵظסһʱ䣬ҵĵַͦϤģ˴ŰСʱ͵¥£¥ʱͻȻһӰιҿӰо쳣Ϥæȥ
ӰܿһС棬Ҳ˽ȥӰСһ֮ͲˣվԭأȻͷ˵»ԣǾþòˡ
ԭһɫ·ԴñӸסñȡһϤӳС
׹ᣡüһʣҸʲô
ҲɵӣһղҹȻôܱ׷١
˵һ顣˵̵ץҡ
ţһ׼أû뵽˵˰̵ץ֮ȻͲ˵ˡ
ôѵ°ֵ̣ʡ
㲻˵Ȼǰ̵Ľ಻ɱʱ¹
üԼ˫ֽ˵Ҳ֪ԼôˣұһһʼһЩˣʦʼ˵ķ԰ɡ
ʲô˼ֵʡ
ֹ񶫣ٹֹ֮Լʵô򵥣ʱ˼ٹҹУΪһƬ˼ҽ͵
ֵʣô𣿶Ҿ˼ôЩ
֮ǰҾ˵Լ֡ҡҡͷȻɱ֤Ҳõһ֮λλıһ˼佫дٵԤУԼȴȣֻ˼䡣
ǰɣܱܲô鷳磬öԼеŰҲҿеɸ֣㻹أԼôûš
ҲŵȣȻɱ֤ȴԺͷ෴ɱ֤עɾ͡ҡҡͷҸоԼʱҲ޶ˣ񶫻ҵңȻġ
Բ뿪ʦģʦڣʲô񶫵ģȫǲˡæ˵
ˣǱӦױܣӡҡҡͷ


453 ˳
̾˿תߣҿıӰ뿪ȴֲ֪˵ЩʲôֻжıӰ̾˿ҲǸˡ
뿪ԺҲ߻ļңɩڼ￴أظĵһҲʮ̨Ҳûɶÿġ
ӻˣأ˵ҲҪɩӳʡ
ҽԺأ֪ɶʱѹɳϣϵĳԵģȫЩ㣬ҡҡͷȻڵظѾǹˣҲǿԳģǳԲߡ
ҲǴ˳ҲǴһɫƤ£Ÿīͦ˧ģ˵˰ʦأ
ˣɶɡҺٺһЦ˵壬ɶʱҲƤ£ǴӣҶ봩һ
ɣлᴩġߵԱһƨˣңû
ɶʡ
ɵزԴһ˵ôΪҲ֪أ
ûǸо˭֪һҿЦһ£ôǸˣԣǸ֪°
˵㻹˵Щ˼ȫ֪£ʦרſ˵¡ֵʣû˵ɶ
㲻֪̾˿֮ǰظеʱ˵ʿ䵽˼㣬ʦû취ֻа˵ʿ㻹˵ôĳ֣˻˶־
ȥǰɣΡҸЦһ¡
Ҽ򣺡ú׼ɣȻҲˣƻͿԽˡ
ʲôƻ
󣬶صһߵĳУƽƽС˵
ɶʣôǵıû𣿡
˵ͲùˣʱúȥæǣʦҲ߹ˣʱҲɵزԼɵزʱ˵ɣҲǿ󡣡
šҵ˵ͷﻹмǵģûɵز
˵飬ȻˣԼ˸䣬ˣ컨壬ԴҲǿհףɶҲû룬컨巢
ͻȻһ۵ĸоڵһ¾æסҵأҵĪļô£
ҸоһɲõԤУʲôҺҪΣա
磡
ƿţֱӳӣһֱ嵽¥£׼ҽԺʱȴиӦķ򲢲ҽԺķ򣬶ǺҽԺź෴ķҳǸط˹ȥ
һֱ˶ʮӣָоԽԽǿңͻȻǰһֵ¡ıը
Ǳըޣ
𣡡
ǰһ޵ŭôܳأ
ĳޣ֧ԮֵϵĹ궼ֵɢӣתһЩźɫƤµˡ
ҵޣ
ԶĿˣֻҵ޳ʮףף汻ɫëĵţްһ㡣
ҿҵˣֻҵ죬¥һײⶰ¥ֱӾ͵ͻȻע⵽ֻҵ׷һ۵ˡ
ҵĸԾǴ۵ϴģź۵ǰһֱ񱼣ҵҲǽ׷ᣬЩɫƤµĹҲȥֻҵ޴
Щ˵ĹֻҲҵ޸ûʲôЧֻ΢ɧһֻҵޡ
ͻȻֻҵ޾վȻͷſѪڣɷۡ
ͻȻҵ˺ɫĻ𻨣Ȼ³˺ɫһ
ҵ
ҵ³߾͸һ㣬ĸܲմһ㣬˲ͱյûɢһ·յĵطҲǱڳһףʮ׵ԭ;޿ӡ
ҵ޾վ޿֮Уͷ
ԭȥæǸ˳һСӣ΢˼һ£Ǹ˽ȥ
ӿףͦڵģΧǺܸߵǽڡ
ҳȥһⳤӣȴûǺ˵Ӱ
ң
ͻȻһæͷһͷ͸оҵĲӱһָֻסˣҿˣϴſֻ֣¶۾ģʱ˫һ˿ȡ
˭ҧʣ֪ΪʲôҾ͸о˵۾ϤȻĺ۸ڵȻоʲôط
ˣˣصʱһһܵҼҵȥϵ㣬æ˵Ҽ㣬ǵҼǸһ㵽˭Ҽȥʲô


454 
û˵˫ֻĿңȻ󷢳һЦүȥȥܵ𣿽үãɱ㡣
˵ʹǽһײҸоҺײ۵Ҫҧվȴû˵Ӱ
㵽˭ңҳӴһǸˣȥҼ㣬˵ӦûжⰡΪʲôҪң
󱳣ͻȻĴִһ¡æܳȥʱѾۼ˶ʮɫƤµĹʱʮÿ϶һֱһֵĴɫ
ʱѾֻҵ޵ͷӣţסˣֻҵޱס֮ҵڲϵǶʮҲ˳̵ľס
ߣȻֱУЩҲ̫ˡ
ͻȻϴһŭͻȻĵķһӰǱ߼ٷ˹

һ۾Ϳһɫۣ͵ʱӵĴŴмƣʮ꣬ϰװ׾ģܶŵ鼮ӣʱ֣ɵҵ޵Ϸ
ֻҵҲǸоĵֻҵ޲û¶־ģͷģȥҧһһ㡣
жʮסֻҵ޸ûʲô취
ߡüȻ̧֣ĳֻҵһģֻҵ˲仯ΪɫĹ㣬ɢ˿С
Щʧ˿
ʵҲͦ𾪵ģֻҵҲǼֲһֻޣǱôһģˡ
֮ǰһֱ˵ʮ͵Ϯ֮ģһֱǱʶΪʮһһ㡣
ͻȻӦ˹ҴˣʮǿһǿȻƾʲôѹظǧꣿ
ǧ֪˶Ӣֹظ綫۾磬ȣǶֵظû˵ǰʮŪ
ֻҵ֮ͻȻתͷңЦŶ˵»ԣҵþˡ
Ҿ͸о˵ͦдԵģƳͦʱȥKTV¸衣
ޣɶأҡҡͷƽʱôֵģظʵͳǰһǲҺ˵æСĵ˵μ¡
ѧо˭ֻҪĻ˵;Իøб
æ˵ôǵزתָ֮λֻ߲ͣƽཻɡ
šҵ˵ͷ
ҵͷȻתĵ¥ȥ
һ뿪˿ˣһǰжйѹͺλ洦ɢϡ
ֲװƣѹѧģֻоþӸλˣŻγһϡ
Щڴֻҵ޴Ļٻ֮ģҲû˼ȥȥһ·Ҳ֮ǰǸ˵ӰӣôҲɢȥ
ܿҾ͵ҷ羹ȻҲɳϿأһҽͳѾľȻһˣŪһҽԺզ죬үġ
֡߹ȥһţʣأ
ȥȥˡʣȥɶطˣ
ˡҡҡͷѸղŵ硣
Ժʣܳˣǲӵġ
СӲҲôôҰһۣ˵ӵݱֻ߲ͣܳģ
㶮ƨҿǴС˵ģȣˬȻԿһĽĿҡ
֪ǽ˷״̬ˣҲͲ˵ˣʱ˵ɶûõģҾͳƨһţȻ˵ӡ
˵ϾȻڲŸղźҵ޵ս档
ƵǼӹģ֮ǰҵ޴һڵҵüĻˣֱӾǶʮսҵ޵ĳ棬Ȼĳһҵ޵Ļ档
ֹ쳯̨ظҲֻ£¡
ǾҳԺȣûôţҪѾʼٳˣ˵еıԵҲż޳֣ĹѾеıԵ
ƽеļƻҲڽУʵνļƻҲûɶƻƽеޣȻɹסоͿˡ
Ȼ˵ףѣϾôҲ࣬һ׵顣


455 ޵ĺ
ظһգԶںڰĵططԶֹ
ҺһֽڣһƺƵĳӿʼг
һȥʮֹУҲǳ˺ܶĹ
ųɵգһ޼ʵĻԭҳ˵磬ȻСĵ㣬Χƾˣ̫ƽС
ǴʱȻǳжƽеļƻ
ǰ濪ľʦʦҺ˵Сĵ㣬رǻӣԲҪԼܵΣա
Ϊɶʡ
Ϊǵزʦͷ˵ҲȷЩûİ취𣬱Ͼǿֻޣǵزȵزˣظûϣˡ
Ȼ˵˵زҲһùֻޣҾɵزҲа취ҳʦʡ
ʦҡͷҲ֪Ǹݵزµĵزǵظϣ
زҲˣǧǰ㵽дһ٣תӦ١ʦǰ̾˿
лл佱һЦô˵زҲǰʦز͵ڿô
ӵģȻᷴԼСĵ㡣ʦһ䡣
Ȼû˵ˣֻгӺҲԼ˯˯˲֪ãԱߵҡҼ˵ӻӣѡ
Ժ۾ʣ𣿡
š˵ͷ
ʱѾһ̲һĵطͣ˳ʱΧѾٶǧĹ˳һҪôڳ̣ҪôͿڳ졣
ȥôˣҾȵĿЩ
ʦҵԴһ˵ΪأظǧĻۣⲻһСֹѡ
ҵ˵ͷҲԣйôôڵظĹһӴ֣ĹǺܶʵģʵľά
ʦ˵˳ϣһ¾ʹ𣺡ྲ
ʦܴ˶ˣʱ˶ǧ˫۾ֱĿų
һսӮ˽ȥ֮󿴵ֱɱʵǿģǣƣȴһ𣬶𣿡ʦ
ˣ
йĻػһҲǺܼߣЩеڵظס˺ü꣬Եظĸ鼫֮ЩҲʹһģҲҧгݵġ

˵ʦ˳ӣƽеķȥ
ƽһĵطʱѾˣڳͻϮӻụײڳϻ³ͻϮȣԺ·ҪС
һȺҲǺƺƵģЦأһǧ˸·оеʮﳤĸоȻǵĶҵĺܣһһ
ܿǾͿƽеӰӣ
ĵģʮÿֱͨϽдö࣬ҿһŵĸ¥ãС˵Уһûһ¶аɣգ
ʦԱҵĻŤͷ˵ԵգΪطһӾգôףô־ս׼
ðɡҵ˵ͷҾ͵ģԭ˼仹ԼʵеţһظҾ͸һûɶá
ɲôֹ㣬Ҳǰһ쳣ͬҵĻָЩȺ˵ļһҪôǵڼéɽţҪôһ֣ҪôץʲôܱȰ
һеڣȺҲʼɢˣеĸȥʦҲ˵ˣкǴ˵ֳ֣һʱֻ֡
һ͸ߣ𵽴ܡʦҺѵ
ҵ˵ͷҲŲأطЩéɽǰҲ˵ԼͿ϶ȫѵ
ʱƽео͸ΣһӵһӰûУյģһճǡ
ʦһȹˣ⿧ȹҲһûУ˸λȥ
ͻȻµ˲䣬Դ΢΢һۡ
ˣʦͻȻüͷ
𣡡
ͻȻһŭ˷
ܴһԹϢסǡ
ʲôվ
ţֻе޵ĺСʦҵļ
ɿХڼ͸һ㣬⿧ȹݵķݶ΢
⵽ʲôޣǺоظоһһɺ⡣
ԭΪЩ޵ͷˣǿб䰡ֻ޵ʵµ˰ҲǸ֮ģֻ޵ޱ߷ŭŻõظ١


456 ׼˼
ǸִҺʵһֱȹϢҪôһ˯û롣
ҲǸָҵ޺ªħټʦ֪ԭʵǺܸ߼ޣЩҲǺ֡
εĸ߼޲࣬ͼҺܶԸʦȴȥΪ⣬رңЩ߼Ѿˣ˸߼̣ҳֲұ¶ǵزݣᱻȺ𹥻ʱɰǧޣʦһܱҡ
ҲеϵͳԺ֣ʦҳȥҵȻǸȥû³ȥɶ
ӣӸɿɶͲ²СİӷһͻȻɵز𣿡紩һ˯£ɳϳ˵
ʱǽѾȥ˰£ѾһĳеޣҺ˸Ƚϸߵסס
Ҳû¾ŷ鿴ɵزʦǣֲңǺܶ飬쳣ᡣ
ܲҵ˼˵֪Сӣ˷ë
㲻ҡҡͷ
ͻȻʦͽĴ˽˵ӣʰһ¶׼˼䡣
ôʦֵվʣƽеǻû𣿡
Ǽһ׼˼俪̳׹ʦ͵
ʲô
һӾվʣᱻץˣ
šʦ˵ͷ˵һﲻˣȻֻٹϵĹҪںϰ׹
û£ǻֻ𣬶ҵ¾꣬ǧʬѾûɱˣܴٹġһ˵
ʦҡҡͷˣȻûдٹں˰׹֮ʵȻܾˣ򿪵ظ˼ͨõظص˼䡣
Ȳ𣿡ҵ˵ͷ
ʱظңȻҪʱңҲںϰ׹ʱҪǵزѣظҽͺˡʦ̾˵
ҾֵʣʱǺһձɽѵǸزûа
ʦ͵һˣȴ͵͵ܻ˼䣬ʱǸʲôҲ˽⣬ظҵúܣҲûʱϢǷӸղ͵ظϢѾڰ˵صĵַ
һ֪ҡЩһﲻ֪ǲǳ쿴ӿˣ뵱ˡ
ʦҡҡͷˣʵ񶫣Ӧ˵ֻ񶫣ЩûΪĻˣˣֻǾ˺ܶνû飬Ǿ飬ҲΪǿеĶˡ
ʦ˵꣬ͻȻ۾˵Ǵ˾Ǻˣ˾ǷûɣȻҺͬǣһͶ̥ģЩޡ
ʦҸ˵ЩɶԱߵһ˵ʵҫĸףҫʦֵܣ𣿡
ɶҫĸףҫȻҽӴĲ࣬ʦ϶ΪֵܵʵҲôҫ϶һĻֵĿһʦ
ϵǸ˵ĻҾɱϵҲ˲Ͼֵܵĸס
׼׼˼һ˰ɡʦ˵ҪߣͻȻ뵽ʲôһͷʣˣС׼ô죿
һ˵ϱʲôô죿
ʦ˿˵ظʱ򣬳»ԾѾˣ𣿻ŵֻеز
⡣ܲʦ˼˼ǻȥ֮Ҳò㣬Ҳʦ˼ʵ㣬˭ãǼˣٴηֱʱʹࡣ
ʱƽʱһϲţƺʹҲ˵ˣԱ߿ңһ仰Ҳ˵
ȥͼװʶɣʦǹˣ˭áʦ̾˿ҵļ򣺡˭ǵز
˭ǵزô֪ѵ뵱ز
ʹץץͷᣬơ
߰ɣס̾˿
ʦҵļ˵̫ˣǲ֪ɵزôɵزڵļ䣬ԼϲСȻǿԺһġ
Ը˰ɡһ˵ɶ
ҲԱҵļ˵ôˣҲǻô
үģ˭Աߵģƨһţ仰ԾһգҲǺһˡ


457 
Ժ۾һɴ۵Ĺյҵ۾ˣŬ۾۵⡣
˼á
µĿҫ۵ԼҲݣʲô
紩һһЦҵĴϿҡ
һΧҺҽԺһأʣѾɶʱѵģɫԵĿҸɶ
ѰˣʲУô綪һ·˵ϽϣԺ
ҸϽ·Ҳǲ֮ǰϾʹһڿ㣬µŸָĹӣʹȡЩӣˡ
һͻȻʹ˽ʱﻹһЩˣ֮һȵĿңŵϴ󣬺񼤶˵һ
ǣ룬ʦĻûǲϻǵ÷㣬Ȼʱֿġ
ǲˣ˵žͰŵķһӶҵϡ
Ҳװϵ¶һ񾭲ӣҷ˸ʲôΪҲŮˣĲŮ˵ġ
Աæ已˵㣬֣ļǲˣڵظ˺Σյ飬ɵزȻûɵزʧȥ˺ܶ䡣
ģסԼͣŵߵǰץסҵʣӣĲǵˣܣô᣿
ҿŷһᣬ˵ǣ
ûû£ǰһѰˡϽԱϵ˵
ҵ֣졣ƿ֣ŵҺ̾ǲң·
翴ҵʧ˵©죬ߵԱ˵㣬ȳȥҸ˵˵ڵظϸڰɡ
˵ͷ߳˲ϣûҵֻ̣Ҫߵ̨ŴĽֵ
һᣬˣʱȦȻѾˣҳǰʧʱûôޣʹľͱסҿ
ôңô᣿ѵҵɳСٻǾ𣿡ʹıһ߿һߺ
ɳǾһֱϲСٻôأ˿˵ǣʲôϵ˭
˭㡭˵⣬ȴûм˵ȥֻıסҡ
Ȼ֪˭뱧ͱɡı
ᳪ𣿸ҳ׸𣿡ıסʡ
ҳһ£ðɣʲô裬˵һĻԳ
ɡ㱧ס˵
Beyond˰ɡ˿
ûΪٶɰҲĿ󱳸̫ҵˮ㲻سŶ֪˭Ĺȥ֮˭Եͯ滹иǽǺҹлûȴ
ҳ֮󣬷ͻȻıס˵ǻӣûң϶ǣ
ţֵʡ
㣬϶㡣ıסҡ
ϴˡƿ㣬Ťͷ߳˲
ʦλʦĸʱȻҲ棬ʦҾ˵ˣ
šҵ˵ͷ˵ʦ
˵ˣʧҲ߹ʦĸˣȥúϢһ°ɡʦ˵
ʦλʦĸҲһƭˣҸЦһ˵ţҺúϢһ°ɡ
˵ҽԺ߳ȥˣҿ˿ĽֵǳɶĵһҽԺҴ˸ص򸻴ã߽˼棬ڴϡ
֪Ϊʲôղŷ㱧ҿ޵ʱرǸζûţǿӣҲǸᶨ˲ܳϻǵ÷㡣
ֻǼװʧ⣬ܸ㱧һ£ҵļһ£ұɵزǰ˵һ仰ʱʹ࣬ԣھͱˣúӵʹࡣ
ͻȻһ߽ҵķ䣬Աߣһ̹˵ɶأ
ʲôҲû롣ҡҡͷ͸оԼңϲģҲǰҾǲҳϡ
ҵļ˵̫ˣʱڲ񶫵ĵַ鵽ɱ񶫣Ǿͻصظȥ˷˵ø
Ҳסҵ˵ͷʣأûһ
ûУ˵һ˾һ£ͳȥˡҵȼ̣˵ɡ
ҽӹ̣һڣǺһ¡
ٺ٣СӣͰɡͻȻ§ҵļ򣺡ֵܣʵúöԴֹ۵㣬һ㣬úܿĵġ


458 
ʵͺ˵һ㣬Իúܿģô࣬ǶԣÿһѧģⶫҲѧҪôδҪôĿ͸Ļ
Ӧǰߣʲô鶼õķȥ롣
֪˰ɣҰһۣ˵
ٺһЦ§ҵļ˵Ҳһ
룬Ǹ˵׼ȥҸƵסˣȻͷ棬˵ͻ¶㲻¶ԼҲ̲ס߷ʵ
ʰ˼·˸кͳˣҲң˽ңֻ֪һ˾һ
ű¥һʱ䣬ҲѾˣɫҲѾʼǴй䣬ͻȻͿһµӰڴĵĹ䣬ʱʱĻһ·ߵ޹ͷ
ɺɺ
ӡɺɺһ۾ͿңҾ˹
æͷҪߣɺɺ鵱Ѿ˵ĺˣҲٺȥ
Сܵؿ죬һûɺɺһץסңʣҾôܣ
ǣֻҪöԸװɵʣ˼Ҳʶ㡣
үģˣ죿װɵɺɺСǵ͹Ƥĳ̶ȣȻסңȻһƨڵϴ𣺡ûˣûûεļһĺװʶң߹·ǧҺÿ
˳ͺˣʱ㣬°߷ڣҲǶúܣйϲɶְ˲͸ˣϷһΧһȦˡ
һȺүָ˵Сûģе֤ˣʹơ
ɶˣҴΰүģҵȥ˵һ٣ֻҪü˵ˣɺɺϽߣ۵ġ
ƣ˭˭˰ҡ
ɺɺתҪߣ㾹ȻѾվҵˣ˫ֻرţƽĿʣǵɺɺͲǵ𣿡
ݡ
ҿһԱ߳ͷЦɺɺݣˣӷǺɺɺһͨңұƻԭ
ԲҾʶʶˡɺɺͼȺȻ˳һ⳵ȥǰʦ˵ʦ㿪ᣬķ
šǰʦ˵ͷȻͷ㿪
СԻԣͷôˣˣ޶ͷܴβ͵㶼ˣɲǰˣϽȥ˼ҵǸȻ뱾СԸС㻹Կǰ˵ûŶɺɺһƤЦ˵
ⲻ£Һ飬ϹͣOKҺĳɺɺ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱȷĺңҲ֪Ϊʲô˵ɺɺɺɺһȦˢһ¾ͺˣղŻ˵ЦģŮǷȷ黹죬ǰʦ𣺡ͣ
ǰʦҲǲ֪æͣɺɺƿţĹĵ³³֮˵˻ԣ
˵һѳŹ˻Ȼʹ˳һţŤͷ뿪
ôСڳˣǰʦЦǺǵʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ûɶѾͷϲˣƢҸͣһ¾ˡ
պǰתǾһԵݵĵطҸǮ³߽ݿһ䷿߽䣬εڴϣ֮ǰ㷢Ҽûʧȥģɺɺ뿪ģ顣
ҳ˿ͳ绰ɺɺĵ绰ҸоӦøˣ֪ΪʲôǲһˣԼе顣
ҵ绰ȥǱߺܿͽˡ
绰Ǳߵɺɺ˵ι˵Ҵ绰ɶΪҾͻԭ㣬㣬ˣҳԻҲԭ㣬ҪٻС
ҪҲ̫ѡ˵ɡ£ҪôοȻϴأû뵽ҪȻô͡
ɺɺǱߺ˵ǣٰɣԲܵˣҵĵˣ
ðɣȹɣԵݣ305˵͹Ҷ˵绰
Ĵ򿪵ӿ˻ᣬûʮӣſھʹ
Ҵţΰ£֮ǰ˫ͨ죬ҪҪ޵ɺɺʱһʳƬϺȣ
㣬ĸеȫⰡʶľ˵
ɺɺͷֵȭͷ˵ҾҪΪʹĳԶŻܵ㡣
ԻҰһۣС椣ôôɰء
ˣҪ˵ɶأɺɺͻȻӦûҪװһĹĵģҡ


459 һ
ºܳҪô˵أץץͷݣһпʼҸҵ꣬ǸƷӡ
ǿʼɺɺ˵еľû˿ǵزҲȫ
һֱ˵Ͼŵ㣬ɺɺԱһ߳ʳһ߾ʵԱʵʱ򻹻ֽкãС˽һ
˵ӵظ֮󣬾˵ӵظԺºͷзֱ֮֮࣬ǰȻ𣿡
СԻԣôȥдС˵أô̵ʱܱôΰһ¡ɺɺƬ˵ҴСС˵ģ¾ǸС˵Ȼһͨô°Ŷײأ
йˣ˵ǵزҿɺɺЦĿ˵
ʹԴһ£走˵СʱѾͷС˵ˣҲ㱳ұëΪǵȰأøӾܱˡ
ɵ椣ŵĻ绰֣ץ֣Сǲұģ㵱ʱҲǾȵ㣬Ҳ˵ˣžϵǱĹ£϶ô촮ְͨɣ
ɺɺһüͷ˿Ѿͷģˡ
û뵽ɺɺȴ˵Ҵ绰߹ʮӣȫʱԴ绰Ұ㰡ôʱ©Ϊٶ༯̽ǰ׿İ
㣬ˣ̽û׿ˣôôɵء
˵ɣķɶɺɺһ˷˵ģҡ
ȥҸɶ
ʵֱӲͨϵ绰Ȼֻǹ绰ϵ˵һᣬûһҶ˵绰˵㵽ôҰ˵ģҰֻˡ
ҳ˿ҲԣһʮɵļֵͻȻԭֻΪǸѧᣬû֮˵ͻȻЩʵʵڵĶǲԸϣǲԸԼļֵ۰ˡ
ֻ˵橣ҸղŸ˵ĶǧȷģŲţⶼʵ
ɺɺһҵĻҲǿʼԥʣģ
šҵ˵ͷ
û뵽ɺɺʱһĵסҵ˵ԻԣȥظҾԵݳҺϲġ
꣬ɵУղŻһŵģͻȻҪҴȥݳᡣ
ˣҸЩҲûб˼ֻǲһֱƭ֪ʵ
ɺɺ˵ҵ˵ãԿҾԵݳᡣ
ҸղŵĻûȥԵģһҸղǾ仰磬ʵ
᲻˵һС˵˶С˵еˣ˵ٿأôǻŵʲô
ԣҾңǷʵң㣬磬ǻˡ
ˣ˵ģԺ׼ô죿ɺɺڴȥظݳĻ˳
룬ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪Ĳ֪Ϊ͸֮ǰ˵ģұɵز֪֮᲻ǵһ飬Ҳٸκγŵ
ҽһ¡ɺɺסԼ죬Լ˻һ
֪ҽˡ̾˵׵ʱΪʲôڳ⳵ϳ㷢˰ɣ
ɺɺӣҵ½ǣ˵ˣûԻԣ˱СԻٻô
ѵԷܽһ𣿡Ұһۡ
һ£˵ͷʣѵ𣿡
ðɣˣһδĶɵÿɰҪͺˣɶնûУǳ˳ԶǳԶоԶֵ飬ͱȽȫλˣɶ鶼ܷ
ɣԻԣʵҲûɶ˵İúõĵزȥʱظǵҪҿҾԵݳŶɺɺԱ߰οҵͬʱҪ
϶㿴ҾԵݳᣬ˰ɡһЦԴ˵Ȼȥɣһ˺úϢˡ
Ű⻹һЩûʳˣңһ鲻õʱʹĳԶųž͸ˡɺɺ˵
ֵʣпѧ𣿡
ɺɺʹĵ˵ͷ˵аȻУҾͺñղŲޣҳԵ㶫оɶ¶ûˡ
Уȥɣˣķǡҵ˵ͷʳ
ɺɺ뿪ʱ򻹲ͷңǵöԵ㣬ȥ򡣡


460 ҫ
ֲɺɺĶʳ̾˿ѴһŪɾ֮ϴ˸ϴ˯ˡ

ڶ˯ģϾһ̫ˣھ͵ȷǱߵϢڻеʱ¡
ļҶɺɺԺ֣ΪһµظȥܾҲ˼ˣҪϧ˼ʱ䡣
ɣҺڳɶĵһСԽֹأͻȻֻһʦĺ룬æ˵绰ʣιʦɶ°
ҵˣڹݶϲɽѹ⼸ҲСǸõطȥˡʦǱߴ
һ㶣ɶɽ
ôԾëʦǱֵʡ
æ˵ǣɽǰȥ
æѵʱɽľʦȻͰõȻȥˡ
˵ˣѾȥˣҲ취ϵʱʦǱ˵͹˵绰
һʣôҵˣ
ţ߰ɣȥɽҵ˵ͷȥ
Ҳ֪ɽǸôˡ
ǸǰϲĹá
ʱҺϵ׹
׹֮ʦ˸绰ʦѾ׹ɽһùסˣùݵ֣Ȼ·˹ȥ
ߵùݣʦ˸绰Ѿ¥ˣܿù߳ˣʦһɫķ£滹ĸˣԲۣ㾹ȻҲں棬LһҲʶ
ҿתߣʦͺɶʦܣ
ǲʦָָ㣬ʦԴһôţϱˣôˣɶأװʧ䣬Ҷƭȥˡ
ܳʦʱװʧô˵ֻȻжΣҿʦùĹĵȭͷֻҪ֮£˵ðɣʵǲԺģ˰ɡ
û˵ûҪҵ˼վʦĺ档
ʦŤͷŷ˵С㿴ŻӶϴˣɲٹ˰ɣûͽ̺ܽã޳ͷλ͵ģûɶ¡
Ҵΰ£ҪҸɲʦóȥɶ˰ô۸˵ô
æ˵ʦ˵ˣ̸°ɡ
ʦ˵ͷ˵ߣҶ˾ϯһ߳Էһ˵ɡ
ʦǵһ꣬Ҫ˸ᣬ߸˽ȥ֮ʦָǸҲʶ˵°ɡ
ҫֵܡʦָһʮӽܵ
ᣬҫ壿ҿòĴ壬忴ûɶرģҲأʦÿβǴ¾ǴƤ£øڿ͵۹һ
ҫáæЦʺã֪ʦֵܣȻǰҲż˵Լûпҫ塣
ҫ˵ͷЦЦ˵ã˵ˣл档
ͽܾͲҽ˰ɡʦ˵
æҡͷǰ˵ǰϴǧʬлæ
лҸɶһлǸΣѸء˰֡
Ȼ󷹲Ǽ˾ʹĳԷ㣬L˻ãǼͲ̫ÿˡ
ŷأͻȻҫͿʣţ׼ô죿
ǰ񶫻̵ʱҴ⣬ˣȻֳôĻ£һŪʦᶨ˵
ҫ˵ͷһû˵
ʦٺһЦ˵ҫѹˣҲ֪ϵǵУԺиĻµġ
ףô׷£Ȼҽϴô꣬Ҳٸˡҫ忴鲢رãֻһ̾
óҫ廹ǶиģҲƨҲûϵиϵõֵҪŪؼǻԼϵܣ飬ҪϣҲоͦܳġ
ӣ׹ɽͦϤİɣһ°ɡʦ˵
ҵ˵ͷ˵ʱҰҲ֪£Ȼ׹ɽɽһһ׽׹ס棬ʱ׹̡
ʦͷ˵˵£ֻ׹֮ûأιư̳£񶫾Ǵ˻֪ʲô취ץ˰׹Ȼ뿪̳˰׹óˣʵӦǿܶԸȻҲΣ˼䣬µѵŵ˼䡣


461 ټ
һ߳Էһ죬ʱ䵹Ҳúܿ죬ܿ͵Ͼŵ㡣
ʦվ˵ˣԵҲˣȥɽˣ߰ɡ
߸һ߳⣬ʿɽȥ
⳵ſ˰Сʱǿɽ棬ʱںģҲɽľɫ
ɽС·˳Ǯó⳵뿪֮ʦͳ֣æܹȥʣʦɶ£
ӣ·ɽȥʦ黹Цеġ
Ҿǰ·ɽȥһߣһֵĳʦʣʦɶأ۾Цûˡ
ûɶʦҡҡͷ˵ǺһһֱĶԹҪһ˽ˣ黹㲻
Ŷҵ˵ͷ
ʮʱҴǵ˰ڵĴӣʱ쳣û˿졣
ʵկָӸʦǽܵ
ʦ˵ͷʣǸأ
˵ֻǰɽȻָǺںɽ棬ܺңȥҵϢȻȥɡ
ʦҲͬˣУһ˼Ϣһᣬ賿ĵȥȥ֮һʱɱ񶫣ʲôġ
˶ǵͷҫҲǵͷ
Ҵ·ҵ˰ǵļңţ˴ķӣһİӴţʣ˭
΢΢üİӣ˵ãοͣɽʱˣڲŵɽܲǽȥϢһأ
Ȼɻǵĵǵ˵ͷ˵û£ǿͣɣȻҰǰһס
˽ȥӲûô䣬ûһᰢҲ˳ʣ˭
˵ſңͳϴЦЦ˵ãá
ÿ˲٣õ˵ͷָŰ˵ǰѡ
ҿŰֵֹģȻҺͰҲûɶҲǰϲңﻹе㲻Ҳ֪Ϊɶ˼Ѷ⣬ҿɲұֳæЦĺͰ˵ãҽг»ԣǰ棬ͰǺܺõѡ
ԭˣҳȥھǼûпݡһҺͰʶˣæ尢˵ãúдһ¿ˣҳȥӡ
ȥɡõ˵ͷȻ˳˵СԸ磬ɡ
æкʦ£Цų˵Сǰզʶġ
֣˼ѶءҵһۣúٺһЦ˵û£ǰ˵ǵ飬Щġ
ϣɡҡҡͷһеôܲԼŮأοŮǰϲ͡
ˣСȥǵˮɡʦ尢˵õ˵ͷæܽ
ʦ˵ӺȥСĵ㣬LС͸𱣻
ΣյĻȥôæ˵ǾǼʹˡ
СʦҡͷǵøȥģӻãرӣȥЩ飬ܳɳôԼʵأ
ˣˡ˵ͷ
ʦֺһôɱ񶫵飬ЩҲ岻ֻ˵ʦģʦɱ񶫣ԸǸ׹
øǵˮ֮Աһֱû˵
òˣǸҲ˻˵ˣҰźӣ˯ˣȸҹȥһɡ
лˣϢһͼɽס⡣ҿ˵
ʦվ˵ˣЪҵЪˣ߰ɡ
˶սӣ߳⣬һͷһ۰óЦһ˵ˣԺټˡ
ʵϣһҲȷһκͰüˡ
õ˵ͷ˵Ȼ֪Ҫʲôϣһ˳硣
л
Ťͷ߳⣬֪Ϊʲôٻеʧ䣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôΪԼǺͰһμɡ
˼˵ɽ֮ãһ·ϳǶûô˵ÿ˶ء
ʦȻҪôɱ׹񶫣ҫϵ񶫵飬㲻֪ɶһ·ϸû˵һ仰
LǱͲ࣬˵Ҳͦģң˶ô˵ȻҲ֪˵ɶֻ磬͸һһֱ˵ͣӣһֱˡ


462 Ŷݼ
ˡҿǰɭɽԱߵʦ˵ˡ
ʦ˳ִӽҲԼıͳ˰ѽȻѰ˰ѽ˱
LҲ࣬ңҲó˽
ߣȥʦ˵ʹ󲽵ߡ
ɽϴҪʪ˲٣ܶˮգʮңͻȻҾŵһɶζ΢΢üʦæͳŻƷһ⼸ŻƷȼʦһס
ͻȻǹɶζʧǷŵһɵζ
СʦҡҡͷͻȻͳǶ𣺡񶫣ҳң
󣬴Ѩ
ʦԸ͵͵ȥ͵ϮʤҪö࣬ʦôһǾȫ¶ˡ
LԱ߹ǿҵ뷨㿪ڵˣѾˣղǳζʬ⣬Ƕһ㣬ͻʬĶ
ʦǰ˵ߣԸЩˣ͵͵Ҫɣͺǹĺúøһ
׾ŴʦͻȻѨһϵó׹
ɱˣʦֱӺ񶫽ǿһһɱ
׹Ҳ̾Ἰʮϰ꣬б¾׹˵Ǳû
ⶴѨǰһϵİƵġԱ˵ҪӲѡ
ƽİ취𣿡ʦʡ
ʼ˵ʦܰҴӽͿʼ۲һᣬͦѵģȻ˵󷨣ʵǸӣϼʱҲûôѧ󷨣ҵƲˡ
ˣϺһٶ꣬ĵҲܱȡʦ̧֮ЦЦ˵һٶĵУҵǿܲν󷨡
뷣ʦһŵǸ֮ԱߵĸʹһͻȻɽҡΣ
ʦǸطҲѿ˼ӡ
̵ġʦü˵ɽǻ
ȻǣѵΪǻһԵӵĿһʦŶݼס
˵׹ͦģ˵ܺãɽȻγɵģһγɱһªŶݼףȻ׹ԼӸ죬ɽ˵
Ҫôƣʡ
ԣLôˡͻȻԱߵ˵
æһһˣһֱLȻˡ
һɲĸоˣüͷʦһҲæ˵ȫסԱߵˡ
ʦû˵꣬ͻȻҲʧƾʧģҸղŻһ۷㣬Ťͷٿȥģ㾹ȻѾʧǰ
ݣʲô󷨡ʦü
ʦȻɱץǸˣǶ󷨷Ķƻ磬ʱҲüүģ񶫣ֳҹĴŪôɶ¡
侲׾šԱ˵ͽܲˣҶû㼱ɶ
ǡһԵ˵꣬ͻȻҲ˲ʧǵǰ
֣۷üͷ
˵꣬ӰҲ˲ʧ֣˵֮ǰǼΪваʧôˣô᲻أ
Ŷݼô𣿡ʦüͷʱһԵҫͷ˵ŶݼײȻޱȡ
ʵŶݼͷˮһ
Ŷݼһźѵѧڻر٣ǸǶŶݼ׵ƣʵǳ
һѾʧˣûطѧڶѣоʮţЩʮ꣬ŶݼƵĴƭˣƭЩеˡ
ôǣʦʡ
ѾȲҪˣԼҪô߳ȥɡҫһ˵꣬üͷͻȻҲʧ
ݡʦһץסҵ˵ͽܣץң𡭡
ʦû˵꣬ͻȻҾ͸оһɺϮסң˫һڣΧһҾȻԼһɭ档
ʱҵǰӰվһɫۣһǴһɫɮۡ
زأ𣿡ͻȻǸ۵˿ˡ
۾һ走أôѵΣ
ǸŽɫɮ۵ָϻҰ˵£㿴ظΣ
ͳεĵظȻ򡣡ӿڵ
£زҡͷڵĵظ̫ˣ˵ظһ⣬ο


463 ׹
ظԴӳ֣ǳںڰ֮УطںڰҪе⡣ҲĻػ
ǵزȴ˵ظǵ⡣

һһ˫ۣ𣿸ղſĶΰɣӦǵģҴڵĴŴֱӣҿ˿Ҵʱһɽ֮ࡣ
ط֪ǵҵһθֻʬĵطʱֻ绹з㣬˱ӱԵʯϡ
סǵûԿ׵Ļû취ӵæԱߵʹһţʱ绹Դ˯һ
磬ѣܳүģؼʱ˯ˡ˵ĿƣһҧʹĳĴѾһŲȥ
Աߵ˲䷢һɱĲҽܳĸӰүҡ
ʹĴһţƨҡ
ɶҸƨ֪ôҧгݵģһһͦġ
ˣˣϽ˵˵ô졣æתƻ⣬úһ¡
翴˿ԼʱɫѿҪʲô취ؼû׼Ҫ׼˿ɾܴ򿪡
ͻȻǰʮԶʯһصһ׸ߣ׿ʯŴˣǵǸ׹ȥĵط
ʯŴ֮󣬾ʹһŲ
ߵúֺн࣬ûһᣬһһɫӵ˾˳
׹
׹ȻľһϵƤƤһģ׹þ͸ľһҸоһЩʬ嶼ģÿ
Сޡ׹ɳƣ˵žߵߣһ˫۾ֱĿңȻǸɿݵ֣ؿȻֲһ㣬ҵһﻹȵһ㡣
ԲۣͷǻһʮĻаɣȻʲôҿƺ͸ɱƤ˲˼ƤԲۣұţҪˣåǽ첻Ӧеصز飿
ȻǺð׹˵ţ˫۾ֱĿҡ
ҿ׹ȫ̰۹⣬
ȿȡ׹һ£תĴ˽ȥڽȥʱ˵һ䣺Ҵ
˵׹˽ȥ֣Ҳû˰ϼһ˭˵ء
ͻȻҾɽϷһ̧ͷһܳһֱȻ̾档
ʮףֵһף˫۷ź⣬رˡ
֨֨ӣȻĴɽϷԭ׹뿪սԼװ״̬һֻ۾һգ֪ˣǼװ
ֻβͣʹĳЩһңһ죬Ǹ˲䱻ϡãʯҲǱһСʯ׷ɡ
һ⿪Ҿ͸о˲٣һûһӣֻ˲ͳҲұġ
µʵĶʱһľˣɫƬԴһƬհף֪ôˡ
סңȻͳõʯ˽ȥ
ұȥ֮һصʯŹر
˹γɵһף׵һͨͨ͹ƽģߴ˴ʮӣŵһʯ֮ࡣ
ʯ򳡴澹ȻдĿѧоߣ͸ƽʱӰ￴ֵ֣Ĳߣиҩˮ
ףͷѵǸѧң
ɻʱͻȻǸͷʹһ׵о˳͸Щѧûɶ
ϷʮʮɽĵһʦڰʮʱձϮɽԲʮһձӣ֪ΪΣ׹һ˵һߡ
֪ҡҡͷ
Ϊҡ׹һɽ׹ĵ̣ûκҵĵطձˣһɱһһ٣Ҿɱһ٣θ棿
󻹺ͰԼձ˺ʡ
˵Ĺؼˡ׹ڵһȺʱڹڣе֣ҪҵĮͳ¡
⣬翣ãҲҪǣǣȴӲϲ׹˵˫΢˿־壬˵Ҫҷǿˡ
÷Ӳţ˿ĭȵĿԭΪܻһʮأû뵽ȻǿԼǿķӲŵģҲֲ̫ˡ
ϲֻأ춨ģû˭ܸģǰ˲˹ļһȻԼıӲ˼ʮꡣ


464 쵳
ҾֵĿǰϼһ벻һô
ֻ֨֨ӣ˫ź⿴ҡ
׹ЦЦҵ˵ӲûģֻӳԼˣվǻҴõһȽϲٷ
ʲôüһɲõԤдҵĵ
ܼ򵥰岻ǸƤңǰ̫ںһˣһֱ˺ܼ򵥵⣬ֻҪҰҵƵڣǶ˼ʮҪʱһ壬ҾͲһֱȥ𣿡׹˫ۿҵӣ̰
̫£ͲԺⱨӦЦһԽԽӦˣƹֶԵж񱨣ûκܱ⡣
׹Цһ⻹̣ʲôͷܱȶáģ׹Ҳǻˣһƽҵģʱ׹귨Ҳ
ݣȥʦУǺԸ㽻׵ģҸʲôЩʦһȺҪԼļһҪ׹Լ귨֪ʦԸ⡣
аϲġ׹ЦеĿ˵زת壬ҲҲ廹ҪõģҪҸͨ˵ӣǳͨˣһֵ츳Ҳ룬϶Ǻõþˣɣ׹һʱĸо
׹˵һסҵĲӣԭҵľҲ뿪ӡ
׹Ȼϵܴ֮ǰֻ̫Ҳۣ
׹ҵʯм䣬ʯмһףףһ׵ļ̳̻Ĺ䣬ҸͿ
׹ҷȥȻͳһӣҰؽ˿á
ι˵ɶҳԱߵ׹׹˿ңǲ֪ʲôطóһͳɫ֭Һ֭Һһȳζ
Ͱɫ֭ҺҵϾ˲䣬Ҿ͸оϴһɾۣҧһҪ˵ʲô
аٶ֭ϰֶĶҺɵģģⶫǲģҿ᲻ôõֻǻḯʴǣǻɢô򵥡
׹һ˵ϻһȵڴ˫Ŀң뿴ʲôʱһȻϵľܲˣȴԽԽ
үģ־ŪңҽҪˣһŪ㣬㲻úɢ
ʹȻ֪û˿õģҲֻ΢
ɣôõ壬Ҿһֺη׹˵Ҳ΢üͷ˵ˣôûҵİٶ֭Һ΢һξܶһͷţˣô
԰ôûأ
ϼһôôŵĶҺ϶̫죬ҳʹû顣
ˣ
ⶾҺǸʴǵģҵɶǵزת̵ģزⸯʴˣزë
뵽⣬Ҳǰ˲٣һʱɾʹҲ쳣ʹֻ࣬Ҫɶ˵
϶ôҪҪֱӸҲһɾ䣿ҳ
׹ʹҡͷôõӣҪֱӴɱ㣬Ҳˣˣ̫ǿˣӦزȻ򵥣¸¡
˵׹һķָϸɫĳӣ͸ϳһ
ʲô⣿üʡ
רǵ쵳档׹˵ֱӰŵҵıǿ״ֻӻĳҵıǿ˹
ͻȻһĲҺ˲һɺ⴫˳Ϣ
ҵɴ۾ֻ쵳棬ҸоˣҪֻ쵳ҵıǿףľͻ
Դʹҡֻ쵳˦ȥûãֻ쵳ܿҵıǿף˽ȥ
Ҹоµûţ촭ˣֻܿ쵳ҵܵλá
ôǲǸоͷʼˣ׹Ҵʱ״̬϶Цˡ
оԴʼγ˯
Ȼ˯˰ɣ˾۾һգʲôùˣʲôҲˣ۰
¡
ͻȻŵķһ¡׹ʱŭ˭
ң׾ţʦԶ


465 
ʦ
ԭѾ˯ȥˣʦʱ˾񣬶ԣһһз㣬磬ʦ裬ҲҪˣǿ϶رĵġ
ʹһҪԼ⣬һɾ۴˲䣬Ҳ˹
׹ʦſ֣ҵϾҪƻûʱһѽͳȥҪһң϶Ҳ㲻һҲˡ
ϼһϧúܣ˲һƣ
ɱͽܣСʦŽָЦʣô
ʦι˸쵳棬Ҹоҿˡҳʦ
ʦһɫ΢䣬ŽҵؿʹһңһҸоθ˲³һѵķˣ滹һӣֻӱ³˲䣬һӾͱˣȻͲˡ
ʦŽŰҵһɵĿӡ
æҴʱȻоϻۣʦһۣûйңСĿ׹
׹ЦǺǵ˵׾Сֵܣͷͦʢĺ֮ʦ嵱ҲйһЩʣʦ̫ĸ˵㣬ô˵ҺʦҲǾʶôʦѶ֣
ߣ㶼ɱͽˣ㲻á˵꣬ʦӽͳȥһȥ
׹ϵʦ֣һӣһɺܹŹֵӿʦֱӵ˻ײʯǽϡ
֣̫ûɽˣЩ˶֪ҵĴʦѵû㵱׹һаɱձϰʿ𣿡׹Цúа죺棬Щ˻̫ˣ
ָһ˵꣬ͻȻ׹Ťĺ󱳾Ȼֻֻ֣ѪܵģĶġ
㻹аʦɫ΢еѿҿʦɫ֪׹òƲǣϽܵʦԱʣɶⰡ
ǺеһֽБһЩӡԼڣڹؼʱٻЩʦü˵ʮ˲
Ҳģµظһ˵׹Цһ£ͻȻͳ˹
ٶȺܿ죬һûüӦʱʦ˲ҵǰס׹
ϽȥЩҺȥǣʦ˵ͻȻ׹һסʦĲӣʹİʦ˦ʮףײһʯǽ档
֪ҲֻܰﵹæȾܡ
˴ʮӣҲܵ⣬֪ʦղôôģҺܿͿǸţһĳ˳ȥʱʯһڵϣ˿ûж
ԴϻŰ˰ѽLͷ֮Ϸ磬зͷĵط˵Ҳ֪˵Щɶ
һˡҳ˹ȥ
̧ͷʣ׾أ
ںǸ׹أҰﲻæܻˡ˵ֱ꣬Ӿͳʯ˽ȥ
ӣôˣͻȻ㿴ҵĵʡ
˵ûˮЩǶҺǸʴǵģǸʴģϽõˮϴһ¡
˵귲ϽóһƿȪˮݸңſȪˮϳ壬ԭϻģȪˮţ˲䴫һĸоܿϴɾˡ
˰ɡҸ˵꣬ͻȻüҵ˵ӣ㣬ˡ
ɶ
ֱӵݹһӣһҲûιȥԭҵ˵˧Ҳ󲻵ȥǴʱȻЩɫĶҺϴɾˣѾöҺʴСѿڣЩСѿ滹һЩ͵ĶҺ
ݣȥúϴϴһûµġҳ˿
ͻȻͷLһ۵ûãǰٶҺɣԶˣǰˡ
ݣСӲ˵İ֪˵ʵһԵ粻ˣL
ûû£ȥġҿžԼøһȻͷ˵ɣԼﻹеܲˣ˭ܽԼǸ˹أ
¡
ͻȻʯ֮ڴ졣
һӰֱӴ˳ʦʦɳײ֮ǰסǵǸʯϣʦˤ֮һѪ˳
ʦҾȵĿʦһûôʦ˴ӡ
ߣҪǳһסǵġʦڵϣǴ
ʦ䣬ͻȻַɳһӰҲֱӱ˳ϲ԰׵úܣʦҡ


466 
ҿʦ˳ҲǾȻ֪Ǽһܺʦƽְɣû뵽ʦ򲻹
Ҫ֪Ҳǲģʱǧʬɱʮֻ۽ʬĳȻļţˣȥûһᾹȻ׹ˡ
ʱǶ׹Ҳ˳ʱ׹ѾɺģͿī֭һϸһʵһɴĺɫɷı棬ɷѾΪʵ壬ƤϷ
ͻȻԭڵϵİ˰ѽ˵⣬һѽ׹Ͷ˹ȥ׹Աһ㣬ѽͲ
æֳѽ嵽׹Χ׹Χм䡣
ŵʲôˣ׹ûж㿪
аħҲֱʦүһȥ췽Բ£±ʣأ
䣬ʹİһѽ˵ϣ˰ѽмĵ˲磬žģȻ첲ֵ׹Ӿȥ
׹˿㣬׵ϣЩɫɷɵľ͵ס׵硣
СҲʦүˣ׹Ц˼ûѧʦүİֻ򰡣ϾɱʱһֱӺɱֻ׵磬ҵɷơ
Ǽôʦ˵꣬һɰϱ˳ϵӽҲһӽ֮Ϸһɫâʦȵ뷣
Ȼȥһ׹ͷȥ׹ɫ˲ˣæԱ߶㣬ɷҲ۵ϣҪеɷ۵ϣ󱳵ɷϡ
˲䣬ߵ׵ֱӺ䵽ıϣͬʱʦһҲǿϡ
¡
һɾ죬׵ҫİ׹Ҳò۾۾ҲǱ̵úۣƬ̲˫ۣʱ׹ûղôˡ
ʱ·׵ãʺѪҺ㱳ֻҲǱ׵һֻ
Ҳʦһϣڵϡ
ʦһֺֻҲæ˻׹ʲôа
׹û˸ղŵ棬ʱڴڵĴŴؿڲͣüͷǡ
ðЩ󱲹Ȼʤ˺ϻһҲ˼׹ʱǱ
ʦ״̬ҲãʦΪɱ㣿˵ûºͰ̹꣬˼ԹǣϽ˵ʲôط
Ұھֻ׹ʯڣŶݼ׾ǵɽģСһб¾ʦүŶݼףȻҵˡ
ü˵ʦүʲôϵֻҪ񶫣ұضΪղŵǸ
ǸҪ꣬ܰҪҽ񶫣û⣬ǰɱС⣬ҪǸСһ׹˵ָָҡ
үһԵΪŴİŶݼףΪƲˣ
磬ƣ˶磬С˵ǵɽµŶݼףбƣ
֪ҡҡͷ˵ǲô֪
νŶݼףȻǱͨˮܶ࣬ҲǾڷˮ֮ڣ֮ڣֻҪûвƵģֻûҵѡ˵üͷ˼ʲôһ
ˣͻȻòʶһˮţƵ˰Ϲơ
ʦûϹƵĵ绰ææڵ
ϹƣǼһҺûɶʦҡҡͷȴ۾һЦ˵Ϲǰɽһֱϵʦ
˵ͳ绰һ룬ܿǱ߾ͽˣ㹧ĶԵ绰Ǳ˵ϹǰңС裬һŶݼôƣʲôŶݼףʯɣ˵ʦү裬Ի˵ĹЧ
ᣬǱ߹ȻϹƵϹƵǰҲ֪һŶݼ׵ŶݼеŵĽϣƣôˮԵͯ۱ɡ
ͯ
׹һֱ۾ǣû˵ͻȻʦһ˭ĻǴУվ
ߣܵ㲻ʣһƨϣȻ㡣
ͻȻһֻû˵L˵ǡ


467 ׹֮
ҾȵĿLͷҸûŮĺңģҸߣܶûߣļֱǴ룬ƫƫLһǣҶʮ˻ǵġ
ɺ޵һﾹȻ˧ޱȣҪ⣬ҾǳŶñӸˡ
ãˣۣӣʦ˵ʱʦҲ緢Ŷݼ׵Ѿһ㡣
׹Ц˵Ұɣ¸¡
ϼһ֪װBҪôһˡԱ߶
Ҿ˵Ͻۡ
ͳһ̣˫Ŀֻ̣ʹ㣬׹ʱӦǱ˰ɣһֱûж
Ƭֵ̣˵۲ǻ
ָǸ׹˵ۣ
ĻʦЦһ˵ѹϼһôţۣԭԼۣLϣһȥ
Ժ׹ڵϣȻLԱϣ붼ظ
ϣҲһԴ
׹ʱŭߣǵʲôˣɱңҲܴ˳ã
ӻųˡʦһ˵ͳȥɵľͰͷڵϡ
Ȼû´ϼһȻƣˡʦЦôͣܰҺԼ˺ҲСɣ
ղҿһֻ֣ߵ׵磬㾹ȻղŻӲţ治ʦһŤͷL˵һ
LͻȻͨ죬͸ߵСкһ֮ǰ
ԱߵʹĳLԴһ£򰡣ëϡ
Lԥߵ׹Աߡ
æתӣLҲǽ⿪ͳСܵܣǾǲ
ôˣô򰡣LǺˣʦͻȻͣꡭ
ͻȻһɻƵҺͳֱ׹ϡ
׹ʹʦѹס׹˵һָˣһɱǣ
׹ҲǶƣҪʱͱˣһʱϣôװBҪĻܷʱвҪɱǣܷ
ڶʱģҪǱͣҲϣʱһһߺLڲԶҲģһҲ̫ˡ
֮׹ʧȥڵʱʱĳ鴤һ£LҲǻصԱߣ绹L˵еϻ𰡣еƣȵˮġ
ιòⲻڹĵɡԱ
֨֨
ͻȻʯһ˻
׹ŵԱߣͻȻͳһһֱζڣȫʯͷɵʯݣһֻͨ棬ҲǺģĶ
ߣȥʦ˵Ҫߣ߹ȥסʦָ׹ʣϼһô죿
ҲˣŹң滹кܶأΣյģҴȥɱҡ׹Ŀ
ʦԱߣЦ˵ϼһ˵ģ̫ˣӦˡ
кܶأӡ˺֣ܶȥҿ԰ץ񶫵ģңġ׹ҪվվʣµֻץסʦĿ˵ҲģҲ
ҿ׹ҲһݣϼһΪԼֱɥĲ񣬵ʵܹʣ˭أ
ˡʦӽ˵ңʵ˵һֽѣ㿴ԼʱжôǱΪ˻ЩνСģΪǰأΪɽһ׵أ
վϵʦվ׹˵
׹ȻץʦĿţȻҪҪʲôûˣҪɱңҿԸκ飬㵱ˣɱ˭Ҿɱ˭Ҫɱҡ
ڣ
ʦӽѾ̽׹࣬׹ŵĿŴԼӽ૵ҪҲҪ
ԭѡϵȥûҪʦ˵˿ҪϵһҪԼϣʲô𣿡
꣬ȴֵʦ˵꣬ӽ׹Ҳǵڵϣ˫۵ɵϴʦ㲻ףһʲôûˣţһС
׹û˵Ѿ˫ۣ׹֪ΪʲôҲûɱֿл˵Įе㲻ǿִţֻİɣµûš


468 ٻ
ҿ׹ʬ壬̾˿ʦȫˣȫ෴ļֵۡ
ɶأʦҵԴһָͷ˵ϼһ̧ɽ´ȥɣһǮ
ΪɶأϼһʬͶﲻôֵʡ
ʦ̾˿˵׹Ҳĸˣô˵ҲǵǰȻˣǸһɡ
ˡ˵ͷȻ߹ȥɵľͱ׹ʬ壬׹ݵøһҲʮɾͱȻߣҲǸǻͷ˵ӣСĵ㡣
֪ˣȥɡҵ˵ͷŷԶˣҲʦΪɶأ
ҿɲΪʦǵ米ʬȥҪʬ壬ʱ׹ʬ岻Ҳһô
Ȼղ׹Ļʱ˵ģǲųΣգӺСȥҲﲻʲôæǳȥҲá
أҲҸ˵ԼҲﲻæģʦҡͷ˵һȻҲﲻʲôæʱԱɵز
׹Ѿˣ񶫴ʱҲ֪ǷǿǷֻ׹Ѿ˰׹Ǽǿ϶򲻹ģʱҪӱɵزʰˣ𣿡ʦ͵
ʦĽͣŵ˵ͷʦְӽϵѪ˲ʹֵȥҲܵǶڣպ˰˰ľȥLҲʦ棬ȥ֮ǰLͷ˵Һ棬Сĵ㡣
˵Ҳȥˣæ
ͨխףһףպùһߣҵʯҲǺܳʪвٵ̦޺
˴߷ӣͻȻͳ⡣
ҸϽ߳ͨô
ʯʮףһ󣬶ʯмһ׵ĺɫ̳̳ķģҷǿ
ʲôָż̳Աߵʦʣʦ˵˭
̳һղҾȻûע⵽̳мһ׵Բκɫӣʱ׹һɫķ档
Ȼǿ׹Ҳ˿ãʱ׹۾Ѿ˹ȥ
ᡣüͷ߹ȥʦһסң˵㿴ʯ֮ڡ
ʦĻһʱɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ʯ֮ڿ⻬ޱȣϣǽڣʯڣȫģķӡ
ʲôҿЩ͸оЩܹ졣
һٻ󡣡˵ɽһЩ鼮صļأ˴ٻ󣬲֪ٻʲôа񣡡
׾ţˣӣ׹ӦѾ׶༪˰ɣͻȻ񶫾ͳǼ̳ߣЦеʡ
ʦһЦ˵ôͶԼôţ㻭ٻʱѾհ׹ˣٳûжǶԼ̫أǱأ
ٺ١Ц˵͵Űɣû뵽Ǹ׹ô¾ͱʰˣԭΪܵȸĸСʱǲŻء
ͬ飬ôʦʡ
ͬ飿ϼһʶ̫ˣ죬ûд־񶫲Ǽ򵥵ˡ񶫺˵˵ˣνͬ飿͸һǻöѣҿɲϲͬߣ˹ؼʱͬ黹ġ
ûֵͬ飬ûйֿԷĵİѺ󱳽ͬ飬Ż˵ղŵĻˡʦҲһЦͻȻȣɣҿ㻭ٻ󵽵ٻʲô
ͿˡͳһɫСƿӣʦЦӦûаϤģӵйĶģ
˵񶫾ͰɫСƿӴ򿪣һЩɫҲ֪ѪҺʲô
ЩɫҺһڵϣʱ̻Щӡ֮ڣЩѪҺԼٶȿʼԱӣ˲䣬ôһʯ֮ڵķӡȫЩɫҺ塣
ͻȻԭһ˿ʯ˲ı˸£ˡ
ӡʼˣȫʯĶۣӡǻ۵һĻ۳һΡ
ʲô֣ˡüͷʱط¶Ҳʮߡ
ǣʦüͷϿҲе㲻ãͻȻԱʣҵ֪ʷôһȡ
ʲô˿
һǧ


469 ɣ
ɣʬ
΢΢һͻȻҾͳʦʣʦǰиǾǺ𣿡
ԡʦüǲܻġ
Ϊʲôֵʡ
϶ǡʦͻȻᶨ˵ѾǽʬˣǱȽʬһĠֻ꣬ɹǰġ
ʯ֮ǵɫĺӰϵŤһӰĴʯڽ⾹ȻһŮˡ
ŮһɫŴۣһżӣһ֣ͻȻһɰʬﱬ˳Ǳ˲ʧˣ⺵ɴʱͺһͨһ㣬һϢҲûˡ
ǵһɣŮɣü˵
һɣ
ǵһǾѰˡ
˵ĴʬʵѾͨĽʬˣѾħˣഫʱֻҪкɳǳǧ仰õֽʬ
Ĵʬ纵ʵһԵģһֻɣֻôͲһֻɣضĿơ
˭һǺɵд
һ֮ǰŵɫԴĴǺɵʬɣٻ˼ġ
񶫵Ļһ˵꣬ͻȻͷɳʮԶˤڵϣ³һʺѪҺ
˭ٻһġɵû˿ϲŭġ
ҿһˬ񶫹Ҳû뵽⽩ʬɵʵô׿Ƶģһ㲻ûֻɾֱɱ뵽⣬æڳǺɵɣֽһˣҪԸǣĿġ
ڿҪȰƶ⺵ɷȻഫ⺵ɵӣǱԲǱȸġ
һһ˵꣬⺵ͻȻϱ㿪ʼ⺵Ҳ
𣡡һ⺵ɵкԭҲһõӣ˫ҲǱɫ¶˳
ͻȻǺ˫ֱľͿʦȣ
ɶ⣿ʦһ¡
⺵ͻȻһȻһһԳ򣬳ʦͷ˹ٶȿˡ
ҷǻûӦʱ⺵Ѿǵʦǰһץʦץȥ
ָҲǳףģޱȣҪץʦ϶µظȥæˡ
ʦӽؿһס˺ɵһץɵþˣֱӱףҵʱԱߣŽԱߵĺɾȥ
һ˺ɵţǺɾȻûһһȭҵؿڣҸоؿںͷʹһһƵúܣоθﷴθúܣһѪ۵ľʹ˳
췽Բ£±ʣأҲǿúܽ˲˰ѽ˺ɵΧ
˰ѽ˲׵磬⺵ɾȥ
¡
һɾ죬Ҷ䶼ܲˣɱһ´ҲһɫѪҺ۾˲俴ôҪɱħͷҪţ
ȣ𣡡һ˵꣬⺵ɵѾסĲӣٶ̫ˣҸͿ⺵ɵĶ
ôҵ𣿡ʦҲеɻ૵˵ȵתѵģ
׾ţû뵽û뵽ԶҲǹЦͳһźڷ档
˵񶫱ߵ˰׹ߣһźڷ˰׹Ķͷϡ
׹ԭ֮Уһŷ˲ľ˫ۣҽ
˫˷ܵɫǼ̳ϣǺɫļ̳һɫĹâЩâס˰׹Ȼǵâֲס񶫣ڹ˰һ
ӣLȥȰ׹ҺԸֻɡʦɫҲǺܺÿҲ¶ŵɫǺɴɶ԰ɣɱǾԣ
ȫʦģһʦҲǱǣһɿ񱩣ΨҶƴʦϷƲ⺵֮ǰʬ
ʦ˲˳ȥһֻɵĶϣֱֻӱ߳ʮԶ£סϡ
һʦҲˣǺɫ̳˹ȥLҲǸҵ󣬾ɫ̳ʮԶͻȻ̳ܳһɫ͸Ĳϡ
һϣüͷ⿴ܼӲӡ
뷣𽫳ʹ֮Ͽȥ


470 
ûЧ
һȥ˿ûãһӡӶûⲣ£ͣҵֱûۡ
ôơҳԱߵLʣLüͷҲǳľһ£Ȼ˿ûЧ
ơLȻھԵǰȻᱻơ
ⲻǷϻ𣿡ҰһۣʲôԵ
СLͻȻ˵Ҫʱ䣬ʮӡ
˵֮LͰѰ˰ѽڵϣγһԲΣȻҧԼָ˰ѽмѪһֵͼڣһ֮㻭ˣLű˫ۣм䲻˵
֪Lʲô󷨣Ҳ˵ҴʱԱҲ֪øɶˡ
ŤͷʦǱߣʦͺɴüȣƾеӣʦԱ߻иǴʱѹֻɴˡ
ǽʬɱοֻʬҹʦҪֻɣû켸ҹĴսûϣģǴʱָæġ
Lжðҿǵڹ⣬Ҳżǰ׹İοҪǰ׹ˣ񶫾ͻѶԸˣҴ˽˵Ҳϣ׹Ϊɳ˵ǽǾ̫Ƶĵطˣһܿˡ
ˣLʱͷҲ˺ܶĺˮ
ΰ£˵ǵزôΪëҸоʱʹ͵ġ
ָоزģԼûãʦͺɵĴս˿ﲻæģҲÿL
˳˿ڴӣסӣҪɵز
ǱɵزǰЩȫӭ⣬϶ܾ£ǣһʧȥԵļأҲǸû
ҷ˼ʱLͻȻվ۾ܶѪ˿ѡ
ʲôҾȵʣΪҴLϸоһɺƣLǿ϶ôƵġ
Lش֮ȭͷ𣺡ʮƣ
֮󣬳һȭȥһLΪɢ˳ȭͷϵ˲䣬ͻȻ͹ѺۿΧӡ
žһ죬ֱӾѵˣͬʱLҲǵ˵ϣɫ԰׵ˡ
ԲۣSBʮԪͻһȭҿŵڵϵL
Lҡͷ˵û£ɽϵǰòԪܻӣһҲνġ
ݡһϽȥԱߺúϢͿҵˡ
ҴʱҲҵ飬Ҳ֪񶫵Ҫʱհ׹ֱӳ˼̳ܽڹ֮ڡ
һȥҵʶȫޣͻȻ񶫵׹αؼŲһʹҰѣӦøлҲǡ
ֱɱңҾֿΪҵ˵ҲԸͻȻб¾ԼյңҪԴң׵ı򶯣Һγ֣
Ѿˣʲôֻƾ˹ȥܶҾᡣ
˭һ
ҡ˵ģϽ⿪ϵķ
˵žϵȻѹסᣬɵĳǸ
ͻȻһ˫־ץסҵͷ
˵ڻŻҺ£˵Ҿ͸оһ˫סҵĲӣҶʱо
񶫣˵ȥץסͷʹİԴҵԱߣȻұһҧĶϡ
ʱҲֻѧȭ̩ɭ
񶫱һҧ䣬ʱҲǲҽô˵ʱҲѪ֮һоۡ
Ĳҽϸӵ֪ĸѧ˵ģ͵ҧܾˣڼ޵ʱ򣬿ҧϸֽɶģҲ֪ܲҧϸֽͻȻ͸о洫һѪζ
㾹ȻҧҵĶ䣬Ҫɱ㣡񶫿ŭĽ
öģµĶ
ͻȻҾ͸оһ첲סңʹһ
񶫴ˣȻҾʹĳץҼǵǸžλãͻȻҾʹһһӾͳ
ҪͻȻ񶫾ʹһϲ̫ˣڳˡ
ˢһΧǺɫĹâʧΧʱܼˣǸʯϵİ׹Ѿʧһͷһʱ׹񶫡


471 ֮
ȻѾɱˣҵѾմѪȣɱһˡ׹дޱߺ⣬ɱʮ㡣
ᡣҿŰ׹ӣ
лˣݶ飬һ㡣׹һЦͨˣҲ׵϶ҲϣȻظѣҾزȷ棬Ϊظ֮Ҳǻµ
ͨãúõĻȥͺáҵͷ
У㲻γɾҵĴޱߵĻںޡ
񶫣ɱֻΪԼһ˽Ϊ񡣡׹ͻȻɢһɺɫķ⣺֮޼į֮ࡣ
ҪͻȻڳһˣȻҫ壬ʱҫͷңԱߺͺͺɴ򶷵ʦ˹
ţ׹Ťͷҫüͷһɺɢ˳æ˵Լˣף֡
ҽһ°׹ɺɢˡ
סҫһܵԱߣʱһӹˣ񶫴ӣ뿴޼𣿾ңɱ׹죡
Բ𡣡ҫҡҡͷӵĿ񶫣֣Լµ򣬽ֻһΪ˼һ棬Բ𡣡
˵ҫ񶫿ͷ
ѵ֮գ۾ҲǻҰһ˲оҲİ
񶫴ҿŰ׹ŵ񶫣ҲǸоĲʣȻǵˣڼ֮ڷչӴ֯ٹˣͷСˣһˡ
˵˰ɣȥɣֻǿʼµظ֮ʼ˼䷸µɡ׹˵꣬гһɫɷӽ񶫵Դ棬񶫻
˴Ŷʮ룬񶫱ûϢû˶
ҿ񶫵ʬ壬Ҳ˿ͬʱҲŰа̴ʧˡ
ҫһֱڵϣ˫ֱĿ񶫵ʬ塣
ͬʱֻɻҲɢһҫ۵ĺ⣬Ϊģɢ֮С
ʦҲĿֻʧˣ񶫵ʾһпʼʧ
ز˼һнˣڵظ㡣ɱ֮Ҳ񶫵ʬгһ߲ʰ쵵Ĺϣ֪񶫵ǣ˵֮Ҳֱʧҵǰ
֡ҫɫƽߵǰʬ壬ʧȥ
ҲܵLԱߣһʣLûɣûĻͻظ
ûءĻͷһ˵𣿡
š

ʰһ£Ȼ߳ɽ뿪ɽʱҲóһӡɽڣɽϾ׹ϳ֪ʲô֣˶ƣˣҲȥֱӷӡڣЩħֲܳ
һߵ˰ǴӣҲҵͷ㣬ʱѾǮ׹ֻǮûμ
׹ʵҲɽܳЩǰ׹ɰݣܶ˼ﶼŪӹ׹
ź׹ĸ֮һҲ뿪ɽˡ

صʱѾǵڶϾŵˣҪL֮ͺǸˣɽȥҺLһμ棬˵Ǻҳ»ݵһμ棬Ҳʶˣͦġ
ȻLһﲢСһʱ䲢ȴܶԸȻƽʱģȴһܽˣʱҲû˵̫Ļֻʹӵһ¡
뿪֮ҫҲ뿪ˣҫҪ񶫵ʬǱ߰ᣬԭҫǾסǱߣʦҲֻǶҫ³֣Բ
ҫҲҡͷ˵ⲻʦ飬Լܡ
ⶫ֮˻ڲԴﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬿ԸıԼˣҲǴ˵еĸ
УйӲҲܲˡ
ǰ޷⣬Ȼһ֣󻹵޼ǰµ
ҫߺʦҲ˵Լ֪࣬ɶȥˣһ˾ʣңͷˣ񲢲Ҷ˵һ㣬ԹԵĻ򸻴ãҲ׼򸻴ã˸ùݣס˽ȥ


472 ҵĴȱ
裬㡣ùͳֻ˸绰ȥ
㹤ôæɶԼ湤ǼڼҺءڵ绰ͷ˵
˿˵ظҶǻزˣ᲻õ˾ˣҴСûףְֵİҴĿˣұȥС
û£ˣ˵ˣ˵֮Ҿ͹Ҷ˵绰ŵ绰ͻȻͿ˻ĵ绰룬Ǵ˹ȥ
ιСӣɶأڵ绰Ǳʡ
ûɶ°ǹģ⼸ôͦõģҲ̹ͦġ
һ̫Ϊʲôˡ
ǰа̵ģɱ˿϶ȻбӦ߽˺Уի𣬳ǿԻ񱨵ġ
СӣΪⲼͲ֪顣ͻȻڵ绰Ǳ˵Ҫɵز˽ģúȥɡ
š
ˣ˵ˣ˵˹˸еģԺȥȻܼҲһ˸еǱЦǺǵ˵ԼҲ룬ʵҲõ飬ֱӾͳˣЩгի𶼳ɲСˡ
Ҳǡ˵Ϣɣټһ졣
š
˵Ҿ͹Ҷ˵绰ùݵĴϣԴҺģɵزȻѾɸıһ飬һһ鲻ɸı䣬һᷢĻܻõķ룬ҲʲôʱֻҪ뵽飬ƽ
ڴԺҲ˯ˣڶһľ˹ûΣһ˯ú㡣
ߵĴڣ洺Īĺһ㣬ͳ绰˹ȥ
ιĸҴ绰ʲôԺģû˯һ
磬ɹƨˣϽ𴲣ǻϼҡҳ˵
ϼңȥɶ˲˹˵ŶŶõģУϴ·ˣҪϷ㲻
ҳһҡҡͷ˵ˡ
Уģڳվſڼ˵Ǳ߹Ҷϵ绰
ʵҲûɶͼ·ҲʰǱ棬ű߳ùݡ
ү֪鲻ãŪô΢õ㡣
˸ʿǳ⳵ʦ˵˳ɶվܿ͵˳վ
վڳվŵĹ㳡ϣ˫ֲ嶵ϻỴ̈һǲ߹ȥƨһ˵ߣؼң

ÿһλصٶиָܣÿһλؼңԵĸдĪڳٵĸ¥öѧʱд˺ܶ࣬볤ɶطЩ
й˵˼أ˺ᣬйرԣһλ˰ɡ
ɶأϽˡһ˵
ûɶձҵʱҲʱɱˡָһطҸҵҵʱҲʼֵʱ
Ҿ룬ǰֻȻǵģܸоֻ˵ʲôҵҿʼ֮Ÿоһ˿Ȥ
Ҳʼ֪ˣԭ£ÿһֻʵԼĹ£ÿһֻɱˣÿһֻΪ
ʱǲոտʼǲת۵㣬Ҳһе㣬һбϵĿʼ
˵ҪǲڻզͻȻһԼֵ⡣
զ˵϶ò̫ãһСֵ죬챻˾Ϊٷɶġ
˵ǲϲͨ˵ǵġ
ǰǡҡҡͷ˵ˣǱͲ֮ͨˣαعͨͺñǹǿ϶Ͳϲ
ˣವģҪɵزˣ˵ѵġЦе˵ôɶԺúȺþˣ̣Ҫʱֲǡ
һ˵һ߻ص˶³֮˵£ȻͳԼ˻ȥ
ҲԼȥҼ¥·˼飬Ҽ¥и̯ӣȫЩƤëԼһЩɵҩʱһϺߺȽ
ܶھԱ߶̫ˣ˵Ӧðɶġ
ҶʱǰϿһƵȫǺܶƤµ̣Щﱻ̵ɱƵһ˻ظ˵̫֮ġ
Ҿ͸оûɶʵҲΪ̣ңɱǣǶ룬ЩɱǣǻٵĴȱĳǻԥɱ࣬ҧǣⱾǸǿʳᡣ
ҵزĴȱҲֻΪ壬Ϊвɱ뷨ʵǴģɱѵľǹˣ㲻ɱȥɱùȾƣһɾ֮˵ɱͳɷû˿Ӱ졣
ҵزĴȱֻΪ壬ҵزҳ»ԵĴȱ


473 Т
ݣ˼ɶأ⻹ûɵزأɶȱȱġ
ûֱͣ¥ȥ
Ҵ򿪼߽˼һ£貢ûڼңһˣӦȥϰ˰ɡ
ʵҺܾǰ費ϰˣڼˣֲȱǮ貢ҵģǵȥϰࡣ
˼ɳϣ򿪵ӣ۾ĿһĳҲȷʵ۵ùǺ
Ҿ˯ˣԺ˿۾һˡ
һ棬춷ˣҾԼ湤𣬳ܸɶ
ûɶͻЦ˵Ҳͷϵİͷ˺ܶ࣬ͷϵҲ˲١
СӣСأôûԱߣӲ輸һƻƻ
ĻҲû˵ʣǺ˼ҳ˰ɣСֺõһ۸˼ң˵ˣǳܡ
裬֪ˡε˵ϹɶأûͷһôƶϳҺˡ
Сӣ˵˵֪ˣ˵֪ˣﲻⲻû˵һôһۡ
ҶôˣԼ뷨ˣˡе㲻ͷ˵Ҳ裬£СʱΪ辭߶ңһ졣
Ŷأƨ㺢ӳװ졣ȻǲĵԱ߽ҺͷҪôӣҪ֮ͰһЩྴɶġ
ྴǽɶһ˻ô⣬Ȼֻĵ뷨϶ǲ˵ģȻ׼һ
ʵ߶ҾСʱ죬ǸɶΪҴȻһ
ʵʱȻСԼ뷨ֱǰҵ׶԰СӴһ
ʱ߶ȻͷҲûгϾһ߶Ҳ˵
裬ҵóȥ룬˵
ɵúúõģȥɶֵʡ
ҾΪ쳣㣬쵼У׼͵ȥ졣ʱһԣһȥƵܻе᲻㣬ܻ㡣
Сӣ˼ֲǸ˼ңȥΪ˹赱ȻǸ˰һȥеˣܻܲأԱ߹ĵʡ
ǲܡ̾˿쵼˵Ǳ࣬ٲĹڵ飬ʱʲô鷳ֱ磬æˡ
Ҳ̫ͻȻ˵㡣ʼջ¶˲᣺˵Ҫȥ꣬ڼһ˹¿ġ
ⲻϱôʱ÷ᵽ㡣˵
ҲãиӦ˵ͷҲ̫ļˣעڹϲǣȻ쵼˵ǿ㣬ðסС
Ա߸˵Ҿһţץס֣ʵ˲˵Ҳϲ˵Ļһ̾˿˵裬Щ᲻㡣
Сӣ˵úزһɶ᲻õģȥȶˣ赽ʱ㲻һûȻЦģҲǺܸˡ
ҿóΪ˲ҵģװЦݡ
ȻҪߣǺ£ͷһԸףһ°ɡĨĨѾۿ˵ҳȥǡ
šҿ뿪ıӰҲǿյġ
һ仰˵úܺãܶණҪʧȥʱ򣬲Ż
ǰһûʲôرĸоڣТ˳裬ʹԱߣһӡ
ƣТײڣʱȴǷ˹ТڣТ֮
뿪֮ҲֻԼ˵裬Բ𡣡
ٶȺܿ죬ڶϵĶݴƵ궨һ䣬Ҵ绰֮ұȥˡ
˷䣬ְЦǺǵ˵ӣ˵Ҫȥ죿ϲȥɶ˼ǵҼӣһ֪棬һûϢ
ιιɶ°ȥһȥءһԽͬʱúֵңΪɶôѰɡ
ŴʱҲϯϣ֪Щģû˵ֻƱ˵ӣһ·˳磡
ϼһмһġһЦ˵ͷƣһ£һ
ϯǾһֱԷû飬Ҳ˵¶ˣһֱûи˵ֻһںȾơ


474 ǲ
Һ˺ܶƣൽ£ѹ֣ƽʱ趼Ȱٺȵ㣬ǽȴû˵ֻҺȡ
ȶҾͱһֱޣͰοң˵Ҳǳȥ꣬޸ɶ
ףһߣٴμ棬Ѿ˹;Ҷ֪᲻ڵļ䡣

޷εһִůԶڱʼչעϧ̫ھγĸ׵İȴԶδþĳ忪׶տɱ𴺷绯ů͸ҵһԵôܰĿҼǰ·ҵӦûɱ׶׼˵İ㡭
֪ΪʲôͻȻͳBeyondİ㣬дĸ׵ĸ裬豧ס˵ɵСӡ
ҾͼǵҺ˺ܶƣȻԴۣΣȻû˼䡣

ԴۣԴ۾ҴʱԼҵķڣԼŵBeyondĺСʱߣ̾˿
ʰ˶һʱ䣬Ѿʮˣ貢ûڼңǳȥϰˣҿſյӡ
ҳһֽ룬ֽд
裬Բƭ㣬ҽҪȥִһΣյһҪҪִе񣬻һԶܼˣҪţһֱģĶӣ»Ծʡ
дֽҷ˲輸ϣҵıȻ뿪ʮļҡ
ͦãȻֱֵ֪ÿ޳ɶӡ
ߵ¥£ͳֻ˹ȥ֮Ҿ˵ˡ
绰ûʮӣͱűˡ
ô죿ҿƨƨߵʡ
׼ˣһӴЬͰ˷Ӹһ§ҵļ˵߰ɣظʲôطҶ㡣
ֵܡҿԱߺЦ磬ļ򣺡㲻ȥˣԼɣһȥˣȥҲﲻʲôæ
̫ˣ仰أղǻǿ׼;ȥΣƱˡ
һųƨ˹ȥ˵ʶңܳ
ģһǸʹġ§Ҽ򣬹Ц
⣬ҲȻұұͲ׼µظˣظЩֲ̫ˣرǼһأֲǶ༸ټܾʤģȥҲǶһڻңҵȻϣȥ
ĳվͳ˵ӣʱھˣԼȥ֮סһҪСģǸٵ飬ҿɲûȥ㡣
ģұɵز֮󣬵һʱסҵ˵ͷȻʹӵһ¡
ֱ֮ûôˣʹӵһ£ƨƨߵȥˣıӰ
ҸЦһ£ɵϣԺԽԽá
뿪֮Ҳͨʦĵ绰
ʦʲôʱµظҳ绰Ǳߵʦʡ
ʦңô׼𣿺ͼ˷ֱ𣿡
šҵ˵ͷ
Сأ˵ټ𣿡ʦǱʡ
ˣԽԽǲ뿪ҴʱѾ¶ıɵزôҾ͡
һû˵꣬ʦ˵㻹ǷŲ°ɣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ķһˣֱӰӷŵһ𣬱ɵزڱˣĻ᲻áʦڵ绰Ǳ˵
԰ҵȷŲ¡ҵ˵ͷҲòϵ⡣
ȻŲ¾ͷŲ°ɣڽҰɣһµظСһ棬ȥɣڽֱ֮ӾͻµظҲܽʱҾͲԥʱˣ֮ǰڽˣȥȥСԼˡʦǱ˵
ҡ죬ԭ˵ÿǣֱӾڽģϸһ뻹˵ʦллˣҿһ°ɣ֮ǰһڽ򡣡
ţԼһЩֻһΣһЩⱲҲֻһΣǱԼ飬ԼˣҪǲҪԼһźᱧģԺ˵زҲڡʦǱȰ˵
ֻһһμĻ᣿
ľȻĹҶ˺ʦͨȻ󷭿ͨѶŷĺ룬ʼԥŲҲȥ
ͻȻ䣬һκڳټ棬ΪŮ龰ԼһУͬӰ㣬ʼԴ治ͣѲز
ǲ


475 벽Ĺ
ҵ˺ܾãһҧҡͷˣҲµظ˸ʿǰڽķɻƱ
ϾŵʱҾڽʦļſڣţܿžͱˣʦŸɫıģ洩һɫ̿㣬ŸЬϻŸܴĽ͸ϵҵһ
СˣʦԴ˵ɡ
ҽȥ֮Ϳλʦĸɳأҽȥ֮ɳϣʦһƻʣôûȥС
ûСҡҡͷ¿˷ֿʱ򷴶ӵģԾûȥ
ûȥҲãʡþġʦ˵׼°ɣȻ賿ʮʱǾȥڵظֹۡ
ôˣҳʦʣƽ𣿡
šʦͷôһϣôòһƽУǲûйҰƽסЩصס߸еķͻܶ࣬˳˻ƽбռ˻ȥ
ǸûƽһʱƽЩҲǰˡ̾˿
ʦɳŶȣԼŸƻֽʵʼܿˣʮǵıǲʮûбҲһһЩĹƲ֣ûбѹЩʱ
ΪЩΪʲôкΪʲôΪڣֻҪбоͿ϶ʧأеֻ޺ӲйһҪһ֣ɾˡʦ˸ɳ۾ӣǡúܡ
ҲصģŸƻλʦĸҲֻڿ磬żС˵仰̸һ¡
һʮ㣬ʦ۾վ˵߰ɣȥˡ
˵֮ʦ輸ͳյС͵ƣȻóһֽ˵д
ƣҿյС͵ʣʵù˻Ķ˻ڹʱһյ͵ƣ͵ţܺɵĻյˣôǻĿĵģѹϡ
ȻпܻزˣǸյơʦ͵
ҽӹʦݹֽóдԼ֮ȻͰֽϣȻ͵ѹֽ档
Һʦ֮ҾʦʦҪôȥ
Ҹ˵꣬ͿʦһȭͷҴһȭϣ˲оԴγģͻȻʦָҵĶͷ̫Ͼ뷡
ȻҾԺ˹ȥ

˫ۣ˿Χʱһվſڣǰ벽࣬Դܳ2BʦķȻ
ʦҲԱߣʱʦӷŰۣ׵ģҵθԹԣʦҶʱ˲٣Ҳ֪λʦĸµ֣ôݵֶΡ
ϣˡʦͻȻͲҽһվ
ʦɶаÿιķҳʦʵʦƨķô࣬鷳ֶַΣ򵥣ҾҪ˰ΰѵʱܹһȭʹˣҿ̫ǿϱһٱᣬġʦһƽӡ
ԭʦͻȻһȭͷе㲻ʦҶʱ̹ˣ쳣̹˵ˣǸϽȥˡ
ʦûҵĻһΧܶƶǸոģһʦЦأʦɶŲŪǣġ
ˣǸϽȥ𳵰ɡʦҪߣʦͻȻվסˣʦŤͷңһ˵о𣿡
˵ģȻʦĻ࣬һ̲סЦҪʦ׵ģر˵ʱ򣬱ǿ滹ϵһѪ
ЦƨЦ벽Ҫ£ʦͻȻɫ䣬˫æԴʵȻʦһҶͷϡ
ҰʦһƣԭеججԴͻȻоһĸо۾һԲۣ֮ǰҺʦΧЩ꣬Ȼȫˡ
ʱ벽࿴տյģȻûһֻⲻܣ벽˼굽ظͶ̥ıؾ֮Ｘǹꡣ
ҪǣղҺʦЩô£ֻпǻˣʲôð벽һֻҲûУҺʦ˻


476 
ʦĨӵıѪܳϱԺˣ㻹ƭȥˡ
ηʥ벽ңʦյİ벽û˿
ʦûҮԱ߳ʦ˵
˵ʦһѾСĵ㣬벽ȻʲôĵطҲ˼굽ֻ̨ıؾ֮ظķͣȴ
ˣġͻȻվ߳һɫ۵ĸ̬ˣӣ
Һʦһۣʱ󻹸Ӱ޳޳
ԲۣϰϺڣǸɶأܴӪ˰ɡʦ޳޳ʦͺڰ޳Ĺϵ޳ʦ˵ŰǲǸˣӱ²ǵظͳĵǰҺϺֻΪӱµʧŻʮ£ڱ»ˣҺϺȻЧڱ¡
ҿźڰ޳Ŀɥ˺ڰ޳ĿɥӴ͵ı˲ڹ֮ڶе֣ӵȷ˲
ȥʦһˬĿźڰ޳
ţҪôվߣҪôȥɣⳡսǵıʤе޶صظͳȨʮ϶ǻʧģӱ²ǵظͳĹЧӱµģԼúеϵǡ޳һ˵͡
ӵǲûעʦ۾ʱصĿңʵزװ˭𣿰ҵĻҿԲǰӣͽѹЩ޻֮ұǰ˵ķô
˰죬Ӽ˵ʮͽǿʤңʲôȥЩ޴ĵһֻ벻ĿֲҪǳǵסġ
ҿԱߵʦǲԼģϾӰ̫ˣҲ
ˣϰϺڣҲǲ˽ң׾׾͸ıע߰ɣҾͲֶԸˣ´Ǳǵˣҿ϶ġ
ǰҴԲѵ˵顣ͻȻһ˿ɱ⣬˵ͽƣԭ׼ֱɱǣܽƣұ㲻ɱǣӲס㶮ġ
ƣ̫ˡʦЦһ˵Ǿԡ
ӣԶһ㣬Сıˡʦ˵꣬ҸæܳʮԶ
Ҹվֱ壬ͻȻֳʦһģһɫƳʦؿȥʦóӽὣһ
û뵽ʦȻһƸףԶҲǿʦֱ۾ȻΪ£һ̫˰ɣʦǽһҲ˫ַ
ҴʱҲŽ˿㶵ֱַӣֻҪʦһнӲסƵļƣҾϰӷһȻɵز˵ƴˡ
һˡʦŴ˫ֱĿӣޱ飬ȻĳһƣһƵƱȸղһƵˡ
ٶҲܿ죬ʦӽǰסһʦȻҲֱӷźɳʮףڵϷ˺üȦͣҲһ˿ѪҺ
ʦҿʦӣҪܹȥʦæҡͷʣһơ
һסеӣֻҪ˵һƣҾͺѾƴˡ
û뵽ӾȻһЦȻ˵ӲƣҲӣƽӢۣұǣԺúÿһ֮ǰ޳˵ģңԺҿһԼúÿǰɡ
ߡ˵֮ŤͷͰ޳߽˻վʧˡ
ʦû°ɡܵʦԱߣ˵û뵽Ӻġ
Ϲ롣ʦɫ԰ף˫֮лѪ˿һ۲Ӣۣղ̫ɱңɵزƴȻһ˵ز˵ͻܾˣʱ޺ʮԣʲôˡ
µظƸ鷳ˣһȺ޻ӾȻҲһǱߵġʦ̾˵ҲҺӲǺ֣Ȼĵסˡ
ʦ˵ΪʲôҪʮأʵӺҲӣȻǱ˵㣬޳˵кܶЧӵĲŶԡҳʦ˵


477 
ʦһۣµظΪʲô
˵Ϊ˰ɣΪ˲˼ܵظЩӰ졣
ԡʦͷõİ취ǰʮΪеظĹֶվʮǱߵģڰ޳˵йվǱߣȻûǶĹǼĹһ˵ֻлͳΣڰ޳ĹŻվǱߡ
ȻӾֻظеһ˵ֵ֪ĹҲǴڣ˻Ϊһ翣һֻ˵˱ԼЧҵľ𣿡ʦЦһ£Ǹղ˵ֻΪͶǰˡ
ʦôһҶʱҲˣԭһڴţƣһƭˡ
߰ɡʦɫѿҷʦߵվ֮࣬ȻеĹʧˣ̨֮ڻл𳵵ģҺʦҵһ߽֮࣬ͷʦȻĵһᣬԼ
ʦ㻹Ὺ𳵣Ҹоʦ͸СһûĶ
żѧġʦĵ˵ͷ˵ˣɲн͸Ͻɲܲˣ˯һᣬͽҡ
šϲĿ𳵡
ÿСʱģСѶ뵱ѧңҵȣҺıȽ࣬СʱϲŻУԼ磬Լ趨ˣҪսɳ˿Ů֮ࡣ
ҵԼоͦɵģʱСʱһƬСʱҾ뵱𳵵ģȻſǰһޣȻ𳵵ĳͷͱɻ͹޴ȻҾں͡
ڻ𳵵ļʻλϣԼСʱ룬ҲǸоͦЦġ
һֱûʲôνĹޣҲȫŨʲô
ҴʱҲûдֱֻ֪ʱ˶ãоĻˡ
տʼеʾʾһҾ͸оģһֱڼʻϣ𳵺¡¡ܣҶӾƣˣҸоЩ𳵵ʦҲͦģ̫˵㣬֪ôʱġ
Īʦˣһֱ˯һ֪ˣڼҲ˯Ҫ˯û˿ţһͻȻָ޾Σˡ
ʦôصˣιȥ˻˯ȥҶָ֪ͻȻǲܵģҶԼҲ˽úܣֻҪ۾һգǴ׻ֻ꣬ҪҲ𴲣Ҷ
òǰǳһģӰӣڵˣ
ڻ𳵿̨ʱҾͰɲҲǻͣ
ʦˣǵˡʦ£ʦͻȻ˫ۣ˫ȫѪ˿ʦڵһվǺ죬Ȼ۵һ³һ̯ںɫѪ
³ЩѪ֮ʦ˿źЩ
𣿡ʦģҵͷţˡ
߰ɣǰ벽ൽǳʲôȻҶûнӵ벽Ϣʦ˵˳ȥæȥߡ
е̨ҲǿտյģûгͣһظġʿרŽһЩظݵˡ
ʱȴûˣ̨ѾˣʱޣЩ˲ҪȻǲеġ
Һʦ˰Сʱ߽Уʦ˵ɶһҡҡͷ˵һȥɡ
˵ʦ·˸ʿʱѾеıԵˣѾܿܶˡ
ҺʦϳԺʦͳǰĳ⳵ʦ˵ĵ¥
ˣʼʱʦӦòҹȥǺ֪ʲôԭ򣬻׼Ҹһȥ
Ҳ²һ£ʼʦ֪һЩܵɣ֪ܶԼкôģʦıΪҪΪزˣҲӦ֪ܶˡ
⳵¥ſڣ¥ʮ¥ܸߵһ¥ʱװĹġ
ʦ³Ժֱߣæ¥˿ʦһϲĳʦкʶʦһ
ʦҲֻǳЦЦȻ߽˵ݣֱӵ˵ʮ¥
һ߳ݣһܴİ칫ңشңкԶĵط칫ܴ󣬰칤һˣǵҿǸ
ʱûдۣǴһװͦҵӢʱüǽˣҲֻ̧ͷһۣȻͷļ


478 ̨
ιļˣ顣ʦɫ԰׵ɳϣҲʦԱߡ
ǰ벽ô£ôһֻûˣʦʡ
ԭڵͷļһʦĻԴһӾ̧˫ֱĿʦʣô֪벽ʲôˣ
סʦɻĿôģҲ֪
ʮǰԭһֱֻ̨͹ֵİ벽ͻȻûСʱǱҲϾ͹֣ȻҾ˺ܶĹȥǶʧˣɺڰ޳ȥҲѶȫޡʣղᵽ벽ӣ֪Ǳ߳ʲô𣿡
֪һɡʦ˵ͷȻͰڰ벽ӵ
ʲôģڰ޳ˣɫúѿüͷ̾˵벽ʱҪģʱѾ߸һֲʤҲɱģ߸һ뿪Щޱٽòʧˡ
һ¡ʦü˵벽һֱô˼˱㲻µظͶ̥ö֮ĹԽԽ࣬µġ
š˵ͷ˵ҲףǺܱģԸӣ޾ͻٽԸЩޣӻڱл
ֻˣǣܼвСε˵
ҿεģоظĹʵҲͦෳյģҲô򵥣ͻȻһ飬վ˵£һ㡣
»ԣǵزתôʲôֱӷԸǡ̬Ҳͦõġ
һԪ쵽ˣϣܰæϸʣꡣҹ˹˵ģԺʲôԸ㾡ܸҾǡ
ɫǸÿˣ˵»԰Ҳæϸûʲô
㹴һʾܾģ˼ֳ£˵ӦμǲС˵Ķɡ͵
ԣţҲһߵĿˣҲʮܲ˵Ǽٵİɡﲻʵ˵粻٣ǾͿˡ
𼱣ֻ˵ûû˵ٵķЦǺǵ˵ʵǵظôһٵطǾԸ߶ȻܣʮҲӺ͵ز֪ϴҷԸ޳ȥġ
ʲô취Ҽеʡ
˵Ȼȷϵĸϸήʵһԭ
һϱ飬ͻⱲӵһЩ飬ϱһˣ˺֮ܶ£ⱲӾͻͥ꣬ϱǶˣҵظܹ֮תͶ̥̥ãͶ̥±ҲעһؤԪ̡
һ˵һ˵Ƕģܸģҵظһ̨ĵط̨֮˵
̨𣿡ʦʣȥΣܿԼ֮⣬ûЧ
̨ûκ֪һЦԵ˵ӳ
ɶʦڵһ¾վ˵ܣ˻ܸģֻأ綨ܸġ
˵Ļǿ϶ţǾ͸ɡ˵˵žǰ棬Һʦһۣʦ˵ɶȥ
Ͻȥ¥ĳӵ̨̨һСɽԱߵϡ
طһǧǰʵǷֻ̨Ǳߵģȥ˻磬Ą̊́Ĵһ챻˷ˣǾͲˣǱ̨Ƶ̨Ҳһξڡָ̨͵
˵̨ٵ鵽ô£ʦʡ
ʵ٣̨ںܾǰټʱܶŴһ죬ʮʱҲУǵʱΪֻŪһ꿴Լ˵ĶǴ쳣ܶ෱Ķʮ˴ӣżȻӵزŵ̨֪ܡÿһ˶ģҲ⣬ʱҪ̨ԼȻûܳɹ
ţôһأʦԱʡ


479 
ʵͦģͺñĳһ˶ʮ꣬ô͵ֵ̨סʮܶʮ꣬һȽĹʱ֮УҽԺ棬ÿ춼جΣεֲµĶֻҪ߶һ죬ͻһӡԱ̸ЦĽ͵
źҲǺѰ߶һ£جô˭ûجΰͻȻͿ˵ҪҪԣ
ţҵҪ⵽жҵ˵ͷֻЦǺǵĿңȻһӣ̨ϷʱǷ֣ǵɳ̲ء
ɣһӰɡ˵˫ǰһΣҸо۾ͦģȻֿɡ

ʲôطҿŻ澹ȻһŮӣǣ㣬ʱװԣСٻ
ʱ㡯˫ۿʣУ˵ϲңǲģ
Һ˵ϲģȴ˵ǳС㰲Ͷ̥ɣҪЩǷˡ
š㡯һУɢӫ⣬ȻһһɢȻ֪ǺܾǰСٻɳ飬ҵﻹǺܾĵۡ
סҵؿڣʹĴ

һ˫ۣŴǰһЦпҵ
ô˵ֵʲô˰ɣʲôоʡ
ұ۾˵Ψʹ֣Բ
ֻһӣһ˶ʮ꣬Ҫһʹ༸ʮ꣬˵㣬һֻʮʹ࣬˼ʮԪ𣿡ʡ
ʦʱҲԱңɶˣ
һЩĵ顣̾˿ˣҲˣֵһ֪꣬Լһ꣬Ҳûڵġ
׾Ͷˡҵļ
ҴʱһǸղʵĻ滹Ժвϸ֣һҴӦҪ취ٵģڿǲʵˡ
̫ˣȻҶ취Լһʹʮ꣬ʵ̫ʹˡ
˵УԼɣ黹кܶ࣬׾ţһһ¶Բߣڵľƺֹܲ۰
ţõı¡ʦ˵ͷȻת뿪
뿪֮Ҿͳʦ˵ʦɶʱɣʮһʮʹ࣬ǡ
ʦ΢ԥƬ̣˵ͷ˵ԣڲУǽ˵ظ֮˵ɣȻѾռˣͷҪвУȻܡ
ҵ˵ͷ
Ҹʦ߻סһʱ䵹ʱҲǿʼȫǷÿ춼ܽӵĳֳϮˣֿЩ֮о޴޵Ӱι
ܿʱ͹ȥ죬ʦһҲˣʦȥԲߵӣʦһľܵҴ߰
ʦǽȥᣬҸɶҲˬ˵˯ʱ˸ѡ
Ѿǵز㣬˵ܳһأȥҴҲУȥʦֵú֣ǵȥһ
ʦҴһװ֮ȻʦҾ˸¥ȥ
¥Һʦ˵ݣҿŵ沢ûˣҾͳʦңʦΪɶǵҪء
ҿɲΪʦһ˲棬顣
ʦһۣʱȡķˡ
ҵķֵʡ
ţҪɵزǳΪز֮أ˵Ǻʮһظ˵ˣ̣㲻զҪҪɡʦ˵һֱԳ»Եݣҳһ²ؼ߸߹ģһн̵ֵʱֲöġ
ô˵øֵһءʼ
ʦ˵ⱾẠ̊́Ҳ㣬һɵӣҪ֪ǵزת
ʦʵҲΪҺðɣȻЩ˼ܸое۲Ƭ˵ĸоʮɺˣȻʵҲࡣ
Һʦ¥֮⣬ɳϺ̸Цء
ôֻǻоŸ𣿡ҳʦСʡ
û˱Ȼûʸμ顣ʦһЦ


480 
ҿ߸ˣѵʮһüǧ꣬ѵûи𣿾Ϊλû˱㲻
ʦԿңɶ˵ʵҲ⼸λ飬λû˱˵֮ǣԼǵıǱǾ飬ǰ棬Ǹã
ʦĻʱҲоʦĻͦԵģλҲ˲٣˻ǹʧ֣ȻλûʧȥһҸ߿һۡ
ҲûҺʦĶԻ칫ҾôطλʵҲǳ϶ģû˵ʲôָλܵһعεߵ̩ɽ˵
ʧȥĵŵƽʮתԺָ˵ǳ»ԣزת
λҲ֪ˣֻǿĽһ¶ѣһҵ˵ͷ˵λεʣȻǵزݣΪʲô¶Ȼֻһһ
Ȼҵԭڻʱ򡣡ʦ֮ǰ˵ЩȻоеǹװһصӡ
λȻ˶ˣǾһ£ҪôԸЩ޺ӣкһ£˶ɳϣһλ㿪ڵֱӺ޿սȻǵĴУǲôҲˣЩ޿࣬ҽޣȻ취ӡ
һԵĶҡͷֲǲ֪ǺӽµĴ𣬶ôɾֻеޣԼ£ܻЩޣǼȫˣǻɢҲǺ飬õ㣬ֻ֮ǽʲôӶ
һ˵⣬е˶û˵ʦԱߵιҵֱ֧ͦ뷨ӲôǱϾǵظˣ˵׵㣬λɱǵظҲģܱȱЩռ죬˼˲ֻͶ̥ĺá
⡣˵׾ţ˵˽ģǼмΪ˱ǾӪǧĵظǻɢļλüͷҲһ£ɱǧ꾭Ӫĵظ֮ǲġ
ĻҲǵͷʦҲ̾˿˵Ҳֲǣÿ˶ԼֵĶǼǧĵظңҲһ
ͺá˵ͷ˵˽֣֪ˡ
ƸۡͻȻͻ˵ѵûӺЩ޵Ĺϵ˵Щ޺ΪУȻгԽսһе޶ʱӺеֻս𣿡
˵򵥰ˡҡͷӵʵΪһʵû̵ͳεظʮ˼ļıûӱһǶı
ȻǶӺܾ£¶гˣ˵ʵӵľ¡
ǶıҪ졣ԱߵĳҲվͬĵͷ
ôͲƵһϰʦһ޺취һսɣظĹܲ˰ɣ
ǲ̫ѡͷȻ̼ߣҲǸ߰ˣǸսĻ϶
Ǿôɣ丹ܵУֱԼ˭Ӯ˭䣬һʤʦЦ˵
һӮϵظδ᲻̫ˣԱߵʦʡ
׾˵ĶԡʵظѾѵľ磬һֱ֣齻ɣһº취սĵص㶨Ȼ󣬱Ǿظ˵һս
˵⣬ҲǿһĺΪ˱ظҲԸһ㡣
ʵҲǵģһػǧ꣬вϵô򵥣ͺñһ꣬оⶫԼҪοΪ˵ظػǧꡣ
ȻǶͳȨֶβʣǵظǵͳ֮ȷʵԽԽá
ǺãˣΪظһսһŬɣʦһЦվ


481 µ
˵֮Ǳ㿪ʼʲô취ϵӣҶЩҲû˿ȤҾ˵˵ɣȻؼϢᡣ
ǲûңֻǵͷͬ⣬һϵݣ߳¥
ظûкҹҹֵ֮ģҹ㲻˯Ҳûʲô飬ϵͦģȥ¥պһ쳣Ľֵ
ظǲ˵ģй귭˴Ҳֻأ긴һĹӣЩζԵظĿر𷱻仹Ҫöࡣ
ͺñ󣬱Եظ֣ϵKTVϷǣ£߽һϷǣϷǺܴ󣬴ٵƽϷһɡ
Ҹǰ̨ȥأͻȻҾͿһ˴ߡ
ǵҼǸˣһæվס
ԭͷߣҵĺˢһ̧ͷңȻתȻܣʱҾܽˣͳȥ
һץס֣Ȼס˿ѵĻᡣ
㵽˭ΪʲôҼأʲôĿ۾ʱ˵Ҳһָţʲôӡ
֪˭𣿡ͻȻʵܲɣе˻ơ
Ͻ˵ҡüͷԼԤУ˻кܴϵӵʱҾԤˡ
˭ҽгµˣ˻ش
µˣ
ҳɻᣬᣬģȵĿǰĺˣµˣô᲻֪ÿ㣬ĸܻһгµ˵Ĺǰһᣬĸ׸ңҵĸס
ͬԭ𣿲ᣬֻͬǰгµ˵ĺôܵҼػƣ
㵽׺ʲôϵüǰˡûץס֣¿֣üǰ70%Ƴ̶ȣȻѾˣɫ˺ۣȻ
˳˵ȻѾµˣʲôʵģҾ㸸ס
һ꣬һȭȥϣҲû뵽һͻȻһӱҴڵϣ鵹ǺܵȻ
үģѾȥˣһ˰Ҵ󣿡ҷŭĿ
һǵ赱ʱСʱ賿ҪղˣȻŲ˲СʱߵȥˣһŮˣÿߵϰ࣬ϰ˾ŵӲ°࣬Ŀ࣬ȫǰԳҸ׵ļһġ
Ҫˣɶ˵Ȼţӻû󣬻װɶˡ
пԡһ黹Ǻƽ
ԣ֪ô֪жпΣʲôʮ겻ģһ⻰ˣؿھһŴȥ
һ̧־͵סһţӴӣղһȭҶԲĸŮҵȷԼԭҲãҲգҲΪжԲʲôˡ
˿һүġ
ˣ÷ˣ·վ֪ԭ͸֪ˡ˵һǰߡ
ʹԼƽһ飬룬ǸȥҵҪҪʲôɡ
û߶þͽһ¥Ȼһ䣬䲢ֻжʮƽϾˣظĳоôʮطסĹֶ࣬Ǵ𣬶һΪбݵظס˺ܶࡣ
ɡָĴ˵
ˣֱ˵ɡҾվſڿ
һƨĴϣ˸̳˵֪Ǽ˶ܰɣ
֪Ѿ취ˡҵͷ
ʱʱѾʮ꣬ѾԶˣҵ֮ȥѰøҽʦҪѰҰ취ȴûҵʧ֮Ҳһȥĸף˳ɶץҲû۵°ɡ
Ȼһ¹ɽĵط˹£ҹȥ֮һֻɵĴлüϹ֣ҵʱ򲻹뷴ҲˣЩֶΰӡ
ͷһǸӡüϹֵȻҸģȻҲ˵š
νƱж񱨰ɣʱڳɶ˲֮£ڷӡüϹ֮Ȼһ˾ңֶͨ죬ȻһȻұһֱ£֪ĸѾΪˣ˺ܶңٳߣǴ¡


482 
ֶͨˣüͷʣ˭Ȼ١
٣Ϊֱ䣬ҵʱȻͻüϹִսˣǲµ˽һ˵ľ
Ǹ˭ѯʵ
ӱ¡µһ˵꣬Ҿ;ĿȻҸףǲûʲôǵһμ棬ûκεĸǰµģ˵ץסҴȥ
µ˿ҾӣһЦʳӣȻӱµңΪǣ㡣
ǣңɻһ£˲ˣ֪ǵزתڵزת֮ǰ֪ˣҸ׾ΪԺǣң˵ûиǱϾҸףȻղһ٣Ҫɱҿ϶ԥĵǰ档
ŨѪԶġ
ӣӱµļƻǺܳɹġµ˿ЦĿҡ
û£ھ͸ңǲǸùʲô䣿Ǹ˱ǡ˵תҪߡ
ûУӱ֮ʣǶдǲܱġµҡͷ壬ԭ򡣡
ţüͷһ
㲻ˣ֪ұӱ¾µʱѾΪ˶ԸȥģһֱؼңҲһԭи飬סжһ죬ҪԥֱɱңµĿ˵
𣿡ҿЦһ£ʮˣɱ²֣ȻҴûкйκνӴУǣҿ϶²֡
Ҫҡµ̾ҡ
ӣú̾˿ӾȻӶʮǰ㿪ʼңѹ˵ǼһǶı
Ϊ֮ɣټһǵˣһᾡɱġ˵߳ӣ߳˴ãѹ֣ҵ쳣ѹ֣ò׼ʮûĸףǵָоܳ
ﵹҲرµ˵ģ˵ģɼµ˻ΪǣƲźҶġ
Ȼµ˺ɵȴ˼֣һڳˣԼĳŵԼ׶ΪУʵγһı֣
ҲԸҸһˣΪУҲվߡ
߻ʱʦҲѾˣһʣȥˣˣѾʼ취ϵˣƻûдĻһº󣬱ƽпʼһս
Ǳأʵ
ʱҸ׵һʦһҴʱԼҲ飬ǣʦҲް취粻˵
ǱҲϵЩ޻᲻Ӧս㲻ˡʦҵļ򣺡ʱúõϢһ°ɡ
šҵ˵ͷʦ˼ǳսҿ϶ǻɵزģڱɵز֮ô˭Ҳ֪
߻ԼˣãȻĿ컨壬֪ʱʼһϰߵĿ컨壬ĵʱʱ㯵ʱ
ˣܶһЦͿԹȥģվߵǰЦһ£ҿžԼųª͸һףڱǹŶԡ
ʱһĹȥҾͰԼС棬ȥÿ˯˾Ϳ컨壬˾˯
뷲㣬뿴˵ʱ顣
ǲˣұɵز֮󣬻ͻôһ˴ڡ
Լȥ˰£ʦȻ߽ҵķ䣬ҶûгȥҲû˽
ɶءʦЦǺǵԱߡ
̫࣬ҵúܡҴ
ºɣʦЦ˵ʵô£ĵ̫ˣоԼǰһƬΪûвɾ۾ʲôҪ룬ԽԽҲһɵز֮ͻ鰡
ϣɡҵ˵ͷºа𣿡
ʦ˵е޺ֻõظĴ֮ѹڴ֮߼⣬˵ʵڵĻȻʮʤʤС෴ֻңǱռɣֻռɡ
սֻ֮Ҫ޷ʤˣȻʮʤǼ㲻УӻʤҲĴ㣬޷ռظȻĻȫң˼䣬󻼡ʦ
ҵͷ˵ţ龡ǡ
ʲôҪƴȫʦЦǺǵ˵


483 ɫĺ
İ¹ȥҲܿ죬תۼ˿Ҫսǰ
һظҪӭսϢҲǴ˳ȥϢղˣϾҪйģؼ֮ͻԼѣһʮʮ٣Ȼ˶֪ˡ
ҲԽԽأļ϶ѾѼˡ
վԼĴڣ̵ֵ龰
ɶأһͷ磬Цһ£ûɶ
û磬Ҳܰ٣ڸϢֱ֮Ӿһˡ
뷲ɣٺ٣СӣúñɵزŪЩһһڱ͵ġԱСȭͷҼʹ
˵ʵһ顣
ɶ£˵Ĳ㣬ֻҪ˵
еһ档ҿ˵
һ¾͸ʦʱ˵쳣ڣڵΪʲôȥһˣ˹;ټȴҲûлˡ
⡭üͷڷתȦеѰ찡
Ҿ֪̾˿
𰡣⸱˥˵ģȥ׾Ǽһʲô취û
Ҹһȥˣʱļ쳣֣ܶҵĿء
ҲÿҴסЩˣЩ˴һЩʦʶڴսʦңЩǰҡ
ȻˣЩ˼ʦƶɱģΪȡӱزʱ䣬ҲѾ㹻ˡ
׾ţˣզ졣ֵ˳ȥʦʦʹĳԴһ£ЦûûСģʦ
ŶŶǻ˼뷲ˣզ죿ʦʣҲһڴĿʦʦȴһĳ˵ںú׼ĴսˣСѾˣ㵱ʱԼȥںкã
һʦĻ֪ûϷˣ̾˿ͷ˵ðɡ
ҳȥ߻ᡣߣʦͺԼСĵ㣡Զˣ
֪ˣ¡˵ʹȥˡ
һʣӣҪȥİ
ȥɢɢİɡڴһˣһֱûţھ浽ߡ
Ҵĵ˸ʿȻظ
ʦظʲôĵطǰǿʦʵ
ĵطɶˣֵط⼸԰˲࣬ܶĹƻˡǰǳ⳵ʦش
ֵܸյظĵطˡЦе˵
ϡ˾˵ͷȻų⿪ȥˣһüͷ⣿
Աһ˳磬ұû˵Ӧòʲôɣ
ʱĳȫŨڳֻܿʮԶĵط⳵˾úܿ죬ͻȻое죺ͣ
ǰǳ⳵ʦûдңͣ
ҳȥʹİɲûã⳵ӻڿǰǸ⳵˾ȻҲˣȻԼǰ濪š
ҺʹҪţžȻˣȥˡ
ô죿翴ʡ
ҡҡͷ֪°ɡ
ֿ˶ʮӣŻͣҺһͣһţȻˣҺæ³
һ³ҶʱоΧºܵͣҴ˸ⲢΧΣյĺ⡣
ʱܶŨҲʲôͻȻĳԼҺ˳ųƵķȥ

һƬ
ظ澹Ȼкôû˵ʱΪƹԭҺſǰкҺС߿˹ȥ
ﾹȻһɳ̲һĵطϵ˳
ʲôΪʲôˮɫīɫֵʡ
֪û˵ظкһԵ
ͻȻһǵӵӺϣԶĵطƮǴ쳣ˣѹ֣׸Ҫһ㡣
еӵҳԱߵһãȻҡͷ˵ʲô㲻ŵóֻ˰ɣ
ⲻǻұ۾ϸ׸ܰԹҪ˵һʲôһ㡣
˭˭ڽң˭Ҫʲôҿź濪ˣ֪ӵ˵Ļ
شң˭ңΪʲôҵҳƬ


484 ֮
˭𣿡ͻȻϳһɫӰӣӰӿӴޱȣʮףҲʮףǸȻ
ҳ֮ʱ֮Ӱӻش˻ơ
ʣΪʲôҪҪ˱˵ĵ
زʼɻɻΪʲôҵԣɻҵΪھͿԸ𰸣Ҫ𣿡˵
ǰоŨŨı֮飬ұ˵
Ҹղŵ𣿡˵
һ㣬ֻ֪ġ
֪Ϊ𣿡ʵ
֪ҡͷ
Ϲ֮ʱұҵһֱһк˳磬һħҪռǵļ԰֪𣿵ظԭûкģһƬ֮ȫҵѪҺʶɡ
ʤˣԭ磬ʼԽԽ꣬ĵλԽԽѹȣЩеһЩԳνɵļһʼɱΪ֣Լ棬˵Ĺװһȱĳתǵ磬ıɱ
˭Щ޵죿ҿȻղĻٻе̼ҵģȻȷΪֻ֮ǵظʵԭЩ޵磬ռǵأǿһ
ЩеУֻزǾĴȱ֮ģ˫۱ɱΣ˶ƭ㣬ࡣȻ˵꣬һĵĵִ˳
Ҳ֪˵ʲôֻгȻķһҲ֪˵ˣղ棬ôֻܸ˵Ǹ
ز㲻ܴ壬Ҳ㣬෴ȴ࣬Һ壬֮ǰµزҽֻ㿴֮˵ѪҺγɵĺ֪ж𡣡ȻУҲ⿪ʼ˿˿ķŭ
ҿޱ߼ʵĺ󣬺ĺˮϴϺ̲˳ЩѪҺһ򵥵֡
Բ𣬲Ȼ֪أԲ壬Ȼ飬飬ôһĻû˵ظֻת˼ҲҼᶨ˵
ҽղҪЭֻࡣȻ￪ڵ
ʲôࣿʡ
ʷûʲôνĺģʷʼ֮ʱ֮ǰЩν񻰹£սۣ޷ǾظĴսıɣô࣬𣿡Ȼ
ˡҵȻֻôһĻôȸˣսϣȻ顣
زȻôҪߣôҾͲһˣ֪֪ܵʱα飬ҺڴȻ˵֮ӱŨȥǹɱ˵ĵִ˳Ϥ
еһܵʲôܣΪλ˵Ϥ
ʹ룬ͻȻԴһۣ۵亹ˣʹסԼԴ˵йأǾʲôϵҾȻ벻ˣܺҪ
ˣԴ̫ˣʹԴԼʲôҲ룬ģԴ˺ܶ࣬Ĳˣ۾ſһԱʣιСӣû°ɣ
û¡˵㿴˰ɣ
šü˵ͷǼһӦرŶԡ
˵Ұһۣʣ˵еǸܻʲôأ
֪ӦúҪŶԡü˵
ҵ˵ͷ
ˣϳȻȥɣһеȵĴսȻͻϳӣʱǸ˾ѾһȻĿΧŨʣʲôطôô
档ҿڵ
档˾һһ˹ȥȥӵιȥô
̧Ȼ翪ȥˣϣҺҲһ£쿴Ȼ鲻ʦҪʦģ翪ӵٶȻͦģܿͻصС
¥£˸䣬ѳͣ˽ȥȻܻ棬ûţʦһˡ
Һ߽ȥ֮Ŀⶼʦʲôطȥˣˣ


485 һսһ
ˣʲô£һ£Һȥôһᣬͳˣ
ععһϮˣıҲ˶ˡʦ
ʲôҾعлع
ûʦ̾عеľѾʼתƣսҪϽˣȻԽϣλᱻһơ
׼ô죿ʡ
˵Ŀⶼʦʦü˵ѾˣȥƽУӴʱļʵѾһˣʱսɵزЩޣҺйӣȡ̵ʱ֮ڻɱӣȻʮ֣ͿԻ塣
ʦ˵֮󣬾ʹ󲽵߳⡣
ǸϽȥʱ¥µһϣȫǽγһֶǣ϶ˣЩ˼ٶˣȫǵظĹæ
Һһû˵ĳҲǵĳ
ʦûкһԸ飬ܿӾͿˣƺƵĳӣɱʼȥƽеʱöࡣ
ӿûãͿŨ֮еƽУƽŨ֮УȻһ㣬
˽ƽеļϣϢ
ڵĶԽʦгƽеĿȥ
ƽеĺܴ󣬱Ĵö࣬򳡣ǳͣ·ϣȻ߽ġ
ٶˣƺƵ߽֮ڣȻٶˣ˿ӵ
Ƕӳĺ񣬿ʼĴ
ҿʦԶָӴأ߹ȥʦʣʦ˰ŵݸɶ
ȰŰɣе˵ΪĿսʦһϽĵô˴ǴˣͨĴǲһģһݵأ̷㲻ġ
ˣʦǰ𣬴ʲôܾͨġ
֮󣬻󷨵Ķʼ󡣡ʦȺܴ˶ˣȻ߳ٶˣҲУʦٶߵݵ濪ʼ
ҲҲûȥ
Һ̣ҲԽԽܿǧˣȻӵݵĹ̨λܶ˶ܵλȥϢˡ
ιι𣿡ͻȻڵȴң
սǾظδһսһս˴սɢߣõĴμӴսߣ˻õظסȨ
սδʤҹĳŵ㲻˵ˣλҲ֪սҪԣϣҾȫս
һֱڹ㲥˵Ƶ磬ģЩһѪȵģʱΪظһ㡣
ЩȻʵǿ˶лӴģǵĿУʮǸ߸ϵĴڣͺñ쵼ǰ˵һ˵Ѫڡ
ʱҲѾɣһΧγɵ󷨣ɶҲ֪Ҳ˵ֻԺʦָ
Ǿסÿһ˯ҪôǺǶҪôĵĶ¥ңԶ
ʱһζ֮սҪ١
ԭݻЦģǽ죬նܳĬû˴֣ΪҶ֪ս٣˭Ҳ֪Լ᲻ɢ
ɢľһʧûЦóǰʿҲȻ޴档
ݵĶ¥ʱݵ¥ϵһȦѾйʼأݵĴźΧҲ˹ʼѲˡ
սʼ֮ҵĹǱΪزǣֻޣΪȡʱ䡣
ôԱߵʵ˵ŵ˸̹
ʲôôҷʵ
Ȼսʼˣͱɵزˣûɶ𣿡Цʡ
ɶ룿ϣ塣˿ԶͻȻԶɵУһӰһʮڵ㡣
㣬ףڣһָ߼ޣϹ֮ʱиƣڡ
ʮֻĳֱԤһսʼ
ע⣬Ϸг񣬷ղ׼ҪЩӿϮע⣬СĽ䱸ʱޣⲻϰ


486 һս
ĳ֣еĹ㿪ʼ׼վ¥ϵıǷղԤЩ޴ϿչҿΧĹʼˡ
翿һЩڲһС䣬Сǰڲĳ쵼İ칫˾ɣҿž龰ֻ޴޳֣ұ㻯ز
ˢ
ʮֱֻӳʮֻһÿһֻצֱӴ˹ؿڣЩκζֱӻɢʼɢ
治Ϲ֮ʱý֮ޣֲ̫ˣҿʮֻһֱӾʹʮӦ
ЩԱߵ˿ĭҽˣҪȻЩɱҵĻ׶༪ٰ
𣡡
ͻȻݵԶһֻȻĽȻûֻӴ޵ʵǽµĵҲʼ汻Щ޵ĽŲøһ㡣
УЩʼڶֵĸ壬һ˶ûԤ˶׼ֻ˶ʮˣһõɱʮֻ
ҿ龰ЩӦܵסæܵһڣŸղ֮ķ
һʮ׵ľ޴ʱƶֻ޾Ȼֻһֻţţȴûнǣһֱ硣
Ҳţǹʱޣʱڶɽ״ţȫǻɫģûгǣֻһֻţĺһഫƵ۵õޣƤƳɹĲ޵Ĺ鳣ûģ쳹֮⣬¡
ҿȻϹޣҲǶȻĻ˼֣й֮ʱĹ£ѵǵظǰĹĵġɱ
洫˵ĺĹţȥֻ羹Ȼ׺ޱȣһ̤ʮĹײг̶ȣȻʮֻҪȻ
ԭһоǧ˵ĹӦ㹻⿴ޱȥ˽ϰٵĹ˵滹жٵޣȫ
Щʵ˾Ȼ֪ʱЩôѹޡ
ͻȻɵվȻһƬɫƣ͸С͵һ㣬һըһ׿ĴӣҲɢ
ʲôޣ㣡ͻȻ˿УϵƷȥ
ҿ˳ȥüͷԭƻһڱñʵԸӲУû뵽ھͳˣҲǣȫǳϣû뵽Щ޻ôסˡ
ɵУ֮ڣͻȻ֮ڱ㴫һ

еһҿУδ֪ףڣнɫƬϣȫйŴ˵е
üͷҲǹʱܳһֻޣû뵽Ȼ˷ˡ
ʱҲ˳ȥֻţǶȻ·磬ֻţһ𣬱һ˰ĳɨЩɨֱӱˣֱӾͻɢֱǿֲ֮
Ƚϲѹֻ֮Уʱʹ
ȥаӻûǱˡü
˵ͷҲû취飬Ҫһֱ֣ѵЩɱЩҲ֮һǿϧ
ȻףƲ˵ţӣֻһӣֻҪӷŵһұܱɵز˰ɣ
Ҳţ˳ҵޣªħЩ߼ޣ࣬ҲкܶĵͼޣƺƵģЩţϻµԹȴִ򲻹һ󲨵ĵͼ޳֣һҲǴһȥ
ղŵɱѾЩŭ𣬸ղ֮ǵѣǺԼûأͻȻôˣҲЩĻԹʱ˿Ĳ
ʦԼЩүûг֣֪ʲôطţٳսһȻӳֵʱǾûа취ˡ
ͻȻҸоһļ£ҿϷңԶʡ
ˡ
Աߵʣ˭ˣ
ֻ޵䡣ҧҧԼӣȻ߳Сӣߵ¥ϵƽ̨
𣡡
һĺ֣ɺԹԼɱ⣬ɺһ˵ƺ񶼱ڸȥ


487 һս
ҿԶֻ߽ľޣֻȻʵŨ֮Уֻһŵڿÿһֻ£涼һ
ӡŤͷң˫ֱĿ磺ʱ䵽ˡ
㻹ǵ𣿻ӣʡ
Ȼƽʱ綼ЦģҲνӣʱʱҲʼ
ᣬңһᡣҿ磬ʹıסֻٵĺƿҿȦѾʼ
ӣҪңôֵܣܳ羹Ȼƿ
վڿտƽ̨ϣ֪ΪΣһ΢紵ҵͷ½ǣӣӾȻҲɢһɫķ⣬ѾеҪҷһ
ͻȻķ㣬һûܼһ棬Ҹоұһᣬ۾Ҳᡣ
Һˡҿŵظɵ죬˿ʼûܼһ棬㣬Բһ㣬Ȼ֪仰һǵø㣬Ұ㡣
塣þȫе޴
Ȼʹİֵֵʹĳײһ
ͻȻϻɵճһɫ⣬ҫҵϣһˡ
дһ
죬֮͸ԱСҵزǧǰѹظǹңҲ˼Į˼ϲŭ֣ұã䣬˼
ҲҵȷΪɱΪһ˽Ҳȥ飬Ҳظ磬Ϊհգһ˿ʣÿ̫ģ̫ҫأظ֮е̫еɱ¾ڵɵǵظй꣬ɢ֮ʱµԹ
Ҫظһ⣬գһ⣬ֻһ룬ҲԸظգϣĹ⣡
Զȫ֣ͣ˫ֺʮһŵĿǵ⣬⡣
еҲͣɱֵĿǵ⡣
еĹ̵ӭزطݣ
ӷ𣡡һ꣬ͻȻԴγ
ҪҪΪزʧȥ

ۡ
СׯӭһĿһС
峤ϲ
˿ʼǱΪ峤ȴһǳ˳ȥ
ô磿Сʦ˵ѣС
Сʣĸˣд峤һĵȻǻǴӴ֮ˣȻأɡ

һɫ֮ڣСĿ֮طأûñ㾪һ䣬һҵ޵Ĳ䣬ֻӴϮ֣׼ɱӤ
ֻ֮ڵһڣӤӤͨѩףɰֻ֮צҪɱӤ֮ʱһֻĸҵ޷һԱߵֻҵֻҵ޾Ȼû֡
ֻĸҵſѪڣӤȴû̵Сĵİֻҵ޵ͷ˲䡣

Ӥת۱㵽꣬Ӥ˵ֻ˵ȻӤȴ֫ŵߣҵ޲ҲȸɰӤԡ
ӤҲΪԼ࣬ΪԼҵޡ
ڵҲϲӤȻ࣬ȴɰúܡ
ڲֹӤ࣬һӤһ𳤴ޣ״ң絤Ŀ
С鼫ãСһ𳤴˳һЩ˵ԶһֽĿֲţ˺棬һȡһ֡
ԥӤһ֮ڱֵģȡΪزأֻȡΪ
ս󣬵زصûб仯ȴһһյı󣬵زҲԼڵеظĵطҵ޵Ĳ䡣
֪ǵʦԢ׼ȷΣزʼոҵ޲١
һγʱһֺԼüƵĶزغ棬ȥ˵ǵԼЩԼúԼһģһȴ׺ݵİԼץһİĲ䣬˺Լͬһزʼ棬ȴЩ˹ؽ档
죬洫˴ҵΪ˵ز㳲Ĳ䣬Ĳ䲢ʲô䣬׵ıҵ޲𣬱ҵ޲֮󣬵زر˲䣬Ϊ⣬˸ֻ


488 һսģ
زػص֮Լġ衯ץԼʲô衯Ǿ׼ˡ
Ӳ֪ĵطͻȻ磬ʼռ磬ѹ壬ɱԴĵ翪ʼ
زصʱ㷢ģԺһҪ䣬ʲô䣬ҧǡ
ǵزû뵽һ֮졣
󣬡ҵңȥҾǿԣҶŶ

زڲʮĴ׽ԲصʱʮĲ䣬һɱ
֮ʱ侹Ȼһҵ޵ʬ塣
زؿƽʱԻԼԼĸ׵Ѫ֮УԺһƬհףʱΧס
Щ˶ֵĿԼԣȻһɱ㿪ʼˡ
زشӲ֪ôҪɱԼȴƽʱԼˣʱôɣȻɱ¾Щаࡣ
زҲȥһ˾ҧ˺Ȼɱеࡣ
ɱ֮ʱȴԹ˵زأΪزأе˶ˣΪǵزȡʱߵزأҲҪ֣Ҫɱ࣬е࣡
һȥɱࡣزػػ
һ飬㣬Ϊ࣬㺦ǡԹ޵ĿŵزأŤͷߡ
زҪסȴ֪οڣıӰزҲ뿪˲䡣

ļӿҵԺ֮УԴۣͻȻôļ䣬ҵͷ۵ܲˣǴ뿪˼زһֱޣΪԴ˼
ز뿪ҪΪɱĿŬȴһ·Ͽ̫Ѫȣ̫ɱģزһһĳΪز
ЩԺ֮к˫һ˹ȥŬ۾ЩˣЩȻսĹԶӴӰ
ҴŴ
Ҵˣҵ͵زбϵ𣬵زĴȱԭĻ£ͯȺжȹȻߣȺһģȺĴսҲһ뷨
վô˵أ֣Ҿ͸оʱĺƽ뵽㣬ĸоܵˡ
ҵѾ˼ǧļ䣬ǧļһͷһ𲻵ļ䣬˲䱻嵭ˣʱҸоˣһռҪ˼룬ҵ뷨ȴ˺ܶࡣ
ӣǵûʧɣʵ
һͷ磬ģ֪ҺϵܺãϵõǴʱȴоǸ·һ㣬һϤһ·ˡ
νĳɷָоܳ
ûСҺȥһӵס˵û뷨մ˲ʧ
ãҡҵ˵ȻԶȻȻʵ㵱ĻˣҪ塣
ұ˫ۣԺи˵زغСʱĻ棬زǧļ̫ˣҲûһһ䣬ֻ֮ǰǵǶԵز˵̫ҪˣҲܻ
ǣȻõ˵زǧļ䣬һϣƽӰӣһҳ»ԣҵĴȱûб䣬ҳ»󡣡
ͷһɢ˷⣬ҿԼķ⡣
ǵز𣿡ЦſԼϵķ⣬ֻҪһ룬֣֮ʱ֪Ρ
һ룬ұȻķȥ
ʮʦӾͽˣ˵꣬ұԼٶȳȻȥ
Ҽ˲嵽ǰʱģδ䣬ȴľްӴ󣬸߽ʮףʵĦ¥ĴڣƯǰһ㡣
زأջٴΣҪһսݴ鿴ҵ
ҵټˣ޻ȥұ֤ѵظһطָ档
壿زأȻǱˣѵ˵ЩôɱǵôҪɱģھȻԳԾӡͻȻ𵽣˵ˣҲٽˣǻ磬磡
磡
Ŀ𷢳һ޴ˣȴ˿ҵȻһЦΣΣôͽΪ˰𣿺αشǰ;һս
˵ҪǾҪ˭ҷԣزͽͽҿ


489 һս壩
ҿǰֻ磬Ȼϵڿ𣬵˫֮ȻһƬʱԺʶѣûΪŭͳ֡
زأΪסϽҹȻȻˣҿɲ顣ֻ翴ǸĹ˵
ɱٹȥҵ
Ҫң翴ңϿʼɢ˿˿ɫɷȻ˵һ˿˿ҲǶ˵ģЩɷÿһɶһ״֣ˡ
ЩɷҾӿ˹ЩɷǵأȻ粢ɱң˵ңһΧĹڵĿĹ
Щɷ˳һӿ˹ȥҿҲżȻʱұ˵زҴʱ֪ʹһ𷨣ǵɷۿҪȥչֳʵֻҪЩɷȥЩմ֮û˿Ļᡣ
ЩɷҪȥ˲䣬ͻȻִһɫķ⣬ɫķɢһҫ۵ĹâֱӰЩɷȫҫˡ
ǰ׹ҿһǺɫȴʥɮۣһʮ㡣
׹˫ֺʮ˹
۾ʵ㣬Ǻηʥ
°׹ᣬΪֹʩޱɱֻẦ˺Ҳ۽Σʼղϲһ΢ЦĿŻ硣
ҿԱߵᣬ˽ָܵģҲһʱͿɱȴǺ
һССҲҿڳԣǴǰҲ˵ŭĴ
ʱͻȻһ⣬һѹǱߴŤͷһʱоȻһ޴Ӱòӡ
ǵӰӴޱȣǶȿȥռպôһƬĵط
ӳֵ˲䣬ʣµĸԼʦҲˢһ³ӵķ˹ȥ
üͷʱˣԭ磬Ŀǰҵӣҿ϶ϲסģҺǰ
߸㶨ˣǱֳˣʱԭֻĸʧȥ˱ûǹ
УڶԸֻޣֻĸ޺ʦӶҲļʣµĸһ˴ģֻеϣʦռ֮ڣлʤ
ʦһʱɱˣǰ磬סǣסˡ
ʱӺʦǵĴս쳣ңǱ߻ֻӣкڰ޳˶ڶԸʦǣȻʦǴ·磬Ҳûʧܵӡ
ͻȻҾ͸оҵǰжҷ̧ͷһȻѾʼˣҷľȻǻ³һںɫ׻
׻¶쳣ĸߣʮԶˣҾ͸о˲̫һ㡣
ˣ˫ʹסݣȻ۳ҾѾˣŪһ£´ιŶҳˡ
嵽ǰ֮ʱͻȻΧȻһɫı֣ס棬ҿЩ棬ȻڱҲǸоȣȴûյ˿˺
ҿֻľޣͻȻԺм䴫

زأô»㿾ԡܵزؼңزظ˵˵ҷ⿾һ£óԲ٣㿴
˵ӿ³һСĻ
㾹Ȼ»زغûԹʧһǶʳĺ棬һַǶܺ档

زļִԺг֣ʼԴгˣǸֻԼ֮⴮ԵһǧȥȴֽȻ䡣
ʵںܶǰҲǺڵһŽᣬ¼ɣȨɱ
֮ڵظδ֣һпʼ࿪ʼģɱЩè
Ȼ˫Ĵսʼһֲܿ塣
˫Ĵսػģߵ˶ڿʼı䣬ڲʼˣƳʵֳΪҲ
ȴûѧһ㣬ΪԼһѾӮˣǱ㿪ʼڲȨɱʼڲ
ֻһڽܼʱſѪڣһҧԱߵһӡȻһŻһȥ
׹Ҳɱ֤ʱĿⶼûע⵽ͻȻһƣȻѸƵĻڵϡ


490 һս
¡һ졣
絹µ͸ɽһ㣬絹֮ҲǷɵҵԱߵû°ɣ
ҡҡͷʵͦ˵ỰģϾң˵ͽǾƣڲ֪Ϊʲô˵ǿ죬ָо˯ʱ֪ԼˣǶˣǲ붯
ΪزԵԭɣνԣʵ
ڸоȫһ£ΪֻķͷӺˣͽˡ
زأȻ治ȰҲ㲻ˡͻȻǵصĻӴ屻һŨܵɷΧ
ͻȻԭظЩɵĶʼȫķӿȥ
һһʱӴ˵زļҲ֪ʲôˡ
˵ǣɢ֮󣬶ƯظΪƯĻƣЩǻɢ֮ǰµԹ
ǰĵظһƬżܿǹԴ࿪ʼظ֮ͻγĻƣĳһ㣬Ӵ˵ظһƬǻɵġ
ЩƲͨĶϾɢ֮Ϊƶ䣬ǿ
𣡡Щƺܿס˻ӴҲʱʱĴһŭ
ҪʲôЩԼ
ǻֵһӴѹʼһǵĵͺʼһһ˿˿Һð
ǵزʲôҸо־壿ҾȵĿЩƣԱߵİ׹
׹ȴ˵ףѵΪǵزֻ֮ǵزĶǣزһѹЩѵûоڵʵͲϵز𣿡
׹ôһѣǻعˣԹ˵һز򲻹ǾԲõزо־壬زѾǶĵزо־壬Ǵ˵Щġ񡯡
Щνġ񡯸ڣҴӵزõļ䣬Щʷдġ񡯣ʵǵڵظ޴սʱ򴳳֮ˣ֮һˣһй񻰹ʷ
ŴЩɡڵظɱˡ
¡
ͻȻЩ֮УһһǻȻĻ緢һ
ЩһĿʼֹͣ˽ݣֻţʣµʮֻԼָޣȫ˻Щ֮⣬Χһȭһ䱸Ŀǡ
ᣬô£ɻĳԱߵʡ
ֵ˵£ղŻĽӦþǺЩԼǻʱôˣôֱԼأ
ԭ򶷵ҲɵԱߣһֵĿǻĵط˵زǰ޼ջѹظһ꣬ȻԸǰ硣
ôüͷʡ
ǧˣҪʵһ󲽣ɹˣֲֻУǰǣҲҪظز
ȡصزѹһ꣬ôЩ궼޼Ļô죿üͷЩܳµظ⡣
⡣üͷˣҧҧ˵ˣЩҪǵɱ磬ЩҲСආȻСѲҲ˵㣬Ժʰ
ô鷳ͻȻ׹֪޼ȥѹǵظܷѹס
һһϲ֮زһѹһ꣬Ҳǵز𷨸ǿѹ
Ǳѹ޼׹һЦ
һüͷҪȥѹԺ͵һֱѹȥ
ҴʱȻȥѹǵظȣԥˡ
ȥ޼ز㿴硣ָЩƵ
ĵȥɣǿʵһ׵顣˰֡
ữΪһɫĹߣ˱ߣҲæȥҸȥʱ򣬻ŤͷһǱߵ
ʱʦͼλӴòҲ̶ãرʦ·õģ˿ڣȻѹŴ򣬵ҲûҪܵģҲ΢һ㡣
ҿǰеİ׹̫ΪʲôȻԼȥѹ


491 һսߣ
ѹ޼ɲһ飬Ҳ˵һûˣû»óһӡ
νѹʵԵ·ˣ⻰ֻ˵˳ڣǧĶֹʮһѹס
⣬ΪûѹףΪǵزת
ز֮ѹЩĲʵԵ·ˣزѹЩÿ춼Щǧ֮࣬ЩϿ˵ز޼ȻزôһѹôĶ
׹ܲ˵Щһ˵ˣԺǧھ͵ÿ޾Ŀ̣Ժֻأܹܲ컻һѹ죬컻һɣֲϰ໻࣬ѹ
ʲô
Ҷߴ
ΪʲôҪȥѹЩɲƲ磬úŪҵ
ǰ˵ͷףǰµЩպÿֲ
ܵǧ̣֮ڻü
ˣǧУ͵ɱЩ˵ıӦǡ
ҷһֱڵԼɱЩ֮УѾΪһĽˣ˵ħ
ѹǧǰѾõ֮λȴɱ֤
֤֮󣬲û޾ɱ֮УʵҪдȱ֮ģȴĽ
·ߡ
Ҹɵһɽ֮£ɽһʮ׸ߣʯڹ⻬һЩӲݣҺصĵطһСţС׸ߣһ׿һƾɵľŹſڣõģһžܰŸ߻һ㡣
ˡҵ˵ͷ޼ˡ
ʵǿͷϲ˵ʮ˲ʵֻһ޼
ǰƿľţһڵȣǰȥˣ
زļطģ쳣ᳵ·
߽ܿһԲ͵ʯڣԲεֱֱʮףߵʯʯóʯʯſһЩѾЩע
زأ
زأ

ͻȻķڴ̫ˡ
ʱһŽɫĹҲƯϷʮ׵ĵطܸоǾǵزʣµһˡ
λҹ˵յظд٣Ҫȥظɹ˽٣Աλ׹տλ
˵һУҵһҲǸоҵٻˢһײҵڡ
һ˲䣬ô˵أͺԭоԼɶڲȫˡ
һʧ˲䣬ͻȻزҪߣ
زߣ˵º𣿡

΢΢֪ЩҪܳˣæԱߵᣬ죬סԵ·ˣҪǷ㣬ѹסǣǲ㣬ϻѹסǵġ
ɫ˵ͷ£˫ֺʮ۾һգɢɫķ⣬Ȼϵķһ˿޵ɱ⣬ǲڸס̺ŵڷ⡣
ܶ˻ʣΪʲôɱ⻹з⡣
ʵڵĺܶѾʲôˣЩ̵ļһҲ֪ǳ˳ȾƺȥݸȻ֪Ĩǵ壬Ů˵һҹ˫ֺʮ˵䰢ӷ
ʵ𲢲Ǳ˵ĲɱȾƣ
ġ
֮Ҫ֮ǰ˵̫ջ󣬲˵ܳȾƣǸ涨һ㲻һֱֵĲԼǽĿġ
νν⣬һصɮ˿Թаȥ
ͺñù𣬳ȾƣһɷΪΣΪǰĽǮԻ󣬾˵⴩дǻۣ֮ˣףвǲⲻȾƾܳɷ
Щַҹصˣ첻ⲻȾƣԺȴǳȾƣһ޳ɡ
Ỻķա
ΧЩʯзɳĶˢһ˳Ķסҧ
ЩȻǶǲûʲôرǿʵᶶǾܻɢüͷҧ֣ûκζ
Щ䱾һᣬһùŮɫɮ˿
ҷȱ˫ֺʮûг̫ĲӣҲ΢ȶҿУ˿ᣬᣬ㿴ظˣһѹЩġ


492 һսˣ
ҰĵȥڣЩȥġıʹ࣬۾
ҴʱҲ֪Ҷתܳ޼
һܳȣ߳ɽ֮⣬ϣЩɵȻȫӿڵķ
磡ˡһЦ
ʱһҵ壬ѾԸоԼвͬĸоˣô˵أָоͺܿһеĸо
һ֣Զһ׸ߵľʯֱӱҵɷĩ
ȭͷ
һţգڵķȥ
ʱҷɵٶȱ֮ǰ˲֪ٱʮ룬ҾѾصսʱѾкܴĸı䣬ĹѾʼޡ
Щ޺͹ѽѷ֣ʦΧӣʱʦ͸һ·Ѿļ⣬ӽѪƴ
Աʱʱɧӣ֪ѾռϷ磬ѹڴںڰ޳Ա߸ûϡ
ǵսͻݻһ¥
Ҵʱ˵زʦжʱɢһɿ񱩵ͰǴʱңҲҺ
Ǵ򲻹ϻᱻʦѹƣʵһ֣ҲҪ
Ẉ̂νɽһ˴˵ľӣֻҪһ˵ľ㣬ֱѹ档
»ԣȸӣȻٹܻ磡ʦͷҴʱѾʼˣǴ򲻹ģֻɱӣʮ£صظĴзѹˡ
ˣ
Ƥһ˲˵ļԺ˲ԥĳȥ
˰ˡ
һǧĽᾧ֮ʱ˱ۣҲӭѡ
սˣй֮ʱӦ˳Ӣۣ̫棬ʮԪ˧Ӣۡ
νӢ۱˻ЩӢ۵ϡ
ЩӢ۵ϱῸһˣܿͻõ֮ڣйĽһǧҲݡ
йǰǧ꣬Ƿ⽨ᣬÿһδѣ嶼ûʲôΪйǰһֱңҲָʱգ˻ܶࡣ
ǵĿմսҲսʱǧѹ˽Ҫôлǿߡ
ָоͺñС˵еǣôɱɱǾΪ˱ô
ʱĻǣǣǧϣеһУѹϣֱȥɱ϶ɱģֻҪɱӣѵظĴзŪ
ظĴзҲһĶϹ֮ʱսȻ忪ʼռЩƣǻǲܴ壬ʱظĵ̻أ࣬ûбơ
ʱظ˱ϣ಻ôҲʱǿһһжˣǵظĴз
ʱֻôзһж˲ɱǣ籾ģ粢ࡣ
һӱһȥʱʦѲסӣӸ㲻һؿڣ۵һһѪӼʮ׵ˤϣͷҡ
ó֮ǰʦλѾƣˣҾѹյһݡ
ͷɢңŴǻһ˿ѪľȻĿЩЦ

ʱЧҷģޣıȨλգⳡǿЦ
λȫĬüӣʱ֮ԡ
ҽձɲ֪һսʤʤѹ壬Ȼ򲻹ǣߣȴûסҲߣ֪ΪΣ
Ϊӣǵظľӿҵжϣɱ壬ǶһһģҲظ壡
ָЩ֣㿴ǵ񣬶ɱǣһҧǲ֮𣡡
ΪҪӡ벽ࣿΪ˼Ļ겻µظΪˣĹᱻЩɱվؿڲ𣬵زأνʮļϣɱңǣɡ
˵꣬ϳĸ㣬Ҳ˫ۡ


493 һսţ
Բļ뿪ǲ㡣ʦӵȾʱӣʦڽ֮ʱγơ
ǵظľֻսͶ̧֣ĸɣɱңһжˡ
̩ɽ̾˵ɣ£
˵ͻķӣҲ۾һģ̩ɽһӣ̧Ҫɱӵ˲䡣
ͻȻ˫ۣϵļӴĹâ˲䣬̩ɽɫ㣬ʧ˿С
ã˵ˣУͷһ̩ɽ˲֪汻һˡ
ʦ̩ɽ˲䣬˳ȥҪȡ̩ɽϵı
ǼһУ㵽С
ȻӱһӴֱӰʦ˻
ðˣһˡüӡ
ʱʹúһʹøûñȡ
üӣʱѾȫ֪뷨ˣ֮ǰ˵ôɿ飬û뵽Ϸ走ݼȥøСɶĹƶС˼
ӣʲô˼ʦĺ
㵱ʱѵ͸ȥҡͷҲҸղ˵ˣǵظľô
˵Źͷӵ֮ڡ
Ǹ֪⴫֮÷νУǱǴеظұ磬ǾȻΪʮݣֹⷨ½ٱ
֮ӻɢɫâ
Цڵף
¡
ͻȻϲ֪ʱһƣһ״ֵ׵Һʦ˲䷴Ӧ˹Ա߷ɿ
⼸λӦûôˣ׵һܶһ
ΪҲ˵Ǳģ˵ĻǶ׵ġ
ӼλУ˲ͳ˹ҪɱǣʦӽҲӭȥ
ӺʦӽϣʦȻֱӸɰףˤԶĵϣҲڵϹγָ˿ڣѪ
ʦôһ赲ҲæȥһУסϲжλӵķȥ
ʱҲҺӲƴһ̫ǿˣһ棬ȻҴӵزļ֪˼ǲûиĶ϶Ǵ򲻹ӵġ
زֻܺûбӴƽ֣ʱֲɵҪȥŰ
Ӳû˺󣬶ǳҷ˹ҷɵٶȻ죬ǰǲУɵ̫ˡ
ͻȻʦҲ֪ʱ嵽ǰʱŴϣϣѪ
ӣһǵ͹ˣҵһУұֱ䡣ʦ˫۴ż㣬һ쳣ӵ־
ҵزļҲûļ䡣
ҵ¡ʦһ䣬ͻȻӵϳһ޴İͼ
ʲôҴӵزļвϵķģǶûҵĸԴڡ
ԭʮӾȻ˿ˣ̧ͷ˫۾Ȼ˾֮ɫҪֻСĶ
ǵͼĽȻٶȴָо֣
ҲԼܸоǰͼ̺
Űͼ䣬Ҳѹϣһ䵽ϣ˫ȾȻ˵ϣϥҲѹСӣϵƤҲʼ
ѪҲЩѿ
ʦʱҲɫɷףǵѪҲʼѪȻʦʵʹãʦҲЩɲˡ
ͼĽ䣬ӵԽĲã·ҲѾѿͼѹͷϵʱ
̧֣ȻסͼĽ䡣
ӷһȻҪ̧ͼվ
˲ֹȥǵͼѹվ
䣡
һ죬ͼѹȥ漴ͼɢˡ
ڵϣ㣬·ѾˣҲѪܵģϵ˿
Ӽѵվ˫֮Ѿʧȥ֮ǰɫȫãΡ
ӿأбΣȻŲĵĵȥ
ڵϣӻı˫ۣϷɫʣȻΪĹ㣬ɢˡ
ҿҲ˿һˣ̫Ѳˡ
ʦû°ɣҿԱߵʦʦ˰֡
ͻȻĿ
𣡡


494 һսʮ
ʦſһڵϣɫѿһ˿ѪɫҲûС
üŵڵϲϴŴʦӹȻǿѾ;ĩ·ˣɱʦƣʱڿûս֮ˡ
λǴʦߣԸǻ硣ҳļλ˵
⼸λ֮ǰ׵һҲˣʱ⼸һ񣬵˵ͷȻ˵»ԣʱǼѾûս֮ˣǱѱ㣬δͷˡ
һô˵ƤһȵĿЩ˵ӣ֮ʱȻҪЩң˵ҵˡ
һУƯʱеУλҲ֣ɵҵС
ˣزĳ˵꣬߹ȥʦеķȥ
ҵԶֱַ֮ҲоЩˣÿһж̺һֱԴ֮
ԴıԴѹֵõֻҪ˵һףôͻһ׵¡
ӵʱ֮ʮǼͷһ룬ͻῪʼѹǣ翪ʼųǡ
򵥽һ£ǰѧһۣһ˳ʱʮǰɱԼĸףԼͲ˭ȥɱĸأ
ȻûгǾûɱĸףȻûɱĸףͻȥɱĸס
⿴һûнۣʵȴǣʱǰɱĸףôͻֹᷢ
ͺñҪɱĸ׵ʱȵһ㽶ƤȻˤ
Ϊĳֻıʷʱգųһа취ɱǵ
͸ǲӰһҲųȺˣһһӿֱ
⴫зܣųҵĵˡ
Ҷͷһ亹ˣӹʮ͵Ϯ²ͻȻУȻʮǴ򲻹ӵģԿҲܡ
ѹӶ˵ʮΪʮ֣޵Ľ
һİʮ££˲䣬һϾȻһöڻãֺף磬Ϊֻ
ҿ⾹Ȼһӵ鼮д֣ڤ飬
Զ񣬵ɽͼһڤ飬
ԭⶫĴڣһǵظĴ֮
ҷĵһҳд֡

㷭һҳ澹ȻһƬհף΢΢üȻĬ֣ҷһҳͳ֣֣ٵȣͷһ˼˲һꡣ
ȻȻ汦һϲĿе
䣡
ͻȻǱߴһĹ޿
ķһǻ羹ȻѾΪһƬɫܸоѾʧѾΪƬ֮С
ЩҲͨһƬ磬֮ʱǰ㡣
磡
üͷƬ磬ҺγоʱѾʧˣ
۽Īһᣬزһѣǻ磬һ𳤴һˣŨҲǻ磬ȻĻ֮ҲһȡΪ
磬Ȼǵ˵ҲҵѣΪ壬Լ
֪ܲԼȻˣΪ壬ΪƬ硣
ʱƬɢԭЩҲֵԶƬ磬ĿһЩ޲СĵĽǻ֮ڣֱӻΪޣʧЩ֮ڡ
ˣЩ磬Щɢݻ٣˵ظһжĴӪֿܵЩķյظͳ硣
⣡üͷ
У
üͷһʱظȻҲܰЩշӡԽԽĵطʼΪһƬ磬ٶȿþˣæˣٶ̫ˣһСʱʮͻᱻЩɡ
Сʱظʧ
ô죿
ҿƬ޵Ļ磬üͷ
簡Ǹҳһ⡣̾
ٺ١е˼
ͻȻԶһ̶ܺ񣬸ʮ˵һŤͷһȻһֻɫĺӡ


495 һսʮһ
ˣֻǵӡɽеĺӣҼǵҴʱɫëһ׹ò󣬴ʱԶһʯ֮ϣȤĿҡ
ҿֻӣüͷ˭
˿оĴڣʱһʯͷһСݣҶĸо֮УΨֻӣ͸ƾճֵһҾȵĿֻӣ˫ۿұ۾˿֪һ˵ġ
˼ֵܷĿٺ١ֻӿңһ㡣
ҴʱҲܻˣüֻӣֱңֻӵвȻвҪ
㵽˭ΪλᱻӡôꣿʣΪʲôҸоĴڣ
ңҲ֮ڣ֮УӰ˰֣ңҾǸϷġ
Ϸģ
Ҳţ϶ԼĿģһһղ˵ʲô
˿һ
ףӦǰɣұ̫ˣԺˣ˵ǣǾǣ˵ǣҲǡӿ˵ֻǧǰΪ㺦ˣѾ򣬵ǵĹ̫ǵĻҳҵÿǵ
춨ֻҲܾĽ֣ۿֻӣ̹˵Ҳϲ
˵ܿǵϲĵطκ˶ϲԼ鱻֪˵ǿԼˡ
ôüֻޡ
ϷǵֻһԹߡֻЦеĿ˵ֻҪˡ
ҺͻΣʡ
ͻ綼
Ҫˣüֻ
ҪԼµֻԼѡϸ˵ҲҪõزǵزµǵز͵ǳ»ԾͲ渴ӡ
ֻüҡͷ
ˣֻһʱҲҶ֣Ҵʱǵ취ô磬ʱƬѾʼһˣٶԽԽ죬ԱӵٶѾһСʻٶˡ
ʲô취ܷӡסƬأ
ʱҲܷӡΪƬĵطѾΪ磬ϸ˵ֻҪƬռݵĵطѾ磬ûа취ӡ
ʹĴӵزļѰƽķ˺ܾãȻһ񣬸Ҳ
ô죿ҶͷоѾ˺գԭҴʱزֳ֮ο⻹ǽŵ
û취ʱҹϵŵظǧʮ˵ֻתܲŲˡ
ްӷ𡣡Ĭһ䣬εĿǰһС
һϹս
ӢۣˣŮ洣࣬ϹӢۡ
ҵһսΪ̫һսǵս䣬Ӣۣһһ䡣
ʷ˵Լعңʵеһһ䣬Щġ񡯣ΪƬأΪֻתĻᣬԼѪǵԪûƣѾﵽΪ壬ԲҪν
壬ΪһƬأΪһ磬ΪԼδ
Ȼǵõزʼʼƫ˷ˣ˾͸һչԼģһҲûǿνǿϣŮ洽ҲǺᣬһǵúϧ̫ˣôѧҲѧ֮
˴磬ΪʲôôأôǿңҲϲɱˣɱ壬ҲԸġҼǵõزϹһս֮ʱʵ⡣
㿴塣ָŲ߶ˣ̫ˣ˿Ȼ࣬ȻǱ뽨ֻ̨Ͷ̥תͻɱаԶѹ塣
࣬ı졣˵ҵȷϲɱ飬壬ҲǸĸΪ壬ұһЩҲԸ飬ΪǣԸɱǧ壬ҲԶɱһԱȱⶫֻܲڶʱ򣬲дȱ
һϹ֮ʱּ䣬һ
λҽձضػסλƬأƬֻء


496 һսʮ
ҿ磬һҧеüͷ
ڵ뵽һ취ʱƬƬռӣֻҪʹ类˵ʴĵطѿĿռ䣬͵ظиǷֿġ
ôΣգ򵥵˵ظʱѾ쳣ȶһռ䣬ͻȻиռƺڶĶڶֻҪһ־ͻһɾҵ
ʲôΪƬռƷռֱӻظռ䡣
ҿƬԽԽҧҧԣڵظǧǶʧˣʧܣҲǻһʸƬʴ
УüͷƬͻȻⱾͻȻʼȡҵһûüӦͻȻ֮Ѿʧһա
һһŴȵĿеʹҲԼûκεĴۡ
ҴʧҲֵԭƬӴĻѾֱʮһƬԲˣʱԲΧȴһ͸ɫɫĲһĶ
Щ֮ײɫĲɫ˿ûҪѵ˼
Цأɲʲôνġǿռѷ졣
ʲôҪռѷ죬ᱻ˲飬ЩɫĻ֮Ҳ⡣
ҿ֮ҵ˷ֹͣӣҲ˿ǵɫĿռѷʱѾʼƽ
ЩӴĿռѷ͸õʨһʱᱬӣռѷȻֻв񣬵̺˺ЩģĿռѷӴ
ʱЩռѷڿʼЩһѷγ磬ʼԱߵЩƽȿռ䡣
ãȻʧˣ
üͷһҴʱҲ˵ʲôˣҵһѧ֮һڵһѵĶ֪ͣô°Ҿ֪ǸմϻȺ
ӣô£㲻˵ҺͻĶԹӰ𣿸ϽЩŪʧ׸ǡҳֻ
ȡָ֮䣬ҪɱӲĿһֻۣأɸı䡣
ֻֻɫӵĿңҲǱ֮
ţüͷֻӣֻӵȻһЦʵǿ¼һеˡ
һС˵ô߱ˣߣӵ
ʲô˼üͷӡ
ͺñһдһ飬ָָ㣬Ȿ鰴ԼԸߣ뿴ԼĽ֣Ӧһɱӣô߾ͻرҪɱˣǱȻ߼ǲдڣôߵĴߴ£ҲдǱڡӽ͵
˵һ鿩ҸоӵĻͦЦġ
ǵģһֱҲʵһʵ磬Ƕ˵Ǿˡӵͷ˵ұⱾߵĻ
ߣǶߡҴʱЩЦȴЦʵʱôϷԣ͸дС˵һͺñʼһúõĸĪĳĪĳ˵ز
⼸ľ飬ľС˵дǰ㾫ʣ档
ֻԥƬ̣˵ЩѷԼµֻԼ޸ǣЩѷ֮Ŀռ䣬ϸЩѷ졣
һ޵ĻЩѷ쿴ȥһʱüͷ΢΢ЩѷÿһطһСӣиָĻ棬ڵظĻ棬ԶʱĻ档
岻콾һ壬ÿռϿǵĴڣռѾӡǣûЩռѷȻ񱩣ȴһֱûбΪӡǵԭ˵ЩѾΪռ䣬ЩռѾԼİԼ壬Ϊ˲ֺһֱûбȻռѷظʮͻ᳹׷顣
𣿡ҵ˵ͷʣʲô취ЩռѺʧأ
һ𣿡ֻһ˵ղ˵ЩǶЩϹӢ۵ĳ羴Բ˵һЩҿʲôָˣδͿԼˡ


497 һսʮ
ҿЩ񱩵ѷ죬˿ûбֻгЩѷ𣺡ϹŵӢ֪ǵļ䣬ǶУѾ硣
ҵزܱסƴ磬ֻп磬Ƕռ䣬ϣڣϣܱס磡ʹĴ
ûа취ԼѾ޷ûЩѷʧֻпҵĺЩƬЩӢ۵ļ䣬ϣҵá
ã
һ꣬Щռѷ쾹ȻûôĿˣֻԶĺһֱ֨֨ЦҵҲ쳣ù졣
Щѷ콥ûôĿ񱩣𽥵ȶҿЩȶѷ죬Ҳزζ
ΪǿԼȵĵظﲻԺȫЩϹӢ龰Ǿˣµļ䣬ǻᱣ磡
Щȶѷ죬һֱҲ
ЩѷȻȶԺȻǸüЩѷ죬ѾõĽˡ
˿ѾˣҲѾΪޣ徭һսûǧǻָԪģҾ㼸ǧҲ˻֮ڣûвˡ
Щ񱩵Ŀռѷ컹Ǹ鷳ûˡ
ˡҿԶԭƽеķЩԭǧˣʱҲֻٶˣܴһûܣɣҲһɱ
ƽУѲˡ
زǵû꣬ڡͻȻԶ˫۴ɱĿңĽزͻͬھ
춨ԵģڽѶɱңѵǸı𣿡ҿ
ҡͷЦ˵ͨˣ춨Ƕǣزʮֻ磬ǵѾҪԽ˰Ҫ˵ٽһǿ磬ǵѾĽ֡
ңжĲУȻͨ˵ǶģǵȴԼı䣬ͨǺܲƽҾǹƽĲþߣ
𣿹ƽ𣿡һЦʣ㣬ΪʲôһȴмһҲǹƽ𣿡
ԣͷһǰ»ĸ֣࣬мһǰеıӦһ仰˵úܺãƱж񱨣ǲʱδ
ܶ˲仰񣬲ӦѭǮϲƣΪţǻһֱƣһֱԣ±ˣȻܸһ
ܶˣȴ仰һֱж±ӻ࣬ͶǱӦӦһʣҲǰʣӦбҲб񱨣Ӧǹƽ
ǱӦӦֻӺѾЩ飬˵ҲǺһͰЩ˵˳
ĻĬƬʣҲ˶£ʲô£Ϊز֮ʱҲǺɱһıӦ
㲻ףһˣɱ˻򣬱㵽ͷһ֣Ӧô򵥡
˼Ǿˣɱ񺺣ǻƹ֮Ƕһǵһǲò˵ʵеһˣȥɱˣ粻ȣɱ
ԡӵͷܶʱ򣬺ܶ飬ǹǰģҪһ˫ۣ󣬿ﵽ˰õѡ
׼ɱңƬʡ
㡣ӱһνʱɱңȡһ㣬ȻҲỳܲɱҡ

ûɶҪ˵İɣҾ͵øϽɱ˵õȻ̬˵ʹʯͷվߡ
ҶʱëˣֻʲôûҸо쳣ΣգΧҲ˲ָоѹȣʱʱᱻֻɱһ
㶯ָԣͻȻʦ٩һͷһʦɫƣԻǺ·һȳһյģߵǰǰ棬źʣǶ׹һĻˣ
ɫ΢䣬üʦزձҪΥУ
óӺܼɵʦһʦõԱߣ˵ɶ춯һָͷһͷԣ


498 ֣
ֻɵĿʦ׾ţﵽ˰ϾûпԽ˰Ե³𣿡
³ʦǺһЦ˵ɱԣ
㣡Щŭǲûж֡
֪ʦǰһЩ飬ǵɱ˵Ļ֪˲࣬˵ˣ֪顣
ʦһЦĿ
ʵҲ֪ʦţʵڵʦҲѾˣֻҲ᲻֪飬ǲҶ֡
ǽյزǱġͻȻ˵زһǵز£Եزǳ»ԡ
ţ˺ӵĻʣôа취ұȥ
ţһزĵʧһͨòͨ࣬ԺҲбɵزķһõزһ֮ȫʧûа취İ취ˡ
ʦŤͷʣ˼أ㲻룬ҿԻס㡣
һʦĻҲüͷ˵۾ңҵĴ𰸡
һȻףǰǧΪȷʵϧ̾ȴоԼȷһͨˣֻһͨˣͻȻЩҺԥҲʵ˵ģ㯵ģҲ֪ʲôƳЩСá
ͬ⣬ԣǾȥһһͨ˱ǣʵͨҲûʲôãԼܵǰЩӰ죬ΪǧļԼԸĮҲᵭЩѵļ䡣ҿЦ˵ܰңôллˡ
ʦų谮ĿңҵԴԼѡˡ
ˡͷߵҵǰ˵Ҳȷʵ˵ϲǸ֣ǻ£ԽԽ󣬲Σ֮ӡ
˵ֻ̧ƣҵĶͷ֮ϣԴһظУ֮˹ȥ

ӣԷ
ڷ俴أͻȻķҺһЦ˳ȥŷŲ˴ӳŷңһôǰӴû
ţС˼һСëѡЦĿŷ¡ĶӣʣҼұû
ңԶ˳ŵİɣҪңҲߡһת߽˲ˡ
һص֮ȥץֵĹڳɶһɳһС죬ͷһɳأֻ㻳ˣѾһļڡ
Զŵˣӣɶ⴫籧һ˽ҲЦĸ˽
ĺӸ꣬ҼҸķӣԭһΪźҸãԱķӣӳҼҲ䷹޷óԣ÷³ѾزˣҲǷ㻳֮˵ԺóЩѳԵķˣҲǱ˵Ĳ˲óԡ
ʵҲǰ㻳ʱķ˵ȷʼг
ˣȥ׶԰һء˵һ֪ɪԼĶӶȥ
ʦתǰտʼѧͱֳ˺ͨӵĲͬɼرĺã׶԰ͿʼѧеĿĿˡ
Ҳǿһַ־ֵĸֳλãǼͥȫգĽúܡ
ʦǻصڽӪǼ䶹̣ûµʱҲ壬߿Һ磬һҲͦңġ
Ҹоƣ˾֮ץСëȻҵزһʧˣҸо̸˺ܶ࣬һЩС˿ҵ֣ģ̽ˣɶӶϲȥһ¡
廹׼ҷֵ꣬߻ҹ˾أû˵ʲôץĵеģ˵롣
Ҳˣ˹־ֳ֮⣬Ҳ˳ɶĸг쵽Ӧ꣬æͷˡ
үүûҲϲܣû¾ͱĶӵƣڷأҵĺԺզ졣
ԭҵĸװᵽɶϲ죬ĵطԭҲǹеѶڳɶԾûȥֻҪһмھͻ쿴衣
֪زʱԭҲͦյģһԪ֮󣬾Ͳһˡ
һص俴ųһӵ飬д
ûлʮ˵һǣûҪ
˵ˣǴ̫ͷۣǰԼûбʧȥԵظƿеû˱ȻҲԸ⣬ǵظҲûʲô˴ùǡ
ڰ޳Ҳתֻˣ󱻷²֮ʮɱǣԭǼ룬Ϊһúڰ޳˼ǸλãǺڰ޳Ը⣬Ҳû˵ΪʲôֻҴǵиоį
ʵûд෴ǶӵҳѾ˵ʵˣǻѡֻء
ҵĸףʧˣһսûп˵κţֻ֮ˣû⡣
ҵĸǷŲңԸΪҶԸӣԸΪӵľ֮Ըңֻأһȷ飬Ҳһȷѡ
ǰľһС˵һ㾫ʣϣԺƽһЩ˰һƽͻƽ
ҵЩһС˵ôӦþǽʱ˰ɣ
ҲڣҺôľ
ôѣֵܣаˣˡ
ȱǣȱ£ҵĹѾһ˭أֻһδ棿


걾
걾ˣۡ
˵ģԭΪٹҹСȡ̸һЩû뵽ۣ࣬ΪⱾҸ̫ϣıϣҲ̸úܶ࣬ȴʼһ
ϣ˵һֵ黳УԺûܴ桶̸ĿеλðɣΪ̸Ȼ̫಻㣬ȷʣʵһ顣
˵ٹҹСͲϲ飬ʵٹķ˱һ˼ΪѾдô֣Ұٹûдòá
Ǻʵ̫࣬ǿٿٹģóдٹ˶黳ڰٹд֣˰죬УѾΪһʵڵ硣
ô˵ٹˣⱾķ̫ģȴû̫顣
Ǹ⣬ܶ˶˵̫ˣǰÿǧ֣ٹǧ֣ԭܼ򵥣֮ǰ˵ҶⱾ̫ϣдʮϸģһд죬ͻӲˡ
д;Ҳܶ飬صһξǺȶˣȵʮһ㣬ûи£òˣֵܹգҺKTVܵɣԴһŽʲôҲддһ٣ʱҲ˷ʵͷ
һʱżֶϸСϲһŮȻ취棬ȻУҲȥֶۣϸһΣΪУ֪ͨȥԣһϣһһǧ⣬ԴԺˣúͨ󱬷
˵˵˵ɡ
Ԥ4.1ţ˽ڵʱ򷢣Ⱥ䣺223626313ϢһȺ˵
±һûдʲôͣԭ˵ǻƳһʱˣ趨ǿսʱڵĹ£СûаܿƺģڻûУ±Ӧִץ죬ٹһһ顣
±ᾡʵ˻趨Ϊ±顣
˭֪أ
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================