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ԭܼ򵥣׳Ҳ΢ԪռҲܰԼһѣҼ׳Ҳ౦ǼӲļ׿ǣһԾ޴ĳЩδҪôһʼռ
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ʱԶͻȻһΪıըŤͷһȵķּгĻðԼ֮䣬Կһģľ޴Ӱ


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ʮһ룬Ǵϼӻ³סһ·ϿνǾޱȣ洦ɿлҵȺֳܿľ˽ǡ
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Ȼ˳֮⣬иֲĹ￨Ƭ֮ǰϼڼ⿴Ǹ׶ߵľ޴ӰԱǱȳĴڡ
ֻǿһ۱֪ǾԼܶԸģ˵ԼһıҲǹɱġ
һֱصԼСѣ̵ķŷ΢˿ϼǴһʼһ־ֺʹ͵УȻһʵЩ֪Χϼɫ԰ɳϷҲûдǴӱȡһƿǵ̼ϣƿڣŵϼֿɼĵط
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ڵֵϻ㰲Ǵ˿ҲһЩ˻æıܣһЩΧСסһѾʼСĽϣ׼ߡ
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һ죬˾һķȹģһһ䣬һԴʣϼһοⷿʱҲȷһȻ׼ֻȴʲôûʡ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˳ռλԪȫա
Ѿ߸λԪЧӵ˱˶һȻٷ˵κ˶տԪֻЧȴ˶죬е̵ʱͿԾѣеȴҪ»߸еΪ⣬ѹ޷ѡ
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ڶ̬ĳ˻һЩؼλһֹŹֵǣ׿ǼΪͣͨӵ޷򴩣˵һֻҲǺΪ֮⣬ǵ೤һԸΪĴ˫ֲλҲ᳤ĹǴ̣˵ǵһ̬ļǿ汾սҲǼڵһ̬ĳˣȻǸѶԸ
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һ˲泹ףһЩ¥±ѵ˿ʼɢӣеҪ¥ޱȡ
ʱϼ¥½ֽһﾹȻһԲ˫̥ãǱ˳ɱһ˺ȴǽĿһϡ
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ƺʲôĵȥɣţ֮˭ŶҪ˵ţٴһУһñƵ߳˷š


ھ һ
˾ٲǳͷԣʵ֮ǰҲԥκ˿һĻ޶ԡǲǰԭΪľʣΪ£Ŵ󲿷˻ԸʩԮֵġ
ÿһУôһӢ壬˭⡣
Լ˵˲ǲսʤģǴˮĳֻǵһ̬ԼĿǰǿͨһʣĲ飬Ըһ˻кܴյģټϱϼôһ˳ˮۣ
һΣбӵвļҲϣԸһ䵥ĵһ̬ˣջڰ˳ϵġ
ס¥ĿǰٶȣֻǲʮӾͳȥСѾӵһʣһѪܵʬ壬ӱƿһأǸ˴˿ڷĹһγ
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˵󣬼ײѾ˽ȥҲһأ˾ҪȥȴץסἸǰƵݺݵĴ
ƵĿǳ˵ĺģҲǼ׳ֻһֻԾԺܸߣƵҪ̴˲䣬͵ķȴԱһ㡣
һƵ̴˳˵壬ֻȴûдгڵļ׳棬˺ڳ˵ԺԲơ
һԼƫ֪鷳ˣȴǼΪϵɿˣһ̳˻һצǼָǲıǼӹ˵ֻҪϰģ̾ͻУ˵һȭֵһȭҪһм㲻ʱҲɥʧж
һɷǶƵ˵Σٶȼ죬ȴֱɱ
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ɱһֻʱõսƷֳٶʮֻ֣εĳΪͼӲһֲҪӹͿʹõľѽսڵײһ׼Ҫһ
γƵȴĳţһԾŹȵС˫̥ýʱһſǻ˴һܳһʲ֪˫̥õĸס
һЦû˵ʲôҲŻˣȻͶһԿһĻȴΪӶҳԼһŮΪҲ˵ʲô̫ҵ£ֻʱԵƶŻᱻŴе˻ΪԼ˶һУеǲᡣ
СŮǵĸףԷϵĵлȴǾֱߵʬԣռʬϵԪԼսƷ
ⲻ֪ոһĻյսΧ˶𺳣ʱڣһ˻ɱ˵ġ׳١̾ͳ˸ȵĻ⡣
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ոǸ˵ˮٴһŲҰ׵°˺ԼĳȻһֻˣһֻ˸ո¶˸ͷΧ˱ٴһɢ
飬ȴɫԽԽڶֻֻֻǸˮȻֻˣȻǵһ̬ʣҲֻӣԽԽá
ʱҲ˲ϱģȴתܣܣЩβ浽Լסֻȥ
˵Ҳֻ֣˳ֺ󣬷·׼һ㣬ֱ׷ȥƺΪ֮ǰǵͬ鱨һ㡣
һ·񱼣ܳڵСֻǽ׷ᡣпһĻ˶֪Сˡ
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֮ǰʶɱ˵ЩȻ۾˿Ǿ˻ߣǾͣǹľˡ
һĻ˾ǹ䡣
һǹ죬ӵշɹһ׷ĳֱӱУϱһѪֻǺֻ΢ͣһ£Ǽ񱼣ҷ˴ŭ˻С
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һ̣ǹæһ·ߵһ棬±ЩӵˣǱУǿû˵
ֻԱŭǷתˡ׵ľ˲伴ҲŻˣеʱ㵼;ֻܼӵ±Ҫر֮⣬ֻȻǵףǳ嵽˵Ľǰ
һ˽ѵصľҲͬ׵ĸһ㣬˼ٶȣɱʮʮǵࡣ
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һֻڲʮʱҪ˵ĳȴǸһ˿ᡣ
ǰ治ʮ׵ľ룬ŵһɱľˣʬһȴһ֧ǹ
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۾һȴ֪ԼΨһֻ˺ܿͻƾһƵ޷ͬʱԸֻˣǹͲһˡ
ڵһ̬ĳˣֻҪһǹҪҲ
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ǹ죬ӵѹȿѼٶг˵Ҫ
ۣѪлɫҺ塣
һ̣˵أöǲڵϣ˶졣
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һûоѵһһЩʳӺϻһǹǸʱÿΪȡʳӵƴڰ˸ºɹѣʹÿƬҲʱǹ
Ժܸε˵һǹֻ֡УΪ豸ԭĶǽṹ򵥵ǹеսʱڵ־SKSAKϵΪУҪֻһӵǹеʲôʣʲô߶˼幤ѧͳͳѵС
ڴ˿ľʽ絽Ҳùһʱ䣬ʮϤ
ȻҲ֪ǹеվޣδ磬ռλģֻпƬû֮һ
ʬǰ棬ӵæȥ鿴˵ȴ̾˿
˶ˣ֪ԼֻܲڸոյΣ£Ҳüʩȡ
һʬ壬ԼľʽȴһԼôŪõⲻõĻ
ȥϵռѾʽٶ෢ӵһѾŶʽǹӵֻ࣬ʮ
һϲɫЩʡõҲ㹻ˣ˭뵽¥ˣȻջ
˿ҹɫΪûеӦֵǺһƬ·һ˶ûУֻһĳһ⡣
ǵ͵ĿзյĳᣬҲ֪ʲôں棬ȻȥһҪһǲŽ׬ˡ
ֻǵȵ򿪳ţĶȴһһ̣ȻǹЦ
ʣֽ׶ΣĶٱȾҪãٶ˵
װŵģǼ׳ʬ壬һϰֻһǴϳսģҵĳо֤֤ͨٷҲ㿪ʼоּ׳棬ԲŻռЩġ
ֻ֪ô׳ʬ壬̺ԪһǳˣǴ󲿷ּ׳Ѿ˼죬Ԫɢ˾ųɣôҲ㹻Լռ㹻ѵԪˡ
˿ϵԪռȻǿʮӣһλԪ
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Ԫռ˿̾ͬһ׳ʬϵԪߣʵϰֻ׳ʬṩԪҲʮټϲɢģյģǲᳬλԪ
ھֻλԪҲԳҪԪֻǼӺ֪ԼλԪﲻˡ
ԶֱԽԽɲ鷳ȴ̴ӿ˺ڰС
һӣֱ͵˿ϣܿ߰˸ǹʵľͨ鿴ֳ
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˿ϵԪռһСʯȻѾȫԪҲ˵һβСʱʱȻǻλԪǴջˡǳдԪҲֻܷ
ףѾʽ͵аϢĻصСʱСʬѾߣžľʯˮǸ˵ˮڣΧȫǿֵȺ
·ժñӣҲûע⵽֮ǰԻɱ˵ˣȴ˳¥ÿšϼŵѪɫȴ̿š
ȥЪһ׼һԵģЩˣսһһ·񱼵ȷЩˣ˵ֱԼķ䣬·ŵľʽ;ŶʽԼӵص£ڴȡѾԪʯ
һξ˵оϲҪʲôһ£ǾǸҲͻȻʶԼ֮ǰļƻȻףʵ̫ڡءСˡ
һֱԼڰȫĻУⲻ֪һԸ뷨
ĩ٣ûʲôطǰȫģֻǿӵԱ֮
λԪڻԪѾﵽʮҲ˵ʮĸͿҪԪ
λԪҲռҪɱһЩˣֻһѡ
֪һѣһԼҲ㵽ǹ֧ԼǹֻҪֻˣֻֻ߱˽ûʲôΣյġ


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һСʱ߳˷䣬ΪλԪٴٶȺͷٳ˱׼һϣ˿ǳЭ¶СۼҲǽʵޱȣһֱ
ϼ׼˳ԵĶһڵĹɰһƽʱһû˻ȥ⣬£ܳԵѾܲˡ
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ʲôջ񣿡ϼûйҲǷеĵġ
ٺһЦȴǴϼԼķ䣬Ȼ󽫴µǹȡ˳
Ϊһа죬е˻ûмһϼȻҲʮ־ȣĿŪЩǹе
ѾʽҸһѣСϼҲˣˣѧԼԼϵ˨رգǹжװϼĿɿڴ
ǹеǹƷĶŪģϼȻҲЩԾԾԣǲĵʵ
ģİɣǸ˲Щ̻ϼʹǹе֪ʶǽһ֧ʽݸϼ
ʱͻȻȴŵϼЩǹȥȻЩ顯Щǹ͵ģ˼Ҿš
˽ǹغ֮͸èһȻǼ죬ãϼѾ൱ˣѾ϶϶ΪЩǹġ
¥¥лķţ⼸ͬһסһţǸոսӵϼҪһСѰһˡ
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־ֵ쵼һȴǹѰˣԭֻ֪֪ڵطϺ;ŸָĴԣ˵죬ͽɱ˵ġԡѾҵǼȴ޴ӵ֪ˣֻãǳ˷ʱѡ
ܿ죬ǰķſһ죬һ˸ŷʮ־Ŀ˳
ʾԼľ֤ʮظĶ˳ûпСʱǰĴ򶷣ûע⵽Էʲôӣϲʶ֮⡣
⿪ŵȻһ֪ԷҪҵ˿϶ԼڵʱԼŰñټɫûе磬Ӧû˿ԼòȴͺŪȥ
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ллϣʲô쳣һʱ䱨йµ˵꣬⼸ͬҲһһȥ
غźȴǵһЦŰñȥȻûԭģѾԪڣǱѾʼԶЩԪҲ漴ǿȻǵ޷أܿͻᱻٷע⵽տʼ˴󶼱ɲԼСоиҪȥ
һƬѾȥ죬һļ䣬֪ϻпƬ䣬һοƬȴ֮ǰ
һᣬֻҪ֮ǰѳɹԼͿռûеȻȥȡȡĿƬļ䣬ǵһѷѵģѾǼǱˣԼڴ֮ǰѣôȡƬϣûκξߡ
ץʱˣ˭ȻÿƬơ
֮󣬻̵õһŴĿƬ߳Ϳһ˵־֮ĵһſƬģҲ˵ѵȺ˳ƬƷʣǺߣȾѵļֵ̫ˡ
ĿǰҪٳʮĸλԪͿԾѣ֪ϾһӶˣֻΪֳ˵ԵʣΧ˺ܶྯ;Ѳߣʱֻѡڼһֱ賿һңСĽĶϼһһ˴ǹƵ˼š
ڵȫûյĳͻû˵ƺ̣û˴Ϣĳеֻпֲɱ֮˵ĽֵΨһϳвǹˡ
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һʿ٣˿ڵϿǽϢһԵʿݹһƿȪˮһбɣԱߡ
೤ǴǱ߳ҵģԵɣӽûԹˡյģĳôһ㶫ǱϴٹһôȥǲǹŪҲöǸʿֵ˵
üͷһ壬Ǿˣ˵ļɿǲܶȺһһߣҪ˵Щʲô뵽Ԯû֪ʿЩȴһֱŶӡ
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ģ೤˵Щ﾿ǴĶģֱͺһЩӣҿۿӵ壬Ѻúõһ˱˲˹Ĺ٣ⶼʲô£һʿҲǿ˵
ǵսѣСʱǰһֻʬĳ壬Ȼʼ죬ѣֻǹսսѴɸӡ
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֪Լһʲôȴûһͷֱ仯ȴһֿ־壬֪˱ЩӼҲҲֽĪԼҲˣ
ûиκˣ϶ǼǾѵǰף˵ӵб˿ܶ౶ԪǱʵϣǰսʿУѾ˺һڿԪ⣬ǽǵһߡ


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ļƻһƬ׹֮ǰʮĸλԪĿǰΨһ뵽ķ͹ＤսǰԪ
Χǽ֮ڰ׵ľ룬˸ֳ˵ʬ壬Ȼռʬڵļ׳оΪ̫ˣĳм׳棬Ԫٶȣطıϡ
ҪľǶԪռռ㹻ѵԪȻܻỨһЩʱ䣬ȴյķʽˣֻȻٶɲܱ֤Ƭ׹֮ǰѣ٣ӵԪռƣȷԼǵһѵ࣬Ҫġ
ʱһһĹȥʱʱԪռսȣĵĵȴš
ʱһȴ͸⿴ȥԶΧǽ֮ͻȻһЩӰǼȴͻȻӵʮ
ǳˣ׼Χǽٻ¥ʿ͸Զ˾ֵһĻȴʾ
ҹĻһǹ˨˼ӣǹͬһ
ӵǹקĻҹɫԵʮҫۣǰĳȱӵУϴһѪ
սʿҲϤ˳˵ԣ֪Ҫм׳λòһȻƶٶȼ죬ǹֵҲǷ׷ױһЩ׳ڼ嵹غ󻹴ʬȴǱʿһɱ
һϿ۳ж٣Ҳ١
ʮĽڣһսȴи˲ѣֻų㣬ʹ˵ֻҪǱʿҩ㣬٣׳ʬԽ࣬й©ԪҲԽ࣬ôԪռռԪٶҲԽ졣
ܿͷ˾ת˵гһЩϳһƬƬ׿ǵıֳ֣˵Ҫλȫźɫļ׿ǣͬһ׻һ㣬ֳ֮˵͸һԸΪ޴ļ˫ֲλҲһԷĹǴֳ̣һ֣ת
ӵֳϣȴǷ죬Ȼ޷ǹŹֵĺɫ׿ǣʮͳ˵ڻͻ£̳˹̵Χǽڱͳȫһײ֮Ҳ鵹
һʿûӦͱͳϳ߶೤ķǴһףֱӶ˳ȺС
ͬ鲻ϷһʱѪɡ
һ߾Ȼ˲䱻ͻƣȻҲȫǰһȴ׼ܡ
˲֪ȴǷǳֳ׿ǵǵڶ̬ĳˣֳѾͨӵһֵڶ̬ĳˣôͨ߾ֽͬһڴ˽Χ֮ǰ뿪
ϧԸΥ˵ٶ̫ˣյ¥¾۷˻ΪѾʮֻ˳˹ˡ
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Χǹͣʱʱᷢ׷ıըֻȻų˵ԽԽ٣ڵ˺澹ȻȻ
ֻоͷƤ飬Ҫ֪صľ˿ٶˣһ¾Ȼȫˣ
ԭЩӵأԼһЩˣһѣȴû뵽ȻԼҲ
ڲԶٻ¥೤ҲǷǳֹԼּʿļ˱ľǹȥǾһʱǹһ˷֣Լ⼸˼ǹЩġ
ǹ¥źͷŶˣǧ𷢳С˵Ҳɵ¥ڵĳԽԽ࣬Ѿﵽ٣̽ͷȥֱ飬ΨһĻ·ǶﲢЩ˲ᷢ֡
֪ԼǾӹĵһߣں״еڶߣڶиಿӣװ׳̹ˣӦÿԵֵסǷ
ԣǷֻзǲܵþȡ
ȻܿԶ̹˺ͻڵĺֵͬһڵͳҲ޷ֵڵ׷ױ⡣
ڻʮӲͣ£˵˻ҲСȥϡϡ䣬ӦֻǺܿ죬Ļϲ㷢֣ڶߵĲûҪ˼ðһʿͨߵϵܲõϢȴġ
ܲĻشǱ㣬㣬޷Լ뷨ͻΧ
ԼͻΧ
ͻ̸ȣԼʿֻвʮˣôͻΧ
ʣԼЩǱˡ
ģĳֶһЩ˻뽨ѰһǷ֣ڱҲˡһʱڣЩʿɫҰףϾ˭
ʱ򣬰︺СɫŹֵ೤ҷֶһ¥¥ȻҲһˣ


ʮ ģ׹
ǷֵģȻǶ¥̨Ҳ޿κε飬Ǹ㽨¥ûʲôطܲĲ㣬Ӹ벻ֶѡ
Ϊɫ谵ֱһѾʽԺȻͱ˵ͬһӵսѡ
һǸոճ˳ʱܵ¥ϵģǺõˣٻиС˵Ԥڵ͸һ˿ҵ
˾ڵùʱ򣬻ԹˣԼùģȴֻõһصİοǾٻ˱Լҡ
ڣ¥ļһˣ¶һˣ¥ζ붼˾
СʱСǸƴҪ£סһӵֵܣʱҪ֧֣֪һˣǣҲҴȻǻûֻҪûͻлᣬǼ˻ǻȥأ
ʱӶҪˣ֪ᷢ飬ӦöڸԶĵطȻԪٶһЩܲ䵽ⲽء
Щûгͬ־ͳЪˡΨһ·ǵովҵڻɱ˺ܴĳˣ˿Ԫֻ࣬ҪռԪͿԾѡ
ھ֮£ʵûȥ룬ֻһһˡ
ʱȴע⵽Զİٻ¥ĲӰζû⣬ܿͷǵȷˡΪʮλԪԶͨˣʮ׵ľ̷ڸԼ
һʶ˼ļһҲû׾Ͷ˶Էͼ
ЦЦǼʿԱͲˣôԼ
ǻһȥȻ󰲾ĵ¥ӵԪոһںЧǼΪɹ۵ģֵ϶ǳһĵӣķѵʬ鵹ڵϣһƬԪŨٶѾﵽռٶȵİ˱ˡ
˵ΨһĺϢĿǰռٶȣֻҪһһ㣬ͿռҪԪ
˹˵һߺǳֳһƬžУԼٻ¥ǶֻľĵţһĻϣȴѣһȴ
ʱƣٻ¥˲ϴϵʱ䳤ˣǺͶЩոҵľˣʮģһڳǵʱ򣬾мͷЩƽ񣬷ڳˣǳ˺ܺõѣһ͵ľۼһͬǸʱѧġ
Ϊһͬڶ߲׵ĵطǣһͬĸоȻûм棬Էĳ඼壬ȴ˽飬ѣÿСʱύһ¡
Сʱɷųһ˿âµ峿Щģӣ·ȻϵԪռһʱ䣬ѾռλԪٶѾǷǳˣϾƿǵһÿǷյģʬԪɢٶҲǼ죬ռģǲʮ֮һ
ٶȣʱٻռλԪʱֻλԪ
Ҳ賿ʱӦþͿԾˡֻ֪ǸʱٻжʮСʱΰʮСʱԼǰ⡣
˲ϲ⣬࣬Ҳ½ɱ¾ԼǰҲû˸̤ռٻ¥ˣҪʮ־񣬱ⱻ֡
֮󣬰ٻ¥ǲŷ֣¥λȻһƽ񣬲Ǿ˻ƽһνˣǹôģȻҲûпնȥˡ
¥ʱʱֻܹˣÿһγܹǶǴҳڴ󲿷ֳ˴˿̶ڽڣϣ쵹ҪȫһЩǲϽռԪյǿԼ壬ڣٶԼ񾭣Ѿͨ˱׼2ˡ
ʱ򣬶ٻ¥ʿ׹һӣ·һƿȪˮһСԼطʯ顣
ЩһЦŶһллƣĻӦǡס
ʱ򣬵ڶϵľ֯˼Сֶ͵͵ӪȱԱֱΪĺ԰ټƵĳˡֻһӪȻʧˣСֶӸոͻ˲׾ͱ˷֣һ˲Ӹӿǧֻˣͬˮһ㡣ĽǣһСֶȫСͷʧǱߣٴνڻǿѹסĳˡ
ĳٴ˿Ԫĺĵʱ߸λԪԾѡ
Сʱɫٴΰ
ʱ򣬶ٻ¥˴ƣ׼ͻΧ
һ㶣ʱͻΧֱ࣬ѵЩʿˣתһ룬ȴҲ֪ԷΪԲŻѡ취ϾǺͬûʳˮ£һСʱһСʱΣգٻ¥ǴûʱðͻΧϵֶ֧ǿǱˡ
߶ˣСʱǾжԸ͸һߣһˣһǹҲһЩᣡʱŶͬʱǹеʣӵͬ²ģǵȷΪûԲֻðͻΧҲ˼ǺĽ
׵ľ룬ãͻΧĳɹʻǺܴģֻҪڶߣĲӾͻṩ֧ԮȻΣգܺù
СʣٳԵģȫóԵܣСʱж´
ʱȴԥУȻԼռԪΣֻ̫ҪͻΧǸǾһٻ¥ǼʿԼҲǲԸߴԼȴǲȥ
ֻȻҲûȰ衣
ʱһһȥڰСʱҪȥʱԭ谵ͻȻ˽ٸ㣬ʱƣԽԽٵŰŻХ׹䡣
һ̣Ƕһɻܳգ˶Ŀɿڴ˵
ʯ֪꣡˭˵һ˶˾ŵС
һĻȻҲˣֻȴ֪һεĿƬ׹䡣


ʮ ѣһ
Ƭģ׹ԤϵҪһЩֻԼǴˣ֮ǼһεĿƬ׹䡣ǵĿƬн٣Ҳ࣬￨͵ĿƬ
һ˲䣬ͬܵϮһ׹ĿƬ¥Ƭ׹ֱʯ׹㸽Ľȫ飬һЩƬڵڶߵľΧ˾޴ʧ
˵һεĿƬ׹䣬ֱӽҳǧٿףһοƬżͬһ࿨Ƭ׹̱Щ￨Ƭ͹;ԭμ穵ıǽܵشһ٣ٶĺˡ
ֻЩȴǲ֪ˣֻ֪һ䣬ֱڵһֻüһǻͻݶһ㽨Ȼ
ڰУ֪˶ò֪Ϊͷײʲôһʱ벻Լ˭֪ںδֻѣκãܿˣֳ
뵽˻֮ǰ£ȴǿЦһֱ֣֮ܵùˣôһſƬȻǺɲɵҵĽʣԼڿ϶ǱˮѹһСĿռԼȷһʮСǿռ䣬һˮǽ֧ţԼ类ҳ⽴ˡ
ûǲеĴңȿ˿ʱ䣬ϾŵңԼιȥҲСʱңٿ˿ϵԪռ۾
ԪռСʯȻȫˣպλԪ
СʱôռôԪ
ͻȻľϲŪЩ񣬰ĹƣҪڶ賿ҲռλԪȴû뵽Ȼǰˡ
ܿ죬ҵԭˡڼ֮⣬͸ת顢ˮ͸ֽķ϶һڿеĿƬ
ƬΧʵԪɢһɫĹΣҲѹһʼûз֣һһ￨ĿŹֵ֡Ҫ֮ܿӵһ˵Щֲѡ
Ĺؾħһ￨ƬƷͨɫ󣺵Ԫ1ţѪ֮4šԣͣūĹؾħʱҲ1ֱ߱ɢ
һſƬľϲȻ˵еĿƬеȼģһɫƷȻһ㣬һ￨ֽ׶ѾǼΪѵá
еĿƬУֻװ￨Ʒ֣֮Ʒʣֱǰɫͨɫ㣬ɫɫɫ档
ֽ׶һŰɫͨƷʵ￨ѾǲˡһԼҪܾܺͲвȥһš
ҴӦþһſƬһΪԪռƬΧԪٲֵԵʣһſƬûԶ롣
ǧѷĻᣬϽԪռϵʯȡ£ʼ
ҪѣֻгΪߣȡʹÿƬھ֮󣬾߿̵õһͿټϽһĹؾħȡǹڣ˺ܴ
λԪҲҪһʱ䣬ʱȴǽս
ٻ¥˴˿ɨ¥µĳˣʮǰǻǱ˷ˣȴΪµĿƬóҲǻŲ·Ķܣֻ˳ٻ¥պײǣοǹ
νûлͷһα㲻˭ܰѿصˡСȰսʿս˿Ҳǿ쵽ĵزȻеɱ˲ٳˣǹΧĳ˸ࡣ
ֻҪǵĵҩ꣬ͻᱻû
೤ӵˣô죿СŰþʽǹɨ䣬ǰСĳˣɸӡ
ʡŵãҲһ䣬ӵһҲˣǹãÿһǹܻɱһֻˡֻǼȱˣҲֻʣС
˵ĽϣҲһ˿ϢĻᣬΪ֮ǰһֲġꡯΧ˵࣬ټ˵ɱҪγЧĽȴЩѡ
˿̣ʮֻͨƺ֪ٳҲǰ״ȴ¥Ͱٻ¥ǻƺڵʲôһĵҩȴֻܲ²Щ˵ĶЩ˴ʲô⣬ٶ˵ϢƬ̡
ʮӺһԶ¾СԶ״ӰϸһΡ
࡭೤ǡͳˣСԼͷڴҲһǰͳͻƷߵĿֲһĻĿֲӵͨ˸̵Ĺ˭Ầ¡
ԶһҲѪɫ˾
ͻΧͻΧٲܣͳ˶ٻ¥ǲŽıɣͻΧ뻹һ˿
ʿ¥³ȥ·赲ļֻ˱һһɱֻεķǻǳ
һʿӵ֮󣬱ٳĳ˴̴壬ʿҲѪԣȻǳˣһöףͶԷͬھ
Ƭ֮˺ɱ˰ٻ¥һʿ˵ҧ˺
ӣһ˾ʽǹӵȴ̳ǹʣµ˼ǸˣǱߴܣֻǸܵǰһƬǰܲˡ
ǰֻˣֻͳˣ£ǵӵѾ⣬Ҳù⣬ֻǹﻹӵ
ΧײгˣСĨĨϵѪ೤ֵʹģԸҲЩ
Ҳǣ೤Ҳʹģ
ң
һʯǧˣԼЩǹȴôҲ²ȥ֡һ취˭Ըȥ
СҲһ룬¾Ȩɲ
٣̧ͷӵһֻ˵壬󽫴ӵǹڵϣ֮˸ذףһɱСǣȻӴıͱװǣǾֻսıγǵĸ񶷵ǾҲҪ汳
ƺǱѪԸȾСҲǷ׷װγԼذףʵŭ𡣱Щ˾ҪʱͻڵҹͻȻһ⣬ҹգ˲һѷ浱С
˴ƲֵͲһֻǽֻ˲ʧ٣ƺûгֹһ㡣
˶ĿɿڴȻ֪ʲô££
صķ濪ʼ𶯣ͻȻһһصˮȻͬĻľһɵʮ⣬Ȼص£һֻܣֱӱҳ⽴
һ̣ķ϶һǹʱֻеأͬʱѾ˵ͻȻ˺ǡ
ǻŸʲô㵽棬죡
ﾹȻˣ
СǵһӦܿǾͻعȴǱȥϣ˭Ըȥ
Χ˻Ҫ׷ǹɱ
ǹͻȻðһֻۣȻͳҲ˹ʱٴͨǹе޷ͳвŵǹٺãҲɱͳˡ
ʱ򣬷浱Ȼһֱֻۣ׳沼ļ⣬ȫӵеģֱ۵ĴС˵ĴȻҪȦ


ʮ ѣ
Сһ̻Σǿӷгһ޴ӰȻץһһ˸ߵˮݺݵһͳȥ
ˮмǧأһͳΪܣֱӱϣ޴£ͨӵ޷ɱͳԴͬϰֱӱĳһ̯࣬ɵʮ׿⣬صײһǽϣͬһ㡣
һ´ͳ˵һϵĹƤһ֮ɫֲڣЩطйĸͬƤһ㣬֫׳ӣļ߸¡ԴСҹͺͺģ°ȴ󡣹ǿŹļ⣬֪ӵǿ뵽ոշɳȥǸһصˮ壬СǾͷƤ顣
⾿ʲô
̷׷ɱǣһͻȻðĹ˫չɱ
Ƭ̴㵣ǱǼæ˷ķ϶жܣĲһˡ
㣿㻹ûˣСǶǾϲѣвˣȻ֮ǰ¥¥ǸһʯǶǻΪˣû뵽š
Ȼոճɹ˾ҪȫʮĸλԪɹѣոһѺġͿ
˵ǵĶԻҲڶҲͷһν뿴ٻ¥ǼͷһȻһˡ
󣿾Ȼ
аһύѣһӳҲĸ֮˱˽顣Ұ⣬Ϊɥ˺ܾãֻǸʱض˵ʱˣҲ͵ˡȴûĶ飬һ˵кܶź֮һûܱԷ
ϳǼʿоȻ󣬱ʩԮ֡
ոǾɵĿƬĹؾħҲӵһı飬һľߣԲ˶̵ʱͼһ￨Ƭ
ĹؾħҪһŵԪԼѪ֮ǣƿļգһҪǻƬҲҪϵʱ䣬Ҳо߶лѧϰ
ƿļգһԵɺ²ѧϰƬַһʱΪЩƬļտƾտ
ԪΪ֣ڸոյ£ֻСԪҪһԼķٰ˸λԪֻԪƿɹʣԴﵽ˳ɣһɹ
šѪ֮ȴǼķʣеԪѹŵʬ壬˺ģЩѪҪϣҪһšѪ֮ҪλԪֻǼһҲǾֿƬԳɹʲɣ˺üΣǿɹо˵˼Ҳûо˵ı¡
󣬼ĹؾħĿƬɣʵ廯һԪûУֻľʽԼĹɱˡ
ĹؾħȻվҲֻһֻȡʤԼһǹЭĹؾħҲֻ߰˵Ķ֡
˵ӵɱЩˣȻҶ군˵ѯʣûʱᣬԷĸкȴר־ȫȻ˾ȵɫ
ҲɵӣǴӷȥĹ϶йϵԼ⼸˵ҲǶԷȵģʱȻҪæ
Ҳϻзֿһĳ
Ҫô˵˶ڼ˵ļ£ĳ˷׷׵أڲӵͳˣȴĹؾħԸ
Ĺؾħռƣӵǰ޷ٶȣһʱ侹Ȼ˭Ҳκβ˭Ҳǰңһʼ䲻Ƚһڶ̬ĳ˻ɱڱͬʱڶ̬ĳˣǼĹؾħҲŲ˶á
飡
һӵһһ̬ĳɱ̽еĻںĹؾħǸڶ̬ϡߵҪȻǼӲĳףط֯ӵɿԴݻ١
ܿӵĿ֮£ǵڶ̬˵һȱֱӴϣʧȥĹؾħֻ·һˡץסһ¿ס˵ĴȻһͽһһ׳ļ׳泶˳
ֱʱСӷļ϶˳Ȼ˿ͷǱȴǳ˷ܡ
һǰѲ˵ǵõˡĹؾħһֱ붼¡Ȼɱ˳ˣĹؾħҲ˺ۣϵ˿ʮе˿߳¶˹ͷ
Ĺؾħںڰķ֧޾ʹ»֧Ųڡ
˿һûбĳ˺󣬱嵽Ĺؾħǰſָ³һŹֵ
һ̣޴Ĺؾħصһ£һһſƬ䵽
ããֻ𻵣ԪһʱӦþָܻ⿨ѵãôˣҿû˵񻳴䱦һ㣬һſƬСĵغãһĻպñ˿
Ǹ֪ʲô˾Ǿصĳʬ壬Ҳǲ֪˵ʲô
ʱعͷɨһۣҪǣ뿪ӦûдӣҵԼĲӾͰȫˡ
˵ֽ꣬һ߼׳ʬץ𣬿һȥܿҹɫУֻĿɿڴˣҪѯʲôȴѾҲӰ
ѾΪߵӵгʣٶȺͷ񾭣ȻΪƿеԪȴûм٣ֻʮܳȥȥ
һ󻹲ʶԼ˸İˣǣµҲԼϵкܶ࣬Ϊεϼûȫ֪Ͳ˵ˡ
ͷһξһܻȥԺҲȻнһȴǲ֪һһԼ¾ѡΪһ׹ĿƬȻ뵽˼ȵĻҵУԼԪĹ⣬˵ûʲôԱ֮ȷԼס˵


ʮ С
ϼ͸Сӿ˸ѵˣˡʯ׹䣬ǵʧأнǧˣֻԭǵʮ֮һңжôҡ
ҲҪӳǣǼгǵĵ·ˣΪʯ׹䣬ܶ๫·٣߶߲ˣû˸߳ȥҴڳ⻹бȳ˸µĹڣĻ̻̣Ѿ˱ıԵ
˵Сûйļȫ˿̾ȻӵˣӴϿȥȫˡ
Ϊ̫ˣΪһҹ¶޵λö֣Ҳ˲С¶˱ʳˮȻ˰ͱ˵ߡ
鼸ÿСʱᷢ
̾˿ϼȥɳϣʱ֪Լжôˣû˿ҪôϳҪôҲһûסûʳһ紵ݶŸ
뿪ѾˣȴһŶûдϼ˵ǲܵģʵϴ̤ӵһϼľ
ʱŷ֣ԼǿֻڵʱŻаȫС
ϼܺ£һز֣Լƺǳë
ΣϼҲ˵ȻܹǸоԣҪ˵һǾϼ֣ƺ˺ܶ࣬ԽԽУͬڣԺ¥Щ˵Ļ
ɲѰϵΪС÷ǳԷֱԷ˵ݣҪ֪¥ŽգҲܷϣôһ˵ã˵̸ͬʱڼʮ̸ͬʱҼ
ڼ⣬о·ϼҲǰ֡˵ֻҪԸ⣬֮κεķ紵ݶ
֮⣬ϼиĵ飬ԸоԼڲ̣һʱеİ̥ǣһ̥ǣ⼸ҲĪˣϼһֹŹֵо
鷳»ֹЩ賿ʼ˾ͲţҪʳҪǮסǿдҲķŽʵǼǻļһ˼¼ҲҲȥ
ߵʱ˵ĻϼûûпţֻǽʱһֻСţҪһЩʳʱϼǺʵ̫վûסŸ˶ԷһЩɺͺװţ̣Ҳ鷳
أ
ʱһȴϼһæץµľʽСߵǰ͸è
棬վżˣŹŹֵ·ֱۺͲһ첻µزµģ׾Ϳ뵽ֺеåԼϣʵϼµһ㶼ûǾǻ졣
Сôǰ502ŷţȴһЦʵȷ𣿡
һŴͷͷĿһţһߵ磬ңʹԵǼСҪһԵأ϶вٴ˵ֻһŮģͦƯ
Ǹĵ˵Ҳǵ˵ͷʾŵԼߵſڣèۿȥ
è˶ţʲô֪϶ˣеףȴһЦţⲻǸ缸ܵüûɶԵģ⼸춼ˣǼҪгԵģóһЩǱ֤˶ˣ϶Ϊǣ
˵꣬Ƭ̣ûκζ
ƺ֪ȴһֵôţҪˣΪһŵӾͽȥҲΪ˭㣬;ǶԹ˲Ͼˡ㣬ɱҲû˹ܣٲţӾҪˡ
˿ʮֵ⣬СǹܽĳͣˣͶ׹أǰΪѰŹֱץѾƽԺ׼ˡ˭֪˳¼ʱһƬң˭˲˭ˣȻǳ˳
һʼĻܵ׷һӣ˭֪ûʶǧѷĻᡣ
֮⣬һ˷ޱȵ顣
ֳ˹ʱͷԼ˱仯˸С⼸֣ȻԽԽһȭȥשͷ׾ֻ֮Ҫֱ꣬¼Ҫ죬һԾ֮£һСγ
費Ǻ͵ӰЩӢһ
Ϊˣܴӿܳ
һ˷һЩѾûܣֻ˳˵󣬽α֪ˡ
ҵǰļֵܣʼ֯һΪ׵Ż̣ɼƱȻ֮ززȴû뵽ڳƱѾͷֽһȱʳˮǼε£һƬļ죬СվסţаŮʵһԡ
ûзӣǾǿƿһ˼ҵķţԷϳȥǿռӣûгԵľĴȥ˭ҷһٶ
죬ǿһٸǿнٸԼǿռӵʱٸɷһѲ˵ҪƴֻôĶ֣Ǳһ춾
ֳǶЩ£ֻǽʬ͵͵Ѿٴ·׼ȴû룬һûʣǵĵӱԽԽ
Ѿ£ʮˣٲȻһƬСʵʹߡȻֻǳбҵҲ֪ҪøȫһЩҪĶ
ҪյĵһһʳǴңܶȻڼҴ˲ʳΪг˳֣˶Ƿʱ׼ʳСѵ˾нˣȻչ죬ѾֳʳΣ
ʳĴСסǽţѵ˸࣬ȴͼͣϴΪʳ˵ԼʳͻиֻҪи˼ǣǵʵҲԽǿѾΧľ֣Ūǹ
ӶСסﴢصʳͳ֮أ֮ǰѾ˼˼ң޳ٶʱԺǲˣҲ˶ѣҪࡣ
С˵˼˴ʳȻǸ˹


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502ûжһǸŭˣȴǵ磬ǸҪһŪţҷǵǼ졣
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źϼŵЩǹڵϣļֳ棬һʱǷңҲûʧȥ侲֪ʱԲܿš
ʳҪԣС˶֪˭֪ʲôʱܺתֻѹͲٺת
ҲĿɿڴ֪ȴû뵽Ȼһ
⼸¥󳳴֣ȴûһ˸ҳ˵ʲô

˰ɣ绰粻ˣд˵ǱҲʮֻңܴͨ绰Ҳܡ
⼸еͨѶֶζʧˣͨҲ̱˾ӻǿĻˣǾ͵ĹԱҲֻܶڼȴӵϢ
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Ƭ֮ͨèۣϼȻһ󻹸ͬ׶ˣԶһġ
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һ̣۾һɣȴұۼ첲ݺݵڷϡ
һ죬ֱӰȥһ飬ſɢ䣬Եǽ϶˲ƣ˲ˮ顣
ǹֽУǼ¼ģ羹ȻͣȴǾصĸɡ
ϼźǹָŰݵķţѪɫѾʼɣԼǹҲȫסһ׼Ĵͽ
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͸ҿķ϶ϵȷǰŲʳȻźһŮ˵ĽţиǳԶҡ
ǷţڣѾҵŤεķűҿһӳӡ

ϻСʱһСΧСȫһȫˣ˴ûģ̵ֱ㱨ֽ·ڵϣԭ̻ݵأѾйһɢһ
ֳֻ֣ңֱһΪĩջ档
̾˿һԼγЩеһԱÿ쾪ޱȣ֪ʲôʱйɱ
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Ҫ֪ڿľߣһȭȥ˲䱬Գһٹٶȼ죬ǻ쵶û̹ͱȭͷš
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Ҳû⼸Сӱٳ嵽¥ǰһĻ˲ȼŭ


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˲䣬˾һȻ䣬Ѿһʮֳĳ
ǹڱûӵƵòţʱȡֳ
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һոջͷͱһȭڶϣ˲ļһ͵زӹţʹ಻ѡ
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֪죬ǵһλ߾ͻᵮȻһһѵԼҲ˵ܶѾʼ̤Ͼߵĵ·ǸǻͷĿˣ֮һ
ڵһ쵹صʱϼͿˣֻ˿챻ţֻطʱרעڶԸЩͽٶȼ죬ռֻ֣Ƭ̣߸˵УѾĸɱֶһ
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ڣһӲѾһʬ塣


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ڵ̯ӣԼ뷨ʰ
ʱԹϿ൱侲ΣȻʣǸԼ鷳ܶŹûܣɱˣһ漰ǹеľӾԲһֻ۱һֻۣǱȻȡж
ǰȻԼû˻̽˭˭֮ǰʯ;һʱңȵǻع϶Ҫȶ档˭Ȩ֪ԺҪԡ
⣬;϶һر¼չжȻҲ֮׼ġ
뿼ץԼĺ
ԼѾָλԪһ·ԪռҲռһλԪλԪҲһЩĿƬ
뿪䣬Ȼ뿪ûڷ絲סҲܱܿ鷳Ψһ鷳δһӵʡ
еĻƬУΪҪĲԪҲѪ⿨֮ĲϿǡʳ￨
Ȼʳ￨Դʳƿķͼպ󣬿Ԫʳ￨Ƭʮ棬ʵϣʳ￨ƬһЩ׶˵ģ翨Ƭʳǳ
һԪתתḶ́ʳɿҪʱٽƬʳĿǰʳ￨ֻʮּ򵥵֣ˮ
˵ֱһЩʲôɽ亣ζǼ߲˻Ǳʲôֻܱ͵ʳ￨ƬǴֿ⣬ֻһ֮Ļתһ˵һЩ߼ߣǿԵԪƾʳ￨ȴһ㣬ҲֻǴ˵ʲôֻҪԪʳ;Բȱ
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ˮֿƬλԪҲֻܽһʳתֿƬ
ȵǸѾſƬ
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ˮˮԴˮṩˮ֣ȡ400ˮ
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ʣµʣûˣֻʱϼҲǴ߳üͱȴ̲³Ҫʲô
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һͻ뵽ǰδеĻҵУʲô׼ʲôλְλ¶Ϊʾ֭
˿ڰ칫ǰϰǹΪһ죬ڵĴЩһҪ˲١
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ǽϢϱܿ죬սͬʮȫװʿ˹ӵһλξҪ̴ȥµص㣬ץɱߡ
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ǣʿ̵ǻǱһмǱһ̬˵Ĵɱһ˵̫Ѩֱ˲¥µǸߣĿ߽Ǳһȭ
ʲôξһ㶣ԾԭΪЩǱһֻҪܹһЩѵµʿҲҲΪ֮ΪԷʹõ

ƽôֶ˵ĿֲЩı˭ȻҲ֪ǳӲǼΪҪӹֱӿԵɱʹá
ⶫֻϳɱ˲ܵõһסڰȫƽ񣬾δϳõģ
ҲһԣͻȻ뵽ǰ¥·ˮǱ˵¼ʱʹɱ˳ˣǳʬϵĴҲȷǱȡˣܿͬһġ


ڶʮ Ϳ
ߵݺܿͱˣһ̾ĺڶͷҲ֮һ
СԼĪһƵڣǾʱָһƬȫķ
ι˿̱ضɲһԣǸѲ˿ͬ߸һվһɫϾЩнվں档ҲţĿǰǾǿѳһУЩֻƤӺͱʸӵĹԱ˵ãȫκ飬۴СɱȨھ
ҲŸɵľ죬ΪйģҲõ˲չˣȻҲܵãάһСΰ
ʮǰǸϱǰλιų߲û̱̬ڿʲô
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ǵıĸȫȫ֮⣬԰ƵĳԼֲĹǰƿ˵ΪϾĸȫȴۼǳ֮һ񣬿˵ȫΪ£һԱʦıҪάҲ췽ҹ̷͸˵ѾһˡҪְȫľԿƣܳһ˿һӣͱʩչѪνص䣬ųȻȫץǸǹӣһҲɱӺ
ιʱͻȻͣȴʲôǸͻȻ㻹ǵʦ´𣿡
ҲɫŹ֣ǵã
ΣûпᵽӵǱʵˣι
ƿص鱨а˳ɵĿԣ˲ܻóҲ˵֮ǰڸĿ߿˶һ˻ɱһֻˮֵĳˡͬһˣٽһζԷһ˻ɱ˵ԵȷǺܴ󣡡룬һֿ϶˵
ιʱŵ˵ͷվӵãȻˣͰʦȥ˰ɣ
ǣ뿪һʼһͷˮҲֻܸ뿪ոų˵ȥҡˣȥץˡ
Ҫֿ֪֮ģƺҲԸ˵ҲֻɻĻȥ

ڵǣһĸȫÿһȫӿ˴񣬶ϰˣٵҲʮˡ
ʱ򣬲ֳʲôڰȫӵס۱󲿷ˣֻǾסھʱıֻ¶޽ͷؽֵͱҿţʱס
˵סĵطǻǿͣǳԷȴһ㶼ûн͵أôÿʳļֱһֲ֣Ҳһʼ󲿷˶һЩʳάһʱ䣬ʱˣͻټΪµʳΣ
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ΪʳȫӲͨѾʳҲǼӰæΪʳļֵͻǣûʲô򣬾һЩˮʳδһС⵽ŵķ䡣
һһϷ򸾣Ǽһ׷ǸңȴϼֻҪÿ֧һϷƿˮɡ
ڰȫûûˮҲûúдװ棬ҲɿʳõʳһЩͷʵڡ
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ڴƬ̣ȥ˯ţΪı׷ֻΪ⼸쾭̫࣬Ҫúһͷ
Ȼ˯ţĿǰеĿƬȡ˳
ȱǡĹؾħ˵õļֵϸߵĿƬΪսֻǸԼṩӳ֣ǲѡ
ǡζ͡ˮƷҪȻԶ
ſƬһſƬ
һſƬȴѵʱ򣬻õġͿκξھѵʱ򶼻ôһšͿȻʲôƬȫһѷ˸²žѣõͿֻһװ컯ϬţƤסãҲˡ
һõһͿȴ˷ܲѡ
εˣһ׿ޡε˴ĳֽ׵ʱҪĵܲ𡣴⣬μǴ˿ƬֻʹһΣֻʮʹã
ʣҲͷһμֿƬ
Ƭϵͼһŷ·СߣޱȻļһһ޴ĲȻ涨ȻװźܶණһߣͦؽֽƷС
ȻûֿƬȴû˵һȷ˵ֿƬֻΪ̫ϡ٣ܶ˶ΪֻǴԡͬƬдģһſƬҪκδۣصǾ߿ԼƬٻεˡȻεġƷ
ʲôȻǰװ˷һſƬ
ԷʲôƷδ֪ģɼˣҲǼΪ˷ܣסھͼƬͷȴܽ󻯡
ͬһǮȻ򵽸ߵûǮֻ̼Ĵε۵ĶǺöôҪģǡǮ


ڶʮһ ܿƻһ
νġǮȻָңָԪԪƬרŵĶ壬ֻƬֱΪԪԪˮԪԪҲ确Ѫ⿨෱ĲϿ
ЩǼֿƬƬԽƬУЩƬͻңԹһ衣
ʮʱܵĻܻƬȻ󼤻εˡԼʲôĶ
һγΪǿߵĻᣬȻŹ
ʱ򣬷ϼ㻹û˯ɣ

Ŷ΢ϼץ۵С֣ĿϸӦһ£ȻϲȻҾ֪
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֮ǰ¸ϼĴܴҲǳʶڵ磬ͬ˵ģһΣ᳹ϴƣй򶼽ƣУֻо߲ӵлȨ
ϼ˵ļ硣Ϊߣĺȣθոҵ֮ǼææҪûгΪߵǱܡ
֮ǰʵҲǼΪ
ⲻ֪˿̱Ҫ⼸棬Ҳÿϸ۲ϼı仯һȴǷ֣ϼǱʾȻ൱ĸߣ⼸оǱʵУǱõһ
ϼڣȻѾλԪ
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ͷϼȴЩţԼû˵֡Ǳǰ˿ʵҾûǱ㵹˵
һҪȴǿ̫һ̧ͷ˵һһ𣬱˴˵ĺܸо
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ڵ㣬ѾǰҪǿˣĿǰյԪٶȺͷӦѾһǿ׳޼ҪһЩҲû취ŮˣͲˡ֮Ǿûʲôˡ˵
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һңϼǸԴһ߳˷ţͷϻҲûжʣֻǶСġ
Ȼֻʶһʱ䣬ĩ£ǺȴǳĽһΡ
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ߵһڣϼȻ˶ʮӣվ̨ᳵ·ߵ˳ڣѾڡ
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ߵǸѷǰŤͷ˿ϼڣֻҪҾͺã


ڶʮ 
ʮʱ䣬ϼ飬һֱڰȫܱߵĵشϼȻǾԪڵԪѾﵽʮ˸λѣҲֻλԪ
ջֻ࣬ҪһϣͿԽɵĶʮĸλԪֻһѣҪټߵĵȼȴôˣ˿ɵԪǶʮĸÿ죬ڵԪšԪһЩѪ֮Լ确֮ĿƬ
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ʮʱϼҲһ֮ǰĻƿ𽥿˷־Ѿ԰ɱˣʮ֮ڣٿǹṩԶ̻֧֣ڽ죬ֻ˾ϼ¡
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棬ĹؾħǸߴ棬εͼһЩ˺ʹë
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һҲֻ˶ߵĳ̶ȣҪȼԪУҪһֻ֡£ûôԶ
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һſԷſƬġᡯһżԳһӶԵֵѻǹӵġԪ֡һšɳ塯ͻʮŵԪʣµŵԪѾʲô򲻵ˡ
ʮ죬ֻſƬĽûоò㣬Ҫ֪ܶ߶ûֻᡣĴȫʮѵҲֻҾѾѵ࣬ҲֻܶڰȫֻоʱõһͿѡ
״֮СȡʮŵԪʱһķ˵ذ嵱УֻƬ̾ûӰ
ˣһԵϼͻȻðһ䣬ǺһЦ㻹ˣɫѾˣȥɣ
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ǰľȴᣬ˺Ϊޣ޷ֹ˿̣Ѿ嵽˾߲׵ľ룬ʿǹеäĿţȻҲ֪ڵµľˣôܻᱻͨӵˣ
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ǰѾǷǳΣѰǿĵ߿ھĻڲܶʯ˺°ȫﲢûľ̹ԴĻڣ䣬ҶĿ꣬޷Ч˺
˴밲ȫ˵ҲһѡĵΨһǣһͻش̡ܲܶ˺


ڶʮ 
ʱһдֵܲľʻӳ͵߸ˣЩѾʿЩˣ̳һ˿ɧ
ܲСӵľߣ
̫ˣ˵ֵܵסǸ
ĴҲвˬ
ҿδأôܲЩ˵治֪ʲô˲ģ˵ôһ첲ȣһʿ˵һĲм
ͨʿУЩӵ޷󼰵ĵλסŸõסһӪḻʳڷݽȱʳȱİȫϲ˵ǰһЩԱ޷Ĵ
Ȼۺ˲ǱƵҲٲƽ⡣
ԼսѵСֹһʿȴֹ˶Էֻǧ˵յһߣûߵˣ֪ܲΪʲôôˣ
ͬʱһУľټæӭȥ񣬻û˵ͱһֹ
Ҫˣ½裬ǸͷŷһűƬҲˣھõʱ򣬾һҵͷſƬǵʿ̼лǸˣ
˵һʮˣ㣬͸¶һּΪǿУ̵ͷȥš
ٿǸ߳һͷˣȻ˿е½衣ȻһԸǾ޴ľѾ˾߲׵ľ룬ͬһһȡһſƬ
ھߣڿƬĴţڰȫѾˣƬ˲ࡣ
ͼ½¶һһɫһŹֵڣһ̣еĿƬһ⣬Լٶȷȥһ̣鷢ˣ˫ŴȻǳһӰǣžˣþ˵ٶ
ٻһĻһָǰļʧ١
ϼǵһμʩչַȴһ˷ܵǸ˵Ϳ𣿡
˵ͷӦǣͿһԣǲҪκͷģͷţٻþӼлڹֹ˽밲ȫ
ȻϣһǽԴϲ
˿ǧѷĻᣬôܴǾٶ˲䣬е̹ˣ翸ǹей
ٻľ˸޷ܣյȫգֻ˲ͱڵըŨ̺ͻ֣Χ鵹ĽͿԿһǿ
ǹˣˣһڵ޷ͬʱֵʮڵĹһǰߵʿյĵаγҧ˵
ڻ£κ˶Ѫڣоǿƺûʲôֵܵһ
ضһ²𶯣̵ζʮִ̱ǡ
ɵ𣿡ֳָӵһУʵԶ۲ľԱһʱ޷ش⡣
ܿ죬Աͷһһ̣һðŨ̺ͻӰ˳Ǹոյľˣܵ˿ֲĹȻûбɱ
Ҳǳصģϴ˿ҲǶ˺ܶ˿ڣޱȵʯƤ˿Ҳը˺ܶȱڣѪܣеĵط¶˹ͷ
ȻûҲˣֻ⳹׼ŭһŭľֻл
û˳ٻЧŭľ˿ٳ˹Χķھǰֽͬһ㣬˲ͱͻƣܵʿֱӱʯ˲ڽ¡
ȫķڻǱˣȥʮ˶ûйƵһߣһ˾ͱˡ
ѾʧأʿäĿţЩʱټԤʿŵȥһ̹˸ոշͱʯ˺ݺƷڵϣʯȻһԾһսݺݲڽ¡
̵Ĳսǿĳ˲ΣʿȻҲȫʯ˳Ʒ߲һӣһߵս
ǹеӵʱѾûκô
ʯڣ񺣣ĿƬûãʱҲҴˣȫˣ˭ˣߵǸʱȡһſƬ󼤻ͼƬһһоȻǳģŹֵǹ
ǹ⿴ǹܾ֪רɱģͨ˴һǹ󶼻ˡһһѣǹȴûһ⡣
˼Ϊ׼ĶǱڵƿ˿ڣÿһǹʯϱһѪʯ˲Ǵ˺˵ͬҲҪǹɵʯˣʱ䣬ԼлʹÿƬ
ͼ˶ǰһȡһſƬ
ȺҳʯڵԾ߼ƬеĿƬ̻һŶȺӿʯ˶ҧ
ߣ񺣵ĿƬٻһ·һսʿֱֳǹͷͼڵߣͭɫƤͿŸϣһ־ԼٶȳǰȥԴ˶ҩıǹͶ˳ȥ
ǹ֮ȻǱһˣ˿ھѻǹֻƬ̣ʯϱը¶ѪĲλͱ̱ǹ
һĿƬһۿɼ棬ϣǰһƣһž޴ģɢųĻ
Զ¥ϿһĻҲǳһߵǼãȻõˡ綾Ⱥ߲ìսʿֿ͡ƬһƬֿƬѾǼΪˡ
ΪͿЩƬͷŲҪκδۣȴǰڷӾ޴á뵽ԼһͿԻſƬЩȻˡ
˵ֵܵסʯ𣿡ϼʱʵɫ˵ǡ
ǶӦÿԵֵʯûжԸֹľ飬Եסҡҡͷʮֿ϶˵ȴת׼¥ȥͬʱϼȶȫҲͲȥˡ


ڶʮ ɳش
ȫһѾݣѪܵʬŤεװ׳ڵһߺ˵ڶߣֻǸոӻȥʿ֪ĵڶ߸סǸµľˡ
һƵڶߣôȫˡ
˿赲Ǹֲ˹ֻʣһıֱܲĵСӡ
ӵڶߵǸУٴ˿ɫ԰ףһץסһԵͨѶԱŵܲԮʲôʱ򵽣ٲˣ
ųܲ˵ȫߺͱͬʱ⵽˵Ľû㹻ԮһСӺ͵ڶСҲڷϵֵˣܳͨѶԱһǻ˵
ˣȥĳˣֻҪͿԵֵܲܵǾ˹ĹٲԮ߾ͻǳʮξܲģԺܲ˵УųһѳͨѶ
ڶȫװǧʿʮ̹ˣȴûһ㰲ȫУ⣬Ǿ޴Ӱͬجһ㣬ÿһλȭÿһκжǵݺݳ鶯
˿̣ǣģֻвһʿԼСӡ
õģȴǺߡ
ӵг˵ٶȺͨʿǿ̫࣬ÿƬ
ˣҲ޷ֵʯ˵ĽŲ
СӵĶӳǸֳ˫ǹ˴˿Ҳ£ʯڣ񺣣Ҳɫѿ
ȺĹʯ˸κã߲ìսʿոҲһʯһȭҳ⽴󣬵ҲֻըһЩмʵԵ˺
ӳ˹̫ǿˣǸֵܵ˵ǵСӣǵһ͵ڶСӶˣҲ赲˵Ǹֵһᣬɣٲȫ񺣿ԼĶ߲ìսʿ˻ɱѾŵľ
ƨ񺣣ܣ¼ҹһȻ˭ںŮѻڰȫˣô죿ĸĸҲڣ㲻ҲܰɣʯڲĳǹţȻ֪ûʲôãɲϿ۶
ûǾԲȥһˮȴ㣬һǹյĵ»ϣΨһһŷѾʹˣֻܽٶǹμǡ
ɫһ䣬û˵ȴһʼʹÿƬǸ½ߣС½裬ʲôѵҲԸЩһ֪ûǣһôƾԴȫʱܻ÷ˮ𡣡
ǽ½ȻԥС
ʱһ߱ʯ׳кУ̱һ̯Ѫģࡣ
Сԭ߸ߣֻʣ
ǿ˿ɫ԰ףΪСӵĶӳȴ֪ǲ赲˹Ȼӵг˵ھ֮ǰͨˣļԡ
Լ֮ǰҲһѧʦѷʮ죬Ϊ˵СӵĶӳ
ͿǡԪǹһֿԽԪӳӵϵ󣬾ǵڶ̬ĳˣһǹҲܸɵˣѾ˳ʮӵ˼ŭ֮ûһЧ
ԪӵҲǼΪıԪڶʮĸλԪѾĹˡ
̰˵Ļûдǵȷֵסˣٲľͻȫ
뵽ԼŮڰȫǿ֪ԼԲ
ǿǵˣ̳ڶߣ
ǿֻܼϣڵڶˣʿһѾ֧ܲԮһСӺ͵ڶСӶϾڻ𣬻Եֵˡ
ҲΨһĻᣬǲУôһӵаʮİȫͻ˼Ҫ֪ﲢֻ˹гˣо޴ֲĹ
û˿ƬҲֻǱͨǿһЩ˶ѡ
ǿ˵óˣ񺣺½תܣʯںҲˣҲʯͷŵġ綾ȺȻ޷ʯʲô˺ٿһ
ǼܹһСڵʱ˭ûע⵽Сڵһװ׳棬һӰ
һ˫۾ʯˣȴü״̬ʯˣǧѷĻᣬڵȻ޷ɱȴƿʯƤܽɱǽеĿƬʹҲֵˣ
ӰȻӼǰͶעһزԳƵɱûߣΪ뿪ȫϼҪгʮ幫ſܵһȫ鷳ǣѾˡ
ҹһ˳ȥҲﵽ߳ϣ͸˵ټϻûоѵϼˣ򲻵ѣȫ
ԣֹʯ˾ͳǰΨһѡ񡣳֮⣬ǳĻɱʯˣôԼüΪĻر
ʯΪ϶ǱЩʯƤ˹⣬ѪҺǼֵǣԻһơ
νʯûˣôܻܿʯ˺״̬ðһԡ
˿ſƣԪ֡ɳ塯ͻش̡֮⣬ﻹͷֿƵĵԪֻҪԸ⣬ʱͷšڵȴһᣬһԽԼͿƵöӵĻᡣ
ʯһһҲԼеļʱȻԾԶ¥ϵϼҲ񾭽ţסҳ
֪Ҫȥѻʯ˵ʱŻˣȻʱֹѾˡ
ʮףףס
صĵطѾʯ˷ĿֲϢԼѪҺ졣
ڣ
˫ͫȻһȴ˲ԾͬʱƬɳ塯̱
ʯ˵ķӦҲǼ죬Ծʱˣֻով޴ȭͷ͵һġ
ͼĽ£ȻƾճһƬɳأ˿ʯ˵˫ѾȥԽٶԽ죬ֻƬʯϥ¾Ѿûɳ嵱С
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̻ʱ׼ͷиɻӲĹǴ˲ʯ˵ۿУֱûһ࣬һѪӿ

һǰδŭ𣬵ڶϵʿѾܵ·ǿҲһͷһǿ޷ŵһĻ
ٿγһմѪҺĹǴ̣ո䵽ϣʯ˾;޴˫ȭݺݵҪҴԼ۾ļһҳ⽴
һеʿǿЩߣʶΪǸˡ
ʯ˾޴ȭͷҪʱȻеġͻش̡Ƭɳϡ


ڶʮ ﳬֵ
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Ȼƻϲϱ仯ͽƬԪ֡˿̼
Ԫֵոֵȫ뼫ŭʹеʯ˱Ȼְɨһ£˲ֻӣ㱻ɨУͬڵһײǽڣһԵĽڡ
۱˺壬ʯ˷һݳΧ֮нĲ˲飬ȫ˶ˣֲĺУÿ˶ǱķϣǧƵĳ˺ͷزҲŭ壬ԭ͹ĳ˾Ȼͬˮһ㿪ʼȥ
ô£ָӹٿһĻʵ
Ȼûܻش
ȫߣʿ˫Ŷ䣬ֵĿԶʯˣ߶ϱ֮ý񱩵ڼھͲһ˲ߵĴ¥ýеһֻɨ˰ȫһۣȻǳԤϵתȥ
ԭˣֱϹһֻۣǶۣȫܱ̹ܿһ͸ɵˡ
ʯΪӵв׵ǻۣȻ
ǵѡ˳롣
ʿǾǣ׷ǱʯˣҲֵܵġ
ԶȥĸߴӰ˶˿˭֪ǸոǸˣȫڿѾˡ
ӳüȶӸϹȥȥȸոǸˡȷӦæ˵Ǹղŵˣڰȫĸĸ¶һ١
ûõģǼһ˭ˣҪ֪Ǽһʯ˵һѾˣʱ˵һȻֻٰۣ˭֪û˵
ʯ˵һǺɨװײսҲǻŤɨϵĺ֪
ô˶ӢۣǹȥɣǿûнмȶӣȻҲ֪ô󣬶Ҳ˭ʲôĿģΪȫǸֲľˣǴһ
ֻǾ׼ϹȥʱͻȻһĽڣԾһӰ߻Ѫڣϵĳ˼׿Ƕòӣֻϡͼ˷˳һ̾ϢȻ첽ߵһ׶೤ľ޴˶ϱǰһŹڡ
ͨǾȴС
һ䡰
̼䣬޴ĶϱһУһſƬһץ˿ܼ˲һԵķ档
̲ʱ䣬ȵǿȾߺһʿʱΧû˵ټ
ֳʱһֹŹֵյС
ô汻ʯɨһƣȻûǼһѵҲǹ𣿡񺣴еȻǰ¡
ʯˣȫ𣿡Ը𱬵ʯڶʱһ䣬翴̰񺣲ˡ
ʯڣǹǲǣҲåԸ񣬵˵
ۿ˾Ҫǿʱվ˳ֹ˵̡
ˣ˶Ըʯ˵ֶɺһ˿ƬӦǰȫľߣҪ֪ȫвپ߻ûмľСӣ˿ܾ֮һ۲ǶõģԿƬоҲ˵˵ɡ
ΪСΨһŮԣȴŮеϸ壬Ƭ̣ҿԶ϶ҲǺһľߣұǶ￨ƬǶԿƬ̫ࡣոԸʯˣٶֿƬֱǿɳݽĸƬ˲̴ʯֱ۲ҽ˺ĹƬУǿԵʯһιķƬ
û˵ֽֿ꣬ƬЦ𣿾֪ϵһ͵ڶСӣǣгһſƬģֻеһСӵĸһһ￨Ϊˣȫһ˵λá˵ģոǶȸҪôܣ
ȷʯˣҽˣǸҲһ㣡һȴǾ
񺣷˷ۣȴҲ벻ɣһʲôСѾͷƬӣú˵
˿̵ȴǺͳ¥ϼغϣ֮ǰţԪֺͳ˼׿ǣֻסһʱȴҲ޷ֱ֣˹ȥϼŵʱֻ֪Լ⣬ȴǱһΪصСذȫصסķӡ
ԴүԴӼСʱǰĵϼŵѪɫԴүƺһЩ棬ʱǿס侲ϼݣȻ˿ڣ·
ãֻǶ߹ǣЩλһЩƤˣԾߵʣֻҪúϢͿԻָ
ڵڶģ֪ԼǱϼĺǺһЦȴʲôû˵
һΣϼڣΣˣлĺôһһһˣôȻصޡ
ޱȵĿƬȴûܻɱʯˣˣһǿˣʵϲˡ
˵ʯˣ˰ȫ£˵õĺôѾ˸
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һô󣬱󿨻Ǹʯ˵Ķϱۡ
пȡ֮ѪƤϣһЩƬرĶĹ㣬һϱٿȡ5ž֮Ѫ1ž˹2ž֮Ƥ
⼸ֿƬļֵԶԶ֮ǰĵſƬҲֵԭȻʼĴǻɱǸ˵ʯˣʬ壬ֻȻǿ󲢷ֻ˵˵ѣһռƣ͵ϮҲһˣһϱ۵ջѾոˡ
ļֻʣһ￨Ĺؾħһš˶ϱۡϿľһЩѪ⿨ζˮˡ
ԪѾĸ⣬ҪܣҪڴϾкܶʱԪ
Դ˺ϼͷ·һ˰㣬ֵĺȻͬŮԵȻ޴棬ÿһ֮ʱǲ֪٣ֱŻ
ʵϼܵ˺ܴĴ̼һֱ𣬴ʼգڱûԻڡһξ֮սȻ˿ﲻæֻһԿšϼ뷨УԼǿһЩǸʱǾߣ˵Ͳôصˡ


ڶʮ ϼ
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˵ʵȻҲ⼸ϼûûй⡣ԼͷԴ
⼸ԴһС֪һЩƬԼһЩƬԴЩĲƸ
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ۼɫϼȴǻûлˣҪ֪ʱϼͻˡ
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ôң˵һҵģΣտô죿Դ⼸պϼҲǼã˿Ҳһġ
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ʳƷŵÿ췢ŵһСϡԣԻã˷θյֻθƵļУǾ޷ָоġ
ڽ֮ǰĴ֮꣬˶Ӷʳ˼£˵Ϊӣʲô¶
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ʱڣŮ廻ʳѾǼΪձˣЩ޼ҿɹֶУзסģֵȥͽᡣ
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ųʳƷȡĶһȦһȦչмֻҪгԵģסģǾǴүԵõ֮ǰ붼벻ܣòªؤֻҪԸṩһٱҲŮͶͱ
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˲һϲ֣ʲô£ܶŹɱˣڰȫҲʲôϡ£ҲûҪȥ߹ȥʱȺһȴͣ˽Ų
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ҲһȻǽŮΧסȴǲóȻǰ
ڵûȫŪǵŵӦϼ˵ģҴ˿̴ϼϣɢһʮʡ
ʺ֮ǰĽȻͬʱŷ֣ϼһֻԼץһſƬٽϵϢȻðһͷ
ϼˣ


ڶʮ 
һߣǲ¶Ϣһǲᱻ˿ġͬԼ˿̻ȺУûΪǼǰʯ˵ǸӢۣȻ⼸˲Ҳ֪ǰԼһսѾ˰ȫȵĻ⡣
ٿϼȷˣֻʲôʱѵģôֻʲôϻģ
ٿϼǸˣôô죬ֻһʱ벻Ķ
ΧкܶΧۿ֣ĶǰδеѣҲǺѸı䣬ܿʹһĵϸ
Դѷ󣬸ǶӵȫǸʱǱȺѣͬµȹϵŽһһʼ۸ģγһ֯
һ˵ǴϳӳʮˣƽŽģ۸˾һͷһƬҲ˲֪˵ˣСĳҲ֮٣ûпɽŽᣬ֪ôġ
ǰô£
˱˵ǸŮĳԱƺ͵˰Ķ׼˽̣ʱŮ˲֪ܳˣһˡ
˵ˣСӶʱ϶һٶܹܱ԰ԴĽĸ̾һ䣬ȴǲĹһֻǽսһ
ŪȥʱҲϳǸϼµˣȻѷ죬ϼȥҽԺǸ⳵˾硣
ҲԲʵ˿̫Ǳ·ò˵ϻһƬ˶ϵó˵Լˡ
ʣϼķصһ룬Լ϶Ҳ˭ʱԹۣҲˡ
ûȥæҲûдȰϼΪ¶ܲ˽˸ֵΣΪϼѵõƷʣŻô
£翴ʲô
ûһԶȻǺܹʮˡ
ЩҲŸֵߣ·ֵ˿Ҳÿ֮ǰϼ˵Ǹ˼״¶ϲɫȴǼæӭȥ
ϴ󣬾ǻǵ£ָϼһŴͷԼĪʮһ׳꺺ӹ˵
Ҳɫһǿһϼֳ˳ϰ£ȴǵȽС̧첲ˣ
̣߳ˣֱǸ۶ϸ첲ˣ̧ߡ
ǽϴȻվϼ˹֣СԸΪϹͷ϶ʶȻˣҽҲΪǣ˭ףһŮܰСҲ򵥣Ǵ촰˵ɣ׼ʳĶҪôѶҪô㹻ʳȻǾƴҲҪŪҽۿԱ֤СͷҲס
˵꣬⽭ϴ֣ʱӴӻͳһǹ
ǹΧ۵˲ˣʼ󳷣ϼҲɫһ䣬û·洩ų˼׿ǣ׿Ǳĵطӵ˵Ĺˡ
⽭ϴҲǲŪ˽취ϼŤͷ磬Ѷǰɣһ²һ£ܱסҪġ
ʵǹɵˣҲǶˣԲ͵˶׼һЩԵģܳûþͱ׷һٱǡϼǽˡ
ϴ󶼾ˣԷǹǻڵóҲˣʱæͷ߶´ӻȡһòĶȻС򿪣ȡĶ
Ⱥе£Բòϼô˿;ѣһǿԵ
ʱǹӻȡĶȴɫ䣬һǺԥһ̤嵽ǹϼǰ־ͽǸץ
˵δߵʰʮ׾˲͸ϵͻȻ֣˶һ
ǹ絨ӱͲʱ۵ĹֽһһƨڵϣһϼϾովѣȻֻǵӦ󣬲ŷͻȻֵ
ʾʲôҪʣʲôҪ˵ȴǿ˶潭ϴһˡ
ҲĿɿڴ˭뵽·ɱҶԷĶҲ̫ˣǹЩǹ
ŽϴԼƽ͵ⶫҪˣǿۣٶУ
˵ʵٶǳçײȴǲòˣ̫ˣڸġ


ʮ 
ȻҪˣΪϹȡǸȻһδĿ
˻֪ʲô֪ⶫļֵԲڡ˶ϱֽۡ׶μֵҪߡ
ҲǺͿƬһֻǳֵļʼСУǿԴһЩƬõⶫϡ
δĿڴ򿪵ʱ򣬻ſƬҲ˵ʲôƬȫǿƴĿƬװ￨˵ܿƷʵĿƬȻֻʲߡ
ôԿſƬͨĿƬڵ˵Ҳһʾ޴ĲƸ
ⶫŪ֣ϧһдۣѾˣʲôӲҪֻԼǶҲҪᵽ֡
ʵϣ˴˿Ҳϰ£ǽϴ󣬸ջ𡣱һµŮˣ͹ķˣΪŮƺǴСѡǱˣŸԷһ㣬˵ԺõŶԷʱ
ȴû뵽ҪԲʱɱҧ𣬶ſھҪԼǸ
Ǹֵδ˿һĶһԱӳʱҵģйŹֵ·ΪأϴǲֹһεŴ򿪿ȴǷⶫȻ򲻿
ˣǻˮͣƻⶫֺϴʶȻһ˲õı
Ȼǲֻ֪о߲ܴ򿪿ϴһֱţֻǶûгԱѾòˣԴ˱ⶫЩԵģȴû뵽Ϲ͵ߣԲǰ¡
Ҫ˵ϴҲǼˣԭһ˾ܣģһѣӦůĺ§ģȼ١
һϲʿȻǵĶ֮еԷոջ﾿м٣ȷǣǰ˱Ů˻ǣǰԼЩܵľ¡
뵽ҪֵĶ˭һȻԷϸҪԼݼۡ
뵽ϴ촽óҵ̸ʱǣȴſָףⶫ͹ˣ
Χֵһǵһ⽭ϴ󹻺ڰףҲ˵ڣҪ֪ʱͬգ׿ɲСĿ˷ˣʮȫܳԵĶԹˣֲȡʳƣ춼˶Ͼаʮ죬һЩʱҲĹˡ
ǴʳĴֿⶼҲǵԭ֮һ
Ȼüͷһ壬û̻شΧ۵ף˿϶ӦϾʳӦǲĳɵˡ
ôҲó׵ˡ
ϴһҲ֪ԼЩļƺҲеʨӴ󿪿ˣ˵ԼһЩȴû뵽ͻȻ˵ûдףһʮʮƿˮͬ⣬ҿϸǡ
˲ʱ䣬ֳһƬžС
Ҳ֪˭ĶӲˡ࡯һ
ֱֿʳõĶʮǰڰȫˣ⼸ǳԵľϡǾڡݳƷûˮûޣ۶
ϴҲǴһ˵ܳʱ䴢棬ȴǿֱʳãҪǣȡһЩʡ
ǹӵڰȫĵλֻ١ˮǸǱزȱĶ
ʣһʮֻ㣬ֻϴ˱ԣȴǻȡһЩôֻմ㿪ڣȴǿĺ⡣
Уһɱ
ԭ˵ĻϴӲĸ˻ȥʱ̸ϣûйƽԡԷոھԼҪôߡ
ϴпһ㺬塣
ǱǼԼͬһʽףԷҲܽǸֵĿȻԼǹǶԷƺ£ϴʮֹŹЩƵĴԼ˿ǹɱǰˣԷԥɱԼһȺˡ
գϴѡԼŹֱֵ˵ͷãҾͽѣɽ
΢֪һܵԵĿһʮ׺ʮƿˮѾ൱ˡ
Ҳ˵ŤͷϼȻȥңȥȥ
ϼ˽ûаյǲģʮֹɵĵ˵ͷھӹ뿪
ϼȻ뿪ŴŽϴˣ˽ֱߵһ
һʽף֪Լ׬⣬ļֵ˵һʮٶʮֵãʳ￨ǿûˡ
Ȼֱӽʳ￨ϴ󣬱ҪҸطƬʵ廯Сܿ죬ҵһɣȻڽϴɻ˽ȥ
ȻҲǣǲ׼ֱ߽ȥϴһʱչС磬˵Сӻƭǰɣ֪ʲôûУҲܴôණ
ϴҲֹֻһڣĵ类ˣƽռݵһסأĲȻ൱
סſڣǿ׼ˣʲôУϴ룬ݺݵ˵ȻҲŶԷֱܿһʮԼôˣˣҲ̫ˡ
ȥûӾͳˣȴǳŽϴ֣һɻ󣬴˽ȥ֮ȴǱǰһĻˡ
һϣִģɢһǳζĿζͬոճ¯һԱߣһƿװˮ
ȻͽϴЩôģ˿Ȳȥ⿨׼뿪ʱȴ뵽ʲôͷ˵һ䣺һʮʮƿˮˣǻңֻǸոǸŮ鷳ǾͱҲˣ
˵꣬һȭһʵľϣһ죬ӾȻǺȻ飬Ŷϴ¸
ֱ뿪ϴǲŷӦ
ϴʱæ߹ȥץһ黹ζȻԥ˺һ
ģǼһ﾿ôģϴͬһ㣬ȻѾĳʶⷶΧ
ϾǸȴԷʱľ棬ϽԼµǴȥԲҪǸոǸˣһҪһͽס˭軵ӵ£Ӱȥιˡ


ʮһ 
صסʱϼѾǹס̨ˣҲû취£ѾˣҲֻ̨һյء
ֽҲǸ֪ǰܾ߰ţһ㶫Ѿ˯ȥ
ԴүʹҲĻ˯ּһˣڲû˵ʲô
ܿ죬ֻʣϼ
кܶҪϼȴǽԼӣţ´һ£ͷһʵϼʲôʱѵģ
Ĺ£ϼٻҪܾѣǰѣֻһֿܣǾ͵͵
ԪŨǰȫһֻֿܡ
Ȼ˵ѣϼ¶˷ܵɫ
֪ˣôû뵽ɣʱÿ춼ȥһˣһɱʮֻˡϼ˵Լս˵ţȡһſƬǰ˻ΣȻ̺ΣգҾˣһõһͿ´ʯˣҲܺһ𲢼սˣ
´ٺ˵һһȥ̫ΣˣԭѵԷĻϼ˵һ仰󲻵òһ䶣
˽ϼܶһΣȥ˺ܴľģ֮ôǲԼԺ¾սԼٳǾЩ̫ˡ
ϼѶԼ˵Ҳһ£ͬϼ˵ģΣգԼһֵεĺԮ
ϼͿʱҲһЩ棬һֱϼһ̥ǣȻϼӵһδ֪ǱһǱͿϡ
Ȼ鿴ϼͿһ˱˵ͷȴΪϼͿõס
֮һװƬƷ㣨ɫʵ廯ޡһѾ֮Ψ֮Ů˵˲Ԫ֮ÿʹһλԪ
װɫƷʣЩԾͱȵϡĹؾħΪߵͿѾǼƷˡ
֮⣬УʹװҪ֮Ů˵ˡ˲뵽ϼϵ̥ǡ
ⶫùˣһ䣬ϼǺһЦȴվʵ廯̣еĿƬͻһɫâһѳ
ĳľƶɣʮּͣҽչֳһǿϼ޳ָң̿Կ渡ֳһ֧
ٶõĻش𣬿ȷԼ֮ǰĲ²⡣
ΣϼصǱ⹭㽻ԷҲ޷ʹáʵǣ֮ӵһѾ֮ϼҡһ䣬ѾԳƵһǿĻ顣
ˣ㲻ĴЩǸɣ˵Ƕûãôȥ򣬾Կˡϼ˾֮ʱ֮ǰ£һȴԼûпأһͱϼѵ¸סˣ¡
ſأᵽһ˷ܣĿȡ
һƤʰװŷǳӵͼ·Ƥʮʵõֻǻˮ֣ᱻƻһԪõķ
ͬƬһҪʹÿҲǾߡ
˵һ¿;ϡжȣȻϼΪզֲ࣬㲻һеҪõ⿨ԭȻſƬô˵Щˮûа׸򿪿ɣ
Ҳд⣬˴֣Ȼֵһ¿һϴǷѾ򲻿Ŀءһ¾ֱӿһſƱ泯ϸڿУȻֱת
˵ʵ˿ͬһѺעĶͽϰ£һԵϼҲǴչסתĿƬ
Ԫ1ţԪ1ţϿ2ţ￨1šҿȿȿȻȿˣ˿̺٣۾ϴǻкԴ˱еļ
ȿأѵ￨ơϼæʵ
˼£侲Ȼ˵ͷʵǲܹʧ̬˭ɫƬϡжȣһΪߵʱûӵйɫƬ֪һЩҲֻкٵ˻á
װ￨Ʒʵԣɫͨɫ㣬ɫɫɫ棬гɫƷʵĿƬ٣ҲΪѵãȻװ￨Խǿ
ƣ壺ְ࣬ҵһ￨ƬƷʴ棨ɫٻ󣺵Ԫ4ţԪ2šһܺõÿٻһƣΪ߼ǿһһװȺãơ
пƬϻŵƵͼһɫӵ׳һֻץһѴһֻȴһľͰƱ
ɫƬ൱ϡ٣֪ģһƬװдֳȿһ￨Уֻ֡
ȻĿƬҲжӦĳȿصһΪϡ١
ƱһţǳɫĴ濨Ƭܱ֮ΪƵʵϣÿһ𣬶жӦĳɫ濨ǡǡʦǡսʿ
ƣһ￨Ψһһ
ÿһٻ֮ƶṩһǿװĻᡣ
òףŰ¼飬ָƽġȻӵһŴ濨Ƭ֮ԺսǴװ׺ֻܶ࣬ҪɫƬҲгɫƬȱ㣬ǾٻĴ̫
4ŵԪ2ŻԪÿٻҪģһʾ޴ĿҪ֪ĹؾħÿһٻֻҪ1ŵԪ4Ѫ⿨Ѫ⿨ⶫ򵥣ֻҪʬͿ죬ĵԪҲ١һҪﹻƿƬҪʱܣοԪ
ڣÿһٻƣṩһǿװĻᣬҲһֻΨһǣθ㵽Ԫ
ʱϼſƬŷӦſƬǵԪ1ţԪ1ţϿ2ţһŻԪҲһķգŲϿȴһֽĶϣ˵Ҳõš


ʮ ݵʱ
İȫƵ꣬һǼƵĿǰѾǾսָҲǵİȫܲ
˿̣ʮĴͻڣİȫͷͷԼﶼϤİȫ߳ٶʦ߸ųԭгͶԱ
һǵͼǽϣ߱עĸȻǵǰǵĸȫȫ֮⣬ȫעΣյĺɫһЩ򣬸ͿǺɫ
ǴǾΣյ
Ȼ˭ע⵽ɫӣĴȫ⣬Ѿܵ˼ѹ
λһǻܻ飬ݽλ֪⴫˵ʮľӵһֶصƣԴﵽÿһ˶
ڵŴҲͼϿˣռԽԽ࣬ǵĻԭڰȫΧҲʴռ죬ñٳһ㶼ΪɰǵİȫڣǱĹµûԮûʳ﹩ҪѾû㹻ĵҩȫսϽڵİȫʵһ㶼ȫȵǵĵҩһյʱ򣬰ȫȻݣ
ͬһش˵񾭡
ǵһڶ͵ȫأǵôһԱʵ
ʱ򣬶ųιѾϵȫǵһеǡֱԲ˵ǵİȫڵʳôʡҲֻһݣ̡
ô᣿ǲ´ʳһͻϮһʳĲֿ⡭һطԱæ˵
аʮ죬һ㶫ֻǱˮнι
ǿͻΧȥʳкܶҼʳֿ⣬ֻҪһ㹻˳һϣǾˣӦøΡ
ЩֿﲻֻгˣֲĹǰ춫ֵǸʯλѵˣһʿȫʧ̹ˣǲǸضǿֻ߳ʯˣİȫѾˡλǾҲˣӦñǲѣˡֱԣȫѾʺټȥι˵꣬ȴǿһʦȻԣǾͻΧǣʱͶڰ֮󣡡
ֳʱһƬܿ죬ԱվǾľ𣿿Ǹոջ˵ȫǹͻΧİж٣ҿȵһ°ɣٿ֯һӣȥһʳˣǾ齨ʲôСȥǸʯ˵ľߣҵǰȫİȫǸбϣ
⼸ԱԴһ̬ȣ̬ȵԲǿȫͻΧΣգ϶ǣ˵ᱻڻңڰȫ
޴ʱڶͶιһͻȻ˵˴Բʾװ޴ͬһֻһ㡣
ǵһСӵĶӳҲȫ﹫ϵĵһǿߣݣҲʸμֻ顣
ڸɢһֲͬ˵ƣһ˵Ȼ˲סˣոˡ
㡭㡭ʲô˼֮ǰ˵ĹԱ˿ñЩȴ׳ŵӷʵֻΪţȻЩ͡
˭ͬһĸȻЦЦٲ𻰡
ˣʱ˰ֵѾ˵úˣΪİȫ߳٣Ա׼ͻΧͻΧļƻһ·Ϊ˱֤ͻΧɹ⼸ϾСӣֶȡʳһμƻ¹λͰʮֻɹʧܡ
ʦǿ֮¹᳹û˸ҷԣǰǵгҲңʱڣӵоľʹȨɱȨ
һСʱڶʱ칫ĵɽι㱨⼸հȫĸͻ¼
ǵڵʣ޼ӵǻһЩǰʿԵõһٵʳҲˣֻܱһһ٣˵Ѿʿ;첿ǹӵƽȡʳ¼ˡ
վڶĶιֱͦеľñ֣ʣһ˿ëľ˵䷶
㣬ĹأһЩ޷žÿƵĻҪƣڣʳ﷢ŵô
ƽӺѹַÿʳҼһֻаҲԽԽ٣ԣÿ춼˶Ѿٽˡ
أ
ǵĴȫߵģ⼸½˾ѣƾһݴа簲ȫеľߡ
ǻʯ˵ǸأûϢ
⡭ιʦ⣬ȴһʱЩʣǰʯ˵ľߣӵмΪǿʵֻȻԼļľߵƺûôһˡ
Σιֻʵʵ˵ʱûҵǸ̬ʱڳҲԻʯˣ
˵ͷƺЩƣüģι㻹ͬǹһվţȴǰڰ֣ʾ¡
㣬ҵϲˣˣֻϣܽȫ˻ŴȥΪ˱뵣ΡУ֪Ҫˣľƣ϶Ϊߵˣ֪ҲӵǱѵˣֻٶҪһЩûϵѾټһĿѧоЩߺͿƬҲһЩͻƣ˵ǣЩѧҺǵоɹͽˣ


ʮ ʵһ
ڶιʦ̸ĵʱϼһԴ磬վһĶ鵱С
ΪǰڼЩɥʧǡ̬£еζ˿֮ǳһӦеΣ
ǾûԵˡ
ȷԽδӹɡζƬǰҲʳİȫ󶼱Щ˵ץһʣôָҵ֮ʳ
֮£ϼһϼƣ˾ľСӡߵĴѾܣȫÿһ˶ֻ֪Ҫ˭˵ľѣӵгԽͨ˵ľǱʣǶζӵůȫסͳʳ﹩Լ޷ĵλ
ľСӣʳΣҲʱˣļƻҪӳǣþǼ뵽һֻҪ΢֪ˣӵӵʹڵľṩıпͻΧɹġһΪʵˣԲŸͻΧĶǡ
뵽ԴһϳһҲжʮûˣӦѾٳ£ȥҶԷԺ£һʱ
ôôŶӣѵǶǾߣϼ˿ųɵĳӣСֹ
˼¶һҲ֪ЦݡȻó˵УֻмǾߣʵϰϼڣ಻ᳬ
ǰһУʱѾãΪˡʱļ㡯⼸ļԤʿģŶ࣬ʮͷԼʮС
˵ߵļŶٵġ
ŵ˻ᱻ볬нǴǳüıĵȥ
һȥĺӴ˿̱˳ȴһŭµƽһȭשͷǰˣΪʲôͨʲôļҿƭ˵ģ
Ϊ󲿷ֶûͨ⺺ӵĻ˲˵ĹЩѾʼ룬
ʱһʿһ䣬ȴһץסǺӵ죬ȻֱصĶ˳ȥ
оʮȴǱȥԶ۵໽УûЩҲ˲䰲
˭һȥҶøԶӦɣΪֻбǿſͨĲԡȻǵǱҲǲˣԳΪʿȫͨʿļǱߣļǾߺ;мǱ࣬ûǱµģȰǲҪ˷ʱˣԼΣɻصģΪԵǵСӵľߣǸʿ˵ֳ꣬ѻȸĵͷת˻ȥ
һĻ֪ΪԪӰ죬ܶѾʼ仯ʼԪֻն٣ȴҪ˵ǱǸӣ˲λԪǸʿĸλԪ
ʱĹڣϵŶȣеĺŲˮ
Ϻõ裬Ϊߺ󣬲ǿԻóʳסЩĿǰѾʮݳ޵ĶҲӦоС
̵ĺһڣȻһûʲôǱʵ˱򷨳ȥȴǷɧ˵һҲˣⶼһʱˣһλԪûյҲӦֱ˷ǵʱ䣬ӳǵСʲôʱôˣ
˵꣬ͼСӵĳԱʯ͵һӵ죬񺣣ҪǲԸ뿪ҡ
ȴЦһӺݺϣüΪ̱ʯڣ֪㿴Ҳ˳ۣòҪûңǼˣùӳԣ
ˣСӵĶӳǿǳһֹˣʯҧҧʲôû˵ҲЦûмìܡ
ܳΪӳǿȻʱʵͺǿ֮⣬ǴѧʦһЩԱǾٹϵܺãĻʯڻ񺣶Ҳ
ӺһԱ½ԹۣڶΨһŮԱǲϵĲŽӦˣæͷ󺹡
ȻĿǰΪֹǻûļѡ
ˣΪһζһսǵСʧˣѾԶԶһ͵СӣҲźͶųǸһεѡΡܳΪߵ˼٣ʵڲУļӵмǱҲԣǿüͷ˵Ϊӳ֪ȻԼĶԱ࣬ھڰºҪʵʩͻΧƻҲӸ֪һȴ֪ʱȻһĲ֮սǳڲһЩʵĶԱһͻΧʱҲܴһЩ
㣬һֱŵŵϼŵˣ˵ʵһʼû뵽ġ
ϼǰ棬ʿĴ½볬еСĹһ˽룬ֻܵ棬ϼȥһЦһ㶼ģϼʵٷ֮ٿͨ
˿ϼǰ٣ȴǾʮ죬ϼܺãӲ˭ˡ
ǰڶ߼Ǹʱһﱻʯ׷ɱĶжףǱҪûãҲûҪðճ֡
ʶģϼ΢΢¶һŹֵЦݡ
Цݣ׽ˣ˵ʱҲϼעֻеֻǵϼòˡ
椶ƯҲǰ͹£ڼƷˣЦݣ㽫ӵĻûˣʱյ½ԱС˵СҲֻ½ܺйͬˡ
һԵ½Ҳǵ˵ͷȻʮͬ
ʱϼһۣȻʮֹʽԵԺܼ򵥣ǾôͿƬûпƬôҪֽϵķһšƬ㻹ûоѣͨٶȺͷľǱľǱߣҲͨԣ𣿡
شϼġֱֳ֮ӽ֮ʵ廯Ȼһңһ֧Ԫ֮Ȼ˳ȥ
ʸһƿ֮Կӵٶȴ͸ǸֽݶʣͬһϮǡ
ֳʱĿɿڴˣΪصǿҲŴͣͷǻʯݶ˵һ仰


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ŶӵȺҲǱͻȻ״ŴˣֻûʲôӦ֮ЧҲϼһʼĴ㣬ȻҪСӣûĬĬţֻйǿ󣬲ܵõӣʱڣľǸı
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һ㣬ӵһ˵зȨյ֪ʶһ꣬оĳɹ
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Ҳͬһأϲѣȴ֣µݸһ񣺡ϲͨ˲ԣȥȻش𼸸Ϳˣˣʲô֣

һ䣬дһ꾡ı񣬸ոһһϵе⣬סַ֮ǰְҵǽһ飬Ȼһзǰƶҳˣõͱûκͨ顣
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ͬǲֻС˵书ؼֻ˶ӦĿӦĿƬ
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ͨһ㣬ΪԼѡȷľСӣԺԼԺ׵ĽӴµĿ
һٻ㲻ͣһЩС˰Ƶһļһ̲˺һͱѷ֮ǰֻ·ͨʳڣһʹһȨ
ʵϣΪľߺȨԶֹˡ
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ϼﻹʮˣֻǾߣ˶ӵкǿǱʵˣ߰һ£Ǿܾѡ
ûã˽һǵСӵĶӳǿһߴﵽһ׾ϣǿ׳ͬһͷһ㣬ϵľѹʮ㡣һȴһŮԣ磬ûдģȥƺûʲôʵ


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ʱһ̶ľͻȻ


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ΪǿӲǼвҲ˵ϾڰȫܵȨǾģǾߣҲҪԶǡ
˶ǴС̻ȥϢˣҲû˵ģص¶ҲҪΪһȥ
Դˣֵ徲ԭϼ滮һ½Ĵ㣬ʱȴҵĽһرصĽ
оߺͿƬĻڻܣ˵ͨˣǺܶ߶֪Ĵڣ쿴ǸͷԪըģһ˵һȡһƹϣߡ
һȴǸߡ
ʿǿ׳ȻûоѣʮλԪĸǱߡȥȴס
ҵоԱֻǻûüͼʿۣõĻظȴûжʦͶųоԱԲܽ롣
ɫЩѿЩǸĿϾԼӲģȴû뵽Ȼᱻſڡ
ʱ򣬺濪һһ٣ʿ̾񡣺߿˿ɨһȴʵô¡
ʶԷæȥ˵
ʱվԭأʵ˵лоϣȥģеʱòЩѧҺѧߣڶ̶һʱҵԪըķԼԴ
оɹֽ׶ҪģģܶϣԼҲ֪ܵõЩоɹԼķչҲǼҪһ
ʱǸ߹ȴǽܵǶιųǵСӵĶԱӵмߵƿ츳϶ܰЩģͺ͹ʽ
˿ųһʣԷľˣ־ͳ˵һ㡣֮⣬ԷһǱ࣬ĿǰԪԳ˶ʮ
Ȼ˺ܾܿѡ
˵츳Ǿ֤ҿﲻҵҪ󣬾뿪ɣιУʱ䱦û˵Ťͷߡ
ǣ㡭ЩΪѵĿȴԼһЦ˿Ŀųһ̣֣ӵץһȻתԪ


ʮ 
ιǰȫʵȨ˵˶ʦ֮⣬ǰȫĶ
ֻȷǷǳæÿֻ˯ĸСʱͣ˵ҲΪĹϵȻߵľԱͽԷˡ
ǰҲû˵̫ʵͬݰһˣǰӦҲֻ֮һ
ܿ죬ͷԼش
ԷץһȻתԪϹâʢһ̣Ԫ㼯ûˣԷﾹȻǶһſƬ
ι۾˲ԲоĹ쿨ƬֶΣΪľ߶쿨Ƭ
˵ҲĿɿڴͻȻӦæȡһСӣñ¼
ԷȻǲһšԪ֪ԶԷĿ˵ֿܿƬȻˣԼҲûҪҴţչʾԼֽ׶οԻֶΪ
СԣоԱ֤ͨͬʱӦĸҵ˲ţĺܺãȥɣιȻΪˣĿһۣȻͷ߽о
λȫʵȨ￪ڣЩȻ˳˳Ľɭϵо
˵оʵʱõһ㽨涼ǴоԱƵˣɫҴңеźϣеǰŪһЩŹֵ
ͷһֵطͬ˴԰ûдӸոԪлָȴǽ߬ոոĿƬٵһϵİ칫ңҵһʮͷ
һ̨˱õԴľñʼǱͷûע⵽ĵ
ڣѴ˶Էͷ̱ף̧ͷ˿Сԣ˵ҹʱ׼κ˴ţ֪֪ڵжΣԪоѾ˹ؼʱ̣һܡ
Ϊֹ·ݣͷҵͷ쭣̽ĵԪ˹ȥ
һ̣λڵȻֹǿһ̴ۣｫƬ˹
ԪȶԪôܣǵԪݻʽûɣôֶܻСԣǴŪģ
æԪľͬʱֵʿǰԪҪԣͬһſԪģǿڹʽｫһӽȥϸڣҪˣſģ
˵һԪģ´ȴǳһֽȻһ֦ǦдһӵĹʽ
ԪɹʽԪתɿƬķҾѾˣ֮ǰʵȫʧˣֻһЩȶĿƬʵģǾô쵽ģҵ㷽⣿ڽֽݸе˵
ûжĿףֱ⣬ѧҵĹͬԡ˵ʵ⸴ӵĹʽҲͬһ㣬֮ԪȫΪһѧϰεϰɼѧϰģҲֱ׵ֺͷǰȫһֹʽ
ֻǧСֽдŵĶľԪоҪĳɹкܶ࿨Ƭ췽Ǵһʽݻġһ㣬ȷɣ֮ǰ뵽ֿܣֻֽ׶Σǿһԭʼʽ֪ʶҲ
һᣬİȫݻʮʱ䣬ʮʱｫʽŪԺ쿨Ƭ˵һԸʽԼͿƬ
ǰĻסȻҪԼȻѧϰʽ·ϣѾоĸˣȨ󣬶ǣڲһߣľǱʺܲܿɹģоֳɹʣţ٣ƾһɾͣʶŵ
뵽ŵԪԼԪãȻЩȫڡ˵ʵֶǳĳ󣬵ǼΪһˣֻ΢˼Ƭ̣¶ϲɫ
ԭˣץǦʣ֮ǰǸӵĹʽϸȥȫУǵһԣаСʱڲһϲõ̧ͷǹʽֽŻ˻εˣһУ
˵꣬ȴקȥ˸ڣרŪ˼̨ͷȹӦЩ
Ķ󲿷֪ʲôãȴǿһǽ̽ͷһĹ̨˿оԱڿЩ̽ͷλãһâ㼯һ
ԪΪߣԪĸӦǿ¾ͷЩӽ̽ͷԪŨȺܸߡ
ͼЩԪۣʱ۳һſƬ
֪￨ԪըĳˣĻԾһԪתߡ
¹ʽԣԣȥһЩʯʵɹǽһ޴̱һǷԸоԱ̰ڵҪһ͵ãǹ̨ϣҲһʵ
Ԫ죬ܿ죬һź֮ǰһģһĵԪ档
ɹˣǸţ֪ҹӵԪתʽˣʲô֣˷ܵĶ˵ʱŷӦʲô֪
оʱѾӵһݣİȫооԱоԱΪļﵽļֻʿһоԱļѾ൱ˣҲֻǶоԱ
֮⣬ڻƸСʱԪ֪ʶڵƢԸŹ֣ţαšҪʵҲǼΪ𾴣Լƴ꣬Ԫ;ߵ⣬ȴ֪Ķࡣ
ӽ쿪ʼоԱʱݽоʵҲôģÿ죬󲿷ʱ棬ͬһһܵõ֪ʶ
Ϊߺ󣬲ǿͨˣǼ߼ԼѧϰԶͨˣʱ䣬Ȼѧ˲ٶȻҲԼһЩڣ˫Ӱ֮£оָǲ
ֻ糿ȴǰ˸٣Ϊ죬Ҫڶ͵СԼӪʿǰĹҼʳֿȥʳ


ʮ 
峿ڰȫߣһζжľߺʿѾϡ
һιǳͶ˳һʮȻЩܶ඼üóװģӺӳװļӣװĻÿһϵʳ֮⣬ǰٳϣŷûǹӣʿǾߣվ棬ûǹɨ;ĵˡ
ȫмվϵǲ٣㹻֧һж
ڳ֮ǰСӵĶӳֱԼĶԱַ˱׼װһõڶ̬Ǽ̼׿ƴĻףһԪɢٻҿװſƬĿᣬÿᵱУһĴķƬԪը
ǰõĿƬҪȶҲڡǻۡײĽᾧǱһڵҪֻϧҪʹÿƬǾ߲ſԣÿһʿ䱸ķƬôھͻһˡ
ȻΪսǿľСӣ𳵶ӵͷβڶСۺʵҪǿڵСӣǸ𳵶ǰΣСӸ𳵶ӺΡ
ܿ죬һӺƺƵĳ˰ȫ
ϼĿǰѾΪСӵıͬʱҲǶ﹥ǿľߣֻֻͨЩģǵһɽ˵ĳƺš
ȻЩﲢ
⼸ĶüΣӰϼС˵Щ
⼸оȷûлȥԴˣֻڨڨһЦ̲ߣҲԸĥ˼һˣһٶоĴǻܣ׼͸¶κˣµСӵ˶һҲû˵ʲôֻǸϼɫʾԺ˵
Сӵˣ˿̶һǡ̽ߡռǳ󣬶Ҿװǿѷ֮ǰ󲿷ⱲӶĺڣֻҪһЩʳͿԴӳﻻ
Ը嶯ʯڣӳǿڸʻλϣмϼһһ񺣺½衣
ɫϼƲƲ죬Ҳû˵ʲô⼸ģܸȥΪŮԵϼһֱܵľоһǰðȥʱѾǰһˡ
ߵûвϼת˼˿оѧϰ֪ʶ£кܴգԪ
ʹõȻڼĹʽʽԪƿԭͣܶƬķԪ֮һ˵Ѿ˻ԪʽǸҲֻ鶼ʧˣõһǿƬѾͣǻһŻ棬ʱЩʵҶˡ
ԼҲ˽һŻԪõԪʮλԪԪĸλĿǰԪÿֻܳΣֻζʧˡ
Ǽɺ;ⰡŶԼӦþͿ԰ѿˣ
ʱҲں½͵͵Ҳ֪ʲô⼸Ҳ֪񺣵Ϊˣ˽Сˡڳǰ͵͵ҹҪͬˣ3¥ʱԥľܾ˶Է
ֻһ棬Ҫǣ֪3¥ΪѾƭ˺ܶˣ˵ѾкܶƯŮΪס3¥ίȫֱ֮˳ȥΪҲʮֲݵġ
ʻ˲ӣٶȾǰѾǹԴͷĳѾ͹ｻϻˡ
ԭ򣬳ӵٶʮֻҡ£ԶѾгֻ࣬ǵһ̬һ֣ͱǰ泵ٿػǹʿɱ
ӿĿİһ·߹·϶Ǳǰɱĳ˺ʹëֹ޴ڣҲΪ̰׺ݡ
ȻҲһЩͿֱһƬʯ飬ⲻͨʯ飬ʯƶϳЩʯ鶼ƴһ𣬿Դ¿һųβ͵ĹͺԹһ
ֻȷʯ飬ڵⶼǣʿԣָָۡ
һ·Ƭ࣬Ҳֻʮ˲֪ʲô͹ȴ֪
ʯ벻ֹ࣡˿һֹｻ֣һصߺʱ򣬻ʯ״̬ȳ˸ΣգһܷС
ʶģ߿ʼϿӿ͵Ϯʯר
ֱʮӺǵִĿĵأҲûܵʯĹֻг˺ʹë
ڵִĵڶСӺʿѾʼ̾ĳˣڶ̬˵ʱҲڵڶСʵǷǸϵʱﳬʮֻڶ̬ĳѾɱ˸⡣
³ǿûЯͿӳʵ廯˿Ƭдĳˡ
ʿѾʼ˿ʳţʼ
飬֮ǰƺҪ׵Ķ࣬һжһУӪǾӵָӹ٣˿Ҳѵ¶ЦݡֻҪܽһʮװ˻ȥʱȫʳΣ
ʿǷİˣϼ˸ᣬߵһſڣѻɽʳ
Щֶǵڵرռܴ󣬸ʺϴʳÿһֿﶼʮֵۺʹס
װ²鿴ϼ˸ɫ֪Ĵ㣬ȴڻƹһʳѣȻְһϡ
ζ
ͼԪӿһ˲ԪеУһ̣ԪɢһſƬ
ζʳ￨ȡ20ζ
ĿǰԪѾǰ컹ҪҲŪԪʽԵʣһſȡ20ʳ￨ֻҪò֮һĵλԪ
ѾǺܴĽˣͬһߣӵͬλԪʱθʹԪǿĹؼ
һʮȫζĶǿȡ200ζʳ￨̿٣أټϼŷ磬ԾȻû˷ƾʮۡ
˿Ѿſȡ200ζʵƿͻȻһȴǴļƻ


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Ǿ޴ʶоƵġԪըԪͨըҩġƬֻҪԪʵ廯Ȼ󶪳ȥɼɱЧ
ֻⶫΪ£һεڶ͵СӵľҲֻÿ˵õһţҶǽⶫ·϶ûã¾Ȼˣǳˡ
Ҳ͵ƿˣܳϼһ֣һŷֿΧǽѾΧĳˣոյԪըǵڶСӵһ߶ȥģ֮⣬ǹҲʼֹĳ˳
ʿֹͣʳ׼ͻΧһжУӪϲҰһƬóĳԽԽ࣬ĸһΧѾһǧࡣټȥٶһӲȥ
ҸոѾװ˲ʳЩȥҲ
ҪκѣʿǾߣʼԶʱеҪһЩ
ʯڣ񺣺½裬ǵסĳˣҸ棬ϼ㸺Զ̴֮ǰؼ׳棬ҪĹˣǿ˿ɵָš
һߣڶСӶӳҲָĶԱԶĳ˽йʱſͿȻײн͡ƬһŰӣ¶ֱֳۣһѴŻʿĽͱ漴֡
ײноϡٵ￨ƬȻһ￨ƷʾɫǿɱʮĽáײн͡Ϊһ￨Ƭеĸ߼
벻Ȼôã±Ǹо˱ˣԼͿεˡɫƷʵġײн͡Ҳʵǲ˼Ρ
ͼײнֳַʿҿȥĳ˸ˣ͸˵ˡ
ײнͱɵеĳǹ
ڶСӵľҲǸɫɼˣӺҲЩֵסˡ
˵ǣֻҪǿӷ潨ӿĴˣ˭һҰףҲǰá
˵ڶ̶̵ļȻʮ
ĳˣߺʿĹǱˮнԴ˵һʧˡ
һû˵κζɹϢ뷨һǳûһЩʳ￨ΣգǲҪʳҲӦͻΧ
µȴǵͷһˮ
һӣٶ˾ͻᱻĳûͷӶʣ
ˣһжУӪ˿ңͷܶĳ溣˿ĭȴһ˭Ҳû뵽¡
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޴費𣿡ǿһ秵ˣʱҲ˴ֿڣʣָӹٻڣʿٻƴָӹپȻɱʿҲ˲
ʵҲˣһĻʿңһʱЩ֪룬äĿĿǹ
ǳ̫ˣʿ˵ڡ
˻֣ԥ̹ȥкϼһ֡
ǸֽˮཽģţرվǴ˶ʱҲͻơ뵽Ψһ취Ȼֻܽһʱ⣬һʱ䡣
һ뷨Ĳܶʿ߿ĳˣȥѾװʳȻ˭˲ˡ
ҵ˼㣬˶æû赲ĳͬͻȻĺƽ棬·Сһվ˲û
ǹӵѾ⣬һ̣ǹγŵĹǴ̵һ̣ͽһֵĳ˴̴
˿ֻ̣мӽֵУоϼ
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ֻǼˣĳҲʮϼ㹻飬⼸һŹȻ
˿ٲԥָһȡᣬĹؾħȡ
һŵԪѪ֮˲ʧһ̣ǸӵӴĹؾħֵС
˿ĳ˻ʮֻ뽫ٻĹؾħõЧǾǻ1ӳ֡
ǧҪСƬ1ļӳֵ֣ƾʮ幫ӵһ˵ϡ
ץŹǴ̵ͬвһ㽫ĳһһ
ǱϼҲȡ֮һֻǽϡ
Ĺؾħͣ˵ڣӽֿٻҪһ롣
һսʮֻǱɱ
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ӽֵֻ߰˸ˣո³Լϼ֮⣬඼ǱȽİףСӾȻûһӽ
뵽뵽ǿ̾˿ո̫Σ˼ˣ˵ϼԼһϼδܺԼһӽ
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ҲˣӵǿͿʹÿƬ֮⣬һЩ棬絨ͿѹһЩͨʿ
ʿ侲ʱϼʾһô졣


ʮһ µĹ
ʣոջɱ˵ʱֳʵŷǷӦԼٻĹؾħչֳǿʵ޿ޡ
ڹۣҲûпȴǷԸʿϼгʬ壬ûô̵ǼһԼĵҩʣ١
ʿ̰ķԸȥˣǿȻĻͬǳٵĻ
û°ɣ˿ϼʵ
ɫЩ԰׵ϼҡҡͷʾԼû£ͬʱ˾֮ոΣλԪټ֮ǰսģڵԪѾߡ
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Ǹ˴˿ƺûлعҲ˿ֿ̲Ľűĳײؾ죬ѾЩҡҡ׹ͨȳƿǾȫˡ
ʱȣٽֿ鿴һ飬ʳ漸ûǰܳƺ·ӡ
ֻûоԡ
ڽĵذϷһ󶴣㹻һ뵽˴ëⶴӦþǴëͨġ
ëҲʳ˳⣬ҲϲԹֿ￿ϰٴﶼʳһգ϶ҲִëĽҲ˵ʿڽֿʱ򣬾˲ٴë󣬶ֽҧöϣ˵ôһҲ֡
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ҲԪǿʿҲĸλԪһЩĻ壬ôˤȻûд˺ܿȡֵ򿪣ΧĻ
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˲֪ΪϼֻͨߣȴǱ˭ϼԲͨߡΣյĸ֪ԼҪĶ࣬ϼڲָĵطܿǿͨ˰ٱ
ϵӡйϵ˿ϼԷʲô̾Ӧʵ֤ٶǳӢ
ֵ䲻ĵطͻȻһŹֵХУһһͻȻϮҲ룬̱ȫ⣬ȻϮķնһ
иХȴ˸գ͸оԼ·ײһűĶǣǶȻʣ壬һ˲䣬͸оѪܶסһӾȻǲʹá
Сģϼʱŷ˾ʾʵϴֻһ˲ʱ䡣ֻƾֵĹһͬĶ壬Ȼ֮ǰĹѾŶͬиܶǶκ˺
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ৣ
ʸЯһԪ̴һɫһιƺЧɫȻûһʹХС
ڳļȻʶĩշʶ˵ȿֲĹ˵ʵڵģûֳ棬ǰĶôôǴ˵еġ


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꣬飬عֶĴ˵ֱǶţë˵ܹǴ˵󲿷ʱⶼƭСģûĸ˻й
ĩ٣ٹǶֲˣôйƺҲ˵ùȥ
˿̣ϼһԪ֮еĹƺŭˣȻǻûһΪֲŰͲ̣ȻȻż˹ȥ
Сģǧⶫǰ֮Ǹ˾߼æеʱʿҲһֵȡǹ
飡
ӵЯǿܺХͷո׳ӵʹ͸Ǹںǽϣʿǹ׼ûʵĹȴûһô
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ӵ͸ʿ壬һƬѪֻ߾Ȼûе£̧ͷ죬԰׵¶һΪֲЦݡ
˵ˣٴʱҲһʿŵĳǹսѣֻǶԷѾˣɲ¡
ſ죬﷢˸¸¸µֱκ˱
һ̣긽ʿҪȥûͱһ⿳Դ
ಣ
һɹɫӱԴ߿ðڿ»۳һӰոնֵ˿ɫ԰ףȻոչ͸˲С˺
ʱǸȴ뵽ʲôæȡһſƬȻ߶µ˼
أ
ƬȻǱһľʵģ˹Źַĵʮּܣʣⶫ˵Ϳ˵Ҳּ֣ڽζʮּܵǷЧá
ʮּɢһ͵İ׹⣬Ǹ꾹ȻĲҿڰ׹ⷶΧ֮Ʈʱʱż죬¶ֲĹࡣ
ʣһ͵Ĺ϶ϡ٣ûΪԭԸոŻһ˶Էĵ鴩ָоͷ·걻һʹܸоһֳǵĺ䡣
ոձ괩ڵԪȻһӼʮԪѾѣ̺ǿԪոտ϶ҲǸʿһҪôֱҪô鸽壬ɿֲĹ
û°ɣΪĻϼȷֻʧһЩԪŷ
飬飬Ը嵽˵ϣ˵壬ֱЩӻ£ǧҪʮּܵػǸ˵Ҳһ㣬ʼϸ鿴Ǹֵ꣬ˣûҽܣҽнڶСӵľߣǰڽоЭģΪʲôҵͿػʮּܡԭ򡣡
֪ôɱ𣿡ʵȻֻӵ޷˺Ȼʱ˽ͿţϾǳ֮ơ
ͨ˺ǣûӶԸʵʵ˵
ϼʱʲôæոҵԪ֮ƺ˺ֻûԪûþ֮
ϼĻʶԱԪ˺ֻ£ûַƬ
뿪ȻùζأûϢҲûж˵пҵڡ˵鶼⣬ϣûʱ˵Ȼ̱˲ɡ
ڰ£нػʮּܵıǸֻ֮˻ȴҿĸǰƶնͨǰϼĸ֪ʱ˴ó֮ĳֻܿ
ںڰУŷϼ˫۾ȻһɫĹâᶨϼϡоߵͷ
ϼָ·߹˼ͨ·ע⵽ϼƺʲô¶˼Ϊֵı顣˳ϼʵֿȥֻһƬڰҲõ˼ǿֻܿһЩģѡ
ôˣͲסʵ
ϼɫ԰ףҧҧ촽û˵ָһͨΪǸ黹ӰεĸţҲùȥ鿴ֻǸߡ
Ƭ̣˲ſǰһš
źשͷţֻǵкܶ϶ʿǴģھ˵һϰʲô¡
Ƶһϰ˵һĵң¥ŷﾹȻһĲֿ⣬ǱΧĵطֻԶզ࣬벻ڵǾȻôԶ
˿̣͸ȴǸһػĸо
ԶΧվĳ˻ûȥĸ˶СȻ֮Ǹ治ٸںڰʧ٣Ӧľ⡣
ʱ˸ᵥϼקһԣովʲôˡ
ϼʱȥðգûи㣬ҿһᣬĿᣡ
᣿һ㶡
磬ɿƬĿҲкû֣֮ЩϡпᣬֵһЩߵȼĿƬҪ
˵ϼҲһϡпᣬϼԼʱȥðգҲ˵ʱȥÿᣬԼΣա
֮⣬뵽һ㣬Ǳʮ궼û˽ȥķնôп᣿
ϼʱ˵Ǹܴ󣬾һ飬ҿǿΧʬ壬Ѿˣ֮⣬мֻεʱȥ϶鷳ҵʱûи㡣
˵ͷͷǺĵڣϸһ£ȴҲǴȥĴ㡣ǷնʵЩ죬ԼûҵԸķֻǵԺһȥˡ
ʱ򣬳ȥǸʿܻк˳ȥҵһܿĽγѾ࣬ҲֻСʱǳŰ췵ذȫ
˭뵽СʱǰٶˣһٶӴĶ˿̾ʣĸ
Χĳ˶վһ·ȴûʲôΣգУҲ䵥Ĵë󣬺׾ͽˣСʱоյĻص˰ȫ


ʮ Ԫ
һļƻʧˣϢûдݵͨУǻ޴Ŀֻš
˷;ߵʧҲǼ󣬲Ҫôһ㣬ΪǲΨһӳˡ
СӵǿԼ񺣶аڶСӶӳڵļߣõһ֣ҲдëĶ˳Ĵӵضӳվ
֮⣬˶һжУʿȫһڶСҲԱһϡЩʧȫʳ°ȫʳѾֲ˼졣
ڵо˿ÿյʳ䶼֮ǰһϣһϾ֪ʳѾ˺εȽȱĵز
ȴû˿Ӱ죬֮ǰ͵͵200ζ㹻ϼԼ꣬ǰ3¥Դү򸾺͹Ҳһմ˹⣬ÿ춼ܵõһֿͬζټ͵ʳܳԸ˷ֱ񣬼ֱһһǵ¡
⼸찲ȫ½в˾ѳɹǿæĽͷöԽʶڵʵңµĿƬ
ò˵ţͨԪо룬ȻС͵Ԫռĵپߵĳ֣ҲһǺϡ
Ԫռʱ˲١ԡ飬ҲǴԪռĵʱ䣬ͬʱԼеķ
ֻҪ뷨ѣͻȥ˼άײܲǻۡĻ𻨡
ʵѾ൱СˣѡģһһԷû͸¶κһϡ⵹˵СĽ̫ɣһԷϣôͶ֪
˵֪ĶҲǼ٣ǳԼҵףгԴһ죬бµˣȻᲢۡҪ˵ķͬһ࣬ڷѧϰԪ֪ʶ
¶˵ҪľȽԪֻҪŪһŻԪͿʱٻһơ
˵ʵһﵱмΪĳɫƷʵ൱ڴġ
ʵңһ޸һ»ԪʽȻʼչʽҪԪ
ƿǾ߶ԪúͲٿأⲻƾомΪȷԪʽһżΪϽѧơȻԪҪһԪҪȻǻ档
Ū˿ǰ͵һƾ¯һĻ棬Ϊ֮ǰʧһΣ˷ʮλԪһǼΪСģʧܣֻٳˡ
ĬϸƿĲ裬ƿʽϸڣѾû©ΨһǷȱľȣһΪСġ
ȽԪ㼯ָϣȻץƾ¯ϵĻ棬ָͻӴ˲䣬֮ͻȻðһ𻨣һŻܻĿƬ
ȵƬȫ۳ɹ֮ջɫΪԪľЩ԰ףȴǼΪ˷ܡ
ˣ
һſƬЦˣһУûջԪ˵ˣһ̱ʽĽ
ȫҲǵһƾԪľߡ
֮ǰõһŻԪٻһƵѾɣֻҪԸ⣬ʱٻƳ
ٻƳΪԼǿһװ
ȻڻʱٻƵĴ۲С4ŵԪ2ŻԪٻҲò˴ԪɫƷʿɼһߣҪٻҲҪǡʱ
Ԫָ
ԴӶʧ֪ܺȫѾݵʱϼСӣҲǾˣɼˣõķʳҲٵÿ֪Щͨˡ
ʵ˭һײ㰾ˣǸʱÿ춼еǶģеıɱǿ顢٣е˿㲻˳ۣԱһ
еϵ˿̶Ȼ޴棬ǸʱãȫͰȫʵϲ࣬һЩ˷ȳ˻Ҫ¡
һڰȫġ߲㡯ЩеġԼ3¥лϢ֪˭͸¶˳ȥйϵͶҪϹϵһΣһҵֻҪԸ⣬һھ崿ŮǿԳΪŮˡ
ǸŮҲ˵һƣݹٵӰרھԼŸζڣǸĵıֻ֤ҪԼͷϣԷͿϴ㣬ڴϵԼժ
ȴǾܾǸ٣ûȤʵϲôϲǸŮǣԷԼֶ
ʮź뿪ҲڱһβĴɼˣûм٣ԽԽ࣬ҲΪʲô󲿷ʱ䶼оԵʡ
Сʱо뿪ڱټˣԹԵ߳
ſڵоԱļ൱ߣ˻֪ǸﾯʿǳЩѧߵҪԣԶΪ𾴡
оԱãҪȥˣҪҪоȥڰȫΰԽԽΪһСͷȥɱˣһЦŴк
ллĺ⣬ҲоԱҲһߣһЦ⼸оѾľʮ硣˵ʵЩÿֻܳһٷһԲȴΪҳϣݣվҲͬ߸һֱ
ǲɰˣѾ߳ȥȴ뵽ʲôִ·ȡһӣݸ˺кǸʿ
оԱǡǸһ㶣ʶӹҲûֱͣȥܿ죬Ǹľ
ζÿһٿˣ㣬㹻ǼʿһˣҲֻһ㣬ԾܾһԼ׳ŮǣȻҲԿ飬ʿһЩô


ʮ £
ص3¥û¥ſڵ񺣣߼ƤЦ˹һߡ
ʱҲ֪񺣵Ʒԣ˽Ȼֽ׶˭˽ԼҲ˽񺣻һСˡ
˽ԣٻеߣһСûеߵģţԶ񺣼Լĺ⣬赭дĺŪȥ
һʼʩȴû뵽ʮּ֣ҪԼһ˵дô
ֵܣ˵ʵһζܻѾ˸˴ˣ˲һ˲ǣоСӸǵڻʹ˵Ҳ½һ߳Եˣʱҿڳѱ񺣼ʵ̾˿Ȼӻȡһ̵֧ţҪһ뵽ֻ߲̣ա
Ȼ̶ֻ֪̣ѡ
ƺ֪¿Ȼѹ˵һܵ£ϴζʧܣڰȫĴģڰȫʳֻټ죬һѹĿǰǰ£ٶȥ죬ȫȻңǲܲԼˡ
һ㶣ϢֻͨǶԷԼʲô˼ĪǻԼ
ʱ񺣵һ仰ʡ
ڶСӵĽ˵һ޴ô˵ǶͿ԰ɣôб£ϧˣֵҸָһ·׼ǰȫȫ뿪ǡ
һЦ֪ԼӵĹؾħסҲû
ʱһɫĽγͣߣʮĴ򿪳ţϳֵк²㣬ھʹȥһһûᣬܵõλǧֵң
ֱӾֻܾܿתһ룬ԼȥҲûʲôڰȫĻ̻̣ѾЩѿزס棬ôȥȻᷢңҲ֪񺣿еĴ˭Էʲôܱ֤ͻΧɹ
ȻԼҲоԵģ˵Ĺؾħ˻ףֳֹҲӦһľ棬ٲãﻹһɫơҲʲô
ı⣬Ҳһ񺣹һЦһͶˣȻͷԸ˾
һӳµA8ھҲںɳ⳵˵ģҲȻͨɫ
ǿ˾ҲһսʿûԷҲһߡ
һ·ʻûӾ͵һլԺȻƧޱȣи߸ߵΧǽŻֲƷſſں涼дʿؾƷǼһڸڣԪо
ʱڣڶסôɾķӡСҲ֪֮ǰһЩסʩһӦȫ˿оĩս٣ǸһֻصĴ
ͣһǰһĸߴ͵ʣҲһߣ֮񺣻Ҫǿ
룬鳤͹ˣ
Էŵһ仰ͽеһʡƴ˭֪λյУȻ⣬Դѷӽ룬λպ绽Ǿ˵Ȩһӳ˿ռӡ
ȻԱϾֻǴԣʵôС
֣ľߣȻ˸
ѾǿһСˣң˸߾ԲھУҲ˵λ˽ļġ˽
ȴһɫӳǸ󺺺񺣽˱
ıÿһһǧƽһЩƵ׷˿Ǹڵܼˣų£ͷһ˿е߹ЦϵܣѵһǶʶʶǾСӵſǺడΪȫʮ񣬸˺ܶ࣬νˮˣǿʮָмģ
λнʮһ˱ôһ϶ܳΪ˵ʲôûһٴĹ鳤Ȼܺ绽꣬ԼλҪԶˡ
ϣûһĴ
ܿ죬ٴ޵ŮΧ˹һЩһǵعԱļһĳĳĳֳĳĳĳԱһ˵˿׻
ûԷɣȳԷĳֻǱһֲ赭ϣܷϵܵθڣǸһǰ澹Ȼǰ˸ʽʳ
ֻǿһۣоðһ֮
ѷ֮ǰһӲƷ㹻Ƶݻˣ˱ᣬʣ⿵ʦո߳սŵζҲΪˣŻоŭ
ѾʼƤˣÿ춼˻һһ̫˼Ҿ硣
ЩСԱʱȻ˴ųݻʣǿ϶˽ԲС֣ԼǼٿǱʵС׼ס
ΪּŻرķŭϣȴЦЦϤϼڳȻ֪ⲻЦŭЦ
˿Ԫ˵ﵽһǳߵĸ߶ȣȻԷ˿ֵ̱飬ܲźüߡ
ʣԷһʼûаʲôģһ£Լʶʱ񡯣Ӧల£ͷ϶뻢ıƤԼʶ̧١˵߲ˡ
뵽ЦѾ䡣


ʮ ɢ
ûһָʱĿ͸ֳоͳһŵĿ᲻ͬĿǴεģƷҪߣҲáһ̣ĵſƬÿƬڿдʱԼ״̬Ȼֱӵ鳤ôֻһСʲôֱ˵ͺãôųˡ
ʵϴȡʱʹӸ˼߻гǹľȡƬѾȷӵǿ￨ƬľߣһǳΣյĶ
Ȼ֪ˣôҲǷδȻκΣգ᲻һٻĹؾħƣ´ɱ˵
ȻһвҪ
СĽģ񺣺鳤˵ʱҪһСģ⣬䵽ʱ򱻶ȰѼһĶԼҲ̫
ʱЩŹ֣Ȼ鳤ȡƬҲЩüɫѿ￴ĵײˣֻ˵ӵǿ￨ҸʵǿԲ£֮ģû뵽Էôʶ̧١
ڿһȡٿƬ󣬶ǵһ
ȻһȡſƬоĹؾħྐྵȻǵԪѪ֮ЩƬ˵û
ֻǲ֪һﻹ͵͵żſƬǿɫƷʵ￨ǶȻ᲻һиɵһſƬ
ʱ񺣼æ߹ĿȵĿ˿ǰļſƬ촽ֵܣʲô鳤Ǻгģ˵һʵЩӦð
񺣵ĻҲǵһЦʲôһֻȡſƬˣˣ
Ȼô˵ȴûҪջؿƬ˼
鳤ǣ˿ȴǹһЦ˻֣Լµľߺ;˺󼸲Ȼ󼸲߹ֵ˵Ķԣᣬûˣ¡ֵܣҲģҲǾߣֻǸ𱣻ҵģֵ˵һҿǺгġ
˵꣬ȡһƿę́һȻ󽫾Ʊ˹
Ȼˣұֱ˵ˡϣֵܸҹı£ڰȫľƱĻҪӣҪΣգǶͶι㲻ԸⶪЩµ뿪˵ʵ׸ϾߣҪͻΧǲǲܡȻǲԸ⵱ˣĳҲܲΪԼλֵܵǣеʱ͵Ҫ˽һ㣬ֻɵӲŻԸһȺۡʵϵ㣬Ѿ˲پ٣Ҳˣ˽Ҳ˲پߣھľСӣҪģﻹһʳʱͻΧǣҵھǵĹϵʲôҲ֪ھҲˣмʦأüʮ˵ľӣԱãΣ
˵ţһƵ˹
ûнӣֻǷһ䣺Ȼ鳤аգΪʲôҪңҪ֪һ࣬һ٣
ȷĿǰɻԼȻǿ￨ĹؾħҲֻҪڵը飬ʵǲֵöԷ˴¡
鳤¶һصЦݵϵܹȻ˿һ͵ϵ㣬֪ͶιܸһʵרоԪ;ߣҵõϢǻŪһЩɾͣһ֪ϵǸооԱֹڡϣϵܽǵоɹȫŪЩϿǼֵǣģֻҪףϵʲôҶӦ
ԭˣ
ʱ֪Ϊ鳤ԼԭڴԪо⡣
ֽ׶ΣֻҪ΢Щӵ˶֪һ׹򽫻ᱻ״ƣδ϶Ǿߵ¡
Ԫùʽƿɣͨ˿ٳΪ֮ϲΪҪģԾ鳤ҪŪЩδȨ롣
ڶԷΪʲôұˣһо˱Ͳ࣬ҼûлõĿܣΨһȨģֻˡںͶʶ¿Ƣ϶鳤һףھԼļߣȻԼ
뵽һ㣬еʱǽ⿪ˡ
ѡˣƽĶۣ鳤ܲԼ˵ӦÿǿǣֱӴӦǾͬϼۣҲһ׼ľƢǼͷţ
£ͷˡ
Щ˵Ϊʵǲҹͬ鳤ֻ񺣵ƷҲһŲЩأҪҿ͹ɵĻǾ֪ƾһЩľٺʿЩߣҪӳǵĿҲߣ鳤˵ھǵĹϵǿ϶ָϵġ
˵Ϣ˭ùһ
֪ģ±ϾǵķȫǿĹ˵鳤ĹϵܻܲţǶԷ߶ȨҲܿԽǧϵǡ
ȻⶼҪԭԭǣǡ
λؾʱͻȻ洫һʮֹŹֵһХУǣڳ˳֮⣬ûеڶ
ҲΪ⼸ԪоͻƣԽԪϣҲһ·һ
жӿһɳ嶯¾ҪȥʱΪ½յ鳤ʱҲ˵һ˵Ļ
ֵܣ˵㻹һ֪ϼҲһߣǶϷ򸾣ҲһԱǵİȫ
仰ɾһвˣ޵ľǱв
ټǸԽԽԶٲԥ鳤ĺˣûбҾ͸ˣ
˵꣬תߡ
ʶ̧٣һ󸹱ĹԱʱ̲סһ䣬Ҳɫ࣬û뵽˸ɴľܾǵһ˵棬ֱڳĴ鳤
¼ߺͳǹҪѣֻȴ鳤ֹ˿Ȼк޲ϸɵȴǱֳһɴȡ
޷ϵȻȥǿǣı⣬ʱң
˵仰ʱͼææŶΪʱѾոǸŹֵˡ


ʮ ʯк
֮ôżҲԭģԪƬʮһͲֹһһЩ߻飬󶼺һЩŹֵƬԼһЩйϵ
ոյһԪҼΪϸС΢ܱ֤ⷢʲôʣĳǾͲӦ÷
鳤˵ʲôûʱ֪ԼƬʱ򣬾ѾԷĳ壬ԷûаϢĸɵԼ϶Ǹ鳤ðűĹؾħɱĿԣԸԼ
Ȼ֮ǻ᲻ԸԼֿԺܴ󣬲£磬вԷ棬вǸɴ಻Ҫˡ
ֵϸоǸֻǿܶԷѾ뿪Ȼ˿о
ֻģ̿˿ΧĻֻһϵĽֵǸʧٶȣٶȲܿǳ˳
ֱߵ·һǹڣԼݣǸʿ̾һֱʲô϶һʱͿԿȻһʣǸվڵʿ˵ոյȷһȥ
ڵĶţǴӷϻɱĹʬ壬һС͹ӹʬŪ¿õĶʿϴŵļ׻ףǸġ
ֱ׷ĿǰٶȱһСҲ޼ˣҰȫô󣬵ǸСҲֻǼʱ䡣
Ȼ˼ӣٴǸֻ֮ǰҪ΢࣬ΪӽѾԴԪзһЩԡҲоѧϰ֪ʶĴЩŹзֱܷڡ

üͷһ壬ǼӿٶȣһӲ͵ǸϽĹǴ洫ġ
ŵʿ˿̾ʾ뿪
ǰȫĽδ׼ӲĻʿ̿ǹɱ
ȻżҲֻſڳʾԼ֤ݡ
һξ˿¿˿ܲСӵˣδҲܽ룡
ϵֿܣһݡ
ʾǸξȻо֤ȡ˳˲֪оĴڣǸ֤дŵȴǰȫ൱ߵļ𣬽żˣСȨۡ
ǸξԲ׼ֻԵȣȻ󵽸õ绰ϵԼĪӺæܳһȻܲųⳤٽȥųҲ档
һǰһ󣬼ֱ̬ȣЩͨʿΪǰ˸ҵģû뵽һ绰˵̬һٰʮȴת䡣
Ҳû뵽ǸȫʵȨĶιҲڣֻʱҲʲôˣæ빤ǸѾΪ΢ƺһ̾ͻ᳹ʧһɲ
ȻҲûȥι㣬ǾֱߵͣԺһ˿̼ʿ˳ʬ壬ȴͣ£Ȼϳ
Ǵ⳵﷢ģ˿ȫǵڶ̬˵ʬ壬ϼ̵ļ׿סҲӶģְֱһŧҺѪĳˣȻ󼸸ʬҵһѶ
һʯͷвĶֻǴӵѡʮ飬ȻЩʯͷƴ
ʯˣ֮ǰ;ЩʯЩ죬ƴŷһԼĪһ׶ߣ޳ʯʯͬǣʯͷ͵ģԲͷԲԣѱġҹɷֻٶ
ȷǣոյʯġ
˿Ըоʯ̺Ԫǳأ£ʯڱɱͻʯͷֻˣǻʯ״̬ٻָơǰӣʯӦŶԣΪʲôԪ
룬һᣬٲۿʯҪֹԪʧþǽ俨
Ȼ֪ܲܳɹֻھߵ⿨ͼҲֻԡ
ʱҲ˲ú滹мʿֱʯϣȻÿ
أ
һһ׶ΪӴʯкʧ٣ȡ֮УһſƬ
ɹˣĿƬ㶡
ǧʯ״̬һϢ޷ʵ廯һƾõԪʥãԪʦĳ
Ƭֻм򵥵ļ֮һʯͼûмƬ
ɼˣҲãԼӦҵһһſƬʲôôʱ֪ȴԼֱԼ֮֮ǰǸصҲʧ١
պÿƬͷһǼʬʿĿɿڴĿԼȻոԼƬȫˣȫǵⷶΧҲѹ֣ڷְصʿ⣬ȫ˲ûмʹÿƬ˵ǽһˣȻǾޱȡ
ʱԶ߹һȺˣͷǶι㣬һھȻҲڣǿæкȥ


ʮ Ϯ
ڣ鳤ɫ࣬һӵҲھʱ鳤˸ǣ϶Ը˾ǸǮǾҪηСġ
鳤ϸû˸ҴΪΨһԼķѾͬ衣
鳤СӾƲԳԷƣ浱ԼǸˣֻҪһ仰ʹǰˣһò׶ĹͷӰһѷذףʱ˵
鳤ļһߣ֮ǰ£ϱżǸݽɫ
鳤˵ͷҲãֽ㣬öιǿҵ˼ֱǻˣоϣŪ
ǸͷӲ̵ЦЦȴȥˡ
ʱüͷ˶˵鳤˵ЩֶΣһɱɷҧǾ͵òʧˣ
ߣһСѣþˣǰЬ䣬ڸҲӣ˻ãѵҲǣǾɼؾȥҪǹõģҲɱӺҲҪðȫ˿Ҿܾҵˣûк³鳤һɱ˵

ǽйȥ֪ԭǰַһЩ͹һңΪǿ׳ιƤֻɫʮּӲͬӲʵĹûһѪ⣬ѿݼΪԽ˵Դֱҧۿն澹Ȼǿһָǿ׳Ƥ˺ָȫ·ڻ̶γɵļ̡
֮⣬ȳֳèƶӣԿٱܣóԾ
Ϊ͹ĳ֣ϵʿʧʮˣ͹ӵбȳ˸ٶȣײеĹʽұʿûеҲٷ֮ٸȾһδ֪Ĳ߷
С⣬ôãʡȥˣ¹ڴ˿ڽͷöæкȥ
ȥһȴϳֹ
ɥʨ壬зǳֲɱ֣ټ鲼żҰ⣬ʵҰ࣬ϲ͵ϮݣצӺֵļ̶ҪɥʨЯһֲ˳ΪɥĲĹΪˣԲŻǡɥʨ塯
ȻЩǲ˵ȥģ˿ҲǱֳ·һμֹӣ´Щʯкʿڣ˾ȻһоԱֲиոֽʯͷﾹȻȻˡ
һ͵ĹоΪҪץʱо¹ԾȻʲôһʬ걾ϻ
ȻҲһͶµоʮСʱɫƣ߳
ɥʨ壬һоԱʺϸоʲôطáһ㣬ȻǱ˭ɥʨĹӲֱɻףǵͷ­ֻҪ΢ӹͿΪһʮͷЧԱͨʿͷϴŵĸֿҪáҪ˵ĺöȴǺеһҡ
еĶ൱ǿңԸȻҾǶԸҲ൱ЧϾ˵࣬մȾɥʨĶأֶ̻̱ؽ׳ڣҲֹ̱
һΪҪ鱨ǼӵĸڣڶԼڣȻҲһ鱨
ץһŵĳˣȻմšɥĲĵӴں󣬲ӣ˾̱ڵأʮӺ󣬱Ѿһˡ
̫ˣϽжιԣ϶ҲһŤתǰȫС⣬˴󹦣˴ˣڵͨо˵Ȼƣ룬ȴ൱˷ܡ
ȫ࣬ǶвĻǳˣ˵ǵ̾ĳаЩ֮ǰҲ֣ҾĻǵİȫˡ
Ҫɱˣǻм׳棬ɱǣش֣˵һŤתܾ֣ڲŻ˼
ԴȴʲôϣɥʨĶȻ̱ɱˣɥʨ岻ǳˣǵ࣬޷ռ㹻ĶҲûá
ֻһû˵Լռһ㡮ɥĶءԱʱ֮衣
ŵʱְصľкȻƴ˾˻ĺ⣬һ߳о
оСӾס3¥ֻвһľ룬ʮӾͿߵ··ƧĽƧ·ļ
˿컹δȫɻЩ谵һЩޱڽֵڴ˯һЩͰȡůĻ绹ûȫϨðŴ̱ǵ
ȻСҪƽʱ˺ܶ࣬һ²鿴ȴûмͷ
ͷһưͣƽޣΪʹҲ˵Ը˶ư͡ÿһ·ȴΪͷúһھӣֵǽȴûͷ
֮⣬мҲڡ
裬˼һֻѾĵץ˼ſƬһֻҲס˹ǴС
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һ׵ͻȻóһǹͶ
ǹװǽҲ󣬺ʣԷһѵصǹ֣ӰǹֻƬ֮䡣
ķӦҲǳԤϵĿ죬ڶԷǹ˲ͽܵͬʱְγǴУֱۻסͷ
ֱϴó˼׿ƳɵĻۣǹӵܴ򴩣ҲΪоԱһô
Ȼӵֱϣ˼γһԴϾͻᱻӵ
ͷλų˼׿ǣ˯ѣͷͬʱ󱳣ǰأҲͬʱ⵽ӵ
ͬһʱ̣ȻǹԼ
һӲȻǰǸǹȥû뵽Ӧô죬ͱײ
һ̣ѵصǹֻ֣о·ɢһ㣬ʺʹһֻһ̴ĺ
ÿ죡ǰһͷ


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˳˲䣬Ǵж׼Ǹǹ֣׾ٽ䷴ɱ˵ʵûоѵʱʵһһ̬ĳˡ
һɹûзɾ裬Ϊǹ֣֮⣬оΧкüԪĲ
оߣϵֿܣԴãƶְ˼ǹҲ˳ͬʱЩǱӽһСͬ
ĿӽͬȥעĿʮΣգε߳ĸǾߵһ׷Ǹͬ
Сͬʮף׶Զǽں͸¥Щطõľ䡣
߸ɱָսͬͿǰһ޴Ӱ˹ͬһƶǽһ㡣
Ĺؾħ
ӽͬͬʱͽٻͬʱǹֺĸߣһ㶼д󡣶ĹؾħĳҲȷǽԷһǹֻûӦͱħһСȭͷ
ģС˵Ȼôƻ缸֣ͷľ߷ӦæˣһһȡһſƬҲͬȡһſƬ׼Լ
ʱ򣬴ӺͬһӵһոȡƬľɱӵ۾Ӻƿڴ˿ڣԽһǽ
Ȼ죬Ҳֹֻһߣ߻˳ǵĿƬ
һ̣һףֳֳܵսʿһֻŷݵĿԹ֣Ĺؾħȥ
һߵĿƬһɫ⣬ͼĹؾħͻȻһźڹ⣬Ȼɫѻɢȥ
ǽĳԵ䷨һĻƤһ֡䡯ʵķΪϡ٣û뵽ԷͿȻԻãʵ˹ʺˡ
±俨ĥĹؾħٶȼƺҲ˲٣ͬʱͬΪһﲫѾǴƣȫǣס
ǸֳֳͻܵսʿʮֻƬ̾óھħпɼǵ˿ڡ
ˣСӵﱻǣסǱ޴ɱڹȥɵͿԶĿƬͷľŹͷʮ꣬һһǹһŰѿᣬɱڵĴ˳Ĳ֮
ʵϴӸոɱԷһߺλþͱ¶ˣԷʣһֲĳǹѹ⼸ٶȼ죬ֻƬ̾ͳ嵽
һ̧ͷÿǸͷ𿳵ԼԴ
滮ķͬоԼͷƤЩ飬ָ񵲣ǿһӿֱϣг˼׿ǣֱ۾Էˡ
Ȼͷһܸ֣һûȴǹָԴ
Ҳ֪ϴų˼׿ǣֻдԴһɱ
鼱֮¼æһǹ죬ӵǲƤɹȥģһѪۡ
һ¿ɰųһ亹Լһ㣬ԼѾˡ
ҲɱͬʱʺԼµľߣټԶʱ׼ǹǹ֣֪ԼֻڵϦ֮䡣
ٲԥȻѾĿƬ
ƬǳɫƷʵ￨ƣҲһμĿᵱУŵԪŻԪҲʧ٣ٻһ۲νֻϣﳬֵ
أ
һ˵ӾУֻ˵һ֡
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ҽк͹ͷѵ죬һصĶ㣬СﴫȥԶʮǸǹֱ谭ߣȻʲôЩͷѺͲҽֻо˫ŷðһɺ
һΰ˸˳ĸܹѵؾǹ֣ĸǿľߣΪҪɱһ׾٣ȴû뵽
ȵɢֳ˼ΪѪȵһĻ
ߣ˿̼ûģѵֱۡͷɢĶǣǸͷߣ˿ֻʣһԴӵ˿ӲϵģѪⶼ˿״˿̱һ̬Щ΢ֵĴ
ϣһɫĴӣһһմѪĴ⿴ǧ
ʣһƬһεĿ˿վ󺺵ĿԼ
һֻоӽŵװðһֱͷһĿ۶ʣӵաֻϴŵƤԲǷƷֱȳ˼׿ǻҪӲӵȥֻͻǣһë˲
ûӵǹתܣֻôöԷ뿪ȴ̧һǹ˶Էϥǣǹֲҽͨء
һһ߹ȥԭزڵͼߵǹ֣͸һɱ
𡭡ɱңҿԸ˭ģǸǹֿ񣬼æ˵ͼӹһ١
شƵصһ£ǹϰֱӱҳһ̯࣬ǽһٸһѹһѪҺʮԶ
ò˵˭ģ˿̵˵µģɾֻȥǸ鳤ˡ
ܳĸɱԼԷҲ˲ٱǮ澭κвԼ˶淨
˿һѪģ֮ͬǰ߷ųڴƳֺ󣬴˿Ҳǿ֮ĩЩƬҲᰴ֮ǰִУȻҲ⣬󣬱᳹ʧٶȿ󵹸꣬ԸͶˣ߱ԿǣռΪС
Ȯûǻۣ翹һһֳֵֽСԲܵսʿȻҲҲƺ;ħ˫֮
ҲһãһǹɱľûüʹÿƬһſƬȻ뵽


ʮ ϽԪ
һŰ׵õĿƬһЦ
٣Զ͵һĿʩչٶ1Ч5ӡҪ1Ԫ⣩ʦķо࣡
㲻֪һŸԼӳֵԼֻǿƬϣЧܲĹؾħϣֲٶȱ㡣
֮⣬ûջˡ˿̿Ѿ˴̱ǵѪζ߼뿪ӣոս춯ΧˡǰûпΣǵͽȻͬˡ
ҲΪˣûκ鷳˳뿪
ȻһҪֻģɲ쵣ɱԷȻôͱҪеɴ˶ĺ
ڴ֮ǰҪҪ
ĹؾħѾȴûпҪ֪һλÿһٻĴ۶ǼһٻҪܹԪͻԪٶҪԺȻǿһװ϶ǲ˷ѡ
һƫƧ֮أֱҪһ׵Ҫ
õģǹйǴУʱҪǻȴͬ˼׿Ȼ̣˴ھоͷܴ͸׵ĺûֱӾԼСܲġټһδɱ˵ɹɱ֣кüζЩɥӵһ׿׼ӲĻףͳ˵֮
ƲǴȻֻһ˿ҲֳĲ
̧֣ȻҲȡһſƬȻصһ£Ƭһ鼮иָͻס
ѡһɣҿ԰ǿǼסҪĲϱԼ׼ֻ죡ôɤ˵
ǱϷҵףȻһһпȥĻֻ֣Ҵ󲿷ֻҪĲԼûУУһЩȥۼص̵ȥ򣬵Ȼǲɡ
ԣֻܴͷеĲˣʵûѡأΪĿǰܳϵҲֻһ׵ĴҪ
ϽԪףͨԪļӳԪԶȫ沿ṩܺõıӲȴﵽ2㣬Ԫʴﵽ51ӳ֣ȳ˼׿ǻҪӲһǸоӵҲ򲻴ˣȻѡ
Ӳȡ͡ԪʡвĴʻһͷһγҰС
Ӳȣ˼ǼӲ̶ȣͻףԺûһӲȷΪʮȼ0С12ߣһֻǿﵽ1Ӳȣ˼׿ǿȫﵽ1Ӳȣ2Ӳֽ׶ѾǼΪˡ
ԪʣǹעԪıԽߣǻ׵ԼԽã5Ĵֻһ㣬ͬŵֽ׶ΣЫʺһݣҲûҪԹ
1ӳ֣ͬٻĹؾħӣ˵ͬʱϺϽԪףٻĹؾħԳ4ϡ
ȻҪϽԪ׵ĴҲСȻҪһָ
žƬȻⲻŵԼеĹϵȥŪһֲָĹƴ˿һȴǷһЦﲻֳɵĲ
˵꣬·һ߹ȥȻĿɿڴУȥ
أ
ûеľ죬п˵ͬʱһֱӷֽ⣬ϡЩǽͬɢĴףһأеĸɷȴȫƵһšϽƬ
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·ͣŵļȫֽķϽȻźϽ߬ԼžƬݹȥƽпƬһȻһۿɼԪ
ʵҲǵһμɫƷʵĴȻҲǲ֪Ҳ;һʹÿƬ
ܿ죬źϽ𿨺žƬֽ⣬ںϳһţһº۳һװƬ
ʮӺѾϽԪס
һ״ƴĺϽԪʮ־£ֱԳ֮ΪƷûдףȫСһͬһĺϽƬ齨ɡ
ֱۣǸֺϽƬͶʮ飬ͬƤһȫȫƤϣûϸ߷ϣճϸϽƬ˿ϷԪ
ԣֻо߲ܴĻףʱоԼǾһӢۡͨעԪЩϽ׾ͻԶϵϣṩķȫҲǶʮ˵ʮʵڲʲô
ǺϽԪûиǵĵطҲһѼԪ
⣬ֻһףֻƷȴﵽɫɫƷʵĻףȻ֮˵ǳԴ֮֡
ǿѾȻյᵱУʣֽ׶ҪһſƬ
һεϮҲûиˣϼֻδᡣȷεĻʹȻǸ鳤Ǹͷߣ鳤ıʱȻ˺ܶ࣬ȴǵÿһ˵ӡ
񺣶ȻҲǲУȻҪԸԼ϶Ҳ
ӵˡϽԪסͨӵ˵ɱǸɵ鳤߳ϵİա
ȻûʮɰգԷֶΣ˵ģǴһЩŪһЩԪըӦ׾٣ԼźϽԪףԪըըҲɥ
Է̹˵ϽԪױһڵУҲҪ顣
鳤ܴ˻£ȴ£ûʮɰҲҪԭǡǡΪɵԷ
һΣ鳤ֱӶʮԪըô죿
һΣԼ̹˻ǱϰʿΧô죿
Ϊ˵߳ɰգٵһҲȥ뵽ûл3¥Ǹȥ


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˿鳤ĴϣŮǣھ磬ŮǶӡ־ϾǵƬڳи߰һһЩúոֶҵ¡
˿̣߰ഺŮȴǾĽȡڴˡ
ΪֻҪһ仰ǾпܺЩһųϦӣ
鳤ЩͷΣҹ˲پƣǸͷɣ޶˵Ů˫֮ʪ
ѾܴͶľٺʿѾǧˣټԭյؾ;첿ӣֵµѾǧھߣҲڽܹĵļ˵Ѿ˺Ͷιͥʵ
Ҳݣͷԣռ˴
˳ӵˣ鳤ǻţͬǸҵԼ²̨Сӡ
·Ů˶һƣһߺȣ鳤һߵʱ򣬹ͷӦѾˣߣ²̨Ӿ֮أ
˵֮䣬üޱȣŮǼæķ̣һǨŭǡ
ʱͻȻһ졣
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ǹҽһţֳޱȡ
ģأ鳤æеȻСµʿ;첿Ӳһֱߣֻжʮͼߣһʱ侹Ȼ޷ֵǸĽ
鳤֪ڱһ㣬񺣴˿̱ڵϣһȱһشٹľʯҶϣãͷ󺹣һġ
ֵܣ磬֮ûгҪɱ鳤ûϵ¥ϣԩͷծȥɱУֵҾԲţ񺣴˿ֲ̾ѣôҲû뵽鳤ڴɱ
ҶԷʵ̫ˣʮѵصľߣȻ޷赲ĽֻƬ̾ͱ
ӵ̾ͱܽһŻûκЧһЩǹõľжԷ沿ǣƺһѼķ㣬˺
ֳһѹǴкǾ޴ĹһÿһιܴһͬǴһ
˿̣ǰվŵֻԷĹԼ
ŶԷĻȴЦЦַ޳Сˣ˵ûУȴǾĹǴС
Ҫɱ֣񺣴УһǵСӵľߣɱңҲý
δ䣬ն£񺣵ͷǹڵء
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鳤˿Ȼɫ԰ףȴǿ򶨣֪ľӷ϶һʱϵҪҪӣֻҪܽʱӹȥԼܻ
ϵܣ嶯л˵ĵдʳҶԸ㣬¥ŮǣǶģҪʲôҶܸ㣬ֻҪŹһ鳤˿̼æ˵
ֻҪһŹǴУһһ߹ȥÿһǲ鳤ϡһӵʬжԷǱıĹǴУЩҴݲ鳤񾭡
֪Լߵһ壬һǵ
㡭㡭Ҫʲô鳤Ѿոǰ㵭ʵ

˵ֱ꣬ӳ˹ȥ鳤ŵôһǹֻǶڴϺϽԪ׵˵ֹ㲻ϡ
һ̣ѪⱩǹȻֹ
ʱ򣬱ͣ¼ÿʮѵصʿһ³ǱɢѰ壬Χ
ӳΧǽðŨ̵ʬıüͷ
Դϴδֻ˼ι֮ѳɹǱΪµʿҲһٶţһƬȫڲ
֪סʲôˣǲĴֻǲ֪ʲôϮ
СֵǹȥСһ㡭û˵꣬͸ΧǽԺվһ޴Ӱ
ʣ಻ӵͣһӦǹ밲ȫˡ
һ̣ȴǾǸߴӰʮϤƺʲôطµСʱָǸ޴ӰһϲǸ˵ĹˣǵĶˣ
ʱȻԺ̸ֳһӰǱٻǸ˺޴֣ˡ
زӣǾһֱѰˣȴʼûϢû뵽ڽٴ
Ǹһǰûκα仯Ƥͬһ֮ɫֲڣЩطйĸͬƤһ㣬֫׳ӣļ߸¡ԴСҹͺͺģ°ȴ󣬹ļһױȵС
ҲЦˣΪһ̣һ˴ӱ˳


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һη鳤ûκλУȫӲȥģս֮ڽָɾ䣬ûиһ׼Ļᡣﳬʮǹߺ鳤˿ȫʬ塣
Ȼûɱ¥ŮǣֻǸͷɱķӡʵ鳤һвˡ
ϰǹʵʿסˣΪӵʱ䣬ԼԴȥȴû뵽ЩʿķӦٶô졣
û뵽ǣִӵľȻһԼܶæԳ֮Ϊ˵ˣ˿ȴһһ˽Լ⵹оΪΡ
ˣ벻㣬Ҫ㣬ҺСǾͶˣǵġ㴳˴Ǹסŵ鳤ڰȫҲʵȨ֮һеľ첿ӶܣҲ֪֮ʲôԹҵֱ¾ǾͿ϶ǻˣ߰ɡ̯ʰЩʿҵˣ˵ȥһ˾Ͳ˵ˣʱС˵
ĺӣаɽ׸ıƣһˣһˣҲһ
ʣɷܴ鷳ĸԱˣжرԼжסԼҲͲˡҲΪʲôһϵԭ
ǰ鳤Ϊ翴ˣΪһѾΪųСҲЦŷ
ˣҡҡͷԼȻɱ鳤Ͳ´ĺ෴Լ²ûĻιͽ鳤вˣˣڵĵȨֻҺ͸ˡ
˵ԼֳʵǿӲս̾նжֻҪǳӵ˿϶һ㣬ٲɵҪƲԼ磬ʵѾڷ֮ˡ
뵽һЦСģһһ˵²ǡˣҽ
֪ʱԼˣ϶С
СôȰߣһͬȹϵϣĲˣͲǹˡ
ܿ죬ʮ˼Ա;ģˣһȺؾʿܻĳ˹
ƣСɫ࣬а̾һǹߣھ߶ˡ
ǵĳ˭ȻһʱϵΪʲôȥˣʲôϮ鳤ĹۡץûУǣ鳤и̣ЩͷϾ·ͥһУľŭ˵
ٸһѹˣʱֻǰ񣬲û˵УһԱһ۱㿴ȴͻȻ϶ɵģץס
Ȼ鳤£ʱԱҲڳ鳤ɱԷҲ֪һ¶ûУʣϮ˿϶ˡ
¼ֳؾҪǰץˣʱС̴סҲǾǹǹ˨ҿ˭Ҷ
ǻԳ֣սšǸУŭѣȴ˭ıѵʶϰǹˣ֪·ϣֽ׶ҿֱǹǡ
Уһ仰ʿ̽ȫΧҲӲʱûнȥҲ֪µ൱ΣգԼǵͷˡ
ȻˣҲǻȥˣЦһһ仰˵֪ǸУҲ
Ȼ͹˶Է
һССξӣǸУֱҪˣǺԥİγǹָ׼۶
ǳʱڣ¼Υϼصϼֱǹ¼ǰȫ䲼
ȻУɱһӰ٣оԵȨôҲȷţԼǹξԷʿҲ
ֻǹָͷϣ͸оǰһӰͻȻһ·ǯһ߬ס
۵˲УٵѾ۶ϣǹҲڵء
ֵȻóУƣҪǹȻܿôɥ֮²Ųò֡ĹؾħڲԶ˿ĹؾħͺϽԪ׼ӳֵԼϵ2һСɣ۶һ˵Ҳ¡
Уʱŷ˲ҽУûɿ֣һֻһΪЦƶվšһĻ˶Ŀɿڴǲ֪ڶֵʱѾǴɱˡ
Ծһ첻µزµˣ¼ȻߵһǾֻһȥ
ʱԶѸʻһȴǺԥϳȡһſƬʵ廯һŴ󹭣׼Щ첿ӡ
˶оâڱǸŹâļʸӵмҲϳǵСӵĳ
Ȼϼ˰Χûһ˿ԥȥ˭˭ֱѡ֧¾£вȻûκαİ
֮⣬ǿͼҲӳ첽߹⼸ٶܲУȻסӡ
ȴŪľ⼸ȴǿ˿Ǳõı;޴Ĺؾħֿ˿סУʱһͷεǻֻܲܲˡ


ʮ ʼͻΧ
ȫܲͷѾȫǰ׷̬Ҳ࣬һ˫۾񡣶棬ιñֱ
ˣԼĲ£˵
׳Ļι۾һȴǵúãһ˽˴ʳҹҹ磬ų켺ֱǰȫ棬һֱûڳԸҲһɱ¶Էǽˣٺò˭ɵģѵǸ
ڶι㿴ֶɱ鳤ģҲֻиָˡ
ǺһЦҡҡͷǣһֱļӣʲô紵ݶжˣǵСӵɵģ֪𣿡
ιȻ֪ȴǵ˵ͷ˵ǾСӵĳԱооԱںܶоɹ󣬶ӰӣǸ˲šһʧܣҲҴ֮һֻĿļ˲پߵģ
ϢǧȷһԺʵ㣬ôŶι㣬ζ˵
ãΪʲôҪι˵ܿʶʲôȴֵ׳˼鳤һϵ췴
ûȻۣӼ߰ߣϣǸ߹٣ôˣ֮ǰĲǲưոݣʱ£Ȼѹȫ¸ǧٿסȺףʲô¶ǲðգһ©꼰ľǰȫ˵İΣԱҪ
ˣҲͨˣ鳤ı֪һֱжʮϵľвپַɱˣǸҲδҾãΪҪƽЩǱ߶ǻòʧءңڿѾѧôǻһɣ
Ŷιķʮοĵ˵ͷЦãܿôȫҲȷǳˣǾͰ˼ɣЩ˲ؼУֻɱһӰˣһֶҪݣԲ⣬ȫѾüûϢˣǿݣֻͻΧˣ£ҲٵˣͻΧǣֻһǵͻΧǼƻѾƶˣնɡ
ʲôһֱ侲Ķι׳һ仰ȴ̼ˣǰУԲУ
ΪʲôУˣҪô˳ȥҪǣΧĳˣնƻҲ֮ǰƶõġѡΪնʿҲҵıҲиĸ޶ˣҶΪȫָӹ٣뵣ΣһۿûͷˣôЩȥѾ㣬Ժͱ˵ҶıȻҵĲ£ִɣ˵󣬶ȴվɫδйļ
ι촽˼£˵ʲô˵ֻǺᣬֱ̧ۣһ

ɱ鳤飬ܲȻֻδᣬƺû֮⣬ܲǵڴ˼¡ĹԱ;٣Ҳ˿ͬʱҲָܲӹ٣ȻԷһǳӢľ
Էѡ˶ԸԼ϶£˴Լ˶ͻΧ
ѷĵʮ죬ȫѾٽ㡣ǰеʳ﷢ŵѾֹͣ񷢷ʳֿõϡûˡ
ʲôԣ̻Ѿݲеʵܲˣ͵͵뿪ȫҪȥҵԵġֻĶôףȫΧһֻ֮ҪܳԵģͱչһգÿһ¥ÿһ䣬ÿһӺͳ룬˷˸׳죬һ׶ʣ¡
ҪҵԵģֻܽһ֮ڣĹἱࡣðս룬Ǳĸֹɱɡ
ǰѾ´˳ͻΧǰʮһжǺεӴѵ£ֻǷͻΧҲкܶû׼á
ƾооԱݣȵõϢһˣ֪⣬û׼ã죬ῪʼͻΧ
ĿǰСӵʳ﹩Ҳٵÿ˭֪ٲͻΧ˶
ΨһĺϢǣΪ첩ʿǵоɹˡԪռ⼸ѵ˳ɱӣ̶̼ʱѾ齨ӣˣǾǿͻΧ
˵ڶ糿̫ո𣬴ӰȫͺƺƵĿʮ̹˳԰ټƵ̹˺Χдʿ滤ﵽˣȻǵİȫھҪʼͻΧ
ֻͷӣ̽·ʹͨ·ֻĸ߲֪ȳȥĲӣʵֻǡնǵ񣬾ǽеĹͳ˶ȥΪĴ󲿶ȡͻΧʱ䡣
Զȥĳӣ׼󲿶ӳĶιһξһֻһΣҲ޷Ҫ֪ιԴҲûеᣬʮľĸǽ־ĥһΣټǿľˣҲ޶ԡ
ΪιǳնҪٵĿʮĳˣûĿܣӵָӹ٣׳
ųǡιľԱԣٿޣȴһȻǰ߲ܽʲôֻо޴ıʹ׼롣


ʮ ֮·
һƾɲаͳн·ӿݵ·óҡҡλΣڳΧֻܿеĽĶ
ܽаͳģͨˣеǹԱеǾߵļһЩԱֻֻͨܿУȻһЩг˳⡣
аͳϰ֮࣬ӻ۳һòĵ·⻺
˿һͳһ֧03ʽǹսװŰ˸ѹӵĵУΧĸ¥ãȴǸпѡ
չ׶Σû뵽ᱻͻȻشƣΪ棬ǲò뿪Ϊ֮ƴĳУǵδһõĶڣЩһȵͷҪ
ʵҲֻԼŻᷢ̾󲿷Ϊͣͬʬһ㣬뿪һûκηӦ
ͬսг˼׿Ϊ׵ϼߡ˿̵ϼûһŮԵͷ㷢һӼԺ󣬲ʩϳֳһഺϢȻױÿھߵУҲǳıɽˣǿʵòҲǾѡ
ֱȴʱȴת˾޵Цݣ˻Ϊһ¡
ΪĿǰΪεˣϼõܶ༼գôϿƬԪͻԪʽڵһſƬҫһŵԪҲϼĵһԪ
ϼѧϰҲо죬Ȼϼ߲ͨͬӵԶͨߵǱʡ
аͳ£һӸ滤ȻǸӡ
˿ӿ߼ʮݵаͳߣȻҲһȡһݸһ֧
̲ӹ˿һ䡣
Ժ鶼ûˣСǼһ춢ţͲҪûǺһЦԼҲһϴԸͶֻаѾ˹Ľ顣
ԸˣֱǷһȻǵֵܡԸȴΪһԭ򣬷ʱ䣬һİˡ
֪Ѿֿȵˣϴ㵥ǹƥɱ鳤һˣôһ飬ȻǴ»СС»ޣǹ˼µļһƫ̻㡣˲㱳дţ˶ͽأЦţг٩
һ̣Ц磬Ϊ׸ɵ鳤ܲŲҶң˵Ǹɵһ鷳ϣʵǵһλġ
ǵǣ˵ͷʮͬ˵ԼΪΪߣܵӵбΪɵȨ
ʱȡһſƬݸ󣬺һȴЩг
һſȡ200ʳ￨Ȼֶ֪κܶ࣬ܿǵһߣҲû뵽Ȼֶ
ţЩǸӦõģҪʱٸӣȻҪһЩҲҪʳȱҵֵܾţȡʳ￨ķ̸󣬺߼æǺãȫԪ뿨ƬķʮְԶ϶ԼĥʮҲ벻
󻹷һ㶼ߵǸŮϼ֪ϼǾһǿߣѾ͸ΪǿߣϼȻϵͬһ㣬ȻȻ뵱ȻҲΪ¹ϵ
·ձһһʳ￨յܲ·ġᡯС
ʱ򣬾ԼĪʮԶĵطͻȻһڻ졣
֮ǰȥǸ飡̧ͷ˿Զȴ̾˿Сֵܣһ£Ҳ˵ģͻΧǣܲƶնƻ֪ʲôնǾרųȥеĳ˺͹Ǵ󲿶ȡͻΧʱ䣬ľˣǣ
Ҳͷһ˵£ͬһ㵡ͬ˵ģЩ֪һɣȥˣԼû־͵
Щ˵ܻ˵
ҡҡͷȻǷ񶨵ġ֪նǣƴ󲿷ֳ˹ҪͻΧȥҲ¡һʮӳȥֻɣģ·ˡΪԼı䣬ΨһͬǣһԼǸڶУʱܱ·ĹߣҪ̫ࡣ
н˼󲿶ӻǵĹս½½һЩСȺ˺ʹë󣬵ˣЩҲһӴĳǶ˺ܴ
·һܻܿһˣ·ߡӺ;ߵޣܱˣȻʱֻร
͵£Ӻ;ԽԽȫҪռλãҲڶҪͷ顣


ʮ ͬ
ûйʱӵҲݳƷѾʡӵ˿̣ںһɱͻȻֵһȺˡ
ʱȻǵ֮ʿ;߲ŵĿ£ֳһѹǴѾɱֻˣûһӵ
ͿһһһǼǵĳΪʾǿԾ֮ϴŵĳ˼׿ǣҲһ˸ɵֻˡ
ϼȻҪһ㣬Ԫ֮ӵҪ󣬵ȴ˺ܶͨʸʹã˵Ҳ֣ϼĹˮƽֱָľ飬Ǽ鷢ĳ˱ࡣ
ʣķͷϼˣͼָȻɿವһһ֧ͬһ䴩һ˵ؿڣһӲһ֧ʹϡ
޳ģջƣ̾²˲Եģڲ˿УϼѾΪŮĴʡ
һ߿һֻˣȻһ˵ϰӾͱն£ĳȻҲ
һֻˣ˲մŵѪҺճҺų̴ʾسϢ
һγͻϮ˶ʮʿȥСʱǼҳ㷹öˣ˭ľˣһԵҲһ
ʱһϸʱͻȻ˳㣡
һʿ˳ΪԷҪ£ȴ̧ǹָŶԷߵ½ﲻҶЩ죬ͷһȴǿһΪŮˣ·ͷңϸһϳȻԼǰͬء
ǰڹ˾Ϊ߰ÿŸ߸Ьųȹ˵һѣÿ쿪һɫϰࡣĹϵֻһ㣬ֳ˹ûʲôͨͬ¹ϵ
ƺϳԼǸŮ˼æҰأ
ƺԼؼæͷÿŬЦš
һ£ؿνǾ˴䣬ͬĳ˵һͬɽ˭֪ʲôʱǡ
ûڳ˵ϮУò׺ӵȫΪƾ֮ǰϵٿԲĳסȴû뵽ҪӶˡ
˵ֻһӣЩҲüβˣһסĵطûСΪԸûʲôԵģֶ֮£ֻǽõıһԵġ
˺棬λɽ˺ģ˵ԸΪһĸΪһͷȻǽһªˡ
ǶӣңǸ˳ǰһͬ£Ϊǿû͵
Ȼѷֻǹȥʮ죬ȴǾʱ˺þãѵĶ˰ȫһ·Ѿ˼ޡϮʱ׳ŵӿ˿û뵽ȻһϤӰ

ڹ˾ĬĬŵˣȻΪһǿľߣŽзˮתϳͬʱһеܳʹϵ
Щ˭ĽЩڳˡůͣʳţֻҪͷܰµůĳΪԸ⸶һȡǰˡ
ڹ˾ؾ֪լо͵Լزš
뵽عͦͦأջȴµģ
磬Ҫϵϻλãܺù棡ոصʿ˵ӵıʮֹ
˵ͷĿأֻΪʶˡ
ȴ֪ͷ˷ѵʱƺʲôͷһ˺㲻ʶ
صĻŷ֣ԶһηηվԼĿ⣬Ȼǹ˾Ǹ
ֻ£ԷĻһ˿ɹʿӣ꣬˶һȦǲѣ۾ƬһؽŲ߳ɲֱ
˾ûոϳʱ;ֲѣҺˣȣҪԸԼֱѴ֮֮⣬иûһ˿⡣
ޣ
أŮ֪ԼǰйڣȻԼԹģ϶Ϊ˰ͽǰͰŮˣԼһû뵽ƾȻܳȥͽУһԹ
£ȴûбֳֺ
ʱϼҲ˹ʶĿϼĿɿڴǰһ˾ģȻʶֻΪԷǰ̨Գߵϼûʲô飬ʵ˾Ҳֻϼϵ
ֻû뵽ϼҲΪˡ
ʱŷ֣ոյͷǶԼʲô˼ֻǵĺ⣬ΪϼԼͬһǵ񣬶ʵϣھһ
ǰˣߵʿԸһ䣬תȥȻûбҲûҪ˼ԸǣȫǳͬһϵȻոеһ˿ҲС
ԴˣȥǰЦԷʵʵҲˣͬµķݶϣǳȥҲûʲôûȤԼҲ޵ľǶ𱨵ˡ


ʮ ˸
һЩĳȻ޷赲һͻΧȺֻǳ֮·Ͽ϶ôһ˳Ժ󾿾ʲôǾĸ߲㶼֪
Ϊܵһʱ䷢ǱڵΣգڴʮԽҰġѲ߱ؾ䣬Σգһʱߵ֪ͨܲ
Ѳ߱ԽҰڣʿнͼΪ·߶ﴦ۲Χ
ǰһƬҵ֣¥ƸĿյķ£ֻһƬš
ʱԵΪ̶ʿǹӳʼ۲졣
淽ȫûзκвһʿԶ۲һͨߵȥ
ܿ죬ʿʼ濴ȥʱ򣬵ͻȻһ𶯣ʱƣԽԽһ̣ʿԶһ޴Ӱ񱼹
ãйǡǸʯˣĿȷϣʯ˴ӶϮ󲿶쿪ǹ쿪ǹ
ߵﴫʿľӵǹֻǲһ죬еȻֹ
ͬʱһɹװĳһоµҲʱ˸豸ڵĻ˵ЩоǳҪԲжϡ
С⣬츳ȻһЩǹһЩдɾ͵˶һ˶ʿ߲ʿ֮ǰҪԪʽѾŻܶΣѾԪõĻͨʽܶصĿƬֻϧҵʱ̫ˣܶо豸û˳ֻԺ˵ˣ첩ʿԪоѾ˳Եĵزһ㣬Ҳ൱
ʱ򣬳Ȼ򿪣һʿʯϮϢͨ
ʲôȥ첩ʿһȴǼæ˵ȴüͷһֻһʯˣǱԼŪһֱ۵ǸĪǹˣ
ֿ֪ԲûУȼԽߵǵǻҲԽߣӵоѪͳˡ
뵽ҲæȥԤУһҪˡ
˿̣ʮ̹˳Ѿᵽ鶫򣬳֮⻹ǧȫװʿԼߡ
ʯ˵ǿ󣬰ȫ֮ǰ̹ӵлȫĹһεҲǼЩҼʯǿ˴˿̶һ࣬оͰǿ
ŵ𶯣ԶǸߴ׵ӰҲԷĶۣϱۼ˲ǿȷݡ
ڣڣԲʯ˿֮ڣ˵ҲɣֳָӾӵľ֮ǰڰȫߵǸųû˭־ʯˣʱڼھɱһӵˣݻ˰̹ˣԴ˿´˹
һΣаȫΪұʯɱһͿأͻΧУ˷ûκ壬һʯ˿ýֺͷ
ʮ̹׼Ȼͬʱڵ
ʱ޴ڻ쳹񾪻ʧ룬ԶĻ֪ʲô£ģԶǸ޴ӰĿɿڴ˫ȲеС˿ӡ
ڻЧǰһԣȻϹһֻ۾һֱۣʯ˵ķɿƿֲټȫܣڵܻģΧըʯ˵˺͸Сˡ
ܿ죬һָˣڶҲˣʯˣеĶսˡ
ڻڻҪͣǴڵҪָֹӹŭܿ죬ͱֹˡ
ڻûãֻ˷ڵˣǹʯƤȺϽ𻹼ͣҸһԪֻͨǸͨʿˣǾߵս
˿̴һ׳׺ͽĻףߺͣͬһսһ㣬гʮߣⶼǴӾߵѡľǵԶͨˣԾʵǿǵͿƬҲܴ
Ǹָӹ˿ĭȻģҲ֪˵ûȴǴ첿Ӻ࣬սڸ˸Ⱥߡ
ҺҵӭսʯˣЭˣӵϼˣԶ̹Ĺ̺ǿԪӦÿ˺ˣ˵꣬ȡһſƬһ޴˫иȫ£ϸǿһ̹ˡ
һ̣ͷȥ
ľҲǸԼͿ㿴ɫɫеٻɫɫ
ܶͨڶǵһοߵսǱһǿ𺳣Ҳ֪˭ͷȻ渫ź
һʱ򣬸ʮѾʯ˼սһ
ˣǿҲǹкܿ죬ǵ߾ת˼⡣ʣǵֵסʯˣ鷳ˡ
˭ϣֻǿһۣ̾˿ӳ׼ɣǵסʯˣ
޵ķʸҲΣӿϱ۵ľ˵һۣ֪ʯ˱һθǿΣա
ģ
ͬΪҲǿʣʯﵱҲǶڡһԼ֮ȫΪ͵Ϯͬʱˡɳ塯͡ͻش̡ŷƬռ˺ܴһ֣ɼˣһҲֻǿԪ֡һ
£зƬһŭʯˣҲԲҵĻˡ


ʮ ϣ
ĻȻǿһ㶣Բôš
ô֪סǿʱʵĶԱ֪Էûаգ϶ô˵
üͷȻҲôţȻ֪ʵǿǵʵҲǽȣǸ赲ʯ˵ľ߾һ˵鲢ᷢ
ȻֳֻǿĻ¾мӸΪżľŭʲôƾʲôô˵ǾǿҲֻһҾͲ޵ˣ϶ܽɱ
ûҲǾ߰ɣߣȥûУҲ˼ʴʣҶ죡һŮԾ߶м˵
ܿ죬ңڶָȴǵ糣һԡ
ǵȷסǸʱ򣬸һȴǳ˵Ȼʶڵ˲ֻ࣬һͷ֣ͬһҲָ
ߣǶƨƬеȼֵģʲôǵȼ֪ǴȫͬĴڣʯ˳ֺ󣬳˶˱ᣬǳˣеĹﶼڶѵǶû֣ΪǵﱾηǿĴڣʣʯǵĿǰΪֹҼǿĹϵԪŨȾһǧֻ˼Ҳ޷ᲢۣһԪʯƤǶͻڻǵſܳ׻޹أȫ⣡̷˹ȥͬʱȡһ˼£˵Ǽƿԡ
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֮ǰ˵һŮԾ߲ĵߣ㸫һʱʧûеֵסʯˣϼأԪ֮׻ؼ׳ļ׿ǣڿ϶ܵסǸ
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죬ͶѨ壬˾ʹʵ￨ȡ伢ҲˮΪߣԶˣҲζĻָҲࡣ
ʱ䣬оԪʽͳѨеڣȻʱҲϼǣûгɹͻΧ뿪ǣĹ㣬֮϶ܲܳɹͻΧֻܿԼˡ
뵽ЦһԼǿˣһӢ۾ȻǲԼ棬һʧĿľħôڵʱֻˣΪʯҪҵĻԼҲ׵ıԼˡ
ֻʱЩҲûãʱЩ˼£оѨ޴ڵڵʱһ֣óڵЩѪһĹܵȴǴܶɫҺ塣
ЩҺ̺ǿԪӦǼġӪҺȻԪͿԽǿɿƬ
һС̲ɫҺ壬ķλԪõһſƬ
泲ӪҺϿҩܾȻĳˣ̺Ԫ;δ֪
Укֲ֪ܶ;ĲϿղϿԭֻҪӵԪĶԿչϡŹֵĿƬ߼۳ۣ˵˹ֻʲôǲ֪ˡ
˼ֿƬ󣬱ʧȥȤҲ˷ԪڼٴζֶǿȤΪһ֡
ڳ泲еƬͻȻԼᵱУһšǧʯƬȻ˹ŹֵԪ
Ȼǵ鳤ؽ֮һֻѾʯк˿̳һſƬȻܸоƬϸԪʮǿңͬһʧصҪƿһ
ϸԪӦһ£ȷԼĸоһſƬȻǲϷԪƺڴʲôϢһ
ʣһ£Ĺ¡
һ浱УҲû飬κһٷʲôǴҲһ
һſƬȴһ⡣
ץһſƬܵԪѾЩܿˣζһ£ƬܻԶ
ҰƬһ
ԲĴ˿̿ƬϾȻʼ𶯣һЩƣȻƬ״̬Ѿ޷Ķˡ
Ϊ˱һſƬҪʧȥ֮ǰ˳ȥһ̣Ƭصһ£˿Ƭ״̬


ʮһ ķ
һƬгֵĶʶԼΨһһϡ
ǵúſƬʱ򣬷һʯͷǴ˿̣Ȼ˻ȻԪγɵûȫɢȥǸĶǸǧʯ
ԶвȶԪһģϾѾڡҰķˣͺһֻһΣա
˿ǸͬСС޳ʯֺȴǶ޶ãһֱ㿪ʼͷŵһ̲泲ӪҺϸͷҺУ˰
ûжĿһĻϸԿǧʯĹģƯһ˵һʯһͷŵ棬Ѻۺ˿ڣʳš泲ӪҺЩѺۺ˿ڱ㿪ʼָƤԭʮԵʯҲʼйɫ
ܿ죬һƬɫĳ泲ӪҺͱ˸ɸɾǧʯӣȶһ³򣬴һö
ûǴö
ת壬
һ̣ǧʳʬ۾ֻҪԷκιĶһʱӦ
ֻǧʯȴǷһķ
ſ˹оǣûиܵκɱ͵⣬оһ׽֮⡣
ǶԷԪɢ˼٣зɣʱǧʯѾ˵˽ǰʮǵԴ塣
ʱЩ֪룬ǰ˵һЩ￨Ƭȷֳֺ󣬻Եһ˲׽Ϊһ⣬Ƕӵһǻ۵Ըº͡
ǳֻ֪ɱ¾϶
ĪǧʯҲһǻʱðһ²⣬ͷ˿ǧʯͬɫʯһͫȴǰֿܡ
ֻǧʯԼ֪ʬ忨ϾȻԲŻ׽У˵һ¡
ϧֻһǶǼֵʹĲһˣ촽૵
ǻﲢ󲿷ǻĵȼͣǲܱѱϵϵǵ͡ǧʯӦֻһԾǻܷӳҲʮޡ
˵ôһҲʮѵãǲ֪ʵΣǺĹؾħ˭ȽǿһЩ
һ⣬ȴ֪ʵǧʯ̫ΪصĶѨڴͻȻһ˻Уһֻײڵ˽
ǧʯ̻ǰǳ죬һͬһӹһھҧס˳˵ĺ
ٶȾûпֻܿһӰͿǧʯצ׵ٿ˳˵ţ̽ͷҧסһ˺˳
Ǽ׳棬ǧʯҧסһ֫ڷܿ죬ͱǧʯҧ̳ԡ
ԭǧʯȻԼ׳Ϊʳոһɱʵ̫죬̫ˮǰ˿ûеֵ֮ͬǧʯǳ˵һ㣬Ҫһ£Ǿè
һٵǧʯ˷ܵĽһķ촽ƺζֻصߣȻпһź֮ǰȻͬɫƬ
ǧʯһ￨ӣƷʣɫ״̬壬ʵ廯ޡһƾõԪʥãԪʦĳпʵ廯ķѶԪ
ƯԼǰһſƬֽץȻ֪Ԫʥá͡ԪʦʲôԼ˹ʺˡ
ʼԼ˵ǧʯкԵɺ½һǱһ泲еġ泲ӪҺӦһֿԻָǧʯƵĶСʵ廯ʳ泲ӪҺָƣ˶Լ˺øС
Žз·תԭԼûʲôԱ֮û뵽֮پȻǴ벻ĺô
ң⻹һɫƷʵ￨ĿƬ૵ȻǷķķĽУԺͽ㰢ķˣ

泲дΣصĵطٻг˹ˣеĳ˿Ҳһʱ䱻ķɱ̳ԡ
䣬ûʱĸƣٹȥһ£ΪԼƼȬҳԵζҲʮˡ
ʱβܴӳȥǳ泲жѨһ㣬ҵǳˣһʧ󣬾ͿĺһֱûгԡֻҲ֪Լóȥ
ڴ˿̶ѨͻȻһɫӰӣһ̣ǧʯķͬһߣżֻճҺļ׳档
ķϲǲôӲ׳棬ÿ춼Լ뿪Ѩȴԡٶȼ죬жʮϢڳ泲֮һµʱɱĳ˺ͼ׳Ҳϰֻˣȴû˵ע⡣
Űķ³׳ʬ壬ҡҡͷʾԼԣǰ߲ŷһķķĽʼ
ͬ£ÿ춼ᷢȻѾֲ֡
ʱ򣬸ոճһֻ׳İķƺʲôȻ̧ͷͷȥһ㶣֪Ȼ·ֹƬ̣ͻȻͷ˺¡¡ľ죬еԪҲ˾ҵı仯
Ƶĳ˻ƺ泲ȥ


ʮ ӳ泲
涨Ȼʲô£һ泲ĳ˲㳲㲻ʲôˣҲ֪᲻ܴ
Ȼ泲ĳ˼㳲ȥԼٲû뿪Ƕɵˡ
뵽̴ӵϷ𣬻һ֫Ȼ󽫳ȡк˰ķһʹͷһµĶѨ
ķǳ飬ʮͨԣȴǶ³ʣ׳ʬ̸˳ȥ
ȻͨУѾǿտҲûһֻˡٿ񱼣·Ǹ׳Ѩʱһ£ȴ뵽ʲôæǰץסֻոշûм׳棬ԪǿƬ
Ƭ׳׳棬һлԪʽѧϰĳɹ
ʵҲԽ׳ɡϿ׳ͬûκôҪ׳ɿƬҲ￨ȴԼĹʽҲ˰ķϵץ׳飬ܳɹ
׳Ԫùʽõ磬Ҳ£ǰŪֻ׳ūۣҵһЩʬǼԼҲһЩū͡
ʱȣһֻ׳ҪλԪķѶʮԪĴΣֻɹΣѾǷǳߵĳɹˡ
׳濨Ƭǰ
ķٶȼ죬ƺҲ֪ͼȻǰ·Ҳʡܶ鷳ͬԹһĳ泲Уãܿתư춼ȥ
аķ·Ͳͬˣǧʯ׾ҵ˳泲ĳڣֻ˲ʮӾͳ˳ȥ
˿ϦµʱѪȾϦʿȻǼΪ泩ǰһĻȴӲĺ˻ȥ
ʱǱһǰӵưܣ֮⣬ϻһǡȻЯײڵϡ
һεĿƬ׹䣡ʶʲô⣬Ҳǳ泲ϷĳΧֻ
ȻЩ￨Ƭҵ˳泲ϣΪ˱ѨŻ㳲ЩʵԱȳö࣬ÿһιɱֻˡǳ˵ǿ֮ǵӴֻһȥʯּĹҲֲʲôô
˵ȻһûᣬͰķһæ뿪Ƿ֮أ·һЩˣڰķĹҲκв
СʱɱΧѾ㵽һ¥СһߵƵ꣬ײһͬ׷Ȼĵ̺ϴڴŴķʮֻһѲӣв
˿ΪһεĿƬ׹Ѿҳһ࣬¹Ϊ̣֮ҲۿɱȻʱȥǼΪǵġ
ֻϣûйﴳһ¥
ܿ죬ûзκвİķ»һۣȴЩۡոմǸ泲ΧͻΧʱ򣬰ķΪ˱Լֻ˹һЩ˿ڣͬˮһѪҺ
ķʯָ˿ڣķ˻ҪԼվڣȴ̷Ը
ķ۾˼ʮּ֣Ҳ޿κΣȴǡķķĽ˼Ȼŷ𣬵컨Ǹϣʯһ
֪ķǷǳصһֻʯɱʯʣǾʯָ˿ڵٶȻ
ķʯҲһµദСһѾкǿУȻϣˡ
ӵ̺ĵһȻķѾһ飬ǿ϶κΣգһǾΰķġ
ק˳ˮܴⶫȫڵŰڵֹͣԵ뵣ġ
֮⣬ҵһͷһЩҽưȻͷûгӲͷʤڳߴڵҲڳ
֮ڵͳ׷ķ䷴ȫס͸һ϶Ӵ۲
ʱҹɫѾ٣һƬ׹Ҳˣع׹µĿƬҲϰţɢǸ
ȻǳȥռһЩƬ̫Σգ˲ϴĽֵӹһЩ֮ǰġɥʨ塯·һ̵ľԼвֵĹУӹһֻֻӰҲʯǺͰķȻͬͣϲɱһģªûǹеԶ̾ȷʱܷеʯǼΪΣյĴڡ
ڵ˵ҪĿȻ뿪ȥѰϼǣǴȽǣҪȵ
߲תƣȴǿƵ겻׵һݶҴðĹŨ̡
۾һ
ʣһƬ׹㣬ҿӣ׹ĿƬûбԼȥȡſƬĿԼߡ
ֻ浽ǹոմӳ泲˵ʵʵڲðա
˾ۼһƬڲԶֻҪȥпܻһǿĿƬջԿԵֵġ
֣һ˿ǱһּѾòԪϽףǵԼᣬ鿴ĿƬ
ԪţѪ֮ţֻѪ֮ûʲôôҿޣԲûбɽȥ
ɫ￨ΪûлԪʱӲãȥԼܶõĿƬҲֻŸոմӳ泲Ūġ׳桯Ƭټһķ
ֻԼĳˣʵЩֻķ̫
ȵٳȥһЩȥʱͻȻ뵽һԼհǰ˺ʧȥܶᣬȻһΣΪԼ
ѵҪصޣȵһſƬ˵ԶˣԼʧȥһλ᣿
ν߷и߻رֻһζȣԼǺһһһɣȻԼᣬΪʲôȥա
뵽ҧҧȴ߬ȭͷ¶ģȥȡһſƬ


ʮ ҹս
ԼĪСʱ󣬰ķͻָдˣʯֺôǲǴܵĴˣֻҪָʯ״̬ܿٻָ
߰ķԼĴ㣬߾Ȼһ˫ɵĵ˵Դ
һ㣬Ҳзֵģķ˵Ļ˵кܶǻﶼֱ죬ҲͺܿȻˡ
ڰķĵһսȻκжҪһͬ⣬Ȼˣǵϣ̴׷뿪
ҵʬԼļ׳֪ԼܶŪһЩ׳濨ջһЩǵʱһµʱ׳濨泲ʱѾǲˡ
ȻԺлᣬ϶һЩ׳ĿƬ£ָֻˡ
Ҫӳ׳ʵͱüϱɳˣҪǵҵʬ壬ȴһ׵¡󲿷ߵʬ壬Ҫô߶ȸãҪôϽ˳ѨУȻҵƵĳڴضı⵱Уʬ塣
Ȼû˹磬ܷԺܺãдı飬ȻѾ˽£ıѾȫΪǷյĿռ䣬Ե򿪺ȴǿ˱滹û̫õļʬ塣
ЩʬĴӦƵıͳʦѵʱǻ̫£һ㵽⣬ûڳǱ
ӣȡż׳濨Ƭȫʵ廯
ڣֻ׳ΪԪȫǺܿͷֱѡΪ׳ʬ壬Ȼ˽ȥ
ͱĹ뿴ת߳⣬渧ŰķԴϣһԴԲԲģ滹ͷĽǣʮ˳֡
˲һ֣Ŀߴĳ˾ʹӱ߳ķӦ죬̷һͺ˹̬ۼֿһѽЦԼòŪֻˣķɵǿû˵
ķԼˣԼˣָĵĸķŽͣߵʯһ۾˿ֿ˿ֻòªȴʵʵվĳˣȴƶǶĵ˵ͷ
ȻûӣȻʱʱֻˣƺ൱ġ
һЦսˣΨһϧǣԼԪֻʣĸλ޷Ԫٻǰվ͸ˡ
ֻˣǱһǳʦԣǿ׳սӦòȻǸǰվųŰķһ¥ߵһ㡣
·ļֻͬСĴë󶼱ķԼٶҧϵʱ̽ͷ¿Ȼٴֻ˺Ͱķ·ŶĽֵٽֵĽǸƬ׹ȥ
ʱ򣬴ǰֻˣ´˹
ٶĻǰķͬһɫ˳ȥҧֻˡֻٶҲԼֻͬ࣬ûӦĳ˵ĳ̴˶Էڵļ׳档
һֻˣһֱ
о˼һĻˣķƿųļ׳֪ģȴû뵽ԼֻҲһȻҲ˺ļ׳ʳš
ЩӾȻͬࣿüͷһȴûֹΪͻȻðһ뷨ǳ˽һַʽ
ֹֻǵĽʳΪԶֳһЩһȺɥʨ壬ٶȡΣնȶҪһĳˣԺ͵ڶ̬ĳԱǶ㿪
ڽֵںңһȺɥʨڲɱһȺëûдǣ⵹нƹһڣǵһſƬ׹㡣
һУſڵʯʨʮ䣬һֻ죬һֻ죬Ǵֻ
ķٶ죬ſһӷɹȥվʯʨͷϡķķĽţƺʯʨӵͬ࣬ȻʯͷǿԸʯ
ʹֻ˻ԼΧŸ̨ףһȴǴһ
ݶҴԿһſƬƯĹ̨жʮֻΧͼȥֻз˸룬˻ûгȥһмֻɥʨںͳɱΪԶˣ˵Ҳֻڶ̬ɥʨ岢ûֵô
ȻʮףܿһſƬǾһšֻ˿̿ƬΧԪȻҪ˶ãпԶ
ô˺ɥʨ̣ΪҪտƬΧԪ
ƬɢĻԪ˵ҲǴ󲹡
֪һſƬΪԪգܿͻԶȻԼҪõһſƬҪץʱˡ
ʱļֻ˿ȴ˻һ˹һݣȴһӽԷͬʱ´˹
Ȼǳ˻ɥʨ˵ǵˣƾŰķٶȺֻСܵıͬɱһɱ䡣
һЩϣϽԪҲṩ㹻ķһֻ˻˹ҧסĴȣĳ޷ͻƺϽԪףһӽ׵ΣĳҲֱһֻɥʨո˹ͱֻ赲һ½ԷԴ
󲿷ֶ˺Ĺȱķͳ˵ֵǰķΪܷУԻԼѣһɵҧһֻˣһɵһ߹ĽֻҲսȫϹҲһֻǱҧһֱۣƶԳ˵ûκӰ졣
һսңҲɱۣϵĺϽԪҲǼ𣬼Ѿ˱ϵıԵﵽ˼ޣޱȣͷĸ;ˣǲˣȡս
ʮӺڳֻ˵ĵڶ̬ĳ˺һֻһϢɥʨ⣬еĹﶼ˵ϡߣķƾкٶֻһˣֻʯʮӾȬֻˣһֻֻˣԼȴûʲôˣϵĻ֮ͷãĳѳΡ
һƴȫˣ۾ֻȴǴӵһʬӲһݺݵǰȥ


ʮ 
һɱ֮ԸõһŷƬȻ˸ĴĴ󣬵һȶķƬȴǾ൱ֵġ
ͷҪһŻԪ㼯ǿˣ
һֿ֪Ƭ֮ǰùġͻشֻ̡߲ͣҹٶҲҪʹõķһžʵսԵĹƬ
ҪͷĻԪ֪Σ춼ҪʼԪˡ
뵽֮ǰڳ泲УֻΪûлԴ˷ôʱ䣬һҪҵһЩӦ
ҪʳҵĶ࣬ûзʲôʹûһֵƷҵһƷġzippo
֮⣬ҵ˼һ£ء֪УҪͨԪʵϻƽҲǿƷģȻˣЩҲû
Ȼ˵ԪΪֵǮһЩҲֵϾٻﻹʹ÷ҪԪġ
ڴ˿ɢֽңȴûпһۣѷ֮ǰǼӰӵƴƴΪ˶ⶫڣƨɶۡ
ȡһֻڶ̬˵ĹǴ̣һЩƲѪճҺɾȻ˼¡
ʹ˳ֻ֣ϧûйУֻܴ̣ܿǴװã¿˿ûֺ뿪
ʱ֣ķԼֻūĳż׳ʬ壬ķãֻѾԱųɵ߲ͷʾ׽ֻˣΪˣڳԸͣ
ǲǳͬ࣬ɥʨѪҲǵʳʱԼֻ˵Ϸ仯ǵ˿ڿʼϣǵĹҲʼһֻ̳˼ֻڶ̬ļ׳󣬾Ȼ˻һʼ˱졣
ϳ˺ɫĳףӣ˫ִ߳ĹǴ̣˵ڶ̬ĳˡ
һֻȻûб죬Ҳ֮ǰǿ׳ࡣ
ȫԤϣû뵽˾Ȼַͨʽʣڶ̬ĳڵʵϣԵֵֻһ̬ĳˣ˵ԼȻʧһֻˣۺʵȴȥ
Ȼõ˷ƬǲΣ֮ؾôŰķֻ˷ǸƵĺ׷ԸֻסһڣٰٺðķʵĴϣ˯
һֱ˯ڶѹҲʱ˯һķûе컨ϣǶڴڱʯ״̬Ƕȿķʦ̳ܵƷƺǸоʯĶ˫˴ϣǵĽԴ˹
һԴСĵ͵ŷ϶⿴ȥ
ȻҹĹﱩѾͣЪȥȻʲô죬ͷƲ㣬ȴΪٱҹҪ˺ܶࡣ
۾ϵһֽ¥ǰƵһŵͼʮּףֻǽʮ¥ӸߴȥһЩ־Խֵͽ˽ȥ滹עһЩԲȦ
ʵϣ콫һЩƬ׹עȥˣȻľǸ׹㣬õ˷Ƭ׹Ķһ⣬ϲսֻա
ǽ죬Ԫֵָȴֶ˼
ڴ֮ǰԪ
߳䣬ֻū۵ĳͬ߸һȫͨڡһ˵ƵĿƬڼһʱڿƬֻȴһ⡣
Ǽ׳棬Լ׳ʬϱģϸ˵˲ǿƬ׳һֿʵ廯ܾõ
˵һ£ҪԪʹۣһֱõֻ˵ػһֻѾ˵ڶ̬ˡ
ȡһһˮ˶ӣ˼Žļƻ
ҪɹŻԪΣʱٻƻʹûƬõԪֻҪֿƬĵԪҲǷǳˣһҪʮλԪǶɹһҲֻš
ֻǼˣҲҪ죬ãԼϵĺϽԪѾ˱ϱԵٲǾҪˡ
ҪľŻԪ
ȡеõĴ׷ȼһѷֽȻʮλԪȻĻץȥ

͸ƲһЩ϶ȥһЩɫ룬ʮҫۣŹϣ
˿̵ǣһ
ûд̳ǣȻѾﵢһ£ٴҲûʲôϵȥƬ׹
ûмĿƬǾǴ׬ã׹ĿƬԶˣҲƻ˵ʱٳǡ
ڴ֮ǰھƵĺ׷ɹŻԪһٻֻʹûûκ⡣
ڸһƬ׹㣬ͬʱҲʹķʹɱ·ĳˡ
ͶȻֻūͣҲΪ֮Ѿɵڶ̬ĳˣ׳սǿ󣬶ֻһֱۣҲΪǿ׳ĳˡ
ڳ泲סһµ˵˽ϰԵˣ죬Ǿ󲿷ֶڳ泲УֻкٵĳʳҲ֪ǵԡ
˵ΪһЩѪζһǾΪˣʹһЩ䵥ĳɱԹͶ̳ԡ


ʮ ʵ
ѾͻƵıԵֻ̳߰׳Ҳʹһ˵ڶ̬
̵ĳףĹǴ̣ǿٶȣֻߣҲһ㰲ȫС˭뵽֮²ѵĹ˿̾ȻԼūۡ
ֻūͶѾǵڶ̬ʵһΣϰķֻҪСһЩǵһЩ̫Σյлûʲô⡣
һƬ׹һƬ棬ڷ֮һҳԲӣΧʯԼ¶ĸֽҲƵĺۼ׹ĿƬȴǲӰ
ȻԶˣϸĻԿΧһЩŻպ۵㼣ʣһ
Աһµ㼣ĴСȷһһȻȲʯˣҲǺĹؾħһ𣬶û
ҰѰƬõĻպһſƬ䵽ߣãϵһ׹㣬ȴֿƬѾԶ
ֻûзڻһʱ䣬ûͣǼԶһ׹ȥ
Сʱﵽһ׹㣬ȴһЩ鷳һֻһͷţСļҰ˻һײ
ҰһﵱвʮĽɫǵܶ࣬ǳżҰֶ㼣ǿĻӦͷֳ춨ǵ
֮⣬ּҰҲʳãһͨյĳʦһ£ζá
ĿǰһͷļҰʮ־вԵģײԽڶ̬ĳֱײ飬ҼҰϵļҲǷǳӲͷҪ˵ǿһԴִ
֪һֻҰ϶ǽһƬطأ϶ԼߣԲŻ
͸˻´﹥ҪԸֻʹóײĶ֣Ҫֻһ㾭飬ȱ־顣һɱҰҲĿұ졣
廹ǹеܻɱֹĿǰֻͷײӲǽڡ
ֻ˸ǣҰǳûͰķ˵ȫ
ʱջһѲǹԼֻҪӵĿž̵һ˵еʱǹеȿƬҪһЩ
Ͷٶȼ죬żҰҴܣú첼ţһײ
ܿ죬һͷҰͱŭ˫Ŀͨ죬󺿽Уöӣ
ڣֻվһǽǰ棬ȵҰҪ嵽˲伱æһߡ
Ͷɫ񣬼Ұ·һʻɲʧһʵʵײһˮǽϡ
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λǼҰĲλǶȿԺܺõıܿǴ׳߹ǡ
һǴȫ̻֮¼û룬Ұ˼£ֱͦͦһ
ǧΪַܰԲˬҲΪɱһͷҰôף֪磬ַܶɣҰײ飬ɿڵʳ
ַҪǵٶȺһ
ŵһͷٹصҰ̾˿ԪķеԪԾҪͷҰɲϿҲġҾһϵҲУǲŻ飬˵Σķĳз棬Ұ⣬ɢŨѪζҲֲָʳߡ
ôһɽֻŤͷ뿪
ܿҵ׹㣬˵ǣһſƬûбһƯڿеĿƬȴ˷ܵĴһ̳ȥɻ
ڽѰĵڶ׹㷢ֿƬײ˴ˣ⻹һšԪ֮ìķ
Ԫ֮ìԪһͶĳìˡ
һŲҪԪʩչķֻһλԪҲʩչȻǷѣӳ˸ĵλԪԪ֮ìҲԽǿ
һſƬպãȻǳ˷ܣ죬ԼֻҪһŻԪŹƬƣķʹǾǹڣҲܸɷԷ
¼ĿƬ׹㻹һҲԶ׵ľ룬ʤ׷ȥ
ֻһֱߵǸʱ򣬲ŷһ׹ĿƬѾԶ
ջſƬѾǷǳˡʱͻȻΧĻЩ죬¿˿ȻԼ֮ǰ
֮ǰȫ֯⸽վʱģϮ˲ءǻһԶķնﻹ˿ֲ顣
ʱͻȻ۾һ
ʱǵֻϼնһߵĶԼһᡣ


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뵽ͲðһѹƵͷ
ǾǽǸնȡ
ڿƬϵУݵĽɫԷǱѰõĿӵиɿƬĸӣҲ˵һԿЯĿƬ֮⣬һЩỹܶһ˻ùΪսʿѵĿᣬǿԽκ͵￨תΪֳֳľܵսʿĿᣬСζʦᣬԽܶתɸ͵ġʳ￨
УӵĿʤľ飬ǸնĿᣬҲӵԵĿᡣ
Ǹն̫Σˣϴαûʵ嵫ȴޱȵ鴩ԪĿֲ¡
龹ȻʳԼԪһܸ嵽ʬ˵ʵ벻Ըİ취
֮ϴϼ˵мػǸΧóȻȥԺɱ졣
֪Σգɵֵסջ
Ծ֡Ϊˣ룬ȴ뵽һ취ǵõʱϼԪ֮˺ǣһ˵ͬ˵һʥĶ⣬ȻҲӦû»棬Ͼȼһʣ϶Ҳ˺顣
ԼͷС͡Ԫ֮ìŪһЩըϼѻ棬Ÿ㲻Ǽֻ顣
ңԼдƣͶаķҲУԼҲܵõ
ǣһνնļƻͱճ̡֮¶ѡðգҲΪʱƣֳзԽԽΣգԽĵĵطǿԽࡣһ뿪ǻ֪ʲôʱܻһ˸Լǰͷȡ߿ᣬǵúŻҪϧһ۵õ
ܿҵ˵ӳǸֿ⣬ҵڣȥҪȵ졣
ڶڶʮĸλԪͻᲹ룬׼Ѻ͵ҲҪʱ䡣
ڸһȥ¥յĹԢ¥ס£ͬôҹڶҵһ䴩˼ƿӣ˼׻ѣ׼ǸеڵĲֿ⡣
˿̣ӵ¥ݵĵͬһĴ죬̧ͷ˿ѾֵĳȴǵһѣȻȥ
ķʱƺҲоʲôȴǲķķĽ
̽·ȻǴͶðķߣֵһѣƿȥ
ûʲô仯ֻһҲûע⿴ӣǰնͨڣǰȥȶȥһѣȻôȥ
ʱ򣬷նͻȻһӰӣ֮ɫ֮ǰ顣
ٶȼ죬ֱ֮ȥǸٶȸ죬ܿûǽʧ١
ʱ˵ǺֻǼȻͿǵľ»Ҳ˵ôǰԼǾֻǰ
֮Ȼû飬ӺߵǸڣϼ˵ͨȥ
ڻѵҫ£Ǳߵľһ࣬ԼĪʮ֮һһĶңһľϣȻһᡣ
ͬϼݵģһȥʮֺصĿᣬǺʵ䣬Ƥܺ磬ǺںɫƤȻɫ·ĳַţʮء
ʣԲһͨĿᣬȻǼޱȣʱߵİķͻȻһʾǸоͷͻȻһ磬ԼֱϨ
һ˲䣬㵨ҲһֻӦҲ˲ֱһֽķڻ˫һţƽشܳȥףصʱ򿨲Ѿԥٻơ
ڰУƳ֣һ˻кʹ
ͶҲ̻ߣֻǱڻİķ˿ȴѶĶ˫ɳȥͺڰпĵ˼սһ
֪ķһ̰֮Ҳ൱֪֮ģȻǰ϶аգҲͲôġ
ͶȻԶԶ簢ķƣ֪ںδֻɵվΧ
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Ż汩ðŻ𺣣һɻ⣬Ҳ֮ƻž޴Ͱķһսżֻ顣
⼸ֻ鷢ɫĹâòɭͬãָϸͬûһƯڿУ밢ķ
ϣֻ֮࣬ռƣƺͰķȻƲǰķȻԹûʵ飬ǱƻҪ͡
ܿ죬һֻ鱻ķ˺ҧһŵɫţԾһĻˣķȻſһ̣һɫš
һԵƱֻΧȴҪȰķҪǱö̺࣬ǿԪ˺飬˿Ѿˡ
˿ĭ֪ʱԼȥҲﲻæȴǼ嵽ǸԣڷŵĿһץ


ʮ 鿨
ֱޱȣ̴˸սҲȫԤϣ˵Ҳʮ
ѵ
£ûʱЩ飬ЩǿЩԤϣƺͰķ֣˿̶ЩԲˡ
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ʬ壬Ѿ˸ʬ·ˣһ¶飬Ҳ֪˶á
ʱע⵽һʬﱧһŶ
ȫһƳҪ˵Щûע⵽Ժܶ鶼ᷢ
ʵϣע⵽ˣԭܼ򵥣ֶЩʬ嶼ûбֳرĹעһŶڻǲ˵û֮ǰΪĶȿỹҪ
һ˲䣬һǾֽһʬ廳ĶҲһȡ˳
Կ˿һϴĶʲôҲͬ
ʱѾķҲһΪ̳һЩɫţԲûƣֹＤ󲿷ֹжԷҾУҲδ˺ʱϾҲԲһ¡
ڴ˿̣ͻȻ˵ǳԹ޵飬ڵֶλǣ뿪ȫ
ȻҲˣͻΧĹ˺ޣȳȥֳڵİȫ
кķƹȻеƿͶ˳ȥ
飡
ƿѲıը˹ڷնǳ壬ƵȻ󣬵ٶȱҪ죬ʱһץסٿ񱼣ҲղƤסķһ飬ߣҲǿɿ˫˳
ȵֿ⣬֮˿
ڣѾŨ̹Ǽƿ͵ɲǸǵģټϷնвȼĶһѻὫն
Լ֮䣬ƺǼֻ˻УҲûʱһѻǴ˴ȻӳֿΧļȫȼǴҲܿ档
һ·ܵȵȫشŷְԼڣƣķ˶ǻͷëսģҪ໬ж໬
Ȼ֪Լڵӿ϶Ҳÿˣȴ൱˷ܣһжȻգһ㽫ԼͬưķһȥջȴҲǾ޴
Ǹؿɹ֣˿ӱｫȡȴǿ֡
ǡϡСĿᣬһ㶼жصƣ֮ͬǰ֪ġսʿѵ͡ζʦ䣬أɢűϢĿΪ顯
鿨𣿡뵽նֻǿ飬ȴǵǺǸܰ䣬Īֻ⿨ʲôϵ
ͻȻ뵽ֿܣոҲˣ÷鿨ĶڵʬҲ֮Īʲô
鿨ᣬЩԾԾԣҪԪΪãֻҪںԼԪⶫҪʱͿʧ٣ҪʱŻֻ֣ɱǴſƬƷ
ԪʱȴǱһͬͷƸֹˡ
Ϊɫӵ޷ŵ㣬ǾǸߵǻۺ͸ʶǻܶ࣬һֺһ޶Ҫǿ׳ܶġʿӵкһ޶ǻۣǣǵ˼ޣֻھߣս֮⼸ûļ䡣
ǳɫﲻ֮ͬԳ֮Ϊ桯ӵжصľͼ䣬ǵΪֹ졣ͬڣƬǲֹģȴԡ
֪Ʋ޵ķʸȴס֣Ͷȥһѯʵ
ųصĲ߹ǿһ鿨ᣬҸ֮ǰ޲ϽԪףֻٸһĻ׻
ÿһٻƣ4ŵԪ2ŻԪܻǿսҲܵõһΡѡĴᣬȻԸ
ϵĺϽԪױĿǰΨһܴĻף¹رȻҪ޸
ȵƽѾٱĺϽԪ޸ɣһٴݹϣ־Υİȫֻˡ
ʱᵽһɫĺô
һܴһʱ䣬˵˵ᣬȻ֪̾һǿԹ飬óȻܵԹĹ㵱ǰʵڵԪкܴܻᱻɵƽһ仰ĿɿڴʣƲƭˣҲ˵ԼոʵǴӹŹһ⡣
뵽ֻо󱳷ʱҲо鿨ϵȷЩͬѰֱִͬһ㣬ԭ澹ȻǿԹ飬ѣԼѾ˵ˡ
Ӧô죿ʵ
ܸоĳᵮĳʥأǡϣװǡ׿ֻǡǬݡĸʥأҪʹ鿨ᶼҪһЩǰᣬӵֻߺڰʣһЩûУҪеܴգпܱ渽ŵԹɵ


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ĿƬֻܳ㣬֮ᱻǿƿͬԪȫһ㡣
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˵ʥأϣװ׿͡ǬݡӦڡ硯ĵմߵĶ϶ʥйء
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¶˵ؼν鿨ᡯΪá
϶ľһǿޱȵԹ飬ƸҪΪãͱ뽫ԹܣֻԹֺ󣬻᲻ȡڵԪԱҪɵԹ飬ںʱܡ
Ԫȡ֮ǰɵԹ飬ܻ鿨ĿȨ
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Ȼ֮ǰߵԪǽˡѧѡˣֱԳ׸ɵԹΪֹ
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ڶ죬һ԰ȫĵطͼ鿨ᡣȻķһԱս
ͬ˵ģͼ鿨ʱȻǴһֲ˻УðһƤɿݽڹͷϵ顣
һ֣̿ʼԼԪȻܿƵıߣֹͣ鿨ᣬԪžͲֹͣ
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һϿԪóȻԣ϶Դ
ֹ֮ͣԹҲʧ١
ԹҲʮֲöԸԹ˺ʹûյЧҲһ㣬צӾȻʵʵ˺
Թץһ£·ֱ飬ϽԪϾȻۣûкϽԪףԻᱻƶǡ
ΨһܶԹ˺ֻаķһڷնʱͷˣķԸֶξȻǱƻҪá
֮Ÿոɱ˼ֻˣҳ׳İķ˵ܸܲɵǸԹ飬Ϳˣ
˵꣬ķԴȻҲ˼ȴǡķķĽ˼˼СצӣǶʯ״̬ʼ
ѡҹ޵ĵطһ㶼Ǹ߲ĽȻôͶһЩǱڵͬڣվһʮһڣĳС
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ˣǿˡԪƬ
ɵ߸֮ǰһЩ֪һֱΪԪͿƬڴѷ֮ųֵģռȴǿһֿܡ
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ǣΪʲôʮǰˣ֪ԪͿƬĴڣһһϡпߣǾʲô
ЩȻûܻش𣬻Ǹնﻹڹ类Լŵһѻվˡ
ռǱԽԽ׹У벻Ȼ˼֮£ȴǲټ˼⡣
Щòشǻɴ಻ȥ롣
Ҷڵ˵ҪĲŪ⣬֮ȥõȥ


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ɱ鿨еԹ鲢ûôףΣķǶɹҹҲͬˡ
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ֻڶ̬ļ׳ʬͬʱȡһš泲ӪҺƬʵ廯ʳ
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һҲֱӸ˾ӣǴΣԲĻþͿɥǡ
ΪԭҲʼʶĳķнȻǰȫ󲿶ӳķ򣬲ɱԹ鿨ļƻûз¡
ʱ֣Ա㣬һ԰ȫҿ̫䵽ĵطٴȡ鿨ᣬԪ
ǸԹ֣ͬӶצһΣȴûжܣһǴ̵ֵ
ͬʱ͵һԵİķȻſɹȥԹıչ˹
ûʹÿƬ˿ֻԹĹðķԶ󻯵˺ټһѡǿҵʱ䣬̫£ԹʵҲõ󻯵ѹơ
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λԪʵڲ࣬һԪľôԹʳľˡӺ죬ǿҵ£ǺüһݲΪԭԹŻᱻýڽڰˣ죬֪ʲôʱֻᡣ
뵽һݣȴǴһðķӿ칥һεȷһᣬʵڿϧ粫һλԪǻһ
ķȻҲȫʱƣϺϽԪѾ鲼ۣЩѾ͸ʺѪҺ͸Ⱦ˵Щ˸ʲô˿Ԫֻʣһλһͻᱻߡ
ǸײеԹҲѾѼĵزķĹʽ˺ҧ̳ԣͬڳһ޴޻ǡ
ûֹͣ˿˫ͨ죬ͬһͽһ
һλԪߣԼҲ˲䱻ԹɱڲһηһԹɻָȫʢ״̬һ̣Ѿȡ˳ԼһλԪߺûиɵԹ飬ͻʹһſƬ
Ƭ֮һλԪߣֻͬʱķһιԹ鷢һ˻УȻͣͬһ鿨ᣬʧڿС
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ٴ鿨ᣬֱΣոеȻ޴棬ֻԪһʣҪȡ鿨ĿȨֻܵȵڶˡ
һ㣬Ҳ޿κΣпָ̻һԪĿƬߣ϶ûеģֻܵȵ½Ԫ
ΪûԪڰʱֻʵʵĳ깣ҹɫֹ˻к͵ͺԼӦһ뿪
ʵУ˵ıκһСصĺǻԵɺµõ˰ķҲһǴôʱ䡣
ķӾʮѰһ԰ȫϢѡ
аķڣһҹҲľս֮ǰٻƺķеԪΪ˿鿨ᣬڵԪѾֵΣգʹÿķΨһ̵ֻаķԼ
һҹûзǰһë¼һȦһҹڻָԪ̻鿨ĿȨ
ǳϡе鿨Ŀɿڴ΢΢ǳϲЦ
⼸ܵΣպ͵´˿ȫ˻ر


ʮ 
鿨᲻ϡпᣬ֮ͬǰĴԣȡϡСᴢɿƬġӡͨҪö֮࣬⣬ϡпС̶ӡ͡ɸӡ֮֡
̶ӡֻܷضĿƬС̶ӡĿƬ֮󣬻һƬơƵЧǿԶõǿϡеĿƬֻþ߻ԶߵֻΨһǣһõ̶ƬͲȡʹãȻǿʹҲԣǡơЧͻʧ
鿨ġ̶ӡ3Ҳ˵Ҫ鿨ƣ뼯ض3ſƬ
˿3ոӣֱдšˮ߹ǳ
ɾҪŹ̶Ƭ鿨ҲдˣŹ̶ƬͿԼһ
ǾǽתΪսʿ
ǿʶģΪûʵ壬ͨѶ˺ǵצɿµ˺ѹ總ʬϲٿʬȡ
ܵõһսʿΪūͣԼʵõеӺܶࡣ
Ҫõ鿨ᡮת뼯3ضĿƬȻǶʱġ
ʱ뿪̶ӡ˿鿨ġɸӡ
˼壬ɸǾʲôƬʲôƬûκƣ鿨ɸӾȻ16
ٿǰ棬ڿı棬дһС֡
Ź̶Ƭɸӻ4
ʱ򣬾20ӵĿᣬҪ֪һһ12ſƬĿᣬҲòײŵõġ
㽫ԼĿǰеĿƬ鿨ᵱС
ھ˵ȻͬʱʹᣬÿʹһĶԪȻֻһá
Ȼ鿨ᣬʵûӶ٣ΪûдﵽԼʬ壬ԴͶż׳濨Ƭû֮أֻܳʱڿᵱС
ʱ䣬ŰķһһʯСнпֻҪһСʱ뿪ǳ˿Ȼ졣
ֲµǿֲĹﶼǿɲСġʱΪƿһǿأһȦⶫƵģȻ˷ʱ䡣
УԭѾΣյֻһЩӻҪӳżѰʵ˲ŻǰȥҲֻڱԵѰԲ롣
ʱƣԽԣǶԼǸ߼ĳ֣ͬСʱǰϾҪ뿪ʱȴǷǰؾ֮·ϳһͷذ֡
߰׳ҧļݣͬеıƬͬʱµжҺԽһʮ֮ڸʴһ̯ࡣ
ĶֻԺɱһıڵǼϰķơͶһ𶼲һǶ֡
Ϊ˳ǣԿǸſڷɹ̫Ĺﰵ̾˿ȴǴһһȦ뿪ǷΧ
˿̾ѷѾȥĸ¡
ĸµʱ˵˵̡̲һ̶̵ĸʱ𣬶ڴ˶һҲĸʱ۵ѿ
ǳ֮ΪƬϲ硯

·ݵǷǳģ·ԿֲѾήῴһЩϺƵ·ߵǧָЩܶҲ֪˭ͽϻõˣֻһӡ
Ұ˱ϵʬ塣
䣬ʬɻḯãɢ˿һֻ˶Ĵëڿʳһ߶ʬ塣
ʱʮһſݲݵУͻȻһǹ졣
飡
ڿʳʬĴëֱӱһѪԽһأ鴤˼±û˶
ǹǸݲݶһˣ˸Ӳߣƾɵ޷˷ܵܵ˴ëʬԵˣˣҴĵһֻë󣬰ְ֣ôҲ˵ֻǸСˡ
ۣȻһֻʮһкӣһ֧ʽԶǹʮƾɣ·ǴӲóһֱķڵϣǳȶкˡ
кһΪ׳Ҳ˹к˷ܲͬǾ;衣
һľͷɵḷ֮̌仹һ߶೤Ŀ
˿ϵĴëʬ壬ѵ¶һ˿֮ɫ۰кͷСƣ˵ھۼ֮ⲻܴ˵һϴ뿪ǹ㻹еѧءոһǹȷʵһֻëǲջˣ
׵Ŀ佱Ǹк¶˷ܵɫʽԶǹˣܿ죬һֻëͱ˩סȿڼϡ
⸸׼뿪ʱͻȻһ
˼ܲܺǴ£


ڶ 
ӳֻǿʼ


һ 㵶
˭Ȼ˵϶һ
һԸҲһǸ˷Ӧ죬ȴһӶ±ϵĴëʬ壬彫кͬʱѾǹָ
Ǹ󲻵׵ĵطȻվһˡ
·ãͷҲͦΣһ󱳰˿ſ˫֣ʾûж⡣Ǹȴһ㶼ոտʲôû˾ȻϢĵôľ룬Էʲôʱģ
Է˵ڶ޷ֶԷĴڡ
ѵǾߣ´һǰĵֲǾߣ϶òôҡ
ҾǾߣҲǹеȻԾ£һ56ʽԶǹ
һʽԶǹڶǹ֣Ϊεİ˰֣ٴʾԼûһ·ǳûзֵӰȫӳˣҲһҪʣһ·ûһˡΣӲһٶ๫ķһµʱ䣬źòˣȻǼܹҪһ
Ȼؤؤ˾
ôǱҲԭģ֮û֪ǵһٶ๫·̾жٿֲĹһ·ϻ϶ǵսľСֲָޱȵĹѪȵɱʲô͵ڴǻɱʯ޼ľ͹
ֹֻһЩض򣬶￪ʼʮ๫֮ڵûʲôǿҲΪˣŻĺۼ
ͷһԳԵĸӣһԸӣðķһ㵽ʮأû뵽ŶԷˡ
Է56ʽԶǹȻǿ󣬵Ի䲻ϽԪףһЩûиǵλã沿һѼԪַȻģԷǹҲûʲô
ʱظһ䣺ţûж⣬ֻһЩ£
һԸƺҲǷӦкĴɶǹڵҪʲôʰɣҾ㣬ҪԽûзԼжҾǿǹɱҲû˻˵ʲô
֪˵ͷʵǹֵĽ˵ˣԼ϶ȶԷ˵һЩоĻҲȻС
Ǵӳģǰʹ󲿶ӵʧɢˣǵʱͻΧķûмǣʵΪԷ϶ԼһЩҪ鱨ȴû뵽¶һ˿ŹֵɫȻľ˺ܶ࣬ǹҲ´һ㡣
Ǵӳģʵ·ôš
ûŹ·һ·߹һ²ŵʵ˵
˵Ļȴһ
ѷʱǾסڸسǣ֮һƬû뿪һƬ򣬵ôʱֻɢɢ˴ǷӳҲ˵ЩˣԲܶ࣡
ɢɢ
ЩԾȴǲɢɢˣʮĴ󲿶ӣʿˣ̹˳
ЦҡҡͷǸˣһƬˣûм˵ֹģĴ󲿶ӣУһ·ӳҲᱻ·ϸֲֿĹ˺ƬңеʱɢȼиãٲΪһЩϮĿ꣡
⻰סˣ뵽Լ·ĸֹŷԼ֮ܰȫ뿪ǣͽһٶ๫ﵽΪǵһˣĿС
ʮ˵Ĵ󲿶ӣǰٷ֮ٻע͹
뵽Ȼðһ亹һֱǴ뿪ǺѰϼǣĹƣ԰ȫʱͱͻΧ֮󣬿϶ԽµľۼأµʵȴǸһ
һҲڳǵʱϮԷɢȵǵʱһͻΧҲֻʣʮǸʱڳǵʱͺʹ󲿶ɢȻǲ֪󲿶ͻΧ֮
㶣Ҳǿûʲô⣬Ӧĳ;ӳȴǽŵǹ˵ˣǲǺʧɢˣˡֱԣܹԼͲˣܻű˵ġûطȥǻȥ⸽ǵһСۼأ˲࣬ǺŽᣡ
ĻһЦ˵ʲôȴԶһŹֵ
һ㶣Ȼóǰķ
óķڸԼкȥȴǿֻ˶ĴëһԵСг
ë󣬲ã϶ǸոյǹЩģ˼״ɫ̲ҰףǼʶë˵󣬵ÿһ;޴ݷޱȲ˵ϵĵ̻ǳƤܴ͸вѾļ֮¡
˴ûһԶԸֻëľ飬˿ɫ԰ףֻһ˵ҲˣԼΨһĶӾߣи̣Ҳûʲô˼ˡ
ԥ˾ǹ䣬ֻҪмٱܵеĿ̸ף֮ǰҲһĹˣǹҲòĶȥԽżԽңԽ䲻УӵڴëܹĵطһƬƬ
ʵ֪⼸ֻë󲢷֮ǰǹģǰķǼһӶˣһѸˡһëڶʮֻë󣬵ȻһЩ࣬٣ǳǧ
ķܻ飬һ·˲ֹһѣǾḻȻִ͵ѣֻ֪Ӧֻǽӳķצġ©֮㡯Ĺ类ķҧˡ
Ǹ˷ӵһȴûдһֻ̾˿ȴֽԷĿȡһ㵶ã
֮ȴ˳ȥ


ڶ С;ۼ
ëĲԴǶӶǵҪΨһҪĵǼӲݺϿԼļ̡
ֻֻĻԸ൱ɵġ
ӺкĿɿڴĿͬؤһġ񡯣һѿ㽫ֻɱڼëļ̣ҪôԷɵĶ㿪Ҫôÿ񵲣ȵֻëѪܵʬſڵϣ˻ʱ⸸ŷӦ
Ŷ壬̫ˣ̫ˣʮһҴк۾¶ݺ˷ܣУһ˻ɱôֻë󣬼ֱ
кĸףҲǸҲǴסˣŸæлոΪˣû뵽ȻǷ·ת
ӶԷе֪һԸӵӽǿĶӽƣҲԱ
룬üǴӰȫͻΧĴ󲿶ܵϮҲ˶϶кܶ˷ɢͻΧˣϼǶǾߣгԱ֮˵Ļһı
ͻΧĿԺܴȻһԸûм֤ҲûУ˵⸽һС;ۼأǴһԸȥˡ
£׼Ըӻȥﲻϼǻѡ
ʱ򣬽СƵкָűɱĴëʵ壬Щ㲻Ҫ𣿡
һ㶣˵ͷëûʲôֵõĶһ·Ȼǲռʬ塣Сƺ͹ǿЩеɫȴˡ
ʱʳʶʮֽȱЩëȻôóԣҲҪӪԴܱЩݸƤǿҴëƤʼӲһЩպõˣԷƳһҲһʱƤ£ζ֮⣬
ЩëҲҪְûȥɣǿô࣬Ұǰɣ˵꣬ȴ߹ȥֻڼϡ
Ĺأ˭ɱľ͹˭ֻë͸ǣ˷ܵĴһְһһɣʣֻס֫ȥ˷ʰëʬʱȴûԶٷɹһɫĶֻƬ̾͵ͷ
ǳԱİķһҲΪΣͨ˿ûмΪ˱ⲻҪᣬҲΪ˲ɣȴðķԼ
ƬﲻͬķһǿпͽģڰķҳԱϲ˯õϢ
°ķĶϢٹͷϱ仯ΪһſƬ
ȵǿӰʬ̧ͷʱѾİķͨ˵ķٶȿǺ޲
߰ɣǵľۼؾڼ⣬·ֻҪСʱ͵֮ǰֳʵֻǴ󷽵Ľë͸ǣǿ˿Цݣ彡˶Ȼûдﵽѵĳ̶ȣҲ߸λԪӹƺ޼ֻ̧ë󲢲ʲô
ΪһԵջϵķ˶һԸֵ൱ˡ
ѿʼѾȥ˽µʱ䣬ԪӰ£ٲˣҲһԪǿʡ
Źǿ͹һԸһ·ڿҰдУȻСʱ󣬾ͿһʮľΧɵС;ۼء
ṩˮԴﻹһб£Ұ˿õطǲ
ۼٶ׵һվһˣһԶͿǿӣСۼصڱ
ȵֱ߽˹
ǿСƣǻˣôһԻ˳ɣʮ꿪⣬ӲߣͷеͺȴǼΪ׳ʵŵһʽǹǧҪСǹһ൱ǿġ
ǿû˵СƱ˷ܵ󲮣ƣֻҴģһǹ
ǰ׳ӹһЦȴŹƵͷããСˣ
˵꣬ǿ˿ֻëʬ壬ĿƵϡ
ǿ˭
ˣҸǽһ£ϱ壬ӳģͼʧɢˣҴǾۼأǿЦ
λȴ΢΢һüǿһС˵ǿǰһˣǲʲô˶ŵģ˵ǴӳĹǶǳ˲¹ͷģ˵ֲֿĳˣǴë󣬶Ǽǧֻһ˶ûôܿԽһٶ๫ڵǺҿǰߣۼﶼ֪֪׵ˣСȴֻǹдǿǻ
ǿЦЦȴҿˣ
˵ţ֮ǰ齲˳ֵʱҺСֻ˵ʰëʬ壬ʱɱ˶ǹûС֮õɱֻëּãСһЩһ˴Խһٶ๫Ҳǲܣ
£һɱֻòɶ߰ɣզ
֪ҼǻˣҲãԲŴҪǸߣȥ˵ҿɲȥ
õõãĻɣ߰ɣֻǽҲܺúóһˣʣµƤܻһЩӵͷӵȳԵĻ󣡡ֵ˵һ䣬ȴ߹ȥӲĴ˸кȻ˵Ҫæһֻë
ҲûоܾȵǸСۼأֵź͹ǿ˸кƵСŻص֮ǰϾ䡣
ȻоˣйھۼΧҲܵһʱ֪
Сۼ֪ж࡮С


 һ
ƾɵľƲΧǵסټ漸׵ľդһۼˣҿᳬʮ
ҡҡͷгʮֻëֻֻϮͿԽС;ۼسĨɱ
Сݣãֻ΢;ۼأҼûκη
˿ֻ̣ھۼˣмŮժϴһЩҰڻĲ֪ⶫһµҲܳԡ
Ԫ͸ӰֲҲܵ˲СӰ죬˵ֲܶﶼٷ˱졣֮ͬǰǲܳԵģȴЩӲĺȻ΢ЩҧͿɬܳԵġ
ֻë󣬺ԿΪۼؼӲͣܿͷһʮε飬ΪԼһף˿ȴǱβ׷źĴ⼸ӶĲ꣬СľȻ꣬ʱ
˵ʲôĶҪģпǵǳͿ־壬ֻд档
ǼŮ˵Ѻã˼Ůˣ׳꣬ǵֻһһǹ˶ֻųͷǿǼææܿ죬ֻëͱǰƤȥëȡ࣬ϴɾһһһߡ
ǿڵˣһЩҲˣ֮ǰӦþܻ
Ȼĵʱ߸˴Ұжʮ꣬ҲʮϺǸһЩջ񶼺һ㡣
ȻЩСۼصĳԱǿǺ˹ͨʱȥ
Դûʲôܴ̽ϼǵϢȻǺã̽ҲѰҡΨһͬǣ˯һٱһҰҪһ㡣
Ȼһʣû֪ӳ˵ȥҲɵһ
ʱһ꼶ʮңȴѾƵϺ˵ˣǲ֪ûϵвһСۼأʮ֮⻹һһЩľۼأ˶࣬Χǽ˵ҵ˾ҲһܹǮܽǸۼأֻǾӣ֮ǰû뵽֮󣬰ȫĴۼסʸǸ𣬾һ
ͷ˵˵ţȻˡ
óͷȻʹ󣬵Ӧø˰뱲ӹǼΪӲʣʮ˵ҲоǱʵģڵԪѾﵽʮ˸λٶȣһܾѡ
ͷĻһЦҲһɴ̽Ϣٻϣ
ƺҲ˲˵һûһţܿŮǽһʳʹȩ̈˹̶ͷʢһ롣
Ϊֻ֪ɱģǸʢһġ
ðҲĭ
ȱʳζкܶ࣬ζζ˿£ҲЩˡԿһҲЩʳָ󶯡
ȻëʳԶǻ⣬ҲԹֲĸټ˭Ҳ˼ʲôֻܳԣЩûгԹͷȴԶˡ
Ҳһ
һΪ棬˵֮ʲôԹȻ˺ܶ࣬Ҳʳĩʳˣû
ܿ죬һڵͱ˸⣬ò˵Ůպܺãǳּҹӵĺ֣ڶ̶̵ʱҵһЩıֲζƷ˵һ뵹Ȼܷŵ׺ſſķȥ͸ˡ
Ҳһһ룬ע⵽һ˰ֻë⣬ⶼ֪֮ڴһľۼרչĵطԻһЩʣȻҪӵ
ڣǹеӵǵҪԲԶǿʮһİǹлһǹǹ˵ûİǹĻǸûֻ档һֻë󣬶ܽɱ
꣬һĵĴָʢһ롣
ǹһ룬˶һһ룬СӵСԾչԼ
ͽȹˣ׶øɸɾ˿̶Ŵ۾ЩĽĶһ࣬ϵ졣
ѷ֮ǰͿ϶ʳǣ֣ȴҪÿ쾭ܼ
֪ζ˵һּ尾
룬ȴǽڵļӶкȻһǷˡ
Ȼ˷ѵһֻСŮĵлл壡
˵꣬Ͻһһȥ
֪ΪùǿǶĺøдʱ򣬹ǿ߹ǴȥһۼػһЩҲһȥ˶࣬˵ܴǵϢ


 ţϮ
һҹ˯óĺãȵ˵ڶ΢΢ʱ򣬹ǿѾ׼
һ쵽ʱȥһθĴۼأԵõƤۣȡһЩʡ
ĽͨһЩƾɵʽƤϹʱ򣬹ǿѾҪ۵Ķװ˳С
ǸۼԼĪֻ߰˹·̣һ㣬һֻҪСʱ͹ˣǿʱ˵
Ϊȡ¹ϵˣΪһ·Ȼֻ߰˹ҲᾭһЩΣҲϹСǸСŮʱܹ壬˵г˵ĹҪСһ㣬עⰲȫ
СŮ˵֡Ѿ൱ѵˣȴǸܵһֹŹֵůСŮĹȻȫģҲǴһЩĴڡ
룬СŮͷ֪ˣҸħòã
СŮȴʮڴĵ˵ͷЦЦǽӱȡ£ֽȥ˾ȵУһһȡʮ
ۣħŻɢζСŮһ˷۾¶˳֮ɫ
˵ӿƬȡʮʵСһҲĿǰΨһ¡
СŮʮܻ軳һԵĹǿɫ߹˵ʲôȴȱ磬Щ͵ǵдˣҽһôǵĳʲôҿǹⲻȥ
ǿ̸֪ЩǴʲôطģҲЦЦʲôûʡ
һȥȡʵĳ˹ǿ֮⣬ʵǿǸͷͰֵ壬ټһĸˡ
ʻСۼغһ·ϣ˿ȴǶ̬Ⱥõòˣʱ֪ǸɰСŮȻŮ
ֵܣ湻˼źллˣЩòŶӡ˵϶ħǸҪ˵Ҳǿǿװô㱳ƺģҿóЩǸտƳһ⾿ô£
ǿʣȴû뵽ʸû꣬Խ˵Խ棬ǰŵϺǺЦӣˣ˼һ֪ôһְֺļһզôɰŮ޶
Ϻ࣬ҲǸող֪ģǶǸһӵģϵܺãٵʱһ˳ҲϺΪס
һͨ죬һŮǼ̳еŵ㣬ȻҪ̳˰ϱ࣬Ľʺޣ
Ϊ⣬ҲǢ˺ܶࡣ
ǰϺʱ˿ȴЦС磬ǶǶˣЩҲãϣʣǲǾߣ
磬߸ʲôܣ˵ͷǳϡ
׿ڳϣǿǶ¶ȻɫӵиֶΣܴӰóҲ֮һ
֪ȻһǿľߣǹǿϺǶһЩ˼Ͼǹһˣܼǿ϶ԴలȫǶʮ˸ûκʱߣټҪȥͬ飬ԹǿҲûпڡ
ȡһЩǲ֪ϢȴǿԵģһҲûκǱʵ֣ѵı׼ԼƬһЩ֪ʶʵ档
һ·ģҲ˽⵽˵Ը񣬹ǿֱȣϺʣͷԼ򵥵ȴûļơ
˵ƬʱȴǷҪչʾһ£ֱĺӣȴֲ룬Ǵһָ
һ̣ҺɢϢ鿨ǸڿС
ûκ֧ƯڿУȻס˹ǿһ档
С磬⡭˵װƬĲӣ氡ȻƮڿУϺԾʵǵţһ۾ſᣬ˵һ仰
ϲľǱʺܸߣûܾˣ
ϺһȴЦ
أʲôʱܾѡ弱æ
ЦЦڵԪȻϺҲʮԪشͻȻоһΣձƽ
˿̣ʻһС·ٶʮңԶһ˶ߵĿݲݣʱǰҲĲݴЩζһһӴ˲ݴԣһײһõƤϡ
ԷƤȻֱӱײŵĴëƤɢĵǣĸҲǶᡣ
ΪǾߣӦ٣ȴһӴѾѵĳ˳
˶ͷתײͷ϶Ѫ
֪ˣԽעŵԶһͷײƤĴһϡ
⾹Ȼһͷţ
ţһ컯֪ͬģԪӰ࣬ΪһľߣͬҲӰֲǷĳ֡졯
ţɱһ֣ǲǿƬ֮ǰֻһֻͨţƾǿͷΪԪӰĸţǵĽţ
˶೤һţǣǵҲˣƤʸӼͣͨ˾ǹҪҲɱ෴ἤŭ
˵ֱţʵ㲻ΣգһǾּһ֪ǵ㡣
ţۣǷǳζݳ޵ʳܸߵļǮΨһȱǣǵࡣ
¾Ȼһֻûоõùײ˴ˡ


 ˾ۼ
ɲײ˴
ţ࣬ƽʱŵҲȴǶԷˡ
뵽촽ȴǵᣬȡſƬ
һȻǰķһõ԰֣ٶȿ죬ܷУ˵һҲܶԸ˽ţָףô˵ţһͷسһǧһײܽһɶĴһ
ʵ廯ķҪķκԪһǳƣܿ죬ķӿƬתʵ壬һӷֱӷɹȥӿпʼţ
óһſƬȴһ
һɫƷʣӲ2Ԫ8һװʱҪķʮԪԺ󿨻ʵ廯ķԪһɸַںһУ͵ʵãɱ֮
ƬдЩ֣ȻҲƴģǳһ·ֻٻƣΣյʱ
ͷһ޸ϵĺϽԪףڶΣίƴһ
ϽԪһһѡҪϡеĲϣֻҪͿԣûʲôЧʤڷӲһ̵ܴܿľϵҲ߳ʹǳ˳֡һ·ϽָΣգķһѷû
ķ˿̲ϵ÷צӹţĸŴ֮һ˵Ҳ֣ⰢķΪܶʱҪԸͿԽúܺá
ͬһΣķܺõķɢ˽ţעȻƣڱȴ޿κΡŷţ
ƺϷɵǸһ޷ȴǽעתƵ
˿̽ţѾѪͨţۣŰĭӣţڵ˼£ǳײ˹ȥʣͷĸţǴźϽףҲһˡ
һжԸֹľ飬ǳȣ˲Աһڽţӹ˲䣬Ȼ׼ĲӺǰ֮ǰһλķ̳
ľƿ˽ţ͵Ƥû룬һ̺ࡣ
һȻжԷҪһʱͷţ÷һɲ뱻Ľţײæܡ
ʱҲ˳ôһȻȻǾޱȣкܣܿǾͷ֣ͷţܹĵطȫѪĶԽԽվ˼ӣԵڵһغ
ЦǺ˹ȥԼɱţղû裬ȴһѽ˳ȻץһѿݲݲɾմŵѪ
ǿϺǶǵ۾Χ˹Ȼʵһµʶͷţʵ̫޴ˣǸ뿴ţȴǱʳİķܡ
ķѣæѣķһЩˣķһʱӣǽŵùǺ
ͨ˵Ķķǧʯ˵Ѿڴ˵еĴˡ
֪ķһҰҲһСˣȴþӽţһʴѪⶪķھͽصţȥ£ķ촽Լ
ոǸ￨Ƭ𣿡Ϻʹ󣬼ʶ㣬ȴ֪￨֮˵սսʵ
˵ͷϺҲûʣǺ͹ǿһȰ彫ͷϵ˿ڴһ£Ȼǿȥ˿ײϵȴ̾ˣײˣ⳵ܿˣ
ô죿ÿǿȥ˰ЩƤëô죿żƺǣ˿ڣȴ۵졣
ŵƤɢһأû϶ߡ
ǿ˵ǰɹһʱޣҾﲻһĵطǹ·ԸȥܲŪһܿĳ
Ƭ̣һСʱǿ濪һ
һͿĳĳݹ˾Ļ·ߣȻһЩ󲿷ֶɻǿǰ޳ɹ޳ҲһѺ֣ĵһ£ִĳŪ˵ͣȻܿ
Ȼ˽ԴϲָŵϵĽţʬǰһŪϣҲһˣüǮ
ܶһȻû˷ԣȻϺҲ֪ţļֵΪֻȴëҪһ㡣
ţȻأǾߣкϽԪ׸1ӳɣϺǿ׳ţʬ̧Ҳ¡
ܿ죬֮ǰһС𴫳ǰϺǶ𾴣ոɱţĹʵǴ۽硣
Ӻ󣬳һ·ʮӣǿԶһģĴľۼء
һ˼ľۼء
طǰһСʯûڸ£Ժܶ˶ӵΪ̫࣬ԹµĲסԣҪ涨ӣýһʻƽ𣬻йϵֱǲ˻ˣϺǰôľΧǽͷΧɵľۼأһıԹ
ۼֻһڣ˿Ѿмȴ롣ʱϺӺһʮĴëһƤȻҪȥҲøŵôüСѲ
һ·ϣϺǱԹͣ͹ǿֻǵһЦȴ۾һɣͷ˵ЩɶãǵʵʵĸôҪӲб±
ϺǺһЦСףֻǱԹ䣬ֲĲһһӣҲûɶ˲ģֻҪܻȥУ
˵˵ţǵĳѾڹؿ
ͼ˹ʾͣȵͣ£ϺŶȥ˵䣬͸µʿ˳С
Ϻ˳㶨ˣ֮ǰ͵óǾۼص˲ҹ


 
ԼϰϣĺСһȢŲµĽޣڸ絹
һͷ˴뱲ӵׯںʮãԼ֮ǰǴ뱲Ӹǻˡ
žãôͬ⽿ޣʮ꣬˵һѧμӹʡģشĸشƨɣƤ𪣬һܼˮʵ˵ŮǰκηǷ֮룬Ǹˡ
ڣÿŮ˵ķ񣬷йű˴뱲ӵһ߷̣Ů˽ģһߴš
ԼڲŽĻһأеʱлһѵĵ
֮ȢŮˣΪۼأ꣬гʮ£ֻҪԸ⣬ܶŮ˼ͷ뵱ϱ
Ѷ˵ȷѣ˵ȴµ㡣
ѾռۼһϵġʳӦҺ;ۼصȨ߹ϵܺãȻǽȡ
ÿ죬иָ෱ʳչ֮ȥѷ֮ʳǰţѾ˼ʳĵزԹҲĲס
ձıǴë⣬Ȼһ㣬ʤڶ࣬ռ˰ȫܴһֵʳݶ
˿⻻ȡΡɾˮҩƷǻƽ𣬶ѡ⻻ȡӵۼصĶﻻȡʳֻչҪߣеʱܵõһЩĶ
翨Ƭ
ۼȨƵˡ
ʱһܹϰ壬Ҫ㣡
˭ң὿ްĦһĲͷջ˭ûգ
ɶԷҪһͷţǮ˵ҪϰȥףǸһΡ
ʲôһӴȻǿ̵ģȻ֪ţʲô
ܵԪӰͨţʱǿ˰ٱֹֻԶûдëࡣۼȨɵ𣬸⣬ܸ㵽ţ⣬϶ܸۼصȨһݡ񡯡
뵽æߵǰ꣬Ȼһֻ޴Ľţʬ壬æ鿴һ£ĵ˵ͷͷţûãᳬһСʱʾûκ⣬Ҫǣ˿֮⣬ţţƤġ
ţţƤޱȣƳƤѥƤףͬǼֵơ
Ͱ۸Ķչɣţ󷽵˵
̴ĺܺãȴ϶۽ţ˲֪ⶫļֵĶ۸ȥ٣Է˿϶ǳԿģ⣬ȴë߳屶ʮ͸˵һֵ⻹ҪţƤˡ
۽ţȻϺǣĻֻЦһϺȴмһͷţôأļǮչѾֵ϶ʮֻëļֵˣһ¶ŪôëѾʮ⡣
ţɱģҲӦ˵㣬
ϣⲻϵ׳Ȼɱţ˲𰡡Ҹո˵ļ۸һ㶼ǣɣǾķϣٸǼһ㣬2.5һͷţôˣ
ʱҲϳϺǣÿһЩˣȻʶһ֣϶ЩûʲôʶԼļ۸ǿ϶ܡ
ϺЩܳİ˰ֵϰ壬ⶫǰģλСֵܵģҾǮǺܲ
ʱֹϺĻΪ۸ֱǺ
һֽţļ۸ǴëʮϣһмУ˵ţƤǳϵȣֵ⻹Ҫߡּ۸ԷǼֱǶɵˡ
ʱע⵽´һۣȴЦСֵܣҸļ۸Ѿܹˣô˵
Ҳ÷ϻȴһȭͷ
ʮҲţƤţƤǻ㣡һ仰˵⣬˶ǵһ
ǿʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Ϻǿ壬˿̶ɫ԰ףϰɲǣŭԷԲ֮١
뵽ʵҲȰЩ֪롣
˿üͷһ壬ȴЦһСֵܣνĲҪ֪㣬ҲƽϣһıǮţƤˣ
ΪŶԷ֪ţļֵ˵ʵıչ۸ѾˣΧͬ˶¶Ľɫ
һֵĽȻĽ
ֻľٶȴ˴һ
ֱкϺǣȻҪ߽ţһЩסˡۼﲢֻһչʳĵ̣ԷˣǲŽпˡ
˵ʵԷոļ۸Ȼߵף֪ţֵۣ˵ģɱţѶȾԶǼֻëô򵥡
ۼԷҪ뿪ڰͲסɲñȥ˽ţܸЩȨܾӪȥ뵽ҧҧȴǰСֵܣȱߣ˵˵
Сʱ̧˿
֧56ʽԶǹһǧӵ֮⻹вʣҩƷһ
һͷţлرͨҪһ֧56ʽԶǹҪʮֻëУӵ
ЩӵȻǡõֻԭװ
νõӵռǣϴ׻Σװµ׻װҩװͷȻӵȶԺǷףЩӵѾǲˡ
ǹҲǾ̭ģҲ֪ĶһããҲܷõġ


 
꣬֫ո򵽵һͷţվһԣ粻
Աһ»飬֪ϰĸȴǰСϰ壬֧ǹȻֵǮһǧӵɲһСĿЩҩƷ費ȥ
˵ţһĨӵĶ
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ɱ˷Ż𶼲ʲô£룬ȴҡҡͷãҲ׬⡣㣬Ⱳ˵ԭ֪㳣֣һҪ鷳ѵû֣ͷţǱһ𣿸ղСӲǼ򵥵ˣ𽲾ƣξˣһ鷳Ǿ͵òʧˡŶˣţһЩãȻϴһЩϴҲһݣκ򳤣õģֻҪ⼸λүź˱ʲôǿ
ϣµͷʲôƵģæ˵ϰ壬ոҿСţʱ򣬽ϴͽϴȺ￴֣Ŷˣ͹ȻǸ֮֮٣
£һ㶣ȻһׯںǼΪͻȻЦǵĶÿ㣬λүȼˡ⣬ϺǸСӿҪùˣϴ»һЩ壬ǽϴ˿ʲô¶óôʵ⣬ǿ϶ŹҹϺҪùˡ
ǻ룬ҲǻȻҲҶ˵ʲôæȥ׼ȥˡ
ۼſڣϺǻⱾʹõġҪȥϼ󣬿϶Ϻǵ΢;ۼأһλĶֻһٷӵԼһЩҩƷĶϺǡ
Ȼֻʶһʱ䣬Ǽ˶ЩᣬѾҲ˵ʲôǺ
ʱ͹ǿúչǵĺӣúûȥ
Ҳ뿪ۼءϢûдӳˡۼص˿ԼĪպһˣкܶ඼ǴΧӹģ̽ϢĿԺܸߡ
ﵽˣȵǵİȫ磬һЩطǶ죬컹䣬ȿģ϶ǲӬҷɡ
ھۼأһ˵ĵλǴ·ĸɾ̶ȾܿϴĻǹǿҵһȻ̸жô£ٻɾ
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ǾԼƺ˸ˡ
Էƺûκι˼ɣҲı֣ô޼ɵĸں棬ȥģǾ͸ĶȷһҲûбֳʲôȴһƫƧ˵ĵط
һͬһ˶ûУҪһЩ˵£Ȼѳ
ȻҲǿٸȻ
˶һ⣬һֱóһǹָ˶óһذס
𶯣ѱǹժӹиղŴ껻ĶˣУǹɲ۾Ȼһǹ㣡ǹţǹָָ56ʽԶǹͱɫ͸һ̰
˶ֳذף߽ǽǣõĶǴѪ۵ذףͱϷˡ
ˣû˿ţ˸вԼ
ϻѶǹɫһšҪǹʱ򣬶ͻȻһһ˾͸оԼһʹû뵽һƬڰС
Ĳϣһᴩ˺ԣ˲
ͬʱ˫ŵŵأͬԱһܳһذ׵˲Ӵ̴ﲻѪĭЩŵĵ۾ڵϡֻʣһذףֵĿ
뺰ͿЦһ͵ĲӾͱס
۵һذ׶ڵϣѾŵ˿ӡô󣬻ûɱôˣҲûôݵˣˣҰޡ
ҰҰޣҲûôٶȡ
ס˺󣬸ոΪҪƶ¡Ȳȥ
ǳ·ϣÿ춼ֶͬǾߣԽǿȻԽ֮һһ׽ʹɱļɣһǽ򵥵ȴʵõļɷ
߻ʹÿƬ٣˽͵ϮƬûüʩչͱɱˣǿʲôã
һͲֹһμһЩľ﷭һЩͨ͵ϮɱŴһЩȼɵдһʵս
˵ǼҲ㲻ϣֻΪԱѹե˲ıľٶȺü򵥵ĲʽܷӴȻ򵥣ҲܺãڶԸֻ߶Ը˶
Ӻɫ뿪ֳһҲŤ˲ӡ
ˣȻҪ̸ʴȣ֪ǵĿĺ󣬸û֡
Ǹ³ٶһʼΪǸɵˣû뵽ǡ
ЩǾۼһĳԱżȻԼϺǳ˽ţ⣬Ǵɱ˶ȡЩʡ
Ƿ·һ·βԼһ·߰˸ǸϺǡͬ£ЩѾܶˣÿζǽ˸Ͼɱֶ׺ݣȻ顣
뵽ǿǸСۼĹģ϶ֵס߰˸ĻĶˣĲɵ³˿ʱ䣬ϺǷֿѾȥһСʱԼٶȿһ㣬˵ü
ۼרų۽ͨߵģĦгУֻҪһЩʳܻ͹һ㣬Ƕڵʲô
ܿ죬һЩ⻻һĦгҼͣΪϺǵİȫû˿ֱͣӳۼأǿǾסĵطȥ


ڰ ֮ŭ
ĦгٶȺܿ죬ˣһ·Ҳʮӡ·ûмսĺۼⷴӵġ
˵ʵǿϺǺ׷ǹʣԲǵھ糫ʱɴ˵زӻһԿֵĴڣ̫ˡ
ЩһԸԼһٸѣΨһǣ˭ƭԼ
񣬱˵ٹûǳֻԼ
ν
ɱˣոһϣԼΪɱ˵ɡͬҲȹˣΪΪһЩ˱ȣΪͬ¼ӺѵϼһʶֻǸոֻʶһĹǿǣֻʶһ죬˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
֮⣬ãԼ۽ţʱôģҲᱻ˶ϣϺ͹ǿǿ϶ܵǣ⡣
ڣҹסһǸС;ۼأֻǸϰףʹӷᵽһѪζ
һ˲䣬ˮ
ķٻᵱеİķǷĶ˫ǰȥȡƬʵ廯ȻĦгͽ̡
ȵ˵طȴǱǰһĻŭˡ
ЦźԼкˣ˿ѪС
찾ӵŮǣ˿̾ȻǳڵϣҲֹͣ˺
˽ԼĹƣкſڵϣǹۣСԱߣһСŮʬ塣
һ˲䣬ǾĩѣΣյҲ͵ĳ鶯һ¡
ǸԼֳȥ˵ллСŮǸԼ뿪ôԼСŮ˿̾ϣͬмǹۣѪȾĻ·
壬˵г˵ĹҪСһ㣬עⰲȫ
۵УƲɢ˿Ѿûһ˿飬ϲŭȻϤˣϼ϶֪²ֻڼȷŭʱ򣬲Żֱ顣
ϺǵʬҲҵˣԹͷű˴һ룬ǿǵ˱Լӵ·ϣ壬ԼŮƯɰļһʮ֮⣬ӱпһ룬λӦǵһɱġ
ͺͷһֺͲģƺҪȥŮ
ȻмֵĶߣǹӵʳҩƷҰëƤϴŵ׶ߡ
ֵ˼ΪײУԣܶ޹ĺ֡
ķʱӿ£ƺҲܵķŭĳ򣬳˼Ȼһȥ
ȻǶ˰ķ˼Ϯ˲ûԶķѾЩ˵ȥ
˿ѪϴС;ۼأûͣҲûȥʬ壬ֱĦгŰķǰ漱׷ȥ
˼ȻѾˣʲôҲܽ
Ϻǿ壬ֻǹƺֻС˾ˣò˶ãǾͻḯãΪȻһ֣ӽҲ֪ǵĴڡ
û˷ʱ䣬иҪ
¼򵥡ֱӣǾǸ
ԭ򲢲Ǹοߵ֮飬ˣǲŲ֪ЩǶƭ˵ġΨһԭǰοߣͬ˿ֻ̣ЩߵѪƽϢڵķŭ
ԽҰʻҰ·ϣϵ̸ЦŸոյɱ¾
Ȼǽµ̸ЦĻ⡣
磬õֱַǳ뻯ˣǸͺͷиû㣬ͱж˲ӣʵɾĽǸһҲܲһһɨƽǸС;ۼأһ͹ĺӿһԵͬʱԺһ˹ά
Ա߸ʻĵطһֳһѳǹ׳ɭɭЦϻǱǽϴ֣һǿľߣɵͨʲôС;ۼ˵Ҳûɶˮǵ㶫ֱһȺ
ʱǸΪɭɭһЦһѻ䵶ӬСҲһ⣬´ҾͱˣһջҲгԵģܽλֵɱ˵ͷֶΪ
ԣԣ˵Ķԣӵָоʵ̫ˣʹЩľͷȫһָо
ˣؾۼغ缸ѶˣǻȥϴͽϴѾͬˮĵزǼȻǽϴˣǾҪǣȵϴɵϴǾǵʲõľۼضˣǾۼصκҲøӡϴҪͽϴ̸УһȥߣǽһҲҰֱǻˣϴѾԸˣǳ̸еʱȥ˽ϴѣ񣬰ѻˣܳ޼ɣһ⣬Ц˵ŵһ̣һ̣䵶صһһſƬ
ʻ˾ۼأŵҲϵȴֱӷС
ʮӺĦгҲϵ˾ۼصſڣţķɿֱϽ˼˵ͷ󿨻ķջؿᡣ
߻صۼ𣿲˭Ȼ£ҪΪ˸ۣ׼óҵķŭɣ
˵Ȼһߵڰ֮Χǽ£ȻȻһԾ˫˫ΧǽϣһԾ˿Ȼ֪Ǳ˾ۼء


ھ ɱ˵ҹ
ۼҲֵģʱ򣬶ڣȻۼء
ۼǸʮһۼأһǧңΪۼԴţʩƽߡ
νƽ룬ǾҪ뽻ʣƽʳԣֻһ֮ҲԡȨǰ򳤣κѷʱϰ侯ⲿ뵽Ȼվ˽š
ֻҪάһۼصİȫ϶ȻһЩ䡯нϴͽϴɡ䡯
ϴ򱾵صһڶϴ󣬿ձѺͷŸң֮ЩǮ˹˾ѷһ˳ʵۣһЩκ򳤶ú
ϴȴǰۼص࣬ȴǸŽᣬ̶ʱٲȻۼصĵͽϴ󿹺
Ҳκ⿴ģʵλӲȡ
죬ΪۼһרӪĿϴͽϴҪ̸нרӪĿǡʳչ
ԭĹۼѾݳƷˣУҲǱʵʵǵʳ񶼳⡣
ëķֳǿһƬӵмȺҲ˾ۼΨһѡʳ
ëǼݣҪõʳͱɱɱΪ϶ǷɢģչȻͳһͳ˾ۼֿȵӪ
Ҫ˵չҲмңһɢɳԽϴҪʳչͷͳһȻȻǽϴǽϴ󶼶⣬Ͼʳ˵
˿ۼһũַׯϴͽϴֻһһߣΣ󣬸վʮ£һǻŭĿһԲͱֵļơ
˫ʮֽţλϴûб̬ǳֳһƽ⡣
ǰԲϣһЩƷѷֲƷѾǼΪݳˡ
ϴʮµͣһ⣬˿˵ϴˣԾͲҪˣչͷʳӪġ
ϴ˵˲㣬Ѿ̣ϴҪռʳеڶϱ˻·ҽ۴ӦһֵҲӦǽۺȻǸˣ˿ԱǵʱҪ˲٣ҲָһЩյķɡ
Ǻ⣬ϴҪúÿϴЦֹȴŵȹ˽㻹Ӳ
ѾԸһ°̸еʱ˽۵ѣũΧҲ£ֻҪǱߵ̷֣ɱˡ
ֻҪϴһϴǵ֮϶Ժʱ죬ɵκͳһۼҲ¡
ʱ򣬽ϴйһ£ʵǱ߻ûϢ𣿡
ûҪȥҲǻ˵
ȥأϴڰ֣Ǹ±С˳ȥ
˿̱ϴİˣ˿Ҳ˽ϴѡ
һΪ˳ϴǿ˵ǳ˲ٺ֣ڣߣʮǹ֣ͻȻϮ֮£Ҫ˵ϴѲ£ǽϴ߻һµļƻ˵һʧ
⣬ϴһʧļƻһ⡣
׼һȥȴǿǰͻȻһˡ˭ûעʲôʱֵģͷ·Ǵһʼվһ
һʼǻǽϴһģԷһ仰ȴýɱϺǾۼصǼһ㶡
죬ǵԺԵķʽɱһСۼصˣͯվɵ뿪ֻʮʱ䣬ʮӺ˶Ҫ
ס˲˵ⷬȻ
һ·׷Ѱҵ˰ˡ⻹˰ķıӼֱȹӻаķڣһҲҲɱ˵֣ʱɫѺڣʺɱˡ
һжʮˣȷǣ߾ǵС
Ļ˼˵ĴЦ
СǲǷˣ
ѵ֪ʲôطʲôˣȻ˵ִ󻰣
Ե˹Ц
磬Саô֪ǽɵ£Īǵʱ˻ڣһɱĻʱС˵
ʲôˣӵ·˵񻰣ɱ˵üͷһŶӰŶԷ̺ɱĻȴǸоЩԾֱӿǹӵ¶Я޴ܴϡ
ǹ˲䣬˶öǷˣֻȴǸоС
ӵûдѪҺӿĳûг֣ӵǴһΪӲĶϣһСǡ
ˣ˿ǹֿ˿ȡһѾ׼߹ˣȴǴһǻŸʲôɱǹ
Ϊϴұۣĵλߣߵóǹǹʼ
ֻӵںϽԪϣֻǽһ𻨣һ̣˫ȹȻͣĺϽԪҲ¶һ
ʮӵˣﵭ˵͵һٳ̣һԴֱӷ
ĺ⣬罦Ѫصͷ­˽ɱ¾Ļ


ʮ ķʽ
˿Ŀɿڴ޾ǹֵ꣬Խ񱩵ٶɱԼһһ¡
ľÿһλ裬ܴһҹɫ֮ѪҺ罦ɫһְɫУеѪǰĲҽ˵սľ
һ̣оһֿ־塣
˭һǹȴһմѪĵһһԼɱˣú¡
˲ºˣֻẦ±Ǹˡ
ߣǵĿƬɱ˵ӵȴǼе˿̣ȫ˽ϴ͵Ϯϴϳļƻ˿Ψһһ£Ǹɵͬһոˡ
ϴгʮߣ֮һӵԶͨ˵ٶȣʹÿƬǽϴ
⼸߱ǸȡƬеٻеȡе׼ͷųֹ
ʱҹɫĿͻȻӹһɫӰӣһ׼ͷš׶Ƭľ߱Ǳҧ˺ض
һҲǽ󣬻ûüͷſƬһӰ˵ҽûϢ
һɱ¾ڼʮˣӣͱͰķɱһ룬Ҫܣôܵùķٶȣ෴ܳȥøҡķ£һɱԷ˺ҧǵƤҵĽĥʣ¼˵
һٻһֻȮһƬ̾ͱնԴǸ߼״ŵùģǱж˺
ͲҽΧ˵ע⣬ЩۼصֻҸԶһεĿ꣬Ҳǽϴϳ˼ҲĿɿڴеǹ׼ȥȴǱϴһ¸
Ǹϴһӳģӣǻʲô¶һ֮ɫ˶ԲҪ뵽Ǹ˵սУ׼ͶԷͻ
⣬Ͻȥҽϴ
ЩȻֱֻ֪Ӻ͵ķʽɱˣֱײʵõһֻǹǶϽۡ
ӺֳѾǲ֫ϱۣŵֻһˣǾǰ
ֻһֱѾնϣѪܵĶϱ۾һߡţϾȻڲķӵʱｫһȺɱ
о˿־壬ȵĿ־壬˿־ǰϱѪȾˣǰ˱Լɱ˷Żļֱһһ顣
𡭡ɱңǽϴˣɱңϴ󲻻Ź㣡ڱпƷˣ˿̾ȻǱ׻־һ֣ȻǿӲȴ͸һġ
ԶҲʶˣǶĿɿڴۼغųơӰļһʲôʱ¶ӣ
˵ûУǺƴɱһȺ˵ΧӰܷĽûġ
˿̣ųӲӡӲĵķӰȻ־壬˿û͵ӡ
ڰ治һ׵ĵطֵոյսû˿ȡɣûչֳһ˿һĵӣӰ
ķʽ
˿̣ĨһϵմŵѪ⣬֪ҴϢɱ㣬Ҹܵһһ㿿ʱĿ־壬ڣҺ㣬Ҳȥˣ
΢΢¶һ֮ܳΪЦЦݣȻڶԷֵУһ밢ĶӣŵС
Ķͬһƿڴĳӻһأеؿڵʱ򣬰ѾǶǰ۾ɵϴڼȾֵġ
ʱųһԭŭҲͷ˳ͬ˵ģϢɱһˣԷˣҲܲʹͿ־ĥ
ԣѡֿȥЩ޴ʵϿԸԼοĸʽ
ֻõҲҪһЩۣϵĺϽԪֵ˺ܶ๥˿ЩطѾѣҪٴ
ɱҲֲܴߣУȫûΣա
ϽԪȻס󲿷ֹܵĳҲС˿΢ЩλⲢ
֮ɲپһΣ֮ҪôȴΪǶʮ޹ʵǸԼСŮϾһҲˣ֪һ˲¹ͷʱţʱûע⵽һ㣬ŻǣЩ޹ˡ
öԷܵ˿־ĥһΣѡ͵ϮȻϣҲûһΡ
ķʱſƬɹԴĴȣȻڱ˿һԴȻ󽫰ķŵſƬ˹
׶ͻķƬ𣿲ͿûͷҪ벻Ȼжջ񣡡˿ſƬȻ
ԶʱȻĿĴɣ϶ԭص˱ȴһǶ뵽һԵҹɫС
Ƭ֮ʮʻȻͣΧϻˣڻѺͳƵҫ£ֳͬһľӳ
Щ˼һЩ棬ǰһĻҲǲһ
ȻǽϴͽϴǼͬʱõŶ˿̽ϴɫ࣬ŵϵʬ壬һ仰˵
ϴͺĿһɱ¾߽ӣĺͻȻɱһ˰ˣòµĻҵ¾ҪһҲٺͽϴףӽ쿪ʼǳ˺


ʮһ Ľ
ϸĻ㱨ȴüƬ֮ǸµȷûǶǸˣ
ûҪǿˣϴҴȶȥι󣬵ʱҼǵĳ֮࣬ҲǵʱȫСӵĳԱոɱ˵ʱ򣬼ֱ̫ˣӰǰûл֮Ǹ¼æɫ˵
۵˵ͷ˼ƬԸ²Ҫ𣬻Ǿ仰Ҫȥ˵Ҷˣʵȣ˾ѿǱˣֶζȻ٣Ȼ׸ɵӰǣ϶ҲܸɵǡҲ˲ҵƴԼûҪ
ҪԼ﷢չĻͷúǸϣǿǶǸһġ
۾һɣȴôţǴڸɵ󻼣Ǵ鷳ŲףҾԺҲֻѡ񳼷ȻԺ˵Щ硣
˵˵ţͻȻЦҽ£սĿ϶ưոݣߣֱ޴Һǰ;ѵĸֶԿǲ¾ҪܣݣԲս֪ȥ鷳һҲǽ赶ɱˣ
ϴӢȥȥˣ
ȥɣ
죬ƽ˾Ӱ˱ɱȻһ粨һЩѾ㲻ʲôˣǸĵӡ
Ϊû˷ӰұۣϴҲ٣պø˽۷Ļᣬû˼չͷĵ̣ռһеչҲߣȻռһϵʳݶ
һʱ䣬ϴνǴ⡣УʳﻻȡһʮС¥˵ǰظ޽ģ£Ѿסˡ
ҹɫٴν٣˿ڽϴС¥棬ȴһλ֮͡
ǰΪסլȴʮֲˬ츴֮ҹصӱߵСۼأϺǵʬ񣬼ˣʱҲвŵѪζҰ޺͹ȥ˺ҧʬ塣
òæ꣬Ұɹһҹ»صۼش̽Ϣ
ʱ̽˲ٵϢ˿һǰӳġ
ϴֵʱʮֶ죬ŻǲǵԼǸϴ
벻ǾȻӵ
֪µ൱ںӳǽϴϴҪǰȫ
ǵǣȻЩӳ˵ϼҲһܣҴ⽭ϴУ϶ܴ̽ʱȫͻΧԼʯ˺󾿾ʲô
ϴú̸̸
ȻҲܺͷһֱȥһͶԷ죬ҲҪ鷳͵͵Ǳ롣
գȻ֪⽭ϴͽΪ˲ܡǡҪ˵ͼɵϴ
ѷʱ䣬ʱߵѾˣóС¥˵УǾߡ
ͬΪһߣҲǿ֣֮Ԫãսľ飬Ƭȵȵȵȶžߺ;֮Ĳͬ
ȻڵԪͶԷһǶʮĸλҪǿо飬ӵǿĻ׺ӵжֶĿƬаķ֡
֮ǰ潫ʮǹԼ߶ɱϾͿԿ
ҪС¥ȻЩѣҲ
ӺѾͬ֩һС¥ǽ¥Ȼ÷ƴ档
С¥ԭȻһ͵ˣװεĸûʣźĵ̺ݻ˵һ£̺ϣõĻᷢ
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ϴּˣһЦǵ𣿡
⣬ӿǾ㵵ıõ˴𰸣ѡ˳ΪԼ֮ǰƺСԼͬʱŪ鱨
۲ǵԼƺԼ򲢲ȣ෴˿¶ǼɵһĿ־塣
ַӦԳԤϡ
ܿ죬ףԼɱϣԷһԼ㲻ǶԷۿҲһͨϳԼ
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Ż־壬ֻ˲оЩͷиǴ󶨣еʱñ˾Ҳһơ
һСʱ뿪С¥Ǵ뿪ģн۵ķԸ˸
ԤĻҪ˳ܶ࣬ۺʮ־Լ˵Ժܴ
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ʱǧˣӳǵʱֻʣ˶٣ȴһٶ๫·̵ʱǵѾʮˡ
Ȼ˵ģڰ·Ͼ;ˣӳʮУһҲ⼸µ½½ѡ
ǿʮˣۼվ˽šڴ󲿶˵ȥ򣬽ȴǲ֪ʱΪʯ˵Ĺʮ˷ಿַͷͻΧΪңԶ֪˴˵
ʮʧŽûƭԼԷҲûҪ
֪뿪󣬽۽С¥˸ѪͷȻϢĽңϢĸɵԼ
λϴʳѰѡ
ͬΪߣۿ԰ٷ֮ȷĴԼԲĶ֣ԭΪߵҲܵش
۸ԼǾ׼ͻ


ʮ Ĵ
ۼʵϲһ޽ڰɽϣѷ֮ǰƫƧƧ˿ڲǧˣҴ󲿷ֻܵǴ򹤡
ѷ֮ﷴѣҪþۼصľסȨԲһ׵£ϾھۼҲһӣٰȫһ㱣ϣᵣҹ˯ʱ򣬱ëҧϺ
Ҫۼصкܶ࣬һЩ޷룬ԾھۼⰲӪկҲһƬ֮ɫ
ֻǳûйģеĻۼغܻܿᱻֱӵƽ
Щϵ˿һʳȡ˾ۼصĶݾסȨľסȨ˵Ҳ򵥣ͬһûƽʳȡܼסȥǶԲֻܰȥ
һǿڷ絲һõӲϣ˼ŽĴ㡣
ӵ˴õֻë󣬴ǽ죬ԺҪסҲԣͬһһֻë
ûдϼϢȻЩʧҲһЩ鲢Լ
磬ǰһֱӴֻͿСʱʵϼֻܼѰҡ
һԵʵǣҪȥסԼĿǰƣͱǿ
鿨̶ӵĿƬûͷҪſƬҲ֪ʲôʱſԡȴǻһǳҪ鱨ǾǹڡƬ
ƬǿþȼġߡֻҪƬһ߾ȼΪߣʹöƬ
һʵķԾھ˵ΪҪһߡһȼȻһöƬʹȨ
ƬͬǴֻ٣ӵһǵúһƬǴѷºٵġ
֮ÿ¶׹һÿһƬ׹󶼻ߵķᣬòݺΪ
һʱѷûܵԪӱһţûʵʲᡣ
˵һ÷ǳңû㹻ĿƬӦᡣ
ʱ䣬ѺҲֻһʱˣ
һ뿪Ǻ򲢲û˵ۼأǵõһƬ׹֮һۼظ
ȻˣҾһ£ȵȡƬ뿪ȥʨǾۼأ
ʨǾۼǷԲ֮һۼأһ˿Ҳڶʮϣۼٹ
һţһ߻˯ȥߣʯ̬İķſѾڱκη紵ݶܵһʱ䷢֡
һҹ޻
ʱ䣬ۼʱס£ȴһºһƬ׹䡣
ÿ죬뿪ۼɱһЩëһ֧͸ۼϽɣһǳ۸꣬ȡһЩʡ
ĴڣϴȻѾ֪ģΪܶ࣬Ѿ֮ǰһЩ£ѡֻܵϴĵ
Ǻÿ춼һ档
ڲںдųӣڵȴͳƽĶһߣһˣĻƹӭУ赹ˮԱȱ˸߳һļ۸չ⡣
Ȼģ˶ֲƽ˲һżȻڵĽϴȻ¶ɫ֮ЩҲûбκβ
һýϴ˹ˣȻǵġ
ΪϴĹϵۼﵹҲ˸ǣǽϴȻҲû鷳Դˣʮֿϧǽϴ˶ԸòϴƱػᱻɵԼһͳۼأκ򳤽аˡ
Ȼ뷨ֻ롣
⼸ϴƺҲûʲôҲֻܸżҲûʲôӡ
ʱƣʮȥˣһ׼һƾɵ뿪ۼصʱͻȻۼصڴ˴װԱЩǾۼصķߣκ򳤡
е˶ɫϾвȫװǸȥ֪Ȼʲô¡
ܿ죬һ˵Ļ¿˾ۼأﲻ֪ʲôһͲ͸ѪӦĳֹ
Χкܶǹ˻ţһ˲׼ļơ
Ȼʮֺ棬Ҫ֪ŵľʲôҪ˵ǹҲûҪôš
룬߽·ߵһꡣ
Ҫ˵ϢΪͨˣϴһһͬڽϴС
ֱ˽ȥжûκιƣӦоУǹǹǹİľϣԱ߷ŵǽӲӵӵȻеǾɻĥĺأЩӵҲвǡƵ
һЩƵǹеһǸֵߣ̵Ҳһĥķޱȡ
һۼأ궼Ϊ𱬵ģϾغ棬ã⼫áʱвѡϴԸĻƻϵǷһߵ⣬ڵ˹
Ƹ۴ݺܼ򵥣Ǿ֪ŵʲôţһС½ϴ϶ܰ쵽
׼뿪ʱǻƼæһͽϴȱߣϴԸˣ㵽һЩľӵոµģûϴ˵˾ٷ
һ˵һһţƤֽӵÿһʮ򵥿˿֪Щӵĳɫû⣬Ǹܸܵģ⼸õĸװҪöˣƵĿԼС
뵽ǽ۵£ʱԼչ۸Աȱ˸ߣԼӵ˲±˶Լ±˶ԼãⶫǷǳصġ
߽ۣ˵Ƿһ飡ЦЦ˳ȥԼʮֻëýγţʻ˾ۼء


ʮ ֩벿
⼸նΧεƿյͬʱҲɱһЩëﲢûгˣܴ
·Զһ˶ߵıֲʱԽãԪĺԽŨ˻ǶֲֻܵӰ仯
һЩͬѰ֮ǰվͷ˼ֻƽţļ󣬽ȥǸ׷ٺɱ⼸ֻţʱȴڸһݴԵзһ̯ûȼԼѾԵֻʣһǼܵĽţ
λһƬ߸ߵıֲаķڣҲֳܷ֣һ˶ߵıݴԱȵֳܶ࣬ʮǽ壬˱ʳһյĽţ޴Ľӡ
ӽӡĺۼʳţЩһͱҪߺܶ࣬ȫﵽϣθںܺáһͷţѾȫԵֻʣ¹ͷһԵİķʮֲˬһֱڷķķĽȻԼʳﱻˡ
ķɹֲңһ㽫ͷţɱˣһ٣ûϷˣ뿪ЦƵ˵Ѿȷķ˵ĻǶķÿһ¡
ķ˼ദ˲ʱҲŪ˼ˡ
˵ֱܷζˣҶһˣķıӿǱȹӻãȻˣǾһȥʲôǵʳЩӡҲЩɵԴŪʲô
ķ˷ܵĽһչƳغãȻͽŰķǰ
ڱݴԵпʮӣķһط֪Ŀڸæ˽ŲСǰȥ
ǰһƬɽȵأԶͿһľΧӪء
ӪعģСֻʮСһֻһ۾ͿԲӪء
ΪɽȵڴȻһľͷľͷϺẓ́ܶŲٹŹֵĲÿһϣһͷ
еͷѾɿݣеĻڵѪǸղϲãȻκӪضŪôһֲװ
ȻǶԵ˵һ־档
ټӪصøƤƤƶɵģԶŵһŵζ֮⣬ӪںΧأеıֲﶼֺ࣬ɫж洩гʮ׵򼣬аƴĶЫ֩룬ǹŲ棬ӿɾʹˡ
ӪмһŹֵľͷߴʮף·𱻽Ѫˮ£ľʳֳһɺںɫ̵ҲȫǸָ֩Ͷ档
·ͼڵľͷ£мĸݣŹŹġˡڹݵ棬֩ͼ֮£һ˱廨󣬴˿ŶֵĿǰͬĹˡ
ͫһѾ֪ôˡ
ǻȻˣǾȻѾˣ벻ô죡ΪߵȻ֪Щ˵
ͬƬһЩҲһռ䣬ŶصĿƬʮǿһͲֹһ˵Ŀֲ¼
ЩԲ巽ʽȺͼڴǰŷ֩룬Գ֮Ϊ֩벿塣
۲죬ܿ죬ͿЩƽϣͬһ˷ֱȡһɹͷĥɵذףǸˣ˵Ѫ࣬һ󷨡
УʱǸͬͼڵȻðһǿԪȻڿкȻһſƬ
һſƬصһ»ʵ壬һֻźɫƵĴ֩룬һ׶ߣȥʮּĴëеĶ̹⣬ŴСһĶ۾ͨǿһ۱׼
˵ʵҲͷһμ֩룬ȷ֩ӦûеɵԼĵ֩Ӧֻһ
֩ſڵϣ˸OO@@ĹŹ죬һɹɵɫһ߲ʬð۳һöָ׸ǴСİɫʯ
һҲܱ侲ȻźԶһϳڿУɢϢĶ
ˮȻˮ֩뾹Ȼˮˮ̺Ԫ̽мޱȣ鿨ǹ̶ĸпƬͶӰһ۾ϳˮ鿨ᵱй̶ġˮһģһ
ûɥʧֱӹȥᣬǳԼȻķᣬҲмǿĿƬҪԿƬΪӪعһԼôˣ˵һɱȻˮĵùԼˡ
Ǹ֩뽫ϲƵʬ̳һգֽһöˮǶһ£Щ֩벿ĳ֮£һſƬǸͼһӵС
ڴ֮ǰѾ鿨ᣬӿᵱȡһŻһŹĿƬǸ֩뼤
ܿ죬ᵱŵԪʧ٣һſƬҲһԪһſƬ
ۣ֮Ƭ̽ĿϢЩϢͶ䵽Ƭϣϧһ·ֻռһĿƬֻʹΣ˵һ¹鿨Ź̶ƬҲʹһ֮ۡ
˿֮ۿƬһſƬֻһſƬģֻһͶӰһͻָ
鷨ʦīɫƷʣ壺֩룬ʣīŪ;ͨĴʦŻ޹壡


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ʻڷۼص·ϣóٴһٵ״̬ͿԻһЩ˼
Ǹ֩벿ĳ֣϶⼸ʱҪ֪֮߰ǰҲһƬɽ϶û֩벿ֵġ
粿徿νٵģĿǰ֪һУǻ˽Ҳʮޡ˵ܶÿƬǴЩǻﵱѧϰģһֻһ΢СΪƴȻرע¡
£ڿǸ֩鷨ʦˮ֪ԼҪӳˡ
¹鿨̶ӵĿƬɲġ
ûóȻжԶ۲˼Сʱ򣬾͵͵ȥûоκˡЩ֩벿ֻʮҲ࣬ðգⲻǶԸһô򵥣вͿǸī鷨ʦͲڵӦģɫƷʣֶξҲûбʤİա
ȻҲֻҪúôһ£ȾҪжһ֩벿ʵ
ڻصۼص·ϣŵԪһŻԪԪĳɹѾﵽ˾ųɣϵϰԪãȻԼɹʡ
صۼغǴԼ鿨ᡣ
16ɸѾķռһһɫƣһѾʹùһεĸ෨֮ۡ෨ţֱǡԪ֮ì͡׶˶ϱۡϿͶż׳濨ƬʣµȫԪԪ2ţԪ3ţ֮⻹мŵԪΪĸʵǲˡ
ĿǰȫҵȻһֱϵĺϽԪס
ҲһЩԪԪͬƬڿᵱУԪʧܶ࣬ԪƬͻʧԴĿǷǳҪһֵߡ
һȥ̽һ֩벿ʵֻ뷨ӺͶԷӴһ£ֻΣԼ󣬴ӽǲɱһಢҽԷϾͿԿóЩ֩벿岢̫Ѻá
˼ͻȻ⴫˽Ųһű㱻죬ͬʱСʵϴ𣿡
֮ǽϴһ£ԼΣ˸ģ׺˿̣ȴǵͷʮֹ¶һİЦݡ
˵ϴ󣬽ǴǿʲôǽϴһʮӣϾͣͷ飬̾ȥ顭
˵ص㣡˻Ҫȴǵ˵
ڨڨһЦæǲˣۼصԶһһĹˣ˫ͻԶ˲ˣҲɱǸ壬ŵľǸʬ壡
һ뵽Լڶʮ๫ֵⷢ֩벿壬ܿ뵽ɵ㡣
ֻۼص˷ôƣôȥͿ϶è塣
Žϴ£ֱѶԷЩë߳һ亹ǰλүǲ𰢱һ˵ʱҲڳȫ̶֪
ǲͣ٣֪ȫ˵˳
ǸȻʹÿƬ˵൱ֻͣһɱԶһˣдھǹҲͬʱо߸һ𹥻˵ȫɱˡ
ʹÿƬ𣿡뵽Լ쿴ľҲǼֲ֣ȻǿƬǻʹÿƬҲ
ӶԷɱԶһϣ¿Ʋ֩벿˵ʵȻǳǿЩԤϡ
ˣȥɣ˶ԷЩˣĻɴ⣬æ뿪
˼ææ޲뿪ӣЦЦԼʱ䲢ûѹϵϢǹڷâ¶ˣеʱ򣬻ǵõ͵һЩźá
ڶ죬һ磬ȻǿõĽγۼءҪŻ׽һ֩벿ˣܴܲӶԷ˳õ鱨
˵ʵҪģܽ鿨̶ӵĿƬ룬ɿԼʵ
һӿķɿ죬һ·۳ңʮӺ͵ǸɽΧغ֮ᳵ·ĵһĸߵأӸ¹۲ǸӪء
ȣӪƺһûر⣬ֻǰĵţԼĪСʱ֮ڿ߰˸ϣֳֳì߳ӪأҰȥ֮ǸԷɢ
ЩͬǾۼԶӣרɱҰ޵ģϾҲҪԶġ
ѡһȥôߴĵĸں棬ѡĿꡣ
ǰƺҲûֻץųìӿҰ⴩Уٶȼ죬Ҳһ
ԶˣϴźϽԪ1ӳɣѾˣд󾪣һЩʵǷҪֲͨŻ֪ͬѾ֪ЩӵгԱԴƲ⣬ǵҲ϶ǱѰԲͶԷս
˿һѰһʽǹǽģɫ£׼ȷҲܺãԶҲвǲ֪ܲܶ˺ˡ
ɱҲǹеǾߣȻƬҪơ
Ϊܵٶ̫죬׷𣬶ǽķٻȥ׷٣ԼֻҪںţҲܼĽʡ
ķܿɵУȷĿ겻ʮӣͣ


ʮ ǿ
ΪķѶϢǰҲͣ
̷ٶȣͬʱᣬȡ˳⣬İһʽҲӵţմ򿪣ֻҪ۶ܻ
ûдٻƳȴΪٻƵĴ̫ߣŹƬԪìҲϣܲþͲãһԷһһţ´λ֪ʲôʱŪ
аķڣ˵һһ˵һһ˿סϢһô£̧ͷǰ档
ڣһƬݴԵзǸŵӰ
߾ȻҲԼһڵأڸ߸ߵĲݴԵУҲĳ
Խǰȥüͷ΢΢һ壬ԶͣһӱߣһȺϢ
Ҵߣһ۾Ϳ˳һԽҰаͳǷ糾֪ͣʲôطģϵĵǲ࣬ȥֻʮˣ󲿷ֶǹеŮ˿ںӱ
֩벿žͲھЩ˲׵ĵط
ԭŴϮЩˣˣ۲Ȼ֪Щ粿ϲʲô
ɱһɱϲɱ࣬Ͳֹһο֩벿ӪصУбץܵпɱ¾󣬷׸Ǹ֩ī
ȻԼٵžǴϮǰЩˡ
ʶһᡣ
ЩںӱϢȻ֪Ѿһϣϲʳ˵ײŸϣͬɱȺҲ֪Ҳһ˫۾עһһ
ʮӺǰһƺҪ֣ܵ˾Ųʮ׵ĵطʱȻӲ֮Ծͳ嵽Ǹǰں߾ֵĿ⵱Уеĳì̴ùš
𣡡
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ʬͬߵķݣֱҵһԽҰǰϣ˾޴
һʱ伦ɹʶϮ˵Щ˷ӦҲչǹͬʱ졣
սʿĳìȻһս
һ̣սʿϵһͻȻһѪ⣬ڿγһųŰѪɫĿƬ
ƬֺתΪѪ⣬սʿϣͿӵϣȻ󲿷ֶֻƤ⵱УҲֻǽ벻һʧȥ˶ܡ
ͬʱսʿٶȸ죬ʮ׾벻ӾͿгìһ£̾ɥ
һ浹ɱսĹУսʿһս𣬴Ͼðһ˿˿͵ڿһſƬһֻ̥СӲë֩롣
һ֣֩Эսʿս³Լ֩˿֣һ߰˸౻֩˿סѲ޺һƬ
ʣµļ˼ǹеȻͽ޹ģӣɱıɱץıץսѾ
Զһеզ಻ѣʣսʿʵԤϡ
ǿʣٶٴﵽͨ屶ı׼˵Ǽӳ˼ĹؾħҲΪ
ңսʿʹÿƬ۸Լ鱨û⡣
ͬһ
ĿǰԷֿƬ
սʿ࣬ǰһһǰصǸһڿĸƬ󱳵Ĵһ￨ٻһ³Լǿ˿֩롣
ʣһΪǿĶ֣ʲôֱ֪ӹԷ϶ս
ڣ벶ȸںǸȸ
̴Ӳ֮ǰȥǸսʿͬʱƺͼŷƬȡ˳֪սʿǿʵ֮ѡعĻɵˡ
ҶϺ˿̷ţϵ֩˿ΪͣȻʮȴȸ˿ͣϡ˿ֵĿŶǸ;޴ţѾЩˡ
ѷ֮ǰҶҵȨƺͱԹκ˵вȫ鼸Ӳᷢ
ڣȴǻʱʱ̿ٸΣգ˵ѷ֮ǰͱͳǣ㲻㣬ڰǰܵıȻǱһΪֲĹ﹥ơ
ԶǸ;޴ĺӰĿֲ˶ǸĹ֮¡
ҶϺȻ˵ģӹһ٣Ȼļһ˳һʮҴߡ
ڴ֮ǰñͨѶ绰ͼȡùһϵҶҵܴ󣬺һЩʵ;ڱһ޴ľۼأֻҪǸۼأͰȫˡ
ֻ뱱Ǹۼǧһ·ϾԻּ裬ⲻոû;ãսʿĹҿżƣ˳˶ý
ոҶϺһѾˣʣһܾõŮô˿Ҳ֩˿ס嶯ãҲһڵֻǸײеսʿڲˡ
Ȼ䵽ײеսʿ³϶ҲòĶȥ
ʱĻؾҲͲˣҶϺε̾Ϣһ׼ܼˡ
ʱͻȻսʿΧһЩĻǣͻȻһ޴ƾճ֣սʿڡ
ȵ˶ǿ·ݻһΧ׷ΧڵĿݲȫݻ٣ͬʱԶĲݴУȻԾһӰ


ʮ Ƥ
ԾӰȻһԵҪȴʱŻ֣սʿֳʵѾﵽı׼ûһ˿һд־ͽԼΨһһŻƬͷ˳ȥ
ƬԽսʿɱȻǽԴϲܣٻϰķһսʿչ
ƬȻǿΧ涼ȵѣսʿǱָоܻɱսʿ
ƺΪ֤Ĳ룬浱Ȼðһ֩˿һӾͽսʿУ֩˿ϣ޷𻵡
սʿȻ𺣣ϵ֩˿Ҳȫ䣬ֻȻûҲˣƤսǱǰ
һĻԥٻƣҲӹһɫӰӣսʿȥ
Ȼǰķٶȼ죬գ֮͵ǸսʿĽǰ׼÷צ˺ߵĺʱսʿһǿ׳ֱ̻ڲΧ
˺һ£ķצֻڶԷֱ¼˿ڱ޽෴һ㱻սʿȭС
ķ˻һĻҲһķıǳһʧ
ʱҲһǰһϵ
ͲСҲǱսʿһͷֳƣսʿ̽䵱вսſƬٴθֶһӳγֿ̬һٻǸ˿֩һ
ǿʤ
ƺսʿ̼սһ𣬵սʿĳìײһʱ򣬷˾޴졣һߣĳǹǸ˿֩ɢƵѹķǺһԸ֩롣
ӵ֩ϻЧģֻƬ̣֩Ͼ൯ף˲ɫҺ壬ǹã䣬֩뼸֫ϡ
֩жۿۣʱķӶһҧס֩Դֱ˺
֩룬ʣǸսʿ
ߵȻԤϣһɫƷʵȻսʿдơ
ʣԷ϶ǶƷͣʱæٴεᣬͶż׳濨Ƭڵʵʬ壬ʺǼ
ֻ߶೤ļ׳ܿѡʬʮʱֻڶ̬ĳ˼ս
ûգԼŷҲսͬʱͷһƬ
ҶϺԭΪ˾ǣԷȻʹЩֲĳˣȴǸоͷƤ飬˵ϣǸʤϾսʿǰ߸ֵΡ
һߣҶϺŬϵ֩˿ͬʱϰοҶϺûҲǿһ˵ս
˴Ͷļ룬ƽбˣǶΧҲֻƣмܡڼӺսʿȻԭƵѪҲȥ۾һ֪ˣȴ̸ԼĿƬ
׽սʿ
ѽȥֱץסսʿֱۣȻ˵Էѹսʿú޷
˿ȻǼޱȣ֩벿ˮ˵Ҳܵõ鿨й̶ӿƬϢֻҪܳ鿨Ҫƣ鿨ЧǿԻýתΪսʿ鿨ĸӵ20
˵ͬСɣȻҪӡ
սʿսҲľ۲ȷԷҪǰغͺ󱳵쿨ƬҲҪԪڣһԪѾľѹס壬ȷԷƲκηˡ
˿ߵڴڴսʿǰĴŶԷҲ̧ͷѪ۾
һ̣սʿ﷢һŹֵڣһ㶡
Ȼȫĺ壬֮ǰûԤϵģھܻ֮һԿöƬϵ֣ԵʹÿƬ֪ģһһ
£ͻȻһʵǾʹõһԡ
ȻҪӶԷȡ鱨ͼûпʼˣųԼ۴еԵսʿʮֲá
ҶϺŵ˾ôǱߵ˳սʿۣһջģʱҲ˵ʲô˵ֶҲˣ൱ͷַƬȻٻȻܲٿֻ׳Ϊˡ
ߺͿƬѾʲôܣҶϺǶܵĵطкܶߣþһߣҲֻһſƬҶϺ֪ҪÿƬǶôѵһ¡
ǰ˸ոʹ￨ŷʵδţˣռ˶ĿƬ
ҶϺ˼ʱǱѾȷսʿ޷ԼҶԷԾҲټսʿҪŬѣֻȡһ´Էĺ
ѪܿӿɥʧսʿҲ󳹵ûϢ
ƣĲ֪Щ𣿡ĵһ䣬ٻҡҡͷֻģֻ֪һƬȻǻۣ͸¶ԼϢ٣һ֮ǰѾԹܶΣԲټ˷ʱ䡣
עŵսʿǰغͺ󱳵ϣԷƬı¾ֵע⡣
ʮָӣ̺ܶŹֵķţȻҲǿ룬ȴ÷Ƥֱ¡
һûƤ£ûκθΧЩȴһĿɿڴŶ£ֱӽΪˡΣ


ʮ εᾧ
ŻմѪƤϣԽ俨û뵽ɹˡ
أ
һſƬľѪܵйŹƤҲһЩ鷳ѪƤҲʵЩģ㾡ȥоƤϵоԼ϶ҵͻơ
ʱŽעתƵΧЩ֩˿סˣЩˣǣոѾЩ֩˿ʱ䳤˾ͻ䣬ԼȥЩˣҪ˶Ҳ
뵽ȥ
롭һ£ҶϺʱ򲻵òˣȻΪŹֶ֣κչǾһĽҰֱãˣһЩǻܻ
ͣŤͷű֩˿ŵˣո˵϶֩˿ס
ҶϺԷͣǹ㲻ܾô뿪ڶã˹ﶼܲܽǴ֩˿ȳȥ
ҶϺԺգָָӹˣոǷҲѿڶһṴ̊ãڲǾ磬һʵǿֶκİߣ˵Ȼ൱ǡ
Ȼһüͷ΢΢һ壬˵Ǵ֩˿ȳȥƾʲôˣǵҾȵģӦõսʿɱٳֻȽϺã
ҶϺʱһһӵһֱ˵飬ѷ֮ҲûбôײΪ֮ǰľţ뵽ĴһᾹȻǰરવᡣ
Լһ仰ԷȻǿˣЦֹֵǮľᣬŮܻʵһ漣
һߣҶϺıڣҲǽõŮ˵ˡ
λҴС˵һԲ𣬲ǵȷǶãô뿪ǶһСʱȻѾһΣʩԮ֡
ʵҲǲѲ˵ЩȻѡȷķʽ
ӲԷôҲˣһЩԼ˵ֻǴ֮ͣǻ˻ֻ֣˳˹ȥ˺֩˿Щһһķ˳
ʱŷ֣֮ǰԼ˵˵ǸŮ˾ȻüΪƯţп·κܺõĳг۾ͨ죬ǺܴҲ൱ƯŮ֮һ
磬Ưеʱ򷴶ΪһǶԷԸϲֻǿһ۾תĿ⡣
һŮˣŶ̷ʮָ䶼ǹеģȻҲʮֲһرӢó̷Ůһߡ
ŮԣֻŮΪĿ
лл㣡̷Ů˶ЦЦֵСʵĵغܺõģոֻǡ
øҽͣƼˮѣ׼뿪ˣȥоƤϵ
ոãԲ𣬲һҪ鷳һ¸ûаȫľۼأҶϺʱҲָ飬ոֻǾίԲŻޣҲƽָǿһ档
ԼĪʮ๫ָָķתȥʱһֱڿİķȻķķĽȻ㳯Ŷո˵ǸŮ˹ȥ
һ㶣ķ͸һɾϲͼ٣ƺʲôشƵġ
ϸȥ֪ķһǿϲʳҲ˼Ҳʮֺ档
ķͻȻ֣ö˶ǴһΪҪ䣬һǽеѾǹ
ΪҶϺıڼѣӦ죬̴γһǹҶϺǰȻǾߣͿ֮ǰʹˣԲʹÿƬ
ʵö˲䣬Ҳˣֻм룬һ̾ͽԷץֹǹ˵ķ
ͬʱƺֻҲٶȼ죬ȥѹסǿֲƺֻ˷ݺ͹Ǵ̣Щ̲ŷǹᡣ
ҪСʲô޳ܣһһˣû뵽ҲЩɫۿļһһÿһĻҲļ٣һ·ϣٶҶСͼĴˣû뵽ǰװļһҲЩһ
ԷʵǿҪǿ˭ס
üͷ΢壬ڵŮôΪ˻Ҳ֪ķǳһ
ʱķǸŮķķĽţĳȣòˣʱҲŪˣķǶԷؿڴŵһȤ
Ů·ǰĲϵȷһӣ׹ʲôͲ֪ˣΪ·
ҶϺʱҲЩˣǰ۾ֱĶԼزƺԿ·һƽ϶öԷÿڣԼǱ˰ϵһ⣬׸֡
һ̣˵һޱȵĻ
·ӽ⿪
ˣԷһҪԼҶϺԴ˵һ£ֻоЩѣƱǿԷ϶˶ɱˣĺýǣ϶
㣡Щͷˣ֪ԷŵľʲôȻðķ˷ܡ
ߴ٣ҶϺָӲὫǰĿһһ⿪
ҵ˰ɣ̾Ϣһ׼Ž·ʱ򣬶ŷŮ˾Ȼ·Ӷ⿪ˣѾԿԲ۵زͷۺɫˣȴǼæͣ
Ѿһεͬˮһɫ׹·ð˳
ʱ򣬾Ҳоɫˮɢһ˿˿ŹֵϢðķľͬˮһĵ׹
ķɫˮѾǼ쳣ûԸವһ´ܹȥͽǸˮ׹ҧ


ʮ 񱩺Ͳ֩
һȻǽҶϺһôʱҲʮλԪͷӦٶҲ࣬ǺԣķٶȻǿûзӦʱ䡣
ֱķɫˮҧȻǶһԸԵҧȥŷӦ
ǡĸҵģҶϺԼΪҪһʯȻСˣȴЩˣǿĸȥ֮ǰ
˵ҲһͷˮķһﻹϲԱʯİã
ֻ˵Ǹʯͨıʯ
ΣҲ֪ˣΪѾķ˶ӣεļһ֮˷ܵ۷⣬ȻȻһ䵽ֱӿ
ôٻķһﶼʵ廯ƬϸһԪΣֻýķջ鿨ᡣ
ЩҴߵҲмߣƿص鿨ᣬ¶һ֮ɫȻ鿨ĵϸʣһϡпᡣ
ѾкҶϺ˹ȰˣһʯΣôֵǮҲȲҲ߹ȰͱԷɫȣֻʧȥһʯ˵Ҫõöˡ
ʯٹ󣬵ҲǱȲϼ
Ѿ޿أҶϺҲֻһɫЩý㣬˵û󣬺ʲôֻҪû¾ͺã
Ϊķ˶ԷһʯΣҲΪΣûʲôΡЩ˵Լȵãǳ˶ԷһֵǵʯҲûʲôԴ˿ֱת뿪
ƺֻ˴ͶҲ뿪
ûлصǸ֩벿۲죬ǴصۼоƬƤⰢķ̳ʯľٶҲʮ϶ǸʯϣֻԴһ֪ȥǸŮε־ˣǿûʲôֱ𣬶ҶԷ϶ΪͨΡ
ųĲݴԣŪȥαװȻ󽫴ԼҲһ³Ѿģ⳵СʱѾصۼء
ΪǼֻҪǾͿһֱڣƿ϶ǲһֱʵ廯ģںͻԶʱҲռһЩϡеĽͲϣӣưæǿһ·
ҲǿƷʵģֻĿǰ˵ֻӲǿ֮ԪҲ
ʱԹעԪһâǲŽ޼᲻ݣװ׳һп
һǿſڣȡƤʼо

ۼ⣬ҶϺÿľ߹ģľۼط׷˿
ۼزСˣ˵·һһʱ䣬Ȼ취ȥǣÿۼȻʮָˣһԵҶϺҲһ
ǸļһûƭǣҶϺ˵һ·ǿǾ˲Σգ˵ʵ϶Ҫĵ˯֮󱻹Ե
ھۼٲõ
ǽȴһ⣬ǵʱ̾ͱǹʵ
ǲǱۼص˺ͳһ۾ֱܷȻһԽҰаͳǴûмڡˡۼصǵõ㹻ĺôŻ룬ЩҪھۼסĴ۾͸ˡ
ҶϺòû³ǵһʮȥЩͨƬ̣ɫЩջ˻ˣҪȥÿϽһֻë⣬ҪҹҪ֧࣬ȻʳƽҲ֧
ҶϺǱѳģʳﱾͲˣϵ϶ϽɣǾֻʣ²ˡ
ֻѣôв񣬾УҲֻٲֵĽΣ϶֧ˡ
ȥ˵˵ҾͲˣСҲһгǻܲӣһ۾Щ³ȥЩۡ
ֻĿɿڴǣЩһףȭͽצĸгڵϣһһŨ̵ޣʲô㣬˵ǸгǸʡҲ㣡
ʱ򣬴濪⼸һУǰʲȥȴµôܽȥΪʲôͲУ
ЦǽϴȻǿͨ裬Ҳ򿴿ĵУܺͽϴ𣿸ϽⰭ£
ȵ׵ĸгĻصϣҶϺڵ˶һ
ˣС㣬ҸոտۼҲкܶ¶ӪȻȲǾۼҲҪȫ٣ǾʱŰɣõܹѵҲʱ˵
죬˯ߺͽʳоƤڴǰƽķǿûʱȥ鿴
ڼ䣬ֻһţǾһϴ£һѴë⡣
ȻⶫԼԵģҪιͶһǾԵʳߣⶫ
Ҫ󣬽ϴ˸ԭȫִС
ʱ䣬о˳ɹ⻹öǰȫѧ˲ٱµԵʡ
˿ץһƤתԪоԪùʽԽƤɿƬ
ȻⲻϿѾȫھҪˡ
ķٶʮԪһƤſʼֽ⣬ȻۺϳһźɫĿƬ
ڼ䣬ƺƬϴŭ
ȵƬɹѾͷ󺹣ȻܸˣΪƬɹˡ
񱩣;5ͷ1ԪԽ״̬ʩӵٿصϣٶȼ1Ч5ӡ
֪νĿƬ;áǷͷŵĴʵ֮һһſ񱩿Ƭʹ5ΣЧ൱Ϭ
ΪԪһգֻܵڶڶſƬͬںķ˽еԪ֮һ￨֩롯³˿ĿȻǿʵȴӹɡ


ʮ ϴ
첻ţͷ㣬°Ҳ˺Ӳ磬ܸˣſƬĻֵһС
ֻδǸ֩벿ˮͷ۲ֹ
Ĺ۲֩벿վĶ棬бʵǿһսʿеĵƣٶ༸ֻˡһǸ֩롮鷨ʦī϶öԸ
ˣֻһһˣſƬ뿨ᣬ̸о鿨16ɸӣЩˡ
һ˲ԪֻԪⶫһ϶ǱһҪá
⣬һֵ飬ǾǿİķƬϸŵԪԽԽ࣬ѾȫɫԭͼѾˡ
ٻķûκλӦҲʱ£ȻЩģ뵽ʯǰķԼȥģӦòʲô¡
ʱſڵĴͶ˻㶣ܿʹ
ֹסˣǰŴ򿪣ȴſվŵǽۡ
ʮûĽԱǰʱ˲٣ϵƵǺ㣬ֵϴǱʣֻϵƸ᲻
ȨƵĸʵȻӵ޷󼰵ʵ
ãΪ⣬Ҳó⽭²϶Լ
Ȼûݣ۱¶һʮֲ˼ɫǸʵǲ˼ûа취ҲϢ
ʱ䣬⽭۵ӡǲ˵ԼǷ˶Է飬ԵһЦ˵ɣ
ȵѵĽ۽ӵһ۾ͿͶֻˡ
λһŶۼضͷһӦܣǳˣ˭³ˣ
˵ǿֲļʽͲ̾جεгֹĹҲ⣬ǳСĻΪߣҲԲֻڶ̬˵ĵ֡
˲䣬ʶƺЩԡ
ֻڶ̬ĳ˲û˹ͬūһվ˲䣬ĳһŵͷ
ֻǿĳˣū͡
˿ĭ۽׼ȥȸ˻򶨵߽ӡ
Ȼ¶ˣֻ˵ȷūͣȫ֪һ󣬽ҲǰȻһһߣʵԲԼ󼰵ģ˸ԵĹҲСġ
ͬһʼ˵ģΪȲѣҲ
ʵ˵ĻҪΣգѯ£ԷſǣԼ˵˳֮ѡҲΪ֮ǰ´һ仰
ǾǷһ顣
ʮӺŪ˽ԼĿġԭԴϴԼΪСۼصϺǱ˰һ˺󣬵۶˽ϴұۡ
ҲǴ֮ˣ֪ǣȻûһ𣬸Ǿʹȥ۱ǳյռۼʳʹ󲿷⣬˵ڵϴȨѾҪԭĵͷκˡ
Ҳ֮ˣûбƳͷԣйעϴκ򳤵Ķ򣬶ȻԷȻһ׼һԸԼ
ֻˣҲ£ǽϴ֪ʲôط£߰˸ߣʵǼΪǿᣬǵһӵжſƬǿƬ֮ࡣ
ѾŶϴóвҵ֮ڹ򣬲ȻҪԸµǴ򲻹Էɷһһ֮Ҳģ֮£۲Ż뵽
뷨ֻҪԸͻصء
ڶЩִٲĽۣŶԷƬ̣ŵһһʱ䣬ǱϳȥҲ˺ܶ෽㣬ʱҲûչˣȻ㿪ˣæҰˣ
һԸæȻǴϲȴǽԼյ鱨˵˳ǽϴļǼߵʵ
꽭۵ĽǰԾȣ˵ûǽϴļľߵȷ
Ǹľ߾ȻӵʿһʿɲܻͨõģһֿƬҲϡ
ǽʿǶʿ;߱˻׺Ҷս
ʵϣ϶Ҫǿڶ̬ĳˣ˵һﵱУʿۺʵĹؾħĺͽʿս϶Ҳ䡣
ʿϰȫ鳤ɱֵУʹöʿľߣʱǿƲŸɵԷ
뵽ҲΪ֣Ҳֻǽ˶ѣʵ֮ǰȫҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ǶԷսȫԼҲڶʱڽֽҴӦ˽ۣҲ
ʲôʱ֣Žʵ֪ϽȻѾһЩ׼׵ˣֻԼͷ
Ȼ˵Լļƻ
ȻΪǿҪһ䲻⣬Ҵ賿֡κ̫󣬾ۼв˶֧ѡȳսģһκ򳤱ǲƴۼغͽĳƣ۾ۼ˵һ
ãҵ׼һ£˵ͷ۶˵ֻкôߵõŵ˳ȥ·Ͷ߳˵ʱ򣬻Ǳһľ롣
ߺǿ˿ʱ䣬ϰ˵㣬賿һʱ䣬ʱԼĵԪҲָ
ΪԸսʿ˼еԪ˿ȴˡ񱩡֩͡롯ȷſƬʮϵԪ׬ġ


ڶʮ ϴĩ
賿ʱŴͶ׼ʱţн۵˵æӭ
ϴˣһ׶ĺӴ˿Ц
߰ɣҲ˵űöֽǿķ⼸ΪһֱоƤԸողŷѷı仯
ʣƽһһΡ
һɫƷʣӲ2.5Ԫ9һװʱҪķʮԪԺ󿨻ʵ廯ķԪһɸַںһУ͵ʵãɱ֮
ӲȺԪʶˣʽҲһС仯вȫֱһ㻡ȣ״ĵзޱȡǧҪСһ統УӲ0.2Ԫ1кܴĲ
ϵĺϽԪԼ1һΪֲĴڡ
˿ϴĵ̣һ޵ŮϷĳ̡
ԽϴݣھۼصҪŮʤ˿̽ĵľһǳƯŮˡ
ܿ죬ϴ㡮еͶ̱ŮϣӵŮ˻ø紷
ϴʹ죬ŽĴƻ
ǰ̲Ϊʹ˳ţȴ֪ǰ֣Ѿļһǿľߣ㹻ʵ𷴻
Ⱦǰѽ۳ˡ
ֻҪ˽ۣôۼǶ֣ٶɱ˰֣ǶԷʹĿˡ
뵽ļľߣϴһߣû֮һ
ڽϴγưʱ¥ͻȻǹͽ
ܿ죬һ¼æ߽ϴɱˡ
ģ϶ǽ˵ԼֵǶҾͰˣϴŭһ̾׼һ
ļľ߸ҲסȻԷ͵ϮѰ·
ֻߵſڣŵǸ¾ͱһӰ˵ڵϣҽУȻֹ
̲ӣϴæͷȴǿһֲֻĳҧǸµĺѪҺ˿ﲻӿ
ϴһֱ򸽽ûм˵ȻҲ֪߲ƣ˿ȥڴϼеŮˣҪֱܳȥ
ֻһ̣һ˿˲佫һȹס˵ذϣϴֱӹʺһˤڵϣصĿڵϣѪͺһ
˿̣ӷ䴰ڣһֻ̥С֩룬ոյ˿ġ
˿ٶȼ죬첻ӵҲǿٶһˣһ˸ܶ㿪
ϴ˿ֲ̾ѣҪ֪ķ¥滹Լ£ֻ﾿ôģ
ֻ֩뻹ǳ˶ûиκ˼ĻᣬֱͻƵĹǴ̽ϴԴ̴λĵͷߣ׼չͼԼҡ
ϵŮ˼˿ɲϧ˸´ɱ¾һ
Ƭ̺Ů˵ļҲֹͣˡ
ϴѾˣһȺףҲֻǳ£¥£һԵĽ˵
ֱӽϴҲ˽۵鱨˶Էķ䣬Ͳֱ֩ȥɱԷ
ԷһǶԷͲһˣ֪ʱ̶ȭһлȻΧɱϴ¡
ҪܵȻҪ翹ֻǾ͵ظɱʱڣûκʴȿɽֻѪȨ
⵱УϴļЩΪ翹˿Ѿɱ˲ٽ۵¡
⵱һĳֹëƤȴǿЦϴˣãҲգôԺ͵̾ͶˣǸ缸ۼشչȭţȫɱˣұ㲻طܶԸҿƬļһ
ЦţѾʵ廯Ƭڲϵո
ʿֳ˫ֽż򵥵Ļףףӵϲ˶˺һ֮£۵±˲ء
ͬΪߣûǿƬ֧ŵҲǶ֡
˵۾Ѫȴǹ׼ֻ߼ΪƻһֱһвƤס壬ӵȥ޷͸ƤӵĶܶͬһëΨһܿģֻӵȥĻǡ
ϴǸ̫ˣ̫࣬ôȥɲɣ۵һ´˿ܹ˵
۾ûϹˣ˵꣬ǳ˳һԵܶԸǸֵģҲֻܰ쵽
⼸һֱڹ۲Էⲻ֣û㹻Ԫ޷ٻƣķһʯҲһֱֿƬ״̬ûгʱܶõֻдͶֻԼ֩ˡ
񱩿ƬôҲá
Ȼ˿յսԶԷʿһʿ޾ԣ۲죬Ѿ˰ա
£ٻȻò֩һԲӦȴǶԽ۵ǸߺｻңԸ
˵꣬ȡʹһ˹ȥ
ӲƴͶ϶ǽʿĶ֣Ȼôɵǲ֩롣
һˣֻὫûʲôĲ֩뵱һȴǽ֩뵱˱
ĳ̶ֳ˵һֻ֩ļֵԳ˴Ͷܿ죬ʵ֤һ㡣
һʿ˹ĴͶ׼˫ֽնɱͻȻһ˿ͽ˫ڵϣм˿ֱۺͳҲճһ
ǿĽʿ˲ʧȥ˻
֩˿ʮǿ󣬾ǽʿҲҪһѿһʱȴպǽʱ
Ͷ̳ȥ͹޷ӳʵĽʿֻƬ̾ͱײеĳ˻ɱ
սȻǺܲ֩֩˿µģҲҪϢ׼ʱֻӲһʿ˵ҲǼ˺ܶѹ


ڶʮһ ƴʵ
ʣǸٿؽʿͶʿľ߲֪ܽµ﷢ӵ£ɵһʿʱŷӦ
ݣӵĽʿǾ۵Ĵһ̶һǹɨ䣬һߴһ
ЦһͲöԷԼϣȴôסһʿͶʿҲӭŶԷ߹ȥ
ӵϣȫϽԪ׵£˼״һ㶣֪ҲһӲӣҪ˻ȥ뵽Լŵһ㵶ǹƤҲд󶨡ԷûǹԼ
ֻҪȵԼʣµһʿͶʿ˶Էĳˣǰ˾ǰϵһ̲ˣԼ׸
һ̣ȻֱԷ˹ȥ
׳գϵƤӵ򲻴ĵ
˿Цһֻ˵һȻֹΪԷĵȻһӴ͸ԱƤࡣ
ôܣﲻ³ѪҺ۾һš
ôܣƤӲȵȷܸߣƷʸһӲԴﵽ2㣬һӲ2.59ĴʣҲ˵ȫ̻Ӳ಻2ĻƤҲֻһ΢͵Ĵֽټ͵ĴֽҲᱻͱƣ˵
ʣһȫʤԷ̫ԴóȻǶڽʿͶʿԼһʱ仹κβöԷǶԷɵĳΪһŻƤܰٶֱ֣ǿЦ
౻̴ȻֱԷϵƤץ˿ĵ˵ͷ
һƷλĻƤ
Ǵëһ֣Ϊϡ٣ƽǧֻëвŻһֻͱһĴëҪܶ࣬ƤʼӲһʣղ٣Ѱӵǲܻһз֣ҪɵԷҲɡ
һĿƬҲֻʱˡûȥвƬﳼԼʿͶʿǼΪģ̫ѱ䣬Եȵ֩֩˿ЭͶƬɱ
˵ǿľ߶ˣǱ߽˽ϴͷͶͶϴֱӱ
˿̵Ľ緢ȻոջսУļҲһǹӣһ϶˵ʵǲʲô
˽ϴоֻʣκв
һУ
Ȼ˿ǶǧлиԼעͶǶôǵһ¡
ʱһǹʵ˳֣ΧЩǰ棬һʮ˹Ƥ𪣬۾ɽװ󣬻żɫˡ
κ򳤣Ҿ֪϶Ҳ϶벻ѾϴˣۿǸʮˣ˵
һ㶣ǸȥΪᣬЩ׾ľκ򳤣ЩԤϡ
óκڣļ˶Ǿߣʵ϶
ʱѾ˹ȥһЦκ򳤣ʵڲ˼ô˻ˣ¶ˣϴҪԽĳͼ죬Ҷ֣ĳΣֻΪԱȴʧɱ»κΪֹŶ
κ򳤣֪ԷԲһöһֱԼͽϴͬʱֻǣƣԼ˽ϴ󣬶Է϶ѵġ
Ȼϴκüͷһ壬ɫѾ÷ǳѿ
֣ͽϴĶԹҲжţֻҲôôӰۼصİȫֵǶһȥ˵ȥκ˵꣬˰ֵ֣˱ǳǹǰһǲ⡣
ҲӣµҲһǹ˨һԡ
ʱǱƴʵʱ˭ʾκ򳤻ãһʾǾٲһͬͽһ¶ƴļơ
κ򳤣Ǵ촰˵ɣսѾˣ㻹ң˭ûкôĳ֪Ȳκ򳤱ǿ׳Ӳͷһģ촽ƿ˵Ѿ̯ˡ
κһ۾Ҫѣһ̣ͻȻֻˡ
ڶ̬ĳμΪ磬ףԴ͹Ǵ̣ɱ¾ɱʮ㡣
˿ֻ̣ߴ͵ĳվһͬūһκΪߣȻ֪ƬʲôһūͣȻӦûûֳ
ϴʵκǽϴļľ߸֣ʵһ޶Ϊۿ϶ᱻϴݺȴû뵽ȫӣϴȻˡ
Ȼ֮ǰĹ˽۵ʵǿԿֻ˵˻ǽ۵
κͻȻ뵽ǰʱ˷ӰˣĪҲˣ
ʱκͻȻֶǸͶһĿ⣬κֻоͻȻһˮһëֱ
˾Բ򵥣ϴʵǿ󶼱ɱˣ˵ʵ黹Ҫӳ飬Բܼһʱκ򳤱һۿЩľоȻǲһ⣬ȴû¶ֺ
ǿ˿˵ĲۼһкܶҪ㣬ҲǽϴȡҲͲ׷ˣ뽭ֺȾƣ
κҲõŵµˣȴЦЦȻŤͷߡ
򳤣Ϊʲôְսһ򾡣ڿǺûᣡκߣһʵ
ߣս˸֣ʵɲ⣬ǿжбʣٶQ죬ˣǸʬоôˣκ򳤷˷۾һһʵ
ͻѾڷƣȴûʲôչʵڲУʷʬܣҲܷӼսǸ߼æ˵
κһȴǲͷİڰֵߣսʿһǾȻھ򲻳ˣҲûָʲôʷʬʬܰɣǳҪսͻôһҲһݱϣ


ڶʮ ķ
Ԫã˲˵ۼأ˵ûܱȵùԼ
ոֻԪ˫۽ɱͷųȥһֱԼκ򳤴ȥָоǺˬġ
˵ʵҲ֮٣Ȼóκ򳤴㶯֣Է˶ڣߵҪȽ߶һǼԼҲʱΨһĺӳۼأֺȴƬ׹ļƻгͻ
ԣѡ塣
Ҫչֳһǿ̬κ򳤿ҪöԷɵĴۣӽ֮ǰУ֪κ򳤾Ц滢;ƵˣûаգԲᶯ֡
ͬƵκ򳤼ɵǵʵѡʱȴ
Ҳ˿Ȼ֪Լʵκ򳤱ǲ̫Զոκ򳤾Ҫ䣬ΪͻȻ⡣ȻκǼɵһ㽭۷ǳκ뿪󣬵һʱл˵ʲôҪȥһϯ
˵£ѷԽۼصĵλҪŪһľϯҲһ¡
ֻȥʵǺΣյģǸƿؽʿͶʿľʶ̫κ򳤹̫࣬ǽ¾ͻһ⾰ˡ
л˽۵ĺ⣬صԼסʱѾ⣬ΣҪԼʵ
֩벿ˮҪõ߰죬ǾѺ£ҲƬʱ򣬵ʱζҪᵽһƬ
ʱͻȻоһԪһɲȻǴ鿨дġ
һ㶣ʶʲôæ鿨֮󣬹ȻķĿƬϵԪھҲ
Ҳǵһǰ찢ķ̳ǸʯһֱֿƬ״̬ôжûлӦһֱԪʮȶ£Ԫľô£
һ̣ᵱаķĿƬȻ𣬸ڿУͼĿʼ仯Ƭ̣仯ƬϺ֮ǰȻͬĿɿڴ
ǧʯһ￨ӣƷʣɫ״̬壬ʵ廯ޡһƾõԪʥãԪʦĳпʵ廯ķѶԪ1ʯ
Ȼ仯״̬ԭǵ壬ھȻ˰壬֮⣬ֶһ
1ʯƬϵФҲ˱仯ķ϶ƬֻǸͷƺС˲١
һ̣ƬԶһ֮ǰСһȦİķڿУԭķֱҲһ׶ߣ£ֻаʮ֣ҿȥΪϸǸо͵ĳȥ֬һ
ķ϶һЩƬ˫۸ͬʯһ㣬ȵķ˹Դ
ʱһ㣬ķˣͷСһţȻǰˣķģ϶ǸŮ˲ϵʯ׹
ڰķõ1ʯǾϲޱȣһַԶĿʩչ
ַӳֺһʯṩǿķһ£ӲȾȻԴﵽ1ϣѾͬͨӲˣҪȳ˼׿ǻҪӲ
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ҪǣǰķҪķѶĿƬҪġֻհķĿǰĵȼͳȣһ֮ҲֻͬʱĿӳ֡ʯ
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ԹƣۼһͷˣΧһЩطγľ߹ģӪأȻۼأҲܾۼعϽˡ
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Щصģصʳܶ˶ȥȥƭеðɱëõɱһֻԱӣãҲزˡ
ҶϺ˿ɫ԰׵ĶһһԥҪҪǹˣٿԻĿ
ý㣬һǹԱΨһˣԵĶ취ֻʣˣûǹָʲô鷳ҶϺ˵ɫӵĲ԰ףǰݣҿˡ
ǾߣҪҶϺǿ̫࣬첻ԷҲ
С㣬ˣٶŶӣӿ˵Ļôȥǣûǹڣܱ㣡ɫ㣬üĿеӢŨȽҶϺԵŮԵ


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һӱܳЩˣֱ˵˾һȫˣ֮ǰǻǴȥأƺ뵽ʲôһŭ
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Ψһúû뵽ǣҶϺǹ
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ģŮ˾ȻǹһڣȴǴӻһѼ⵶òлܰͽһ磬С¶ã϶Я
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ںǰŪԼʵӵץһʯȻͶȥȻǴҶϺǹϡ߱Ͷͷۻټ㣬ǹֱӱڵϡ


ڶʮ ŮĽ
缸СǵǹѾжˣץסЦһһַʯǴСģ׼ͷʮ㣬ʮָ֮Ĵģ鷢ΪߺԶͨˣ˦ʯͷ㡣
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һŶӵôӸոտʼЩͻȻԶһǹͷһ
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̴ӳĶ鵱ܳرȥӺͿüץסҶϺһҲ˲࣬æȥ

ۼÿ춼һߴԽҰӵ·ʻ˻ÿһ·ָоҲһ
ɱһսʿҪΪһ½ķʵһֻͶټϰķġʯԡ
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ԼһСɫôֵýϴʦڵʱǼϴĹǸɷȴǼæǰǸ˾Ϲ


ڶʮ ʬϮ
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С˷·һ·һУӪѾɱ˲ˣɳȥӦҲͬܵ˹߻СӾȻͬʬһãҲӵӵϣѪ
ϴûֹԵһʱ뵽Ҳ֪Щͬʬһ
ʱ򣬸պÿϴ˺;ۼصھѻЩˣ֪ͬĻʬһЩ߻·ãѪⸯãﲻϷͺӵûκο־塣


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ҲͷһοʬЩȻģֲǵʵսߣǹеͿԶɺܴ˺һд󲿷־ͱ½ɱ
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Ƭڼ֮ҲɼɱͬɽĵƬһѾЩʬΧ˲أͽϴҲԶҲܵ˲
ѪըΧʮ֮е˶ˣǱǺ˺֧ʬ壬һЩûϻһ߹ǣϵ˿ڡ
˿̽ϴĿɿڴոյλҲǱըΧ֮ڣը˲䣬ΪԼˣȴ֪ϲ֪ʲôʱ򸲸һʯƤ
һӲʯƤֵ˴󲿷ֳǣϴҲһ罦ѪƬɸӡ
־˽۵Ȼ˲ðķӳˡʯ
ۻͷ˿һԷеİķ֪Լȵġ
˻ȥЩʬЩŹ֣Ҫ˿ԸʵϲԸҲٿֿԱĹԼ·׷׺ˡ
һʱ׷Χ֮ڣֻʣֻʬԳ֡
ϴźϽԪףȻʬըǵƬ˿ֻѪģվʬͻȻЩʬĲϣһ·һ֩ͼ
˲䣬뵽֩벿Ǹ֩롣
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˿ڲͬʬǶֿ˿һԵǧʯķȻ¶һŹֵı顣

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ͬʱǸŮʬȻǶһʮֹŹֵڣе͹ֻ֣ͬǱӦʮһڣ˿̱һŮʬȻһ˵ĹͿֲ
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ŮʬƺԼΪʦܿͷӦ
ķĿƬдţǧʯԪʥãԪʦĳԣŮʬǿķſ˵ġ
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Щͷһ̱⣬ԷκҪӣһʱķҲǲϳŮʬ˻Уֹȥˡ
ΨһûôͶΪھۼΧʲôΣգû뵽ԼǿǵǷȱˣֻһһԷʲôͼ
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ŮʬϣȻŹָӵķš
ãһæˣȻźϽԪףŮʬϵķ̫죬˶ʮףʱŮʬȻը罦Ѫ⡣
һ±ը󣬼ǰ֮ˣҲ罦Ѫ
Ҳһ̸оЩѪ̺һ˿ΪͺڰԪ
ЩԪʴΪߣҴźϽԪףôұֺ֤ڰԪʴ»ᷢʲô
֪ܿЩڰԪˡ
ΧѪͨˣ̵ذðһɹɺңƤٸãë䣬ȻɺʬһĹʼΧˡ
ҪԺһ㣬ûбڰԪʴʬҲǾήңӲƽʱһʵ
һ˭û뵽ѣӪбڰԪʴʬˣֻʬ֮ʱǧ˵
дľۼǹɱЩʬ롣
ȵɱЩʬۼذΧӪ˾޴ĿֻŵСԱʬǿʴ͸ȾѪ⣬һ̾ͻᱻȾʬֲֿĳһ泬˳ˡ
һ£жʬۼػȺܼԱǻǧʬľۼصĻ
˿վǸŮʬԱĵ㣬ϸ鿴ĺۼͲԪ
ҲڰȫѧһЩ£оԪ֪θӦΧԪ
ǸŮʬȷ֩벿֩Ľ֮⣬ȷһ㣬ǾǴ֩ʮֽƻЩ¸̽ʾ
һŮʬԱһ¾ʬȥΪֲǱˣһļɾļﶼһ㡣
ԱͷųӴڰԪʴʬԱʬԲôġ
ͬԪĿǰʵһҲֻŻԪǸ֩ҲƵԪ类֩ưˡ
;һҲѭԪɣһǶ˭ǹƽģһ֪һ㣬ȷҪôԱһܸȾͨ˵ʬһǳѺʱ¡


ڶʮ ȥ͵Ϯ
Ǹ֩εĲŻ磬εҲֻһǻ˻һ鷨ʦͷΣҲԱȾʬɡ
Զ϶һγֵԱʬ϶ǶԷȫ֩벿Ҳʮˣ֩ôֲֿԱʬۼͲˡ
ȥԴ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ǵ֩˵ԼһڷôһС֮󣬿϶Ԫľٻ뵽һڡ
ҲΪʲôԷԼĿʱ䣬ԷôţƣֻԼӵĿʱ䣬ò죬Է֮˵ڼ䣬϶Ϊָܻ֩ȫʢ״̬
ڵԼɱ֩벿սʿѾǺǴ֩˳𣬴ӽԷ̬϶ưոݣҪǣʬܽóȥֻһߣһˡ
Ȼ´һʼûк̸ĿܣԼΪʲô
ͻȻһ󵨵뷨֩ںܿ뵽Ԫľڣʱ֩벿䣬ǳɹʻ᲻ܴ
¹ϵˮɲӣΨһǣĿǰƾԼһ˵ܽ֩벿
֪ԼҪ֣֡
뵽̲֩벿ĸֺôѾЩסˣ⣬ȴ˽ϴ
£ܰԼֻ⽭ˣ֮ǰԼ˽ϴ󣬸Ǽӽκ򳤵вһæŽ۲ƴǡ
Ȼͽһ˵Ҫеԥһ£ǵ˵ͷͬ⡣˵֮ǰæǽԱʬıըˡ
֪Ҫ˭֣ܵõֻмˣ߲ˣһ㣬ֻٶǹ۴󷽵˵
ѾǽϴܶõʵˣһҲ֪ûƭϴæɵκ򳤣ƿۼأΣ
һ¶˼ɫĩһ磬˭ƿȨ˭ˣܳΪۼصһ֣Ȼٺò
㣬˵ɣʲôʱ֣ۼæʵ
ȥ֣һͳ²˳٣֪Ǵ֩ոԱʬ¾Ǻˣ͵ϮԷʱ
ԼҲҪһЩ׼϶Ҫϵģ⼸ҲһЩԪԽٻ֩룬֮⣬ŹԪ֮ì͡׶Լ񱩡Ѿеսˡ
صԼסŮ˾ȻֻǸƯȴʮŮ˾Ȼεˣ̷Ůһ
ʱѾ֪Ů˽ʲôεǸҶϺ̷Ǹá
üæͣϺǰˣܲܰæȾ֪ûʸҪЩôҶᱨ㣬ܹѵͨһһߣҸɣŮ˶ԣֻҪܾȾϺ
ƺǹҧ촽˵û취ˣ֮ǰȡ뿪ʱֻ뿪ֻǰ·ҶϺεŸգٲΣֻܿͬõҶϺȥ
ýҶϺʱֻΪˣԸԼ
һƯĽûУĳͱѣǸֵеʱ򶼿ס
ŮԸΪô˵һˣҪȱֵΣҲȷҪˡ˵ˣ޷ȥǧ֮ңľǣԺȥлŪһðķʯֻҲŹ
뵽һ۵£ۼصҽҶϺãǵݸһԶǹԼ͵Ϯ
ȻЩԼС㣬ûǽԶǹ뿪֪ҪҶϺֻܼϣǰˡ
ܿ죬ϴĶͼϣʮİٶˣ˶ϳȻƺƵʻ˾ۼأ֩벿ڵķȥ
ھ֩벿仹ĵطͣ³鲽֩벿俿
·Ѿ߽۽ҪϮĿʲôһҲһΪۼصһ߲㣬Ȼ֪֩벿Ĵڣۼغܶ˶ֲ֪Ĵڡ
սʿѾصӰ쵽˾ۼصİȫ
ܽ֩벿ɨô϶õۼ˵ӵ粿лõĺô϶ҲС
ǰ֩벿սʿֻвʮˣϱۼظɵǸɱսʿ϶Ҳ̫ࡣ
ǸɽȺԶ۲죬Ȼ֩벿ӪȻȼǰһЩսʿֻ࣬ʮ
Ҳ֪սʿ࣬ÿһǶ϶öԸߵ˸࣬Ǿ߾ϰˣƽֿԸһսʿȥʮˡ
ҲɵӲƴ
ѾսʿֵѾϤЩսýڲݴһ׵壬ڲḷ̌սʿȻƽͷϣҼΪǿ׳ǵ϶Ҳһʱ
Ҳϲ˵ļƻǸ·ʮͰͣʱﶪȥȼսʿԻˡ
Щ׼Сʱ꣬˿Ѿڣô󲿶Ӷ棬ǶһˣŴͶаķԶ֩Ӫء
֩Ӫֳֳìսʿ̷˺УһƤģܿ죬ʮսʿͳǰûгǰڳһơ
ûһ֩Ӫ֮ǰǸ֩롣
֩󣬻һ࣬ҲȥʬģǸŮʬһʬͫͬڣӦǱʩĳַ䵱֩ĴͲ
ʬЩԾ
ʦ黹ʬ𣿡Ȼ˵ʬȴܵǸ֩Ŀơ
֩룬۾ߵĴȴǷһŭ˻С
˿̼һսʿʬߴʮۡ
㾹ȻЩļҲµǳƣʦҪīķŭ
ʬһߵսʿ͵ǰ


ڶʮ ˮ
û뵽Ǵ֩뿴սʿôֱ˱ŭУҲʡ뷨Щսʿˡ
˵֮˿֪սʿӶȥһ󼦷ɹʮսʿֻʣȫ䵽嵱С
ҲЩսʿ˿ҹɫ谵ҽڳĿ϶αװĺܺãϸֲ쳣
ȥսʿȻȥûȥģ̱һΧ
սʿȻǶǱϾûʯʯƤӵܶ˺˵ߡ
ֻҪͬʱʮսʿôƻǼΪԵģɼˣսʿڿ񱩺Ͳ֩İɱ˶ʮˣ֮űɱ
֩벿Ӫ֮ڣ֩뿴ųĴͶ˻Уֻʱ򣬴֩ߵսʿֻȻѾʲôв
һսԤ֮У֩Ԫ㣬޷ʩչʲôǿߵʬҲֻһֻԱɵɱҲΪޡ
Ϊ鷨ʦԵʣ֩ⲫȫûԤϵķȷǼΪֲ
սУ֩ԪſƬһͷ֮໹սʿʬվս
֮ǰΪ˱Ѿý۰˺սʿͳͳӵУƬ֮䣬Էӵһʵʬ¡
ڶſƬֲȻݻһֻ˻еԹٹԹ鹥ˣɥ
ǴͶҲǰؼʱ̣Ǵ֩벻ע⣬˷ƬԪ֮ìͱ׶һ𹥻˹ȥǴ֩뱾ʹڣŷһԵĹȻɱֻٿصԹɢΣˣɱϰˡ
ҲͷһμֲֿĹһʱ䶼оֻԼЩսʿ֩ʱ򣬾ԻḶΪصĴۡ
˵սʿȻǿ󣬵ȫ¶ûǸᷨĴ֩Σա
˲֪ȴǷǳǳ֩ڣԼһʩչŹܽɱһɹɱ˴֩롣
һֱô˿̲ʶ˵ʵǸ֩ʱо˳׵׵Ŀ־壬˿ֲȻɱˡ
ʲôˣô
չսƷʱ䣬ϴҲʧʮˣȻҡĸҲʹѡ
ǽõսƷг󣬽ϴϲŻһ㡣
֩벿嵱ʣʵطǳϳˣֲһЩʧ
˿öҲһսʿʬ嵱У壬սʿǿ̫ࡣ
֩벿Ӫص룬һͼһӣ鿴һ£ȴɫ䣬̽дһӡ
֣һϾȻ̺һֹŹֵԪͬһţͨһռ͹ȡ
֪Ǵ֩Ǵʲôطˣ˵ͨһӴңԶ絽
Ȼַ֣϶ҪӻȥֲĹ
ͼƻͬռͨҲ֮رաʵҲ죬Ƭ̣һͼӾͻٻһΪֲĹｵ٣ǽ˶Ӷˡ
֪ӹһٵܿʹһҵҪĶ
ˮ
һڷˮҹɫɢĹâ˿ֻҪõˮôһŬֵˡ
ԪľܽЩˮֻܵȵڶ죬ȻЩˮװá
ĺˣ֩벿ӪصУĲϣһľȻװһѹŹֵķĩ
һд֣⾹Ȼǡ߹ǳʣɱ֩ī鷨ʦ׬ˡ
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ڽ˵֩벿˵жĺôǾǾ޴֮ǰʬϮʱ˵ۼֵĻ̻̣ǽϢɢȥھۼ۵ﵽ塣
ʵҲˣȵڶϢȥ󣬽ϴѾǹκ򳤣ۼغӪ깣۽ϴ
κ򳤵ס۾ȥ˹ĵĴһݺݵĽһ豭ˤڵϡ
ôýһȣЩսʿôǿ󣬶һǸ֩Ǿôģκ򳤴˵Ļȴûһܴ
ͰǷͰκ֮󣬲һǰ򳤣ǽӴνһɽݶҪҪȡ֮
Ĳǰ͸ңҲ˵ڸôκһˣ֪ԷǶıæʵ
ǽĲһʮˣҲȷСʱ˵ǵʵҪǿǽۣͻԲǣ˵ۼضȥ簵в£۵Ҫ˿ãҪԸľ
κһ㶣û˵֡
ûµǽļһ֣ϴҲ˽ϴֻҪ£ˣ۱ûϻΪ壬ȻԷʶ̧٣Ǿͳֹ۵Ҫ£Ҫֶ£Ͳ
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ýһ׷ӣԭסһ˿϶û⣬ֶŮˣЩСˡ
ŮȻҶϺãǰ߳ҽҩѾ˺ܶ࣬ҲȷһĽɫͬ˵ͨǹеѧͳĲ񶷣չӡ
ߣҪԭΪʯҪһúѯʹʯ鱨
ڴ֮ǰҪ֩벿սƷ
۸ŵסһ˫С¥ٶƽףôԼſڣԼǸõҪоһЩûرҪ£Ҫң
˵ֱ꣬˶¥ķ䡣
ѾǼΪηȻǲʲô飬ҶϺûȫתʱչˡ


ڶʮ 
ڷɽһѪܵƤЩǴƤµġ
ֻ⵱кܶ඼ģƤϵһ𣬾޷ῨƬҲ͵ͬǷˡ
ɼˣġ񱩡ƤҲţ֩롯Ƥʮš
ҪЩɿƬһ󹤳̣֮⣬ҪˮԼ߹ǳҲɿƬ
˵ߵҪһЩķѵԪҲҪһЩ
ˣѡֿƬ
ˮ߹ǳ涼һɺڰԪѾ°ɣںڵѧϰУ֪ԪҲǷֺöֵģȻиͰԪںڰԪ
ҪƫڰƷȻҪһʱӦһСʱɹĽһˮ
ˮһĸ̿鿨еĹ̶ҲֻҪһſƬܷýȥ
߹ǳʱСʧһΣķԪһ߹ǳҲ˰װĵˣСġ
ڵڶûʧܣɹĽ߹ǳƬ
Ƭˮ߹ǳȻ鿨иĿƬͶӰһһҲǰԼˣȻôҵŹ̶Ƭ
ҲΪ鿨ϡпᣬĹ̶ƬȻô׳ġ
ſƬηõ̶ĿƬֻʣһˣһſƬûһҪռǴ롣
˼ǾֻֻȥĴ;ۼصйֿƬһ²о£²о͵Ȱֻ꣬ҪŬռſƬ
ҪЩƤˣһʱ䣬Ҳֻһš֩롯Ƭ
һֻ24λԪ񱩿Ƭǲ֩룬Ҫķһ룬Ҳ˵һʱֻһſƬ
ƬʱС¥ȴ˼֮͡
ô˿ҶϺĴߣϴҶϺεڶûѹֻϵȴˣҲƽֻ࣬ǲѡ
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ʵһأֻԸЩŹ֣ô˿̵˵ƺ˵ҶϺġ
ʱ洫һڼ𣿡
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һߣļãòҲһһ̷һŮеӢڼƷŮˡԺȻģĲΪŮˡ
ĲԼ鱨ʧȻһ㶼֪ŮˣӦҲܿ죬ȴ̵λСƯ֪ôƺ
ҲǰҶҵˣҶǹڵĴ֮һ棬ӦĲȻʮֵ塣
ݣʲô𣿡û⼸˽ȥȻңǾͲ˽
ҪڣиǼĲãԽŮǸƷĺò޿ޣ֫θ򣬰ô޸
Ȼܵǰ˵Ŀ⣬Щŭʮֵ壺˴ţ
ȻҪ뿪ĲκߵĺˣĵŮ˺òʶ̧٣ֻҲûзǼС㻹ȥͨһɣ˵ǴκģҪ̸һҪ£̸ǻڵģ
ȻҲ֪κۼصһ֣Ҳԥûз˽ȴΪ࣬վˣǾͬһȻһһδ̤С¥̾ͻչ
ڣҲΪʲôɺڵģʱһһ߳ķ䣬¥ݸԼһˮ
ոƿʧܣ˼Ƥ鼫䲻ãƤһžһţȻޱȣһһҹȥ͸һĲһ仰鲻õȻĻػ
ɲ֮٣κ򳤿൱㣬ֱ˵ɣ۽ʲôôǶӱ㣬ֻҪκ򳤡Ĳɫƣ˵ԼͶԷ̸ѾǸܴˣԷҲһ߶ѡ
˭ȥǳõߣ
˵꣬Ӿ϶¥
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Ĳˣûзϣκ򳤲Լ鷳ҲˣԷҲ
ҲˣذɣжѣԷκ򳤵ˣӣⲻ֪ӶԪʽ˵κ򳤣Ҳһȥ
㡭㡭ãܺãǲҪڣĲһһףҧгݵ뿪
ûӲûпźĴͶˣ϶ʩнļƻˡ
ʶ̧٣ȻˣһɵиոŮˣҲҪŪ֣Ĳµ˷Ըջޱȣ뵽ոõģСȡĲĵλȻҲźüŮˣǼк
ķ˿ֽдŴõԪùʽȻеԪ¼У˴죬ŵõһʽ
ʽҪ˺ܶ࣬ҲڼʧܺƵĹʽڵյ֪ʶΪҪͬƬ󲿷ֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼȴ֪ԭ
νһͬĵ֪мΪҪһܣҲŬǿһ㡣
ʱգ۾͹˳Ժ֮⣬ʣµʱ䶼Ƭ
ʱĵɹſƬֻţһȴԪɹġ
ſƬֱſ񱩿ƬŲ֩뿨ƬȻ뵽ᵱУʣµƤȴǲˡ
ҪΪһļûĻѷµʱ䣬ͬҲǵһΡƬٵӡ
Ƭ˵ڱصãƬͿԳΪߣǿʹúƬڵԪҲԭ24ӵ32λ
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Ҫǣ֮󣬿ԻõڶšͿڶͿٷ֮һƬԽͿϡжȺƷʾԽá
֪򸽽ڵһƬ֮һƬٺȻᡣ
᲻Ծߺ;֮䣬Ƭ
ƬںҲȼҪӦĿƬᡣ


ʮ 
ǰһ翪ʼͺ˯һֱ˯賿ʱѹãҲ֮ǰԸõġ
ȻԼΪŮṩסṩʳΪԼһЩҲȻġ
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һȴЦһκ򳤵ͲסӣҲΪ۴ɨƽ֩벿䣬ۼؽһ鷳ߣѾǹǸκ򳤡
ԷȻǲƽ⣬뵽֮ǰýϴͽۻǣ׳ʵܳס͹ˡ
ûʱ£ҪֻһǾǶȡƬ֮
룬Ը͸ȲҪҰ»˵
賿㣬ҹɫŨ·״̬ãȻһǹ˳ȥŴͶȥƺ㡣
ԺͣĴԽҰͶǿѵţϳԺӡ
˿Ժһ䣬Ӱ켣ھۼصУһ˫۾ȴǶʻ
ϱ򳤣˵뿪סˣ
̾ܳȥ档
ۼڵĳԼĹƣҲӣһڽϴģŵ˲û
ոʻûãβŵߣκµĸ֣ɱ顣
ԸһˣȻҪǲЩСˣһӰһѼ⵶Ц˵
Сʻ괬˵ӣϴ󶼿ڻ˵ûҲɣǲ֪СӴҹܳȥʲôһŮԾ˵ΨһŮԣºźڹѸɱĺ
ʲôѰ·ϽѻӻȥҪ˫أһһȵɭ˵
ں棬ʻ˾ۼء
ģҹҲ˰ʲôʻ룬·ƿڴ
˵õ˯Ψһܿ⼢ʱ򣬱˽˺Ȼ鲻ˬ
ʱһҸطֻ¿ӵʱȴڵҹͻȻѤ⡣
ҿʲôĿɿڴͼеɢ䣬ٶȼ˸ԼĪʮĵط˸Զĵط
ֵʱѾˣ̿µķʻȥ֪ЩƬϸǿԪ
˷ܲѣȻûзָûпƵ֪ˣҲ壬սʿʬĴͶɲǰ衣
һ·ɳۣʮӾ͵˿Ƭ׹ص㣬ȻżһЩƬᵽԼǵú
ǰһƬׯڵأƽϣ޴ӣðԪ
ΧѾۼ˲ٿƬϰֻëҰɥʨ壬һЩʬһЩвֵĹ⵱Умͷǡ
һоǿĴڣȻֻһҪһ㣬ٶȼ죬׺ݣ˺ѸۼΣճ̶ȣɥʨ嶼Ȳǡ
еĹﶼ¶˾ɫǼֻǸǷ˵ͺֻ˭û
ΪƬԪϾҪʧڴ֮ǰΪԪֵķ˭ȡߣֻеȵԪʧȡ
ЦһȴôԼߣͬʱķҲ˳ҪҲὫٻΣſƬҪõ֣ЩҰҲҪᣬֻܴɱ䡣
п˿һʵԪֵУ֪ʲôʱԪֲŻʧԪʧ֮ǰҲȡƬ
ԣԼҲֻܺЩһš
ʱҲụ๥ṥǵĿҲƬֳͳôһŹֵĳ
ֱֹռһλãӶȴ
Ƭֿ̣ʣβߡһʼǼܵĽҰ⣬ԷѰ·طɱ˵ĺõط
ǿ֮󣬲ŷûô򵥡
ӳĿɿڴĿǰһĻǺֳ棿ΧٹＯᣬǳεȵ𺳣һʱǾȻ׷ɱ
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ڻ˵ڹѸһСĽֻĶſƬȴҲ޷ˡ
ǿƬ϶ǺöŪ˵Ǹȥ˦һſƬ󻯳һֲĴǴ˦Ĵ־ҪȥȡƬ
޴һԪûʧʱԻܵﶼ֪ЩȴãȻ֪޴ʲô
ʵϴʱ򣬾֪Լ϶Ǳ˸ˣɵϸһ֪Щ˶Ȼ߲ƣܾܿκɳɱ֡
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뵽ЦһκҲ̫СԼˣֻɳ߾ԸԼδ̫档Ȼ¾߶һͬʵ֮ĲҲ֮
ֹͬĶ죬ƬΧԪֺ̱һĪȼ
̼䣬ǴֹĴ־ðȵĻ棬յǿƬ˻ҲˣҪæ𣬵ǻӼ죬һͽֹڣƬ֮ճһŻҽ
ҵĿƬ˱ŭУ͵һƲǵЦȴǴ˵㻹Цھ㣡
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⼸ģƬϵԪɢ
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ֵɲܷ뿪ԲܶԷ˭ҪɱԺǻ鷳ϡ
ķõ̻һɫӰ׷˳ȥ


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С۱̴˵òأٻƣæΧĹԼȻԾһƬͬʱһ½һѾ˹Ĵëɱ
˾Ȼ֪ĿԼһ˺ȡһƬòƬŪ˵
ŴͶԼƵǿʵǿԺɨʣĹȵһֻǱֳѾʬѪ
ȥ֮߻ûߣȻİԼ˵ĵֵѪζĹֻʵֻˣû
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֪˲ģҲûҪʳɱǣңҪԸκ򳤻õˡ
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Ѿһ˿ͷֻоη
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Լ϶Ҫʹһŵģһţķá
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ԼǽٶȵܶԷĽȵҲĶһʬ˾Ҳ޷ıʧܵˡ


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ʬ˱ΪԼʹʳʬ󣬿Ťתֻܾ֣ҪɱǸߣһ鷳ܽ
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ĲѾЩȲˣӼǸŮ˿ʼЩ겻ᣬ޺ӢԼļֱߵ
ϧκ򳤵ǸŮˡ
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ڣһ˲ܵЩˣֻһˣ˺Щƴˡ
ǻҶϺԲѣԼԺ͵ƴҶô죿
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úԥԵҶϺ㵽Ǹ¹еĵҡ
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һɱһԼһ֩벿壬ۿۼֶΣȻͬΪߣǽ۸ҴƱԼµľ߼ӵһ¶Ķ֡
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ѾǶߣͨǿ˺ܶ౶һ۾ͷ˶ߣȴţһ̣ļʿѾǹ


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ߵǹԶʮ߿Ѿǧٿ׵ͶȻɱ˹ȥ
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ͬҲ͹κ򳤣ҪԸκҲѣ˫Ȼ˭κβ˶ԷֻСģĶԿȫ濪ս
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ˣͷϵɫ޷ΣԼʵ϶Իκ򳤣ֻƻϲϱ仯Ȼγɽ֡
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˵Ͱ˵꣬Ҳö˵תȥ
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˵ɱֶܽκֻԮһԽ۵һ򾡡
ˣڻǵĿ괦ôˣôûڻϢκ򳤳һը۵ļƺʲôʵ
򳤣ڻҪɱľϴӵгū͵ǸһǸ֣˺ڻȥݳ뿪ҿǵõʲôŶҪˣ򳤷ģڻļߣڿ϶ѾˣĲЦŴ
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һͳͻȻ˵һ̣ڳеǹһԵڵϣǵĲӱȺ̴֮Ѫ罦
ʲôˣλϵ̴ʧɫλվΪκԼ췴ԺһʱЯЩ˴Ǿߣ˿ǸȡƬеǽ͵
÷ˮˣһͨɫ
ֻһΣʵЩľսӸոյڣǶûпκӰʵЩǵĳܷΧ
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㣿κ򳤼䲻һ۾ϳǵڽǸֻ֣벻ԼǴ˹˶ԷʵԷҲ˵ڻǵİɱʧˡ
뵽ڻǼϢıɵκоЩ࣬Ȼûһ˵Ķ֡
ֵܣ֮ǰκĳϹۣ㣬˵ʲôҾʲôҪʲôҶл˵κǿװ򶨵˵
ֻҪԴúͶԷϻ㶯֣֪Ǿ鷳ˡ
˵꣬ķٻֱӳȥ


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ϰķҪɱһ˼ֱ練ƣЩ˵һֻٻֻͷȮѡ
ͷȮֻһеͨɫѾǶİķӾ˺ǵĺ
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ĿǰԪֻ֧ŰСʱò˵ԪԽͣƷĵԪԽ࣬ˣҲ㹻֧߳ˡ
ԼҲû뵽˳벻κ򳤵ĺ¶һãñԼȫߣڶԷȺףܿͻᱼʱý۴ѹԿԳռ
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ϴĴɱκ򳤣Ҫ֪κ򳤲ĵط˱ǿȥɱ˶Էʲôè壬ôǿѰ·۵һʱеǡ
Ȼɫ֮Ҳһ˿ԥǺܿͱһɼᶨ档
ûϵϴǣͱϴ̲ˣʵֻҪ̲κ򳤵ǾӵԾðҲֵˣԼ鱨ȻҲ֪κ򳤰ۼصĸ֣öԷǾ鷳ˡ
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ʱ䣬۲ȫƹķ棬˿Ҳ뿪ǰٹʨǡ
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ϲǿѾԶԶһҪȨҪԼҲ練ƣȻֿԲ󣬰ս۶˽⣬߶ʵΪעء
ǵǣ뿪ԺʧȥһǿĿɽˡ
˿̣ĳѾͣڳﻹһͰʮͣһԽҰ˵㹻ܳȥٹϵʨӦûκ⡣
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˵ʵҶϺܻȫԼãҶϺĹգͲˡ
£ҶϺȻȬǻԲѣȻܷһ£ΪҶϺڻԵʱڲΧԪɺܵġ
ҪǰʨǣҶСˣҲȥʨңҲȫû⣬ҴȥǵʱǣûǿðķʯֻǲȥôԶĵط
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˿ѾѮ︴գľɫȻʤգûȾƻ˵Ȼ
ΪԪֲﵽǣЩطγһƬɭһ򣬳֮⻹иֹеʱòôֻǰķȥЩ·ĹȻٶҲ첻˶١
Ĺ㣬ҪϵʨǣҪʱ䣬Ϊ·ܱҪƿһЩǿռݵ
ѾǷǳˣûгһ¡
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ЩǶ伫Ϊǵʱ˷죬ʼֺͺ
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ҹɫڲϤҰ·һΪֲ飬Ҵ˿Ѿ˹ľۼ򣬾ڼСʱǰһֻɭ档
ʮ׳ͰҪ֣ʱۿóݵ׵ĽһֻЫβо׽
Ҫ֪ЫβǶеϲڣ¾ǴһȥһܸɵԷ
һɭ棬Ȼ˲ͱ̳ԣɭĴԲΪֲһŴܱ𡣳֮⣬ͨϰٸ˲һˣһ˾ͬһԽһײƬ
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ΪԽ࣬߾Խ࣬Խ࣬ܽǿȹ̵ķ
ɣʨǾǸǿһۼأǰ˼ģʱľҲԳ򣬶ÿһ죬ֶӡ
һ룬һζʱԶҹɫУͻȻһΪ̶ǹ
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ҲǴӵȻҲʮֳԾҰ⣬ҹԼһѻȻ˿ǹ
ֱǻˡ
ȻҲһֿܣ鷳֪ǹҪôΪôǾͻˡ


ʮ Ⱥ
ʱѾԶȻǳϵǹʲôҹУǹĵʮѤ˿ȻҹɫŨеҲͬԲһڲָܿ׷⼸ģȻʮֻǡ
ȻѾһС͵Ⱥˣüͷһ壬ЩʵڲãȺǺ֪ûʲôֶΣԻ
ǰæʮֻȻԶԸҲΣյģο˭Ҳ֪ҹɫУûӿֲʳߡ
ֻԷҲҪǣ˿ڵλһߵأΧо޴ʯԵ壬Ǹѵı
̣˹һǰһԽҰмһаͳԿˡ
һЦԷô⻹⣬ǽԼҲУǻֻҪһѹĵطֵЩǡ
׾ܿͿ˹˸ɲȻӳʮߡ
ʮǷһŮʮᣬҲͨϻһִѧУ԰еһһѧ
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ҲоóƬеʵ廯һѴ󵶣еһѧŮԾ߾Ȼٻһͷܡ
ԼԣǰһĻ
֪ܡһＫΪǿĴˣǺĹؾħһ𣬶ŮԾֻ߲һ￨Ȼһװ
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ҿˣӦҲҴߣֻôһ̫ΣˣһҰҹʦŮüͷܿͲٹעԷֵҲҪţͬѧͬѧǿ϶ֵܵסЩǡ
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Զһɫһ䡣
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Զľ룬߲õҹҲֻнΪߵܿˣһߣҲֻܿģӰӰˡ
ֻػɵֵסͶɱһ˿϶ǵĶ֣Ͷսʿʬ壬ԲŻ͡
ֻսʿʬҲûǿ壬ͶʵͻۿۣҲһֱͷ۵顣
ðķͶӳˡʯǿǵķӺ󣬰һֻͶ
ٶѾΪֲˡ
һߣЩѧҲĸ˺󣬽ʣµļֻǡ
ս㣬Сﶼˣ÷Ӻ־Щҧ˶ӣӶˣһͽСŮȦͨ죬ǸֳȣٻܵŮ˵
ղ˲ͷĺˮ߹ȥ˿ĸͬѧһţֻƿһǾȲ
ΣսˣǶˣǸŪԵɽһ߹˵ոյļս߸һû˵ս飬Ҫǿһѧ
ôǵͬѧˣǻԶǸͽСŮ޺˵
ɽһһЦںĵ첻ˣʲôСֵģǼȻǱôһˣ͵ð֮ǰԼṩһͣǶˣŪԵᣬǣͱˣ
Ů˵ʲôȴǱһͬѧţͶȥһ˵ı飬Ů뵽µĴҲֻܾôˡ
ܿ죬ɽһ˵õѧʳˮԴ
һĻճ̾һҲû˵ʲôȥĶͬͬѧȻԼΪߣʮǿɾȲǡ


ʮ ն
գˣһ·ǻѾˡǱߵ˹һ̵ϬţƤףһѳ֮ϾȻɢһɹۿɼĺ
ʣһǳոձɱǣ˿ڶסˡ
û˵ֻǶȥǸ¶ӵͬѧƺֻܼԷʹࡣ
ʱһʮͻأĴ˹
㣬͸Դһǹô
뱻Щѧ̾ͱһ仰ŭˣüͷһ壬ȴۿһԳϵˣƵ˭Ϊô˵ܿ𣿻һСɱЩˣ
ҲһԳŭĿӡ
˵ȻֻǺһ£ûҽֶΣ˵ѧ˵ɣȻ˻ЩԷһѡ¶˵һɱһεѡ
Щ˼ȻԸ⣬Ҳ˵ȻʮӺ˻ȥǴž޴ʹࡣ
ЩѧȥᣬЩȻЩ̺ɣҲ塣ֻ֪ܿԼ֮ǰĴҪˣΪЩ˾ȻûҪȥ˼ҲҪ¶ޡ
Щ˲ߣҲûӣķʹԶ̳ʬ壬ʱǻǳԱ˵
ʱѧѾ½½ӳʮ˵ӣֻѵѧֻĸ
սӹһѾڵıɣмƬɣſȪˮȥ
ͬһѧͬѧѷʱһ˳һ·Ƕǿ·ռʳڼСۼͣһ⣬ЩСۼضǿĹϮû
һϮоѣһѵĻмͬѧǵʱͬѧ˳
Ϊ೤վԼȻѣӵǿαԼѺͬѧ
ֻǵʵ̫С·˺ܶˣǰɽһߣͬѧǾʡԼùӶ˺һ˳䵱ڡ
ȻȫϻһЩϣǰڵȥǵʳֲ˶á
ôһһɣ̾˿ר־ĳ˶һԣ߹Լıɵݸռ飬ͬѧ¶Ȼɫǳİ໨ƯʵҲǿѾ׷ܾˡ
ллҲҡҡͷΪߺԾʳܵĽԼʳζ׷Ȼ֪ʱῼ顣
ʱһƬߵغȻγС塣
һȻһͬѧʮˣɽһˣ
˵Щֻ·ˣҹ󣬿϶Ǹ߸·˭˭
ʵϴһʼͱע⵽ˡ
Ĳ˵ҵһҰ¶ޣһϿȻͲͨˣֻǾߣҲֻһ˶ѣһѧɽһ˶ûйע
ͬҲЩʲô
˿̹ڳֻܿһѧ߹ݸɺһˮ
ЩĿѧãһʱûӦ
ѧƺЩߣҸģ˵˭ףҲûʲôԵģһɣܱһ
˵꣬ѧ˻ȥ
ŷӦǳﻹԼϣûЯκʳԱ˻ΪԼ
˿Ǳߵһѧ֪յľ֮ǰǸٻܵŮѧ˿̺Ҳ߿һֻۣ¶һЦ
ҲǻһЦݣŮѧĹ۲ǲĵҲϼһ֡úˡ͵ġ
Ĳ˵ΪߣԲЩûоѵͬѧǲ벻һΪġ
뵽ϼΪΣҲ֪ôϼľʣӦûʲô⡣
ʱĺܿ죬ܿ͵˺ҹЩѧҲسϢһЩΧ䡣
ڳĿ񣬾ʱǱɽ߸˹ߵһƫƧĵط֪Ҫʲô
߸ߣأЩЩѧ߸Բʲô
ΪһһҲ͵͵³˲˰ҹȻĵĸȥҪ߸˴ʲô
ھ¶ӪԼĪ׵ĵط߸˶㵽һʯͷ󣬿ʼ̸
磬ѧͷ͸ˣֵǾ͵һ仰ʲôʱ֣һģĺӴ˴ʵ
ǰ磬缸̲סˣҿ˺üŮѧƤʵǹ갡ֻҪһ仰ǾͶ֣ûŮˣҲܿ磡һһаľҲЦ˵
Űҹ񣬶Щ˲ԶȻǵĽ̸
Ȼʲôöаû뵽߸˾ȻǴȺѧ֡
ʱǸɽһЦǿ϶ҪģЩѧа˾Ÿߣ֮ǰЩɵ⼸þֻʣĸֵ߸ԸӦûκˡ˵ǣϴҲЩͲסˣһ˯˾Ͷ֣ǸŮңֵ⣡
ˣǸ˯ڳϵļһô죿һ˾͸ܳҿҲһƲһܳµĻһʲôæ˵
¸ƨһһǼһɵˣЩֶΣһǹţں˵
˵ǣֻǸһﵹù⼸һҲǣæ
ˣһ㣬˶ɱŮ֮ȥͷʲôҪΣʵܾ˵Ц˵ǲһ¡
˵ûʵܾ˵ֻϧǲʵˣ
ʱһʮͻȻĴһ𣬺˴ʧɫûӦ͸оǰһĸµͷֱӷ
˸㱻޴Ӱ˵ֻһֲ˺ҧǳû˶
Ƭ֮䣬˵лŵľֻʣºһˡ
˿̺ҶΪ֪ʲôʱѾſһһֻΪצӿĺϡ
ʣſϵʲôԷֻҪһ˺ܾͻᱻ
һˣһˣ֪ԼԲκζҲܷˡ
ҹɫУֵĿһƾճ֣˾Ȼ֮ǰҪɵǸˡ
磬ġ֪ոյĻˣ˵ǿֱ־£ֻ˵꣬͸оһǳ뵽ڰС
ɱ˵ȻЩ˵ļƻ֮󣬾̾Ϊǿ
߸˶Ǿߣ׼ãʩչƬԼҪԸ϶£ǣֻΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳
ͻɱ֣ҴͰķڸֻҪԪӦܸ̾ϻһϮɱ
Чӹɣʮӵʱ䣬߸ȫС


ʮ β
ŵϵʬ壬ԼʲôЩ˼ȻԼ֣ǾͲȺѧĸоʱˣɲ͵ǼӰһѡ
ӺصԼĳһһؾȻûκ˷˵ǰѧҲʵûʲô飬һ˵ϵ˺˶֪
Ͷߣðķʯŷĵ˯ȥ
峿վˡ
һ·ϣ˵û˯һȾ˵Ҳ֣ȴ˯ĸã֮Ҳþͷʮ㡣
ʶΧȥȴһ㶡
Ȼֺ˾Ȼ֪٣ﳵⶼûӰѰҡֻôҵõҰʵʬ类ָĹ̳ˡ
ˣɱ߸ߣΪ˳ǣŪſƬǰ˾ȻҲпģ󿨲ȻҲ޷ΡһߣҪĿƬȻڿᵱУһֻҵû뵽еĵԪ
ЩеԪ˵Ѿ˶Ԫˡ
ûҵˣֻڼⷢ˴ѪһѧΪ֣ԭǹľߣôһҹ֮ʧأ
ֻ˼Ťͷ˿ڳ
һСʱѧѡ˿ʱҲˣʰ׼·
˿̣ͶڳҲЩѧ֣ʱǲ֪Ұ¶޵˾Ȼһӵǿū͵ġ֡
ֺˡ֮һͬѧ̿һ顣ڵʵ̫΢ǿһЩĹǼ߿û£˰ٷ֮ٻǰǰڵʱǻܰæֵЩˣԳ˴©
ǸˣūͿȥʮеǳˣ˵ʵȺǻأһ۾ѧ
ѧһ룬ҲԣǸܵڹеҰ棬϶й֮ټūʵʮǿ׳ܸ˺ǿİȫС
Ϊ೤ߣȻӵоȨһһ·ϸʦʵʦأ
ʦʮ겻ʮͣǷ̴棬Ȼûоѣһ·Ǹı߸ѧĽɫ˿룬ҲǵͷգʱҲûбѡ񣬻Ǻ͹ӶǵķǸͬͬɣҿûЯʳӦûͬ⡣
ãҾͺȥɣȻһÿǲб£յ˵ͷ˹ȥ
գҺһȥμæҲȥ
ҵʱ򣬺׼뿪յҪû˿Ǿ;ܾˡ
ջζһ㶣û뵽˻ش˸ɴࡣ
ǸǿԸ㹻ʳΪԷǶԱ겻⣬æ
ҡҡͷûȤûб£ˣ
ЦҹѾѾЩѧһΣ˵ҲȱʳɲԼôһ
Ұ⣬ԽԽΣա
ôҲǿûʳԲźͬУ˼գԸҲûҪҿҲûʲô£һԵЩˬ˵ǰһʲô˵ı£ԷΨһ̵ֵľū˰ɣ
УūҲûʲô˲
üͷһ壬εԸ嶯˵˻һЩɣʱʵǲӦô˵Է˼Ǻǿǵòʧ
ⲻ֪СƨһЦȻϳŷ˳ӣȰһ䣬Ҫó㣬ԺͲҪô׵űˣ
ôһζĻֱӼݳȥ
񾭲ΪԼжô˲𣡡ںһ䣬ⲻ֪ѾʮᷳΪܳһ㣬ûûôأǳΪߺ󣬸Դ˺ܶ࣬ȻǸµĻԻл
ѵָǣձѩһ·Ҳ˺һƺʲôı˵ģ͹ＤսʱЩȻҲΪʲôĶͬѧ
ǰûϸζһ£Ҳð亹
뵽һǰҲܵһЩϮΪ׽ͬѧͬѧʱһߺͺһģʱ;Σ룬ĪǺЩ˸Ĺ
ЩԽԽ࣬ռæȥʦ⼸ͬѧ˳
գЩˣֻûȷ֤Ҳ˵ʲô˵ǹӶЩˣǾΪʳҲӦʲôۣô˵ҲúЩĻ죬˵ǹŹǵʵʦʮĥ˼ȻǱѧҪϸ˵ԼĹ۵㡣
յ˵ͷ뻹ǵҲôãֻΪʲôͻȻʧˣڲԶѪûʬ壬ǵĳͳҲڣ룬ǲ뿪ܿѾ
û˵꣬˶֪˼ʲôǾǺǺܿѾˡ
ȻȥЩ˼顣
Ȳ˵߸ߵʵ˵Ǿʮ׵ĵطϢôܻڱ˺֪±ɱˣʬ壬ǲܰ쵽¡
ǲ֪ǸĻ죬ԼܵıȻһ˵ġ
գ˵ǱɱˣⲻܰɣǵʵҾ㲻УҲһ춼ǹɱġ˵˭µ֣ɲҪǸղǸһεһɣֻһεɵоݡ
ĻɹҲòܣͬ˵߸˾㲻Уǽһܸİɣ˵ܻ
ⲻ⣬ֻĸ˾ѣΣոмܣҲ֪ȥʲôط̾˿˵
ǸǸߣôһŮѧͻȻ˵
۾һҲһ취Էܵ϶ϤΧĻŶԷһΪܵӻٿҵһۼء
ܿ죬˶˳·뿪ķʻȥ
һ·׷ȥֻĻܿǰӰӣǺܿͷ֣·ʱʱһЩʬ壬ʬΧѪʣԸãܿǰǸ˸ɵġ
ǣһ·ʬһֱڣǾȻûκΣա
һ±˵գҲòԾˣһ·ϴССҪôһ·϶û


ʮ ٷ˲õ
Ȼ֪ΪǸĳߣ·ϼйҲ类аķˡ
ڱһѧţҲ֪Ϊߣ˸ŶҲҿ鶹ײȥˡ
˿һĵط¶ޣȻŤͷ˿¶ԶһѧûдӦЩѧһ·ôͶ·вĹɱҲǼ˰һѧһСæ
ȻҲֻһ㣬ǽû̫ǿĹ֮ǰɭֲֿĴڣҲЩѧ
Լĵͼʨǻһ·ֻ̣ϣһ˳
һ˶ɹǰǰѧں棬ʱٳٶ۵Ҳ֪ǼӵΪѧṩ˱ʱûʲô﹥УҲǰˡ
аͳϣһŮ૵ҿǸҲһӲˣһˣ
ǰǰº˲ң˻ūͣ࣬ҿǷգĪôһɣһԵͬѧȤ
ûҲû˳ѾûԭĽţָֻ˴ֵӡ
˿϶㣬ֻǼղܷ˵ģ˵ǰɣһŮʼǰգһ죬ֻһЦȻֻһЦ
ȴ֪Դ׵һ૵Ҳĳôã˵ĹͽǵԼˣ
аͳϵȻӰ첻ǰҲǺܺãΪ˳ͿԵʨǡ
һĵط¶ޣǰѧƺ֪ӲˣȻѡʮ׵ĵط¶ޣˣǰѧʱ䣬˼ѧһЩʳ
ȻһЩʮּ򵥵ĶЩѧԸֱ֪ж֪ӱǣԲʳ
ͶģǽСߵŮЩҲյȫաȻζҲһե˺ͱɡ
ǼŮ˶һЦ˻ȥ
һҹ޻ڶ죬·Щѧں棬ѡĵ·ǿܿһЩǿĹķѲ߱Ұô⡣
ˣ⵽˼ֻϡĹ
ϣΪĹ֮һӵмΪǿսȻһϡ֣ǵȴǲССţһ󣬿ȥһŴ˺ܶ౶ϡ
˵ʵԸȺҲȺսڷԼȻ·˱ϵأѡתûɱ׷Ǽֻϡ֪ϵĳѨڸΪɱЩ϶ı׷ǾһΪֲ顣
ľҲӾ˺ŵյһѧ·̣СĽûгʲô©֮ĹԽԽСܿѾӽʨǷΧΪۼΧĹﱾͲ࣬ҵȼҲߡ
ʱڷ˼·Եľߡ
Щӵиɾ·Ƥ׺һ;ۼءֻڴ;ۼΧŻ֡ˡһľɱͼ
ЩߣЩҲ
Ƥǰ濪ȥһ֪̾⳵ʨǵģΪʨǵضġաţոտȥĳûС
˵ԷӦǴطոʨǵġ
Ƥ磬ˣҪҪ׷ȥһЩôһԺƤʱæʵ
ʨΧƤҲЩţľСʵƽҲЩ·١ĹȻֻԸʨǵ֡
Ƥ׼ͷʱ·ֿһ£ǺƤǼСֱܵˡ
ǷŲŮѧˮģºƤ˿ĭֵܷƣߣ׷ȥ
ܿ죬±ϳһųȥ
ǵĳǾʨһЩװģٶҲ죬Ӿ׷ȥǰĳ
ȻûµһǿһҲûʲôˮ
Ҫ·ѾϳʨǸһʨǴ࣬Ȼ൱ϤΧĻ
ʮܴﵽʨΧһʨǵʱ䣬һ˺ü¡
ۼزͬϤʨǣҲһļ䡣һֻʨһΪСһԼΪʨǵһ档
ʱеİķ˽ȴһ㣬ͷһŷǰѧȻûи

û뵽·ٵ£û뵽Է˾Ȼ˵һͽδڵء
Щ˲ûֻ֣ˣҲʮֳԾˣۼսǵǿһȻ׾ͱ򵹣
ЩŮ¶˾ֵɫƤоʮˬ죬ƺǰչ¶õĳƵģһЦǶǵһʨǰɣչأ˿ҪǷѵģ࣬ʮöңֻǶʮԪȻǽҲ⳥ҺƤŮˣұ֤ǳ
ƤĸͬʱѾȫΧȻҲЩѧҲоߡԸߣõľûмƬ֮ǰͶ֣һֻҪо˶֪
ʣƤ˵ľѧҪǿˣ߼ǿĿƬҲȡΪڶǹָء
ûҵĻ𣿽Ǿ͵ųΪŮūɣҪ֪ʨǣϸƤŮ˿вҪأƤ˷ܵЦһԿ϶ƾԼʵ϶˵Ķ֣ҪƬҲ
ʱߴӰͻȻ˹һӿס˺Ƥڵ⵱УȻһûӦ
ʲôʱʨǵǷǵ˶ʮԪŮūҲˣǸ˭ģ𣿾ˣҲԲ˶ߣҲѧ˼·ٵٷˣʵǿЦ
һ˻ͷһȻһ˴ݵ˹
ƤڸҶΪʱſոճӰȻֻˣһǼĳսʿģƤ֪˵ȷֻҪԼʲô춯˻ԥɵԼԼȡʩչƬĻᶼûС
ϵƤףӲֻ0.5޷˵ĹǴ̡
ҺƤ˵ģƺʶ塣
֪塯Ų˭ҽеģֻܽ磬ʨΧһмԼСǵġ
ֱ֣һӵūͣȻһˣһʶ磬ֻҪһ仰ܽԼ˶ˡ
ߵˣƤѾ⣬˵Էʶ壬˵СǻһĵЦ磬磬ᣬȫᣬҲ֪ЩŮˣ


ʮһ ʨ
˹֪δǰ£˵
ûλǹƤоĳѾĲϣ
ĸ»࿴һۣæϳӿߣһֱôͶſƤ
һС£ûҪɱˣ˵ҲʶȤʨֿ·ٺɱľСӶȥˣҲΪٸ
Ҳɣڰ֣Ƥתһ֮ززƤʮֻ飬óֻ˼Ϊǿ󣬼˷ͻҲԲǶ֡
û뵽һΣȻͽˡ
лл㣡ղô̸лȴǷģлԷһεĽΧҲΪһ·ǵչˡ
һ˭ε˺Ҳʮġ
˼ٳԵģ͵ҵĻرɣʮͿԴﵽʨǣǸľۼأǾŰɣ˰֣кֱϳ뿪һΣûٵЩѧ
һֱĳյ˲ŷӦǶ֪˽ʲô
ȰηǸ˿϶ƭǣǰ϶оۼأǽҪŽᣬʱֻܿԼշ·һӳɳܶ࣬ȴöһ¶ߵĳ˵
ȵ˳ʮҵ·̣Ȼ·˶·أֲźܶԶȻһɽľ޴ۼء
ΧЩ飬һۿߣΧ˿ľͷΧǵդǰԿѾ޽һΧǽ
ǿ޽õΧǽߴʮϣҲױһַǳǿİȫС
յȻǼΪ˷ܣʵϣǵһʨǵҴߣᱻһĻ𾪣ȹĩգȻֹģľۼأʵǲ˼顣
ʨǣԭеһɽǽģʮ򼫴ڳǺ֮֡
ȻԽľԽȫҲеλݵ˲ס
󲿷ˣڳǺǡ
ʨѾһˣи̵꣬кܶطռĹҵ豸ܹԸܶƷԱǵ֮Ҫǿöࡣ
ڵʨǵ˿Ѿһٶӣÿ춼ӡ
ʨǣǷǳϤģʱҪǼǣ߻ᱻڳǣûоѵֻͨǻ
ȻǴĳ˵ۼΧӪ࣬Ҫ߹ģ
ᳵ·ĵǼɺ󣬻һɫʨͷ£ǴǾߵݡҪ¾ҵһŵĵطҲһס
ͣһǵĿյأôڳԼȥ
ţдͶڣҲû˭ҴԼ⡣ʨǵľ߷ǳ࣬ӵū͵ĸͶȻ䣬Ҳ̫ע⣬ڰķϡеΪ˲˵⣬鿨ᵱС
ʨȻûãסѾ൱ˣ룬Ȩߺ͸߲סĵطڳǣҪŪһסҲǼΪףŵһס
˿·ϣԿк̯ܶλг۸ֵǹе̯Ҳг۸ʻʳ̯ȻʨǿɹʳõͶˣ⡢Ұ⡢ţ⣬۸ҲߵͲȡͨĻҰƽԪȻһЩƬҲ֧õĻǽҡ
ʨԼĽҲרŶһҵġСʮߵһڣԼ֮ǰ޵ļһһӽңʮöȻҪ۳һЩѵġ
ʮöʵѾһʲСǮˣٹһʹá
ճУһȥʮĺ˹
ǿľҪʲôʳŮˣҪʲôʲôʮĺΪ棬ͳΪƤͣȻźϵ·ӪģԷṩķ϶ҲòĶȥ
ȻǿԼҴŴݵʨͷ²Ż
ʨײ֪Щ˵ļܶʱЩڸǵĸͣΪһûоߵļֻͥܿȡʡ
ɱЩ̣ʵҲ淨
ǰк˵ͷҪһסܰһ𣿡
İɾкһ⣬Щǵ¶һЦݣȻƣһǰ
ⷿλúƫƧһӵǲźܶӻһСԺ䷿ӣһЩľƲģȻȥôû⡣
кߵСԺǰƤš
ܿ죬ʹһŮ˵
С棬𣿡
裬쿪ţˣкȻʮ˷ܣܿõƤžͱ򿪣߳һȥʮŮˡ
ͷҲûô໯ױƷΣŮ˿ȥģ˵ٽŮˡ
Ů˿ԼҶ۾һȴǼæӭ˽ȥ
֪˼һŮ˶ҲƤ⡣Ůֻ֪ⷿӵģҲǱ֮ǰҪһЩ
ǸҺСס䣬һţ治иɾı죬һֻҪһöҾͿԣįˣҲʱ㣡Ů˴ֵʵЩģһҪһöѾǺܹˣ˺Ǹ
Ī˵ͲһҲˣҲŮˣȴȡöң˶Ůˣˣʡˣ£һöҰŪһЩµĴþߣ
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춼ڸ·ȻЩƣҪȺú˯һ뵽Լĳʹ棬ֻܳȥͣ˸Ȼôڳ￴ųʨǵ˿ţһʮӾͻᱻ͵ߡ
һУŵԼµķ䣬˿̣СѾֽĽĴ̺ã˿ʣԪ˼Ԫ֮󣬱ǵͷ˯¡
ȵѾǵڶˡ
ǸŮѾ׼һЩʳΪķһֻʳЩ򵥣ֻм·һĶһЩɣһϡˮ
Ů˺С涼ûгԣȻڵ
߳һ֪һ㶫һ˶׳Ա˵ˣԼζ
ǳ԰ɣҪȥһˣ˵ֱ˳ȥ˳Ӵ󷱻ʨ¶ЦݣȻʨǣԼչȭŵʱ


ʮ ߹
ʨǣΪǿȻǹίԱᣬ˵һЩٺ;о߲㵣ΣֻĹʹƣίԱҲû˾ɣΪ棬ǴĸĸӦ硣
Ȼι߾ͳ˵֮߹ҲӦ˶
ƾõĴݵʨͷ£˳ĽڳǡڳǺǼֱ磬ĵ·ïܵľֵҲɾ࣬⿴һֻھĴ
ϸūȥȥŸֱľߣֻӲקصֲ硣
ԽЩľ˵ŵĴҲͲôˡ
ǰĲ¥ߣΪΰĽڴϹһӣдš߹ᡯ֣ڴֵ棬һſƬصɵĽ־߹ᡣ
ƬȻ˾ߵıʶ
ʨǣ߹ٲȻǽڹίԱĵڶ֯
֪ʨǵľ߹ȫǵľߣܴﵽʮ֮һǿܴܲӾ߹鵽ϼϢҪԼھ߹ġ׶ȡԻúܶԵõܶ鱨ԹϡеĲϣ󼰵ĵλֻǾ߹ṱ׶ȴôıɽһǡ
ʱ仹磬߹вûжˣߵ̨˰ϰŵ塣
ʲô԰ﵽ𣿡߹иӴߵĶǧѡŮԣʨҲһݼΪĹԺܶûоѵŮԸ﹤
ͬǰΪְҵԵЦݣϸǰҪѵ
ŮӴǰ棬һ̨ԡУĵͿƬںһ𣬽MP3ƽԣȴųľԵĳⲻ󣬶ʵڵĳ
ҼߵϢֱ˵ıԼ⣬ʨǵԭ֮һϼһһʨǵдƴʨǵӰΧٹоۼأҵ˵ĿԺܴ
⣬ϼǾߣʨǣ϶ԴӾ߹ݿҵӦϢ
ŮӴЦݣ¶׼İ˿ݵãҪѯߵϢҪCȨޣѯľȨ޳Ȩޣ޷ѯ漰⣡
һţԼôˣѯϢҲҪȨ޼ģһھ߹Ȩ޼CڣͼȨ޶ûС
ֻԺ˵ˣаһʨǱˣ˿ڸǰƣҪˣڴ롣
ôܹʲôƷ𣿡ֻһ⣬ŮдڵϵȡƷбЩǾ߹ֻԾ߳۵Ʒ
ЩƷ༫࣬ᣬƣֲϣֻ߹ոճûãɹѡĶ࣬Ҽ۸ףҪһȨ޼ſԡ
ԵĿһۣûʲôöֵȡ
߹кܶ˲ţ漰Ԫ죬Ƭ죬ȻҪָԭϣȻȻǻᷢһЩЩϵĸ߽ºϽƷܵһı͹׶ȡ
˹׶ȣȨ޼
һ׹ʮϤܿȻȡԼʨͷµȥһţΪѾѾǼǹϵͳѾϢ
ȡŮӴ̲ס¶˾㵵ı飬ȻǾߣҲ֪ףʣǰľµĶѶȵ
ɱֿз͡ʳƤ񷢲ҲһʱˣûһɹȻѶ̫
ֻΪһŮӴԱǺְҵģȴǺܿͻָ΢ЦѾ¼ϣ72СʱڣʱϽƷ
ȡ£ֱ˳ȥ
˷ˣһɵģϴ˵о߽ʳƤ񣬽ûɣ˺üˡԱһŮӴʱչС˵
Щ²Ǹ۵ģ˭֪Щ߱ЩɽЩǧǸŮӴæ˵
˵֡ľÿ춼ʵڲʲô¡
СʱѾų뿪ʨǣǰʮġ
ԭֲΪѷ֮˺ֲܶˮֲ˵˼ǳͿֲ֮
˰Сʱǵͣ³Źĺ浭һЦ
֮ѡһΪ׶ȣҪǿĻ׺պƿԴһֻ׺ҪֹϵĲϡ
ȻҲ֪ԼѡѶȺܸߣֻȴб޷ƣǾӵһļ䡣
Ǹֿзʳ棬мΪǿĹǼΪƻ˵ֿзף¶棬ˮʵǿҲۿۣпˮζū͡
ҪɱֿзŪһںϱֿз䴩˴ףȫˮι㡣
ֿзʹ󣬸ͬһļ׿Ƿǹеֹǰһ裬һԴǯ׼жֵĸֽȻĹһںʨǾ̸֮ɫĴڡ
ֿзȴǷǳõĶϣӲȸǴﵽ˾˵2㣬ѾͨҪӲᣬ˼ֵƣ߹ԸΪ֮ʮöҺ50׵ıꡣ
Ҫɱ󲿷ʱ䶼Ǳں׵ĸֿзԲһ׵£պã֪İ취
ԱһʪСʪأˮܲкܶ¶̶Щ̶УһܵԪӰ򾣬Ǹֿзϲʳ
鱨ʵϺܿͻ˷֣£Լǵһ֪ɵģֿܽз½ٶԸ˵ԷֻһʵģǶдͰķڣҪɵԷҲ
ܿ죬̶ڳ˼ֳ򾣬ò˵ЩҲüΪʴһ˿϶ᱻһĵĶһΪҰ⼢ͣһЩ򾿾ԣʵǲʲô
նһ֦ȳ߶೤ֱ۴ϸı˨棬˦С
ǵȴڸֿз˵ѵõζ϶Ϲֻʱˡ
ֿзҲʮֽƻĹΣգ϶֣Դ˿ҲôͶǲڼˮС
ʮӣ氲ûκβ
ʮӣˣ˿֦һ˰źһ£ͬ
ʮӡ
ڳһ㲨Ƥ΢΢һȴ֦򰶱߳ͬʱðһȻ


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Զڽӽϵ˿һĻ¶˾㵵ɫ
ӳ쿴Ǹֿзһʧ˵
ʨǵľû˲ֿ֪зֹģɱָǲٵùֿзϵеİ
ûʶͨĸֿзô𣿶һСγһСˣǸֿзǶڻûĸܵɱֿзǱ߾ȻˣСӶӳĿĺãһ۾ͿԶ
ܿ죬Ϳ˶ߣЩ˼ҲǾߣȻа취ճֿзϧֽ׶ʨǴ󲿷ֶһߣҪԸЩѶȣοֻһˡǶ˵ȴһ£׼Ǹ˶Ըֿзȵֿзɱ˶Էֹ̳ƾӥСӵʵӦÿԳԵֿз
Ҳʶһ㣬һĦȭơ
ԼճĸֿзҲʶ⾹ȻǸֿзеߣѾԼһСˣٶǶ
Ҳ壬ֿзãʱܵõĽ
£ôԾγɰΧ֮ơ
ǰֿз׿ǺؼӲͬһ㣬һֿԵֵһеĸоֿ֪з׿ǵӲȾԳ2㣬ǲ֪Լܲܶͷ˺ˡ
㲻ܣҲ壬ֿзȻһ᲻ɴݵзǣǼ׿Ǻͼ׿ĵطԼά֯ȻҲ϶޷ֵķ
Ҫɱһ£Ψһĵľǲӻˮ
Ͷڵõʱȥ͸ֿзսһͬʱ͵͵ȡһš֩롯ƬȻٻ̥С֩ųȥ
ֿз̹ͬһӵмΪǿķǿ׿ǵӲͷ£ֻǳǳһۼ
ͬΪ;޴أԸֿзٶȲ죬ˣٶȼ½ϣֿзֻǱ򡣷󲿷ֹ䵽ֿз׿ӴֻƬ̾ˣ˺ܶɫѪ
ֿзʹ˻бǴӻغУʱͲĲ֩˿ֿзȶһ
˿ֻסֿзƬ̣Ƭ̱㹻ˡ
÷ܿڸֿззȵĹؽڴݺݴȥж񾭣һֿз޷ƶִֻС
Ӻ󣬴߸Ծ𣬽Ǵ̺ݺݴ˸ֿзͷ׿ǵӴλǸֿзҪߵ
㶨æǰȥķһֱգȻ֪ԶѾڿ̽û˿ԥǰѾȥĸֿзƬ
Ǿߵƣ˾޴Ҫһ˻ȥȻܣƬɾʡʱİ취
߹ѾнֲϿƬԪ÷ȻǲϣǾǴͬС죬Ʒһ
ӳǸ˾Ȼɱ˸ֿзֻһˣҪҪԶľ궯ѣ˭ֿ֪зֵƣһȥ϶ԻȡĹ׵㡣
Ȼ뷨˲ֻСӵĶӳȴһǳС֮ˣܵһճֿзѾǷǳˣ˵˻ɱ
˿ҡҡͷǼסĹǿʳܳԵ¶ԷȻǿԽֿз˭ܱ֤ԸɵǸߣӵǿĳūͣʵǿˣǽύǽνѶһ·̫ſʱôĶ֪ס𣿡
¶ͷ˱ǰ˹ȥ
˲𣬾Ȼɱֿзһǵһμĸ֣ҽжƷɣӥСӵĶӳʮĺӳЦ
ȻƷɵҪύ
Щ˵˼ҲµóԷȻĽύҲףȴǵһЦ
ԭֵܣǺ֣ҲüˣǶûֿзֵָ֪ܲһƷЦ˵
һ㶣ƷɵԶһ˼Լɱֿз˼ԷûУôոֿзķӡȷֵǮĵط֪ôոֿзôͿԴɱ
һ㣬϶˵ֻûǴٹʱ䣬ñոֿзϢͻ©ȥʱ˭֪ˣЩˡ
ȻҲװֺ¡
Ԫټʮöң˵
Ʒɵһ㶣˵ʨӴ󿪿ڣֻһϢ͸ҽгôļǮֻô֪⻹Ҫˡ
ȻܿҸϢͻɣ»Ƕһݣ֪Ҳ϶࣬ӥСܳûɱֻֿзԲֹпܡ
ǶƷҲûмʶ֮ˣϸһͨеĹؼҧҧãֵܸ֮ոֿзܣôҾ͸ԪʮöңҲǽ˸ѣ
ܿ죬ƷɾʹռŵԪȻͬһʮöĽ͵
⼸ȱԪأǵ鿨ɽȥ㽫ոֿзС˵˳
ԭˣȻô򵥣֮ǰôû뵽أƷɵ̸пѣ˭뵽Щĵı򾾹ȻǸֿзϲʳҲǣڴ֮ǰǶͨˣֲѧңûоڹ۲죬ôܷܡ
ɣ뿪ǶƷֵܣ֪㻹ûܣУӥСһˣǮԺ˵
˵ʵвһľ飬ŵڣǶǼֵǵ鱨Щɲ͸¶
ʱûˣ˵˵ֱ꣬˳ŴݳȥͷϰķȻһͬߡ
˾һ֣ĿɲͨĻɫˣȥڱ򾣬˵ģǿ׬ˣ߹ҪĸֿзأƷɿ뿪̰¿ʼɻ
˿ѾʳûʻȥһƬСʱϵĳ̣ȵϵѾʱ֡
һƬǰһʤأԷ羰ƣӵһƬǧ꣬ѷΪ׹ĸԪӰ֮£ѾΪ˷ǳΣյ
ΣյԭΪοͶֳĶΪԪӰѾΪѪĹ˵֮ǰһƬлмҾƵũԼٹԱѷ֮ȴǹûһӳ


ʮ ߺ
һҲֻһƬΧ˵ֻһЩǿľСӲŻ뵽ɼˣҲ档
ΣգأһƬֵĴʡ
ֵͬżҪͺܶˣѾвʨŵľǰԡ
ѷڣѾ˾֡;һĲ֪룬ڣͨ˻ӵǿľߣӦ档
ΪԪѾֻǵвͬҲʼΪ
Ƭ;ʱ໥ײںϺͷչµĹѾʼԪÿƬʼѧϰֿƬøֹǿĻ׺Դ
ʵʨǵĽ־ಽһոµʱ
һ·ϣüԵľСӣǶȺŸװĳϴŸֹƤƵƤףѹӵǹеͳ̸ִͬ͵Ļ塣
棬ȴ΢΢ԼϤ硣
ֺܴҲֽܶ࣬׶ʨǵľ߻̽һ·ڸȫʱѾݼҵһڡ
ҪطƫƧһЩ˵Ҫȫܶࡣǧ˵󲻴󣬵ҲͬһͳаСˣټľïգ֮Ϥ·ٷ֮ٻ·ٴĳǿأĻڣ
ȴǲЩ⣬غ֮󣬱кķŴͶһ֡
ľʣ֦Ҷ죬ڶϸˮ졣
˭뵽һƬͬԭʼɭֵĵط֮ǰֻһͨ
Ԫı仯ʵ̫ˣֲܶﶼ˱죬ԭʼɭ֣ѷֻũܣʱ϶ӿֲɡ
˿̣ǰ濪·ùǴһЩ֦ҶںϺʮָߴʺϵֹ
ڰķûȴΪУҲвٷݣ˵жķйһķиʲôʧɵ
ڵİķٲȻһɱﵣٶȿ죬ǿ߱ʯԺĳɳռ仹кܴ
һƬֵУԼһҲֻּ֪̽ΪһЩ򣬶һεĿ꣬ʳЩû
˵һϢʳʵֻһƬ΢Ĺ֮һǿĹȱȽǡ
Ȼ֪һС·ҲҪСĲߴһ·ΪСġ
ʱǰĴͻȻһͺһ̣ҲоΣաͼǰһɺȻܳһϸ̰ͷߣֵ߳˲䣬ſҧǰĴ
֪ߣ߹ȻһʵһеĶˣҲǶ֡ȴﵽʮףƬӲ彫һʳһѷ³ɱС
˲䣬͸Ͷ´ֻ̰ͷߵٶȼ죬ֱۻס壬ͱһҧס˼ͬʱ߿ٽ
һ֪ԴʵҲܲס̰ͷߵĽɱ
ϵİķ̻һɫ磬һѾץϹ̰ͷߵһֻ۾
ҲǼæǰȻ̰ͷߵͷʮһƬƬݺݵĴȥ
̰ͷߵƤѾƤˣֻڷӲȺͷҲԵֵ
˲û룬̰ͷ߸ͷ˹˫ֽͷסȻֹ߹¶
ֶԼһ³ʮ׷Χ֪ľߣԻʧء
̰ͷ˰죬ִ˼ڽһɱ߹ֵ⡢ƤߵϺüǮ
ߵ̺ǿԪ߿ֱʳãǿʣ߿ԡ
һͳԹֻⶫֻеһγЧãȻˣ϶Źܿ죬ʮ÷߹ֵ壬ֽȥߵժ
ߣԪĸӦҲǿ˺ܶࡣ˿̣մѪߵȻߵԽߵԽֻҪȫȥֻҪߵеһɫɡ
̰ͷߵеľһһЩ˵ͬѰСĻԪܾܿǴ˵оֵġڵȻ˵ʵ̫ţɷϵǣ֮󣬿ĿԶصĿҲ
ٿߵȻɫȳߵͬȴɢһ㣬С
˲䣬һɹɹŹֵʹθɢһǾ˺ܶ࣬еһЩӰ
ʣµߵǸ˰ķӲͣһҲζܿͳ˸⡣
Ա˰ɣ·İķԴǰ
˶ʮӣǰһ̷·һĴ۾һ
ߣҪľҪҵʵĲһҪҵģ֪Ƭ̣ͿԵʳ
ʣۼΣճ̶ȣʳҪڸֿз֮ϣ˵ףֿзȻӵǿĿԱ̹װ׵ķǣǲʳѪͣʳǿֲǿĴʡ
Ͷʮ׿⣬Լߵǰ棬͸Ҷķ϶ǰſһʯϵʳ档
ǵ֮ĶٶȺԶֿз׵צӿ˺ʯ¶ļһ־˵ĺ⣬һƬƬۼȻȲϸֿзļӲʺףֵǸֿзǵ屶ϡ
Χʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣ˸ֶĺǣв˹ǣ֪˼㣬ɢһָͶζ
ҪɱһֻԲһ׵£һҪϵһߣһҪǿū־ǿ󹥻ķܽɱ
ֻߣӵоԪĴھӵӵҪ࣬γǿĵĻҲԽɱʳƤǧٿףʵüֵҲۿۡ
͸ֿзһǣԸʳ漸ûнݾΨһ֪ľʳҪڡ
ʳƤӲȺܸߣʮ㣬ڷɿԴıƤ
˿УŷͶ򿿽ķһӦ
ոտ̾ͱһֻʳ淢ˡ
Ȼʯһ˫۾ŵصˣצʯһץӲʯϾ˼ĺۼ·Ƕһ㡣
ȳȥ֪ȻֻǿޱȣʳĶ֣Ǽӳ˻ʯҲУһСȫû´ͶıȻ᲻ʲôʧһνԼ


ʮ 
һʱ̫Ƭս㣬һһʧȥƬֻǿƬʹ֮󣬾ͻ
еľʧȥūֻû˷Ƭ󣬸Ͳ֪սȻ˻ɱҲǱȱȽǡ
صޣһǳעǿʼԼĽɱߴǿǳɹۣսõҲܷӳΪֲս
һûٻ֩룬֩˿޷ʳκ谭Ҳ˷Ԫ
˿ŷǳĶܺ͹ʳĹʽҲ֪һдǣƣӦࡣ
￴һĻȻἫΪԾֽս󲿷־߶
ĿǰĽսҪʳ˺ҲףʳצӣǺϽԪף氤һҲ顣
ҵһյȻϴһһ̳ոմʳıƤһת㿪ͬʱצӴһ˺ѿץ˹
ѣֻܺࡣ
ȴ֪ոһѾʳ˼ΣУвȻǳ׷ʹֻƬ̣ͱѹסˣֻܲϺ˺Ͷܣһʱ
ǶߣٶҲʳĶ̶֣̼ӵսȴǳ
ӭ˺ҧüŵٶյĶ͵͵һֱ̣Ӳ뵽ʳ°͵С
֪һᣬ˫ץŵעȫȻһ
һ£ʳƤпֱʺһȳѪҺȻӿһͷһ
˺Ѿˣ֪ʳ治˲ԵһʱðķԼͷһʯ
һʯ֮ʳβҲ˹
޿ɱܣֱӱɳȥʮԶȻײһŸĴͣ
ٿʳͲӵ˿ڴӿѪΧĿݹ֮ϣһ˫۾ֻ˼Ҳֲסر

һӵոһֱӽʯ飬ϽԪ׶ЩףټϽߺ˲٣˲û˵ǡӼǰѾʼʶĶԼʵս˺ܴһԲⲫʽɱʳ档
ǰѾȥʳ濨ϢƬ̣ΧϸѰһһ˵ڻɱʳ֮ԷѣǿǺöѵǿūͣȥҲ׬
ԣ鲢ÿһ˶ϣ˺ǺҶ֮ʲôûҵ
˿ɫѾǲˣĸ߶֪֮ǰҪ뿪֣Ϊҹֵ֮еΣճ̶Ȼɱӡ
ĿѾɵ̾ظԭ·֣˳һ·۳ҡʱҲ½أһԡ
ʨÿ춼ڷű仯ڽĳǽڽܹĵ޽֪ٹһʱ䣬ʨǶһʵĳǽ֮ڣܵӻҲһְȫС
߹˿Ҳһ쵱Ϊæµʱ򣬺ܶ߶ѡ̫ɽ֮ǰһʱ˿ĴѾΪ
ûеһʱһû˵ĵطֿзһֻǯӲͬʱʳβͣ߹Ǳ󲿷ʬ壬ʣµĲ㹻
ЩϣŻôֻҪŪһЩϣͿƴǿĻ׺
һУ»ص߹ᡣ
Ŷӽľ߻кܶ࣬һЩʶĻụкű˴˵
磬ûˣ㴺⣬϶һʲɣ
ɱǲˣƨķʲⲻ˵Ұ鲻ʹȥִ죬ɱֻ߰ҰѣȫЩӹ׵㣬һܽȨ޴FE
¼ҰǺֵģҺͲԶˣֻԵֻǶѣ֪ܲܺһȨ޵ȼһ£
⻹ѣǵ׵ǿˣСԽԽ٩ˣˣǰѾE˰ɣܴﵽDˣ
ĶԻкܶ࣬߹Ȩ޵ȼŸָȨͱĿƬͲϣֻдﵽһȨ޵ȼܹȻܶ˶ȥ
Ҫŵ̨ʱ򣬴߽ߣ˲Сĺ䶯ȴΪǾȻ̧һͷʬ塣
Ǿߣ˭֪Ŀֲһʱ䶼Ǿѡ
ǲҫСӵ𣿹ֲɱּĹ˵ѾDȨˣܽCȨޡ
˱ˣʵͲһһĸ磬ɱԼ֣Ȼɿ죡
⻰ɱöԷ輫ΪŶرǧܵ
˽پ߶ϸԶ㿪⼸ҲǼΪţֱӽʬ̧֪ǹ˿߹͹۽￨ķ󲿷˶ǽԼɱĹ￨ٻֻЩΪ԰ڵ˲Żֱ̧ĿľҪ˶
⼸Уͷһ˸һɫ˿ŶӵˣȴǾֱߵǰҪһߺ棬ƵĿǵãȽ񣡡
ΧһѾˣǰԵ
ôʱĶӲֵƾʲôÿ
ֲֻҲֻ䣬ǾԲ˵ڵģҫСӿ԰Եƣ˶࣬ʵǿ裬ˣһΪҰֱŰɱӴ˸ҵ档
Ϊǰ˻ϵùÿʱŤͷ˿Ȼ󵭵ʱҳûҪŶӵ𣿡
˵ֱ꣬ߵ̨ȻǸԷ
˶ɵˣ˲Ƿɵ϶ҪùˣֱǳĴȫ赱Сƨ
Ȼɫһ䣬Ȼ˸ôԼ˵
ȻǱˣ˵˵裬ҫСӵĶӳҲ塣
һҲ۷ˣҲΪˣŻཻĪ棬Ҫ˵Ǿһֻ־Ƣûʵһȴ߾߱
ԷţҲǶߣҲӵбԼǿūͣͳһ㣬Ͳ¡
ãС֣ӼסˣȻҷҵӣϣҰҲôţ˵һ䣬ȻڶӣҲĴﶯ֡
߹о߹ĹأԲ£ʨҲУǵȨѪֶ͵Ĺ˸ƣ˵һҫСӣǱǻľСҲҴùͷ
ֻҰȴûֹ˼ɣѾˣһҪúýѵһļһ


ʮ CȨ
ɵǣӴģϵǸŮӴոյҲȴǰΪǰĬ
Ȼһͻ㲻ʲôҫСӵ·Ҳ֪رһС¶ᱻ޷Ŵ
ºûϵ˿Ůд¶ְҵԵ΢Цֻʱһ㶡
ΪԷͼFȨ޶ûлþͽǳѵӡΪ̣ȷԷ֮ûнӵ
ȷģŮӴһȷϵ
˵ͷֱӽſƬ˹ȥ
Ůдӹһ΢΢һ㶣̽ſƬ뵽ĳרƵĶȡУȵĻϳſƬľϢϵľѾˡ
ʣȷҪ𣿡ͷվ߹Ĺƶȣ̹ʽ˵ȶﵽ80лһϵ֣һԻ120öҺ300׵㣬ͬʱDȨޡ
Ůд󣬵в
ʲôûɣֻſƬȻԻôཱҲȲϰ
׽ӵʲôŮд˵һϵֽ֣׶ɱϵֵĿɶһЩһЩľСӣǹƥĻëϵֶɱ
Ȼ˶ʮֺ棬˼Ůд˵Ҳֻܸż
Ժ󣬽ϾͻŮдѾԹ˺ܶ࣬ɸֿзʳѶĸߵ񣬲Ŷӻǵһˣֵ𾴣ǰ߻˵ԷǵһɵģǾͿֲˡ
ŶŶӣѡ񽫹׵ӵŶӵУĶԱҲӦȨŮд¶˿ݵ
һˣʵʵ˵
ŮдǾɱְҵ΢ЦЩϢ˵ԣҽſƬ˺淿䵱УһߣԽ鿴ʵ塣
ӣĽ˹һӽңھ߹Ȩ޵ȼҲD
߹Ȩ޵ȼ͵FϣSȨ޵ȼԽߣõĺôͱԽ࣬һεֱD
ٶǼΪٵˣ͵Ž׼뿪ʱ򣬴Ӻ淿ȴ߳һǺӲˡ
ʣϵԪ϶ҲһߣŮд˺æվ
ãŮдϴŹͰͽ˼ھ߹ᵱеĵλͣǾ߹Ʒʦλߡ
˵˵ͷȻ˿ոſƬ𣿺ܺãеĲϱĶȽƷʼߣԴǿװһֻֿзΪϡ٣ǵһľߣڴˣҾ⽫Ȩ޵ȼCʾϣԺɱƷʸߵ
ֺ£ȻȴٴνԼľ£һӣǸŮдͲϡ
ȻҵȨ޴ﵽCҾͿԴӾ߹ĻԱ¼˰ɣԼû뵽ֻʹﵽCȨޣһΪ˷ܶʱǿﵽȼ
ϸҲ֪ΪʲôˣʨǽûãҲֻǸոշԼһ֮ɣһϽһֿзȻ˾߹ӡ磬ֻҪӵʵͿԵõӦĵλ˵Ǿ߹ῪһĺôΪ£ĸֽ֣׶˵߹ȨߵҲCָ
ҪˣԵ棬רŵԱΪ񣡡ŮӴæһŷ䵱С
߿뿪ıӰһĽѣܻCȨ޾ڷëǣ仹Ǿ߹ģ͸ͬˡ
ҫСӵ˿ɫҪѿжѿһûпҪԼҫСӵû뵽Ǳôһ˶ȥ˷ͷ
Ǿ߹ҲڳҲҲӣֻʵʵŶӣҲûٷ죬Ȼϡ٣ȴǱȸֿз̫࣬˾߹ĽҲ˺ܶ࣬ȻûȨ޽
ŭ߳߹ᣬɫ¶֪λСүԸƫ·ϱ˶࿴һ۶ȭߣ͸˵ǰ˶ײˡ
ȥ˵ĵϸ˸һ뿪ʨǾϸң˵һŵ
߹ġҡڣŪһ̨ƽԣȴҡͷ̾˿
ôҪҵûҵ𣿡һԣһƯŮдЦ˵Ǿ߹Ȼ£һЩûǼǣҪҵ˾Щ˵УһЩŶӷʽǼǣҲҲģ
Ŷ֪ˣȻ֪ЩֻҲֻǱԵ̬ȣ˵ʵȻ֪ϼܿҲʨǣûа취֤һ㡣
ҪϰҵˣѶȿ֪
ȷһɣˣһӣһЩƬ䣡֪CȨ޵ļֵȻǲðײá
ȵһСʱɫѾתŴӾ߹ֽ˼֮⣬һ¹ڡϢֻǾ߹Ҳֿ֪Ƭ䣬ھ߹ṩһ;ǾǰºʨǵһὫٰ죬ʱи־ϡвϣȻҲƬ
ᣬҲ֪ģֻһûʸμӣΪһԣҲûϡпƬȥ
صСǵӣһЩС׼࣬ò˵Ҫ˵ּҳŮУ˵һ㲻ʲôζҪԱȴû⡣ʨлʳ￨ˣǵĲҲᾹȻζֶڣպԣζˡ
ڶ죬Ԫֵָţڴ֮ǰרȥһʨǳ򣬻ʮöҽĳһװ
һӻ̣ҲණҲʮȻ٣һǮҪ
˸װѣòѼöҽ
ʨǣ͵ļ۸һֱӸ߲£Ҳûӵ£ֻԽԽֵǮ֮⣬Լ56ʽǹ˸װֻǲǹҪʱܽǼǮҲУֻʱһԡ
ѡԵģȾҪµĻףƤסȺϽԪҪǿһ㣬ҸᡣеĻ׷ȻǵһԣͬʱǻһЩ
Ƥףٶȣ߻࣬ȼԽߵĻףȻԽԽǿ


ʮ ռ
ƤҪֲϣֿзǺʳƤֻ֣֣컯ƤһֽԪĿʯ
Ʒϡ٣ֱӻȡ
ʨʮ๫ԶĵطһƬƽԭ컯ǾȫȫĿƬȻԼΪֲٶȷϢ
⸽Ǻܶ඼컯ǵĿУϸ˵Ⲣ֪ĲǣֻģЩˣͬϲȺӵĻǵƤǷǳϳ˵һƤʣƤףãܾϲ
ĳȻ󽫳صһƬľУŴŴͶǰȥΪʨѾԶƽʱ˵
Ǹ߸ߵĲݴԣ̫ΣգаķԷɵΧ
ܿ죬ڰķָ£һŴ˯ֻ컯ǣЩ컯ͺʨһƤʻ徧ҲֲûᱻƤ׵ıѡϡ
һ£Ҫɱһֻ컯ǣҪôھĸоӵǵҪУֻǹ컯ǵע⣬ڴһֻ󣬾Ͳòǽս
ûū͵һߣ־ḻ֣һһʤ߳ϣֻ컯ǣл׺£Ҳѻʤ
ʨǵľߵ컯ǣ϶һСӣ֮ҲһӦ
˵Ҫ
Ͷֽ׶˵ǼΪǿūͣһаķ˵ĽսҲѾڴͶһˣй֮
һ֪һǾԼǿǿĶṇ̀ҲΪʲôὫ׺˵һҪ¡
ֻ컯ǣҲ٣ͶһϣӦÿɽֻԼʵսûдôֻ֣һЭԼΣգٳָԤ
շֱɱֻ컯ǡ
һʮּսЧĶܺͽһŸѧʣ֮ǰоһЩ񶷼ɣʱǽӦõʵսС
νΪǿȼӿٶȣһݺݵնӭһֻ컯ǣһб϶նһ¾ͽһ컯ǵĲӿһ롣
һ̣ȻעһԪϣͬʱʮۼȻ¡𣬱ֻȥһĵУ˲䱬һȻֱӽֻ컯ǵԴ¡
ǻɱһֻһѹҪС˺ܶࡣ
һ컯ſڳӾҧ̲Ȼһߵֻ컯ǵĶϡ
ǶߣѾﵽ˵屶ϣһ֮ҲﵽǧټǶ컯ǵҪ֮һֻ컯ǲҽһȥԶ춼
ͬʱʹҲܵ˹ȻϽԪ׵ֵס˼צֳȴǺѵҲ˲Сˡҽֻ컯Ǻһֻ˵һ𷢶Ƭ̣նɱһֻ
ֹ׼İķ֪Ƿǳѵõʵսֻͨϵսʵȥ
һֻ컯ǳûԾţߴһ죬Ȼһ½ǵԴסһֻֽͽһֻ컯ǵĶ͵һʣɱ˵ֻ
ʣµһֻ˵ԸѾֻƬ̾ͱնɱ
˿̣һ紵ɢŨѪŵŵֻ컯ǣһЦԿ϶ʨǵľߵУһģɱֻ컯ǵľ߾Բ̫ࡣ
ʵҲǵȷˣһĻ˾߿Ȼᱻƽһḻľһһƴɱ컯ǶһӮ£һģȻӮˣӮ˳죬ԣֽսʵѾԽԽǿҽѾ˺ܴһξ롣
⻹ûʹûʯͿ񱩵ǰ֮£򣬻ɱֻ컯ǵٶȻ졣
ֻ컯ʬ忨֮󣬲һϵѪȻѰ
ΪоǰҲſˣôͶȥɱ컯ǣԼǺͰķһ𣬵Ѱ컯ǵӰ
ϵļսϵĥĽսպˮƽԽԽߣֳɱҲǲϵľ
˺һͬʱӦֻ컯ǲҽɱ
һֱʱ֣ܹѾɱʮֻ컯ǣûжԪʬ忨ֱֻӰƤµƤʨǡ
ͬջѾһľСӻҪҪɱ˶ҲҪɡ
Ǿ߹ᣬӵCȨ޵ѾҪŶӽˣֱӽ뵽ĹңȻ׼ڽ½ߣֻCȨѾǸߵˡ
ӴһŮԣһеˣͬ˵ӡһûйĿףֱ⡣
ֱôͶ߽ŵ컯Ƥڵϡ
ȻͰԼҪĲ컯ǵƤʲôϡ࣬ҲԶԶȲ֮ǰĸֿзʳ棬ԽӴĹԱܿͰ񽻽
30öң40㹱׶ȣǱ궼ԶԶ졣
ҲԼռϣ˳׬һЩ㻨Ǯ͹׵ѡ
ڿͶ֮ǸŮԱ¶ŨȤ
ūͿǲ򵥣׳ֻڳзвУͲûã㻹ǿʬǼսѾȶˡ֪ûתúͳۣҿԱ֤õļǮƯŮ˶ŴͶ˵
ҿǲģңҲ𣡡һЦûķ϶ҲҪߡ
˵꣬ʰ˳ȥ
⵹װᣬͶǸһģһ·ϱԼ䵱֣˵Ѿұۣ˵һＸûκ̣ɽǵͬ飬ٲͨū
ļʱ䣬飬Ƥ׵ĲϾֻʣˡԪ߹ҲԪֻۣ۸ֹҲ࣬Լȥɿ
һҵﹺڿĳͷǸϵ˾ʨʮɽֵС
һǳԪĿʱֻмٵľ֪طȥģһﵽǾߣһɽɿˡ
ԪҲ磬һɽƾճֵģ޷ţĿƬӴĿ
ڿĳͷ߽˿󶴡
ʮӺͣ߰˸ߡ
Щȫװһͬɷͷһſ񣬺ȻǰǸ衣


ʮ ˭
˿趢ǰĿ󶴣ݣʵϢûɣǸһԪˣ
һ¼æû⼸Ҿʨǵĳڣò׿ˣ֮ǰùһš׷ٿ͵͵Էʩչˣ϶ûҶԷٷ֮ٲ֪Ǹ١
ãúãˣ缸ȥˬһѣЦ˵
İ٣һĵľ߶ѣΪмǿū;ΪԼ˲ˣֱ˵һǽ˫ȴϣη䣬ȫһľЦŵᣬȡſƬ
һ̣һͷ͵ĶţȮ֣ͬʱҲһѽ̹̹ϵļʸ֪ͨɫ
ûҵҫСӣѾˣһﲻ֪Ķõ鱨Ȼ֪ԪλãǵһΪ˱סܣǾ͸ˣһҲЦ˵
ҫСȷԪľСӣѾ׬ȡ˴ĲƸȻȾָ˵֮ǰ£ǾͱҪ
֮ǰǸ߷ųĶţȮ˿ţܿҵڹľеǸȷĿ˿󶴣һ׷˽ȥ
Ԫ᫲ƽкܶ·ǳȴֻһЩڶţǸٻūֳͣȥ
˿ڿԪʯСʱʱ䣬Ѿڳ˼ƷʲĿʯٶȣһʱͿڹƤסҪ
ʱ򣬰ķĶȻȴǶͨ¶˾ɫʱƣ״̬Խǿҡ
ʱҲо˲ԣʱ򣬰ķȻ𣬷һ˻Уһ̣һǹ죬ķֱӱڵϡ
ķһͫ˲䣬ʣԼ͵ϮˣӸոյǹжϣԷõǸװǹеھӵǿ
̸´﹥ͬʱ˵ϵİķ
磡
һǹ죬оԼСֱеһɾ޴ĳϮϵĺϽԪ׾Ȼǲһ
ȻСȾʹٶûмһѱķȻһԾһʯ棬ɼˣɱ˺üǹֱҲһ
еϼԪ֮ӵбȾѻǹҪǿĹȻһ䴩˺ϽԪףֱۡ
ԴһαӰ͵ϮĻ׵ڶαȻߺ͹ǿ󣬺ϽԪѾṩǿıˡ
ʹȲ鿴һ°ķƣķӵУɫѪҺʯʯӿָ˿ڡֻķƺĶμսǿðķϢСһеĵλأ϶ǲսһʲôʧǿˡ
պðķ˿̴ͶѾϮ߽֣ȮͺͶֹ˻ȻֵūҲ١
ǾԵ͵ϮոʨǣûУǰھ߹ǸԵˡ
뵽ѾȷϮߵˡ
¶һԼȥЩˣЩ˾ȻҲȵԼͷϣЩ뿪ԼҲΪˡ
ԼûռƣҶּˣʵζ֪֪ʱʺϷɱȥһζֲͨɫԶ֮ǰĵˣսʨҲŵϺˡ
ҲܿɳԪ󣬶ǿߣҲڵõ֮ˡ
˵ܣ׷һ˴˿̺
ܲˣȻݺᣬֻһڣҳǵţǼһǻ򶴣ɣһЦ
ܣܣҾϲԵϷǸģ˴˿Ҳż׷ΪոһֹǸˣԽ
ֻ˭ﻹв֪
ŴͶӣ߹߰˸ڣͣϢ
·Ĳкܶ࣬ԼЩʧֻ֪Է϶׷ٹΪո˶ԷūУжţȮ
սǿģ׷ٸ֣Լˣ˵ٷ֮ӲȮıӡ
ֻǶʱڣҲûϵ
˿ǸոҲأҲռսʿ壬һ壬ͱɵˡ
ԼϵĻҲУֱеһֱӵ˿ڡ
ʹһ֧˳ϸһȻԪļʸЯԪʸļ˸ǻ˾Ӳȴﵽ3㣬Ȼǿ䴩ԼĻס
ǱԪϡеĽû뵽ԷȻУһ˼ͷ
˺·ϵһ˿ڼ򵥴һ£ϢƬ̣ȡ˷󶴵УսԼѹסߣҶԷͨߣǾḻӵǿƬˡ
ֻˣҲ޷赲ļƻϵĺϽԪѾ˱ԵٻƣֳƤס
һ׵ĲϣԪ֮⣬ѾռˣﵽԪֻҪ㹻ķϡ񱩡ţԼ϶ԸЩϮһ̵ĿΣ֪˭
ǣԪƬٻƣһ·ϲռʯƿֱ֮ʯɿƬһСʱƳɹĽֲϿƬһװ
ƤףһװɫƷʣؼλӲ3㣬ಿλӲ2㣬ӵ10ķԡǾḻִƤף㣬Դ1ٶ
ԸԳõµĻףͽϽԪ¿˵û˺ϽԪ1ӳ֣ȴ˸Ļסǿķ1ٶķԣۺʵ϶ˡ
µƤףҲҪִ࣬ʨǲϡ棬ֹŹֻ׵ľ߶ȥˡ
1ٶȼӳִЧΪԣƶٶȺ͹ٶȶ˺ܶ࣬Ͽ񱩷ţֻֻ컯ǣԼҲܽȫɱ
Ͷϵ˿ҲָһЩҲƣ˿̱Ƿʱ
Ȼǿ󣬵ظ͵ϮҪܶԷ
뵽ֱӴԭ·˻ȥ
֪ЩϮ߿϶ΪԼһ˿һһͷ׷ζȮѰԼλá
һʣǾǶԷ֪ԼԪ·˸Լķ֪ܲ٣ôԷ֪ԼԪһ׷ٵͱȻʹֶΡ
ѵ׷ٿ۾һ׷ٿһûйķƬͬԼ鿨һԷǳصʩչ׷ٱʶĿϣĿǺ֪顣
ȥֻֿԣԷӵ׷ٿӴ
Լֻǵù


ʮ ǿɱ
ŴͶԼĪʮӣǰĶ
٣Ǹһ϶ѾƵˣֻ֪һڣôӶӲģҪץɱ
ǰɱ˵ĸоʵѪڣ룬Ǹùڿ϶ҲںڣڵװƣֻҲûˣҫСӣǾȫ⣡
ŶԻǰͨ߹Ӱǰǳū͡
һֻţȮֻܣһսʿ
ݣҲȷ൱ܵսǿ˵Ǹսʿˡ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶣սʿūҲΪϡ٣ЩԴɫۼףҴףֳ䵶ľܵսʿӵǿսգ뵽ԷȻ
ҲֻһķκӰ졣
ڿЩ˵˲䣬ôƽ˳棬Լͬŷȥ
Ҳ̷һĻһ㶣Ȼû뵽ԷǵûܺͶأǿʼ
湥
ǵһͷǣ˷ˡ
ȻСҪǾͲҪˣɱ
һʱǹͣ˵ūҲһ
ʱȻٴμһſ񱩿ƬЧӳԼϡͻȻūϷһ⣬̷һɲ֮С
һ˲䣬һɺϣǵٶȻ
Ƥ֮ٶȱ˼ӳɣټϿ񱩣˿Ȼǵһȥˣķһɺ⣬㽫ӭĶţȮɱ
ѪһأǸţȮӵߵһĶ̹ߵһóսץһѿ
ǲ䣬ҪԼĵˣԲһ˿һ顣
ǲļʸȻһԾһºǸľ߽
һ̣ǸֱӱһΪնϡ
ĿǰͷķȣҪһֱ׾١
˿̴ͶȥҲסūͣǶԸǸսʿ
ѪһĻ֪ǰ߾Բͨǵͬ龹ȻһоͱԷɱ
һ̣ʶ˲
ֻʱʶȻѾˣѾһֶΣҲʩչ
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˻ָƵҪ;ǳԶ
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ƷɴӥСӵԱҲΧ˵ЦԳԺȺȣʽύ
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Ժлһλֵܣ˵꣬Ѿʼﻮˣڴ֮ǰҪڳһӡ
뵽ӥСѾЩ͸öƷɰæ


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СҲȥ˵һ


ʮ ˣ
ʱ֣صСļң˿ĸӶڣһ׼һЩʳ
˶Ϊˡ
磬ˣصҰһζüˣһ룡С˷ܵ˵Ϊֻ꣬ܺȣСЩȲˡ
ĸҲӴٷͣʣһ࣬˵ֶֻ֣ӲǿȻ࣬ȴһֵεĸоС趼ʮϣһֱסȥ
һҲ޲ڣ˵ʵĸӡҲҪȥ
ԼҪȥľһ˵ԣС趼䡣
ȡһԪռ͸С棬ֶʨѾгۣʮöһֻСײ㣬Ҳ֪СҪһҲһʮöҶ˵ʲôȻڴѾûһöҡ
ʰԼĶߵʱ룬סڳ135ţʲô鷳ѣҲң
˵ֱ꣬뿪ס˲ʮĵطС˶ԺҲںһЩ£ʵҪġ
ú˯һڶ
ţƷ˵ļϵ㣬ӥСӵѾȵˣǶк
˿ӥСӶÿ˶ȫװΪ˶ԸˮеĹǻѹΪ䶯ǹļͷŵӣһ̴Ŀ꣬Ϳ
ȻΪһԣӥС˳׼
Ʒɴ˿̴һĻףڳƤףȴЦŵֵܣǻҪٵһˡ
ûϵȻ⣬ڻ硣
ְСʱƷҪȵǸֻûйۿʱѾ룬ƷЩסˡ
ֻҲû˵ʲôǸòȡæģ·Ǹ˵ĲֹһСӣٵ鼸챻˻ɱôͿˣԲôż
ǸֵʵƷɿûлʲôھʶĺѣĿǰĿǰʨǰʮһŶӵĳԱ˵֮ڻƬΪߣֶζ࣬ʵҲǿּ룬ƷɲŻʮþȡ
ҲҪżٵȵȣ˵ʲôµˣƷ˵ֻɫҲЩÿˡ
ֹʮӣԶſһӳһˣƷһӭȥ
ԷŶӱӥСǿ˺ֹʮһ˼ҹæƷȻ൱
Ǿ仰磬ʵеλ
һʮ꣬Щ߰ϵĻ׺Ҳȷ԰ıǮ
ܺãһ۾ͿϵƤǡƤ൱ϡеһƤףܸߣһЧ˵·Ȼǡ˿֯ɵĲģһ
˿ĺö棬޷ֺҪǣˮ𣬶޷ƻ˿һһǻʱǱ˿Ƴɵ·ô϶һ˶ܡ
ȻѡԸ⴩ƤףΪ߸ȫ棬ƷҲá
֮⣬ﻹǳŵһɫķȣͬʦһ㣬һȼˣǶһɫıʯȥʵǹʶĿ
ϸһ֪Ǻɫıʯһͨʯû˿ԪǺ˹ǶȥģΪ˺ÿװˡ
ŶƷɣ˵ҲǹһЦǸƷɣ˼ҽų˸٣ܳʶüˣһСæȻ
ȻǶƷ˵ĸ֣
ԷôʵЩˣơ
ˣ˶ˣϳ·˵һƷɴ˿̵һ֮ĸкԱϳ
ȻųʱԼԼһУҲ·Ͻʶ
ӥСӵĶǿǿ࣬һ·϶ǶƷɺ죬Ȼڽܵʱֻǵ˵ͷûر⣬˵ҲӥСİֺüͷһƷɣˣôĪǻҵʵȻô˰æ
ƷһȷѣһʵЩԳ̫ˡ
ھʱʶֻԸȽѱΪԴǳΪߺ뵽󣬸Ǳǿ׳졣
ҲǶƷɵѣʱ϶˵ЩȴǵֵʵҲΪһʧ
һЩˬͬʱҲΪԾʶƷɲһˣöƷɳ֮ΪֵģӦüٲˡ
ֻһ֣ҲܱȵùԼ˵ʱԼ¶֣öԷ֪֪Ҳ˳ӥСӿۡ
뵽Ҳ԰һЦ˵ڡĸ飬Ϊˡ
ŶӣһҲ˵ĶŶ֮һ˵ʨǰʮѡԱʮֿ̣ܼˢӡ
ƷɣڵʵҲԣҪҺųȥ˵˵ûԼѣʱ˵
ƷɵʮˬʵһЦӵľܾȥˣһֵô죿ˣԼӳҲ
Ҳûǿһ·ϱôһûһ䣬ʻʨĵ·ϣٶȺܿ죬ûжʱ䣬͵
ǰҪ˲٣ֲΧҲûʲôˡ
ͣһη˵һƬ˳֮ǰӥСѾǼƻˣ֪˲׽ֿз϶ϲʳøֿз⣬׼˲з⣬ȻһһˮУ쵽ߣǸ⸽ˮ򣬿϶ᱻ
Ʒɴ˿̽ǹմ򿪣ͬʱŶԱֳǹ׼ҲūͿƬȡ˳ֻҪһǾ̳ٻ
׼ãǲ֪˵ֶΣһҪССģ⣬ҲҪСӣƷɺ
ǱŪԼʵȴһƵıʯɫȣȡſƬٻū͡
ʱӿȻǴһװҵˡ
ԪūͣΪԾҲȻԪūͣԪū޾ʵǿֻԵȼߣҲһɫƷʡ
ûٻūͣϾͶٻʼո󣬸ոմһ¸ոտҲΪԾΪԼǿ
һ׼͵Ϲ
˵˰Сʱ֮ǰˮϵնͻȻʧԭƽˮҲʼֲƣϸԴӰϿˮһӰӻζ
ʱˮȻӿһɫӰ˳һʱˮĽ˶˷ܲѣȻӥС˵ˡ


ʮ 
Ʒ˵û˾ڼΪϡеĹ⿴һͬۼ׺ŵһһ֪ܲһ㡣
֮⣬˾ȻһǹŹεף淺һˮ·
üһǿ׬ˣǿð˷ܵĴһȻǹ׼
ҲǸٻūͣȡ˵ߴﵽϣΪǿ׳˿̿ϾȻˣǷ˷ŭĺ
ǹ
һ£ֲֳǹ;ѻǹľ̿ǹ磬ӵ׺ϣƬƬ𻨣ֻ޷κ˺
ڴҲּ֪ĹӵúСá
һϡе˶ѣûʲôˣǿĹɱλģڣǲκΣգɾܽսʱں˵ֶҲʹ˿ȥͬʱӳһ״̬ϣ˵˫ȭ̵ȭͷʮ㡣
ӥСӵūҲһɱūӣܻɱͻɱɱ˾ֶΣߴ󲿷ʱ򶼴ڰȫ
ȻūУΪͷӥС˵ūͣҲһ֣ĶͨܺȮ
ܡȮūͣھ߹гۣ۸ȻˣܶСӶṺԣûūͿǲС
һ˵ūֳͣѵָΪ׺ӥСū͡
Ҳȥó˼Ϊǿ󣬶ɫȻͬ죬˻һϴͶܲѹסԷ˵
ڶūΧм䣬ȴûһ˿һĵӣٶȺܿ죬Ƭ֮䣬ѾɱֻȮһֻܣս֮ǿֱԤϡ
Ψһֵܼģ˺ĳ˻Ǹ֡
÷Ʒɴһһ̣ĸͱ׶˹ȥ
ڷĹ£ƺҲŭˣһꪣȻصڵϣȻǲ֪ӺδȡһſƬ˲伤һ̣ȻðһɹˮʮֻȫˮɵС˿ٳ֣Ѹ֮ӥСӺˡ
һȫ˶ƷǵԤϣ˭뵽ǸոնʹõԷԭⲻĴ˻
ʣЩСΧסǾ׶༪١Ƿ֣ӵЩˮɵС˸ûκвֻйעԪ˺ǡ
ԪĿֲ֮ˮԪˡ
СģóսĶǰ棬ǧҪţֵܣСģƷɫ԰ףȫû뵽˾ȻʹÿƬ
ʧ㣬ʧ㣬ƷʱѾЩ˷硣
˵ҲһƾԼʵԶԸֻСˣٲԱӥСӵ˿϶Ҫˡ
֮ǰظƱӥСӵʧԼԼˡ
һʱҲû취гֻСΧԼҲˡ
ʱǱߵȴǶˡ
ȡעԪһӰֱӽС롣⻹㣬˿Ķֱ쵽˼㣬ԶһߵٶȺһһĻɱСˡ
ʽ򵥡ֱӣʮ㡣
ƷɺӥСӵĳԱˡ
ҲĿɿڴ
ǿٺһĹͻȻоԼЩ̣ԽԽ޵ݣоԼһС
ʱ䣬СѾɱһ롣
Ҳ٣ǸְӥСһߴ˿˵
Ļ˵ͬ˿ҲòϣҪǿ̫ˡ
ҺսܳŶãֲҲУ˵ңսҲ˵Ķ֣찡֮ǰǰװƣװƣʵǶ˶Ѽˡ˿ɫΣЩ޵ݣûעԼ԰ģֻһ˿Ȼ
ķͷֻ˲ͱߡ
ƫƫûʲôƢѵҲҪǧʣµһС˻ɱǻֱɱʹ졣
ȻֻСΣֻˣûбɱԷٻˮԪɵСˣ鷳ˡ
˿̣˺ʹԼƷɵļ⣬ūȫ
Ҳˣֻǵһ䣺С˽ǣ
˵ֱ꣬ӱǱߣȻǴԼս
ӥСӵޱȣǶԼĽսرţôܸҺּĹ
һﹻ񣡡Ҳզ಻ѣ
һʱ䣬ӥСӶЩԾԾ˵ܶԸǸˡ
ʵϣûжԸ˵ķӣһȻ˵ֹԷȴ֪
Զֻ֣Ϊܿһ۲˵㣬óԷϵۼ׷ǿֻԼķǿ˺

ץסһᣬһ˹ȥĵɫۼһۼۼ׹ȻӲ
һ̣ѾǴ˹׼ķ͵һȻпһӡ
ţ۾һ˵֫Ӳǲ˷ͬʱǾǣסˡ
ǱߵͶƷҲ۹ⶾ֪֮϶ʲô֣Ҳǵūϡ
˼ū͵Ϻ͸񵲣ѹ˵ֻһˣ治˵Ķ֣ڣȴǿԺ޹˼ɵĹķ
һ̣һһο˸ո˵ϣһΣѪҺ罦ƿۼףһ¼˵󿳶ϡ
һ£˾ˣҪܣֻᣬٴȥԿ쵽Կٶȣһȥ
һΣϾȻһ˿â
žһ
˵Ӧϣڵϣͬץŵһ
ûһһֻ֣˵в
ӥСӵ˺˿ҲǳʼΧˣôΧɱҪӻжܣƬ֮һֱۺһֻҲ˿󳹵׵̱ڵϣūΧƬֱ̾ӱ
ɹˣӥСӵ˻һǲ֮£ȻɱˣȻһж鹦
磬ҷˣǿˣûôǿģٶôģܲܽ̽ңǿһݣҲĸ͡
ƷʱҲ߹ļ򣺡ֵܣ֮ǰѾ߹ʵû뵽һǵ͹ˣߣҪȥףһ£ˣողҲ˵ֵܵ𣿡


ʮ һ
֪ƷڸԼ̨£ʶ꣬϶ԸԼĹϵҲõŵµˣʱҲ߹磬֮ǰװˣٷˣֵܸ
Ҳˬ죬޿ɾҩ֮˼˵ϣҲţǹһЦ˵
ƷɸһȭϣЦͶˣСӣ֮ԽԽǰˣֵܶûһˣҿĲֵˣ
˿ҲԼ֮ǰָ߸ϵ̬ЩЦȻ԰Ҳˣϸһ룬ҲͬƷ˵ʱȷЩƮƮȻˣǽ챻ôһ£֪ɽɽǻ
ܿ죬ӥСӵ˾ͽ˵ʬ˿ǽרſĳ֮ǰ˳׼
ηսƷҿԻȥٶոԣҲһЩ·ľ߿³䣬Щȥȫ
˶֪ǱҲûж˵ǿʨǸϡ
ֻǸոճûãͿ׷˹ԷĳͿͳһıʶͬһСӣܿǾͿǰ棬˱ͣ
ҫСӣƷһϵı־ɫһ䡣
ҫСʨҲʮŶ֮һȻȲڵСӣҲ޼ˣҪǣҫСȻȥȴΪԵͲģСӵսƷǳá
˿̣ˣһǴż̵Ļףǹе͵ͷһʮֱ뺷ˣһ̣Ҳ֪ʲôʱµģᲴ䵶ɱڡ
ߵһС⵶磬ǣ֮ǰɱһϡˣ϶Ƿʵͣǣ϶׬һʣ
ǵ̵ͷһЦ
ʨǲɱ˵ģҰ⣬ȴǺ޽ɣǴ˽СŶҲõĵκΣҶ˵Ҳǵһˡ
ɱöֻҪ֪ȻᣬҫСޱҲһˣȻǺ޽ɡ
һҵɫ£ȷǳϾͶ֣ԲҪ飬ȫɱ⣡͸һɱȻʾ泵ϵ
ЩҪʲôһӥСӵĳԱʵܿóҫСӵľ߾սָ֣Ҳ⣬ǵеκһȥǵĶӳƷһ
֪ҫСӣǵĶӳʮְԵʵҲǼǿҫСҲҪ棬ҵǲ֪ôȻİˣ˿³ƷɺҲ
ֱһ£ǵ΢΢һ㶣ô
Сӵôǻ治ȾָСʵǿҫСӻҪǿ
磬ֻСˣһӥСӵľߣʵһ㣬һιǹˣһʶӥСӵС
ԭˣȻˣҲҪʲôˣֻһˣҲƲʲôˣʶȤһɱʱ޶֤Ҳд⡣
˿ѾҫСӵˣסʲô
ǵҲЦһλֵܣҫ£㲻Ҫ֣֪ӥСӣӦûʲôϵֻҪ£³֮ҿԷһʣԱǸļ۸ߡȻⲻҫֻǲ˺ˡ
ƨŭʨǲ˵ߣҲԲﵽͷϣŵ˼ҪӥСӶ֣Ҫ֪ƷɺǼѣôܲܡ
ˣ¶һ˿ݣѾץſƬȻǴ֡
ҲˣҲȡ˿ƬֻҲ֪ҫС⼸ʵף涯Լ߳ԿǸոնԸˣƷʧ˾󲿷ūͣһȻԴ
ǲɱ˶𣿿ӦҲһݽɫû뵽ҲôѶϣȻǲ֣
ʱһͻȻԽ˳һһ򵶰ǻȥ
Ϳˣһ˾Ҫɱ٣ҿӲǵһǿڣͶˡ
Ը˲ҲˣұطˣҶԷҫСӣԼ˵ͺǽ˲ܻĳԹȻˣǻѡһ򵥵ķʽ
ʽɱ
üͷһɣһ½ſƬ˦ڵϣͬʱᲴȵȻɱ˹ȥ
Ҫɱ
ܲܳɹûһ㵣ģۼսɱҫСǽڶӳĴڣʨǾߵжϺţ˿⣬Ҫһнǰ֪ļһɱɱ
ͬʱſƬͷѸǣһͬ
ֻٶȸ죬ڵжʱѾշһ岽ȥٶͷѸǻһ֡
һĻǴһᲴֻӲ߲2㣬ȷ̫ԶټٶȺ˺ܶ࣬һᲴӦϣͬʱԴҲѾ
ߣôᡭǰ˵һ䣬ĻҲ˵
һͷѸǵ˺ҧȴһӳ嵽⼸ҫСӾǰڶԷӦ֮ǰ֣֮䵶֣һĸǸûκηӦͱɱ
һŵôһոҪٻūͣͱһͬĿƬһ̴ĿƬһ̻һߣֻҲѾǱ￨Ƭٻ˲ūͻֻһ˸ܲ׽һ˲䡣
ԣǶߣĲֹٶȣз񾭡
ǵȻʶǰʵǶߣ֪ǲӥСӣҪҲ׼
ûкҩ
ѸǺܿͱӥСӵ˸ɵǵķӦҲԱȲ
̶̼ʱ䣬ҫСӵкüûüʹÿƬͱɱˣʵһνӥСӺסˡ
ʣ֮ǰѾǾܵĸ߹һǷ֣ʵǱĻҪ
ʬ壬ջ˷ѵôʱսĳɹ֪ͬģеʱ򣬼кǿĿƬʵǿҲûʩչƬǰɵ
ͬЩˡ


ʮ 켫̻
ʱ߹磬̫ˣս𶼲Ķ֣찡֮ǰȻǰװģԼ붼ÿЦʮ֮ǰᣬһ̾Ȼġ
ǰǸ֣
ҫСЩ๼֮ǰһΪɱһϡйЩһɱˡ
ǰã
һЦеսһҲĸ֣վʨǾ߶˵ĸ֮һǸʱֻսĸִ˵һȻԼǸսᲢۣһ˵ԼǿԷȻðһɹŹֵĸо
ȷһȣһȷ̫ܴ࣬ǰȻ뿪ܶõһƬǿūǼֵǵѾ˵⣬£ɱʵľߣһһԸˡ˵һѾͬ
һжǽʵĻϣһ˭
ﲢȫϴЩʬ壬սǵϵװͿƬȻ뿪ҫС֪Ҳһ鷳Ʒʮϵ˿̷Ը
ҲӦȷҫСܳλʨʮŶ֮һʵȻӹɣǻܶԿơ
ǣ˵ʬܿͱ̳˳뿪̲ӣȴûκ˿
ȵǻصʨǣҲûȥ۲ͣӥСӴ㽫˷ŵۿҲûмˣȻҪһЩ׼ϵǵ£Ҳû顣
֣û϶޷ɱɹһ£ռɣƷȻʮִ󷽣ƴ˼£ƷǼ֣ҲͲټ֣Ȼǽˡ
θ磬磬ҲҪˣʱҲ˵
Ʒ˵ԺܺãֻΪСӣЩƮƮȻºָֻǰӡ
˵㣬˵㻹ûмСӣӥӳø㣡Ʒʮϵ˵
뵽ô͵˽ӥСӣӥСӵʵȻͻͽ
֣ʱһκСӣѾѣʲôҲæҡҡͷʱκ֯һ˶ϲ񣬵һͬжʵӵ¡
ܾƷҲûᡣ
˽ӥСӸ˵ʵȻϡе˹ϵۼƷʷǳã˵ҲʲôϵƤ׾Ͳ˵Ƥף˵ƻܴ켸ԺͷߵĻף˵ʱóȥòҪ֪ǷǳȱǮġ
˵棬ȻҲʺʹãҲǾʱһ
ǾȥһЩߵȥɣ֮ǰõװҲӥСӰæȡһЩԪͽҡ
ڼ䣬ƷҹΣһЩίгƷǮҲһΣʱҫСͬһ㣬ˡ֪˵ҲҫС֪ˣ˵ҫС׵ܵܣԷ϶ݡ
ϲǱڵв˵һ֪ԼɵģԷȻưոݣ˵ԼЩ²ȫǲۼԷ飬˵һͻ鵽Լͷϡ
ֻʱʲôҪᣬһҲжҪǾǴġ˶ϱۡ
һǳ߼ĲϣڵʨǣҪɱҲԲһ׵¡
һһʱ۹ʬ壬ʱĳļ۸ֱ˵ۣ˵ֻһ˶ϱۣĸԪ߼ǧöһûġ
һ죬ʹҰȻ󽫴ԼСԼǵڳǵ켫̻ᡣ
켫̻ʨһĴ̻ᣬʵۺд˵켫̻ǳ˹ίԱ;߹֮⣬ʨǵ֯
ʨǵһľ켫̻ᣬڳǣ켫̻ĴӪһʮ¥ʨѾǷǳߴĽˡ
ʱ켫̻ḺӴĴѾΪܶ߶㽫ԼƷó
ֻΪ˱֤Ʒ켫̻ҲڼƷѡһЩͶ˵Ʒֻ᳡ֻЩϡٺƷŻڻ᳡С
һ̨ûˣһȥպãһŮԾҲλǰǱһ
ŮԾһƤףģزԼֱ۲λףִľʨʤһЩ׺̵ʮ־עطǰ½Ƶ൱ʱкÿװ˺ܶಢʵõװƷȻЩԵľǲģֻʨһЩȨŻ԰ڡ
ŮԾǰߣϵƤȻÿʵãĶ̵ͱĲǹҲ˵ǾԵˡ
ûȣŮԾ˵Ҳûӣ˭Ȼһġ
ⲻ֪ѾǶߣĿʮȻ죬Ҳ⡣
켫̻ӴԱҲһɫŮԣͳһƷԴÿ˶Ƿǳ
ʲô԰ﵽ̨ŮӴЦʵ
Ѿ飬ȴֱӵҪһЩ֪Ҫʲô
ŮӴһǹʽĵҪдһݱȻǵļרҼҪƷΪһ켫̻һξٰᣬ˻᳡Ʒֻ޶һټޣȻƷʸҲԽǴΪֻۣҪٷ֮ѾͿԣ
˵ͷҪһݱдŮдȻЦ棬ȴ֪һЩСƷпܷŵϣҲǴոְˡ
ǸŮҲһ㶣СУĵľŪʲôöһһϲεıˣҿҲͲһƽˣ
СһʱЩЦãԼλȤֱҲ⣬дűߵ˺ļϯ
˷ʱˣŮƶ˵
˵ߵļ춨ϯͬһʮϯλÿһϯλһȥʮϵˣЩǼʦ
һ⣬Щ˶ǾߣҶһ֮ʶԨľߣʦλá


ʮ 
۾һɨȴЩʦпһףԷҲ
Ǹϯλȥû뵽Ȼ켫̻
ھ߹ǸʦʱȨ޵ȼC֮ͺ˽飬ÿһȥ߹ᣬҪѼ䣬û뵽Ȼܵ켫̻ˡ
֪ܿԼˡ
һʨǵᣬʵɹίԱᡢ߹켫̻һٰģΪ켫̻ļʦ㣬Ҳͱˣ˵Сǲ˼˵ʲôöҪһʱǾ߹ᣬȴ˿̹һЦȻ֣ǿЦ
ҲΪ˼ҲΪ𾴡ԭһ֣ҺܿܺԼһҲǶߡ
ֻûеһ㣬֮⣬ãܿҲԼǶߣԷͬû˵
׸磬Ȼһһٰ죬Ҳ㲻˼ǺЦ
˵ҲԣˣˣʲôöóҿһҲǣҲо߹Ӱӣô˵Ҳû
ȡſƬֱǾ˶ϱۺŲ֩￨ԼԼ֮ǰĺϽԪףͬʱĿڴȡһȭͷСء
֩һţĶյˣѾǼˣټѾƵҲɾӣϽԪҲһԻЩǮõĶ
Ҫ֪ڿ൱ȱǮġ
ʱȳһЩͶʯ·ⶫԽԽֵǮʱۡ
ȿ￨Ҳǵ˵ͷ֩룬һȻûʲôսļֵǲ׽ǣƵˣҲǿﵽı׼ʲôϿޡ˶ϱۣ
ԭЩһĴһĶ˵ǿƬϡˡ֣ʹһּķ
˻֪Ϊ߹һλʦǶߵȻ֪ˡĴڡ
˵УǶ֮һ֪ģϵȼ͵ĶڰǰǾ߹ỹ֯ǰȥɱһеɽˣ˲أȻ֪˵֪˶ϱ۵֮
˶ϱۣٿӦĻ׺ͿͳԸǿĹҾ߹ҲרŵĿѧңѾһƬʱ䣬һȵֵ߳ʱǾͿ԰ٷ֮ɱ
˶ϱ۵ļֵ޿ɹƾϵĲϾͿɼһߡ
ôģżʨǵʵҪɱﶼǼΪѵ£Ȼʨ¼ûĲϣٷ֮ٿԷŵϡ
öԵ̾һ˿ҲعˣͻȻ뵽һΪؼ£ô㵽˶ϱ۵ģ
ѵǡ뵽һֿܣҲǷһɲţĪɱһˣ
ܣܣ뵽
֪ܵɱֿзʳľߣôܲ
Ҫ˵ԷܸɵһľˣҲš
ڣ֤ݾͰ뵽ǣʵȻǿ󵽿ɱģʨǾǵ֮ĵһˡ
ޱȣǱ㹻侲Ȼϸ鿴һ¿Ƭȷ֮ŵǸ˵ǲɱһˣǵĻôһֱۿǲ˼ҿ㱣֤ܽʬ嶼ңҿԽھ߹Ȩ޼A
һڴһЦ׸磬Ȥˣ˭ɱ˵Ǿϵⶫһ˺һϵսʱ˱˺һֱߣֻǻԵɺ¼˸˰ˣûоʬ壬һûҪƭ㣡
һ£Ҳ;֮սֻսǾɵ˾ˡ
һҲ̻ع
ǰǾϵֽ׶ôɱɹܵõôһֱҲˣսȻ൱𺳰ɣϧԵһããֻһֱֽۣ׶ҲϡĳһüǮܿͨļǽһſƬ棬ҷ·һдšؼƷĺӵУϼӿ
ȺܸߣҲǺöֽ׶μֵҲͣСҪˣЦ˵ϽԪҲǼƷ㵽жٺöʵҴ۽硣
ԶһֱʱʱעǸŮߴ˿Ǵ۾Ȼ˵̸ǶԷĶһһͨˣҶǷֻƷܷĺӵУǿ
ͨˣĪǼһʲôöߣҲûʲô˲𣡡Ů
ɣȴǹһЦ׸磬лˣԷ
˵꣬׼Ҫߣ˭æס
ȵȣȱߣ㣡ʱһ˵С£ȰҶһ
ǣȻʮ𾴡
ţ뵽켫̻һ䣬ɳˮдһ˵ĳ
ģһʱ䣬ʨǵĻǽͻῢһʷһ󹤳̣ΧǽߴʮףĵطףԽʨǻܳȴﵽʮ幫ֻһٶ޽ϣֱһ漣˵ʨ˵ѪǵʨǰȫΡǹΧǽǵĻǿĹϮǵõ鱨統УһֽػߡƬػǳأѾ֪ػ߿ƬλãֻڵЩΣգǻ֯ȥȡϣҲܲμӣڱ꣬ǳô
Ц˵Ǿ߹ˣһȡػ߿ƬСӵļ֮ǰɱֿзʳѾ⶯¿Ȼϵһϱۣһжľ
֪ػߡƬһʨжϱĸΧǽϣɢšػߡƬʨǶȹ˼μǵΣ
Ȼ˭֪ػ߿ƬҪԡ
ֻû뵽ǣȻлμӵػ߿ƬĶȡУǷһ붼룬ܲμģǾӢеľӢ
Щ⶯һᣬǷıֵԼȥ˵ΣԻöġô
ûоܾǴӦ


ʮ Ὺʼ
ҲǺܸˣǿʵ˵ȡػ߿ƬʮΣգҪȫǾӢ
ãϵʽңʱϵ㣡˵
νϵʽʨǷΧʹõġֻΪӣ⼸Ķ죬ȻǻûһȴǹһЦ̽һ
ֻʨǾڡݳƷû·͹ϵǮһܸڣȻǴ͸һ
׸磬ô˼Ȼô˵ȴǺĽһװֻ
ֻǾƺ͸ģԲܿԪӰͨѶҪ磬ֻԴȻǺһۣԲ롮Ԫ
һԪʹһʱ䣬һµơ
Ϊģ˸ģ󣬴ƷǮۣЦ˵
ҲνⶫõϣУƼײĲƷԽԽ࣬Ԫķ
ȻⶼԺŻֵˡȥһһߵȴĿʼ
ӥСҲ˳˼˵Ϊѹ֮һ
ʱ䣬ʨȵĻƺһˣͷβҰ䣬顣
Ȼ켫̻Ҳһ򣬿󣬵ȵһ죬Ǻεȵ׳۳档
ȻȻֳƱͳƷ˵ǧ˵Ļ᳡ѾоųλۿգȴģΪƷͨ˴ˣȨѻһƱ
ܱڻ᳡ȻֻһټƷҲ˵һٸѽ᳡
һټϡк͸߼ƷΧ۵ƷҲﵽǧƣֻҪ켫̻ľͿԿҿֱӳۡ
ֻΧƷǡꡯҲ˵ܶ˿ԶͬһƷۣҸǲ֪˴˵ļ۸񣬵ȵʱ򣬱Ǽ۸ߵá
ҲһƵֶˣϾõϵĶܶΪ±ߣһ͵ļ۸
ȻҲڡ©飬ֻǵҪ۹
ÿ춼ȥ켫鿴һбѡԼõĶûйָʣһС۹⡯ˡ
ֽͬ׶֪˺٣ӵһļ䣬ǿҲֵ֪˵۹⣬˵ʨԳƵڶûǵһ
ͨĹ۲죬ҵ˼ö
确һֿƷҿ뿨ĿƬظʹãֻҪķһԪɣһİпռһƷʵĿռһЩֽ׶ΣһİѾϡˡ
ⶫĵ׼ʮöңԥͶһö
⻹м￨Ķһš׼֡һﵱУ׼ֲģٶȺͷֻͨ˵Ǻһ㡣Ǿ׼ȴǿԶ̹Դһǿ󣬿ӵҪȻȻļֵʹ
ȻҲ⾫׼֣˿׼ۣ100ңԵͶ150ңõܣҲν
⣬ڡ·л͡ɱЫſƬҲֱͶ150ңѾٴڴǮ˾ųɡ
ʱˢһҳ棬ͻȻһƷסˡ
ʥĻȻƷ嵥ǸʥĻ󣬲һ㼤Ĵһ
磬Ӣ۱硣
һ˵ഫ£ʤойڡʥġ˵ʥһǿĴ漶ͨǼ֪λãĻҵͿԻʥĴлĽ
ǡã֪ʥλãֻû뵽ڰƷпʥĻ
ⶫԱ˵һ֪ôĵߣһĳ˶ȻַʥڣԻ˶ԷĽ
õҲ֪ʹã֪ⶫļֵȻˣͱҪŪ֡
ǰ꣬ĹأֻҪǵʱߵˣٷ֮ٿԻƷеļ˿׼ۣ30ҡ
ܺã˵ⶫ˻֪ļֵǲų˻߼ۣⶫʺңζҪŪ֣ѡսʽǽսѧʥĽƱһʵ˵ԼסıҪֵǮĶࡣ
ΪῪʼӣҲǰƷֹͣͶӣڽͶꡣ
ڵĽң100öЩѾ׼۵Լı۱˳ҵһ켫̻ŮдԼȥĿƬȡ˳ŵͼǵ˵Ǹսʿ￨
⼸ſƬί꣬Ի桭ŮдЦ˵
Ҫ֣Ҫֽ֪Լٱļ۸Ǹֵã˵ǻһЩԩǮܵõĻҲ׬⣬Ҫ֪ɲѧѧġ
ֻᣬǹû꣬ɲż
õģŮдȻ֣հᣬܿ죬ſƬöң֮ǰһöңȫͶ˰ꡣ
İöңѾ˵׼۵ʮţֻҪԼ֪ǸֵˣԲܳôߵļ۸İöңСһӣˡ
켫̻Ѿ޷ģ˵ԷǮûС
νֻҪܱ굽ʥĻһиֵá
ǣĵȴһϹȥڶ죬ʨǵһٰӡԭЩ춼ҰԵľߣҲ󲿷ûܶ˶ˮһӿ̻ᡣ
ỹһСʱǧ˵Ļ᳡ѾϯӥСҲһϵ᳡
ȥ鿴һԼ֮ǰͶ꣬˵ᶼûʥĻҪ
ȵѯ֮˿һϵķˡ
۵ļƷֻб꣬оʥĻ
Ҳе飬Ͼĳ̫ˣİöң㹻￨ˣ˴˿̻ڰǸ׳ջİöôһ֪ʲôôȴ֪ͬʱҲڰԷʶⶫ˵İöңǧöңʮİֵҲ˵޼֮
ԣռ˴˵ֻκ˵


ʮ 
һʱͨʥĻõȻ뵽ᵱСһ굽ģǰĳ۶˳õ֮ǰͶĽҡ
»ص᳡ѣѾʼ㣬ʲôʱʱ䣬ȥʥڵֻǸطʨеԶҪԽȽΣյ򣬵ΣգҲҪȥ
ֵܣʲô°ֳӣƷӥСӵλһ𣬴˿̿һϲɫȴ̲סʵ
ûʲôֻӰ˼©ѣû˵ƷҲ֪©˼ҲǹһЦ˵ڰ굽Ķʱ˹ķɿ졣
ȵ̨ϳһʦῪʼ̨¸˲ŽעƵ̨ϡ
ʦͼĿУʨǵһῪʼˡ
ע⵽ֳпǧ˵λ֮⣬һЩңǰɫʲôˡ
ŵľʨǹίԱȨˣֻǰľŶӶӳֻȵʦʼ˵ĿⶼеƷϡ
ͷϷ̨ϽģǾ˵ĺöȰƷҪõö࣬췽Ϊķ죬ֻ͸¶ƷϢ󲿷ֶܣԽʲôܶ˶ǲ֪ġ
ΪԲŸˡ
νͷҲûǮܵõʥĻѾ׬ˣƷţ˺;˶ϱۣ˵ȲʥĻ
ܿ죬ḻʦС˵һƷ
λǵһƷʨǶʦ³ȫףǸֿзļ׿ǣǧԪλǷ൱ãݲԣһ׵Ӳȴﵽ2.5㣬ͨӵۼУһףǵλݵƷĵ׼200ңÿһνм۲50ңڿʼмۡ
ܵͬʱʦѾԪзʵ廯˿Ǽ̵ȫ׺Ƿһʼۡ
û뵽һƷȻԼ֮ǰϽĸֿзףʦ³Ҳ˵ʨǶĶʦȻֵ׵ȷƷʼߡ
֪Ҫۼգ³ʦ»ȲƣһƬ٣ôҲøƶһһ϶Դǿװ
ΨһϧǣٻƵĴ̫ߣÿһٻһֻһװͽ˷ˡԺҲǲܣȵܴǿװʱԴչԪ֧ٻģҲܴ׬һʡ
ֵܣǸֿзòϴɱֻɣƷǴ˿ʵ˵ͷֽ׶ΣɱֿзģҲֻѡ
գһƷ650öҵĸ߼ۣ۸ѾǲˣϾһףƷʺõҲ200Ҷѡ
ãȲһϡе￨
ڶƷһϡ﷨ʦ
ò˵һ￨ҲĶˡԭܼ򵥣Ϊһʩչū͡
λū͵ҪԸҪ˵ұ˭õūͣԼǿλʵ﷨ʦǷǳϡеһɫƷ飬ٻҪ3ŵԪ3Ѫ֮ͷһֹҲ˵ˣ׼350ңҳ۰ɣ
һΣм۵˸࣬ܶΪף￨Ƭʵã˵ɫƷʵ
Ǽ۸һ·ǣֻƬ̾ͱ̧1000öҡ
һֻȮ100ңһֻҲ150öңʮֻȮˣӥСӵĶǿ˿զ
ϡΪ󣬲ͷŷūͲ࣬Ҳи԰ɣƷҲĶˣô˵ӥСӻЩģӵַʦūͣǵʵһΡ
1050ңƷɾеĽмơ
ãλѾ1050ˣҪӼ۵ûУʦе˵
ҫСӳ1200ңλĳһӣһߣһɫ˿˵
ҫСӣŤͷһȴǿԷĵҫСӵĶӳ
һԶƷüͷһ壬Էһμӵ1200ңұŶţѾвζˡ
1200ңҲλ
ûٳۣҫСлЩǣϴɱ˵鱩¶ȥ
۸񲻵ͣҲûټӼۣǶ˳ҫС
óʵҾǱܵݵĽɫָоԼҪгͻϲвѾʼţҪҪΪǿˡ
ƷļƷĳ˲ļ۸һʱԽԽң۸Ҳǲˢ¡
еڰ˼ƷһĴۡĿᣬȻĳ2400öҵĸ߼ۣӵ̶ӣʮɸӣŹ̶󣬿һ￨ͬʱٻǿ3֮һ￨ʧ
һ˫нһЩԵǿ˵սлЧ۸ʡ
ȵ˵ʮƷʦһЦݵһſƬǵʮƷһߣ
ֻɨһۣһЩλ
ߵĶƷҲо
ֵܣôˣƷɺ
ûʲôˣ֣мһҪæܽҵǮ𣿡۾ĶŵʮƷ
ѵƷȻѰã鿨еġ
ɲѾҵ鿨ᵱ̶Ƭеһ֮ԼԼʵҲἫ
ԿƷ֮κδۣҪá
λһԶʱڽ˵֣ͬס˵꣬еߣÿһʹҪŵԪЧѣһżƷƬɫƷʣ׼200ҡ
Ȼмޱȣ֪Բֳܱ̫ż
ƷȻ֪ΪʲôҪǮǺˬЦ2000ңԽֵܡ
ãллͷ˿̣Ѿ˼Ӽ۵300ˡ
Ҳʱľ֣400ң
450
500
550

۸550ңм۵˾˺ܶ࣬ȻЧϾֻһûʲôԵĶҲǿԳʱǵ˵ūͣ550Ѿǲˡ
ʦ¿ֺ飬û˼Ӽۣ׼䴸ʱ̵600ңٸҿûǮˣ֪ʵüֵֵߣǿɾͿˣ
Ǿ䣬ǡÿ
ͻһҧгݽг۸һⶫʵüֵ̬һ룬ҲǰȥͦҲϡпƬʵЧλ֪ûйԡ
ȽǽǮһЩйԵĵϱȽϻ㡣


ʮ 
ӥСӵˣҲ֪ΪʲôһͶۣ˵Ҳ˼ʡ
ǲ֪˿Ѿкˣ±˺鲢ûзȵʦ600䴸֮ǳһ
֣ǮҺܿͻỹ㣡˿ãһʱȥ̨ĵĶȡ˻ֻܽķŵ
ôˣȻЧҲϡпƬҲûҪôŰҿһ˶⿨ƬֵǮĶ࣡ǿ뿪ıӰȤƵ˵
Ʒ˼֪ͣ˽ŵһ϶ͨɫֻҲʣȻѣ϶ǲǿѡ
õһʱ鿴ƬȻ鿨ҪĵŹ̶Ƭһ鿨Լˡ
һʱͽһɫƷʵĿƬ鿨̶ӵУһ˲䣬̶Ӷĵ⣬鿨̱һǿԪԼ֮䣬Թ鲻ʵŭ
Ӻ鿨ָԭ״̶Ӵ˿Ѿʧȡ֮ǳһĿտƬӡ
Ƭһע⡣
κη˸ӵ￨׼ǿתΪ顯Ʒʺ͵ȼ׼Ʒʺ͵ȼ鿨ֻֻܿ飬
Ƿһ˿ЦݣôʱѰǳŹ̶Ƭ˿ɸӣҲԭ16ӵ20
Ȼ̳һ£²ʱ˭֪תĹУ᲻ʲô춯˵Ҳûʺ׼
õ˿̷᳡˿̣ƷѾʮţһ￨
һŶ￨ٻԪءķŻԪʵǳ⣬һǳǿԪū͡
ֻ￨ĻעֻǶ߲ʹãʨ˾޴ľۼأߵҲٴﵽϰˡ˵һЩ˴ȽƬȵ֮ãֻƬ̣һū͵ĿƬͱ뵽2000ңһǡ
˵ǣҲЩĶĴԪū൱硢ˮлԪĴԪūҲΣʵǳ⡣
һ￨ٿĵ30004000ҵļ۸
޷ģĶ죬óôǮҲûгۡ
ϧǺö𣡡ƷӥСҲһп
Сӳ4000ңһ𣬶ʱ˲˵Ŀ⡣
СʨǿʮŶеһԱʵ˵Ŷһ֣ȻǶԻжӣһӼһļ۸ڱصá
ͶƷҲܿ췢֣СӵϯУڳǴɫ
û뵽һҲˣСӿǮԪǵˣƷЦ˵
ҫСӳ4500ңǱ˵
6000ң۵Ķӳƺ6000иʲôȴ֪ӥСľŶӣʲôܲ֡
ûټӼۣҲΪ˽СӣһԪ￨Сӡ
6000ѾǸ߼ˣǽĶһһ۸ߡ
һŴһġȻĳ12000ҵĳ߼۸񣬹ǹеˣ֪ݣԲͨˡ
һЦÿ¶ή٣ʱ䣬һνҲûмˣǴһҲȡţҪƽУڶνмٵļʳֶġ
ٷ֮Ҫȡģһߣһռݾƣ߿Ǳȶ߻ҪǿĶ࣬˵ߣʯˣܵľͲˡ
ֻǰεУֶֻʲߣֻдӵĴν俪ʼŻ࣬ļ֮ǲήٵġ
עƻᣬ˿̣ѾʮƷˡ֮ǰĲ֩Ҳ˷ֱ400һֻļ۸ߣҲ׬һʡ
ǡԪϽסͬģϽԪײȵһƷֿзײҪһЩֿз׵Ľ׼۸650ңϽԪ׵Ľ׼۸Ǵﵽ800ҡ
һȥӶܹ׬1520ңࡣ
ЩһأȻһڽͷ1500ߡ
˿ǸͷԷһʶˣԷҲһߣҺܿҲһߣĸߴΪ׳һʮ˾Ȼ˾˵ǡ
ǫ́ϵʦǿľСӣ޵ĶǸͷһ˿棬ȻֻǷǳصģûĹ۲졣
ͻȻ֮䣬뵽һˣ̺һļغϣ£ƺ֪ͷʲôˡ
ԭȻ򣬰ǸˣôԷ϶ҾǮҲɹһһ㹻뵽УЩļֵ
Ϊһĳ800ңû뵽⾪ϲ
һѾǳ֮ǰǷ⻹û˵ķֺ;˶ϱ۵ļǮ֮һᣬѾǴĿġ
ǵھʮƷϡйʬҲУʣ֮ǰǼˡ
ɫƷʣͬʱϵ׺Ǵ֮⣬ȷǳߣ˵ʦϣ̾˳ۡ
ҳ۵ģЩľŶӡܿ죬۸ͻ5000ңһ
УΪľӥСӺһߵˣ˵۸ԽߣҲζǵķֺԽߣȻ൱˷ܡĿѾɣǵõЩҲأԵõȻܶࡣ
գ˱ͬʨʮŶӵġʥܡߣ۸ﵽ9000ҡ
ҲֵǮǱӥСѾ˷ޱȣҲ׬˽3000ңе붼Ҫߡ
ҲǺöԼľ˶ϱ۷ŵˣʱʦȡһҲǵһٺƷ
һŽƷϵһϱۣĶϱۣǳȾʹﵽףֽ׶֮ǿ˵Ҳ֪ļֵҲӹɣλ׼1000ңۣʦһƷʮţϾϵĲϣֻһϱۣҪȶ֮ǰĶ࣬Ͼ£ûɱ
Ȼʦһ䣬˳ۣ֮ǰһͷ˶ϱۣ۾ֱˣ̽мۡ


ʮһ ת
Ӹղž͹עǸͷԷмۣƺûо⡣
ԷԼ²Ǹˣ϶˶ϱֶϸȤ
Ȼھ˶ϱ۸Ȥ˲ֹͷһĲһ֣˵ʣĻ׻ǴӲȡѪ⣬Ǽֵơ
۸ǳɾ10000ңȻϣ۸ԽԽãԼõԽߡ
Ǹͷ˿̺һ˵ļ۸
20000ңⶫұҪõͷλվӵۣƺ˭ٸҼӼۣͺ˭ƴһ
£û˸ҼӼۡ
֪ͷ˭ˣǸûвӼֲۣ֪ͷݵˣȴĲҼӼۣҫŶҲҡΪһͷԲ֮١
ʦҲǿЦһܿľ͵£˶ϱĸǸͷ
Ѿǳƶͷ˭ˡ
һõĺûᣡû֪˿ʲô̡
ˣʨǵһԻΪһʱǲ෹̸Ļʡ
ڶʹõһԪſ;пһԴʨǵȡĽңǿ۳ѣҲö֮䣬ͳΪһʮŶӵĴ󸻺
̸˼䣬ȴЦһĶ˵ʵҶסˣ¿Ǵһʣ켫̻ҲΪ߼VIPͻǵĻԱԺ켫̻Ṻͳ۵ƷŻݺۿۣСӣⶫҶûء
Էݹһд켫ֵĽɫһЦȴֱⶫ˵Ҳдõġ
⻹л׸չˣߣƯƵ꣬ʲôܵ㣡һЦǮȻǲƴ֡
һ£ˣٺúһ٣ҲЦ˵ֵһ£һûأ
ʲô£۾һУЦʵ
һ˶۵ƷǳӣҪȥҪЩǴʲôطŪģﻹûУ˵û㣬ǿҶҪͽһᣬҪúðסЦ˵
ŶѾ֪˵˭ˣ϶Ǹͷ˼ƻȴҡͷ˼Ȼ˼Ӧ̸ȥ׸磬й涨ܽҵĸϢ͸¶ȥûи߱˰ɣ
û뵽ͻȻôʣ΢΢һ㶣ҡͷȻûУһְҵһеģҪǸ˼㣬֪˭㣬϶
˭ңһͦƺ⣬ɫŹ֣˵ʲôƬ̺ŵСӣ˵û㣬ˣһȥλʦô˵Ҳܲˣ
ȵ뿪ߵ켫̻Ĵ;߹һܶരڶˣͬǾ߹ᶼȡͽ񣬶켫̻
켫̻۵Ʒֿܶ࣬͸ֿƬסǹеӵӦоУֻ۸ǱСҪ٣б֤ġ
ûľŶӣҵһŮдֱӳʾ˸ոյõĹ
ֶðײãŮдɫĹ̬ȹĽӭ˺ĹңǰŶӵľǺ޵ֻҲ˵ʲôܵõ켫̻ģǾԲһˡ
ܿһͻľ߹ѯʲôҪ
һֻҪ￨ת飬ȻҪ̻￨ȡһƽԣѡū͵б
켫ֵ̻ūܶ࣬确ȮܡЩūͣȻҲи߼һЩūͣ确ì֡¡룬һܣһì֣һ¡
ΪСȮǷΧ֮ڡ
ΪƷʺʵͬԼ۸Ҳͬܵļ۸ﵽ150ңìֵļ۸Ǵﵽ220ң¡Ǹߴ330ҡ
֮ǰ϶ṺЩ￨ԭܼ򵥣ҪǿūͣǹضȽϾ¡ҲȲϴͶ
¡һūеĶˣӵм̵ף䵶ͽԲܣĻһɫƷʵģҪʵƷʲͬתʲôͬ
Ȼ鿨ֻֻܿūͣʹʵ顣
صסͨѶһԣԸͶصţȻ˵ҡʱ򣬰ķҲѾһεȬԼɳΧȥķķĽиͣ
һķȻ鿨ᡣ
ص鿨˿ڿУ鼤￨еġܡȷõ׼ӡС
ٿؿᣬתںķһԪ֮׼ӵе￨Ƭ̱һɹĹûļµ˻һԳİķһ
°ķģ˰֣۾ȴǽǸ׼ӡ
һ̣ĹûĿƬһâתΪһź￨Ƭ
ˣȡһſƬϸһϲ
飬ɫͨƷʣ黯ȡԪ⣨ս룩1Ԫ
붼ǶԿԼʵܵƷʱһ㣬תͨƷʵѾǲˡΨһЩͷ۵Ԫٹһʱ䣬ʨǾͻԪ֣ȴûС
ô鿨ת൱
ٽūͳìֺ¡Ҳȫתͬ׼ϵעһͬƷתҲͬ
תͨ飬ìתȴǡì顯ͬʬһѳì黯ʵ廯תƷҲɫ㡣
¡תҪ
ߵս꣬ףֲֳԹ͹ܣͬӵС黯͡ȡԪƷҲﵽɫ
ֻ鶼ҪԪͬʱٻ飬ҪԪ
㹻ԪҲֻܽȫٻͬʱٻūҲƵġ
һߺͶûв𣬶ֻͬʱʹūͣͬͬʱʹôһķ࣬ūͣΪ֣ףǶߣһҲֻʹū͡
ߣͬʱٻūŻӵһϿߵǿͺˡ
ֽ׶ū͵ٻ޶ԣΪūͲ࣬оܵõϵģԺԽԽ࣬ѡʵūͣҲһѧʡ


ʮ ³ʦ
鿨뿨ᣬӵպһ
ͨѶֶʵϾþֻװģ֪ͨѶ˺٣ֻжƷɡ
ʱƷɺҰԣ̫ϵԼΨһĿ
һȻģ֮ǰԷѾ˺üֻʱڵҸû
ͨ˹ĵ绰̫ѴˣҺ˵ǸĻתִҪ㣬ϾҪסĵطˣɱ˵㲻ڼң
ͨѶ¶һ˿΢Ц
˵ʵ֮ǰûԤϵһ£λҿ϶Ϲ;˶ϱ۵Ǹͷ
ڶԷݣҲ³ˡ
ûʲô⣬ԷӦþʨǵĶʦ³ʦ
³ʦԭ³Զֻ˶³ʦһ֪ΪʨǶĶʦȻǺܶϱΪһܴǿ󻤼׺ˣȻ˭ͽᣬ֮Ϊһ㶼Ϊ
˵λ³ʦѾǶߣӵж츳ĸ֡
Ҳֻ³ʦŻ;˶ϱ˵ģְҵ֮ǰ˵ҪԼȥһˣһ뵽
ǽʱͬգڸûҪȥͽԷ˵죬ƾһ³ʦţҲţƣȵŪԷǼֵ͸ˡ
Ҫύ³ʦΪģΪԷӰ̫ˣΪʲôöԷԼΪոĻȨ
ʮӲͿųС⣬ȻǸͷ˽
ϵܣطҵķӶûôҿطٵ3000Ҳɣ֮ȿ˿ӣһ̾
öԷѹǺΪ߹ļʦĵ̾ҪڵԼǮˡ
׸磬ٴȤˣǿһ㶫һⷿأһЦ¡
ҲЦЦҸһ£λ³ʦʨϯʦҫŶӣ벻ء
ܣͷֱӰڰֵСף˵Щģ³Զǰһһֻһ˰ˣʲôʲô׻Ҳ˵ұ곤дһϵܣ˵ʵܵõ;˶ϱۣⶼʲôһ׻ףʵǾˣҺ
³ʦģΪ⣬һֻ˵³ʦͷûмˣû뵽ôһ˵һﾹȻ˵ʵ
ûʵ
ûκμӣ˵֮仹һеϣǽȫѪעڶ쵱е˲ŻеƷʡ
һ¾ӮĺøС
ˣȻˣҲͷһأһ³磬˵Ļ׵ȷҼģ³Ҳٲ³һЩô˵أһ׻ײҴģˣֻһܸ˭˵ôһλֵܣû˿ѹĵԼʵһܻŵ˵ᡣ
ͬƲģ³ʦȷΪԪϽףһڶˣ϶ԼװΪ٣һǷ˴˱ҪúܶװȻǳѧеİȻ³ʦˡ
ô˵³ʦЩʧϾ棬˿Ҳ̾ȻһԵǾˣϵܣλʦʲôҪһʱҿҪ֪۲ġʦƷҲ߼յһݾ⣬ûУֶǺУҲõˣȫˣȻԿҿΪҪͻס
һԵˣҪ֪ɲʲô˶ܵõ³ʦȴѴ׺ǶŶӶС
ȻеǣȫųȵºŽֵǮҪύ³ʦóһҲûʲô
뵽һЦȡһŲϿƬʮһȻ˹ȥͬʱȡԼķһ˹ȥ
³磬Ҳ֪ⶫϡ٣Ҳʣôһˣ˵Ҫ͸ΣȻ˳һǿһ¾͸ˣЦǺǵ˵Ǹ˶Էһô˶Էһ顣
Ȼ³ʦƬ¶Цݣ֮󿴵ǵԲ۾νпŵ³ʦһ۾ͿһĲ̽ӹϸоԽԽϲȻһԣǳϸо
Լ˲裬Ҳ³ʦиĴָ³ʦȸ̹ȻѾǷǳˣǽ³ʦԵģ³ʦӣͲϸװˡ
֪Ϊʲôȥ³ʦöԷҹԭ˼г
³ʦжʮӣŽ£ͷʦˮ׼Ǵʦˮ׼ϵܣҽˣҴߣ죬ҿ϶һƷʣҲܳоһַǸҾȻȥˣ
³ʦڶԶѾȻһˮûȣûкʹкȻֱӴŶ˳ȥ
ŪĿɿڴ
⻹Ǳ붼벻Ķʦ𣿸ͬһͯõİһ㡣
жǸӺ棬Ҳûжʲô³ʦ϶ǲܲܶԷҲ̺˸ǣæ׷˳ȥ
Ǵʦֻרע֪ˣܴʹ֮аɣҲ̲סпһ
ʹ֮Уһ³ʦǿ˵׻ɱļҲΪһһ³ʦųɾˡ񽳡ĳƺ
ܽʵ³ʦƻ֮£Ҳ뿴³ʦܽԼķʲôӡ
Ǵ̽ԪϢͬ²ģʨǲûֵȼԪԼоԪʽѾԽֻҪоԪôͿٻ
ʵԪûǿֻ֣֮Ԫõ࣬ΪǶ֪²ȱǮʱҪȥִ񣬱ڼоԪȵ³ʦͻʱҲȥμʨ֯ĶȡػߡƬˡ
ʱת˲͹ȥ
ʱ䣬ӥСҹһûȫȫĳ쿨ƬȤУΪߣԪĸӦҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ȻоԪ
ԪΪԪΪصһ֣õĵط٣ֻһЩضͷŻõԪ
ҲǴ鿨ҵһ˿Уҵƿķ賿ɹһԪ


ʮ ©
Ԫķ鿨Ƭγս
³ʦҲûʧԼ糿ʱʹһľҵװŵľǱ³ʦ¶ġ
˿̵ķѾ֮ǰȫͬҲһˣߴʽҲ׺ݣļͺ͵ңӳзǴ̻ǵӦ֡
ȡ֮һҲĿɿڴ
֮УɫƷʣӲ3.5㣬Ԫ15һרΪսߴɱ֮մȾʹߵѪʹ1
ö
ǺöôҲû뵽³ʦȻԽ̶ֳȣƷˣȼҲˡ
Ȼ³ʦлп϶СѪΪֻѪȼ֮⣬һЩϡ
Ȼ֪Լ׬ˣǴ׬׬һѿ֮УԼĽս˵绢ֽ׶˭Լĵ֣
ǽύ³ʦĺôȻǴϾǿƬԼķʽǿ³ʦȴǿԣֽ׶ΣȱٲϵǴ첻ֵȼƷʵġ
˵ʵڵģЩ˼ˣҪƷõҲС˵³ʦûõʲôôˡ
³ʦ˵ҹۣͲˣ˵лл㽫һѵоʵǿɹҲĹƣɹֻɣǳɹˣĻм˻ȥ
ɵĳɹ³ʦ͸Ҹɣ
ˣֱǷˣʧܣеĲϰˮưԼװȰ
ô룬³ʦһȴǷˡ
ٹȡػ߿ƬСӾҪˣĶԱ֤ڵСӣ³ʦݸһ֤ļŸȥ
һ¡֮СҲǴŴֱӿʻʨǡ
ʨǳڵĳ䣬˿ĳʻȡһͨѶһ롣
ιӳǸˣǸôǡǣãǿ϶ãģ֮ǰұ֤ͷϣ˹ͨѶȻ̳һԽҰ׷ȥ
ʨڳǵĳҫСӵͨѶһֲɱ
˵ǼһΪɱҵܾ֪ܵȴû뵽ֵרż̥ۼרҰɣߣԪλֻҫСֻ֪Ҫϸֳ̥ӡ֣Ҫǹ˼ɾ߹ʨڲɱ˵ĹأɱǸ˵ˡԼһƣȻһ
һԣվҫСӵĸӳִϣ˿ҲЦûǸ֪ڼǰͱȶĳӡ֪⳵ĳҫСеģ⳵еĵԱѾȷݣڴ֮ǰǵҲ֤ʵھ߹Ǹͻôһɱ˵Ŀ϶ʱһԪ󣬽ײֻһ֣ʱ߻ǵľӢԱʵǿȻҲȫɱˣȻԷͨɫ
ִͲ󣬵ȴҫСӵĸӳһΪʵǿһȴΪʮִҫСӵңΡ
ҡҡͷԷ͵ϮҲǲܣѾˣֿзǸɱģҲΪ£ʶҲǹԷʵһȥСӵԺ⼸ҲǶ֣ÿһˣеԸʵԺңҲδӮҪ֪ѾǶˣԼǸЩֶΣһҲǱɣѾʨǰɱû뵽ȻȥΪ˲鷳Բžˣ
ӳӢִֵһ˵һӥСӵߵĺ֮ܽǰҲ¼ǳµ죬ӥСӺǸҲպ˿ɱһϡйҴ󵨲²⣬ǵ϶Ѳϵ
ӥСӣû˵ߣֻһȺССèѣܵǵºӥСûйϵǶܷŹɴɱҲܷŹԷִϣھʹ˽ӥСӵ˶ɵһסҪڳЦ˵
ǣִЦ˳ȥ
˿̣ʨʮ๫Ұ⣬ͣڲݴвغãǴŴһƬ֡
ȻҪԵȻҪһЩĹһƬֵĹʵҺܶǶʺĿǰ
ֺûãβĳҲͣ˸
еԺ˺Ծḻ֪ʲôľȸҲĿ귢һ㿴ԺͲһͨɫ
磬˽ʮΣգкܶǶʲôһ³ʵ
ԺΪգºҲ㹻˿ȴǵӳǱ˸ɵģȻܸɵ٣϶ˢӣһδҶʮֵľֻɹʧܡ
ģ磬Ǽ˵ıֲǲ֪´˿̶Ц˵
Ϊ˱֤ܳɹһҪȡ͵ϮսϵèͷӥųǼһУǰūͶٻҪһɱԺɵİš
ϵȡһſƬһ̣Ƭһֻڻèͷӥֱ죬֡
׷èͷӥǷǳʺ׷Ŀꡣ
ĿˣϵõèͷӥصϢ˵
ԺһĵĽһƬֵС
ֵУһôı󣬴أ׵λãһִ˫ͷľ֮ߡ
Уǵ͵ĶӵӲȴﵽ2ƤͬƤӵܶ˺ˮͰһֵͶʮ׵עÿһƬֵʳˣ˵Դ
˫ͷԴ϶һǰļǣΪһ̣ͿԽɱ
ֲĹ˿ȴΪĿꡣ
Щ궯ĴһԵȻҪԶ֣ĿǰʵԸһֻҲҪū͵İæ
˫ͷ֮ԽԽһֱͬһһ
һ׾롣
ʱ򣡡ͻȻĿ֮бһâ϶£һ½˫ͷһͷ
ԵֵӵѰļӲƤ˿̾ȻͬţƤֽһһնƣǷһֻնһӣ϶նϣ֮еǿɼһߡ


ʮ ǿ
ŵͷֻо泩
Ǻõǰķǿ˺ֹһѣٿ˫ͷһԴ뱩ŭУʣµһͷٳ
ڴ֮˫ͷٶҲ죬һ˦βҪͬһ
ͷһУָƤȥٶȱǺҲĶȥգ֮ڡ
˫ͷͽˣôܷŹͬٶȼϣⲻ֪͵һС
˫ͷƴһԾȥһ˫ͷʣµһͷҲն䡣
ͷ鶯Ƭ̣ǲٶӳɱ˵һǳɡ
˦ϵѪʮ⣬֮еɱԵԵɱ˫ͷĶ
ڳߵһЩ࣬ķʹ̳ԣȻʣµʬǰ̽
Ȼһˣ϶ҪջС
ǵãһƬһֲѪľͨɫͬѪһ㣬һַǳֲֲѪľϵͬһԽĹɱȻ󽫹ʬ嵱Լķϡ
Ǿ߿ҲһΣաѪľȻΣգһ
Ǿһַ·ƿӡһĹʵкɫĹ֭ѪľĺöζͬҺһܱҩɿָԪҩ
һһװ֭Ѫľĳ20000ҵĸ߼ۣԼȻ֪ƬֵһѪľȻҪȥûнʵ
ŴͰķǰ˿̣ͷϣһֻèͷӥ֦ͷ۾
ǰ˼ףèͷӥһֻţߣȻ⣬УݱͲ٣˭ȥעһֻèͷӥѾǶߣмǿèͷӥһֱѾ
ķͬͷǸƨ棬˿̳ķķĽ˼Ҫȥèͷӥҧ
ҡҡͷոע⵽èͷӥܿһֿ׷ūͣô˵ڸԼ
Ȼˣ϶ݾߣҪʲôˣԷʲôĿġ
ķȱİķԴҲûмǰԭװϢҪ׷Լ
ԼĪӣ¶һ˿ЦݣΧϸСĶȻЩ춯΢ţܲ
Ժ˴˿ѾֱٻԵūͣĸһڵĵصΧ
Ƕһ׷ɱǳţԺ϶ǸˢӣҲ϶ȲοһҫСĵľһ͵ϮԷʮСӵĶӳڴˣҲɡ
ֻȵǿȴǿĿһֲмǵĲ֮һ
ôоԷѾԼЩһ
ʵϣһͷǵĿ
Χľ˵ȻˣͶɣ
Ժ˴󾪣Ȼ̬ȻǷǣһֱҲɱ˲ǿľߣ˷ֻͷһΡ
˵ԷȻ㲻ܣֱӵ
Ȼ췭ظԺϾĻ̾侲ĵһﲻȥΪĪΪһ˿ԶԸҫСĵľߣ
뵽ԺҲأһĴӲ֮߳ͬǵūͣܿͽΧ
õȻ֪Ǹ㣬㻹ҵ治֪Դ޴Ժһ˵һ߸ͬƣ˼Ϊǿ
ʵڿԺ˳ֵʱ򣬾֪ôˣԺҫСӵ꣬ɱҫСӵˣȻһ۾˳
Ȼ֪ҫСӣ֪̾Լɱ˵±¶ˡ
¶Ҳûо¹ڶԷСҲˣȴڶԷ֮ǰ˫ȻһԾ֮ͬ
죡
ʵ̫ˣ
ԺǵĵһӦһ̣һѪⱩһ߸ûзӦԴͷѡĿȷǾǾߣūͣʲôʱʰԡ
ҲĸʵǿūҲʵս͵ģĶܣм¡ҫСӴµǸ﷨ʦȻҲʮ⣬׼ͷŻ
ʣԷʵǿҫСΪ˶ԸԼȻ˴Ǯ
ֻϧǵļƻóѡ
ɱ˵һˣһߡ
ֳһֶܣЦһֶܿԪ죬ǿӲȸǴﵽ2ϣֻҪסԷĹôԺǾץסΧˡ
ʱ˱ɡ
뵽ĸֶܸ񵲡
Էľٶ֪ʲôȴЦһԼһѿ֮˫ͷһնף˵øֶˡ
һնڸֶϣֶܴͬһնΡ
ȵƬʬأԺһ߲ʶһ㣬ǿǿס
뵽Է֮ǰľٶԺ֪ĶԾˣԭ˼ҸԼԲŻԭصš
̺󳷣óʵԳԤ룬ԼĶӳҪ
ѾǶߣĪҲǣ
뵽һ㣬Ժи壬ЩҲûãԷɱߣԼֻҪ˵ȫȻūӦҲܽĥ
ūͲУԼҲлߡ
ûԼһͬ飬Ѿͬ鵱ӡ
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ʣǶһǶмΪĴڡ
üҲūͷˣȻֻһǹʮֿɹۡ
ˣ˾ȻڱȺɱһѪ·
ÿͬţСηִ岢һǹеȻҲԽɱҪķѺܶӵֻһǹҪ˵ɱЧҪһ㡣
˿ڶ鵱Уһƴɱ
ΧľͻȻΣУģֻǷɱΪܵı̾ͻὫ̵ͷʣ
ֳֿ֮Уڴڻ²ϻϸܿǰֻϾۼٶȺܿ죬һΧͶǱϵĺҹ˵ԡ¹֮µĶıϣ˿ͷƤ顣
ݣôô࣡һ¶֮ɫʱ򼴱ʨеĸҲºͲ֪롣
Բóսūͺܿͱɵɱ˶ʮֻϺһͱһֻ˵ҧȡ
⼸Ѿ
û˸ҾҲûǶӳҲû
ֻùߣ˺һ̲⡣
˫ץѶ̵ƴɱα̫࣬ϵĻײҲҪ˸ղ˵ĺ󳾡һߵĳľҲ࣬Ǻܿ췢֣ߵı죬˶۹ģһ۾Ϳʵߡ
£һɱ
ǵԼɱٱˣ˿̣ǱڵĳҺǿȣ˿ҲЩ
֮ԽԽأһ˿иͬһƴɱҲǧٿףսʿ弸˱ıԵ
ʧսʿ壬ͶʵۿۣҲûа취Ѿ㲻ˣ˵ūʧ˳ϣǿūͣԳˮһıҲᱻû
ڣͶ֫ҧϣѣֻǰĴͶק


ʮ ɻк
Ͷһ·ǸģǵǿͽѾΪɻȱұۣ˵һıԲʧ
ķҲƣǲϰֵǿ£ſ뵽Ϣ
ɱѾʱ䣬һУֻ֪ϵĻӶ֮У˿ûע⵽ü˿ҲʶĿѰӵıӻ
ݣ񱩣񱩣նɱֻ˹ıϣ˿ܴȱҧƵ˿ڣֱӽϵѪͿĨڿ֮ϡ
֮մȾʹߵѪ󣬻ʹ߽״̬ٶȡôɺܼ򵥣Ϊǰһֻϵĳޡ
ϳУΪͼΣǰϣӦǸڱϵĴڡ
͸󣬸żӲǣԿĳ֫ǳǰַ·̹˳һϣžʹÿ񱩡
һ̣ǰ֮дҵһǺɨӲӲĽ̹һ֫նϡ
֮еļӲͷ˿չš
Сģһ̹֫˻һȻ÷·𻨰һĳ˺ҧһĻü̴ѡ
£Ҳȥô۵ĶԱȻƴɱڣӳЩߣ˻׺
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ĵ㻮һ׶೤Ŀӣɢų෭ӿ⻹㣬һԾͬһ㣬䵽̹ϱϣȻͷݺݵĴȥ
ֱ֮û룬һ¸պô̹ϵҪһŤһ£Ȼء
ǵӳ˿̶۾һȻó̹ǶǸԱһʼսҲǼʱ䡣
죬һ
ܽնɱʨǾȻȻû˵
ü˺ҿ϶ǶߣʲôĸŶӵģеĳ⣬ɱֻ˹ıϣȻԵüʵ
ֻ֪ƺûŶӣüΪɫЩ԰ףǲеɱϡ
˵ͷû˵֣ҲٶʣܲͻΧ˵ÿ˶Я㹻Ԫ￨ԳٻūͣȻÿͬʱֻٻֻڿԽгս
ͶҲķ˲Ԫٻֻ飬һͨսʿһǳì顣
սԱȴǿûԶΧ϶ǵľųɹΪˣѹСġ
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ŵľҲǲ࣬Ѿ˾Щ˼ֲ˶ˡ
ʱԭͬˮһıȴͻȻʲôͣ¹ͬʱȥ
ǵٶȼ죬ֻƬ֮ӵһɶ
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ӣһ˵ŵļҴ߶ˡ˿Ƿ֣ǾȻǼսСʱ˿ɫѾԭСʮһˣǴ˿ֻ̣ʣˡ
ꡢľ顢ü
ȫʬѾҲˣȻûһ˵ģÿ϶ãѪģҲ̶á
ܿ죬Ǿ֪ΪʲôЩϻˡ
Ϊǰ棬һͬСɽһľޡ
Ǿޣ̴ͷ㵽һʯ󣬵üٶҲ̽ľҲǼæ¶ء
˶Ǹޣ׶ߣ峤ʮףͬһ޴棬ͷɨףһɨ֮£ֱӽֻϾо׽
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Ȼԥĸϣǳľ
ӳ㿴أüʱʵ
򵥰ȻϵʳϾޣ֮ǰıַǳǸߣܲӳ죬˵ÿˣɫЩӣ̾˿˵
ܱίԱΪСӵĶӳȻ汾棬ҲԼİֻ֮ǰһΣ£֣ԼСﾹȻǿˡɱϵǼ˼࣬ұԼҪʶ㡣
ûһԪ͸֧أˣ˵ϼֻë󶼿Ҫǵ־֮£ʵ˵ûһ취ģЩհס
ǺԣǸ侲ƺ֪ξȻЩʣٹ䣬֪ԼˣҲѡŶԷ
˸ǰ·
ÿһͣ²鿴ѰһЩ˿
Сʱŵ뿪˱ϵأҪһȫĵطϢң͸
ոƹ˼Σ򣬽ǴȻûһ˲۸ڶĵ˿̶ҲͶأȻǶʮΡ
ܿ죬˵һˮ̶ϴȥϵѪȻΪҵһƬɻк
һܿͻȻ׹ɽֵУѳɼɢΧ׵򣬿ǹ˺ܾã϶˸ֲһӴĻȴÿʱܺϢ
ǺܿУɱ˼ֻ̾ڴ˴ı챪ҵһŵĵط
һ·ϣԼľСĶܴܿڵΣգΪԼҲǿ֮ĩڻ˳
ʱ򣬳ľѾû˵ˣ̵ϢҲ࣬ǵüʱζлˣ
֪ǵ˼ڰֵϢָΣգֻˡ
üҲǵͷϢ
һλҲʲôණֱȥĿϢָ
һСʱû˵֮΢һ㾢ʼʳˮһСʱǻָһЩ
һ˵һǲǾϸѡľ߾ǲ緢ֶͻΧǵʵٲһ㣬ûڡ̫һôҲܻԱһڱ


ʮ Ѫľ
һζȴһ
˵ǳʦδݣʵѾһ룬˵ԭʮһֻʣˣǻˣЯū͸ʧء
֪˵ߴͶսʿѾˣûǿͶֻֻ䶯ĳӡ
ڣǻһֽ֡
Ԫľ￨ľҪǸ֪ںδ˵ǷǳΣա
ʱ򣬻ŵˣüĿ࿴ԭС⣬Ǽʶ֪ǱǻҪľߣ˼̾ûˡ
磬ʵλʵһ㣬û˻⣬ڣǵ߶Ҫ
ֵܣ벻ôͣľǰΪԼĽսʨŵǰλҿɲ˵⻰ˣǼֲغϣľ˿˵Ϊ׳ģõҲǳص˫иô˵Ѿǳʵ
Ǳ߳ﻹûлɫѾޱȡ
ǿЩָΣգҲԱ֮
ʱ򣬵ü࿴һۣǰ˵λҲ֮ǰû뵽ģ˭֪ǹҹĵطǱϵأҲ̸ˣܻžңʲô飿
Ϊӳ鶼ô˵ˣǾǳĵλپոյͻΧѾнĹǣ鲻϶УжȻҪ
ڹϣҲûƴǣֱӵǰ죬Ҫʱ·һ԰ȫĵطҵһЩԭ·ǲеģܻϣ񣬲ǲȥɣ¸޴̸𣬰ڵֻܾܿܽһˡ
ľȻΨǴӣüҲôգϢƬ̣ͬʱһͷõ￨ƬٻһЩūͣȻʼ·
һƬΣ򣬿ܾۼضϰٹг˵ĹǾ鼫Ϊḻĵ鶼Щ粽Уʱ·Ѿ
һҲֺɫΣľ飬˿̸պϣ˶ܹΣ֮󣬾ǵüҲǳ׵ķˡ
ʵǿӵС顯ǿūͣҰľһָüоʨǣû˭ӵַḻľ顣
ָоͬܳһʱ䡣
Ǿķ㣬ҪҲǻ̵ֵĹߣȻֻǶǷˣһǲݣڵòҪǣ
ͣ£ҪЩɫϵĹʵʴԪͨ˳ûϵһܿɿڣǾ߳ȥ̽ԪʴΪͨˣ
𶯣ǰֻƬ壬ǧСģЩѾͬڶǳܴܿﵽļĳ̶ȣ·ԲҪƬأ
һ·ϣϵˣ֮ˣԼ˵ֱ֪ͬСѧһ
ľǳƺҲ֮ǰֵܣ֣ڵ硣
磬ǸôߣʱҲָͣ⴦Σĵطߴһٲ֮ǰΪԺСĴһֻڰĹһֳ鷳
ʱҲԳ˵ٶȺʵһǸɱŽΣҲǴǸʱ˲֪ʵ
˵ǣǵüҲһ֮ǰƽȡ̬ȣùࡣ
ЩֻҲΣǿߣӦõ𾴣£Щеǿߡ
̫ɽʱ˲ŸݵͼҵһȷǴ˿̵ľλá
Զһͷɽ壬ü۶ߵĳָŵͼӦþһɽ壬ڵλӦһƬû뵽ǻԵɺϣȻǽģػ߿ƬҲԶˣ
Ȼüûһε
ֻ£͵ѾûʲôȨˣŷֻһˡ

£ֻͷ˲Żĺ;ȥ˵ˣüԼҲôΪһʱ̫ˣüãֻҪڣûн˵⣬ʵͼʶԿŵʨǰ
ֻΨһֵ£ʵһˣΪ֮ǰĬĬ
˵ȻҲȥʡ
ȻҲü˼˵ʵҵػ߿ƬԸģϾʨǸĽʵ̫ˡ
ʱһ΢촵мһ˿Źֵζ
ζܵûκβֻһ㶣ԭزҪȥȥ
˵ٳһԵ֣Ƭ̾ʧ١ֻĿɿڴļˣٶȣͬΪߵĵҲͬǣһҲóȻδ֪ɭ֣ȴҡ
˿˳һζټŵһζʱ֪ʲôˡ
Ѫľ
ѪľζһȥʨΧѰѪľҫСԺ˴ţʱһߣû뵽ٴθܵѪľζ
Ԫľ͸֧δܺѪľϹʵڵ֭ҺͿԻָȻˣȻǲܷŹ
ֻһٿ񱼣ԽߣһζԽأʮӺһ޴ɽ£·ӿֱһһ޴ɽгһĹһ㣬һѷ졣
ѷ£һ۾ͿһѪľ
һֻ̣оϸڲͼûмѪľһͲֹһμһ˵Ѫľ߶Ȳᳬʮףﵽʮ׵ѾǸ߼ѪľĹʵЧѾǷǳˡ
Ǵ˿̣׸ߵѪľ
޴ޱȣǴѷĵײֱ˶ˣðһʣһ꼫ƷѪľԿѪľϻεĹʵ
Щʵа˶ߣ·һƿӣĶŨĺɫҺÿһζֵơ
ɣһıأ˾޴Ѫľ˵û˵ֻûɥʧȥ֪ԼǰǱɡ
ڹ˵ѪľʵڵĽҺǼĲƷһѪľϵĹʵûм٣ںɫ򼸺Ƿ˼֪Ⲣϡ棬ΪѪľһּΪֲɱ¾
ھһѷа׵ľͣǰǺǣЩͼѪľʵЩµġ


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ѪľΧһ޴Ĺأ򣬶ѻʬһһ㣬ѷµʬǻࡣ
вжĺǡ
Ҫ֪ѾǷǳֲĴˣ֮ǰʯˣɭ棬óȻѪľĹΧҲ
Ѫľһͬ֩һ鲼Χ׷Χ֮ڣκι￿ЩܵĹ
һѪľĹٸһ·һ٣߻ûзӦʱ򣬾ͽסȻļ̴ƱƤʳѪ⣬ճΪѪľ֡
ҪտƬ޴ѪľֵȼΪ޴Ѫľٴﵽ弶ı׼
ǰ֪ԼóȻǰǳΪЩǵһԱ
ֻⲢʲô뿪ȻѪľ˵ʲôҲҪŪһЩôȻ൱弶ľѪľսûôɵѪľȻǿޱȣԽɱļǲˣǵء
ԶЩҡҡλεѪľʵΪ۲Ǳ˭֪ЩѪľʵҺļֵ־ѪľĹʵҺԲԪǸˡ
۲ʮӣҵֶ󣬾Լаҵľ롣ɢֻΪݻ飬Ȼȡᣬץš֩롯еŲ֩뿨ƬˣָԺ滻࣬رҪ£ܲܵõѪľȴȫˡ
ŵԪֻ֩붼ٻ˳
һһţ˵һҰҵһѪľ뾡취뵽һΣϵ͵ժʵİ취
Ǿÿ֩ϵūΧ֯һŴͿԱܿѪľֻּҪϣո۲Ѱ֯
ѡõǰм͹ľ޺ǣԵ֧ŵ㣬ΧһЩľÿ̳һ
£͸ֻ֩´ֻ֩㿪ʼ֯
ʵϻбõİ취Ǿǻ÷Ƭֻӵз󣬿ڿժȡֻпƬǳϡ٣ٶļķ²ܻãڿԵķūͣǾ͸ˡ
ȻԷųķԼժȡֻҲǼѪľǲȶķѹҲ״ǣ˵ķأ˿̻ڿϢС
ܿ죬ֻ֩֯һŴֱͨѪľ׵ĵط֩˿ܼͣһԾȥһ£ܳ
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ǰߵĺСģҲ˳ԽǰΧ͵µԽ࣬ЩͬȽĴһֻҪ΢һ£ͻһʱ˵ֻһߣļߣҲɡ
˿ȴûôֻ࣬ǼΪСģܼĵطСĶڣͨ˾Ѫľֻ׵
ﵽ۴ڣЩ˵ˮƿιʵ͹ЩС
˿ĭȫûŵĵطеҪһЩûϣժȡѪľ
⣬ΣյḶ́Բ񣬶пܴȻǱɡ
ֻ֣ǰûǣԼҪȥǲܵģ亹ˡ
ЩѪľȻջ󣬵֪ǴԼһôԼԸҪѪľ
ѵûбİ취ˣ˿̽ʾ֭ЩֵǵѪľͽǰȴûа취õָоץӸˡ
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£뿪˿ʱ䳤Ҳ࣬ͻȻѣǾȫˡ
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𣡡һֲ˻ɽ֣ڰףҲͷۻ˲ЩΪĴеΧǰ·˺ܶࡣ
ᣬԵĻᣬǧĻᣡͫһǺԥһԾ׾룬һŲѪľִϡ
ΧȥΧٶ㿪˼ߵһѪľ£γ֮Уֱһ̴һʵ
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أ
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ոձƵѪľѾܿҲȡһתص֩ϡ
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ȻϵɲѪľִмļ̣ҲԵֵ󣬷Ҳֻܾ
˿̵Ѿǿ˳֩ܣΧڱܶСĶܣ֮ܵ֡
Σյʱ򣬼ǲͷƤͱӹȥٵҲųһ亹
ڣоյܵȫ


ʮ ֯
˿̼Ϊ˷ܣܵõѪľԳԤϣԭΪԼܵõһѾ׬ˣȻǵõ
ң⻹ǾѪľĹʵԶͨѪľʵᲢۣ˵Ѫľļֵ޷ýǮŵ磬һԪԸƵġ
еĿϲŷ֣ԼԪѾ֪ԭ32λԪ˿̾Ȼﵽ35λ
֮ǰû뵽ģֶѪľȻԪЧʵʼֵҪֻ֪ܿʱƣѪľҺԪԽԽС󵽺Ӱ졣
ˣҲܿɹ󣬸˵ϵ˿ҲȬ
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ͷһҲǸпĲпᣬȥʱͻȻڷصһԲʮ׵ĵطһ
ҲѪľȻѪľΧֲչ˽Ҳ̲סȻĶ
Χ֯һûпܶǸȥʬ壿
ͷһ֣԰ѹȥֽ׶޵еĴڣϵʱڸǲɱõʬ壬һƤֽ׶ν޵еĻס
Ķˡ
ܿ˾֪ϵʱˣƤҲᱻһһԱж
ʼʩֻ֩Χֲ֮֯һž޴֩һԴӽʬ壬ֻҪܽʬ
֩㻨һСʱŽ֯ã棬ʬڽӽ
˿̣ʬϻÿһ϶г̲һޱȵļ̣ϵʳŷѪ⡣
һͷƤһ飬ʱ֪ѪľĿֲôһһĹȻһƤңѪǶʳɾˣѾɱ˴롣
ھʬλãץż֩˿ȻԼ御һ̽Ѿβ͡
ɲһ㣬ԼĪƵľ룬һ׼ǰ̽ʱ֧һ֩˿ȻͻȻѡ
û֧ŵ㣬˲ʧȥƽȥ
ʱԶһǹ졣
ݣѻǹһƬհף֩˿Ǳǹϵģʱ˼ģΪѾȥ
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Ƿʬ壬Ѫľ٣ֻҪһ㣬ͻᴥЩĺҲͬǷһΪʬ壬Ѫľֽʳá
а취һҲ룬ֻʶ֧ʬϡ
ǣĵطպǼٵĿ϶Ȼֻɲ֮䣬ǶѾǶߵȴ㹻ȷķӦ
۹Ȼ֧ͬһֻϺһµһѶȵķڶȻ۾϶˫Ųȥ
˿䵽˷ʬϣ˫ŲŵĿ϶֮䣬˵ΣٻûбЩ
ٶȼĸӣٵУͬʱȥκһ˵Ѷȼߣ֪Լ
ո֧Լ˿Ǳ˴ϵģԷõǾѻǹȻԷҪԼ±ѪľɱûлԼֻǴ˿
ԷԼû϶ṥʱԼûһ˿һĻᡣ
˿̱ΣȷԷһȷϡ鷳ǣΧپͬѹһ˵䵽˾κεһĺ
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˲侲µһ¾ҪסԲܻš˿ΧһƶҪȽ鷳
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Ƭ̣ԶһӰԿ϶ոշǹľˡֻܱâٵУԼϢȫ
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۶Է⻹⣬ܷŹˡ
ջ˲֩룬ٻһֻ飬ȻǸ뿪ķ׷ȥ
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þѻǹߣͬϢףֱһŮУһϳӵϢǿͫһ˾Ȼһߡ
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ĪѪľʵĽҺԣѪľʵĽҺҲЧ鲻Ƕߣʶ㣬̲˲ԡ
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˾ѵȴ֪ػе塯ʵԶػصĵطŲᱻһ׽Ϊˣػ߲֮ܳΪػߡ
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ǻǿɫѾѿ˼㣬˿ŭЦãܺãְҺһǿô˵Ҳ㣬ʮӺҪǰңŲţ
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˵ʮȻûбԼ˵ʵʨǾӵľҲȲϡ֯ˣ֯˶ǿɱôںЩˡ
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⻪ǿܳΪӵһСֶӳʵҲףȻֻһߣսѾ͡
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γ֮УǰһžһǿһѿԳƵƷϼѵĳӦϡ
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ΪҲɱ㣿Ųţ˵һϻԴڻǿ𣬺̸ܵһɱ⡣
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˭û˵꣬ͱ߽һƴڵأĿɿڴעߵǰ¶һ˼ı顣
ֵܣ˼ҲǸոյŶ֪ǿһץ㣬Եһʱ͸˹ôû°ɣʽ飬һ仰˲䲻֪ʯ˶ˡ
Ʒɺ˿ֻоɽǱΪ˶ԷԮû뵽ھӵλߵ˻˿
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ǸһĸʱҲǹԹվһߣٶ˵һ仰
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ֵܣľλ֤ұģȻˣҾ˳ˡʨǹίԱˣʨǹѫʿĳƺţ


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ЩҲһůʨǵһѣһʼֻΪԷǿԼǱʵԷĽԼѡ


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ʱһȴһЩŤͷһԶĵ·ϣҡҡλε߹Ӱ


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Ե壬ϼѾû˲Ƭȴڹؼλһɫĳף־ԵĴ⼸ȻǳϤĳˣǵڶ̬ġ
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⼸ֻҲϢ֮䱻ɱ⣬Щڶ̬ĳˣǹ
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ݳǰУ·ߵԽԽ֮࣬·ԵĽҲǴ޵Уȵ˸䣬Ѿǵһֵϡ
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ðķɵо䣬سн٣һЩССﵱΪҰƣΣٺŻᷢԿ϶Ҫעһ㡣
֮⣬ٻֻūͣΪԪٻĶǿԴ̻򵽵ū͡
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磬һǿʳʱǱڵĵ˲ҰĹԼʥԡ硯ǿǻ
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ʻʮһֵУһصɽ˽ȥһƬûʲôǿﶼ٣ڱԵ򣬵ʮʺʱ򽣼Ƭ


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ķ˳ȥȻһЩʯ֦ϣһѷɽ
һ׼֮ȡһŽƬ
ҪһֿƬȻҪõԪһȡһƿѪľҺȻ͹˼¶ǡ
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ڶнʽḶ́ɱΣٶٿ죬ҲѶܣֻǿѹ֮£˺̵ܶʱ˵ڶнʽ½֮£ΧƬƬһνâжʮ֮
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һͷͿһ֫Ϊ׳û˫һ֡ȷΪ̵ס޴ͷ­֫ǵı־ΪҪǷУǵĹ׻ӼӲͺأÿһƬۼף඼ʮأڵ棬Ҳ𲻵κЧ
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޴ĵһ鲣ĺͬһ涼˾ҵ𶯡
ڶԷеʱԽ۾һգ۲ĲȻֻһλᣬǱǲɹʣ罫е˼򽣼ϡ
۾һգɰͰʽֻܾò˺ܶ࣬ʽѶȱǰʽҪʮǸʮʮʩչĻᣬҲδա
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ѵֻǰʽ𣿡뵽ʱһѵĴ¥Լʥ޽ն罣âĳͻȻԺС
һ˲䣬һ⣬Ҳ룬ϣѸնһ


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ȡѪľҺ͹˼ڣյԪʼָ
ʱԶͻȻһҵ춯ĳֹŹֵ˻ʹѵ죬ڰҹɫԵʮͻأ
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ܿ죬֪Լᰢķˡ
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صһسڵϣľֱӱҶϡ
пڴ⻬ޱȣճҺŵȫһɹŻȳ岻Ťײ˲ľͣһ
Ŀɭʬ壬ʱԼһֲնɱ
ոʩչ½һԾʮλԪЧӹɡ


ڰʮ ׹
ŵϵʬ壬˵˷ǼٵģҪ֪ŵĿɭ棬󲿷־ֻߵǿڣȴǱԼնɱ
ʥеĽ֮ǿҲǼʶˣֲһǸýе˶ƾƽƣϾɱĽ˭ӡ
ʽǰʽѾ֪жôԶǰʽĵʽֻжǿ
мȷһʼԼʩչʽ罣ôɭ˲ͻᱻԼɱ
ʯˣҲ϶ԷͬԼĽ֮¡
ʼһֱȱһְȫУ˿̣ΥİȫֻˣӵʽԲǱ
עŵɭʬϣΪɭȻ񡮾ϵ͡ϵϡ٣ҲеϴڣϵġƤǳϵȵĲϡ
֮⣬ɭλҲǼֵƣֶȻŹֱӽسʬߡ
ڰ֮¡˿Ҳ˹ŵǰķ֪ĶŪ塣
ֻа׶೤ϸ˿̲ϵŤֻ¡Ŀ£޷ѡ
壬֪֮ǰɭʬ壬ļֵһ˵о߽ɭѵūͣһַǳٵΪɭصԣΣգҲԴصΣա
˵׳ļֵ޿ɹ
ԪѾﵽ˷ǳߵһ̶ȣ˰ʱ䣬ʱ򣬳ɹһֻɭ忨Ϊ￨
ϧ̬ɭûκιҪΪ塯ܷӳսҪϵԪι߿ԪιҲԪι￨õ鿨ᣬ᲻Ԫ￨ҪСһҪǧŵԪҪʱܽЩԪա
ĿǰңһԪ
һ°ķ״̬ڳ˯ָУûʲô󰭣ֱӼݳʨǡ
Ƭͻή٣ԻȥһЩ׼
ʨͬǣʨ½ɵĳǽܣѾáػߡƬļ̨̨ȳǽҪ߳ףרŵʯᣬڻ᲻ϷóԪֻҪеܼ̾ػ߽зء
ʱʨǿ˵ѾҪķϵ֮ǰü˵ʨǵԪȵһԪʧ֮ʨǾͲٰȫйϮ
£൱ע
Ȼʨж٣ҲԪԴͷü˵ʨǵѡַ͵µԪйϵصصĿԱʨǵԪʱ̽һ£ֻʱں棬ҪģƬ
صԼıûмƷɵˣֻСһ˿ңһʲ֪һƬٵĴѾй¶˳˵ϢʨоǺܿɿġ
͵һٲͬǣһƬѾܣһЩӵľ߻ͨԪĲԤƬٵĴ
ƷѾ˸˹ȥϾƬھ˵ջ̫󡣶ƷѾ»λСת
С滹ĿǰʨʵŶӶ½ϵǸ
ϵ³ʦǣԷͨѶ޷ͨƣǿ϶ҲȥƬ׹
˿С棬Сӱǰ˺ܶ࣬СĴ̫󣬴˿̵С棬һָС
С棬ôȥʵ
Сûж룬ֱӵҸովѣδ˵һҪʵһҪ㣬Ծûȥ
˵ͷС֪ǳ֪ˣʵס
磬컹һҹ㣬˵˵ֱȥƬΪҲȥСʲôƵļæ˵
˵ͷһѧ˷ɵգӦԷæһŶƬȻҲȥˣҲ㵢ˡ
ȵ켫̻ᲹһЩ￨ԪƬ˿̵Ԫھ߹ỹ켫̻Ŀ涼ܽţҲֻ˶ʮţǳʱڳҲ
ȻСһݳǰһƬٵ
һ·پ߶ǸͬķȻ֪Ƭ׹ĵصΣ򣬶϶쳣ң޷赲ǵ飬ϾƬջʵ̫ˡ
ȥһٶ๫֮ǰһļĺһ֪ҢӡǷָϱһҪۣӿףԭڼٹ֮мֻͨѷ֮󣬴󲿷Ŷƻֻһ
һţȻͳ˸ͨҢӵΨһͨ
ֻ˿̣ŵһˣȴǾۼźѹѹһƬˣӣǧˡ֪ʲôȴǿպÿмԭ·ȴǵιֵܣҲǴȥƬһȰȥģʨʮŶӵ迨ͨۼ䣬ЩһҪ֣ģֱ
˵һߣҲûʲô취һԵͬǵˣ˼ȭͷֻ˳ӣֻǮˣȵ¸¿ܻܲǮһƬɣ
䣬óֻһӥСӲľСӣûйϵûбȻǲʨʮŶӡ
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˴Ųŷ֣ŵڴվһ¡
ףͶƣǿֲɱ֮һ¡ūͣʮŶģЩ¡ڣ˭Ҵ
¡վʮߣЩ¡ٻģǰ棬վʮˣЩʮŶĴʮŶ֮˹š
Χͣʮ϶ӣػǹڵǹܺһŻƲӲӵӵɢһɱ֮
ЩͬʮŶӵˡ
ȻһƬ׹¶ֻ֮ҪһߣȥһƬ̫࣬עһʵ
Ǿɮ١
ȻʵǿʮŶӣһ𣬴ȥʱƬ䣬ʮŶӾͿԾ֡
֪ĴţЦһʮŶ޿ɺǣԼҲ뾺̫࣬һʵΪ磬ֻֿ࣬١
ֻɲһףôҪƬ
ֳǧ߾ۼҪͨţֻʮŶӵ˸ù˫˵ţۼʵǧҲǳصģǺԣûһҺʮŶģֻ˵С


ڰʮ 
ƾʲôǹȥֱ̫ԵˣΪ˶࣬Ҳ٣ֵŽһҾͲʮŶӵ˸ҷŭǶ֣һµľ߷ŭĺţĶΧľߡ
棬վһɫ䣬ƤЦⲻЦˣȴԵ˵úãһƬ٣һȷѪᣬǹȥҲΪǺãΪƾʵˮ㣬ȡƬΣǹȥҲûаֻᣬʶĸϽȻĺ
⺺Աһɧ
Сӵ˵ȻֻһߣȴԺͶƴ൱˵СӵĺĳԱҳֺһݽɫȺУϳһʱ侹Ȼû˸Ҵ𻰡
һʼ˵ЩﲻסˣȴǰһϣҾͲǸҶ֣
㿴Ҳң˻ҪĶȴɱӿֱ֣һſƬһŻȥ

һߣûϼѵĻףп϶Ǳɡ
Ҳ׼֣ԷʩչͬȡſƬ
һſƬʩչһԪ֣Լסһȴٻһͷܣųȥ
ԪϣûЧԪҲʧ
˸ЦȴǿѾһѹеһӽ룬
ã˼æγһѳǹ䣬ϵĻƷԲӵֻһƬ𻨡
һ̣һ˴ǹնΣֳһƬѪȣ˶ǾǱһָסˡ
£в뿪ûߵˣҲһԥٹ롣
ҲǰǺֶΣһɱ￴Чˡ
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ʱͻȻһ
㣿
һ㶣ͷһȻ߰˸ˣһףӢˬŮԼǾϲ
ŶԷҲ죬ܿŮ˲Լʨǵ·ǸѧôӣӦҲǴһѧʨվȽˡ
ߵ߰˸һǵȺѧеˣȻһʱǵҲ˾ˡ
գһЦǻĻ
ߣһɵŮɴ۾ȴС㣬ʶˣϴκ˵ģǸļһٶȿ죬ҵλã
ŮʶȻҲ֪һ켫̻ʱΪٶȿһЩŮλãԶԷ϶̡
һС磬׼ûòҵľˣ
˵꣬ҲͷС磬ֱߵǰ˰ֵϴлл㣬ʽʶһºôҽգǷҶСӵĶӳ
һŮ֣ҲðףȴסԷ֣һ
оյַǳ˵޹ǣֻûжһ¾ɿˡ
ҾͽˣһЦѾ֪һǽɽһˣºһ·ǵʨǣȻԷϲϰæȴ֪Էˡ
ѷ֮ĶǶթ˽Ϊ治ֶΣǵһʮĽȻصƷ£ȴر
ǻѾ·ϣ֮ҲʨվȽųһСˡ
ֻղ֪ʱҲֻ˳ֶΪûԼʩԮָʲôΣԼ˵
ɵСӽҶۺʵƷɵӥСӣڳĴ߶ҪǿȻûа취ͨš
յΪˡ
˿ҶСӵĳԱ󲿷ֶŮߴߴرֻ֣ûпվڼԶĵطһм
һһŮеƺΣ׷գǰͶԼ϶Сƨһʶ
һŮù龫֣òգ˻ЩȴͬһмĿԼһЩ⡣⵹Щ֣ȷԼŮǵһμ档
ҲĹעЩ֪϶ҲΪƬǡ⵹Ϊȴ֪ƬĹУѪޱȣҶСҲպǸεʵԣȥֻ
ˣ磬ҲΪƬ𣿡ʱʵ˵ͷ˭ΪƬ
տһȻȴһ
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ǽĻҲû˵ڡ
ʱԶʻ˻⼸ϻŵͼȴסڲԡ
ܿ죬ͣӳ˶ʮߡ
ǰһֻһ߼Ĺͷӣȥʮ꣬ȻӲߣƼǿ֮һɫ֣Ȼһۡ
ˣȴ΢΢һ㶣û뵽һˡ
Ȼһʶģ˭ֻ֪֪ĴºŽ塯˳硣
˵ʨǵһͼǼǲαĽĽΪ߶һֵܡʨǵУ˵һ
ű߾ۼľ߿ˣóһײľ˭֪ţݣͨӦûʲô⣬Ҳȥǻ뿪Ƚǡ
˵Ŀⶼе˶ϡ
˿̣ڶ󻹸һˣȻǵ׼ǵĺƤڶҲֺ۾һɨܿͷǡ
Ҳ˵ƤжãֻʵںۣŮ߱Ͳ࣬ôƯľ͸٣Ȼһ۾Ϳˡ
ƤܿͿվߵ

Ƥɫһϴνٵ£ʱԷţȷǽסˣ֮һΪ²֪˸ڿģúƤʮûӡ
ٿգ¾뱨뵽߼ߣС˵˼䡣
Ƕһ㶣৵һɨϡ


ڰʮ Ҵȥ
Ƥ˵˼ٽҵţȻߵ𣿡͸һɰڳΪ֮ǰһӳ
Ƥæһ˿ϷʣܿܳһԹˡ
Ķ͸ʮ׵ľ룬Ŀոɨĵطûһ˸֮ӣĴ󺺣ǽСĵŮ߶һ⡣
ǣһֱԼǳ˲κС磬ڶ£ʶĽƿ
һ䵽ϣֻȴǷ·ûһؿŶ壬ݡ
ʱ䣬ջĿ⣬ȴǻͷԺƤ߰ɣ̹;˵ûʲô˵ģˣ
Ƥˡ
û뵽һ仰ܶô˵ֻľҲٶ˵ʲôֻʮֱĵ˵ͷȻ
Ŷűߣ
Ȼǲ¶壬һ廹ȹһΣҲ˵ʵϻǷ˶Էһ飬ֻ岢֪ѡ
һΪԼöȣǸʱͶһһ¡
һţԼдѵĻԽ黹ȥ
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˶ΪԶݺ͵λҪͨţʮŶҲøһЩӣû뵽ʮŶӸ˭Ӷ
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˶֮⣬ŵĶʮ߶ˣһɫȻǿûкˣҲֻӲŶѡ
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ճµĺҲûж˵վҲҴ˵
˭ôôţƣҽѵоСʵ
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һΣҲ֪ۼΧʱڸϹȥ˵Ұס
뵽һԵյŵĻ͸ңʵʸȥȡƬˣҵĽǸ˵һʵȥҲΪڻң
˲İﲻʲôǴţӦûǿģܲᵽƬͿ컯
ʣ⻰Գ˵ԤϣκǸСһ㶣ȻЦ
ҳ˵ղЩҲ̫˰ɣҲ̫ԴˣܹţܴżգĪΪʮŶӵǰֻʮŶӵĶӳֱЦһʼûл˵ʱǴ˻ֱ˵
ǰ㣬˶˱һĵľôܹţʱڵĹڶǧСҲǼæȰӣǹա
ʵϣͬ뷨˲ΧľĻʮֿЦ˲Ƿ˾ɵˣƣеʵŶӣͨʮŶѾſģǹίԱᡢ߹ֻ켫̻˲ֿܡ
ȻúЩ˽ͣյң͸žˣ
˵ֱ꣬ŵķȥ
մ˿мΪԥһҧŤͷκСǵңҲԻʨǡ
˵꣬ȥ
ĺܼ򵥣ȥлᣬȥһλᶼûˡ
Ϊϴ󶼱ܾţȻҲٴùͷôһȻԵʮۡ
ƣһģ
ûˣֻһˣ治֪ôģû綼Ϻǣ󻹸һŮĪ㽫ǸŮ͸Է
Χľ߹ţҲߣ߳ʹ䡣
˾Լùʱ˵ǿ˱ù
ҿСӲǸƭӣһһӣƤ߹ȥҲС˵͵ſù
ʮŶӵҲе˲мЦеüҡͷ
ȥ˵ٸҿɱۣûжԸɶ壬ǲˬ߹ҲֱӺ


ڰʮ ʲô
̾ͺˡ
ͬ蹷һ㣬Ǽ˾ҧ֮ǰһﻹһڿֱһСˡ
ɲʲô˵˾һߣҾһɣһʲôĶ
˵ͬʱǰƺûнһ⻰֪Ҫ㣬һֱҲɫ԰ףá
ȻȻŭʮŶСӵĺĳԱλĸߣƽ˭ǼЦмӣ
һѹеֱӳһɱ˵һͨˡ
Сģռæ󺰣ֻٶȸ죬պԷĵ浽ͷһиļХӣһնɱ
ֻһ£ͨߣǵͨľߣλھ߶Ĵڡ
ӭһЦһҲֱȡ̧֮־һһûжýˣҲǺƾķֱӽһѹеնΪأ֮ȥƲһָնڵء
һУֳʤ
ֻܿһ⣬Ķ
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ʱʮŶӵ˲ŷӦСӵս𣬿һͽʵסҲĿɿڴ󲻾ϲ¶ŨŨս⡣
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Сֵܲ򵥣Ƥ˹ʺˣҿûеȻʮԴģ˿Ц˵ĺƤǾѵٲҶ˵һ仰
ЦСӵ֣ʵǿĲţԼżＸ˶ԷһԼԴҡ
˿ҲӦ֪Լˣ벻˾Ȼһز¶ĸ֡
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ֳֿ֮Уûһ˿⡣ȻҶ־Ͳ£ӲһһָҲ̱ն䣬һ£۵ŤޱȣȴٲҶ˵ֻѾ͸һɳǵĺ⡣
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£һȺ¡ǰΧסͬʱΧŵػǹҲ׷ǹ˨׼
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Ƕ˿˵ߣˣĪֻ׼ʮŶɱˣͲ˼𣿡
£һСӵ壬¶ûϵٶ죬Сһʰˣ㣬Сȴϣ
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£ʮŶӵɫЩˣһλߣҲ
ʱǱܹһˣȴܹ磬ô£
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ս֮ǰס֣ʮŶӵ˶˻
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Ϊ˵˿Ҳɵˣû뵽ȻǾλߡ
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ΪСǶӳӣȴ֪λӳֻλӳ׷ȨҾ⣬ٻһƬλӳ˵ǻˣλӳ֣ȷţսҲλӳĶ֡
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˵⻰ͬʱͻȻǰһһȭ
ϣԪǿֱܻҪǿ׳ٶȴǿ쵽˼飬ֻգ֮䣬ԼȭͷѾš
һԵŵôʧɫʵֹ
Ȼ΢΢һ㶣ܿͿкɱб֪ôˣսΪսһеˣֻҪֶҪ뷨дһ£ԣԷոտԼһסо˺ö֮ġ
Ȼǲ壬ֱӽһԣҲһȭ
սҲǶߣҲҪռƣԪо̸ķɵھͽƬ໥ںϣõԪϣӳֵȭͷϣֱӺͳȭͷһ
أ
һۿɼԪͬĲ˿ɢֱӱһƵ׿⣬Ϊ³ͻȻȴǱȭײ˸ʺ
ֻоԼ·һϽǽϣֱ۷飬սȻⲻ֪ĳǾû뵽Էȭȭû뵽ǣԼֱ۾ʹޱȡ
ľǼһȻûпʣʽʶһ£Сӵĳ𣬼ȻӵʨǵľλȻǿͨƢŹ֣˵ֻдһ˲ʸֵܣոûжѡԼȭѾӮ˳ء
ڳУֻǿ߲Ӯͬɾһλǿߡ
ûпһۡ
ߴӵԹĿһۣ˵һ仰ֱ뿪ԷҲˣֱһϾʮŶӵˣֳʮŶӵ˶ڣԼɱ˶ԷֱӴʮŶӵˣȻǲոճһȭҲԼΧ˼ڳԼһŭ֮ɱ϶ԿԲۼİԼһѡ
ԺҪԼ鷳ҲֱӳԷ


ڰʮ سǱ
뿪ǳܲٱǸҪҵƢһ䣬һҪССӣǸֻһС㣬СӵĶӳҲûʲôСӳȴǷǳĽɫ
˵꣬ת뿪
ų뿪ıӰ֪Էһ仰һָ룬ֻȻҲЩСˡ
ոһȭʵǿûԷʵҲֻǱȰӰֻʬǿһЩǰҲ˿壬˵˽ಫ֮ڣаսɱ
ֻҲųֶΣСӣ֪ʮŶĵСӣʵȻӹɣ˵СӵӳʵǿҲ
ΪľλݣȻǿͨţҲܱȥʱŤͷǱߵĶҲɣ
ǶһȻʮ־ȣ׷ǹʣԷΪҪԼȥֻ岢Ѷ֮ˣ֪һᣬҲûоܾ˽˼ֱ߹
һǷһ飬ôҲǻһЩҶΪȣҲֵýύ
һĳĽޱȵ۹ͨ˴š
ĴȥˣСĿɿڴĿſŵ૵˵һ䣬һԵҲǱոյ龪˵ȻǸ벻ݺ
ݳͨţܿ쵽ŵһˣһǰ·ţһƽƽԭش˼ͿԿǰһƬɽ
ǵ͵ʯɽԶԶȥͬһ޴ϡ
ʱ֪ͣԷлҪ˵ǿ˹ȥ
磬ǿȵˣǰ첻֪ȥĶˣҺƷǾȳ˵ƽôŵļһﲻǶָͷƨҷţʵʹ죡ҲˣȻ˵ûʲô˼ɡ
ʣͽ⼸췢¶˳Ϻ˽Ĳࡣ
ֻ棬Ҳ֪ġ
磬֪ʮŶӵΪʲôҪ˰סţ׼ͨ߹ȥ˵˸ӡ
ѵΪƬû˵һԶѾˡ
ٺһЦҡͷƬֻһ棬˵ûйίԱ;߹ͷʮŶҲЩ£ʵϣʮŶҲǱίԱᵱǹʹ֮طЩǵ˵طһǰ֪ϾһҪĶʵЩ˼ҵһοҲһ
ò˵潫˵ĺĸȻһͷˮƺ뵽ʲô¶һ˿ɻͲȷ
λСֵܣ㵹˵ʲôʵҲһ档
Լɹĵθڣ˵ǲţǰһſƬֱǱߵɽϣǲôţǿƬȻǱһ޴ĳǱǱֿƬǼ𣿵ʱʮŶӺ͹ίԱԼ߹ľһʱ佫ǸǱռ죬˵Ϊ˲ˣôռˣܴ󣬾סǧ˾û⣬ҵڣǶûȫǱڲ͸ίԱѾ㽫ﵱʨǵһݵ㣬ʱȻҪܡǱֵλãպһƬٵУ͸ˡ
ϵһǱƬľߣȥҲʵЩ췽ҹ̷
ʱ
Ǳ˵뵽һļ䣬ֻһ仰ȻСˡ
һ㶣ҿ磬ԭ֪ˣһһأǳǱĴϣд֣ԹίԱѾʽǳǱΪˡ
ʶԼˣȴЦЦû˵Ѿ˼ıˡһʱͲֹһ˵ǱֻǸʱ֪Ǳʲôʱֵģ֪ʨǹίԱǹϢ
ֻһҲ˵ǱĸִţʵʨӵǱʱҲǼ£Ϊ֮Ǳͱǻռˡ
һȻǱˣôȥһһЩģ˵ܻһЩ⾪ϲ
ߣǰ·ǸǱ˿мȴк̳
ʻܿ죬Ȼڰɽһ޴ĳǱȺ
˿ҫۣպÿԽǱȫòչֳȷǷǳ׳ۣȫɾ޴שʯɣ޴ǽһּΪر𺳣ֻҪ뵽һǱȻǴ˭е˼顣
һǱʨǷƣɽͣϰʮŶӵΧԱɽ°Ӫ˶Ʒɵˡ
ҲˣƷ൱ˣǷǿֻҪڣôʲô鷳Ҳӭж⡣
˿ＸʮŶӵˣԣǵȴƬĽ٣ڰɽϵǸǱʵϸǹϵΪ˭֪ǳǱֻɹίԱơ
磬ƷɣҾȻСӱˣʲô¾ȥСӵפң˸кҲ뿪ˡ
ܽƷǴѾǲˣƷɵӥСֻƾɵ񣬸ȲʮŶӵפءӥСһЩ⡮ϵľҲ٣Ҳһģ
ȻҪúóﻮ賿ʱĶῨƻڴ֮ǰҪȥǱһˡ
ľѻ֮Ҳûʲôȵ٣˵ǻĶ֣˭֪֮ͷ϶ֲǣãܸ㵽ôһҲǴ׬
պͶϢǶִмҲâҲ֪ʱ٣ҪƴᣬԶȭȻֵ֪ΪʲôôƵ壬ͳ飬彫Ȼر
ʱҲǹüΪƽ󲿷ʱ䣬ǶСԪͬʱ򵽵¡׼Ϊսʿ
ʱĺܿ죬ȵϦ£ɫʼ谵ʱС˳˷Ѿһ׼ֻ٣֪һƬȻԶΪҲ
ЩҪĿꡣ
ʱ仹磬ȥһǱͶƷԼǴк뿪ˡ˿̣ɽ·ίԱľ߰أʮŶӵҲȥȴѲȵɽȡӰʵ廯ϣȻԪ֪ɽ


ڰʮ Ѫսʿ
·ؿӺѾվǱǰ
뿴һǱָоҲǷǳ𺳣ĳ̶ֳ˵һǱѹһƷ
ڴͬڹίԱľ߿أ֮⣬ѪԷҵս
סͨǱǽǽʮ׵ľ룬ߴʮף滹ӴĽȺҲ֪жٸ䡣˿ǽǽ֮䣬ûüʰʬ壬Щʬ嶼װģ죬ԣǺ֩벿һǻ
ֻЩȫֳкܶʨǵľߣмһ־þӸλˡ
ίԱ𣿡ڽ䣬ЩˣҲǾȲѡ
ʨǵĹίԱᣬһֱľɴѰ߱˵û˵ǵһϢ
Щж˾Ӷ࣬мʮģмףھҲڵӻ￴
˿ֲ֪ܽʨǣͳϽ͹˵ľۼأΪǱͲ²⣬ʨǵĳ֣ھʱжˡ
˼һǹίԱίԱΧдľ߻һɫȫǶߣм˵Ϣоһļ¡
⵱Уķ˵ӰԶԷʨǾһӳݣЩ˵ҲֻվΧ
ʱ򣬻ڼίԱߵһƺȻͷӰ֮
оʱһʯ棬оѣԼŰҹ£ԷܲһʨǵеǲԻ
ôˣһίԱߵľ״ʵ
Ǹʮͣݸ㣬һǳõľ񣬴˿ȴûʲôҵĴ
Ȼˣǰ˰ֳ֣ǹеľԱ̳嵽ǰӰʲôûз֡
˿̣ѾϢĽ뵽һ򿪵ĲŵС
֪ԼϹŵġʿƺҲǸͷûʲôʵ壬ﱻίԱ˷֣ǿ϶ͻ϶ҲǰﲻæȻ͵͵̽һǱþ֪
棬û˿ֵľرǸŷղŵȷǴ
˿תԹίԱ˵λ׳Ǳֻ̽ʮ֮һķ䣬ˣҲ˺ܶǳмֵĶǳǱһЩڣΪ˰ȫλ׳
ίԱǵ˵ͷһǱλ÷ǳҪҢԣǱռ죬һԺʨңӦسİȫ⣬ǱһЩطԹƣǾʱά֣ȵƬٹ˵
ǣǸͷ֣ӳʮ˵ľӳ˳ǱС
Ѿ͵͵Ǳڲ˿̲ҽ״̬ѪľҺԴԴϹӦԪ򼴱ǶߵԪҲԶԶġ
ǱڲҲйίԱˣѾռ˳ǱڵһЩֻԾкܴһ޷롣
ΪҲء
Щû֩벿ߴ˵ǵı˻ҪСһЩ˶СĶ䣬ӺüǴִһ˿Сϸݡ
˵ˣ˵ǹ
ǴƤףֳָֻʵ϶ίԱľߣǾ߳ӵпƬūͣһдƼֻЩҲǵֶΣвԷͻ׳ſƬγһڽ͸ϣ赲ίԱ֡
Ѫ͸ǰίԱ˶ʱҲ޷ͨ
ٻ飬ÿ黯ǰæ̽·鲻ʵ壬ѱ˷֣飬ҵһݾƹһȣڹίԱǰһʮصĴš
ŰӰ޾յͨЩƤҰףǼƶѪӣȻʮ׺ʵսҷӦܳٶֲۣԼĴڡǲ뱻֪͵͵ȥģڽЩɱ⡣
߹ţһ׳ȣߣԿһΪݻĴڷһӣһݻĲͷˮΡ
棬ҲʮƤҰ׵Ĺ
Ҳһţ߹ȥһµ¥ݣ洵һɹ硣
һǱĸִţģڳǱϡıϡпͿƬҲΪ
ֱͨʯȥ
ͬһͬݻǸӺڰһȺƤҰ׵Ĺ֮⣬мŹʵŮ
⼸Ů࣬ȻƤЩһ԰ףȴҪ⻬࣬һȻֹţЩƤĹǰ·ūһ
⼸ŮɢϢΪǿҲܵһ˿в
ȡһ鿨͵͵ʹã̵õ˷ЩƤ԰׵ιһѪūƷһ㣬ʵҲܲѪ塯ѪҺģֵһᡣ
ǼŮȴΪԾ
ѪսʿɫƷʣǰеߣսʿѪҺǱøǿ󡣡
ⲻѪôû뵽ﾹȻѪ
ʹ鿨˲䣬ǼѪսʿвһȻĵطȴ̷һ˻С
еѪūѪսʿ֮
֪Լ¶ˣ벻ѪսʿȻ˾Ҳأʹֻǰɱͬʱȡ֮УһһֻѪūΡ
Դ򽣼Ľսʵٴ˼ȼʮֻѪūͼѪսʿȻԽսԽ¡
ֻҲǷǳͣͨѪūսʿĶֻ֣ЩѪսʿܶ˺
Ѫսʿʹõ͹ĳٶȺҪͨĶߣȻǿ˺飬սУһֱֻӱһǿ׳Ѫսʿɱ
߻賤ֱӳƿֱĿڡ
ѪսʿʵսҪǿһ㣬Ҳоһɿֲѹ
Ҳ룬ֱʩչѸͬѪսʿĳһȫ飬͸
أƬѪ罦ͬһѪꡣ
ɭ涼˺ѪսʿȻǿͨĴ˿ԺָܿУ弸ϳΣڲѪģȻҲǵ
ʣµļѪսʿҲǴһŮѪսʿ̺ͬ˵˼ѶԣȻٳغһʯ֮󣬶ʣµѪսʿѪūΧ
ֻѾ򽣼ǸǶ֡
һ½㽫Ѫսʿ߰ѪūһлɱʣµļѪūҲᣬԸոտ˵ʯ֮ŮѪսʿȡ˼ſƬһ磬׽ʯŷ
ȻҪֹһ


ھʮ Ѫ
Ƭ֮䣬еĵѾһգʧһֻ֮⣬ûʧǻ˼սƷ
峤Ʒʲ֮УҲʧΪһͷǳʨǿ϶һ߼ֱۣӿպáĶûʲôֵҲüȡ
ոǼѪսʿɫܽţҳŮѪսʿ֮⣬ԸڻֹԼ
Ҳ˵һʯź棬϶ʲôҪĶֵЩѪսʿѪ׳
ίԱЩ˲֪ʲôʱܴ֪ԼҪúôҪץʱˡ
˿ѪɫĽ籣ʯţһ£оͬһεǽϡ
ÿ֮п棬̽һԪ˿δһ
ǿķ˵ֲùίԱ˶Ѫɫް취ֻܵȽʧЧʱ䣬ֻҲˣֺɫȻǿҲǷǳĿƬڳǱͷżίԱ˾ͨıҲ򲻽
ɵȣǹһѪľҺȻֱʩչʽд͸ǿ
ƿ硣
ৣ
һٹݺײǺɫϣ綼𶯣ȻǷûƿ硣
һ²УأҲˣԼٶ£ͬʱ
ֱһߣ䵽ͬһطһ±һºݡ
һΣɫڳܲסĹֱӿѣһһ½ƿ
һĻίԱ˿ȻǷѾ޷ƿĺɫ磬ֽ͹֮¾Ȼ߽⡣
ƿٻһ飬ͬʱķҲŪ˳
飬ķĿǰǿݡ
ոһƿɫ磬ҲԭģоոЩѪսʿѪūӦڱʲôΪԸҲҪԼһϣȷԼĲ²⡣
һ̤ʯţ֣Լһǽڵķ䣬ղܽŮѪսʿ˿̹һǰ鹧
ϸһǶȻһ޴Ĺײģҹײ滹Ѫ
Ѫף
ⶫƤһܵĸоЩס
ǸѪĴײģﻹм߹ײģֻߴҪС˺ܶࡣ
ŮѪսʿҲǾޱȣû뵽ȻͻѪɫ絽
ŮѪսʿһľٶֱĳпҲѪܵǸ޴Ĺײϡ
ʱŷ֣ǹײξǳƣڹײϵѪͨİۣ뵽ļУע뵽ײڲ
ǰֹһ
޴ĹײȻһȻȻըһӰٷɳɢһϢѪ
ãϸоΣգָоʯ˵ʱйɭʱҲйҴ˿̵ĸоԶǰΡ
Ҳ룬նһ½
أ
Ῠͷţֻգ֮ɣ½ǺӰϣԷһƺߣֱ˵ʮ׿⣬ڿС
ѾˣҲһѪսʿͬǣΪͨѪսʿʮұһԾ޴
ѪսʿؿڣϵһбĵڣѪⷭƼأˣѪսʿȴš
½ѾʩչǿȴΪʽ罣ڸûаʩչ
ˣΪĿǰӦûʲô赲½ˣɭҲǱ½ʬֻһΣ½ֻ˶Էȴһ
ֻ齫ԷΧסķҲ̸ӳ˻ʯͬʱȡ鿨ɵѪսʿʹá
ѪѪϵɫƷʡ
ЩֲãһɫϵۼʵҪʯ˺ɭֲֵ࣬ܵ°½
ֻҲ֪ԼոյĽҲѪأԷͣ¹
뵽ֹ˼ѪľҺָԪ
˿ǳԼõʥĻѧϰ˽ǣôԼѾˡ
棬ڰеѪһ˫Ѫ۾ɨһ۰ķȴöԵʦΪʲôҵĳǱɱҵĺ᣿شң򼴱ǿĽҲа취ɱ㣡
ʦ
ѾǵαʦˣȻΪķԵʣҲʮֺʦʲô
Ȼʱ
Ѫ̫ǿˣ˵ĿǰǿͷѪľɵͷѪҲ϶Ƕ֡
ûаգӣԷгٶȾԶԼԼܲӾͻᱻɵ
ͶԷͣ
粻֮ܽڵ
ôӦô
˵ﻹײģҲ˵ײҲǿѪʶģ˿ΧĹײģʱͻȻðһͷ
뵽ֻ֣飬ֻһֻߡ
ʱ򣬶ѪͻȻʲô㲻ʦ
˵꣬
ŶԷһ֣˵ʵѪʵǹƻԷӦͿԼʲôʦ֮ô˵ֻʱָ˿ڣȵ˿ڻָĲͻȻϮⲻ֪ҲҪָԪһʩչ鷳ˡ
һΣһ½նȥȴûѪзȻת㿪˫һɨֱӱɳȥײһǽϣ䵽һײ档
ѪһҲӳ˻ʯǿǿƤףѾվˡ
оͷ磬֫Ȼڿб½նͬʱµһֻҲ˻һѪ
ּ֪ĵ˲ɱ㾡ȫвͿܳܣ˵ԼֻǶߣȶԷһȼ
ʮԪҲܳϵʩչֻǺһΧѪ׼ʩչˣѪҲûһ·ӣԽսԽ£ԷĹ鶼˺һ鱻ɵҪܡ
ѪҲʹÿƬٻǿѪūսӲȥ˵ɡ
ʩչʽҪʩչ͸оһͷĿѣ֪ԼĿǰʵʩչʽ̫ǿԼռʩչʵʩչ
еơ
Ѫռ˾ƵʱһԵײĵͻȻһҵĻζʯױһǿײ飬ӰԾ䵽ࡣ


ھʮһ Ϣ
Ӱ֣ŷ
ӰֱһһŮҶǿѪȻﲻѪĳ̶ȣһѪսʿҪǿࡣ
ٶֻѪðͨѪʮֲͬ
գпˣҲΪʲôվ˵ߣѪʯѪ̳ǳ
˿ˣѾҵūͼҵˣ
˿൱˷ܣǿѪȻǴͶ
ո￴ʯ׵ʱʹ㳢ԷųͶǼ˵ЩѪսʿԼṹ࣬ӦÿԱʯڳ˯Ҳ˵Ͷܵκ谭
ǧѷĻᡣ
ԣŸոձ䵽ʯϵĻᣬ͵͵ٻͶʯȥڣǼɹˣܸܵͶѪϣ֮ǰսʿҪǿ̫࣬ϾǴ˿̼
ƾתˣȻ϶ǲѪĶ֣ټͰķһֻ飬δزܽѪǿиɵ
ãǸѪȻҲ
˿ûٹĶڿУǷŭͬʱһ˿ɵ
ҲûйȻ˴ͶߣԼһʵϿѾѹԷһ֪ԼδĳǸѪһУԼûжˡ
ʱͻȻ뵽Ѫ֮ǰһֱڳ˯УһίԱռǱûн뵽䡣֮ίԱᶪ˳ǱҲѪйأܿܣǸʱ˹ɱռǱĵˡ
ĻҪѪѣ϶Ҳôףע⵽ոոŮѪսʿ˿Ѿƶ²⡣
ڵǣ˭ûаոɵԷ澹Ȼǽ
Ѫ˿ƺͨʲôǿڼȻǻ඼κβãϢΣ뿪ҲҪ֤׼ٻ
д⣬дͶҲûаնԸѪ뿪˵ȵȡƬΪ
뵽ͷã
˵꣬ȥѪûŰķԼͶʯţ˿
Ȼ˫мɵ˭ûƸ۹עһⲢʹգоѪ϶к֣˵Ӿͻ׷ɱԼԼҲӦԵķӡ
ʯʱѾϣҲ֪ѪʲôϿǽϻʯš
¥ݡ
һѪūˣϡ򶷵ǱίԱ˸ˡϰҹڴͶΪѪ壬Ի˶
ǿʳѪҺǿʵָ˿ڣͬʱܻΪ
ͷͨͨÿǷɳȥʱùίԱ˷ԼĴڡ
СʱϢ뿪ǱҲùίԱľͳǱڵѪսʿԼѪūսһ·ϾȻûбκ˷֡
ɽϵƬֻ̣׶೤Ĵ˹Ȼصһ»ѪսʿǴͶ
ӵµļĴͶ֪һβԼ׬ˡȻǿϾûʵ壬ͶȴǲͬһμѪ
ūͣ붼˷ܲѣȷūͣʨͷһݣҲʯѪڳ˯״̬Ҫɹܷǲܵġ
ʱˡ
ΨһϧǣѪһںڰɹ̫ѪӦø⣬ҹսһȫԷӳǿţԺԼʺϳԡ
ڣƬҪ٣͸ˡ
õôһôɽصӪصУһһҲСʱ˿̣ƷɡԼǶѾ׼ǣʮŶľߴ˿̶ĦȭƣһԾԾԵļƣȻ뿨Ƭ٣ٻСʱʱ䡣
ڼ䲻г󣬱ҰĹҲͱɱвپΧѲӣɱһЩ©֮Ĺ
һῨƬʨǷ˳׼ҹίԱҲкܶصԤΧƬ򣬾Ͳһ׵¡
ʱ򣬼ڵӪأ̸оһɱԼŤͷһȴǿһϣڳﶢԼ
ֵܣСӵĳӣСر˼ʿݲһ٣ڻٷ֮ٻ֣òңһ˵СصĸӳʵǿһƬٵʱ򣬾ͶƬΪߡһԵĶ忴һĻ߹˵
עһǹԼ岻ῴȻ֪Ϊʲôôȴǳ飬һ䡣
޷ҾˣҲһСˣϧмĶԶЦЦնʵҪȡһŶӦòѣԷ鷳ƾԷҲҪһ
СصĸӳҲǶ˵սˣȻģպöϢͨһ¡
ҪСӵӳȴ¶һ˼Цݵ˵ֻ֪Сӳǳǽʲôʲôģȴǲ֪˵ӳʨǣԼǵ˲࣬˵ӣҲСӶӳڸʨǰҰֻ棬֮ƻɱ˹һ˽飬ӽСӣ˵ӳ¾˵˶ۼӦò١
һͬ˵Էڼǰܻɱ棬ǵȷˢӡ
Ҫ֪ǶʵĴڣʱо߶һǸʱܻɱˣȷ
ֻţԷԼҲзӶԸԼĽﶼɱƵʵļѪϢģֽ׶ξûĸܱȵùԼ
ȻСȫԸԼҲʮֱνúܲס˶ࡣ
ֻҪ㣬ᵽΪߣţԼʵһأʱ򼴱С㳲ΧɱԼţԼ㲻УҪҲû˭š
ʱһһĹȥڼ䣬˵ίԱѾȫɽϵĳǱ֪ǿ϶ûзǸ䣬ֽ׶ΣѪ˭ԸˣԷƺҲԭŲ뵣ġ
ȵһԭڵҹ̱㱻һҫ۵Ļ


ھʮ Ƭ
ҹնһǰҹշ·Ҫһǻ꣬ǡ
ЩǱƬ
ʱƣЩƬ£ԿǾǳǧ򼶱ģвǳµģĿƬȻڻܿ󣬿ܾڼٹǧ֮ˡ
ˣˣһһҪһƬ˭ɱ˭
ã̫ˣ˶ע⣬һµĿƬСһƬӻ´ͷ
ֵǣƴˣ˭ܶᵽƬǾǸƾ£
ĸߣµƬƵĽк
ƬôࣿҺƯǵһοƬ٣𺳵ĳʵš
ҲǼЦ˿ȴоΪȻһ
˵Ƭ岻ֻҪա塢ƷԼŪһűá
ע
ֻ쿨ƬȻǶб俨Ƭ͵ıʶǿƬΧԪ㣬ƬΧǺɫԪ㣬֪ƬΧԪɫģͬһµ쿨ƬвûɫƬ
кܴһ֣ϳſƬģѾо߿ʻտƬµĹ켣ȥ
Ҳȥ𣿡ʱմ˿˵Դţһֱֵķǳ͵ڳĶʨǿľߣַӦҲ
żƬٺΧԪֻںܳʱ䣬гʱ䣬ЩƬµĴΧȻһƬ򣬵Ǿ㲻ͬѡ׶ȡĲ֣˵˿ЩɥոûзƬӰΪƬٵʱҹյУðһЩ㣬ЩȻɫġ
ˣһ̿ĿƬƬ벻УֻȴǷǳ٣¿һۣܿƬֻʮţͶƬʵ̫ˡ
ʮŶǷɢ£кϳ׷һɫµķȥ
еľ߶һ̿ʼж˶۾졣
Ƭ֮ԶѾпƬ׹䵽ϣ̾о߼ݳǰȴʼնſеɫƬĿꡣ
Ƭ׹ٶԶԶҪһӲƬȫأҹٴλָһƬƬ׹һƬɢʮһƽҰá
ٶɫƬ׹ĵطȥǸطҲͬٵĺɫƬ¡
ͬʱҹɫвϴ˻ͺһƬʱһһͬиֹϣٶҪˡ
ʮӺϵƬѾǿӿݣʮŶƬ⻹һƬ
еĿƬ涼һ޷ݻٵԪ֣ϵʱѾϰ߸ϵ֮⣬һ߻ֹֻв
Ȼڶ˵ĿҲһƬ
λЩǱȻʱ˵Щ˱ˣ
ûԪȽЩвɨ
ԣ˵û
˴ͷӦ£ϰ߸ȡ￨ٻǵūֱͣɱΧӵĹ
Щ߶ʮŶеٮٮߣһˢӣЩڳҲȷвһ̵ͬ飬ֻƬ̾ͽЩΧӵĹɱ˸ףûĹҲ֮زز
ЩƬϵԪûʧҲˡ
ʱ߰˸ŻմѪĳߵƬΧƬСռˣλи㣬ӣ
СʮŶһȻ˵⻰ĵСйίԱıڣҲû˸ҵҪǣʮſƬСֻռȻ࣬Ҳûиء
ǽСӡСӵҲѧȿͷƬĹ
ʱȴһôʣµĿƬҵˣ
Сӻûᣬ˭Ҳû뵽ͻȻܳôһλҪ֪ʣµĻƬаһƬ˵СӻҪĶ࣬˼СҲֻҪţǲСҲֻҷֱҪţ˭ȻҽʣµİԲ
ڳûʶʧЦ
ԣٶǿʵе㡮ԼＸ֪Ȼѧ˼ʨӴ󿪿ڣƬĹ
ֱǿЦ
±ˣ˵ԲеģҲ˵˲ģֱӵɵƣΪ˵ЩƬ㣬𣿹ȥɣ
һĶƷɡպͶ˴˿ҲһԾ֪ǵˣǻǵһʱѡվ󣬶ƷɺǶΣڶ壬ȫΪ
Ҷ屾ڵײģ֪еʱ򣬱Ҫ㲻˾ܽڽ¡
Χ˵ĹͳЦ΢΢ȴ˵ô˵Ǹո˵ȫඣȻˣǾͿ汾ɣ˭˭ģ
Цһ˵ֱ꣬ȡ֮УͶҲվңɢ˵ơ
Χľһ֪˲ǿЦҲЦݣ׷ȡ
ʱĳŶӵľߴŵߵͨѶ죬ԷƬ̣˿Ƿһ˿Ц
ߣСѾǶӳЭ飬óһ׹صĿƬͽСӣ
ҲߣСҲСӴЭ飬ٺ٣Сӵ߰˸ʱҲǳЦ˼
ԽԽľ߽ӵѡȥһֻʣСӺͲСӵˡ
ǶŶӵͨԱҲʮˣҲյ
ʱʮջ𣬰ԼһӦҲŪŶʹõߵ豸ⶫʨȻ۸񲻷ƣԼĿǰĲġ
ͲСӵʱ߹˿ɣǸ㴫СѾԸˣӳҲˣԼǧСģоܣɽڲûգ
˵꣬Ҳת뿪ϾֻǸ𴫻
Ƭ֮䣬ﾹȻߵһ˲ʣȻ֪ͲСӿ϶гľǵõϢŶӵ˰æ֪ͨԼ
ȻСѾŶӵ˴Э飬ΪѾΧʮΧ˹ԶСӵˡ
ɫһȻû뵽СӾȻѡʱ֣ҿͳﻮˡ
һԷʮϣʵԲСҪǣͲԼٴἰСӵӳ
ֻӣȻûסԼƬ϶ǵòˡ
˵ƬǱҪõģֻǰΪߣڲ֮ء


ھʮ Χ
СӸʱ֣ǴƬΪڣϾʨǳϵľʿֻҪƬҲˣʱ򼴱ɱˣСҲ㹻ĽڣǹίԱҲ˵ʲôϾνľλһͷͷĻίԱδܰԼ
СӶ֣δûùίԱͬ⣬ô˵Էͼƻõģ뵽Ѿ˶ᡣ
ȻԷƣҲ
˿̿ΧѹϵСӳԱյ˵˶һϾСӵìǿֻ֪û뵽СӾȻرΪһȻô̡
˿ɣԸǣһ˾Ϳԣߵ˵֪һһ϶ȻԼ£ûҪ۱ˣҪǣдͶڣСҲûʲô
ֽ׶ΣֻȷԼơ
ֻǶƷɻǶ嶼û뿪ɫ԰׵ҲһԵٻܣȡĿľȣ֮⣬ٻֻͨܣӸûǾս
ֵܣҶƷȻʵһ㣬ԼֵܲܶһƷɺӥСӵļ߶һᶨԵᣬٻūͣȡ
ǶҲǹһЦϵܣҿ߲ˣɵˣȻˣǵƴˣҶ峤ôûϹˣҲǌų
Ļײԣ˼Ҳ뿪
Ҳٶ˵ǶƷɻǶ壬նʵľߣҲΪʲôǴԭһҲδزԼһ˵ƴū͵ʵһ˾걬ˣѪһֻ飬аķ뿴СӾʲô˲
˿ƬΧԪ֣ʮЩ־ͻʧ
ʱСӵľѾΧͷĳһŮ⣬ȻҲС
ϵСģǸŮӵͷƯıЫ߻ɱ۾գ϶ǰͽŮˣŻСӵΧ㣬Ҿ˵ȻôҲΪһ˴ģƺʶǸŮˣ˵
˵ͷʨʱ䳤ˣҶĿҲ֪࣬飬˵Ůˣȷû˵
ӣӻûСӳҲûһҲδػ䣡ɨһȦȻ˵
ĸǶָˣǸŮ˴˿˵鼫Ϊ߰˵۹⿴ĵȷʮۣ˿̴źƤ׸͹ģٱʶһ˫۾ҲѹֻᱻСӵĶӳ˳谮
㣬Ǳ߸СӣһλƺţȻҲСӿָ˵
λߣǹίԱŪһͷѣʨǻ܇Nɪһ£Ұ⣬˭ǲǾλȥָһһҵҪҲҷŮЦ˵
⡭ûȥȻ֪֣Լ˵һжӲŮԼȥԼ
ȴô˵ȻشԣȷǹģӳʮֳңһҲ֪Ů˺ƭͼӴһöԷӦԼ룬ȴʵ˵㣬СּãܴùҲᱻնָˣ
һ䣬ȴǵǼȥۣǸСҪ׽Ҫ֪Сӵ³ҼȻӵŮˣҪŶӣҪάŶӵ
ǣ㣡䣬С̳ĸߣͷһһѳĳ߶೤ľݵ˵ֱɨ˫ȡ
ɨУȾԷˣžݵ˳˶Ȼ
ֻһߣȻʵûбûжķǻһ⣬һӽԷ˵˲ҧ˶Էĺ
ֻգ֮䣬һֱԷڵϲϳ鴤Ѫʱ˲ŷӦ˹
ɱӵˣǶϹ𣿻ϣɱˣŭ˵Ϊӳ谮ټСʵһſˡ
Сӣ˵һţʵҲǿѾǶߡȻҪúÿһôǾӴŶڵƽǴΪ׵ȻſһЩСҲȷſıǮ
һΣ̱ǻðɣϵŶӵˣ뿪һֱܴ˵Ҵŭӵĵˡ
ʱСӵһ˿ȥȴǼæȰ㣬˵һֻū˲ɱȻʵҶԷūҲǴûмģҿǵȶӳᣡ
üͷһ壬ȷſˣûӡΪԷһλߣҰῨƬСҲ£û˻ʦƬ٣лһɢɫԪƬóܾǿöߵĿƬҲ㽫ЩƬõԲżƻ֡
ǸոȻԷһūһɱˣȷǳԤϣԷһ֣ôԼɵԷÿƬСʧ̫صĻҲúӽ
֪ȥӭλӳȥˣӦѾڻ·ϣµӻλӳ֪ʵӻҪֻܶ࣬ƺһֱһˣҾ뿪ԲûоСӣˣΪλʵǿĸӳڣСӲλʮŶӵġ
뵽ֻҪλӳɱǸСҲɡ
ʱһԵһ£ȻСӵĺĳԱʱ첲տɾòˣ㣬ȫΧȥҾͲͷۣ
ұ죡ʱҲ侲ӵнֵλǾԲɵӣȻſ񣬵еߡ֪һɣУνλƸĭҪʵ
˵һλʱ򣬲ΪȻ˿̼Է˿ǣӡ
룬ϳԱˣĹȻˣǾ͵ȶӳһΣλӳҲ
һ仰еСӳԱ¶ܵ飬Ȼ֪λӳʵ˵սȥսҲǶ֣Ȼ֪λӳҪô˭ҴŭСӣõһĴ


ھʮ ط
ͬһʱ̣ԼĪһĵطӿոշ糾͹ĸӳ׾ͻɱ˼ֻ·ĶҲЩɥѾþֶΣȻоӳԽԽԶ
ȻǶͬΪߣʵȴкܴ࣬˵ոǼֻԼԸԲ˳졣
ӳȥĵط֪Ϊʲôǻˡ
ֵطӸȥӳѾǵǰˡΪʲôҪȥҲ֪ȥһʧɢͬ飬ò˵ӶЩҪҵǸˣΪҪӳԿ԰СӳΪһŶӡ
ʱӵͨѶˣʨǽͨѶ˸װﷶΧڶԽյźš
ӵȻɫһô˵СӶʮŶ֮һɱŶӵˣʨǵľλߣҲܾʹ˰ݡ
˵˵ﻹһ
ʲô£ӳеһ߹ʵ
ɱǵ˵ʵȻСӵĶӳӳȴƽ۽ԷԼľˡ
˵ʮִ촽ΧһӲ磬˿΢΢һЦŤͷ˿һͬ飬ͬһ񣬽òΣһŮ
ûзʲôǸȴǵǴǹȥǿ϶ǲøˣ
һϲæ˵ķȥûһȻǰһȺˣ󲿷ֶСӵĳԱ
룬СΧŵвʮˣ˿̵Ѿǽţڵϣһʬ塣
Ӵ˿ʮ㣬һ۾Ϳϵʬĵɱʮ㣬ԷƬȻΪʲôȻͻ
ӸҲ֮ǰİԵſӭ
ӣЩˣ֮ǰǶָոոɱ㲻ڣҲֻǽΧ⣡˿ֵ̱СˣȴĴ
ģһңҵҪʲô˸ҺСӹȥ
ӺӳҲǼæǰ磬ϼ㣬ǿǻˣڣǸҰˣ
ⲻ֪˿λӳûûп
ӵһ˾ƺʲô۾ֱǰ档ڸûк̾ӵע⣬˲֪ǿǺƽ˶ûϹģʵ֮⣬ˣ˵Ǵûжйֹע
һΣ֪ӳʵԼСӵĵλҲ˵ʲôӣԼӳı飬̸оЩס
ֻʲôطԣһҲ˵֮ǲףǳĲס
˿Ҳ߹ӣǸŮͼӴ׵Ҳ⣬Ȼ˫ѾûҪʲô˵ԼǱⲻ֪ԼֻǵƬԪʧѡ
ǸӿȥЩʵ˿һɨȥ֪ԷԲԼĶ֣ôѾֹһαᵽСӵĸӳأ
ˣӦþˣֻһۿȥҲ̽Ӳƺǿ˶ô˼𾪵һĻ
ӳӳҲֱĶһʱ䣬ƺһ
ٴִͳٶ۵˶òԾˣǶƷɡպͶǣӡСӵˣһʱ䶼ǲ֨ΪһĻ
ʱƬϵԪͻȻʧ
СӻǶƷǣûжԵߴ˿̱쳣Ҳֻܵۿš
ʱ򣬴ͻȻֻòªĹǶʮġسޡȻͲڰȴƬ
ͼͷҲأһ֣̻ӰһѾڵسԱߡ
ٶȣȫԽ˶ķ룬ﵽ߱׼ˣֻܿǵĲӰһߣͶĶ
һ̣ѪⱩ𣬴͵͵ȡƬĵسȫɱ
ҲѪʹõĹ峤ȡ˺ߵľѪѪǼֻسƬ̾ͱʳƤҡ
⡭
мʶľʧеĿǰľ˵Ǿ޵еĴڣ֪ߵū;Ȼ˭
˭ɵֽ׶ΣҪɱˣҲǲܣ˵
ֻգ֮䷢£ĸӳŴӻལľϲлع
Ҳݣҵ㣬ϼ㻹˵ˣСӾģȻˣСӵǸźӵĸӳ˿̿һͳ嵽ǰȻܱ
Ȼ˷ܹȡ
ϸԿ۽ǵỨ
˲ǱˣͻΧǵʱʧɢһӳϼ
˿ϼɴվţۿᣬڣ嶼ڲ
һ̣κˡκжôҪǸƬء
Уֻһˡ
ϼεĻһܺط꣬һδεѰһһδεʧ
óĬԣñǰѪ顣ΪѴʱνǷ棬˿ֲĹ֮⣬ʲôûҵ
ڣϼѾˡ
һӶһˣѰ֧ȥΨһΪˣпǿԼǿΪֻܸǣɱǰǿ
ڣ˼ĺ˾վǰ棬Ȼϼһ˲ʧȥ˼
˿̣ǴĿʲô˵
ܸоģֻ˵
Ҳļ˿ҲǼޱȣû뵽ս𶼵ֺвСӵĸӳȻԼһֱѰҵϼ
ط꣬˵ĳԤϡ
ʲô
Ž̤ЬٴȫѹŽϷԣ֪Сӣˡ
СӣͻΧʱ㵱Ӣۿǵˬˣε㣬ҵνϼΪˣһȥˣҲ֪Сı޵ĸ֣ȤƵ˵
ϼ˿ԶӰǰȣ˺ܴ仯ƺˣ֮⣬ϼ϶оһΣյϢ
֪ôſڵʱȴϼһ̤˷·һһ˲ͳԼȭͷԼϡ
ĶȥˣĶȥˡ
Լ֮䣬ƺ˳


ھʮ ɻ
һЩѺͳĳѹʱҪһģŮˡ
ɾϼ
ϼԴȵʱʶһ㡣֮չֳִݺ͵ǹһʶ
ϼ˵ʮǰеŮһͨʮѵķ׷˸ı䡣
Ǹʱ̿֡ã˵Ҫߣϼ֪ôȥ
ʶԪγΪߣķ򣬽ʶһµ硣
ϼҵµķǾЭһȥٲһֻվڱ˱Ļƿ
Խѣþ֮ǿϼһΪԼܶһ棬ֱͻΧʱʯˡ
ھԵʵ£ԼֱǲһʱǿһЩͲðʯˡ
һϼԸ䣬óĬԣÿøֶ׷ʵΪҵνǣȻ޹
еʱϼΪԼѾľͬһʯֻΪսʵѾ׾ʱ򣬾ȻԼҪҵˣǰ
һ̣ϼֻȷһвõļıסһ֣Էͻʧ١
˿̾ɵҲ֪ϼԼǰһˣ˵ʵ⵹Ϊ⣬еԼû£ȻϼĹϵǳãͣǸ׶ϡ
һֻǸʱûκʱҪʲôûʲôҲûпǹ⣬ֻϼõѡ룬Լ֮ζҪϼҲԼǱʶ֡
νʧȥŻϧһǳˡ
ᰲοˣֻϼĺ󱳣ϼʶܾˣʱ򼴱ǲ˵֪Էʲôʱ˵ĶࡣȻǺ뻥ѯʸԵľʲôйʲôΣգʱôģһʱ֮Ҳ֪Ķ˵𣬲ֻҪ˰ȫͺãһԳĴָһԵЦݡ
ϼطϲõУĿɿڴȻûһлعζ
ȸоӣ˿ɫ԰ףѾ֪Ǹӵū͵Լߣ
ô¿ɾͲˣǴĲ
ԼСԺͶԷ𣬲˵ԷʵΣֻūͣ͹СӺһˡڣСǿսӳȻͶԷʶ
ӲΪϼС֮ѡߣ˵ģǲΣգνѰˣ֪Էеķ
СӻԼϼﶼԱȲһָͷ
ôڣһǰҪôֺͶԷΪУҪôɸΪ񲯡
Ŀǰֻѡڶ֣˵ģֻ㹻СӺһˣ˵ԼķɵҪԸϼ϶Сӳ֣Լʵ˽⣬СӵʤʼΪ㡣
̶̼ӣͷͷ
ʱͬĿɿڴ֪סӵ֣Сӣ⾿ô£Ϊʲôϼǡ
죬ǵ鷳£ǵҲô
ӿ˿Сʵ⾿ô£һһʮĽһϸڶ׼¡
Ҳסˣæ̽˳ʲôܳһСӣλʨǵģǾԲܱͨȵģһ֪ôˡ
˿ŤͷһߵѾɱ⡣
СӵͷΪҲˣֻһԼߵ壬Сһ鷳ҪһΣֻס
Ҳ˾ոտӳ̬ȣ֪̾Ҫ㣬֪ӾԲӳ˵ǵʵһӶΪԸӳѡ
պãӿ񣬱һԼΣڵϦһ
֪ԼһЩֲˣ¾ǻᣬȴߵϼĽǰʮֳϿҵ磬ʵǲϼĳ˵ľˣҸж£һֱҪ𣬱ӦһˣɺްСӳ˵Ѿˣ׾磬޷ͽӵͷȻ
Ҳǹϸɴˣ˵ûκγԹ֮ǰĳͻȫΪֻɱܽĿǰ鷳
⻰֪Լٲˣ¶򵨱̵ԼĿᣬȡ˼ſƬ
ı𶯣ԪըǼǿ͵ģ˭Ӳͬھеɱ⣬֪ԷҪԼȴǵϣȡ׼õļǿԪը
Ҳû뵽һ֣ŭģʲô췴𣿡
ٷϻӣ㲻ҵϼȻӣȻ㲻ҲҲ塣Ұȫ뿪ӽԺǾˮˮʲô¶ûУ׷ʹҾҲҪ汳ģ˿ΪѾǻȥˡ
һ˵һŲȥΧСӵĳԱըƬǼæܶ
ǿԪըǿſƬըԿԽ뾶ʮڵľ߶ը
ϼҲֻֿϼץĸ첲˿ֿһԪըǴǴļ·ϻڼǿҺ󶼶죬ֻϮǷֿʱǼ˲ԸСһЩֿƬû뵽мŻ䵽
ⶼңңһԵҲɫǺ죬֮ǰΪԲŽſƬԷܣû뵽ôһ
һЦģӲʰٸʱľ
˵ͬʱһֻϢʧ
û˸Լ׳˵ӣƺ뵽˿ԴԷ£µˣм˸˵֪ίԱԬίԱĹ޸ŮҾ͵͵ϼӳƬһԬӿǾΪˣѾϼӳڶŮˣһλӳϢҲԬӣǿʲô
ȡһߵͨѶһĵ⡣
ӣΪһںŶӣ㣬·ˣղѾ͵͵һ֪ͨԬӣܿͻϹһһƬԬѾŵҽ뾯ӣʱһˣ


ھʮ Ϯ
˵ͬʱѾ߳ʮ⣬̾ߣԷҲ׷ԼٶȣǺŵģֻҪ·ӭԬӣôһжܰ
ֻʱоһ磬͵ĻͷȴǿһģֲĹӰ
ʲôû飬ųһ亹ֻһ̣һѿԻΪʵһɨץſƬֱ۾͵
һߣôǶĶ֣˵׼飬ͨ飬ȫ¡ָ߼׼ת鶼ֳֶƺͳľӢ
ֱ۶ˣ֪Լˣû뵽ԷȻֲֿūͣȻϢ׷Լ
һֱֳֵ̣ܵӽͷ
һĻСӵ˶һ£ľߣūʵȻ˵ı̬˵ǰѪ˵飬ҲǶûҲߣһܶԸû뵽˿̾Ȼ׵ľͱɱˡ
ˣ˻ãϼû˿ͬǶԷȻ͵͵Լ⣬ϼ⣬ط꣬һжҪˡ
ֻȴ룬Ȼ˿ӣ֮ǰʵҲ֪飬ûҪǨŭԷԴ˿̵֮ǰ¾˵ǸᣬҲϣ´ͬٷ
Բˣһϲüң׷Ȼٺò
ˣղǸ˵Ԭӣô£ⶼϼˣȻܲܣȴǳʵ
ӰͲöϵ۹ȻǿóʵҪϼǿǽ޵еļū;Ϳɼһߡ
æԬӽԬΰһ棬ȻҲˣʵһ㣬ǹίԱĳԱ֮һʱһ١̼ԬΰʨҲ˲ٻ£ϲŮʱһĻӣŪͰŮǣûԼ޼ɵ˵һ󹬡ֻҪϵŮˣץȥ֣
ʵʵ˵ÿ˵һһԵϼɫһ֣ϼϵɱѾǵ˶㡣
ңҶȻ޻أϼҧгݵ˵ǳԺҲǼʶĩյĿֲͲпᣬ粻ǵǸϼеʱŭ˭ס
ԬΰʲôʨǵһȨߣɱӣʨٴҲû֮أһܣ˿˵黹ܵȻʱͶԷͻֵ
˵ͷȻʵģǶȡĹؼʱ̣ҲûʲôԬӡ
ӷǳʶȤʮƬһûá
磬Ѹոط꣬϶кܶ໰˵ҾͲˣ˵꣬Ȼϼ˸кֱӴСӵ뿪
ڼ䣬Ǹ˵ˣŮˣҲüƽϣֻҪɵӣɶԷ֡
˻㲻ֶ𱨲ˣֻӣʱ˵ϼҲǵͷ
壬ôľͲֻˣһЦڿ㹻˵ֻ
ֱеƬָƷɡԼÿһţովԼһߣֵЩ
ŽϼܸƷɡԼʶ
Ҳ뿪ֳ
뿪󲻹ӣһ˸ϵȻҪͶԬӵˣֻԷעҪһա
ʱ򣬴󲿷׹ƬˣƬ䵽˹ίԱ;߹Լ켫̻ʣµģҲǱʮŶӹϷ֡
ȻҲ⣬ʱΧһƬ׹أʮŶе쫷СӺСӵ˸ոսŶƬĹ̸ãȡ߿ƬʱҹͻȻһƿ׼ȡ߿ƬһֱӱһͿҰаḺ̌ǹݺݵĴ̴ڵϡ
Ѫ˳űǹȥѪޱȡ
ô£Ŷӣʮ̾
һ̣ڵҹַʮͬļ̱ǹֱɱʮߡ
˾ĿУʮƤֲڣɢŶӵΣȴģªǿ׳˴ҹɫг˹ֲڣ⼣߰ߵոžߵ
ΪϮ̫ͻȻ󲿷˶ûзӦȵŶӵľߴ֯ʱȴΪʱ
Χ֪ʲôʱѾΧˡ
ҲгֵĹֻʨǺԶ˭벻˳
ٶʮһģ˱ʾͳֻ࣬Ƭ̣ʮ߾ͱɱһա
ƬΧԪȾߣɱɱҪ飬ɱеĵ͵ԪȾߣһһͷ޴ϵ˷һƵĺ˴ֲڵȥʮ̵ּףֳһ˳һһСͷ졣
˵꣬ͷ˳ȥҲǿټһ̣ضڲ
ͬ飬Χ򣬼ǰСʱ߰˸Сӵľ߱ϮɱڹίԱᣬʮ˵ľӣҲܵ˹
˿˸һƬ׹㣬֮ǰѾһʮŶⶫͺǮһû˻ࡣ
Ҵ˿ãܺϼط꣬û뵽ģ֪˲û£һֱΪ˶ߣʵͣһ¡
·ϣϼ򵥵˵һͻΧǺľȻҲǵҲܳΪСӵĸӳս𶼼ɵѵĽɫ
ʱͻΧǣʯˣ˶ǸͻΧޱȣ֮ĹϮͻΧ󲿶ӿ˵ǸܵУ˭˲˭ˡ
ϼǸʱһͷӷĶֻ伤սǸʱ˼֣ҲǸĶ֡ҲϼףԪ֮Ϲ˶Է۾öԷ񱩶ʱߡ
Ҳʹ󲿶ӷֿ
˲˶Χ죬ϣȵʱϼָ˼ſƬʵڵȲȥֻ뿪
֮󣬱շתС;ۼأһºϵʨǣƾһ·ɱʵ˵ʱĬĬŵӡ˳˲һзʵһлǰ
ʱҶˣϼҪ㣬Ϊ˲ٵĿ࣡ʱ˵
Ȼ֪ΪðΣսǣʵŻô졣ҲΪˣԼʨǵһʱҲϼҲûھ߹Ǽǣ˵һϣɺϡ
Ҫ˵ʵǿɶȲСӣ⼸²ūͶˣ֪ģʨǶûһСӱ̬Ȥ


ھʮ ЧӦ
ϼʱҲ˼۴Ͷƺ֣ǳˣֻˣ㵱ʱʯˣֻԼûб£ﲻ㣬֮ʲôܸô
ҲǼ򵥽һԼľȽ϶ԣľȻ۸գֱϼĿɿڴ
ô¾һǾǺ£ԺͿγưʨǣ˿̰ǡ
ʱѾϵһƬ׹أľ߻ΪƬĹ۲ݣһֱӳȥ
СӵӳĪСҲҪһӣ
СӶӳҲûãƬǶָ֣ܷǣ
ˣ˵
һ̣ǾͿԷһǰ˵һ˶ЦԷǵĻ
Ƭˣ
˵ȻƬҪȻǲͱ˿Ҫ֪һŶƬζһλߣԴϴδ齨ԼʹҪռƬ
⻰ӭһҲϵЩ˻ַӦȴһֱ֣ǰһվ
ùūͣҲҪƬƬ򲻹Ծ뿪˭һ仰üڼʵľǰǶǴŸԵūͣϾû˵ū͡
ֻ˶ĿɿڴţսûгãƬ̾ͽսūͱɱ߱ſ£˵һ⡣
һ£ûС
Ҳ֪˭˵һ䣺⡭
һ仰˺䶯ֽ׶Σھ˵Ǿ޵еĴڣЩŵľȡ̽鿨鿴ȷ
״̬Ѫģôּūͣܣ⻹ô򣿡
ݣûһ𣿡һۼľߴ󺰡
£ڳ˶ɵˣֻһһϻһЩϣֻǾͳûϷˡ
ȶǿ˿ɲֻһ㣬ʵķԾ
ߣеһҧ̴뿪ӵū͵Ķ֣ǾԴ򲻹ʶȤ뿪ȥ
˴ͷҲЧ£ȻǲԸھݶԵʵ֮£ֻѡȴ˵ԷҲ٣˸
ƷɵʶֶΣջЩ֪һľߣֻǾȣǶǾˡ
Ϊ켣ǵһУȻֽ֪׶塣
Ǿ֣޵С
ǹίԱûߵ֮ǰҲҶӵū͵ľʱ֪
ȫʵ
ǰɢŶߣֻϧƬ٣һƬģԲţ֮ǰѾȡһˡ
ʱ򣬸ո·ļŶӵľ߾Ȼһֺͻŵ˻
ܿ죬˾֪ôˡ
Щߵ󣬾Ȼʮǿ׳ޱȵ׷ɱĸˣԼٶ׷Ϻɱߡ
ͫһȻ֪
統еǻ֩벿塢ʥһΪӴһͳֹ˵ٹкܴΧһֱʨĦ
ȣ˸Ӳбܺ๲档ǿ׳ѪͬʹÿƬһΪΣյ塣
ȴͻȻ뵽һ˼⡣
Ǿǰһļ䣬һοƬٲû˲˳ֵʱҲԲϺš
Ȼһûв뵽һδģĿƬᵱУȴԴӲ˽ϢеϢУûйϮֻƬ
Ȼ⣬Ϯô϶һЩϢȥ˵һǡսʿҪ׷ϢǼǲģǹίԱҲ
ô˵һļˡ
ֻߣһĽչûһļС
ͻȻ֮䣬뵽ʲô
ھ˵ڡЧӦļ裬һֻɿĺ˵Ǳһ籩Դͷôһ˳ֻ᲻ҲˣΪһһĹ켣Ѿ˲ͬ
ʱͻȻ뵽ĲͬǡþԼΪЩ˵ĳֺԼйء
ⲻ֪»йϵ
˿ǱһΪصķڣ֮ǰѪ˿ǰֳһſƬмΪӵķģǰһ㣬Ƭ̻һ޴˵Ӱ
ѪҪսʿҳǱΧеԪȾߣΪ꣬һһ֮Ѫ
Ǿ޴ӰǺܿǿĲսʿѾʼжסĳŵһ̤ƽĳǱ
һ̣Ӱʧ١
ѪһЦȡһſƬصĵ´Уһ޴ˮײġ
ˮײȻһˣһΪŮˡŮ˵κĴʻ㶼ԵôĲ԰һʥۣ׵Ůʽۣ׵ļֻ˿̣·ĳʹ࣬üͷˮײڣȻһֻŹֵ𣬲ƴСҧŮ˵ĲӲʡ
ƽ֮ѪҲ֮ѪһξشǧҲŮ˾Ϊ˵õڵĻƽ֮ѪֻϧҾѪɵѪ˰ҲûһΣĵֿ˺ܶ࣬źܿͻᱻ߻ƽ֮Ѫʱɱе˺ЩԪȾߡѪ뵽֮ǰҴ˯֮صǸԪȾߣ̾һǸҳһŵѪϣɱˣҲҲֻҪõ˻ƽ֮ѪǱѪֻԻ͵ʱ̣
֪ˣ̸иûãֻ˷ѿ࣬һľ飬ֻҪǾֻսһ·
Щ׷ɱľߴ˿ɾֱǿֻӵū͵ĸܰǡ
ʱҲܶԷǿӲֶδȡˣͶȣ֮ǰʵڲʲô
ʲôʱ˵ͬʱѾȡʵ廯һȥʮֳصм̣Ҳϲʹõ
ЩǹǺһǻǧСģҲʹÿƬ˵ͬʱܵȡ˼ſƬһ̣ʮͷ񱼶ļ̺
һЩٶȲľֱӱЩ񱼵ĺײ̤Ƭ̾ͱȳһ̲⽴
˿̣ϼѾȡָ֮һңһԪ֮ƾնɢ΢⣬һ֧Ԫ֮ƿն˲佫ڰһ޵ɱ


ھʮ Ǳ
һ֪ϼѾյǸҪԼĻƿˡ
һϼһԪ֮¾ȻֱӱУܵĻᶼûУ١׼ȷϼԪ֮ӡ
ұϼɱĿ꣬һȺ˵Сͷ죬һһЧͷǳˡ
һɱԷָӹ١
ûָӹ٣ʮ˱ǸΪսһֻȥڶƷɵˣҲǷӦٻԼūӭսЩͻȻϮˡ
Ͷʱ򷢻ӳʵֳֹ峤ͬ磬ո˵ɱеٶûκһܱȵϣһˣ̾ͿʳֵѪҺָѪԷӵ˼¡
һûг֣˲Ұֹ֯ͬһȻǸͲֻ̫һ㡣Ȼðķɵв̽һ£õķȴһ
ҪսϺ󳷣ɫһ䣬ʱҲȡ˿֮У뵽ɱ˵еС
ͬһǴ֡
սټԭ׷ɱЩһæʮڵ˾Ȼٽ
ְʶͬвһɱЩ׺ˣپ߶ĿɿڴԭǵƬ˿ûһ㷴ˡ
˼ҵȷʵ
ܿ죬˸ոշµΪԶ˳
ߣæ˵ԳɰǧˣҲֻ۱ܷâһʱֻӡ
ͻȻϮʮŶӵľ߻ǹίԱᶼЩֲеľֱ˵Ңӵһˣеڴ˵Χ֮£ֻʶ㵽˸ոձίԱռǱΪֻҪҰ⣬ͱضᱻ˹
Ҳһ·ŴߣǱ
ķǳ죬Ƽͣپ߶棬˵߹СԼ켫̻Сӣв̶ͬȵںʧһСӣʮߡ
ʱ˭Ҳ˲Щ
ӽǱ⿴ȥԿˣΧڳǱΧĶǧҹɫ֮£ϴֲڵ׺Ƥ׷ĹâһԶѪųǱڵڶߡ
ֻҪվǱǽͷͿŵΧɢĶ
Ǳܴ¿ǧһ㣬ȥǧ˶ûʲô⣬£ӽҲǧˡ
ڸոյĻҵУǵûκˣһ·ǼҲС֪ⶼǰ濪·նɱһһ·ˣһȺܲ˵ǱҲδ֪
£ίԱҲܰѳֳǱֻʮŶӵ˺һЩɢľӿ롣
ίԱѾǱ󲿷򶼿ˣ˿ڳǱһίԱļίԱʨǵĸ߲㶼Բߡ
ΪʲôͻȻôˣһίԱʵ¶˽ŵɫ
ǧǿˣһǱƣԼҲڽӡ
ԭвϮֻ࣬аǧҢӴѾرأ˲ܳȥֻҪǹزŵԮͻһӵĴӳ㱨
˵ľߣϾ߹켫̻ԼʮŶӵˣҲǧһгǽأųŵӦûʲô⣬Ϊ˱ǹίԱʵʮŶӺЩɢľߵֿ˵ĽһίԱ˵
ԬίԱ˵ǣǾ߹ᣬ켫ֻ̻ʮŶӣӦñǹίԱͳΣҲȷЩóúǵһʼ˵ǸίԱ˵
⣬һƬĹˣ˵ˡԬίԱ˿̵ȼһֻ̳ʵ
棬һζƬһõ375ţĶɾ߹ᡢ켫̻ʮŶӹϷ֣ǻõӦòᳬ500ţƬһƬӦòţֻȡһţġ䲻
ⷬԬίԱһȻҲ֪ƬҪԣֻֽ׶ҲûʲôӣȽ˵鷳˵
ڳǱеһ䣬˾ۼ
˵Ǳ˵ǵһˣǲ֪ǱĳһֲѪ
һ·ͻΧɱˣһֱ˳ǱУʱ˼
ʣĿǰĺһļ˺ܴĳ룬һĿƬᣬûй˵ֻƬ
ָоͷһһΣС
һļ䣬ʲôʱóеʱ򣬻Լһ£һβ˽ײ֮ôͶԼ˯Ѫ嵱Уֽ׶ǿū͡
ûЩɺϣôոһһʱҲһˡ
һ뵽һ¡
ʣԼߵϼǣһˡ
˿̣ߵϼһ㵣ɫֱ䣬ҲǵĲѣȴסơ
ôˣʲôʱûΣˣǱȥʮι̣ľҲкܶˣЩδܹýϼΪڵĿǰĴԳ԰ο
˿һů˿ϼͻȻ뵽Ҫ˵ıˣһϼǺԼ׶ϵԷ֪һš
Ҳ˵һһֻܸԼһοصΰһ
뵽ȴǹһЦ֮ǰеһɨա
ʵ
ֻʵǵһλģֻҪʵŵδ֪δҲܴԡ
ͨһ㣬˿ڳǱдľߣȴǸԼߵ˵סһƬطҪʹֻгΪ߲иĻȨƷɡͬѧ壬Ҳץʱߣʲô鷳ʵǿһ㣬ҲӦԵķӣ
ʱɳ˵Ĺǣ¶ƷɵøԵūػһԣȻȡƬֱӽ
һĻв˿ҲвۺޱȣڴͶֲΪѹ£ȴû˸ǰᡣ
ȥɣҺ󣬷ģǲκ˴ŵ㣡ϼʱᶨ˵ѾǶߣȻһֻһ󣬶ûҪռΪе뷨
֪ߣǷá
Ҳ˵ҲֱڵȡƬʼ˽
ʵ˵ǱеľߣвŶӵľڻöƬҲѡֱӽϾһʵͶһݱϣ˲Եͻأˡ


ھʮ 
ֻܵõƬıϾߣʮŶӵ˶ǶƬкȷķ䣬Դ󲿷־ûлģʱҲ㹻ľ׼ֵʱܽ˴
һ̣һַѹ˶࣬˭֪˹ƳǱôȴǵĶֻпֲɱ¾
˵˿ȡƬԥĽԼԪע˽ȥԪԶͨĶߣȻһûгɹߣţԼһܳɹ
߽ߣԲǴһô򵥡
һӹʵϾܿһͶв࣬Բж֮Ĳô
ǶڹǾ˵һԾ
ߣһܵԪǿһ˴ﵽ屶׼û˿⣬һЩʺõģԴﵽ߱ϡͬʱٻū͵ҲһͶͿٷ֮ٻһš
˼壬󣬾߿ԲҪĿƬֻԪͷֻҪΪ߶Իãĳ˵һֲҪ򿨡
ܵõʲôǾƴˣ֪ģһЩķֵģʲô׶ͻشֵַ̣ĿģȻҲĸ߼סǹѻٻĳū͵
һͿʩչǿĵطĿƬҲʱ򣬵ֻҪԪͿһֱȥ
˵ǿҲǿùʽǻĳٻٻ
ֻҲֿ֪ٻٻֵļرСӵܻôֽ׶ο˵޵ˡ
ֻҪ㹻Ԫٻͬʱʩչʽеʽ罣Ҳû˿ʤ㡣ڣֿܻƬҲ㹻Ԫ֧ٻ̫ūͣӵоѪľҺС
һ߿Щ⣬һԪҲ֪˶ãͼƯǰƬͻȻһŲɫԪȻ˲뵽ڡ
֮䣬ֻоĿ˵һƺһֱע뵽ڣ˼άҲֱ壬Ƿ·𲻶һЩεļһ㣬ϵıǿԪͼܶٶ
̣֪˶೤ʱ䡣
ֻǲϸֱ仯ڵԪҲʼӣԭԪѾﵽ39λ˿ֱֵ̣Ծ55ͣ
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ʱͻȻ뵽ʽеĵʽԼֻһ룬˿Ϊβ򣬽䳹ա
һ˲䣬ƺһλصռ䣬ǿֲޱȵĵ
һһֱĿʩչͬһۿԼʩչ̣ϸԪĲͨ棬Ῠ󼤻
һΣȫǱܣһΣȴĿÿһϸڡ
һնһΪʮ󽫵˻ɱ
䣡
һӣоԼ˼άٴλصԼ壬ԭյҲ»ָ˹
֪Լɹˣͬʱ˽ʽһʽ
Žʵǡ
Ƭĺô˵ԤϣֻϧһֻõһƬҪϼֻ߰ķֻܵһˡ
ͬʱǰ۳һԪУһſƬֳǾڽ֮õĵͿƬ
ʱ򣬻ָеͻȻһֺ;죬ľǹ
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ǽд˽ڳţסзͷŰͨӵЩûʲôЧ˹ȫˣ
Զ̹ȫū͵ĶأڵĴѾƣίԱѾ˵ˣֻҪֵܼǵԮܸ
ֽкŲҽС˻;죬һ֮ԸܵǱ΢΢һ¡
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һʱ䣬ԼȥһСʱ󣬶ƷɡԼǶڽУһʱ겻ˡ
磬ͷҺϼȥ֪̬ĽڳǱľ֮ǰʲôŶӺģǶΪƴ
һ˹ԼδͻΧ͸˵Χ˵İȫˡ
ϼҲΪϼĹʮ˵ãΪһǷǳҪս
ط꣬ϼȻʲôģ±ϵ˳ſڣ˿Ѿͬһ㡣
ʬ塢ʯ鵽ǣǽϣǹľ߲ȻЧܲʱʱὫɱԴֻʹķͬʱϵٻٻūǰֹ˵Ľ롣
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˿̣ͳһо߽зصָӹȻ˻ߣ޷赲ƣȥаСʱ˿϶ͻƽ
һǸֳָӹ٣Ȼǵ顣ߴ˿һҳѪãɤӶˣίԱڳǽػǹۼ̨Ѿֲþʯͷݻĸ˿ֻʣһͦͻǹ
Ҳֻֿھӵܶ˺ͨӵ޷͸Щֲڼ͵Ƥ
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һĻľ߶ǴҲоΣϮ˿̣Ӧ
ʱһӰһѾץס˴ĹǴ̱ǹǹ뵥鲻磬ӲǱ˸ֱ۵ֹס


һ ɱ
㣡˿̺󱳶亹ʪˣոһ㷴ӦͻȻһץסһļ̱ǹ˵Ǳɡ
һ̣ͷһƤ顣
һ̱ǹϣȫĥƶɣΪأҪץסһаٽıǹǶҲ
ȴˣҿȥʮɡ
ôǾһ˿ȴһм˵ͱֹ
֣ѾͲҪ˵Щģһ˦㽫һǹ¶˳ȥǱһϵǿ׳˸ͱıǹֱӴ̴ͬµһ𣬱ڵϡ
ҲǽˣЦЦȴǶ˵ͷ·뵽ʲôСֵܣߣǱֲ˶ãίԱ˷ֳǱһͨɽС·ͿɽѾ½ˣ˶ΧǱֻжʮӵʱ䡣ЩǱίԱƭڻҵľߣסҪţߣ
һȻǴ󾪣û뵽ƾȻ񻯵ˡ
Ҳ˵ǿսͬСɣһֵǹľޣ˵ƳǱֻʱ⡣ֻû뵽ǣЩίԱ˾Ȼ˺ģô˵ڻҡ
֣أҲʵ
ңЦһλͱҪΣ¶Ϻ֪ܲˣҲ֤ҪúöԴʨǵã
һ֪ҲǲˣǲٶʡȴǸСӵĳꡢľԼҲ䵱ڻңˣں漱ȡ
һѾ˶ᡣ
ϼæֵ˵ĹԪ֮ǿԷؼá̵˵ĵط˿̣ľͳҲڣͬһѪȻǳԾС
磬զҲˣ¿ɺˣֵܻȪ·ϹҲįˣһûţʱںԿܼǳĸˡ
磬еˣǴӳİɣôˣľȻҪȶˣմŵѪˮʵ
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иõĶ
ȡѪľҺֱӸ˼ڣ֪Էܱסһ
磬ô죿ľͳǶŷĺܣ˿ʮŶӵ˲أξ㲻ȥԺʨǵҲҪȫϴˡ
ǶǺ󻰣£λ뿪Ҫġ
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˵˴һȥﵥ飡ܶѲܣΪǱᱻơ
Ϊﻹڡ
˵ʱйϵбľߺЩ߲ʹӷֵİˣʣ²Եֻս
˸ϵǰʱսѾ˼ΪΣյĵز
Ǹ׵ľޣȻҪϳǽ˵һöԷһжˡ
ӵըǷϣ޷˺ԷƤʼӲֲڵͬʯһȥֻһźڵ㡣
ȻҲʵǿľ߿ͷŸ߼һķɺޡ˿̣޵ĵȼͱ鿨ˣһɫƷʣֽޡӵмΪǿĹͷΨһȱжٶȻ
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ЩҲûˣڰ·Ͼͱɱбϼɱࡣ
ϼװʸļͲԿȡ׼ͷѣʸµѾϰ١
ھޣϼԪ֮Ч΢ȻԴ޵Ƥ˺ǳޡ
ھ޵ԴǴһһҵֻһЩ϶Ԫ֮ҲԹᴩ
£Ұֹ߼Ǵ򲻹Ҳӡ£·ӡ
֪Űô༸ӣǱͻʧء
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˿ȡһǿϲν˯ʱ˵ͷһͿƬʣǴ˿Ҫġ
׷磬˲ʮٶȣİ˸λԪһμҪʮŵԪ
ʮŵԪڵʲô̼һһԺҪʹһֻҪķѰ˸λԪͿԣڣԪѾﵽʮλ
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磡ճΪߺ󣬸֪߼Ŀֲ֪ΪϸߣҲԲǸ޵Ķ֡
ǶƷԼ廹û˵ʲôƷɺƾϵľ֪ɵȥˣȻȥǱȻȥĵ
Խǽսʿ·ɱɹļʸɱʣ׼ͷģֻϼܰ쵽
˿ޣʮףǾ޿̺ͶԸ˵ķһֱӻӶľ˹
ʱͻȻʩչ׷硯ʧ˵ߵУͬʱѼٶȿԽʮ׵ľ룬Ȼʩչ˽ʽһʽ
Ŀ꣬Ǿ޴źԴ


һһ еĸ
һ˲ٶȺͳֻмע⵽еѾԱ
һ̣״Ľͬһݺݵײھ޵ͷϡ
һߵֱӱһɽ͸ڽĳи£Ӳֱͬһ
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һȳѪˮ罦һͷһǾҲֱȥһԾ˳Ӷ֮Уնɱ˼ԼˣȻȵڳǽϡ
¶Ӱֳֿ֮Уɱ޺Ȼ̬˲ӡоߵ
һϤ˽ϼ˿̶˺
ݣǸ֣ͲԶͬʱǣûκһ˷ǡ
һ˻ɱޣи֣Ҳûʲôˡ˵Էɱ˾ޣǾһ
֣֣˴ͷ˻󣬼е˶ڸ
ܿ죬Ӹµľ߱㷢˴УһֳֹŹַȣ͸ߴٴȡſƬ
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ˣǻ˲һУеζЩѰζˡҪ֪˺һӵǻ۵ûرԭǻƴ
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ʱһֳַȴ˷ʦڿոձԼɱľʬ塣
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֣һѾͽԷĿץ˹
ڱٻ˲ɱӵߣʱкܶʱԻȡᣬֻʱ̣ܶһΣǰס˻ᣬȡ˶ԷĿᡣ
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֮Уɱ·ˣȻͬǻʸ͵л۵Ƥ׺ܺõΪֵ˴󲿷ֵĹ
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Ѿ·ȫֻҪֹͣӶеĳ̾ͻᱻû
ָоͷ·ڵı֮ҹƯһյµƣʱܱͷڵĺףÿξ˹ǿɢŹ
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մ˿죬˳ָȻΪΪ˱ˣžգȥɱޡ
ʣͬ뷨ռ˴
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ȻΪǴԼˣϼǵģ֪ԼԾǽǰæۣ˿ֻ̣Լķʽ
ȷǱΧԼԼļƻ·ϣû뼸ѪľҺָԪȻ󿴵ͷޣڼ׿⣬ȴֱʩչʽеʽ罣
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ֻһ̣͸оеԪһ˲䱻ա
֮лĵطſƬ˲俨ƬһתܿγʮͬĽϯ
⽣֮̾ͻᱻʬǾʯľҲһ罣˴Ƭҳ
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ĻҳʯѪ⵱УһƬ򳹵֡
һ罣ȼоߵļ飬ǺǿĹֶΣһĿɿڴһЩɫϾ
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ɹˣͷˣ߿һĻֱӱһ󻶺
ܿ죬ǾͿƺ˱ŭУͬˮһ˷Ǹӿȥ
ȵѪͻҳɢѾˣ³ǽϵľжһȻɵ˾ޣǸǿޱȵľ߹Ҳ׶༪١
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˿ҲǰеļվڸߴλвľѾɱٻ־޵˼Ҳһɱ¹̷ߣЩ٣
Ǳ֮ǰӢ׳ٸȼѪʣµһǧҵľ߶ͬ飬ſ϶ľ;ʯ޲ƵĴţǽ¼ĻǹūͿģֱٻ
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ΪѾ׳ҡ˵˿һɽµľʯСոʩչʽʽû뵽Ȼ˲䱻ԪҲ飬罣ɵĿֲɱĻУû¼ѪľҺȻʩչ׷硯㵽ʮ֮һɽµʯ쵱С
ոջָԪ֧ӻسǱʱһһ㱻ΧҲǳԲ˶ߣҪǣϵƤأҲһףҪ˴лɱֻ޸ǳ롣
ڣָԪֻҪһʱԪָ֮ʩչ׷磬سǱ
յ뵽ոջɱǸֳַȵ˼ȡһᣬ͵͵ȡ鿴
ԺĿ᲻ͬƫֿľʵķƤйͷëΪΣǷ·ѪһԲδż̵ĺɫͼ


һ աѪū
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ϳһҰҪʮԪҰ࣬ǷΪֿƬ
𵴡աƬȡơ
ܺϳɳ֣ȫǿ˿߿Ķʮ˸ɸӵʣĿƬֻС𵴡͡աûСƬȡ͡ơֿƬ֪ǰֿƬֵļߡ
𵴡һַĻ򡢱˪ȫͬ˵һ־񹥻Σ֪Ρ
ȡһţ͵͵Զһͷš
ͷҪһԪڳ߿ᵱв٣ԼҲһЩԲȱ
£𵴿ƬʧʮǸֳּ⵶͵һһʹĺ
Ҳ˶ѡ
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һĻ̾˿Ȼ⡮𵴡ĹʵǺ˵ûκɱֻĿʧ˻һУʺѾӽҲ˵𵴣ٿöʧȥһʱս
һ仰˵ȻûʲôɱЧԲ
ǲ֪ûЧ֪һӵʱõʧȥսЧҲǼΪǿġ
뵽һ㣬Ǹ
𵴣һֿƬաͬڷûκιֻһֿȡĿĿƬ
֪Ԫкܶǻ֩벿䡢ʥѪǰˡ
ǼиԵϵЩˣﲻϷֿصڣ϶ǵԡֻҪտƬҪȴǶʮŵԪ˵ǳİ
ʱֱӶһʹˡա
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ɱɱѪǱ빥һǱѪЭ飬Աɹ
ҪҪǵĵˣ
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׷Ͼͻʱ϶԰ҳҪ⣡
⣿ԣҪ⣬ЩԪȾ߾õʳ
һĶ䣬ʮңǴӵзõϢȻһտƬЧǳãȻĿԼЩ˵ԡ
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ı˷سǱ뷨ȻԾȥѸޱȵǸڣȻһѿסǸѪūĲӡ
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ǸѪū˿̱ÿҪˣ룬ԥȡһšա
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ָɣȴǶѪū³һӵڡ
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ȷƲǣһЩĺۼЩ˼٣ڵķ㣬ʣҲ⹾µġ
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ո˿Ѿ֪һϮǸѪйأȻˣȥǸѪһûаջܶԷһΣΪ׷磬ʽĵʽȴкܴջܶԷ
ҪԼ·ȥǱǹŵ̱ڵϣϵģֻĻ뷨ֱһŶԷѨȥ
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ǰһңϵĽݣݾͷһʯšƿʯţһ֪û߹ȡ
ѾȷǸɽȻֱͨǱ
ͨôֵģЩѪ֪𣿡ʹ࣬СȻǲѡ
Ѫ岻֪ͨ޽һǱҵȣͨҲֻԤһҲżȻ֪ǸʱѪ巢ңкܶѪūˣҺ£ԾͶһֱڣһֵ˵
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ǰǰ濴ƹ⻬ǽϣһš
ǰһƣȻƿŵһߣǳǱڲ
һϳط֮ǰǱǱʱ·˳ǰһ£ͿԵǸѪҡ


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˿̣Ǳǿһˣյ˵ԭĹίԱͼбŶӵľѾӷֵܵ뿪ǰֵ˵Ľǳ
Ȼ֪˵ĽѪйأȸɵѪ˵ܽ˵Ľ
࣬˵һǱ޽ߣôһ֪Ǳаźܵɣ뵽ѪǸѾûڣͻȻʵ
ҲûڣֻǷǳذˣȻа취ǵضأ϶֪İźܵ
Ȼ˵ͷʮĵȻ֪ҹԸΪЧͣ
Цһһﵹǻ飬ǲ˵ץѪڵұȥ
ͬʱԸ˵ĴͶҲ·ܵĳٻֻ̻𣬷ɻ˳ǱС
ֻ˿漤սûע⵽һ㡣
ٻͶȻҪԸѪȻҪȫԸдͶԼôɵѪ˵ǰ϶ˡ
վһǽǰһֱڷȻ֪סŵʲôˣһֱˡ
ﲻܽȥǸߵѪϢأ಻ܴȥСѪūһֱ˵ʱ򣬴Ͷ˹»Ѫ״̬վ
ͶѪūЩſ£֪ǿޱȵѪսʿȻūͺͬͨǸҵİš
ఴĳ˳ô˼·ֲڲͬλõש飬һƿһţ֪ǡ࣬Լδܽҡ
⡣
Ŵ򿪣ֱӳ˽ȥҲһ𹾶࣬
밵ţһǸǽڵĴȻһ͸ˮײģǸѪվһߡ
ͻȻԷһ㶡
㣿ԪȾߣôģѪŭһſһѪ˫Ȼ˹
ξҶԷ鷳ģȻ˵ֱӶ֡
˹ȥ˦һߣҲȡ֮һͬΧѪ
һΣϴͬԼҲѪƽ֣ѷԷڣǿѹѪ
ߺٶȱǿá׷硯ٶѾȫԽѪ˵ǶԷһѪ˫ܷеĻͰˡ
ˣѪҲֻʱ⡣
ǴУֻĸӰֱۻңʱʱѪἤһֿƬ޷̣Էٻһͷݵľ𣬵½ͽǸﵽ׼ľնɱ
ѪĽʬصĵڵϡ
ڹСѪū˿ڵɪɪѪǿֲϢѹ͸
Ȼ˿ռƣѪҲϵΪǿӵнͨ˺ҲֻѪ˶ѡ
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˿׼ᣬֱȡһ𵴿ѪʹãһֱУϾֻǰʱʹ𵴵лָʱ䣬Ѿʩչ׷磬ʮ˲һѪࡣ

ͬʱ˵һʽ˲䣬ͽѪؿڽ飬͸һڴСѪֱ󱳡ǽڣҲһһƲǽڡ
ҲѪҪҾͲţͰζ飬ܻҲͷһκѲĶֲһ֣ȫһѪĸ߷·һһݺݵˤ˳ȥ
⻹㣬Ͷٳ˹ȥеĳնѪ֫˫ȷ϶ԷܻŰ֡
֮ͬǰԤϵնɱѪɾûô򵥡
һ̣Ŀ䵽һˮײϡ
ΪײĶ͸ģһ۾ͿײһŮˡ߽һҲǲһͣԭȴΪˮײŮ̫ˡ
ȻԷ˫۽գƺ˳˯һ㶼ۿۣһʥַ࣬ĸо
ֻ˿Ů˰Ĳ֮ϣȴſһֻª𣬼ҧŮ˵Ƥʡ
һֻƺҲڿǼͣһ˫ƶС۾תתȥȴǸһϤĸо
֪ôģֱֻѪϢһģһȫһֱôЩʲô
Ӷ֮Уݺˮײϡ
ò˵߿ˮײĵӲȣһ֮£Ȼһ¾ͽˮײ顣
ˣǸҧŰŮ˲ӵûɿڣֻԷǳԵĸоֻ˫ɢĳ޺ͷŭԼһĲʺͽš
Բһֻܱһӵǻ۵˼ˡ
ʲô˿ѾȷйŹ֡һ£Լˮײģ϶˿ֱֻ̣ͬһ̰ĶͽΣգҲҪҧŮ˵Ĳӡ
бŹֵ
һ˲䣬ͻȻоһΣҲ룬־ֻץȥ
Կ¶˼ȵķŭȻһٲӣȻᱻץ
ʱɿ죬һʵ˻УȻߡ
ܣôܷŹֵ뿪ȴֱӽķٻ˳
ƴеٶȣû˭ܱȵϰķ
ķץסһ£ķͬһɫһɳ۶ȥɳȥûԶֱֻӱķһҧס
˿̣ǿ־ͺ⣬һĶͽ
Ѿǰϵ⣬ᣬԸķðķĳ˺ŽעŵˮײеŮϡ
ʱͻȻŮ˲ӵ˿ϣմһλƽɫҺ壬ͬˮһԲ
ðһͷ
ĪѪΪʲôŮ˵ѪҺǽɫģ֮£ֽһλƽѪҺճָϣһ£Ǵһ
һѪȻشǧѧߣҲܽһѪҺ
ûи⾿ʲôѪŵĽ˳
һĻѾķ˫𷢳һŭ˻УȻҪӳֻķݺһڵϣȴûٷһ˫̶С۾ָһλƽѪҺ
֪һλƽѪҺ϶ͬСɡ
뵽ŽһѪҺһ˵ֻ̺ԪƷֻܱһѪҺȴûκ⣬ɾͿɹ
һʱ䣬鿴Ƭֻдŷǳ򵥵һ仰
ƽ֮Ѫ
ʵ˵֪ƽ֮ѪʲôʲôãȻ϶ƾֲֿ֤һ㡣


һ Ǻۡ˳
ƽ֮ѪƬպã㽫עŵǸϡ
ȵ߹ȥӰķצ½ץŷѾˡ
Ҳѹ֣ǱķҧһڣȻֱӲ˳ٱķݺݴһצһצķ϶ûעԲŵ˹ֱӹˡ̽һ𾿾ʲôֻ֣Ȼ뷨϶޷ʵˣôãֻ𶼺ѪѲϵ
ʵֻ֪ССǲ۵Ѫı壬ҶԷովֻһͿԽƽѪҺ¡ôĹƾˡ
һвûз
ѪƣȴǸ˼£̹
תʱȴͻȻ֣ԭˮײĵеǸŮˣȻ֪ʲôʱվԼ׵ĵط
˵Ǳߵİķһ
⴩Ű۵Ů˾ôվһ˫۾ϲһΪŮ˸ûκб顣
ܿ죬;òԾˡԼѾߣ⻹ҵУ˻΢ĶǺܸоŮôվģô߹ģȴ˿ûвķĸ֪ҲǼΪֲͬûз֡
ⱾЩͬѰңܿ죬֪ʲôطԾˡ
ŮˣȻûкûСһ仰˵۾ΪԼǰվˡոҲȷԼתôһӶ֪վһˡ
˿ĭͷһθоЩֲĽվԼ󣬶ϢȻŮϢ˿̣Ѿǳ侲
һ̣Ů˰ϸָָ̧һץͷ·ӿгһſƬ
ȷԼûпֱͬħһһŲ֪ĿƬƬһŽ⣬Ůڡ
Ȼ֪ʲôƬҲʶ㲩ٿһּΪ߶˵Ʒж߼Ǳ㲻֪ˡ
ܿ죬ʧŮ˷·𶪵һܴļһϢúǰԲͬ»Ȼ򣬰Ѫ֮ǰ϶ʲô취ѹסŮ˵ոգŮѾֿơ
һ̣ŮһָȴоΧĿȻһͣԼȻ޷ֺԪͬһ޷󾪣ʱŮ˵ָѾ㵽Ķͷ
һ˲䣬оԼһЩܶŮָ֪̽оͷ·Ǳƽ˸˵룬һж˿һ
ͼˣݺݵҧԼ촽һ£ǿҪ̶ֽͬУԽԽԽ
ʣŮ˵ʵĻҪֲ治֪ѪǸˮײĵеġǣŮ˺ܿͳһε
ȻǶЦˣЦ˺ܶ࣬имлȻҲһʮȷ⡣
Ц֪Էûж⡣
òǲŷҾɣ뵽һŮ˵Ķȴˡ
ֱһ죬Ȼӵסͷһ¡
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оؿֲŮ˲ԼͻͶͱˣҲоԷû˿УͷĴ΢Ϊܿ죬촽ͷֿȻ˵һߡ
ʼգû˵һ仰̲סҪѯʵʱ򣬰Ůһͷ·ûһʧ١
㡭˵һ֣Էķʽ뿪ĻҲûʳ
¿˿֪ǸصŮȻ뿪ˡ
֪ģоȻӿһȻʧԼҲ˵ʲôоģȻǸŮ˾ЦݺͶͷС
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ֻ֪ĶͷһǺֻۣɢһɫκʧ١
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Ȼ統УôԼԵΪҪ㣬һǱԼĵһݵ㡣
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һɨϼǣǴ߹ȥʱһѪĶ忴ȴ۾һ뵽ʲô̳˹ȡһõͷ׵ݸ
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УУϵܣ·Ҳûһ£ϳȡһõ·ϣȴЩĪ
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壬뵽ʲô˿ҲƺӦ˹ôġ
ǰΪʲô֪ţƷɺæʵ
ٺһЦܼ򵥣֮ǰҲˣϵʩչֶλɱֻޣ룬ǱѾ˹ˣ˵ЩĿеӢۺ;ˣûɱޣ˶Ҫɻ˵ˣǸոûмίԱ˰ɣҹˣǽ˵ڻң¸סһ£Ϊ߲㣬֪ôһǿľߣһΪǧеӢۣӣ˵Сˣ˴ǣŴǻô
ϼʱȴǷӦ˹æȻǽӢΪãӢΪǵĹ
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֪ǰ϶һ˸벻һ㣬ԷȻô˵ǵȷǽԼԼˡ
֮⣬Ҳһ˲ţȻʹһ㣬ǳǸԼ鶼ʮַḻܰϴæܶһǽôͿɼһߡ
ãҾģʱݣôָô廹ʲô뷨
ҪôʨǴƴ£ҪôԼ
ʱѾ˼ƽϣֱ̽ԼԼһζȣڰȫʨǣôʲô뷨Լʲô뷨ܻܿ
ĶԼˣҪչԼҲҪŵùˣҲȴͻȻҾǱô
˶һ㶣֪ʲô˼ϼͶƺʲôǺߣ۾¶һ˿â
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һڸղŵʱͶ㵽˳Ǳ֪Է϶ûԶȻƬ̣ǰСӰĴǰһͨǽ˹
ʲôǵһμѪūһǾޱȣȵ󣬴Ҳ档
ǵ֪٣һΪԲͨԷıҲһ֪
ͬ࣬ĿǰҲ̸ֻ֮ϼǿȻһǴûԺѪū˵ҲǾĿɿڴ
ȻաֿƬǲûм
ǱԭһȺѪеѪɵˣҲͳһճǣǱǳϤ֪ܵȵʱ죬ǾͽǱԼĴӪڴ֮ǰһ취ȥŪһػ߿ƬǸʱ췹ǹίԱҲûУ˿ֳһɼš
ߣѾվоߵĶˣţֻҪԼӵʵôҲܻܿá
˵Ƕһֵܺѡ
ϼʵǺʨʮŶӵĶӳһģƷɵӥСӣյķҶСӶһɲ
Ȼ˵ȫȷΣԴ˿յͬѧʲô㣿
ǲ£ǿû뵽꣬ձǼæ磬ǴʲôҶԸţѷǸʱҾ֪ûʵǴ粽У㣬Ը㣡
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ãҪˣҲЦŵ˵ͷ
ֿ˿Ʒɣ߹һЦȵ磬ɶҲ˵˵ôɣϵɽ͹ӥСӾ޶
ڶ壬֪Է϶Ը⣬Ҳʡ
ãȻˣǿҾͲ˵ˣҽһվɣҪٶȷչԼİףȵʵ㹻ʱ򣬾ͽһǱǵĴӪҲĥĥˣİ˵
Ҳһ˭֪ΣֵǮ磬˱뱧ŲĸãʨǵĵȼѾ൱ȹˡ
ίԱȨߣӵǿõԴһ仰ܾʨ˵
ڹίԱģǾ߹Լ켫̻
ʱʵϾ߹켫̻ʨ֮ⶼǸԵľۼأһЩŶӣҲһЩС͵ľۼءϾ˭ɵһʨǻ첻ȥҲط
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ʮŶҲǹ̶ġ
֮ͬǰġҫӳ͸ӳɱĳԱҲ˲٣һҹ߽֮⣬߳ʮŶӡȻ˳˽ҫһηŶӡ
ʮŶ֮µģӥҶС;СӣԼҪ˵ʵԲСֻӣ󲿷˶ûоѵͨˣֻǡ
룬һϾʵڳǣҲͨߣѡ˾ԿɵǣȻǽһɲһľСӣ֮ǰĺƤǣҵ
£İǳ˳ΣľԼüǣΪǵĹûнڣΪѡ񡣵֮ѣһӹɵġ


һ ·׷
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װһ£Ȼϼ˳ʱڣǽӴʡý֦
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ΪѾߣڿͬһʱٻֻūͣöҲûʲôһĺڶ棬²գܵƤ׺һͷڵ⡣
ͶֱѪڣһѪ壬ǼһŮѪڣûвڴŮѪ廹ҪһЩ
ֻϧѪ岻ܼ̫ڡͣһ鶼磬ֻҪ黯״̬»Ѫһɹ̫ͻữΪɻҡ
·Ƥס׺ͺڲĴȴǿ»⵹˿
ʱɫѾǱһƬǽ壬ʬ壬˵ģҲоߵģŨҵѪζܿʳǰ
˿̻ŵľҲ½뿪ǱȻ˭ҲǴŻŵľԱ뿪
Ȼ˺ܶˣϲûжپɥ磬ƽ£һΣʶʲô֣ʲôӢۡ
ǸֻһˣֳǧǿȺɱֻ޵ˣҲ·ӡһ㣬εĿӡҴľߵС
ڷʨǵ·ϣһɬ̾òŵľ˵ˣҴûмôľߣһǲŰ
һľҲһĬεҲţʩչֿɱ޵ĽҲܻ֮ôΧôܻģιίԱһǵľҲһڣδزܻɱǾޣҲᡭȻû˵ʲôҿó˵ֲ˵Ҷ֪϶ǰӶˣǵڻҡ
ݣ˵
²ôˣǲҲǺǵģҲҪίԱָľҲ˵
ͬĶԻҲСӡ
һΣίԱĺܲصȻûʲô֪·ȴˣ϶ǴûǵʵһǸɱ˾ޣһǧ߰һӲˣս˿ڳϣҲ˵
һԣ۾ף߬ȭȴû˵
ҡҡͷ߹ȥǸүǣҲҳĸ֣ҲģҾδػô
ʲôȻ̧ͷһ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ǹɱ޵Σ϶˭ȥˣ룬϶кУֻûпѣûûг֣һίԱᣬˣдΪЦ˵ܳΪСӵĶǾҲˢӣȴ뵽˺ܶܡ
ⷬҲǸ
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Իʨһˣ·вپߣû˻װͬܲ͸Ĵ
ԭɽµͱҳ˷ֻмͣһЩصطĳѣ԰ڣֻܶܲлʨǡ
ʱȴʮֹŹֵĻ˵ǹŹ֣Ϊⲻͨԣһԡ
ѾͨԣԷ˵ԾȻ˵һö
⼸ͨľߣｻ̸ǲñǵĶԻݣǲ֪
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ǵǣ˵ЩҲʵ̫޴ˣǺųƵĸǿĲ䣬ȻǸǱƣ򣡡
֯ǵǳǱ޹أסһεҪʨǲ鿴µԪ쳣֯²⣬ĳĶмֵҪߣһŲܣڴ˵꣬ǲ⼸Ҳһֱǰȥ
ǵĶԻСҲأɱ˼䡣
֯˵ǳصһڣΣգٴĿǰǵзѣһҪȥ̽ʨǵµ쳣ԪҲʱȥʨʲôܡ
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ǿ˵ĵʲô
뵽Ѿ˴㣬ȴǲɫĸ֯ľߣ·ϲеľкܶ࣬ǲıʶơ
·ʨĳӣǹίԱĽӦģһ˵ʡ˫·ЩǰĴͳװɵģһʮ˵ĳ棬ǰ棬ĸߡ
һ·۳ңǻصʨǡ
˳ĸ߹±ע⣬ֱܿ뿪ǲ͵͵ٻһֻ飬黯̬׷ٵˡ
֮Ȼûй׷ȴһѺ֣ƮΣһ£Ҳѱ˷
ԼûлرǱ߶Ʒǻȥޣһӵһʱס
ʨǵǾһЩӪݶõľ塢Ƥϣ˵̴ðʱĴ̡ѷѾȥ߸£˿ʨǵѾγ˶ϱĸһΣ˿Ѿ˰ˡ
һ࣬Ȼӿֳ˸ָֻЩײһ£ͨ࣬ȻҸطܳɽͷԳĳĳᣬĳĳձѣƤ֮ͣ۸ʲôΪܻȥ


һ ̰Ե
˿ҵʱŵһȭģ֮ܿȻƾɵĴķӣͼһͿȭǺ⣬Ϊ˳սȼͬʱɭ桯Ҫֵط
λֵܣʲôܣǺȭĵ̣һǧһİɣ˵뱻˴ſһƾɿ磬ȥΪǿ׳ĺظ֤
һͨˣûоѣʺܲһڣԷڵԪҲʮλ˵һԾ͸öҵĴͻֵṩõķ
ǸλֵҪŮ𣿸ߵġġֵġݵģġ̴ģСҪֶУ۸ˣ⣡⺺Բһô˵ˣԵü졣
ʲôҪסңֱӽŹϡ
һ·׷ٻĸ֯ľߴ˿̷ɢʨǣֻԼһʵģֻҪǻͻ֪
ʱ䣬Ƚı׼
һʱ䣬ѾٻƣһĿǰ˵սֵѾԺԲƣҪԸģٶǶѾﲻʲôæˡ
ڶڴƣսͲĳóǶ졣
ֻһ״̬ƣܴװȼҲֻһٲҪģһȡʮŶƬȥƷɵ˵ĿƬﻹвٸԣһδ㽫ȥ
ͷвٵԪͻԪǳ׾ͽٻ˳һŶƬ˹ȥ
۾һҲ˵ϻֱȡʹҪҪһСʱϡ
ߵһߣȡɭ׳濨Ƭ
ɭһӵصأͬԼ³·ڵһĿǵ׳棬ǿԶտᵱдŵԪ
ʱ䣬ɭ׳ѾʮԪ˿Ѿڴϸ׳ȥơ
ɭֺ󣬲ϵתƣһƺ֣ȻһС
Ӷͨʵ棬׾˽ȥ
ûɭѾΪūͣԼʱƺɭĶ̬ټ϶Էֻڵ»ҲҪġ
ʮӺȴͻȻõɭϢȫһԪĹ֪ͨɭͼ
ԷҪʳԼͬ⡣
û⣬ɭֻҵһЩµߵȻͬ
һݹȥ㲻ᣬǿʼ͸ĸ֮һ鹵ͨԷʲôλá
ߵūͣһ鹵ͨķϵֻҪԸ⣬ū͵λá
˿̣ٵε·⣬Ҳ֪ʲô֪ԷûкͬϣǲҪż
֯ĸоǾأ֯ڵľ߶ʮǿãʨǹίԱᶼȲ֯
֪֯λڸһݵλãߺȥû뵽ԷȻȽʨǵµһһԪϡ
ȻˣҲһ£֯Ҫʲôʨ·ʲôصĶ
ʵʲôԼĶ֡
ջʶǱѾ˴룬Ӧúܿܽļ𣬵ʱԿܴʲôװ
ʱͻȻӿһɹɭ˳
ֻһ֮ȴǴһɭ뿪һСʱʱ䣬˿ѾˮͰϸϣ֮ǰһࡣ
ôˣоɭһѪ֮Գ˺ܶʳɭ̳ʳһǲ֪֮ǰҲûʱɭ棬ڼȻ֪ˣһɭ壬ô߾ͻٴζһǿū͡
ɭ棬Ѿھū͵ķˣһЩʱúɱҪͬΪѪҹǿ
˷ޱȣһǸɭ´Լȥʳ
ɭһ浱У֪ɭǽΧɵġֿ⡯˸⡣
ǵЩСɣһ㶼漰ʳ⣬ֻдСѡҪţʳȻǱز٣еʱɾҪЩʳ£Щ񣬶ǣʳҪġҡԻܶණ·Ůˡ
˿ںȭΨһһÿڵУһžʱװĺڸ²񡣺ȭûãΧСҲʮˣУֻ͸ǾߣĶûоߵͨˡ
ʱһԱײײ˻һ֮ɫˣǱ⡭⡭
żԱȻǽ
ǸžɾװĺԾǺȭİ˿üͷһ壬ȴǵʲô˵ôˣ
ǳԱ˼ŵȫûˣȫûˣ
ͬʱ䣬洢ʳıѱͬһʱ䶼һɨգЩǵСᣬʳ˵൱ҪνвţǻѴ󹤷ܵʳϴһգȻ־ŭ
飬һҪ˭ɵģСϴһĿǻЩʳǻ˲ʱ;ǣȱپߵƽߣʳȽһҪֵǮļµҪʡ
ܿ죬С˾ͷ֣ǴʳĵؽѺͱ⣬涼бڿͨǵҲߣӵһЩū͡һСľСëֵͼūͣʺȥ׷٣ܿ죬еìͷָˡȭΪЩͨͨȭĵ̡
ȭû뵽ǻᱻΧһͬɷһ㣬Ҫʳˣȭ˸֪ʲô
˿̣Щһ֪ٴιɭ棬ѾЩĿɿڴˡ˿̵ɭѾͬͰϸҲӵ˰ףȻĳ廹˺ܶ࣬Ҳһ־̬
Ĺ˿ԼɭʵѾﵽ˶ϵȵˮƽȰķҪ
ʱɭƺ֣ʮһӵصоͱһֻë
һ֪ëӦĳߵūͣк棬ôоߵūʹӵص
ʱɭѾ콫ֻùĴëгȥ
⣬һƺ˳ͻ


һ ɲ
ߣӵԶԶͨ˵ĸ֪ڿӵĻзֱÿһ˵ĻֻͬĻ£ǼһֻĴ
ȻЩԶԼԼ˵ȴǿ
Ƭ̺Ūô£˿ɭЦһԭԼ潫ΧСᴢʳ̳һգҲֲڶ̶һСʱ͡
Ԫʳǿɭķ
Щ˿϶ͨص͸ոһֻë͵ʳںȭĵ̣Ҫ˵
ᣬĳͻңѾǹǳͻЩСῪʼΧȭ
ΣֻȽɭ濨ȻϿڵ沿Ķ˳ȥ
ȻѾҳһˣȭĵ̲󣬳Ҳʮ䷿ӣʮˣǶŵʮˣʣȭ˿̴ơںȭϾסˣ˿Ҳ鷳һܵӰ١
ϾҪϣ϶ǲ뿪ҲЩԱҪ֪ίԱҲΰԱģһ£Щһְ֣ɻƴ϶档
ҪѲȭĵطڽҲ鷳£ڿɲκ鷳Ҫ֯ĸߣǵĶ
λֵܣ˼֮ǰǮ˸㣬뿪ɣǺȭ²ǣˣ֮ǰдǸſĺӿε˵һСʱǰĵ֤Ǻȭĵ£ڿɵãԼԼˣΪ˼
һ㶣ȭµʮֽúҲͷ൱ϡˣȻȭ鷳СôͣЩСᶼţҪȥѲ顣
ǽȥѲ飬ǾйһĳԱһӣȥʮ׺ȻҲһߣҲĳСϴ
ȨӣɲôģǵҲ⵽ϴ٣ƾʲô˵ǸɵģȭİҲǴžɾһ˵
֣Ҫܼ򵥣Щ͵Ƕͨصھ򵽵ؽ⣬֮ǰôë٣ҵǽȥѲ飬ǽû꣡һӵľ˵ţֱӰγһǹһѵһԲϾͻ֡
⼸ϴҲһ
ʵϲȷǲǺȭģճȭһʮˣֻߣеʳ͵ɸɾ˵ЩϴҲ֪ȭܿԩġ

ںȭ󣬶ҲҪһЩʧȻҪԺȭᶯ֣һѲҲҪȭĶߣֱСᣬϷǵĵ̡
ǵֱÿ춼ᷢÿ춼µİͬÿҲһЩСʧ
ǿʳõõڹ͡
ۿҪִʱֻ߳һ£˵Ŀⶼеϡ
ЩƴʨײˣǷǳ˽⣬ǿΪһҪһ˵һʱײ켣˼£ǶӣǼ¡
£һС鷳Ҫһ£ȭ»еߣҲźǵҲûʲôοڿȭϴ󣬾Ȼʮ졣
Էϴŵľɾװ˺ǵʱһųǵʱΣһЩӡȻڳǵʱԷҲ˷ɢӵʨǣǳôһСᡣ
Ȼˣ͸ɲˣϾһС¼ԴͷԼ
߳ЩײԱһ㶣Ȼ֪콫סҪʲô
ֻǵеľܸо򵥡
Ҳ˶ѣձΪЩʵбľ߶ڳˣ˻ĶǷǽ࣬Ҫʲô
ǸһӵĴ󺺴˿´һȴλѣ㲻ǺȭˣǾи㣬뿪òҪǺͺȭ֮£ΪԼá
˵ֻﵱвζԡ
ԷֻһߣʵԴһбȽϲĽ׶Σúú˵⼸һң뿪ڣûֺˡ
һ֮뿪ҲΪԼã
˵֪ǵĶڶΧѾͨѶϵ壬æһ¡
һ⻰¶һݵɱСӣôǹˣλҿСӺͺȭһ֮ѣ˵ҲʧԵʳйأǾ;Բܷߡ
һеľߣӦҲûʲǫ̂ҲΧ
ѾúЩ˵˵һʵʮˣҪ涯һɱģͲŪֱȡͨѶ˶ĺ롣
һȡͨѶҲһ㶡
ǿ֪ӵͨѶĶͨˣС˵ͨѶ
һʱ䣬Ҳ˸òк̨
ҲᰡԷҪȭᣬǶ֪ȭѹʶʲôбһʱҲ֪Ρ
ȭǸϴ˿ҲҪǣȴ߹ȭλֵܣ֣嶼飬˶ڣ㻹뿪ɣûҪΪ˰ˮ
Ȼ֣Ϊָжŵ۵ˣҲΪԷʵϰﲻʲôæȻˣҪǣɵˣǷ顣
һЦû˵ͨѶʱѾͨһͷû˵ʲô£ֻǸ߶˹ͨѶ
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ӣͿ˹һǳһƤһæ˹ȥ
ǰĳиԵıʶȻ⼸ڶģǲ֪ܲԴ˿ѾŻˡ
ĪǸո˵ĺ̨Ƕˣ
Էֻʶһ۵£Ҳǲģڣûж֣һǸ˵ܺŪȥ
ܿ죬ӳˣȴЩ˹ȥȻǶ屾ˡ
һ³ûпˣȴǻ˻֣˵˶ɢˣ˭Ǻҹȥ
˵ֱ߽꣬˺ȭǸСԺͷ·ȥԼһ
ȭҲˣһʱվﲻ֪룬֣壬ޱȣոǸ˴һͨѶԸ˹Էʲôͷ


һ 
ڶʵϾҲò˼飬ȭʵ΢ҪִмԳ
ȵһĶ֪֮Լˡ
ԭļǵѹΪһ£ǼС飬벻˶۾
ϵܣ֮ǰǸ˵עһʨǣ˵ʨǵĵйŹ֣һ˽⣬˽⵽һ£ҸҴģ϶ȤٺһЦȻ缱ԭ
ڶѾԼˣ֪ԷһصˣرҪϢ϶Լ˵
ʲô֣˵ʮֺܴʲôϢ
ʨǰһС򣬺ίԱĽŽʨǣ֪ǰһ֮ǰҵռһԺӣǸʱǾͷ֣ǸԺһصֻһʼÿ⣬ΪģͰﵱɴʳĵؽѣһСʱǰȥ˿ŷﾹȻһصʯţ
Ļ۾һԼ˵Ǹʯſ϶ͬ죬ҪȻרԼ
ʱȴͻȻյԼųȥԪɫһ䡣
һֱǸĸ֯ľߵеһǾڸոգ龹ȻǸˡ
һ˵ܷǶԷĴڣĿƬ飬ٴζĸߵٴһΣȻԷܰĸ٣Ҳɱİ취Էûô˵ǿɵֻ߲ݾߡ
ôʧȥĸߵټ
ʮֲˬѾ֪ԷΪʨԪȥģðһɲ飬ƿأⱾһ˲¡
ôˣ
㶣ɫ任ʵ
ûʲôڰ֣Ѿˣ˵ҲûʲôãԼ鱨ǳҪоԼз֡
ȻǴȥģֱ巢ֵǸʯţһڡ
ȵ߳ӣ⣬ȭѾվ˺ܾˣͶæӭȥ
֣ΪȭϴҲǺģӵʱ徹ȻǸǸ˺棬ƤһΪԷֻʶ壬˿̿Լ򵥡
֣壬Էľɲ£ҿºеߣҲܽأôûɲԷϾѾ㽨Լ˿϶Ҫ
뵽ͶԷ˵˼䣬ǵ˵ͷȻ˿֣˹ȥ
Ǻȭ֣ɣЦ˵
֣ͺȭܳ˵ǾǴƽʱͽᶼͽ᲻ļּĴ˺ɫ˵ʱһǼ
Ҿ֣壬֪֣ȻҲĵߣ϶
Ƕˣ嶼Ҫһģ֣ȻҲ⡣
ô֪ϲʶ󡭡
ʲôʶ٣֣һ֣̼ʱѾȷȷľɲ¡
𼤶ҺǳǺѣ˵ǻԼˣԺǾ͸ңҾʹȥ󡣡Ц˵
ϼСӣԻõ죬ð·
֣ȻȫţҲ֪һĭһ϶ƭˣǼ٣ٵ֪ˣҲ̵ͷӦȭİҲһΪˣȻһǷü
˺ȭ£ŴͶֱӸǸеʯŵĵطǹȻһСԺһЩͷլӡ
ѷ˿ҲΪƣⷿ˳ȥѹǱǿռģټ֮סѾʮá
Ժһؽѣ浹ΪһԼĪʮƽ׵ĵض˸ʳ棬ȻһŹֵʯš
˿Ŵվһʯǰվһԣ󻹸żͱ뺷£ȫǾߡ
ϵܣʯſȥЩͷˣǵ䶼޷˷ֺ滹һЩ·ǾҲһ˵һ߹ȥĨĨʯϵȻԿ̺ۡ
忴Ҳ
ǵʱʹѧϰԪĹʽãⶫֻһ֪ʶܶʱòϣеʱȴܷӼá
֮õһΡھо⾹ȻҲһԪõķ
йξ飬һʯϸӶǲص·֪̾ҲĳִԪõ·Ҫǣһʯϣܵ˼΢Ԫ
ֲǳСǶ߶δܸӦѾΪߵҲֻܸӦһ㡣
ɾһ㣬ѣȻԼ֡
һʯźͨʲôطȥһֱ֯ĸ߿϶ҲΪⶫġ
壬ǵˣס棬Բ©һҪ뷨Ӵһʯţʱ˵
˵ͷȴǳȥԸһ˻˿̣Ѿʼоһʯˡ
ȻʱҪƽʯŵܾԲ׵£Ƕ뵽һ
һʯżӲΧҿҪȥҲδطҪʯţԴڽȥҾͲڲͨЦ˵Ҳһ취ǽʱ䣬ɶ˽ھ
ֻСʱȥˣȴûڵʯź棬෴ȴڳһԼ嶼ޱȵ顣
ʯžȻֻһ͹𣬺漸׵ĵطּͬӲʯҷ·ôڶڲס
ָоΪˣͷ·ڵһ޴ޱȵʯ壬ôȥҲڲףƹһʯ塣
Ժܿ죬öͣˡ
ھ򣬾ԲʲôɹɴԱдģھֻ֪ǶҲ
ϾʨǣǹίԱᣬھ򣬲ùίԱᡣ
Ǹ֮ǰΪʯŵʯ͹ǹؼֻܳúо
ֱСʱˣ֣һȦһȦ·ĳԪתʯ棬ϴĦԪͬʱԼԪҲ˳
û뵽һ»⾪ϲʯЩ·ȻһʯźȻ򿪣¶һڵͨ


һһʮ ǿӡƬ
ôǽʯŴˣǶ嶼ʮ˷ܡκʱ˵ĺĶǼģھȻλʨ棬ǳĳصɫʡ
üἰʨйŹԪʱ򣬾ʹһȥ̽һ£ԪͿƬ磬һε̫δֻ֪϶Ź
ҲʾҪһȥͬʱ˼ĸ£һߡڲ֪ͨʲôط˶һҲǻ¡
ܿ׼׵ļ˾һ뵽ڣɶ°ء
һͨޱȣǰ棬Ǹٻһֻū͵̽·ȷ棬ūһֻܣһֻǣڴǸߡ
ԭ˻ЩţϾ˭֪ʲôʮӺʲôûʲôûȴ˿
оֵͲԴѾǵԪһԪͿʹüСʱǳķ㡣
ȻϴѾ𽥿ʼضǿˡ
ΪйԴһ·˿Կ
ͨһʼǰµĻȣ£ôԼĪʮӣǰһתĹտڣͬ£¥һ
·ϣķҲ˳һʱ򣬾ͻᴫݳһԪķ֮󣬿ΧĻҲʺУֻʵʵſڴļϡ
Դˣûκūֻͣһ˵Դ󲿷ʱ䣬˰ķϢĵط
磬طŹְоһֻ£Խߣͨ¶ԽֵǣͨΪ޽ģʨôⶫһ³˵һɻ
ȷ·ͨʯɣһǳӴ˹ҾĿǰͨ˳һ˹ôʲô޽ģ޽ʲôʱ
ǰ磬طòһĹɣǰѧǻľǵĹһҪӿզ졭һҲ˵
ֱ˺˵λһţͷҴǼȻһ죬ӾҪ֤ǵİȫ˭ΪԴ鷳ʰǣ
Ŷ£ǺһЦȻʮֿݣҲ˵ô㡣
ԭЩŵգΪһĻҲǷࡣ
˼ǰ˰Сʱµһ޴ķ䵱С
֮ǰٶȺµķȣϰף֮ǰͨһͬ־ʯ޽ķ䣬ܴ󣬵ֵϰ򳡣˵Ƕ嶼ܸܵһصԪ
֪ü˵ʨǵµĹŹԪ϶˵ľ
ֵգ˲ŷ֣ĵÿ׾һεĿӶԿӶȫǰɭɭĺǺá
ⶼ˹ǣŶһ´˿˵
ζһʹˣ˺±ҪĬԣһ·ƨһֲԸȵˣҲ֣˵ʵǿĸоǶƷҲδ
ע⵽Լ£ܵǺӣ¡
˵ͷȻԼƼ
ڶĴ㣬Ҳ֪ԼﻹвٶƬԼķۣܻܿãʱԷһҲʲô¡
˵ֽ׶ֻε˲ܵõԼĽ͡
ǰڹ⵱Ӷˣе׼ӣǽɱˣһΪԻߵֻǶһֹƷӼ˵
֪ӵ˼·ھ磬˭ΪֻŴ˵Ǿ˿ֲĩѣʶֹ˭ܿ϶˵ûй
ȻôﶼܿǱڵΣգǺҪĿġ
Ǻٻһ֩ūͣȥ˿һЩͷӲ鿴һЩͷЩͷˣҿáԣ
ȵӲ鿴⼸˹ǵʱȴɫһ䣺Щͷʣ಻һ£ô
ʣӵ˼˶ˡ
һͷԶĵżϰĹͷҲһ˹ǵĻȻǷǳֵһ¡
Īһӣʵ˹ǶЩӶУ
ôܣ
˿壬ҲͶһɻ󲻽񣬲ȻûҪ˵ٻó¾˹ǵĲͬ
йŹ֣Ҵ񣡡ֵ̧鿨ƬֱٻֻսʿֹĵطȻҪһСģѾߣСʻ괬ĵһá
˼ǰȴǿոյ׼ǿϰٸ˹ǹƵġ
޴󷿼ľͷһµʯףǰ̽·ľߴūȥ̽·ʱ
ͻȻӿһΣС
һͷܺһֻǸȥ˲䣬ͻȻһԵдܳһӰ
Ӱٶ죬һܺǵͱ˺飬һʱѪɡһ̣ǸӰѾǳŶһȥ
߸Ӧڴٶȹ죬ȴһӳȥӶĹ峤һ¾ͿǸӰϡ
أ
޴Էɣݺڶǽϡ
ͬʱٴγӰһһղǸߡ
һ¾ûϵҪʩԮѾãֵסǸӰĹǸֱӱ˵ҽһûϢ
ʱҲˣֱǰĺӰˡ
ʱ򣬶ҲӦ˹æٻūͣͬʱֵ˹ȥ
Ӱ˿壬ν˰ΧʱѾӰģ
Ƿ·εĹ弫Ϊܷϸкܶ·׿һƤ׿֮ķ϶ͬһһά֯˫ֲλĵУָоһմγɵĹŹǵ˫ϥǵ㣬һZΣȻṹӵмΪֲĵԼٶȡ
Ӱ̱֮ɫһ֪ʲô
ƬΪֲصһǾͬһѪ飬ôƬ
ȻǰֻֻͼƬֻжı׼ʵϣȴǶĴڡ
κƬǸԵȼǿĴڡ


һһʮһ ԩ·խ
ԭΪƬзѺϣֻƬںһô϶Եһ
ʱ鷳
֪棬Ѿʧһˣ̸ɵֻƬţƬٶ͵ϮԼ֮⣬˰ڶܱɱ
ûκγɣ̷ҵĹ
ûк壬ֱôķֻǣסֻƬԼſ֮Уһ׷͵˵ֻƬǰֱһͳ˹ȥ
׷硢еĶһǳɣƬٶٿҲܷӦùֱӱһС
Ѱӵ޷ǣ˿׵ı˺飬һֻƬŰĽ˲˺Ƭ֫ϱɢһأǣǲûѪһֱ䶯
һֱȡһŷ˹ȥһգһֻƬ
Ǿ顣
ûκζĶǲϧ׷磬ҪﵽһɱЧƬ˦һŷ
ߣԲôͽ
ֻƬҲǱֻΧѪԿѹһֻƬֻսʿƾҲǣסԷ
ʱֻƬһ̶˻Уٺ࣬ǴҲ϶ԷٶȡǿٺʮףȻȻײһǼ׿ڵЩ·άһĶʼƺͽһ𣬼ʱںϳһһĹ
Ƭںϣʵֱӱһ࣬ڶԷ׼ʱȴ·յʲôָ̴Ǹʯ뿪
û׷ȻƬֹﲻܵط϶ĳ˵ūͣ˵ҪԼ⼸˶֣óȻ׷ȥܻܿмơ
֮ǰܲ⣬֮ǰֵЩǿȴı˾뵽ҲϵЩӶмµ˹ǣ˵⼸ƬǶԷġ
Է˭
Ŀʲô
֪˭ԷѾ֪Լ˽뵽ˡ
ȻҲ뵽Щոһˣ˵ͻȻɫЩѿ
ϵܣǴ˱߸֪ʲôǻ˵ˣô뿪ҲЩģҶԷȻ֪ǽˣ벻˭׷뿪Ϊﲻʲôܣй¶ȥˣ⣬嶼ģ岢ûԳʸϾָֻţ෴ǳŷһʵˣȻֵ𾴡
ŵȻҵԸһҪˮʯ˵ﻹһЩôνǣ˵ʵȥ϶ΣգղλֵһҲܱ֤ǵİȫȥѡҽ飬ǻǻȥ
˵ǴʵΪȵˣ˵ֱһá
ʱ򣬶ȴǺٺһЦǾ仰ѳ죬ҶˣҲԹ첻Թأ϶Ҫȥ
ǱߺҲǵ˵ͷԥȥģȥģ
һҲǲԸ뿪ȻˣҲٶ˵ȴôȷ棬ȳʯݡ
Ҳ֪˶ףʮף࣬ʱڵˡ
ʯݵĳͬһ֮ǰǸطҪ󣬶ﵽǳɶѳɶѵ˹ǣ·һСͽһԿȥЩ˹ǵʮϡ
Ҫ֪ʮ˹Ǿ˵ʮǶôֲһ£û뵽ʨǵĵ£ȻصĲع֮ء
Ѿ֪ʨǵֵԪʲôˣ˵Թǳ֪ع֮ؾʲôģ˭޽ôһ½϶ûĿġ
˸յһ˸ɫҺԼٶ̺࣬յĶ㿪ͺٻūû⣬һɫҺš
˲䣬ūͱ㱻ʴһصѪˮ
۾һɣֻƮϮڵķλ翣ʺ͵ϮʱȻС˶֡
ͬһɫҺȻոճȥֻͷһ̶ļУ˻Ȼܵش
飿ԭ֮ǰ͵͵ǵ˾㣬ܺãŽԩ·խȻҲ뵽ع֮أǾͱȥˣһ˳˵гһɱ
ʱ˲ſ壬ǰһʯ̨վĸ˺ͼֻūͣĸ֮ǰٵĸ֯ľߡ
û뵽ĸѾˣһԼһ
˵鿨Ǵ˸ƣĸȴǸԷɢԷָʴҺͲһԹĸˡ
ʱҲˣǸ˵ɫ׾һ۵ľߣԷūʮر𣬾Ȼһ̯·һ֡ͬһ嵱Уźܶ˹á
Թ֮ϳūͣڶȴǷǳϡٵ֣һҲֻ˵û˵ûй̶壬ȫһִǿҸʴԵճҺɣͨʴ׳ԼһΪѲ
ֹԽڵճҺǾʵﻹ壬˺
ԷԹ֮Ҳֲÿ֮ǰԼĸ١
Ҳδֹ
ʱߵǸһµľȴ˵ȱԸЩˣֻСආѣĴ㻹ûг֣Ҫƽ˷ǵս
ǵã¾߽ڴ̣Էū;ȻһֻڿǼβЫ;޴ͬһСγһС
ȻǶߣӵڴ̾Բ򵥡Է˵Ĵ㣬ʵϴ̤ʯݵʱͷˣҲΪԭոնָûгȫ
ڴ̺ǵʱԲԼ죬Ҳע⵽ĸ˸ûƬūͣȻﻹһˣһӵƬǲǺڴ̿еĴ㡣
ҲûзҪ䣬¿˿ﵱһ޴Ĳع֮أһһѵ˹á
ٶףֻΣ֮⻹ɸʯ̨⼸ʯ̨룬һߴʮ׵ʯ̨ΧȫǺǣһȥʯףߵʯ̨ϣȻһ޴ı
Ǳϴ˿ǿһˣһԻżֻΪʮİټϽǶȺ;ԭ򣬾Ҳʲô
ʱǺڴַһߣڰĸλǾɣոƬ͵Ϯǵľǰɣг𱨳ԹԹǾͱҹȥˡ


һһʮ Ļ
ڴ̺ţΪŵıǮȻĿǰֻǶߣȴӵūͣҸһǿĹ
һֻ߲ŻӵУҲΪˣڴ֯ĵλĸߡ
˵ǸӵľȻܴǵ쳣ǣûнԷ
ЩƬӵǸ鷳ڴ֪̿ʲôطȻҲһʱһֱڽʵ˹Ƿõ׼ǿӵУܾܿЩƬ߸ɵĺ¡
ԣЩ˲ҪӵĶ֡
ڴ̻һ䣬Զ˷һߣһȺ˳жʮˣͷһɫͷżˣҲһЩϢǿľߡ
˲ŵǣʮУһ϶Ƕߣڴ̶ɫһ䣬ԣԷʵЩԤϡ
ܿ죬ڴ̾ע⵽Էвپ߶ʨǾӵ·
ʨǾӣԭˣҾ˵ʨǵôһżȻصڣ϶˹ϢҾʨǵĸ߲㣬ʵ˹Ҳǲϼӽİɣûв´ӦҪѺͼʲôȻˣʲôǶҪߣ˭סڴֵ̧һɫĶЫᣬȡһſƬٴٻһֻڿǼβЫ
ֻͶЫѹ˭ܺӡ
ոճֵһȺУһǰͷͬȡһſƬһ̣гһŹֵĺݣ⺣ݶڵϣ⺣ݱðֳάſ˼׿ǣƬ֮ͱһֻһ֧޴ǯӵƬ֮ǰϮǸƬҲ˹
ǸȣҲһٻԵūͣĶ¡ںڴ̵ˡ
ˣеʱ˵Ҫ۵ģҺܿĸոǼˣԸ˳ңҽеĿͿƬôһԷһ·ǵʬҲᱻǿӵС˵ǸͷͷһǾڸλ˿ƤЦⲻЦ˵
˵ͬʱһ֣ʮ˱Ƿֳʮˣܶڴ̺˶ΧסͷֻվֱͦˣȻֻˣȻ˵ʵǿġ
ڴɫ䣬ȴǰиԼͬ˸ƣͬʱû´λӦʨǹίԱίԱɣ֪γƺ
˵ԬͷЦ˵
Ԭ
һֱû˵ͻȻ뵽ǰͽ˹ίԱһԬίԱĶӣǸԬίԱòλɣ
Ϊȷһ㣬һԵĶ壬ߵ˵ͷûԬίԱԬ֪ǰʡĴ٣˵Ƕмߵѷ֮ͺ⼸߲һŴӺ;߽ʨǣΪ˹ίԱίԱ֮һһʵȨ
󣬶ֵϵܣǸ·ĺԬƺûнǷһᣬòɫɽۻطô˵
ʱҲǲò壬·ǳϵҲ⡣Ȼ֮ǰԼɱһֻƬԬǸƬӵ߲֪ôɱƬģӱֳʵʣڴҪԶԶǿҲֲûᱻӡ
Ϊ˲Է鿨ƬĶʵҲǹŲ˺ӺͶ
ǺڴһԬϣȴǵԭԬίԱô˵Щʵ˹ҲĹඣôԬίԱһ֪ʲôط
˵ͬʱۺͬѾ͵͵ȡһЩƬ۾ŽΧסǼӵľߡ
Ԭ˼ȴɨһ۵ˣȰ㲻ҪκͷҪɣΪҲ֪ǵˣʨǡʲôطҸǣҲδ֪ô£
ǿɲãԬίԱ˵֪ǵ֪𣿺ߣҿԪĵȼ֪Ҳʴʣڴ䳰ȷȻĿľ׳ԬеĻ
Ԭô˿ЦŵˣҲҪǵļ㣬˵ʱСӻûأԪĵȼȻǱҲǵеĳʵ㣬ԬĳھǣʲôطȻ֪ʲôطҸҲ޷ǱߵļСӣҲ֪ܵˣɶҪ
Ԭ䣬±ͻȻ֣ȻղŲҪ˵ֻʱѡ
˿̣ЩӵľٻԵūһʮ˸ߣֻԸͶ壬ʣµʮ߶ȥԸڴǡ
Щӳٻū֮⣬ȡһſƬͬʱ
һ̣Ҳʩչ׷磬˶ʮ׵ľ롣˲䣬ովĵطѾȻðһ
ǺֵļΪͻȻңԼ΢һʩչ׷磬Ȼᱻ档
ȻѣǶ塢ӣǴȴһΣǺСǶǣ֮ǰĺڴ̺ǼҲУһһıںС
ǵūҲһ
һºڴ̵ɫ䣬ֻ̹Ǽ᲻ɴݣȸӲ滹൹̣ЩжŹ̲źáһ£Ǻڴ̵ͨı죬һʱҲ޷ѡ
ҲҶ죡Ԭ˿Ц˵һ˵СޣղˣȻ˿ں֮ѣʵǲ˼飬ȥѣؽץסҪˣҪʬǧҪ⣡Ԭһı㣬һ񣬵ǣ
˵꣬һ֣ĸʿ̸׷˳ȥ
ʵʩչ׷֮󣬾ȡҹ״̬ȻͶھ벻ԶһǶѺ󡣿˵ıԬҲѹ뵽ոǸߵľߣȻھǲʮ׵ĵط
˿ԬһЦȻȿ˿סĶͺȻֳ˳һɢɱĺڴ̺۵ˣ󷢳һЦźڴ˵˾ˣȻʵһ㣬Ϊһû¸ɺСƨƤӣ㣬ֻΪ˽ǵĽ䱸ģҵͻȻϮáסȰ㻹ǴЫͣᣬ׷ˣҲھҰϵһ⣬ʲôʱɱʲôʱɱ


һһʮ սթ
Ԭ˵֣꣬ʿ˹ȡһſƬʵ廯жһŹֵĺɫǹȻȻڴߵ۴ȥ
Ҳһֻ˿̱˺УͨıҲʩչŴӺļ϶̽ĺɫǹֻܾǱС
ϴŵĻƷҲܿģһɭӲƤӲȳ2㣬ԵֵӵĻףȻ޷ֵǺɫǹ۷ǳı̴壬һȥ
˰ɣ˭˭ͱ˭ٹ룬ҿ϶ɱ˭Ԭ˿һĲûУƺղĲһˣֻһֻ档
һʱ䣬ǺڴҲһ㵣ŭԣūͺڿǼβЫ˿Ҳס޷ƾͬԬ˵ģѾǶԷϵһ⣬ʱܱɵ
ȻмȵĲʣȵķŭڴֻǱš
ڶͺӣ˿ҲûȻ֪ʱŭԬ֮٣Ҷ֪㿪˺˿ӦþͲΧ
ȻڵǼѾǳ˾ԵƣֻҪڣôսξԾδ֪Ըܽǰ鷳
Ǹϳ׼Ԭ˻֣˵
ܿ죬۾ͱϳһӶС
һ̣׼ĿӶз˿Ĺ죬Ƭ̲ʧֻΪǶȵԭǺڴǻǶ壬ûп淢ʲô
ûпûп
ŵĵطպþǸ׼ӲԶոտУ۵ʬ屻ȥ󣬾ȻǱǺɡ
ǾԲۻʬȥЩԭĹͷͿʼͷ·ǻһ۵ʬ˺ƬеѪⶼЩͷգֻʣ˹ͷ
Щͷ⣬ͫһҿ֮ǰûҶЩǣûµЩǿв̽Ѿ˵ˡܣȻԬ֪飬뵽ȴŰӰ񣬼ΪĿ˶ǵĺ
һ̣ûעȴһᡣ
Ŀڶ治һ׵ĵط͵͵ѹһ塣
һ仰ǶԪԪ˶壬ܲĿԼС
Ȼ֮⣬˶ûв
ϽȻûκα֣֮ǰһģһֻȴַڱһƣʾˡ
ҪԬĻȴǼæԼ뷨˵˳ȥȻ͵͵ص֮ǰصĵط
ţ϶֪ô
ʱ򣬴žʿȥѲǸСҲ˻ޱԬ㱨һȴɫһ䣬Ȼ¿˿
ϧİӰǳ˵ãҴ˿ҹעԪ󣬳رˣֻӵֶΣܷ
һûκη֣ԬŰ˰ֵ޷ֻһСѣӰǵļƻţͬԸǸСݣԬĳʨǵҪһʧǺѵ£˵Ķ𣿶塣
ԬеĶЦЦϳ˶壬ֻҲöǳȣȻСֻǣʮŶӵ˶ʣ͸˵ȫ߷ίԱˣԷϵԼʵЩ˼顣
ȴǹֳһԾɫЩӵ˵ԬίԱϵңʵңԬίԱҽһ£֮һᣬǷҵĵһŹֵʯţ뷽跨򿪣µȴ֪ԬίԱĵ̣֪ǽһӣҲ
ԬһЦݣû˵˼˵ơ
ҶҶ弱æոߵҹһߣСӵһĶԱ˵ٶȵĿƬŶĪĻ
ʮݼֱ޷죬˵ѻһȻԬûлɣתʵСӣСޣ˵𣿡
һǰһûУʨﲻ֪СŶ̫ˣһ֪СŶӡ
֪СŶҲʱСޣҪȥСӵĵϸ֮СӵκϢ𣿡ԬƤһгɱ
ǣС޵У˵ǺһֱͦͦվţȻǰһˣְҵˡ
ҲƤһȻóԬûκλڣҲÿԼ˳¿
ֱӰԬίԱҶ壬ԸЧȮ֮͡
ҪͶϣ鵹ǲֻƾʲô㣬ҪͶң˵ʵҲϣ֪ΪʲôɱΪǻãһǽᱻҵļƷԬһЦȴǲ塣
Щ´Ӹղž׼һЩǴףһЩŵһŹֵͼڷţѻ˼̨γһǳصͼЩ̨ԾǼ̨
һһתǿ˵㵽Ҫʲôû㣬ƾʲôҪǵɼƷȻǼƷǼ˭ﶼƹͷʲôûУ
ԬһһЦȴȤĿ˶һۣʲôûУЦ֪֪壬Ǳߴ·˵ļʶ磬Ŷˣ֪Ԫĵȼ֣˵ֱǶţ٣ΪʲôҽܺãһЩҲ޷׼˼µʱ䣬Ҫջʵһ죬ǽһƷûУǸ̨ϵᣬ׳ǵѪ͹ͷΧĽƾͻʧҾͻõһԵĸ߼ᡣ
һ£¶һɻ
ǲڰԬĻҲһ㶣֮ǰڴ̵˾ᵽ硯Ԭ˵ʲô硯ʶԼ䴥һܡ
˿̣ʮϣԬЩԪȼֵ鱨ֻԷ˵Щȴûټ˵ȥҲ޿κΡ
ԷᵽĻһᡣ
ƶһʵĵطмǸ̨ȥȻǸԱߣһԪֻڵеĿᡣ
ʣΪ׺Ŀᣬû֮һƤϣһͼ
ԭԬĿᣡа
ʱͻȻ֮ЩԾĶԾһʱҲ˵
ʱԬˣϻ˵ˣϼƷֻҪΧĽʧһҵˣ
ʿ̧źͺڴ̵һڷ׼õļ̨ϡ
£Ǽ̨ϱðŹֵḷ́һӾͽͺڴ̵ȫڡͬһʱ̣Ǹ̨ϵΧԪҲ֮ʧ
һ̣ΣڵϦͬʱΧԪʧƺֻҪǰȡߡֻʱͷһʶոʲôطԾˡ
ȦףһƺõȦס


һһʮ 
ʱʶǸԬǺεսթ֮ˡȷԷӸղſʼ˵ĶϷ
һʼʹֿԳ䲻⽫סġץԼͺڴˡ
ԷĻɼһߣǺڴ̶УԼ׷ʱѣոԬѾǳɹˡ
ҲҿԼˣΨһһöԷ©¡
ԶԷǸʱͿʼԲûΪɣͷѾ³ԼͲڸ
ոС޺ͼսʿѲ޹Ԭ¶ıȷһ㣬ȻԷ֪Լӵõ˵ԬĻ͹ʮ˽⣬Լʱ·ٷȥ
ʵҲϲϼ޻ԬڲūֻͣҪ·Ȼᱻ֪ûκη֣˵ӵ˻
Ԭǲһ֣ҪǸ˳
նǶᡣ
һ壬һֱ档
˵ԬѾǽȫѿסˣȻܱģԲֻһӶô򵥣϶йĽ飬Ҫ嵱ɼƷɱǲһ˿壬Ϳ϶뷨ӾԮʱȻ¶
ԷһˣֻߺͶϵһ㣬ô󵰸⡣
ոԬѾĴεǿĲҪԣֻҪһ߾֪֮ǵֻҪ׳ƷԪֻʧص㡣
˵û˭ֵܵջ
ǿĿľǿʵ磬Ҫľʵ
ȷԼȥӪȶ廹ȡᣬУ֮ǰоĲԾ
뵽һԬ϶ʵڲһö˼թƻĸ󻼣ǽ
Ȼ϶ƶˣǶԷ©һ㡣
ǾĹʵ
ѾߣӵԶߵĸ֪Ȼܸ֪ĳȻ˿̱֣ʱڻ
ϵԪȻʧҲܸоĳỹıƣԼóȻᶨȻԴ֮⣬ŶԷԼȡߡ
˲䣬˾
ûȥᣬҲûȥӪȶ壬͵͵ٻֻսʿֱԬƶȥ
սǳ򵥣Ǿɱˣвĵ˳ôκΣʲôˡ
ڵ˾ЩˣȽǳô´󼪣ͬʱţƥǻƣȦǺãӾȰ㿦ˣ㻹ܼܲˡ
ò˵ⲻƵľٶȻкܴգҲ˳ԤϣܴЧ
ϮͬʱģҪԸľԬˣ˶в
ȻĿˣԬԷʵ϶ߣֻҪˣھͶԬұۡ
εսεϮĹûκԤףһ̣չֳһߵǿ󣬼ҲǾ֣ʱҲǷӦ
֮Ȼɱֱʩչ½ҪһնɱԬҲͬһʱ̱սʿΧ
ѡʱһ˲չֳʵԳԬ˵Ԥϣһ˼ûκηʱ䣬ͱһնɱնϣѪɣǸС޵˷ӦȴҪһЩȻǼʱ𣬵˫ҲնϣȻҲͨһڵϡ
һֻ˲䡣
ͬʱעĵˣսʿӦٵҪƬҲ룬ֱš𵴡ʹ˹ȥ
ڶߣ𵴵ǲСģ˲ɥʧһй˶ݵĴ㵵С
һ̣ն½ֱӽսʿڵ߰˸һնɱ
½ǼΪǿĽٶȼ죬ɨеˣ㴩Ӳȳ3ĻףҲֵܵһǱնΣ
Ѫȣ
̶һ֮䣬нһĵ˱䲻Ļɱ
ֻˡ
ʱŤͷһȴǿԼֻ龹ȻǱһ·޵þץס˺Ƭ
þ־ȻǴԬеһᵱðģͬʱ⿨ᵱлдԪһЦԬڡ
Ƥһûκγɣӳ߿ᵱȡһſƬԼɭ˲伤
£һֳ־޸˺͸Ӿ޴ɭ֣ոսʿɭ治˵ǿѺݣԼڵĹ¼ǿū͡
Ǹֳ־޸սʿѪսһΪսĶʿ´ɱԬһоߡ
ʮʱ䣬Ԭ֮⣬ĲȫոǸС޵ߣҲǱɭһ̳ԣͷû³
һ˲䣬еսЧҲ൱𺳣Ŷ˵Ҳɭּ̨˵Ҳ̨֣֮һɺʧ١
ѲĶ˿̴ڴŴͷ󺹣ȴһ仰˵
ǱߵԬһĿɿڴ
˲˲˵ʵ׾ˣû뵽λСֵʵǡֳֹŹֿԬһƤ鶯һʱ侹Ȼǲ֪˵ʲô
һʧˡ
ΪԼԺ׵Ŀƾ棬ǶԷԼ֣Լаٷ֮ٵԷɱ
ǹ
Ԭû뵽һԵĵ˾ȻͣͻȻ֣ʮŶӵжӳһûǰôܻǿľߣ
ջǣ˿ֲһߣȻǲ֪Էκεϸ
ͺһƾðһ
ԬϾı㣬ǿԼ侲һȴͻȻ뵽ʲôȻǸػ߿ƬǸһ֮ɱֻޣǱΣǸ
ûٹԷȴԼūͽԬΧԷոһ˺ֻսʿҲʮּɵȻͳڶԷеĿϡ
ڶԷ³ԼݣҲ֣ԼոʩչԬ̣²Լݷǲ¡
ûдԷĻǶŶԷɢֲԪĿᣬԬίԱû´ɣ
ƲҲģȻԬӴ٣ԷԸȴԲֿɱڸ̨ϵˡ
̨Ǹ˳Ǽٻ͵ϼһ
ֻŷ϶Է·
ûϵʵǻ棬ûᡣû뵽ԬȻǴ󷽷ˡ


һһʮ 
˿Ԭһӵķŭڵ־£Ȼû뵽ǸӦڳǱ֮սȻ
ҶԷʵֱȴеĻҪǿԼĶʮսʿɶǾеľ˸ұۣһĶɱͬ׹
ǶȻƬ֮ͱɱ˸⡣
һﻹ
Լ罫ߣղѾֻɵˡ
Ƶת֮죬ȫԬԤϣţԼлᣬԼһΪǿֻҪõĺã˵ԻΪġ
뵽Ԭָֻ֮ǰĵƺո˸һϵûС
ϵܣ㻹Ǿͺã֮ǰǱ׳ѾʨǣѾ齫ΪʨǵؼӢۣĹ֮ǰҲ֪㣬϶Ѷ֣ȫһᣬˮԬһЦݣ̬ͺոһһһ
ݼҲ൱еϳɾԬƤҲµƶһ㣬˵ֻȻĲֱ޳ֲλá
Цһڻû͸ԷĵϸûóȻͶֳԬˡ
˻ţ˵һв
˵һллԬίԱඣ˵Ϸ˭ᣬȻ϶ҪݣҾһ
ȻϵܣҿǺܿģ㻹ǸٺòҿԱ֤ĹټʨǻüȨѡΪίԱίԱҲǲܡƺ⶯Ԭظ˵
ίԱίԱ
֪Էܻ𳵵ˣ˿ҲһȻίԱίԱȨѾǿλʨȨ۷ˡ
˵ģǼٵġ
Ҳ֪ԬǸԼ׳һ󵰸⣬϶ĿģŶԷ֪ôġ
ϣȴ¶һĶӡ
ҪԬίԱˣһ˵һ߹۲ԷĿᡣ
˵˵Լˣ˵ЩˡԬȻô˵ĿǹŹֵԪûɢ
еȷһΪĿᣬٻǿġսֻҪȴǴġ֮⼸£ʨǵ»˹ǣ콫µĺ֮գû뵽©
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ȵչ㹻ġֱ֮ٻʱκε˶ʲô
뵽ԬɱӿһЦݣҪľʱ䣬Աʱպ֮
ǰҲͨɫԬɲΪԼܽԷ˵ҲܳΪ˿ֲǿߡ
ǱƴıԷйǣк棬ԼҪһ㣬һ϶Լ
뵽Ԭֵϵܣ֪ʲôطɣҿԸ㣬УԪĵȼ֣Ҳһ㣬ҵĳ⡣
˵ͷԬиǵ⣬˾ˣȱ鰡ԼֻҪ˵ϸʮӣȵԳ׼ᣬôʱԼʱˡ
˵ϵǲţطѷ֮ǰǾͷˡʱΪĳŴĹӣֱѷ֮ɢŹֵԪ赲Щ￿ǲž֮صͷʨǡԪĻ֣ҲǴһʯϿġ
Ԭһ˵һ͵͵ЦоԼѾռֻҪܽסôʤվġ
ʱû˵꣬ȴͻȻЦһȻȻ˹
ϵܣôԬһ벻ʱ֣ȫԤϡ
ӦʱְҪԼѻ˵꣬ǲƵΪ
ʧĿɿڴԬ˿ȴǺԥʩչȥ
ȻԬ˵ʮ֮صܣᣬԪĻ֪Ҳ֪Ԭʱ䡣
ոû̶֣ҲֻȷԬûк֡
õ֤ǾǿԷķӦ
ԬķӦʱ䣬ԥĶˣԷʲôĵƣ϶Ѿˣʱ䣬ʱԷûʲôǿֶΣʱ򲻶ֲŽɵӡ
ܻڣǿԬһһС
ٶȼ죬ֻ˲͵Ԭǰ
ΧðһԪ㱣һ²ûд͸ֻǽ˴Ļ𻨺齦Ԫ
žʩչ˵ڶ
أ
أ
һһ£һԪԽԽԬ˿Ѿˡ
ϵܣ𡭡л˵л˵
Ԭôһ䲻ԣҪԷءÿһ¹ԬͲһͻȻ°󣬵ɲĵĹ
ڣԬ֪Լµһ֣Լ˵ʲôûˡ
ʱȴһ˿ͻȻģ֣㲻һҲ֮Ϊô𣿸㣬Ϊ֪ۣ
˵仰ԬȻǽеһȻһǿӵС
Ķ죬ֱӵ䵽ǿӵУûԪһֱӽ̴ĿֱֲӽԬ˺飬ϼ޻Ϻ˲
˵Ԭһǳթĵˣֻɱ˶Էա
ڶԷһвΪȻԬ˻ѻ̫࣬ѷֱԷ˵һ仰ģһ仰Ǽٵġ
ɱԬʶĿ˿ǸǿӣüͷһĺǴ˿̾ȻȫʱƣֹԽԽ࣬ԽԽ졣
֪æȥʩչŶ˵ĺĽϿ֮еķҲŽǺƿһӣǾ˳
ںڴǼˣûֺľǳ
ʱΧĺѾȫͬһ㣬ȻĻ㼯һ̣һֻֻսʿӺǶ˳ΪĺʮƵģֻƬ̣ΧսʿͶǧ
һǧֻһҲΧɱˣ뵽˹ȺС
˿̣ϣ컨ϣսʿ飬ӵС
ͺĿɿڴ˵һ仰ҲûмơʱҲԬǾ仰ʲô˼ˣû뵽ﾹȻֿµ塣
Ǳеĺڴ̣˿ͻȻ˵һ䣺ԭˣ


һһʮ ֲ
ڴ֯ľߣ֯һǳصĵط֪ڴ̶ȻǷʲô
ǱǧƣƵùΧס˵Ѿ¹һȴǰһĿ֮нźڴ̺ߵ
ֽ׶ΣֻӵֲֿĹ
ǺڴҲû뵽ὫǾȳһ㶣˹Ҳû˵ʲôȻ֪ǾȳΪǱǿƵİһһԸΧսʿ˶Ҫ
ν˵ĵˣѡ
ҲһٻūͣȡΧսʿԳ
Ǻڴ̣֪ЩսʿһǾֵܵ೤ʱ䶼һδ֪
ʱŤͷ˿ڴ̣ʵ֪ʲôطƺҲ֪Щùô£˵ǻһ
ջǣһ֪ʲôԪȼĻ֣Щù֣֪ŵ˵ķӡҪǣҪЩֲùôҲôϡͿҪô¡
԰ɣʵǿҸոõǸӰҲϳˣǰӰĶʬ˶ɱģ𣿡ڴûֱӻش𣬶˵Щ
֪סˣڵʵҲ֯鷳ԵͷûǶɱġ
˲𣡡ڴ̳ԤϵĵҽӵļУвɱӰʬ˵ĵˣȻ𣬲ӣ޷ˣΪǿɱ㡣һ䣬ҪС֯Ȼǿ󣬵֯ɱˡҪ֪鱨ҲԸ㣬㽫ǴŪĻоųɾŵĿԻȫȻˣҲ޷
ڴ·ǳ侲ˣ˿ǲĵԪ磬ǣ»᳹׵߸е֪
û˵ǰţ壬Ҳһ¶ɫ˿ΧùֻΧǸǲʱ䡣
ڴ̼֮ǰĴѣʵԪ֣һȾ˲һͬѾǵһηˣǵ磬ѾԪֵĵ磬Խ磬֮ǰĸ磬ֻ֪ĸԪֵǧǰ塯Ŀǰľ󲿷ֹﶼԵԪ确塯һǵ޴ʮ磬ˣѪԼ󲿷ﶼ硣УԽȱԪֵ磬˾Խǿĵȼ֣ԽǰԽ߹Խǿ󣬵ԪԪʥáڵڶ͵һԪ磬Ҳ֪ӦڵĳżŶ֪ʵںܾ֮ǰͺǵϵǰܶżͽ͵йϵ糤ǣҲһûв´ӦѹһǿĴڣЩǾΪ˻ǸǿڵļƷҲǱѹǸǿھԷǳ߼ڣǸѹĿֲӦѾҪˣǺܻܿ
ȻЩϢǶ嶼һȣǶͷһšһֱǶ֪һıѾô£ڣѾ֪һЩ
ֲǣڵ磬ȻĸԪֵ硣
֪ôģͻȻ뵽ǸڳǱеİŮˣڴ˵ĶģôŮĸԪ磿
ʵʣԪӦõȼͲŶԡ
ڴ˵ԪԪʥáôͿԽ֮ǰһɻǾǹڡʦͰķǧʯ
ԭʦͰķԵԪԪʥá
쿴Щʲôʱ򣬶һ´˿Դֵָһ˵
˼æ̧ۿȥȻһȺһִĺǱĸ̨ȻЩԿȥʮֲĴִ󺡹һγһ޴κ״һ̣ͬʯɵǸᣬĽ档
һ̣ɢһɹī壬Ǿ޴ĺǲƣܿ죬һ׸ߣͷһڣֳᣬźľ޴վȻȵ˸̨֮ϡ
Ǹ̵ʯǹվһԣ޴ó֮еսʿһ·һվ
ڴɫҲǿ䣬ֻһƺǿʲô۾һȥһĻǳޣûκע⵽ڴеľ⡣
æȡһ鿨Ƭ鿴ĽҲʮ־
ǣļɫƷʣǽ֮ǰĹΪӵпϵ
ȻļǳɫƷʡ
֪Ϊʲôڴ̻ɫ䣬һļټϳǧսʿӳĿԵȷ΢΢
˵ɫ࣬ʱǸ̨ϻźȴǽһ˫ֲ۾ˡ
ҷµ֪Ȼ˵ûҲܵԪ֣ӵѡȷģڣҸĺ֮¾£κ赲ҵˣһŭ𣬲ⷬҲֻͺڴΪǺ˵Ƶԣ϶ڵеһ֣ͺֻһѶ
һ̣ϣֳһ𣬶ʱеսʿն۶жȼɺɫĻ棬Щսʿʼ˷˹
Ҳͷһ֣ǺΧսʿսһ
ʱ򣬺ڴչֳʮֲֿսǺڴ̣ٻֻڿЫΪͣٶֿ죬Ҳ󣬿赲ܴһսʿ֮⣬ڴ̻һǾԲٿһȫһڽڽϴЫβͣЫβ;Ȼǹ̶ںڴ̵ıƽ¶ǲڿ·һˣһЫβͿԷӳΪֲս
ҲϾ޸սʿټϰɭ棬ҲʱԵֵսʿΧȻǵֵһʱֵһ
⣬ΪǾ޴ûжֵԭսţǻܡ
ЩսʿһηǱɢɻԴԴϵĳ˵ūͽӶıЩûɱһЩҲԵֵʱ֮ǰİķҲɳֵ
ǧʯ㾹Ȼʦڴʱ򿴵ķһֻԣǹˣ˵ġ
ͷһڴͻȻõһô˵˵Ǹġ
Ȼڴ̻䣬Ǹϵ͵𣬶Ͱķʦֻһ͵ȵԪȾߣǧʯȴԪʥãã̫ˡ
˵꣬ȻֱԾЯһɿֲĺɫԪķץ˹


һһʮ 
һֻǺڴ̣һ￴ȥ͵ʵû뵽Ȼ˸ڡ
Ȼ֪ԼԪʥõʦոô˵ȫΪע
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰԬ˵ڴڵǸ֯վŵǵԪĳô˵ڴ̺֪ܿǵĵϸ˵ǧʯдãԲŻԶ֣ץķ
ͬһʱ̣ǺڴͻȻǰļսʿȻȻܳ³嵽֮ǰڵĸ̨ϣһǸһʯͷץѾ¶˿ϲɫ
ʣһ鿴Ʋ۵ʯͷ϶ʲôر֮ڴ̲ðȡֻʱ֮ǰһֱվǸȴͻȻȥ֪ʲôطץһ⼣߰ߵĶ̽Ȼݺݳźڴ̿ȥ
ǱСٶȴǿľˣԴﵽı׼ڴ̸ץǿʯͷֱ۾ͱնϡ
ŽϷԵķչڴ̲ҽһ۾ŵʯͷʰȡüڴֻǳˡ

ڴ̲ʵŭһҲֻܺˣûкڿǾЫİҲһһЩĶߣǸþȻǲС
һ£˭һ鲻۵ʯͷȻֵúڴðᡣ
һŽж񱨣ڴҪԼû뵽ȽԼ˽ȥ˿̻ҪץķŽ鷳
ķȻԷУ޷ȫʩչĻԣкüζһץķ
ķǴǾ͸ģͽ˵ļһﵱѺͻ飬ôܷβܣڴ˿̼еսʿڰץķͶߵǻࡣ
ͺӴ˸кֳֿ֮гȥ
ȻļޱȣҲԼĵƣǾǽʽеʽ罣
ʩչǿżļҲܽش
ķʱ󺰵
˿̰ķҲûеطӣеͨ˿̶սʿǽں컨ϣȫսʿûпŵĵطĺһһ£ǳɹȥ
ķ棬ţ׼ᣬֱԪʩչʽ罣
Ῠһһֱʮתӿγһ޴磬֮սʿƬƬıնɱһصǡ
һһĲЦһδеᣬȡһſƬ
ǽݣ
еĿƬ˲䱻ð˲ĺǣһ޴̵ĹǽӣȻ뿿һ޴ĹǽֵĽ
ֻȻǴĵ͹罣һ̺Ȼڹǽϣ·ңһĹͷƬֻƬһ濴Ƽ᲻ɴݵĹǽݾ顣
ֱܲӱ罣С
ǽݵ罣Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ҲֶΣһнֻ˵Է
״ѾǿٹһѪľҺȻ罣˺ֻĿǰԪʩչһҲǻͿԪ
ʩչڶεʱŭһΧϰֻսʿͬˮһһƱػƬ̡ʵҲˡ
Ϊ˶ֻܼսʿɱԵĹֻܶܣգ֮䣬ǱѾһּΪֲٶȽӽֺݺץȥ
Ȼ˵ҵ֮ѣΪԪԿԺ޼ɣ޵УԱС̫˵ȻǴΪŭмɵ
ѾҪȽԼв˻ɱ˵Ӧһ׾ٵ顣֪Ԫ統У༫󣬵ļĲҪﵽļԪƬҪͻۣ˵֮ҲΪ
һļҪɱһߣ˵һֻϲࡣ
޴ЯһɫԪץδܵ˼Ϊֲѹ
ãһоԼΧĿһ㣬Ҫƶһ¶ʮѣˣԭͬһһЩҲͻȻֱȻקסĽףࡣ
һҪٴη罣ҲҪԪʩչ׷һצҲͬ
ǺɫĿֲԪƺԸһиʴһУԼ˿κ޷ʩչ
һ֪ļĿֲԼԵĻļеĶڣ
ʩչҲȻֻצԽԽһԷץߣϴžƤǿƤףҲǱɡ
Ǳ߰ķҲǼķһ˻Уڶ˹굽Ǵͬһ̣Ϊж
ķһȻֻһʯһѪѾûκβ󣬾Ȼѡһ١
˲䣬ЦһԼǶ㲻һֻһĵǱһҪ׳һЩ߻һԺԼͬİķ
ʱݲĸ࣬ȻҲǿ켱ˣҲһæﲻϣֵܵΧսʿѾܲˡ
ڱ׷ɱĺڴ̣ҲһҲ൱ģ֪һһ϶ֵԼˡ
Ҳܵ⣬٣ǱԼǰͷ
һ̣ЯֲɫԪצһӾͰϣ޴涼ѣʯ飬һЩǺսʿֱӱһĳ顣
˵Ĺ£κ˶ѡ
һ̣ͷ·𿴵˶ôŵһĻȻǷһΪֲľ
УȻ͸һ˿֣ĺͳĶǲš
ոյһ̳УԼðһɽ⣬һֱֱӱ飬ѷ·ԴȾһӣգ֮䣬Ǿ޴ǽڽڱ飬·һ޷ֵһױ顣
Žо޴ת˭뵽ոޱȣֱɱһеȻգ֮ͱһص飬һĵǶǣǺڴ̣ȫûеתŪ˵
ղžʲôû˿̳һֵļΪޣûע⵽ȴ˭£ͬʱеսʿֹͣ˹վ﷢㶡


һһʮ ӳ
ӣߣյȷӦȴǶ塣֪ʲôɱҲ֪ովʲôȻһᣬһĻᡣ
ոյĻսһҲսʿĹ֮£ֻͺˣȻһˣţͻΧĻᣬٲߣЩսʿӦǿɾ߲ˡ
ǶߣٶҪһЩȱڵķȥȻ֪ո氤һצĿԲ󣬵ֻҪһ˿ϣҲȥȥһȻѾڵϻԵȴǼæǰ𣬺ͺһʯȥ
һ̣ɭ;޸սʿͬʱԶɢǿٸڶͺ
˵Ҳ֣֮ЩֲսʿȻܿûͺӾȻɵܵʯ׵ڡ
Լû뵽ףʱӻͷһǱߵĺڴ̺ҲӦ編ߣֻǸһ̱սʿΧûһͱսʿû
ãһȻͺһʯףܿܵһ㣬ͬҲսʿսʿͺӶͷƤ顣ֻЩսʿûйǣǺһһʮֹΪÿһͨ
ʱҲ˲Ϲ첻ˣҪ뿪Σյĵطͺоյһ·񱼣֮ܵǰǽǸͨһ·ϣΪ˭֪Щսʿ᲻ͻȻûܣֱǳһʯŲͣϢ
Ǿߣ˿Ҳ۵ùǺͺӶڵϴڴŴ
ʱȡһſƬٻһͷܣȻһｫʯŹϣҪ֪ʯ֮ͨ棬ʮƵãȻ֮ǰ֪ΪʲôûйͶ壬һЩعҪ׷ǣʨ˵˻
ʱ˶ûע⵽ѪͷϣһԴ΢΢ɫǺƤУգ֮ʧ١
ӣȿϵܵû´ܻųȫϵܵĸ˿Ҳǻˣ֮ǰսʿƴɱҲǻˣǴһ㲻Ļף군ˡҲɵȻͻȻһ飬Щòҹǣ϶йء
˿ڻԵУһ·ųĴһߣûзͺӲ鿴ơ
ûʲô󰭣һЩȥȡһЩҩƷϡԣʱ̧ͷŷһ¡
ʯųڴӦŶ£Ǵ˿ȴǿһˣոһʱûע⵽ȴǷЩԾ
ӣйŹ֣ȿҲعˣϽˣô˵ȴǸӴ˸ƣȡͬʱʣ￨Ҳȡ˳
ܿ죬ӺͶŷ֣ؽѵĳھȻѾ˷ؽλڵʮ׵ĵ£ڱʱڿ˵ܳȥ
磬鲻ͷǲ֪½϶ˣ̷Ӧ˹æ˵˵꣬ȡһͨѶҪһ롣
ӣȱ𶯣ҲһΪǵһмȻĳǸȴǵ϶ˣһСҲˣȥ⼸Сʱʱ﷢˾䣬ǲܳȥеˣȥ۵ϵܣʮףҪȥҲУϢָϵܵƣ
ӵ˵ͷҲǳȡһЩŵҩƷǰʱľ˿ڡ
ʵϴ˿ûлԣ˿̵Щ֣˼άϵһ˼άܶ
Ҳ˵һʼڷʲôԼģһоò˼顣
ոڱһצҵʱΪԼҪˣļĿǰȫԼӦģ˵һļʮһҲκβһļ˵һ档
ʵҲˣֻþһ˲䣬ͻȻоͷһȣһ̣һŹŹֵĽɫƾճ֣ǿƬһɫ磬˲俨ƬԶۿһɫƵУһɵԼֱӱ顣
һ̣ԼҲˡ
ҲޱȣԼ徹ȻԼٿԪķԼ޸սʿɭ涼뿨ᵱС
ҪǣԼ־ȻһץᣬȻữһµĹǽ䣬Լָϡ
ܲٿԼ壬϶ᾪ
֮󣬶ͺӲΣգԼߣҲԼûпˣǶ廹ǺӣĺӣֵཻʱԼ£ߣôԼҲûӡ
ڵҲﲻæڱ϶˴£뵽Ļ᲻ǸԬ֮ǰɵĺ£ҲÿԲ
Σ²϶ʲô¡ҪǸϽָȻ鷳ԼھǸۡ
ڵԪտյ֮ǰԼʲôڻûȫŪףصĽɫ˲佫ɱʵЩ˼顣жͷȸУʱͻȻ뵽ڳǱУԼµǸŮˣԷԼͷһ£Īǻйϵ
һжǲ²⣬ʱ򷴵Ǿ֪˷ûãȻظĿȨҪġ
һӣӡ
ʮӡ
һСʱȥˣָǶ˶һ˲䣬·һһּΪѣ׹Уܿ죬оԼ䵽ʵһڿ¸оԼĴڡ
ͺע⵽ָڶҲһΧȥȡһˮԴʵ廯һЩˮȥ
һ۾˹
ллأϵܣˣ˾ͺãڸоôʵ
ǵķû£ĻԣȻԼûиҲûн˿һֱۣ֮ǰܵĶƤˣûʲô󰭡
˿һԵĺӣȴȡһŶ˹ȥ
һ̼˵ʲôȴǰڰֵ㵱ֵܣҾ͵ֵܣлĻ˵ˣֹۣȽȻ뷨ӳȥʲô˽Ƿ
Ҳǽˣ˵ͷ¿ʼ˽
˿ҲΪ˷ܣӳΪߣʵҲܴһأȻǺܸˡ
ӵ츳ĸߣֻһСʱͽϣΪ˶ߡ


һһʮ £һ
ʮ׵ĵ£ǾҲûʲôûУûС
һЩūӦͬɭ档
ھ֣ʮ׵ĵ¶ɭ˵ʲô£Եٻɭ棬䶯ž޴׾ǽڳһͨ󣬶ͺӶĿɿڴû뵽Լмӳȥ֣ﾹȻɾͽˡ
Ҳûж˵һɭĺ棬ûɭֱӴԭڵºڳȥ֮󣬲ڣɭǰһżݿھֻ˼ӣڳ˵棬档
˿Ѿ賿ʱ֣λǸլԺ֮һյϣֵطͱһЩסľͷʱסɭڴʱ򣬸պһס·¡һ£һͲôȹ̵ľͷֱݣ֧飬˯ŵҲŵɢӡ
ô£˭ôȱ£ҹ˵ķӣһĺӹͷһõĿ󣬻һûд·ֻƲŮˣһ˫ֵ۾š
ԣڴ֮ǰһŮһЩĵ飬ͻȻϣ˭᲻ˡ
һ̣ӵƿĶУһ޴Щû棬Ѫˡ
ֶ벻עⶼѣΧ񶼴õķݺֵĿŴӵضˡ
ʱ֣ɭ濨ʱòҪ˵ע⣬Ͼڶĵ̽ǸؽѷԲͨܰ쵽ġ
ֻע⵽
˳ֲƬ̣̾мʻһ̶ɲ֮󣬴ӳ˶ʮžӵľߡ
Щ߶Ÿװǹеһɱڣͷһɫ׾۾ˣһ³ǵһ峡
һ䣬ΧľʿжΧȫϣԭҪẺӿƣҲ̽ҪȥĻ˻ȥԼŮʵʵ뿪
Ƭ֮䣬ͱ˸ɸɾֻ¾ʿˡ
Ǹ۾ص˿˿ԶˣȴǻһЦݣ˹
λɣ
ֱ˹ҲϵѪֹ
ûкֱ֣ʵ˭
һһͱ֣֮ͨصĵؽѱ˷ܾܿͺǰйϵȷԼûмˣԷһ۾ϳԼʵЩ˼飬ԷǵˣѾ㣬ɱҲ־ܡ
ƺɫƣҲΣջ֣ȴ˵ʨǹίԱίԱľͺˣ֪кܶʣңҺίԱΪУԣһȥίԱϸеʡ
ԣĸһͲԷ֪֮Լֻѡ
һǲܲˣɱȥһǸ˻ȥǸίԱǺηʥ
֮ص£ԼʵҲʶҲкܶʣҪǣԷƺһУŪԷͼԼνʩչ׷뿪ʨǣңڣǶ塢ӣϼ󡢶Ʒǿ϶Ӳˡ
뵽Ѿ˾֪ڼԼѯʣĿ϶ʲô˵ȥǸίԱ«﾿ʲôҩ
壬ӣҸȥƣ֪һȥʲôȻǲܴŶͺȥǻĺôǳϵ϶뷨ȥ֪ͨϼǣʱ򼴱ʲô⣬ǿ϶Ҳ׼
̾˼˵ͷϵܣȥţ
ŷģȻֱӸǸ˳
һ·ϣǺĶûж˵ʲôʼնһ΢Ц˵ĸоʮַɣȻһίԱҲͨˡ
ǸίԱҲжţֻ֪ǹίԱеһԱһŲ֪ЩվʨȨ۷һлᴥõ
ĺܿ죬ҲƽȣŴľɫܿڳǣֿ
ʨĺһһûǵһΡȻҹɫӡ
гĵӦоֲɾĵ·ͷݣŲһŮǣһ
ӵ˿ڵʨסˣҲǲһˣ˵ܽˣʵбˡ
˿ѷӰ죬ȫ͡
ʻһ㽨ǰ֮ͣǰںЩӵ֪ʲôʱѾʧ٣ʮİţȻЦ룬ίԱѾݶʱ
Ȼˣǿ϶ҪǸίԱģȻһν˳׼
·ϣͺһѪľҺԪһΣգҲʩչ׷ͽڶߣûκѹҲΪίԱļ
㽨һլԼڳıҪ˲ֹʮĲüݻдӶūͺ;Ա
սţͿһų£鶶ӵվɫŭһλߵϢ
¾֪˿϶ǸίԱ
ʵĳ԰ģôûиһ·һѪĶ಻ĹʧְίԱ˵ļæЦҵĴˣ¥ϴϴһ׸ɾ·
˵꣬̾òӶ˴Ů˹߹
ÿίԱʲôֱ˵ɣһ·ϣҲԷô֪Լݣ˼ǰΨһпܳ©ľ֮Ԭˡ
뵽һЩĿƬһ֡ӿԶĿʩչ֮ԷһһֶͨοֻֿƬֻȴûм˵ʮϡ١
ϡ٣Ҳеġ
ôôһּ裬ίԱӵֿƬȻԬֻʹãһ֮ط飬ȻǿԱίԱ֪
ίԱҲûǿ·ҲϵѪкݻɳϣŵҪ̹ϵĺʵ˵㹻ʵҺΪ˱ʾҵĳ⣬ҿԻشһЩʣô֪ʨǵĵ£һ֪ɣ


һٶʮ £
ÿɷĵ˵ͷȷ֪
ίԱ˵ȴǺ֮ǰĲ²ܲһʵϣǽøˡֿʱĿļӿȷǴڣͬ˵ģ̫ϡˣίԱҲûС
Է֪֮淢飬˵ҲǷǳ򵥣ȴΪͰˡԬίԱߣ϶ǶʮʿеһһװͨѶʱ㱨ίԱ
ֻ֮ɱ⣬Ǹǰ㱨˻ȥίԱ֪Ĵڡ
˼ǰ󣬰ֻ͵͵ͨʵϺ٣ֻǼ뿪ѲԼǼˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬뵽һˣмô˵ġ
˵ʵһȫû뵽ҺܿʶίԱᵱҲʮּңίԱίԱ֮䶼ż̽һ鱨˵ˮҲΪ
ʣίԱ϶ǺԬּ϶ǻΪ֣ԲŻᴦĻǵİһǱԬߡ
֮֮سڵģҲ϶ίԱ
һ˲䣬˺ܶ࣬ʱȴѿڶίԱǸմްɣ
ȻίԱɫһһЦȻȻܲ³С֮ǰͰԬߵģҵˡ
ҲȻʣС޿϶ǴѲԼʱ򣬽㱨ίԱԷڣܿǲ˳ҪĿܲԼǸԬ
ôһ룬ܶ˳ģôίԱһԬҪˣԬһһ¶ӲԷߣЦߵ֪
ˣ˵ˣڳǱһ֮ɱ޵¼ҿ׹˵Ѿ׳룬˲ţȻô䣬ʵȻˣǲеĴӢۣߣ죬ίԱѾһͨ飬սӢ۵ĳƺţ֪ţȻʮָˣҲΪʨ۸ǿս˵£ίԱһ˵Ƚ϶࣬˵ܻܿᱻԷݼƭ
ʱǺܸлģ֮ǰ˵ίԱᶨȻԼ£϶ǽԼǹίԱˣľӢͿԽ֮ǰߵĳ´»С⣬ôһӢҲȷġ
Ψһ鷳ǣίԱһӢۻţͲͬˡ
ͬ˵ڹίԱ˵ӢˣίԱڣҲͼǾǽڵ¡
ڣԷǸı⡣
ԭȴΪʵ˹ίԱԤƣίԱ֪ܻųôԬ˺֯ĸ߿϶ˣ֣֮ܶһܲɱͳһδ֪֮ܿܽίԱԼȥȻɱ˴ķգǵ缰ʱıԣ£
ֻҪ֮ǰίԱģôлתء
һ㣬Ҳ·ˣȴǴ㽫ƾͼơ
ǹίԱ᲻ҪһӢǺãҾ˳¿ɴϣһͿԵõǰ붼͵λԺļƻҲкܴ
ȻԷҪ£ԼôԼΪʲôҪܾأ
ίԱҪԼôͬҲùίԱᡣίԱĻһЦΪʨһӦģίԱ˼ҲôίԱ˵˵Ӧκ
ûоܾ˼ίԱҲͬЦãȻʹ죬ҲһˣĳϲʵҲ˺ͱ󣬾дһϵܣκܼ򵥣̧ҪһУҪΪҵˣ£
Ȼˣ
ˣԷû˵ίԱ£ȴֱӵԼ˵ίԱһƬͣʵҲǣھʱͬһҵ˶˵ǿʳˣʱǵƾʵ˵ʱûκɷԼȨʵ˿϶ǲϧһдΪԼӳ롣
£κʱܱ⣬ҲˣίԱԬڣҺԼûʲôڣȻҪʺϵġ
ңҲûеڶ·ߣǵίԱͬҲίԱίԱУԼѾ¶Ȼ¹ίԱʵҲžԼҲȫˣԼһˡ
ֵܣҲûҪƵ顣
Ȼ£һ˫飬Ϊʲôȥ
뵽˵ͷҲʮָɴȻίԱ̧٣Ҳһظ磬Ͱ˵İ죬һ㣬ǻ˵ǰ棬ҲҪ飬Ǵ£Ȩܾ⣬㻹ҪӦһ
ͬ⣬ίԱ˷ܣ֮ǰӺܸɾûкκǣһԼõͶˡߵʵֻҪܰԼôԼᵽһ壬˵Ҫ˶ãʨǶԼĿ֮С
ϵܣʲôһ˵ֻҪĳΧ֮ڣȻѾ˰ž磬Ǳ߳ԱģѾ˴룬ίԱҲ࣬һûԶֳɵʳҲܾ
ǵȵЩ׼һӷʢķˣҲûпǴԴȡò˵ίԱίԱݻ绹˼ܣڣǿǺ˼ɣʳһûмˣֲƷƷӦоС
ʱֲȨⶫ񫣬ΪȨĸֱͬһӷˣЩⱲǸˡ
ԵòˣŽԼ
ǾҪùίԱὫǱȨԼ£˵ˣҪʨǳǱԼء
¶˵ҪҪչԼͱҪһȫĵ̣Ǳʺϵһط
ΪίԱѣû뵽ǣԷȻǷǳʹĴӦ
º뵽ίԱ˵ǱҪģҪӵ˿ڵʨǡ
ҪǱίԱ˵ҲûκλôڿʼҲһϵˣǱӵҲΪԼĵ̣ȱίԱҪõöࡣ
ȻίԱҲĹһѱ䣬ҲԺ£ίԱţ˭ӲԼƿء˵ĿĴˣ̥ļһֱһСʱŴίԱĺլ뿪


һٶʮһ 
˾ֱӽͳ͵ڳǵıȻĵϸίԱѾ͸ˡ
ҲνûκεˣٶʱˣʡίԱһŴΪܶ鷳
Ʒɵ˶ڣֻСһš
СҲǷǳ˷ܣС˵Լˣ֪Сѻûж೤ʱ䣬ϸСӦöԷٶ
ȻˣǺúϴһˮ裬Ȼ󲦴ϼͨѶֻʱ򣬶ԷͨѶûп
컹ûҲûж룬ԼϢ˶ƷɣҲһ
ȻҲΪ˷ܣº飬׼ϸϹ
ʱžԼĶͷûκκۼߣǼǵúʱ֮ʱ򣬶ͷȸԼֵĽɫƬ
ָϵĹǽ䡣
ǽǳ£ֱǻȻɣһͷ״Կõ˫Уһ˿˿޵ĺ
ǽ䣬ԸоԼ˺ܴȻⶫԼкܴļӳһ֤Ĳ
ԽԪעУǴһȻԿһĿռ䣬Ʈ࿨ƬҪԼ鿨ͳ߿еҪࡣ
Īǿ䣿ͷһͻȻһżһš
һ˵ɿƬǡᡯҲһָڿĿƬǾǡ䡯
ֻһѷĵ꣬ҲֻǷǳżȻ˵£ʱΪҥԣڿʵ
ϵȷڿ䡣
ӵиĴ濨ƬĿռ䣬һһ̶ߵٶȺںöֻ֪Ϊʲôһ䡣
Īǻɱģ²ţͬʱռеĿƬǿϲϵԪȻţԪˮԪҲһٶš
֮⣬ǿĿƬ
确ìǶܡáȣһһЩһɺĿƬ޷֪̽Ȼǵȼ
һоͶһšìǶҪԪ2ţԪ1ţȻҪǿĶࡣ
ƽ׵ôһĺôȻ˷ޱȣоÿ䡯ʱ򣬶Ѿϵ˱
Σֻȷ¡
֮ǰ˷ؽѳڵľίԱˣҲֻʵȨڶĵϿˣڡ
ٸÿڣ֪Էô췢ֵؽѣ϶Լڲ˶Էˣ϶Ҫ޳ģȻԺ˶֪
ίԱ˽ףҲǵ˵ͷϵܣ൱ãʱܴһίԱĸ߲һ壬ܶ鷳ǵ
˵ȻǱȨҪһ˷ܡ
Ȼܲ³ίԱ˵һʨϰٹԶĳǱʵ岢󣬵Ƕ˵һĿƪ
·ˣίԱ϶ΪһСǱȻǹȱֲ϶ҪʨȻ棬벻һǿǼˣȱǱҪҲԹˣ׬ˣ۹һ¾͵Ĺؼ
ҲǵͷȱһҪίԱȨίԱ뷨ŪãԼսӢۻŵʵ
ʱɫѾƷҲ˻ȴǴһջѵϢ
СڳǵפأոձһΧ˵Է˵ԬӣԷҰ˸գΪϮֻӻʨǣ˵ϼ󣬱ȥ
ԬӣߣǸԬĶӶ԰ɣûȥ鷳û뵽׳վȻԼƷԣȴЦһ
ԬɵģԬӵɱͲ˵һ֪ߵغĶˡ
˽Ԭΰ֪ӵ¡һΣ嶼һЦ֮ǰܻǣԬˣдɽԬΰԼ
ߣһȥλԬӣֱ뿪˱ɶƷɴ·ܿ͵Сڳǵפء
һС¥ܴ󣬶棬ѾʮžֳľʿſڣСӵĶԱһǸŭԡ
³ֱǰȥ
˸ӲһʿֱǰҪһžͽԷ߿ͶƷɶǶߣǼܿ콫⼸ʿס
㡭ôĵӣȻҹӣ㣬֪֪ʲôˡǸʿû˵꣬һƾʹ˹ȥԷһ뱻ȵһ룬ȴ֪Ӳ磬ٲҶ˵һ仰
ͶƷɶ˲ˣ˶࣬Ҳ׺ټ֣ܿͿ¥µľ棬ڸЩˣʲô£ίԱԼţֱðײá
ֱϵ˶¥̾͵˵
СӵϼӳȷɰƬϵĻҪƯö࣬һƭңû뵽㵱ҼŮӡܺãҵŮ˰ɣֻʵ˲ӵŮˣҾӵʵˣסδ˵֣ҽԬΰ
һΪ˵ȴϼһЦҸоõˣ˿ŭҪĶҲ򿴿ԼĵУҪһίԱϵҿ񶼲硣
¹ίԱᣬϼȴǲ£Уֻ
Ԭΰ˼ҲʣҾ˵ˣ椵ֶ̫ˣ˵񶼲磬ȤʱһڿϷֻ͡
ǺԬΰһģҲǹίԱһίԱĶӣƽƽﾭԬΰ˻죬˷Ҳһ֣ԬΰԱ񣬵Ц
ԼǰԬΰɫ¾һһ۷ƽȻЦСӣ֪Сӵһӳְ㣬ƾղһ仰ҾҲȲ㣬Ųţ
һ治ţʱֱƿ˽ȥϼ۸ô̵ס˵һԬΰɱˣȻûκι˼ɡ
ϼ۾ʱˡ
ʱпմԷԬΰִСŽ׳ĸӵܣϸƤ⣬һֺȻͬǾߣΪ类ɫͿˣԿȥ˿ûвԬΰվŵ߰˸ȴǸ֣Ƕߡ


һٶʮ ɱ
ԬΰԱ߻վͬһˣӦþǸղ˵ȤԬΰһ档ͬվżʵľߣӦöڱڵĽɫ
ԬΰȻһ׳գֶ棬ӣֱЦ
ʲôҺô˵ǬȥնСһһţҿһҲǰNɪԬΰݵ˵һԷƽһϷӡ
ƽ֪һԬΰǶŭˣǬʵ׵ĸ֣ʮĽԬΰˣڹίԱᣬԬΰҪӸʵԱϿ£ߵĸʵҪһ㡣
Сˣֱȸղ㶰ƽЦŶߵ˵
˿̣ԬΰȻ˾ϣֹʮĬһ˿ͷųһſƬγһŹֵ֮˶⣬һˣжѱĶ̵ֱӿֺȡ
֮һ֣Ǿǿ졣
ϼûзӦԷѾǽ
СģϼʧеŬֵŶԷͷųȻһǴûмĿƬĸΪǿ
ӭĵ棬Ȼޱȣûȡÿļӳ֮£ֻǿ巴Ӧͱֱһɨ˹ȥ
ٶȸ죬ûжܶԷеΪţԼϼ۵ƤԷֵסҲ̫ˣҶԷܲܿԼ˵
ûзӦ֮ǰһɨȺֱӳǸֵߵϣߵĵûüϣͱһɨɨȥ߰Զ
һ˲䣬ͷѵĴݵΧ˵ĶУ߷ɵˣֱ۲ȻڵϸãӾûҲˣһ߼״ҲǴһûиǰ
ԷһŽͬ߷ɣʣȥҲǰ״
ܳΪߵĶɵӣȻ֪Ӳӣ˼æߵԬΰߵүҪҪȽ
ԬΰĴһʨǣǺ޼ɣûκ˸ҺŸɣϾӿʨǹίԱеһίԱƽ˵ˣɱҲûһֵģ±һ߲УΪһ׼Ķӵܣˡ
˵ϵŮڳһһ棬ӿһ¡
Сӣ֣Ԭΰȫɱ⣬Ҿ͸գģԬΰ໰ȡһſƬһǸƽʱͻȻ뵽ղϼг֣һ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôæǰסԬΰ
ΰӣȱ嶯ղŮ˽ƽû˵꣬ͱŭ֮µԬΰƿʲôƨϼͷ˭£һ͸ҿţҪӵӣ
˵꣬ԬΰֱӽһſƬ
أ
һֲԪ֮ԬΰȻٻһףֳһ⼣߰ߵĳƤԲܵսʿ
սʿ²һɹɿֲ֮ڶǶзǳĴڡһ˫۾͸һɳ죬·Źۿȼգ˿һ۶ôĵս
ǹãԬΰȻֹٻ˳ȤˣǸɱޣΪսӢ۳ƺŵǸͬģòһ˰ɣģǣҲԬΰһǵ£ҷƽûϵҾǸûҲҶίԱĶ
ƿķƽȻԬΰһǸ棬ŵȴǱԬΰҲʶʱʱˣȻٲ¡
ʮƽԬΰɱʮĶߺͼ϶ǲԿŶԡ
ͬͷƽͬ뷨˲ܶ˶֪ԬΰֲֿϼҲһ㶣ȻܵϵĿֲԪǺͱ˲һǣ˲Ϊһв
ʵӦƬܸ֮ɵá
ãҰ֫ԬΰЦһ˵
ֻǽ£ȫ˵Ԥ֮⣬Ԭΰƽϼ󣬶û뵽ˡ
ûнҲûж֣ǰ֮߳˫ǺɫĹ˼£Ȼǰһ﷢һֲ˻С
ڳֻԵԪԣһ˻ֻһ˼

ָ𣿡ã뵽ⶫܾܿԬǼһ֮ظӴģֻΪ֮أԱȻĲ¡
ոնԷйһ˲䣬Ѿǲ֪ʲôֱжԬΰ͹õϵЦԬΰ֪ô¡
еԵɣȴһͷˮһĿɿڴǰһĻ˵
٣ô£ɱˣӹ¸ʲô˿̾Ԭΰľ߱ڶԾˣԬΰСУǵһɱˣûгֹ
ʱ򣬹ȻվȻת
һ̣˶ܸоһɿֲɱŰȷӦԬζߵһڣ߸˵ȴȻǰһݺݵ
꣡
⼣߰ߵĳֱӽߴͷ룬Ѫ罦Ԭΰϣһ²Ž׽ѡ
竣ʱҲ֪鲻ԾˣþȻᷴ꣬ԸˣôֻܻᷢƵ£
ԬΰԼһʱ仹ûӦ͸оӾʹ
ĳѾǺݺݵĴ̴ԭ˵Ķӣ⼣߰ߵĽϣͿճѪҺһһԬΰĶӾͱƿһڣ೦ӻһء
ӵܸû뵽Լôȥһ˫۾ʵĵȥ󣬹ԶһſƬ˵ϡ
֮⣬˶һĻˡ
ԬΰȻǱԼٻū͸ɱˣ˵˭˭ţƫƫͷ˵ǰ
ʱЦһԬ֪̫Ļ£˶ϣʵ
˼Ԭΰɱģ˵ʵûŵ˭ҷ
ƽŵϵʬ壬ֿ˿˵ֱ˻ȥ̲ס˵ִˣԬΰͷӿ϶ưոݡ
ʱһﾯӵľʿӵ˷ƽҲʶһӵĴӳ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ӿ϶ץȥû뵽Ǵӳ潫ոշظһ飬߾ȻûץˣΧѯǷʵ


һٶʮ ίԱ
ոյ˶ˣֻ˵Ԭΰɱʵ̫ף϶ܱţǸӳ˵Ľ󣬾ȻһͬԬΰȷɱô֤ˣˣˣ˽ʬߣǸ￨Ҳôߣնӣ
նӣ
ƽˣĽǲһҪ֪˿ίԱԬĶӣɱҲ϶Ὣ˴ȥʣɱйߣ˵һܿ£ô赭д
ƽɵӣʶˣȻô£ɲټҪϽȥүӡ
ûκֱͣӴ뿪ԭԬΰˣҲǼæ뿪Ƭ֮䣬һ̲̲Ѫ֮⣬ߵһɶ
ԭȻ󲨵£Ȼ˵Ĳ֮֮⣬˶ûдһɾзֻܹͶ֪ô¡
öʰ̯ӣǴϼһӹţȻȥ˳
ϼεˣȻЩûҪǡ
ڶ̶һһҹﾹȻ־ϼһȡ
ô˵ոǸΪԵʣԲŻᷴ߱ʱȻղ˵ҲסˣҪ˵һúԬΰɱˣκ⣬ԬΰԼٻūɱʵڷ˼
ԣ˵ڻȫ䣬ôôùùԷģϼĹؼʵ
ҲҡҡͷҲˣҵʱֻͷǸþ̶ˣ˵ʵγֵԼҶһ֪⡣
⣬ȷǲôҲ˵֪Լײ˴ˣһǳ˲õĶ
һУ϶ԼµǸŮйϵ
ϼչҲ˳һ֣ӺһЩԱѾʧ٣ûлصʨǣСʣˣȻϼλӳǰ˵Ѵ֮͵õһٶߵСӡ
ܺãŪǱȨʽʹ˽פǱδزܽɵڶʨǣ˿
ͬһʱ̣ʨһɫ¥ڣʨȨĹίԱᣬ˿ٿ顣
ίԱԭ߸ίԱǴ˿ֻ̣
һ΢֣Щͺʮ˴˿һӣȴǵأ˵Ԭˣʲô˼֪Ԭһ򲻶ԸֻɲϹ˵
Ӷ棬ίԱ̩ȻȴǲϷ룬㣬ôֻƢҺԬҲֻһЩСìܣʵ֮ĹϵǺܺõģֻһΣʵЩ֣һԼ
ͷίԱĻίԱֻ˴һʼû˵΢۾ûзκۣȻ͸
һһίԱ̣ذô£˵ɣԬʲô
ǰ˵һ£
⼸ίԱЦɲŹʨǵµ֮⼸ίԱ֪鱨һ붼֪֮صĴڣҲһ֪Ԭ£˭˵ҪƲϵ
ϵ˵Ҳ꣬ҪݼͿ˭ݵøãȴǵġ
ʨǵµ֮أԼԬɱһЩƽʬǶ캡Ԫ¶˵˳
ֻ£ȴȥ˺ֻܶ࣬˵Ԭû뵽СĽһֲĹٻ˳˶棬˵ܡ
Ȼ£ίԱ¶һ𾪵ı飬·ͷһ˺ŵ顣
һຩίԱһе˵Ԭˣ˵һôܣǽ¾ȻôһΣյ֮أʵ˲ţһʱըǵΪʨ˿ǣһԲ鷳
α˵һ̬еίԱжǴֻϣǻһͬ
ȷίԱ˵Ķԣ¿ͷȴ£ܲܣһίԱͷϵ
֮أѾ˽еĳڷ֮ؾнƣֻҪڣǲҪĹܳһ϶˵
Ǿͺã˵ذǻǺܷĵģһίԱЦ˵ƺʲôֵˣԬҲô꣬ҽʨǵʱҲ˲ȻһԼɵģҲúúøһº£ǽʨǵʱ˵ˣίԱ뱣߸ίԱԬˣǾҪһа
仰˵꣬ίԱð⣬Ȼĵ£ʣһᣬֻҪԼ˽ôίԱĻȨͻкܴƣֻ£˭⣬˭ռλãȴδ֪֮
ίԱ˵ǣίԱҪƱѡǿǲܸԤҲһܽġﻹһ£ƾٳλսӢۣһ֮ɱ޽ǧߵѾ֤ʵ˻ţѾȫصʨǡ׳һذը
£ίԱˡ
˭֪ȫΪ˸ίԱΪѹίԱһڳǱߵΣ˵ǲŲʲôˣֻҪôһͷѡ
ˣΪ˲õġӢۡҲÿƣȨ
ίԱ˶˾ίԱ˿̽˵϶Ŀģ˶ǻ࿴һۣĬƬ̣ǸֵķίԱһЦأɲҪЦʱв˶Ǹ˴Χɱô˵ţ
ǰأϢʵ𣿡
ʵǰѶ֤λĵҲ֪Ƕзݣ˵ʵҲϣһˣһܻɱֻޣ˴лŻľߣʵҲ˵Ҳܲ³ǽáЦ˵
ԣ˵öԣǻֻҪˣǾ򣬶ҲҲίԱӣ̧ӢۣҲܽݺˤ᲻֪һЩôôǻܶһǿ֣ҲǺ£һίԱҲ˵
ҲôģѾ˽Ӵ˵꣬һ̣ȻŸķӦ
ͬģ˶䣬̫죬ֻûбֳ
ô˵ǸίԱﲻסʵ
ҪǱȨѾӦˣҪһͬǩһ˿̺˵


һٶʮ ﹥
أˣǱһսҪأһзµıݣҪһص㣬㾹ȻǾ͹ˣֱǺ֡Ǳ͸ǸһôԸίԱӺ
Ϸ԰꣬ؿ϶ĵأʱҲҴˣ˵˵ĿǸίԱһЦ˵ƢãҲ˵һϣϤ˶֪۸ڣû˱ȵùλ
İȻλȻҪ£ǿ϶ҪһЩôģǱȻܺãʨ̫Զ˵ǵҢӣһ˵ľۼأ˵һģǱĹǱǲ䵽ﶼ˵ռ죬˽ҲزסȻˣΪʲôֵɽ󵱺ôͳȥģҲšǱҪ棬Ҳ뿿ʨǵĹʱǰѿһҪһɶջأŽһá
ίԱίԱһŶܾβĳίԱռǱǻһͺ˵ˣ˵ҲԣԵûʮϵһͬǩ
ǾҪӢƣʨǵ˰һʨǲܳξðЦ˵Ȼ̸֪ˣҪ˵Ĳص㡣
ͽ±Ǳʲô
¾ǹίԱһȱίԱѡҪְ˭밲Լ˽ȥΪίԱʵеͶƱƣһίԱʹһƱľӰʨǵĴ£Ȼ˭š
ƾٵ飬ģίԱȻͬ⣬׷ԼѡȻһ־õս
˿̵СﰲŽļƻʮǰͨѶϵǱѾףٵڶͻ´
ҵʱ򣬹ίԱỹҪϯһʽʨǵǰ¶档
ҪȻϲҲûоܾȻ˵ĺôһЩҲֵõģңʱҲǻ¡
ն˵ģıȻΣգϿвٺôֻҪǶʱڿǱǿսôͿԷӰʨǺ͹ίԱᡣ
ʱ塢ƷɡԼϼ󣬶еԱҪǱģ붼ŵùˡ
ûϢʱѾˣܹľľͳˣüҲ
Ȼʮ˷ܡ
֮³ʦҲˣ˺ĽҲܺãҲպ³ʦ£вٲϣҪ³ʦæһ׺ȻǱ
ֻΪǣ˵õǱȨ³ʦȻǱʾҪһȥǱ
ֻһȨⶫҲҸһȥŶҲӣ϶ֻᣬɢľǰȥֻҪ˶ˣչ˹ģǹίԱԺҪʲô۶ӣҲɵ֡³ʦЦ˵ⷬ࿴Ȼ³ʦ治һֻôͷҪ˵һЩ֮³ʦҲǿ˾
³ʦôһʦԸȥǱȻ֮ãܿ³ʦǽקһСܵҼλʦ˰ɣ
ԭ³ʦͼ룬ȻԼĵ̣ôƺ³ʦҲûʲôǶԶ켫оˣ˵ײʲôء
ǵһ㣬͵ͷͬ⣬Ȼ¾öˡ
ҲʾǱ߹ķֻᣬʱ֪߹ڹίԱĴڣ͵ľۼضзֻᣬǱ߷ֻᣬǹίԱҲûӸ档
³ʦ֧֣ƽһ
飬Ҳʼδ
ɵĽţ˵ڶ죬ͱίԱ麺ĽߣȥμǸֶǲʽ
һ㡯һ׻ʵףȻһڳǹ㳡ϵ̨ϣƵľߣдӳǱ֮սӻľߡ
ôڳ֮ǰԹίԱӵġҥԡҪ֪֮ǰ֡ҥԡǴķǳͣվȻҥԡơ
ҲνﵽĿġ
ֻʽеһ룬ͱһϣоӵͨ˵ʨ⣬дĹ￪ʼᣬʨǷӿ
һ¼ʨǿ˵İ֮Ȼһʧʽ̽ίԱǴǸ˹ȥ
һ㶣ʶô¡
ԭʨǵ֮أĿֲԪΪ壬ļ󲿷ֹﲻ̤ʨǷΧˡ
ѾһԪҲ漴ʧΧĹȻǿʼ
Ҳ֪̽ͨϼͶˣԼСġ
ΪʨǹίԱ˳ӢʱȻǲܶ뿪Ҫʱ򣬻Ҫս
վʮ׶ߵĳǽϣԶĹпһĻ˶ɫࡣ
ʨǴһܵĽ˵Ǽٵġ
ڹίԱ֮ǰҲ˳׼͹˵رػǹһЩطо̹ˣ֮⣬ĸػ߿ƬҲԷӳ
ǹѾ֮ǰľСûмʱϻ﹥
ֻʱ˭ȲЩˣĿЩѾﵽóȻȥֱ졣ʲôĹﶼУ󲿷ֶһҲ٣ֻм
ֻǿһֹۣ֪ģĹ﹥Ǹκвﵽһģ
ֻû֮Ԫ壬ԺĹ﹥ǵƵνԽԽࡣ
ʱڳǺȻǲҪģЩȴǵ˴ùڣʨ͹ǿķ£ܿͱǹԼߵĿƬˣǸȻ嵽˾ǽ׵ķΧ̾ͱػ߿Ƭɵػ߻ɱ
˶𺳵һĻһֻ޴ͬһСٳ˹һɢսϢ
ֻտͼһػ߿Ƭ
ػ߸պþǶġ硯ͼֱǰǾƴɱƬ̣ɱֻ˿޷սʤ
浹أʨǱ컶
һι﹥һʨǵչֳʨǿķ϶ΪʨܱݵͭǽڣֻǺܶȴ֪Уǿܳã


һٶʮ ػسǱ
﹥Ǻĵ죬ŹίԱǩԼ˸ǱʨȻ˵Ǳһ֮أɵԱʨٷ֮һûУǶ˵ȴĿˡ
һθǶһԼӥСӡСӺͷҶСӵĳԱһʮνһӴĶ顣
Ȼ뿪ʱΪ˲˵ע⣬ʮǷ뿪ȻҢ֮ŻһǱ
ǰ޴սȻ˲ٺۼǸʬȻֻʣɭɭ׹ǡ
Ǳǰ뿪ʱһûκθı䣬ΣĵطСǰȾָ
վɽ£ŰɽΡΰĳǱȴǷһɼ
ӽ쿪ʼǱˣһİףһ˵Ǹ£һˡ
ֻ֪ǿʼҪõȥͱ벻ϵǿԼʵ
Ǳڣ͹Ҳӭ
¾ͺܼˣˣǱеķ䶼̽һ飬˵ûй࣬ҪҲʮѡǱవңڹǰǱ˵ûܡ
ϲǣڳǱеҵлҵ˲ٺöǰѪ⣬װͺܶϡеĽֵܼϰң࣬ȻЩڶĲƲ
Ǳܴ󣬳Ĳ֣ǴСһķʹһͶٶ䣬һΪ򣬶Ҳƣ߹ķֻᣬĳԱסԼ³ʦĶҶá
һǰԱҲٶˣʵϲ࣬ţʱƣǱ˿ڻԽԽࡣ
µĶڣٻѾﵽƣ³ʦĵá
˵ĶʦȻһūͣ³ʦжྪˣܿеΪƵȷһΪԨĶʦ³ʦ̾ͳԵƵĽУٴ
ϼͶǳܹܣһЩ£һϣϼȴܱȣ޲Ǳȱڣ䣬ʣ˵һжɡ֪ǰϼԼѧû뵽ʱóҪԱ鱨ռʨǣﻹһʲô紵ݶԵһʱգԶϵҲʺ£ϾȻǶӵǱϻǹʨǵΧ
ͶƷɣȻǸҪսΧǱԣǰŴ̶֡ʱ䣬һЩӵ˳
˿վڳǱһ߸ߵƽ̨ϣŽټĳǱٶææµµˣȴǸпһٶˣƲ٣ʵϻǲ
ǳǱںɫΣΧĸΣҲв٣ʱѾвٹᵽζǱ˹ǳǱо٣ʵ˵
Ҳ˸ѡ
ǱҪǿķʨŪػ߿ƬءҲ֪ػ߿Ƭô׵õʱڣķֶΡ
һ̣뵽ľͻǹԼūͺԪ
彫һ˵˼Ƭ̺ͻǹǺ˵ֻҪǮܸ㵽һЩǴʨǵĹŪūͺԪҲҪǮ
¹ǮŪ˵ڲŪŪģʱڣǵĳǱҪ߱ķҲܰ뿪ȥŪػ߿ƬЦ˵
ػ߿ƬļٵģϵܣŪһţػǹЩҸұ֤ǵĳǱԹЩҲɱƬײ弤˵˵ػ߿Ƭǿһι﹥ʨǵʱ͸˲ĥӡ󣬿˵һػߵĶ֡
ǱվѹֻҪһػߣټһЩͻǹȷǿԷסĵ˽
Ȼзӣһػ߿Ƭľλãĸػ߿ƬĶȡʧˣǴѡĸػеһ֪϶ףȣһЩΣգҲԷ׻
Զȡػ߿Ƭͳͷȴ¡
ƾϵʨǱŪ˰ͦͻǹǾװ̶ӣֻӵ൱󣬹һͲһ㽫ͶļҵͿգӳǱҵȻֻۣ࣬ǻǰĻ
ΣգͦͻǹļֳֵˣһǮûѡͶƷɴٶѡʮ齨˳Ǳӣÿ˷ַͳһװūͣ˵ķʩѾϼҪһӴĳǱתҪ㹻ȡҪĸʡ
УҪĶǿƬװ￨ԪЩƷҪЩƬҪƷ˸ɱռֲϣǸѣγһϵʱڣʨǻβתϵҪʨǡ
죬ǱѾ߹ģµ˶һϼ󡢶塢Ʒɡնڣһ¡
ǱԺǴҵģʵ˵мＸԼԿһǵľۼأʵҲ֪ξӪһۼأҪĸλǱһ˵ģǴҵġ⣬ΪȷǱһʧҪȥѰػ߿ƬػߣֵܵӳǱĵˣ໹ǹʮֳϿҵ˵
УԤϵǣϼʱվ˵˿ˣȻίԱֻڻʺǱԱҪһͷ죬һǱֻһˣ뻮һʣֻܳ
ûҲͬϼĽ飬ֻϵʵûϵ㣬ǲлôһǱûϵ㣬һ˹ˣǵ𲽽׶ΣҪһʵͷˣֻϵܲʤΣҲ˵
ȻϼͶԤıҲϼѾǸûʲôԱŮӣڵʵıܶһˡ
ͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⣡ƷɡյҲЦ˵һҲ֪˵˼Ҳûѡ
ȻǱˣֻҪ˰Բô˵û뵽˷Ӧô
⣬ΪǱҪĳԺɾͲٵжˣһѰػ߿Ƭһһȥϼʱ¶΢Ц˵


һٶʮ ݡ
Ǳٶ๫һ·ϣŵ׵źݺݵĲȵףŴӴ򿪳ķ磬ָоʵ̫ˬˡ
ʻλϣϼǳоһݵͼ
ͼݼ仭ģһüĵͼע˼ػ߿ƬλãмλʮƫԶȥȡСӶѶޣѾǱ϶Ϊѡ
һΣҪȥľһطǱҲٹһʮƫԶĵΣޱȡ
ڳ֮ǰϵʨоü뷨ӰæŪһɡػ߿Ƭʯᣬֻضʯػ߿ƬΪºѰ죬û뵽üȻǴӦڵڶ˽һʯ
ʯڷǳҪƷʨǻ˲ٴ۴Ĵ׹ĿƬռģ֮ü½ҵ˼ʯᣬмûϱüֱӶԼȨŪһҸ֪֪ͿԣǧҪš
ֵȻ˵ȥǺüҲԼǷһ顣
ʯᣬ˵Ѿû˺֮ǡ
һǰһԼǰϼҪһҪֲֻ
ҲΪϼʵͻͽԼһ˵УϼʵѾǽԼǳҲԿ԰æͬ⡣
ҲΪˣһ·ϼܺáò˵ʱϼǰҪƯƮƮ޳Ƥ׸ǽ͹Գ
Դһǻûֻᵥһ˵ҲʮϤԸоһϼ֮ǰЩ΢һ·ϴ󲿷ʱ䶼һûһϹţҪôǱֳĬ
ǱѾȶµĶѾƣһõūͬʱֻҲ㹻ˡ
ɴźƤںһԱߵλãķһ
һԽҰǼ·ڵдеĲľ˵ǷҲǺΪһĿ̤Ľࡣ
ȻǰúһĴԼķͳżֵĹӰһ˵ǾеС
ʻƬ̣Ϊ·ԭò٣еʱҪ³ǰ·ϡ
ǰ˼СʱͻȻһĻŵľ
ԶȻǳһ޴ġǽ
˵޴Ϊأҳ޷룬һΣ·һ޴ޱȵĵ۵롣
ΰɽҲ롯ʮ֮һ
ǽһ޴ġڡԿ޴壬·䳲һֻȻֳһɫȴ͸ģʵһӰɵϡ
һĻϼҲĿɿڴ־˵ⱲӶûмġ
ãϼʵʲô
ҡҡͷһû˵ⶫǰһмֱ׳ˡȻ޴ġ۵롯棬϶в֮ͬ
Ҫǣϼ֣һҪѰҵػ߿Ƭڵ򣬾Ǿ͵ġ롯
ǰϼû˵һֱǾ޴ıݣȻȥԶҪҪһСʱʱ䡣
Ϊ̫޴ˣǰֱ϶㡣
˿ڳһƬУԿɫһſŸߴľϸȥԿһֻֻ޴ĺӰ
ЩǶ֯룬һ㶼ǳȺӻȻкǿĹԣֻڽصĵˣȫҪģʱ򿴵ϼǸ򿴣ԽҲΪ˻֮ǰ𾪡
ϼ˵ͷͻȻЦЦ֪֪֪Ϊ㣬Һνǣ·Ҳֹʱһ㶼ҵ㡣
пһָ֮ŵͼһ㻭ӦľһƬ֣ǵķӦû⣬һѾԶ϶ػ߿ƬھǰǸ޴ӵС
ʻеʱ򻹻һЩ·Ĺ󲿷ʱϼܶ㿪ǱڵΣգһЩŵģȴǱ޿ɱܡ
ͬ˿̣ڳǰʮһֻͿһʨӡ
ʨӲ޴󣬶һЩλһŹֵۼףĳжƤʡ
ȵʨӻζβ;ȻһĶߺ֪ʲôˡ
СģβʨѾһعʮǿǴأܻܿܵȻô˵ûеģ˵βʨһִֻ˵Ŀֲһȴ£ΪȻβʨҲֻе׵Ĵڡ
ͻʵռƣɭͱβʨǿܶ࣬ڵĴҲδػ¶Է˵һȾﶼҪֲĴڡ
ǣϼҲǺ޾ɫ˿ԶһβʨȴǳȻһЦȻȡһԼĳһβȡſƬ
һľ鹭һһͰʸ
һ̣ϼ˳ʮݵץųһ¾ͷ˳
ǿʻһ㣬ԲһģҪǿЭԺԡ
ʱѾ֪ϼҪʲôˣȴЩģҪ֪ǰĿɲǶȻеĵ״ڣϾǱϼһȼ
ֻûжʣѾ´ֻҪϼκʧ̳ȥţԼʵβʨĻᶼûС
˿վڳϼȴǳֹһǳɣû˿׼ֱһ
Ȼ⣬һ֮󣬼ʸȻǷһϼǰĿһƬƲһɰϯȻǴɢΧĳǼʸȻƾʧ
ȻʸûʧΪٶ̫졣
̾͸ֲֿܵԪٿǰѾǰβʨ·һȭһ嶼ȥڰеʱʮһʯϾžһ²һʸһͬ֩һƱ鲼ʯβʨصڵ𶯣ǾʯȻǺȻѣһصʯ
ȵϼ·سڣ˹ͼͲŻع
ϼ֪ΣգԲԸҳѾǸҪվҪ㱣ˣ̻ķڣҿİ㣬ǡ㣡
һޱȵϼһۣͣ˳ȥ鿴
βʨŴһ˿ڣǰ룬Դ˵һ
̵ƤԿǸ޷赲һʸţԼһδܶ㿪
ϼֻǶߣʲôʱӵֲֿļܵģ


һٶʮ ҹ
ʱע⵽ϼָϵĲָǻһ˿ѪӦ˹ϼҪʩչһҪĴ۶ȻҲСϾһɱʵֲ
ȷ϶ϼѧģһ˹ǵʱ϶Ѿˡ
Ȼϼʵ֤Լ
һ˲䣬ͻȻЩжΪϼŬҲΪոһ䡮Ҫ㡯
ȡһЩŵҩƷȻϼָϣҲûжܡ
´αôçײˣһȷ𣿡
ϼЦ˵ƺܵõĿ϶Ƕô˵һ¡
һСʱϼǸ޴󾧱ڵĽǰԶʱ򣬾ˣ˽ľ룬֮ǰȻ̫Сˡ
վǰڵľ޴ֱ޷Ѿ漣ˣֻ˵ֻ¡
ڿһ۵룬ôڵҲԿͳеˡ
ʵϣΰľڣʵϸһֹŹֵĹӰЧûʵ壬κ嶼Դм䴩ȥ
ߣȥʱЩ˵ʵַ־Ҳʼδ㲻Ϊػ߿ƬҲҪȥ
ϼҲһʵŮ˱˸һֺľ񣬶δ֪ǵ֪̽
Ȼ˶һԾԾԣǰ׼ҪģϾ˭֪Źֵľݵʲô濴ֻܿде֣ǱӸߴ
һǶ˲ԡ
ȣūǿ϶ҪһʱٻģΣգū;ͿԵһʱ䶥ȥ֮⣬ҲҪ׼Ҳ֪ʱȲΧ
ȵ׼һУϼŻ࿴һۣȻ߽·һıݡ
ǰȻūͣ£ôǰ棬⻹ֻӦϼūǷǳ͵ܣһֻľһԪͻԪءˮԪһͬǷǳϡٵ͡
ֻľȻӵǿͷжٶȺ׶ߣһǿѹ
ʱľǰ棬Ȼʺϲˡ
ﻹг߿ÿе￨ҲֱȡһЩʺϼĸֶޱսʿЩǶҶǿԿٲסˣϼ㹻ʱй
㹻ūͣżʲôΣգҲܴӦԡ
ڹֺʮףܿʹȵϼڹֺȴǿһľ
ߴʮףϰ׵ľľγһƬ֣деɫﴫǳУΪڹֵԵʣԸ󲿷⣬ԿȥҹɫУȻ
֮⣬ﻹб滹ҪöԪһڣĿϴķһ㡣
ϼȷһпʵϾҲôпһ䣬ȷۼֱһطӦֻӰ鱾ϣܴڡ
һЩС˵д磬ƺŶ޺;飡ϼһ仰뵽˹ԪĻ֡
ž޴ľڹֿ֣˿ȫͬĵΡʺͻͬðһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ܿһ硣
ҪһĻԽ翰һ鵰⣬һһ飬䵽˵һ
ѵǵеһ֣˵һϼһ㶣ǽԪĻֽϼҲ棬룬ץµϸ˿һ㻹˵Ĳ²ģԲǵ磬ȻһŹֵľڣֲﶼǴûмƷ֡
˵ͷԶ߸ߵϣȴһֻ˶ߣȴʰ쵵Ĵ񣬿ֻͨݣҲǵһο
Ϊ֪ܿǵһ֣ϼСǵúڴ˵塯ǻ˵ȷֲ²⡣
ӵСաƬκ﹵ͨ¡
ϼȻǳãпΪһǺҲпΪľɫʵ̫ˣϵЦһֱûжϹȷΧûʲôΣ֮˷ܹܵȥ۲һЩĻݡ
һ·Ҳ߰˸СʱˣѾǽ˾ڹֵУֻǷ̾ͽ뵽ǰ֣ȻѰػ߿ƬҪ˼һ¡
ֻʱǰϼȴ֣æȥ
ȵϵɫʯȴǿһʱӪء
˵ӪأҲ֧м仹һѾϨĻѣֻӪصУûһˡ
ǵĶϼ˼ۺ˵
֪ϼ˼˵Ӫ˭ģǿȷϢĿ϶࣬ΪⶼƷ
Ȼ
ֻ̽һʱȴǷһЩԾﾹȻкܶûдߵǹеӵ·ʳ
ˣ£ЩرƷ뿪˭һ
ǣǵ뿪£ҲǷ
ϼһۣȻ뵽⣬ЦݣֻĴ̽ûΣգϼҲȡ鹭ͲΣգԵһʱ
ֻ̽Ľȴûκη֣׷ΧûκΣա
ֲ鿴һӪأʶ᲻һʨɳѰػ߿ƬСӣ
ֿԺܴ󣬶Сӵһûлȥ鷳
ϼ飬ȻϢһټǰΪʱɫѾ̫ܿͻɽʱڡ
ֳɵӪأҲʡϼˣǼʰһ¾ʹһ߳Զһ۽ļƻ
ܿ죬̫ɽڵҲ谵ֻ࣬Ӿڿɫǹ⣬ȴӵˡ
һʱ䣬ϼȻǿˡ
ʱ˶û˵ǵūͶɢΧ䣬ϼҲ֪뵽ʲôȴɫ΢졣
Ȼʱ򣬹йŮҰ¶ӪʵЩ˸档ϼҲ뵽ǿʯ뿪ʱҪ˵Ļʱûл˵ϼΪԼûл˵ٴκ꣬ôһ仰ҪҪ˵أ
Ϊ뵽һ㣬ϼŻ졣
ʱѾȷԼкͺøУ˵ϲҲΪֻ£׷ŮŮ׷е٣ϼԸı˺ܶ࣬Ҫ˵һ仰١


һٶʮ 
ֻ˵֪Լ϶ڣһԼԼϲȴ֪ԼϲŽı硣
ʱ˿֪ϼԥȴһ߳Ŷһ߽Եĵݸϼ
ʱϼ͵͵һۣڹܷϸָ߬ȭͷȴȻ̧ͷ۾˶촽ҡл˵
͸оϼԾˣӸոտʼЩĲɣϼ⻰ҲǿʱͫȻһоһΣȴҲ룬һԾϼ˵
ͬʱ˸ոŵĵطѾ֧ʮּļʸ
ʸϢȴǳ
ķҵˣո˵һ̣ϼҲǷӦ˵Ϯ
ľֶޱԼսʿҲϼ½Լסһ̷𣬸ȡܿȥ
˿̹Ѿǳˣʮ⣬Ѿϼ˿˫ȴǷһ⣬ƺ֣ɫһ㵡
뵽ϼΪߺӾ߻Ҫ񣬼ԼߣҲԱȲϡ
Ȼϼǿʲô򲻻¶ôȵɫ
ôˣ̳ʵ
ԶͰķԼֻѾ˵ˣ˼ҵĴǸڰ֮⣬ԼУΨһ֪ľǣϰķֻ飬Ȼдơ
ϼʱͻȻܣ
˵꣬ɫǴδйء
ܣ
ܣڲᣬ˵Լūʹ˿̱˲סΪѾϼûҪܵ˼
ɵѾͷȻǴԼڻȡʱ䡣
һϮǵĵ˾ʲôڻûŪϾΪԼ򲻹ϮߣǶԷӵжļ
ʱУ̲ܣԻһֱӱһ֧ʸУϰ벽ʸеľͻࡣ
Ҫ֪ϴŵĿǻϵƤףȻҲ޷ֵǼʸķ
֪Լ˴δйľУǻӡ
һֻǷƬ֮䣬ϼʱҲǿԶڰеĵˣˣĿˣֻϼҲ֪ʱ뷢Լãùˣһܲˡ
˿̣ϼ˵ٶȼֱͬһ㣬һͰʮ֧ʸļͲʱ䣬Ѿȥʮ֧ۼգϼԿǿޱݡļʸкֱܶ˵˵ļʸڿԿ˫ʸڿײŷĻǡ
֪ϼԼֵ˲ٹԼϵļʸ϶ֹһ֧
жϣڲܣϼˣԼӽˣһֱԼû֮ءϼֻﱣʱӦûΣգʩչ׷磬ǰ塣
һ̣Ѿ˼ѷɵ
ɵǵ͸ģһֱûùʵϣķɵѾȫԽֻǺͽѷһ㡣
ڹϣɵܷӳá
ʩչ׷ǰͻʮףģĿԶһЩģӰӣѷɵ˦ֶ
ɵϼӳԪ磬֮ѾӰǰһû뵽ȻֶֹΣֱеһӦҪ˺ܶ࣬ȴǲһ
״ٴη׷磬ͬʱ˫ŵأ˿Ծ𣬿еʱѷɵȫ˦⼸ˡ
룬ѾϮǵĵжʮˣҲиԵūͣЩūѾʹķֻ
ѷɵٴλһˣȫ
ᣬѾǳ嵽˶Էǰһ̣֪Լʩչսʱˣڽ룬ƾߺͽκε˶Խɱ
֮д˿̾һĽն˼ˣֻԷٶȼ죬ȻȫһֳΧ
ôľ룬Ѿȫ˵˵ӡ
Է񣬵֫޳ͷձһװϣеϣŮȻ߲ãԿǳӢ֪һЩģأҲˡ
֮⣬Щ˵Ƥϸ壬˫ⳤžĻףֳֹлߵĶ̽
ⶼҪģҪ֣ЩŹֵʵǿǴԪϿǵʵĶﵽ˶ı׼Ҵ󲿷ֶı׼ֲǣһô֦ϣվһžԳ֮ΪƷ׵ˣ˴һʼûг֣ϵԪﵽļ
ʱʶΪʲôոϼ˾ţֱԼ뿪Ϊѣ˵ʵ
ֻոյ˽ٶ̫죬ϼûʱ˵Ҳ˵
˿ΧԼģȫﵽ׼ĵˣһŮʹõĶǳҷޱȵĳ
һҶʵ˵ӵн֮⣬ûκơֻԷϵļΪĬҪʩչҲҵᡣ
ѷĳÿܲ͸ݣԷһǿĽսһʱ侹ȻǽѹסҵĵȼӲҲĿ֮УڣĿ֮ϾȻȱڡ
ʱע⵽Զһ˾ȻǶԼҪ͵ϮֻԼûֵ
ǸҪ˲䣬Զһ֧ʸȴֱ̫Ѩùļһͷһȥ
ʣɱ˵ļʸϼģ֮ľٳһʮףϼļʸȻ׼ȷĿ꣬Ҳʶϼʵ
ץסᣬ񵲿һ˵նȻȻǰһײݺݵײڶԷĶϣ֮һӣնһ½
Χ˶ֱӱ½նɱˣһˣͷȴҽСԼֻū;ȻǱɱҲһ˺ݺݻɣķȻûˣҲƾſԷеƶѡ
һ̣оһ󾢷ϮȴǼæתһһʸȻһͬʱ޴Ķܽ˦˳ȥݺݵײڵϡ
ȫҶ֦Ȼˤüأر⣬ֻмĲλ˿̾ʹޱȣ鷳ǣһ֧ʸȻǴ͸Լ壬˵ϣһʱȻǶá
˿̣ͻȻһĺŽЩ˾Ȼһٳ롣
һʼԷϮսŽ˳룬ᳬһӣһӵʱȫԷѹס
٣û
ǵ˸ӡ󣬶Щ˾ͬ˵еľһӵʵǿޱȵĹգǽսʵҲ̾Ϊֹ
ûǹŹֵĺŽλ˵֪ԼһܵĿҪ


һٶʮ ׷
˿ץؿڵļʸȻ͵µȻ֪Ϊʲôԭ룬ԼϼҪ뿪һ۷Ǿ鷳ˡ
ֻսʿѾϢڣҲ΢ķǻã˿Ķһ˫ɫ۾һ֪ӡ
ļʸֻм֣˵Ҳʱ۶ϼʸ˿ڣȻ̹һѪľҺ
أ
һԴȻϼǱȥܿͷֲԾˣϼȻ
һۿ߼ȴǿŭһĻ
ľֶޱսʿū͵ʬڵϣǱɱϼȴǲӰ
ɱū͵ʵǿ϶Ǹﵽļ׼ĵˣҲֻԷļʸɱֻū͡
һʱ˼ϵԪȻȻķҲԸеķŭҷһ졣
ֻ״ֻ̬Ƭ̾ʧ٣ΪģԼǿԼ侲
ʱľʧȥǣ˼򵥵²鿴һ£ȴ΢˿
ո£ϼܶһϼܶԼߣûʬ壬˵ϼӦûţôΨһĿԾץˡ
ûκԥ̵ᣬȡɭٻ
һʨǵʱȣɭ࣬˿Ѿӽ˳塣ֱɭ壬£Ӵ̿ߣǽеĴϣǿٰղڿеԪ׷ȥ
뿪Ƭʱ䣬ԼֻҪ׷кܴ׷ϡ
ɭеٶȺܿ죬Ȼɭ;޴󣬿϶кܴĶֻѾ˼ʲôˣڱҪ׷ȥҲҲϼˡ
ʱǵϼҪԼ˵ʲôֻȴû˵ֻ룬ȴǰԼ޶ۣʱϼֳ̬ͱ飬Ӧò³Ŷԡ
ֻǶϼʶʱͶкøУֻ˵Ĺϵ֪һĺѣѵʱȳϼҲǺܵΪһϵ
֪ϼֻǵһӵѣ룬ֻԸǿˡڿϼҲӦöԼ˺øУϲԼðΣȥԼʱӲȥģһΣһҪԼҲΪҪԼദ
ͨһ㣬Ҫ׷ȥǻź
ɭ˿ֱ̺ײһƬֵпǰ;һЩСĹľֱӱײһЩһͶҲɭֲѹ֮ɢӣֻǸո׷ǧףɭȴǴһء
Էһֻ޴ĺɫӣ;޴󣬶ͷһӡǡ
ΪԶڴصĵ˻е⣬һֱ˻һ
˿ż׷ٵˣȻйӶ֮УӳԪȥ̳
ǲ֪ĺɫޱӭҲǳһһƬпǰĹ˭ͳ˭û뵽һȴߵ塣
ֱۣǺɫϿ޴ѪȫĽ޴󣬾Ȼһ¾ͽǺɫӻɱ
ڵУֵһᡣ
ֻǺɫޱƬ̣ʧȥ˿һ˿Ԫټ׷Ƭ̣֪ԼѾʧȥĿͷУ׷ȥҲ޼£Լ޴ޱȵֵ·
ȻȵĲģͣ
ﲻ磬Ǿ޴ľڹڵ磬﾿ʲô֪ððʧʧҴֻỵ¡
Ҫ׷ץϼȺˣͲʵ侲Ҳ֪Լ׷ϣܵеùļＶĵˣ
ԱҪӳ顣
һطȻɭһԾ䣬ǽ˵Ĵ鿴ơ
ĳû£ֻѪأϲŵļʸ߰˸ˡ
оڹֺïܵɭ赲⣬·ˣȻðķȥץһЩС͵һʳѪҺ
Ѫ壬ֻҪгѪҺͿлָϹġ
Լƺأֱϵ˿ڵνؿڵļǷǳ鷳ȻѪľҺ˿Ҳϣ˿Ѿӳؿڵ·
ÿһľ߶һЩҩƷʨҲгۣһЩֹѪһЩñֲҩࡣ
ȡҵͿĨϣȻһ£ʱֹסѪΪʧѪ࣬ЩͷΡ
ѾѰػ߿Ƭ£Ҫľһϼ
뵽ϮԼϼЩˣȷһһû˵ǺԣǺ֩벿塢ѪԼһ
ΪǺǴ˵еľ飬ʱͽԷ顯֮ǰɱļʬѾǵͬߣûҵʲô
ǶԷһƬ޴ֵУһģľۼأЩ顯˵ĿǰΪֹǳǿĵˣǵΣغͳ䲻⣬пֲٶȺ͹ա
Լ׷˵޷ӽ˾ͱɵˡ
ɣһǿԶ̹ǶôҪ
Щ鹥ԼϼΪΪԼǵأΪʲôҪץϼ
ҵʱԷԼԼɵΪʲôͻȻ룿
Щ˼ĵطȷԼģǸܴﵽļ׼Ǹ飬ҲֻжԷļʸ˵Ŀ١
ȥΪЩ鶨ȻĳĿģֱɱԼϼӦҲ¡
ʱͻȻ뵽һϸڡ
ںͼʱԷкɫҶϷһɫİӡǡ
뵽һ㶣ͻȻϼҲְεӡǣ»ȥӪϼһɡ
ֻ֮Ҳ£˵ǿϵ벻һ㡣
Īӡ֮仹ʲô
²ȻеĲ²ⶼֻǽżĻϣȵ飬ǾȻϼ
ϢƬ̣ջɭ棬ոΪ׷Կ޼ɵɭ·ʵǶ̫󣬻ԵõܿٶȣǾԵòʧ
ŪԼʲôط
СʱŴͰķʼһȥΪ޴Ŀ£֮ǰֱѾȫʧȥ˷ֻƾŸоǰ·ʪ̦޺ľ٣ֲָϼһԣͣڣûй
һƬɭ˾޴һ죬ҲûиԼʲôطԽԽԺ
ʱԼһȴǾһΪոǸȻһǹ졣


һʮ ū
磬ǹ˵飬ֵ統Уǹͷͬˡ
Ѿ֪Σճ̶ȾԶԶ磬ͨľкܶУʮӶȥҲҪʱڰĵˡ
ôֻ˭￪ǹ
ȡӰкͰķһǹķ˹ȥܿ죬ԾһųƴСҶʮ⣬ʮţ˵Щʧǵࡣ
ЩãһǲŮǣЩ˾Ȼд󲿷ֶǾߣֻȻûпƬòʹǹеԸֻΧǵһ
ǹеЩҲֻһѣһΪǿ׳ţǾװİһʽԶǹҲЩƾˣˣŵϼŵľ
ͨһ޷ֵװǹе˿̣Ѿмֻ·Ȯһĺɫʬ壬ЩƤֺɫ·Ϳһ֬ж٣ϢͷֻСһϸ۾͸һײеĹâǷ·ǯӣ򦳤˼ݡ
ֹʬ壬һ˱ҧöƳѾò
ʣ໹ŵĹﻹֻηǹе˿̲ΧεЩҲǾۼһһɫţóǹӵҲˡ
ֻǼ˿һۣ֪Լ־ЩˣٻһᱻЩɱҲҪŪԴ֣ѯһЩˡ
ǹеԽԽСڶôЯǹ֧ˣ֮ǰǸӪصУȴŪһֻװʽװս죬׼װãʮУܴԪӵⶫһĶҪλֻ߶ԷƤ̣Ҳܽɱ
£ֻҪͿԽЩһɱô߰ķԺܿЩ
ô붯Լʵһ֪ЩڵʲôͷʵǳбҪؿڵֱ۵˿ڻʹΪɱһЩͼԼ˿ڿѡ
ҪǣЩǹܿܽ
ǼֻѾʼ׼ǹŰ⿪գʱͻֵУͻȻһԭĹֹͣ˶ֻ˻Умʮɫ䡣
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ô죬Ǹô죬Ҳ뱻ץȥˡ
ܣǷɢܣһһ˵ǸǹӣһǹһֻһͷɢŮˣæѡһܡҲǷӦæɢӡ
ʮˣ߰˸ߣȷЩȮһ£һʱ䲻֪׷ĸ
ʱԶԾӰԼٶͷſƬ㿴Ųոûܳȥסô޷ѡ
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ϮԼϼ֡顯ģһһҲֺɫİ
ֻȻ⼸ȵϮԼЩҪ˺ܶ࣬һĸֻһﵽı׼ĶһϴĻף䱸Ͷ̽ӵпƬǣҪʮ޴ǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼ׷ʮߵľĸһ
ʱϢȡһšաƬһ顯ʹãտƬϢģҸöԷҪնԷԣ˽Ϣ
ȵЧԭĸԣ˿Ҳܱˡ
׷ųȮ׷ЩͼūߣȻҳʱûߣʵǿɶ񣬼סץģǾɱǣֵͼūɱûκιϵǸﵽľ˿ݵ˵
ǣӦ˵ֱ꣬ȡ˼￨ƬٴٻֻȮͬķ׷ٶȥ
ȵĸ鶼뿪ǿ˿ϵǸʬ壬룬ȴǸͰķ´һȻһ˹ȥ
˿ץһ֦ûĿ񱼣ôܣȮǽ׷ᣬ֪Լͣ£ץȥǼֱ˻Ҫܡ
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ңܡ˺һǲҽóпıܡ
ľҲǻȻֻ˼֮ͻȻ֣Լ߲֪ʲôʱȻǶһˣҲԼһȿ񱼡
һ㶣԰ԼһֻܹжӣոնѾץˣλĶģ
Ťͷɨһۣλŵ·ԼһҲãѪתһ룬ĪǺԼһӳū
֮ǰֻҲû˵ǲԼһ˵Уܻ谵Ҳ塣
ʱͻȻһܣ׷ˣ
һ⻰ҲûʱϹˣҪȴĿ񱼣ֻǸܳȥף͸оԺһ˹ֱӱֻȮ˵ڵء
ץˣܿ죬׷һԾ飬ɨһ۱Ȯ˵ڵūȴЦһȻ㿪һɫĿᣬſƬ
ūͼūץҹǣʩԱ̣Ծ۾һɣ̼ŹŹֵĿƬ
һ̣ƾճ֣ŵԪΣɿĽū˫˫סȻ·һεһֱӽūƾԶƮ˹ȥ
˿̣ŵĳңȴǱ۾˵һ仰
Ǻһͬߵū˿ȴ͵͵۾ֽϱŵǷһ˿ȡ
ˣ
ȻЩˣ뷨ŪԷȻǸǻصǵפءץסᣬٰɺͳһūץ󣬽ݲһҵԷϳ
ȻҲзգֻҪһ㣬ͲᱻʶƣǱԼЩ˺ҪգϾ˭Ҳ֪ЩûʲôֶοԷԼҪǣԷһɭϵϳôԼܻܲȥ˵
ڣԼǴҡڱϽȥģȻܻɵġ
ƶϣϼܾܿͱ˶Էϳ
ֻЩӺ;ƵȻӵ̾ΪֹĿƬԶŲߵġūûмĿƬܿϼǱֿƬƴߡ


һʮһ ҹǣһ
ܸоֽϵȻʵһԪǣкüַԴ
˿̣Ӧ˴ͰķԪԶԶĸں棬ΪԶǲıԷ֡
ūԶǰ֮ǰߵ⼸ūҲһһץ˻ֻǸǹĺӺŮûл׶༪ˡ
һץġūһа˸ˣ˿̶һ޾ɣŶӱūקǰ˰СʱſǰоȻǳһ
һȫ޽ڸ־޴ľϵĳУɫĽټͷǰ׶ɡ״ڵľһֳһֺڰζ
ǽĹ֪ﻹһӴĳ
Ǽ·һŽ뵽ע⵽һźɫľĳǽֳֹľھ䣬շǳţйոմսĺۼкܶʸʬ塣
ֻˣкܶྐྵȻ࣬ҲһˣΨһͬǣܶʬ·ϣһɫİ±ǡ
ŵ˿·һŻˣЦֹ
ߣǼߵūĶҪ˵ӦֱӴǡ
ûǵūкܶ࣬ƽʱӣȴƫƫʱߣҿܾܿļ
ˣгϾϣǱҪ񣬷ֹЩһν壡
Щ޼ɵĽ̸ţƺҲʹõԣЩū
ֻȻ֪⵱лһǵԡ
壿ĪǾɫ壿ʲôа˵ȻûŪȴԼЩ飬ܸʱ򣬾ͻˮʯ
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˱Ͻ˹һЦֱתԪһץ˾ͱūһľϡ
ʱ֮ǰץ˵Ǹ˵ͻȻϴ
ҪʩԱ𣿺ãܺãЩʵļһҪݺݵĳͷǿ׳ͬһ˴˿̹ЦӶƤޣһһĳһߵū
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ǱͶһʪηʱ͵͵ϵĻ뿨ᡣ
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Ϊ˱̣˶ͬһڵϣһѣֻΧηƺϰˣû˭飬вǿ׳忴뿪󣬴յԵηǰ⣬ȴ䳰ȷĻ
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ǰ˰еʱ͵ⶼǵŶˣôûӻиϱҲûһͷ˵
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ЩֶΣһ𺰣Ǽ˻û˵һ̾ɻصηʼϢ
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һ£Ӧ˹ԭ⼸ͷԼˣֻΪʲôǲ˵ơԷչҲ壬ԷĻ죬ҲԼߵĶ֡
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뵽ЩҲû˵뿴«ŵʲôҩ
ͷ۾Էųһʵʲôطôˣ
ЦЦûлشǳһ㶣ŻȻŶˣҽһ£ҽгһٸܣҪǣڵҹǣ˼ԶںҹеĳУʱ㿴кܶߴ׵ĴǴϵɡ״ڿڵ󲿷ֹߣټϻоڣʲôʱ򣬶ҹһ˾㿴ЩˣԳҹ壬Щһﳤúʹ˵еľ࣬ȴҪײֱ̫࣬Ͳˣ
ʱһԿһС磬ǱͲˣ
һۣ߼æ˵
˵֮ǰһسǣǶǱˣֻһͻȻ˾ҵ𶯣Ѿˡ˶ҹץˣūÿ


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ĵľǰԼֶ֪İˣԭȻֻǶԷҹ˻ܻῴˣ֪˲Ƿӣôһӳȥİ취
ȻԸźһ֡
һˣҲɵȻóǹڼԼ׳һЩԷлһ㺬壬Ǿҹǽ䱸ϣкܶ㲻֪鱨ҪʲôĿģҡ
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ⶫھ֮ڣ˵ˮһֱҹɫ԰Ӱһֱʹá
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ϲǣİ˾ȻֶΣԷԼ˵ҹħƣĵǣ˻᲻ĲҪԼ뿪Լͬˮһա
ֻʱ򣬳ҲûбķӣֻԶ϶Է뿪ҲӲҹǣΪҹΧһֹŹֵķĤĤʱκ˶ܳ롣
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սǿģȴױģסû̬顣
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һ̣ηϢĴ򿪣۾һĻ뵽Էзӳû뵽Ȼô졣
Ǹ˾ʲôˣ
ηźܿٴιϣָ֮ǰӣ̲ӣѾ뿪ηĵߵ档
ڴǸǿ׳ҹ忴ǽ˯ûоԷֱ˳ȥ˵档
ҹǡ
˿вѲߣǵã֮ǰܵĹǿѲȡ
ٻһֻ飬ֻ´̽ҹǣԼҲǿŰӰĴߡ
ֻҹǱҪܶ࣬ٶȣ²ҵϼ
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ҹ˷ôѣĽԷţͬʱ֮Ѿγҹ˵Ĳϡ
ܿ죬ҹ˵ڶԷϵҶɱ㣡
ҹһ㶣ȴǲɿ˶Է죬ǵŶԷĲӡ
㾹Ȼҹ˵ԣҹʵֻôܻشȴǺ޺ŶԷĲӣ𣬽ǵץһŮˣ
˵壿ļ㣬ɱңҲ˵˰еСԤϵģҹ˵ķӦǳ󣬾ȻǴӦ죬ֱŶԷĿڱǣȻһҹ˵Ĳп
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ҹ˲˴ҹսʿƣҲ֪Լǲ鲻ĶˣոҲ֣ҹƺһĤ֣һֻɳ涼ɲȥ
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ʲô𣿡ͷҹսʿףѾ׼ʵ
Ǹǿ׳¶һĵЦݵûУеūη
Ǿά״ոļϸڳɱǵͬסǳʱڣԲܳκ©ҺúõĿܺū˲Ӿʣ˵꣬Ǹҹսʿһ˼Ҵ뿪˵Ρ


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˵꣬ߵ棬ٲЩūЩūУӵóȥһʮӳȥҲΪԷɻĻᣬȻûֻˡ
Ȼ浽ӵĽͽŲ֪Լʱǰȫˡ
Ҳ֪Լηùˣηĳˣ˻ָӳȥȻڻ淢
ʱҲ˹
ֵܣ㻹Ӱʮ˵ܳη֮ȷ൱
˿鲻̫ãղһͻزˣΪҹֹĤ֣Ҳȥһܾܿͻᱻ֣ʱԼҲҹôսʿĶ֣˵Էдﵽļ׼ĸִڡ
˵ոЩðˣֻǺ޽̽һؼ㡣
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壬ǵڶ֮ǰҲҹἰ֮ǰҹǵҲΪ塣
ĪϼǸ壿
ʱҺģϼôʲô壬ֱЩ
ѯʣһ㶣ǱҲӣ˵֪һЩϢ
ܰԼԼҪ鱨ðսǾȳȥҲǲԣ֪¿Լһ˻治һܰɣҪ֣ɾΨһѡ
뵽˿˵ӳȥ
˾񣬵˵ͷû֮ǰܼƻҺ͸ģʵһͳɹˣϧȻʧˣлᣬǿ϶ӳȥҿó϶ĿģȻڻ֪Ϊʲôܰǿ϶ᾡֻҪӦǣʱһѾУ
˵⻰ʱ򣬳ԵüΪϣڴĿ֮Ըѡһʵû취Ϊһ࣬ʵס
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͵죬һѱЩҹץ˽
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ֵܣǶòȴԴѧĲʿЩҹ˵ԣǲһЩ鱨Щҹ˺ܴǻԻʹõǵԣ˵ȴǵԣֻҺ֣Щҹôͨǵԡ
֪ҹ˿϶տûտƬ¾Ȼ⿿Ūҹ˵ԣʵһ˲š
λֵҪǸŮ˵£ʲô˵Ķļ˵
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壿ͻȻ˵
һ㶣Цû壬ô֪ˣһǹ죬ͻȻҹǣΪǸŮˣҲΪ˽ոžԽû뵽
ˣгͲ˵ˣûˣһЪȥɣЦŽߣȻ֪Ҳô࣬ǿóҹһǸʮӣֻǾΪʲôǾͲ֪ˣ
˵ͷһǳҪ飬Ǿǿȷϼҹ˿еġ塯ҺҹΪеǸ壬ƺҲᣬ֪˹ѺϼľλãһͿһȳϼ
֪Щ˲٣ţԼʵֻҪļ׼ĵˣô䲻ͻϮȳϼĿԺܴΨһ鷳Ǿ֮ӳҹǡ
ҹǶһŹֵĹĤ֣дҹսʿأʱ򾪶ˣ¾ǾϼҲӲ
ʱ˿µĵ棬ȴ΢΢һЦ
ӲȥǾʹӵߣԼɭ棬ǿڶĸ֣Ҫڳһͨҹ֮ĵصԲѡ
˳ܽ˾ȳȥ
Ȼ˼ҵ飬ȻҪȥģԼľ˼ƻ˳ڶͿһʵʩ
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ʼҹƵūһȶֻÿ춼ܲĥڣҲֻǧūˡ
˵ҹΪе壬ͬҲŴ࣬ƺūĵλҪ΢һЩҲͨҹԵİӲ֪Щ
ȻһƬ޴ľУŲֹҹһ壬ûҲ֪˵һЩź±źڽ˽ҹǣʱǾȽԶҲԷĳࡣ
Сʱ󣬾ͬ˵ģҹ˶һãȻηѾѵĻᱻһרԪǻᱻط
ʱһɫۼ׵ҹ˿ȴһ㶣Ȼǵ˿ᣬȡһſƬ
ȻҲע⵽ԷĶáɫۼ׵ҹѾﵽı׼֪ǿǸоԼϵԪԷȡĿƬȻһ鿨
˵ʱʱ죬ҹ˳Ƭһ̣Ȼץסū
ԳԤ֮⣬ԭϢ͵͵ϼȴû뵽Ȼ⡣
Χʮҹȡ̵֪Լ¶ˣ֮ǰļƻ϶Ҳˣ뱻ץͱͻΧ


һʮ ӡӡ
Ķ죬ҹ˼ƬͬʱͶˡ
һҹսʿӦͱǰһݺݵؿڣԷһ׼һȫ߼ǴŻףǻҲֱӱ߱⣬һ̣Ѿ˦˼ѷķɵһҹɱԼҲǳ񱼶ȥ
ʱǸҹ˵Ļ䣬Լ鷢öô졣
ȫûзӦѾͻΧʮֻ飬ʶʲôȴҲǲҶа̾ϢΪİ˿԰ຣȴû뵽ûʼѾˣҹǱ֣ʵٲҲߣջǻᱻɱץ
磬⡭һĻСʵ
ʲô˵ȱסԼСһҹʣ˵ʲô֪ҧгݵ˵Ȼô˵Ҳ֪ڵҪӳȥἫã
˵ȻոΧ£ɸ׷ҹսʿԽԽ࣬ԷųڱܵȮ˵ںܶʱҹǶʹðӰʱ䶼ûУ£ҹֱֹֻҹȥ·ϣҹսʿΧɱ
Щҹսʿٶȼ죬;ԶʹùֻƬ̣뵽˾ԵƵС
ѾƤףΧļʸҪˣҲǺѵֵ½ٻļֻޱҲȫôȥеūҲûá
Χҹսʿ󲿷ֶһͶսʿ٣׷ͽҲնɱ˲ٵˡ
Ҳˣˡ
ߵʵļӳԼ׷Ȼƣʱڵܡҹսʿȴв٣ֻҹսʿܶ࣬һ½նɱ̾
һҹսʿԶһ׷ȥһʹɱ˹ȥ
ҹսʿ״æͬʱö̵ƴɱȻͬΪֶҪ̶࣬ʱ䣬նҹսʿһֱۣȻһץסԷĺ
ǣҪɱ㣡ҹ˵˵ûҹսʿشԶһɱļʸͼ
æ㿪ʸֱӽץŵǸҹսʿɱҪƣû뵽Щбҹ˾Ȼͬ
һһļҹսʿԷȻϮ°ϼǸҹˡ
㣿ҵһȻûȷЩ£㾹ȻǵԣҹɱһѲ߱˾ɣǸļҹսʿŸ߹ףһ˫۾͸¶һɫͲм
ĻͶԷ£ԷļսʿôԼֻӣɡ
׼һʩչ׷磬ҹսʿۼʩչ˽ʽ罣
˲䣬ʮޱȵĽͬϯܲҹսʿ̳˴Ƭ֫ϱ۱ʮ׸ߣ׷Χͬһȷ籩ꡣ
˶ͬһ϶͵ȵɱļҹսʿʱŭһ̺һЯֲı
ٶȼ죬ֱţʸĺ֮Ѫס
ã󾪣ʸĻڣһͬʱӶĿ֮УҪǼʸ
ֻǱٶ̫죬ո̧֮У͸оϴһһ̣ѾЩĿ̱֮飬ڻΪ֮еĸ񵲣һƫһ㣬ǲӷɹںĵ棬ֱӽʮ׷Χڵĵʸĳֽĵֱ飬澹Ȼȥһӡ
ȻǱɱһ֮б٣ӶǱĺû֪֪ٲǾԱɡ
һ̣ͨԪҹ֮ĴͰķҹǵķĤͬʱеٴʩչ׷磬ֱ뵽ոǸĴӵС
Ƿӷеڹǵķ֣һҹսʿǸļҹսʿ˵
һЩ壬̴ȥԮļҹսʿҹ嵱еλͣ˵֮дҹսʿǷǱ߱ȥļҹսʿǴʮ£˸ոյĿӶԵ
ΪԷӵӶУҲӵߣʱͿ׽
ֻǵȵ֮ŷ֣澹Ȼ֪ʲôʱ򣬳һĶѨһǸոھģոǸྐྵȻˡ
ļҹսʿŭȴǺ׷Բˣ
˵꣬ͷȥͨУʮҹսʿҲǽ
˿ӶãһǸٻɭ棬Ȼ굽ɭɭ´ܵ
ոյĴս˵е߰˸ʸûвӶɭڶ֣ҪôܣҪôɱûܡ
֪Է᲻׷ֻɭ££ͬʱַ򣬺ڶҲԻˡ
˿ֻ̣оƤԽԽأȻɭޱȣ˼ˣ˺ģǸļҹսʿıֱֲ֮ǲѪҺ
ڣоһϮֱʧȥ֪
Ҳ֪˶ã˹֣ԼɭϲǣİӾȻѾ֪ȻЩľٱ֮ǰ˺ܴĺת
ɭѾûټߣ˿ϵıŷԼԹȥȻѾȥ߰˸Сʱ
ôʱ䣬֪ɭ浽ʲôطҹļҹսʿҲ׷ˡ
ɭ´ſ˴죬Ȼͷ˳һ̣һƨ˵ϣŷ֣ԼȻһʮֹŹֵĵط
˵Ź֣ΪﾹȻһ޴ĵ¶ѨͷϻһɭڴĶȻˤʱҲˤԺˣһֱûж
Ȼڵ£ﲢڲָע⵽¶ѨĶĶϸһŷЩ˷ǳСĹâֻ۵öˣҲ
֮⣬ﻹСһĹ࣬ҲǿԷɫĹâ
㵹ڵʲôطһɭ棬Ȼ￨


һʮ 
λҹ°һӵڣһ·׷ٶҹսʿ˿̿ͨһŭ
ʮ׷ɱһ࣬ȻöԷˣǸļҹսʿһľΪʱһԽԷɱȴû뵽Էţһҹսʿ˵һ裬һٱǸߣôȻᱻҹʮһλӳЦΪЦ
ļҹսʿĿһ£ȴ벻ǸྐྵȻӵĵ£׷Բߣ
һԣһﵽŮҹսʿ˿ǰĵ¶ȥĦѾӽ˵еˣټ׷ȥ¡
ļҹսʿһ㶣һЩĵĵ˵ͷûһֱҹɭеĽأֻȥҹ˲ܽ룬ԪѾ֮˵ǸǻŲ·ӵӸãһ׷ɱ֪ǳļһҲǱɣߣҹǣͬʱĿӶȫƽ
˵꣬ļҹսʿЦһԷǰٷ֮Ҫģ˵һ࣬ԼóȻӣҲ׶༪٣ȻˣҲûҪȥ׷ɱһ֮ˡ
Լ֮ǰһȻûжԷȴǱ˶Է壬϶ˣ״̬ӣĻûС
뵽Ǵҹսʿҹǡ
һʯͷϣոѾµ˿ڣȻ˼ҪټԼŻףƾǿҪָҲ¡
طڷһЩŹ֡
ԭȴΪԼԪȻʧͷ·ǱһˣȻɭŲ·ԼһΣյĵط
͵ֲ֮ǰɭſſĲ붯ԭǱ̫ԪҲԼԪȫʧ֮ɭҲŽпˡ
ϼЩбҹץߣ֪ҪͻÿһƶǷǳҪģʧɭ޴ͺڿӵﲻɻȱģ˵ûɭ棬֪ô뿪
۲һ֣ԼڵԪȻǱ¿ӶΧ¶Щȥ
ȷϵǣЩѾˣôԪ
ĴڣԳ֮Ϊ顢飬Щʲôѵ
ȴǾֵķ֣ԼԪʧٶȱ¿²ЩԷө
ڣѪľҺԲϵĲԪϼСʱ͵ñ˸ɡ
طô죬Щҹ˵϶ҸһЩʳ˵
һλҹǣ˵ʧˣû뵽Щҹ˵Ľƻʵƿֲ
ҹ壬ļҹ壬ֻһǶ֣ǼеĵƺС
һļҲǲһɥҪǶͷͻȻðĳȺǹŹֵĽɫƬѾˡȻÿζָ漣ұ֤һԼ£᲻ֳȣ᲻ٳֽɫƬ
ԣԼʵҪġ
ֻҲߴһͨ콵ƬнǴʼҪĻǾͲƬˣΪƬߵģҲֻƬҪļҪͨ
ֻһ꣬ҲһߣǸʱ߶˵ѾǸֵĴˣļߣȻҲ˵˵٣δļȴһܡ
Ҳ֪
Ҿ֪ҲԶˮⲻ˽ʣϼҹһ죬ͶһΣգԲߡ
ϢƬ̣оָ˲٣ȴҪʶȡ֮С
ֻʱ֮ʱѾǱǸļҹ˵ı顣
Ǹ˵ץϼƻҵҼˣ뵽Ǹļҹ˾һ
Ҳֻѣ֮б٣ΣֻȡһŲһ
Ǵӳ߿еõģսľʱУأ־ͿԻ裬һװɫƷʣʹڹʱ򣬼ӳһԪϣγһػЧ
ԣһӲʯⲿսҲһҳ顣
˵ָѾڿ֮ˣֻ֮и˵Ҳ˳֣Ҫǣⲿսûʩչ
򽣼ҲǸµʱ䣬޽ȴн֣աľ硣
Գ˲սȡ˲ٷЩڵõ߿Ѿ࣬ԾѴѵãҲģ֮ǰ֮ԲãȴΪЩȲϽ
ٻһֻһսʿ
ڻ֮ǰ͸Ͱķ´˳ԱڻԸӦͰķԪԵǲҪġ
Ѱһ¶ѨﾹȻǬЩѾȥԷľģĢԿһŷЩĢֵǺʮֵĲ
֪ЩʲôãֻǿʮŴ䣬ǲټϾĢҲҪԪġ
ǰ棬һͨ߹ȥսʿǰ̽·Ǹں档ͨƬ̣ͻȻǰȻʣһ޴ĿӶǰ
ȣ֮ǰԼڵǸѨͷ·ϵһƶһСֲۡ
ԲεĿӶУΧұڣ෴һƬĶһĿɿڴΧȻһȦ޴ޱȵɺƤ
һ˲䣬ֻоͷƤ飬뵽һֿܣǾԲεľͿӶһġ
ֻҲʵ̫˼ˣһģôжô޴
֮ǰ濴ĸߴϰ׵ľľѾޱˣԼڵٱľ޴ٱϡ
ֻľѾĲλѾÿնΪһռ䣬˿̣ĴС
ôӣ˿ĭ˵ܿ죬͹˲ϸ̾ˣΪһ̣оʵʵڵΣա
һְսԪʨǵµ֮ظоϢʨ֮صĻҪŨʮ
֮ͬ籩һϯѾ˲ЩˣΪǰһĿУһȺӰ


һʮ ľ޵
УЩӰȻȥҹˣΪӵͬòֻƤԣ˫ۿն顣˿Щֲսʿǲ˵Ϣǰһڿֱ˹
ȻȥҹˣЩһٶһ㶼ûмȻ֫ãɱ÷צǴƷ˵Ѫ⡣
δҲֻսʿ鶥ǰ棬ԼӶսǿıΧҹ顣
ʱҹӡѾǲ˼㣬ЩһˣҲ˰ڳЩҹ鶼ֻһ׼಻ֻĲս㹻ˡ
Ҳ˲սһôȫһˣ˷ĸ֮⣬ÿһοȥһֲֿԪػһҹո˹ָɨֱӽԷΣʣµزҲ̱һɳҷɳȥͬڵһûҹֱӱУԵڵϡ
սʿæֵһҹ飬ˣѹסķһԭܼ򵥣Ǿ
һͶҹ飬ﵽһҲռƣˣҲûʩչԴģɱ˵˵罣У֣ܵľڱڷ϶УҲʼҹ顣
Īҹ˵Ĺأ˿ͷƤ飬û뵽մҹͻΧ鷳
˿ƾսʿĲսսˣս˿̻ʮ㣬ɨҹ飬ҪôпϣҪôԪػҷɳȥȻǱɱһѪ·
ֻ߼ʮҹΧɱֹƺԶɱһ㡣
Σʱ̣Ҳ۹·֣ǰ״һĵطвʯϰܸϵƾΧϰٲҪܵУƾԼūͺͲսԵֵסЩҹĽ
ƾ貿սԪػһѪľҺȻȻǰȥҹһɨĸкػЧ֪ʶ˼¹ͳ嵽һƬ
һ˶ߵҲʯ;޴ľΪϰЩҹ޷˷ΧһֻҪרעԸһĵ˾ͺá
ǸոһսҲϼˣ룬֮ǰ˿ڴ˿ҲЩѣȾȫѪҳʱ貿սҲֱЩ顣
ǿֱɢ飬ٻһޱʱ͵Ľսūͼֵ󣬸ոͻΧսھǷս
ֻȵһ׼ЩҹһսʱȴǷ֣Щҹ龹Ȼû׷
ô£
һ㶣˿ЩҹһצǼ⿴ҪƺʲôɵʱѾΧһȦһȦҹ飬Ѿﵽϰ١
ʱҲˣЩ鲢ֻҹ壬ǵҲдǰεģߵİƷкɫģҲɫġ
ѾǸոս뾧ˣӳҹѾ֪ɫµҹˣɫƷģˡ
ȻȥûʲôȴͬˮȺЩҹദͦǢģò˵һַ̡֪ΪʲôЩûм׷ɱȻԭ
ʱע⿴˿ԼڵĻдûκĵطȷЩ鲢
ˣ
ΪʲôЩ鲻ɱ
Ȼô£˵ȴһ£ʱ䴭Ϣʱ˼ϰֻһӵϣԼδֵܵס
Ҫ˵ҲǷǳ󵨣̸һޱ´Ŵֲףǿ׳һֳֵսһץһֱǰȥȻһݺݵĿȥ
ޱ죬Ǳƺǳŭֻûгֻ治ߣúڶһۿݺݶޱ˷ŭ˻
ޱ˻ʵ֪ȷЩ鲻̤Ķ
ȷһ㣬һ߻ָһ߲鿴ΧȻǿԼ׵ĵطһʯӺǶһ͹棬һ
һʼûע⣬էһۿȥΪһһ˶ߵʯͷ˿ϸһŷ֣ǸʯӺ͹ǶϵģȻһö޴ĵ
ʱŷӦΧһֱΪʯͷĶȻǵֻ⵰ʮ־޴󣬶Ѿ̼ȥͺʯһ
ֻмǸǶϵľ޵ȴԸܵɢŨԪ
˿Χ飬ĵЩľ޵ѾǺʯͷûʲôΨĵԪĪЩɵľ
Ĵ֪Ук֮ܶǰδżδĹ޵ʲôģȴǿȻЩ鲻ǷȻΣգͬ˵ģѳ죬ΪôҲͻҪǣʱ˼û˿ôǰϸоľ޵
޵ܴĳ־ģֻϲʲôȻ޵Ļãȷţ޵Ѿˡ
Ҳ˵Ķʲôܷ֮ԿɢŹֵԪǹŹֵйϵ
ΪʲôЩ޵֪
ʱ֮£ȴһ޵ͻ𡣴޵֮ϣȻǴһɼΪֲ
ڵԪȻһּΪֲٶȱߡ
󾪣ҪֶֻȴһһȻ޷鿪ƣͬǱһǿһ
֮ǰЩŹֵľʱͱЩ˲Ԫ޴ӵУڵԪɢٶҲǿ࣬˵ӵѪľҺ챦类˸ˡ
˿̣޵֮ǰֻҪǿڳʮλԪֻĸ֮ͱ˴롣
ΪߣԪһ⣬ǽʧľͻʱ˵ɡ
£ٺҲԱˡ
Ԫʧٶ̫죬ԿԼֱۿʼԣæȡһѪľҺغȡ
ѪľҺԿٻظԪǹŹֵľ޵ǿԿٵʳԪһ¾ȻǴһƽ⣬ǲƫУ˿ֻҪǾ޵ʳٶȿѪľҺĻָٶȣôԼɡ
ֻѪľҺҲֻмʵޣÿһͰݻѪľҺôʱ䣬Լú͸ãҲûһޣȥкܶ࣬ʵϣԪʳСʱȷԼѪľҺҲþ


һʮ 鸴
ʱһһĹȥ˿̷侲޷Ǿ޵ԪɲϵıߣڼСʱڣԼΣա
ΧЩ鵹ɢԭҲ֪޵ɢһɹԪѾʼӰԼԼԪڸǣЩʵϸûӾȫƾԪĸӦоԼȻǻ뿪
ЦǣЩ뿪˿Ҳû
һСʱѾȹһѪľҺҪ֪£һѪľҺ㹻ϰģڣһСʱûˡ
ȻסǾ޵ɲϵͬһôԶԲĹֻܼѪľҺʱҲϸ۲һ޵
ߴ壬˲ܽ价˵ȻֻЩ͵пܻ־͵ĵ
£ô޴󵰵;ԳʮϣߴǵĿǰΪֹ޴ġ
ǵʯ˺;Լɭ涼Ǿţ˾޵Ĺ֮ǰǼҪ޴
Ĺ֪ϵϵϵϵ޵ǻŵģôǳˣΪԪ޵Լū͡
޵ѾˣԼٶԪҲûκμֵʮƵĵط
ǰСʱڸоϵܿ죬ӴСȻʧæѿ
һ̣Ӿ޵ͻȻðһɺɫԪ˲뵽ָϵ䵱С
һ˲䣬ͻȻоԼʱ޵Ҳ˵Լõ޵Ȩ
ոһɫԪǾ޵ԪȻֱӱգӵ䣬ȻҲӵǸ޵ϾԷԼ˶Ԫǿһȥģ޼ֵĵȥųԶж
һСʱʱķһްѪľҺⶫһһ㣬ޱȣ͸ȫɱ
ΧЩѾߵһʣҲõĴ˿Լƣʱ򣬻ᱻЩû
ǴԭأָڵԪϲķ֣ûн£ԼԪȻͻƣﵽʮλ
ߣڵԪֻʮλԪ֮һϣͬľУ˵Ѿû˵֡
ȻԪӣ϶Ǻ͸ոձԪͻָԪйأһջһʧ
Ƭָ֮ԪҴ˿̣ҲǾ޵֮ʮŨԽһ֮ţȻ޷˵УЩҲҪˡ
Ҫǣ֣Ǿ޵ĴԼ˿̿ԪˮƽȻֱǴŹֵľ޴ӵУԪҲԺԲơ
ֻһ˽¶ԷļߣҲԲ̫ãûѪľҺܿٻָԪʱ䳤УļߺҲȻ
ʱ뿪ֻҪȵɭָͿɭԼ뿪ֲӡ
ʱͷ˿ոԼٵλԪľ޵ȴͻȻðһͷ
޵ǻŵľͿԷʱ治ʲôԳΪԼūͣȻһּ裬ʵ޵ģٷܷľ޵Ǿһ޼ֵĶﶼռط
ͻȻ뵽ԼһſƬ˵֪õĵܷ
ڽߵʱõĵڶͿƬ鸴
鸴һķһѪ⿨ƬһѾūתΪ飬һ̬
˵һֵּɴСĿƬ
˵ɴСΪļֵȫڱ黯ū͵ļֵ鸴һһȮūͣõһȮļֵҲǿԺԲơ
鸴һ߼ūͣʹĲͬˣ˵ģһôԽ鸴һſƬļֵͻἫ
Ϊԭһֱûʹһ鸴ǴʺϵʱԽ鸴ļֵ󻯡
ڿܷľ޵ͻȻ뵽ҪҪ޵ʹ鸴
ͷһƣҪ֪ҪȥҹȥϼҹǿѾ̹һļҹսʿͿԽԼԵģֶξҲǶ֡Ҫǣȷҹ嵱УԲֹһļսʿ
һҶв˵и࣬ҪȳϼĿԼСԲơ
ȱľǿսҲ˵κοԼʵȥ
޵һͲͨѣʹ鸴Ǹ޵һͬ鸴ƬϵĽһ
һеյ㣬ֻһĿʼ
޵ת᲻һǿٷ֮ٵ׬ˣʱ˵ƾ˾ȳϼ
ȻôҲзա
һ鸴ǷֻǷʧܣˮһա
ֻǺܿͷʲô¶зգֻʧܣôôܳɹ
뵽ѾǴ⣬ᣬȡһųõġ鸴Ƭ
Ѫ⿨ƬֳΧʬǣܿ죬㹻Ѫ⿨Ƭ
һ̣һǾ޵ˡ鸴Ƭ
ĿƬ˲仯һźȻûһ·֮ŵӰ֮򿪣һɹɺڻɫԪӿӿǸ޵
ߴ˺¡¡죬޵Ȼһɹһл͹ʧ١
ٿǾ޵˿Ѿû֮ǰͬʯͷһʵأǴ˿̷һɿֲĺˣ޵УһŹֵ졣
ɹˣĿһ£ɫһϲ
ȻɹˣѾ֪õľ޵ɹıÿƬת飬̬ѵҪǣ֪޵һ̬˹Ҳ˵޵ǿԷġ
뵽ֿܣֻоѣȻ֪޵ʲôʣ˾޴ĵٿԷһǿޱȵǿ󣬾ԳѪɭ棬ʯǸǿ
Ȼһֲ²⣬Ǿ޵᲻ļ
ܷļʵȽϲļļҹսʿҲԲҪˣϽܽնɱʱҪȳϼҲǲܵˡ


һʮ ޽ǿ
鸴ʹóɹͨ޵ϵԪо޵ҪҪһʱ䣬˿̿ͨԪ޵ϵҲܸӦõ
;޵ΪΧŨԪԸѾתΪľ޵ṩ֣˵Ѿ޵Ԫϵ޵˲佫ٻԼǰ
ϢƬ̣ǰ޵Ǵ뷨뿪ֲӡ
޵Ԫûκκô
ΪΪǾ޵ˣ䵱еõһԪԴԪѾԶʧ⵹һ£Ҳ֣õһԪЩ飬ȻûмƺԪڵϢһ
һǳ׷˵޴ޱȵĵʵЩΣգԼӵѪľҺӵ䣬ԼóȻҲȻᱻԪû⡣
ڣвûˣǿ΢е̽һ޴ӡ
ܿ죬ǰһ˴ĺǣǺǵ״ѣӦҲҹ˵ģ֪˶꣬Ȼγһ޴Ĺǿӡ
Щҹ峹׸֮󣬾ͻ޴Ĺǿӣֻǿӣȴðһͷ
õз˺ܶõ֪ʶо޽Բսʿġǿӡ
ȻˣԼβĹǿһЩĶԲԴԴϵսʿһͬ鿨һԼ㲻Ҫٵū͵Դκʱսʿǹܹõġ
뵽˵ɾ͸ɡ
ǿԼʵֻһǿӡҲʵ࣬ҸᵱеԽǿɡǿӡֱɵĹ̶ӵУһԺֻҪһЩԪͿԲóҹǿҲǷֵȼģͬȼĹǿӣܲսʿҲкܴͬ
£ǿʼ׼һǿӣҪٵԪԪʮţɲһСĿϵԪУϵԪҲţʲô⡣
Ԫ׼׵֮󣬱ǿˡ
ٻսʿһǿӣ֮ǰûǿӵľ飬һҲѧһʱ䣬ǽе׼ɡ
Ҫһšĸǿӡ˵ĸǡƿʦҪյһ˵ҪһΪ򵥵ġȮ￨ҪѾԪѱȮɵĸС
ԪԼߵʵһĸֱѴ֮Ƭ̺Ѿһſհ׵ĿƬ
ĸûκЧãȴܶ࿨ƬĶ
ǿӿͬƬҲпʧܵģȻʧܣҲһЩĸѡ
գķĸǽǰ޴ĹǿɵĸС
һҫ۵Ĺâԭհ׵ĿƬϣѾˡǿӡͼһһﵽĹǿӣԲù֡
Ȼǹ֣
ϲūУԶ빥ıǲ࣬ʨǣԶ빥ūͶǼ۸ܸߣҴмУӦû뵽ԼɵһǿӣȻһԲùֵϡл
ȻҲܿΪǿӵеĺǶҹԵʣȻûкӴǴҹͿԿ϶Ҳһóʹù壬ΪԭԲŻӰǿӡ
ôһԼҵһĺ֮أĺһǿӣǿԲ
Ƿһ˿Цݣôһ죬ҹʲôֻ֪Ҳѣĺ֮أôҵ
һ̣ǿӡɵ䵱Уɹǿӿһزٵý飬ûܳɹ
õһǿӿһջ֪ʵԼǷǳˣҵһʺγɹǿӵĵطǼѵ飬ط㹻ԪһдĺǣγȻǿӲſԡ
£׷ֵط
ٻù֣ȻЩùֶһ֧ǹļʸʮ㣬ֻ䣬ɵҲǲСҲ˺
ͷ˿Զľ޵ֱ߳޴ӡ
ѷͨҪ뿪ЩŹķΧɭŲᱻЩԪ˵ҲǷǳлɭ굽һֲĵطһ֮أЩҹҲԲ׷
˳һѷƬ̣·ռ˲ЩŹֿʳԪ׼ȥԺооЩһЩʸ䵽ϣͿʳԷԪ벻Ч
Ҳ֪˶ãԼһصѷ֮󣬾ȻǵһΪͨΪ޽ĺۼ˾̵ʯ塣
ͨľͷһԲεĿӶ
ʱһ춯ȡӰϣͬʱɢֻù֡
ǰƬ̣ɫ·żôҶʬ壬ǰȥ󣬱㽫ʬ˵ϡ
ҹˣЩ˵Ӻ̷Ӧ˹ܿ죬Ʒ뷨ΪЩģҹһƷİӡǣɫġ
֪Щʲôˣ塣
֮ǰʬ壬ҹ˵ûκβ𣬶һӣֻİƷɫͬˡ
Ȼܿ尲ȥ˵ġĹء﷢ˣҲ˵֪ԼϾͿԵˡ
Ǹ⼸ǰ۵ʮӣ߳Ĺأﵽ档
һɽȣĹصھһô滹м壬ȵǣȻʮࡣ
ֻЩ಻ǣŵ壬ƺദǢֻǿó֮仹ռ͡
ҹѾռǵõ˸壬һʼû뵽ģ˭뵽Ȼⲿ룬Ϊ˶Ǹ·ֵ壬˺ܶ¸ҵˣֻǲװʤıض壡һﵽ׼ҹŮԴ˿̸˵
ʹõԺҹһգԿö˿̸壬뿪Ҳͣ£һ׼ԷҪ˵ʲô


һʮ 彻
ҹǰץǸ壬ǿƵѾǣȵ֮գǻ齵ٵĿԾͻһЩҹ˳ɹʱ򣬾˵ĩգԾԲ·һҲǷߺ޵˵
˵Ҳ֣һҹץ岢Ǳ֯ץģ˵ԼܵҹɭֵģҹҲɼһˣһʮλ壬ҹ˾͵õλֻλȷǷǳΣաһ£ʲôˣ˵һŮԣҾȻһﵽļ壬û˵꣬ͳĵط
ҹ˻ˣ֪Ҳ̫ǿһЩԼֻ徹Ȼʮ˵ʱ΢ЩԪһ㲨ͱԷ
ֱָ֪Щ̬ˡ
˵ʱʱ죬˷Ӧ˲䣬ʮѹ׼Ĳ֮Ǹļ˺սʿͬԱһ㣬Խʮ׵ľ룬ǰ
ֻ˿ŰӰѼһսʿȡһſƬһһŹֵⵯҫ֮£ӵаӰΡ
С󣬾ȻҶ㵽һ͵Ǹսʿ۾һɣȴ̳һλε䵶
ʱǸļսʿȴͻȻ̷磬
嵱УҲʵԽߣλԽߣǸսʿһ̳鵶˻¶һɻȻ벻ΪʲôԼĶӳԼ
Ӱ㣬ΪʲôҶ֣
ǸļսʿûлشԼĲ£ǶƺʲôǲǴҹӳǸࣿ
ոձֺ˵ԷֻսʿôԼûκοɾµģǶԷһļôҪӵľԼˡ
ӰŮʻһ㶡
ô֪ԼǴҹӳģ
ûлش𣬲ǸӰļȴ΢΢һЦǳ۲ҲǿѾķӦϵõҪĴ𰸡
̷磬ǴȻȥҪ̸̸ӰķԸλͣǸ̷սʿ˵ͷ̴뿪
֪˺«ʲôҩȴǰн䱸Էһʲô춯ԼӦ
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˵ʵûиܵԷκƭ˼ҶԷ˵Ĳڵ˵ԼҪһ˾ȳϼԼΪ㡣
ȻˣΪʲô
뵽ЦЦʼţϲϵڱ£ЩȻ˵ĺǵĿģ˵þԼԼôõģ
ԷԼԼΪʲôЩ塣
־ǷǽŽɵı顣
ãҺǺұҪȸһЩ飡˵
ƺ֪϶ͷͬ⣬Ӱ΢΢һЦû⣬ﲻ˵ĵطһ³ǣһὫ֪鶼㣡
˵꣬ȻǵһŰ±ǵĿᣬſƬ

ſƬ˲伤ͷӵаëƤԱֻͷԱרŵİף˳ġ
֪һʨҲо߽һЩóܵѱ»ûУ󲿷ɿҾһҲûлȴû뵽쾹Ȼֻᡣ
ӰԾѾ޴޳ԱҲϣȥ֮һԱ̱ͬһ˳ȥٶȼֱò˼飬ֵƽأֻ߿ХӰӰһƬ̣͵һ޽ɽȵеһ
Ȼ˵ľۼء
ҹְյĺɫɫͬҪ࣬ͷǾڹ֣ɢ͹â³Ⱦá
в࣬ǳ࣬ȻأԱҹҪ̫ࡣ
³ǵĳǽһζξ޴ľպʯģо޴󳵣Է׵ľǿĳȺΣ֪Ȼǳֲ
һȫɸľĴĴǰӰȻ˽ȥ
ʲôҪʵģ˵ȻǺǾҪ̹ϣĻ˵пϲڣӰЦ˵
һͿЩͷˣǽϣ˸ֱڻɨһ̷ֱۣڻڽһʷ¼ҿ϶йء
Ӱ˵ҹΪʲôҪץҵѣУʲô壿
ȻԷԼʣԼ֪¡
ӰָָǽϵıڻӦҲˣҹλԶһʵٶǰǻһ壬ͬͳһƬҹɭ֣ദǢֻΪһЩѣǶŷһǾ֮Ů񡣶ΪЩϵ֮ŮÿͻʮеΪָ֮ǵ͸ǿֻһ֮Ů֮Ǳҹѣͬˮһ˭ո壬ôõŮٵĻ͸࣬ҲΪԭҹŻ᲻ϧһд壡
Ӱ˵Ҳǰţһʼ֪£˿ȴõ˽лԪĵȼһЩܡ


һʮ ʹ
ӰĶ˵δŵϢҲӰĿģҪʵʱṩֿصΪǴͨҹǵͨǿԾ塣
˫Ӯ£Ȼܾ£ҲǾȳϼΪݵķҸӰ˵ģΪ壬ϼڵİȫԲκ⣬ٵº֮ŮٵӶΣա
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Ѿ֪ƶȣԱʮȥĳϣҲӵʵȨҪǣҪΪһ˵ԱǴﵽļԪȼ
ʱզ࣬Ҳ˵ʮﵽԪļĴڣʵҲ̫ڿֲˡ
ӰʵҹһҲƣͬʮﵽļԱ֮ǰ׷ɱģҹһ߲㣬ҹա
һ֪Լ֮ǰжô죬ʱԸԼĲһļҹսʿôԼͨıҲߡļ²ѵͬʱҲ֪ԼڵʵҹȻ˵ʵǲʲôϾ˴ﵽԪļĴڣдԪڶһսʿʤ
ȻԼԪļı׼ôԱ֮Ϊ֪ҹ廹壬ûдﵽԪ弶ĴڣļѾǶˡʱҲ֪ҪļԲһ׵¡
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ȻӰûȫ˵ҲΪлԷЩǾԲ֪ġ
Ӱ뿪רŰŮ̷
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Ϫϣһ¶ϣԶϣͷǸʹΪͳɳƣȻ䶯
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ϪϻͷһӰȴǵͷûȷôһ࣬£³͡
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ʹЦһģϴŵıҴһū͵İӰⶫֻҺǲУūڵԪ类ɱɱҵˣ˵ûеǺǣ
ڳ仰Ȼͻ֪ʹǡ֯Ļ֣Ӱ񣬱Ǵ֯һӰľ϶ȡġ
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Щ֪壬ͷĺʹЦ˵ˣҪϻˣǸ˽ɡ
Ϫ֪ʱ򲻽˶ˣֻöӰӰģʹλʹ˹ȥɡ
ӰʱȻǳԸ⣬ҷ
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ٲԸ⣬ҲҪ˹ȥѡʱӰ˵һԲ֪Բ̫ãֻҪ֮Ůܽٵƿص嵱УôʱǺͺӡ
ˣǸƻޱȣΪ˱ߣҲҪսʿΧһʹЦ˵ǺһƬˣڵݸȥ


һʮһ һ
˿֪һ޴Σڽ٣ݵһЩ˼ͬʱǹŹֵصеõʮ֧
ЩŹֵȡԪǿȻŹŮԼһ֧
³ǣ˵Ǻ׻ȡŮҲǼæȥ죬һ͸һ֧
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ȻҲⶫΪ˷ʳԪʸġ
Ů˿̰վһԣŪ˵ŮʵϻŮʹǶǺͳһԭһƬסľֻѷ﷢˾ҵ𶯣˵ʱˣû˹ͷѾһƬ޴ޱȵ֡
֮Ǻܶ˱巢֣ȻЩļУһֱڡ˵˶ǲ̣Ͼ壬ɴھ޴Ľ׼ҲãûһӣŮſ˺ܶࡣ
ֻǼ򵥺˵˵ŮǵȻҲ㰲ȫǻصͬߣֻǻãȴ뿪
ˣ磬˵кǰƵĳУˣһŮһ㽵ʵ
˵ͷ˵ȻʨǣûҪ١
뿪ԼĳУ磬ܴǳȥ𣿡һŮ뵽ʲôһڴ
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֪ԼȫǿԼ㹻ʵͿԴӵص׽ҹǵǿ϶Լ˿
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û뵽ԼǰոӳҹǣҪͬһȻһλҪΣա
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ӡѾǲ˼㡣
ʱ򿴵ȺеӰ˿һΣ̧ͷԼֻЦһα
֮ڵľ棬ǲ˵֪ûκλأԼƻ֯üμƻԷ϶ҲǺԼǣֻ֮ǰȫû뵽ҹɭֵУȻҲ֯˴ڡ
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˼תô붼֣һκξٶͻ⵽ԷҪɭ߶ܡ
ԷȻҲ֪һ㣬ԾȻǲżԼء
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Ǻ̤һһԪȻϮȻԷͬΪԪļĴУҲǷǳĽɫȻܾһ˿ָĲ
˿Цһο˸ںȻԷһ壬ʨ֮أԬ˵ڴ֯ıǵеĳڿ˵Щˡ
ҶԷȻ˵ͿԻ֪Լ䣬϶ǱɡҲ˵Լȥǲȥ䣬·һȻˣΪҪϥ
ңԼҲδ·һ
֮ƾҪǰҪǿ󣬵ʱԼԿֲǻڣ
ǸʱԼǶͷŹֵĳȣܸоһʮǿԪҲȷ϶ǵǸİŮµǸǺۡ
ȻǺۿԾԼһΣΪʲôܾԼڶΣ
ҼǺ۲ٳ֣ҲܶЩϥģȻˣǻȥˣȴǿЦһЦΧÿһ˵Ķ䵱Уһ̣ȻĴΰɣʲôһֻαޱȵϹѣЩɱɱˣ˵ǣֻϹҲҪˣҪ䣬ףϹ㹻Լȡ


һʮ ߡͨ
ǴͷĺʹȻǵλߣ˸ô˵ǲȻŭȴȻԾγĴ󽣣ʩչһкâݺɱ
δѾǿԪѹöãʱûٻκū֪ͣٻҲûãԴﵽԪļǿߣͷǺ۲־ԼôԼɡ
վǶĶˣǴҪնϵʱһϤȸٴγڶͷλһöɫǺۣȻֶ
˶ΪǸڳԵɣϾֵģǺһʵ׵ĺʹ
ﵽԪļĸ֣Ҳ˵ܵһ
ӰһΣǸһģԷôôԼѴֻ̣Ժǵǿѹ岻ΪһͨʹȻԱһ˵ʵ̫С
һĵֿǣǶԷҲƣϧûֵ·ϣϪרҪŶܡ
࣬Բ𣬾Ȳ㣡ʹĽѾǸ೹֣ʶ۾
ʱ˶ǸĶͷϣȻðһ⡣
ǽ⼫Ϊҫۣһɺ嫵ԪһӾͽǸʹĽһ֮£Ǻʹ廹࣬оһҪ¹ĳ嶯
ʲôҪɱǸʹʧɫڼʵ˫ԪļһȼУҲٮٮߣҹɭп˵е֡
û뵽һɽɫԪ֮£ȻǸоһɿ־壬ǽɫԪҪɱûκֵ
ԵԪԪʹһҲعֱֽ̳࣬˵ʮ⡣
һҲͬѣǿǵĺʹԵʱûк˹һΣȻˣ˵˵ĸɴࡣ
һʱ䣬ΪǿֲĽɫԪûһ˵ǰ˵ǴԭضѣһȻȥ
˿ҲЩ񣬵ΪģΪһζͷǺֻɢǿĽɫԪ˶֣ȴûһʱ򣬽ɱ
֮ǰŭǸʹ䶯֣ǴɫǺɱԷֻһֻǱˣûһεĽɫƣоõһɽɫԪϢһҪСˡ
һ㶣֪ôˡ
ǸŮԼͷµǺۣ϶Ϊ˱ԼǺۿ϶ҲʹƣһֱԼṩźһǺ۾һֱɱļļ֣ôԼ޵ˣ
Ҳ˵ǺǿĹһʱѾʹˣֻһЩԪЧֲĽɫԪڲϵɢò˶þͻ᳹ʧ
֪Ҫ뿪ˣȵֽɫԪʧԼǱɡ
廹˶ԼܿģȻǳһ㣬ܽɫǺ۱˶ԷѾǲˣҪֻعҲԺ¡
뵽ŽɫǺڣٻɭ棬߽ӵֱӾ͵ڿһ˿ڳһۣŴһˣ
˵ֱ꣬Ծ¶ѨͬʱĲսͻڣԪػЧ֮£ֱӱݵʯ
һֻǷգ֮䣬Ѿ֮ززӦͺʹæϹȻѾ׷ˡ
˶ͷϵӡǾԲͬ죬һ£ոǽɫԪɫԪѵǡһʹ˵ͻȻ·ʲôȻеǻƽѪ塭
û˵꣬һʹǼæͬһ£̷ӦȴסڲԡֻһƽѪ壬ȴҲϪϺͼ峤ɫһ䣬ֻǶװûӡ
ϪϣǸ³ˣǵøȥ׷һҪץסһҪ׽Ȼ˽Ǻǣһʹ˵
ǣսʿȥ׷ˣϪϼæ˵ɫ֮ȴһâֻ˭֪Щʲô
Ӱ³ǰȥ׷࡭Ϫϻû˵꣬ӰȴǵϪϣͻȻ岻ʣɱ˴Ӱɣ
˵꣬Ӱֱ뿪Ϫһζͽ˳ӺʹҲ൱Ĳ⣬һΣ˶ΧǸ࣬Ӱһַǳʧֻһˣ޷Ťת棬ģҲֻһڲȥʩϪϵ
ֻǼӰȥҲȥһκʹȻǵͨκˣֻҪץṩոǸϢô̾ͻ޴Ľ͡
ץǸ࣬̽һƬһӵϡпᣬԪ͸߼￨ֻṩǸҲάԪһϡпᣬ˽˵Ѿ൱ˣҺһҲҹɭַġ
ΪҹɭֵеĶֻҹ嶼ǣҪ£Ҳû˸档֮ҹȫõһϢɳ˴ūͷҹɭֵ֣вѰŹֵǣû˷ֹǸټ
Ȼֲ˿̣˵ǸֲӵСҹɭֵУǡҹףйڣȻȥ˵ȫģصӡ
ڣҲ֪صӵĵϸˣȴһ͵͵ɭԼ棬ץҹսʿʵ֪ġ
ӣ˵ҹɭ֮ǰʹˣҹ壬ǽأǸǰʺĿǰܵġ
֮ǰҲӰ֪֮Ůٵº󣬶һ㣬óӰûƭԼҲ˵ڣΪ֮һϼ϶ûΣա
ֻʱӰû˵֮Ůٺ٣ĺץҹˣҲûеõҪĴ𰸡
µĻڡ
ȻǺ˵ԼǷԼ͵£Ҳ֪ˡ
ǣʹеĺʹӵԪļʵǿޱȣŸūūͣѾȷǣǡ֯Ļٿߡ
ںǺͺʹ廹ҹ嶼ǼΪɵһԷӵǿʵһ棬Щʹֶζǵľ֣֮˵֣ɱ˺ʹƿص࣬ǵԷ
ֵֻǣǺʹԼҲʵ̫ˣĪΪ䣿
ɣϾһ൱ĶҲأܾãƺûô򵥡


һʮ ͹ֳ
һܻߣȫ˶ͷĽɫǺۣջǣӵ֮󣬶ͷǺ۾ͳʧˡ
ǲԼͷʧˣϾǺԼΣû군ˡ
ΪǺʧ׾Щʹټ֮֯ǰĳԹѾǽЩʹ˴С
ķʹҲڼǰͱ͵͵˵£ֻΪֿʳԪӦɽȴһ
ӵѪ壬˿ԺܺõĸԪţܵﻷӰ죬ֻЩѡڰķȫȴ԰ķǧʯһµʶ
ȻֻҪȵķɳ϶һǳĴڣ뵽ֿðķǿɫʯлᣬһҪ뷨ӸһЩðķøǿ
ǴӵʵȴǸ޵˵ҲһЩֶΡ
ʱķɿ죬ת֮䣬ӵо͹ȥ졣
û⣬ͨԻʧȥʱĸһļʱ䡣
Ǿ޵ûҪļ󣬿ҪһʱܷҲֻܵţֻҪ޵ڷͻлᡣ
ķΪЩʳԪĴܣ죬˼ŽļƻȴǸоŵ״һ𶯡
һ̣ǸĴٴӿ˴飬ֻһǲҪ
һ㶣Ҳжˣɴûм㾰
ʱ򣬼û׼ӣͼǴͻȻһӰ³ʮͬһͷֻС
һĻƤһǴӵɫϾĶǸӡ
ոУոǸӰȻһ棬ԼûмƷ֣ۼͻҪȳɭ滹Ҫ޴󣬶Ȼһɡ
ӵ棬ȻôһֹŹֵľ޳棬Ȼ൱ԾϾ֮ǰһ㶼ûз֡
Ǿ޳̳һЩûаݣڶŶڵԴŤԴĶԳĳëĴ벻ϵҰڶһ̣ƺȴ̳ڿ
ʱѾ޳ģ泤ż׿ǣޱȣһŶֻϸĳ֫ʮͷһĴ֣˵ΪĵĿֲġ
ΧѾӵһʣֻʣū͡
˵⣬Ѿ޴ȥȻǲߣҿ޴ֳӣҲԲԼ뿪
ֳȻ޴󣬵ӶԷԪȼϿԸӦֻҪͲ塣
һֻ̧ù־ͱٻ˳һߡ
ֻ֪һһ
Ǿ޴ֳһֻ̧֣ù̿ٵΪǰҹԵʣЩùֵ׼ͷѣʸҲܴȻֻǶһҲǺѷɫ
ӵԶֶ̹Σռһƣܿ죬Ǿ͹ֳһЩҪλͲ˷ļʸ
ԳۣҲʸϹһ룬һЩĲλҲùص㹥Ĳλ
ͬʱʹԼķѾͬʱȥ
ķҪ˷ԸѾǰӳˡʯһõǲսʹﵽԪı׼аķֻùָҪɱһֳֻûκ⡣
ֻǸһ֣֪ǰֳûô򵥡
еĲսֳϣȻһ˺ȴǼΪޣǼԪػЧҲȻ
Ը־޴͵ĹĹȻЧѣһߣҲûʲôȻ˺͹ֳǣȫȳά֯ͬʮּͣ˺Ҫ
͹ֳɢһϢ֮ҷĳ֫ߵĴͷȴкüβһʹ﷭
˿һŵǾ޳һ֫ϣȻȻԾĲս£ݺݵھ޳ϡ
һ¹ݣսһԪâϸеķԪػЧһ¾ȻǽǾ͹ֳͷļ׿ҿһĿӣΧļ׿ѣ˺ɫҺ塣
͹ֳ淢һҽУǱŭʮͬһ
һֱ֣ʩչ׷磬һ¶㿪Ȼž͹ֳһ֫һ˹ȥ
һһ˻ĳֱ֫ӱϣǾ޳һȣ޷ƽ⣬ֱˤڵء
ʤ׷ȴоԱһӰǲһ㣬һֱǷиХ
գһ޳ĴͷʵǺԲͻУֻոնһ£ȴȫû뵽ǹֳһͷ£ƵԼȻȻһӳϡ
ֱӷɳȥʮԶϵƤ׾ȻǱѣлױоԼͷ˼ƤڶȻҲ˵òᡣ
Ǿ͹ֳֹ˹Ҳ룬ֱ˦ȥŷ
лìشͻ
žžžŷ˹ֳĹһìֱӴ̴˹ֳ°ͣһߣҲǿֳһ֫
ìȡŹìЩеĴƽʱ᲻ãȴһȫ˳ȥ
£ìش͹ֳ棬ƺҲǱŭˣŭĶһ̣޳ϾȻʼԿϵļ׿һҪʲôͬСɵĶһ룬͹ֳͻȻſһ磬һƬͬһĺɫҺ·ӵһ
һãһĹǱ޿ɱܣʩչ׷ҲУһ̫󣬶ǺɫҺ罦ٶ̫죬뵽ͱǺɫҺУһǿĳϮֻоԼƤⶼҺ䴩
Һ壬ﵽһٶȣҲӵ
ڱɫҺ̸֮оһ󼫶ȵΣգûֲֿĸоٲκαֱӴУȡ˽ееһš
Ǵ̷̼һǾ͹ֳ棬Ȼ̳߰˸ʮ׵ļǴֱ̣ӽ͹ֳ˸͸ֳ˿̱ʮǴ̴̴壬ҲǰƬ̣û˶
ˣ
ʮõúˣ˵ٷ֮ɱļ͵ϮҲܽ˺
֮ǰûʹãһΣȴǺԥˣΪѾ֪ոɫҺ庬о綾


һʮ жԶ
ڱɫҺеʱ͸оЩʹˣľ͹Źֵʹ֪ⶾҺͬСɣԲźԥʹΪ
Ҫ֪Ԫļ׷ɱʱûʹ
͹ֳһ΢˿ֻǴ˿˶ҺĲλѾ˿оʹˣǸоʹûκθо
֪鷳ˣ£ǿܣһ㶾ضԶߣܵӰ죬͹ֳĺɫҺȴǼΪԵ̶̼ӣѾЩˡ
жĲλѾ׺࣬ɣԼߣֻǶߵĻôж˲䣬ܾܿѾˡ
ֻϽⶾ֪ԼҲֲ˶á
ҩԼҪϷýҩֻôʱ䣬ôҵõ
ûнҩ֪ԼɣͬףԼԲԼ̫Ҫȥ£ôܸģ
ԣԲ
һ˲䣬˼ԲߣͻȻһ˸˵綾֮ΧȻһֿԿǾ綾֮ĽҩֻǴǴԣǲ̫ŵġ
ڣرϣ⴫ģ͸´̻һֻ𣬿ٷ˾͹ֳǸӵУֻƬ̣ʹһЩ˳
ܴĶȫҳһݣһЩֱ۴С䶯ĳӣҲйŹֵĹͷһЩֿʳԪ
֮⣬
ȣǿʳԪ͹ͷѾųˣǿֶصĽҩ
һ棬оһ£ҲΪһЩڵϵĺɫҺϣҲȻǽҩ
ϢǵؿгֶûĶˡ
ʱһһĹȥжĵطȾѾãԽԽʶЩģʵϣжڣҲӵʱ䡣
ҲԿֶصĶ֪ԼԻӡ
ʱע⵽ոǾ͹ֳҹɫҺʮֶ࣬ԼϣĶҺɢ䵽ܡһЩ䵽ϵģЩǸʴڣɷɻң䵽ʯƤϣҲͬˣֻͻȻ֣ЩҺвٶ䵽ϵģЩֲﾹȻ˿Ӱ졣
֪ԼץĹؼ
һֲЩɫҺӰ죬񲻾˵ԿֺɫҺ
ͬˮ֮ͻȻץһһ㣬£Ѿȫ鲼ãֻôͰķժһ˵Ҳпָˣͱ˵Ƭˡ
ʵϣж֮󣬰ķѾЩ֪ˣӵв׵ǻۣȻ֪ڵΣȴû˿취ڴȴûʲôǣǹŹֵǣӴǻҰͫУȻҲһ˿Ǻͽš
ֻɫûκע⵽ڶԹ˲ϾôܹעЩ
ڴͰķժһǽ˺ƬԼι£Ѿûأ˵Ψһһᣬãôɡ
ܿ죬ڰķʹ£ȥ
һֵ֮ȴǼΪ֪ȻжҶǲǾ͹ֳĺɫҺ
ֻڹϣҲ˲ˣȥ̸оʹʹӶӵ֫˵ûһطֻۡܵʹ֮ϲʹУ˵֮ǰɫҺĶѾʼɢȻЧʱͻȻ뵽˾統еһʣǾǡԶ
ڵˣо綾־綾ȴǻǾ͹ֳɫҺġҩ
ȻɫҺĶɢ˵ھͰȻ
ֶأȻ໥кͣûȫô֪ԼǱסˡ
ܸоʹһ£˵Լš
ڵһ죬ʹ£ϳһһĺںˮ裬ֿ̧˿ԼëжѪҺֻҲ裬ôһǵһ궼ѿˣһء
ͰķһԿţķȥܶȻǼĲˣֻ˿ɫĴ۾ʮֺĶƺڿʲô
Ҳû⣬ֶֿȻ඾δȡһˮǺһЩȻһаݵʯͷˮȫС
ҪúϴϴЩѪʵ̫ܣ·ʱƤѾױϣǱǺɫҺʴģȻǻԼֵ˲ٶأ˵ͱˣȴǳ̾һ²ƵĻף׼ϴ塣
ʱˮеӰһ½סˡ
ӰеˣѪģҲ̶ãȫѾݣʶȴˮеӰҲͬĶ
ûи֪ʲôԼ־綾ȻԶҲܵ˷ǳصƻѾò٣ȥֱ͹һ㡣
֮⣬һӾֵ顣
ʵȻǼһߵĳ̶ȣ⵹˻ܵƻܶԪѹƣͬǱӡһ㡣
֪£ҲûٹԼģ˵ºҪȥӪϼȴڹʵһʱ䣬һƬհס
¡һ£˿ĭǿԼ侲
ȻѾˣ˵ʲôҲûãҹ齵ٻвµʱ䣬ʱ䣬ֻҪʱֶأпָܻʵ
ϸϸһ飬ûҵƽҩĶ֪ԼܼˣڵֶزΪʱʧ뵽Ѱҽڶصİ취
ȻҲδҵҩ٣лᡣ
˵߾ߣ֪ЩʹͺͨԼڣžӿԼڵģԼϲͲ˵ˡ˳࣬ԪĸоҲǺǰȻͬǵټǺʹӰˣҲԲϳԼ
Ȼˣǻʲô
ߵʱֿ˿ڷеľ޵⼸ʱ޵ڵԪҲƵȻҪ˶ã޵ͻڣ޵Ҳһƣֻϣܷһǿūͣͻϣ
֪棬Ҫһһ̫ҡɴտ޵ǴŰķһӡ
һ³ߣѾȥ߰죬һηص棬ֻû


һʮ 
뿪ӵʱרɭԶ³ǺҹǵķΪ˱ҹˡ
ʵ˵ԷһϵԼǱϾзգܱͱ⡣
ò˵ڹڵǳ޴һ룬ֱٹ˾޴ҪԶŶԷҲһ¡
˿̣һƬֵУķڿУ顣
Ѿ֪˾޴ҹɭֻ֣塢ҹͺֻѣԺΪǿ
ֻҹ壬ӺǵҹɭֵУǱ̫ͬϻʰĴڡ
СڣһγҪЩС֣ܲҵ־綾ķ
ҹɭޱ޼ʣеĸߴʮףеģǸߴϣûе·ֻ˫֪̽
ϵļִ٣ͻȻоƺȵʲôȴǵͷĿҶ澹ȻһѾ
ĲѾ鲻ƬЩģˣⶫһ㶣ⶫķ浱Уʵڲʲôҹɭ֣ȴЩˡ
ƬҸһڣֻӣѾʱ䣬ƬϵҸԶѾһ˲䡣
·ŻȥԪָ˽ԵĳǰһУѾһȥ
ǰƬ̣ͷİķȴǷһ֪ķʲô
ʱѾһ󼤶춯֮ſǰּһ˾Ȼںһͷ
ͷ߰׳ϸҲֻһʵһﵱǲ׵Ĵڡ
߼һȥʮҲһһߣֻȴûūֻͣһѳì߼ȻԶͷΪûпƬֻԼֻٶȣͷѾкü˿ڣеĵطѪⷭ¶˹ͷ·ѪȾˡ
˵Ƭ̣˾ͻᱻͷɵΪһߵʳ
ѾǴˣһҪѰһЩСһɭǲܻģ˶Ȼһסء
뵽ȡսͬʱѷɵ˦־Ͷ˳ȥ
ѷɵٶȼ죬ͬ۾һ㣬Я磬ֱӽͷֻ۾Ϲû۾ټϳʹͷͬһûͷӬһŤײڴϣܲһƬƤ
Ȼʵ䵽һߵĳ̶ȣֻʱģսַԶͨ˿ɱȣϹͷ˫۵ͬʱѾȻ貿սһͷߵԴϡ
˵ʵΪֶŰǲսȴĶһػֱͷԴѣƬѪĽ
Ҳʵ֮ǰԸһһҪ˷¡
ɱͷſǸֳֳìˣֻˣ֮ǰƴһţ¿ͷˣֱԵڵأǰһ֪ûˡ
˴ϣֱϣ϶˿ڣȴؿڣ̴̴عǣβڳѪڵ˵ûκΰ취ȣ˻ܺͷôãѾǿ֮ĩ
֮˱ɢ˵ʲôͻȻһһѪ
Ȼˡʶ߽ҡҡͷʲôδ˵Ը
۾һһǻعⷵգȴǴӻȡһ϶ҡҽףҡã粻չˡ
û˵꣬˱һѪĭӿ۾ϴȻﻹ̫ǣңĿ
̾˿Ǹӣ˻ܼôãһġٿ׵һһ澹ȻȫǸֲҩ
ڲҩʵǲô˽⣬ҩ֪ʶҲǼӽ㣬ʲôһŲ֪
룬ٻһޱޱڿһӣˡ
Ŀ滹һЩҩһߣԼϣԷʹõĳì뵽Լʹòսºʹ֪ԺǱ룬òҪʹãôһ֧ìҲ
ìֹģһּΪӲľˣǰÿ۰ۺһȦһȦ˿һìͷʮּ˳֡
ףɢޱǰ·֪϶һС׿еãҲԽǲҩԷɶԷԸ
ųìǰûһڵϢˡ
ͶҲʮӣһһӣһһͷʬ壬ֳҲдսĺۼȻͷܾɱġ
磬ϹûùϹ۾Ҫɱһﻹ治ףǸһɣһ߳Ǹʮĺ˵ɫеĹԱ
ʮĺ߷һŹһͰȴЦЦ֣һҲѧŵ㣬£̱˿ǲУʲôʱһ춼ûˣʲôʱҲԱ֮ˡ
磬ŴģҿǼˡˣǼһ˵ҪȥһЩҩôڻûһݵʱ˵һĸݣͷƤûһٽҲ֪˻Ƕġ
ǰûлĪʲô鷳ˣҲʮ죬ȴǰǲæ֣ݺߣȥңһֵʵ̫Σˣ˵꣬ץһԵĹվ
ĿЩԻһֲ£Щ˻֪Ѿˣǻ˳
֣ǿ練Ӧ죬߿ֺݺҲŤͷ󣬶¶һݡ
Ҳѹ֣˿ò٣ģֲޱȣҲ㵨Ӵˣûег
˵ľٶȴЩˡ
ȣǸֵģһȴɫ䣬æ˹ף㡭ôˣ磬ôˡ
һ㶣ʲôôϴˣ
ֱ𶯣ǿҲǱ˹ϸ˿æãжˣҲȾϣף⾿ô£
û˵˿ֺͿ磬ȻϷǸݺҲǼĿ޳ӣ⼸˵ıǼ٣ܿġ


һʮ ͼھƵ
ͷӦոǸκ͸ͷȷԼ޼٣˵а˾ŷԼòˣڣټԼ׵ĳìſ·ǲɫҲֲûᱻϴ
Ҫǣո˵ˣҲʮ죬Ȼ֮仹ô̫Ϥпϴ
ҪһΧʶһᣬҪѰҿԽԼڶصķôһݣõڻʹǾҲ벻Լһ˵ݳ֡
ͷֻһѾ⡣
û˵ֻʹı飬ָָԼĺȻ̵磬϶жɤӻݣʲôҩȻôԵ
ҲˣϻˣȰ״ءͼھƵꡯ˵ɭﶾ̫࣬˭Ҳ֪еʲôȻ⼸ˣİ壬㱻˲ţȥ
·ϣ룬ͼھƵǸʲôطĪҲһʣֻط֪֮ﻹһƵꡣ
ӳģһʮ㣬˿ȴɫֲǵĴ¥ԶһֽĽһЩط¶ԭǽԼһдšͼھƵꡯĹƣ˭֪ԭʼУôһִ
ʵϲ¥ΧҲһЩСӣֻڱֲٸǺ󣬸ԭģ
ǺʣǰȻһСֻǱҹɭָ̡ˣͼھƵһʮĴ¥˵Ҳ类ɫֲ֮¡
û뵽Ҳ˵ЩʵһƬ޴ɭֳ֮ǰʹڵˣֻ޴ľڹֳֺǱӴɭָסˡ
ͼھƵſڣվֳֳì׳ǹҲæӭ
Ͽô£⡭ⲻСôӣһ׳ţĺӴ˿̼æʵ
ˣȾҪӦжˣЩⶾĲҩ⣬Ѧƣ˿Ҳ˲˵ȻһʮŽᣬһ˳£˶æ
һֱӽ𣬼ͼھƵ꣬Ȼһ¥һｫ¡
ʱſͼھƵѾһ̶ľۼأиƷҲˣŮٶУֻʱ򶼺һ㣬ȻһԸۼأҹǺ³ǵҪ˺ܶ࣬ӵɡ
ȻҪװףһװףͼھƵǽϣһͨԼġ
벻ǵӰ췶Χô㣬һᱩ¶Լݡ
׺ݱ˸ǿʲô𣬶ҲһߣԼһһֻҪرϤ׵ˣôԼͲᱻϳ
ȻһǰᣬײͬºܺýǾԼ˵Ϳˡ
ܿ죬һԼĪʮһͷ˽鿴һȥӦһҽ
ȷжˣⶾطͬСɣܻʵͷƬ̣ôһۡ
һֺͿ缱æʵѦǻ⣬ƺ˵ˣô£
Ѧֿ˿ҡҡͷ˵׼־綾Ҳˣ־綾ڿƣȻˣ˵Ƕؽƻˣܱ֮סͲˣſһЩҩûЧ⣬»ǵøڱϾ磬Ҳһҩʦ˵ֶαҪˣ
Ѧ˵꣬׼һЩҩƷ
֪ҲûãһĶ˳ȥһʱ䣬ֻʣǸæµѦ
ûжֻ˼ȴ
û뵽ѦȻϳԼ־綾һ֪Ǿ綾֮໥ƣ֮ǰûԤϵģȻѦ汾µġ
Ҳȼһ˿ϣԼðףöԷԼΣȥأòˡ
⣬Ҳ֪ˣ׵ýڱһһʲôҩʦ
û˵ҩʦְҵѦʮӣ϶Ҳбµˣ˵Լоȡ
Ψһ鷳ǣΪ׵ãڱٷ֮ٿϳԼһðƻʱô죿
룬Լû˵Լף˵ʱʵʵ˵ԷĿԽԼڵٶȣǸһЩҲԣֱӶвȶԷ
ʱҲ˼ˣҪظʵѱϼҲȲ
˼һ󣬾ͿѦȡһҩǰƵҺ壬ɢһŨҵҩζǸźԶŵ
װⶾǳֻһЩ·ֵĲҩһⶾҩȺˣûЧѦЦ˵һǷǳʵҺˡ
ӹ룬˿Ȼһ
ҩֻ֭ܿ࣬ڹ֮ȴǴһ𣬻˵һҩ¶ǣʱоЩʹֻ࣬ҪأȻԶ
ôѦһУȻƵҩʮڴ
ЦЦ˵ͷʾԼоܺãû˵
ЧͺãԺҩһٶҪʱãǰһҽΪоһӵĲҩȴû뵽ѷϻô౻Ԫֲ²ҩܽЩͲҩо͸˵һҩȥĲͺˣҲǴѧʼоϣܶЩӣҶѧһҲðѦĻҲ֪ں˵߶
ѦҩȻûͼӰЧܸоҩ֭ЧȻֻһЧеġȻãһٰʱҩ˵Խֶȥ
Ψһ鷳ǣ׵ûԼܻܿᴩ
ǺܿûˣΪʱǸ˹׵ڱڲ֮ǰոս롮ȡѵٵ֮ܳ
ûǸʲôطΪһָ¶ڣֻϢ˵һϢͲڱͿѦƵĲҩⶾ
һԺ׹ϵֹ䣬뿪
֮ҲѦƣ߶ԷԼҪΧѦȻжжްҲûš
ͼڴƵת
һ֪Ա뷨Ϥָʲôطͻ¶ڣǲЩ˶¶ڣܱܿ¶Լ٣Щʹ


һʮ ѡ
ͼڴƵڣٲȻѾһС;ۼأǻֺ÷䣬ֱסʹþƵһЩƷʳɱɭеҰȡ˿ڣҲңǷǳСһۼء
ֵֻǣȻҲоߣȫһߣǼûпƬУҲǺٵļ֣ûʲô˲õսһط塢ҹǺǴڵģ
˶֪Ψ֪Ҳûȥʡ
תƵһȦʵʵص֮ǰŵķ䣬ʹѦĲҩûЧ
ʱķɿ죬ת͹ȥʱ䣬ĺģҲͼڴ󷹵˲˽⡣
ˣȷǲܺǡԼҹƣԭǺ⸽ġȡйأ˵ȵһصǳһҹǰץ࣬ȳļˡ
෴࣬Щصﵹûʲô⣬ڶΧö֮ΧͳһѵıѵأҴãͼۼأڶΧģҪͼڴƵꡣ
ȻСȡΪӻǺǶٻӰ쵽ͬͼڴ󷹵ǽϵǺǵ˹ϵģȵЩﴦԭǣֻҪҵģǶ档
һǰһѯʣûİ⸽û
һ֪ԷںǵȻĲʵֲĺʹǴźµ࣬дﵽ߱׼ĸ֣ԶЩʹ߹
ݣԴҡڵĻᱻϳЩ˿һȦ˶һԱȻûջҲ뿪ˣϾڡȡΧӲǳЩһǺҲóеֺ
Ȼڣ֪ȡʲôȻԼεѾռЩһﲻٵĺô
Ҳ֪Լð׵ãΪ׿ԽȡЩ￴УÿһʱҪȥѧϰÿһ죬߰죬ѧʲô
ǾǺҩʦйأȻҩʦǾҪŪҩֲһ֮ǰиԼǸҩá
ʱʮҩȻһЩЧЧʵ̫٣ʱǷ֣ԼʵȻ䵽һߵĳ̶ȣԪУȻǸǿҵĶأֶֻԪҪֱԷܲá
죬ͼڴƵԺǰһһɫЩˣˡ
ԣһư͡ҲʲôֻճѦֻǣѦȻҲһ֮ɫ¶ɻһ˼ףӶﴫϢˣҪѡһ붫ȣһǧѷĺûᣬⱲӱĲˣȴΩҩжӣҴȥԣԽҩһ㰾
ԭˡ
֪ΪʲôͼڴƵһ˷ˣԭΪ¡
ʱҲ˽⵽еĵλ൱ĳߣϾΪ˶ȣǲŵõӻҪĻᱻǺҹץȥūҾ˵ԲҩѾǳ뻯²⣬ԼϵĶֻҪԸ⣬ӦҲܺױ
Ѧ򼱴Ҵҵܳȥ룬Ҳ˳ȥ
ѦʮˣҿȥԣԼΪʲôȥ¹ؽڶص£ãͬѦ˵ıѡУǽⶾĻ͸ˡ
һߵʵҪѦ˵Ѵ֮ܿ죬뿪ͼڴƵ꣬͵һ޴ɽȵڴѾˡ
ȻͼڴƵ࣬⼸ۼص˸ʣҲΪ˶ѡ¡
ܱһĸۼأҲǧˣһθľˡͬһۼصľۼһ𣬵ڶڣȴԽ롣
֮󣬷ֿ磬ֺݺҲˣҲѹ֣иʥ죬ܽ붫ȣҲζŸıϣ˭ǼԴ롣
ףôˣֿ˹
ָָȣȻָָԼ˼ԼҲҪԡ
ҲǣⶾֻжȲκãһܱȲǿֵ˵ͷ˹ȥݺҲ˸к
ͼڴƵΪĸۼؾٵģһҲֻ࣬ʮԶۼء
ʱһ˹ſϿͼھôһˣܹʲôһȰȥɣҲ˷ʱ䣬ǰһѡΣͼҲֻһëѾͷѡУ˻ȫˢȥˣʱ䣬һЩ¡
˵˳һưģʵǲҹάȻ˵ġ
ĸۼͼھƵСȻҲÿζҪ٩ĶеʱҰ⣬ҲЩ۸ˡ
ȻͼھƵҲ˿ȴһû˵ȻǲͶԷ֮˵˵ˣҲ˼ҵĶ֣Ҫǣȵ˲ϲطκһ֣˵ᱻϳȥư˵ģҲɵӣȻϵ
粻ưҲȤȴһۿȺеһЦιͼǴһʲôģˣҲҳˣ
һȻЦͼھƵȻһջѣǵ⣬ưǻЦƬ̣ȴϸһǵм¶˾ȵɫͷ˼䡣
СһģֻֻԪѹӾȴ̶߳ȣȻ⼸˵Ľ̸

ԣưǼҲԼףȴһܣԭ֮Ұͷȫ⼸˰ơ֪ȥժҩԾ͵͵߶ԷһطһЩϡҩݣȴûͷĳѨΪ˰òժϡеĲҩ
ոջư˴ӴŴҲΪԼף԰н̸˵£ȴ뱻˸š
䲻ףȴҲԻưЩΪΪݣֻǶԷΪʲôô֪ôѾˣԼ׵ݣҲǷ˶Էһ飬лᣬȻֻ
ûһڴͻȻһŹֵ춯£ĸۼصȫ̸ֹͣһһ̣һĻȵĳ档


һʮ ڱ
ڴԱߵһô˿ͻȻոյ춯Ǵģһ̣Ǵѿӣͬ˵˫ۺһ
һ۵ֱȻǿԵһƬҶҶһ˭ҵժ˭ͿԽȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻ˵һ㶣ⶫȾûô򵥣ոǴȷͨĴֻǲ֪˭ĳַ˵
һ֦ϵҶ飬ǧƬȥһһûʲôֻǴ˵ƬҶһǿ϶ˣ˭֪ȵ˾Բƭˣ˾ͳȥ׼Ҷֻһ仰ȴ侲
סÿһֻժһƬҶȡʸһᵱнôڿʼɣ˭
˶㿴ҿ㣬˭һȥͬʱ˭Ҳҵһȥ
Ȼһȥ˻ΪƬҶӶڣͬΪֻƬҶӣʱժĿҲ
ʱȴ΢΢Сơ
ڴ˵֮ǰѾƬҶˣ˵⣬ȴΪƬҶմȾһ˿ŹֵԪ
ӵߵĸ֪Ȼǿɷ֣һߣǾˣֻЩ֪ˣܷƬҶҶĲͬܿ죬һժҶӵȥˣҲһһߣһ֪ԷûвҶϵ΢Ԫֻһժһߡ
ϸһ̷С
һɥҲ˵ʲôֻʵʵ˻ȥ
ǰԽԽֻ࣬ǧƬҶӵҪժȷģ⿿ȻԶԶ
ܿ죬һٶժûһͨ
ͼھƵҲвǰԹݺȥûͨСȫƴôҶôļһ
ʱһʮƶѡһƬҶ֪һӵй˵ĸ֪ѾƬҶϡԪԲųֵġ
ȻЩ൱УһЩǱġ
ͬµǰ㣬ǴժµһƬҶͨˣȣ
Ǹ˵ϲæ߽˶ȣһҲһȻǵѽ붫ȣǽڸԵľۼҲ˿ɽĲ˵ʿ϶ǲóˡ
˵һеڶ
ûãڶժȷҶҲˣͬһеٮٮߡ
ֻûжҪȵۡ
硢ҲȺǰԣֻȻȻҲһߣԪĸӦʵ̫ͨȫƾȻȫժµͨҶ
ϸ񣡡
ϸһ
ֻͷ߻ȴǰȻԼףǿ硢ֻݺԼʮֹģҲ㹻չˣлᣬ϶Ըرǡ
ֻһƬҶԪһڲ˵Ǹǣ˶ȣ϶ҲﲻȵҪҪǣ֪Ǹ˵ĴͬСɣԼʲô춯˵ᱻ
ѦʮϳɵģժһƬԪҶͨѡΡ
£ͼھƵߵ඼һ󻶺˵ֻҪԼߵͨǾֵøˣôʱദѾͬˣȻĸˡ
ף̫ˣͨѡˣģ˸ҩ֪ʶ϶ⶾѦר߹˵һ߽˶ȡ
֪Ѧһʵˣô˵Ȼǳġ
ʱѾоųϵԹƬԪҶҲƬժߣֻʣһƬ
£˶ӻԾǰֻʣһƬҶһ˭ժǾͿˣԴҶǴ⣬ô˵ҪץһƬ
ʱҲˣϾʣµʮ˭˵ĿժҪˡ
Ŀ겻ʣһƬ̺ϡԪҶ
ֻǾҪץƬҶӵʱһһȴҪײһƬҶӣʱĻöԷɹȴ͵ļӿٶȣһ½һƪԪҶժ
ڵģҵҶӣһԱһȻ֮ǰܹ˵Ļư
˿һ׺ݵĶȻҶӸҡ
ȫ⵹һĪҲǸ֪֮ԲƬҶϵϡԪ
ưɫ֪ԼǴ˶ԷԷҪôǹԼԣҪô֪а취ҵ˺ϸҶ
ʵ¶ˣư֪Ϊ˸òժҩݣɭֵҩкܶ࣬һЩҶºͲݴеҩ׶ҵ֪׿϶һЩֶΣѡδһʼע׵ľٶǴ⣬ԷժƬԼٶȵƬ
ֻû뵽׵ٶȻô죬Ȼͷ٣Ѹײڶ֮ժˣȻЩ߳ŭҪӲֻǻưȻˣҶѾչҲûá
Ȼ˵꣬ǱߴͶһͨˣȥɣ˶ȥһѡεΪֹ
õһƬҶͼھƵ˶Ǵϲ硢ֺݺﶼǼ۴УȻΪһǿôѦͼڽ붫ȵѾﵽѾһЩۼسƽˣԺҲ˶ø໰Ȩ
ǻưһֻǴѾĵҲ飬ֻǶݺݵĿһۣȻʮֲʵ뿪
ףȥɣܽ붫ҪץסᣬָҿǵչأֳһȻźͿݺ뿪Ȼûбѡϣǿ׽ȣͬԵĸˡ
˵˿̽붫ȣ̸оһŨҩʱŷֶȵһԴһĵطͬ˲ֻľľ֮䣬һۿɼԪߡ
Ӧһ£ȴ൱ԾΪ֣ЩߵԪȻһ̬飬ȻбϵĲҪһ壬ľꡣ
飡
ⶫȵУһֻ֪ⲻͨһԪһͨ붫ȣòһͿԾѣ̤뵽ȵУҲܵʵʵڵĺô
֮⣬һַǳŹֵĸоڶȵУһһľƺԣ·ǻŵģָоǳ뵽֮ǰڴǸ˵Ĵ֪ܶʲô϶ӵпֲ˵
˿̣ǰһƬƽϣ֮ǰĸѾվ֮⣬һԣվ߰˸࣬Ӧþ֮ǰѡνġ


һʮ 
Ѧ򿴵ҲǼѣæףҲͨѡˣ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ㲻֪˵ж֮󣬿ļ٣ղžҪȥ㣬Ҳ붫ȣǲˣĶؿ϶õˡ
֮һ£ʵϣӸոտʼ͸оһĿԼϣĿ˲ÿ֪ڱ
ڱʮ߰ī߰˷ʮƯֻ˿ɫΪŹ֣һ˫۾Ҳ˲֪ڱѾ֪Լˡ
ȻڱͻȻһɫĿᣬϸָȡһſƬһ̣پʹӵðΧסŮɫ˭
һĿɿڴѦͷһ㶣ȻûӦô£ҪȰһ䣬ȴڱѦүү˸Ҹ磬ֻЩѣƭ㣬Ҳƭˣƭң˵㾿˭Ҹ
ΪΣֻǵҵȷ磬ֻǰ
ľʵ˳ȷĸ߶ԷԼҲǹðףֻǿΪԼ֮Բ˵ҲΪ˶ҪѦҩⶾΪ˲鷳Բˡ
˵֮ڱһŵӣֻýʱиڱĲҩȡ˳˹ȥ
ʱ˵Ұ㣬һҪҸ㣬粻չˣ˵һ仰Կڱ˫Ŀ͸һ˿ǳɴ䣬ôֹס
оԼ˵һ仰ڱˣ⵹ʮֺ棬ֻô֪ڱʵ磬ѷʱˣһֱǺΪ³öˣ˭֪һ䡮粻չˡڱ֪̾ûƭ
򿪲ҩڱɫʹǿΪ˲ժЩҩݶо˱ˡ
һѦҲǰ̾û˵ȻҲ֪˵ʲô
ڱһϷΪֹɣˣǶȣǸõͼھƵ꣬Ҫ޻ؼҿȥʱһŮ˵һȥʮŮԣһ߰Ǻڱϵʱ䳰ȷ
ȻҲǺڱһѡ붫ȵֻ࣬ʱ˵ֻȻҲʲôö
ڱվɥ֮ʹΪᷴ䣬ֻǺݺݿһǸŮˣȴǽǸҩպãٲ
Ůһ˵ʲôʱоһԪϯʮԪŷ˹ͣǰУЩԪ̺˼ΪǿԪٶǴﵽԪı׼ܶǴﵽԪļ
ЩɫĹУԼԿһų·һĶͷһμжٸк档
ܿͿЩһΧԪʮŨ£Ƕ߶δܿԪ屾壬ʱҲװӣû
֮⣬ע⵽ʮΧĹɫͬϷΪɫסҡ졢̡ī̡
ֻǰɫĹŶмΨīɫĹֻһһۣīɫеĴīŹ֣ζͬھϣҲǺ룬ƮڱȽԶλá
ʮųֺ඼¶ٶԶȻЩţǶˡ
ʱ򣬵һɫƮһŮ
ӽ쿪ʼѡ붫ȵǣΪȵߣǻǸԪͿƬ֪ʶҪķǣȣȻȣҲǱǸԵľۼأǵˡѣܸõĻšɫŵ½붫ȵ࣬ǿԽԪؾ飬ڣǻǵǱͬѡΪѧͽ࣬վã
£Ѧڵ˶վһ̣ʮԪſٷɹǰת˼Ȧѡ
ʱͣĸǰĹٵѦǰĹߣȻһŶûС
ùŹֲֿ֣ľ綾Ȼûֱ˼飬ֻǼڻţҲɣʵǲʺڶȣ
ûĶأֶؾǶ޷˵ѾûˣǲѡģϵĶҩζҺܲϲ
Ҳϲ
Щ֮һԽ̸ģȴöԺҹԼõͬһ֡
£һǲЩк˵ЩΪԼڵĶأƺЩҲκβá
һȣΪ뷨ӽڵĶأֻû뵽һ
ⲻڵľ綾ôἫأȥ롣
˿̿ҲǴһ˿Ź֣ȻûܵЩԪؾԷͨѡΣջҪɨسȡ
ʱ򣬸ոΨһһûжǸΨһһīɫţ˿ȴǷɵΧһȦȻͣߡ
һ£˵ˣԼ֡
ЩԪؾ˵Լ̺˾綾Ψֱ֮ôīɫĺ廹
˵ǹŹ֣ȵУԪؾһʮīɫԪؾΨһһûѡκػߵĴڡ
֮ǰһΣˣȴû뵽һԪؾͻȻѡԪؾͬ壬ҲԽ̸ž档
һﾹȻѡػѧͽѵ̫߳ˣ
˵ʵͬ壬ҲϲҲѡǱͬѡ񡣡
Ƭ֮󣬻ǸɫâĹŷɳѡѧͽʽԪؾѧͽԵԪؾ뿪ѧϰԪͿƬ÷
һīɫĹţҲ˿һԡ
࣬
˵꣬īɫĹƮŷɿǸں棬ڵǺܺ棬֪ԼԽ綾ǰ£ԪؾΪʲôѡԼ
ڶԷܲԼѾʲôϣˣϾ֮ǰԪؾĽ̸ҲˣĶأǾƽⲻˣ˵Ǿ͹ֳĶˡ
һ·ŶԷһƬŹֵأԼĪаƽ״СغΧдеϢȻֻͬиúеĲݶ룬һûҶֻ辵ĿڿһӦþĳѨ
߷ɵƮڰյԺԼһҽһ£ҽ򡯣ѡΪҺܸȤĶأӽ쿪ʼҵػߣһ̻ǿԪͿƬ÷ңЩͬѡеҪ˶ˣΪԪؾмΪϡеĶؾ顣


һʮ С
һ˵һԪŪһŹֵĿᣬһſƬƮ˳
ͻȻоһЩףȻǽһſƬԼͷš
˷ӦȻ뱩¶Լʵ˵ΣգȻۡ
ȡһԪܿƬγһۿɼԪܣֻȻԷһſƬЩ⣬Ԫܶ޷ֵ˲͸оһֹŹֵԪԼ塣
ãһӦǾԼȻԴ֮ˣתڵԪֵͬʱһ˦֣ķֻù־ƾճ֡
ʱһ벻鷢ˡ
ķǸԳĶؾͻȻһŵ̾ҪͷܣķȻͬһɫֱ˹ȥؾ˵ڵϡ
һ̣һֵԪҲʧ٣ٿǰ棬ķѾצӽǸؾڵϣΧԪѾɢ¶˱塣
ǧʯôǧʯֹԶ㣡˿ŵĴУȻѾﵽԪֻԪİķǰȻ˿ҷͬǺèһ·ķһ㡣
һĻҲΪ𾪣û뵽ķȻͣҿӣȷľ°ķ
кܶûŪһᣬΪóȷ£ûһװ˼
뵽̵ķȱ֣סҪһһ
ķһ˷ܵĽƺǳ⣬ȻצӺݺһԴʾԷʵǸؾǲҶƺǳ°ķ
һﵽԪﾹȻһķʵʮֹŹ֣ΪԤһùǰʸڶԷϣֻҪؾκ춯̾ͻ
࣬ʲôҪʵģʣ֪Ļ㣬ſң˿̲˵
ȻģһſԷһͨ籨ţڿǵвԪؾһ֡
ܿ˿ڶȺܴ󣬶ľڵûб˷֡Ҳ΢ȴǶԳĶؾˣոõʲôƬ
һ㶣һ˫Źֵ۾ʵ㲻֪μ˶ȵѡΣԸΪǵػߣȻ֪ơ
ɿһȻֻ֪˼ƺ˶֪Ŷԡ
£ŰķʹһɫķһҲǹ飬һȥǵùҽһæ࣬ҴˣʲôҴʲôƿԪؾƬ֮ҪԪؾ
ˣūһ԰ɣһΪⶫڲͬأ벻ҲǺЩҹͺһ
Ҳһǻ⻰һתʧѵǺ͵Ǹࣿ
ķһžһһΰ˰ķһƵٲ˵ˡ
Ҫ֪ȫһ顣
ⶫʵϾʮֻԪؾϢĵطҹ塢ԼʹһԵԪ确塯ǻֻǵӱȽºͣû̫ԣȻʵףֻΪԱսԴ࣬ҲҪ˺ܶ࣬ڶΧ棬ֻԪؾ鱾ʵսҪһЩƵսЩƵԻΪػߡ
ȻػʵϾԪؾΪǿսʩչطػڣֲҲԸҲˣǿĺǣһ¶ԸǶȵԪؾ顣
һΣҲûеطķһ¿ƣԷǰػߣ˵ľԼˡ
֪ЩҲǵ˵ͷȻʵ㣬Ϊʲôѡңͬ˵ϵĶأԪؾ鶼޷
һ㶣ʵͨŶԣԵõǧʯ׷棬ǵȻģѡΪڵĶأǶؾ飬ӵиöعֶΣԲѡȻ֮ǰҲ֪ǧʯˣԺܳΪΰʦ֪Ҳҡ
ЦȻЦȥʵǳÿԣҲ죬ˡ
˵ͷϢԼڵĶһֱһвܽвתΪʵҲԸˡ
һһ⣬Ϊʲôô°ķ
ķ㶣Ƭ֮ŷӦѹԼǧʯ֣壬ķһǴ˵һĴڣԪؾĿǣڰķǰǵԪ޷ɿƬ˵ԪؾıսʵϺܲԡ
ףΪʲô򿴵ķô£ͬèһ㣬С
Ū׵ģҲŪˣ˿̵ͷŽĴ㣬˿ȴڰķצ֮սսġ
Ԫؾ鱾Ͳս壬˵ѾﵽԪδصеùֻԪİķ˵Ҳҡ
ò˵൱ģ˿ŵλ
౻ͨͣԼ֪£ǶԷôܷԼ뿪ͶԷ
뵽һ㶣Ϊʲôԣ
ܱͨң⣬˵Է㹻ʵԱ֪ܱһֻǧʯ׷棬ⱾһΪ˲õ顣
Ҫ֪ǧʯԵԪ确Ԫʥá˵ཫлԪ磬˵Ǳɾ;޴ˡ
Ԫһбһ࣬ʮϡٵĶؾ飬ͬʱ˼άҲͬ岻һֱӺ͹ҲͲⶫˡ
뵽ȴͻȻˣǲǵ˺ǵˣЩʹʵǿ϶Ҫ֣Ը⣬Ը׷ңЧȮ֮ͣ
˲ƨԺʹʻ㣬Щƽʱв˵˳ʱҲǺȻĽ˳
˼Ļ󣬵΢΢һЦǶԷ˵Ҳ㣬ؾΪԼЧȻԷãϾԼҪڵĶأոѾ뵽һֿԣ˵Ҫڵֶأⶾؾ顣
ôͶЦһ䣬ֻЦЩɭЩֲ
ߴһ£룬ʵʵ죬һԪһſƬ
ˣñպá
һץͽǿƬץ˹һӴ͸оһԪץһſƬͷ·һ֪ԷûƭԼ˵ԼƻһſƬ϶Ҳ


һʮһ 
죬һСƬضɹģҲڷѧϰ̸ڶص֪ʶ
ĿǰѧϰԼԪ⣬ѧϰ˵ĸ֪ʶֱЧʷɿ죬Ҳѡ
һѾԪؿֿƬûʵʹֻǿΪֶؾֻṩԪһھѧֿƬҲǾ̾ѡ
ڵڶʱѧ˹࿨Ƭ죬ֿƬһЩ죬ֻڴ˿̵˵ҪԪоѾǿҵĶأֻҪԪͿֿƬ
ַƬĹЧҲΪɹֱۣ׳γ׷ΧĶˡڵĶΪȼܸߣĶؿƬȼȻǴﵽҲƬһ£ҲǴһԼȻǶؾ飬ĿǰΪֹҲֻ
ȻĹǷǳֲͨﵽԪһҲȻԸͷǴﵽԪļǿߣҲᱻ˺
ѧ˶죬ҿҲһȻԵһֵˣʹҹ壬ƾԼūͣһս֮
յֶ췽ʱѾգǡⶾ죬ҪֲҩͬʱæŪԪؾһЩƿⶾ˿صоķ
ⶾ˼壬ǿԽڶصĿƬֻһֻ߶ⶾѧģҲֻǶⶾ췽Ȼ޷ٴﵽ̶ȵĶأҲֲãЩԪؾԼڵĶûа취
ôⶾʹãҲڵĶӣ˵Ҳʤޡ
ڡ˿һֺöƶ˿ƣ˵ԪؾƵػߣҲҪΪԪؾժϡвҩѧϰֻѧϰһ˿䷽
˵⣬Ѿĸ࣬Ū˿䷽ֵ¶
ڼ䣬ڶҲżȻ࣬Щ˿ҪôǶԶԶģҪôȡЦⲻ֪ǵĵλҪǿ̫ˡ
˵ףԪؾˣֻǹػôһֶѣǽԪؾΪСܣȻǲмЩȡ
ѦڱҲѦ򵹻ãڱΪԼðףн٣Ҳ˵
ͻȻ뵽˵ҲΪһѧϰһ˿ռһЩϡеĲҩԲŻᱻưЩ˸ơ
˵ưЩô֪Ҫռϡҩݣ˵ãм仹ʲôè塣
ȥѾ˶ؿⶾ˿䷽ƿУĶأҲҵһַԼڵٶȣֻҪؿôԼڵĶؾͻһһļ٣ֱȫʧ
ȻⲻǶʱڿģֻͨ⼸ŬڵĶصǼһЩΪضٵòҲһЩָ
ⶾ˿ֻ˶֮⣬ⶾ˿Ҫҩݣⶫ׼һ϶ûģȥһЩҩ
ҪȣԪؾɣҪ£ɾͳ˹ȣˣһҲǻһſƬ͵͵뿪
Ļ˵Լıߵ͵øģһ˲ɾͲˡ
ûлͼھƵ꣬Ϊ˵ڱѾǰһ뿪ȣ˵ȥлһ¿硢ֺݺֻȻȥȻǣֱƵΧ׼ԼһЩҩݣϰ˿ͽⶾƿգһлҵ˿ͽⶾ䷽Ļ˵ڵƬʱҪڵĶأӦòʲô¡
ҪҩݣҪʶҩݿʼҲڼ񲹵֪ʶ
ǰҹɭУϡҩݣҲֵ֪ڲͬˣͨʱĶ񲹣ټŶؾ򣬾󲿷ҩֻҪӲĲժ
ҹɭ֣ڿһ޴ĲҩңֻڶΧת˼СʱŵһҩѾװ˴룬вһЩϡٵҩݡ
ͬѪݡ¶ԪȣЩǰиֵһĶ˿̶˱
ʱǰͻȻһ춯ܿ죬ǰ򣬿ӣǺ׷ɱǰˡ
վպñЩײǰ񱼵ļҲվ
㣿һʧ˵һڱԱߣп硢ֺݺ
ȻҲڱ֪ѾˣǰֻǸðƻҲǿӣ˵
ܿ죬ŷӦæǿߣǰһ׷ˣ
˵꣬һʸ˹ſӴ뵽ϣһܣܵõֵǣͼھƵĸһΧһҪŹ
ʮ˳˹ÿ˶ٻū͡
һո˵ǻưһư˴ӵģǡڶȵǸԺǳڱǸŮˡ
ǱưƣֺǸŮһģȻѾ˵⡣ʱҲ˵ڶȵУԪؾյػ֮侺ܼңһ˵һЩ߼Ԫ÷ͿƬֻǵػߣڱǸŮ˾˵ҲͬһԪؾϽ
뵽Ѿףеʱ˱ȹﻹҪֲҪ˵ȶۺֶΣͼھƵЩ˰ڱȻͶԷ̫ԶֱһȼϵĶ֣Щ֪׺ڱĹϵ֪״ռҩݣԲŰƣףιҲǱˣҪ֪Ѿ˶ȵĿƷΧﱻ˸ɵȷ֪
ֻϧԷ̫ãԼ
ĺҽթˣûһ˿øеģͼڵǣŽһ£ֵָܵоϲ
˹֣ã̤ЬٴأһﾹȻԼðˣ̫ˣưһ۾Ϳһ䣬ҧгݵ˵ǽ֮ˣնѡΣ϶ҶǶԷңܽ붫ȣΪˡ
㣬Ҹ˵ĳ˹֣СӽңҵҶϴν붫ȵľǱүҽҪֻưۣץһѷĿ߻һͷȮū͡
˹ֵҲȤ֮ǰðףҶһ㱻ƭˣΨһһؾѡߣ룬϶Ҳ˲ٺôЩƬ˵жؿһʰڱѾͷٶԸСӣֻ˵ǣãŮһЦȻģ㲻ʵǲôð


һʮ ˭
ԣǰ˵ͷֻһ仰ƺѾ˸ˡ
⻰ЩҲ·ͷԼжԪѹƵһߵĳ̶ȣҪԸʮˣҲ練ơ
ʱ򣬱׷ϵڱȴǲ˲ͷĺͻưҪԸң£ôҪ뿪ˡ
˵ţڱָָ
⵹Ϊ⣬ڱͲ󣬵ͦеǴһ˿Ҫһ·ϾҰ⣬ǸӲ
ʱͻư˶ǻ࿴һۣȻЦڱ棬ֻǺܿ죬ǱҲЦЩ⡣
ЦʲôڱҲΪ˾һ㲻жȻһЦʱ˿̽һѵϻһЩѪǸոµġͻưЦЦ벻ͨ
˵֣ǿݺҲһŭĿǵҲûЦһЦͻưˣȷЦڱ档
Ѿͷô棬ҵȻҪЦˣԸԼ£ҲŹǣѵ㻹һʼЩ˾ûκ뿪ңףҲǱǺġһ仰˵ڱǻư˶һ㶡
ʲô˵Ҹڱ̾ͼˣæʵͻưǱŹ֣ȻףΪʲô˹ֻ֪Ǽ¡
ԣԼ֪˳򣬶ԷΪڶȵԴͬʱֹװѰҲҩ׽ͷĳѨ渵Ȼ󲿷ֶ²ģ˵ĸоͷ·һ㡣
ͻưĿɿڴһ㵣Ȼ˵ȫԣʱ򣬻ưԱߵһʧҿĪСȫˣô֪ǸЩ
һ仰ʵĻ
£ڱֿǣǶͻưŭĿӣԭһʼǶԷơ
ڱ˿˫Ŀͨ죬ͻưˣ۵ȭͷѾ߬֨֨죬ɴ˿ɼǶôķŭˡ
벻˹֪Ļ治٣ǼһǰİɣߣǼһҲǸɵӣΪʲô඼Ըԣһ˵ϡвҩĵط׳ջľɵ˹ȥûӣ˻ãڱ̰֪Լˣ˼ڶȺԴҲǹѪˡЦ˵ƺ˿ΪԼ¶Ρ
ɱ㣡ڱ˿ǳ׷ŭˣȡſƬԥļһſƬٴ㣬һſƬǻһ⣬뵽һϵֲڣ˲ֲٳ󣬱һ׶ߵһֲūͣž֦Ϊ˻ưˡ
ɱңЦڱҵҪôɱңЦһҲȡſƬһͬǼ٣һٻһߴﵽ׵ˣƣȻڱٻҪöࡣ
ٶʱͽɱһ𣬻๥ڱֲūȻĲ̫࣬һƣȻڱ˿ŭɶȴöԷһ취ûС
֡ݺҲǰæưʵֺͿǶûƣԷǱԷѹô
ǼȥץסǸСӣˣưһֱڶ˿̶ż
Ǽ̳Χ˹һЦֹ
ֱ֪ôдҡҡͷѾˣʱڣڱǻܼһʱ䳤˿϶Ҫ鷳ڱãǿ硢ֺݺ˶Ȼȡ
˹붼룬ֱȡսһǺɨȥ£ֲԪ£һֱӱ룬Ѫɣ⼸ǱػЧɨУһ·ڵһ˳ȥײʮĴϡ
һ£˶ˡ
ͣµĴ򶷣ǵɴ۾ĿɿڴĿȻոֻһо͸ɷĸˣʵʵЩ˼ˡ
˿Ųսһ΢Ц˶Ƿ·һֳһʱžĿ¡
㲻ɵӣһ۾ͿڰԻҲϹۣûпԷȻô
˭
ʵͷһθоԼʧˣͻȻ뵽Լ֮ǰƺ©˲ϸڡԷףǱͷɱģֹ֪һǲݣôܻܸԷһ
ǰ˼ףҲ˵ʱͷûֱɱףôͷΪʲôɱˣʧ֣˵Ǳֹˣ
УһԵĳ֣Ȼֱ£ΪʲôỹҪͼڵǰ˻һðףΪʲôҪðһˣ
ȫϳܽ붫ȣǱԪؾ϶Ǳ࣬ǱԪؾѡˣ϶ǻᱻơģ֮󴦻жӦԪؾԪǡ
ʱע⵽ǰϸûС
֮⣬ҹɭΣޱȣⶫȷΧ֮⣬Ǹ޺У˶һˣȻҳһС
ɵ̫ˣֻԼ֮ǰȫˣ侲һŷЩ©
ϸԷԷϵֱƻ׾ȻһЩתϸҲԿԷˡ
ԽԽöԷһˣֻǵ˭һʱ벻
˼ʱǱ߻ưȴǷӦ˹һȻûִĻһн´ɣ̾۵ΪǶԷһѸӵԵʡ
ҲսΪ磬Ȼʹֿ񣬵ϾǶһɫƷʣ̺ԪԲ
£ưĲս۾¶ʮ̰
СӣܲȻܸ㵽ôҲһˣǸӸң˵ˣܷСһ·ư촽˵
⻰ΪΣưҲһƷˣڶԼʵΪԼá
ˣûʲô˵ģֻǵҪã
Сʶ࣡ưϲѾʼ룬ԼõһţƵ̽СӻɱԺʵǣھۼҲиߵĵλͻȨһҪʲôʲôʳŮ˶ˣͬһڡ
ʱЦһһֻһѾһſƬһ̣ɭͱٻ˳
ʱ䣬ɭûнʳպãôɭúóһ٣Ȼûʲô
ɭѾӽ˳壬޴һ֣Сŵӣ̱ڵء
ưǵӣֽŷû˵ɭſһһɾ޴ϯ㱻ֱɭȻһ¡
˭ˣǸ͵ͨʱһֱͻȻһ˵


һʮ ޵
ڶȵǼʱ䣬ͨڵĶأͬʱʹýⶾȻڶػûԪɱѹһңϵĶȴ˺ܶ࣬Ȼûȫָ˿ܿһЩģ
ԾһΪƻˣǹˣոһֱ;죬ȴͻȻ뵽ǾۼϵĻ񣬲Ǻ˺
ԽԽ϶ǰ˾Ǳ͵ͨ
ͬʱѾٻɭ棬ư̳ԣһĻ̾ܣûһ˿һԥ
Ǹ˾һŮˣܳΪư˵Ĵ󣬿Ĳʵĸֶκӡ
˵ģɭ֪ģǿٻɭͨˣ
˵Լʮˣʮǰٱ˹ҲԷɱġ֮⣬ú͵ˣͨˣ
ʲôطҹɭֵе˭֪ǿҹںǵĺʹǰҲֻѡӣȻжػҲֻǿԱģȵԪؾҲǺǵĶ֡
֪ԷȻǱ͵ˣû˿˷ܣеֻǿ־壬ֻӡ
ֻҪߣôͿȥǸܣʱЩ㹻ʵǡ
һбգǾǸոմ󺰳ԷǺͨҪҪ֪ʮˣԼһ˶֪ˣʱһӣԷҪܾͱҪɱڣǾҪ׷ֻҪԷ˴ʧˣԼкܴӳ졣
˵У˵޹أֻҪԼӵõС
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ԪؾսʽǵıսܲȴǿֲﵱսǶؾ飬ںжصֲУսǿ
Ǻʹû뵽ֶΣһͱ֣ȻǿĻףһ˿Ҳ̸ܵͷĿѣǺʹ

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Ӱ߹ﵽԪ֮󣬼ҪһԪؾĵط֪ΣоĳԼѾﵽԪĶ壬ڵĻԪ׷ɱԼǸҹļսʿҲоԼкͶԷһƴ֮
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ֲ֮ǰ׳ŶκβǺʹԭԷרſƺѹƶصֶΣ뵽֮ǰöʹֻˣǺһ㶾˺ԺԲơ
ʣԪЧǳͣתΪԪ֮󣬲ٵжţڵԼٱǾ͹ֳĺɫҺҲҪԶֻҪñĻԪѹƶؾͿԡ
ӵֽʹĺھץתԪһ̣Ǵ֮ϾȻصһ£ðһ棬̻ӽնǰһʯ
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ˣȻ˻ԪĲ֮ߣʵţڵԪҲǲؾ˿̷˹ֱһƨ
Ԫؾоһ࣬ʹ棬ѧñ˭죬ҲֲԪؾȺвܴһĶؾ飬ˡڶȣ俴Ȼǵĺʹܸɵ˷ѵ
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ķĽԪ֮ҲһЩ仯צӷҲһЩŹֵ·ҰķȻӵһֹǾǿͷųͻش̡ˣҰķͷųĻǴﵽȼͻش̡
ڰķı仯ûôԣı׳ͬԪǼ׳һս壬ǿ֮ڼ
Ԫ֮ŴԼӸ߼ǿڡ
дʮ죬֪ϵΣȥȻκһȫͬһʵ䵽һߣо綾˵봦أһΣҹǺʹҲԿռݵϷ硣
õ˾޵еĹתԪѾɱҹǣϼֱӾȳ֪ҹǵĶսʮԪļҹսʿȻǿ󣬵ͬʱʮԪļҲδռϷ磬ȻǿУ͵͵Ǳ룬ֻҪȷĿǰϼλãаսǿдߡ


һʮ ߵ
ҹɭĳһºڼףźɫ󽣵ǰߣǴϺʹһ·ͷ
òָټϺǵͻڣΪ˶ĿǴ˺ʹ·ϴֻ¶۾ߡ
ǰĵطҹҹǣʵתԪõļȻҪȥҹǿûлȳϼ
ߵ·ͻȻͣ
ȻȻߣΪתԪ֪ѾԪļĸ֣ոȴӦǰ˹
ûжֻǵȻһԣǰУܿ죬ǰͿܹһҹսʿ
ҲԺ׵ҹ壬ȻϿȴǿԴ֣һʮҹսʿǺɫİƷ
ɫżӵﵽԪҹսʿ˿ҲǰȴǷ׷ͣ¡
ʹˣĴЩҹսʿ̽˺ʹһվ
ҹʮţ֪ЩҹֶκǳײУᱻǵıƭ
֪ҹɭ֣ǵĵλΪ⣬ҹ廹壬Ժʹǳ𾴣˵Ǿη
ֻ˵ǣԷȻûκλɣ˿ԼתԪǴԪϸӦҲ˿ֶᷢߡ
û˵ֻǵ˵ͷ֪ʹһǳĬԣ˵˷á
ҹսʿƺҲ֪ķӦȴǼæʹˣҵȻҪ£ȸˣ
˵꣬Ҫ˼ߣʱȴǽѹͺ󿪿ڵôţʲôˣ
ԷõǵԪͨҲͬѯʡ
ҹսʿһ㶣Ȼ̫ش𣬲뵽ʹһ磬˶ԷԲ֮ѡǵͷغʹˣҹǰһʱõһλˣ׷
һһߵĸòϼɡ
ǳʵ壿ʲôʱӵģ
죡ԪҹսʿȻˬǻʵشͬʱʹ̫ܵҹڲ飬ȻҲ֡
ֻ⻰ǲ˵ģȻźʹ磬˵¾ͽնɱˡ
ȻȥܶԷʲôȻð˺ʹǾҪúݣ룬±ʹû£һȥץ
ǿˣЩҹսʿһҲ޿κΣʹʵǿҹĳϼҲõǸ档
ҹսʿҲǻ飬֪ʱܾĻǶԷᶯŭæȻʹԸһȻãǸߵʵкʹ˰æǳ˳Ҳߡ
Ǿʹ·˵꣬ǲٶ˵ҹսʿһҲûʲôӣֻǴӼǰ
ҹսʿٶȼ죬ָʵ֮ٶҲ֮ҪЩҹսʿߵϼǾٺòֱӻ뿪
иЩҹսʿѱᱻǷ֣úʹݣĿŵĸţҲҷ
ȻķʽܰԵҲϺʹһ·
Щҹսʿ֮䣬˰Сʱ㶣ЩҹսʿѾ˶ȵķΧ
ûֻôţܿ죬һҹսʿǵһľۼأֻ൱ϤȻͼھƵꡣ
һʱ䣬ҲЩ񣬰Щҹսʿô׷
˿̣ͼھƵΧѾ˲ҹսʿźɫս׵Ԫļҹսʿ
ǿﵽԪļҹսʿһҹսʿƺҵĹǣǰ񣬽˵
ܿ죬ﵽԪļҹսʿ΢΢һ㶣
˿ѾΧסͼھƵҹսʿѾϰˣԪļˣԪʮˣʣµģԪһսʿ
һԲͼھƵܿġ
ڶԷƫƫˣȻͼھƵڵ࣬ǶȵԪؾ顣
Կģĸ޴վĸ޴˵УͬﵽԪļԪ֮⣬һЩߣ۾һɨѾڱǡ
֮⣬ȵԪؾһɼɵķǽκοܵٵĹۼȵԪؾԷͬСɡ
Ҳɻѣֻʮʱ䣬ôֱᷢʣӣҹ徹ȻǴȵصġ
ĪǣǸߵͼھƵꣿ
ֻˣǶΪʲô˽Ըôƣʵ޷⡣
˽⣬ֻǺҹйأԶԪؾĴ·ʽӦòˮǲˣҿӣҹġ
֪˵顣
˼ת֮䣬ﵽԪļҹսʿҲ˹ֱ
ҹӳҹҹ䣬ʹˣ
Ԫļҹ壬ԺʹҲǺܹΪʹӵжʮԪļֵĺǡ
˵ͷô£
Լ࣬˵ϻ¶ڣǰ£Ҫס
غʹˣԿӳ壬һֻܲǿҪˣС²߶źǣû뵽ʹȻԸˣ
ҹļҹսʿ˵ֻ˵֮ȴɫһ䣬ЩɻĿ
֪Է϶ǲԼԪȼˡ
ļҹսʿĸ֪ͬСɣҲˣȻѾЩҹսʿڹʶƣҲв鷳
Ӧ٣һתĻԪϢͷų
һ˲䣬ƱǣռĿǵԪҪ֪ǺǿĺʹҲĲ㣬ȻֻԪƱ֮£ȻѹԪļҹսʿ
ҹսʿ֣ǾѾܵǰĻԪŵú˼ɫ԰ףӹø͡
ѹļҹսʿҲǰ˿
֪ԼոͷŻԪȫҹսʿٻɣҹսʿҲٺʹûһʹĻԪƣѾǰȷǰλʹںǵĵλԲͣпǰʮǰĸ֡
ΪʲôλʹΪʲô֮ǰԪӣܿǶԷԪҹսʿղҺûʲôľٶڶ
ոͷųϢҲöǱߵԪؾһ˵ҹɭֵеĴƲܺǵӰ죬ʵϣģȵԪؾԲҵǡ
ʱ򣬴ͼھƵҲɳһֻԪؾ飬ͣǰʹˣǧҹһ֮ԣﲢûпκ壬ȵ·һ˲Ҳˣһҹ̫


һʮ ÷
˵ԪؾڶȵʱԪؾԪؾ죬ͬﵽԪļ
˵˷ߵۼأҲףֻҪѲһ£ѲôҹȻߡҹ˿˵ʵȻȲҹ塣
Уǲҹ壡ԪؾȻܾӣٺʹڣȻһԲϴ֡
ʱɿ˼֮ǰҹе鱨Ʋ⣬ӳܾܿϼĲͼھƵ굱УôһѵĻᡣ
뵽ȴǳ¼򵥣Ԫؾ鲻ҹ壬ȥѲһºˡ
һʹ˾ȻѲ飬ҹ廹Ԫؾ鶼һ㶣ЩϺʹԸ񰡣ʹ磬ûкôǾԲȥôˣ̫߳ˣ
ܿ죬ҹаϲʹ˲ܳʲôĿģҪȥѲ飬϶ҵ壬ڰҹͺ֮ĹϵܺãȺҹ֮䣬ʹ˿϶ǻҹ塣
˵ֱ꣬ͼھƵȥҲǲͬ⣬ҹΪʹڰǣȻǲԪؾһʱҲҲƬ֮䣬ѾǴԪؾķ߽ͼھƵꡣ
ʱͼھƵ඼Ѿ棬һɫţ죬˴󲿷ֶϵãܿ죬Ϳڱ硢ֺݺǴ˿¶ηɫȻûϳԼ
߹ߣȴͻȻͣһŲ£һ˶ڱ˵
˵ͷòǴϿһŮԣļãҪǣ˵κϼ
ҲֻǺѡ
һҲûеƣȴǲɫװģһȦȻڱ˲Ŀߣ˳ȥ
ǿʹѾ˲ںǸŮˣΪʲôûеƣ
Ȼȥͣ߳ͼھƵҹ˵ûʲô壬뿪ɣ
ҹ˶ʱЩɵۣ˵ʲôһҲ˵ֻǴ˳ߡ
ʵ֣ǺʹǿĺǣЩҹ˸ܾô뿪ڣȴΥҹɭ˭֪ʹǼΪ費ĴڣëǣǺǲ롣
ҹսʿߣԪؾҲЩ񣬲֪ЩԪؾԸ˵ͬ嶼²ؼ߸߹ֻҪغöһĶֵؾУΪǵػߡ
Ҳ˵ͼھƵһˣʵϿЩԪؾѹͲ֪
ΣҲûж˵ֱӿ뿪һ֮زººڼף󽣿պãȻŰӰͼھƵꡣ
˿˶ǾδΣˡ
ڱķ䣬˿ȴվżˣݺſڣȷûˣڱۿǰŶŮˡ
Ϊ㣬ղŲһǳ£˵ʶǸͨˣһ֪ƭǣǿ϶Ὣ㽻ҹ壡ڱ˵Ծһ˿¡
С̫ðʧˣôһˣһһ鷳Ԫؾ棬Ǻʹûз룬δʶʱ˵Կܵ˵Ҳ㵽
ǰȻжǣŮδ˵ʵΣǲ֪ոǺʹʱҲһӣʲôûзֺ֣һЦ
Ǻʹ϶ˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôûеƣʹһᶼ¹죬ûҪ²⣬ڣ㽫֪Ķ˵ѣǿ뷨ӱһȻڱ˵꣬вƵĻ˻ȭͷ
ллǣʶǸûƭǣŶŮʱͷϵĶժ£¶һƯӣò˵Ů˺һϡ
ʱſȴһ
˵ʶңҲʶ㡣ŻһӰƾճſڣŵÿŵݺЩ
㣡
ˣ
ڱ˵Ȼֵ͵͵ǱͼھƵ꣬Ȼͷ
ȻһڱǣɱͻưǣڱǲٿƬǶĸйٴı䣬ˡһҲͻȻӵŮָǸͻ˵ʶˣͶԷѣڱǲðձŮˡ
Ҫ
ڴˣΪмģڱǶֵཻˣȻ֮ǰһᣬǾһ¼һɢˣڱǸмԣڶ֪
ֱȴΪǸŮժ¶ָϼһûмŮˡ
ʱڱҲ֪ǸŮƭǣһŭ֪ǱǷϾ֮ǰֳʵ̫ǿﶼУʲôģ
˰ֹ֣ǵѯʣȻǸŮ˵˵㾿˭ΪʲôҪ˵ʶңУô֪ҵ֣
Ů˿Ƭ̺ŵ԰ɣȻϼ˵һһ˲ˡ
һ֪Ů˿϶ʶϼϼԼ飬ǵҲ˵ͨ
Ů˳ڱЦЦܱǸ֮ǰû˵滰ҲΪԱ˵Ҳȫǻѻ
˵ֶ꣬ҽһ£ҽж÷Ǻϼһ𱻿ҹǵ壬飬ϼҵģΪһЩֶΣһξҵһᣬ˳ߵʱϼ˵㣬Ȱˣ˵Ȳ
ȴЦһܾܲȵ˲˵㣬ڱʲôطУôӳģ
Ů˺ļƣơ
˵ҵֶΣֶֻλܸ㣬ϼ㣬ڻҹǣԼӳҲײ˴ˣܴˡǶ÷ƺҲ뷨˽͵
˶ȻҺϼĹϵã˵˲ٹ£ֻҿԺܸĸ㣬ڵʵܾȳϼ㣬ϼ㲻ȥΪãҲߵʵҹﵽԪҹϰˣԪļǿҲʮǵ̫󣬸۵
⻰ЦЦǰ÷˵ĵҲûڲͬˣԼתԪõļӲҹǣҲǺʤ㡣
ʱȴͻȻһĶŤͷ⣬ȴͻȻȻˣɣʲô


һʮ նɱļ
һ䣬ſڱǴһЦ
˲벻ͼ൱оҲ֪ˣҹ˵һǰʱǱҹǣɱ˲ҹսʿǸ˾ɣſڣһӰ˽Ȼ֮ǰǸļҹսʿҹһﾹȻȥ
һԷ֪ҹ϶ǲôԱϳˣͬʱ͵͵ҹͼھƵꡣ
ҹԪļʵҪһۼؼֱҶԷ϶ȻưӰĵߣκϢһ֪ԪҲ
ò˵Щҹ൱
ҹڱֶǴһݺﷴӦܿ죬̴Ҫ˵ע⡣
ҹȻǲֹֻǷ·𿴰׳һſݺ
ͼǵͼ壬Ⲽ˿һϢǾǺɤҲûáҾ֪ߵ϶ȻˡҹЦһԶ˵ӣʵҲˣһԪļǿߣҪԸЩˣ˵׾١

Ҳͷһ˵ֻ֪ҹû˵ѣӸոտʼͷ·𱻸һκ
÷Ҳɫ԰ףȻû뵽ҹ˾Ȼַʽ۷˿̣ѾԺûеһʱߣٱҹץȥҪӳǼֱˡ
ȻԸһЩֶΣԾԵʵ˵ûκλᣬԪļǿǳ˶ƴҲ˼һָɱġ
ʱЦһǰһȴǶڱ˵ǴǸŮ˿һЩһｻң
ڱǾģʱŶ÷ߣһΣҲ֪޻ЦЩԴˣߣҲԪʮԪһԪļĶ֡
ʵЦ˭һץȥĺ
ûЦҹȴЦˣ߶ҡͷҴҽһ仰Ǿǲ·ͷҿɲҹգɱ㶼ߣȥˣҲµĿУǲϳҲӲˣҾɱ㣬Ȼɱϡ
ҹ˵꣬һЦȻǲٻκūֻͣȡһ·ҶһĶ̵
Ƕ̵ȻޱȣʱȻͬˮһ㣬һɼĺۼ
֪ⲻͨ
һĵԵһԪļǿߣҲûдٻռ̫СӴȫʩչתԪ֮󣬸оԼʵ˼ȻԪδزܺԪļԿ
ңҪ˵ҲС
һ̣ھ󽣾ͱʵ廯ץУҲˣӭŶԷһն˹ȥ
һȻǶ˻潣
νĻ潣ûضĽʽͽʽֻͬͨɱУԪӦá
˵ǼΪ򵥵ֶΣԽ򵥣Խ
еĴ󽣴˿ȼһ棬ɢȽХҹɫ䡣
Ĵ󽣣̾ϳֻкʹŻӵеĺھ󽣣ҶԷʩչģȻǻ潣
ôǺʹ˵ġҹһ˵ΪЯĽѾǿ˹ǡѿСһַ˺ѿºھ
ҹӦסƣ˦һſƬһ̣һ޴ľʶƳ
ͬʱĴѾľʶϡ
ǺľܣȸҪӲϲܿÿ˵ôкʹ˵ĽҹŭһԷֱۼԪע󽣣һ죬ҹеľ޴ľֱȼգҹһһֱ۾ͱն䣬ڰУϱ۾ͱԪճ˷ɻңһƬӶû¡
ҹҽһ˿ûѪȴǱס˿ڣˣҲǾʹޱȣо֡
ԷֻԪٶȻ˿ԼҪ˲˼ǣԷȻʩչ潣ҹûмʶ֪ҪתڵԪǶôѵһ£ԷȻġ
һԪӲƴһԪļȻռϷ磬ҹѾ֪˶ôֲĶ֡
֮ǰǸʹĪǾٰģҹɵֻ΢һ룬ͨĹؼĺʹԲֲܷߵ塣
㻹ɵûʵ㣬ѽԭҲеĺʹɱˣʲô˵˿ֳִ󽣣磬ԼҲû뵽ƾھ󽣣ƾתĻԪȻһԪļҹӲƴն˶Էһֱۡ
Ҳ˵ԼȻԪѾӵкԪļıǮ
ȻռϷ磬û֣ȶԷشٴγֽȥҹֻӦս
ҹҰҹ֪Լ˼ΪǿĶ֣æһƬһ̣һŨҵĺɫӿƬ̾䡣
ڱ˾Ȼ۾κͷ·۾һ㡣
ãҹеķ÷ҲǾһֻʱǰȻһҫ۵Ļ⣬ͼһ潣âһҽС
ɫͬˮһȥڷǰ棬ҹɫҰףѾһΪڵϣޱȡ
ץһѿУֻǴ˿ԪļҹǿѾֻǾҲĿ
棬ӣؿһµ˿ڣɼǣǱոѿипġոտ˵൱գѾ˵ѾȫûԪͺھ󽣵ƣȻҹɱԼҲˡ
֪ҹȻԪļʵԪļҲֻǵͶ˴ڣԼӮôңĶ֣ƾԼ治һӮ
ֻԼԷնɱҾһսԼĿǰʵҲһµʶڵԼԻɱʵһԪļĶǾͲˡ
ϹķţͬʱԪļʤ㡣
˿ȡ˿Լƣҹǳ⻹ûֱնԼϣֻǿͱ˺ѳӣУԼҲˡ
˿ЧãҲȥŲŽ˿ֹѪ̡
ڱ÷˴˿̲ŷӦһǾޱȣǶ÷˭֪ļҹսʿǿļҹսʿҹǾǶĴڣƿҹ˵ǿ֮һ޵дڣȻɱˡ
ҲԪĳ̶ȣȻԪļҹɱˣʵǲ˼飬ȴʵ˸˵ţòţΪ


һʮ 
ʹ˿󣬱ǰҹһ˹
һƴģǵƺȻγɵĽͬһᱡǺȥģ֪ȻҪ
⣬ҹָҵһöͨĿ䡣
ԶԶڿȻҹԶԶȲϿ䣬Ⱥʹĺڿ䶼Ҫ̫ࡣ
ٲãҲǿ䣬ϡпᣬҲȲһͨĿмֵⶫŵʨǵᣬĳһˣƾԴ洢ƬǼֵǲɹġ
ֺöǲӶģԪע뿨Ҳ΢΢һЦҹĿȻƬԶʹĶ࣬Ҳв٣Ԫнţ￨Ҳв٣һЩĿƬ
󿨣ĪǾһ沼õĿ󣿡˵⿨Щ棬Ѿˣ䶼챻ˣ澹Ȼ˿֪档
˿ҹ䵱е󿨲࣬һһšһʦ򿨣ȻⶫĹؼ
㾹ȻɱҹԪļսʿĶ÷ʱŷһԪļ޵еĴڣȻƬ֮ͽնɱ
ȻʵӮʮֽңƾ򵽵ԪǺھļռƣôúܿ
ʱ򣬶÷ͻȻʲôæǰɱԪļҹսʿ˵ĿԾϼ㣬鸽ĻʱҲǱɣǱ鸽壬ǺʶҲᱻĨɱҾΪ˲ƴҪӳôһܰϼȳ
⼸仰÷˵ķǳȻΪ׻ɱҹԪļսʿвһ˿ϣ
óûһ˿һļװȻϼĹϵǳģ֮ǰ֮ô˵϶ԼܳɹڿԼɱҹԲŻ̻¶
ʵϣԶ÷иո˵ĻȤ
ո˵ʲô˼Ϊʲô鸽ͻ鸽Ĩɱʶʲôż˵
˭ʱҪ侲
Ƕ÷ȻҲ֪Լ֮ǰ̫ƽһŵģҺϼ㻹⼸ö壬ν壬ǿԱҹŷ鸽ġ¯ҲԿǼ塣壬ϱȻضӡǣ
һ˵÷һؿڵ·һҵ¶ͦ׺ͱκ˵Ŀ⣬ǿҲԳһ£Ǻܿ죬Ϳڶ÷ؿϷһӡǡ
뵽ϼϵӡǣȥȫһ
һ£÷ⶫ첻˼١
Ǽñһκʱ򣬶ʮҹսʿأһʼʲô֪Ǻ棬֪һЩҲ͵͵ѧЩҹ˵ԣҲΪˣǲڼǰܡ򵥵˵ֻһǱ鸽壬һ֪һʮܱ鸽ֻһʱûбģʽϱҹɱԱΨһԣ壬ʶҲᱻʶռĨɱһˣ
÷Ľţһˣһ䣬Щ嵱涼ʲôöȻ˶񶾵ʶν֮ŮҲʲôöȻôɳȡĨɱʶ
֪ЩǴ⣬һҪϼȳ
֮ǰϼҶΪʲôΪİȫǧҪˮҪҸܣ˵֪϶᲻ϧһд۾˵ǻûʲôֻҪܰȫͺáҿܻɱԪļҹսʿ˵ʵ̫ҳԾˣĿԾȳϼ㣬ҲŸЩ
˵ͷ÷ϤҹǣȻӳ˵ͿԴԼǱȥֻҹڿ϶Ǽǿķ»Ҫƻһ¡
ʱҹܵҹ˿϶֪ﲻܾ뿪˵
һԵڱ˴˿Ҳ֪Ѿ⣬ԺܺùͼھƵꡣ
ֺݺʱ㿪ųȥֻǵźȴһ㶣϶ʱ¶˿־ɫ
ôˣ缱æǰһҲĿɿڴ
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ն÷˵ģֻֿСʦܽ⵹൱ˣԼʹһʦ򿨣Ϊʦǻᱻһֱڴ˴
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˵ʧܣͻװ˷һһʦ򿨣ҲΪԭҹһֱûʹãǴȵаճɹʱá
ֻϣ˭뵽һԪļĸ־Ȼﱻնɱһʦ򿨣Ҳ͵
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ûˣҡҡͷֵյСֻ̽ЩϢһ͵͵ģһǸûϢǺϢûϢ˵ûбץ
ϼ˵ͷ˵ʲôʱͻȻһ죬ͬһ㡣
ô£˶һ㶣һͻȻ̧ͷҿǾڣ
̧ͷһſڷ˺ܴı仯ǰֻͬһ㣬Ǵ˿̣ȻǷ·ͬˮһʵ塣
ʵϾˡ
˿̣ҹɭΧľڵȷʵ廯ˣͬˮһ㣬κﶼͨڽҹɭ֡
ͼھƵ굱УռֺݺҲ䣬æ²˻ȥ
ͼھƵ֮꣬ǰµǸ俨У˿ڱ÷Լ綼ڣ֮⣬һֻ˵Ԫؾ顣
ԪؾȻڱǸݣҲǶʵǿԪؾ֮һ˿ԪؾȻأţڱһЩ˿
֮ǰǵȲȴ䷢˵Ԫؾ鰲ݵڱ̽뵽俨У֪ΨһҴԪؾ顣
ˣڷ仯ˣֺݺǾ˲֪ΣԪؾ鰲󣬲ŵܿǾڵģֻкǣ˳׼ŭǣȻǲķѾ޴۷ڡ
һ뵽һȥص뵽¸òйϵɣ
ʮ⣬վһôϵͷյľҲĿɿڴڴ£ʮʬ壬ЩΧѰ̶֣Щ࣬ʵǿҲߣûл֮¾ͱɱһ֪ԷԺǵū
Ҳ֪˺Ѿʼȫ׷ɱԼվھΪ˲Լߡ
ϧǲ֪Լߡ
ֻǱǴΧɱҲͷ۲ѣҲЩϮе֪ǵĺʹѾԼһƬǽһ˸뵽һ¥УϵѹĻΧγɺΧ
ʱͷķһʾѡһߡ
ǰŸߣ漸Ƥɫս͸ϵ
ŵϵūʬ壬ʹŭ׷ǸһﻹûԶڸ֪ū϶ԪʶֻҪɱǵˣǾȷλá
ǿ׷ȥ
ʱƤûգȫսжȹġ
ǵ׷ɱǵķԼһ㣬ѹΧ
Ҳֻ֣ҪԼһͺǵ˽Է֪̾ԼλãӶ
мΣһ㱻źɫսĺʹ׷˵ΪʦؼʱΧĻǺͶȻǱԷΧ
Ȼֽ׶ΣʵǣʹҲδػ£ϾʹԪļڸ߶˴ڣβ׷ԼĺʹԳ֣һסܶܲˡ
ʱﲻսܣȻƣ˺ۣʵսȴࡣ
ĹƣԼڼһʹҲƴ൱ߵĺʹռһơǰ붼£ϾֻԪתԪҲԪ
֮ĳ̣һǣòȴǶһݴԵпʳ
Ȼûۿ֪ڿṩԼܵ򲻶ˣǵʵȷ൱ֲһγ˲ٺʹŬ١
ЩūʹƣʵԪձģԪв٣Ȼ壬Ͼ˫ȭѵ֣һסûеһʱӳΧȦʹͻ̸ԼΧɱ
·ʱٻϾԪ̫ǿҲ̫̫ױֻ֣ôķԼ̽·˵ûδֵܼڡ
ʳﻹûг꣬ͷϰķͷ˾
һߡ
ֻǸףͷֲԾһأһΣϮرԼĸоȴǽûʵʵĲȥһֱʩչ׷硣
һ̣ǰʮףո׼ŵĵطͻȻðһΧ


һʮ 
ͷһ֪壬ԼϰģԻᱻ׸ţΧԼѵĸ죬һҪӳϼѡ
˷ͻȻðʮֳĺƤˣǵūһɱ
ЩƤͬǺǵūѾ֪ںУūŬֺƤ˱֮һ
ӵиͣǿսΣճ̶ȾԱͬҪöࡣ
ЩƤ˻ûһЩ͹˹
شͻæʩչ׷磬ȴûߣɱЩƤˡ
ôһζӴҲǰ취ҲҪ뷨ǵɱЩ壬ǲһȡ˴ҹõһѱġѿСȻûкھǰǿ󣬵ʤ
һȥǰһƤ˱ǱɱʬһΪѪ죬Ľ
ЩƤˣûзӹͨ򵥵ķ
һߣһһ׺ĺƤһӣֻԱֻЩūҪġ
ӰЩū;ͱķ
һ˦һѷɵɱͷĺƤˡ
ӣսЩϮĺƤȫɱɨսȥʰȡսƷԶݡ
̵ʱڣźɫսĺʹ͸˹
ˣļһ⼸ʱ䣬ɱϰūˣͷĺʹ޵ҧгݣץԷҲǰ״
޷ڵ·ӣʱȻƤǲܽͷ֮ޡ
ʱһԪǴͷĺʹһ̧ץ˹
ȻһͨѶ
һǺʹ˿ĭȻ൱
һѾ֪£ҪǱ뽫ץҲҪȥˣʹɳƣȻʮ־Ǹһš
һ֣еĺʹǽޱȣȻҹɭǿޱȣ˸ǵĺʹҲо֮ˡ
ˣǺʹһһš
ʮţĺˣǸһӲǼ׷⣬ɸĺƤΧɱƤūȻ󣬵ʵūҪǿܶ࣬ʱҲ˲ˣ
˵꣬ʹٴȡͨѶƤˡ
ʱ䣬ңɻİ뾶ѾôȥȻᱻٵΧ
ʱ򣬱˵һֻļֻҲá
֪Լ뷨ͻΧˡ
ΪѾʧȥ˷Уټľߴ󣬿ȥһԵڣԼںδ֪
ָָ·û뵽һһֱڶȣҹɭֻԼϤȻָϡ
˼ȴǿǰһ·أֻѾϰٺƤˡ
лʹ
۾һԼײ֮¿ܵ˵һΧ㣬ֻҪͻͬǽԷİΧȦ˺һӣǶʱڶԷ㲻ҵԼ
뵽һݣ̼١
ܿ죬ʹϰٺƤ˾ͷһʹȡһſƬ
৵һ£ſƬһߣ֪ǶȻͨѶҲ˵༸ӣĵ˾ͻϵ
ٲԥȡͬʱҲɭҲٻ˳һ£ѾԼٻﵽ˼ޣͻΧ£ôùľԼˡ
ļһ֣ǰȥʮĺƤٹĳײֱܣЩƤȻﵽԪļ赲Ƭ̵ûС
ײȥĺƤٿйѾѣеײ飬һƬƬѪ
ϼĹǴ̺ܶ࣬ټͺٶȣ˵˭ײ˭ù
ڹ棬Ƭ̾ͳ뵽С
סԲˣһʹȡſƬٻֻﵽԪֻ޴ĺԳͼĳ档
ֻԪԪļ̫࣬һھҧһֻԳֻҲڹĳײȥ
ǿ˿չ¶ţȻɱеˣҪߣȴûס
ЩƤ˲ùǹǴ򲻹ȴǽìͷ׼ֻҲĶúھ󽣻ɱһ⣬ķǲϸӳֻʯ
ʱʹҲǳ׼ʱ̳һΧʮ׷ΧڶС
ʱһҽдһʹһ붾أǱݺݵײڵϣԷǿĻף˿ҲȴǳᣬӶеĺھ󽣣ʩչ½һ½Էնɱ
Ȼɱһʹû˿ûдԵĿװǿͻΧ
˿̣һʹȴǳûһն
ͶϤץźھ󽣵ĽתԪһ֣صһ죬Ѻھ󽣺ݺݵײһ
ϵĻԪײŷһǣĴҽһЩľմȾ̱ճɻҽֻоֱ飬ĺھЩ֣ؿڸǷ·ѹһʯһ㣬֪ˣֻһʹҲܣȻҪĺ࣬ȴǲ׷ˡ
ȻʵԤϡ
ֻԪôܺһԪļƴ൱ʹõҲǻ潣ĪǣҲ˻ԪѾ򵽻Ԫһ㣬ԷԪӲһ˵ڶ㣬ǵ㣬鷳ˣʹ˵ֻȻСֹ򵽵ڶ㣬ֱ򵽵㣬ֻʹⷽˣϾǿһźʹҲ򵽻ԪĲѡ
ʱ˰ΧȦһƬһͷ˽ȥҵ飬ԷѾųͨѶЩʹĶֻҪӾܸϵԼˣʹ׷ϣ롣
ţҲֻһոպʹӲһ½ȻˣȻʵԵͺʹɱǷȱһЩ
ԪȼԼһؼ
ʮӲͣ£ȴҲ̲סһѪˮ֮󣬸оȴǺ˲٣ʹͺʹ֮ʵǧ
ȡŶ˿ԼʹúźһЩ˹Լɭ棬һӡ
һСʱȥȴķ֣ǰһɽ
ûɽ˵һƬСɽɽΧɽһǣģҹԼ³Ƕ޼ͨ嶼Ǻɫ͸һĸڳ⣬һһĺƤ塣
һĪǾǺǣ
Լ׷ɱ˵·ӣױǣ˿˿̴ӺǳĺƤ˵ٴﵽ٣ԪľʮĶԪԪһģϹҲǶ֡£ʹ뿪
˼۷˻ԼΪʲô뷨ӻǣôһ׻ôΣյĵطȫĵط


һʮ Ů
˵ӹ˺׷ɱ⼸ҲûкúϢ˶ڣôȥҪ׷ϣɲΪԼһԿǣԿԶĺǣͻȻ뵽ԼΪʲô뷨Ӷ㵽
νºڣԼȥʱЩʹԲ뵽Լ㵽ǵϳԼԵõϢᣬֻҪϰϤһ£ʱϹҲδزܺͺ诡
Ҷ˵ҪǾȳϼʱ䣬֮ŮҲʮʱ䣬ԼҪʡ
뵽ѾǴ⣬ȴ͵͵ȥΡ
˿̣һƤ˴Ӻ߳ЩƤ˴ŴֲڵĿףһɢȳ֮ͬҰһ㡣ЩƤٺȴǲɻȱӵǿɺܶҵĹΪͷԼ򵥣Ҳױơ
һƤ˸ոճ˺ǣŵһƤ˱ǸоһʯԴϡ
Ƥ˱ǴŭͷԼ򵥵̻ͷȥȴǿһԲݴһӰ
һƤ˹ȥǱ߾Ȼվһλʹ
Ƥͷټ򵥣ǶںʹļҲǼΪ̣ǰͨݼʹˣ
ֻƤ˻û̧ͷ͸оһۣǳ˺ڰС
˻ѿУȻϺʹװȻոƤ˵ľԷֱ֮ü˷ѿɱƤˡ
ƤϵףȻԼϡ
ҪǣȻҪװһµģȻװʹʶƵĿ̫󣬱ϾҲͶʮʹƤȴǳǧҪװװֲױʶƵĽɫȽϺá
ϺƤ˵ףȥѾʲô޷Ĵ״̬Լ֮ڣȻ͵͵£ʱ򣬺һ뿪ǳûȥ
ʱһرߴһǺƤͳ˿һޱȥ̺ʲô
ͷһãֻʱٰɺƤˣȻǲӲֻ˹ȥ
ʹǳȥΧ˵ˣܣͳҲ߲Ķȥȴʵƺȴ͡
˿ֻӲͷƤһѹˣ
ʵϣ治ΪŵܳɹֻĿɿڴǣͳ쾹Ȼǵͷ׳գûôսӾͺˮĳһȥã
ô׾ͺŪȥˣ
һǣһ߰뵽ſżſƬһ֪ػ߿ƬһһԪ̽֪ǾǷϣԼǼٰͼĺƤˣðӰһӽЩŹֵԪ̾ͻ¶ڡ
ϾӰǴӺװȻа취
ſڻվһЩǿ׳ĺƤֻҲû֮󣬲͵͵ܵһ˵Ľ䣬ףȻϰӰΡ
һ֮Ѿ˺ǵ
Ǻܴ󣬷Ϊʹͳνײ㣬סĺڣǺӺκһλöԿȷǷǳΰū򣬺дū򣬰ࡢƤˣҹԼһЩûм塣
ȻЩϡٵΪԲҪսһЩģֵؾЩһԿǼ󣬵ֻвһףֻ첲ȴõĹװƷ
˿ݳ֣ںУǧˣλ߲ͣȴΪŴͷԡ
ͬһںϵСᣬūڣū˱ɺʹ´֮⣬ū֮以ཻףõľԪԪĻҡ
˿ͨūģһƬںﵹûԼĸʾͬʹ뵽׷ɱ˸Ǳ뵽ǵС
һ뵽ЩһﻹҹɭԼʮʹ졣
УʹūֻҪÿṩԴԪװʳȣ¸֡Ҳ˵ūҪ棬Լ
һЩūۼĵطкܶūʳ̯㣬һʱ̯һЩԼζ
ﶫأΪõأЩʹӦҪѲǣҲԲ뵽ԼĿŵ̯
㣬ؼ죬Ȼ͵͵뿪ǣֱӵҹȳϼ
˼ʱͻȻһ
ζǺرʳһץһ
̧ͷһǰվһŮŮʮƯȥ಻ʮ꣬ݰףüĿ续ʮֻ䣬Ϊ߰·ָ߸ϸĴڣ˿˫ţȻֱſСҧһڡ
㶣ŮĶģ
ܿ죬ŮǸɾ·ͻˣںūвŲɾƯŮҲûرġ
ǵū֮䣬ͬ彻ףһЩûʲôʵģֻΪģѡֽףһñɽҲΪ棬Ȼ˲࣬ҲУСʱǰͼһŸɾŮԺһƤֵ뿪
ǰŮϸƤ⣬ɾֻ࣬Ҳÿ棬ΪֻпˣŻᴩ˸ɾ࣬ūǲһ궼ܴһ۹
뵽ȴﷺһ˿ں࣬ʵҲܲף˵ŵ磬ʨǣͺòŮҲҪ£٣ҪЩ彻ס
˼룬ǺŮȻ֪뷨ȴǿʵһ
˵ţȡһŵԪʱŻع˰Цã͸ˣ
ΪŮΪƶ壬ôԪǺŮԪҲ΢΢һ㶣ȻйҲͷһˣҲٶͷһְ̯ġ
ﶼǶթΪ˵伫Ѹ˵ͷһμ
ŮûмʣǸ߰ޱȣתߣһٻӰ
ʱȴǿһһƤ˹ĸǸŮ뿪
кܶĽ䣬Ϊ߼﷢κ¶֪ûã֮ǰ뿪̯λǸŮѾһһƤ˶µ䡣


һʮ 
СƤ춼ϹεͿˮˣͽˣڹһ£÷ȣŮһ䣬ǸЦ֮ɫ
ǺƤһ׾ϣΪǿ׳˿̶ǰŮֱˮȴɻ÷ɶ˼
һˣһֱǱ˵ūţ죬ҾҪشүСһúź򣬲Ȼ֪ģһЦȴ׼ǰ
ǰվŵĺŮȴһϸԿĹŹɫ
ҪȥʱһԴ͹ڵأһԵĺƤ˻ûӦͬǸӰһ¿Դ
ͻɱֵȻһһ޲ԪһеҪԸֱҲһ򱧲ƽˣ˵ڱ׷ɱﻹ㰲ȫֻҪɱ˻֤ݾûκ£Ҫ֪ǵūÿ춼ģ˷Ҳʲôע⡣
ǺŮҲֻ˳ְһ£Ҵ˿׺Ƥ˵ףǺŮҲϲԼ
ɱˣûκε飬ʬ̾뿪ҲûкͺŮкһ˵ĵطٻɭ棬ʬ̳ԣʬ𼣡
ֻ֪֮ǺŮ뿪ķ򣬾Ȼ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڶ죬ճǸط̯Ϣ֮ǰܵѾ˴룬˵˿˿ҲҪҩϵģûضļֲҩҲƻָҪһЩ
мȬˣֻҪȵ֮Ů֮ǰ뿪ǸϵҹǾͿԣҾʮ죬źǵѲȻСܶ࣬Ҳô̽Ϣ
ǵūÿ춼Ҫ̶ĵصϽһԪ겻ĻᱻͷԪ࣬ÿ콻ɼԪûκġ
ڳ̯λ֮ͿʼĿ󿨵ûһӦȴһǸŮվǰ棬һ߰ƺκ¶һѾץһ
һΣûԪ£ҲûҪ
ΪͻȻһ⣬ƺСŮ飬ٴҲŵǰŮ·ûһ￴һ˿һĿ־塣
һ£ԼֵʱŮһûУûһڱַŮ
һʱ䣬һֻֿܣһŮǸ׳գһ֣һ֣ǴﵽԪΪһһޣԲŲ¡
ֻǼˣܵʲôĪ˾Լ
ҡҡͷܣͬʱѾųһ˿ԪӦһ£ָŮĵף²¶ɫҲû˵
ŮҲûߣǶ׵ߣȻ޳ָ
ʲôʶʵ
ɱõĵʱԶҿõʲôоܷ뿴Ů˵
ʲô˼Ҳ֪˵ʲôһ棬װͿĻشֻ˿Ѿˣ֪Լ¶ˣŮһز¶ǲ֪ʲôϳԼͬʱԼǷ£˵ģŮȥ淢һǵЩʹע⵽ԼȻᱻ֡
ʱԼ֣ŮҲӦֶԱ
ֻ˵ʲôҲûˣǴװͿҲҲûӡ
Ҽǵζ㣬㲻ҿҾȥ淢㣬Ҫ֪ںūɱūҲǴ˹涨ҪģŮ¶һЦݣȻв
һ̣һҪڵĳ嶯ֻȻܣԷ϶ǲͷ˵ģﵽūֵĺǷǳء
ô˵ҲҾ㣬ôʵЩ𱨡侮ʯ˵ǺŮ𱨣侮ʯȤ㲻Ըóˡ
˵꣬Ůֱ뿪ʱҲ˿Ů治֪ô죬뿪ˡ
Ҳ˸ѣڶװ绻һͷȻֻһطֻ̯û뵽ûһԼ̯λǰֳǸŮ
ˣԷ˵ǵԼζȻģҪȻԼ·ֻ˵طӦҲŶԡ
ץһԣûҪҲû˵һߣ˵Ҳֵ徲Сʱ󣬺ŮԹ뿪
춼ˣ̯ǺŮеʱ˵仰еʱһԲĸоʮֹ¶˭ҲûܹԼһһ죬˵öһЩ޹ʹĻ
Ҳںֵطǵһ򣬿˵Լʵȥ磬Ҳūһһԣʱ䳤ˣȻᱻƷ衣
Ů϶ˣûѣûп˵ˣǾԼɿҲϲܡҲֵϣһһ˵仰ѡ
˵ʮ죬ǺŮ׼뿪ʱȴǽסʵҲˣʲô
ŮΪ⣬Ĭã
ҽóϲһ͸ˣ˦ȥһſƬζȡٿ
ǺŮҲûоܾƬ·쾭壬Ȼһ¶΢Ц˻֣Ȼ첽ȥ
һֱģ˵һЦͦÿġ
̾˿Ѿʮʱˣͻָˣ֮ԸŮһȴΪ̾Ҫ뿪ǡ
Ȼ˵Ҳһ
֮ŮٵѾûмˣ⼸Ѿ̽ϢǶԼΧΪЧѾǷ˺ܶ࣬˿뿪ʱ
˿Ѿںʮ˽⣬Сʱ󣬾ͻһЩƤռϣ֪ԼԳʱ뿪
һСʱѾں֮⣬ںŪһҹɭֵĵͼ˿óȶһ·򣬱򶫹ȷȥΪҪȥҹǣȷǱؾ֮·Ȼ·Ϳڱǻڲ
糣˵ڶ죬ûע⵽̯˲ˣֻһע⵽
ȻǺŮ
˿̣һֻȴûпǸ̯λɫһ䣬طվŵ˼СʱûпҪҵˣȴתߡ
Ůһ·ߵֻкʹܽǰ˵˽ȥŵ
ߺţŮȻʮֲãǰ߹һʹ
ǺʹæܶȻһŴˣԸ
ҸˣŮֶ˵


һʮ ֲ
ϵͼھƵʱѾһԺ֮ǰõ俨ڣֻڱȴӰ
俨һʯͷѹһֽڱǵԣԭǵȲԼʮ죬Ȼȥ֮Ůʱĵص㣬дţ̸
ֽϣһ׵ͼעλãдӺǹĵͼ꾡ͼھƵϹȥҲʮ๫
ﻹдڱǻΧ죬ȲǾͻ뷨ҹɭ֣Ȼ֪϶ҪȥϼԲŻðȸϹȥ⣬ڱȳһҴԪؾ飬ΪԪؾڣǲŸðǰ
뿪ѾһʱˣҺ֮ŮٵӣҲ飬ֽ俨ջأȻٸڡ
λ³Ǻҹ֮䣬ڴ֮ǰ÷˵ƺҹʥޱȣͬееĽһǼΪʥĵطȻ֮Ůִ£ֵطʡ
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һĻ֪ãٲԥϼڣͬʱȡʮؿ
֮䣬׷Χڱ㱻֡
ڶУ͹ֱֵҹ廹嶼ҽǴﵽԪļսʿҲѵֵֶϮһʱ侹Ȼ
ᣬʩչ׷磬ֻƬ̾͵ϼǰǰ滹мԪĵˣӶھȫնɱ
ϼȥˣȡѿнѿмΪ࣬ϼԪսʿսҲƾѹԷһͷ
ϼ֪ʱ˵µʱ̵ͷȥ
ոյһģ˵˫Ѿ˺ˣȻ֪ǵѪҺǸԲлᷢʲôҲǺ£ٶȸ졣
ܿ죬ҹ嵱Ԫļսʿһӣֱӭϣս⼸Ԫļսʿ
ΧסԲߣֻҪѡ彵٣ǱɣϪϴ˿̼еһȴһ
Ϫϱ˻Ƕսթֱһףһף͵͵ָʹѪҺԲҲҪӲӲ
ʵϼĸоһѪҺһԲ̣ȻһЩõ£û˿ԥͶ֡뵽ڵǸԼڲЩά֯˵ѪҺġ
˿͹ŵˣϼѾ嶼һǱߵȲֻǽԼߵ˴ԭĸһոձһʸкּս֮£һЩġ
ʱͻȻоһԪٲԥ󿨡
ոոоһԪǴڲǸɢģ㺦ԼԪ
һ̻һԪɢвõĹȫ
һʱ䣬ϰٹͬʱȻͬըһ㣬ڲ˲ݻ١
ľҷɣŰҲܵһҵ𶯣вһɻƼӲƤľ졣
ըƤмĽÿһ鶼׸ߣ޴ޱȣͬʯһ£ҹ˲أ˲䣬Χͬĩһ㾰
ȻĲԻĹôܣһ͵ȵ࣬ôЩ˿̣ϪҲ޷侲ɫޱ䡣֮ǰ϶ܲÿҲ˵ǽȴǲпġ
ҹսʿ˿Ҳͣ˹ĿɿڴĿһĻ
˵ʵ֮ǰ˵ǳְŰɵ̬ȣе˸ţһ̣ǲòš
һ˲䣬ҹĸ߲жһ˿⡣
ֻ˵Ҳˡ
õ淨籩Ϲ󱬷ŵвֱӱʮɻһЩҹսʿǻûֱӻΪҽвҲĳ飬֮Ĳλը顣
һ޴ľ۶ϵ죬㿪ʼбһƳϣϢϵݶʼɢӣĻԽԽҪ˶ãͻٻٱ顣
ǿߣҲû뵽ԼõǽٹȻҹ嶼һĻ˿ִ̲ʱ
ϼ˿Ѿ˹󱳣ҲһԾϣԹ޴Ҫ⼸Ҳ¡
һԾ·ȥ
׷˲ݣϪϿɫĺ
ŲЩ˵뷨ƹ¡ѾҳһţľмƬһЩΧĴԭҹҲ˲أʣûĸոΧͱһķɣ赲
ԶڱѾӦæк뿪ҹҾ֣ʺͻΧȵЩعҪǾϼˡ
ͷ˿޴Ѿбв̹ŰȻЩ󷢻ӳ˼ΪֲҪ˶ͻᵹ
ôЩģϼǼҲͷ˾޴иǲɺĴڣû뵽ȻԽ޴ƻ̶ֳȡ
ûлشԭĹ㵱УԼõĿ˲佫ݻ٣ڿԼǸ߹˿Ͼ̫ˣЩǷȱһЩȻڼûг׵Ҳ˵еǾ޴ӦҲš
еĴ󻼣Դ˿ģֻӵԽԶԽá
ߣ˵꣬˷ٿ񱼣ܳȥңһֲľ죬ǵضҡһ𶯡
ˣ
֪˭˵һ䣬ʱ΢һЩֵģ£ҲȻἷѹ顣
һ·񱼣ֱһСʱͣϢ˿˶ǻͷٺĸоȴ൱
Ǽ壬ˣԭΪԼɣȴû뵽ܻ
û뵽ƴ˸ƣϪʵڿɶû뵽Ů˽ƻգһǵǲҲǣ˿˵
ͬ˵ģǸϪģҲἤ󿨣ʱΣǹǿӳѡ
磬ҲˣͼھƵҲûˣûеطȥԺȥģǾ͸ȥġʱǼչ˵ȻѾͿݺˡȷĩ磬ûпɽȥǿ˸˼
磬ҺͰݴҲԸߣڱԪؾ鰲ʱҲ˹ԴǺܻӭڱͰ֪ʶԪҩ֪˿Ժϴó
ϼ㣬ǼҲߣϼһ÷Ҳ˵֪ӵһƵĳǱΪҹɭ֣ȻԸȥͬĵ̡
ԸߣǶӭ»Ҫ뷨뿪ҹɭ֣˿ͷѾյľڹ֣ȴǰͷۣȳϼֻǵһΰѺǵ׷ɱ⾧ڹ뿪֮ء
ͺǱҹһ𶼲
ʱһ벻鷢ˣͷһֱյľڹ֣˿̾ȻǷһ죬˷ա


һʮ һæ
һĻҲЩţǺܿͷӦһ£ٶ˵ˡ
һǾͿֱ뿪ҹɭ֡
ϣͬʱٻɭ棬͹һ𣬷ֱһľڹֳȥ
·Ԫɭ棬ԪļĹ·ҹɭеҰҿ˵ٶȷɿ죬ֻһСʱң͵˾ľڹǰ
˿ֻҪڹ֣Ϳ뿪ҹɭ֡
ʱУȴǻͷһۣͻȻϼ˵ߣ
˵ֱԾ¹
ϼ֪Ե޹£ֻԸ뿪ѾԺٺֿҲԾ£һԵվ
˲ʱҲѯʣֻǰԸг˾ڹ֡
˿ֻ̣ʣϼϼ£ЦЦҲûֹ֮£ȴǸӦһϤԪһԪѷǵС
һ̣лһ˫֣ͦصĺŮ
˿̺ŮƮƮ·о飬ֻУÿһȴ·Կʮ׵ľ룬ֻƬ֮͵ǰ
ôˣΪԾȻͨԪӦ֪˭ŮʱǾЩ˼顣
ʱٴҲ֪Բʲôūʹո߹ٶȣͱԼеԪļֶҪ
ĸ֣ôū
֪ǰȻĳֶصʵԼ̽
֮󣬵һ۲ǿǿϼüͷ΢΢һ壬ֻҲֻǿһۣ㲻ٹע
ֹ͸Ľ˿¶ɡ
Ϊʲô𣿡ĻԼ࣬ƺ˵һֵķϻ
֪ԷָʲôȴЩεʱҲǶ׷ɱ㣬мҪ
Ľͣŵһ˵ʼ䣬ֻŮȴǵ˵ͷȻͬĽ͡
ģȴ˵ޱȵĻ㲻£Ժǲ׷ɱˣ
һӦ˵󻰣뵽ò˰ɣ
ֻܿƷֿЦĲ²⣬ǲܣǿޱȣôܱôֻʣһֿܣúǷԼ׷ɱ
֪Լɱʹͺ֮޷ĳޣ˭ȻúǷԼ׷ɱ
ͻȻ뵽Ī֮ǰһֱյľڹͻȻҲйأ
뵽Ѿһ˿²⣬Ȼֻкƿ߲ȨúǷԼ׷ɱҲֻƿ߲ڵķ
ұģǰֻһ֣Ǿһţ˵ƺӦʲôͷһۣȴͷҲصĵһ㻵ҵļƻֻǲһ㣬ߵǸ׸뿪£Ҫһæ
һ㶣ѯʣȴҲǸӦһɼΪаǿԪڿ
ɫһ䣬ϳˣһаԪеǸҴ˿̣һԪʮӴ֪̾ˣû뵽ԼĶˡ
ڣѾԶһЩľƺʲôֲĶײ׷׵£ֹ죬֪̬ȴǻͷһϼֻϼ˿ѾȡһѹɫᶨĿ
֪Լʱ˵ʲôҲ뿪ġ
ˣ˲ҪңٴüͷһץץſƬ
һſƬһֻھһſƬǱһֳַȵķʦģˣֻū;ȻǸߴϣϵԪֱϢ
Ԫ弶Ӧū͵ǿоȣʶǴﵽԪ弶ū͡
벻ȻӵԪ弶ū͡
ôʲôȼ
ʱȻǶһ䣬ͬʱ㲻һʦ𣿿㲼üһҪǶסԲˣ
ʶԷô֪Լʦ£æһ̾ˣ澹Ȼȫ󿨣мϡ󿨡
ʯݡпռ䡯
ԶԽԽսǸ
˿ٲҵ飬ǲһԡʯݡΪĵͬʱвһԽпռΪĵĹ
Щ󿨵ĵȼܸߣֻȴֻһʦԲóĿֻһ󣬺Ϊõ󿨸߼ҲС
Щ˵Ǻķ˴Ԫ֮Ѿͷˮ
ȼеֻܴպˣҲֻǿõɫ˵һ䣬ȴΪΡ
˿Χ׷ΧΧסֻҪ˽ΧͿԴһʲôԽС
Զ춯ԽԽ죬ԽԽǰĲҽ
ϼΪ壬Ŀǿ˿ƺӦʲôɫɷףȴǺС˵һ䣺Ǹĺ˶ˣ
һ֪ǸľǺʹֻһ·ЩͿˣǸĹеǸʹΪʲôҪϧ
˿е̫࣬϶ֻ֪ƢŹ֣֪᲻˵
ڣûǸײһž޴ľ󣬳ǰ
һϰΪˣ°ΪͳĹϰУǼеһֻǴ˿̣ѾѪɫͷɢһ˫ڵͫɢſֲɱ
ȻνʽѾɣƻҲûֹԷɹֻҹ֪ٻôһֲ
һۣ֪ⲻƲ磬˵ʱڳҹ嶼ɱˣԲԼܶԸģǼϹҲС
һ̧֣Ѿ뿪ڵĹٻ˻ô˵ԼĿǰյǿսԼһˣƬ̶ֵˡ
һ̣ǰ˰Ĺ￴ϼһֲ˻У
סǰ˵˿Ҳɫţ̼͹Χɫϱһܲ͸ʯ
֮⣬һǹֻпĽȴ̲ǹƤ
˿ϵԪҲǱŴһһѾǵǹǰٶȣͱȵ׷ˣֻ׷һֿƬҪķѴԪͬ·һʩչȻҪ̫ࡣ
һ̣еĽѾǼȥ˺ѿһХУͼһǰ˰һ֫㱻նϡ


һʮ ʧҹɭ
ǹʹ˫ӦȴǼ죬˲һĵ津־ն˹ȥǵ津߰׳֮˻Ĵͬһնϣֻٶȸ죬ڿһԾĶ֮ܿǰٻǸԪ弶ķʦūͣ˿Ѿ㼯һֱ۴ϸǷϣһӻ˹ȥ
һǿԪļҲǻǹϣȻֻöԷƬ̡
Ƭʱ䣬ȴȻԾ˫ŵΧĴϽͬһһ¾͵ǹͷȡһĸݺݵǹĶͷϡ
һſƬһĶͷ̷һɿֲһԪӹ뵽һſƬС
ǹ̲ҽУʼȻð̣津裬Χκ嶼ƻȻ˱ŭУκ˶޷ֻǼˣҲ޷ѶͷϵĿƬ
һߣǿ׳ſƬһɫԪ뵽ͷĸС
ʱҲˣȻǴ㽫ֲĹƳ￨Ƭ
Ƭ֮ǹˣֻʱ֮ǰµ͹󷢻ãȻ޷ΣȴǿӻĶʯ󣬸ǳײûб顣
˿̸ǿ׳һЩƬӿɡ
ײʯݳ飬ЩҲſı顣
֮ǰӻȻ˴ãﻹûһǣһԪǾ޴Ĺ㱻׵뵽һſƬС
ǰƮڿеһɢſֲԪĿƬץ
ڵˣ
ץһſƬ¶е΢ЦȻӴʱ䲻֪ĸˣЦ֮⣬ȻһΪƿʦ
˵ģҪٴﵽԪ弶ԪĹ￨Ƭ±˵û˵
ոյսûκóΨһҲǲ󣬾Ҫ󿨶ģҲûΣּսҲȷԼܲ͵ġ
ȡ˿ƬȻãŤͷ
˵һҪлл㣬ԭļƻǴе壬Ϊȫշģû뵽ȻҲ㽫ˣûȫɹ˼壬ûȫ壬ǽ
룬ƺ뵽ʲôһ£±⣬ôȻû˸ҡԭˣҶƽȥˣҰԭļƻУ类ˣԡĿĲΪңΪ︴ⶨȻͨԪΪʲô
ͻȻ뵽ʲôȻɫ䡣
ãǰһòҪҵϻȥ˿ͻȻ÷ǳţһֵȻȫͬ
˿̣һȴǵҲˣ뿪ҹɭ֣зǳȥˣղŸĿºˣһСǼȻѣһ仰һǿסԪ弶£ϣ
˵һȻʧ١
ȻлʣҲ֪һʲô£ȴǼæϼˣ˾ڹ֡
ǸճȥƬ̣ȻǷ˺¡¡һ죬ͷһ亹
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ǰ֮ǰӳڱǣҲǱǰһĻˣһ˵
뿪ʧҹɭ֣òŴƳĬһͷ뿪ҲǼæϡ
һ·ϣû˵һ仰ΪĹ̡
ļ仰·ǴߣܴѾһµĲ²⣬²Ҳ޼
ȣҹɭֵĳ֣϶йأԲͨˣܿܲ࣬˵һţҲ˵ǺƿߣһѾʡ
ǺǶʮʹһĺʹ
ʹĿȻͬһ壬ƺЩʹҲֻӶѡ
ҹɭֳܿΪһĿģǾѰʮ壬ã¾ҪǸеĶ
ֻǶʲôɲ֪뵽ԷʶԼʶмǸֲŮˣ˵ǶԷı塣
ʶǸŮĳ֣ȷͬ˵һ˰ΪƣǸŮԪżĴڣּĹ֮ͿԽԼһɵ
ĿģΪеĶ֣ȻƷԷ˵ã塢ҹ嶼ӡ
ֻܿҲĳ˵ӣ֪Լ׼Ըĵжôǿ󣬿˵Լ֣ƻҹŪģһǸȫ壬ʱ򣬱˵ҹɭ֣ҲȻᱻǹݻ١
ƺͨĹؼԲż뿪Ǵҹɭ֡
뵽˵òҪصȥҪʵֻ˵Ԫ弶¶ϣһЦԼڲԪҪԪ弶֪¡
Ǹһ䣬ںʲôʱټҲֻ֪ú˯һ
뿪ҹɭֵ棬紩ͬ磬ɵ棬ȻҲԪֲҹɭģֱֻûݡ
ܿ죬һ˾ҵһسǷ棬ΪӽҹǾʹϢ
̾Ĺ಻Ԫ׾ͱ˻ɱ
һ·ϼ΢չûжʲôһ¼ƺҲǳɳ˺ܶ࣬ϣһͬʱڱ֡ǼÿһŶ¶ԼˣȻǲġ
һ˯úܳڶ󣬲žþӡ
ڱֺͿǼѷһֱҹɭߵĶʣѾߵĳ̶ȣҲԪʵһΣϼͻƵԪ˸Ϊǿʵ
ֻӦҲвˣϾһ뿪ǱѾȥ££ÿһνƬ϶ǿߡ
ϼһ£ȻǱϾһ뿪ʱ̫ãֻǱٶ๫ҹҲԲôˣԻһͨߡ
½Ǻˣֺݺ˿Ը£˶Ϥܿ죬سǷ浱ҵһܿСȻҵһЩͣ滻һЩڿһǱʻȥ


һʮ Ǳ
·ϣȡĿϸ鿴һʱ˵һС뿴ʲô
ƷʼΪͨΨһþǿԴŴĿƬв󿨣ԭһٶţֻ֮ǰȥ˶ʮţֻʣ²ʮţ֮⣬һŲ󿨵ĿƬ
Ԫһһ̣һſƬ͵档
ȵһſƬʲôʱȴǾһ⾹ȻһſԴ͵ԪؾĴͿ
ȻǼҪϰԪ֪ٶҲֵãΪҪԪԪļҪ롮Ԫؾн
һſƬ˵ֱӵõ˽ԪļĻᣬȻҪ
ֻʹãҪȻصǱһЩ鰲ٺ˵
Ӻܿʻ˹·֮󣬿Ǳķʻȥ·ϼȳļŮߴߴ˵ͣ˵ӳҹɭʵ˵¡
аݺԪؾڣ·ϸҰ﹥УҲһʱ佫ɱ԰֮һСͳѾ쵽Ǳˡ
ʱ򣬳ͻȻһɲͣ
֣ôͣˣݺڸʻ˯ɲֱ˲ϣֻ峵ǰľʱȴ˵
ǰ״ȻһƬʹֿӪأдִľͷļΧǽߴʮ׵ľʲtϣվֳֹĴ׳ˡ
ӪصУͬǿ׳սʿԶǱҲľ롣
˳üͷһ壬ȻóЩ˾ǴǰΧǱ֣û뵽ǵĴǾȻ쵽
ʱһʮֻٳ˹Щ;޴ڱܣսҲףôһԶԸʮսʿ
Сͳһϵ˷һУʮＲСͳΧһ
ЩһԳǱ̽ӣɱǣͷޱֳһսһУ̻Ӷɱ˹
ûжȴǶ⳵ڱ˵ЩޱǿĲԪְɣҪСģЩҪ·ЩҰˣ
ԸЩޱѾö֣º㣬һԾޱսһ
ϼҲǿٷֳֹվڳֻҪ˭ΣգһʱΧ
ѾԪպǰҪǿ
վһԿţʵϴӸոտʼ;ЩԾˣΪЩޱΪԼȻоԼƵԪ
ǰ뿪Ǳʱ¶ƣֻԪӦڳһͻжϣֻҪصһڻиӦֻӦ
֪һˡ
̻سǱһҲùܣ·ǰӪأҪСһЩȻ࣬һսҲǼΪֲġ
ܿ죬ϼЭ£ڱ֡÷Ѿޱɱ˴룬һޱƲ̼һſƬðһֱʡ
ԶӪص̳ϰޱлдūͣ˼ٻ˼ͷ;޴սǣвûԪļĴڡ
ͬһʱ̣Ǳ
ڣһǱļҪԱҲжƷɡգֻ塢³ʦȴڡˣﻹһЩİףҪλϵģȴһʮˣ촽Űֺ䡣
tڱʱ򱨸棬ӪͻȻдģ
ǳǳǱ𣿡ҪλϵǸ˵
ǣм·˵ע⣡ڱʵ˵
ͲҪˣصĸλ֮ǰ˵Ҳ˵ֱİ
ƺ׵ɣôΣյĶǵͬ࣬ҪʲôˡƷʱ˵
Ǹֺüͷһ壬ʲôǸĻʨǹίԱܻԾǱĳԺ˶ҪܳڻǴκξҲҪָֻš
ƷþҪȴһԵոסŵҲǳŶƷҡҡͷʾҪ嶯
ߣǿǼЩ͵ķϣǶһˣʲôҵûҵͬ⣬κ˲뿪Ǳ벽ǵְ𣬾ǣЩˣƣճ˵ֵ꣬Ȼ˭ҵ·ʽҿ뿪ǱǸ󲻾ǲ𣿸ǣ˵ǸûлǻǱҲܻһַչģίԱҲͬٸԺ˭ٸģĳ˵һ
ƨܵģʲôֵܲڣҪڣһ˵ˣƷɴ˿ȴҲ̲סӴ
ֻһܳΧҲвվŭĿӣܻһˡ
Ʒɣݣôܳ˵ҿ׼ˣһ˵
ԳĶƷץֱˣһҲָŶƷɵı
£ʮǹֳֵľŽƷΧס
ҲʲôƷ˵ûڹίԱỹûгݣôҲǲίԱ
˿ҲǱǾ߹Ҳˣ
ãھͿߣʵǣͿǼ˳ˣǶСӵˣ˸ãǸƷɲߣңˣ
ܻ˵꣬̾мǰץƷɵֱۺ͸첲
ƷɷӦҲ죬ֱֿסȻ˫۹һһͨһˤڵء
һߣǶƷɶߵĶ֡
ʱܻһ˺һ
ȻԾָ繴ץƷɣһ񵲣ȴɫһ䣺ߣ
һ̣ƷͻȻоǰһΣؿھͰһȭˤȥ߰ԶغһѪ󱻼ǰס
ߣҾǲÿƬҲܽãЦһȻվܻԵһǹίԱһίԱ֧ܻԵģǶߣȻѾвˣһվо߶˵Ĵڡ
պȻɫѿֻڣҲﲻæ
ƷȥԺ˭ٶҲ³ܻ˵
ʱȴ߽һˣ˻ûŷŭѾ˽
ô磬㲻³ʲôҵҪ˭Ҷֵһ£ҿ֣
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ܻԿŴ߽ȴɫһ䣬ӸոաͶƷɵ˵ķӦ˾Ȼʧµ
ֻǶԷôڹϻ
ǱƿأûԼôģ
ʱܻҲôֻ֪࣬ԼҲͬﵽߵĸ֣Ǳкܶ඼ˣĳͻܻҲ¡
뵽ܻЦһȴǵ٣ҲǾôȻЦãȻˣǾҪúϢˣֵҸ䣬ֵȥˣǻҪᣡ
˵֮䣬ٲȻ˳Ǳһ㡣
һƷɻǿ׳ľѹţȴɫһ䣬һѷɵһ˦ͼҽдѹŶƷɵֱ۾ͱɵ̴
ջԪԪǿȱͨǿ˺ֹķɵҲӵɵǴ͸ֱۣǽǵֱ۳ƻǷˡ
ҰֱӷܻԴŭֱվ
˵ܻ꣬һ֣һԾ
ֵСģ˶ߣʮƷѵȻ֪ҲߣһԶռš
ֻǽ£ȴĿɿڴ
ֱһƣһ¾ͽǰһߵĲӿסһŽһ߷ʮԶصײǽϻصѾվˡ
סǸɫ֣ȻѲָͬһȻ޷Ҳɵ֪Լǰʵ̫Զ
£һɿ֣ϵԪ¡һȫͷųѹߵϣеȻһ˵ϡ
ʨǣȻҲв٣٣߾ǿĴڣһǵλߣÿһԺЩŶӵĶӳƽƽǻҪ
ڣһ߾Ȼŵùڵϣֱõɱ˻𺳡
ʵҲߣҹɭֵУɱ˵Ԫ֮ڵѾͬԪļĸ֡һӽԪѹȥһ߾ԵֵסͬһͷҰһ㣬ֿ־ĵ׵ģһһֱӡߵԺ˵Ầ¡־塣
֮ƷߣҲ֣ոֱɱˡ
Ʒ֣գ⾿ô£塢³ʦأ˿һɻ
ո⣬ѾٻΧ˻ɱһ룬ʣµҲڹԪļǿ֮еͶϼڱձЩսԺǱ
֮ȽǱֶΣҪϢ˵˭סߵպ˶ƷɱץһĻֱŤת˾ơ
ˣͺãͺãʱҲǰóҲܼ
պͶƷǷֱ뿪֮һһʮĽ˳
ԭϼ뿪Ѱػ߿ƬһʼǱǰն趨ķչչ˵ϣټϾ߹ҲڳǱķֻᣬ˲˺ܶʨǵľǰչԽ
ֻºΪϼûлû˿ϢʨǷٲ˱㿪ʼС
һʼֻ̽һֱһǰͻȻܻԹδΪйίԱҲ÷ԡ
ʱ˵ֻ̣һֱûлܻԵĵҲԽԽ󣬸ǽܶȨߣȫˣʱ˵
һԶƷһ߿֪ƷɻͷϣǼȿߣҪܻԷͻȰϾۼʵܻԱһίԱ֧֣ҲߣǻҪǿӲƴûκʤ㣬ݱܷâϾ۲Ĳ
˵ɣܻԵôߣר壬ûֻԼ뿪³ʦѾƺͶʨǣ˵ǵ˵Ǽ£˵ֵǱﲻûԼˡƷɫ˵
ѾˣǰԼڣʨΪ£ԼټԼҪԲŽǱԼԼ뿪ôã֪ԹίԱӲš
£ϵʵϲʲôˡ
ܴ嶯뿪Ϊ𲻱ҪĳͻԼ϶Ҳǲ£ϾĿܴ󣬶˽壬϶ᰵзչԼ
³ʦ϶ǿܻԵҫ뿪۲Ĳ
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ȻҲͱҲˣһ䣬϶Ҫȥָ˵ģǰ͸Һ͹ίԱ˽а壬ʵη塣
˿̣һԵܻҲ֪ȴеĻǣΪԼзίԱ߸֣Ѿ޼ɣҲɶԸû뵽ǿޱȵߣȻһжԲϡ
ܻҲǰ֪ڲӲŭԷԼҲҪԿ
˿ƷɵԼ£ޣҲûж˵ʲô
ƣֻҪίԱ֪̾ǵùܻк޺޵
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ܻԱҲһߣΪӵкǿĹܣԲűίԱķίԱɵӹܳǱʵսԲֻǴ˿ע£ܻԾȻоԼ·һΪ͵ҰޣҶ
ָоΪʵһʱ䣬ִܻݲȵ򶨵Ȼ޴棬еֻнţ亹˳Ĳ·ﶼ޲
ܻԸоԼҪʱ򣬶ŵ˭ģ
ƽһֲƭƣѷ֮ڣ֮¶Σ򵥵һʻû൱Բѹº
ܻԲӶʪˣҲ˶ˣԹίԱЩ߸ϵίԱû˽Ź
һʱ䣬ʶľͰһͷȴǼæǷίԱ
ίԱ룬ίԱһӣЦգͿԷƺԼгɼû뵽ˡʲôƨίԱֻҪԼ׼öԷ


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ίԱίʲô˵˼Ƭ̺ֱֱܻվţҲҶ˭ʵЩһϵҲǸƨҷһ
Ϊ䲻ԹίԱʱίǱڲˣȻѾˣҲԻʨǽˣܻЦ˵
ԽԽúºͽţʵܻԸҪ˵£¶Էһˬһ½Լ
ֻ뾡뿪ֻҪصʨǣȻзίԱԼ
ֻߣߡ
ǱôܵģץҵĲ£嶼ǰսǱǰˣ㶼ܲˣҵȥǷӣôġˣһʨǣˣһȥһ£̾ԭļǰܻǿƴȥ
ЩܻԵ£ҲʱǱİɣˣĶȥĶţٿǣ
һ֣ЩܻԵ˶ʱɴ⣬һæ뿪ǼЧǵľҲǿ뿪
һĻĶƷɡԼĿɿڴֶθޱȡ
˵һŤת˾棬ΪڣƺȶģȻǳ̫ͨʵס̫ˣһͷ֣һ»ߣһ¹ҪջǱȨһ¡
ܿ죬ϢʹǱ
֮⣬һ𺳵顣
ǱﴦһǰӪأҲһٶ˱ֱӻɱʣµһٶǳǱķ²
Ǳ˴˿̶Χڳǽߣһͷɥͷ˷²߽Ǳе𺳸Ըӡ
Щԭܻܷ˿һĻҲǳһġ
⼸ǱڵڱۿλɱˣʱԼ˹Ǿ޴ޱȵȻҲǱȵĻ⡣
СʱԭܻԵѾ𣬳壬ûɱˣָ翹ģڣԭƷɺͶǾвپɲ£½ӹܳǱ˵ûκѡ
˿̣²һ£ֻ˿ȫľɲ£һθϼڱ÷ǡ
һ»ʶ֮󣬶ƷɱֵܣǺ£ֻίԱǲưոݣһȻܻʱӹǱʵ˭֪ίԱҪȡ֮⣬ǱڵɽΧһЩϡеԪһǱļֵ͸󣬻ΪԭԹίԱŽ뿪ͻȻôһӣ
˵ͷƷ˵ĲίԱֻע棬֮ǰΪǱֻǼߣԲ⣬ڷΧĿֺˣֻѾﵱԼĵ̣Ȼǲ³
Ҳ˵ǺܿܺʨַʱҪηˣػ߿ƬǾͺˣĵΣʨĸӲģҲ£ƷʱֵԼҲһͬػ߿ƬһۼصҪԿ˵Զ
ǱķֻͻǹͼڣʣµľǹǿǹеЩԸһЩͨĹﻹԣһЩﵽԪֻֻԪ;޴ôͺЧˡ
˵ʨǷѾʼһЩʽǿԪڣļͿԻɱֻʨǵ߻ܣǾίԱҲ֪еĹؼʱҲ˵
óǿǱķ֮ء
Ѿ֪ϼһγȥûҵػ߿ƬһЩ
ֻȴûһ㷢ӡ
ǰҲһǿǱķֻӵгػ߿ƬĶ
Ǿǿ
Ժŵ˵ֻҪǱΧһ͵ķԵԪļĹ
ǣǴﵽԪļԲƿ
ǷԲù;ۼԪĿ󣬵ʱǱǹĺʨַίԱҲ޷Ǳ
ȻΪʨַһЩչҪġ
뵽ֱӵλһǱػ߿ƬʲôǳǱķԲػ߿Ƭܱģٶػ߿ƬҲʮȫλһطҵĿȴԣ
Ʒɵ˲֪ʲô򵥵ĸһʾһССķ󣬲Բһ·ķ˶ŷˡ
󿨱еһƻûǹɨ䣬޷˺ĶеӵһεԪֵ
̫ˣֿǱȷҪǿػ߿ƬƷɺմ˿̶Ǽ˵Ҳͷһο˵ģֻһС򵥵ķ󣬿ҲԲõĺܴ罫ǱڣʱֻҪκ˶ܹС
ֻҲˣҪһֱάֿ󣬾ͱҪ㹻ԪԽĿĵԪҲԽ࣬ȱ٣ϼԺֻҪǱṩ㹻ıľסôͿԴЩϵõԴԴϵԪ
һѭ˵ξӪһľۼأϼҪо飬Щ飬ȫȨԼֵС
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ֳɵģ䵱еĴϰţȻ٣Ҫһ͵ĿԽǱȥĿ»ǲ
Ҫô޴һǰҲû϶ỨѲʱ䣬˵ɾ͸ɡ
˳Ǳſǰʮ׵ĵطȡʮ󿨣߶ԪֱУ˲䣬Щ󿨷һâУͬ˺棬һȦȦĲ
һ£ҪһҪſƬΪſƬŻγ򵥵Ρ
һЩǿĿ󣬿ĽǡǶǶȶάȵ״£һֻһһʦΪҪõ̫󣬱˵ЩӵĿ󣬾ǳĸǶȵòˡ
ҪõľһǷ󣬾Ǳʮ׾룬Ҫ󿨵㣬ÿҪͶ볬ʮ󿨣ӵмΪǿķ֮⣬ûоͬԪЯߣֻҪڷ󼤻֮󣬼ǽ뵽ǱУҲ̱֮⡣


һʮ ʨ
ȵ֮ѾҹȻСʱҺΪ󿨲ֳһЩӦڣĿǰΪֹõһˡ
ٻֻūͲһ£Чǳá
һԵֵԪļĹһԪļﶼѹƣһһЩǱ˵ֻϧûٶ󿨣ܲһ󣬵ʱ͸ˣ˵Ҳ֪ǲһڳԳɸӵģҹѣֻʱƺ
Ǳڵ˴翪ʼһֱΧڳǽߣÿ󣬿˵Ǵû˵һͬħһͶУֻҪԪǱΧͻһۿɼԪ֣ˮò룬ڵ䶼޷ƿʵ
üŹؼ󿨼¼˳Ǳ˵ԪԺֻеõϿɵ˲ܽǱδǱǱģֻҪ̾ͻᱻɳȥ
һ£Ǳķ˵һΡ
ȵ˵ڶ죬ԴˣѺܻԸʨǡ
һιίԱԼڣôһܻԹ϶Ҫָ˵һҪ̽̽ίԱĵף֮⣬󡢶³ʦصʨǣҲǵġ
һΣûϼ³ǱǱ߻Ҫһͳһ岻ڣϼʺϵѡҲֻ
ǶƷɣֻһˣͬʱǽͰҲ˳ǱԪؾڣǱķ˵ûκ⡣
ܻʵʵں棬ҿӿʻҢӼǰнƬ̣ѾԿΧʨǵĳʻ
ûʨǣ˿ʨǵľȻˣǿܱЩԵľͿԿ
һЩط֣֮һЩʱСӪأ֮ǰͬնһЩ˵⣬Ұ͵չһЩȻרʨǷ
ĳһЩ̷ΧҪչȴƷɺߡ
ҢӲ幫ʱƣĻΧԽԽ󣬶ʱҪҢԱǵĳǱͻΪҪһݵŦϼһҹû˯ҹ滮Ǳķչ˵Ǳ̫СҪԳǱΪһεľۼأʱɸ˽ʱʨǵľҪҢԱԻͱҪǳǱʱ򣬶ƷɿŴ˵
ͷһ˵ÿ󣬻֪ϼЩƻȥƺܲȷǱȻһܲıݣϾ̫СɵҲǼΪޣԺҪչ׳϶ǲģҪΧһʨľۼأǽص㡣
Ҳó򣬺вˣȴǿ԰Լܶ顣
ܻ¶һмЦݣаǱôҪһսԾݵ㣬ʨǹίԱôܷŹȻʨǱʵǲֱ۵·
ܻԲ֪ĸ֪Ѿǿ󵽺εȱ̬ĳ̶ȣյĳһһһϸ΢Ķͱ飬ƿصһ
Ҳû˵ʲôΪмҲҪܻ˸ֵԼ˼ֻֽ׶ΣȻ¹ίԱᣬԷҲкǿӦԻҪ˼˼
Խʨǣ·ϵ״Խã˺棬÷۵糸ݡ
ԶԶģѾԿʨǵˣһۼؾôԶƽԭϣӴΰ˵ôﶼԼĵ̣ͬʱ뵽Σķ磬ҪȥͱŽᡣǹίԱȻҲȨһȴһ㶼Ҳܽ˾޴ľۼˡ
Ҳ˵󲿷ֹˣһĵģΪ࣬ʱٲ֪ôڶֻǼӿ
ȻҲųһЩȺ֮ǸίԱһμͿ֮ǰԬһ˽δĿĲֶΣˣԼãԬ󳾡
˿̣ʨǾͽǰڴ˿̣ǰпһͿɺɫоʨͷ־·ľ߿õ¶µɫ
·˵ĳʱͷһֱͣӳһͺͷӣʨǾӵ·ȴǿܻԣ˿̹һЦⲻܳôʲôˣԺǱһ֣Ҫֵǰ缸ܳк
һƬսʿӵȷк
ܻɫ࣬Ҵɫ̩ȻܻԵܹ㣬ֻЩǷίԱˣԲŻô顣
ʵ¶ˣЩ˵ȷǷίԱһģίԱļλίԱԷֹʨǵķ棬һ־ͳǷɷίԱѿأܻǷίԱˣȻҲЩ졣
ܻҲʲô춯˿ȴǰͲֳһЩ飬ڽʨǣҲ˲٣ٿҲܵеùЩӣ˵ЩӵȽʵף˵ѾȨػ߿Ƭɱˡ
뵽ܻ͵͵ǹͷʹɫҲǻ֮ˣʶܴǱЮˡ
缸Сһ㣬Χϵ˶ܼ飡ͷܻԴɫ˵Χľһƣ̶㵽ʮ׿⣬ӿɲƲ磬ǿӵնȨ
Ҳ˵˾ӣ֪ôġ
ʱƷɿһ̩ȻҲС棬ȴ̴Ǽ㣬ǱĳʨǵľλߣͬʱΪʨӢ۵Ͻÿǽȥ
ƷǰҲǼˣʱ۾һɣҲƣһʱ伸Щ֪롣
ǹͷ۾һɣһۣϳ˾Ǹ˵һ˻ɱޣǧߵӢۡ
ֻȴûΣΪ˿ҲߣʱƬ׹䣬ѾвʨܱٹﷶΧռƬЧãʨ˵Ҳ٣Ҳ֪ѾܴﵽߵȼҪҪֶΡ
Ҳ˵ͣҲߵĳ̶ȣԼһҷίԱ͸Щĸ´ǰгԾ󻼡
뵽ͷЦһȴȻ뵽һ⣬̴˵Ӣˣҿļһвܳһϣ˵
˵꾹Ȼֱǰ֡


һʮ Ӳ
ԼĿѾɣܻҲͻȻӳϳɿ죬ͬʱɤӺЮңץסǣҶ͵ظɱ
ʨǣ϶ٸߣֶҲûá
һǾȻͶʵԼֲñˡһʱ䣬ľǸٻūͣͬʱﾭװǹе׼
ʱƣƼҲ죬˵ǹеĻҩͽͷǰҪеҪǿʮһЩӲȴﵽ23Ļ׶䴩˿ֻҪκ춯ǾͻὫɱ
һĻȻ֪ԷİϷֻͷЩ˻һ㡣
һָ̣һѾǼΧԼͶƷɶУõķֿԽǱڵģҪķϰ󿨣СʱСͿ֮ܲϡ
Ҳ֪ôģԴҹɭֻ͸оԼһЩǰΣƿǿʵָоﱻʶкˡ
ʱ̷һλƽѪҺǸйأֻҲȷ֤ݣԼǺ£֮ܲÿٶȱǰҲ˺ܶ࣬õһǿҪԷǹе˵׾١
˿ŶƷɵƷɣЩ˲ҶӦΣ
ƷȻֶ֪Σ˿ȴϵʲôǲöǾͲˣƫҪ
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ûϵǰִҲãίԱҲǿ²ˣǰңΪߵʵ˵ǰ棬侮ʯΪʵǰԲŻˣͬչֳ㹻ʵɻЦӭҲãǳǱҪܶʣξҪһЩɣͶƷţȵǹͣȡھ󽣣Ȼ
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ԷȻɱ֣Ҳ½һ⣬գ۾ͽǰǹնΡ
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ͷҲе֪Լһ壬Ķ壬ԷҪɱԼҲ£ոǿǾսʿūͣûһֵܵһ
֮ǰͷ֪˱̬ԲϾ˵ʱҪ𣬾ǷίԱҲԼ
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ģػ߿Ƭ磬ػ߽ǾӳȨô·ίԱǶţͷ˿ץһ£˵
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أȥǴ֣
ػ߿Ƭپ߶ǻת棬ʨڴ˿̣ѾΧ˲ˡ
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˿Ķͷĵһ뷨ǿʨѾǸٹ̣ڣģ޵ж֡
ٵַʨǵĴɱǿǽһһεʤеģڣȻоߵսȨ
ǶƷɴ˿̶ųһ亹ֻû˵ǱߵıѾֳֳìܣһ³ìһ׹⣬缲һ
ԪԪ֮۽翪Ӧ˱Ԫ֪̾һìæӶھ󽣣תԪ̧۾ʹ̳һֻһϣ̺˻ԪǰĽҪ߳
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صһ죬˳ʮףڵϻһĺۼſͣ£汩ͬǺˣֻ˼׶ѣȻʵҪǿܶࡣ
оֱ۷飬Ǻھ󽣶ǶֹһƷʼѣˡ
ҡҡͷԼԪļ϶ˣٿñ˵úԼһ࣬ⲻ֪ոһ¶ԿöĿɿڴǹͷܻԣ˿̵ɫҰɫʱǲ֪Լжס


һٰʮ Ӣ۹
ȻܺͱƴôܣܻӶҪɳˣʵ벻ͨôôʵϣով͵͵鿨Ƭ̽ʵȷߣΪʲôֵܵĹ
£Ҫɱֱͬɱһס
ʱΧмͻȻˣӢ
һǱ˾޽ǧߵ¼ǹίԱᵱȥģǸʱҴľߣʨǶм¸ϳͬʱмޱȡ
ô£ΪʲôӵҪ
϶ᣬȴԵĻҪȻԺͱԴңղһӶʣˣ
ǺģĶʲôᰡרŵģЩƽʱ۾Ͷͷǹ£ֻǶϹ۾ǵ˲ǵˣ
ƨղһֱԱߣ̶ˣЩôϲǹģˮأȹҵһ־ӣջرߣ˵ⱩģȴԸԼˣӿɲӦ
ԣԮӢۣ־ӣ
࣬һӾγһˣԽԽ֮ƣһ£ֳʣµļҲһҰףͷͷ˿̸ǲ֪롣лһ˿ϣϣԽɱ
ֻҪһίԱȻԽѹȥǰʨΪսҪӢۣڲҪˡ
ӳô죿һԱܹ˵ΧǶŭĿӵȺѹ̫
ģƨ񲻸ҶҪջرҿţͷӳҧгݵ
һſסֱۣոһºͱĶԻ˵ǳ
һʱ䣬оڻԪֵһµĸ߶ȣȻûͻƻԪ㣬Ҳˡ
ʱԶıƺͳìϱһ׵磬ٶȱһ֪µԼⱩĶ֣ȻʱڶԷҲκβԼҲٷ
£ȡƬ֮䣬ǰðɫԪʮ׵Ĺǰ
ٻҲչһַʽͬʱҲһвԿһҫȡ໰Ȩʱ
֮Ѿʵҹɭֵ飬ֻ֪вϵ׷ʵȥ˵Ǳʨǣ̨̫Сȴ֮ҪǱչɺʨһǿۼأͱҪչֳ޵еϾһֱǱҪȥԪؾԪȼԱҪȷɶҡĵλơ
Ԫļ۷ʱ⣬ȡԪ󣬹ͻͱȸոշһš
¹һְϢƾֳ˶һ亹
Ȼǿ󣬵͹ȴǲ˲١
ôᡭܻԴ˿Ѿ̱ڵϣǻԵѹȸУ֪ûм˿ֲǹͷӳ˿Ҳ˵һԼ군ˣǰҪǿ̫࣬ԷίԱӣȻôԼֻǱ汳ģˡ
ʱָŶıŹȥ
Ǳ˵ֻ϶˴Цûٻ˵ҲˣûΪ˵󻰡
ŨҵĺɫԪ˿̷һ񱼣ͬһɫӰ˱Ҳǻ׵ƣ͹ײһ
ɫԪɫԪ໥ײﲫĳ漫Ϊ׳ۡ
ʱܻԺ͹ͷӳѾˣֻһɱ
ٲҶ
վŹͱΧ۵ԽԽ࣬һĻսסˣȻԽԽ˶֪Ǹһ˻ɱͷޣȳǱΣǧߵĴӢۻˡ
Ϣܿʹʨ£ʨǣѾ˶صͨѶֶΣ˵Ϣݵļ졣
ʨǵһڣµĻ㱨һ´λվ
ãȻˣ
ΪָЩ˵£ǵһ졣
ߣ˹ȥԮһ£̾ϰֵܣٳͻȻʲôæˣֵ֪ͨܣ³ʦһԣһרע죬϶ûеõŶסҪ֪ͨǱˣߣ
彻һ̴˿·ص㡣
ͬһʱ̣ӿǸ
Ȼ־޴ĶΪʨǵ߲㣬ίԱ͵һʱõϢֻһʼ˭û⡣
ΪֻǹίԱһܶѣԷһʧ£˴ģǲ֪ôдû˵һ¡
ǷίԱβܳԷԼ˳׿Ǳ
ΨһòԾı
ĵĻصʨǣһӦ֪Է϶ʦģʣʨǣ϶Ѿ֪˷ίԱȥܻҪǱ¡˲֪ı£ȴ֪Ȼһ˵ԷоԵš
½ڹίԱļίԱѾˣǷίԱ죬֮ǰίԱҪǱûйܣΪʱҲΪزˡ
ˣ֪Ǹᡣ
룬̺Լ飬˶ʮ˳ȥʱ֪˿Ѿٻ׼ɱ
ϵʱ򣬿Ѿݺݲڹצµıִ֪ˣֻҲһΪˣԽǿԽͣԽ洦˳ȥ
ϵܣˣһкʵǲӦðһҪȼþ忪һͨȴǿǰȥҲóȣһЦݣΪС
ͿˣֻǵһЦû˵磬һ¾Ͳµ뷨ȴǿ߼ǰСϵܣ֪л𣬲Ҳûӣ˵ǾһϵˣһӵпѹƱūͣټǰĹͺԴΪ֣ʨǶ£
̶̼仰չֳһ͵ĿڲźͷԣҪ仰˵⻰ǲԷӣҪԴǱڲ֮أ϶ܰæ
뵽ҲЦϸ˵ʲôԼˣûҪô֣նɱ˱ɣ


һٰʮһ ҪίԱ
ĻǾֲѣͬʱп಻æֹϵܣаⱩǰΧʨǵҪսնɱ˱ǿɾʹˣǷӶȻд¡
ûĻù˻ûп˿̣ѾУűعľջ˳ǽϵʯͷᵱС
ʱһȺˣͷǶ壬ҲǸ˲ѣĸ˽̸Ƭ̣ı㣬˿͵͵ֵܣһᣬЩ»Բűշĳ룬һɱ˵ǸԬȱλӻû䣬һ󵨵뷨ڵʵһֻҪܳΪίԱίԱôǱŽһʧǲķչʲôʱȵǱչһ̶ȣԷӰʨǣʨǳΪǵĸӹ
ηչϣϼǶ嶼ӵкǿľһϲˡ
˵ȷ൱ˣͬ˵ģһԼΪίԱίԱôȨӰ쵽ʨǣҪ֧ǱķչҲ׾ٵ¡
ֻ£Ҫ֧֣ίԱҲø㶨
ǰҲֻѣڣ㹻ʵʵʱŶ⼸ίԱҲǸίԱ˿̺˿йʲô죬Ц棬һ͵ϵܣᰡᣬһﲻ۾ȻҲϵͨ󣬲Ȼɾʨ޷ֲʧඣ
Ҳû㵱ͶԷַȴҲЦᣬһЩҲҪģǱߵĹͷףϣίԱ
ָָǱѾŵɫĹͷӳ˵һԵܻԣǹⲻᣬҪίԱʲôӦ
ı㣬ȴֱӶһӳСţȥֱӴⲻС£Ҫ̬Ⱥúý˵ʨǵҲǾӵĹ˲еʱ򣬺õҪĽܣ˻Ǻͬ־
ίԱһǻЦίԱҲгǸˣ˿ͿǱܻԣ֪Ǳ±ԼƣίԱȻᶼûᣬѾ޼Լ
ֻȻùȴûпùԼʵǷίԱйƣʱҲκ춯ϾʰˣһŭԼǺ֪
ʱżλʨǵ쵼㵽ΧѾǧʵǿľάһרдʨʵȨľƵꡮѹЩίԱȻ˵Ҫһ
ǰԲܵõӣǵһֻޣǧߵʱЩίԱҲֻӼһ£顣
ԭ򣬾Ϊ
һֱûջعʨͷһʵҫԪļʵĿǰʨ˵޵еĴڣͬսԴģɱһ㡣
ӵλȻˮǴߣţ۸ڶίԱðͽ
ڽʨ֮ʵϾ̸ܵ˶ƵԪȵ½ͻȥǣҲ֪û£³ʦһ𣬾˵ѪūҲ³ʦһ
˿ֻ̣жߣҲĸҲͷһν뵽ʨǵ
̾ɾͬʱҲһ󸹷ֱ̣˴ĵطЩίԱļһﵱǶܡ
ܿһʮֿĴУΧһԲΧ̸ţȻ̾˵ʲôʨǾȱ׵ĸ֣˵ʲôԺҪ׽׽ҲһһЦŻӦȵɫ룬Ʊյҡ
ȻⶼǼֻ˵Ǽǹϡ
ǹҴûмϵܣǼﰡǴĶõģһίԱʱ죬ȴЦʵ
һʣίԱǶҪҪ鱨ֻҪ˵ʲôطõĹǻȥܵõһֻôսֱ޿ɹƵġҲǲݸΪʸһͬϯԺȡ
Ȼ֪ȴЦЦļһļеǿߣһļﶼĶ֣ǴʲôطõģҲԸλίԱǾҸǣҲҲ
˵Ļʵҹɭֲ֪תƵʲôط˵ЩίԱԼҲ
뵽ҹɭ֣ͲԾ뵽һʱҲЩп
ЩίԱһΪǲ˵ֻҲܱȣļ۷һβܺùϵͨʨǵо֪ȼ֮Ĳࡣ
һͲ˵ˣѾǷǳĴڣĿǰʨǴﵽľҲٶˣҲ˵ֻм˿ɱ
һҰõİ취ܣжԶܶԶ
ļǿ˺ֹʮ
ʨǵ̽ڶٶ๫ĵطֹһֻļʱһֻļͳʮףɱֱͬɱһףʨоŸǣֽ׶Σһֻﵽļʨǣػ߿Ƭ֮⣬ʨǼûʲôԺͶԷս
ػ߿ƬֻʱǻֵļҲȻɼʧǾڸոգĹȻǲһɵ˱Ҳ˵ʨǣʨǻǵĿܡ
ȻҲֻǼƲ⣬ʨƾߡǿĸԪԼػ߿Ƭһ䣬вȴʵʵڡȻѣ͹Ҳùϵǵѡ
ЩίԱһ˾϶ֻҪʩһôԷ϶ϣѾĵϸ뷨Ͷãôһǿս£
ֻзίԱ۹ʱʱðһɾ⡣
һٷ꣬ίԱ뿪ǵ棬ȵΧû˺ֱίԱмҪæˣһһЩūͣҶūеϵȻɫ
һǼˣЩΪƵĸ̫٣ίԱʮߣ߲߰ˣܸһūͣǾǽȼü֮
ϵܿˣʲô¾˵Ц
򵥣ҪίԱҪίԱ֧֣ԥ˵


һٰʮ ֵط
Ļɫһ䣬ⲻܣû֧֣Ҳûйıǲͬģ
֪˵ʲôȻҲڹίԱĳԱھ統к绽ӵдĲƸ⵱Ҫģʵ
˵ãŽȨ˵ûûأǾͺͷƨһûá
ίԱĸ㷺ʨӵ˿ڵľۼأϵ¶ٹţ貿оȵȵȵȣҪάתʨǿԿһӴޱȶҪ㲿ľܻҪת⣬ͱҪ໥ϲſԡ
Щط⣬ôӰľʨǣʱʲô⣬ǾԲС¡ЩؼҲˣʵϾɹίԱίԱѿصģΪ֧֣ǲܳΪίԱ
֪ϵȻ̷뷨
ͺͶ彻̸һΣ֪ĵʲôɫ䣬ʮֵȻίԱʱͬʱӵеģģνΪ
һҲ侲˿ŷӦɫĿƬ̣ŵϵܣ뷨
˵ͷҪǱչ׳󣬾ͱҪʨǣõİ취ԼΪίԱȨⶫںȨ漰棬ôҲһ
Ƭ̣һҧ˵ͷȻˣҾͰһѣ¼ʨǵˮأЩһûһʡ͵ĵƣЩܣҶ֪ܳΪίԱ˵ǿΪһͷ˵ʵǰһ֧鵱ίԱֻǵʱ̫ˣıҲûеɣ׵ʧˣʬǸʱҲŷ֣ʨûô򵥣ȻһίԱкܶ鶼ڹ
˿ҲǸпһ˵ЩܣǽԼˣֻ˵ڵʸκʨǵȨˣŵǰɲ˵Щ顣
ҲɵǸҲǳ侲һˣȻʧˣ˵þǱ˸ɵˣֻΪʲôѵΪҪ鵱ίԱ
˽ⲻ࣬ôȻ㷢չԼôһЩҪ⵱ҲӰĳЩ˵棬ں˭ֱӽԷͺá
ϵܣҿ϶㣬ֻҪһЩѣȻǮγսĶ翨ƬЩ£ίԱߣ٣ͬ㵱ѡίԱȻҪҲһԥˣ˿뵽˵ܵѡίԱԼֻкôûл
һЦڱûУ￨һץһѣкܶòϵЩڱɶѡ
һֱȡһƬʮš
ǡ￨ᶼȡô࿨ƬһʱҲЩ񣬶ȵʮſƬԣǴһ
￨죬ĶǶﶼ߰ţ
˵ʵЩ￨ʵ϶˵ҲʲôһʨίԱҲСȵó͵ȼ￨һɫ￨滹ϡٺͰԶ̹ù֡
óô࿨ƬҲ˵յĿƬԳ
Щȥã֪ܲó˵ȱľÿƬ䵱Уһǿӣÿ춼ԵÿսÿֵͶ˵￨Ƭں
˵ͷȻóϵܣʨǣһ￨෱࣬￨ȴֻ￨ǽֹģϾĿǰ˵ǶսܶЩίԱڣﵱսԴֽ׶Σûʲôˣ
Ǿͺã˵ͷȻͬһ㣬ʵ϶Լ˵ǻԵɺµõļôֽ׶ǿҲ
ܿ죬ͺֿȡίԱ齻ԼǴԼ顣
ȺȺĶϣ뿪ȻԪӦҵ˶ƣȻ³ʦ͹Ҳڡ
³ʦ֮ǰΪܻ԰ѿǱջֱ֮ӻصʨǣȻ൱ˣʱ䣬һֱںֶ̽ľ裬࣬ó˼װ׳ҫ
˵ʵ˺ھ󽣣³ʦԻ⣬ֻӵ˺ھ󽣣ǲˡ
ֻԭϵƤѾ飬³ʦŪһ״ϣһ׷ѣӲȸǴﵽ4ϣĽʨǵеίԱ㲻ֻҪڣ³ʦͻԥ͸
Ѫūһֱ³ʦߴ֣һЩա
ܿ죬ͨѶһЦСˣ
ȻƬ֮󣬼ԽҰͼʻһɲӳʮ̬׳ĺӣ滹мŮԾߣͷĺȻ
ΪԸ嶯żСӵľԱ뿪ǱѾʨǵмΪСӣרɱͲ׽˵
óȻѾߣҴ˿кܶط˰̣ͬһ͸һǿƣ߹ͬһͷѪһ㡣
Ȼʱ䵱Ŭʵ
Сڻˣ󿴵һֱ¶һ˿ЦݣȻǰݺݴһȭ
ΪһЩµˣҲû㣬˿ֵܣ˵˭κ޻ɵģһһϼֻˣǰٷ֮Ρ
ʮҲͬһվóǶսǿߡв˶ǵСӵľԱΪŷһֱ֪ȻǱֳ㹻𾴣ֻ⵱УҲм¼ûмˣ˿ȴЩΪȻ
֮ǰһͷǿӳӵһ绰̷أﶼҪˣΪǰȥͨˣȻ⼸˵Ĳ
һĸβģʮƯŮԶԱһȻΪûʲô˲
һԵһԱС㲻֪ʨǵĴӢۣҲǶӳϴ󣡡
仰Ĳʲôϴôȵϱ磬ʲôһɱޣҿǺϹ˶ȥˣҿҲûʲô˲𣡡


һٰʮ ֻǷ
֪ͬѾͷӳʮֳݣֻ󣬾ʨ˶ܱǿۼＤֲֿս˵Ѿվܴﵽߵ㡣
ж˵ǿȻǷǳϲ
лҵҪʵΣô˵϶Ȳϱ磡
󣬾Զһ˸ֻôùĶ䣬ǶߣѾԶͨ࣬Ļһֲ䡣
⡭ʵʮΣ⣬ļЦʮֹ졣
һһֵܣǸò˵ǳݣһ£˵ܽײһһˣȻҪˡĻȫûϣνʩѾ밮ŮԼϲǾġ
Цݣ֪Էʲôֻ¶ҲýͣңҲһ˼ҲɵЦŶԸ˹ȥ
ۣȻǽǶۼ³ʦķ䣬Ȼ˵Լļƻ
ίԱⲻĿԣôԺͻкֻܶǲװ쵽ɣҲһֻçȻ֪ʨǹίԱĵλȨ˵ͨ˾Ŭһӣܴﵽָ߶ȡ
Ϊͨ˵һȦӣⲻǹʵܰ쵽£ʨǵУǿҲв٣кܶɱɱսȻǿֻͬǹίԱǹȨȦֶǹܽģҪۣҪ˷
½ˣһԴ˵ʵίԱҲ⣬ֻΪǵĳǱһõˣһԺ뿪ʱҲģ˵꣬Ͷ嶼һ㶣ô㻹Ҫߣ
һ뿪һ߾£ųô£ͶѾ⣬뿪ˡ
ҡҡͷҵɣڵˣҪȥͱҪӵǿʵһ뿪Ϊ˽ԪļΪ뿪
򵥽һκϼľһ£еԪȼ֣дﵽԪļֲֿʵ۶廹Ŀɿڴ
һ̣֪ΪʲôһҪ뿪ˣΪʨǻǱʵ϶ͬ籩еĹһڿûʲôرвһԪļ֣Ǻ˵롣
ԭΪԼԵɱϲ˿ģȴüͷ֪ԼͻԶ
ȻҲȥԪؾߵҪã´һŻԡӹܳǱҲ鷳֮⣬һЩ壬һһ£ŵùֵܣȻĿǰ߱ǿսǾҪȡһЩ˹ȥ
ЩǴӺʹŪģǺġ
⣬ȡһ￨ƬоȻкܶ඼ȻﵱвǶڣĿǰ˵ҲǼΪˡ
һһȡöͶ۾ֱˣۻôʱ䣬ȡ˼ſƬֵǮĲ˵ЩƬ֪֪Ҫķˡ
ô죿
ʨǼ죬ĽչΣȻسǱͬʱɹһЩҪĶȥһȥҹίԱҪһЩôǻȥԺϼķչǱ´λȥٸǱһ󣬼ĹؼǣԺ˭£ֱӼɱ
һһµķԸͷ˵ƣýĶ˵֮Ͷ׼سǱ
һʮ㣬ṩԴܽǱһͭǽһıݣҲͰ׻ˡ
棬¸ЩԱһƵ
ʨǣĿƼȫ˲ͬ¼;ֱӲԪṩе˻һЩ¼豸պã¼ͱײһ
һƵѾʨŵƵҪûģүү̵Ҫ
˿̣һƽԿǾһˣǵӣ˵˵κεһοһƵˣ顣
ʲôڣֻҪʨ˿˵ûһ֪ģʨǵ˵޵еĴڣڱĹ¼ֲƬ̣Ϊ˱ػ߿Ƭʨǵǲܸоȫ
ڣȻһԳֽͱӲһ˵߸˵Ԥϡ
׵ì£ǶﶼֵܵһιˣȻǶƴһĽϣĻ棬𣿡һ˳ĬƬ̣ǳ˵
һۣһԣ˿ֻԼ̫ûмʶˣԿ϶ҲֵܵǱһιǸȻ
һ˵ԷԵƾһͿɱ
ҪɱһҪΪСģҪ壬ȽϾ֪˭˭͡
벻ôҺûе˵ЩȻ϶Цûмʶ˵ҵҺҺãʱ˿ֻ֪ղǷͱ
ʱŴ򿪣ȼ˳һ£˿֮ǰȫһˡ
Уǳǿߵġ˾ô֣ھְݵУݼż磬ģεԾͿԻ죬пȵŮ˿ΪҪҪǵĩգ磬˭㳤ʲôģʱֻǿ߲ܵõ𾴣ܳΪż
ΪֻǿߣܱΧֻǿߣɱԹʳֲֵѪĹ
˴Ǵطѹģѷʱѵ·;УֲֿľѾӡԺУ硣
ӹ񣬶ǿΪǲ
ȻҲע⵽ΧĿĲֻͬҲû⣬Ͷļ򣬵ͰˣҹͻسǱ⣬ϼҪڳǱΧ޽͵ľۼأҲҪ¾㱸ֻǷˣ
еļ˵֮ǰ϶вϾСҲûʲôʶǾһͱĶУǶˡ
ΪԼϴͶӳֵܣأ֪ȻһԺС
Ͼĳ̶ֳ˵ҲϴϴҲǵϴܸһλǿߣһӵ¶


һٰʮ ֱ׷
ȶ塢³ʦǸԵ˸Ǳ֮ڵԼǸСϢ
СѾŶƷɵǱֻʣһˡ
ͬһʱ̣һڣƽڿɳϣһѾȼһ̡
Ѿʮ£ʱѾǾԵݳƷˡ
ߣܻԿǱû뵽ôãĶιƽһɭֻһ仰;һ˵
ίԱҲܹܻԲãʵ̫ˣ˭Уƽ棬һĸ˵лһ˿ɵһˣ㶼ܽһߣûرӲĿɽҵίԱǱɣӵһļԼӲ
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һ죬ƽ̺ݺݵ̻Ҹǲʵ̻ҸΪԣ˦䵽˵ϣʱˤ˰˰ꡣ
ģӲİڵľƣʨǵ˿ڻԽԽ࣬ʨԶ϶ļĺۼȻʺ̽ôֻʣ˱棬ҢӣֻǱôһȻľۼأǵطԺһѰһ뵽ǸҾƽϷⶶòᡣ
ûǱԷչ޴󣬶ǵǱΧ˼ֵԪ󡯣¿ǻܣֻǵ֪ΣǱǲ䵽ģǸĸҲǵͷ˵Ȼĳּƻ
ƽнⷬɾͣҲɵӣһ۾Ϳ̵ˣ˵ʲô뷨
Ǹĸ¿˿ȻС˵
ƽ۾һɣǷϻ˭֪´󼪣ֻԷ̫ͣһ㱻ɵȻ࣬ҲûһĶ֣һɲȻ
ԣֵľԲǣǸĸһ˿â˵֮ǰݻһ˵ǰսһ²ϰǿ׳ˣأЩͽжһ͸¶٣˿϶жʱȻã㲻ɹҲƲɣ
һ赶ɱˣô죡ƽһİ˵ȻҲһ˿ԥϾһɶõսڣ˵õǿĹ֣ʨҲȫ
еʱ˻˽ĵģƽ˿̾ˡѸշʱ϶ּͬƻΪǸʱǼίԱһĽۼأΪˡľ
Ǹʱһ룬һʹû̫˽ġʨѾȶҷչԽԽãݣΣУ̰˽
Ǹĸӷƽı뿪󣬱̱üΪȴǷһ˿ЦԿ˫¶ĳɫâǼݣֻܿ죬Щ״ʧ٣һĸָԭģɫΪǰ߹
½ıһĸ̹˵
ߵ˵ͷúѲߣɲҪʲôӣ
ģˣҪҪҽмֵȥ
ãǺúѲߣ½ıЦ˵Լߵ˳ǰ뿪
ʨǵ£֮أ˿ɭھһͨͨ£ʮֻսʿΧ˹
ֻܵϵԪ֮Щսʿȫ˻ȥмŹŹԪãǳ򵹣з˵Ԫԡ
ȻЩ˫ӵԪñЩ˫ۺڶͨսʿҪ߼ӵһ˿˿ǣԷֱԪ˽ǵ
ȡ˼ĸ⼸˫۵Ԫ￨ƬЩǶлһЩﵽԪģӦǳ֮زԪӶԶ˽ס
ͻȻ뵽ҲΪҪùһЩԪͬʱмֳɵĹǿӣҲһɣǿӿǿӿԵսʿЩū͵Դ˵ڸòּսʿǱȴõϡ
ٻֱзȥʳԪȥˣҲȥǰԼ¡
Сʱ󣬽֮ԪʳһյĹ³ǰͼٴһ㣬ʸӼӲ֮ЩɫԪҲԽڣɢһĹ⡣
꼸ǿӣ뿪֮أ˿̣ѾûԭԪĺǣҲٵսʿǳ׵ĳȥ
ÿ춼ҪϵΣĻ˵ҪίԱ½չʮ˳ίԱѾͬˡҲԤϵУ˵ʵʨǾߵķУֱǿޱȵȡȨ
ֻ˵򵥣ʵѶȸ
ԼǿҲֻһˣʨǹίԱȴǸٹ̣漰ʨǵķ棬ֻܾˣƣòʧչʾԼļʵֶ֮γΪȨĳԱ
Ǵ˵İ취һʲôʱá
ڣİæίԱ˵Ѿ߰˳ɵİգֻҪڼʽͨίԱĻôʽΪʨȨίԱ֮һ
ѾˣʱǱһĹģԼͿԷĽԪؾʵ
ҪԪؾҪó׼һʱ뵽ѪľҺֹһΪѪľҺӹһ١
ίԱĻУרҹѾˣֻҪȻɡʵ⼸죬һЩʨȨѾʼ½ǰݷһһʤ䷳һߣ뿪ʨǣѪľڵ
ʱʨǣӦһһİݷ˷ʱ䣬һЩõ飬ʹʵ֮󣬾ȥŪһЩѪľֶԽԽá
ֻų뿪ʨǣ̸оһ
սתԪ֮ԪĸӦ񣬶йαʩչ׷ٿľһΣ뿪ʨǵһɲǾ֪Լֱ׷١ˡ
ڵ׷ٿԺ׹õֻҪ㹻ĽҺԪͿԣȻ˭Լʩչ׷ٿ϶Ŀġ
ɫװ뿪ʨǣȴ㾿˭Ҫ׷ԼȥֻǷίԱĿǰίԱȨҲԼΪǱͻֻ֣Է֪Լʵ¾ȻҪ׷ԼĪʲôɱﵣ


һٰʮ Ϯ
뵽Ҳ˾裬ڵʵȻȷʨû˭ܵеùԼСΪϣɲΪ﷭
Էʩչ׷ٿ٣϶ΪԼĶҪôǸ٣ҪôϮɱҺһֵĿԸһЩϾǵһα׷١
Ȼ˼ƻ
ǰʻǾװԽҰǿмȷԳӿļ죬СʱѾʨǽٹ
ΧڣֻһЩΪǿľСӲŸ̤ԡ
ǰ˰Сʱͣ¿Ȼ󽫳·߰׵ľ˳
ĵβɹصĵط࣬ԲһѾ⣬˭ԸԼԼｫԷɲ뽫Ѫľﱩ¶Ѫľλá
һʯϣʼ󿨡
ڵص׵ĵط˷ܵոڲ֮ǰʨǵľСӳɹĸɵһֻ˵ﵱΪСġҰϾ
ΪɱһͷżȻֵһСǸ˺ܴĴۣǵūһ룬ʹеķ͵ҩһԱ
ȴõһҰʬ塣־ҰϡһСγСҲͼҰƣֻͬǣ־Ұðļ̣һɫʯӲһּΪϳ˵ĲϣһҲԻԪˡ
Ȼ˵⾧Ұսȴǲ˲٣ԲŻᱻСɱɹ
ӳǱһ𾯽ľһԶͻȻ˵
⼸ǰ鿴ν󿨵
һ߶ѣ˵ǺͬɢˣҪ̫⣬ҽҰϵľ̶ֳɴȥһ˵ʧȥһֵܣõĶ˶ǿūͺװԻһʱСӿ϶ԳΪʮŶӳ緢Դ˷ܵУȷһε棬Ǿʲôˡ
ӳЩԾǸ߿ȥ򵥰ҸոտĿƬ˦˳ȥȻЩƬȻʧ١𾯽ľٴ˵
ۻ˰ɣҪ˽Ƭֻ˿ᣬûʲô˲ģ׼سǣоҰֺöһҪСǧҪñ˿Ͼ֮Ĳޣӳ˵꣬͸оµĴط΢΢𶯡
𶯣һЩƵ
ô£ӳʶѯʣΧĶԱһ֪룬ڴ˿̣һԵĲݴȻһͷ޴ľҰͬһʻٳƺûзǼˡ
ӳ㿴һԱһֻҰѾײ˴ˣû뵽ֳһֻ
ǵĶӳһҲ۾Ź⣬ֻû˵һͷҰٱܶڵֻֻֻ
⼸ߵıѾʼ˷ܣת䵽˺ľ֣Ϊļӣܹ߱ȥԽԽ࣬Ķġ񱩹ǡ
У񱩹ǾǿޱȵĴڣһɱһͷҰ˿񱩹ǣôûһʤĿԣ˾ǱĽ֡
ڸղţȥĿ񱩹ǾȻֻ֮ࡣ
ʱ⼸߾Ծ˴䣬˿̱˵˷ܣŵöˣͣʮͱ񱼶̤ãЩֲƺû˿Ȥһۡ
ӳЩƺƺǳŸղǸȥģǸ𾯽ĶԱ˿̿Щޱȥķ򣬳˵
Ӧļ̳ǸȥȴǿһĻ
Ǹ䵥ľߣ˿վԶΧΧųʮֻ
ʮֻֱǾҰͿ񱩹ǣľߣ˵в֣ȻȾҰͿ񱩹ǻҪ
ǧӳһĻȶӶʼתЩɱǧˣּСӣֻҰͿԳȫ𣬶ǰ棬ʮֻҰ
˵Ա彩ӲҶ
ˣ
д˿ðͷĵǣԺЩֲ᲻ͻȻɵǡ
ֻǴһǣ£ȫһ
Ǹ߾ȻֶֻһſƬֻ߰ȳǰȥľҰͱһֲ罣ɱѪ
ոͽúˣͻ룬ԼʽֽƳɿƬ룬õС
һκͱӲӲĶײһУԪһ¥ʩչĹ̾ԪῨƬ˲伤ֻǰһͣ£ôͿԵõʽġ
Ҫ£ǰǰ첻ģΪҪԪΪ׼İѿأ˶У˵һ˿һв
⼸ʱ䣬ǱԪƣѾʩչ;һֽǵĿƬԶںͼ
һ˼罣ƬУڹʱֻҪһι󣬾ͿԺĽɱˡ
Ȼ֪ЩҰﲻԵ޹ʼһ𹥻Լ϶Ļ֣ȻˣԼҪԲӦ䡣
ʣµٴȥͬĹɱֳѪޱȣĲ֫ϱۣ񾧴һϡɢһأֻһۡ
֪ЩϮԼ˻ûг֣Է϶ʹա
ͬʱȡ˺ھ󽣲ڵϣͬʱ￨ƬҲ̷֣
ȻƬһȺɱֻЩﱳĿƺ֪Բû̽ᣬ⵱иָĹһЩв֡
⵱У˼ֻ;޴Ĺ֩룬Щ֩ǷǳϡٵһֻڸֵУһΣҲǵĶϵĶ̾ԲһǾǱɡ
üͷ壬ĵ˶ûгֻ֣ЩҰԼҶԷԲһ򵥵ĽɫܿôҰͷһμ
һ߾ﵽҲֻһͬʱֻūͣڣΧԼѾʮֻˡ
Զ͵͵һĻǸСӣ˿̲ҷһҶΪΧݴԵУиֲֿ춯óȻߣ˭ܱ֤Щﲻṥǣ


һٰʮ Ԧ
һҲ˺ܶ࣬ͻȻðһֲ飬ȫһֵУԼĵ൱εġ
ã뵽ǵ˵սΪͻȻ塣
ڣ˾ڲֻ֣ЩԼ㲻УùͿҲδصв˲һֻּ
뵽ķ
ǿٶȺ͹ġѪ񱩡ԷͻȻӳЩ״̬ȻЩһӵϣ˭Ӯ˭仹˵
˶˦󿨣ٲһ俨һ̣ʧڿС
Ҫʹ˶֣˭Է϶ڰ۲죬Լʧ϶żһͻļƻǰڰͬʱö俨׷תƣֻҪһ̾ͻᷢ
Ȼ俨ʧ֮ЩΧҰ̱һ˻еҰ˫ĿðâΧðһ˿˿ɫԪӦǱӳǿ
һ̣ЩҰһʧĵط
ٶȼ죬ǰʮ׵ĵطȥ󿨣һ󷨣ͬʱʩչ׷磬ͬӰһתƳȥ
أѾǵٶ֮⣬ǰĵطЩҰһ빥󷨾ͱֲĽиƬûƬ̣ЩҰ޾ֹͣ˹ڶܵĵط˹
ˣϻ׷ٿƬЧˣ̷Ӧ˹ͬʱȡѪľҺ˼ָԪ
˵ĽƻԤϣڶûԳ壬ֻһЩʹҰ﹥ԼͬԤϵԷȻӵмӳַոҲԼתƣйԷѪ״̬µҰҲֲ˶á
ûٻһ鷳ȻŹһ֮ҪŪ˭ҪԸԼ
룬ʼ鿴ܵĻԷҪô޹ԼȻڸֻҪҵصӦþͿˡ
ٻķһ鿴ĵص㣬ͬʱԲˣǲһ򵥵ķЩ﹥
ֻҪķҵˣͻһ
ķٶȷɿ죬ܿڼεĵصѲһֻƬ̾ͷǼߣ֮⣬Χûκοɵˡ
õķϢٻɱΧһ¾ͳ嵽Ǽǰ
⼸֮ǰɱҰǸСӣ˿ֵĿǿǰ˿ɱôҪ⼸˼ֱȳԷˮס
ʱһ˦ʮ󿨣һΧ俨
£ΪΧʮ׵ķΧ̺Χ
ɣأЩҰ޹ʲô£˵Ǽ߲֪ʲô˼һʱ˭˵ʱǼԶһʯͻȻһʸ
ţ˿һֱ̧ۣھֱӵǰһʯཻĴ죬һǣֻоֱ۷飬֪ԷһʸǿǺھ󽣣һֵܵס
ٿǸӰһСˣһ׹ŹֵƤףһƤʣȻԺΧĻΪһ壬ͬɫһ㡣
֪һ־ϡٵƤƤףӵкͱɫһǾǿԿٺΧĻΪһ壬ֲøղԼûзֶԷ
Ǽ߿ȻͲһˣɫ䣬Ǵʼնûһ˿ҪԸǣǱɡҸոΪʲôЩҪԱܹΪͲڣոЩҰͽǼȳˡ
⼸һߣҲˣűɫƤ׵Ҫ͵ϮǸǿľߣֻߵǿ󳬳˵ԤϣȻǿֱҵ˵ڡ
ʨǵľ߶֪壬Ҳ֪ʨǵĵˣȻǽԷ˵ˡ
ǰˣͻȻõԪʵ˭ΪʲôҪ׷ɱң
һ㶣û뵽һྐྵȻǵԣ뵽ǰдޣȴ࣬㾹ȻǵԣֲÿԱǵʿֻô֪Ҳ֮ģ
ΧҰޱ⼸ڵĵطûκҰ̤㣬ʮȴǱ̤˷룬Ұ޵˲еˣǾһ˵ԣЩҰṳ̂˵ǵĿߣûҪֻĺѣ־͹ߣûܵҰ޵ĹȻĻɡ
ԭˣҲɵ֪Լ֪ûҰ޵İæԼûκʤ㣬̾ܣֻʮ׾ͱΧ˻
Ҳó˱սһ㣬ҲͨԪҰץһǿֻǶԷȻӵпԿҰ޵ԼʵȺѸٷĲ֮λ˵ء
ǰһҪ֣ʱײڿЩͷתȴ̴е㲻ɱңԦߣϰֻҰܵҵĿƣɱңʧȥƾͻᷢ裬᲻һйκɱңҿԸһЩȤ飡
ԳǡԦߡʮ˿̴е
ͣ½Ųϵ׷ٿ˭ŵģ㽫֪ȫ˵Ҫһ
ԦߵȴǼæ֪Ϯɱ֪ŵģ׷ٿҲŵģ
һ㶣ͻȻǵ֪ʨˣ
ԦĵȻ˵֪ܣҪסֻ˵ʵԦߣӵпϰ޵Ҳֻôһеĵλߣ˵֪޼һҲǱ֪˵Գ֣ԷһԪļҲ׽ɱû뵽ֽ
Ῠ£Ȼ֪֪ҪȻҲ˱
ˣԲ֪Ԧ߲ͬλֻ֪߲ͣұͨ˸Ҳ͸Ϊ˱ʲô˵ֻ֪ҲֻһʣΪʱǵʱ׷ٿ
û֪ͻˣĿƬûӣȡһ֣½Ԧ߽˵
ΪʲôҪԸң½֣ʵ
Ϊ˹˵вҲһջǵõͿԼǵˣһٹʨǡ
һ£Ūôˣ벻ԼᱻЩ˶ϣԷôһǿԦϮɱԼֻǸ֪СԼ
ע⵽Ԧָһ䣬䲻⣬Ӷھ󽣣һ½Ԧնɱ


һٰʮ ϿȹȪ
ڵˣûκӵйŹҺΣյĵˡ
Ԧ˵ʵǳǿ²κһ¶ϾȻնɱʮϰٵΧҲ֮ʱ
֪壬Ԧ߶ȻҲ࣬ʨۼ类ɨƽˡʵµһҲֻһԦߣҶԷҪʹҲҪһ۵ģΪҲ
Ԧû뵽ȻͻȻ֣ѾΧ´ǹԼڵĿ磬ֻҪ飬ôͿӳ죬ֻĶˡ
ԦһȻͻȻ˿񱩵Уǲһйſ磬е࿪ʼ˹
꣬ǽԦϵƤ׺Ϳ䶼ȡȻʼ˼󣬾ôȻĿҰ޻๥ʱһãӴҰѾ˴룬ֻʮֻҸˣõķҲӵѪľҺԲϲԪ²÷Щﻹпܳ
ʱԭǼ;̫ľţոַ飬ÿһιĳײ·ײǵһ̶̼ӣ˵·ǼһѰ
ʱֱջ󿨣ȻŹɱ˳ȥʣȫɱ
һԾ֮ϣٷ롣ǼߣȻûʱȥǡ
֪˭ˣǴӢʨǵһǸСӵĶӳ뵽ʲôæе
ԭֲãֲô
ʨǵһˣǴֱʰضʬ壬Ȼһۣ
֪˭˵һ䣬˶Ӧ˹ǻ࿴һۣæһռɢһصϣ̶ͼģȥĴǧѷĻᣬǼȻЩ϶ȥôǵС̾ǹڣһԾΪСҲǲܡ
˿̣ѾŹ˾Ѫľڵ򣬹ٶȷɿ죬ҿмûʲôϰżɹļֻйҲƸܣԲһСʱѾﵽǸ
һѾǸ޴ѷϿȣĶ£滹ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣֱӿ˹ȻԾ¡
ͼǰһûʲô仯ѷľѪľɳʢԭժߵļѪľʵĵطҲ½һЩСʵ
ȻΧЩֲµĺǱøˡ
ʵһʱ̫࣬ʱߣѾŪװѪľҺĹʵڣѾתԪߣһʦйǿһҪŪʮѪľʵſϰݡ
Ϊ׷ͽһժʮ˳Щٿ׽ɱȴ޿κΣԪĽʽԽٽ飬̫࣬ͻʩչ׷˿һ̤Ѫľ֦д󽣾һ߰˸ʵͱ£һץֱ߰˸Ѫľ𣬶ʱٲŴ˷ӿ˹
Ǳˣһ¾޴ӣֻܱ۵׷׾
һȥЩѷѪľѾժ˸⣬˵Ҳֻ࣬ʮѡԪؾ֪ҪʲôΣգѪľҺֶȻԽԽãϼһЩߵѷڣֱԾ¡
ѪľǴѷģ϶иʵ
ѷʮףףǲߵ͹µģÿһ߰ףʮ²µײ̧ͷһͷѾһˡ
ԶǾѪľѷ֮£֦ïܣֿɱ˵ٸ࣬飬ͬһͬ˶ߵѪľʵҲǷ·ˮһ㣬ٺ֮ڶ
Ļüͷһ壬ռС׷磬ɱΧҲߡ
ѷϿĺǸ࣬ԱҪͺܶ࣬Щ䣬һע⵽ѪľȻһ̲ȪˮУҺܿʹһΪһ̲ȪˮΧȻǷ·𺮱һĽᾧ塣
һǸо½ͣԭ֮ô䣬ȫΪЩȪ
ȵϸһŷ֣ȪˮʮֹŹ֣ȪˮҪճܶ࣬Ǹ峺ӨΧı״ֳ׼Σһ£̸оһɰԪ
ǿԪѪľҺĻҪŨʮȲѣֱȻһͽһʮֳı
Щ͸оһĳ죬֮ǰĵԪٻָٶȸǱȹѪľҺҪһ
֪Լײˡ
ѪľڵȪһѪľҺѾǻָԪһֲҩˣȪɵĺᾧ
ŪһЩճȪˮЩȪˮҲһֲԪҩȻᾧҪѪľҺҪúܶࡣ
֪Щᾧ϶Ǿʱɵģ˵ֻôһ㡣ЩᾧȫߣһЩȿյѪľʵճȪˮ
˵ҲȡһЩ̷ȪˮȻǿټ٣Χʯ죬ʧ٣ͬһ㡣
棬Ѿȡ˲ЩȪˮҽ֪òֺˮȡߣѾǴˣʣµȪˮȡҲա
Щ㹻Լʹˡ
뷨ժһЩѪľʵųϹʨǡ
յһصʨǣǸ½ˣԷ֪͵͵Ǳʨǣͼ죬仹ԸԼȻŹԷ
½֪ˣǷƽӵĲı˵ΪڰͳıߣӵŻô죡ѯʣ˵
ӵˣ۾һУƺᵽһıζ
½֪·֪
һʹʨǣȴ׷ٿЧʧһֱڵʱȷϵ׷ٿԪʧϰӰ񣬿ʧҹɫСҪȥĵطǷίԱסҪȥ̽һ鱨
ķɭϵģڱѲߵľн䶼ܸǵһܹѵıȮЭͨδһ̤̾ͻᱻ
ֻǶ˵ҪܿЩȮ˵練ơ
һѾ˷ίԱı׶ߵǽڸ޷һԾͷ˹ȥϢʨǵѾԪԴĵίԱһ˿ǵƻͨ
һ¥ڴоأֱƵǽϣϵ¥͸һȲ̿ĿɿڴһĻ


һٰʮ ߼޻
һʮݻڣίԱ˿бǽϣؿڲһѺɫĴ󽣣ȻѾ
ӵɵϴʬµѪѾۼһ̯
֮⣬ϵóڷίԱؿڵľȻһѺھ󽣡
ãʶԾֻԼֺھ󽣣ڶԿʱʹù˽֪˿ίԱںھ֮£ɵҲ֪Լйϵ
ίԱΪʲôͻȻѾûʱȥ̽ΪѾŵˡ
Ǽ޻֪κ˷ַίԱʬ뵽ԼϣҶԷϺԼ˭֪ίԱԼйڣԷ˽Ǳ˵˲֪ôԼҲ˳ɱɡ
뵽ǳѿϢпң˿Ѿʮ־ˣȻʱᴳ
룬˦󿨣ίԱʬΧһ俨󣬵µϵѪʬ嶼䵽֮ڣߡ
һ̤󷨶أһ̣˽˼ӦײŶ롣
ͷһīΪ˹ĵˣŵ߰˸ֻǺ߽֮ɫʱһ䣬ƺô˼һĻ
½ıίԱң˵طոտˣҪ֪ӲίԱҿǴίԱ׷ǡ˿
ͷ½ıɫȴ粻ϸ˿Χûκη֣һշ䣬ûˣƺаšôܡҪߡ
ʱһס½ıⲻϹأίԱܽȥ
⻰½ıһĨ׺֮ɫֻҲûмȥϾ۾ƭȷʲôûС
ˣҶˣǷίԱ¥˵ʲôҲҪҵίԱ½ı˵꣬ϸһңŲĵ뿪ЩҲæ¥
俨УͷβһĻټǸ½ıı֣ѾŪôˡ
ֶΰҪɱίԱ޻ͷϣҲֻûа취סʬѪѾ·ˣʱ˭Ϊɱ˷ίԱǣίԱʱʨǶȻңҪǣԷ֪ʨǵУʨǵץΧɱңҷǸã˭˭Ӯ档תļ죬뵽Щؼ
½ıӦþǸ½Ҳ˵֪֪ԼɱԦߵ飬ȻѾԷ֪˵Ϊˣַ֪ݺ
ͷ˿ίԱʬͻĿȻʱܾȡ
ҲǾȡˣ
֣νĺھҲֻģƵĺھ󽣣Ū˾û⡣
ڷίԱûκΣֻ½ǲ˾֣ԼͻȻҪ﷢ʬ壬ԼһʦԲ俨ô͵ͬ½Ƶķչˡ
²⣬ԼʱͻȻҪɵǸ½ҲзߣΪԵ˺׼ԷбԷѾ뵽ԼԷΨһʧһǣ֪Լʦոǳ棬ԼսٸߣҲֳ
ƣǶƣѾ뵽ԷƻɣôԼ϶ʨ˺ҲﲻæԼȻʨǵʱⲻ˵ģǣǱʱܾ֮£˳룬ͿһٹǱʨǡ
ⲻǶƣʲô
ѾǸ½һҪĵղֶΣһǴԼԼȥԪؾǱҲ϶ᱻԷơ
ĻֶȻ࣬ǻ½Ķ֡
һʱ˺ܶ࣬ܿЦһԷˣôƵͬʱҲ¶˺ܶණ
ȣ½ʵս϶һ㣬ֱӶ䣬ҪЩӣҶԷ϶ǼɵԼҲرԼɵԭԼʵ
뵽ѾƻίԱȻԼԵɺϵײˣô;Բñ֪ٲڡ
俨еʬãȻֳһͬʱ俨ȻӺ뿪ܿڰС
ίԱʧٵ£ڼСʱѾǾʨǵĸ߲㣬ҹɫ֮£ľӿʼѰңڳǣǶŲ
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ȴǺƻĲͬ½Ȼ֪ĿͨδֻһԤ⣬Ҳ׼ȷҲ׼ȷ֮
Ϊˣ½Żðü޻ķǸ̫ǿ½Ԥ⵽Էһ鷳ζҪѾ֪ԷкܴܳΪʨǵίԱʱȻ׼һƬ˴鷳
ǷίԱʬȥʲôط
ѰһСʱصסʰһЩ鱨뿪ʨǣΪ½ѾЩԾˡ
ֻǵȵصڳǵסոտţȴüͷһ壬ᵽһ˿ѪȡһѹŹֵķȣһ°ƣǰһĻ½ûع
ķֱͦͦһʬ壬ʬϵãǷίԱ
½֪ãֻǻûʲôӦʹһɲʮӵͣ£ӳһǹľСΧס
ӵվһԡ
ˣ½֪ôˣԷԱ֮α
½ıҪҶίԱͻȻʧ٣Ѳ飡˵ҹеҲ֪ô£ֻһϵˣԽӵĵ绰̸
½֪ˣԼˡ
˿ʨǵһˣҵ͹ˣֻúܣ㣬Ҿ͵͵䲻͵ϮΪץסң
ô˵Լ˵ļˣ˿̴˵
ΣЩͼޱȣҪ˼̤ū۵ģʵǣֻǵԪԪ׵ĴڣΪԪݵԪϵսʿ޷ǿսʿͽ̤ƽˣֻܿ죬ǵԪԪݾͻ⣬ǸʱǲŻ֪ʲôǿֲ½˿֪ԼһѣҲͲαװˣָ˵ԭͣ˫Ŀ죬¶ݣһҲǷһâ


һٰʮ ίԱ
壬½Ȼһ
벻ʨǾȻ˵ˣ
پӵ˶¶˳֮ɫЩ壬˭ǼΪʹ޵ģǲ֮ͬìܣ¶ޱȣڣ޷ֱôһΣյ塣
ڣҲúЩͼنˣΪץסҵĻǾǴشûеƣҲǱʨǣ֪ԼԲôĶ֣½ȡһſƬȻó޵ֿһֱӼ
ֻЦſŶԷ½ƤͻȻһ
һ̣ġһ⽫ȻٷֻǸոշɳʮ׾ͷ·ײʲôطһŻǣײͷת½ڵأѾȫˡ
ΪʲôίԱʬʧΪʲôԦ߻ɱʧܣԭ಻ӵйȻһڵԪҲǼΪϡٵġʦոյסߵľΧ󣬶ٴﵽһ̶ȡ
һʦ붼ò˼飬ڵԪ确塯˴ӪҲû˲š
ͼ࣬ô󿨣Ϊʦ
½ţһʹӶķȣ׼翹ֻû̧ͷһԴͷɹ
ˣǸļӢɱˣ꣬꣡һǸͷǰһץ𣬴
ܿ죬ӦԽԽֻ࣬
꣬꣡
һ̣ʹࡣǸ½ͷͷľе˵ͷԷǶͰھӵֵܣһ˴óĻ˵˵ˣҲԿɣ˵ûˡ
ʣһ¼һʱﵽ˶壬֮󣬷ַίԱʬǸ巿ȻǱǸɱģʨͬ飬ԷȻɱһʨǵίԱֱǳս
ʨǵ಻ͬƣһ¼ܿȻ󲨡˵ڶʨίԱٿ飬ӦԵİ취ڻϣΪίԱ֮һҪΪίԱ飬ûκ谭ȫƱͨ
ǿ֪ɱǸѾ˿Ѿʨǣǲͬ⣬˵䣬ΪίԱ˵û˿Ȼû˾ܾ
һ˳ĽʨǵȨġ
Ҳظϵܣôһ¿˶죬Խ㵱ίԱûκ˸˳üֱҵ󡣡
飬˻ı֪п϶è壬ϾרŽйȥġֻǶĻҲʣ֪ӽ쿪ʼѾƽƽˣҪ˶ãԼԷġֻҲûΣίԱԼĹϵãơ
Ȼ߶ԷȫԼݵһϷֻϧԼ֮⣬˶ǱԼڹȻùŹ֣ܴûϸʡ
ͬ˵Ϊ¼ҪΪίԱûκʵϣ֪ɱǸ½ֻûκκôԶЧá
䵽ʨһͬʱõ˺ܴȨҲ´ԼΪίԱĵһ
Ǿʨȫ֧ǱķչʨҢԱֵˣͬʱ塢ϼΪԼĸֺ飬ȫȨʵʩԼȨԼڵʱ˾ǴίԱ
ţԼµԴǱҪԽʨҲһ¡
鶼һһ˳УΪ½ίԱĹϵǱչΪѸ٣ϼͶһǱƸˣֱӽǡ
˼ĳǱ
һºѾģΪɽºΧγ˲پۼأԽԽԽ࣬ܿ췢ΧɽУһ֡Ԫ󡯣ֵǣǷǳĲϡһ£Ƕӷչľ߸ࡣ
֮⣬Χһ͵Ĺ󣬸һЩԼĽһֻҪ߰˸Ԫļǿ˵ǹ
ʱ󿨣ÿ󣬾ȻһҹͻУ󿨺Ϳֽһ˼Уȫƾо˦һЩ󿨣Ȼǲһ
ΪʦĵȼȫɾĿԪǿģһһõĿ󣬾ҪԶһ²⣬Լе˶ʦľ硣
ʦԪȼͬԪȼҪضķܽʦȴҪ򡯣򿨣һյʦĵߣͬʦڸˣҪΪʦǱģԺĽȴˡ
˵ӦѾΪ˶ʦûʹöʦ򿨡
ʵǲˣȷܲöȴǲʵ
ͻȻ֮䣬뵽Լ̷һλƽѪҺйأ֮оԼǶԪֻǶ󿨵򣬶֮ǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
ܳΪʦǺ¡
ǣ²ΧĿ󣬽һȫһԼ뿪ǿҲԵֵˡ
վǵĸ̨֮ϣΧļ񣬳һЩʨǵĴŶӺ̻ˮש޽ݣֳɾ͸оˬ
һֳɾ붼룬һˡ
½Ǹ֪˵ĻҲʮ⣬ԷᵽԼڵ磬ҲǵԪ绹һֽԪݡĶţ⼸Ԫ룬ԪһʧŻиǿĵ˳֡
ѾĴӪļңȻҪúþӪͱ
˿ڳ֮ڣԶţϼ󡢶塢Ʒɡա³ʦڣ򡢰ݣ÷ǣ顢üСҲڡںܶ߶Χ½ľסӣ̶һ£ǰܱߵ˿Ѿͻ򣬶ڲӵС
ЩǴʨǹԽ𡯵ģʨǣȥѾһʮʱֵˡ
Ҳ֪ԼǰԪؾʵˣԪĽ⣬ԼĿǰʵ޷ǵİΣʱǻѷ֮ʱҪء
ȻҪ뿪ϢҲ֪ʨǵӢۣǵĵߣȻע࣬뿪Ϣȥ˵ʲôӡ
һξϼûȰȻҲǴͿֻһšΪҪ룬ڼǰϼͽĻ˵ˣǱףҵϾͺ˯һ
һ죬˷һҹֻܱͬʹҰޣϼˣȻһߣʱǿ̫࣬ɱŪ˯һŻ
ֻǼˣ⼸ϼҲϺһΪϾҪ뿪˵ӦúܻܿǾܵȡȡ
鶼ϼ˵ȥԪؾͰиλˡ
ģͽǣ򣬿ֵѵֿ˿ϼһ˫۾˾ģȡ˴Ϳ


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һ ǿʳ
һҫ۵ĹâΧԪͻȻ飬ʧ٣һо߷ХһԼȻڴӸ߿տ׹ȥ
һָ߶ȵȥ˵ԼֻԪԪļûһЩֶκͷȥҲǱɡ
ȫǱ鲼ʯɽأ֮ԿԶĵطһͨȻǷ·֮һ㣬ΰ޴󣬿һ۾˸еһĤݵ顣
ֻû˼оԼִԪʧЩΣô˵ԼͿ϶ǲдƷڰоʧЧ
ʱ䣬ͼ׹ǧףǼɽʯˤȥûкãȡƬ޴ĹХ֣չ˫һӾʹֹסơ
ܿȻأһƬ¶ļʯʮּӲôˤ˵ɡ
Ͱķɳ
ͰķԿԿԸһԪؾʶҲ㣬˵֪
ֻһɳһǹӾ澢ʤָ֪һˡ
ʱҲӦ˹ոԼӦܵĳֹΧԪֲͻȻ顣
û˦ֶ󿨲һ俨󣬽ķԼȻ˹Ҫʲô˹Լ
ԪΪܣҵʡҲûмģӦþνԪؾֻİĻ˽⣬νԪļҲûʲôͷҪһϤʡ
ڶ俨ûã̿ͷٷܿ£ˡ
һͬͯСļΪ׳ŵɫףץһĿᣬһϣźصĽףץһѷĿн
һĴֻ̽˼ӲݾǼӲʯͷʲôûС
ˣǸһ϶ôһգ۵ĹͲˣǸӵĳ˵õͬǵԪͨһ˵ǵݡ
òķƬ̫ͣǼһ˰ɣ߸ӵ˵
ᣬǲǵһˣÿζɹģҸոƺһٻһ͵ķ˵ˣ¿ҡҡͷҲԣ÷ߣǿ϶Կԣ϶ǲΧˡ
һһߴĺĿᣬȡ˼ſƬһʮֻȮٳܿȥ
֪ЩȮ϶ͨūֻͣ£俨󲻹ǿΣζ˵ڿ棬ǿǹ涼ֺ
ϴǸӵӦĸߵذˣǸ߸ӵͨˣʱ˵
ˣһ㶣ʵҲࣿ
ԣǵԪҪǿ׳һЩǵܶࡣͷ˵
˵ͷһߵذ˺˶ֻԪʵʵҲǺҹ塢ƣǿҲǿĶȥǱȲϺʹڵʵһ˾Ϳ׽˻ɱûκԥȻ󳷻俨
ͻȻֱֵ֮һһԭһϲֻİķԼֱӴ
Ԫؾ鼴ҲǷǳ߹壬Զܱģ˵İķ͹ˡ
ǿӣ԰ķļɵʤ
ʦˣǸߵذ˿ĭʵ
Ѿ֪ʦڵԪ确ԪʥáԪȼĻ֣ҪȵԪҪ߼ܶ࣬Ҳֲǻ˾¡
ֻû˵һ˱񱼣׼һԵģͬһֻķߡ
ôߣȴһ֣һӴĺӰ˲ȥһҽУǸ˺ķȫҧΡ
ĿƬԼ䡯֪ͼ죬ȻҲ˵Լʵǿ˵ԼѾˣȻǿʳǾûʲô˵ġ
ǸߵذĿɿڴĿűҧͬ飬Ҳûѣ˭Լͬı£ԪһΪĽʿԪؾĥһ࣬ǼΪ͵ҰҲնɱ˵¸¾ͿԴԪǵһٲ㣬ΪԪļ
ڣȻǱҧĻᶼûС
ԼͬһԵ󲿷޹״˿̷·ֽƬһ˺ƣߵذ˾͸оЩ鴤Ǹ޴ĹԲԪƣ϶Ԫļ
뵽ֿܣߵذ˾͸оԼȶЩתԪļôûκʤ㣬ԼᵱһЩĿƬҲļĶ֡ˣ֪ԷôԲ鷳
㣬ǲԪؾʵùɱǸˣһΪԷҪӣҲΪҪʣµߵذ˵ʵ
ʻǸߵذ˼æ˵ͷ
ӺѾ֪飬ԪؾֻͼԪؾԪﵽԪľҪԪļҪҪܼ򵥣ǾͨԶǸ޴ġԪһٲ㣬뵽һԪؾС
ߵذ˽ԪؾѾһʱˣһֱĥʵףҪԪļԲһ׵¡
ȻҲ˶ԷΪʲôҪԼǸߵذ˲ѣ˵ˣܶ˶ִҽ飬Ҫ̵һЩôֻһãײһ塣
˵ͷȻŸߵذϵĿᣬȻöԷ뿪ϲɱ˵ķӣߵذ˸вԼԷΨһͬҲҧˣ˵һˣûҪɱ¾
ߵذɴ⣬æĿߣһԵķҲջ
ַԪձ飬˵һЩϿԪ򵽣룬̫ҡߵذ˵Ȼ󲿷ֶǵԪżҲеԪԪʥãǸһԪ˽룬ȻͬԪǸ߼ԪʵԲС
ʱ˵⻰ʱ򣬸ߵذ˻͵͵һۣа㲻һԪʥõʦ
Ȼߵذ˲֪ԵԪģǻ𾪡
֮ɱԽֱǼҳ㷹ûκιԣΨһĹȭͷ˭ȭͷ˭ǹأһʵΪǿʳĵط


ڶ 鹫
ջ˹ֻðķߣųǸߵذµķޣٷԶԪȥ
ԪؾУԪ˽Ĺؼոߵذ˵Ļ˵ֻҪܴԪһԪؾôͿԽԪļֻҪȥҪһٲ㣬ÿһ㶼ǼΪѣΣءΣֻԽԪ֪
һʱʹȥ
ٶûй죬ҲˣڷϣԪȥķſ߼ϣһȣһǴ˯
ʱͻȻǰƮһȺ棬ȻոߵǸߵذˡ
һŷ֣ڿƮģȻһ飬Լûм飬Ҳ˿£Ǹߵذ˴˿һֲ԰ںһʲô
Ȼ߲κνͣȴһץצӷ·ĵƬ˲ͽĸߵذ˽ʳһƬѪ
޴һЩôȻƭ˵ĿѾһλʦߣһǺĻ˭ţʦǵԪԪʥõˣôܻǹһͼĸߵذ˵Ķ˻ãǸɱߵذ˵սʿһֲԿʮʵɭɭ߳ף֮ƯڿУٶȷɿ졣
ԶʮƵսʿڴӵһŹֵ
ȥʮֺᾫ¿󣬳һֹŹֵī֮ɫڳһֻϡŮԣһ֪ŮԵͬһ顣ģƥǿ׳ӦһٶȼĽͨߡ
ʱЩ鷢˲Զ·˻һһ˹
飬ոǸսʿ˵ĻѾȫˣ֪ЩԲͨɫ·뿪û뵽ûлᡣ
Щ鲻ҪκηߺǷеٶȼ죬գ֮ʹﵽǰΧס
һȻһԿӷݹ£ϽеĿƬ»ԭ񣡡Ǹɱ˸ߵذ˵սʿ˿һָ߸ϵ̬˵ţƺѾǶĪʴˡ
ֻ⻰ȴǾúЦ
Цʲôûֻ·ʲôʱӹǵĹ˵꣬Ǵ뿪óЩսʿȻԪһΪǿ󣬾˵ղŶԷ׻ɱǸͬΪԪĸߵذ˾Ϳɼһߡ
ֻ£ԷȴӦ
ĻǸսʿһ㶣ȻǴŭһΪ̶˻Уצץ
ǲ鷳鷳սʿԼδ
ӭеʱһּٶȷ˹ﴫһ
ǧʯûӡǧʯղǸߵذ˵ʦɣϧ֪ʦڣǧʯ׸ңͿ뿪ˣ
ǳöȻͬһֵͳĹУ˵ĸоȴǺܺáֻоܲãǰǸսʿԼеĶŮ˾ȻǿھҪķ
ķ˭Ļ飬ķԼֵܣԼôֵܽ͸ˣ
ʱֱЦˡ
սʿǸݹµŮˣǵҸоʵ̫ˣƾһ仰ԼҪͷʵǿЦ
ǣ̴߶ޣתߡ
⵹ΪģоóǸŮ˾Բ򵥣кΣյĸоԼĸоʱѡ뿪
֪ôץסɱͼˣǸǧʯҪĸҴŮ˷һȻ
ƺ˵ԼֻҪҪԷͱҪǾǴ治
ǣݵ£ǼսʿһŹֵ⣬һ˻ţ׷˹
Щսʿٶȼ죬ֻǷ˼ǧ׾ͱ׷ϣʱѾٶ̫
ֻ֪ЩսʿٶȿǳģǸٶȸǿ죬Ǻ׷ͻᱻ׷
ðµˣɣȳսʿһֲ˻УȻĿиצץ
̸о󱳴һɼΪΣյĸоæԾ𣬵µķȴ꣬˲ͱɱ
治ʮףʣ£ֻڰգһսʿͻһ繥˹
ԷץǾǷ˼ջ𣬶ԷͱˣȻҲµȡھ󽣣ӭͷһ˳ȥ
ৣ
һŻԪͬһ޴ĵֱ꣬Ǹɱȥ߸벻ǿĽûüӦͱ
ֱӱ飬һҽŵӰӷɢ׸ߵĵطȻսʿһɱˡ
ʲô⼸սʿŭͬʱҲǴ󾪡
ȻԪսʿʵȴǿ׻ɱԪĴڣһͬݵ½ԪļԪؾݺһ£˵ɱ˭ɱ˭û뵽쾹ȻǱһзɱ
ԶķݹǷŭǵԪʥءϣװҪڵԪ磬ĵλߣΪļƹʥءϣװû˭˼Ҫʲôܵõʲô
ǽ죬˾Ȼɱӣ÷ݹܵ˼ġ̤
٣ôΪġ
ȻɱҵӣҪһּٶȷķݹ˦ſƬֲֻ޳
Ȼ֣Ǿǲ£Ҳ֪νķݹͷԷ˦޾ȻԪļĴڣ֪֪Է򵥣ٻֻԪļޣôͨˡ
ֻڣԷͷĪҪķԼ͵øҪɱˣǱɱ˻Ҫɱ
ֵ
˫ֳֽϣӭŶԷͷ޴ޣնһ׶೤İ½
ֻȻԪļȹԶˣɱĺʹ磬ʵȴܿ죬һ½һնֱӽһͷնΣ½ȥƲֱնǸ
Сģսʿ˿Щ³ʲôʧǿ˵ɡ
½ܿնϣֻȻһֻǳһۼûܵκˡ
ķݹɫ࣬˦һźɫƬһ̿Ȼһɫ磬Զ


 ǧԪһ
һɫͣæ˦ŷÿȻѾ編ֱӼͿʹá
˲䣬һʯƣһ֣ܳɫ确ءء£Ȼֱӻϡ
޴ҵ׿ôܱͨķסˣڵķݹһЦ
׵統ͷ£ֻоԼһ˲䶼ʧȥһ㣬ʲôонʧûгãµѪܵһɫһָ˸о
ȴľǾʹо£ûһطۣƤǻʹȻոһɫжôֲ
˵һɫѾԽԼɱˣΪʲôԼû֪Ǹոã˶ԷҲ˵
Է˹ҲǱ˸λû뵽Ǹ鹫ٶȻô죬Ҳû뵽Էһ־Ȼ˰Ե˿ԥٻ˹ˡ
ԪļĹһ֣ǼսʿķݶǴһ
ʲôԪļūͣã£սʿæǰ诣ǸݹҲһǿǹûʲôͻɱһ¡
ܿ죬Ǹ˷ܡ
ΪʥصһϲľǺڰǿޱȣһۿȥϲޱȣѾռΪе˼ֻҪϵĶӦ
㣬ǧʯ׸ңҿ㲻ոɱҵ£Ҳƽϣ˿˵ǿ·ʩᡣ
شģȴЦ͹
һ̣һ˺һսʿһצĵϣĺۼ
ʱǷݹһ˿֣һУҼסˣţʱңҶŹ㣡
˵꣬һּٶߣսʿ״ҲǸ뿪ǲɵܶԸģֻܵңǵѾ뿪
û׷ɱһٶ̫죬ȫٷжһ׷ϣˣһԷǿԮùĻԼ
ûе飬ֱϹ뿪
ոյսǰķŲóڵʵѾЩˣ·ϣЩͷ
ûǸһļӵмǿķǺܿĳʥص壡˵Ǽɵ
ʥص壿𣿡ʵ
ԣԺòҪǣ壬ʥؿǶǲã˵꣬ԶƬĿ䡣
ˣƬ̺ʹһϿȣһĵطʼ˿ڡ
ѪľҺ˿϶ǱģֻһǺɫɵ˺ǿϵʱ䳤бʣȡһѪľǸŹȪˮȪˮᾧûã̫ģһһ㣬ֹȪȽϺá
ֹȪָԪٶȣѪľҺһڣʹ˿ûһСʱϵ˿ھͺ˰˳ɡ
Ѿ˿ˣһЩϡеĲҩ˿Ҳǲܡ
˿Ԫؾ鵱УҲֻм죬ΪԪؾ֮һ˵ֱ̬ģû֮һ
ָ֮һ壬оûκ⡣
ʱһŷϿڲľïܣвٿ˿ĲҩһЩϡвҩ
֪Ժ˿ⶫԽԽã˿ͬԽ࣬ԽߣԲҩƿֶԽͿԽ߼˿
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£ǸͼӵйǲǶ֣һսʿ˵
֪ҪҵĸѰҿϵĶҪŪ֣˵ţݻζһָϾĿ䣬ȡһſƬһ̣һſƬͻһ⣬ʧ١
ǴϿȷɳ֮ѾǹȥСʱû뵽ԪؾеҩݣȻҹɭл࣬ȼߣҸϡССʱʱ䣬ҵ갵ʮЩɶĺö˿һЩū͵ƶԿٻظ
˿սʹãٻظơ
Ȼٶȷɿ죬֮ǰ鹫ǿȴǸ˸ѣԪؾУûʵóȻֻǰķ϶ᱻ˼ʣǳᡣ
ǷɳϿȺ㽫ͰķҲѡз裬뷨½ϣӦҪȫܶŶԡ
֮ǰԦߵĿ䵱Уҵ˼šѱ޿ֶԽҰѵɡһĶǴһЩڱܵޣѱԼ
ɭٶҲһسڶսһЩβʺ
Ԫؾ֮ǰûмַͬޣǰһȺ·һ
˿ַֻ̣·Ϣһ£þĶΧĶǽ׳֫ԿЩǳڱܡ
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ѱ޿൱ãֻūͲͬǣЩѱҰʱƣҲܱ
ˡӺ󣬿񱼵ĽѾԶԪٶȺܿ죬ȫ֮£ֱͬʻһ㣬ֻˣҲСʱŵԪ¡
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ûе飬ȻԪļҪϵһٲôҪԡ
ԪмϢǿأһ͸о⼸ԪļӦԪؾרſԪġ
ֻǾҪʱ鷳ԭҪԪһԪԪ٣Ȼ뿪ǵʱ˺ܴһָϼͶǣҲǧԪӦ㹻ֻ֧ǵȵһʣָԪҪǧԪ


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һʼΪԼˣǧԪʲô
ʨǣǧԪκζҪͬʱ߶еػ߿ƬֻάֱǹͷһһҹĶ㹻ˡ
֮ǧԪһǳӴһһĵԪٶ㣬ҪǧԪ죬Ҫʱ䡣
ΪԼһǧԪǸһˣʵϣȴֻһ̡
˽֪ԪؾһǧԪֱƨ㣬ܶ˶ӵԶԪ
Ԫڵ壬ʵǶʵһּ飬ͬʱҲһĥһ˵ԪԪļҪνԪÿһνԪҪȥǧԪûԪܳɹԪ
ȻԪؾҲ˭Ǵ󸻺һ׼ô࿨ƬǴ󶼻Ԫؾܾãʱ䵽ʱ䲻ȣʱ䳤ˣȻԻܺܶԪһڼегһЩϡпƬȡԪ
ҲԪ¼γɵ
ЩϢһ߲ʮ֣·һ̽ģȻΪˣ֧˶ʮԪ
ӣܿʲôöϡпƬūڼۻȡԪ´ʲôҪľң˵꣬СһߣһԼһ²ܻܹһԪĿƬһΣһҪȡʮ㡣
ӶԷ֪һһνԪģƽԵǵʮңڶοܻǵʮϣԴƣҪһٲ㣬еҪΣеҪ࣬ˣԪŻ˽Ρ
룬תȦʲôȻ
кܴ󣬾ĸﵽ֮࣬⻹ڼڵģ˵Ĺģ
￴ͬʿһ壬Ҳ˻ͷ壬֮ǧٹ֡
ȻڵģҲ壬˵û˭رע
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ϡпƬᣬǿ䣬ʳֱǧٹ֣˳ū
ȻνŬӦǱϴٹĵùûκοƬż̵Թκ£ȻҲÿöԷԪ
ΪԪ£ִﵽԪļάû˸֣á
תһȦҲզ࣬۵Ķ󲿷ֶһͷԷеķޣֻҪʮԪͿ򵽣ȻǷҲеȼߵȼģɵÿģȻҪһЩķޣһַ·һٶȼ죬ۼ۾ȻߴǧԪ
ֶֻҪȥֻͿԽһԪֻ˲࣬ĶԪ˭һ̤ϵһٲԪԪļдڱ֧֣˭һԪ
룬Ҳһطһ̯λ
Ȼ۵ĶҲװϡпƬҲûж٣ոתһȦּûг˿ģ⡣
ԪؾУ϶ٲ˴򶷣ǿ϶ˣˣõĶ˿һӹɣŻ⡣Ҷڵһ˿ѾǼ죬һΣ۵ľ˿
̯λڳûã̾ע⵽ˡ
һǣһƥŻҲۣһ߸ߵļñֳһȵߵ̯λǰ˿
ɨһˣͷɫ۾Ƿ·һɫɢʮǿϢ
˿ô˿˿̿۵ĶǺöʵ
һ˿ʮԪ˿ʮԪ˼۸ﲻ²ʶ˿û˳ۣŽɱ༸Ԫ˿굽۸
˵ʵ۸Ǻܸˣԣַʲôʱܻܹ㹻ԪԪ
ɲķѼʱ䡣
ǻһĬһŵܹ󣬲ɾӣˣŶ˿
˵꣬ݹһٶʮԪ
׺˳Ҳò˼飬벻ôͿˡֻ֪Լ˿Ҳ࣬ҳȥԼԼõģܳ۵Ҳ࣬˿Ԫĸֲҩ˵пԿٻظԪѪľҺǹȪˮȪˮᾧҪ˿ֻԪǶʱڿɵġ
ôһõĿʼ
˿ȷг˵һ˿ͣеڶʱ䲻ڳ˿ͱһգ˼۸񣬵һͶ˿
룬ʱ䣬˳ŰԪֻһͶ˿Ҳһʣʣµļ˿ǸԼŵģɲۡ
ʰ̯׼ҰһЩҩ˿ʱһϰΪˣ°˿˹̯ӣæʵ˿ܲһţмã
һŮԣ˵°ϰǳãŮֻһĻأ˶زڣ¶⣬ܷϸ֫ļ⣬͹Ľϡ
һŮԣҡҡͷ˿ˣҪĻһ
˿ˣŮȻ൱ʧ䣬ۿѾ顣
ˣˣˣɭˣû˿ֲ죡
һ֪Է϶Ϊ˾ˣ˿ŮԣԷӦвԪԼﻹٲֲҩһŶ˿Ӧùˣһ⡣
뵽ȡ˼ֲҩȻʼƿ
Ů޴֮䣬ĶҲһ̷Ӧ˹
˿̫ˣ˿ɭоˣλԸ˫Ǯ򣡡
˵ͷϲûͣ£ֳ˿ĳ棬ȻǾԼģ˲˵ע⡣еˣѾ¶̰ɫ
ķӦЩĻˣ£鷳ǶԼкô
ܿ죬˿ϣŮæȡһԪԷܽãǽŶ˿ݸԷ
ŮȻʮָмߵʱ뵽ʲôæ͵͵ҪСˣǿõʲôԪһ˿϶Ļ죬ǲҶ֣ǿǺ޹˼ɣǧϴ١
רԼŮȻĵزЦЦһлȵŮ뿪ЦһԼá


 ˭˭
ո뵽ˣҪԼҪܹǧԪٿҲҪʮ죬ʱ䣬ҵһδͨһٲ㣬һεǲһٲ㣬һǧԪҪ֪£Աӿٶȡ
ĻԪķ룬ˡ
Ǿ١
Ԫķ޺ƲԸҪ˵ĿƬȷʵЩѣ˲ĿƬǶԲǲ
ԼʵǺŵģ֮ǰúţƵ鹫ǱԼ͹ĶӣͨԪļǰһ̲ˣ˵ֻԪ
⽫һ׬ԪȡȻΧ˿öĿɿڴе̾˿ɵԪⲻԼ鷳𡣶еĿ¶׹⣬ͷ̸ȻѾˡ
֮󣬽ƬйҪԼֵ˿϶֣ȻȥֱϽ뿪
׷ȥǼһһ׬ǧԪ˵ĸ࣬ЩƬɲܱ˱ˣ뿪ıӰе߳һͷˣϵ׼ֱͬװ׳һ񣬳˳صС
İɣͼͼѾǰˣǴӺԷƺûзޣҲӲǵƣһԣһͷŷЦ
ܺãͷЦһŤͷۣɨһۣɢһɿֲɱ
в˼ԣǸ׼˲֡
˼忴ͷҲǴͷһʵǿԪؾҶԪʵķҲͷŵ˿ԵǵԪĲϡ
Ǹͷļһ˵ѾԵǵʮϣѾǳӽԪļˣԷͬʵҲĶԵǵʮϣȻûԸЩͽȻԪؾҲһĵĹأڡ򡯣ֻеһϵ˲ܳɱ˼ǿȻ˾˼ҲûӲˡ
ϧˣǸһвԪͼͼǰһˣһݹ񣬴ɫͬһ忴׷ȥĻͷˣԹԵ˵
Žǰ񱼣ٶȲţ׷Լ˿϶зӦһ׷Լ
˲ӣͣΪǰѾһˡ
Էһˣǿ׳ż̵ףվūͣȻʯͷˡ
ʯͷһԪƤǸ˾ȻԼūͻҪ߳һͷϣץһѶͷ⿴ϰٽˡ
ǰֻһˣʱЩʧԼԽԽã̵ĺôֻһˣǺô϶ʮޡ
ǰ·֪˿̵뷨Ȼ׳գͼͼԪؾҲһСˡ
ΪԪ࣬ͼͼƽһƶ壬ԪܵԪѾǧ꣬ϰԪͿƬĴڡ
ƶҪͷأͱԪȼռǿĿƬֻпܱСļΪʿһµµΪ䡣
ͼͼΪֶκҲԲϵﵽԪһ󣬾ͱصСļǴСŮƭԷõԴգԪɱǸСȡ֮
ֻͼͼ㣬Ҫøǿ󣬳ΪߵԪȼ
ԪؾѾȹ߸µʱ⣬Ҳǵ˵ڰʮԪ˵һξͿԵһٲ㡣
ǽԪķãҲЩһǧԪϿκСˡ
ѲͼͼԪؾ֮ͽʵ˼Ͷͬ飬רŽɱӶԪ
һ˵ǽɱĶʵǿˣͼͼܴһµƶֵλԲɵӣ෴ܴ֪ʲôʲô˲
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֮˸ǣΪӵǿʵ
ͼͼģԼһҪΪˣֶҪŪԪԪ
ͼͼ촽Ҫ㶨ǰ˵׾٣ҲԼͬһ˾ͿԽ㶨
㲻ͬˣƺͼͼ뷨ӽ˵̬ɡ
ͬͼͼ˶ԳԶһͬ϶ԼҪǰǿ׳ҪٻԷҲ֮ǰսʿˮ׼
⻰ͼͼһ㶣Ц㵹ȤȻ֪ҵ⣬ôʹ㣬еĿƬȻʵʵ˿ҿԲɱ㣬㲻ҪӣͼͼǰӲߣ
ͼͼ˻һūõģ۵Ŭ϶С˵ͬʱ׷ϹĻͷ˺ͷҲͼͼԷ£˶һ˷ܣΧס
һӦöٽԪһΣԪһξûеϸߵ¥㣬ʵҲͻͽ࣬Զǵջܴ
ͷҲأͼͼ˵ģǵûˣ
޿ֵӣͼͼҲͻȻʲôطԣֻһ룬ԷһԪܷʲô˻ЦôĪΪӳǵƣ
ҡҡͷӣ˭ҪӣԼеԪǲô
ͼͼ⻰·𲻸ԼĶһ࿴һۣʧЦͷ·˶ôЦЦһ㡣

ͼͼȻһЦѾǶɱ⣬⸽˭֪ͼͼֶΣȻСˣŶͷ˴˸ɫóٶϮɱһЩʵǿģͷ˵Ĺ֪ô¾ͱɱˡ
ͷ˻⣬ȡһѶ̱ذףȻٶȼ죬ֻڿһӰ
ܶ˶ǱһϮɱģһΣյһ룬ǰͻȻʧ٣ӰӶû£ͷ֮䣬ͻȻоͷΣϮûʲôӦͱһ֧󽣴ϵ´̴˵ϡ
ȻҪ֣Ȼ׷磬õԼͱɱ˵ĿϮɱ׷ɱֱСơ


 
գ֮䣬ͷ˾ͱɱһĻͼͼǻͷ˶УǶûпԷôֵģͷ˾Ѿˡ£Ǿ֪һǿˣͷȻʵģҲ˿ɱͷˡ
ͼͼǻͷ˶˾ȻǷͷߡ
ԪؾٵĶǼΪùʹ򣬴򲻹ܣ涨ɣǲŲΪͬȥɵı˵˱ʱֵĵˣȻǸߣ˭˲˭
ȻЩߣֻһһһֻٻ׷ϻͷˣԼźھ׷ͼͼ
ͼͼ˿̱ˣ϶ǷļһȻҡһ䣬¶˼˶ǣԼֻߡ
Ȼջ𣬵Ҳ֪Էʵף϶ҪԼҪǿ˵ͼͼƽʱɱˮѱ˵һ£ŵԼϣǾһˡ
ֻû˶Զͱ׷ͼͼ֪ԷٶҲԪԼֻǻͷӦս
ʯͷūͿһ½ʯͷֱնĶΣԪʯͷʵսʿ࣬ɱûκ⡣
ͼͼһһԷʵԶԶԤƣŶִ˿̶ЩǧƴǾ֪ԼԲ˵Ķ֡
ͷˣʯͷūͶǱԷɱԼȫҲֲ˶ãĽҲ·һ
뵽ͼͼԴһת뵽һ취ڵϡ
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˵ţͬʱָϵһöȡ˫ŷϡ
еĿƬ棬֮ǰϹۣǵֻҪŹңұ֤ҲңԸ⣬ҿԵ£ռԪ
Ϊ˻ͼͼʲôһδĿĲֶεˣıԲʲôģֱֵһᡣ
ֻҪӹһ٣պ󱨳ҲǸСһɱ˶Է
Է˹ϣҲԤϣŹҪͶԷսһû뵽
ֻͼͼҲɵӣ֮ܶսܸоͼͼͶԲԣҶԷո͵͵һľٶҲû۾
ˣۺͲֵεˣȻǲὣֱӴ˹ȥ
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ͼͼһţ󣬵û뵽
ȷ϶Է󣬲ŴӶԷһؿڴȡһ䡣Ȼһ߷ˣ֪˶ˣϸֻһ䡣
ȵһ֪һȻû˵ʵԷ֮ǰԼǸȻҲԪֻмţԷĿԪǧš
ܿ׷ɱͷ˵ĹҲˣͬʱ˶ԷĿ䣬ȵٷ˿ԪóһˣԪȻǧţѾ㹻ԼһԪˡ
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ȻҲ֪ԼãԼһķ֮ǰǸߵذˣѳζǹҲԪ
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һʱ䣬һЩ˾˴ˣһЩ˾Լ˴ˣΪǾлȥɱ
ֻһЩ֪Ǳ²˵˸ɵͼͼˡ
ܿ죬˾ͿԪģһʱ䣬֪ôˣһʼ˵Ԫ϶ȻҲ̯ˣǳȥһ˺ֱԪ˵ʲô
˵Ԫ㹻һԪҲ˵ԭɱԷͼͼ˵ǷɵҪȻΪʲôûл
һʱ䣬Χ忴Ѿ˼ɵ֮ɫһЩԭˣҲǰе̰ԺͼͼһȽϣԼ˵Ķ֣ǰܸɵͼͼԼôǶ֣
׼룬ЩȴԪÿֻ翪ţѾʱ䣬
һ⻰ôֹ涨˵һҲûʲôһʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
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ԪؾֵǮȻԪΪǽԪıƷ
Ԫôģ
ҪһһھԪһҲ˿Ԫūͳ˺ܶ˻ԪԴ
ȻνūҰⱻϴٹĵùū·һڵезһЩӵǿսū۸ȻߣȻһЩӵūҲֻ⵱УŮū³Ϊҡ
ܶ˹ŮūΪ˷йĸŮܻӭģģΣģŹ֣ҲûŨܵëһһ
˿̣һū˼ϣовŮԣǴŵ·ūţӲߡ
⵱УһԱΧҪСŮū˫ۣ˫ţսսŶ̷ɫȻЩ԰㲣ȴһ۲۵Ůˣһ׵׵ĵֻ࣬ΪһЩԵɺԪؾ
˿̺ܺ£ֿ־ԪؾһˣȻԪ棬ʵĺܿ죬쵣£ΪﲻǼ磬ÿһǿ
֮ǰյһЩҰֶΣһЩ˼ĵطһµʱ䣬ǾڲǰСı巢֣ͱץ
һľ̨ʮɫľūվһֱ³ΪһŮԣȻЩԣֱҪԵǺεȱҵ顣
뵽Щټǿ˿Ҳᡣ
ЩɢϢ˿û۾ԼԸоԷֲ⣬һ̣ˡ
ʱͻȻǰ߹һǣŽˣϵöԷΪǸ˺һ࣬һ̣ȻӿһϣǸ˺ң


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ǣŽһطҹȴͻȻһϤ
֮ϤΪǱ׼ͨ
Ԫؾȫͨԣһͨĸоͬ˵һȻ൱С
̳ķȥǰǳūĵطģһŮū
ŮūıҪСܶ࣬ҲһϣڵŮԵѾǳ͵ˣļãȻƾɵĿۣܷϸͽȴǳŮԵС
̷޳ĲһӢ֮Уֻ£ı۾ֻп־塣
ϸ˶Էһۣʮ죬ܿˣüͷһ壬߼ǰͨãô
̷ŮۼʶãʱҶϺ˶ȵģҶϺ˶ۼأʱΪҪѰϼǣ뿪ۼأߵʱҶϺˣһʨֻôʱȥˣҲûҲôһˡ
Ԫؾʮ־棬ôܻ
֪꣬ڲ⻰ʱһ磬ūǱūڷӦȽ˵
ø˵ʲô̱һԵūӳһӡ
죬ո˵ʲôģһֱ˵Ϊưͣûҵ㲻׼˵ūһǿ׳׺ݵˣĺӣ¶ֱ¡ļ⡣
ͬūӻ߰ˣԪʵ˿̵һۣȻҲ˺ץūʶ
ҲǳеģϾū֮ǰҲͨˣҲͬ飬ֻһ˵һץūͳǵ˽вƲȻǶʮֲϲ
СӣʶӣҵĲƲҪһͳۣ˭ļ۸ʣ͹˭һūӰĵ߹Ц
ΧλĻɫܲǵеļŮūѵõľƷǵΣٿǵƤйԪֵˣڣһһסûˣ
ūӵĴߺȣΧЩʢ˶ǵͨ˫ۣųصĺ̨ϵŮū
һ˵һֻͬŮԸȤеʱҲ⣬壬ҲвͬŮߵһӣŮԣΪȣƤҲãԸܻӭ
üͷĸˣô˵óΪūνԪؾģ
ԸоĺڲԪ˵ֻԪܽԪؾ
Щֻȥã˵ҶϺҲڣԷйϵķȻʮ⡣
˼ʱūĽмҲʼˣǣþȻܻӭŮū
Ҳѹ֣ǺŮԱŮԵܷƤҪϸ壬ҪãȻǸܻӭĽмۣѾﵽԪ
һŮū˵Ԫļ۸Ѿˣ۸ӣܿѾӽԪ
меĹأʵǿҲûʱǿڣ㹻ԪҪÿ˵ࡣ
˳ֱ࣬ӺһţҳһǧԪ
һ˶žõıš
ԭļ۸ֻǲԪһӣֱӼһࡣһǧԪѾʮǿūˣһ˵Ůūļ۸ٸߣҲᳬԪϾǿ׳ݲУû͵ñ
Կһǧ˶ֹͣŵĽмۣתͶŮūľūӿһǧҲֵùǺŮūǿԪѾܲˣû뵽һӾͽһǧ
ū׼ɵʱһͻȻ𣺡һǧԪϲŮѪζںڽҲѰҲôŵȵѪҺ
һ˺һȻ൱ˬǴһΪԷĳۣΪڽ֡
嵱УڽһǳסѪһײޱȣ˵ڽΪ壬ֹ˺ۣϾ˭û»ΪһŮūڽ
ֻϧˣҲ֪ڽʲôŤͷһһͷߣúװƵˣƤףƤһ㼫ΪŹֵľһĶ·ʯһ㣬âһջȥġ
֪̾һѪҲ֪ʲôֶοߣΪͶ֮ǰǼѪϣʮ˽⡣
ѪվߴѪ壬һǸ࣬һһܣȻջѣǺԥһǧԪ
ūԭڽ˽мۣ֪̾ãȻԷм֮ûٸҼӼˣǻ
û뵽ոǸһﾹȻҼӼۣ־ϲǶԷȻһ׳գҵڽѪϲǣԷӼۣԼ׬þ͸ࡣ
ǧԪǸѪ̴ŭû뵽Լ˺ڽ֣Ȼ˸ҼӼۣѾǶԷʹ˴סԼҲҪ˸ɵ
ǧԪԼԪ׼ԪǧԪҲнǧˣֱӽмۣ˵ЩԪĿ죬ٵȥˣʲôˡ
ѪɫͰף˿̸࣬һѪɢһɱ׼ǰȴǱס
ˣøҺϣ˳ĴŮūѪ˵һζĻȻüΪݶɨһȻŤͷߡ
֪̾ѪǲʹգͷֻҪһ뿪У̾ͻܵЩҲæܿ鷳
ȴǰ޽ɣںﲻһʱ͵ʥϣװһѪǱ鹫ͣҲںծ಻
ūҲ÷·һʮֿٵĽɣƸ
Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ĵطһõ־ߣܿ뿪˼У֮ˣֱٻһȥƬ̾ͷɵûӰ
ոյǸѪȻɵӣܿԷͷСһ뿪оԶݣԷҪ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ͬϵ뿪ûãѪ׷
ˣӦ÷ٶȼ죬׷ϣ
ô죿
ȥŮūˣ


ڰ ɽеĴ
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˵ӽԪؾһû˯һȾѾ˳£ʵǰܹѵڹˡ
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ˣͻȻһӷ֪ôģ;Լȫˡ
㣬αˡһαڶƶ֣ҶϺӶˣǵΡ
֮ǰ̫ľţѾﵽޣһɳô˿̻˼£ֱԵ˹ȥ
Ҳּۿһ±סֱܿˤȥ˵õļãǳڵĶʮͣһ㱡·׵ĸֵܵԡҸոΪ˱סСһŵԾ˵ţѾǵʲôĲȻ֪ʲô
Լ˸죬Լռ˱ˣܿͷ״̬ãȾǺأǱǾߵĻͼֲסˣ֣ñ˹ҩ
ùڸһط˿ˣȻָ˼ѪľҺ֮õĺƽȣ˯˹ȥ
ҹʱ˹
Ԫؾҹ͵ƣֻ¹ҰҲΣաجΣֱӾѣһԺŷӦ˹
ллúһΣֱڣȷԼˡŪһЩʳˮԺ֮ϲһ˿Ѫɫ
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ֻҶϺĲ˰²źãʱҶϺӻѹȻֱӾߣǷǳǿľߡ
һ㣬ÿԺֱ۵ĸоҶϺȥɱҶϺһ˾Ϳɱһ϶ɱһòûоΣҶϺãҶϺǿˣȻò
ûǸоҶϺ֮󣬱Щˡ
ȻǺǰһþָоҪ˵һǾҶϺЩİˡ
ȾҶϺԸ˴䣬ǰ֮Ϊ侲ΧԺ޿־սõĹ۲У侲˵ĸоܲá
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֪ӦǵڶƬ׹ʱǰӦøպùȥһʱ䡣
Һ֪Ƭ׹䣬ǵʱ֪ʱ˵
£æ˳ȥʱвپ߶˳ȥ֮ҲǻԵɺϣþȻһƬ׹ҵҶϺ
ʱĳ棬ⱲӶˡ
ֳٹʬ壬ȱȫǱɱʬɽѪУÿҶϺ
ʱҶϺվЩʬɽѪУץһֻľ޴ͷ­
ǹʶһܣʵǿ֮⣬ûҶϺſһūͣһڵĳƤͬʯʣΪǿ׳
ʱѾɵˣΪʬɽѪΪʱҶϺ񣬱䣬飬ÿǸʱҶϺһˣЩĪǶҶϺɱģ
˵ٶ¶־壬þòŵ֮ϺˣֻǸһָ˵һллӣƺںҵ𡣵ʱҲ֪ĶҪ׷ôˣû׷ϣһعʱ򣬲ŷԼܳȥԶ·֪ôߵһɽȵУҷһʯ󣬵ʱҲȥ͵
һ˵꣬òŵҷָΣգҶһӣǱЩץȻ㣡
Ѿˡ
˵ɽ﷢ֵʯ󣬹һĴԲôͿͿԵԪؾ
ȻǴӦ൱ΪдĻôԺϼҪǾͺˣֱӾͿԴ͵Ԫؾ
ҶϺıʣ˵ʵ˵ģûŪô£˵ģҶϺλСӦھ֮Ըģ֮ǰһԲѣ͸պþߣʵ̫һЩ
˵ʲôè壬ôҲӦҶϺ䣬·ˡ֪ôģͻȻҹɭ¼ǲҪʶڣԴﵽЧ
ҶϺҲĳļһǼпܳôⶼǲ²⡣
Ҳ֪˵ЩʵҲܸıʲôֻ±ܾãҪһȻ˵Ǻ˺ܶࡣ
ʵҶϺĵԪؾġ󡯣Ĵڣʹˡ
ԽȥǸ󿴿ڸȻΪҪȥĸ󿴿ҵʱ͵طҲ볢ԵôͻȥǴͷ·𻵵һãȥҴȥ
ȻҪ̶
˵˶ϤԪؾԪôһ޴꣬ûǴ¿ԸǸڵ򣬵ȵþѾϳΧĻ
СʱѾҵǸڵɽȡ
ɽʮأΧֲ棬پȻǷ·ݶһɽȶڣҪˣǲܷɽȵлжġ
Ȼͬ˵뵽ɽ֮󣬺ܿͿԿǰһɫʯ̨Χڷżεʯʯ̨ЩʯϣӡŹŹֵķš


ھ ڰеĹӰ
ɽȵĻ΢΢üͷ
ӽɽȿʼ;ʲôطԣɽȻΣԲָܱ˷ֵΪʲôûҵ
֮⣬ûзκֲЩ֮⣬ǹͺͺʯ顣ԲϳֵΣӦñ鲼ֲŶԡ
ֻ۲õĽоΪ΢ԪԪʮϤֻһʱҲץؼ
øԣָǰʯ̨Ǵ󣡡
˵ͷǰ鿴ò˵ʮָӣһЩʯͼɵģǰڷŷнǰϸ鿴Щʯ飬ЩҲͨʯͷ
Ȼȥʮ̺ͨһֵԪֻͣԪ֪ǿڵĸ֪ѾﵽԪļˮ׼Ҳֻǿܲ
ã㻹ǲǵõʱ㱻͹ʱĳִҪģûдܴͣƬ̺˵
ʦҲһ󷨣ܿһЩԭģʮƶ˵
һҲϸʱЩ㱣ЩǲģҼǵã̤ʱΧйâ
ţ֪ÿĹâӦþǴ󼤻ĳֻͬԼԼἤûп
ٽ֮ǰӦ΢ԪͻȻðһͷ
ʱǱͷһƺʲô˲ŵĻ棬̾⡭㿴Ǳߣ
ŤͷһҲһ㶡
ǽʱͨ˿̾Ȼʧ٣ϸ۲죬ڵɽȸûκγڣͬһ룬٣ͬһ
ڲˣô˿ɫ԰ףû飬ոʱһڣڣûУҲ˵ǾȻǱŹֵɽȵС
Ȼ㶣ܿͻָ
ԭˣ
ȻѾʲôӸոսʱͷˣֻǸʱȷڣѾٷ֮ٿȷˡ
ǽ뵽һΧ󡯵УΧĵȼܸߣڵˮƽǲòġ
ѾǶʦòĿֻϵĿ
Բֹһ󣬹ܸ֪ģͻһ俨ֻʲô˲Ŀ俨ʲôûͷԿ϶ǣΧˣ
ôԷֻ˭
Ǳģһʱͻɵõͷϣ᲻һϷƭԼֻ˿ô˿ɫɲ԰ףûκμװ˼ȴַԼֲ²⡣
Ȼãĳٰ֪ģҲǺ֪飬һܿġ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ˵ĶʵĻˡ
ôӵ紫͵ģǸˣҶԷûжʵԭ֪һֲ²⣬ǵ㣬óֻһ
Χ󷨶Ȼģˡ
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ʱܵľȻһ䣬ޱȣֲָ̽еĶ
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һ̣ȷɽԼ֮⣬еˡ
ǶԷΧ󣬶һŪôһڵĻ
Ȼ֪һ㣬֪ԼپҲûãʱҪ侲ͻȻ֮䣬оԼһӰһʩչ׷磬ڳȥʮףüٶȲһ俨󣬽Լ
ǸӰһʧȥӰȻҲЩ񣬲ܿΧѰһϿԷںڰеԳ
ԶҲƺ֪ЩԾ˿ûзһվԭأ۾¿ţʵϺܺ£ֻҲ֪ʱòҪκ
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ںڰУþͬһֻŵèϢһ㣬Ѿܿɹˣֻһ̣Եĸͨˡ
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ûж俨ԸһϢʮֽȻЩã֪ԷĿ϶ãͬƲһֻһԶʱڣ϶ǰȫġ
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ΪǶԼõ俨УԿʧ٣ǶԷôʧ
˲䣬뵽һֿܡ
ǾǶԷҲһ俨С
ͨһ㣬֪ԼһһǳĶ֣Էʦϵľ磬Լ֮ϡ
һԶãҲüͷһ壬ڵģЩԾ˫룬ƺѾЩ־ˡ
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һ̶죬ͬڽһûж׼Ǽ֣ǴֳֵķλԷȻҲ󷨶أҲҪԷڹǣʲô˶֪ǲŽı
ò˵ĻԪǿޱȣȻĽԷ󷨻һƣһ𣬶Ҽͬʱһϣ˲ͽԷĿ顣


ʮ ߶
ͬʱһϣҲֻ˹Ԫļ۷ĹܻԷĿҲ
Է俨һ飬ͿǰһӰ
ӰΧһɺòǱȴĸͬһĴ֣ϳޱȣǼ̣ʮİڶ
Լ俨Ȼ飬ǸӰҲһ㶣Ȼû뵽һԪľȻֶΡ
ӰΣٻһΧȥԷʵǿóԷٶǺ͹һģֻǿȻˣȻԴΪԼһͿԽԷɵԹǱҪõġ
ͰķʱǲˣֻͨԪԸһ˻УӰ϶Ƕ֡
㾹ȻйôԹüֻӰɭɭЦĴ̸ֱͬһ
̶̼ӣ֪ԷʵԼ֮ϣܿѾǴﵽԪ弶Ĵڣ㲻ǣҲǱȹҪǿԪļ˵ûйڣͰˡ
ʮջ𣬰ôô̬ļһԷ﾿Ҫʲô
ûвÿ󣬶ԷҲһʦұԼȻˣÿ󹥻ǾûȤ˵ԼõĿᱻԷֱɢơ
ԼʮǿϹܺͶԷ൱ȻҲˡкüΣЩЩ̴ִ塣
ĸּΪھ󽣿ȥȻۼ£ļӲޱȵĺھ󽣣Ȼڸǿն£һЩСڡ
Щ˼飬ھ󽣵Ӳȴﵽ5㣬˵ͨĽȥͺͿľͷ࣬ھȻԷŹֵĴ˻ڣÿһײо󱻷Щۡ
ҲˣֻŹǿѣֻܴңһùøǿ󣬶ȻҲһʦȲңҲˣɣ屻ʴ𣬾ͿԳΪҵˣǸӰһЦĸָӿٰڶһһһ´ؿڡ
Ǵּһֱ̣Ӵ̴ףעһЩء
£͸оһ飬֫޷ȻĳǿĶءǹӰһ֣ʩչֶΣһΧ󣬽档
ΧΪʱ侹Ȼ޷ͻƶ
ǹӰѾصһŹֵЦ
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ԭ壬Ѿǵ˼ޣǹӰֶζ࣬Ҳǿͼֲסˡ
ֹһԭЩٶˣӰſȥôʱ䣬һԪļޣ˶Ҳضûκη
ԹӰʮַġ
ֻϵ׼鿴ʱͻȻͻ
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䣬ķ̳֣һǸӰ
ķٶȼ죬צ̾ʹӹӰ˺һЩſһڶڰķϣߵצ̳ɫĶҺֻҪץӰƤǶԷһˡ
Ҫ֪Ƕؾ飬ڶصо˭͸ԴӽԪؾҵһЩ˿ĲҩͬҵһЩϡеĶݣشʦҪһЩǿĶȻ׾١
ոûðķΪսӰĻᶼûУڣԷΪԼж̱ûз֮¿УʱԿ°빦˵ʱյüΪ׼ȷҲǿ磬ǹӰȻޱȣһС
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ķǱҲ͵ϮɹԷİķץУҲǷһҽС
ǧʯʦԣ㲻ǣ㾿˭ΪʲôҵԶأȻû̱ӰҽȻܴأǷһŭҪ
ȻȻװ֣ѿбһɻâȻɱ֮£ȻǽԷһֱͬһֿϣڵϡ
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ҲǹӰܣԷһʼ֣˵ûκλ֮Ĺһĸûκ⣬Ӱʵǿ˵һʦҪʱס˵׾٣˵ǰûκʤԵġ
޾ԣӰѡʲôãƫƫѡԶأֱ»ոע붾֮ȻжʱԺѣǺָܿоʧˡ
սȻ֪һѵĻᣬǽƾͼƣ̱ڵϣǷɹ
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˵ֱ꣬˦󿨣嵽ɽǸʯϣһ̣ϱһҫ۵Ĺâ󽫹Ӱڡ
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һ̣ӿУոʧһӲĸ˳
ҲΪʦ˽תķټʵףԪ൱Ԫļĳ̶ȣټʱյļΪʱԾȻǽԷ׳Ӳץһš
һż󿨣Ǵʯתڻᴫ͵ʲôطǾͲΪ֪ˡ
Ӱһ̾ͱ뿪ټȫޡ


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ץһ󿨣ոմ󼤻֮ȱһ󿨺Ը˲СӰ죬ĿǰԿ֪ʶ⴫ܿǷǳ߼һֿ󣬶ֻҪǿ󣬼ʱҪ󿨣ǾǶ󿨣һ˿һƫԤϵĺ
ֺǣ͵Ŀĵػᷢı䣬ᴫ͵ʲôطֻ֪
ȫʵϧԪץص󿨣ǷǳĶǿɲ֣ܽһоôҲ൱˽⣬٣˽ǸӰһ
ֻ֣Ϊܱ֤һʧȥԼĿƻ᲻ʧֻ߱̶󿨽о
Ǳߵɹȥ˿ڶҩ˽⣬óܿ͸Ǳû⣬ֻͬעԶأȻעڵĶǵȼǼԶעڵģֻʱԣûʲôΣա
Ļ˵ͷȻûʲôΣգôҲͿר־оˡ
ǧѷĻᣬȻҪϧһץסֻᡣ
ȡһЩŹȪˮ͹˼ڣԼԪãȡһСȪȫԪһ󿨡
ʦԿ֮ĲУ󿨶һӣпŵһʦȻóһ󿨵Ĳͬ
ĸӵͼûмģǸӰ֮ǰߣԿףӦױҪжӦԿײܴ򿪣󿨾ԿףҪоĽṹԭȻУҪԿײС
Կ׶ʱоʲôʱо
ܿ뵽˶ԴоУҲԪģ飬ʱš
ԶſڵϣûκξٶΪ顣
ڰķһ棬Χȥ
ȻǧʯȻ״̬͵һСӣȻҲߵĶȥ
Ψһ˼άľˡ
˿ȴЩС˼ոּһԵãϴϴʶŮжˣȻҪĽļ顣
˵ûΣգȴ֣֮ھȻһֶء
˵ǶأʵҲ㲻ϣһҩֻΪԪؾ飬Ȼûмҩɡ
Ԫؾ鶼ҩʦҪ㹻Ĳҩ֪ʶָ˿ȻڵҩѲסҩʦ
ܿ죬ͷҩɡ
ˣʲôҩ˵ģҲǶҩôڵʲôȻ˺ģоƬ̣Щҩֻܴ߷ܣǴҩʵЩŹ֣ʲô˻ҩŮעҩ
ԼܴȻǱȽ֣Ҳ֪Ľ䡢Ϣܿ뵽òԼϴŮӣԸҩԽ룬ԽӦˡ
Ϊһֹ֣ڱϵ鶼ǵ;˵ģ˵ܶԶϲռȻҲŮūгֵطԽǿԣԽϲռƯԡ
Լϴôǿ˼ҲǺġ
ҩ࣬Ů˵ʣ̫ǿЧ룬ɴȡ˼ԼĿƬ˼ҩݣʼڻЩҩ֭ηɫҩ֭
ЩҵģЧǱϴҪǿܶ࣬ȻϴҾ͵Ϊǽѣϴ˵츳ҩ̫ˣôܱ˹ʱٺһЦֱӽ⼸ԼõĴҩõУ룬ȡһЩ˿ҩûָ壬֮ǰҩĸá
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ЩҩȻµģʵҲᣬЩҩЩūµģĿľıŮūʣݿǵ־ȻΪûзҲֻ̫ιʳһСּĴҩ
ԭþзӦʣǻ̵סιʳҩǱ֮ǿǿ˺ֹʮŮʱҲóױʹ
ԭԵתѣҺʼ٣Ӻնó죬ΪԼ˺µĵ˵ͷȻٷߣǱߵİķһ
ʱѾڱԪԪо󿨣ò˵ڵѾﵽ˼Ϊ̬ĴڣȻоһЩŵνĴ󣬵ȷһּΪ߶˵ġ󡯣ͨͬǣִΪ鷳ǶʦҪ󼫸ߣҶԲҲǼΪ̡
˽⣬ǸӰҲδܲһʦĵȼҪһļϵʦ
ԣ
ǲ᲼ãʹãԿʹֻҪ֪Կ׿סͺãδҪ
Ҳ˵Լͨϵо˽⵽еĹɺͷ򣬵ʱҲԷ󿨣ڣѾкܴİ󿨣ԺͨЩԼʦĵȼһ
ջѾʹͨ󣬽˺Ͷ͵
ʱڵԪѾĵһɶǸṩԪĹȪᾧѾһգΪ˹Ԫо左
ȻǿҲҪԪſԡ
ûᾧҪ󿨵İҲԲ̶һСʱģ˵Ҳֻݳ޵ʹԪ
Ҫ۾ȡһЩѪľҺָԪʱͻȻһȶ굽Ļ
һ㶣һȴǿ˫ýסӻϵĲȥҸСһȵǣþȻѹϵ·
˵ʵԲ»ݣһ˱һȵ屧ס˭Ӧ
ֵֻǣӦò˲ŶԣҪץסõ󣬽֣ԼΪ̫ԪȻƲסãǱٵһƵڵء
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ĸоʱҲ֪öȻǷ˹Ź֣򲻿ܻ¡
Զ򿴵һĻȴǺٺһЦŤͷٹע


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Ǻǵģκ˱һŮգЩ԰ѳ֡
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뵽ҲѾ˶Բߣû˵ֻʲô㡣
߸ûκμƻҲã
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죬㹻Ĵ󿨣ҽ̸ʹôΪѾúõĴ󣬾ͬһֻҪǾ߶Լʹá
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ĿƬ϶ɵȻֿƬϡ٣ҪԲףֿƬûмġ
ΪˣⴥΪⰲװκβλⴥȻԼӳֿ
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ԪѾȻǲƴ֣ҲŵԼټ俨֮󣬹ȻǿΣ֮ǰǹӰΪ˽ʡԪû䣬ȻҲСԭ棬ĸȫ䣬ʱԵĿɾεԻԴ
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ʮ Ԫ
ͷڵȻ鵱еĵλף鹫֮ϣҲΪûʵ壬һİԪɣԽȻԽȻеҲԴӣԼûɾ޴ģվӻһһơ
ǰ飬ԲʵĴڡ
УԷԪ弶ʵ
֮ǰǸӰЩѷɫʱԸӰҲΪԷУûжʵڣļƸҪԼأ˵Ա߻ô֡
һӣͶ֮ǰǸ鹫ӡ󻵵˹ȵףԷȻ鷳ԼڸǶԷĵ֡
Ȼ֪򲻹Ǿֻˡ
ԥʹԪȥȻ֪ԪؾԼûпصĵطǸдɽȶ˵ҪȻǲﱩ¶֮⣬ֻԪˡ
רŵάԪؾ򣬶ԼһԪԷ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
˲䣬ĶٶԪȥ
֪ǰһԪҲӣǸͷڵĿҪӣһмЦ
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˵ϣװּλֻͨһֻԪ弶
Ԫ弶ĸУԪȷϣ϶㲻ϡ
ָоһˣһ΢ҪһЦ
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Ԫʥʲôط
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ܽԪʥãλԻἫ֪ϣװĴĸֻСһȻҪԼһ¥ܽԪʥõķ
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ٶȼ죬ĶȲϣֻƬ̣ͿҪ׷ˡ
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ЩĶǶҲв٣һ£ôһ¹һԪļһֵܵܵҲٶҪԵģ֪׷λԪļҪǿ̫ˣô෨ҲֻöԷĶЩӳ١
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֪һ弶ʦһ弶Ĺɱ󣬼ԼУҲǱɡ
弶ǿݡ
֪ǸǶʦǴϲѾɱԷˣҪԷ׽öԷΪūһʦڣԼʥصĵλǻ١
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Ԫؾʲôط
ԪԪʥö޷ĴڣҪͱҪԪؾԪУ˵ԪؾǱԪʥø߼Ԫ硣
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Ȼһ̾Щ
ЩȻԪļΪܿǱԪؾҪ߼Ԫ磬ҲģղſԷ֧ǧԪģҲ˵ԷҲġ
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ʵϣÿһԪ˶ᱻ¼ǵҲᱻ¼Ԫµһϣ㲻ʲôܡ
һԷȻǵһνԪϲϸ¶һ׺֮ɫ
ȻҪˣΪ֪û˭ڵһεʱ򣬾͵ǵһٲ㣬˵һԪʥţ¹һε͵˾ʮŲļ¼ڶֱӵһٲ㣬ԪļѾǼΪֲļ¼ˣţԪʥõţȻûܱȣָ߼ԪŶһԵǵһٲ㣬˾͸ܡ
Ѿ˶Բߣ͵Ԫڣʱ򣬳ķݹԼʮ黤ҲϵǴ̽ԪԸֻǶ¡
һѾڵʥϣװĴ֮һҿṩʮԪΪ֧㹻ԪǰǣҪոӽȥǸһץ˭һ
һԵķݹһ˷ܲѣȻ뵽ӸףҲգֻҪԪͿʮǿĴ֣ոǸѾ״ð˵ԼҲаսԷܳһһǸ취Ҫá
ڼĴ󲿷嶼Ϊ׬ȡ㹻ԪȻԪѽһεĻȻ˭в˱
Щ
ȻԪڣûֱȥ֪ԪͬСɣҲԼ֡
ͬԤϵûж֣ǺԷľٶɶǰ˲ŹԼ
һˣȷ൱Ķ֣Ԫ弶УҲǼΪǿĴڣ˵ûԷײǼˣԼҲģǹҲȫǶԷĵ֡
˵һǿʳ磬£ҲĳԹҲûʲôǶԷǿˣԼĶҪᣬҪ֣ЦһԼҪȥԼҲػһˡ
Ȼ˶ԸԼ֪ԼõˣԼǳ֮ǰ˼£ϵĻѾ飬˿ڣʵɣ˻鷳
Ҳô
ٻȴǺʵûֹǿܶĵķ
֮ǰ׷ɱҲ֪Ȼ֪ڵĴ㣬˵ȡһſƬ
һȴߵԪڴǰɣҪĶҸ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫ׷ɱˣ
˵ֱ꣬˦ֶȥһſƬȻ˻ص
Ȼⷬٶ˿Ѿʾˡԭⰲǿ˶ԷĶֲû׷ԷֻһԪ弶۸һԪʵڲʲô飬ȻбģҲ˵ʲôİ
ֻǰͷݹȴôģǺߣƺΪľˣԽǧʯƬ͹ƬҪһ̷𣬽ĿƬץȡ
ϾģҲƻ͸ҵǶǲ˱ҪɱȻݹһżΪ񶾵ģѾʾĸ˶ȻǲҪöԷأ˶а
ǰûΣôԵͲҲзͬŮֻı㣬ǸôͻȻʾģ
Īǣթ
뵽ĿƬͻȻըһճɢҺ罦˷һȻ壬ҺƺҲ壬㲻
˵ǰҲһ㣬һ֪ʲôŭǸҺСӣҾ־ͱ㲻֪׷ɱҲһֱԪһʧܣͻ̱͵Ҿ㣡
ŰɣԪУһӦ
˵꣬ûԥ̵ϣؽջǸҲ׷˽ȥȥ׷
棬Ѿը˷ΣȻǲֵͼķֶȴǺȥѾ
ڣѾǽΪɱ֮ˣͬ˵ģԷһֱԪֻҪʧһΣ̾ͻᱻͻʱԼȻúñԷ
˿Ѿͣ㣬ǵ˵ʮ㡣
ÿһԪܾ޴˵ʮһ䣬һ俨ͷȻ㵽ˡ
ϵѾǷǳأϴûԼ鷳ԼҲֲ˶á
ÿ֮ȡ˿͹ȪˮԼˣһЭ
̣ʮٵӰֱ·һͬɷһ㣬֪ʮԼ鷳ģֻڶ俨У⻹һǸ֪ǿ̬ԲܷĲ֮
ԣЩ˼ȥҲûǣȵƺˣŴЩ鷳


ʮ Ԫ
Ǹȷ൱ֲϵ˿ﻹһЩԪֹ˿ڵϣɿֲѪЧ
һˣֻܵ˵ֶζˣ˿ŵ棬ֵǧԪˣ˿ֱ̣ȡһ𼤻²ѪľҺ͹Ȫˮ
ˣҲ˼СʱŽȶס
ʵðѾԪļϹҲδػᱻǸƵ־أһϸһ룬⻹ͷһκԪ弶ĸֶԵУȻǱѹú޻֮һû
Ҫ֪ԼĿǰҲֻԪԪ弶׷ɱ´ѾǾֵýˡ
֪ԼǽԪļδضǶԷĵ֣٣޻֮Ԫ統Уʵǵһλġ
ĿǰȶˣҪָҪһʱ䡣ѾԪҪ뷨ӣһԵϵһٲ㣬ȻһʧܣͻᱻԶ͵ڴ֪ǸͷݹԼȥ˵ɡ
ڣŸʵˡ
֮ǰˣҲǴһǵʮ㣬ҲһЩԪáǾԪӶԪĿơ
ÿһ㣬Ԫܶȶ࣬ͬʱһǿԪѹڸѹһԪڵˣͨŨԪʵͬҲҪǿѹ
εģеʱڶʶĹеֱӶ壬ڵʮԪŨȺѹС˵ҲӦԡ
Ȼʱ䣬˷ѣʮ˼СʱƻָһЩ󣬲Ŵӿ䵱ȡһ׺ºڼϣͬʱߣ˵׷ʮˣƻָ֮ǰķ
󿨣ϡ
Ԫǰʮ㣬Ϻܶ˵һζԵǵֻһϵʮ㣬ôԪŨȺѹɱв˵һεֹֻڴˡ
˿̣ʮвеǾʵеҪһ㡣
˿̣мǿ׳ƺ׼ϱŷһɹԪͬʱȡ˼ŷƬӳֵϣʲôֽǡ񱩡ͳͳȻȻ˽ʮһ¥ݡ
ֻߵһ룬ͱһɿֲײȻ˱һɹâ֣˳ȥ
Ȼ⼸ͼʮһʧˣʧܵĺǱͳԪ
һĻҲǰզ࣬ԪȻ治֪ʲô˴ôһԪȻ֮أôȻҪﵽܵ¥ոʧܵǼʵҲһ㣬ҲָոսԪûãҲǵһνԪԵһܵǵʮһ㣬Ѿǲˡ
Ҳ˵ԼԪʮеļȻԼһЩαװȻǷֲˡ
һ˵εǵʮģϢӦһʱ䣬ȴ˷ʱ䣬ԼʵţʮСأŻǿԴġ
ֱͣ¥ȥ
ˣҲһЩע⵽ǸոյʮģûκϢͼܿС˲ϢҪһǸĲʮʮһԪǳɱӵģЩ֣ҲúúӦһС
ûʮһ㱻ȥҲȱһǿϷͺã
ûκˣֱ¥һһĵȥ
ȵʧ¥ݾͷ˵ʮһ˲Щɵۡ
Ȼȥˣ
Ȼ֪˵뷨˿վʮһ㵱УԪѹȻǱȸոյʮ̫࣬ҲܳܵķΧ֮ڡ
ڣѾ֪Ԫʵˣһˣ˺ܶ󲹵ʳǲһԽľһԪǿṩԪ̶ܹԪãҲֲҪǧԪܽһΣҪάԪÿĵԪһֲ֡
ʮһ˵ʲôϡ
ʮ㡭ʮ߲㡭ʮ㡭
ʮ㡭ʮ㡣
̶ʱѾǵǵʮ㡣
ΪһεˣܵǵʮѾˣɻʮ߶ȣѾǲˣԶʮµ
˲࣬Ȼע⵽
ʵβԪʮʵϾʵãҲҽֵĻٶǿԵǵʮϵˡ
ԪȵǵʮϵģѾǸˣһͬʱԸͨԪ
ʮ˵ʱѰһûκη֣Ҳ֪Էܶˣ˸취ÿʮͰһ˹۲죬ֿĿͨѶ֪ͨһΧ
ͬһ·һʮǵʮ㣬벻עⶼѡֻȫڵʱʵȫ⣬Ͼ治ʮ塣
˿׼ʱ̱Ǽ׷Χסˡ
Сӣ㹻ƻȻһ·Ҫ߾ЩˣҲ˰֮Уϣ򡭡ʮ嵱Уһʵǰ˵߳ɼǵǵʮ㣬ѾԪеĸˣȻǾԼ˲
ֻû˵꣬ȡ˹׼ٻֻǣȻܼ￨
׳գԪǲٻū͵ģһʼ˵˿̴Ц֮ǰٻȻΪ֮ӵùԪ弶ǿߵ׷ɱΪԵʡ
ԪڲٻūͣҲΪˣŷĴ󵨵Ľ񣬷ʵӹ׷ɱҲ鷳
˵ͷǾˣƻָ˰˳ϣҲԸˣ
˵꣬Ҳȡھ󽣣ͬʱҲ߶ӳ俨Ĵֿٳղ˵Ǹɱȥ
ʮʵǿԪȻûһ˿ɫҼȻдǴ㿴Ρ
Ǹͷ˿̸ûκηӦͻȻһεĴ̴ִȻ˦ɳȥʮԶͬһˤ˵ϡ
һɱ¾ҲʹĻ
ջԪսʽӵеͬԪļһʵҪЩ鷳βͿ˵쳣һ֣ǴóΪⴥֵӲȴﵽֲ6㣬ԼǶԷź̹ͬװһĻףŶƣҲ޷ֵֵĹ
̶һʱ䣬һӹӰᵽĹŹִ֣ͬ籩һ㽫ʮ׷ɱԼɱ
˿ʮȻ࣬ҲʮˣһʼȫΧΧϷȻǶΪһʮҪ군û뵽ԷͬԷˮһͽʮʵǿĶֻɱصʬϢѪЩΧ۵ʶ˿˶ʱ佫ʮԪֻɱһǿߣǿߣȻҪ㹻𾴺η塣


ʮ ܵ۹
鷳¿˿ȻǰһһЩϵĶȡߣпÿᣬпȡ䣬Ȼⶫһָ߼ɺܶԪһ˵ܽԪؾģٶһö
˶Ҳûϸʮһ
ΧЩΧ۵һսһȻ̼оޱȣԪʮһҪϵʮһôҲЩ׼ٸոôԪҲҪϢһ£ָոս̵ˣ⻹ͷһμ
һˣһЩ˿ıӰĽѡ
ԪһǾÿһͣʱ䲻ܳСʱǹ㣬۷ȥҲûãҲ˵ȵһ¸߶ȵ㣬ͿˢСʱʱ䣬ڴڼ䣬Ǵԭػȥʱ䶼ģǵ֮ǰûеȥ㡣
ҲΪʲôͷݹҪԭصԭ򣬶ԷԲһֱﲻֵһεˣÿ㶼ͣʱ伫һ㣬һ£ǼһͻΪ޷ǵһ
˿̣վԪ£ţһµʱ˵ʲôܵõõǧʯõһʦ˵һ£һȡ
һܷŹǸһץҪ룬嶪︯ãܾĥݹԪ˿̺޺޵˵
ģǵһε治ٻūͣԷţҲǵʮǼˣǴ˾ţֻҪһ̾ͽнҲǳ˵
ʱһһĹȥ
һԺѾǵǵʮ㡣ٶѾǲˣʵԸ죬ֻһʱԪѹȷǺܴ󣬶еʱҪͣһ¶Ԫ򣬹ڵԪ
Ԫ֮Ϊʣ˿ʮ㣬һʱ䣬ڵԪѾԭʮλ˾ʮλ
ԪȻʵҲӦ
ʮ㣬СʱŶϵʮһ㡣
ͽȻ֮䣬ʮһѹǿһ֮⣬ʮһʮкԵĲͬ󣬶ҵɵģЩԪγɵУΣա
ʱȴǵԪȡſƬſƬԶķ̳֡
ոǸӦĺŷġ
ʱԪūͽ룬ķԼūͣǷǳĴڣǰķҪֺʧӣܳԪһӡ
ϴԪõطķϴ˵Ǹһǵһٲ㣬ҲܽԪļѾ˰ķķ룬ΪķֻǧʯڣԻ˵һԶķ˼Ծԡ
԰ˣһţ֮ǰֻԼʵһĵˣ˰ķ򣬲ҲΪʱʮһ㿪ʼԸһǵһٲ㣬ҲԪļ
ʱ򣬴ʮһУͻȻɱһЩŹֵ̺ͰķһӭС
Щģ죬ж٣צÿһԪʵʮֻһӵϣЩ֣Ҫǣɱ֮Щ̻Ḵֱ˵ɱ
ʮӺѾǵɱ˶ֹֻʱ򣬴һ߿߹ֳֶƶ̽壬̿˹
ǵһνԪһĶ̽һֻ󣬳˵
⵹Щ񣬶ҿ⼸岢񲻻⣬˵ͷ
֪ǵһΣʮһ㿪ʼֹΧڹΧ¼һɱǾˣһͻΧ⼸˵վһһ𹥻ΧԽԽĹ
һʲ֪ô£ͬԷ˵ģʮһ㿪ʼʱʱֹΧſֲѹѾһʮѵˣٱϮΣճ̶Ȼǳɱ
ǼȻǵ͵ˣҿŴӦöͬһطǽʮһҲܵ˹﹥֪ͬԪڵĸֹԿӲЩΧǺѵ
ȻҲǵĿģǿϡ徹ȻֵΧǶȻˢӣսСʵ˵ĶǳԵÿģܺһȻͻΧҪ׶ˡ
ȻҲó⼸˵˼Ҳ⣬ԼһѾһ鷳ǲô⡣
Ǿһʹ˺ܿһЭһ߻ɱԽԽĹһ¥ȥ
̵УǼҲǷжôǿֳһѺɫ󽣣ÿһλնɱܻɱ۹ٶ࣬˶Ըƺʮɡ
Ǳ֪ˣôһΪ֣Ҫʡ˺ܶԽ͡
ʲôļһҲֶһٶȿ죬צӲһȻٶһ㣬ʹöعƬ֮󣬾ȻǺһɱ¥ݿڡ
˵ݶϣͬʱɱ·׷ĹҪֵʮʱľ޴ԪѹЩֳֶƶ̽ҲɫأȻʵȻǶֵסǿԪѹųɹĵʮ㡣
أʮûйһ˳ʵ
ֻ꣬ķ͵
һսջ٣ȻЩҲһֿ飬һ
ʿԽܵ۹ӶӳЩ˵УһΪӢǰĶý˶£óĳڡ
ڵԪ壬һ˽⣬˽ҲʮޣֻǱɽһǶԡ
ƺڣԳ΢΢һ㶣ϸһžȵʿĪԵԪˣ
ԪؾǵһϳԼˣͬ鿴ȥ֮ǰ岻ͬԷҪ򣬸ǫѺãûκε⣬ټû˿⣬Ҳʲôıƣֱӵͷϡ
⼸˸Ǿȣ֪֮֮ԾΪûмԼôԵԪˡ
Ҫú˽һµԪĹɣ֮ǰȻҲ˵һġլСŲŲ֪ĶΪޣǰЩԽܵ۹ȴ֪ܶ࣬Ĵ۽硣
룬ʳ˹ʥص£˵׷ɱԼЩʥأǾҲ֪ˣѾǸȻҪ˽һµˣν֪֪˲ܰսʤ


ʮ ķļֵ
ģ⼸ԵԪ彣ܵ۹˽⵽˺ܶǰ֪顣
ԪһԪֵӴ磬ǧԪĿǰĸѾǷǳȹˡΪÿ嶼һֻǿֶ֮ѡ
⵱˵ΪӴ˿Ҳֻ࣬ǷΪ۹ܵ۹֮һ
ҲǿһЩʥصĵطʥأ嵱ҲǶ֮һˡ
Ҳ֪޲ԣ˵ʲôͻشʲôܲһ˵¾ͻƹΧҲĸǽܵ۹ڵԪҲǱѺõ̬ȡ
˽⣬֪ΪԪ֡ǼƯڿеķݣûκνģеʱǻײһ𣬶ʱ򣬴һķݾͻСķݣһʼٲнģͻֱΪһ壬Ϊһ޴ķݡ
Ԫֵ࣬ǵõǸ֪ᵽġԪݡҲ˳
ԪݣʵںϹвĶ谭һЩǿĴڽԷ磬ȻһЩ罻ûԪݣǽܵ۹һЩǵԪнǺǵͬѺãͬǿĳУǽܵ۹ôѺõ˲࣡ƺ뵽ʲôǸ̾˿֪󲿷ǸһԪǵԪ綼ڲϵӶūۣǽܵ۹Ҳͬ£ŽһűȨҪȻѾǵԪūˡ
Щ˼ѾŪνġѡηˣҲͻȻ뵽ԪʧˣôͻԪļϵǿ֣߳ǸʨǣֻԼǣһ˾ͿԹǳأ˱ū
뵽ͻȻðһ亹
һֱΪֻҪԼʵ㹻ǿˣͿԱԼҪ˺£ǣʵٿ죬еʱҲܼУͬһΣǸԪ弶׷ɱֵĻᶼûУ⻹Ϊӣ·ǣ
һ˲䣬ͻȻһ򣬺ڻԪݱּļһﲻȥǣҲǸԼȡһʱ䡣֪Լץʱ䣬Լøǿ֮ǰԴʨǵ̬̫ˣѾ´λȥͽǺʨһֻһŬŽһ𣬲Σķȥ
ǽܵ۹ԼҲԳһԪǿ۹Ҫκ˶ǰȥַ
ҲͶԵǽһ·Ǵһʱ䳤ˣҲϳԪһ嵱УԪϡ٣ʵȻǲر˲Զǽܵ۹ڿķ֮ð뵽ʲôͻȻʵʿĪǧʯ
ǣѾѣȻǵͷϣƷУƷҲã϶ᣬңҲߡ
Ȼˣʿǧʯһöҿó͹ϵҲ˵ҪģöԪ򲻵ĺ¡֪ʿ֪֪Ԫ磬Ԫʥã
֪һһԪʥõǸݹΪķźԼ˳ͻԷȻ᲻ԲΪһ۵Ķ󶯸ɸ꣬ͺˡ
Ȼ֪Ԫʥþͺ˵ˣ˵ԪʥǵԪ磬Ѿ֪ˣԪʥõʦǸǿޱȵĴڣǧʯʦʵӣ˵ֻҪӵǧʯˣͨԪʥõĲԣͨԣͿԽԪʥãѧϰγΪһǿʦ͵ͬʱҲһĽҲ˶ѣǶǽܵ۹Ĺ壬ƷУЩˣֺö뵽ֻǼʺᡣ
һ̾ˡ
ֲǸݻô󶯸ɸԼ鷳ǸԪ弶ĸֶˣȻ֪ǸԪ弶ν뵽ͼԪؾ϶ҲǸһۣΪԽ뵽ԪʥõһĻôһоܽͨˡ
Ҫ߰ķ˱ǱˣһѾͶԷ˲ɻĳޣ³Ҫһֻ£Ҫʵ
һ죬һΪԸͶѾ˺ѣԭһ֮ǵʮʱ򣬾ֻһ˻ܸϣʣµѾ޷ֵԽԽǿѹ˳ȥ
ʮ㣬һһҲǼֱס޷ֻʣһˡ
˵ʵʵڽܵ۹ҲһżڶεĿǾʮ㡣
˵Ѿ൱ĳɼˣǺǾͲԶˣ˵ǺǸԪؾͰķҲȲˡ
˿̣Ѿǵ˰ʮŲ㣬ʮɣ漸Ѿ˼ޡ
ʮĲˣǿֲԪѹ˵ѣӶҲ֪͵ΪֹˣֻܼϣԺ𣬱ǴŰķ˾ʮһ㡣
ɵĶͱӰǴĵż˰֪ǵһεȻͿԵǵʮϣţǽܵ۹ǧ˿жûһ
ʿԺĳɾͲһ䣬ҲǺܸˣѾѣ˵ҲǸܵ۹һԵ
ϢƬ̣㳢һ¾ʮһ㣬оˡ
յǵһ̨ף޷ֵǵصĿֲѹǿųͳԪһ̣ʧܵһԪµڴ
ƣһʧܵģ
ҪԪļĶôףе˼궼޷еһӶûнԪؾĻᣬЩˣѾǺ˵ˡ
ƺҲԽܵ۹ģһ
Χ˿ֵ棬С۵İֵʱ۾˿Ҫҵˣ±۾ȴ
ȻҲ˰Ȼ֪ʲôˣʥϣװĴ֮һȻֻǵ׵ǸҲԪ弶֣Ҳǿߡ
ǵ֮ǰѯʥص飬ֲʱ˵Ķã֮ܿйϵ
֮ǰ͵ʧܵͬʱҲһ𣬰׷ɱһ˵˾֪Щ˳ѾϢһ˵߾֪Լ֮ǰĲ²û


ʮ һٲ
϶ڵʿô죿һܵ۹С˵
޷ҪʿʧܣҾܿҪ׷ˣʿǾʮһʱ򶼺ҿ϶ֱϵٲ㣬ʱԪļͻһ뿪ᱻ͵ʮƶ˵ĶģȫֱȻӴʱ䲻֪ȻͨˣԷһԵԪ˵ûʲôǣԷԸոձԪֵĵԪ磬Ԫ絽ڱԪҲһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ȻܽԪؾǿԵǵʮϣѾʶݵˡ
ЩԵԪǸߵԪʥõĸǵ̷һ˵Ԫһ㣬еţһɳʥصʱҲҪù
˿̤˾ʮ㣬֮ѾˣܵǵʮģǷëǣΪζţһλ´αȻԵһٲ㡣
ھʮܵѹҲʮֳ
ϴǼֲסˣѹ̫ˣʱ˵˵֮󣬱ԶƬĿ䡣
Ҳû˵ʲôܸԼϵѾǲˡһԵİķƺԼɡ
ķûɣ̽Եһ䡣
ķޱȣ̰ķķĽһ˼ԣء
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ֻ뵽ʧܵĿܣ֪Լҧ֡
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˵ÿһ¶һ̯ˮѪϵӡǣҡΣƺʱܱȥÿһȴôᶨ
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Ϊ֪Լɹˡ
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˲𣬾Ȼڵһεʱֱӵһٲ㣬Ԫ֮ĵһμ¼ϱȥһԪ˿̷һ˼һŽɫƬƬϣûʧ
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ʲôûɣȻڵһεʱϵһٲ㣿
ܣܣǴ˵ԵԪԪʥõĳţһεҲֻϵʮŲ㣡
Ԫ˵ģôܼٵˣһţȻҪ䶯еԪ磡
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ۣ֪ôģͻȻӿһɲ顣ͻȻ뵽Լ׷Ǹһǵһε
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˵̤ԪһٲֱӵϢΪһٲиӿֲԪѹ޼ƿʩǣûκѹ
Ƭ֮͸оһɹðԭƣҲ֮һֱ֣ӽԪļ
֮ǰҲһͿԪļĽƬ
Ԫļˣͬʱ˵ʱһâһȻſԼϵİķҲͬԪļ
ķ˷ܵĶ𣬵ȵµʱѾ֮ǰһȦƤӼͣϳһطţɢһǿϢ
֮İķ˿˷ܵĴ˹ԴʮǣȻҲ֪ܽԪļҲǶ
İķԴȻֽƮڿеͿץС
ڽԪļܵõʲôͿƬʮڴģȻȷԼǵԪһԪļģŲһεͿ̫


ʮ ʲôط
δ֪ļظʹãһԪδһڵļ׽Ԥ⣬ƥ3080֮䣬ÿֻʹһΡ
΢ɫĿƬ΢΢һ㶣ֿƬͷһμֻҪϸһͻ֪һſƬ֮Զδһڵļ׽Ԥ⣬ǿԤδɲʲôĲ񣬹ȥڡδʱεУδ׽ģϾȥѾǹ̶䣬ڿԼգδ޴̽
һŷȻǿ֪̽δȻԤĳɹֻ3080֮䣬Ҳ൱ˡ
ţԼȻԪļʵɱԪ弶ɲǶ֣˵Ԫǰ˵ԼԴӵһٲض뿪֮᲻鷳Ҳδ֪֮Ȼˣ̾Ϳһŷ鲻顣
̼һδ֪Ƭ
ƬðһɹâڿƬһ֡
ĳڣ֮ͨ·˵ʮ·ڣ
ֻôһ֣֮ʲôûУҲˣһֺܾܿδ֪һſƬԤδ
ȻտƬĳɹ㣬3080֮ģһξǶ֪ǿƬһ׶ˣҲ˵ҲȫղĽ£ֻһա
δֻһϣҪŪ̺˼Ҳ÷Щ˼
˿Ƭϸһ֡
ĳڣ֮ͨ·仰˼˵һصĳڣѡһ뿪֮·
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ص㻹ǡĳڡ
뵽̧ͷ˿һٲڵͬտֻһţǳڡ
һ֪ԴﵽԪؾһ漴ص㣬ֻԤԿ˵ڣӦòָ
Ȼĳڣǿ϶ǲɼģ̸ʲô䡣ȷֻһڣһȦʮȷһ㡣Ѱˣ뵽ǲʲô俨
Ҳֻ俨ܽڲѾǶʦҶԿ˽ԽԽ࣬ͷųԪΧӦԪļڵԪѾﵽ˾˵Ķһʮ壬ͷųԪ̽ҲǺ
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˿Ȼֿһץʹһгһ󿨡
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ԣһźʲôطٲ̫ġ
ҪһѡˣǽһĳڣǴԭĳ뿪
һǳҪѡԤԵָǡ˵ʮ·ڡһϾܿ¹ش
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뵽Ҳǿ粽ǰڣȻ֮ǰûǽԭ󿨷Żȥء
һӰ仯оԼʧƬ̣Ȼ½̤ʵأҰеĹӰʧԼһƬҰ⵱С
ͷ˿ԼƾճģΧʮ촵һһӲݴ÷·һ㡣
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ܿ죬ķǷצڳһצ湴˹ץһɫĽᾧ
һɫĽᾧһ㶣ϵⶫⲻǿðķĳɫᾧ𣿵ҶϺϵֶģķ̳֮ӵ˻ʯķû뵽찢ķһ𣬾ȻҲڳһ
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ЩķһϲԵĶһӣϴҲһЩҧķƤʯͷƤǽìͷת
˵ʵЩСȻ壬̫Ҳ鷳ȣֱӲһС͵ķЩϸ޷Լ
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ҲԪ磬һȦڳ֮µһСʣǵ硣
ѵһˣЦЦԤԿҲʵЩף˵˵ʮ·ͨԼ֮·ôֻص硣
뵽;ãԤԿռδ׼ȷֻһСϳ˿ƨɺӺ۾ɵü
⳵վȻԡִͷģֻоΧڵĳŻգ֪Լʲôطˡ
ȻǾʨһǧ๫ľ


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СպЩ̫ԼȻ˾ķԱЩ⣬ֱӽһɵ䣬ֻһܿ죬˵ڶһ۵SUVŵȥҲǰ򼶵ĺ˿̣ƻӲݺͻҳؤ磬ȥĺһĳƣͬǾĳ
ֻһ˵سҵֿԾҪС̫ˣҲϱӡ
̽飬ٱܣһҵһС򣬴һЩĹϣȷԼλá
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뵽þԼǰʵǺԶһһֻԼôᵽ
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֮ǰѾԼϢԪԿȥͺͨһҲΪʲôᱻﶢϡ
ͷУһͣ೷һ޴ޱȵĳкͺٳԹζˣУҲżץһЩùǾԲŹġ
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ǿȥͲ󣬶Ƕʮ꣬Ҳͨ鲽ƶɵ··صǱůҿԺΧһԱαװ
ƺǷ˲ٺöԵʮ˷ܣûзûзְٻ̵궥ǵļֻɫ֩롣
磬ջ񲻴㹻ǻȡٺöˣеһʰȡ˼ƿװõϴͷ࣬ʮָ˵˵ֶۼȻѾƷײƶò𣬷õĲƷھۼѾݳƷûȥܻܶʵõĶֿƬ
ˣѰмֵľʹߣʱߵȲ´ȡӺǾ뿪ǸȻҲǷǳ˷ܣ˴֣Ҳ֪طܾ˵ʲô鷳
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һһʰߣҲһνʰĵĹ˵֩룬űɱȷԼʰߣǱɣΪǼֻɫ֩붼Ƕ͵Ϯʰߵǰٷ֮١


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Ҫʰ߿д̽ϢȻǲˣԿǼֻɫ֩׼͵Ϯʱһٻ̵꣬Ȼʰ߾ĿУ׾ٵĽֻɫ֩նɱ
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ͻȻֵĸ֣ھǣ׽ֻ롯ɱȻʵףֻײ㣬һֱթܻڶǾ֮ȻҲǰͻȻðĸ֡
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һ˨ӵԴ˨ӣ͸˵ˣҪΣյȥӵʵǵһλģǵڶλҪĹ۲ӲǿʵҲ군ûղʾľۼأ⸽˭֪¾ǣⱿ֪˵ˣֻЩһ˲Ų֪ûκūͣϵ·Ҳޱȣһ·ѹģʵ·ˣҲŶ϶Ǵߡ
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˨ˣһĻǹȴǷһ˿ɬΣȻ˨ӵԴңʲôõģǵһӳʱ򣬾ͿͷݰӣһǾֵܣʱ˵ҪǶȥأֻʣãǶˡ
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壿һ㶡
ȻУ¾ǵĽ裬˵Ҳһģһټֵı飬뵽ǴģҲȻˡ
˵һ˨Ҳżһ䣬Ū¾ǵ
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Һ˨¾һӣûŵĵطͺһҺ˨Ӷʵˣ⸽Ҳǿһƴ˵ҪĿġ
оһ֣ٱҪȻһߣĿƬȴ٣ٶǶ۷壬пߡ
Ҫ֪˲żüõ¾ǣҲϡٵǿߣϾֽ׶ΣѾǼߵĴˡ
뵽һߣ˵ֱƾȼȨס廷ĻС
Ľ飬ЦЦν¾Ҳ֪ҪãֻҪοԻصʨǣҪڴ֮ǰǿԺ͹Ǵһóǻˡ
ֻ¾ΪʲôһطƺǺƽദ⵹Щ⣬뵽ܵ۹Ȼͬ壬Դ̬Ҳͬ˵һ¾ģ񽣶ܵ۹塣
һʻٶȲ죬ǰСʱҲԶһ޴ĳоۼأǹģֱʨǻҪ


ڶʮ ʥ
̵ĳǽݺʮԶԶȥͬһɴݻٵıһ㣬һȦٸߴʮ׵ĳǽͱʨǵҪΰ̫ࡣ
ֻУֱԳ֮Ϊ漣ĳǽʲô𺳵¾ϷȻһС
ƯĳС
۾ֿһ£Ȼûп¾Ͽİٶ׵ĸ߿գȻһУȻеǸҪ¾ҪС˲٣һôƯڿУ
ƺǴӺӾϵ𺳣ʱ򿪳Ĺ͵磬ô˰ɣҾ֪κһո¾ˣᱻһ˵ʵ˿һˣÿοʥǶޱȡ
ʥǣ֮ǰû˨˵֪ԭԭһԼһԹû˵ȻȻ֪ʥǵĴڣȴûȥǱһҪ߹Ҫĵط¾ǵ߳ٶȥ
ʥǵϢҲʮֻܣٹ˨ײǲ֪ġ
ʶĶҲ࣬Ժܿͻָ˹˵ʥʹˣ¾ҲΪʥԲŻѡھʮ幫ΪκιҽӽһƬطҪȫöࡣ
ʱԸоһɴӿдԪ
һɲǰķģȻһʮ˷ܣԭδֻڲܳʱ򣬲˵ŵĹ˨ӣ΢ӵĿռҲݲܿ죬ķĲСȥ
˲ͷĺͬʱķôͻȻô
ĪΪǸʥǣ
֮治УһֻʨǣΪԼѾ۽翪ˣû뵽Ǿ֮ܣ˵Ԫ磬¾ǣѾ㹻ȵˡ
Ŀųʻ¾ǣѾ˺ܶ߻ҲһЩȻҲ塣
ֻЩνһ㶡ڳǰ棬崩ͳһףͳһսǰУĳͱŵĺضҲͳһʽ
ЩǱ׼ˣ༫ΪƣֻɫԼëɫͬˣȻҲҪǿڵ࣬˵ŮԣҲͬŮǿ
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һѽһܵͼϼԷҲ˵ǽܵ۹Ļռǡ
Ӧ¾а޽ǳصģǽܵ۹˰ɣ
ֿܣͿԿܵ۹˶඼ʮѺã٣Ҫ̫ࡣ
Щܵ۹ѲߣԳӺܿͳǣ̾ʸոյǲǽܵ۹ģһЩ磬Ѿ֪ˣû¾Ǿǽܵ۹һ޽ģȻﻹһЩ壬ľǽܵ۹ˣǵеȴǹۿ˵ͣһ£Ǻ򽻵Ļ᲻࣡
ܿ죬֪ʲô˼ˡ
Ӻܿʻ˸ߴĳǽУν˵ƶȫֵ࣬ط
Ǹݳǽֲģÿһɾ޴ĳǽ룬ʮָľ˿һʮҡ
ҲǷֳĸģǾסĵط2
˿2һķǰĻ˾ۼһϴɭɭЦ
Ǹ˨ӹȻɵ㶵ǵȥ˾棬ߣ׳գ͵͵ڷϰٻ̵кܶʣǾȥˣֻǸ֪ǺĳѨֻҪǽȥɣʱ˨ǸƯþǵˣ˵һʮˣųͷһǵƦ͵
磬һ밡˨ӲΪ壬һһߣ㲻ʲôЩߣʵǣֱͱӵˬˣ˶֪ôģһСܼæƨȻеĳ磬ҲǸǵͷ
Ҳǹǵù˭2ϴ翴˨ãҲ˵ˣѾͷȷˮ飬һҲǶȻǽ翴ϵˣǲȾָˡ翴ǣ£ȻҪãϽһŴԺ2ǾҪ÷Ҫ꣬Ů˲Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
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Ȼٲǵĺôˣʱ䣬ȵˣ˨ӻûлѾˣʱֱץˣȻ绹ЩɵģϾԷһߣ˵ڶߵǳ࣬2ҲĸˣΪǿˡ
ʱһһĹȥɫ찵̲ס׼֡
ͬʱ˨Ѿǽһεջ񻻳ԪƬȻһЩõŵĶ˨ӸһЩӡƤкһƿϴ¶Щĸﶼѣͨ˸ûС
ǸԼһҲǸһ
ֱͻˣҲûƴǣѡһ˶͵ֱֱʵãˮˤʺԼá
֪¾ҾԪҲδȻƣôණʮԪ˵һԪʵǲʲôǶڹ˨ӣȴǴˡ
ߣ磬ǼȻѾѣԺҲҪһƴͷһȻҪúף2һЩķݣʶһʦպܲǰǼƵĴǽͺúݳһѡʮԪպãȻ鼫ã˵ԼˣûϵҲŪͷʥǾʲôһӣ͹һҲûʲô
һߣƺʲôæ˨ӵˣ˨ӣȥСҲǰ첻һٺõôνĹ⣬Ҳ
ϣ磬ȥȥС꣡˨ô˵Ҳһʮ߰꣬һӣʱȻʮ˷ܣһ·СܾûӰӡ
ʱС˨ӵã߰˸һӾӳڣֻʣˡ
˵ͷ̫ˣԼҲһһʱһӳͬ飬֮⣬ˡʵǼҳ㷹
ܿ죬Ϥ·Ĺһƽſڣõľţдš󷹵ꡯ


ڶʮ ķŭ
νĿ󷹵꣬Ǽƽ滹֧żӣżӣ˿ѾȺΧΧһ̶ĲƷ
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˵ܿԶŵ˵ķζò˵ʻǺܸߵģ˵;дСƣ⿭󷹵ѾԲ׵£ʵǮ
Ϊϰ죬ԺܿǾһ£ǴϰЦǺǵȥŪòˣ͹˵Ź¾ǵĸ顣
¾Ϊ޴󣬶о޴ǽڵԸ֮нͬĸСҲǽĲ࣬ԹϤģеĵ2С
ȻĵĻ壬Լͷʥǡ̧ͷ죬ͿԿʥǣԿʥƯ޴ĿƬʱ޿̶һԪâʥƯڿУȻЩ޴ĿƬйϵԺĸоʥΧмΪǿķ͹
жôǿȷţڵԼòּĿ󣬻Լʦļʦпܡ
ôʥǵУסŵʲôˣ
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עģȥͬڣϾ֮ൽ󷹵㼸̳˳ԳԵģҲ˶ѡ
֪ԼҪ̽Ϣ취ɫǲһʱ⿭󷹵ĳˣͬ˵ζܲ
˿̣˼ĳֹĵĵоʮֿɿڣʮ㡣
˨Ǽһôûйⶼȥ˰СʱˣһͻȻ˨һȥãôȥôã
סĵطԶôҲһ䣬ȷ˨ô˵һһߣȻûʲôƬʰСʱʱ䣬ȷЩˡ
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һҲ֪ܳʲô£ֱߣһȥ
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ԳһЩһЩƹ⣬һЩСյȼ֮⣬ĵطһƬڰ
Ϥ·Ƕߣų̸죬˵ԲӾ͵һЩªǰ
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˨Ҳ׼ȥƴ
£Ȼ⣬Ҳûʲô£ȥҲãǶߣƶһҲǸˣʲô鷳ӦҲܽˣСæ
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Ҳɵ֪ԷôһΪԼڣǿ϶̣Ͼô˵ԼǻʵĶߡ
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½˨Ӷһ㶣ֻһСͷߣʵȻͬǶԲ£ǳ½ǲͬʵͱ2Ҳ˵һͷĴ¹Ƕ˵ʮ
˵ģ鷳ˡ


ڶʮ ҵ
̵ģǳ½ô˭ץС꣬Ҿͺ˭ƴ˨ӣأҲǳһѿУޱȵĿпɱڣһԵ˨Ҳ໵һɤӣȡѷذףò˵Ȼ٣ɼΡ
ʱ򣬹˨ͻȻ֣һֱǺ˿̲ˡ
˶ɫһ漴ЩȻΣô˵ͶԷֻƼˮ꣬ҪԷ˼ϲ˵ҲԸθ˵ǳ½ִм̾ˡ
˵ʵ˲ûйֻϧԼԷѣǰˡ
ˣ߾ˣ˨ӣ𣿡ڣҲܺƴ൱ܽСȻڣǼûӮ棬ԷҪˣҪԼ˸Ƕ֡
Ҳ£磬ҺС㣬Ϊиõķչ˨ʱ˵
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ʱԱͻȻ۵һ´ˣ߳һˣһģƯŮ˨Ӻ͹Ůǿź磬磬
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˾ȳˣ˨ȻǲƴȻôưոݡ
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֪Ʊ˲ȻҪġ
֪ˣҲܸɴ࣬Ը⳥
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뵽ͷ˿Ǹ꣬ЦǺãȻԸ⣬ôҺˣ
£һһ㱳ȥû뵽ԷȻôݣ¾ǵĲҵò׽ģҲ֮ԷȻſھҪ
ֱͺҪһ
ôԸ⣿һ䣬̱һϸϸ˿ڣŵöԷæԸ⣬ֵȻϣҾø㡣
йڣתҲƭӺһʵһתȨǩ֡
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ȻˣԼﻹҪһ˽Ͼ
뵽ҲǶ˵ǩ־ʹżû»뿪ûȥطֱȥ2ʵȨ½ĵ̣Ҫҹ״
ߣȻƾյһ꣬ǳ˵Ԥϡ
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ǹøԶ˲ɱԷ£һֽܵٶƷ󣬱ȶԷȨҪ֪2Ǳ˭֣ûбˣ֣ܲȻµõˣδܾӪȥ


ڶʮ С
˵ˣǳ½С꣬£֪ܲ½˭Ҳ֪Էʵǹ֪
2ˣ˭֪½
󣬹ƾԼ˵ĵͶߵʵҲֱӳ嵽ԷҪˣ˾Ƕ֣㲻УҲֲʲôá
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ֻȴ֪СЩڲͬ
ڵС껹ûоߣȥͬЩʺǱرһˣֻԪļĸ֣֪ǿԿóС겢ûǱѵͨˡ
ǵûǱ൱Ǳ
ԪȻʮֱӦԪʮ⣬ͨߵԪҪ
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֮Ĳֻ࣬Ҫ˾ֱܷȻڻ֪СڵԪԣǺͻԪͬһȼġ
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˵ز¾ǣڱһͷܣҪ˵ֵͷߣĶУҳ£Ͳ˵½ˡ
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ʱʵ¾ɱûϵ𣿡
ոҪɱڣǱɱ˼Է޼ɵдһʡ
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ǲ鿴һ꣬ȻΧһ͹
ȻĹģֻǽڣڵʵҪСͿǻ֮ɡ
֮ҹɫĶһû˵ĵطķٻ˳
ķһ̧ͷеʥǣǲ˵϶һЩ飬ˣҲһ˿²⡣
ԪϣԽܵ۹Ͷ԰ķʮϤ֪ڵã¿ɲ˭֪ģ֮⣬¾ǵĽҲнܵ۹ӰӣҲнܵ۹רŵľסô᲻Ҳôǧʯ˽ҲǴ¾֪ģϰķʥֲķӦѾһΪ׵Ʋ⡣
ͷʥǣͺԪʥйϵ
˵ķǧʯǧʯǽԪʥãΪʦשԿס
ô᲻һ᣿
᲻δ֪Ԥеġ֮·
Ϊֲ²⣬Ż¾ţڽռҲֻ˳ΪϾҲһŵĵطһݲҵ˵ҵģҲֲñˣԷɱ֣ҲֻǾ뿪ͺá
ȵ˺ҹ˨ӺС궼˯֮Ϣ뿪ϵӺʹϰµĺºڼԼߣԼαװãȻٻҹɫڻ·ͷʥǡ
ҹķĴţٶȺܿ죬ֻƬ̾ͽӽʥǣʱҲʥƯĿƬ뿴Ǵһ֣⾹ȻһΪ߶˵Ŀ
һ޴ĳ²һƯĿȥЩ˼飬ȴģ˿


ڶʮ дս
һʱ䣬оͷƤЩ飬ͬԼһһĿǻǼ
ļ弶ֻǸ߼Ŀ󣬵ֿܲľǸеĸ֣ͬĹɱˡ
ʱ򣬴¾ĻͶУֱɳ˼
ʲôˣȻôʥǡһһͷ޴ͷӥ˴ǳ˻ƼǿǺʵԪһַǳԪϴŰɫףֳһ׵ĳìҹǣϣȻһǻڰȥЩײࡣ
ԷҲûмֻ뿴ʥǣ֪ʥмΪ߼֪ԼǱ뵽Уô߼Ҳ˵ͬĹԴУǺûʲô
û˵ܿ죬⼸յķҲ˹ȻΧסЩ¾ǵľ࣬Ҳ壬ν壬ָܵ۹ʵϣ¾ͽܵ۹һͳΡ
˿ΧסԼˣһʼŰӥʿ֮⣬ˣŷķʿ
ͷͲСȻȹҪСһţҲϵϣһһǿߣͬԪһһ壬ȴԪļʵ
˵еһȻǲκηֻƾһŹ׷ڿС
ԷϵʣޱȣžΣֳһͬĴܣԽӶڣץһѺطʿ״ĹȻûȴĳֶöԷԷС
ˣҲ˵ǿһﵽԪļ۷ʵ
ˣʶӦǸ¾ǿзϾΪһǿĳǳأǵķԶԶģҲҪǿĿзҴģĸ¾ǵȫշ
˵ҲǺԩҲֻ̽һʥǣû˼û뵽ȴ鷳ȼ֮˺ʹ·
˿ȻȥشԷ⣬ֻĸһﶼߣʿǸŹ׵ˣǿв
ǺǵĺʹǸŹ׵ͻȻʵԼʶ㣬֪ǵĴڡ
ʱ𻰣Ѿ˽ļƻǾԲܱ¶ģĸȻǿޱȣҪԼҲ
뵽ýһ·ȥ
׷̴𣬴ͷ׷ȥŷ˱ǿ׷ȥ
˿¾Ͽգչһҵ׷սٶȼ죬ǶԷٶҲǸˣٶȾȻȹҪһЩ
Ƭ֮͸оһΣϮҲ룬кھȡһӣͺͶԷһײһ
ԷĽҲʮҲںھ󽣣ҪʤһӲȶ5ײǽĻ𻨣ͷ·ŵ̻һޱȣ쳹ҹա
£¾ǵоܶ˷˿еļսܳͷۿһЩ֪ˣҲ˳ûӣ¾ǼȻΪȨƶ񣬶һһҹսĿ⡣
Ȼ֪¾Ѿˣ˿ںǸ˶ԹȻȻʵǿҲǴ൱ֻûжȫԷӣƺҲһ
ʱҲ׷˶Χ
һʱ䵶⽣ӰһģǱѹ
Ȼǲˬⲻ֪һĻôãѾս˶ˡ
¾֪࣬ʮǿߣĽʮǿ߶ԪʵÿһԻɱͨԪ֡
˿̣յѾռǸŰӥ˺һͷɫʿ
һκ壬һԳԣ޽ӽԪļĴڣʵǿûл˵¾ྫӢеľӢ֪жٻŮеİǶеһ
һԪǽֵʸûУ˿̣˾ȻǷֱһ£ֳִ󽣵һˣһ㱻·
һĻ֪˶۾
˵ΧĻܵ۹ǿߣһʿһǹʿȻ֪٣Ҳ֪Ԫļʮǿ߶ҪϣĸˣȻκβһˣ
ԷǸ˾˭
Ŀǰ¾˶֪⡣
κԳһһס˾ʲôͷһ̨ϣһ̧ͷĿɿڴ˵ʲôæԱߵһ˵Ĳ໹壿
ǸĲ˫ǳһ㣬̧ͷ˿࣡
Լ࣬ƺӲ˵һϻƺҲϰˣһ˷ܵããνı죬Ļҿţȥҳۻ۶Ҫ£
ͬһʱ̣һĹۡͷҲǿ˴ӲͬǶֱĻ棬һɫ
˭һвӣĿ꣬ǵȻضԿյһͷ˵꣬һžװ̾רŵĵ绰
һ£Էݶֱ֪Ӷ䣬ǻ鷳ѣʱһͻȻ˵
鷳߾ŵЩֲʦ鷳Ŀ꣡һʼ˵ͷᶨ˵ʦ֣û
ܿ죬¾ǵĸϣܿʼԶ׼Ŀꡣ
ϣʿ;սʿʼж䱸״̬Ͼ¾ǵϸĿйƣһЩȨзҲԲ¾ϿշУϧѹ֪һ涨
˿̣֪Լһʱ֮٣Ȼ˾ҵ𶯡
ĴΧǵлǻʵԪļһԪļ۷壬˵ûѹǼٵģҪʱڻҲԲܡ
Ԫļ֮ӲԪ弶˵˿һĴƣȫδزܷΪʤ
ֻûôıҪֻ뿴ʥǣ˿ĿѾɣȻǲٶңոպĸּ˼ӣѾǴջ񣬵ǻնһȻˡ
ܣĶôףĸֶǴŭչҵĹǶˣĺǿĴһԷߣǵɾͶˡ
ҪߣҲס׷ˣ˦󿨲һ俨󣬽к˲俨ȻϰӰеϢԼȥ
һϵж磬Уƾʧûһ˿һĺۼ


ڶʮ ʿ
ʧˣôܣĴֶնĽҪ׷ȴԷôʧڿУûһ˿ۼ
̷ɵʧĵط²̽ȷûκκۼһˣһ;޴ĹȻôˡ
ǶĿɿڴ飬ȻЩǵԤϣһĳʶ
¾Χ۵ˣ˿ҲЩ۾ֱͬħһ棬ⲻ磬Ϊһħء
ο룬˿ԪŰӰ£ߵķ죬Ӷ׵ĸ߿£ҲֻǼʱ䣬µĵطպǽһ޴ĻǽΧصһɲǣֳһԪע壬˫һ̵ĻǽϵһţǻõĶǼӲʯһȥֱ̤ĽӡһŷɳȥʮףȻȵڵϡ
ҲΪѾԪļǿѾʮͣһԪһЩֶΣڲ˵
̿뿪ոڴ򶷵ʱҲǴӿй۲¾ǵĸ֣Ȼͬ˵¾Ǳһ޴Ļǽָ˿ԼµӦĻ廷֮ĻǽŰӰ񣬻һСʱ͵͵صǸꡣ
һ̽ҲŪһЩ飬ҲǳһЩ鷳ڣȫˣڱģŲȥܡ
ҹ¾еһЩעǲ֮ҹ
κ塢ԳԣǶߵľӢںͽܵ۹ʿһ¾ǵĿһǲŲòϣǸһͷʵǿޱȵˣƤӵˡ
ǴĴ
ܵ۹ʿ͹ʿҲɫ࣬Ȼ֮ϰٷʿûκη֡
һۡУκԳԱͷ¾ǵ߲㱨ȻҹɫǶûκ˯⡣
κ壬ԳԣǶ¾еľǵʵʹս˵˵ɣһɫͷӱʵ
׳Ǹ˵ʵǿͶԷ֣ÿһζԷˣҲ˵ಫǼһ𣬶ǶԷĵ֣κԳԻ࿴һۺͬʱ˵
Ŷô˵Էܿܲˣͷһƶϡ
ֿܣʱʿ˵ԷǺǵĺʹκƺʲôֲ
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˨˯úһΪͳ½ʿ¾Ҳǿһޡ
磬˭ʵ
˵ʵ˲еλһУڼʶǸʿȻ¾ĸиֵΧڲ֮أԽħһַʧٺ󣬡ʿ֣һϵʱͷ¾ǣŵĻ⡣
ĸǲ෹۵ģصĹʿ˨Ҳ⡣
Ϊ˵Ҫú˯ҲûдӷͿ˨ӺС˷ܵʲô˨̵磬˯ˣҲǴһϷ
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£㣬Ͽˡȷǲ֪˨ӼæϹʿм¾Ĵֵ½˳ǵģ֪ģΪǹʿء
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ˣӽ쿪ʼҪӪ꣡첻ˣԼ꣬Ǹͳ½϶ưոݣȽЩС鷳˵
½֣˨ԼСɫҲ˭֪½֣֪Է·¿϶ܾô
Ȼûһ˵ײƬ̣ľʵĴžͱײƣľмɢһأ߽ǿ׳ľߣǸ⼸ָ˵Ե磬⼸ˡ
Ȼȥ״ˣ½ȴһʮֽˣûˣϸѯľ
½ھʱҲһӪһҵ˲ٴ֣ĴʲҲˣڰˣһͨͨ
ѷ磬һʼȻһʱ䣬һЩֶκٴηΪͷ
½ǴС﷢ģºܽԼǲˣԲȥǣǲԼˣôֶαԳƵ϶ˡ
֪ҲЩ£ȥһ£ǾץһǰżȻһŮ½һߣһԷֱһЩϡкԪ
ǸŮȻûоѣԪ⣬Գ½Ǵ㽫ԷŪ֣úọ̵̃Ժ֮ʵףҲǸԼƽһʵҳ½ϲɫʱ򣬾ϲŪŮԣǱ䱾ֻҪϵŮˣûʲǫ̂Ϳɽٷ֮ҪŪϵġ
С½ӦÿԺװɣû뵽ȻΪǸŮʰһ٣˼Сܲ˵Ҳȥ
һʼ½ΪԼˣ£ǰûٸɣֵԼͷϣЩԽˣ˵Ǹһ㶼ҪϹԼ
Էһˣ˲÷ɵɱһߵ£ͬһ㽫ߵƷ½Ҳü
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ֵǸûǹ˨ӶסǵĵϸҺûκαʵ˵
Էһˣ͹ֵͼľѣҲʲô˲ˣʵǿһ㣬ԵһˣСʲô·ô£Ӳͽ˵ҽҪ̸̸ֻһˣֱɱ˾С˭ȭͷ˭лȨǸ¾ǵĹʿˣκ塢ԳеĳֶκβãʵؽһԼĵ۹練Ƶ¡½һ׳ĺ˵߽Եߣǳ½ͷŴ֡
Ϊ½˴һĻԵľߣֱƿ˴롣


ڶʮ Ҹһ
Է˵ͽƴ˽Ҳüͷһ塣һԹ˨ѾվСϴһ˿⣬Ҳû£Ҳȡŵ
СӶС
˽ŮˣꣿУһΪ׳һȥΪ̵Ľؼ׵׳ָϣǶ
Ե½µͷŴ֡
ûо֮ǰԵǴȭģڳˣִӲںȭϽִ֮Ե׵ĸɵͬľߣһγ½ĳ˼߰ɱ½Եһ˸ɵһ룬ʱūͣԵһ˫ȭͷֱӴʹȷ˳½һֵĵλ
Ե￴Сһ׮ǳ½ԿŲ˷ʱ䡣˵˵Էܿһߣǳ½Եš
ߣѾĿǰܴﵽԪȼһ˵߶ᱻһЩǿļôܻƵطǵĹƣԷҲһߣֶֻζһЩʵǿһЩˡ
ûжֻƤų˳⼸ڴˣֿ˿汻ƻĴţŤͷԹ˨ӵǵĴű˴ˣһ⣡
⻰˨ӶֱͶأֵˣȻû˿ɫ˵ӣӡԷԵ½ߵͷŴ֣ҲŵϺŵĸ֣ôӣҪ費ɡ
ʵϣԵȷŭˡ
ûб˵ӹ˭ǹĵͷ񣬽һԵ硯оɱ⡣
Ե˵ͬʱѾǰһһȭͷĺԣ˿ŤͷԴԵԵԼһȭԽԷԴһ顣
ΪǰȭԵϲҲϲūֻͣԼȭͷĿǰΪֹ֪жٵ˶һ˫ȭܻɱܳΪ½ұ۵ʱ
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ȭͷھʮֵĵطͻȻ飬ͷ·ʲôһ
һĻüΪ٣ûκ˿ʲôԵȭͷͷ·ǿһεǽڣԵȭͷԼײȥŻˡ
ˣԵ̲ҽһѾȭͷ˼۾ͬһ
ڣɱ󿴵ƣ˫˫ûκƶ
Էûж֣ûпԼȭͷˣⲻǼʲôʵϣոʹõľԼһӳ俨ĹŹִ֡
Ե̷һ˿⣬ԼҲſˣû뵽һߵϣָ֣Է϶ʲôֶΣֻԼ֪ˡ
˿̲ŤͷԵҲһˣ˿ҧһ̺ǻŸʲôǹɵ
Ե֪ԷʵδԼǿֻӦһĿƬսУǾǹͲţԷûףһǹȥܲ
һ̣ԵǼ̷ӦǹЩĶǾװĳǹǹͣǾߣûд׵Ҳᱻɱ¾ﲻǹͬ涨ӻҲҲһֽģֻҪйϵʵǹ˸ʲô¡
ڶԷǹͬʱˣΪڳ緹ϰһѿӣץһԪ˦˳ȥ
⵱Ȼ˷ɵַЩһЩС˵дŵͶ鹹ģһֿġԪ֮£ֶͬһ㼤Ǽֻû֮ǰʹ̴ǵ󣬼ǹžžžڵϡ
ϰɵҲЩˣһԳƵǴʦǷɹһֻӬɻɱ
һ󱻴̴ļһּ̲ǹ˦һ̴ֶֻֻͬǷˡ
һ£û˸
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ߣԵ֪һˣʲôԷҲֻһˣȻѾ֪ԷֶΣô´ֱӴһΧͲŶԷܷ˻
һԵŵɫ԰ףԵʵ֪ģһ˿ԸɵʮһߣǶҲȡʤǳ½ܴһλΪԵһԷȻᱻɱƨԼԳɹԼ꣬û뵽ԤȫһԵֶˣȻԼǵġ
Ե˵ҪߣæҪת
ʱһ˭ߵģ
˵һֶһ磬ֱӴ뵽ǰĵשУһ߳ӾȻǷ·붹һ㣬ȫû룬ǸðһɿֲĻǡ
һĻԵˡ
ʲôֶΣȻһ㣬Ҫ֪שʯʵصģʮּӲ˵ԼľߣҲһ㡣
ˣֱվԵˣ˸ǲң˿ŵÿҪˣԼովͲӦôżڵã߶߲ˣ˵صˣܱܲס˵
ǴƵģ⳥Ҫߣ˵Եһ¶˿æ⣬ȻҪģ
˵ŵᣬȡһЩԪֻûݹȥͱһ仰ŪòԵڵء
ֵԪʨӴ󿪿ڣ˵ԪʲôϾԪؾҪһԪҪǧԪ¾ǵԪѾǲСˣԵȻְԵҲûôԪ˵ϵԪһûôࡣ
ʣթթԵ֪ƫƫ˵ʲôΣڣǽԵԪȡ㣬Ҳٶţһ롣
ֻٶţԵо۵˿԰ףĵ˹ȥ
ֱӽƬȡպã޳һ䣺ʣµô죿ǴǷ
Ե˿̺޲ýֻ̻֪Ļ룬Էʵ֮ǿԶԶԤϣڱ˵Լ䣬ǽʺӿ۵ԼϣҲܷ
ǷдԵҧҧ˵ֻҪ뿪Ȼȥ潨磬ʱֵһΧϰ֧ǹһټūͺͷͲŸɲԷ
û뵽һȴԵ־ϲ
ˣһ˿ɾͲˣҾ۸һˣȥǸ½ҪǮˣ˵ֱ꣬


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ȻҪԼȥԭȻȥҪʣµԪԵһ㶣ַˣԷ̰̰ˡ񣬾ǿԸԷԷ־ͽ˴ȥɳ½Ըֻһζ̫ˣ߸ǳ˵Σû뵽ԷҪԼߣٺòˡ
Сӣǲ֪ôдǵĵ̣ͷҲ꣬ҪʣµԪߣʱ򲻰ж˿飬ֵдԵݺݵ뵽ֻȻˣֵдһ֡
ȻѾ˷ޱȣǱϣԵȴһ㶼ұֳûеԼ̵ʱһŭԷǾԲ֮١
ȻǮҪж٣Ե˵ͷŬסеĿϲȻ˳ꡣ
磬ǡթٶԪ˨ӺСѾ൱Ծ˷ˣ¾ǴôãûмôԪֻû뵽ΪҪʣµԪȻҪ󵽶Էĵ̡
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Ȼʶһʱ䣬ǹϣ˨ѾǶΪΣô˵Ҳû˵ʲôʵʵĴꡣ
ǸԵȥ˳½ĵ̡
2ݺύĽֵĽȻҪطҪãͬʱҲ2ġҵġ
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ǰľǲ£磬¾ǣôһвܾͱÿˡ
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Եˣһһİ˹½üͷһ壬Եǰȥѵ˵ģھȻ˶飬һİˡ
ǵģԵ͵͵ǵ˴ƣ׼ӭУǸ½Сܼæ˵
ˣȥֶ½һУҲУ֪̾Եˡ
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ܿ죬Եʹ뵽˳½ڵĽһߵĴ¥ԵҲû·սսʱʱͷһۣȫ֮ɫһƵı顣
ȴȫ⣬һ·ѾԷ͵͵ЩСֶΣĿǰʵܶκв˵ģֻҪٻɭͼֻԪսʿͿԺɨһˡ
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ʱԵſǸɳǰ磬Ұ²ûа飬һֻ֣
ⲻ㣬ˣԵô꣬ҿ϶Ҫ㱨ȥˣ½˰֣ԵǷһֻ֣ҲһΪǿĶߣңҲʶһЩ壬ֶҪҽκԵҲǲܡ
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ģ½һ㶣иоЩԣȻСȷֻһˣû˸
ֻһˣһ㣬Եǿȷŵġ
Ǻãߣһ˵ĻҲ£Ū
½ŷЦЦȻŽĿƵϣȻСӣקȻҶҵˣųȥҳ½Ҳ׻ˣ
˵̴֣ΧӺԼһЩźӿһˣ˵Ҳʮţ֮⣬ʮߣһǸװǹǹʮѡ
ȷʵ֮£һߣҲܻųȥӵһЩͿƬľߡֻľߣϵĿƬ٣ʲô˲õԾԵ֪ҲĶԷܷʲô˻
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ˣҵĴܽеģڹ½һ硭½û˵꣬͸оЩۣһֵ̣ĿԷȻ֪ʲôʱԼǰһѺĶ̵о͵Ĳϡ
һ˿⣬ǵдݹģĻֱ̻˶


ʮ ʱ
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ȳȥһЩ˵ָָΧ˵½ʱôҲµˣϽȥ
ϴ󷢻Щֻһ˳˷䣬һ԰׵ԵѾӵ
֪Լ군ˣ˵Ǹ֣˳½ǵһĲϾǿĵˣǻ˵ģڳ½ƢԣǺģֻҲӣϾԵ˻һء
Ǵ˿ֻʣͳ½ѿûзôŶԷ˵
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£߰ǽֱӱ俪һӣʯ䣬¶һ
֪ôͳ½˴򽻵ȰûõģԷһˣҪöԷֻܸݡ
һĻ½۾һ˳ʱĸоʲôп־壬ԷֻǿһǸǽڣͽǽըһʲô
½˵ûԷһԸԼԼԴҲըϡá
˲Ҳˣұطˣס𣿡˵꣬½͵ͷ
ԷͷҲ뽫̫ϾԼͶԷûе˷ǵһĵزҲûô𡣶ó½ˣ֮ǰԷĴҵĻôԼδֻǽڣ½һĨصҲȫ˿־塣
ȥˣʱͻȻо䵱еİķһ󲨶æֹԷҪɳĶڿɲ뱩¶Լǧʯ飬˳ķķȥոձԼǽ棬һ䡣
澹Ȼһرҡ
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ƺǿע⵽ԼĲرң½æλ磬֮ǰȫᣬһҾͽǸɵĶʲôˣã͵Ҹǣ
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ĿãѾһֲðķһô
ȻãĻ½һתʶһᣬԼǿǲһסӵĸ֣лܽλ£ٺò
Ҳǽ߽ȥֱץһľϵĺӡ
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ĺöҲϰټԷôôɣһ
Ȼ½˵ʲô뵽ֶκʵȴӲҪ˵Ļ˻ȥֱȻЩ죬룬ֱӴĺӣһȭͷСɫᾧȡ˳
ôһ鱦ʯһϡﰡױģ̾ǳ½һ֪֪ʲôֻϹèѡöԷһɫᾧڳ½˵дá
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ô֪ûãһ֪½֪ɫᾧã¶һԼװı顣
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ȻƲ⣬ҲʱˣһʱҪˣԼߣķһɡ
ⶫˣûɣ⣬ǸԵ߻ҵţǷʮԪҲһҰɣ˵꣬ſֵ
½һԷҲʵθڴ󣬲ҪôʱҪԼ⳥ʮԪʲôţǽҲûô󰡡
ֻ½Ҳ⣬ֻҧʣȡٶԪʱҲҪˡ
˶Ҳϻֱ뿪
ȵ֮󣬳½ǱףǽһٱȻγǹһǹе˶ԷԼҲôһ鷳Ϊ˱ʧһޱȵʱԪ
磬˵ô죿ֵǻôţͷһαͷʺԲôȥԵ־Ѿ˿һ˵


ʮһ ת鷳
Եֻһç򣬳½ȻҪӾȻ޵ҧгݣȴǿѹҪ˼֪ԼԲǸոǸ˵Ķ֡
ҪһسӣֻѰ·
ǾͬԵ˵һһζԷֱӴԼϣ¶ȥȻһǧɣʵЩġ
ã½ҡͷԵȻвʣǸ̫ûǲҪˣȻҪҪܻ쵽زҲΪȡᣬЩ˲ǡ
½ǵһˣԵȻҲ֪Էղô˵Ҳֻһʱ뵽˵ֶκ͹ȵٶȣԵҲȥ
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˵ʲôԵĻ½۾ʱһԵԣղŵĻظһ飬³½һĴȾվ˷ܵа취ˣǲҪ棬˵Ҳܽⳡһ룬ֻҪǸҶң׼͵ﱻߵ͸¶ȥҶҵ磬϶ȥСӵ鷳룬Сͣ͵ùҶң
ԵȻһ㣬֮ҲǷӦ˹æ԰粻ϴ־ĵӶǲҶСҶҸҰҶҵ˳֣ʱҲǸǱ˳ˡ
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󣬳½ҲûвȥϵѪģǰҶλ廷ڵһ֧ҶҵܲλڣǵطԲ½ܽȥģܽ뵽廷ѾǺܲˡ
Сʱĵȴ󣬳½Ҷ廷֧һˣԷȻʮͣȴһ߸ϵ̬½Ĳüͷ΢壬½ʲô𣿸ʱ䣬֪Һæ
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һʼҶҵ˺ܲͷʱʱǸı̬ȡ
˵õһʱ׼׸ҶңҶԴ˿мȻֻҶҵһͨˣҲ֪ʱҪԡ
ЩѾΪҶҵĶܣҶԱϾҶҵˣȻֻϵҲ֪ʱͷϵʥйϵ˵ǽܵ۹ˣҲͷʥϵ˷
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ҶĶ֪ܲ½ʲô⣬˵ԷûʲôһʱҶǰٷ֮ҪŪġ
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뵽ãҲ̾һԪؾĴԼԵɺ֮½ϣ⣬׼ȻˣҪеȻԼѾϼ£Ҳܲܡ
ҶϺһŲµ飬лȥҶ̽һ¡ڣѾȷҶҾ֪ʱã滹һЩδ֪ԨԴ棬ҪȻҶϺʱôʱƷ
ҶϺĻ˵ǶĸģɾЩѰζˡ
ҶԶȻ֪Щʲô룬ֱ˦Ǽֲһ俨Ȼʩչ׷磬һ̤С
˿ֻܿһӰӶѣ˿̣½ĳѾߡ
½ߺҶԱȡ˿¾ʹõĵ绰һȥܿ绰ͨ


ʮ Ҫ鱨
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£òҪͱ˵𣬵ȻҲȥ˵Ҹұ֤ҵ֮ǰһҵ㣡
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Ҷһ̱ڵϣͷһǸոյĹʿû뵽ԷȻȥ
ҡҡ֧˰Ҳû˵
ȻרܻŻҶԣһѯʶԷˣԷˣ˰ֵҸͣ㣬֪ҶϺ𣿡


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ҶˣԷ⣬æ֪ҶϺҶҵĴС㣬һֱǣǰʱŻص¾ǵġ
Ҳֻżһʣû뵽ջ
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ۼأһǧ߰ٶ๫ôģ
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ˣԷ˵ĶԣԼǸҶңҶԸǸʿԼҲˣȻˣҪǲڣţ£ʵȻҪҪ
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ҶңھʱǹڵĶ壬Աֲھ̽統УǵҪְһ壬ѷŵҲһȻ˵¾ǵУҶҵӰǿ
רΪҶҿٵıռغܹ㣬ɭϣ˿һʮֺı¥̨ϣһŮھΧһȦվʮˣЩ˵ϢȻԪľߡ
ʼɣŮһľ˵һһ̣ʮԪľͬʱȡŮ
Ůۣͫһ˿⣬ľѾЯһԪѾڳһ߼ϡ
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ʱ򣬴߽һˣһһЦãϺá
ףˣС㣬ȻҶϺսˣҶҵˣҲҶϺĸҶ񶫣ǿӰ¾ǵļ֮һ
СʵѾ޽ӽԪļȵδԪؾȻԳΪһﵽԪļ࣬ʵҶ֮ҰոǸܼʱЦ˵йάƨζ
ϺƽѾݷˣĵǴҪˣϺԸǰЩһ֪֪Һ趼ܵ㣡ȻǰҶ񶫱ֵʮǿƣ˵һԼŮ¶˴ȸӡ
ҶϺüͷ΢壬ҡͷףǰŮܣǲȥģԣҾһǰҶϺѾˣڵңҪΪǿߣҪҶҳΪӵĴڡ
뵽ΪҷǺ£һǲ̫࣬ˣһҪȥԪؾ֮ǰ棬ʱҲˣ㣡ԱŮҶҲ˵ʲôֻεЦ
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Сλ䣬СҲֻδᣬǲ֪ǺǻȵҶϺ뿪ոǸܼҲų˵˿̣ܼһ䣬ȻһԪ۷ĸ֣ȻܳΪҶҵĹܼңôһͨˡ
ʹϺǰľտڲ̸׵Ĳְ֪ѻᷢʱΪҪ׼̫࣬ûеһʱ佫һؾȻһˣѾͷȴûϢѾͷ׶༪ˣҺҲǶѣҶûҸǲ֪ôڰҶ񶫴˿ҲһΡ
еȻӵܣҲǾһǳľ٣þǶԷĶŮúһϲģԸ㣬ֲܹѵ֮ͺҶϺһǱڣʵϣá
ϺԸ䣬ҲΪðɣˣ˵ʱܻ˵ģҶ񶫰ڰ֣⣺ǸƾðĹʿʲô
ȻҶ񶫶ܼһǺܿصģԷҶҷ˳ʮ꣬Ҷ񶫸һҶҵιܼһְˣΪҶҳıߡ
Ҷ񶫵ĻǹܼҵǸʿȷǺȤܵ۹Ĺʿ˵ԷԺǵĺʹڵԪҲһСֻ·ܣ׽ҾãԷһʲôʹΪǺʹ֪ܲʥԪʥõأڵԪ磬ԪԲǣ⣬¾ǰ䲼սκηеķҲ˾֪¾ǵˣ廹࣬Ӧû˲֪Ŷԡ
ܼҵⷬҶ̵˵Է¾ǵˣҲǺʹ
ԣ٣Ǹ¾ǣϤĹԲŻôðʧ飬ԷʵӹɣҲ伣ѾʼӦ뵽ҵôһ֣²Ǽ򵥵£ܼҼ
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Ҿܼһ顣


ʮ ۺ
û뵽һô࣬صʱѾˡ˨ԼС궼ĵţȻֻʶһʱ䣬Ѿ൱ζԷˣĿԾӪһ꣬˵ɿԹϸõ
Ҳ֪겻ܾӪȥΪ½ɲǺǵģʮ뿪ˡ
Կʱ˶ʮ˷ܡ
磬ˣôǰʵ
İɣӽǵˣͿʼӪҵѾ֪ʥԪʥãһһºĳֲԣȻȵǸʱڴ֮ǰҲ
ĻҲ˿ͬʱм½ô˶κβȻһʶһ˲
һ£ȻҪ꣬һˣȻǲǰ֣ǹ˨ӻСһ֣һЩʱ佫ֻˣһΪֵ֣ꡯȻš
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ʵϣҲǺ飬ۼأʳǵһҪĶԿչɱٷ˵꣬ͳҪһҵ
Ϊˣ¾ҪܵơģûйϵͿɽ㿪ˣҲᱻǿƹرա
ĵ2½ӵרӪȨ˵˭˭ͿԿѾ½ʰ÷Է鷳
Ϊֵչ۲ͣҲҪһЩ˺ܿ¡ЩԵľ߾Ƕһ·ҲԸֵԼڶƶ񣬸Ǵ絽ſ𳤶һʱõĿ¡
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̾һ̵ϰ˳Ʊ磬ǰһ֣֮ǾһˣǸ½˴񣬲űһ̡ѾһСˣԺȲкüţҲû˸ǣֻ⼸̵ΪֵĿܵ˺ܴӰ죬Щסˡ
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С꣬Һ˨ӹȥʮڵˣ˵ͬʱһԵ˨ӣ˳ȥ
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ûĲأҪ۵ģϽȻǾҪˡ
磬ǺǷʲôͲǵĵȣǰŪһŴޣȻֻһˣ
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˨Ҳһݽɫ˿ǴӰץһ޹ǵڵĺ
һ㶣Էͦᣬֻٺô˶ѡ
ʱСΪ˨ӣҲ˳һʱ۾һǼƷŮ˴ûô崿ˣе˻ͣǰôһСɰ崿Ů֮١
뵽ҲǶС꣬Цѡ񶼲ѡǺãСøҵţҲͲ׷ˡ
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С˨ӵã⻰ô̵סֻû֣һ˱ǰһһȭڱϡ
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ݣҴң֪֪۵ı׼˭ģǽ綨ģ˽ԵۣΥ˼㻹Ҷ֣֪ͨ磬һС˵޵ģ类һȭ򷭣֪ԷǶߣʵףҲǳӲҲӲȻ࣬δǶߵĶ֡
Ե¾µһȥ״ȥˡ
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Ÿ磬ˣŸҵĹϵܺãǽµĶŸ֣ҿô翴ˣüЦӭȥݺݵ˹˨һۡ
Ÿ硭Ļϲıǰֻü˵һ仰ͱڵŸһƸڵϣȻһȭߡ


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˿ڵϣͷɽŸȭһ󣬱ǶµǼ򣬴Ҹ𣡡
˵꣬ڵϹǺı磬ֵܵſڣΧЩǰµϰǶƤǰɣ֪ǽͿĵꣿÿʮԪȻ˽ĹͣԺҲƬˡ
ЩͱһµŴˣŸĻǷֱȡʮԪȻæ뿪ǶӲȻʮԪóҲǷǳۣܱȺͱһһҪá
˵Щˣǹ˨ӺСҲĿɿڴǻܽţһԷȻԼͷġ
ʵǹУرࡣ
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ŸʮֹĶԹ˨˵һ䣬ȻʮּɵĿֵһۣȻתߡ
Ѿ˰У˿ҲǱߣһ־ֻƬ̾ճǵ˻Χ۴͵ĿͣĿɿڴʣһҵдɽģ򲻿ó½µ˹
˸ĳٶŵԪȻô£ȷǣ϶Ǻйصġ
ʱҲƿ˳⼸ʲô¶ܣоԪͿ󡣸ոǰ淢£Ҳˣģµȴ½˸ʰˡ
⵹Щ⣬Ҳ֪ôˡ
½˺ܴͱԼסˣȥҶҲֻҪ̽һ£ҶҵķӦȥˣҶǱûһ㶯϶ó½ϰ£ǲǺ͵ԼַӦҲ
ҶԣʱԼԹʿȥģԷ֪͹ʿĹϵҲΪʲôûж
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췢С£Ȼǲᱻϣ⼸о沼һۼԪĿ󣬿ԪŨȻСʺ⣬ôԪ˵Լӿľѡ
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ЧҲ˿ԭȻֻͣ˵СûµʱʹĿǰٶȣ죬С϶Ծѡ
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ʱͻȻоһɹɰԪ̧ͷһȻгĹ㣬ܿ죬Щꡣ
꣬Ԫ˵׹ʵǿƬ
ʣҫһ˵ľԭԤ˵΢΢һЦ·ǴģƬ׹ĵص㼱ʻȥ


ʮ 𿨡ظ
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Ƭ׹䣬ζŻкܶϡпƬ˭ȥһ¾Ϳʼжˡ
жǽܵ۹壬Ƭ׹֮󣬽ܵ۹ƿصһͶ̷ɳһЩʿӵĻǸʿ֮ϻһӳʮ˵ÿһܵ۹˶ŷĽͼ̵ĶܣװѾΪ˽ܵ۹ı־
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ҶңҲɳǰῨƬ˵Щ½С˿Ҳһ
ϴ󣬱гģĿƬ׹䣬ҪҪԵ˼죬Ȼã˿Ѿϣ֪ĿƬУκοƬһҪֿ֫濨Ƭָܻʵ
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磬һᰡҪҪȥ˨ӿǴƬͬһĿƬ׹䣬ҲЩ
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ƬһȻ׹䣬һƬʮ⣬ҳһӡ
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ջ˵ˣҲֻһļ￨ƬڱǺöֻһ㡣
ʱǰ׳һɢŰɫĿƬԪǿܸоİԪ
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׼뿪Ǹ˱ɨһۣվס𣿡


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ҸоãȴֱüҲЦֹһ仰ҪԼΪԷ񣬻ҪԼ֮ǰռĿƬΪ˭
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ҲˣһͨԪļ֣Ҳ׶༪٣ֱܿӱһļȭɱ
ȻԼķҲЩ죺㻹Ҷ㣿Ķ
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ѧͽȥռƬ˵һĿƬֻۣϵĲŻ⡣
ʱ򣬱һƬ˿ͻȻѷ죬صһըƬ
Ǳ飬ЩشҲһ飬һӰг֣˵𣿡
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˵һǸԳѧͽļһȷϻһҲ˵Ͼͨߡ
ܵһ˲䣬̲һպÿԽԼڵķҪ֪ĿǰܲõѾǶ󣬸ǽĴڣԷ˫ϻȻ׺Ҳûлķ
ȻˣҲܵ˲СĲԷɱҲǳŭոնԷҲһֲڶУʣԷʥǵˣˣҲŹԷ
ͬ˲ҲˣұطˣԷҪɱԼԼΪʲôɱԷ
Ȼûѧͽһ֪ոյ˫ɱɱͨԪļˣʥǵеѧͽδܵסԼĹǰȴǵסˣǺ
ⲻܣҡҡͷ¶֮ɫҪ֪ʥҲǾңȻ츳õģѧͽȦ˶ǼΪģѧͽ֪ԼȻζûнһͨɱôͶ棬̧ͷ
һҲǼѧͽίһЩƬȥѧͽרоûʱ䣬ͳ˴
˿̣Ѿ˱ɱ֮ģȻո˵ĻһֲķԼǲȻŭ
ָ̧֣ſγһŹֵͼÿһ϶һ
ʣԷִͷˣ֪ôöԷɹͷţ˦˼ѼӳԪķɵŶ֡
ͬʱʩչ׷缱ٳѾȡ˺ھ󽣣ʩչɱ˹ȥ
ѧͽȻǱɵţûͷţһĹ͵ˡ
ӭѧͽЦһһСƣ
һͳһŷ·Բһˮƣصһײ棬ŷһǿҵĻǣǣԼȻ޷̴
һѧͽһұ϶ʱðһѤâȻγһ⽣ӰӶֱۣն˹
ͿһĻ̲ܣһһҫ۽նովĵطѾǱԷնһʮ׵ĽۡҲһҿԼٶȹ죬һоûá
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ӽϴĸоһҲֻն˶ԷϵƤף˵һЩƤѣ˵ԷϵĻ׺ǿͨףͱնˡ
ѧͽҽһƤѾ飬ƤҲնһһĿӣѪעСˣȴǾúء
Ҳѹ֣ԷǵԪĳ۹Ĺ壬˳˳ˮҲûܹΪѧͽǿɱˣһ˵ͬĵ˸סĺܿͻᱻɱ߼ĵˣ֪ѧͽΪηԪʥãҲǲһαնƻ˵ģͷһΡ
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ԪļʯˣǼǸҪǿϵʯӺؼ
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óǸѧͽǴʯӣԷʹߣҪġ


ʮ ɱ
Էȷǳֲһʦոյ˫ɱѾԽɵˡ˵ӶԷոյĻҲ֪ԷʥǣԪʥйϵŶԷ뿪ǻĺ
Ѿ⽫Էɵˡ
Ԫļʯ˺ǿٱȹһ㶼ҪڶʱڶԸҲܣҲūͣһ̣ٻֱӭļʯˣͬʱԼὣ׷ѧͽԷϲƵһ߲ǿöԷУ½ҲǿޱȣղһɲǶԷѾ֮⡣ҲֶΣʩչ׷磬˲佫Է׷ϣȻӶĺھ󽣾նȥ
ѧͽȻû뵽ԼӵСߡֿ˿ٷкͼӿٶȵ󣬾ȻᱻԷ׷ϡ
ȷǴԶʩչһǿԷֻû뵽ԷȻҲпԿļʯ˱ȼҿ˲׷Լ
ʲôʱԪ˱̬Ĵڣ
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ԷȻװڹ꣬ôԼһͰڹ棬ͲŶԷֶΡ
ǸӵмΪǿˮڼӺʧѧͽҪ׼ߣֻһΣݺݵײΧϣǱͷųĹ˸ֲ
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ֶԾɷԷָ·һȻתնһ罣
ոѧͽͷųļΪֱֲϵĻֻǱһ㣬ͷ·𶹸һ㱻壬϶Ҳͬպһ㣬ױ
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̺ס֣֪˭ʥǵѧͽɱңʥǶȻļɱ⡭
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ĺھû˿ͣ˼һ̣ѧͽֲŵУھֱƿϵĻףնɱĲ֣֮ǰͬһλãȻ֪Էһ׻طδһɱԷԷֶιܣҲðգһǴֱѧͽ
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ǰһץҪԷץ߻ҪӣȻӿٶȣһ¾ͽԷץ
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ܿ죬߷ֿȻлһſƬ
Ƭһ˷ܲѣһšпһ֣ߡͷź󣬿һֱңʱԽкͼƶȻôҪһԪģǺʣп൱ʵãȹҪõö࣬ٶȡԻϣҪ߳һ
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ʱ䣬ѰҸߵȼĿƬɡ
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ȻļǺöһſƬԽսһһΡ֮⣬㵽һļװ֮ǳһѹֻϧڹûʲôȤǿϼϼĹտ൱
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ʱͷһѾԿѾϵˣʱ䣬Ѿȥ߰˷ӣշٶȣܸϵҲ
̼ǰɱȥ֪ڵһĹ࣬ʱƣ˻ԽԽ࣬ԼҲץʱˡ
ʱԶͻȻһ޴ĻԪǿٸ˹ȥֻڰ·ϣͷ֣ǲһƬһѾһͷʮ׳ľͺɫ


ʮ һͷѪ
Уϵվ˵ĴڣҿԴǵԼۼ׵ɫжʵ
ϵҲǿߣ˿̺Χȫǻ棬׹䣬Χ࿨Ƭ
ܺãźԶͿͷģͷǣؿһV͵ĻƣǸλۼƺ͸һ㣬͸ƬƤĻɫ
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˵ʮ̰֣ͣ϶ΪʲôҺǱ׼Ԫ弶Ǻϵǿӹɡ
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ǸĿõһĻľߵʱֻһߣŵöڲݴﲻ֨޼ս˿ڴɢѪΣһκѪʮִɵ䵽ߵϣǱϴһѪԡ֮ͷջ˯죬Ȼʵǡ巢˾޴ı仯򵥵˵ǿȱͬľǿǵѶʲô˺ף⿿ƤӲȣԵֵӵƣܼĵֵԪطĹˣѪϴ֮һͷͽ־ͽ˺롣
ʱ´ĺףܶ˶Ľѣ⵼µʱϵѪҺˣֻº֤һѪ˵ϴ裬ֱӺȥûã˶ж˲٣ȻҪͨѪӹǿȣԲһ׵顣
Ǹʱֻ֪кѪŻЧһֱǵãû뵽쾹Ȼһͷ
ӶԷǾ޴ĺǺǰV͵Ļ·Ѿ԰ٷ֮ȷԷǺݡ
һᣬȻԱԪǿûл׵ĻǷǳģǿǿȣǿûлҲֵ󲿷ֹںеƽߡҪԪ弶ĺѪԼϴ裬ѶȾԲһĴ
ҪȵԪؾ׷ɱԼǸҪ
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ǺǸһĿƬֵģԺִԵ˽⣬һֵĵط϶ĿƬ֣ӹɵġ
滹һ׵ľʱǺȻſ򣬼׹ٶȣʼ裬ʮ׳ֱһȻ
һ̣ΧЩƬص׹ڵϣҳһӡ
ȥ滹һЩεĹһǷֵĺУſȻһɳȵĻ档
Ϣ
䣡
ֱһ͵˲ϯ棬γһƬ𺣣ЩεĹȫһɱո׹һſƬҲһɿֲƻΧԪֱ֣ʵ廯
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ôһʱʵǲ˼飬ʱǲĿҲܹǰ׹Сʱ󣬶ðķӵĳܣǰһ飬Ȼг˴Сðķˣᷢʲô
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۵ͬʱҲǷ֣ʹģܾܿʱԪĸӦոǸʱһԪĿƬһ
Ҳ˵һź͸ոһʱƬ
˲ðһƻȻƻȥΪðգɹôԼһβŽ׬ˣԼԺĵ·Ϊһѡ񣬶޴ĸı䡣
ҪҪһΣյĶĲ뵽ƻͬʱ˾ˡ
޺ƲΣٴҲðһԡ
ԼٶȳһʱƬڵĵطͬʱһʱĺ˳ȻǷǳˬԸоϵԪԽŨңϵĺۼ׶ӺأÿһƬͺޱȣ·һ㡣
ͣϧķѴԪʩչ׷磬嵽֮ǸʱƬڵĵط
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俨ֱӽԼͿƬ
俨ʱƬ˲䣬ǱߵĺҲǺ飬ΪԪ弶ӦһƬԪҲ׻ˡ
һŭĺ˹
Ϊһ俨󣬽ԼͬʱողõΧ͹ֻ˷ڹΧûм
һӾײڷϣصһ󼸺Ǽ˲һӾֱ飬֪˹ĹҲ˵ףٻһЩͨսʿȣԼûжΪڻǶʱ
뵽俨ʱͬʱҲ˼սʿΪЩսʿҪʱ
һſЩսʿһϢ
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磬ЩսʿȻں湥£˲ͱ顣ͬһʱ̣ȻӲ֮ղѾߡһſƬӳֵԼϣΪļƻҪ㹻ԺͷС
׷ߴٶȣһӾ͵˺Դ棬ȡھ󽣣ʩչݺݳźĺӴȥ
Ľˮƽ׼ȷĻͬһλãȫһǺиûвǱһסֻǺ̫ӲȻֻǽ׻飬ԶﲻѪЧ
Ǻ̷ʱҲëˣȻ뵽ĴӲƺ˺ھ󽣣Ǵ߶֣ƴȫ˸ոջ׵Ĳλ
һ£û뵽ֱӴУһɹ̵Ѫ罦һͷһ


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û뵽ǣѪȻֱ̣ȿˮҪһ½˸ǺʹѪϴļƻȻǴˡ
ʱ򣬺ҲǲҽһȻͷϢмƻۣ׷ߵٶȷȥһѽʱƬץȻѸٷ˳ȥͬʱ˸ոõΧ͹
Χ͹һ𼤻Խ֣Ƕ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ȴûߣ߲ΧԣٱֱϿշȥʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ٷɸ߽ˣ̲һ俨ߵڿжء
Ҳƻһκεطаȫ뵽ͷ
ոն俨󣬺Ҳ
˿̺˵۽ˣеʱ߲˵ĲϸǱ˴ˣѪֹȻƶ˵ʲôһվﶥ˵ĺܹ˺
Ƕصļ̤ѾζҪʱǸ˺ɱ
һǵܿȥһ˫۾ǿӵĳԪ֪̽һĿɨǺҹ׷Χκη紵ݶס
ֻٿһܣΧûκ쳣úǷŭżʱ˵дãһȻ𵽴ʮҵĸ֣ʼ»档
϶ǸϲԶ϶Χ׷Χɻ𺣣ԷԻᱻƵȻһֻҰޣǺҲ͡
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һЩԲ˵ɽ֣Ҳȫŭĺƻ˵һˣһֻ涼ӹ޲Ĺ
յϢ˿̲֪ԼѡжôǣǲڿУǶΧһطǲ俨ҲܵĹʱǻᱩ¶±¶Լֶٶ࣬Ҳֻ·һ
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˲֪ʱļֵѧͽ֪ܲǹϵǶоǷܵõǧʯͬĹؼΪʱǵͬ鵹пðǺ


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ߣȥѧͽУһȥʮصĴ˿̳˵ѧͽǿٷ˹ȥ
֪ܴʱֶѧͽһһ
ʿȻǲ£ѧͽԶŨܵ۹ʿʮ
ѧͽ֮ע⵽ŰĺһѧͽźϼͬɫۼԼԷǼ˳ֵһĨɫ⣬ʧȻʱϢ̳ܿٹصʱȻֱ仯ҿǸո̳꣬ǵĲ²Ӧûˣ϶Ǽʱðպᣬзɱ̳֮ʱ˽
ѧͽҲǵ˵ͷȻ˿̺֪Ϊʲôԭ뱩ŭɢԪǱ¶ո̳ԹʱʵǿܶǵͬвģҲֻԪ弶ĺˡ
ǣǳױڹ
ͬСɣ֣ҲǺѽɱ֪ͨѧͽһǰɱͷ˭ɱʥǵˣѧͽ˵ͬʱΪ̫ѾǱ֡
˿̺ͷϣ͵ʱ˺ǸϲӰ˿ͻȻðһǽŭת˹ȥĶ˫ѧͽ˹
һѧͽֻǲִӦսȻû뵽ͷȻ
ѧͽһƼ󣬲ϾԪ弶ĴڣǵҪɵѧͽѣͬʱһʱҲֻ˫
ߴǾ춯أڿ俨ûʱ俴һϷӸղſʼŬѪľʹ
ҵʹѾʮӣÿһÿһ붼ͬǧһ㣬Ҳˣ־ټᶨҲιȥˡ
ʱҲֻӲͦһľ飬ѪҺ֮õǿֻû뵽ǿʹࡣ
ˣҲûķӡ
ʱһһĹȥͷϵ亹ָɣеʱʹĴһҲҿ俨󣬿ԸһԪôͱ˷ˡ
֪˿̵Ƥͨ죬˵ṇ̀ˮϵıڣ·һĴϺһ㡣
ˣƤ͹ڲϵͣÿһ𶯺ᷢһؾ죬ÿһ𶯺ƤῪѣѪܿͻָܶʼ棬ǿƤѾԾס𶯺ԽԽ͡
ʹҲڲ֪мҧȻӲͦһʱ䣬˵ʵԼú⣬ΪԼֱʹȥò˵ǺѪҺʵ̫ˣǲһѪҺ̺ľȻȫǴĻԪ֮ڵĻԪԽĴ⣬ռｫԪתΪԪﵽԪ㣬һΣȻײĽԪٴһΣﵽ˻Ԫ㡣
һ֮ϲʹļĸܵԼϷı仯˵ǾǱǿˣǴǿ
ƤǿȱǰǿֹսȭͷҲһźĳ嶯
ʣһĴžԲ٣ȷͨѪҺǿ壬Ϊ˵ǹġֽǡǹ̾ûô򵥣Ȼ޷֤֪һǸѪе˶϶˱ԼҪҵĹ̡
ֻϧֻעڹȫˡ
˿Ѿ𽥸ܲϵʹ෴һ־ʹ֮ˬһ֣ԼƤȥ仯󣬵Ȼ仯ʵء
ȡһʵ廯һ䵶ȻԼϸһ£ĵֻƤһԿĺۼƤûйơ
ȻǰǸ޷ġ
˵ѪҺ壬ڸԪصĵֿҲ֪ܶ࣬ǲģԣȻⲻʱ򣬴˿Ѿ俨֮⣬ں˼ս
ϸһ֪ЩͺսʥǵѧͽȻ߰˸߰˸ѧͽһΪֲսˡ
ˣôһĹ򣬺ȻѧͽˣҲΪԾ֮ǰȫֵѪϴ񣬲ûйעȻǲ֪龭
ô˵һ𣬶˵Ǻģ˿̣ǾѾһξ룬ϰӰϢĴ俨ߣΪϻ߼ӳ֣ùҲڿпٷС
һֱɵʮ⣬µ棬鷳ġߡȻֻһ·ͷŷ
ʱŵʮ⣬һͷҹϢĶڰͻȻ͵Ծ
һͷӵҹɫεԾûз֡
ſѪڣһӾҧֱϡ
ֻ£ȴǺĲͬ˺󲿷ݣȻҧƤ
ҹ˺ҧӦһȭϡ
صһ¡
ǿھѪǿ֮󣬸ǿһȭǿһ¾ʹһͷҹͷתͷʹѣһɿ˿ڡ
һĻҲһ㶣ոյȷûзԷһȭȥҲʶΪû뵽ôЧȻҲ뵽ΪԼովܹѪϴԷ˺ܶ࣬뵽ҪԼⲫǲֻһ˫ȭͷȥݴͷҹ
ҹһӴɱ߱˱ߣٶֿ죬ȭͷֺݣֻǼ¾ͽҹͷѣֱӱ
һͷȻǱȭͷˣȥ֪ˡ
˿ҹʬ壬ԼڵҲһʶһЩؼʱ̣˵Խһط
׬ˣ
˵һǴգǵõѪǿ壬ǶһʱȡһȻǺ֮ǰ̳ԵǸһһһ˶ߵʱ
ǰֱǲģΪָ׸ǴСʱ˲ڣȻôһ顣
ǰķҪԣҲ㹻Ըһˡ
ֱΪʱбôҲʱķ̳ԡ
ôõߣǸɱѧͽĿ䡣
ˣȡ鿴֮ǰԷȡߵһŰɫƬ뿴ʲô


ʮ ֮翨
ѧͽĿʽ⣬ɫĽ价һöɫıʯҲעʱڲ⿨䣬һóȥͻ̱ϳ
֮⣬оһöϱӳĳԪƣΪ˰ȫڼ䣬ǰ俨Χ󣬾⿨ʲôĻƣϣ򿪿ʱðһԪâͻȻҪɳȥ
һײΧԪϣһæʱķԪһķų̻һ⣬ץסΧﵽҴܵһԪȻһ̽˶
˿
ķ̳һԪͷ촽ȴļͷ˽
֪ķͼֻ֪ʱã϶ǲܽõʱķʳ֮ǰҶõһʱȡѿһ鶪ķ
ķ̳û˰ķĴţרĲ鿴ѧͽĶ
ò˵֮ǰǸޱȵѧͽĶ治٣Ԫнš
ſԪҲƲסϵЦݣſƬһʲСĲƸҪ֪ԪһпƬԴҪȻҲ¾ǳΪͨңҲ֪ܿ죬ʨԪҲȡؽΪΨһͨңһôԪˣȻ˸ˡ
֮⣬⿨ҲвĿƬǲ࣬ԭûԪļʯ˿ƬҲûУǶԷҲֻһţ֮ǰѾùˡ
ƬۣܿҵһŰɫĿƬ
һ̣һƬͳƵС
翨֮񣬰ɫϡƷʣһԽ翨ƬǧԪ֮Ӱڣһ
һſƬϵĽܣ֣Ƭϵͼһ˫ſĹӰ񣬶ڹâ֮£ïܵĹ֮⿨ƬĽϿǿô˵ֻﻹһЩССʧΪһſʵսĿƬû뵽ֻһĽ翨
ܿ죬ͷ֣ԼĹ۵ס
һſƬ෴൱ʵáֽ׶ΣκۼضҪرء
һǿԱһʳ
һںܶۼض߲ܽʵõĽ취ʳϴ⣬ԽľۼأԽͻ¾ӵģľ;ۼʳҲ֮أܶ˶Բһֻһ٣ÿ춼Ϊ
ʵԽ࣬ʳԽأ뵽ԼԺҪչ׳㹻ʳԴǱزٵģʵϣɱֹõʳ޷㼴һۼصĹջҪֲֹʳ߲ˣ֮
ʨǣ¾ǵΧͿ˴ũֲС׺ͺȣ󲿷˻ҪЩ棬˵һŽ翨֮ļֵ൱ˡ
뵽ھͽһŷ֮翨õ¾һ۳һܽʳ񿨡
Ȼһʱ뵽ĿƬ;ҲһϣʵϣһſƬôܹ㣬ֻʳкܶ
ѾʶһſƬҪԣѾˣȵԼصǣͽһŷ֮ƬΧһ𽫻Ʋɵġ
պÿƬ˿ķһ̳һСʱȻûвµϢҲһЩ仯Ȼʱֶڰķ˵ҲÿһγԶо޴ԽȥЧԽС
Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ķջؿ䡣
ѾڿƬ׹Χ򣬶ҸҲڴ˿̣Զոտȥڣ¾󲿷Ѿϵʼ໮׹˿ƬȻˣҲ׹Ĵ󲿷ֶһͶƬҲϣһջѾΪˡ
ܿЩǰѰˣ¾Ƿȥ֮ǰⶪ·ϣڸҲˣֻòУܿͷ֣ԼٶȻȥҪѾˣԪļߣҪһٶ๫ҲǿЦġ
ʱһӵ۾Ŀ·ߣû⣬ֻܿͷһŵľȻǳ½
ǳ½Ķ飿
ͣ£ԼгˣȻǰһڳ½ĳǰ
˿̳½ڳָԼĶ飬һδģĿƬ٣۶˭˵һᣬ½һεĿǾܶῨƬ￨װǼҪľߣκޣһƬʱҲͷѪҪ֪һʮˣӵпͿƬģǻɣ󲿷ֶǵģеΪƺһˣѣὫԼ츳Ȼ½ԽĿƬͻԽǿĿǲϹΪĵ»ʵۡ
緢ʱ򣬳Ȼһɲó½һصǰ棬סκ½ƿڴ
ôģˤһʹˣͷײǰαϣȻֱӿ
˾ȴһ࣬ͷ硭ҹģǰͻȻڳǰ棬ɲײˣ
ģ´ײҲͣ½˵һȻ̧ͷǰһҪǰ˭ɫһ¾ͱˡ
Թԣô½һ˲ֻоӷ䣬ȻϳҪ˵½ҲǴмҲ֪ЩǣЩ˲ǣǰ˾ڲǵķ롣˵һԼȥҶȥ״º½ԽԽԼЩˡһҶȥʱ˵Լܣ˹ƹԼԷܻ᲻Ҷңٷ֮ǸҶԸԼģ½ʱǸڣҲԼʱ˿ЩȣͷˣǿҪģҺã֮Էû£½Ϊ¾ôȥˣû뵽˼ҾȻ׷
һŵԵʻŵ磬ǳ½ұۣ˿缱æ磬ҿ鷳ģ鷳Ҳҹ¡
½һҲæ³һЦݡ
磬Եˣ½³֮ǵͷû֮ǰڵеķ緶ȷˣԷʮ֮סԼ˵κʱҪԼСּĸ֣ǲҵġ


ʮ Ǹֶ
ŵĳ½Ȼ֪ԷɵʲôԼ鷳ûԸʵûбҪһ¶ԷĿĺȷǾҪһ
˿̵Ϊ׹俨ƬˣǲܶùȻǸ룬һѧͽǲСԣȥȫķ
һֱ˵ʡȥһеĿ״ʣʵͳ½֮䣬治Ҫ˵ЩϴζԷȥҶܣѾüƽˣԳ½Ĵ֪ô
ȻҪ󣬳½˵ֱŤͷָһһ·ĵ磬ô
ԣҪ󲻸ߣһˣҲǴسǣҪ鷳ͷɻȥˡ
½⣬˽ҲȫԿ׽
磬߰ɣ½ԷֻҪһʵټ򵥲ˣȻ¾ҲһݳƷǶ˵ʵڲʲôһǲ˴ߣǿ൱㡣
ӹԿףҲû˵ģֱϳߣó½ĶûһΣԼ鷳Ѿ൱ˣҲ½ʶȤһˣͽԷˡ
߳ӣ½˿ֱͦˣµʲôٶԪĸ֣Ժӷ㣬ǵǣǵٸǣǻ鷳Լţ
˵꣬ŴɱƬ׹ء
˿ڿʵ·¾Ƿʻò˵ҪȹǵҪǿ̫ˣǾװģԶӹɣȻǽŪˣŪȥôһƷ಻ĳҲ׬ˡ
·ɿƬ׹أʻʮͻȻԶһ˶ڵϣһԻһͺܴĶȥȻһͷɫۼ׵ɫ
һͷɫͲ̫峤ֻʮңϵСͷˣͷСҲǷٶԪһ˸ӵɴ˿ɼǸӦ¾Ǹ
˿̣ͷɫڵһֻż¸ڷĲϣϣ˿ڣǱĳּΪļ˵ģѪѾһأǸ˲ϵ˺ϵ·ϵ˿ڣֻȴǱˮн
˿ȥʮᣬʮ꣬˿ҧһԣЩ׾ֶֻǾܿóֻùѡϵļ˿ڶˣҪȻѾǲˡ
Ծ˶ԷǸ˻ͷһۣȻصѪƺôܾȻͷƵġ
ʱĳǾȻѾ֮ʣǿҪվҪΪ˾䡣
һ¸Ӵ̼ͷͣ³Ϩԭز
£ղôһϵ˿ڸӿѪ۵ɫˣæַ˶ͷСˣˣңҪִһſƬҲˣģһ㣬Ҳ;Բ
˵Ҳ֣ƺ˵ĻǷͷϵĦǸˡ
ڳｫζԻڶȴЦЦ
óԷԱĸָֻжԷܶãֻһһһս飬սѣѡ
ǰҲ˶ԼūͶ˸飬ūʱǻᱯֻ󲿷ѱʱԼū̫飬˾ˣٻ
󲿷˶Ϊ⣬Ըͬܡ
ΪһҲйƵľǸʱʮСܳʱ䶼ֻܺʨǵƶūͶ˵һݳޣ󲿷ʱ䶼Ұս
һ㣬ǺǰĹ˨ƣҲûūͣΪ棬ҪðΣǰѾݵľʰġ
ʱƣСľҲһЩȻʱҲ˸Եū͡
ڵײľ˵ū͵ĸ׽ļǵãԼĵһūһͷͷȮһȮеı֣ͷͷȮʨ£һȥԣҴ󲿷ʱ䣬ûнǸʱ˵ͷȮһɻȱĻ顢սѺѡ
һʱǿһο˵ǼΪգǰͷȮƴֵˣҲΣˣҲΪ˰ͷȮǸʱԼʧȥĲһ֪ʶһūͣһսµսѺͻ顣
Ϊ£ͳ˺ܾãЩܣԶڴ˿̱űɫ˵˺ͬ飬Ҳܸͬܡ
ˣѾûƵĿˣӱᴩһЩҪҲˣʹ˿ѪľҺ̺ǿԪĹȪҲ췦⻹ΪϵΪǿԵʣˡ
Ǹ˴˿̾ô·һȥһ㣬ȻҲ֪ɣ˵ѾǻҪȥʱѡ񰲾뿪
ƿȥ룬ȡһ˿˹ȥ
ܶԼū˹ģѾǶ֮ģ»ڰͷȮĻ䣬ԲŻ˵Щ¡
˿ݹĿƬҲ۾һȻҲǼʶϳǼΪѵõ˿Ƭ
˵ܵ˼һϣҪԣ˵ľͬһ㡣
лˣ˶мһЦȻԥ˿ʹãһɫâڣҪĴˡ
Ҫ˵Чеģ˿ڻָѪҲˣҡҡͷţܻˡϾһϵ಻ͬ˿ҲδôЧ
ҲֻһˣϾٸѪľҺ͹ȪˮҲ϶ûôһȷңȻͬˣὫѪľҺԼĹȪˮóⶫ˵֮ĲޣһҪСĵġ
ʱһͷһΧžӥ޵˿£ÿﶼһ׵ĳǹʮּ񣬿ȥĳӲȾԲס
˿ֿ˿ϵ˿ڣ׸˺ģ
ӥʿ֮ǳǸ˺㾹Ȼûӻسãǰʱ㴦ԣղƬΪķһβӻ¾ǣȴû뵽㻹ģżȻûˣҲʹˮɱģֻҪ㽫żҵʸøҾͷ뿪


ʮ Եʸһ
Գǡҡ漫ΪţҲȷŵʸȫԪ˵ϵĻסһϵȻȥʣƷʷǷ
ǳķҲͳһӥޣ֪ͬͲѱͷӥ޵ģԲͨˣ½ּ붼Ҫ롣
ȻνҶȻ¾С
ԭ֪Ǹɫ˵֣ԷԴū͵̬ȣкøУҵˣôôЩ˳ۡ
ûˣɱ˿Ȼƿƣ޷赲ľˣҵӥʿҪĶ
ҪˣСѾˣϢɣûܱ㣬һ̣һ㰲뿪ᣬĲ
ò˵ЩеǰȻܱ˵򶨣񾭴ôȻ̡
ȻȴϵһУһ仰û˵ҵӥʿҲƳһ²͸Էһλѣѣ
˵ʱһƴ̬ƺʱܷĽʣҵľ߶Ǹ֣ϧֻһ㣬ԼҪԸʲô
ҡͷǣ
˵ʵͶȷǲʶ̸ʲôˡ
̵Ȼˣ뿪Ұ£ɵòҪϣ֪ôġ
ûˣȻװæ뿪ԭܼ򵥣ҵ˸ո˵Ҫöżó
⻰֪ʲô˼ͬ̾뵽һºʥǵĲԡ
ǿܵĲʸ񣬻᲻йأ
ʥǵĲԣ˽ʵϻǷǳ޵ģΪȵһºԼȥμǲԾͿԣɸղʸĸֵʱ֪Լǽˡ
Ҳ˵ǿ˵ĲʸǲǾʥǵĲԣվпϵģȻˣɲߣҪúð
Լ˵ĻҵľҪŭʱ򣬱Ѿ֮Ķ˿ȴͻȻ̧ͷλֵܣղǷһ飬Ȼ֪ô˵Щ֣һһ¡
˵ӡܺãһƴԼū͵ˣԲǻˡ
ǣסˣСʱллˣЦ˵¾Ҳһˣʮֵоһţλ۹ȻܶȻʶǶԷոó˿Բͨӵеģд󣬻ˣҲԲܵסҵľߡ
ü鷳ʵ֪ʸ飬Ե˵ͷã㵽ʱôӦһ
û⣡ʲôֱӴӦ⵹Щ⡣
ô⽻Ǵˡ
Ҿߴ˿Ѿը˷Σ¾Ҳһ֣ҵˣӹǶͷʹ˸ɫǷͻϮ
ȻûнСֳֻһȥԸ˶
ǿ˿Ƕֵĺûᡣ
ߣٶȼ죬Ƕĳǹֻһ£ǾС
ֻһ˹ҡҡͷȡֱӲԷĳìͬʱһץסԷĲӣȻֱۣȻѶ˹ȥ
ڱѪ֮ǰԪļʵֱϵҲԲСѪǿ壬ͱǰ˼Ǹҵľ߻ûӦ͸оԼ·ڵһ˦˳ȥȻصײԼͬϣ˶ǲҽһˤ׿⣬
ڳֿȭҰ޶ܴ˵ҪҰ޲ܶˡ
ЩźͱһĻҲ΢΢ݣҵľ߸Ⱥӵĵһŭͼɵ
ҲɵӣֺˣԲͨˣһʱ䣬ҲЩԲ׼ҲжֻǿټһͨѶȥȥˡ
˲Ҳֵ徲Ҳվﶢˣֻ˵æǣסˣԼѾˡ
˼ӣԶַɹӥʿҵԮ֮⣬м˹һȺˣҵľվһ
ɨ˶ԷһۣҲ⣬ЩҲֻ߰˸ߣĻֻǶߣȻ٣Լв
ʱͻȻоԪһʧͷһѾǽڵϣȻֽ俨Ȼһ䣬վ
ղ׷ɱңС˵Ҷǲݣ˿¶һŨŨɱΪżһΨһĶ磬ͱСѾǱЩҪһΣķŭˣΪĿǱɻ
ܸоȷˢӣΧԼĸһĸ֣ҲԪͬʱôˣʵʤ㡣
Ҳ˵Լæ˳ɻпЩʱͻȻоһɰԪϮԶȻǿٷɹһˡ
ʮͣһӲƤףȻһԳٶȺܿ죬ͷʱſ壬ԷϾȻſһŹֵķСܴ˱ϸΪ˳ųһ
үͷ֮ԪţܸоԷԪļĸ֣һӾͽԷҵڶѹȥ
Ĳˣ㲻ҪȰңҵұҪɱŹˣСҲҪҵĵߣĲǶˣ˿̺ɫᶨ˵
Ĳһ˵ʲôĻҲס˵ֻ̾˿ͻȻһָȡ˼ſƬ
΢΢һ㶣ԷʹõҲǿ䣬ĲԲ򵥣Ԫļһ˫۾Ȼͬǳһڹ
һ̣ĲƬǳһﵽԪļūͣһɢϢľͽʬӣӦǾϵγɵġ⼸ſƬǻһԪһӳʼӥʿ˹ȥ


ʮ Եʸ񣨶
Ԫļū͵ĳ־Ϊ֣һֱӽĿɿڴӥʿץ˹ȥʱ˲ŷӦæҪǸȥ
ĲǶżҵĹܼң֪Ҫǵֻɱһ΢ūͣһͷѣɱҵˣǿɾ޷ˣеϵҪ棬ļ壬һҵ˲Ҷ֣ȴǳв
ү˼ҵ˼Ĳˮش൱򵥣һ̣Ѿȡһѷ·ˮһĳȻһնԪŲܶҾնɱǸɾ䡣
ͷأҲĿɿڴȻһԲߣǵӣˡ
ǴͷβҲǲЩһӣҵɱʱҪɱûκι˼ɡ
ĲʱҲ̧ͷһۣ¶һ˿ɫ
Ĳ㲻°ɣ֪Ҿǹģ뷽跨ɱСΪ˼ŭңЩ̣Щ²̣ҺǶżҵĳһˣҲںһ¡ɱ֮ȴ侲࣬Ͷ֮䵹һֳоȻҲͨˡ
ĲһҲǵ˵ͷʭӶҲͲˣүöԣɱɱҵǹôߣЩˡ
˵꣬Ĳ˿Զүλǣ
ʱŷӦæղ齲˳λֵܣְҶǷһ飬ʲôҪԾܸ˵ΪҲң¾ܴ󣬽ҶңʱǾǴңӵܱ鲼ҪźͳУӦ˵ҪǱ
ǶѣͻȻǰȷ˵ǵʱԼһҵ˷ͻǰȫǸ鳤ʱԷ£ɾ˰ɱԼԼɱ鳤ıԷһ򾡡
Ѿ벻ˣʱңֻ
⵹ʹȻˣԼעҪԹģΰŶæǰˡ
ңҲǱЦЦȻͺҲԸҲʲô˵ңҶҲû
ǣλֵܣ뽻ѣ֪ʲôԸлֱ˵͵ģΪ̹ĨǣôʣǴύ
Ҳûаףҽ
ãֵܣǶóܵ־ͽһԪߵӳȥ϶Ҳǲңǹ׶㰵ѷҪСǣ֮ǰæ˵ңҶȻ쵽Ц
˵ͷҪʵȻǹڡʸ񡯵飬ǶҲʵģûκڣֱʵ֮ǰʸ֪ǲǾһºʥǵĲԣ
ĶԼĲ⻰Ҳһ㶣ǰߵͷûʥǵĲԣ¾Ҳһܣһ˸ֵ֪ܣô֪ģһ֪Եӣ
ȻвҶԵ˵ֻǺǺһЦҲżȻһ֪ģǣҴμԣֻ֪вʸһ˵
ô˵ĲҲûϸ׷ϢԴǵͷûʥǵĲԷͬСɣֵܣҿ㻹һ֪⣬֪Ҿ˵˵ˡ
˵˿һԵ·ֵܣĳϳ˵˳¾ǣҵ˻ȥȻĲڣҲһĲµĸ֣һҲ鷳
һĲӦ࣬ȴԪļʵ⵹Щ죬һֱΪԼӦһﵽԪļģʵӡ
˵ûȷ˵ĵطֱϳĲҲɻȥˣһ˳ĺţȻ˵һ·϶Ͷڽ̸Ĳֻǰں棬Ŀ
ͨҲŪʥǲԵͬ²һʥǾԪʥõһ֧
ʥȫѧͽһʥǵĲԣʵԵԪ͵ԪӵǱʵˣһͨԣͿԳΪѧͽѧϰԪԪʥõ
ڵԪ嵱вʲôܣڵԪ磬ǵһΣȻǴͷβһصɴֻһЩֻ߾ĸ߲֪
ʣԪջ̫ˣζױǿʵ͵λȻֻѧͽԪʥõмʦȫǴѧͽﵮģ޷ΪʦܳΪѧͽҲ㹻κ˽ˡ
ʥ¾ǽʱ򣬾͸һЩĲҲҪѡʺϵ˲μӲԣҶżҷֵҵ˾ΪҪҽøǣ̫ˣôøңˣֵܣӣӦҲμӲԣҿһ㣬һͨԣǾѧͽˣûЩѧͽǷǳõֶҲԶģʱЦ˵˿͸ŨŨȷκ˶ĿǼΪǿҵġ
˵ѧͽǹŹֵЦЦ
ѧͽǼ֮ǰָɵһ˵ʵѧͽΪǿĶ֣ಫԼһһԵκѧͽ
ţеģͬʱûκȡʤϣǿҲǺģаķǧʯζԪʥÿ
ԭвʸһ˵лЩģҪôŪһû뵽ȻǴһԼ
˵ʵһˣԸǲϲǷծģֻծǷˣն˵ģʸֻҵľҲϮҪˣǰģһҪʱڸ㶨һǲܵġ
ҲûƴǣǵͷҵȷҪһǾллˣ
û˵ĸлĻѾˣһԷƢԸܶԼ·ӣҲðҪʲô鷳ѣ϶ǻæġ
̣Ĳں治һԣƺҲϰĲԸû˵ʲôϤĲԸҲνĲԪļʵҲʵЩ˼飬лᣬŪĲôּġ


ʮ ǹʿ
ӺܿͿ¾£ζҲǳҪһЩƬȻɱҵľйߣǳ׵˺ˣҪȥһЩ顣
ʱݸһͨѶסֵܣʱȥңڲƾ֤׼úϵ㣡
˵ͷһĲͨѶϵżҵˣܿ죬ȥΪĳ˹СرͨСӣֳֻܽ뵽Ļڡ
Ĳ˳Ȼϳ뿪ӳ⿴˿죬˿Ѿ賿ȻɻڣյľͷѾǷǰףȻֻһ˿һͻ
һջΪ񣬶һʶ˶õһ֮ϲԴȥϢֱӽֵꡣ
үǸôʶģһ֮ڣĲͻȻѯʶ֮ǰڵʱûһ䣬ֻͶˣȻûκι˼ɡ
̾һȻ󽫴˷ȥѰҿƬȻܵ˵ͻȻܵ˺Ǵߣֻ·ʵڼֲסʱ򣬲
֮£һһʮĽ˳֪ĲẦĲڶżѾʮ꣬ҳ϶ȾӹɡԼôһѣĲѰѹҲá
ԭˣ֮Ĳ˵ͷȻ˵˵ֵýύǶżҲջԻͣҲԽԽ٣үύҲһ¡
˵ҲǺǺһЦǰڣֻһֻ־ͽһҵץס·Ƥһ㶪˳ȥҽҵ߶ڵϣĲ֪ģҺٷˣǶֵܣȴʮ
Ĳ룬ȻүǲǵãǰǸˣ
ĸˣһ㶡
ϣһ֮ӲĴֵĹʿĲһ˫ͬǳһͫһ˿⡣
ʿ˵ʿôĲˣ̼˵Ŀùʿһ˶ԿĴ֣һȫˣĺܣʱĲ⣬ܲܽύ£
ȷˣǸǹʿĲ˵һʯ쾪ĻȻҲ᲻ţȻĲһʶϾʱαװģһ˸֪ʿ˭
ȻҲĿɿڴɣǹʿĲȷ
ʲôʱƭү㣿Ĳʵ
һ룬ҲȷˣСĲųģ˵ĲȻΪ˳˵ᣬȴûƭԼ
¶˿ϲô˵ǹʿ̫ˣ벻ҾȻ͹ʿѣֲһֻ־ͿԶԸߡ
ֹһֻ־ܶԸʱԸ⣬һָֻɵҲ£˵ʵҲˣҲҼеǿˣȻܻȲϺһʮǰӡѷ졯ˣҲĶȥˡĲ˵ƺ뵽ʲô£ɫӿһ˿Īļ
ᵽѷ졯ʮǰľϡǰĲ֪ԼԪļʵҲΪѷ¼ԵʣһΪص¼
һߵֻۣȻЩˣΪƺʵϣʵѾĲ֮ϡ
ֻĲ۽ٺãҲһ㣬ĵơ
ǹʿ£֪үύҲ뵱ͱ˵ԺܰǶżҵæֻʥǵһʸøǲЩϾǶżңҲֻĲ˿̵ĵ˵
ҵǾûϵһҵȷӦһҲسŵǾǱ壬һԼͨԵĿֻĳɣҾпͨԣͨԣһѧͽѣʵԲΣ˼Ǻ˵ĲһҲ˵е㲻̸⡣
صֵʱ򣬹˨ӺС궼û˯ϾϴģƬ׹һ£Ȼû룬ҲǼ˯ţ˵һûҲЩġ
СſڣʱԶһ·΢΢һ㶣磬ֳҲģûԪǰûǮһһ·ǾװģҪʮԪϣǰСһ֡
˵͸Լһ꣬ҲǸ𲽣Ҫ֡ݳƷ᲻õġ
·ͣſڣСЩɻ󣬲ܿӳ˺󣬲¶Цӭȥ
磬ˣ
ָ˹һЩƬһͶģһЩᣬЩ˳ʰȡģ˵ôǶԹǣһʾƸˡȻǣԼһεľֻǼ򵥵˵׹ΧһЩ
Ȼʣ֮ԴʶǵӾ͹ԽԽã˵ǰ붼룬ҲǴŸмģ˽ÿȫϽҲûƴǣԪ˵ԽԽãùһûгԶʳϰߣҰ뷨ԼҪ¾ҲһԼô˨ӺСǵһ£ȻҪ㹻ĺô
ʱĺܿ죬תǼȥ󲿷ʱڷҪôоʱҪôоڼͶ˼棬߸ʥǲԵϸڣӣͬʱҲһŹֵĿƬе
һſƬһʱͼطǼΪӵķģ˵ſƬǲμʥǲԵġʸ񿨡
ʸ񿨵֣֪ԼǷ˶һ飬ȻⶫԲŪǶȻøԼһš
лĻ˵Ҳ˵Ȼ˶ѣôлʱ
⼸ҵû鷳ʵҵҪԸÿ԰æ
ЦЦ¾ҲһЩıƣҵǲ£ҲУĲҲ̫𣬱Ͼﻹнܵ۹Щ壬ʥѧͽʵֻȹ񡣡
óԴ˻ʮֽģҲȷˣĵ̣ӾסԼλԶ塣
¶Ҳֻ˵˵˵ʵҲǵıӻ¾Χǿʤû壬¾ͱˡ
߶ͻȻ뵽ҶϺԴϴҶ˵ҶϺѾص¾ǣʹһȥô£¹ϵãԼÿǷԴ¡
Ѿ֪ҶҵĵϵҲԴ֮ȥ̽һҶϺʹ㵱ô¡
һĺã֮Ѿæ۲˵ĹСǴ˸к뿪꣬ȻϰӰǱ뵽


ʮ ҹҶ
УкǷȽϣԿԿ࣬һǸɾ¥ãһǻʩҲ磬ֲҲԺԵĴӾۼص򻮷ֳ
ͬ¾Ļ֣˵ÿһһԽڻĳȻԽȫԽãԽʺϾס
˵ÿ֮ľ޴󻤳ǽдػ߿ƬҪ͵͵Ǳ뻹ǲѴ֮һСʱѾ˳Ľ뵽
¾ס߼ĳ滷ãƣɾ࣬˿ֻҺӣܾסѾͨĸˣӵһȨ͵λſԡ
Ҷңɾ¾൱һ
¾齨Ҷ˵Ӱ¾ǵľҲҶ˵Ӱ¾Ҷҵĵλɺ
ΪҶλȨأռݵľסҲõģһƬɶʮɵıҶ˵ܲΧ޽ΧǽԽڶرأ۳룬Ҫϸ顣
Ȩ
ϧЩӣҲ֪Լ֪ͨҶҵ͵͵ҶϺֿԲ󣬶˵ԼҶϺҲѣûأǴݷá
ҶұĴſڣʿ
ЩʿʵǶߣžһɫϣ˵ʶҶҴСҶϺǲûз룬ͨѶȥ
һһʿǰһȻʵʲôҪ˶ݡ
ҶϺ֪Լ֣㽫ֱȥܿ죬ǸʿͨѶԶ˵˺ʵʶҶС㣿
ԣ㽫ҵָӦûңʮֿ϶˵Ҫ֪ԼǾ˶ԷΣûԼҶϺˡ
õģʿȻͨѶõ˻ӦһۣȻ߽˱
˵Ѿ൱ˣҶҵıãóֲֵﶼԪֲ󲿷ûм̺ΪǿԪʵԪĸӦҲкô֪Щֲ˵ԵԪֲҲֻҶҲֲͻôֲ
ҹ仹רŵ԰ڻЩֲҡҡͷͨ˵һѣǶվڲȨ۷˵ǵû̫ı䶯ݻޱȡ
ǰʿڴ·һ·ţܿ쵽һǰʿֱӿŽ룬ʱͻȻоһ˿ףĸоΣյĸо
ɫѾ˼󿨣ͬʱδҲʱ׼
Ǹʿӣ㿴ѾгʮʿͬʱﵽԪľߣܿ죬ĴҲصһϡ
ȻԷҪ׽ֻףԼֻݷҶϺҶôŪộ
ĪҶѾˣ
룬ǾúֿܣֲԣҶԸܣҶӦ֪ԼֶΣҲŪôϷץԼ˵ʵֻҪ̲һ󣬾ͿԽһȫɵ
ûжҪҶҵҪʲô
ܿ죬ǰһͨһˣʮͣһܼҵĴ磬˿ܼҴһȻҶСعҶңҲֻҶҵ˲֪ȴ֪ҶС֮ǰһֱǧ֮ǣ֪ҶСǰʶһˣ˵ʶҶС㣬ôܣ˵ɣ㾿ʲôˣҶʲôĿģڿɲǾ磬Ѿ㣬ѣǻʧ
вʣһˣܼҴһ仰ֱ⣬д⣬һ¾¶
ϧԷѡ˶
üëɫû˿仯ԷȻԼʶҶϺȷҶϺģҶ֮ⶼ֪ԼͻȻҲȷᡣ
һˣµģŲǣҵȷʶҶϺʱ֪˵ǲˡ
ǹܼҲһ㶣˵ӣƺ˵ѣֻЩţʵʲôʱʲôصʶСģ
üʶҶϺȻڰǰۼأֻ¾ǺֹǧʱԷԼôĻνҲһ鷳
ѵԼҪ˵ԼǴԪؾ͹ģ
˵߱ˣ˵ԷҲδš
һҲֻҶϺô£ʱҲúýû뵽˻ûţҶҵ¾ôࡣ˵ʵΪãҶϺɲǷκζҪ˵ǷҲǷԼ
룬ЦҲǷҶκζҲңҶϺҲǿˣΪʲôöȥ
˵꣬ת뿪
ҸоõҶʵûʲôøУѾúǆ¡
ֻ˵õֺǹܼɫһ䣬ҪߣҲǼæߣ
ʵϣܼѾЩĻˣԷʶãѾ˵⣬ֻȻôʽķʽ£ߣȴǴ
ҲҶһķ񣬶˭ǿӲһΣʧˡ
ܼҵĻǲϲһ̣Χľʿ˹ҪԼ˵ƢǣҿȻҲǶҲǶԲҲ㡣
߶δ֣һӽľʿɨɣһڴϣҿƲʩչ׷磬˲ӣȻ󼤻ӰЧʧ١
һˣôˣû˿ۼ
ǹܼҸû뵽˻æ׷һĶӰףԼոΪż˵˻¶ԷϸѯС£û뵽ŭ˶ԷܼҲ£ΪҶҵֶΣҪһ˸Ѵ֮£ҪҶ񶫡
гڣ֪ͨˣһҵղǸˣܼ֮󣬼æҶ񶫵ıȻŶ롣
ʱ䣬Ҷ񶫻û˯һݣոݹ뿪Ҳ֪ԷĶԼŮҶϺϢһʱϹҶ֪ݹΪŮá
Ҷ񶫺ݹˣǸǽСúҶϺһ𣬸ǹϵһѾͷСһ𳤴ͬãΪԸ㣬ܹѵӾӻͺҶϺһǱڣʵǽáѷʱҶ񶫺ݹھ飬ǰɳȥҶϺõķɻҲڰ·£ûмʱӵˣľ档


ʮ żݸ
Ҷλϵģٶ֪һЩص飬֪ᷢ仯ǱϾûȵѷ֪֮жôءǸʱҶһΪԼŮزˡ
ֻû뵽ǰһʱܻȻԸ䣬ʵҲĪ࣬һ˵ŮܻѾǴˡ
ŮһãȴûлҶϺ֮ǰľҶȻżҲûӣҲ׶༪١ȻҶϺԪؾٸݹ񣬽û뵽õŶݹֱʣҶȻǱ˸ƿԡ˵ڼϣݹֻһУ٣ݺ͵λȲҶ񶫣ϣҶ񶫻ûӻ졣
ֱݹ뿪Ҷ񶫲ųһ˵ʵЩݹ񣬱Ͼûл˼ҵŮ
ʱ򣬹ܼŽոշ¸Ҷ񶫣һҲ΢΢üûʲôȨӵ֣ܽϺôʶ˵ʵǿжǿ
ûԵУҲ֪ӦֻҪһ㣬ԷٶȺܿ죬գ֮ûӰܼʵ˵⻰Ȼ֮ԱǣʱҪɵһӵˣҲԲѴܼ֮ڡ
ֻϧʱûչ¶ʵԱܼʵ
ˣҶҲ൱ˣܼҵʵ֪ģԪѾûеֻ֣ҪԪļĶ֣ǾԲ䡣
ԷᵽãĪõѣϺܲʶˣ㸺ȥһ°ɡҶ񶫲û̫£ӻùܼ뿪ΪҶҵˣÿҪ̫࣬ټϽݹʣҲͷۡ
ܼգҲ¡
˿̵ʩչֶ뿪Ҷҵıոû뿪ǿڱѰһҪҵҶϺȴûκη֡
ûҵҲ٣Ҫ¾Ǵһʱ䣬ûᣬֻҶ˵̬ʵЩԳߣֱ֪͵͵Ǳ룬ʡô鷳
Ҷұ⣬վһݶ֮׼뿪ȴǿҶ￪һ
⣬ֻһۣܿ췢֣뿪֮󣬴һﾹȻָ͵͵βȥͼ졣
ֻǼˣҲֻɨһҲͲעˣȨû˿ȤȻһûҵҶϺҲȻȥ˵
¾ɱ˾ӵıƣԾڵģʿǾʿӶܺã˾ʺܸߣ󲿷ֶǾߣͳһú͹ӲľΪ˱¾ǵһǿ
µľʿĿǰѾﵽˣһǿޱȵսԳһϵѣ˭ѿһǿĳ롣
ԭ׳ȻڸͼҲھеҪְȨҲֻһҰڵ̨ϣбпɽľ٣ȻиõķչûУҲûϵЩǰ£
ֻݹȴһࡣ
ݼھ磬Ҳһ壬ֻݼүҲݹĸȥݼҾһǧɣҲݹԸһʸȨҲŪˣĻ˵һľˡ
ѷ֮ݹҲǵһʱֵĸֹ¾ǵİȫһ£֮뵽¾ǣҲʵȨȻֻУΣҲһţһǧʿָӹ٣¾ҲǸ߲ˡ
һЩұȴҪһЩΪݹʵȨȨвҪ£ֻݹܾ˿档⵱УңǽҶҵȻҲлȨֻҶұҪ˲٣ȻݹѾûûпɽʵȨٸ£Ķ
ݹ񼸴ܾңѾҵ˻ģҪǣ˴Ļǰһҵ˽ݹŵһְΪѾ㣬ݹ񲻺Ͱظɵ
ֻҪݹһȻǸְΪų֮⣬Ǵݹֵһԭǣݼүӻʱ򣬾ͺҲԸһĳԹ棬Ծѡ˽֡
ݹŭĴҶ뿪Լĳ֪ԼβͣΪԷûпƣԶû˿֡
ҲݹЩķҵԵʣ˵ҶϺͻҶˣȻʹѯһԼŮ䡣
ԭҶϺŮһǣȻѷʧȥϵѾݹĲѣǱʹޱȣѾŮ뿪ʵ
ҶϺȻˣȼһ˿ϣ
Ȼ֪ŮûлҪҶϺô£Ҷ񶫾Ȼ˵ҶϺڣݹʮջ
ʱ˵Ҷ񶫶ϽĻˣһΪŮκ¶⡣
ųû°ɣ˾ݹϳ֮һƣɫ˳ʵ
û£㿪ĳݹֻԼһ˾һ
ѾһȽƫƧĵطʱͻȻܳһǰһ󣬽ĳм䡣
һ̣߰˸׳ֱȡװǹеݹĳ
أ
ӵקһ˿˿׻ҹգ˲ͽһ˸ǧٿף˾һʱ䱻ӣֱӱ
˾Ȼһߣûлױ£ӵҲ
ںݹӹһ٣˵жˣһΪһżţкܴȨģǱѾߣǿȱͲһᲢ۵ģϴžΪż䱸ʻףӲȿҪﵽ3㣬ԵֵӵĹ
ݹķӦҲǺܿ죬һʱ֪ԼˣҲ룬ֱһ߿Ѿǿĳ˳ȥڳֻǱ˵ɻӴ
ֻǸճȥݹ͸оһ£ȻƿĻףһ£һһʹĺֱӴ̴ǰأ罦һѪ
ڣݹʱ˲࣬㿪λһ̣ͷһȭ˳ȥֱӽһߴڵء
Էʵֻռһ͵Ϯƣ˿һ̰ݹҲΧĵ˻в٣лԪľߣݹ֪Լ˸ǶԷĵ֣ӣֻҪĵطôԷİɱͲɹ
ɣ˦￨ʱ䣬Ȼ̳һܡ
˿̻û뿪ʱ仹磬ȻôżЩҪ˼ߵĺʱǰһ˻Ѫ˹ϻһ̣棬ͬɷ׷ʱ򣬺˺һݹˣ


ʮ ˣ
˿ŰӰ񣬶Ǵڼ״̬˱˸ԪӦŽ̬ĳ̶Ȳпܷ֡
ԭǶԪʹ˼ᶨĻõԭʼԪʽǴѧϰ˱޷յ֪ʶԸӦԪ˵Ԫҹɭ̳һλƽѪҺָ֪Խǿͱ̬ԴӵɢԪжϳԷԪȼ
һ㣬ǿѧͽĴҲ
һֻҪĿ꣬ӦĿϵԪͿжϳԷĵȼĶؼ
˿Ǳ׷ɱʵﵽԪֻΪˣټ׷һ˶ڣԪߴڣֻ
ˣҲóԷֲ˶á
ڶԪкоܸоǰǸ׷ɱѾ˶ԽԽصĽŲĴϢоܶ϶
Էûֱ̬һԪӦǴܹȥģ˿ûзĴڡ
׷ɱ˵ڶɱҲһԽ׷ԽһԪľ߿׼ʱ˦һſƬǻһĴָϸһɵĳ߼ͬһ㣬ǰܵ˸ʵ
߱ǿ֮ĩһֱԵڵأ
һȺɱ̽ԷΧڵУݹܰôˣ
ϷʺͲмһŹֳ߲סȫȻǱȴǼΪӲ˿̾ȻǹЦٷϻȻôץˣǾ͸һʹ졣
վڲԶ⻰ʮӢ۹ܣеʱһ۾ܿʱּװӲˣ̱ˣ˵˵жûһ˿ֻһ˿ʣûģһ˵Էһӡ
û뿪վ׼
ݹͷ˵Щɱ˱ǰһţʱ㻹ڳֳİҾ͸һʹ죬ˣѵͲ֪˭ҪԸ㣿
ЩɱԺǸݹһЩԹûҪô˵
ֶεģһ˭ҲڵˣˣҪҸǳ룡ݹЦ˵ֻƺǣϵ˿ڣüͷ΢΢һ壬Ӳһûӡ
ģСˣ˵˼Լϳֱһѳͷϵ֣Ȼ¶һݣʮ£ӥǣ۾ϸСȻģУôôЩ䡣
Ȼ
ң
һ˿ɫһʲô¶ɣǵʱǸ鳤ϲֱﺦ˵Ĺͬ£ԼԼܾʹ㰵ɱ֣û뵽޳ܵԸŴ¾ǵҲһ·ɫ£ɾҪɱˣʲô
еܣҲܲе»ҪܵģͬڣҪһɣǾҲ˳ۣ˵ֻһɾ㹻ˡ
ʱ㶯֣ҪԷҪ˵ʲô
ݹţҼ̸ĺôǲͣβһڵĻؾûиӡһŵܱҿϣҲǵĸ֣ɣĸųѾЧˣܷܵõһšЦ˵Ҫ˵Щֻ뿴Էյӡ
Ҳʵ㣬֪ǸųǰˣΪɱҾܵõҵţҵıߺߣͰˣҵı̸ͶҶ̲ţǸųֻ˵һ̫ۣݹȻ֪ҵĿģȻԸȽֱɵ͸Լ˺·ֻû뵽ҾȻ쵽¾Լ֡
ݣݹ㵱ɵӣҲŲ˵ġһҲǼˣŸɵݹͿԵõԷıݹ˵ģҾɱݹҲòκκô
Ҷ֪ҶҵˣұҶһҪѷһҲǡ
ֻǲɱݹҲˣѾһôܷݹߣңΪݹ˵Ҳδģ˵թԼ
ԣԷ֪ģԼҲʱ뵽ôһӣϧֵСһ۾ͿˣǰۣݹǲԶˡ
ԼȻˣǲҪɱ˵ģһƬѲ߱ĳӿʱߣʮӾͻѲ߱ҪɱˣҪץʱˡ
뵽ɱֱӰγһѾװǹ׼ݹԴ
ԪľߣָǹͷҲǱɡԶһĻǴ˺ʹߣȡ˺ھֱһǰȥնһ
ҲǲֲˣȻҪ£϶ǲҵɱǸݹ񣬷Լ¹ܵҲ̫ʧˡ
ۼٶȣֱȹȻҪ죬˵ߵľҲв٣ܲĸûУ֮⣬ʵڲǸҲû֣һȥǹ־ͷȻžһ£֮⡣
һ˵ǿ쵽£԰ûӦԼǰͻȻðһźºڼףһɫߵˣһǹȴǿԼûˣ۵ðѪ
һоˣ໲ҽС
ҵ֣ҵְ۵ֱţʱҲӦͻȻֵ˸ɵģܻĺģǶ˰Ҹɵݹһɵ
ҵɱּæǹ׼ղҲǱٶһǱϾѵľߣܿȷķӦ
ϧȻռȻôǿ۶
һ̣ὣɨֻһһ̱徲½ɨǼļ߸ҲնϣЩҵɱִ˿̴վԭأ¶ֵɫһߴ֣Щ˷·նϵ㳦һء
Ҳһնɱֻһɱ⼸ߡ
ս·һ΢飬ɱֻ֣ԷҪǾֻΣˡ
ݹҲĿɿڴѾ׼ˣû뵽ͻȻɱһһо͸ɵˣֱͬһ㡣ݹϾͨˣ֪˾Լ
лл㣬ɱǴ߰ɣݹ˵ҪվֻǸոһ룬һεڵأȻ̫أ˶εҲ
ҡҡͷ¾װɣǽԷʱ򣬴ݹϵһƤУǾǮĿʽ˿ȻƤһźӰƬƬϵһݹһȻá
ɣӲ૵ͻȻˣԼȵƺҲݡ


ʮ õ
ͬݣһõĺӰƬȻɺϡ
֪ݹܺйϵ˿ҪơˣܲôżԼǷãϾԼռӣ˵˵Լ𣬵ôġ
ݹйϵôͱֽҽκãǲ֪ʲôˣӣ϶ĳ
òװɣҲһԼһ¿ǹܶˡ
ʱֿ˿һõƬŷӦǺüǰĵģÿȥҪСһЩóݹƬúܺãƬתƬдһ֡
Ůʮ
ףǳˣ˿ݹȡһ˿ƣֽһ£ͬʱ˳
Ƕؾ飬ⶾˣ˵ҲԽⶾֽ׶δ˵ز˾Ҫ뿪ǲ俨Ҳʺϸݹƺ֪ݹõĸ׺൱ĵġ
룬ȡԼͨѶ˹ȥ
˵ǶżҲסʱֻҶæˡ
Ǳ߶ܿϵˣȻһص㣬ݹٸѾһţԵĶֱǰ
ϳǸˬˣҲûжʾͽ˴ϳȻֱӿ˶żҵסɵסլ˵ȲҶңѾǲסˡ
ϵҲΪˣҲȥһЩҪ鷳
ĲҲڣһ˵ͷǴкȶ˵ݹ΢΢һ㶣ⲻųôô¡
˵֪ôֻͣҪǾݹ񣬺أ˿ЧҲǵһʱͽݹڵٶ˿ݹϵ˿ڲȫϡ
˿ֻʧѪ࣬ڻԵУ룬ʶҪһӣȥһѪľҺݹȥ
ݹûκΣˣ෴˾ѪľҺʵһ
ĲҲ΢΢ݣʱͻȻʵĪԪؾ飿
ĲҲмʶ˵ĲЩأԷȻԪļƺͽˣ˼⣬ϾԼӦòǽԪĵһࡣ
漰˼ҵܣҲÿѯʡ
ȷԪؾ飬򣡡һ£ȻĲñ׼˵һ仰һһơ
㶣Ҳͬһ䣬ȻŻͷʵϴͷ潲ȻԪؾƺҴк̫ˣ
ٺһЦ֪Ĳ϶вܣҲʣĲĻ¶һݣƤ˳顣
ϴԪؾ龹Ȼϴ󣿡Ĳ˿ֵ̱ЩС֣ʲôǶһ
ĲһɽκĲǰƺֵݡǴ˿̣ĲȷЩһ̬֪ĲǰһЩ֪Ҳ࣬ҲԣҲ֪ڲѯʵʱ
ȹĲû˵պʱǱݹƤ˶Ȼ˹æ˹ȥ
ĶݹһʱǾ¿˿Ȼְҵ˵ϰߡ
Ͷϳ˶Ͼż¾Ҳһɲ׵뵽ĪǶżҵ˾Լ
ʱε֮ǰԼһºڼֳֺڽˣԷǶżҵĸ֣Ҫ֪ݼǰҲһ壬Ȼ֪һôһ֡
ңлݹˡݹоϵʹûˣ˿ҲˣȻ֪Լҽι
żȻҲһңҪǿˣݹҲûرų⡣˭˵ֵ̰꣬ųˣҾ㣬ֵܣ
ݹſ˿ߵʱŷӦæǸźºڼ׵˾㣿ˣĪǸʿ
ʿѾ¾֪һƺţΪһ߼٣ݹô֪ܲ
εĵ˵ͷǳϣ֮ǰɺʹ籾Ϊݣѵҵ˾ߣֻǺ鷢չԤϣ˭֪ԼȵľȻõϰ֡
һõĸףһǶĲֵεˣҲûзϡ
ݹɫ任һ£ŵվҪʿҵֱץоȻң¾ˣҵʱͼı죬ǵжļڿӦǾˡ
ǺһЦ¾ǵľҲԲץԼʱȻô˵
ǶĲ֪ǹʿҲûж˵ʲôһ㶣ʶԷͿˡӿĲһͷĲ۾ƺЩر˵ԷӵкԼƵԪ֪ϸͨԪ϶ԷݣֱͨԪж϶Էĵȼ
ĲϵܣܸȤ»̽ʱ
ݹϮḶ́Ҳ˳ݹĲ䣬Ĳ֪ô¡һӣԽԽˣڣҴӦŽһ£һǿڼԪ統ռһϯ֮أ˵¾ǣ˽ܵ۹ֳأ˵ܵ۹໹㲻ǱϾ壬ı죬վҪԼġû뵽ֹؼʱڣΪһ֮˽Ȼֱǰࡢ档
˼ĲҲһЦһүɱҵ֮ұ㳹׺Ҷż˺绹Ǿ綼ֱӶչ˴ѹ˵ͬˮҲΪ
ûȻһѪꡣ
˵̫ˣȻôѣϾǻţֻҪﵱľٴĿǶܿ˷벻ҵĹ۵һû뵽һĻݹĹ˾ȻԽԽͶ
Ҳ֮ǰȻżһЩϼ棬û̸ԳԣȻ֮ơ
һĿɿڴ˵һˣǺֱӣּһ϶ǿˣ˺ܼˣǲɷϣҲ̫Ⱥ
һݹԼϮ±Ҫ߾æ׼ǣһڴͻȻɫһ䣬æҵƤأ
Ƥж˵ʲôĺӰȴǲܶŮΨһƬ
ƤлӦæ˹ȥݹΪԼ˵ʱģƤʧȻ˿
ƤвʲôҺŮĺӰѾˣƬ˵Ҫлл㣡ݹԵ˵һ䣬ô˵ľˣһ䡣
ųʵõġѣûʱ̹׵Ϣݹ˵ӦһĺϢ


ʮһ ѷ¼һ
ȻûиݹԼ˯ŮֻɵӲŻô˵룬ô˵ԼҲõѣǹϵѣбҪĸ׹õĽ
ݹĻһ㶣ǰһקסǵ֣˵ʲôõѣûĶ
ݹѪˣ־ᶨҲη壬ŮϢҲʧ˷磬ɣԷΪŮκ¡
ųȱ𼤶ȷûһҿȷϣ֮ǰһظһ䣬ݹŷԼЩˣǿԼ侲
ţŮѾݹΨһˣΪְҵĹϵŮ֮һҲ˼棬ѾΪݹⱲź£ָԺֲѷŮʧȥϵֱϣһʱ䣬ʹ޷ʵΪ£ϧҶ񶫷
ԼŮûϢȻݹ˷磬ֻϾһѪˣȻмޱȣ˿Ӳѹȥּ
ݹ侲ŽʶĹһһ˳ȻЩʺ˵ģԶȥԷõĸףԼʨǵϢҲûҪ
ԪؾľҲֻһᣬ֮ݹںܺãʵӦѾԪԼǣܰȫ
ȥݣݹһԵĶĿɿڴǱߵĲãɵȻ
˵ӵһۼأݹ´һͻȻǰӲĴֵĹʿʵҪһС;ۼصҲпܡ
ôŮţݹ˵ѾĺϢˣܿģϾԷûҪƭԼ
˵ͷԼӵеģɲһľۼأԼʨǵίԱ֮һЩõľ޹أҲûһԵĶܹļ򣬹Цֵܣ㻹һǶżһţҲȲ㰡Ժ¾ǻ첻ȥˣȥͶ㣬Ҫ
ȻǼеӭͶԸͶҲ
ݹ˼ŮУ޲̳ϳɵԼŮֻҲ֪ܣ˵ģǾ¾һǧ߰ٶ๫·֪жΣգʱҪԽôľѶȿ֪
ô˵˻ţĿܣһ뵽ݹǾͷʮ㣬ǰ־òȫֱͬͬһƵġ
ʱһֱ˵ĲͻȻ˵ԭѾԪؾֲӵԪļʵ֪¾һͨܵ۹뵽ԪؾʵǿҪǰ˺ܶࡣ
ĲҲкܶҪʵģȻԷ˵ԪؾҲĲһЩ⡣
ĲҲôɣԪļʵ˰ɣ㾿ʲôʱģ⣬ֻһֱûлᣬû뵽ĲԪؾҲʵȷǣĲԼ֮ǰ
ûҺǰԪļʵˣʲôʱ䣬ʵ㻹ǲ֪ȽϺáĲûзϣˬĳˣ²ǻܣܶ¾ǵĶ֪ʵֻʲôʱģȴǱ¿ǾԵĻܣǣһЩعܡ
ֻĵĻǡ£ĲɣͽԪļʵЩ˼顣˵ġǰǰҲһǰпѷǰ
ҪŪΪ²⣬ѷ֮ǰ֪Ԫ磬֪ѿܻᷢⲻǲ²⣬֤ݡ
ǵһ·նֲ飬鿨ᣬһдʮǰռǡ
ռһ֣ƽдģصģܾܿһӴԪľʱ䣬Ӧʮǰһֱܺ棬ҪŪôĲνĺܾǰָѷ֮ǰ˵֪¼
Ȼȫβ룬Ĳ֣ƽռûκοɹĵطǰ㣬֣ƽдռǵʱĲֻм꣬һСӣţԴĲһӴԪ
뵽˵зһڵµķն޽ϸͣҷһӣһ֣ƽд
˵֣ƽ֣һֱ̩ɽĲʲô̼ĶһɫҲǱüΪ
˵ݹǶҲĲķӦЩ̫ˣ˴Ӧԭʵֻһ
֣ƽ
Ҳֻ뽫ռ˵ĲʲôӦԷ棬ԼռȡĲǱߵ鱨
ֻû뵽ԷķӦô
˵Ǻ£ĲķӦԽԽãΪѾȷĲ֪֣ƽֶ˵о壬ĲķӦô
û뵽벻תʮָˣд֡
ĲϾͨˣܿʹлָּΪصĿһۣŵ㾹Ȼҵ˶ӳռǣ㲢һ֪ˣѾȥô꣬ѾԪ֣ЭҲˣҽ˵һЩ°ɣϣ㲻Ҫͷ߶
˵꣬Ĳֿһݹ񣬵ųҲ֪£ֻֻ֪һС֣ʱ䣬ҲˣЩ̫õʱ䣬ҲǸú˷һˡ
ݹȻĲҪ˵ʲôɫһĪǣĲҪ˵ѷ¼
ԣѷ¼Ĳ˵ͷ
һԵĶǺһЦûԵöô棬ȻĲ˵ˣģ֪ĲڵʮֱܣżүҲֻ֪һС֡
ȻˣҲҪѷ¼Ǿ类Ϊɫĳܣ˵ʵҸףҲ֪֡ݹ֪Ůã˿̾ȻҲżˣҼȻɱͿ϶ȫ֮ڻȥҲûãʮĻϸڡ
ʲôѷ¼Ψһһͷˮľˣͷһơ
ΪõԵʣݹԽԽ˳ۣ̽͵һܴţʵϾΪѷ¼ǲ֪Ԫ֣ڼǰͿʼӦԪΣֻǵʱкܶ˲ѷ¼ǳŷԵ̬ȣ׳ҲǰŰɣû㹻׼Ҳǵ͹Ԫѵƻ˽ľ档
ݹһƬȻͺ˵ģŵ磬ǾǻеĻܣҲ˵ʱȨѾ֪ѻֻᷢû㹻ӣ˿µĽ


ʮ ѷ¼
ֻͷһ˵ЩһֱΪԪͻȻԵģǵѣû뵽֪ѻᷢ
ͬݹ˵ģʱЩȨӵĻڵز˵ʱҲһ֪ѻᷢҲֻܼ飬ǾȹԼӦѵ׼ڱܲˣǲܣǵʱûǸʱҲ͵͵ϷһЩѻᷢӣʯ󺣣ҪôǱɾҪôûš
ڵʱǸ󻷾£Ҫתѵķǲܵġ
鷢չҲһȻԵġ
ų˵ĲֻǱɽһǰˣӳռҿ𣿡Ĳʱ˵
ռƾɣûдϣȴǼռݣǵֽд˳ӵмǿļҪдռҲ¡
дĶĲΪӿһ˿䡣϶ǵļ֤֮һռص߸еһҲƺռǵΪӳ
ռǣ֪֣ƽȷǵʱǸӵĶӳ֮ĶԱŮǵÿһ˵֣Щ֣ƽռﶼ֡ͻȻ֮䣬뵽һ֣ƽռִȽ϶һ֡
׿ı
ĪĲ׿ıռдúʱ׿ıǿ̽СӵļԱʮ꣬ô׿ıǻţӦѾʮˣĲȥʮ꣬弫ãôǰʮͷ
֪ܿԼ˹˼άˣʱ֣ƽ߸˶أѾԪļľߣôһоͶ˵ͨˣĲѾʮ꣬ԪļľߣʾǿԿȥҲʮһһ߸Ķ֡
Ĳ׿ıʵȻлɣǾȥ֤ʵʻڿռǵĲҲ¶ȣŵͷܴûҾ׿ıҿó㸴дռģȻˣҾ˵˵ʱǵľɣҴûж˵
ʮǰĲһʮ꣬ǸʱкɫǾһѧϰ͹Ϊ˽ͷչҡĲҲһʱһ̽Ա飬Ͷͬһ߱ĴúɽѰҸ
ʱӵĶӳ֣ƽһĲͻҪСһˣֻ֣ƽԸȣרҵҲߣԳ˶ӳֹˣɽ֣ɳĮʶ̫ϡŹֵ飬һ̽ȴǳΪһκ
һƬɽǲɼ˿ܴڵϧǺܸˣΪԱʲô±ȷֽҪĿҪ£
ʱ߸˵ĿСӱǴҰӪõװ뵽˳ٹﷶΧڵɽʼĿ˳кܶ෢ֻ֣ⷢһϣ¶ӪһƬɽеĿСӰҹ֣ǵһˡ
һ硯ŮոմѧҵƯԶ˶ϲˣ̷ͷȥңһĵطһصɽ
ΧɽҰҰ֮ҰޣһŮܵĶȥܿǽɽɽڵϣҲƾЬӡ֣ƽ׿ıһϼƣǴŵƣڿĸͷذһ˶ǸʱҶᣬҲҲûΪʲôΣյġ
ʱ֪ɽĺǿ϶ȥϧûкҩĲЦһʣɽ϶鷳
ɽĻܸӣһ˺ܾã˵һɽǶӦÿԴȥˣûߵͷҲûҵ硣
󣬾׼ʱȴǵɽľͷ
ǿһŹֵǽڣǽͬɫˮһ㾧Ө͸һ¶ܸоĿ
Ǹʱǲ֪ʵϣǽھһԪݣ͵Ԫһ㣬ǽϣһѷ죡Ĳ˵Ҳ³ˣѷǱ߾ǵԪ磬ʱǸ֪ѷ󣬾žҲ棬ɵĶȥˣͨǸѷ죬˵Ԫ硣Ǵʱ䣬֪Ԫ磬֪ǵᱻԪ֣ȻҲˣԪؾԪļ
˵Ĳͣһ£һԵĶǺһЦҾ⻹Ǻ£֮ǰѾ˵ǰ棬ȵԪ֣ǻܳΪˡ
һ仰ĲһЦ
үص㣬ҲǼĵطҺ֣ƽӳΪ±ϱңҪùǰ׼⼸˲ô룬Ǿһᣬһ£Ԫһ죬еĹ᳹ױдʱǾͿǿƣΪͬʵһĴڣ˵˽
ĲͨѷΪ統ʱûбԪ֣ǵʵʱ䳤ˣû㹻Ԫ£ǻúͨһֻҪǿܶࡣ˷ֵ֮Һ֣ƽӳдһݲϽңȻҲ֪µԣԲұ¶ݡ֮󣬸дĲϣѷ¼£ǸʱҲ֣ƽӳֿһ˵˾ŷԼ뿪꣬ȥĸҲزڴ˶үӵʱӼҼңǸʱΪ˶أҲ˳ƽ˶żң£ûʲôˣүҲˣǵʵҲԪָ֮Ԫļ
ѷ¼ĲǽˣҲǽٵɻ󣬲̽СԱ֣ƽȥʲôطȴһա
ŶˣҵĶѣֻ֪һ緢չңһ棬ֻ˽Ѭģܶ໵£ͬΪıѾǵˣҲΪԭҴͶżԣ֮찡Ĳ̾˿Ƕնѵ廳
ò˵ĲĹݻǼΪḻϢҲ㣬Ƭ̣ʵأ
ʧȥϵܾˣ֪ˣĲֵָֻ̬
ǾأҵôʵһؼĲҲܽɽԽԪ硣
Ĳҡҡͷʵ֮ǾҲûڵԪ磬ҲûҵʱɣûнǸɽȥطҲǱҰҲˡ
ȻĲô˵ǲţȻԲ򵥣ı۵ķʽ͵Ļ˵Ǿʧ٣Ĳǽɽġ


ʮ ҵĿɽ
ֻⶼƲ⣬û֤ݾ޷֤ʵòƺҲûʲôϵʻֹЩӳ֣ƽȥʲôطռôǵĵ·նﻹмʬ˭Щ֪ĲҲ޷شΪ֪ģҲֻ顣
ѾܾˣǰҲֻż˵һЩүǶ˵ˣ˲٣ʵҲûʲôֻʹȻ˵Ҳ˵ײ£ԪѾ֣һжνˣһҪСңСԷԲһƲųҼȻҴɱ㣬һ˺֣˽⣬µˮ©ҪȻҲὫҾӪֹģĲʱѵ
˿ˣҶûкøУͬ顣
ͬʱҵѾõ˴ɱݹʧܵϢһҶһģıһȥĲƣжһ˿֮ɫ߱վһ֮ڣ˵Ļ㱨
һԵĵϣżʬ壬ʬ嶼նأ˿Ҳֻǽƴϣʬ廹ƴ°ȥʮֿЦ
ֻڴˣûһЦҼϲһӣˣȻưոݣ˭ʱЦ
ʵѾʮ壬ǿȥҲʮ꣬ǿÿ£Ԫļʵ
¾ѡʮֵУҼУΪ֪ʵ˲࣬˵ĲҲǰǶ֮ˣĲӵĮǲмִ¾绽꣬ûҪǸ
һ飬һΣȴҪԳˡ
鵽ôʲôɱҵӣɫ˵ӵһŵһӲͷƤǰүǴ˴ɱݹʱµģݹ֪١
ݹһͨԪôɱС¼ȻҲܷŹǸݹĶǱα֤ҲȥɣǲҪõǸŵıҪݹѡ͸һɱ֮
ʱһҵӵܿٴ߹ȻүүڶżҰ̽ӻر˵ݹڶżҡ
żңüͷһ壬ʮ
ոսǸӵĴӣ˿ҲǷߺ޵ǵģǶżңҲԽԽˣǰǸɱҵˣһ˻û㣬ǾȻңҲߣһ˻ɱҿ϶Ƕż˸ɵģүү˵żǸĲҿǱһбһģҲֻǸĲˡ
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һ죬һƽǰһʵľһ飬Ȼŭ˼㡣ʱҲ뵽һ㣬ȷӵߣߣȴǱһɱˣҪ֪¾νʮҲһ㣬ֻдﵽԪļĸֲС
˲֪ĲĵϸȴǱ˭Ĳ֣ȷһ㣬ԽԽֿԴ󣬵磬ͺͶżìܣǺĲ׿ıҲ˼βѣԷҲжֵĶ
׿ıɱҵӣãܺãô꣬㻤Ƕżң类ˣ㲻ɱҵˣҲߣһȥżңһŭˡ
Ҳǵѷ¼лˣֻ֣ƽ׿ıͬ˼Ϊ˽ĲΪ׺Ԥ뵽βԪֵʱΪԼı
ǣ֣ƽ׿ı˵ͬΪı뿪лصǣһЩϵ磬ҵһƬءѷ¼ǼӦԵ֮һʵڰ˽ԽԼװͻأȵѷ֮Ѿ¾ǽҶҵĴڣ˵Ƕҡ
Ҷң죬̫ԼѣҲûȫʧơ
ֻô˵¾ҲһҶ󣬻оļϲҶң̫϶˻һɽҵ·Խ޼ɵ
ǵĿɽǽܵ۹һӳ
ǧҪСƽܵ۹һӳ¾ӳѾǷǳĹˣ¾｣ܵ۹ߵָӹǹʿʿ֮£ӳɴ˿ɼ£һɽ
Ϊˣ׳ҸҵɣÿܵõԪԳţǾǽһԪÿ¶УҪ£һɽҲ¡
ܵ۹¾ռһͶֻ࣬вˣİٷ֮һ򽣶ܵ۹壬ȴӵгĵλ͸ԴΪֻ򽣶ܵ۹ʿʵѾԺ¾Ǿеսʿˣɲܵ۹ʿҪǣڵԪܵ۹Ҳһǿĵ۹פ¾ǵʿܱʮ֮һ
Ϊǿʵ¾ܵ۹ľһֳȻĵλӵиȨ
нܵ۹һӳȻη޼ɵΪҪʱԵһֽܵ۹ʿμжǰҲֻҶ
һΣ˿ɽֱӴһʿҵӵɱ˶żҡ
Ȼ飬Ҳó׼ǰ֪һЩһЩоԼҶңȴûȥ֪ͨ
һΣҪһֲɣ֮ǰ͵͵ָʹαݹһЩܻ¸ġ֤ݡԽȥץˣҲ˵ܴݹ̰۷ʱ򱻶żҵ˸ɱģʿȻżɱʿӲˡ
ܶ飬Ҵ֮ǰͿʼҲˣҪǣǱҪ죬ݹͶżҵ˻ûзӦֱӰΧżסլץˣȵץ̱ƹ¾˶ۣǾҶºҲܷ
¾ǵĴȨһΣһ
Ϊ˱ԼǸɽĹϵ׼һ˵Ľʿ󣬼ʲô⣬нܵ۹ڣҲԳѹˡ
һеһУﻮˣ¾ı󶯣ҪȻҲڶ̶ʮ䣬޵УҴһӰĳҡݹη壬ǶżҲΨһܶвģһͬѷ¼׿ı


ʮ Χլ
ֻţԼδؾͲԷҾ⣬ܵ۹˵ʿҲԳΪԼĺܣ׿ıҲֻһˣԼͽܵ۹ҲǱɣ֮ϣǳԶݹͶżˡ
ڶżңѷ֮ǰͰһԼˣҲµһ壬ҲΪЩֶΣҲнĻԻ͡
ܿ죬Ǵϵ˶żҵıҲоӵľ٣һθǴٶǹʵľսʿżҵıΧ˸ˮйͨ
ڱſվţȫҵĵϵҾʮ귢չѾǼҴҵ󣬶ѷʱͰź˺·ҵӵһû߾ʮ⻹ˣıں´ﵽԪǾ͸ˣһ˵ѾżҼ
˴żȻ֪ˣԭｻ̸ݹĲ˾ȻǰΧҲһ㵡
ĲϾı㣬ʶʲô˼£ŵǶżжԷߣȻ˲ʱ˽ûʮİգжȻжˣ̡
ˣĪҶżһңڵһ¾ʹɳվȡһͨѶϵ
żȻ΢Ҳвٵϵ¾ǵĸҪְҲˣֻǶͨͨѶ֪żҵĵϵҪôϵϣҪôԶˮⲻ˽ʣ޷ϸϵ
ϢɫҲǱʮѿȻͬĲ˵һһбżֳľ߲࣬ԪֻǰԼĶǶߺһߣҲ࣬ĲʵԪļڣܽһЩ⡣
֮⣬ʿҲڣӣӦò⣬ԪļĺӲƴҲδػ䡣
棬ҵѾøȿʼˡ
żҵţ֮ڽﷸݹ񽻳ͬʱɱ˵֣ǻǿ߸ɱۣǵʱ䲻ˣѡ񣡡ľĴӣˡ
ߣʮֳָǹеľʿҵڶߣһȻǲ½ִΧѾɳʿһ޹Ա
˺ǰһҲֱӺ׿ıҹɱӣСǰҲɱҵˣһ˽˵ʲôҲҪ˵
ȣû
һ̣߳һȺˣĲˣ滹жżҵһЩߣϼһҲʮˣͶԷһϡ
Ĳһ׿ıڳˣþòһΪˡ
ȻʶͬΪı;ѣĲ˿ҲЦЦôʮǰҾͿڿȻˣνᣬҺһǱ޳ܣӰɱųɱɱҲǾȡȴǵߵڰףΪ˿ıƣ
϶ʲô⣬Ҳôүү˵˲ˣָĲ
Ĳεݺʵ˵Ļɫһ۾һɣԪǣγһֹŹֵ˹ȥóĲǽ۾ʩչԪȻĲ۾ʮֲͬ
ˣ㲻ϼһĶ֣Ĳһѷ¼ͬԪļʵ̿ĲǴΪǿֱǰһǰͬʱ˦һſƬһ磬ǻĲԪȥƲĲ
ҲȡһſƬǰðһԪܣԵֵ󲿷ֹֻǺԣ編ǿȻһ»һԪܣȻĲؿڣƺһǳ˿
óĲϴƷߵĻףˣҲӦˡ
һ½ֻգ֮䣬ͨûп˵ĶǸֺ֮ͨĲ𣬱ϾȻеȼ֣֮սҲǼΪҪ
һ֣൱ˣҪ˵ԷΨһɵľ׿ıԷʵ֮£һԼͽԷˣ˵˭ȲݹͶżˡ
Ĳɫ԰ףû뵽ֻ˺ݶԼոҲֻǴѵһˣûʹȫȴȫû˿֣ΪˣŻһʱˡ
˽ԷȻʦǿ϶ͳﻮˣҲ˵ˡ
뵽Ĳ̽ԼūͣҲǴﵽԪļľ˽ʬٻľ棬ֻļ˵
״Цһȴ˵׿ıǴִඣ㣬г֤֤ݹܻ¸ʤץݹӰȴɱ붯ɱ˵ľɣǰɱҵˣж֤ȰǶҪֿˣʵʵ־ܣǻȥܵ飬̹״ӿܴϣֻҪڲصĿ϶翹ǺԸ
ⷬ˵ĲƺǴһҲһ磬ҪԸˣҲҪ뷨ҵһʵɣë
ޣʲôȻҪӾͱƷ˵ôˣôôҪʵڿȥˣԸ̵Ѿǲˡ
ӣǲˣȻˣͱҲˣзһ˿ɫո˵ЩΪԺסһЩ˵죬ҶңԼԷ·ǶԷԸ⣬ǾͲҪԼĺˡ
ŽǽǰЩ˶ɱ⣬ֻҪнܵ۹ʿӳԼôǾҶңҲܽԼ
Ҳȡ￨һ𼤻һ̣ȻٻֻԪļ
һһͷߵ߰׸ߵԳޣֱ۴׳ƺ㣬һһ׶ߵϵ⵫ɼӲףֳζƣһץһѲԪĳ
ýʿһϡȻͷߣɢΣϢԳ֮ϡ
еõһūͣһֱɱƽʱٻΪˣһԽļﶼٻ˳
ԼǾԪļ
СģǴɱˣ˽ľĲˣչʾļʱ֪Ҫ£¼ΪǱҪɱԲ¶
ȻԷսôѾǲˡ
һ㣬Ϳˣûд⣬Ҳ·ȻĲһҲԪļĶ֣˵Է϶ź֡
һȡ˳ʮ󿨣Ȼһ˦˳ȥΧһһ󣬼ȻԷҪӲģǾͿ˭Ц


ʮ 
Ȼ˦󿨵Ķ˶˵ע⣬ֻǿӦݼҵһ߱ڣǿҲһͨԪԲ⡣
ҲãԴݵĲúõĶǶĿ󣬾ԪļҲܶԸóĲֻͨԪļʵԼ֮ǰĺʹ磬ԹǷ͹󣬾ԶԸҵˡ
ʦְҵڵԪ綼ǼΪϡٵģԼǾѷʱĲҲʲôǺߣһʼ˦ʮſƬΪԷҪ֣û뵽ЩƬ䵽Χ֮Ȼûʧ١
ߣŪ飬ûʲô˲𣡡һЩСԭ˦ʮſƬһϾͬʱôſƬҪܶԪҪԿƬüΪַʵǿȻ£ҵ˻һʲôû֪Щջġ
ǲǹŪ飬һǾ֪ˣ˿̿˵˾ȵĿ⵱Уǰһкһһǰڵĵϻһʮ׵Ľۡ
û˿ĽĲҲû塣
ڵѾˣ˴˷ҪϾɱ϶ҪģĲѾˣûˣҲǸĶ֣ԷļһĲͶżһͱɣ˵һٶʿ
ԣҲûˣóֵʱ֣ǶżҺݹˡȻûٻֱӲɱǰѾʹļùɳΪ׼弶ʵǿ˺ֹһҪԸЩˣһˡ
ô˵鷳ϾѾӶ֪¾̫ϻʵʥǣɱûʲôʥǵעӰѧͽĲԣǲɵġ
һβ÷͹㹻Ӧǰвˡ
Լٶȡʩչ½ȻֿջأһΪչԼǿĽҲΪ޵ĸɱĲĲԼ־
֮⣬һĽҲԵ޹ʻġ
֣£ܴ˵
˿ٶżҿܻᱻΣѾǽŵĲˣѯʣҲһ㶣˿ԸʣҲǺܿ콫еĵǶһԣҶǼΪģȻôʣ϶ԭҲǴصֵܣҪʲô
˵¾ʩе˽ƣԼʲô͸ʲôȨ棬Ҫͬô˽լȨǻдˣûɣ˵ͬʱǿŶˣƺ⻰˵ġ
Ҳа취ˣҲǼæһһ͵û¾ǽǵʱˣͽܵ۹һƶġ
ǾͺãȻˣҾҪĳЩһ䣬һߵǶż֮⣬⿴ǲ̤ڣڵ˽УûѣԺ˺һ֮ɫ
˵⻰˫ĿɿڴȻǾ˲ޱȣֱ֪˽ɱ˵ģںһǸµķɣ
ĲݹЩԣãȻʶãȴѾǺѣȻˣġĲݹͬҲǼʶ㣬Ȼ֪һɷȻڣԼңԷǽɱˣ˭º׷˵Σ
ô˵Ѿһ˵ʲôҲưոݣĲ֪Ը񣬸׽׶༪ˡ
룬СųжүȴӺߣʵҪͻΧѣ֪϶Ķ֣ｻңҽҪһ򾡣ƴϹͷóѡ
ĲȻô˵ǾԼ׼ˣֻЦЦȻĲǲҪƴٽûƴʸҸղ˵ĻûһǿЦ
˶٣ɫһ䣬˺Ǿ仰
СӣĸУ˵Ϊ˭ھȥɵ㣬㻹װB̲ס˳һףֳһѽ󴸵Ĵ󺺿һ˳׳һ;ߣ󻹸߰˸£ֳһɱ
е˵ͷֻĲֵԶ֣ƽ׵ԼݡһʵӵǿƬĽشٶ๫ǿȫȥͬľҲԲֵܵסʵҲһ𹥻Ĳ֮⣬˻治õֵֻҪĲ춯̾ͻ֡
ͷ׳ǼԼ⹫ǰ¶һˣԼһ¿첽ǰ׼һ̤Ľߡ
ƤѾ˭̤룬̻ᱻԶԷ⼸˵ʵһס
һõղ̤뿨Χĵˣܵ
һ̣Ǵ󺺺һ̤뿨Χ׼ǰʱǷ·һεľȭһȻȥ߰˸ˤʮ⣬Ǹ󺺲ҽһܵ˲Ѿɱˡ
ȫˣ
εǿͨ߾ԿɱˣҶԷȥʮ㣬ʵֻǵ׵Ĵڣ˵ݹͶԷҲѹԷһ˵⼸͵ļһˡ
һĻϷԵĳ棬֮⣬˿ĿɿڴǾ㵣ĲǾϲǹ
ղŷʲôҲ۾ϴȷûпԼոտһߣıɱ
ǶԷô֣
ĲûжҲûжԼ¾ôˣ
Ҳǽ֮ˣھѷ¼ʱͼܶ಻˼飬ºܿͻָ˹кüһҲûʲôżҵ˸翹ǹ֣˼𣡡
ȻҲЩɵԷֶΣɱΣȻˣԶ
һǴսʿǺǹʵлмǹ֣ЯװĻǹɨ䣬Ҳɱ
һͦͼܺõĻǹǷӵקһЯ޴ĶײȥǸֽˮǽڣҲ䴩
£˶ţڶżұ⣬ƺһεĻַһͬһӵǻ棬ȫɡ


ʮ ù
⡭Ԫ֣ЦһȻʶ㣬֪󣬵ȴ֪Ԫֶ
ڶĿƬУ͹ĿƬǷǳĿƬУԪ־ķֻǴ󲿷Ԫֶʱ޶ҷҲǿҪֵӵǿԵġ
ȻΪǼĳԪֿƬ˵ЧԪֵȷǺ񣬵Ǻ߸ܺǰᲢۡ
ԳЧҷҲԶԪܱ⡣
ͨԪ֣Ȼӵ޷ƣԪļԻһԪ֡
̴߶ԼԪļūͳȥµԼһҲˣνǲˣҪЩȫɵ
ڶԷԽԽãһԷܲôºҲ׷˵ոҲ֪ԷʲôɱԼҲĳϡеķ
ϡпƬҲв٣塣
ﵽԪļһǰһٳȥҵ˾ͷһ󻶺ʵֻҵĵϵ֪ǿԪļ˿ԪļѾǿվߵˣƬֻþҪȼ󲿷·ţҼѾԪļԽо˾øһȡ
Ҳв֪Ԫַ֪ԪȻʱֵӵĹǾ޷ֵԪļĽ
׼һԪ֮Ǿ̳ȥȫɱһѾ˿ʼ֪ˣߣΪԪļ棬Ԫ֮һʱȥոǸ󺺣ͬΪĳϡз
Ȼϡзǿ϶ǲԷҲôţѾˡ
ʮ˲ͬĲǻûдӸոյлعǾȻ֪ոûмκοƬ
ƺΧһεκ̤ߵˣƺһεǽڣֵκηĹ
⾿ǡĲʵ̲סСʵԪļʶľҪԼľ˽ʬӦս뵽ոյͣ
Ϊ˿̵һûһ˿֮ɫ
Ĳ֣ųǷģ˽첻ܿһߣ˭˭ˣǾͿֺˣЦ˵Ԫļȷ͹˵ܹƷ
ֻڿԷ˾Ȼһֻýʿʱ̷
Ҫ˵µģϵԼָϿǴ䣬ϵеߣĿһֿԿƺϵ
ȻеʱҪķһЩԪǲƴ֣ȱľԪԿǸļýʿ֮Ͼ뵽һӡ
һͻȻϮǸļýʿ߶ԷȨȻͻȻ͵ϮǸļԳޡ
˵ǸļԳ޿ȥҪӾ޴󣬲ۼʵӦûȲǸļýʿһϡҲ֪ĶŪġ
ţ϶ǸһЩ۲ŵõļսʿģȨһļԳ޻ֱӸɵǸҲ衣
Լһûж֣˵ĶȥҲռ
뵽ҲԼֶЩݣԸֶˣҪֺвܼЧ
˼֮䣬ǸļԳѾǵǰֱײҪײ顣
Ѿú÷ļԳȻ·һСɽ޴󣬵ԿҲ޼¡
صһ졣
ļԳ޺ݺݵײεĿϣ͹һԶ
ڱļԳһȫײҲǻζ˼£һ˿˿ԪƣҲǽ˶ѣͱļԳޣҲɻƶķ
˷󣬻жһ˲ļԳƺĳһҽһ
ĹûмӳķƬȻǶ󣬵ҪһԻɱļԳҲǿԲ󡣲ļԳ޻ԵĻǽʣײĹ̵УԻȱɱ
ļԳΪԪļѾǱͨūӵһǻۣ˿Ҳһ˿ɺ;ɫ
ܿ죬ļýʿǰ׶߿ȥļԳҪС̫࣬ɢƷǿ
ýʿṳֱ̂뵽ķΧ֮ڣվĽ֮⣬ͻȻٶ｣ڳһ̬
һ̣ϵԪԽŨɢһҰ֮ýʿһȻӽصն˷ϡ
ৣ
ýʿĽԲͨɫһնƤһȻԼķѾơ
˶ܿͷ·һ͸ĲܵػϾҪһ㡣
ʵѾļýʿԲһ㣬ѾԺ׼弶ĹᲢۣȻҲ˶ˡ
Ȼֵסһ£Եֵסڶ¡
ҵ˿һĻһ󻶺һĦȭƣ׼ǰǸļԳҲվýʿ֮׼ǰ
ĲѾŵ׼ʱ˽ʬӭУĲ۹ⶾȻó˽ʬԸļԳӦûԣǶǹŹֵýʿȴûһ˿ʤ㡣
ʱͻȻԪ䵱Уɢһֲ֮
֮еϢǸļýʿһʱӦ׼ڶεĹͣ£̧ͷ׼ȷ˵ָϵ䡣йշսʿľ飬ǲ֪ܲշļýʿ
ûʧ
Ǹļýʿ˲䣬ڶһ˫ðһɹǻ
ȻսܣһڣüΪɬ˵һҵ
ûҲû֪ԼɹˣΪͨ䣬ѾԿǸļýʿ
ȻˣǾͷһðɣû뵽ƻȻĳɹˣҲļýʿֻļٸߣ˵ҪƶԷҲôˡ
ô£ýʿôˣĿɿڴԾĪովȻʧȥ˶ýʿĿơ
ã˵ʲôͼԭԼһýʿȻһͽļԳ޻ɱ߸û뵽ýʿᷴһüΪýʿҲһʱ䡣˻û٣ҲǱýʿǰһһɱ˸⡣
һƬɹȴһŵô£ôԼˣ
Ǹū֪ķֲΪŰԲŷˮѱİɡܴ۾һڣЩιȥ


ʮ ɽ
ڶû׹⾿ô£ΪʲôԼͻȻʧȥļýʿĿơ
ūͣƣ
ǰ˵û˵
ƵļýʿȻԼһˣɱļԳޡļֱڵѪǿļôˣ
ּ䲻һ䣬ɲǽǺ
ҲûʱȥҶԷ鷳ļýʿͻȻ꣬һֲҲپ񶼱ļýʿɵȡſƬͬʱһļýʿˣ˾Ҫļýʿɱˡ
ò˵ȷǺĲͬĸ֣ʵĲҪȻȲļýʿǶʱڵֵһûκġ
ϽлѹƣһͷŷƬͬʱΧʿҵˣȻЧ󣬵Ҳһ
ڵѾʮȤˣǴٽʦˣûнżҵլԺԼҳһţ˵ҲǺΪпһĻ˶ɫʣôƺԼڳϷǶżҵˣʼնûŲط
Ҷ˰ⶼ޹أһʼǾûж֣ǲҪԽ߻ҪԽߣһкԼеʱߺȵȻѾҪը˷ΣʱҲûʲôӡ
ʱҶҵϢҲ˹һĻҲǲ֪ô£ҲǴûвֻͣЩɻվһԡ
ҶҵҶԼǸܼҲڣ˵ҪԶżҶ֣һǣݹȻǲӲżҵ˻ãݹʹҶ񶫵ѣȻΪŮ˸ɢǽ黹ڡ
ҵҪݹ֣Ҷ񶫲ܲܣҲҪסݹһҶҵʵҪһ㲢¡һΣҶ񶫴һҶҵľҪݹ
ڿݹȻżҵҲûκˣң˿̺һļýʿһ𣬴ذ
ô£Ҷ񶫳ʵܿ죬֮ǰҶҵ̽ọܹ̈̄̿Ҷ񶫱档
ļٵģȻ˸һֽ߾ҵˣҵǿг߻ˣʲôôУ˵ūҪԷôܣ±棬Ҷ񶫵һӦǲţֻʵǰɲš
żſڻһߣҳһţڣż̩ɽ
żʲôʱôˣҶüͷ
һԣҶҵĹܼϸһȻߵʧ˵ʶС㣬֮ǰҶҵҲ
һ£Ҷ񶫸𾪣һ̴Ҷ̽ӿУҲ֪Էǳֶڵϻһ˵ţˣǶԷ
ô죿ܼҲͷһǱǰæģ֣ݹһ¶ûУòŰæ
ȿ˵ҶҲҶҵļΪ¾һҼ壬һȻеģҲˣżҵûһ˿ţȻߵҾֺйϵ
Ҳֻһ²⣬ΣҶҲ֪ȻһϷǴ㿴ȥġ
ҶҵҲһܿҲ˿ͷɢʮǱȻԪļľߣʵǷ˭뵽ԼǧŪǿūͻƣٳѱ䣬һ±˵Է֮ƽżˣԼֵܲܵסļýʿĹ˵
⾿ô£ҧгݣһýʿŸַӵæ࣬еıͱˡ
룬ҪżʮӣʱҶҺ;ʲôҲӦֻҪľѳۣôҾкܶƿɴ򣬿˵ûκι˼ɡ
ѾСʱˣǾȻżҵĴŶûнȥ
֮ǰӲżҵ˶ˣӦ˶Էһ䡮ľ档
ԣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ƺ뵽ʲôɨһ۶żԺˣո˵ˣԷȥʮ
żҵˣûм˵Ǿûôһҿӣ׿ı˿̶ǸΪ
׿ı˭Լһѷ¼ˣȻڵʱﲢرĴڣҲԲܱġһֱһԽУΪԼҪûоѷ¼඼Ҫ߹󣬶˵ѷ¼һ£෴˵һˡ
ڵԪ壬˵Ǳϥһū࣬Ƕͬ壬ȴǰڳһ߸ϵӡ
ԣ˭ı䲻ˣ˵ˣһ۹ģ˿ҲˣǸ߾˾Բͨˡ
żҵ˺ݹƺҪƴˣðͷ֮ݱӣԷ֪ʲôֶΣùľ棬ɣԼļýʿͻȻѱ䣬˵ҲͶԷйϵ
ˣļýʿѱ֮ǰƺһƣĪǸ˸ùͻȻ뵽һĻԽȷ
һߵˣʮıºƿ˵˳˳ˮҪȻҲܽҾӪ̶ֳȣҪ˵еġµѾҪԼıѾѣֵܵסļýʿѾǲˡ
к֡
пɽ֮ǰ֪ͨ˽ܵ۹ǸӳԷɳܵ۹ǰ󣬾һ㲻ҶҺ;֡ʱ䣬ԼĿɽҲӦҪˣֻҪֵܵ۹ôƾͻ̷仯ڽܵ۹ʵ൱ġ
˼ЩͬʱҲˣʮʻͬʱװֱЩǾıһ²ɳ
֮ҲǰһĻŪò֪룬ҪԸżҺųôôһýʿˣ
һЩ֪ýʿūͣȻˣԼԼ
ҲûҶҵһΧ֡
ֹƬ̣ͻȻ֮䣬Զһʿŵһܵ۹ʿͬʱҲһٶ˵Ľܵ۹ͦǿޱȵƣˡ
Ҫ֪ٶܵ۹ȫԪʵѵأһ¾סˡ
һĻЦˣȵĿɽˡ
ĦˣȾңŹͭɫʿ̴ȡ
һ̣ǸŹͭɫʿ̷µĹͭɫһ棬ļýʿк


ʮ ˭Ҳû
ʵϣ淢κ¶Ĺע֮£Ҷ˵˸Ľܵ۹ŵĵ
ǰԲײͽڴ͵Ľɫǽܵ۹ȴҲЩԾ
ոյĻѾ֪һӽܵ۹ҵˡǸŹͭɫʿǸͭɫնɱļýʿҲǸоΣա
ԷʵԪļҪҪǿܶ࣬ˣ³ĹͭɫҲ;޴оӦǷϵһϡеƷ֡ȻϡƷ֣Ȼģһ棬¶ȸߵó棬һļýʿôߺܻܿᱻֱӻɱ
ȻѾͨõýʿĿȨôôôʧиýʿ´Ǻൽżڣ㿪˹ͭɫϡзһϢ
ýʿٶȺܿ죬ոն㿪
û
ϡз·Һһһ½ʮƽ׵һƬ𺣣˿ֲǣһƬȻǲ³ǻ澹ȻϼȼգһжɻҽܻɻҽǱҺ̬ҽ
һĻ˶ŵĿɿڴôһҵԼͷϣҲ̱һŷɻҰ
һ̣ǸĦ˵ķʿѾ޴ķغ󷢳һȫ
ūԵĸ߼¾ǵֻ࣬еպκ塢ԳԲӵзûУпϡз˶¶Ľɫ
ȻҲֻĽĽ˼ǲеģҲңԭܼ򵥣Ϊǽܵ۹ӳĦ˵
¾ǵ߲㣬˭֪Ħˣǽܵ۹פ¾Ķһﲻʣǹʿʿƽʱ¶棬ʮֵ͵ʿ֮ͭʿĦˣܶĸ߼飬Ħ棬Ȼ˲֪
ͭʿĦܵ۹ž͸˹
еһֻڵԪųƥЩƥߴǿ׳ѵ뻮һԱͳ棬˿̣Щƥźͱʿһףȥɱڡϵǽܵ۹սʿеӵԪʵͳһɫİͭɫףͷܺʿͬһ㡣
ǽܵ۹ΪǿţǲҪЯƬͿᣬΪǲҪЩǿ
ǿµ̵ĶƺͷĽκοƬҪʵá
ڵԪܵ۹ﵽʮ֮ڵŴټĽΪĶ۹֮һ
ԣһȻųѹ˵ƣȴ˲ͽ˶ѹȥǾľʿҲָǰо˿־塣
ãǽܵ۹ţȻܵ۹ţ鷳ˣ˵ݹΪһ߼٣ȻǱκ˶֪ܵ۹ŵ߼ôͼȻ뽣ܵ۹ŵսָ㣬óĽǣ½սϣûʲô赲һţϵơ϶̺ǿԪͨӵܶԴ׵κ˺һЩС͵ıըףըŵ˺ҲǼΪޣǻֻԪһԪİţеҲǰٷ֮ٿʤ
Ȼ֪ͨʲôֶε˵Ԫţһɿֲ£⻹е
ҶҺ;ҲЩŵĶ֣ǾҶҶĶƽʱͽܵ۹ĹϵҲܺãԴ˿Ҷ񶫺;һǰʺŵָӹ٣ǸͭʿĦ
Ҷ뽫һǰΪ˵ҪһЩеİ࣬ά¾ǵΰҲǽܵ۹ϢϢأҲŻ콣ʿϣûдŵλͭʿĦȻȴܸ߰˵ʱûд
ֻҶһǾûбʲôԷҲȷŵıǮܵ۹Ȼ¾ǵѹϵǾҲ֮֡
Ϊ
ʵǿ߾֮˵зȻҪӣֻѴһбҶҺ;ŲκβΪǲңĦýŸȨ
ҶҺ;ûʲôĦǽĿƵ˶ż˿͹վĦߣҲǷߺ޵ĶŶżˣǱ˱ɱС
ѱļýʿӵ˶Է󣬺ԸոյһǸģ𾪵ͬʱҲһ˿ɵԷһһԼʧأԼһ˻﷭ڣǲ²ˡ
Ϊû˵еùʿţҲû˸֮ΪС
ĦˣЩ˾ﷸǲԿɱˣǻҵūͣΪ˿̹ĺǸĦС˵
ߵ˵ͷȻһµͭ޴ͭż˷ȥ
ǷֿɣҼĵ飬Σǲв¾ΰڡĦֱ˵仰һ
ž޴ͭĦĲݹ񶼸о˾޴ѹֻңǲºͶԷͻǽܵ۹ӳôͽȻͬˡ
ôûκ˸ҰԼ¾ܵ۹ǸһȵĴڣҲռõһͶ˵ʵеʱ໹Ҫָܵ۹ṩṩһЩԪ֧֡
ô죿ʱɫ֮ǰһߣ͵סڵˣǲ֪ʲôȡ˶ԷļýʿȨԽܵ۹֪ܾҲˡ
˼أĲʱҲûˣɽ뵽֮ǰֶΣԳʵ
Ȼ̫ԸϣǺʣʿҪԤ̫ˣĲ֪磬żҵĴΣڵϦһȥҵ˱ȻŹǣֿҲԲܵסʿŵĹ
ݹû˵ͬΪܵ۹Ľ룬ǾҲˣֵµʿǵ˵ϧԼŻĻ⣬Զˮⲻ˽ʡ
˶֪УٲȻѾ˼˵ĹǡҲЩͷֻۣһңȻǲ£ǽܵ۹ңЩ鷳ˡֻˣ־ܵģΪǵɱ
ҲѶ֮ˣܿףȴǳ˭ҲûãǾ仰


ʮ 
Ȼô˵ԼĿȻֵסͭʿĦٽŵĽԼʦԣȻǲУҪԼ־ҲԲܡ
ͬĲ˵ģȷ˳׼ģܵ۹Ŷˣûκٸ֮Կ
ϧΨһһ㣬ǾĴڡ
Ԫؾʥ֮һϣװҵ˵ܵ۹һӳˡ
ѾˣҪʱֻչֳԼȫʵʱ㲻УҪŶĲݹǰȫ뿪¾Ҳǲ⣬Ҳûκξɫͬʱ˦ʮ󿨣޲ͼӹ̸ոյķ
СӲĦǰ㻹˷Ҫսһۣһ
˿ЦϷʣԷԽԽãֻҪŭĦˣôԷı£ҲǱɡ
϶־Լû־ٳսթˣûһ˿øУ˵һ仰ٲԷ
Ȼ֪ǰ滮ߵĵطйŹ֣ɲɵ϶ԷգôҺͷ̣ҲùǺ뵽Լļһɱһѱ䣬ֱѪ⣬޷ĺ⡣
㡭㣬Ħˣ⡭ԼǰֻǹĦ
ͭʿĦû˵Ϊܵ۹ӳʶȻĲҪ࣬ϲ󣬵Ħȴϵóո˦޲ҲˣоޱȣЩɡ
ԷһʦһҲĦ֮ŷֵģҿӣԲǼϰʦһʦ˲żڽܵ۹ҲǼ١
һųҲΪҵ˽һСæԸģԼټϽŵƣ÷սκ˶ŵƨͶ䣬û뵽ԷûͶһڳһĵļƣĦһʼû뵽ġ
һĸ֣ҲԷ˻ɶԷһʦǾˡ
ڵԪйôһ˵¼һǿ۹һʦԷǱǸ۹׶ɱڴսʿΧ¼ҹ
һˣԿһ۹ȥЩ˼飬ȴʵ
˵ǸʦǸ۹۹֮Żɱ¼Ǹ۹ҲԪˣӴ˥ܣǵʦǿޱȵְҵ
˵Ǹʦֻһļʦ弶ʦһ˾ͿԸɵһ۹ˡ
ǰӦûһʦĦҲִ󴫵ʿԼҪеܴεġԷ˵һȺʮĶͻôԼѹҲѭʿС塯׼򣬾ǹʿ֪Ҳǣôʹˡ
ʲôУĦȻ֪֪ףҲţδ˵
˵ĦҲ뽫ֵ̫Ķͷ˾ʿֹһεĸǣҪѭܵ۹ʿоһһҫϡСȻΥʿ׼Ĺ涨ڽܵ۹һΪʿҪѭʿ׼Υ׼ĺΪء
Щԥ
֪ʿ׼ʵ֪Ҳ֮Աǣ˵ʿ׼ͺĵ׼һǸһЩظ֮׼Ķ׼طĵ׼򣬾ͲнҵĻԻ͡
Ϊ⣬ܵ۹ʿ׼ҲһĶֻڵ²棬ûһ˿һԼֻҪ㹻棬κ׼򶼿Ա̤νǮʹĥ
Ҳûϸоܵ۹ƶȣȫע͸ϣΪһ·ôģȻΪܵ۹ҲǺһΪϡ
ֻһȻʧˣҵв֪ĦȻͬǰ󣬵ǲĶ䣬ǶԷǸղĦԺԥڹ˵ýʿһ
۲ȻǿǸͭʿͻȻֻԷûжƺԥʲô
˵ʵڽܵ۹ǵĸоҲΪԪؾʶˡ
뵽棬öԷУ¹䣬ֵཻˡº֣ͬ鶼ִ׺ֹͣеˣԽܵ۹ӡá
˿̿Ǹͭʿƺ㶯䣬о뵽һֿܡ
ԷҲֻģҵĴ֣˵ˣƤһˣܵ۹ˣ϶ƵֱͶʵϽԼڣôҵ˵Ѿɹˡ
¾нַľ󣬾ԲżȻ¼˵¾ɽܵ۹ͬƵģܵ۹Ŀ⹥࣬ôҲӡ
ԼһΪֹûȫƵһǲΪԭ򣬲ŻĦԥ
룬ǲǣԼ߷ǰסһԭǾǲԼѾ˵ˣǶżҵ˽أȨδͬⴳʩýʿԼҲ˵ףԼͶֵܹ˭ͷϣ
ԼĴɽĦ첻ҲЩˣæĦˣŹЩﷸǷǳΣգǸݹܻ¸Ǿеİ࣬żҵɱҲӵܣڸղţԷʹǸļýʿҵˣ˰ǵĴڶ¾˵ڽܵ۹˵һ־޴в
Ħֵֻߵڰ׵˵Է֡
ĦһҲˣ¶ȴ˵¸ͻ¸˵ɱǾɱˣ˭ˣΧûκйĶв˶ˣҲУǸļýʿٻūͣôūɱˣҪͷϣ
ҲǸĦ϶˼ɣȻˣԾͺǡȻԷִ⶯֣Ҳ¡
⻰ҪĦԥˣͬ˵ģҵģԷͬɷһ㹥ңչֳһġвôҪоݣʿʿ˵Ҳ¡
ʵȴǣ˼վԼ˽ϣûҲûҪֵļƣֻǲ˷͹⿨ǲᱻģ˵ýʿȻ֪ô£ĦҲ֪ȷū͡


ʮ ¼ƽϢ
Ҳ˵ԷȷʲôûҲûвκ˵İȫʿʿŹͿ϶ᱻץסѱҪǣĦʵҲҡ˵ˣҲֻһЩ˽ÿ¶˽¸ԪŲ¡
ĦȻԴ̬ʮְʿӦе԰ԺУҲ˵ʲô׾Ͷ֣ô϶Υʿ
ôµĽʿţȨִӳ
ĦϾͨˣ룬˰취˵ɣ˳ܵ飬ҵ˸ո˵ǵĿߣûҲ³Ƕʣ𣿡
һ߾ȹİ취Ƚ˽гңԺ£ĦѾ⣬ٹܡʵ¾ÿ춼ָᷢɱ˶Ȩ¼ܵ۹ҲȥܣܲȨܵ۹һ㲻档
ҲԼײˣֻҪȵ˽⼸ץߣԺĦ϶ͣ˽ɱˣҲĦûйϵ
ȻҲɵӡ
ǰɣܺãҾҵ˲ңȻҪʣҲʱѡطˣʣ˲֤ôҲ֤ܵˣԽܵ۹ʿ϶ṫµģЦ˵
ͿĦĹˣԷ뵱ӻƷƫƫöԷôȻܵ۹Ҳ˭ôֱеˣе湤ĦȻˡ
Կ϶Ħһʿʵϱ϶ҵĺôôԷôסżңԸΥĦû뵽Լ߻Ӳ
⡭ĦҲЩˣôֻΪ˿㴦ºó뿪û뵽ԷȻôһ˵ʵ࣬ûмǰֻ࣬ҪǼԼޱ𾴣ֿҲһЩٸС
һǴų磬ҵĵ˼Լţ϶̾ͷû뵽첻µزµʲôðԼϼʵΣչȻֻԷĽ飬ϾҲë
һʱĦӳЩﻢˡ
ңҪðŴյģҲýϾԼҲٺôģҲԲųȥҪ֪ܻ¸Ҳʿֹġ
ҶԷһʦԼ޹Ա峡ȻǿʱҲδܻɱԷһʿô鷳ˡ
ʱ򣬴һɳһӷʿ
һӷʿǽܵ۹ʿСӣʮõĶ۷ڽܵ۹زһϵǧǧ֮䣬ϵﵱƫСһ֣СҲϵսʮ㡣
Ѿ˽ܵ۹һսԴͨᱻѱɷʿڽܵ۹Ҳϡ٣Զʮʮĵţ¾ֳɽƵķʿСֻһӡ
ʿСӵָӹ٣ǹʿܵ۹¾ָӹ٣˿̿Կʿǰ档
ʿͷʿСӣĦһ֪鷳ˣתһ룬Ҳǰ˿ҿԼûж֡
֣ôһʵԼΣҶԷ˵Ķ¾вôٳͷܻǣܺôûж֣ôһж˵ˣֻΪֹ¾ڶһվȽš
Ħ˸ɫȻͭԾ£ֱվһԡ
ʱֻҪɵӣ֪ټżˣȻҲû뵽ֱʣջ𣬰йĦ𲻼֣һͽ˵¶ˡ
Ȼô룬Ҳ֪ԼָԷҿӽĿ޷ˡһ뵽ҵʧһĳ嶯
ݹûŪżҲúõԪδˣңʮˣԼļūͶһһѱ䣬ⲻǾ޴ʧܴ衣
ٲģҲʲô춯ˣΪʿˡ
ܿ죬ʿʮʿڳ˶¶ٽ˿ҲǳŹʿ
ǹʿ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣ˵Լ¾ǵʱ򣬾ײʿһ
ò˵ԷʵǿʱҲǽԼƲֵܵʿڵĴ֡˵ʱȽɣóʿʱûɱ֣ҲûжģԷģԼδȫˡ
˿̹ʿȫڣһԹ˿Ҳʧ٣Ҫһ׾ͻûһԹӵзе
ͭʿĦ˽ԴϽһĽͣʿһֱʵڽܵ۹˵ǱȽֱӣΪֻҪʿҪʿ򣬶ʿǲѵġ
ĦȻ׼ǰʿˣҵҪ׽ǵеﷸ޷ѳ־棬Ҵǰά򡣡
ʿȻ˵ǲ̫⣬ҡͷͭʿĦ׼ǲ޷ӦԵĵ˺Σգ¾ܵвǲŻ棬ѵˣҪ˵ֱӣ׽ﷸʵ޷ŷ
ǣ̾ŷǵľӪĦȻҶײʿһα˽Ȩ£һ飬û뵽ǳô鷳
̣ϣŻȥ⣬۹μʥǲԵԱѾҪϵ¾ǣٺͻᵽҵĲ£ҲͬμʥǲԵĵ۹ӢҪҳԱǰʿ˵꣬ĦѾһͷ亹Ҳһ̷ڶפأԼҲͭ˻ȥ
ʿ˿żԺ¶һ˿ȵɫȻҲﲼ˿ֻǹʿҲûж˵ʲôһ֣һʮʿҲһߡ
Ӧ֪ǽܵ۹ԭһ벻Ҫǵʿ£ʿһε˵һ䣬ȻֶҶ񶯺ͷ뽫˵ͷżϵĹһԾߣֻһĿɿڴˡ
ߣԼĿɽҲˣ֪ǳʧʧˣΪԼͿԸ㶨鷳ĦҲֻΪڱǰһԼ͵ʴףǶۣʧء
Ҳٽżˣ˵ģѱȥļýʿԷѾԪļԼô
Ȼˣߡ
ȻܿƣҲнĳɾ͡Ҳûҵ뿪£Ҳܶôγ˴ķңԼ߲һ㻹׬һļ


ʮһ Ĺʿ
Ѿж֤ʵĲݹѾǱʶͬΪ˿ȻǺöԷ˵ûпڣҲס˵
ҵһߣѾջ󿨣˷͹
Ҷ񶫺;Ǹ뽫ʱ˹ǱǰæģţǷһԿ˰֣־ȻǰͶĲԼݹк
ȻǾҶңΪݹ񣬿ݹҲ˿Ǹ뽫˵ҵύܻ¸֤ݣǲţҪ黹ҪģȻ޷ס˵죬ʱ䣬Ҫίһ£
뽫ʮ꣬ݹ˾ˣȻǺάݹΪһˣȻ¶뷨
һԵҶݹļѣ㻹ҵ֮ǰûƭ㣬ϺȻ䣬Ӳ˵ľҲûἰǰѾǰԪؾϵ㱣֤Ϻһݷ㣬˵ãŮҲܵģ
õ£Ҷ񶫵ȷǶݹΣҪȻҶҼݣôһٽױС˺üݹôȫǽ飬͹ٽ޹ء
ֻҶ񶫲֪ݹʹ֪õĽˣһֱѹͷɢˣ˿Ҷ񶫣Цûϵ֮ǰҲΪã㷢һͨƢ˵ôҵĳ٣һҪһϢû£Ѿ˽⵽ˣ
ݹԼݵº⣬ֻԼŮֻҪŮû£κ¶˵ʲôˡ
ʲô֪ýˣĶҶҲǴϲûϷΪҹϵܺãҲǿóģȷǽõ˸Ů
£ݹͽ˳ȻЩģҶϺһЩкܶϸھҶ񶫶֪
ϵܣǴĶ֪ЩģϢɿ𣿡ҶҲλȨߣȻµĿŶȺܸߣҪȷһ¡
Ҹųģʱվ˵Ӹղ˵ĶԻҲ֪˾ȻҶϺĸףҶϺȻ䣬һ뵽ԪؾС
Ҷʵ͹עˣܼ˵֮ǰҴС㣬ҸոҶ񶫿Ϊڣ˵ļƻʧܣ˵Ҷ񶫻˾ʲô˲õֶΣǺʣһˡ
ǣҶ񶫿ʵ
ҽ֮ǰȥҹҶϺҶƺ̫ÿͣҶҲû̫øУҲΪ֮ǰľ
Ҷû뵽ôӣֻԷ˵ʵҲֻһЦ֮ǰ£ܼ˵ˣܱǸǲȷ˵ģԲš
ҲüۣҶϺģȻԷڣĸҲ֪Ϊʲô䣬Ҳ
£ͷͶĲԼݹкֱ뿪ҶһЩԼŮƺһ֣Ľʶһ£ҶƺɼƬ֮ûӰҲֻա
ҶΣֱǱصֵ꣬һϱȥҶϺȴû뵽ô£󶼽ˣõĸסлᣬýӹǸŮžۣӦҲһ顣
˿ɫѾҪΪļߣǼ첻˯Ҳûκ⣬ϢҪϢġ
ڶ磬˿֪һϵдµĹ˨ӺС꣬ճ꣬⼸Ҳǳװ֮ǰ֪ⶼΪ
ԼоԪоʦĵȼ飬Կ̵⣬еʱʦԪȼҪжߣΪǶԵеʱ򣬻ҪֻҪöӦĿôһǧҲ̸Цȡʤ
Ҳ֪ԼڶʦĵȼЩǸͭʿĦעһٽŽôͶĵֵסʱԼҪôսȫֵҪôߡ
ʮԼڵʵսȫҲٽĶ֣˵һͭʿĦ
ԼʵЩˣʦԲóô˵ǸĦҲ¡
ֻҪʦȼԲô򵥵£оһ죬ҲûرĽչɫһ߳䣬Ѿ׼ţһ˷ܵı϶
˴кǿų뿪¾ǣҪϸоһǸļýʿڳȻ㣬ڹϰ֡ҹҲǼֲ֡
¾ʮĵطˣֱӽļýʿٻūƽ׵ģȻҪúá
ܿ죬Ǹļýʿ͹վǰ޴ʮִ׳ϵȻȥʮƾɶЩط⼣߰ߣǺʷˣ˿һֳֶܣһֳֽͬӵߡ
֣ýʿȻϡԪļɫƷѾڳɫƷʣȹƷʻҪһȼ
սýʿѾԶԸͬĵˣȹһ㶼ļýʿΪ׼弶ŻǺ͹һǿ
ֻϧļ˵ҲǼΪϡٵģһδģƬ٣ҲֻǵõһŶѣҪýʿ׼弶Ȼʱǲеġ
ˣҲӵΪǿūͣһһýʿټԼǸԪ弶ҲаպͶԷӲˡ
ʱͻȻ뵽һƻ˵ɹʿôԼΪʲôŪһʿأ
뵽ȡٻ˳
˿̹Ѿ׼弶ͱǰӾ޴ȻûǸڿƬ׹ʱֵԪ弶ҲһЩࡣĹӵ޾ʹࡢȻ󡢺ƣԣǹе㣬ǺϵȣҲȱ㡣
ȱϵǿĹֶΣǾǻϢͬǸǿŵĻϢˣͬǸĦͭ³ͬҺһĳϢȻǲ³ģһûⲻսֵ
磬һ֣һĹʿˡ


ʮ Կʼ
¾һٹһ֣¾о̸֮ɫĺɫΣΪһƬֵͼĹﶼԪԪĹＫΪձ飬ãԪļĹ
Ϊܵ۹Ĺϵ¾ǵľҲ֪Ԫ磬֪Ԫֶ
ĿǰԪ͵Ԫ֮ȻѾںһ֣ǲȫ˻ԪֶڡԪݣǿԪͨĿǰҪԪһҪԪûκ⣬ԪҪһЩˣԪݵһЩǿͨԪļҪͨԪݾͲˡ
ֻЩ¾ǸȴãΪʥǵĹϵԪʮϡԻһЩԪļ룬ȻҲԪˣһֽϻغϵԲȦ¾ǸԪġ֡
ʨǲͬʨǸûԪļȴУ˵ΪʥǣΪܵ۹ȥǵļƣڱˣڣʥǺͽܵ۹κǿֲԪ弶ĺҽ¾ǡ
˿һƬֵһͷͳʮףشֵһͷβͰſһƬյϿʳһͷոɱ
һͷβǱ׼ļϼӲصۼԵֵڵĹһΧĻɫ˿ͺΧľʯΪһ壬ҹɫ֮£ϸҲʲôߡ
ʱһͷβƺʲô̧ͷһͻȻͷһ޴ĺӰβ滹ûӦͱһ֧޴צķڵء
ϼ̵ۼ״˿ҲĿѰݣ˴̱ǵѪҺ罦һأڽβּ˵˸ʲô෴˺
ոµĺȻһֻ޴ĹڹϣһֳֳƵʿʿֳִܳǽβոշʱ򣬾һ̵βҪڵϷ²ű
ԶһŴһ¼ھͽսҲǵ˵ͷβʵļٮٮˣýʿ͹ϣûκηҲ˵ļﵱУýʿ͹Ѿɨһ弶ˡ
ȻһЩĶ֣ӵ⿨ƬľߣֻǿޱȵѧͽͲͬˣôūһ棬ռ˾Եƣ鷳ūܷӳþǷǳˡ
֡ʿսֱӷ¾ǣһʱ䵹Ƿƽ˾ݶ˵һγ˴ҾȻҲͣûʲôĶݹݣҲھҶҵ׷ˮʯݹְ
Щ˵ѾͷȴˣҪӭҪʥǵĲԡ
ͶѾһ۶ܶΣ˭֪ʥѧͽı׼ʲôԼԵһЩ׼Сľ飬ʵܸûġ
ʱһת۾͵ʥǲԵǰһ졣
ҶұڣҶϺոմԪؾ˿ϵƱһǰҪǿٲȻһﵽԪļľߡ
ҶϺ¾һЩеľһԪؾһʱ䣬˳Ԫһٲģֻ֮һʣµˣԪؾ
һλˣҶϺΪ˻μʥǵĲԣ˿ڵ¾ǾӢеľӢ
Ҷ񶫵һʱ֪ŮĹæ˻ֻǿҶϺ־Ů˱仯Ȼûб仯Ǳ֮ǰӱ䣬ƺѽӽҶһİС
ףѾ˳ԪļһʥǵĲԣڱصãҶϺƽ˵˿û븸׾ñӷ׽С
ããϺʵ˵ƽʲôǿҺ費ָҶңֻϣܹҸҶʮִ飬ǴȨյҶҼ¾ʵȨ֮һŮǰȴֳ˸׶ŮĹġ
ҶϺ΢΢üͷһ˿ãܿһ˿ãʧ
ףǲգҪúϢ׼ûб£ȻطˣҶϺȻ˵ʲô׼뿪
Ҷ̵һ£գмҪ㣬ǰʱҹ㡣
˵ģȻ
ѣʲôѣҶϺʵ
˵ǴǱ߹ģ˵ʶãҶһ˵һϸ۲ԼŮʱҲ˵Ҳ֪˲飬Ȼ˵ѵĿԲ󣬵ҲҪŮõ֤ʵС
Ҳʶʲôףûб£ҪȥϢˣҶϺûκγɵĻشһ䣬ƺû˵֡Ҷһ㵣ǵ˵ͷҶϺת˳ȥ
ҶϺߺҶüͷ壬ӺĲܼ˽
˵˭˵ѣҶȻ֪ܼڣѯʵ
⡭Ҳ֪ϣǸ˵ѣܼ룬ε˵
Ȼ֮ǣϣǣʵǡ
ҲϣǣҶ磬֪ŮĪȻԸţȻԼŮ˵ѵĿԸߣҪǣҶԷԼŮˡ
ǰŮɡ£ϲԼ̸ģڣǱһˡ
һ˲䣬ҶֻЩᣬЩ֪롣
ʥǵĲԣͨǲ֪ģֻӵһЩλ˲Żֻ֪־еٮٮߡʵ֮ǰʥǾѾһʸ񿨸ҺżҵŲʸҲǸʱõġ
࣬ܵ۹ĲپҲõ˲ʸ񣬶ֲʸֻʥΧܵõҲΪʲôܵ۹ѡʥǵ潨¾ǡ
磬ֵ˳棬͵һǶμӲԵġμӲԵҪ¾ǵһϣԲܳٵֱȡʸ
ߵʱ͹Ǵ˸кϾδػһڽǰ˵һȽϺá
ǣĲҶȻҲڳ൱ţ뼯ϵʱ仹һСʱҲ֪ˡ
֣˵ʵĽţһȥҲи飡Ц˵Ȼûʲô⣬ǳһ·ʻȻڶĹؿʾ˲ʸ񿨣˳뵽
һ£ܵ۹ƵĶǲģǲμӲԵ˳⡣
һ·ʻֽһѾǷ·Ľ񣬺⾹Ȼ¾
һһ޴Ĺ㳡ʥǾϷ˿̣㳡ϣѾǾۼˣȻЩμʥǲԵġ


ʮ 
˵ĳֻͣڹ㳡⣬Ҫʻ룬һ㶼ǳǰܵ۹ˣǳ֮⣬ԿһЩ壬ֻҪһЩ󲿷ֻǽܵ۹˺ࡣ
Ͷ˳Ĳ˼ֻ뿪
ʱϸһ㳡ʮΰðɫʯ̳ɣÿһʯϣһЩ·Ƴһ޴Ľͼǽܵ۹ı־
ڹ㳡Χվ״ĽʿμӲԵȺֲڹ㳡У󲿷˶˽
һˣǵˣͶ߽ʱԶ˿ǰк
κ壬ԳԣǴԪؾˣȻ˺죬ҹϵܺõӡ
ˣѾ˳ĽԪļκЦ˵ԵУҲһЩӱȶҪ߰ͷʮӡ
ȷֽ׶൱ܽԪļģѾľӢˡ
ʵҺκ壬ʱһȥ϶ҲܽһԳҪȺܶࡣ
˵ͷû˵ʲôκԳҲ¾ĸ֣ΪʺǱѣȻǱܵ۹ɽѵΪϰʿ
λǣߵκʵ
һ㶣漴ͻȻ뵽ĹʿʱΧĴκԳԣ˵øѲߵ񡣶Ǽǵʱֻһͽ˱ˡ
һʱ䣬ҲǷһ˿ȤͷκԳԶеľӢǱǲ̫ࡣ
ʿĿǰֻԼĲݹ֪ˣԶܵϴ
˵ۣ꣬ŪЩΡκԳԣȻûмǵӣǴԪӦѾϳΧԼĴе
˵ǽԪļҲԲԼĶ֣һ㻹ǿȷġ
ϴʲôʱϵϴ󣿡κԳȻЩԾԸ֪ǹһɰģۼǻȲ϶Ͼңв˶Ӹλ˵żЩƲӣǶȴǶżǱһǰİ˽֪û뵽Ȼöϳϴ
һʱ䣬κԳԿĿҲһ˿档
ǲ֪ǰĹʿǹҲϴ
óκ塢ԳǲѣҲ˳һ㣬ǱѣܺͶ浽һ
ˣԪؾôԪļ𣿡ʵ˵ʵЩģ֮ǰûкκһǰԪؾҲΪżкܶҪȵ֮ȥ
ԪؾκԳԵĻϻǴˣ˵˵ţκ˵һȥԪؾ˵УҿĲҶҵҶϺ
ǰ̫ˣֻԪ͵ǵ˵һٲ㣬ֱԳ֮Ϊ̬ˣʷõĳɼ֮һˣҲĴλᣬҺκ壬ǽβųɹԳҲǸп˵
ҶϺ֣΢΢һ㶣֪ҶϺԪؾû뵽ԷȻֻλ͵ǵһٲ㡣
ûȥȻʱκƺʲôԪؾ˵һ飬˵ڲ֮ǰֻһε͵ǵ˵һٲ㣬ǲ֪ǼˣҸоӦǴԣôһξ͵ɹ
һΣûȥԪؾκԳ֮ǰĽҲ֪ҪǶôĲף˵һҪǧԪķãԪؾ꣬ʮʮζûгɹӣԿһ㡣
ôһξ͵ǵһٲ㣬жôĿֲ
һ£˵ǲ֮ǰ£ô᲻ϴ
ͻȻðôһ󵨵뷨֮ǰᵽԪؾƺһǰսġֻûи߹ǼεɹģǿҪ˵˭һԵɹǶֻ뵽
һۣ֪ڲѯʵʱ򣬲˵ҶϺξ͵ɹҲʵ̫ˡ
ҶϺǸҲǵĽ̸֪ҵˣ˵Ķӣ˳϶֮ǰɵ׵ܵܡ
벻Ҳô͵ˣ˵òҪ鷳򲻹ϼһɸɵ
ʱԶһ˹һ˶Ŷһһʧ϶
ȻԷ϶ˡ
ֻǿ˶Էһۣ㲻ٹע˵ԷҲѾԪļ벻ķۣ˿ǱһߵһŮ˸Ŀ⡣ԭܼ򵥣ҶϺ
£ĶļȻ˹ȥһ㶣һҲҶϺƺʶһԵκԳԸ֪е
ϴȷͰҶϺǳıˣСӼδڨĻǣû˵ҶϺ鰡κ弱æ˵
ʲôүүϴ󶼵ˣҲˣϴʶҶϺȥкģһ뵽ţĶһ˵ӣǼޱȣΪ£öޱȣżѾˡκ塢ԳԵĹϵϵҲûʲôڶͬʱѾҶϺǰ档
ҶϺʵ̸ʲô飬෴ϤãҶϺµľһǧС㣬Ҫչ˵ӡ
ڣҶϺȻӺǰһǸȴȫͬһָо
ָо˵İ
ҹɭֵǸ޴иоҲԪؾǸڴΧĺӰϸܵڣָоҶϺϡ
˵ʵҲֶֻԪӦﵽ̬˲ܷҶϺĲͬѰ֮⣬ЩͨѧͽˣҲ˿쳣
ҶϺҲҲܸоͨߣϣȻǸоһ֡ͬ࡯ϢϢҪһԭף¶һ˿΢Ц𣿡
û£ֻ·ɨҶϺһۣɫĴӶԷ߹ѾȷҶϺ⣬Ǵ⣬ɣĳǿռҶϺ壬ȻѾҶϺȻûҪٺʲô
ֲõʱöȥֲҶ˵䣬ҾڸոգоԼ䴥ƺһ㲻ܿƵĻ뿪ҶϺƺ׷ʱһû뵽鷢ˡ
ͼϣҵˣһŷŭͷһȻǸԪؾ鹫ݾȻƯԶȻǸմһ


ʮ 
ǷݹߣվŸߴޱȵİǸǿԪ弶
üͷû뵽Ȼ¾ˡ
ԪؾУһԸŮ׷·ӣǱû뵽ò˵Ԫ綼ںһںϺҲʵ̫Сһ㡣
ӵпֱӿԪȼȻһ۾ͿǸѾԪļʵȻһµʱԷҲ˳ĵԪһٲ㣬ҿӣԷҲΪ˲μʥǵĲԡ
ǰȻҲһ̣һͬʵʵɱóѾǶɱȣֺγǣԪµôʱ䣬ȵȴǶԷǵϢβðԾ
û˵˭һεͿϵʣԷĳɾ޿ºͰûʲôϵǣԷĳˣʹˡ
ҲһĽɫܳΪʥϣװĴ֮һô֪֮ɶԷɳǶ˵һ޴вֻ֮ʧȥ˶ԷټҶҲû뵽
ھ붯ָɵԷԼʥݺԪ弶ʵǵɱһˣҲ̫⡣
ɱϣһԷݹҲһ˻
ҲԷҪ֣ȡһ󿨷ͬʱʱ׼ӭսǰֵܵĹڣԷҪɱԼҲԲôףҪԼôҲñԷ
ֳһɱ֮ڹ㳡Ҳܵ˫ղԣǰԪ弶Ϣͷų˶ȵ˵Ȼǲֲ֪Ԫ弶壬ΪʲôͻȻҪһ֡
κԳҲһֻǵʵڰ£޷ʲô
Ҫʲôˣǽܵ۹أʱͻȻһӰٳ˹վߣ˦һſƬγһԪܣֵɱ
Ҳһ㶣ʱȻ˸ҰԼתһȻ˾ȻԼԪʵ档
һŽƵףչֳһʣʵϣҲμʥѡεģͿǴϲԪһʲôʱټû뵽ôͼˡ
ԪѾѣʱȻҪæ˵ʷһһԵɹˣ־Ǳ˴ùϵԼĸ֪Ҳ֧Լġ
ûһ˿һԥͳ˹
ףǽܵ۹ҳԱºûϵҺϵ˽£㿪λǷȻǲһҳԱԵҲǶԷ
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ղŶȻֵʮţֻԪҪһԪھףѧͽĳֶοԼ˵Ķ˻ͨ籨ţ̾ͻ֪Ҳðṷ̋Σսھķ߱ˡ
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Уʣ˵ǾȻǷݹ
ʲôʣ˵ѧͽƺ⡣
ݹ˿ɨǱߵһۣȻʣһǷֹ֮以๥ɱ֣
ʣȫѧͽһǡȻˡı飬Ȼ⣬Ѿǵһˡ
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ݹ۾һ԰벻⻹ͦģܺãܰҸɵǧ
˵ݹæסЩͽԷӵǧʯ˵ˣһܣװҪܣҪǧʯһǰֻ̤ԪʥáȻ飬ܸκˣղţЩ˵©졣
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ԪֺĴʱڣҲûֹﰡһʱ䣬ڵ˶ɫŹ֡
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ӣֹֻƺ֪ĲͬĵԪֺɥʬһĹߡ
˿̣ĦͼǿѾȳȥնɱЩóЩ߲һԪļĦ춼
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Ħ˿˿ǷֿϵĻ֣ЩҡҡͷȻǰȥת۾ʧԶĹսǡ
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ת֮䣬ֻʣˡ
Ҳ߰ɣ˵꣬˿ǷֿϵаǰѾ֣ĦˣĦĻߣﵽʮ߷֣ղſУɱһֻһ֣ȷǲࡣ
Ҳǰ˹ȥǰһ·ڣ֮ǰ߹ȥϸȥԿҲһЩߣҲǸոձ˻ɱ
ַѡһ߹ȥǰһڣѡһڣҲ˹
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һʿһϵȸҪһЩΪǴŸöĵףŵ̵䵶ǵжҲ죬
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һʮֻÿֻ˰ɣʱ˵Ҳû飬ǰǼĶԪҪԸЩͼȻûκ⡣
ɱЩҲֻܵõÿķ֣һʵǲʲôֻǿʼʱ仹ǲһʱ˼ǰĹҲԽԽ࣬Ҳʼ˶һ˵ΧдĶһΪڡ
ͬһֻǿ׳ߴ׶Ĳһֻʵ׺أһΧСǱȻǶϰ٣˿һĻֱǰһȺȫߡ
ҲΪˣ˵ĻҲڳУֻߵĻҲûʲôƣʮ˵аϻûǰʮ
ȷһԹһ޴ޱȵԹеĵطͬһۣеĵطǺܴ·һ㡣ܿ죬ͷһȤ飬еʱڣʵ߹ȥ󣬻ᷢеĲ߰еĲĵط·кܶ棬ԪļĹڡ
һĻһݵֲȣʵǿһЩȻҲߣĻķֵŷ֮䣬Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ʮֵʮ֮䣬֮ͬǰһֻҲֻɱ֮󣬾ȻԻʮ֡
Ԫļﲻ࣬Ƿߣﵽʮֵһٷ֣ҲãɱֻԪļǱȱæõķࡣ
ԴƣԪ弶϶࣬ԹǻûԪ弶ԪļҲǺ١
ѡĸܻܿһʱֵճɣ˵ʲô
˵ѡҪ
ƺףڶҪԵʲôˣһǶԪھڶأǶԪĸӦ
ȻҲԶδ֪ԤԿֻеʱ׼еʱ׼һֻһΣȻʺֳ˵ڼǰüԿԤԳĶһôûУȻʧܵĽ
ԤԿҲзӣҪ˵ԪĸӦģԪĸӦԼݻԪʽƵģټϺսתԪԶԸӦԪǿ΢Ĳ΢Ĳһ˸Ӧ
Ȼ֪ӵԶ˵ԪӦ֮ǰĹϵҪʵںһλƽѪҺ֪ǻƽѪҺôô
ôڶصĲԾǡѡ񡯣ѡһֲ̫࣬ΣյĲ·ͨصĹؼ
һ㣬еơ
棬κԳԣҾ͸ҵķߡ˿վһ˵
ղţڿһʵϣѾԪӦҵʵĲڣڣûκԪҲ˵ѡܿڽһСʱջ񣬵һڣȴкܶھζŻ֡
ϴ˵ĶǾĶһͦʮּᶨ˵һ·ϺҲĵûȣȻ֪Ѿϴ󡯣Ūϴڵϵ˼󣬾ȻҲִҪϴ
Ļ˵ôһϴԺʲôˡ
ԴˣκԳȻû˵ʲôͬ˵ʵǺϤ˵֮ǰҲͨʾǿͨһأ˻һЩġ
ҪԣֻڸԼΪĹϵҲû˵ʲô
ڵѾˣѡȷȫֲ̫ΣյĲڵڶȡôֵĹؼҲ֪һ㣬ǿʱ仹磬ʱҲûʲôһֻֻ޷ҲֻѰ·ٲäĿָҪ֪ǴԪ弶ģһС̤Ԫ弶أҪӳǷǳѵġ
Ѿ⣬û飬ͶǲܷʲôǶϴˣȻһ˵Ϊϵɽ͹ڻ£˾Ըֱˬ
ãô߰ɣεȻóԼκԳֻΪѶĨԲû˵ʲô
ҲνǲҲûʲôϷռ˴⣬ѡҲȫκԳԼϡѡԼֻ˵á
˺ܿѡķȥ
ԹһߣĦͼͬ鲻ϵɱȻҲڶزԵĹؼ
ҪǶԪĸӦԹô󣬲·ûһǧҲа˰٣Ҫҵְȫֶ·ȷһ׵飬ֻѣҲһۼۺʵǼǲǿģһڱصáĦ˿ɱһֻ˵
ǰͭʿĦڣѡʲô·һǵٶȣѡˣҲܿٷѰȷ·ǿĹǼ˵ʵκιﶼ͸ǵĻ֡һҲʮŵ˵
ǵȷʵǿֻþܿǾѡ˴ĲڣڽİСʱﶼûһһЩ壬ʮջ
ȻԹЩֻҪעһЩû£ôٻᵢһЩʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ǡ˭Ҫġ
Թĳ鹫ʩչһצֻȫɱ⼸˰ԲһȻԷΪ
ݹһ·ǵĻֿǽҧĦǣҪֵǰʮӦûʲô⡣˿ƨ˵ȻԳߣڷݹǰȴװһСܼ
ǴҪװͽݹˣҪ֪Էĸ׿ʵﵽԪ弶ʥϣװʵȨȻҪͽϡ
ݹȻǵϲ˵ķУΪԼǱ˸߼֡
ˣǸĻҲھ磬ǲҪʱС˵
ڽͨʱͷݾһƻƻģȻҪʵʩҪݹϡ
ƻҵԹﵽԪ弶λãȻһЩֶȥͿԽԪ弶
ôնԷݹȻзӣ飬кܶ鿨һ־ǿԡڵ飬ԶʱڿݾʹһЩ鸽Σ
Ϊˣڽͨʱ򣬷ݹ͵͵ٻһ׷飬ĸһ۶ԷʲôطԵһʱ֪
׷ǳأĸװҲһ֣ᷢԷʮš
ֻ֪ԪĸӦǴʦģͷ˸ƨɺ׷顣


ʮ ˭˭
ѡһڣһﶼǶ٣ЩͶȻǼĿЦζǻòٻ֣κԳҲǻ࿴һۣޱȣ֮ǰǻܲѡȷĲڣû뵽Էѡˡ
Щˣֲ԰˶ҪϴԭԷ汾µġ
һʱҲǼޱȣ֮ǰѡȷߣҪڵڶӱѶȿɾ̫ˣϾͨһصģǾӢеľӢЩҲֻŵ档
ͬһǰĹȺʼո
ڻɱһֻ󣬲һۣȻ󲻶ɫ
ӽԹʼͷһǳεβͣԷϢ۸ҲΪԪŽ̬Ӧԭ򣬲ŷһβ͵Ĵڡ
ȻӦһֿ׷ٵ飬ұһ黹ҪûϢҪĿǣ֪׷飬϶Լͷ鹫ųġ
Էųôһ׷飬ʱԼĶȻʲô㡣
Ҳûֶλɱɢ׷飬鹫ҪԸԼֺγɵһ£֪ԼıŮ˲ԵУɡ
ûжûз׷һ㣬ǰѾ
桢Ȼǲ֪Щ飬һ·ϣֻҪڣѡеʱܻ߰˸ڣѡҪôΣգҪôװ˷ʱ䣬ÿһΣƺѡʵĲڡ
ȴǵǴɱЩǵĻҲǲǡ
߰˸СʱַɺͶǵĻ֣Ѿ嵽ǰ棬鹫Ƕ˺棬ֻĦ˲һ㡣
鹫ݺȻǺܲģѾ㰵ֻңһΪѾͨһЩ̽飬ҵһԪ弶ĳѨʱֻҪһὫȥУںһˣֻǵù
˿Ҫ˵ƵģȴĦǴһʼû˿ϢǵĻҲǰģǹȥļСʱǾȻǱһ׷ϣ˿˵Ļ־ȻǺԼ⼸޼
ôܣĦ˿̴Ŵߺ޵ĺ
ͣ㣬ԪļʵҲ۵ùǺĦʳһҲǵ˼ޡ
ǣôҲô죿
ĪҲҪϢⲻܰҪ˵ʵĦ׼Էʲôɱﵣ֪ȻҳԱʵҪԼԶˡڣĻҲǿǣ⼸ˣκԳԵҲһ
Щʲôˣ
¾ԼЬ䣬ھȻҲԼˣĦܲ
Ħ۵ܲˣЪЪˣĦһ⼸Ԫļִ˿Ǵڴͷ󺹡
Ŀ̵սߴڣǱӿٶҵµĲڣָǿȵжսôʱ䣬ԪļҲܲˡ
ϢаǶ챻׷ˣһϢǻᱻ˱ȥĦҲۣҪҧ֡
˵ĦҲӲţûҪȻڶȡǰʮһ͵ʮʲô棬ҵģϢϢȻһſˣǲŽ鷳һǵͬ
ĦһҲ֪Լ̫ˣλ˼һ£˵ҲӲţ˵ԼռȵĻ֣ȻˣǾϢһ£Է϶ҲҪϢʱǻ׷ϡ
뵽ĦºúûָԪ
ֻĦ𲢲֪Ǹۣھܰٷ֮ѡȷĲڽǰ£ʡʱ޷ġ
һСʱĦ𲻿˼ע£ǷֿƬϵѾ˾޴ı仯˿̣һѾ棬ڶǶκԳԣҲڵ͵
̶һСʱĦϢʱϮϣֱ˻ְǰ
ҲͶɱĹһ϶Լ
ӵгһԪӦȷڶռơʱǰɺͲκԳˣҲǳ׷ˣѾڳﻮôѧͶһϴ
Ҫ֪ǽܵ۹ҳԱϴʲôĨӵģϾܵõʵʵĺô
Ȼ˻ϲ˳
ݹ£СʱǲǸá˿̿ŻְϵҲһȾˣΪүүڶԷ˱񣬵ƾʲôκԳһҲŵôߣ
ǴĵðĲ¾ǣȻʮ֣˵ԼڶκԳ֮ϵģʵǿλǸߣΪʲôŵԼͷϡ
ɵ෴ðݡ
֪һУܿܺǸйأһԼû̵żҺݹ񣬾ǸҵھѾҶ֮ϣΪ¾ǵĵһ
ȻĺǱ߱ȺھͿʼߥ޷Ըˡ
ݹ˵ͷҲʱˣǸϻΪǣȴ֪һֱĶ򣬶֮ǰҲͨһЩ̽ҵһԪ弶ĳѨǵλþﲻԶǹȥԷҲԲԪ弶Ķ֣ʱǰǵĺ·һ£ǰһǱɣ
Ҫ˵ݶݹǵʲãһҲǼ֣˱˷ֿ͵͵Ǳ˹ȥ֪Ԫ弶ǿֽ׶ΣûκһԪļԪ弶Ķ֣ǷݹҲ֪ܺԪ弶ӴҲǱɡ
Ϊ׷ڣԷݺֲܿͨڣ׷˵ĺ󷽣ݵݸһ鿨Ƭʱ״̬һϢѼͲĻᱻԷ֡
ϲȡ
ǰ棬ͶϢȡһƬðʮֻ뵽һڣʮֻ︽塣
£Щ鸽ڷݵ³֣Ȼǵעתܡ
ţŵĻ֣ǲܲ׷
ݺܷ׷׷飬ôֲܷ˷ݺһǵնһʮֻӦЩϢ΢һʹ֪Էʲôˡ
ȻɲȥᣬǱ˷ݺ
Ҳװмһ㣬ԼκԳ׷ʮֻ˹ȥǼȻҪԼǾͿ˭ùɡ


ʮ 
ڸʮնĹܹڵ֮󣬾ͶҲЩԾˡ
ϴҾЩԾǰĹܣ˵⵱иòʲôèɣ˵ܿģȻҲܿ
ҲǰҲ⣡
òЩǹȥԳԸǳȣκѾԺùϵǺͶһСܣʱҲԼĿϾˣѾһ壬һپ٣ؼʱ̿϶Ҫæġ
Щ棬Գƽʱô˵û뵽һ˼ˣһ仰˵ˡ
ʱӦǰһ˿˿ԪȻϡ٣ԸӦ
ӦԪ弶ͷųԪڷݹļƻѾǳˡ
ԷŪʮΪ˽ԼԪ弶ĿȻǽ赶ɱˡ
뵽¶һ˿ϷʵɫȻԷƻǷݹ˽⣬ԴŮӦû벻ּıġ˵ǸӣôթƻҲˣԷͷݹһļϣ϶һļƻ
ò˵һˣ˵Ļмơ
˸ܷ׷飬Ȼỳ˹ٿأΪӻ֣˵κιﶼҪɱҪȻҪ׷һҲ֮ˡһǿߣǴﵽԪļҪԸԪ弶ĹҲûκʤ㣬Իˣݺļƻ˵ͳˡ
ϧƻһʼͱϤˣԷôǲ⣬ҲˣԷҪԼԼҲԷƶԷ
װӵʮֻѣʲộôǹǹȥһԻΪϣ׷ȥʮֻˡ
˵꣬ͷȥ
һҲǼæ׷ȥ⣬ڣҲԽ
˿׷ܿ촩ڣʱѾԿǰ˾޴Ŀռ䣬澹ȻڣԼ֮䣬Կһ޴Ӱ
Ȼ٣ѾһѺھ󽣣Կ쵽ŵٶȣʮֻ鸽ĹնɱȻЩ飬ҲĽɱ
ЩĿɿڴĶ˻˻֣ʾ̹
˶Ǵ֮Ȼ֪ô£Ҳܵ˼ΪǿԪǺɣ̳˹ȡʮ󿨣ռĽﲼһ俨󣬽Լ˶Χ档
һ£еϢʧ٣棬˿Ԫˡ
ϴô£ҲǸŶһϴһϴٲȻͶѾǶ飬ʱҲ˵ʲôȴЦҪǣҽƾͼƣȶһһ϶ͲסʱԪ弶Ĺ϶úдǵġ
Ԫ弶Ͷһϸ֮ǲŻȻͬʱݺĺȫûи˻·ҪϾɱԪ弶ĹǼһҲǶ֣ҲȷԤȻ֪ôġ
ûˣ϶СĹƣүүһһǸʱ˵κԳҲɫ࣬Ͷһͬ飬ǰһЩС飬û뵽ԷôݣҲǺͶԷޣ˵飬ԺǾǳˡ
ȻʶǴ˿ҲŶһĺЦæֹˡ
ģһܣһкϷɿţԷ϶׷ұ֤Ƿݿ϶
ԭܼ򵥣ԷԸԼһʼΪ
һǹһǰķǧʯ
ǧʯķѾĴܣԲܱ¶ȥΪķǧʯԪʥʦкܴ˵ԺԽķΪʦȻǰͷݹҲ֪ûиκˣǴ㰵иɵԼȻ̺ô
ȻˣǷݹ϶ѲԼʬ壬ҵȡǧʯƬǶԷҪĿ꣬ܲ
յϸһ۲ԶŨеĺӰһֻԪ弶֮ǰѾԪ弶ĵ˶֣һǰһǸǰǰȻҪһء
ٲҲԪ弶˵ԼҪԸҲû̫գýʿ͹ɵĹʿ˵һЩϣһֻԪ弶Ĺһߣʮף˻ĴҪһȦͷ޴ǳԳɫļǣȥޱȣϸԿԼǾȻȼգɢŻ棬֮߱ʮ·ͲһСͻ𣬴˿ڲϵð
ΧЩŨȻôġ
ȻʮӣǰĲӰǷݹ
˿Щļƻһ˼ƻɹɹڰȫ򣬳ɹȻãүү˳ɹҲκʧǷݹ֪ĸԣҪ
һ룬ȻԼҪͽݹϰһŴȥ϶Է»ӡ󣬿һˣݹִҪٽ֮ǰݹ˵©飬жϣ϶һ˲õĶΪҪõǷݹŲϧðǰȥ
ȻˣͲˣҪǾʲôرҪ뷨ҪӷүүǴС̵ܷŹκαǿĻᡣ
ֻǲ֪Ѿ㵽俨Уǿ͵͵˹
ȻһͶǿҲһŭ
ЦһԼΪԭѾʱŹˣû뵽˾ȻǸ鷳Ȼˣ⽫ƾͼƣԪ弶֣
ݹԪĸӦ̫ԶȻֲܷڿˣǼǴӾǼ׵ĵط߹ȥѰʬ塣
ʱͻȻͷųһԪ͸俨󴫵˳ȥԶŨеһ̷̤أǷһ̶˻УһͿ˹ķݺ
һ̣ŷݺ˹ȥ
ãʵϾʥصһλ̾Բ˿ԱģоΣգ˦ſƬ
Ƭһ޴˺һܣ˳ֶܵڷݵǰһ̣Ԫ弶Ĵֱײһ֮ϣֱӽܺȫײ顣


ʮһ Ǳ繷
Ԫ弶ߵĳײεȵǿݹոռķͱҲǱײľ޴ȥʮԶݻãʱشǧʱֿëԽԻһȴѪ֮һײΰأˤñӶˣڵϰû
⻹ֻǴײֶ˺ǱǴߵıײϣݺ̾ͻᱻײȻԪļֻ弶ߵһȼǴǿȺϣֱ̫Զ
ݹ˿ɫ䣬ðչѲ飬˿϶Ѿ弶߸ɵˣҪҵԷĿӦòʲôû뵽ʬûҵȱ߷֣Ѿ⣬һһԪ弶Ĺû֮һս
ֻҪ̸ףһͷϳԻ澧ǵĴߴ˿˻һͷֱӳſƮķݹһڻ档
ǷݴһæܣȻյҲǱɡ
Ϣ棿俨κԳʧе൱ӵзʿȻֻϤû뵽һҲֻ档
˵ǣ桢ҲˣȻһԪ弶ĴйŹ֣ڲǲ̽ʱҪȵ˷ݹ֮˵
Ϊ˸õĸۻֲһһ²ǹһЩеҲ˵ˡ
棬ݹѾԪ弶ߵĹϾҲԪļĸ֣ոһײܵס˵˿̱ˣһѪսûʧȥ
˿Ϊ˱ҲǲȡƬҪסһ߸ԼȡߵĻᡣ
ܲʵȴܲпᣬô뷨ӣӲԪ弶ߵĹüζЩɵò˵ˢӵģʵȻȶκԳҪǿǱҲ˿ѷɫҲвϡǿĿƬγɾ޴ʯܣٻֻ籩ԪսǿԪ弶κֶΣƺʹˡ
ȻĽƻȻҪ·ݹԼߣ룬ÿҪߣǱߴ߶øֶνȥҲΪݺһǣһߣֻһ˵Ļͱ߸ɵˡ
ϵĿƬϼ٣˿̾ݹҲŵûʧɫȻɱ˲գۣԼȴر
׼һʱ˦һſƬ
磬ɱֻݹһĿƬ̻һŴĺɫ磬˲һߡһŴﵽļķǿһ弶ﱻУҲˡ
ݹΨһ뷨ߡ
һԷˣӲһȻֻˣϵһЩۼѪǼŭһߡ
һ̣һ˦βֱͣӳпеķݹ
壬壬ֹܵҲ˼󣬵ݹͱ޴βһɢƬ
ЩƬ±ӣȻܹһҧȥȻ̵һƬյʣµһƬǱߣЩƬͬɥ֮Ȯһӵȫشżѵ¾ۺһγһСһŶһ޹ķݹģ
˿ݹͷɢǱ繷ȴҲǱ˵ӣղȻסʵʧ̫˵סֻҪʱ䣬ʵָܻ
ݹǹ˲ˣ˿ѵȡһſƬٻһԪŨսʿȻһ뵽սʿڿʼϢʱ䣬ַֻܿʽָˡ
ƴԲбһûôˣŷݱ飬ȴûһҪԮ˼ȾܣһᣬǿɾӲˣԼͽݹȻ˺档ֻϧԪļߵٶȸ죬̵ݵһ̸֮Ԫټ׷
һЩŵӣ֮ǰһݹæǣƣھʣһ׷˻иã
¾ʮ֮һӣҲ鼱֮£ȡһſƬҧ
һſƬȻǻһѪһ½ҧ£󲻶Ťѣһ
ԼǼߡĵ֮һѪֿƬΪϡ٣һļڷǺһĸ߼ҪֿƬҪĳλȻԽλѪһʵڶʱڴﵽ׼弶ĳ̶ȣһܾ˵Ĵ򷢡
һſƬΣĹͷʹãû뵽ΣĹͷȻô磬ô죬ôͻȻ
ʵﵽ׼弶Ѫǰ赲ߣ˿ڣǱߣ֪ԼѪȻǿԻɱκļ֣Ƕ弶ɲǶ֣ӵȫ򣬷ȵѪɵԼıˡ
ڣѪʵȷǿ׼弶ʵֻǱԪ弶һ㣬Ľ֮ǰشһ
ȵ뱩ŭĴһڻѪŷԼҪ׷ɱѾܵûӰӡΣһԪ弶Ĵֻ»棬йһŷĳѨ
俨е߷֪㲻Ҳ϶˲ƤǷݹڣʵܣҪԼҲ䵽һأȻûͬǡ
ݹѾˣǳһûҲ϶Ԫ
һԪ弶Ĵߴ˿Ҳ˲ˣԪ弶ǿָܿͿԽƻָ
ȥҳȥʱͻȻðһ뷨
һԵУͷһԪ弶ȻɱһͷԪ弶õĻֶȻһ֡
ĳȥɵߣȻҪȡ֣Ҳ뿴ԼڵʵΣԼĹʿϣԪ弶ʱжսһѵĲԻᣬһξ飬Ժ󼴱԰ʱҲ϶ĵ
֮⣬ոһֱ۲죬ͻȻһͷԻ澧ϣмΪŨҵĻԪϢ
ԴںʹתԪİ취һֱҪԼԪĵȼѾתԪ㣬Ҫ䷨ԼȻԻ澧ϵĻԪϢŨңȡоо˵ջ
˵˿Ԫ弶ĴѾˣνҪץסᣬҲͲˡ


ʮ ջ
ֻ֣һԵıϾԪ弶϶ҪСһ㣬ûдͶǣһΣգԼװΣգҲʲôǡ
ͶԼκԳȻóҪʲôֻ¹Ҳֻȥ
ϴСģͶʱ˵
˵ͷֱ߳俨
ͷԪ弶Ĵߴ˿ָ֮ǰƣͻȻ֣̾˵κ̤صĶǵˣԵһʱ䣬ͷ߾˹
㲻ȡھ󽣣Ԫųʮ׾һ½նھϷĽиԪγɵĽâʮףͬһİ¿ȥ
һԪ弶ԿһоǰڳӲӲļơ
Ǵ߼״ͻܣһնϣˢһ£ϼͬһƬͱն䲻٣һĺۼû˵ߡ
ȻĿǰʵȫҲ˺ߣϾԪļԪ弶֮Ĳࡣ
һҲǽǴһȻҲ֪ĵ˲֮ǰַûмǰǰڳһƣԳѰһٽ
ͰȻһͽ弶סˣ俨еͶһĻ˷ֱܵĴȣǿֻ֪ԪļԪļʵӲԪ弶ĴߣԷƵҪöԳѰһĵزνǼ͵Ԫļ
һ£Ԫ弶ҪԸԪļ˵һһһԶ࣬ҲҪκιǣֱʹͳУ֮ͬǰ߶Ըݺʱһ߿νǺ޹˼ɣˣҲ޹ش֡
һΣһһ£ȻǱһŪСĽһ㣬ͼΪ˲ˡ
Ԫ弶ϾԪ弶ݵĶ֮󣬴̾һɻ棬ʼ
һûӲˣ¾ǶýҲ޷赲ĹֻǶܣһͲɱ뵽ߵ͹УѾȷǿ̫࣬Լһ˾͵ֵסߵĳݺûл֮
Ԫ弶ϾԪ弶ӺһβɨУɳȥʮȻײǽϡ
ǰ˷һȻˣҲ̫ء
ұսļˣԶʱԿԪ弶ʱսߣҪԱӮսǲ˲٣жϣȻˣҲûʲôɻĵģԪļʵһѾܿɹˡ
һΪ˵õͷϵĻ澧ǣһҪնɱߣٻýʿ͹ϣ׼弶ϡϵýʿϡļĹʿϣĹҪԸһԪ弶ӦҲû⣬Σֻ֪
ȵýʿ͹Ĺʿһ࣬俨κԳֱըëˡ
⡭ⲻǸʿ𣿡ȻǶԹʿ£֮ǰŹߣսǸʱһһͽκԳֻˣȻʱҪɱǣҲ̫
κԳҲļǿˣϴܴ죬һֱʿ׷Ŀ꣬û뵽￴ͷ
ԣͷʿǣһ£ղҾע⵽ϴĺɫЩ죬ˣϵĹʿõ𣿡κʱͻȻ˵
κԸҲֱȽֱ̫˼ͣԳԵķӦȻҪҪһȴǿЦκ壬⻹ϵĹʿϴģֲôҿ֪ˣ
Ȼκ忴һԶ͵֣֪ԳԲ飬ӿ֮ɫ
̫ˣ֮Ҿ־лͰݹʿΪʦû뵽ʿϴǷˣһֽ̫ˣУһҾͰʦκ弤˵
棬µĹʿѾʼǴչ͹
Ǵս˵󷽣ʼһЩΧ谭ߵжͬʱЭ¹ʿ
һΪ˲ԹʿսѡһԪļĹﵱ֣ȻԪļ޷ӳʿǿս˿Ԫ弶ĴߣǵʵŰٷ֮ٱ
£߾ͱסˣȻԪ弶ֻܺ͹ʿƴ൱ӵǿжýʿķͽǺ͹һⲻһһڶô򵥣ټһӦǾȻǽԪ弶Ĵѹס
ʮӺ󣬹ץסһᣬȻȥǿצסߵ壬ýʿȻԾòԪĳݺݵĴǴߵͷС
һ̶˻д߷Ƭ̣Ȼŵر
ǰߵʬ壬Ҳʮ˷ܣɱĵһֻԪ弶ʱʯ˶ҪԷƵЩɥڣѾǽԪ弶ڽ£Ȼ˵ǽū͵ūֺγʵһ֡
ʵĸı䣬Ȼ˺ˬһ̣ȡѿУǴߵͷϸ˿Ի澧ǡ
ΪԻ澧ϵĻҲ࣬ûϨ𣬿ȥʮֹ죬ӦȻԸӦǿҵĻԪԪѾȷⶫԼԪкܴ洦
Ȼˣʲô
תԪסһ׶೤Ļ澧ǣȻ䣬һ´Ӹ⾧Ǹ֮תķ澧ǿɿƬ
Ҳ編ȡ˵Ҳ֣ĸ澧Ǹһȡ£̿ʼڲȼƺѪҺȼһ㣬ֻƬ̴ߵʬͻΪһŻҽ
ЩĿһĻҲ޷󣬲ôĸǿ϶˲õĶֻһ׼оʣµĶ
ͶǴ˿Ҳ俨ܳһԼĴСУԪ弶ɱ˿ܵõٻ֡
ʱŷӦȡǷֿһȴǺǺһЦ
ȻһԪ弶ȻǸԼ˲ٶ֣ĻһһԾϣΪ˵һִܷﵽǧŰٶ֣ڶ棬ֻǧİٷ֣ǧٷ֣˵ǣѾȺĦĻָ߳һǧ֣ȻԷҪ׷ϣǲˣҲǻɱһͷԪ弶
ڻǲ⣬һСʱоһĻ澧ǡ
ȥɱɣҪСģҪǿǵķ⣬ٷ֮ٿŵǰʮˣҪоһⶫԸһ뵽俨УǵʵǲģԪ弶ĹԲ¡


ʮ Ԫ߲
ͶҲ֪Ȼô˵ˣǿ϶Ҫһ˰һ£κ塢Գһ£˾ڸһЩͨɱȥ
俨ϯһ̿ʼоĻ澧ˡ
⾧ϵ¶ȺܸߣһðһЩ棬תԪϣԵȼպץһյͨһ
ĻԪԪʮŨתԪʱ򣬾ȻԲһֹΪϵĻԪȺܸߣϵԪȥͺһ¯飬Ͼͬ
֮˷ܣһֱҪԼԪתĸΪԪ죬ҲֻﵽԪĳ̶ȣȻҪһϧһֱѰҲȻһᡣ
ֻ澧ǾͬһԶԪдġ¯ֻҪϵĴںԪ˵ͿԽԪĲһΡ
Ϳʼ
˫ƽ澧ǣΧ¶ͬһ¯һ㣬ΧĿһߡľ
ܸоԼԪڷɿıͬһ鷲ڲϵıȳʣֻĲ֡
һ˿˿Ԫڱᴿһ£ֻܿͷһ⣬ԼԪĵ̫죬ӾЩƲӣ˵ӵĻԪΪ޷ĵԪҪеԪôһ飬Ҫʱ䡣
ȻȲˣҲҪôʱ䣬ҪָԪֻǵȵԪԶָҪ
ѪľҺйȪˮȪˮĽᾧЩǿԿٻָԪĺöʵĽڹϣȻġ
ȡһЩѪľҺ£ָ֣ԪٶȻǸϲԪٶȣֻùȪˮˣһµǿԳƽǶԹȪˮҲֱܴȡһȪᾧʹá
ֹȪᾧָԪǱֻ̬һ㹻ˣĴ󵨵û澧ǴԪ̾ǹˮһֻ¾еȫҪûǿԪԴ˭ֱִʵ顣
Ҳãҵֻ澧ǣ԰ԼԪһйȪᾧһĻظԪĵߣˣҪôҲҪʱ䡣
תԪԪĹһߣӳķݺѾ֮ͬһط
ݵ屻̵һ룬ʵ𣬱˵ȥɱǹﲻŪոˣڷݿɽĵҲ࣬ʱԼһڣ˵Щң̫Σա
Ͳˡ
֮ǰΪ˰Ԫ弶ߵ׷ɱѶĵƣǾѪֿһеõĸ߼ǲʹõģһΣãǱɡ
ҲһˣΪǰ;ϲӣϣˡȻǽһѪӹһ٣ȴҲ˶һۡ
ʣ˼սȷݻ磬һһЩǿĹȺôĺȻǡһ£ܻļʲᳬɣȴǺܴ
һЩͼ˿Ͳҩһ˿ڣֹѪȻһ֮ǰɱĹȺΧ㵽һѪģĹʬ¡
Ĺʬϰپߣһ²鿴ǿԽʬζڸԼζ֮Ϊ棬Ѿ伫
㵽һʬºǳǵѪͳζжˣһ԰ͽᵽݹ뷨Ӹɵû뵽ȴôһ
ǸްͷݲֻͬȴϸΪʲôԪ弶Ĵ߻ͻȻǲһɵһˣһıߣĽǶ¾ԲżȻ⡣
֮ǰԪ־ѰӦǲᱻһԪ弶Ĵע⵽ģɽƫƫǴ߷ǣҶչ˽һĴԶһһĿƬ֪Լˡ
Ϊʲô
ƿ϶ǸĹҪȻôûзǵʬ壿ò˵ƶȻû̫ĸݣ൱׼ģȻҲһЩƫԸ棬ôһǽˡȵȡǷֿ˿ЩȥĻ־Ȼһ߰٣˵ԷţϸһͿ֪ǶԷɱһԪ弶ֲһôࡣ
ʣɱĿ϶һԪߡ
뵽־£û뵽ȻôȻԪ弶ĹﶼɱԼ֮ǰСƶԷˡ
ûϵ¿ƣԺʱأ˿ҧгݵ˵£ĳѾ޷ˣֻҪͨʥǵĲԣô֮ǰŷݹҲ̵ٻ֣ʲôҪŪǰʮӦҲ¡
ʱһһĹȥ俨еѾױлԪĻ澧ǣǹȪᾧҲһ顣
˿̣ŵǵ澧ǣҲҪϡ
ȻΪ޴󣬵ջڵĻԪѾȫйᴿʹתԪĳ̶ѾǴﵽ˻Ԫ߲ĳ̶ȡ
ȻֻǱǰһ㣬ҪѶȺ;룬ȴǱ֮ǰһ㵽㻹Ҫ࣬ҪѣȻԪ߲ʵҲʮ⡣
ڣѾʮİգڲʿǰ£ԼʵɱոһֻԪ弶Ĵߡ
ĿǰʵȻԪļѾԽնɱԪ弶ȻһЩǿԪ弶͸֣ûаգǺǰôڵĵѾԺּĸһˡ
һ̣澧ҲΪľеĻԪΪһŻҽûóĸ澧ǣΪ֪ǽĸ澧ҲʹˣԼʵҲ̫Ե
۾ŷԼŵĵ棬ȻѾյùѰݣΧҲб·պĺۼϴŵ·ף˿̶ոתԪʱճ˻ҽҲ˵ǳһ˿ң֮ǰ俨
䲢û𻵣ӿȡһ·ͻף˵û֮ǰĺãڵ˵Ѿ𽥲Щ׵ķˡ
˿ʱ䣬ԽֻʮˣԼĻɱֵһȻԽ棬Ҫҵɱ׬ȡԽѡ


ʮ 
ʣµʮʱҲɱ׬ȡˣϾչֻҪŵǰʮͿͨڶصĲԡ
ԶһԪ弶ߵʬ˿ѾȼմһŻҽ֮ǰֹﻹЩģΪʲôĻ澧ǾͻԶȼգϸо˻澧֪֮ǴʵǱ澧ǸˡҲ˵澧ǸǴϳĶ֪ǱʲôֶθŪͷϣԴ߲Żֱᷢ仯
еýʿ͹ϣǽһγһµսȻֶκܼ򵥣ֻýʿΪʿսѣ澧ǴߣȴĴʦֱʣӦǱԴȪͷϵĻ澧ǣһʧȥ澧ṩľԪ֮޷ƺѾŰĻԪֱӱԼճ˻ҽ
ô˭
ӦǵԪԪʥõˣܿʦȻҲпһЩѧͽ˭ⶼһּΪ߶˵ļ
ߵ߻ҽǰ¿˿ߵʬѾճɻҽ˺һ㣬Ӧûʲôоˡ
ʱͻȻоһּΪϸ΢Ԫһ㶣ܿ죬֣һɲȻǴԼյһԪƷϷġ
һ㣬ðһڿеĿᡣ
鿨ᡣ
ڵõ֮ǰʹõĿᣬȻҲõĵһᣬʣڵ鿨ʮǿĴ濨ƬȻԶԶȲϿ䣬鿨ҲǾǿԽκתΪ鿨
鿨˺ܶвֻʵʹ鿨ᣬЩˡ
Ǿڸղţ鿨ᾹȻһ˿ǰǴûз£Ҫ֪ԼԪģֻаķֻܾŰķֻڰȫط͸Ҳһ鷳һжҪȵԽ˵
鿨ô£
˿̣Ưڿе鿨ǸӣɢعϢʱ鿨ͻȻһźɫĹâȻԶƯȥ˴ȼմʬϿա
¶֮ɫ˿̣鿨ᾹȻĿƣڣȫ鿨ڶҲûֹҪ鿨Ҫʲô
ܿ죬鿨ڴ߸λͣͲԪԽŨңһ̣Ӵ߸λãͻȻɳ൭ɫƬƺʮֺ£Ҫߣȴ꿨һǿ룬һЩƬͱ鿨ʳһգ鿨ᷢһŹâƺһ仯Ʈ˹
һ¸о鿨ĿȨ
Ź֣ԵĹŹ֡
ûеһʱȥ鿨ᣬֻǹ۲Ƭ̣ոշʲô
鿨Լֳ·ӵʶһĿƣڴʬҽƬȻ󿨲ƺõĳֽȻ»صԼ
ô򵥣ǾΪʲôĥո鿨ʳЩƬϤܿ죬ͷӦЩƬ֮ǰ̵ķݹǰ
Ҳ˵鿨ʳɷݹƬŷ˱仯
ִ鿨ᣬȻ֣鿨ȷǷ˱仯˵һֽ汾һ
˿鿨洢ƬĿռֱɸѾһٰʮ֮⣬תƺҲ˱仯˿￨תΪ￨֮⣬һ֡ꡯĿۡ
Ľ⣬￨ÿӳֵĳУһܻܿӵһЩ
ò˵һʮ˲ĿϾƾκֶΪ
ϸ鿨ᣬ滹һԪԪһ֣ҪӾԼĻԪһǱľ
Īǣ鿨Ϊ˷ݹĲԲŷֱ仯ݹ飬еĹ壬ô϶־ԪҵĻԪһ
һֲ²⣬һģֿԺֻܴ޷ͣΪʲô鿨ʳ־ԪĪ鿨ͷܴ
¿˿ôҲ鿨Ƭ֮
ʱļǷֿԶƮ˳ʾˡԽôһ֣ͬʱյĻҲˡ
ǰʮģݼǷָֿ뿪ԹǰһԵص㣬ʮ֮ģᱻָ뿪ȻЩɥʧʸ
һŻֿѾʼԶǰƮȥҲֻջ鿨ᣬֻԺ뷨ˣڣӦýеעⶼרעŵʥǵĲԵС
ڳΪѧͽڱصá
Ƿֿͬһ·һ㣬ܿ߹հƵľͽ޴Թ뵽һԲδǰʮĲҲˡ
桢ԼκԳҲǰʮһ˷ܵ˹Ƕ൱ԪʵͨڶѾʵˣһβ֪ԪļĶ̭ˣ桢κԳʵûҲкܴտͨûæ˵ڶأһܲͨһ⣬ȻǶʮָм
ǼͨڶزԵҲĲ࣬ͭʿĦҶϺڳֻǣݺȻҲڡ
˾ȻûڻҲ뵽ǰʮ
Ȼͨ˵ڶزԣǷݴ˿С˺ܶϢһ۸ǲ֪٣ǶѪ˿ַߺ޺ԹѾǲزסˡ
Цһȫܣӹһ٣Ҳ˵ЩֶΣֻϣѧһ㣬ΪһΣδؾͻôõˡ
ҲǷ֮Ȼˢӵģһغ͵ڶصѡΣ˿ģһǿ֮Ȼ󲿷ֶ壬߳ĸ˺ҶϺ֮⣬ֻһʶģһ߸ʣµʮȫ塣
⵱УĦͷݵʵǿ
ͬվһѧͽӶԷϵϢʵԲܿʮ߸˶֮󣬲һȹϲʮͨʥǵڶزԣǾΪһǼϰѧͽǻҪͨһԲſԣˣɣϽеصĲԡ
˵꣬ͷ߳ȻǸæϣ˵ʥǵĲԼֱûиһ㴭Ϣʱ䣬Ħ𣬴˿ҲЩƣ룬߾俨ʵҲϢСʱȻǱȱ˾ͷҪ㡣
ѧͽߵ棬һ˶¶˾̾Ŀ⡣


ʮ ֻ
һƬεգϸԿг˺ܶ޴ɫΪ׳ۣڳ˺ٿ׳۵ľɫȻһ治ѡ
ڵĵطѾʥǵУʥǾͬһ޴Ŀе죬ֻеһ䣬ԶԿĸǰɫɫͽɫϸ޽ͬһαʯֻ̾ǹ񹤡
д֡кﻨ㣬ԪŨ㡣
زҲһԣܼ򵥣ǰ̨ӣһֻ̨վһˣҲ˵ܳΪѧͽģֻˣҪľƾԼʵռһ̨ӣ𣿡˹Ǹѧͽ˵
һüȵ۹⿴ǰʯ̨ÿʯ̨һƽ׼ӡżΪӵͼǿһۣܴܵһصϢ
ڵѾǳˣʮ߸޳ֻˣֻºܶ˶Ǻܽţţôռʯ̨еһ
ϴ벻ͨԵֻˣҹûʲôϷˣ棬κԳԶлᣬһҪȡԺҾͿˣȻ֪֮ʵʮ˵Уֻ˵ǵ׵Ĵڣʮ߸󲿷ֶԪļǶ֪ԼԱȲľѾ֮һȻ֪Լûκλˡ
һܿͲ˵ˣȻʥֻȡôȷ̫ͨϾͨ»ҪԼ˭ˡ
ûϵȥԺȥԪؾʵֻҪԪļԺлᣬȻһҲһͨ룬ϴ϶ͨʱţ㲻ͨôŶļοȻʶһ죬ƢͶ֮ƣϵõó棬Ѿԣˡϴ󡯵ĺ壬ʱϴҲǽˡ
ǰҲһͨһβμӲԣͨͨѾνˣҪʶϴϴԺһʹ¾϶ǵһƬ죡κԳԴ˿ҲЦһ·ϼʶʵǿԷǽģ˾ֵཻڣѾǽ浱˺Ͷһѡ
һȲҪôҪŬȥһʧܣҲʵս飡ĻǺ͸ģȷκԳҪͨһأõȷǿԲ󣬵ǲͷҲ˵ȥ
˴˿ҲһŵĿǰʯ̨ʱѧͽڣԿʼˣֻ˭վʯ̨ϣ˭ʤߡ
һ䣬ֻȴûκж
Ȼ˶ɵڵܼ򵥣Ҫռһʯ̨Ҫռʯ̨ı£ûб£ռˣҲᱻ˸
һزںֵȺ󣬶뱾ʵΡ
ûжҲȶһߣݺһʱʱԹ޵һ嶪ʧһ룬ʵһ˵һۣ״̬ôռһʯ̨
Էݺ֪ʵѾɥʧʸ񣬲ǲ룬ûǰռһܿͻᱻ˴Ǽֱȡ衣
һе˾һ˶뵽һȥˣҲ
Ʋݣ˿д󺰵ֻϣȴңòɨĿ⡣
Ӻ˵Ȳˡ
һԪʱ˳һʯ̨ﻹǵԪĪ۹ʿԪļҪռһʯ̨ǰǣ˭ҵʯ̨ҾԲ
вҲȷϣһ׿ȥٽصףһǼ̵·̹һһʯ̨
ǰڳһս̬ͷųϢѾˣ˭ͺ˭ƴ
ȻڲΪĸλ
Ȼеһ˳ȥôҲǰͲסһȥ
ĦٶҲ죬ռ˵ڶ̨ӣʣµ̨Ҳռ졣
ߣ˶ûжΪ涼ǿĶһߣݺҲûжǲǲ룬ʵûڳЩˣǾԪĶǶǶ֡
ҶϺҲûվûʲô飬һƺǲ˿תͷһʱȴ·һ˿Цݡ
û˵ܿջĿ⣬ҶϺ̫ŹˣѾȷҶϺӦǱĳǿʶռ壬ʶԼǸϮԼԼնһֵĺӰйϵ
˵ʵ¶ϵ󣬵뵽ãлỹҪһܣȻʱ
ʯ̨ĿǰʱˣҪʯֻ̨ܶˡ
ʵȻûʸռһʯ̨ѡɣҶԼʱһۣ׶ɨһռʯ̨˺󣬳ŵһʯ̨ϵĸ˵
ȻʵȻӡ
ǸȻջ𣬵Ҳûӣȷ̨ϵʵǸŲ۵ǵԪһʦĸ֣ʵҪǿһЩ
ȻˣҲΪѾһô׷֮ǰһŬͶ׷ˡ
Ҳ˵ȴƣͬʱȡƬһٻֻǿūͣǴһսˡ
Ǹ׶ƺҲ֪ԷˣЦһֱȡһƬ
ͶԷٻūͽ˺սͬ岻ٻκūֻͣͷһԪΧΪ˦߰ŷƬ
ЩƬһʱ䶾桢桢ȸַһԵ˹ȥƾ޴Ǹû뵽Է־ȫΪֻȻҲзԷһ̣ͼ߰˸֮£ٻū͵һʱ䱻ɱҲ˳ȥʮ⣬׹ѣѾˡ
ʣˣ֮ǰռݵʯ̨Ȼˡ
˵һеڶ˲սѾռʯ̨ˣʱҲǺ˵һȥս˵ʯ̨ϵռߡ
ԷһӲߵ壬ֳһѽ̱ƺ㣬ǰսҲǶ˵ֱӭսʱ˵ʲôûã˭Ѿռݵʯ̨
ȻУٻūͣǰսһǿںͷŷ֮⣬ҲȡĽͶܣūͶ˵ֻһ׺Ϊܵ۹ˣǿеʹܡ


ʮ ϳ
սʮӣṈֳֶ̀һѲĶ֣жȻû죬ū͵ĵȼƺҲһ㣬ȴΪʹ
Ǳˣ徹ȻҲҩָ˿ڼͶսȻռһƣΪܵ۹ҳԱûˢӣҲܱμֲԡ
Ͷ־ʮӺƺҲ˶Էʵϣȫ
һ˦ſƬͬʱſƬͬʱһ⣬ע뵽ֳֵϣӽնȻγһʮ׵Ľâ
ŴͷնµĽâֳһȻӵмΪǿ壬ӵڳ˵ĻָֻһЩͨ˺ˣԷһ¾ͽԼɱǿҲûá
嵱ϣ̺󳷶һâֻٶȻһâβֱɨϣǸնһİۣâЯǽ˺ףȻûˣǱˤڵϡ
Ҳûм׷ɱֱԾʯ̨ڳһٶơ
˵ʵڵģ廹治ҡ
ȻܰһΣôܰܵڶΣҲûκ壬Ҳ˼ͷתʯ̨
κ塢ԳԣҲϰɣսĸʯ̨ʱͻȻ˵ԪӦȻܿó˿ռʯ̨˵ʵ
ʯ̨ռݵģȻǲģ֮⣬ʵӦþǵĸʯ̨ϵˡ
Ȼ߰ڳһǿޱȵֻ̬֪װģҪ֪ʵģûҪչֳôǿƣͬǸһռʯ̨ͷų񻰣ʵҲǲŵı֡
˵Ħ𣬵ڻû˭ȥսΪһչֳʵΪĦʵȷǳ͡
ĻκԳԶǵ˵ͷ
ȻһսȨȽ˶Ҳһ׼ǰսǵĸʯ̨ϵռߡ
һļΪǿ׳ƤֳһʯʵĴ󺺣ЩߵģȻǴﵽףһֱۣҪȱ˵ĴȻҪִһȦļ¡ʯƤһƥеƸС
ȻսԼ巢һЦûпɣҲսңҼͷԪԪԪһԪһָܰˣȰһ䣬ɣȻ˿ɲҪң
Ȼ˵Ҳһλᣬֻ֮һĻᣬҲҪΪԼһ
ϻְɣʵһ㶼ԵɺµõҲ¾ʿֻЩֲⲻ
ٻūͣͬʱȡſƬȷ˹
ĿƬǱ׼ĹͷЩҪʺϵʱͷŲŻᷢЧ֪ԼڵȼԷ£ֻüȡʤ
忴ȻҲЦһҲٻūֱͣһȭ˳ȥ
Ȼĸ֣һȭȭѹöжһͣٻūͣҲһһȭѹݺݵѹס
ҲǸΪ֮ҪһʤˣǲҪԼʯ̨⡣
һ̣̼һſƬ˵жһ˫ŵŵأһ¾ͳȥֱӴȭٻֻūʹ򱬣ȭѾŶ˹ȥ
УҲҪˡ
һȭѹ֮Ҳ֪ԲӲƴ̼ſƬⶼǷһԪ֣һ塣
¶ΧͳһȦ֣ͬʱµ̱һ̲õء
һɳȥʮԶֻҲ뵽嵱С
غһѪոնԷһȭֱӴԪ֣һشԪȻѣҲֵ˶ԷһͲ˶ֱˡ
˿̶סʹ˦ſƬͬʱ
һԼſƬڶ˵ѾǼˣⲻҪԪΪһҪԪпƣһ˸һ㡣
ſƬ￨һԪԪǷͷͬʱ˹ȥ
һɹǶûˡ
Ǳ״ҲһΪɻʤû뵽ԷôƻֻԷٻͷȼȴ˿ԷٻļֻļôĻһֻ￨ʯƤԵֵ
һȻͷҲ漴ȥ
ͬһЩ˵޹ʹΪݣѳ壬ֻūȫɱ
ҡҡͷ˻ȥѾˣȻʵֻǷˡ
һߣҲǺݺݵĿһۣȻ»صĸʯ̨
û£ͺãݸԷһ˿˲ᣬҲرأʵԶʵһѾܿɹˡ
ȥһĽκ忴ʧܶ飬ڵĳȥ治а
ȻκսҲǵĸʯ̨ռߡ
ȻˣҾԲǸ忴üͷҲ壬Ҳˣһһսߵͬ顣
κҲ֪ԼĶȻԼҲԪļǹԪǿϣȻȶԷһЩ
һ㣬ͿˣʵҲǽԪתһֳΪԪֻһ㵽㣬ҲǺ͵ʮĺʹ࣬˵£Ƕκ˵Ѿǿˡ
ȻһͿκӮˣƬ֮κ㱻ԷһƬȭӰˣǱһȭϵ׶ˡ
κҲԼһˣͬ˶Էһ˿ʱԳҲȥˡ
ԳԵʵرǿκ廹ҪǷȱһ㣬Ըȣȡȴսǰ˻
˿ʤȻǵǷǣѡ˶󣬸ǣսζûãҿĸһѾһҪҪҲԣ
˵ľκ塢ԳһֱվһȻǱע⵽ΪʤȻԼսˡ
ʵϲ˵Լϣڵʯ̨ռҲʵȻǶԹˣȻҲҪϡ
ǰȥǻһֱۣȻһȭֻҪһȭͿԽܡ


ʮ ȭ
ô˵Ҫ磬ֻǵĿŵӣԷϲȭͷô֮֮
Ļһ㶣ʧЦƺЦЦһ
˵Ҳ·޿κεЦȻҲЦ
ߣϾϣÿƬūͣܶԿֻȭͷΪ˭Ҫ֪ǸͷǵԪǿ壬ǸճͿ˺ޣܹѵսʿҪκͿɱ壬ȭͷԸʿԼһ˵Ȼܵͣǿһ·ɫǸսʿɱˣһûͨԣֻҪˣôһжֵá
˵ݺǱߵԼĦҲĿɿڴȻģҲǶǿޱȵĽĿ˵ⲫʿȷǵԪٮٮߡֻʱҲ˵ʲôĦһĲţóǿսʿⲢ˵κͿƬͿսʤһλʿ
Ҫ֪ĦԼͶƣҲԲʿĶ֡
ԭֻһç򣬿Ц֮ǰвڵڶزԭҲˣԴ󣬳ҪԿͷģĦǴ㿴Ϸ
ǶȻЩģǶĸ㣬Գԡ
Գǰйӵıָѧ˲ţȻӵкǿ߼Ȼ֪ʲôƣȻԸǳԲ׼飬ԲðգҪǣ϶̡
ȻˣԼֻҪĿԴͺá
˿̣Ѿ˵ע֮ߵǰ棬ʿ¶˲мɫֻܴﵽԼҵ˵ʵ֪ʵ˺ܿЦСģҲΪСˮһˣɲҪң
ϻ̫࣡úͶԷ˵˵ֱ֮߬ȭͷ˲ŷΪǿһȭ˳ȥ
Ȼ̣ʵѾǿǴﵽԪ߲㣬ԪȣԲֻǽԪʿܱģ˵ǰʱ䣬Ѫһ˻壬ǿ
ߺֻжԷһ룬δػ
һȭʿҲЦһȻͬһȭӣȻҪȭ
ͼʿȭͷֱһڹЯһǿѹ˹һ̣˵ȭͷһײһ
һɾ޴˲ըΪĿɢǷɳʯһ¶ȭж󣬶һ̣ͼһӴӰˤ˳ȥֱˤֹһȦͣ
һˤȥˣǷһ⾹ȻǸʿȻոյĶȭˡ
Ҵ̿ʿȭͷѪģǱ޴ƻˣ˵ڳײзϣʱҪȬܡ
ٿֻǺ˼ͽǿȭˡ
ҲΪ屻Ѫոһ˶֣ԼҲԺùˣڣֱֻ΢飬ֻҪעԪ̾ͻָ糣
Ȼֻһȭʱ򣬶ں˷ܵĺȻǹ˵ģ֮ǰ˵һȭͿԽֻܣȻ˶ǣûţڣʵǺݺݵĴһǶ⡣
û׷ȥתͷڵϱʹʿ߼æҡҡͷҷˣ
˵꣬ȥ
ȻģȥЩʵһ㶼ոһȭ˿ûͶȡɿԣײʿ֪ԷȷҪǿǿԼòԩȻǲûȤ
֣ܶϵ˵ĸʯ̨ϡ
ڣǵĸʯ̨ռߣȻÿԻҲǰսֻϧѧͽ˵ĺҪռʯ̨ԼԶڶκԳˣﶼûӰ
˿̨ϣռ˵ڶʯ̨ռ˵ĸʯ̨Ҳˣʯ̨ǻв˴
ɹռʯ̨ݺɫǼΪߺޣҲûӣԼǰȥսոչֳʵȷǿȻĿȭͷսʿ
ⲻ˵ԷѾսʿ
˵ԷֶΣݺɵһʵһɲзϣǰսȡ裬пܶ
ϣ⣬ҸҸǸʱڣݹȻð̣ҲûӡվһԣԲһ˫۾ȫ֮ɫ
˲а̨սȻΪոһȭʿĳ滹˼£Եûս
ǱҶϺҲڶˣֱսʯ̨ϵռߣҲһ壬ʵԪļҲڲĴˣĹƣԺǰʮĺʹᲢۣʿҪˡ
ôһ֣ȻǱҶϺһлܡ
󲿷˶ûпҶϺô֣Ǹ˾͵ųȥ˿ڣҶϺҲǿ־壬ȻǹԹóʯ̨
ҶϺռ˵ʯ̨
ʯ̨ϵ˻Ѿ̶ˣҲڼսе˲аǰսȫʧܸա
Ҳ˿վ̨ϵˣѾʮ߸ǿˣֱһʦ壬棬ĦԼҶϺҪκһ̫ܡ
ڣЩûռʯ̨ҲʼȻó˵ʵǳǿѾûκλˡ
һһֱսѧͽʱһˣʯ̨Ѿǳˣ˶һſƬȻȥɣ
˵꣬ѧͽ˦һƬЩƬ·۾һ׼ȷķֵʣʮ˵
Ȼ֪ʥǵĲѾսǳϲϣʵ̾Ϣһ˿Ƭ
ͬʥǵʱһ⿨Ƭһ⣬˰סȻ͵档
Ƭ֮䣬ʣµһƬ뿪ʥǡ
ݺҲԹĿһƬ뿪ȻһĻҲӲоֻĶԷԼʵѾǳ̫࣬ʱƼ󣬵ʱ򣬾Ͳ鷳ҪǸԪ弶İ


ʮ ʦͽ
ϴŬԺǾѧͽˣǿȫˣȻûͨԣһ㶼ûоʧ෴˶ͨĲԣԼͨҪˡ
һԵκԳҲûʧһͨԿ϶ǺãûͨҲύ棬˵㹻ˡ
ЦЦͻȻԼ֪ҪʥǴã֪ͨһ¹ϣ˨ӻСǣԼڣǿöǹһ£ǾͽͶ˵һ
£򵥣ȻϴѣǾҵѣĺˣһǵģظ˵
ǲҪȥ˵һҵ⣬ĵͷ߳½ѾҴˣ϶û£Ȼ鷳ٰæЦŽһ䣬˲ŷֱ𼤻Ƭ뿪
ȵǶ߹ֳֻ֮ʣռʯ̨ˡ
ˣվصʯ̨ϣҽһ£ҽ²ȹϲǣڿʼѾٷ֮ٿԳΪһΰѧͽԪʥõڶʦʦ˴ǵѡǵѧͽһᣬúչԼΪǵǰҪһ䣬ѧͽҲǷֵȼģǵĳɾʵϺǵĵʦкܴϵкõõʦԻ°빦Ǹѧͽ˿Ҳ֪˿϶ΪѧͽҲû֮ǰָ߸ϵ̬
ԺѧͽȻҪùϵҪ֪ѧͽУҲ´ڵġ
˵֮ѧͽǹȡһſƬһֱʡ
һ̣ʯ̨ͬʱһâվʯ̨ϵˣ̱һâûʧ١
һоӦûʲôΣգҲûʲôʱһƬƣľɫƬ֮Ÿо䵽ʵϣȵâɢŷԼĸѾһ޴Ĵ֮ڡ
Ǹʯ̨Ƿ֣ʯ̨֮ǰʥǵѾͬһ뵽һֿܡ
ʯ̨Ǵ
֮ǰûϸ鿴˿̿ŷֿ֣ܣִĵȼܸߣӦǿԶ㴫͵Ӧʯ̨ϡ
һţʯ̨ţŵططǧһҲ˵һ£طǲнģǴȴǿԴôһشĴš
ϸӦµʯ̨ǶʦȻͨʯ̨ϵԪ·ִԭȻҲĻ飬ԪؾʱоԺܿͽµĴŵԭо˳
ȻԭŪˣⲢζͿԼһΪҪͨǲеģҪĲϣͬµʯ̨һĴͲϡ
ʱ˹ͬ飬ʱȻҪվһǸ´ȻҲͷһ
ǸʦʶҶϺ͵͵һۣζҲûʱȥ룬һߵĦתת˹
棬ϲ㣬벻ҲһͨʥǵĲԣһ¿ǺˣҶԽܵ۹һǽܵ۹ϣԺٲ˻ģĦʱ˵һȻҪ޸֮Ĺϵ
Ħɲɵǰ棬ҳԱҲǴĵƲΪΪͨʥǵĲԡ
ڣ澹ȻͨزԣΪ˺һѧͽȻĦ֪Ǹùϵʱˣһ£汾ҳԱȻֻһϵҲǺйأǳΪѧͽԺĳɾͶȻǲ˵ԳΪܵ۹ҵĸ߼Աùϵô潫ڽܵ۹ĵλǽȣȻҪˡ
ԸֱˬһʼĦ𲢲ֹʾãȻµóԷͼ
ĦԸҲֻǲ̲ĵ˵ͷûġĦҲǺգǶЦǰɣ֮ǰ֮Ϊһ϶ǶС£ԺͬΪѧͽҪúûġ
˶Էһۣбģֲҿ£Ħ𣬺͹Ĺʿͭʿֱ˼һֺͷȲϣԷҲֻνʿ
Ħ˼óҲúͶԷ˵ʲôֻ΢΢һЦ˵˵
Ħû֮⣬ȴʮֵ⣬Ȼʵ̫ˣҲãֻԼ档
ʱǰͻȻͬӰһӰ
һ̣Ӱģһֽ̬Ԫѹ˶վãȻûв´ӰӦþνʦˡ
ʦѧͽְӣ˵ԪĸӦ֪̾ʦǿֱǳԼ
κһӵп׸ɵͺʵһϾͿԿʦĿֲ֮
Ȼ֪ѧͽһʦҲеȼĻ֣³ֵʵеȳ̶ȣеʦʵҪһЩһЩǿѧͽҲѾӽЩСʦĳ̶ȡ
Ȼǲ֪ģԴ˿ʦµľ֡
ǿ
ʦǴųۣÿһ˵ļϣſһֻǧʯ
ûǧʯһܿóģֻʦǧʯƺͰķò̫һǵģͺɫͬ϶֫˫̬޳β˦˦ȥеͷԲιеǳһ̣еǹͺͺͷһ
ͬԪԼǧʯһ˫ǻۺǵ
ǾһͨѧͽԵ𣿲ԪǶѾﵽԪļʶϳˣ˵һʦӺܰģЩսȴʦоſϵǧʯͷҪ
Ȼȴʦʦһһ˵ĸʦû˵ʲôϸԷ֣ĸʦҲ͡ȴʦģ࣬ȻӦԪʥõ֡
ʥǵİ²Ѿ˵ˣӽ쿪ʼǽʽΪѧͽѧϰʹãһһ֣ȻΪѧͽֻѧϰеʮʹ÷ˣҲһɳƥе˽ֱѡǵеһΪǵѧͽסһϵȴʦ˵꣬Ƕһʦ޴ֻǳʦһǰʱںһξѡӰɣ


ʮ ʦ
ллȴﵼʦǸ޴ʦ˵
õĶǵԪͨҲĿɿڴһﻹĽȴ
ǸͬΪʦ޴ҲȴΪʦȻԷʵ͵λ͡
֮⣬ǰԾ裬ȴ˵Ǹ޴ĵӣһѧͽǰʱ˺
񲻾˵һεĿƬ׹䣿
ʱѧͽͺˣԼɵһѧͽĪǺҲɵһ
ԡ
̾ͷ²⣬ûɱѧͽҵʱԼ뿪ʱ򣬸պÿѧͽһƬĪԼ˺ڹ
ϸ뵱ʱֿܣҲ֪ѧͽʱҲǼΪصģҲΪʱֿܡ
Ȼ಻ܱ¶޴֪Լɵĵӣ϶Լ
޴ƺȴΪʦ˵ĦҲʮ־ȣȻǲ֪޴ҲֻǸոմѧͽΪʦûãĿǰֻʦ޴ﵱѧͽʱĵʦȴȻҲҪƶԷһʦġ
ǳʦҲʸһѧͽģֻ޴ãյĵӾΪɣֻѡһӡ
˿޴ǰһһ˫۾ˣȻˡ
æԪɲ뱻޴УĵȻ࣬ܿ죬޴ѡ
Ħ¶ϲ֮ɫȴﵼʦѡӣۺʵǳǿԺĳɾͻܲ
ĦȻǴϲȻҲó޴ʵʦвǰμڣԷʦôһʦԼԺȷǳɾͲ
۹ⲻȴЦЦȻĦʲô֣ĵʦ񣿡
޴ﵼʦҽĦ𣡡ĦæǰȻվһ΢Ц޴
˹أڶѡȴͷһʦ˵Ȼ͸ݣſŵǧʯȴһְģȥһʮֹ죬Ǻʣ˹صϢʮɭ˵ֱָǸʦˡ
ѾѡֻʣҶϺ
ʱ򣬵ѧͽʼѡˣѡ档
ȴʱŤͷ˿һڿֻ¶һ°͵ʦȻȣ
Ȼȴʦλʵ֮ǰʦȫ֮ͬǰȴáһ˵ȴ
ǴһС仯Ͼܿʦĵȼ͵λ
ȻҲ˵ʵʣûѡӵʦȴǸȴ֪ôģܾöԷЩԾǶԷԼƺһĪĺ⡣
ȫĵУ˵ûκθݣţԼԵ޹ֹŹֵĸо
Ȼڱϣû¶ֺ
һ̣ǸȴǷһŮָָѡ
Ůģ
һ㶣ʦſĳ۴Ŷټϼſŵһֻ޳ɫǧʯŮ
ֻǶԷΪʲôѡԼ
߼˵ӦѡͬΪŮԵҶϺҲû˵ʲôܱȸǸɵȴãڶԷΪʲôôǲȥ롣
ðɣһѧͽ͸ҰɣȴЦЦˣͨʥǲԵѧͽȫ˸Եĵʦ
ǻסʱ䣬ǸԵĵʦҲỨʱ̵ѧͽĻ֪ʶ֮ǾͱصʥԼо֮ÿ£ǻһʹô͵ĻᣬʱԾɻ죬жɾͣȫԼôȸɢ˰ɣȴ˵꣬˦ſƬſƬ⣬ԼҶϺһ˲ߡ
ߵһ˲䣬ҶϺԼһۡ
϶ѾҶϺҶϺһʱҲ֪ôΪãŲǲǱռ壬£Ҳֻһһˡ
ϴҾȸյʦˣټʱ߹˵һ䡣
ãԼСģļȻŶԷͬߡ
⣬ĦһѧͽҲŸԵĵʦ뿪һʱֻʣͿ
߰ɣȻ̫ϲ˵˵꣬Ҳ˦ſƬͬһߡ
ûпȷ磬ԼȻǱһ˲䲻֪Խپ룬Ȼ󵽴һ֮ϡ
һ֧ţ治֪жߣȥֻܿƲ㣬һһ򳡰Сƽ̨ӣذɾӨ͸ľʯذ̳ɣɨһȾʮ͸ɾ
˿̻ͷ˿ժ˶¶ò
ò˵Ȼ壬÷ǳƯķɫһֽɫ˿Ժ󣬿ԿӶ¶һЩϸСۼףϸüëҲɫһ˫۾ȴͬıʯɢһۿɼ͹âһ˿˿ͬһϷ
ʲô壬ûȻҪۡ
ʲôʱʵ
ҽԷĵʦȻҪ㹻𾴡
ãԽҿʦҲֱӽҵʦסǱߵȥʰһ£ȻңһῪʼ֮˵꣬ǰȻס
ָסһСƫ߹ȥһȻһѷŸƷĲֿ⣬ȻÿһƷ룬ûط˯Ϣ
ֻٻūͣǺԼһʰһյأһԼһ˯ѡ
һкɢȻȥ
ܴ޽ҲܵźõĲַ·ˮһʯ˿ʦڵϱĿڤ룬Ӧ۾
°ɣһ߿ϻһӣ棬ʦǧʯſһĵϣڳһСҴСʱ
ɫֻɨһ۾ջĿ⡣
뵽ʱڵĿﻹһȳ˻ߵʱ֪ʱȻͬСɣֻǸķԹһС顣
˵ԵԪˣΪһոձԪںϵ磬ôʱԪļ˵ǱǿҲѡΪҵӵԭ򣬵Ȼֻԭ֮һǴҪԭѡԭǣҴϸоһ˿ƽѪϢ㣬ͻƽһʲôϵ


ڰʮ ϰѧͽ
û뵽⿭ʦһʵԼĪ
ƽһ壡
ʲôǻƽһ壿ʵϲ֪ͷһֳƺɲɵܿ뵽һ
һشǧĻƽѪҺʱԼ̳ȥѾںԼ嵱УĪǿʦָľ
һãȻһ˫ͬǱʯһͫ¶һ˿Ȼɫ
Σֻʵʵ˵ʦҲ֪ʲôƽһ塣
㲻֪ƽһ壿㣬ȷлƽһϢ̷ǵѪҺȴĸ֪ңҷ֣ûз֣ҪȻϼһ׷Ź㣬ǸĳаʶռŮоҲ֪ǿЦߣαǸŮɾͲ̫Զ˵ԼλʦͰȻԼ˵ǸȴĲǡ
ѵԼȥܣ
Ȼôóʦһ˵һԼûûˣĻһܿġ
ʵ֪֪ƽһ嶼ûʲôϵǣӵлƽѪһ£Ҳһ£ҿҲ෴Ϊĵʦһ㽫ƽѪƷӳĻ죬ͼıĻƽѪѾˣ˵ˣҲʵһ֣һһ۵˵æͷǣóʦû˵ѣȷûжԼĻƽѪʲôͼԿʦʵԼٻʿսȫĶ֡
ֻҲһĻɣǾǣʦԼǲЩ̫ˣ
ѡԼĵӣ֪ԼлƽһѪǰ£ǽ¸ԼҪ֪ûԵ޹ʵİʵЩ˵ͨҲóʦԼĲûһ˿һͼ͵⣬һͷԡ
벻ȻԲȥ룬ô˵ⶼԼһ£˵ҲԼ̫ˣһ·ĴǻˣҪôĻ죬ҪôϲıƣͻȻôһˣɹˡ
ˣʱޣԪʥõĹ涨ЩոͨԵѧͽֻʱ䣬Ҳһֿ飬ʱһὫһЩ֪ʶ̸㣬٣ͿԼˡȡһſƬֱӼΪһصĵ伮ӣǧҳ
ʱͻȻһ£ʵʦô˵Ԫʥˣ
һʼû֣Ϊ۴ʥǵǸǺûʲôٶȼ죬Ҳһû뿪ʥǶԶĴոտĻﻰ͸¶ϸڣȻǱǴ˵еĵԪ磬Ԫʥá
ĻüͷﵱȻԪʥãȻΪʲôط
ȻͻȻ˼·ЩջٶԶ⿭ȻһƯŮԣҲһǿޱȵʦԼĵʦʱҲֻʵʵϾҪָ˼ҽ
ĵȼ˲һʦƺԪĳǿֶΣȻԳԪ弶ٶԪߡ
һԪʥʦʷķչʷлйĽܣûȥһῼ֪ʶճ̶ȣͨҵĿԣֻܼһ֪ʶֱЩʷͻ֪ʶҲŻ鿨ڣȥɣһ־Сʵ仹Ҫݸ֮󣬾ͻ˵
ӹⱾʮġʷ顯Ȼ뿪
ֱ뿪󣬿¶һζЦݣȡһſƬȻñд˼֣żһſƬ̻һ쵽µ⣬һ˲ʧ١
ͬʱڵԪĳһطһΪƯĺŮһƥɫݣµĿͬĺڼףǲɢֲԪ·һп־ĸԴ
۽˿һƥ̾ͻ֪ͨһƥħʣⶫǾϡٵǳɫ˵𣬺ܶ˶ֻ˵ȴûм
ŮվŶʮºڼױźɫ󽣵ˣЩ˺棬ǧڼޱ
ЩڼʿԶ壬Ǳһ˻Ҫǿ׳˸Ϊҳϣ˵ǵ̻ӵɱЩ񱩵˶ԥȥһִźɫףŸʽĺڼޱӲǵĵˡ
ҵľ޴˿̻Ĺ鳣ôž޴Ƥսģˡˡ졣
սĺŽǣҲ쳹һƬ
ںŮǰһΰĳǱǱʯľԼɣǱģȫһޱĿˡ
ԪУһ졮ԪԽľͷʯͽɵĿ˻һȥսҿϵ޾ʹࡢԪƼֻڼУһʥڳǡ֮һ
ʥڳǾͬһڳǱһĶˣͬһڣ棬ǻ㼯һֻԪۣڵļ֮䡣
ԶԶȥͷ·Ƕһʯһ㡣
ʥڳǵף֮ۡһص̬ʥڳеĿˡޣ֮ۡˡ
˿̣֮ۡͶһĿ⣬㼯һϵĹӰˣǰħʱϵĺŮһţҪʲôΪʲô˹ҵĵ̣ˣǿѡ
ѣϵѣȴһֱңҹɭǸӡѾɵˣۣ֮ûʲô˵ģŮ˵ƺһ㶼¶Է
ʲô㽫Ǹӡɵˣ֮۵һ䣬͸¶һ˿ɱһţ֪֪һ£ڵġһ£ƭңûɱӡ壬ԣԸ񣬿϶ȰŪɱǸӡ壬֪ʲôһţҺ˽㣬̫ԸˣҲ²£һƿʦô᲻ὫӡƳ˿Ƭ
֮Ц˵ȻˣȻ̽
Ůɫ䣬ȡһſƬƬϵͼһϰ°һͳĹ
˵ûۣ֮ǺԸԸıǮӡȷƳ˿Ƭ˵һЩҸȤĻɣһ̽һſƬݻ٣֪ģ˴ӲЦŮһ˫ͫûһ˿˵˵ʱƽȣԲǿЦ
һ㣬֮ƺҲ֪ȷ˽⣬һŵȷ˵֮Ҳ֪һſƬķӡ弫ҪԲʧ
֪Ҹ㣬һţһ֪£Ҫⶼˣɱڡ֮ƺƬ̣֣˵


ڰʮһ ֮
Ż𣿡Ů˿Ϊ⣬Ŀµĺħʣһƥ־֮ȻǷһ˻Уһ˫ݺݵĶŶ֮Ŀ۳ɵľˡ
һ̣˷һҽУ·ܵĹʱɻ
֮۳һ˵ľˣһΣ̬ŵһЩ
ҵʵħʣеĴĿۿ־֮ݻٶ֣جΣȷΪħʵˣû˭Ż㣡֮۸ЦһֵȻ֪Ҿ͸㣬Ӧ˵һԪ磬ԪԴͷڵһԪ磬ֻ֪ڣǾΣȴһ֪֮⣬ڶԪ֪ǿ磬ڶԪŵĶһǿߣƽһ塢һ壬ЩҶҪ˵һ˽⣬ô˵֮񣿡
֮񣿡Ů΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵֪ǻ֮˵ڵԪ֮ǰʹˣǿޱȣΪǾǿƻһУɵ硢ɵֻֻ֮Ǵ˵еĴڣ˭ûмǵԪѧʦҲֻǴһЩ伮ϲ֪֮Ĵڡ
ûһţ϶Ϊֻһ˵Ҫ㣬пƬķӡǻ֮һ֣Ĳֻкܶ࣬ɢڼԪ統УǣǴ㽫Щӡһһռû֮¸һоɵ򣬽ԼӴ磬ǸʱǾ񣡡֮ûľ˷һЦźŮڣѾǵļƻ㣬һţмͥʸϵǡ
ûȤŮ붼;ܾˣƺո֮˵ĶǷϻ
һţӦÿǿǣԣʵǲѾ֪ǵļƻ룬ֻ֮۷һв
ϻ̫࣬鷳ǵȷܴ󣬵ڣֻһʥڳǶѣҹĳǳأƵʥĩҲ͵ˣŮ˵ֱ꣬ӻ֣
ˣ
սŽХУǧڼޱ̿һͬˮһȥһһЩڼޱž޴Ͷʯ˦һشǧʯ飬ʥڳǡ
ڵģһţ֮ۿƣҲ֪˵棬ջľͶӰһ̣ʥڳǵĿսʿҲʼ˷
ҵɱʼˡ
ŮںħϣһУ˿Ϊ֮ݣĺʹҲվԭأƾ紵ϵĺɫ硣
ʱ򣬴һâźŮȥ̧ͷһһץͽһâץ
âɢȥԭһſƬ
ǡſɱǰԼԪӡ˭һſƬдԼƬǧſҲԿٴϢֱĵ绰Ҫ㡣
ŮУķſֿƬˣᳬдŵݺȴټ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻдŶ̶̼֡
һţ˵ǸһͨʥǵĲԳΪѧͽʦҡ
дš֡
֣Ů΢΢һЦָһƬ̻һŷɻң˿ѾǰѾսʥڳǣȻһںʹ֮ǰʥڳǣƵʥ
ԪһսȻǲ֪˿̣ϸһʷЩĿɿڴ
ǰ˳ıһص׼úÿһҳɵˡ
ǿհ׵ġ
ڶҳҲˣһֶûУ֮ǰԤܶೡдõԼûм֣ûȻǿհһƬ
ⷭ˷棬һʶĪǿʦˣԼ
Ҳ
ȷһõʦûбҪˣԼϾ˵ûκκô
ϸһ£һ⣬˵ҪԼһϼеĻ֪ʶʵϣԪļĸ֣ҪһȻףҲѵףԼ˵һϲڽô֪ʶҪסûκġ
ǿʦ˵ͨĲԣôڶ첻Ҫһ顣
ô϶ѧͽһûмסǶ춼ûͨԵļ¼⣬ԪļǿߵĴԶǿĶٶȡԿƱ̬ôܺü춼ͨԣ
δԼ
룬ͻȻ뵽һֿܣתԪԼĻԪӳҳϣȻԭհ׵ҳֳֺͼ
ȻˣȻҪһ飬ҪԪӳȥҳϵֲֳҲһֶԪϰˡ
ȻʹҪоԪǵԪԪˮԪԪҪԭǵԪתΪԪеһ֡
һ£ֻתһԪҲĶһˣֻ϶ҪĺܶԪһҪôһǧҳ飬Ѷȿ֪
˵ȫʲô
Ҫ֪ڵĻԪѾת߲ˣԪľ̶ȣһЩͼʦ޷⣬ҪûԪĶһ飬˵ʵǼ򵥵㣬ԪҲѪľҺȪˮȿԿٻָԪĵߡ
Ȼ֪ζһ飬Ͳ˷ʱˣϣڿѧϰҲһû˵ʷʦʷԪʥá
ſţһ˼Ͷ뵽С
ԪʥҲںܾ֮ǰܵԪ֣ΪԪ磬ԪʥõǿĴڣʢľʦ
ʦǿʹͨĿƬʹΪǿġ
һһ֣ÿһֶض;ϼأĿǰΪֹҲֻǰһʦɹȫһֻǸʦڰǰһսоʹʧ٣ټȫޡڣԪʥǿʦҲֻһֿƬ
ֻһ֣һֿƬ׽
ʦѧͽĵȼҲ￴ˣѧͽΪϰм߼ѧͽѧͽֻѧϰһǰʮ֣ʦǿѧϰе
ʦҲһĵȼ֣ϰм߼ʱţǿʦĿǰʲôȼʦ
Ӧмɣ
ʱķɿ죬һڶжɹֱڶһҳ
ǧҳݣѾȫˣǼΪ棬ڵԪҲһ룬ˣҪһϽǧҳݶ£ֻɡ
ʱ䵽ˣʱһɽʯɵĿ˹˵


ڰʮ 
ǰˣЩĿɿڴ
ĻˣΪ£˲ֲرҪĵطʹõʯܶĥĲֶǽ˵˫ȭϣǶͬӵСͬʯһıʯ
ȻֱʯǳӲʱҲ
û˿Ԫȫһˣӽ׵һǿѹȸС
˵ʵӦÿԺԪһƴȻֻǱعƣԪļҲпܡ
ܾ˾һͲʰһ£һߵ
ʦ¡
׼һѯǱһ֪ʶֻҪһδֻߴͻȥ顣˵꿴һۡ
ȵڵϣʦ⣡
ٲȻһгģ⵹ÿЩ⣬Ҫ֪ǱżҪһϿ꣬Ҽе֪ʶʵǷǳѵ飬ΪⲻǿͼԪ
ΪԪĶֶ
ǰµѧͽһϿȫһˣձ˵һٸ棬ֻһ
ԿԺܿ϶˵һϾͿ겢ҼݵһţɾͲ
ãҳˣ˵꣬ʵҽһԪʥõļʷ̵Ļ׼ȷ
˵ûκѶȣӺͽԪʥõʷлһЩ£Ҳصġ
ҳڶ⣬ʱ;мֱ֣ʲôʦʵ
ҲйʱļأһּΪϡٵľʯͨԪȾߺ;ûκ;ǶѧͽʦȴǷǳҪһֵߡ
ʦʱΪʦĻǧʯкҪϵҿԽһ𣿡һ䣬˵ͷ㽲
ʱʵǧʯʵһҪƷͨʳǧʯֱ䡣
ʱ⣬ʱ⣬ʱʱ䣬̳ʱǾʳʱ䣬ÿʳһʱ䣬ǧʯǵƳÿ£˵ԽʵԽǿ
֮⣬ʱʦĹؼƷͨĳʦֻѧͽʹʱ뵽һּΪ״̬УǸ״̬һӾ͵һСʱ
ϾҪĳҪѴʱģʦ˵ʹʱ󻯵ǵЧʡ
һЩʱʱܱԶʦ˵ʱΪҪ
ǧʯʦҪĻ飬ѧͽ֮ԻʦΪǻûǧʯǰʮҪǧʯͿʩչ֮ȫҪǧʯЭʩչʦߣǧʯͷߣҪγǿޱȵսȱһɡ
Լֻ渵ʮ꾡ֻһϵĳɹ
Ҳֻ֪ʶҪʵĻѡ
һʮ⣬Ƿǳѣױ˺ԵĲ֣ǼЩע֪ʶҲǶԴ
СʱԺ󣬿˵ͷҪʵѾȫʹˣȻȫ˳һ˵ѧͽƽҪ֪ͨʶĿԣһϾͨģ˵ٷ֮ˡ
ܺãĽǱ֪ʶˣôҲͿʽʼѧϰˣѾ֪Ԫѧϰһ㶼ǴӼһʼѧἤȻѧƿ˵꣬ʦһȡһſƬ
һſƬʮ־Ǹӵͼмһͼдһһ
ǡɫͨƬͬСҲͨĿƬҪСһ㣬ʮָӵͼƣмдſƬġš
һֿƬÿһֶضıţдšһĿƬȻһ
һ֮ȭ൱ļҪʤѹЧżͳǱߵĿͷžͿԣʦָʮһߴĿ˵
ӹƬ鵭ȻȴһЦһʩչϱԼɵѧͽ
ʱԷҲǶԼͷŹ֮ȭЩԼ﷭˵һֹΪǿķƬѹЧͣ˵û˭ֵҲǿķ֮ȭԿǰλ
ֻһ֪ʣµ϶һǿޱȣҲֲһ˵ʦһ;ֵı顣
Ҫ֮ȭҪϵԪţˣҪľԪΪӣҲ˵˵õҲδʹá
˵⿴ѵȴ׾٣Ϊ֮ǰʹӱɱѧͽҵһЩоȻǱȱ˸ơ
ƬżһšһĿǲԶһߴĿˡ
Ƭ˲۳һ޴ȭͷȻݺݵȥͷ·һ˳ŵһȭ֮ȭĹ£Ǹֱӱ飬һصƬ
ĿʦһĻǷһ˿⡣
ͬʱ⼸ոյӵʦȴ죬ҶϺ˳֪ͨʶԣʼһļϰˣûֻܼͨȥһ飬԰ĦҲһ
ֻһϾͼסеϸڣⱾѶȣ˵ҪʱάԪĹܼɸһѶȣյʦ˵ģһͨԵ˰һҲһûͨͿͨʱ϶һƣѧͽҲҪǰ棡˿ĦԸ뵽»ȥһ顣
ͬһʱ̵Ѿʼĵһˡ
ʦɹһ̾ͽһ֮ȭƿ
ò˵𼤻ƬƿѶȸ˲һ㡣
ȷţѧԻǼƬٶȣ㶼˼¼ǲ֪ƿٶΣ֪һƬٶ죬ϣܸһϲ˵ֵ꣬ƿҪһвϣʲôҪ㶼򻶻ҪҪȥһˣ糿Ұˣ
ʦ˵꣬һܳһëССϱӣĹȻװŲٶҲϾȻһλεԿס
ëȻǡ߳ſſڵϣת˳ȥ
£Գ˵Ԥϣڿʦ뿪һӣ˫ԪۣȻƳһſƬ
ȵԪâɢڿƬı棬Ȼ˸ӵͼһһ֡


ڰʮ һ
ˣһץһոƳɵġһʼԣɣӵʱ䣬ϧһĻʦûпԻԴ
֮ǰĵ˵һļ¼죬ֻüӾƿɣֹǱֱ̬ǲܷ顣
»ͷˣԼû뵽ô졣ҲͶȡˣ֮ǰоǸѧͽڵĻԪѾﵽ߲㣬ҪþԪƿ˵ֵ
ĿƬϸ鿴һ£˵ûκ⣬ܾʲôطԣ룬Ťͷĳë
ܰҽһ𣿡˵Ϊոʦô˵Ȼԡ
ϵһǻ̧ͷ˿ƺЩԸΪʦߵʱ򽻴Ҫ˼̾һ˽
ллû뵽⻶涥ãһлһſ
ҲһΪҪһԼƳĿƬͿʦԼĿƬǲȫһ
ۺԪѾһ޶ɾЩطԣô⣬ֻܳڼˡ
֮ǰѧͽʹõһ͸ոһ鿨Ȼȥһϸġ
򵥵˵ʦԼһɣȻһǿƬв
Ϊ֤һ㣬Ҫһ֮ǰһģһĿʵ飬ֱӼһſƬĿȻǸոսĿˡ
ͬԪȭݺݵȥһΣߴĿȻֱӱſڵϣжദͿѣһֱ۶飬ǹƬ̣Ȼվ
ֱۿȥȻ˺ܴˣȴûкһһ׻顣
ʲôطˡ
ȻԼ֮һһǿƬȴǱȿʦԼҪ̫࣬Ȳ֮ǰǸѧͽʹõĿƬ
ʶʦ˵Ŀǰһļ¼仰˼˵Ҫﵽ׼һҪʱ䡣
ԭЩ飬˿Ҳǻָ˻ϸһƿ̣Ѱҵе覴ãǺ٣ʼ˵ڶƿ
ֻ֪ˣʦ˵ļ¼ȷƳɿƬļ¼ûἰ
ʵϣȫʦʵͼɴȣһ˵ĿƬҲͺոһ磬һֵýˡ
Ǿ仰˼ԼĿƬǷȱ̿ʼ޲
ڼ䣬һȥ˿ʦµƿϣһڤ˼֮ǰƿʱĲϸڲġ
ţһЩ
ոǸ˻ڣȻһЩˣӦûԣֻһ顣
һž֮ȭȥǿ˹Ȼܵ˱һλҪһЩ˺˵ģվ
ʱˡ
Լһ֮ȭȻǲװ˼ҿʦĿƬһ¾ͿԽһ˺ǲԼſƬûгɹɵʵЩʧ䡣
ּһţһΣھ޴ȭͷ£ǿҲˣûʦĿƬܴƬ
ˣһſƬһΣ޴ȭͷѾĿҳķѵƬ
Źһ˲кƬҡҡͷ
ſƬֵܵϿʦһſƬǲడʱҪһּ𣬵ȷǼѣȻóԼĿƬһűһҪһЩȻֱ仯رԡ
ôʲôط
ڵ˳˼ﷴĴƿḶ́ҪҳʲôطûŪԡһר־⣬ͻ᳹һеͣһ죬˼ʲôط⡣
ַԪʲô
ſƬһűһȻԪעԼϵʹЩ裬ȻͱʵǿҲкܴϵϾԪļʦһ鿨Ԫ弶ԪĿ϶вࡣ
˵ˣȷԼڻԶûнһӵԼļ£Ȼˣǿ϶ҪŬġ
Ҫƿȣֻ鷳ǣʦ֮ǰµĲԼˡ
˵ЩҲǺѵˣС֮ѪҲһֽ۳ûֲҪ쿨Ƭ϶ǲеġ
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Ϊԣֱȥ˵ԼҪ
ֻ⹷б۾һۣȻǲǣһֺӣΣֺ˵һ䣬ǲǡ
Щˬ׶Ҳͦ󣬲һȻҲôš
ʰ϶ǲеģν򹷻Ŀˣǿʦɲ봥ùͷ
ʱֻ˵һЩû˵ǳӲ˼ļ黰˸һҡһڵ߳ȥһֻһСڵϡ
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˿֮Ѿɫڿʦƽ̨סĸһֻŹֵķƯڿУվӰ
ȷסʦ뿪ˣҽϲ˵еһһ׺ɫĶ񣬽׶Уϵһ׺ɫȻʷǷҷƹһ滹ԿܶɫĻƣ紵棬һᷢ
ȻȻҲ֪ͨĵֵܻ֮ǸǮǰ£ǵֵܻ᲻һ𣿡һӰЦ˵ЩɭȻҲ뱩¶ݣȻҲǴһߡ
˵ɣҪҰ͵ʲôҪҾ嶫ֻҪһžͿԣǸźɫ˵
һӣƴСĺӣľƳɣɫҶݵͼ˵꣬ȡһſƬԪڿƬֳһĺӰ
ӿԽԺͼеӰʾƬϣ˽ӹһ˵ͷû⣬һģҲҪṩ鱨׼ȷϣ
İɣǸȻǿ󣬵ס֮ûʲô֣һЩˣһŹǧʯҲ뿪ˣŶˣһѧͽ֮ûʲôˣֻҪͻľԪ֣ûκвҲŵֵܻһһѧͽ㲻ɣ˵


ڰʮ 
˵ģȻû⣬ŹͲ˵ˣһѧͽҲһԪļ߶ɱ֮ͬ׼ףľԪָǵֵܻǿӵڲƻԪֵǰ½Ž֪ˣҽȥˣһСʱ϶źڶǸ˵꣬ȡһſƬȻ˻һŻӰٵķӹȥ
ֵܻᣬһΪصĴڣڵԪǵԪ綼ǻ˺ۼǳԱأרŸȡ˵Ӳʧ֡
ȻҪӶֵܻˣѵĴ۾ԲһСĿֵܻҲȷֵΪһ֣ٷ֮ٻɹ
ҹ죬һӰͬһǰĿƽ̨Ʈȥƽ̨ΧһѼԪ֣һַӷıʩǾˣܽ룬һ룬̾ͻܵҲһʱ֪Լұ˴ˡ
˿̣ӰڿԪֵʱͻȻһſƬӰһһ㣬͸Ԫڡ
һ۳֮ǰĺӰȻ󻺻䵽ƽ̨ϡ
һڵӰֳԭӣ֮ǰǸû֣ڵֵֻܻһţ¡˵ڵֵܻﻹֻһͼԱǻҲԼʵҪίʵ׾١
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Էڣ˼ˡ
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˿̣УЩͨ۾ƿ˿̵ѾЩħˣһڸղţ˵һѺûûֽһ飬ȻһĿƬҪһЩһ鿨ų״ݻһֻˡ
ֽ⣬ȻҪƿ飬һѾԼһЩʳ￨¸˻
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ӵԪ弶ʵһһʦʹɱֶΣͬΪԪ弶ĸ֣ҲĶ֡
ʦ˲ڣֻʮԪļĿˣһһѧͽڻ˵Щ˸赲ͬ˵ܣҪɲһһºʦʲôҵֵܻ鷳Ҫֵܻᴦġ
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ϸԤԵĺ壬ȻһԤӦָ˼飬ҿӣһӦġ
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öǺöɱ̫ϧסǣٱǽȨתøң˵˦ʮ󿨣һǿΧ˲ͽʿ


ڰʮ Σյһս
ݣʱһ䣬ȻջѣҲ޿κΡ
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ָϱˣָֻԼȡھ󽣣һ
ڣһĿǰǿֻţһԼǷȱҪʤͱҪ䲻⣬ץסٹ
ʿΧײʱȻ޷ͬʱҲȫպھ󽣣֪ԼͶԷԪȼǿ׼һᣬ׷Ȼȥ־Ǽӳ˻Ԫ罣
ļƻܼ򵥣ּĸ֣Բ̽־ͱҪȫԸһԪ߲ȫʩչǿĽ
ȻһпɱͬĶ֣ҲԪļҪɱһԪ弶ĵ˻ҲûָԼһоӮ׼˺С
׷ٶȣԪ弶ֵʱҲһ䲻⣬һȫԸ罣ֱǸˡ
ͣЪ罣ڻڶԷΧһΧ
ĿȻȲö֣ҲûÿסΧֻһսҪһԼһ
С⽣Ȼ˲ң罣У¿Ц˵ȷǲ£Ԫ弶ʵӲԷĽҲ£˵ϵĻ׼ΪǿﻹרĿƬ罣˺ԺԲǡ
һ̣ϵĻ¾ͷ˶ΧĴڡ
⵹ΪԾҪ֪ʦǺϡ٣ڵֵܻʦҲǲ࣬ԼҲǻԵɺ³Ϊʦ֮ԼֵܻݺֶΣϵȡһЩʦʵƷ͵ߣҲǱܸߣҲŬųΪһʦ
ʵϣạ̊́¼ڵֵܻҲǼ֪
ԿǸѧͽȻöҪΧԼЦˣĲмԼʦʵҪƵԷĿֻǼʱ䡣
ֻȻ֪Ҫľ⼸ʱ䡣
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ܿ۳֮ǰɫ˵ӣǻ£ԷȻǲ֪ʲôֶΣ͵Ϯشûлľ棬Ѿˡ
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ڰʮ ʮߺſ
֪ƻܲܳɹһֻ뷽跨Ĳһˡ
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ذף˦ȥ󿨣һѾһè׽ϷҪֶΣ׸ɵǸϡ
俨͸ˣҵҪ㻹ûڹǿɶ㣡˦һץһӴԪȥõĿһֱӱӿг俨ֱ飬ֳ
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ڣųһңʵ̫ˣһǰķǻһſƬֽ֪ǽȻͬ


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˵⹷ںһ˻ԵУѣѵָԼ
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ǻµĿ䡣
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Ϊ˺¶ԷˣթϵĲʬǾǻµģ¿ǵֵܻĳԱԪ弶ĸ֣ȻôңʣܼʮߺɵԪ弶Ŀ϶ʦ֪һ㣬ȻͶ
ѧͽ£˵ĳʦͲڸԼһ֣˵³ͻһµǸΧʦǿҪ֪ʦȦɲһĸ֣ǿӵ˶С
֮ûжҲû˵ǻʱ׼·ͬʱϸ۲ҪϿһЩߣлᣬ̻ᶯָɵԷ߻µĿ䡣
ŶˣҲûж˵ţǱϣȴ˿壬֮ǰȥĹȪˮ˿ڷãҪȡһЩʱ䣬ڶԷֵʱ򣬿Է׷
ʱ˿ʼһ仰˵һ˭мɵ˭ò׼Է
ʵϣ˻һӿԿٵõԷĿ䣬һ֡ӶῨνӶῨǿֱ͵߶ԷϡᡢеĿƬȻӶῨклͨȻӶᣬ߼ģǿָרƷӶġ
ָͬ￨ӶᣬָֻԪӶᣬӶĿƬָ֡
˴˿һӶῨǸ߼ֱָ䡯Ӷᣬǰһصĵطõġ
˵һſƬ̶ȸ޷ϾһֱֿӶĿ꿨ĿƬжôǿȻҪི
ſƬһֱ䱦ûùһΣҪҪʹãֻһſƬȻָƷӶᣬԷж䣬Ȼѡ
ȻǿָѾһö䣬ټϻµĿ䣬Ǿ䣬ʹһŸ߼ӶῨôɹõ¿Ŀֻаٷ֮ʮ
һһ롣
Ȼû취˲ʹôĿƬ֮ǰѾͨѶ˵Ѿ֣˿Կ϶ǸڻµĿ䵱СⶫָҪĶζҪõ
ʱԶҹͻȻһ磬һӴƽ̨Ŀյϡ
統УһӰ
һ̴ʧɫȻóʦеһַдͿͨԶҲԿٸϵ
ʣʹͨϻ˿϶ǿһ뵽һ㣬ٲɨһһݣȡһޱȵӶῨ
һӶῨȻޱȣֵ˵ĻģԼҲܵõֲܴҪһˣ˲ΣҪһġ
ǰٷ֮ʮĿԣҪֱ֪ѾСˣ˾ãкܴӶ߻µĿ䡣
һ̣һâ͸оԼһܿƵĿٷɳһӾ͵˶Է
ãһ㶣ǶѾһץɳȥĶֱʹһŴͿ
˲仯һâ
ոջǿʦƽ̨õķ֣ʮߺֱӽǷֻ飬ȻǵõϢ̾͸˻Ȼһ
˿ҳһŵĳ棬üͷһ壬ֿ˿ȴǼæ߹ȥû°ɣ
ԿȻóˣȻԼڵʱǱʲô
ʦ֪ûΣˣɵ˿Ԫ鿴һԼĿ䣬ͻȻһ


ڰʮ ӿ
һö䣬һö䲻Ǳ˵ģ֮ǰɱǸѧͽĿ䡣
ǰá
ⲻ֪Ǹߵ˴˿ò˶١һӵһȫĵط󣬲żæ鿴ոӶῨӶĿ䣬һҲˡ
ǻµĿ䣬ҲǸղǸѧͽָϵ״䣬һ£֪ôˣƿڴĶû¸װô࿨ʲôⲻǺ𣿡
鿴һ¿Ķ󣬸ᣬǿտҲɶûУҲ˵һޱȵĸ߼ӶῨֻŪһƷһһյĿ䡣
ǿˡ
Էֻһ䣬ôõ¿ĿԾǰٷ֮ʮǻֵһԣԷĿֻܶ࣬ʾͻ̫֪࣬ǲʹø߼ӶῨģ˵ʲôҲˡ
ʵĿ仹в٣ǺɲɵǣӶῨպþȡһöѧͽĿ䡣
˿ȻЩţҲΣ˵⿨ӱɱѧͽŪģûд֣Ӧò֪˭Ľָ뵽Ҳ԰ġ
ʦߣҪ龭ҪȥķһȴҪķѲԽ
һߣҲǵˣȻһγһĿܿ侲ϸһĿ䣬ȴ֡
Ϊ֣⿨侹Ȼѧͽı׼䣬滹Ƕšķ֮ʯһıʯֻʩչʱãһ˵ʦֿķ֮ʯ䣬ֻڤĲϣֻѧͽŻʹÿķ֮ʯЭͷɹʣ
֮⣬ֿķ֮ʯһֹܡ
ǾԪӡѧͽԼӳԼԪӡķ֮ʯУҲ˵ͨԪӡ֪⿨Ψһˡ
ķӦһ£΢΢һ㶡
ķ֮ʯУԪдһѧͽҲǳе飬ǻڱʯԪԼ֣ԼǿˣȻֻǸֻЩԴ˲Żô
һ֣ͨȻ⣬ķ֮ʯеԪǩȴʮϤ
ܿǰʱĳʦĵڵԪ͵ԪĽش˵ԷǱһֻߵĺɵģǸɵѧͽͽ֡
ɺ
ҡҡͷȻܣѧͽӵ֣֪ͬľʹû˵˭˭ġ
ôһöǸѧͽˣΪʲôĿǸС
ˣǸոѡģѡεʥǺѧͽһط˵Ǹһãںɵѧͽʱ񵽵ģߣð˺ݺݵЦЦͻȻ뵽һƻһǿĵӣѾɹΪ˵õǸľӣǸѧͽô࿨䣬ƽ˷ԼҪһŸ߼ӶῨԹޱȣȻˣһ¡
Ϊʲôȥһ£˵СӸɵǸȥѧͽԽˮȻʵǿǿ˳۵ʦǲ٣ʱ˴һ£ȻԵڴǸ½ѧͽҲܴһ¿ԣôɣ˿ЦһԶȥ
ⲻ֪ݶļʵϺʵһǸѧͽȷɵġ
˿߰ƽ̨ĽȴЩɵĿ˿Է
ո˵Ǻʵһƫƫȥ˰ķĴڣֻ˵콵ɵ˵ԼһŲ֪ԼǸܶ鶼ʵ£װͿľҪװͿ
Ȼвɻ󣬵Ҳûжʡȡ˼˿ӳȥ
ƬǿϵһֻɫǧʯԷĿƬΪʮ˺ţȬʥ⣬һʥҫ֮£оԼƾȻ˾ųϣһЩ֮⣬˾ȻȫˣԼذ׹ᴩ˿Ҳǻָ
ʦȷ棬ղʮ˺ȬʥҪ˿㣬弶ϵ˿ܰ쵽ġǰԪ˵ģҪ弶ϵ˿Ѷȿ൱󣬲˿ĺôǣ߼ߵ˿Щ߼˿Ƚϣʮ˺Ҫѷɫˡ
֮Ҳ˹СǲʲôȲ˵ʦܲ˵ʲôԼٻķʮߺʱ򻶻Ѿ˹ȥȻ֪֮ʲô֮ǰ˵ĻҲҪı
֮ǰʵ赣ġ
ֻǿʦϸеӣƺһ㣬һ񺮣ʦ֪ʶȷ൱Ԩﶼ
ˣһȻȥճԣҪ㣬֮½ѧͽһСԣѡһģһĽԣǽҲ㲻ˣȡһ£ȥɣһҪʰһ£ʦ˿˵
˵ͷֱ֮¡
ǺŪȥˣ൱˷ܣ˵õǸĿĿƬʣ˵ķԼʹø߼һɱﵣֻҪŪ߼Ҫӣֱӿðķɱ
Ȼʱûõ˻µĿ䣬йʦĺܶϣ˿ʹҹͻԼʦȼֻҪʦôԼҲĶһˡ

¾Ϊѧͽѡθһ䣬Ҳָյƽʵƽ֮ȴǰӿ˻ϲ˳
ϲȻ˵ǾǶżҡ
ԭ¾żѾ΢һ첻һ죬Ϊ¾ʮ֮һҲ޲
ڣ¾ǵĸ߲㶼֪żһɽǸɽѾͨʥǵĲԣΪһ߹ǿѧͽ
˶żҵƾȻ̶̼죬ѾǽӽҶҺˣȻϲĻҶңΪǵĴСҶϺҲ½ѧͽ֮һϱǿƵҶңǸ绢˸ǡ
ңЩˡ
ԭ֮ǰݹͶżҵΧƻĲκƲǸʧ˺ֺܶ͵ϵӵܣƴǱμʥǵĲԣܳΪѧͽǶ˵һʵǲпġ
ûͨԣһһۣҵļЩûιȥ


ڰʮ ҵ¿ɽ
ǶżңģҺƲݣŶһ۵ҧгݵ˵
үүֽ׶ǾԲǶżҺĶ֣ʱҪѧ̣Ļվеģ˿ҲһмĲޣʲôƾʲôܳΪѧͽ
̣Ҫ̣ǽô죿ɻڴѾǰ϶¶ˣżҵ˲ɵ϶һǿûκֶѹƣʱ䳤ˣǿɾѹסˣһգóŪıƣ˼ҾԵǰ벻Կķӡ
үүҿδôأһƿɴãʱͻȻ˵
Ŷ˻һ㶣Լƽʱܶ࣬ʱô˵϶뷨ͼƻġ
βȻһۣҲύһǷݹǵԪĴʥϣװһλλߣϣװǺͽܵ۹һȻĳЩ滹ҪʤһҷݹĸҲǰԪ弶ĸ֣˵ĿǰҲ¾ǣܵõͷݹ֧֣ҵܺݺѹżңҪҲǲܵ飡˵
ǱҲ۾һһĴȵãüıºóǰͽͭʿĦҲΪһɽĦڣԶˮⲻ˽ʣܺǰϹϵǱĦ⿿ɽҪȹ̶ˣֻûѶȣ˼Ҳǡ
үү㾡ܷģ֪ͷݹСҲӦͼıһʲôһ֪Ŀǰйͬĵˣǲܾǡһ㻹ʮȷġ
˵ͷһôôҿ϶ƻǿ
ʱһҵһ԰ףҴҵ˹
ôˣüͷһ壬ں̸£ߣͲ˴ȻЩˬ
ؼһȺƯڿеġǡ飬ָҪүǸ˼æ˵ҲϿһȺƯڿеĹȻŵùǺ
һ㶣֪ʲô˼Ѿ̷Ӧ˹
үүҳ˳ȥӭӣҲµûǰͷݹˣ̼˵
һҲһæżҵˣȻһȺܳӭӡ
ұ⣬Ȼվʮҹɫ֮ɢɫ׺ȥɱڣһһ˵Ĺ졣
֮⣬һƨŵƯڿУ·ûһ㣬ڿĳˡ
ǰͷݹ
һ͵͵үү˸ɫæǰΰĹ£λңʵԡ
ȻǼʱȴǲҿϾ˼ҷݹϤȴûһ㲻ˬһԺУƺͼƿǹģŴԺ˭ǣ
ͷݹ˴Ʈ˳ݹ˿ֿ˿ˣĵ˵ͷóҵ˻ڵģ˶ӭˡ
ѾʥǲԵҸ˵ˣǸѾͨԣΪѧͽѾǰ϶飬ǺгԹ󣬶ǶûкôǵνΪѧͽʥҲǣҿǿˣһ棬ݹֺ˵
Ѿָʵ̵һҲ˻һͰҲǾ˼ǵģȣҪԸ˵ĸֺöǺĳѾ޷һ㣬ҲҪѧͽν˵ĵ˾ѣټϷڲҲ˽飬ǴһԸ
һ㣬ǵԪѾʽԪͬˣڵԪҲȾָĵԪ磬ӶԴΪǷ¾ǣ˵ڵԪطܶԵԪǿѾһЩཨΪԴԴϵṩԴԪ
֪һ㣬ҲĶˣȱľǸԴԪܶôһ룬˭Ҫ
ң׼ֵ
һݵĻаһϣȴװϻ̳Ͽֵӵݹô
򵥣ֻҪΪҸôǿԸṩһıΪѧͽҲԲҺϣװԣҸԪ弶ĸ֣ٹҪԪʱϣװ⼸Ҳ˳ҸʱҲ϶ˮǴߡݹ˵
һ͵͵ͺһۣӣⰲǹ˳ģҲҵ˼ȱôһſڷ絲Ĵ˰ɽǰһЩҲûκι˼ɵģҲ鷳˵ӶԷҪϽһĺôһ
ĵ˵ͷ⣬̵ԸΪΰİͷݹ·񡣡
ܺãʱ򰲵ŵ˵ͷ˵һ仰
ţ͹½ϢҲþ֮꣡ʱ߳˵̽ܣϾҵļ
ͷҲûоܾǻҪһһζԸϽɺô£һ˽ȥ
ұΪ˰ͽᰲԶԷȫӦҲðʮָˣҲǺϵģҪṩһЩʱҲǺԥӦˡ
һλ˵ʵڲʲô
¸Ͽ˶࣬ң˸ҶԸǣֱɱˣҪ֪ҰҪ˿ʮŵ˵ȷŵıǮĿǰ¾ǣһԪ弶ǿĴڣǽܵ۹ĹʿҲûз
ɢǿϢսʿƮ˳սʿƮһۿɼ棬ףһ˳ֽһ˳ֹ
¸͵Ͽ˶ԪļսʿһԪļоԵƣҲҸĻڣǹʿ۸ңҲ赣ģѹһͷݹһ˵
һǴϲǰ˰սʿפңһ벻ⶼˡ


ھʮ ѧͽС
¾﷢Щ飬Ȼǲ֪¼֮󣬵ڶʾԼԼһ֮ȭʦѾ֪˾֮ļ췽ҲܿͽƲ˼ٶȣ߱һ˿ƽһѪһҲ֮С
ǵ죬ʦͽ̵μͶ
һ˵ѧͽҪʮȫգƽҪ굽ʱ⣬һģҪʮϣԽƬƿͼѶȶɱʹʦʱѧͽͼ
պãһ죬ҲպͼѾѧͽ¼һˣʦȻǺ⣬ֻ֪ʵϻ˴ʱȥоʦϣʱ䣬һ㶼Ȼϵ٣ˣǰüͼϰ
ֱһ֮ȭʯ֮ܣԪ֮顣
һͿƬһͿƬһǿԿٻظԪĸͿƬֻѧͽǳ˺˲һĹͷֶΡ
һԪ֮飬ٻһʩͷΪʩ߻ظʧԪȻظ̫󣬵սУǼơ
ѾƿͼΪ졣
տʦ˵ģ磬ͻ½ѧͽСȣǻཻһ£ܵõһģһĽ
úϢȡõһóɼҸһЩĺͼϣʱооȻһϵʱ䲻ĺҲˣʦ˵꣬ݸһСӡ
ǣЩϲû뵽ʦὫĺҲԼ˵ͻصԼסƫҪȥץʱоһ¡
뿪֮󣬿ʦ૵һǼһҺúѵһϴһ˴££ҿɲøһŽҲñԷǱ͵ˡ֮ʮıرϣʦ֮⣬û˭ǶȤӶֵܻ͵֮˿϶ʦйأ˵мɶ󣬵ڻ˭ġ
üͷ⣬ʱһâٷȻͣ˿ǰ
ſ
ֽſץϸһ¶һ˿ݡ
һǼһĹʥڳǣƵʥȻ֮۳ˣҲ൱ֲսˣԪҪޱˣ
ʦ˵꣬ҲǻһŷſȻ¶һ˼
⼸Ȼо˳Ľʦϣȴûͻһƿʦ
ʦȣʦȼͲȷʵ⼸оܲóĿǰҪ࣬ɴﲻı׼֪Ҫһֻûҵˡ
ӵõһŹֵľӣⶫ϶ǵӿʦ͵ߵģ˵ʵһỹʦֻôԴ
һ¶ܻܿǣķҲװһκͿľԼˣԺһỹʦҲԡ
ȻںĶҲʮֺ棬һҪ򿪣ֺӸܿ򿪣ҪǿԪſԣķԼĿǰԪȼ޷ǸӣٶҪԪ弶С
Σֻܷصľպá
һҹʱܿ͹ȥˣǰҹоһĺҹǺú˯һ⼸켸ǰ϶ϢҲЩԲ
ȵ˵ڶ磬ʰϵ￭ʦѾ׼ˣԸңԼǺʹʱһͨͿ˲һ𣬸ϵһ޴ƽ̨
ȿʦסҪ˺ܶ࣬¾ͷʥǻҪΰ޴󣬾ͬһȡ
£ʦһ޴İʯ㳡ԱߣѾкܶ˵ˡ
һ۾Ϳ˵ԼһͨԵĸˣҲ棬Ҳʮ˷ܣиԵĵʦڣҲ˵ֻǳʹ˸ɫǴ˸к
ҶϺǸӣ˿һĪĹâ
⼸ˣֻɨһ۾ͲٹעͭʿĦȻʱǶǸкܴջ񣬵ǸͼǾǲΪ֪ˡ
⼸طҲһЩѧͽͨʥѡγľһжʮһ½ѧͽжʮ֮ࡣ
ͬҲжʮʦʦ̵Щѧͽ
ʦ֮мʦкҲһЩֻɨһۣ¶˲֮ɫҲ֪ʦȺ嵱УҲԲһ飬һЩҲ⣬ЩͿкĹϵӦǲЩԵģ϶ǹϵ̫á
ѧͽȥǵԪĵͼ࣬㲻ôûƷλɣʱһ޵Ůʦ˹˵ŮƤһֺɫĵǲȴǳһβͣͷϳɫĽǣһ˫۾ȻɫȥһֶĿ־У˵ΪĺܺãشԲҴҲܱ¶
Ůʦ󣬸һѧͽŮʦӦͬһ壬һֺһ˫ɫ۾֮ɫ
ɨ˶Էһ۾ͲȥˣʦҲһƺԷΪ
װɣһԣҵĵӻὫĵӳױȥǸŮʦ˵꣬Ĺĵˡ
סеĹֽϻֻŻˣЩеĹҪΪеĹҧˣŤͷ˵һûͷûԵĻĥȴемӵĿɨ˹
ҲΪ֪رŻ֣˳⼸Ŀķ򿴹ȥȴǿһų۵ʦѧͽƺ˹˶Щ⣬ܿͽ˱𴦡
֪ǸطʦѧͽۿģҲ˵ƵѧͽһЩƵѧͽʵһЩͼʦãĦǸʦһմѧͽĳʦ
ԷղŵĿ⼫ΪޣöԪӦΪˣ֣ǸѧͽɢԪȻǺϺֵһģһ


ھʮһ ƿ
Ҳ˼ǿʦҲֶԪϸ΢ֱлƽһѪܴԪһЩصϣĿꡣ
ûдˣ۾΢΢ðһɲ飬˲֪ʲô⿨ƬԼǸԼɱǸѧͽĿ䣬Է˵ãȴƫƫһƵѧͽһ᲻ᱻǷǿԭ˵ݣ
תһ룬־üԷǸѧͽĽָڶԷĪǻӲ˵ǴԼߵģԷҪô˵Ǳ¶Ǳĵ˾һģ
ǶԷոֵжԵĿ⣬ȴĸӦˣôȻҪһ£ԷԷơ
ʱһȥʦߴ˿˳½ѧͽıʽʼ
½ѧͽһʮͷǵʦѧϰ󣬰մͳҪһԣ˭յĺãյľͳǾһ鿨ƿͼʦߴźĳۣͷħڣſŵǧʯҲһ̬ǧΪϾͲãǶǧʯ˵ԽϣǴԽҲԽʦߵ˵ߣȴǿԴݵÿһ˶ޱȣϸ۲ʦߣԷԪȻ͸ԷԪȼȻԷԪȼȴ֪ӦҪȿʦҪ
Եʱ򣬻ṩֻṩһһſϣҲ˵λѧͽֻһƿĻᣬһʧܣǾͲñˣƿĹ̻ʱ˭ƿƵĿ죬ܵõ߷֣ǻҪڽԼƵһԲʯʯһ֮ȭ˭˭ܻø߷֣ͳƿʱͿƬӷߵģǾǵһմͳһõһʱԼƿϣӵнһͼݵĻᡣʦ߽Ź򣬶˵һʱеж¶ȵĿ⡣
ʱʹƿϣѾ൱ѵõĽˣʦҪֶ˵ѧͽˡ
Ǻһǻǲ̫Զ
һνͼݵĻᣬĴֱʣҲ˵ĵطڳ½ѧͽԪʥãʦʷףȻҲ֪ͼʲôط
ʦʥأ˵ܾúܾ֮ǰʹˣԶ޷ʦֻλ뵽ͼݣͼлĸףԨʦ֪澿жٱ飬Ҳ֪滹жδ֪鼮
һ˵ѧͽûлͼݣֻгΪʦ󣬲λᣬ½ѧͽıҲһкܾõĴͳܾǰԵĵһһνͼݵĻᡣ
˵ĵط
ǱߵĦȻҲ֪ͼݵҪԣ߬ȭͷһҲţԻ½ѧͽĵһ
ǴһʼģһǿһѧͽʦҪĻƬȵƿٶȺͿƬڣʮ׼ʱ䣬ʮӺ½ѧͽϳʼԣǻרŵʦʦУʦ˵꣬ǲ˵
£еʦѧͽʼ׼
Ϊкܶ߼ʦڳкܶǰۿԵʦѧͽԳʮ࣬˭ܴȻ˵˵ҲҹֻǰʦҪ׼Ҫ̸ֻǵȱ֮ˡ
һߣʦûʲôرɽģǺĵģҪ֪ڿһ˿ƽѪѧϰɹѾǺõļ¼ƽˣֻҪȫԸҪõһӦòڻ¡
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ǽʱ䣬Ҳû˵ǽһЩųԺĿһ鿨ƿ̺һЩʦ̵ļɡ
Ҫ˵һǺϤģϣһٰţҲһαһҪһЩ˵ҲģҲܵģһС˱ԣǺһνͼݵĻ
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ˣ½Ķʮѧͽһϳɣʦ˵꣬ǰһ̨ӣ̨ϣֱ˶ʮľÿһľ϶ڷһƿϡ
һСƿ֮ѪһСֽ۳ֻһεģ಻٣ȻϵҲһ֡
ͬʱǸʦһ̴̨֣һ޴ʯ顣
ʯַǳΣ֮ǴʯֲҲеʯ;ʯʲô˵
ʯһǾԼƺõһ鿨ʯʾǿƬָʦ˵̨꣬ӣ⣬жʮʦǰרΪÿһѧͽʱ
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ѧͽҲɫ졣
ڼʱʼǸʦߵһ£ѧͽ̿ʼƿ
հ׵ĸƿʦƬҲҪĸΪ
ԣĸٶȣҲһ̶˵һƿʦˮƽ
̨ϴѧͽھһſհ׵ĸֻиģֻһʱ䣬һĸ
֮һϸĸʱҪһЩǱĦҲٶȼƺĸɨһۣҲвƿɹЩջ۵ǸƺԼҪһЩ
ߣʲô˲ĸƵÿ첢ʲôҿ϶һĦаץ֮Ѫƿǵ˳
ͬʱмҲͬĶ
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ĦĽ֮ѪܵĸϣһںϿƬѪҺһɨһۣһ۾һɲһгΪ֣Ȼǽ֮Ѫ۳һĸһ


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û϶ʤУҪһͣ׳գôͬʱںϾ֮Ѫ۳϶ʧܣΪˣĦ𿴵Цһȴǲȥּı֣϶ֻʧܸա
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ѧͽͬǣһЩʵʦһԽֲһںϵĸĶȴ·ζı顣
Ǽƿܣһѧͽ½ѧͽôѧָ߶˵ƿҪ֪һЩʦģַ裬ҲżмصļƿΪ˽ʡʱʱİ취޴Ƕ໨һʱ䣬ֻҪƬȥˣлᣬôһʧܣǾǱɣһʦһĻҡͷ˵
˵ʦ˿ҲһãȻȻҲû뵽ַƿƿȻ֪żмصһƿֶΣֻΪѶ̫󣬶ԪͿҪ̫̬ԼʦֶεҲ࣬ԼȻᣬַܽڸѧͽ
ϸһ֪ⲻǼƿ˵һ𽫲ںϣóĺܶϸںַͼƿͬ
ʲôʦҲһɻ
Ϳʦϵʦʱ߹Сʵ㽫ƿڸˣ
ΣҡҡͷʾϣǼʦҲֻƶƣҲ֪ûƭˡ
ǸȷԼ֣Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬ͬʱںֲϡ
ǿֲƬֱǺ֣ԲܳɹġΨǸʦߣ˿·˼ɫ
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ǣΪ뷨Ƭ뵽һںֲϡ
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ΪմͳĹ򣬲ϷμںϣȷǺףֻҪȷİѿʱ͹ԼԪͿһҲΪʲôܿƿɵԵʡ
⵱ȴһ⣬Ϊ̳ҷ˼裬ԲϵԼԪںϣͻкܶ࡮ʧ
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޹أȫȣö࣬ȻѿؾҪ׼ĿƬҲԽǿ˵üʱ䣬ôͳĹ죬ԴﵽͿʦһ
ڴͷβҲֻʱ䣬ǲҹϰΣ
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ǾǽԭĹƷ
ΪڣֻҪ֤ͷβһµģôмĹΪʲôı䣿˲ͬǣ̫سɹ棬еʱҪͨʱͱͨȻ뵽ķӾǽԭҪߵںϹ̣ϲΪһ
Ϊ˺ܶΣɹˣֻҪԪ߲ľԪͶԪľ׼ƣôͿͬʱںϾ֮Ѫ۳һ֮Ѫľ֮Ȼʺϵʱ̷⿨
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ȻҵôһݾҪƬҲҪϰԼԴķĿƬǰҪһ࣬෴õʱ䣬ҪԭĹҪ١
ȻһαԵĿľҪ˭ƿʱ̣ǿôԴһַó
˵Ŀ⣬ûйעȫŵںϿƬϣҪٷ֮ٵͶ룬ϾڻʦƿϻĶãֲһںϣ˿á
ܿ죬ͽֲںϵĸϣһ֮Ѫеһ߿۳ģ˵ɣַȻһۣһˮϷǳ
صǿ죬Ƭ֮ƿͬʱĿƬʾ⣬ʱʦдõʱ䣬ʦһƿʱʮ룡
ܣȻƿǱߵĦ⻰ЩĿƬŪȷǴһϾǳǸ뵽Էһںֲϣǳɹƿ϶Ȼۿۡ
뵽һ㣬Ħ𷴵Цһȶƿ
Ҳһ棬ɫ죬лɡвмЦҲغһ˿˿ڴ
Ȼ󲿷˶Ϊǡ桯ĳɹˣַ˼ķôܳɹ˵ԷֻǿƬɣƬȴһͿ
Ҫֿ֪ԲûУǰѧͽùͬսԣǾǼƿʱ䣬֤ƿĸ߷ֻҪ˵ĿƬһЩҲпƾ߷ڡ
ֿԲ󣬶ʦ˵ƿʱȻһҪأǿƬҪҪֻҪ˷ڿƬȣôսվˮһա
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ĪǼƿȷǲ񰡣ʦ߶ͬ⣬һ̣ƺ뵽ʲôɫ䡣
ĪǡԼġ
ڼɵľ͵ԭأƬ̣һѧͽڶɣӣɶȲߣҲ̫ǿ󣬲ѧͽƿҶϺǵɵģĦǵĦӣȻԿƬġ


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ǵʮһɵģ˵ѾǺܿٶˣ֮󲢲ɣһͷˮ
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ʱһѧͽ﷢һУΪżҲܽţҪɵĿƬͻȻûպԪֱصһ顣
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ʮѧͽſƬոոյľϵıǰһ
˵ڶʮţܿ죬һѧͽǰһǸ޴Ĳʯ˾֮ȭƬ
䣡
һ޴Ԫȭݺǲʯ棬һ˵һԽһСɽƽǴ˿ǲʯϣȴǷ·ʯ󺣣ǲʯ𶯶ûһ£ƺôһ޴Ԫ֮ȭǸʯһ㡣
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ڻûвԵֻмѧͽˣ֮һҲֻܽϣϣϣڿƬϻһ߷֣ȻҪǸĦЩѶȣĦһεĳɼȷ൱ã֮ǰƿʱܸߣֻҪһεĿƬܳ200ϣô˵ֿܷʤԷһ
ϴҪͣ溰
һߣһϳʱ˲˵עϾƿʱĲʹƼƿѧͽǸ̵ӡ
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²ûйƿ׶αֵĺͻƬȴһͿʤ
Ҳм˶ķӼǾǿʦǸħʦߡ
ߵλãҲûֱͣӳǲʯһ
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һ̣ʯȻǷһ΢𶯣Ȼһָڲʯ档
300
һʦѧͽ̲סһ
300㿨ƬָⲻܣҲһƵѧͽ˿̼Ǹ߼ѧͽȻ֪һҪͻ300жôѡ
˼飬ǲʯòỵ˰ɣ
ʯǴıôܻˣҿġ
߿һһ˫۾Ҳ͸žͺ棬ĵѾǵһˣƿʱ죬Ƭ˼¼ǸŻҪߣⲻǵһʲô


ھʮ 
ܣԲܣĦ𿴵300ָֽűһԸѾԵĵһԼ֮ڣһƼ¼300߷ֱӽһжˡ
ľͲȣǻȸԾ
ϵϴ󣬹ȻЩһôϴǴһԵԪһٲļ¼ѧͽԵߵ÷ּ¼ԺҲŷˣ
˾ȵĿУ˻ɼûر⣬˵ʵͨͬʱںֲϵķʽ˵˿ƬҪȡһóɼԤϵУǱȲϿʦĿƬǰһ͵͵á⽻¸˻һʵ飬ڣֻſƬͿԽһ˳׻顣
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滹мѧͽûвԣĽҪȫг˶֪һαԵĵһѾѡ
300ָҶԷƼƿֶƿƿٶҲǵһ˭ܳԽ
ʣµļѧͽҲû˰㶷־Ҫ˵֮ǰ230㣬ȻҲߣô߲ʣǻһƷܳԽһ£300ָңɼҲǿٵļƬߣȻûһַܳ
ĽҪ֣еʦܸɴ˻ʤߡ
ĵñ½ѧͽԵĵһõһʱƿԼһšĶĶֻһΣԽ뵽ͼ졣ʦ˵֮󣬱ǽƷڶѧͽĽʺ޵ı鵱Уϡ
˵ʵвʱԽƷһͺҴСʱû̫ȤЩõһϰеƿϣЩοЩϣʱڣҪΪ϶ġһĶƷзصһ
һԵĿʦ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
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ʦʲôԸһ㶣ò῭ǿһĶҪԼҪɣԼǸǲ
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ĪǸĳֿƬ͵һöѧͽʲôȻԷѾ֪ǿȥѧͽУԶԷʹһ϶Լġ
Ҳԣ
˵ԷôȷԼɱ˵ģҪָԼԷҪȷ֤ݣָظվסţǶԷóһö֤ȥѧͽУ֤ǴԼõġ
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޴˵ĻҵĿ̣ɱˣҿ֮⣬û֤ݣѧͽʮ֡Ͽҡ˵
˿̣һ֮ʾ˵ҵĵɱˣδ̫Ϸˣô˵
ˣӼ⣬ҿҲһشһشɱ֣Ǹƺ޿֣һ뷢ȴǰʦʾʣش𣬱˻Ϊ飡
˵ûԷ׼Էûἰѧͽ£Ѿ֪϶ǶԷǻóǸ˵⣬ҲǸõ֤ݡ
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ǸѧͽЦһʵ㣬ģƬ׹ϣ¾ǰɣ㵱ʱʲôλãʲôûǸɱѧͽ


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⼸⣬˼ƽϣԷʵ⼸⣬Ƽ򵥵ʵϷǳ꣬һûǲԼɱǸѧͽȴûǸѧͽһĲ죬⵱оʹ¡
ȷԷٷ֮ǸָʹԼģ֮ôΪԷ֪ǲԼɱˣȴȷԼǸѧͽΪǸѧͽԼϾͳ֤һ㡣
ֻҪԼһ⣬ôԷ϶з֤ԼĻǻԣԼǸѧͽԼϵɾ͸ˡ
һ룬һߴݲȵĻش⣬һ⣬ֱӷϡ
Ц¾ԲܳϣһԺ鷳»ࡣ
ȻͬԤϵǸѧͽ̷һЦͻȻȡһſƬһšѿһϡеĹƬ԰ٷ֮ȷһ˵ľ滰ǻѻһ⣬ҽܲѿбôȻǲඡ
ѿ
֪ԷʲôˣΪǸԵʣԷ԰ٷ֮ȷԼǸȥѧͽҲΪǸѧͽԼʬϴ磬ֲô飬һ˶ϡǣǽһֱӡݡԼɱˣ޶֤Ϊ˵˭Ἣһ㣬Ϻ߼档
ǣѿǳˣǲ˵ǲԼɱˣֻûмߣϷ֮֮𣬵Ϊ֮ǰķϣһ˵ѣôҲǣҲǣʱǰٿĪ磬˵Ļʵɱ˵
ȷһüƲߣˣʱ϶Ŀɿڴл֣̿ҪĿڶȻҲЩţ˶Բߡ
ѣû⣬˭̩ȻǸָѧͽһ㶣ԷסȻָֻʹָ֤ȷ¾ǵʥǣָʹ˱֤ѧͽϵõԿ϶Ǽץסһ仰ҪѣֻҪ֤Է˵ǼٻôһڹԷǱˡ
ŲæԼѧͽ漴ҽ̩񣬺ѧͽסͬһʥǡ
˵ͷʣ̩˵ۿɱˣôҺ֪㵱ʱΪʲôֹУ˵ʱӦֻ㡢ߺ˶𣿡
ûôʲôֱӽܲѣң˵˵ѣ̩˵ֻ̫࣬ҪԷһѣôжˡ
ûٺ̩˵ǻܵʣһǰһѧͽǿѧͽɱˣͣΪʲô̩ҲɱˣҪôһ֤ˣѵв𣿡
ֻһ仰˾̻Ȼ
԰ʵ˵Ƶѧͽκβһѧͽˣô˵Ҳ˵ȥҼԷԽɱˣֶײУҲֻɱһŹһ
ֵ˭뵽Ǹ̩ȻҲܣɫѿȴӲͷƤ˵ôûã׵ģòѿѣ㲻ң˵⡣
ҿԲѣҪȲ⣬㲻˵Ŀɱô˵ģҶò⣬ֱӳɱˣôҲңֱӽ˶Էһ̩һֱưˡ
ſԿһʺڶԷԴϣֻҪԷ˵ѣôһо´󼪣û뵽Ʊ磬ͽת
̩񵱼֧֧˵ͷϵ亹ֱոȫ˵ϹΪһָʹһλǳѧͽԷʦһ߼ʦʵǿﲻ𣬶ԷҲŵܶôֻҪɹӴԺƽƣû뵽龹Ȼ˲
Ҫ֪һѧͽҲǴ˿Щﻢˡ
һĻΧʦѧͽҲɵӣʶô¡ʦȴҡҡͷ˻ȥ޴һһǸܸѧͽȻʮֲ
Ħ˿ЩʧϣԷܰ⵹ܵɱһԼͿԶԵһλãЩƷ
ϧõԸʵֲˣĦ˳ǸҲԼղû˵ʲô򷴵װԼȥ
һߣеһǸʦҲǿĵһۣһԼСС̩ҵˣ̫ˣһֺƣȴǴӡ
СҲˣ˿ȴһʦҰʧ󣬲ģ̩Ǹһﻹҳǣһеڶ׼ƻ
ʲôƻǸ߼ʦʵ
Ѿ͵͵֪ͨ˵ֵܻˣӦڿʱֵܻҲҶԸǶԸĵȴǲ⣬Ѿ֪ͨǣմͳһ½ѧͽᱻ۵͵߷Ϣķ籩Ƴǲ׽ǸԵߣʱֵܻɱ־ͻڰ·ָɵǸҲܴˣСæС
ã²Ҫٸˣ߼ʦ˵꣬ǲٿǱߵ̩˿ƿԣһ֪⣬һһҲ֪ܸ治ܳɹˣǲ˵һʦܸδ̩ƴߡ
һ־磬ֵ⣬Ҳ⣬̶̼ӵʱѡ
ˣǸ̩ǻе飬½ѧͽһսǰ籩ƳǲԼߣʦֻܸṩߣһѧͽǸʦ˵꣬ǼһſƬ˲䣬гһ޴Ư󴬡
ۣһٶȺܿķ½ĶʮѧͽǳۣԶ͵籩ƳǣҪ׽ԵߣѾ֪һַǳķԲϣӵзеȻҲкûߵ֣֮ܵõʲôƷʵģͿԼˣʦ˵꣬£ڣжʮ½ѧͽεϷۡ
Ϳʦ˵һߵݸһſƬ
Ƿſʲô£ԽϢдƬֱӼʱҾ֪ˣԼһСģ˵꣬Ϸۡ
ȵжʮѧͽȥ֮۲ŷͬһٷӳȥת۾ûӰ
Ȼٶȼ죬ڲȴʮƽȣװβĲ壬ҲǸ̾ԪĿƼʵַǰ֮ڶƳ
ʱл˵ˣղǸʺϣȴûʲô˼ɡ
ϴ󣬹ϲ˱Եĵһֲһںϣ⻹ǵһμҵĵʦҲ޲ڣһЦ˵


ھʮ ·Ϯ
öѣƿʵɹҲߣһɹƿٶȺȥ˵ʵֲͬʱںϣȷǴһķգǸ߷ո߻رԪ߲ԪȺͶԪĸӦƣʵϳɹʻܴﵽ˳ɣȻֻͨˣĳɵĳɹʾͲˡ
Ǹƿ𣿡ʱʵ
˵ֻһݾѣѧҲԽ㣡󷽵˵Ǻεġ
ðϲͽͬʱںƿϵķԪ÷棬ҲǴ֮ˣǼ£ϸһҲǵ˵ͷ¶һ֮̾ɫȻ൱ķҸԡˣղϴǸ̩ҿӦָʹ϶Ļ֣ҪС
ҲˣѾмƽˣҲ֪Ļ˭Ժᵱĵġ˵꣬뵽һʦѧͽӣԷ϶Ǳ뿭ʦסĻʹӦǿʦĵˣҪ͵ľӣ˿̻ԼʲôʱһὫһ¿ʦ뵽ոƺҲһ۶ԷһԵʦ͵ӣ֪һҲɶԷˡ
ʱ岻֣˵ǸǿʦǸαװ˵ѧͽҲͨˣԷǸ߼ѧͽѾԪ弶ԼΪԱҲŬԼʵ
һεõ½ѧͽԵĵһõһνͼݵĻᣬ㲶׽Լ߾ǰȻͼʦƳ磬ô϶ͬĵط
۵ٶȺܿ죬һֱ赽ƶ֮ϣ۵Ĵ֮Ҳ͸ˮԿľɫԿƺһߣǰɫƺУȻкܶණش
֪ƲеڹԪʥõʷонܣ߾еһǱɵԪڿзеٶȼ죬һǰķ籩ƳǾ˵ߵϳһֳɵߣƷʻﵽɫȼļóãһĳԪӡ˾پͶ
ʱһҪСٶҪĺɫٷ˹ͬиһ㣬ֱӳ۵ǰһŰɫӰ˦һſƬصһ£гһ޴ޱȵ֩
弶޵
Ǹ˵ֱ꣬ײھ޴֩ϣ󶯵á
۵е½ѧͽһˤöᣬһùֱײһӣڼ½ѧͽʵҲǴﵽԪļ̶ֳȵ𶯲ʲô˺
ǾȻϮˣһѧͽӵһۺ˵
ʲô˵ϮǣѵǷˣһѧͽҧгݵ˵ȷǿѧͽܿܳΪʦĴڣԪʥãԪ磬˭Ҷǳ֣
ոҲǱǰ˼ס壬˿һͫһǸɫͬһķǷкܶСڲϵĿȶȻٶȫԽۡ
ϣվһɫˣ˵ĴϢ뵽Ǳĵ
֪˰˳ɾǳԼġ
ȻǸվڷϵ˿˵ˡ
ϵ˶ˣ֪˭ʮ½ѧͽĲԪļĴڣǲ룬˭ôӸϮǣҿԸǣϮǵǷ磬ֵܻĸ᳤
һ˵꣬вѧͽǾһг˼ɵͿ־塣
ЩͰ档
𣿡棬Ѿȷ˾ǳԼģбҪŪԷĵϸ
漱æС൱ֵܻһ֯˵࣬ʵѾѷκһ۹ҪǿڵԪ޼ɣһ˵ǵԪ磬ǻĺۼڿȻ٣ǵֵܻĵĸ᳤ٶԪ弶ʵ֮һ˵Ѿһˡ
˵ͷ˵ĶǴԣеʱ򣬴δزţôڶѾһʶ
ҴӶԷԪϸӦȷһԪ弶ĸ֣Ԫ弫еϵȴڣǸķɵĵҪǿôһ㡣
ôжϿоݣϴǸʵѾǿˣټʦݣǼսʵǰϢñϴεĵѶԸʣ£ԼԲǶ֡
ҪָΣ
˼ЩʱǸǲҪ£һֻǵеһˣ֮⣬˿԰ȫ뿪ҾԲᶯһһ
˵仰۲ڵѧͽǶǰ˿ԷȻֻҪԸһˣôǴ󲿷Ӧöû²Ŷԡ
˭ʦĵӣԼɣĵʦɱҵĵӣôɱһӣ֣һһ˵
Ȼң̾˿£Χѧͽ֮⣬ȫ˼һͬһˡ
һﵱһµļһȻ˵ֵܻķ磬Ǽһĸ֣һԪ弶Ķ֣˵ɱҲΪˣԶĦ˿̼ޱȣһϷɫ
Ƿ羹Ȼ鷳ģҲһ㶣ȴ⣬˿ȴȡſƬһԴɫϴȥǷǺǿҲҳ׵Ԫʥã㲻ȥԲ
ĵӣΪû£Ǿ̫Сҷˣʮ£㲻Ҿͽۻˣȫɵҷ˵һ
Ѿһɽգ˶ǿϣȥߣѾʼˡ
㵼ʦǳģĪǴǣˣ
ǰǶ޹ģһһ˵ʲô㶼Ӧȥ
ȥǷһˣɱ˵ó
ĹǺʱҲ֪˵ʲôǱĦҲ˵㵱ҪΪһ֮˽ϧ˶Ϊ𣿡
ѹûĦȻ֪ԷȻԼǶڷﲻȥҲûãԴӸղſʼͿʼﻮ׼ˡȡ󿨣ȡ֮ǰļһ֮ȭʯ֮ܣйʿ￨⼸ӵõԪļ￨


ھʮ 򲻹
棬ȥһܸ㶨ļЩУֻԼˣȻҪһöԷʲô嶯飬һ㶣˵ʲôȴһ˫ᶨ
ҲɵǷȻ϶̣Ƕ϶У֪ʵǿȻȥ϶ɡһʽ룬Լȥܰʲôæһߵİ취ԼóȻȥֻǳΪƿ
뵽˵ͷ
棬ҲûˣǶԴһԵĲ˦ſƬٻýʿһԾ䵽˹ıϡ
Ȼϵӵܲ翴޴ĹǹɭɭֳֳƵýʿҲðһɾ⣺Сӣǿĵӣеûˣɣ㽫Ȩңҿʹһ㣡
˵ͬʱͷųһǿԪԪ弶ʵչ¶ţһԪ弶еٮٮߣͬʱס۵޵Ҳ漴ʧһƣǰӳȥ
Ȼȷ鷳ֲʦԿֱӷˡ
˭һأʿɱ֪粻Ʋ磬ȶ֣һԾȴٻ߼ӳΧѾԶҲԼعˡ
ߣٶȻ죬зеҲ
ߣһ׼弶ҶԿҷŻǲһХĹҲһϵĶ˴ǸɫķϷʿսһ
ϵĶȻҲһֿ԰˷еĵߣóԷ½սǸȫϸСĺɫԲԶ롣
зһ˿ЦҲ
ոĬΪ£ΪԲߣ֪Լ϶Ķ֣ûи߼ĹðķԴ򲻹Ļֻӡ
ڵӡ
ԷʵǿһٶȱۻҪĺɫ֪ԼùƴȫҲߣٶȱȶԷԶˣ俨ҲûаգϾһǿĵһԷʲôԷ俨ôԼѰ·
ǣ뵽һӡ
Ǿһ߶ԷǸɫٶȼ죬ôԷ׷ϲϡĶԪʥõһЩʷ֪֡ԪʥõһеĿƼƷۣһִ͵ĿԳض˵ķǸɫȻߣʤٶȸ죬Ҫ߶ַʵҲܼ򵥣ַһֿƾʯֻҪԪעͿԿٷУҲ˵ֻҪһĸɫͿƨˡ
ֻѰգԴ󣬶Դ󣬾пɳ֮
½֣ʿȻȫǷѹסߵĹʵ̫ˣӣʿֲ˶á
ҲǶ˵̼սʹúھ󽣣ͬʱһһԾ֮ȭˡ
һΪֳƬκң翴ͷµľȭЦһеһ͹ɫذȻһһǿԪͬһ
飡
֮ȭͷĹһ𣬾Ȼ໥𺳣Ҳ̫˰ɣûм˭ֱӶԿһԼһѾ弶ĵȼ
СӣɣԿһҲ֪ȻֻһѧͽһֱԼҲ鷳ֱӳָɵ
ٶȼ죬ҳԤϣգ֮͵ǰоһǻӽ񵲣ͬʱñδһ𹥻磬ϣԷˡ
Ƿ̫ɫذ׾Ȼžһ£ĺھ󽣣δֵĹҲԷϼӳԪĶ档
ãҧ⣬ڶԷذ״Լؿڵ˲䷢׷缼ܡ
ಣ
˲䵽ʮ׿⣬ΣıܿһǴɱؿھʹͷһѾ̴ұһ˿ڣѪϵæһ˿Լոһ£ͻᱻֱӴ̴
졢׼ݣǷĹʽ
֪ԷжôֲʵϷǿԸɵʿģֻҪõһūͣûɱ֣ǶԼոշǶ
㾹Ȼ㿪ˣҲЩԾ˿Լɫذף¶ֲɱһΣɣ
ʱһӰͻȻӷͷ£ͬʱһĺ⣬Ȼ͵Ϯ硣
߷Ӧ죬㿪ͬʱѱһײǸ͵ϮĺӰͱ˳ȥʮס
ⷴӦٶȣֱզ࣬һҲ̫˰ɣ
ٿǸ͵ϮĺӰ˿ҲˣɨһۣȴĿɿڴȻ벻ͻȻְԼ͵Ϯ˾Ȼ
ҶϺ
˿̣ҶϺһСɵĺɫ򣬴ԷڿУһǷʺϴ̻ʺϿɱ
벻ףҶϺôԼʲôʱӷģ
ҶϺЦ벻һŮԸ㣬ϧһҪŮΪһֱƲ㵱Ҿͷֲ𣿺ߣɡ
˵꣬ϵͽȻ仯⣬ȡһͽϳĳһֳذףһֳֽƱ֮ǰ˺ֹһ֪ղ϶ѾҶϺǲΧΪ˼±͵ϮʱСģҶϺҲƳ϶Ҫʵ
ʱԼҶϺ
˵в⣬ӦǱĳаʶռҶϺΪʲôҪðΣԼڲЩʱ
Ҫ֣˦һ󿨣ҶϺߣ
˦ûУΧʮ󿨹㣬صһĿ
һΧһ
ո͵͵µģ֮ǰЭʵΪ͵͵󿨣ΪأǷûз֡һ󿨾ģ·ͳﻮˣڹӳԼеһһţʱһ𼤻ɲ磬ҲƬ̡
ȻɲԷĿԸԼ˲䣬æкһҶϺͬʱɢʿٷԶǸɫ
ҶϺҲǺԥٶȲʹߵ٣˼ͬʱ˺ɫǰС


ھʮ ҶϺ
ҵƾʯעһԪɫڶСͽʼһɿһ̣ɫһɫӰȥ

ʱ䣬ǷͻõĿܳһۿ͵ġɫ硯ﳤȥЩ衣
û׷Ϊ֪ɫ硯ٶȣһס綷񡯵ٶȸ׷ϡ
绹кУںɫϣԪӡƾһ˿Ԫӡ۶Էӵʲôط綼׷ٵֵܻУ󲿷ֳԱʦΪйĳԱʦ׷ɱϳȻֱɱ
Ƿ粻£һûĵʦ߼ʦҲаٷ֮ٵİһǣк̨
ĺ̨һΪܵĴڣһ˸֪ǷԼ̫Լ̨ݣȴ֪Լ̨ӦҲʦйϵּߵʦ֮һһιӶӻµĻ֮ˣҲһ߼ʦԷ粻£ĵ˾ûԼŻ޿֡
С飬Ϊ͵ҵĺɫ´ˣץҪÿ˭Ȳˡ˵ȻֹΪͻȻ֣һ˿ͺɫԪӦͻȻжϡ
һϸ߱˼һ㡣
ĿɿڴʵǲףΪʲôԼµԪӡʧѵǶԷֲԼԪӡ
ⲻܰԼԪӡʵԼ˲ʱһٷһһץͽǹץ
һŷſ
˿鶯˶ӱŭ侲ڸͨ籨ţϮ۵Ѿʦ֪ˣ˿мʦڸ뿪
ֻ֪ݱܷâˣһ̣һƾʧƲ֮ϡ
˿һ߲ٿһɫһڷڵһ䲼˶ص俨
ɫƾԪĳǿӦһ۽һ˿˿޵Ԫ֪ǷµԪӡֻҪԪӡڣɫܵʲôطǸ綼ܸӦ׷
ȻӶûֱֶĨһԪӡӣǾ俨䳹׸롣
һ俨²ֱӲǶףԪһ˿һܲ϶Ҳ᳹ʧȥĸӦ
ʱſʼעԼƣؿڵĴ˴ںܴ󣬼ʹ˿Ҳֻ΢һЩѣΪڴԴ˿ѪԾͣæȡѪľҺȪˮȺ˼ڡ
һĬҶϺڿǹȪˮʱ۾Ȼһû˵
˹Ȫˮ˿ڲ𽥺תʱҲǺ²ѣոԼֻǺͷӴһ£ЩɥԷʵǿĿ£֪ԼԪ弶ԲǷֵ˵ĵ֡
ҶԷôɺϵڰ·أרԼеζѾǲԶȻڰͨ籨ţľǸ˺ĵʦ
ûʱ˼Щʱһ鷳ǻһ鷳ǾҶϺ
˿Ա߲ԶҶϺʮɻ󣬶ҶϺϤ˵Ǳĳаʶ֣ΪʲôðհԼ
£Լ͵͵úÿɫߣҶϺڵҶϺҲ顣
ɻ
ΪʲôҪң룬Ǿһ¡
¾ǺһκҶϺ棬ͷƺԼһġ׽У£Ūס
ҶϺʻȴޱ˵һȻĻͬ࣬ȻҪ
ͬࣿ
һ㶣ͻȻ֮뵽ʲôһʼ֪ҶϺǱĳаʶռΪҶϺӦаԪ
ԪеԼڴǸֺӰһģնһֺӰĴ֣һֵԼһɱﵰҼӳ俨󣬿ⴥѼ
ԣӦԼԪôԼԪУҲһ˿˿аԪ
ҶϺԼ̬ȣ᲻ΪаԪŻᷢ仯
룬ֿԺܴãܿҶϺΪһԪԼͬ࣬ô͵Ļô֮ǰĺܶͶ͵ͨˡ
뵽ֿܣЩЦãʱҶϺƻԪ΢Ӧֻһĳ̶ȣڳ˯֮ǰ϶˱һҪأռһ壬ѾƻԪĳ̶ȣȻҪԸԪ弶ĶֻǲһЩһֱҪദĻᣬڻˣֻҪƻԪںһôǿ϶ͻƵƻĳ̶ȣʱնɱԪ弶ͬһֻһףһҵķӡһںϣԳΪȫҲ˵ʱеԪ磬ᱻǲڽ£
ҶϺĻʮַҲǼԼı飬ŲЦֻ¶ı顣
Ļ֪Լ֮ǰĲ²Ӧˡ
ҶϺڵȷǱĳǿаʶˣҽ׵ĿסаԪ϶ֹͬһҶϺԼǰͬ࣬Լںϡ
ںϣȥƺôһ˿˿棬֪Բһ顣
˵ƺԥҶϺô㻹ʲô˼ɣˣ֪ˣΪռݵһ̫ǰɣҲ޿κε£ұӡʱѾֻԪʶܸоӦûСƻ塯ҿԣҿԷһ壬ת壬ֻƻ壬ܳǡ
ƻ壿
˵ʵڵ̫̫ˣ治֪ôʣһʴǻáҶϺ־ͻɣǿɲҪĽ
һ£ȻԷͨһֵԵʲŽԼͬģô˵ƻ壬᲻һ֣
뵽һ󵨵ͷû˵ǽһϼӳֵȡ
ҲǷרſԼӳֿƬĿۣŻͻ룬󷨼ӳȥȡ󿨣εĴԳԭΡ
߰׵Ĵִ˿ζ潨ۼ׺ͼļչֳһǿĹ֮⣬ɢһ˿˿Ԫʧȥ俨赲һɢ


ھʮ Ǭݣһ
Ȼƻ壡һ׺Ĵ֣ҶϺ˫۷Ź⣬æǰһִĴ֣·ڸһ㣬һĻʮֹ죬Ҳ˵ʲôһμȻлھһЩȤܣȻǲҶϺĶ
ȻһֻǵƻһСĲ֣ȴʺҼľӣһƤȴҪǿֲ̫࣬㲻ԸںϣԭиõҶϺһĽ˵
һûбֳĬȴǳʵôô
ôȻǺںϣڵ壬ʱҲֱ˴ˣңҾ㣬ǵʵἱնɱԪ弶Բڻ£ҶϺ˵󣬾Ȼſ죬һаԪ̴ðʼ뵽һֵС
һû뵽⡮ҶϺ˵ɾ͸ɣԼǻûͬⰡ˵ʲôҲˣԷȻһԸĺԼںϡ
ǣⴥǶڵģҲ֪ᷢʲô£ֻӳԪ棬ܿ촥ַ˱仯ĳ˼ףҸӵļͣ˲֣ǳһ񻨰һġ졯պϺԱһ̣Ҳץȡ˺ҧκ塣
ܸоⴥƺǰˣġҶϺĳ׺ʹںϣԼʱϵƿŴֵҶϺͬʱڴϼӳ俨
ͻȻжںϹ̣ҶϺһУԪҡ
ô£Ϊʲôںϻжϡԣ㲻ǡ˵˼仰ҶϺһεڵء
֪ʲôͻȻˣȴǼæҶϺ˸ʵͬʱΧ󣬽ڵС
˵ҶϺ־ȹԼȴ֪ΪռǸаʶԼˡͬ࡯ԼϾǣһԷ֣ٷ֮ٻԼ֣Ȼ˵ΪǿҲ֪ԷҪܵԼһᷢʲô벻飬ǹϳ֡
Ҳӡ֤ոյľٶǶôӢΪʱ򣬱ҶϺעаԪĴֿʼ
ƺӵʶʼ׼ÿԼԪѹɫ˿ϾƣֻԶǰС
һСʱ֮ͷ󺹵ĿסһЩĴ֣ɸ󣬸עԼԪųȡ˴ֵĿơȻµģʵǴԼ˵ֿ֮ǰƺӵʶ±һ
֪ǼһˣҶϺǴ㽫еƻԪתֵУȻں¿Էѳһġ塯¡
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һһʼûз֣Ǵ֣ǱֿƵҶϺһŵˡ硯
ҶϺʶΪ̫٣˿ҲЩѹƲסԭҶϺʶԸղŻͻȻεȻЩ֪ò¿˴֣ûüͷĺˮһ鷳
ղѹƴ֣ûпƷķз򣬵ŷַѾ֪ɵʲôط
һƬŵĴ½ӵɽĺԼïޱ߼ʵɭ֣ԲϤĵ
Ϊɫٶ̫죬˿ѾǳһƬɽײȥæһ£յԽһƬɽȻſƺɫͣ
˿̣ɫһƬɫáǿԪϿգ¿˿޷ȷԼĿǰλá֮ǰΪ˰Ǹ磬һܣ֮Ϊѹƴ֣Էʧȥһʱƣķ֣Լ·ˡ
ӦǴԽƲ㣬Ʋ·ҿԽľ룬ҲӦʮˣķٶȣֻ࣬١
ǰ籩ƳǣڿҪŪʲôط취ȥ
ͷһ۱Χֱ˸ʵʵҶϺ򿪲һԾ
̴˹мźܶฯζԪȴǳԣĿ¡
룬ٻ׼ʲôط
ؾûбٻʱֺĶ˼£̧ͷһŷΧĻ
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ʱһڣ仰ָأһһ䣬ǵһأ
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Ȼ൱Ϊѧͽζʲô
Ҫ֪аķǧʯģֻҪʱ죬ԺܿԽѧͽɡְҵΪʦѧͽкܴƵġ
һΪʦǿɾƽƣԼҲմٹ⡣ľ˵ͷϴ󣬲ò˵ܺãֵܻҲ˵Ƿǳǿص֯˭ֵ֪ܻĳԱж٣ֲʲôط˵ܶ۹Уиֵ߲ܻĳԱֵܻ֮ǿ󣬾ΪѾ͸ܶУǸҲһˣҲֻ˵һ㴫ŶѣϾǰԪؾĵطҲǺܱģֻϴǷϮ㣬϶̣ǱˣһԪ弶ֱӺʦԿ
ò˵һģǵԪҲ˵˺ܶഫţԲŻпϵĽ顣
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ǷûпɽôܴĵϮۣĪ۾ôϮѵ粻Լĵʦ׷ɱ
ȷ˷ѽ⣬һʼڻվ׷ɱ߹ûʱϸ˼Щ⣬ھʾҲ뵽һ㡣
İ·ɱ϶һıڶԷҪʲô֪϶ֻǻɱԼô򵥡
ʱ벻ͨеĹؼֻȽʷ£רĿ鷳Ūʲôطֻ뷨ӻصƳǣ׽ߡ
ϧլǰҲǴŲŲ֪ʲôط
ʱԶͻȻһЩɫĹ㣬ʱƣЩɫƶΪ١


һ Ǭݣ
ܿ쿴Щģ
飿
ЩɫĹ㣬һƯڿе飬ʮԶȥȷөһǿ˿ǾһɭɭֱֳĹ顣
Щ֮ǰ黹Ҫǿ׳Ԫ㣬˿ʮ׷һҪС飬ҿӣܿҪ׷ˡ
Ǹ׷ע⵽ԲŻᳯ
˿Ѿ׷һŮԣһɫȹȹ֮ҴԪϸӦ֪ŮҲԪʵ
׷ЩʵǴԪԪļȣҴסǿһ
ץסŵھɱ˺׶ǬʥصĹأʤȨ֧ʧߵһУǵãҲ˵ŮѾΰŵ˽˲Ʋһ˵ͬʱʮ·ǰУǽǸܵŮΧס
·ӣԶǸɫȴһҧȥ
Ǭʥأϴ֪ʲôطˣǵԪʥ֮һǬʥأʱǷһãҲһ㶣û뵽ɫȻǽԼ˵Ԫ硣
һĻ׷ǲµģȻǬʥأô϶طĹأԾЩǸŮץߣҲ֡
ĽչԤϡ
ʱͻȻоһ󲨶һ
鿨ᡣ
鿨ڶͻȻһɳ˷ݹһ壬ÿӵˡꡯôһΪʲô
˿ǸӹŮ飬Ȼϡ
һ鿨ĲһλͬһΣɢľȻһҪԼǸŮʶǡһ㣬ƺڶ˵ϸȴʲôˡ
ǡƺǿҲץһָо
һšоˡ
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ˡ
һӿ׷Ůȫں棬˿һѺھ󽣣ɢһϵơ
Ϊɱ˲ٺʹİѺھ󽣣һֱҲϰʹΪӲȹߣҲʮֺã˵֮ǰһѣԺھ󽣵һ㻳ɣ£ĿǰΨһõĽ
ȻļѺھ󽣶ˡ鿨ᡯ꣬˲٣ϧĵԽԽǿ󣬺ھҲЩϽˡ
ҪԸһЩԪԪļǲڻ¡
ǸŮҲ൱ѡƫƫѡķܣϣöԷȣӵһܡˣ϶ʵۺ񣬶һʵ˵ġǬݡҪֶΡ
ȻʵҲûаգôһ˿ϣҲܱûǿЩץ͵ŵ³ἫΪңԸһ
֮ӻԷĳȣӿһ˿ϣȴǼæƮǸǿ
򿴵ҲЩ⣬ɨһǸŮ飬ҪϿʲô֮
ʮ̴֣ŭǽ˶Χ
ʲôˣȻҴǬʥأץˡǴͷһ˿ŭ˵ûֱӶ֣ΪǽΪ˼ɡ
ոһȷСȻԪļԪļվڶ˵Ĵڣ֮⣬»һʮ׳ĺɫ
˭֪ӵԵԪƼƷˣͨˣһԪһûк̨ﵷңЩ˵ֱӾͽԷɱˡ
˵ʲôʱʲô磬ʵǾлȨûʵԲֻܰˡ
ڣյľǡʵһơ
ѯʣ治ûش𣬱Ͼ±£Ϊ漰鿨ᣬǹܲɣԴ˿ֻܵǻȥɣҶ֣Ůá
˵꣬һƣһ壬ȻһɫѿǿӲ˵ĪҪǬݵ£ǸŮŵָҪˣҪ棬ǾҪŵսȷ𣿡
ŵ
룬ŵҲǺͰ࣬ȷǰԲԪ弶ֵĶ֣ڣɲһˡ
˼ֳӵ׼弶ĹʿҪǣΪҶϺƻעԪôַ˱仯һ֣ͿԶԿһԪ弶ӵ˶ƿɴʲôµģ
룬ЦЦҲʶʲôŵҲֻЩҪŮʵһ£ҲǶŵսôսɣ
ڳһν̬ȣϾŵڴ˴ûʲôµġ
Щһȴû˵ʲôֻһ仰뿪ˡ
ˣŵսǻᴫŵ
Щ֪֮ոչֳʵѾԪļ۷״̬˵׼弶ҲǺΪǵȻҲԪļĸֻ֣ԪļĳڣĴĿҪܶࡣǬݵŵױ£ֻҪȥͺá
ŵʲôӦǾ͹ܲˡ
ȵ뿪תͷ˿ǸŮ飬߾ȻǴ͵͵ߣһץͽŮץ˻
ҪʲôſңŮ鲻һ˫ֵ۾ԼùӳѣĪ˻ڣ
Ҳֱȡ鿨ᡣ
Ȼ鿨֮ǰŮô϶һ鿨Щ徫һ
Ȼһ鿨ֺһη·ӵʶһƯڿУǸŮ鿿
߿鿨˲䣬ȴͻȻһɵ岻ϲҲ·ŵı顣
ʥ䡭ʥ䡣Ů˵ͬʱ鿨ᷢһâȻǻһŹֵĴڵӰһץʹŮץһŶ
һűԪĶϸԿһ߰ҳҳÿһҳɢһʮֹϵϢ
һҳͱ鿨ᵱУһɹâ鿨
ɻŮոʧг鿨ǸûԼô򵥣ֻһͨĿᡣ


һһ ŭĿ
鿨ı൱ԹԵ˭֪Լ֮дӵ·նõôһᣬȻôĲ򵥣Īǻһ
˿鿨ڷ仯ǰҲֻҪȵ鿨ı仯ϣͿ֪һЩˣһˣϴڣŲвġ
Ǹղű׷ɱǸŮ飬˿̶ڵϣһ־ִһ˿˿ϵĿעڷ仯鿨ᡣ
ղǼҳֽʲôʵȻó鿨ΪǼҳֽļ룬Żᷢ仯
鱦ĲҳһΪĶŮ˿̹˵˿̬ղת˺ܶࡣ
֣ԼûŮ飬Ϊʲôˣ
ûмѯʣ鷳ǾδǬݻȥڿʦӦ֪ԼϮϢˣ϶ż
ͻȻԼߵʱ򣬿ʦ͸ԼһŷſֻҪд漤ſͿԴݻȥ
뵽æȡһŷſϮľȻҪǱһƽÿʦģлдһЩһ¼Ʋ⣬дַ֮һŷſ
һ̣ſ̻һ⣬ʡ
˿̵ȷǷǳŭڵֵܻĸ᳤Ϯۣ䲻֮ǵһʱõϢϵ˳µĵص㣬һȥĻ⼸ʦǸ𱣻ѧͽȫʦӦȫ̰иۣ֮ǰȴʱյһ뿪Ƭ̣ǡóһʱڡ
ֳȻʲôۼſĻȴʦĵҶϺҲʧ١
ǸȻʵҲһЩҪԿʦҲǾԲܣ⵱˵ʲôص飡˵ȴʦһ·϶һ˪һ仰û˵ʱȴʦֳ֮˵ôһ仰
ǷҪôɹˣΪɹļŭңϵ˿ǿĿ¡
ͻȻһץһԵһʦ˹ԷһֿȴԼ޷ǧʯҲڿǧʯע£зֺ춯
Ҫʲô⼸ʦΧ
仰ҪǵģǼ쵰ˣֻһ飬شˣֻƭңԸǣΪʲôڰл۵ĹְأʵסӵʦʵҲڿǰȻ˵ΧԪѾǿ󵽿γһˣȫûзӵֿ
ҡ֮ǰ˵ˣʱܵԾ뿪һ˭֪ǸʱϮҲ֪ʦ˿ӲͷƤ˵ȻʦҲиߵǿ֣֮Ȼһµ͵ʵȴǼǿҴ˷ֳʵȴеĸ
ʦȴ˿ҲǴһóһķŭˣҲͷһŪʵĴԼĶ֡
¶ҲɻΪʲôɲɣƫƫЩ뿪ʱ£ûֹͬһĿǼ
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һ峺ݺݵĴ˱Լץŵʦһơ
һ飬Ϊʲôְأ˭´֪ܸ´ģֻϻˣ˵֣ȻǶȻᱻ׺Ū˿ͱˣҲ֪ǿЦҪġ
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ڣǸסʦܲסѹڵǡʦ
񣬺ߣҾ֪һ˦ǸʦһԣղҲŻ⼸ˣϾɱʦǴҲ޷ֺ
뵽񣬿ԺͳǸ촩ų۶ʦϸһʾ֪Ǹ˵ĵʦԶԷΪ档
Ȼ֪˭´ǿҲ֪ƾһ֤ݸ޷񣬶ԷȻ´ôͰ˺·˵ʣԼߵϻҲûá
ͺìܣֻ֪ڵʵ˵ʱ˶ԷǵֵܻȴǿԶѾԵֵܻˣ֪Էһؾݵ㣬Լĵĳ£ǰȥǸݵֵܻԱȫɱ
磬ͷҪɱĶ
ʱһͻȻ֣һ㶣ֽץ
˿ƬϵϢ˿ȻһŷſģһſƬٿ֪ǰȫġ⣬ڿƬϻʦһѣ˵Ǹ֮ܿⲻھƣҪÿʦСġǲҪóȻȥ׷ɱͶԸֵܻᣬΪܿһ塣
ֻƲ⣬Ҳɵ̾ͻָ侲뵽ĶҪǷ⿴ȥҪʵδزҪԼȥԼΪŭֻǰֵܻǸݵ㣬˵塯
Ȼֻǵֵܻˣδػ£Ƿı󣬺ܾܿһԼȫ
뵽Ҳðһ亹
ìҲǳˣһص£˸֪Ǿͬһʦ̵ģΪһЩֳ˲ɵ͵ìܣӴǳУֻû뵽Ѿô꣬ûнǰ£ҡ
뵽зһ˿ɫ૵ǰô񹲷ߵ飬ҶûкƽϣһΣʵ̫ˣһε飬һô
֪ȻȻô̫żˣҪȥһЩ飬Ѿ֪õ˷ķǸֻҪȷ˷λ϶ܻһ㣬ǲ̫ĵġ
λҲæҲãʡʲô飬ܴǬݻҲǶһ츳ٸߵˣҲɾ͵ġ
ڿϵʦǬʥأ˵Ҳûʲôڵ˵ȴһȻ
鿨ھݵı仯ǹâɢȥ¶ڵӣȻ֪ʱЩܴܿ˷ֲܷ鿨ᣬֻܵ


һ ҵŵ
鿨˱仯ֽȡϸ˿⿨ĺ˺ܶ࣬˵һᣬ˵һ顢һ伮
ʵģ鿨ϣȷдĸԪ֡
ʥ䣡
֮߰ҳдֺͼһʷһָӡʮ̡
飬ʥƿߣƹһУЩ
һСλһɫɵģЩϸſƺԾֽһ㣬ں棬һͼĿսʬأϿգһУЩߵһʬ嵱ʥ䡣
֪鿨ɵʢ䶨Ȼһ֮ܳΪʥģôܻ
һԣǸŰɫȹŮһηվȻֳʥ䣬һ㶣¶һ˿ᶨ
ɯƿߣŮʱ˵һȥʮֹϵֺŵڣָȹǣǰ¶ףʾһֹʡ
ƿߣ
֪ʲô˼Ȼʥйϵ
ϴڽ㰡һԺٺЦһۣҲ֪ʲôʥ䣬Ůеƿ߸˿֪
ȻЩɻҪѯԳưɯŮˡ
׼ѯʵʱԶͻȻһԪŮ鰬ɯ󾪣æƿջʥ䣬ʥҪʥ鿴Ҫ鷳
Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳ֪Ʋ¶ףȻʥǺöǿ϶ҪãҲûΪʲôһʥջص䵱С
Ƭ֮ʮٸ˹Χͷһξ޴ѾߴңźضһףֳһȨȣͷǴһڣòͬʬһ㣬͸һɲ֮ɫ
ŵŮ鰬ɯ飬ҧгݵ˵
ɯĸڹƽңǬݵĴͳһеĲƲҪʤߣļˡãѾҵ˽˲ƲȻϸߣǸߣһ׵ŵĺŵ˿һӹɵ˵ȫױʵ󲿷ֶԪļ˿̶һɱĶ
ɨһŵԪ弶ĸ֣ʵȴҪȷԶˣҲǺͰƵˮƽ磬Ԫ弶бȽСĴڡ
СҲԪ弶ԪļѹԵĵȼƣҲΪʲôŵûнԭߵʵŵѾ֮ǰЩ֪ˣ޿֡
Ҳ㣬ŵñӵֶսʤҵĸףǸһƽľ͵͵ͿĨ˿ԸʴĶҩĪΪҲ֪ɯȻֻһԪԪ弶ŵȴûκεӡ
ɯĪΪôһԪļ˰㣬ͿԸˣЦһԪļһָɱŵЦһɯѾ֮ܶܲˣǽ߿µĺɫ۾ʱһ
ǵԪԪʥõķС㽫ңȻնһһžͿԹǬˣ֮ǰ£Ҿԭ㣡ŵʮŵ˵
ûнһԪļʵϣһԪļֻǸոմԪʵȷŵʱûʲôаʸ
Ǵ˿ǽȣԪ̶Ѿﵽ˾˵ĻԪ߲㣬һԪ弶ԪĸֶԴﵽ߶ȣһ׼ʦһѧͽӵһεģԻɱһԪ弶Ĵ
£ŵţͿЩЦˡ
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ʮ׳Ľͬһ¹⣬ƿնɱȥŵû뵽һֱӶ֣һ㶣ǲȻŭ
ǶӣһĸֵҲˣһԪļҲҶӣŵҪֱɱˡ
뵽ӶȨȣҲİ½Ԫ弶ʵһ¾ͿԽ⽣飬ȻԷ
ֻʵǺܲпġ
أ
һ죬ŵȨڽϣȻǱŵҲǺ˼ף˵ͬ˶ԷĽȴǴĳԤϡ
֣ͬĽ޿ɺǣԼһԪ弶ĸ֣ȻϺһԪļƽ֣Щ˼ˡ
ŵԼʵģ˿Ĵ󽣣һ˿˿֮ǶԷãԲŽҺԼƽ֣һΣԼȻԽԷɱ
뵽ŵһȥ
úͶԷϻոնʵͶԷƴһƽ֣ѾԼʵˮƽҲ˵ոֻ̽һΣֱӶһ֡
ΪεģŵֱֻвŷӦһֵķ֣ԼȻǱֱ˺顣
Ҫ֪飬ӵһߺͼ˺ԣǴ˿̣ȻǱһεֱ˺롣
ŵҽһ¶˾ֵɫ֪ǰ˾ԲͨԪļҪӣһαֻУֱӱ顣
ֻܿһѹϮǿԪ弶ŵ֧飬һ˵鲻֮Իָһôĵ߰¾ۼ壬ȴֻ
۵ŵ׵ڵϣһȨȣ˿̣Ƭڿɢ̸Ӧеʢ䷢̰Ԫһ俪һӣʥ佫ЩŵƬȫߡ
ӿʼƬߣҲǼʱ䡣
һԪ弶֣ôˣ
˵ЩΧ۵Ѿ͵ױԼĿɿڴİɯ򣬾ԼЩţû뵽ҶϺԪעĴֻôͣȻ״̬ŵɱ
˵ʵռƣսٻʿҲǺŵƽ֣ռһƣҪɱǲܣǶһҲδܶʱȡʤ
Ľ汾Ĵ֣ǽֲܱ˿ܣǾɱԪ弶ŵҲ˵һα仯̬Ÿǿɱ
һ˵һģֻдﵽԪ弶۷ԪĸֲԴ˿̣Щŵױ˿һŵøε飬һ˿һ˼ЦԷɱŵԪ弶ֵĴڣҪɱǸ򵥣˭ȥ


һ 
һʱЩױҲҲǣһЩ֪룬ʱ򣬰ɯڴӸոɱŵлָ˹ȻϤǬʥصĹ򣬴˿Ʈ˳ҵѾŵһƽľǬݵĹѾΪ˵ĲƲ£񡣡
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֪Ⱜɯʲô⣬ҲûղҲΪǸŵ̫񣬶ѾԼ֣һΪǿôֱӽɱҲԤ֮⣬ȻѾɱǸŵҲڣڵǲκ֮ģһľԼ
ȻҲǬݶයܵõЩҳ鿨Ϊʥ䣬Ѿ֮ϲˣԼɵǸŵҲɯΧһѡԼɵɱˣԼõ˰ɯļҳҳǹƽ˭ҲǷ˭
ȵһɯǼҳҳʥ飬ԼͿ뿪ˡ
ʱЩױҲûӰɯĻ񣬶ǳ˵ɯǬݵĹ涨ֻǬݵ飬飬ԲǬݵĹ涨ǲΪˣŵѾɣҲָˣͬҲָ֮
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ԭڸ飬˿ȴǻ뿪һʼ˭뵽
鷳һǸŮ鰬ɯʵʥô£ǼҳҳǴĶŪģƿʲô
¶Է˵ΪɯƺҲ˵Щ顣
ͬɯȷʣὫһЩ˵
ƿߴˣʥһ崫˵еʥںܾ֮ǰʧˣ֮һŷѳΪʥأϣװǬݡ׿ʥܶ鶼ֻ֪ΪǴ˵ǲڵģҵļ֪ǲǴ˵ΪǼʥϵĲҳ
ǸղϵǼҳҳҲӦ˹ֲɯ֪ôࡣ
ûʥˣƿߣƿߴ˾ǰɯˣɯȵĿ֪ΪƿߣпԽѡΪūͣϣԷԽʥִ˵еʥŵɱĸ׸
ȵȵȣ˰ֵҿû˵Ҫūͣҿ϶ʲôҪң˵˵
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Ǵһ˵Ůļֵʵ൱ߡ
ܰԼ£һǿ飬ƿǬʥأԼڵԪҲԼԪ֮ںϹǲתģҲ˵赲ĺ͵ԪԪݳҪʧʱ򣬵Ԫ಻ɱҪ͵ԪӴʵԿ
ܲţǻһǣʵսҪִֺŵùѡ
Ǭݵһ鲿ӣŮ鰬ɯһѡ
ĸƺһм壬Ҳ˵ɯǬʥصҲһģ˵ūͣӦֻкô
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ҵĸǺ׶ǬʥصĴ֮һ͸ղűƿߴɱǸŵͣŵʵҲ֪ʲôطõһֿ˺ĶҩҸ׺׶սǬʥأ֮սǷǳʥģʤһȨʧһһУھУǸӵŵͿĨֶҩҵĸףûɢҸ׵壬ðֶȡʤҾȲҸףҲӲߣҲŵƿߴʱ֣֮Ѿ֪ˡΪʥƿߣԿԽʥҸ׸ոɢûãʥӦǿԽΪˣԸΪƿߴūͣҺ׶壬ҲЧɯһ̹ϵ˵˰
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ƿߴ˻ڳɳУʱЧңһƿߴҵʥҳʥ䣬ʱκ鶼ΥƿߵǸʱƿ߲ƿߣǺ׶壬Ҳ˶
˵ɯһ㶼ɵһͶʣӮܴǸոƿߴһ¾ͽŵɱǼᶨ˰ɯľġ
ЩȻ֪óŮ鰬ɯûв⣬൱̹ϣҲڵԪｨԼȻõĵһûɾܾ
ڸɯĸףʥҲȥһΪһǿ
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ɯȻܸˣǰ·뵽Ǭڡ
һƬ޴֮أܶƽЩֻһЩ˼ά򵥣ʵԪһĹ»Ұǿ˵İɯæͬʱڵϱʾԹ𾴺ͳ
ǰ棬һ޴֮ǡ
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Ǭʥص֮ǣϰֻսʿӿΪЩսʿ鷳ģǿɯ󣬶ǹ
ˣҺ׶ļӣЧҺҵĸףҸѾˣǱҪҵҲΪʲôŵҪץһȥԭΪֻҵͷЩЧں׶ŻŵЧңɯ˵
˿ϰսʿһ붼ﵽԪļĳ̶ȣʣµĶԪƮһ𣬴ͳһ׺ûкûһ֧ǿޱȵ


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Ȼǰ뻹һ겨
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ջʥ䣬ҲǺ⣬Ȼʥ仹ʣҳҵǲܷӳʥƿһе
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ҪԸһº׶ֵµȴûʲô⡣


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һԭһЩصԪӡֽͨ¯õĺϳֶΣҲȥĸɸɾԭʵҲķٶҲͨᲢ۵ġ


һ ޱ
һ֮󣬱ϳɺѾΧԭӸأҲǿԣԼеٶȺҲǰ࣬žԼȥƳǲ׽Ҳ׽֡ϡƷʡߡ
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ݹҲһԾԾԡ
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ʮӶʮҾǰʱĵ͹ȣҪиĻԻˣѡ
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治֪˨ӺС֪Ϣ᲻ᱯһǲţϴɳϣ̾һ䣬ʱȥֵ꣬ҲǺ͹ǳ˺ѡ
ȱ˵Щϵǣҵطһ㣬һǻº֣ǻǼ˼ɣǾԲ˼ɹǣʱǺѾͬˮҰͽ˰ͷݹҲΪϴͷȻˮݣܱһƽ⣬ƽѾˣҪ׼֮Ĳޣ˵Գԣ侲ԷԸ񣬴˿뵽ʲôæѵ


һ ͼ
ˣڣǸʲôֵѾƽˣҲˣͻȻ֮䣬һ̱һ̣һƯڿеŮ顣
ݹκͶһǶŭǸҶԸǣϴʰ㣿
ʰңѾˣôʰң㾹ô˵һӵͼ϶ѣҲڱǰ۾һɣצ
ԪļʵȻҪȶĲһæ赲һſƬһԪֵסݹצ
ҲֻĲܺͷݹһϸ£κԳҲԪļǱȷݹҪһЩ˿˸ǰæֳսʿżҵĴҲǱصһ߿һɱ˽
һƣĲͶǶ֪֪Ϣ̾ͰͲסɱֻңǶżһδػ£ټϰһ֣Ͳͬˡפ¾ǵҲҺʥص˶Կڶ󲿷ɴžηҵǣӵֿɽȻ޿֡
żҵĻѾ˲أǵʵҲԪԪңôֵܵסҺĽ
ߣߣĲ֪϶żҪˣżҶжʱҪ뿪κ塢ԳԣǴܣ
κԳҲ֪Σ˻࿴һۣ̼Ŷܣٲܣǿ϶ܲˡ
ڶżҲвҵĻĲǼһֿƬγһ˵Ԫȡһʱ䡣żҲǴ壬ǵסҲܵ˿ĲŶκԳһܵĲһצĻֽͬһֱ飬ƤѪܣЩط¶˹ͷĲҧӲţż˽ܵرմţȻߡ
ܵڵžԪĴ͸Ծ鹫Ҳܽ롣
ڶżұ֮ǰֵҲǻ棬Ŀ߿ǿһ޴ֱѹһצΪƽأҲ֪
½ΪĵͷߣȻǵһʱõϢһæԼ£ǿˣֵһ飿
ûֲ̫ˣһ¾ͽֵƽ˹Ҳ׶༪٣֮뿪ˣҲû˴ӷ˰ɣ½һ´˿һ԰ףĿ֮һ˿̶Щ¡
½˳˼Ƭ̺ͻȻ뵽ʲôСȥСʱǸûлڿ濴û˻ţ˻ţ͵͵סǧҪ©Ϣ
磬ǡǸЩԼϴǺ⣬½ȴʮ֡ǡЦЦ׼ֵ걳һĿɽ˿϶йϵǿܲȽ˾ˣǸɽɱһᣬȻûлֻǱҸɵˣôҲûκʧע⣬¾Բй¶㡣
ǸһҲǵ˵ͷæȥˡ
һϣ¾ﻹ⼸£ǿ˶żңһҶңȻûиԤܵ۹Ҳû˵ʲô
ȻЩֻ¾ǵĸ߲㣬Щ廷ǲ֪ģΨһӰǣԭһ˷档
¾ǷȻǲ֪˿Ѿص֮ǰĵطҲһķС
֪籩Ƴǵλã֮ҲҪȥ籩Ƴˣ룬ȡһſԽͼݵġĶͼݵλñʶעԪ֮ͿԵõͼݵλá
˵ͼݵλʮأ󲿷ʦ֪Ϊͼݲһ̶ĵطλʱ仯ġ
˵ʵЩţһͼݻܵܲɣ
Ҳ˵ûĶͼݵŶҲ
һЩԪע뵽ĶУƬǳһʶָ˴˿ͼݵλá
зȻǲθ·տƬϵıʶʻ÷ԶһƬƲ˹ȥ
ҶϺûѣǲǺһһֻûѣҲܽⶪһطܣҲֻϣֻǵȵԼͼԺˡ
ٶȼ죬֪κķɻҪ죬Ǻǰ񺽿ͻǿ˲֪ٱ˰СʱңѾǴԽһƬΪĴ½
ӦǵԪ磬ƣɽص۵һжоʮ־޴󣬰տƬʶͼݾڲԶ
ٶȣǰС
ֹƬ̣ͻȻԶƽϳһ޴Ӱ
һӰ
˿ͫһԼĶֱĿɿڴšӰľ޴󣬾һɽʮĴ¥ǸߵˣӰҲֻܴﵽϥǣ˵ͷ̤ҲǺΪ
һˣǾϵһû֮һӴֱˣںԶĵطܿһƶľˡ
ȵķ֮Ÿоһ𺳡
˵һָ׸ǣ˵ͺһһСˣһϾ֪˵Ӵ
˵Ƥֲڣͬʯһ㣬һЩɫֲ棬˿̣Ӵޱȵľһͬ޴ޱȵġ
ǹ޽һ޴ʯϣֳɺü壬ʮߣģ
ϴ˿湻ģҲΰɣʱҲǷһ̾ͬûмӴԪ綼УֻڵԪŻڡ
ĹӦþͼˣĶ˿̣ıʶǰ棬Ȼ˿ŵĹͼݣָ򣬷ȥ
ӿٶȣ˿ŵĹȥ
ǾȻҲķֻֻþ޴ޱȵɨ˷һۣʹܵĶɢԪǲᡣ
˳ͼǰһƬյؽ䡣
÷ҶǸŮˣΧסˣӦûд󰭣һЩƬͻҲӦݸһЩƬȻ߳˺ɫ
µĵʱʱķһЩ𶯣ǿͼݵľǰߣÿһܿԽﷶΧֲô˵ͼʱƶģԭġ
ǰͼݵڣһӰ


һ Ź
ǸӰͬʱԷҲ
Ӱվסʲôˣ
ȷǺ޴紸ЩһͷףӰֻһ仰ЩԼƷʵʵٶԪߣԼĵʦӰ
ùǣӰˣȴһ󹷣еǹʿ棬Ҫͣ;޴󣬸߶ϣһ˫࡯񣬴˿̶˵ͬʱͷ졣
뵽󹷿Լ죬òǶӶ˰ɣ
ԼݸƿŹġʿ棩ͬʱȡĶϾⶫǱ֤Լܽͼݵġ֤ͨ
ĶģҲ˵½ѧͽģΪСĵӣܵõԵһҲҲľѧͽĵһƺ£ģĶһֱ˻ˡ
һı飬˼֪ƮʲôطǰҲ̫ˣȻпʦСֻ϶˵˵ҲͰĵţʱܿȥƬ֮ʵЩͲסСǸܽȥô
ȻָոճΪѧͽĲ񣬾ôȥٷ֮ٻ˷һνͼݵĻᣬ˵㣬ĵʦСҲֻõһЩʮ֪ͨʶ֪ʦһҲֻνͼݵĻᣬһλᣬҪúðסôȻָһ£ʹĲͬˣһ˵һ߳üŪۡʼնһ񣬿ȥʮֺЦ
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֪һЩϢǴ㽫ЩϢԺļ۸ȥ
û뵽ʥʦʥأͼſڵĿŹȻ˵ġ̰ų⣬룬ʵǸ֪ôƺ
ҴҺϲ֣ҲôңĺϵЩ˷ܣҪ֪פ˲֪֪꣬ѧͽʦͼݣǺģҪôǲҪôƲϾʦѧͽԳߣͷϵˣ϶ǲмʹʲôס
ͬƺϣһЩôԴʮ˷ܡ
дЦЦҽ
˵꣬ȡһŵԪȥһ⣬ɾ⣬֪ʲôָһµģ
СĹһԪȴ¶˱ĺͲмɫ
ԪⶫҲȱ㡭бĶôԵġ֮ģС˵˵һʶʱԿĿˮ
ɫʣ˰죬ȴǱһֱΪͼݵĿŹλߣʵǿû뵽ĹҲǹͿʦĻһУͨ
֪ЩԪɶֱӶȥһ鿾Ϳ󹷡
뵽ЦЦԼĸǣǸʱǻһʮߺԼɱǸɱԷľԼ
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ڿ⣬в٣¾õ⿨ķһһЩֱ⿨еĿ⿨ȡ˳ʮţȻʵ廯ʮţ˴ǰ
۾ֱˣΪͼµĿŹȻİԪ弶ԪĸָһԷôĿŹʳȴͨġⶫζٺãԸҲġ
һΣһͼݵʦһЩ⣬ôӴһħϵУӴԺ󶼻ῴĺͽͼݵѧͽԼʦ˵仰˲ҪôǲҪôǲмᣬ֮ζҲ˵ôһ䣬û뵽ѧͽȻ˵ġϵ
ǰĿ⣬ҲͲסֱӴسԣۻʮſ⿨
һͷưʮ鿾⣬ȴδ촽
꣬ʵ֪ʲôָҵģãôʣµĶ㣬Ҫ֪еĿ⿨ˣҵʦҲĹҿǰĿ׳ˡ
˵˭ϴ֮¶мıСĹˣǸСɣǼһﵹȤϴСʱҿһû뵽һĿǿ⣬ʵ̫ݳˣģҵָ㣬϶ջ񣡡
Դޣһ㶣뵽һʮߺ鿨һֱ;֣ôԭǴġ
һ̣Ǿһ񣬰ܸһǿ϶ҲܸԼȲ˵Էָʲôڴ֮ǰŪΣչͷЩ߼Ǿɱʤơ
ƤǸô
һ㶣ҪɶǸ߼ǧʯܼһѧͽǸҲò˰
ܣ˵ûУȻ͸¶ķԳʵ
ˣ͸㣬ҲûãҶצˣÿƬֻʣˣҪҶ㣡ҲСֱһ£³âſƬ䵽
һǼޱȣһʮһʮź


һ ʮһ
ʮǹͿƬħʮźһͿƬ̶Ǹ߼дŸԵıţֻɢſֲԪҪǣſƬֻǧʯ
ķһΪ˼ʮߺ˯˼죬ѾûˣҲ˵Σգʱðķɱɵǿĵˡ
һʱ䣬˰ȫС
ǻʲôָ㣿ͼݵģպÿƬʵ
޴ĹצȰʣµĿ⿨ң
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ʮſ⿨˴󹷲ĵ˵ͷܾˣҪ˵ͼݣұκһʦϤȻѧͽӦ֪һɣԪʥõʷϣܽһյʦֻһǾΰʥüʦ󲿷ʦֻеһС֣ϾԽǸ߼ԽҲԽһ£һʦʮ⣬Ҳֻǻָ߼мʦʮϣ߼ʦǿʮϣҲ˵Ŀǰ߼ʦʵҲֻһ鿨һѣȻʷҲֹһЩżʦյĳ̶ȡ˵ЩֻǸһǸ߼ʦҲİأǱԽߵȻԽǿͼأҵȫʵҿһ䣬ͼݵʮźʮмһЩŹ֣ã˵д֣
˵֮󣬾Ͱ˰ڴצӣʾԽȥˣҲܼʳˡ
´˵Ļһת߽ͼݵĴš
Ҫ˵ͼݸĸоֻһ֣Ǿǡ󡯡
ڵĴţʮ¥ôߣȳʮףһҲ߽ȥ֪ʦҲоһ壬˵޵ôߣΪ˷͵ʦѧͽ롣
Ŀռ䣬ҲӴޱȣһ˫Ƿǵֱӿ߷ǰȥ
ǰһεľ޴󷿼䣬һͬһ㣬۶ľͷЩУڷһ޴ܡ
ͼǳһܴúܴȻʱ䣬һ޴ͼͺûͷӬһ֪Ķ֡
Щкܶ࣬һŵģҲ൱࣬ɵһԣȡһа׶ߵ򿪿˿ٶĶʱܿôһ㲻ˡ
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ҲǶѧͽʦһ飬侲ⱾŻȥȻҵ˵һ͵ڶܣ涼ǰʮ֪ʶЩƬʷͼ
ÿһֿı鼮ȻܶණδһҪȫ꣬ﲢûʲôʼ֮ĶҪŪͱһҳһҳķ
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˵ѧϰ֮ɻľǼ˵ҪһһѧϰͻȻԽѧϰ߱ŵ
ȴ֪⡮ҰҪԣȻ⿨ƬܹҲܷſƬԼͿñҪʮٶϵͼ飬ѰԼҪ鼮ҪǣĶٶҲӿܶ౶ǻһЩʱһſƬͷŷţҲֵõġ
˵ɾ͸ɣ̽ڡҰĸص鼮Ȼϯضʼ
⵱кܶܺʷԼõϢҲֻǴԵĿһۣʮһ棬Ǽӽע
СʱԺѾʼĸʼһſƬò˵ĺֱԾʮһȿν൱Ĵ󣬶֪ܶʱҪĲһͬҰҪĸҪԪ֮⣬ҪԪ֮顣
Ѿ½ѧͽҪʮһһѧͽܵõƬ֮ʵʲôò鼮ܴȥҲܳ¼ʱܼס٣
һʧ֮ʧԭú÷һ£ʮСʱ֮һŶʮһ
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һűӡСʮһĿƬ˿ȻֻǸոսӴ֪һŶʮһſƬѶȷǳߣԲǾ֮ȭֿƬܱģԪȺͶԪĿƣֻǿɹ
Ҳ˵ĺһ˵Ϊѧͽ˵ҪﵽһſƬĳ̶ȣҪһ굽һʱ䣬ѶҲ
֪ԼȻǽ⡮ҰƬɣʵϣ⿨ƬЧܴﲻ˵ּ֮󣬿ԲҪ۾ͿƿΧ׷ΧڵһУһ֡ϵӽǡһԼһſƬЧܻһ㣬һʼһһϰĴӣƬЧ
ʱ̶ֳȵĿƬӦҲˣϾġ
һСʱɹļһҰƬȵһ۾̷֣ǰ粻ͬˡ

Ԫ͵ԪĽ紦һСͳ򣬵ֵܻһֻڴ˵أֵֻܻĴܣֻм֪Сͳֵܻѳֵġ
˿Сһʯķ֮ǰȥ·ɱķһϣ֮⣬ЩʯͷСļˡ
׼ôһǵֵܻʷӵһ⣬һɣŵ󲻵ĺô߷ո߻رһճ̶ҲӹɵģΪһҪԸͷģһǿĸ߼ʦ˵ͬʱһɫ۵ذףذָȻǶ޷Ƥչֳ˾տĲٿ


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²Ҫģֵܻĸ᳤֮һֻҪҵͺãûϮץնʧˣǾ֪ǸնҲ˶ʧ٣Ŀ겢֪ԲӰǵļƻҿԶ϶Ŀһͳﻮɱ֣סֻܳɹʧܡ˵
ЩǸĵҲû˵ڷ⼸Ǵʼնûпڡ
ʱһ˹ǿһץһŷſ
˿ſϵϢ緢һЦֱӵĿѾˣ͸λɣڰ֮ͬڣ
䣬ڶһʧ٣ߵϢƺһʼûƵġ

ͼݡ
˿˫ۣȴûнһ㣬Ϊ˿̣ʹҰ鿴ΧһС
ߴʮ׵ܣСϵĻҳýġӽǡôô
˵νӾûʲôϵȫһӦֻҪӦķΧ֮ڵκ޷Ŀӡ
ϵͼ顣
ڲҪһģֻҪ߹һܣͿ֪жٱ飬ÿжҳÿһҳдŵʲô֡ʲôĲͼ
еһУֻգ֮ɡ
Ұǿ֮һҪҵʺԼѧϰ֪ʶ׶ˣҿٶҲҪ˺ܶࡣ
ʱڣѾٱ鼮ҲһЩص֪ʶҲ˶ѣϾܶʱѧٶֻҪȱջһЩˡ
ѧϰ֪ʶḶ́ҪһһӡҰֻüӿĽŲȴпյķŽвʵʡ
ڣѾһšššĺšʮһͼ飬ֱǰ󣬳˹ģкܶԪ𡢲ҩʶﱦ֮鼮
Щǻ㼯ԪµľܶЩ飬κһ˶мôϾö࣬ʶ͹㣬ʶ۽Ϳˣһ۽һķչȻǲ
Щ֪ʶҲѡԵĿһЩһЩڵڶԪ确ƽһ塯ס
ʦ˵Լһ˿ƽѪ֪νĻƽѪôģԼΣʱ̷һ԰ŮӵѪҺ
Ѿܶ϶ǱǸŮӣνĻƽһ壬ֻлɻ󣬰˵ȻǵڶԪָ߼ˣʵ϶ǿޱȣΪʲôֻᱻһԪѪץߣ
˵֮ԼҲմ˰ŮӲٵĹ⣬ǶԷԼͷǺۣ;üΣ벻ͨеĹؼ
˿̣йڻƽһϣȻʮֺ棬Ұٿһ顣
֮ŻȻ򣬻ƽһһضҼǿĴڣʦҪȻЩʦڴУһЩʦҲ»ƽһ塣ƽһһֽ޵еĴڣǶԪ⣬Ѿﵽ˲˼ĵزڵԪһЩУƽһǡ񡯡
ǿĴҲ㣬ǾǶһĽû˿ֽֿɥʧеû˵ʲô˵ʹֽΪĵˣƽһ彫һ
ֽ˵ǼΪϡٶûۣ׫дϵҪôǲ֪ҪôΪĳԭд
Ȿֻ΢пһ£ǼѰң֮ҵһĳ޴ܽһģû˻ᷢ֡
ҲʹҰֿƬܷĴڣʱ˳Ѿܾûб˷ˡ
ɨһۣ۾һʮҳǶһһЩĵúᡣ
д˻ڵһҳдԼֺһԡ
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Ϊһ˺ѧϰǼȻۣͬȻܶĶһһЩطȴǴ󵨵Ľ˱
дģһ֮ȭôƬܶ౶
һʼЩ̫ţľͳУΪ֣۾Ȼʮֵ󵨣Ű˼룬ͬʱʮַƿ߼
ĸЩڴҲ൱̿ʼ죬ѧͽԵĵһвٽƿϣо֮Ѫ֮Ҳкܶࡣ
ܿ죬һžһͼݵеһ֮ǰտҲֻмһ޴ĲʯʯΪʦԿƬõġ
̼ﾭϼصķһͼһ޴ޱȣʵľȭȭɫȻǴ֮ǰİɫԪһɫԪȭ
һ졣
ǲʯֳƬָ
380㣡
֮ǰһֱ80㣬⻹ֻոѧַ쿨Ƭϰ
ϲʣԺһԼһɱﵣͬһԼĿƬѹѧͽһЩͼʦǶ첻һ
˿ʱ䣬֪оȻѾͼݹȥʱ䣬ͼ֪ʶɽһǶûз֡
ʱͻȻʱ򣬿Źġָ㡯Է˵ͼݵʮźʮмһЩŹ֣ȥ
æٿ߷˹ȥҵʮܺʮܣȻ֮䣬ʲôûз֣߽ȥز鿴ҲûκιŹֵĵطҰ鿴Ҳûκη֡Ǵ˵йŹ֣ԼҪصע־Ӧòƭˡ
ʱ֪ôģͻȻ뵽ոǸϵһλ
еʱεĸо㡭
£Ȼƺ뵽ʲôվ֮ܵڣȻ۾Ұ֮ǰһȥ
岽֮һоԼĽ̤һ̨ףǵãԭų̂׵ġ


һһʮһ ̨֮
ԼһֻžȻ̤һ̨׵ʱе𶯾ʱʶ۾
Χ֮ǰӣҲûκ̨ס
֪ԼΪ۾ԲŻ̨֡ס֮ǰ˵һۣǾй޹ĺڰ磬ʵλ棬һֽݣȻ粻Ƕģصڵģйʱһ磬ڰУһ
Ӧþ
ͨһ㣬ߵܵڴȻһα۾һΣԼ׷Ƭ֮ǰߡ
һߵĺȴûκԥߵ岽ʱһȣ֮ǰָоֻˡ
ŵһ̨ס
һû۾ǼǰȻڵ̨ףÿһףĬĬ£ӺеļѾﵽһˣʱų̂ˡ
֪ԼǸڵ¥ݣˡһط
۾ΧܣͬǸߴĴ֪ѾԼ֮ǰŵĵط
ϵĻҳ࣬ϵ˺ܶ࣬ֱ֩Ƕൽ˷ָĵزƺﲻͼݣһ֩ѣ֮ǰĵطûô֩ģ˵ԭĴż˽鿴ͼ飬Ҳ֪û˽ˡ
֮⣬ӵİ
²鿴Ҳв٣ҳһֻ״У˿Լ֮䡣
߳һܵʱȴǷ֣ǰƺһ濴ǽڣȻǸ߲ȥ
һԪϣΧ󣬵ȻƿϵȼҪߣһ£ܴ߳ȥҲ˵ķΧֻôƽ׼ĵط
ڣܿġ
֪ԼһѾײ˴ˣҲ֪ûнˣȻ󲿷ѧͽʦ֪طĴڣҲԼá⽻¸˿Źָ㣬ټһЩŷôһط
ϣϵ飬Ҫʧһ䣬̿ʼ
кܶطǿյģ鼮ܹҲ߰˱Ҷ˻ҳѡһ˿̵һǺǵĻҳ
Ԫٿƣʮ˿һ¾ɵ鼮˿۾һ
һܸԪ鼮ǻ˵Ԫ͵Ԫ磬Щϰԡص㣬һ֪ʶĺûᣬһ鼮һЩϡޣǴûм˵ġ
ϧǣǵʮ϶Ĳ֣ϡ
飬ܿϣҽģܿ죬һ飬һܸϡֲģٿһͨһ鼮Ҳ֪ܶϡֲͲҩϢ
ļ飬ȻҪܶ࣬ΪԸоԪ
һ̷֣⾹Ȼһָ߼Ѿ֪ĿǰʦЩ߼ʦյҲʮһЩмͳʦյǾ͸ˣʮ֮ΪѶ˺ܶ౶ǻѴʱ䣬Ҳδռ֣ʦȡһЩרķʽϲʦѡֹԵĸ߼ϲѡоȻлָ͵ʦٻ͵ʦʦѾʲôܣѾʼַ֡ȻҲСȫ͡ʦʦ̫ˣ͵ʦȫܣҲΪҪרʵ̫ѾһҪָ֪ʶûԨ֪ʶͲʹ
ͬ߼ǧʯҲԼʦһƿǧʯƷ֡ѪͳԼǱмϵ
Һܶ߼Ѿʧˣ˵ͼܽһȫ˵ͼҵʮʣµѾʧ
ֵ߼֪ǰʮֵеģʧģʧôһξ׬ˡ
˵ڵʵ߼˺ԶǣⲻȽ߼Ҫ֪ڼϣлƽѪͳBUGһĴڣʦҪռ˺ܶơ
ʮߣһӵױȵֻжӦܽǿ޵ٻ鼮ϵ֣һʱ˽ȥ˿̣˿ûвܶһֻ̥С֩롣

С򣬷촵Сŵķ崵Ķ죬˿̣ƽСȴΣķʮﵽԪ弶óϮɱͽսĵСУ֮⣬жʮʵﵽԪļͬͨɱĵͨˣǵֵܻѵġɱߡΪϧЩɱǵֵܻľеʱһԪļɱߣԼΪۣɱﵽԪ弶ĸ֡
вһҩ塯塯ǵֵܻ̥ڿһֶһڶʱڽĿ곹һСƬⶾҩ壬еΪĴڡ
СĳߴԽСһĿ
ܿ죬гһӰ֪һεĿˡгֵģһŮӣΧһִɫߣϣſһֻǧʯ
Ѿݣһʵʦ
ڵԪ磬ʦ޵еĴڣû˭ȥǣΪʦվŵǵԪ硣
һΣȴ˻룬Ǿǵֵܻᣬһ֮ͽһЩƷͲ顣
ʦŮǿͬһСУǲм
֣
й۲ĸ翴Է֮֪˲ţԿǿߣҪ䲻⣬Ҫռ֣һԷͷųһЩ߼ôС򶼿ܱ
£õźŵĵ̿ʼռƻõĽʽʼж
ҩȼһΧ׵ķΧ̱һԪְȫж塣
ɹˣ
ɱĵϲ֪ʦҩ嵱УҲǺѷӳеսǣǰ˽ⶾҩ󣬿ԽɱԷۼнսⲫ˭ܱȵùһͨɱ¾ֶεĵ


һһʮ ֩צ
ʮ߼ΧɱһʦֻҪŶԷûͷųǿôʤ㻹ǷǳġȻҲ֪ϮɱһʦĺܿǸֵܻ֣֮ǵľǵѪӪҸѾŵ˴Ծܾĺô³֮Щ˶ң⣬ʱֵܻҲûʲôϵ绹͸¶һص㣬ǾһεĹҲһǿޱȵʦԼɱŮʦҲδػжصĺ
ΪЩԭԲŻеͬһεϮɱ
ϣٲһЩˡ
˵ڼѾֻ̤˳ɹżΪʦսҲδжǿͻȻô߼ĹҲǱɡ
һ㣬֪濴һеĸȻҲ֪˿Ц࣬ɡʱ򣬱СΧͻȻɱһ֧ӣǧˣǰʮˣһɫĺºڼףŴ󽣣ȫǴźɫֲ׵ޱ
ȻΧҲеֵܻ˷ǵҲֻǰɱϮֻһһսһɾӵʱǵͲˡ
ģսԲǵĳ
ЩͱһɱһŮһƥɫޣȴǳǰ棬κε޷ֵĳֻǼͳ嵽ǰ˦һſƬһѤĵ£ҩֱѣɢǺŮͷ˽ȥƺЩƬ֮䣬߼Ѿ˹롣
⡭ôЩƺǺǵĺʹôԶĸĿɿڴȴףһεļƻˡ
ڶҩ屻Ƴĸ߼ɱһ룬⻹ô
ǶԸѾǲˣټϺЩˣýѾҲ֪ˡ
ҧҧ̼һźɫƬ˻һźʧ٣ˣٲӵȿ֣ӶӲˡ
ʵϷ绹ǼΪǵģǰŸոߣǱ߾ðһɳȵĻ棬γһ𻷿ӣʣĸ߼ȫ
ʮһ鿨𻷣
˿վһһĻ𻷵У£ڣһֱӽСݻ˴룬һЩͼֵܻԱҪôûҲ˵ӣĺʹޱɱ
һԿıʹ߽⡣
ǼһˣһҰѲһ˵һξǽƾͼƣ׼׽ȶԷʦͥϹĻıû뵽ľôߡ
Ҫ˵ʮ綼ǿĶ֣Ҫ˵ֶܵΣΪһ߼еƣҲ׷
һһ飬ֵܻҲˣǼȻҶԸ㣬϶ıƾһֵܻᣬҶʦ֣ǱߣźɫʵŮ˹Ҳ쳣ƤϺɫһ£ԼСͺǿ׳ޱȵޱγĶԱȡ
һţлл㣡Ե˵֪һŵʵǱҲ޼ˣȻһãһΪ˶ԸֵܻᣬΨһҵ˾һšһڶԸһЩӴĵˣʱռʱ䣬ٺõĽãҲҪ˵ллġ
˵ˣǻ飬ˣǼһôˣһźɫĳƮ¶˽׵ĶͲȥǳ
˵ܺãǳǱھȻлƽѪȻֻһ˿Ҳѧͽˣһεѧͽԣ˵һһָȻﵽ300㣡Ц˵ôһӣ൱ģϾΪһʦ˭ϣԼĵǳ֡
һȻ֪ѧͽԵĵһζʲôǲǳߵζſԻòٽһǿԽͼݡ
뵽һԭϣټ¶һ˿ЦݣʶͼִһʥأӦûòٺôɣ
￴һţͻ֪ǵҹɭǸǸѵŮ

ǰһֻ֩ЩĿɿڴոרעһʮ飬ʵʱͻȻӱ䲻һ
ʵƿķܼһ㣬һЩƿϣԼ򻯣ҲûӣⱾǧʷˣϲҲ
һ·һĻЩûԴѷ֮ȻҲ˺ܶΣգʱûһסһȴһ
ֻһ˵ĻĶ飬ͻȻߴôһ䣬˭һټͣʵٸҲûá
ͷһͿһֻ֩룬Ȼղ˵ľ
˿̣֩ƺҲǱһĶ԰ֻ۾ҲϴȻһֻ֩룬ĸоƺһҲǱһӡ
㡭ͻȻʲôˣƬ֮Ǵ֩䲻ôһ䣬ȴЩĿɿڴͬʱҲ侲ƺ֩벢ûж⡣
侲֮󣬷ǻָƽȻһ֩ԻЩ֣ƵҲ뻹ǽ͵ΪոͻȻ˵һҲ
Ŷԭһǲ˼ֻǿڿһ飬ƺûпƿʵϻܾһЩ㰴ϵĲɹʲ߶һķĲϣԲһ䣬û뵽ŵˣҲǺþúþûˣЩ鲻Խ˵һ䣬ˣҽоצأ֩˿÷ǳͨ˳͸߼˵ôʮźͻƺһֻ֩룬һڵѧߡ
ע⵽֩ƺЩΣ֩Ӧаֻצӣƨɺ滹һצӣպǾŸצӣԾצֵǺʺ
ҽ˵ȻԵһֻ֩룬ΪԷʲôӣֻô֩룿Ҫ֪ⲻͨͼݣʦʥأͼݡ
ʦôצʵƺһ汦
ֻѧͽʵ˵Ȼаķ߼߼ôͻѧͽ
ѧͽʲôʦôˣôģ˺ܾãҼڶˣһҲһˣ㿴ȥҪһЩҺأѾܾûмˣе¡鷳˵һ˵оצ飬Ѿˣצ˵
һ㶣һ֣¡
Լҵһǿһ𣿵ʱǸϵǡ¡


һһʮ ļ򻯰汾
벻¡Ȼһ뵽֮ˣ֪Էһһλǳ˲ʦϾܽһŻǸӣһĸ߼ʦԲ
Ȼ֪¡ʲôˣȻԷ϶򵥡
һֻצ֩Ϳʼੲݵ˵ٲȻһӡ
֪Ҿģѧ˿飬Ҿ֪ʵһֻ֩룬ȴһֻ֩롣˵鼮õѣǽ̻һУֻֻһˣҴû뿪ƽʱֻܺЩ˵һε¡ˣǾͳѣ̫˵Ҳˣ˵˵ɡצȻʮ˷ܣϲϻζëܿ
Ѿ֪צӳڶû뿪һ֪Ǵ鱾õģ²⣬צ˵ġҲĶкܴϵĻ˵ͼ飬ÿһ¶ʮΣԵˡ
צȻȥЩֲòª֩룬ʵϷǳҲʮ棬ûһºͻȻӾצϵԪӦצʵ൱ߣٶԪǸߵĴڡϸҲʮͼĲ飬ǷǳµĶҲжԪúյķצ꣬ǿ飬飬ûֳɾͣǲˡ
ǾĳС˵ɨɮһڡؾ󡯵ĵطôãĿȾ벻Ϊֶѡ
˵צģöԷֱܲˬʮѵã˵вһʱͼݣצ硣
צʱʱһ䣬һ䣬һۼʮϰˣ
һڶһľצ˵Ȼһ顣
˿צȴʮ˵һ䣺˵ʵצԸ񲢲ʺϳȥΪ˶࣬ǷҲͶ࣬е˹ĶǣĺԸױƭңûκηһʲôҪԸô죿
ô˵ĽצˣҲһĴ·˽ͬһ澵ӣ˶ãҲԱ˺ã˲ҪԸ㣬ԼҲȻ
צһ㶣ȴ˵˵ĺ͵¡˵һܿһǺǻǺˣ
һЦѾ֪צƺ޷뿪ģԸղ˵ЩҲֻижצһֻȥǸЩ֮ĵķҲûʲôҪ
ʱͻȻ뵽ոԼһ飬ʵ˾צո˵ƿķܼһ㣬ô򻯣
ʵģǹʮߣѾ¿һ£ָ߼ƿѶ̫󣬲˵ϣǶԪҪҲ൱ߣҪһſƬҪﵽԪĳ̶ȡ
ֻԪļȻǲ˺ԶԪﵽ˻Ԫ߲㣬ҲֻǿԪ弶һǴﲻָ߼ı׼
Ż;צ˵ô໰ھצ˵ļ򻯷ô򻯣Ҳܼ򻯵ԼĿǰͿԲĵز
ѯʣצǱֳʮŵӣצӻȻ˵򵥣Ȿҿ˲ʮΣҲҷҪôһſƬѶ̫󣬶Ҫ̫ߣҾŸıһ£ƿδҪôߵԪҪͲϵҪ󣬼һЩͨĲϺͽϵ͵ԪҲЧܻһ㣬ԿһƷ
˵꣬צͺޱĽϰоóĽۺ;鶼̸ϸţͬʱԺ㣬֪̾צԼʮƿȷ൱ĸһ֡ݾ
Ȼݾĵ·δ;̹;ĺôҪܵͣҲףʡʱʡ
վצ˵ģڵԪȼͿ죬ҪĲҲǰпգȻҲϡ٣ǿԻõġ
ֻߡݾֶȻۿۣҲ֪ⱾǸ߼ȻۿۣǸ߼İƷҲ϶һЩͼҪǿ
ǽʱ䣬ھצżʵйȥò˵еʱʱ൱Ŀ죬ȵŪŷ֣ԼͼݣϾҪʱˡ
ȻЩᣬ߾צʶѣ˵ԼҪ뿪ˡ
צһûоȣȻ֪
ƾȡһĿᣬ⿨ûм֮ÿһҳϣǿۣһɫԪС
צһԪץһƬֳһ
Ƿſ㽫ЩƬעԼԪԺǾͿ÷ſͨˣʲôģңȻצ̫¶ˣȻ֪ҪߣȴҪЩſͨš
ȻצЩƬעԪ󣬻ύ֮ͿԻ÷ſͨţʮַ㡣
ȻҲצĲᣬҲûӣ룬ڻʦ˵ѧͽΪʦ󣬻νͼݵĻᣬԺԺл
⻰צ˷
ҪˣΪʦһ˿֮ûбȤˣң
;צķſֱʮţҲ˵˿ַͨſͨʮΡ
ոս꿨ƬͻȻоһ޴޷赲һ̣ͱ뵽һƬԪеС
ȵӦŷԼѾͼݵڴһԣŹ˯СĹ۳һЦˣջô
˿εЦЦû뵽ʱ䵽˺ԼᱻǿͼݣȻͼһĹκ˶Υ
뵽צһļһϧҲûü
ˣ´εҽΪʦ˵һҲ֪ǶԴ˵ģǶͼľצ˵ġ
ȻΪں˵̵´ΣٸҴһЩóԵô
ʱЩԪĴ󹷣Ȼһ۲۵ĴԻһצѣ˵ͷӦ
ܸˣùצʾѺá
˵ҲȾצǿĶȥΪĳԭһֱڣΨһȾצǿǣܾһЩ죬צֻǶ鱾ˡ


һһʮ ҶϺ
Щпʹ˸Ȼصͣǰķϡ
죬ȻȻʮָˣһ棬͸һ¡
ϴǸŮˣ
ʲôŮˣһ㶣һʱûӦܿ뵽˵Ŀ϶ҶϺ
æ˷һȻΧбýʵʵҶϺˣһ˫۾˿¶ֵɫҶϺ¶ȵɫ
ǡô
ô㲻֪һ㶣ʱҶϺǸһ˷ģôӣƺǵˡ
һ£ϸ۲һڵҶϺ֮ǰһЩ־ǧ֮ıԪѾʧȡ֮һȻֱʣ˵ֻǼҶϺɼǵһ㡣
ۼһμҶϺʱƺӡ
һֿܣǾҶϺġҶϺ
Ϊ֤һֲ²⣬ʵҶϺǲǵһμʲôط
һμ棿ǲۼôˣأУΪʲôᱻţҶϺһίǧС㣬Ǵ˿Щ¡
ϸ˿ҶϺȷ϶Էڹ˵ѣͬʱҲȷӦԭԷаԪѡĻ
ȻڵҶϺҶϺ
Ϊʲô²⣬Ӧ֮ǰռҶϺ˼άаʶںϵԼĴֵУڴôɱϵ弶ΪǸаʶںϡԣռҶϺ˼άʶʧָܻʶ
뵽Ҳ˿ҶϺи̣ڿǻָ˹ԼôԼҲһ¡
ֽΧͬʱ⿪ҶϺϵӡ
ڿǣκҶϺ˵һʱľ
ʱҶϺһˣ֮ǰȹΣǺģɫŹ֣֪϶ʲô¡
ۼΪն˯ȥ֮ʲô¶֪ˣƺһܳʱΣֻּǲþεʲôҶϺԼʱǰǿ̫࣬ƺĳڣⶼʶЩԾ
ջǾ鶼ҲûҪҶϺ֮飬һһĽ˳ȻԼľûж˵ص˵ҶϺõľЩǴġ
˵һȥ˼ǲŵ飬ҶϺɫò԰ޱȣϾ˭Լ徹Ȼһ֪Դаʶռ£оºͿ־塣
ҶϺҲûдţóƭ˵Ҳʵûƭ
ð죬ŽϣҶϺĬƬ̣Ÿɿһô˵ұǸаʶռôʱ䣬ô飬ڣѾԪļһΪʲôѧͽǣ
˵ͷ
ԭҾȻô£һһ˶£һ㣬ѾˣҶϺ˵һ£ۿѾˮ
кǺһЦղûнѾԼˣҶϺ˵ûԼõȷǡ
ðȻҶϺҲָ˱ʶչһ¡
ȻȥȥĵʦǸȴʦѡΪӣӦҲǸо֮ǰڵаԪλȥҲƭˣ˵յֵܻĹԷһſƬУʧˡԪһ֡ʧ俨ǿʧȥһּ䣬ô˵ҲûʲôȴʦҲҵȥʡڵѧͽѡκͲԵ齲˳ҶϺȽ鷳ȥģֻһɺŪȥ
ãֻ㣬˵ģõĹϵӦúܺãҺãҲ㣡ҶϺҲɵἰõ֪˵ʲô˵
˵·Ͻ̸㣬ֻҪܺŪȥУԺҿԽ㣬㶨ĵʦһ¾ǣ˵
ллˣҶϺ˿Ե˵֪Լ֮ǰҶҵģҲ֪ռԼζԴĸģһܵԼҶϺѾЩȲҪȥԼĸĸ˵˵ﻰ
ͼǧٹֵ飬йڷģѾ֪Լһҷֽɫ硯һٶȷǳķԪΪڷаҲŽǰʮ
ò˵ǸûжԸԼһɫ磬ʵǿˡ
·ϣ̸ҶϺȥô˵ܿɫٶȣ˻صʦƽ̨
ҶϺʱֿȥһ¿ʦֵʦڣֻգһҶϺĺȴʦ˵֮󣬺ҲǳĬƬûж˵ƺˡ
չڱҪ뿪ʦƽ̨ʥǣھĴ˲֪Խ˶پ룬Ȼһص¾ϷʥǵС
ȻɫҲһ鴫˻һܷһָɻء
ʥǵУĦǴ⣬¾ҸոոһݴʥϣװİͷݹҲ֦Ҫá֮оչܿ죬ٶȣܿͿʹöźʥǵһЩѧͽУҲ£˲٣ڿνǷˮǰ;
ʱĦҪõѧͽһ˵Цǰ׼ȥһѧͽרȥĵطռһЩƿϣʱǰ߹ҶϺ

Ħһ㶣һʼΪԼˣϸһҶϺ
ǻţ
ĦһоȵͬʱҲЩ˼ջȻѾĴԲʵ
ĦһּʺͲһһһƸѾ̬Ȼǲƽ⡣ԭΪˣû뵽Էţܺô
⼸ѧͽѧͽĦͻȻͣ¶һ㶡
ǲûмһѧͽĦ˵Ħôˣο˵ҪԪǵ֮ռϵģòǷ˰ɣ
ǰǿ֪¾ǵҸ˰ǧԪΪ˰ͽѪ˵Ѿ¾ǵĵһ壬ո˶żңҶҶǣҲѾǺһʣһѧͽЦ˵ȻڴȤ
һȴѧͽĻɫһ䣬һ׷˹ȥǸѧͽֻоǰһΣͷֶһӰ
ղ˵¾ǵĶżұˣʲô˼


һһʮ 
ǸѧͽҲһԪļʵǴ˿̿ǰͻȻֵˣȴһҶԷ̫ǿȻǽѹסѡ
˿Щˣ¹ĺֵܣôܲʱɢƲʵԪ߲ԪѹԿԼͬĸ֡
ѧͽҲһˣ֪ǰ˵ʵǿ٣Ҫǿܶࡣѧͽ֮䣬ҲǿλģǿлȨߣ߲С
ֻʵʵ˵Ҳܣ¾ǵ˵żҵĿɽˣ̴鰲ͷݹһϮ˶żң˵ż˲أѾ¾ǳˣǸѿһСҲûŹЩ¾Ĵ£ʥҲв˶֪ˣĦҵĿɽ¶
ѧͽʲôæ˵
ǰ˶ţоѹԴöԷעƵĦ
˿ɢԪȣΧ׷Χڶ˹Ħ;ˣ˿ͲǸѧͽô˵һ
һ̧̣ͷһ˫۾ʶģĦҲ֪ʵҵĹϵôã
ȻƲϵ
⼸ѧͽͶĦĲѣĦҵĺôһǿ̾ͷˣƷҲ̫ˡѾʼǣҪҪĦˡ
ȻЩǵ
һûмĦµص㲻ǶԷҺͰΪĶǣҪȥ¾ǿô¡
ҶϺɫ磬ȥҪȥ죡
˵꣬߶Χߣٷʥȥ
ΧǼûмϡߣĦ˶Ŀɿڴ뿪ղǸѧͽ˿δ
˭ԪļôôȻĦѾʧޱȣǸѧͽǳʵ
Ħ˿ҧгݵ˵һǶ˶ˣһֱĦΪԼǲҲ̫󣬵ǽɢʵԪȻһƥеĸоǸоһԪ弶һ㡣
ʲôʱѾ̶ֳȣ
Ǽѧͽһһ⼸ܶˣֵܻϮѾˣ¾ǵҲкܴϵû뵽ûһǿƹ
⼸ѧͽѾȻǱ󰡣ǸղͷųϢѾʥǿļѧͽ޼ˣҶԷĦƺּ϶ĻǻҪҪĦһֵȶ顣
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ĦֱˣҲûзӣɲ׷ֹֻһö
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ЩҲɵΧŵߣ֪̾˵ݡ
ݼѧͽˣЩǹڵϣʾǿߵĳ
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ﻹһšҰƬʱԥҪѰһڶżҷﻹûҴߣȻֿԺСҲŹκλᡣ
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ȡһԪƬһƬ漤صһϵˮƬͱըɣȥץסϵһصذ壬ȻһͽһƵĵذ嶪һߣ棬·һصڡ
ǰżҼȻⰵǿ϶ߣ۾һȼһ˿ϣ
ҺͰ϶Ҫȥʰģڣżҵ˻˻ţҪȾǡ
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ҲΪ˿ϢǿƯڰգ壬벻˵ⶼѡЩҲ֪ѧͽʲôӣȻǲ֪ѧͽ
ʱҰͻȻ˹ȺУһӡͷ߳½¡һһѾ˵ǰ
˴һ׼ܣȴǱһһץ˻
𡭡ɱңʲô֪һƤӶЩˣץ죬һѾˡһҲòĶȥ˵ǳ½£Ȼ֪ѧͽһĴڣһѧͽץסܲô
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Ҳɱǣǣֵô£֪֪ʵҲǺɫʱ侲һϸһǽ˳
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һⶼʲô߰ģԼʲôʱ˳½ϴˣ
Է˵½͵͵ֵˣűǣҴѹͬɥ֮ȮЩɥ½µӣ½ͷ߹ҲòĶȥ
ֻ֣ǳ½Ƿӷ裬ΪʲôҪȹǣ


һһʮ ½Ķע
ĳƶߣңǣŮٵ϶㵽ƾɰСϢǵлյǧ̣ҲнŮǣŮģأڣǶֻһ֡

ԶûСƽۣУҲΪ׫ģ̫ƽʢǿ˵˵ڣΪ治ֶεʱ˭˵ƽ˭ԲС
һһʵ˵ʱǿ߲ʸ˵ƽߺδ֮ž޴ĵȼ࣬ߵУҲֳһߡߡߡ
һ˵˸òõһߣŻסƶ󲿷סģûбûпɽҲûоѵĿˣΨһԸǳΪߣȻͶһƵطϺӡ
⼸죬ȴĵסˣƽͨ߲ʵĴ
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֮䵽һأȫΪ£ֵˣ©˷֪ˡ
ڿ¾˵һĴڣҶҲΥ棬Ϊұһǿ˵һʥǵѧͽɽϵܵ۹Ҷ
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ڳ½ΪһͷߣǸԼ׼һЩ·ڷԾ̴ĸǱӵһƶߣȻûǽֵȳһϡ
ˣҪȷ˻š
Ϊ½֪Լܾܲұ𣬾ͿˡԶ˵չ൱ϸһ
ʵϳ½Ҳ˵Ϊһڣ֪·ԼѡģȻҪ뷨λֻܲһ˾ͱ˵ڣĶˣô̡ܷԴĸоѾֵ֪걳Ǹ˽ʲôҲ֪ԷѾΪѧͽ
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ԾǵͷߣؼʱҲڻң˼ʲôʱʲôʱһ¼߳½ЩҪԸԼǼֱһ仰¶ֻһ·ǾǽһĽȥ
ĵľԼĸо϶ǸԲͨˣԼڹؼʱ̰˶ԷѣôͿܽһôһӮˣô㷭˵ܵõǰǿȨơ
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ʱ򣬴߳һˣȴһŮСꡣ
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磬˺õôС˿˵ǰ벻Լͷϴ½ʲôϵڣȴĳѣԼԼ˨Ӹǳ½ȵġ
Ǿ֮СȻǰó½Ǻˣһ̣ĺܸмԷ
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ڣΪԼˣĳ½ټļҵһһˣ˵ԼˣСиһθкС
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С꣬½λڵЦһⲻǲڣҲᷢô鷳ˡ
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磡С꿴ǿųĻô飬ĿǰԲѣܶʵ϶ѹһϣ˿̿ȻǸίӿͷϾֻһʮСŮ
û뵽½ľС
Ҫ֪һг𱨳жˣ½һ㣬һʼǳںĿģƾ϶һĺôǽԷԼˡ»Ҫ۲۲죬ĿǰҪǾˡ


һһʮ ĳŵ
С꣬ȥ˨Ӻ͹˵ֱ꣬ǰȥ˿˵ƺȴ˿
ô˵˻һȻأкܶۺ˿ڣֻҪûͻоȡ
Ҫ֪һνͼݣҲһЩ鼮вٸҽۣЩԪؾѧĸӸ
ҲΪˣѾļ˿ļ˿ԪȼˣȻֵֻҪһǾͿ϶ܾȻ
˵һָ߼ʥǾǲܵصˣȱˣֻҪһǾ˲ָ
ָֻ߼ҽڸ޷
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Ķ磬ôѹ󣬻ЩԺЩɶͷԵ˼˨Ӿ͸ˣһֱ۾ƺûȫع
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ʱͲ˶лȨʱˣǿԪļߣһЩƬͿԽǧֻԪһͶľʿɱ


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һξһҡͷݶɵĦҲͣ⽫αͭʿҲһ͵죬ԷƣʥǵɷԼ治ö䶯֡
ң˭ȲˣѾ¶Ľˡ
뵽˳ȥȻǰٷ̸֮ȥ滹κԳԣݹ룬ҲǶԼĸʿս״̬Ǵҵľһȥң
˿̣ھ·ֽ⣬ʮ̹һſڶڿڶ׼˾·ֽĴţǰ棬ҵˣһˣҵϵ֮⣬мʵǿսʿһǰרһԪ弶Эҡ
ڰͷݹѾǰһ췵ʥ֮һϣװ˵ΪһʥǬݷһЩ䶯ȻЩ˵ҪԪ弶ںȻǺ޹˼ɣһθǴֱӽݹ̶ͷҲɵ
ݹѾξִܾоǵļƻɹһѹҲ˵ģҲҪ£һҲҪŪô鷳үүԪ弶ĸڣΪʲôڼǰֱӸɵǣ˿˵
Ҫ˵ŪıҸ˵ûүүĶ֣пɽǲ٣ǱϾֻǿɽұʵǿӲе黹ǲ̫ʲôʱȵΪǿƼ壬мԪ弶ǲʲô͸ʲôֻҪоԵʵԵǿƣס仰ʲôǿƣʵǿƣ
˵ûʵŽǿƣͻȻһӿһȭֱʮ̹˵Уֱ̹ӱұ⣬̹ҲǱ˷


һһʮ 
ô£ʲôˣ
˶ǴһľȭȻһӾͽǵװ̹ȫݻ٣һĳ˶ſ˵ϡ
⾿ʲôȻ
һƬңǼսʿһԪ弶嶼Щ
˿̣ǰľ·ֽȴ߳һȺˣͷǰģһˡһǵ˿
⡭ô㣬ôţȻһˣֶҲ̳үүǰ㣬µˣ˾
ʥǲԵУͼʶ׺Ҿ˵½ѧͽĲȡ˵һ˿̼ʶĴһ£ɻͿ־塣
ҵȻţϾҪˣ˵Ϊѧͽ֮ǰ治ôĵĸɵңڣݽȣѧͽǵԪʦҲ֪Լĵʦʵһǳĸ߼ʦֿɽԼǿӲֶңҲԲ˸׷
˵ʵˣҪֶΡ
ôҪ£СּȻǵ£ҲҪ̽ǹڣͷŷƤ˹ˣǰ˵Уɱʬȥ˶ȻͣʱͻȻȻ֪ʱҪʲôȻˣǾҪΪǿҪǣ߻ƣ˵ǧʿĵƾǸƤ˹ˣҲǰԪ弶塣
Ƥ˹Ԫ弶ڣ
޿֣ʮ㡣
ʿ̿ǹڣͬʱвٷһ𼤻һ˦ֳȥʮſƬ沼һķͬһǽһ㣬Щȫֵ
õ˵µʦϺ鼮Ѿо˺ܳʱ䣬Ȼûͱһ㴰ֽΪʦǴ˿õĿҲ޽ӽĳ̶ˡ
һǹڻͷܹõķ
˼ȻǰҪɱˣҶȻţϧҲһ˲ţҪˣ˵ǸţƤƤ˹ˣԪ弶ʵȷǿ԰¾ǣʥǵѧͽҲԪȼܳġ
ղͷŵķҲˣһ֮ȭȷǾ޴󣬲Ƥ˹Ҳмʶˣһ½ѧͽһһ㲻ˣϾһҲҪܶϡвϲ죬½ѧͽжٲϣ˵ҪķѺܶԪԷոͷһſƬǾǸ˼ǧһ϶Ԫã֧ʱʺϡ
ڶԷѧͽݣɱ˶ԷԼ̷ʥϣװʲô£ҿźˣ˵Ϊһ½ѧͽʥϣװĵλֻҪʦǸһЩͿ¼ƽϢΪһ½ѧͽʦǿ϶󶯸ɸ꣬Īǻܽϣװɣ
ˣƤ˹һ㶼ġ
սپһԵȡǿĿƬʩչǿĹ
צƤ˹һʹ󼸱һſƬһϢצϣγһ޴צǰݺݵץ˹ȥ
ɣƤ˹˵ƺѾʤ⣬ϾһԪ弶ҪһԪļӦòѴ֮
ֻצӸջƺһεУ˲䱻˺롣
⣬ô£Ƥ˹һؾ壬һֻ̣һ׹֣˾ͱ飬һ鵱С
˸ûпô£ƺƤ˹ڿʱͻȻ飬Ȼһķ·𷨵һ鼮Ƥ˹ƵƬȫ˽ȥ
һ̣Ǳʧ٣·ûгһ
ž
ȫžЩʿҲĿɿڴ֪ʲôЩ
ǿԪ弶ĸ֣¾Ǹ߲ʣ޵еĴڣȻգֱӾͱɱˣ
飬Էߣǲóˣ
۵һĳڵϣȻǱˡ
֮γԱȵǶǱߵˣǶǴСУݹҲǽû뵽ȻǽһԪ弶ɱˡ
ôţƣǣ
Ƥ˹أܽʵľ˵ƺɲŸղһС
ˣֵˣôԶżҺֵģҽôǣڶɣѾٷϻȡһѺھ󽣣һԾٽɱԲ˫ۣȡſƬֵһ˴ٻһնΡ
ƬѪܵĲʬڵأǱߵ˹
ĺòңһҲ֪ڣ׶༪ˣҶ֣Ĳٶ֣ΪղѾе˼׾پ͵ֵƬ֮ɱƤ˹Լ
֪ʲô֪֪ѾͶʥϣװİ㲻ɱ𣿡˿̺˵
㣬ǰʲôطûм֣ҪŹҵˣΪûпͷݹ
˺͹ѾصϣװˣҶңǺϣװԣУѧͽĦҲǵĿɽѵҲ£˿ǽԼɽ̧˳֪ӵһͲˣˣֻҪлᣬͻὫͶԷȫɵѾð˼ƣֻҪȥʵʩ
Ķܿð׹⣬Ȼ֪á
ҳ罫ɱĦӱ϶СָͷǴˣһ׷֮ٳ嵽ǰһԴնͬʱ߶֣⼸Ҫߵսʿɱ
ǿԪ弶׻ɱͲ˵Ԫļսʿˡ
֮ǰĻ۾һӿȵĲʣûϢͷء
һʣµ˶ɵˣмǹڵģҲɵȻǧʿҲܲסͰ
նԷһɱԪ弶ֵֶΣǧʿҲԪһԪҪԷɱġ
ȻѾɱˣҲû֣ʣµľݹͶżҵ˴ˡ
ҵɱҲùˣӽ쿪ʼ¾Ǳ׳ˡ


һٶʮ ¹
ݹʱҲǰǿ֮£ǧʿҲûҷΪǣǽʿٻ˳йʿôһ޴ڣЩʿûκεֿ˼
Ǽ̵ʱڣʹżҵҵʹ¾ǣܵ۹ʥҲǵһʱ֪¡
ֶΣֱյҸǿӲֻͬԤϵģû˭顣ΪݣʥȻ棬ܵ۹ĹʿͲΪҲûκζ
ϾֶȻǿӲȴԩͷծûжԸ޹صˣټ֮ǰ̿ɽǿһЩ飬Ҳúܶ˲˾Ȼûһվ˵˵֪ҸϢǱ棬һϲ¡
ȻҲǴ壬֮ǰƹ¾ҪְλһЩȨȻǳա
û˸һţΪ˭֪ҵӴҵգһ󵰸Ȼʮζ˿ɲԡ
ΪЩѾˣǶżҡ
ż֮ǰԪˣȴĻᣬĶżң¾
˭֪żұˣһǿޱȵѧͽԽɱԪ弶ĸ֡
֪һ㣬û˸ǡ
ȻΪֲԭ򣬶żһȫ̽ҵĲҵһЩȨĽ£˳½
֮ǰ½һŵ
ǰ½ˣԲܽ¾ӴĺȨȦӣڣ½ҡһ䣬һֻܻ켣һСͷӣΪ˿Ծ¾˵Ȩɴ֮һ
Ȼó½ϲͬʱҲǲֹһεң֮ǰѡ˾ˣԹۣ֮ǰľٶ˵ұ򵹣ᱻǣٲнֵλͳɾ͡
ҲӼᶨ˳½ľģѾΣҪһȣȻ½ҲеߵģȻ϶һϴǾԲ׸ı䣬Ļ˵ǻ죬ҲҪ塣
ҲͬԷΪԼµһҪԭ

¾ǣҶҡ
Ҷ񶫿ѾָҺԼӱһŮҲ˿
ҶϺһλаʶռ齲˳ǲ˵ģԼ֮ǰıָĸܿΪ˽еĵĺǣҶϺŽһһ
Ϻ˵ģҶϺĸһҹ㣬Ҳ谮ҶϺˣ˿ԼıŮȻǱһ֪аʶռ峤֮ãҲһһ¡
Ȼڴ֮ǰѾͨһЩҶϺɳʱȷǰŮŮ
ҶϺ˵ͷλָʶҲ˳
˵Ǹ㣿ңѾȹüˣҶ񶫼Ҳ侲ϸѯ
ǣףۼصʱ򣬾־ŮãûŮˣҶϺ뵽Ҳǳ˸м
ϸ룬һǵξˡ
ҶϺֵ͵ǧС㣬Ӵӹ͸һ԰˵ҲΪƣҪõͬȴǲס˿̣ҶϺһ뵽оͻ᲻һůһȻĶĸо
ҶϺԼҲ֪ʲôʱָоǾһ仰˵ģоˣס
ںɫϣֻۼԼڶΧסʱֻڵһμʱô֩벿оȳʱ
⣬ҶϺҲŪֻ֪һ뵽Ͳ֪ӿ졣
ԼŮһҶȻҲһЩߡ
Ϻ㣬ϵܺ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
ʲôҶϺһ㶣ŷӦʲô˼æӦѣ˵ҲѣƺϵҪһ㣡
Ҷ񶫵˵ͷȻƺʲô˵ϺãҲСˣôʱѾˡ
֣˵ʲôأҶϺһ졣
ɵŮֵ˼˵һˣҪסͷֿ϶õ˿ɲ࣡ҶϺĸʱЦ˵
ĸ׵ĻҶϺӶˣ뷴ȴû˵ʲôȴ뵽ѵԼĶкø
ҶȻŮ˼ʱֵɲͨˣѾѧͽҸո˵һˣҸˡ
¾ǸոշĴ£ΪҶҵļҶô֪ܲȴûκ춯෴żңҶ˵һ¡ҵҰ̫̫Ȩվһ£ֻ֮ǰ̫ʢҶҲҶԿңȻΪΪ壬Ȼһ¡
Ȼһ㣬ͳ˵ʵ
Ҷ񶫻֪żѾǳ׵ͶڽӹеĲҵһżҵǲ赲ģ˵ΪżҵĿɽ˭ָ赲
Ҳ˵żֻĴ˶ѣƿ¾֮һģʵϾ
˵ġ¹󡯡
ԼŮܺо޴ǰ;¹һҶңҲˮǴߣӭµĻԻ͡
ֻ£ҪŮŮԸ⣬ҶҲԲŮϲ£ĿǰŮӦǶкøУŮû˼ôܼȣ
ҶϺȻǲ֪Լ״⣬ʱ˵ҸˣҲһ֮ǰ֪ҵ˶ѳˣԸһسǷˡ
ʱҶϺ뵽һ£ȴǶԸĸ˵֮ǰΪռ壬һ˶£ұ뽫һ˵һԲ𡣡
£Ҷ𶯷ȻᷴԣҲǴСģ˵ǸŮҲΪҶϺҪһȻ˫޳ɣҶϺҲ˵ˣƿصһ;ۼأһƱҪһ˻ܲ𻨡
˵ڶ죬ҵԼҪȥõ뷨˵˳
ߴ󲿷Ѿ꣬ʹǣҶϺ뷨һļϡ
Ȼˣǰȴ뿪ˣʱܵʥϣװȥҶԷ鷳ֻһˣ磬ȥһԸŮɱ
λصǣӵ˺ɫӦþѾʲôˣԺɫٶȣǧľֻҪʮӾܷɹȥ


һٶʮһ ľ
¾ִһ죬ٺöһ£ŴҶϺ֮⣬һˣǾݹ
ݹõĸף֪ŮͰͲסȥҲø˸ˣǴݹҶϺһ˺ɫ硣
ҶϺͬһμʶԪķݹǱֳȤ
˲ʵ˲һܷûκεԪҪĶϵͳȫֿԴԪϡнò˵ԪƼʵ̫ˣǵĵӿƼɻȻҲԪƼǲһȼݹƽȵĴﶫ̾ѡ
һʣ֪ݹι¾оŵҪְ֪ΪȥڸĽԼϵͳ
˵ԪƼоͻȻһˡ
ڣ
ǣ˵Ǻʦͽģѧϰ˺ܶҪ֪ʶ
ֻڴͻΧ֮Ƕ֪٣ûȥۼأҲûȥʨǣҲֹһεĴԼǵϢʯ󺣣ûһѶ
Ҳ޿κε飬ڲǾϢʱһԪֵѣһ㽫ͻʯʱȻûôҲˡҪһЩˣôôѡ
ʱͻȻðһͷ
źɫֿ˿һװʹԪṩܵƽԣδطҪѧˣʵıԼǿԸõӦʱ
ĵӿƼҩƼԪƼ϶ܱŷĻ𻨡ｨôһоģרоνƼԪƼںһġ¿ƼȻҪרҵ˲ţʺϵģҲҲǰ״
·ϣ˵һЩǣʨǵ飬ҶϺݹĶǽζ
Ȼ˸һãһͬõĹۺѣһǸףȻһ֪պɫٶȣӦúܿͿԵ类Ԫںϣܶطĵεò˾޴ĸı䣬ЩɽΪƽأЩƽأֱӶһڵкһľ޴Ҫ֪ǰûеġ
ںϵ򣬶о޴ԪΪ룬£ﳬԪļͨԪϵһ硣
ɫ磬ȴǿԴԽЩԪϣںɫʮӺͻȻǰһ޴ԪϣˣԪڣһ޴ޱȵһһεײż̵Ԫڡ
һͷǸ˹һľ͹߳˰ףƤֱǻɽҵأǼ̣ء̣ƺ᲻ɴݣϵļ̸Ǵִÿһײڣܴ޴𶯣ƺضһͷս
ʲô
ɫϣҶϺݹҲͷ޴ĹⱲӿ˵ͷһοּĹȻǾĿɿڴݹɫ԰ף˽Ⲣ֪࣬ĿֲΪҲаǵģţһ죬Ԫ統ռһϯ֮ء
ֻ죬ݹͷһζ뷨˻ɡ
һͷ޴ޱȵľޣȥ¾ǣ׿ܵ۹ʥǵıƾֵ࣬ܲܵס
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
־ޣ¾ǾһߣķֶκԲֹޡ
ѾĿɿڴҶϺݹҪˡ
Ҫ˵Ǽ٣ģǾҪͼݵǸˡ
Ǹ˱ǰ޾һ͹һֵһᡣ
˵ǰʱǲΪã˲֪ȴǿͨԪӦ޵ĵȼ
Ԫ
ֻԪ弶ðķʩչҪԷӦҲԪǾͲһˡ
һԪľޣһĸ߼һܽɱǣűʮ֮ĸ߼ԸɵԷֻŴӿŹŪʮħԼʮź̶ƾԸɵԪľޡ
ʱǾײ֮£޴ҺصԪϾȻһЩѷ졣
ʣ޵ԿƿֲȻԽԪײԪݱǸʴڣļӲ̶ȾԳ֮Իѷ죬ΪԪݵɢˣҪͨԪʱܡ
ֻܿͷ֣ײԪݻǳ˴Сһѷ죬ȻͨһЩҪСһЩĹȴǳͨˡ
νСҲֻԵģҲ˵һ׷ΧڵĹѾͨԪݵһˡ
ɹǸޣһȴüͷһ塣
̫ˡ
ӾײѷͨĹ̫ˣԪҪԶɢ̶ֳȣҪһʱ䣬Ϊ޵Եʣʱ䱻ǰˡ
Ҫǣ֮ѾͨһЩϳʲôط
ǾۼأһλǺʨгİٹһ;ۼأ˿ʮң˿̣ԭǾۼصۼأ˿Ѿ׳Ϊ˹ĺ
̵Χǽǧٿף޷赲һ޳ĳۼǲԫϱڣǷ棬Ĳ֫ϱۡ
һĻЩݣͷһμ﹥Ƶۼأֱ˼Ҫ֪֮ǰ˵ǾۼصľҲңһһЩפ䱸Ӿ
޽Χǽڳ˼ľ׮̺ۼأǣӵʮ˿ڵľۼػǱƣ
ãͻȻ뵽ǣʨҲٹľ룬ﶼ˹ģĹôǺʨأ
ʨǻãǺ¾һӵа˿ڵĴ;ۼأǻǣ֮ǰǵ˿ڲˣڼǷչٿ죬ҲǿĶȥֹģĹ֪
ôˣҶϺݹɫ䣬֪鲻ãæʵ
ôۼӦڼǰƵģҵǴ˿ҲܵˣУǱϻȥЩˡ
æӿ߶ɫ磬Ҫ̸ϻǣʨǣλûǺ棬ǲҪģǲƣʨӦû㰲ȡ
ͬĵ˿̣ΧѾĹ
ǱһӴޱȵ޳Ѿһһҹˡһ޳ֻʮ򼶵ģΪ뿪ʱΧ˷͹ԣǲֵܼڡ
żԪļϵս˲᧿Σ


һٶʮ ޳Χ
ǣѾǼǰˣ˼н裬ҢɽϵĳǱΪģΧ޽˸ߴʮ׵ľ޴ǽ
ǿ׳ūͣüٶȿʯҼӹǰǲģһЩǽʱΧĽˣΧķǽҲֻ˰ٷ֮ʮѣһЩȱڵشֻܰ˴սʿʿǰ
ֻǼˣҪֵס糱ˮһĹҲǱˮнڣΧһЩ󣬿ԵֵԪ¹ĹһЩǿԪǿԶԷһģֹǵľ߾͵øֶɱֹ
˿̣һո޽ãΧǽϣǵľսʿǲϵɱµĹսƲҡ
ֻ̫࣬˿̱ǽͷֵһƬһ۶߼ʵĹ˷ǵСˣʱŵվվȡ
ϼ˿̴һġۼףֳ־鳤Ӣˬվڳǽ֮ϣԶһͷϣǼʯ־ڲ·Ĺ׼嵽ǰ
ϼһŮԾʿһ·һ豸Ǹɨһ£ȻͨһӵǸһĸװƽϿһӵ֡
棬ĿϵǴﵽɫƷʵԪԪĲ㣬ĳһԪﻹҪǿϣǵвܴ󡣡ǸŮԾʿ˵
֪ˣһɱĿ꣬ϼָɫͲһ֧ʸȻٹ
һ̣ϼǿԪ֮һֻʸϾȻǷһֻһѼٶȼͬһգ֮ͿԽٶ׵ľ룬˲佫Ǹ־˵Դ䴩
˵ʯƤϼļʸ֮¸޷ֿƬ̣ʸɱͬ׵Ĺ˵ԴըһСȱڣھԴ֮һʧˡ
Ҫ٣ֱӺȻء
ϼ㣬ˣһԣֳһľȣƼҵ޲϶޴ʯǰĵˡ
Ҳ˸֮һӵмǿҰ޿ҪƿͬҪƿͿһЩֶνҰҰ޽Ϊá
գڵ̫ãЩ̫ˣǰ죬ǾۼؾǱЩ﹥ƣʮ˵ľۼأӳĲ֮һǼֲסǾһǾۼأϼͷһɱһԪҲЩָҲ˲ѣֻϼҲԪ۷壬ͷǰֻͷһ
֪ǻʱõķôƾ迨ķټǷɱУЩδܹǣ˵ۿǴһǱһЩΧľۼأݱ˽ɶʮ˵;ۼأֱ仯뽨ΪԺ飬˵ѾǵԼļҡ
ΣնԼļҳ¡
ϼȻͬ飬ʱ򣬴ǵд߰öŵ绡ڵ䵽ȺУ̷˼ɱһЩԪĹֻҪڵУҲ
ͬʱӳǽһ˼ˣǶͶƷɣűڵɱĴƬ˶¶һ˿Цݣܿ죬һα
塢ƷɣˣϼкǴ߳ǲɹЩԪڵȷ⼸쵯ҩҲʮ־ˣ߳Ǻûнĵҩʲôʱ
ϼΪһЩȻҪ֣⵱оͰɹ
ղǸŮԾʿ·һ̽ԪȼԼոձͨڵҪǿڵǴһ߳ǵﹺ򵽵ġ
߳ǣٶ๫λںߡ˭֪߳ʲôʱģ֮ǰ߳ͻȻ֣ҳ۸豸ͿƼƷϼͶһʱ˽߳ǵĿƼƷǳȽǵķǾͻѸ߼۲ɹһĿСĿƼƷ֮Э飬߳ǻνǵĿǰΪֹֻһΣ˹﹥ǣĻʹѶ
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һٶʮ Ӣ۹
˿һƣϵĻвѪһһѴм̵һֻץһѴھǹȻ˿̻ǹӵѾ⣬һ·ɱġȻȥ۵ĹǺ˿һ㣬ֳ˵ԡ
ʨǴҲҪָˣĹﲻٶ٣ܸ࣬ίԱ˶ˣѱͲ˵ˡ˵һ䣬ʨǴ߶ĴʽҲû͹ȥ߳ǲǿǣʨҲˣҺѾˣνһ˹ǵһȥۣ߳ģǰӾǲһһ˵һĻ֪ʨǲָˡ
ͬҲﲻʨǣΪĹϵǺʨһģκһ鷳һԥİæһΣ̫ס̫ͣ߶Թ˲ϾȻ˭˲˭
ʱƣȻɱ˺ܶ࣬ûм٣ԽԽ࣬ȥʨǣڡ
ϼͶһۣӶԷ￴˲ʣˣٲҲС
໹ְܼСʱȵʧЧƾƷĳǽǲֵܵģһֻܰԱӹﱡķͻΧˣͻΧˣ˭֪ϼɫѿ˵򲻵ѣͻΧǼֵȥǳ
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ʱǰĹͻȻһ޺𶯣ֻھٶ׵ľ룬ͻȻѣӵһĽڲŵȴﵽ׵ľ͹
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Ǹô߳򵽵̽ǸŮԾսʿ̲ٿһСĻʾһš
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ڵͬһ䵽Ǹ͹ΧЩڵ׼ȷĻĿ꣬޴ĻͱȻûбɱϼ͵ۼ׼ֱȸҪӲ˵ҲһЩۼףǶڵ˵޹ؽҪСˡ
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ΪʨǱߵ⣬ûκε飬ֱӳɫһٹʨǡ
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ڵֻȺǵķһȽȹֻ̣Ҫһʱ䣬뵽취


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ǿֽƴļƣﾹȻڳǽƺ˼Сʱϵʬ壬Ѿ˼㡣
ûеȵʮ˸Сӳ棬ǰγھ󽣣ն罣
磬תʮ׷Χ֮ڣֻҪǱһ罣ɨеĹǴﵽԪĹҲ̱ʬ
֮ȻγһƬյشĿǰԪȼԪȵʵԽԽǿϧĿǰʨǵߵĵȼ¾ǶȲϣҲֻԪԪԶԶռսʿĴͷ󲿷ֻ֣Ƕߺһߡ
һ룬һ߼ٶ࣬ôֵܵ
ϰԪļľߣôͻһˡ
˿ҲЩѾ˽ļƻһεȵǺʨǵΣ뷨ͻƵʦȻôǺʨǣֱӽ뵽ԪؾĴ
ֻߵУԪļľߣֻԪļľֹ֮ǲֵܵס
£ȽµΣ
һɨȱڵĹȻ̲һٷһȥ
ÿһһطȻÿ뿪оսʿеѾ֪Ǹȥĳֶ޲ʨǷ˵֡


Ļʨǵ󣬼ʨǵκһطܵ֡
ͬʱںɫͣĵطһЩĻ
ʱʹ˼֯ҲǸæģĴȻ͸һЩ˿ɳ֮
⵱Уʨǵһո߹٣˿̴ļС檺;͵͵ɫ硣
ո߹ٵְλѾڼίԱմȨһûʨΣ֮ǰߣڳʱҹ£βӳȥڿĺɫ뷨Ҳѹס
Ϊһ߹٣֪ʨǵķѾﵽ˼ޣڣʨǾԻݣʵѾкܶطĳǽȱڣǴսʿֿʨˡ
չԱ֪ЩǷһҪߣ֪ݺֶεǰ£͵ķ
Ϊ棬ȻҪˡ
չԱȴôģȵԼȻ֮زز
Īǻ׷ٶȣӦʱԼ͵˰ȫشˡ
ƴһ»һ·չԱǴա
Ϊķһط˿һȺˣȴ̴ֹͬʱװԶ
վסίԱر˵ȲÿһȻְء
չԱʱüͷһ壬ܿͰڳһɹǻȥǺǣСͬ־㿴˭˵𣿡
˵ͬʱչԱ͵͵Լһ´˸ɫǸһߣʵǿչԱǴ⣬Լ´ζԷ
鳤ǸһҲ˳Էһ٣Լõǿط׼κ˽ӽǶԷǴҲС
ֻû˵չԱǸѾͻȻһԾһƴǸĲϣ⾯һһߣڵ֪
ɵĺãһͷҲҺߺչԱһ䣬Ȼ̴ԼòС׼Ϸ
ͿƳͬǾӢۣߣĳ˵ֶΣһۼҲܻ÷ˮܻǼܳ˵ʱ򣬷Ѿ򿪣չԱ˽ȥȴǿһ


һٶʮ ޶һ
ʲôɵչԱüͷһ壬
ڷ˯ͻȻôһ߽ȵ岻󣬵ЩջֻҲûзǾʱ򣬶ԷȻǴ㶯֡
һ¿Ƣôã֮⣬˸úûȥ
£Ķ̷ȥһҧ׼ֵľϡ
ԷίԱǸ£ȻߣٶȴǱ̫࣬ҧһڲŷӦֻʱѾΪʱ
һ̣߾͸оֱ۷飬ͷĿѣֱԵ
ٿҧֱۣѾǺϣж
չԱһʱľ⼸׼ֵľҲɵۣһʱҲǲҲǡ
ǷڰУĿ⼸ˣǶؾ飬صĶ˵һߣһǿ׳ĹĶҧҲǱɡ
ɵˣǲпƬǹ𣿿ǹҸɵչԱӦ֮ţ֪һжɹҪŭίԱֶ֪ΣһҪעһ
ֻɱԷһ˾һ¾ˣû뵽ԷҪ֣Ҳӣ˷
ˣ˺ҧڼûпǹ֮ǰͽ˶ԷҲûзŹǸͷֵչԱͬڣе˶ڶ̶һĶ֮¡
Էʲô⣬ȻҲóҪһҷôöԷԸȻԸһЩǿĵˣô󣬵ҪԸһЩ࣬Ķõ
չԱ˽Ȼ֪˿̣ϼʶǿ֣԰ΣڵϦʱԸȥƴģֶٸߣҲ赲ʨǵݡ
ʨµƴֿ£СʱȻǽʨΧһЩȫ²˷ЩطǼ޴Ӳʯ֮ܡ
ֻϧֻȼţԼԵʱûڣȴЩ׽ˡ
ڣСʱϵ޲©ԭҡҡ׹ʨǷ·𱻴һ˷ܼȻͦѵʱ̡
ʨǣûп棬Ƶĳǽֲ˷ֻҪ㹻ԪΪԪôȳǽҪ
ĹȥϾЩײУҲѪ֮Ҳ۵ʱ
ֻȴǴӹУӦֹŹֵԪ
ӱ濴ȥЩǾù£ԲżƣȴΪǸпЩĶ
Ŀʲô֪ǿĳԷ϶ʲôֻǰ
ʱ뵽һϸڣͼݵʱһٿжƵƺһĳֶοƹǰǳơ
ֻϧǲϸڣǱٿдҲʮģֻǴԵĿһһɨֻϡǵôһ¶ʵǼǲˡ
˭뵽ǺʨǻΣ뷨ӽȵ½Σˡ
룬һĵطҸרŰŹľסڣ׼κ˿Ȼڵϣȡ˵צһſ
ſֻʮţ˵һһţһ£ǲõģʱ򣬻Ҫצİ
ԼͲ²д˷ſϣȻдʺĻȻϸһ飬ԪһſƬ
ವһķſһ⣬ŵٶȷ
˿ɫѾʨﲻ˶һ⣬Ϣͨʿ֪ĵطǴӢĿǰڣ˲жӿϣ
ڵʨǣѾǻʵӢˣ˵ﵽ˼¡Ϊû֣ڳ˿ޱȵķ޲©ͷ㣬ʨͿˡ
ҪǣʨǿޱȵΣʱ̣ҪһӢۡһ졯ǳΣսʤһеˡ
֮ǰʨǣȱôһȻµίԱսڵһߣ͹ľսʿͬʹ࣬ǱϾһԳġעɲеӢۺһ
ʱ֣ǡòȱ
ڣʨ¶һˣְ汾Ĵ˵֮ҶΪֻҪڣʨǾͲ塣
־ɳǣһĵʨҲǸпѣһԼĸ٣ȻְصίԱһϼƣ̴Ӣ۱ˣֻ۸˵ģֻܶԱľߣͨ˼ʨǷս
֪ЩϢͬʱȴצϢ
ϢıĻҪ죬ʮӣһͻȻ֣ǰ
һֽһſƬץ
ǾצĻţϸһüͷһ壬ΪצĻûãצĻ൱á
֮ͬǰļ䣬ٿȷᵽֿԿ޽ڣֻϣȴ⼸ûзĵͼ鵱Уڶھצפͼݵļһ˵Щϼֱ
ܿǳһּΪϡе޶˵ԵڶԪ
޶˵ǻƽһսĴڣֻΪһ£Ǿսս
޶ûʶΪǱ˴ֻǰ˸´£צ²⣬һιΧǵ¼޶ڣôӦǰձܣʹս
Ҳ˵һ֪ô䵥޶
ⱳлƽһĻǺʨˣצҪȥ󷽲鿴һ£һ䵥ģձܽƹս޶ת
ʱֻҪ޶ָӹ١ɵͿԽΧǵв
ȻһɣֻҪзӾУǸ޶ʲôͷ¶ԷǴ˵лƽһսţԼĿǰֶΣҲδزκζԷ
ڷſУצ˵ĺףǾ޶Ҳкܶȼ֣ǼģҲԪ弶ʵҪԸҪССģΪԷӵвٿعսҪɱԷϼѡ
צнҪǰȥԸ޶ΪվצķĿǰʵսʤ޶ļʲɡ
Ȼüͷһ壬ھצԸ񵥴Ŀ֩룬ĻǺŵģȻצô˵ǿ϶ĵΪѵһȰ档


һٶʮ ޶
ʱûѡǼз󣬵ҲֻʱԵģһ󼴱ܼ֣ԪҲģӾ޴ʨǣǸˡ
ʨֻ޽һΧΧǽ¾ڳǻ޽˶ǽԻǻ֣Ҳ˵¾ǣһʧأһ˵ڶĵ͵߼ء
ʨǲУһΨһķʧأôûκηֵġ
ֻա
˾צķҲ˵˿ɫѾҹٴηҹɲֹۡίԱǵǰ
Ҳûʲôģһ¼Ҳ֪ؼʱֵ̣εģûίԱһ߾ܿ
ϵܣ˵һֽ޶ڱָЩǣΪʲôǲûǸ޶ʱ򼤶˵⼸죬ʨ˲أЩΪʲôҪ֪
޶ͺͻһͺ͵һִֻй̶û˲ٿأǿȻִнıܣһУֻн޶ɱܽһΣҴȥѰ޶ίԱ뿪ʱʨǾͽˣ⣬Ҫ֯˸߶Աһִ񣡡ʱ˵
ǻ᲻ΣգһҪȥɱ޶ýֺͷ붼һΪΣյ飬ʱЩˡ
Σտ϶УΨһķȷûӣִɱĿǰҲֻԼпɣˣȥˣˣԲܳɹ
֪ˣϻҲ˵ˣҪԱϰšϵܣԺʨ֮ǼԸĺ˿иж֪һûʨǾˣԽʨǽȥΨһϣԼһȨʲô
뿪ίԱҲܣǾһ¼ҲǿˣʨǶˣǻʲôȨʲô
νƤ֮棬ëɸ
ҲǼʶǿһηսУһγɵĽ磬ֱɱʮֻлԪޣһʨûһڲܱʨǡ
˽꣬Ҳûе飬ֱҵ׼ɫѰ޶
Ȼٶȣѡ˰߸ԱǶԪսҾҳϡ
˵ҪȥִʨǵսʿûһùģǵĻһҲˡ
ȵ˷ǰҲﶫᱻҧˣȵЩǴʱЦһֱӽЩʬ嶪˳ȥҲɫ࣬û뵽ʨΣ֮ʣȻ˳û٣ֲҪ顣
ѾҪһλᣬúһʨǵĹٳƾϵ̨ĹԱһҪȫ飬ϸֱߣȥѾ㣬ֻҪܶȹһΣʨǵȨҪȫ壬٣¸ҵϣЩֻˣƤȴûˣԲֻȫŪȥ
£û˵ʲôţ϶֪ô
ȥʬ壬ֱ˺ɫ磬ǰ߸ԱҲһ˷Ҫÿһ˶ͻǹֳڡըһɫͳΪһԹսԼΧɫҲܷһĹ
ڣһԱһöϹϴСը˵ʨΨһһöСͺ˵ͬǧTNTըҩһöǾ죬ԪըԽ빫ڵһжըɷĩ
רŶϵĶʨǱ֮󣬺͵ͬھõģϣν޶޷ɱֱӳŶԷôһը׼˲ɱ޶ڵ
û뵽ʨﻹִɱֻϧֻһöиʮöԼȫϺɫ磬ȻͶţ֮Χɻ⡣
һöСͺ˵ǷĲ٣Ȼצ֪֮ǰצԤԼɱ޶ĿֻɣСͺ˵ſԾϡ
ͻȻʶƣԪƼԼĿƼеʱĿƼҲó
ɫĿ¹رղţӯķ𡣳ʮ׵Ĳ㹻ɰڵˡ
˿̣߸Աڲڣһ㣬ͬʱһȡ
Ӣۣǡ񡯣ܺԼĿеĴӢһִйغʨǰΣ񣬶˵ϵ
ðķ򿪲ڵһЩ۲ڣԹ۲쵽һ޶ͿɱѰ޶ԪӦ֮⣬ԱЯ̨Ԫ̽
Ԫ̽ǵʱҲ˵Ǵ߳ǹ¿ƼƷ̽ĿԪȼԣ̽Ҫ޶Ȼˡ
˿̺ɫڹȺڲϴѰҿܵĿ꣬СʱȥˣûκջҵԴͷǰһֱеʨʮ๫ķΧͻȻǰһƬﺣ
ĹȼߣˣЩƺûдʨǷжͼǾۼһƺڱʲô
ЩףԼҵˡ޶Щָӹ٣ô϶ҪĿ꣬˶ġҲ
˵ʵôԣҲȷ
ɫϢĴӿнӽǲĹ
ͻȻ֮䣬ӦһԪ֪˷ԼһˡȻ˲䣬Ĺ￪ʼͻȻһЩӵзĹ̺𣬳˺ɫ硣
٣ô죿ѹѹɹķйȺӳʾ
ǻûȷ޶ľλã֪ǲǾԱҪǣЩҵĿͬʱ޷ɱôһͨߵ֪ǣǸСĢ𣿡
һΪҪΪоһԪټĹһֵļﵽһǺʨ¶Ҫݡ
׼˸ôһɱﵡ
һ̣ߵ磬Ȼ߶߷ɳ˺ɫ磬棬ֱٻʿ
һɱйʿͺɫϵĸԱҪǣЩӦò⣬ԼϰӰȻһ俨˲Ϣʧ
ȵʿ͸ԱЩＤսһ͵͵ĿܼѰ޶ټ


һٶʮ СĢ
Ĺ࣬˿̶ǷĺУ¶ݣӶצӣǿ겻ģһĨ޵Ԫ
Ӱ俨һһӦһԪǰ
ʱһ
ǳر˿ڿУһԾ޴òªͷ࣬Ҫӿţִ󣬶ͷĹͷһְԲΣϸ٪޼ʱĳֿģˣ۾ףֳһѳһִβ͡
ΧۼϰֻĹ࣬ڶͬһ㣬Źֵг
˲䣬ȷ߳ףһԳ޶
ʱǸҲ
ֻ޶һΪƵХУһ˵ĶҲֻһΪģ
һƵȺڣһЩӵԶ̹Ĺ̳ſеչ
ͺϵļ̣³浯ԳͶľʯһ˹˵飬ܶܡ
ȻҲû뵽ҪܣȻѾҵ޶Ǿ;Բܰ;ϣһ㿪һԷֻ߶㵽ȺڣҪҵϼѡ
㲻ܣǿٲóһ
ղãЩͶγɵԪϣȫǸֱĲƣͬƽĺͻȻһʯһ㡣
ͬʱһֻӥͻȻȥӥ˫չʮףһ˫ӥצԽһ̵װ׳˺ѣ˿һצֱӳſצ˹ȥ
žһȻǾһ£һ˿ơ
һ㶣ʱŷ֣һͷӥ޾ȻԪļ۷͹һ׼弶
ּȷǿԶԼĿвͫһ޶ߵĹֱһһǿȻǿĹԼ
ǲ˵޶ʵǿ
ûк޶Ӵľ飬ʱһжֻܿƲ⣬Ϊ֤ƲǷȷֱӽ
Щ׼弶ɧţҲ㹻ͻϮ޶
ӽӿһԾֱӱǾӥޣڿյֶΣʩչ׷硣
һ̣ѾǿԽ׾룬޶Ľǰͬʱٽ̳
£ĵ幥ǿģǰ½罣Ȳϣ޶ʵԼ²ôĻôһٿԽˡ
֪ܿԼˡ
Ǵס
޶ֱӻӶŹֵĳһնֱӿĺھ󽣡
ĿɿڴǣԼӲȴﵽ㣬˵޼᲻ݵĺھ󽣣ȻǱԷһ顣
ž
Ƭɢ䣬󽣶ˣнȻҲɢ
ѣΪһ̣ԷĳȻһּΪĽǶϻն
նԷһѳķȣһնУϵĻ׾ԺͨƤһ𲻵κηá
֮䣬æһһƶһ׾룬޶ĳ̶иЩŪ
Ҳ˲ˣһ߳ߵ޶ϣɳԷĹΧ
̫ˣӦ죬֮¶˶Էն˿ѾˣһΪ
û뵽ΪΣգ޶Ӷ˫һ¾ͳ嵽ǰһβֱͬһϵºݺݽȥ
أ
һνʵʵһ£Σͷδְæֵһ£һ¾ܽ˳Ρ
˿ͬڵһݺݵȥ漸ֻҵѪɣֱײͣ
汻ҳӵУһѪǰԼֱǴʧߣ˭뵽޶ĽսȻ˱̬ҶԷԪ弶ʵԼھն׷ɱֱһɣһԪļӦʱ䶼ûС
һʱ䣬дٶƻȻôǿʵΪʲô㵽Ⱥﲻ
Ϊδְæֵ˾󲿷ֳȻˣ̫ء˿̧ͷһȡһ֮ȭ
ͬʱһһѧͽҲضԪĽߣһ֮ڱض޷ٽս
ҪԪȾ͸ߣﵽԪ߲㣬ټлָԪĶƷȪᾧ
ֻҪָ׸ǴСһ飬ͿԿٽԪָ
е޶˿·ӸոյĹ㣬ĿǸԪļĵӦѾˡ
ʱ򣬿ͻȻ֮ȭ޶һûֱӱУһӿбֱӺ䵽棬Ǳ뵽һ޿ӵС
ܸоó޶ûҲҼˣոһʣţҲûмڣк֡
̷޶µһΧȻߵϺиӳԱ򣬶һöСĢ
Уɫ粻ϴ󣬴ࡢڵΧķԪĴھӵԶЩ˺ŵĻĹһȷѪꡣ
Աڽӵ֪ͨڵķȥһԣʿϹɫΧķ
ԺɫٶȣֻƬ̾͵ĿϿգõȷ֮һԱ룬ȻСĢһ߳˲š
ͬʱֲһΧȻ߿ٷ˴˵СĢıըǿɱ˰뾶ףֻҪɳ룬ķӦò̫ܵĲںɫ͹ٶȱֻ첻Ҳ赣ġ
СĢֻӣȻھ治׵ĵط
˲䣬һ۵֣촫죬ǿޱȵͬһǾ뱬ը׾ĹҲ˲䱻һɽŰĳ˺Ƭ
Ļҳܣʱ򣬲ſԿڱըģһСĢơ
ǿȻ࣬赲ѣȴǿԽĵ˺顣
ڱըʱѾɳ׷Χ֮⣬ˣҲɸܵǿޱȵĳԪļ۷ʵȻҲһƳȥϰԶ
Ԫ弶ĸҲּܷĹֻдﵽԪǸ߼ĸ֣ͷųּĹǿҵĳʹص𶯣ͻȻͨһ¡
࣬һҪ˻ȥ
࣬Լ


һʮ 
ɫ͹ʿҲ˹ȻǼʱ뿪˱ը뾶ûд󰭣ɫϵİԱ˿̿ԶĢƣϷ
̫ˣ
ɹˣǳɹˣ
٣ǸɵǸ޶ˣʨǵΣǲǾͽˣ
˵һεǾĶǣǰ˸ںɫΧＤսǺеĴӢһ𲢼սпǱĶ޷ģһĳɰܹϵʨǵİΣ⼸Աһֱڽ״̬
ոСĢը˸ԱҲˣǿĹﶼСĢĹ´Ѿ϶һˡ
һղСĢıըȻǿԪĹҲиָ˼޶һͷܴĹϾܿϰսĿֲֶΣδزֱܴըдһ仰ֱһͷˮǰ˸Ա˸˶ǻָ֮ǰ侲
˵ҲǸԪ弶޶ּıը֮²ܴϾһöСĢǾԪģԪɱҲǼΪǿӸղűըγɵĳ˺Ϳ֪øԱΪʹ˽ˡ
κ²һһһǸ޶ûأ
㣬ǰըĲ̽һ£޶ûУԷãһ˰ˣûУҪԷɱ۸ʲôۡ
ĻԱҲһʼ˷ܵлָȷǱҪȷĿΪĿ겻ͨһʧܣô൱صġ
ȥȷϰɣʵ˵꣬׼Ա̵٣Ҳһȥǵ񣬶ңΪ˵ҲԲóһȥðգ
һ㶣˿ɫᶨĸԱ˸ԱʵΣգǺԱǰ˸˰æԼҲһЩͷͬ⡣
ȻǼȻƺԼΪ٣ôԼҪܱǰȫһҲûҪһ˷ɳҲ˺ɫ磬ʿûջأеˣԵһʱǰȥǣơ
ܿ죬ɫͰӷɻ˱ըģʿǷԱ߻
ըǿĳѾͷųȥϳһ뾶ʮ׵ԲΰӣӲʯ鶼ٻڱըĵʣ˲Ҷһ㡣
ʵҲˣŨ֮£ըΧɸɾûκʬ壬Ĺȫֻڰ֮⣬ŻǵĹк֡
Ա̨Ԫ̽ϵ̽⣬ΪܼȺֶֻܵͣΡȻˣԻᱻͼܺĿĥ˶ʵﵽԪϵľӢȻҲЩܣܼȥ
̳üͷ壬ҲԼ֮ǰõΧڱը˲ͱˣҲ˵޶Ӧǳеıը
һ˿ס
ʱһֳ̽ĸԱͻȻ֡
٣ǰԪǿԱ¶ŵɫ
ͻȻ·ŨУȻӰΪٶ̫죬̼ͻкɫһԵĹʿ
ʿãȻ£ȴǲ󰭣ýʿǹǲϵֶιֻҪǸһĹ
ɫ磬ǱǶ̴壬Աոֳ̽˵Ǹ˲䱻ĳ̴ֶ壬һ˫ֵ۾ء
ѪȾ˵档
ˣոջ˵һˣôˣͻȻԼûзӦ
⼸ԱҲĿɿڴ
ӦĿ죬˲ͺеϮ򣬿ƺɫ
˵꣬򿪲ţֱӷ
ʿһ¸ȥ֪ոյĹ϶ĸ޶û뵽ԷȻûһ̶ֳȵĹ
ϻһɫĹǴְ̣ղŴ漤ģֹǴֱ̣ȺϽҪӲ
ʱ򣬵ڶɫǴ̴̼߶δǰתԼĺɫǴȫ
ò˵ҲδֹֺܺɫǴ࿹⣬һ̣Ũ̵С
һӰԼٶѧˣֱӴ߶δֳ˹ȥصһϴһ޴𶯣ԷҲˡ
ʱѾ壬ԼĺȻǸ޶Ļûץһ͹Źֵĳǳȥû˿𻵣˫ը٣飬Ѫģ˿ɼǡԿıмĹǴȵⳬһߣǱһǿͬǿһ㣬ֱӻ
ԭˣ֪ɫǴôˣ̴߶δֻɣͬʱùʿһΧԷ
߶ֵͬʱϵ˦󿨣ҪһĿҲˣԱ뾫ϸ㣬ʱǿҪģϾ޶ȥѾǿ֮ĩΨһҪСĵǶԷĺɫǴԼһѽ
ʣһСĢըûн𻵣Ȼһѱʺھ󽣻Ҫܶھ󽣶Ǳһѳġ
Ψһ֮Կľδ֣ⶫĻҪֱ֪ʡһѺھ
ǱʿΧǿҵΣУ޶ʱһηһֹŹֵХС
һˣȻǴ޶ͷϷģΧĺУһ֪޶ڽаˡ
ڵҪܶԷֻʱ⣬öԷĹͲͬˡ
һ֣ôҪɱ޶ϼѡ
ʱ޶ͻȻ˫ŶأһŨҵԪɢ׷ΧڵĵȻðʯ̣һЩ̴壬ˣȺʯ̲һƤѪֱǱ߹ʿҲ˵һЩش̴̴壬ʱá
ˣû뵽޶ȻֶΣֱǽԼһֱӽת
ٿ޶˿ѾһԾ˹ƾҪնɱ
ڹϣ޶ͻȻʲôε۾¶һ˿ɻһ˿ãһ˿֡
ĶͣƬ̣ץסɲǼĻᣬ߶δɨΧ赲ĵشֱ̣Ӵ̴޶塣
ˣδϵݻ˺ҧһڣ޶ͱ˺ķѡһ˶ԴµµĽűߡ
ֻϸһŷ֣ĶԴһŹֵĹݣһֱǴ޶ԴϣΪ޶ͷǡ
һ̣һ紵ǹŹֵĹϣʹ˸ƵĹŹڡ


һʮһ 䶨
ݱ紵죬һ㶣֮ǰƵ޶ͨƹս
ΧĺԽԽԿӰ
Ѿһ²⣬һֽǸݼⶫֺܳȥһּΪĹʣȴ֪ʲôͷƳɵģȻɣ˹ģˡ
ѾвѺۣһЩطҲĺۼӦ֮ǰСĢըˡ
һϸоʱ򣬴һͷ׵컯ˡ
컯˫վ֫зצӣһ˫ɫͫ
һͷԪͷˣûж֣Ϊ컯˵ԪϣӦ˿ĵ⡣Ȼ컯˿ϸ˿ûйҲûٶһܿ
Ĺ֣֮ǰǱ޶ٻģ޶ѾͬûĹǰ㿪ʼձ¡
Щﶼûнƺǽǵġͬ࡯
֣ȷã˵ŲӦó֮ΪݣݸΪʡ
ΪܿƹȺģ
ⲻҲ²⣬֤ݵģϸһ£ÿһ޶ҪʹȺֹᷢŹֵɣһʼΪǶԷ˻ڿǣݣҲ˵ԿȺҲ
ҲЩԼĲ²ȷô˿ӵݵԼҲܿȺˣ
оһ£ҵݵһףȻﴵһ
ˣ
һɶһڴĿΧȺֻʧǣֻ΢һǸжû
а˼ΣˣȻԿҰޣ϶ضضſԣȻҲп𣬵Ƿȱֽ׶ҪȺԸˡ
Լɱ޶
һöȻҪ޶Ĳʬò˵δֵƻǳɹۣ޶֫룬ֻǼ򵥿һۣͽĿƵ˼һѽϡ
һѳ޶һѣһμսԷһѽһ¾ն˺ھ󽣣Ƶһ﷭ڱըҲû𻵣һѺý
û˺ھ󽣣պÿһѽ
𳤽ɺɣһߣӽе͹ĿͷͣͷۿԿһ˿˿ԪΡгߴ磬ײխ͸һɽ󣬸Ǿ͸ˮ
ץŻ˼£ĵ˵ͷһѽҪȺھˣҹӲȣȻûо²⣬ٴﵽ7ϣԪҲǸߵĿ¡
һԪԽߣôܳصԪԽ󣬴˿עһɻԪȥϾȻȼһâ
öǺö˿Ҳǲɵ̾һѽŲô֣ƾԼĽԺһԪ弶ˡ
֮⣬һѽһõջ
ԭ޶ټȺ˿ҲǰձܸɢЩʼɱֳҰѱıԡ
ʿ߶һɶƺɫڿǧ׸߶ȣҲǼæȥ
غɫڣսʿֻʣĶԱʬ徲ڵϣɽ·
޶ˣΣˣŵʬ壬̾˿˵
һΣû˻Ϊʤǽǰϡ
ɫ˿̿ٵķʨǣʱĴƬȺ˿ҲǷ·ʧȥԼһ㣬ʼɢʨΧĹкܶ࣬Ϊû޶ĿƣʼܵĹΧһС
ͬҰ֮ԼҲභԼܵʨǱҲ׻⣬ֻҪһʱ䣬Ⱥͻɢ
ȻίԱʨ˵Ĺһǰȥɱָӹ٣ôʨǳƽ˭赲Ľ֡
һʱʨǣѾﵽ˶㡣
ҲһϹٳ̳һɷ磬ίԱһƾΪʨǵĵһίԱͬʱʨǵȨҲȡѡٺƸƣϣ£ҲǳװγʨǸٹ̵һ
ŰģʽչȥʨδȻԽԽǿ
Ϊǵʨߵ鶼ȫȨһ¼˺ܶࡣ
кɫڣ˺̵ܶʱ͸ϻǣ˿ǣߵȺҲɢˣټ˷Լûܵʲôʧ
ǺʨǲͬǳȨҲҪ٣Ҫ˵һЩ˶ʶ࣬ҳ϶ȻĻôһһ˹ǣһ㣬ûһ˸һȨ
ǴɨսǻʨǣĹʬ嶼һΪֲ֣丯ã鷳缲Ⱦˮ
£ϼͶֱһ飬ǾǰռϵĲϣһЩʳõĹҲԽֽ⣬ʳ棬ȻǰǱ뽫Ӧʬ崦
ϰһԱҪЩʬ˵׾ˣͨ˵ʬ壬Ǿһɽ
ȻЩ飬ͲҪĵˣΪļÿԪʵĵķǳ뿪֮ǰΪ񾭽ûиоһЩŲסˣǻصϢ
Ȼкܶûн֪Լۿˣôʲô¶ҪˡϢʱоһһεսƷݺһѽ
ȷԼڸ޷߶Ұޣ˵޶ԿưȺս
öҪһѽԽԽϲǰһѽʲô֪¼ȻĶǾȻǴ޶ȡģôͽ޽
һָ֮ҲָȻû˹вһжճ
˵黹ûꡣ
峿ʱ֣Ϣ춯Ų𣬾֪˽ֻѾԪļ۷壬Ŀ񣬹ǿӽŲͿжϳ˭ԣû۾ڴϡ
ܿ죬һӰèһ߹˿˿ϵΪ˯̾Ϣһ
֪㲻ڵʱҺܵ㣬Ҳ㣡ϼֻԼ˵ǸͣûȴûĽ


һʮ ǰ
ϼȻ֪һǺʨ֮Σ϶ǽƣĹģ϶öԷϢһ
ӣϼʳŵϣȻߣӣϾ顣
ЩŵʱҲʣһʮ֪Ǹʲôϵǣһ֪㲻ͨѣ֮ĽӴܸܵöĹģŮ˵ֱһҲϲ㡣֪ʱˣڲǾ磬ˣԺߵŮһٲˡ
˵ϼϷһ˿֮ɫܿ·һ˿ᶨҲںֻҪﻹҾ㹻ˣϼҲһŬٲϺȣһǺܻһڹ˾ʱ⣬һҹɭӡ
ƺ˻䣬ϼ·˻ɫ
ЩڶҲЩжõ±һ⣬ȷҲкøУ˵Ҫûôϼ˵ϼһϲˣ˾˺ܶ࣬˵εˣ˿ϼԼ˯ʱ͵͵¶ʱһ˿жϼһ䡮ҲںֻҪҾ㹻ˣԼǲʲô
ֻܿͨˣ磬ûκûеµߣܶɲʲôǶʲô´˭˵˭ֻںֻҪľͺá
ȻǾṼϼͬǱҲḺ𣬼Ȼˣʲôɷյģ
뵽ƺͨ˺ܶණȴ鼫ãҲװ˯ˣֱһ㵵ϼӵ뻳С
㡭㡭û˯ϼĿɿڴ˲ʱͺˣɵȻµó֮ǰװ˯뵽Լո˵ĻǶȥˡϼֲ̫¶ԸУԸ߰ĮҲ˯ʱŻô˵Լ滺һû뵽ȫˡ
Ҹոյȷ˯ˣʲôûⶺϼĶɫͨ죬һҲͲͷؿڣ۸ң
ֹ֣ƽʱɽӵϼͻȻߵʲôʱλöǲģ
ϼȻ֪Ϊʲôô˵Ҫ˵˽ˣ϶֮һո˵ЩʵҲֻû뵽ˣһ˿ңȵ˵ղǷŸоһۡ
ʱƺκηնɢ§˵ֻҪһ仰㹻ˡ
ӵãоǱپöۣϼƺʲôˣǸݵС˻ȥأȥź
һ㶣ҲͻȻ𣬿ЦһԼһ㽫ˣ߳ûκϢ֮ǰΪǺʨǵΣûзӷȥǱҪȥûˡ
ȻҲˣϼҲܹãԲŻԼŮվŮˣ֮໹ǡСˡص㡣
Ȼһ㣬߳ǣѾһЩʶϸιΧǵΣǾҪ̶ȥû
һרµĵط塢󡢶Ʒɵ˶ټ˹Ҫѯһ¹߳ǵΪټ˺ܿȫ룬лмס
ҶϺݹ϶ǵģΪ¹ãȻһһż
֮⣬³ʦ͸³ʦơ
֮ǰطǷأʱŻƻū֮ͣǰѾȨʱ³ʦרųĵ̣ʨҲʢǳ³ʦ֣֮һ͸Ǵ˺ܿɹ۵Ԫ롣
ɫƷʵ֪Էһͱƴ˵ֻרעڶ죬ΪԼǣ³ʦһж죬³ʦҲһ˼ж켼յˣƽҲǺܷģ˵ڲõĽͿԴδйĳͻס
˶֮Ϳʼѯ߳ǵ
˵ɣ鱨ռзȨˣʱ˵ǵ鱨ռֵģȻʺϷԡ
ڼǰ߳ͻȻڶϲٹңߣ˿ڴﵽʮӵĿƼʵǵĳǽǵҴûмģ˵ǵʿֻоװľʽǹеͿƬ߳ǵˣʹõĶǿԪ۸Ԫ߳ǵҪ˵ܹ󣬵ȷû˵һǸȫȴûнﰴչ涨ʱ͹϶ΪǵֵסĽʡһʣˣ߳ǵһˣЩһʮ̰ҪԪҪǸԴһΣʨǱߣӦҲ߳ǺݺݵĿһѣ
߳ǵҪ˵ӣڶǿԼϾǱģʨǣҲƾ˵һίԱ˵ҲˣȻҪܡ
أʵ仰ʣһͽҶϺݹҲʵġ
ʨԺҪǽѰ䵥ҴߣǼǣ⻹ĽǢǶóúŬҲ棬߳ǵĽҪΪԷԼΪΣ֮ǰ˹ȥ˵Ǿʹʧȥϵʵ˵ϽȻóúĹϵ˵ʵһǺģ֪һϼһãƯû˵һرŮˣҲ֪ô쵽ġ
꣬Ȼףÿ϶߳ǳˣֻǾֻȥ߳ǲ֪
ȻǴһˣǾͽԼļƻ˳
ôҶҪȥŮ׵ıҪеΣݹʱһᶨ˵
Ҳȥúͬã£һѪϴǸʲô߳ǣҶϺ˿Ҳһ˵ϾһѧͽȻĿǰֻһֻһ㣬ӵбǿöĹˡ
ʱһͷβȥǻܷ
ǱϼȻҲȥ֪߻Ҫߵĺܶ鶼ҪֻǿһۣǵǲҪرģǴȥģ߳ǵЩ˾ǵٴҲҽΣ򣬾ǵֱӳͻǰϣôɵ룬϶ԭ򣬵һǶʾһβҪȥҪ󣬴ĵȥҪ֪߳ǻǷһ磬һͺһ𣬴Ľӣһȥ߳һˡ


һʮ ɵϮ
Ǻʨǲͬʨʵ˺;ƵȨԹίԱΪ߹Ȼһһ£ǲǣϼǿҪǲȡԳΪȨĵȨȼ
Ҳ˵ǣǾжרȨκ˶ڳ֮ϣַ⽨ƶȣ˵кܶȱ㣬ȻϼĺƶǸʱԵģڵʱƶȸʺϣҲЧʡ
ˣǣרΪ䱸Ľ
齨ҲϼǽĽ̹٣ıˣǴӴߵоϸѡģʵǿ䱸ͬķװ׺Ƭ
˵ҲΪһϼóһǰȻǾİŵġ
棬ûܿϼ뷨ΨˣһǶ壬һݹ
˴˿Ҳǰϼޱȡ
ýͬһǰ߳ǣڸһƣΪܶԭ򣬲һֱǣ˵ʵȨ˶ҳ϶ϼͶ壬ǶƷɶȲϣһʼǣ߳˵һȻϼ⣬Ҫ˳ı
һǰ߳ǣΪʲô
Ϊ߳ǷǵװΪ˾Ȼؿܱã£ǴŴǿĳһơʿҳ϶ȶһ̨ס
˵ĺãʱ򣬼ǶͶƷɵǵԪϼҪ췴ҲԲܳɹ
ΪϼһУΪ˽ӡ
Ů˰ټʵԺ϶ǷɻڴˣܻΪվȨˣݹʱҲǰипֻ˵˿̸ĵǣβҵԼŮ
ϼ飬Ҳûж룬ʵҲܲµϼһЩ˼ΪϼԵһ˦ƹͿԽ޴󲿷עŵʵϡ
ò˵֮ϼѾΪһ棬ҲǶ尵Ľԭ֮һ
üƻûе飬̶һСʱ֮ǵĳڴѾۼĳԱȻǾѵսʿеĳԱԪϼΪ˼ǿĻȫ䱸ˡѸޡ
Ѹһֶսǿȴرǿʮ㣬ͺһһԳʱ䱣ȫܣʺϵΪŪֻѶ޲Ҽѱϼǻ˲پʹۣԪǲ
һۿЩѸޣ³ʦƵĿ׺ΪԼˡ
ʲôʱǾȻôһ֧ǿľӣ
˿̣̹ټָӹٴ˿ΪվǰѵǵıǱΧʱϼûͬһ֧սⲻǵսǿ෴ͬʱϰֻԪһ֧Ӷǵսʽȫɱ
˭ľӣ˿һͷ׵Ѷϣһ߻߶һߴ
ǳľӣʿ졣
ô˭ʡ
ʿ˵
ЩʿõǾԵҳһʱҲЩпϼȷǰԼ̫ࡣ
ڣǰ߳ǣҪԭǵĶǵˣ𣿡
£شͬ
ôǻʲô˵꣬Ǵͷ߳޽ĴţǺƺƵĳںɫʿüȳݵ۹⣬ͷɹĺɫ硣
һĻе˶ˣȻ˶ĳȣôһ֧ǿΪǵһԱеԺǿĺɫǼѡ
ôģ
սĻҪϵٹ߳ǣҹ̣ҲҪһһҹϾ·ϻһЩΣգȻǰǰкɫڣϵν߳ҲֻƬ֮䡣
Ҫȥ̽һԼûغϵʱ䣬ŴҶϺݹȫǰ
ɫʱһ⣬
߳ʮһƬ򣬺ɫͣΧΪѾ֪߳ǵĿƼǳߣͽ˾ʱ״Ԥϵͳټѱᱻ֡
һʼЩ鱨ʱҲЩţǶĵı֤߳ǾԲһͨľۼأӵеĿƼԽ˾˰ǸȽĹҡ
ˣЩΪȻ
ϾѾԪļ۷壬ֶοɱԪ弶ĴڣԪʥõѧͽݣЩ߳ǲܱġ
̬ȻӶ֣жϣûԴھ߳ǶʮﷶΧĵطͣ룬ȴȡһſƬ
¸£
һֻ·ﱻٻһֻӵзֻսȴǺһ㣬֮ǰӵɻū͡
һ£ū͵ʹüֵߣǵĳ꣬һΣһ߳ǵνǲͬ˵ô
߳ǶʮڣǵķΧ֮ڣ֮ǰҲע⵽һƬȻûһֻڡ
ǿУǵҲһͬһⱾЩͬѰ
֮¿ٷ߳Ƿȥ
ҶС㣬壬ǰȥ̽̽ںɫȥ˵꣬߶߿ٸȥ
ʱҶϺݹҲ֪һҪСģҲû˵ʲô
ٶȲ죬ڿȴ൱ԣǽƣźԶͿԿΪߣӵбĻԣ磬ھ׵ĸ߶ȿ١־õķУԴ˿·
ǰһңͻȻ֮䣬ϵһ˿Σգٿǰ澹Ȼǳһðβ̿ٷĶٶȼֱ쵽¡
ǰеﻹûӦͱǸУбһŻ⣬𵴵Ԫ·֮ɽģĲ֫塣
ɵʱոǶʲôˣһöȥǷǳȽҾԪķյ
ֻһͽɱ
ǵǴʲôطģȻ˷ĿԲŷôһö
һ̣ƤһΪԼ淽ҲɹһöԼ

һ̼ӿٶȣͬʱȡ޽
ߵٶȲȻȲǸٶȣȻƽϵͳҲǵõ˼ǿ
Ҳ㲻Ϊǵٶ̫죬ֻԪӽնһ½


һʮ ɭʿ
뽣ɳʮ֮նڵϣ˱ը
оǰ·һ޴Լһ£ȥ
ǵըĳԪҲ䵽ϣҲˣȻԷӵзǳǿֶ̽ΣڿзɣǾǻӡ
ֻǵϣҲûôȫ
һأͿΧÿʮ׵ĵطһŹֵǰطͻȻţ
ɻеɣֱۺͼ϶кڶǹܣһ˫۾͸һɺ⣬Ȼˣǿʼ
飡
ǹӵγɼĻ׽ڡ
һľߣ϶ֱӸˣֱֻʮΧһȦػǹɨ仹Ҫͣӳ죬˦󿨣һպÿԽԼǷ
ĿѾ޽ӽ󣬷ԪļĹﶼ׻ƣͲ˵˵ӵˡ
˵ЩӵǴھҼӳԪɱǴڷϣֻܽһҫ۵Ļѡ
һ̣׷Ӷ޽˾ͳһѷ
еһжգֱӣ˵ֶҪԸʵЩҲ߳ǵʵ
˵û߳ǵĿƼȻǿףΧΪʲôûйֻҪ߳ǵĹһʱ䱻ɱˣŵðĻ˲к赲ңǾ̫Цˣ
˵꣬ЦһȡһòõĿƬ
أ
ﵽԪɭǰ
Ȼ״̽Ҳ̽ͻˣҾʹӵߣĪ߳ǵ˻ٵ°ʲôɣ˵һ֣޴ɭͬˮһ㣬ڵڳһӣݵض룬ǽ
ͬʱʮ߳ĳһһ𷢱۵Ůż̨Ϣ¶˾֮ɫæһԵĵ绰һ롣
ѲԱ705ţոǵ״̽⵽δ֪Ŀ뵽߳ǶϷʮ˹򣬷ϵͳѾյĿǰһĿѱ䣬һ֪ʲô˷յĹ֮͵ս104105ŷսµõϢǣǵĻ˱٣Ŀ䲻Ůʵ˵Щϵͳķ
绰һͷҲЩԾ
ⲻܣڵϣǲ˳ٸսˣֻ֣Ҳս˵Ķ֣˵ǵĵɱԪѲԱ705ţȷϢʵ𣿡
Ůæ٣ȷɣĿûоĴսˣǵ״Ҳûκη֣룬ĿӦվԭûƶŶԡ
˵û˹ȥ鿴ҪʱҰȺĶǺʨǱߵȺ춯ȻǺԶҲܵģһȺֵļϱ
ǣ٣Ů˵½绰źãȻ󰴶һť
Ӻһ̨Źֵķ֮ǰͻ˼սĵط£߰ȫװʿ
ЩʿϴһŹֵףԽȫڣһʿ󿴵˵ս˵ĲкͬʱҲ˵ϵĴ󶴣ǽϱȥ
˿̵ѾǸɭ棬һڡ
ڼ䣬ɭ滹ڴϽְŵȻֺϽְǳ񣬶ӲȼǿɭҲͻơ
ڣͲͬˣ޽ޱȣкϽͬжһףǿһѷޱȵ޽ɭܵط
ɭ¿´һҡ
֮ǰɭǰķߺ߹ľ룬Ӧþ߳Ѿ൱ˣԼѾ뵽߳ڡΧֺϽְ壬ȻΪ赲׼ģӲ˵עذȫԡ
߳ڣôӦںҪĵط
аƽ׼ѷϣкܶǰһţȥһǱϵģӶ˵ûһ
޽һһӾͱƻˣ˳ȥ
棬һȣͷ̨ףϵ档
ȻҲһЩ䣬˿еķкܶ˵İƷкܶԪ
ЩûȤߵͷ¥ݡ
¥״ԼĪʮףһصĽţʣһ򿪣ȵŵһˣȴǿһʵҵĵططܴһ򳡰СڷŸָע⵽ЩʹõʹԪṩԴ
ĵҲһ
һطڷһ˵ĲԿ˺֮ǰֻ̫һ˸ˣĽϣԪ棬ע⵽˵ĲУһƳɵĿۣ˳ʮԪ
Щͷһ֮ǰô͵ĻˣȻҲԪṩԴģ
ʵ̫ˣ˵һΰķ
֪Щˣ϶ǳʵңʵҵ˽Ƴġ
ʱһŲ˦󿨣һ俨󣬽Լ
֮󣬶ķűƿ߽һͷ׷ͷͷԲ֣ŷްˣӺܸߣһ۾Ű״ӣڴﻹװһЩСӺͱʡ
󣬾Ͳͣ
ĻƤ֣ܴ漣þͬʱȡϰԪԪЩǿúãȫԽǰܶ붼ʵ̫ˣ´ҵһһٺõģǲϰңҸϲǵʳĹȣˣ
һ˵ͷһ߲
ʱע⵽ͷؿڹһȻ׿֡
ɭʿ߳ļԱ
ӢдģСܹڽѬգҪûκ⣬Сϳ֣һƬԼһΧʿ߱־
룬Ȼȥ俨Ϣߵɭʿ߳ǣҪرӦǺʨǵװҪҵãڴ֮ǰѯһɭʿӵôһʵңӦ֪Ŷԡ
Ȼȡ˺ʹߴϣ֮ҪԼĽ߳潻棬òҪ¶ݡ
ɭʿһоվʮӣһﶼûһ˿ΪΣóɭʿѾǶߣرרעôʱҲӦܲԼˡ
ûʱȣȡһذףȻĶԷļ򣬵ȵͷһĻعͷʱ˻λεذףȻЩҪ㣬ʵ˵ѻĺ


һʮ 
Ѿܵϵذףɭʿɫ԰ףæһֿƣȻŵĵɱңһϣ֪̹״ӿܴϣ
˭̵ģʵǹҲûϵֻҪԷϾͺá
ʲôطֱӽ⣬ȻѾ³ʲôطǻҪȷһЩ
߳ǵʵңܼߵĵطɭʿæ˵ô˵Ȼʮֺ棬ǰôġ
ʲôˣʡ
˶ɭеϵרңԪԪ˵зɭָָԼǰƣŬ¶һЦݣֳѺá
ô˵ֳĸצӵĽģ뵽֮ǰԼˣʵ
սˣôᣬûʶһս˿϶ᱻ㾹Ȼû£ɭʿȻһţ֪ԼƵսжôͣǶøǿȻԪƳɵģӲޱȣЯھԪĹ֮⣬һһʤҲ˵һսˣԱȵһͨԪ
Ȼ֪ɭʿʲô˵սûʲôвɭʿǺԷսˣѾ൱˲ˡɭʿܵǣôԼҲӵֻ˲ˣ
뵽һ뷨ǲ»ȴһõȽϺá
㣬߳ûпʲôˣ磬һٹǵŮˣֱʵ
ֻɭĻشȴʮ⡣
ǸŮĳһȨרңпܣ
ϸһ֪߳ǾǿƽһЩѧҴȻɣȴ֤ȫ㹻ʳоƷɭʿ˵ҲǱ߳ǵˡǿơģΧֻоһƬҲ˵ʵֻоһСĵطõ飬ɭȴһãȻȻĲ֪ǹϷһܿóġ
Ȼɭʿֻ֪оͿѧˣ֪֪õ顣
ʱҲذ˻ȥɭʿûκв෴һԸ񲻴Ŀѧңֻ֪оҲǱ߳ǵǿơܡĿѧңĻ˵ʲôϵ
гкȣûʲôΣգҪĻϲоЩ㹻ˡ
֪ٺһ˼ֻ֪о˵ʲôҲ˷ʱ䣬ʱһΧ󣬽ɭʿϼСʱԼͿȥ
ʱķʱȻţͬʱһŮ
ɭʿôзǳҪҪ˵߳ǵͻȻڣ˵ҪΪʲôûȺҲûڵͬ⣬оɹˣǱȥ߳ǵĹ߽棬ڷʱŵĸһɭʿ𣿡ŮȻǳżô˼ź󣬾Ȼֱ˽һ˵ûо˵ͬôǺܲòģŽŮȻм£Ҳǹ˲ôࡣ
ֻļȵ˵֮󣬲ŷЩͷŮһۣȴ΢΢һ㶣Щ˼飬ߣȻûע⵽ı顣
ɭʿһΣָָǰߵʱŮ˲ŷӦһ㶡
ʿ˭һ˵һƶȻǴһȥȣͬʱ͵͵ȥӺȡһſƬò˵Ů˺侲ҲܴΣվʹеĴŮˡ
ľٶͿȴǻ˻ذףҶԪʵȫ壬ֻϮңܳɹ
˵ţɢһԪѹֻֻǷųһ֣ԼȥԪľһ
ԪŮüͷһ壬Ȼ֪һԪľߣҪڶʱڻɱֱ練ƣһͲغõķƬӦҲûá
ͲһſƬӳһŵƣ򲻵ȻãǰȻݣδж⣬һԪԼ˲䣬ͿԽԼû߻ɱ
ҲûĶҪҪʲôȻΪŮ˵ֱܸо˴һʼһֱڿԼ
òȻǺţ⵹޿ɺǣҪ۸ԼƴһҪ߳ǣȻʳǣǱоվǱʧȥɣĻ˵ǾǱȦһ㣬ᷳˡ
Ȼ֪Է뷨˿൱⣬Ϊ֣ŮȻʶǰһ𲢼սϵܺá
ɫɭʿһ˼ֻ֪оȻòԼҪĽֻǲ֪߳ʲôɫ֪֪õ¡
뵽˦ֶſƬϳһ俨һΧ󣬶ֻмƽ׼ķΧԽɭʿС
˵ɭʿûʲôвǶʱڣ뿪߳ȥţֻܽס
ɭʿãŮһֻһ˦֣赭д֮ɭʿһ˾ʧԪҲ˿ʣѣҪ֪⼸ǲܵģĳֶνɱΪ۳Ԫٻ
ڣûκԪͬɭʿʧ
Ȼ֪俨﷢ȴ˿Χ俨ɭʿסһǲܣҲܸһԼ˵Ļ
һֲ̣һ俨󣬽ԼͶŮס
ʱŵþòô
ŮӻûдӸղŵлعʱȻԷгԼ֣ɫһ䡣
㾿˭ô֪ҵ֣ɭʿ𣿡ʱʵͿǸߵժϵߡ
㡭㡭ʮӣŴӾ㵵ɫлعæʵһδҲЩ仯ٻǸӣȻһϳ
ֻЩţ벻
ȻѾߡ
ѷʱǰȫľСӵĳԱͬʱҲΪƼˣƼʶڣܽԭʼԪʽһξպĳɾҲܴﵽֵز
˵Ǹǿ֮·ϵһؼҵĹϵҲʮֺãֻͻΧʱ򣬺ʧȥϵ
һתһȥˣû뵽ַʽطꡣ


һʮ ȥ
˵ȻֵεģͬҲһǵһСʱΡ
кüΣΪѾˣټȻʮָˡ
ôĪҲǱǿƴģˣǰǵʱڵĵǰգڻ㣡ʱһʵȻܼҲ൱ˡ
ʱѾ³ɭʿڶǱ߳ǸܡģΪǶĳһרҵרңɭʿڻеоһǲɶõ˲ţڸ˵ǰȫƾ޵豸ͼ˻Ԫʽ˵˲ŶûҪ˵Ԫã˭ܱȵڣ
ֲ߳ǵĿƼôǿԭĴǿаЩѧңǵоɹŽ߳ǣ뵽߳ǿķ״̽ǿĶԿյϿԪսˡ
ЩƼԪ໥ײںϵĽ
һչ׳Աȼ͸ǹԪʥãڵԪ磬Ǹܱȡ
ⲻһʵ̫߳Ȼúͷչһרõȴʮ˽֪ͬΪǺʨҪȣһϿ߳ǵ߾Ͳһö
ȻأֻЩ޴ӵ֪ġ
ˣأҲ߳ǰɣʵѾ³ˣ߳ԪƼȣ⵱п϶ڵĹ͡
ڡҲˣɭʿΪ˺һ߳ǵĹ߿飬ڽϾȻûǺڵͬ⣬ǿнߣ˵Ǳȥ˱϶зԪѱйϵʱ򼤶˵
Ҳһ̽ڵ䣬֪ˣû뵽ȻǱ˴ˡ
ϸѯʣҲ֪żûãһһʮĽľαߵĶ˳
ʱ֪ȥ
ǵͻΧ֮ҲΣգߵԽԽ٣ǸʱԼһˣʱǾһС;ۼȵ˺֮û뵽һϮǸֻǧҵľۼأֱӹ˾ۼصķϵһ
һӵʿŽΪڵݣǱһܱһʱ䣬ǸʱҲʼо˭ڴ֮һ˾ȻͻϮǸ˺;սʿɱоԱǱЩ˴ߣ֮շתطŵ߳ǡ
֮еоԱڣɭʿȳٶĿѧҾͱ·һо֮ãǵĹֻһǾоƼԪںϣΪԱ߳Ƕ֮ǿޱȵġ¿Ƽ
оľɭʿڣһͻרңһԪõȨֻоһµĳɹǾԪѱһֿṩԴĶһԪѱ֧һ˾ۼصһԴʱԴѾѷãϾֹܲе翪췢糧ɣǿԴԴԪѱǿԸıԪ̵ֺĶ
ҲΪԭ߳ǲžںоɹһ͵˰ıǸط߳ǵĴӪ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ֪ڵ䣬ô϶ǲܲܣ˵ںĹϵǵʦ˵ˣҲǱҪᵽ˲š
磬಻ҪԼͬྺЩ壬ֿԼ׳ʵ˲ţһҪȡֵģɭʿԱԼֻҪṩõǻ֪Ҫ߳ǿһ򱶡
ֻҪӳ飬ڱߣ˵ѾĸСʱ˵߳רŵĴͷҲɭʿһֿģרԪ棬ԼӳԪȶԣƶԭټķ壬Ҫص˰ĸСʱҲ˵úɫҲܸϵˡ
ҼȻ첩ʿôҪôǰӾͲΪʱҪġ
ҪһһҪ̽̽߳ǵʵҪ鵽õ䡣
ƻ˵Ȼӵһ;ۼأһʨǵһίԱʱҲһǴϲ
˵ģӵһʮ˿ڵ;ۼأһʨǵĵһίԱǰ˵ʨǣһӵа˿ڵĴ;ۼذ̫ˣʮָˡ
Ըһȥ𣿡Ц
ȻԸ⣬ҺڣɭʿˣҲһˣоԱǺ㴵оԱҾͿԲ߷һ롣Ц˵뵽ڣЩȻ֮ǰ֤϶ȥڣҽԲ΢˿
б£߳˽٣У߳һûнȫҵǰҪ˵ʱȴȫʧ٣֪֪ȻҪҴš
ҡҡͷǰﲻǱܵõϢ߳ǵ˽ǵūһ
˵ͷ֪˵ûһȻûд̽õϢջ񣬶Ǵջ
ȥоԱ˵˭Ըߣ߳ǿҵˣҾͽǵоգʱҪ͵£Ҫ߳ǵ˷֣һԺһһߣԸһȻȻӦ
֮Ż֣ȫĿ
ɭʿ˿һ֣û־źͲ֪룬һϲͺ档
ղʲôƬȻγԪڣԸӾԪһֵо򰡣õУǾԿԸдʷھ磬ҿԵúüŵˣɭʿһȻҲˣóľ˿ĿҲһ˿С
Ȼֻ֪оĿѧˡ
ЦЦãԼֻҪնɭʿٷ֮ٻԼߡ
ԤϵһɭǰûһִңǸһһĶ
ʶⶫս˺һЩϵͳͲὫ㵱ˣϵı߼𣬾ǿϵͳͻ˶ṥɭʿһݴ
£ⶫǷǳҪ߳ǿǶԼˡ


һʮ 
лɭʿٵ飬˵һ̴ԭ·뿪߳һطһڳ
ͳӵٶȣͿԸϵʱ䣬̽һõ䡣
һֵλãͻ߳ڲֻǵȵðͷȴ㶣߳ǵӺ֮ǰȫһ
ӵжƼ߳ǣʩ϶ǳãҸʺϾסһ·һĵطðͷȴǿ˱ӪҪƾɵһƬﻧ
ԶǸʵĻǽǻǽȻǾʯɵģǼ˺ܶӼ̣һЩطߴ׵ĽкܶСһĶӦþ߳ǵԪ״̽
κη߳ǵĿ꣬ᱻ̽⵽ѾʶⶫǿֹսˣԪ״̽⣬Ҳ˵һԼп߳ǣҲᱻˣЩ״˵ǡΡġ
ǿƼǳǿ󣬵еʱ©ҲǷǳԣԵɺ£߳ϵͳߣκ߶ԼƵϵͳṩһЩ©ɭʿȻִоɵӣ֪ôԼ·
һõ·ϣڵסףӺ߳ǵĵϸȻǿޱȵϵͳֻܵƷʵƶ񻹲ʨƶ̹˾Ȼǲ˽ÿֻܺȦһ㱻ȦһȦʱ㣬Ͷȡʳ
뵽ǰļ
ߺͷǾҲǱǾҪ´һЩԪʯߣǳ˹֮⣬ҪÿϽһԪһÿҪϽԪţȻųɾŵ˶һߣ߳ǵĹȻõϣеһЩߣҲ֮߳ǰطץǶߵˡ
ûɣ˽ؿƬ߳ǹߵܱ޷صֱӴ
֪֮ЩΪպÿ˼ڵ̣ܵΧȫΧ۵ˣ˵⼸ϴ͵͵ӳȥץڳͷΪľǾʾˡ
ܶϢΧ˽ﵱģЩУйڵˣҲˣֺܶ࣬߳ǹǱߣͳһװǴſԷȫĽףʽȫǵͬһףʽʽǻס
óǵȷǴжװõĶװףǳȽӦҲǳɭʿ֮֡
̹̺Ѫȣ˲ҽûһ˸ҳֹȵ̽͵͵ǼŶװ׵ľߡ
һƫƧĽ䣬ͻȻѣȻֽŶװ׵ľߴڵأϵĶװȻȽӲǶûһ˿ֿ˦ֶʮ󿨣һ俨˲䣬ڵ⼸˶ʧ١
ʮӺ߳俨ֲһΧ󣬲ƾɵ·뿪
ΪѾ̽ҪϢոߵУһ߳ǵĵλ֪ͣһЩҪϢойõġ
Ǹ²ĻǰȷһŶǰҪ߳Ƿʣֻ֮󣬾ͱ߳ǵĳ
оãȻץ²֪ΪʲôҪԷϾ˵ǲôģһĴ;ۼ˭Һ߳⣿˭߳ǳ
Ǹƫƫôˣ߳߳٣ӵоԴȨȻһЩΪЩ˵ǲϹأҲû˭ص˼
ڶԷΪʲôôûȤ֪˿õľλú󣬾̸
⵱Ҫһ䱸ɭϵľĶ֮ǰսˣ֮ǰҪﻹҪһЩ򣬵ɭʿ֮ʶֱӴ߹ҪЩ˹Լ
ЩŶװ׵ľ֮⣬ûзʲô
ܿ죬͵һﵱУõ˵ĵط
˴ĳһ󷿼ڣ˦֣ո͹һЩʳﶪڵϣȻѾߣԪ죬컨ǽڣٵذ嶼ˣƿȥܡ
֮⣬ﻹɢһԪѹڵԪʵֻܷԪߵʵһǲܳȥ
ȴǸּҾƷһӦȫҶָߵÿ챻򷭵ʳǾޱȡ
ȥߴأҲܽͷҺϾͬѧһĪҪŪʰſϰݣʱ˵ļʱˮδ˵ԶˣĴ̶Ƕ˿ޱȣûһ£ͽɽ亣ζҲһڲԣǲǷԷκζ
Ͳ͵̾˿ֻ뿪ÿ˭ϰˡ
֪Է뿪Ҳ±Ŀ⼸ȻC˺ܶ࣬ɫҲЩ԰ףһЩҪֵģѧʱڹѧǸʱͬѧĳŵļ̳ߵʱ׹Ǹʱþܾˡ
ǰʱ䣬Ϊ߳ǳĴһñףõĻشһǰһһ˵ˡ
ʱ򣬴¶ǿһıԣû˹ҡɵȶƣֱӽÿ£ҪԼķʽԳֹǺսʤǿǿҪĸԸ󰮣תΪˣԸЩƫĴأǺʨͻΧΪ˵ѾİˣȻûָ˭ض϶ǵУԮãνһʱ޼ҿɹþֻܸ
Ǵص̣ΪһŮˣҲһֶѣ;ۼֲֻôҴؼĸڱѾż򼶵Ĵ;ۼأһƬ½ϵ٣ֺʲôϵ
վҲȥһʵɳʱһˣȻúͶԷദʱ䲢ǸӰȴͬӡһ㣬ӡ϶ϲߡ
һĲ࣬ʧȥͯǳӣһʼֻܿǸˣֻǵ侲֪֮ԼϲǸˡ
ԸͣȻϲһˣǾ϶ı䣬һǸ˵ĳҪԷ֤ԼļֵҪټԷ¼룬ԼعǸ֪֮󣬻᲻ż֪᲻᲻һԼ


һʮ 
ȻϣеǸ˵ֿԲ󣬲Ѿһִ߳֪Լֶܼãֶܼ֮ãִȥĶ
òֹһŻᷢ漣Ǹ˻ͻȻһԼ
ͬÿһŮ˶İһһӢ۾
ʱķǰüͷһ壬е룬ôˣ˵ˣȥߴأҲͬ󰮣۶ٴζشѾˡ
ֻĻû˵꣬ͿһߺĽű⴩͸пһӣصһű߿ˡ
ſڣվһˡ
ҵˣſ˿˿Ŷһ·ҵõⷿ˽
ⶰȻɭϣǶ˵ЩֶλЩ˵ʶĶɭʿƳ̽ϵͳͻ˸ֺᷢ͹
ôˣſֳֳͬоһ
ˣ˲ʱ䣬þͱһɾ޴ҸûиͬС¹ײһ㣬¼ìܵԼԼҪʲô
ֻ֪Ů˵˼û£Ҳ˿ֿɫ԰ףӱǰ˲٣ȡһѪľҺȥ
˵ʵöһСΣ뵽ѾԼŮˣҲǺƤʼ꺮ůȷû֮󣬲Ž䡣
Ҫ̴뿪˿ɫѰߺɭʿʶԺ뿪⼸ǱԱҲûһԾȳȥⲻˣҪ֪߳ǵ˻û꣬˿ԼˣǷװɲô˶Է
ñӵڻȻһѾɵ˿УŽԶȥ߳ǣûΡ
Сģ߳ǵԪ״ʮһ֣̻ᱻüæѣϵĹǳġ
ģ߳ǵ״̽ⲻңһ˵һ߻˻ϵʶͬʱ֮ǰ߳оľ˳úҲδЩΣҲƤĶȻδ֮ʮˣȴޱȣһҩʹ£Ƶ飬߳оһξҲǱ˺ģʼȥǽ֮ǰһСˡ
󣬶ѯʣȻ˵ĹϵҲת˺ܶࡣ
֪УѾɳ߳Ƕʮ֮⣬ͨԪӦɫڡ
ȻɵĺʮľȻǻ˰Сʱڼ䣬Լ¾ǵ齲˳ҶϺݹ
ҶϺΪĳаʶռ壬һֱѹͷĵǻ⿪ˡ
ҶϺߵԭҵˣ˵ҶϺѾָеĴʯͷء
̫ˣллԵ˵һҶϺͬã֮ǰҶϺı仯Ѿ͸ģƺתȻ൱ˡ
ֻȵݹҲһ飬öǾͲǸмˣĸж
ûиҶϺݹҲˣҪһϲ
ҹɫ£ɫֳںɫԱߣȵЩӰ߶ҶϺݹһ£˾ͼæ˹
ÿˣҲһ㶣᲻ܿƵҪˣ˿̶־ϲͼȻǲ˵
ûв͵˾ñطϲõУʱȻҪһռ䡣
˿߶߿գԶԶ߳ǵÿУѾ֪߳ΪʲôҪסҲ֪˴ˡ
ԷҲһһʼǷǵʣ¾ǹΪ֮ĿĹҪùȥȻԷɹˣԼǸҲӳ죬ҪǴصóѣʱŽ˷۱
ֶ֣ȻӣŹȻǾȻˣ黹ûꡣһ𱻿µԱûоȻ֮ǰǷǺʨǵҲûҪһ˲ŸոҪ㡣
ѾһЩƻȻ߳ǲȣôҲԼǽˣЩʺҪҪɭʿȫߡ
ڣһǳҪˣһԪ֪ϵʦ˵ڱļֵ˵Ĺϵܲܣ磬Ҫϵ˰ڽӻ
ҹҰ￪ʼԾֻ߳ΧȴǹĽأκν뵽һĹܵϲսɱˣҰ⣬ﶼһôЩս˵Ķ֣
ЩΪ۲Ķǣʨ䱸ַôʱգԼǾԻΪһɶ˸Ⱦָ
˿߳ҲһƬң֮ǰս˵ĵ˻ûҵֱ˾ߣǺ۸ϵ˹õǸѾһ˵ķǱס
һװŵʵϷǳƫִͲһһˣΪֻҪϵĶǾһġ
֮ͬǰӴ˰ﶫ½߳ǣҪ̲ռһƬھǾȾָεĵطػϲŮˣżѧʱ׹ɹúƫִչ¶ţ˿̵ñǰƯôزǿҵݵռ
ռŮˣ壬ģչ¶ʵĲƸֻҪʱһöȻᱻ򶯣ԹԵĳΪŮˡ
ʵȴǣñ˾ˡ
ңҲҪҽҳȥǿºǸƳйϵҲǸǱһؽرͬʱԴΪû˭ֵܵԼµľӪеѾԻһңս˾֮࣬Ҫһ;ۼأӦòѴ֮
賿ʱ֣ĳϵˣȻ;棬սʿûһչ¶ƣ̬ǿµѶޣҲһ綦
Ϣոոշһ˿ǰ׵ʱҲһֻ޴ĳźڰëľѸޣһ߳Ƿ
һͷ͵ѶϵҲϼרŸ׼ģǳȨʵã٣ǰһ
ͨͨѶʽ֪߳Ƿ棬֮ʽ棬ȻҪ̬ͬҸ⽻һ


һʮ Ҿײ
ԼϵŮ˱֪ĴߣһԸĴ˵ֱǳƣλһͷ𷢣ʽԷʿĴޱȷŭ
˵ǵĳȻʱˣһ㶡
زɵϣܶʱڽӴ߳ǣҷչĿƼˮƽͳ˵
ǵĳʱͻȻȻɺϡ
ȣΧǵǣӦнΣĶпԼ⣬ñ˾ߣ᲻ǵĳйϵ֮⣬ʹ̽νĳǳأ˵ʱ䶼ǣʵʵȨһͷһϼŮˡ
ǸϼҲȾָͷͷȻõĶ࣬ȻκλᣬҪԷռС
ôһĻ᲻ϼϾǸνǳδػˣпѾֻһЩͻΧҴߡȻҲһֿܣǾǺԼ֮ǰǷһװйأѹûһ
תһ룬ðһͷʱΧսȫȥԷֻ·͡˭ս˵⡮չˡ¶ľȸһ˵
ֱ´ȥ˿̣ھ߳ϵѶޣսʿǰнʱΧصһһֻֻǼܹɵսˡ
֪Щս˵˿̼æȴǰڰֵû£ҪЩˣ߳ǵڸôסǶǵ棿
ĻڶĽսʿָ侲ܿ죬Χս˾ԽԽ࣬Ѿϰ١
е˶ʱʮܼЩս˾ԼˣʱڶǹڶԹʱ򣬼ѵص˶š
ÿսʿǰ浭糣˿ĳʱȶͬĳȻ£ǻʲô
ǳʱ治ɫ
ǻ˵ҪȻôܳΪǵ֮ҳʨǵһίԱҿҪ˶ãʨҲᲢǵС
ļٵģǿǺãвѶʨǣȥǵʱǻȰҲҪȥǶĽˣ
һδҶгǣκ鶼⡣߳ǵԪʣһǵˣһγ˵ģΪҪϧһ
Ҳ˽Ϊǰ棬ΧŻǵĻ˵˰裬ֵսʿ̧ͦͷһս˵ġ͡ǰУ·ӭӵ
Ȼ£˵ʵϵʶЩ˵ս˱ɰ衣
һ߳ǸߴĻǽͳǰ档
ǽ֮ͷܶȻԷѾ֪ǳһǰֻȴûд򿪾޴ĳţҲûӭӵ˼ֻǲڳǽϺʲôˣѾ߳ǹϽϱݣǻΪ߶ȡʩ
⻰üͷһ壬һԵǴŭ
ڶʮѾͨͨѶ֪ͨ߳Ƿ棬ǾȻװ֪ѣơ
磬˭ЦһȻµó߳Ǵʲộɲ߳ǷԽô㣬ԽˣһǵĿѧǿɾûһ㸺ˣҲҪ߳ǻʲô
һͨǽ˺ӦһֵţҪʵǵݣʵǽ
˵û˶Ȼǽ棬ҲǴ⣬Ҫɱɱǵ磬ˣصĴģԷһһҹߣֶ֮ʱٷŽȻȫѺһ£֮ǰ߳ǲҾõǲǵˣѾǵ˸ɵģҪöԷûҪǴѪһΣԷӦˣӦǾֱɳԼĲӣǸƨֱռ졣
ǴصİΪôĵʵҲܽͶ˴򽻵ķǾǲǿӲֶΣԷ϶ϥԼ
ϧ֪ȷǺаȴô˶
˲ӣͲˣ߳ǵĴҲ³ˣȻǲܸŶԷĽߣɵĵһ鷳ģԷôպøԼڡ
ɫһ֣࣬һԵ⣬̸ߺһȫע⣡
৵һ£ĿбӣֳĿ£͵
߳ǲ֮ţǾײ̽ǸôԴˣ˵
ײظһ䡣
սʿȡһſƬͬʱһ̣ٵԪħͬʱЯ޴ĳײ˶Ľϡ
䣡
һ죬ǽžȻǰȥΪʵ⣬ּԪ˾Ȼûбײ
߳ǵɵˣû뵽ԷȻҶ֣ѵǲ£ҲЦһԪģӲޱȣҪӲײ̸ס
ŰݵûƿȴһԾ£Ȼ󼸲ȥýֻһȭ˹ȥ
ҿ
һԪļʵǿȺѾǴﵽһĳ̶ȣ˵ѪҺʹǿӳԪһȭɼΪֲĳ
ټűѾݣҪǣ͵͵ʹδ֣Դֹߴţһȭ֮£ȻشʮֵĽֱӻƣɳȥʮԶ
ٽսʿǼޱȣһȭ俪ţӵжôǿܰ쵽
ĸ㣬ʿߣһͷϵѶޣͷ߽߳ǡ
Ŷ룬߳Ļػ
ͬһĶһ߳һ㣬߳һƬ˶ȡ׼߽ٽֻҪһǾ֣һ߳ǣ߳Ǵŵ˻ɱ
ڴˣ߳ǵгš
ʱһֳԪ̽߳ʿ̽һɫһ䡣
Ԫļ˾ȻԪļĸ֣
ȻϢҲǵһʱϱȥҪ֣ҲǴУҲڴű˺俪֮󣬵һʱϵ
ȫΧסһܷܣ˾͸ңҪ֪һٶѾǵˣشٴŶװ׵ʿͬʱսˣͨľսʿǴﵽǧһ˲ͽΧס


һʮ ʨӴ󿪿
֪ʵԪļҲ£߳ǵлиָȽԪļҲɱ
ǵĳôĵӣҹ£Ȼ׳һһΪԪļ˲𣬸㣬ҸɵԪļˣгʮöԽɱļ⵼Ѿ㣬ֻҪһ£Ƭ̼ͻᱻ˺飬£˵һ֣Զǽм䵽ϣȻԷ顣
Ŵؽһͨ뺣ֳǽŵ˼㣬ʵǴÿԣֻǶյӵйɵġ
ǴأŰ֮ĴأȻŤͷߵ֮ǰͶԷӴԵͷȷϡ
ȷ˶Է֮˲ʧˡ
ǧ˵ע£һ˾ôƾʧˣ˵ԤϣǴأ߻У͸оһһѷĲϣߺȻһˡ
㡭ôᡭ׻һ㣬һţԷȻգ֮׾ǰԼʮԼߣԼס
صһӦⲻܣٶûмģԪļҲٶô졣
֮⣬һôؾò˼飬ǾԼ·洩һķ߳µĿƼڵµһֵ豸ԲһֵЧӦΧһ׵ķΧڲһѼĵųκοԼ壬ӵʲô̱һųƻҲ⣬ҲΪˣȻֻԪ޼ɵĳ֣Ϊ͵Ϯ
зŻ׵ɭʿ˵ϽԪǿȴﵽԪ弶ĴڣſֵܵһɵӰ죬ԷԪļ˵ڿԼһ׷Χ֮ڣ̾ͻᱻǿĵ绡ɱɶԷƺûܵųӰ죬ô£
صЩתˣһıңһĸ߼˲ţǿѧңԺһ㣬ǾֻҪ©ֻҪ©ôҲֻǰ衣
ϵʶͷãϵĵŻʶĸ£Ͳʹˡ
ֻһѹ֪
ѿУֶ̱ذʺϽսвǸѿУǾǻ֮˺ѿƤҲ˸о·𱻵иһĿֲ˿̴رˣһҶ¶ԷһԼĲжϡ
˵ô˵ˣղ˭أ˵ղȷ˶ԷǴ֮ʩչ׷磬Ѽٶȳ嵽Էǰһ˲䣬ԼʶһϸСġεΡ
ɭʿ˵˵ʶˣȻس϶̣Χ׷Χڶûˣ²⣬Χʲôװãһͻ̷ЧõװãǶԷû뵽Լʶ׾ͱԼס
ò˵һλãֵװ÷ǳȽɭʿĵֻ֮ҪϺ͵ųһòŻᷢãʹãôԪļԪ弶һų÷Χ̻ᱻɱ
Ȼ֪ô£ڲŸо־壬ǿԼ侲û䣬ﻹռơ
ðҷˣ˲߳߳ǣǣ֪֪Ѿӵг̵ĶԵصֻҪһ£Ǿͻ̻ΪһŻ𺣣˵
һ˼ˣóľǺͱ̸С
̸Ҳǽɵģͬʱһõ̸ߣԽתΪƣţԷ϶㣬㲻ļˡѣֻҪԴΪвôԷȻͷ
ϧˣϲʽ̸С
صĻֻ˵һ仰ڴ֮ǰԴᱻ˵һгˣ㶼ˣһʬãӬϲԴǵܻԽˣ
ʿˮϲȻĳ鴤£˵ʵ̫ˣһ룬ôز
ٶˣҲԼǳסһ㣬֪Լ̸мöԷͷļƻʧˡ
ôЭˣ֪ԼҪѪˣûϵֻҪԼΣգ̾ͻȡѪȵı˵г̵ɲǿЦģһĴһЩڴ˰ļ˲ټ˿ƼǷԪѣҲȵҺ˺ܶࡣ
˵ǷһǸԪȴֻõ˺ٵһ֣һǲǸһ£ô˵
ԭΪС£ģ߳ǲǷǵʺˣ̽Ǳ߹óǳߣһʮںٷڵ̺ˬ˵
߳ѾһҪЩ£ңⶫԷҲߣֻҪԷſԼôؾͻ̷
ܿ죬¾ͽЩ˹
ЩȥɣԺкĻᣡɵ˵ȴֻҪԷſԼôȫɱ⣬һ
ڰֵ֣Щ㻹ǵԱ
ŶԣҲһˣ콫ǵ˶ǳҧ˵
һ֮ǰһ𱻿µԱ˳Զ·ûд󰭡
û˰ɣҲˣҲˣ壬˵һεֻһᣬԸֱˬһѣ˵ΥĵĻֻſ
ܷſ
ȻǲܣԽϣ˵ԽйûдﵽĿģҪ֪ѾԷ˴˰ıֱвأŪֻߴԼȥǴڷգ˵ģرܻܿи֯óȻ¶ԼͼôںѾȻܴݾߡ
Ѿļƻ⿴˿Щųˣԣһˣӵòڣ㽫صĶˣų
һΣɵˣ뽻˾ߣҺܾܿǱǵ˾ߵġ
ֻǲ²⣬˼Ҳô죿
Ǹز֪ô˵ˣû˵ֱӵô㲻㽫˸ңҲУ㽫߳Ǹң߾ʹߣ㲻ˣֲǣôҲˡ
Σ漱ˣûֲҪģֱʨӴ󿪿ڣƫƫ˵ʲô


һʮһ ߳
˵С˼ԷҲ˵ʲôǣ类˾ˣȥĶˣ
˽ǾҪѪˡ
ǴˣԷո˵һѾǱǵ˾ߵģԷϢһ㣬Ѿ˵ǵʵЩһⲻ˵թ
ڴǰľֻѡһǾܾôܴܿһ˵ִֵţԼƾ߳ǵǿϵͳԽȫɱһ
ǣزҾܾΪ˵ʲôԼҪģ
ûУһûУȫҲԼҪڴ˵ûκζܱȵ֪Էڹթ֪߳Ƕǲؼ彫ļƻǷǳҪһǻѡͬ⡣
ΪԼͲ
ںͶԷ˵Ѿ֮Ļûκã˼Ұǿȣ˵ʲôûá
ôûãҿûôõģʮ£㲻ӦҾֻ㣡˽ѿУزϾƿһ˿ڣѪ˳֮ͨǰصı֣Ѿ֪ԷһսթļһһˣӦԼǡؿ϶ӦΪԷκ¶ȲˣԷ㹻˽Լǿ֮£ֻܴӦ
һֱˣһԭˣַûãǶԴأ϶ǰ԰ˬ
߳طǿãҪӵǿķǽǵµоģؽôһоģԻһ˼ֳɵĶҪײҪֻҪܷ֮̾ӳá
ȻȷǣǴشӦҲ϶ˣһЩֶΡ
ʱ䣬͵͵תߵµĿѧңֻһЩʱըȵ뿪֮߳ǳ׻װӦȻ߳ϵͳĿȨͻȻ
һ֣£ӦԵİ취ؿ϶֪ԼѾ뵽ĵоɭʿԷõɭʿģɭʿڣʲôơ
͵͵߿ѧңҲöԷóѡ
ҪƶܣʵԽв֮ͣǰѡսв߳ǿϵͳԼѾ뵽Уʶ£Էκηᱻݺݴѹȥ
ʱƼȻҪļֵѾÿ£ԪҪĻԪȼţԼԪ弶ʦôһˣͿԳ׻߳ǵκη͹߳Щ˿ƼûС
ʱˣǴϵҪ̭ġ
˵ֿƼǺҪģӿӦԪĽŲϾÿһ˶ܳΪ֡
ھµʱ򣬴ͬԤϵˡ
۾ͬǶթǾǽ߳ǹá
Ϊͬ⣬߽ӹܵĹҲ൱죬ڴسǧʿװϳ˳ǣڴزŵı£Ȼǽӹ߳ϵͳĿȨ
û룬ͽһȨޣԭĿȨޣȫֶɾ
һ̴ػ֪Լ©ʲôԷб֪νӹ߳ǵϵͳǴΪ֮¶߳ǿȨһɱﵡ
ΪɱﵣŻӦԷҪΪΪԼӵ߳ϵͳȨޣֻҪԼ˰ȫ򣬾Ϳ˹
ˡ
ȻڣϿûʲôҩغķĻѪ߳ǣȻô͸˱ˡ
ȻҪҪҲܾһо˾Ͳܱ͵͵תߣֱʱ򣬴زŻȻ֪Լһľʲôĵˡ
ȷ֮ǰ͵͵Ǳ߳ǵ˾ǳԷ϶Ѿ֪˵оĴڣõ˼ߵġʶ
ΪԼյʶ߼𣬲ԼһԸ
˿߳⣬غһɭԶԭ߳ǣʱ޵нģ̤ĵһҪľۼأ쾹Ȼ˱Ķˡ
кͷŭݵġ
ڣǻҪ뿪ΪһԷս˵Ĺǵʱͻᱻ϶Ϊߣܵս˵Ĺ
ز֪ԽɱնݳͶʧһԺҪȥȻڽϼѣ´زɱôԷ϶᷵ǵıܲȻپǿ͵͵ڶԷҵǵϳ
ļƻֱӸɵػץסвԼȥҪãһԷ˵Ǻ޷ҲԼˣҲܺ棬Щôܵġ
ڴصڣһ޵ԪΪѧͽ֮յԪ÷ԴԪʵܷ֡
ֻҪٴһԪͿҵԷϳ
һʱ䣬Ȼõ߳ǣȻҪʹõˣǶϼǵκһ߳ǡ
Ϊɭʿڣ߳һЩвҲԵһʱ䷢ֺͰγ
ûе飬ǳ֮߳⣬϶ŵ㣬϶һЩСľۼأǿ϶ģҪ¶߳ǣֿԲ߳ǵв˼ǽԭ߳ǵеÿһθȻһһ飬ûдصˣûУȽǸ룬ܲд֮⣬ϼ׽ӹ߳ǣϾ˴һۼأû˹ǲеġ
һǴҲܷʲô˻
ԷûӶ߳ǣ϶뿪һ죬죬һȥԮ
ǳɫصǣһθٴҲֻԳһЩ黹Ҫȥģ⣬˰ʱ䣬¾õһϡа翨֮񡯲õǵС
翨֮񣬰ɫϡƷʣһԽ翨ƬǧԪ֮Ӱڣһ
ԴӵõƬ˼ƻǾǽõǵУ֮ǵļֵɱӣһŽ翨ļֵǼҪ4000ԪǾʵڲʲôˡ


һʮ вɱ
ֽ˼ķʽõ֮߳ϼǶæĻҪƿ߳ǣʱڽһƼ֮ǵļֵӳҪѲѪģ˭ֵ֪ãһ߳Ǻʨǣǵʵõǰ
ЩҪȥģ塢ϼæˣɭʿ԰æ㶨߳ǵϵͳáҶϺݹҲæãȫģҪ˵˵ĻᶼûС
õ߳ǵĵ죬ͨԪ֪뿪ˣǺ֪һǵϺɫ磬ֱ׷˹ȥ
߳Զʮ๫ĺߣһ޼ʵĺ󡣺ɫ˿̻һ⣬ٽ뺣УһСʱǰؾǴ˺ֻҪŴأͿԲѴ֮ҵԷĴӪ
ֻɫɳǧ֮ͻȻüͷһ塣
ڴϵԪȻͻȻʧˣһӦǣĪǴطʲôǼȱˣԷҲԼµԪһطѧͽѧϰĸ߼Ԫؿ϶˵Ƿֶܡ
ȻһֿܣǾǴˡ
һϵԪȻɢҲ͵͵µԪ
ؿ˳ϵҪӣô£ӿٶȣԪʧ򣬺ɫȫǰƬ֮͸ϵһƬ
ֻǵϵ֮һ㶣ĺƽϣƯŴĲкһЩðŻ⣬ںƽȼա
ԿһķɻҺܾܿǴسķɻ֪ӵоķɻٶȼ죬ɵҲСʱ顣
ڰ·ϣһܷɻȻǱˡ
ȻԪûʲôս飬Ϯºֱܿӹҵˣɻˡ
ǣ˭Ϯ˴أ
˿Ʋ㵱УӰĺɫ磬һһ˫۾͸żޣ޲ȥ
Ǻɫ磬ҵĺɫ磬̫ˣǺɫ˿϶ǿĵӡһ˵
һ˵һΪհצģһƬ򣬸ղǻһܷǷϵ˵նհצԷȻǿĵӣҲǺгģȥɵɡ
˵һ˱ǷһЦȻ˦һſƬ
ʱͻȻðһΣУ˲䣬򣬿ƺɫ뿪
˵꣬ΧĿһŤһž޴֩ںɫǰ󣬽·ߣ˿ȴǶӰ
һſڵȫĶǶϲپߣƾһڿмֱƽأһһɫƤףһһˡ
ˣʶڿ˵һ˲֪鷳ˣûʱȥôȴȡһͬʱ
֮ȭɱ
ɫ֮ȭɱ£̽ڹΧڣǸȫſоߵ˴˿̾ȵɫȭȻǴ˵еɫȭѾʧƿַСӣĶѧһ˵
˵˦ִһԪͷľ֮ȭɢˣһ
һЩǱˣȻҲֶεֵסһǾ֮ȭȴǱɳȥʮԶǷһƺߡ
ôʱ䣬ôôǷһŵľһ£Ͱγذףһɫذס
磬֮һһαС򱻻֮󣬷˳һֱѶʱȴǳ
һˣҲʶǺ͵ʦгͻʦ˵һʵʦһԪ弶һԪΪˣŻһ־ͬʱһͬʱ̳ŷ类˵ķߡ
Ȼʵֻһ磬ǿƾһŸ߼ħѹƶԷٶһԪʦǾжԶӶԶжӶ졣
ʦǶ֣˵һԼʦͬʦ֡
ӵķǳϣɫٶȼ죬ķ£˲仯һ⴩ҲǱѹô˵֪һҪӡ
ӣߣĶôףˣɫҵģұ˭˿ЦһȡһſƬ˲ƽĺȻӿһˮӺϼ·һ϶ıһ㣬ΧķΧڡ
Щˮһմɫϣ̱ɼΪճʣɫϴССĽСճճһɥʧһһ̣ƽͻȻԾһȫɺˮɵĽޣͬһüͬһ̴˺ɫĲ壬һҾܵķʧȥȥ
ɫ粻ҪˣߣҲǹ쳣˿̺ɫѾû˼еֻǵһץס俨ȻһԾ壬棬ѾȻ֣ذ׻һ⣬ֱĿڴȥ
ͫһ׼ֻû뵽羹Ȼ˿٣һ޽Уǵؿڡ
ҵذӵи߼κֵܵĶЦһгм
һذ׶һ޽ϣȻǱ˲ɫࡣ
Ľôᡭ
ʼղ˵һϻ޽Էذף̻һһҲ÷綯㿪ˣҲǽϵƤ׻һӡ
޽ǱȺھҪˣƾһѽԺ͸ͥ⡣
棬Ǹʦûг֣ԸһԪļѧͽһ˾㹻ˣô˵綼ǾмԪؾϴԪ弶һ߼Ҫ¶Է˵ûκ⡣
羹ȻһˣЩˣûгֵ˼Ȼ֪ʵֻˡ
ʱ򣬷羹ȻһҽУؿھȻһεĶ̴Ѫ罦
δ֣ץסͻȻҪɱ
ֻǺ֪ܿԼǵļˣ⸥ΪԪ弶Ǹ߼ҪɱԷô򵥣ͼǸķҽһһ̾ȻǻһŹŹֵĿƬƬ˲ѣ󼱷Ϯ󱳾ʹȻǱһ´̴


һʮ ħ
˲Ѫ罦æһţƿ֣Ȼ˫롣
󣬸Цһͬһ㣺ȻôϣҲøеˣһѽҪˣ
ȻֿƬаȻԼĴֹڵľƶ൱һѶԸ˵һԪʦһԡ
ԼҪԲᳬһɣ˵ǾһҲΪ
ûдԼĿȼ㣬ʩչҲκβ÷ǸʦĿǰΨһĵƾһŴͼݿŹõһŸ߼ˡ
ʮħ
һſƬȻشɱ磬ֻǵʱԼӵǧʯҲᱻ˵֪ǸԪʦܷŹԼ
ǲã·綼ܳײԼ
һҲѶ̴֮⣬һһʮѾץ
ǸʦƺԳûвֻ϶ԶԸԼ⵹Ǹһᡣ
˿޽սˣ׼ѰһʩչһʱͻȻӦһ˿ŹֵԪ
Ҳһ˿ƽѪԪĸӦﵽ˽̬ĳ̶ȣԲܲ˼Ԫ˸ֲһ˿
һɲǿ󣬵ȴǼΪޣԼһƬС
Ҳ˵ж
ϸһȻһ޴ں֮£һӦһּΪϡеӵһǻۺ򲻻ںж֪ͻȻ֮䣬ںһںˮζһ֮£ȻǴأǸӰء
˿̣Ǳ㣬֮ǰǲĳƯﵱУ˿̼дսԴһߣһԪκζѿмֵĹע
ǷǸʦûκζǺߣֻɨһۣͲٹע
Ѿ֪ϮɻĿ϶ˣǿ϶湶ӲдĴȴûмɱˣΪʲô
صǸˮкӰʱ˼תͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
Ǿǡ㡯һƬ򣬿϶ͼıһԪ弶һԪǿĴھԲֻΪ˻һطɻô򵥣ǿ϶иͼı
ոӦеһ˿ŹֵԪҲǸˮеĺӰܾܿǵġĿꡯҲνġ㡯
㡯Ҫģøպ·ĴرϮˣɺϣͬԼһ
ɺֺγڤڤеһֶ
ʱовǸŹֵĺӰʼˣںߵĴأͻȻһѪ۵ȫǿ־֮ɫƺУվûнг˲䱻ˮС
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һǻᣬ£ȡһſƬһɫľ֮ȭȻ档
ס֣
һֱ̩ɽһʦ˿ǼˣһǰΪ˺еհצ㣬հצҲôһŽհצܣһоͶǰղŴرϮҲǵһʱ䷢֣֪̾հצ㡣
ԼĶһſƬʵǿԪֶΣľ֮ȭû䵽棬ͱһ߷״ɵķֵ¡
޴׾˺ˮ֮µǸͼһӿһ޴͸֣ȾȻﵽףƾˮ³ҲǲΣҪߣʦǷһεĿհצ㣬Բߡ
յԥٻķʮķ
ķɵǸˣһָ磬˵
ķִʮħ˲伤һȫɼɵıһ硣
һ˲һ£¶˲ŵɫ
߼ǧʯ㡭ʦе𾪼ֱԱҪܣ֣ΧĿԼڵԪȻǶá
ۿǺħҪ̲ҽһ񣬾ң
ֻʱעŵ׼ߵհצϣ˵Ƿȷ磬ʱ϶
Ȼʮǿ϶ô׶ܵģûлؾȵĶ˵һѣҲ޹ء
һ£缱ˣһҧԼͷ㼤ſƬ
˲ʱ䣬ˮܣһԪͬʱ֣Ҫֵħֻһ̣ʩչķֶξȫħƣǽһ˲ǿƶһ壬ͱħУֻΪƶһ£ԺħûлҪֱӽץذ׵ұ䴩
Ѫֻ֣ںħĺ£ѪҺ̱ΪѪھ޴£ұֱӱڿоͱױ
ҽһİҲ⵹Ǹ˿ֹѪˣҲȥ
Ǹ߼Ҳʦ˸ǵԭ򣬼ֻǶһָ߼ֻҪǧʯôʦҲ˸ǡ
һ֣ͣû׷Ѿеķ磬ðķɹȥ类Ķϱץס̴ŰķԶݣû˺ɫ磬ֻȫ߶ߡ
Ҫ죬һǱߵʦعԼܲˣ֮ǰԼܻ벻˶Է۽磬ڣ¶˰ķ֮󣬶ԷܷŹԼ
һеӡ
ʮ类شϱֻգۼ飬ǱߵʦӦʱѾɳȥˡ
ǧʯǡҵգͻȻޱȣȴ˦֣һ̣ǧʯ˳ȥ
ɵϧһдۣҪϵʯ߲հצ㣬ֻܽ׷齻ǧʯ
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ߵٶȱͱһٶҪ죬ȫ߶֮£ٶȼ죬׷ǧʯٶȸ졣
£
һУǧʯͼһһ׵磬ֱȥ
ȻҲһ̱׵УϵĻֱڻػЩʹȥ
ҲܹѪҺϴǿޱȣ˿ȻǱƤܼȥʣΪһʣ֪Լɡ


һʮ 
ʱΨһѡҧӲţھԲǸǧʯĶ֣ԷֻҪץסͷһ߼ͿֱӽԼɱǲǸʵٴﵽԪǧʯҲԲԼͰķƥеġ˵һǸʦڳԼӵĻᶼûˡ
˵ڿԽ߼ƬشԪ弶ķ磬Ƕ񣬾㻹и߼Ҳûһ˿ʤ㡣
ʱóߵļɣ˼Χͷ赲Ǹǧʯ׷ɱ
ȻԷƿõĿ󣬵ƱҲȡһʱ䣬ߣȡȪᾧȥٻظơ
ȪᾧʥƷһֱãһΣʲô˲ˣȵƻָ߰˰ˣǧʯ׷һͬһ׵硣
Ӧֻһּ򻯰汾ĸ߼ԿͷţҪСһЩٴһ㣬͵ֵסˡ
ˣҲǺѵְֵһ£ƺһϵĻѾǻɻңƤѪ죬Ҳ̶ãԪļһ¶סǰ׵繥
һΣǲ˿󣬻ʿٻֵǸǧʯͬȪᾧҲǲҪǮİС
ЩᾧΪ󣬵ʱҲ˲ˣֻҪӳȥһжֵá
ſ͹ʿ赲һηɳʮǰһƬ籩Űָ硣
ĹʿʱҲһȻܵش̸ʿ´ߵһ̣ʿԪӦжϡ
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ܿ죬Ǹǧʯ׷˹ǭ¿ûжˡ
ǰֵһƬ籩ƹķ籩磬γһյķ籩֮ǽַ籩ƽһУǾǾһ¶˵ȴһѵı֮أҲûиõѡǴŰķӿٶȳ籩ڽ籩˲䣬ٴαһ׵УһΣſһѪϵë׵չ⣬òȴӲһ籩С
һ˲䣬оԼһ̨УڣҲ޷ȶһ˲Ͳ֪˦ʲôط
ھ޴ĳ£˺۵ֱ˹ȥ֮ǰһͨķ籩Ϊڷ籩УȻżΪǿԪ
Ҳ֪˶ãŴ޾ĺڰѹһоۡ
ҵʹȫݹƤ⵽ûһطۡ
ǵ˿֮һƬεգǻϵĺˮԼķ
ʱŷ֣ԼȻһƬõľϣƯں棬ķǶһԣ˷ܵķķķĽ
ģϻƣһû£˵һȻŬ
ԼŵһľҲһŰСͱˮʪȻ֪ںƮ˶ãǰķԵԼϵġ
ΪʼǿһЩѾ̣ǳ׵繥ܵǰδеش˵һ⣬ôѾˡ
û׷ǱһƬ籩赲̽ͷ˿ϵĵӰڵģʮֿ£Ƥͷüëչ⣬ҲޱȣҪָҲҪһʱģҪһЩĿƬϵ·ͻ׸һƬʣ˿ǳģָϵ仹ڡ
ȡ˿Լʩչͬʱ¹Ȫˮָơ
һʧ൱󣬺ɫ׹ںУǺ͹ʿʧȥԪӦҲ׶༪٣ΧߣҲȻ޷ʹõĵҲܵ׵繥Ĳʥ䣬ֶͨΣָߣܿͷ֣ԼߣָĶǼͷ֣ԼԪʮֻңлֱŰ׵ԪΪЩжԪڣߵƶȬ
ڵʵҲǸյԪĳ̶ȡ
ķʱһȥŷ֣ľϻһĲ֫ǵֱۡ
ϸһˣֱϻץһذףǷһǿɫذףˣϱ۵ָϣһö䡣
˵һǿ׳ζһֱۣͿ䣬ҲǸֲһЩʧȥɫ͹ʿʧʱֻԼοԼǺɫ绹ǹʿΪҪĻ飬˿˫˫ʧȻòˡ
ȡذ׺Ϳ䣬ֱӽϱߵС
ذ׵ȷһѷǳûн𻵣̶һ㶼ûм٣ѿлҪ̱һذõһ
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Է䣬ҲһεջԪϸһǷһްЦ
⿨䣬ȻǷҵ
ԪͲ˵ˣ㹻ӻ֮⣬ϡпƬҲʤкܶ඼Ǻ͵йصĿƬûҵȻֿƬϡϡУϾȫһֿƬֵ̫󣬼ǷҲеڶš
￨Ƭ࣬ǹƬȴкֻܶ࣬¶˵ô󣬵мüֵܸߡ
һһṹͼȡһ֪ǺɫͼĽṹ临ӣٸҲûϵ³ʦָ߼ʦɭʿֿѧˣδزܰṹͼһҺɫ硣
һһйγΪһӵǿսʹɱĵһЩרÿƬ֪ʶ
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֮⣬һЩͺܶϿЩֻǴԿһۣΪܿ죬ͷһŹֵ顣
һƬУȻӵж򣬺ˮǳңʱĺҲǷ졣
£뵽ͼĶһιڡĽܣ˵ǴڵԪһ⺣󻷾ӵ׽ĺͷ򣬶ǱһֿԴԪ籩ŵһƬ
뵽֮ǰһɾ޴ķ籩ǽ֪Լ˿̶νġĺˡ
̵֮ǣͼһιĽܡ
һƬһ̤룬޷뿪غ򣡡


һʮ ̹ź

ϵ׽ģʱƽ˾ʱǻ籩꣬˿Ϊ׵ԪԵʣʵ޷ָҲһҪƬʱʥڶ೤ʱָܻǾͲ֪ˡ
֮⣬һ鷳
ǾһƬκηݶܷУҪٻһЩԼ뿪
֣ԼֻһƬƾɵľϣ沨Ư
벻ȻһҪԷİķεҡͷ˵
ķ˺ܶΣλǷƺһεκҪ壬ᱻǿѹ
ͼ鼮أһǳΣյĵطĪ⣬һ̤޷뿪ͬһ˵ޡ
ֻ̫ҪȻǲܾôڴ˴ֻżҲûãֻһһ
ܷУǾֻ沨ƯʼֻˮֻǺˮʱ仯Լٶľ
п䣬ʳ￨ǲĶ֮⣬ǿҲֶӵĻȥ
䣬ת֮䣬ľϴһһҹ
ķҲˣԽ俨û˰ķľֻкˮµľ塣
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ҹֻƯںϣǺһƬһˣֱܻӱǿգȴ뵽ǰиָƯǣԼ˿оģЩƯе˹һģһ
ҹʱһֻеĹϮֻԪջ֮£ȡ޽ֱӽնɱͷųһԪѹһЩССϺĹﶼɧš
ʱţȵ˵ڶʱһЩϲķ֡
ΪǰԼ֮ƺǳһڵ㣬ſǾȻһҴ
ϲⲻܷУӾҲʮֲ׵ϣһҴһֵҵ飬˵⴬ʲôطǶпԼ뿪һƬĵط
Ծһľ壬Ȼˮһ㣬һҴȥ
ܿ죬εǰֻǿ֮ſһҳʮҵ洬ѾʮƾɣҲ֪ںƯ˶ãϵǺˮʴµ⼣ຣ𤸽ڴ֮¡
ڴϣͿˢһѾЩĴ
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ֲֻ洬Щ֮ץס壬ȻһԾ˴
˿֮ǰǸľ壬ᱻ뺣УҲ˵Լʵ϶ںˮţݵʱ䳤ˣ˭̹źȻƾɣҪľǿ̫ࡣ
ֻʱŷ֣洬ʵ̫ˡ
ԪӦһ£ȷҴûˡ
һҴѷʱ˾ˣֻôһҿմ̹źϵ鿴һ£һһ͵洬дϴϢĴգҵ˼·
֮ǰǹӣҲûЯͻ׿Ƭ⼸·Ƕϴˡ
֮ڴһԲǰ˿˿Լģ൱ңΪԪԵʣϵ˰ûɢȥļͷüëҲûгȥޱȣɲ
룬ӴҵһñͷϣͬʱȡʹߣϣһˣҲὫһ
ôһ磬ڵӺ֮ǰǽȻͬ˵Ϥ˶ϲ
ںˮһһҹرϲ⻹Ĵգֱ˯һһ˯ʮְȣֱ˰ҹűһŹֵ춯ѡ
۾̤̤֡Խԡ
԰⴬֮ǰӦû˲Ŷԣһ´ӴϷϢվ
ǴӴϼװϷģľϴǳʶԡ
װˡ
һӦҲǲɵһİëѵ⴬ϲˣԼ֮ǰ֪
ǿ϶ǳ򵥡
Ҳ£̫ˣĹҲ̫࣬ǳ˦ٻֻﵽԪ飬Ϣʺʱʹã⣬ȡ˴ӷõذס
޽ʺʵսذʺһЩʹذײرóȻҪһҪʱжѧϰһһˡ
˿ԪǰվǸں棬˼װϡ
ʱ¹ſڼװϣ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻɫĴʯͷ
ϸһǸǴʯͷһֹŹֵġз
ЩзǻԲݲƽʵؼӲͬʯﲻһʯͷһͿԷǵĿ
Щз;޴ÿһͳ˲С˿̹Ǽװϣſֻ߰ƺǽһƯĴ˺̲ʯһ㣬ܵԡ¹֮¡
ܸоеһЩԪЩзգȻԪһֶΡ
ʱһзͻȻתһԹŹֵ۾
зһŹֵ˻ﹾ๾³һݣ⼸ֻзҲɧȫվ
ǸоΣգֻսʿɢɭɱ¶˷צӣΨһʵ廯˺˵ԼҲǽ޽ѾˣЩзֻԪ¿϶ǲǣµǣЩзƻһҴ
ֻǽЩзı˿
ƺǸоǣǻӼװ뵽ˮУ׷ȥһЩзѾ뺣Уʧ
һСȻЩзֻطɹ¹⣬ǣѡ뿪
ʱҹյͻȻһ
ǹ
ΪܷǳǳԣһǹķȥԶһȻҪ˿̳һҪܶ࣬΢ĵƹ⣬ǹǴﴫġ
ѣȫ⣬Ҫľδ뿪ֻҪ뿪һƬͿԽ÷ǰĴϿ϶ˣ˵ϤһƬ֪뿪ȻֿԲ󣬵һϣ̾Ϲȥ
õ洬û˶һͶûУ͹ҲˣûжͲܿȥ֣˿̺ˮǳǸȥģҲ˵Լʲôֻ洬˳źˮƯԸϹȥȻҪЩʱ䣬Ҳһ취


һʮ հצ
һȻ鷳ʱƣǹ𽥶ȻһݵʶΪʹģ϶ɡ
˵ҪЩҪֵΣҲ׹ͨ
ӺľһϵҲġ̹źšǿװϵһϵ˾Ȼǿ棬߿˹
ȻѰġ
ֻǵȵ׷ΧǷ̹ź洬ֻһ˵ʱʧһ˾æʲôã
Ȼ֪ϵǺ뷨˿ǿǰһһҶλ͵ġ˴Լһ洬Ҫ˺ֻܶ࣬˿̣һһ˴棬ȴſһŹֵĺӰ
ҹɫУԸӿ壬۲ʱ򿿵Ĳ۾ԪӦ
͸оһʶԪ
֮ǰǸһԪ֮ǰͷҪġ㡯ǸŹֵ͸
ô
֪ԲͬǵԼһΪԪͬһ˵ָһܴͬģϴ
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뵽ͻȻãһöĴУԷļƻʧܣ˵Ȼһ¡ǲּ֪ʦΪʲôҪִ׽һֻ
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뵽Ŷϵ˻֣ʾִִױ䴩֮󣬼ûˣҪΨһİ취
ϵҲɵ֪Σ֮ǰצйЧģڰצǣֻǽעڴϣҲĻᡣ
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ϻһЩˣҲ֪ΪʲôûֻԥֻЩʱǴЩ׼ˡ
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쿪뿪뿪ǸֲĹһʪ͸źӵ˴˿ʧе
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Ȥǣʮ˾ȻǷС壬ֱԶΪףǻ໹
УǸѧŮԶߵ࣬߸ˣǸһקקĶѧֻģ޵ŮˣһȥʮŮԣһһŮѧ
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ûͰ̯˵ǴʵǺһȻȥ鿴һܿûͣ
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Ŷֻʮ꣬ȴһ׺ݣֳŵ꣬һʱЩ
Свɣ
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Ǻ˿Ҳ߲ĶȥԼһˣΪˣ
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ʱǸŮѧ˵ˣӣ⴬˼ҵģϴѾǾ御ˣڻҪĴʵЩ˲ݡ
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˭Ǹ̲мܿٷϻ¶ûϵٵСҶ㲻ҿҲǴɣװʲôװ
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ʱǱߵĺˮͻȻһ޴ĺӰƿ֣һ㶣鷳ˣǸհצ㾹Ȼ׷ˡ
ںȱˣ׼ԵʳԵ⡣
ǿֲޱȣѾڣԭ͵հצ㣬ղŻһŵĽʹɫ䣬һֲѣȻ¼˵ǣЩһߣ̱ڵϣЩŵӡ
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ͼ˵֮󣬾ȻһԾʮ׸ߣȻ˦һſƬһֻŹֵɫСһͬʱǾеĳնʮĹնһ
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˿̹źѻȸʮ˾Ȼʵʵվڽ񾪿ֵĿܿһСŶӵĻãΪ֮ǰ˵ڽʹӣ֡
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׵ǴﵽԪǧʯͷųԪչֳԪѹڽӺ͹ֱܿͬޣƺֻҪմȾһ㣬̾ͻɻ
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ڣŹϣ֧Ųסڵذϡ
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ʱǿʹ࣬ٻ£ΨһֵĶ󣬻ԪʲôֶԼΣ
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԰˵ϴӦѾ˲ŶԣȻֵܼڣʵǲ˼飡
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һ˲䣬оһǴûеΪһĸǷԪһסԼ󲿷ֻԪ
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ʱû˰ɣЦһȻ˱ԪɱΣգȴʵҲֻǺԪһ֪ʲôʱʲôܽʵָ


һʮ 
Ԫȼѹȥ֮⣬Լкܶ࿨Ƭ޷ʹã޷ҲΪԪԵʣ鷳Լڿ൱Σա
뵽ʼ˼βָܻʵֻȥؼһſƬϣϢƬ̣̿ʼԪӦԼһԼ꿨Ƭ
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۽ӵĶôңǶȥӽǸĴգϵκֻۣǴ̣̣ҲҴ˵³Ϣλ
һǻն׽ƣƣһСϵĹ˸Ҵ
װϣһЩľ塢ϲĵͰ£ŮѧɪɪĶ棬ڼСʱǰո¹һ꣬䳱ʪʱûڵˣޱȣܳʪټ꣬Ǿ͸ˡ
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⼸ŮѧǸŹܿǼΪ࣬Ը˶ʵĴա
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һĸŮҲ˯ˣ̷ŮĻ˹ͬĻ⡣
ǰҲ룬֪ôˣϣĸǶû°ɣϣһǰûһ֣μʲôƨҵУʱμҲûнˡһŮѧϷһ˿ڣҲһ˿ãȻһϰԵɧ
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һŮòͨʹ׳ҿӣƺҲ̫ۡ
ͬԵõһ֣Ǿǡ󡯡
СȣѵѾˣǣⱲ벻һƬˣһˣҪʵЩûоѵ˱˵ģҪȥͱҪǿĿɽܿǶߣʵսǿǵȻҪлǳġǸϧϣģƯ޵Ů˵
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⼸ŮҲϧϣ֪λҪʲôҪ֪ôʱ䶼ǽԺãһΪйܿıҲΪԼϧϣƺɶˡ
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˳˼Ƭ̣˭˵Ȼ֪ϧϣ˵Ȼʵûйܿı˵ҲȡĻˣͺ͸ڽʹߵŮһ
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ʹӣԶֻó˶ߣҸǣԸȥϧϣʱ¶һ˿֮߰ɫСҾͺãѧϰҲãǿеİ׸ȻʹӲȹ̵Ŀɽ
㣿ľŮҲЩ棬Ҫϧϣ˵ʲô
Ǹ˲鵽һһѡϧϣ˿ĿǰĴգʵĴգˣǰһ˹ѾΪСߡ
һͬһɫӵĿ˿ϧϣˣȴû˵ǰؼʱ̣ŮܿǿԳԼȡۣǲС
ΣգǵļֵǱڻҵˡ
һǰǻ˼򵥣ѧμѧУ֯ıҵУںϵʱԪѡ
˵ģҲǲҵģ˵ˣΪʱֱӱȻΣգҪ½ϵҪȫһЩ˵ǲңΪû뿪Ļᣬһʱ䣬ǶǱұһƬģֻһˡ
˿ѽܿʹҲֱӴû˸ȥǸѾнû¶ˣ̹ź沨Ҳֻ
§ԼŮˣһ֮ɫŮɫϼ죬Ȼ֮ǰĳЩ˶
ڴӣҪˣһɵĿһǸգȻǱߵһЩʲôܿϧϣ˻СϢΪʹӣ뱣ߵҲ֪һ㣬йܿڣǲаȫǰһǽϵ뺣𿴿Ͼˮ㣬ѾΨһʳԴ
ʱԶĺһӰӣԿһͺ̹ź޼СʹֻҪһЩȻж̹źϵ˷ֶԷԷҲ̹źţ̿
ãǺһѧǴҵĺɫɷס
˲˶һǽӺ͹ܿҲһôãֲ֪Ķ˺иʽĹ֮⣬ǡˡ
ʵҲǺһġҴߡֻЩҴߵ淽ʽǿӶҴߵʶġ


һʮ 
У˭ܳΪͬɫŮΪ棬ѡԼɫ࣬һЩʵǿΪ棬ͻѡٱˣǺǿ
ϵʸΪȱôһ㣬ȻҪǿᣬĸáȻУ໹һģͬӺ͹ܿˣҲڴģԴ֮ǰָ˾٣һ˵϶ǻ˵ġ
ǺҲǿֵ֮ģδǿҲҪ£ܿȻ࿹ԼʱǲڧҪһ¶⣬ǰһκЩһ˳ԵģҲŮˣƯɧŮˡʱվ˵˵֮䣬򽹿͹ܿŮ˼Զ
ϧϣСȵ˻ãŮǱӵĻŵɫ԰ףǵĴźܱ¶ҲܷɧЩĿǣô죿
С졢СģǺҲҽŮˣ˿һݣһռǿˣΪԼĶԲȾָһеĳ嶯ֻǴӵһ仰һҪƴӡ
Цһо׿ƣʵϴһǺĴӿǲҼ̹źˣȽϺãλӿֲ
ڹܿȻҪ侲࣬һ仰û˵Щ뷨
ܿ죬˽ԵȡһʽǹһѴ̵ŮֻСǴǱߵҪһЩһѲ֪Ķ㵽Ĵھǹһĥ÷ޱȵĸͷһŮҲʵǹܿһ˹ܿһѵ֮⣬ҪôˮҪôľʹӶ֪ܿһ￨ٻһԪˮԪأΪˣʹӲŶԹܿʮּɵҪȻϧϣСȵͱʹϴˡ
ܿʹһſƬ˲֪ԭ򣬹ܿȴ֪û㹻ԪԼĿƬֻκˣΪʹһ֪˵ƽƱػᱻơ
ʮӺ󣬶Ǵʻ˹ȿǴƮģɫɷס
ͬղ˵ģҲǿֵ֮ģģһǳǿĴڣװ
װҲ̸֮ɫĴڣһʱϴүҲװӣ֮Ϊ˻ȥ伫⡮װֹһ˵ɱ˲գۣ˵ֻĸˣǼײУǵı־ǴѪдȥġס֡
һ˲䣬Ӵ˸£һ߽͹ܿҲɫѿȻҲ˵װһ֪װĴףһԪĸ֡
ȵʮ׵ʱ򣬶Զ˴סߣӰ˹
һԾʮףɲһģǶ߲ܰ쵽顣
ܿ죬̹źżװϾͶˡ
˴ƤӺͽƳɵĻףÿһﶼһ䵶һһѲǹ⣬ڶԷĴϣȻһͦػǹ˿һ˲ٿǹڶǹڶ׼̹źϵˡ
ôȶת
ϨҪ߶Էֻͷ˼ұԼֱСҼңһײˣλ۶˶Ҫ
磬⴬ϵ˲٣ƣǻӲƴһͷĺӰγ䵶ɨһ۴ӵˣһЦŮʱ¶һа֮ɫ
˳һԼĪʮµˣһ׺֮ɫһƤףƤ˫ȫ׺֮ɫ֮η˿һȦγ䵶ָָӡͺļŮˣʳеĿƬ⼸ŮˣУһͷ
Ȼ˻򵥣˼ȴ൱ԡ
ҪҪҪʳֻҪǿƬǶҪ⻹ҪŮ˺һͷ
׵ôģ
ΪǴ٣ǱٵϲֿҲɱһˣԻɱ˲߿գѪż
Ҳ˵㲻ֿҲҪɱˣǹء
ӱǴ׵һɣˣҲǲ֮ӣＫȱŭΪԷղָҪŮͰŮˡ
˵ݻһ£вҪ֣ȴһ¡
ܿû˵ɫҲЩ԰ףԷղҲָԼԷҪԼôͬ⡣
£ͬ⣬ǾԼ֣ʱɾͲһͷˣð׹Ĵ׳˵ͬʱͷųһǿԪ
Ԫ
ֲֿԪȻҪԪǾֻԪԪѾ޵еĴˡ
Ȼǲӵ˿ǵʱ䣬һ֣Ǹǹ˾ǹ˨ʱǹе൱ġ
׿ʼˡ
ǱĽϧϣСȼҲɫҰףȻ֪ߵĺԺԻΪйߣ˵֮ˣ־Աҡ
飬һʱǲֹһμеŮ˲ַ˵Ĵѡɱ
׵ٴ
ܿ㣬ҡҡСȼĿˣʱתÿϧϣƺʲôͻȻվ٣ϴͬ˲УǶֻСආϴ
ǵϴ󣿡׿ϧϣЦˣЦһԵĶ׺ֳǹе׶ǹЦȻ˶ôЦЦһ㡣
ϧϣȻŵҪĵͷǣǵϴ󣡡
аǽϴҿͬⲻͬ⣬УСͬͬ⣬ϣŸĸ㣬ʱ϶ˬˣͷ״˿̿Цаֱѹơ
ðȥϴϧϣ֪ԼŪˣǽܣĸһԸȥ
ϧϣһǸĴȥ
һĻӡǹܿǾһ
԰һţ˴ڰղŽŵһ㶼ˣǶȼһϣǲ֪Ǹǲ׵Ķ֡
ϧϣ˲ſڣá
ûӦãûӦͷѾֱ³Ҫʱ򣬲Ż򿪡
Űñߵ˳
ʵϣ׸ϴʱ֪ˣֻʱ˼λָԼʵ˹ؼϣ˼·ֻû뵽ϧϣơһЩҲͨˣˡ
Ͼ̹źĴ
˿ȻʵѹƣֻԪĳ̶ȣԷһԪԪɲ¡
㲻սҲܸɵЩˡ


һʮһ ɻ
СƤ˵ϴ󲻻СӰɣǶ˵ֱ꣬ȡһſƬһʹÿƬģһǸ֡
һ̣׾ŭ磬һԪĻ˷һ鿨ֵǮأС˵ȥԴ
ȥɣСһ㣡ԪǷ
ģɱЦһһ̣γ䵶ֱӳȥ
һ㶣ЩֵǹϣĹͷȻҲԪǿ׳ԪҲǼΪĴڣԸһԪĿռݴƣֻɲԪڿȥǣϾǡ
ɨһۣս飬ӦԵİ취νев͡
ȡſƬٻù֣ͬʱ޽ӽնĶס
ߵ䵶˿Ҳһ죬һ̣׾͸оԼƺںڰ׽֮ǰǿŵһĻ䵶ȻǱնϣԷĽкԼԴն
ԭҵԴڷɡǶͷǳ˺ڰС
ͬʱٻùһǹʸʮԷϲٿͻǹľֱɱ
üʸֶͬһ㣬׼ȷĴǸùţ˲ɱ˶ԷһʬͨһԵУһĨ˻
ùֱַһ׺ף˵һغϣǴ㽫ȫɱ󻼡
һǸֳԶǹֱӲм̱ڵϣ˫ŲӣҪֹѪŨѪǲϴָӿƬ̾û˶
ʵǿĴףڽʱ̲һʸֱӴļ򣬶׵ǼΪ͹ϣм˲ûŷǽżʸĳһԾ뺣С
Ȼˡ
ȻһˣҲһˣϵ䵶ǾƷѰ׾٣жһ˿УֱӱԷһնϣʣԷΪٻﾹȻ˲ɱԼֵܣܿ˵ˣ֪ԼԲǶֻ֣ΪϵߣһµĵûС
ò˵׵ķӦ̫죬Ҳû뵽ԷȻùֵĹºߣҲû׷ԷϾԪĸֽ֣׶Լʵ׷Ǻѡ
뺣֮󣬾ûиȻҪôˣҪôѾףױҲֻգ֮飬һĻӡ͹ܿޱȣպգ̸֮ɫ׺Ȼ׻ܣʲôʵ
ֳû˸˵ɵѹʵ̫ǻǵһοùǼȺ£Ľ
һЩˣûͷĴӺͽǿ˿һԵǸģŮ
ղţԼţ˵Լǵϴ
ؼʱֵ̣ӦŮǱҪ˽һǿ
뵽ŶԷ˻֣ҽ˽һҴһ£Ȼǣһָùȥǣ˭ˣֱɱˣ
˵꣬˶ָǴҡڵ˳Ȼ֪ʲô˼Ǵɱڵù֣˰æ׵ĴϹ
Ǳߵ£ȥģҪŪҪϢֱ߽Ĵգ߽ȥϧϣԥһ²¶ģ˽ȥ
֮ǰЩͬ˵ģʱŮҪúûȥֻǿԼҪôԼʵӲͬܿԱסˣҪôѡһǿĿɽԼһüǮ
ȻûйӲʵֻѡڶ·ѡɽɾҪһڣϧϣΪԼǿĿɽ
ûǿĿɽ
ϧϣһ۹ŮˣһͿŰñߵһ֣һûмĸ֣ͷųֲֿ罣ˣһμҾ˵ոշ飬׿Ƕ˲ǵĴڣˣȻһͱˣһˣھûҲԲһ
ԼҪҵĿɽԷԼȥȻϧϣЩЩ£Ǹ˽ȥȻ֪˾ͻὫԼǹ·衣
ʲôϵ⻹ǳ飿ΪǿߵŮˣܱȸڽǸ׳ռԲҪã˵һ㣬ԼҪȽŮҪǿһ򱶡
Լģϧϣгŵġ
Щĸ뵽գϣϧϣţȻŶԷû˵
ϧϣվЩ֪룬Լѵ·ʱˡ
ʲôΪʲôǵľһֲĸҽҪͼƭңûκκô
ϧϣһ㶣ʵҽϧϣһһǰǼҵ֯һпҵУʱһҽʼŮŵĴͿϡ
һξϧϣȻǼ£γУڼ䣬żһ±û˵ϧϣԽԽͶ룬ƺһжĿѷʱǵĿֱϮˣֵıҵоʹ˱˵һľĿƬǴ˿ֲĹֱҴ˿֣ÿֱӽ塣
ңϵһ롣
ˮƮһһҹ֮ŵһֻǧƽ׵Ļĵȹͬļ¡
ʳȱĵϳһЩϡֲʯͷʲôûУǵЩ˻ĵϣе˵ĳΪ˾ߣֻҪŵˣӦ淨
Ǿǻعԭʼġַ򡯡
ǿ
ӻĵһҴٵ汻֣֫Ƕܣһʱϧϣӱ˿֪ˡʶҲ֪ˣһٲ뿪
Ŷϧϣж϶Է˵١
Ȼ֪ŮûƭԼ˵ĶģȻ˫ۺᣬѯԼ磬ԭôˡ
˵Ҳһ֣ʼղţܸҵĸĸҺǡ˵ϧϣֱӹ䣬ģ
ۿԼһ죬ʱԼȥɣûлشûеõҪĴ𰸣Ǿ뿪
ֻͬϧϣ˵ģû뿪
̾һֻȽ鷳һߣĿǰҪǻָԼʵֻʵָˣ뷨뿪Ȼ´һЩԪǸĸ֣ԼһͲˡ


һʮ һ
ڳ˼УûϧϣҲ£ȻҲڿΪĳЩڷգǲ֨
Ƭ֮ͨһЩ飬̧ͷһŷϧϣվ
ôڣʶһ䣬ϧϣһ㶣֪ʲô˼Ϊ϶ֻһЩ򵥵ľ϶ע⣬Ƕϲ飬Ů֮ĳ顣
ҡҡϧϣҲ֪ôش
ϧȫûǷ룬ֱӰֵˣȳȥǽĸĴŪûǵĴûͣûжһҲܶǿǽһҲ˯ĵطˡ
Ȼ֪̹źϵĴ٣ϧϣûеطֻڼװϴպϣȻжĴȻǿȥ
ϧϣ˵ͷæ˴գȴǴãˡǾǳԼĵλݣһԼҲˣȻһ¡
ȻЩС£ţù֣϶£ԼߵҪ뷨ӿһˡ
ȻǰһԼһſƬ׵ԪӡͬһͬӡĻԼʵ
Ҳ˵ԼԼʵѹȥǽƿӣСƿӣۺȶѪľҺȪˮ͹ȪᾧûãΪӾôɵĶ޵ġ
Ҳ⣬ԼʵԶٻָ
ν⣬ȴһ⣬ԼȻ뵽һЩӣƺʵ֣ڣ뵽ԼһǿԮ
צ
ͼ￴˰ľצ˵֪һЩطܰԼǰ鷳²˳٣ȡһź;צϵĿƬĿǰ鷳дȥȻҲдһЩʺϸ飬ȷû֮󣬲żƬ
֪ܲʹͨſȿƬһ⣬ʱ֪ԼĵǶġ
ͨſֱʣǸźԶԿ
˿̾Щĳһ͹ĴϣӰע⵽˿е⣬ȴЩ⡣
ͨſ˭᲻ǵģһӰ˿˵
һӰҡҡͷӦòᣬȥȵĽû֪ҪɹȻҪ׵ⶫЩаţֻҪɣͺûаϵԺʹϴֲɣңڣ
ãǼӿٶȰɣһӰ˵꣬»ص˴գԿһҴƮһġ
ųͨſǿʼȴצĻظ潹ʹӵ˶ǷǳĽ׵ĴϹȻڶԷĴϣҵ˲ʳˮʣȻһƬٻǺģȻҲŪôණڣ˱ˡ
ҪսʹӵǰϰߣȻǻҴϵʣǲңᶼûᣬΪ˿Ҵܾ˵ˣѾˡ
׵Ĵϵȷ㹻ϣһЩǰƺϤֻ̹źϵķĵ˰죬ʹ
ʱ򣬴ӿһȵĿʲôǰһⶫֵҪ˵ֵҿܼҲŮˣҲпԳĶ㣬ûɶͣҪСһ㣡
һɫѿڵѾʹԼܿˣǰȻںʲô¶øɣڿ϶ˡ
Ҫɻ治óʲôһ۴ӣת뿪
״ϵػǹ˿·ڵĹâһۣһ˿嶯ûɵǸˡ
ҡ
Ǽʶ׵³ʧȥһ˵Ҵϣǿֲùվڴβͬһ㶢ˣҪʲôǸж̻ᱻùɱˡ
ЩĽֻǴһ䣬ջѵǣԭŮѧ˿ƺҲǰýǸˣԼǹŻʵһӡ
Ҵ˶ǿһһҲƽһЩҴ㹻ĴտϢȻ˵ľ֮ǰֻܴڼװϵЩˡ
ȻûʲôҲûκαϣһ̣ҴϵѾǽĹǺͿɽһϧϣ˵ķԸȥ£Ǽ֤һ㡣
һСʱצͨſŷ˹һĻպñ˿ȻǾޱȣֻû˸ҲûˣֱһץͨѶ߻ԼĴա
ϸһϢһϲ΢΢ü
˵צȷһͨȻû뿪ͼݣװȫ飬󲿷鶼Ѳס
˵ʳ⣬צ˽˵飬ǾצĴȴЩ̫ð쵽Ҳ˵ѶȺܴ
Լӡ׵ԪԪȼ⣬צǳһĻ˵飬ûжˣȻܼ첻뵽ƿķӡסԪһŵ뷨ҶԪͿҲ¯ܰ쵽
צ˵²Ѿ漣ˣҪ»ָʵǲܵ顣
һ˵֣ûκνȵİ취Ǿצ֪ʶԨڵԪһ壬ӵп쿨Ƭطһ˵ǲʹƬֻԼġ꿨ƬֻԼ꿨Ƭս
ɺϵǣ򣬾򣬶壬һ塯ֻҪҵһˣѧϰԼͬʱҿƺͷõ꿨ƬķôӦþͿԽϾڵǣһƻ꿨Ķȴûãͬһһ󱦲أȴûдⱦصԿһ
˺һ֡
һǹģצ˵ʵп뿪ĺ·ֻм֪ͼݵĲҲֻᵽ£ûϸĽ⣬ԾצҲ֪
ͬһ취
Ǿʮߡצ֮ԽߣǾκοռƣߣ˵ߵȼߣʱơ
ȻǴ˵һߣѾԴ˴пռ֮䣬Ҳ˵ߣôųֻܽܳ򣬾ֻԼҺ԰һ߾ߡ


һʮ ϵȨ
ӵ֮ʲôط߾ߣߵĿƬĶô
Ǹ߼ʦҪʮϼѣ󲿷ָ߼ʦŬܾöһܳɹ˵֮ǰӾצõʮߵġ׷Ǽ׷ڵҪҲʮѣҲΪԭ򣬵ûȥԡ
˵װ汾ߣ߱޴е
ԾצķںûһôٻһŬĿ꣬˵Ŀڿȥǲɵġ
һʱ䣬ҲЩʧ䣬Ϊܿܶʱ޷뿪򣬲Ҳû̫ĺ֮ǣǡʨǺ߳ϼ塢úڹӦû⣬ǵõ߳Ҫġоϼǵ϶ֵܽ󻯡
ʱڣ϶κ⡣
е֪̫ҲûãҾצĸķҲδزʵ֣Ǽǵã֮ǰǸհצƺƿޣȥ˵ʲôҲҪץ
뵽򿪲ţϧϣڿ˵ĴˣһЩͿԣΪϧϣ㹻ҪһЩ飬ҪС
ϧϣӡܿһһĽеĴգȻһѯǹ֪ҲΪޣ֪һ˵΢һЩõϢ
ϢǴṩġ
˿̵ĴӣЦӴûֱˣѯʱӿν֪޲ԣṩһ鱨
ϣһЩСüƯСг򵽸ָʣһЩ鱨֮ǰһΣֻǽȥһȦŵܳˣĻ˵涼ࡣ
õϢҪĿģǻָʵȴǣ˺һ壬ȥּУ˵Դ̽һϢ
ЩУӦϵŪģûϵ򽻵Ҳһˣһ㵹뵣ġ
ǣôƾż䣬ôźмзʻ
Ҳкọ̃ҲⶫããҪҵһطѶȿɾ̫ˡ
ӵõȴ쳣˷ܣ˵ǿߣ϶ϲõˣԼǡþǣһڴϲеλ˵λдڵļֵǴӵĴ·򣬱˲Ե޹ʵİ㣬ҪԼȡԼλá
ڣǵõ˵ͬҪġ
ǣӳ˼ϧϣ֮ڶˣһϣͬеȼλ֣֮ǰ档
ˣУ⼸죬ԭŽŮҲôˣһʼǸŽҲΪܵõܵõ㹻ʳڽ΢ȻҪı㡣
ǲûԼ壬ǣ֪ԼѾǳһˣ˼ϧϣǻûڵһΣܵӦõģǲ֪ԼвС
ʱ˶ǷǳڣڲӦ̫Լټּ֣ڴϵĵλ϶ϧϣ
һߣֶܿº䵭֣ûˣҲûԼͽˣ֮⣬һúˣӸһϾܿΪ˰ˣǲġ
ҲǹܿڼģҪٵطʹӣΪϵǿ֣Ǹˣƺ鲢ģڣʹӶʵĺһ㣬Ҳ۸ˡ
ϧϣܿҲѡڹܿϧϣٲȻǴ˷ʩĴϵĶϧϣĺýǣ˿Ҳ൱չһߵˡ
Ӵ˿ڼʻźͼ̣ȷһмеλãǰֲ⼸îһ֤Լļֵ¼Ѿˣĸȥļʱ⺣ϵ˵ϴȥ磬ʵƨǣ˵͹ˣҪиķչҪõĻţֻܸˣһǸֲĹڣˣһԭѾǾصĸŶԷ
һĻϧϣͬһˣ˺ǰ˶һŮ˵һֱоԷ϶ᱻôȻҲüȰܿãҲһ𳹵׸ˣȻߣľˣֻǲΡ
ڴﲻһʱ䣬뷨ӿܲӻָʵ
һ֮ǰһĵ
ֻĸ򳡰С⵺ʮ˷ܣ֮ǰ·⵺ҵмеĿԾ͸ˣĿǰ죬ͿԵﺣмڵһƬ
ʱǻĵӰζһȻһǹ졣
ϵ̱ߣ˿ǾĵҲ׾룬ԾߵȻԿ
ĵںһЩＤսռϷЩǴϺһĹ
ʹǣ鷳ˣһϺڹǣ쿿ȥǵȥǣܿĳĵϵ˺ǽСѾϰΪܿһĵˣǶİ೤ģѷһʼǹܿͳιˡ
ֻҪˣܿԸȥæģеʱϧϣȰҪ̫ģˣǹܿȴҡͷһֱ˵˻ţҪæ
ƶĴȴû
ܿȻҲǶߣǰӶĻ˵ڣڼġȻͲܿ
ΧĽҲû˵һ²ؼ߸߹ģ⼸κ˽ɨһۻĵϵӰܿʧȥȤȻ˵һϵûС
ӣǻĵϵҵͬѧ㲻æٰ͹ȥܿҧ˵֪ҪôӺͽæʵҲȽȥֻҪЩϺ֣ʱ벻ֶˡ
ҲûӲ뵽һС
˭ϴӸϵûӣֱܿţҪȥæЩԥ˵ԸƢ˭֪Σһǲ롣
Σֻܿϧϣϣܰһæ
ϧϣȻ֪ԼλܿԸ񣬱˵ͬѧǲɵѣҲܰæͰæҲΪԭ򣬹ܿŻǲ˵𾴡


һʮ ֮
ܿ㣬ȱżȥʰɣϧϣָָڵĴգ˵ֱ˹ȥСš
ǰֹܿһΰҪϧϣȻܲܡ
ϧϣ򿪲˽ȥܿڴ
һϧϣ˳ȴһ˷ܣܿһûƣŴӵӣѴȥˣ
һҪѯһ£ûʣȻհ졣ɲɵСƤô˵϶ǵõ˴λүͬ⣬ȻˣԼհǣϾڣϧϣ⴬ϵĶ
˼״ҲǱ죬ܿȻһϾҲˣܶһãҲһԸȻΪʱȥðգ˭ܿϺѾܶˣһЩϺִϴԼҲꡣ
еʱ򣬾ô˽ʵ¼ȻǴǸ˾ģ˭˵֡
˵Ȼǹܿæó
ĵϼϺΧҲͿҴԲʹΪӵĿľԷæ˿̿һ˿ϣ
ʱһ˲ֱӱһϺ˵ҪڶϺ־ǰԿԼʯǯֱӽ˵Сȼжϡ
Ѫ罦ҽ
ס˹æˣͬѧǣס⺣ϼһ꣬Բطһֳһѿһǹǰ棬ͬʱӶĿɱŲܱƽϺ֡
Ϻ֡
ĵʯΧͨһԪԪȼֻһȴа˶ߣпĸ֫壬ǰ֫һԻǯӣһļ׿ǣʮּӲʹǹеǽֻǴھӵƿõǸѶԸ
˿̣ΧгʮֻϺΧĵϲʮˣﵽߵĳ̶ȣǰɱϺͽЩȫɵˡ
˵ѧԶʻĴֻǿֻĹܿˣ¶һ˿ϣ
ǹ̫ܿˣˣ
ʱ򣬴ӺͻȻðһͨϺֻҪ޴Ӱ
һֻͨϺҪһϵϺ֣ϵ֫Ϊ׳׿Ǹ񣬶һļ׿ǳֳһֻɫʯʵأֳصĸо
Ϻֳ֮˻ĵϼ˵ע⡣
һ֮£˵ɫ䡣
⡭ϺеϵãͷѧһæǸ׼Ϻֿ۶
ȻǹӵѾ࣬ڿɲӵʱһϵϺֳ⼸̾ͻ
ֻ䴩ͨϺּ׿ǵӵϵϺϵʱֻܽһƬƬǣ̵ļ׿ϣֻһЩǳǳĺۼѡ
һĻĵ˶ɫףһﵽľƺʲô䱦һȡһſƬ
৵һ£һڿֱӷ˹ȥֻҵϵϺֵļ׿Ϻ̾ͱ顣
ˣҾôһһ򿨣ȻҲûã¿ˣǸ߶ʱһң￨Ƭ٣Ҳ٣϶ΪԭˣǵƿܲһһҲܵ
ǹ򣬱ϵϺֿʼŭӶ޴ǯӣݺݽǰһʯ飬Ȼͳ
ΣʱϵϺֵԴͻȻǱһȭУһ̣ӴԵڵϣ鴤˰û˶
ٿԴϣȻһ֧
ùġ
ͬʱʸԴԴϵ˹ͬʱػǹĵϵϺȺ̱֧飬ɾ
̶һӺеϺȫɱҴ˿ҲǿĵӴˡ
վ̹źŵļװϿǰĵղܳ͸͸պÿϵϺֳ֣֮սȻóƾƵǲʮ˵սûǿƬͻ׵£һϵϺֻֿҪʱ䣬ǹñɱ⡣
ȻϧϣԼæˣԼҲͬˣȻǲܿЩ˱ɱùֹҪ֪ùֿļʸһһԪһֵܵģԷϵҲһ
һߣڵõͬҲǲٿػǹæɱСϺ֣˿̴ӱֳԿ൱ǿȫûһʼ²ؼ߸߹ģɵЩϺֺ´ȥкĵϵˡ
ûйܱˣںƮ죬ȻûʲôʣҲһ½̤ʵصĸоҲǵǻĵϡ
ϧϣǽߣٲȻһģŮѧжʱ¶Ľ͸ӵɫ˲˵ƢŹ֣ǾҪȥҲûֻǰĽϧϣ
ʱѾİЩѧɨսߣܿҲܹȥЩѧ֮ܿ󣬸ǼѣǶһѧУͬ꼶ģȻǱȱҪ׽
ܿ벻ǣһڴʧɢҲм¹ȥˣһΪѾΣлл˾ǣֻߣһ˾ֻʣ⼸ˣĵǸͷѧ˿һп
Ҳһ⼸ʱǾ˺ܶ飬ܶͬѧˣ˵ǰ飬Ƕһꡣ
ϣмʬ壬ԱȻǸղűϺɱŪ˵ġ
˵Ľ̸ȻȤֻѵÿԲȵʵϵĸоôӾϵмд̽һϢ
ʱͻȻĵһֱˣѪѧץһȸܵһԪȵʲô۾һǰǸѧǰ
һûǰͶһñӺߵˣһҲС˭ˡ
Ķҿֱ⡣
㡭˭ǸһͷѪѧһһЩеָһֻĶȴ̲صһ䱸
Ҫʲôܿ˭Ǳߺ͹ܿ˵ѧ˿Ҳǿߵ߹վԼͬѧһߣͬʱ⼸ȵѧҲһнΧļơ
ȻһʱϵĥѾЩѧΪһϸսʿϾ޷ȥġ
û˵ԷĶִҪģʱǱߵĴӺϧϣȴЩˡ
壬ʲô˸ϽѶù˵ϧϣѧҲʶ壬һѪλʵǼǲˣô˵ȻҲǲյͬѧɵʵ֮ǿֱһЩɱⶼпܡ
ڴӣѾһɱֻҪһ£̱ɱˣԲẬղЦźͶԷкڿ漰վ⣬ǿ϶Ҫᶨ
ܿҲһţ룬̶˵壬˰ĶóɣҵģΪǺá
һ£ЩɵˣǿñӺߵĹˣΪܵܿ˱Ҵߣڿô£ƺ˲ˡ
Ҳɵӣϧϣ͹ܿô˵ˣټǴˡ
弱æ˵һѪѧԥһ£ǽĶ˳
һץһöӲҴСͬһƬһѤɫ̺һǿԪצͨѶ˵һƬɫ״ĪǣƬԺһ壿


һʮ Ų
ԽԽƬǾצ˵ĺۣ֮б󣬿Ըо˿˿Ԫ䵽ڡ
ȻЧҪѪľҺҪ˲٣֮Ȫǲ磬٣ָԪģҲֲǸѧҪһˡ
ֿ𽥻ָԪԣҲ;צ˵һ޶Ϊ˸һּ֤һſƬһһȻƬŵ˿
ܿ죬Ƭɢһŵоһ㡣
̿ȷǺϵƬ
Ǳ߽ѧȻͬ˿ƬЩջ𣬲һ̣˦һƬͬʱһſƬ
һ͵ĹâǸѧϣȵâɢȥһƬµ˿ȻȬ
ղʹһһ˿Էƣһɵ˿ڣһ˿㹻ˣ֮⣬˶ԷԪһһū͡ñȡ߶Է֮۵Ĳ
˵ĶмȥϾҲеߵģ⺣֮ҲֵǮϾǼſƬ˵ʵڲʲô
оϵȬһƬиһ￨ĺǼ
Щ˵ֱǷһ㣬˵һƬ˵ҲôսʱԲϲԪȽԪū͸á
ҲǿһĻ֪ÿƬƬһ˷ܵӣȻõĿƬ򵥣ҪǣϣƬԴȱ˿һĽ֮ɫ
һһ£ȷƬǺ֮ۺȻ֪ⶫǴĶŪˡ
ڣһյĻ꿨ط˵ǿ»ָʵΨһ;Ȼʮ⡣
ǸѧҲɵϾϻһʱģûһɵӣ֪ҪʲôƬڼ֮ǰеõģʱһǿΧһеĹҸźԶȵԷǸĹץ֮ҲιȥֺƮŵһöƬ룬ƬӦþǸץ߹µģˣҼǵץǸһĴֻܴ󣬴һģֻ֪ôࡣ
˵ͷȻóû˵ѣҶԷҲûбҪ˵ѣԼԷƬϵ˿ںԼѾû˽䱸ֻгݡ
ӵĵĴ𣿡ݽȻһҴϵϮһֻҽ⺣ץߡ
һҪһּΪϡٵһֻ˸㣬ܷŹܶԷʲôˣ׷ȥӲҪһֻŪ֣ұǻŵģпܵõ꿨طƿԼڵĻ꿨Ϊá
ߣӣѰҺϼУ֮Ȼ뵢ʱ䣬һҪߣҲǼˡ
ͽˣǱĵҲʮˣò׿һ˿ϣȻǲôŹһʱЩżҪܿǽԼһ˶ϴ
Ҳˣܿ˵ϻǸصˣֻǶԷûɴǡ
ʱ򣬽ɫһߵǰ棬ϿҵǣǼϤһƬһһҴ󴬣һμһ۾ϳңܰ㣡
˶ԷһۣҿԴϣ˶˵ûʲôãǣ⴬ϳ˴Ӻϧϣ֮⣬˶ҲûʲôãڿǣҪҪǶĵϣȻҲԸһǲܸȼϣԼһ¡
⻰۾һͲ˴һˣˣڣûгͷ֮գԷֳܷһãԼǰΪ˵Ľ㡣
ֻ֮⣬Ȼûʲô뷨
СŮѧ֪⺣ϣŵĻȥ˵ʵԴڣ⼸췴˯ıǰҪ̤ʵֶδͿ־ҲȻǲ֪˺ܶࡣ
һĹǣһɽ
ĹǺͿɽرչˣһһ¯ֻҪͿԽܶʵڵ⡣
ڣ뿪ӵаȫеĻ¯Ȼ˭Ը⣬Ȼ˽Ǹɵӡ
˵⻰˽һ˿â֮⣬˶ɫһ䣬¶˲Ըɫ
֮ȣһ⣬úݴƾһ㣬ǰõӦеĵλͲŹܿЩƿˣԽ٣ĵʺʳҲԽ١
ʱϧϣһֱ͵͵СȺ͹ܿǴɫܿӦȽСʱǼæܳ룬Ȼǹǰ
ңҡҡϧϣģҶҷĶҳϣʲôҾʲôСⷬΪż˵Ļϧϣ˴Ĵָ
ͨ˽⣬ҲŪ˵ƢȻ˿ȥ䡢飬Щֲʵϣһܺ˵ˡ
һ仰˵ǾʵһӲȥˣչֳһЩԼļֵԷô˵෴˱һЩ˻Ҫ˵Ϊǿߵԡ
ʲôһζʵ󽵣ֻūͺս˺ʵﵽԪļĸ֣ô൱ΣգȻһǳΣյ˵ʵȷҪ֡
ǾҰ֣ҲҪŵùģϾЩ飬һ˵ȷЩ׽⣬̽Ϣһ˾ά޴ֻʻͿͼ̣ⶼҪ˲
ƺЩ塯ĻСɫһ죬Ȼˣ뵽ϧϣѾһʲôǼᶨʲô
ãҲܸɴ࣬Ѿʼƻˣߵ˶ĳһĸ֣һҲܰﵽԼܶ顣
СȵӣҲǼæǰģԣЩڻĵʮǵһվģΪ֪ɱϵϺֵ˾˵ūͣһ仰˵ǵľˣ˱Ȼ޿ɺǡ
ǹܿˣҲǵͷͬ⡣
֮ǰŽŮҲæģĸһ£ֻʣ˽
ҲЩżˣһʼ˸һߣֻһˣûԴ󺣵
ûʾʲôɨ˶Էһۣ㣬ˣŲ
һ仰ֱ˽̡


һʮ ϼ
ɫ԰ףЩȴǵˣøһһ뿪
ЦЦҡͷһҪʲôƾʲô㴬ҿĵһɡ
˵ֱ꣬ת뿪ȥһĽ
ľ飬Ͱй۲˴ӡܿͽˣ⵱УҪһˣ˵Ҳܽթ㹻֪ԼΨһ·ײᱳѣǽͬ
ͷԼ򵥣뷨˶ҼȲȺ˵ʲôʱͻᷴҧһڣֶʱըôܴߣҪˣҲ
ʱΪһ仰û˸ٴɫЩ̵ĹܿҲ֪ˣֻҲǽҵģʲôˣȻ˭СرΪǵŪۣ˼ܿοˡ
ҡҡͷϽһȻһ˴һЩʳһ㶫Ҳǿͬѧķϸģͽ˸ǲ⽹˵ȻͬѧղǵϣûκαʾһϣѾʧ
˿̣ѾǲضزסȫԹ֮ɫ˵ʲôȻ嶯Ҳ֪ڷԼɡѾ⣬ֻҪлᣬ϶ᱨȥҪˣҲһҪ
ܿ
ֻǽԶ֪Ϊּ˽뷨ԭ
ܿ죬ϴʻ룬ֻ»ĵһԹӰһĨԹ֮ɫҲûɱΪ֪ãﻹһЩϺֵʬ壬ѪҺЩܿͿֲʳ߳֡
ʱ򣬽ɡ
ϣûлᵽգվװϣ˶ۼ˹ȻҪ
Ȼ֮ǰѡͶңҪΪ£ôҪŵԣǰңҲǣһ۹ͣ˵꣬żϺִ˵ѧ˦ֶһЩҽƿм˵ѧȻһâȵâɢȥϵѾȬ
һǽ˶סˣ֮ǰҲˣ¸ƣȴδš
⣬ϧϣʹԺҴϵĸ֣Ȼҵĸ֣Ҳ㹻ʵ˵ֱ꣬˦׿ᣬϧϣʹӡ
ս˵ᣬǿҲкܶˣʤóһЩûԵͨᣬ˵ûκ⡣
Ƕ˵صĶϧϣ˵ȴͬ䱦һ㡣
˶ǼޱȣǴӣϵĺӸһһԼѡˣ񽹿ǸɵװģвĳҲΪһ㣬Ż
ǵĶһЩͼĻ׿һŷԪ⣬ÿ˻һϧϣһŶ
ֱԪ
ôҲ˿ģҪֻ֪صĸԼܵõô
ͬԤϵӺϧϣͬ˼Ѫһ㣬˷ޱȣǴӣ̿ʼʻֻǰʻȥ
ˣҲһĽͬʱظ͸һɼᶨϣǰǴûйģǰǼŬҲǹ˽ûÿӣڣǿϣ˵ǿֱǳǵһ£ԼҲֵܱͬϧϣʹһôãǲҲܵ
»صգϧϣ֯˽֮ǰռϺʬдЩϺȻ£ȴǲʳԴʻϼӲļ׿ǿɻסƣҲǷǳõĶֻҪȻôϺϵά֯һ𣬾Ϳһ׵Ļס
ļʱӶŬ֮ǰλãͬʱںͼϱע˵ڶʱ֣ѾԿǰУһƬƯĴӰ
гʮҺ̹źƴСĴһһ޴ĺƽ̨ѾЩ谵ĺϣЩϻ׺һЩĵƹ⣬źҡΡ
ǺϼС
ЩʽȻģǵȻϣȫľʴ壬ģŹ֣еڴϵǧٹֵĵ̣־飬෱࣬ȥƽһظС
ҵˣӴ˿̼æ㱨⼸ΪѰ⺣ϼпǷѾ˼кüҵˣҲô˿ͬʱҲǼޱȡ
ԶϵĺϼУҲǵ˵ͷȻϼ޻ȷб£Ҳԭ
ʱ򣬴̹źŵĺ棬ͬһʻһľʷٶȾȻǷɿӹ̹źţǺмжȥ
Կһҳʮ׵ľʷϣվŲģˡ
壡
ȻǵԪĺ壬ǵĿĵȻҲ⺣ϼУ·̹źŵʱǴһͷϰźɫͷƤֳһƬƬϸСһ岻Ŀ˿̹źţһ˫ͬҰһϷʺͲ֮ɫ
̹źϣ֮⣬˶ŵùǺ
˵ǲǵĴڣͬ½һһƬϵĵλҲ͵ġ
Ȼ壬ҲûǶԷܸоԷĴϣһرǿԪӦǴﵽԪļ
ȵ֮˺ϼרһĸ򳡰СĺͷֻͣôӸ˹ȥ֮󣬲Ŷ˵ӣϧϣһȥڴϣһһЩùԷһ
˵꣬Ǹͷӣϧϣͽæȥ
һԣֻͣһľǸղǸľʷԷĴҲشʱԿ壬ЩȻǷ·һ塣
ûᣬôӴ·ϾΨһһֵطˣһδӵǲˣϾڣȻ˲ٵ
תһȦŪ⺣ϼУÿһΪһ壬ÿһϳ۵ĶһƷʽκ˶ڸһԪ£ԼƷ
ЩƷȻˡ鱨
֮⣬ڣȻϼе˲£ЩҲһкܶ嶼⣬˵Ĺؾ˴ӣˡ
һҲһΪ࣬ﲻ嶼͸ָĿ⣬Щ壬ǸָˣһǾĳձȺһˣԷԴϵĴմƺԶȥʪһ˫̵۾ֱܰһ˿衣
˵һβǸӡϧϣͽı


һʮ ĺñ
һֺϼл˷ܲѣῴۻңѰõĶڵ۽൱ߣֻ˼Ҵ˿۵ĸƷʧȥ˼ȥ顣
ڴӡϧϣ˵۵ĶĺöˮԵĿƬ￨׺ǼޱȣЩǸ𣬳֮⣬кܶϡŹֵĵߣĳֺϵĲϣĳεɫľʯг۴ġ
ֻϼУʵûʲôɿġ
˷ʱ䣬ͨԪԵܿҵһרų۸鱨Ĵֻ
һҴҲʮرͨɫںĺɫ֮£ҲǴŶһĪģ
Ҫ鱨һŶк
Ҫʲô鱨˵һ£ǳ۵鱨۸ǲͣҲͬ鱨۸ҲͬԪǻˣǰŶ˴˿׺ݺݵ˵
һԪҲʴʣһߣֱӵ˶ԷԪȼһ˵ͷųԼԪǲּ֪Ｘģȴһ࣬ôһ˵ǸŶ̾һ㶡
ĸԪ磬ĸ壬ֻϣ˵Ĵһ㣬˭ȭͷ˭лȨ˱ôһȳ⣬ҲЩ㣬̬
⡭ղֻ˵һǵĹأûκģʲôҪ뾡˵ڳԲ׼Ƶ£ֻǹ˵
һȴףЩ彻̸þչֳʵʵ󽵣ֻͨթԼĻȨ̧ߡ
뵽Ҹ㣬֪δ뿪ķ𣿡
ûһʼѯĵĴֻʣ̫ǿһǱӴһͺϼҲйԼôʣ鷳
ҪŵͷҪ֧Ԫв٣Ҫ֪֮ǰǸյõĿ䣬߼Ԫ࣬㹻ӻ
ĵһ⣬˻Ȼ֮״
ԭǸոսһֱֻܽܳһ룬ǾԶȥˣһ⣬һشˣȻҪѣ˿˵
˵ͷҲûбʾ⣬һЩ飬ŻһתǰһĵĴֻƺ֪ͦʲôô
ģ֪ˣһţһϲɱѰͱۣϲȥģǳȣ˵
ǳʲôطѯʡ
ģҪһʵǰҲĵۼغгǵʵǰȻ򣬳Ҫ֪ȣϡеĶҪȥû˴˿̻͸¶һ˿
ڳȣ㻹֪ʲô·˺ɫû뵽ﾹȻôһط
ȣĳ˵ڣû˽һҴ̽ϣҾ˵ÿһֻ꣬ܽһΣ⣬ʥ֮һ׿ţҲһֱͣڳȵĸۿڣ֮ǰʥ֮һ׿ʧܾˣҲ֪ʥ֮һȻһҴ󴬣Ѿˣ˽ĺϸȴ൱𺳵Ϣ
Ѿ³˵ĵĴֻ˺һ壬ǰȳȥˣҲ˵Ҫҵһ壬ԼҲȥһ˳ȡ
һ⣬ȥȣʲô𣿡ҲղŶ˵ǵʵǰԲдһʡ
ûУǳΧĺ޷ˣֻǰУʱûײеĺ;ͺ֣ûһʵûнȣѾˣҲΪԭ򣬲ŻϼУһ仰˵ǸЩûȵṩһƽ̨
ûҪʵˣֱӽԪ֧ԷǲģǶ˿ʹ죬ǹĲˡ
ڸĴӡϧϣˣҲǶͶأոǸ˵ʲô
ԭߴ˾ȻԶ̫ˣϧϣǼףԼһǶĶˡ
뿪һ룬ȴû̻ȥ
ȻҪȣôƴЩѣҪһ´죬󣬶ҪжԭϵϿǲá
ϼ۵Ĵֻʵ˵벻۾ЩԼԭҡ
ʱǰһСһЩľʷֻһˮַεͷһˣֻһƷ
Ǿһñӡ
ñǵ͵Ĵñ滹һ֧ëʮֹӣЩƾˣ֮⣬ñӿȥûκ֮ټˮֵĴرС˵һСҲΪԼûǰȥѯʡ
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ԪӦر̬Ļ϶Ҳֻɨһ۾͹ȥˣЩôɺϡ
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Ժܳʱˣû˴
ϸӦһ󣬵ȷǿԸоһƾɵñ̺żΪ޵Ԫ
룬ӿȡˮԪһҴļװϣȻֽһñתߡ
˭˭ɵӣȻڱѾɵӵĴʣʵ
Ȼǣ
õñӵ˲䣬ȷһ£һñӲ򵥣ٿ϶ֵˮԪģʲôãҪһо֪


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򵽶̾ߣûһ˿顣
·ڴ˯ˮ֣ͻȻװϳɶѵˮԪҲ΢΢һ㶣Ϳһȡñӡ
һ̣ˮðһ˿Ĺ⣬ıӰһۣһ˭ĻȻһӣϵˮԪһʣߡ
һĻȻ죬в˿ЩΪˮֲ֪ǿˣˮ־Բ򵥣ǶǸˣóôˮԪٲȻѾеһ㡣
ںϼУΪصԭû˻ʲôںϣͲһˡ
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ܿ˴ôʻ뺣ϼУͬʱϸоﻨˮԪ򵽵Ĵñ
ñʮƾɣϸţŵһζǿóñӵʵطǳãŪһûκη֣룬ǽͷԭŵİñժһñӴȥ
˲䣬һֵĸо
ȣԼҰƺ֮࣬⣬ܸоµ̹źŵġڡԼµһСƬˮִڸоǣԼƾٿشֻһ㺣ˮ
мͨôֻ٣Ȼ̹źŵٶϸ࣬ԿǺˮγһɲˣŴֻǰС
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ʱ򣬸tͽ߹׷ˣٶȺܿ죡
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û뵽һ׷ľȻǣߣ˿ı飬ȻڵıЩء
֮ǰ͸о˴ϣһԪļĸֽ׶ΣԸԪĵˣЩգԪļǾЩ˵ˡ
Щ׷϶ǲ⣬Ϊ˴٣ԼһˣʵѹƵ£ʤ㲻󣬲Լڲһˡ
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ȡһЩͨĿᣬָ˴ϵˡ
￨һȵ˿ˣҵȻ̼пƬҪԪǲõģѾ׼ˣһսҪȫ߶֣ȡԷĴ󴬣ûģޱȣǱѾʮֽŵĴԼϧϣûڣһҲȥ崬ֻڣȴǸҡ
飬˿ֻһˣٻūͣҲٻ˶Ļôū͵ͿԴﵽѹƶֵĿġ
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ļƻūͺͷǣסˣԼŻɱԷΨһԪļ
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һж׼úϧϣʹӽ˼䣬ȻǱ뵽˺ڰС
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Ԫļԣ˵ĿǰչȥռƵĴӺϧϣˣҲΪԪļֵļ룬ܾ֡


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ڣԶ֣ΪʱѾԪļͷ졣
ǸԪļ˹սʿ˲䣬ͻȻðһӰһ֣Ԫļ˵Ҫ̱һѪ⡣
۴γ˿ھȻ޷Ѫ·ҪǮİӿԷ̵Ļףذ׵Ĺ£ֽͬƬһ㡣
͵ϮȻȻһ֣ԪļϾԪļͷȻܵشһצ͵Ϯһæͷٶȸ죬ȻѾҪһء

Σͷ۾һɣȫ߶δ֣ڵԪֻܴ߶һΣԻһҪסһʧܣǱɡ
ڶԷͷҲɱۣûϵк֣ճֱӱδֽԴ˸顣
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ѪⱩ𣬽ҹȾĸѪȣͷʬ屣ųǰԵһ졣
ɫ԰ףôߣ϶ᱻ˿ѾߣĿǰʵ߶δֱɱһԪļȻǽԪ˸ɾֻǿվҪٶֶܡ
֪ԼĻҪ鷳ԼʵȻһһļѧƿ׻꿨ķһ죬һͨˡ
ͨ˸ˡ
һһɣҿ϶ҵһ壡˿ҧ֣ͬʱһͷѾһɱ˲־ܣ
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ʲôЩ嶼ɱˣһԺģӵ̼ʮ˵ѪУʣµСèֻҲת棬ܿͱɱ
һ󺣷紵һɹѪζǻһЩûôսŮɫһףҪ£ɱڣҲңֻţû³
УޱȣǿޱȣȻ׾ͽɱ˶Ǿη
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ڻάֶãͲ֪ˡ
װϣϧϣʹӰ˶ʬʬ壬ϴװϴװ壬ռսƷҪһЩûκһ˸͵͵սƷ֪УѾ䣬˵ĻǱҪصɷ
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˵˿̺˲ѪľҺ֮󣬲ǻָһЩ֪Ժ󲻵򲻵ѣδһɱǲҪõĺãǰԼʵǿԪļȻʹãڲˡ
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մӺϼ򵽵鱨ĵʻȥӵдĺñٶȱǰıٶȣʱͿԸϵȡ
˴ڵĶҲϧϣ֮ǰõսƷһ˳ϧϣһСϣȷһ·˴յķš
˿վԴͷһľǰһҴ󴬿ǰУò˵ûһñǵõһҴ󴬣ҪϵҲԲһ׵飬Ϊû㹻ˮôǰС
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ˮԪڿķǵ൱ֵãԼռ˴ˣ뷨һñӾǼ۸ٶʮٱ
Ǹñӵˮ͸ܾöԷЩ֣ҲпǸо󣬱ϾԼĸоҲκʱ顣
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˵ͷкܶ޴ĴԭЩﻮģ⵹ҲãϾҪúñƴ󴬺УֻԼѵʱ򣬿ԼϢǾͲˣЩ˿๤ʡ¡
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ֿ˿ϧϣ˵ĿʯȻϺԪⶫǺʨǶںֿʯӦøֵǮŶԣ׼Щʯȥ


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ڴһȦϤʼգϧϣǱһֽͬһں档
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ǣϧϣͷô˵Ҵ󷽵ˣҲǵһοˣôսƷ϶ǶռУԲָµġ
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ϧϣٻصǰֹ¶־Ͷδ壬ԣԺˣȥʲôطҪš
ΪһŮˣϧϣȻ֪Ů˵ʱֻгΪ˵ŮˣԼ˳˳ĸߣȻϧϣôΪԼ棬ΪЩϲˡ
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뵽ϧϣҡ㣡
׼¶ģ߻Щţ˿ϧϣоԼӶЩˣָָЩڴЩţԼ˵˿̵顣
һŮ˶ô˵ˣȻ֪ԷҪʲô˵ʵϧϣǳƯĸ֫޳һŮ˵иֻҪ˶Ů˼ûʲôֿ뵽ԼѾϼã˵ʵǿ˿ӵжŮˣĹЩء
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Ӻܿ͸㶨Щ˿Ϣʱ˿ҲỮôС
캣Ϸƽ˾磬Ӻͽվڼװϣź棬һ˿ء
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ЩͬѰ
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Ըȥ˴ͬʱϴĺñȫ߶ֻǰнȡһͨһƬ
ܶʱʵ״̬ǲͬġ
ոպûãͼǰһһСڵ㣬СڵԽԽ󣬺ȻǼɫĿ촬
Щ촬ǰкִܶżͷŹֵĳ࣬ΪЩǣԶԷٶʮֿ죬ܿ׷˹

֪ɫĿ촬ʲôˣ鱨Ķ˵һƬ޷˵ĺֶֻ
һǿֲĺ֣һǺ
ЩһʵרŴȵĴֻ
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ЩǵԪ壬еصˣҲдȻˣȣЩΣգϾٶ˵ѾǼҳ㷹
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Ǻ壬ӵԣˮºҲӵԴںϣ͵սʿ
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ػǹʼսʿùֳ֣УһЩū֮ͣūϣ൱ĸ߶ˡ
ͬһ㣬Щһֲһʼ˲ٵֱµ˼˻ϵķԷһֱȼ֮⣬Լٻù֣ػǹЩĴֱɱ
Ҳһʼõս
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ͻϮɹ֮ڻУúñȻ٣ײ˶ԷһҴ롣
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ϵĺһŭޱȣһһջֱȡһŹֵľģô
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һ̣ҲǸоһǰδеΣУͻȻӴһͷƤ飬˿̴µĺһҪʮĺӰ
ʲôüͷӺϧϣҲ쳣µĺӰҲһɫ԰ףеվվȡ
˭֪ܿһͷ޴ޱȵĺ֡
ҲǿЦô޴ĺ֣ԼڵʵܽԷһײԼһСҪ顣
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һʮһ 
˻ңֳ棬Ǹûоھ޴ޱȵһֿ־У˿̣ΧǸֱľս
һֻ޴ޱȵĹ꣬ǹǣͬһ޴ޱȵĵһ㣬ǰڹͷһ۾ͱȴҪֻҪһ죬ͿԽ̽ӡϧϣ϶һƬҺ;ֹѾǵǵ֪Χ˿޺ͽкһȾźãȻʹ͡
ͬʱðһͷǾˣΪûˣֹĶ֡
޴ޱȵڹ׼ҪСеʱͻȻһ·ǿô˼һĻһ޴۾ǿ־壬һһͷ޴ޱȵĺŵĶǾ̿ʼ³ȴǷǳСģŪϵĴһֱ¸ں֮ϣڹǱ뺣УƬ֮䣬Ͳ֪߮˺δ
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һһȥʱ伫죬˭ûзӦҲ֪ʲô£Ǵϵ˶ע⵽һ㣬޴ͬһڹ걾޴ޱȵѹһУ̳Զûκ⣬ϷԵߣȴΪˡ
ԣ˶ע⵽ϸڡ
Ǹ޴ޱȵڹ꣬ǿ˺¶־ޱȵȻߣƺ˾һ㡣
У˵ĵλѾﵽһĸ߶ȣ˿һȣ˵ʲôǾʲôԲһ˿һĻˡ
ԶǼϵҲһţǿ֪Ǿ޴ĺǵ˽ǵġƽʱǱһƬֻҪսľͿԽгˡ
ǰѲǶгеľͺ꣬Է˴̳ȥҲԸǾͺһʳֻһΣȻǳ
ͺΪʲôûйЩˣֳִĵ˺һҲûзӣֻۿߣΪĶǴѾԷȫɱԷս൱ֱӹĻڣ޷˵ĺ򣬱ҪֶǴٶȼ
˵ߣڴ䵽ʱʹôĺñ߶ֻٺУղǸ޴ڹҲһڹ꾹ȻһﵽԪ弶ĹҪǣԷһ
ֳǲһԪȼģǵͣǺصͻƵƤױȵ޵еĴڣ˵ڵʵڶʱ̵δڹ
ȻԷҪԼĴûһ취
ʱڹ꽫嶥ʱҲǽ֣ʱӼתӦԷԴ飬ʱκιֶζûãֻʱ뵽Ǹ޶Ūġݡ
ⶫʱԿưҰޣֻδ߶ķֻ˿ۿԼ˾Ҫ̳ԣֻǽȡҽܴܲȷɣסڹꡣ
ȻҲ֪ԼɹĿԼСܹһԣȡݻûüǾڹһ۾Ϳݣͬ˹һ㣬ŵĶӡ
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ʱ䣬Χ˷ˣȻѾ뿪޷˵ĿֲҲ˿ô˿๤ǻȥϢ
ڴڣоһݣûκջ񣬵ôݶһһξ˴ó˵Ժõϵʱ
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ǴҲϧϣģȻǰϧϣϵõĽҲ͸һϵҪõĺôǺʧϧϣΪ˽˹ϵͶЩŮѧжչˣȫһͬʣҲǰĽùϵԶ˲١
ʱ򣬸tһΦϺ˵ǰ淢һЩֻĲкƺˡ
Ǻ߷ȥϧϣ֪С²ҪϱˣԼͿҲ˸Ȩ
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˲ǣʮ˶࣬ŮһӪģһҴ󴬹æȡ
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ϧϣ˵ͷǵĴϣʵϻЩٶʮҲû⣬Ծûʲôͬ˵ģ࣬ҲҪһЩϾ֮Ĳޡ
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ʱ֣߳װ壬򴬺еķǿһ޴ޱȵĺӰ֡
ϸԿǾȻһҳ
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֪УҲйߵģڣǸɫ׵˾Ǵĳһǿġ
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̿ǸǾޱȣΪҪ뿪ˣû뵽ԷǸýʿ󣬾ȻǲˣϵɱԽŨ
ʱ̿ýʿ֪𣿡
̿Ǵ˿Щˣһ̵Ȼ֪ĶˣǾ˵һϣѾʮʮͷǿļƴɱǱֲսˣû˭֪ǵʿǺܸߵġ
̿ǵĻࡣ
ʮ춼ƴɱҶֶԪļֲùýʿϻôഴˡ
ʱ򣬴һ߳ҰޣͬһϣһǼ̵ĺԼһͷ߳ʮ׵İ
ʣﶼԪļļеٮٮߣǸˣִ֫ץһ棬׶೤
ǺˣǺһ˵ǰȡùʮʤû뵽ᾹȻ˳ʤǲ˵ˣһԣһһ˾ȻϳĹʮ˽⡣
ⷬ߬ȭͷԪĸӦȻǱ˲Ტ۵ģǴԪǿϣһͼ̵ĺ˺ͰͲȹʿȷҲǴﵽɫƷʵԪļĴýʿδܻʤ
ɫʱԼʵȫʢʱڣǿжִ߹ýʿԼʵӡڻ꿨УͨԪ磬ĶǻûгɹͷԷɵˡ
ˣҲ޶ԣʿ˵Ѿһūͣһ𲢼սսѺͻ飬鱻˵ʲôҲҪǳ
룬һץסǸ̿ǣȻʵһ⣬ҿܲ
̿Ҳɵ̾ͷӦ˹æһū͵Ȼû⣬ýʿͺϡг̶ȵᶼǲ۵ģǵҡǮȥġ
ģôģʵ
ԼūͲսȻҪ֧ԪӮˣָҪԷūͣˣҲһҪԼȥͬʱҪ⸶һԪ֮ɳū͵ԪȼܳԷԪȼҲ˵ֻԪļζġ˵£̿൱Уһ̰Ǻ޳ܣ˵еĹضǶģƹƽʵȴһ㶼ƽ
Ͼ۽ΣΪľֵġׯҡᶼ׬⡣Щ˵޹ؽҪˣȻҵ˹ýʿζҪߡ
뵽һ߶˼䣬ȻһȣȻǴģ϶Ҫɡ
Ӧȥһ˻
Ѿͺ˵ˣͬǵĶľ֣ȴ˵ˣҪȼһսߵԪȼ
˵ͷȻý·˹ȥһڡ
ĹҲǳȵڶһݵ㣬м壬ȴ¶ЦǺǵı顣
ôǺɳūֻĶԪȼܳļҪ֧ǧԪܲμսս߲СˣҲǸŲԪҲ˵ģȻӮˣǹýʿ͹ǡ
˵һòªˣճޱȣϼĴǸȥޱȣȻһ˾Ĺ¡
˿ЦֹȻ˭սڼϾ˵ܻпʱ
ǹýʿǷǳ˵ãսʱǲݣҪôԼҪôɱˣҲ˵սʤˣҲԲܴǻܴ׬һʶעӮǺᶼӮҡ
ͬ⣡£ͷ˵ͽ֮ǰõģɽ棬ǡսߡҲǺһ涨һʬˣȻֻý档
˿̴ýʿͺԼѾɱ˹ؼʱ̣գԾǹýʿʤ
˺Ͱһһʤѷ֣ǹýʿҲܴС
һսսߺ͹Լýʿս
һŹֵԲսߵԪȼٻɭ棬óֵǿūͣ׼ļʵаķķԪļķ̫⣬һϳǧʯǻ鷳
ȶɭвԣ׼ļʵȻȻûбӣԹԪȼ󣬺¶һŹֵɫ·𿴵һ񾭲һ㡣
ȷɱһԪȻҲսһԪļϣĿһȻһߵĽҽ㻻һˣǣǺгҪŪ


һʮ ֮
ãϣ͵õ⣬ȻǼֵڴΪʲôֻԪֻ֪֪һˣ־ڹ궼ܱߣֳôκδ
ԣһ㶼ġ
Ȼı˵Ҳֻһ䣬Էֻ֣һЦǲٶԣԪﲻҪ
ܿ죬սҪսʤϵ̾ʹˣ̿ʼ̽սߵ鱨֪ս߾Ȼһ׼ļһԪˣǷ˺ôЦ
˵ǲ˿ýʿովһսҪˮ㣿һ˴˿˵
⣬Ҫ֪ýʿǲϵϵܸоƣ룬սһٳûϵ֪˵ս뽫Ӯȡýʿǽﵱɱ֮ǰ׿ϵҪﶼܾΪսӮܵõȨҲ̫ˣǺµסһƺ˲Ϣ˿Ц˵
ŶʲôףѵսӮˣỹ˲ɣһʡ
˵ǲᣬǺвݵսǽԷɱֻ߶Էɱܽսǻ᲻Ͻ˵£ս߼ӮˣҲòҲΪʲô׿ϵûвμսԭ򡣡ǸС˵º
һǳ׽˵ɻ󣬵ǰթģҲûӣ˼ҾҪģô
Ŀսߵʵǰٷ֮ٻ䣬Ҫ֪֮ǰҲһЩýʿμսǿﵽԪļĸ֣һƴɱȴǱİǼʱ䣬˾ȳ˵Ѿýʿɵˡ
Զ˶֪һԪ弶֮ǿĴڣȴǲԪ弶˲μӣǺľ֮
Ȼսǿ϶Ҳжľ̿ڵģһμ˶Ѻ˹ýʿϣϾֻҪϹӶ֪һεս߸ӮȻΪƽ⣬һսϵʸߵˡ
ȻҲ˶սߣҲѺϣȾǽʵǰķԸѹһԪԼϡ
Ѻעʱ򶼴ˣҪ֪ѾﵽһʮҲ˵ӮˣǽõʮԪ
һ֣ͬʱڴóһԪѺעҲý˴ı൱ġ
ôȻаٷ֮ٻʤģԲѺעͺȻԿһľӶԷһѻǿġ
˽Ѻȴ̿ǡ
һܻ飬ܸо˲򵥣ղɢɱ̿ǴûмЩڳŵĸҲû̶ֳȵɱټʸߣѡһѣ˾ˣӮˣܷ̾׬һѡ
һѺעϵģȴһˮַͷֻ˭ûע⵽ͷ
˿ɭ棬߽˴ǹýʿ֮һŴִĹ룬ֻҪսʼͻ̳߹
һ̣ȴһΧ۵о˼Ķ
̧һӣȻǽɭ
ҪʲôѵҪһԹýʿһֱһ˼顣
ɱɱ˲ˣַɱһҲ˵Ĺ۵㡣
˿˵ʲôĶУһⶼΪս߷ˡ
Ҳһ죬ȻЩԾҲ벻ͨĹؼǿɲΪһԪܻ׼弶Ĺýʿ
˻Ӧе׼Ǹ˴˿̶һµȥ߶ƿƬýʿԵʱݣҹţǸߵļһһ͵䣬ɡ
ǣ˵ȥȥˡ
ȻҲķƹýʿǿƵķһĿƿƬ
ɭ棬ֻԼڴУȻԼİţΪ֪ýʿܶԼ֣ϡеĸߵȼūҲӵһ˼άģԼǵˣƾһ㣬ýʿͲܶ֡
£ԼƾһͿջعýʿȨҲһʼ⡣
ʱ򣬴еԪͻȻһ䣬汻Ĺýʿ˫ͻȻðһɳâײ֮⡣
һ㶡
һ̣޶Ѿʼ˫ĹͻȻߣýʿ̳˹
ҲǼæʼս뿴ǣǸһԪֶܼãȻҪɱӦòŶԣѾ˿ʼ̣˻ڼڱ˺Ƭ
Ȼ֪룬ʮֳԾΪոԪʱ򣬹üʶȻ·һ㣬ʼԼǼƿûһ㻨ӣҪԼء
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Ϊеƣۺôֶһûжܣûȡֻ̧֣Լʣ಻Ԫעָϵ䡣
ռƣһöڣκϵﶼܹΪһ̣֮
۹ýʿûбƣǶܹԼ
е˿˿ˣΪԷҪɱΪԷ㲻ܣûȡһʱҲЩģҲ˿ǻΪԷʲôֶΣڿʵǶˡ
ۿýʿѾǰֻҪֹ̾ܽԷɱʱ˸е˼һĻˡ
ϵûнͻȻһۿйǻһȻڵأ˳̬
ô£˴ˣ˵пһĻ˶ˡ
ײеĹýʿȻ˳ôܣ
ھУζ䣬ǰֵ䶼սߣûгֹĵһΡ
һ̣˾֣ýʿߣ˴ݲȵ˳
һ£˲ˣϵǵҡǮôôͱôߣ˳˳


һʮ ˴
˴һһɷĳ֣Ѿ߳ȴûһ˿һľš
϶⺣Իٹ涨һοǳԶˡ
Ȼ˵˻ûзѣһȴ߹ˣͷһһ磬ϵƤֱͬƤһ壬ͷһƬƬͬһĶȥʮֳªǺʣһ֣һ֪һԪ弶
һ֣ǰȻͬƤһҲǺˣҵλߡ
ƤС˵˼䣬ɫ˼£Ȼŵͷûм鷳ȻѾǴŨŨɱ⡣
еĺԱһɱ
һĻҲֻЦһֽͼƻˣô˵棬ԼҲǰչ£鷳ǵֱɨأԺ˭ҺǴ򽻵
˵ģĶľԺǾͱٿȥˡ
϶ǺŽԼǧУҲԲܵô˵涯֡
ǴޱȣΧΧ۵Ŀɿڴڸղǲ˼ľתСȻЩѺעڹýʿϵ˶ˣϵǴ׬׬
̿һղſԪһξˣû뵽ȻɹˣһԪֱӷʮǧԪ
̿ڳȵײ˵ǧԪԸıǽĹ켣̿Ѿ룬ԼһȻӶһЩѰҸֱأʹҪ̫ࡣ
˿̺Ҳװ߹ϲͽ
˭֪ǳ׵ĵ˺ᣬһлᣬͻὫ˳Ըͷʣ
£ҲûǰǸԪ޼ƤˣǶԽȥǵĶעȡʮԪǿúóһʱˣ
һǰĻȥһĽ
Ļ˶Ƥһ飬ǸԪ弶ƤƤӲޱȣ˿ҲǶ˶ȻʮԪǶǺ˵ҲһС֣Ŀ֮ҲܾܾںѾˣ˸϶ԷȻɵʱʮԪҲȡˣ뵽ǲ԰
źǴɱЦݣҲΪȻҪ˵ﺣᣬ͵ˣ޷˺еĺںģôǳ֪ԼɱĽ㣬һһҴˣȻ͵˺ᣬҲںٶһأծ಻
ңźûκκøУúѪ飬˭ɡ
Ƥ˺˻ǣװԪʮȡ֮Ǵ뿪
ģһԪ֪ʲô취ѱ˹ýʿҲǺĺô˸һὫɵԪûƤ˿뿪֮ɭɭ˵
ǣ᳤ģ˻죡һҲһݣȥ˸١
ûã͵õϢٵҵǸ˵֮һҴľϢúܻ
Ϊǵ˺ܿϳһľǰһ޷˺һҴɱǸ
ԭǣƤ˴˿һɱ³ɺޣ˻ûгԹִ
᳤ѾźˣȥԷȫɱҲһջĹϽΧȥʮԪ׷ΣǳԲ˶ߡ
գ˵Է֪ʲôǺػ޹꣬Բܳһ˿©һȥƤ˳˵
Ǻĸ᳤ʵﵽԪ弶۷壬ֶμ࣬һЩʵǿԪܴƽ֣˵λ᳤Ƥʵɵǰ
ôһȷΪ˷ֹԷߣֱʣһƤ˽ġ
ԷۺʵǿȴǿǺػ޹꣬Ҫ֪ػ޹ǳԪĸֶֻߡ
ǺܳΪȵڶҲΪػ޹ڵԵʣȻػ޹겢ūֻۣһЩʱܵǰæǴûгֹԵʱܵ
ıƤ֪϶ǶԷʲôǿһסػ޹ꡣ
ΪʲôҪԳֵΪһ
ȥԷֻΧ˶ǲɢסҪ͵͵УҪöԷȥһжòÿĴʦֵʱΧһû֪ʲôһϢҲԶžԷߵĿܣƤʮǰѾ߳ˣʱһλ֮ż뺣ᣬԾḻ
̵ͷȥš
˿̵ѾǻصϣȻԸ˲ҪԼԼĴա
ҪȲ鿴һ¹ýʿһյū»صߣȻʵһ࣬йýʿڣҪԸԪļڻ£Ҳƴź߶δˡ
ýʿ˺ۣһЩطѺۣ𣬲˵ûκ⣬䵱УСǿӡģֹǿӿǿԵһЩǿϵ޸ϵˡ
ֻҪһϣýʿͿԻָ
˵ʵһжЩðˣòðýʿԼôã罫ǵͬ飬ͬ鱻ǿ϶Ҫȵģ˿̱ʵѹƵ̫ūкܶ࣬ûһرģķΪ⣬ع⣬ͨһԪļûʲô⣬ˣֻԪ弶ĸ֣鷳ˡ
ջعýʿ˵ҲǷǳҪһ£ǿūڣһԪ弶ûκв
ںıԶ϶Է϶ưոݣϾǳȣͬƵĵطǺҲӦò֡
ֻҪȵԼҵһ壬õƻ꿨طôֱӺͺᷢͻҲ£Ԫ弶ǰɱ١
ʱȥ̽ϢҲص˴ϣֱһЩõϢой콻׻ϸڣ֮⻹һҪϢǾٹ죬ǳȵһ̽ա
ν̽գȴǺͳһҳйأ˵޴ޱȣڴһû̽Ѿ̽򣬶иֱأ̽գǽһҾ޴ޱȵĳӡ
̽һֻһΣΪƽ޴ĳΧһ޷ƵԪֻ֣ضʱŻɢν̽յ


һʮ ˮ
£ںϼеʱ˵˵ʵĻǺһ壬Ľ׻ͷһкһۣ㾡Ҳ֣Ͼǰ׬ʮԪټ֮ǰĻҪºһӦò⡣
ʱͻȻ۾һһ䣺ã
һ̣˴գһиһ
֪Լʧˡ
ΪȣٲҲ϶ʱǻԼû뵽ᾹȻֳ𲻸ҹ֯ͬʱѳȵĹط
˿ѾҹɫŨܺںһƬ¹⣬ɿԿΧͣĴֻȥͰûʲô𣬵ܸоԼһҴ֮⣬Χ׷Χ֮ڣߵһ˶ûˡ
˲ԪӦʮܸо
ȻֻΪºͺйϵϾΧֻϵ뿪ֻɺϣټΧһողúõĸ뿨ôȷǺҪˡ
ĶǳΣٳ֮⣬ϧϣʹӵûκ˲ף˲֪һʦΧ󿨣ôܲ
˼ת֮£֪ڵѾ˷ǳΣʱ̣˼ȻҶ֣һȫ֮ߣ˵Ԫ弶ĸ֣ԼȻһ˹ýʿĺͺӲģû˿ʤ㡣
鷳ˣת˲֮Ѿ֪࣬µǳΣȴûʲôӣҲǳͷһθо˵ı
ΪʵѹסֶܶζʩչҪµֲ¡
ʱϧϣպÿװϵһæ˹
ôˣϧϣܸо˴˿ЩżȻı飬ѾʮϤһ۾ܿ⡣
ͷ˿ϧϣȻ̾˿˵Լϧϣǿ϶Ҳ꼰㣬ҪҲˡ
ȻЩԼ⣬ҲȻҪ̳ԼҲҪǿĵ
뵽Ƕס񣬻ָ侲
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ܿ죬һǿޱȵĵ˻Ƿʮа˾ŲǶ֣ܻܿȫѵ£һΡ
һΣϧϣ֪ôˣֻҪܺʹһʲôҶ£
˵ͷһȡһö䡣
⿨ҲսƷ֮һвǿ￨ͷԼԪͿ᲻ͬ⿨ļֵҪһ£ˡ
һΣⶫóϧϣΪԼһҳϣһϣԼҳϵľˡ
ȻһöָԼϧϣȻˣһ˲ˣòָӹ䣬ֻǵ÷ŻȻ
һһս㾡Ϊл߾ߣԥ£ֻһ˵Уңںȫ׼֮£ܲӳȥҲδ֪֮Ψһ̣ԼҲһʦȻΪԪԪ޷óߵȼĿ󣬵Ҫƿ˵ĿӦû¡
ȥ˳׼ս˵꣬ϧϣʹϽָͷȥһȫԱ˳ÿ˶֮ǰոմӺϾһҲһ
󲿷˶֪ʲô£ֻдӡȼ˼ǽ˿ɫףѾµôˡ
ǶԴʮΣΪʲô鷳Ҳһܸ㶨
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ʵϾͬ᱾ҪɱȥҴͷľǸﵽԪ弶Ƥˣߣа˸ԪļݣҪɱԷֱ׾١
ûн뵽ΧС
Ϊһסǡ
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óƤȻô˵ǶˮּɵޱȣƺԷ뿪治ȥ
ˮִ˿ȡһ˵Сӵĸ׬һԪǷôһ飬ʱͱˡ
㡭Ƥһʲôƨɣ⻰ɲ˵ˮаŵĺܣǰƤ˾ڶԷԹ൱ɵˮִҪ£治Ӳ
ȥɣ⼸춼ҲСֶΣǺᣬ˵ʵһ˿ǲǣǼһҲǶֻ֣һˣǻǳȥ㻹ҵĶ֣ˮָ¸һЦĿȻһ䵶
Ƥⷬԥãҧҧתߡ
ͬˮ˵ģǶ֣ǼǼҲһȻˮִҪ£Ҳûӣ֮Ǹߴ߹ýʿӮ˺ʮԪûӶԸˣƤȻôװݡ
ڻȥ·ϣƤһһĶߵµסһӼһȣҪôǲμӽ׻ᣬҪôΪ̽նǰߣ뿪Ǿ׷ȥ֣Ϊ̽նǸãǿֵģʱһȥˣ;Իزˣˮ֣ҳҪʰ
һѪȷɱ¾ȴ˶Ϣġ
ˮֿƤ뿪֮󣬲Ťͷ˿˼Ȼϳˮ֮ǰںϼ֮ñǸˮ֡
ǧ䣬Ҳõ˽⿪ʱˣִ£ôһƣ˵꣬ˮֱֻλƵ뿪ֻƬ̾˺ڰС


һʮ ׻
ԤϵϮû٣һСʱ̽һ£֮˸ԻȥϢ
ΣȻǽˡ
ȻҲЩŹ֣˵Щ˼飬ǵȷûܵκι
ǺͻȻķֻǱģֻ֪֪ʱǰȫˣҲеҪָʵ
ȻԤеϮûҲûջظϧϣĿ䣬Ǹһر
˵ڶΧָֻЩֻ³֣˿κε⣬֪һǷʲô飬򺣵᲻ܽѾҵļʸ·¡
ǳн׻ٰӣ˵׻ǿ϶ҪμӵģΪڽ׻ϣֺܻܿһ塣
Դ磬ʹϧϣʹ뿪׻ٰĵص㣬¿
ϧϣʹӶǴˣһδҲܰæ
Ƚ׻ٰĵصһ󴬣ҪԼһҴʮеǾĴͿ֡
ϴμӽ׻ᣬҲҪ֧ʮԪķãһһʮţ˵ʲô
˿̣ӿһҴ󴬡
кܶά򣬶һҴ󴬵ĴڣȻһĿռ䣬еǾԺһǰ漸һЩλ֮⣬ĶǿյأͿɸˡ
Ⱥ󴬲գȻһվã͵Ž׻Ὺʼ
˵ֻĺһ塣
ʱƣ޴ͬԺһĴΪǰλȻֿطЩӵûλˣμӽ׻Ҳǡ
Ͼڽ׻ϣԹҪĶ
ʱǰһȺˣȫˣƼǿһ֪Щһˣò˵һ岻һ壬һģʵĶԪļԪ弶Ҳ
߽ģȴǺˣƤˣ˿Ƥ˽֮󣬱ǿ¿һۣò˵Էǳã˲ҵڣȴǺݺݵɹһۣҲû飬Ǻһһҵλá
źļƣȻǽԼˣֵǣŪΧ˲úÿЩûж֣ʵЩѽ⡣
ģһȺ顣
ʣЩǳȵ׿ϵֻ׿ϵ鲻֮ǰֿƮƮ˿⼸ֱһףЩ׿ɲγɣǻʵףޱȡ
Щ߽Ҳǵλϡ
һ塢׿飬˿̶Ѿֻ֮䲢ûнȻҲвٽ١
ǲǾͻͶ׺ݵ۹⣬̬Ҳ˵ע⣬˵վߵ壬˿̾Ͷһ
ȻһӦǵ˺ᣬΪʮֺñϣҲڴΧҲ׻ģȻǽ߹ýʿԼӮ˺ʮԪ¼ǻȻ֪Ϊʲô⼸ˡ
֪£˱ǾܵĶ㿪ˣһúΪһģǿûط˵ȥֶγϵ˶֪Ǽֱûκεߣ˺ˣ˵ɡ
ѾˣȻ⣬ˮڣ캣ûж֣ǿ϶˼ɣ٣Էڶ֣ѾˡΧÿγһСյأ˿࣬ȸղӵҪ̹ö࣬һӵȺгôһСյأȴʮ
һ˺Ҳע⵽ߣֻǿһ۾Ͳٹע
ͬϣ϶ûж֣ܣֻ֪ԭ
˿һߵȺУһˮȺаվƺΧĻӰ죬żˮ۾Ǳߴߵǻ¶һ˿ڴ
ܿ죬׻˵Ļпʼ
ֽ׻ģȻһò绨Ů壬˵һ壬½ϣǻữΣˮУǵ°ʺӾ
̵Ŀ׺Ů㿪ʼ˽һ׵ƷȥȻһһܣÿһƷ˽мۡν׻һᣬܼ򵥣۸ߵá
иֿƬһЩʣӵıĳ죬һЩ󴬣֮Ŀ
Щ˵ûһô˵۵ūͣҲǶģﵽԪļ൱٣ҿӣԶԶȲϹýʿ
׻һֱϽе磬һֱţһֻʵﵽԪӵѰҺױľ֮ǸŮվɤӵһƷŴѾǾõˣΪǳءΣյĳкܴĹϵ˵ӵ֮󣬿ԴһЩǸطص򣬵õǰδıûǸطǳһҳһƷǺһ壡
˵꣬Ůһ֣󼸸ǿ׳˾һ˹ŵĺȻһ޴ˮ䣬͸͸ˮڿһ
һĸֵʱǾһڵȵˣǸϵ˹Ȼǲ׽˺һȳۣ֡
֮⣬ҲЩľ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪǸŮ˵⺣һ徹ȻǸĳйϵҪһЩ򣬻Ҫ⺣һſԡ
һʼΪ⺣һֻһϡеڿô¶һͬŮ˵ҪҪֱµĿԱǼС
һȻһ塢׿鶼Ǿһ𣬸Զչ¶ڱصõͷȻǳ⺣һġ
ʧ󣬴ʧ󣡡аֻһͨϡеƷԼʵҪӦò̫ѵ飬ڣһڱصõģԼĵõĿԼûС
һʱ䣬ʼ˼ƻ
ϸ˿ˮеĺһ壬ȴЩȣΪǺһ徹ȻһŮӡ
ֻŮϰˣ°ȴǾ޴ȫʺۣ֮֮⣬Ѥʵȥֱۼ
˿ֻ̣۾ˮһؿżΪѾˡ
ʱԭ˫۵ĺͻȻ۾·һ˫ͫ۾ͬʯһ㣬ƺһֳȥħ
ϸϸ۲һ£ȴͻȻ彩ӲͷϾȻһ亹
Ϊһܡ


һʮ ϻĺ
亹˳Ķͷȥ
ԪһҪԼԪȼһ׵飬˵չ¶ԪǿģԪиֿƬ͵߿ԼԪȼ
ͬڴμսʱʱ򣬲ԲǾһԪȼĵߡ
еʱЩ̽⿨Ƭ͵ҲᱻɱΣĿӵһЩطôЩ̽⿨Ƭ͵Ҳ޷֪ĿԪȼ
һ⣬ǾӵмΪԪ֪ˣͬͨԪӦԷԪȼ
˿̣ʮ޵Ĳ̨Ǹһ޹˷ƷȻһԪĸ֡
Լ˻ˣ
ûвöͷ亹ΪЩûףΪʲôһ˵Ʒĺһ壬ȻԽֳǧ˶ɱĳ֡
оҲδŮһĶ֡
ΪʲôҪʵ˵һҽ֮ǰһǱŵǿץߵģƬ̣ϵһƬƬںС
ЩģôһֻһֿܣǾǹġ
ǹⱻץȻ󱻴ȣڴ֮ǰ϶˲ԹԪȼΪ֪ûʲôвԲŻ޷һ㱻ˮ䵱С
ǿԼ侲ãƺȫԼİѿغԤϣô죿⺣һʦĴڣԼܴӶԷеõ꿨Ŀط
һʱҲЩ
Ҳ֪ô£ܾãֻڿԼʵ˫ͫ޷ֱӡ
һ̣±۾˿
ղŵѹʵ̫ˣֻϧ᳡ֻһ˲Ůʵ
ʼ˼룬оȻԾĳ˸ոһ˫Ѥ˫ͫعʱ򣬲ŷִ˿Ѿʼϼˡ
ʱ򣬼۸ȻѾͻԪһڲֻǼغϣ۸ѾͻƵʮԪء
ʮԪڳг֮⣬˭ܳ
ǰҲУȻԳЩԪȻⲢյĳɽ۸
ȻƺһŮڱصã۸ܿͻƵʮԪ
ԪҪóҲʮˣ۸ڼǣΪ֮ǰĿֲֺ۸Դ˳۵˼ڵ鷢չѾȫѳƿˡԭΪԼԪҪһϡӦò⣬ԭһֻһϡеڿԼ֮ǰ뷨̫ģ˵ģҪԪ򵽺һĿѾûˣҪǰԻĺһõƻ꿨ط¸ϼѡ
ڿʼ˼ͬʱԺһĽмѾﵽһֲ֡
ʮԪ
˵󴬲ܳ۸ҲֻˣҪóʮԪҲԲ׾ٵ飬˿̴м۵Ҳ첱Ӵ֣ԪҲЩмܲסˡ
ʮһԪһ׿ϵܳ۸Ǻֻܷˣ۵ǸƤˣ˿ҧгݵ˵ǺᣬҪʮԪҲһΪѵ飬˵죬ӮʮԪʮԪǻܼӼۡ
Ȼһ̣һߴһ̽۸ӵ˶ʮԪ
һ£Ƥ˳ˣЦһȻصλϣȻûа취ˡ
ȥһ׿飬ǽеŭŵӮʮԪϡ
һǺʽʮԪδھа뵽Ƥ˸ݵڵķ˿ֻҲ֪ǸŹֵˮֲκͣ⼸϶ûӶֻ֣ٵȵȣƤѾǽһ˱ɱĶ
ʣµĽһ׿չˣ˲ǣһ׿龹Ȼǽ۸ֱʮԪ
۸Ѿǳ˺һ屾ļֵϾһֻܴ򿪸Ĵ󴬴գЩܵõĺôҲǲʮԪļֵһ壬ǿˡ
һ岻ɵԷˣֻȻܶ˶Ϊʲô׿ϵ˴Ĵһ塣
ôѾǳ䶨һյң׿ϵ顣
һЩƷѾû飬̴ϧϣʹ뿪˻᳡
ûлصϣϧϣʹȻȥԼǵ̿ǵǸưɸ˼СʱһϤıɫڹǵӰ
ȥ
̿Ǵ˿൱ĸˣ쿿Ŷľһ׬ǧԪ˵һ֣һԪһȻپһЩˮֳһҲһˡ
ǱȿϢҪ̫ࡣ
˿̣̿ǴҼˮ֣Ȼһ󴬣ȻҪһЩǿĿƬֺǺ׼ȳһû£Ȼٹ˼δʱȴǸоԼ˿ס˺ӡ
̿Ǿʹͷһ֮ɫһ˵Ļֱ˻ȥ
̻̿һάı飬ɫлһ˿¡
ܲ
ͷŵɱ̿Ǽ£ǿ˾ȻúԱ񣬲ǽĹýʿߣǿŶľ־˺ʮԪᶼ£ԸԼ׾٣
̿ʮֺ£Ѿ˵һ֣ڶԷֳʵ϶ҲǹαװĽԴŲɡ
ҹһЩ飡̿ǣȻͷߵһ˵Ľ䣬̿ȻµҪҲΥ˵˼ֻʵʵȥ
е֪׿ϵһ鱨ںһļ۸ǳԭļֵһ׻᳡˵϶Щ϶ԭ򣬱Ҫõһ塣
ҪŪԭ򣬻һᡣ
˵鱨̿ǵȷһܺõ鱨Դ
׿ϵ飬֪ʲôһֲĸ˵ҷƭֻǶأұ֤ڣʱֻܿвΪֻ̿ͷļһ˵ֻвõġ
Ȼ̿µҪȴǼæ֪һж˵˳
⵱УΪõ鱨ֻһע⡣
Ǿ׿һŮˣڼǰһ̽պͲ¶棬̿ǵõ鱨ǣһλŮڡ󴬡˹ܵشΣ֮Ȼ˳֡ơȴԸԭ
һֱڣŮûȬ
һ鱨֮뵽һϵе飬ƲһΪǳӽʵƲ⡣


һʮһ ˵Ů
׿ϵ֮ԻѳֵԪºһ壬¾ΪǸܵشûȬŮ
ҪóƲʵѣֻҪĿǰյһЩ鱨ˡ
ȼȻǵλߵŮˣһ޷ȬȻ׿һĲǿ϶뾡ǵŮָ
Ϣ̿˵Ѿ˼꣬Ҳ˵׿ϵ鲢ûʲôЧİ취ŮӦȬŶԡ
򣬾˵صģ䱦ĵطǡ󴬡ټŮٴܵ˴ˣҪŮȬĹؼڴڣνĽ廹ϵ˵ĵ
ƫƫһǿĳЩĹؼȻ֪һڴľΣȻ׻ϵ˶ô˵ǿ϶ûд൱ˡ
׿ŲϧʮԪºһ壬ֻΪ̽տ󡮴󴬡ıҪΪŮȻиֱҲ϶пĶ
ʮֿףѾѵ̿ǣصԼĴϣڵʱһļƻ
Ȼڴ֮ǰҪȥ׿ţûдĻŮһ¶˵һᡣ
ڵĿĺȷǾǺһ壬ȷе˵ǺһտԿƻ꿨ط
ǽ췢ļ£״ԭļƻ⵱ľǸԻŮһ塣
Ԫһܽʵȫ̽⿨̽Ԫȼĵ߸ãԼһ˿ƽѪĻ֪һʵ˵Ŀģ˵ҪһԪĸŪ꿨ĿطҲԲһ׵顣
˵ҲҪ쵽
һʵ϶ͼıҲ˵ʱӦòᱩ¶ԪȼΨһõһ㡣
Ĵǣ뷨Ӻ׿ϵӴŮΪ룬ȡͺһĽӴֻҪܺͺһӴ˻û꿨طĿԡ
֮Ϊ˵Ҳֻ֪һ˵һȻң˵ԼԴеõԼĺô
Ůһ㶼ģӵСʥ䡯ˣʥȻȫȴӵСǬѾĺ׶ܾȻֻһ˵ŮӦòŶԡ
뵽⣬һɫȻԸһϧϣԼҪȥ£ȻǳŶȥ
˵ڰ죬һͺƿȵĻôҹĻ֮µĳȣһ¡
׿һҾ޴ޱȵĴڳǵڶĴ壬һĴȻһҡ󴬡ȥ׿Ҫ˺ܶ౶Ǽˣ׿ҲоЩ𺳡
˿̵׿ţȾĺĸҪôģҹɫ֮£׿ŷ·ԺҹɫΪһ壬ӴĴϣɫĹ㣬ɢĹ⡣
׿ΧһƬյأѾｨһС͵ľۼأڴд׵սʿ֡
ЩսʿҲԪʵ
ǴһϿ׿žͲǳ֮һ
ڵʵҪ׿żûпܣҾ̽վ˵Ҳֻʱˣһʱ׿Ůһ롮󴬡ʲôҪһڵĻ꿨һܵ顣
Աץʱ䡣
ֱȥҲԲУϾٷ֮ٻ׿ĲɣûĿģ˭û¸ȥŮˣ
ôӳ顣
׿ΧһȦ֮뵽һ⣬Ȼֱӻȥ
˵ڶ죬һϢͺܿ촫˳ȣһҴרˣ۶ôص˶ƣȻ۸ҲˣˣϢ֮Ҳ˲˵ע⡣
һƬĺ˵Ǳ֮أΪͬһ޴ޱȵһû뿪ϣ
һЩԴǽȱǳҲһУи˵ҩƷԼָԵĿƬ
Σޱȣ˭ܱ֤һֱˣ
һˣֻ⻹ֻ˵ģˣǼѾ̣еĸǲġ
ܸ˻ָ˿ڵʵ̫ˣ˵ǷëǣҲΪԭϢ̾ʹ˳ȡ
ʣ˵Ǹ˵Ȼһ
Ҳ뵽˷ӣûǱ׿ãӴ׿¶ԷɺַֻˣǾöԷ
취ûãܲܳɹ֪ܹΪ
ΪˣԼѹ׵˿˳ǽԪؾҲг˿ãҪֳƿ
ȻԼҲƿΪԪ⵽꿨Уֻ˿һЩС˻û⣬һЩ˾Ϊˡ
ڣΪӦһЩ֢ߡ׼ֶΣǾǾѪľҺ
ʥƷѪľҺҲǼŵĶ˵ϡеľѪľˡЧõĹȪˮ͹ȪᾧûóѪľҺкܶ࣬ǹȪˮ͹Ȫᾧȴǲˡ
˿ѪľҺƣȵһҡҽԺʹ˿š
ܿĽǰˣȻҪĽΪƣֻܶʱڴڱ׿ע⡣
һ߹˿һˣ˵ķβܹ̹Ȼȴʵۿۣ鷳˿һֱûȬѾǷ׸ãҪ˶ãù˾ͻ
˶˵ֱСһֻҪŶ˿ͿԽȵ˵κ֮ЩлɵףԷƭ˵ģһֺĳҪõơ
һȥ֣Լ˿ĵ̫һ϶˿˳ţ˿ҲʮţѪľҺҲȥޣٶȣԼһһ춼ֲ
˵ΪҲ׬Ԫϰܵ˵ĻߣϾĿġ
ϧϣʹæҲ۵ùǺ룬ֱϧϣһľ棬дһֻʮߣʮʮ
ˣȵ׿ŵ͵ùŴ󼪡
֪취вУܹҪԵģʵڲУֻܵȵ̽գ뷨Ҳ￴ܻܲˮˡ
һʱܿȥȻֻһʱ䣬һҿԸ˵ĴȴѾΪ̸۵Ļ⣬ܶ˵屾ѾûκϣƾȻָ֮⣬Ƶʱ͸¶Լʲô嶼ҽΣȫɵҲԡ


һʮ ׿
ʣǺܿͳΪȵĻ֮һ
ҲΪûʹù˿ֶһ˺䶯
˵ڶ죬һգͱĳסˡ
ڴǰ棬Ȼǧˣϴ˵壬ҽģҲһŬͷԲŻôǰֻ֪ԼβֻͷҪ׿ϵ顣
ֻǲ֪һʱ䣬һɷûд׿ãֻҪЩ֪Ϣǳҽ̬Ҳ̽һֻҪа취
һɨȥûзӰҲЩżȱľʱ䣬֮̽ǰ飬ͰæˣֻҪлܺͺһӴôа취õƻ꿨ط
ôɵţ룬̽ӡˣ͵͵ǰһ
ǾǴ˵׿Ÿȷ磬ɢԼֶθȫҲ
ӺͽҲޱ֮ͼǴȥٰȥˡ
µҽѾǰҳӣһֻʮԵûôæʮţʮصģֻԳԼĲ顣
ʱĺܿ죬תɫְͿʮˣķѵҲһЩ˿ѪľҺȻ滹ſˣȴǲΪ
صϢƬ̣˼ҪҪټһѾʱϧϣ˽˵
ΪͷԸϧϣһ֮⣬һɶԼ֮ǰһЧˡ
ϧϣ˿̼ĸһɫᣬȴǸϧϣ˴գװϴ˿վսʿ
Ǵ׵һǷ·һ飬Ҳʮݻϵ·γɵģϺõϣҲ׿ʥزһĵط
ǸŻֱӵǸųƿҽ˵ҽʦ𣿡
ǣǣͷ˵Ȼʮ侲ʵ൱Ȼ֮ǰŬЧˣ׿һȻһмƻĿˣֻҪ߳һô·ͺˡ
һߣ𣿡ûлش⣬ָָһսʿʵӸղžͷˣսʿܹˡ
һ£ǲ˵ģҲĺô֮һҲһЩ⣬һˣҪָɾǷǳˣһСˣ˵еʱҲǷǳصġ
ǰսʿֱһ˿ڣ˿ĳǿĿ˺ɵģƺĳ˺Ч˿ھþòмļֻ˵һ΢Сˡ
׶ԷˣǾսʿ̽ôһС˶޷ôǿ϶ԼŮԼɹͻлᡣ
˼ת֮£ȴû̶֣ΪЩˣֻɨһǸսʿϵ˿ڣȻ¶Ͳмı飬ȴҡͷԲÿֻҽζʮˣҷ˲ΣλսʿϵʵСƣǻǻȥɣ
ƺϵô˵һȴЦȥΣɹǲ㣬෴㲻ǽǵǡ
ϼΪʲôҪģʵ˵սʿʵڲֵһᣬҶ˵ûκӰ죬ΪʲôƫΣ˵һֻζʮ˲ˣҪΣҲ
˵꣬Ҫƽȥ
ҲˣϾ϶ǲֵܱ̫
ȻôҲЩģһˣǾ鷳ˡ
ǰʮ֡ϡϷһչֳԪļʵ
ϼ֪ļһ׿壬׿ȻҪΣȻҲ㣡˵꣬˦һǱ׼ĿװһǧԪĿ
һǧԪôһСˣȷЩСˣƶԷ̽Լˮƽ
˵ݶˣȻ١ѡãҾһΣ
˵꣬һ˦ֶһŹֵԪٶȼ䵽Ǹ˵սʿڴһ̣սʿɫһ䣬Ϊ֣Լ֮ǰܵԱϵ˿ڣȻʼϣԼҲ·עһǿļһ㣬˲ľʮ㡣
һĻǸҲǿ¶Ŀ⡣
ȻóԼµȬˣķʽֻһԪͿָ
ʵЩ˼飬ʵȻ˿ûвղһԪʲôر֮
һ壬ȴЦֶοԼڤ˼ģô׾ͱԼҲͰæˡ
һԪʵϾǴʥеȡԪʥϵԪ˵ǾǴ֮ҩֻһ㣬ҲøղǸսʿ˿ȬȻ¶Է⣬һԪΧԼԪ
ֶԪĿֶΣֻѧͽʦ˵ھ󲿷ԪѹƣʵֻͨԪˮƽҪֳһԪЩȴʲô¡
Զ϶ԼѾáĪ⡯ӵСǿҽӦͨ˶ԷĲԡ
ȻƬ֮¶һЦݣЦҲԵùɭɭ
ȻֶηǷκʱ߶õ𾴣ֿˣǽ֮ǰ̬ȳױ˹
ȡװһԪĿڰֵˣҲκˣǿԻȥˡ
˾Ȼæ˵
һȻĻһǧԪһսʿСˣͬԤϵģ׿ϵڵ֪ôһλҽκδ˵ҽҲǹע˹
ΪǿŮ˿ܵʹĥ
˵֮ǰĽ׻ϣ׿ϵ黨ѴǮɹ˿Դ򿪡󴬡ĳزĺһ壬Ҳȫ֤ǵŮκοŮĻᣬ׿ϵ鶼Źһȥ׵ġҽϾעΣöԷֱҽŮŻ̽Ͳһ¡
̽ͲԵĽȴʮָˣǴԤϣɵһսʿô˵ĿԶŮ
ԴһҽѾǷǳҪĴˡ
ǻһˣҪҽΣҽκǿ֧ʮԪ˿̵̬Ҳŵˡ


һʮ Ů
һ仰ǵˣҶԷôļǮȷһҪҽεĶŮ
ֻϣҪװֱ֪ӵǸͺˣģûβõߡ
˵áУһҪߣǵȲ죬ھߣȻЩջҪˣͷˡ
˰죬ͬ⣬岻ֻ֣һǰһҲϵˣҲû˵ʲôֻǷԸϧϣôȻ͸ȥ
Ϊǣ棬Ȼһ
ǳ󣬷·ǳԹ͢һ㣬ǲʻϸڶ޿ޣԿϵһЩ͵̶ǾޱȣиԵɫ
ǰģƥ
֮ǰͬͬԷУǱ̤ʵأҲŻıףƵ˫Ŀ¶ɭɭ֮
һȻһͬȥȻʿǰ棬һƤ޵Ĵ죬ʼƶ
ò˵ٶ൱죬СʲôʱԸһԼãΪʵ̫ˡ
ǸҲһûһѯոʲôǸսʿģһ϶ܸʥһɲɵⶫ˵ȥ
һֱ׿ţʵ϶һãֻܴ򿪳ȥ
׿ţôҲΰ֮ǰ۲׿Ż֮⣬˿̣ȴǽӴȻоֲһһ̾ҲǷġ
ǵȷ൱
ǵȻ׿ҲǵԪʥ֮һΨһһƯƶʥأһҴҲǧʷˣܵһҴҲҫϴɣһƣҲ飬Ͻݣһ׿š
˿׿ڣſĴպ飬ʵڸøҪҽʦĶ˭˰ɣҲ£һΪ
һ֪ˣסûƳɹ׼˵ȥ򡭡˿һ仰вζǳˡ
İɣֻˣҲģȡķûߵҪǱ㣬Ҳβˣ˵꣬һ·ƣɭɭһЦǰȥ
ò˵һ׿ʵ̫ˣĴͨ˴ֱһӴޱȵĽһ㣬³ʮ㣬ͨ壬Ǹߵһطһ˼䣬ȻԷһһװεʮݻϢҡ
һȣǸ˵꣬ʹ뿪ֻܿʣһˡ
ϢΣҲװοӣϰڷŸʳݶһЩԷľʯװΣյޱȡ
¿˿ȴǴ֣Ȼһϣһѳ
ԷԼ˵ٷ֮Ϊ˸ŮˣֻǲԼȥŮԼΪʲô
Īʲô֣
˼ţߣǳ˼Ҳı顣ʱͻȻоԪЦһ
ֲҪԼԭҪȲ̽һ㡣
ʣԪΪ˲̽Լģ̽ԼԪȼģҲһЩĸ֣ڿɲǿԼԪٰʥ䣬Էܷ
ȻЩԪƬ֮ʧ٣Ǳ˻޷оԪн̬ĸӦȻһࡣ
һϢҵŴ򿪣֮ǰ˽ȴ¶˷ĵ̬ȻղѾͨǵ̽飬ЩĻʵˣղſ϶ͻ¶š
һνֱӸһΪ˸Ůˡ
ŮʮֿŵľȻǱšһ
ûҲΪʲôҪ㱣ܣҷҪһ˵ԭΪ߹ŮȻǲܵĴϿˣһ㣬ϣ⣡˵
Ůҿɲȥˣһã¡ʮ֡ǡ˵ǸһҪùĵӡ
ʵ˵ɣŮ˵ƲһˣҲҹܶǿҲûϵ֮ǰֶΣȷǷǳҶ㻹Ǻĵģһ㽫ŮκãôԺ׿õѣʮֿ϶˵
˼Ҷô˵ˣȻѡ
Ҿ԰ɣ
嵱ǰȥһҲûˣЦЦʣԷ϶ǶԼ˽䱸ϾһԪҲܶǵŮʲôв
һЩ֮ͨһػĴǰȻĶԪļ۷ʵһǻʵԪ弶
˿ֲĵطʣ϶һλŮס
Ҳǽ״̬ãһܲܽӴһĹؼŮֻҪպһ֣лõƻ꿨ط
űƿһ·߹ûнȥǳȥɣ
˵ͷȻ˽ȥ
һͨװεķǳݻǽűֽŸֻ񣬵ذźĵ̺ȥޱȣǰ滹һţſվżŮߣЩŮȻ֪ʲôˣֱӴ߽ȥ
ʱһʮֿĴǰһһŮˡ
һۿȥǵȷһŮˣϸͻ֣ᷢƤʵ޵壬ֻһΪͷڣòֳһֻ͹죬Լһ˿˿
֪Ӧþ׿ϵ쵼ߣŮˡֻһۣ֪ŮˣҾԲСˡ
˵ʥͳǡɲ񰲵ּ֣黹ûʸáԳơ
ϣװǬݣûϵˣ׿ʥزͬʥش˿ֺܶȨΨ׿һλǾǰŮŮһеס
֮ǰǸѾ̹ڿŮʱӦ񣬴˿Ҳ΢΢ǴŮʵҲ㹻𾴣˲֪Ůһۿʼ֪һλʵԪ֡


һʮ Ů
˵ŮҲԪ֪ʥأԪ弶ѾǶˣһ˵ŮʥΨһĲ
֮ϵŮ˿Ķһ鼮鼮ʮֺأҿȥʮֹӣӦЩͷˡ
ĵŮûκαʾǰ߸һ㣬·κ˶һֻۣһӿȴŮҲʵ̫װˣѾҪ군ļһﾹȻܰס
ȻЩǲ˵ġ
ƵǣôվԭشʮӣԷûн۾Ųһ伮Ҳ֪һʲô飬ȻŮע⡣
ҲѾطԼѾ˺ܴһȻŮϲ׾ڣŶԷһֱԼ
ֹȥʮӣŮŽߴתƵϣֻһ仰亹ֱ
ժߣҿĻҽ˴˶Ҫһע˾ʲôף
һ仰ŮΪƽ˵ģȴ̺ʮɱôܲš
Ȼһ̫żˣ̫СŮˣΪʥǻȻӹɵģԼһСϷƭùˣƭŮֻ֣Լһ³©
ϸһ룬ˡ
Լ찲Ŵܵ׿֮࡮硯Ծһ޴⣬ҲԼ̫żַֻҪϸȻٴ̽һǴ˵̾Ūô¡
Ȼ˵Լʲôط©ǿ϶һ㡣ǲִǣ£ıǲģֻһ˲õĶְˣҲԼ̫Եʡ
ȻѾˣ͵뷨ֲ̿ʼ뷨ӣ˿Լ׿УʵãһԷҪԸԼһԼǱɣܿףŮԼûи֮ǰҲԼ֣ϾǱռɱɱžͷţҲĵƣǾʥ䡣
뵽Ҳڳһ֪ôµӵ֪Ůʲô˼ΪһЩ¹ʵݾ٣ԲŴߣŮժ£Ҿժºˣ
˵꣬Ľϵժ
Դ뷨꿨֮ҲûжԼˣԴ˿Ͽȥޱȣ˺ۣϳȥ϶һƬˡ
Ůʲôûмɫǵٸһλᣬ˵Ŀģ޿ܻ뿪׿ţ
һ֪ŮúŪھղŵĻ壬Ѿ˶Բߣ˿·һ˿ԥ֮ŵȻʥΨһʵǣһεȷ˵ŮʹĥԲػսŮµע⣬˵Ůˣûţᱻ˻ɣôĿģȴ൱򵥣Ϊ롭һλѣ
֪ѻҪˮƽѻʱ˵Բܿͻᱻʶƣ£ѻΪʵǲܸ߶Էġ
һλѣͼº͸ʲôϵŮ¶һ˿ЦǲţȻôͣң֮ǰҲõϢˣб£Խһ˵սʿκãˣټԷ
˿ûдߣǹ¶һʹɫŮ£һȣʵΪ׷һҴһҴϵĺץҵλѣҲһ·׷ŷֶԷȻȣǽλѵƷˡ
˵Բ۾һߺޣ൱ķŭ
˵Աʱֳӵȷ٣ŮһЩ
㻹ûлشҵ⣡ŮȻô˵ôĸߵ飬ȴǲµһЩ
Ů£ҽͻ˵ԭ֮ǰѾˣǸץѵĴţǰĽ׻ҲȥˣΪ׼ԪҪҵѣֻû뵽һǮգλѱŮˣ˵꣬Ȧͨ죬һݼΪĻһݿŶȡ
˵ǰ٣ŷ
˵Ǻһ壡ŮȻεȴ̾ͲµĴ㣬˵ͷӴһ壬Ȼٽ˻Ⱥһ塣
ֻ⵱лһؼ㡣
Ů˿̵ʮֺ棬ΪؼעĶǾǼԷӴһ壬Լܽ˽Ⱥһ壿
ǣԷоԵſԼơ
뵽Ů۾һ
ԼƣŮǿ꣬˵Ҫһ鷳⼸ʱŮԹַʧܸգԽԽأƲõתһ꣬Ůͻ᳹ɢ
ºһĿģҲΪڡ󴬡õıϾŮƾڡ󴬡µģ󴬡ли߼˿ơ
Լжôأô⣬ֻŮԼ֪һʼͲκҪ˵ʲôܳƣҲֻд˵еġʥ䡯ֻŮҲûмʥ䣬̽ս롮󴬡
ЩͷŮпһѯʵ̬ȻҪôش
ûŮ£ƣ㽫ң˿̹¶һ֮ɫҲղ뵽ļƻ˵ᵽƵʱŮһ⣬Կ϶ŮƺأѾ˱ƲɵĵزԷδزӦ
ⷬ˵ŮҲЩˣֻɺܺ棬ԷƾʲôΪԼˣ
뵽Ůͷ˵ĿԽҵôһҲûʲôǣ𣿡
֪Լڱչ¶һЩֶΣѸһȡŮΣʵϴӸղſʼͲϵ̽Ůƣӵʥ˵ٷ֮ٿԽŮ
һԾͽ򲻹ǻŮĻɣҼԷԼԼ޶ûطȥ
뵽ǵͷŮ£ûбһԱ֪Ůҿơ
ŮԷһ棬ҲûлɣԥƬ̣ȻȹӣԿһ˫һֲġ˿ڡ˿ʮֹŹ֣ûʵģˣǴ˿Ůϣȷкܶ˿ڣѾӵȣеԪϵڸʴŮҲֲöԷԪᱻ˸û˿취


һʮ Ȼб
һۣŮͷȹӣΣܲΡ
Թ֪˿̿ԷŹֵƣҲЩȣµȷǺƣʥ䣬Ȼǲʥ䣬ֻҽƣӦûǿԵġ
һ˵ʥľ޷ŮȬֻҪܻͣԼ㹻ĻȨ͵ˡ
뵽ȡһļ˿
ļ˿Ѿ࣬һҲΪװڸʥԪ˳ϾҪŪŮԲô򵥵飬֮⣬ȡһЩ󿨣ȻûпʼˣǻȰưˡ
ŮȡһѿƬ΢иһڴȻһԪԼ޿κεƣһ˿ϣԸȥһ¡
Ů£ҿһǲΪƣЦ˵
Ů˵ͷȻһԪܶԼԷͬ⣬ǰ˼Ůǰҵĵطվסſʼνơ
ȣĲһ俨ȡһѪľҺȻ˦䵽ŮϣѪľҺ̺ǿԪǲֱ޲壬Ҳʱ㹻ԪҪ飬ļ˿ͬʱʼʩʥ䵱зֳһԪԪͬ˿ĹâֱӴŮ
˵ʥԪ֮⣬ĶΪڸһԪĶŮԪ֣ʥؽһλ飬Ȼ۽ܿһԷʥϢұ֤Է᲻ᡣǬݣʵۺӲԪ弶ԲŸչ¶ʥ䣬Ǵ˿֪ĵõ͵ʱһҪ͵ġ
ŮͱղۻҵĲŪˣȵһɹԪԼûзֱЩԪеʥϢ
ϾԪ˵Ҳ洦ͬǸβһζҩľ㹻ҩΪڸǺһζҩмҩһҪֱǷǳѵġ
ȵʥԪŮ嵱У̸о˲ͬ
֣Լ궼϶񻯵ƣȻǱѹסˣȻ˵Ȭܶ࣬һǳĽܸоԼƲǱѹסˣһһЩ
Ǿ֡
ٿѾżľ⣬һﻹб£ȻûֱҲƺһɣټƼΣпܽԼƸ
뵽Ů֪̾˵ļֵ˵ֵһᣬǶһ˵ȴ൱ҪĴڣԺˣзҽˣôŮ
Ҵ˿̣ŮоԼҲ˺ܶ࣬ǳ˵ͷȻЩ£ҸоöˣܼܲƣҵƸҪʲôҸʲô
Ƹ
ҡҡͷԼŲôɵңҲܽҪһЩĽԼû㹻ĵƣҿԡ
Ƴһ㺹ˮֳƣ͵ģŮ£ҵƷã̫ˣƷǳܳУÿһҶҪϢһʱ䣬ԡ
Ůһˮƣͺ治װģʵҲǣϱڻ꿨ĥԪŮһһ첻һ죬Ȼǿȥͺ˵ȫϷ
ȻˣϢһУԺʹ׿ϰɣҸסȨŮҲй֪ͣãȻҪԷ¡
֪ܲŮ뷨ڶԷԼʱһЩǾɵˡ
һ񣬵Ů£¿ԣҪҵͬʹԱ˵һ⣬ұҪȥλѣŮشӦ
֮ǣӦҲôӦӦҲôӦҺúøβǴӦ
֮Ըô˵ƶһ㣬ǾԼʵСŮаհѿؾƣԼȥߴԱֻȥһ壬Ӧöûʲô󰭣ͲڹϾܾôһҪ
ȻŮ΢һ룬̾͵ͷӦ
ãҴӦ㣬֣
Ůһٻ߽һ壬֮ǰǸ˿̼Ů߼ΪֱӰڵء
ˣһ֪ʲôŮʵ
̹źˣȻ߶ԷԼڶ࣬һ֣뵽֮ǰ̹źţֱȡһԶŴ֣Ԫֲ֪̹ʲôˡ
ã֣Ժ̹ŵķԸ䱸һҲȥһ壬סҪúչ̹ţҪ𣿡Ůŷ˵
һ֪ҪöԷסԼʲôסԼࡣ
һԪļĸԼҲȷǴֱˡ
弱æŮκηԸհ죬ȻҲ֪Ů˼
ȥɣϢˣƣŮȻܺãһ伮
ͷһ뿪ݻ޹棬ֱӵǸȥһ壬֪ɲԣ
һҪĿľҺһ壬֮ǰŮҲӦҪ϶Ҫȥġ
֮ǰǷֹģȻŮƣȻλһ¾ˣǷҲǶ̬ȹ˺ܶ࣬ǲŮǶԷԸƵֶΣ÷ˣ˵ģһҲˣڣҲĻ˶ˡ
Ҫֺܿͬˣưƣ׿ŵײľ޴󴬲ա
ĻҪܶˣΧкܶսʿ֣һ·սʿȻٶˣԼ͵͵Ǳܽ뵽
ǰ棬һսʿ½µײһ޴Ĳ壬һ޴η
ò֪޽ηϰٸÿһηһӰҲ൱졣
̹ţ׿ŵײηѺŶһЩֲĹԼ飬ʵ̫һң𿿽ЩդһЩһϵη˭Ȳ㣡ִ˿˵ͷȴǲмԼʵȫʢʱڣҪҲֻһжѡ


һʮ ޱޱ
Ƭ̣ͿǰһյأһηηηͬһˮΡ
׻Ǹһ壬˿̾ͱһβƵˮεУΧʮսʿء
̹ţ˵⺣һʶʱͻȻʵ
֪϶Ůͨĳֶθ߷ֵģ⻰֮ǰϹȻѾ˵ȥˣͲܷϡ
ǣʵһξΪܽŸŮˣܲͷҵѡһ䡣
ǷҲ¶һ˿֮ͬɫȻ֪̹ĽŮҲδͷһ壬⻰ǲ˵ġϧֲ֪˵ҲΪһ廹ϵ̽ա󴬡ĳЩĿ
֮⣬һΪؼĲ֣һ˶֪Ϊ԰һеŮҲ⣬Ǿǣǵߺͽĺһ壬ʵһΪֲġʱը
Ψһ֪һˣ֪Լһ壬ԷҲԼܰѿصġ
Ǿͬ˵ģΪѾ˱ƵһŮǸԻĺһ壬ȥᣬʱͿ˭ܴһıľлˡ
׿ϵȻƵˮʮţͨ¶ڽ󣬿Խ뵽һΧĵط룬һ·ӾһĵطͬΧ˿̣Ǹŷֺǿ׳սʿ뵽м䣬ӽһĵط
ڷֺսʿĸ棬ȻǲͬģǶԷִҪţҲŮ⣬ȻŮЩɣϧ֮ǰĻѾ˵ȥˣһԷԼ˵ѣ鷳ˡ
ȻѾһҲûӣֻ뷨ӺŪȥ
ʱѾԿǰˮвζǸӰò˵һһĴڣЩսʿ˿̶ЩĿͶ
ޱޱˣɣʱͻȻ˵аȴ¶֮ɫʱ֪һޱޱ
һ̣ˮãȻðһƬˮ˰ĺһǸˮ棬ֻ¶˰ӣȴΣȥֱޱȣʪĳڽ۵Ƥϣݸԣһ˫ʵ˫ͫעĿ
ޱޱˣ˿ֻ̣ӲͷƤ˵֪Լȿڣúһ忪ڵĻԼٷ֮ٻᴩ
ֻǽޱޱĻȴһ㶡
ҵܾˣƯĺޱޱ˿̿·һĨЦݣò˵ЦݷǳĿѣԣ޷԰Ρ
û˶ԣ΢ЩԾЩңȻ֪Ϊʲô˵ôһҵܾ˵Ļһ仰Դֵ˵Ļˡ
û˵ֻǵ˵ͷǸһģɵĴ𰸡
ڷֿǺѼļں΢΢ôҲرķӦͶĻھ¶Է˵һЩĻ
ͷ̶֮ԷСЩҪ˽˵
ȻҪ÷ֺսʿرܣ֮ǰ΢΢һ仰ѾŶԷʶѣȻˣҲһɣһжǵİѿصУһǲܱһԪߵġ
ǣЦЦսʿ뿪վ档
ֵ˳ȥ˿˵Ǻޱޱһ仰ֻ֪ޱޱΪʲôô˵
㲢ڳǰһΣԸĵĺչһ֫Ц˵
ʶңСһ䣬൱档
ڽ׻ʱҼ㣡ޱޱЦ͸һ˿׽͸ζоЩŹ֣ƺʲôطԾ
Ϊôޱޱƺ֪Լֻôܣ
ڽ׻ϣԼҲֻеһԱôرע⵽Լô֪Լ
ʵЩ˼飬׹ĸо
ļƻУûһһֱΪԼǲϵ뷨ԼļƻɹУڿԼĳıС
ûĳı
ҶԷŪıֶαԼҪ߶࣬ԻвɸĿģܱŮǿŮޱޱԼ֮⣬˭֪ʵŮʵ϶Ūˡ
ֻΪʲô֪ԼҪƾʲôעԼ
оֲĵط
˿ĺޱޱֱŮҪֲٱŮ԰ѿס棬⺣ޱޱоԼƺǶԷһöӡ
Ȼϰ߱˵ӣ˼һй⺣ǰ֮
˻ǹֻҪǾͶȻ㣬⺣ޱޱǿŮȴԸԼѹʵ˵ͽ͹߹˵Ŀģ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ԷĿĺܿܺ͡󴬡йء
ȻˣԼͿһ㣬Ҳ۶ԷΪʲô˹עԼ˵ԼܿҲǣԷġıУȻˣԼ¿϶УҪסƣ˵ڻһ֪ʱ֪ôġ
뵽Ҳ
ղ˵ڵңô֪Ҫ㣿ʵһҲ˼ģǶԷղԼΧһ仰Ծǡ⡯˵ģǹĻô֪ԼúֻѻŪŮͷֵģ
Ҳ֪Ҫңһ֪ʲôޱޱЦƺһжյС
Ȼţ˵ҽʲô
̹ţޱޱ˵
һͬʱҲ˿ڿȷһ£Ǿޱޱ϶зŮΪ֣ԼҲǸոʱ߹ŮѣҲ˵ԷĳֶοԼŮĽ̸ԲŻԼһϷ
ڶԷʲôҲܲµһ㡣
ϸһ£ŮǸݻ޹ྫףкܶʮƯĹ㣬ѯʾצںһʱ򣬾צ˵һӵһԿһЩͨ࣬ԽЩǵĶĿ
ŮӦǱֽˡ
뵽֪ޱޱԲ򵥣ʵ֪ԷҪʲôֻҪһǾǻ꿨Ŀط
һνĶޱޱҵȷרģΪһҪæ


һʮ صġƻ
˵˵ޱޱȻͲµˣϾԷû¸ɣ뷨ӽӴԼ϶
˵Ǻһڱ꿨֪ǲģʵ
꿨㾹Ȼ֪꿨֪飬꿨û꿨սǺһʲôĪҲԼĻ꿨ޱޱһ档
ҡҡͷ꿨ѾģԼģοƻ꿨ᣬ֪顣
ޱޱ̣οƻ꿨طһ˵ԼĿġ
һޱޱЩ׼ԷĿˣȻû뵽Է꿨Ϳƻ꿨ȱһɵĻڣ֪οƻ꿨ʲôá
ǣԷѾ꿨ķ
ޱޱʼ´־ò̫ܣ꿨ǺһеƿֶΣԷô֪
ΪʲôҪޱޱȻǱ˺ġ
ҡͷ˵ԸԸңȻԸ⣬ҿԸԪʮŹ
ޱޱ۾һʮԪѾСĿˣԷȻ֪οƻ꿨ط΢΢ͬʱҲ֪ǰԳ̹ŵˣʵԼһƻзǳҪһΪԷͷϴһñӡ
ޱޱڽ׻ʱע⵽ֻԷͻȻҲԾѣԭļƻǲԼӴģڶԷˣԼĳޱޱԤϣﻮѾãһС䶯ӦģѾһ㡣
ôҲкôǰˡһæϾǰ̹ţǺѡˣҪǣǰ̹ѰѾΨһܴϡ֮ñˡ
һתޱޱƺʲôͷƻ꿨طѣҲҪԪ㿴ΪҪԪʲôã
ЦǲǽԼס
ɣһ彫ΪҿһЩķ򿪡󴬡ĳЩ壬ȵ̽գһһ󴬣ʱҪһ飬ˣҾͽƻ꿨ط֮⣬һܸ벻ĺôޱޱ˵
һˣԻĺĿĹȻǺ͡󴬡йأֻԼܰʲôæ
Ҫϸڣޱޱ϶˵ôԼʱһĨڣ˵ڻҶ֪
Ӧޱޱӿ϶Ὣ꿨Ŀط̸ԼҹһҴ󴬣Ҳȥһ̽һӦޱޱҲԼΨһѡ
˼Ƭ֮˵ͷǡġҴӦ㣬˵ãҵʵޣԪΣյºͳ֮뷢ģڽ̸֮ҿƻ꿨طӦǾˣ뿪ȣ
˵ʱһֱڹ۲ޱޱҪǰ뿪ȣ¶һ˿ţֻһ
ãҴӦ㣬󴬺һὫƻ꿨ط㣡ޱޱ˵
㷢ģ
ãԺһģޱޱƤһ˵⻰ǵ˵ͷ
ʱķЩȵòͷˣһޱޱЦЦȻˣǾͳɽˣ
˵꣬ˮˮС
Ҳת߳ˮΣ¶һģȻҲֿġ
˵ޱޱڳˮε֮ǱĿָһƬʼɢһĿĹâһˮеĳһԿӡ
һֻǴƬ̣濴ˮкָܿƽȥϢʵֻһֻ룬ޱޱ˿ˮĳطͷһɫʰʮɫĿƬ
һſƬǲͬƬһſƬ̺żΪǿƬϵͼӣǺһ޴ޱȵĸ壬Ǹĸչ¶̬
ͿԿһſƬǻ꿨
꿨һƳɣ飬ʹúʧĿԣΪһſƬľǱʵҲһ
˿ޱޱͷֳһŻ꿨ɢޱȵԪȫԳԪ޵ʵһԪŮҪǿ
ЩϢȫѹˮεУһ˿һûй¶ȥֻиո߳ˮεɫһ䣬ͷһƽޱȵˮΡ
̹ţˣηտǲ̫ãޱޱɣǻ뿪ɣѾ㰲ŵסһȥͿʱŮˡǲߴ뿪ƺͷһֱˮΣȴǳôˣ
ûе㲻ãȻޱޱղŷоһ˿ŹֵԪⲨ̫΢ҲֻԼǿоѣôޱޱʲô
˿ڳȵһĳƫƧСͷһӰҹɫǰ׳Ĵ󺣣һƾɵˮִ磬ȥͺܴˣжƫƧ֮ע⵽
ڴ˵أȻϳˮǵںϼñӵǸˮ֡
¹ںϣĴƺԽһйԴûһ㣬Ǻеҹֻˮִ˿ǱĿ˼ġ
ʱǰĺͻȻðһɹˮݣһƴС㿪ʼ֣Ծ棬ʱƣֿȥͨСԽԽ࣬һʱһƬϾͬ½һȫС㡣
ޱޱʲô𣿡ˮִ˿̳˵ȻǶһӶ
ЩС˿ͻȻһ𣬾ȻһͣͶСһģһЩСϺзһģ۳ɵȻǸ׿ˮĺޱޱ
ƻһ©Ǹ֮ñϿɵ׿ˣϺɵޱޱ˵ԵüΪ졣
ʲôʱǸˮ֣ҲǱޱޱ˵۾¶һ֮ɫ
ȥ㣿ʲô˼ĪʲôһżǵļƻʮҪǸǷǳҪһȻ൱š
ǵûУΪһ£֪ƻ꿨طǺһʽףһͲҪ뷨ӽˣҲǵļƻʵʩޱޱЦŽϺɵ¶ŹЦݡ
ֻǵãһ£֮ǰǵ˺ƤˣѾɵˣˣû¶ʲôŰɣʵ
ģŮڹ֮ϣһԪܷʲôˣֻ֪ͨһ̽յļƻһվɣܲƳ䣬Ϳһˣ˵꣬ϺɵޱޱȻɢЩϺ䵽ܿʧ٣ƽָֻ糣
ǺЦҲǱת뿪


һʮ 
ŷߵʱһ벻飬ʱŹޱޱ飬ߵ·ϣȴǸоһ˿ֹ
ʱǰ治ԶһηͻȻһ˻һ㣬˲ͷĿѣɫһ䡣
ͻȻ˻Ҳǰŵķһ˴ηʱǴɭǸϲļһϷôˣ̹ȥ
˻ϣƺҲʮܣ׵ʿæüͷǿŲʳȥǳ嵽ǰ֮͸ƵĿԷֹ崩еդ￴˼ۣȻǰγդϸϷӣס죬ٽǾͷųҧ㣬ɣ˻ֱ˷衣
ǸηɭأӦǾ˻УǷֻǿʿѾϰΪ
ȻһǸ˻ЩͬѰ
󣬶û˿ֹͣ˼£ڵ˶ͷԷ£һʵЩսʿȻǱͷ
ϷӸʲôִֹ˿ҲһʹĺʿȡһŹŹֵĿƬģĳӣһʿ伤
أ
һɺɫɢϰָֻ׸ǴСĺɫ׳Ĵ˳ʿ³УҲûҲǺǰۿ
ЩɫС׳һٶȼηηһֹŹŵ顣
ʮֹŹ֣û׿ǰ㴩·ףֻά壬һŤΣһһ׵ľˣһһֲĹͷһЩȻԱεɭء
˿ȷͬһ㲻ϵ˻Уеܵĳִ̼ϵ궯ǿԽ壬۶Էô޷ѡ
ȵЩɫС׳Ͽʼ˻еʱűһͷɢͷģʼҽС
ãƺη飬ȴ˵
ǵŸղԼﴫһ˿ʥ䷢ģɭصϷӾͿʼ𣬿϶⣬ԶҲʮֺ档
˭ֱʵ
ǷƺȻûж룬͵ϷӽɭأǰŮŵһλʿһλ壬ǰĵλһҪߣһﲻ֪ʲô裬һξȻǷһŮ½֮ͽŮչ͵ķûɱϷһһ裬ͿʼҽУֱǶ
ŵ˵ͷȻֶɭʮᣬôһ飬ΪʲôʥĲ
ʥʥ֪ԭ϶Ԫ
˼ʱȫѾ˺ɫС׳ϷɭѾԽԽСȻЩɫСӲ򵥡
ּ棬͵̹ţƼЩСûûǸͷСȴǷǳĶǶģǾأǽ棬רʳ壬һз˴ˣͷ
˵֮䣬ֻǵȴǶһԵʿɭطһγͷʱӳһҵҪǸʱܲܽг
⻰￴飬ʣֺɭдİ
Ҳûϵţɭʲôر֮Ȼʥע⡣
ʱһ˭Ҳû뵽ⷢˡ
ǸоڵʥִһɲһɲһǿҶˣеɭͻȻһӿֲ˻С
˻УһԪһķ
ͬʱЩɭϵС׳ǻһźѪ·ˮһ㣬ȫɭصڡ
ãЩļ棬Ѿ̳Թ壬ɭؾʲôȻǽ淴ɣⲻܣһʹ࣬һĻʧ˵
վţ⼸ʿѾʹĵأŤһţղҲǱХŪĲһεȻХһǿķ˿оԪȽͣ϶ХĹЧ
һ̣ɭͻȻ廯ɫѻɳЩԭҲ޷赲ЩɫѻЩѻɳ̻֮һ壬۳һֲģ
һĻͫղЩɫѻȻԷС
ֱЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ڳκﶼܷеģЩɫѻȻԷУô£
ͻǸɭص˿˫Ŀͨ죬Ķһ˦֣һŻ棬Χʿֱ
ЩԸʴ壬ʿҽж޷ͻһŷɻҡ
ֿһĻҪƬҲǱһŻϣֱϾһλﵽԪļ壬ϴŵ·ȻһߵĻףŻֻǽըʮԶصˤڵϣûʿֱӱˣҲǱʹȥ
ǲôεģΪ֮ǰһŹֵХУȻǼʵʵֱӵһһԪļĸôôſ¡
Χʿ˿Ҳǳ˹Ϸɭٴηһֲ˻Уһˣ·ܵ尾Ů˼һ㣬һħ֮ʵ̵䣬ȻֻʱģһʱԿԾһսĳɰܡ
⣬Щʿʵ֮£ȫɭظɵһʱ䣬һʿȻǣԷȻûйԼ
ңʥң㣡ɭ˫ȫǷ񣬵Ƿлһ˿ǣղһ仰һ˿֮˵ġ
ʥ䣿
ˣԷЩ϶ʥйϵֻô֪Լʥ䣬ЩǿĿ£ղűɵʿҲʮˣȻǱɭһиɵ
Ԫļ۷壬Ԫ弶ʵֿԽʵХУҪһ㲢ѡ
ûжʥԼ˵ҲǼΪҪô׽ԼʵٶȱԪһĳ̶ȣҪԿʵЩʵ˿߶δֻ֣ٻýʿЩѡ
ˣҲûл֮аķķʹԪȼƣǰķǲɭصĶҴƱڣΨһóֵˡ
ţǸɭеһ˿ƺҲڼ
ģ޷ѹЩʥң˵꣬ɭؾȻצĳȥ


һʮ ٵòҳ
˹ɭȻǴһԼڱǿֲ˻ŪʵٽֻԪһˮƽһԪļ۷壬ýֺͷ붼֪ԲǶ֡
֮ǰѾʿȫɵҲǵʣϣ̷Űķ
ķūͣ⿨룬ǰҲֻаķֵܵɭˡ
ɭΪ˲Ʒֻ֣û뵽һ֣ͱ˳ȥϸһɭֻоһɺ鲼ȫ
ǧʯôǧʯ㡭ʦʦҲ㣬ֻҪҵõʥ䣬Ҿ˭£ԣ콫ʥңȻҲѹЩˡɭеķԽԽŨһ˿Ҳ𽥱ʳ
ӣһһѾ԰ٷְȷԷ˵ʥʥ䡣
Ȳ˵һε֪ʥԼҪȽ鷳
룬һʥȡ
ȡķʥ䵱նðķȫ
Ȼʥ֮ɭؾһ̰Ŀ⣬۾Ҳ޷ʥŲķץᣬæ³һɺ
һɺҲǰķһͬǧʯԿһֻĿǰķԪȼֺͣȻԶԷ磬ˣҪԸͨԪļҲǴ´ˡ
һɭض̻һıʱƣǱԽĺʵ༸ʱ䣬ͿԽɭر
ֻɭز֪ʹʲôֶΣȻٴλһѻƽ˰ķĺһζԷƺҲӦ˹Ȼֱӳ
ʵ󽵣ôɭصĶ֣ҶԷΪѻܷٶֿ죬Ҫ֪ھķܷУֻݵ֫ٴܶһʱ֮ҲûӶܣ鼱֮£ֻʥ񵲡
һ·ײˣһֻѻٶȷɿײײʥϣֻ֮еľͳûг֣һֻѻȻǷ·ײһ̲ˮһ˲û١
һһֻѻȻǱʥˡ
һֻѻʥ̿ʼ˶ƺһõ˿ʳһһ̴ʥ䵱ͻȻðһɼΪǿǼֻѻʥ䵱С
ʣµѻƺҲΣգҪɢߣʥͻȻӴ󣬵ʣµʮֻѻȫ뵽ʥ䵱У͸оʥв𶯣ƺЩеѻ˻Ҫӳܿͱѹȥ
һֻת˲֮䣬ҲЩӦò˵ɭصĶ̫죬ʥĶ죬ֻգ֮ͻΣ
Ǳߣſǽİķڷ㶣Ȼû׸ղŷʲô飬ԶսʿĺͽŲкķȻ͵һɣʼװԡ
ֻ˿Ѿ
ķ֪ʲôȴΪʥˣʥ䷢ı仯ȻӲʵڸղʥǿޱȵЩѻ֪֮ʲô顣
˿ʥУȻǶ˼ƪҳͬһǬݵһ֪ʥһεõһЩĲҳҳԴɭػɵѻֻ߸ɭڡ
ڲǲ鿴ʱİķʥȫջ䣬Ȼ󵹵װΣܿкܶսʿ֣лһЩʵ׵Ĺ壬ֳ̱֮ˣǿʼ鿴ֳȻԵͷҲǱ֣Ȼ󱻴ߡ
δ̧֪뿪ֳȻ󵽴һĲڣʵĴ̱ŵϣһսʿ鿴һ״̬ͬʱ̽⿨̽һ
˺ͷִһƺĳַԪȼֱӵһĿǰֻԪһˣҿܵײȻԲѣȴҪȷִ˺һЩִ˵ҪأɭǸﷸܽע˷ִϡǸսʿ˵
ˣȥɣ̴˷׿ţסԲɭǸӼﷸߣһɱǺܶˣŮ˻ࡣһ˵
ⷬԻЦһԭΪɭˣҲǣֳûɭκκۼ˭Ϊˣֻ˭벻ɭش˿Ѿʥ䵱С
ЩѲ飬ܣЩˣĴֱ˯˹ȥ
ȵ˹Ѿȥ˼СʱʱԼʵָˣȻǻָԪļ۷壬ǻָԪ
ȻֲֿХǿʱĿʵȵʱһͻָҲ൱ֲˣˣɭظһ»ɱôսʿаȻһֱۡ
ۣš֡ƺվһ壬ߺͷһǴŹ࣬Ͻֹţ˹ǰһ̹ˣǽָչıʿŮ½֮ȥһڵ﾿ʲô¡
ʵ֪ȻûǾ˵ԷƻͦصģŮôżԼ϶֪뵽Ѿ֪ô˵ˡ
ڴ֮ǰװͷ͵ģñЩͷΣһ˴һһµʱ𣿶ˣأһˣҹѾˣģ
һãͲ֪룬Ǳ״ҲΪͬûѣҸ㼸ʱһ¡
˵꣬ת뿪ҹ˷š
ĿӦһ£ûзκ⣬ȴ˦ֶ󿨲һ俨żæȡʥ鿴
Ȼʥ˼ҳҳ潲һЩı仯֮ǽλǿһХŮһǡʦһȼͬԸײУŰХŮԷֲġŮ䡯ʱ˵ʵɭصХУһЧ֮Ӧкܴϵ
һʦ仯ɸֶθǹޱȡ
֮⣬һЩһʥԡ£ЩǼҳʥĲҳ
ⲢȫʥУһš俨俨¼һ˵ļ䣬ȡ֮󣬼俨һԴһļ䡣


һٰʮ ̽
ɭأڶ̶һھͿһļ䣬ɭغͷһ׿ϵ壬Ǹߵ飬ҲŮأȨܴ󣬶ҵȻǺͷйڡ
ֻɭҰĸ󣬶ҲԵɺ֮µ֪ʥ飬֮ǿŻԵ׿﷢˼صĲҳ
Щ֮Ҫ׸ΰŮģɭ˽£ûиκˣǽҳ˽أΪ˲ҵͷ֣طҳ嵱С
ȴһ벻鷳⼸ƪҳ¼ײ¼̺˼аȻҲЯЩͱŰ
ɭ޷ѹһаܿ죬ҳʼӰɭأһŰײеķӡ
ǣɭرѺɭȻˣɱԼһ˿ǣڵȻᣬȻ֪ἫΪãֻҪҵʥͿѹסҳʱʵἸŮɵȡ֮ǲܣҪҵ˵еʥ䣬׵飬˵ǲҲΪ
ֻϵƫƫôɣڵУʥɭػ෢˶ԷɭصʱϲȻƴűаռһ˿ǵĴۣҪʥ䣬֮һĻ
ϧɭѣջûгɹǱʥգҲҳԼںϵԵʡ
ڣɭѾˣ˵ѾˣѾʥգΪеһ֣ʥҲ˵õ˲ҳ˸ǿɭصļǻ㼯һſƬ֡
۾ȴЦЦȥѾǳˣɭΪ˽ڷ׿ϵʥҳѡ˽̣ĺ˵ʹȻԼΣͲɭأҲͺʥ⼸ƪҳʧ֮ˡ
˵¶˵Ҳһ¡
ɿĿ˿ʥ䣬һʥǬݵõҳҳӵ˾ת˵ǿ󣬵ϾǹԵһλõȴĹ
һǡŮ䡯ѹƵ˵ʵѾ̹൱ٶԸԪļĸ֣һǡ޻顯ǾǿԽתΪ̬Ұǽ磬Խǿ׳ޣҲԱѻ̽鱨ͽˡ
˿ȡһ鿨ٻһһ飬ʥһһ˼ֻѻ
ò˼ǣ⼸ֻѻȻԷС
Ź־ԵĹŹ֣ǲܷеģһ֤ѻô£
ʱ벻ͨеĵ֪ԼҪŪ
˿ſڵıѾȵĲͷˣţæջѻȻ俨󣬼æ˳ȥ
һûʵ޹һμŮ˿ŮɫЩѿڵһ¹ѾСˡ
ʮʿһλ߼ˣһطʹʧ٣ܿߣŮʮջ
Ҫ֪ʲô顣
һ¼ֻͷҴߣִ˿˻ԣҪֻ֪ѯ
̹ţʱʲô£
Ůѯʣ׼õ˵ʽ˳ʵ˵ľʵģֻȥһЩҪĻڣֻ˵ڿ꺣ޱޱ׼뿪ʱһη˻У˹ȥֹԽԽȻ
ҵʱһµ˻иŪͷĿѣֱˣ֮ҾͲ֪ˣһʵʵ˵ӡ
˵ʮ̹ȻټԪʵԼ֮ǰŮõ鱨˿̺Ѿ˵
ɭؾôӳȥģѵʲôɡŮԹԵ˵ãŵͷȥɣǸӵһֲֿԶʱڽ˵ʵȽ֮ͣǰǱһиŪεģʵȻָҪϢϢˣˣ飬Ҫ˵ȥ
ȵŮ޹뿪͵͵˿һɻˡ
Ҳ˴㣬ǾȺϧϣ˽ãȻ뷨ӸŮ󴬣ΣޱޱĽҲУֻҪõƻ꿨طһѾǽˡȻҲ֪󴬡ΣأڵõʥĲҳһ֮ϲҲƽԼһʵ
ȥϢȵ˵ڶ죬ڸŮһ֮ɱŷԼĴϣϧϣ˽˼䣬ǴڳȣԼҸǲҪܣΪ˵ܻ͵͵ʹ
̽գŮһ룬ҲǴӦˣԭܼ򵥣󴬿ӣ˵ȵĽһ㣬κ˶ѡ󴬵Уֻ󲿷ֻڴΧεʲôô̲ţȻҲųһЩ˶ڴΧһЩôͱأëǣֻ˵ȴѼ
Ȼ˭Բμӵ̽գôŮʲôɾܾ棿ԷԼ޷õһЩӻȻһЩôԼһҲܱıһ¶ԷϾа취һŮƵģһڴûҵƵıôŮֻܽϣȫѹϡ
Ϊ˴ɺޱޱĽףټһصޱޱ˵ڻã˭еƣʱͿ˭ĵƺֶθˡ
̽ջڶˡ
һ磬ȶһֿȵУе˶ӿһطǾǳȵģ󴬵ڡ
һҴû֮һ˵УһҿԺڵһԪ֮Ĵ󴬣֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬶
ڴأǵڣҲһûб֪̽Ѿ˷ֵõıԴҲκ֮͡
һ˶Բ̽ա
һþͿһɳ̽ա
׿ϵһһ𣬸˴ڣһͣô˵˵Ҳ൱ҪĴڡ
ŮǳŸӺʮŵĺΧȫǾ黤鵱УʮƥŵһˮΣȻǺһޱޱ
ȻҲͶ̽գǵһ㶼飬ʤһһ͸ϵ˽롮󴬡ڴԶԶͿԿˡ
Ѿѯʹڴ󴬸ϸò˵ֵãڶûлָȻķѾȥȶԷһθǱ


һٰʮһ ʡں
кܶڡ󴬡Ĵ˵Щ˵꣬˵ǣǴͬһöǳһֱҴγ˳ȣʱϵ˸ֶͨ죬Ϊ˱һҴ󴬲˷ֻ֣Ϊ˶ϮǵĵˣǶһЩֶΣ׷һƬ޴ޱȵĺɴγ
Ȼ˵ϾֻǴ˵󴬡ȴʵڵģȵ󴬵Ľǰ֮󣬲֪ʲô޴
֮ǰʶ׿žǳȵڶĴֻˣ׿źʹ󴬱ǼֱѺϷһĸо΢
ΧһƬǳкܶǵĵ죬ȻЩҪĵͱϷ֣Ҫ󴬣ֻͨҪս󴬣ҲֻǿһЩˮһЩСڴΧһǿޱȵԪʧ֮ſԣ˭˭
ЩǱģһ·ҲͬһʵѧһʱʱάǱ䣬߱ĵ⣬ǽһЩڴ󴬵Ĵ˵¶
ٶȺܿ죬һʹﵽĿĵأһƬ޴ͷֻͣһЩʮ׳СҲǶʮףϾǳˮֻ͵ĴֻС
߳ʱ򣬿˲Զˡ
ЩǺųƳȵһһ壬һͷǽʵһԪĸ֣׿Ů£ǳȵڶԪ֣˵ǰһһɢɳΪԲһ𡣡ƺָС׽Ḷ́ЩϺܶ˶֪Ҫ˽ҲʲôʱһѧģȻҪץʱŪԼ֪ʶ
ȻһпһңΪǿ׳һˣһͷ㱾壬ȴͬŭĿһ٣µԪΪǿ󣬺һԪĸ֪֡ԼʵʱҲԲʵĶ֡
һĵȻһע⣬˫Ĺϵƺһ㣬ûлཻŮûдľ޴ٲȻһһ̬ơ
ܿ죬ȵڶҲˣҪ˵ϣ⺣࣬Ҳӣһͬɷһ㣬ͷһ˴ű׼ĴΣñӣӴ󣬺ȻһϵͬһͰͣмĵ̣֮⣬˻żΪŨܾĺںӡ
ǣ֮ǺһʴһкǽĿɨһߣĿ⿴֮Ǳŷʮɱ
һ£һǱǼɹһš
ĺںӣ𣿾Ȼһ壡̴ܶԷĿǻ޷
ʣ˿ܵͻȻǷǳǿĹ
Ҳû뵽ûм˾ȻͻȻѣںӣںӶȻǺˣԷԪ弶۷ʵȷ൱ǿһ˫۾ƺһּΪֲħγһɹѹͻþԼ
˿ڱԷһ˫۾֮˿ֲĻþУѪȺ͸ʹ಻ظþ֪˶ãǺʣʹƺѾһ꣬ͱˡ
ͨˣ־Ϊǿ˿̻ܼסҲǼֲ˶á
һ̣һߴһſƬŮɳһ̣һӴԪֳ֣棬˲̴ӻþѾȫ亹͸
֪ȻԼǿֲĻþƺ˺ܾúܾõĥʵУҲֻĸ˲䣬ԷʵЩˣŮ֣ԼһˣԼһЩصֶΣ޷ոյΣ
бɱ𣬶Է׾ͶԼɱ֣һˣԭѾ֪ˣᣬҲǽˡ
ںӣҪ𺣵׿ս𣿡Ů˿̴ﴫ˳
⣬ȻŮԺǳ⡣
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һԪںôܿϣг𣬺ںҲΪһԪǺв
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˫Ƕ͵ӵģһ̽գŮ֣Ժںӵһ磬϶뷽跨һ̽ŮʵɾһƷ
֮⣬ŮѰƵİ취Ѿһˣ˴˵ҲǴķзŮӪˣɵӶ֪߿϶ǱļŮ˵ġ
Ůߣ˵˵ȷЩ£ܶŮ⣬ںӵעͰ㡣
ҲºõһЩ鱨ƲһģôһȻһƷ


һٰʮ 
ղźںֶνͼûþŮǹ˼ʱųֵģ˵ŮҲ˺ںӵĿģҪҪ֣ŮǾһЩǺԥģںںӶֵͬʱͿֹҪôʱ䡣
ŮǳˣΪ˵ҲʮҪһ̽һôƾֻܽȫѺϣˣ֡
ںںӣǸҪһ˫񣬼̽ŮĿǰΣܸɵȻ߾ȻԵֵĻþ֮ãҲЩںӵԤ֮⡣
ˣںûнʵֻԪ˿һĿľΪ̽ŮҲﵽĿġ
ˣȻŮСӳͷҺںӸһҲûʲôںӴ˿Цһ̲˵һ䣬ǽȷˡ
ŮǱп֪Ȼǲܺͺֽⲻ棬Ҳû׷ʲô
һͻȻ־ʹϢģ˻ϲǣȻһԿľҲ֪£ûʸҺںӱ
˿һߵ˺ںӣʵΣ
ںӺٺЦЦͬŮƸˣһʹ俨ЧּĿƬֻڴУһΪ˶ԸǿǴĴ󣬱ΪԽɵ̲׿û뵽ӳˣǵڶ֣鷳֣ܴ󡣡
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ʣŮڴǺںٶֻ֣ܾˣЦȻҪȥģָʵһ˿ϣһָʵ㲻ǺںӵĶ֣Ҫ俹һҲû⡣
󴬣Ҫȥ
ϢƬ֮ԶΧԪͻȻ֮׼õĴֻǰӸߴԿЩֻͬ½һ㣬󴬷ȥȻ׼󴬵ˡ
˿ҲǸ԰ŴֻºűһЩһսʿϵһҳԼʮ׵ľʮǿ׳սʿ󴬻ȥ˿һһγĴֻаңн٣ǰǸŮһͺᣬҲֱʮҵĴֻҲٵңȻЩں֮ڲͬܽ󴬵ĶһЩûпԪµģԼ
һν󴬵˾ʹﵽǧһЩСľ͸ˣ̵ֻôģˡ
ǳˮ򣬺ˮ峺ֱӿСһ󴬷ȥҲʮ׳ۡ
ԿڴΧһԪְԪֱּͬԪһͬʵʣȻǼ᲻ɴݣԪڻȻҪ˶þͻɢ
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ĺˣҲܵģЦ˵һԶڶബֻ
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֪ƤڸıֶΣ˿עԪˡ
˴˿̣ػŴ󴬵Ԫֿʼֱʧ
ˣ󴬵ķִˣ尡Ԫֻʧ죬֮󻹻³ֻ֣ʱ䣬ץʱ䰡
壬һһҪ㹻ĺô
ֵǣһʱһĵطвٺöγɹˣ˵ǾǳȵĴ
ֽкһʱǷ׷ʼһǰнԭԪֱ򣬵ûôżΪ̽նʱޣ㹻ʱ䣬ʵϴﵱΣأҲֻܽ뵽ص򣬷Щڴеıء
ȵЩС˵ȳ֮ŷֱ룬ֻǻ棬ִǸһ
׿Ŵ洬϶ȥܿ͵˽ǰڿ󴬵ĵطкܶ͹ĽʯԶԿۼϺ֡
ϺԱĻҪ֮࣬Ϻֵļ׿ϻһŹֵ·
һŴŴȥЩ컯Ϻ֣ŮмһҴϴҴǰվľٿȥҴϸʮսʿһʮﵽԪսʿ֮ǺЩϺɱһ
ЩϺֵȻڶ࣬Ԫȼߣ˺ܿͱսʿɱΪˣҲսʿϾЩϺֵ̫࣬ҲвԪĴڣЩɢҪϺͨѶȾ൱һСģȫû
һ˵սʿʵЩ·ĴֻȫȻЩʯΧͣ£˶´ߵĴ󴬡
ʵϴ󴬵ĴϷǳߣֱͬһɽһ㣬Ҫȥܷмֱǲܵ񣬵ǿһſ˿̴ѾƿһȱڣӦǺ֮ǰͱƿˣȻһڣ׳СһƬֻķ紵ĹŹ


һٰʮ ˱
ǹ棬ȵ󲿷սʿȱ֮һ͵͵һֻѻ֪ɳһֻźǱߵķȥһֻ˽ȱںϢĸȥ
Ȼӵʥ䣬ԽתΪеѻȻƣѻķ飬Ȼ󴬵ΣķõıȷΣգΪʲôҪ͵͵ٺǱߵҲһ˿ԤУ˿϶һЩ飬ԼǼȻѾǲɻĳУôյ˵ĶҲǱҪġ
ЩĶأŮȱ֮ûκ˷֣֮Ÿڶսʿһ뵽󴬵ȱڡ
ֻһֻŸ̤Ǹȱڣһ벻鷢ˣ̤룬̷һǿҵ𶯡
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ԭѾ򿪣ŻºϵԪ֣˿ͻȻϣ˶˴󴬵С
һһңҲˣ󴬵ڶһǴṳ̂ģ˵ʲô˭֪֮Ըҽ֪ΣգֻҪʵǿҲӳȥں·£һ鷳ǿɾǱ׽һжûˡ
¾һЩССҪ˻ȥܲͨԪֻ֣һԪ֣̾ͱ˻ʹʲôֶζ޷ͻơ
Ҳ˵һԪûеʱ䣬ֱӺ赱պϡ
һʾʼδܶʼӦ֮ߣĽǣһ̽һεıʾԲûԭģ˵ʲôӿٶȴԪ֣Ͼһν󴬵Ķǳȵĸǿ;񣬼ȻˣܺûҪԡ
˵ߣŮҲǵһʱ
ǰռƻǰŮȻҲһ澭˵䣬˷Ҳû¶ʲôţһսʿŮ޾壬Ҳ漴
ֻǸղ˭ûע⵽ˮսʿŵĺޱޱ¶һ˿ײЦݡ
ʼˣڿʼˣŴ֮ñ̤ͬ󴬣ǽ⿪ǸֲĵһһҪֻͣͣҪЩһָɵƻߣôͿԲҪʵˣͣ͡ޱޱ΢΢൱˷ܣֻ˿ûע⵽ӡ
ղҲһֻ󴬷һ֮󣬱³Ԫ±պ֮⣬ûκⷢ˿ͬʱҲǰȻԪӦҲûз֣ղ̤󴬵һ˲䣬ͷϴŵĴ֮ñȻ¶һȻЦ
˹һĻ˿ԻˣϧԪӦ˵Ǳ̬˶û˿˾͸ˡ
һʺܿƽϢһ̽һεӰÿһҲǶһεѹ˭֪ıȻã޷ȥٶıҲûãÿſһΣΣķĵطһ꣬˭֪ʲôֲ顣
һǰ·϶Ǳһʱʱϼ䣬ұҲб˼ԱԪļʵʤġ
֪ͨһ·ʵһרͨˣü̽һ嶼ͨȱڽ룬Ȼ߹ضͨ봬ա
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·ϣע⵽ܶʵѾˣȻͱϴһգֻõƷ
һЩ裬ܺͽУһֵע⣬һεܣȫϺõľϵ̶ɣȥ壬ࡣ
ҲɺϣϾ嵱УҲкܶ೤ú壬ڴƵε˵һҾ޴ޱȵĴԭˣֵϵˡ
ʱǰ̽·սʿ˵ˣڴ컯һȺϰֻսʿ
Щֹһ࣬ȫǼӲۼףֱ۱϶°Ƿ·һ½еӣһֱͷ쵽β͵ĩˣϰŶ׳ֱֳۣһЩıƳɵҲһЩϵԪʮǿ
ԶȺ壬Ҳ˵һ֣٣ǲ֪ô£ȴкܶ࣬ȫܵ컯ԪӰ죬һҴ󴬵ػߣκ̤󴬵˶ǵĵˣԶǴȺȺ壬æ˵һվĵˣǰѾ޷ֵˣȫԱǰͨĴҲûнģ϶кö
˵ͷϵվսȻʺڵսֱֲһЩֶΣԶںǵѡ
ܿ죬ǰȷӺЩȺɱһ˫ûκνһʹһ߻ռһЩƣֻʱƣӶͻȻɱϰȺ壬һ£һΣС
˿汻ΧҲ·硣
ʱ򼴱һν󴬵Ҳ⣬һ̲סʵǸƿаɣ
ҲҪһЩ׼ڵƿЩԾܿóЩȺ嶼ǷǳսʿǱһһЩƣǾǿԵˮԪص
˿Ҳɫѿи߼ŮˣӦûС
˵һ䣬˵ȥˣΪӺ󷽣ȻҲɱʮȺ壬һ¶ϱĸǳ׽һԲˡ
һֱûгֵŮ˿ҲȡͿƬʼӭˣò˵һԪĸּս̽תɨһǱٶȼ죬ÿһоܸɵȺŮȻﵽԪ֮󣬼ƽĹܷӳΪǿʵ
һ㣬ʵǿʱڶﲻҲŮԪңȻΪƱѹʵӦûһЩ


һٰʮ Ȧ
սʮӣΪŮԪֵļ룬Ⱥ˵ܻʤǵҲԪļֻռƶѣڱɱϰ֮ͬЩȺѡ˳ˡ
ڴȻЩȺΪϤŮû׷Ǿ͵Ȼ̳
һսǽ֮ΣյһսսʿЩʧսʿһսУ˵ľ͸ˣǺܿ죬ŮǰЩȺػһ֮е鶼Ƿһ
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ǿᣬͶܣһЩƬʤ˿Ƭ֮⻹кܶϡԴʯͻףЩԴϡٵ򣬶ǼֵͣȻЩһ塣
һδȻһ˷ޱȣǼһ̽õ·нͱǸڶĺ档
һ·սԽ󴬣ԽΣգһһջܲǷǱĴգЩջ񣬾ԵǵʧˣҺǰͬǣһ˵õʱľΡ
˵ȻڼСʱǰڱʱҲһЩСˣ鲻Ϊ˱Լ˵ģⲻȥ֮£ǶʥκˣһĻ鿴Щ˵սʿҲһܹҪˡ
һԶŮԷôκαʾȻĬˣҲͶһЩԪЩˣȻҲֻǵ㵽ֱֹӽЩǸǵǵƣÿһԪ˿ڸʥϢһ˭Ҳô¡
󴬵ûаҹ֣֮ϢĻҪϢ飬ҲҪͨϢΧԪȻתΪ塣
˵ڶ죬һΣΧȻ̬Ҫ̫֮࣬ǰЩսʿ֪ǵ˾ȻһԸ˵ġҽ֪ȻǽҽҪûӣ˭ʵֻԪЩ鿴Ĵڡ
ǰУʱüͷ΢΢һ壬Ϊ֮ǰųȥźһֻѻǰ治Զĵط
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һ·ûƵ⣬Աֱӵȥһûбľ޴壬ɫԪ֣˵Ԫֻкһܴ򿪣϶мΪıأпŮµı
һҲǵ˵ͷڴһʱ䣬ʶѾ֪󴬵ĲҲǷֵȼģЩͨĲֻҪһЩ·Ұ޺עȺػ߾ͿԽ룬һЩ߼Ĳûô򵥣߼ڻԪϱҪЩԪҪһЩֶΣ֮ǰһһɢŰɫâֵĲ壬ʮսʿĹŽ򿪣еɫԪ֣޷򿪵Ĳ塣
ôǲǺҲǸط뷨ƿЩɫķ֣
ܿҡҡͷúһɫķ׿Ȼ֪ôûɺ᲻֪ǿûкһģΪʲôҪôã
ȻᵽŨŨıζЩ˵Ϊһ˵ûϢԴԴ˿ֻװ֪
ǰѾˡ
ʱŤͷ˿սʿŵСˮеĺޱޱһֱ˫Ŀƺʲô¶һ㡣
ܿ죬鵽ǸطüͷһǣԼ֮ǰųȥѻ⸽ȴûа㺣Ӱӡ
Ծ⡣
̷Ż˽ŲγɶΣյĸ֪һ̣ͻȻͣ˽Ų
һʦǽӽʦȻʵ󽵣ƾʦ֪ʶԼԪӦ̷֣˲˿󣬶ǲֹһ
ֻԪŮҲǶԷȻֶθֻӵһЩϡеĵ߼ǿĿЧҲֻǸоڣ֪
ԽˣԽ⡣
ߣȴҲЩ֣ѯʣȴͻȻɫһ䣬ȻֽԼһȥ
һ±Щ֪룬˸˳֮ǰ漸׵ĵطͻȻһԪϣγһ۵״ϣǰһ˾档
ͬʱΧȺˣһ֪ôˣȺһ塢ỹһȺȵȻһһ塣
ӣȻԤıѾá
ŮһʱҪǷϣһʺͺںӻ⼸ﵽԪ弶ĸһ֣ΧŮǳһˡ
ƣԥһűܣǾֻе
ܳȥʲôͷ˿ˮޱޱֻɫЩ仯ûκζ
֪ޱޱʵʵʺŮҪʱûг֣ȻԷͼı󣬲תһ룬һͺὫһɱ⣬Ҳһ֣Ż޿֣ǹĽҲҪˡ
ѧϰƻ꿨طںһϣòԼ޷ָʵҪߣΪһ弸ǲתĿܣԼͺµӣԲŹԼ
ԱҪӡ
ǿűٿ񱼣ȻŹȻǷֳԪļĸֳ׷ɱͱнʮ˴ʺһ飬µٶȸ졣
ٿŮһˣ˿ɫҰףһκһķ̫ͻȻ׼ֳ֣һ⣬һһܲˡ
Ϊʲô׿ԩ޳ΪʲôҪôŮ˿˫Ŀʵ
ΪʲôֻǾЩ̫£ҪҲһˣһνһľȫɱʱ׿һҴ󴬾ǵˡںֳһɢźɫԪײе䵶Ц˵һѵЯԪҲм˺
ô˵ղŴ󴬵𶯻պϵԪҲǸĹˣŮ¿˿Լ²ѾǾ
ǵǣǻûֶΣģǼһҲ޷ֻҪܳ㣬ﱻһʲôһԪɻῪʱǻ뿪뵽󴬹Źֵ𶯺ͱպϵԪݣʺͺں϶¶һ˿Ȼһ϶ԸŮǳﻮѾãȻǲܷղ˵ĵû٣ʵһӦҲûΣա


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ںӺʵĻŮǳˣȻ֪Ҫͬʱ֣Լû֮ǰЩ˵ˡ
ӣӲˣֲ
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Ů˿̷˲Ц͸һ˿û䡢ʺޣŲϲĲ£˿̷ǻָƽ
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ǾȻȫðĹ⣬·һҫ۵ĹԴ޷ֱӣŮҲһðһҫ۵Ĺ⣬ÿһϵĹⶼңӦƺһ
Щʲôڴ𣿡ں۾һɣðһ˿顣
Ҳһ裬ͻȻ֮뵽ʲôæˣ
ΪԪĸ֣ʵٶȾϿ죬ںҲΧһЩԪ弶ĸֶҲ죬Ǻȥ֮ȴǰͻȻһɿֲĺϣͬϢһ㣬˲䳬׷Χȫ˪ǣȵЩ˪ɢѾ˵ȫشʡںӵڶֲͷðһ⡣
ǰѾһƬأûüӳֱӱҲǱ⣬ֳǵǵƤϸһ˪Ƥɱ⣬һͬ˰ĸʬһ㣬Ȼеһ㡣
һһ¶һһ֮£ȻһҲͬھȫһɫ飬ʺͺںӶ֪̬
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ʧȷЩˣܸɵһ壬ǻ׬ˣǿһжһ鷳ǵҲˡں˵ȻŮǰôһµȷǳǵԤϣڴ޷뿪ֻһԱӦû⣬Ҫ̽ѰȴЩˡ
ˣղҿʱʵ
ģѾԪļĸ׷ˣӲˣںʱ˵ΧһŷѾû˶ԷӰӣ׷ӵ
죬ߵǸСӺгȥɵʱ򣬺ںƤվ˵
ƤҲԪ弶ĸ֣ȥԸһԪļһԪϣ˵ֵ
ãȥɣȥأںӵͷ˵ƤЦһ̴һ˳ȥ
ˣѾˣҲǽһͷ󻼣ڽһһɫգʱ˵
ղˮڰ֮⣬ûб˿̼ǿ׳ǰˮ˹ˮĺޱޱǴʼնû¶ʲôرı飬ƺովɱûаëǮϵ

ͱٿ񱼣ﵽԪļ׷ͱûҪͣǲͣܣΪ֪ԶԷĴ󲿶ӣ˵ʵԪļĶ֡
ȻĵƵģϱҪɵԪļҲпܣҪӵһȫش
Ϊˣ͵͵߶һֻѻɧǸԪļһֻѻ˸ղŵĵطӵ˵Ķ
ʮӺ˲֪չ˶ٲڣĵذֱȥһ㣬ͬûͷӬһܡ
ԪļҲߣһͨͱ׷ϡ
̷ֿ˰Χһ¶ߺ޵ı飬һγ׼ֱӿ
ʱ򣬱ͻȻоʲôһ˲ʱ䣬¶˼ȱ˵ɫ˾ȻǴҲǲԶԪͻȻ˾ҵĲ
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㱴ʱɲóйʿҲӦԪļˡ
ѹû뵽ͬһԪͻȻ¶һͷǰûӦֱӱʿһצķɣѾأͼһһĲӾͱ˺顣
ͻȻϮȻǰķϹʿһ൱ϡһæȫ͹ʿԼķɱ
֪ﵢʱ䣬˲ֻԪļһԷкԮ⿿ʿͰķҲС
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ǰķǹʿԪļﶼǶڣټõвϹܿͽԪļɱ
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Žգſȫ׵ˣЩٵǣϾȻһɫ֡
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ڹʿҲӣƤȻΪѲǹʿܿһҲҿֻٶ༸ֻǵͷܡ
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ЯǿԪ޽Ȼ޷ǽƤ㹻˺ףԷԷ󲿷ֵԪԪҾ൱ǿҲ˵ֻҪЯԪ˺ǡ
ôôѲĶƤ˾ԪĴҼԣԸֽƤˣԪȼٸ߶ûãֻͨѹֽƤˡ
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˲ʱ˫۷飬ؿڷƣһЩûƤ˹ǵƫƫƿκԪҲ˵ʹԪֻһЩףѵֵԷĹ
ƾƤ˵ٶٶﵽԪļĳ̶ȣոأǸƤֳæˣֻʮ׺Ѿ·ˣǽڡ
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գ֮ƤѾǵǰͬʱδҲͬһ㼱ȥ
Ƥ˸üٽͱδֻУֻһľ촫ǸƤ˾Ȼֱӱ˺롣
ƬʱɢһأƤ˼飬ǵز
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ʣµǸƤˣʿӦÿԸ㶨ֻҪһЩʱѡ
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ͷһһı˿̺΢Цˣȡ֮һֳ޺û䡣
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һ仰ȴͻȻһһͷͷ̫죬ЩץסҪȴʲô벻ˡȻղ˵һֹŹֵ뷨Ʋ⡣
˵ʵʿҲͷһֵˣýʿĳЩƤʿ˺СΪýʿĳҪԪģֻйãһ仰˵ȻЩƤʿֻԪļҵʵʵȴǸΪѲ
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û˵ǿǱɫֱŵĴմš
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⡭ˣҲˡ
ɫ־ȻʧˣôܣϤ󴬵ıֱԼģһ̣ǺԿһۡ
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һǰȥӦ˹ҲǼæϣȻҲʿһйһΣգҲӦԵķ
̣ͱû˵ֱߵմŽǰƿ֮󣬲ġ


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˽֮󣬴մйرա
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ⲻһ̾ͿһѾˣֻ֪ʲôʬԱֲҿֱ
ȷһ˿ǱȻҲȡȴǶԺһ岻ΪȻҲѹ֣Ϊ֪ĺһչ¶ʵǿҲԪһԪļԸɼġֻ֪һӵл꿨ԽʵһЩ̽鿨޷֣֪ǸһޱޱǱŮҪԪ֣Ͳôˡ
˿ͬʱȴЩ棬ɫֱµĲﾹȻһһı걾ʵͷԡ
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ѾѲڵˣӷŪĵйڿԪߵļɣڵԪһ˺ְҵΪ˼µĲֲֿϮɱɺͽս֪͵ֶΣΪһҪյĲʹذսѧԼ͸ֶֿΡ
˿һЩ˿ƤЩ򵥼ӹһ¾ͿԳΪ׵ĿߣĵЩҲЩ⡣
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ЩջǸǵõˡĳˡȻǴ㲻תߣһ¿ǳֽԼͷϵĴñ
˵ȻʲôĿģҶὫ㶪յղҲٴ㡣˿̳Ŵñŭ˿һĻԻΪǲǷˣȻһñ˵
Լ̫ȷǽ֮ǰһϵԼΨһֵûɵģ֮ñܶ飬ǵõ֪ŷģȻ֪ԼľٶȥЩЦԼƲⶼֻǺҲ룬ǲôԼҪԡ
ȻĶˡ
һ嵱ǲˣƺõĳ˵Ȼ߹һ򿨣ĽһΣͷҲص뿪
һ̣ΧĻþʧ˲ʶָֻ˹˽һԼվǸ֮ڣǰǺı걾˿ûʶղŷ顣
Ψ˿ץһñԼһɢԪ򿨡
ñӻǸñӣѾ֪ԲһͨñӣԼʶĴڣ˵ȫǻԵɺϣʵڴ֮ǰкܶˣֻһ˸뵽ñйء
ǣñо˿ŹֵԪ
룬ǽñӴͷϣղԼ˵ĺףú꿨ĿطԼͻȻԷŵˣôԼҲҪչ£ҪǣԼñֻ߲鷳
ҪĿƻ꿨ط㵢飬˸䣬ʼһ򿨡
һҪʹã˵򿨣һּ¼طĿƬֻҪֱͿԣȻǺһƻ꿨ط˵ŬôãһǵóԸ
ѰһҲûջ񣬲ɵЩʧһ뵽ͬŮ͵ͬھ͸оǵĳޡ
׿ϵŮǼΪݵģǵʱߣ϶Ҳһͬس
ڣͬŮ˱ΨһĿ꣬ĵ˺ǿһ廹ǺᶼܶԿģñΪա
ʱڲſڵĹʿͻȻ˫Ŀӿһâͬʱ⴫˽Ųͽ̸
ۼǴʧģҿһ϶棡
Сһ㣬֮ǰɱǺԪļ֣ǧҪУһһȥʲôҪ˵ֱɱ֣һ󣬲žͱƿ
ãǺ׷ˣʧɫһ̣ſھͳ˼˵ӰһʶȻǺһ᳤ƤˣԪ弶֣Ƥ˱һʱЩˡ


һٰʮ ָʵ

ʿһʱȥƤ˿ɲ֣ͨһʱͷӦһſƬٻֻߴ˺͹ʿɱһ
ʱ䣬æȴǿڵһǰƯһſƬһͷΣڹϣ̹һﾹȻʹ򿨣
ʹ򿨵ʱǲܵģұҲȥѶԷԷǿūѾٻˣı岻ԪҲﲻʲôæǱϣǾ͹ʿϣֵܵסԷһһöԷѹסʿôˡ
ڵǿƣڴռ䲻󣬹ʿ޴ͺǿʵסһԲӦǿԵֵ
ʱ򣬱Ǽʶʿǿĵطʿɹýʿ϶ɵģһӲԪ弶ֿ֣ҲԸԷսˣ˿̹ʿǷַֺϺϣȻöԷһԪ弶Ԫļ޷
еԭҲкܶ࣬Ҫʹ֮ǰѾʿ´ҪǾǲϧһдҲҪԷ赲⣬Լȡʱ䡣
Ȼ˭Լ꿨ֳɵģҪֻտƻ꿨طôһҲ˷̫ʱ䣬Ÿʱʹ򿨡
ʱƤ˵ȼĸִ˿һҵһЦֹƤˣ˿ͨһ¡
˵ЩһôܻԪļĸ֣ԭʿֲãע⣬ʿԭǺĲƲǱǸϸƭȥģһҪעⲻҪʿɱҪ׽ѱֻҪû˹ʿԷûκˣʱôò˵Ƥ˻ʮϵģһ۾ͿʿҪԣֻ̰ģ»ùʿȨûȫ֣Ԫ弶ʵҪܹʿҲǲܣ˵кüԪļİ֡
ɣָȡһЩʱ䡣
ʮӺ󣬹ʿͱЩ֧ŲסˣԷϾһԪ弶ӣгĿƬģƤٻ˾ȻһƬٲƹʿɱԽ࣬ʿϵĸԽࡣ
ǼӹȥѾǱٲȫ޷ýʿֻܴԾ£ս
һǵʵʹۿۣϾĻǹ׼弶һʧȥǿЭýʿҲҲԵֵˡ
˿ýʿոջɱһˣһߵƤǿסᣬֱ˦һſƬ󻨷˵Ԫ
һýʿͻȻðһڴϸ٣ٶȼĽڵУýʿôٵ
һĻһһԪļץסᣬֱһڵء
ԷĵЯǿԪкܴɱ˿̱ӶѾ뵽˵С
ս̫ˣһ©֮ȻҲԪļʵ治ôһסһԪļִ˿̿ŵЦһˣļȥʮ
ˣڹýʿסȥǸԪϸɵｵʿƤ֪ʤˣ˿˭תˣҲЩϡ
ЦһĥһݣȻŵ򴬲գȻͿĺ걾Щ˵ļʶȻóһʬ壬ȻʬǾûʲôµġ
Ƥʱһ۲ȴ˵ˣڣ㲻ҪģЩºܿȥ㣬߹ȣһ㶼µأ
仰ǹԷҲǡˡ
˿̵պ˶Ի꿨طգǴþ˳¾Ƥŵ
ûж۾˿ܵʶʲô
طʱЩһ﹥˽ýʿأһ̿ðһŭ𣬴˿̱ȱܵشԷ飬ûɢһ·϶չмӣͽԷѣзһɱ
պãǸһŵ˹ʮֲмĿһ۵ϵȻ˻䵶ԪɱֱҵĵȻǸ᳤ģֻˡ
˵꣬·ʮֲԸĻӶ䵶ֱն
ǽûпԤжԷһ룬Ѫ罦ĳǿۼһâת
˲׷ʲô飬һƬڰ
һߵƤ˵ȴǿ׼նɱԷǸ˾ȻͻȻȡһѳŵٶȺնͬ˵䵶ԼԴһ
١׼ַϵһһԪӵеģ˵ٶȺͱԪļĸҲҪȻҲ޷Ӧͱɱ
䵶ĶԼѪܵԴڵϣʬ嵹أʱƤǲŷӦ˿̵ڵϣҲǿ̣ͬǱ˵
ɺϣһɺϣˣĽ϶һѱƤʱ˵⻰⼸ĸҲ˿ǲģֻı
һֳּڹǰһ
ԸϣĽҪˣڹ˵꣬ȥԷ;޴һ͸֣ϵĹ׸ǼޱȣкۣܶǷǿ
˵ȴһ̳˿쵽£ʩչ
ಣͣ
ڹ˸ؿھͱһѪ֮꣬һֲĴȻǵ۾أֱӱ
ޱȵֶɱԪļĸ֣һ¾ɵҲ֪Ծˡ
Ƥ˵Բ۾ƺ뿴Էô£ʲô룬ӿһɱȴǴһһϣɱ
ò˵Ƥ˾ʮϵûд󣬸ûСƶ֣һ־ȫΪҼƱȶԸʿʱҪ棬ϾղɱʿȴҪɱˡ
һ˲䣬Ԫ弶ǿսչֳһ־ȫΪ⼸ԪļһͬƺԵĲһԪ֣һֲԪ弶۷壬Ԫĸһ
Ԫ弶սʱľȷƤ˦ļſƬҲɫһ䣬ȻǻָʵƿڵĻ꿨˵ɻԪļȻһαʵ֮ǰҪɲԪ弶һս˭˭Ӯһδ֪ӵսʱ


һپʮ ˮ
꿨һĴڣӵл꿨֮ԽԼһּԪ弶Ĵڣڵս˵Ѿ˵Ԫ弶κԪļǰѾֵһᣬǻ꿨һֺôֻոտƻ꿨̫Ϥֻԭս
Ƥ˷ųĿƬһŻһֲԼǱɫҺɵĶߣɱʮ㣬Ȼһָ߼⼸ԪļҲһ𷢶͵Ĺֹ֮£Ԫ弶Ҳһɱ
Ȼѹûʱ䲼÷󣬲ֶȻֹˣȻѾָʵԭѾԼʹá
鿨ʯ֮ܣ˦һſƬǰһ޴ޱȵʯ֮ܡ
ͨķҪǿ࣬ʯ֮ԵֵԪ弶ֵĹ
޴ˡҺߺһԵĺʯ֮ϣֻ޴صʯֻ֮΢΢һȴûκ
ֻһо͵ֵסƤǵĽƤȻҲһʶˣ˿̶ڿеʯ֮ܣƺǻʲô˿־֮ɫ
ûƤǰļʶҲѹ֣Ƥ˺ǲͬƤʮǰ뵽򣬶Ǵһʼʹ򣬲֪
Ƥ֪Ķǲ֪
Ƥ˺µĶͬҲϲ˿Ƥϳʯ֮ܣԭмȫʧȡ֮Ǿ֡
㡭ƤЩˣڵԪ統У˭֪Ԫʦ
һǿֲޱȵĴڣʦ֮иӵĹϵ㲻ʦѧͽҲ˸ǣΪһѧͽܿܽԷʦʦȦӣһƤᡣûнʱĳǿԵĳԱǸǿ˺ܾã˿ʼһյ˲ܵĴڡ
֮ɱһѧͽʦıһ¼Ƥ˲ͬɥ֮Ȯһ˳Ȼ뵽
ԶʦѧͽĿ־壬˭ǿҡ
ҲΪһֲľһ۾ϳʯ֮ܡ
Ƥ˵ı֪ԷϳԼˣһȻȫסԷԵ̶֣޽һԪļĸնɱ
ûֱӹƤΪԷ߻ūͣĿѡϡ
ƤҲӿ־лع
ѧͽʦҲ£򣬾ԪʥõҲ룬֪﷢飬ȻˣΪʲôҪ£Ƥͨһ㣬ķŭԽǿңһ仰һĿɿڴ
㵱ȻҪ£Ϊұǿʱ˵
Ƥ⻰̴һ£Ȼڶ벻ͨΪʲôһԪϣͻȻô
ֻϧҲ˼ʱ䡣
һˣƤ³˹ȥķչͬ˵ģѾƤƿˡָʵܿǿĿƬ޽Ƥ֮ĺȫɱΪֱӹƤˣδؿһЧЩԪļɱ֮˵ʵҲܴϳ׻Ƥˡ
ʲôֶζʹãδ֣ԼûκֵܵĹ
Լе¶ڵϣƤ֪ԼһˣһǵĶֻ֣ںڣȻˣָӵ޷ٷ֮ٷӳʵ
ʮ֮ƤҲ˵ϣ屻նΣ۾ȫǲ־塣
̣˱ԷһſƬɵĶҧһ֮⣬û˺ǶĶأܹ綾˵ʲôҲƤ˳ױһĻ֮öԷľһе춨ʤ֡
Ƥ˵֪ʵǶԾ󲿷ֶߵġ
Źýʿ󶼱նϣȻȥ˿ѾΪıߵڶһţȻףǸֻԪ̹ţΪʲôͻȻ
Ӳ˼Ļں档
˵ѾɵڿִһԪ֮󣬾ȻԼ徹Ȼǻָû֮ǰҪǿ׳ɢҲȫԭ
̹ţô£ʵ̲סʵ
ҵѣԲ⣬Ҳ̹ţҽ

󴬵ĳһһͬ򳡰СĴգǰһ޴ɫԪ֣Ԫ֮ڣƬ˿ϰڽǸɫԪ֣˵ĽǻԳƣƺ˶þͻᱻơ
ĵϣɢżƤ˵Ƭ֮ǰ˸ɵˡ
ټһѾ֣Ķ͹ˣʱзݣһ˴
ûǲһδԪǰպϣΪСǱҪŽȻʲôô̲ܻɥ
һȻǺÿһ˶ǴԼ̣Щ˱ǳ֮󴬵ЩСĳԱ
Ƿ޴ĴԼıεƤˣ˶ڣڸʮĴ£ǽƤ˴ƬãһɫԪ֣Ȼƾȡı
Ⱥ棬ǰոոϵͱҲվûв뵽УûнԪ֡ǶŵƤ˵Ƭ˿һðŹֵͷͷһֽƤ˵ʱˡ
Ǿ󴬣ܿܲһءЩƤˣҲΪػЩƤˣĸ컯˰ΪΪ˱ıӦýǶڴǾ޴Ԫ֮⣬ֻҪԪֿͲν̽գȻ˭Ҳܽ뵽󴬵С
Ȼֻһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ҲΪЩϳŻô룬ʵΣڻжϡ
ĿںǸɫֵˡ
Ųţʱһ𣬿һԪ֣ǻֱӴվں˵˷ָʵҲ࣬Ҫǰ͵ˡ
˻꿨һǿĺôǾǿԼԪȼ뵽ޱޱҲǿԽʵصļã̽⿨ֲˣڣԼҲ
ԪʵҲֻߵı֪Ƕôµһһ
ʱǰԪֺȻ飬˲ң˶ȿֺĳȥһЩСͷԼҲá
һܿ˳ͻЩ˻࿪ʼɱ
˵ʲôʱͻȻüͷһ壬Ȼ֣ûκζһ̣ͻȻһӰ
ҵˣСӣҺңߣǸӰһѵץס󣬾ȻǴ㽫ߣûֻǸ˱һҪƣȻɶԷԼߡ
ΪѾͻȻֵˣǵںϼԼ֮ñǸˮ֡


һپʮһ ؼƻ
ˮץȻͬһ٣ֻգ֮ʧԶĹսǡ
ûзԴƲԼԴ֮ñˮѾǱΪص㻳ɶ󣬶ϸ֪ˮ⣬ԭܼ򵥣Ȼ֮ñԿƴֻУһͼֵǣ˵޼֮ҲΪˮֻˮԪԾǰͣҪ˵ϼһûĿ˭š
ټˮֳףˮֶȻҲıȻˣǵ翴ԷҪʲô
֪Լл꿨飬ˣǾԼͷϵһñӣδֽñΧôǿſݽñӶУôĿĺܼ򵥣ֻҪԼκ쳣߲Լ̾ͻ߶֣ñӻ
ȻñܴܿһʶôԷ϶Լ
һ·ˮֶû˵Ҳ֪ñûкͶԷСʱˮֽһʮֳ¾ɵĲȻ˽¿˿ȻǴǽһš
ȥˮָָǸźİСͨ˵
ˮûκ쳣֪ñӹûкͶԷ˵ʲô룬ͷ˽ȥˮǸں档
ͨһֿͨܵһۣˮһ·Ϻٿָֻĸںڰʮӣǵһڡ
ǳڳװľʵդդ⿴ȥԿһ޴ĴգִȻ֮ǰҪ̫࣬ǽ̣ԲͬΧкܶԷâľʯΪƷעĿģȴһʯ
Ǿʯִޱȣ˻δܱȦȥһһ㣬ֱӴ봬յײ֪û˶뵽ʲôط
һʯϣӵͼһȦһȦһһ㣬ճ״ǶһͬƤϵ·
⾧ʯϣӦ˼ǿԪֻǿΣ֪ʲô
ǾʯΧһЩƤ֮⣬ǰ滹ڷһľ
һж˾ʮֹ졣
СӣҲҶҴǸһĺôúôţȻԪļ۷壬Ҳܽɱˮ˵꣬չ¶һ˿ԪһӦǴﵽԪ弶۷ĸ֣ʵƤ˻ҪǿϺܶ࣬ԼͷñӣȻǽԼʵˮֻ֣Էô쵽ģӦ
ͻȻһֽͷñ˺ͷһ̣ȴָһƺʲô
˿ָǷͨĵϣղָϾȻһ˿Źֵ·ȻﶼľʣкܶطһЩĳĻ·͵̣ϸµЩ·Ȼһ˵ķ֡
澹Ȼ֡
ȻǵԪ֣һ֮£ǿϳһЩұ߿ʼһ֡
˾ʯط
һ񣬼ȥȻ滹УȻûеͷΪͨʮְ۾Ҳ֣ˣҲܻᱻˮֿߡ
ɫǱϣȴǳˮʵô֪Ԫļ۷壿
ˮƺϵôʣЦܣ֪㣬ֶζ࣬ʵǿҲԲҵĶ֣ΪҿԿͨԪ涯֣ԲҵĶ֣ҵĻһҿһϷȻҪһ£³֮ҪʲôҶԸ㣡
ˮ˵ţ󣬵оԷָϵľˣԼȫֵǶԷֻҪԸ⣬Լ
һȴû˵Ƿ˶ԷǱЩ֣ԽԽǾνľ˾ʯطʵǷǳҳǸӵԪط֮⣬鱨
ЩֵһѴǰĳԱĳϮ׹֮Ǿܵǿ˵ĹǴսʱƿصǿ˾ʯҲΪû֮ء
ǸԱǴţſƾ˾ʯطֻʱˣǶͨطӡ֮뿪
Щӡֵлᵽ˷ǳص飬ǾǵʱһѴ󴬵ĴʵΪǿս֮󣬽һʶתƵñӵУҷԸеĴԱֻҵԴϴ֮ñˣȻȻѪιʳʬ壬ôͿ¸
һսǽ⿪һš
ԭԼΪԴ֮ñŻΪһؼƻһɻȱɲ֡
һͺƲˡ
ˮֻǺޱޱ϶ǵʱһѴϵĴԱǻǴҴߣΪôǲŻƻ֡
ǾҪΰĴͱҵԴϴ֮ñˣǸ˾Լ
滹һ⣬ʵʣǱǺޱޱˮ֣ʵǿĸ֣ΪʲôԼñӵǸʱֱӴԼԼǵĴ
Ϊʲôǲôһ̣˽Ƥˣһ𰸡
ǲôͬԼƶϵģҴֻʣޱޱˮ֣ôʵȻǿЩƵҵʱǵĴ׹ĵ˿϶ҲǼΪǿЩƤ˾ǵжսߡ
ƾޱޱˮ֣϶ܻôĽƤˣҪ֣ȻͳΪɫ
һƲ⣬ν̽գҲһıĿľΪЩΪ˱ضۺĸ󴬣ƤˣӶЩ¶ֵ
ޱޱˮôһģֿ֪ĺܴ󣬲ϧǣҪ󴬿϶һ׵飬Ͳһſһˡ
˿ǰǱˮִԼԵɺ֮·Щ֣ôԼԶ֪еˡ
ˮΪʲôûзЩ֣ҲǶԷ̫죬ƽʱҪͨ
˿Ǹľʯ룬Ƕνľ˾ʯˣȻǹ˾ʯĿط˵ûõϣͿǸײģײŵģ϶Ǹ
ֻнԼѪιʳԷʹ临ЦһҪӵѪɲô׵顣


һپʮ 𷴻
ʱǸյͻȻһɹâصһײһȺ˳˽ȻһͺϴٶˣĶԪԪļʮˡ
һȦ뵽ԭһˣ˿ֻһ룬Ȼ˵һطسɱҲС
˿ʺͺںӣ˴һȺ򣬽֮ǱյݻסˣǸǿǸײĺͺ޴ľʯ룬Ȼʲô϶һ
һο϶ıأСӦԣ
ãﾹȻʮƤˣСģ
ͷֱǴ֮ЩƤ˾̳˹廹ǺᣬгľԸЩƤˣϾ̽տɲǽһꡣ
ͽ׳͸־ͳ˳Щϣӵбͬǿսʿ˿̣ǾȻǾͬľľƵǰ档
ЩľһֻȫǱŰ廹Ҫ޴صʵľʲôľͷƳɵģЩľͷԲͬѰΪЩƤ˵ĹȻ޷ƻЩľܡ
ʣЩľܿ϶̽Уܽľ飬ЩƵľƤ˵ĹȻòԪش֣̽óľ飬ȱˣҲҪϣϾƤʵ̫ѶԸˣʺͺںȸ֣ҲͽƤսǵԵҲԸ⡣
ޱޱںˮεУΧһͺ˿أȻ˭ûн£ΧֻԪ˿ء
һͺ˶ڣȻһЩ£ʮӺ󣬻ǽʮƤ˴顣
ԺĸоˮڿʮƤ˱ɵֳ˷ɫȻطˣֻΪЩƤ˶޷룬½һͺṥȻǴǵԸԿ϶ûЩƤˣˮֺޱޱ϶жϾǴʬڣһƻˣǿˡ
ķչͬƲһˮʱЦһȴһץסȻǰľդֱ˳ȥͬʱԪ弶۷ʵҲչ¶졣
ˮͻȻʺͺںӴһǳԾĻں档
ޱޱˮδ˿ҲȻޱޱһԾΧȻһˮͬʱԪʵҲչ¶
ޱޱɲͨԪǴﵽԪ۷Ĵڣһչ¶ʵʺͺںӵٴС
һԸŮΪŮʵǿ¶ԷʵԾʹΪǿͻȻðһŮҪǿԪЩˡ
ǣǿĸ֣Ȼ֮ǰǵߵĺһ塣
֮⣬ںһ۾Ϳˮץʶʲôæˮֵ㣿Ҽǵ㣬ǰԸǺᣬСӣĪҪͷ
ں˵꣬һ˫۾ŷֲɫȻ۾һּΪǿڴ֮ǰ̹ˮָ֪Էĵơ
ںӣȰһ˫þ֮۶ԸңˣܻܿὫڳˮ˵⣬ҿɲΪСӳͷҲΪ˶ԸǺᣬ˵ʵһҪллǣǣҺޱޱܿ⴬Ĺҡ
˵ˮֿһԶĹľͶһɳ֮ɫ
⻰ʲô˼ԴˮʲôҪ鱨˿һ
Ļ˵ɣޱޱ˿˵һ۶ʺͺںӣȻָŵѾɢܵĽƤ˵ӼЩǶײλˣ˼˵ǰæǸɵЩƤˣҺܽ뵽ΪǱ䣬Ƥ˶սĻɣǲŻν̽գøλֳЩƤˣ˵ʵλЩǽ̽մǵĴ̵˲ٺôҲǹˡ
ޱޱһ仰Ȼ󲨣ѾҲһ
û뵽ޱޱͺҺƤ˶սԭȻΪܵ䣬֮սԲҪ˵֡
һôܶ鶼͵ͨˡ
ֲãȻ򣬲֮ǰһЩϸںܽ˵ʵҲܿɹˡ
ʺͺںɫ࣬ҲǴͷ죬ȻǴޱޱ֪Ǳˣ˺ü꣬»˭ջ𣬶ջ֮⣬ǸоǺޱޱ˼Ī󴬵ĴԱ
ڣҺͺȻ֣Ǿ˵һƤҲǸɵˣˣڵȵһ죬Ѿûκι˼ɣʱˣҪһҪ顣ޱޱһȻʺͺںŭЦ
Ц˵˾ͺˣһԪ弶һԪѣĪǻǣŮǶɵˣҪɵҲֻ˳֣ǣ׼쵰ɵʴ˿
ԶڴǾˣڴԪѾΪɺϣǹˣǲԪݣǾԳȥҲԴȻ˶ڣĶδǵĶ֣ȻǲҶǴĿľͻ뿪һЩôޱޱһŵ
£ʻǺںӴ˿̶Ĭˣ˶ת˼ϵ
ʣҿһ˵ģǲҺˣҪʲô滨ٶ֡ںʱС˵΢˼һ£Ҳǵ˵ͷ
һޱޱȻǺʺͺںӴЭ顣
ߴʮף󲿷ֶ˳˴֮⣬ޱޱŶԺ˵ͷʽȥɣ˵Ѫڴϣʺͺںǡ
ޱޱ˵⻰ͬʱȴۿһۡ
˿̣Ѿ֪ȷԼһʼһӣޱޱĽףҲֻǶԷˣļıѡ
һʼǾ뽫ԼѪ׸ǸѾҵĴ
ϵˣҲøлͨܵذϿֵǸˣ׼
ʵϾޱޱͬʱͻȻ
δֱɱĺˮ֣ͬʱһһ֮ȭҲѾޱޱ
䲻ĹͬʱǺҲһ֣ӦΣյͬʱ̲ܣǱܿҪѾõȫһεǿһ½һֱ۽ʵķ飬Ѫģ


һپʮ ţһ
ޱޱҲǼΪԾĿŴľȭޱޱʵϾǰ˿һּΪٵַ˦һſƬͬʱſһɿֲĺ
ƬˮԪܣͷγһƬˮɵĲ񷶥ܣеĺ̽ˮܱ˼ӲޱҫŹâĺ֮ܡ
һ̣ľ֮ȭ˺֮ϣȻûл֮ܣֻǽƣȵ֮ȭɢ΢΢ûЦڣͿһֱ۱ϣͬʱĺ֮ϵѷͻȻ֮ȻǺȻѡ
һȻǽޱޱֶԼסԼҲǳܳɹǿδֵǿԼһǳ䲻⡣һɹ֮ʩչ׷ߣȻ֪ȵǺޱޱعԼûһʤ㣬˵ԶʺͺںԿ϶ǿ϶Լ侮ʯ
ߣޱޱ׷ȥҲһǸҪӣԲʧ
ץסʡںӣǰңҿԸ㹻ĺôеıѡˣкܶطǶû̽ıɽޱޱ˿̴
ò˵ޱޱŮȻƯĳҲһһĺݶ˿ʺͺںӣôǹƥҲһȺ˵Ķ֡
˿ǳųڶȥʺͺںһҲϣ˴ǵһΧҲ֮ǰѾһˣԴ˿Ҳնݳںʮ־Ϳ˶ޱޱʮҪ㽫ãޱޱͺҪۣһɵޱޱͺʣһںӾǵһߡ
Դ˿̳ȥ˫Ŀһֲâʼʩʩչþ
ͷŶԷֱһž֮ȭȥͬʱ׷磬Ǵ߶δֻȻڳһɲǣһΧ󣬽˶С
õĿ󼴱ԪҲ˲ƣٿԸȡʱ䣬һ㹻ˡ
ںӱ֮ȭĺǾ֮ɫ
ǴӸղѾԪʥõطûһ˵ΪѾһԷѧͽʦǽҲɱ󣬷ԪʥõҲ쵽
ֻ˭û뵽ֶξȻ˶࣬Ȼһʦ
ʡںӣһ֣˲󣬾ԲǸһߣޱޱٶȼ죬һӾͳ˹ȥʺͺںҲǵ˵ͷһ֣õΧ˲顣
ȵǳȥѾҲӰǵ׷ٸ֣Ǵ׷
˿ƴȫڿ񱼣Ԫ㣬ʹùȪˮͼѪԪЩȻޱȣǱ˵ǾͲʲôˡ
ȻǻָʵʵǰҪһ¥ѾͬԪ弶֣ǵ˵ǿޱޱʶԪĸ֣ںǶԪ弶Ԫ弶ҲԪļ͸ˣԼһҲЩ˵Ķ֡
Ҵ󴬴˿Ѿգǲӳȥģֻ취һƻҪȥԼİ֡
ͷϵĴ֮ñӳˣȻѾ֪ñдʶȻٴⶫ
ٿʮ֮һʮֹŹ֣а׶ȻһƬ˪ƣȭͷСԲ飬γɵĻ顣
Ů͵ͬھġس
ǸźԶԸоسֲĺ֮һ̤УͻᷢԪȻţһ
˿سϣվһӰ屴Ȼͬ壬Ҳ
û£̫ˣǸץأȻʮָˣûպ˵ʲôæȶ㣡
һһ·ѾѣȻϤԸΣͷԷô˵
Ƕ㵽سһʬ档
ֱͣӳ嵽س룬ҲŮ֮أͣ£öѪʯʳ
ȻץҲܿٻָԪɱȲֱҧֱӣ⼦ѪԪʯرӲܿҧ˼ҴСȥٻָ֮ǰĵԪ
ͬʱȡʥ䡣
ⶫõļƻҪ֣һѡİ֣ûӺޱޱǿ⡣
˿ٻֻūͣȻʥԣ⼸ֻתΪʮֻѻЩѻʼɢɳ䵱ڱ
֮Ԫʥ䣬Ůڵȫ
سܾãԾʮ֮Ҳʹʥ临
֪ŮǺ͵ͬھһ̣ƻѾԺˡ
Ȼصһ㣬Ǳʥ䡮飬Ȼϵҳʥ䣬Լʥˡ
һԼ¾̶һȺҳϣԶᱳѣʵǿսʿӵŮԪ֡
˵һ£һıʱ
ҪһӸ飬ҪĵԪֱһ֣˿ϽԪע뵽ʥ䵱УѾעǧԪʥ˿ͬһ޵׶һ㣬ϵԪ
ЦЦԼ֮ǰõԪҲᶯҡĸҲǣ⸴͸ȫͬĵԪҲһģһ˵ҪһԪҪʮԪһԪļҪˣԪ弶Ԫ鸴Ǽֱһ֡
ȵʥֹͣԪһ㣬ҲǲͷƤ飬Ҫ飬ԼȻóȥԪһһԪпôӺŪʮԪƾԼǰһǻá
Ҳ֪ԪⶫԽԽã˵һԪôԼļƻȻḻ̥С
ټԪʥ˿Ѿ߱˿鸴Ҳ˿ޱޱ׷ü
ʱųѻʼƶ֪׷ˡ
ȻֻƬ֮䣬ޱޱʺͺںԼɱ˿˿ʱǸոպá


һپʮ ţ
̹ţͶɣһ˾ԲǵĶ֣ޱޱ˵޵ϷһɫһԶļơ
ûϾȻʵ˵ֻԪļԪ弶ôһˣҲƲʲôˡںͬЦ˵ѾȲҪˡ
˭˵һˣ˿û˿⣬ȻǺǺһЦ
˵Ǹص飿ʵΪָűĲ֮ЦȻͷ˱
ˣҵԮɲֹһ˵ֱ꣬Ӵ߶ʥľһ̣ʥɢΪҫ۵Ĺâ˲ʱâͬˮһسܿ죬һ鱻ӷسվ
ţڶһٸսʿԭĻ״̬֮սʿԱ֮ǰǿʥԪ£ǾͬõǿӪƷһ㣬һʵǡ
һĻֱˣޱޱҲĿɿڴĿһ¸սʿ˵
ôѾˣ֮ôܻḴʺͺںӶһ˼飬ϾΪһĸ߼սʿǿʧһľ񿴵Ѿսʿһվ˭ᱩס
ǡһʥ䣬ʥ䣬ֲãֻôޱޱͺԼʶ㣬ǿʥ䣬Ҳһ˿Ϊʮþȵļƻû뵽ôನۣһʼû뵽ġ
ܿ죬سųɵ鶼ɹϾҪʥĸ볹׷ʥ䣬Կ϶߰ŮҲܾʥ䣬Ϊʥһ嵱ϵĴڡ
ͼһŵĻ鿪ʼ㼯壬Ů³֣Щãܿ˫۾ͻָǣʮָӣǹΨһҴߣʥΨһڵ飬εȸ߹󣬵Ǵ˿òһͨ˵ͷΪԷʥ䡣
һ˿ãܿʧ٣ȡ֮һĨᶨԶʺͺںӵˣͻȻ˵û뵽ɣ
ʺͺںɫΪѿû뵽ȻԽѾսһ徫ȫ帴ֱЩȴʵɲǲš
⵱˾Ǳ˿ԼͬһѾǻΣȷһĺǳǳ˸м֮ɫ
ڵľѾǳˣǹ¼ҹ˵ʥǹڣһ徫֧֣ҳȺʵӹɣǱʥ临飬ʥģҪԿޱޱʺͺںǾ㹻ıǮ
ˣʿٻ˳ǽķ˳֮ǰΪʵֻʵҪˣҪչ¶⣬ҪϳѹԷ
ķֵʱ˶Է𶯡
ǧʯϾȻһʦȵȻǺںӣȻ޷⣬ȻǿʦΪʲô֮ǰװԪӣԪļӦãСʦӦԪ弶ҿǿɱˡ
ޱޱͺҲһֻû·еĳﻮΪ˽죬ΰĴζҪȥ
Ҳʺͺںԭܼ򵥣֮ǰһȫɱǲܻĳޣһԲ׷ʡںЭ߶ţ֪Էʦֻһ·ߵڡ
ֻҪʺͺںЭҲδذ첻ɡ
һ㣬ֻҪ˶֪ȻҲѹûҪͶԷͽ̸УţΪӭӴսڵľ൱򵥣Ǿ·ʤ
ɱ
̺Ϊǿұ𿴴ʵϿԷҪǿһЩʵԼߵʤʸΪԼӵпԸʥ䡣
ֻҪ㹻ʩչԪôžһ֧ǿġ
ʺͺںҲ֪²кͽĿܣҲӲͷƤˣۺʵҪǿܶ࣬ϾԪĸ־Ԫ弶ҲԷܶ࣬ʤ㻹Ǻܴġ
ɱһûвμսֻҪ̾ʥ临Ԫﻹа˾ţ㹻Ůȫ帴ˡ
ںӵ̾ͷ֣Ȼɱ˫ģԼǾˣǱߣ˻ϸ㾹Ȼûκġ
쵰ʥ临ҲҪԪһôԪçһĸִ˿ŭڵɲѾٴһ룬ˡһԵĺںɫԽ֪ԷԪƺǴǺӮȥġ
и֣Сӳ֣ںϼ޻̴ͷȻֻҪӵʥƣôǲٽ
ںӡޱޱԼһֻ׼󣬶ʯ֮ȫ֣ڲҪֻҪؾͿԣľսֻҪԷ󲿷˶ɵôԪҲԷˣΪԼߵŮҲԪһܲϸ
ޱޱͺںǣսֱǱƵ˾·
λٲó汾£ͱСӵóˣʱǶûùӳԣޱޱʱ˵⻰˵ںģΪ˿Ѿȫֻһֱ֮ǰδ˺ʵ㡣
ںһ࣬ȷûóֶΣҪ֪ǳȵĵڶһԪ弶֣쵼ΪڶȻˢӡ
ںǰһ壬ץ˼źɫĿƬƬһźɫͬһɲһȥȻ˲ͽķȫʴɣʯֳ֮߷Ҳ޷ֵЩɫʵɡ
һ䣬弱æ󳷣Ȼ˭սļƻΨһ߾Լ
һԼԷƻ߻ɱôκμƻˣֻҪֹԷԼҲǲܵģֻܾܷʱ򻹲ܵŮΨһԪ֣Ȼǰʾû˶ơ
һգǾǺޱޱûǴ֮ǰ϶Լɱ֣ҪǵĴͱǴԼڸոȡĻѪҺſԡ
һ仰˵ԼסҲᶪޱޱͺᱣԼҵʱ򣬻ԽǺںӵʱѹϵ
ʵһ·
Ǿǡ˾ʯ


һپʮ ֲࣨһ
ͨڵЩ˾ʯΪȸ߼ֿһֱЧ֣ҪǣԼѾǾ˾ʯĿطֻҪطͿƿؾ˾ʯ
ʱ򣬽˾ʯţԼΪʤĹؼ
ȻڶԷһֱǸãֻϧҲɵӣԼµһջϡ
ĽչҲͬڶԷּԸԼʱԼûֵֶȻţҪȫЩԪ弶ԪĸҲʵϾԷкܶ¡
ֻƬ̣µĸַͱƣںһȳ˹ﾹȻһѺֲ̺ɱֱӻնɱ˹
ӣǴһнɱ
˿ܵΧЩֵںӵնɱںںӵҪնϵʱһǿˮԪһܣֵ˺ںӵն
ǸʲôҪɱǹͬĵˣΪʲôѵ֪žͲܱսʤںԿҪԣֻ֪ҪɵôʧȥʥžͺöԸˡ
Ǿ֮ͬǰԤϵģԼǡĹؼޱޱͺܿԼɱ
˿ޱޱҲûӺͺںӽͣǼһſƬ˲佫һ麮УȻúű뿪
Ǵʲôں䣬Ȼ⺣ˮвɸ˵ĿģҪȻҲҪǸˣǸˣںȴ˱ɱ֮ģΪںԼһܡ
ʮǰֻһĬĬŵĺʵСһκУںҵһĵһΪŹֵľУڷѾ˼ľ֮澹ȻһƻԪɲࡣ
ʣںһˣΪ˵õǿȻ˽ǸԼϣӴˣںӵʵͻͽǻǿޱȵֿһеĺڳ
ڿʱҲӶԷϸӦ˺ԼͬϢĶǺںҪԸԭڿӶԷϵĳֲͬһõ֮ǿ
ԺںӣޱޱȻͣͺ˵ǵĴǵһĿģκ鶼ûһҪˡ
ںӣȰ㲻ҪǣȻһĵĻᶼûУޱޱѾ˱Цһ˵׷˹ȥⷬʵ˵ûһô˶ǴĶ֡
ǿѾӡޱޱļ䵱УҾ˵ܴһҾ޴ޱȵĴ󴬻ģǵһԪĴڣǵʵôܣ
Щ飬ޱޱҲһ䣬Ϊʵֲ̫ˣֲǴĸҲˣѾȥ˺ܾúܾãڸӦòЩ˵ע⡣
ޱޱһǰһĳ򴬳ľڣںںһתǸȥҪԷʲô⣬һɳƻԪĶںҲڱصá
Ԫ弶ϵĸٶȼ죬ֻʮʱ䣬ͻص˴ľڣһĽڵϣǴӻȡһƬЩƬһƯγһǶԲοƴľȻ׼ĳʽ
ޱޱҲͺһۣȻʼΨһڶ⿨
ܿ죬ھͱһӲĺôǲκǵĸʽ
̣ʵ϶Ȼʵϲûʧȥʶ͵͵δֻסԼΧЩӰ켸Ϊ㡣
ڽط֮Ѿʼڰվ˾ʯطһ޴ľʯҺܿ͵õһ˿Ӧ
ָӦʮ΢ںڰĺϣͻȻԶһյĵεʱԭӵɳɳͻȻðһΨһ뵽ݷʵʵҪ档
طԪȥ;˾ʯȡϵͬǾ˾ʯһֱֻۣ֮ǰΪȱѪ飬޷ھԪѪָ֪ȻҪʱ䣬Ǳ߹ľԱߵʽҲƺҪʱá
ɫƾʯ޽ԪʱƣҲǳ׷
ΪܸоǾʯ޽ʣԼԿһʯ޽ҪԸޱޱԪĸҲѴ֮ˡ
ڻɣôԼĿƼܸоֻҪԼɹõʯ޽ȨôԼʵҲͻͽʯ޽϶Ԫȼļӳ֣ٿòٿԪȼ
ò˵һˣ˿ҲǷһ˿ʣΪ⾧ʯ޽̫ǿˣԸо⾧ʯ޽ԼڵĻƽѪҺһ˿˿ðһʡ
ƣҲûеڶ·ߣȻôһ˿˿ɺɻ󣬵ûֹͣȵޱޱǱ߲úνĸʽ֮ҲǳȡǾ˾ʯĿȨ
ֻʱеĻɺͲǿࡣ
Ϊ̫ǿˡ
˾ʯ̫ǿˣԼʵҲһͳоԼٴﵽԪˮ׼ǿҪɱޱޱҲᳬڶС
ôôǿ
³쳣оҸ̫ˣеʱⷴΪɵԭ
Ǳߵĺޱޱ˿ûзִ˿̵һнȫɵǶһϣȻǰִ򿪱պϵĹľ
Ҫľ򿪣Ȼ󽫼ƷҲϵѪ׳ȥһǵĴͻḴ
棬ںӵҲ׷˹ڲϵĺϣЩޱޱԪģӲȼǿʱڸܺƣԺںҲֻǸżû취
һУƺڰպޱޱļƻУƻѾҲؼһ
˴򿪹ľ֮ȴסˡ
ΪǷ֣ľﾹȻǿյģûʬ塣
û뵽ᷢ飬һʱ侹ȻҲһĻеһ˿ƷŴ
ԣͻȻ֣ԼƺǺʲôһ̫ˣ˵ľǿƾ˾ʯḶ̫́ˣҽһ룬Լν˾ʯطḶ́ҲЩ⡯ƺǱ˰ֻʱΣһʱ侹Ȼûвס
˿ǿտҲĹľԼһ㵵ĺޱޱʶܱԼĻҪӡ


һپʮ ֲࣨ
ʱǸľͻȻһŤðһͬһĶ㽫ߵĺޱޱס־Ȼ޷ѣһҽЩһľޱȣͬ˿һ㣬кܶϸСļ̴뺣壬ֻ֮䣬ͽԪ弶ĸѪ⾫ȫɣʣƤǵĸʬ
һʮͻȻ˭ûзӦǷӦҲûãЩµĺ徣ٶȼ죬ǿϡѪ⾫һͻС
ݣҲ¶ֲĺڿѾһ߲۲۵ĸʬЩͷƤ飬Щ徣ЩʶⲻǺѪľһ
ѪľҲһֿʳѪ⾫Ŀֲֲͬо٣ֻ˿̿ĻϸСͼͣٶȸ졣
Ԫ弶ĸ֣ô׵ˣҲ׾ʲô
ޱޱ˿̻Ѫۣϲʮ̲һĺ徣ϾԪĸ֣Բ񺣹ֱӱɱˣޱޱԭӲޱȵۼҲʼ飬Ѫȥޱȡ
ôƭǣЩʲôģҶˣҶˣղǲõʽǿԼЩֲĺ壬ΪʲôޱޱЩˣһ̣ѾЩֲĺ徣ڲǰǿԪ֣Ŵɨ򣬵ڣȴǼʳһա
ַǿҵĶԱȣҪǣޱޱĴȻǿһ壬һͲúõ壬ֻҪЩ󷨣Щֲĺ徣ͻ֣һУǵĴǰǵģֻ˵һǲһеģǱһĴ
ޱޱץһ֮ñ֮ǰԼ·ϣǱޱޱˣʱޱޱָץǴ֮ñһֱţΪʲôǵûκ˻ش
ޱޱˡ
ǿԪˣ֮徹Ȼûбɸʬǻ˷ɻңΨڵĻ꿨˿̴ӷɻһԾƺߣһ̾ͱһֺֻݺݵץ
һֻȫֺ徣ɵģЩ徣Ȼǻ۳һΣϵĺ徣Ťʮֲֿһ̣ȻſڽޱޱĻ꿨ȥ
̣óֲĺ徣ɵġˡΪֲⲢǶԷı壬һ̣˾Ȼ¶һ˲Цݡ
ʱΪޱޱºʧȥԪƶޱȣںӵֱӴ룬Ǻںһȴǿ˹һĻͫһ˵ˡ
ںʮ־ۼޱޱֶˣһһֲĹˣɵҲ֪Ӧȿ
߶δ֣һΧĺȻƾ˾ʯɣȻǴһǿԱϾǰʵ̫Σգо˾ʯЩףûʱϸ˼еĹؼ
ⲻ֪ոտƽ˾ʯ͸оһ󴬾ȻǷһŵľ𶯡
ǰδУƺ󴬶ƶͻȻֵ˶һ㶡
ڳУҲǸо˽¾ҵ𶯣ٿԭƽĺͻȻӿԭ޷˵ĺ򣬴˿Ҳӿ쳣еĸֹƺʲôΣգɢӣһЩҲһ
޷纣ײһֻһ޴ޱȺԭڳ˯ʱͻȻ۾ƺʲôȻ۾۾ǿ־壬ȻŲ޴ޱȵų෴ķȥ˵Σ˵ӡ
ͬ黹ЩںĹԸܲΣյ٣ǸߣڳиҲĻ̻̣е·£˴뿪Ǵ˿򷭽һ㣬죬ճȥͱƷףʣµҲٳֻʵʵڳȡ
˿̣ĳ䵱Уö񣬽Լڶе˿ͻȻ仯Щԣһ̣ԶĴͻȻһ죬󴬾Ȼ
ʲô£ǴΪʲôᡭǻ档һŶ˳˵
ĴѲǣǵԻᱩ¶ݣرҪҪ˵һŮղ˵Ǹ˲ˣҲһ
ղ˵Ů˿̧ͷȥƯĴ۾ﾹȻ¶һġ
ǧ°ŮڶһʮƯϧϣˣȻǴӺͽˡ
ԭһʱ򣬾Ѿ߹ǣСĺᣬҪ֪ѾٶԵжȻ֪ôһΣҪ󴬣Ǹϧϣ·
ԸϧϣÿںΧ̽鱨춯Ǿ봬
Ȼӱ۵㣬ȴЧģȻոս󴬲μ֮̽󣬺жˣɳһȺɷһĺ̽̽鱨ȥϧϣǲż뿪˿ǶڳȵıԵλãȻҲӣȫǳײˣϧϣҲԪĸ֣ĿƬµǰ£һʱŵĵط
û죬Ǳ߾ͳˡ
ΪܵǺ徣˵ѹط˾ʯ𣬶֮䣬ȻҲһ
ô£üͷһ壬һ̣Ǻ徣ȴǷһЦʱѾֹͣɱһʵҲǸ˹һĻ
˲˼黹û꣬һ̣ɺ徣˵Щֱӱֺð˳ѣ壬󴬣ȻҲǿѽ壬һ̣˴ѿĴտ棬ŷִ󴬲֪ʲôʱѾյС
أ
µĴҲʼ飬ƬȥȻĽ壬ô˶Ҫӿ¡
鷳ǣǲܷеġ
ǣǱߵŮȻ˫أƯˣʿһĳ򣬾ȻǷһɫ˹Ȼǰķ
һ£ˣԼٻһԣȻǿԷȻ޷е֪ôʧЧˡ
ȻܷɣǾͺðˣһص㣬ǼûҲǾƯģƯڷУͻƣ֮˵Ӹ߿ǲˤġ
ϣֻǵܸоȵĲԲô뿪ϲߣһ֣һ뿪


һپʮ ˱۾
ڴԪҲʧ٣ڶһ𣬷ɳѾĴ󴬣ȻԶȥΪ˼ӿٶȣȻǲϧԪ߶ʥ䣬ڶʱ޻ɷֻٶȲ㹻졣
ʺͺںӵˣȻȥܡ
˿̵ľͬĩһ㣬Ǿ޴ƬһЩɵĹҲǺˤȥٿߣ˽󴬵ķΧʱͷһȴͫΪⱲӼ˼Ķ
޴ޱȵٴӺŴϣ󴬾ǱЩֲٸӲ֫ˣЩͬϹһֱϣһֱŴֱƶˣƺضһ𣬳׳۵˼¡
뵽˽ܿ붹£һֿرߵĶ쵽յľ֮˹ܿ˾ֶƶľ˹
˿̵ĳЩƣЩֲҪӾ޴׳ۣпһĻ˶Ǿ˵һĻֻݡ
Ǿʲôһսʿ̲סʳֻûܻشŮҲС
ˣʱͻȻӦʲôæ
ţŮΪʥӵߣǸܸԾнֹżˣһֱ˵֮⣬ǿµٵĶѾǳУƺټϣԶͬص
Ƭ󴬴˿Ѿǳ׽壬˳棬˭֪ʲôиǿֻһƬǾ޴ٵĸ˿һ޴ӣֱ幫˿ȫ̳ʲô
ʱһ޴ޱȵֱͻȻǸӾ޴ϣǵڶֱֱֱۣۣۡ
һ̣һŵľǾ޴٣˳
п˵ˣһƺֹͣ˺ǲңΪʵ̫ˣɢǿԪѹһСӵĶԡֱֻۣͬصԶħһ㡣
˿Ҳ亹ֱðֶЩԾĲǴڿ־壬ˣԪŮ˿̶Ǿ֡
һ̣п˵ˣͨһڵأеˣ˿̶ֲܵİ˱۾˳ţҲǲ⣬Ѿγһʵʰѹʹͷس
Ԫ弶ҲԵֿŮƬ֮Ҳǲʵĳ˿̣ɱֱľֻʣһˡ
ûѡͷڿ⣬ΪˣǴ߶طٶ׳ڿеľ޴ʯǰžʯֵ
ôֻеһ˿ִֺͲ䣬Ȼһԭ֪Լܳ־ˣһ˿ƽѪҲˣƽѪεȸ߹󣬴˿̾ȻҲǱǿ֧
ʱΨһһֱţԶ˱۾ˡ
ž޴ޱȵİ˱۾ϣϵƶˣȻƲ㵱Уʱ˱۾ͻȻƲһֻ֣ڵķһץ
Ǹо˾ʯ˲ԼĿƣԪϵҲֱжϣһ̣׳ľ˾ʯȻǷǸ޴ֱۣһץסûƶˡ
һΣȻԷǳ׵뿪ˡ
ã˲Ŵǰ˱۾˿ֲԪѹ֮»ָվ˿̣ΪӲţѾˮʪ
׿ţ˿̼ΪֵܼڣѾǿ֮ĩϾѹŮڱȡߵľ˾ʯ֪ԼԱסҲûӡ
̴׿š
ͨ١˱۾ˣЩһ޴ţȴ׿ϣһЩ֪鱨ܽóһۡ
ʱŪȥȻû˭˵ҲûнԴһЩϸƲ¼ľ
һ֣һ֣ԼǲУҲֻһ΢ϰĴڡ
Ǵ󴬣һ壬ж΢Ҫһ˾ʯֻ˵Ǹʲô˾ʯ
Ϊ˾ʯ֣ҲǸصͨײ֣һҲһƭأ
ޱޱˣӦ֪ܶ飬ڲȥǣ˵ĿѾǷǳԣǾνġڿǸνġڡ
˼ʱѾȥѰϧϣǣںһ壬ʱûʱȥᡣ
ȵϧϣƽ׿ŵʱҲǷһЩǽŮͱԼĽ˵˳˶һ·Լһ¼ˣ˵Ȼǵ
Ľģȣ󴬵̽գԾǺޱޱģĿҲ˵ˣΪܵ䣬ܺʹֽƤսԲҪ̽գ˵ЩƤˡ
֮⣬ޱޱͺһ£ǾѰܴϡ֮ñˣǸνġôģ˵ֻпԴϴ֮ñˣŷϡֻʵ֤ϡƭ˺ޱޱ˿˵ǶǸ൱ҳϵˣǵ󣬾Ȼһ֡
²⣬ǸνġܾܿǸղŴӵصİ˱۾ˡ
˱۾ˣһ裬ǾһֱһƬĵ£ܿѾȥ£ĳֶΣԼһ˿ʶݳνġȻߴϵ㽫ԼıȳܵǿĹ´׹䣬ƻȻʧܡ
Ƥ˺ܾܿЩ֯Ȱ˱۾˵ЩµֻʱǨ˱۾˻ǳˣܻܿԼųģеĹؼǸ˾ʯ
ڲף˾ʯܾܿǿѹư˱۾˵ĶԷôãȫΪǸ޴ľʯ
ֻнʯγ˱۾˲ܳװѷӡúô֮ñѰԼΪνĸʽΪѰҿ԰γǾ;ʯˡ
Ǹ˵ȻԼҲ뵽ܿܺԼڵĻƽѪйϵǣ˱۾˳ɹˣеһУļƻУԼʱڿ˾;ʯһЩɣҲͻȻֵĺ徣˺ΪܵǿвԲž˾ʯ
ڿǸǶԷŻԼΪľԼΪԱ֮£γһ˾ʯ


һپʮ ɻĵϢ
ò˵൱Ǹ˱۾ˣȻֶκĻʱԼγʯֻһˡ
Ǹ˱۾ʲô֪ԷԪȼӦѾﵽԪ˼ϣߡ
Ȼ֪Ͼĸ֣ҲԪ۷ѣԪ˼Ԫżڵ˵ҪĴڣһЩ飬Բȥ룬룬Ҳûôķ¡
ۣŮͱĿɿڴȻǶͬġ
ʱ͸һ䣬Ͼǰ˱۾Ѿٶˣ֪ȥ˺δٶ˾ͨʲôطҲû֪û˸ȥһ̽Ϊ˭ҿ٣ЩͬѪľһԽץסʳѪ⾫ѾΪ˽
֮⣬ŮһϢʺͺںӶûлǴȥڶྫ񣬿Ӧ׶༪ˣԪĸΣϾУڵͬʱһٲסҲǱɣޱޱôô
ͷ;ȫҲʣµ˻ңȿ˵ҳһˣ⣬һŮ
ŮڳҲ˺ܶˣ²Ҫҽɣʱ˵ŮȻ˼ȴǵ˵ͷȥˡ
λȣȻŮ˵ǰŮҲû˸ߵȹļӣҪ֪ʥˣһԶʩˡ
³ȺףޱȣȻǳֿƵĺûᣬûʺͺںԼ󲿷־һͺᣬһĶ֣ŮȻôҲһɣʱ׿ŽǳΨһ쵼ߡ
һͳûаȤʵָʵһ¥뿪û뷨
û˷ƣ˵һϢһԼͿԷɵıԵûл뿪ŮһͳȣҲȨ󻯣ҪѰҺʹ̽뿪ϢҲҪһЩ
˺գûʲôʧ׿飬׽һͺĲвȻΪ˳ΨһĴֻˣҲûеõ뿪ķ
Щʧ䣬ʵָǿʼ뷨ӳʮߣȻʮǾצġ򻯡汾Ȼ֪򻯰汾߿޷ԼմУǵһǿսҲֵõģңҲϰԼƿɡ
һºͨʧܺͺķ˴ϣɹһ򻯰汾ʮ
һԸܵƬŵԪڿƬһߵһŷ·ɵĹһԲխӣ˫ۣ۾͸һĹ⣬ڿƬ棬Ӧдʮ֣˿ȴǼΪϸǿԿʮ
ȻǼװĸ߼ҪͷҲҪǧʯרŴԼսƷѡһɵɫ䣬Ȼ˰ķצϣ⿨ûʲôֻܵ洢Ƭý飬ⶫʺϰķãȻһżװʮͳΪ˰ķһſƬ
һµϣٺͰ˱۾˵¼ҲƽϢȥȻٻڣҲһЩаҪ֮أΧѾΪ̸֮ɫ
Ҳ𽥴ӻлָе׿飬׿̫ϻʸǳΪ˳ȨߡϧⲻҪģ磬кܶҪһֱ
ֻϵôɺϣ֮оѧԤУԼϾͿͻƵʦ
ʱϧϣЩĳ˽ǰǲģΪϧϣǳݣκ˰Լǰš
Ҳ˽ϧϣԸʧ̬ģ϶˲õ顣
ʲô£˿׿һ伫ΪݻĴڣ޴󣬵ذƤë̺ζǼΪƷﻹкܶױļΪ߹󣬵ȻЩ׸ģǵҲϰֹһݻһһоЩϢ
Ƿһܷɻϧϣ˿̿ǿѹеļ˵
ɻͷһЩʣʲôɻǴˮģͲ˵ˣҲȤ
ǰոȽڳȵķɻѾ˷ֳˣϧϣһ˫ƯĴ۾˿Ǽ֮ɫһ䣬һ´վֱȥ
ģȥ
Ȼ˼ԭǣһܸոȽķɻ˵ʲô˼£ϧϣеķɻ϶ķɻ֮ҪǣһܸոȽķɻ˵ɻܿǴ棬Ҳ֮ɽġ
޷ԭ
˿̵ĵλκεطȥ˭˵һƬѾϧϣµ˸Ƹˡ
ΪĹϵϧϣڳȵĵλҲ൱ߣǰЩ˿̶ϧϣ£ӵȨȨҪ
Щ˿ϧϣ¶ݣÿһ·һȻǿһܼѾ壬ðŨѾķɻкһԣһŷԱװ˴˿̱ԴڵϣΧ˿ء
ʣ˿϶ǼʻɻķԱ
ңԱһ𷢱۵ˣ˴һ˴ź̸˵ı£ǰֱǸԱվһۣѾԱԪľߡ
˴˿̿һƲߵ˹Χȫ¶˹ɫף˿϶һҪ
ԷԼվɲΪôһŭԷɱ֮˵ʵⴳѾǹķˣΪ˶ǿֵ̫ˡ
ѾˣԷԼʲôԼ͸ʲôֻҪԷɱԼС
ʲôǷɻô£ʲôطģһһʮ˵һѻһڳϣ˵Ǵһ£֪ԷԲڿЦǺԥһж˵˳
Աľûд϶Էʵһʱ˷ˣΪõһĺϢ
ǾǸһƬѾʧˡ


һپʮ 뿪
Ϣڵ˵һĺϢ˵ģֱӿɻɹġ
Ҳ˵ѾһƬʱ뿪ˡ
Ϊʲôᷢ£ţ϶ͨԼǰ˱۾йأڶԷôģ֪ûأԼطγǾ˾ʯʱѾˡ
˰ٺãȻԼеſһ顣
׿ϵһװιݻĻڣλŮϧϣӺͽˣЩĹǸɡ
˵棬һ£ǾҪ뿪
Ȼ׿Ų뿪Ϊһò׳ƿ˳ȣƿصȻҪһֿһǿޱȵ˵Ҳ൱Ҫһ£Ϊ֪ԪԪݳҪ飬ʱ򽫻ںϳһ磬֮ǰԪݵı¹ӲдһԪݳ飬ôཫֱевܻﵽԪĵˡ
ԼҲΪһ㣬Ǭݵĺ׶׿Ůһ
ԳƿصȻ֮⣬ǡʨǺ֮ǰոյõ³ǡ
ʶǿֻҪԪ弶ͿԺɨǣҲΪĵġ
³ǵԪƼںϳɵķչܷ࣬ҪȥھȻϵɣǸ׹˸պǴӱǱ߷ģʹԷڵǴؼƿصġ
ľȻûκ˷ԣʵǿŮҲκ飬ֻʥ䣬ȻʥҪ£һȥɣҲκʡ
ʱһֱû˵ϧϣȴ̲סȥʲôطҡ
һԵĴӺͽ¶һȻ˵ı飬ȻͲ³ϧϣôֻҪϹӾܿŮ˴İĽ
漰˴˭ҲҲͣŮ˿Ҳ¶һ˿Źֵɫ֮˿ٵƿسȣѹϧϣ˵ûܺõֲŮһЩȱ㣬ŮʵϲڹĶǣҲιЩպϧϣóģ˵ʵڵŮѾЩ벻ϧϣİˣûŮ֪ôάֳȣ˵ʵˡ
ֻ⻰˵ŮԸ൱ĹŹ֣˵ǾᣬϧϣָҰҺ޵ֱˬ첻ͬŮЩˣ˵ˣǲϣʵҲʮﱻʺͺںѹ˵ˣˣ׿š
ȱŮԼҲеҪϧϣ˵˵ĹϵҲǺܺã˵ʵϧϣߣϧϣϲ˵Ҳ֪ѡĬһп˵ľ
ϧϣӣֻоһͷۣò˵ϧϣ൱ǿǽԼľ˵ʵѾϰϧϣԼߣֻһȻ㽫ϧϣߡ
ԭܼ򵥣ֻԼһˣΣգԺ޹˼ɵսҲףϧϣƱػ鷳ܶ࣬˵ҲŮȻһԪĸ֣սǷηչ͹һʵڲóģϧϣպÿȱԽõѡ
ϧϣһ˫ڴĴ۾̾˿Լľ˵˳ԿۿЩʪȭͷ߬൱ʧ䡣
ϧϣҲ֪ȻǴľô˵ʲôҲûˡ
̾˿룬ȴֽϵժ˶סˣ⻹ͷһժߡ
ڴ֮ǰ˶˵ӣУΪʲôҪߣеţ˿϶һޱȵĹΪ̫ˣԲŴߣϧϣȻĽˣȻĳʮֹģ񿴵ժߣɵĺ٣Ǻˮ
ժ£˲˿ȻеĴʲôҳĻ
ԭϺͷϵ˺ʵָʵ֮ѾȫȬȻ˵ģôڣҲû̫˳Ծûʲô뷨ΨһеľǸоǿĴʵᣬϧϣϸסòȻ˵ֻҪеǸʲôӶûϵ
ôȻҪ˼סԼĳ࣬ҲǸϧϣģϧϣ¡
һ뿪кҪȥǵڳȣЭһ巢չȶ˵ҪⷬȻǶϧϣ˵ģһŮ̲׽˼
ȻҪЭŮչȣŮҲҪ˵սȻһ֣Ҫ˵幵ͨιܿغͷչŮͲˣһȴóҲ˵˲ΪҪŶ뿪ΪҪԼ¡
ԼҪ
ó֮ϧϣһ¶ģҪú÷չȣΪǿ
ˣҵԺ󣬾ͲҪҴˣܽԷԡ

գ˵Ļ£˳ȣĶһֱн˰ŻȥϧϣһֱǿӰʧ뿪
ʱֻʣ͹ϵˡ
ȻҪˣΪҪָ·⵽ﱱ֮زĵطҲҪһõ򵼣Ȼ˾ʺϵˡ
Ϳһ֣ʮ˳ӣûһΥ·Լ֪ȫ
Ϊû˺ɫ磬ֻķֶΣߣֻܵʹãܴˣһ˹ıϡ
ٶҲˣҪ͹󣬿ı˸ʲô
һ·гȥٹңʱӦѾıԵشһȻûпκη籩ϣиǼʱǰ溣ͻȻһſֲĺڳǺڳ罣һϼ֮ͽڡ
ͫһǺڳ˲䣬Ѿ˸Ӧ˦Ŷ鿨ʯ֮ܣס
Ǻڳ꼫ΪֲȻǿʼʴʯ֮ܣ֪еͻϮæùնܣв˿ɵˣſڹϣҶ
Ҷһ䣬ֱӴ߶Ծڳ֣Ͳ³ϮߵˣûдߣҪǸϮߡ
ȻϮߵĿǹǸˣҲûɶԷ뿪ӺгһҺսվһˣǺͷںӡ


ڶ ںӵ
ںӾȻû
µսȻҲһȻˮºУںһ·ԼͻȻϮ
ûĺںӣʵ
ҺںӵֶСô˽⣬ֳ棬ôܻСӵȷȻӵһʥǽŸǵĻƿһ壬ӹȣֶΣȷҺںҲ˶ˣֻҪɱ㣬ʥ˾ͻỻңһȥ֮󣬾ǳȵͷ죬ŮҲ÷ңںӴ˿̰γ䵶Ц˵
ɱ𣿡ҲЦһ˵̷׷磬ͻȻϮһźڳȻںҪͻȻϮź˵ɢעҪ˵սթںӾһѺ֡
ϧҲǲһ۾ͿںӵĴ㣬Դݶ㿪Է͵ϮȻ󼤻һž֮ȭֱ˹ȥ
ΪһͿԽںӻɱ̰γ޽ȥκͺںӵսѾ֪ԷֻطһǶԷ۾ʩչþˣڶֲֿĺڳƺһУǱȶԷ۾ҪѲͶԷ룬ȻЩڳĹƻЩڳͻۿۣٺںӲܲ˼Լ
֮ȭȻ£ںӵȻ֮ȭҲûдӲƴһԾ𣬶㿪˾֮ȭһʹһΪ֣Է֮ȭǳµĺڴȥġ
ǺڴǺںӵһΪӵпǱ뺣кеҴеĴԱǿˮһ壬ܵ˺ںӵ䣬Ϊ˺ںӵūΪһҴںӲһ·׷
Ҳǿһ㣬ԵһоǴȷϵںӵһҴһúںû֮أҲܱںܡ
ȻڵоԵѹסںӡ
ͼʯ֮䣬ɫǿһ֮ȭֱһҺڴϣڴޱȣһ̫ǿһֱ֮ӽڴҳɷ飬˴ԱҲǲҽʹƬһ뺣ס
ںӵû֮أͬ߿ɷ裬ںӴ˿ֻ䵽һľϣվȣɱ˹ںӸղѾʩչڳ㹥һ½սЩֲ
ڴ¼֮󣬴ӿûĺںڳǱ֪ˣҲһ漸ǲܺĵˣԺںӾʹ㰵֡
Ŀһϵıúںӷ񣬶ΪһϤƻԪֻҪҵǸɢƻԪĶںԼʵӺܶ࣬Ϊڣһ̺ǿƻԪࡣ
Ŀġ
ڴʱҲʶʵԷʱûչֳôǿǷǿӵһЩֶΰˣں϶ԼĺڳֱӿƶԷҲǺں̣ǶԸԪĸ֣ںӶ£Ϊڳǿ
ڣԼЩˣԷսǿĳ󣬺ںȻ֪֮ս֪ӣѾͨսĥޱȣ޽ķȻǽںӱƵúںӸûʱʩչþ֮ۡ
ںһƬ֪ԼȻԪ弶ҪܶԷĿԲߣͲ̫࣬ںںӻһУǾúڳֵҽйһġ࡯ԿԶʱڲܺڳĸʴ
뵽ںϣһԭɢΧĺڳͻȻ㼯һγһʮ׸ߵĺڳ֮ˣХ˹˲佫Լ˽ȥ
Ҳû뵽ںӻͻȻһУֻǺڳٶ̫죬ȻһӾͱûС
˲оԼԪʧԼˣоƤʹޱȣƺҲʼڻ
ڳ˿ֲΪʲôǺںӲ£ĪʲôֶοԵڳʴ̷Ӧʯ֮䣬չǿԪӦҲպúںӴ˿̴߶ڵ̸࣬Ӧ˺ںؿƻԪ
ֻڳ֮£޷ֺʲô
ʱδƺӦʲôȻǲܿһ趯ͬһһֱӳźںӵؿڣصһΧĺڳ˲ɢȥ¶Ѫģ̧ͷһȻںһ㵺ͲţԼƺ˶ôŵ顣
ںӵؿڳһ󶴣Ѫ罦Ǹλտյٿδ֣˿մѪҺ˿Էֿץһ࣬һ̣δ־Ȼǽֱ̳ȥ
ͬһ̳һֻһ
Լ౻̣ںǲҽһʼ飬Ƥһɹɺת֮˼һƬƬɿݵƬǱƵմɹһ㣬飬Ƭ뺣кܿûټ
֪ںˡ
ȡ˿Լϵ˿ƣͬʱѪľҺָԪһսνתĶ࣬û뵽ںӾȻúڳԼһûǶԷڼǿƻԪδͻȻ쭣һսԼǻ䡣
δΪʲôͻȻд߶Ӻڳںӵڳһ֪ǴӺںӵɢĻԪϿ²ܿܺ͡ƻйء
δѾΪһΪǿɱﵣеʱĻ᲻ԼƣͬһΣ֪̳ºںӵҪʲôԪϸӦδںܿܣֻڿնҵ֮ĹȻϢ
˴˿һ԰ף֮Ȼ֪ʤˣһĸлϵۣҲǱĿ˼
һоַ仯ˡ
ȻǿʼƤ
ͬʱֱΪǿҵԪҪļֻԼǿԪȥѹƣǰǻѽⴥѹסӵ׻꿨֮Ԫǿ̫֣࣬ԼԭԴ߶Ԫǰ£Ȼǿͬʱ߶Ԫ
ԪǼΪϡٵԪԪѹƴ֣ǽԷѹԼϡ
ƤһĽƤʼѣ䣬Ȼ¶´֡
´֣Է˾޴ı仯ϸֱͣһԵƬֱγһĵƬ˿̴ָĵ·һ͹ȫиɣ̺ЩƬһ֧ͺ£ڼİ죬ſ滹һżȥΪ׺
̳˺ںӵ֮󣬴ַǿĽ


ڶһ 
ڵĺ֮ϷʮСʱպڳʱ̣ϵԶֵĺߡ
һԵ۾̵ǰǰɼУָӲҲһʮ˹ģľۼء
ڣѾһΪǿľߣڼʶ˳ȵǿ׿ź֪ԲܺԣΪֻȡ
֪Ƕ֮󣬸˻Ȼ򣬰ֻжǸǿŹּĸְɣˣҪȥһˣĿǰؼƣҪĹϵϵĳ٣˵ĳæ
˵ģҲûоܾҲãԼķѰڣܻһЩ򣬶˰æӦû׺ܶ࣬ȻҲؼԹԽԼߣܶԷԸԸ⣬ҪĿģǶ䡣
ͨ˵ĹϵһôǾǿԷĵףһȨǿǵСһЩҲǷֹԷʲô˵Ԫ
˸ͲҪˣֱӱ״ɨ赽˵ͷʶԪ״ԶͿ˹һš
⴬ڳǷǳϡеһֿƬ˼壬һֿٻֻĿƬڳ̫ϻʰĵλҪ㵽һЩֱѴ֮һŴٻĴֻҲֻһСףףзľʽṹСʺϲ
֮ŪһһαݺݵˣȻԪֹ֮ҲǾ˲٣⼸쾭ģȴûмġ
иǾһҪúúͳ̸ԲܵˣǵĻǲľۼضܵǣ
ⲻ֪ĶҪĻҪ¡
˴˿һһŴǰУ˱ϾҲǶߣͳ־СٶȲһСʱѾӽ˺ߣһ˲䣬һ֪Լһˡ
ܿ죬ҼͻǹĿͧٿͧվźǹʵľˣûȺСľͣ£ұݡ
˿Щͻǹ֪ԼվŲδֵĸ񵲺ϴŵĻҲֵܵû˿ġ
˴һƣˣ
ģôңһᾡŬʮָм˵һܻŻ˵ʵҲĸˣ뵽Ӻͺӣ˸Ǹлܸͼžۡ
վڴͷӶ˫֣Ż
ǿվξˡִʱ¹ʡ
ͧϵʿ֮ǿһʿƺʶˣ´һŴӿͧľϣݺһˡ
ˣ㣿վǱ˵Ѿˣû뵽㻹ţϵ۰㣡ȻʮϤֱӵ٩
ЩȻԼˣҲ˿ͷʲôĹﶼУԼܱȿЩҪǿΪÿһй֣ζҪˡ
ȻҺȥһнҪϺҵĳٲУͨ˿ˣҲǰˣҪȷݾҪܳʱ䣬ͬѧһۣѷ֮ͬʱ˵ĻΪһԱ
ʱ򣬴ȻҲȥʵˣ˭
ҵѣûʲôɵĵģ෴ңҲĴһǹָһæ͵ĵȻǼ
ѣҲҪ飡ȻЩ䱸ʵͽסˡ
һЩջ𣬵ʿ漰߶Ȼ¼̴ǵǰͬʱҪֱӻ㱨Уִ
Ǽʱһ㶣ʱҲӦǿվˣһξ٣ֻϵ·ÿ𣬲˵ݼȻʶǾͱӳٵ
⼸Ҳǲ˵ʲôæŴ½
ˣ΢΢˵ͷò˵һ⣬еʱҪˣͷ㲻ҲŶԷԸ㶨һĳ١
˿һƬɳ̲ϣΧǸϰкܶر涼ԺǰԿܶʽԼһЩūͺʿɵѲ߶ӣȻҲ˿ƬװǹģҪľҪܶࡣ
˷£˵һ䣬һ̨绰˺˵һǰ绰Ȥ´
Կһ׼ľ»أԱ㣬սҲǿԿĵҲк³һе£ЩװͨˣҲԺǿĹԼսټϸǿھǹڣԪڵȣЩսȻǿ
һЩʿճѵ»Եļ
ע⵽ھ»кܶģȻѾϤľһģһͼ
һֽʹ
һ㣬·Ҳ˵˵쵼ĳؼƬ򣬶˵֮ǿΪпɽ
ɽʹ
˵һϾ˴󲿷ֶϵ۵ģȻϵۣԲʹЩνػ񾿾ڲڣǾֻ֪ˣûмνʹ
Ӻ˹˵绰˻ЩѿȻ˾ͨĲ̫롣
ʵҵĳ㣬Ѿ˵ˣҪһˣѾһǿܺΪУⲻΪУҪΪѣҵĳٲУû̴ӦҪҵġ˴˿Щֹ
Ȼ֪˵ĵʲô˵ʵһѾʮˣΪڻص˵Ļغ󣬺߿ܻᱳĳŵЩԼûУǲİԼһϿ˵Ϊ˾Ͳ
˵ĵģ޷ǾҪԸȻѾһǿһΪǿ󣬶ӵмΪǿĴֻ£ܶĳûȥǻһ˵
ûʲôɵĵģ٣ѾĶˣ룬ĳҪңȻҵȥ԰ɣɫ糣˵
һȻҲЩԾȷĳٵȷ˵ҪԼǼڻ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ΪģҪ˵ĶԻݲ£ȷǸУ϶׺ԼЭ


ڶ ˵ļ
ûϵҲûƽ£Էʶãʶֻ࣬ˡ
ҵʲôʱ򵽣һ䡣
һСʱЩε˵û˵һ䣬ǾĳסҪʱʹ
ǺãҲżֻҪ֪ڵλãôͿݿжڴ֮ǰԷ档
ʱһŽ룬֮һˣû̫ˣ
ɣҲǻĺúõ˿٣ǰͶԷһӵ
Ѿǽ㵱ˣάǷ˸𡭡ˣģмҵø㣬Ϣ֮˹ٷǼһ;ȥɧάǣ֪Ǹǰ׷Ϊˣлᣬ·ϣҿֳҵķȥˡһˣΪʵ˿˵һϢ
˹ٷǸ쵰ȻôĲϢһŭóȻһְɷ͸ף·ϵʱ䶼벻ļͥΪˣž˲
֪鷳һæţȻ漱ˡ
ˣˣȵңҲȥ˹ٷֵǴؼһ¾ͺ޼ɣǧҪ嶯˵꣬ҲҪ뿪ʱŷ֣Ǹ˾ȻҲ
ˣֵܣ˭ɿŸʵ
˵ѣ򵥵ĻشʵȻóѣҪȻҲһ̸
ҪһСʱҲȥ˵Ǹɧӵ˹ٷǴؼĹ£·һ˿Цݡ
ؼǴ첩ʿȻĹ£ӦÿкܶϢŶԣܴӶԷ첩ʿڣô׶ˡȻҪԭ򣬴ҪԭǣȻԷк̨ɽôȥ˺ܻܿԿȻ˲ҲְϾһãΪֶ֣Ϊ
һ֪˻ѣ᣿᣿Ȼһ룬Ȼ·Ϻ̸ˡ
ǣҡҡͷ
ˣǻˣ԰ɣңҿûӣ㿴ңǺˣ˲κˡԹԵ˵ţѹûˣһȫ죬һ·˵ͣ
˵ļڲԶһС;ס󲿷ֶǾٵļ滷ֻ˵һ㣬˵ʿļһס˵ҲӵһʿĻƣֻҪֻҪǿʵôͿΣ˾γΪһ٣ǿԵõõĴü˾סһЩľס
ټסһȦդΧſʿվڣ̧ͷȥԿסﶼʱķݣžסǧˡ
˺ڣҲɽס˼ҴҵڵķȥźԶͿԿԶһ׵ľʷſڣΧ˲ٵˣ˿̣Źʣұ۴źɫµʿվſڣһЩԶԶվ棬ȻǾʿҿ
ʿ˺ɶһ㶡
Ǹ߼ܱôи߼ܱɫһ䣬æסŭˡ
һ˹ٷǴؼĹ£϶ĸ߼ֻܱôôһҪȥļңӺͺӣи߼ܱҲҪȥ
嶯ˣ߼ܱȨܴȨֱӴǣ嶯ô£ɼæסˣѣȻǲ˴
ں濴߼ܱҲЩ⣬Ϊ߼ܱʲô˲ģҲԪԼ֮ͿɱΪ߼ܱȻȨô
ܿ죬𰸽ˡ
˿̴һűװĴץһŮ˺һֻСŮ˳󻹸һˣͬžҲһ٣˿һ⡣
һ˴˴ؼƶķɣ˽ԲϵĹԿƬЩǴǼѲģȻ˷ɣҪߵ飡ǸһƬ˵ҲҪΪ䣬ҪΪǾٵļͿӴؼķɣסܻţȫΪؼ壬ΥؼǷ˴ߣ
˵꣬˳Լ´˸ƣ߾ҪǽŮ˺СŮߡ
ڿŮ˺СŮʱ񼤶֪Ӧþ˵άǺŮ
óղǸ˵˵ѣν֤ҲαģϾ̫ˣץһȻԼڴȡһЩƬ˵֤߼ֱЩЦ
¿û˭ǰ¡
˹ٷ쵰㾹Ȼҵļˣ˿ӺŮҲ̲סֱɣȥƿڴ
һ˲Сɧ̨ϵǸһˣҲһ㶣ʧˡ㲻𣿡
ֱӵֶμ޻ҵļˣСˣ㽫ҵļ˴ʲôطȻķŭˣֱӳ˹ٷ˹ȥ
һ˿ţۼʵ治˵Ķ֣߼ַܱһ˿Ц
ˣûˣû㣬ڴؼﷸţȨֳУңɲߣ֤ݵģ˹ٷЦ˵һ仰˾ɫһ䣬Ǳάɫ䣬ǿƽϲѣ󿴵˳ҪԸ˹ٷ¶һ˿ģ¶һȻ
ˣ嶯װģûˣʱ㲻ܳ嶯˹ٷ϶ⷢӣˣ
ȻŮڵɷһԵСŮǿ޸ͣ
ǰˣ嶯޹ģǿ϶Ὣͻ˵꣬˹ٷǰһֻǣ⼸죬һϣ㲻Ҫ⣡
˵꣬һЦ
˴˿۾Ѫȭͷ߬ĽģҲҧ֨֨Ƿŭ˼㣬֪Լ治ܶ֡
һ֣˹ٷ϶ⷢӣԼ˵С£ӺŮô죿
˹ٷô϶̡
ˣҸո˵˹ٷһͨ磬ڸ߼ܱеһӳְȨı˽ȥ߲УóԤ£ڣĲ֣ܶ򡭡ʱҲһ֮ǰ߶ķǰȰ
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ǲУ棬Ҳ޷˹ٷߣ˻źԷ̶Լ֡


ڶ 
ŶԼ˽޳ݵҪˣʱҲǾ侲ȻҲ֪ڲ֣ܶԼˡ
뵽ҧҪ飬ҲŮ޹أ
˵޹ؾ޹أˣˣκδؼ巨ɵ˶Ҫܵ飬СҲһ˹ٷЦ˵
ģֻ꣬ϵ۵ķݶϣ˹ٷʲôԸҵļʲô£Ȼŭˡ
ˣעԴʣÿȨ㣡˹ٷ˿ͬһʤһ㣬¶˵Цݣ϶˲ԼȨֱԷǸ߼ܱȨ
ĻʱһͻȻȴһ㶡
ˣ
˭ô󵨣˵˵ĳˣҪ
˻ͷһȻ˵һˣ˿һ޺Цݣ˵Ļȴ˳Ծѡ
һӦɣæˣΪ˵ѣӦúһȰǽȥģ㾿ǲѣ
û˵ֻЩĶ
û˵Ŀ⣬Ǽ
˹ٷ˿ЩջˣһȻ֪ʲôͷ˵ЩʲôͻȻӦ˹ͨʲôȫǼ;ʣȴ¶ĳ־ģ̧־һȭ˹ٷϡ
أ
һ˹ٷıӾͿˣҪ֪ô˵Ԫľߣǿ׳һȭȥ˹ٷıֱӹۣѪһҲţֱǵذ
˹ٷûκηѹû뵽˾ȻĶ֡
˿ɲǴһȭµһıŭˣǼȥӶȭͷȥ˹ٷֱС
˶ˣ¶Цݣ˶Ŀɿڴ߼ܱ˹ٷҲûӦֱ˹ٷڵʹĺУǲŷӦ
⼸˾ȡϵǰֹɾʱɫȻһ䣬Ȼǽﶯá
һ˲䣬ǼͻȻоһɼΪֲԪѹһѹЯŵɱͬʵʣǾ͸оԼĲϣƺһѷޱȵĵκ춯ᱻɱ
ԣûһ˸Ҷ
ֻϧѹֻܸо˿֪߼ܱ˹ٷ¾ȻԮҲЩ⣬ʦ˼
ˣˣάǺСŮʱҲ˿ƣˣʱ˲Ŵӷֹͣ
ٿ˹ٷѾǻѪ׵ͬͷֻڵϺߺߣһĻ˵ˡ
ߣˣߣ˹ٷǾԲŹ㣬ߣάͻŮˣʱһҪάĻɷ
άǣҲߣʲôе˸ղǳһڶ˵ʵҶ֣ҪΪ˵˻
ʲôˣ
˺ǳȨߣǿޱȵ壬ʵҲǿף룬᲻ϵʹһҡ
Ȼ￪ԼˣǾ˵Է£˵ĴȻ֪˹ٷôܺ˵˹ٷ򣬾ǴؼҲС
ʶ׿ŵǿĴڣ˶һŲɡ
ȻҪԭǣΪһˣҪ֣ź
лл㣬ʱԵĶ˵һ䡣
˵ͷղȷǴˣ˶֣ͻȫԷؼһ߹˲֣Ҳ£һж˵ѡ
ʱҲ˶߼ܱ˹ٷµѹĸ˴˿̲ŷ֣亹Ѿ͸󱳣߼ܱһۣӱ˴˵пŨŨĿ־壬ֻȹȥı׵˹ٷ
˹ٷѹ֪ʲôһ¾ƿڴ
ģǶϹûڹǵĳ٣Ǵﷸڣ̽˴˹ٷСУ˱ŭС
ֻһΣǸ߼ܱ£ûжǲǲңΪ˹ٷ˵ЩǸоһɱɵУƺּǵĲϡ
Ǹʲôִ˹ٷʱǱˣڱ˴һ٣ֱ澡ʧ
ܱ»ûж˹ٷһᣬܱһԶ
ǰվM4ǹԭ¿Ԫһ˵ǽǵǻ۷ӵ˼¡
ԶǹĲʣҩ죬ԶԪɼ˺Ϊĵһǿڸ˵ǰ棬һǹͱʨǺ¾ĸҪܶࡣ
Ҳֻһǹ
˹ٷˣǹֱſգ˿۶
ʱһ˶벻飬˹ٷĵһǹȻͳ⣬ӵȻǹըˣصһ˹ٷĲǹըķѣͬ˹ٷֻҲѪģָըϡ
˹ٷɱһĲҽУ˹ٷļһҲɫһ䣬ʣ˹ٷǷˣȴԼˣ˭ˣһ⡣
Ǽæǰ۵ȥ˹ٷߣƱҪȥˣ߼ܱҲǼæ뿪
˺ļʱ˿ղ˹ٷҪǹʱǵȷһֻ˭Ҳû뵽Էǹըš
лϵۣάǴ˿ӵԼɷͺ˵
Ψ֪ܲ⡣
ʵ⵱Ȼ⣬δֶסǹܣԲŻᷢըš
ˣҽ̴άǺͿȥҲУǸ˹ٷ϶ưոݣǴ˷ɣǸһܻܿһжƵͷϣʱ˵
Ȼ֪˹ٷ򲻻ưոݣΧ۵Ҳ֪ʱҲɢ뿪ҺһʲôӴ±ǣ
û˵һǳΣգ֪ǾͲõģѾˣ˹ٷûûˣһȥȣֻҲģȥ
ˣʵҪˣֻҪȫôһҲңʱǷӦ˹á
ʱڿ˵ˡ
ˣǾļҰɣҽȥ𣿡
˵ӭȫҶӭ㣬ˣάǣҵάǺͺӣףȥк˼æ˵
ļˣȻ֪Ϊʲô˻ӣ˵ǹǻòĴкǸСһС򣬻˸ղŵ飬һ֡
ˣûɣߣʲôʱˣѵ㻹ҪȥݱȺ𣿡һµһ˼顣
ɣлл㣬һҪһȣһ𣿡ͨһЩ£ǳжеİȻЦ˵
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ڶ ˳߲
ȻǼ׵ס˵ļ͸¶ȴŨŨļҵζÿһ裬̺˶Ȱ
ܶණӦǴǰסģһЩƬ򣬶һȾЩпжãԼûиַܵΧˣ
ڶھѾȫǣ֮ǰļ֮ļ䣬ȫΪƴɱĻ棬ϣűڵĿȣȷ˷ǳʡ
ܣû˵ֻר־廳⣬Ϊָ֪оֻʱģһǿʳ磬û㹻ʵͱ
û˵Ҳ˵һжΪȻˣô˾֪ѾԼˡǿ֪Ҳ֪ԷһƻԼֻϣֻܵõıӻҲֻԼӺͺӣְܼȫ
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ֻԼĺѣȻǲԹۣһ˽ӪǵĳٲУ˵һЩ취أھΪʲôˣȴҪ
ðɣҲ֪ʲôˣȻ˵˵ѣǾΪһ£ٿС׵ķݶϣԲæ˭㣬㲻ܰﵹæҸҴģһͻһӺǹʵȫװſƬǿū͵ܱȫץ˭˭ʵˣ֪һ㣬֪ģѵ㲻˵ЩʲôɿƷſȣʵ̲ס˵
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˲͸¶ʵȴԸԼѺͼˣǾֵεġ
һˣǳҿԪȼֻж˵꣬ȡһЩͨĿᣬѡһſƬ
Ȼһ̽⿨
ƣȻԪһԪľܱǣ˵ᴫ˵еĹ򣬶ԣǰƬǵӰƭ˵ģˣ߲ߣ㲻ߣҾˣҪ˲Ϊ˼š
ɣңʱֻôԼĺ˵
˸ղԼѷУӣûκαʾרĵĺȿȣƺڵʲô
뵽ʲô˹ٷγ˴϶ȥֵܣֵǴؼһ£Īǡ
뵽ɫһףѾ֪ʲôˡ
ɻ˵ЩʲôʱͻȻʣµһ뿧ȶȥȻ±ӣſȥ
ˣǴűȥ˵Ϳ˳ȥ
ҲҪȥ˵꣬ҲֱӸ˳ȥ
Զ߰װʻͬʱȻһװֱɻƻ൱ģɫһ䣬æ˻ȥ
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ЩܱԹͰΧӣúڶǹָߣһЩūͣһЩܱץſƬǿֱӹķ
ܿ죬һ˹ٷ򳤵мƵľٴһ˳ߵǰ棬
ˡάǡ̩գӹܱ١Υ˽عԷƬҴ߼ܱӣﷸץ˭ǵͬ𣿡˵ļĴ󣬶һһԪľߡ
ʣһʵȨľ٣ģ˺˵Ǹ˹ٷֵˡ
ҪҵľΪ˱ǿڵ˹ٷֵܣؼĹ£
Ǹһ㶣Ȼû뵽Էôʣ˭ֳ¶ܻ糣֮ǸЩ߳ŭԷȻʮջΪΪƾӵȨӦԼŶԡ
оԼܵ裬֮⣬ܵһ˿Σա
ֱ϶һ˻Ҳˣ·ˣоЩ죬ֱ֣Ϊؼһ£Ȩɱһ˸˭ʡ
ˣ˾ԼҪҵǸ£ȴ˦ſƬΧһΧ󣬽˶ΧڿС
ʱʿ۶˰㲻ܣϴŵһ״ӳŪĻףȻرãֵӵӦò⡣
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Ͻδˣһ̣Ѿʩչ׷磬˹ǰһץߵĲӣ·Сһ㽫Էץ
Ԫһֻһ
˹ĵɫ䣬һˣȻóǰǿĳ󣬱ԷסӣûС
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˴˿̲֪淢ʲôֻн̸ǹһ죬Ǹ˻ֻﻹץһˡ
˹ģһǷһ
֪˹˹ٷĸ磬һһԪľߣڣԷȻͼһţȻ󱻶˵ذϡ
ˤڵϵ˹Ǻˣɣǣ֪֪ʲôȻҰңҿǴؼĹ£ңǷؼ壬𣿡
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ݴо綾ҧ˻ǹԪ»̱ԪļҲ˵ϵſ죬¶˼Ķ
˹ģֻһλᣬʲôشʲôشˣͻһ仰˳߲ʵʵҲɱ㣬붼ĺôȡԼ


ڶ ߼оԱһ
ϣ˿ʱ䣬˵ģУֻҪʮӺͻϹһʱ˿˹ĵ죬ǶԷ֪ڵ顣
˹Ĵ˿̶ҶſϵͬһһĻ˹ûлɣΪԷûҪƭԼܳΪؼһ£˹Ȼ֮
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Ҫʲô£˹ĵ
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Լǰؼ彫һѧҴӻ˵֪𣿡ʵ
ʻͬʱϸ۲˹ĵı飬ȻԷ¶һ˿⡣
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мȴǲֺֻȶԷ𰸡
ؼѰмֵĿѧңһֱڽУԪоһ˲ţؼ嶼Ū֣˲ռƻ£ҲǸˣֻ֪һЩǰӻˣҲ֪˹С˵˵֮󣬶λɱɫһ̽п಻æ֪бĿѧңõ˴ؼ߻ܵĵ»ءԹУԹıܼ𼫸ߣһ޷룬֪λá
˵һ仰˹ĿɫһЩŰ˿
ղŵĻûаѻ˵ң֪ͬһһ˹Ҳ֪ԼһԵľһˣ֪ؼǿǰ»޿֣Ȼ̣Ҳ˵ԷҪɵԼѴ֮
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ȻˣǲʲôȻºܻᱻؼ屨ܱסһͬ룬˹һʶʱĴˡ
ǸԹĵ»λø֮˹ЩĿһ۶Էʱ򣬾ͼһ̧֣һֱſ˹ϵЩԸķ룬˹˿˵Ǻܽ
ƺ˹ĵ뷨ֱӵ˵ʲôʲôûƭҲɱ㣬󲻵ĺô
˵꣬һ˦֣һſƬȥ˹ҲԪľߣʵ־ͽӵϸһȴϷһ˿ʡ
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ǵģǮΪңΪͬܵԪֵѣʱƻȴ͵ģʿѵװϾͿԿ
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ţ˹ĵľܲеİأһǣҪס˹ĵ죬ûоȳ첩ʿ֮ǰؼע⡣
˹ģⶫеʱȥѡѡ㣬߰ɣˣ֪ô˰֣˹ɫһͨеĹؼæȥ
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Ҷ˹ı˵ҲὫ˵ȥΪѾؼ˵˳ȥһſƬһſƬֵûر󣬵ͺ˹Ľؼ˵ȥһһ鱩¶ĻؼŹ
˹Ķ˽⣬ǿ϶ᣬ֪һؼ֪Լ˵ˡԹλãսΣ˹Ķù
Խ£ڶԲ˵ȥȥС档
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ˣҵӦÿ쵽˰ɣ˿ʱ䣬˺ͲУͨ绰Ҳȥ˿һСʱʱԷ˵һСʱӦʱպá
һҲǷӦ룬æʵҾòУδػģ˽ҵĳ٣˵ᶯ
ǿδأһгӣһҲ֪Լ˵Ҳ˵ѾͬһˣܣҲ˵ʲô
뿪˵ļңص֮ǰľ»أ·ɼҪѯʣסˣȻҲǸĪ࣬ʵҲԸ˹ʱõֶΰɸסˡ
УѾˣǼžľ٣֮ǰ˵˼䣬Ȼ㿴һۣ𣿡
˵˵ͷǼپͶλһ˰ɡ
Ȼ˵룬ʵѹûһ˿˼˴㣬Ȼͼټƽʲôϵĸ⼸˳
㡭˻˵ʲôȴǸ˶Էһ赣ĵӺ¡¡ʻء
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һųɱ֮װ̹ˣҿģͬﻹдŻеս׵ʿѲߣչֳһɱ֮


ڶ ߼оԱ
ûֱͣӿһ£Ȼ˴ţһ¥ĳķ䡣
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һСʱľٴ˳˸ڵһ䣬Ȼ͸ڵѾˣ٣һһ塣
ԺʮƣǸͷҪߣҲǿ׳УıȻһԽ׵
ͺʹһ
٣ˣ˿ӲûѣԪȼǲԣҲֻԪ˵һ߼оԱǸٴ˿µ
ǶˣĺܺξȥɣûˣһŴͷʮҵУٴ˿
ǣǸپһ˳ȥʱ򷿼ֻʣٺһ塣
𾴵˹ʹֻһͨߣ̽Ҳܺõ˵һ㣡УʱǸ˵
У˹ʹʲôϻֲԤע⣬ֻһССУǸ廹û˵һһٴ˿˵һλȻЩУղŵۡ
ϵҵ£½ҵξһвǰȫĵ˻Уʱ˵
һЩջ𣬻˵ʲôȴǿ·ʹһ̧֣æ
ſŵǱߵðһԪɢһƬ͵ĹâƬ֮âɢȥɻȻֻͨߣ˷ʱ䣡
˵꣬ŲУһԵĽ½Ҹˣ˲Ҫҵˣסʱκףδʵ˶Ҫһһ飬ÿһҪҵıϲſԣʥʹˣԼɡ
ǲУ˿ξˣ⣬Ҫ군ܵǣֻһ
ǰؼ´һǾϲˣÿһҪȻ飬˵һֱʥʹ
ʥʹҲһܣֻ֪ܶ˶ΪؼǿһƬʮ;ۼصͳߣʵϣؼֻһܡĴϰ壬ʥʹ
ҲΪʲôھﵽʹ־
һʥʹµ˭֪ΪʲôһǳĵˣУ֪ʥʹжôǿܱʥʹ˿صˣôͨˣٿ϶Ѷȥͨߡ
ڣһжᡣ
ˣ˵Ǹ߼оԱУ룬ţſڵѶİ칫ңͬʱУ绰һԪоרҡ
ͬøȫ˲һУǽ˲ſҪһأֻǿŸźڣǶһֶΣʹ
һʿһ칫ңѾˣһУ٣һ۾ͷ
ͨԪӦȷУپԼѶҸеһ
ҲӦˣ֪һӦһ壬ʵﵽԪļֻԪӦ֪Է˵ʲô
ܶԷʲô⣬ȻԼӦʱŪȥˣӦǺǹʵʿŶԡ
Уٴ˿˵ǲУѾˡ
ǵģ˵ʲôҪ㣬˵ʶܶˣʮִݣƺ֮ǰѹͲһ㡣
û˵һҪһˡУʱʵʵϲûнϸԲУ֪Ŀģ֮ǰҲΪʥʹŲû¸һ˸ӴŵİˣԷ˵ѡ
ǵģ֪ҪҵһӦúѣڴ֮ǰұ뷨Լھ绹磬˶ҪԷģǡ󡯵˵
ûҪʵı֣У⣬ҵ˵һ߼оԱһᣬ֪ģʲôʱܻҵԼһϯ֮أôоʲô򣿡
Ҫ˵ͷϷˣЦЦ
Ҳö˹ģҲ֪ؼʩеġ˲ռƻҲΪ£˺ļƻ
оԪ嵱ūҲ˶˺ܶƿװһԸȥı顣
ƿ˵ƿ㡭ʲôĿƬһ˵ǲУߵǸͷ
ʵһʼע⵽ԷˣԪһǿӵλͣû´ӦһԪרңҿǲУרԼġ
ֻҪͨͷĿ飬ţԼ߼оԱҲʵˣԼʵû꿨ѹƵԪĳ̶ȣǻ꿨һͬޱޱһ̽⿨޷ʵôΪԡ˲šݻ뵽ԹС
ܿһſƬͨԪѾ¯࣬Ҫ֪ڿѧͽԪƿؼΪ׼һſƬҲգ֮䣬Ϊ˲ֵ̫ףǹٶȣˣȵԪǸͷһ𾪡
ÿٶȣȻֻ˲ӣ㻹ʲôƬͷĿƬȡ󣬼ʵ
Ҳû˵ֱַһһ˿һԪ￨Ԫ￨ѾǶ￨ˣֱԪ죬ͼѧϰƿȻ൱߶ˣͷһĿƬ޷ٵˣһ۾ֱˣȻ٣·һϡ䱦һ㡣
УҪˣҪˣֱţ


ڶ 롮Թ
ԪоȨҲǡԹоĸ֮һһҲֻǴһѲУæû뵽Ȼһƿš
һ￨оļֵ̫ԻֱӴţ˿ҪҲصоԹһоԱܻ׾ͱ롮ԹƱػᾭһϵе͹۲죬˭ûԹĸ֮һȨǺܴģҪһ˽ȥʲô
һȫԪ߶ʻһ·ϣǰһɽʮѾ˿룬дž½
ǰԿɽ¿һ·ϺһЩΧʿЩʿʻûֱӷΣǾܵļ飬Ŵó롣
ղ濴ǧȫװʿԿյھڣ˵еװ׾ţҪǣ˺ܶ·һ豸鲼Ⱥɽ롣
ڣЩʲô·ϣͨΪԨԪƿ֪ʶܿͺھһ˼оϵˣûʲôĻҲΪһвֱӵо̽״ȫλǧﷶΧڵ򣬾ڵ£ҲȽ̽κ˶ܴ뵽ԹоȻﱾӵĳǿԪֻܴضڽ룬ҲǱɡ
һһ㶣ԭļƻǺϴ³һɭڶ͵͵Ǳ룬ڿҿԼûôֻԹôԪ
ɻ󣬲ȴûб¶Ż˳Ȼͨ˼䱸ɭϵĹؿŵ˴ɽĸ
һŹֵĶ
һεľ壬ӵ͹͹ĲѾ¥ߣﵽʮףһһ㡣
ֻǣȫǽʵصģļʶȻʲôоֽʮּӲڣó޽ܲܿһоо
֮⣬ϣҲǸ·Ρ
ʱע⵽ȥһڡ
ڣʲôط̲סʵ
𺳰ɣҵһʱҲһֱ񼣣ȻЩԳʹ壬˵ǡԹҽ֮ΪϣһȻߵǰһ㷢ԪַڣǰҲһͬһνϡ
ܿ죬ǸһǽһǰǸԪ־ͱˡ
ԹֻϼоԱܱȨڣ˵꣬ͷ߽
·ʱһǸǽһԪ˲͸оһɻӦջָ˽ȥ
ղֻ̽ԵһһǽҲԤ֮ڣӿʼ֪ԲģһżֻżȻĴڣڻûнȫо͸
ԼԪעǸǽȻԼԪҲ˵Լͬ˿ղǸԪֵ
ǽںܿкܶͨǽͬиָӵ·һεķ侹ȻͬһȥʮӲܸͣоʮӣԼ½˰ס
ѵղҿֻǱɽһǣֻڵ£ðôһͷиǾ
ݣſһ޴ޱȵĿռ䣬򳡰С˳ӿشڷŸȻһ͵оģټһЩ˸һСÿһоԱڹţһ࿴ʮֹʬ壬Ȼоġ
ôˣ֪ʲôط
ţڵ϶ͨоԱٲĬĬ֮ԼҪʣ϶Դ
뵽ڵڣһˣûһоԱһǻˡ
˵ڣڵķӦΪԾΪҪһЩܴû뵽ڻ֪ڡ
ûҺܾǰѣϸ˵ҵʦʮֳϿҵ˵
ڵѧ԰뵽ŶԣôоԱǻˣӦ뵽֮йϵұʹ㽫㰲ŵºˣɣЦ˵ȻҲ˷ܣһǰߵһԶԶĳһһ̨ǰоһ˺ˣڣҰ˭ˡ
ڵһĵˣһһ·ϺܶкͿóû뵽ڲʶ൱졣
ڶԹ﷢ֵĶоҵƲûѷϼ֮µĽǵԭ;ڵҰҶԪȼƶϣǺܾǰߵԪģǧʷˣһķ֣˵ûҪôȲҪңǰǸͷûлأһֱڵͷоΧһЩоԱսսȻʮ˵ˡ
һΣûȻ˵Ѿȿˡ
ڣң
һ仰û˵ģΪڿǰǸ˵һ˲ϳ˾ڣǰȫ̸ԼԪʽԪŽƫִһоǸѧҡ
䣬ǰǸһȴ͵תƵϣ¶Ԥϵǰ㲻˼顣
㡭㡭С⣬ûۻɣժԼ۾Ȼ˲´ֿȷϣ漴¶һЦݣó൱ĸˣһûмԸ˥һЩľȥ㣬ΪǱǿдģΪڹĺܲãڿڵĵλ൱ߵġ
ңҲǺܸˣΥطĹˣ˻ԼԪʦȻҲ¶ڣĵľ𾴡
ôѵǲЩҲҲץˣЩ쵰ģڣǲҰôδڻһԼˡ
ʱĦ߹һεڣ϶ᣬûнץԼġ


ڶ ȫ
һǿʮƽ׵ķ䣬ڰ칫ϢĵطֻҪϲӣ滹һ˽Եġ
˿̣ͺཫһľ˳ڣûʲôģȻദʱ䲻ȴʮڣҲһ
Ȼڴ֮ǰΧ俨˭֪ûбװ߼Ϊ˱ǲ¿ĺã˿ĿѾ޽ӽ豸ڿﶼûá
Ҳʮַģڵľܼ򵥣ǰ벿ֺ˵һͱؼ͵˱Ϊڵ֪ʶֱ̫ҪˣܶҪķǳ֣֮ҪԪռһϯ֮أͱҪ˴ڡ
ʱڣԼרģ֮ǰǽռ³ǵ˵˳
һȣѾӵʨǺ֮󣬸ЩţǺһЦֱӽԼԪȼȫ߷俨ԼﱬǿԪõ֪
ҲԪĳ̶ȣȻ֪ڵʵѾﵽŵĳ̶ȣҲĻڵĻ˵൱УûһӵбǿԪȻˣ˵ľͺܿģϾһǿΪ硣
ڣһΪ˽ȳȥ³Ҳҵˣ걸о豸Ƕڵ㣬ҲҪİԼһĿ˵˳ӳҲȥ˽£м飬ǾͳȣҲеʧҵڣֻҪڴȥôҲǻһԲľš
ǿ϶ԸȥһǿȷģֻǽڵĻشȴĿɿڴЩš
ͼڿãȻҡͷڻߡ
Ȼû뵽ھȻܾ뿪ȵڵԭô¡
ԭһʼڱҲǷǳ⣬Ǵؼ˽ǿаģ֪ѧʵоֱǵ˳տĳ̶ȣڱֱ֮ӱ͵ˡԹУڿԹԿ϶ľ͵½֮ڳ׵ĳȥ
һУ˵ƺֵоģĻ˵ٻʮֻ꣬߿һЩͿ㹻ʱоԹ
㲻֪ԹҪ֪һУֻ֪Թжϣ滹кܶණûֵֻ̽̽ĶѾԽͺܶˣԪãƬγɣˣйǵᱻԪֵ飬ﶼҵ𰸡˵¶˼֮ɫͬһɫһģһ
ʱƽһ룬һԪ룬⵱кܶȤĶ֪Ľ֪ĴҲн𣿻ϼı棬ֹܶΪֻһĹĳּ˾ĶǶǺͷԪģԪ޽ЩˣַͬռλԪһڿеֽȻ໥ȻغһһһԪ־ͷˣһıҲ˵Ϊġڴ˿̼Ĳо֡
֮ҲǴһѹû뵽Ȼ顣
һֱΪԪʱֻһżȻ˭֪Ϊʲôᷢȴ˵Ϊģ޽ЩˣΪԪ翿
ڿռ䡢λЩѧƣڵĻȴǺò˵Ҳʮֺ档
ڣ˵ʲôʵ
һԪӦͬһλѰҵԪ磬ΰĽЩԪͬĳַһѾϰǧ꣬ڸӦԪ֮ǾͻֹͣȻ󱻷кܶڵнԭͣĽģģоһУΪһɣϳô϶ǳĳĿģЩ޽ʱڶǾ˵ƣһɺкܴϵ˷ܵ˵ȻõԴһάͼһģ͡
ҷ֣ԪɷӺͽ񣬶ȹ̵ΣԪʽҲкܴĹϵҪǣҷɿƬԪʽٷ֮󣬶óһļιʽͼλʽ»ôɻóһһΣһһǳҪķ֣оȥǾͿԪ㷽ȻõǵϵͳʱԪ᳹׳ԽеĿƬΪԪİ˵Ѿһ⣬ȻΪԭŻܾҪΪ뿪޷о
Ҳ˳˼Ȼڵɷǳ֣˵ڣԼҲоһ£ͬ˵ԽԪǹʽõϣôһûоѵͨˣҲԸɵԪļԪ弶͸ߵȼԪ
ӦԼд죬֮ʧȥҲнĳɾ͡
˵ʱ뿪ķȼȫߵģҪͷӴӳȥѶȿ൱˵ܣˣǻ˲Ҳæôˣ϶ܵǣںǺһЦȻǽԼ֮⡣
ǿδأ뿪ȴԼţڻڣȻҲ˲еʱǲ㵽ġ
ɣڣҶҲܺ棬ʱҾооͻƣҪ뿪ͺ˵ҿ϶ǿ԰Ȼ뿪ŵ˵
Ǻãˣ仰о˿̣һ̨ǰһǳӺ͵ĵӵͼһۣоеͼ־òΪͼҪ󣬴˿кܶ˸
ʲôʵ
ȫؼƻǰ׹һܼƻҲڲ֪ܶҶʶҪ޴ֱ䣬뷨Ӧԣз伸ųǾһЩǿƻһ֣ǹҾ˵Ҳڸ㣬Ϊʱ䡢ϵ⣬ûиֱʱȥȫΨһ˳ǵĹҾ׹ΪЩǴڣɿԽȫأľԪһº֣仯˺ܶָĻϵһ˵


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Ԫ֣ʵϾǼԪںϵḶ́˵ԭһֻһƽ׼ôڣı
硣
˿Ҳ𺳲ѣЩǣͷϳһſ۾ʵ̫ˡ
ͼЩɫĹʲôԼʡ
ҽҪ˵ģҲֵһ鷳ЩһЩ޴Ԫڵλãֺ˵ԪʧˣֻʧУʵһǰģһǰطĳ𶯣ͻȻֱ仯ʱ̽鵽Ԫ𶯵ںУƲӦǷĳִ£ЩԪǰʧˡ˵꣬̾ף϶Ǵ¼Ӧʱ𶯣Ȼǰ˱۾𶯣û뵽Ȼᴫﵽ
ҿӣȫ緶ΧڵԪڿʼʧҲ͵ʱ¼йء
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ʱͻȻӦԪڿǸ뼫Ԫϣʧǻ֮谭ӴԺҪԸǿֱӵв
һ㣬ǺܶС;ۼؾͻ᳹ʧֻд;ۼزȥ
ôǡʨǱߵأ
ϼӦÿȶסƣ³ǿĿƼ֧֣϶Ϻܶࡣ
ʱ䣬оԱЭоò˵Ŀ̫ǿˣһҲȡ˺ɫĽṹͼһоһ£ڵİ£һµĺɫļȫˣУ˺ܶԼĿƼԪء
ҪԱһҺɫ磬Ҳһ׵飬֮ԹˣҲὫɫκˣмƻڽɫͼĶԹ﷢ֵĶȻ֯ﾫ죬ûκλɡ
˭ɫַٶıкɫ磬ôӱϻǣֻҪСʱͿԣΣҪõµĺɫ硣
󣬺ɫλԹڵһ칤ﱻ˳õĽȽԪϽ𣬶Ҽ˵ϵͳϵͳ״ϵͳϣɫԾһԪֻҪԪԿ
ƿʦ˵Ҫºɫ磬Ҳ£Ȼ͵͵ɵģΪˣǸС͹һЩС鷳һ͸뿨Ҳ˵Ƴ͹󣬷˭޷ٽ뵽Ǹ
Ϊ£Թﻹ˼죬߼ٺͿѧҶ뷨ҪУôܹĿ󣬶ڣֻ˵Ԫ䴥Թĳֻµģһһ͵컻յİϷõͺɫ磬һ֪Щ׹Ϊ³ΣգǽһƬ롣
֮ǽ֮Ż֣ᷢǸ͵ķͲˡ
е鶼ڰļƻУڶԹоҲ˹ؼʱ̡
Թĵʮ죬ˡ
һȫװʿԹֱҵʲôû˵ֱҪ뿪ǴԤϣ͵͵ڴһƣȻ󲻶ɫĸЩʿ뿪Ѿ͵͵ԹĽȨޣ㷢ʲô⣬ԼҲת
УȻǴ飬ǻڣҲʮҪЩʿһԼоԱ˴ߡ
ЩʿڳʾһЩļ֮󣬻ɫͺѿֻǵͷͬ⣬ȻиһǻҲΥ
ûз˳ӵıԹȻ汻ͷһڲϳ֪ʲôط
û춯Ϊ£ڵʵǿԪ֣򼸺û˭Ķ֡
ҾԪ
ķһԼòŪļװʮߣƣԪĸ֣Ҳһս˵˿˵Ǻ£˵Ǻ棬֣Լ¶ˣԭ
ʿʼղһԣʻ˲ʮӣͣǣʿȻһȫ³ûԼ
ðһΣ
⣡
һ̣һžžͬһǹ촫˹˲ͱǧٿף棬Ȼϰȫװʿ˿еǹеɨһܿʹ䣬¡һը죬Ũ졣
ֹͣ
һٴ˿ܿ죬ǹͣǰֻһѾըķѣȼŵ
٣ʲôˣˣһЦ˵
ע⣬ǽӵǽĿһƬ򣬽ȫɨ䣬鲻Ҫܣһٴ˿
˿̣кҵȼգһ̣ЩͻȻת·һԽԽ죬γ߰׸ߵĻЩͻȻʱԿһӰվеĻ·ĳѹһ㣬㼯ӰУһſƬ
ٺʿɵˣ·𿴵˶ô˼һĻ˿ѾյıεĳУһˣ֮ǰǴǸˡ
Ǹоֵǣ˾Ȼ˿δ·ûһ˿𣬾ͷϵĺͷ׶
ƺЩһղһҲǻ棬֮ǰӵͬһ㣬ѵҲûлжԷ
ȻЩʿϰˣ˿ÿһжðһɳǵĺ⡣
ôģΪʲôӵ桢ըƺ޷˺ˣǿԪǼܶ࣬Ҳɱܶ࣬ûм
˿ĿƬȻһѳͷϵĺͷס
ղڸоͬʱԼΧ˷ԲŻĿƬʱ⣬ñըȼղǿ棬ƿַһŶԪٻ
ԪֻжʵҲ൱ǿģǻԪأɵ壬Ի湥ˣûʹ޿־壬õս
˿һֱ߳ٻԪء
˲䣬һϻɻɵԪֱ֣Щʿһʱ䣬Щʿ˻ҵС
ûЩʿ̧ͷǰĿУһʼƯżˣмǳʹ壬ʶֻһʶģһǳС
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ڷʱѾǴʮֵľ񣬵ںϣһǧʯƵ·ߣɥʱȥץǸհצ㣬ߣֻǶԷô


ڶһʮ װ
ǿѾĳܷΧӵ׻꿨ʵԿԪ弶֣ʵϣԪȼļҪԸûʤ㡣
мװߣҲûаգϾʦԽһԪĸ֣ŮսҲδռơ
ڿʱѾ˼һƻˡǱϣһ򶨡
ΪʦΪʵ˲ݣʦķ䣬㹥ΪѧͽңҲǴʦɷ˿ͷƯڿеŭ
˼ۺ
ȻͿǽղŵľȫ¶˲мЦݡ
ĵӣҳԾҲ˲𰡣ȻԽּĸ߼УҵǧʯûнɵұΪٲӵóû뵽ǰʱıĪʧѾ֪Ϊ׷ٴؼˣ϶Ⱥʥʹһкʥʹһƿأκη紵ݶӲʥʹһĶĿһǾ֪ˣֻҵʱҪ㾿Ҫʲôûвˣ˵ȫϷ֮ɫ
֪ԼԹͱ˼ˣֻһԼûз֣ںԼĹϵԷҲ϶֪ˡ
ûи෢֣ԽԷŽԼ׼
˵ϾϣΪԹｨɫΪһ͵컻˭֪𣿺ߣûж㣬Ҳֻ㽫ɫöѣһὫɱȻȥӹľۼأʥʹһǾͺܴЦΪǿūǣҲô˵ʵһܺõū˵һЦȻΪһжյС
ڣǸɫǧʯɣһʹһ㣡˵ʱ򣬺һļʥʹһ壬˿һҲ˵ʦӦֻȡϵǧʯĶǣϣ㲻Ҫʳԣ
ģֻҪǸǧʯСϵĺöкܶ࣬ܽԪȼصôãȻЩǣЦ
һѾʥʹһǱΪˣǴĳЭ飬ʥʹһ壬Ҳˣͼ￴ǵϡ
ʥʹһҲڵԪԪʥãǰҲԻ͹ʦ֮󣬴ԪľͳΪʦʥʹ֣ͱ˺ˣⲢ˵ʥʹһ岻ǿ
ǵԪĸǲǿģ
˵һ壬ǾǵԪǿѾӹɣһЩϹžˣӵо޴ޱȵͣԺɽȼ磬Ŷ
ʥʹҲһǿ壬ǵֱͺ֪ʹһģһ˿̺һ⼸ʥʹʵһ㣬ֻһﵽԪ弶ŽֳֽɫĶǴףʵҲֻԪļ
Ԫ弶Ҳῴ˵Щʥʹƺ㣬ûб֣ĶֻһǾ
һֻһˣûκԮĵˣ˵ʤ㼫٣˼ת֮£Ҳûԥֱӽʿٻͬʱаķ
֮⣬޽Ҳ
ڵܣΪ֪ܲһܣƱػ¶ʱ򱻶Էץסй㡣
Ҫһʼͽǿսӳδִ˿ͬһĶһȴĴ߶޽Ҫķ͹⣬ķ´ðķһżװʮٻװߡ
СΪ㻹л𣿿ЦȻֿЦΧʥʹ¶ĵɫ
Ԫƶϣһ಻Ԫļ۷ʵǵκһԽɱ治֪ĶԿǡŽ׵ʥʹɫµ
ʱ򣬰ķǱ߷һ˻УһſƬһ̣ķǧʯԪһſƬ
ŶˣҲˣһ˸ò֪Ūĸ߼ħ͵ϮóѣֻܿϧҲǷǸӵǧʯӵкʦһʵҲҵĶ֡ڴսʱˣһĶ־ͻʿ󽵣õֶΡ
ɲᱻֻŵս⡣
ǿδأ񣡡˵꣬ķļʮѾһޣһȫһɫŨɵƾճ֡ȻֻǼװߣǵֵʱ򣬻ɢһǿޱȵѹ
Ԫ弶
ҾԲͨԪ弶⻹ֻĽߣ̬ߵԪȼԻᳬԪܴﵽֲԪ߼
㶯֣ɵ֮߳ϵıԿƾʣһӦȻ˼ףһֱſǸǧʯ˿ҲȻ¶ٴеӡ
ǼʥʹߣҲֹϸ¶ľɫɫ
⡭ߣôߣƭǣһѧͽʦԲԣңǿٻߵʦ׵ʥʹʧ
ʱһ¶⡢ɻмȵļ֮ɫ
ԷַӦԳԤ֮⣬ΪʲôЩ˿ߣȻ¶˲˼ı顣
϶ʲôԼ֪顣
ʱڴлָϸǰǸƬ̺Ŵ¶һ˿⣬ԣⲻߣСڹŪ飬ߣֻԪ弶Сӣ㾹ȻŪһðŪǣ
˿̴ŭֱӳ˹˦־ǼſƬ
˲ʱ䣬Χ籩꣬һϯдִ磬ҲǺ
Ҳһֹʩչ׷ˣͬʱ񼤻һ
ͬʱļޣɫľ֮ȭ񣬶Ȼֶμ࣬ȻһŸ߼ܡ֮ȭȫ⣬գ֮䣬ѾȻĶ֣߾ϵսļһ֮²ʩչ


ڶһʮһ ʦ
˭֪ԶսûʦĶ֣ΪǿĹһС
˿̣Ǻʮ׽ս
ҲֻǸո𲽣϶ǲѾֻƬ̾ЩмܲסóĽսԷӳҪΪøǿʹս
ҪǻһԪļԪ弶˿̾ԶмܲסͱˣȻ漣ļסˣҲ֪ôȥԼǱɡ
͹ʱֻоһΣϮݺ꣬вĴڣǴ˿̣ҪأһŴзΪоһεв
Ѿ֪ĳצץ
Ƕʮʮ־ˣ˿ǿȥʮַצȥȻǺ谭Ĵһɫ䣬ۿ޷ߵצӣؼʱ̣ǧʯͻȻ۵һУһſƬ
һâֱ˲Ƶʮ׿⣬ȻߵĹҲһգ˿ſжôǿȻԴ͸һзֱĿֶ꣬Ԫʦһ˵
ٶȼ죬ԻΪޣѼʱŻͻȻֽһֲ˾ߡ
⻹ֻһװߣߣǻղһ£˲ƶ޷ѡ
һߣʥʹҲΧйʿΪֵһЩʥʹֳֳǽսͣڽս˵η壬޽ķδ֣Ԫ弶Χ¡
Сʲôʱô˿ɫȴǻָǧʯһƣֱӼһŸ߼ȻٻһȫɵĹ
·һߣ͸׳׵罻ӣһ־ͷžžľ죬
һ۾ϳһ߼ʮŵġ׵ߡһֹΪǿİԪʮֱŰȶԪء
ʦٻȻͬͨ׵רΪٶȼ죬գ֮ͻһɵ⣬ֱȥ
оΣգ׵ߵٶ̫죬ʩչһ׷֮󣬺գ۾׷ȻǶ㲻ģæ߶δֵֵ
δ˺ںӵ֮󣬴˿̱ĸѸ٣ЯƻԪ߶ֱӾſݵļˣӭײ׵ߣͼһҵĵȫ׵ɵ߾Ȼķѡ
ǱɢЩ׵ƬҲȥƲһ붼
һֻǷת˲֮䣬񿴵¶һĨЦ
ȻǱ׵ҲмΪǿĹΪ׵ԪԿ˵ǹǿһֻ֣һС飬ɾ޴˺
֪Լ׵ߵƬУҲܵش˵ֻԪļѧͽˡ
ڿȻӵֲֿūͺҪɱľ͸ᶨˡ
Ϊ漰һ޴ܣŪƺֻһ׵İƷʵߣղŵһ¹Ͳܶÿ߿ӵдռԼ˲ƿܣҲԲܶÿߵĹ
Ȼ߲Ǹ߼бߵģҪۼĿֲﶼȲߡ
뵽ԼԴӶԷеõߵܣǼޱȡ
϶׵ߵƬУҲˣǽԤϡ
˿̻һ׵磬ȻǰȻһ̣Щ׵ƬȻȫߡ
ܣôɫһ䣬˭ЩƻͨԪļȻǿᣬֵƬҲ̱飬ʵӦֻһԪļôܻһӦͻš
ʵˣɵţһԪļʥʹ͵Ϯոտͱһؿڴ̴ֱӻɱ
ղҲһȵЩ׵壬֪Щ׵Ѿ˺ˡ
ҲϴαԷǧʯε׻׻꿨׻꿨˸һ̶ȵʵһ׵ͻߣֹѾ˺ֹԴĳ̶ֳϱڵĻ꿨գӶʵ׳Ԫ
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֪ɫ֪ԼһСԷֶξȻǲÿһμ棬ԷһҪܶ࣬˵ʵʵ͵λһʼûн￴ģ˵Ҫôһϣֱ̫ףöֻ֣÷ֵܻԸ
û룬ϵ˾ȻԽԽڣȻɱԪļԪ弶Ķ֡
֪ԼʧˣҲðһɺ⣬ȻѾߵİƷղŲһԼ﷭һβܽԷɱôһء
ĳɳٶȣ˵һΣ·һԼˡ
뵽Ѿ˾ϣԲ鷢ȻвǾҪײ
ԼָϵĿ䣬ȡſƬǧʯ˿ҲȡһſƬ
ͬʱǼĿƬ
Ǳ߳˼ƯڿеһѽһѸͷɢ͵ԪâǧʯڼһſƬʮΪһʮ׸ߵľޣˣǧʯξȻǱɾһģ̵ۼףצӷ˫Ŀе֣η
һ̣о˼ȵΣգовĲǱɾһǧʯǰƾƯڿеһһ
ɢɱǸʮףҲоƤۣʣҪɱˣһζԷǶʵ
޴ѹЩмװߣҲû˿ȫУȷԼĶ֣һӵ׻꿨ʵǣнδ֣мװߣԼĶ֡
оʮֱֲòʵ
ǲ࣬ڿ׻ɱͨԪ弶֣ٻװʮߣɲ߼ʦĶ֡
ֻȻ֪һ㣬Ҫ־ȻҲܣѾˣƴԼҲҪƴһƴ
Ҳ˵ֱ׼򣬲֪Լ򲻹Ŀܴܺ
ɱǱȻѾٵˣһ˦֣ƯڿеһһɱǧʯҲſһɫ׵硣
ʱһԼٶͻȻǰһӰ˦һſƬǰ̱һŹŹֵУȻһ޴ޱȵƣһӣĽ;ͱ˻ȥ
˿̣ǹĹâɢȥֳһ˵Ӱһд󶨣Ϊʦʦ


ڶһʮ ˱
Ǳľû뵽ʮ˷ܣҲ֪ԼʦʵԲҪһԼӦ˵ûΣˣڿʦΪʲôʱ٣Ҳ֪
һſƬٻеһֻֻĹ˿վԭһ˪һǧʯҲ˫ðɱŶԷǧʯ
㾹Ȼһѧͽ֣ȻǷŭ˼㣬һȡһſƬ˦ֶſŵɫǧʯವһɳצһ½һſƬڵϡ
صһһſƬ̱ȻҲһŸ߼ƬһɹɫԪ浱Уһ̿Կ濪ʼ𶯣ʯѣѷһа׶೤ִޱȵҲ֪һ߼ʯɣȫһεˮ⴩УɭľҪǿʮֹΪ׺ʮ㣬һ־ͷһ𣬳
ڿʱѾתȻٻɫһ䡣
Էеһ򻯰ߣ߿û˿ʤ㣬֪Ŀ£ͬһʦʦ̵ģȻ֪˴мＸʱǵϣֱӳǧʯһƣ߻⣬ȡſƬǧʯǱһʧ١
һܣʣµļʥʹɵˣһѾƥУ˿ֶһ߼ʦѾǷǳںĺˡ
ԪʥõУʥʹֻһͨ϶ǲܺʦȵģ⼸ʥʹЩ֪룬ǵĲԪ弶ԷһѧͽУ͸˵ոͽߵĸ߼ʦˡ
ˣǼͳҵŭɣȻҲ֪⼸ʥʹΧԼӵͬѹûŹǣָһ㣬һͿٳȥʥʹ״ŵǻɢǸԪ弶ʥʹ̺֪Ǹ߼ʦĲԣԸǸ⳥ĵӣԸǣʥʹһ岻ʹ˰ݣҪ
µĵСҿ»ûкڹ˭ѧͽ֣Ƕĵʦ֣ڵˣʦʴȣ͸һ˿ɫǼʥʹĶҪߣһͻȻһһԪٴոշʥʹ̸о·һӿȥһڽ⼸ʥʹȫ̳ԡ
ҲЩëֱԼ⵼ʦҲ̫ţˣǼʥʹȻʵһ㣬ҲԪ弶ĴڣȻ˵ɱɱûУһ㣬͸оʦҪҪܶࡣ
̳ʥʹĵ˻һڿʧ١
ҵʮÿһʦѡһΪȻҲ⣬ѡɱ¾֮ͲþսҲĶ֣ضγ߱ʱŤͷ˵ǽһսһѧ˵ԼľС
סΪһʦɻľǴȫһû˭ȫֻͨ޵ľоʺԼͬūͣٻͲʦٻܱģֻкԼūܴͨ߷ǿս˵꣬˿ߵİķ¶쳣ɡ
ʦʱǰ񣬶ڿǺ𾴵ġע⵽ķҲһԼĵʦԼҪķԼǲ
˼֮䣬벻㾹ȻƷʵǧʯ͵õˣܺãʺϳΪһʦ
⻰˿ȻʦԸУӰķ
ʦô֪ʱҲ࣬һǿʦͻȻɱԼѾɵˡ
Ļȴһ㶡
ҲģֻΪһЩ顣
˵¿˿ƺʲôԣͻȻ뵽ԼﻹеǸֵܻĵӿʦ͵ȡһľӣæȡ˫ַϣõӵȥ
ӼȻǵ˵ǣ϶һöʦԼνжȻĶԼôռΪУǰһֱûлᣬ㽫ԭ
˭Ͽĺӣһ㶣ȻǿһЦⶫѾòˣ෴ҸҪ
Щʲô˼˿˿վߵߣʮߣ˵ǿģҲصޣԴκηԽпռ䴩ڵԪһ˵ǾߣԽ˴һԪ磬ֻкܾúܾãûʦߣ㾹ȻԳɹȻֻһƷҲ൱ˣҽԺͽߵ￨úϤĳɾͲĺӣõһ֮ߵҪϣȻҵĵӣôĶ͸ɣ
˵̻꣬Ȼʣֲ񿴵ԼߺôԾʥʹҲһӣԭǴͷ
˵ʵһҲǶװߣҪĹ¼ôʱ䣬Բһ׵顣
ʱͻȻһ죬гһ޴УнƲ㣬Ƭ֮󣬴еУһӰ
Ȼ̷֣ȵǾ޴Ӱʧ˱۾ˣ
˱۾ô
ȻǾޱȣٿ¶ݣͷҲصĵԭر𶯣һ
˵ֱԾΧðߣٷ˹ȥ
ˣʦ׷˱۾ˣʲôΪ˱۾˳ֵĵطȻǸڵɽ
뵽첩ʿڽæҲ߶ߣȻŰķʿ߸˹ȥ
źԶͿԿѾʿᣬ˱۾˷˹һЩطõĶԿյҲһ䣬Կϰöɵקһβ̳˱۾ˣͬʱŴھڷ˺֮˲䣬˱۾Ͼðţ졣


ڶһʮ ߽
޴Ụ̃棬ȾһĩһĻңһֵͻȻϮľްһ׸ߵľͰ˱۾ǰԵôĲ԰
֪˱۾˾жôǿڵûãֻƬ̣ΪˣཫҪ޴Ĵۡ
˵ľӣ˿̱˱۾һŲÿǰһڿп˱۾˾ǳŽġ
ŽɽǰȻǰ˱붯ȻӲɽ۶ϣֱӾһߣ¶Ľ
ҽС͸ǹһš
һ̣˱۾ֱϱһɹŹֵԪâ޴ޱȵƣס˽Ȼ˱۾˷һ
¡һ£ֻоԴ˵һ·һȭУȻʧȥʶӿȥʮӺŴѣѹ̧ͷһȴǿһԶĳ
˱۾˾Ȼð޴ޱȵֱۣű廹Ҫ޴Ľ½˿еǸ޴еУķɻڵ첻κ˺ֻȡߡ
ȵ˱۾˵ӰȫǹŹֵ֮кȻʧ·ûгֹһһƬǽ壬ӣǱȡ߽ĵطǳһ޴ޱȵĿӶ˵ѡ
ʶܶ಻˼飬ǽ죬ɱǰһĻ˵ʵҪֹ˱۾˵ĳ֮⣬ٶʮʥʹЩʥʹǰ˱۾ûа취ԼĵʦƺҲʩչǿûֹ˱۾ˣ˵˱۾˵Լֳˣûһֹ
ǿһˣΪʲôߣ
ãڣʱŷӦڻڽǰ˱۾˴ߣ˵Ҳˡ
Դʱ˵һ⼸ĽӴѾ֪̫Ҫ֪ʶ˵ڣôǣʨǣ³ĳȣγһǿޱȵսԪʧ֮Ԫ᳹ںΪһ壬ʱƱҪ͵ԪӴеԪ磬ҪԼԪӱͱҪԼص㣬ԪȼڵԪ磬͵ͣ϶ǱȲԾֻܱƼԪںϳ¿Ƽ
ڣ¿ƼҪһͽһʧ˭֪زصеżͲ˵ˡ
лڣԼҲܺãоԱҲʱϤ˲٣͵һ¶ߣ֪˭ѹ
ѾһţūȫջأȻ𿿽Ǹ޴ĿӶѾγµĿӶǹĴһ㣬ȥЩˣɵӶ¿ȥûпκмֵĶ
Ѿһţ̶һʱ䣬˵ʿѾԼˣԭ̵ıݣϣڣȫ˱۾˴ݻˡ
ʱԶһʥʹ߿˿æʣǿʦĵ𣿡
ͿʥʹҲʥʹԪȼԪļѣΪԷ鷳ģû뵽רԼġ
ûлػֻǵͷȻʥʹǺнĵġ
ʦǸʥʹʮֿ̬һ˿ʵ˽
ԪʦΪģҲԲҵʦ֮ǰԸҲΪݺʵˣһǿĿʥʹ̬ȻҲ̸ı䡣
ʵܹʥʹǽͷݣֻ˵ƲˣЩʥʹǰڳһ߸ϵļƣʦǰҲֻܹѧͽҲǡ
ʦǿ
ʥʹһ»أΪļһˡ
˵ʱΪԼ۾ˣȷ֮󣬲ǼޱȣΪΪѾڽﱻ˱۾һߵڡ
֮⣬˿ʦϢǿʥʹԼһȺ࣬ȻЩ˿̶վ棬һ
ʦ֮ȸʦѧͽҪصڡ
𣿡ɫЩÿȻΪ˱۾˵飬˶ûж˵ֻǵ˵ͷָʵ
ǣͷϣæʵڣôܳģѾ
ڴ˿һٺӣһȵܼ򵥣Ǽһ֮ǰһЩʥʹУҪԸ㣬Ȼ֪ʶ԰󣬾ͬʱҲѶӹһ٣
Ȼ򣬰ɺʵ̫ʱˣǽڴѶѾһˡ
ڣأأʱʵͼһɥҡҡͷֻһ˳˻ڽǸ˴ˡ
Ȼ˭֪˱۾˲ΪˣΪǸһֻϧҲ޷̽ԭˡӳ죬˵һ¡
ʱûˣֱǰȥ֪ʦҪ飬Լæϡ
һ˵ĵطŵǸǸ˱۾˶ģֻû뵽˾ȻַʽͻȻ֣ȡǸԵڶԪ磬ڶԪѾûг֣һο϶ʲôԭұȥ֪ʦᷢһЩԤϵĴ£⣬ΥʦĹ涨ѧͽҲ֪ͨʦʦʸ񣬲֪٣ҲΣգһȥɣ
һ㶣ʶҡҡͷüͷһ壺ô㲻Ը⣿
æǣֻǵһһЩҪʱܻȥϣʦ⣡
ãԼעⰲȫûǿ󣬸û⣬룬ӿȡһſƬȻѾԼǧʯʦĹأֻҪͨǼ߼ʦͬͿԳΪʦȥҲ㣬Ȼʱȥ¾ʱ˺󣬲ͣ£ҶһЩĵãȫ¼һſƬУȥ򣬲ҪһҪԪֻأپͿԼ
룬ֵʥʹѾкǲΪ㣬ҲҪǣʥʹҲǵԪǿ֮һ
˵꣬ƺѾûʲôҪˣһۣȻ󼤻һſƬ˲ʣʧ١


ڶһʮ س
֪ԼλʦԸˣҲ˵˵߾ߣû⣬ſʦ򿨣Сյ䵱УȻ߻ȥ
ʼգûиˣ˿̳⣬ѹʶǿóʦѾЩƵ÷ǲʦģԼҪڣӦò⡣
ģҲģ߹ȥڱΪҪоǸڽûˣҲûҪȻԸȥ
ʱ򣬿뿪ǱһžĽһǰ㲻ܽߣǴؼĲƲҪƲ
ʮĽͷЩˣʮ㣬˵֮󣬴һҲһǰԣڶǺҪ㲻ܴ
üͷһ壬˿˵˭
ǡ׼˵ȴһ֣ϵҲ˭֮Ǵؼˣûɣ˵ǵĲƲǷƨ
ǰ䣬ǺɫǺֱǴؼɫǺ죬ֻȴûиҿ
Ѿ֪ǰͷܴΪʥʹҵ˺ĵʦؼȻһţӻеġ
ǴؼܵҵĵϽǣץҵڣܵѸǹЩҶ׷ˣôҪߣǻҪ𣿱ûǣëңǴؼȫɵ˵Ҳ׾ٵ飬Ųţ˿һɱĺ򼸸ʥʹһʥʹʵﵽԪʥʹеĸ߲㣬ֵҪҵѣУ̽ҵĵʦл
Ǽʥʹ£뿴ѧͽԱû뵽ԷȻֱ̯ƣ뵽ЩʥʹһѿǸԪʥʹҲЩΣȴǶȻѧͽѣҪȻ
˵꣬һ۴ؼļˣǴؼһʥʹˣȻȲʣҲû˵ʲôֻŷߺޡ
һֻܿҲû˵ʲôǿƵԼҪô࣬Ҫ˵ؼ壬ͶԷҲ޵ˣȻǺɫʥʹؼѾ뷨ӽȡ֮ˣҲ֪ʥʹһȻʦҲǣһֻǴھˡ
ҪǣؼٲǶҲ쵼һƬ࣬ƱҪ͵ĺ͵ԪӴǸǻ֪ڿǻĿҪԱʵҲӦġ
Ҳö˵ֱӴڵ棬ȻٻùڣԼ߶ֱɶȥ
һοɵĴڣ֪ΪԼΪпʦԵʣûпʦԴؼʥʹҪͻܡ
ڣȴԴҡڴ뿪ԷƨҷһǾ˵һ£ʲôطȭͷ˲лȨ
еٶȻҪҪܶ࣬һͿ˺ߣԼפںܱߵľӡ
ЩӵкܶԪ״װɻһ٣ַڿУľӲûз֣Ǵ˿ȴû˭͹֪϶Ǵؼ´
пɽǺãǱȿɽҪʵʲôʱʦžͿ嵽Է˵ˣзһпʱһסլһ·ȥ
˵ס
ˣѾԷԼѣˣ˹ѾԼշˣЩؼµġʱը
ԣҪˣҪһˣ˭֪ԼǺһģԼƨһ֮˿ܲУҪԷʨǻǣҲ޷ļֵ
ʱ뵽⡣
ʱǰʱ֣ѾصңӺӴһʱͻȻ洫ھӵļУæܳȥȴǿƮһˣ
˿û£ʮָˣ˵ʲôȴⱰ΢ϣȻƭң
˵꣬ȡһſƬֱӼ˲һɫӰֱӻˣֻоһ飬ǵز𣬿Ѫֱӻ˹ȥ
һУû˵һ仰ֱӷŹڣ˺ϣʵ廯˺ɫ磬˹һϺɫ磬Ȼʻֱǡ
뿪̱֮ľȻԱߣ;ȻԱͬʱģֱڴؼļعԱ
⼸ԭ˵ģΪǺһģǸͿ˱˹˱״̬ϸ֮󣬲֪˵˾ȻǴؼ֮ǵǸ
㱨ȥǸȥȻʲôһعԱ´󣬸žȻԱϵרΪʱȻ
Դѷ֮ĳмֹռ죬ѾΪӦûʲôҽԺģȴһЩʱҽҲרҵľ
˱ʱѾֹͣ˵һֻѾ̤˹ŹأһЩרҵҽԱ֤ʱҽҹĽҽƣǿסһҾҽԺܸ˵С¼ٲôһ㣬һԱɡ
ؼһؾۼڣһ߲õЩϢȻ⼸ؼĸ߲˵ˡ
ͿԿˣ󲿷ֶڳˡ
ô˵ξ֮ǰƭǸŻߵʱҪɱǲһġһ߲˿˵
ˣҽ˵ξ˾綾˵ǱɣξԪľߣʺǿעзĿѪ壬ǿסҿǸξܾĥ֮ǰ϶гģͬıĿԲ󣡡һ߲Ҳ˷
һһأҿ֪ңԶĶרһ־֣ƣһĸ߲˵Լ˼
ҾֿԲһξǵˣҲûҪôҽ˵ˣܻȫеԪΪԷܿĴɱξǴξܾĥ


ڶһʮ Ͼһ
ؼĸ߲˿̸㼺ȻǴ󲿷˶ΪξܻȫǽңԲ̫⡣ԭǴץξһʲôᣬǲٻɶԷֻΪ˱ǻǴξ֮һ¡
ξˣҲûʳκмֵĶǷξһҳϵľ٣Ϊˣؼ徹Ȼξֻǲֻ֪һ֣еĲǾ綾нҩиǼһϢҲʮϣԴؼ˲ûз˿
ЩǺ£ڴ֮ǰѾǻصǡ
ͺɫٶȱǰǸʽĻҪϺܶ࣬ǵʱ氲װ˺ܶ߼ĿƼƷԼųǵĶλʵȫ򵼺ֻҪ̶꣬ɫͿԶС
𼸸£ڿǵĳǽڴ֮ǰѾȻ³ǿ˿ûκ⣬ְ³ǵú
ȷĺɫ磬õ³½Ԫ״Ȼ뿪ļʱ³ǵĿƼһµĸ߶ȣ֮⣬״ѾǺʨǲ³ھһзأܶʽԴԴϵ˵Ǻʨǡ
аʽǹееװס
ԸԪһͶĹＴûоѵͨˣֻҪܹѵҲ֮սͼЩʵǿ
ЩڿǳĻ㱨뿪⼸ʱǡʨǺ³ǿٷչǾƿǵģ³зģʨǣӵ˿ڻܶ½ĹʨǵУһҲṩ㹻Ͷ
ĹȻϼúͶʮָˣ⼸ʱǿûٵ£ϵʱǵĳǱУרžһӭͬʱҲǻӭڼ롣
ȻĽӴ൱пѧ˵ֳϲϲʵȥо
ʵ϶ᣬҲûʲô̫ȤϼⳡȥμӣΪϵ˶еĸ߼ߺ͸˲ţŪʵϾΪϤӶ
ҹһʢŽʱ䣬ȻǺ;δ۵ϼԼôһ𣬲Ҫ³ǣֻǺһǷ³ǣڣ³ǵĿƼȻԸһ¥
ôҴȥ֪϶ǶԷԼϼȻû˵ܿó˶£ȻԺúô
ڣֻʣϼδǸɲһϼжǰ߸ϵ̬һ뵽ĻСһ㣬촽ֱӡ촽оһҲֽϼһɽ塣
ҪƬ̣ϼͬһϣ˵⻰ٸܵϼͻȣֻоһԭʼıͬһһȼֱӷϼѹ¡
峿ԼڿĳҵУĴŻ˯ϼȻսϼڶûл
ʵӦѾѴ֮뵽ҹķҲǲЦЦ
ûгϼ˴˳ȥǲ˵Ҳ̶֪ʱܽģϼνǹû֮ҲúϢ
⣬Ȼרŵ˵Ⱥ򣬿æǰ
ЩϼģĻ˵ôչɻиߵ֣֮䲻ڵģΪ쵼ߣǾҪרŵȨƹˣϣιˣԳҲҪУҪнֹֻſԡ
ЩȻкܶ඼Ǵûм˵еĳǱֵļΪ𾴡
ЩҲûвͣЩ˺ܶͺܿ죬ϴԡԷȵϴһ裬Ȼһʮֲͺ󣬲Űпһֲ۹Ž˶ȨȨ֮󣬵ȷˬ
ڶ塢󡢶ƷǶиԵǸæģ˿ʱ仹磬Ͷһ뿪ǱȻûϼԼŵĳ棬ȻֵһʱضһˣҲʵ᲻ʲôȤ
Գ˳Ǳǣ˿̳Ǳڵɽ£һƬʮֹĳԶǵĳǷǽڳǽ֮⣬ȻҰˣҲֱ޽һЩСľۼһһ飬ҲΪǵ˿Եʣǵ˿ڣҲҪͻʮ
˵ΧһЩС;ۼأ͹˳ǣʨǱߵ˿ھ͸ˣҪ˵סȻҪһЩ
峿еҲʼһĹ˺ܶһЩ̿ţѱĹľϣ˸ֻַǷһЩСװ׼ԡ
һƬڽ췿ݵĹؿڼʦָ£һֹŹ֭ҺɰʯǿճԣɫԲݣֽ췽еԭʼǺڲҪֽˮ࣬ʮּ̣һַǳõĿٽסİ취Ҳķ֮һ
ʱһӴͳһʿװŶܹһʣ֪Щ³ǷóղܹȥЩʿֻͨһߣûоѵˣ⵹ʮֺ档
ȥ
ʵҪһѵĳǷ˵ûκѣܿ죬Ǿʹﵽ˿ǽһƬ
Ǿӻ򳡰С滮ʮֹӪѵָⷿӦоУﱻ˿Χſкǹʵľɾͻ˽ȥ
ոܻĳǷʿ˿ϢƬֿ̣ʼѵʱһٵ𣬿ԿӪﲼһЩɫʾƴ˿̶
еϮڼᣬս׼һָӹٴ˿̴»ѵĳǷ̿ʼװⱼܹȥ
ǰǷˣֻжʮȥͬ˻ҪһЩΪʵԭ򣬸ֵڶûоѡ
˭֪磬ζʲô˵ζһУûоѵĸ֣ȻǾԸĹȥ
ȥһʱֲ֪ԼôȥģΨһ˵ǣļ˻ڣȻֻĸ׺һá


ڶһʮ Ͼ
ȥܶۼأ̫ͳߣеʵūͳβ˵˿еʵ㣬ڶʱھͱ﹥ƣʬҰǸʱѾΪԼͼ˺ܿͻһΣһȺǿľ߽ǣǴǵĳʱ֪ЩǿľһطǾǡ
ǣѾеá
˵ֻҪǣôͿԹϺҪĹҹϮֻҪŬʳʣ·̸̫ǣҲ֪ǵĺãһ֣Ǿǳ
˵һ֡
Щпŵǳ֮󣬸ֵһʱΪ涼ûмĳĳߡ
ܶʱ򣬸ֶΪܶĿ꣬ʵǡʨУɳݶ˲
֮󣬸ֲſʲôľۼأĹɾľۼأЦݵǣʱֲ¿һ˿ϣһжѣȼ˶Ϊĸ׺ùĸãܶ๤ֱǷУǱ㲻ǾߣҲӦĶˣΪ֪ҪйӲʵȥһֱǰ˱ôһ⣬ҪǣϣΪԼżˣԸֲμѡΡ
ͨ˲ԣΪһǷսʿ
ʱ򣬸ֲ֪ѾӵһּͨˣҲԲٿصսף˵¿ƼƷԪƼƼǿս
֪𣿾ΪǲŻղǾߵǣΪ㲻ǾߣҲȥսҲԼϧһСǵһβμѵָӹٳŸֵһ±Ļ
֮Ǽѵÿ컹ĸСʱϵĴս׵ѵս׵ȷǳǿ󣬴ֻ֮ҪԪΪͿսγǿս
ֺʹ±ս׺󶼶սڴ
պ죬Ƿ˺ɫ䵱Уֺսһ𣬿ٳװ⣬Ȼڹ̶λãýսס
ЩսΪªǸеĶһ٣Ԫ̽ʮ״ھǹһװٷӵĵУɵսͲɱԪĻ
ЩװͨľҲȫ룬սȴǿڱһԪװãԲԪṩ
װ󣬸ٶȼĳ˳ȥԱȼʻҪ죬һģгս׵սʿ
˿Զ˹̳ϣͿ¡¡𶯣˵ǰдĲӿ
Ҳ̽ϵͳģڵ˾뻹ʮʱͷ˵飬˽ս״̬ȵǷȷĿΣճ̶ȣǰȫǾľť
Ƕ˾
˵ٶȷǳ죬˿ѾƽǣڴԵľСӶûԶ˿ȫ˻ǷѾǳ˳ȥش
ʮֽţִһСļû뵽սô죬ֻԼûʸμսǴս׺󣬸ġ
ͬվһսҲһ
˿ǰĵѾ֮⣬ѾĿˡ
һȺԳ򣬷Ҳɻɳ죬𶯵ľЩȫɢԪףսԪƥҪߴǿ׳ƥϵʿҲһִδ壬е࣬١ԼƤЩ죬ҪǣЩϲֵĵطȻһļ
ĸ䡣
ȻɣЩǿ֮⣬滹׵Ĳ೤ԴľͺգĶ壬һЩŻۣĳֶƯڿеĶ壬ȻЩųۣһħʦҪ
һģһɹǿԪѹ˵վ׼ǵĳǷǳڵҲֲܸܵϢ
ſڵĳǷٴӣսʿѾİ֮⣬гǧսʿǽҲսʿͻǹѾǾλٲȻһսǰĽա
ڣЩĶͣ˰ңһۿȥӵĳȳһȫͲЩĶѵأȻûκζʱЩĶ߳һȫɽɫװƥһŽɫףŰɫ磬ǻĵĶ塣
һǵλߣ׵һΧʿΧ
ʱ򣬽ʿɨһǰǣ˻֣һ˿ٿԿó˲Ķ壬һʵ࣬ԼĪʮ꣬һ۾ǽƻ֮ɫĶ֮󣬸¶һеı顣
Ķ˺˵˼䣬̹ĵ˵ͷȻȡһſƬȻʼ
һſƬǿĸƬ
ţԵԪԪ۹ľţһλ׵ʿԪ۹һȾʿŴˣʿ̫ǰͶԪ۹ǿԪ۹ʿŻ̽ǵĳУɱˣǸ˵ܴ󣬼Դǡ
ڳǱϼˣúټԱ׼ӭУüͷһ壬ȴߵĸʵǷ׼𣿡
ǣǧǷѾȫ𵽳ǽߣİսʿҲһŮԣ˿ͷ𣬴źɫװһĸ
ܺãأϼʡ
һΣŮ㶣ȴǵ糿˵Ҫȥߣκ˸ţ͵͵ɳȥˣҲܿˡ
֪ˣϼҡҡͷ֪Ը֪ʵﻹû˭ܸ
ȥεĵʲôͷ
ԳԪ۹ٰǧһǧһЩвӣҡ˵Щ鱨ȴгѡӱΪϼĸ٣һӹɡ
ʵأ
ǿʵĶԪԪĳˣԪļԪ弶Ĵڡ˵Ůһ˿ǡ
ϼҲһ㶣̷Ը֪ͨʨǵĶԮһεĵ˷ǳǿ̻ǰ
ǣŮ˵ȥš


ڶһʮ ˵
ǽϣϼǰĵҲЩͷƤ飬ɲǹ﹥ǣû֯ͳģֻᰴձ£ЩͬΣճ̶ȣҪڹ֮ϡʵԪʧԺʨǡ³ǺҲܵɧţһЩС۲ͿɶԸȥһȻһӴҪǣԷӣ϶һĵ۹ӦһΣϼʱûʲô÷ӡ
ʵȻԶԱʮϵľսʿսϼ֪ѵضʵǿĵˣûκơ
Ͷ϶ᣬֻʱ䣬һսֻܿ
סǲκʽ̸кģֻҪһǾǵĵ̺ͳǳأг׵ĳ޵еԪ۹ɨƽǡԷǸǡ顯һŵĺ
Ƭ̣ûκλӦ
ʱǸĽʿȻ¶ͷı飬˵˼仰Ǹ顯̵ͷȻȻǻԥôǾɱǰЩʿ֪Ԫ۹ʿŵǿ󡣡
˵꣬Χгһǧʿˢһ£γǵһֳȴﵽһҵʮֳìʮ״ĽУǷޱȵļ̣Գ̣ҲԿɱȻƻʮ㣬СЩȻԵֻ裬ʵ
ϵҲǷǿ˿̸ɢһԪΣɲΪ˺ÿǿԶʱǿķ
һǧʿУȻųţÿγһƴ档
ǵĳǷҲս׼ӵţѹǰսʿǵһߣ˶һأ׼ս
ǽϵָӹ֪ԷһǧľʵȫԪмͷԪļʵ
һǧط꣬ļǧǷֵܵ
Էڰ֮⣬ںͷ䵼ȫ߶ֵļж󣿡ϼʱͻȻʵ
ǲ㣬ֻаٷ֮ʮļʿɱԷ߳ɵıʵԪļĵˣǵǾ޷ʲô˺ˣ⣬Էϵ׾Ԫ̽⣬Ի㼯ΪǿԪǳǿǵõͻǹͨڵ˺ǡһָӹɫص˵˼ԣǧǷѵֵһǧʿĳ档
սԱеľߣڰСʱȫᣬ׼͵˾һսϼܿ˾ϡ
Ȼ֪ǿ϶ǲͶģֻսսԱرǿʱҪִеķҲнǵҪǩһԼǾǵٳ沿޷սʤĶʱǵЭս
ǿƵģһ˭Υ
ϼһε̫ǿҲˣϼ֪ǱķҲδֵܵһ˵ĽҲΪԪ۹ʵ̫ǿԪȼҪܶ࣬ǵԪļûмԷʮԷԪ弶ĸ֣һûУϼҲ£Ϊ
һǧԪ˿Ѿ׼ǵϿӡԪħƴ˿ɢâγǿķǵҲɢĹâֲǣһƯڿеĶħʦ˼ſƬȻǽһǧԪһȦ
Ƿǳ߼ĸʥףЩսһμǿһ̣ԷָӹٻӶһָǧԪ㿪ʼ档
ǹڣߵָӹҲ
ʮŴںȻ䣬ڵ̺Щϣ˾ֵ鷢ˣڵȷǳǿԽ䵹Щûϵ׺ܺõĵֵڵĳͱը
սʿĴھػǹȻͬһ㷢䣬ӵ޷˺Է
̶̼ӣѾǵ˳Ƿǰִ˿̴ţûǹǿ׻ɱԪƤӵȴ䲻Щס
ִ˿Ѿ֮ǰļ˾֣о˫ȶڲǰʱ򣬸ֻǺˡ
սʿ˿ҲһЩǰ˵Ĳһúܶ˻ѷʱĳһʱ䣬
ǰʿֻвףһͿĴ̴Է塣
ͻȻһɵɫԪͻȻһǧȫڣ˲ʱЩĳ˲ͬëһƮƮģһȻƮûгӣԭëһͻȻַ·شǧͬһ˫˫֣һǧ˴һݺݵѹڵϣŽҽ˻ڶ
˶ˣȻ˭֪ʲô飬ܿ죬ǷڳǷͷ֪ʲôʱƯһˣ˴ͨ·ΧȻһͬһӰ󣬳֮⣬˵ļϣȻſһɫСǸ߸ϵ̬ƺԪ۹ϣȥһۡ
˺󣡡˷һȻ󻺻£վ˳Ƿǰ棬Щͬһŵȥͬʲôһ㡣
ǽϲ֪˭һ䣬ߵ˶˼УΪϳˣͻȻֵ˾ǵĳ
ϼҲ˿֪϶ԻһΣԴʮġ
߻裬ԭʿ̸֮߰Ԫ۹ǱߣһֵĶͻȻֵ
ǸʿΧƵߣֿϵİķ̷Ӧ˹
æȻ߼һʮʽĹڡ
Ԫ۹һȾʿţΰʦԾ⣡
ղǸҫ຺鿴ƽʱ۸ڶȻޱȵĲŴ˾ȻͻȻ˹֪Է򵥣ҲǼæһͬģеԪ۹ʿ
Ȼǽʦǰܶڿķʱ򣬶ΪʦֻһΣǹˣ˵ţԼΪʦҲǳ顣
Ԫ۹ȷʮǿҲ˵ԪԪ۹Ǻͽܵ۹һǿۺϹϻҪǿڽܵ۹һľӣԪͳԪļǶʮԪ弶ѹһţһǸղͷųħĶħʦò˵ǵʵǷǳǿԼڣڵķֵܵԼڣԼҲչˣ󼴱ûбƣҲǧٿףⲻ档


ڶһʮ о
뵽һӣʦݣһΣ
ڿЧղʩչҲһǵڶʮơڶʱڿһƬڵһҲոģһӻһǧĳ档
һ㣬Ԫ۹˶ʦŲˡ
Ԫ۹ˣҲ˵ʲô˵Ķ˷鷳ʦرԸĴڣ˵ֱ׵㣬ǾԸŹ֣ţǶԴԪᣬҪ˵Ҳֱ
Դ˿ģ߿ʦ̬˵ʽ۽ԼǰһȾʿţĲ£˻ȥԶ׼̤һƬ򣬷Ҳ⵽նǵĹ̸һ̸
նԪ۹׶Ȼһ仰ǿİǳв˼˵㲻Ҿֱɱնǣ⻰һȾʿɫʱһףȻЩԸǼæǣˣΪ˶ʦ˱ʾǸ⣬ԸһǧƥԪսʦԪ۹ʮ𾴣
˵꣬ⲣžʿһԸһȻһǧƥȻͽȥ
û˵Ƥû̧ȻĬˣǲžʿЩ˵λʦֻҪʦôһǧƥսʲôžʿҲԼһЩˣûиһƬ˭ûɴ
Ҳһ񣬼æˣܿ죬Ԫ۹ľӾԭ·ߣӦһ֪Է뿪˿
ȵͷſǧǷͳǽϵʿѻȸȻղһĻˡ
ִ˿̿ǰͬ˰ĳ඼Ҫһ
̫ˣȻһü仰ͽЩǿߣöԷһǧƥս£ֻг
һ̣ȻԶӡЩʿҶĳݣҲӼᶨ

һ˵ֵӵӢ¼ܿʹǣΪϾʱȵĻ⣬еֹ۵ΪֻҪڣôǾһܱƵĳǳء
ʵ
ȻǣһԼ൱ۼۺʵǼʨǺ³ǣȲһԪ۹鷳ֻԼӵгǿʵһǲܹܿģսһ飬Ķ̰塣
ӦԵķӣԪԪȼͼ￴ʵǿԱģֻҪضԪƷұǴﵽԪļĸֲ졣
ھһĻۣǡʨﶼҪʱ򣬿ǧֱӽԪ
ҪԪļͱȥԪؾˡ
֪ԪؾҲǷֵȼģҲؾ²ؾԪļвؾԪ弶ϲؾǿԪ
ҪԪǾͼΪˣͼҲûпķԪϣڵ˵ЩңԶῴ翵δֻڣΪڶղס̸ֺ
ԪؾķһͨضĴͿһͨһʱʹ㲼ÿԽԪؾĴֻǸʱ޶Ľ˼ƻ֮߳Ǻ
֪ټˣԪؾĴϲá
뵽źɫϵ߳ҵãΪֻ֪Ǹľλá
ɫٶȼ죬һСʱѾõǸλã뵱ۼطǳۼҲһӵ˵ľۼأΪۼصĵλ÷ǳãܵǿȺвҲһƬ١
·ۼأûȥѾϼ֪ۼǽϴǿƣڴԼǰϴ˲С鷳ȻǱһľ߸Ȩϼȥһæýϴƿۼء
ڵۼأҲʨǵĹϽΧڣΪλòΧأѾũΪʨܱһء
˵Ĵ󣬾λԱԼʮĵط
ΧȻҲѳΪũڣԿһƬƬɫֲһСɽϣɽʯɣȥΧĵʮֲԵʮͻأ˿ʮһЩʯͷϢ
ɫĳ֣ʵЩ˸һ̱֮ЩȻǵĳʨǵĵһίԱǼѡ
һʲ֪ЩۼأרŸһƬũ
ЩũȫкüǾߣһЩ͵һūͣȻҪҰֵأҪһЩģǰΧڵũѲӼȦ֮ǰͻصۼأϾҰĹû¸ɣũƻ
Ǵλãô˿˽¿˿ȻָһһѰɫʯеһʯ̨˵
æ߹ȥȻ˵Ǹʯ̨ŸӵӡǣȻǿеİΪһʦһ۾ͿԿʯ̨Ĳ
²Ԫؾһ󣬶ҽǸо͸˿̿һЩͬ
Ҫоһ£֪ԼҪ೤ʱ䣬ŤͷõҪо󣬿ܻỨʱ䣬һǻ³ǣ
˵ʵϣһϢʱ򣬾ͿһЩȤˣúεȱѩ̾ͿͼûоֻܾǺһ죬ûнֻȻȥ֪ģ³ǱߵҲкܶ࣬һν˿ֱӳǵϵͳ״ɹǾͿԿǼųΪá
һҲ˵ǵ飬ȻҲǵļֵͷϳһ۾Թ۲սƿǲԶġ
ʱȫͶ뵽оУΪˣһ俨ͷֹ˴š
Ϊ˲Ҳڿ棬ʮũͽ㱨ȥ֮ǹʮ׿⣬ȻǲҴλ顣
˰Сʱ۵糸һ㿪˹ͣʯͷɽ£ӳˣһϵʯͷϡ
ڿ̧ͷһϳۼصĽϴ󣬶ǽϴҲϵõģҲ֪ѾŮˣȻǼΪ


ڶһʮ Ǳ
ϴĶأʮּн죬ȻǶҲƿۼأ֮鷳ʱʨǵջۼأʱۿǼǵúͶ·ҪʨԮʱûκľɽ̷һٰʮת䣬ʨǵίԱӼõʱĽܳ
֪֮ԭѾʨǵĵһίԱһӵһǡ
ýΪпҲѣͷһȺ˳ͻôĶ֪
ǵʱԼһ£ύ֣Բ˽졣
ۼأ˿ѾҪͻ򣬶ۼػõʨǺǵİӵΪǿڡػǹнףΪˣ˽ĻԻͣûΪλҲԻͣȨ֮δؾˡ
ԴĽֻ֪ҪһȣôȨͲʧҿ϶һ¥
ϴо󷨣ܼ㣡ÿ۹ҲǹǰһЩ䣬ۼأһμ棬ûҲܺĺýҶϺۡ
ѣҲûпǽһҲǺǺһЦѾ֪óŮˣ뿪£ǾľչˣԺùϵܲ
ûϵϴ󵱳ۼصķһţϴʱʱȥסס˵꣬룬ǽԼ´ϰˣפʯͷɽΧĻ˵סһЩҰ
ҹҰĹȷܶ࣬Ҳûоܾò˵ۺֻܴǵ˼Сʱ̸ǣȻɽ£Ͻȥš
ʱĺܿ죬ҹ֮Ŵӿ߳
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⴫İѾо߳ɣټɣҪ֪棬һ뿪Ǿ鷳ˣǺЦȻһʱջ񲻴á
ÿһЦȴͻȻʵҪ뿪ˣ᲻ȥ³ң
õԸǰɲ˵ֻֻԴĹϵԸҲԣǾǺϼһǰһģͣǰǾһСŮ̬ϼˣҲˣϸ˵úӴʱûϼֳӣȫŮһ
ϸ˵ȫеŮ˲ŻʳĻظܵĺǣҲȥ㡣
Ȼ˵仰պΣȴһҸȻͷԼؿڡ
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ܵϵζǳȻĽӵڻȴǵ컬ҲǷֶˣҿɲģֻҪҲŻ
һ⻰ͬһͬĻ˵ͬ׹һ㣬Ӷ˼ˣҲΪ
ʱò¹µľգһͷ̧õ°ͣȻȥ
˲䣬˾ûһǵУʵȻԲɽ½ЩսʿѾǵĻ߽ͷУ˵Ӱ˲ʧ١
һҹעǼ֮ҹ
ڶ磬÷³ǣ¶벻ãϻȥǺͽۼһ󣬼о
ΪоԼҪΪʦˡ
ԪȼһʦҪһ֮ǰʦֻһţͱһ㴰ֽһоҪɹĿżΪʦ
һΪʦǾ൱ˣڵԪһʦǸ󶥼ҪֺõĴڡ
Ϊ˳ʦһʮ죬ʮǳɹͻƵʦ
ʦõĿҪȶǿ֮⣬ԲáԪħ󡯣ǿԼԪĿһɣûоѵӿٶȳ֮⣬ھԪħеֲҲͼӳ˷֮ЧԼӿֲĳٶȡ
˦󿨣󿨷˷׺ͣ£ȻγһԪۼ
Сʯͷɽ£һսʿҲһĻ󿨴ѤԪβɳȻ󣬵Ǿ͸оһƬԪŨﲥֵĹҲһֱ֦ͦɣƺǾࡣ
ղŷɳȥʲôƺһԪ󷨣ֱǲ˼飡һ¶֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ʲôȥ൱Ҳ֪Сɽϵ˭𣿡СӵĶӳһǿ׳ߴ˿˵
ֻϽȥˣҶԷκҪ󣬶ҪɣûнԷ͸¶ȥԺܶ˶Щ棬ʲôˣȻۼƹĽϴӡ
ӳ֪ʲôˣֵ˵˵ҿϴƺӶԷѵϴ£ˣһľߺ
ҵȻ֪ϴɲӺ£ô򵥣ΪˣԾϴˣӳƺθڣȴǱΧһ׷ʹΣӳŵˣǣǧˣˣʨǵһλίԱҲǵĳ

Χľսʿ˫۷Ź⣬ĴѾڼۼ֮䴫ˣ֪ж˽żĿ꣬ۼص֪λ߾ۼģΪۼص԰Ҳ֪ۼصĽϴ󣬾һģ¼Ƕ꣬һ˻ΧʨǺǵİ޳沢³ǣУѾΰ˵ĵز
ӳ˵⼸ػ߼ޱȣǻҪﻹЩۣ֪ŵ֮ǾΪξȥ˵ҲĽʹıǮ
˵ɹʦû뿪ȡʦĿƬʼΪʦһֶԪĳǿһָоһɸооҲҪռƿ
ֶȹ˶ʮ졣


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶һ
ֱʮֳΧ俨ͷһµǱޣ˵ңɾҲ൱󣬻ʮѾ˴룬һЩͨĸ߼ҲһЩ˵Ԫʥ룬ΪʦҲ£ֻҪΪʦٿʦһЩС֮ڴ֮ǰȽԪؾĴúá
Сʯɽ֮Щ߸߽˵ԼȻȥˣȻϺɫ磬ٷǡ
һҪǽλþѡڳǱɽɽִýɽ֮ϣͬǵ粨źһԽߵĵطźžԽãҲһĵ
λ֮⣬Ҫһ󣬻Ҫѡ촫ĲϣѡõĲкܶ࣬صָӵĴͷģΪô󱣴ϳʱ䣬һЩ͸ʴĲϣĴ󣬴ʯͷϿӡɵģһδõĲǸ̵Ԫ
ǱɽоһԪÿ춼ԿɳԪӵһǰͷԸϼ˼ֱ׵̺͸߶ҵ
̷ڵϣȻٻֻԪЩ߳ϵǳǿ׳ǰҪ󣬽̺ڷŵӦλá
˶ʮȺʼô
ʦѾԲôˣԲϿӡģΧЩεϣ˷ģȻȡ󿨣һǳɣһ
˵Ԫһɹââɣ
ϼʮȺ򣬿߳Щԡ
󲼺ˣϼʵԿһϲͨȻʲô
ǺһЦԣһʨǺ³ǲͬĴۼҲһһǾͿͨڸ֮䴫ͣÿһ󣬶ҪԪҪ͵Խ࣬ҪԪԽ࣬ȻҲԴ͵²ԪؾԵǵԪһٲ㣬ͿԪļ㵽ʱ塢úһ£ѡԪľ߽ԪؾǱӵ㹻Ԫļֻ֣ܲūۣʱһʱȥһˣϤ֮ҪֻԼ֯ȥˣҲÿζǡ
ԽԪļ˶һԾԾԵı飬ʱ䣬ʨǡ³Ǻۼظһ󣬶ʱϼѾǴӼѡһԪľߣЩ˵ʵǿģҾҳϡ
Укܶ඼Ϥˣ塢Ʒɡա飬üսϼҲȥЩм˵һӣԶˣһѡģһҪȥԪߣʮ
ͨȫ͵ɽôһˣҲЩͷ󣬲֪ʮˣʱֲУҲûж٣һ˾࣬ҲԴɽֻҪԪļĿƼԪںϵĽ죬Լ֮
Ҫôʮ˰Լ͵²Ԫؾ㣬ȻҪѰǧԪÿһ˶ҪԪ
ҲһʲƵĿԪӵǵʲôҲܳ𣬲뵽ҪԪÿ˱ǧԪãֻоһͷƤ飬ǺʨǶԪ˰յߣԪҲϰ򣬵ҪԪļ裬ҲҪѲСĿ
һԪϼǳڲһǲֵģ֪ҪνԪȻÿһζҪǧԪŮԶɫ԰ףһƽʱҲʡԼõһҪѲ֪ԪȻۡ
ԪļļֵҲǼ󣬲ܻѶ٣ҪͳһԪļĸֳ
˷ֲδ͵²Ԫؾ˿ǸɽеĴû˷֣ﲼ÷俨һ˭ٽ롣
֮⣬˶ǵһԪؾһ棬ֱԪ·ϸǹԪ󡢶ƷɰϼǶԪеٮٮߣҪͨԪӦòѣ㲻һξ͵ǵһٲ㣬ڶλߵþͿԳɹ
·ǻһȺǿҪԪԪؾп˵˾ռߣΪܵõԪǧԪõһ;
ȵѹԵֶνȺǿɱ˳ɣֻ¼˶ȥ֮²Ԫؾбû˭˵鷳
ʵ²ԪؾѾǿѹһУͬİһ
뵽ЦһԼʱ䣬Ȼȥϣװǰɱ
ϼѾȫԪԵǵһٲ㣬Ҳ֪˽ɵȡ
ԪؾΪϡС㣬²ԪؾǽԪļҪԪ弶ͱҪвԪؾ
νвԪؾԪЩõ鱨
ԪؾʵͨģԪؾʵһӾ޴ġ㣬ҪвԪؾͬҪͨԪǵвԪؾ
ֻ·һ·ҲҪ֧ԪֻҪǴﵽԪļĶѡ롣
ԥĸͨ״ĽһֱϣҲ֪˶ãǿ˳ڡ
ɢŹȥһԼȻǵǵвԪؾ
²Ԫؾһͬһ磬²ԪؾԼĽ¡
ͷ棬ڴһߵʯͷʮ׸ߣԵʮƾɣΧһƬƽԭߵڶԶɽԶĵطͬһʯֱʣȻвԪؾԪ
ʱ򣬼ͻȻӿмȻ󼸸Ӱ֣䵽ܣΧס
ˣԪļ϶ЦݣҪôһɱֳȻǿɡ
ģһвԪؾɣһףͷ߳˳ߵ˵̹´ò˵ܲһ۾Ϳָϵ䡣
˷ֱܵУȻ֪һץһ㣬ͬȻҲָϵ䡣
⿨䲻ңȻͿԹˣܾĻֻ·һһŵ˺ۣ촽˵
壬Ѿ̲סҪˣʱȶˡ
ԼԪļǿ˵ûУԸǿõķԱƱһֱ߶δ֣ͼǰһԪļǿȫ촦δ˺塣


ڶٶʮһ Ԫ弶
һ΢紵ֳŨѪɢ٣ɴ̱ǣ߲ȱʬɢʮ׷ΧڣѪ顢ࡣ
վԭأһʼûƶһδֹôʮֽʡҲҪжĶһҲⳡЩѪˣΪ֮
Ϊĸ֪֪ΧвڿԼСʯӦǽвԪؾΨһڴ϶ǸոսֱȽ٣Ժܶ˽Ŀⶢ
ȻˣǽѪȵһĻеĿ֪Լϣһ㾡ɽʱ䲻˷ѡ
һȡһһīɫֲƤĵؾ˳ؾģǼһթ֮ɫ󻹱һƤʱϴƤףﾹȻһС
ؾ֮󣬳һȻզզĽֽ쳣ĴʬмʰõƷ翨䣬翨һЩмֵĶ
һ˵κмֵĶӲСؾ۾Ҳһֻͨٻ
ǵʮĺѰؾһûʲôȴǿ԰ѰҺռūͣҪǣӵһԿٵĶУΣտԺܿѣԪ弶Ԫĸ֣ʱЩСؾûʲô취
ƤǿɸƷܶѧͽʦϲæռƷЧʷǳߡ
ܿ죬ѰؾͽʬмֵĶʰȻĨɾߴߴĽպãȻһϹͷ··ˮһ뵽У˲ʧ١
̴߶ߣԶԪ˹ȥ
뿪һЩΧ뿪ǵо󲿷ֶ⣬ֶסˣȻǲٶԶԷʲô뷨ǵвǼʶ֮ϳѰؾ
ѰؾţƵūֻͣܽЩһٻ
˼˵Ǹ˺ܿһѧͽһʦ
Ժܴ󣬾ֻѧͽҲԲܵģ˭֪Щǿֲʦǻ̵ļһһѧͽҲǵǱʦˣǲ𣡡
ĶԻܶ˵𣬵ȻҲһЩͷѧͽΪȻĺݽɫ
ղǸ˲ʦ˵СʦԪ弶һֻܿѧͽλѧͽһ벻ĺöǺпʵȻһٵǵһٲ㣬ΪҪԪ弶֣
ûȻѧͽǣǵʵҲδػǣвԪؾԪʥãǸɵñ֪ʦҲ֪µ֣ҾãӦöֻ֣ҪΪԪ弶ڵԪ磬ҲǶ֮ˣһ˵ǵʱ򲻵УֻҪ˵ǵѧͽҲҰҪ֪ͼߵ۹վŵĿǻƽһ壡
˵ĶԣλǾ׷Ϸ򣡡
ߣ
мʵԪļ˿̸ʽֶηж׷ȥ
ߵٶȺܿ죬²ԭɽͺȥһĿ꼫ΪȷǾֱӽԪвԪؾʵҪ˵ʵԪ弶ĳ̶ˣ뿴ԼĿǰʵҪвؾԪҪѶ೤ʱ䡣
һͲԼ˸棬Ҳ˷ʱ䣬Ǽӿٶȣ˭ϺҲȻҲٶȣҪԪһƬĸ׷ˡ
ĸһֹŹֵķһͳ׵׵ë̺׹⣬·׵ѹɵëһ㣬ٶȷǳ죬Լúɫ磬ǹķٶȣҲȲ׵
ĸԲˣʮƣԼ֮ǰѾΪ̵ֶɱ˼ǿչ¶ԼѧͽݣӦǿסҪԼֵˣû뵽Ȼ˲а
⵹ԴвԪؾУӦöǰԪļȻԪļ׵ѹɱսеõơ
Ȼܲ˷ʱ䣬ԷȻѾˣҲ壬ٴһĸ׵ϵ壬ЩƤܰףͷǽɫϵ쳣˫ⳤһʵأԼȨȣʵԪļȻǱһԪļҪࡣ
ɲĶ֡
ڿУĸ˴ʲô
㣬佻ɣûϴָϵӦǴ˵е䣬˵ԿйϵһѶǻһЩ˿̣һֻ׵ϵЦ˵ȫ
⻰ʵЩЦˡ
ЦΪΪѧͽǲҽǰɣ㣬ѧͽͼߵ۹һʦͼߵ۹Ӵ˾ɱһѧͽʦҲǵ鷳ƺΪ˴ֻĲףһ˵Ǹ߰
ͼߵ۹ΣЦݣ΢΢һ㶡
֪ͼߵ۹˵ڵԪΪжǿ󣬶Ϊͼߵ۹˵͵ڶԪĻƽһйϵ
˵һǿĵ۹ͼߵ۹ʱͼߵ۹ϷԵתһԵڶԪĻƽһֽ֣ѵǸͼߵ۹ЩӴ֮ͼߵ۹Ϊ˵ԪһȻĴڣ˵ǣΪǳʦҪֲĻƽһ塣
Щͼпģֻͼߵ۹ѹһ˳ɳûɶ¡
ǵԪˣԶͼߵ۹ûκξ£ңҪ˵ƽһ壬˿ڻһ˿ƽһѪԸǲ¡
ϧĸͼߵ۹˲ǿӣΪԷǺˣ˷ܲѡ
ѿǰɣҲԼãӣأ׷ݿѰҵһѺҪӣǾɱйصˡһʼ˵Ǹôˡ
صһЦȡһŴϢĿƬƬֻһֻ۾ƺԿһС
һ̣ʩչƬȻǸоһֵĲԼԴָоΪŹ֣ƺ⼸ļ䣬Էһ顣
ܿ죬ǸعһЦĿƬһŹâڿͶһЩͼϼһļ䡣


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶
ԭǵԪϣҲûʲô˲ġ
׷ݿʾŮ˺ϵ϶һɣһǣĺܲӦҲйϵ㲻£ͽ䣬ȻɱӣǾͻȥ׷ɱЩˣŮˣһҲֻߣǻūǣȡᣬԼŰ죡һʼ˵Ǹͼߵ۹һԶӡ
ȻǷǰѧͽȻֻԵԪһ࣬иƶ϶Էǲ֪ʲôʺ˳ΪѧͽǸͱԲǿĶȥԾǸɵԷҲ˿⡣
һ̣ĸڿͻȻһ㶣˿̣ɫѾĿ£òص˶һ
ʲô飿ܷŭǰɣʵԪϣֻһ¼Ԫ壬͵ȣū۱ѹȾǽʱҪܵˣǵ˻õһ˿ı䣬վҪЩԸߵԪ壬һǿΪ磬ǿ߾ߵͼߵ۹Ц˵û˵꣬ʹĻ
ȻҾĸǹʺĶһ仰˵ˣȷһǿΪ磬ǿ߾ߵ
δ䣬ʹ߶δչ˹
һΣǶŭˣԷе׷ݿȻԶȡԼļ䣬ҺֻһǰģԼڶԷǰûκܿԣջǶԷȻԼвѾǴĵߣټ϶ԷΪ֣Ͳˡ
ԷƺҲɱһǴһȡһſƬ˦

ĸһǵ׵͸һɵ罬ƬϣȻγһ޴ĺɫ׵򣬽棬˲ߴľ졣
ԭĸͼߵ۹ҲɵӣղɱԪļֵĹǿǿ֪ѧͽʮԸտʼ˵ЩһȷΪ˱öԷɵ£Ϊ׼ʩչһǿͼߵ۹ǳһ˵͡׷ݿһԻƽһ壬ҪʩչҪضķҪǿγɵ罬ĵ߷
Щ׵µ罬ģӦѾﵽȼɱԪ弶۷ĸˣԪһҲˣҲĸ׷ĵ֮һϾûʵڳһͷԷҲԶ䡣
ɫĵһ̺Ȼĸͼߵ۹׵ĺ棬±ǽĵˡ
Щĵ䵽ϣὫʯ飬ľٻ٣䵽ϪУʮ׷ΧϺ
ǸһˣĸʮȷһлУһԪļܻ
ֻһλʧˡ
׻꿨ĹһͷЩ֮⣬û˿ˣȻ֪Էһе˵û׻꿨֪Լɣжĸͼߵ۹Ҳû֮ģԽķν൱͡
δٶȼ죬һ¾ͬ׵һ̴Ȼû뵽ȻûҾȻ˲䱬˿ֲĹ
һ˦ͬ׵ʬһ˳ȥͬʱ޽Ѿǽһɱ
գ֮䣬ɱˡ
ڵʵԪļǰͬһ¾ĴĶ֡
϶ֿٵɱ¾ʣµ˵ӣû뵽ϾȻڳ֮ˣٿڵֶΣû֮Կͷֻһ£Ǿӡ
ΪԪļĸ֣ȻóԷɱԼͬ飬ҪɱԼҲСһ
ʮĬķֿߣ׵һȣ˾ӳȥϰԶ
ȻζԷ뿪ȻѾ֣˫޷ĳУԼ¶ԷЩѾ֪ǵĴڣԱ뽫ΣսͣǾɱڡ
ѡһˣ׷˹ȥͬʱȡһ
һž֮ȭҲõ֮һΪûĸʵԱȵ֮ȭľ֮ȭʦԼѧͽͬɫ֮ȭǲ˵һ֮£κԪļֵܵ
ӳȥ׵廹ûüˣ͸оͷһֲѹϮ̧ͷһһ޴ɫȭѾҵϡ
ꡣ
ѵҽжûü˴׵һ𱻾֮ȭݺݵ˵棬һ̲ࡣ
ʣһŤͷһһѾӳһξ룬ĶԷӵõ׷˹ȥ
ش˿Ѿ˵ӣû뵽ԷǸԪྐྵȻ֮ɱԼͬ顣
ֻһ֣Ǿӡ
Ȼ֪ҪȺۼĵطǾԪ£ֻǽֹ๥ֻҪӵͰȫˣὫȥöԷ֪ɱͼߵ۹˵ĺ
жԷǸǣҲҪȫɱڴ֮ǰԼӵȫش
׵ٶȼ죬Ƭ֮󣬲ѾӽԪѾкܶ˻ֻҪƬ̣ͿԽ밲ȫ
ʱһ޴ɫȭػæ֮׵˱ֱˡ
׵ȴǱҳ⽴
أ
ؽʵʵˤ߱еȻˤ˸ǺԪļʵҲֻһ޹ʹˡ
ͷһͷǸ˹Ȼ׷ˣʶҪߣ֣ԼȻ䵽˰ȫ֮ڣȴ˿
Ĺǲ˽Զ֣ԷȻ׷ĺܿ죬ǱԼӳ죬ǿϲѣûмӣЦŶŴӿµ
Χв˶һĻΧ
ԵԪĻ쵰벻㾹ȻôǼǿˣҲ⣬˴鷳鷳㾹Ȼɱͼߵ۹ˣ군ɣҲطģὫǸƳÿһ˶ɱ֪Լȫ˵Ĳش˿ŭ
ΧһǴһĿⶼ˾ȻҶͼߵ۹˶֣ɱͼߵ۹ˣѵԷ֪ͼߵ۹д˵ǿޱȵĻƽһ
һЩѾⲼӵģһʼͬɥ֮Ȯһ밲ȫſܶ˶ԲΪм˭֪һ׷ɱΪֹˣڰȫǲ๥ģͻܵĹҪ֪ȫԪ弶


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶ģ
˵ûʲôԹΪֹˣ˭ﶯ֣ʱһ׵֣ɢԪѹһԪ弶ĸ֡
֣ظд󶨣֪ԼֻҪ֣ô˭ҽԼƵԴһڶֻΪ˰бӣ˭Ҳ˵ʲôϾԷͼߵ۹ˣͼߵ۹Ͼǿƣ˸ǡ
ڸղ׷ɱⲼصǸˣҲϳղʩչϵҲѧͽʦеȻǲ³ݣ˺ܿһǿѧͽҲֻѧͽŸ׷ɱͼߵ۹ˡ
ѧͽҲҶ֣Ϊһ֣Ժ󶼻ᱻﵱͨҪԪȻҲͲҪٽԪ弶ˡ
ǽ飬ȴ˲ţĿɿڴͼһѧͽȻǶ˵ǰһ䣬ڽĲԴ
Ѫͷɣ
صԴڿ·˾㵵ı飬ȻţԷȻڰȫﶯ֡
һĻһŭ𣬾ͼϵױһˣΧһЩԪļĸִĶᣬһֳֳ̣ìֱ
ͬʱΧ⼸Ҳǿ߿£ղŻкܶ࿴ֵ˴˿̶±ǣæɢӡ
һ֣ȴǰмһſƬֱӳԪ
ˣǱɱɣǲǰȫѹͲᣬļƻܼ򵥣ɱ˲أͼߵ۹Ͳ֪ԼĵϸȻҳԪԪ弶
ȻҲ֪ôһ£ԼԺ󶼲вԪؾˣ˵Ҫֻһλᣬһʧܣ´Լһͻ̱ΧȻôˣҲڣңţһԴԪԪļôһҲһԳɹԪ弶
ֻһ׷ٶ׾ͳ˶Էķ£ȻǿٳԪ·˶Ǽæܣ˵ʵܽԪļҲǸˣҶԸľӢһЩ۹ĻʴǴ˿̣˭
ЦԷȻڰȫһͼߵ۹ֱնɱǾ˼ɣвԪؾʷ϶ûгֹʲôǺˣ̨̺˵ļһֻǷ蹷ǰλŽˣͼߵ۹ĲҲԪļȻû˿ֿͱɱ˵ԷʵҲǿףɵӲŻԷ
Կ˭Ǽæ࣬꼰㣬һλΪԼҪȻնɱǲŽԷɱһɱɱҲɱ˭°
ٶȼ죬ת֮͵Ԫ£Ѿػ˿̳˹
ÿ߶δ֣ͬһ㣬鿪Ԫ弶Ĺ¾ȻǺ޻֮ÿһĻ˶ǰԽңҺûжˡ
̫ˣȻǺ֣˿ıӰǼɵ
˿Ѿһ̤Ԫڡ
ʱֳֽͣŤͷһԪ⣬ѾǾۼ˳ʮһҲԿˣѾǽ뵽ԪЩԪ弶Ȼǲ̤뵽
֪㶼ʲô㴥вԪؾɷӽ쿪ʼ㽫̤вԪؾ׼ԪԶЧһ˿̳ס
һ֣Ԫ弶۷壬쳹вԪؾԪŬʵǵԪļ֣Ҳ
ˣڳ˿صԺҲ޷ĽȴǱֵļΪȻΪӶһ̣뵽
ͬʱڲرɱֳһѰؾ֣õĶ翨ȶȫȡߣȻߴߴ˼һ¡
ʱӦѰؾɹأתͷҲĿʼ
ӦǵһвԪؾ⣬һ˵
ߵͬʵô֪
ܼ򵥣ܽԪļҽ뵽ģ̫࣬󲿷Ƕܼ׷ɱͼߵ۹Ǹģ˵ܿսвԪؾȻ󱻲Щ˶ϣ٣Ȼ֪оʲôȻǰ׳֣ҹ⼸ͬˣΪӵȫͿ԰ǣֻ֪һǶôǿͲƵĶ֣˻ãǸѧͽԸ񣬾Ȼ֪ȫڲ׼ɱ˻ҳ֣ǳҳԪʵ˲𣡡˵˷ͷͷǵͬȴǲֻ˵ͣȻǵһĪΪԪͿԽԪ弶Ҫ֪Ҫɹǵһٲ㣬ٶҪΣʮζУҿΪһʱ嶯ԺҲܽˡ
Ҳδأһʼ˵˿Ц˵ԿһŮԣһʮƯĽŮżףĳҲ죬һ˫۾ͫȴɫɢһԪεɫȥͷ·һ͵ɫһ㡣
ŶɯѵøղǸ˻л𣿡Ůʿߣһͬһͷ𷢣ģ˧壬˫ͬɢŻ⣬ֻ˫ǳɫ档
ӵ£Ҳֻǲ²ѣԷϾһѧͽҲܳΪһѧͽһ֪ôĺȴôˣһôзɵԭ򣬶аգһԵɹԪ弶ɯŮʿ΢΢һЦ¶ա
һԵôܣҡͷ
ôܣѵˣǰһʱ䣬²Ԫؾд¼һԵǵٲԪļɯһЦݡ
£ǹӲ˵ˣȻҲĥ
ڵԪĿ۹ľǹӸҳԱǵڶλλ̳ˣҲ˵ǰһӣӳ⣬Ǻ򲹵λ̳ˡ
£Ǹټ϶ԷѧͽݣĳɾͽʱʩԮ֣Ҳ£һҪİ֣ɯ˵꣬ǹӾ̵ͷ˵ûԺλǷǳؼһͬ˵ģܺͶԷã϶ǻ£ǣһһ㣬Էǵͼߵ۹
λĵһ̳˹ɭӺͼߵ۹ϵܺãΪǻܺͼߵ۹ʲôķչ𣿡


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶壩
ˣӵͷ
˵ѣȻǲܳΪѵģڵ˵̨ǰǲУһӻǶģ͹λĵһ̳˹ɭӣԷĳȻҪࡣ
ߣ˵꣬Ѿ˼ƻǽ㹻ԪȻԪС

вԪ²Ԫûʲôֻ̫εԪѹҪ󣬺ԪԪļʱһҪѣ󲿷˵һεֻܵʮңһЩʵǿĿԵʮҡ
Щ˵ʲô׵ľ͵ǵ˵ʮ㣬ûмϣǿޱȵԪѹԼʵ
һ˵Ԫ˭ܵЩѹúܴ˷÷ǳѣ󲿷ԪļǾϢΪϢǶķԪߣһǵܵǵ㣬ȻƬ˷ϣտͻһϣΪԪ弶֡
ǵԪ󣬶ܽԪ弶ģж٣Ԫ弶ڵԪ磬ѾĸˣĸԪ弶ǿ֮һͬʥأϣװǬݣʥصǿ֣ҲԪ弶ѡʵϣܶԪ弶ֶûУֻһЩԪļ۷ĸ˵ܽ뵽вԪؾԪܳɹһٲ˲࣬²Ԫָûӱȡ
һ·岢࣬ʮ㣬˾͸ˣֲڼ
ûЩˣԼһطʼԪȼ
֮м˵ǵʮ㣬Ǹɯ͹ӣ֮һ֮¶˷֮ɫûǰкڲԶϢ
ԼĪֹһСʱʮͻȻһŨһɹǿϢϮŨУһЩŹֵʮϢˡ
Сģ飬˵ʱżǷǳѲǧʧ˵ԩɵǻṥκʱ˵ʵϺܶ˶֪Щô˵ȫ˵ǸѧͽģȻԷǵһвԪؾô֪ܿܲЩô˵ҲԷһӡ
ȺһԿЩɯ͹ҲǷǳȻĿ˹
ЩÿһԪļ۷ʵҺηͨĹǼûЧһ𹥻ҲиӦɯ˵ͬʱγʿʩչһ׼ΪĽ
ЩﾹȻԿɯ׷Χ֮ڣʿͬһ㣬ǰ滤ܲ͸磬Щȷ൱ǿǱʿˣҲ³Ƶ˿ڻһ֮󣬻ָ
ҪɱĹϵƻԷ壬ܳɹ
ɯ͹ûпֻǽ޽ڵ£ȻȡһſƬݺݵİڵϡ
ʮݴ
˿ƬƬʱһɫĲ˲串ʮԪĵ棬ԭڻɫı棬˿̾ȻⰻȻɢõɫԺ󣬵ϾȻУͻȻݣЩݵٶȼֱ쵽£գ֮ð˳ͬʱݶĻһЩǳϸľֲеͬһ㣬ٽЩ֫ƣԿЩݵԼѣЩﾹȻһȫССϵȫݲƣãЩҪ»޵ЩݾȻԽȫת̬Ҳ޷ѡ
Ƭ֮䣬е鶼ֻܷ˿ֲ˻
ȻһЩߵγɵֺαҪϾɱ˿أγϵ޽Ȼɯ͹ʵǸҽ׽ʱȣʲôĿľֱ˵ɡ
ɯ͹ӶЩΣû뵽ԷȻʶǵĿģƣʱΧ۵Ҳϰ٣ʱ鼱֮£ԷôǵԼˡתһ룬ȴҲپһ㣬ӶԷʩչֶ˹ȻһΪĽɫⲻҪύô
ɯǹӵľʦ˿ͨеĹؼҲʮѵЦЦȻսʣʮŵĶһ
Ŀ۹ʿųɯΰѧͽԾ⣡ȻɯһǳƱˣΰʦȻû⣬ǻû˵ĸѧͽܻ٣ƫƫô˵ˣ˵ȻȻֺ˼
ȻóֽʣԷͼġ
Ŀ۹۹˵Ӧúͽܵ۹Ԫ۹޼ԷѾǰԪ弶Ľ˵Ŀ۹ӦҪǿһЩ
ԪʷƾãкܶǿҲͼжһЩ֪ʶԷԱţҲ֪ҲҪֳһЩЦ
֪Ŀ۹˲Ե޹ԼȻĿģڲ֪ԷҪʲôǰ£õѡǾ䡣
ûоܾͱֳᷳȥӢʮֲʧŮʿų̼λĿ۹ҵڶ̳ˣӣĿ۹ǿߣǹӺͼߵ۹ҲϣǸأͼߵ۹һλĶӣѹǣҺ͹ӶѾǻԹѾãû뵽Ȼ˴ĵ飬ǲػɱҺ͹ҪѧͽѣԺʲô£ֻҪܼ϶ȫԸ
ɯһŮˣֻƭˣֱӽĿ˵Եϡ
ΪˣȻҲɯ˼ڶ̳ˣǾ˵滹һ̳ˣȨᶼǺܼҵģԷǰؼӣҲԼύȻԷλɯ˵ͼߵ۹ĻԹָĪǸһ̳˺ͼߵ۹˽ã
뵽ҲûоܾԺԼƱҪ͵Ԫڶгͻʱһܱȶһ˺á
˵ͷҽǣͼߵ۹лƽһ𣿡
⣬ͺˣǳǱҲǰǱİŮӿ϶ǻƽһ壬ʱһĨһȻصȫڣԺ󱣲׼Է鵽Լµ֣бҪ֪֪ˡ


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶
ǹӺɯһԱϲȻͶԷǴˣǹ̵һȷɣͼߵ۹ȷд˵еĻƽһͼߵ۹ʵȻҲܺĿ۹ԼԪ۹һλж۹ûлƽһ壬ܵ۹Ҫͼߵ۹ҲǺɵġ
Ǽƽһ壿ʡ
£¶Σ˫еĻ涼Щ˼˼¡
ǵûУҸ˵ٹ飬ʱͼߵ۹һλƽһ嵽Ǹʱǲȷ˽ĵλҸƭң˵һȷ
ٹʲôһĲ֪ˣͼﻹûмٹ顣
֪ٹ飿һ£ӺɯһȣȻ˶ô˼һǿҡͷ֪ԷĲ֪ɯƺ뵽ʲôϸһ۵ĪԵԪ磿
һ㣬ûʲôģûҾԵԪ硣
Ӻɯһ㵣Ȼû뵽ǿѧͽһͼԪ磬뵽һǣֲһ޼ɵη壬ѹͼߵ۹ǿͰȫܶһĹ涨֪ǾͲ
жڴ˼֡
Ķܿ˵뷨ЩãȴսߣٹȻܺ棬ҲǷ֪ɡ
ɯ͹УѾ߳ȥʮԶ˵Ӧæ׷ȥ
ǲɵӣԷԵԪ磬Ȼһ㣬˵ʵ֮ǿ˲ĶǵͼԪҲֵýˣ֮ǰķӦҲЩûڡ
ˣղʧҺ͹ԳֿǸ⣡ɯ߼˵ҲǼæͷ
ͣ½ŲŤͷˣɯӦܿ죬æٹɵԪ𣬲μ߶ǵ͵ԪǿҲаٹ飬ÿһΣΪ˻ˣ̺͵λĻ飬һεİٹ֮ʼ˵ʱιϷֵԪĵ̡
⻰Щأٹô;ϹһǿջΪ棬ȻΪԪʧǿʼη档
ԴҲֻЦһǰٹôϷֵԪ磬ôëԣòҪ굽ԼͷϣʱƱػᷢͻ
ϵЦݣӺɯȻûɴ˸¡
ˣһ£вԪؾѾΪﷸһԪһ֣̾ͻᱻΧɯʮ֡ġһ䣬˵ͬʱҪԷʶһûС
ʧûпκα飬ͷ·һԼɵһ
ǽһ仰ȴп
ڲѾԪ𣿶Ҳڶˣֽ˵ûκӰ죬ӣɯųǺڣ˵ֱ꣬ӵ˵ʮһ㣬֪Ӱʧ¥ݿںɯ͹ӲŻع
ɯʲô˼ȻѾһ²⣬ǳʵ
ӵ£ǶĶˣȻһԵǵٲϣɹĳɾ;ԹƵģһκܿܽһ԰ǵѣɯ˵
˿̵ɯӵ𣬱ûٵ飬һһʵǣʮʱѾһˣԪаԪѹҲһ̶ȣѰԪļ
û˿оʵͳͨԪļһԪ弶ĸҲû˿谭ϣһֱ˾ʮ㣬ŸоһЩѹѹҲʮޡ
˿ɯ͹ӿһĻԻĿɿڴΪû˭ɵĵǵʮ㡣
һķˮ롣
ûϢҪһǵٲ㣬ΪԪ弶
ʮŲ㡣
̧ͷһ㣬ʱŸоǿ谭ͬԼڼΪճҺһ޷ҲУȻҪΪԪ弶Բһ׵顣
̼ΪӲǶһɰѹǰһһĿݡ˽ǰϣΧճҺƺѾһʵשǽϣǾײǽ
ҪȥҪƿǽڡ
һΧĿȻžžѿͬһɴ˿ɼεԪѹжôǿ󣬴˿̻һʵõԪļǻֱӱѹ⽴ɼˣĽŲ쳣Ƚ
ûͣЪڶһοͬˮһ㣬Ƹ࣬ƺЩܲסҪƬһ
ͬʱвԪؾԪ£ڶѾۼһڵʧܵĳͿڵȺȻѾ˽Ԫ弶
һֻԪļвԪؾУѾ޵еˣڰȫ˶ʵʵԺε·
ΪʲôôԭҶ֪һʼ֪ˣҲۺľ
ԭӰȫĹ涨ǵһ潫˻ɱֱǳĴɱ߳ҳԪץ˵ġ
ȻѾ֪ԷǵһνвԪؾҲǵһνԪܵǵٲ㣬ƱػᱻֻҪԷһ̾ͻᱻץסΧΧ۵˾ġ
²ؾһһ龵ʯϣҲе˵ĳɼҲǸɱߵλá
ڶԷһԵǵʮʱͣ˾ΪǸ˿϶ٵˣϾһϵʮģѾǲˡ
ֻƬ̣ûеȵԷǿԷΪǿ֮ĩʱȴھֺͲΪԼεУŶԷͣЪĵʮ㣬ȻǾʮŲ㡣
ԭڵİȫһǰţ⻹Ǵδй׳۾۾ֱĶžʯ϶Էλãһ˵ȥԲţȴʵǰ飬һһνвԪˣȻڶʱڣǵ˾ʮŲ㡣
пȴҷһǽʯϵλʾȴŽ
ҲǲһΪǴף飬Ȼ϶Ǻһ𾪣š
Էϵһٲ㣬ǽʷǰ
˵ϵһٲɣһС˵˺һ£ȴû˿
ʱ򣬹ӺɯҲˣͬһĻȻһڴ˷ܡ
ڣʯϵĺһƶһ£˵Ҳᵽɤۡ


ڶٶʮ Ԫ弶ߣ
ˣˣ
ѵܴʷϰٲ㣿
ҾòܣܿǵʧܣǶԵԪľӢҲڵɹôһôܳɹ
⻰˵ˣ˵һѧͽ
ɾѧͽҲûôİ
ʯϵĺƶһЩʵǾܲס尾ʼ̸󲿷ֱʯ壬һԣҪĽǺɵˣ˿Ҳǽȫע档
ڣʧ
˵Ŀ漴˴ʧܣԷĺͻʧȻ
˿̴տҲʮ֮󣬾ɵҲ֪Ǹ˿϶ǵȵ˵һٲ㣬ֻϵ˵һٲ㣬ʯϲŲʾҲڴ
Ȼ֮ǰ뵽ֿܣжǲԸţϾȻˣȻĿһϵһٲ㣬вԪؾѶȾԲ²ԪؾԱġ
ʲôʱԪ弶ȻҲ׾ͻƵģ
εǽȷ֮ǲνʵǸӰȫأɱˣԪ˾Ȼֻһλ͵˰ٲ㣬˰ٲ֮󣬱Ԫ弶ȻǲҪٻصöԷѹûκηӡ
ȻȥˣĿɿڴܿ죬һϲãԼһܲܽԪ弶׬ˣϾʶôһţˣȵ˳ɳԺ˵Ŀ԰ԼȡλһԵɯͬһ֮⣬һ˿һǰ·˭İȾΪĿ۹ųɯԪļѾˣʵȻӹɣսҲʼվԪ弶һ㣬һΣڶνвԪؾεûܵȥ⵱п϶ԭ
ǰɯ֪ԭʲôֻǲϵĥʵϣԼþòܽԭ
ǾԼݣӵǿ̬֪鷳ΪĿҲκԥǳΪǿߵһǱʡ
һΣɯϿԼĲ㣬Դ˿̳˼֮⣬һֳ嶯ģѾԵϰʮ㣬ҪһΣԪ弶
ӵ£ʱĿ۹ˣһҪԪ弶Żȥɯᶨ˵

Ԫһٲ㡣
еѹȻ޴棬Ԫȼǿ˿̣ѾǻʵԪ弶Ԫ弶ͬˣԪļʱ򣬾ͿԽһЩֶնɱԪ弶֣ѾԪ弶ɱֱͬͬףԪоԼɱá
ûиоԼǿһ죬һʦţԼɱ˶ԷҲԲҪˣֻҪϤһͶԷƴƾжûпܡ
У֮õͿ
һεͿǡ׷硯һֽײ򿨣˼壬һſƬ֮ʩչײʱǾͲǿ缲磬Ѹ硣
ȻһܻɱжǱر⡣
һνԪ弶Ԥ֮УֻΨһû뵽ô죬ϼӦû²ԪؾΪԪļŬһԼһԪļмôԼ⼸ǣԲܱ衣
ٲѡ͵Լؾʱ㣬ѡͣһ̾ͳǵĴϡ
ǡʨǡ³ǺۼصĴѾͨѾοƣصȣҲһһûкɫּΪٵķйߣļ֮䣬Ҳٻͨ
ϼЩ㶼ȥˣֻһЩ˹άһʱӦò⡣
뵽ϧϣԷҲһĹߣԳɫ磬ȡ
Ϊ뿪ãԳȲû̫仯óѾȫ׿ſƣֳӷľŮͿ϶ûֶΣҪȻҲᱻһͺѹǸӡ
ȵķȻϧϣĹ͡
һûȥ֪ϧϣѾͷԼ⣬ǾԵ˳Ӻͳݣ˵ʵŮʵûʲôֶΣټϧϣȷƯԼһ̲סͶԷʲôңֻǸоʱ
ԪڵʧһΣУ˵ɯ˵İٹеΣо͸ʤˣ£뷨ӹʵϲߣȷŵһߡ
˿ƯڳϿգɫһô̺ȡ˳
ʱһڿѲߵ鷢˾ͬʱΧ˹
⵱Ȼʶ飬ǿֵľȻǹ
ƹʥ䣬Ǿһ̫ϻʣκͬһ
ܿ죬һȺԼ飬вףϧϣӡŮ
ȻҲ൱˷ܣϧϣƯЦݣһ֮Ҳڿ³֣ȻǱ˭ˡ
Ů˼˭óҲƣȻǲò֣ϧϣȷΪȳ˲ٵҲϣܺһ
ǲ֪п֪Ѿϼãټһϧϣǲ֪ôӦ
ǱؾᣬʼװͿ
˵һΪ˸Ȳôϧϣע̾ͱ˹ȥȻ̫ˣҪ磬Ҳһ׵飬˴ôͺðˡ
һŬһСʱڳϲú˴
ʹ÷֮һͣ˴󣬼ʮҲֻҪһЩԪͿԣʵǱǰࡣ
ϧϣʱ۾һѡսʿսʿһ͵ǣЭǷء
Ȼ֪ڵʵǲǿսʿ϶԰æΪʲôһЩ˹ȥʵҲΪÿһδͶҪԪ崫͵ķҲͣϧϣһ㣬ǾҪǱҲ˽פȣһļ̻ͨҲԷֹҪѵĿԡ
ò˵ϧϣ룬˽ｫ뷨һ˵Ҳ˫޳ɣͬʱϧϣСС;ȻôȨƽֶΡ
ⲻ֪ϧϣͥǸ߸ɼͥкıСĿȾټȻǽЩֶ¯ࡣ


ڶٶʮ ʹ
ºϼáƷɡѾǳɹĽԪļһģһ¡
ȻҪһԪؾȫȻһ͵飬һ£Ӧþͻа˳ɵ˽ɹʱϴӳһ徫񣬾´λԪ۹ӴѹԼҲӦˡ
ϾԪĸ֣ȱȱԪļм
ʱţתһ¹ȥ
Ԫ弶ʵѾȹ̣µõ򿨡ײҲɹϰޱȣײʩչ˶ܻһҫ磬׾뼸գۼһײԶƶף׷̫࣬ҲѸ̫࣬ǶԪЩߣѾԪ弶ԪǴﵽԪ弶۷壬ԺͳԪĸֱȼ磬ʩչҲͬ׷һ˳⡣
ϵĽԼϲѣʮ鿨Ѿ˾ųɣѧͽУֳɼҲҳڶ߼Ҳ˲٣ҪǣѴ󲿷ʱװ汾ߣΪԼūͣڼװߵѾȸտʼǿһࡣ
ߣûд죬Ͼʮĸ߼ʦĿǰҲûһҲоצæôţٸҲûá
մʨǻڳǱϢϼʱƤһӦǿԪԶϮ
ԪѹӦٶԪļ֡
߶ߣ
˿Ͽգ˼Ӱһֻֻ޴ķϵСģԪڵǳϵǶﵽԪļˡ
˿⼸ͷս׵ķǻʵԪļڷϣżʿȻģ࣬ǴͺһЩϸϿܿЩǵԪ塣
ЩԪϣȻ̶ֳܽȵĳǳأҲǲˣ˿̣ϣһģ߰˵ܳٱҪһͷҲΪ˶󣬴žףЩмĶŽµǵ
ǰ˵һǾͳ츽ǣΧһЩСۼأһ޴ޱȵʨǶǹǹϽ൱УѾһˣһüëɫͷëۼףȥһ
Ԫһʲô˲ǵԪǰǾǵ׵ĴڣҪǾͱɣһʼ˵ǲм
ô˵СǰʱԪ۹ûռһֵԪĵ̣ǰ˶ӣĻȥˣ˵Ǳʦıһ˵Ȼ˲鱨
ҲţʦǵԪԪʥõĶôһһԪ۹˱϶ԭ򣬲ǵĹģȷСˣҲΪԸ⣬԰ٹ˲ŻǲμӰٹ飬˭֪ȥμӰٹˣǿҪٴۺͺôֻЩ˵ǻͲˣΪûʸμӡһһȵ̬ҲǺǺһЦȻĻΪͬ
һǸ֮ǰǸǾͬһ㣬Ĳˣ˲ٺһʼһԸڿһʲˣǰһ壬һţʱ򲻳ǲϹ˵ֱ꣬ȡһ￨ƬһֻӴޱȵĲɫ֣;ȻǱ˵ķﻹҪչȾȻʮףڿУͶ¾޴ĺӰ
˭˾޴ķһ
һͱ˵ӣ˲ٺôȻЩ編ơ
ֻûĻҡк͹ݣһ̶ľȺһ뽨У˲֪ôµʱ򣬴治֪ʲôطͻȻð˼öԿյ
Կյٶȼ죬ȾĵҪȽ˻ûзӦôµʱǸոٻթĲɫеһðһŵĻ⣬Ȼ׹ȥ
öԿյǼԪըԪɱҲǿǴȻͺܴģҲֿթ˵ӣϧԪȼҲԪ۷壬һ׼ļ
һڳ˼öԿյ󣬾Աɡ
ðŻĴ׹䵽ⲻ׵򣬽ҳһӣûκζ
Ȼˡ
ϵĿɿڴһ仰˵УַöԿյһεĿȻǼ
ʶ˸ղŵüæܣϧЩзģԶԪ׷٣Ǹոն㵽һ򣬵̱仯׷˹ȥ
ȫûϵЩԶ׷ٵˣǱУб˼Ż⣬˵ķ£Ҳ÷ﶼԪļֵܳĹԪͺǴһˡ
ȻûǲˣûҲǱĴӿ£Ȼ䵽ڡ
ǸһأͱΧ
ΧԼЩսʿԭĲмǱԺΪǷ֣ΧУȻгﵽԪļĸ֣ˣ໹һЩǿ˺͡顣
ЩתˣҪ˵ҲкܶӴûмʲôģ˳ĳ壬ԷŻṩ
ĪǣѾͶĳ
ɿֲһֻںвֻϣװǬݲУѵͶʥأ
ͲðˣʥؿɲǣڵԪʥؿǶ֮һٹеϯλҲǺܸߵġ
ҲˣûððʧʧǱֱӺͷǱ㷢ŭͷЩ࣬ȴû뵽֣Լ⼸Ԫļ˼ɱġ
ǿΪ˿ƣҲ֮ǰţЩֲòŵ̬˵ǲҲ˵뺯ģķͻǿɲǶ֡
˿̾ڿõһ俨пһУڿǱķͽ⼸ʰˣûг֣ͬʱҲ൱⣬ȻжԪ弶ǰǸ޾κεˡ


ڶٶʮ 

˿ѾҹĴڣȴϯԲλΧŵȫһƵм
ϼáͶ˾Ͳ˵ˣҲרŴʨǸϹгȵϧϣŮ
ԲϣһſƬһ԰ٹ˵뺯
Ѿǵһ˵ٹˣûر棬ѾĿ۹ĹԼɯʿų֪νİٹһǿȨϷĻ顣ȻŴһԽս֮Ūֻ˾Ǵûκʧ´̸ֺôȻǿܶ
˹Ҳ˵
һҪʵȻŮԼһԪȼߵģǿԪһʼŮʱֻͷһԪѹѻȸеľ߶ܸоһǿ
ϼǼŮЩ£ϧϣŮദʱ䳤ûʲôоΪˣϧϣϼǰչ¶һƣ󣬵ȻҲֻ־Ӷ࣬ϧϣִŮӣȻ֪Ҫϼøùϵ˽Ůͳ˹һĺѣҲϧϣޱȣѾͷΪ˺Լһ𣬼ֱֶþˡ
˵Ů˿̸ĻشȴʮΡ
ŮĻشǳ򵥣Ǿѹû˵ʲôٹ˺Ͱٹ飬ȻЩ׿ŽųֵģҲֲͼҲûؼء
˵ˣһųֵˡ
һδѾ֪ٹһһЩǿ¾ǣĴؼ壬ȻҲǡ
ĿȻֻ֪Ǹţ˿⼸λʹûһʼ̬ʵʵǰŵûоǲ׼̤벽ġ
ҿЩ飬ĿĲҵ˼ǲҪᣡ˵ϽȻڷǼ鼴ٹͻȻʮа˾ǲ⡣
дĺȥԸȻǲʲôȻ˶ϣҪ׼˵ǶƷɣ˿ҲͲΪɱľСӶӳˣȻҲǽࡣ
ȻȥǲȥܱȥĻĳֹƣȥһԷһû
ҾҪȥһζԷЩʹ߹⵷ңȫƺͶǵĲмӦҲһ̽棬ʾôǺֱܿӶϼʱ˵
ţþ͵ͬϼĽ飬ЩһʼͶͼˣǰʱԪ۹ڣҪǣټռʨǶûпܣ˵ԴԪ֮ԽԽ֣ҪǶͲ֪ж٣ֻЩССϺνǴȥǲռǵĺôռνİٹӦһԣȻ˼ѾǣǾ͵׼ӦսҪӦս֪֪ҪҪȥ
ԣΪҪǿַȻҲһֿܣǾ֮ĳԼΪ˶࣬ռ˵ĺôҲҪ߾⣬ԲŸôһ飬ɳʹӦֻǵһ̽ǲȥϾͻôߣ෴ǰٹչֳʵֿľģЩ϶һΣϧϣʼϼһһͣȻǾ֮һԡ
ò˵ƲŮݣ˵ĻǷǳеģҲǵͷ˼ڵѾ˵ˣǲȥͲȥ⣬ӦԪʧ֮ԵԪֵĴ⡣
ԭĵͼԱǾѣ˿Ҳв٣ڵԪЩһ󵰸⣬ٹ飬ʵϾ̸ιϷֵĻ顣
Ѿ۵һҲ֪Լñ̬ˡ
֮ԽˣҪͨǵʶ;ԣϼúϧϣѾ˵ĺʡѿˡ
ǻμٹ飬ݣʱϣٶǵʵԪؾԪļҪӣһºϣԪļ֣³ǱսҲҪܹһҲҪʹڲμӰٹѡһȥ˿˵ǳĬ
ȻһȥҲ֮٣ΣգҲֻʵȫˣǴ˭һۣҲҲûзԡ
վڳǱ㳡ϣһոõһ
ʮҲǻһʥô͡һۺʱεضԼĿƬҪһǧԪڼ֮󣬽ʩߴͻԪʥʦƽ̨
һеֻʦѧͽʩչҲһصʦƽ̨ĴͿƬ
һҪصʦƽֻ̨һĿģǾҿʦΪʽʦ
μӰٹ飬֪ʲô鷳оһ鷳ѧͽȻûʲôֻгΪʦռϷ硣
˵Ϊʦѵһ㣬λǧʯһ棬ͽˣټ⼸о
һǣ֣˱һŹâߣͷһ·Ԫ֮ŵĶ˲䱻С
ʦƽ̨ɸ߿֮ϣΧǲƣֻʦ;ʦѧͽ̤룬
ƽ̨˲䣬ͱ˷ˣʦԼٶȳ˹״̱ʩչײɵ磬һͿȥһʮףʦԶԶ˦ں棬ҪۼٶȣھһЩ߼ʦ
ûȵõʦǲʦƽ̨ģȻҲΪֻѧͽݣΪʦôʦƽ̨߾˭ҲܲţڲС
ʩչײˣȻǵʦڵƽ̨Ǽʦѹû뵽ٶȻô죬æ׷ȥֻϧķԪʩչײʧڼʦǰ
Էѵʦôôٶȣһʦһε˵
ǰҲΪҶԷʩչʥôģֻʦѧͽʹãҿҲӦһʦʲô£ܵĿһЩһʦҲǵͷ˵
ȻʦǾˣһʼ˵ĳʦѹȥ
˿̣Ѿǵ˿ʦڵƽ̨
ƽ̨ϣźԶͿһëȻſڿյɹ̫֮䣬̧ͷ˹
þòһк


ڶٶʮ ʸһ
Сƽ̨Ĵڣһжһԣڸǧʯ񡯰Ħ⹷һƨĸ֣֪ʱðͽ˭
Ƕڶ棬ڿʦǰΣҲΪΪԼλʦԵʡ
ٹ飬֪Ǳ˸һЩĶȨ棬ΪһΰʦûҪԼΪԼ̣κһǸ߼ʦʱһˣͿɵһֺα˷ʱˣҲɢעʦ˵ţ۾û뿪鱾
ʦ˵ǣһ㣬Լļ֣Ҳ͵ʦʲôʲôû˵
ãŵֻһ飬ԸôһȺƿ飬ҲùܡˣٻһЩ֪ʶ⣬ҲҪ˵˵Ϊʦ顣
꣬æķг
ķɳ֮ʮֵ򣬷ԭϢ˿̧ͷ˰ķȻ󷢳һ˻С
ķƤĳһ񣬰һǷᣬǿʦ񣬶һȡ
Ź֣ϡҲֻδϴʯԪȼҲҪ󼶣ô᲻һ棬࿴˰ķֻۣʲôֻܶǧʯǴʲôطŪģ
ڰķûʲôģҿʦԼܲεļ壬ǽʯƬƾԪӦҵķľ˵˳
ʲô⻰һվ粻һһףֱԭɫƤ
ʦʮ򶨵ģôҲýĺĸʵʦʲô𣿡
ǧʯе壬ǴбʦٻΪģûһֻֻ˵һ£Ǿֻ壬ǡ˵ʦЩͣ٣ƺʲôǣ¹ذķȻǺżæʲô
ֻֻһֿܣǾĳλʦٻֻǲ֪ʲôԭʧȥ˵ѾֻΪ㣬ԪιŽ¾Ȼǧʯû´޷ĳֺʧʵ廯ɵģ˵˵ģڵЩǻûдشлָһָͻصԭʦЩϧ˵ղйǣΪ
ʦȻóʯĸܺã˵ǻҲǺΪΪˣǵ飬Ըղ˹ǣʵҪԣԼģ˦˦ԼģǿҲûá
գȻĿɿڴĪһʧ䡣
ķȻͱĳʦٻǧʯ˵ģֻΪԼ䱻ѹơ
һָͻȥѰԼˡ
˵ԼҪͰķֿ
оܲãпɬޱȣȻͽķԼûʧȥķ
ǧʯʱڲŻѰˣһܸģֻעԵҪΪʦ֧֣ʵҪΪʦҲ̫ѣһᰲ㵽ľѰԼǧʯ飬ͬһһ䣬ֻǳο
һſԼϵİķʦʱǲǧʯķָҪȥѰԼˣҲڴ֮ǰһڳΪʦʱһ𡣡
ķƺܵĵ䣬˿ԴĲӣ˰ķķĽ
ˣɣվҪǧʯģҲǴ޺һӰķӣΪʦҲԸǧʯ㿼ʦȰ
ᶨȻݲ
ãȻˣҺ˵һγΪʦʦ˵⣺Ϊѧͽ꣬ʸʦÿ꣬һʦĲԣһֻѡһҲ˵죬ÿҲֻһʦʸ񣬶㣬Ϊѧͽ꣬˵ǲܲμʦԵġ
ûв죬϶еģǿʦû˵ԼܲμӣҲ˵ȡɵĵط
Ȼ½ѧͽҪ޲μʦĲԣֻһ취ǾһҪμʦԵѧͽȡʸ񡣡
ЦˣͲµֿܣԪ磬ǿΪЩѧͽԼʸ񶼱סҲûбҪμӲˡ
涨ǳãǳʺԼ
ˣʦԻڶʮʼ˿̣޵ѧͽѾȫμӽĲԣֻҪǵѡһܣǵĲʸ񿨣ôͿԲμӡ
ʦ˵꣬һԾԾԵֵڲҪˣѾ㰲ţʮԽ̵㣬ȵȥʸ񡣡
ʱ䣬ԸպÿڰٹǰԸϵüҿʦԽ̵Լٺò
ѾˣҲ˲٣Ϊķ飬ɡ
뵽ڱ˱۾˴ߵĽԼĵʦѯһ£Ҳ൱棬ǰ˱۾˵ǽһʮֹŹֵĸооԪΪ˱۾˺ͽޱ䡣
˵⣬ʦҲһء
£ܶʦҲڹעѾ֪ԷӦԸߵԪ磬ҲǵڶԪ磬Ԫ缴ʦҲ˽ⲻ࣬ǰ˱۾ٶԪ˼ĳڣҪʲôܲϵģȻѾǽԪ弶ɲҲУȷ°ɣʱר׼ʦԣֻгΪʦʵ̽Щܵ
ʦô˵Ҳûмʡ
ʱ䣬о˵ûרעһŲܣҲʣÿ絽оʦҲǽԼ֪ڡ
ʮʱȥȻ˿δԽоԽǾǿ£ͬһͬʦҲֻͬʦƿȡ
ԭ·ͻ£Ȼһ׿ʦĳۣȻһƽ̨
ʦԵӣƽ̨ĲֳۼвμӲԵѧͽԼǵĵʦҪʸ񿨣ֻڽС


ڶʮ ʸ񣨶
ɫͬһʯ̳ɵ棬ΧǴִʯߴ׵ĿʽʦԵĳĵӿпȥͬǺһأЩذ嶼Ӳǻʯ̳ɣǸ߼޷˷ֺĸ򳡴СĴư硣
¶ĴڣѾۼ˽ˣѧͽҲǸԵĵʦѧͽ϶ϵѧͽһϢǿȫǸ߼ѧͽ
ѧͽҲּϰС߼߼ѧͽȻʹʦԼѧͽʲô𣬽ֻ֪ǼϰѧͽΪûлμӹ
ֻһϰѧͽ
ϰѧͽıʶûбʶѧͽؿڶһ£һȦѧͽĶмѧͽ˳϶Ǹ߼ѧͽһƲ
ʱ˵עȻעĲǰŵĿʦ
ʦУеļ߼ʦҲʵǿʦ֮һȻĵע⣬ʦǼæʦȦͬǿΪ
ȻҲһЩͿһĸ߼ʦΪȻ
ʲôǽʦĲԳ֪겢ǲԹ١һƽʱͿϵ̫õŮʦ˿üɤ˵ʦȻһɫƤȻĻ𱬣ȥȴħһ
ϣҵĵӲμӲԵģ˵ǾȻ¶һ˿΢Ц
·ʹʦ˭ʸ񿨣˵ʱָȻ˿̣ѡĿꡣ
ǸƤϣƺûв鷳ͷȴóЦڿЦ𣿾֪ƢŹֺյӣһȻһ½ѧͽеõһѧͽʱҲ꣬ҪμʦĲԣǴﵽϵѧͽſԣòǺͿһ㶼˰ɣ
˵꣬ϣЦЦ𶯴ĵӣһѧͽҲǷ˹ЦݣѧͽȥʮһѧͽۣʮʦĳЦ
ҿϣ㽡ˣѵˣûдﵽ޵ѧͽҲһְ취ԲμӲԵġ˿ԡ
ϣЦȻֹȻ뵽ʲô
ʸ񿨣ĵδҲ̫˰ɡϣһ˵һóȻɫһ˫۾·ŵһ㣬⣬̶ֳȵĿȲϵĺںӡ
˵ˣһҵĵӺţǲ֪ϣĵûģҲҽҵӵսˣǾͷʸ񿨣Լɹļŭϣ˿Ц˵ּһѻ
ʲôңѵҵĵӻȲĵ𣿲ĵأϣȻҲǺǵģ־Կ͡
ҵĵˣҾ͸޳ָָָԼϴŵһʯ
ʯע⵽ˣ̺ΪǿԪȻǷƷҿ϶;
Ȼϣ¶ϲ֮ɫæ˵ģ
ڳôʦ֤һνı飬ϣ̵ãˣ
˵꣬ŤͷǸѧͽȥҽѵһ¿ĵӣסľʯһҪõ
ϣʦģһöԷ䣬Ͼֻһϰѧͽĸ߼ѧͽһţǰ߳
һۿߵͷҲȥΧƿÿһԲεıȶ
ֱȶûʲôֻӮ
ϰѧͽҽ䣬Ҳܱ֤İȫ￴һмȻпʱΪѧͽѾ˸ͷμӹʦĲԣʵڸ߼ѧͽҲٮٮߣһҲǶڵѡ
ҲǣúͶԷ˵ֱȡһſƬǿɫһȻĻǳ⣬ٶҲǼ죬ƬͬʱҲǼĿƬһ¼š
һž֮ȭʯ֮ܡ
һһأǿԵʱõֶΣҲѧͽʦõս֮һ˵սûʲôȱ㡣
ģͬһûмĶ
޴ľ֮ȭͬʱֻһͨİɫԪɵģһɫȭ
˵ĵӿͷɫ֮ȭȻģʯ֮ҲǾǿĳ֮ܣͨʯܻ֮Ҫ̣ҿһμſƬǲٿغ;ͱȶԷǿ˺ܶ࣡ϣһԿţд󶨡
ĿһνĵȻ
أ
ȭͬʱһǿĳͷĳ֮ܵشȴû飬ֻǳơ
Ӯˣ˿̼ѣû뵽ȻôֳʤϾзԷûзûмһ¾֮ȭҲˡ
һ̣ͷ·һ¶˼һĻ
ǸĵӣȻ֪ʲôʱԼǰ۾ı·һС
ãﲻҶ룬æ࣬ͬʱ﷭ſƬ׼
ٶȻһģֻоؿھʹ˷ɳȥʮԶݺݵˤ˵ϡ
Ǳһ߷ɵģܶ˶һĻ߷ȻǿĵӣͬʱǰּһſƬ
أ
ݴסգ֮ͳһݶһ㡣
㶨˶Լĳۣɵ˵
Χ۵˴ûзӦսҲ̫ˣ֮飬ʤͷˣ
ȻҲԤ⵽һȶܿȻŪʤ˫ĹϵһϰѧͽȻֻõټһž͸㶨һ߼ѧͽʲôʱϰѧͽôˣ
Ĺ˵뷨ǰȥ򱻹ͬһĿҪʸ񿨣ȻһԸ⣬ҲûֻܸԷΪѾˣڶʦƤˣҡǸƤϣ˿̸ɫĿ£ֻԸķ䣬һʦϻˡ
һɫ֮ȭʮŴݴҪһţ벻ôã߼ʦһĻ֪ǿĲԩ˵ǵĵϳҲһ䣬ĵȻֻǼϰѧͽҳΪѧͽʱ䣬ȻԻܳΪѧͽĿ
õʸ񿨣˻ȻҲʮϣһתߣǿɫ԰ףԹ޵һæ˳ȥȻһͽʦԵˡ
ĲʦҲѵõ¶һЦݣȻıʮ⡣
ȡ˿ʸʽΪһӵвμʦʸѧͽһСʱͻȻŨŨһŻ֡


ڶʮһ ʦԣһ
Żʮ׸ߣҲнʮףƵư磬ͬŻһֵģ߼ʦ
ʦԵĿֻܴӸ߼ʦѡһһֻһθոֻһֻܿԼˣŻʦٳֺ󣬶ߵ˵
ʦģһͨԣлܿѾνĸ߼ѧͽʵһ˽⣬˵ʵ߼ѧͽֻˮƽô֪ܻܲͨĸ߼ѧͽȻˣôͨļʾҪܶˡ
ȲҪѻ˵ôʦĲԲô򵥣ȷÿһʦֻͨһкܶβԣһûͨ˰ɣܹھˣҲδһܳɹʦɫ
֪ˣʱҲղŻʤ˼һԴ˼Լ⡣
ʱ򣬴ŻΧɢɫʯûŰ壬ֻһŤչ֣
ſվ߼ʦһϵãǸȴʦһŲʶ˿߼ʦһݣʦۡһϣɫƤͷͷϳԹŹִǵʦ˿˵ʦԿʼӵʸ񿨵ѧͽ֮ţУҵǧʯȣǵֻһܻһǧʯ壬Ȼپϴ񣬶Ǹˣʦ֮û˳ɹôβԾͨû׼ںڻü
ѧͽûһ˺ˣȻѧͽһ׼֪һɥΣգҲҪԡ
һ䣬ҪΪǿߣҪѺΣգһĿռ䣬ǿֿܻµ󣬲ʦǰѾ·ֻ꣬Ҫҵһ·꣬Ͳ·һβԵĿ٣ǰյǧʯȵǣ˭һҵõĳϣô˭ǻʤߣ𣿡˵ĸ߼ʦһѯʣȻû˭ʡ
ãôһβʽʼ˻н룬뼴ɣ˵꣬ʦת߽˾޴ŻУŻͬһռ֮ţӰʧ١
֮μӲԵѧͽһŽ룬һۿʦ߳˵һ䣺Сһ㣬㣡
ò˵ʦȻŮԣҲ൱ޣ⻰Ҳǲ⶯˶ֻһƬ̾ʧ٣˭ԣʦǵʦǵʦĹģȻҶ롣
һһѧͽŻ
ʱͬˮһ㣬һͣܿͷ֣Լһ֪೤ĿռһŹֵĵط
Ϊʲô˵Ź֣Ϊ֣ԼȻվһ޴ʯ֮ϡ
ʯǳ󣬷ۿȥĹƽ̨һʯϣ֣ɽһӦȫԼһ޴ʯ̨ͬһ޴Ż
ڴˣֿռ֮ʮֺ棬ֱȴ档
֮ǰѧͽеֱӴ߶߷ߣеǺѾפֻҪ΢һ֪ЩֱӷߵȻǵһνգǲ˷ʱ䣬̾ߣפǵһԼһİĻ϶ҪϤһ¡
ĿԶԿͷиƯʯԶо޴壬ʵĹͬһ޴Ĳʺ磬ᴩǿգ˵ľɫ
ҲܸоԪŨԼŨҵĵطҿУҲһЩӼԶ֮شԪֻǸоһ˿ʹһ£̫ǿˡ
Բʲôõطеһͷ
ĵӣҺʶˣڶǰѧͽСϣһˣȡһʱҾ֪ɾͲȻ̶̶꣬ȻԻܿʵ˲𣡡
ﻮƻʱһתͷһѧͽԼ
ӣҪύԼ
˵һƵѧͽԣģΪӢⳤŵżﵱǣ϶һڶ졣
˧ߣǸһͷҰޡ
һѧͽ
ѧͽУ˼٣ֱͺһϡжҲûӵ飬˵һ᲻ʹǵԣռԪ³ԱͬڳʱԳΪѧͽľָȻǵҲһЩߣ
ԿһѧͽΪ棬ͬԷԼһ档
ѧͽһˣͷצϵĳȻ֫ŵأԻᱻһͷҰޡ
ڴֱۣߣǿȥôһѧͽĸо
ҽаˣĬĬУ˧ҽܵһԵҲǺܵĸһ
ҺĬĬжǵһβμԣ˵ʵҲûʲô飬Ǵһ·ΣҲܻһӦҿҲһˣԸԸһж˺˵һЦݣȷǺ׽ύѡ
룬Ҳǵ˵ͷȻţزĵطһ˵ȷָָ⣬Ĳ˵С·һһĿ΢΢
˴Ͳͬûоܾ
̫ˣһ˵ķǸĬĬУʮֺ񣬴˿ǵһ˫ۣΪʲôôǸǰҲԹҿɲĶ֣Ǹ쵰һ߷ҿǰкأ
ֻһ仰ĬĬеĸоãһȴǿ˼˵һЩİ˲ͬĬĬһûʲôǸԸֱˬͣϲ˴򽻵
ĬĬУԸ⣬ҿԽ㼸У´ǸҲʹǺһЦ
ģǿ̽ң㲻֪ҶǸ쵰ϧʦᣬҲĶ̸֣ңһȥȥ𲻿ɣԼԱĬĬʮ˷ܣ۾¶⣬ʱ͵͵עһԱߵİˣͼλ˧Ȼһ΢Ц·һ˿ãȻصĺܺãǱˡ
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û˵ƣһļҪѧеĬĬ˵ڲǸʱ򣬵ȵʱԼĬĬзھͺ̵ͷ
ˣʱ䵢ҲˣҪӿٶˣ˾ܵǰˣ˴˿Ц˵һ䣬Ȼһǰȥ


ڶʮ ʦԣ
Уι״ڵԪﶼıƷ֣ҲӦоС
漸ͷڿʳһֲҶľҰҰƤͬһɢһ͸ĽʸУ͸һ͸Ƥ࣬Ƥϳɫļ̣ȥƺôǧҪСһŹֵƤ˵ѧͽԹѹƶԷƤֽʵĵԣֱӷ߷ҰŭԷĳͷݺϵļ̣ѧͽҲмܡ
һпдеļ棬ֺ;Ĺǳ̣һнصЩʵߣĶԪļһЩﵽԪ弶ĳ̶ȡ
ҪڵߣΣؾһѧͽӵߣԴӿзУǱܿΣյ
еһƬ޴ʯıԵܶѧͽۼԿһɫʯͷöɣķŹһЩǰϵѧͽԥ̤˴󣬲ȡһԪȻʧ٣ȻǱˡ
ЩֱӴ뿪ǲֹһյˣϤԿ࣬һյȴǲ֪ȻǸԵĵʦҲûнյǣΪʦһɷǾǵʦ׼ǵĵ͸¶յ顣
һУҪѧͽԼ̽
ȻۼǴǰԥĶǵһѧͽҲʮ
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˧ȻкܺõĽһͽˣȻնĴСʯɵģƯУЩʯеͬ½һеͬǧʯڵλþԶҪתܶʯǵʦȱڵƯʯϲִν·꣡
Ȼͨ·괫ͣǿյǧʯ𣿡ĬĬֵʵ˵ҲôģȻӦûô򵥡
̾˿ô򵥵ǺˣΪյԪЩ͵ĵطضҲ˵ԺǿҴ͵ĵصҲһԵʱҪѰҵĴŴͣ˵ֻҪҵɫʯͷɵĴʮΣͿԵǧʯȡ
Ϣ𣿡ʵϾ¹ܲܵǧʯȣȻҪһЩ
Ӧû⣬һһЩԪ򵽵鱨Է˵Ǵһλѧͽ򵽵鱨˵ֵΪ鱨ҿǻԪһͻҪԪ鷳ˡ
һƺСƺֻⰬҪԼĬĬиԪ͡
ȻûпĬĬһ񣬽ΪֱĬĬ˾Ȼ鱨æˣûϵҴԪв٣һĴͷ
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Ҳ˵˺ĬĬһĿĵģĿʲôǾĬĬпڴԪ
ΪʲôҪԼ
תһ̾ˡ
ʵǾ˵ǽƻĬĬΪԪԼȻǿԼս
ܼиɷȻԼʵٰ˿ѾǾǿӴύĿľΣյʱԼôһֵ
ȷ̣˸ղŴϢһֱй۲죬ûԷͳԪȻǿĬĬһѣԷҪԼȴЩˡ
Ҳûеƣֻ¶΢Ц
ʱѧͽҲһ𣬿ʼͣǰһʱЩզ࣬ҪһδͣÿҪԪ
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ֵ˺ĬĬеʱĬĬʮִȡ˼ĿǶǧΪλĿҲ˵һһǧԪ
˵ҪҿԴܿľУǷ飬ҪĴͷҲ˰ɣĬĬʮʵڵ˵
һﻹǣǻǹֱɵĿɰֲǰҪ㣬ϲǷ飬ԼȡԪãԪã裡
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һǧſƬ󣬴һ׹˱һͶһ̹âɢȥ˵һɽϡ
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ҲЩʧĬĬд˿ֻһ˺ܶࡣ
Σգ
ĬĬǰˣΣյĸ֪Ȼ֮ϣûвΣգֻǸоЩԾ
˶ͨˣڿշ𣬲һͷͻȻһ޴ٶİ׵屻סǷһҽС
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˿ӵиʴǳСģһ԰ףղֱۻֱ۵ѾǱʴһѺۣ˿ȡһſƬһμȻٻеı־սū͡
ܣ
һִʦרעսĿԾ͵ȡġľͷʯ顢ԳΪϣ£Щϳһսܡ


ڶʮ ʦԣ
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֩֫泤Խ߸߳𣬿³ղִиʴʣϮǵľ֩롣
֮ǰǿΧ˿ɽ˿ҲǴɳɳ죬澹Ȼʮֻ֩룬ͨǰ콥ڵɫϳżëȥȴͬħһª
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ȡ޽ǰ˶ѣȴΪ޽Ŀǰδ֮
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˿ǵصһΧͱһ˿ʯ֧֮ţγһ޵һĶһӡϲð̱ǵζ˿ʴʯ֮ܺΧʯͷɢζ
˵ܲͻ޷˿ķߣԼѵ˿ôͳײѱƻǰ˵ܱʴá
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֪ǰһӽն޽âȻ˿նһȱڡ
ĽЧն˿˴ϲæ
˵ԼҲģⰬûչ¶ʵֻǲϵķԼѾЩˬҲûᰬˣһһ˿Ͼƿһӣ˿ĸʴЧҲ޽ּЧһĬĬоץסᣬֱӳ˳ȥ
£ĬĬչֳʵ
ٶȡֱӵ˼£ĬĬд˿̾ͬһͷɱ¾ֱ֩ӱצ˺ѣ⻹㣬ĬĬ֫ÿٳɽҶƬ֮ͱ˼Ѫ⣬޴֩ʬ
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ҸʲôЩܹﾹȻ͵ϮѧͽôǣҪȥһֳ֩ײ˵֩볲Ѩд󶼲б˵ܷһʲƣĬĬпЩ⡣
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⻰ĬĬвŴӸղŵĳ嶯侲ϸһҲô£ʱ̾˿һϧİ˴˿Ҳ߹ȰĬĬУ˵ûǾҪɽҲҪСһ㣬ҪһЩ׼
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˵ҶһЩоǾ͸ٻһֻܳ̽·ȻǸں棬ʲôΣգҲܼʱ֡
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ƻûзԣʵҲǱȽϺķǽ֩볲ѨһǱղһ֮𣬶Ƕ֪пǲŲٱ˵֩볲Ѩов٣ȻҪȥһ̽
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׼֮ÿܽɽȻ˽
ɽʮִǽϺЩɿݵ˿˿УԿһЩкǱֵ֩ʳԵˡ
ɽĿʮȳżһЩŹֵɳɳɽ紫
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ȡһſƬһɱ˪һƬɽڱ⡣


ڶʮ ʦԣģ
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ãôǾѡߵĲ·ĬĬд˿Ϊ˷ܣѰ»˭һС˷ܵġ
ʮӺѾβڣһͨÿһ࣬Ǻţ˭·
ĬĬһѾЩԺˡ
ǵ·ֹ˰СʱҲˣΪѹһԹͨͨ˴۸ӣҪļÿһطȥƺһԺٿ˲両ֳʮͬĳ˭ܼǵá
˵Ҳ֣ɽ˰죬һֶֻ֩ûг֣Ϊ֩ǲȫߵʱͻȻﴫɳɳԽԽ󣬲һǰð֩֡
ԭЩﾹȻҪǽĬĬһμıοٶȺͷҲһϣʼս
ʱ˵ʲôûУֻһʯϵ֩飬ǲޱȣǰ̿ʼ
Ѿ֪Էƺ㣬Щ˿ȻƣĬĬеצ޽Խ֮˿ĸʴʣҲ򵥣ֻҪˣ̼һšڶʱڣЩ˿޷ٶҲƮƮĺ׾ͿԱܿ
ʦǿ֮˵ķȻûʦôȻһƬڵֻƬʱ䣬Ƭʱ䣬ȴԾ
ĬĬкֹһΪףֱ۴ȣצһһľˣӵױȵٶȺƻһֳֿгʩչκֶ֩Եֵ˵Ĺʮֻ֩ʱͱնɱżһЩ©֮㣬Ҳᱻվܺİñɱ
ͬھ֮ȭƻϾͲ˺Զʤٶȿ죬̴ӴðСһļ̣е֩ʬȫǧٿס
һ·ϣ˹ԽߣĵԽͣԼһЩڶѨǽΧͬѴ֩ѡ
ĬĬûйЩ֩ѡ
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ڨڨͣ֡
˼ǰһ֩׳ĶѨ˷һЩö
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ЩʦﶼǷǳѵõĺöʯܣõĿܲϣʯʱ򣬰۾һɳֱǰץһо
󣬺öֱӽһ鿨𣬵ȵ׼õڶʱȴǱֹ
ˣһֵģǲӦþһ£ⰬѾʮֲˣһ˽ĿԣȻĻ̥ĬĬпԼ
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ĬĬҲܸˣ˽ʯƽ֮󣬱ǽĿⶢ˸ʬϡ
Ҳһö
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⼣ϢԪӶῨϵĹƬԺܶʦĶֻһЩԱʱ֮衣
֪⼸ֿƬʹüֵֻҪʹõõôЩƬҪһЩǿĹƬ￨Ƭǿ
֮ͬǰûЩ֩³˿͹˺һˣʱĬĬǰ˶ÿƬ̾ѣǵսʽ˵˶ЩֱӣһñοٶȺͷвбĽսһǿں
ȴûضսֻ˵ֻҪܱʹõĿƬڹؼʱó
ԭ⸡ʬôȤˣҲǿһ߲Ƶʬ塣
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գֻʳڿеԪ棬µϢԸʴһнýɱȱһʣҲǿˣǸж֮һ
ڣһͷֻһ߲ʬһʬ岻ɣǱЩ̰Եָ֩ˣֻʣµģҲ˴һˡ
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ʱڿԿӶԷԪ˵ʵҪ󲿷ֿƬֻҪ㹻ԪͿԣӶԷϵԪֻʱԷһʵȻõĵõǷǳģҪʩչʲôģͻȻ˽ԪӶһ֣϶޷ʩչ
ϧǰ˲أ̺Ԫ٣Ϊռ˱ˣʵǳ˴ҲȻǸ߼ѧͽǹڸֻǾͨĳʦ֪
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еֶ֩ûмȻǶΪɵҲѹ֣һ·ɱϰֻ֩ˣѾһ֩ɱһ룬ǵȻ¡


ڶʮ ʦԣ壩
ϧЩֲ֪֩ҲЩµģΪͬʱϰֻ֣֩˭ѹЩ֩УʮֻǴﵽԪ弶ĴڣǸ֩룬Ǵﵽ׼ʵ
ĬĬлǰˣЩӣЩ֩һӵϣǰ˳ֻĶӡ
Ǹͷ֩룬϶Щֵ֩ϵĬĬд˿죬ӣצڵĦţӲʯȶ࣬һץһƬ
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ǼҲƺЩԣΪϵ̫֩СĽˡ
ϸһϵ֩󣬾Ȼһһ޴֩ѣ˿֩Ѿһ͸ɫϵ䶯һζľ޴Ӱ̬ԪӦܸоӰĿֲ֮
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һ仰ͽ˴ˮ뷨ɱҡУĿһ£Ϊ˵һܿȥǸѡ
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вԪʯʱҲкܶ࣬һЩƵϡйʬ壬Щʦ˵Ǻö
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ռЩϣ㹻滻ǧԪˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ռһЩϺȴǿһմճҺڵϵһ
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һ㶣֪ԼץסȻЩһ㣬Ȼ֩һעתƵԼϡ
˵֮֩ǰڸ쳳ֵѧôھŶİΡ
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ڵԪ弶֣ȫжǿٿ׽һװ׳˦ȥԶǴ˿̣Ȼ˿
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ŭʿ£ǸʱΧ֩ͬһ㾹ȻǿʼȻļֵС
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ЩﱩˣߣĬĬкͰȻûзߵֱ֩˽֮ųȥͷأĬĬлǺܹ˼רܹһͿŭʿҪγһ
ȻĬĬҲǸĲͬ죬ٺõĶòҲûãĬĬв֪ŭʿóһľ˶βĶԼȥҲ״
ߣΣ£ĬĬûжߣǲɱΧ֩֡
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ǾǴ߶δ֣ǿĴܲܰγ
δȻ˦ͬһƵǸϣһһ
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δֻӶڵϣʱѣѷ촫ݹĵط֩һһɹε˺鱬ΪѪ˲䱻ɵֶ֩ʮֻ
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·֩˻ϣٶȸ죬һץסͷҪߵĬĬУʩչײֻǼ¾ͳԶ·ıʶڣ˼ӣ͵˳ڴ
ѾˣĬĬгҲΪ⣬Ϊղֱ֩˳ء


ڶʮ ʦԣ
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Ʊ֮˭˵ֵһ˶ûѡ뿪ãԷ϶⡣
ûʱͰۣΪ֩ɽ뿪ʱߵĹŹִ󴸣Щֱ֩ӱҲûԤϵģΪȥǸɫôУû뵽ֶ֩󴸵ӳ̶ҲôߣֻʱѾǴֽ֩òߴ󴸶һȻˣһ㣬ֱӴߡ
󴸵ãԺоʯѾʺϴˣ֩볲Ѩͨ˴ʯڲѾֵ֩ĳѨټоɫеĶҪ뿪
ĬĬѾ˺ѣڰҲûӣǰҵġ
ʯûҵ·괫ֻðշУһʯѰҡ
жٿʯ֪еʯֱһ½Ȼʯ࣬һЩֱʮڵʯ
ʯʯ֮շ籩йȥΣںܱܿǿշ籩˺飬֮⻹շ籩еĹŹϮ
ûҵ·괫ֻðա
ǰһ׿շ籩˿⻹ͷһҪշ籩ȻЩţ͸˵ĬĬˣһ·ϲϵĵǸĬĬԭΪһεõĬĬеˣ˵˺ܶշ籩֪ʶ
˵շ籩ǳһԪļʲôʩûʩչͽУᱻֱ˺飬ƯڿеѪƬԱҪ׼ָЩѤշ籩˵籩кܶϸСʯкܶŤ֮ͻоֲѹ
Ҫʲô׼ĬĬʵȻշ籩Ψһ飬һʦ군
Ҫһ׸߼ףһЩʵĿƬҲҪ룬ͿƴģȻ󴩹շ籩׵շ籩Сģˣʮٹշ籩鷳һСľͺܿ档Ϊ֮ǰ󣬴˿֪޲ԡ
ĬĬе˵ͷһ㰬ȻûбҪƭˣҹշ籩ֻҪٻһūͲһ¾ͺá
һĬĬѧˣ뷨ǲıϣٻһԪūͣūʹշ籩ֻƬԪū;ͱ˺顣
ػһūͣϸ߼׺ͼӳԪ֮ȴǿԴͨȻҲˣȴ
Ǹ׼˵ѧͽ۵ķͲûӶ࣬Լִһڼף滹һף˵ѾǳɹۣĬĬиǴһŹֵƤ£Ƥ·ǳʵϸëͬһ˿ɨһ۸оⶫķԼл׼Ҫǿ
ԪԶϵƤ޼֮˵۹ΨһһⶫǳأսӰٶȣֻʱóˣĬĬпһ棬͵
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˸ԼһףӣԪ弶ϵƤȫǺɫƬһֺ
ʶǾԪ弶ǿ˵Ƥ׾ǲƤҲ޼ˡ
˸ԼһԪ֣Ȼһշ籩С
˽շ籩֮ûã֩볲ѨǸɫѿʼƣһӰƳ˳
һŮΣǳ沿Ƥ֮⣬ִг·ĽƤĶͬ֩һĳ֫˼Ȼһ
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˵շ籩̸оͬУάΣΧѹ˺ȷ൱ǿᣬûԪֺϵĻףԼҲܵˡ
Źֵǣ˿ֲշ籩УȻ֮治С
Ԫֺܿͱƣڻһ룬ĽȻ˰ȫͨһʯ
ʯСһһԺܿͿ֪ﲢû·괫
˼ðմշ籩ڵδշ籩󣬵һ·괫ĵط
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˵ͣǵһܴʯϣʽĺۼﲻ֩ԵҰޣǻ
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ȻѾʧһжżԶ޴ĺɫžǳȻ֪ṳ̂ˡ
һԪż˵֮ǰһԪ磬ֻΪսᣬշ籩ָƬЩƬʯЩʯϾеǸԪżЩϹʱڵǳż˵ʲôܴһʣ˴˿һı顣
ĬĬҲһһ֩붴ҲõٺôǸŹսһĻȻȴû˵·ܶθڣĬĬҲ֪¾ܱȽϺã˭û˵
һôһżȥ̽һǾ̫ԲԼˣĬĬһԾԾԡ
ȻҲһЩ˷ܣҪ侲ˡ
Ȼż϶Ҫһ̽ͬ⣬ĬĬкͰ˿϶ҲȥҲûвͬ⣬ֻԼиоЩԾѡ
˴ɹʶһǸɫȥ
ܴ󣬴Ӿ޴ŻϿ־ϵ޽ġ
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ڶʮ ʦԣߣ
ӦӦһʦԵʱ򱻴ġ
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óһۣĬĬҲЩʯʮֺ棬ǰ˲رЩʯֻǴߴ˼ǰ
ΧǽǴڣ޴ʯ飬к󣬿ԿڴƺͱϴһգǱʯǽںͿѵĵذ嶼չֳİ䡣
ƺʲôûУǰǰһָǰĵذǿж
ĬĬļ̾ҪȥûȳȥͱһѸ˻
ͼһɫŰˣγ޽ָŶԷˣǧټƽ﾿ʲô⣿Ҹһ˵˵ǾԶҪ˵ˡ
ͻȻðЩʼδһԵĬĬҲЩҲ˽Ҫ˵ݺԼԷӦûֵӰɣ
һʱദĬĬȻ϶ֵΣվߣĿŶİˡ
һ֪롯ȴǽе㷢ʲô裿ʲôҽģһ·һģǣ
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ĬĬʱǷǳᶨ
ˣˣڽʱû֪żΧǽſڵʯĬĬжҪŪʲôС΢Ը񣬾Ȼ᲻Ųʣ֪ʲôĵذʲôǸղŵĽǶȿʲô㾹Ȼ˵ж㲻δ֪ôֻһֿܣ˵꣬ĬĬҲȡ˿ƬȻҪ׼طˡ
Уڶɹշ籩ʱҺĬĬҪƽǸ˺ܴкüζһ㱻ߣҿȴ࣬ȻмװҡҡڰڵӣĺܶСϸȴǳһ㣬˵ô࣬㻹ʲôɽ͵ģ͸һɱ
Ⱜ˽ҲˣȻԷһʼǲ⣬϶βܡ
ۣˣαļһ㾹Ȼƭǣ˵㾿ʲôĬĬһŭķٿ˵ɫĬĬоٲҲˡ
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ϸһ룬ֲ֪ð˻Ե޹ҪԼǴһʼʹ㽫Լƭһжơ
ǿԼȻԼɹԪ弶ʵһμʱ࣬Ƕʦʤ㣬ֻԼһˣߣ鷳鷳ڻĬĬС
ĬĬʵԲĶ֣һӹɡ
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ʲô᣿ɫûȡʤĿܣȻſԴߣĬĬܲˣֶͬˣֻ˳Ĳߡ
򵥣ңһõǰ붼񿪳һֻȻԽܡ
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֪Է飬ԷȻԿԼԪȼҹ͵͵Ǳо˵һбڼ϶ԷԪ͸߼ʦݣԼ֮ǰһЩƲҲв졣
˵ƺϵԷķӦֱָذµһʯţҪ߽УһҴ


ڶʮ ʦԣˣ
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˵һ״һʼͲԼ˵߽ĶԷҲᰴճŵ
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޴Բ֮⣬
Ȼ߽ĵطԲС
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ĬĬҲһ㶣˵һ仰
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ƯȥְԲͬˮһȻֱû룬һһ
Ǻܿ죬ոûƺļװ߾޷дˣǰķһԴߴҲѼ롣


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˼ӣǲУЩˡ
ǰ͵͵ȥ͵ȡ֮ΪԼߣȻƻʧˣȻռ˺ܶߵϣܲԼһû׵ġ
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˼ε߶ûгɹֻǽֱ̽Уɱ⣬㶯ˡ
һ㣬װƺһ㣬ʲôʵһ㣬˵ͿԳɹˣȴ仰һ㶡
԰
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ҾͽһЩռõǿֶҲʲôֻǰƷԼҪɱȻ練ơ뵽ȡһӶ
ǹߵһЩϺǿֶΣȥܲߵʵԽ뵽棬Ҫʲôġ
һӹ񶪹СӴһȻߵϺǿط
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Ȼʦʵȴһ㶼߼ͻϮ˫ֽһֱӻ飬һɢűŰԪɫֱĿɿڴ
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ը˿һԼǧʯӦ죬Ѿˡ
񳹵ױŭˣѾϮߣһֳˣֳ˾ȻҹԼ߹ʦһҪɱ·ϵĹ
ͻȻֵŮֱӺսһ𣬴һ췭ظֻȻΪʲôҪƴ
Ů˳ֵһ˲䣬ͷˣҲΪĸ֪رǿŮϵԪǰ֩볲ѨǸɫѡ
ǸѷˣһͷһͷǣŮ˿϶Լ鷳ġ
ԼŮˣԷȻǽ񵱳һǴ֡
ⳡϣϸԲǸץ̴߶ߣȻץסĬĬֱߡ
ʱǲɵء
˼Ҫӣ׷һͽԷһֱնѪĽûȰ˲ҽУһ߳ԷߵһѾѷʯϣʯ齫˽Сѹ
ڰˣɵԷֻûʱȥעǣƣ뿪ʱ̡ȻҲûȥΧɵԷ󻼣ǣǸŮȻǵзѣΪ˰ȫǴ˵ͷ
ٶȺܿ죬ĬĬʱҲӦ˹æһУ˺ܿʯշ籩ıԵϡ
ߣһʹΣĬĬжڣȻһͷշ籩С
շ籩ǲκƵģһֻ֪һʼΪڣûб¶ߣȴǹ˲Ϻܶˡ
ߵٶȣĬĬпٴ˼ʯһֱɹʮշ籩һֱڰҵʯͣ
ֱʱ˿֪ǸŮӦö׷ˣٶʱڲܡ
ղô£ǸԮ𣿡ĬĬʱҲǳ˿ȻҲָ֪߼ʦûκʤ㣬Ϊһο϶ǽˣû뵽ȻǷ·תһ


ڶʮ ʦԣʮ
ǣĬĬУǲǵ֩볲ѨǸɫѣղǶǴǸɫģʯ˲˵
ǸѣѵΪߵǸ׷ôһǸɵİ㵲˵ˣĬĬͨеĹؼһЦ˵һ˵ĻЦǸЦ
ҲǻЦĬĬܲԼԼһ񣬹һ˵ͽĬĬеѣȻʶʱ̣ЩȻǲҪŶԷһ顣
ͬߴԲȡĶ
һֻϿһ֣ȻҪĶҪԪӦģڳΪѧͽĵһÿξԪӦĬĬжᳵ·
ԪҳĬĬеҰ̳һӰ
ӰʦۣӺƣֻǷɫͬӦúͿʦһģϿһ˫۾ȴ͸һֿ͸һеǡ
ǶˣŶ˵ֿĸо˿ҰеˣĸоǳǴ˵еɣȻҲñڻϵ
Ȼ˷ͬСɣȻֻһͨԪһͶӰɢƣ˲Ĥݺ;η
ĬĬȻҲǿƯˣͬǾ˵ſ죬¶һļģʮֺЦ
֪ˣߵȼӳָϣ˿϶Ƿǳ˲ʦ֪˭ôĬĬд˿˵
ӦǿʦĵʦҲǼһĵʦͲ³˵ˣǸԲʦµĶȻǺ뵽һ㡣
ʱǸֻĬĬвܿӰȻ΢΢תͷɨĬĬһۡ
ʧɫͷһͬӰͶӰʵһ
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һȤ࣬һȤˣ벻ȻǵõһӰȻ͸һֲɣ
ĬĬжһۣͬʱƯӰһѧͽڡ
ӰǺһЦѧͽ˵Ȥ֪ٸ߼ʦҪõҵһǶԵһ䵽ʹȻȿǵɣҪõĴУͨҵĿǲеġ
˵ӰͻȻһΪֱ뵽ĬĬе˫۵СҪ˵ĬĬҲʵ׵ĸ֣ʦ£Ǵ˿̾ȻûκζܵĻᣬһԶǱߵĬĬҲһһɥ֮ɫȻΪԼϾҪˡ
ԼĪʮĬĬ˵ȴǹ˼ꡣ
˫Ŀð۳ɸղǸӰ
һΣĿȻЩԾ¶ĬĬ˵û뵽û뵽ھȻ߼ѪӦ˵۹л壬ǵλǳߵ֣㡭
Ӱ㾹Ȼһ˿ƽѪ˲ֻЩƽһԳߣôܽѪ㣿ʵҰ˼⣬ǿСѾͷĵӣҲҵͽǾԼˣȻԼˣҾҪ㼸䣬ѪĳƽһģôãֶͨλãǾ鷳ˣƽһ˲Ѫйģ֮ʵҪĸãֻܱȱ˸
һ˵ʮֳ¿ңܸоԼδı棬˵ֻһƸӰȻԼ˺ãⲻɵимһ
ˣѾͷģǿĵӣҽдҲã˻壬Ҳһ˵꣬ٴλֻһһһСһСǸҵĬĬеϡ
ĬĬǻӲԴϢ䵱Уͬʱһһ͵Ԫ˶ڣͬ俨һ˾ǰҲ޷ĬĬС
һԺСʯϳһӰһɫۣɫĿƬ¿˿ûзκˣȻ̶ߡ
Сʱһ˳֣һŮˣƺ׷ĳϢͬѰҰ죬ûκη֣һԾ뵽Χշ籩뿪
뿪֮ʯ¹ƽʱţȥ
صһ
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ڲԶһˣȡһСƿɫѪҺȡԪȻȻǿʼƿ
˿ƿ̶ȻΪһḻʵǿʦΪֻʦӵƿٶȡ
֮䣬ɡ
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ɫһδҲ˵
ȻɹˣеȷɫĿƬֻһҲСˡ˵˾ƿʦǽǹŹִе
ղײһСɽˣ˿Ǻһ»̬ȻĬĬС
һŽɫοȻԼڴ˵꣬һҲʵԺ˵۹ĵλҲˮǴߣȻһֻõ˽ɫο˵Ѿ㹻ˡĬĬд˿һ㡣
û𿨴еȷǳȻõ˽𿨵ƿطоһ죬ҲֻܽϤһƳɽɫƬǲ֪ɫһˡĿƬ
Ǽ򵥣һҸСɽͷԾˣʯ̫СֱףղһСɽͷѾײˣͶһְɡĬĬ˵ָŲԶһ·С¥ľʯ˵
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һǰǽкôʧ٣֮˱ǿʼƿѡϤһĬĬȻֻǱοղĬĬлΪ׸ߵɫ˾˵ǽɫοǿҪһŽɫ汾һΡ
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飡
Ÿɫȭڰ׷Χ֮ڣʱʯֱӱ飬ĬĬҲǴʧɫѾû֮ء


ڶʮһ ʦԣʮһ
ʯˣСһʯû뵽ǿĽɫһȻ
ֱǳɱֹʮ
ҲڴҪԭƳɽɫֶҪһõĴУһɫļգҪɽɫԲһ׵顣
һ֮ԿױΪһ̣ҪǣͼùһΪ꾡оΪˣɫȭ
ͲˣҪľ裬ȻӦĽɫǿҪߺܳһ·ٶʱڣĽɫֻһſѡ
ĬĬеһֻĬĬûеõ𿨴УֻõһοĽطѾ㹻ûôա
Уһδշ籩һΪ޴ʯϡ
˿ĬĬеҰУһγǸӰ߶ĬĬеĽȻǳ⡣
˲𣬶ţȻڶ̶ʱھ˽𿨣˽ĳɾͲõȫ𿨴УҪתΪԼҪŬ˷нϵӡҲʧɾΣȫԼ˵ţ߾Ҫʧ
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ҲϻֱȡһſƬһ޴֡
еõһ֪ʶ㣬֪ܲܿ
Ȼ֮ǰ֩볲ѨеõǸǸ׷ɱŮ˺ܿҲΪȻ￭ĵʦӡǻڣʲôҪȻֻȥʾצˡ
ʦĵʦ΢΢һ㶣ѿڶƻ֮ôƻ֮
ϲȻԼһˡ
󴸵ľȥԼΰγ󴸵ϸڣ±¶Լδ֣֮ʦĵʦҡͷⲻܣƻ֮ƻ֮һֻƻʹãԴƻ֮֫塢֪٣ûƻԪҪܡ
˵Ѿ֪ԼǶһˣȻʦĵʦϸ鿴Ƿʲô
Сһ벻㾹Ȼƻһս룬һ൱ߵĳ̶ȣֲÿԴƻ֮ڶԪ㾹Ȼմһϵ治֪Ǹǻʦĵʦһпֵֻܸ㣬ǳƻһƻɱߴԪż֣Ԫ綼ıԵסҵĻǧ֪Ĵڣǻƽһ廹ƻһ壬Ź㣬СѾͷôôһ鷳
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һԵĬĬпŵϵҲĿɿڴղŵĶԻҲˣȻ֪ⶫǺö˭˭ù
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˦ǸŹֵĬĬҲûӣ˭˵ȥֻҪԺⴸӣô˭֪ȻҲҪˡ
֪ĬĬаοԼĻλֵܵļֱӸ߶ԷԼѹûеĹ
ĬĬУҲֵͬˣҾ͸ҴԭǾ˲Ҳˣңұطˣǻƽһƻһʲôʱδزǣǹķ׳־ԡ
ĬĬбеˣ⻰Ҳȼļͳ嶯һ˵ĶԣҴӵһۿ֪ǻΪܺõѣ˾߱£ҲУǸˣαթСˣ
˷˰裬Ȼ¿ʦԣΪѧϰطѾǵ˼ʱ䣬ٲץʱûˡ
˿ʼѰ·괫󣬴֮ÿԺܿҵһ·괫ãֻǿжշ籩ʯѰҡ
ĬĬ⣬ȻѧͽҲ鷳ľǴշ籩ΪһСľͿ档
һ֮ĬĬѾҵ˾Ÿ·괫ֻҪҵһӦþͿԴ͵ǧʯȡ
ڣʮ·괫˲ϵѰҵˣ˻ѧͽȻȻΪһЩ鵢һЩ¼رס
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ĬĬеļȥ֪ˣ
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֮ǰΪһβԿٵ߼ʦ˿ѾվǸǧʯһԣԴڵǧʯʮֹ
ǧʯʵǿ˵һ۾֪ԼĵʦҲԲǧʯĶ֡
ոոϵĬĬкܿһ˵õһſƬдűţһ֪Ŷӿ
ʲôŶӿ
һѧͽĺԼĬĬ˵ǰոϵȺ˳ĿƬǰһʯ̨ٻ̨ѧͽһһϵǸӦ̨Ͻٻ˭ܺɽĳһշǧʯôǿԳΪʦˡ
Ȼ˭ԵƣΪǰһ˳ɹôҲͲˣΪʦֻһ


ڶʮ ʦԣʮ
ǸĬĬЩʦ˵Ŀ˿ĬĬһĿɿڴı飬Ȼվá
һ˲ĬĬˣһ֮Իô꾡ĽŶӿ˵ѹΪΪĬĬ룬ΪֻҪĬĬĿɿڴı顣
ۼɨһ۶ԷŶӿ֪һҲԼ粻˶٣֮ǰҲǱˡԴƽˡ
˿̵ѧͽѾжʮˣ˵Ѿмȥٻ̨ԹˣȻʧܸգúһ˿ϣ
Ƭ̣ٻ̨һѧͽЩʧ䣬Ȼٻʧˣ٣ΪٻʧܵˣֻҪŵ棬ԾԵĻᣬҲ˵һ˲ֻһλᣬͬҪǧʯͬҲһ׵飬һٻɹ˾ָԵһʧܵ˻лᣬΪ֮ǰѾһٻбȺ˸ľ飬Եǻġ
߼ʦһǧʯһԿţڣ˭ΥֻʵʵŶһȥԣͳ˵ǵʵҪ֪һʼμӲԵѧͽʮֻһ˵ˣеˣе·ʱڲܵȻӱʦֻЩ˵г֡
ȻûֵԼ²⣬ٻǧʯǳѣľ߰˸ϵٻ̨ȻһʧմŵͿɼһߡ
ʱ߼ʦеһ߳һûٻɹô۽ôһβԣû˳ɹ˵ǻûдﵽΪʦʸ񣡡
һ⻰ڶѧͽ·֮ɫȻ˭һγɹ
мѧͽһɹǳɹ˼ֻǧʯֻͷЩ뿪ȻҲʧܡ
ֵ֪ĬĬС
һҲǳ࣬ϵıǳ˵ʵʶһʱͷһοһôš
ɵ㣬Ҳͨ㣬ҵ̫ãĬĬеļһЦ˵
ĬĬһŭȴ¶˼˵ͨЦȥ֮ûˣʱɱޱӣ
˵꣬ĬĬгٻ̨
ȻĬĬ֪ô˵ȫΪţΪһŻǱ϶á
˵ĬĬеǱܸߣһٻһֻɫΪ׳˶ǧʯȻǧʯĬĬзǳȤȤǣǧʯϾȻëǧʯеࡣ
ӺǧʯǷˣȻĬĬеĻܴ˵һΣͿԳɹһֻǧʯ
ĬĬһ죬ȻԼıʮ⣬һֻǧʯ
һȥȻ
Ϊʦ˵ķѾǧʯԲԼģҪΪһʦͱӵԼǧʯõһǧʯڶЩԥ뵽ʦݴԼıǾһԡ
ĬĬҲ֪ϾĬĬпǼķģֹһεıһǧʯǰ»ȥһֻϵġĽ
飬ĬĬҲ⣬Ȼһˣȴе뷨
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վٻ̨ģֻҪͷųԪȻҪǵȴˣȴ޴ɽǧʯĸӦͬ
ȵվͷųԪȻµٻ̨ԽԪֱͶȥͬһźŷһһɽϵǧʯ嶼ԸӦȤģȻǧʯһ
վ̨ϣ̨ҲѧͽСۡ
ողһͳɹˣûϵһѾ˾飬ڶο϶ɹһϹ̨һεѧͽ˵
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ԣǿиƨãҪõǧʯͬɲǹ⿿ͿԵģҪԪĻۣһϰѧͽ֪ôҿõǧʯעĻᶼûУѧͽЩߣǡñĬĬģûӣĬĬˣãһ̸ѧͽʲôȻ˵ֵܵĻ
ѧͽҲĸ֮ʵѹûĬĬеľ棬ֱЦǻ˭أԭĬĬУֵܣĪҲˣĬĬȻֵģôҲҺǶһѣͶëֵܲǧʯע⡣
ĬĬ̱ŭʲôҵģҶʮԪ˭Ҷ˭ӣ
ѧͽһҲһĬĬоȻ˸У֪ĬĬеݣ˵۹Ļӣֻк֪֪ͲɵĺĬĬִˡ
ﻢ£ĬĬһ䲻Ҷĵӣ׶ĸѧͽ·ѧͽ֪ҪǧʯעǳѣȻҲֻһǿϣԪǿҲɻǼϰѧͽˡ
뵽˲һͦãˣҲʮԪ
а˳ϵĿӮԪǺܿӮֻһﲻ֪Ϊ̫æûʱѧͽȼ֪ǻڵĳҲˣҪ֪ʮԪ˵Ҳò֣֮ԸģΪ϶
ⲻ֪ĬĬͬ˶Լ˭ܷڣĬĬһóѰĻЦ߼ѧͽоЩԾˡ
ܵģǸԲǧʯġ
˸˵һȻֹΪǿٻ̨ϣĿһĻ
ǰͷųԼԪ
Ԫͷųȥ֮ɽϣһǧʯӦ˲ʹʵ˯˹


ڶʮ ʦԣʮ
һֻֻԽԽǧʯӳ˯ѹΪǸо˾ԪһɾԪУһǵζ
ǧʯ˳Ѩ
õ˻ӦֻĽΪ⣬ΪǵõһӦǺܶࡣ
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߼ʦҲĿɿڴ
ɣ˵ǧʯҲǶʮֻȫҲôడ
棬ǻһЩĸϡʯһֱڳ˯״̬һҲǱˣʲôͷȻʯĹעȴʦϵѡӵʱûѡ˿ֱԼϹۣ츳ĵѡȴѡһͨģھǺҲˣʱҲǲò̾۹⡣
߼ʦǻܱ򶨣ŶӵĶʮѧͽѾǳըˡ
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ѵģôģҪһֻʯĹעҪ߾ȫȥɵģȻôʯ壬ƾʲôһĻʵѧͽ
Ҳѧͽʧ̬Ϊ֮ǰĬĬжԶĵѧͽ֮һһѧͽѾһҰףʮԪǺü겻ԲȶԻܳʵҲ˶Ӱ졣
Բܣ϶ɺϣԣɺϣЩʯɺϳģǱٻŰɣûʯͬǸһҰ׵ѧͽͻȻץסһݣæ
һҲֿܣϾһѧͽٻ̨ʮֻǧʯ壬¾ۿҲʵǲš
Ƕϣֻһɺϣһ⣬ͬѧͽʵ̫ˡ
ʵǲпģʮֻǧʯ֮ȫȥٶȿֱϣͷռ˾ҼҼռǾ䵽ͷͷռ˾䵽첲ϣ첲ҲˣǾֻܱˣͼʮֻǧʯ·ᱦһһĴ˹ȥֱӱЩʯû
߼ʦɵˣʮѧͽҲɵˣΨһһ˷ܵľĬĬС
˿˹һЦȻǰĺԼԶĵɫѾûһ˿ѪɫѧͽȻ˵Ԫɣžǳ̨ϵ磬ܷһôʮҾҪһְɣ
ЩʶȻ½̸ĬĬеģĬĬд˿̼ŵ漣ʼNɪˣ·̨ϵ
˵ʵҲЩȣû뵽ԼȻʮֻǧʯЩһѾԼΧˮйͨϾͱֱֻ߰ϣϣԴϣԼڵ϶ʮֿЦ
ЩʯһĶһӣͲߡˡ
ǲ˵ģֻоϴ񣬳Ϊſԡ
һεʦ˽ˣ漣漣ʦʷϴûгֹ漣ʦٴ˷Ҳǲòʵ֪ĳɾǻᳬʦ¡
ڿԴЩѡһΪĻ飬סһѡֻӵһֻǧʯҲһΪҳϵѺǿʦҫҲʦڣѡɣһʦٴ˿˵ѹѧͽǵ̸ҲѹĬĬеćNɪ
һˣֳʱǰڵѾ൱ˣѾǧʯͬҲ˵һʦԿ϶ʤˡ
ѧͽȻвʣҲûӣѾһ˿־壬֮ǰǸĲԩ
ʱȴǷһ˶Ԥϲ顣
ͼڳ˼ͻȻָϵĿһ⣬һֻɫǧʯ˳
ɾǰķ
ڰķӣȫûԭֹԹ˿̵һŭ죬ɳһ˻УſԴϵһʯȥ
ûߣķĺֱӽԷ߷ɳȥԶצһץһſϵʯҲǱ˳ȥ
ʯǴңǵǿ尢ķȴһ¶ηɫͬʱԭ̨´ʼնֵļΪǸڵĴǧʯ˿۾һ·𿴵˶ô˼顣
̨ϣķ磬˺ҧߣƤſϵʯȫߣЩʯ徹Ȼûһҷһз̫죬ȵ˷ӦЩʯѾȫˡ
ʱȫžһĻת۾ʦٶûϵǷӦȴǶŴ˿̳лİķʧ壿찡˵еʯϡ߹Ѫͳӵߣûۻɣ
û˵ֻдʦ¡еǧʯôҲУѵʦ
ԣԣʦμӣǴطŪֻ
ҿһ߼ʦ̼һſƬȻһֻѾ˲ԭˣ
һʦٶˣȻֻеõһѾʯȴģԺҲʹֻҪ˼һֻǵʧȥ
ƺԸʯ壬λ¸ôȴʦʱ˵
Ǳȡǧʯͬûһչ涨ʧܣ
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ٴһ£̨ϵšİķЩĿɿڴȻһΰķķӦ̫ˣȵķ쭣䵽ϣȻצס
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û˵ֻİķȻȻȻٻ̨
Ȩ
˵Ļ֪Լһνʯ壬ôķԶٳΪԼʯ
ȻˣԸһλᣬԺûʲôƻҪķȴǾԲУǰķԭҲС
ЩѧͽȻ󶼲֪ʲôȨ൱˷ܣΪһǾлˡ
ɨһĬĬУ룬ȻŰķ˼ķһĹĵģǵ˵ͷȻſϣ˻һղѾߵʯ壬ڿҲظһ˻Уֻ֮˵ʲôȴ֪


ڶʮ ʦԣʮģ
ĬĬˡ
ڶ֣ȻмѧͽһɹûлͬɵȵĬĮ֮̆󣬵һǸëֿʯ䵽ĬĬмϣΪ
һĻ̨µ˶Щ۾ĬĬȻʵȴģϸҪһЩĬĬеǿΪѪͳһһʼ˭
ôһҶõˣȻڵڶ־͵õһֻǧʯϿɣǧʯԻһϡƷ֣ⲻò˵˴۾
ĬĬȻϲȻһͨԵ˾ҲҪˡ
ΪʲôĬĬпͨԣһֻǧʯϿɣ˲֪ĬĬԼ˭
Ϊȷе˵ΪǸɫǧʯķΪķкԭĬĬôһȤëŻѡĬĬС
ëĬĬеǧʯĬĬģ֣ëûбʾԣȻһۺĬĬһ˵ġ⡯
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Ҫ뿪գҲͨǧʯȺһռ֮ţֻǵţֻܴ뿪ȴͨ
ѧͽ뿪ʱ˭ûע⵽һָֻ׸ǴСิ·ļ׳Ϣ䵽ĺ󱳣Ȼһ˿ռ֮š
ƽ̨ϣĬĬѾʦǰнʽÿһλʦĵһ£ȻҪʽֻʽֻʦμӣЩѧͽȴǲܼġ
ĬĬиʦڵƽ̨һʦеľ˿ȻûʲôԼδҲƻ֮ڵʦĵʦ
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ദʱ䳤ˣ֪ʦֵԼεˣ϶Լĺõмʦɾ֮һ
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˵ֱӵ˹ȥ
˭ҪǿǿҲһ˿̵ΪЩ˼ֽӹСӣǻʲô굼ʦ㽫̸ңʦʧ٣֮Ѷ㽻ҽоٶȿ϶Ҫ죬ʱʲôģҲҡ
ֵˣʦԼôã̸ҲԼĸԸ
Ǳ߿жԵʦȻ˵Ǵֺƻ֮óҿ
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ʱ䣬ٹҲûмˣͷǣֻǵĶСģ⼸Ѿϰߣ֪ȻʦȥԸĮʵ϶ԼܹģôһʦȻֵҡ
пʦڣҪʹʦƽ̨ĴȻû˻ֹһ󿨴ʦܿͨƽ̨ĴҵǴλãͿ˴

ǣ뿪ʱ䣬νǾ˲ٷ꣬ΪԪʧԪΪһ壬ʱиǰɧš
Ȼ嶼սģҲкܶġ̶ӡǰҪ󿪷ǵгǷչ
ƣĿƼһ
ʹԪĵӲƷװԶЩϲƷȻҲ˺ܶöϡʯƿϣֿƬһȺŮŮū
Щ壬ϼͶȻһ硣
ΪҪõȥֻǺںϣͬŴͨһֻոĻ;裬ǵķչڱס
ϼȴǷԣΪڻûͼ£óȻŶҵȻ洦»ΪѾ۹öΣۼصĽҲһۣûһ
Σֻʱ£˻
Ǵʱ̱˻ҡ


ڶʮ 㣨һ
ڳѾۼ˺ܶ壬Щûе⣬Ǵ˴ƷҪﻻȻϲǽǣǾ֪ʱкܶ˶ЩнףȡƷΪºѽֹ糨ͨǵķչҲһ£˿˵
ϼҡͷЩһЩƲֵܼܵ͵ĶȡǵԶȡǵԪӲƷһЩҪĶҲǷԺֻ̣ͨҪ׼ܻܿᱻһЩͼ˿ӣΪһ̣ͨƱҪЩǵ˴򽻵ʱǵĺĻʧܵΣգ壬Ҳǲͬ⣬ֻҪ׼
ԼұһСʱǰŪˡ
ò˵򽻵ǱȻᷢ飬ǰ˵ľǿΣգʱƣӵ˿ԪͻȻ֣ЩҲˡ
һҲҲ֪ʹҲЩ֪ѾǰֿʳĹͷǸı˲ԣѾǺ򽻵ѡǸֽ̡ͨ
˻壬Ϊ棬ƱҪʺԴԪʯ嶼Ҫ쳤ҪЩӵǹеǷɻҲҪսƷıϳˣҪǹеӵǿҲҪǾҪʳƬЩһӴг
һζĽֹȻвͨģȫκ׼ͻȻţȻҲУԶϼĿǶԡ
뵽Ѿ˾ϣȴû۵ļͣ
ˣΪͨǱȻҪеģųԺ˵ĿԣҪȥǾͱˣǾͬϼ˵ģҪ׼ĴǣԲЩҽӼѡͨҵ˲ţҪҵרŶԺҵйܿأôҲ֪壬ϼ¾ͽǡĻû˸ҲҲҪлϼǣڵʱɱֳϵͳȨκԳĲ͵жǲȡĶǿײеѹ
ʥּκ˲ܷԡ
ͱ᳹ȥкһɵֻǾͬ˵ģͲˣϾѧϰںҵġ
̡ܿͨҵϢʹǡʨǡ³Ǻۼء
ЩʵǿڵײƴھǽھӵЩ˲ţȻ˵һɳĻᡣ
ʨƶߵ֣֮һ
һˣӹ൱ѣҲûӣ̫࣬ʨôһǲڶĵطѾۼǿ̫࣬ҲΪʲôǡʨǿԾۼĵԭ
ǾֻҪͶҾԱ
ԱѾһӲָ꣬ͬķһһЩʻŮ̸ۼ޵ʱ򣬿ԷܲԼԱҲһǵָꡣ
ȻҪӳһЩʱƣԪռռھߵԽԽ࣬ûоѵķˣʮµĶͯ
֣һŮӣΪһЩ¹ʵһȲмֻڼչŮΪûʲôֻ֣ʨĹ﹤׬ȡ΢Һڣǿãֻ֣ӺŮҪӡ
һʮһ꣬һ꣬ѵʱʶģǵĸĸ֣һӳУС;ۼĸ𣬶·ϣӵĸĸûмߣ֣ҲǸʱնһȣ˲м
֣򸾴ӦһԸĸҪչǵĺӣ֣һŵĺӣһ˽еص
һˣѶȲν
磬֣ľӢʿרңרŷ񣬿ֻÿȥװԪӵÿװ˰ٷнҲࡣ
ǳҪҵʱ֣˼ͷ˸٣ֱ㣬ǹͷҲһˣߵʱϣ֣ܱѡϡ
֣Ҵܳȥӣͷ˵֣װһҪôһˣǣһ˳ԱȫҲеǣҵĺãţܻţ˵һȲмȶûˣҾÿҲⰡ
˵ţͷ˹ȥˮ
Ȼ̫ʹ࣬ҵǻţҵܳΪʨǵһԱԾ˵˵Ѿǿ̫ࡣ
ʨǵһѾ˺óĶ飬˵Ҫҵܶ˶˭֪ܼ²ţ϶ںöˣٴϻʵԵԼôһŵģˡ
ʵܲпᣬҵҪľӢôͨʿǲͨģֻЩھӵ˲ſԡ
˿վһԣŶӵȺҲϣҳһЩ˲ţӶһ˲ţһ겻˼Ҽ붼Ҫ룬һҪָ˼ҸɵĲˬʱۡ
ڣֻҪ㹻ʳЩӢʿͻἷͷ
ҲֻǿʱﴫһϲһͷȻͨ˿ˣ¼ˣƺְλ͡
˿̣ǸһȳȵŮ˺ʧʹޡ
֣ģĳҵĸˣҲΰɣȳŮ˼ԸӣȻְ֪λΣϾ֪򵥣ҵĸ൱ְλˣӦÿһӲŶԡ
ܺãҲЩȣû뵽Ȼ֣˸ߵְλ񲿵ĸǵͬǲˣΪȻϧϣεģϵһϰ壬ټĵλʱͳ˵мＸԼҵʵˣ̻λͣԵϧϣͼ񱳾ˣѡĸʵδĲ
ȻˣҲȥԷ
֣һϲúĽĹעУʱǸо˹һ塯ڳҺĳ̰
̧֣ͷһһһȺ˵Ĵӵ߹ΧЩǹľսʿȫ˾
һӣ֣һЩˡ
ղԼļҲ˺棬ٿ˵ݣ֪˭ˡ
ϼΪĸ˳ݣֱʨĵһЩطųĻֻҪɵӣ˿̶֪߹ģǵĳҲʨǵһίԱ


ڶʮ 㣨
ǺʨȨƵվǰ֣ȻܳҲ֪ԼһεǸıˣˣҲԵ
ģ֣Ѿظ֤ھѹЩ壬ѾĽҵѾ֪֣վȻǴΪģǰҪ붯֣ᾫӢԼ£һ겻϶ǰ첻¶ģֻҪһıϾͿԣȻΪȻܲ
ʱ֣СŮ˿ȴָļ㣬㣡
ʲô㣿
һ㶣ͷһŷ֣ԼļϾȻ֪ʲôʱſһֻŹֵļ׳档
ɫһ䡣
ǺεʵԪ弶֣Χκεķ紵ݶ֪˵һֻ׳棬СĳӿҲܷ֡
ȴƫƫûзŹֵļ׳档
ȻЩԾȻһߣΧҲоλʨǵһίԱɢĺơ
֮⣬ûκ׳治ͨļ׳棬ܲɫĽӽԼԼ޲˵׳ĲҪ⾿ʲôȻ
Χǿ¸˵Щսʿ͸ϧϣ˶о޴ѹ֪ʲô¡
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˵꣬ǸԼѹ֮ЩµСŮЦЦȻ߶ײ˲䵽⣬һײѾʧ١
ʨǵڻͷһμһίԱʩչײǾ˵˰⻹𣿾ȻԻ硣
֣ŮȻǰҪصͱ֣һϲ£˵˿ײѾǵʨ֮һֵУŤͷһǸ׳ȻſԼϣɫһ䣬ԪǼ׳浯ȥ
Ǽ׳ƺͲĵ⣬̷𣬷֮ȻǺϢһ֪ԼĲ²û
׳治ͨӣſԼҲԲżȻ
ȻԼ֣ҪŪףǼ׳ƺҪӵļ˦󿨣һΧ󣬽Χʮ׷ΧڵȫΧڿС
ֻȻˣǸ׳ѹûҪܵ˼ڿУƺҲڶ
ò˵֣Ů˵һԣǾ׳滹һ㣬ȻҪһЩϵ·ҲǼΪر
ͻȻӼ׳ðһԪ
һԪķǳͻȻһӾϯӦԪͷһΪѾ֪׳ʲôˣ̬ƭˣԪ޷ƭˣԪϳ׳ʵݡ
ٴУķɳ޽֣ץһŽɫһȥЩΪĶֻһֻССļ׳棬֪Լһ㶼Ϊ׳̫Σˡ
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ֻƬ̣ŷ·һ￪ʼںϣһףͬͰϸĳӡ
Ǽ̺С֣ȥʮֶģһβͺݺݲϰѡ
Ϊǰ֮ûмѾˣС׳ɵĶֻһý飬û֡
Ǹ֪ԼЩ磬ֲߣʨ̫ǶԼĵ̿ȫˡ
ߣֻȴǲϲΧ͹󣬻俨󣬵Ҫ֣Ҳȫʱ˭ݡ
ڣѾɴĹſ˴죬๾࣬³һˡ
ͫһץ޽ָ˽δҲѾֻҪ߶̾ͻᷢ͹
ӴһŮˣֻͷٿȥˣಿλʮֹŹ֣ŴнʵƤŰֻ֩㣬⾹ȻǸɫŮˡ
ѵղǸ׳ɵĹ״Ǵ˵еġռ涴ͬһռ䡣뵽ͼݣƵĴ˵û뵽쾹ȻĿˡ
Ůһ֣ôһ㰵ɫͫȫǳǵĺ⡣
ΪΣŮ൱һ·׷Ȼǳշ籩׷ǸʱһǽԼΧû뵽ǣȻһ·׷
ŮҪ׷ʲôҲ֪Ӧþһƻ֮
˵ʵǰ治㽫ƻ֮ȥ֪ƻ֮ѹһ鷳͸ı뷨
˾Ů˵ôңһ·׷ңҪǸôãҲӸ㣬ԺҲңϴӣӳ涴հɣ
˵꣬ȡǸƻ֮ĿƬȻ·һ˳ȥ
ŮҲһ㶣־ץס˿ƬȻһۣһ˫ɫ΢΢תһһҲ֪ڿʲô
ѹҪǸƻ֮֮ǰǿƬȥȥͻ̷ɻͬƤճһΪʲôҲв²⣬ΪԼδֵԵʣ˵ǿƬ׷Լţʵ׷δƻĴֲţǶ˵δѾԼɻȱôܶ
Ů˸ãֱӽֵĴӶϣֱӴӿռ涴գʱǴӾҲܴԽռ׷ɣ
һȽŮô⣬Ҳ˴⣬νһá
Ů˾Ȼҡҡͷ½Ƭ
ҲҪҲ㶯ֻ֣Ҫһ£Ůɳƣ˵ľȻǵԪԡ
㻹û꣬ˣﲻҪ
Ůʵɲ⣬ûޣӦһԪԷԪɣұŮҪܶ࣬ԼڵʵȻʤ˶ԷֻôҪʲô
ҪҸƻ񣡡Ů׳һը
ĿɿڴôҲû뵽Ů˾ȻǴ⣬ΪʲôҪƻ
ƻҲ֪һЩǵڶԪƻһǿ飬Ͱ弤ս˵屻ָ˺ܶಿ֣ԼϻһƻĴأ൱á
ƺɻŮɭɭһЦһѡһǰҸƻ񣬵ʱһ㹻ĺô㲻ͬ⣬ֻܽɱΪԪ弶ѧͽ;Ҫɱֱ練ƣ㣬ǸʨǣǣҲһôûУ˾͸һ𰸰ɡ


ڶʮ 
ҿã
дԼѡ𣿲ӦȻΪԷɱԼǺʨ᲻ߣԼߣŮķ裬Լڶ
ŮһЩǿĵըŮˣɹļжʵûаգϾŮ˾ʲôû
ֻסˣΪʲôԼҲʣЩ֪ţƾԼһӡ
ãҴӦ㣬ڸƻʲôƻŽŮ˴ж˿ŭʵ
ŮȻѡƻĴ֣ԸӦƻ壬ҲܸӦƻ壬һߣռƻ֫ҪľҵһжȻһЩ鷳Ҳ
У˵㣬ҽʲôҧ˵
ʲôУû֣Ů˺ܸɴࡣ
Ǿͽ㻨ɣһ㣬ŭŻһ֣ѹ֪ʲô˼ŮˣȻ֡
ڵѾǰǸֻ֪ɱɱͷˣʹ֮⣬ҲһЩֶǣƵˣͬ⻨㣬֪ΪʲôԭȻҪƻôԼͿһ㣬ҪԼߣԼȱһĴ֡
һβμӰٹ䣬һȥģΨһԪŮȻҪǣҲü˵ΪһԼڵʱǿŮԪĸҲġ
ƱؾҪһζˣ˻ѡ֡ǲðײãǱŮҪˡ
̵ͨѾ֣ϧϣԹܿȫ֣ǺʨҲڿٵķչܶԼǲ岻ֵģҲֵ徲ֻҪѰٹ˵㶨ôǵķչӦþͲ̫ˡ
ͻһصǣȻϼǶԸߵǸֲŮЩĪɫ£ҲסڲԣһᣬŽĿ˵˳
Ȼϼĵġ
ҪһμӰٹ飬ϼһʱʾ˷ԡ
ʱһЩӴҲ˽һ°ٹ飬һ˵μӵŴ£ԴʵֻһˣҲ鷳ҪôᱻЩΪ಻Ӱٹ飬ƲǣҪôͻᱻΪǵʵ̫ĸ뿴ģһΣҺ塢Ƕһ£սʿһȥǺһǡ
£ϼ治ѾҪЩ˸һʲô飬ҲֵһЩ
ֻһˣܿԼĳѹһѹǵԼȫԼԵʱҲûӡ
Ҳְ֪ٹ飬ֻԼһȥǵȷЩʡ
룬ҲǴӦ
ٹ黹аʱ䣬صǿ൱ľ룬ʱٹ˻רŵ·
һоֻ߱·˵
о˱棬ٹ˵·˵ˡ
Ϊһ˵Ŀһΰٹ˾ʵܶˣûٰڳǸ߸ϵӣǱֵΪ
Ȼ·ˣôʹ㼴̳ΪԼ⣬л㣬ԼĽ
ǳĽͨѾ³зԪɴһҴ󴬸װɵģ󴬳һʮףʮף㴬գٶ˴´࣬ɴΧĸ޴ĸԪ棬Ϻܶطʹ͵Ԫ࡮зġ֮Ϊ˽Ԫɴ³ǼȫжɭʿλߣһԪɴϰװϵͳ
Ҳ˵һƶĿгǱӵмΪǿװ˵ްҲ൱ǮҪԪһ֡
˵ʵ֮ǰ˵ǱйڡԪɴļƻĿҲˡ
ǵĵһҳԪսԼΧԪ֣ԪļĹ֮⣬սϻװʮŻڣ̴ﵽʮ׸߿շУҲԶԵѹԴʮػǹȻڣԪ弶ľްԵֵ̹ڵڵʮ֮һϵͳɽܵԿƣ֮սڻ䱸ʮսˡɭʿ˿ϲ˵ţΪרңȻؽϵͳЩѪڡ
ʣ˵ֽ׶ΣǾܽ˾޴ԪսҲԲһ׵飬ɭʿھȻĳɹˡ
Ȼ֪ĿƼǲһЩؼԵļûͻƣԪĳ֣鷳
һЩĽǿЧԴ
Ԫ棬ûܴ߶ȻշС
ްԣ֪Ƽ
Ҳ뿴ԼްԲμӰٹ飬Щкֱ͡
ҲһЩˣǵһЩġްƯϿյʱ򣬱𺳵Ĳֹ࣬Щ塣
Ļࡣ
Ԫѣ˼̫ѣ޴ս֣е໹̲סӯĻ
Դѷ༸Ԫ糹ͬԼˣƺκһĳ֣뾪֡
һξ޴ԪսҪĻҪ࣬ҲϼùͬĽۣҪǣԪսҲҪȥʨǺۼࡣ
Ԫս֣Ǿ޴ĽѾѪдס
ţ
Ԣ֮רսҲ˵Ǻʨǣ磬Ҫһλߡ
ϼһһΰٹ飬Ļ죬Ҫ༸ǿʵδҲһᣬһչּĻᡣ
ȻͬԤϵģʨǺۼҲ˺䶯ߣҲͳϣġ
СʱѾǺԼĽһԪսĸԪԲǿޱȵƶſٷС
ŵļװϣǸٹ·һ֣ȻһԪļǻ治ɪʲô
ĽԪļĸ־ʮȫԪԪ弶Ĵڣ˵˿̴һȫΧװ׵Ļˡ


ڶʮ ٹ飨һ
ԪĻ㣬ֻվǸ·˶¸ûˡ
ȻĿƼǳ棬ЩƼʳҲϲÿҪܶʳԡ
ٿŵǶʮԱǰ·˵ָԪȥ
ȻٶϣȫȲϺɫ磬ȴˣǰ·ˣҲܴӦԡ
ٶȣֻҪ죬ͿԵٹٰĵص㡮ʯ֮ǡ
һڵԪӵǧʷĹųǣʯ֮ǲκһ۹Ϊ䱾һӴʵҲΪʲôٹҪʯ֮Ǿٰԭ
Щ·˵ģ·һ׼ˣԪļ˵λͣ˿ʲôشʲôͬˡ
ſԷɵ׸߿գƲ֮ϣ߶ȣ󲿷ֹǲܵģһ·ϵ൱˳ͰȫһЩԷе߶ȵĹҲڻԪֲѹ֮ߣҿ
죬ԱѾĿſʼ½
ȵ½һ߶ȣڼװϿľɫҲǱһ׳۵ľɫסˡ
˿ǳ֮ʱһƬƬɽɽܣƬˮͬǶڴϵԶһ޳һʯɽ콨ȥΪ׳ǳǽĿɿڴٳ׸߶ȣܸߡ
ǳǽȫǾʯɣǳصֱľˣмϣֳʯʯܵʯڳǽ֮ϣ޴ĳſڣҲϰʯ
·Ѿ·˿֪ʯ֮ǾЩʯѿأۼսЩʯ˼ֱǿףΪˣٹŻѡʯ֮ǾУΪ˭¡
Ӹ߿£Կжӽʯ֮ǣЩ֮⣬кܶ಻ͬڽʯ֮ǣڳԼһĵطȴǷһЩ顣
һסһȻ˫ѾţΧڿ֡
ͨϵ̽豸˳ͻ˫һȻҲ࣬ԼʶΪ˶
Ȼ¾ǵ
Ȼ¾һĻнܵ۹Ľʿţİ˵ԼĪٶߣƻʵӦúǿŶԣǴ˿̣Ƕŵǿ
ԼĪٶ˵壬ϴŵʣеɢɫĵ绡еðųɫĻ棬еɢɫĺ˪ЩϵȻǸ߼
ںջһǸ¾ǼģǶżңҶҵԼĴ˶¾ǵľټϽܵ۹Ľʿţһ·ϸʯ֮ǣûʲô鷳
˭뵽Ҫʯ֮ǵʱ򣬾Ȼ鷳
Щֺ壬ƺһͼߵ۹ģЩ޶£ס¾ǵ࣬ҪһͨҪôʹЩĿ
ԪӿҲܴ衣
ȻӦҶҵҲᣬֻǴ˷ҶϺѧͽûҶֻһЩѧͽݣԷӦòôҰŶԡ
ͼߵ۹ҪȵҲǳ򵥣ǾȻɳһ߳ʮף̵׵ľˣӲҪԼʹеֶֻҪ˺ͼߵ۹˾ÿ
Ǹղ˼Σǽܵ۹һҲϳ޷Ǿһ
֪֮Ǹʮ׵ľ˾ȻһԪ弶ĳ֡
Ԫ弶붼ÿ£ͼԪ弶ҲܿģͬԪ弶ܵ۹Ҳ׵ֻһԪ弶ܵ۹ر£ǣԪ弶վŵģͼߵ۹
ͼߵ۹ڵԪνǶ˵˭ǣһʱ֮ҲǺް취
͵ķҲμӰٹ飿ЦЩԪ첻ܽǵľ˱͹ȥǸʲô¾ǵĵ̴ӴԺҲͼߵ۹Ͻˣͼߵ۹嵱Уһһƥͷ˫ϵһͼ߹ŵĺ
⿴һԣʵǸʮ׸ߵľ˿ͼߵ۹ǿսʿ֮һʮ׾ǴﵽԪ弶ģͼߵ۹Ҳֻ
ΣǾǹ˵ֻͼߵ۹ͨһͼߵ۹ͨ°˾ͿԳ֮ΪԷ޷Ԫ弶ľˣô˵Ԫ಻η壬ǿֱѹȣҪڰٹϣΪѹե棬ҲҪƽ֣ͼߵ۹ͿԶ̡
ڽܵ۹ȻҲһǿͼߵ۹
Ϊͼߵ۹󣬿վŴ˵еĻƽһ塣
ôĪ൱оһԻССǵҲԣ˵಻һֽڵҲһóʲôֻҪһǾ䣬Ȼÿ·ǾʵʵĳɡûзӦͼߵ۹Ĺǵ⡣
ɫѿҵҶҵ˺;飬һûЯ̹ˣȴ¾зıЯԪڡ
ԪڿԱһͷ½ޱϣҪ̹˵ˣ̹ͨϡ
Ԫڵ͸ƻҲ࣬Ǵ㣬һԪǸ˱
ôа𣿡žľʵ
Ӧò࣬ڻɱԪļʱҲڵͽؾ޷Ԫ弶ľˣҪöԷ˼Ӧò¡侲ķ
ã¾ǵͿˣ˵ҲûӣÿƬǿķ￨ܺǸˣܵ۹ҲУͲ˵ˣ˵ϣ
ҲУôһжûˡ
죬˽ʵʵһ£Ȼֻǻ˻Σȴ˿δһ£඼¶˾ı顣
ʱ򣬾ͻȻһαһž޴Ļ⣬ֱӱɳȥƬ֮һ޴ڻŴݵ˵Ķ
˶ˡ
࣬ͼߵ۹Ǹ壬ŴͣϵױؿѪѾ˱ľˡ
һ̣һڵľֱӱըΣ涼ըһ޴ӣһʱѪ죬ʯɽھ޴ڻ£ͼߵ۹һ֣ΧūҲһС
ô£ʲô˾Ȼ͵ϮǣѵҪͼߵ۹ս𣿡Ǹͼߵ۹Ĺ˿̽һѪղڻֱӽ£˿ոһǱĺ


ڶʮ ٹ飨
͵Ϯǿû͵Ϯ˵κԣֻҪܽǸ˴䣬Ǹ˱ɲֹʮף˶ˣ֪㲻ӮأһͻȻȥȴǿ¾ǰ棬֪ʲôʱȻǶһˡ
վЩϷŰĶͼߵ۹Ĺ˵ÿһ˵Ķ䡣
ʣ
˶֮һսϵڹǸˡ
ϵڣǿ³зĽڣǿףһοڽһԪ弶ĸֻɱҲ֤
ȻʵսڵЧҪһۿˣΪ˲ղǸһɵվ
˵һڵʱڻڶڻ˵עԾȻû˷
һ仰˲ſһϳģǶ
ϴ󣡡콵һ֣һϲ˹ȥһӵ
һƿһԼûʲôãҪŮȥһЦĽȻ˵ҪȻҲԥڻ
ϴ˾ͺˣһΪһҪ¾սأү˵ǺܴģһҲμʲôٹİɣղڻϴ˷ŵİɣҲϴ㼰ʱϵҪȻǾͶ˶Ѽˣƺ˵Ļ¾ǵ˶Ǵ۾Ҫ֪ӡǸ߸ϣЦˣȺ¾˵ż
ڣȻͬһСһű˴󵹿ˮһʱǸߴ˲ɶûвһ㣬˵ûꡣ
ˣ˵ô಻ҸͷôģǼȻֵܣһϴҾͲ׽У֪һˣҲǿЦãļ԰꣬Ȼǿͼߵ۹Ĺ塣
Ѿǵ˱ŭıԵ
ɵ࣬ǸղʹõʲôҿԼôɱͼߵ۹ʿ忪ʼΪʧҽˡ
Ҳһָ죬˲žֵķ֣ͷƲ㵱УȻðһȻ
һʮ׵ľսԶԿ߰׳Ǿ޴ڹܣ·˿־Ĺ
ĽϣѪĴƺԴۡ

˶ˣһ;ԿȥһȭͷۼķսڳӿһǿݵԺС
壬
һֱƲ࣬ΪǵͼΪֻǵĴūͣڣȴս¾֣
Ƕô޴ķǶôˬʱ̡
¾ǵľߣָӹٻʿ˿̶һΪǷ֣Լ¶໹ûг壬ҲƾԼ𣬳Ϊһ֧ٸ۸塣
ʱ򣬲֪˭һ䣺꣡
£¾ǵ඼źĸ֣Ȼ¾һֻٶ࣬Ǵ˿̣ٶ˵ȴȫʱƣսϵҲʼĸ֡
ڳ壬Ŀɿڴ˵
ŴǵҲ̫ˣȻҲû뵽ྐྵȻȻԻɱԪ弶ĸ֡
Ԫ弶ڵԪǾǶڣһԾ˸ǣκһӵԪ弶ĸ̷ֶչ׳󣬿˵Ԫ弶޵еĴڡ
ڣ˼ھȻͺɱһԪ弶
ôЩҪɱԼҲһ¡
еðһΣУǴûΣоȻڱΪϿռȡ˵ϡ
ĻĳĬ
Ĭ
ڣܲǿҵķǸͼߵ۹Ĺǵһ³ˡ

ðһǿԪ̧־˦˼ſƬٻū͡
ͼߵ۹ʿٻǿūͣЩϵǷɱۣһͼߵ۹սʿٻǵūֻͣԷеķޣԪȼҲԪԪļҡ
½ϵūͳ¾ǵ࣬ٶֻ˻ţеš
ЩеͳʮףǼΪײеķޣŷ˺ѸצӺݣеĿͷų׵棬ֻγһǿĿˡ
ϣθָӹѯ·˹ķ̽ͨߵ㱨
˿ϴһߵı棬ͼߵ۹ūͣʱҪǵˣڼҪͼߵ۹ҲҪץסʲôһ֮ǻôߣô¸ɱɱЩ׳壡
ս˻Υ
ͼߵ۹϶಻ʲôٶǿֱӳûԷǸսռΪеʱ򣬾ͼǿееĻǹڶʼǹƶһʮŻǹͻһ𷢶˹
ڵţһڻͽһֻ;޴ķ޺ӣһԪļķޣڵ˺󣬾ԪļԪ弶ڿԶԪµĹЧͻǹֻܶԸԪԪһˡ
˵սɭʿǿĿƼƷҲൽĿǰΪֹΪǿֻҪôһңɱԪһˣսǰѹûȥ壬ֻܱأڣõ˸ĸı䡣
ڻйھӵЯ޴Ķܣ˺ƺͻԪԪֻʮӣֻȫɱͼߵ۹ٻĳһǧֻūͣҲȫսϵĻڻɱЩÿӿԷǧӵĻȻ󣬶Ҿֻϵͳ𣬿ЧĿд
Ҳ˵ϵͳڹ֮ǰѾɨҪĿ꣬ʱҲöӦӦȼū͡
ϱǧٿף˸оͷƤǣֻͼߵ۹ūȫǺ
һ²ͼߵ۹ˣΧֵҲǵһ
̫ˣЩˣɱͼߵ۹ˣҲѴ֮˭ԪļūͣҲһں顣
µɱ¾
꣡꣡
ʱͷļˣԴѷûˬ
ǵģ̫ˬˣ
˭뵽Щڼ߹ǿޱȵ壬һ쾹Ȼڿս


ڶʮ ٹ飨
ͼߵ۹վһӵġ
һУû飬Ȼһ¶ߺ޵ɫղһǧֻū͵³ǿɶǿ
ֻǲʮӣһǧֻū;ͱɱϼӲ޴ʯҲķ飬ūǼӲƤͻף޷ֵЩµĹǿ֮
ͼߵ۹Ĺ˵ˣҪ˭ǸɱۡȻڿЦͼߵ۹Ҳһ㣬Ǽ֣Էĺܻܿɱ֡
ĸҪ
һ߼߼ǵ⣬ͼߵ۹˵ȻҪȻﳣΪ׳ȵҪ׳ʱˡ
ЦǾڲǰͼߵ۹Ҳ˵෴͸ɱ۵Ļأ
ڿǸһЦ
˵ݻ˭˵˵ûЧܲܲҪģڴ˿̣Ļһĭһû˸ɣƾľսսǿֲ
һսĵһʵսЧ൱ԣɭʿ˵ͬĺĸһԺҲǻսһЩСͻһͿγһָΪǿսǸʱľ
ôһ֣ͼߵ۹˴ŵĴڣҲֻȽʯ֮ǡ
һ־ʹճ
ͶǱһҲʯ֮ȥ
һһϣԭĴԱһսȻҲܶսв
һƭķʽûսϣ˵ܿͻȥѰƻĲ壬⣬صʿսϻսˣֻҪеϵսǻչ
뿪Ҳս֣ΧһЩ͹ʦõĿ󣬾Ԫ弶ҲԹơ
˵ģԪҪԸսҲȥ޻ء
ٽǾеľ
Ǻʨһ࣬ĽǴﾫϸѡģʮԪļĶӳӣϵԪĶװףھ׻ǹԪսУ䱸㹻ķ￨
һ֣öΪĽ
Ľ¾ǵ˼ֱӣǴӾ״̬װ϶ûӱȡ
һЦû˵ⶼϼǸģʵϻЩӻȻõûģٿԽЩҲס
Ľ۴ʵƻװϣһ㶼ʿһٶŸͷɫ׵ʿҲǷ׷ͶĿ⡣
Ԫ͵ԪײҵҪ˭ܸʤһ
Ϊ֮ǰһͻսֲڻû˭ǣȫԶԶġ
ЩҲ֪Ĳ֣ͼߵ۹£ֻ˭ϵȻһռ˱ˡ
·Ҳ֪һα롯кܶ࣬ȻǰٹѾΧˡ
ٹʽʼ⼸ڣ½
ϴ󣬻ȥϲι۲ιôһڴһŴʵ̫ˣ¾Ҳӵôһҿսô˭
ãʱȥ棬ڲУǵôӦٹˣЦ˵
˿Ѿʯ֮ǵڣʯ֮൱׳ۣ׸ߵĳǽʵһ㣬Ϊ޴ĳǽˡ
ĺҲţ޷󾿾ʲôܹһǽ
ʯ֮ǵſڣаߴʯ
뿴ͶʮֳԾԭΪֻǴʯ׵ˣϸһ֪ѹʯˡ
ȫʯɵ壬ʹõʯʵصģȥ쳣غͼӲϵʯվԸһ޷𺳡
Щʯ˴󲿷ֶԪļ
Ԫļһκˡ
һЩͨЩʯʯ֮ǵʱ򣬶оֲѹ࣬ǴЩʯˡ
Ҳһ
ûκθоԪ弶ĸ֣ұһʦҪǿ߲ŵͲˡ
ڴһ̤ʱƱǣĶٽ¾ǵڶྫ񣬾ȻҲ̸оѹпϲ֪ǵֵ˾󲿷ѹһСģҪ׳󲻿ɡ
ǶеľӢһһжӴ壬Ȼκʧ
Ĵ£ٶ˵ĶƺƵ߽ʯ֮ǡ
·ߣ˿̷һЩԺУΪǿչܵõء
ʯ֮ǣ֪жôľ޴ﵽʯף·ͨ˴ʯɵĽҲصһǣȿһ޴Ĺ㳡һ˹
·˵ʯ֮еġʯ̹塯ǵԪǿ壬ڵԪ統Ȼʮֵ͵ʦʥһǰʶĿۼʵȴһ㶼
ʯ̹ڷΪȼľʯɵġʯˡٸһģǴ˿˵ġˡǴɵʵȻҪʯ˻ҪǴ˿߹ʵѾԪ弶ĳڡ
˵֮ϣСʯˡʯ˲ʯ̹ΪǿĴڣҲ쵼ߡ
ΪСľʯˣԪ
ԶĿˣӭʯ֮ǣʾǵ뺯ϣϵıʮֽӲȻҲ¶΢Ц
Ͷֱ뺯ϡ
֮󣬾͵
˵꣬Ͷһ߳˹㳡ŵ·ߵһȥʮ־޴Ľǰ˵ǰŵԪϢĵطǽȥɣٹٿʱǲ뿪ǣҲһס
˵꣬ͨ˼鷢ŹʯͷţȻȥ
ϴô˵Ȼʲô¶Ҫѯ¾ǵҲûоκֵĵطΪ¾Ҳǵһˡ
ô˵ȽȥҲһĹҲûʲôǲо仰ǿѹͷ𣿡Ǽ֮֮˽ȥ
⽨ڿޱȣͬһͨͷǻȻʣһ޴Ĵ
־޴һʼ룬ٶ˰һǵҪһ¥ſ԰ɣ
ǽ֪֪Լ֮ǰϹˣ˵ˣٶʮû⡣


ڶʮһ ٹ飨ģ
۶ǿտذǿʯ壬ͷ컨ʮ׸ߣм䣬һʮ׸ߵĵ˫ֳ컨壬ȻһصĴӣֻΪۣԲŵ̳˾˵ӡ
һܿ
Ͷǲǵһˣ˿Ѿۼˣһռ˴ǣһռ˶ǣ٣ǱٶˣǱҲнˡ
̣ҲһַӦľӣܽͨĳʯ̳ӣһܿʯ̹ĻԻ͡
Ͷǲǵһˣ˿Ѿۼˣһռ˴ǣһռ˶ǣ٣ǱٶˣǱҲнˡ
˵ǵԪϢĵط˵ˣרϢȻ͸ϵҲࡣ
ֻЩľòЩʧˣ˶һ˵ڵϢϵҲʮƾɣͬӻĵһ㣬ȻҲдΪ̵Ļףֻ󲿷˶
ովѺ֮ڵӣҲֻǵĿٷչкת
˵ĵԾˣһӵе˯컹ͬѡ
ϸ˶ǶˣһǺڲ֣һǿ׳ı֡
ȻطҲһЩǿǱ֣һǿ׳ܣźʵ׺ͽףץŵȴǸַĵͷпھ
Ȼ˵ĵ裬һս˶дͷˣ˿վ˵ʲô
üͷһ壬ֱȡտƬһǾöԷйͨˡ
ò˵տĺöŵ磬ʲôֱһտܸ㶨
ʹ˿Ƭ֪Է˵ʲô
Щִ˿̺ʲôˣЩ޴ܵǲ˭òҪǡ
úܿЦЩְļһֱһȺֻлĹ˽⹷׺ݵĹǲҽеģЩҽеĶϴĹʵֻƣǼȾֵġ
ûЩһֿЩǿ׳İˣЩһҪغܶࡣ
ˣܾûмˣӵƾʷǵȷܸõӦҲμӰٹİɣһطϢɣһƬطռˣǱǺռģû±ЩӣֱһȺ޴ļһʱ򣬻ڶһ壬һףǿ׳ޱȵİ˵ԿԷ¶ֱϳ˾Ũܵë
ллǵҸ棡ǸԸһЩǵ˴򽻵˵꣬ɨһ۶Ͻǣﻹţ˹ȥ

˿ĿռȻ󣬵Ϣĵط治࣬ҲǶϱĸǣطҪôʯգҪôָǼС򣬲ʺϴϢ
ðһ뷨J˵μ߰ٹֻ࣬ɣ
һ㶣Ҳɵʶʲô϶ֹ
طһٶĻûطϢˣʱǻΪ̶һЩ¶ֱӰѻ˵͸ﶼԼˣûɶġ
ղ뵽Ҳһ㣬ͷϴ󣬸ôģ¾ҲģƾҶң;кҶżҵĹϵԺ쵼ǣҲû˻ᷴԡ
Щ¾ǵһҲмǿǿģ˵ս͸ϣܽ¾ǲҲᷴԣϾҶǻˣѪͨһˡ
꣬Ҳһ
ǰǴûҪҲûڣǱߵ鲢ǲܡ
лôΪʲôͲУ
Ƭϵ˾ǧʷʲôûܹǻ˶ͦûּ͵Ʒʡ
ʱֽ׶ɴƣͷϻеԪ硢Ԫ磬ЩǱҪǿֻܶȡԼĿռ䣬ȻҪӳ顣
ЩѾܵвٹһ̽ʹѹ黹ûпʼЩͿʼˡ
뵽ЦһȻˣԼͺúӦԡ
ʱǱ߱ǵİ˼ˣ˵Ҫߵͷ̸һ̸룬϶ͼ˹ȥ
ղźǸǿ׳ܵİ˹Ȼǵͷ죬һȥʮ׳ڵϣҲͬһСɽһҲǿ׳ˣǺûӱȡ
ãҽŵԱɽ֮ǣǶ࣬Ӧһһ¶Բߣǿ׳ĺȻԸֱʲô˵ʲôһ仰ͱ⡣
Ҳд⣬ҲǵǣǶ¾ǣ֪ŵôƻ
ƻûмƻ֪ǱȶģЩ˵ǲӰٹˣǻһǵıɽ֮ΪƽأЩ壬ҳҪšЩ˵ԴŵƺʲôһŭƬ֮ѹŭ֮ǰǰҲ̸ǽ䱸ĺǿҲЩһ򽻵ֱǽδɵĲǻ˲ͬǺܴǽѣʲôԺҲܻæ
ŵ飬ûоܾ¶һǺ£ҿȥЩԱɽ֮ǵʵҲ
ڰٹ飬ŵ֪Ҳ٣ǰϵʯ֮ǵģΪûʲô߼ͨߣ˵ŵǴһǰͳˣһЩ½ҹ̲Ÿϵ
ڼ˸ָĵѣ˵û뺯ڰ·ͱɵˡ
˵ǱߵġӡҲһ˵ߵĻҪ磬ǰͳˣȻ½·ʱһǧˣֻʣٶֲ࣬һͬѵ
ôʱЩ˼ˣҪ´ŵ
ǳſҪܶ࣬ʱ䣬ûκ鷳
ʲôʱƼǵһ
ǿ׳̵Ŀ׺ıȲһʵĽͨߡ
ʱ򣬸պôֽһȺˡ
һȺԺһװǾòҪŵǿ˺ܶ࣬һ۾֪ЩԱؼ
ΪЩ϶ߴʥʹĻ£ֻдؼ峼ʥʹЩ֮̽Ͻռ죬ͬʱɳ˼ͰڵӴ


ڶʮ ٹ飨壩
ڻ඼֪˱˴˵֮󣬴ķнˣؼǱȻһߺһ˴ĻȣǶŵн䱸Ҳѹ֣ھ磬Ѻ͵жԵĹϵȷˣڵ˶ǾģһɹȻǸٹ̣Ҫһ°γ൱ѡ
İûͻల£һʱ䣬ֽһˡ
һֻ࣬İٶˣһɱڣͷĺȻһŹֵʿʿǴӵɢĹŹԪͷʿͲ򵥡
İٶСߣٶȷɿ죬գ֮ͽ˴
ӴϿ֪Щˣ΢΢һ㶣Щ˼Ŀ˿ЩˣаˣȥڵʱǵӦѾʧںˣʱΪԪָıλǼƬʧ¿ӦԼ´ˡ
ҪȻЩĶģ
Щ˵Ȼ϶һЩ鷳ΪɹϢĵطѾķռˣطҪôз磬ҪôСŲô̹
ЩȻһԵ˿Ǹͷʿһ˫ۣһ⣬ɨĹ
ؼʱ̻һЦݣЦеӭȥ
ԭǴδ벻ӣ˴˿̹̬ǹ
Ҳѹ֣һ֮˶϶ԷΪӡˣȻǱֳ㹻ĹǴؼһ˿ˣҲΪȺ;档
ƽҲͦһֲӣܺãڼˣؼȻҲʮָˣǱ˴ʶӦھʱнˡ
˵˰ĻҲȥ˿ڵϢٽҲһûκ죬Ҫ˵ɣҲǻһֱĴͳ
ʮӺ˺ʹؼȻ˾ɣѹѣİٶ˻ҪҵطϢģϾٹ鿪ʼкܳһʱ䡣
ĵطѾռݡ
´ͷǸ˸¼ʿʹ˼ɫһֱ࣬
ɻ۾˿ȴ˵һȻ֪ʲô˼ȴҲһЦЩʵûӣȻҽߡ
Ҳѹ֣ŵǱǲǵģӺ˶ǴؼһģȻǽ˻ߡ
ֻϧͬ˵ģЩ˼ֱԼ
ʿ˿̴ߵǰʮֲмɨһۣȻǣøǣ
˵꣬ʿɢһԪʵȻﵽԪļ
ͿЩ˵ʵˣǵֻмԪļĶԪȻǲԼߣʵڲʲô
ЩԴˣͶûᣬ۶ûһۣ˴ŭγϵϢ̱ļΪһȡһſƬһ˦Ȼٻһ״ʿУֳ־ū͡
Ͻøǣ˼
⼸ŵǶڸȻǰڳһ²ؼ߸߹̬
ûжǶЩסˣҪ֣ʱͻȻ
ᣬȴǿ͸һ򶨳ŵ̬
ڣ
ٽͬĺ죬⼸ʵЩ˶һ
ɱǣͬ˵һ΢С£һڣǾİ˵
ЦЩȴΪǻơ
һ̣ٽɱ
γԪȥûһ˿һԥһɵˣû뵽ԷȻ˵ɱɱ¶˲ŵɫ
ֻЩκλᣬǰµֱӱڵأʵǲͬʱܵĹҲûãЩϵװ³зģǷˣܸǿٶȡ
µˣˡ
Ƿ𣿾Ȼﶯ֣췴־ŭû뵽ԷȻһԲֱӶ֣ԭõĺܶƻˡ
Žơ
ԼԥִУǽ˸סˣĿɿڴ֪ͣû뵽ԼλϴȻһ仰˵ֱ´
ˣͲ˵ǱߵŵʹؼԼѾŵɫ԰׵Ǻˡ
ʵǶϵľ񣬽䱸Զһʱǿӵϰɱ˵ĹڽµԪװǰȫʧȥӦеá
Щװ׿Զʱ֧ԵֵԪ빥Ԫ֣һЩϣԪֶͻơ
ֻǼ֮䣬һ롣
ȴһûˣһ´ؼǱ߼æס֣Ҫˣл˵л˵
ϧֻ
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߿̽Ԫȼ̽ǻǳ׵׼Ŀ꣬ԪļĽӳҪԪļĸ֣ʣµʿԸˣ򣬷ЩˣȻһʵϽȴһȺں֮ڡ
ǼѾֻʣʮˣ˿ʬ壬֫ϱۣѪ죬ͬ޳һ㡣
ŵ򡢵ؼǺѾˡ
ǼǼʶٶ࣬Ҳûмֳ棬һľЩôĪǲ壬ĵ̣ǺʷԹҲô
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ȻаǴ˿ûһ˸ҷΪҲˣ¶ԷһˣԼһҲˣŵ׳Ҳֻֽľ
ǿ󣬳ǿ۽磬Ҳ˻˵
˿ֻʣµ󼸸ˣǻѪ۾ǿ־֮ɫİ˳Ǽ֮ȫˣԷֻ˼ˣĽ˵벻׵顣
ٻūͣҲȫ
ǾԵǿ߶ߵѹ
ˣǶ߶µĺյ۹ˣյ۹ǵԪһɱǣյ۹Ĵǲưոݡ
˰ɣҲɱҲưոݵģ˵ǲܵ˵ǵģȻĹɱǾͲԩ˿̴ϼ˵ĻһƬ䣬ƺİٶֻ࣬Ǵؼ壬Ҳֻ壬ǹﻹ࣬ˣȴǳ׵׵幷ˣ·
ƺѾú⼸˵ֻǰڰ֣㽫⼸û


ڶʮ ٹ飨
ȫ
ȫǺ˵ʬ壬˿̶ԭֵĴ˿̰š
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νɱӺ˾ǼŵǾǺ
ûɱúãŵһ̬
ҲûؼҲǼæ˵ЩǺӸͷ˵ˡ
ƣ̫ƽʢµȻҪص䣬ٹϾͿʼɲЩԼϺȣ彫ǷһطϢҪķӦ
ﶷŽᣬǺܿͻᱻʳ෴Žһ£ͲҲıԼ档
ŵʹؼǵķӦҲ֣˭һĻẦ£ЩԳƵӲҲһλ˼һ£ԼҲ¡
ҪľǱ˵ľ£˵ͷȻָһʬʬɣ
˵꣬ٽ߻뻮һչֳһļɡ
ӦǺӣЩһھǸӣҲˣ˿˳ʰʬ壬ԷһˣȻʮȻķԸȥʯ̹ˣǰʬŪߡ
Ǹ̾ɵˣһĵӡ
ȻǻǾЩ壬һȥȥʲôסڴҡ
⻰һЩȻ֪ȥǰλɱһԼ֣ȥˣδʲô鷳ͬ˵ģԼڴĿλɱ뵽ǺӾȻǸоһԺ
Ǻ˳ȥ
ʱչΪʲôһȥ
ɱЩ˵ԭһһ˱ͿɣֵܿģҪôļϸɱǸ忴ҲǸ࿴ҺˣЩû֪֮ˣһҵĻͲ᲻ٹǾͿĻȨһΣĻȨҪĶļǺȥ֪Ϊǰ²ŻϣҲǸ˿ġ
ǰĻҶȨ϶ҪģҪȻǾͻᱻǣűߣˣ㻳ЩỰȨȻʱǵ棿ֲҪɱǣǺȥΪʲô˵Ǹϣ
һ֪ˣЦ˵
ܿ죬洫˽ŲղųȥʬǺӱһʯ̹߽滹ʮʯ̹սʿ
󵨣˭ʯ֮£ͷʯ̹˴˿ŭʬ壬Ȼʮַŭϵʯ⿪ʼʯײʱ춯
ͬСһŵǺӴ˿һ֣˵
ڴ˿̣һӰ˳ȥֱӽǸͷʯ̹˵ǺҲǽ
һ˲ſղ˳ȥʯ̹˵ĺȻһͷ޴Ĺ
Ǹʯ̹˲Ԫļʵ׼弶ĹȻûʲôֿһĻ඼ˣȴûðһˬС
ЩǺӣǸоһѪӿΪǸǵͬˡ
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һԶʮսʿ˿ûеӣԪ弶ʵԷѹסˣķҲǷ˳ſϣĶЩʯ̹ˡ
඼ˣ˼ֱǷˣȻҺֱԿ
ǴûмˣǴؼ壬ܵʥʹһıӻҲǹͬһôƺ˼һͷǺҴȳˣԼú岻һ׼ϡ
Ϊܵʯ̹˻ֱӶֵʱʯ̹ķӦȴ˴۾
ܵԪ弶ǿʵķԼǿĹʯ̹Щˡ
ȻóϵԪټϰķǧʯѹһʦ˼ʵǿԪѹԼһսʿһԿ˼
Ǿ֡
һʯ̹ǰ𾴵ʦˣȫһᣬȽĹջء
ƣһ˿档
֪þգһ֣ùſǸʯ̹ˣȻ᣿޹ҵʹȸǸټ̸Ҳ뿪
ʯ̹ʯͷɵģɫǿǵı飬Ȼ൱𾪡
ǿǵԪĸ߼ԪھȻҪԼһԪǸ
ʶģʯ̹˾Ҫܾ
ǿƣʯ̹ԥˣǴûмǿƵܾ࣬ԷĻࡣ
Ҫ֪һΰٹ飬ԵԪٿģ಻μӣǿǵΡ
ԥƬ̣ʯ̹˻ǸǸǺӵǸˡ
඼ˣ徹ȻǸˣĪ̫߳ˣһ̣ǺȻǼ֣ŵʹؼ壬ҲðһԺС
⻹ͷһΣͷϴ
΢΢Ҫľ
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ʯ̹վʲʲôġ
ֻǰҪ󣬽˵ʬȫߣ뿪֮ǲżҴҵȥʯ̹ĸ߲㡣
˿ʯ֮ǵһԲʯ˵Ĵڣ˿Ѿۼ˰ٹ˵ڶЩԵ͵ԪĴղϢ飬ڶ߲Ҳǵһʱ˽
ʯ֮ǵĳһɫ͸ʯɵԪ˴˿һϣʯɵָôӣˡžžĴ졣
ƺԤϵǿƣʯֻ֮δҪǰٹ˵ˣȻʯ֮ǵĳԪ˰¡


ڶʮ ٹ飨ߣ
ȻҪǿѹЩϣȻȥ˶ɱˣȻЩֻǳյ۹µһôûнյ۹ҽ飬ֱɱʼٸߣҲǸյ۹ŭ˵
˵꣬ͼһŭûһܷŹǸҲҪһ½ΪЦӴԺûǵĻ
ڳⱻúһٵͼߵ۹壬ͼߵ۹ǶλȻ˷Ȼ裬г˷ŭ
˹ٻʾ侲ʱһڵƮɭ
ͼߵ۹İ˹ٻʾɨһ飬΢΢Щõʥأϣװİ侲ߣܵЩֲ㣬ƾʲô侲
ȻʥڵԪڶͼߵ۹ΪƽһԵλȻѹԷӡ
Ǹǰϣװͬǰٹ˵ĳԱ
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Ҷ֮ǰʧʾǸȻйͬĵˣôˣ˹ٻʾЦ˵
յ۹һ߼İСҲǰʱͬˡ
ȻϣԽԽã˵ʵһ˵Ϊʱ򣬻ֱӳֽԷɵ
ڳ⣬սͼߵ۹һĻǿʱͽһ£֮˵ѾԪ弶ĸ֣кȻ
Щˡ
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ڲ֮ǰ͵͵һЩ鿴ܲܿԷսȥ޷ǸսΧԪ־޷ͻƣϢҲС
ʮֻ֣̿Լ鷳ԼҲ֪ĳԹǲܻģ
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˿ֵȻвԪؾѾǽύǽΪͬˣ϶Ҫ
ĪĿ۹˼ͼߵ۹İ˹ٻʾԲʱ֣ǰһǾ֪ĸĿ۹λ̳ˣֻʸĿ۹㻹С
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һƮһ飬ȴǱʾ˶Թӵ֧֡
˵û˽˶Թ˽˶Թٹ˲Ϊ˽˶Թȥһʦ˵꣬ǱߵİЩˡ
׶ʲô˼ǸʦǼðģֻԪʱ߾͸һǧʯֻǲ֪㵽һǧʯԲʦ
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ãʱСӶһʱɣյ۹˿˵ҧ˵
ȻҲܴٹˣԸ£ֻʱȻһˣͬ˹ٻʾ˵ģֻҪ£סΰٹ˵ϯ˵۹ôǵĳɹʾ͸ˣҪ֪˵۹ڵԪ磬Ϊ޴
ǰѾˣ۰ٹʲôڻ֮ǶἯϸֶԸ
ڱɱİٶˣֱӱЩˣǶ֪Щѹյ۹ɳȥһĿľΪ˸ֱ࣬ӻǱߵĻȨһʱʲôֵҪǱ߶Ӧ
ֻڿһ·вͨģԪ໹кܶʱƣЩʵҲͬǣǼɵԷʵʹȥˣΪûаգԲŸֻ档
¾ʹƽϢʱ˼Ȼһ⣬ȫʰķȻҪջȨǾҪеͬԼ㹻ʵһ㡣
ȵٹҪٿʱ򣬴ѾǼʮǧһ߳ϢĴ
Ͷǰ棬е߱Ľġ쵼Ҳ֮ǰһ¸ɵİ˵ľٶ̫𺳣˭Ҳ
İپʬȻˣһЩѪŨҵѪȴһʱɢЩ඼һϵСҲˣٵľȻֻʮˣǽŵľ˱ǶѪζһ֪һ߾Ȼɱİٶˡ
ƾԪ弶ʵƾɱϵİ֪ڿеǸս֮󣬼е඼ͬĵλ˳ĵõȨͻȨ
ٹľٰصһȫǴɫʯɵĴͬ糡һǵΣٸλ
μӻıĳĴֻ档
ͶԼʮһ˴˿һģȥ֮Ѿˡ


ڶʮ ٹ飨ˣ
طˣûпλһûС
һۣ˲ףѣҲгУ˵ˣѣ纺׶ͶȥʺĿ⣬֮˹ٻʾյ۹ĴȴǺ޲ɱ
Ԫ磬ʮλڻ黹ûпʼ˹ٻʾǵӴϯλ뿪˵ǹӣװʶӣһ仰ڰ
Ĺڹԣ쵰˹ٻʾɫѿ·ûһӣռϯλҪѿһҲûзԡ
ҲգղֻǸѣ֪˲֪ʷһһԵǵвԪؾˡ
С£϶԰ס
ϵ˻ʹӣǺԼгˣڹӼʱԼ˳ŸղŹӰʾķ˼λѾʮռݣʣЩǰ˹ٻʾˡ
֮⣬˹ٻʾ߾ȻŰ
ЦһѹûٿˣǻһܣȻһȡ޽Ȼٹ鲢ӭǵԪ࣬ȻˣҲûбҪˣһ˭Ҿһѽɱߣ
˵ֱ꣬ӴҪȥЩͷ쵼ǿռǵϯλԾǣĵ廹һЩη壬Ҳлο˴ͷһֵ뿪ǴؼĴҲһ
һ£ڶЩˡ
εİٹ鱾࣬ҪֵԪٿģҪĲһߣǻʲô
вЩõĿͼߵ۹ϣװյ۹ˣе˹ٻʾǺ˽ǲܣ벻ҪһλľУȻһεֵϯ˵۹ĴûиҲϣĲ½ϯλó
һ˵еڶ˵ڣ˹ٻʾǶסѹˣǰǿռϯλΪҪŭΪ˼ŭ壬ȻҿȺ֮ȹԵɣֱҪ뿪Ǵһֲ
ֻǻ࿴һۣȻЩռϯλ뿪
ûֻŰ˹ٻʾˣû취ˣŲ۲ĵһǸŴ
һ¸ǽ˹ٻʾĹǺָѾεİˣѾ⣬Ժһ뿪ʯ֮ǣǾͼɱ
Һݣ˹ٻʾҧ˵
һȵһ£˹ٻʾ˵۹ĻʴΪʲôûЩϹذһߣ˵
ǰ˵۹ȻӴӵ򼶵ľӣҲд󣬻ΪǸʴӳΪʦһµλͳȻˣǳٵҲ˵ʲôʦǾʹ˳Ȼĵλûӣֻܵˡ˹ٻʾƽһЩ͵
ôλʴӻ᲻ǶԸĵĻ
ҾӦòѾбһЩ˵۹ĻʴӣЩ˼򵥵ͷԣӦÿԺ׵£ʱǾһᶨѣֻҪܵʮ˴Եƽһ˹ٻʾ˵
ãҲΪѾͷ̣ղɨ۹ɱȻоˣ֪Լֻģл͵Ŀܡ
ʱ򣬴Ӵ߽ˣһΰٹֵϯٹ˵ֵϯÿ鶼ֻһһֵ˵۹
ڵԪ˵۹һȻ
ΪӵأӴľӣ˴½ؾţ޾ţֱѹһУһЩԪҲ˵۹
Щ֪ʶѾһЩ֪˿ҲǺĿ˵۹ĴֻǵǰǸЩպȽȥˮ
ԭܼ򵥣˵۹Ĵʶ
ʶĺܣ˵ֵҲΪ
ĬĬУȻһӦʦƽ̨𣿡۾ûĬĬУһ˿̴ʮֻ·ͷһҪǣſë
ǸǧʯѾĬĬеݡ
˵۹ĴͬʱҲΪλʦ
˿ĬĬнȥӭӣֻһ˵۹ĴȻҪˣΪкܶҪ˵۹Ϊǿ󣬵ĬĬвһ
˵۹ĻʴλȻԺ˵۹ƶߣҪһʦ
Ԫһʱ䣬ἰԪ磬Ժ뵽ֻʦ֣ɴ˿ɼʦжôˡ
ĳڶǰͽ壬˵ĬĬеĲֻһԶǸԼǸСܡ
ϴ˿ȥ˲õӣǸ˹ٻʾƺͶԷĹϵ뽫ԷԸǣСӹ۲ʮϸǺ㱨
ģǱǻҪһ£õģŵ˵һ䣬ԣǿĵҲѹеĵġ
ʱĺֹǶһˣеһûӣԭα¶ˡ
ĬĬӣϲΪʦϯ̨˹ٻʾʮڵ˵ͼߵ۹Ȼд˵ǿĻƽһ壬ǻƽһҲͼߵ۹ܵģǿʵҲҪ£ͬĬĬУʢʱ򣬿϶Ǹ£Ķ
˶࣬û¶ԼĬĬһҲû֣ҪһΪʦһֻͷJĸƵģ˵Ҳһɿ
һ˵۹֮󣬻ϰٹ˵ĳԱˡ
ǻʽʼ
û뵽ǣҲϲᣬҿݣȻôƣһЩףһЩûõĶҲЧˣܿͳ¡
һʼЭһЩٹڲһЩˣǲ⣬ᵽ˵Ԫ硣
Ԫ³ԱΪԪΨһǻ࣬ѧϰǺܶԪ֪ʶе໹ҪӻЩҲҪģѾ˼ƻ׼ǲǵľţפľۼغͳǳصУΪṩ㹻ı̵ӦԪ磬ȻΪرҪ֧ǾŵзãҪȫ濪ǵҵ˿̣һ˵õ˲Ӧ


ڶʮ ٹ飨ţ
ţӦþǰٹĿˡ
͵ԪЩͬһɿڵĵ⣬ȻĳһռУҲۺ죬Ǵַʽֳࡣ
˵ĺһЩڰ࣬˵һ㣬ūۣҲֳء
˿ҲüͷǶɵȻıʣͬʱŵʹؼ˸뵽֮ǰˣĳɹ뵽ӪУҪʱ϶һӦ
ЩѾȫɵˣɼˣԼ֪˿̣ҲҳԷԡ
£ǲҪģΪ˿쵼ǵ
һ̣ܶףԼŽᣬǽʮ˵ľۼأǽǱƣūۣΪǵԪṩߣͬȦ
һΣǵĿͶ
࣬Ŀ⣬ҲһͶȻ֪ķߺ;ߣͬ⣬¿϶ôˡ
᲻ͬ⣬ΪԷȻͬ⣬ΪʵϾǿȣȻչһЩҪ˺ܶ࣬ȫ潻񣬷ֻͬ⣬ֻҪפۼأôǿˡ
ĬĬԭͲȤĻ˯ͻȻֺܶ嶼ļλ֮Ҳǿ˹ȥ
һҪĬĬвһλȻǿмѣǿԵʱǰ̫࣬ûİܳΪʦ˵õëϿˡ
׳գȻҴ⣬ֱǷˣУҪֹǣҵİҾͲܿ۸ĬĬеֵܣĬĬʱҪֳӡ
עĬĬˣԷļƾ֪ҪʲôæǴһɫȥĬĬзӦҲ죬Ͷɫ֪ԷԼҶӲ
ȻĬĬк˽Է϶ӦԵķӡ
ֹĬĬУɨΧһۣȻȻһΰγ޽һΣ޽ݺݲڵϣȻİȫԼòϹġȻǿ϶˵಻֪ôʶģôҾ͸һᣬǲҪĸλ˭ܴӮңҾͽıңе඼Ǹ˵ıΣ


Ӹղžڹ۲ЩʵһȦ֮ϲķǿҲǼԪԪʵֻһ㣬ҲǺŮˮ׼
Щ屳ǳǿӵа򼶵ľţӵϰԪļԪ弶֣ǾڣЩԼӮ˴ˣԪĸԼӮҲȲ䣬ееġ
ŻųղŵĻ
ЩȻǳﻮ˺ܾãѾ˺ܶƻղŵǲôͬ⻹ǲͬ⣬ǶӦĺУʱ϶뵽ǵĽ൱УǿǴĲ˵һͻƽȥ
䲻⣬ǲ˵Ϊİȫ룬ҪǺãҲ㹻ʵɣʵ类࣬ǻפӵô
Ĵ㣬һ䣬ڳ嶼ɫһ䣬Ȼû뵽ȻŪôһ
ʵЩҲЩˣϢͨѾ·ѧͽٵģܳΪѧͽʵȻҼǰʯ⣬һҹŹֵսͼߵ۹ҲѾˣΪڶеЦ̸ҲΪʲô˹ٻʾ֮ǵԭ
ֻ֪ԪؾѾͼߵ۹˳
ȻҲһЩĿ۹罣ܵ۹Ԫ۹֪һ൱ֲĴڣԿȻҲǼΪǰ㣿˭ȥ˭ɵӡ
ϣôһЩɵӵġ
յ۹Ĵһ˳һԪ弶ĸ֣ȻԼʵģΪ֮ǰɱȥˣԶġ
ͼ࣬Ӧøеˣǻ᳡Ҳɱ㣬һԾͷյ۹ԪӿγһѾ޴
һɵ
ѹû˵̧־ͼһһȻûм𿨣ý𿨣ɱ˷Χ̫ʹõͨɫȭ
ɼͨɫȭԪ弶ʵĿƬҲ֮ǰ࣬Ըֻ֣ͬҪԷǴﵽԪ弶۷Ĵڣôһ㶼һƵС
䣡
һ죬ɫȭյ۹û뵽Է˵ʹ򣬻ûüʲôӦͱ˸š
һҽУֱӱſڵϣϵĽ״ѣһɫȭһԪ弶֣Ӳˡ
˿Ϲദ۶ϣģޱȣɵӶ֪˭Ӯˡ
һʱڶ嶼ЩţһԪ弶֣ǵԪĶˣȻһоͱԷˡ
˭ŲӺŵһ䡣
Щ廹ûӸղɫȭ»عûһ˸֨ȫһƬžһ̣ͼͻЩʵǿǿһЩƽȵȭͷػ˻ȥȻڶеһڶ
ǰǿΪһ̣㹻ϣʱͬ
ʻҲںţǰ˭
˭ʮҲ
һʱǱߣȻѻȸʮǸˬʵҲһѡ
ʵǲǺĺⱣ࣬ǲ鵹ҲˣȻؾǵĺ⣬ֺ֣ȻԽ̻ĵͼϡǱ߰˹ٻʾӦ˹̴
δ̻ҰˣǿԪͿƬѣûԪͿƬҲͬϯֱӴ˰˹ٻʾĻȻμӻ飬ôǶӦƽȣһһͼһһϣ֮ԳƸ߼ֻĳЩĸ֣֪ܣ
仰ͽ˹ٻʾѹȥѧǻѧУı۸֣˹ٻʾĶ֣˿ǵͨ죬۾Ҫɳһ仰˵
Ȼ̸ĳʶͲҪźǳ촰˵ɣҪѹ࣬Ҳֱ£ǿһ㡢һ㣬սҪ˶ãЩսͻʮңңʱҲԸǵİȫġȻҪ̸Ҳԣƽأǽ֡ϣǾͱҲ


ڶʮ ٹ飨ʮ
ⷬ˵ն޻أȻȺ鼤ܣؿѪӿ߬ȭɫͲÿˣǼﵽԪĸִ˿ЩӷŲˣȻڰ˹ٻʾ˵ΪЩͬһ壬ǰٹĻ᳡ռôǵҲû⡣
³ѵһʱͻȻǱʥ֮һǬݴ׶Ǭ֧
ǽܵ۹ܵ۹ĴҲ˵Ҫ˵Ƚϵģ⽣ܵ۹
Ŀ۹Ҳ֧ؼʱȻҪͦѡ
Ԫ۹Ҳ֧֣ҪǰٹӦôӦ
գ֮䣬ĸһ̱Щ΢ЩԭֵԪҲֹΪЩ㲻״ˣ⼸֧֧࣬ǵԪĶ֮һиһЩԪĿ۹ԻǲҪȹ۲˵
ٹ˵ĳԱȻ֧˹ٻʾͰǶɫѿȻѾǵԤϡ
ЩֻҪռ˵˿̸дģǿƣȫǵԤϣһֱΪڴ˿ǰҲûκͬǸ˵ģֽ׶ΣҪСһЩһ෢չǿ϶ȡ˱
ս⼸ܶ򰵵ȥ̽ǲвӿꪶԪ弶пܿñȽϽҲԲܵȥֻԪſԣһԪڿͻȻ۷ΪսһΪǿԪֵϢ
࣬ʲôʱԪ֣
ⶼʵеʱҲҪʵܶƻͷҲе仯޷ڻѹ࣬ҲòҪǰٹ˵Ҫ
Ҫڻ֮ǰû˸ģǲò俼ڣȻٹ˻һѡǾǼѹȥ
ͻȻð֧ȴðٹ˳ɵˡ
֪ԼڸʲôΪʲôҪֵ֧Ԫ࣬ǲһ壡˹ٻʾѾĿڲԣָĿ۹ܵ۹Ǭݵŭ
ǵȻ֪Ϊ֪Բѡ֧Ӻܲͷ˵ʶڰٹϵǿƱֺ󣬸Ǽᶨ˹֧ľģ˵ģԺһЩǿսôĿ۹ڵĻȨԻ£ʱѹԼĸ磬ΪʴҲǲܡ
Ŀ۹˵ûã˹ٻʾЩ֪룬ѡ˸ۻûѹôһǱࡣ
ʱһԵİ侲æ˹ٻʾ˸ѣǲָЩʹļһҪȻҪĲˣϯ˵۹Ʋã෴ٹ˾Ͷද䣬ֻ˵۹ľӣҲ㹻ˡ
˹ٻʾӦ򰲵Ͷȥһ͵ɫȻҪ˵۹ĴĬĬн顣
ɾʱĿɿڴ鷢ˡ
ͼĬĬϯ̨ϣĴһӣʱֳڶΪϯȡжʱȴĬĬͷȻֵᣬǾӦðֵ˵ƽԴСʲô£˵۹Ҳ֧˭ͬ⣬Ǻһ˵۹ԣ
嶼ǵһĬĬоȻһһֵܣһЩӦѾʶԷ϶ǽ鲻ǳҪȻֳϺޱ֧
ڰ˹ٻʾͰѾɵˡ
ʲôʱĬĬϹϵģԴҲ벻ףʦԵľȻǾԵĻܣܶʦ֪Ͳ˵ˣ֪ĬĬĹϵųΪʦҲ֮ǰ£ĬĬеľеЦ
˵۹ɷǳҪĬĬлһʦеʼӺĹϵľཻ࣬Ǿǵɱ
ԶԷһԪ弶ʵһҾ޴սʵڶȷվһߵĵԪһҪסëȻǲʵˡ
ǣʼתˡ
˹ٻʾͰҲ֪ǼҵҪŤתѾˣʵټֻ֣ǹԼ˶ûôɵֻԹ֮صλϡ
²ôˣѾǲͼߵ۹ľǧʿǰȵһ״ʧ˹ٻʾҧгݵ˵
ģҲǲϣװŹҵʵС˵ͷۣһҲǱɣͬ
˹ٻʾ˵ϣװҪ۾Ź⡣
ţ˵Ŀǵ棿ſϣװǿһʮͷյİϣװλʥ֮ףҲǺܲɷ֣˹ٻʾû뵽Ϊ˶ԸȻϣװǿ˳
ȻģһβһƸۡ
ãյ۹ˣǵĴˣҲ޷ĳޣʱ򼯺ҵȻԽɣ
˹ٻʾͰıͬʱٹĿʼˡ
ûٶԵԪκβ۵ݣҲһЩ̣ͨȻƼԪϵĲƷǳȤȤɾһս
ֻּǲ㵱Ʒ۵ģҪҲһЩ̭
мֵ֧˵Ťתľ档
֮ʯ֮Ǿٰʢ磬ȻԭϢĳҲ˸Ϊʵĵط٣пϢĴ̡
вûвμӣЩǶɴеڰ˹ٻʾͰͼߵ۹ϣװյ۹ӻѾӰ
ĬĬܸʳͬʱã⣬ĬĬмΧûˣżæСҪСͼߵ۹ϣװ˵͵͵ӣҪ㲻ģǸҶԸ㣬Ҿ̤ƽǡ
ò˵ĬĬоһΪϵˣһβ֧ϾͿԿ
ĬĬֵܣȻԿЩ¸
ԸһЩСòսӦЩˣĬĬУȤһս棬˳ȥҵǿ·ǸҶ֣ѿһϷ


ڶʮ ɱһ
ٹˣڶһ뿪ʯ֮ǡ
ʣΪ棬󲿷ѡҪǽͬ˹ϵΨؼ廹Ҫȥһ£ΪμӻĴҲֻǴؼеһԱѡ
ؼĳԱԷǳһҲǿ
һᾡȥ˵ٶʥʹһϾԼ飬ҪԼϢһʱϵ㣡ؼǸ˿ʮ˵
ȵ뿪ŽĬĬкͶǣһϵսϡ
ֱǿеĺĸϴʲôʱҲŪһҰԴսһĽ޲սġ
Ҫ͵õȵˣҪһսҲûôףʵǣս³ǸϹģһʼսںܾǰͿʼƻˡ
ĬĬҲǶĿƼ̾ѣ˵Ȼһսɵͼߵ۹ǧֻūͺ󣬸һȻҲҪһҡ
սʼУ뿪ʯ֮ǣֻոƬ̾ͣ
ΪǰĿѾǷеĹһûмĹŹ飬ȴƽ飬Ƿ
ϣװţǸȻϣװս˳ļһǲϧһЩҲҪɱˣĬĬпԶ̾˵
ţԶϰֻеҲЩզ಻ѣЩȻ൱ǿһ붼ԪļʣµҲԪóսͬоǿĴڣ벻ϣװȻǿս
ŵǰ棬һϤӰݹ˿ŮҲﵽԪļһݵĶԼ
ϣصظҪôģݹ˿̷˴̶
ͬʱһߣҲǳٷޣȻЩͼߵ۹յ۹ǲķоţƬ֮ͽսΧ
ڵϣҲнսʿҲͼߵ۹յ۹ɱġ
̿ǿˣ˹ٻʾͰ˿̳ڿУͷݹһǰ߳һͷļ綦ֱƯڿУ͸һɺ⡣
ϣڣ˵꣬κλᣬֱ´˹
Ⱒ˹ٻʾҲԼķоչ˹
һʱ䣬ͶһսΪսķԣ½ϵʿʱɲóһЩǿķʦÿƬ߿еսһʱ߰ٶʦ˸ַһʱޱȡ
˹ٻʾͰǴַʽдܴսãܣҲԣʱսʿԽɱ
Զٹ˵Աѹû뿪֪ͼߵ۹ϣװ϶һս˿̶Զһ֡
һͼߵ۹ǵĵţǧ˵ķʦ飬ٷޣϣװǲˣȻŶˣʵһеˣһɽͷϣʯ֮ǵĳԪˣ˿Զ˵
ûһΰ˹ٻʾͰȻ˺֣ҲǿǸʲôֶΣֹ»ȥ˵ȷֶκʵֻܹԼʵãܽôǶһͷҲ˵
Ҿͼߵ۹ϣװʤȽϴ󣬸˵յ۹Ҳɳ˾ӣǸҲֻһ˵һƫ˿̳
ҵǾãһͼߵ۹ϣװǽһΪ޴ľĿ۹ĹҲû뿪ɯһһս
ǣϲλû뿪ǶҪʵֵز
˿̣սϡ
Ԫ֣ǵضĹʮֵ´ͬʱ˦󿨣÷͹֪Է·Ϯ׼
һΣٷŹͷݹ¾ǵĴ˽ᡣ
Ԫֳ𣬵˵ĹҲʱֺͿ⵴һƬƬҵĻ⡢ͱ˪ͶײڻֺͿϣȻ󱻵ɡ
̶ֳȵĹԿͣսķƬ֮ˣֻķܼ
ɼһߡ
һ̣սϵͻǹڻм޴ڿʼһ棬ޱɱͬѪ֮һ㡣
˹ٻʾͰ˻ʼ˹³иʴʹ͸ĺɫ棬ϰֻһķҲ̳ѷ졣
֪һƸۣҲû֡
ڣɱ˹ٻʾͰ´̷ҵڻͬһ㣬𶯻ǧ֮Ⱒ˹ٻʾֱӱУ˲ҽȥҪһЩȻһ±ڵ飬ֻԪļķݹǱڵĳ롣
ֻͷݹ飬ǷֱﵽԪ弶Ԫļĸ߼飬飬ҲܿٻָڿԻɱͨԪ弶֣Ƕϸ߼飬ɱԲ㡣
µľ顣
˿̴߶߶𣬼ٳİͷݹǴ𣬳˼ȻǷۺ죬Ȼ˫ҪɱԷǰΰվϷ磬һΣˮתˡ
κλᣬûȫԭİͷݹֱȡʥ䡣
Ѿõʥ䲻һˣ֪ʥһĸ߼龫ⰲͷݹȻʥϲġʳ
ЩûüۺϵƬǱһٱʥ룬ֻüۺһİ˿Ǵһæ࣬ݹǲҽС
൱֣ûмпֱĶ
һƬʥգݹңһ嶼ɣһٵʥ䵱ɢһĹ⡣
ΪǱƯԶæһſƬγһֻסԼŮݹߴ˿ѾޱȣǼ
ûмʶˣʥһ̣˳̰ͼѾ˶㡣
ʥ䣿Ȼʥ䣬ôõʥ䣬һʥģңʺ̰ðУҲˣ֪ʥҪԣֻҪʥ䣬ͿʵǣʥһͳʥأΪʱǵԪĵһ˵ԽͻƵԪǸߵԪȼ


ڶʮ ɱ
ʥڰ˵ȻǳջԴ˿ХһȡһƬͬʱ趯צ
ǶԪ弶ҾͲܱǿĶȥ
֪ģһʥ䣬Ȼ߶ʥ䣬һǿ͸ʥйȻڿлһӾ޴צӡ
ʥ޻ʥ׼ʮ￨תһצ
һߣǰͷųĹֳʮֻģֲ˻ųҲ࿨Ƭγɵǿһ
צԹֳкİȻ˫һʤ
ɱϣֻʣһķݹţѾŤȻǺǡ
һ̣ʥ߷ľצͰĹֳײһ𣬴˿΢΢֪Լƴһпʼע˺ߵ
ֻͨצδؿԽʥûľצӵжԵѹͬЧҩһԶĳ缲ԵĹצҲһ
žžž
ײצϵĹֳ·ϵĶһ˲飬İǷ˼ȵľ֣ƺӦʲôȻΪʱ
ãʶҪӣֻĶ⣬߶צֱӽ˺顣
巢ʹ;ֵļУƺƺģѹô࣬ʥ䣬ȫȥ
ɲǼ䣬еļʧôһԪ弶֣ӽ𣬱ǾʹʧӴ޴ˡ
һĻ˶𵴣ڵԪҲǺպĴڣû뵽ȻɾͱɱһʱЩٹ˵Ҳðһɺ⣬Һûкԣ˼ֱһɱԪ弶Ҳʹ׵ĸһ
ҲһЩĿ۹ǬݣϵǬݵĺ׶˿̸ǴһȺ·˹ȥݵǰ
ٻԲŸղź׶ʹæֻǱֹ
׶ʥԿ𣿡׶ҲΪһ㡣
߻⣬̵ԣ
ãʥ߶ʱһӴӰ֣Ӱͷڣޱȣн׵ߣȻǻӰԶȥҲǼΪġ
ţӰһƵŭ𣬵ЩսͣȻۼӰ£ҲһǻȻ֪ʱӦó˭Ͼɵˣûָӹ٣ӹϵʥ仹Ϊ棬Ӧѡ񳼷
ţɱϣɱҸɱԶֻʣӵķݹڴӸղŰлع˭֪˿֪ڸģС
ЦһŮһֱۣӳŵɱȻ溺׶ӹʥϣװ˭˭Ƿңʥ䡣
˵꣬ѡһͷȻ󼤻ʥ䣬ͷųһȥһͷͱǣʵҲͻͽ
ӽŵľųѾʥϢĲ£ȥЭҶȡϣװɣ˵꣬һͷʵӳֵǷһ˷ܵȻ̵ͷȥڼеб̳һգеϣװķȥ׶ҲǶһ̴Ǭݵ˸ȥ
Ȼϣװô׶һҪȥ
ȻţǴ˿սڼղűڻȥİ˹ٻʾۼɱҲðһɺ⣬ֻѾû·
ʦţ׼ǿĹҰǸս˹ٻʾһ˻
ǰ˰ٷʦȡ˰εȾˣ̸оΣ
ƽ̩̹ʯܣ
֪ƾδֵܵסЩ˿ֻȡһоĻƽ˵ʵҲһá
һĻƽʶ̫࣬һΣҪĻƽʲôر
Ƭһֱ׵ľʯ̳֣ս֮£ʯܺʮףڿУա
ͼߵ۹˰ٶ෨ʦȫʯϣһʱбһŻ桢׵ͱ˪о޴̳
涼һ³𶯣˴˿̶ͷգҪ̳ɢȥĳʯܱƣս٣ʯܵסһν
ŵǰ˹ٻʾ˿ͷ󺹣һֱ̧ͷյ̳˵ʵѾˡ
Ϊʮþȵ飬ڿʵһ޴ľ
һǿ൱ǿսǿ󹥻Ҳð˹ٻʾսľ
ղʥɵշŵһĻҲǿģһʱͼߵ۹յ۹һٶֻķ޾ţѾ˳˳ɣ̫ǿ󣬺ܶڿоͱǿĵĻ˺飬˹ٻʾҲ֪һЩûм˾޴
һʧȥ˿վƣô½һʿʱֻǱΨһ̵ľǷʦţ˵һεĹΪҪ
һҪɹ˹ٻʾʼˡ
ƯڿУȻıȱԼĶŻƽȷǳǿ󣬾Ȼס˾󲿷ֹȻ󱻻ʣµķѾ˺󣬲ҲǸ˾ӣԷĹսܱȥ
ɫһȡŻƽһȻԥķʦż
ֵˣ
̧ͷ̳ɢȥʱ򣬿ͻȻʮ޴ɫȭ
ãһһмʶͼߵ۹ʦе˵ʶļŷƬͷϳԪ֡
ֻɫȭЩԪֽͬһ飬ʦжûüͱҳһ̲ࡣ
ֻԪʵôܵסɫȭĹȭĳҲ˺Χķʦ
һʱ䷨ʦŰ죬Ƭ֮䣬˾ͳϰˣһЩʿҲ꼰㣬
Ȼꡣ
ɨԷʦţսϵսϿϵͳ̽ԵĽй
ܿ죬ɨͽ·ʦű˳ʮŻڽ׼һĿ꣬̿
飡
ھԪӵЯ޴ĶӵһžͿԸɵһװ̹˳ΪԪԪɱҲǼΪ޴


ڶʮ ͼߵ۹ĵ
һոմӵͼߵ۹ʦûվȣͱһöӵͷ˺룬Ѫɽȥʮס
һʦҪߣֻûؿھͱ䴩ǴŻҲԵֵ
кĵĻͬϵոЩʦŵƬ֮󣬰˰ٷʦѾһʣȫɱ
˹ٻʾѾûһ˿ѪɫЩͼߵ۹ľ񣬾Ȼôʧû˷ޣû˷ʦţֻʣһͨʿ⻹ô
ֻҪɵӣ֪ȥǱɡ
Ҫ䣬һĨνȴԽֽʱս֮ϣĬĬѾĿɿڴսսȻ֮ǿĬĬУ˵۹ĻʴȻóսļֵ
ֻҪôһսôʮ沿ҲոǶԷǿĿֻܱ򣬶˵۹ǹϵ½ǿȻǷȱܶ࣬һֱĬĬжΪ˵۹޵еģǽ쿴ս֪Լ֮ǰˡ
˵۹ΪУֻҪսɱ˵۹ǿľ޾š
޾ſ½ǿľţһҲ˽֪飬޾ǧֻȻֻԪȴӵԪļӵеǿǵǿԹǰկⲫԪļ۷Ҳһս֮Ӵ˵ûκһ֮ΪУ޾Ҳ˵۹ΪĴڡ
սĬĬʣ䴩Ԫ弶ַ׵ӵҪԸҲʲô£Դ˿Եʮֵ䡣
뵽ӦֻӵսĹϵӦòҪʲôֺһЩĬĬѾ⣬λȥԺ󣬾Ͷ˵۹Ļ˵Ľ顣
ʱҲӿ䵽սļװϣΪӲ˳˵Ǹճ궫
⻨ȫԼˣϲƵʳһҪٷ˵ǳϰߡ
ֻʱסҽѣϾ񻨴ĸ֣ڵԪĴڣһս䣬лڣҲţʤԼ
˵ֱ׵㣬Լֻһ˫нúõͬʱ˵ԼҪġ
ճ궫ĻȻǱڻװϵģûˣֱҵ
ô£鷳ˣҪҪҰæﻹץһõ뵱ɸЯ
һһԼô࣬ҲԣҲһЩ壬ǵ˵ͷ
ҲϻֱӳһӼװһԾ£أȻͬһʯ档
һʱ䣬ͼߵ۹Ĳ̳壬ɱֱûһ˿ԥָİ˸֫µټٶȣֻƬ̣ϰͼߵ۹ʬ
˹ٻʾ˿ɱĶˣʲô
һǿԪ֣ʲôʱǱҲԪ֣Լ֪Բࡣ
˵ʲôҲˣսϺڻԼһԪֵɱ¾ǻƻ衣
˹ٻʾ۾ɵͨ죬˿䣬Ϊٲ䣬˾ˣǱյ۹ǧʿѾ¾һգԼ߽˵Ķ飬Ҳֻʣ˲֮һѹͲսǵɱ
νĻûǾ仰෴˹ٻʾѾЩˣ۾ԹԼһĵ£ǽЩ㵽ͷϡ
ʱ֣սֹͣ˹Ȼ£ֹɱ𾢵Ļ㡣
Ϊùˣ˿̶ԷһǧȫˣȻԵ壬ɱ¾ЩֵãҪֻһʤʤѷ֣ûҪϾɱ
˹ٻʾ䣬ȻɱһŹˣΪһʤߣȻʩǰ˹ٻʾ˵
˷ԼĻᣬֶԼԹĵˣȻΰ˹ٻʾ뿪죬˹ٻʾ
˹ٻʾҧ֨֨죬ȴǵͨоȻȡһſƬ
ϣΪӮˣһ֪ʲôľҵģ˵꣬ЦżĿƬ̷ǳ죬ҪֹҲˡ
ֱоԷղżĿƬЩԾνһ˹ٻʾ˸͸
ȫǺ⣬ﲻѪĭӣѾŤɱңãҪᣬ඼Ҫᡣ
ʴʣɣúͶԷٶ˵һ仰޽ȻһŽ˹ٻʾ߷ɳȥһţ˹ٻʾǻѾݣͬһƲһˤڵϣӳ鴤˼£Ҳˡ
һһ˹ٻʾѾȺնҲǴĿģʣµҲ㶯ˡ
ǻͷһȴǿԾѵһĻ
ͼߵ۹ʣʿȫڵϣһΪЩͼߵ۹ԼǸӭĳ˲Ĵ
սΧʲô˶ûС
ΪŸоһɺ⣬뵽ղŰ˹ٻʾϵЦжԷһſƬʶһ⣬ǸƬ֮ûκЧûٻҲǹԵķ
ô˹ٻʾΪʲôͷҪһſƬ
ܿõ˴𰸡
Ʋ֮ϣһͻȻͬһöɫڵ˲ԼĪʮ׵ĵط
أ
һɳɢ˹̳ɫһ䣬һԭɶںĻ㣬˿Ҳ¶صı顣
Կ徹Ȼڲ
Ҳо˼ΪǿԪԪǰûмģȻǿϱȲǸ˱۾ˣѾҪԼĵʦҪǿ
ͼߵ۹ЩͷĸˣȻһҿԣͬʱԶΧ۵İٹ˿Ҳһ۾ʯ֮ǵԪˣǺһʧƽһ壬Ȼǻƽһ壬ˣǿߣҪȻҪ꼰㣡
˵꣬תߣﵽԪĸҲǼæתܣƽһ塯ĸ֣ʣµҲǼæߣֻʣĿ۹Ԫ۹ͽܵ۹ˡ
ɯȻ֪ͼߵ۹лƽһ壬֮ǰǻɣ벻ǾȻܵƽһ壬¸ô죿Ӵ˷ɫѿ
һԵɯҲɫ԰ףܸоǧ֮Ǹƽһǿ
Ⱥһξ룬ܴһ漣Ҳ˵ɯԼԼ˵Ļ


ڶʮһ 
ѳһһ飬˸½Χˮȫޱȣһһɾ޴˴ǰӿ˲䴵ɢΧ̳
һ֮ǿͬʮ̨磬һЩʵǿûзˣǱʮ
̳ɢȥֳ˽ºӰ
һӳǰ棬ȥ˺ֱûκβһҲǼΪ࣬һƽ飬֮
ͼߵ۹һƽһǷһ飬ӦΣʱ䣬ѾȥλᣬһξһΣ˵ɣʲô£ҵʱܱ󡣡ӱ鵭Į˵ѹûб顣
ƽһ壬Ȼǻƽһ塣
мһƽһŮˣڳǱؽѣǸѪƵİŮӣԼͷһǺۣǿһǺۣȹ˺ü鷳ǱʶѾǸŮӵԼĶˡ
Ϣɼ£ǰӣϵϢͰŮӺ˵Ƕͬһ壬ƽһ塣
ʱ򣬻Ųߣߣߣ
ǳţ֪Ƕǿߵľ£Ůˣǿǵԡ
֪ܲⳤӵҲ֪Ҫ¶ͨѶս´
ˣִУ
սϵȻԸ⣬ִΪǣǵһλģǵѾΪս޲ʤĴڣκ˶в
սԶȥ
ͬʱһصͼߵ۹Ҵߴ˿ɳһָӹ٣ǰǰߣͬܵ۸Ȼҳ״Сһ
ǳʱŵԭˣͼߵ۹ĻҳԱѾɵˣֱǷַΪѾĳŵҲǣֻôҲһƽһһҵĹɱˣ˭Ҫۡ
˵Щͷ̧ýŵַƾץסһſƬһѻƽ𳤵һһ޴ĵâն
âٶȼ죬ǿΧĿѹγһɾ޴ƣоһæŶʯ֮ܡ
գۼ䣬޴ĵâնʯ֮ϣžžžʯ֮˲飬γ޽񵲣ֻоϴһɾ޴ƳȥʮԶǿվ
ؿڣѾǱ͸ĵâնһ߶೤˿ڣһʱѪĽ
۾ͷһ˿ֲĶֻ֣һоԼ֮ܣ޽סâ֮󣬻նˡ
⻹ΪԼܹѪҺϴǿ˺ܶ࣬򻻳ˣղһ
δǳȻԾСʱ׵һתͷбۿһۡ
Ԫ弶ҵնӦñɲŶԣôܻţһԪȼ󳤷ƺʲôȴ΢΢һ㶣¶˼Ϊı飺ƽѪھȻһ˿ƽѪôܣ
һΣۿﾹȻðһɷŭǻƽѪϾȻƻĲֱ֫Ǹ
һ죬볤Ӿļͼߵ۹ʿֱӱһĿѪɳȥʮԶһ۾һȻֱˣʣµȻûҲˡ
ʱǱߵĻȴһȻǲԼתܣҵһΪƻ֮ʱҪƻԪԴûƻ֮Ҳûн֮⣬㿴һƻ֫ĵȼĸߣҿ֪̽ƻ֫ѹƻԪҵв
һЩ鷳ҲԳְæĵǻƽһ壬ô㻹Ƿǳǵѡ˷
ǵģˡ
ϵƻ֫Ҳƻ֮
һ̣ûʲôҪ
ˣӵʮָɴࡣϧǣƽһһҪӵĴڣԹԹڵϣһԣӲǻһܣ˳ӵע⡣
ͼĳˣ𣿡ɫһ䣬żأͼһɽɫӿⳤ˲ͳȥԶһ½
⻨Ҳһ׺ݵ˿̸оܵвҲһݣ򳤷ӹȥԪĸ֣ѾӽԪ۷壬ʵףӮ˳ӣҪȻԼߣӦûʲô⡣
뷨֪ȻЦ̫ɡΪȻ֪Ӻ֪ԪȼֻƽѪܸо
ܸͬоӵʵҲܸоģҪȻҲһۿڵĻƽѪԼƻˡ
˿һѪȹ˼ڹȪˮ˼ྦྷʯ˿˿ڣûܣΪ֪ǰҲûãΪӣǻʵԪ߼֡
Ԫ߼Ѿ˵Ԫ磬ǵԪܳܵ
ʦҲûԪ߼ĸִڡ
һǿ󵽽޵еԪȼҲΪʲôɣΪԻʵôƴӣ
֪ԼҪҲһɵ飬ΪҲͶԷƴԭܼ򵥣ⳤӲŹԼ
ȻǵˣǾֻƴˣƴҲƴ
ĵкܶ࣬Ԫһƴ֮Ԫ߼󲿷ֵƶʧȥá
޽ûãδҲУҪԸԪһЩǿ˵ԸԪ߼ĸˡ
Ψһõģǻƽ
ֻдʦ¡ĻƽкͻƽһӲƴĿܣʵֻоֻƽֱһſͶſһǷһҲ
ҪǿĻƽ
ʵϣϤ˽ֻһźʮһǾ֮ȭʮߣܽװٻѾǲˡ
ðһ⣬֪ǰʮԻƽ𻯣ǳӵĵ֣ΨһĻᣬһżװĻƽʮֻп̡ܷ
Ȼܣûеڶ·ߡ
˾Ҫһ£Ϊƴһ»һ˿ϣƴȵսԼȻҲˡ
һ͵һȻǿʼƿ
һЩӴû뿪Ҳע⵽ľٶǱΪûߣû뵽ԷȻǴڵϿʼƿ
˶һ㶡


ڶʮ 漣
ˣڵϣͷǺǧϣܸоԪ߼Ŀֲѹ
δأҾڳԡ漣ɯҪȹһЩֻǾԼҲ֪˵漣治ڡ
Ϊ棬һ㷴ʵǿޱȣڵԪν޵УԳӣȴǴѹƣóѾֶξ࣬ޱȡ
ʵϳҪסֻ֪֮ͣΪΣûɱ֣Ϸˣһ
һۣΪ֪Ӯ
ƽƿطҪϤԭƿϤҪǧУʮûգǼװ汾ȴû⣬Ѿ൱ϤҾצͿʦָڼװʮܼ
˵ǵҲǺΪ
ɼˣ֪ҪƽҲԲ£ƺĸڳɿ֮ǰĿԺзƽƿʱ䲻ûа취ԣڸµĻᣬֻƿʱ䣬ֻߣֻһΡ
Ҫһʧ
кܶԹ˵⣬Щ⣬ֻڲʧвܵõĽڵǲʧܡ
̶֮䣬ѾǿʮΣʣδʧܣڶ࣬ҪƳƽߣҪǧΡ
˵ҪԪҲ֧˵ʱ䣬಻ʮϢ
ǿԺĵʱŻֱӷֻ˼롣
һʱ䣬һԼԭļƻƿôôŬܳɹ٣̶̵ʱɹʱ򳤷ɱ˻㣬ԼҲǱɡ
ϻһ·
һڹ֮͹˼ά֮·ͬһԣ·ͨǺܶʱֻ֪һ·ֻЩӵдǻ۵ˣҵ·
û·Ǿ߳һ·һԼ·
Щ뷨ͬһ磬еĵһʱԭѧƿȫ
߹·ˣҪ߳һԼ·ֻпڼʱڣƽߡ
ƿͬһ޴ԹҪߵյ㣬ӦĿƬ֪ʶҪΪֻĲ·ҵȷǸҪߵ·Ҫ·ڣҪֱĿĵأҪһ㣬ǽԹƳûԹֻյ㣬Ҫֻ߹ȥѣԼ˼άôģҲôģ˿̣ͬվһ޴ӵԹ㣬Թ֮ӣǻѴʱ䶼δؿҵȷĵ·ܻܿʧУҪڶʱڴԹͨڵյܡ
ǣ۾ʵǽ˼άҲױպϣһԹҲʧˣͬǰγԹ
һȻһ̤ƫУֱУȻ֪ǰԹǽڣûκԥΪ˿ѾǼΪᶨ
ʵУ۾˫ȴǲӿֳԪȻǿʼƿ
ƿˣȻЩ˼飬Ϊƿ֮ҵ٣óƿˣûмֹŹֵƿַ
ʵʹﵽҾ磬ƿֻʶΪ
Ƭ֮ĿƬȻѾͣôƳĿƬֻԪһЩͼĿƬ
ĪԪԶĹӳһΣɯ֪˵ʲôˡ
ߣ˿ڣİ֫ѾǶĸģޱȣ۳ӣࡣ
˵ϡƷ֣һͷһμҸһᣬҳȻΪҵūͣȻֻ·һ֮ǰȻǺˣһ㣬ˣͨ뺡
ǻƽһҲУƻҲκ˳㵹ļ֣ģңȴзһ˿ƻڳɫһ㶯ֵʱͻȻӵðһͷ棬Ȼһڽ¡
һĻ϶֪ǳĳ涴
Ȼмƻڳӳֵ˲䣬͵͵һ׳棬ղŽƴսΪȡһʱ䡣
ӵԴԸᡣ
泤ˣȻ󽫻£涴˿ѾԶݵһռˡ
һ̣һնɱֻǴӳʬҲ㣬ȻʶҲ㣬֪涴ҲԼмˡ
ǽƻӵһʱӲһѾԪ㵽ʲôطҶὫץ֣Цһ꣬Ťͷ
ӦóߣǶԷǵûУԭؿʼƿ
һϣȻԪ弶Ԫ弶ϣֻлԪۡ
㣬֪ʲôֶθ㵽һ˿ƽѪѾ˻ƽһѪͳĴ͸߹ֻһ㣬ͱҪ㻹аѪҺƻֲ֫壬Ѿǻƽһô򵥣¡ǻƽһԪ񣬶飬ֻ·һӶ˵Ϊǰһö˵ָһȡٻһͷ߳׵ţͷ֡
ڵΣţħȥ׼ңȻΪĽɱûԼĽٻһͷūͶԸ
ǸţͷֳĸͷгһףѪ߰ߣ⿴ԪȼţħľѾﵽԪ弶Ԫ弶۷壬Ȼ϶Ըһͷţħ㹻ˡ
ţħһУֱӳԪһλڵµ磬Գһ壬Ÿǿ
ţħǵصһͷ죬ֻã˻ƽһ壬ƽһǽƳ˿ƬһūͣӴ˳Ϊ˻ƽһĴ֡
Ԫ弶۷ǿߣҲֻܳΪ˵Ĵ֣Թ޵ţħ֪һƽһ帴Ծͽŭת޵˵ϡ
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˿̣ѾȲҪǸڵϵĵնɱ
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һԡŽ֣߳־ͿסţħĲӣȻţħѣøҲ޷ʵ壬Ϊǿķ޵塣
ԶĿɿڴɯҲ૵Ǵ漣


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۵ţħȾѪ師Ҳǵڵأƽָһɣţħǵڵء
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ԶƽһĳȻҲЩԾû뵽ͷԷȻз
ƽ𿨣㾹Ȼƽ𿨣ǵ¡ʲôˣʵƺƽɢϢ
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ƽߴ˿ǰƯʮףȻ󷢳һͳ˻һʮ׵Ȼ
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âվûͻߵ壬һд󶨣ɫ΢䡣
һ̣ƽವһʧգۼ͵˳ӵǰצ˹ȥ

צץƿ̶Хǳɫ䣬ȴǼæˣ㿪ֲһ
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汻һצҳһӣеʯ飬һ̣ߵײȻǴһɽɫĻ棬޴ĸֱһжڻһɳðΧʮ׷Χڶʯ飬ð˿ֲ
һԳԪ۷ܽצתΪȻ湥Ҳߵһ
ߣɻޣκι˺ǣ֮⣬ҲԻΪԪأ桢׵硢˪ҲǼΪֲĵط
ԭļװûԪػģǻƽ𻯵ߣȴӵ
֪ĳ̶ֳ˵ԼѾ˵ˣ򲻿ܱƵĳӶˡ
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ģΪΪۣӴûһԪ弶ʱ򣬾ȻᱻԷٻū͸ˡ
Ϊƽһ˵ܴ衣
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벻ȻزҪ֪ԵģǴ棬ͬһĻƽһ壬ǺЭѡˣЭĺ˳ͻٻƽߣɱˣһﵽԪľּսУԪĸ֣սսΪǳӻߣƬڽɱ
࣬ǵԪ𣿡һҲ૵
ںõ˿Ǽѣǹӣ˿߬ȭͷͲˡ
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ѡˣһѡɯ΢죬ҧָѾûʼľȺĿɿڴһֳݺͰĽ
Ҳֻ֪һԸδػῴԼɯںǵ˼ҲԸ⡣
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ˣƽ߱Ƶ˵ĳӣ˿Ƿһŭ𣬴˿ͷɢɫҲЩ粻֮ǰѡ
ϣΪƾ߾ͿӮң̫Сһƽһģھͽѹƣʱҿ㻹ʲô·죡˵ָ꣬һһƽ鴮Ȼֱ󱬳ϡ
һɢſֲĿƬ֣ó⿨ƬͬСɣղŵĻƽ鴮һǿķӡĿĲʣΪ˷ӡһźɫĿƬ
ܱƽһӡģҲ϶ǵУ˿̾ͼӺ֮Ҹɵߣҿʮڡ
һӿƬԶһͼ޴ŻĺƣУһ޴ĺӰ֣һƵ
ʮ꣡Ȼںͳ̸С
ǳɫһǵͷãɽ
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棬Ȼᱻ˺
ʧжʱһ죬һӰŤһֱӴӺӳڵϣһʱ֮ʯɣ𶯣ʱſ壬ǺͻƽŤһģȻһͷڼ׵ĺ
ǺϵеߣǰҪǿ󣬱߻Ҫ޴壬ͷϣ겻ϨĻ棬һЩȱڣȫǳȵ棬ϣʱ޿̲ðֺ̣ͬһ¯һ㡣
˹ûۻɣǺ˹˵ǿĺʧ꣬ԭǱƽһշˡԶɯɫһ䣬ʧ˵


ڶʮ 
֪һͷֻ֪һͷǿЩףȻǳһҲԪ߼
ʲôʱԪ߼Ҳôֵĵ̯ˣڵȻ鷳˼㣬ƽߣҲֻŪһѾļˣԭΪѹǳһͷû뵽ԷȻеơ
һʵһ㣬Ԫ߼ȻǼΪ磬ϡ٣ƽһ壬Ҳ˶Ԫ߼ټϻƽһ˿ڱ٣һʮһԪ߼Ժнࡣ
˿̻ƽ߱һͷǿǣƣɫ˹һߣһЦϣ벻ɣ˹ǿһͷɾǿߣҲֻܳΪǻƽһɱ㣬ͽߴߡ
ɫѿԳӣΨһ̾ߣ߱ͷк˹ĺǣƣʧȥ
Գӣѹûκεʤ㣬ԪȼĲ̫ˡ
һʱ䣬գǿūͣǿҲûãΪһԼǣƣôԼƾͻΪơ
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ȻҲĻƽһͶթͼߵ۹һԪ飬ò˵ľ̫ۣ˵֮ڼڶѻȸ


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ֻһҹɭʱ䣬ַ֯Ϊ֯Ŀ꾹Ȼͻһ븴ƻ
ƻֻ֪һΪǿֻ֪ƻǿڣȻĸԪ粻һ¡
ɵ֯ＸԱֻҲԷһ׳нĺһҪʲôݣûʹΪûʣҪԼͻޱİ
û㵽оƽһʱܿȥ
գһˡ
ֻ˶ģݣӾȻһҹû˯
ǵżƻѾⶨˣȵһҪһȨ͵λҲγһϼΪ˵Ĵˣһ仰Ŀɿڴ
ȷһ䡣
ϼȻ֪ʲô̽͵ֻһʽһֳƺϵĸı䣬ʵϾڵ֯ṹһѾûʲôûʲôرı仯ȻҪ޶ǵɷҪ滮ܶ飬кܶó£Ǿͺˡ
ڶͿʼţʵϽҲΪڶģǱøֶΣôƬĹΧǰоۼĿȨΪҪ֣УҪ֯ǵǰĳСҵ԰ռõʣǴͻе
ƻϼгҲʮȻͨһҹⶨżƻǳƣٷ涼뵽ˡ
ǻҪ⽻šӦԺһЩĹϵ
ҪľǽЩƻһ꣬ȻǩЧҲǵĹ涨ִ飬ǳǩȨִУҲž˵µȨĿܡ
ļ죬һϸ·ȥԱϾҪﱸˡ
˵Ҳ򵥣ȴףϾⲻСҼңֻǻزô򵥣漰ϸ൱ӣЩ飬ҪȥķУ˵Ҳó
ϼǵĹƣҪﱸʱ׼ãڴ֮ǰŵļƻȴҪȽˡ
ûӣչʱ䣬ֿŵľҲԶġ
ԭܼ򵥣ڵĵ̫ˣ˵ͼߵ۹ԷҪַԼ߱ó׼

ʨٹĵطһƬɽкܶɽȣһƬǧɽֲСۼء
ѷʱﱾһЩƫԶɽ壬ֻһЩص˺ͶͯʹеķͬƫԶһЩ¿ϲҴ̼¿ѣ˲뵽
ѷ֮ʽɽ壬ȴѡ
ΪԹҲ٣ǳĵط


 ţ
ʱ໹ǺܻŽģЩɽѽ࿪ŴСδɽǰǣһһ档
ȵ˾ߣȶ֮࿪ʼչֳһ档
ΪԴΪɽۼȨһЩ˿ʼ˰ܿ찵ΪѪȵĻƴ
ԭŽ࣬Ϊ˸˽ƬɽѳС;ۼأ಻ʮ˷ʱֵܳĸԪ֮⣬Сۼ֮仹
ľۼؽۼأ޽Ƭɽ֮䣬˿Ѿһһʮҵĺӣ̣û֪ۼֻϴ󣬾˵Ѿߣǳг˵ľսʿܳΪСۼعģۼص죬ϴȻǵ֮
ΧնѹдƬׯڵأûϸж󣬵ʮ꣬ѷʱЩׯڵʳûܵƻټԪӰ죬ֲ죬ʳȻ
ˣ˴ӲΪʳҾԪʳһջΣջµʳ㹻˳һˡ
Ȼôһ鱦أ϶ᱻ˿ӣۼصˣֻϴֶΣۼص˸޷ռ壬һֱĵڡ
ۼأһɽŴۼأ˿ǧΪһۼɽŴԭһسǣǽһƬɽıؾ֮·ȻܻԸĹǾסҪһЩһۼؽؾۼأǶ֮ˣѾӽ壬ǿسǸһ󳡣赲ʹӿ￪ɳԪ˽ʳ
ʱ䳤ˣСۼγһƽ⣬ల¡
ʨȻĴڣʵȻ֪ǲ֪˵ʨǹƷҪľʨǵѾǾ˶θİŻڶԪɱѾȾҪ̫ࡣ
Ȼؾۼڽľǿ￪ɳԪ
һΣɽµؾۼһ˴ŴԪʨǻȡؾۼص˿һ¥¥ſ⣬峿⡣
ڵȴʨǷص¡
Զƾɵĵ·̳ȻĳضˣֻǵȵؾۼصԼĶңȴǿԷɫЩѿ
ôˣĪʨǵ۸ˣɥؾۼصǺһҴսһӵռɽΪؾۼء
磬û⣬ˣ㹻ֵһʱ䣬һʨǵһԱټǣһһǸҲһʮĺӣƤɹڣǴ˿ȴһΡ
ʲôһ㶣Բ֪Լλʲô˼
߻˵ʲô˿ŷ֣Լĳϣ˿һˣһİˡ
˲ʮͣȴŵ壬òͨ͸һֽ͵ҪǣϾȻûЯ
ؾۼص˷ǳʽǰ֣ӣȻҪ֡
Ѿ֪жãûֵϰˣʧȥ˳УƫƧ֮غ͸ֹԴ࣬ƺѾЩִǰˣѹ벻ڡ
ѷڣѾϰ˵һԲɱˣǴ˿Ȼƹؾۼأǰǧ˵죬һԶȨ󣬵Ǵ˿ˣȴǲ֪аһأЩӣǳջ벻ԭֻŭֺͶԷһ£ȻҾǡ
ã»⽻153ЭԱΰСͺãԱţгԺ
»ˣһ۶ң˲ʨʲôʱðһ»
һΣȻҲûŪ״ȥʨǣֱӾͱʨǵҵȻ˵ҪºԼĴ󵱼̸ôһ
ѹᣬʨĴǸһٸҲҵҪ֪ؾۼغӴʨǱϵ鶼㲻ϣ˼Ը⣬ɾͿԼ
»Ҳû
ھΰĽ֮ͶҲ֪»Ȼ쵼ʨǡ³ǺۼһĹңҲ˵ڽ
ȻûʽǽзѾռȥͶĿɿڴһʼΪԼˣֲĩգΣķ磬ȻҪ
ֻǾҲؾۼûϵɣ
벻еԭԿλͶȥѯʵĿ⡣
ΰܳΪЭԱȻ棬ȻҲ뷨Դ˿ǴӰȡһļ˹ȥ
»ҪţؾۼأΧǧɽڵۼض»ļͬ⣬ᱻΪ߳٣ȻҪ»ͬʱ»ָɷǻ˺һۼءΰһְҵ΢Ц˵˿ûͶѸٳѪɫ
˵֮ΰһۣʾǸһӦ
žһҽߵһľ飬ߣ̰֮γǹָΰ
ߣûκε֮ɫǸ顣
ҲǼȷŭ»ȻҪǿľۼأȻͬ⣬ʵۣҪ÷Ҫ꣬ʲô»ȻĺӾ͵ͷˣȻܻʲôһְٰôܱʹ죿
γһذףǲͬأ
ΰƺѹûԷвһ˿мϷʵɫΰ¶·ڱӺͿǰˡ
ǲͬ⣬ǻᶯʱۼﵱȨ߻ᱻд̣ͳһ̣ڤ粻飬͵ظɱΰһһ˵
ǸңŲֵھͰ㿪ƶǣȻʨǴ˿¹ǵ棬ȻǻȥˣţֻҪ˲֪ɱɱˣ˭֪µ֡
϶嶯ܳΪۼص죬Ȼֻç򣬷ҲܳΪ졣
ΰðһɲ飬ԷȻôǿ϶׼˵ʵؾۼȻҲаǧˣʨûӱȵģҲ˵ǣ˵ʨǻҪǿ󣬺־ްΪУû׼
¹ϵشǻһ£Ȼȥ˵ȻҲĳҲһˣ˵꣬ȡһԪһƿطŪľĸߵƣЩֹһλ¸ʨǵһЩͼԱ˵Բˬ
ֻһΣȻʧˡ


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ΰЩֻţһСʱҪõȻ»ͳսӹҵĹһ䣬κκ»Ϊеģܵ
˵꣬ΰһơ
ʱЩ߳ŭ裬ǳ裬ǵµ棬ʨǵĹԱҲĵ
ӿһƵɱ⣬ؾۼģһжģκ˶ܶߣʨǣʲôƨ»
Ϸһ˿ЦѾƻˣֱӸɵΰʱװʲô֪ʨٹ߻ʵԶĪʨΪһ˻ɴַԼ
һ򲽣ǶԷִ㣬ʱԼкУȥۼغ͹ŴۼأۼؼһҲˣֻҪɽնĵΣʨǵҲûʲôӡ
ڿɲǾ磬ʨҲ˶һЩǹһЩɽЩƣûзɻ̹˶ɽ
еԭ
֮ƿһЩġʵۡһƨġֵԱȻԷ˵Ǹ߳ٵĹȥˣɵʱܶԷ˵νĹλԼƨɻûȣͱԷһɻɶҾֱߣʱԼʧȥһС
ⲻҪĽΪԼҲҪ
ɵƬ֮˵ݣһҲɭɭһЦΰžһǹ
ǾŶʽǹװˣһӵΰȴûӦ¡
ûпѪҺ罦ûͷǹǷֻΰǰĵطͻȻðһĨ𻨡
ΰ
ˣˣܿǾͷӦ˹ʧԪףϴŸƷʵԪף
ΰƺûбղŵӵŵɫһ»ԪףԵֵھǹԼµĹ
ҡǡʱЩˣû뵽ԷһССЭԱȻװûеĸ߼Ԫס
ԴԪĻʨǶɾӣһЩ߼һЩĸǽƷ
Ǿܾǵĺ⣬ҪΪˣΰʮֿϧҡҡͷԹԵ૵εĽˣ
˵꣬һ㣬ȻȡһᣬȡſƬ£ﵽԪսʿһŰ׹׵Ԫóֱ֣ɱ˶Һ
ȻԪ߼ƬٵĿټսʿ͵öԪĲϵʵͬҪǿֻܶ࣬Ƭ̾ͽȫնɱ
Ϊ»һͼЭԱΰЭԱĹǵõʨǺΧʮС;ۼصĿȨֻ»ҪĹ
˵ľʿѸײڶ֮ƽӹؾۼأЩʨǱߵľҪռһС;ۼؿ˵ûκѶȡ
ʵϾΰؾۼصͬʱڹŴۼأۼأͬ˺ΰһЭԱϼָļƻܺƽЩС;ۼصĿãУٶûѡ
Ҳ˵۶Էͬ񣬶Ҫ³»
Ŵۼصͼ࣬ǵͷҲǴ֮ˣûʲôԥѡ񳼷
壬һ鷳
ΪʵС;ۼǿģҵգҪʱзգ⿿Ϳ˵衣
ۼص鱨ѾǷգҲɳ˶ӦԱǰȥ⣬ͬʱսʿҲѾͷոմﹺ򵽵ʨϢĵ֮
ǧ㣬Ƿ滹һ㡣
ںĬĬоʱ򣬱ͻȻȥμӽ飬˵ʵ⼸ǹ൱УЩЩĻˡ
˻ң׿ĳ˴ˣҪȻ˲ô룬ͶƷҲˣͳӣշۼأӦòйᣬȻˣ϶д¡
˵ʲôҲҪֵĬĬУҲһѾϼúϧϣĺ£ǩһЩ»óԼ»ҪĴ½޾˵۹ṩ
һΣҲûĬĬУȻ̬أҲǵһʱ֪ʲô¡
ʱ䣬ǳ˶ţרŸȰΧٹڵС;ۼأռ鱨ƶӦĲԣҲȡ˲Сĳɹ̶ʱڣѾС;ۼصĿȨǸոյõϢȥϴ̸еЭԱͻȻʧȥϵһȥսʿҲһʧȥϰţѾѳְˣ˵󣬴˿Ѫ˴˿Ѿ˾·߳٣ڲǰͨԪؾԪļһ࣬ȻϢǳջ
ĻһߵϧϣĵĽۼص鱨ۼصλãͷ죬˿ԼһЩϢ
ɨһۣ˵ģֻһӵһǧ˵С;ۼأλɽӵкܶԸֵҲ˶ѣôһС;ۼأȻǵЭԱʿȫûȻ֮ǰõ鱨󡣡
Ҳôģ£ҪҪΣϼʱ˵ʿôΪ鱨ռµģϼгΡ
һʱ䣬Щơ
ĬĬҲǱոȾһߣ˵۹۹Ĵܵʧصʱ˵۹ڶಿҲ顣
ôǴô˳Ĭټϼ𣬲Ҳѹ֣ʿٶԪһ붼Ԫľߣʧȷǲˡ
鷳ĵطǵĿǰΪֹ֪ۼ﷢ʲôԷʲôɱôྫʿʱ̯˵
ʲôҲʲôʵȻɱǵˣҪΪ˸ۣʱһվ¶ɱҪȥһۼء
ʵӹɣ˵²Ԫؾͼʵǿ˳ͻӲǽǼͬɱΪԪļǿһ˶ԸԪļУѾǾԵٮٮˡ
´һʼ͸һɹŹֵζţһƫƧС;ۼأȻȫԼľսʿ
˵滹ʲôΪ֪è档
ҲΪֻ֪ڳǱоƬҵʧְһҲȥɣ
ĬĬͺ棬Ҫȥң


 
֮⣬˳ŹϵѾۼսʿ֮⣬һĽԱ
֮ģ֮ǰռؾۼصЭԱΰ˿˵ҪӦ飬͵ŵǹµĵ鱨ΪЩ鱨ʧ鱨ԱЩϣҲƴġ
ؾۼزһΰ֪ˮҪ
жΰǵһЩ鱨ģȻǱȱзǳĸ֣ӵйķַеԻһһ̤ĵؽ磬ͻУ·˵еĹǽһ㣬ΰɣ֮ǰսʿЭԱʧȥϵܾܿͺйϵ֪¿ʼΰ֪ԼȨ޺ҲֻܽеһҪϼ֧Ԯ
ڣûеȶãͿг˿ѾҹֻܿӰһӰ;޴ٶ죬Ȼգ֮
䣡
汻һǿ紵ʱʯҷɣľҰڣΰһĺӰͫһΪϳ
ǹ
ʨǣǣֻһڹ֣˵ʲô
ΰǱ෴ܴ飬Ҳƶ߳ΪһĽЭԱ
׹ʲôæǰȻӹϣӰ
ȿģǾемһǶƷɣһ󣬳֮⣬ΰһˡ
֪壬Ҳ֡
˺棬ȴһˣ˵Ļ͹ʨ³ľʦѧԺǽϣʨǵһίԱ»䡣
ΰӿһɼƶϲģǵһίԱ¼˵һίԱ꣬ҲǴƶ߳ģһֽϵĳݸС
»⽻153ЭԱΰ⣡ΰ˿վֱ壬һʨǾѧԺѧϰ£ǼٱҪеڣۼأҲԸͳĸо
ϤڣǻʨǣֻҪǼԼˣˣǶƷɺǣ˽ܳǰҲǶԼΪһţԴˣֻܱĽܣеʱ򣬻ôһϲ
ΰע⵽ߣȻһŮӣֻʶܾô룬Բͨˡ
߸ŵģȻ
ڸղ׼ʱ֪ĸûԣȻǴʵ߳Ҫ֪ԴӺ֮󣬼㲻һβǳˣĵܵ˻鳡֪Ҫֻ˵֡
Ҳȥ
û˸ҷԣǲᷴԣҹɭּϼƺŮһЩ䱸Ϳ־壬ȻϱͬŮߵ̫Ҳû˵
ԣҲˡ
ͷޱȣƺ̤ġ
վıֱΰ˵ͷûһӣֱӵΰ˵˵ڵɣ
˵ͬʱһٽپսʿҲ½ۼٶȣǵȻǱȲĹһΪʲôûгսʵûҪԸһС;ۼأսǾеû¸ɡ
ΰ̽ϵȥͬʱ˳ûӣϤʺϵģҺܶ鱨кܴһֶǴؾۼص˿е֪ġ
֮ۼغأȻصĲͨˣǸϴˡ
ǵ鱨ǰ廹һŵ˿ƵģǱˣ֮ʵǿԽۼأʱ˸սȨǰϴͻȻ֣żˣ˵潫ŸɱˣȨΰ˵
ϴû֪Ǵʲôطģ¹Ź֣ƽ¶棬ֻһЩ˹壬ϴһļˣҲһٳţƲϴǵʵﵽԪСʱǰҵͬЭԱ壬Ҫǹ˳ܿʧȥϵǵļƻЭԱʧʮӺ̲ȡж沿սʿ̽壬ǡ
˵ΰ¶һ˿־壺Ҳܿʧȥϵ֮ϼ棬ʱ䣬˼鱨Ա룬ֻһ鱨Աߵ罫˵һЩ˵Ķ϶Ѿȫ
˵ľЩɣʱļֽʵ
ǣΰ̵
ͷ˿ֽϼ¼ĶȤдǸ鱨ԱȥȻԼһǻĵط˷
ǾʹĿǰĹ۲ûֵطҲûпԼˣȻһֿܡ
ǿ󣡡ʱһ԰ŵʱ˵ʶĶ࣬Ȼǵóôһۣ뵽һ
ǵδȫûߣȥȤ̷ԸսʿסڣöƷɺʮҲ£ԼǴĬĬкԼʮ塣
ڣ˶Ƕ־ȻڰٹΪıȡλ¼Ѿ˼Ĵ棬ǽҲΪϼû顣
Ҫ־ֻ֧˾ֶӵȥ
ǵ
һʮ֮丰ӿ֪ˮжʵǿ˵ȥҲǱɡ
Ҫ壬ֻͨһʯţڿ϶رأŹֵǣûһˣҹɫ£ﾲġ
ȻְЩ
ֵǣڴΧȻûһֻʵЩ˼飬ֻһֿܣǾ˵ùµĶǸҿ
ˣᱻӵᣬһ˶ᣬ˵ĬĬУ󣬾ʮԱҲᡣ
ʯǰûʲô֣ǰһԵȴһʯš
һ㶣֪ΣգԼߣһůҲǸȥ
ʯûʲô⣬ɵȵʯŽһ˲䣬һ
˸оһ˿Ϣ
һ˿ϤϢӿ֮ɫϢʮأĬĬСͽû˿
˶һۣȻԷ뷨
û뵽ջ񣡡һȻǰ˴ӣԿΧһЩס˿̶һƬžĿ£ûһ˾ͷ֣Χ֪ʲôطðɫ


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ЩɫֵļΪͻأ·Ǵӵ͸ҲǴӿͻȻðһûзЩԴ֮֮䣬ЩѾΧľɫȫ֡
ٻūͣսΣмʮٻǵūͣγβ˵ζΡ
ūǱ׼䱸սͣսͣϵͣ˿̸ūͳ֣˱м䣬ˣԵһʱ䷢
ЩǽսʿÿϰѵĿ˵൱١
ǰԼĬĬУҲѹ֣һһǿĬĬжǳʦȻ죬Ųסˡ
ǻþƬ֮ͬ˵Щ죬ԼܷЩþΪһ󿨴ʦڿ󣬶ڻþڳ˵ĸӦҲܿٷ֣ǳԤϣǰһԼ׿ԽĸӦء
þǻþôò񣬶һþ˶죬ΪʲôǿԽͬһþҸоʵĻһĬĬȻЩţץץΧĺһжôʵ
ߵȼĻþʵʵΪ˭ỳʵǣ˭֪ΪʵǱ˹Ļþʱ˵һ˼ĻзһſƬȻһ¼
µϳһֻ˶ߵĸ󡡣
ûи˶ĵĸо෴ͬĳɫʯȻʣ˿̸ӣһǿ

ڣХǰḻ́һɢһ޴մֻЩͬһ㣬ɢܿ¾ۺϣɲǵʱ䣬˿е
ɫ΢䡣
˵ǽ֮󣬵һ¶ֱ飬ڵĬĬУڣټԼǷԪ弶ĸ֣Ԫĸ֣Ƥգһ£ΪڣԪѾ޷ƥеĴˡ
ǸղĶƺԪֻҪ鷳
˵ĬĬҲĿɿڴ·ŵɫЩսʿղŷ̫죬ûпԲʲô¡
ôˣ󿴵ɫ΢䣬̳ʵ
ûˣ˵˻ԣܿ죬ǾͷӦ˹νķӣķӣΧǸָķӣķӣҲʮ׾롣
Ǹղٻֻ󡣬һڴɢ˰׾ĺǺ֮£ʲôûУƽƽûзӡ
˳ԾˣֻҪϸһͻһ亹ӲԼʧҲ֪ıߣΨһĿǣӵĳȫˡ
Ҳ˵ڣѾˡ
ɫ΢ԭҪ֪ڵʵҪôƶһطԲܲƫƫûз
ȻһֿܣǾǻþӻڣֻǿѡ
ںǰƬ̣ܿų˵ڶֿܣΪǵȷʲôû۾ҲˣҲûдκζ
ΰ鱨Ա˵Ǳں˵ָʱ˵
ô죿һòʲôǰɡĬĬд˿˵
УһֱĬʱ˵һ䣬Ȼͷһǰһһ̤һ󲨶Ȼʧ١
ȥĶˣĬĬ۾ʵȻһǰʧЩ˼顣
Ҳһܿ뵽ղԼ̷Ӧʲô룬һ
˵꣬ȻҲһ̤ʧС
˵Ѿ𾪲Եˣ˵˿ʵȷֻǰһܴ֮ӺΪ߶δ֣ƻԪ˻þ
û֮ǰĵȷһּΪ߼Ļþ˵ǿþҲΪ
˿վһǰ治ԶԼĬĬУʮվ˫񣬴վ
ǽӣͱ˼ӳ˻ǽ磬ʵֻһʶ磬ǵȴǱ뵽ʱҪǣڻþﷴҪȫһЩʱ˵ȻȿþˣҲһ͸¶þķ
ֻʮֺ棬֪Լδֵ飿ңôƻԪþģҪǣΪʲôƻԪԻþЧ
߱˵Ȼɻ󣬳˵
˵ͷ˴˳ȥ
ӺܴλھԼĪٶ׵򣬶ҹɫµ壬ǰΪƻԪԵʣûٱþС
ǰ治ԶһԼսʿǸͼЭԱȻҲһ˻þվͬһٸһ㡣
ûжǣۼдŹ֣ȻҪŪ˵˶˷áΪ̤˲䣬ѾоһƻԪ
ƻԪƻеһԪ˵ƻĳ岿λ
ֲ鿴һЩӣֲԼľսʿ˻кܶҲһ
ľ񣡡ɨһЩ˵ĴźжϣҲͬжϣҲ˵ˣ뵽þУǲ֪˴ڵĻþʲôӡ
Ȼ϶Ļ֣ǲ֪ԷʲôˣΪʲôҪô
ʱһƺʲôȻ֣Ӻȥ
ˣͷһԼ֣ò˵ַǳƺСָܷϸֻôţһȻĶĸо
ֻǿǰĲô棬֪Լˡ
˶Ǹ֣ٶȼ죬ֻƬ̾͵˴ӵĺ棬һɽɽţǰһΧǽΧǽ棬ҲһЩֵ졣
ͬòʲôƵġ
˻࿴һۣĬϵǽͷȥ¾ͿΧǽĺ棬ȻһƬصأӰһӶھ򣬶ΧĵطѾкܶӺڳ
Ǽ˵Ķܿ죬һڳԼĪĿӶһҶƬ̺
̸磬ûУǸɳƵ˵
ҲûУڣһҪҵǸ̸Ӹݣ϶͹ȴǰݣһ˫۾˿˿̹⣬ҹ֮¿ȥʮˡ


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ԶڿӵļˣȻЩĳҿóǶ˵ǳҪ
֮⣬ܾʲôطԾǸ̸ҲˣƺЩϣȱһֶ
ʲôһʱ仹û
ʱһԵȻɻ󣬴˿̳ˣֻǼ˶ѣ
һ㶣̾ͷӦ˹
ڷӦ̸ǼʲôԾˣΪЩȱٵǻӦеǣȻȥͻ죬ӣƤ԰׺Ѫɫϸȥᵽһ˿
ھ磬ֲֿ˻ȻŷһȺˣڱ˵ʨǺǵСӶ£Ϊ磬ϵʵڲʲôϡеĹеСϴŴھǹֱɱͺˡ
˵˵ͷղѾ̽⼸˵ʵһ㣬ȫԪ
ԪһЩС;ۼǶսǷŵʨǣҲǷǳͨĴڣԪǿͺһ㡣
ϸǸ̸翴Ƭ̣ȷ˶Է鱨˵ͷ죬˿žֻôĻþҲǺйء
ûжȻѾѾȫƿأں뿴Щʲô
ֳµĻ˶ܿ죬һһһΣӶѻȥʮףȻûҵҪҵĶ
һƬĹأǴӣʮȻ˲һô򵥡
ôûУⲻܣҷܸܵ棬ǵĽ£ػΪµǱҵֻǲܻøǿǸ̸˿˵͸һ˿̰
ҲѾȥʮˣǳʯͷʲôûУһҡͷ˵
һڵĲԣһȥڣжڶ֮һҪҵ̸ԲĿĲݣʱȴǲʲôɻԣ˻þЩߡ
˵꣬һ˫â۾¿ȥΧǽʱһɭɭЦ
ԭұŪǣֻ޾ĻþǾȻҪôͱɱˣ̸һЦ̷Σ
ˣ
Ӧ죬ڶԷЦ˲䣬һˣһԾֱȥʮףٿղΧǽ֪ʱѾһŷĵƬҲϷתתһ̾ͻᱻɱ
ֻΧǽôɵƬʵǷ˼˲䣬ͬǻþ
һΣЩɫ΢䣬Ȼֶ̫ˣȻ˿ûв뵽þУ壬֪ԼľǼ١
һ̣ݵĵ̷˹Źֵ죬һõֱ۴ӵʬ˳
Ȼ֪ܿҲǻþЩʬʵǱĿ¡
˸ʩչֶΣ˹ʬֻ飬Ǳѵʬ塢Ѫ࣬ԼɢĶζʵڲǻþ
뵽˵ģ˭ܱ֤ΪʵǱ˰ŵٻþ
Ϊþ̫ʵͳʵ
ƻԪʱ˵һ䣬ΪڲԶðһЩ޴ľʬ֣ЩʬƼǿҲ࣬ΧȻΣա
߶δ֣ǰһ˺̴ӻ롣
˿ΧǽϣΧûʬ֣Զ̸˫ð̹⣬壬ȴǼȶģȻһ߲Ƶʬ壬һЩĵ滹ȥһļҲһ֮ǰǻһ˿ӣǴ˿̣˭˵ǻ˭в
ղǿǵӣҲǻþĻҪ߶ͿֱУʱ˵ȴȡĴ󽣣̸ˣٶҲֳ޽һȥ
Ȼ̸Щ˲Ƕֱͬ׵ĸһֻƬ̣ͱɱ⣬̸Ҳ󣬱һնɱ
ɾһ˲䣬ȴͻȻǰһ˷֣Χǽϣ֮ǰľȻһģһͷ·ղŵһֻǻþ
ɫβǴ䣬ٿ̸磬Ҳʮѿ֮ǰıкܴͬ
һ̣ΧǽƬӿʬ֣֮ǰһģһͬǰ̸һɱ
ֻɱ̸˲䣬ֻصΧǽϡ
ܶʼΣѾǷǳȷԷӵһּΪǿֻ˵ǿԡֻ˵ǿ
ǳԶٴΣֻҪɱ̸磬̻ص֮ǰĳ˵һޱȵĻ
ûƻԪղŵãԻὫǵļ䶼ĨҲ˵Լ֪£ΪƻԪԲܼǵЩ飡
֪ô֪Щģ֮ȥʮеƭԼ
㣬̸ѹ޷ɱĴڣ⻹ΪԼʵ̫ǿˣȵ̸ͨ޻˵˵㣬ͿԷΪʤ
ò˵һ̸ܵùΪĲͨĸ֣Ͳ˵ˣӵնɱԪǿֲûƽһԪ߼ʮּɵĴڡ
ҵӦ޻İ취
ܼ򵥣Ǿǲɱ̸硣
һǾôģֱӽ̸»ɱȻƷȻûٱ޻У̸ô޷Ŀơ
һ϶ȻйŹ֣Ʒ̸磬̿ʼŭ̸硣
ֶκֱô󽣽̸֫Ҳʵ飬̸ܺ˺ͻ޻
˼ΣҵǸٽ㡣
ֻҪƻԷؿںͷ­Ͳ޷޻
һԪ޻ôһˣʱ˵һ䣬֪˼ȷһ֣Ǽܽ׽ʱˣǱȻᱻԷץ㡣
ϸ̽飬ڷ̸ܡ
ܣ۾
ⲻ۾˵ֱ꣬ȡһſһСؾ֣еѰؾԲռģʬ壬ֵؾָţħʬ壬Լ¡
Ȼ̸ҽû֫޷ܿͱǵؾþַ̹ȡ


ڰ ƻĸ
ȡ̸̷֮һҽУһȻǱһʬ
ʵ̸籾ʬǴ˿̣ˣȻ֮ǰܱ֮ɻһĴȫΪһ˫ɫ򣬶˿ҲˣɫıʯֻǶ·ȥѡ
ɫ·һıʯ۾һ̵֪ʲôˣֲЩ˿Ըԭȫƻ۾ʩչ˻
һ֪˵ʲôһۣƻʮֻеӦǻۣ֮ЯԽҲþУǣ˸Ϊڻþ˲ΪԼѾеʬ϶ˣȻΪһԵʣ¸
ʶ̫಻˼飬Щ췽ҹ̷
˵ƻӵо޴ޱȵӵп˺һеĴ֣ӵп޸ĿֲŻܵ˵ļɵȻ˻ŷʬӡһ˵һȡһſƬһ׶ߵĹŹҰޣҰޣһǰצȻǳóھ
´һ㿪ʼھͬʱƻһ壬Ҳƻ࣬ΪӡƻУƻһ壬˷̵ǣƻһɽƼȴŸƻƻһ𡣡
ͷһЩţȻ൱棬ֻЩ飬ô֪ģ
ò˵һĬͶȥһ͵㲻һֱ֪ҵھͿԸ㣬Ҿƻһʮ֮һ
⻰ȻǴһ
ôҲû뵽Ȼƻһ壬Ҫ֪ƻһǵڶԪڻƽһĴڣڴ֮ǰʮֺ棬ΪʲôʹƻԪڿȻΪԭƻһ壬ȻǿʹƻһԪ֮ǰǸӻƽһڼּɵ˿Ҳ˽ͣҲΪƻһԵʡ
Ȼƻһ壬Ǻ˺ϲʵϣƻһ˶ʮ־ǵӣҪȻҲᱻƽһƵ·ߣҲһŹֵĴͳκ˱ɱǶ᲻ıպͻƽһλͬƻһ壬ǾȻ㸴ƻ񣡡˵ţҹɭֵ飬ʱαΪҹɭоͷӡһƻ壬ҲǺ룬ʱѾǱ˶ֽţϸգǱշ
ˣҺǵģҲƻһ壬ҵˣΪҸɵǵĿۣ֮ԲŴԸңڣ֪Եĵжǿ˰ɣʱһ飬ֻ۾
˵ͷû˵
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һ㣬˵ܿ
ûҪߣ㣡ǲ˼˵
Цˡ
Цһ֪ģƽʱƯȴһ־ǧ֮ĸоͬһıˣҲһЦȴͬһ㣬˲ڻеıѩ̫ŮˣǱ˿һЦݵסˡ
֪ΪʲôЦԲһ䣺Ϊѣʦ˵ֻѣһһңȥҵ¡ʦھʹ
˵ͷͬˡ
򵥡ֱʣ˵رĴ棬ͬʱΣաǿͲַ
һ۾ƻʮеЯΪµĻһָʴԪ˵һǿûкôҴˣΪҪ齨һǿκ˶вң㣬п֮ǰİ²ǸƽһҲаսնɱ˵
˵뽫ռΪУȻô˵ˣҲȥҪ
ȡߣﻹƻ֫ҪȻղǸʬҲᱻյҪڳĶƻĴ֣ⴥӵзǳǿںںƻ֫壬һһֺϳİ취׽ֱҪȻȵָǵһԸ㣡ƻȻ൱˽⣬ȻģҲʲô˵еʱ򣬲˵˵Ҫá
ҪھҲҪæԼɭٻ˳Ҫ˵ھһһѺ֡
ڿɭʱ۾һȻʲô뷨
֮ǰǸ޴ټɭ棬ܿͳһͨﵽͨò˵֮ǰǸ̸ʵ̫һ㣬ڸǿϣ˵Ķڳˡ

ʱ䣬ȥȴĶƷɺΰ˽˽ǽӹ壬򣬺ܿƳ֮ǰĻþˣȫӻþ˳
ֻһƬصأȴǱΪ˽ûκ˲̤벽
ˣĬĬҲˣһȻЩţǾȻڻþж޷룬Ǻ֪
ĬĬУһţȻ֪ЩһʦڻþﾹȻ˿֪ûһ취Ĵܴ
ǣһֱŶ䣬һˡ
ɭǸаСʱڵ˶ڳͨ£һֱ£˳һǧףſĶ
ͬһ룬ƺʲô֮ͺֲܶĸϵһ֡
ƻĲ֫Ѿн룬һʱ䣬˵ⶫһƻ壬ͺ͵ҹɭǸһһܶԸһΪ壬ôҲӦˣŲ˵
ô죿뿨ʵ
ԣ˵һǰֱ÷ӡƿ뿨ȻЩļֵܴ
ˣڰ㳹ƿƻĴ֣֮Ϳһǿ˵꣬ǰһץȻͽδָץסһȻδֱӴϸ
ӳֵ俨̽´ֵӳǰⴥִ˿ͬһһ·Ҫƿأ޷롣
һĸֱӽַ뿨ƬͬʱɭҲ


ھ ҵĻ
ѾŲ³ҪʲôˣͬƽĶһֻ˿̣ڶС졯ҪֿƬںһ
ò˵Ȼƿк裬붼룬˿ȴһſƬھ޴ԪѹںϳһſƬ
һȻ󽫿Ƭظ
һۣĿɿڴƬѾһӡ
ƻ棬￨ɫƷʣҪİϵԪԣƻͣūƻʱҲʱƻԪֱ߱ɢ
ʣĿǰǿһ￨ǹҲ޷֮ȣһٻ޴󣬸˵ƻĴںϵ
ҪںϳҲ˲Ѫ϶Ϊ˲۵ԵʣϾһֵģͬ˵ģһЩãͬǸ̸磬ֱǷ񲣬Լ֪ԼڻþУʹһ˫۾Ǳ˫۾ܡƣֶȻҪ
뵽ƻĶͻȻԼﻹһǸƻ֮
ԼʹòˣΪʲôʲôãƻ֮ĿƬȡ˹ȥӹһɫһ䡣
ƻ֮ʲôطŪģ
ıϣ֪ⶫдãǾͽƻ֮ľ˳һƻ֮ȡƻԪĻ㣬۾Ź⡣
̫ˣѾռƻһĲ֫ƻ֮ǸӵƻԪĳˣʱ϶ǿ˵ҪƻͶˣǱƻ־ƵĿܣ϶Ҫƻ񸴻ҪһѰƻĲ֫ô绹㣬ʱҾͻὫã·˷֮ɫ
˵Ҫһǿƻֻû뵽ȻѾռһƻֲ֫ûΪƻһж
ֻƾԼĹϵЩæȻҪġ
գƻ֮Ҳ͸Ҳûʲôã·صʱɫѾ΢˶Ȼ̸֪Ŀ˵ҪǺʨǣΪ»һӺǵûеִΪ˵ȥҪġ
ӹ飬ȻҪͣΰЩ¾ͿʤЩ
صǣͺкصŵоŲʼоƻ֮ôһСȻ
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˵ڵǺʨһƬȻ죬óҲԼĲƷȡܶмֵƷ
ϡнһЩеȻкԪ
磬ͷչĶú̿ʯ͡Դͬ磬ЩеԴѾ̭ԪõԴ˵³ǱѾʼ͵Ԫվһɣཫ»صҼҵƵ״̬
ĬĬз˵۹ҪȥȰ˵۹ĻҺ»ѹϵȻں֮ǰ˵۹ǲֹʨǺǣⶼʲôǰĶδزѡ
ڶͻص¾ǣΪжżҡҶҵĹϵ¾Ҳ»İͼһΪ̫ǿƵԵʣԭפ¾һͶĽܵ۹Ҳߣ¾ǡ
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ȫѡƶȣҲãֻװӶѣûʵݣ˲Ϊ𣬵ʱֻܶɱ塣
ԣίԱƶȽġ
ڻｫԼ뷨˵˵ıȻǸ졣
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ʵϣ˵֮ԭЩˡѾĻжһϢǾϹۡ
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ȻϼǼᶨġӵɡѾЩ½ĹԱ˲ֹһۣȻڽ»ϣҲֻһз磬Щ½ĹԱȷǳϼǵƢ϶ͷˡ
ԣǲͬ⽨νĻȨǾɣӦöҲǵķչо޴谭ͬίԱƶȻҪȽһ㣬ȨȦӣǽȫų棬õڵκ֧֣Ӧ»ѡΪӦòȡѡ٣ƶȣܳ÷չ׳󣡡ͷ˵˵ͬʱҲ˵ĵͷͣԶƺ
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˵һ仰͹ǵĺģѧҲֱͦӣϸ
ЦЦȻܼ򵥣ΪѾ˾ҵĻ


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ⷬ˵ˣȻ²ܣȴǷֺܶչԲиж
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ͬʱ¾ǣŶżҺҶҵ¾ǻȨơ
ԭңͱ
ҵļԼͶżԼԿ³ҲǾȡ
ҵʵϲûȫоһƽһ˽ӣԲ˵Ĵƽƽֻǽҵѷʱ¾ǣӪһЩҵҼƽҲ֪ҾȡΪТڴ֮󣬻һЩԪ˸ʬ
¾ǵˣһ㶼𻯣ƽȴǴͳ֮ˣҵûصʬ嶼ԼĺԺȻ˱һּС
ڱ£ƽ붼ûֻͨ˵
еʱ˲ģҹƽһصסϢӶľ߱ڣϾҲһ¾ǵĸˡ
ҹʱƽҹѣͻȻԺƺԼæ
϶Ǵ廷Ļ͵ɹС͵ƽаȡһѸװǹͬʱȡſƬȻ˳ȥ
ֻǵ¥ŷ֣ԼıھȻˣҪ֪ﵽԪľ߱ƽһ¥Ϣ
ùŹֵƽ̳ӣߵĺԺֻǵߵԺȴĿɿڴ
ںԺԼ˵ĹǰվһŶӰĹԼӶھȻĿͣȻھ
ʱƽͷŭˣڣ˿̣ǾȻԵھĹƽĿƬٻūͣǾǹһ
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ǹҲǸ߶˻˵¾Ǵһ³ǵĵطĸװҲ¾ǸȦϲƷ
ƽеףֻһڲΪĹǰǸŶ˻Ťͷһ䣺ӣ

ƽһ㶣Ȼүүֻ⶷ô֪ѵүүѣ
ֻǶһ䣬ƽջѡ
ᵽǼһĵѪҺˣʵ𶯣
㷸һ󣬹ǣƽ̸Լū´ֻһ̣ǰӰһū;Ѿ촦


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˵һΣҶһΣ˵õִУƽǲҶܿó⶷Ҫɱֱ練ơ
ǽĹ򿪣ϳһײġ
ƽһ֪ԼүүĹײģʱүүնԴ촦һǮ˷ϣװײᡣ
ǶһӣײĸǾ飬˵һƽĻ
˵ãӻڣ
ӣ
ʲôӣ
ƽɻ棬ͼһ㣬ڿгһõܣŵǣϾȻ˸ֿᣬȥʮ֡
˴ĳȡһſƬһ֣ܵӰʧǿƬȴǻʵƽܿһſƬĿƬкܴͬڿƬһӰӰʮֹŹ֣Ȼаֱۡ
ڿƬ棬ƽûпҶ˺ܿ켤һſƬƬ̻һŹŹֵĹ뿪ǵĹײ
һ̣ƽԿײһ¡
ƽпһ£ʵǲ֪˰ҹܵԼĺԺڿүүķĹҪʲôǹײ𶯵ľûк顣У˾ʲôȻԲ߷ԼؽƸõڣҪ֪ڵƽӦ˵̫ܱԼ
ٿڣƽŷЩԾڲ˫Ŀ񣬶Ϊմ˿վͬľżһһƽ֪ⶨȻǶʲôֶνڸˣ˵ʹõҲĳֹŹֵĿƬ
ʱһɹŹֵԪͻȻӹײɢһɺײֱ飬һ̾ͱûƽУײǴƵģƺʲô˹ײġ
ɫɢʮվƽҲǾ˺󣬺˳ֱʮ׵ķΧֻ˿̣ûټӣֻγһž޴ĺ塣
ʱƽоһ£ͷ·ʲôصڵһҾ徵ĲҽС
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ǲҽкĳֶ׽ȻǹЩжϣƺղɵվŲڷģǣƺڱʲô˺ҧ̳ԡ
Ϊ˿̴ģȫҧƤǳĴ̶
ƽ˿Լ¼ˣûʲôʱô£ǺеĶƺһп־ĸԴƽˣҪܣţܿͻѲӷȻ˹ѰòӵﲻʲôӦöʰˡ
ʱ򣬴ӺͻȻһֱۡ
˲䣬ƽĿɿڴޱȣֱ൱޴󣬹¶Ĳ֣׳Ǵ׳ޱȡ
Źֵǣ¶ֱûѪɫͬʬһ
ӻռҵǺܺ棬ܽһʬʲôӣȻһ㶼£ȤĿš
䣬һӴӰ˳⾹Ȼһ߳ʮ׵ľˣһã˫۰׵ʬˡ
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ʧƷȻӣȻ⣬ֵսǿ񣬴ﵽԪ弶ǲ֪û
ʬ˴˿˫۲԰ףͻȻͷˣȻһ㶣ƺĳֻС
ǡ㣬㲻ʧôôôˣʬ˷һŹֵĺƺʲôͷԣҵļǵǸļһȻɱˣҲĽ£ôôˣ
Ϊǵ㸴ģĪǰ飿ˣȻ˾͸߰ɣҪȥһӣպҲ¾ǡҲƺĳֻ䣬˵
ҲߣҪҵңҾ¾ǣżңҪżҳײǸҪȫɱˣһ˵꣬ʬƺ˿ȥ·ƻһУʮ׵ߣԪ弶ʵһţͿԽһݳ״ݻ٣һʱ䱾İҹնʱ˯б쳳ѣȻͷôһ˲ƻһУеãֱӱеıһץס
ҶҺܶҪԣҪԣҺޣҪ𣡡
ԽԽԶľˣƽֻоһɺӹð˳Ϊղŷүү
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˵Ҷ񶫣֮⣬ҶҵҲڳȻҶϺ֮ǰոմ³ǻһʽ豸ȻҲǽ˻ȥ˿ãõĹϵҲǺõĲˣֻҶϺ³ǣ¾ǣǱνȨƿ¾ҲһЩµںͶżҺҶȨΪҫΪѧͽҶϺȻҪԼһ
żǱߣҲˣĲǶżҵƶߣĲ˿ǶżҵĶڵʱ򣬾Ĳš
Щ֣ӵкȽķϵͳ³Ԫ״ͶԿյɱκδӿнӽ¾ǵĵˣƹĻ廷ⱾЩԾѾȷϹûκֵļ˵ͻȻֵġĲ˿˵
᲻Ǵӵ£ʱ˵֪мκ͵˽Ͼʱ򣬱ͨ½ͻơ
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ֻû˵꣬µϢʹ˻
ǾӴ鱨ֻһһʮϵľˣԪ弶
Ԫ弶żҺҶҶǵһڶԸԪļѾûѹԪ弶൱鷳ģΪ֮⣬ûһﵽԪ弶ָ߶ȡ


ʮ һ
ǻǲ̹˲ӹȥУĿǾˣУǵķвҲһҪǸɸƻǰֹҶʱ˵
ףȥҵѧͽѣһˣҶϺʱ˵ܵ۹ȻΪλĹϵ¾ǣͷʥǻڣǳȻĴڣΪʥڣ¾߼ûĸȾָ
ǱҲһ࣬ȻҲԲߣһԪ弶ʵЩмܣ˿ʲôʱϴŪһսʱԪ弶ʲôսһڻ˵һԪ弶Ҳꡣ
ĲҴȥǸˡʱ˵ֻһŤͷȴǿĲɫȻڷ㶣ûĻ
һ㶣ĲϽֱ飬ȻʲôĲһʧ
ĲĲôˣ
ǱĲŻعȴɫΪѿ
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ãĲȥϢɣģһԪ弶ľˣǰǻƥУڣӵԺԪ弶ڵǸ˾Ʋʲôˡ൱ĵġ
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Ĳɲϣں溰һȻ߳˷䣬̽ƻ̹˹ҪܲܺԪ弶
̾뿪ƻ̹ǶĥӲݴ³Ū̹ˣ͵̹䱸һսϵ޼̹Ҳ̹ҪһţҲΪڹھ޴ͳأԱҪƽĳ֮Ϊڻĺˣڹʱ򣬻뽫̹֧ܵŽȶ֧ܼܺá
Ȼƻ̹˵ȴӹɡ
ڶȥƻ̹ʱڶլ¥ĴϣĲ뿪Ķٶ¶ȰͲᡣ
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˲䣬ĲͫȻ͵ĻͷԶĵطȻһˣ⶷Ϣ˵ĲԪļʵ޷
ӸղŵĲȷԷŮˣһ˲䣬Ĳ뵽ʲôǾĺһָЩ
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Ĳɫѿųһ֪ܵǶԲ㣬ӣҡ
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㾹Ȼһ㶼ûб䣿ĲһŮʱ򷴵ЦˣǸطҲһഺǣĸطǵ
˵꣬ŮȡһſƬĲһǿƬɫ䣬æһ£ңҵЩˣ
Ůã㵱һչ˵ķݶϣҾԣÿһ㣬ûʲôģ
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ȻսʿʼΧûиҹΪûйἤŭˣΪǷ֣ѾﵽԪ³Ԫ̽ʮ׼ȷ̽ĿԪȼû˻˵ǿƻ
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ˣһһ֮ǰǸ˿ڣ֪˱һ㣬õİ취һԽģֻлᡣ
ŶѾܺõƻ̹еһȽڻ޴¾ǣԶİ״ƻǸʮ׸ߵľһֱۺͰֱӱ˺顣
Ԫ弶ƻ̹ǼͬսڵĹ£Ҳֻзһ·
ãڻϲƻ̹˵ȷȥһǣϴҪ
ڶ̹ϾҪڻһУһ˹׶༪٣ʱһ޴ӰͻȻԾͬһ¾޴ǽڰ㵲˵ڶƻ̹ǰͬʱ̹˿ˡ
䣡
ڵֱӱղŵǰĺȻǵڶ߳ʮ׵ľˣֻһΣڵûԤڵ˺ֻǱ˼סΡ
¾ǵ˶ɵˡ
ˣȻԵƻ̹˵ڵôǻʲֶζԸˣһʱ䣬жǷһɾ֡


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ڣ̽Ľ¾ǵѾ֪Ǹ߳ʮ׵ľˣǻʵԪ
Ԫڵ͵Ԫ綼ǶĴڣ¾ϤĽܵ۹˵۹ǿˣҲԪ弶۷塣
ɲԪǰǾȻǿһԪľˡ
𺳣ǿ־壬ٵ棬Ǿ
¾ǣ˿ѾһƬǽ壬ǵķݣǳĻŨ̡
Ƭ޷ˣǹеڶûãֻҪԪľ˴ɱ䣬¾ǽ¾ҪƳǡ
ֻûжֻǿһ۽ЩС¾ǣȻȻ̳ȥٶȼ죬һѾͿסʼǸʮ׾˵Ĳӣֱתһץֱӽ˺ѳһ޴Ŀӡ
ռѷ졣
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һע¾ǵĲ֮ҹ
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ңңһҪҵĲѰԱĲС󣬿˵ѾĲˣļѾ˷棬Ǿ޴ĽӡȻǸʮ׵ľŰ
ֻǾһҹѰңûκջɫ磬µȽûյƽֻ̳͹Գķ棬͵Ͼ޴Ľӡ
żҡҶһ¾ǵľٿĻֶԲߣȻ˵ĳ֣ǴǰδеΣУ˵Ǹ߳ʮ׵ľû뿪ѡ񹥻¾ǣǴӴԺ¾ǽڡ
صĲμ˻飬һ϶ûкۣΪĲڣֻһ˵˶żҵصʵϻϣǸûʲôʵԵİ취ΪǺǸ֮սûпɱԣʲô׼ٴϮûеֵֶΡ
ֻǷˣ޹ĴѾΪݹʱ˵
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ڴ˿̵磬˲֪˲˵¾ǣҲһ
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¾ǷǳϤˣżҺҶĹϵǷǳãѾͬ⣬»󣬻Ტ»İͼ
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һ鱨ǣһˣҲǸƻʮ׾˳ֵλãһסլڣǸطһҴߡ
Ӻ󣬶ǸҴߣһʶԷΪ¾ǵȨ壬żȻҵһһȻ󲿷˶ˣҲһЩˣżҲûжԸǣͬƽ
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˵Ǹʮ׸ߵľˣ֪ôģðһɲ飬Ϊ뵽ʧٵĲ
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үүˣ˵ҪǸ𣡡ƽܸɴ˵
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ԼĳɳƬһӾԶƬǼ˵ĺӰ뵽һʱĲἰľ£Ҳνġѷ¼
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ΪʼصľȻĲԪѷ飬ʵϣЩһĲûкܶĲϴм롣
ֻоͷƤ飬Ȼʼû⣬ôֻһֿܣǱĲˡ
öЩ˼飬ĲһֱϺ˵󣬴飬أôܻѣ
ԽԽľűʼǵһҳֽид֣ʹõī֭ͿԿǸոдȥġ
һۣһ¾վˡ
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ǣںܶʱڣʹﵽǣűʼǣ缱ǰҵ
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ҹ¾Ƿ飬Ѿ˵ˣҶϺʱǲŮλԪǰȥæΪ˿ǣԵŮҲûκ⣬ڿ¾ǵ鷳Ҫ
ΪʼǵһҳдŵģȻĲġԡ


ʮ ǰѷ
ү㿴ԵʱӦˣ˵һңҲҲңǷ˱˵ծξȥծˣȥҪ¾ǣΨһȫĵطܾˣúչԼ
ȻԣεȴȻʵжغ壬ģ԰˼ȥ⣬滹һ˼
ΪԣдһϾɱʼϵģʼϼصģǵĲѷ¼ࡣ
ȻһĲѷ¼ľǳͷβĻԣջǣһξȻһ㶼ûз֣ˣȻԼڵֻ˵ĲϷݵĺá
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ĲڵǸͨһַʽԲǸģʵǸԼġ
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˵ʵܺ棬Ҳ֪Ĳ±ʼǣһƬΪԼ£ȥѷ¼ĵطȥһ̽
ĲµȻûô˵ȴôһ˼
ĲǵľΪһξѾϾţµԼǵ·նҵһ֣ƽµıʼǣʱ鿨ᣬ֮Ĳѷ¼ʱ֣ƽĲѷ¼ľߣЩ󲿷ֶʧ٣ֻĲ
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Ĳʼдģһ˵ĺܲһʼûʲôֻжεʱ򣬲ǶǸŮʧ٣ѰҵʱҵѷڣʵϣǼ˲߻һ¼
˵һıĲǵʵʩһıĲ֮һ
Ǳƽ̨ϣһʼǣصľʮϸ
һ̽Ͳ߻õģ߻ˣֱĲ֣ƽ˸һ֪Ĳһο֮̽ǰʶ̽ʱⷢһµĹĹ
ǹĹǷһЩ鳹׵߸ǵ֪ΪǷˣһڵµĽ
̾뵽˱µĽȥΪ֮䶨Ȼкܴ
ĲǷ˵½󣬲ûиκˣҲǵ˽ʱҲֻ뿴ʲôȷǴ֣Ȼϱ˵ܵõһЩǸĲ˻൱صġ
֮ڵǸǼӶǵġجΡǸ£ȻһͨҪʮϵˡ
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˼Ǳصţǿޱȣһ˫ֲ۾֮󣬷·شԴĲ̾ιȥˡ
֮ŷ־Ȼض֮⣬ÿһ϶һŹֵӡǡ
һ·һͼֻΣȻӵаֱۡ
ڱʼϣĲñʻƳӡǵӣĲӡǳ֮ΪӡŰֱ۵Ӱ̾뵽Ǹİ˱۾ˣʵǰֱ̫ԣ벻뵽һѡ
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ֻǸ˵ȵԪ֮˱ҪӡǵٻصǸ½
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һԤУ˵ԼһǸ˱۾ˡ
ʣºΣգûиκˣҲûκȥһܺõѡΪ㹻ǿ󣬵æоƻ֮ƻĸۣҷǣһսǿҲ򳡡
˭ûиߣһСʱͳϹűʼǣɳǡ


ʮ 
Ϊ³ǵҪоɫ磬ɫϵļõһսϣֻܳڹٶҲҼΪԪںϣĲʼ˵ĵ½Ҳ벻̫Զչķٶȣһһҹ㹻ɵˡ
һһҹϾڹϸΪ˻ƽƿգ͸ѾﵽѧͽĪĵزʮѾȫգǸ߼Ҳ˲٣ʮװߣǽǿţԼĻƽߣǱߣҲ˿ҪǿһЩ
ϻƽߵĻԼƻ棬ڣԼʵֶμԪ߼ĸ֣Ҳһս֮
֪УѾɳ˼ҲҪӵĵزԪ˿̣Ѿûκοɾ֮෴ԪҪͨһЩõĵԪѾ֪Ѿ´˽ԲȥҲҪƽȵ̬ȥĸı䡣
ȵ˵ڶ糿ѾĲʼصһƬɽɽɽ·ûоͷԪںϣҲûнһƬ̫ĸı䡣
ȻĲıʼǲǳ׼ȷҵ½ڣԼĿǰĸӦﵽǸԼ϶ӦĲʼһЩΧرԵľɫͻֻҪϸգҪĿĵӦòѡ
һƬɽһ£ջ˹ʱķԼ˳ȻǴ͸һһһϢ
¿˿Ĳʼ˵ǽɽʱǴһͷĵطȥģʲôͷǱһɽϵʯɽ¿ȥͷ·һͷɽΪֻҪҵǿͷʯͿȷλ
ɽȥܿͷɽϣһĲƵʯ߶ߣٷɹȥһȻĲʼصһ
һҵˣ꣬ձʼ˵·ߣӦþͿҵǸ½ˣԹԵ˵һͷɽ
ʼأɽ֮ɽ·ʮͻһɽСϪǵڶر꣬ʼĲСʱŵΪɽ·᫣ʮֲߣӾѾȴΪߵɽ·ڵ˵Ҳƽء
ҵСϪѰұʼᵽһ·꣬ʱУ׳ſƬһ俨Ӱ俨ʧ١
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⼸ȻڣȻֻ࣬ǿ׳ˮͰСϪˮ
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ҲûʲôСֵģԪѷЩ˿ܼĳУѾ˸ֹãǰ˼ĵط
Ҳ°ʲôˣ֪һЩɲһԵԪģ˵еԪĿֲеڶԪģ˵࣬Ⱦָ˵ǣѾ԰˵ĳѾα죬Ѿ˸ǿĳˣΪǾʨǲٶ๫֮ǰʨǾǸǰսڳ˵Ķ˵ҲԤһʲô鷳Ҳǰ֪
£ǵĳ˻Ϊ壬һεľ¼ʵͻһ·ձʼ·нɽ﷢ټ
㾪ЩˣЩȥټѰҡ
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Щ˵ĹҪ˴٣ձ鶼ףЩֵŮԣҲһ׾ϡ
Щ۲죬˸Ȥ飬ЩͲһĶźܶͼͬ˵ͼһЩͼȴǾ˵һ£Ǿӵаֱ۵Ρ
϶ɺϣɭɽô԰˱Ϊͼڵ࣬ãԼӦһ̽
Щ˴ˮ뿪̸֮ȥĿǰʵҪЩ˶֣ʵڲʲô¡
֣Խɽܿ쿴ǰһɽϣһģСľۼء
ɽϵľѾһգľͷӣЩľʯͷľͷɣΪ̣ɽ䡣
Щ֮䣬Կܶ˴УվԶôһ̷֣ԼҪҵĵط
ܻɽмһɽͷߣǳְԲΣͬһڵһΧЩι״ɽ岻ͬɽȻЩŹ֣νĹŹ־ǣ̫ȻɵģΪһ㡣
˿ͬ۴һɽ壬˿һѾЩռݣǵľۼء
ϵĴ󺺣Űӣץ⵶ۼأԵˡ
ŶԷϿŵӦһͷҰԪ޴Եʮ׺Ǵ˿̣ͷҰȴѾǱ˷Ѫʳ
Щ˵ʮˣÿһ˶ǿ׳Ŀ£¡ٽصҰ⿸ڼϣһͺܲ򵥡
ٽһ۲֣ġ࡯ЩԾ
ǵȻӼ񣬶һץһŵҰȻһҧҰĺϣȻ˺һھ׽ѪȥʮֵײС
뵽һֿܡ
ЩǱˣ˵ڽԪ֮󣬾󲿷ֻΪߣӵǿʹÿƬҲкһ޷Ϊߣǻһ֡ˡЩ˵صǣṹᷢʵı仯޷ʹÿƬȴԻñȾ߸ǿԿֲޡ
ֱ˵ǳϡ٣ʨӵ˿ڵľۼأҲ࣬ʵҲֻǱһҪǿһѣʱƣ޷ʹÿƬƻὫǳ̭Ϊڴﵽ֮󣬱˵ҲᵴȻ޴棬ΪΪֹ֪ı˻ûпԼĿܡ
ô˵൱У˵ҲûһѾ𲽱Ե
ɽȴǿ˵ıˣı˼Ϊǿ󣬾ͬղҧҰ׳һԪߣƥУ˵ⲫѾԴﵽԪļߵĳ̶ˡ


ʮ ͼڵ
ԭӦúϡ٣ǰȻһӵ˵ı˾ۼء
ʱоԪЩ쳣̲㵽һŴȻһ俨
֮ûãǰɽϿգһŤһֱﵽʮ׵С
һ̣޴Ӱ
ˣһɫЩطѾãҶһֻۣʮңһҪߴͳʮףϱ鲼ӲĹǼף˼ϣվһŶˡ
ȻԶĿǿȻǿУ￩һ£ⲻǶ˵ô
Ǹʮ׸ߵľ˵ʬɵģǸʮ׸ߵģĲ
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ʮ׾˼վŵĶˣǸΣյĸоָоǸ²Ļƽһ塣
ֺԷ
˳֣ıһ㶣󱬷һ󻶺˰ݵ·һ㡣
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ֻȴǷһû뵽⡣
ÿٵοԽһЩڵۼأҲãսۼûãͱˡ
һڵϴΪ죬ϵƤѾ˺ɽʯƵӣûע⣬ȻǶ㵽˵ߣȻǱԷ֡
˷һŭץ˹һȭȥԶȻ˺ʹ˹ȥȴǽ˹
ֻƬ̣ٱ˴˷˹һܣһ˻Уʱ˾̾鷢ˣЩЩŹֵİ˱ͼڿʼɢֲѪ⣬Щ˵Ȼ󣬱߳׵Сˡ
ЩСһͬ̾һ񱩡һŸ˹֣ڡ֮Щ˵ʵһȼ
˿̣Լ·ǱԪԪļĸΧ
ӲӲһʱжϣȻܹѪʮǿ󣬵ǺЩ̾ˡǲһЩƴսſԶԸʮԪļ̾ˣ٣ǧӲƴɲһ⡣
ϵİķ˿ҲǷ˻У˪繥̾ˣó޽ʼ߶ɽǸ޴ȱڳȥ
Ѿ⣬ȻѾ˷֣ԼӲģֱӳȥ˵ʱԼٻƽߺƻ棬ĪǶԷܽԼѹס
һ˵ǲУţƾԼڵʵҪȫҲû⡣
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һ̾˺ţһǼǾ޴¾һװ׳ҳ롣
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ǰ壬ķſı˪ֱӽһ˹̾˱⣬һ߱񣬶ʱƣֱԽԽࡣ
ƾߣٶȼ죬ҿԷУܿͳ嵽Ǹȱǰ￴ȥѾȷĲʼϼصڣ棬ͿҵǸ
ֻһС鷳
Ϊǿ׳СˣסԼĵ·СˣһɫƤף߳ףﾹȻһʮ׵һǱȶϻ󼸱ץתһҵǿɲǿЦġ
һСˣǴﵽʮס
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˫־޴ޱȣɹȻץһͬСһʯӣȻ͵Ͷ
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Ƭ˲䱻һˮںĵϣһ̣𶯣¡¡죬֮䣬ӵϾȻ˳׵һǽɽڵסЩȻǳ岻ǽʮּӲףҲڶʱҿ
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һʮ̵һֿխռǽڵ컨ðشͻѾǲףһţǻƽļ̵
Ϊһļ̣δͻǸʮ׶۾ǺʵƤƽ𻯵ļ̵ҪɱӦ練ơ
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֮⣬ǧ˷񹥻赲ǵڣʮ˿һõļ̴˹
̴ɣͰϸʮףʮץһһĹǴܣȻײϣͽײ˲ѷ졣
ٽϳײڵʮײ֮£ײǵȵǿľȴһˡ
޴ĶѨڣ˿飬ȫǼ̡


ʮ ֮
ǿľˣѾǳһ㱻̲ǧٿףѪһأĲȻײޱȣǿһĻҲľЩ˷ֵļʵǿֲѨھȻûʲô϶ҲֲûжܵأֱӴɱ
ƻЩϰȥɱǸߣһֳָָ߳׵ľ޺ŭ޺Ǳ˵һͷ죬Ҽŵĸ磬Ƥ̿㣬¶ļ⣬ֱͬʯһӲ׳˶
ӶĳսЩֻ̣սȥͬڸһ㡣
ıͬһʱҲҪƻЩ̣ͬЩ̵Ӳȳǵ󣬺ѱƻһСģױˡ
ȻʱڣЩ˸ܽС
˳ڽ˶Ѩһûд޽һֱУūͣƽߺƻҲʱԼ
붴Ѩ֮ŷ֣˹ھĺۼ˹޽ɽڵĽٴһһɽ˹޽ģܶطʯשǽڡ֧ѾϨĻ̨ҲֲõһνĲǻὫﵱɹĹˡ
ֻһĹĹʮСռ䲻󣬵һжԵʮ־޴ĿȺ͸߶ȣøղʮ׸ߵľͨ
ͨ죬оԼȥǧ̽˵ףͨȷֵһ޴ޱȵĿռ䣬Ȼһ
С߶ٳףͬһڣԥ˽ȥ
ŷ֣ڱʱǸһʵϾ󲿷ֶ棬ۼԼһ
ڲȻпյģͷ·һһڱԵпյڲȥԿһ޴ޱȵԨжһײͷ·ͨͨ
棬һͻƽ̨ͬˮһԨϣһڶʮ׵ľ˱˹ڵϣ˫۱֧
ֻǿһۣ֪ѾˣƤɿݣ˷·˾Ѫһ㣬ȻѾò
Ǹƽ̨ϣ֮ǰ˺Ͷˡ
˿̣УǸһľ˴˿ͻȻһĻ
һûбһûɱҵĳˣҲǵģߣҪ뿪˵꣬ȻҪתߡ
ȴǶһʮ׸ߵľ˾һܳ־ͽԷץ˻
ʮ׸ߵľˣʮ׸ߵľǰͬСһû˿ֿ
ߣߣʮ׸ߵľ˷ûκЧʱǸ˵һιŹֵԣ𶯣𶯣Ԩͷ·ʲôֲĶڴһ
һĻҲǼΪ𾪣æ俨ԼϢ
ܿ죬˼ֻˮţСĹֳ棬еǷŴһͬһ㣬Щֳһʮ׾˵ϣȻʼҧƤʼѪ
ֻߣĲѪһֶԿǵĶƤڿٳŴɢŹֵĺɫâ
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ЩԱĳӴ˿̹ž޴ĶӣԨ
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û˲ҽУû˳ӵ𶯣һƬУһ俨Ρ
ʱƽ̨Ǹʮ׸ߵľͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣ˵ȻǸղʮ׾ˡ
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ЩԻҲܺãֺֻܰû뵽˾ȻһŮˡ
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˵ʱ򣬶дһ˿ŭ
ʮ׵ľ¶ʹɫҶԲǣΪ£Ҳ˺ܾããЩ꣬ôģ
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˵˵ȻЩʣȻʮֲĹȥֵ֮һˣȻֲͬӣһˣ½ûУԼҵ
˳ĬҲǳĬƬּ̣֪֮˺ܶ飬֪ԪĴڣҾò˼ǣǵ磬ȻǺܾǰһ֮أҲ˵ǵ磬һԪļһ֪Ϊʲôϻôھ˵Ĵ˵ϣİƥ˹ɽ񣬾̩̹˵ĺⲻǺɵ񻰣ʵܾúܾǰǾͱǵ硣
ʲôȻ£ʮ׸ߵľȻЩ𺳣ʵ
ֻ֪һЩѣոʳ֮ѪҪһʱ䣬ҽЩ㣬֮ǰ֪Щ飬һͿ׿ı˵һ
̿ȷʮ׸ߵľˣĲΪĲĴ׿ı
ǵ˺ܶ꣬ǵĳʼǾ˽̵ȵģǾ˺ܿˣΪ֮Ա֮Ϊ֮ءΪûԪΪԪһûԪ£һһǾһ岻ԸˣҪԵǵĳ˸ҪػԪ磡
ͣһ£ԣ˽


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Ĳɵľˣ˿Ҳһɻ󣬵˵Ǿģ
ûǲֻһ򵥵Ľ״ڲṹǾƵģǾһ걻ŵʱоģʵϣоģ࣬ཫ˵飬ǵ뵽һȡԪİ취˵ǰ꣡˵ﵱ¶һ̾ϢҲ֪Ϊ˾һ廹Ϊࡣ
һռ䣬ҲԪԪȻֻһ㣬Ҳһ־˴ֻһµĸáͣһ£˿Ĳɾ˵ķӦ߾Բȴʧѵǡѷ졣
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˵꣬Ԩһδһҵ𶯡
ԶҲĿɿڴû뵽ྐྵȻ磬ȻǾһ֮ء
ôžһ˭
Ұն˵ģ¶žˣôڱ˱۾ȡߵĽ£ĪҲžˣ
뵽ֻоЩëȻ˭뵽ǧ¾ȻڰοͣǸ֪ǽ³˯ſԻǿ
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ȻڲԨ֮£Ҳһֲľˡ
ˣӦþǶ˵ˡ
ʱͻȻһŭͽŲͷһȴǿȻЩƻڵļϳ˽ЩС飬ǧˡ
ߣߣ˴˿̴ţǱƽ̨ϵʮ׾˺Ͷ˴˿Ҳһ㶡
ʱ򣬴ԨһһĳӣһˣÿһץһϻԨͬǽ˴ιʳĳֲֿľޣŹֵǣû˭ҷЩһľ޳潫ȥ
գ֮䣬ȥı˾ʹﵽ١
ҪˣʱͻȻ˵һָıȥͬһЩľֱǼɱ
ֻƬ̣ıѾһ١
µıԽԽ࣬ԨҲԽԽ󣬶ѾԷǳԨ棬˻
ͬһҪų
˷ܺ޵ĺ
ʱ򣬱ƺ˻һڣʣµĽٱˣȫڵϣչֳϵӡ
˵ǣǱߵʮ׾˺ͶˣҲǰڵأͬҪӭʲôһ
Ƶʱ̸оһǿݵԪԨð˳ͬʱԿдĻҳԨð𶯸ԣһĹɡ
оȥͷ·һȻԨڣ
˿ĭҲΪţ̫ϡŹֵ飬ЩȻûô˾
ڣԽԽҲԽԽԨǷ̳ŨУһӰһ޴ޱȵ˳סԨڱڡ
һһϿǶĸͷ;Գˣߣƽ̨Ĳɵʮ׾ˣǸ˱ֱһֻ͹ǶԷƣͺʮ׾˲Сˡ
ȻȻⱲӼľ˵Уŵǰ
һ޴ģʣǵͼݵǸˣӴͼݣͬһǸţڵԪεǸˣڶ޴ģǰ˱۾ˡ˱۾˵ֻܴﵽһ˵һ룬Ҳ൱ֲˣ˿̴ԨˣҪȰ˱۾˻ҪСܶ࣬Ҳֻа˱۾һСǶԷɢԪȴ֪˺Ͱ˱۾˵ʵ޼
˱۾˵ԪȼٴﵽԪ˼ڵԼҲҪĴڡ
˿ԨľˣʵҪȰ˱۾СһЩҲӦǽӽԪ˼ܿԪ˼ֻԪ߼۷塣
ΪһֿҪΪ˹ڣʵָٷܴ֮ﵽԪ˼
һһ޴ץסԨԵͻһųɫ۵ͷ­Ԩð˳
һֹۣ̿
һֻ۾ͬ۾ȫ֮⣬ǿһ۾ʧˣ⻹һԪһԪľߣԷһ̷ۣ
һ̣Ǿ޴ͷ­һܣȻλá
ʱٳٶۣҲ֪ˣԷһֻۣƺԿһУ俨޷ԷĿ
ȵ̺ХķӦҲǼ죬ԥԼǿ￨Ƭ
ƻȳ֣ΧƽߣΪġ￨ѾҪðķͿֱٻĳ̶ȣҲǿʦ̸ļա
ƽߣԪ۷壬ƻ棬Ԫ۷壬Ԫ߼ӲӲҲ˿Ψһ̡
ȻڿǾ˳ֺ󣬾֪Լ뿪ˣǴﵽԪ߼ľԼҪ뿪Ҳ޷
ƽѾȥԨеľ˼սһӶԷЧѣǾ̫ǿˣǻƽҲ˺ԷǱԷΣӵͱˡ
ЩҲЩ˵ʵ࣬ǵĸͷߣǿһƻʲôƬ֮䣬ͱƻɱˡ
ʱԨлûȫĶ۾ͻȻһŭǿЩԵǻƽҲֱӱɢʱںپΡ
ûϵԷȻһ֣ȴǼæ߶߷ֻǾʱһ˭ûϵ鷢ˡ
ˣһΪֲ죬ͬ˽Сɽƿһ󣬽ֱ飬һӴȭͷ
һзʵ̫죬̧ͷʱ򣬽Ѿ飬գ֮Ǹ޴ޱȵȭͷѾǰ
Σ֮䣬ĺëֱҲ룬̼һŻƽһ޴ʯֵ֮ܵ
һԵֵԪ۷ȫһʯ֮ܣھȭֱ֮飬һ̣ȭͷϡ


ʮ Ѫ
ľ֮ȭ˼Ѫȥ֮ǰðôһ䣬ڰС
Ǿȭľʮǿ֮ͬĻеһ£ԭƵҲֱӱɢϴŵĻףҲ˲飬ѪҺƤ͸ͬһѪˡ
ƻµ˲䣬лΧֻУֻܺһ׹䵽ԨС
Ԩ·ûеһ㣬ͬһ޴죬ڰС
ˣ˿ǸľȭջأٿͷѾһƬգɽʯȫƿ·ͷգһ޴ľڴϣŰֱۡ

壬ڴϣ
ļңһʮƽ׵סȻСһӦȫҵǴƴⷿһסꡣ
ͷΣҲܻ㱣ʲôǲֻʶ´ϴȻ֪ôģ͵һϡ
ӵ֪һϰÿ춼Ҫ
ʱƺǵò飬һ棬Ѿһд¥ǰһ̨ԣΧæµˡ
°ǰݱŪãסǷǳҪı棬ǼӰӵҲҪŪãһװ߹˵ôһ䡣
֪ôģ˾ʮջ𣬶һ̣Ȼһȭ˹ȥֱǸ˱ϣŤһ
Ҳ֪˶ã֮оûжãԼһŴϣϳ֮⣬һˡ
һŮˡ
㣬ϣͬצһܽ
ˣ˴ܣŮ˷һ֣һŮϼ
ʱϼֻЩʪģͷҲʪյڶͷϡ
û˵ϼ˰죬ų̾˿
ԭֻΣ
һ仰˵˷·ʲôץһѣȻһ̣۾
һΣȻξ
һƬڰĿҲѿʮģҲֻܿһ֮⣬֣ԼƯһ̲ˮϣϲһŹֵߡ
㻨˺ܳʱ䣬Ż֮ǰ顣
ǸͻȻľȭһУ˹ȥѾ˹뵽ղŵΣЦһϲŵĲһ˿ҵϼƻ棬ΧǶĳˮʵ޷е龰Ϲ
ˮУ־ʬ壬Ǳƻɱġ
֪һԼ˵ļأڵڣӶûӶƻ棬ֻҪһͿԸƻ´
ܿ죬潫קһ̯ˮıԵȻ˰ǳ壬¿˿
Ϊ̫谵Χľ󣬵ȷһĿռ䣬뵽֮ǰ;սĳԼԼеλãѾԿ϶һ飬ǾǣԼǵ䵽ǸԨײ
ж̧֪ͷ棬ʲô࿴ֻһƬڰ
оڿʣǴ˿˫ֶѶֻϢƻǽм䣬˵ʵûκһһﶼܽأƻԪػĺаȫС
ﲻ֪ʱ䣬ԼϢмСʱֱ۲ܶæȡˮƿˮС
Ͱ࣬ȡ˿ȡȪˮɫᾧȽˣֻһҲԤϣڵԪȻȫ飬׻꿨ҲƬҪȫָԲǶʱɵġ
Ҳ׻꿨꿨Ȼ飬кڣֻҪؾۻ꿨ͿԻָʵˣôһ£㲻ԺҲǷˡ
֪һ㣬ҲǰңֻҪָҲ֪Ҫã죬£пǼꡣ
һûԤϣֻֻһһȽƻָԪȼָ֮뷨뿪
뵽ԼľȭҲһüĿȻûмߣһȭƽʯܻ֮飬ٽԼԨԼģͨԪ߼ĸҲٽǾȭðһ޴Ӱ
˱۾ˣ
ֻֿܣ˱۾ˣûκκøУǽ˳һȭģҪֻ
ԨײӦþ֮ǰǸ۾˵ڣ˿Ǿ˳ȥӦòٻˣţ۾˳ȥͰ˱۾˳ֿ϶йѾѣ֮ʲô²⣬һȥڽ³˯ͬ廽ѣһȥҵǾһĳ˸
ЩǶ˵ġ
Ǹ˵ݣѾ³ˣĲἰĿ̽ӳԱ磬ֻ˵ӣʲôԼһͷˮ
˼ʱԭžͻȻһƻ漫Ϊֱӣ˽ļơ
ʱƣԽԽ죬ֻͬһϱڵܣԽһ
ֲ̫飬üӲޱȣ˿ҲֻǳԾͺ棬ȴû˿¡
ΪȻˣпƬ
ЩԽԽܿ죬ǰӰһ˱ǵĶҲϯ
ʮ׷ΧڣܿһЩģǣЩ֮ǰľ顣
ֻ˿̣Щ̫ˣ˽ľ룬ԺĿЩݣЩԽζֻʮֻȻҪģǴ˿ǳǧ
ɲˡ
һ̣ЩƻһʱӦ̿ʼȳ鿪ʼ飬ǸסƻһιЩռƵĹǰ̣η
Ϊ̫࣬ƻ棬ҲкüûзסһЩ鹥ĲһɱЩ飬ǲÿҲҪԪڿտҲȻ޷á
ΣֻԪٻһЩǿūЭ
ʱƺоʲôߵϢϲüңȻƬ֮ԭɢĻƽ¾Σǰ
һ˻ƽߣǰȫ߹Ƭ
ڴ˿̣һŹֵЩ龹Ȼ·ʲôһֹͣ˹ͬˮһˡ
ЩѪ潫㵱ߣԲŻֻû뵽㾹Ȼţ˱۾˴һȭܻŵģ塢ﻹˣΨһһһǰӰ߳һˡ
Ƕˣ
ϵĶʮԣֻüȻû뵽˾Ȼ׷


ڶʮ 
Ǿ˵£Ȼ֣Ҳζž˻֡
˵ԲһϢȻƽ¾ΣƻڣκԪԼǰѾͬϣɱ־ɲǶ֣ԭİȫеȻ޴档
˵˱ʵͺǿ
ƺǿ˼˾ȻǷһЦʱǾ߿ֲĶˣĲǸԸʣ˵ľ硣
˿̶ˣҲǾժ˶·һͷ㷢һʮŮԵݡ
ᣬƯ۾ܴ
ֻȴļǵãĲ˵ѷʱ䷢ʮǰǸʱѾһʮŮˣӦһͷףƣݵڣȫĲһ
ƺʮʱûӰ쵽һ
Ȼʲôԭӻ˥ϣȥͬഺפһ㣬˿̾ףھұ߲£һӡǡ
Ǵ࣬óǲǴô򵥣ΪɢĳԪһΣŰֱۣһ۾ϳǰ˱۾ˡ
㲻ҪģѾ뿪ˣʱ˵ˣһ˵һߺǺڴðĹâ
˵ġǡȻָľǰ˱۾˺Ͷ۾ˡ
Ǿ磿ʵ
׿ıܶ飬ʮǰ飬Ѿ֪˰ɣƺһ㶼ʶ
˵ͷ
ǿԼͨˣ׿ıңǿҸղҲۿˣû˭ڰ˱۾˵Ĺ´ǵһһϿѾ߱˺Һʸ񣡡̯˵
ʲô
磬Ȼ¶˵Ǹ𣬶㣬磬ǼۼأļƯˣ
΢΢üȻ⾰ѾԼˣڶԷ˵Ļûбֳ⣬ž翴˰죬ŵҪ˸𣿡
һΣǾɫһ䣬´һ¶һ⣬Щ˵Цݡ
ԤϵĻҪܺãֻʸҺֻҺܺ棬ô֪Ҫ˸ģʵ
Էôʣ֪̾Լ¶ˡ
´һʼ;ЩԾ˵¾﷢¼ǶˣҲǾȥķĹʱΪʲôҪƽôһĿߣɱ˶Էھ˵Ӧһ׾ٵ顣
ûУֻ˵һ£Ϊ֮
ĿģܾܿҪƽ龭ȥԣûбҪôΪ˵£ǸӦôһɵ㣬ڶ˵ʱע⵽ˡ
֮ĲԣҲǺޱҪĶҲֹĲԣᶨĲ²⣬ǾˣΪʼǣ϶˻ҵȻ˲һԼܿˣھ˵Ӧò˭ֻҪܺ
ȷԼĲ²⣬ȴ֮ǰƽ̨ϣԵ޹ʺĲ˵һ
ϣ˵Ĳģʵȴ˵ԼģҲ˵ǸʱѾ֪ԼǱˡ
Щ˵Ǹˣǰߵǰ´һȻһҲ֪ΪʲôҪ˸𣿡
Ϊ½ǵĲһƭĸ֮һϵܺã˵½ԼȡĴ룬ǸʱȷǺĲǣʵݵģǾˣ˿ƶ˵Щ֮ǰ⣬һ𣬾͵óôһۣҪ˵ɣǾôΨһɡ
ȻĻ󣬾ϵЦûˣ˲һƬ䣬͸һɺ⣬ͻȻû׿ıȻܺޣǸʱΪ˻Ҳֻˣǲֻ֪ǱȶΪɱ½ǵģǾˣ̳½ǣһҾͷģ۸ʲôۣ۽ҶҪҪ½𣡡
һ仰缸ҧ˵ģС׿ȥദһȻַŭܾˣһ̲ͷųһ㡣
Ǵһ仰ϣ֪Ǹ½Ĺϵжôˣ˵ǻµĹϵԼ˱˳ˣԼҪӾ˵ô꣬Ҳ൱˲ˡ
˿̣ʮŮˣԼҲһ㡣
ôô£ظһ˿侲æʵŮ˻ͻȻŭûɥʧǡ
ƺ侲˼Ȼ踺ʮ꣬ھ˵һж˽⣬Ҫʲôǵʵǵ㣬Ҷ֪ܿϧ;˱ʵ΢һ˸ûɱǣΪҵԴǾˣԸ⣬ʱҵʱȻǲܸ𣬶һ֪ǼΪ̰壬ǻ򵱳ǵĵ˸ȻͳԪ磬࣬ȻҲ֮һΪһЩԭ򣬾˺ϲˣֻʳɾ׳Ϊ
֪ⷬǾʲô˼ˡ
ڵѾ֪ˣΪѰһԴˣҵԼͬ˵ģǵĹУΪ˸𣬶ԼΪ˲þ˶ɾ޴ƻ
ˣ˵˵ɣֱ˵
򵥣ҿԸ;˿Ը˵㣬㣬ɱǣǽȫɱ⣡۾ðһɱ
ָܻڵ𣿡һʵʵģأλָʵڵ׻꿨Ҫ⡣
ֻǾ޹İ˰ֵΪǱ˱۾˴˵ģھһǿߣߵȼľˣǸҪܶ࣬˵ʵܻѾ漣ˣһҰﲻ㡭
ҿԸһöӣľӣ㲻õʹúᱻ˿ƣӣʵǿ󣬶ҪʱԻˣǿɱķ
˵ȡһſƬ
һӵйŹͼĿƬһͼüһ㣬ƺԲϷŹâԿԸоƬ̺һԪѿ״̬ȻⶫɳȻʮ־ˡ
ʱͷڰͻȻһ춯ɫһ䣬æôʹãҪѪ棬ʳ˾˵ѪҺӵԪԸ塣


ڶʮһ ڵص׵ľʯ
˵ţιʧٳֵʱѾץһ޴飬ԺĲͬƤӼͣȻһԲһĳ򣬶Ӿ޴ȫʳľѪҺ
ͷ𣬾ǽæ߶һſƬƬɵԪѪ壬Ѫ澹ȻȻʹ󣬱һž޴һѷ죬ֱֳͬüͷ
ֻǽһǺ޵飬ȻͻȻ֣һԪƽߺƻ涼һߣץסӣȻ˲һѷ죬С
󣬾ûǼϣžڱԵ׸߶ȣȴǿһ߳׵Сұ£Ȼһ
ָʹˣʲôС˳ʵȻ֮ǰ˵Ǹ죬˿̲֪ʲôʵȻ࣬ﵽԪ弶۷ĳ̶ȡ
ʲôƺòŸ㣡ԲôҲΪĵλҪЩ˸ߺܶ࣬ľӣЩˣֻһͼӡǡ
ǱЩŭ뵽ĵλҲٶ˵ʲô
ߣȥҪȥľˣҪһȥЭסǵݣʵıʣ˵Ҳ˵ȻҲ⻻һ˵죡˵⣬ȥǱȻв֪ԼԲλָʹĶֻ֣ٶԡ
뿪ֻʣԨǸ
ǿ֮ǱֶθһԷٶȣѾһ˲䱬ԪʵǿĲ˼飬ȻԱ˻ƽߺƻ档
ֻڽ̷֮ûƽߺƻ治Ҫ磬ΪǳԪҺ壬ҺֱѪľҺҪãԪһϿڰԼ
ȻˣԼǿֻҲű˵ˣʮأĻҲδؿţ˵ǸԼһӣᱻ˿ƣûӦһ۱ȽϺá
ȻָһЩԪȻԻƽһѪ̽
ܿ죬ͷ˶ߣڵҺ嵱УһɼѪҺһѪҺűŰԪЩѪҺܿγһģΣҪһʶνġӡ
뵽˾粱ϵӡǣѾ˼ƽϣӡǺǻȫӾĻν֮Ĳޣֻӡ̺żΪǿһʣҪãôãѾԼ뷨
׻꿨Ѿ飬ûؾۣط׻꿨ĲкƳ⣬Ȼ׻꿨Ƭ;ӡںϡ
һʲôèҲ£ΪһȫԼԦֻҪ׻꿨ʱ¾ۺϣôͬǽӡǡ⡯˻꿨УʱԼ޷һǾͳ׽ӡ꿨С
һ·ûԼѺڲεϣκʱ򣬶ҪȨ
꿨ƬǾӡںϵĺܿ죬һӡǾȫ꿨գ꿨ջأһȻʱ޷ʹӡǵٸһ㣬ɲɵʹӡǣȻ˿ơ
˿̣պԨľƺӦʲôȴǻͷԨ¿һۣ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݡ
ȻһˣȻСģֻҵ۷ѣӡǣʵץס˲䣬Ѿ壬ʵǿҿǺ;˶Ƕ³ʮܻ꣬ڣֻһˣСҶ㻹۵㣡˵˼䣬Ȼá
ҺҲˣֱӱ۾ʼϢֻǺܿ˯˹ȥ֪˶ã˹
ΧɻҺ壬ѾܸоЩҺѾٺԪҲ˵ӦǱԼȫ˲Ŷԡ
ȻˣҲˣһ˺ֱӽ˺˳
ԨصôڰоԼҪ˺ܶ࣬ʮڵľܿˣ֮ǰֻܿʮҷΧ
ƽ߻ƯһԣƻȴӰԪӦһ£֪ƻڸҲ
鿴һ壬ѾȬֻڻ꿨ûлָҲ˵޷ԼʵǱ֮ǰҪ̫ࡣ
ʱͷһ춯֪ˣҲֹһкƽߣһȥڲ֪ʲôǰǳ鷳Ǿ磬һǣԼҲ鷳ʱⲻһսǾսġ
ƻǱ߸ϢƻĸӦǱȥʱͷҲʮ޴Ӱ
ʮЩӰͬʯһ£ȴʮˡ
ЩҪ֮ǰĻҪǵߣ͵ҲϣߵģѾӽףȻһͬըһ㣬С
Щ˵ʵҲ൱ǿǸ߾׵ıˣѾԪʵмԪ弶СģҲԪļ
ǸŮ˿϶ʲôң˵ıˣȻ֮ǰǸˣ˿Ȼǳþ뿪ȻѰҡ
֪Щ˺;ìܣóЩ˲⣬սƽߺƻ׽ЩɱôΪ֪ݾߣһǾû뿪Ӿʹˡ
˿ʼ˽Ѳ飬æܣȴǿһұڵ棬һ߶ߵĶڣƻϢǴ洫ġ
ҪЩˣʺ϶أǣ˽ȥֻûз֣ıѾһӡǡ
ͨխƻڿֻͨһû¸Щʲô
ǰ߹հ֮󣬲ųͨһտĵط
ֻǵĿɿڴ
һȻĵܶʮ־޴ƻ˿һߣ̳һȺŹֵĳӣӣƻϲЩӣھͨҲ϶ǱЩġ
ĲЩӣԶһ
һ޴ľʯš
źΧұڻȻһ壬߶ȳףʮֵľ޴õľʯҲʲôʣǸַģȻһ
ԨԱߵһܶôô޴һʯţʵЩŹ֡
̾ͱ˹ȥ
ֽ̰Եƻٻ˹ǰľʯ˹ȥ


ڶʮ 
Ȼ¶Ѩڣ״ʯͷһЩڵԪ綼ԼĸֳӣЩʯͷΧС
ЩӴСһСģҲ˵ƣڵУͷƤ飬ǸͷСȴǳŷݣȻΪײС
Ǵ˿̣Щȴǵˡ
߹ĵطɢӣͬһ˿˿̻޷ۻ꿨һʮֲ죬Ҫ֪ƻ棬ղ̳ЩӵʱЩ׺ĳӶǰ˺ҧƻ棬ûһ˿ӣ˵˿Щܣ϶Ϊƻ档
⵹ˡ
ѵǺµߣ֣ûƽǰֻǽɻ
ΪЩӣȻȻЩҲڶߡ
ô¾ֻһֿˣЩڶԼ
֣ۼвǴ۷״̬ԼҲȲϻƽߺƻ棬ôЩΪʲôԼ
˵Լʲôͬģ¾һ˿ƽһѪȥֻ뵽ֿܡ
ôҲһֻһСЩԸ㿪ãϾ˭ЩĳӶһƤ
Ǿʯǰ֪жͬǶһʯϵıʯԸо⾧ʯżΪӲ澹ȻӳżΪǿĿ
ΪʦԲܸоõȻʯĿȼܸߣٴﵽļ弶
ãǾǷա
ӳֵĿǷգþγһָκ֣ͨʯǿһ֣⿨ĵȼµ
弶󣡡ͷһ˿亹Ҫ֪ѾڿѧʶվԪĶˣԪ֣ҪͻԼĿ󶼺ѡ
ɴ˿ɼ弶жǿû˵ĸ߶ȣտ弶ôԪ߼Ԫ˼ĸ֣Ӳ򿪡
Ҳ˵һַǳصġšνţ϶ǻͨĳط
ĵܶȻôһšȻǱ˺棬Ͼ˭֪ŵһʲôط
Ȼţ϶޷򿪣ֻʹáԿסſԿţСĵ
Կף
ʱͻȻðһͷͻȻ뵽ԼϻһԿףֻԿ׺ʯûйϵͲ֪ˡ
ȡһſƬһſƬǡԿ׿ڰٹ֮Ǹ²ĻƽһٻһǿţħһԿ׿ǴţħŪġ
ʱͿʦ˵ǵڵԿס磬ǵԪһɲ֣أֻк֪ĵط
ôȻȻ뵽ǰ޴ľʯţ᲻ǵڣ
һһ˺ģǾǰͷţûκԥԡ
Ҳʲôʧ
뵽ǼԿ׿⾧ʯŵȷǵڣôӦûʲô鷢ǣҲˡ
Կ׿ܿ컯һ⣬һɹɵԿ״Կ׷Ȼͬһ˾ʯš
һֻǷգ֮䣬շӦһϲû뵽ȻˣﾹȻǵڣҪ֪羿ʲôطͿʦ֪ԼȻֱܷ֣漣
ֻǽһ벻飬⵼¶Ժں˵Ϥţ򿪺ǧɵվſڡ
ϧʱû־Կ׸ոû뾧ʯ֮⾧ʯϾ̷һɹâһǿϯʯΧ֮ڵһȫ˽ȥ
ƽߣƻ棬ȻҲϰָֻĳӡ
Ƭ֮һʧ٣ʯϵĹâɢȻָԭӡ
ǰӰ仯Ҳ̫ˣ˭뵽ʹԿ׿󣬾ʯŻͻȻԼ˽ȥղһΪӴ󣬱˵Լǻƽߺƻ涼ֵܵ
ԼڴԽһֿռݣﾧʯŵһˣֻⲢõ飬Ҳļƻ֮ڣȫһ⡣
˭Ҳֲϣ׼˭֪ŵһʲôٵԼ
ҲǼĹͱ׳Ŀռݣżŵأվܿȥͬޱȣһ̣ƽߺƻҲ˳һɳģϰֻӡ
ЩӹǱתˣ˿̳һͷת򣬶ǷӦĵһ£Զ
Ǹռͨʧ٣̷Ӧ˹
ǵţҿ⾹Ȼǵţôǵţ˿ʧеⲻʧɫʵȫļƻ
ԭʵָһЩ󣬾뿪ǸԨǣȻ󽫾˵ˣͬʱη˵顣
أԼȴܵ˴˵еĵ磬⵹Ҳˣ鷳ȻǴӵģ˵ʲô
ֻܴӵͨУԭ·أҲ˵ʱǻزȥԭˡ
һȭڵϣйŭ
أ
洫һͳȻΪӲҲʮƽ˿侲
ȻѾˣô˵ʲôҲûˣȻ˵磬Ǿͼ֮֮뷨ٻȥͺˡ
ЩʱҪ룬ԼʵҲţ˵ǿūڣǵӦҲȥ硣
ƽߺƻȿԼӣֻҪõʱٻȽϺãͬղţʯֻǽԼûūͣôԼͬʧȥǣԼϤĵ磬һСΪϡ
ǿٻͨﵽԪļսʿʵҲеĺ֮أͿﵽԪļϵֻӦģҲҪĴԪ
ԪļսʿѾ൱ֻͣǾ󲿷ĵʲôã̽·ӦǴ´ࡣ
˿̣սʿֳֵܣһǰһվߣܿ˿ȫһƬڰںڰУȴǿԼ޷ֱ棬ΪЩӦǴӺԶĵطġ
ڵĵطܿŪˣһһƽ׼ĵطǽڣǰһͨͨʮףңڡ
սʿ˹ȥںѡ߼ǰƬ̺ǲڣƬ̣֪ʲôطˡ
ԹﾹȻһԹ


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ʱھۼؼԶĽͻȻһ޴У󼸸޴Ӱ˳
ԶۼصǻǿĿ޴ޱȵӰ
磬˸ֹ࣬˿̻ǱӰסˡϵǼеʱҪ;ϵս࿴ʮҵľˣѾ൱ǿˣҲǼ޴֮һ
˿̺Զ޴ľ˱ǰǼľ˼ֱֵһᡣ
޴ӰͷСһģٳףͷϳһ޴ĶۣſֲĺǸͷߵģ߾ԳİףһŰֱۣԶֻǿһۣܸо޾ѹ
һ̣һǸŰֱ۵ľֱץȥ¡һ飬˱۾˼ھ򣬾ۼصǶԸо洫𶯡
˶ҿȻûдŹǡ
Ǹ۾ˣ˿ŤͷۼأȻ˹һ³ȼ˵Ŀֻš
е̼ᣬҪ赲ǸˣǵľۼأˣΪ˰ȫϳ룡ۼصָӹٴ˿̴ʵǿľսʿԼūͼᣬͬʱھۼصĺ󷽣ʮǣʽũڣ˿ҲװƵԪڵЩǾۼǿĻֻǿʱŻʹá
ۼصʵԲСЩڵǻһЩһָװڹܳʮ׵ĵڡ
ֻڣֻһţڵҲֻԳκεڵɱ˰뾶ﵽףһ΢ͺ˵ˡ
ۼʹùһΣһΣŵʮԪļĿֲǸʱʵҲԪ˵ûκʤ㣬ƾڣֻһڵͶɵʮԪļʱڵĳߴס
ܿ죬۾˾ͽӽۼһﷶΧֲֿľˣۼصָӹٵһʱ´ڻ
ʮǣʽũڣͬʱ˺ŭ𣬾ڵĵطϣ̱ʮţֻľǣֻ΢΢ͣһ£ǰһȻǾԪӳָװļũڣҲ޷˵ˡ
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Ƭ̺һ޴ŵڻ
ۼںܶ˵Ķ䶼ʱʧϣһЩ飬һľϣ漴һžš
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ҵĳ˲ϯվڳǽϵľ߶һɳײĶᣬۼڵĳҲǲѣٿԶľˣֱӱ䵹ڵأ޴̳ûγһӴ״塣
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Ϊ̳У춯Ǹ۾Ӵ̳ˣϵʵѪҺͿԿȻڲûɱˣǼŭ
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һСʱǰǽӵǴϢѾԼϵİۼشźţڼµʱѾ˵Լۼؽ˰´Ҵȥ˿ԺǽͨѶװá
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ʧˣۼءʧˣ죬˵ôһ仰ͼСʱǰͼƬԱһ£ۼصȷʧˣ˿ֻз棬ۼأƽˡ
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ʲôϮ˰ۼأϧϣʱʵǱߵĹԱ̽´ȵźţԼͼƬʾ˳
ǡˣô˾޴ľˣͼƬҲˣΪݹԵʣ¾﷢ľϮ¼֪Ϊ¾ߴﵽʮ׵ľˣѾǿֲ֮ˣǺͻ˰ۼصǸ˱ֱС׼ס
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ҪκֶΣֻƾѹһУǾԵ
սȥ͵սѾһ룬мʱ䣬ͿսɱԪһҪŪǱ߷ʲô£УҿͼƬھۼ幫ĵطǸӾ޴ӰǴģˣҪȥ磬±ϧϣǸ˱۾˵ӰЩˣϾҲۿ˱۾֮һ
ԣ±ͨ
̿ʼæֻǺܿ췢֣ʧˡ
ǡʨǡ³ǡۼأ¾ҲˣȫûټһЩˡ
ǣϼ˿ЩӵߵһܴסǰȻţһ˵ϼٻʲôˣһŮǺµġ
ܿ죬ŴˣϼޱҲ˵ȻöԷ⡣
ϼҲϻֱӵʧˣ
һ㶣ͬûзϻֱ˳ϼ뿪Сʱǲսۼء

̱ǵѪһƬͨǰ治׵ĵطһʬ壬һ߷·ĳʳʳʬ塣
ʧ֫ѣԴɣϵⱻ˳˳ɣ˵ǺȻһЩ
ⶼ߹ԭò˼ǣ⾹Ȼһʬ塣
ôࣿ㲻һ⣬Լν磬һ˭˵ǻԵɺϣΪԿ׿ſԣô˵ʬôģ
ԹʮӣȻܴ󣬲·ǳ࣬ЩطһЩ壬ⶼûס֮ŵѪȻҵ


ڶʮ ͽţħ壨һ
һʬڼСʱǰԳӣڳĶֻȤᶯĶ·
˳ĴʬƵ·ҵһЩ
ҵһѸװǹһСʳﻹһˮˮˮѾˣ֮⣬ҵһƬ
ƬǾʱģ˽Ƭ˱мӣϴڡƬϵһڣһһŮһСŮǶǰˣŽɫͷȥҸ
ֿ˿ϵʬ壬һЩɢͷƤͷƤϵͷʬƬϵˡ
ˣƬ㣬ҪģƬԭⲻװãȻʬĿڴ
飬˺ܶ࣬Դ˿ﾹȻûйĸпԼãԼıǰˡ
Ҳûӵ飬ҪѧľᣬȻ׷ǰǿңһ仰Ϊ˻ȥΪ˱ԼӦñĶƴҲϧ
ֻǣе˻еƴеˣϵʬ壬Ѿûпƴˡ
ʱĲΣգǰͨͷĺڰУһӰӣӴͬʱܸоǸӰڶԼ˵⡣
ʲô鲻̫ãǰһָսʿͳ嵽ڰУǸӴӰսһ
ֻ⣬Ƭ֮Լһսʿͱ˹ͷƬ˳
Ź䵽ԼűߵͷʶڰǸʵҪȻҲ׵ĸɵԼһսʿҪвԼȴ
ҲֶζأǲҪԼ֣ڰǸҲӵõ
ûҪɱǲܣȻҲӵõҪԹĹǶĵһ˽⡣
ֻûдԸһ࣬ͻȻܳһӰȻһץĸ첲ܡ
ڶԷֵʱѾˣֻûзһھԼǣһࡣ
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˽ʲôû˵߶붼ѡһǰ壬Ӻͣ
Լһյأյ֧ż񣬸ղǸ˴˿Ķһʯܿ죬ղǽͨһʯ壬ﵲһյؾһ˵Ŀռ䡣
߹ˣ֪еˣˣһˣһ߳һ׾ŵİֳһ೤ļ⵶ĶȻŭɪգ˭
һ˴˿˿˵ȻһŮԣһŮİ͹£һϣһͷɫһ򵥵βⴹԺһǹףһǹе󻹱һѵóܷܹ߼ҲܷĿĹ⡣
ʲôǸŪطŮֱһѣȵ˹صǹȻʵʵ
¿˿˽ɪյŮӺ֮ûˣһǹ˿̶ԼûнУȻһ˿־塣
ֻϧǼ˸ûע⹷ı顣
˵ʵܺЩ˵ҪŪôģûпղżǹ˶ԷһϢһȻ֣ǹȻƨƨߵ˹
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Ǳ߿ɪ˵һ¾ӣ˹ˣ˹صʱպÿˣūͣǿֻɱһֻ
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ʱԷɢĻǵȷӦˣһūͣô˵ҲǺҪսɪ˵
ǲʱԾһЩµ飬ЩӰ
ҲΣϾǺһ࣬ĵطٱЩΣ
ɪ˵ûҪʲôͼ͸ɵūֵͣΣǿ
С˼䣬Ȼ˹Ȼ˵ڶ˶ˡ
ôᣬԼӲİ׽ڹΪɪյЩԡ
ֻϧ˵
Ƭ̺󣬼ֻںͶ﹵ͨΪɣ˵ԼôãҲΪԼڣѾǵĻ飬ȻԼͬİˣ˵ԷӦûж⡣
˭ʲôطģȫ˵ǾֵΣԸṩɪճʵվһԣЩĶ
仰Ц
ղ͹۲ĸˣԪʵҿӾȻûпƬʵҲ˼˵Լ
ֻĸ˵ĺıȶԷԼĺĸأµҪʲôҲĸôģ϶ԼҪ磬ٶԹǿ϶ԼҪϤ
룬ҽ˵ʵԼҲ֪ôģڵһţȻϡͿղ˼ӣȻʬ壬֮飬Ѿ֪ˡ
ɪռȻĻŶжߣûбҪƭǣҲ벻ƭǵıҪֻҪֻ࣬ҪΪ˻ȥ϶ûΪһˣǻȥġ
ǿɪյܽľ顣
ðɣʱ㣬ô˵㲢֪ʲôطɪʵ
˵ͷȷֻ֪֪磬Թһͷˮ
һһãУͽ˵ֻͽʳһ˵˵Щʱ뵽ʲô·˿־֮ɫ
ΪûʲôвЩ˿ʼ̸
ƣˣȻûб˼Ƕ࣬Ϊ˻ֻܺһ𣬷ֻ·һɪ˵һūͣóʱ˵
ʵսʿˣڶҲûлպ£չ¶ԼʵΪҲδܴ뿪ǻ˺Լ


ڶʮ ͽţħ壨
룬ȡһſƬȻֻ˵ǸղŵڶֻūͣԼ˻
ͬһսʿԪļϵƷʲ
ɪյһ¶֮ɫһҪռΪеı顣
Ԫļ￨·ˣ˵һʱ˳⼸Ҳ¶⡣
ʱԼĹһͺ𣬳ŸղŹرյǸʯ죬̰ҷһɪճһƣȻᷢԼѣѾой￿ˡ
˸ǴҳǸ˸ǺЦŸղ˵ƣ¶һ¾ͻᱻĹ﷢Ƶġ
һʹ˵ͳĽŲ·һȻ·ͬʱΪصıϢ
ʯ֮ͣƬ̣ʱ䣬ɪĸɫ֣Ȼ¼Ķںܿ죬Զȥһֱû֮󣬼˲Ŵĳ˿
ʲôǺʵ
ţħ壬ԹͽǣֻǱͽιʳЩͽʳģѾʮ죬ʼʮˣڣֻʣĸտɪյ˵ÿ춼ˣֲһ֮ͬһ㡣
ţħ壬̾뵽˻ƽһٻǸţħ˵ʵţħȷǺͣԪ弶۷ʵѾ޽ӽԪҪǣţħӵǿƻڷŭʱӳսѾﵽһЩԪֵĳ̶ȡ
ֻ˵ţħСǿɪ˵һ£ǾԹ
ţħ屻ô˭ģ
˭ǿ
뵽һֿܣǾǻƽһ壬Ǹ²ȻԽһֻͷţħƳūͿƬ˵ǻƽһţħ塣
ԼҪСˣ£лƽߺƻڸΪ壬ǻƽһͲͬˣһпʦڣԼܲնδ֪֮
뵽ԼͻƽһĳԹһҪС£ҪʱòҪ¶ʵһƽһעϾ鷳ˡ
Ǳ߿ɪȻ֪룬ԹԵ˵
ЩţħǳǿǵֶκѶΣҲϤԹһҲѧζЩµţħ壬ԲŻڣҪţֻܸǡɪ˵꣬ʵʲôƻ
ƻȻӳԹȻҵǵľ۱䷢뿪ĵطǱһ˵
ʱѾ֪ĸ˵ˣ˿ɪ֮⣬ˣһʮ꣬ǿ׳Ŀ˹һҪһЩƤأƤسģ˧˹Ҫֿܶˡ
һˣڻһġ
۱䷢ʲôʳ˹ؼ⡣
ˣƤأǻܣй¶ȥ˹ʱ˵ֻ˵꣬Ǳߵĺ˿µȥĻܣ⹷ʺȥɣΪǸľ۱䷢Ҳᵽģҿɲµĵط
ˣ˵ɣڴؼۼصʿڵľʦѰҵ˾ŷĳصĳʵҵǸǾ۱䷢˵ʣΪһֿԸǿĶһжӱ˹ȥҲҵǸڵǧ׵ʵңֻǸʱ⡭
ɪͣƬ̣Ǳߵĺ˿ȻǱﲻסˣ죬̵Ǹľ۱䷢ȻʵҰԼٶ˶͵ĵطϵ۰һʲô㲻˵飬ôͷҵġ
ż˵ĽŪľ
ɪٶʿ⣬͵˵磬Ǽǿ˱²Ǹ۱䷢
֮ͬūһֲ壬ɪպʮ˱˴еĿƬ岻֪ûߣȻͶ뵽Թ
ǾʮʱʮֻʣĸˣĸˣҲǱӰʱ̾š
ǲɷϣɪĸܻȻǵĶ֮ǵĻ˵Ǿһ仰һΪ棬̰ģԼͬ飬ΪҪϢϢʱ˲ģֻܽȫиְصͬϡ
ǵļƻǣӳԹȻ跨ҵ۱䷢Ϊֻǲ뿪ĵطɪܽ
˵ͷȷһ취Լ˵γһ뿪ֶΡ
ǵİж󣿡ʵ
һ£ɪҲ˵ˣȻԼҲ֪ڵ˵ҵ۱䷢뿪Թһܵ顣
ã˿վˣǣܵҪԡ
ɪռҲǵ˵ͷȷǺްգҪԡ֪Ѿ뿪ԹļƻˣΪʵûʲôԹ֮⣬²鷳
ղſɪսʱԷץǵ嵱У£ģ񣬵ɫ߰ĿһеˣȻӡеĻƽһʮַϣǻƽһ壬ǲҪĵص㡣
ĳ˼ڿɪպͿ˿Ϊ˭ֲԹˡ
ʱԶͻȻĳֹĺɪա˹ƤغͿĸ̿˿ֱȴǼæ
ʱˣ
ԣҪץʱ䣬ӣҸ棬˹ȥ棬Ƥظ棬ȥ棬ңɪ˵Ķܿ죬ԥϻװÿһСһ֧ʣȻʯأ̳˳ȥ
סֻжʮʱ䣬ʱ䵽̻һӶҪ飡
İɣߣ
̷ͷжſɪգ֪ܿΪʲôô
ԹʮʱɪѾţħ켣ÿЩµĹﶼۼһطٶʮӣᵽܣɪǾͳʱȥ¼Թĵκ߷ѾŪԶ֮Թ֣ΪֻŪԹĽṹͲ֣ǲӳȥ
Ϊɪǣȷְ취ȻȲѣȴЧΪԼҲҪŪԹֲ뿪
⵱һϸڣȻɪǺˡ
Щţħ屻ʱΪʲôûгȥԹȻһԹṹҲһȻǼôô׾ӳȥ


ڶʮ 仯Թ
˿ɪ⣬ɫɬΪûֿܣûбİ취Ψһİ취ҲΨһϣϣʧȥˣҲұ֤ǻ᲻
ڿɪ˵ȷˣ־УǱҪһϣһ˻ʧȥһʧȥЩôܻȥ
֪ΨһϣʮãɪǻѡţΪ֮Ŭ
ʼʮڣɪߵķǳ֮ŷǳϸķ۱ڲǺţֱţȻÿһڶȥһߡ
ʮӵʱܿȥʱҪȥɪղĴԭ·أͬʱһһ¼һԹĲ֡
˹ƤغͿҲʱ˻֮ͬǰһĸܻڣж֮ǾƶȫļƻȻȫռƻУԲж
ļʱ䣬С壬ÿҪ飬Ǽ¼ԹĲ֣ȻֹһͼֽϣھԹĵͼ˻Ƶͼ֮⣬һҪ飬Ǿʳˮ
ɪǴؼľʿܹʮֿ̺רҵѵУԪضĲʳˮǱҪյ
ˮڿɪǻ򵥣ΪֻҪˮԪȻˮԪϾͿȡˮ
ʳûôˡ
ΪʳҲҪضĲϣûκʳȻ첻֮ʳ޾֮·ԹٻһЩ󣬿ɪǿԽϣһЩɣ֮ǰǾʬ嵱ҵʳһ
ÿ죬Ǳ뽫һԪʳˮǻҪȥץһЩֻҲ࣬ûǾֻܿˮˡ˿²ۣһ˵ͬ˵һ㣬ھ磬Ӧÿڽͷһ˵֡
ʳˮ鷳ģǹӵ࣬ԭװĿƬѾȫߣ鷳Ǹ޷ӳ㹻ʵūʱϴóˡ˵
߿ں˵Ǳ߿ɪպͿԼƤ̽һŴͼϡ
ʱ򣬿ɪƺʲô˼飬ȴʧܣôģġ
ƤƺҲʲôͬһƿڴ
ˣǣôˣ֪ôǰҺסˣ׷ʲô£æʵ
Թˣɪճ˵
ʲô
˵Թˣֱˣģԭ̽ĵطʮǰһҲ˵֮ǰ׼ȫ׷ˣһԱ仯Թɪһ˵
ˣҲˣһ˵̣ͬһԱ仯Թôߵóȥ
ֲЩţħ屻ȥˣģˣƤѾ׾
ʧȥϣ˻ʲôˣһӰ潲Ƿķɴڵ֪˵֮󣬷Ա˾ʧȥκϣԼȻһЩɥĲķ顣
˿̣ɪǱʧȥеϣÿ˶ͳʱڲʱ䳤ˣǵľҲ顣
۱䷢֪˭һļžУͻȻʵ
⼸춼ڻָʵڵ׻꿨Ȼû޸Ҳֻʱٵ⣬㰴տɪյ˵ļƻɲ뿪Ŀǰɪǵļƻˡ
ڣļƻ
ǵȻ֪ǲӳԹʲôˣɪմ˵ƺΪ˷йеѹ֣֪ǴǸˣѾʧȥ˿ƣԹÿһʱͻԶ仯ʱǸҳ뿪ͨ
ǿδأ赭д˵һ䡣
ǵģ˵ĶԣǲӦھɥʧϣԹÿʮ仯һΣӿһЩٶȣ˵ҵڡҲ˵
ܸ㶨Щ׶ǿϲ˵ţħ壬ҪȻȥЩţħǲҪǵ鷳ǿҵڣƤʱ˵ȤĳɷԾӶࡣ
Ƥ˵ûЩţħǵвǣֻܣЩս̫ǿˣϱײģܶܲˣ㶨Щţħ壬ǾԳȥϳɵĿ˹˿Ҳ˵ԸȣӲ͵ˣó˹Ψһһûʧȥĺĵˡ
㶨ЩţħӦģҪҵģô˵ǾôУ뿪Թ󣬴ҵ۱䷢ʱ˵һ˶ĿɿڴĻ
ʱֵʮֵ͵Ҳ󲿷ʱ䶼ڻָ꿨ϣͻȻô˵ÿɪǶˣǾˣֻп˹ϳɵӲĿһۣƺ֡
ģⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ڿЦܸ㶨ţħƾʲôǸū㻹ֱдһԵҡȻȥţħ߸ɴһ㣬ǹԼһʵʣˣƣҾˣҪȻһ⣡Ƥصһ˳վ˵˱ıԵĻǴ̼
Ƥأ侲һ㣬ôǵģɪ˵Ƥȴǲܲ˵ĵ侲ǻ侲ʲô군ˣǽЦǵ˾Ȼڻ룬侲侲ɣ
һΣ󣬼úģȻѹ̫õԵʡ
ģƤأ죡һΣ˹Ҳŭˣ˵꣬һ޴ŭԶ˹ǿٵı
£ɪաƤء˹һǵɴ۾Ҷ
ţħ塣
ȻƤصЩ˵ĽŲԽԽƤص˵Ҳûһ˿ѪɫȻҲǴ֮ǰķ侲ȷǾˣ֪ڽãǻһʱ䣬ܶһ˭ܾ
ϣûзǣɪմ˿ǰһʮ֣һƤأƤش˿ƨҷţ侲ʱ֪˴鷳
˹ȻҲɫ԰ףץǹ˱ա
صһǰǸƶʯ巢һ죬Ȼжһײһ
أ
һ£Ǹʯ忪ʼѷ죬ʯԲʯڽʵǺټһײƬ̣һ죬ʯڱײ飬һӴĺӰ˽һͷ߳ףţͷֳһѴѪţħ塣


ڶʮ Թ
ˣɪյңǱ˭֪ţħƴǶ֡
ҲȡһſƬȴû˶Դ˼ϣһūͣţħĶ֡
ȵƬ֮һӴĺӰͬһ˹ȥһ¾ͽţħ˵ڵأѪţħƬ޹󣬱㳹û˶
ʱ˵ţħĶŷһ˻УȻ˻ɪǴ˿̲ſ壬˲ɵţħľȻһߡ
˵һǴߵĹʮ׵ˮͰϸ壬ǼӲۼףͷһſļղţǷҹŹֵ죬һҧţħ塣
ٻƻ棬ƻԪ۷ӵǿޱȵƻԪţħ岻Ԫļ۷壬Ȼ޷ֵһι
ƻǿѹ֮£ɪա彩ӲҶ룬ջƻˡ
㶨ţħ壬𣿡˷Ѿ˼ƻȻҪʲôʵ֮ǰҲûΣգҲʵ
ϵۣʲôūҴûмū֣ͣūͣ𣿡Ǽ񾭱Ƚϴģ˿ȷӦ˹ǴСУȻƻ̫ǿˡ
˵ͷʱɪҲعȻÿ϶Ǿѵһ˿ǿҵļɵͬʱҲ˷ޱȡ
Թֱвľţħ壬Իرܵ⣬ڣӭжˣֻҪڣЩţħΪ塣
ǱƤػʲôȴһסÿ˶ܣһʼû˵ûҪô֮ͬ飬л뿪ĵطˡ
ûҽϿʼжǲ֪жţħ壬ǲȥһȥ̽仯ԹṹΣ㶨ʣµģǸԹṹǰʡѧԺϵҵģԹҲһоֻҪʮ죬죬̵ʱ䣬ҾͿҵԹĳڡɪʱҲǼ˵
֮ǰûа취ԹͼȴΪţħƣвûˣоԵſҵڡ
˵ʵóҲпɪգԼҪ뿪ԹҲһ׵顣
һļϣж
ļʱ䣬˼ͣ㣬ϵ̽ɪպͿ˹ԼƤزϵĻԹ֣ҿɪһֹʽԵ棬ƲԹƣǽʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
ǰɣǲңݻǲʵʩƻһţħ壬ٻƻ潫ɱƻţħ壬Ѿﵽʮ֮ࡣ
ڵʱ򣬿ɪоһͼֽȻñһһԲȦȻɫ˵ûмԹĳھһƬУֻҪѰʱ䣬ͿԽһ飬ҽץʱ䣬ȻԹǿԱ仯ģôǱһα仯֮ǰҵڣȻƲԹı仯һԵģһǣǾҪ˷ʱ䡣
ǻʲôϸԵıƷҪˣװȫ¾ͽˣ˹ʱ˵
֪˹˼ΪǸ֪ԹʲôԱ׼ǰֻһЩ鷳ҲӦܽ
˺ܿʰ׵̳
·ϣ˹Ϳɪһǰ棬һǰ˹СͿɪյǵ֮ǰϮǸʱؼ׷һˣֻȡ׷ǵǸ׷˽ʲô𣿡
ɪȻҲ뵽ЩҲǿǰȻǵãǸҲ˵˹òΪǸ˾˰ɣ
ΪǣϢ֪ؼΪǸˣԲȡ׷⣬˵ս𣿡
Ȼһ֪ٹ飬ǸΪ࣬˵֧ܶΪ䣬ҲΪǸǰǸˣȻǶͬͬգֻƾһǿū֤ͣһ㡣
ôɵ飿ˣ֣ͬ˵֮ǰūô˵ʵҲ϶һǳ˲ˣҵֱңǴ˵еǸ
˹ƶ˵
ɪշһۣЩͬƲ⣬ΪǺεȵĴؼ嶼ǵǿƴڣ˵ӵ;ۼأսٹҪǣɪ֪ǿߡ
ʲôǿߣ
Ǿеĵһǿɪչ۲ǰԷȻӵǿūͣ䱾Ԫȼȴߣô
ӳԹֻǵһԺл֤һ㣬˵ǿԵ˵ʵԴһǸµ棬ԣôģµūٻҾȻǶηС˹ʱ˵һ˿Գ
ûʲôɶ˵ģҲҵɪ˵꣬ȻͻȻֹ
ΪǰĺڰУһ޴ĺӰǳصĺͽŲȻһͷţħ
ǰţħɪ̻ߣһ˿һԥڣǲҪӣΪǰվ
ˣǰʮԶĵطվŵţħϰԵȡƻĿƬʱͻȻоһѣΣ֮Ǳʹ
һɸоļΪͻȻģˣͬʱ׼ţħǰһȴͻȻͣ
Ըоʲôһ˫ԭѪɫ׺ţ˲ͱ־һ̣ȻתͷܣƬ֮ûӰ
һĻɪպͿ˹Ҳˣֻǵܲֻܿڰţħת뿪ȴѹûпţħǾֵµı顣
ѣγ˼ӣܿʧոҲ֮ɢͬûзһЩԣͷһ飬ʵϳΪ֮ûһβ˵ѣˡ
ȻѣκͱȲԵ޹ʳ֣֪һʲô⣬صܿԼ󣬲ȻղͷţħҲŵߣղһǷʲôֻûʱעЩǼǰ
һҪҵڵĿɪյҲܿ˸ղţħߵ飬Ƿǳ˳ĵ˿ɪһƬ򣬰СʱǷһϵ¥ݡ
ҵˣҵˣ


ڶʮ Ѩ
ĳ
һұڽ£һʯڣ˿ؾ죬Ƭ֮Щŵľʯֱӱ飬ڴȴܳһ߷ߣƳǳĹȻЩŵʯͷƻġ
󣬸ˡ
ǳ𣿡¿ǵһӴ磬ԹһͬڰʯĿռָ˺ܾ޴ĸоʱܴŹֵĻ
ûǳˣ벻ĳˣɪպͿ˹һƤغͿͼӵһ
˵ܻ뿪ԹѾǲ˼ˣʵͻص֮ǰӳԹĿ΢΢ûĳɹˡ
лϵۣҾ˵һܳɹģôʲôƻ˫ֱȻʵ
ʵϣǲûкƻҪ˵УǾһؾ۱䷢Ȼ뿪ɪ˵
˵꣬ǰҲӦ˹ڣܲһ۱䷢ȫˣҪ֪Թ֮ĵ粢Թȫ٣ûڣǱ˵Ҿ۱䷢ǻһ⡣
˿̵Լոʵ飬ϸһ£֪һɼΪԵԪͼԼ壬ԪǺһԪжԿŵԼЩʣ϶ͳڱ
ҪŪ
Ǹ
ͷ˵һȻƻǰ濪뿪Թĳڣʮӣһյغٻū;䡣
ɪǿⶼٻֲͬūͣһαһ£յūͣʶһЩﶼ߱ɪտһۿ˹Ȼڿ˹֮ǰĲ²һ˿ͬ
Ǵ˵еǸǿߡ
û῭ɪյ˵ı飬ֱ·ȻɪǣǿԼʲô
ò˵ڵ൱˶ûһ˿һķ⣬ļ⹻˳һÿɪŮ΢죬ÿɫŶһ˳
ˣƣ̫ˣļôģĻֱӱӣ߼һ䣺Һʲôϸ
ı飬ɪҲæ˼ϸֻôûзʲô⡣
ʲôûаɪգƤأ˹Ҳͬı顣
ʲôûУЩˣ֮ǰԼͷεʱ򣬱ոп൱ǿң϶ԼȻ⡣
ûʲô˵һ䣬治ĶƵģȤһ˵
һ㶣ʶʲôŹֵȥˣ˿Ҳֻ΢΢һ㶣ȴǵֽͱʣܰҰӻ𣿡
ĸɪյĻ滭ˮƽߣҪ֪ǽѧʿͼȻСһܿ죬ͽֽϡ
ӹһĬʮӣȻͻȻһ䣺ľ磬Ȼң
˵һʼ֪ô£һ£ʶʲôط
ǰ˱۾˵ӣҲǺ;ϵġӡһһģʱУѾһɾ֮Ѫ׻꿨ƬϣԼϻǳˡӡӡǡ
˵ʲô
˵Щ֮Ѫֻ۷ӡǶԷѾ͵͵ֲԼڣ뵽˶ԷԼӴ϶ץԼһ˲䡣
̫ţѶԸһ䣬ֻѾҲ޲ҪĵӡǾʲôãӸղӡͻȻ쭣϶ʲô¡
һһףˣɪǶ֨ˣȵ侲ǲѯô£ֻ¿ɪѹﲻæҲûᡣ¶˵ҪĻ뿪硣
ٻһ飬Ȼʢ佫תΪ˼ֻѻǳȥ̽Χĵκ
ҪҶҪľǾûͷӬһײֺãֻѻܿ͸ݻһϢԼĵطһ
ȻһҲ͵һԳϵҪõİ취һȥ˽⡣
Ϊӡǵ飬鲻̫ã֪̽Ǹ̴ſɪǸ˹ȥ
һƬֻ΢ĹâҵθӣСʱŸϵ
һȻûм塣
һֹ§ӣУƵ壬ǵĵһСɽһĵطǸСɽѾѨܻͨȥΪ׳ۡץסһ䵥壬տ˵֮ʼʣǸץסܿ¶Ҫ֪顣
Ѩˣڵһ壬ȻѨҲ࣬ǵҲдСͬ˿̿СɽһѨ˳ѨһСѨһǧʵǿһԪļ۷ѨˣСͷ졣
˵ͷԼѡĿ⣬ѨǵȺҲζţźܶϢĿڶ࣬һ㣬СѨ˲࣬ͷҲԪļ۷壬ҪѨ˵Ѵ֮
ûǴѨȻԴΪݵ㣬ѰҾ۱䷢
ƻͼǿūͣ˳ľͽѨ˵ĳѨǵǸ
̿˵൱˳Ԫ۷ƻǰǧѨңֻƻѹ֮ɪɪ
Ѩ˵ĳѨУҵһʯͷһɢ΢âһ˶ߵľʯѨ˵֪УʯľһУѨΪľʯԽ䵱ʥ
һ֪ʯѨѨ˾ͻ᳼ΨǴӣ˵ÿһѨ˵ĳѨִСһöʯ
䵱һ־ͼڣⷴԼѨ˳Ѩ
Ѩ˳ɳȥ̽ϢֻҪȴϢͿԣЧȻԼȥ̽Ҫϰٱ
ɪĿ峲Ѩ̣ȻĿɿڴΪˣǵ֪УôܻΪ£ֱǲģ£ӾͰǰɲ㲻š
Ѩ˳ѨϢĿɪմ˿̿һһԵĿ˹ھãпǸˡ
֮ѾŪĸ֡
ֶЩɾ޴ͨӣһǵĵطȻҲģһצצһ鲼ܡ
࣬Ƿࡣ


ڶʮ Ӫȼƻ
ڵ磬Ѩֻͼ壬֮ͬǰģȻѨ˵λ£ȴܶ࣬ǳȥ̽Ϣò
ԼǶѨ˳ѨУ뷨ؾ׻꿨ͬʱоԼϵľӡǡ
ںߣ˽٣⼸ʱҲһЩνӣ˼壬ǿĶƽʱỺϵԪͬһ˵ܿ죬ͻ죬ӱһֶ
ʲôֻ֪ܾԪķʽ˽ӡǣٲã;ܵжԪգֹӳɳ
ȻҲԹⶫԼŪʲôȡⲻԼǰƤûãԪȥ㹻ֱ֣һƤǼӴ⬣ҲŪ⼸ûκνչ
ɪա˹ƤغͿĸϾ˼ʱ򣬾ͳ䵱Ѩ˳Ѩʵʹߡ
Ѩ˴̽Ϣ֪˵һͬ䣬ԼǸ۱䷢䡣ʱɪ˵磬˿̣鵽Ҳʮ˵䣬ǱһЩ嵱ūҪôʧ٣ҪôѾˡ
ھ۱䷢ɽ죬ɢʱûб嵱ʲô˲õĶ˵۱䷢䵽˺һ
һ壬ڵҲڶǵǿ˸ȥǣһһŹֵȺãǾռԷ壬ȻǸ۱䷢ȫһռⶫһȡˡ
֪ϢɪǶϲǲΰ룬ϲȻǴ̽鱨ǵľҪӺһȡؾ۱䷢ԲǺֵЩѨܰ쵽ġ
ɪҵ˵˳ͬʱһ鱨Ҳһ
һǶռźܴһƬأֻ֪۱䷢ܾںһɪ˵
˵ͷȷ֣û뵽羹ȻǺһĴӪѨʣ֪˺һĿǰǳгֻЩУﵽģҲʮһӴޱȵ
˵ʵȫʢʱڣҪӺŪؾ۱䷢ҲѣĻ֪Ǻð취Լʲô
˻ƽߺƻ滹аķֵܵһ⣬ʣµľһЩǺֵūͣĸһǧֻѨˡ
ԴģĺȺһ嶯䣬һǧֻѨ˿϶ɲó
ȻҲѡǱһĳѨµΣҲ̫ˣһ֣ǾֻӲӲĶ䣬Щѡʵһ취
Ǿȥ̸С
һЩͺһ彻һ;ĺöǲ٣ҪóһЩͺһ彻Ӧûʲô⡣
ȥ̸кͽѡȴһ鷳ڲ¶棬һΪӡǣѾ̽ˣڵһƽ֮ǣǻƽһĵ̡
ƽһı̬̹Էǿֲֻ̽ҪͿһۿκαװЩƽһ֪һȡ˸߹ĻƽһѪڣ϶һʱɱ
鷳Ƕһطȥ
ɪĸȻҲȥԲǵˣȥҲ鷳Ѩˣڵλ͵壬һĵ̶ȥ
óɪոոջƵĵĵͼͼһЩעŸĵ̣Ǵ˿м̣ȻҪѨҪǿܶࡣ
۹ֺХŮҪѨ˵ĵλߣ룬ٻ˹ʿȻ͹ʿһ뿪Ѩ˳Ѩ
СʱԺֱѨ˳ѨĶ۹ֳѨХŮѨȻҪ֮ǰѨǿ٣ڹʿƽߺƻ£ûʲôֿռǵĳѨ
Ҫһͷǹʿ֮󣬽źúͺһȥףܲܽ۱䷢ҲĻɡ
ڿɪǵͬ飬ҲʿȥӪȻȴΪЩ˵УһЩоԱϤ۱䷢ԭͽṹʱҪҲҪרҵԱſԡ
⼸£ǿͬʱС
Ǻܿ죬ڵΪƫƧһ˵ˣΧ嶼Ѿ֪£ͷһǿĹʿ
ڵҲмأ˵ڵһԨĵطĺһԨеԪתֻڵ٣ȻʵǿᣬȴǺټ
˵Ѿ㹻ˣΪһʿͲᱻЩ廳ɣɹʿΪʱȻһγһɲУЩļӵеūȻҲ͹˹ʿС
һȺʯĳѨڣŮηηĶһСʮְУ࣬ȫܹѵľսʿǴ˿ֻ̣ʯū
ÿǶҪһȺūһϳɿʯʯ΢̾ͻᱻ̢ãֱӻᱻɱֻ߱Щʯһûʯ
⼸༸ѾˣԭǴؼ徫ľսʿиõǰ;Ǵ˿̣ȴҪû˿ϵŬ
мŮԣѾڿǣҪҪ֮ǰļūЭԴ˻ȡūеλ
Ҫ֪ūУҲн׼֣֮ǿūһ켫ٵʱūСŬһѵ˵ĸо
ǻиʳͿӵиֻҪܻȥ
һͷϹһֻ۾ǿ׳Ѩˣ˿ȻūеǿߣʯŮַʳȻŮ֣ЩͿϹ⻬Ĵԣǿ׳Ѩ˸оһ㣬ɻвʱ䣬㹻ʱŮԡ
Ȼ˷ŭʲôˣֻ÷ߺ޵񣬵ǸѨˡ
ʱ֮ͻȻ˾ҵһƬӣּУūʮūһ
༸ʱ䣬ĳͣԼΪķʽ򿪣ūǾѣɪɪ
ܿ죬һƱѨˣ˵ĸоЩѨ˹ռʯŮĳѨūеѨ˷ܲѣǶѨˣǼĻҲΪĺҪˣȻԼͬռʯŮĳѨԼ϶ԴһЩô
ǣæӭȥֻǸ߽ͱһѨսʿһ߷ڵأһ̣ЩѨսʿһӣƺڹӭʲô
󣬴棬߽ӰѨһˣΪ⼸ˣȻࡣ
⼸һ²鿴ڴūп˼Ϥס
Ъɯҵˣ


ʮ ̰ĺ
ֻʮʱ䣬ʿͷչ׳ںܴһƬڣѾ˲֪˲Ĵڡ
죬ʿ͸˺һڵѨһ޴ѷԨԨұϣǾ޴ѨڣȻڵΣճ̶ȸΪһ岻ϲκ̤ǵء
ûȥѨ˵ĳѨУýʿūͶӵһǻۣýʿѾԺһ˼ʹ⣬ǴһѻƽıʯЩ۱䷢
ܲܳɹ֪Ӧóһ£Ͼʱڣ벻õİ취
ɪǱߵͬʱڣҲѾӪȻһ֣⵱омרŵоԱҲȴһ£Ͼǽ۱䷢ҲҪרŵļԱ
ֻԼ뿪硣
Ҳһµʱˣ֪ôôЩЩٶЩ֪ʱǾû겻ᣬȻǾҪ飬ζҪӿ뿪Ĳ
һԺ󣬹ʿˣһĽԼ翪ɳıʯȴûн۱䷢ȵĽ
Ȼûر⣬Ƿǳ̰ģܳɹĿԲߣһһʼ㵽ˡ
ôˣȴΪɹֻһƻһüƻʱŻó
һʱＸϢԻָ׻꿨Ȼ꿨ûȫָҲָ˴룬ʵָ֮ǰ߳ɣøָĿˡ
УдͿ
֪۱䷢ںһĳѨкһƻΪƻʮʱ䡣
ڿɪա˹ƤغͿŹʿĴЩͬʱߵĿ䣬һЩʯϣ˴Ϳ
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ǸʱʼѾ׼
һӦôͲҪñüƻһһ岻ӦǱüƻóˣ˽ĺϰԣϲռĽҺͱȫһطȻҲոմӹʿǱߡթһƽͱʯ۱䷢ܿҲ
ҪģﲼһȻ򿪽رѨڵֱͨӽȥҵҽ۱䷢
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еʱ̰һ飬ѾˣرѨԼҪȥҲǴؾ۱䷢ҪոһѵһЩ̰ĺ
ɪǽߵ鰲ٺ֮ԼϢĵطһȻͶԪ伤
վϣȻһŤһг֣УֻƬ̣ʹһ˳ȥ
һ޴ޱȵĶѨԶǽϣеĵطž޴ЩҲ֪ʲô֬ɵģԱʮ꣬겻
ЩԿɽһĽҡ
˽֮⣬кܶ౦ʯƷָıһߣ֮ǰӡ˴ͿʯڿУһץʱ˴
ʣ϶ǺһűĵطѻɽĸֽҡʯȻԼԵطˡ
ҲʮСģΪյ̾͸оΧǿԪԪļľͲ˵ˣԪ弶ľʮﵽԪҲмоһﵽԪ߼޵дڡ
ʣһʵԼĻҪǿһʵԼǶûƽߺƻ涼ѿ⡣ҲϢҲóģȻ㿪ʼɽıﵱУѰҾ۱䷢
۱䷢ӺѾͨɪ˽⣬һСһСźϽǣԵһĳԿȥͬһŵӵһ
ΪˣԲŻúһ嵱˱ղ
Ϊͺ״ܿҵˣڰ֮һϣǸӵȻͿɪһ
̸˹ȥȷ󣬲˿鿴۱䷢᲻ᱻĵģ۱䷢𻵣ôҵҲ뿪硣
ȻҲѡ
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ͨѾ϶۱䷢˴ͨһ۱䷢գ֮䣬Ѩ˵ĳѨС
һ˴Ϳ°ˣҲҪһϢˣﲻ֪ռ˶ٱúչһ
ЩȴûʵʼֵĻƽͱʯȻȥȡЩͬȥעעǸмֵĶ
һס
һȻҪǣرļ̣һ£޽ҲֻһۼѡֺöȻҪߣԼãûȥҲó
ߣʮ֮⣬һЩȻ޽ҲߣЩ϶óܱûǿ
һЩϡеˮҲУЩһЩʱϴãƺЩֵĶͽ俨ߡ
ǰ滹һľͭһۣ̾ǾӲҪ̵ͭķǳƯ˵ʲô֮
߹ȥͭһվӣȴһ
ͭԼϾȻһõǾ޴ޱȵӰӣΪʲôǾ⣬Լ⣿
УСĲһԱߵһĶƣǶһڽҺͱʯУе¶Ĳ֡
һȣֱӽƲ˳ͬʱһƬһбȥȻֻǿʼŻԽԽ죬Լһղŵ춯ȻһƬҶкȥͬɽ廬ˡ
ĿɿڴǣһƬͬˮһȥ¶˲ڽҶеһ
һ˶ĺͷ˿̣޴ĺͷֻ׵ľ롣
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ȻͷϢʯ˵ϲ˯еʱ˯ϼ꣬ʮʱ䡣
һͷԾ˯ߵʱͷ͵۾


ʮһ ս
ϵ϶᲻ô̰ȥչθı˿̣žԼ׵Ǹ軹ҪȦۡ
ͫ˿һ̣ҶɵСɽڽǺһΣſҧǾ޴ļһҧĿ꣬Ǹ˺顣
ӦҲһײƵ֮⣬룬ԿСɽһĽɽڣӴĺվһͷ峤׵ĺ޴ޱȣʵҲԪͣԪҲԴǿƣҪǣ߾󲿷Ԫħ˵Ըõİ취ӲӲҪۼʲôܱȵϺ
ſʼԼĺ׳ӡ˴Ϳıʯ뿪ʱһΣϮûʱ俼һʩչײܣʧ˲䣬һϸСĻ߰ղڵĵطͻȻ׷Χĳ𺣡
һɻ𺣵¶ȼߣĽƬ̾ͱڻ˽ˮʣղű׳׼ĴͱʯҲһ֮³׻
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һͷڰ֮ڵĺղŴӳ˯ѵǸ޴󣬵֪µҪСһĺϵϾȻһɹۿɼԪÿһƬͬĴʹĥһޱȣһͷͷϣǡ
ǺһĻߣΪֶصΣдﵽԪ߼ʵ
˿ֲ̣ĺϢڿУһ˫ͬһ۾һ̣ˡ
ߣ˭һأֻһ³Ǿ
һ仰˰ͬУ·ôһ仰ͿԾ˵ͷʵȷʸ˵ֻ֮󲢲ΪȻڸյҲĶ֣ҲӦԹڣɻźúõġ
˵ģǰ˱۾Ԫ˼ֵһܳʲôܲģ
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ҲһƢˣ˵ʲôҲûã˵ղͷ߸ͬһĻҲʮֲˬ֪ԼڲЩĶ֣ҪɵԼҲô׵顣
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ոٻͷľʯܾ֮Ϳʼѣ飬һָƽ߾ȥצץ˹ȥ
飡
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Ƭ֮䣬ͳһƬѨ˺ŭĺ
Ƿ߲ŭѾܲˣͻΧΧԼҲûãóƻȻײƺİΧԼҲǺ𣬿Կı棬ҲʼѣѪҺ
ıȻ۲ѣ£Ҫƻĳ
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ƻڶҲѨʯʵؼΪӲƻڿһȱڣЩѾɱˡ
˵ʵûǱֻһͷоԵſӦһͷﵽԪ߼ĺ壬ƾƽߺƻ棬Ҳδûһս֮黵ͻڣǺһϳ࣬ɲǵͼǶţǿʦҲǼһҲһĽ
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Ҳûмʶĺñᣬ·ݣЦƻԪǸŹֵĳӣĪǺƻһйϵߺߣϧƻһ壬ҺһҲ壬οлƽһ壬ȥ֪ͨĻƽһ壬˵ǷƻһˣҲһ⼸ʬʱ򣬾ƻһһҲлƽȥš
£һͷͷȥˡ
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ȡ˼ſƬŻƽһڶľ֮ȭɱһѪ·
׼ʱ̼Żƽ𿨣ڶѨϿգһУʮȭźȺ˹ȥ
Щ˿ͿǿĻ֮⣬ֻȥսľȭ˫ǿ׳ֵֹֻĻƽһԪ弶ֱӾͿֻܸдﵽԪֵܵ
һȥֻǾʱǸԪ߼ĺ˫һӣȻ˫˾󲿷ֵĹȻľ֮ȭԸͨĺԣԪ߼ĺԾЩˡ
ˣԪ߼ĺƺǱ׼ŭ𣬵ֵ¾֮ȭ̳һ棬ǿĺĺҲղŵһȭͷıŭһͻ棬ʮ۳һŵĻˣӿȥ
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ſ˫תߣǾ˫Ŀзһִŵɫȴ׷ĺҲɢӣԸɵǵĶֳ֣ࡣ


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ѨУΪǿĺߴ˿̲ҪѨп񱼣һߴľ׷ᣬѨܴ󣬵ȻʺҪǺʮϤڼǰͱ׷ġ
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·ϣҲһЩʿҪǸ˴ԴŤ˲ӣҲмջҪȥƴ˸ƤףΣֻӡ
ѨǲܴˣǸ˽ѨѾĲӣټȥѨûԼߴ˿ֻоܳѨȥԷУٶȼ죬Ǿ˵ٶҲǾ޴ѷԨƾ޴ŵĵҲԾԺ׷š
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һʱģǷǳµٻӵԪ߼ʵԼȥӲƴҲδܳɹΨһȱ޷ƶֻǴ˿̣Ҫֵܵ˵Ķ
̾ͷ˹ȥȻ㵽Ϣ
ߣģκξˣͻưķӲֻǱ˺飬ȻǺڰһæǻҪģղ˵ĺڰԱʮָˣΪһĻṩ˰Ǻڰڵĵλࡣ
ǸˣȻʵǿڰ϶Էͻưķߡ
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飬ȫܣԾһһԨ͵ɽߴ˿뵽һ԰Ĵڡ
һͷԨеĶͷԨͷǺһһǵΪϵ壬ֻԨͷ࣬ʵȴӹɡ
뵽ǸԨȥ˵ط̷ȥһ޴ޱȵԨ֪жô濴ȥֻܿһƬڰ
ҵѣѰɣϿѣҪİ߷ͬһ㣬ݵԨ
һ̣ڰð㡣
֪Ԩͷ۾ͷʵһͷ׵Ĳ͸Ϊ޴ѾԨĵײȫռݣͷһͼޱȵĻɫףԳһ޵еķ
ͷԨͷܵߵٻӳ˯˹һʱ䣬ע⵽˿̴ԨԾһ޴Ӱ
žˣôζĻ䣬ԴЩζľ˱֮ҾҲûгԹľ⣬벻죬ôһζͷԨͷȻûи״˿̾ȻǷ˷ܵΪǴӼͷһ˵ģǶͬʱ˵
һ̣һ壬Ԩһ£޴ͷһ裬ͷֱ͸ʴ綾Һ壬ĸͷ·˺ҧ˹ȥ


ʮ Ѩ׷ɱ
Ԩͷϵе࣬Ķͷ­ôһž޴ҸͷһͷƴɱսǾ޴˺ҧˣͷСһͷǿͿͶء
أҲԨͷҲҺκζὫ丯ʴʱͿѾõʳ
һΣԨͷʧˡ
Ծľ˸Щʴ綾Һ壬ֱͺԨͷһֻϣԨͷҪ޴Ķ࣬ͷԺһסȻ󳹵ҧ
˿̣ôģͷǸ˲סʣµͷһҧ˵ϣһҧ˾˵Ĳϡ
Ǿһ̵ǣԵֵԨͷ˺ҧѪֱһԿŵĺǼѣҲǰæ˳Ū
ڴ˿̣ðһɻ棬ȻǴԨͷ߿ЦһϧԨͷ˵ЧҵϢ¡
˵ϵĻʧȡ֮ľȻžžĵ
һɵļͻȻɫĵ绡ڵԨյޱȣԨͷ»棬ǶڵȴǺ޵ֿǲҽвѣž˵ͷǱðһỤֽ̃ԨͷļԴȫ
Ԩв֪˶õһԨͷ˿׽ޣò
ھ˷һɲǾѾˣֱҪˣ˾Ȼ׵
Ԩͷûкǿ󵽿ԪعƤԸղֱӱɵѾǾµ˼㣬ֻԷ׷ɱֻϧ첻Ը˸ɵԨͷ󣬺ܿԨ׷
һӣһ׷ڵܣ·֪жٵһЩСģֱں߾˵ļ̤ķѣһЩǿģͺнڰ֮󣬼̾ͻᱻ˸ɷ
Ǻڰʿ廹ǺڰŮףֻӰޣЩǿĵԵֵ˵Ĺκηͷơ
ھԵ£ѡԹۣٸһ׷ɱ
ԽһֱûĸҰߣǵǿֲľˣúѪȴǰƢɵĻͱ׷ϸɵˣ˵ʱûʲôʱǱ
һʱ䣬߶ֻȥһطǾǵֻһ
ΪлƽһƽǣȻ֪ƽֻһƽһˣֻһҲǻƽһ塣
ԺΪ˻ƴ
һΪ޴λãһ³ǣһɻƽĵ³ǡ
߽󣬾һֱƽ³Ƿȥ·ǿĵ忴Ǳĺߣʶʲôæܿ
ǴﵽԪ۷ǿ߶βʨߣ˿Ҳǲ˺ߵȣ
ں߷Ƭ̣Զľ룬һ޴ʯ͵ıһȻײ飬ɢʯɽͬʯһ£ŵɢӣһЩõģֱӱľʯ
ٿǸײɽҵľˣ׷κ赲Ķᱻݻ١
Ǵ˵ľˣֲ̫ˣȻԽ߱ƵֵزҪ֪߿Ԫ߼Ĵڣ
ûмʶɲͨľˣǹžˣľˣͳԪǿڣž³֣ܻʲôıˡ
߿Ҫƽһˣƽһ֣֪ܲѹסˣ
ɣûֵģԶһ㣬һ꼰㣡
һЩֻԶԶǾ޴ӰҿһߣһȺձ鳬ϣ׳ĺʯȵĶԶǾ޴Ӱ
ûĹžˣֻѪͳӵǿǵľһ񣬿ɣڹž˵޵£һ嶼Ҫһ߳ʮ׵ĺʯ˴˿̼˵
ǵľϵ㲻϶ҲһλƽﱻһѹƣҳںһǰΪһ޾ˣǶ̿ʼɱ¾ӲɣԺʯѾһ֮ǣͻȻֵĹžˣȴǸǴ˾˵
Ժʯ峤Ҫλž˴˳ΪĵūͣΪǾһ񣡡

ٺʯһ𷢳޺Ǹ޴Ӱڵķȥ
˫۾ע£Ǳƽ³ǽǰһʱľѾ߲ס
գңͷһۣߴ˿̾һ
һ̣ǰһ̻Ի͵Ļƽ³УͻȻһ⣬ǽŴ״Сһ½ڡ
ľһȭȥȴ޷ƿǽ˵ĺߡ
һž˶ѣȻΰĺ߱Ƶֵز̫ǿ̫ˣһӵ³ﴫһ⼤գۼ͵˺ߣɢȥһŰ۵˳
˳֣˿ûǿٷ³Ƿ˽ȥ
ϣ㶪ˣյİЦһ˿̣ܵ赲ľԷŭˣŭתƵϣȴǿһһȭ˹ȥ
ָгһſƬ˲伤һɽݳǰ赲˾˵Ĺ
أ
һͷԪȭͷ˿̾ȻǱһ赲·һǽһ޷
˾Ȼûȫѣֻƾ豾£ƵǺһ죬ȫѹǸ˺մ˿ƺʲôȤ˵
ɣžˣΪҵūͣΪսˣҲû˭ܽһžոҽΪһ
˵꣬ȡһſƬ̼䣬ӵͻȻðʯɵƣһ½˵֫ץסȡһſհ׵ĸȻǴ㽫ɵƬƳū͡
ǻƽһֶκʵ׷ĺ߼ܱ˴Ŀֲˣ˿̾Ȼڻƽһû˿֮һĻõڶ忴զ಻ѣжڻƽһĿ־ʤ
˺һ͸߰Цƽһص磬˵һ£ܽһžɳΪūͣôڻƽһĵλҲˮǴߣֻᣬȻ
ˣĶԷӳԼģȻԼͺ߶Ԫ߼ƽһֶΣܱġ


ʮ 
ӵðʯ֮ץž˵֫ͬһ˽˺ϽһѾ˾˵ǰ־Ҫһĸȥ
ʱ򣬾˿һð޴ɫ绡͵һ磬һ޴׵˲˰˺յϣȻû뵽˾ȻʹϵһǾ޴ֱӱ飬ղҽһֱӱȥԶȻصײһұϡ
һĻȻ˵ԤϣΨһûиеľѾӵ³ǶܵĺߣɳȥİۺգЦһûѣҪúճһֻø߰Ļƽһ峹׷ŭó汾¶Ըˡ
ںջ᲻ᱻһɱ֪ǾԲܣƽһô׾ͱɵҲԪǿˡ
ɣɣԽԽãֻг׼ŭգһȫ֣ǻƲסˡ߶һ߰˵
Զ³һֳ֮ץֱ۵ʯצһ磬ʯצ漴飬ѳһ֣ľͺ˵ˣƬ֮˾ʯצһֱ̤Ӳ˰ۺա
ӲУ˿ҪǱжǱѾǺڲҺܶطòֱ²壬ҲЩˣͷɢңӲ޴󰭡
ֻڻƽһ˵Ѿܴ衣
ⱰľˣѾʧȥΪū͵ȨҪ֫նϣڵܾһĥȻɱ㣡ۺմ˿ĿӭȹĽƣæһſƬƬһɳϯײȥԶ
ƽһյĿƬߵȼģͬղŻ˾˵ľһ߼һſƬͨԪ߼Ǻ߶Եֵ
ǱľֻڵϻһĹ֣ȻվֱӣȻȻȻٳճ
һΣյЩˣЩŵȡǿķˣЩɶ߼ÿһȻԽ˱ˣǺܿ죬־
ⲻһĹžˣֱ̫ǿˣҾȻʹû׵֪Ϊʲô߻ǱˣΪ̫Ϊ̫ǿˡ
ղŵжǿձ˭߼ǻƽһҲж٣ֹºΪԷܲˣ˾Ȼ˿ûиоͬղ˵ģһûȫѵľˡ
Ҳ˵˵ĿǰΪֹ£ˣҲӺķ
ôѣǶôǿԼܺͶԷƽôʶ̬ء
ôȥҵ߼࣬кľʱ򣬶ҵūҲûһǿùžˣұսȻҲܶԾʲô˺ôѲĶմ˿൱ջ𣬴˿ûһʼĴݵָ߸ϵİȻ˿ֻ̣ΰˡ
źǣ벻ۿ߼ѾҪľúеջ˿־塣
ûкǿ壬û˷κ˶
ƽһȻǿԲǿùⲫȻͬԪȼҲ
˼ʱ򣬺ֻʹǿķ˾ˣֻٻﵽԪ۷ľūͺ;˶ս
ǽһȭһȫɱ
˶һȭɱūȻҲԲǾ˵Ķ֡
˿̣ڴӿ־壬ת˾
ĵһǻƽһȫѹƾˣռϷ磬Ƕڵ³ǵĺߣ˿ȴǿУȱ˸ܿʵʣǾǺҲǾûӡ
úŵʶҪӣֻܿʹͷΪ߷֣Լ޴ӣ磬ѾΨһܱѵĵطղ赲ˣôӵκһطûá
Ǿ˿϶׷ɱԼĺǣһ뵽߾Ҫ޵ĳ嶯ڶ֪Լʲôطǵˡ
ֻϣƽһп赲˵ֶΣˡ
ⲻ֪մ˿̶ܣ˿̣ոռһ߼ͬģֻͬǻ˾ˣȴ˿޷Էܿ죬˾ͻ³һΣûа취ֹ
弶ҲУȷ弶ķǻԶԸ߳׵Ӵˡ
ѾˣҪӣĶҪˣ³Ҫˣڵ³Ѻķˡ
ʵϣǻƽһƵһһƽ³ǵ棬һΣһѺԪʷһЩΪǿĴڣЩڶڻƽһ˵üֵԲɱ˵е޷ɱֻܹǻƽһԽķ֮ء
ձפڴ˵أص³ǣһڱƽһѺķˣ˲ˡ
Ҫ뿪
ں׼ߵʱ鷢ˣǱߵľ˾ȻûٳĹ
˺һ߼󣬾˶⣬һûе£ҲûվôֹĶͬһСɽһ
ˣ֪ô¡
Īһ߼ЧɵˣȻǺϣģֿ֪ԺС߼ܸɵˣԷӦ˲Ŷԡ
Ī壬ҹȥ뵽пܵһֿܣȻҲѧˣһδεĳҪװУȻԼȥٽһ
Խ룬Խֿܣմ˿һȻ򣺡ܴļƲߣȴƭң
Ȼ֪²ֿԣʵʵһ˿̣ߵȷһˡ
Ӻڰʱһʼ֪ʲô飬ֻܿͻ֮ǰ顣
ںѨʮͷԼͿϢ棬ǸʱԼľӡͻȻѣԼ塣
ʧȥʶһ˲䣬ʱջ˻ƽߺƻ棬֮󣬱ǳ˺ڰ
ɾڸոգˣֻǸоͷѣҲǾʹޱȣվûСҺܿ죬ͷһص⣬ǾԼƺ⣬۾˿壬Ƭ̣һֿܡ
ǾԼɾˡ
֮ǰʲô£¿˿ȴǷԼ˿̸ںѨһطԼǰԶĵطһЩػδİ˴˿ҲԼ


ʮ 㣨һ
óԷǻƽһ壬ǴﵽԪ߼Ļƽһ塣
һͷˮʱıһδһʹһʧͷ·ԼйƤһڿʧ
һ̣һɾ޴ֱӽڣԼ˵ڿСֻƬ̾ͱԭĴС

Ȼ֪֮ǰʲô飬ȻԼ˵һ£ҲʲôõطҪ֪һƽһ壬Է׵ĲԼڵĻƽѪ
ͻΪԼԼȫ֪ĵطûκκԮռơ
ڣΧڻһ뿪ԽԽãһǻƽһʱԼ·ˡ
ٻƻ棬ڵϴ򶴡
ʵǶˣǳ˾޴ҲûһҿΪ֮ǰľ˴ֲ̫𺳣ûԸȥֻаٷ֮һĿԣա
ղѾ˸ˣһֵһԥתܣͬһĶֱֵһᡣ
ͻȻֵúճˣǾ˳ʲô飬ѹǰȥ鿴ֻԶôš
޴ʮӲˣ֮󣬾ѾӰ٣ƺƾʧһ
ں˵ȴһĺϢ˲ˣôвҲûˣͲԺҲҪΪ֮ǰĿð֮ǰ̧ͷ
ʱ˵Ѿû֮ǰĻңȡ֮һú֪ˡ
һ״̬ľ˶ԽƵزȫѵľˣΪԼԲǶ֣ڣѵľ˲ûмһֵķʽ뿪ȻԷͲٻȻҲԴУҪĻƽһ壬ҪҪǿˣһֵʱɵ
Ǻյļƻ
ںߣ쵰ȻԼôһ鷳ѾúթԷһˣ뵽ŭĻһ⣬˵³ǡ
ôȥթߣȻ˿֪˿̣˳ƻڳһͨ뵽ǧ֮һطȻ˵档
ȻѾȫҪúһ˼ͼ䣬֮ǰʲôΪʲôԼһ޴ޱȵľˣ²ͷȴ¡
Ȼϵ·ûˣĿ仹ڣǱɾˣɴڣļƷ
ӿȡһװ伤һ
⶷ʽǳҲǳͨ˵ûʲôЧҲһͿǴ˿̣ȴʺʹá
񴩴ãͷ棬Ȼɢƻ档
ԼһСʱԺѾھƽ³幫һõĶ߾ưɣһжʮֹŹ֣ưûȫǿֲĵ壬ǵͲĴڣκΪʲôżҲ䵱һһЩСӶ
һѨüԪһζΪŹֵľƣ˵־һЩĹӺ׿һģȼϴྫϴˮûʲô𣬿ǺˣΪŲԵĹ졣
ѾգԴ˿Ѿ;ڲ֮ǰһ޴ɧŪˡ
ǵѨֱ߾ҲϰٹƽһƵĵ³ǣǿҲλá
֮ǰ߱һ׷ɱȻɻƽһĺմ˻ˣһսѾþƹȵĻ⡣
ڰǾǿĴڣ˵Ǻմ˻˾ˣҿǺǸʱҾھ˲׵ĵطҿѾ˱ƵûжˣڻܼǵúմϾֵı飬ʵҸһԪģǸټ𾴵ĺմһܣǸһһī˿̺һڶľƣȻɤ˵
忴Ӻĳ棬¶ǶĵƬһĲӵ·ﻹһ䵶
Сĵ㣬⻰ɲõ³ǵĻƽʿ˵ƽһĻǴ˵ĲǾ̫ǿˣ˵ʯ˲Ѿڰ֮ЧǸˡһǸһ
ʯ˲壿ЦͽǼľ˱ȣҲǾˣǸͷߵҲʮףǿľˣһ׸ߣҺʯ˲峣걻ѹȣʱᱻץߵģҪͶǾδػҪǣЦһ
˵类ƽһͳεĹˣǽ糹׷գԪ磬˭ȡ֮ǸˣŻкܶ׷棬Ѿܹⰵյˣ
˺ˣ˵ˣǾʧ˭֪ȥĶ˵ٳˣˣа۲巢ҪӶһЩȥɱһЩʳ֣˵𲻴Ѿˣȥȥ
а۲壿ЩĹ֧ԪҲǣҲȥȰҲȥ˵һµͷһʿļ֣ǿһȥԣ˵ʿѾкܶСǣȥҲܻһڷԣ
˵ģðɣһ
ƣȻ˳뿪ˣ֮ľҲ֪ʿͿɪա˹ǱӦûʲô⡣
ԼҲûȥˣ۱䷢Ѿ㵽ˣֻҪÿɪǵͿ뿪硣
Ÿղ壬ֱһû˵ĵطһȥ
ʱһĶ棬̧ͷһ΢΢һ㶣Ϊ֣ԼľȻһܡ
Ȼܴ·Ŷ񿴲ӣΪʦһ۾Ϳֻʦܡ
ܿͷ֣ʮָ߼һЩ߼ʦΪϢͨһ޶ʮеĻҲһۿ
ĺ棬ڵôܣܻɺϵԼĶ棬ӣƺʲôϢҪ
ȥһ㶼ֿܣ෴ȥһͨĵ塣
һ̣ܿˡ
ҵ˶ܸȤƺ㵱ǰĴ˿֪飬ҵ˵ڵǳΣգҪӡǵĿƣ˵ΪԼգȥһ棬Ը⣬͸ߣԸˡ˵꣬ߡ


ʮ 㣨
Ȼʮֺ棬ܾȻ֪˵飬֪ӡǵ飬ò˵һ仰溦èصѨ˳ѨǴ˿̣ͻȻı뷨ȥԷ˵ˣǺηʥ
ϾӡǾһĸ󻼣һʱըʱܱըܵܿԼڵӡǣ˵֪Щʲô
뵽֧ԪȻ׷˳ȥ
ܵٶȷǳ죬ֱ˵ͬȣٶҲһֱǽܵҲ᲻һ壬ֱΪӦòһ壬٣ĻԷһԼ
һЩԨʯźͶѨǰһƬʯ֣Щʯͷһޱȣֱ飬ʯֵľͷһұڣһѷ죬ѷ켴Ҳֻܲͨǰһ仰˵Ͳѷ쵱УƺѾ൱
ûԥҲǸŲѷ졣
ǰŲʮףѷķ϶𽥿ٶҲ˲٣ѷĿѾﵽףγһصͨͨ߹հ˹գ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ƣ߳ȥʮŵﾡͷ
ǰռȻʣһұڵĶѨ֣ڵϣþ޴ʯש룬һµڣһƬʱʱᴵһɹɴһ˿ܵϢ
ŤͷһȻȥϸ˿˹ɵģȻµ̨ףȻһʮصĵطܴԼ֮ǰͬ֩Թһͨͺʧ򣬼Ȼ뿴ʲôҲȥ
µ̨һ·£Ȼ󵽴һ³һĵطкܶ񣬽դΧǽͻ裬˿Щ趼Ϩˣһ͸оһϮ
ǰ棬һ㶼ûҪ˼Ȼܵʮֺ棬Ҳ¸ֻܼſǰߡ
һ㣬ûκη֣һطȥȴǿһµֻͨмĽɫƬɫƬγһȥʮǿӡǸͨڣͷ·һӡ
һӡﵽԪ޷ˣֻԪ£ңſͨһӡɣʱ˵һ䣬ǴͷһĻ
ȻԴУȻɻ󣬵ʱĺռϷ磬Ԫ̽һӡûзκ쳣ҲһȻԴУǸоͨһˮһ㡣
ͨӡ˲䣬̸оǿޱȵϢͬһɹϯЩûȥ
֪ǽɫӡǿ赲ﵽԪͨ赲ϢϢһ©ȥ
ǵ¶㣬ҵڵ㣡Ǹܳ˵һǼǰһΣܸǿԪͳ˹ܺΧ
Ѫζжûŵˣһ꣬ꣿˣҵգԿˣһɳƵͳҳаϢߣٿ˿̵վһðźľ޴Ӱ
һźƤĹ߳ףֿͷͷϾȻһԹǣһ˫۾ͬԨֲĹһ㣬ɢɭɭ
ûΪԪȼֻﵽ۷壬ȻǿĶȴѾŲϺˡ
ǻƽ߻ƻ涼׽ԸȻκξ¡
ֻĹﲢֻֻǹһǰ棬һһۣȫòˣ˵߸ǳףͬ񻰹µе
˵ΪӶԷϸоǿޱȵԪԪǿֱս˵˭оɵɾ·һĴڡ
ԷԪȼѾԽԪﵽԪ߼
֮⣬оΧкܶǿĴڿвٶǺһʵԪ߼Ԫ۷ľ͸ˡвһ﾿ʲôطô˶ԪԪ߼ڣЩڵϢǳֳ͹ϣԪǼе̵Ĵڡ
ʱǰ˵ˡ
Ԩħ˹ڤǱˣϿÿҪˣܵԪȼҲԪļ۷壬˿˵ǳǿǰȻûһ˿һ⡣
˵ʵ֪һԪļ۷˸ҺԪԪ߼ǿô˵ôȴıȻǻԵĹ
ʵϵĽȴʧԼǸԨħֻǺܵĻ󣬾ȻЩȻͷϳǵԨħ·ʮźĵı顣
ŶΪʲôҵ˼궼ûгˣòôһΪʲôҳԣħйеĲֻȴЩЦһҪߵĺڽкҽħĻЦá
ˣˣҪԶʳУøһȣҲҪһֱۣҾˣһֱۣ˵꣬ͷϳǵĶħȻſˮʺ촽
Уʮּᶨľܾˣ˹ʵΪã֣ʵ˲棬ԿԼ
ʲôǽ˹Ķħ̷·ЦЦһЦҡͷҲţһԪ弶ҳԿҪǴģܴ͸һȣô
ܸ˵ڴ˿̣һȻǴӵ´涼𶯡
ãǾͱһ°ɣסҪ
¶еԪһ£Ȼ˼ΪǿǿüԪ߼Ĵڶо¡
ãһҲˣ˹Ȼʮ˷ܣǸ΢΢һ㶣󷢳һЦȻȥ
˹һӻǲʹҪһȻǶǸ˵ģҴ⻰˼ֻҺܺ棬Сһ﾿ʲô£ȻõǸһ˿ء˺һ˲ӰУֻһųĶħ˹
Сһ׼𣿡˹˿̺ٺһЦԴһëȻðһŻ硣
׼𣿡Цŷһ䣬ղŵǸ˼ҲˣԼ飬ǶԷ˵ҲȤĶħô


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Ȼ׼ˣǾͿʼɣСһңʵǶˣҳһȣʱһЩǳƽˣ˹ʱȰοһȻ󼱲͵
ӦԶܼ򵥣ȡƽѾðȻһȭ˹ɳȥʮԶ
գ֮ͽˣ˵˹ͻƽ߶Ԫ۷壬ǻƽߵƷʸߣӵг䲻ٶȣһֱӽ˹ſˡ
߱һȭУԶֱߺߣͬʱЩţһۻƽߣһʼ㵣ǲţǿ־壬ȵĿ־塣
Ҹڤ裬Ǽһ϶Ϳǡģ˵ȻҴɫºˣ˹һ־壬ûܣǻһֺõЦݣӵ˹
䣬䣬СֵĴҲҪˣĲҪˣ˹˿Ϲҳȿ޻ѿЦݣͷһȼյëҲϨˡ
ЩЦĶħȴǾȤȻ֪ԷΪʲôһͻȻı̬ȣֵĺܣϲһġ
һȡһſƬصһѾһ޴ȡҰĴȣȻǳҲǷǳõģúܺóԣԳŵʱ򶼻ὫһЩǴõĴȿߣ˿һһٶĴץȻһףӸ˶Ĵ˹
Ԫ۷ĸ֣ӦȻֽסЩȻǸʲôһʮŵζ
⡭ǡȻ޲۶֭ɢζĴҧһڣǴ˹ô¡
ЦЦû˵˿ڻƽâ£¶Ѿһ޴Ŀռ䣬ûʲôڵȻҲûϸ˵һ
һļĻƽӡηﾹȻϰٸԪСĶԪԪ߼Ҳв٣ĲԻȻֻͽһЩͽͻΪֲĳ
ֻǵ¶㣬˵ﻹе㣬ôֹʲô
ղŴӵ´Ȼ˵һЩ⡣
߰ɣ·ʤҪʲôҪԼ˭Էһ֣ĸ֣ԸоԷûж⣬ԸҪԭ
ܼ·׼ϣȴǱߴ˴سԵ˹ǰͲסʼǸҰȣѿޱȡ
ЦЦǰȥһΣûκٸȴΪǸĻƽߣǺʹ˹һƽ֮ȫ¶˿־֮ɫҲǶһݾη
ͷһ㣬ԣֱһкܿܺ͵Ǹйϵ
ǰ棬һµͨڣͬһɫķӡڣֱӴΪ֮ǰľ飬Ҳûԥڴ˲䣬̸о˼ȿֲԪ
͵¶ԪȣĴһĽɫӡԵȼߣԪ߼޷ͨҲ˵Ԫ߼ı棬Բ뿪
Ȼ͵¶ǣԪΪǿ󣬵ȴǼ٣ĿӦһ£ֻܸо
һһǿģ¶ǺǸƽһʵ൱΢ǿһЩȫĻƽһ壬һǴﵽ˿ֲԪ˼
һԪ߼һԪ߼۷壬һԪ˼
ֻоͷƤ飬ΪһЩգֱתͷ뿪ΪѾȫܿƵķΧֵطǸԪ˼ҪԸԼԼʲô취ܶȥ
ǼȻˣҪŪô£ڵ磬ôֵط¶ϰٳԪĳ֣㣬ȻԪ߼۷Ԫ˼ĸ֡
˿ȥһﾹȻ޴棬һ˫ʿҪһľͼ׳棬׳ϵļ׿Ǻޱȣױϻһִļ̣Źֵľͼ׳棬ǸﵽԪ߼Ĵڡ
޴ļ׳ֻŤ޴Դųʮֻ۾һۣ㲻ٹע
һԪ߼ļ׳汻棬ԶͬԳƵһһ²⡣
㣬һʼֻˣ׳ǺģĻƽӡԪ߼Ĵͨô׳ҪôǺؽģҪôԪʱԪ߼
ڵڶֿܣó޴ļ׳ػеһ
ܴ˿һ߹ȥ˽ǰŵˣ˴ˡ
ȻǸľܵˣҲǸղ˵Ǹˣ󻹸Żƽߣ˿Ϊ˽⿪еɻ󣬾ֱ˹ȥȻ档
棬˿һͷ
ڰֲĵ㣬ͷȴǴһ˿һʵ޻ĳۣͷףȴĴ˿ͷڵϣϴһĳ־ʯֻͷ벻⣬Ȼ￴顣
һ飬ڵĻĶȻԷӵҹɫ
˾ͺãͷǺһЦȻ飬̧ͷһۣҲԷ£ͷʮ죬ƺʲôط
Ϊ֮ǰӡǵʴµĻԻûгˣȻͷʮϤƫƫ벻Է˭
ͷ΢΢һ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôϵЦݸʤȻ㣿ôһ˸˾ӡǣأûչ𣿡
ͷģͷĻӻȻʣ뵽ʲôȴ¶֮ɫ㡭ǵ¡ʦ
ûˣͷӣԼѧϰƽǸӰһģһʱѾ֪Էǿʦĵʦ˵ǿʦ¡
ֻû뵽ΰʦȻڵյĵط
û뵽ǾȻôԵˣϲǸѺǸ׳տҪľˣȻҵͽʵ̫Ȥˣ¡ʦ˿̹˵ѹûаԼһ
˵ϲǱڶǸˣҲǸԪ߼׳ػǸ
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ʲôǴ˵
ҪĴڣֻܴӱ˿ĸ¼ɼһֱΪִ˵ˣʵҲͨʲôֻҪֿܴɼǾͲǴ˵ˣЩ˵еˣ˺ͨһʱ
ڣڵϣͷسԴԼթȥĿ⿨ͷνĴʦΰţһʵҲԼûɶģ¡ʦں̸˼仰󣬾ݣһ顣
ֻжʮĿƬȴǱ¡λ˵еʦƭȫƭߣȵӦʱĿ⿨ѾһŲʣ
һγԵĿ⣬ѾǼǲʲôʱˣȻҿżȥɹһЩʳ˵ʵЩóʳʵ޷ҵκʳǿð¡ʦһ鿾ԽĨĨ
ߺߵǿ黹Ǹĺͷ͵¡һŴӵ¡ҪĿ⣬ֻͷԻ٣ʼգֻԲ˵ֱһ󣬲Ķӵ¡ͽȤ൱ȤҸıˣ֮ǰ˵æһ
¡һ̾Щԣ֪˴ʲôա
ˣôģԱĵ¡ʦһĨ죬±Ǹʦ
⣬ûʲôģ¡ʦһ㶼ûָ߸ϵļӣһԼﳤĸоǾͽ˳ͬʱ˵˿ʦѾȥѰҶԷ顣
ҲˣֻĿǰ޷磬Ҳң㣬ȻԵõԿףǻԵɺҵ˵¾ʯţҲ㵽ϵľӡǷ֮ͻᱻ֮˿ƣ磬ûκܾ㣬Һϲڣȴǿѹӡǣÿӡǵ±ɺ£ӡǵҲ֪ˣ㲻֪ҲԽ֮ǰ˵㣬һ㽫һƽһ˻ܡ¡ʦ˵
˵ͷ֮ǰѾ֪ˣԼںѨﱻڶ޷ѹӡǵռ壬Ǹ߰׵ľˡ
֮Լһ·׷ɱһֱ׷ͻƽһĺմսֻںԼ˹ռӡǵԶˣԼ»ָ
ӡǾͬһʱըһڷʱ򣬿ȫΪ־ѹƣɣӡǳһĸ󻼣˿¡ʦȻа취ѹƣȻ൱ˡ
ˣĿ⣬Ҳʲô¶㻹Ϊ̰ͼЩⲻɣ¡˿˵һ䣬ȴ˷ۣ仰ǲš
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ҲЩţʱ򣬵¡ʦԪҪѹӡǵɣ
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սĵط˲ʱðһǿҵϵһЩʯֱӱײһЩʯڿоͱεɷĩ
˿Ѿоʧȥ˿ƣƺһ̣ͻữΪ߰׵Ŀֲˡ
ʱ򣬵¡ʦǸϲͬʱ֣˲оԪһӻӡǵУһʹȥһеľ飬ûлʣҧؼ˹һϵĶ˲飬ʹ¡ʦϲǿԪѹӡǵ
˼άͬһһһתȻͻȻ֣ԼΧľɫȻˡ
ﲻ֮ǰĵ㣬Ǳһطȷǣ϶ǵ磬Ԫ硣
ԶǾ޴ɽͣïֺܵͺˮУƣԼ֮䣬ԿһЩ޴
˺ܶˣеʮףеʮϰף⵱Ум˵ر޴
һģһ۾ˡ
߳ףɢϢϢ֮ǰڵ½ԨǸ۾ˡ
һߴӰǰ˱۾ˣ߱ȶ۾˻Ҫߴһվͬһ㣬Կеľ˶˱۾˾Ǿ˵ߡ
ֻ˱۾˻ߴģΪԶһȰ˱۾˻Ҫ޴һľˡ
߳׵ľˣҲֻľ޴ѾԷ֮ȴ˳Ǹͼݵľˡ
УɽҲֻǺڽµһʯ׶ѡ
Ǿ˵磬κ壬Ҫ˳˿̻һתһΪս
ܶǿĴڣϳʼˣȻǿ󣬵ЩĽ½ڽڰˣʱЩУлڽ⵱еˣлɢźɫƻԪˣҲϲߵˣһ޴Ժ׾Ტ۵Ĺ֣ǿޱȣһж飬Ľ½ڽڰˡ
գսܣǵʣµˣһ硣
ʱһǾСİ׾ˣͻȻŤͷȻ¶ɫץ˹
޴Яױȵѹȶ̸овصĹؼʱ̣ͻȻԶ٣һ⣬һڹ⣬һӽ˵ĶȻͣ٣Ϸŭĺ
ʶʲôһǵ¡ʦϲԼѹˣԼʶеľˣӡǣֻнѹƣܴӶԷĿнѳ


ʮ 
ڸղŵľһľ󣬿϶Ǵӡǵеļ䣬˿ȴǳԼʶУ˵˿ӡǵʴȱһλҪǿһûе¡ʦϲԼѹӡǣôţһԼԶٶȨˡ
ȷ൱Σգ˿ѾʮȷǾ統ʱûаʲôġ
Ŵ˿ͬһĹǰľƣҲɫĹԪǵ¡ʦԪһɫԪȴǳƻԪǿƻԪ
ʶǸ۵ͷһҲƻһĳԱƽһ岻ͬƻһ˸٣ֻǲ֪ͷƻһ嵱ʲôλ϶ͨˣϾϲ˿Ǳȵ¡ʦҪԪ˼
Ԫ磬֪ģԪ˼ѾǿڣûбԪ˼ǿĴˣԪȼ̹ʦԷҲ˵ڵڶԪ統УǿĴҲֻԪ˼۷塣
һϾͿԿóǸϲһֻ֣ĸôᱻƽһѺȴоЩѽĵط
ЩʱԷŵ棬µ֮뷨ӽӡǻΪáȻ¡ʦϲҪԼɱӡӦ׾٣֮ûôҪԼӡǵ
ȻˣҲṼͷ˫ֻ㼯Ԫڵ׻꿨Ƭͷ˳
˵Ƭʵ֮ǰѾ׻꿨㼯߳ңֻʣ²ɻƬ״̬Ѿ뷨ҪὫԼĻ꿨ӵСĸЧҲ˵ҪӡƳ￨ڻ꿨УһԼͿԳվ˵ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԻΪǾ;ˣþǿޱȵˡ
֪ģԼľٶԪ߼ĴڣȻһҪռΪеġ
ʶռ䣬ȻðôͷҲֻһɲǵʱ䡣
ƿ棬Լһװ취Ȼ˵Ҫôһ㣬Ҳ޼ˣ꿨ƳɺĸһĿƬȻûôԼ˫֣꿨һЩƬ㼯һʼעԪ
磬¡ʦʱðŻʱð磬ͳʮףڵһ̾˿
Ȼڵ
¡òŵģͽ˼Ҵ϶ԳɹĽӡǿƣһĻ꿨֮ջƽڻлƽһѪǺܿҪһöӡǣ˵ʵȤСӣҿɹ˾ӡǣԪȼȻͻƵԪΪлƽһѪķӡҲûӰ죬ȥ硣Ǳߵϲ˵гĽ
Ǳ⣬֮ǰ˵õģֻŮһϢ˶ѣɲҲˣ¡Ȼϲʲô̻ؾ
֪ԺУӡԿڻƽһĴӪȷڵʵȷȥԿ״ȴΨһϣ۹೤ʱ䶼ΨͽǱ̫ˣɳĳ죬˵ĿԽԿ״Ȼ뿪ѵԶط𣿡ϲٺЦ¡룬ͻȻҲǺٺһЦа¿Խǰ˵ģЩѾΣܵȰǰΣȹɣ
һ㲻˵Ҳ֪Ȼͽһô˵꣬ϲ֣ԪһſƬ̺ǿƻԪȻʮֲ
߼ħƻ֮ҲˣƻԪһſƬǱƻ֮ǿˡ¡ȻϲһſƬңȻҲСһΣСһˡ
˵꣬¡ҲȡһŽĿƬ澹ȻһͼǶ¹ǣȻڿƬߡ
ʦ߻÷֮צߵȼ֣Ҷ᲻ãαСˡ¡ðŻ׵Сˣ¶˴Ȱ֮ɫ
ſƬ˦塣
ʶռؾۻ꿨ҽתΪ꿨Ƶĸʱâ˳ɫͺɫԪ룬Ȼɵǰղ
һۣͷ͸ԼĶͷʵͳĶԲ
ȡһȻһ
Ǹħƻ֮Ȼ߼ħԽһǿƻԪԵĸһϣӵƻ֮Ȼ˵ǳɱƻԪˣټ᲻ɴݵķһ顣
ƻԪ߼ħƷʼߣȡ޽һ߼ħ
һƻԪֱӸ޽ϣ϶һɷƻԪԭ޽弶ӳ߼ħֱһԾΪ߼ǸħǿЧ
֪´Լ׼ﵽԪľˣ⽣׵ĽնɱԪ߼ľˣҲ˺Է֮ǰּľˣ޽˰衣
һſƬǲףԭ߱˱۾˴ɢʥ䵱лָѾûпʹõߣצǸߵȼķޣӳϣٶȻ֮ǰҪ̫֮࣬ǰҲļצǸħһҲ߼
Ҫ֪Ԫ磬߼ƬĿƬ˵кܶ˶û˿һ¾͵õ
Ȼ֪ͷҪͶԼɲ̫࣬ȻǺöǾͶҪ١
֮ȫĹעڲϣ֮Ļ꿨ڱ޲ϣҸǱһĸ
ĸƿĻҪһ￨Ҫĸӡڡ
˿̣ҪӡģǰһɫԪһɫԪѹľˣֻҪӡȫȫ˾ӡǵĿȨǼѾ￨Ļ꿨ʶҲᱻᡣ
ЩǱɣҪһЩ
꿨޲ϣǰľȥ߱ԪѹĶã˿ƺҲ֪ҪͷȴǷĺС
Ķôֱ࣬ԾȻһӽ꿨˵ϡ
أ
һ죬˵忪ʼŤȻĻ꿨УȻǾô˻кͷת̡
ȵ˵ȫ꿨꿨֮ϲųһ˵Ӱ˿Ҳ͵۾
Χǵ㣬վĵطѾǱǿһԲοӶ̷֣ԼȻǴԪ弶ͻƵԪ
ô᣿ϲҪ֪Ԫ弶ͻԪҪϲԪؾԪſԣֱԽͻơ


ʮһ ˵ķ
ڽԪ£ºóһۣԪؾУԪŨȷǳߵĵط˵Ԫ޴ԪѹսеǱԪֿѹӣǿȵ󣬾ͻγһǿԪؿڣ˽
ɾӡǵĹҲƣԾӡǵԲԪõԪҪ࣬Ҳ˳¡
ӡǷ꿨һ֮һսվһʬϵĶɫ䡣
ô£һöӡǾȻʧˣܣʲô飿ֳһĵгһʱ
ǰ棬һѾƵĳ򣬳ʮڶʮϵľ˺һʮ׼ľڽһƴֿ
ԿڳģԿǡĿ۹һݵ㣬ۼݵʵҲԲСǴ˿ھ˵Ľ£Ѿǽڽڰˡ
ܶǲҵľǰĿ۹һǧ˵ӣͬʱ˫ĿԪâķʦЩǾݵı
ʿǣ󣬰γĵ̴ǵĵˣһĿ۹ʿӳ漸ʿȡ˾޴ĿᣬȻ󲻶ϼֿƬЩƬԼӳָǿʿϣʹǿԾص壬ʹǵ׸Ӽ᲻ɴݣʹǵĵ
Ŀ۹ķʦ˫Ŀһâءľˮ׸ߵԪؿܣһЩߵķʦֱӴ˫ĿһЩԶľˡ
ǧֻԪؿܳ˾ˣչΪҵⲫʮֻԪؿܳ˵УɱĶˡ
˿̣˻С
ŶļһЩ˵ָӹ٣ɱ˽Ⱥף⼸ͻȻð˳Ѿľݵ㣬˵ͼߵ۹һͳ򶼱ƣǿӵʮ˵ĳ򣬶һԪٸ߳ʮʮʮ׵ľΧ£˲ͱƣȫɱЩȻҪ²ǵĵ۹Ѿ´߼Ľ䱸ͬʱٹѾ´˶ԾһΧʿǣսɣΪĿ۹ɱЩˣʵϣҪռƣһսûʧܡӳʥ˵ǧװʼ˳档
ͬʱʮԪؿѾǳ嵽˶˽ǰ׼ʼ
һ߳ʮľ˴˿̳֣һȭѾԾɱ˵ľԪ飬ŤͷŶ˺ָʹܻܿսǾһ巴ԪҪָӹ٣޷ս˻ص󷽣ôŵս
Ȼ˵Ķ˵İοʵϣԶûһ𾴣иһֲм͵٩
ɫѿ̧ͷһǸ䳰ȷľˣȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
󣬶ϵĶ·һһţ·ѵһʣôվøղ˵Ǹ¶аЦݡ
ָʹҿɲΪѾˣ
ԣ
ˣҲǾ˿˵һȻǾӡɢһɾ޴Ԫһӿ֡
ʲôǾ˺⼸һ߹Ԫؿܣһ߲Ŀ
һ̣һ޴ֱۣȻȭ˳ȥֱӽղ˵Ǹʮ׸ߵľҳ⽴
ѪɽȥʮԶ޴ȭͷǿԪսϵ˫סˣǿĴڣҲԪ弶۷ľ˺Ŀ۹Ԫ弶۷ӳ
Ǵ˿̣ɢԪȫԽԪ弶۷壬ԽԪԪ۷塣
Ԫ߼Ԫ
߳һڰʮ׸ߵľˣϸϾȻǹһͬһƤһЩҪλǳͬһ㣬˵زһŮԣһͷ
ղǸ˵ģӾ޴Ůˡ
ҽܲˣ˶ҪˣŮ˵꣬ǰһȻһȭ˵ϡ
أ
һۿɼĳͬһɢΧ׷ΧڵһжɱƬʮ˺ǧĿ۹Ԫؿܺ
Ůһɵɱһɱ¾ȻŸոտʼ
ǡ
֮⣬ĸ߲㶼ڣÿһϵı鶼ء
һǰ°ۼ֧ԮĵһսڸϵĿĵ֮󣬾Ѿ°ۼѾױ˷棬٣ǿ˼ΪغͿֲĳԭѾƻұھһֱ幫ӣû֪жˣЩһʱѾʼᣬǿɭ֣޴Ŀ׺ͱȻĴ֣ռ鱨Ԫ糬˳ɵܵ˾˵ĹһЩСһЩ״ݻ٣Ҳͬܵ˹Щ֮һжݻ٣κλڣ˵֣Ǹڸ𡣶һСʱǰٹһС;ۼر˽״ݻ٣û⣬ڽһСʱڣʱܵϼսӢˬվһͼϣָһ˵
˿̵ϼѾͺܾ֮ǰǸͨĶŮӽȻͬڵǣѾ㹻ĴֹۣԼΣʱҲܴӦԡ
ҲΪʲôմȨԭ
Ѿս׼ʱڣǿԶԱʿսǵԶ̴ʱԷ䣬齨ĿվһԣѾΪ˾ԱĶƷɳ˵
ôЩˣʤж󣿡ϼŤͷһ䣬Ĺؼ
ֻʮ֮µľˣ٣ǴﵽԪзԪ⵼Ҳһɱǲͬգκ壬ЩľˣַܵĴƷߣһľ˵Щľ٣ֳ
ϼҡҡͷȻ󲥷ŻõƬ̻˼źĵƬֵڴأƶ˵ĸߴӰƬ˸ܵϢϢ
˵ּľˣǵʤж󣿡ϼһ䣬ֻһû˵Ϊû˸˵ʵܲܵеùּľˡ
λһǵõ鱨ǣЩ˲Ŀֻ꣬ҪĶܵԳ磬ǻЩ߼ľˣʱǵЧ𣿡Ȼû˸ҴƱ
ܿ˶صȥ׼Ҫսֻĵļˡ


ʮ Ұ
ûϢ𣿡ϼһ䣬ļȻ֪ϼʵ˭Ƕֻҡͷ
ԪаҲԲûѯʹ˵ۼأ¾ǣ򣬶ûϢ˵۹ĬĬʦƽ̨ҲҹѯʹܶʦҲûϢҿԼ˭ҲϧϣϺΣȻŮСҲôʱЩˡ
Ǿʱˣ˵ʲô鷳һֱѣܰæģż뷨ӽµľΣȥ˵ڶսѾҪϣĻ˵װ˸ǿں͵ܵĶսԪֻ·һǿĵˣӦø³ǣʱ˵һһЩϢ
ζҪȥֵڶսֵۣϼһۣ˵
һٸʮϵľھǻʮ๫ĵطͱȫһһսԽǵǿչ¶ţûǿЩͣսƣʹǿķҲྭԪ޷Ტۡ
ĵȻ֪Ԫȼս
㣬죬ʱϴӵ¡ϲȡԪ֪ʶ¡̸Ȼϲż͸¶ļȴʵʵĹֶΣûһ˿һȡɣһ֡𿨡ֿʹƻԪ˲ƿȻӳٻūϣЧǾǽūͱһը
ϲУκζԵΪȡʤκǿġ
ūͣΪǿĵˣô䲻ū;һս
ٺ٣һ룬ĵΪɱū͵ʱͻȻūͺһȵ˷ӦѾˣߣҪıԵսսĿʲôǾʤΪʤκ鶼ԣеʱսḶ́ܵ²ܵ˵µĿ֣սĿġϲ˿̺Ҳˣֵͬһϱ̬һһʼµĵһʮִһʼΪһԸЦʵ֤ϼһ˵ȵ¡ʦҪ졣
ҿǺ͵¡ʦһʱ̫ˣ˵ĹϵѾǷǳ磬е֪ĺøǵӣ󲿷ָǶϲ̨ϼһҲ⡣
˭ǳʤҲһϲˣǿǽϰˣ¡ʦʱʹϲʹ
ɫһڣ̴¡֮ԻᱻЩƽһΪҲǿΪ̫ƻҪǰ쵰ˡ
˴̣ѾǼֲ֣Ͼ⼸ʱÿһʱ䶼ˣ˭ϰˡ
ȻѾԪǵ¶ķӡȴסԭȴǷǳ򵥣Ϊһ˿ƽѪӡǲԴлƽһѪƣԱ˵ԪǴﵽԪ߼Ҳκơ
˵زס¿ʱصѨ˳ѨÿɪպͿ˹þ䷢Լȥǻ᲻ʹ÷ȻǲܵģΪλѨ˳ѨĵĵطﲻԼκ˲ܽ룬˷ԾҪ붼ܡ
Ѿûʲô֮ˣҳ׷ӡ˾ӡǣ˱ɾ֮Խߺͻƽһ˶ѹȥջһʼ޷ġھӡǣ¡ʦϲ˵Ƿǳ߼ӡǣھһжһֻĹԵϡټϡУаˬһѣǸŮ֪ιȥ
˵ǻþӡ֮ǰԻʵʵ뿪磬ڣôˣνʲôʵʲô飬µһЩȤ顣
磬ռƽ³ǡ
ɲ췽ҹ̷˵뷨ʱϲĻͲûԼźˡ
ƽ³ǿǵ³ĺĽľȨģҪռƽ³ǣҲζţҪȾָ硣
˵ʵЩ췽ҹ̷ֻʵԲ˷飬ǿԱ֮ȥЩ뷨
˵ռƽ³ǵĺôǲ˵Խӹܻƽһ崴ĵ¸֣Ϊˣ˵磬ôԲ˵ḻĿ³ս
һԴƽһ壬˵ʵڻƽһ壬Ѿûʲôӡ˵ɵǸƽһ庣գҲԼٶԵ¡ʦǵвδƽӡķѾ֪ˣȻʱڣҪӻƽһϳȡ⿪ӡԿЩʵϲԪ˼Ķ֣Ȼڿ˵ǱƽһݺűģܽλԪ˼ƽһǿѾԣƣƽһλԪ˼Ĵڣڶ˵Ԫ˼ֻ
ʵ磬ֻҪһվͿˡ
⻹һ㣬ǵǣ۱䷢ô죿
һ⣬۱䷢޷޸Ĺϣֻ޷Լȥôռƽ³Ǿͳ뿪Ψһ;ˣΪ뿪³ǵΨһ󣬾ڻƽ³
ôԼȥôһȥЩ񣬵ʵϺô飬ԼΪʲôȥأңǾôȥ
Դ˿̣¶˾ģ㲫һ㹥ռƽ³ǡ
ϲȻǶ֧֣飬ǳֵ֧̬ȣ¡ʦҪ֣һڵ³кܶƽʿǻƽһҳϵūͣص³ǣٵǸطǲþ̬ģһʱϾˣ˵ʡ
¡ʦĽȻᵽ˵ˣһǳĵӡ
¶㱻Щһԭͷ켶ڣڵﶼǵĲڣǿǽһЩͿձǵĲ壬һͷ̾Ϳ׵ĵõһ֧ǿľӡ
Ȼһ⣬ЩʵȻѨҪˡ


ʮ ʯ˲
뿪˵㵽˵¶㣬ЩĸǿߣҲ֪͵λмĹϵ¶ɵ֮ɫ
˵ҪǽһЩȥǵĲ£Щһһָ죬е֧֣еĬȻԼĴ㡣
Ҳû˶֧ԼҪĲ²ڶ࣬ھҾЩһﲻԵĲҲӡ
գЩѺڵ¶ļһһѡ֧ǸҲһѡ˳ĬҲ˵ЩѺڵ¶ĶǺܾǰڻƽһֵʱܵĸͷ죬Ͼʱ̫ԶǵĲ˵Ͳˣ޵δ֪УȻãûУж
жǺʯ˲塣
Ǿϵ˵ڵҲһ֪ģһ彫ϵУںһⶥĴѹ£Ǻʯ˲廹˼ͦǴһϿͿ֪Է򵥡
Ҫǣʯ˲ѾԼľ̬Ҫձʯ˲壬ȻҪףЩ˵ҳ϶Ҳܵõ֤
¶ЩһĲҲãҳ϶Ⱦ޷֤ˣʱԨħ˹ʮе˹
СӣҺͶԵҪ£Ҫһӣܼ򵥣ҵȥԨħһ壬õΪǿҳʿٸһ鿾⣡˹ȻҲһͷ켶Ǵ˿̣ȴͬһؤȻǿջ̫ˡ
һöָһöӡŻĵĽָȻҲһö䣬ֻѾտҲʲôûУһöյĿ䡣
Ǻʣһö仹ҪãעԪ󣬽ָɢȵĻ档
ָȻ˿һڴĴ˹Ȼֵ̯Բ𣬿ûˣͷ޹ˡ
仰˹ɫ䣬ȴǼȵʧͬһС֪ʳ͸һСһ
ԺһųȥҪ˶ãԶٿⶼԣΪָɣС˵һ䣬Ȼ߳˵¶㡣
˹ĿɿڴƬ̣¶һ˿ڴ
·˵磬Ȼһ֮һ󣬴ͻѨ˳Ѩ
뿪ʱһûʲô仯Ѩ۱䷢Ҳûκֵļ
߳Ѩ˼ѨˣɪպͿ˹Ǽ˹ЩӪȻˣһʮʱûг֣ǾѨ˳ѨַſڣõΪ⣬мԭļһȻ˼
֪ǣЩһֵʮֻȻҲ֪ǵĽܻţҲĹϵЩѨ˺Բ𾴡
ʧٵʱ䣬ȴûһʣֻпɪֹǿһ˿ġ
£һǽʿļͷ죬ȥһºʯ˲⼸ĳѨλãһ£ǽпɪˣȥ˿۱䷢
޴ľ۱䷢ͬϷһڶѨɪպͿ˹۾Բˣ˿ǹֽһ·𿴵һ
ȷһ˾޴Ѩ˳ѨҰ㣬ܴ˹ͬǿħֿԽƿڵĶƿһ˵˭е档
оԱ̿˿ͬ⡣
ȥܲ´Ȼûͬ⣬ǾԲҿȨƣֶҪǿһεȨƣû˵ĻҪȹ̡
ǿ˰죬óĽǣ۱䷢û𻵣˵һϢȻкϢлϢϢǣû㹻ĵ۱䷢
⻰ͷ󣬰Ȼûôס
ǿһЩи죬ռһЩһ뵽һЩ˵˵Զи죬ԪṩԴȻ۱䷢ܲ۱䷢ϵܻܲȥȻ˭ģ˵һоԱ˽顣
Ҫãôʣȴûٱʲôϣǣιռƽ³ǣȻȫ̽ӹܣʱͿʹõ³Ĵǲص㡣
һ££оԱҲȷ˵ͷͬʱУκʱ׼ûд
ܿ죬Ѩ˸ݻϢ֮ǰҪձļλû˳ŵͼͿɪǶ˼ٴ뿪
磬ʯɽλʮƫԶ򣬶ҵҪɽϺұڶмΪʯ̣ԿһЩϻһЩĺǡ
ȻҪнֻҪһͻᱻЩ̴̴壬ǺʯĳѨҲǿֲĵκ;ǿսںһǿѹ֮£ʯ˲ܴ
ڴһţҲǶ˼̣ںǾ޴Ͷʯ󳵣߰ףɫԪԴ̴ǼӲס
֮ڵΪʽľ±ݣЩʯ˾ȻźصĿףȻѵأɢȫͬʯһжԵļΪ档
ֻҪһͿ֪ڵźһ˿ֲĵˣʯҪֻˣҪԼĳѨ޷Ƶıݣͱһˡ
Ӵļ̱ݺ༸ļ̷Լ·Ǻͼսµĺۼ֪ʯǶôս
Щܸˣ൱ĸˣȻЩʯ󳬳ԼԤϣּսԼҪռƽ³ǵĿѾ൱ˡ
Ҫģ͵ľ峼Լ¡
ûзУǲǰھʯǾ޴ļ̴ǰ׵ĵطһƿһ֧׶೤ϸļݺݲǰ漸׵ĵط޴ʯķ飬ûʯһ룬ֻβ淺һɽĹ
ԲƫˣרˣĿĺԣǾǾ棬Լİ˲׼ǰһԲƫ
ִģǾʹõľֳѾΪɹˣ̧ͷһԿļ̳ǽϣһ˵ӰԷŵľһѾ޴ֳֹ
ЦЦû⣬ǼǰЩ˺ʯҲǿһǹȤ
׼չ¶ݵʱͻȻԶ˼


ʮ һȭɱ
ǳ̶ڵĶڻص˻ʮͷԶ˹;һЩСڿֲֻ֮ܶĽ
ͣ˽ŲʮͷԶ˹һʼΪЩԼ鷳ϾԼ֮ǰںѨ˸췭ظǺܿͷԡ
ԭܼ򵥣һô֪Լһ˺һֱ£ͽѨ˳Ѩƽˡ
УϴԼھ̬ʶҴ򣬽ѨŪ췭ظߴѨ׷ɱ³ǣЩǶԼôܻԼ
ЩԼģҺʯ鷳ģע⵽·кܶʩЩ֮ĶѾݻ٣Ϣĺۼ¾ɶУ˵ÿһʱ䣬һͻʯ塣
ʮֻٶȼĸǹ·һǺһڵƣȻЩõӾͿվеһͷ¶һ˿ϷʵĲ̣Ȼ͵ĸͿһ׻档
䣡
ͬǹһϯȻһƬ𺣣յϵһУȻҲû
ʯǱߣѾʾսһȺϣǼ̵ĺףֳ־޴ͬм̵ܣն嵽˺ʯΧǽϣеֳ־ľվں棬ʮܿʮ󳵣˿Ҳ׼ЩǺʯԸһֵЧ
Щ棬һǲַʿǣǵŭЩӵɣһʮ׵ĺʯָӹٷŭ𣬵һսӺʯﴫ޴ʮͷɱȥ
̵Ǽ̵׺ͿͿ棬˫һͿʼɱͨںϣѴ͸ǵףҲΪһηɹĺͶӴֻԪļĺЩһ׺׵ǺЧģǶͳʮסʮʮ׵ĺЩĴ͸ЧͲôˡ
˺ģֻгϵһöĺȻ£С͵ϣֻܽһŻǣȻ󱻵ӽʮ״ȻһϢ
ʯǱðһŻ棬ʯ˱û˲ҽ֮һʯͶһѳìǺϣûƿף޴ҲǴͷͷת򣬺¶ŭ֮ɫȻֱ£;˿ʼⲫ
ˣȻǺĶ֣ʯѾ㹻ĺͺսľ飬ž޴ܵľǰ棬ľں棬һӽΧ
һҵĶԹ̴ˣǷɳ˰ΧȦ
ʯȴʧͬսطȻʯԵֵͽǵʧҪһ㡣
ĵľ壬ǵĵֿԽԽ죬ҾҪǵţɱǵˣһͷͳʮ׵ĺĺһﵽԪĺںһ嵱Ҳ
ͷ֮ǰѨľ¼ˣһʱŻָΪԼϱ̤ˣǸˣһã̴ʮҺʯĻ˵ʵͷѾµǸֲİ׾ˣⲻ±ѹĺʯ塣
죬ģͷҪеһԹȫͷųĿ꣬Ҫɱʮʯ˲ݣڹ֮ţҲֻ˵˵ѣϾʯôʱﹶӲдҲһʵˣһͽɱˡ
ǣɱЩľˣȻ棬˻
Ȼʯ˵ķҲЧġ
ವһ
һ֧׵ļʸһֻڶʮҵĺ߼̵ûֵַܵʸĴֱ̣Ӵ̴ȻͷֱӴӿˤ䵽˵ǳ߰ʮ׵ļϣ̾ͱһ㣬ʯ˾ŶƳ˳ȥͷԴ˻ȥ
ʯ˵ľٶɴŭ˿ǸСͷ죬߷һ㸩壬Ϳһ˵ĺʯһץڿҧΣѪĽͬһѪꡣ
ɱɱɱɱеĺʯˣСͷ˱ŭǿĻһδγצɱʯˣʯҲڷפĺʯǿҲֻԪ弶۷壬ԪĺûʲôֶΣԷʮֿ٣ҪжԷѶҲǼ
ֳȫǺֲ
ںʯ˱ѹƵҪʱͻȻһһͷͳʮ׵ĺͱһ̴֧ԴȻұϡ
һ±Գ˶ս˫ԤϣʯǱ߿ȥҲǸȥȴǿںʯҫ֮׵ĵطһӰ߳˻𺣣һװ˼ˣȴץһֻȴﵽ׵
һ̤Ͷһ
ʲôˣԼ±Է׳ɱСͷԷŭˣȻԷܵͶɱԼĲ£ԲͨˣԷԪڹʱҲչ¶š
Ԫߣֲøһ壬ҶҪ֪Ǵ˶󣬼ͬΪԪǺгԽͬʵҾͽ˺飬кʯˣΪǿԮû뵽ɣֻһӣһֻ־ͿԽ飡СͷˣԪĸֻ֣ϲܳѹƶԷ
һ̣ȻĶǰȥ
ʯ˿ˣҲҡҡͷһԪȷǿǶϺһ廹ǲǲ֪ΪʲôԷҪʯ壬ȻܿҪˣȻҲȥȣʵǰﲻæǺٶǾͱȲϡ
ӻͶ֧Ȼ֮ǰµĻȻ޷˺ղźʯֿսҲǿսʯԲڵ͵壬ֻΪǺһ壬ԲŻᱻѹġ
ֱѾ൱ˣϷˣҪ֣Ҫʯһ԰ȡĿȨ
ӭǸСͷ죬ЦһȻһμڵľӡǻ꿨ͬʱһȭӳ
˲䣬Ȼ󣬻ӳȭͷڰ·Ѿɾ֮ȭȻһͷŵ£ݺݵڶԷԴϡ
أ
һ죬һͷﵽԪԴֱӱұΣ˲ʬ屻˦ȥԶȻԶļϡ


ʮ ɽ
Ѫ˳ŴֳļȾ˵棬ԪĺСͷ챻һɱԴѾİݣҪǿȭܰ쵽
ʣµĺסˣʯҲһĿɿڴԶ߰׵ľ˻ųȭơ
ǡǸ׷ɱߵľˣɱ˶ķˣãܣʣĺӦ˹һ룬ͬµĹһ
ֻôܷЩ뿪Ҫռ³ǣֽ׶òҪݾߣǷһֻ鷳նݳ
Ϊ˵̸оױȵֻһԿһӴǣĴҲֱܸ߰սԪ̫ӴʹԪģһαҪ֧Ԫ
˶õЧȴǷǳɹۣҪߵĺһоֻ̤޴ƣұżɨ˿̾˻ƾ޴ޱȣһ֮£̱ɨϣȻھ޴ɢˣͬɢһ㣬ոշľֻһļƬֱӴȥмѣǱЩ̴̴壬ɥʧ˼е
һĺߣȴǸշʮףͱ߹һȥǱߵĺʯҲӦ˹ǵָӹٴ˿̴ͷһϰʯ˳˳ЭΧɱصĺ
еصķ˲缦صĺҲզأֻƬ̣ͱɵһ룬ֻʣֻӲдѾǲˡ
ʯͺ𣬴˿Ȼֳּ֣⵶㽫ʣµļҲɵʱֹǡ
еĺʯ嶼¶˼ȳݵɫ׷׹Ȼǽǵ
ھϵ֪Уߴﵽ׵ĹžˣǾһ񣬸˵ǽ˺ֳݺܿͱΪϵ
Щʯִˣͷ˵ĺ˩סȻ˺ʯıݣΪҪЩһЩڵ³ǵ鱨
ںʯУǵܵģָ̬СҲ˿̵ĻȻӭ˺ʯıݡ
Ɽ˺ʯͷ죬һﵽԪľˣʮףǺʯ˵ΪߴˣʯƽߣҲﵽףеҪһЩҵĹЩ˹óսȴԴסЩ͹ս
ȻʯںͺһЩһֱЩ˹Ĺû
ʯݴʮ־޴˿̺ʯ峤ͷ;ųݣ˳ԸΪǺʯģϾЩǿ˵ڵܵ˺ܴżѹȣȥǺʯҪһ
Ȼ˳ˮ۽Щʯ˵ĳЦǿľ岻Ҫǲɵϡ֮⣬Щʯ˷ҳԼԸΪԼսԼΪʯ¡졯ʯ𣬳ưԵ硣
ŵԣҲҪﵽĿġ
ϲЩ˽ΰ񡯣ҪֻҪƺԼΪ졯Ϳˡ
˿̣һʮңΪǿ׳ĺʯ˾ų˹ϥ򵹣ߣųǰϥǶﲻʯųȴǶΪΪ֪˿ֻ̬ǻɾˣǿǿԴﵽ׵Ĺžˡ
죬ЩѾص˵ΣķԸǵĳü̵סǵ֫ͷ­ЩֻĺӣԸɵĵزʯ˾ų˿̺ٺЦȻ֮ǰȫʮֻսʯΪҫһս
ܺãҹȥЩҪȥЩ棡˵꣬ų͹Ĵ˵Ρ
ͷڼ޴ʯϣǵ˫ն˿ޱȣֻǼˣҲûʧȥҫۺʯôĥǣЩֻǷŭĺС
֮󣬳׷˱仯
Ǽͷ֮һ¶˼ȾֵĿ⣬ȻӸ˷ǳӡ֪ȥͨͨˣֻǸֲ˵ĻǸֲˣԽǺĻ׷Ķӣƽһĺմˣһ㱻˸ɵȻǿ󣬳׵ЩһĴʣڵǾʹ޵еͬһҲȳֻǿĴڣŻõǵ𾴺;η
Ȼȫ
ǿĹžˣĲֹͣǵĥǶϵļ̤ǿնǵͷǾҪԸһǿߵһͷ˿̺
棬ͷҽΰǻ䣡ʯ˾ų˿Ȼں˺⡣
ʱ֣ʯ˾ų̹ĺˣ֮⣬ĺʯҲ˳ȥֻʣͼ²
һЩҪǣʵشˣһǵҪ󣡡ֱ⡣
ʮӺ뿪ĵΣΪõҪ鱨ڵһǺͻƽ³Ϊ׽ͬˣ֪ܶڻƽһ͵³ǵ顣
ʵһҪǣܽƽ³ǵǸմ³ǡ
һʼԸش⣬ʹһЩֶΣһʵСĺʯ˸ɵʱҪܵĺֻ˵һϢƽһĺպԨɯŮϵܣҲǵһΪǿĴڣ˵մ˺ܳ谮ɯŮԷκ£̴һĻƽʿǰ
ȻϢǳãϢ˲䣬Ѿ˽ļƻ
Ѿ֪ڻƽ³˻ƽһ庣գǧǿĻƽʿЩƽʿǻƽһϵͽÿһǴﵽԪļϵǿսʿһսԲСܶʱ򣬺նͨƽʿͳε硣
Ҫռ³ǣԷزһ⣬˵ƽ³ǼΪ̣һԹƵıݣɾ˽ˣδؿƻ³ǵķ
Ͼƽ³ܳΪȨģԲôױƣȻҲͳεʱˡ
һеɽԷǿսպһֻƽʿȻѸײڶ֮ƹռ³ǣϾȱ˸߶սĵ³ǣҪӦҪ׺ܶࡣ
ռ˵³֮Ҫʰվˣļƻ
ʯѾȡ˾ԵĿȨʯʱսĹ֮뿪˺ʯ壬ǰڰԨԨħĳѨ


ʮ ٳ
ΪԨħ˹Ļħ䣬׵ȡʮֻԨħͬ
ûֻʮֻԨħ
ò˵ͺʯԨħʵٵĿֻЩԨħսȴҪʯˣȻԪȼࡣͬԨħȻ˲ƶΪȻ˲䵽֮κһ򣬶ٹ죬˷ʤЩԨħÿһǻϵʦһ濨ᡯֻҪ㹻ԪͿڿһʮſƬɵĿƬƬʮǿĻūͣʮֻ淨ԿټʵսҲ˵Ķ߰˸ʯ˶δصеùһԨħ
ڵԨħһҲǼΪ䣬ΪǿĻ濨ᣬһЩͼΪǷҵЩԨħչʾ˹Ļħ䣬ǲűʾЧҡ
ЩԨħʵ˲٣ЩԨħԼļƻҲԽˡ

磬ԨɯŮѨΧ˿̼˴ĵ͵Ȼͼ鿴ȥƺƴ
ԨɯŮǵԪǿߣҲǵŮˣһռһûκǣΪԪʵΪкƽһ塣
ڵԪȻǿ󣬵ﵽ̶ȵĸҲ٣⿿޷ˣǺһ壬Ҳвǵĺʯ壬ǻƽһ岻ͬ
û˭ƽһ壬ǺһҲңҲֻѡϣԨɯŮĹȻûʣû˭Ⱦָ
ЩˣȻ˸ַɯŮĹ
ɯŮڣһɯЩŵĿЩԪµвԪһȻԪļɯ˺սҲֲôڵĽҲʮЩһΧһ鷳¡
ңɯţûָʹЩͼԲȾָɯ
ܿϢɯŮߴһɫۼףڹڣԪʵȻǲǰЩ
ЩͼﾹȻȾָҵĹɱҸҽȫɱ⣡ɯŮ˵꣬ȴ˫һѤĹߣ䵽ȫ˲ûʯ
ɯŮʯ֮ۡ
ʮɯҲֳֳ׼ɱʱ򣬼Ȼڹǰ棬ŻֵǼǿԨħ
УһԨħǴﵽԪԨħĳ̸֣ɯŮ˼ȵв
˵ʵۼսԨħ֮ͬڵǿߣֻк֮ᲢۣԨħɯŮɫһ䣬ȡһŽɫƬ
⿨Ƭһʧգ֮䣬ͳ֮ƽ³ǡ
մ˿ջ𣬾ڲ֮ǰƽһıϢ޷Ԯԭ磬һѾʼ˴ĻƽһҪ˱۾˿ܵĽԲֳܷǰȻú൱ջȻһٱڵҲ˹ž˵ټ˵Ǹž˵ǿ󣬵Ǳû֧Ԯľ档
ϾΪһﵽԪ߼Ļƽһ壬һ׼Ĺž˶㲻Ҳ֮Ϊƽһˡ
ǱľҲû˵ʲôҲ˵˱۾ˣĿֲڣԼԷҲǱɣҪ֪ǿԪ˼Ĵڡ
֮ǰֵǸž伣˵Ѿ뿪ǳ˯ˣϣʱڲҪʲô¶ˣʱ
ʱһͻȻǰüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻóѶģٵҲֻһֿƬ
ĪǸɧŮˣҲûҪôѶץһ⣬ڽӴ˲䣬õɯŮȡ
ղȻŭ
ЩԨħȻҽɯֱ췴ˣȻһƽʿӳöԷ̼һǧƽʿһǰɯԴǸصĹžϴδһΣʱһֱڵ³˵ѾǱһӻ˸ŮˣȻ˼Ļױ˳ѾˣҪײԨħһ壬׷ɱԨײҲҪԨħһɱ⡣
һǧƽʿܿװȻɱڵĺһ˵³ǡ
Ȼѹû뵽һɽļıҲڵйˣû˭ҺͻƽһԿû˭ƽ³ǣҪ֪һǧƽʿڻƽ³ﻹǧʿפأһ࿨˵һʧ
ϣںڴһǧƽʿ뿪³֮ǧʯ˾žͽƽ³ǰΧ֮⣬ӣѨˣҲʯжħЩǵĵͼǴ˿̣ǿȥƺ㣬ټǧףӴĺʯˣɢһǿޱȵơ
ʣľӡ
˿̣ٳ£ӣ͵ĹһЩƣܵԶԶأ꼰㣬ڻƽ³ǵĳǽϣƽʿҲɫЩףû뵽ںմ뿪֮Щ˾ͽƽ³ǰΧЩߴĺʯ˾һǿ壬ЩЩƽʿҲ˼ȵΣС
£ƾԭʿռһЩɵģȻʵǿʤκʱ򣬵ﵽһ޴ս
˿̣ʿվǰ棬ȻһһѨ˲ϳŻƽ³ǽ
ëоԼܸߴȻֻһֻԪѨˣһָӹѡ͵˽ëܵӡ
ڵѨ˵ϰٸÿһкܶೲѨһѨѨ˶Ŀܴﵽ
Ļ£ëܱѡȻˣҲôΪԸĽֻ񣬴˿ףֳ䵶õ׵໰³ǵĻƽһͻƽʿЩᶼ֣ȴǿ̤ëþǱЩƽʿһ˶ֵˡ
ֻëôƽʿûгӭսǽŽգٲȻһصļơ
ŹĻƽ³ǣȻëֹͣ˽ԭΪЩ߰ĻƽʿΪһͼѨ˽߳ŭȻһսʱԼͿһ߹Ƶ³ǣȻԼ̫뵱ȻˣЩƽʿջ𲻼٣ûһȻûбŭǡ


ʮ ռ³ǣһ
ȻˣǾֻǿˣҲ˾ϣǾǿҪںշӦ֮ǰһٹռ³ǡʱǺջҲ¶Էɾ֮ӦøоµǺգԼ
Ϊ³ѹĿԴ͵ĴʲôʧĻɽһжþֱӴ
ڽۿһΪΰĻƽ³֮ΪԼľȷմǧƽʿزסҪƻ³ǵռطǲܵ顣
˿̴߶ӵ¡ʦŪצΧԸٶȺͷ޴սΧһ͵Χһڵ޷뿪Ҳž˶ԷȥŵĿܡ
ʯľų˿̴żףֳһѴŵеսȻͶʯ׼
´ʮľ޴ĺʯʮͶʯͶʮͶʯǾ˹ƵģͶ򹫽صʯ飬ͼٶȣЩʯĳ󣬳ͶʯоЩԸһģȻʮ㡣
ܿ죬Ͷʯʼҡ޴ҡۣʯͶȥȻƽ³ǣֻǾƽ³ǻʮ׾룬ͱһεԪУʯҹĵطһƣͬ汻ͶһʯĴɢ
󣡡һĻûйľȣƽһľݵûз󷴵ЩˣղͶʯҳĲÿԸ󿨴ʦṩ㹻鱨
йȥԷıԵ룬ѾĿʮ⣬Щվڵ³ǸߴǽϵĻƽʿ
ЩƽʿΪɵ;ֵӽһƽʿʧҪʲô
ʲôûãҪ֪ķļ󣬾ԪĸҲǿڣЩͼļһﾹȻҳúմƽ³ǣѾǷм̵ĳǽǿķЩ˵Ľȵʿһ̷ȻЩһһ򾡣һƽʿӳŭ˵
ȻЩƽʿȷ԰ıǮΪ϶Щں֮³ǵķ󶼲ܹƣ˵ˡ
Ǿû뵽ǣȻһ󿨴ʦ
ڷػƽ³ǵĿļ֮̿ʼоʦֶΣȻԿе󿨣Щ󿨣˿󣬶ó󿨵ֶΪֻʶܶĿҲ󿨴ʦԶԿоһҵְ취Ƴļ
һ俨󽫶ԷλöΧһԽԷĿЧһǸΪֱӱǾǿӲֶΣǿгԷص󿨣ûˣȻɢ
ϲڶֱַӣչֳԼʵ
ֻҪ󿨣ҲнģôһҪʮ󿨣ʵֻܳкٵļſƬˣܻܿܵķɣܻˡʵϣֿԳ󿨽㡯ڲÿж֣ԽС˵˼Խߡ
Ȼֱ׼ڲͬģĿЧʮſƬĿһʦپŸ㣬ܻ࣬ᳬʮʮʦˮƽ̫ˣʮſʮ㣬Ƴļʾͻ̫󡣶ˮƽһЩģֻ²㣬ģֻЩʦʮſƬֻһ㡣
ȻŻƽ³Χʦһʦ
ֻһ㣬Ҫʮһҵôһ㣬һ鼼յ顣Ҳһ󿨴ʦȻʵҪǿⲢ˵޷Ƴ
Ҫ֪Ҳôһֻͬһ㣬ֻǣֻܲ󣬺ֻǵȼϵĲ࣬ţֻҪԼһЩʱ䣬Լļʦѡ
£һļ赲ռƽ³ǵĹؼЩƽʿҲΪǿļ޿֣ҪԷΪһʧϣӲƳ
ֻܴƽʿʿ
ֹսʿǳҪ⣬ҲҪԼһӪʿԼǿ󣬴˳ʱóǾ練ˡ
ϸӦ޴λãȻһһŲ飬һ鼼飬ȻǳϤܿһЩɵĵط
ǵĺʯ˿̿Ͷľʯ޷ƻ˵ķҲЩֻǲϵĽҸǣ˵ĿܿͻᱻƳ
ֻļ󣬾Ԫ߼Ĵڶ䲻ҪȻֱӱɾӲҿǣô򵥵ǺˣļķΪˣңɾ˵ĴҲСûбҪҲôм򵥵ķȻҪֱӵķƵ⿨
ڣҵһ˿΢ĲǾʮΨһ㣬ҲֻһſƬܱ
ֻ󿨵˻һգǾʮʱתλãҵ㿨һ㣬̾ͻʧȥټò˵һţ
ӻԪʽƵܶԪʽͬƿͬ⿨תɣƬ֮󿨵תɣ֮˵ͬʱҲǰԼҲһΡ
Ȼֿʱ仯㿨λõַǰûҲûгԹһΣѧϰְ취ԼԺõĿǿ
˿㿨λãȻȻ𣬵ʮ׵ĸ߿գȻץȥ
ͣ
ָͬһյĶȻָ֮һгһɢŽĿƬ
ַͬӻȡһ㣬һҪ׼ݣвؾͻʧܣһʧܣʧȥ㿨λҪͷܻܵɣˡ
һԳɹȡһŹؼԵ֮ƽ³ǵΧɢһɲͬһ͸Ĳһ㣬˾ҵȻԿʮſƬ
Щǲʹõ󿨣һʮţץһţʣµʮһΪƳֳȻƮķ
һĻ˫ˣҿޱȣǵһʯ˺ڶ˿ǻȸԾȲʣصһƽʿһĿɿڴ¶˲ŵĿ⡣


ʮ ռ³ǣ
һƽʿӳɫ԰׵ܣļɯ˲õģôܻᱻֱƳԲܡ
Ȼô˵ʵǰͶʯ˦ľʯֱ˵³ϣʱһƬһЩ޷Ļƽʿ̱򹫽صľҵѪģȻǴﵽԪļôҲ
ƽ³ǵǽҲֹ³𣬶Ͷʯ׼ĵطǶԷĳǽֻҪǽһƣĴͿԳֱ롣
һ»ƽʿɵˣǴ˿̲ż飬׼ֻǺͺʯ岻ͬû뵽˭ҹ򣬸û˭뵽ͻƷԻƽ³û֮ӦսµĽǣһһ
ҪŤתս֣ƽʿͱ
ӵ³ٻƽʿǳһֽޣʼʯ˺ڶʿֻʱ޷ۼͣԶǲ۲෴Χֻܱʳ
ȻҲţֳָħƻԪ޽ֱӿĻƽʿȻͷǰȥ
ƽʿĵսȻǳǿǺʯ˶ƥУǰƽʿҲֻһЦѡ
ǴﵽԪ弶۷ĻƽʿĹҲסһһֱ̣ӳ˵³ǵĳţһƣһսѾ˽ʣµľֻǹսѡ
ֱеĳ˻ƽ³ǣԭ̤ʥ֮أÿʱÿ̶лƽʿɱҪΪ˱³ڵĴһ·ͻЩֳּܵĻƽʿڼӳƻԪ޽ֱӱ顣
ȵһ·ɱѾǳ嵽˵³ǵģһڣҵһ޴Ĵżмһ͹Ĵ
ǿ⴫ǼΪӣǰԽкá
ԭڽʱͷĿռ䱻ˣֻضĴܴ뿪ԼúôҲֻٵڲͣ޷͵ⲿǡ
ǰǿͨ磬ʮ沼õ󷨲ôͬһ֪Ĵֱʡ
ֻ²оʱȡ˼󿨣һ󣬽󱣻棬һûоκ˲ʹˣǸջԪ߼ֶǿƳԼĿ󣬳֮⣬ԪƽʿƳ
Щٻ˻ƽߺƻǿūЭʯǽˣԼ̳ƽ³ǣ³ʣǧƽʿûл³ǣֻ翹ֻھľǰվᱻȥͣźʯܺõĴ¡
Ҫǹս
Ϊռ˻ƽ³ֻǵһҪľסɹȻٷˣᷴ˵ֻ
һǱüıɽĺպһǧƽʿԷȻᷴˣϾ³Ƕ˿ɲС£һɱǺһ塣
˵Ϊʯ˲ս飬Ǻͺյͬ˹ϵҲֲܣ϶ҲæҪľǵסǿ
˵ʵ鷳ĵطһҪ͹Լò׹ռĵ³Ǻܻܿᱻ±˶ȥԸ⿴ģʵµľʵûһֵܵպͺһ壬Ǻһ壬ٺһ˵ľӵʮҲܵеùٺ
ⲻ⣬ʵ⡣ƽʿԲģΪԷǵʵҲһ㣬Ǻͬ͵λٺԺɨһС
Լ
˭Ǿ˻ԼҲܵкĽԷֳһǣԼʣµȥ³ǣôһжꡣ
ڽ֮ǰѾ뵽һ㣬ҲӦԵķӡ
ڣҷߵǼӦҲصѨ˰ɣǺ֪ǵǸŪĹž˹ƽ³ǣа˳ɿܲԮΪµңǺȥԮ˵ˣǺտ϶ֱȥҺȻȷʱһͱˣһսҵʤ㻹ǺܴģмƻŲæֻǰͰĽһС
ͬʱںѨڡ
ͷ˫նϵĺΪǱѨڣŵĺ⼸󾪣̻㱨Ѩڵĺߡ
ܿ죬߼⼸նĺûʻһ
ǵģ߷ŭˣǸֲĹž֮⣬û˭Ǻһ壬һţ˿̾ȻǽӶı̤ǹž˵ˣϾԼԼǲԷ˾Բܾôˡ
˵˭ǴӵģĺأǲȥѵʯΪʲôŪӣҲˣһʳ˼⡣
Ǽӻĺǽʯ²ǼûɱǣѡʱЩ˻ȻҲǰ׷ţҪ⼸Ŀڣߴһ仰
ǸžˣߣǸžˣˣ˺ʯ壬ɱĺǴӣһʮ־ɥ˵̿սսϾԱĻߣЩŵġ
ʲôһʼŭ壬ôȥĺž֣ɫ䣬ԭҲȻ޴棬ֻľֺͻš
ݺˣûо¹˭ǶǸžˣ£ֿ־һһҹ׷ɱУѾٹ̣ڹž̽Լ֮Ѿ˺ߵѪҺС
Ȼǹžˣ̾˱˼֪Ҳ֪ܶˣûӣǹž̫ˣƽһĺգһζһ㷭ֹ߲һεʱǸžûͻȻʧǼհٷ֮ٻܡ
ⲻȥܻǸž˵ķŭֻҪԷԼ鷳ͺá
˵ǺߣѨڵҲͬ˼
еľ֣߶żӻĺʺܺ棬ǼΪʲôܻŻ
⣬ȷǺܿɣǹž˵ʵҪɵ⼸ӦòʲôŶԡ
ǼȻ֪߻ôʣһʼ˵Ǹ̵ǸžҪǸһ仰ŷǻ
ҴʲôȻ̬ϣȴһѡ
ǹž˵һ壬ϴֻ⣬ϲƽһ壬ԸմˣǲҪգǺԺݣһ䲻˵ĺľֻϸĥһ£Ƿˡ


ʮ ĺ
˵һ壬˵ϴ⣬鷳Ҳ˵ԼõˣڶԷͺյĳԹԼ£ƽһž˶вԼܣºͺһûϵԺһ岻ͣԲᡣ
뵽߷ˣ޴һת̺ȥѨڷգħʩչӡҪϢһ꣬һ֮ڣκκ׼̤Ѩ벽ȻҲˣסκˣҶ
ߵĻĺ̺ɳȥѨǴ£ҪѨҪʮͷﵽԪĺʩչħһգ޷룬˵նǾǶãȻһκǴⲻκϾ˺ͺ֮ĶԹˡ
ֻͼѨ˴˿̶ѨΧ͵͵ѨȫѨȻȻʼʩչշһѨ̵콫鱨죬ҪѨˡ
һֻԷеӥŮչٷУԾԨɹ˵ɽɭֱ֣ȥ
֮ɵ㱨
ȻԤϵУֻû뵽Ǻ߾ȻôݣѨˣһǳԼһãյ⡣Ǻ߶Լľ´ﵽһ̶ȣԷԲô
ʵϣʱʶ״̬սǿģԼʶǻﲻ̶ֳȣҲ˵ͺ߶ϣδѹŶԷ
˾ǰǿȻӲһסºһѨðԼæһվǹ¼ҹʧȥǿԮϾٺԱҲԲͬʱصסոռĵ³ǡ
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㹻̶ֳȵˣƽʿǧʮһһȻ
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ҡҡͷɯŮֻͨԪƿɯõļ󣬲ǧƽʿػ֮ռ³ǣôɯŮȥҲûá
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˭һǳ׵ŭңҺշģȻһɱ⣡շŭ֣ڴ˿̣һ˵ǰ档
Ȼ֪֪³Ǳռ֮Իһʱ䷵Ծ͵
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˼£ҲˣһҧٻһֻǿūͣﵽԪ۷սʹ
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ĪǶԷʲô֣ûɵúðһɲ顣
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󣬺ƿڴʩչֶҪƳѨΧķӡ֣޷ͻƣǺһػߣҪʮﵽԪĺͬʱʩչܲãӡ˲ܹҲַֻܳӡ֮ǰ趨ʱſԣͬһ˫нֹ˵ͬʱҲֹԼ
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쵰ȻҪսǾսʹ죡մһȡһѳһɫףԶȥͬһɫսһҫۣԪ߼ʵȫǴȫԸƴˡ
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Ҫ֣ǲԼ˵ԼĶ֣෴ΪɯǿҪԼ˻֮Ҫǿ
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λõ֣˵Ůǳһöǳ£Խôһ֣Ȼϲ̫ã֪Ůʲôطȴһ취
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սԪһ޴ֻ֣һµʱ䣬ǿľһϣǼɨԪ磬ռ
κ赲Щ˽Ųᱻ̵
ɭħˣ
ߵ˵۹
ʥأ
ܵ۹
Ŀ۹ͼߵ۹˵۹ҲǱУЩԭǿĵ۹ѣֻռвأȻ赲˴һ㳬ٸߴﵽʮϵľ˽ͿԺɨһˡ
ǵԪҲ˲٣ڽʥʹʦʵΧһߴﵽϻɢֲϢĶ۾˺ͳ˰ˣЩûнʦƺڵȴʲôʦҲΪǸ۾˵ʵﵽԪ߼۷壬ʦƽ̨ȻҲиǿߴﵽԪ߼ǾԲ۾˵Ķ֣󲿷ָ߼ʦҲԪԪ弶
ǿʦ˱ƵĲҳţ͸˵ˡ
ԪȻҲˣ˵ĲԺȷڵԪ࣬ǸϲūֻۣҪˣūͿԻȥ߱һɸɱΪ˻ֻѡΪūǿħơ
ȻҲЩ˲ԸΪūǺЩԪ类ҴֻɢѰұӻ
һսУҲһЩǿЩطɶ˵ıһЩԺ;˿ǱΪʥء
һʥس˺ܶѵѡѾﵱǵ
طǡ»Ȼ»ûʽѾʼôƺˣζ»ؽ˻ȥһΣǽֵپȫ
սǵԪһЩ͵۹ҲΪʲô»֮Ϊʥصԭ
̶һµʱ䣬»ͽġ񡯡
Щһ࣬ʣµĶ壬»ǺʨǸһ񣬵ΪӿԽԽ࣬ΣǺʨǣۼأΧһЩӿЩʱ䳤ˣΧȻγһµľۼأƬۼһΪ׳ۡ
˿ǵĻڣ»ĸ߲ҲΪͷۡ
ÿ춼дӿ룬ȻѾṩȫϺʳ˿޷ֹĽ룬֪ǽʲôʥ»ǰɴûﾹȻΪʥء˿Ϊε˵ܹܺڣҲʮַΪǺʨǵʳﴢ㹻Χз֮ƬԼȥˡ
ӿӿĺôǶ˺ܶ۵ͶǴͶĸ༼˲ţǼĳʵǵļ飬УһЩļ˲ţʮǰһӡˣЩһһţ⼸Ѿһ𣬽ۼصԶϵͳŻͨԪɨʵԶĴ۰ҹκδֵĵˣˣһʱ䱻־ͬʱйѾһٸԪ״ÿһԪּܴΧִ̣ϼŴھڣһӵöܣͬʱкܶ߿ƬʵԶˣΪ˴Ͷǲڶʱڲôܷλ;µ˿˵ȻĿǰ»ڵļۼصķʮš
˹ڷڵڲӾͻԶ̴ʹūôЧķӷЩʮһµĵλֻҪʮЭͬԲһһɻ˵ˡ
ΪǿķǡʨЩ»ͼڵľۼزһ˻гΪȫ
ҪԶԱЩӴľӣǰʱЩսʿǼǵľӣΪһ֧ǿսһ֮ѣеʱҲԱ֪⼸ӵǿҲôģӴʵԼǾ˳ԽսתΪ׳
һ˵꣬˶ǵͷͬ⣬ʱû˻ܾ׳ҵĻᡣ
λȻʱǰȫģǽ˴ǵľҲ˼˵ǣ֮ǰľ˲ǿģЩֻͨľ壬Щ߳ʮϵľˣЩв߳׵ľˣľﻹ֮ܳΪʥ𣿡ʱúϼһǵĵģһԵϧϣҲǵͷͬ⡣
Ǹ˱۾ˣȻڲ֪ȥʲôط˵Ԫ˼ĴڣԪ˼Ϊǿĵ˺Է첩ʿоԪ˵ĿǰȽļģ㣬ǽԪ˵ǰ˱۾˵Ķ򼴱ɱּĴڣмλᶯ֣
Ѿֵξ˵ĽȻǶʤˣǴûз֣ÿһľ˶һҪǿһʼʮ׼ﵽԪԪļľˣ֮ǳʮףܶ඼Ԫļľˣ˵ΣѾԪ弶Ԫ˵ļ룬Щ˵ҲʮϣǶ˴ͻں͵ǸŮ˳֣ſֵס˵ĽôĴνֵܵסһδ֪
Щ˳Ĭˣʵȷˣ߶˵ԪֻܶԸԪгĽôǵķͻ᳹ױ߽⣬ʱ»ҲһΪʷҲ
ֻˣҲûзϣΪǻһŵƣǾǵһơ
˵νʱһﵽԪ׾һ·ͳ壬ѾǵĵһʱǶø߼ɱҲǴ޴ΣʱһӰ֣ٻһʹﵽʮϵľ޴ֹ֣˲ͽǸɱ
˾ǵǿսȻӲ˽Ҵ󲿷ʱ䶼׼ʵﲻǲò˵ôһǿĸִڣ»Ϊӻʥصԭ
Ϊʱһ֣ȴò˿ܶ嶼һĻǲ²ǴﵽԪ߼ĸ֡
Ԫ߼ڵԪûּĴڣҲǴһοʼʥ»Ųȥ
ֻӵԪ߼ڵĵط֮ܳΪʥء


ʮ Եֵľ˴
ҲΪʲôЩ񼴱ϼҴڣԶﶼҪѵԭΪ»Ԫ߼ĸ
һ㹻ˡ
ֻϼ֪ǵϼЩµŮ֮ԻǣеʱΣ֮ʳ֣ȫΪ
Ǳƣ֡
һ㣬ϼʮȷš뵽ѾʧٳµȴǣҶǡ
֮Ԥо˵ĴνˣһΣٸͳʮϵľˣʮĻϴЩǱū۵ūȻⲢȫ
УһʹﵽףޱȵľˣͬһƶɽϵƤ⸽һ׺ļʯ㣬ͺ󱳵ĵطʯ࣬ïֲܵЩʯȻǿķ
֮⣬ﻹץһѸͷ
һͨĵиֻͷȴǼ󣬹Ǿ޴ĸгȾʹﵽʮס뵽޴ĸͷһ£κζᱻն顣
޴ԪѹҲǷǳǿᣬǵԪ̽һʱ;˽˹۲죬һ𾪵Ľ
һƤǻʵԪ߼
ʨǣһ߲Ҳǵһʱ֪Ϣ
ʮǹĵһѾʼɽ೬ʮڿһڷһöڵȥﻹʮʿĸ˵һԵĴһܲͶƷǾ񣬻㱨
עս֣ʱ棡üͷ˵һԶƷǷԸ
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ʮӲپɫ԰׵˻þ侲Щ棬һ߱ˡ
ʲôƷɫѿŤͷһ󣬺̾˿Ƿôˣ
ǺйܶԼûеõӦǡֹȻȻû˵˭֪ʲô
еķ˽幫֮ڣôǾͺǴս˵Ƿָӹ٣ʱȨ´ϾҲݲˡ
˵֮Ǿپ£һãֻԷеӥĳ˻һЩʿǶЯ̽Ӱ¼Ե˽飬ǳӥٶȷǳ죬ǻǮģ۷ٶȣзܱȵӥޡ
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ǿһĻĿĳ
Ǹߴﵽ׵ķƤˣȻǳǰ棬Ӵ赲ڵûκ赲ڷϵĵͻǹֻܸͷ
֮⣬˾ȻʹÿƬһ߻ǧԶʱ򣬾ͼһſƬ
һſƬܿǿĹ
ھصĵͻȻðһɽûһɽһȫʯɽ·һ޴׶Ӵӵϳʮںʿ˲䱨Щʿ֪ʲô£Ϊǰûгֹ顣
ٿɽʮ׸ߣ鲼ʯ̣Ȼһǿޱȵķ
ͷַôƷɿһսӰɫ԰ףʣǸ˹ǰͷֲֿķǾûκΰ취ֵ
ܿ죬һӰ͵˵һӰ񣬺ǷƤŵپ˺ʮûһ˲ݡ
ϼһĻǽҧ촽ãϵ³Ƿ棬ɳڶսһЩ覴ҲûϵˣһսϵǶˣôĵڶսҲûá
Ȼ֪ѾǼݻûзϻȥ졣һԵϧϣɫ԰ףȻҲǱǾ˸ŵģȴǵȥ¾פصŮ򡭡
ãȥɣ⣬ҲҪһˣȥˣֵֻܵǸˣҪȻǺʨǾȫˣͶƷһԱо߲սЩͶ񣬸ǣ֮ʣһƣҲˣԼѡ񣡡ϼԸ꣬ͶƷȥš
һʱ䣬ǵյŵʱ̣ʨҲһʻʮһ𼯺ϣΧҲܵΣϮ鱨Ҳ֪ˣҲ֪һξͣǾ˲ӾʹﵽˣҪժپ˵սѾһˣ˵ʮūӣⶼҪģҪ鷳Ǹ˵ﵽԪ߼ľˣԷȻʹÿƬ
Ҫ֪ԪҲһƽģһӵǿҲʧȥһЩǾǶԿƬʹ
һ޷ʹÿƬԪĳʶȻһʹǿƬľȻ˲ź͸оսȷӵƵͬʱͷſƬ˭Ǿ˵Ķ֣
ֻĳЩ֪һЩϢͨȴһ¡һӪаһֵ֮ԪƽԵĸϢȴǷǸԪƽԣȻ߼ͬʹÿƬľˣǲǹž벻֮ǰĴԶģžҪˣԪĶǿΪ¹ž˵Ϊž˵ĴΥԪƽ⣬һ𷢶˶ӹž˵ˣʱž˵˱۾սܣʮǿĹž˱ʣµĶɱµЩϵѾѪͳֻ֪ʹֻϧ֪һʷٰ
ͬʬһ˫۾ȴεɫǻۡ
һһԺһ嵫Ҫǿ׳˵ߣ֪һʷôֻϧǵر˹ƣҲԪѰӻ
˵һսʿһѵɫ֮һЩмΡ
ǱߵĸҡҡͷˣʼգûʲôԪ硭ˣ˵Ҳ࣬ɱСǣٶ˴ƣ»Ȼֵξ˽˵й֮ǲѰӻ𣿿㿴ʵޱȣҼܶߺ͹ûһ˾ܵ
ָԪƽ˵


ʮ һ
˵ǣֻһξ˵ĽҿǺѵֵˡսʿ˵
˵Ӧˣһս̫ǿһνĹžû´Ӧþʮǿ֮һʯ֮ʮž˷ͬСɣÿһӵԪ߼ʵκһݻٺɱԪκһһսȷǺѴֻ˵Ҳ֣һƫƫãӮ۾һ˿ǻ۵Ĺâ
ĪԴǸפǵԪ߼֣һͨԪ߼ʲôóսʿЩš
ӣԶҪС壬еʱһЩܵҲᷢ˵Ȥ֮˵꣬Ǹƽ԰ŪսʿȻ԰ʮ𾴣˵ͷȻ֪ߣǲôҶȥμսֵˡ
ȥɣӣ˻ᴹ㣬ΪǿĺܣƤ̧˵սʿһ񣬺ͬк˼ߣʣµȫ
Ǽߵʿصһߣ¼ӹأ½ЩŴڰڷţ֧ܣʱ׼䣬еսѾӵǧˣÿһӵпԺԪ￹ЯǿըôǣһûоѵˣֻҪܹѵôҲԳΪһϸսʿ
齨ķдͬǧֻ޺ͷʿһΣЯǿͶըڿֻҪȥͿԺըĴӡ
ǧսѾڸǰأǽǵһ͵սľӡ³ǵĴ֯촬УһұȵһսҪ޴սգ£쳣ִڹչֳɱ֮һս˵ԸӵģǺ;ʱĺĸȣһս϶ҪȺĸҪһȦ
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ĳסǰϼҲһȻţһûžʹˡ
һжѾ׼Ƿȫıս׼˵ȫԸ
򣬳Ǹߴﵽ׵ľˣͬһƶʯɽÿһص𶯣߳ʮ׵ľˣЩʮͲʲôˡ
ˣһսʿս˿־塢ս⡢ڴȻӵһĻˣ϶ɫǷսʿȻڼĴսһ˿ӣͬʱҲһ˿ڴΪǼţĵ˭жôǿǶֵܵ
ΪԴǽһԼһûйһΰ̡
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ǵ漣ҲĵԴһΣҲǻȡʤ
սˣսףֳһ֧޴󳤹ϼվڳǽϣĹǴӾ۹򵽵ɱ¾֮˵þ˵ѪҺݹʩǿķھرɱ
ھ˵һνʱϼǾԤԺ;˽սѾ޴һŹ֮⣬Ǳľɱ֮ҲǴ˵۹ģһսΪأ渽ħԿȥͬɫʯɵĴͷ·𲻶ڷѪɫ
ȻΪ˶Ըˣǻ˺ܶרԾ˵Ӷ˼ͷӶЩǵԪǮµӶҲģֻǼӵԪ弶ʵ˿ڶľҲǵˡ
ϼǿǰ׾޴ʯ֮Ҳ֪ЩȥҲֻǱǾ˿ȻǼͷǰ׹Ӷˡ
ʯ֮ͣˣǻĵطͣͲǰȴһ֣˴ûжʮūȴǺų˹ȥ
ǰһƬ򣬵ǧսˣʮ̤̳ս
ͻڣԪսУԱըսյȻս˵ʵͬСɣֻƬ̣ɱˣڲսл裬Ѫͻеɡ
һսɱūսʿҲЩǿսʿж˿飬ֻɣ˿̣˵Աˡ
ڣͺȻը죬޴ĳͻϺڵĵȫɻ
أŵһеԱԽԽĻڱƻʧȥս󣬶Աװãÿһεıըܽ޴ĻʮӺǧս˴󲿷ԱʣûԱģҲֻΪٻԱװã޷Ա
ս˲ȫ𣬵ǵ˵ʮҲԱɡ
ͬս׵ÿս˲ȫ۵ֱҧ³еսˣȻô׾ˣҪҪ
˼ǰڿʼ
һӣＴǾߵĶҲˣ治ϵ𶯣ǽϵĻҳϷ֮⣬קŻβĵһǰʱǻŷɣ̳Ŀ
˵̶̼ʱʮū˲أǾɲΪ
ԶǽϵϼüͷͻȻһ˵ãǾ˵塣
˵ϧϣСȴ൱⣬һ֪뵽ʲô׷ײϧϣæЩūǽǴڵض¶𣿡
һҲӦ˹
Ǵڵأз䵼أЩɾ޴˺λô˿̱¶š
һ̣ϧϣĵĳʵ
ʯһ֣ʮ׵ľ˳˴ں͵أЩ˵ٶȼ죬ʮľҲԿٸϵ;ķʲô谭ֻ֮ǰΪ˿ͷžɽƬͶƷѾں͵ӷֲΧʮλãǾۼһɢɢһһԴݻؼǲܵġ
ǲôһУֻǶٵˡ
ǵĸ߶սҲһжˣϼһͷֱӷɳȥĳɱˡ
ʮңﵽԪԪļľˣϼһɱʮףߴﵽԪ弶ľˣϼĹҲܽˣϼҪԪ弶Ҳп
սףҲѾﵽԪļ۷壬˿̴һսʿ嵽ǰߣȥɱЩˡ
˵ڴսѾǿ򣬵ԶǾ޴ʯȴһϰٸΪǿľսʿҲһƺڵȣǷ滹ʲôֶΣֻڵǸԪ߼ĸ֡
֮Ǿ޴ʯ˲ҡҡͷȻ㲻ôҾȶˣ
˵꣬ľȫǣǷ棬ҲǳĲӦս
ʯˣǴһͬһأһ̤زȳһ޴ѷ칵֣޴ޱȵս


ʮ 
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еԪƲܿӵǶˣڵɫ˲ʱͰȡһž޴ĿƬһɹͬʵʵԪȻðͬһˮͻȻɳһ㣬˲޴Ʋͱ˻粻ܿ죬ЩƲͿʼۿɼٶ̣˼Ӳɫʯ
̣һӵʱ䣬е˴˿ͷһͷʯ㣬Ļ֪˵Ĵ㡣
⡭ǣãҿֻ̾ȻЩˣǾЦһȻӶ޸Ȼصͷ޴ʯϡ
أ
һ촫ϵʯ̿ѱ飬޴ʯͬһ
һĻ˶оЩʯô֮һ򶼻ɷ棬պҪķ
ʱзɳһӰȻ˼һſƬݺݶڵϣͬһضһ̣Ͼðһ֦ҶҶȻգ֮ʮ׸ߣһ޴״塣
ӿµʯһ붼Źֵͬ޴ĢһֲﵲסֻһٲȻɵƻͼˡ
ղͷųƬ˴˿Ծ޴ĢϣԶʯ߼춥벻ִ˵еķȻĴڣ˵пһɱʮ򼶴ķԭġ
ͷŹŹĢȻΨһԺǾ˿Ҳֻʸ
ĳ֣ǷĻϾһֳ˾޴ĢôߣвѾϳǸȥСĺŮӣһλɱԪ˵ĸ֡
ҲΪĴڣűЩԳ˱ʥأһΣ
̫ˣڳˣһأǱߣͼ߲Ͼ亹û£ȴ˿˵
㲻˽⣬ҿ֪Ĺϵ˵϶֣һϵˣı˿˵
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Զʯһ˫۾Ǳߵµľ޴Ģܿͱʼɿ飬һصķĩĢȻԼٶڵʱҲǷǳݣֻΪ˷ڡ
˰ʯ֮ŵƻһСѾͷ㲻ֻҵĶ֣ƻһǸķɭлԣڣһӣ̫ˣսֻ
ȻǳԶܴʮ࣬ķɭУ˵ƻ˵ûֻԼҾԲĶ֣ƻĻһһ
˵꣬ȡһſƬ˳ȥ
ƬɳȥһżȻһ޴Ĺӵо޴֩壬ϰഥ֣ϾȻǳ۾ߴﵽʮϣһ޴
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Ȼʮž֮һôӮˣģƻ֫ܶһĻƷͻǿڣֻƻ񲻵ɵǵвžˣֻģߵʱҽһγǲܶζҪֹˣϧһдۣһ˿ᶨ
ͬʱٹһƬɽͻȻһâһƬյƾճһȺˡ
Щ˱Ǵӵ紫뿪Ϳɪյˣ뿪֮ǰѾ簲׵ѾֽţֻоԼӳֵĴͿͨԸõĻƽһ
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ЦЦûʲôҪԷæģǶǱؼʿǿǹעһǱߵϾؼҰҲС
¶ڿɪպͿ˹˸ʲôڴӦҪϻǣԾҪֱкܶūͣ˿ȡһЩԷеū͸˿ɪյˣǵٶȾҪһЩ
Ҫ룬ɪЩᣬԻرŮɵΣֻǺͬһ뿪ʱһֻͷһֱλá
ڿɪգ֪ԷĽԼֻǷµķծѾˣܱܾͱܣϾﻹ绨ƯŮӵԼء
뵽ɯʱľ棬ʮּҪصǣ˵ľ֮ҵǲķȻһδ֪ǱʶﻹΪɯ˵ģΪ˱۾¼۾¼ģҾҲ˵žһʷԾһ巴ԪǷǳпܵġ
һУҪĶܼ򵥣ǾǱԼһУԼѣԼأˡ
Ǵ߶צйȥģٶѾ˹ȻҲһͻȥҪôҪѲʱ׼ģɻȥȽϺʣΪ³ǳƷĶλλǵڳɵԪڶλλãԵԼǲٹʱֱӷɻȥ
ΪҪ»ǵŴûֹͣΧٹ֮ڵС;ۼѾøֶʹ䳼»İͼ˿λãԼһǷΧϽС;ۼغܽ·Ӧÿ
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ľȵС;ۼԭӦн˿ڣɽΧдľΧǽҲܶ࣬Ϊɽг̴ľΪǵһҪԴ㣬ľĺʺּҾߣҼãΪܴԾۼصĺܶ˶·ľƽкܶ˷ľǴ˿ûУˣۼط·ܵʲôһѾһصķ档


ʮ 
ľȾۼأѷ֮ʱֻһ˼ɽկԪѵķ𽥳ΪҴͶıӻ
ΪƵԭһƬĹ٣ҵһǿľռۼ֮󣬾ľȾڸ
ﳤʤǸľȾۼصľߣһǳټľߣӵľϵԪֲľǿĻߡΪˣһƱֵܣռɽΪΪľȵ졣ʼһʱȷǹĺҲȢޣӺܲΪľȾͳԴһĴڣﳤʤȻǵصصũȴһǻʶᾭ˽ЩԽԽǿʱﳤʤ֪µǳ֮ƣЩĿΧᱻƣ磬޷ٵֵЩֵĹ
ϾΪһۼص죬ﳤʤҪΪۼص˸Ȼĩ֮ﳤʤûжһ˵ĻߣܶһǿѾԣеûУʮܹĽ˵ĵܶһǳҪƷʣǾθС
ﳤʤѾˣ࣬ҲܹﳤʤԾס飬ǵĸ࣬ҪõȥͱҪһǿϣΪʵΪϵ硣
һʱ֮ǵˣʱ͹עˣ֪֮ǾȻʨȻۼҲ˳쵼̾ʶԼҪҵ֯ҵˡ
ŵʱﳤʤһʱѡ˲»ͼȻľв˶ͬ⣬ѡһ·ΪΪһĵˣֻԼϵĵһЩ
žۼˣĶͯϵЦݣﳤʤ֪Լһжֵá»Ͻ֮ǵõ˺ܶණӣǺûãǾľȾۼؾͱʮ̤ƽˡ
˿ﳤʤһһĻоľȾۼصһЩҴߣǲҳȥΪڸһЩµūͣ඼Ǹɱۡ
ôˣһʮҵĺץһèյڣֵﳤʤʵ
Щﻹڣʵ˵ֻʮһδزӮǾЩҲڸʱһ¶Ǿȫˣۼ޶ǶǶĲ𣬼ţ϶ǣﳤʤʮּᶨֻҲûû䡣
ָǵˣҲԹ˲Ͼ㲻֪ҿ֪ǰ˵ѾǷνԼ˲ԼĶܹǣ֮ǰǴʳѾˣ滹кüٺˣһûԵģǿҪµģǸһ˿
ٵȵȿʵڲֻܶһѣ⼸ȷûп˵Ӱ뿪˰ɣٵһ죡ﳤʤ˵
ʱͻȻһͬ飬ǿֱߵĹһ־Ϳﳤʤˣ˴һҪѾ
˻˻
̴У̶ݺԶΧֹȫ
ݣˣﳤʤ˵һ֪鷳ˣҲˣֱɱ˫һԱߵһһ˶ߵ׮̿ʼһ׮ˣ͹Ｄսһ
ǸֳĺҲǴһɱһЩսʿҲǳΪǶǸ
ɱɱЩӣ˵ǵľۼأɱҵˣҪɱǣﳤʤ˿Ҳǻȥˣ˼ŭйһľֽսһҿͬһ㡣
Щһӿʮֻ汻ﳤʤ˸ֵʱͻȻ𶯣߳ʮ׵ľ˴ɽʯ˳
ˣﳤʤ˶һ֪ˣֻǼƴһƴпܻȥԾˣǸûκεֿ֮˶Ҫ
ȻвģǼҪܵˡ
˲±ӣӻɣ꺺ϽѪȻ˾ˡ
ﳤʤеиʤû˲صЩֻԼ£뵽Щӣﳤʤ͸оڵѪпܣԸԼЩǻȥﳤʤûãЩĺӡ
ʱһͻȻأûΪĺϣһѽһԴ͸ɱ˵Ľ
⼸ԴʧɫƺʲôµĴһȻߣʱ򼴱ﳤʤҲоһǿѹֻѹԼˣҲﳤʤһָƥеĸоЩԳһѹԲűֵ˾ʧ롣
⻹ﳤʤͷһοҪܣЩŵɢӡ
ûߣȫһնɱﳤʤ꺺ӶĿɿڴҲòĶȥǿ󵽽޵еľˣȻǺ޻֮ıնɱһһһ
գǸϲ·һһջһɢſֲϢĳѷǵУﳤʤóԷһ࣬Ϊǿһࡣ
ܸлĳﳤʤϾһСۼص죬˿ӭȥΪԷӦһ֣Ȼ֪һ֣һԽ˶͵ǵĸֻ֣ҪǣǾͰȫˣǰ˴ùϵԷԸԸæ
ֻﳤʤû˵꣬˾͵ʶ㣬ľȾۼص٣ﵽ׷ʲô£
Ȼ·һľľȾۼأȻͷ˾ΧЩҴߣȻľѾ»ĳԱȻԹۣ֪ɯԷ顣
ﳤʤȻ֪ʲôܺԷôʶԼֻһ̣ϸ˿Էģȴ۾ֿ˿һѾЩľȴǷһ˿ŵļ
㡭㡭ﳤʤϳʵΪͻĸ˳ݣϼ´Ļַ»еľۼصУĿȻʶǵ䡣
ֻ˻һĳ룬Ͼһˣټϻָƽﳤʤ۲죬ȻǷݡ
ʮ·˼ȳݵɫЩ˼ˣ˵ʵϼǸЩЩϰˣΪеǾЩǣһߵﶼϵãⲢʲô£ٶ˵ˣҲͬʱ֪ͳΣһǱҪģΪ»Ҫһ䣬ǵϵ䣬Ҫһ䣬һһΪһֻҪϣͿԳһпѵ塣


ʮ ģ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôʱﳤʤæǴǸ̫ˣô˵Ѿ˾˵Ľ
˵ǱˣʶһõϢﳤʤһıʱҪǻش֪ȷеĴˡ
ȴԮнܲһ俨ȻֱǶȥֻһĿɿڴˣǿֶѾǵ
֪鷳ûκε鼱ٷأﳤʤǣȻԭرȽϰȫ˵˷俨󣬳ԪԪ߼֣Բֺܷ͹ԼĿ
ԽӽǣԽܿսµĺۼд߹ĺۼע⵽·һЩ޴㼣ֻдﵽ׾˲̤㼣һﵽ߶ȵģпǿޱȵĹžˡ
ʱǳԼǣ˵ûڣǾԲֵܵ¹ž˵Ľڣô㲻УӦҲӣٶʱ䲻᳹ݣֻҪԼƳ֮ǰϻȥôһжü
֮ͬǰһһ֮УûҪֻΪ˱סԼأԼˣ˶ѡⲻŭǰһƬ򱻳״ݻٵĴغͱʯɽ͸ʬĻһӾʹ
ǸʯɽһּΪǿķûмʶ෴ʶĶ̫ˣԿóֻ߼ܴﵽЧ
߼ҲУھ̬Ԫ֮߼һ֣֪߼ɱĴغ;սʿǱһɱǱ߲ԷõʩչһУͷǵķϣôһ֡
ҵôɣ˭ҪۣԶֵǺǸ޴ľӰ̼ӿٶȷȥ
޴սЯŹԪÿһ¶ܴʯشͻ𶯺͹ѣ̶̵һСʱǵĳǽѾǧٿףһЩط¶˾޴ȱڡ
ġƻ񡯵ֵǸˣһСʱǰǾͱˣҲ̫ܳãΪǸƻķƷʯ˵Ķ֡
ʵϵĲ࣬һһ㣬Ҳڷˡ
˿ǳǽǰһѾǳ˽˫Ĵɱһڻͻڵ߲Яūͣ˷һߣȥһСʱǵҲʮֲأɹسǽƣʯ֮ƻƷֿľˣǵĸ߶սֿ
ϼļʸѾһͰһͰȻսǰ׼ʮװʸļͲǴ˿ɸоã˿ֻʣһװʸļͲʮ֧ԪļʸԶ˵ƤսҲ൱ҫۣľ޹Ѿɱ˳ʮˡ
Ǳսڵһߣǲң˿ս飬ѪһԶƷֳ˫ҲһɱĽսӣٶ˵Ԫļսʿ䱸Ļ׺ūͣǴ˿̣ĴվģͶƷһҲʮˣ˴ˣǱеװײҲأͨľߣǿķƬϾ˼ͬҲԲǶ֡
ھ˵ķɱ˲ӵҲǼΪأѾʣ²һڻ͵ɱЧʮūҲ˰˳ɣҪ˵ԱȣȻռơ
˭֪ǽЩС˺ūӶɱ⣬ɵʯ֮Ҳǰ״һľˣԵֵǧˡ
սĹؼ㻹ϣ£ɱеĵˣᱻơ
ǲпʵԪǿߵһԸıս֡
أ
ƻƷնһֱۣƻ֮ҲͷųһɫЩȻȻںʯ֮ž˵УԼķƷǶ֡
ǼˣҲûд㳷˻ܣȻʶˣûΪ֮սɣûдܣΪߵʱæػʮθɣЩ˶Ҳһüͷһ仰͵ֵһС
һɣ˵㹻ˡ
½սҲ㹻ˡ
ݷУ˿ԪΪأϾʯּ֮ĸսȫԸ˦ֶ˿Ƭһ޴ޱȵľݷնɱȥ
Ȼʯ֮ϻһѺۣ޷˺Էʯ֮ĹЩӦӲϾ
ʯɱʯ֮һոµĵðٸȳ׵ļʯǸ˲䣬ûʱܣֻӲĻ׺ͷֵǱУֲǣЩʯȻڻе˵˲䱬ϸСʯͬӵһɢɽԪ׸ء
ڣҽһƻԪֱ飬ҲǽһѪɫ˲ɷףҲήȥ
ͬʱʯ֮һſƬƬ˲伤һʹﵽʮ׵Сʯͷˣȭͷ
ãв˹עһ۷弶սûʲôʵսĶ˿̴У鼱֮£һͻڣȻ׼ǸСʯ֮ϣӻԷĹ
ܻᱩ¶ǵĴڣɱ֮Ǵ˿Ҳ˲ˣΪ˭֪һǱơ
ֻϧڵ޷ʱɱǸСŵʯ֮ۿҪ棬е˶Ƿһ˿
ʱһ֣ǸСʯ֮˲䱻飬һصʯͬʱԶƿдһڻ
һڻ廷еƲ㣬һڻҲǱ俪һ޴Ŀӣ¶˲Ʋеľ޴Ӱ
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ֻһСǵ˵ȴһ󲽣Ϊʯͷһαĺˡ
սս֪˭һ䣬˿гֵĺȻսǵڶսĳ֣ͬһǿļ˵Ŀڡ
⻹꣬˿ǸСʯ˵Ľ֮󣬸Ǳ¶˴ûйļϣ
ˣ
꣡
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꣬꣡
ڶ˺۵սʿ˿ʿǣΪǿе񣬿ϣϣԴڿо޴ޱȵսǴǿսԼս룬Сʯ˾
ڻˣѾ۵ߣҪϼ˵
һڻˣͶƷɴڴŴѪۣȴǿĵЦš
ãϧϣ壬ǶЦˣΪ֪ǵþˡ


ʮ ŭ֮
͵ڶսļʱϵԸѾＫ޵ǴһΪǿҵǿļ֪ʲôʱʨǵ˶ѾеǿߣΪû첻顣
ڿսڿûʲôսƽǿľսʿ컶µǴƣȴʤһ㷢һЩԵȻʮֺͿ
ЩŴ˿̾ЩԣЩŴ󲿷ֶѵɵģǰʵԼΪܱѵĵط֮٣ǶЩܺãԸΪ֮սͬЩսҲأ˴ʿ䣬ΪˣԿ˵еġǵ̴ﵽ㣬ǲŻ˵Ĳ⡣
ǸжǿһʵһͬȡһſƬԪˣڵԪѾǿߡ
ɵвˣҪ֪˿Ԫ߼Ĵڣҿͷž˿Ƭʼ˵Ϸһ˿ɻ󣺡һԪɲʲôóôЩΪʲôǿ϶ʤǸеսǲǸղŵĹҲֻʯ֮˺һѣҸ˵һԪһ¶Ȼˣ˵ʯ֮˵ǿҲ˵ûƺԷôЩƾʲôΪӮ
ʼе嶼룬ȻҲһЩʶڰ׹ϵı֣ʱƽһ嶼κβöԷԴ˿Ҳǲôһ˿ϣһź
һʱ䣬ǷʿȻ´ﵽ˶塣
ѾЩѵЩ԰׵ղЩۣΧϼãϧϣͶƷҲ˴ˣðޱߵķŭ
ˣҲ˿Լֵסǻ𣬶ȴǾԼһѹ˺ֻܶ࣬ͬҲΪǶ֣ܲУ
еĵģЦЦȻһٶһƶ⣬Ȼ£ѾǰȫΧкܶ
İɣֻ˵һ仰̷ΪǱϼȻֱӴӷٶȼ콫һ֪߶ΣϾϼֻԪļָǿȵսУ˶ʮͲɱʮˣսѾǳˣ֮ǰƴӲţֽ΢һɣʡ
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⣬ǡþĹ
֮ʯ֮˾ûмǰ֮ſڵܸоһϤϢ˵ɣ㵽˭
֪͸ǳǽ﷢ս֮ƺĺѣԴ˿̷Զȥʯ֮ȴǺҪȻҵĲ£ߣЦˣΪֵܵңҪ£ֻҪһˣǣҾ͸һˣ㲻ܸһĴ𸴣Ҳɱ㣬Ҳɱÿһˡ
˵꣬ʯ֮뿪
ķٶȺܿ죬ʯ֮ٶҲֻƬ̣Զǳʮ๫һƬƽףͣ䵽˵ϣʯ֮
ʯ֮ѾŵϵȻ˵ɣ
Ҿ˵һ仰ˣ˿̵ϲ¶֮ɫʯ˽ཨƻһ֣Ȼֻһ֣Ҳ˸Ѫģ˵ΪһսȻûͳƹ˾Գ
ǿľ񣬶ÿһսʿǵѺͼͥȻ֪Ǻǰһȣǹ¼ҹˣǸʱһ˳ԱȫҲڣҪΪԼظ𣬶κ˶޷ֲľֻһ¡

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ڵԼµľӡǣҲ˺ܶ²⣬ȻԼµľӡǾԷͬ죬ΪĲҲ˾ӡǣǱΪľˣȴֻͨľˣ˵ˣֻԪ弶ɥʬˣĲҪһЩҲǹžˡ
ԼȴǿԱߴﵽ׵Ĺžˣͳ˵⡣
ԼľӡǾͨɫٺĲĲͬʲôһҲ֪Ͼû˭ⷽɻ
鲻ⲻʹһ£ĴԪڵľ˻꿨
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Ƿŭ֮Ϣô᣿ӡǲǱƻôϣˣֲһоԷϤ
ʯ֮һ̣Ӿ޴гһͷʯ֮һߴľˣֱӻȭ˹ȥ
޴ʯ֮˴һ̴һֱϵƤ޴ʯʯ飬һǿķףֵסһȭ
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޴ĳһˣʯ֮վǾ˻ҪȴǼæס֣ŭ֮Īǲʶˣ
ǱӡǿƵ˵֣ͣڵѾƿؾӡǣҽ꿨ļǵǰʯˣȴǸܣһȭҳֽԷ˼
ԣĪӡǣⲻܣŭ֮ӡôܱƣ㵽ʲôĶҪӡǶߣŭ֮ӡôֵͼʯ֮˵˼֮ҲתΪӶ޴սɱľ˼һ
߶ﵽ׵ľսƿ֪Χ׷ΧڣȫΪƽأɽȣɭ֣СϪһж÷档ò˵ʯ֮ȷľ޸ȻǺľ˴൱
ջѣиӿһɷŭ
ҲҪ
˵꣬һץһȼٻ㼯һѾ޴׽С


ʮ ״׽
һѻ泤ȴﵽʮףĲλѾͬʵʣףҲܸоɢĳϢ
ʣһԪصģһ˻Ļ潣ͺʯ֮սײһ
촫̱Ž𻨣ʯ֮սϰŵǿԪҲɢ˲١
ʲôʯ֮˴һ֪Ĺž˿ÿһǵרԼһսԾۼǿԪʯػû˭ܺսײ˵ǵõŭ֮Ҳֻ潣
Īµʯ֮һôһѻ潣ɵвҵʯսҲ»档
˵꣬ʯ֮һϵʯƤӵһЩλγʯɵףǿֺظУͲһ㹥ͻƵġʯ֮ȡһſƬȻصһڵϡ
˲ʱ䣬ðϰٸִĵشֱ̣Ӵ˾˻ֵش̹ǳͻȻһҲǼѶܣȴڿԷƬʱ׼Ǹ߸Ծ𣬶㿪˵ðļش̣ò˵Щش̻УǾ˻ԼҲˡ
غӶ潣ʯ֮ʼ͹Ҳˣʯ֮˵Ĺȷ൱ͣǶԷȴǺжϣֻҪ׼ͿԻ⣬ͬǵشǶԷʯսһ£¶Լɥʧս
ڶԷϵʯףַҲǳԤϣǻ潣ȥҲֻһۼȴǺնƶԷʯףһʱʯе׵̹ˣȻ֡
ִһͶԷƴһصһ޴ľ˸˼ʯ֮ʯսûбƻĻ潣ȴɢһץһŽɢ棬ȻȻһȭ
һݺ׵Ļ𺣴Х˲佫ʯûսղžҪû𺣹ˣ̶ֳȵ棬ԽʯջΪղԷҲöԷˣٿԽһصʯƻ
ӿ죬ǸʮﶼԿǵ˿Զ𺣣֪ʯ˵սֻ˭֪˭ʤ˭
ȻģҲûдȥͣΪԸ˵Ķ֣ǾȥˣҲֻϺȣһæﲻϡ
˺󼸰ףŹ棬ֻǴɢϢ֪һǿ𺣹ûдﵽԤڵЧͨԪ߼һ¶Խɱʯ֮žԲͨԪ߼
ǹžˣԺԪĴڡ
ûãͷԼðһӰӰǰӾ޴һ۾Ϳʯ֮ˣԷ⣬˿̾ȻǴһʯס
ʯף˵ĸоص£𺣣Ҳ޷մһס
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˵꣬ʯ֮һֺصƣһԴɽĸоôɺƥС
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ΪӦñȻ۽ҪЧ׵֮׵֮ˣǿɼĳеʱԸصĶˣҲö
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׵֮˿žž죬Ҳû飬ֱԾһ˹ȥǴ˷ǿͬʱޱȵʯףʯ˵ĶƺҲܣֱȫһ
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׵𶯣ʯ˵ӻ˻ΣеĲλʯѣʯҷɣһ㿴֪׵֮ʯȻҡһ£ȴûе¡
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涼˹ѣһ㣬Űĵ绡ͬһ£䵽˵طǱһӶ䵽ľϣͬܵ׻һ㣬ֱȼ
һΣʯ֮ʯ׸˿ʯ֮˵ı飬Էž޴ͷ档ʵϣ˿ʯ֮ͷһ¶˿־ɫΪ׵֮ĳԤϡ
⼸¹ʯ֮Ҫ㣬㲻ֻӲֻǼʯףÿһδҲܸɼ˺ֻϧЩ֪Ϊʯ֮ںֹء
ˣʯֻ֮ʯս
֪ʯ˾ǿڹһķ͵ͷŶԷĽԿʯսæսںһɽϣֱӽһɽˡ
ҾͲź䲻ڹǣоͬʱҲǾ̾ڶԷһʯ׵ĳǿҪ֪ղǼ¹ҵϣҲ϶ɥʯֻ֮˻Σͼƺֻһ㣬ûһˡ
ʵϣʯ֮п˵ֻӲΪʯ׵Ļûʲôֶٺ⣬ԼҲ֪ӵеķȻ޴󣬵ʵϷҪһʱ䣬ԶԷֶΣǺѹԼÿƬҲ˷ѡ
Լٶȣ׵֮ɱÿһζֻһطô߰ºǸֵʯ׳顣ʯ֮Ҳû뵽ȻѲڶˣһֱȴץԷһëʯ֮ñޱȣû뵽Է˻潣֮⻹׵֮Ȼϵ׼ǻ潣ζû⣬Ǳ׵ֶ֮Щסˣ˵ԷÿһιԲǿĵ彩Ӳ
ֱʱʯ֮˲ŷӦ˷ŭ֮ӡǵ˾Բͨˣ׵ͻÿ϶ԷȻԽõ̬Լӵгǿķ͹Ǵ򲻵Ҳǰ״۶Էӵ׵֮ͻ潣ٶȼ죬ҲôȥԼɡ
뵽ʯ֮ͷǳڸղŵŶԷ뿪ǸǳصľٶڳǳԷԲ˲
ֻϧûкҩϱʯ֮ԳĹжѾʯףˣٶҲ
ʱʯ֮Էһ
ǾʯֻǿܶԷ׵֮Ĺʯףôֵܵ
ͼ׵֮Ȼصʯ֮ؿڣ߲ҽһؿʯ飬Ȼһ±һȱڣ·ʯƤѪ⡣


ʮһ ɱʯ֮
ּĸ֣еʱԪȼװҪģҪսʶ
¶ڼ̵ʱץסһ
սѾʣڹؼʱץסֻᣬȻ׵֮ƿʯ֮ؿڵʯƤһ⣬˵һԽԷһɱĻᡣ
ȻŹǧѷĻᡣ
˲䣬һֻϵ磬ָɴֱ̣Ӳʯ֮ؿڡ
˻εǿ󣬶ӳ׵ָž޴ĳһӾʹѾѪģʧȥʯƤ˽ȥʯ֮ǷһδйĲҽУʯս̺ſҪˣֻȻ͹սʶ
ֻᣬǺеڶΣȻʯ֮ʯսȻǲ㲻ܣӲ˶Էһι
꣡
Ҳ飬һ㣬Ѫ罦ʯ֮˿̵ˣܵҪС̫ˣΪֻƤˣԾǿޱȵĻָѪ֮˺ԺԲƣǶԷܼ飬£սֻǿ⻤סƤͼ⣬ղŵĹȴֱӴʯ֮ǻ˶Էࡣ
˿ֻҪݺ˺ͷųǿ׵磬Ϳɱʯ֮
һ˲䣬ʯ֮ܵвͽ٣ԭսûб֪Ѿûлˡ
ȡȣк֪ܶ飬㶼Ը㣬ҿ㳼ʯ֮ܵв˿Ҳǿʼģǵһ˵Ĳϣˣ󲿷Եöô߹󣬶ôӲʱɻŵӡ
ʯ֮ҲһȻǹžˣӵױȵʵ͵λ߸ϣǵвʱҲẦ£Ҳġ
ϧ´ԼһʼѾ⣬ѾҪɱʯ֮ΪԼΪǶսʿ
˵ֻҪ˵꣬ͷųһǿ׵磬Ȼݺݽʯ֮顣
ʯ֮¶Ǽȵޣҽţֻǽ˼ȻֹӴɽȻء
أ
޴ͬһһ㣬ŵضʯ֮ˣҲ˿ʱŸо˿ڵʹ
̽˾˻̬Ϊ־˻̬ķѴԪҪ˿ڶѣָ˴С֮ȡ˿һЩҩʹã˿ڣٿΧѾһƬǽ壬رǸղŵļսƻǾ˵սѣһǾǻһ㡣
ûзǣΪţûʯ֮˵вǵȫĵˣԼ˻ƽߺƻԪ۷Ǹȵһս޴Ķս˵ȫҪġ
෴Ƕʯ֮ղ˵Ļ˺棬ԷһԼ˵ԼϢʶȻǶԼǶԾ˻꿨ϵϢ
Ͳ²⵱Լֵľӡ⣬ڿȻˣӡʯ֪֮ģ˵Ϥġ֮ʯ֮˵ˡŭ֣֮׾뵽Լڵľӡйء
ĪǣŮ˸µӡǣʯ֮һҲĳž˵ӡǣ¾ֻһˣ룬ʯ֮ʬϲ鿴ղŶԷڿ˵ҪɵԼȻԼӡɣôʯ֮˵ҲоӡǣֶȻҪŪоһ¡
ֻʯ֮˾޴ȴЩлƽѪԪмǿֻ̽ҪԪͷ̽ʬ壬ܻз֡
ôķѺܳʱ䣬ΪֵãٿԼԾһи˽⡣
ڲ֪жԶĵطһƬУһ޴ޱȵӰߣֻƺǸоʲôͻȻͣ˽Ų
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һͳ޴Ӱʯ֮ϹǾһɱû뵽ûþͱɱΪʮž֮һҲһȻǷɣӡǣȴǲ䵽ڴ֮ǰһиҪҪҵֳžһΪǿ̩̹ˣʦūۣҪȥͷ˹ȥʯ֮ӡǴ㣬ɱۡ
Ըΰİ˱۾ˣһǸ޴Ӱ޴ӰϣһӰ
ӰͷҲСٳʮףǳһԾ޴ޱȵĳӰХһԶȥ
ȥɣһĸ˿ɵǸ޴ӰŰֱۣ˿̼ǰڼңԶĵطһȰ˱۾˻Ҫ޴һһ޴ɽߣɽһ޴ͼݡ
սϣָӹٵڣսϳٶŴСһĻڣں͵ͬʱ䣬ūɾ
ߴﵽʮ׵ľҪڵڵֱ֮ӷ飬⼸ˣѾļȵһ˵ºǶ컶
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ЩǷŴ˿ҲǴ۾վʤһ˿ҲסϲһӵС
ʤĸоȷǷǳκƺʳȲϡȻҲһЩǵûбʤͷԣ֪ЩСӱȻȫɱˣǻһʯ֮ˡ
ܿ죬ŷѲ߱նȥʯ˺뿪ķȥȻǵĸ߲ȥ顣
ŵУһսʿ˲ϵѪۣȻ˿ѾľеĳȻ˵ûȻ壬ȻԵֵס̶ֳȵĽǵսֱǲҪ
ȷЩŻûмֲҪսʽΪ˰Χ԰ܶսƴѡ͵ͬھ
ܶ࣬϶ŸǿȵԪըһΧܵˣǻԥը͵ͬھһ㣬ûһõ
˿̣սʿȡʤˣΪǸǳȻҫȻǿ󣬵ÿһսʿ֧ǰĻʯ
Ѳ߱ܿȷһϢȻĵϢ˹
ʯ֮ˣˣˣǵĳɱˣ
ϢƬ֮ʹǣ˿̣˲֪ʤˣͬʱǲһҫ
Ϊ˭֪ʯ֮սǵĳ


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ھ˵ǿ£ಢûзֶΣ˾޴ĺϣȻһսǰδеʧֻҪһϣӣκ඼Կ˷
ôѾƣķѲ߱أͱͶƷѯʣһɱʯ֮ˣ˹ȥָ˵ʬ壬˵ЩĲϣгǲսʿ˵ҪҪ׼κ˴š
ͶƷһ࿴һۣȻϤ·ʽȻԷ´һҪȥ
սʿǣһȥ
ʱǵķͱңЩһʣʣµսʿкܶ඼ӦȻǺƣȻҪǾͻԥǰ
ɱʯ֮ϢҲܿ촫ǣʨǣΪ˷ǣʨҲսΪսʨǣֻܸܵսĽţȴҪһЩ
ǸƽߵУڰƽԵİͻȻ۾ǵķʵǾʨϰٹܿõһӰӣɰߵ˫ͬǳħһ㣬ͬʲô
˲䣬΢΢һ㶣Ȼֱվ
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ΪЩ߿Կܶණúܶණ˳֮Ϊʱ˵ƿߡҲ˵ǰ˭˭ͻǰߣǺܶɨ齻ӭĹͬ˿̣Ȼֻʨǣʵȴֻʱסһʱ䣬Ϊĺܶλ𾴵߷룬ϣ߿Եǵĵطס
ߣĵһͨսԼҺıԼңһõһλߣô϶Ὣ䵱ǿ⣬ʲô¶ߵ
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Զʮﴦ˿̾ɽһʯ֮ʬѾͷһ飬ټСʱһʱ飬ΪֵԼôȥ
Ϊҵˡӡǡ
˵ʵνӡǣʵϲûй̶̬һԪһּǾͣھڵġԪһԪеľ˶Уֻйž˲ӵеԪ
һԪǹžӡһУԲ֮ܳΪӡǡ
ʯ֮ӡȫҪȻŵһˣԪõʲôȻǿƬ
ȡһ֮ǰõĸȻʯ˱ԼץƵؿַ߶ĸ
Ҫƿķʯ֮ľӡǷӡƬС
Ҫһʱ䣬СʱǼ죬ҵвܱ˴ϣʿػֹκ˿
Χ⣬ϰγһΣʯ֮˵廤룬֮ڣ׼κ̤룬Ȼ´ģԼϼҲ̤롣
ϼǾսѾǺأǻȥϢ˽֪ڿ϶Ҫ鴦Ҳ뿪ҪģôǰΪδʽ»䣬ҪӦϣԶϼǣҲǺԥִС
ʯ֮ӡǵУߴżҵʨǵĹίԱᣬݣȻҲĿġ
һԱɫȻڲͬİߣȻʵ˵ҪͶҪ̼
˵ҵĿģߺòó
ôҪʧˣҪͶǣȻӭҪһίԱˣǡԱ˼ԣÿͶкܶ࣬ǵȻһһȥ
ôǵĵһίԱߵõĴߣ֪֪ܶ飬˵֪ŭ֮飬㽫仰ϱ϶ңĶţ
ԱȻҲͨˣˣҲ֪ԪĹɣȻҲ˵ߵãǵԪһʥأ˵סģΪߡ
֪˶Էݲһ㣬ԱҲҵ飬һԷ˵ģôԼ֪鲻Ǵ
ϱߺܿ´ָʾǾרˣλߵǣȻ쵽ǵľǲʨǵĴ
󣬰Ϸһ˿ȣǵ˵ͷһԲͼ˴
ʮӺʯʬΧ⣬λߣ˶ȥϢˣֻΪʵһ㣬ûвμսά
֪ǸھʬҲ׼κ˿Ҳ뵽ʲôǽһȻһּΪŹֵܺг˵һζγԡ
ȥ󣬵ȴǿԴǧףҲĺУˣǵһַǳϵԣպãԾǣԷȻڸԼοٺվӡǵķ
˭൱棬վӡǣֻǸԼƲͶԪڽУϾԼĲ²⣬ɹյӡҲĲ٣ѣҪߺܶ·ˡ
׷ǴʲôطģΪѾ˼Сʱ̾ԲжϣϣǸѣϾԼַȻӡǵٶȼӿ˺ܶ࣬Ҽûġ
ϲ֪ʲôˣʲôĿģ˿ȥʵʵİԼҲûж룬ץʱӡǡ
ͼеĸɢһǿԪأԪ֮ǿûмģΧĴأҲΪǿҵԪصӰ죬ð˲ٹŹֵʯͷ·ʯͷֲһǿһ㡣
״ͷˣֻЩðʯͷûʲô⣬Ҳȥܣĸ㼯һӰ״ʯ֮ͼֻΪӡǻûȫգӰЩģ
һСʱ
ĸյӡԪѾ൱ֲˣץĸ棬Ӵһʯۣʯۣͼ·ӲȸҪӲߵȼʯʯû뵽˿̾Ȼַʽ֡


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Ǳ߼Ըӣⲻ֪һ߰İЩһȳʿǹˡ
˭ֱ֧ͬħһԵȻỳĿĲһʿɱڵľĸװǹֲǹ׻ɱԪĿǰﵥǿһ
ʿ֮ûпǹһΪػڰߵЩæǰǶֹ
оԪĹɣ֪ߵõĵλһƽʥأþĻ˵ǾһȺֻ֪оѧʵѧš
ߣȲʲô⣬ҶҲһԪľߣܸоû˿⣬ƺڰʲôֹʿΪʿļƻֱ䶯ǾԲǶԸ⿴ġ
ƺѹû˵۹⣬ֻ֪ԼΣգʮӺͣȴϢЩήңȻոյֻǴϢô򵥡
ܰҶˣͿԼˣ˵Ϣ
ʱһһĹȥһֱ쵽ڣǱžһΪѾʯ֮еӡԪĸӡ
ĿƬɢһԪأ͡
ӡǿʯ֮߼ӡӡʯ֮ӡǡ
Ƭϣʯ֮Ӱ·˿Իһ㣬棬˿⿨ƬָӦһʬϵԪȷ˶ԷӡѾȫգ˿
ˣһ̶Ǿ˹
˿ˣǸ·ȻǺʯ֮ĴսȫӡӡǣҲЩŲסˣ򵥷Ը˼䣬ǾҪʯ֮õĶȡߡ
ž˵ѪҺһЩ￨ĲϣһЩͨ￨ڼ˹ž֮ѪҲǿޱȡ
ʯ֮ϵľʯ׵ĶϣкܶʯƤ˹˵һž϶ǱǾ˵ҲʳãһЩûоǱʵڳʯ֮˵Ѫ⣬ԲԪıԣԺĳɳҲǳ졣
֪ʯ֮ļֵԲЩԸ
⣬˻ȡ߼ɴڱս״̬ԼҪúϢָԪӭӿܴڵս
ڴ֮ǰһҪǾǼղˡ
һʣ̽ߵǰߴ˿ҲָĲ࣬ȻüĿȻо֡
ߵãͼһѧʥأõûһսԱԪû˻ɵߵãΪǳȻĴڡֻһξ֮Уûκηߵܵ˲ԲŻ顣
֪֮Щ߶ĸˣǰߵ˿϶򵥣ǸղŶԷЩ㹻ˡ
ȻѾƣǾȺλ̸̸ϾԷѾҪͶԼ⵹һ˿ܳĸо
Ұ⣬ڶʿֽʯ֮ʬʱͰµĽ̸
ߣΪʲôҪңֱӣΪ˵ЩˣԺʹ˵ûҪĨǡ
ҿҿʴȣҲϣҲҪҵİߵĻشϸһ뻹е
ղŵºлл㣡뵽ĸղԼӡʯ֮ӡǵʱⰬ߲ǰԼһѣôԷ˵ҲûˣȻλƺһЩҲںˣΪԷûж⡣
һҪһԼûжˣҲûκ⣬λбµˡ
ߵһ仰
ոսʯ֮˵ӡǷӡƬУıҵĽǾյΪܿǱӡǵ˾ͻ֣˵ʵռһƣǾǵ˲֪зŭ֮ӡǣǽճΪԼΪʯֻ֮һ⣬ǲӡǻҪץʱ䣬Ϊһǵע⣬ôһսȽʮٱߵĻԺпϣ֮⣬˺ܶණ
֪ܶණ֪ʯ֮ˣ֪ӡǣ֪ŭ֮
ŶĴߣȻЦˣȻ֪Ҫλһγ̸ˡ
еʱҪŪһô£Ҫߺܶ·㱻߰ŪһͷˮʱȴֻҪһЩ֪˵㲦ͻᲦƼգéٿ
˿ָоʵϴðİ˱۾¼ʼ׹Уһֱ¾ǷľʱǽԻ˼㣬ȻһЩ飬˾֪һЩϸڣǶھˣǹž˵˽ɷǳޡν˯ʱͷ°ɾһͷˣ͵ͷҪġ
ϹžսΪž̫ǿǲӵо޴ޱȵױȵӵпƿʹÿƬǸʱ򣬼ڵĻƽһ壬Һ͹ž˿⣬˵νľǸʱ򣬾ֻǹžϲԵһʳѣҲʯ֮ǿʹÿƬŻɱԲһ׵飬Ϊž̫ǿΪ»ߵĹž˳ưԣһȻ󷢶Թž˵ս
ΪʵǿΪԴ󣬹ž˱ˣұƵĺܲңҵս󲿷ֹž˶ɱʱΪǿʮž֮ɵозŭ֮Ҳ˵ŭ֮ˣϹžսѾ䣬֮ľӡǲ֪٣ڣӡǳϡ
˵߿һȻζŵڣʮž֮е죬˱۾һһĻѵ˯ֵܣȻһɼΪǿκһ¶ֵܵ˵ｫܵһıһʮ֮ΪﻹܰȻ𣿡
ȷǼΪΣͼȵ
˵ĻϺ֮ǰĲ²࣬Ҹϸ˿ھ棬Ҫǣ߿϶а취Լһεѡ
Ӧôʵ
Ӧþʯ֮ӡǣҪ֪ӡǵطֻм֪ʮž֮Ҳֻ֪طԾһʷжϰоһЩҲѧϰطҿԽ̸㣬ʵʵȻԪȹһƽ٣ԸϼһӣأΪԸԸ⣬Ѿ뵽һ鷳УΪԱҲҪ֡


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ƽһƻһ壬ʦƽ̨ҪǿΪʲôȥǣһ䣬ʵǺ棬нһΣİ취ȷҲȥҸǿĿɽ
һΰƻһһɢɳϲɣŽᣬƽһڰǶҵģʦһѡ񣬵ǿϧǵһҪ׻ڣѾʦƽ̨ʼˣ
ȻϢȷͻȻ
ô֪ģЩţϾôһΪʲôҪȽʦƽ̨
Ϊ֪һЩţʦǳǿַ˵ʱūһΪǿĹ̩̹ˣ̩̹˵֪ȴ֪ū۵Ĺ̩̹ǰ˱֮ĸ磬ӵоһ޴ͣ˵Ҳһѧͽ˵˵ϢߵĻͼݵǸˡ
Īǹ̩̹˾
Ϊ˽ֳΪʦ𣬰˱֮϶ʦƽ̨֣ѾԤʦƽ̨ĻҲѡ㣬ΪһߣһԿˣЦ˵
ϢĵһӦȥʦƽ̨ϾԼĵʦҲ˵ڿʦ䲻δؾʦƽ̨Ҳһط˻
Χʦƽ̨ģҲ²žˣڵͬʱžս𣬶Һܿ죬ͻеʯ֮ӡǣ˵ʦƽ̨æﲻϣץʱںʯӡǲϲߣ
֪˵ûµƵȷǳΣ˵ӿҲΪڻʱʵǵ֮
ʦƽ̨ʵͷͬЧԼȥæвǵвʧȥʵʱ䣬ֻܷȥػʦƽ̨뷨
뵽һ£ȴȡһſƬ
ԤԿڽԪļʱõĿƬԶδҪһģԤ⣬ֻеʱԤ鲢׼Ԫ弶֮ԤԿ޷ʹˣܶ취޷뵽ҲԺͿ˵⿨ƬΪʲô޷ʹá
ȡԤԿû˵΢΢һ㶵ϡеĿƬԤƳɵĿƬҪΪʲô޷ʹö𣿡
ͷ
ܼ򵥣ԤԿֻܶ㽫ҪԤ⣬Ҳеȼģ鷳ԽԽΣգĵԽԽǿʱ޷ټˣΪѾΧԽһԶ£ѾĿӷΧԽң취ܲԤԿĵȼ˵
Ȼ֮ãԤԿߣҪԤԿĵȼȻҪʱ䣬°ȴҪץʱںʯ֮ӡǡ
ںϾӡǣ߱һǾһž˵ӡǣѾˣҪԭľӡǵʯ֮ӡգ̾Բܱ˴ţҽһȫĵط˵꣬ѡҪҰںӡǣһƫƧɽȥͿˡ
һɽȵУȡʯ֮ӡǿʼհ߽ڵķں
߾ʹһԣںϡ
Ȼǽŭ֮ӡǷӡĻ꿨ɾ˻꿨֮󣬰Ҳһ̾Ȼ˼ѡ
꿨ֻмٵԪյֶΣ˵Ҳر㾹ȻǿԽ׵ͻԪںϵ꿨У֮꿨ΪĸӲŭ֮ӡǷ룬˾˻꿨һôãʶôϡŹֵ飬Ҳͷһμȷ˲𣡡̾
ǲһЩۼԪĿȻֶνӡʯ֮ӡǵĿƬȡ˳߶ľ˻꿨԰߽ڵֶοԪھ˻꿨γһСУһʮȻǽʯ֮ӡǿƬϵһĳ롣
ʹʱҲǷǳСģȻȷûк˼˿κ¶зԣ߶Լкͣ£ⲻɣһ·ʽ
ȵȷϰ߽ڵķûȫ߶ԪǸҲͼһɹɢŨʯϢԪһһı뵽ľ˻꿨С
̵УԸеһ
ָоͬڲţŵȣͬȵķһԴԴϣ˿Ĵм
µĴأ˿̾ȻʼᾧΪԪᾧԪ統УҲΪϡٵĿʯֻһС飬ֵҲǼΪѵģΪԪᾧͻףɱͷܶࡣ
ٿҲʱʱðһɹԪԿܶʯȻƶһС顣
ЩСĿǰʮСǾͬһһ㣬ȫСʯɵֻڼȴǿԪӰ²ܵԪ壬Щֻʯ֮ӡʱй¶ľţһëѡ
ĺԪй¶޷ֹֻǾܵļ٣ڰ߽ڵķǳΪʯ֮ӡʱѾ͵ˣԼԣľԻʮٱ
һ˵߾ǰһæ
ʱһһƣǷӡʯ֮ӡǵĿƬϵԪҲ𽥰Ȼо󲿷Ѿ롣
ʱһֱվһǿյİȴɫһ䣬̿Զ
ãЩ˵Ķôô죬Сģǿˣ˵꣬ǳϣҪûʲôģ
˼ǳȷǸˣֹͣգȻʣӡǳױɢܱȶá
ȻνĲΪ̰ĶԿǲ޴ġ
ڰ˵껰ʱ䣬Զгһ޴ĺӰԷһԾ޴ĳٶȼ죬ǰһ뻹֮⣬һѾǷɵ˽ǰ
һߴﵽʮ׵ĹӦǾһĳ֣ɫƤһͷϾȻһţһĶ˫ɢɭɭ⣬ץһȼĳһ֣һǿޱȵϢ
ս˹Ԫ߼Ԫ綥ǿ֮һû뵽Ҳ˱۾˳ˣ߼ʶ㣬һ۾ϳĵϸ


ʮ һɱ
κһԪ߼ĸ֣ԪΪĴڣԪ߼ĸ֣ڵԪʱҲǷëǣһֶֻֻڵڶԪ磬Ԫ߼ĸֲŻ
ڲ֮ǰԪ߼ֶоΪ֣ͬڰٹʱǸƽһ壬ǵʱԪ۷Ļƽ󣬵ɲǶ֣ǿʦæԻԴǶ̶̼ʱʵͻͽ
ڵԪӵԪ۷ūֱͣʵū;ͿԿͨԪ߼֣˵ڿ˷ŭ֮ӡǣԻΪ׾ˣﵽԪ߼ʵԾ˵ǿʵԪ֮ĿƬնɱԪ߼Ĵڡ
ʯ֮ʯ֮Ϲʮž֮һȺ߶Ҫ̫࣬ƽһ嶼ҪĴɱԼնɱǸ֮߳Ϊս˹Ԫ߼֣
Էһл
ǰ߲ôս˹ǳѾõĸ֣ȻʵҪʯ֮٣ս˹ֶȴܶ࣬ٶȺͽթ̶Զʯ֮ովսֺķʯӡǣʱڣ˿̶ԷϮԲһ¡
ߴ˿ҲʮְգƲˣȻ©һ㣬Ҳû뵽˱۾˾Ȼս˹ǰԷڵԪ綼Էٶȼֲÿôҵ
հߵ㣬˱۾Ҫʯ֮ɱϷӦҪʱ䣬ڲ˸˹ٶȵȷš
ⲻ֪˱۾ҲǼΪƻĴڣ֪ܸɵʯָ֮ǿͼţֻЩŲעΪʯ֮϶ǶԷеµģ˵һ⣬ôȥǿս˹϶ƿؾƣٿöԷʯ֮ľӡǴ
ֻϣ˱۾Ҳʧˡ
˿̣ս˹ʯ֮ӡǵ㾹Ȼվӡǣ
ʯ֮ӡǰ˱۾˽񣬶ûɺ൱صģս˹ŭˡ
ĳͱһɫĹ⻪ֳһʵĹǰһ̣һɾ޴Ĺͳȥ
˿̽յӡһ㣬ŲѷգʯӡѾ˾ųɣֻʣһɣʣµһΪս˹ĵңԶ޷յˡ
ѾʧȥƽͿƵʯ֮ӡǿƬ̿ʼصһһԪɢ
̾ϢһЩҡϧջ俴˶ڿеս˹ðһɱ⡣
Ȼ֮ǰѾǵ˼ޣƣȻǿʯ֮ӡǣƣȴ޼Ǵ˿̣ԴȫȻˣֻһ¡
ǾǸɵԼµļһ
㣬쵰һԪһ˦Ȼ˲һſƬǿԪ㼯ڿƬУȵصһ£һ޴ޱȣҺصʯ֮ܡ
ܵ״ߴɣ߳ߣγʯܵľȻӲȼߵʯۡ
ս˹ĹڵϵʯϣȻֻ޴бʮȣȴûкʯܵķ
Ҳһ㶣⿨ƬֻΪַֻʯ֮Ȼͷţû뵽ƬȻֱᷢ죬֮ͷųʯ֮ܣȻǱ˿Ȼƽľ޶ܣǵֵסս˹ĵһι
Ҫ֪Էô˵Ԫ߼ĸ֣ԼԪʵȻԵֵԷĹ˵ȥŵһƬˡ
ֻӦҲܿ죬ʶ϶ʯ֮ӡǵĺô
ԷԪӵߣԼ˶ԷȻҲЯһЩԪǿͷԪԵķʱӦĿƬҲõǿ
ôԼΪˣ١
Ŷ澪ս˹ϣ˿Ȼõ˴ԵҲһսսپϾ˾ԲҲԲܷŶԷ뿪鷳ǻ
˾˻꿨˱һ֡
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ս˹һиɵ֣ȫԸɱﵡ
ϺɫƤ̸ֳһսģս˹սĳֺʵἫһУɵĸɵһﵽԪ۷ĵˡ
ʼĳϻ㼯ս˹׼ֵһ˲䣬ͻȻǰһðһȭͷ
һְһʯȭͷȭͷ޴ޱȣٶȸǿ쵽£ֱĿɿڴѹûзӦս˹ϡ
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һѪս˹ֱӱУعݣͬ޴ѹµƿһֱһ롣ս˹ͬƲһͬڵһȥϰףȻصһұϣǿĳұڶˣ¡¡첻ϡ
ս˹ľȭСȻָԭĴСȴ޷ά־̬ԵʣղŻΪ˴һȭѾ޶ȣڼ˻꿨ҲΪˡ
֪һղһȭ˵ȫһĿĺȷǾǽս˹һɱ
ԶĿ̣ȻԿˣ֪϶ȡһսʤҲû뵽Ȼôͣս˹ǵԪĶ֣סһɽ֮ϣµľ԰򣬾ʦƽ̨ʥʹҺͶԷͻ
˿̣ԪԪ߼ս˹Ȼһȭˡ
һһ
Ȼûйȥ飬ǰ߼ʶεȹ㲩һȭֱӽս˹һ룬ǽԷڵԪ飬ҲǱɡ
ȻҿδȷģԪҵʱҲֻ籩굱һʱЩ߸ϵļһҲҪȥˣߴ˿߹ȥѾ޷Ȼְͷһ͵ԪϣΪ彩Ӳ̸оһˬ֪ڰԲûоܾרĻָ


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ǡ
һпĴսǹķϵ˿̣ӵĻǽ֮в̶ͬȵеֱӳ˾޴ȱڣֻ˿Ѿڣֻ˰֣ȵ֮޸
Ͱ߻ص̵֮ͷ˯ǲˣԪѾĳܷΧϾά־̬ҪķԪҲҪķѾһ˯ļ˵ڶ죬ûѡ
ûȥΪ˶֪Ϊ˻ʯ֮Ȼء˵ʱ˹һ˯ʱ䣬ֻڻ˯УȻΪ˵ֵʯ֮Ǵﵽ˼ޣȥһȷ϶Էû֮ŷġ
κ˲ҪúϢſ´Ҳ˵û˭ܽȥ
Ȼס˾һΪǿһν˭֪Ⲣûнܿ죬Ϊǿľ˴ͻѹʱһֱ£ɳΪһ𾴵ΪṩǳõĽ飬֪µơ
߸ĵһǣѡ
ڣ˳Ĭȴ˳Ĭߣ˵˿϶ȡµıͽǺѵֵסһ
ûֿԺܴȻǵĳǿ󣬵Ǳֻһˣǵس֮⣬ʨǣ³Сһľۼأǵĵ̫ˣ㵽ԵʱǻмʧҪǣЩ̫ǿˣǸǿĹžϮôǵĳҲǶ֡һص˵
Ҳ֪˵û˭뵽Ҫѣȥʲôط
ʱ߽һˣѹ߽֮˵ĵһ仰ǣǲѣ
˿ˣȫ߿һȻڵȶԷͣǻܣϼúϧϣ󡢶ƷɻԼһ·ƴˡ
ŵ˵ûǸ˱۾ˣڵҲԲĶ֣ǲӱܣΪһӱܣ˵ͻԽԽǿʱ֮⣬һ߻ᣡ
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Ϊһ㣬ԲŻὨǱѣΪӮһֻ֣Ҫ˱۾˻ߺ˱۾һǿĹžϮԼɻݡ
ΨһĻвҲǰ˱۾˻ɱоֻҪһôͻõת
һǳ󵨵뷨ҲΨһİ취ҪĿ꣬⿿ԼȻǲģҪ֣Ҳһİ֡˱۾Ԫ˼ĴڣôҲԪ˼ĸֲſһ
ݹĿǰ֪Ԫ磬Ԫ߼ѾĴˣҲֻڵڶԪɹ۵Ԫ߼֣ҪҵԪ˼ĸѶȿ֪֪ҲֻڴﵽԪ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ȵһʾǰ˱۾ˣһԪ˼֣֮⣬˵ƽһ峤ҲԪ˼ĸֻ֣ƽһ峤϶ԼɵԼͺܲˡ
ôֻʣһλǾǱڵ³ϲ
֪Ԫ˼ĸ֣ܽϲȳϲæټԼսҪɵ˱۾˾˿ܡҵʱһ¡ʦҲȳ¡ʦȻֻԪ߼۷壬ܺϲԪ˼ĸֳֵܣǺϲһƽһڵ㣬һϾ˵¡ʦǿţ˱۾ֻԼߣԲǡ
Ҫ־ȳԲһ׵顣
¡ʦ˵ӡԿڻƽһ屾ܴ֮򿪵ķӡ￪ʼĥܽԿ͵֣Ȼ¿ȥǳѣ˵ǲɵ飬û飬ļƻ
뵽ϲȻǵϲԼ飬ǾҵϲŮһö佻
ҪѯһģΪ̫ƻԪڻ˯ֻʱһơ
ڻı̬ã˴˿̶ĳѾﵽ˶㣬Щһ·Ϥϻ飬˿Ҳгġ
߿һۣҲǵ˵ͷȻǴߣҲֻܿģģδֻ֪ƽԪҵص㣬֪ܻܿʤڹ̣ȴǲ֪Դ˿̣Ҳֻѡ
˼򵥽һԼڵ飬ǿǺʨǵķˡ
ԭõڵڶξ˽ʱͱƣϾϰﵽԪ弶ľһҲ顣
ţԼܲóļôԪ߼۷ĸ֣ҲϺпܹ֮⣬ӱٶԲܹļ
ʦļʦֹʮǧ˵֮ҲΪһ֮ƳɯļҲȡɣۼ裬ԶԶΪļʦɯ
ʱ䣬ʹȫоϣԽʦĵȼһЩʱ򣬾ͿԲóͨǿ߲ܹƵĿ
ϧǣļƻˣΪһͻȻĽ⡣
ʶʲôһĴѶַʽԼѶĿǰֻһˡ
צ
˵һҲܾûиԼѶˣڽ֮ǰ;צоһЩ飬ȻҲٲʺ򣬶󲿷ʱ䣬צѯһЩ⡣
һץǽ⣬Ȼ⻯һſƬдһ֡
鷳ˣ
ֻô֣ȴһȻ;צֻһΣȴǳΪ˾צΨһѣԾצ˽⣬ԷܷѶϢǾ˵鷳޷鷳
ͻȻ뵽˵˱۾˵ֳһλΪ޴Ĺž˾ǱʦūۣȻԷ϶ͼݵǸˡ
ٽϾצѶϢʶʲô
ûоצ϶ȥǰ˱۾ˣٲھȥΪצ֪ԼζҪȥһˣΣҲǲôˣצһĽԼѣһ֪ѼȻѣôԹۡ


ʮ ƽ̨һ
ֻҲ֪ǾͼݵλþǼңԶڳɫ磬ҪϹȥǻƻҲˣǲôҪһ¡
ô󵽴³ǣɫϹȥȻͼݵλøǹ̶ģΪǸˣ˵ͼݵλһֱƶƶֻǾһ֮ڣֻҪȥаտҵ
ȻһҲһǸ˱۾ˣҲôˣ϶һſһʱϹȥ
ʱһ⴫Ѷ㶣æץһ¶һЦЦı顣
ǾצģһεϢҪˡ
ӳˣ̺ΣգҺ˳˽һЩ鷳һһֻŹ˵ʶ㣬ҾʹˣͼǻزȥˣʲôطҴֻȥ㣡
һεĴѶ˿צȻˣȻ֪ʲôֶΣԾצ˽⣬ԷȻӳʼʹû뿪ͼݣһ֪ʶԨµļһҪ˵ʲôֶѳֿܡ
ھצ˵ֻģ͹ʿĿŹû뵽צ֮໹ܴСǳԤ֮⡣
̻شһѶȥþצҪܣڸȫԼȥ֪צǸСǴ֮û뿪ͼݣԼЦˣһ·Ͼܺķһ꣬צΪҲǴһܵһܵľ룬ǶԷ֪ʶԨϾûʵԵ֪ѹ֪Զ
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ʻɫǣΪһԪؾ飬ĵӻǺСģڵʵѾսаʲôæּʻɫǺóļܺã˵Ҫȥһͼݵʱ֪̾ʲô
ɫٶȺܿ죬գ֮ʧƶˡ
һƬֵĴɽУ˿̣һͬһĴ󹷿ٴɽֵУ׷ʮŹֵܿͱ˦
ǰһֺһٲֱԾ£ȻٲУٲȻһɽˮٲΪʮΡ
֮󣬾¶һµģգգһ㱻ץҪҴ飬ǻزˣ
ɽУһֻ֩˳֩ģͨ˿ȴǳ˵鷳ˣΪҪһЩϣԼٶֻ̫ܰȥô˵һˣ
֩˵Եı񣬶֩һǻεģȻǴͼӳľצ
ҿ˵лǲЩңô˵ҾȳģһæӦõģǴ󹷺͹ʿһģһ˫۾ʮĵţƺԷջظлҪһ
ðɣӦõģأһʱദצҲϤ󹷵ԸҲٺͶԷ棬Ҫ֪ͷһʱһ⣬˼СʱþצĻ˵⹷Щӡ
צ䣬Щδȡ˼
һЩŹֲֵһЩһЩᾧ
ЩʮϡٵĲϣֻһƬɽУצ鱾ζЩϣ˿̣ʵ
һֽᾧᾧ˵ֻΪصĵطֻ߼ʦֻ֪оצ֪ʶԨҲֶ֪ȥĶѰң֪Ҳֻ鱾ϵƺ򣬵ʵҲطġһԳǶʦϤĹҪȻҲᱻȥͼݵĴţԵצ˵ҪһЩϵʱ򣬴ԸµıʾԸæһʼһĻ
ھצҪЩʲôǲ֪ģֻӵѹһ㣬ȻＱеҪ֪צҪʲôǲʣֻھצŪЩϵʱ򣬲ϵĹ۲졣
Ȼֵܱʮһ˫Ĵ۾ǳ뷨
ǲǺܺҪЩʲôצĶ԰ֻۿŴѺ߿Щ˼һҲŲ棬ô㾿ЩҪʲô
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;צһ˵ֻǱȾצǿһ㣬ǾֻϤ⸽ô뿪ȥʲôطͺ;צһһͷˮ
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֣ʹ˵ֱ˷ʱ䣬Խ˵Խ࣬Խ˵ԷԽ뵽ԼļƻצʱĽ˶Իʼרо
ͼһЩܾúܾǰ鼮عøԪǧʯļ¼ȻֻᵽֻƬҲȫݼ֤һЩԪزǧʯǺпܵģҪľᾧȻǿǧʯǿӲһЩĿʯ֮Ѫģ磬֮⣬ҪԪأԪأԪأˮԪغԪأЩĴԪأЩԪؿʱȡҪռЩЩطӦÿǧʯצȻʼĵ


ʮ ƽ̨
ŶԷĻѹžצǧʯ˵оľצҲʮû˼ſһԶſ
һ۾ֱˣΪצȻǽԪԪһû˵ûмķʽ˾壬ȻԼһʯΪһ壬ѪһѪҺע뵽Уγ磬ᾧצԼٶһĸȻַһ뿨ƬС
̾צеĶʮһСʱһſƬѾɣצƬһֻŹֵǧʯ֣ɳһȻſ˾צıϡ
ȻĳɹˣһʧеǧʯȻģŹһ㣬͸һ˿ϢʣһֻǧʯԪԲ
צûбֵ̫ΪΪԼ϶Գɹ
ʱһƺӼԶĵطľ촫ݹ¡¡ɽﶼĸо
ȥô£ƺǧʯצ˿Ҳ˺ܶ࣬˴ĺ󱳣߱ǺļصģҲǺԥԾ⣬ϵһƸߵ㿴촫ķ
ڲ֪жԶĵط˿ѤޱȣֳһɫĹţ̻ͬһ㣬һɫУƲһ޴壬˿ķѣֻ̫ңԶȵЩɫʧʲôˣͬ־޴Ҳʧȥ
ʲôЩ̫ףϵľצҲһֻƺʲôеǵھʮĺƻ裬һּΪǿķ϶һΪʦͷŵġ
һ￴Ȼ»صɽء
ͬһĻҲˣֻҪһЩʮԶĸ߿գʦƽ̨ıԼ˴Ǹ߳׵Ķ۾ˣΨһĹžˣ֮⣬ǿޱȵĹžˣĸžɵǿսǵʦƽ̨ԭ
ղż߼ʦͷǿĸžˣûгɹ෴ǱͷųĿƬɱˡ
ʦƽ̨飬һƬ׹ȥ֪ԼȥæҲˣͬ˵ģʦȻǵһ׻Ҫ֪ʦԪǶôǿĴڣ˿̣ʦĴӪȻҲǵֵס˵ĽǰҲûãڶԸһžûģǶĸһǿ䣬ȥҲǺ졣
뵽ʦΪ˱Ҳʻɫ磬ʦڵƽ̨ȥʦƽ̨ʦƽ̨һξ룬ܲûܵ˵Ľ
ɫܿͷ˹ȥҵ˿ʦסƽ̨Ϊʦƽ̨һξ룬Բûܵ䵽ƽ̨ϣȻ²鿴ûκη֣ʦڣҲڡ
˿˵ʦȥѰҵ¡ʦ䣬ܻҲһ鷳
ʱӦʦƽ̨ȥȴǿһЩӰٷЩӰܣǺ棬йһЩйϻоˡ
߶צڿնȻٿغɫʱ㵽һԵƲ㵱С
ܿ죬ܵӰ͵һˣʦȻǿһϤףǸȴʦ˿ĸʦǷǳǱȻ˴ˣ׷ɱǵĳ˾˺͸ַй֮⣬ͬһϤס

ȻʦҸ񣬲˿̺һ;˾Źһýֺͷ붼֪Է϶Ͷѱˣ˳
˿ϵԪԱǰǿ࣬Ȼʵͻͽһ׷һͷųһЩǰļʦ
ܰܣҿܶãЩ쵰ͿǸһﴮͨһʦϵңʦݣһǶɽֻܾңȴҲʸˣ᲻ʶʱΪһ仰ĵɣЦ˵
Σֱʦĳ裬ͺ˵˵һʼţ֪˵Ļֱֹ磡ȴʦҲĹǺֱӷ
ֻˣǹӣ뿴ڲڶ𣿿ϧãڼǰˣҲڽӣ˵꣬Ҫ֣ȴǿǰ濭ƽ̨ƮһˣǸ˵ģһ㶣һϲ
ҵգ˵꣬һ֣мž޴޵ľ˳˹ȥ֮⣬һЩھ˵ķ޺壬һƬǰǸΧ
Ȼ
񿴵ͬʱȴʦҲˣʦϵǺܣ
Ȼֻ֪һѧͽȻһǿѧͽӡǰӡ󣬶£ѾǴﵽԪ۷壬ﵽ׼߼ĳ̶ȣټϼԪ۷ľ˷ʿʦֻĶӣ˵ѧͽˡ
ֻûӣŶԷԼΧȻ֮ǰϷˣȴˣЩʿٶȣҪ׷Ǽֱ練ơ
ȴʦȻҲһ㣬ƤͬʱҲ֪Լ˼һ˵Ķ֣ջҲûãֻ̾Ϣһ
ȻҪսǾսֻֻһѧͽأɱҲԲǿ󣡡ȴʦ仰ԷϣԷԷŹһ£ɴ˿ɼȴʦǲģʦһңȻ֪ϾҪʦһЩ˻ɱ
ʦҲ
ȴҷܣ֪֪Ϊʲôᱻʦƽ̨Ϊʲô᳼ˣ㣬ΪСӣСӶ˺ܶԭҵĶʯƽЩԭӦңȴСӸȵǡޱȣҧгһ˵ⷬҺ޲ýС˵ǧУҷ𣿼ȻˮתҵգһúС֪ʲôǿֲʲô
˵꣬ȴʦ˵ʲôǱȴʦСˣȵȴʦˣģɱңٹһҲ룡
ȴʦȻǿЦһֻ񣬶ǴЦҿǷˣͷȻ˵ʱʱΪʦ㣿㣬ʦƽ̨ݻˣΪʦΰİ˱۾ˣӴԺԪ粻ʦְҵ֪ΪʲôҪЩΪûۿһˡ


ʮ ˵
ʦƽ̨ݻٵĽ֪ģʱҪҪȥԸ˴ֻĸžˣһ޵ս;ԲӦģǼ˻꿨ҲУ˵һۿͷľ˴
ô˵ѧͽĵӣʦҲһͬк͹У˵ʦƽ̨İңҪ˵ŭһеġֻΪ̫ǿһѡͱһӻ޴ʱײˡ
˵ܸˣ֪Լеطйһŭˡ
ֻֻһѧͽȴʦʦ࿴һۣȻٷɵߣȻ͵ƴսˣʱ˵ʲôûã˵ҲԲŹǡ
һлܣҵʺܸߣǴʦ¡ʦĵӣҲֻлͻƵԪ߼ǱˡȴȡͬʱС˵ţû˵꣬ЦЦȻצһŽ⣬˷
ǡ˿̣ȴ˲ſƵģͨߣҲߣһɢŽɫԪȴʦǼʶ֮ˣ뵽ʲôͬʱѿڶצȻצ
ʦ֮ǿΪǿҲΪʦ飬һʾǿԵýǧʯһߡ
ʦǧʯ֮Ҫһ飬ΪʦܴﵽԵٶȺͷе˵ûߣʦʵۿۣҲǷֵȼģȼԽߣƷԽϡеģȻԽá
Уһִ˵ΪĴڣѾ֮ܳΪߣ߻צ
ʯߣһһʦеͬϷĳְҵװһֻҪʦͻռΪС
ԿȻצȴʦǾ˾Ǿϲǿҵļʡ
ҳԾ̫ҳԾˣ㲻ӵʯȻбʯҪϡ٣˵Ǵ˵еצʵǼʣûϵӽ쿪ʼһжңΪջֻһʯͻƽû뵽ֶһצ̫ˣ˵ҵգЦ˵̼˼Ԫ֮泤ˮʯ֮ǿһδֱƷԷ֫ȱʳƽֱ֮Ӹɵ
ٿһȡ޽ԪԪﵽ㣬ȴˣĽļղŶԣ
˵꣬޽һ⣬ֱʩչȥ
޴ĽǿƻԪڿγһɾ޴ļ̣񣬺̸ܵһе׺¶֮ɫȴǼæԼԪ֮񵲣ֻһ̣һžĴ죬ʯ֮飬ʸ顣
ôܣɫ䣬⼸Ԫ֮ÿһѶܴﵽĳ̶ȣڵԪ綼ǷëǣôܻᱻԷĽ顣
ǣԷĽķ롣
¶ˣ޽һ弶֮һ³ʦȥﵽı׼ڵϲƻԪֱӸħϣ£һ޽ѾǴﵽ߼ķ롣
߼ѾˣҪ֪ԪԪ߼ĸȻ٣ҲһЩǴﵽ߼ԲԪ߼ĸֶ٣Ż˾档
ͬȵĻкȴʦʦԭ͵˾һսû뵽ѧͽȻٶô졣
һʦͣԱסˣʵȴʦֻһѧͽ𣿡
ȴʦûشΪ֪ôشĸֻѧͽʲô
һ̣ǿĹƣٽնʩչ½ͬʱΪӮˣΪͶ˰˱۾ˣͿΪΪ
žһĻ½Ļ֮Ҳֱն飬ĻγһƬ𺣣ûɲĴ
ǻʦƽ̨ΣֻܼŭеʦҪǣ㼤ŭң
һ½ˮԪ֮Ҳˣ񾪿ֺĿɿڴУԾ𺣣Կ˫¶ı䣬һɱ䣬һ۶սʦ֣ҲǱ񿴵ĻӲ׹ߡ
һҧȡһſƬһǣȻǺϵǧʯںһ𣬱һѳʮ׵Ȼͬʯǰĳȴӵʮָͬһ
Ǹ߼ʯԺʯںϣʵһֻѾʧˣ벻Ȼָ߼ȴʦʧ˵Լ񵥴ҲԲǶԷĵ֣иǽ
ͬ˿̵һ㣬ɵ˱۾ˣĹžˣʱȥǣ㣬ȴ˵˵һлллͷеŭ
˵꣬Ʊǣ޽ҲǺնһʩչ罣ǼӳǿƻԪǻһɴӾ˻꿨ȡʯ֮Ԫ
˿̣ȻûбǾһɢ޵Ϣľˡ
罣ϯоȻʯ̣ͬһ˲佫Ŀɿڴڡ
ƻԪ׵ƵԪʣµĽʯ̣˲佫ʵķ飬Ľȵ·ü̵ʧֻѪƬ·һ
ˡ
òЩѪϣλʦķɣԼȻҲû뵽ᱻ˼򵥴ֱķʽɱԵҲû˵һ仰˵ģֻһĿɿڴ㵵ı顣
˿޽ŭɢ˲٣ȡƬг˰ķٻ˻ƽߺƻ棬ȻʼΧľ˷ʿڶ忪ʼɱ
ûɱȻЩвԪĴڣ׼߼ĸֶɱʣµôǶ֣˵ʹûƽлƽߺƻ˵İ
ֻƬ̣Щһͱɱ߳ɣʣµĿʼɢӣʱҲûһһɱˡ
Ϊ֮ǰΪʦƽ̨ŭѾйĲˣͬ˵ģʦƽ̨Ĵž֮ԵԣһľԲǶ֣ʦƽ̨ٵĳʱܱɱˣҲֻһڶ˶ѡ


ʮ ݱܷâ
ٿȴˣѾɱ¾ֶθˡ
ڣȴҲڴ˭˵ֻѧͽĸ߼ʦûһͰʯߣƽԪǿսѧͽ
һȴعĵһ仰
ΪûпǿΪ˿Ѿȫеĸ߼ʦǾȴȼ˵Ƕ̬һٰʮȴת䣬ʮֹ˵Ĳˡ
һʱлȴʦһΣȴǲΣղΣ֮ʣȴʦԼߣһˣҲʮֿ
ȴʦǽʲô㣿ɵôһƱˣƺ֮ǰҪ˲١
㣿ȴ̾˿ھһͷ̫ͣʦƽ̨ˣʦҲأƽ̨ʦЩΪƽ̨ûˣͿԳǣǣʧˣʦв֪꣬ôܱǻ壬ʦƽ̨ݻ٣ʦҲǴѰҴʦ½ʦƽ̨
˵ͷʱֻңΧȫǾ˵צղߵЩһ϶ĵˣȴʦǶ֪Ҫ뿪
򽫺ɫӿƽ̨·úȴʦһ뿪ȴʦѾ۷Է˱ԼҪ߼ʦǲҾܾңҲ֪ɫٶȼķҲַֻ˵׷ɱ
˷ʻȴ˿ʻľȻһԪؾ飬ûйľ棬Ϊչֳĳ߼ʦֶκͻƽȴ˾ͽʦƽ̨ݻٵľ˳
ʵ̺ܼ򵥣Ĵž֮ųʮʦƽ̨ΧȻÿԷеĲӲϽͬʱžڵͨ٣һǵ沿ӣĴžҲеʦƽ̨
˵ٵʱȻ뵽һ޴ޱȵ٣ղƺҲһЩһģһ֪ٿ϶ҲǾ˵ֶΣǹžҲԹеĿꡣ
ȥĶȥҿ𣿡ȴʦʵ
ǣʦȥʲôطʵҲ֪ȥһסͼѣˣͼݣȴʦ֪٣ͼݵǸˡڻ֪ͼݵ飬Գʵ
˵̩̹˰ɣ˵ǺܾǰʦĹžˣ齨ͼݵʱ򣬾ͽͼ޽ıϣ֮ǰҲյϢһȥ̩̹ˣʦƽ̨ѾΧǸûа취ȥԮͼݡȴʦ˵꣬Ȼֵ˵Ѿסͼݣⲻܰɣֻ֪һЩֻػĸ߼ʦһŹѡ
ЦЦû˵צĴֻԼ͵¡ʦ֪˼ǽͼݣ֪צĴڡ
ɫٶȺܿ죬ͬһɫƲ㵱УʮӺ󣬸ʻɫ򽫷ɴͣȻŤͷϴ󣬾
һȻЩӡǸͼݵ̩̹ε
צҵĻӦò⸽ŶԣôʹôѶͿһһȷǵλãļƻѶǿױȵķٶѶţǴ㿴ѶĽ䵽ʲôһСΧͿҵĿꡣ
ȡһŴѶдˡĶȻ󼤻
Ƭһ⣬̷Ȼ˶ʮ๫ڡ
˹ȥ
ûϹȥһͷǾצĻţһ£Կķ̸˹ȥ
һƬɽͷȵ뿿͸о˾צԪҲһ͹ϵľצ
צǶصˮɽڣֻ֩ǼſϣĻ˵ʾ׽ķЦһҲͬʱצڸɫĹ̡
ʱ֪ͼѾˣ˱۾ֱӻ飬ʱҲ֪ͼʵѹ̩̹ķӡҪǸ̩̹˵ķӡֻƻͼݡ
ֻϧĲˣǱߵȴʦʦ˿̶̾ϢһͼĲʦְҵǧ֪ʶǻһΪʦȻʹϧѡ
Щ鵹ûʲôϧģΪÿһҶܶ飬дû⣬ֻϧҵļûˣʱҿǹһһ£Ҵӳͼ֪ʶǴϿģȻܾʣϾûԼۿȤѾˣҪúһԪ硣צʱ˵
һ仰ȻȴһͼֱԳ֮Ϊ麣֩뾹Ȼ
ôܣ
һȴţŹ̵צ˿һȴǼȻţҺ;צǺֵܣһ֤㿴ǱߵǧʯûУǾǾצģǧʯû˵ɣ
ȴȻϵÿŹѾͼʱ䣬ܶ߼ʦѧͽʱ򣬾ͼѾʦһϵеġǰڴȴ˶ʮ𾴡
˵֩뽫ͼ鼮ɲš
ȴʦţԺ;צһ£һ飬ȴʦҲһоԵˣĺ;צĸʦҲһ𣬶һһ䣬̸Ĳɿ
˿ȴ߳⣬ɵпԶ
Լ޴Ӱ֪Ǿǰ˱۾˺̩̹ˣȴʦ˵Ҫ̩̹˳׻ָʵҪݻͼݣҪγ̩̹ڵʮöˮ
ѹ̩̹˵һֻнʮöˮγ̩̹˲ūۣʱû˭ѹסϰ˱۾ˣԪǶû֮ƥˡ֪Ϣ֮󣬵һʱȥţûȥΪڸûа԰˱۾Ԫ˼Ĵڡ
Ԫ˼жǿԪļԪ弶ʱ򲢲֪ǵ׿˾˻꿨ܻ֪֮ˡ
Ԫ߼Ԫ˼һأһ죬ǾһԪ˼ְ˱۾ˣǿûߣʯ֮ӡǵͬʱҲõٲʯ֮ļ䣬ЩƬһļ˱۾˵Ŀֲ
ͬΪʮž˵ʯ֮ڰ˱۾Ҳֻп־ͳȥɧŶԷҪǣӸղſʼһָоǾԼˣһĪѹȸһֱͷ


ʮһ ȴʦ
֮⣬һѹȸﻹһв
ǰ˱۾ˣȷһ㣬ԷѾԼвԼҪȥܵԷȫ
ԭ򣬵˶Էûһ˿գҪǾųɹҲֹֻ̩̹ˣ˱۾˻ǰ˱۾ˡ
еʱ򣬸÷ĻһҪֻɱ֮
˶ѨҪצǾ뿪ﲢȫһ˱۾˳׽̩̹ˣԷпܻϮǡ
һԶеľ޴ӰδͻȻһֲȷԣֲȷôǿңѷʱûйָо֪鷳һҪ˶ա
ȵɽڣͼצ٩٩̸ΪµۣȴʦʦһĿɿڴ֮⣬ǻһݺͼȻղȥʱצޱȵĲѧͶĸ⣬ֱȴˡ
˿֮̿ǰһ鿾⣬˵СȰǸоֵô
ĻЩҫĳɷ棬ȴʦȴǼæʦʦҴûй֪ʶĴʦצʦ仰һЩ벻ͨéٿֱҶ֪˵ʲôˡ
óȴʦܼʦҲһھצǰЩʦͬСѧһΪ档
ٺ٣˵ͼݱûϵֻҪλֵھͿԣǻͼݣҴְͼݣػλֵܣҲûΥǰԣǿ԰λֵΪʦ̵ǰ޳ܵ˵ֻʱûǰĻһȴȴ¶⡣
԰ȴһĴȣһóҲǳˣݾצΪʦǿʱӵͼ֪ʶֺ̣˭ܾ
ȴͷһݣžצʦӦҲҲһݣצΪѧ
˿̷ǾצЩˣϾҲû飬һʱҲ֪˵Щʲôպÿצֱ
һ̣Ҳ˼ƽϣʦƽ̨ݻ٣ʦ֧֯飬ȻоһԸ⣬ʵʦ֮以಻ʹˣԴӵһʦʦƽ̨֮֮֯ʦԵһʦΪ䣬֮дʦ¡ʦҲǿʦһӦȺ۵ֻȵ¡ʦʧ֮ʦһɢɳΪǸ߼ʦ֮以಻Ȼʦ֯ǿ󣬵ȱͷ죬ǿѹʱ򣬾͸ױ֮Ҳؾġ
˵ʵԿУʦԻһǿսҲϣʦʹ˳š
˿̿צѧ֪ʶͶĳǿӮȴ˵𾴣һͷԺгˡ
˵ʦҪһĻô¾צʵģܾȳ¡ʦҪؾʦҲѣʱܽ¡ʦȳôצɾõѡ
ȴʦǸ߼ʦʦƽ̨еĵλҲܸߣݾצΪʦצĵλͳȻˣټϾצҪؾʦкܴˡ
뵽ȻǺ;צ˵˵¾צεľе׽󣬾צҲ˵ͷãҾͬˣ
ȴ˼״ȻҲ൱˷ܡʱԶ˺¡¡ľ죬мĳ־޺ضЩ𶯡
ɽɫһ䣬ղ޴ӰķѾ֪̩̹˵ķӡҪ⿪ˡ
߰ɣﲻ˾˵һ䣬ͷ˳ȥҲ֪ô£˾ŷֲҹǿ϶뱻鷳ǣûǰ˱۾˵Ķ֣һԷϣܶܲˡ
ɫ羭ڲĿռҲܴ󣬳ôһȺ˴´࣬޴ĴҲ˽ȻɫٷС
צڲĴΧһУ˵һжôİȤȴǺ;צ˵Χ汦⡣
һ֮˳صǡ
ž޴ޱȵۼأհսצ˷ܵԸӣȷĵ֮󣬾צֱӱʾԺҪס
ȴʦǼʦһ·϶ĶԲߣ˿Ҳǰ˵ǴȥѰҴʦǶ⣬Ҫ¾ϿյʥҲǨƹΪʦʱĴӪȻǸʥǻȲʦƽ̨ʤޡ
ȴʦǶؽʦƽ̨»ǺĵģǵľԴھצоצͼݣͬһ˴죬Խʦټ
ȻҪʥǨƵĵ̣Ҫͬ⣬ֿǿȻܾ㽫ȴʦǽܸϼˣǴЩ顣
¾ǣûʥĿ꣬ԺҲ԰ȫһЩϾ˵ע⣬ôȻЩ֪˵עˣҲʯ֮Ϯ¼ծ಻
ʱ䣬ͺ;צһѯʹ󿨵һЩ֪ʶͼкܶ󿨵鼮ϾʦУҲǳʦצЩ֪ʶҲǷЩ֪ʶͬˮһ㣬֪ʶҲսḻоԼÿˮƽѾ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ͻƵļʦӦҲ൱ӽˡ
һͻƵļʦͿԲļ󣬵ʱļصİȫԾͻõǰǿ¾ǣжʮžǰȥһļ󣬾ԿԱƽ
ÿ죬Ϣ˵˴ռ˸ĵ̣ʥʹҲ˻ܡ
Ѿʲôˣʦƽ̨ܴݻ٣ʵҪһЩʥʹȻҲ⣬ǿ϶ʦҪҡ
ЩΣ򣬻ʯ֮Ը룬Ԫ磬ʥ»Ѿ˲֪˲»ȻûʽѾ൱Ȼӿѣιʮһͷ۵飬ЩҪģϼͶȥٰ죬Ҫܼ򵥣Ǿʵ
õϢһֱ˯ˣǸˣһƴػΪжҲ֪ΪԼԲƴҲˡ


ʮ ү
ʱǸӣֻܸоԼƺ˺ܶ࣬ĸȻصĺܺãܿ˵ʱϧȥŮ׳ӽӵ뻳ǰԲôǽ֪ĸˣȻ嶯֮ôˡ嶯ԭкܶ࣬ǿǻ
ǽӵ뻳Щع
ȻôЩ̫ͻȻˣٶ˵Ĺϵ˵չЩ̫ˣԸֱƿԼʱٲΣҲὫԼһɫǰɣ
֪Լˣ˶ɫԼҲеߣϼûϧϣԼ빲ڶԷԼ֮ŻܶԷ
һΣԼԼ̫嶯ˡ
ֻܿһ飬ǾȻһʼһЩ㵣ûƿԼֻҲǲ˵ܸоԭԺĸܵԷ
˶˵ֻǰıƣҲǰ࣬Ƭ֮ſ
лл㣡˵
Ȼ뷨ȴ΢΢һЦղΪĳ嶯ΣǻΪС
ֻ֪ղûƿԼΪ룬ԼΣֻ߶С
ʱһ£ղеһ˿ȻϲίԼҪҵǸŮ˵˳
ע⵽Լڽڵϲϸڵʱ¶ľ֮ɫĪ֪ϲ˭ҲԣϲԪ˼ʵƻһ嵱жȻǷǳĴڡ
ϲŮʲôʱʵоȻһ˿ûйļС
Ȼ׽һ㣬ı飬ͻȻ뵽һֿܣȴ˵С˿֮ǡܸӵ֣
һ˲䣬ע⵽ɫ仯һ£ߵǰȷǺܸӵ֣Ҫҵ˿֮ǣң
֮ǰ뵽ˣȻû̫ȣлǸпһ̫ˡ
˿֮ǣƻһ֣ҵүүƻһ峤׹֮硣һ£Ȼƻһֶص㣬ΪƿڣҲܳѼǣƽʱü򻯵ֳƺ
ƭԼϲǽϲԼĿȡݸ˵ϲ⽻ԼתŮġ
ϴһԪƣ֪ʲôӹһ۾һ
ƻ֮䣬̫ˣҾǿƻ񣬲һУҵȥүү˵Ѿ˵磬ôȥһ𣿡˿ֵ̱ʮ˷ܣͬõߵĺһ
ҪȻܾȻϲΪʵһ¶㣬ͻᱻǷӡ޷뿪
ǼˣɾҪǰ磬ֻڵ¶ڣҲȥ
ȻͬȥúþӪһµ磬Լһ·ڵƲԣԽ˶磬ﾭӪʵȻ
ĿǰֿѾ߷Ŵˣ˱۾ټϱӡ̩̹ˣž֮ԷҪԪҲֻʱ⡣Χǵ壬ܵɱ¾벻ֻѡ񳼷
ǹѩһЧӦþһԽԽǿ
ĵ˾һҶʱ֪Լֻܴ磬ȻҲпûһ죬Σ׼Ҫá
ȻҪȥ磬԰Լĸһϣǿ磬ҲһЩڵ磬ϵɲõΪ谭ԼҪһǣЩΪԼһӡ
˵Ҫȥ磬˶ʾҪȥϼǾͲ˵ˣҲǰٷ֮Ҫȥģ壬ƷͬҲȥȻҲʾȥʶһ¡
оצһ˵Ҫȥ磬˷ܵĻֻ֩ʹȥڴҸоõĹǵʲã˵һ·˵İȫ
һνĶѾ׳ϰˣȻûͱһֽΪļʦǶڴоѾﵽһĳ̶ȣһԴϰҲûʲôͬƻ֮ҪһЩӵй͵硣
һ֮󣬵ȵ׼ôʮϵԪ֮󣬴˴͵˵硣

³ǶڴһƽһµĽɫӡȴǲǰΪһ룬޷ٳˡ
޷ηеϲȻһźһѾǾˣǵϲƺܲŮǰȻһֶֿ֮ΣһֻԪһĿˣЯԼһ˿ʶ߳ԼŮ档
һĻԼһ£ԼһæһֱԼôһرĻᣬȻǸоá
ʱƵĻоצԪȼҲﵽϣȻҲ޷룬ͬѵ¡¡ÿܿҲһһĿܳϲ˵ֿתһʶĿܷóġ
ֱӽ˵㣬͵¡ʦԼϲ˵˻һ˴˲ٺóԵģֻʦƽ̨𣬵¡ʦʮ˸У̾ܺ;צѼ棬õ¡ʦܸˣڵ¡ʦͨˣıϲ֮¶ˣԺܿס
е鶼ʢ˥Ʋʦ۷̫ˣҲһЩˣһλһЩϣֻ˱۾˽̩̹˵ķӡһ鷳Ϊ̩̹̫ǿ֮޷߳Ԫ磬ԵһʦŽūۣͼݵѹû뵽˷ӡҵͱӡʮ֮ķŭ֮͵֮⣬Ȼȫ˳һǻƽһ嶼Σˡ¡ʦ˵һҲпһȷھһͷ̫ʢԭԪѾһһռ죬ҪȻѡ񳼷˭ֹһ壿
ƽһ嶼޷;˿⣬ôԼ
ƽһ̫԰һǲģһǿ϶סˣԪ缸Ѿݣʦƽ̨٣ʥʹҲ𣬵ԪĻʯҲѾֵڶԪˣƽһ岻뱻˿˴֣϶ֻ֣δӮδһƬҾƣǶ˵ҲһᣬչΪԪΪԼȡһ˿Ļᡣ¡ʦ˵Ҹ档


ʮ 벻ķÿ
е֮ҲˣǾʱһ϶ûʱԼˣΪҪȥԸƽһ壬յһ׳ԼĻᣬץסᣬȵһǱߵ鷳ͷ϶ԸԼʱǺ;һȫսʱ
ò˵ֿԺܴ
룬͸¶ҪȥƽһŪ⿪ӡԿ׵뷨¡ʦһҲϸ˵ʵұܾˣȷҪȥһ˿ϣҲȥˣҰͲȥǶ㣬ҲȥΪ̫ΣˣƽһǿԳ󣬰˱۾ʹ޵ľǻƽһ壬֪Ϊʲôôʱ䶼ûȥԸƽһ壿Ϊ˱۾ûаգֻнĹžųкͻƽһ忹
뿪֮¡ʦĻԪһ޴ѣܶѡ񳼷ֻžһԽԽǿԽԽ⡣
ڻƽ³һǰ˺ǺĴطеܵ¶̨ƽ̨ϣ磬һĿɿڴ
̫ˣȫǶյúþӪĻһѵıͷչԼʵҾǿｨһʵңһЩ칤ҲǱߵɭʿ˵³ǵĸ֮һͻרңһ˵вپɭʿĿƼ˲š
ûû⣬ȴж̬ϵͳһкܸߵоֵ˵ǿ﷢ָԪغͲϡҲǵͷ˵
ϼǣǣΪգ˵õṥ˵ֻҪӪõｫΪǿͼ̵ĴӪͺܡ
ԽԽΣգҶ뽫ǺʨǶǨƵˣϼʱ˵ֻһ֪ǲ򲻵Ѳܲõģԭܼ򵥣Ͼǵ磬û⣬ʲ涼˵Ҫ»Ǽۼص඼ǨƹҲǲܵ飬Ͻ˿ڣѾͻϣĻôܶǨƹ͵ԪĲ
˵ǵصʱܱ͵ҲֻѾˡ
ô綼һµأһзչǱء
ʱѾ뿪³ǣȥˣҲûţ˵㣬ϾкܶǿһЩĺʯսʿһЩڵ³ǵ
˵ʵ˵³ôһ޴أԼ֪ôӪ﷢ãֵкܶóڣȻ˺ʯͷ죬߶ԷҪúñԼˡ
һʱﷴûţ˶Ǹæģϼ뷨ӹյĵͼȻй滮ںɭʿоһЩеĿʯϣ˶æòɿϧϣȻķȻͻ˵硣
ִҪڵһ˵Ҫ޸ʯ֮˴սصƻ
ص֮һͳ㱨
һ˵Ҫ˵ѣڳǱѾСʱˣ⣬⻹һﵽԪĸ֣
һ㶣Ȼ֪Щͳ첻㱨ЩϾԼҲ˭ܼģȻԷԪĸ֣Է
ֻʲôҪԼ
һ˵ˣһЩ壬ʶк֮£ýԼȥȻΪϼǵĹѾ൱ˣרŵж׼򣬽ÿ˰õΪڷʱԵһʱƾƣ˿ںܶطŽʿֳ;ѻǹľѻ֣ҲϰﵽԪļľӢսʿȻڳǱﲼùܶΧ͹ҪҲڵķЩ
û˸ΪԷǵˣһԪԲǽܶԸġ˿ټĴ룬վһˣ֮⣬ĽǹսʿҲΪ˼Ǹˡ

һսʿˢˢվֱ񣬴˿Ѿϵͳ˧ǽΪҳϵ׷ߡ
֮˿վǸˣԷԼȥЩ죬ֻһʱûϳԷ˭
ȥԸ˭Ҫһе׼ǵˣôȷԷ뿪ڵоԵŶԸԪĸ֡
£ʱųǰ˵ң
վڴ˴˿ȴǷ˺ǺЦݣȻŤͷһ㶣ʶˣҵѡ
ˣȻѾߣӴʧٵĲֲøղſӰоЩϤһμԷɽڵԨڣǸʱĲǾ̬ﵽʮ׸߶ȵǿˡ
˿̣ĲָΣǰȥûʲôԸоԷ̬Щ⣬˵ʲôо֮ǺǰǸĲЩһˡ
Ȼǿ˺ܶ࣬ҾȻĽӡǿˣ˲ʵ˲𣡡Ĳ֮Ҳ´˼ۣȻ˵óԷһ仰ĵ̾гһ˿ϲúͼ
ĲŮأˣҲɣڿĲһ˲䣬Ѿս׼ĲȻǰĳǶԷǸŮ˿Ҳʵ뵽磬͵͵ŭ֮ӡֲԼڵļһһʼԼûаģȻǽԷΪ˵ˡ
ĲȻˣȷٷ֮ܵǸŮ˵ָʹȻҪ׼Σճ̶ȣԲʯ֮Ҫǿ
ĻĲ̾˿ҡҡͷûһЩҲûӣĳ̫ˣǸʱ㣬ֻȴǽҪһöӡǿˣļƻпܣܽöӡǻ𣿡
Ĳ˰죬ȷԷڿЦȻһЦʵĲŮʲôôҿܽӡǻ𣿡
Ĳ⻰촽˶û˵ȻҲ֪һԸ顣
ôҾ˵˵°ɣǸ㣬˱۾Ѿע⵽ˣɱʯ֮¾Բס㻹ɵ֮ս˹˱۾Ѿ㵱˾޴в죬ͻžĳʮǡ


ʮ ʱ
ϢƤһҲס졣
ž֮ʮһԽԼɨˣֻʮеսҲܶԸž֮ôƶƲȥһ
ŵ˵˷ŭ֮ӡǣʯ֮ӡǣԶԸһž֮㲻ͬʱԸҪǣž֮Ҫʯ֮ˣ
ĲĻţ֪ĵǸزԼǣʨǣ³ǺۼضһȻӵе˿ڻӴ󣬵Ǻʮľ˴Ȳ˿ɲһ㣬Щ˴вȫǾɣо󲿷ֶţĵսɱȲ϶Է˵ովһսྫߣѾԪҩǵ˺ܶ࣬ҪڶʱپһսҲ㡣
һһĲĲΪʲôϢңǶҼ׼ʱ䣬ʲôĿģ㲻ֱ˵
ȻΪϢǼٵģҲϤĲӶԷ˵Ͽⲻ˵ѣž֮ҪǵӦˡͬĲ϶˾ָʹŮһʲôƻĲ͸¶غԼһϢ˽⣬Է϶Ӧһ鷳İ취ܿԼӦԷĳԸæֻĲźϺ߼
Ĳ˵ͷ͸¶һ˿ͣԶж
˵ĳ޺ܴ󣬶ĳ˭ӦҲ֪ͬҲˣǸ۾˵ĳҲٶ٣ԱĸԸֻǶ۾˵ǿ󲢲Ȱ˱۾˲٣ǾһʦͨеľΪ޵еĴڡ£ǺһıͬĵˣΪʲôһ𡭡Ĳû˵꣬ͱˣϣŮ͵͵ӣҲϣûˢӣѾŮ˵Ŀ˰ɣ
һεľӡ¼ѾˣҪǷŭ֮ӡǣȻҪضļȻԼһʺϵļ壬ҪȻҲҵԼȻ뷨ӸԼӡǡ
ƻģǵȵӡǼȻԼʶΪĹߡֻ˭뵽ԼȻûбӡǿƣ෴ӡǷ˻꿨ǵõ˵¡ʦϲİ׿˷ŭ֮ӡǡ
ԶھŮˣûһøУԷΪ˸
֪гɼȴܰΧҪȥһæξȫԼԸ⣬͸ߣԸ⣬͵ûĲ˵꣬Ҫ뿪üͷһ壬ĲͲʶڵ
Ĳһȴͣ˽Ųֻûлͷǿ侲ô
ܺãҲ㣡ʵ˵ĲƣҲվĶ棬޾ԣδûа취Ĳ
ֶ֮һǻ꿨طͽӡǷ꿨ֶΣ㿴Ĳ̬ȣԷԾĲռ壬ôͽֶط̸뷨ӿڵӡǣĲѾӡռ壬ֻǹһԼϤǣôͲٿһ㡣
ղһ仰ĲԣȻĲıռ壬ҪȻҲֳ̬ȡ
ܺãĲ̾˿ȻȻȻ˳ȥ
̽Ľͷ죬ٷԸ˼£ȻĲ뿪һζԷ׳ն֪ҲȥҧΪ¹أ¹࣬±Ҫ
ž֮ʮ˴٣ôԼֽ֣֮ܲҪȥǾ羿ʲô㡣
ĲٶȺܿ죬Ȼߣգ֮ɽȥٶҲʮҵľţôһ·ǡ
棬ĲȻǼһſƬһֻ׶೤ӥ޷Ǵ߶צͬС
һ·ôһǰһн֪ҪȥʲôطֻҲ£ĿǰʵǾҪԼҲҪοԷʲô˼һξԲ
ܿ죬ͷһ⡣
Ǵ˿̾ȻǷȥһʼֻΪɺϣǺܿ죬ǵķǰƽϣǷȥ
Ԫѷ֮󣬾ĳѾĽأһͬ塣
˵ǣȻһʼŸָĹˣԪҰޣʱƣĽṹҲű仯
ȥһʱһֱ˼ǣĳһ徹ȻǷչ׳󣬽ĹȫϳǷ档
Щ˾֮Ľͱ죬˿ѾһΪӴȺʶرǿһ㲻̤ǵĳ泲ΧȻҲ룬һߣЩ˾ͻᷢҵĽ
ǺʨҲ̽ЩͳˣǷǳǿֻȴǴӲ뿪ǷΧҲûбвֻ˲ϼӡ
Щ鱨˻㱨ԿĲȻǽȻǾޱȡ
еٶȺܿ죬һͽǷΧ¿Կǵĵ棬˿̶һ̺ͬһĶǳ泲Χλãż޴ĳ
ЩӦһЩԭĴ¥лʰĽ˿̿ȥͬһƤ׶һЩִͬѪһ㲻ӿ
Ե㣬ĳʮÿһΧֻгѲߡ
Щг˷ǳǿǼӲļ׿ǺͷǿķߺÿһﵽԪļˮ׼
ϣкܶ˱ߡ
ĳѾǰֻļ̬˿̵ĳ˾ܽѾǱһʵѾǳӣ̬죬һĳӣ峤ʮףºɫļ׿ͬһ㣬ǾԪڵȥҲ䲻һǡ
־ͺڼ׳ʵͬﵽԪļԪļ۷塣
һĳĲƺЩеĳӣֱӷӶЩеĳǶĲȴûκιƺֻǽ䱸
üͷһ壬һ壬ôʣֶ̫׾ˣΪֻﵽԪļĳӾͿԶԼ
ǲսӦԣҪ֪ڵʵȸ߼ʦҪ
뷨ⲻ̫壬ĲôԼǣЩײѪķɳ澹ȻҲɻֻǸŹȥ


ʮ ֮
Ĳ뵽Ǹ޴ϵһ׶ȥҲæɹȥЩм׳ʱԸоЩԼֻһԼǣֹǽԼףһԼʧЩӾͻԥĹԼ
ֲַĳ泲Ѿǵһˣûиоʲôڣ෴ٻ䡣
ͬǣõѸշʱҪ飬ȻûʲôԼﵽԪļ֮Ѿ֮ãⲻˣҲڳ泲õ˴Ͷ
ԭڽԪļʱҲôͶ׳ԪļԪ弶ڣȻʧˡ
Ԫ⣬ԪĵȼǷǳɭϵģԪһԪûʲôһﵽԪļǾʱˣҲ˵ͶıֻԪһļ׳棬޷Ԫļڵġ
֮飬һйȻвͨԪļǿֱӵֵ˼ĿƣҪǵʱʱ֣ͶᱻԪļǿԪɱ
ֻǽѳԼĻڿ䵱Уһ·һ·˿̽泲뵽顣
ǰĲȻǰߣѾγڣ·ĳ־ĳ壬Сһܻᱻŷ裬ȴ˿塣
·ϣ꿨ͿӡǵķʶԵķʽ뵽һſƬȻҵһᣬ˦ֶǰĲ
ĲһץͽƬס¶֮ɫȻ֪׳ĿƬʲôֻ߷ĹߣȻǲҪ˵̫ףֻҪĲһ˿ԸƵ˼ֻҪ˼Ϳ϶Լİ취ӡǣʱŮ˾һұۡ
û˵Ĳ룬ȽƬպãȻ·
һǰһڳѨʮӣǴﵽλãԭ¥ѾĳִиʴĳҺʴˣֳһߴ׵пո֣пյ򣬻һֱٴﵽʮ׵ľ޴״ӣⲿĳβ״ĳĳϣȻʮ޴ÿһӵпװһ󿨳˿Կһ״ӰֻΪ͹ߵԭ򿴵ĲС
Źֵĳ֮⣬˾磬Ůվųƺڳ񣬶һߣ˼ӣ⼸ӾǷǳ߼ĳ壬ǵԪȼԪļﵽԪ弶ı׼Уһ·ЫӣӨ͸ĳӣﵽԪ
ڳ嵱УԪʵǿģȻڵĳһͷĻôʣ͸ĴЫӡ
ǰĳЩ죬⾰ô֮ڣǸϣĳʲô
ʺܶ࣬ţܿԼܵõ𰸣Ϊ뷽跨ԼʲôҪõԼ
ƺ˽ŲͷһۣĲԷ˵ͷ˵һ߲˵
ϵĵǸһӡǵߵʧ󣬲˵Ҳ˵õ˾޴ĺôϸ˵Ǽӵİ㡣ͷһ䣬ǳЦ˵ӣ޷ǸԼĺŮϵһ
֪ģŮ˿ȥƯǾһ㶼ºֵʱ򣬱˭ֶڡ
ƤЦⲻЦĵһллඣ˵ɣʲô£ҵʱܱġ
ΪȻǶԷżԼǾöԷȱ¶ͼɡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴǶ׿ıӦý˵˰ɣ֪ҵݣܵõһµļƻң֮Ǽ򶼽˹ƣľӪһж֮ЩС³Ҳǳңӹһ٣Ǹʱʲô
ЦЦȴǺĵҵ£ʲôϵ
һ仰ֱҭþЩΪţܵ޴ѹʱͿԽöԷԼһЩ飬ڿĻҪѲһЩ
ѵĴԴУҲ׿ıˡ粻ĵһ䣬ͬʱҪıϿһЩֻʧˣһνӡ
˵ˣҵ£Ҳ㣬ѵʲôڵľӡǣһ䣬Ȼɫһ䣬Ȼȷ൱档
˺ܾãû뵽⣬ֹž֮ӡΪǿһԷڣԷԻᱻƣ˵ʱֻһԪ弶ĴڣԪԪ߼֣žӡǿҲǺ顣
ƫƫһξ̥ǿĹž֮ӡǷǵûпƶԷ෴Էơ
ڿԿƹžӡ£ʵϾ粢İԼھһͬǹž֮ӡǣ֮ͬһЩֶοסһǾ֪Լľǳ棬̼ǲܸƣʲô
Ȼ粻֪ȷһ㣬ǾõķԺһֻȴһǾǳΪӡǵˡ
û˵ǺǺһЦȻǲص㣬صǣֲӡ֮һԵɺϵĽ뵽˵磬֮Ȥ飬ӡֻһȤǣڵѾΪҵĺ԰ʱ䣬ȥͣ
ȻҪԷȥַֻͣʽ߾磬ԼѾ·ĿǰӵеҪ޴ٱĿǰ˸⣬Ҳ˵¾
£Щɫϸ룬ȻȻһЦ¶һСŮĺͽɫˣһξӮһ֣һο԰˽鷳ֻҪһæҲԽˣͬԿˣһӦϣ˵ʵҼȤҲѲˡ
˵ʵھ¶ǸСŮ̬ʱô侲Ҳһ˿ʧ񣬲ò˵⾰ʵǺڷ¶壬һŮе
ָܿ˹ĿѾﵽǾҪ߶ԷԼûкУҲǷҪ㾰æܶȹΣȻҲ֪˴Ҳܽ˶ǨƵ磬Ҫ֪ˣѾйģľۼأӲʩǰ᲻ߵģҲ뾡취Ҫļʦֻƿ޷ҪȻļԵѹҲСܶࡣ


ʮ ˮ
˼Ƭ̣һν̬
˵˵ôңûʶԷҪԼʲôæʶԷΪԼʲôһֲԣǾҪöԷȽóԷʲôأͻǳΪ˵һǷǳˣŻѡȥ
ƺǿ˼΢΢һЦȻŤͷǸ͸Ы˵һŹֵԣ͸Ыӷһ˻УֻȵĳӾһ˳ŤͷһͫһǿѹԪղһ¾Ϳʧ̬
Ϊϵñˡ
ڳӱϵ˴һЩİۣݼһͷԳݣȻɯǸһЩĻƽһŮӣһμǱһǣڶڵ磬Է˻ƽһĺգ֪֣Ҳ֪һļʦǵμ档
ΪϷԵǣȻ¼棬Ȼɯ˿̻˹ȥ˫Ŀգ֪ɯսǿǿһļʦ
ļʦѾǳӽʦļޣ弶˵ļʦѾԪڵǿʦˣڴ弶ֻڴ˵вŻ֡
Ϊļʦɯôᱻץô붼벻׵顣
һ˲ͷȴǲ㶣°ãǾ˾Ȼע⵽Լ쳣Ȼ֪Լʶɯ֪ȻҪЮԼȻɯֻΣԷʲô飬϶Թۣɯǻƽһˡ
ںܾǰɯ˺ӡҪһɣǾоԼǷ˶ԷһЩ
Ȼ۲ϸ΢̷Ծתȴ뵽һ취¶һŮģƬ̺šȻ񡯣һ˿˿Ρ
ЩȻĽ뵽Ĺ۲죬תղıֵ֣ĵҲƽһŮӵȷеľɫκ˿ʧ
ʱеһ˿˿ɣȻҪĶ
ǺһЦĪǣǴ㽫Ů͸ңϧŮȻЩǲϧ񡣡
Ȼֻ֪֪Ů˵ݣʵ
ȻװͿһҡҡͷ˭
΢¶ЦݣǻƽһˣҿӵλͣΪץǺķ˲˼һ£ԴȻһЩ˴صƽһ壬ƽһ嶨ȻΪǾ˶ǵƣ֮ǰƽһ岢ûг֣˱۾˺Ͷ۾Ҳǻƽһ壬˫ֻǻ۲죬ﵽһƽ⣬Ϊˣ˲ŻԸ㣬ƽһ巢Ů˱ɱȻᱩŭʱ϶;˷ȫսʱһôйȥǣҵļƻˮ˫ұ֮
ò˵ƻ൱Ĵİ˵ôУôƽһ϶;һһһĴսʱһҪרĶԸƽһ壬ȻֳܷžʮԼǸʱпܶԷֻһЩСĲӣֱӷһԼߵΣͽˡ
ҲΪƻ൱ǣɯ
ƽһŮûκ˽⣬ǼˣҲҪһɣԸΪɯԼдãһߺգƽһ岢ûٶԼ׷ɱ͹ȻɯãɯڣͿԼ赲һ»ƽһ塣
Ҳȷϣ˿̽ɫԵһ£ɯԼôҲԼ
һָоΪɯѪָо˵
˼ǧҲֻգ֮䣬˿ȴҡҡͷžƻƲ̫һ¶ǵľͲֻǾһˣлƽһ壬ʱֻܹڵ粻㣬Ԫ綼û֮ˡ
˵⻰ɲթԷпܵģϾƽһɲôúŪģһҲɵӣܲܽһϷԲһѵս
һҲǵ˵ͷʮ˿˿㵣ĵĲ޵ֻҵֶΣµĿԻǺܴģҾƽһ;һܷ֣ҲԻỨѺܳʱ䣬ʱѾҪپǣ෴ǸʱǸþˣ
˵¶˺òЭףȻǸ۾˵ĳ൱ǿҡ
ֻϵͷżޱȣڶԷɵ±סɯҲҪǽΣ
ʱעǰδеļУͷ֣ܿ죬һɯȴһۿԷΧһɼΪϸСԪԪԿƴڵģҲֻ󿨴ʦܷ֣Էֲˡ
ҽ˷ʲôı飬ֱǰȥ
ʲôһ㶣ȻͻȻľٶ
ûʲôֻҷһЩԼ״̬ȴһץ㼯һǿԪָӾɯĿץһŽ󿨡
˲䣬һСͿ֣ȻһδĿ澹Ȼʮ䣬ʮῨᡣ
ЩʮϸС̬ǸУһִ洢ռ䣬ɯߵκεطʦȡ
˿ȻƿһЩܿǿķ̷ЧղЩʧ·ռ֮Źرһ
ֻһ˲㹻ˡ
Ȼֶ統󾪣߹ҿֲʲôȴǼæղô£
˿ѾðһƻƻȻôٿԱסɯ
װ˵ӣήҵ֪һʦղǸоһ˿ԪԲʦֶγ˿һ󿨣ͷǸ洢ռ䣬֪һĿֶҪЯκο俨ƬҪʱȴǿκεطȡǸռĶƽһŮӦһʦֻҪŮһ˭޷ٴǸռ䣬ȡĶ
˵Ļû˿ֻ˵Щ㹻ˣΪƵȷڼԼþɱˣᡣ
õľһ̰֣ղǸռ俨ĿͿᣬȻ󲿷ʶȻеļ˵ģǶĿͿᣬԼղſĶѣ˵ˡ


ʮ ˣһ
һģʵҲ֪ɱɯǸռ俨᲻᳹ʧȻôһ仰ֻҪЩп֮ģ;Բɱɯˡ
ƻһģܲܳɹ֪ΪɹĿԻǷǳġ
һ̰¾ͻңͻй˼ɡ
ԭǴƽһŮƽһ;һĴսۼղǸռ俨֮̽ǰļƻˡ
ȻֻǾһ֣Ѿ˲ټΪĿͿᣬȻĿƬҲǷƷҪЩ󣬾ͬ˵ΪƽһŮЩ޷ȡһ˷ѡ
ȻҲһֿܣǾƭ
ֻκ¶һɣȻûбҪôҪ˵ԷΪŮ˵֮ģҲûֿԣ̰ͼŮɫˣôнⷬɾͣ
ô˵ʱɱˣ˵ھҪɱŮͬ⡣
дϲȴһ㶵ô죿ƽһ;һĴսҵΣˣȻҿԱܿٻʧ
ƽһ;һĴսƻͬģŮһһӦҲ̫ѡ
Ȼ˵ͷż㲻ɱŮҲа취ƽһ;һĴսֻҪһĴۣԭǲҪģܽŮصĶõôҸһЩҲûκ⣬֪ƽһһЩؾݵ㣬Ҳлƽһˣ޵Ĵоǰȥɱǣ㲻ǶԻƽһսֻܵľʿȫǼžǾԲȥҪİΪû㣬Ҿ޷ӵȫҵľӣ
ʣ罫Ҫεİһ𣬶ɱʾֱɱǸƽһŮ˲һ˰ˣ޵ıҪһ߲ͬ⡣
ķӦʲô˵ֱͬ˾Ľ飬ǻɵŮ̲ɣ¾ôһϣ绹汻Ūȥˡ
ȥϼӿܣǼֻӷԸһЩӾȻǿһ㣬ɯ뿪ԴżΪղǸ󿨵ͬʱֲԼһ󿨣һɯʲôطԸӦŮ˺ȻûмԷʵ֪ʯ֮ҲδǿùڼԼں;ҲʱѣҪҲڡ
ָָǸϵĳˮͬԻ϶ԣǽսҲģĳжʮ߸ÿһֻҪʱ䣬ͿԷǧֻս棬ֻǷҲҪǿԪˮҲ֪սȻĳܶ࣬һЩǿɲ˺ܶ࣬ңͿ׻ɱǧս棬Һˮѣңҵǿ˴Ҳﵮ
ŶԷĽû˵Ȼ绹û˵ꡣ
Ҫǿľ˴ȴҪһЩ磬ž֮ѪҺѪҺԽ࣬ľսʿԽǿֻңֻܸһ־֮ѪҺľȻǿ󣬵ﲻҵҪҵ㡣綢ĪĹʡ
ҪҵѪҺһˣΪǿǿ˴ҪԼڷŭ֮ѪҺ
ԣǲģʯ֮ѪҺ֪Ǹ޴ĹžѾɵˣʬǺöֻҪһѪҺӦûɣЦһ֣һֻīΪŹֵĳ˹һĹӣ
ֻҪʯ֮ѪҺͿԽѪҺ͵ֻҪ̶̼Сʱһǿǿ˾ͻᵮ˵¶һ˿ȡ
ûжֻǶŶԷ˼µĵʧ
Ȼ⾰һʼھ˵µ֪ܸ㽨Լһ֧˴ΪѾﻮ˺ܾã˵ǵĳˣԾͲһʱ䡣
ˮӦþǸӨ͸͸ЫӣҶԷȻӵֿԿٷĳ
ҲԪ
ôҪҪͶԷˣһҪǵ⡣µƺΣһǿѾʶˣʦƽ̨ǿҲĸž֮ݻ٣ݾ˵ȥѾԼɵʯ֮ˣԷ߸ž֮һȷԼܿġ˵°˱۾ѾԼλԷĽԼ֮Ҫǵġ
ԣ;ˣȻ뻢ıƤȴΨһѡ񣬲ȻĻԼֻܴˣ˵硣
Ƭ֮˾ȴǵ˵ͷͬļƻֻȻˣԼ㲻ҪԸһͻƽһ壬Ҫŭ𡣡
һ仰ͷųԼеɱ
ɱһ֣澰ɫ΢䣬еĳӶٴУһЩûʲô̵ս棬˼ɹŵ÷һ˳
չֳҲһ塣
ɱĿ죬ɢҲ죬пָһЩѪҺǸӱһڣͬʱȡһſʯ֮ѪҺһƿʯ֮ѪҺҲ˽ȥ
Щֻһ裡˵
ʱֻЩҪͻϮƽһһСݵ㣬һľ˾㹻ˣҲһԸ̫ѪҺֱӾܾ֮ȻЩ⣬Ҳ֪²û⣬Ҳô
еעϣʱҲһ䣺Ķʲô
ˣһ仰û뵽ľȻֻ࣬ҲҪǿˣȻҪԭ壬;к֮ܶԽ˽ȥ
ϣٹʮʮǾ˵нʮˣվ˵ͬжʮ߸һԱץĻ˾ʹﵽǧ
ǧ˾ôƷȻ֪磬ǿʳҲЩ𺳣ֻܾǣĺݣ¸ƿصġ
ʱ˿泲ĳӣҪֳ֣һˮĳͷ죬ЩԾǻۣսǿģһս棬רŸսӵм̵ļ׿Ǻͷĳ֫Ȼս沢û̫


ʮ ˣ
Ӧһ£ЩսһЩԪļҲһЩԪʱͻȻðһͷ
ȻĽڲ֪ͬеĹؼȻͳйϵ
ôԼΪʲôͶ͵͵ų뷨泲ֻҪôͶҲһԪȼô˵ͿԼԪļԪ弶ڡ
뵽ַΪڳһС俨󣬼ûκԪ֮͵͵Ͷ俨ʱǿѰҽͽ;
ͶԳʱûг֣˿һʮֻԾǺܿ췢ǳ泲Ȼһ£뵽µľ̺УĳͶܴ˵ͶĸͷСģټǳ泲ȥ۵ĳӸû˵ע⣬ˮҲûС
ӵ֯ϵģҲ˵ͼĳϤǸ߼ĳ壬߼ĳ壬Ϥеĵͼ壬˵ͼʵϺͽµһôЩ߼弴Ƿϣôȥ⣿
ܿ죬ͶһӦ»ֻһһʼδ顣
ǾȻ͵͵ս档
ͳףֻг֧֫ս֫һ̵ĳףֻλûг׸ǣ˷ͬһĳ֫ǻӵопֲҧݣϸ飬Ǹܱҧҧ顣
ֻﵽԪս棬ʮ׿⸺Ѳߣͬûע⵽ĴͶ
ʱ򣬴ͶͻȻӿٶսϣȻڶԷûзӦʱ򣬿ٴսķ϶˽ȥٶȼ졣
˵ʵһĻЩŵԼŴҲֻѰҽͽĻᣬû뵽һô󵨣ֱս
ֻܼ
ܣҪȻͶҲôʲô춯ȴһֱעֻս档һʼһ£Ǻܿû˶ֻˮƺ˿Ҳûм⣬ȻûзʲôŹ֡
ľӹģҲͦȻڶƤӵ¼˵ڳ泲һˮ뵽󺣵УԼһʼע⣬֮Ҳ˿о쳣
һȤ飬泲ʱĽݱ䣬Ѿûһʼּ׳ˣ˵ЩĳӣǵеġǰˣҲǳûзֵĹؼ
嶼ûз͸˵Ǿˣ˿עעϣŻֹž֮ѪҺ֮󣬵һǿ˻ʲôӡ
ͻȻϵЩеĿʼֹͣ䶯ƤʼǣӲصһѿһ޴Ӱӿ¡
ʼµ߰˸Ӱվֱӣһʮϵߣʮִ׳޴һ˿֮£ϵļֱͬһ˿ֱȾе̾˻ҪײС
߰˸µľ˵Уһرǿ׳ģϵƤȻǳֳһ״ЩһƤȻɼӲʯͷʵأ֮⣬˵ʮָʮּͬһ㣬һ־ɢΪǿԪΧҲ֮档
֮󣬿һˣȻݶ¡
Ԫܺãܺãǿǿˣʮָˣ⼸Ů˿̶˳ӵվһߡ
ԽԽɫӲ飬ʮǿһһ£ǵͻûЩʮףʮ׵ľ˸ߴ󣬵ʵȴǾԲСһʮˣǿľǸղǸﵽԪľˣʣµģȻһﵽԪ弶ĳ̶ȣʣµȫԪļ۷塣
һսԿԺɨԪˣһЩǿĶʵܳôǿߡ
֣Щ˾ȻһΪײе
Ǿǡ񱩡
˿񱩣ǴԼŭ֮ѪҺõ֮ǵͻһϣеģӲʯǴʯ֮õϻ᳤ĵ档
Ѿ֪Ҳ϶һöӡǣ⣬ӦþǴ˵Ϲžսսž֮֮һ֮
һڵķŭ֮Ҳ֪羿ǵõʲôȻǵõž֮ӡǣԼԼһʵӸࡣ
£Ѿӵ˵һǿʵľ˾ӣһɾӣҪȥͻϮƽһƵľݵ㣬Ȼɴƽһ;һĴս
Ҵµ֣սУԺǵָӹ٣Ǹǿ˵
߸ǳ
Ǿ簲Ÿʮ˴Ϻ;һһģһףЩ׷ʮ⣬һ۾ϳڰ˱۾˴еĳԱΪڲһҪ㵽Щһװ£׼
ܿ죬һսʿͱǲ˳ȥִͻϮ񣬶վ˵죬ͿֱӽƽһǸݵ㹥ƣʱƽһԻŭɶ϶ԾһȫսʱǱߵΣҲͽˡ
ֱʱ΢˿ֻҲܺ棬ʲôԵõЩ˵ָȨȻǻеĻܣԷȻԼ
ҪôһսʿҪķǵѪҪķѾ޴Ԫ֪ҪάһҪԪһԪһΧҿ˽ˣԽҪṩѪҺ˵
ּĸ˵ڵѪѾﵽ˱̬ĳ̶ȣÿĴѪҲ޲֮ǰ̶õ˵Եͷͬ⡣
õȵ죬ļƻʧˣ߾һ߷ôǵĽ׾ʧЧҲṩκζ˵ǰ棬˿ȴǿһЦģԳɹҪȵҲԣҲҪһЩ׼ȷƽһ;һԴ֡
˵꣬ǱߵĲ˸ƣ˾Ȼֱ뿪ʱһ仰
Ѿˮ˵ˣʱѾǵѣ谭ǣҲ谭泲òҪǳĽ
ˣĲߵʱ򣬺Ŀһۣڿ֮ǰĿƾӡǵطûн˵˵֮ǰĶˣҲԼھŮ߰һʱը
ȴһֱûֹͣԴͶĹע


ʮ Ƴ
Ͷս֮Ѿǳ׵Ŀս棬û巢֣֪һҪʲôջǣǼڳ泲ǵĴ㡣
һĸ߼壬ȻҲ뿪ֻûֱ뿪ǣַһ俨ȻУԺ׵ĸӦͶ
ȻŪһʲô
˵Ͷֻսںǻȡ泲Ĵ󲿷Ϣʵ֪Ƿǳ򵥵ֽϵȺ壬ͬѪһӵйϳģȻڳĵλܸߡ
ʵϾʱĽݱ䣬ʹһļ׳棬ΪĸãѾ󲿷һʱ䣬֮ļ׳Ѿ̭ݱ͵ĳ塣
Щ͵ĳԽṹӺݸֲͬҪ˲ͬĳ壬еǲ߱ǿսġ桯רŸ𹹽޴̺ճҺ˳Ѻ޽޴ĳ
Щǳ泲ĻʯҲĳӣ֮⣬רŸսġս桯
ЩսеĿԷУеͶһֻóսҲһЩս棬սļֵǱ泲ǳΪǿ
ĳǻ͵ĳͷˣһֻˮЫӡ
Ыʵϲˮɵģֻͨ͸ԲŻᱻôƺֳǳָӹ١һĻôЩָӹپǴԡ
ڳĵλߣΪǷһгĵط
еЩϢԶ̶ǧ֮һʱͱͶգˣǵҲһЩڣǶ˼򵥵˼֪ʲô
壬ǲеһӣǽҪǵõƿΪ棬Ҳǵıܡ
ֻսҪǸֻûпһֻͳ켶ĳ巢һԶ롣
Ϊͨսǲġ
ͶҲûǿпǺܿת뿪ֻǲûоʹ˷뿪һȥ
ĳ̺ԷƶҲʱṩǿֺͲֻսһ̣ڿĳǿ
СһʲôΪͶūܸͣӦǵλãһսһҲǺĴ
˵ʵȻԼĳѾΪԾˣǰ֪徹ȻԼͬ
ܿ죬һ˵ǣﲢûͳ켶ĳ壬ֻһЩս͹ȥæ
ǵ̷ǳ򵥣ֻһζִгͷ´һ˿ɣκֵ඼Ҫ̽𣬵ֵĲ࣬ǾͲˡ
£ö֮Ľ뵽ڣȻ
һΣûгֹ֮ܳǰ˵ˣǸ߶ͳһȺκ˶ΥͷΣ泲飬ڲûκηģ⣬ʵϾһǳ©
ͶԾץס©ֻսȻмλͣ²Ͷƿ˱ǣȻֱ뵽ڡ
ǣȻǴڳ
һĻԻŵĿɿڴСһֱԼĵӻ󣬵֪ڴͶ飬ΪҪ棬ͱʵʵΨһ;
ǳĺġ
֮ԭŵͻȻ飬žžžžͬװճҺƣܶճҺ
ڶҲһֻܿͷһ˿ЩӣЩûӵļһܿͽղŵǣ¸顣
ʮӺϳһֻһǻ㼯о
ò˵ͷ泲ƿأ״Ǳһڵļͷ췢ˣɢеԪǿǳĳ
ֻܿǾ͵õĻظ
ߺųʲô£ղĲ˱仯ϻ㱨
ֻһС⣬ûκ⣡
ڳǳʵҲһ壬һ˳֪֮⣬ǲ֪ģҸղŵĻظҲԼ߼̲ٹע
ϿصȻҲ֪ŶΣƬ֮󣬳ԸͶ´һﾹȻûзӦ
ͬʱǸߺųڣðһСǳٵ䶯ֻʮӣͷһս档
սսһֻͷ룬״ӡǡ
ٷɳȻ֮ȥȿսʱ򣬻ΪֻɷɹǵԷһͷԼõ俨к֪Լˡ
ֻսûκιĶǳ˵ˡ
û˵ˣԣȻӲȻɳƵͳȥĳаȻĶԡ
ȫߺųϷģĸСʱͿԳ׿ߺųǷս˵Ļֱ׵Ŀɿڴ˰졣
ãʵô˵
ʮֹĵ⣬˭ս̵˳ıһЩĹصҵķϵͳ˸죬ҿԷ
һ㣬ɺͿܿս֪龭˵˵ǳ򵥣Ϊ汾ܣڣҲɹˣǿ󣬵ʵϸ޷ֵͼ׳ļ֮󣬴ͶǻҲõ˿ǰҲ֪Ŀǰ鷳ȻһҲڵ裬һͿٲ
Ϊһ֪£϶̶չԵĹ߷и߻رһͶƨȣһô˵һô顣
һ£ӵһͿԷս棬ǿ˽װսսǿģȴְսʿ
˵Ҳһ޴
ЩǾȣҲܸˣȻԼǻۣǰȫܺԼһһϸ˵ǶѾƳͨ·Լ壬ȻǼ˾޴һηĴʵȻǾ춯صġ
ǴͶķֹԺǿĸڣǻ䵱һ


ڰʮ 
ȻʹóзͽҲҪǿԪģֱӿṩԪɳķսΪҪԪΪͶûֶû㹻ԪҪһ⡣
֪ȻǶ˵ֱȡһ䣬ֻͨɫǰɱĳ˵õˣֿͬкܶࡣ˿ļҵ׿νǷҪֻ֪ӵۼأЩۼعǹϽҪ˰ѵģ˰ѾԪȻеʱԪܻãԪһ֣Ԫﵽ˶ʮţ˿ȴһȫǸͨȻ󽻸Ǹս׳档
߳һŹֵĳ̷֮ɻߺų֮ڡ
ԭأȻǴͶҪԪôԼԾܵṩΪ֪Լһײ˴ˣû뵽һξǸƻŮ˼ӵİﵽԼԼ֮ڣΪˣԼܷųͶִܷͶǱڵȻԼͳڡ
ͶļƻԴɣôǵõһǱ޴İ֣Ȼִ˿̻СţֻҪʱ䣬˵ԺʤΪǵĴڶԼ
ԸʮԪ˵һ׬
õһԪ֮ԭЩֹͣߺųֿʼ˷ΪƳǶ˿ҪĿľǷһսǻ͵ĳǾǴֻػӶö׿ƳȻĸ档
ǳԭֻͣҪĸڣôԺԵκһط½һȻ˿ڿߺų֮Ѿ֪ǲһֱͣΪϾǵأΧǿޱȵĳ塣˿̶Ѿ֪Щʵս͵ս棬м׳½ս棬ʹﵽ˰
˿ЩӴĳӣǶĳ泲С
һЩӷǵֺͼǿһսػȻҲ򼶵սԿʱҲǱɡ
ˣŻѡԼĸ棬ĸ޷սֻȽսͳѵѡ
˶ʮԪЩпʵ֣Ҫֻʱѡ
ʱһһĹȥڿе俨ȴϢ¶˵Ҳش󣬴ͶļƻһɹôԼǵõһǰδеİ֡
ܿ죬СʱȥʼӲɫȻѶ
˿̵ĴǰȫͬڵеΣȻ󲿷ֻǳӵ̬Ӳĳףļ̣һԺɫڱȥſ¶˫ٷУ֮⣬ż׵ǾȻһǼ̵βͣβһһڵĳɣϣʮּ˦β֮ǿһ
ͷźʵĳףͬһͷʮ䡣
֮ɢԪȻǴﵽԪ۷ĴڣڳҲǶˡ
֮󣬶Ƶķһ䶯һǶı壬ҲҪĸ档
ֺû뿪ֻΧͼս͹涼ԴѣΪǻʵĳ
ԶһųڣǸˮͬЫһĳ˿̷һ˻С
ֵһֻô󣬵Ҫҳǵһг֮κεĳֻҵյãϤ泲ϤԪ磡ˮ˵꣬ϰֻ̧һСߺųЩСһֳеӪƷ
ϾҪͷҲҪԴԪǳԪҲΪޣķˮ϶˿ߺųһżȻ¼Ϊʱע̫٣һʼҪӪƷ
ϰֻЩӪƷҲ֪˶ԷͼȴǷһЦ
ûоܾЩӪƷˮ֪һӴ򹷣ǻȥ
Сʱȥ
ɫѾҹɫ֮ǰѾܵûôԼ֪ڶĸ֮ǰòҪҼǷĸ棬뿪Ҳһ⣬ʱԼЭͶ
һҪǾǾȳתƵĳ泲ɯ
ôɯ;צоȻҲһЩͻļʦǲһЩܽɯȳȻѯԵõ벻ͻҲ˵
뵽ǱĻϢ
ʱȥҲҪϢҹʱеĳϢеæµߺų֮ǸѾ䶯߸Сʱǻ󳹵ֹͣ
ƿһӣճҺйðһֺ塣
ĸ棬ԻΪ壬ȻⲢս壬ԪȼֻԪҲˣûע⡣
ĸʵǶı壬ߺųҲܵĿƣһĹ̬ͶõԪȻܶ࣬ĶʮԪʣ²٣¶ǻѾ൱ֲˣܽܵ뷨̽ʣļԪȫʹãȻ󾡿ܵķս档
սҪһЩˣΪ㹻ԪṩСʱһֻ½ս׳ʮֻս׳汻˳
˿̣еԪѾľ
һжƿصУ⼸СʱʱҲûţѾһļƻһô뿪ǳ壬ҲԾȳɯ֮ͨǰֽŵĿɯλá
һСʱѾҹ賿
ܹһʮֻӡǵսߺųзɢȻһ㼯ǵʮ˺ų
ɯͱڵԼʮ׵ĳ泲һֻս濴ܣĳֶΣɯһֱԲѣΪûֶΣܿǾĹ
ҪǱ뵽ʮ˺ųڣȻԼҲԣԻᱩ¶ԼݣԼαװĺܺãº󱻾Ů֪Ҳٷ֮ٻ뵽Լϣ¶ԸһҪŮʱˣƻԼòҪ
һͲ֣ܳūͣƽߺƻ涼УΪͬ¶
ó־ûˣʱǾͷ벻ԼĽȻҲỳɣû֤ݣʱԼװģһƶͿˡ
ͬΪ壬ҪǱ뵽˵ûκ⡣
ȻҲһķգǴӣĸ棬Ѿ͵͵תƣһطֱӽĸ濨뿨䣬İȫ
˿ʮȴԼĪһСʱ֮󣬾ͿһӳŶӿ˹мӵıϻһˡ


ڰʮһ ɹ
ʮ˺ųһ޴ĳ泲˿ȴʬҰһֻս׳汻ɱЩսʬ֧飬Թǵĵ˷ǳǿײС
Щսʬ壬һЩսʬ壬Щս漸սʬ忴𣬵ϣӡǡ
ˮһʱõϢǧֻս̸ϵѺ˲ˡ
׷˲ߣǺһҲǳ壬ȴǵͽ˱ߣǵѻܲˣҪǸѣΪ˳𡣡ˮ̵õԥִУսǵشӳ泲зɳ˷ɢȥһֳߺųΪ泲ߣˮȻѾ֪Ķ⣬ȻϮĲ½ǸŮ˵ľǽߺųĳս棬Ҫ֪ף泲ʮ߸뾭ͬ⣬ߺųԷȻڡ
ߺųսܵ˺ǿĵֿһֻսеεֵսĽ룬õϢˮ̵˼ǿĳǧֻսǿ
գߺųİֻս涼ݻ٣ûһڡ
ͬʱʹԼʮֻս׳ɯѾﵽǧ⡣
һз棬ͬĦ¥ģѷɫǣֻռǸָĹ˿ѾӵҲԲɺ֮ǰͬնɵĸҪһ԰ȫΪȻ𽥽Լĳ泲
ͬ飬ԲŴյ׳ǣλƫƧΧҲûʲôǿۼأȻ࣬ûĳһֹԶǿ˵ʺϴͶչĵط
ȻҲҪԪһѾȥϼ»Ĺ֧һԪ֧ԮͶչ
Ҫ󲻸ߣֻҪͶܸԼչһĳ泲ӵǿս沿ӾͿԣеʱЩܷӵЧ൱ɹ۵ġ
ҾǿǿˣԼΪʲôԣҪ֪ƼԼ߾ԱȾǱҪǿѧרңкܶ࣬ʱ򻹲űȲһ硣
׳ǷıԵȡѾɵĸ濨ųͬһų׵սһػһԡ
Ҫչĵ̣Ǿѡɣһǧ๫ǲܷȥɣҪʲôǵս浽ҪͿԣЩһȥύģѾǰȻͬĴͶ˵
ߵ˵ͷһθģʮֻս׳棬Ǻʹ𱣻ͳķͽ
ɻԵɯûдŪΪһҪȥȥ磬Է˵һ֧ǿ˲ȥƽһľݵ㣬ɴƽһ;һȫս
¶˵Ҳ൱Ҫһ£¹Լ͵̵İΣȻ൱ģʱֻܽɯİȫͶ𣬷ʱµĳһ̽³泲ʱɯȰûˡ
һж֮ŸͶȻȷǣȻϢƬ̣Ŵҡڵ뿪Ǹȥ
˰ʱ䣬ǵĳٴУ䱸ɭϣѲߵս棬к½еĶУҪǱҲܣˮͽԵѲߵս沢ûжǷ롣
ЦЩ֪һҵʼٸԼǲôˡ
ڽʱһҲ;Լõʱ䡣
һǸڲͿһľ磬ȻɯߵѾ֪ˡ
һʱͶĿ⣬ͬ²Ů˹Ȼǵһʱ仳ԼӶԷһ˫۾ͿóҲ־羫ʵ̫ˣǰŸߣƽһŮϾͱߡ
ˮ϶ֵѱһֻĻ缸ȷɷڣҲȷˣΪ벻⣬һһУڼ¼ڲ߷ڵһֻҪ֪ȻǻҲǾȺģԼҲڶ̶̼Сʱһ㣬ǲܵ飬һûôΪǸƽһŮ俨ڶ౦ҲֿܣǾţֻЩȻҪԼԼͬԸһ˵΢ġ
һۣҪԷûʲô⣬ȻʲôҲֻܽһ˿ɰ¡
ʲô£һһ¶ɻɫʣ֪ԼʱӦʲôķӦֻܳ״Ů˵ġ
ûʲô絭˵һ䣬ȴôưոݣüͷһûʲôɣ㵱ϹǲͻϮƻʧˣ֮ǰԼͲˡ
⽫˵ϢƻϣӲԼ˿̵Ĺע㣬ȻûٻɣǵļƻܳɹҿԺȷĸ㣬ƽһ弸ѾԿ϶Ծһ忪չʱԪ綼뵽һµսУҿԳûȡ׳
һϢϵıڷ˵ʱǵΣҲͷȴ£½ȻãȻ¶һı顣
ķΪʲôɭϣһΪʲôˣ⡣
УǸƽһŮ˱ˣ綢˵ȴǿһ㶣¶һ˿ϧɫ
簵ĪڿϧǸŮصЩ￨䣿
ˣŮ˲֪ǵļƻԲӰǣڸĳŵˣȻۣȻ޹أô˵ʲôҲûá
£Ҫǿ˴Ҫ飬ͻϮȫ̲룬һǰѿؾ棬ǼЩǿ˵ʵսǳ⣬Щǿ˵ս൱ɹۣҪͨһֻʮ˾ʹݿһǸƽһľݵ㣬ٶһĻԼȫԷԾһսһЩƻҪΧɱǸ۾˱ѩҲǲܵˡ
һ뵽£һּȣ뵽걻۾Ե˺ѣǹɳ޾ͬצһи࣬Ҫƽ־ʹֻɱǸ۾ˡ
ҲûѣԪҪһңԼʵȻڵԪҲڶǺ͵Ԫ͵ڶԪһЩɲ˺ܶࡣҪһȥͱҪǿʵҲҪǿѣŮȻթգǷǳõһѡ


ڰʮ սͷĳ
Ԫ統иֵģ֮һʼֻӰԪĵԪ磬ûдһ棬Щ߸ϵǿ߲ȥ£Ͼ˱۾˿ɲǺǵġ
ǵһʵԽԽǿͷųԽԽĹžֱ֮ӻʦƽ̨֮Щԭµǿ̸оΣ
Ȼһΰ˱۾Ҫ𣬱Ϲž֮ս
ƽһ׵壬Щ߰忼ʲôʱԸ˵ʱڵԪĳһݵ㱻˴ݻˡ
ݵкܶЧڻƽһˣҲкܶҪʣÿһʱƽһ嶼һЩȡԪÿݵ㶼ὫʺԪϽɸƽһ壬ݵ㱻˴ݻ֮󣬲˺ܶˣ洢ĴʺԪһա
ڻƽһ˵һʧֱ΢Ǿһôڻƽһ˵ȴǳĴѾǵͬսˡ
ȷǾһ𣿡
ǣǵۿǵȷǾһľսʿֻа˱ӵּľսʿ
֪ˣȻ´ԭļƻǼȻ˱ǼһҶ֣ҾҪ֪ŭƽһĺҲʱ;һȫսˡ
ǣһȦô죬˹Ǻ;һս
ȻҲֿܣǲþһģ˱Ǽһ֮ǰӲŭǣǲҶԸǵĻᣬһβһ𣿾˹ôҲûϵ֮ǰȥԸ˱ҲΪûаգϾǼһǴﵽԪ˼Ĵڣ֮⣬ǻƽһûĶֻ֣ǶԸ˱ۣʵЩƵǼһѾǳ˳ˣԲָһЩ۸ֵ͵Ĵ˾ȻǶ֪¶ǿľ˲ȥݺˣ㲻һȤô٣ڶԿ˵ϣһ߼ûн˵ѣôһǿˮγΪжǾ˽ǣ˱Ǽһ϶ὫǾݵʺԪȡߣֻ˸ɵģȡЩʲôȻҪչ׳ôΪʲô֮Ͼ˵ľѾǲʵ
ǣ˵Ķԣ
⣬ɯϢ𣿡
ûС
飬Ψһһļ󿨴ʦѾﵽļʦ۷壬ֻҪٸһЩʱ֧֣пͻƵ弶ʦ澳磬һͻƵ弶ʦʱңҪɱ˱ۺĹžǺɵˣԱҵϧһдۣ

ȥɣǵĴԾһȫ濪ս
ڶԪĳ̻Ի͵еһֶۣ˵꣬һŰ۵˾͹ˡ
۵˿ȥʮᣬһͷſʵףһ˫۾ɢ͵Ľ⡣ƽһУжϵӵһ˫ɫͫľǻƽһеǿߺ͸߲㣬۵ģƽһҲֻˡ
˶ĸ߲㣬ֱǴϣϯ˾лƽһ峤
ˣ˱Ǽһɱˣ峤ƶȷģֻôЩ˼飬Ҷ벻͸еĹؼƬ̣ȻҡҡͷֵôҪ鷳ʼҪġ
ǣѾĲ£ܴͨ󣬶֪ڵֻˣϾΪ鷳һԱѵĳҪԸҪ˵
ʱ䣬ϼǶæŹ滮͹磬Ⱦͳһ˵ѣΪƽһ嶼ûгеĵ壬ȻŪεϣƽһʮǧ
ΪͼϹԱһܺõĽ취Ǿǡ
ʲôǾЩԼԼҪЭͬĬͳȨʱƺ͸Ҫͳһֻʱ⣬Ҫǣ򵥣Ҳƽķʽ
ʣõ˲ɣܿʵʩȥһûκ鷳ЩȺǵȨߺ󣬺ʹĴӦ˵۲ľⲻ֪ˮ󵰣ϧܿһһûС
ˮһıԪȴǾһ޴ĺƽٺʹңƽһڿʼԾһˣһ־ֱ֮Ӱε˾һݵ㣬ɱǧһսʿЩھһ˲ء
ȻƽһĲսըҩͰЩСûһѣе˶ѡվӣҪôǳھһ壬ҪôǼƽһֶԵõһЩȻҲһЩôĺôҲԶ׼ǿʱʹ棬ҪǿԼκһ
ô󲿷ɱľһԪĴս
ЩܼأǱ³սԲ˺ܶеսԸ֣ǲռ鱨жս֣ʡ顣
˿վһз浱Уһ߶ȳʮľ䶯Ѫ飬ճҺΧƽߣƻ滹аķʿԴڿУʮֻս׳鲼ܣܶڷĳΣĵˡ
ϢɢһЩСĹҰ޻ܣһЩǿΪǱڵĵˣڳΪʱչ
ʱóˡڣ򣬼ǴﵽԪļԪ弶Ĺҿмĳ֮󣬻ûпͱͻƽǻɱ
ŷһһҹľͳҲǼޱȣǶ׼ĵһֻҪôͶվ˽Ÿ
ʵΪ˱С壬ؿƿ˭ûиߣϾҲ֪ûаǵУһСΪϣ˵ͶսûͣȵһЩзƣʱǾǸˮ֪ˣԼҲ¡
ڣõ͵ʱҪ͵
ʮԪҪͷѪ⣬̻ܱţҪǣǴ֪ʲôʱܷá
ʱ䲻һЩǿĹɧţһһͬղţһֻͳʮ׿Էе޷˹Ҫþ޴˺ҧеĳ
ʱȻһʱȥһֻӵĿȻֻԪ弶۷壬ȴǽԪĴȥʮԶ
Σʱֱ̣ԾЯƻԪ޽һֻ޴޻ɱ
ǵԪеĹʮǿҲΪԪңּĹҲܵǵ⣬£ֹﲻ


ڰʮ Ͷ
ɱһֻ֮ǰ飬⻹ֻһֻ壬ЩϡйϸϣҲצ˵ֻͬԼɵޣڵʱڷǳԶȾһ嶼Ҫƾõö࣬ǲҪάȡǸԪΪʱɢǿԪԲһֻ塣
צ˵ϹԪźܶǿĹеѾǧˣȻرϡеĹҲټ
Ҫǣ͸ʵҲǿӵĳؼʵǿĴҲ壬Ȼֱ̬Ǿ͵˵
ΪʳԪǵѪҲǷǳСӪȻǲ˷ѵ
²˵ǱߵĴѾʼֹˣʮֻս׳˵һֻ޵ʬϣʼ÷ĳָʬ塣
ЩսĶܿ죬Ȼ޵ƤΪͣЩս棬ǴҲǳصģӲݣͼĳ̽޴ʬָһһ飬Ȼŷ𣬶뵽泲˵һС
Ѫͬһ£ȫ泲̳ԣһ֣泲ķǰ϶Сʱ򣬳泲ϣһ޴ĳڲҲɣʼĹ棬ֻҪʱ䣬һս׳棬ôͶ˿赲ġ
Ҳ˿Լһվ˽ŸֻҪɳͿˡ
ʹһȻͷǣϾڵľƷǳĻңܶ鶼Ҫȥ
ڼǰܵ۹дǧʿǧϵǣл棬һǰܵ۹ͱһˣǳѣأܵ۹ҲǾһЩĥѲŸϵǡ
ڴ֮ǰҲͶһǺܲҵģҲˡ
⼸춼ڹעͶ飬Բûȥͽܵ۹ˣֻǽ˰һΪԪս嶼޼ҿɹ飬ѰҰȫıӻΪҲǴ
ܵ۹פפأһڣʮܵ۹ĸ߲֡
УһŻףһֹһֺݺݵϣһˬĺʲô˼ǽܵ۹ͶȻǶŲⶼˣߣʲôԪһΪЩľ˹ռǵĳǶô棬㲻˵н飬ҽͽ͡
һջǽܵ۹һ̳˸ӣȨ󣬱¾ЩˬΪȥ춼޹գԴ˿߳ŭӣϵõ衣
˿Ҳڴ֮ڣҡҡͷףǵ˲ûеǣҲˣһԪսĺƽ߽ܵǣٳʮ򣬾˵ʨǵ࣬Ѿﵽ򣬼ˣǻרŸǻһƬ򣬺ѾǺܲˡ
ˣΪܵ۹ĻҳԱȻô˵ȻǺЩᲢ̴ۡŭֻɫŹ֣Ȼǲ˵˶֪ʵҲֻԼԸϰˣҪ˵滹һĳ˼ұȽܵ۹Ҫǵ͵ܱΪԵõǵıӻҪġ
ҲһЦʱҲ֪˵ʲôˣʵ˼죬Ҫöˣ㹻ĲҲõı˵Ĵ
Ҳܣ棬ȥǸңΪܵ۹ĻʴݺεҰһйУҪЩ˳ԵĶŪңǽܵ۹ҲٲĺôӴ˿ţ˵
ʱ򣬴⴫һ
ҪҿԣйͱˣʳҲֻͨģòˬ뿪Ҫ˶ˣһ˽Ļһǽ潣ܵ۹ʿǿޱȵ壬Ҳ˼Ƿĸ߲㣬ǲҵҪ̵
һ㣬ŵʿֻ֪Щȴǿס
ϴ󣡡һ󼤶֮ǰĳƺѿڶܿЦһղԼҵĻʴ˵ǷʮԵĻ̵þ̸ˣԪ綼һƬսУҪҵսϴĵطȴǺˡ
棬⼸һΪҪȥˣ򵥵˵һ£˽棬ԷԼһҲֱ̹ˣ˵һͿԣûҪ¡
֪ϴһ߶ˡ滹û˵꣬Ͱֵֵܾͱ˵Ļ
мȻ˼
˵꣬ŤͷǱһջҪĸǰܵ۹ĸ߼׼ֹȴǿһԴɫҲԥһ£ûǰϾҲǽܵ۹ҳԱȻλףЩҲܸġĽܵ۹壬˿Ҳ֪أӸһԵİ׳գϹԼߣԷǸڣûʲô쵼ĹӣҲЩջҲû˵
ǸʵҲԪļϵ׸ǾƷںöѹ֮£̸оԼ·ԵһͷޣȻû¶צȴ˲ѹ
һɿֲѹֻһܿͳѹȻΪֵ棬Ӧøең֪ܵ۹ѾˣҲ֧飬ֵЩĵ˻ӵ㣬Ϊ㻹СУ
˵꣬Ŀɿڴ׻ĸӣǳܵ۹Ĺ͸߲˵ͷȻֵܣ
ȵ涼ȥ֮ǸӲŻعֻ·˵ͷȣһ㣬һϡ
ҲǰҡͷﳤģҲһЩۣղǻǲ˵˵ʣҲλʵʵǣܵ۹ˣҪȥͲܰڳ֮ǰ̬ͬǽܵ۹ĻҳԱıɸΪ㡣
֮⣬򵥵Ľܵ۹ľʵҲûʲô˵ģھ˵ǿ£ܵ۹ĵֿȻûʲôЧҲǺģʮܵ۹ʿͽܵ۹Ϲһ;Ѫսȫս


ڰʮ ˵ޱ
˵Щ겻ѣɫһֱʱ֪ǸսĹĲ
İɣ϶Ҫģҽܵ۹Ҳؽ˭ֵܣĶԷļοһ޹׷ɱԼʱԥһݶǼǵá
Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵ʵܵ۹֮Щ֪룬ǿһϣ˵һҲ˴ǣ浱ʱİæΪ֮ȴ˵ǾȻľ˴ȫ𣬶ҲֹһΣ˴ζǵĽȫ߽⣬һΣһž֮
ĴѵУʥ»Ҳһĵط˭֪»ĶǣֻҪȥͲٵİȫˡ
ҲǺþûм棬֪ѾԪȻҲǾޱȡ
ܵ۹ĸ߲㵽ǳǱͣеһʱھʮһһͷ޵ޱڷܣޱмֻӰ׷˫ľ벻ʮס
Ѫһˣһӵмеˣ˵۹ҲսʿΪѪеͣͻƲڶ׷һ·ӵǸֻһĿģǾȡ
ȻѪвΪܾȵ޾ţĬĬлӵѪлǺԥִˡ
һ·ϣֻԼҲˣһֻѪͳĸԭҲǵ˼ޣѪвͣΪŵЩ׷ᡣ
ʮǰ˵۹ıݵܵ˵۹ǳҪľݵ㣬˵۹ɳΪǿľ޾ǰء
ֻû뵽һжǾ˵ıݵĸ߼ʦѾ򣬳ھһ壬Ŀľ˵۹Ϊľ޾ǰȻΧ㳹׿޾š
һָӹپĬĬлӣڷȦף˶ԷõľͿΧԺ󣬵һʱֻ˺ǸѱʦͰ˴ľӽǰΧͨ˵۹ĵ·ѾͨɳȥŵսʿûһɹͻΧ
ΪԵʣԪҲԴѶҲ޷ʹã˵޾ŶΧǵ˵ı޾źųƵԪǿ½ؾţȻǿ󣬾Ǿ˵ԵҲǾ޵Ķ֣Ǿ޾Ҳ㣬ǾǾսʿߣ߾ͺױŪ
ǸͶеʦ˵۹ĵλܸߣȻ͵͵ŪһЩˣǺ¾ԪħƵĶѪӶ׿ǣ¾޾Ѿ᧿ΣǱΧһڲĸʴ
˵۹ĴӪǱ޷֪֪ͨͨҲæΪһ徹Ȼǳþ޾űΧɴΧ˵۹Ķݵ㣬ȻҪһٳԵ˵۹һóѣǿһЩ˿ʮϰ˴ԪΪǿĲӣʱҪԸƽһҲ㹻ıˡ
ΪˣĬĬвѪͻΧ߱ȡ
Ѫ޼һ֧ڵϣѪԾ𣬱һˤڵϣոǼ׷ɱһ·׷͵˽ǰ
ЩǵؾʿͶ˵֮һЩթײеĵؾҲУһ˵۹Ĺǳǰ棬ԼǶ˵ޡ
ǰһؾʿǰ棬һ䵶Ѿǻһ⣬ɱѪУ߲˵еʿ־ͽһʹ˫ָȡ˫ָĸг־״зпڣ·ѪպһϾȻѪһƬɢһѪ
һս˵۹һ־ѪУȻˣʸ֡
ѪǵؾʿĹ㲻ܣֱһ˹ȥȻϱԷ䵶ƿһѪӣǸؾʿҲǱնϳء
ԵѪвκεؾʿЩɵĵؾᵥһ׷жʮؾʿȻһ·ϾսѾѪնɱ߰˸ʮѪѾˡ
ȻɱһˣҲʣµĵؾʿγ˰ΧȦЩ״ͷͷ϶¶аĵؾʿŴȻһ·׷ɱҲʮܣǲŹˡ
ѪЩˣֻҪټһʱ䣬Ϳܵǣһ㡣ȵϢͲȥôһжǰ״
ɣһؾʿ˻˵ȡһſƬ׼ͷŹʱͷԴֱصһˡ
ֱԵڵأԶŴһǹ졣
󣬅ϣмؾʿɱʣµҲŻˣæܡ
ֻܲˡ
Щܳȥ׵ĵؾʿܿ챻׷ӷϰװĹŹֺɫϣͬһӵ˲佫Щؾʿ⽴һƬʯ鲻ͬһ㡣
ѪֳսһĿɿڴȻղųֵľǵԪѪл֪һֽǹûмô͵ǹؾĿԪ綼ʮģǴ˿̣Ȼֽͬ¨һ㱻ŤΣǧٿס
һս³ǱҲϸĽŻǹ֧ӵȻǱǰҪǿ
ѪͻȻΪʲôĬĬлӻϧһдǾԮˡ
ѪеǵķѲ߱ǵķоԪ״⣬ҲҪѲ߱ЩѲ߱ϣװƵļһ˵ͻڱ׼װղԾɱЩؾʿľһͻڡ
Ѫкܿ챻ʩ˾Ԯ˵Է˵۹ĬĬȵģǵѲ߱û˿ԥ̽С
Ǳ֮ڣ̧һϣѪ˽֪ˡ
ѪȻѪУ˿ǿ׳˺ۣϵҲأôصѾˣǵԪȴֻˡ
ӺŪȻ˽Ѫ̧ȥҽΡ
ǲϺ;һٷԿΪҪֻòǲսˣþһ˵۹ɻἫǿ˵ı˵ĬĬеĽҲ
ϼ˽飬Ȼͬȥ˵۹߸Ԥԣ˵۹ô˽õ㹻ĵȻһ¡
̴֮ѪУɫѪп˵ıݵ㣬棬һһСսҲȫװЯ㹻ҩ𺽣ս


ڰʮ 
ɫٶȸ˹ȥ賿ʱڸϵĬĬǱΧĵطѪеҲָ˰˳ɣҲͷһμַȻ棬˵ⶫ˵۹ٶսӥҪü
ĬĬǼһﻹͦðɣѪ֮ʵһ֮ôżϹʵҲΪĬĬУһĬĬеĹϵòҪȻĬĬһΣҲԶרˡ
ѪôƺĬĬлӣһʱ仹ЩӦ˵۹ĬĬп˵ĽΪ˵۹һλʦټĬĬлӵݣû˲
ȻƺΪǼһֻѪҲû˵ʲôȻһ˴ϴ֣ҲһЩ̣ƺǼһʱ򣬲ûʲôĺͲ𾴣˵ֵһֻйϵõ˲Ż˵
һ㣬ѪָĬĬлӺ;޾ţԷﲻƣҲ̡
ǰ뿪ʱû⣬ʱʲôпܷѪŵġ
ܿ죬͸Ͽ
һƬٹﳤƲ㣬׵罻ӣǰһž޴ޱȵǽ
ǽȻҪеƻҪŨܣͬһճĺɫҺһ㣬һƬڡ
ǾǾ˺ʹʦõĿ󣬽޾ŶΧ棬ǰҲǷ˺ܴķһЩĿƬŴӳѪпԶǾ޴ĺǽ˵ȻǸǽ˺ֲܿĻ䡣
Ѿ֪ѪпеĴʦǸһͽ˵۹ʦλ⣬Ŷľݵͷ죬ֹ˵۹ĻͳΣһѱʵϾ˵۹ʦ壬ǿ忨󣬽˵۹Ϊľ޾Χ
ɫûмǺǽǰʮͣΪоΣգЩѾΧںһճ϶ᷢʲô顣
ûи֪ĬĬǵ״ðգҲ㾪ˡ
ǧ׵ĸ߿գ˺ɫĲţҵ紵˽ַֻ˵ûʲôӰ죬Ѫж¡
ȥȥͷѪ˵һȡ±˫ָ˵ͷԷ̬һץסѪеĿףȻ˲š
ѪȻû뵽ȻôͻȻȥҪ֪ȻǴﵽԪ弶ĸ֣ĸ߶ˤȥҲˣ׵ǣȻѪͷ£ԼٶȸѪǼͣǻẰг
ֻó½ؽսսʿָ߿׹ľ¸ʵϺͨûʲô
գ֮䣬͵˾治ʮ׵ĵطȻ߶צȻǿסΣѪðǣ˫ĿմЩûлع
һȻѪжȥʮ׾Ѫ˵ʲô֮ܵҴ̼Դ˿ͨһˤ˸ʺȵѪҡͷԴӵʱѾվߡ
㡭㡭Ѫָ죬һ仰û˵˵ʲôȴһĶȻ˦ֶſƬһ俨󣬽ѪС
һԶмƥѸĵؾʿ鿴ȻղѪȻأǱˡ
⼸ؾʿȫףֳ䵶ìһѸսͬǵıҪǿҸΪײУǳݵ˺̵ĻףҪʱҲЭ˽ս
俨ڣԽԽļؾʿѪнսͬʱСģЩ϶ſԿټĴѶһˣǻʾĵˡ
˼ǸҪ֣ͲЩؾʿдŵĻᡣ
˵ͷȻȡһ󿨶˳ȥ
һжʮţγһ俨󣬽ǼؾʿڣһγһǿĻյˡ
ڴ֮ǰѾ߶ײͬһ㱼Ϯȥգ֮ͷѾȥĵؾʿֻѸޡ
ļؾʿѾͷųĿֲ˲ȷѶĻᶼûС
̲ӣѪпŵŵĵؾʿѸ޻汻ճɽ̿ĵؾʿͻȻоԼֳսҪսرɵ
һؾȻǴǵװȥܲͻƵ棡ԸһѪʶĵ˵ͷȻֻǶ̶һʱ䣬ѾϰԵĽˣҪǣȻûһ㿹ܣһж˳¡
ؾʿϵĿƬװǰʵȻ󼤻Ƭһű̹ǵˮֱӽؾϡ
ʣµ飬Ͳˣؾ飬Ѫȥ
ʮӺѪս²ȻãĬĬлӦûڵֿ飬ؾҲ֪ˡ
˵ͷֻҪĬĬڻþУѪ˺ܿ컻ؾʿĿףؾͺѪв࣬׵ͷ֮󣬼ǽ뿴Ҳ⡣ŪͷѸޣͷԼǵÿϵζҲûзʲôѪгͷѸ޴ҡڵǰȥ
·˺ܶĴѲߵĵؾʿ˵ؾʿһЩ壬ԽճǽԽ࣬˽ǰʱѾԿʮƾġЩŸƤףͲͬȺӣеĳŹŹֵе췢˻
ڿŨǽڵĽǰǧ߳ʮ׵ľˣһߴﵽʮϣһСͷ죬֮ûпйžڳ
ʣӲ϶Դ¿ϵؾʿףѪȴǺĿ
ǰʱﻹûôӣǴ㶯ˣѪһԺ޺޵˵
ʾҪ˵Ͼﴩһ鷳
ճīǽ£ÿһߴʮҵĺ֮ÿһ϶ɢɷڹϣվһźűˣѪ͵͵Щ˾˵۹ʦ壬ѾͶ˵Ļ
ɢγǽȻǽԴӹðĺɫϱ任ɸ޹ֶ״˻ﶼǿֲ
Щǳ£ƺޣʱһʿʮֻһӳһѪ΢˵


ڰʮ ֲ
ѪиǿֲĿ֮ʱԶһŸӸߴѸ޵ĵؾʿͷѪк
һĻѪл࿴һۣȻһԷ˹ȥֻ˶ǼӦһͻ׼
ؾʿͷɨһۣŭûղŵļϺŽǣ
ѪжǰãȻſװɵؾʿڵؾʿϵĺȴǲ֪ղģУ˭ֱܷеһŽ
һѪһһֻˣ˿һƬհףֻһᱩ¶ôĸͻΧҪ侲ˣֻҲû˵˭֪ؾʿӦöǵͷôشеʱ򣬶˵á
ǵؾʿͷ컹ҪʱԶִһŽȻҲ֪һЩ鲻ϣ̺ŸʲôȥϣҾͽǵԴ
˵꣬ͷǰһȺؾʿȥ
Ѫл˸ɫȻȥǰĿյϣǧؾʿͳһףֳ䵶ìɱڡǵؾʿʿƤֲڣ֫׳սʿһȺȺɫļ֣һЩӰͬɱڵǿܣЩȻԸǿľĴɱӡ
˿һĴٳѪ뵽һֿܣʵʵվ˵ؾʿȺУûв´⼯ʿǴǽ˽Ĳӡղôͨǽڣڲһõ;ô
Ļ쵰ǣ׼𣿴ǵҪսˣһѪɫ׵սʿ߳
ߴﵽףֳһѱ߻Ҫ˫һָӹ١
ؾʿǳǰ棬ǧؾʿжӣȻͷǽȥһһʦȡ˼ſƬǽھȻѿһʮ׵ѷ죬Ȼѷһ֧ͨ
ڵؾʿѪУ˳Ѹޣһ˺һɲǣоԼһֲ޵ĴڣƤˡ
ʣǳΣգΣյԪĸ֣оֲĵط
Щԭӵڽɫǽ֮Ҳ̰ȻǶҲǳ־壬ǰ治ԶĵطؾʿСͷ췢һĵպñ
ֲĹطϣһ㴩Ը˾սҲԸĵطһӣ
ؾʿͷһ仰˵˵ںеȷǸ˼ȵĲȫǹŹֵĺУԿкֲܶӰһӱһֱצǵľҲˡ
ΪЩֻǸһֿźֻŻ˵Ļôʹˣ֮һǿΪСģΪ棬һº̷һֲ顣
ȻͻȻһֲĹ֣һѿסǸǿĺֱӽԷУһҽУȻֹ
ǸùǿôֻҪж˶֪е嶼ԶЩ˲¹ͷĺеʼܣҪһͨǽڡ
ֻͶ壬Ҳֻμսֻ֪Ҫ˾ŵĺǽڣ͵սʲô֪¿˱ֱߣѾǲ˿ֻţеʱһȺһ˿ʼܣҲʼ֮ǻңһЩСͷԼ£ҲѼЧ
ѷĿȲټ˵ĻȻе˱ŵıϣЩùļһﲻС˺ǱߣЩͬ˵ĹޣȻϻûɸֳ˵ĹѷĴצ
ЩԾ˿̷⣬ԭﵽʮ׵ѷ죬ȻСǽǰ棬ȴһƬĶؾʿǰ棬Ƕڣ͸˵ˡ
ûгڣѷڲСⶼ㲻ԾôϾûвԾĶˡ
Ѫд˿Ҳ⣬һߣѾȡ£¿š
ʱ̷Ӧʧã壡
壬Ǳ¶ˣѪдһȻ¶ˣҲںˣȴһѳͷ¶׺֮ɫѪսɢһѪ⡣
ΧĵؾʿѪУһ㶣Сеĳ˹
ֻûǳͼһӰߣΧʮؾʿ˲䱻ɱʣµҲٹֻվԶš
ղǺӰٻƻ棬˿εһѪУȻʲôʱ˵Ǳ¶ˣ
Ѫɵۣ֪Լ嶯ˣֻܿ췴Ӧʵû¶ô壿
ȷѪе߼Ҳԣ治˵ֻǷһЩߡ
ΪЩ壬Ǹ׼ģЩˣȻúʵѾ˾Ųʮˡ
ûгڵѷ죬ϱպϵĺѷ죬˵һ⣬ǾһжΪ׼ģѪֻǡǣѣֱҲǿЦá
ôԷΪʲôҪôĻִʲộ
ЩʱûʱȥǣΪ֣ѷպϵٶԽԽ죬屻ɣеҪӣֺû˳ڣֻ޾ĺ
Щؾʿ˿Ҳûʱȥˣ뾡һа취ܹܺԼͲˣ˭ļ
ô죿Ѫ͸һɿ־壬Ȼֲ̫Ļ䡣
ЩйŹֵ޷У޷ͣ޷ʹÿֻһһˣңȻӳľһֲĸң̫Ľţ̫ΣҲ̫ľȻ֪ʧȡģԽʱԽҪ侲ԴȻ侲Ը⻹һǾоԵʵ
ѷѾСףܶѾ뵽У֪˵Ǿ仰ҲϵĿףȡ޽Ȼƻһ̤ӭź̤룬һ֪
ѪпҲǵҧȻȥ
˿վںУֻһоЩƺһֹŹֵʣͬˮ˿ĳë䣬һɺ⣬Բǿô򵥣ҲŪһ£ǺŹǺĳֿµĹ
ڸղţһγɵľ޴ͷͻȻ֣Լҧ˹һ̳ǹͷ˲ɢо춯һƻȥץ˫ŵĹҧ顣


ڰʮ 
ֻƬʱ䣬ͽܵιȻιĵȼֻ൱Ԫĸֽ鷳鷳ֹʱأ˷ʤ
ѪҲǴһѪսɢ˼ֻŹֵޣȻվߡ
СģһҪСģʮֹŹ֣ǿԱκιϮǣֻҪһ˿иͻѪд˿ϱʮѿȻɻ
֮ǰѪ˵ʮǿʿһ𴩹ǽڣֻһ˳ӳ˵˽Ѫһ֪ܶࡣ֮ǰֻǴţԼУʸϸ
ʵϾʣѪжʵ档
ʦоֲһַֻǰֻ˵û˵Щʦʩչ˵ЩһĹǻģۼͣԪΪ޴ģЩԱһпֲĹ﹥ԽΧһθʱΧǿԣڼڽһҴż滤ӿƬҽȫŽӳȥû滤ӿƬԶˡѪһ˵һսĿܡ
ԭˣô˵ղʵϲȥˣǱƭΪĿȻԼ棬û뵽һʼ˾Ǳʳͳȥ˼ӵġ
ûʳ˵ǼƷҲ࣬ҲˣЩʦҪάǽڣ϶ÿһʱ䶼ҪļƷ׸άס˿ֲǿƾ˵۹ǿľ޾ţԴͻΧȥʱʮֻܲģЩһӲҺǹսųޣ˵ŭ㣬ѪԵʮּջ
νթҲһսʵ˼ҵսȷֻǽھͽ޾Χò˵˺ܸǿ͹۵һ䡣
˵ʱǰﴫһҽУһ׵ĵؾΪǱܹ˺ۣѪģҲ
ؾ棬Ǹһɵľ޴ޡ
һ˫۾͸һаĹ⣬޴צÿһλ裬ƿ֮
ǵؾŲ·ͻȻѪУȴҪܹȡʱѪҲϳؾǸؾʿСͷ죬ԷʵҲԪļǴ˿ȴͬ׵ĸһ㣬ǸɢͬԪļ׷ɱĺ޻֮
򣬵ûǰְæɲúˣؾʿԼͲһ·ˣ˵ǵ˻ûбҪȥȶԷ
ȻֻǼǸؾʿͷûӹԶĵطǾʬһʱѪģЩܿ챻ߣƺǱˡ
һĻѪǰݣ۲ĺϸÿһϸΪѾЩ￴һЩں鱨
û취ǽڵ֪̫٣ν֪֪˰սʤҪ͵սҪ˽ĵˣֻǴ
ͺмֵЩȷֲԺ̬ǲҲܽģҲ˵Ҫ֣ûĳֹ̬Ҳ֣еĺԱɹͬ˿ԼѪΧĺȻȥЩɹĺûκ𣬵ԻƽѪԪܸ̽оĳЩԹĹκУĳ塣
һԪͬ飬һ壬Ǵ˿Ҫ߼ˡ
򵥵˵ֻһֹߺͼ壬ΣյεںЩŹ塣
ʱǽ顯
ֵһǣЩںսǳǿ󣬼ͬ޵еĴڣҲ˵ͬԪļЩγɵĹ϶ҪԪļĸҪ
֮⣬鲢ΨһģҲ˵кܶ࣬ȻʵҲǸߵͲͬ
ĿǰΪֹҲԪļ󲿷ֻԪ飬˵ЩҲԼĶ֣Ԫ顣
ʱȻһս
Ȼδػ֣ѾϤֶΣȻǴѪһ·йȥͨǽڣֻҪ˺ķΧЩͲٳˡ
˵ѪҲǷ˲٣Ȼǰȥ
֪ǽж񣬵Ҳ̫һͷߵһͷжֻǲУҲʮӶѣΨһǲ·һʧǿ϶Ƕʱ޷뿪
ڷǺŵģ˿̣ǱֱǰƫУŨܵĺ˱еʱ򣬾ȦӣǶֲˡ
Ƭ̣·вѪзò˵Щһκʱķʽ
ǰ棬ΧͻȻðǼ̵ǽѹ˹һֳذ׵ĹݴĺģȻЩԪȼߣ޾ԤϵĹǸѪд˲鷳
֮ǰѪ˵һֹʽˣǾΧĺͻȻһֲѪθʵк˱ǶѪζֱԽѪжŵɫ԰ףֲθֵ˲䣬̸оΧŨͬθһʣԼϵĻ׶ʼá
Ѫ̻ӶսȥҪƿθһΧЩθðһ̻гݵĴ죬ӲǸӿȥʱҲƿ
̶̵ļ֮䣬ѪϵѾڻƤҲǸʴȱڣȻٳƬ̣Ƕᱻĸʴʴһ̲⡣
ʱ޽һâһ̤ѾǰθϣѪм¶ûθһֱӴƣ޴ǰһƬʵķ飬ץѪֱӳ˳
Ѫд˿̴ڴֻоղһ˲䣬޷ͻθΧǱʴǰ϶顣ҲڣѪ֪һȻڽӡ
ֻ˿ȴǲˣѪЩԣһʲ֪ղθսҲʧȥ˷С
ͬһ˴һһ٣мͻȻ˴ܻĶһղŵսûκβĺУҲ·ˣ鷳ǣǿʼԪ弶顣
Ԫ弶࣬ÿһǳѲѪǱѾЩﵽԪ弶ֶΣֻƾŲڱɱǵǣȻԪ弶飬ôԪ飬ԼܲԱʵӦ


ڰʮ ⷢ
ں޷УЩˮƶҲΪʲôѶԸԭ
Ѫд˿̶Ѿķڷû滤ӿƬ£ȻƾսֵڣղǸﵽԪ弶ҲǱһˣȻǸͬһūͻɱѪп϶Ǳɡ
ǿսѪкܿ췢˼Ȼȡһ䣬ţѪоͷִӸղűɱŨðһ˿ۿɼĹâ뵽Ǹ䵱С
˵ʵڴ˿ľѪлǷǳģֲʣ´ò˵ѪжѾ൱ŷҲ֪ΪʲôĬĬлӻϧһдȥǱˡ
˿̿ʥҲΪϲû뵽ղԼֻͻ룬ʥûʲôѹЧû뵽һԾȻǻоϲ
ʥ䲻ǶЩѹЧЩ黯Ϊãͬ˸߼һ
ǸԪ弶̷֮ʥ䴫һ˷ܺͼʵȻҪ顣
һֱʥ䣬һץ޽һƻشѰҺͻɱΧ飬ҲѪĿɿڴжΨֱ֮ãȻѰңƺ鵱һ
Ȼ֪ʲô£Ѫȴʮ˷ܣ棬һһ鱻ɱȻһâıգ;ʵҲˣԽ˾޾ʮɢҲ˵
뷨һѪо͸оЩ쿪Ҫ֪һαĿ˵۹ľ񣬳һǧɵľ޾ţаսʿЩ޷ƳֲĺҲֻһˣôܺ
Щô֣ʶǰѪղпһ뷨ʱ϶ΪԷˣһˣǴ˵еԪ˼֣ҲܸɵΪһ˿顣
ڣѪȴЩˣȻ¾뺳˺ԶѪֱԼпܣ˵ĿԽ˵۹
ͬʱںǽһƬʱӪĬĬƯڿпΧͬһ޴ӵĺǽ̾Ϣ
ǽʮѾﳬʮˣһ˿ӳȥϣЩʱÿ춼ڿӣٹһʱ䣬ͿԵǵӪرԵʱǱһ㰲ȫҲҪʧȥ
ĬĬдû˭ôԸ˵۹ǵԪĶʵҲ׶˵۹䣬Ϊ˵۹ӵԪΪǿĵԺܸε˵½رû˭ܱȵù˵۹
޾ţţЩݺԪǿıм۹˵۹ǳĴȻǱɵľŻܣһս춨˾޾½صһš
ڣ˾Ȼֱӵֶνǲϰ߷£ԼĲ¡
ĬĬ֪ѾһЩָӹٺаʦĶѪΪ˶Էצ
Ҫǣ޾˵۹꣬ʮʱ˿϶һ˵۹ģӶϲʳ˵۹ĵ̣˵б˵۹Ա֮һʦ塣
Щʦӳȥӷǵýɱ⣡ĬĬкݺݵ˵
ʱһСͷܹӵ£ָŵʮСӳһսʿͶˡ
ʲôĬĬдŭʱÿ춼˱߷һνԼһСӶߵ⻹ͷһΣǿ϶ᱻʳɾҪľо޴Ĵ
޾ǱߵأĬĬ䵽棬æʵ
޾ŵû⣬ѾӴ˶ԶѪ˵ȣӵģЩѪһ֣ǻὫȫնףЩ׼ڷĳìϣˣǱߵ³Сͷŭ˵
ܺãȥɣĬĬзԸһ䣬ȻԶĺɫǽ૵֪ѪǼһܳȥûУ˭ûãֵֻȻҲ군ˣ
أ
ƻͬһ㣬ߣ·ؾʿһɱֽЩʥ䡣
ӸղŵڣԼǵøɵ飬ѾǧʥּҲС˺ܶ࣬ԿʥɢһΣǿԪ͵ʥҳʱҪӷǳƣٽɱһЩʥա
ֻӸղŻɱЩǵؾʿӵϣһ¡
Щƺ֮ǰĵؾʿǵؾʿ壬ϸһϣȻкܶ඼塣һﵽԪ弶飬Ȼָӹ٣Ǹźɫ׵սʿ
˿̣ɺγɵսʿɫ֮⣬ǸָӹһģһⲻһŹֵͷЩĪǾ֮ǰɱںеˣ
Ԫ弶飬սѾͬͨԪˣ޽ƻŽսʿɱ
һʥ˺ܴһɹţһ̣ʥȻһɹâֹâЩīҲڵԼǺɫǽҲִܿӺͶһɹ
ʲôĬĬд˿㷵شϢȴͻȻԶǾ޴ޱȵĺɫǽ͸һ˿˿
ɫǽ⣬ʮ򼯽ҲһĻ˵ָӹ٣һʵڹžĴڡ
ȥж߳ʮ׵ľ˴ž޴ޱȵĿףͬװ
ܿ죬ǿľָӹٵ͹᳹ȥһһ§壬ź䶷ֳһȵʦ˹ʦΪߴǹ§ӣҲף;ָӹٱǼֱ̫СˣھָӹٺͶԷ˵ʱֻǵͷ
ʦǽղһâô£֪Χ˵۹ľ޾ź;սʿǿ˵۹ҪһԲʧʵ˵ȻѾ˳ʮĴһľ޾ͻΧһδ赲Ԫǿ½ؾšָӹٶűСʮʦ˵֪ⶾʦ죬Ҳǿʦ
ͼǶɭɭһЦ˫۳ͬȼһ棬˿̧ͷžָӹٵģ޾ӲҼһ˴ʦõĺԲܳ⣬һЩС海ңҲӰǵļƻԷİɣڸղŵһС鷳һȥ


ڰʮ ꡢս
˻֣źɫ񣬽嶼ڵʦֳַȣǽȥǳ˫ţ߹ĵطľѸٿήɢ˿˿ǽںǿֲĺȻзֿһҵѷ죬ʦ룬ǽںָܿ
𣿡ָӹٿʦʵӸղŵϿԿ϶ڲ⣬Ծָӹٺܻʦܽʲô⡣
ģںûʦĶ֡ǿ϶˵˵귴ʵǽѨǱߵôˣʮʱ䣬ûо޾ţĪǻƲǴѨ𣿡
Ѩᱻƣ죬ҪǻƽһǣǴ󲿷ֹžһֳֻܷһžѨòǣƾ޾šָӹٳŶ˵ͻӻ֣ʾԷ뿪
ɭɭһЦҲûж˵µĵͻȻʼȼգȻðһſֲĺɫ棬ȵɢѾӰ
ܵôȵϴָӹٲΪȻһʾԶĲм
Цãɲô򵥵Ķֻʤ߲ӵδǾˣעֻܳΪʧߣԶһϣһźڻƾȼճ󶾻Ӱԭվڹϵһʦ𣬼æǰ
ôˣ𿪿ʵ
һ㣬ֻ˾Ȼɱǵ飬ʱӰ첻ǵļƻʱ䳤ˣһЩ鷳ʦ˵
Ѿȥ鷳ˣԪĸ֣Ԫ߼ĸ֣Ҳںʦ塣ƽһ;һȫ濪ս˵һǧѷĻᣬʦһ𡣡˵꣬˿һöڵӣͷСͨ巺һĹ⣬һ֪ǷƷ˿źӵС
һΪǳǣϧǲֻ֪Щ飬һһٿź飬ֻϰ꣬ǿĺ飬ʱҪֻҪͿͷų۹ʽˣƻЩӽҪ飡Ц˵
һǽ⣬һ˵ĴᣬȻͨ壬ҲһСĿˣϣָӹٵĴһν뵽С˶ΪǻᴩȻ˵۹ĴսʵϣнģֻǱʦ˼Ʒ
̶ʮʱĴѾʮľָӹٻΪľ޾ѾҪˣѹ֪Լ˵á
Źâɢȥʥ䣬ӦǿԪ򿪣鿴ʥı仯
ܿȷʥȻһνˣԪߵԪȼ˿ʥѾﵽߵˮ׼Ϊʥ䱾һΪϡУ˵Գ֮ΪƷֵ͸޷Ŵ
£ʥֻһԽԪۣγһֿƬ
꿨µĸħͬһĿֻܾһΡ򵥵ȻĹЧԲ򵥣Ȼǿ꿨ļֵ˵еʱ򣬲߱ľ꿨һֻս͵ãеʱ类˼ӳһЩķ־꿨ɾó
һЩ岻óսȴǿԶĳϮˣĳֶ䣬˳ʱ䴦ڼ״̬УǷһЩҩﶼûκã־꿨ͿЧ
꿨ͬѰĵطڣеĸħһļֵʹˡ
ʥ䣬һרľ꿨ܿ״̬ԪЩԪһſƬƬһػΣŽһЦݡ
ѾˣﶼûжȻͷǾ͸ãֻϡ١һž꿨ô⿨ƬЧͻȻһԵѪдСģ
ԭоƬʱĺ͵͵һ飬ĵȼԲͣԺȻǱһ˵ﻹץһ޴ĳ
һ֣̳նһѪоǿһĻżæʾ
ʵͲĴˣ֪һԪĸ֣һ飬ȻǲСӣѪ֮ǰѾСĽ䱸Ѫиոʾ˲䣬Ѿὣת̿ӭһâ
һ㶣ΪԷĹֶξȻǰ½
ڰ½Ѿģһ֪Էİ½ʮնĽâһ֮࣬͵ǰ
ֻо沿ĺëնѣ̻Ӷ޽Ҳһն
أ
ֱײһһɾɢɢΧĺγʮ׼һյش
˿ſԷģһƳʶĸоϸһ룬ⲻĽʥô
ȻǵԼǸʥǰôͬһģ˵ԷҲʩչ½
գ֮䣬ԷڶҲˣȴһҲʩչͬĽԹȥײֱһǿԷȻֻԪʵչֳսԲһԪ߼ĸ֣ԷĽ¯࣬ȻԼӳƻԪ޽ܶ൱
һԵѪȻսˣ˿Ҳ˺飬ȴͻȻСģǽʥĳԱ
ѪеĻ⽣ʥܿܺʦһ˵һ֧ǰĽʥԱ϶ҲǱɱģȻΪ˺һ֣˵Ŀǰǿ飬ڽȫԽԼ
֪ԼĽҪܶ࣬Ǻͽʥ˱ȣԲ˺ܶ࣬ղŴԼռƣƴʵѷԷһһԼ߾ͺѵֵˡ
ȻǽʥһһŵնĽ˲伴涼նѳһ֡
һûûѧҲ֪ӦԣֻײܣķӦԤ֮⣬ڵķʮÿһ¶γһε·һ£鼱֮£̼һʯ֮ſס
գ֮䣬˫ѾԹУȻǱѹƣʯܻ֮ûʧ㼤ʱͻȻоΣϮŤͷһȻǽʥ鲻֪ʲôʱԼĽѾն˹
鼱֮£ʶĳŶԷһſƬͬʱˣԷĽлԼؿڵĻӹնһۡ


ھʮ 彣
֮գḻս̶ֳȵܣֻжԽ˽˲ʱŷ֣ղʶĿƬǹ͵ĿƬһž꿨
꿨һ͵Ĺâ˲佫Ǹʥ֣һȴһվΣѾһɫ
ԪȻ൱Ѳټ϶Էһʥܵ˼֣ղƻ֯⽣ʥĹԷʵԺŵ˵֮⣬κԪĸԷԳŹղһ
˾꿨ĽʥȻһɾ裬һȽķٻȻ󽫻ƽҲٻ˳Ѿǿսˣ⻹޷ɵԷôֻܱˡ
ΪòţϾԼղŲûнȫʵӳ󿨡ƽҪƷʥ鲢¡
ֻԷûнһԵѪ˸ɫѯҪҪֹ
ΪǽʥЩԾ֮Ǻ֮ǰһ
꿨Ĺâʧ֮ǽʥû׺ݲбϢǱһãƺ˼ͻ䣬ȥ
Ҳʱ䣬ǽʥչƺǻʲô
ˣǽʥǿĽʥ֮һЩʦңƭ뵽ƳܣɱˣߣҵļָˣҲЩʦˣʥ˿һ˵ԺԵĿ˿̽ʥѾǺɫɵģ꿨ĹâȾ˴ʥİɫ
ɫǺĻԵøۡ
Ľʥ飬ðһ²⣬ȡʥ䣬˼ž꿨Ȼ󽫾꿨ͷŵΧصϡ
͸ղŽʥ鱻ͬһĻˣǼͷ˾꿨飬ҲԡڹâУԭǺɫ˰ɫȻ¶˻Ȼ֮ɫ
ʲôһԵѪпףʵ
Ȼˣһ䣬Ȼ󲻶꿨ʼܣԼ飬һſƬҹȥҲܺμǰѪֻܸĿɿڴ
ģԽԽɫ֣Щɫûһ˿ĵ⣬෴һЩع飬ͶȥмĿ⣬һЩûʲôǻ۵Ұ飬Ҳ׽֮⡣
Ѿ԰ٷ֮ȷ꿨ԽЩа鱾ԻѣЩͬһֲֿ䣬ǿԽںеתΪаֲ飬ȻЩɱˣ顣Щȫƣκδ˶ᶯ֡
Ǿ꿨ȴǽϺǵĿɢˡ
һָ˱ԵȻǲټףΪǶ֪ô£ָļ䲻ǰļ䣬ļ䣬αɱ˹ڵεɱ˿ǼǵȻԿǵʹ
һͷϰž꿨˿Χȫǰɫ޺飬һƬЩɫȻҲɢࡣ
ʱ֮ǰǸʥ߹һʮִֿڣѪһԸ˽ʥڡ
л㣬ǿĽʿл㽫Ҵһ޾нȳҿóѧϰĽȻ㲢ûѧϰеĽΪ˱ʾĸлԸ⽫彣̸㡣ʥϵ˵
ֺȻܾղ⽣ʥ֮ܽԼѹסΪԷĽ׺˶ԷֽԼʵкܴ˵ԼıԪ߼
Ҫ֪ԪԺѾûκˣԪһԪļԪԪؾннԪҪԪ߼ȴûκ;飬ҪֻܿԼĲϻۡ
ͬһϷҪﵽԪ߼Ҫ֣뾡ܵԼʵʵǻ֣ʱκοʵֶζӦգֻпܽ
ȻԪ߼Բô򵥵飬Ԫ統УԪϡˣԪ߼Ƿëǣʦߴɫʵĵ¡ʦĿǰҲԪ߼۷塣
˵Ҳ֪Լˡ彣Ҳ벻̫ܽԼǰһ
ǽʥܿȡһ򿨽Ȼԥһ£ȴֽ峤ݸ
ԭⳤϸһǴ˿̺Ѿɢ٣¶һѳıĿò˵峤ǳĴֿ񣬵ʮֳأҲ൱ҲһѺýȻ޽ҪһЩҲԴﵽ弶ˮ׼ˡ
֪ӦʲôҪ󣬵һϣлԽһ峤ҵĶӣûһѽܳΪˣǵĽӣഫǼҫʧȻ㲻ԸҲûϵ͵ҽ⽣͸ˡʥһͣȻԷ̬ӮĺøУҲûѣֱӽһѽȻպõӽʲô

ģҿ϶͵ײӦʲôֻһӦ϶ʵ֡
ʥЦЦʮֵĿο
ʱԶĺͻȻһ󷭹Ȼɫðͬǧһ㣬ܿʹ˷һƬΧһ㶣ΪЩԵ鶮һȻڿЩ顣
ȻЩ鵱Уܿźɫ񣬹§Σʦˣǲ飬ӵѪ֮ˡ
򵥣ȻԽǿоӦһǿʦһʦ͸ɺ۾˵
վҪϿ϶ǲ֪ĺö򲻿ܽô龻ɱϵһСʦ۾̰˵ͬʱѾǻӶеħȣʮֻХһ¶ļ
ûΧЩָԵİɫǰЩ鼤սһ𣬾ʥ飬Ҳûһѳսš
ãһﾹȻԿƱ飡һʦ˵
ô鲻ֻȴǿԵʮǵ飬ȻܻһЩģǶ˵ˣὫ泬ʮĴʮȣǧӰǵļƻһʦ˵꣬ȡһſƬͬһƬͶһʯһ㣬Χĺð飬ЩУԪ弶ĴڣﵽԪ


ھʮһ 
ʣЩһ˹˼˻꿨֮ûеڶ·ߣΧЩȫԼҲԲ꿨ȻԿתԷ飬ܿ귴Ϊʤ
鼱֮£ʱľԼһ˲䣬ʦԼ߲ʮ׾룬ƺԶǶָ˵ֻҪһײͿԳȥ
ܵѪвҲ˵ʦȻӵǿսȴһͿȻˣ˲ŵĻ᲻ץסͲˡ
һ̤ײͬһ׹˲һȥģͬһǸʥ顣
ٶ죬ʮ׵ľ뼸գ۾͵ʱ򣬵ڶʦո˵껰ͿǰһˣԷһѽѾһնɱ˹
ʦ̸оΣգʶĴ߶ķúγһӲ谭赲һնֻСնɱ
γɵ赲˲䱻޽ͻƣ󺮹һʦԴͶͷ죬١׼ȷһϵжҲûһӡ
һߣٶҪϰĵĽʥҲγɵĳ̴˵ڶʦࡣ
ԽʥʵҪһʵϲѣҪ֪֮ǰͻϮԼóսĸֶһֵס͸˵ʦˡ
գ֮ʦͱɱ쵽Ŀ࣬ʦһǻŹâУΧЩû˿ҲɢӣҪ˼֮ҲǱߣһΣʹ˻⡣
ǽʥͷǵ֪뿪ߣԿٰЩΧ
ԷȻô˵ǿ϶ǿԴѪ뿪ֻû̾ߣʥһЩʱѪչһµʦʬ壬ҳöǶźɫԲĽָ
ʱоеʥ΢΢һʶʲôȴѪҪöսƷ䣬⿨俿ʥ֮ʥ̴һָǶöɫߡ
ʲôӣоʥ䴫ȿ̳ʵȻöɫӷͬѰҪȻʥҲˡ
Ǻ飬ÿһʦУ˵ⶫѪн͵һ̣оʥһ𣬴ʥзɳһڵ飬Ȼһȥ
ѪУȸȥȥͷһʥ仹ͷһ󣬻ҵƵĺ顣
ʥнĿܣΪսһ֣ʥǿ˶ҲǼȻҪץסᡣ
ֻлΣգѪиŽʥ뿪ֻԼһˣǴǣ޹ңҪɶˡ
ǴڵٶȺܿ죬Ҳ˵껰գ֮ʧںУֻĿѪСͶͶأΨֱ֮ƺʵ˲٣Լֻܷ뿪ĬĬлӻ㱨ҲܼһЩ
뵽ѪбǸŽʥһ뿪
˵һǰѾȫīĺʥԸղŷɳȥиӦ̻ʧ
;ƺҲӦʥɢϢȻǸźԶͶ㿪ͬһ㣬ʡ˲鷳
ܿ죬ǰһӰӣһȻ־Ȼһ
֪ԼȥȻܵ˺ǽڵΧΪЩ޽ںΧԵϣһ⣬һڡ
ǰԿǽ֮ʮĴ
һղŴڵѾֹǰŹϵһӰһı̰֮ɫ
ǰҲʥĻ¶̰֮ɫҲ˵ʥǹϵĳֶȿ
ҲȥȴǿǹϣƯһͷСڵӣȻǺ͸ղʦǶĺһֻͷҪ޴ܶࡣǸԶҲܸܵǺɢĿֲԪ
ĵһۣ֪һҺܿͷ֣龹Ȼϵպе飬ͬһ뵽鵱С
ʥҪľ飬Ȼ֪ľãǴᣬʦǵˣȻ˿˼ԼֶԷźǽڣĳֲɸ˵Ŀģʲô¡
뵽̴߶ƻ棬ֱǹײȥԼʩչײһϵǸʦûзӦʱһ½ɱ
룬ʥѾзɳ˿еĺ飬ͬˮһ㣬ټһʳһա
䣡
ʥʳһ̱һŹâЩԤϣΪһΧĵ˰ٷ֮ٻᷢĴڡ
һ֣̱Żڷʥ¶С
Ѿҳһš
ô£ղŷʲô£Ϊʲôһ
쿴һҲˣ
õ˻ûзӦȻþգʥ䣬ƻ棬Ϯһͬʦ鱻ʥʳ
˿̣ͬһ߶ȵĵݣںҲܱ˿ûʱȥ鿴ʥı仯ʩչײ˵
Զʦͷ춾֪ϢǱŭһĺʦ˵ΪҪЩǾʮʱϰɵģȻ½ߣֱǴۡ
仯һŻ棬˲䵽һٵĹǰΧһЩʿڿ֣ջѵĶ̶һſƬ˲׷Χڵֱһʣʬ嶼û¡
ܣղ淨硯һ̻ᱻյʬ޴棡۽忴һĻŵɢӡ
űĹͱɱʦҧгݣ˿Զִһ죬Ťͷһȴô
ģʮݻ٣Ҳ˵ʧʮź飬ѾǳƻļƻЩ飬ͲܹǿĹȣܽ˺ͻƽһֵ⣬ΪԪİ
ŭɶĶѾɥʧǣλһȵĴʦ˿̻ɫĻ棬ȻȻʧ
ʮһǰƻֲĹֱǵӦ֣˵ʮ׵ĹǾֽˮĦ¥ƻҪҲݶԲʮһϵĺҲʥʳ


ھʮ ɴ
㱼ʮʱǰ״ͻȻðһɫ棬γһ޴ĻţһӰӻ˳
ȻһʦֻαͨʦҪ޴һ㣬ϵԪҲǿޱȣﵽԪ۷塣ʣǿһʦҶԷֵķʽҲ൱죬ȻͨɫͻȻ֣ͬһ㣬֪Է򵥡
˿ʥȻЩͣʥǸͷĻ˿Ѿͬʵʣһ˼ǾЩõĻᣬ˵ֻ˲ţȻʥڲǿԪͬʱҲһ˿ǣ֪ʱʲôҪȻ¶ȡĺʥҪ顣
Ҳ֪һ㣬ʥݸԷƻһ뿪ȥȡĺ飬ɫ߳ʦȻ
ֵʦȻǶ𣬿ʥ֮󣬶һ˫Թ޵˲䱻̰
ȻǴ˵еʥ䣬һ壬ȵʥ䣬̫ˣ벻ҵôãʥĻҲʥȻѾʥһ򲻿ܱƿأ˼ԼڵõʥҲûãصҪʥĿǰ˻ɱһҪõʥûκˡ
û׷ǿ
ȻѾǽһˣΪʦĴʦ˶Ի
ͳˣһſƬȡԭȼŵɫܿ㼯һʮ׵Ļ۾
ֻ֮ҪմȾһ㣬ͿԿٷ꣬ɣ͹۲Էֳֳһóսĸ֣ȻԪȼﵽҲɱԪĸ֣˵˿ںУ˵ԪǴﵽԪ߼ĸˣҲܽɱ
ΨһöЩջǣѾǰӦþ֮ǰںﵷҵļһֻԼɳȥʦΪʲôûһ˿Ӧ׶༪٣Ȼ϶ӶԷʵϣȴ൱Сġ
ԵʵԶĵˣ𶼴ģܳΪʦʦԭ
ӭĻ涾ߣ̧־һ½նγɾ޴Ľâ涾նΡ
ֻ涾߱նκȼգȻǱֻСһЩĻ涾ߣһһüͷһ壬ȴû޽նɱ涾ߣܹΪѾ涾ߵĲͬѰ֮
ֻͨǵɱֹʹԷѣܿҪڶĻ涾ߣȻԸ⿴ġ
ҲȻûмѾ涾ߵˣκԽǷѵԽ࣬ʱ涾ߣһԶЦ˵վʮ⣬ƺ޽䱸֪ܿǶԷڳ塣
һԽսĵˣһʦܻ޽䱸վ˽ľ룬Ͼһʦʮףľǻ̶ʮ׵ľ룬һͨĽʿҲԺܿͻƹȥʦı壬ڲóսʦһѡ
ԶԷȻʵѾԷΧһЩԪԼȥ϶мơ
ʦԲ򵥣ʦĶ֣Ȼֵȡնս
ûҪӣһΧµ壬ֻȶԷɱȻԷûϵ
չֳֶΣ˦ֶһſƬһı̴ӵ˲ðγһƬ涾̱ɱǲ£ֺ˵ıȻԸǴ޴˺̴еߣܿҽϨ𣬻һ˿ʧ١
ļԪ벻Ҳвٺöֻʦƴ㲢ǺܴЦһȡһƬʮ͸ղһĻ涾֣߳һ
ȻЩ涾߲ūͣһķûƣһٻʮûκ⣬˿޽ͬȡſƬ
飡
һƬ׷Χı̵ش֣ʮղֻͨһǻƽȻǲᲢۡ
׷Χı̣ԽҲˣԷȻҲû뵽ͻȻͷųﵽ弶ĿƬΧðһɻ޴ĻγһУͱ̶ƴǿֲı̾Ȼ޷ͻƻķ֪κοԷˣֻܵĹֲøղŶԷ޹˼ɣ¾ǶԷһ̡
ɫĻԱͨĻ滹Ҫ޷ͻƣֶβֻˡ
Ǳֵ̳ͬʱʮ޴ɫȭ˶Ķһ£ıɫˣ̻ȼ˲ʧڰ֮⣬һ
汻ҵ³ףֻ֪ķ򲻵ҲûãȻǷǳϧԤƣղŵĹԷӦ޷ܿŶԣʦķӦٶô졣
㾹ȻʦһĴһȻ֪Ҫ˵ǿķߣʦ壬ǵթ࣬ԲзйϵĵһƬҪȻʦҲô
ⶾΪʦҲղʩչĲͨҲ˵ͨʦҪ
ɫأȴûͣ٣ʩչ͹еʱֹʽǺʡ£ֱӼƬͿԣܶ࣬㹻ը۶һʱ䱻ǿЩվȽšʱ򶾻֪ԼһѲļһ
ģףԼܿɱԷٶʱˣһͨսһпһ߼ʦѾ˶ΧӸղŶԷĹֶϿȥԿĺܿԼ⻹ԷֶΡ
ƺĳ־ȴȡһɫĿƬʮصļ
ڶԷȡ⿨Ƭ˲͸оһΣԴֻ˸оƺ˲֮⣬ûκΣ
Ϊ⣬ⲻ֪ڶ𼤻Ƭ˲䣬ǽȴǷ˾ޱ䣬ԭڹ֮ڵĺ˲ɢͬһ㣬漯ĳʮƬ֮ںУǽͬҲǿɢķΧɢͣûдľ޾źĬĬǣǽǽû


ھʮ ǽ
Щ壬ܵĽأ̱ƣ飬̶̼ӣʮѾоųʣµһЩʵϸߵȻܼһᣬǶᱻ̳ԡ
ղŷǿֲһĻ֪Ǹо˾ҵı仯ͷ·һտˮһ㣬뵽ͼȶ״̬
һղſ϶ʲôüͷȡһոջƽ𻯵һϵѾﵽı׼ɱˣоʦ̫ΣգԴ㾡սʱչֳʵ
ֻʦƺҲߵɱȼ˼ſƬγһ赲ǰ棬һſƬγһɹŹֵĻ꣬Ļٶ̫죬ȻԱ̱ܿ塣
ҺЩ޴ľ˲һ޷սʤֵʱһʱĳˣʥӵߣҵģѾ䣬ʲôطԺ󶼿ҵ㣬Ҿɡ˵꣬ȼճɫĻ棬Ҫ編Ҫߡ
һԷղͷŵ俴޷ͶģҲûκβʣȷһ׷͵䣬Ҳֱķͼһ׿£ֱӻпҪߵĶ𣬾һҽУɫ̾ȼգԷӰʧ١
һǰ嵽ǻûȫʧɫһֶԷȷѾߣֿԶеķȷ൱죬һһıԷǱһУ㲻ҲԻˣһǿԿ϶ģԼĻƽţ˵ղͷųǹǿϵ
鿴һ壬ûκ״ܸоԼһӰȴ޷ӦþǶԷͷŵ䡣
ȡһž꿨Լʹã뿴ܲܽȻ䲻Ǹ淨Ҳκ˺Ծ꿨Ҳ޷
ˣֻǱ׷һǼһҪûܵĻᣡô˵һζǱ˰һȻղһ¹ֻһЩϢԼǿˡⲻ֪ǧ֮ĳɫ߳ĶǱѣİӶ׻˽̿һֱ۶ˣϵĶҲò¶ªӡ
ʦȻ˳ӣŰɣŰɣҳҪɱڳ࣬ɿֲʬūʥ䣬һҪõޱȣǴ˿ˣȻܻȥ𣬿ͿԷʵ൱ǿᣬԼȫ֣ȡʤ˵ֱܿԷʵϵѡ˲ˣԷһ䣬һԺʱȥҵԷ
ջеĺ飬ղһʮҲ϶Դﵽ״̬һȺʦЩʦհ졣
ܿ죬ʮʦ֣ÿһﶼһź飬ֻȻֻʮ
ô£ôô٣ƤҪ֪һʼǲһٿź飬ȴֻʮȻһ롣
ʦһŹֵһ߲ϵϮǵĹĺȫǶˣһʦսľ˵
ʲô۾ðһĻ棬һҧ֨֨죬͵ҲֱֱͦǰһһץͽղǸ˵ʦץ飬ȻԿֲ˶ԷеѪꡣ
ʦҶ
˿̵һ˫޵۾ԶĺϵɱŨ˼£ʱ˭˵
գһȻԷһĺ飬ļƻܵ޴ǶףԼδ޾ʵǿ῰ȹžͻƽһ壬Ķ֣ʱвһڶʲȥҲҪʡ
ãܺãʥӵߣһʳҼˣưɣ˵꣬Ťͷʦߣ뿪һܿͻ֪ǣǻԸǣ˵۹ǣǣֻҪ֮أȻúǿٻʦһ棬ʱԪ磬˺ͻƽһ壬ֻܳΪǽµū͡
˵꣬һ̻ʧ١
ʮӺҵƻʥ䣬Ҳ֪ʥ˶ٺ飬˿ֱ̼ͬһС̫һҫۣԪǿᵽ£оһ˿ս
ûָоֱͬһǿޱȵĹžҪ֮
ˣȡʣµĺ飬޷ټʳҪһʱ䣬ҽ޷ΪṩǸͷڵ飬˿Ѿû֮ǰľȻ˿һ˫ȼ֮۾ǣȻɺõ˼Ľ
ʥҪ˯Ҳ֪ԷҪȻǵͷͬ⡣
Ǹ黯һʥ䣬ʥصһ£лһǹâĿƬ䵽
һ˿ʥ״̬޷ʹõģʥӴޱ֮ǰǲٳˡ
Ƭ˿ΧĺȻЩڣȴǸо͸ղкܴĲͬղֱͬһڵĿˮΣգڣ·ֱӱе
ȻܸоﻹһЩ飬ѾٵĿ
ղžʲô£üͷһ壬첽ܿҵһĹ
֮ǰƻɱʦ飬ûйעֱƻײ飬ʱоŷͬѰ
ȻһضĽϸ鿴һ£Ĺͷ̺ԪĿݹǣڷҲҲǷǳ״ȥһ׼Σ˿ԿЩԴԴϴð
һ¹Խ俨Ҫֻ֪зǳƿʦпܽһƷлƽԪܹʦѵҲԼϲƻһ彻ƿվȡڼ֮ʵ˿̵ƿѾǴʦˡ
Ҫһ˵ѣֻҪ俨Ϳ֪;
ӺƻһԪ˲佫ʮ׸ߵĹصһһһſƬ
ļߣúĵطᱻ֣Ͳ档
ȻһļߣЧȻԤϣǣŪһЩֺǲԼΧȻȦһЩһַǳǿķߣҪ֪޾Ŷסһ֪Ŀֲ
ʼںĴεѰҹȻ俨ռÿȡһɢһ֣ȵռ˳ʮ̧֮ͷһŷֺѾɢ٣¶˱ò


ھʮ ԮѨһ
һɢ̿Լʬ壬ЩʬֲһƬ޴ڣеѾ֧飬Կȥֱ壬Դﵽʮ
лһЩ;޴ľˡ
ܿϳˣЩʬ徹Ȼ֮ǰںǽ⼯ЩֻôںܿͷڣȻѾʧǸղſȻ˺ܶ࣬Ӧǽ֮ǰЩڵҲڣЩǿҪɵʮѡ
ֵֻǣΪʲôͻȻʧأš
뵽֮ǰǸʦľٶһ˿²⣬Ҫ֪֮ǰˣҲǱг䵱˼ƷȻһʼʦִ㡣ֻǶԷĿ֪ôΣӦѾˣΪԶһɴڿ֮ǰѪеһɴӦþ˵۹ľ޾š
һȻ˳һͷ޵ѪУкĬĬУĬĬʹﵽʮϵľ޾ţЩ޴׳֫ʹֲںصƤ֪ǿսж֮䣬涼ڲȷǾ˴Ҳûֲֿƣ޷צӺ;޴ЩǾ߱ġ
ĬĬȻҲǺ˷ܣĬĬǸӼֱһӵ
Ҿ֪˻ţΪں֣֪ʱ˭ȶûãֻȥʵģȻһͰĺɢˣĬĬ§ΧȥǸ߼ͳ˿ȥҫԼӢЩͳҲһΣ׷׹
˵۹Ȼ󲿷ֶǴҰĴڣ˹壬ȻòªľӢһòǫá
ʱԶƲУһһСӰҲ֣ȻٵսΪԮĬĬУһǽǽеսеһսĬĬѾ˿̿ȵһս޴ĵڶսĬĬ˷ѵ˵ʲôҲҪȥơ
ֻԸȻʱ޷ʵˡ
ʱԶӹâȻ䵽ĬĬǰһ֪ǴѶ֮ǰǱںΧǽڣ޷κδѶ˿̺Ȼǿԡ
һĬĬеɫͱˡ
ӵ£ʲôѪһʵ
ǴѨ﷢֮ǰžʮΧѨѾֵסǴ޾̾ԮĬĬݣ˿Ҳ֮ǰ֮ģ˭֪Ѩ˵۹Ҫԣ˵ķԴأҲҪʥأһݣ˵۹Ȼķѡ
۹ͬ˵۹岿ɣʱһʥѨҪЮԻкܶ岿ЭʱԪǿͻ߽⡣
˵۹˵һѣĬĬΪ˵۹ĻӣȻǱ˭
޾ź;ԮѨ
Ҳȥո֣ʱ˵ĬĬȻ֪˵ʵĬĬпºʵû̫ϵǱ˽ʱĬĬȻ˵۹ɳԮǶ˵۹ĻҾܾΪǲô뵽սУһ塣
Ϊ£ĬĬЩĸַ֮ΪҪһȺ˴ȥæǿй˽գŷų
˵ĬĬʮεģΪ鷳ʱûȥæ˿ǱȳԷҪæȥԮѨȻĬĬθ
·ѾѪἰˣȻĬĬû֪ǶԷԸ⣬ﲢûй෴һΣþһ˵۹Լһ˵ҲԲһ£ԮһҪġ
գĬĬд޾źѨǰϵսӿнӽٶȣȻսҪһЩʮӣѾ˴Ѩڵɽ
˵۹ģԿһ޴ޱȵ˳ǳأ˿ѾǱս֣˴ҹѾƳǳأ˱ȵѨڣӿпȥԿѹѹĴǰ͹Ѩǧˡ
ǧ߶ʮף˾޾֮⣬սϼû˭ܵеùЩˣ˿ڴѨǰĹڣսʿڷɱż̸ߴķµֵֻȻҲֻʱĹϵΪǱ߲дߴﵽҵĹž
ʤսǱߣûκֵܵž
֮ǰӾͰ˽ž˵ʷһ۾Ϳžݡ
߾ʮף˿ֲİ۾ˣ˵˿Կһαװ۰ҹϢ˯ʱ򣬶۾ţ˵Ǿ֮ս뻹Զʱ۾˾Ѿս˾ʾ
һʮ׵ıɽ֮ˣһӲı㣬ͷϴǱڣץһȫǺɵľ޴󳤽ſһ˲佫Ǳ⣬ϰ˶ɱ
һˣ߳һٰʮ׵֮
ͬһ֮Ƿңޱȣм޴ͬɽһɽ壬ŭʱ򣬿ҽۼս֮žΪǿġ
һĻҲǸоͷƤ飬ž֮һﶼҪʯ֮ʱǵһԼҲ޼¡
ò˵ΪԪǿ˵۹ԳƵǿ󣬼ܵžĽܼ֮á
˿̣˵۹ǿʮڵֵžЩĶԪһֶΣһһͷ峤ʮ׵Ǳϵˣٻǧͷǽ˺ҧֻ֣һˣͿԽ۾˵ֵס˸֣нʥĸ֣ҲһЩĸ֣͵һȻԻΪһͷ߳ʮףͷϳǵĹŹޣں棬гϰ˷ʦϵļӳָǿķ޴ϣҲ˿޴޿ԴﵽԪ߼ĳ̶ȣһˣŵס˱ɽ֮ˡ
һ֮гﵽԪ˸һǧ˼ʩչһ־޴ˮΣҾΧУֻȻҪά־޴ˮҪĵԪ󣬼ÿһߵ˼뵹أ֮ͻһ붥ǿֳսʮǿ׳սʿŽֽ޵еĹ赲
ֻıϾǳ֮ƣһ˵۹ļϣ޷Χ֮ˣһԷ˵۹ķϵ̾ͻ̡


ھʮ ԮѨ
ڹ۸˹ھ뻹ʮʱսڣһ۹ž
ȻӦž׻ɱһûǿķҲСһҪǣԷľ̫ǿöԷԺһǸ鷳ԲŽĿѡڶԷϡ
սϵʿԥִսϣʮڴ˿һ𿪻йԻɱԪ۷ֵں䣬ԷԪ߼ĸ֣Ҳֹ޶ԡ
ʮľ룬ڵܿͷɹٵڵ̺ڰ۾֮ϣѤ޴Ļš
޴ıըײ۾˽µĴض𶯣ӳȥʮͷ׼ȥ˺ҧǶǿľ˺飬ΧһЩʿһ⡣
ֲڻ̽ڽս˫סˣ֮ȻֹͣսĹȻûнһڻټʮöһν۾ڻС
һҲӦ˹ֻǸûֶιԶʮ⣬Ƿڿеս
ʱֳƼĺôսڰȫԵ˽ҴǵˣǹžҲԽʮľ룬ǧ׸߿յս
ޱѾ⣬һĵҩܽһžɱҲҪһž֮Ȼǿ󣬵һһһɹֻ׬⡣
Ĵž֮ŭޱȣȻ۾˱϶ˣ֪Էû
׼ʱǰ˴ƬķвԼ״ܿ췢˾սϵķ̿ʼ׼Ŀս
Ȼ˴ǱҲпвӣǾֻܱˣ֮ǰ۾˴ĹǺһ¶ԷȻɳǧдս
üͷһ壬սȻǳǿ󣬵ķвΧҲһ鷳ΪĿԿ϶ֻԪֺԪϽĸּ׵ֵܵĹ̫Ҳᱻ䡣
սսı񣬾ԲʧֻȵǧвΧͺѼں͵Զľˡ
зǿս϶ᱻǧвӻ䣬ǶԷжﵽԪĸֻ֣ΧսķвǿҲǼﵽԪ弶ĸ֡
̴߶צɳרŹǼﵽԪ弶壬мǷʿмǷԵĽ£ֻƬ̾ͱնɱ
ʣµĵ࣬ҲκսҿԶַεİ۾ڻŨվ̾;ϾɱһҪȸɵһžֻԼߵս˵۹пܻսʤԷžҲܷת˵۹Ľ֡
ȻҲ֪Լֵʱž϶޶ԣԼδܳɹֻҪϵĬĬд޾Ԯ˴ȫ𣬼ʣžҲǹʱǲҲˡ
еٶȺܿ죬һ͵ս˿̣Ҳ˰۾˵˿̶Է˿ڣЩطƤⷭ¶˹ͷ࣬һֱ۸ǲ֪٣Ǳڻըˣ۾ϵһֻ۾˿Ҳƻһ룬˷ŭʣµ۾ŲϿȻ֪ԷǺԼ˵ĳˡ
۲죬ԺȷžԪ߼ĴڣҶҪʯ֮Ҫܿͷһջޱȵ飬Ǿ͹˰۾˵
֮ǰԸʯ֮ˣӵмڶԺƵʯƤͻףǿԪ
۾Ȼûʯ֮˵ķȴ
Ǿǿޱȵ
ԷȻڿ˿ڣԿ۾ϵѪ⾹Ȼͬһ㣬ѣ˿ڣȻӵǿһ֮ǰ֪ܲѡ۾˹
ԭ˵һۣڶԷǿҲ𽥻ָһȡƽٻƽߺƻս
ʱû㵱ڱ¶ԼԾ˻ɱȻֻڹؼʱʹòЧûչ¶֪ŮҲòҪ¶ڷŭ֮ľӡǣܻܿΪ׷ɱĿ꣬ܲòá
ʵѾﵽ߼ʦı׼ӵǿͽԹžҲһս֮˵滹սΧսЩвӣͻԼõƾսǿĶԿջʮӣͿԽǧȫɱʱԶ̻֧֣İո
ʮɫȭݺ۾ˡ
޴ȭͷڰ۾˵ϣԷˣûǿ󻤼׵İ۾ˣҲòûȫ˿Ҳ顣
ĽȻֹˣðķһķαʮ˳ʮ׵ľ޴ͣȻſһ硣
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޴ĻӿγһƬ׵ľ޴𺣣˲佫۾ڡ¡ʦָ֮󣬲ѧĸ߼
ʮ棬ۼԿƱ̬ҪǣѾǽɻƽǳɱӣյ¡ʦ˵ƽ֮κԪֻܻҽȻֻôһţҪҪѺܶϺʱ䣬ҲΪʲô֮ǰսûʹá
һΣˣΪֲͬԹžκֶζֵõġ
ֲȵڵʮͷһͿϢ滹ҪңǺɫ棬˿ʩչģȴɫ档
ɫ浱У۾˷ĲҽУȻһЧˡ
ǾʱԶں;޴޼սıɽ֮ˣ˿ȴȻޣȻ󼸲ſһ硣

һɼűѩͱĺХֻգ֮ͽĻϨ𣬲ˣϾȻҲͬرһ㡣
Ǳɽ˾ȻȡһſƬӵð˼ߴﵽ׵ıɱ⼸޾ȻԪӵзצˡ
ٿ۾˴˿ǱϱյĲƲһֱۺһȶչ⣬ԼղĹǶôǿʮŻƽȻͬ죬ֻ˰۾˶ûȡһſƬһɰѪӿ壬ջٵĵط̿ʼµ塣


ھʮ ˵ķ
ʱڣ۾˵ƾȻǻָɣҲûӼΪ˿̱ɽѾֳǱݺԼն
֮ǰ˰۾˵ľٶŭž֮˻ûɽ֮
Է޴ıһĿĺ⣬նĺֱԽ˹ͷȻ͵һʱʩչײ֮ܿ⣬ɱ޴ĺǣһ̣ЩһƬ׵ıǣֱӽڡ
һ𱻱ģΧһЩܿĵùд󲿷ֶǾ˾ŵеʿЩһﻹû뵽Ǳ꼰㡣
ѨǱߣڶԭһǿԮ˷ܲѣǿԷȻ۾˴ĺ޻֮Ǽźû뵽һУͱɽ˸ɱ
һʱǱЩĿɿڴͲš
ɽ֮ǰûʹùһУȻսûʹȫֲ̫ˣһͽ׷Χڵһб⣬һô򣿡һ˴ŴѾڵĳս˵Ϊ˵۹ʿȻսǸʤ¹۹һս
ʶǸˣǵԪ࣬ϴڰٹϴͷеս˵ÿһҶɱԪ֣Ӧ϶֪˵۹ܵǰæһ˼˾һͷŹһ˵
֪ĬĬûУʱֻо޾ŲпŤתս֣ʦ壬ǣҲ˱ľ棡
Ѫ˾㿴Ǹ໹о𣿡ʱһףߴﵽף޴ͷ˳˵˾ĬĬеĸףҲ˵۹ĵ˵۹ϵĵһ֣ʹﵽԪ۷ĳ̶ȡ
ȻĿԲǱɽ˸ղʩչһеȷɱˣԽԽƵ֮ǰսʱûʹù˲ɱһЩͬľҲһûϢ֪뷨ǼȥҲˣǺܿҲս˫ͷǿߣһֳָֿͼڴ󴸣ͷϴͼߵ˵
ĬĬеֿѣܵʱĬĬоЭǸʱΪ˵۹ܾˣһĬĬйʱҲûֹλΪڿ˵۹棬ڣ˵۹Σ֮ʣ˼ȴǺԥǰΪһҫеˣҸоȻ鵽زѵʬ岻ܣֳҲңһԷһǲȥȣ񲻸һ£һۻʲôۣҲҪǵѣʬ壬ǣĬĬҲнˣ˫ͷ˵̷꣬һХƬ֮䣬ͳϰսʿЩ˵۹ĻһٵĴڣӦĺ׼һ𷢶档
̫ðˣҪȥҲӦȥ˵۹ͳ˧˿վ˳һսʿϴźصİףΪǿ׳Ȼһһ˫ս
УΪͳ˧㻹Ҫָս˻ȥ˵ָ꣬ϵĿ䣬ȡ˼ſƬ
ֻһɹҵķڿһ˽ϣһָƬԼӳֿ֮磬սʿٶȴ֮⣬ĿƬûһͷ޴ޱͬСɽһޡ
߼˵۹У߼Ҳ֮٣֮ǰ֪Լʹ߼ЧҲ̫󣬶ΪͻϮȴǿóֵǱɽƬ̡
˵۹ʿһ棬ǵĿֻһǾǻ麮ǵѽȳסɹ
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ȿҪ͵ǸոͷŵǸ߼
ͷȫӰһľ޴֮ͬһͷײһǽǽֻۣÿɱһˣ޴޵ƾһ֣󣬾޴޵Сһ룬ų嵽ɽǰȻȻײȥ
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Ҳ˶ѡ
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۾ͺǣ˿ôܷȳȥǷ˺ݣ޴ưȥĿ겻ǿִҪҲ϶ᱻǾ޴顣
飬ȻҲ֪ټ˵ȳԼҲǱɣֻܺ࣬ۼ۾˾޴ƺݺһ֮£ֻҡͷ̾Ϣ
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ò˵ս൱׼ȷһ͹Ч۾˴˿˼޴˿ڣҽ˵Ҳ֣ûнղŰµ̧¶ԽԽǿĿ־塣
Ƭ֮󣬾Ҳ˲Ծǰ۾ƺ޷ֱ̧ˡ
Ȼ֪ʲô£ʶһѵļƻХһ̱һʼҵĹ˽ҲһȻ˽Ҳܴ󣬵Ǵ˿Ѿһжȥˡ
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˿̣һ˽ֻʣ²ʮ
۾˴˿Ѿһ״̬ɼˣ۾ʢʣΪž֮ӵеǡ


ھʮ ˿Ƭɽ
һ֪۾˵ԣǴһʼѡĿͲѡΪ۾˸һѪţһ㡣
ֻͬҲС
ɽ˻ӽնľ޴γһƬУò˵ֹ˺󣬱ɽ˵ĺͬ˲佫һɱЩ꼰ﵱҲдﵽԪ弶ģͬ˲
ɽҲΪɣʵҲ̸֮࣬оʧȥ֪ͬһ
Ǿ˲䣬ڵľ˻꿨ɢһǿԪһʵϲû
Ͼ˵Ĺ˵ᱻֱɱȴ漣Ļˣһ˾˻꿨ı仯
˿̣ϵȻûбɾˣʵϴ˿̾˻꿨Ѿγһּܴڵ״̬
Ǿ̬׻˾˻꿨ĿȨ
֮ǰҪþ˻꿨ֻܽ伤Ĵ۾ǻΪ޴ľˡ
ΪԵʣûбȴ˾˻꿨
Ƿ״̬Ҫ֪˻꿨ȻԱΪˣŵͬҲʧȥһЩ
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ΪбڻǿĻԪֻϣΧıڻһ֣һ˻ռ䣬ԷֱſƬһ׵ںСΧڼӳ־޴弶һǾ˿ν˿ǾǱǰ˱۾˵ͼֻо˲ʩչͼĿƬ
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Ϊʯ֮ľӡǣҲʯ֮ļ˿գ˿Ҫľһžо޴󹥻ġɽ̡
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һΣֻͬһ˲ĽᣬһʧȥȻܻܿ̽䡣
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Ȼ۾˵һΧıֱ飬׼ǰڽתԪأȻٽµıڻףԼֱ뵽֮µı㵱УȻΧȫ֮ǰڻıˮ棬ֶΣͷϰ۾˵Ĺ
Էƽѹףȴûв˿صԼƿ
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Ѿ˾˿ɽ̡˿״̬Ҫһž˿ʵҲ԰쵽
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Ϊԭ㲻ٽ۾ˣתĿŵ˱ɽϡ
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һĻ̫죬̫ͻȻ˷Ӧʱ򣬱ɽѾأ˲䷢һŻƿΧıɳ
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һĻûκγɣȡ޽ͬʱȡһŻƽӽݺݵĴɽ˾޴Ĳ׵Ǿһ֮һҪɱ˹Чġ
˲ǿƱɽ˵ı㻤ףڱɽ˵ĲϺһ޴ȱڣɽ̷һҽУͬʱĻƽϵİķ
һ̣һʹһϸİɫ׵Ȼ£ݺݵĻڱɽ˲ϵ˿ڵС


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ھʮ ֮׵ʤ
һ˲䣬Ѫɡ
ͬյͨĵУһ뵽һǾ˵ķͣҲֵס޾ŵĳ档
һߴﵽʮ׵ľˣӭѪޣȭͻȴٶȸľһײɣһģо˱Ӳ˺ұۣȵ䵽ϣѾǱ񱼶ľ޲̤ࡣ
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ӳѪľ޾ţѾΪһƲɵĺ֮ݿ࣬ƺǵĵ˶ֽһ㡣
һĻѨǱߵҲϾ޾ţлԾ˴ʼ˷Ľ
˿̣ǱΪǿսɽ֮Ѿɵ֮Ϊ֮ǰ˿ֲĩл꣬˿ڻָУֻһ۾˴ս˵۾ǿϾֻһˣֹģսһҵģǹžҲС
޾źܿͬиط˺÷飬棬ʿһ棬ֱӽ˾Ŵɢ
Ǳ߳ԭ˵ľһ壬ʣµȫһЩϲӣЩԸȻû˵۹ϺֱӱĵһЩСѾǷֿɢһƬ֮󣬺ܶ嶼ӣʵǱ޾ŴˣΪЩߴﵽʮ׵ľˣҲײɱѪģǾ޴צӼֱͬÿһλ裬·ոһߴô֮ƥС
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ƣһת
Ǿ޾ŵǿᣬֻо˺ƶԷķͣƴͷ϶ᱻԷӵѪ޾ŵ£һ˺ƶԷķͣڵ˵ĴǼġԭɵĹž˿̾ȻֻһսһžȻǿ˭ǲ𣬵ԺķѴǣƣȻɵıһ޷ܹžǵĲӸɵֻʣ˾ҲûãԪ߼ĸ֣ʮ˴ҪӲҲԻԴᱻɱ
£о˶֪սʤ̬ȥֻһӽ˴һ´öԷ޷
ڣ˾ŵĴ󲿷ֱӵӣײ֧Ǹ޷һ𣬶Ǳ߰۾һ˺ۣȻӵǿˣȻҲ֪һν˵۹ļƻʧˡ
Դ𣬺ְ̣һİˡ
ˣ۾˷ŭ´Ϊͻƽһȫ濪սעǲܽȫϣһҲΪ˵۹ʦı׼˵۹Ӷõ˵۹ǿı۲ľ޾š
ƻھ޾Źʱעʧˣ۾˲ɵӦǱǸ˴ʦƭˣȻˣȥҲûκ壬ңһλʧһž
Ҫսǵʧ̫ˣɽǱߣ֮վɢ޾ƣ֮£Ǿ޾Ҳеһ˿սǹžǿ
Ȼֻ֮һˣ׵ߣŵҺͳȵǸһ޷սʤĸо
ˣ˱ɽôģǸϮҺɱɽ˲ͨˣҴӶԷϸܵʯ֮ϢҲ˵ʯ֮Ǳɱģԣ˰ɣűɽʬ壬ӡǺǿ󣬲䵽˵ȥԺֻҪӡûʧð˱۸ɽסеǸĻᣡ۾һľˣͷԼֻ֮ͬ
߷ŭĽкһûپܾǼߵԶɽ֮ʬǰʬϣʱԶսѾΧǵǧвӣʼں͵ž
͵ڻҾ˺Ͱ۾Ͽ˻޷Զ߿յս̴ֻбߣս׷ʮŷΪҲ֪ڻ𲻿ɱǿĹžνĪ׷οѾ
ߣ˵۹ȻһƬǽ壬˶ڻʤ
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޾ź;һսȻֱӷ˵ˣʤǵʧҲܵ޾űͲĳԱ˼ԱɣͷѪ󣬼ǾҲڣҪϢ
һƬûһطǸɾģǴսĲҾʬأѪӣѣ飬ߵžս򣬸ǵǻ桢ҽЩطɢźı
ܸܵ͹ž֮սĿֲ
˿ĬĬвĸףһ˵۹ĸ߲һһƬˣһ˵۹ˡ
ףģֵܷǳǿ϶£ҶģĬĬд˿̼ᶨ˵ˣҲ۾ĵ֮ɫ
ҵĶӣסֶ˵۹ǣҸղҲǸֵܵҾ˵ĹֻǡҪ׼ڽܸܵҾ˵ǿ󣬿˵ɽ˱Ҫ˲١
һƬ򣬵ǹѵĴغͱӿҽѵǰ棬һ޴ӣͬɽһҽء
֮ǰǱһº뵽Ҳûг֣ԿŻô˵ԼĶӲҪ̫ġ
ֻǵȵߵǸ޴ǰŷҽ֪ʲôʱȻѾ̣ˣӲĺɫҲϣȻһ˪
£ԵĹ£ܶǳҵĵطôܻ˪ʵЩ˼
ĬĬ̴켸˻ȥϸ鿴һȻǱ˪Ǳ̹ǡ
ʲôĬĬһĿɿڴҪʱˣ׿һҲһԡ
ʱս˼ˣĬĬҲţһֳַۣȵߣֱ˵ע⡣
⡭ⲻǰ𣿡۾һǰԪߣ֪˵۹ҲǷǳ𾴶Է
һ֮󣬰߿˿ҿڣȴǵ׼κ˿
Ҫ󣬿Ȼܾ˵ߵݣǵֵ˵ĽһϣҪ˵۹һЩ飬Ҳܾ


һ ۷
ΪʲôҪػȻ֪Ϊʲôںʯ֮ӡǣ˿̵Ҳʮƣ֮϶û£ʵ԰߲ŻҪ
ڵ˵۹սķʬʱ˿̶ڶʮ׵ĵһΧԭǳȵҽǴ˿̣Ѿɢ˼Ӳʯˣ˿ɢһɹɾ˵ĺΧʯҲΪʲôͷĵϣֱ˪Եʡ
֮ǰԵɺ֮£ڱ״̬¼ڵľ˻꿨ûб仯ɹԴﵽ߼ɽͻ̣֮޽ƻԪͻƽףһϮɱɽ֮ˡ
˵Ϯɱ̾ԿϽ̿ˣԪĴ̿ͣޱȡ
ɱɽ֮֮֮˵ķŭУò˵֮ǿǶԷһʼĹֱмܣ֮󱻺ҽС
ǸʱѾˣȵҽȻֲܿڻֻܵ˺ȴǱ֮ʵʵһȭ
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ĬĬд޾Ÿ֮Ͷ治ᣬõؾѰ߲ȡɽϵѪҺ֮⣬ϴӱɽ˵ɫѪҺУԷľӡǡ
֮ǰҲ֣ڱ˼սʱϵձɽѪҺصľӡǣԲΧҽں֮½±γ浱еı˪澰
ֻϧ۾˺Ҿ˳룬߱ɽ˵ʬ壬Ҳֻ˱ɽ֮һӡǣźܽԷӡȫգģԼıʵԻﵽԪ߼ΪˣԿԴﵽԪ߼۷壬շŭʯͱ˪л׵ֱҾˣҲа˳ɵİտԽɱ
ֻ֮һӡǣ˵Ҳ̥ˣ˺ܶ࣬ԪȼȻûͻƣҲﵽԪ۷塣
ȻûոӡǣһźһջǾǱɽ˵ı
һѽ˿䵽ϣҾ˺Ͱ۾ߵʱæûнһߣԶ˵һջһѱҪǣǱ;޴ֻھ̬²ʹõľԼ˻ûѩ̿
ŵʱ򣬾˻ԼֱֳҪնɱžҲҪ׺ܶࡣ
ԼһεһһҹֱڶƵضսʿѣȻȻըһˣΪǵϮǲ·˷ܵɫ
һʱ嵽λãΪһѽ̫޴˵۹Ҳûа취ߣΪϵһЩƿʦҲѲʴ½һһֱר˿أ˿ȥǰ˵ֱӽһѾ޴ɡ
˵۹ǱߣŶԷСűҲԼĵز
õϢĿĬĬла̸˹ǵû£ƱǰҪǿĬĬжĿɿڴȻ֪ô£Բûо档
Ҿ֪û£ĬĬһסļǸмһæ˵۹Ȼᱻݣ˵˵۹ľˡ
ǿ˿ҲǼޱȣ˫ͷҲöԷʱԼͰ۾˼սɽΧʱ⿭ʹһ˾ƴԮǶԷԼҲʱ˿Ƭܽɽ˻ɱ
˵۹ȻӮʤܴ̫ΪʦԵʣ˵۹岿֮һʦһѣ˵۹ĹϽʣµУҲһִԶ磬Ϊ˵۹ܴ󣬶ʵηˣѡҲ
Щ˵۹岿䣬һսҲأǿľ޾Ҳɡ
Щ˴УĬĬе˶һΡ
ȻԸϣһʤǸĴҲʵ̫һεٶϮôǺѼֵ̾Ϣ˵һսҲˣҪȫָҪʮµʱ䣬ΪܵǾ˵Ĺ˿ڱŰԪǸ߼˿
ʱ򣬰ȴҡͷΪ˵۹ӦûΣղŶԣΪգʤˣһҲ֪˾޾ŵǿǵҪ÷ںͻƽһսУ̫ܼ˵۹ߣΣմһǳǳ壬ɱž룬Ǳ߲޶ԣΣʵǱߡ
˵ͬʱ߿ûбֵĺܾȣΪҲ뵽ֿܡ
˵ûҲ֪⣬Ǳ߾Իȡʩ𣬻ܿ죬ͻϣĹžǣʱԼؾԲֵܵ
ʵҪ˵սͱԼǱ߻ԶԶȲ˵۹˵۹ԼǺʨǱôֵ
ȻȽĿƼ˵͹ƻὫƵҲû޾žԺǿţһȫ֮ûеڶ·ߡ
ò˵뿼ΣգֻһεΪлᣬǻؽɽ˻ɱ
£֪ȥԼڵأȫ뵽һıʵķΪһ˰򼶾֣ۺʵҪඨȻȫ
ģȥ㣬ҿ϶޾ǰ֧ԮĬĬʱظ˵һΣ˵۹û˷ԣΪ֪˿̣ѾѪˣһپһپ١
˵ͷֻһһ
뵽Լﻹ彣뵽ǸʥУ˽ʥ塣
˵۹оǹϵ壬ڽʥУЩԳơ塯ǳ⣬Ϊʵǿ󣬵λȻȻ˵۹ʵ߸һξʥҲûκαʾ


һһ ɽ
ᵽʥ壬һȻҲֻܾʵ棬֪ܿ˽ʥλá
ҺһȥĬĬʱеȻѾѪ֪ΪʲôҪȥʥ壬ԸҲҪһȥĶ֪ܲĬĬеĴ㣬ȥ˵ʥع˵۹ʥǿޱȣܻع飬ôԻἫǿ˵۹ʵʱǾҲаյֵ
һˣȻҲ֪ĬĬеĴҲǰٷֵ֧֮ģΪ˵۹ĵȻ֪ʥǿ˵۹ΪϺǿ֮һ˵壬ʵԳƵԪǿ
ֻʥĳԱʮߣ˵ֱһ㣬Ǿǲ£ˣֻҪҲǣǾͲ档ʥסĵطҲǼΪأ˵ڽɽϣɽԪΣյ֮һײеǿͷͽǰ
һûдɫ磬˵۹ȴǸṩٶȼķǾӥ
ſ˫ﵽ׵ľ޴ӥϳͬëЩëʵҲͽûʲôˣЩëϣʱʱ׵ӥֵ
ʣһʵǳǿķӥޣˣȴǷеٶȣԪӥٶҲŽǰȥԣȻٶϲɫ磬Ҳ൱ˣٱȷɻҪܶࡣ
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ǽʥǿ˵սʿôʥսʿеսʿȫΪսһһ
˴ξĪĦǰͷӥ·еһ㣬ٷɹɽɭСϪһ֮Ѿǵ˼ΪƫƧ򣬶ڴ˿̣һɽ
һֵĴɽ
ɽϣûֲֻһСһ·𵹲ĳҴ̣ԶԶȥͬһֻ޴Ĵ⬣ļֱ̼ûκ½֮ɽһ֪ЩɽҵʵؼΪӲ̺̫Ԫ·һɽһ㣬ҫ֮£ԷһֳؼӲĽ
ˣӥһ֮󣬼ҲоһɼӽɽϴһԵĬĬиǲѾקĺݺݳײǽɽ
ãһ̴߶צȫȽԼӥһץסȻȫһεǿһ֮ȫΪֱӽӴӥ޶ȥϰԶʹһĪ
ĬĬУ˿̺ӥѾϴ棬ͻȻ٣ͬڵһȥǧһĬĬץסĬĬеӥΪˣͷ޴ӥ޲ҽţӶҪƽ⣬޷ֵǾ޴ͬһʻȻݺײǽɽһࡣ
һҽȻֹļ˲佫ӥ޴ѡ
ĬĬУΣղûнӸղͿԸоһӽɽϴԼԿ˷һĬĬȻѿƣҴ˿ץĬĬϣоԼǿ
Ǵһ޴ޱȵĴϸһ۽ɽȻԼнףԿ϶ᱻӰ죬ĬĬϴűԼҲصףܵĴǿӥޣë̺ԪԪأڽɽ˵Ǿһӥȥ
ѵףһ㣡̴Ϊܵ޴ĴԼĬĬжЩ
ĬĬҲɵ֪ô£ϵ׶һᱻɽݺݵȥϸԿɽкܶʬźкܶףеѾǸ࣬ƺһͻữɷɻҡ
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Ųȵ棬ĬĬЩ£ʵǸղסȻǺܿܺͷӥһǺ«ˡ
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˵ңҸҲ֪Ϊ˵۹ʥ̫İˣǶǵ˽Ҳ̫٣ĬĬн͵
˵ͷȻ򽣷ɽȥϻĽɿԸоѾڿԿƵķΧ֮ڣһȡĻͻȻ
طĬĬһµ뷨
ɽǼḶ̌紵棬Ĺ죬ＫΪߣûһ˿ֲ滷ԳƵǶӣһֻʵҲǳǿ
ĬĬѰɽ·ʱһȺģĹ֣һȺײеʳħԪʳħҲǳ壬ǵʳǵĵˡ壬ϳŴֲڵƤֱۺָܳϳųͬһָף˺ʯûбӣȴһ˫Ѫ۾;޴죬Ǽͬһݶһ
ĬĬ֮ͣЩʳħǿζʳһһΧ˹еγɰΧǷǳƻʹûеһʱ䷢ڵȴᡣ
ĬĬд˿ʶȡ̸оһǿŷӦﲻֻȡһЩ￨׼ս
Ӹղſʼһ⣬ǾȻǽʥأôʥòý
Խʥ˽⣬ǿ϶ãʥǿԸ⣬Ҳ⽣ɽйϵȡ޽Ȼ̸оϲľ޴Ž
ǱĬĬѾٻͷԪļūֻͣʳħѾǿٳ


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߳ĬĬмŷƬƬ̻ɻɵĻߣٳȥǰʳħ̱ûĬĬлûüкãʳħͻƻ棬˹ǵӣȻûôˡ
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ĬĬּ˼ŹȻЧֻۣǽʳħˣʵЩƬԽĵ˻ɱˡ
ūϣǽսūͣЩʳħ·˿˵ҲǸողһ㣬ЩʳħƤȥʮֲִڣкܶϸСƬ飬еǺۣȻûּӲȴǿԵֵ޴ĹԸǣȻ浶ǹĽսӿס
ҲϽɽΧĻЩΪܵ޴Ӱ죬ѱʹãﲻעƤļͣרŵֵĹö֮γֶص
ʳħٶȺܿ죬ͳӶצӹĬĬУĬĬвô˵˵ĻӣһʦΪ׸ߵˣȻôʹˡ
Ҫ˵צӣĬĬеצҲ
ܿĬĬоͺͼֻʳħսһͬܵ˹ֻʳħһЩʳħǳƻצӾǳץӣֻϧЩʳħ˶֡
ЩʵֻԪļʳħҪʲô޽ȻȻһĽնֱӽһ͵ϮʳħնΡ
ʳħƤԵֵ޷ֵĽС
ʬδأһܳ޽ͬǵ㣬һǹ⣬⼸˹ʳħɱЩʳħÿһÿһǴ̴Ҫֽһ򵥵֣ɱһַǳĽеʱЧȴҪãΪֱӣЧҲ١ӥ򵽵ĽȻҲ彣ʮֻһУҲףټͶ󽣼ޱȣʩչҲǵӦ֣·Ѿ˺ܾһ㡣
ֻʳħͬʱأе
ʳħȻһĻסˣɱЩʳħֻգ֮䣬һߵĬĬȻҲͣɱеٶԸϲ
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֪ͨͬ𣿡һûֹ˴ɱ·ϻһֽҪʵսĥҪǣΪɽĻǿĴÿһޱȣĽǳȻһּγһֶķ
ţĥɾͺͳɳٶȻط죬ҲЧֻôܴ
ûֹʳħϣԷ࣬һʵսĥĽŻӴ죬Ÿ
ܿ죬ǱĬĬҲɵΧʳħҲ൱ɣͨ籨ţҲһվһм
ֻȵһʫħ֮ĬĬвɵˡ
һʳħԸ󣬶ʵҲǿҪǵȻﵽ١
ٴĽǶȿȥ˷ȫʳħ
Щһ֮ûеһʱĬĬнǽΧͬʬϻȥȻʳȻЩʳħǳײУȻԼͬʬҲԡ
вУĬĬɫˣʵĬĬûаգ㲼һĬĬȶȥȻԼԸЩʳħ
ĬĬȻԼУвУ˵вУҾ㿴вУ
˵꣬ȻǿһֱӻӶצʳħ˹ȥ
˼۾֪ĬĬȻǿôʳħҲ϶УԻǲһȻĬĬУֲסͽ뿨ڶϢ
ĬĬûֻȻĴԽԽҲ֪ĬĬеֶΣԷп϶аӵҲͲȥ
ԼǵֳֽʼȥΧʳħսɱʵսĽ
ɱֱӣͬǵ㣬򵥺ֱӵķʽɱˣ٣ʳħûзӦ֮ǰнء
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һнҪ߼ˣ罣Ҫ߼ҲֻǼ򣬲ûʵʩչɾһᡣ
ʵʩչʱ򣬶ĽڽΧԶῨƬͷţǿɱѾ۽һʩչ֪һĲΪȻʧˡ
һգƿγһۼǽĺۼ۽ǽ⽣ӡڿУá
ȻӴ⽣۵壬ܵǿĹֹǳģڿһѷޱȵĽС
һ룬ƾջնʮΧ鲼۽Ǹ˲һֲĽ壬һ̤룬ȻܵҵĹ
Ϊ۽ȼܸߣҲգһʩչʧˡĽֻڿͣƬ̾飬ʧ١
Ȼûô򵥣֮䣬ΧʮʳħѾԴɱȫɱȴһδϵնһ
һ֮ͬУû̬ĿͬնһѺۣȻصһѣγһȻը
ʧˣüͷһ壬۽ͺʩչٽɽΪųӰ죬ҪƿؽеķҲ൱ѡ
ʱԶһЦ
޴ѧϰߣˮƽҲɽʩչ㿴ʲô۽ЦһӰӳеһѿгˢˢˢϻһ⣬ЩͬӡڿһòɢΧγʮۡ
Щ۽ΧʮʳħУмʳħҪֱܳӱ۽ɱͬʳ
˼ʳħʣµʳħѧˣܣֻʵʵվԭء
ʱ۽ûɢͷ·ڿкƯʮεĽһ㡣
ûжŴ˿վھԼԼĪʮԶǸˡ
ǵȷһˣǿ׳ĳ޴󣬷ɢſֲϢǸ߰Ͳмʣ϶ǽʥˡ
ͬʱʳħƺʲôæɢߣΪطҲ˽ʥˣȥʮЩʥ˶Ǵ鲼·֣峤ÿһ·ʵУɢſֲѹơ


һ Ѫ
ʣͻȻֵЩ˾ǽʥĳԱЩʥĳԱһ־չֳǼΪֲʵ
۽ûյĽԷʩչֱӽЩʳħ壬ΧʳħͬĲʬߣ۽ԭزܶʳħֻʵʵԭء
ĬĬд˿ҲǻָԭΣվߣͽʥӴҲǵһΣȻһţǶԷʵ̫ǿֻһ˾Խеʳħ壬ȻԸϣĬĬ֪ԼͶԷƺҲ˲١
ˣʲôˣΪʲôҪɽ˵ʵҲ⽫һЩĵʳħһնɱղʩչǸʥԱ˿ͬʱһӣڿе۽ֱ趯ʣʳħȫնʬ
ʣֶѾﵽ˼ĵز˿峤ԳһĴֿУԿԿԱĬĬгεĵ⡣
ᣬЩˣʽҪʼˣǱ뾡ϻȥʱ⼸ʥĳԱЩͷ˵ˣʱĬĬвſЩԱһ·糾ͣȻǴոոϻڽ뽣ɽʱżȻĬĬС
ǵӣӦҪ¼ȥ졣
ǣ˾ȻĽҪŪô£Ҫ֪н׼й¶ˣǸԱͷҲص˵
ǺǵıȽʽʲôᣬҪϻȥˣɽţҪܣ˻ãһԱ˵꣬ȡһſƬһѳǰһץס׳ĬĬǰ׵ĵط֮
һ̣ðһɹâγһԲΧʮ׵ķΧ֡
һĻСĬĬУ𶯣򿨣κ춯һѽὫնɱӦ弶ǧ𶯣
ĬĬв֪Ƕڽʮ˽ȴ֪õʥ͵彣ܵ򿨣ой֡򿨡ĽܡʵϣҲһֽҲֱӰɿƬʹãֽһγɣκη紵ݶᱻնɱԪ弶ĸ֡
ĬĬҶ
ʮԱ״ת뿪ǽԱҲ룬Ȼ˿ʵʵǰʸܣҲҶǽ򿨣Уֻƶһָ̱նɱţԣ
˵꣬ҲתȥȻڽʮš
еԱ뿪ЦЦʥ壬ǿǿ󣬵̫ԸˣΪԼǿģѵ֪ˣɽɽ
֮ǰһֱԼԪӵл꿨˵練ƣԶԷûпԪ֣ϾԪҪԸЩʳħҲӦ練ơĬĬԪ弶ЩһҲȻΪʵᳬȼһһ弶Ȼ㹻ˡ
һ̣˿壬ǰһ߳߳˲䣬һѲڵϵĳ˲ʧѾǳǰӭն
ٶȼֱ쵽£Ԫ弶ĸ֣Ӧʱ䶼ûоͿֱܱնɱ
ٶȸ죬޽һ⣬ӽһնڿһΪ̵Ľۡ
⽣ͬԽĽޣնĳ£ֱӽԷնΡ
ž
һ죬ʧǳ󻯳ĿƬɢԪ
Ҿ֪а취ĬĬЦĻһ壬ѾĿͷˣĬĬпܵģԸҪֻҪӷԸͺã൱ʡġ
ȻĬĬҲ֪ûƭղĲаɵҶ϶ıնɱ
ЩԱղ˵ıȽʽʲôʱʵ飬֮ǰԷȻӲ󣬵ҪĬĬ˵۹Ļӿ֪֪
ֻĬĬһãȻıѾõĻش
ˣǸȥ֪ˣʮʥĳԱǴôżǽʥʲôˣ˵˵һᣡ˵
ò˵ĵлǷǳǿġ
˿̽ʥ廹ܵǳ˴£ڼɽʥڣ˿Աԡ
һƺƴˣ󲿷ֶʦʦͷʮԱЩԱЩͬƤЩɫͫҲһ˿˿âЩԱȫ壬ŶʦԱ
ЩʦȻʮʥԱһģʱûв뽣ʥ˵ֻۣǰվһߣ˿ɼͫԱͷһǽʥѾ˺ܾãΪһ峤ʧ٣ķʵڵʱѡһ峤ʱˣ
ס죬˹Ĳ¶ǱˣѾ壬㻹ʦʲôʸ˵ģʥΣҲûйϵٵһֻԱȴʵǿ̬ȻͷǼ͵ԱһˣһۿŶĶ˹һ߰һ黳
˵ûϵûϵ֮ҲǽʥĳԱҲкܶѾѡ֧ңңѾΪʥıȽʽԽһ峤ҪǸǿû׵峤ԱһϲĶȴά֧ѾΥĴͳ˹˵꣬˿һŭɱһԱȻЦһǾķʽ⣬б£ڱȽʽʤңȥԲϻӮңǾ͹ǿҺܻɣһԼ峤ûеķҲҲμӱȽʽ
˵꣬˹ͷЦʮͬҲЦֹ
˹İ࣬źһǰҪʲôΪʲôʦ˹һЩʦļһûһǺöʱ򣬴ʮԱ֮ǰİˡ
ǽʥˣԣһνӵľ̼Ϸأڷص;УպĬĬС
ܿ죬ĬĬҲĵĸպÿһĻ
ĬĬڿƤЩϣͫкâĶ˹Աɫһ䣬ǶѪˣֻк˴ʦҩŻЩһѾǶūºͶǸ쵰Ҳйϵ


һ Ƚһ
ĬĬҲ˹֮ǰΪסİ˶ĿɿڴȻǵ֪УԷ˲ͻƽ
һĪҲǺͶ˹ǻ쵰һģɱȻҪǰһԵͬ齫סʱ˹Ǳ˶ڣʱòҪĬĬоô˵ע£ߵȻΧȻûһȥѯʡ
ʥΪǶ˹һģ˹ѹʶĬĬУȡ峤λõģȻ޹ؽҪˡ
ĬĬ棬žôҡڵĸ᲻ʲô鷳ڿǽʥ˿˴鷳˵ǹ˲Լˡ
˵˵ǶѪ˰ɣҲ²³˵˼ԼǼһˡ
ᵽѪˣĬĬһ
»Ҫ֮ǰ˵Ǽǰ˵ţ˵˵۹һݵܵ˵Ľ޾ǰԮΪǸݵ˵۹ǳҪһԴԴ㣬Ҿ˵۹׶Զ˵۹ǲ˾޾ǰԮ
Ϊ֮ǰĬĬб˽գԿһΪ˰ĬĬе飬Ϊָӹ٣޾źʮǰȥ
Σֱӵ˺мƱںĽ
ǼŵҲһ·棬˵ʵʱĬĬоͷ˲Ծ⼸ϵƤЩɫͫЩâȥһֹŹֻ֡ʱĬĬв֪ô£Ҳɵ԰ױ⼸ˡ
·ϣʦϰʦЩʦҲԸ£һæ˵۹Уʦǵλܸߵ壬ʵǿĬĬвҲǵͷͬ⡣
ȴǸԼ鷳
ڵǸݵ֮ĬĬвŷ־˲ӾȻѾ룬ʱɫǾʹϢһٻȥ
ڰҹǽѾǳ֣˶Ǹݵ㵱СĬĬյ˵۹ΪĴ˲׹ֻΧǡʱĬĬоһδɱ
ǱΧһҹͽʦĳԱϮĬĬеĴʣĬĬֶξˣߵĻƴֿͱţŽЩͽһ򾡡
ĬĬзЩͽ֮ǰŵļŹˣ֮⣬ЩѱУвĬĬεˣǸʱƺϴһ㣬һֵʮַƫִ
ܿĬĬоͷǺ֮ǰŵһƤְɫ۾кâ֡ĬĬһһЩ֪ʶԨŽʺо˼֮󣬵óһۡ
ǱǳаˣǵѪҺ˰ɫԣԽǶѪˡ
ץסͽҲʦˣͨĬĬ֪ЩѪ˶Ǻ˴ʦƵľ綾ҩŻӣһ־綾ҩ̻ḯʴ꣬Ϊ߹
֮Ҳǵ˵ͷʵϴӸղʮѪʦԱ֪ºͶйϵ˵ĶԻϿȻǸ˹ĽʥԱ峤ʧ٣ûм̳е峤ΪɣʥʥıȽʽ
˵ˣǱ˧˭ڱȽʽӮˣ˭һ峤ڽʥУ峤Ȩǳ
ҲΪʲô򵽽ʥͷϵԭܵõʥٶ׽ʥս⿿ǵʵԵֵǧˣҪǣʥߣ¾Ԫ߼۷ĸ֣Ҳɱ
ԷǲҿƺҲпܳɹ۹ȻǿóǸ˹ļһʵѾӲԪҲǿϽʥ彣ĽʥԱʤʵǲࡣ
ʱ񻷹ˣȴɨһˡ
һ׷ĽʥԱ
ԱЩΪϳĽʥǰԼʽǸ
ʱõ˽ʥʧĻһõϢԷֵ򣬳ɹĹ黹ѧϰ
ûһ˽ʽĻԿ϶Լ벻нĳɾͣڳڣʽǿжٴζΪģǿС
ԿǸĽʥипͻͬʱҲһ˿мܵʱԷ̬ǵõĺô
ʵǸĽʥҪע⵽ƺҲʲô¶˲˼ɫȻеǸСޱȵԪȾߣȻǳɳֵزΪʥ곤ĳ֮һȻóԼĿǰʵ¶ԶǶԷĵ֡
ֻĽʥҲûбʾʲôҲ͸ĵϸϾֻйһ֮Ե
˹бҪбȽʽûΪǳʥ飬峤Ҳ
ܿ죬˵һ޴ƽ̨ϣǽбȽʽĳأƽʱӦϰĳ
ʥĳԱӳʱҪϰҪΪһʥսʿҪӵ峤ֳǸӣһһÿһ峤Ƿǳ˲
ϰҪͨö࣬ٻûеõϵսʿ˿ҲܣϱźŵģϰҪ峤СȻܵɽǿӰҲСϰľʽֻнǽģ峤ȫɽɡ
ʥ嵱ɶ˹һ˹һֵǽʥѵĬĬУûκҲȥΪ漰˴ȿ˵һʦڸǿɲһ£Ȼʦǹ׶㰵ѷСһûд
Ƚ󣬶˹ֱȥȡ峤Ȼһһ޴ʯͷϿԼ֡
ǱȽʯֺ󣬾Ҫ˵սûսʤôΪʥ峤
˹ĳʮ־޴أ˿ܵɽӰȻ󣬵·Ӱһ㣬ɻ衣
ʵϵڽʥ峤ˣСҪִܵӰ죬ĥǵʵ˹ԾһʵԱڽɽûзϡ
㲻ǲȽӮҶ˵̴ߣȻһܴӮҵԱսʥĴͳҽΪһ峤ҲսңǱûѣȽʽʥׯϣԵʱ˲СˣҲǻã˹սƵˡ
⻰һ۾ˣΪίĽʥҪ峤ĶӣǼ
һԵĬĬ˵һû㣬Ϊôæһɵķǽʥˣһѵɡ


һ Ƚ
Լһɽʥʮ£һǽ峤Ӧʥ£һ¾뷨ӽʥ£ֻᣬȻŹ
Ǳ߼ֳϰȻ֪ԼܺͶԷ峤⣬ҪȥⲻΪԼΪĸס
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Ҫ˹ڼ㣬ʵͺǿһܸоٴ峤ûУ²Ķ֡һ峤ϳ˵Ҳ֪˹ıֻ˵ģ¶˹޿֣ȻԷġ
ʥߣûһܺͶ˹ģǵʵǿһϣҲԪΪϣǲܲμӱȽʽģܲμʽˣǿҲԪ弶ǶԷĵ֡
һҲ֪ƣôŶԷ峤λҲԲС
ôòˣɣȻֻһث֣ôأΪӦ֪أûսңҾһ峤˹ʮŵ˵ﵱгơ
һѪͷƿĳϣҪԾϸ̨ʱһӰͻȻ֣ŭļֱҪ֪¡ҲǴﵽԪļ۷ĽʥԱǿ׳£Ȼ˿ûз֮ͱ˰ס
ҪʲôһԵİ̴Ȼϳ˿̰סģȻ֮еһ

ղſڶ˹֮¾Ҫȥ̶ֽ¡⽣ʥĹѾˣȽʽǳʥֻɽʥ˲μӣҲ˵ԼԤС
ôȻˣֻһзǰֹһ˭û˵
˿󣬶ȻղӰûܿôģٶȾ൱ˡǸڹʥҲо̨֣ϵĶ˹Ҳüͷһ壬ֻû˵ΪԷǡ
ǸֱֵﵽԪĶ˹ܲͻȻֵ˺ǿ
ûˣֻõְסļ򣬺߷ҪѣѹԼͬǧһ㣬ö޷ֺ
ŭͬʱҲЩԾ
ҶҲĵˣĸרиң㣬һ⣬Ҫ£ʥ壬ȻöԷᣬʵ黹˵ıȽϺá
ȻĻֹͣ¶˲ŵɫ
Ҳٶ˵ֱȡ˽ʥ齻Լ峤˹ȥ
һ峤Ǿ£̺һֶǿһ֣нĿ⡣
ǿһѽ̶ǵһ
峤֮峤֮ô᣿ʥôһİϣ
ûȷһ峤峤ϢǼ궼ɢӣͽġ
Ϊʲôϣ峤أڣ˹Բ˲񡣡
ݹȥĳ˷Ӧһ˹Ǳǿ𾪺;ˡ
ܣʦ˵ϼһĽԶ֣ܳ⾿ô£˭ô峤֮˹粻ܿͻָϸ¶֮ɫ¶˵һ£Ҫ峤֮һԷܾܾսԼ峤ҲԼĶ֡
ƶѵĶ˹ַ˲١
˿ȴһţ΢ֽӹһ峤̸ӦѪĸо
ûȷҸ׵彣ҸʲôطԲԣҸģʲôطҶҪҵɫһץסٵ˵
ó͹ĸףһ⣬ƭˣҪʵ档
㸸ˣһѽίҴģ˵û⽣̧ͷ˵꣬ۿﶼۣɫЩǷϡ
ֵ룬㸸׵ģʦĴʦ𣬶Ƕ˹Ƕģ˶ҩΪ˶Է߹ƺҲһЩ
˵仰нɣҲȷԼλͼǽʥԾǽʥʧٵ峤Ȼˣ϶Ҫһϵýʥ˽Լˡ
ܹ˼ֻ̫࣬ʱһЩˣ˵Ӧöʵûѡ
ȻĻֿ峤ǷŭˣǸͶһмĿ⣬ȻҪԥϱȽֻ̨ȥȻԪȼǺǶ˹̫Զȥû˿ʤ㣬ֽ˻
ſңұȥΪҺ͸׵ֻѾԪ۷壬һֻ־ͽƣ۶Էô޷ѡ
һĬĬпȥˣǰ˵ɵӻǰ׳գڰ㣬Ƕ˹һԪһֶֻԸˣȥǻûͱնɱˡ
һ仰ͬͷһˮֹͣ
ղҲǱŭͷԣϸȷˣԼȥҲֻܱԷɱǲϵĻ˹ͻΪ峤ΨһһԪĳϣΪݵԭܲμʽҲǶ˹Ķ֡
һʱЩǰƺǿǲĳԱĹ涨ǲܲμӱȽʽġ
ı飬֪ԷʲôֻǺǺһЦһԵĬĬҡͷ˵ɵ㻹ǲǶ˹ҪȽʽǾͷǵøĽߣƨҺɲǽʥĳԱʽĹûκԼһֱӸɵǶ˹͵ˣһ˰ˣ
ĬĬеܴ󣬶Ҳʮ̶ִԭһݺͷŭĿɿڴĽʥҲһǸղžȻû뵽һ㣬˹һӣΪĹǾֻȥȴػأ˿̱ĬĬһƹؼֻо䷢̣Щ޵ݡ
ȷټ򵥲ķˣû뵽İ취
̨ϵĶ˹ĶѪ˺ʦ⻰Щˣӿյǽ
һ̵ĬĬУʵϲϣ
ĬĬпһǱһɱĶ˹ҡҡͷˣǼһǿһ֪֮һеģһսҲ٣ڣҾûлˡ


һ Ƚ
Ϊ̫죬ĬĬд˿ֵ̱ķǳ޳ܣ˼ܼ򵥣ƤǿԵģϳ֣֪֮
ҲûĬĬԽԽ޳ܵļһһײ˱Ƚ̨
ղŵĻҲˣǲǽʥˣμʽҪȽҿԷ㣡˵꣬γ޽һɡ
Ķ˹һʱ侹Ȼ޷ȻĬĬеĳִļƻԷǽʥˣںʲôʽ
ֻ˹ԼʵǺţǰ߼ԼһԪҲбʤİա
ʥĳԱͿѹ֣ͬ˵˹ڻжѪڹؼʱ̳ɱʵҲΪʲôѡȽʽƿؽʥ壬ΪԵʥûĶ֡
ܿ죬ͻڵľ˵һ䣬˹Ӷ峤ֱһն
½
޴Ľ˲伴ͬ޽նһ½Ȼײͬʱ飬ͷ˹Ѿǳ嵽ǰ峤նȻһа½
Ȼ΢Ϊ֪ͬͨʩչ֮󣬺ѽĵԪ̲䷢ڶν˹Ȼʩչ½̽һ㣬Ҫʥǿ
˹ʥˣһоԻЧһµ춨ʤֻ֣˹һ̬Ϳͬʱʩչֽ
ὣۣǰһ۽ͬʱɱʮǵ㣬˹֡
ɫ䣬۽Եʹãİ½ɱǿɱԼ
һͻȻ˹һͱ̳һѪԷʵףȻӲӿٶȣ㿪ʣµĹ
ղŵսֻգ֮䣬Щʵǿ˶壬ȵӦ˹ͷѪѾ˵ʮ⣬վԭأֽȻв˶˵Ķ˭ǿ˭ѾһĿȻ
˹ɫѿû뵽ԼȻڽϱѹһͷԾ֮ǰڽɽİˡǷǵǸʱû۽ô̶ʱڶԷͿʩչˣ
ֱЩ˼顣
һ֮ǰһֱװӣ𣿡ߵͬʵ
û˻شΪ˭óʩչ۽ϸϻһЩ裬Ǹոգڲ֮ǰԷûգٶȣҿʵսʩչѾǳ˵
˹˿̼ϵ˿ѾֹͣѪðͬѿһС˿ڣһ˿ھϵĲˡǶѪ˵һǵѪҺвǺо綾һһЩŹֵĳӣҪʱ򣬿˿ڣǿʵ
˿̶˹ʹôˡ
ҲȲѣڴ֮ǰû뵽ôղȻֻǶ̶ּ̽УǶ˹ɵҲǿԼĿǰʵ»Ƕ֣ǽϣԷʵҲ˿һϼԱһǽʥԱˣȻӵǿĽ
Ϊʤ˹öѪ
ʥϳͬɥ֮Ȯ˶Խʥ֮ǣŵʱĥʵ֮ʦĴʦǻ
Է޷ܾǾӵǿֱӽԪһŵܶô˵˹Ը¶Ѫġ⼸ԪĹʵǲ֮⣬ڼѪ֮׵ɱЩ
һ̣׷ֶεĶ˹ܵǿ֮ǰѡȻڶ𣬵
һ˵ĹܱȳΪһ˭ߺﷸǿ˵ڶǹǰȴҪ;µĴڡ
˿̣˹ЦһڵĶѪƤϵɫŨңһ˫۾͸һɿֲĺɫ·ī֭ݹһ֮⣬ϳһЩŤֹѿǶѪеѪ棬ΪЩѪ棬ܻ
һɳȴǿޱȵԪӶ˹ɢʥɫ䣬ȻǿԪѾ޽ӽԪ߼
ڵԪ֪Ԫ߼Ǿ޵еĴڡ
ֲֻֿѹɲɽЦž壬ɵֻһȫѪ
ǷĲмŭ˶˹ߴһӶ峤Ȼ
һٶֹ˲͵ǰ
ܵϣҾ㳹Ʒһĸо˹˵꣬ĽѾγһ޴Ľ⽣У˻˲䱻ն⡣
ϧҪ㣬Ϊϣ޽նȥ򵥵һа½Ȼİ½ʮֲͬ
ȫɼıɵĽͬϸСʯһ㣬ڿҫ۵Ĺ⻬صһ죬ǰһɾ޴ޱȵı
޴ıϯ·һѩУ·谭ȫնϣһֱӳϰײɢϰ׷ΧڣѾǱѩһƬѩҫıģٿǰ棬˸ߴʮ׵ıмһֱӳȥмֳɼ֣ÿһֶŶ˹Ƶʬ塣
ڸղһ˲䣬ǿĺѾ˺˺ߵĽȻͬ˹һ𱻽飬Ȼ˲˿ͨɫǰһƬ⣬
˹ˣڱסǸԴϣһ˫۾Ҳǵɴƺôȥ
˵⣬ǿİ½ձɽһӡǺĳǿѾͬڱɽ˵һҹʣһ˹ֵܵ
ˡ
һ𱻸ɵģкѪʥĳԱʮʦĳԱҲΪ֮ҪַΪǿɵԷһЩˡ
ݵľ֮󣬺Ͷ˹һЩ˺ƤĬĬ͵һ̣ԷҪ֣Ҳٻūͣɱȥ
Ǳ߼ڶལʥĳԱҲ֪ô£˹նɱ˼ƻʧܣȻһҲǰνȥ
ò˵ʥۺʵǳǿÿһ˶ǽʦЩʦȻֶҲ࣬Խʥ壬ǴƣǱ֮ǰһҲʦеСͷ죬¶ԷȺףܿͱɱĸɸɾмҪߣҲĬĬиɵ
ˬ죬ʦֻŪһЩǽȴǺ޷֮ʵĿԣĬĬһ˦˦մѪצӣһ߲м˵


һ ɯ
ʦȻĬĬ˵ô׶Ը֮ʥܷһЩŹֵĺڹӣ涼ʢճĵɫҺ壬ԿкܶݹǣȻͷĳʹõġ
ҲһһʼΪһֿ󣬵ֲǣЧ˵ѾͿǳˡڽʥΧصЩڹҲһǿʦڱҪʱ򴥷ֻϣΪĬĬƵļһһֱʦǶûüͲúõĻء
ʣЩڹҲһߣҲǺȤԴӷֿ֮Ļϵ֮;ãԼͻƵļʦĹؼԷŵϡ
˵ͻļʦջ̫һΪļʦôͿԲǿĿ󣬵ʱһǿļԿսĽ֣ɱҪ
֪ĬĬеݺ󣬽ʥҲǱ㹻⣬ΪĬĬ˵۹ӵݣΪǰ˽ʥ塣
ʱŽʥľ˳֮󣬼߬ȭͷֻһûн£侲Ŀ£ΪʵûʵôҲûãʵȥǸĶ𱨳
Ƕ𹴽Ϯ˵۹ô˵ʥ嶼˵һӣȻԳ壬ϵǴ򲻶ϵģȻˣǽʥԸع˵۹ֿͬˣʱ򣬽ʥһλϳ˵ϣ֮ǰйһ֮Եλ
ܵõȻǽԴϲ˵ĪĬĬУôܵõʥ۹İ˿̵Ǻã˼ˣʡĬĬ鷳
ǽʥĶˣʲô£Ƕȥæ˿ҲǺϵ˵
µõ峤֮ļȻ˳Ľӹʥ壬ȻᣬȻʵǿʥĳɳҪ˶ãͻΪ֡
Ȼĳŵĳŵ
ʥǲһٶԱĬĬһ𷵻˵۹˵۹أֻһٶʥԱͶսγһɼ⵶Ч۵طкͺͷƿ
ǽ˵彣ӵкüִģȺԽϰԱһʩչ˲佫˻ɱ
һʱ䣬ڴѨһһΣգ˵۹֮ͿԿͨźʹݱĬĬ˵һͨ󷵻ǡ
սһǰѾء
ΪնɱһžǱʯ֮˻Ҫ߼ıɽ֮ܵ˵ıԻǾȥȽϺá
֮רȥһ˴Ͷڵĳз棬£һǣͶĵڶҲɣԼĳ壬Ѿռƽ׵򣬷սҲֻ˵Ѿڷ浱վ˽Ÿ
ҲϤıѲϵ֮ǰѾʵǿﵽԪļ۷Ԫ弶ĹɱһͶһЩвﻹڣҪôǵʵõʵսȻǲɻȱġ
һ£ɯˡ
ԭƽһŮһֱڻ˯ͶΪҲսҹͣţŮʲôʱ뿪Ҳ֪
ֻ˯ĵطһԿ
ȻǽƬ֮½Կ֮ȴǷͷһһ䡰лл
΢΢һ㶣֪ɯ϶ʲôֶΣ֪Լһл԰˺ܶ࣬һʼĶԷ᲻ƽһ˸£Ӧò̫ܷˣΪɯԼûж⣬һ˿˿øС
⣬ƬϵȫһЩʦĵᣬֶĺö˵Ԫ磬ļʦһֻ־˵ɯļʦµĵļֵԹġ
ЦЦгһʼ˷֮⣬һ˿˿ʧ䣬Ϊ˵ɯǷԼ顣
ô˵ĵ˵شҲ̿ʼѧϰͬʱоʦǱŪĺԼװҺĺڹӡ
ֻŪԭܽ䲼Χ䵱ϵеһ֣˽Ƿǳ룬Ҫƿغԭһúãʱ򶾻ʲôֶ֪ΣµõĿƣʱǰʯͷԼĽţִɲɡ
ʮְЩս͹治Գһʱɯµĵᡣ
ͬʱԪĳƽһǰ߾ݵ㡣
һսֵڶԪ͵Ԫı߽磬ˮ֮š
޴ľʯΧͬߴľʯǽڣЩǽڵĸ߶ȴﵽǧףҲףͬһ¼᲻ɴݵĳǽ
һͻƽһ壬ѾＤսһ¡
ȻĹž˺ͻƽһ嶼ûвսһﻥɱӴ֮µڶСÿ쾧ʯǽľ˶ἯʮʯչƽһҲ˳;˴ս
ʬ壬һһ㣬ЩطѾСɽһ㣬ĴѾѪҺȾ죬ɢϢζ
һ죬һμ˴ţֻ֪Ҫ⾧ʯţǾͿԳֱ룬ڶԪ磬ʱ˴ǿսһֱƽһϳֱӽƽһɱ
Ծ˵Ĺһαһ͡
һμĴѾʮվھʯǽȥԿ鿴߼ʵĴսĺ
޴ʯǽǲܱƵģЩ飬һҲ룬ȥ͵ɱҵҪ˾ܾپţһ۵ĻƽһվھʯϣĲ´
ܿ죬ʮѾϣӾʯųӭС
˼ȻǷۺ죬ûйĻֱӿʼɱûãԶͳ߳ʮ׵ľ˴Ȼս
ˣߣҲûʲô˲ɻƽʿųƽһ˲м˵
Ȼ˴ͻƽʿսһΣҲ˵˫һµ̽СС־Ҫ浶ǹҪսˡ
ʱԶȻ˼ߴﵽ˰ϵľˡ
žڳ𣿡ƽһ˴˿ϵĲмɢΪֻ֪һˣҲǹžĶ֣гʮƽһıˣսǷҪԸžͨľӣǻƽʿҲʹˡ


һ ľʯ
һֱžǳ֣פھʯŵĻƽһȻǵķӦһġ
ʮƽһ屾˳ھʯźͻȻ𶯣ʯǰƲȻһкڶһ޴ޱȵӰ
ʯŵĸ߶ȣѾ̾ΪֹͨĹžڸߴǧ׵ľʯǰҲǰ̫ࡣ
Ǵ˿̴Ӻڶ߳ˣȴǱȾʯŻҪߺܶ࣬˵Ӵˡ
ˣУץһͬ޴ޱȵľʯֻⳤ׵ľʯԵЩС
һ֣ȫɱĴҲͣʯ϶ʮƽһ˴˿Ҳڲ
ǵģڲΪ̫ΰˣԪ磬Ϊ޴Ĵڣû֮һ֮Ԩĺ֣Ҳû˾޴
⡭̩̹žôһƽһʧ˵һ̣̩̹žǾǾ޴ľʯݺݵ
ûжļɺͼܣֻǵǾ޴ľʯֱӽʯһΪͻᷢǾʯǵγǸ
Ȼ˾ʯھʯкǿĿӲޱȵľʯֱ飬ǶʮƽһҲܵǸ̩̹žȴſڷһŭ
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ͬףʮƽһһֱȥʣµҲǱ޴ĺƽѪҺһ֮ͬ룬ȥͬµ
ǻƽһ壬ԿɱǵĶʱҲẦ£Ҳ־塣
ĻƽһͱľʯƬһȥҲ׶༪٣̩̹û׷ɱǼߵĻƽһԱǼӶʯƻʯţƽһĴڿֲԼžĹܡ
ʯű֮󣬳һ޴ޱȵȱڣ˴˳ȱڳֱ룬˵ڶԪ硣
ǧ֮⣬ȴǿڶš
һۣſһֻɫСĻƽһ壬һ߾޴İ˱۾ˡ
Ǹƽһ忴ȥᣬĿȴһֲɣߵԪʮֻңƺղžʲô޴ĳһ
ƽһ˶ſ˰˱۾ãŵ벻һ徭һβҰףȻҲѧŪı˱ۣԾ֮ǿƿҵĴͣΪ赲ȥʯţû´̩̹֮Ѿȥ˰ɣ
ڰ˱۾ǰ˵СǴ˿̣ȴɢǿ˱۾˵ƣƺߣһеߡ
ǣʯǱƿǵƽһǷǵģھϹȥҲˣǺӣǻƽһ峤Ҳܸı֣˱۾˴˿̾Ȼǿ˵ˣɳƣһӹɵİ
ǿδأǺӵĻƽһ壬˿ȡһſƬϵĽɫСſһ磬Ƭһ޹ţǺһ̤շ·һ⣬뵽޹ŵС
˱۾һȭȥȴ˸ա
֮ţûд̺սҲãҲûʤİգʱϢİɣһȥǸɱʯͱɽļһʱȥˣ
ʯϿգһ֣֮ǺͬӰһ֡
˿̾ʯѾȻսѶǺɨһ۾֪ʲôҲûˣҪʹ뿪ֻƺӦʲôͣ
ɯʲôʱģǺӳʵԶĿУһ֣һŮӡ
̩̹˽ʱҶͷ̣ɯ˿ɫЩ԰ףȻļʦ̩̹ʱǸоĿ־壬ò˵žֲ̩̹̫
Ķԣڱذܵ£Ҫѧһʱ䱣ȫԼ̩̹ҲڣҲûãˣʱȥʲôطǺ¶һ˿ģɯ뵽֮ǰľ뵽Ǹ뷽跨ˣȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻȥһȻЩɯǲ˵ġ
ǺӹŹֵһۣҡͷˣ㲻˵Ҳûϵ߰ɣȥһ˾һأҵľʯţҲҪһĽѵȻΪһƽһǺ۸ġ
ǺӰϧ̧֣ɯߣȻСһһ֮ţ˲˲ʧ١
һ󣬾ڽľ֮ܵһžˣȻ˳˯
ЩȻǲ֪ڳ죬ȻûȫɯµĵȫӶͻƵļʦȴǽǺŪˡ
ͺ֮ǰĵһȻè壬Լ֮ʲôֱʹãʱ򶾻˿ֱӿŹʱĺǵܱǷɣΪǵ
èڹеĳݹǣݹ̺ǿԪֻнԪĨȥЩ
ΪЩҹŪˡΪǱߵŪ󣬾̷ǲá
Щ£ȵɵʮúü󣬹ð˹֮ĵطγһ޴ĺ֮ǽ˵գֻвû飬ֻԻӻ˵ĿģɱС
Щ̳ӡ
ʦ岼ڽʥΧЩ̳˺ܶǿ壬ͬ飬ҪײУһЩ̳ӣĶҺͻɢģԪļܻᱻԪ弶϶ҪܵǿĸӰ졣ЩлЩаײе壬һлŵ飬ò˵ʦĶܹŹ֣ҲʹãڹӺУеʱͿԼЩĶҺúɶΪĽء
ʱȴʦҲˣ֮ǰͼҴʦȥѰͬ飬½ƽ̨ȻҲнչˡΪ½һƯƽ̨Ȼһ͵飬ȴʦʹҵʦǣ¾ͷǸʥǸƶ
ȻʥǻȲƽ̨Ҵʦһŵ㡣
µľƺܻңԪ綼ڶУԽԽսѡ񵽸ΪȫǺʨΧĶۼڹģ˳ڣкܶǰѵԼ˳µĻǽ
»ȻûʽѾ⡣
ֻ֪Ǳ󣬻ܿǾҪӭΣҪ֪ԼѾɱžýֺͷ붼֪һ岻ưոݣĵ鷳Ҳˡ
磬׵ڳǱ﷢һ֮ͣԷʱȤİһǹеǹеˣһϢڵһ


һ طÿ
һ£ǲܷģϼĽǾеľѡǿľߣÿܽܲѵ˽ĳǱں޲±ͻơ
Ǵ˿̲Ǳͻƣó֮ΪֳֵԪǹеԲˣҲ֪﷢һսǴʲôûз֡
֮̾Ͳ򵥣ԼԷֶߣǹĿǰչֳֶʵԲԼ٣Ҫǿ
ֻҲǽȣⲻ֮ͻ֪ûбҪңҾԷͼ죬ҲŶԸԪ磬ѹĵָǰܷʲô˻
û֪ͨǺĶ֮ͣһھ䣬һΪŵĽֻǱιȥûɱˣûʲô⣬ҲûӦ뿴ԷҪʲô
Էȥһ˵ӣǿ׳ֱϵļһһͬһ㣬ŵһ׼򵥵ӣ߳ףı׼һ׳˿ץǹеǺ֮ɫŪһ֮Ͱγ˵Уȡһöӵ
ţһͨԪԪͿԳΪǿȻ򵥣ֻھԵǰСɼֱֵһᣡ޺˵ָ꣬ǹеͱһŷ
һ˵ֲ̫ˣȻԽƳɵǹеһȻԼҲд⡣
һ̣޺̧ͷȻͷĴˡ
ּˡ޺ɵĴкȻ·Լһϡ
һ㶣Է⻰˼ƺԼԼļǺŵģȷԼǵһμ޺
Ǿ޺һǸһıˣһμ棬㿴ҵı壬㿴һ㲻ҵԪ
˵ţ޺ͷųһԪ
ڸܵһԪ˲ֱӽս״̬ϵĺëֱͷȻҲðһ亹
ȻԪϳ޺ݣ뵽һּΪ״̬ԭԷֲ̫ˣֽ׶˵ѾͶԷУҲĶ֡
֮⣬޺ĳ߸˶ǰ֪
ʲôڿҵֺͲ֪룬Ԫֻһˣ˵˹˵ǶԹϣŶԷʲôʱͿʱԼӦôӦԣû뵽ԷȻô죬ַʽ
˿޺ӣȻǸ޴ޱȵӰܲԪƭˣԴԪȷ޺Ǹֲļһ
˱۾ˡ
ɵޱȵǿߣǵڣҲûӦ԰˱۾˵ֶΣļƻУԷҪԸǣҲֻǴٽΪ˱۾˵ܸ͵͵Ǳ飬ʱһֶκͶԷӲƴ³ǱѾ˼ö޴Ԫ˵бҪᶯЩĿǰֲ
ǰȻļƻ
ֻҲǾ̫ΣգݵĴ֮󣬱ָ侲ȷʱǻûκõģ侲ķһ£ͻ֪˱۾˿϶ʲôҪͿʼ䣬Լ˵
ֻǱιȥĽҲһ֤ݣһ˼飬Ǿǰ˱۾ƺ㶯䡣
˭ˣ޺ЦЦôЦЩ٣˵һҪл㣬㣬ҲܴԨЩƽһΪ»ƽӡͿԽû뵽Ҳһ˿ƽѪ;ˡ
֪˱۾˵飬ʱԼγ˾˾ʯŽ˱۾ͷų
ⱲкܶǺڣɣΪڵһ£Լγ˾˾ʯ˱۾ҲҲͲкЩˡ
뵽£ˣҲû̫ļɻ䣬ЦлңЦˣã类һȭɱˣˣҺ㲢죬ûʲô˵ģ¾ֱ˵û£Ǿɣ
Ȼˡ
˱۾˶һŵɱҵֵܣ˵Ӧɱ㣬Ȼ֮أ֪ҵҪôûסΪ㲻֪ʲôֵֶܵľӡǾͿԺҿ⣿ûɱ㣬Ϊڵȷӵʸ񣬶ǰǸصϣϣһ㣬ʵ
ȻвˬҲ֪˱۾˵ûԶԷʵҪǿ˵ʲôǷķҲֵܵʱԼཨĳǳؾͻһǣʨǣ³Ǻ
ЩԼֵܵ˱۾˵Ĺʱŷ֣ԼѾԪĶ֣ҲвٴﵽԪĸ֣ӵǿޱȵľţھԵǰôһ
ʱԭؼŭҲ漴ɢ˿侲̷ʵʲôʵ
ʵǣѡ񳼷ҳֻܻͳǳزŲᱻݻ١˱۾˵Ļ˵һѡ񣺡ֻߣѡܾôҿԱ֤᳹峿ֻһƬʬ֮ϡ
֪˱۾ûпЦҶԷʵԪ˼ﵽ˰׵ǰ˱۾һˣͿԽٴΡ
˵ѡ񣬵Ȼ˱۾Ϊֻѡ񳼷ΪΨһĻ·˱۾Ҳͺ֪ܶıԣֻѡ񳼷ͬ˵ģߵѾӣܽƣôҪսʤƽһкܴĻᡣ
ڿǣ˱۾ѡ˵ʵЩϣһֱΪԼ;֮ĳ޷ģڿϸͲ޷ĳޣԼѾɵžһҪ˱۾˶Ժһ㡣
ֲð˱۾ûɱϵĽΪԷһʼʹȫ̽һɱˣǾͲ̸ˡ
֪˱۾жǿ۽ⶫĸ߶кܴϵվøߣܿԶǰʵ˼˱۾˵ʵĻҪ̬Ҳ֮ƥУһĴǱȻ
Ծɲѡ񳼷


һһʮ һλ֮
˳º͹޹أȴΪ档
Ҫ֪ѾԪĹУھĴսǴ屻ǣҲܵش
ͬ°ۼأʮ˵ۼؾΪˣֱӴӵͼϱĨȥۼҲٵıǲ֪ж౻ūۣ˵˲ĳУҲĳУ£൱ɡô˳
ЩͶ壬ž״ݻٵʦƽ̨Ľܵ۹мɵ˵۹֪ԼҲ᳼
ԼѡʧȥӵҲʧȥѡֵܵ飬Ҫǣΰ˱۾ˡ
ǶԷŵҲζԷǰ£ôܽԼԷ
ֻ˱۾˵вʵڵģ֮ͬǰһԷĶԼԲǶ֣ܲӳ춼δ֪˵˼ǵˣҲΪֹǣ˿˳˼;ܾˡ
˵ѡȻ˵Ǿһһ㲻Ҫ̫ʱ˼⣬ֻΪѰҵѡ񣬲ܿϧһԼžʮ˴Ϊһ޵е£㻹бѡ𣿡ʱ䣬˱۾˵ĻЦ˵ƺڳЦԷĲ
һû뵽˱۾һξȻôݣžһսǾ;ԲֵܵҾԼҲûлӳȥ
ȷͬ˱۾˵ĳʵûҪ˷ʱ䡣
һڿǣ̶֣ռݶʱϼڵǣӦûڵ磬ҲпѾˡ
ǶڣԼܱǵĻж
һϸܵĺˮͷ֣Լ˴ӦԷȻûеڶ·ߡ
˱۾ǿޱȵʵȻԼȵز
зߺޣָѾĿԼҲû˾ͱʱ
ûһһûпսֻǼ򵥵ļ仰ԷͽƵ¡
ãһѪ˳ָ䵽˵ϣָѾǶֻѹסķŭ
֪ԼֻдӦȻԤƵĺûѡ񣬵ҲģºȻὫһȫɱ
ǽһͷŭ㹻ԡ
㿪ڵʱ򣬴Ӵ֮⣬ȴ߽һˣһһߵ˱ۣôǺܲصѵ㲻֪Ѿǻƽһ壬ҵˣĪǵս𣿡
üͷһ壬ŤͷһȴǿһŽ۵˽ߵ൱ֲǣнǷ·𿴲һ
˱Ȱ˱ۻֲаӶԷﵱ͸¶ϢȷԷǻƽһĳԱʲôƽһҵԪ˼İ˱۾ô˵
뵽һˣڵʱƻһϲ˵ƽһ峤ҲһԪ˼ĳǿߣӦþǻƽһ峤ˡ
뵽һ㣬һ
ϲ˵ܽ⿪ǵӡԿ׿ƽһ峤ϡ
ֻǶԷԪ˼ĶǿߣҪŪԿ׿Ǳȵ컹ѣôȷĿꡣ
ԷôΪʲô֪ȴǵõһᣬһҪ˱۾˱̬Ļᣬƽһ峤ֵģֵüˣڰ˱ôӦǾͺԼûϵˡ
Ǻӣ㣿˵СѾƽһ峼ˣ˵ͬʱ˱۾˿һֻ˴㣬˿ǵͷһԡ
ԭƽһ峤ǺӣаʱһԾѵ飬ǺӵļϣȻſһֻɫСʱһɷŭ궯
ַŭ궯ڿ䡣
ǰķ̷ӦæԪѹưķķǻ̴ӿ
ķôͻȻ궯֪ڲʺðķ֣ǺӼǽɫСһŵƲ⣬ƽһ峤ǺӣĪҲһʦ
ôܣ
Ȼɻȴǲɫоķķֻǳѹưķķ˷Լ֮д⣬ҿ϶ƽһ峤Ǻйأһ͸ðķ֣ʲô⣬Լ˱ۺǺֵ£ķ
ǺӲԪ˼ĸ֣˿ƺҲԪЩ䶯ЩɻĿһֻֻۣǵͷǺҲջĿ⡣Ȼһ˿ƽѪǶԷԪ۷壬ȻԪǶǿߣڻƽһȴǡߡֻǿһۣ㲻ȥע
ǺӲעȴǹעǺӣΪģΪǺһְķͱֳ쳣ķ˽⣬һرҪ飬ԲַӦ
ѹЧķ궯ƽϢȥҲ˿ķȻаսѹڿ䵱УԻᱻ֪ǿ߷֡
˿̣˱۾˻Ǻӳ֮󣬾ͽעת˹ȥϾǺӲֵùעĶ֡
˵ƽһ峼ˣҲţ˱۾˵ĻɭȻһЦ˿ֽתƵǺϣҾ˵ģҲûϵνľܣҪ棬ֻǿһ
ڻ˵Ļ˱ۣǾһڵ͵Ԫô֣Ҷûйǣǽʦƽ̨Ҷûи棬ΪΪһȻ»صԪ磬Ӧռһϯ֮أΪһ˵磬һӵ㹻ǿӦõģǴʹ̫̰ģȻսƽһȨ
˵һ仰ǺϵϢȻͷų͸оһֲֿѹǺϱһߵİ˱۾˻Ҳɫһͬ͡ʱǱڵн˲ܵһѹһ嶼ѣǱ֮Ҳһǣ֮¿ٳڶҲͬһʱ̸ܵһѹ
һѹʵѾǧﷶΧʨҲܵ
һ˲䣬ԪһԪĸ֣һѹ壬˳;η֮ɫЩޣҲŵһӣɭзݾɣҰ޾ֿ񱼡
Ƭ֮һǿѹɢȻһ亹ǺӵĻƽһֲ̫ˣǰ˱۾Ҳǲ˲١˱۾˻˿̳Եѹܵѹǧϡ
˱۾˵ĻԪң˲䱬һȻ󻯳һž˿Ƭ


һһʮһ з
˱۾˵Ļڻƽһ峤ǺӵĿֲѹ֮¾ȻǻһſƬ֪ղǺǽųɾŵѹʩչ˰˱۾˵Ļ֮ϣֻаٷ֮һϢй¶һй¶ϢЩԼԲ
֪ԼԪ۷Ԫ˼֮Ĳࡣ
ƺֻǲʵȴ̫֮ǿˣֻκһˣɱԼǣʱףԼ˻ҲԲԪ˼ǿߵĶ֣ܼƬ̶ѡ
оͬʱǱǿѹǺѾǿһһֽһŰ˱۾˻ĿƬץǿƬ֮ǰߣһ
ҪӣǿɲУ˱ۣεҪ֮ƽ⣬ΪҲ֪ҪʲôϧڶԪ粻ȾָĵطǵܽǾһҲһҽٸһ棬Ǿ˲ȾָڶԪ磬Ҳ㣬Լ⻯ͱջˣ
˵꣬ǺƵбһɽ⣬ԭҪߵľ˿̰
˿̴ֻʣǺӣû˵ǺŤͷһǰ²ͺ˵ǸߣȻڵȷһ˿ƽһѪϢԭӦɱ㣬ΪѪͳΪ˵硣
˵ʱǺһɢһ˿ɱ֪ԼڶԷвһĴڣԷҪɱԲԥǺӱȰ˱۾˻Ҫ̹ϡ̺ɱҿԣԶջص硣
ǺϵɱһͣȻǿ˵ʲô
ԷķӦ֪ԼĶˣڻƽһ˵ȻشȻأûв´϶ǺϲԼ¡йϵ
Ϊڵ磬ǺӲŻӡ
֪˿Լֻһ˲䣬˱۾ҪԼ£ȥûɱ֣ǺӲκιǣҪɱ϶ᶯ֣ԼֻһЩֶսȫ¶Ǻӵĵ֡
û뵽˱вոһӿµĶ֡
˿Ӧ֪Ѿ׷գһЩѰҵĵ⣬ֻضĴܽ硣
ЩǺȻ֪ƶһУҲɯֲõģ뵽ɯǺε̾˿ǻƽһҲ֪ɯʵŮɯȻû˵ս츳ȴһżʦ֮ǰǺӾ˵Ĵ˿ˡ
ҲǺһҪԭ֮һһΪƻ˱۾˵ļƻһ棬ҪջصĿȨΪڵѺǿߡ
˵ǺӶ˵
ʵ㣬Ҳһ󿨴ʦһЩֶο˴Ҳ˵ûҵκ˶ܽ뿪ɱңҲٽ磬ȡĿȨ
ǺЦˣ·ָһӬһյһ£һǿޱȵԪײϣײɳȥʮֱײڴǽϣǽ룬ΧʯҲͬ֩һѺۡ
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һѪղûзӦԷĽֻһָᵯͽʵԪ۷ָײˣǺƽһ峤ǿɼһߡ
Сӣò˵ƾʲôΪһ磿Ǻ˵ƺһͻɱһ㡣
ΪûɱңȻˣиƶһ£ղǺҪɵԼԿǶԷûУͺ˵⡣
Ĳ²⣬ϲ͵¡ʦǶǿߣκһǿԺͰ˱۾ԼǺӱȼĴڣϲҲԪ˼ĸ֡
ȥ֪ȻҲƽһ徿ʲôֶϲ͵¡ʦ
ȻƽһʮּɵΪ˼ˣƽһ岻ϧյ磬ƽ³ǣ˵ʲô˵ƽһ度£ǲ£ֱӷ磬һ´󼪡
ΪǺ»⣬ǿԲҪʱʱ̶̿ӵķӡ
Ҳһ㣬˵ղŵĻͰ˱۾ǱߵͬԻƽһ壬һЩ̸ʱģȻ϶ǳգ֪ԼΨһץסĶ
ȻǺҲǼ򵥵ˣƬ̣Ȼǿ̣ȴջɱ
ܴ˵һ̾Ļ֮Ǻӽһž˿ͻȻȻתߣסҪĿȨңʱҾͷһȵҽ˵鷳֪ƽһΪʲôԪ۷ô꣬⿨Ƭ㣬ǸСѿ԰ǣư˱ۣôǾôˣҲǰԼ
˵껰˲䣬ǺѾʧ١
üͷ֪ԷҪ˭סԭΪԼõķѾ൱ǿڿ˼߾ߣԪ˼ĸ֣ԳԴ
Ƭ֮ϼǲŴһӽӿ֮ǰǴǺǿֲѹ֮ѹ֮󣬾֪ˣѹǴǱɢģǵһʱ쾫ĽֻǶȻ죬ɿ첻Ǻӡ
ûˣɢ˰ɣ˿ķޱȣȴǰڰ֡
һԪл֮ϣеʱһ˵ﵽһָ߶Ⱥ󣬾ͿһУаּĸֶ޾¡
ͻȻ뵽һʡ
Ǿǡͺ˵ΪеݳǺԼ˱۾˵Ĵڣһ˾ͬﳬյĺ˵еʱѾս塣
ǰ˱۾˺ǺӣԼԼϣɱǻ֮ȴǻɵΪǶԪ˼ǿߵĴڡ
ԼҲԪ˼ǿߣôƽһ;һ廹˷в
߬ȭͷϼϧϣߵǰûз
׷ʲô£ϼס߬ŵȭͷʵһԵϧϣһ˽Թȥƣǵһˮݸ
˿Ůˣղŵľ˳Ӧ֪ϾǺڶۼصǡ
ĽϼϧϣҲһһֱΪֻҪӵ˾ԵľͿԺЩֿ⣬Ҫ֪ǰ̸֮ɫ䣬ΪǿޱȵԪǿߣҲԱսɱǰ˵ģһԪ˼ǿҪһǧԪҪ
ٶսҲûãԪ˵Ҳ޷Ԫ˼֣ǽԷرɷ棬ֻҪԪ߰˼ֻôɻܵ޴в


һһʮ ķִ
˵һᣡ֮һϧϣ˵ģ뵽ʲô
ʲô᣿ʵһԵϼҲһ棬Ҫ˵ϧϣ˽⣬ϼǱҪ࣬Ͼʱ䶼ڶľۼءϼ֪ϧϣھʱͥǳԽĺţܵĽҲǳ˲ܱȵģܶϼҪϧϣĽ顣
Կϧϣ˿˵ϼ֪Է϶ʲô뷨˵ʵ˵֮ǰҲЩͲ֪룬ϾԪ˼ǿ̫ǿңûʲôɱԣ֮ǰԪ˼ǿ߱ǡͺ˵һ㶼١
ʱϧϣǻƽһ廹Ǿһ壬˵Ȼ˵ڵǳΣգԲͿܱǵκһ𡣵ϸ룬δزһᣬֻҪպãӦÿ԰Ȼ澳пٻӶ𡣡
ϼ֮Ҳ۾һȻҲ뵽ʲô
ͺǰĹŴսһƽһ塢˺ǿԿƴһСƴĹսʱСĹҾͳҪ£ǰĶΪȫԸǣ˭ʵӶһ˵СֻҪӪõͿҷԴԭԱ棬Ӷ׳ԼΪСԲᱻвϧϣ˵Ȼ˵ϼҲϧϣ˼ͬ˵ģеʱһرĻᣬֻҪץסᣬͿƶϡ
ӦôʣȻ֪ϧϣû뵽սԷϧϣҲó
Ȼչ¶ǵǵԪ˼ǿǰֵһᣬǵ˵УﵽԪ˼мǲ£ѵҲ£ҪͶҪ֪ĶǶ֣ʧܣҲöֵһĹ룬ֻסԷүүǰ˵ǵںǻۣӺܾǰͶ֮棬Բܵڣֻ໥棬ͺڰҲһҪ棬ͱҪӵл˵ϧϣ꣬Ǳϼ͵ͷûƽ⣬Ѿ뵽ôˣʱú˵ںɭʿǱߵоͻƣӵԪԪǵõԪ˵ںɭʿۣԪ˵ɱ˰뾶ʮ幫˲ɱԪǿߣǴﵽԪ߼ҲӦÿɱ˵ԪȼĲͬɵԪҲͬЩҲֻһαɱʯ֮ϵԪģȻԪ˵ܲ˺Ԫ˼ǿ߻֪ЧҲ;ĺ˵һֻԪµ˺Ч
˵ͷԪ˵Ҳͷһ˵ЧôԼһǿޱȵ͵ơ
ϧϣԪ˵ǵô˿ϧϣʵ
򵥣ǲҪ˵ʲôֻҪһƽһ;һ嶼ĵطһöͿԣʣµģӦ֪ôʹȥֱӸǲǵǣ˵ʱͬھϧϣԵ˵
ãô죡ϼǵͷͬ⡣
ȻҲֻ֪һ壬֮ǰϼҲ˵һ£Ԫ˵ƺǳķѲϣڵֶκԴֻöѣôⶼһ޴塣
ϼϧϣȥִ£Ҫȥȷǵİȫ֮ǰ˱۾˵Ļ˵ıžһ⻹ʮ˴ҪȥЩǲǻΧ
ȻΪƽһǺӵĸ棬Ϊ˱۾˲̫ĽǣСû
֤龪һΧǳȫǼ״Ҳûз쳣Ȼ˱۾˴һʼƭԼΪԼֻû뵽ȴǺƻ
ʱһθӦеһɲһֻһûжɰķӿɳ
˿̰ķԺƽӲһ˫۵ԲƺѰʲôϵķȥѰţƺ֣һȥ
ķһͣһ£ͷһ۰ķķĽ˼һ˫ɫ۾ԥֻһ־Ȼ˳ȥ
ȻҪȥ
һ˲ȻЩ֪룬Ȼûһ찢ķԼȥ֪мǲֵܳġ
ʵȷˣͻȻʲôӦһ̣ķƺĳȻǻһ⣬ƾʧ١
ãͷһ׷˳ȥĸ֪ǿ֪ķԼԪ۷ʱֽ˲ƶһɫ֣һֿƶǧס
֪ķǷʲôҪ뿪ܶԼβܣǴ߶ײצŰķϢ׷˹ȥ
ǧ׾룬ܸӦķϢȫ׷ȥǿԸϡ
Ϣ׷٣ܿ׷ȥʮֻٶȻ٣ǱȲϰķٶȣھһʮҵʧȥ˰ķϢ
һ̣ЩãȻ
û뵽ôһ죬ķȻȥǺԥ˵߾ߡ
ãȻһƵʧ䣬ڰķͽ˲ȱٵĻ飬ŰķҲôԼģͰķһΣպսԼǲˣһλսѺͻ龹Ȼȥ
ܡ
Ѱңʧȥ˰ķϢǴ룬Ѱ˼СʱҲ³
ʱѾڿǣһòܵʵǾǰķˣȥҲʧȥ˰ķ
СʱѰңԼ֪ߵʲô򣬴˿һɽҶˣһ߿Χһ˼⡣
ķôһ̬Լȥ
侲֮ŷкܶõĵط˵кܶ༣ѭ֮ǰʦ˵һ£ķϡеǧʯģҲ˵ںԼ֮ǰѾˡǸʱʦѹķһ뿪
ѾҲƲķͻȻ뿪϶ǸǺйϵʱǺӳ֮ķ궯ǴûйġһֿܣǺӾǰķľע⵽ǺӵļѾһֻɫСһָΪǧʯ
˵ʵµʱҲǼΪ棬ƽһ峤ԪǿĴڣȻҲһʦ
ԷһʦΪʲôԼû˵


һһʮ ߲
ǧ֮һƬһ֣סڿٷеһˡȻǰķµǸ˺ȻǴ뿪Ǻӡ
ķǺ΢΢һ㶣ֹҪȥĽɫС
㣿ǺӶŰķ۾¶һ˿䣬ܿͻָ˱䣺ҼǵѾеȡߣӦѾ˲ŶԣΪʲôţȻţΪʲôҪңӦ֪ҲҪ㣬෴֪ҺܶܣҲ뿪
ȻǺӺͰķʶ˫֮йܶ¡
ķǺӵĻִŵĶ򣬴˼¡
ˣ㲻Ϊ㣬ҪһԴѪô˵ҵˣֻΪûеһԴѪ޷Ϊ͹ϵʧһžһû뵽һ鰡Ǻ˵˵ͬʱǺӼϵĽɫСҲƺⷬһ㣬¶˲мͱģһ̣ɫСɢһɿֲƣȻǽķѹһͣ˿ΧĿŷ·Ĳһ㣬ͬ֩һơ
£ϾΣȻѾʧȥ˺ܶǺһȳ⣬ɫСʮֲԸķ˻ȥȻſǺӵļϣֻȴı飬ƺʾ
ķǿסΣֻղŽɫСĹˣƤҲƿһЩѿڣɫѪҺǺܿ찢ķһУϵ˿ھͿϡ
Ǻüͷһ壬ȴǻȻҵ˶㲻Ȼ˽Ԫֻһһ͹ϵûǩǧʯȻҲͶ롣
ԭûб¶ٷŭİķǺһ仰ȴ̷ŭˣһΪ˶ԼĵһԴѪΪֻܺΪ͹ϵҪĻ飬ѣķγˣǺӾȻķ̲ˡ
̫ˣķŭֻǺӲΪȷУķϣһֻҪԸ⣬ʱϡ
ʱ򣬰ķͻȻһһɹ׹⣬Ȼһ׹⵱С
˲䣬һֱӴ̴Ǻӵ壬һ̫ͻȻǺһʼҲûӦֻ߱ϾԪ˼֣ƽһ峤ɫ紩˲䣬һץ佫һץ
磬ܻ֣Ǵ˿ƫƫˡ
ֱʱǺӼϵĽɫСŷӦŭķһ˻УȻķΪŭǶԷͻȻɫٶȣֱûзӦܵ˼衣
Ǻӵһ£ɫС̰Ϊó˷ŭˡ
˿̣һɫǺҪߣ޷ǺӵƿأƺǺΪĵĵطγһɿµһжУ磬Ҳ޷ѡ
ɫ壬Ҳûܵ˳ϣȻһҪòɱ˵ˣĿġ
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ȡһԴѪоǺӵϢˣҪ뿪ҪһԴѪ
ǰķִš
ûԼҲǽ˻飬ðķܸжΪķйˣ߶ԱҪһǿ̫࣬Ϊûнˡ
ȻûҪ͹ϵǰķȴһֱ£ΪһԴѪǴ͹ϵΪеһԴѪ˵õҲԵõǿ
ΪķһҪصһԴѪȻķҲ֪ԼλǿҲмƻǾôõ׵׵׵ٶȺǺӵӴֻҪһӴķͿԽԼĵһԴѪֻٶǱ
Ȼķǵ͹Ǻӵֻ˵֪ͣǰô꣬ǺӵʵȻ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ׵綼һá
ķ˿ѾһԴѪУ˿Ҳ֪ѣԲŰԪ⣬ϵ׵硢Ҳһӿ
Ǻüͷһ壬ѾɱģķղŵľٶϷŪ˿Ϊƽһ峤ô׾ܱϷŪģ
ڣǸ㸶۵ʱˣһΣ㲻ѵһ죡Ǻ˵ֱ꣬ӽķ׳Ȼָһ㣬һɼΪֲԪͬһεԽһж̴
ȻһԪУķɡ
˲䣬ͻȻɫ䣬һ߲ͻȻӰķ֣Ȼһɾ޴ޱȵϮֱӽķУһֲԪҲǱ߲˺ķ顣
ãǺӿ߲е˲䣬Ƥһ̷˲֪˲Ƴǧ֮⣬תߣûһ˿һԥȻϵ߲ʲôΪƽһ峤߲ҲǾޱȡ
һֱʮǺӲͣµĻͷһۣ૵Ȼ߲Уִ˵пǸطͨôͻȻ֣ˣ˵һԴѪҲûʲôҵѾںһģ߲оУӦǱɡ
˵꣬Ǻٴƶһʧ١

ĳѰҰķͻȻһͣһ˲оһʹͬʲô룬ȥһ㡣
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ʱƣָоҲʧһлָ֪һǷʲôԼԵ޹ֹŹֵĸо
ķڸҲûһ˿һȻǼһԼ뿪ôܶ鲻ŲʣһҪҵġ
룬Ҳٻ˳Ҫ˵԰ķϤҲŵϺţϾķϴ󣬶˵ԪؾϢӦҲܸǿһЩ
һһ˵Ҳ֪̬ԣæǰæѰûκνչһֱڣĲ𽥳ȥ
ѾԶ϶ķȥˣ϶ΪǺӣΪԷһְķų궯ȻҲҲˣȥһ˵ڶԪƽһأķʧĺǺйأǲϧһҲҪķһ
صǣΪķһֱأʱһ鷳ˡ


һһʮ ļƻ
Ĳ
ȻʲôҪԼˣĲѾԼ;Ա»϶ޣƽʱҲͰˣ˿ɲ̫ãķ֪٣о˺ͻƽһļѹûио˷Ĺ
ֻ뵽ŮԼֵһǱߵѹֻǰһЩ£ĲǸ֮ڡ
ԴһѪǿҲȥһʱ䣬˿֮ǿѾﵽ˷ǳɹ۵һ֣ټԭǵս棬һ֧ǿޱȵľӡ
ʱ򣬾Ůںʮ߳ʮ׵ǿͷ˵˹ˣ
˵ͷû˵ƺǿ⣬ҲûзϻֱӵҵõϢ۾ҪԴһԪ֮ȪɵһЩͬƣҾһᣬΪʦ;ʦһĶ۾˺ٵһΪͻƾʯŶŭƽһ壬֮˳˯žҲҪͻƽһԳֻ֣ܵжҪԸƻļһھõĻᡣ
ŮԸǸɱ۾ԭǶԷ̳˺ͺѣѾüΣ֪Զ۾ĺ⡣
ôʵ
ȻɱұԶֻ֣һ˵綢Ļ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
׿£֪ɵ۾Լ˵ֻкôΪڽһ˰˱۾˵ֻȻҪϸãΪ۳ɰ뽫鷳ԼϣΪܻܿἤŭ˱ۣǺۼش鷳
ƺǿ룬ϲҪģҵǿ˾ź԰Ƶս㹻ˣҵԵԸ֮ҲһգȥֻҽһЩ鷳
;籾һЩԼȻԷô˵ˣҲܾܾ˵±Լһкôǵͷͬ⡣
ãôϳȻ൱˷ܣΪϱѩޣ˿ҲǱǰȥ˺ܶ࣬û֮ǰĻ
ĲһҲɫ΢Ҳ֪ЩʲôԪ̽һ֪ԭĲȻԼķ˻꿨ҲӡǷ뿨ƬӶԼ
ȻҲûУֻ˻꿨ûзӡǣҪȻͻᷢԾѾ֪ӡǿֽŵģҪȻһʼҲ÷ŭ֮ӡԼ
һĲûʲô飬Ҳ֪ʲô
һʼžʲô취нȥȴǷһĿ顣
˿̾ųǧǿսʿս浽һŹֵĽǰǰ˵൱ϤڿҲǰŷӦ
ⲻɽկ桮šô
ǵһǱ־ԵĽһ㳡ɵ֮һνΪӺĳĿţԲű֮Ϊɽկ档
ֻ˿־ԵĽѾĳ泲ǣ浽ǴճҺ·䳲ʵл︽ţγһ·͵ڡ
ԭŵλãǷ·һ״ȥһкµٲȴǹŹֵûκ죬֮⣬ЩˮһѪɫģȥʮֹ졣
ʲôʵǺ棬еĳѾǿ˺ܶŹֵĶЩͶǻûУȻǲ֪
ǵЦЦϾͿԱѩޣܺá
ǳĴţǻƽһ廹Ǿһ壬û뵽Щսǿǰ㣬ڽԪǿ֮һǺͻƽһԼһȼҲΪ
˵Ҳ㵵ı飬ֱӳһԵǸˮսȥɣһķǱߵĴӦҲѾˣһֻҪǸ۾սƷȫУ
Ȼˮ֮ĳЭ飬ˮ˻˻һУ̾սͨɽկŽ뵽ѪɫٲС
˵Ҳ֣ʮսӿ룬ȴǲ֪ȥʲôطĪǴţ
߰ɣȥ֪ˣƺ뷨¶һĨ԰εЦݣȻһǿҲȥ
Ȼ¶ԷʲôͬǰȵǾ޴ѪĻǰ˿һ̤롣
˲䣬·һ磬ָоʮֹŹ֣˿ȫѪ֮ɫǹŹֵǣЩѪҺȻǲմȾϣҲܵҺָо
Ҳʱ䣬оһǿ󼸲ǰ߳˲ȻʣԼȻ߳ѪɫĻ
Ѿǣһз棬ʪҲǱָ߲ͬȻ֪ȷ˲䴩˲֪پ뵽һ
ͷһһƵĳ崫ţͬ޴ޱȣͬѪɫĻ
˰ɣǳǿ飬Ҳǵķʱ򿴵Ҳ߳˳崫ţǰ˵
ǰЦֹĵʲôˮϵԷŻ㣬ԼдͶĹ£ֻҪһʱķչԼӵеģһĳ
Ȼ˵
ѵ˵۾ҪǸԪ֮Ȫλþ⸽¶һĽͼʵı飬˵þǵ⣬Ů˾ϲԽȻˣԸ
ûڸԪ֮ȪǷǳҪԴһΪͼԪ֮Ȫ̺ԪҲԵֵǧԪ࣡˵꣬ͷһǱҲһˮһܵ˶ս棬ҲΪŵ˿ԽԪ֮Ȫս棬ЩսҲսϾֿǿֲľһ塣
Ҫץʱˣ۾ǸһӦѾʼҪܾ˵ʱ򷢶סһҪ۾ΧľȫɱʬҲҪƻǸһｫ޷սʤʱϵЦݣָ侲ȻսڼǶ˵Ҫĸ֮սȻǲ
һӴľǰƽһԪ֮Ȫڵ
·һСۼأǿ˴ʮսպ·ۼأ벻סۼز˹ģ˿˾ޱȣŴӼſ·ֲҴһ춯ɱ֮
裬裬㿴Ǹ㣡ʱۼһȥֻСŮ˵
Ϊۼ̫СŮرԡ


һһʮ һ
仨Ͻ⵹ùӸұȥһǿ׳ĺֳһѺСһŮ˺ҲŰˣæСŮߡ˶ҲˣֻǣĿֲΪǰ
ʱǱСŮĸŮҲǿʲôһ㶡
׳ԼϱңҪ𣬶һѾСǾС㣡
ʲôǽ׳Ҳһ㶣æϸȥȻǿֲУ࣬Ϥģһһô˵ˣһǾۼصѾС㡣
СۼвʱǾСְæǶȹΣۼͲˣ˵СۼصľǺͶˡȻҲС㵱ԼˣһǰǻͨͨѶΧɭе״ͨС㡣
ֻǾСôЩֲһ
һʱۼŮŮЩĿɿڴ
һߣҲ˾ۼأͷһ£
˵¿µһƥսͽǸС;ۼȥȻɻ󣬵ҲûʲôҲǸ˹ȥ
һǿָӹٴ˿̴һͣ
¡
ͣЩսҲһЩսͣ˵ʵͬһ޴ޱȵĺڱͻȻֹͣһ൱𺳡
Сۼ˶ɪɪȻҲзǴ˿˭֪ǰ漸ĴҪǣǲһӣۼؾͻᱻΪƽأʮ׵ʮףͬʯһľˣЩһ۶˲ĸս棬һ˵ľۼأЩġ
С;ۼصҲû˷˼ڴ˿̣ǱȽϤεһ˹
ߵС;ۼصʱĵű޴ľű򿪣һȺ˼Ҵҵӭ˳
С㣬ô£磬ɫһЩʱʱ򼸰Ĵ
ûʲôȥ˵ȴͬصһ㣬߽˾ۼأЩĸں棬С;ۼأкܶ࣬˼ľǱȽСˣٶڼǧˣֻм˵ľۼأ˲пȥ
Žȥ̸֮оʮĿԼϣӶۼصսʿԼΪԼİסȻǲȥ⣬ۼصĹģСҲûǿߣ󲿷ֶֻԪµľߣʹõҲǾͨװû־ۼ˵ʵǵʮСۼһȲϡ
ëأһʵ
㣬֮ǰǸСŮ˿̴軳Ȼ˾磬ȻСһ½סҲ¶Ҳò˼ĴȰЦݣСŮ
ëû
룡
ҲڵʱûĻ
У
һһȥͨãʵǺԼϤľ粻ͬǸսթ׺ŮˣȻҲĸԵһ棿
ˣȥɣЦĴëͷ߹ɵĻصĻղ̣ۼ˶ЦݵĿţȻѾǵһοֳˡ
С㣬⡭ۼص죬˿̳˵
һҪȥһЩҪ飬ǳҪٶ˵ˣɹԺ󻹻ᾭǣʧܡ˵ûм˵ȥȴǳĬƬ̵Ǹʱ򣬾չ˺ͱǣ
˵ţָָЩɵۣŮ˾ȻԼָ飬ǲںЭ֮ڰɣ
ֻ仰ûʳʵóۼضھƺǳҪۼصˣҲ࣬ϲŭ֣мˣѣСԼһ
ǲҪ˵ıֻҪ㣡˵ҲͣȻھ磬Ҫϲ
£ôˣǲͶ£ǣ翴һۣһ˿СŮ˵Ϸʡ
ʲôһֵ˾ˣǿʵ޷ǰȥͨͨ˺Ǹ൱ͬһϵ
Ҳ֪ԼѾôˣܵΧעӹĿ⣬ЩŪڴʲô⡣
ģһû㣬ҲֻΪ˱գһ˳ôҵģʧܻҳ⣬ϣչǣҪǨһ뿪Ӧò£԰ɣȻڴ֮ǰϣﲼ¿󱣻ǵİȫ˵꣬ҲôˣԼʦ¾Ҳ֪ԼԼһЩսʱ򲨼
ȻܾѾ׼ļʦֻҪһһ俨ۼؾͿ˵ǰȻϾҪѻ۾ĵطкԶҲ̫ܲ
˵𣬺˶¶Ȼ֮ɫȻҲ֪һҪĳޡ
ǶԾľ£ֻ֪˵һЩĻҲûã˶ֹСŮëƺ뵽ʲôڴë˵һ仰˹ס˾Ĵȡ
㣬ȥΣ𣿡
СŮıУ
ܲȥҲðգë峺Ŀž磬ò˵һкЧܾܾӵ
Ůˣ˿ж¶һ˿ԥּܿᶨҡͷӦ㣬ú󣬾ͻ㣬ʱסʹë棡
ǺãСŮָ
һУжھʶֶһ㣬ʱǡÿԶĲҲһͣʱ֪Լ֮ǰĲǶһˣӽԼʶŮˡ
俨ܿͲϣһԪĸ֣Ҳѷֺ͹С;ۼأǵİȫһء
뿪ʱ򣬾ۼ˶ͱ֪ԼǲۻȻǿһᡣ
һδӾ۽ǣ顣
ǰ·ʲôûʣҲʲôû˵飬ȨҲûҪָ棬ܿǾͿһƬ޴ľ֣ľ߶ȾȻﵽʮϣеߣԪ֮Ȫ˿̣Ѿдľɱ

ԪУԪ֮ȪϡٵĴڣÿһȪˮԪǵ͵ڶԪԪ֮Ȫ֮ͣΪԪ֮ȪǿһԴԴϿԵõԪԴ㡣


һһʮ 𣨶
ɭһƬžżУ˿һƬܼľǽ⣬ڶľ˴Կȥĸߴľһ壬⳼ھ˵Щսʿ࣬߰򣬶һЩͼ˿̾ЩͼľǽڷһһĹ
ھ˴棬һ߳׵ľ˴˿ֳһѾ޴ޱȵĺȣþ޴Ķ۶ǰľǽڣǽڸ߶ȳףȻǿԵֵ롣
۾žΪľˣóսȴʹ÷ǳֲǿľǾһʦҲߣ
ھһУֻа˱۾֪۾жǿ󣬶Ϊһߺ;£۾Ȼļƻͻƽһ֪ڶʱзܳʱֻܱƽ״̬ȻһҪϻΪǿԪԴԪ֮ȪͳҪĿ֮һ
Զ۾ŻԪ֮Ȫ
Ƶ˵ķȻռзĵһɸɱ۾´֮ǿѾһ졣
߰ڶ۾˵ֻڻңһʱȻĳɣһ㶼ۣΪһҲģۼԼռš
޴ޱȵľϣ鹭֣ЩֵڻļʸЩĵˣֻǵûнһĴ࣬ľǽ£ǧ޴󣬳ʮ׵ں͵˽սЩԪȻжܴγ½赲˵ֻʱ䳤ˣҲǵ
˿ЭصĻѵ壬ǧʥʹʦһЩ˻壬ϾǱѣҲҪһġֻҲо֪һҪֵ˼ǲܵģľݸһ㣬ľľԪ۴Ǿ˴Ķ֣˵Էһž
սľݸһڿƬ̵ʥʹĶȻɫ԰׵䵽һƬƽ̨ϡ
ΧȫǾ˵Ĵô죿ʥʹȻ¼Ǵ˿ȴһ־壬ʥʹгǱѾ˹ƣɴӴʵ뵽ĩԭʥʹҲͬһʧЩǾɵģۼһδ˹ôܲ£
ҽߣ뿪ľֻһʱıȫˣȻûҪһʥʹ˵
·ߵʱľݵľľԪͬǣǾô뿪ǲЩһɫԥŮʹ˵˼Ȼ˶
°æҲûðÿһ˭Ƕ۾Ϊľ˵ʵֻ̩̹Ͱ˱۾֮£ǾԲǶ֣ӣһŹȵʹ˵ֱ꣬ҲܣǲߣҵʵҪ͵͵Ӧò⣡
˵꣬ʥʹȻĶԶߡ
һ˴ͷܿ˸һʮʥʹɢӡ
޴ӵĶ˳ӹһΣһΣһƢʥʹ߶ȻγһΣǲˣгǱǳɥ֮Ȯӱ޷һҾԲӣҵĲҲһȻЩҪ̤ǵʬȥɣ
ͬҲУǼػߣɳ˿Եʱ̡
ż˱ӱ̧˵Ѿ˷޷ӵϢ֮˾Ȼǲһս⣬;һսĽ˴еƾɱһ롣
ֻܿ죬˾һĻˣھ˴߰ƲԼĴʱһֱͬɽһ㲻Ķ۹žͻȻһɭЦ
Цһ磬ͬӵйγļ磬֮ľήɢ֮޴ľȡһźɫĿƬȻ󼤻
˲ʱ䣬ƬɫĹ㣬ͬԹһɢһսϣ濪ʼ࣬һƬߵ֮أЩսĴ۵ңȻһɿֲϢӰ£ȫվ˲һ£˵ĴھһĽ֮󣬷ǵûм٣ˣǲУȻкܶľ;飬Щķߣ˿Ѿ˻õĽߡ
ʱһֻȭͷСͬһеļ׳ӹսȻϢķ룬ھʮУ;ͬʱ۾ǰһŹֵս棬սȫǹŹֵĴ֣ͬһԣվ˵ǳԣгͬʱҲҰԿκһֻսľ
ǣֻҪӴԣʹԪĻ˭ԹԵҰ
Ǿǹž֮ǿ֮ս䣬Ϊô򣬵վģʿǲҲ㣬һԽΪʬţڶθֻǱɺǾţһ˵ͬʬֻܸΣˣҲսʤ˵۾֮һɱǽо͸
һĴЩ⣬ȻˣǴôಿʲôãⲻǰװ׸۾ͱô
Ȼ룬ǺһЦȴǵģҼȻ֪۾˵Ȼ׼һΣˣ
˵꣬ͷǰȵľһƵ˲̽
´֮Ĵ㿪ʼǰƶҲǳĲǸ
˵ɵһԾǰٱܣź涼ǰ̾⾰ٶʵ̫ˣԼҲ뻨ȫܸϣĲҪ˺ܶ࣬ǾеʱٶȣĲ»Ǹϡ
һ·ֱӽ뵽ǰľ˴У˵Ҳ֣ǳھ˵һǾˣ֮ûĲҲ˳ͨǰǸ۾֮
Է˾磬ŤͷһȴǷһʲô
˱Ҫһݽ˿ȴһȻ⾰籾ǾһˣһһֱǱھ˵ֲʲô¶֪
˱ң۾ǳɭֻȥоЩǸĲվڰ֮⣬װǾһ㡣
翿֮װȡһſƬҪݹȥʱԶǿ˴ʮս濪ʼ˽ֱӴ˾˴һֲ
ô£۾һսȥʱһֱֹľͻȻ¶Ȼһȡһ͹ŹֵͬһŶ۾ĺ˹ȥ


һһʮ 
ɱʱǡôҲһֱעĶһ֪ˣԲ뵽ʱͻȻɱ
һ˲䣬һ͹Źֵ֪Ϊһθ𣬾˵׼֡
ǸͬһȷһݣӦһö
;һֱǳУһ˽֪ĳ׵ļһͷǿݣԴܵΪֲɱȻһרԸž
Ķ죬գ֮͵˶۾ĺǰ̴ɱֱӴ۾ĺû롣
ɹˣ
һ̣ͻ𣬱ҪĶ۾˿̾ȻһŤȻȻɢ⾹ȻֻһӰ
ƵģֻһӰ
ӿأҲɫѿǲ֪һֻһȦ׵ĻɵˡڻӰʧͬʱԶһ͸У߳һ޴ӰĶ۾˿¶Ϸʵɫž¶βͣͻˣΪһľݵģߣּСҳĶ֣Ƭ̾ͿԹ֪ΪʲôһһҹΪڵ㣬ھеļûʧ
˵ͬʱðһɹɻɫڵУȻЩһĶͬСɡ
Ѿɷףǰһ壬ͼ˺һɫǹŹֵǣЩʵһ㣬赲Ĺ˼ֻ˻
Ϲ峤ϵҺƳɵȻǾɱ֣Ҳǰ״׼ϧһжʧܣūʮ꣬Ҫʲôѵùң۾ڿ࣬Ȼŭɱ㣡
һȻα仯Ȼһ߳ʮ׵ľˡ
Ů壬ϸһ㿴ȥͬһƤ˫־޴ĹУָ絶һ֣˶۾
Ȼ֪йžӡǣ⻹ͷһο˻Ȼ൱ǿٶȼ죬ͬһͷӴޱȵԱ
޴Ĺ϶һ̽۾նһȱڣɫ΢䣬ķһӣЩն̻һʵĶһ˵˾ϣͬƵ˿߽ƣһٶȣȫ޷ӳ
ң˿̿һ֪Լˣ۾ֶ̫ǿǰ۾ˡɽ˺Ҿ˼һƺûж۾ǿҪ˵˻Ҳʵϳ˰۾˺ʯ֮ˣﵽ˱ɽҾ˵ĸ߶ȣһͱǹŹֵĻ壬ͬһ޷ѵһ㡣
ûԥ̼˻꿨ԱʵսҶ۾֮ǿޱȣȻҪɱòҪʵ
£Ϊ׸ߵľˣһץץһűľն˹ȥ
ɱ˱ɽ˶ıһն磬Ļɫն飬ͬʱܷĶãʯ֮ӡǵʩչһʯͻ̡
ûʱῨƬʩչĹȻۣӵðʮ׸ߵļʯܴж֣ҲԿɾ޴˺
ֻ۾֮ʮֽƻ̶㿪˵ľ˴УЦһ
̶ʱ˫ѾȻ;˳˿˿̸ոľ翴Ŵľ˴նɱͬʱĴʼ͹
ڹž˵ִвǣҲһЩ鷳֮ǿ﷭
ҲΪʲôҪ˶Ĳӹ
۾֮׷Ŵ򣬲ʱͷǿľ˿һα͵Ϯû뵽ȴǶ۾֮µȦףĿľ֣þŭ;С
ֻһĿģǾɱ˶۾֮ΪᣬԶûлˡ
۸ʲôۣҶҪɱ㣡Ϊᶨ˭֪۾Ŀֲеʱ򣬶ԷΣճ̶˱۾˺̩̹ˡ
ȻæȻҲȫ֣˿ıһնͷųʮ׶ӵ͹𣬽ʮľ˻ɱ۲ƻ棬ȻһȭԶĶ۾˹ȥ֮䣬һƬ׷ΧĻ𺣳֣ǰһƬڡ
ȵĻð׸ߣֱӽ۾֮ڣΧľҲ꼰㣬˵һ¹ֱʩչĿǰǿĹ
УǾֻ׻սˣֻǰҪΧľ˾š
δЧһ䣬Ǳ߾̻⣬һԾȻ𺣵лӶ޴Ĺкצ
˲ʱ䣬ͨսʿɱȫնΣЩź׵ľҲ޷ֵĹʮžУռеӡһ֮˵ģ˿һȻһ
һ档
ֻǺܿ쾰ͱ˻ģȻղͷųĻ棬֪ʲôʱЩͬƵԪأ㼯һ߳׵Ļˡ
ȫɻɵԪؾǶ۾˲֪ʲô۵ģ˿̾ȻǺվں棬һ޴Ķ۵УȻɢһĻ֪Ҳ֪۾ȫʵԷĶ۾ȻǿԲٿԪأԼ֮ǰʹԪؽｽһ޴оˡ
类޴ĻԪؾ˻ˣҲˣ䣬۾ֲٿԪصȻǺò֪飬˵Ϊֹļƻûдɹȫ۾߽⡣
ڣ㻹ΪսʤңΪžеĴʦǰ˱꣬Ҳҽ̵ѧҵĴڣлҪϣƾİ֣ôɱң۾˿̷˳Цһһֻּ˿ѾЩʧȥ侲ľ磬ѲԼơ
ɱ㣡ǰȥϿɱǾ޴ĻˣҲǰñЭķ˺ܴĴ۲ŽԪؾ˻ɢ
ٿ۾ˣѾͷһղű;ɱǧͨˣ˿ڿֲվˣЩ徹ȻһȦƤ˺ɫĶҺ
˶ҺǾڱץ˺ҲԵֵֶҺʴ棡۾˵꣬ǧ±Ľʬ˳
һĻҲͷƤ飬˿Ҳǻָһ˿侲һסˡ
СģֶҺж֮󣬼㲻Ҳټսף֮˷ðս棬Щʬˡ
ԭսͬʱǿǿ˴սѾ˶۾ľӣ˹γɺΧԸЩ綾ʬˣֻսȥ


һһʮ ľ
;˿̶ǴŴղŶ̶̵ļǾսǿȴǰδеĸߣԺŵ˵۾ʵʵѾﵽԪ˼ǿߵĳ̶ȡ;˻󣬶ﵽԪ߼Ԫ߼ĸΧһˣԷĻͷԼö۾ĿֲԷʩչ˾綾ʬ֮;ֻʱˡ
˿̳һȻǰͬһս鱨Գˣ۾ȻǸ۾ٿԪأⲫԽ˵ڵֽ׶ܶԿģҪȥ𣿡
ⷬѯʣʵ˼ԣþһжϾһʼԷվ֣˵۾׼֡
Уұ˽ħһûžڳɱûᣬᣬ֪ᷢʲôҽգûռԪ֮ȪҲʧȥսκЭҪǣһָоһʧܣûлɱˣ˿̼ᶨ˵ȻǴ㲻ϧһдۣҲҪ
һĲҲ˹һۼᶨľ磬̾˿ȻҲ˻һʮ׸ߵľˡ
׿ıʱ߾߰ɣҲﲻʲôæΪҲ֪Ѿطڻ꿨Ȼ㲻뱨ҲûáĲ˵
˻ĲһʲôҲû˵ȴȥսĲʵԪ۷壬Ըͨľ˿˵´࣬Ǿ綾ʬˣôвȾ綾Ҳ
ߣһû˵ûƬɱЩʬˣһ뵽ԼʩչĻᱻ۾ãͣһʱ侹Ȼ֪ô֣۾˵̫̬һֵĸоҪսҲҵᣬԷڽʬвҲǺް취
ڴսʱóǶھ綾ǿڶືηȻܿͽ۾Ĵ綾ʬ˺ҧһص⡣
סһƬ򣡡ʱ˵ͷӶʹñɽ˵̽Χǧ׷Χڵ⡣ղŶ۾Բٿػ棬޷ٿر˪ֻܿ;綼Щɵۡ
ͼ۾۾ƺһ㺮һ̣ϵıȻȻһıͻ𣬾ȻǶս˾޴˺
ֹͣҪʹκηˣֻоðһɺ۾˾ȻԽʩչķùռΪУһܷ󣬾ͬЩ˪˿ڶ۾Ŀ£Χɢֹ
ΪЩֲı̣Ĵܵ˾޴ĴĴ۾ԼĲҲһ
ƿ·ı̣һǰһ󣬳˶۾ֻûг嵽ǰ۾ʹٻһȺ߳ʮ׵ĶħˡЩܵӰ죬ϳϡŹֵ˺׵ļӼ׵ļǴ̣¯Щħһ֣͵ס;磬漴ս
ЩħˣȫԪ۷ĴڣѾﵽ˽Ԫ߼ĳ̶ȣȻԵ;κһ˵ĵ֣ˣԿӦӲϾƣڱ
ҪǣЩħһ̾ͻᱻ۾ĳ֮󻹿ԽĺǸþˣÿһ
ڣ˿ս鷳ǣֻйǻ桢˪׵绹֮ãһã̾ͻᱻ۾˿ƴӶԼ˵һʷҲյһս
Թ֣ܶĿǰΪֹ۾ǿһԷǿһֻûʩչȫĸоɱʯ֮ͱɽ֮ڶ۾ǰҲʲôǣ̫Զ
ȻԸϣȻڲǶ۾Ķ֣һ֪Ҳ֪
˿۾·һ㣬Ѫ˿ڵѾԣҪɱ۾ڳ˵ˣټȥܲ߶һ⡣
֮ͬǰ˵ģȻǶԷһȦףҲһᣬһɱ˶۾֮Ǹˡ
˲䣬ƺʲôһ㣬Ȼͷһȡһž˿
žǿʹÿƬģҲΪʲôžǿԭ򣬶˿;˵һҲӹɵǿ
֮ǰսֻϳķնɱˣͷһȡƬ
һסˣһԶ۾˵Ļᣡ˵˿һԾսһ㣬ھһѣˮȻ˴սǶԷȴΪ˰ȫʮ⡣
Ȼ;ףҲᾡȥڵǰﾰ磬ǰԼɲ֪۾Ȼֵ˱ҪɵǶԷԼѾ˳Уö۾ȥյùҲԼ
ģаս۾ˣӽնɱһĶħ˺ʵ
˵۾˱ûֱӻش𣬶ҧгݵ˵꣬Ȼ˳ȥĹԽ֮ȫնΣæǰ谭Ķħȫ赲⣬ҪһҲǺķȫ޷ʹþ˿Ƭ޷ʹ÷սۣҲΪˣͨ˵̬͵ֵסˡ
ٿһ·ͻȻĳ嵽˶۾ǰ˿̺¶ʮֿЦͲмı顣
޴Ѿ޿ɾҩҪԶٴβŻ֪ʵɱңѪ޴ļһһ𣬶۾ЩʬѪҺ˿Ȼִͬһ𣬽Ѿ嵽ǰӶնľβ
˿̾Ĺо۾ֻף׾ȴǱѪҺͣ˿̾ϣ֫ЩѪþȫҲ޷ǰһ硣
㲻ɱңǷܾǰɶԪ˼ֲμӵĴս˭ɱң̴壬ڳָµľӡǡ۾˵꣬Ҫ㶯֣ڴ˿̣һ̳Ĺд˿ͻȻס
һ£ȻĹֱӴ̴˶۾˵Ƥһ׳ѪӣһʱѪⷭ𣬿ȥΪֲ۾ҽһվŭģ㾹Ȼң㾹ȻңҪĥ㣬Ȼɱ㣡
˵һ֣ھϵѪð̣ƾľƤֻȴûвҽУֻǵͨ۾ŶĶ۾ˣ˲䣬Ȼ¶һЦݡ
Ѿ׼ӭأ


һһʮ ӡ
һɱˣɱʳ׼ȥ𣿡仰ʱ򣬴󲿷ߵһֲģΪ޷ֻǹ񫣬Ǵ˿̣Ǿ뾰Ķ۾һ仰Ūľ
Ϊ֪Ůһı󶯣ûеƣܲһеϮɱ־Ե˵ֻ
϶Ҫʲô¿ԶԶ۾в
Ҫʲô
ԼӦöܻлܶ۾Ŀܣ˿̾ѾǿֲѪƣãôвĶ۾
۾ȻҲǴ˿ǿĹžͬǸоһ˿Σգȫһֱֱ鷳ˡ
ֻ۾ţ۶ԷʲôԼӦԣղһ仰ŮǰĲʣͬĺݻ۾֪˶٣䶼ˣɺúõģϹžսҲǴ
Զ۾ΪԷܷ̣˵ɱԼ
㲻޴һˣ۾Цһ޴ƣһ¿ס˾ĲӣڣҾͰ㲱ֶϣȻѾ׼ӭôȥɣ
˿ҲǾԮۿҪֶϲӣڴ˿̣ͻ𡣾ұ۾ȻͻȻһѪ⣬·һεնϣֱӺ룬˼Ļں棬۾ұۣҲ󱬳һѩ⣬Ѫ罦ѵұۺȻء
һҽд۾ԭ¶˼ȵĿ־壺ô£ô
Ȼһۣƺ˿ЦΪʮֻڰӣӡǣҵİ˺ѵһҾͷģһҪɱ㣬ֲ;ķɱ㣬ʮҶѰҰ취Ҳҵ˰취㲻óòû˵ͬھһɣ˼һʩչʩ߻ͬΪۼĿƬҲɱʩߡ
Ļ۾ϵľѾǴﵽ˶㣬Ȼ֪ʲôͬھ
㲻Ҳֹͣʩ۾û֮ǰĵᣬ˿̵ֵĺһһ̬ٳ
˵ˣѾ׼ӭ㣬׼ûУҪ㾪ֵı飬Ҳܸˣһ㣬һҲȻըѪɣһͬըĻж۾ۡ
ˣǹžҲְ֪˼ͬھĿֲԼʲôɢʩĿƬ
ֻҲܲ⣬ֿƬԼûУŮǴʲôط㵽ģ
֪֪Ǵ㵽ĿƬֻҲ㣬ҲҪĲף˵õĳͷѾЩ̬һ̣۾ҪֵߣȺ;һըһ̲࣬һģˤڵء
ѪȿֲһĻҲľû뵽羹ȻôһɱУֻΪҪΪۣԿ϶ǲ򲻵ʩչ֮ǰϮɱƻܳɹҲ϶ᶯһſƬڼƻʧܣۿ޷ʱһſƬ
ڶ۾ޣѾﵽ˲ܻĵز
£Ů˸ӳַת䡣ڶ۾ĲҽУҲը飬ȻҲһֻ屻Ѫ˩ţֱ壬ڵϰĶ۾۾㣬ƺ֫ըϵʹһ
һ̣ȫܸĿС
ͣ£磬ôҲͣ£ȥҲǱߣԡѪսɱΧĲ˿Ҳǳ˵
ֻֻǵ׿ı˵һУ
ΪʲôңԸȥĲ˻ţֻû˵ֻóĲȥֻҪһž˰˼ͬھֻǹžܼ
Ƭ֮ĲȥҪѵ֫¼ƴգȻù֫ͻ⣬̶ֳ¸ƴաĲܣͬħһ㣬ϵ⣬һֱظ
ͷ­ˣ۾ѡʹͿֲõĥ˵꣬ͿʼһıΪµϣʱû
Ǳ߶۾Ҳһʹֱֻ˿̶۾ŲҽУҧΪɱң㣬ҵҵӡҲٸһ£ͽһֲָ뵽ӡǵУˣֻҪӡǲͿ¸û뵽ɣķҪɱңʧܣҲ԰ˣȻ˿ֲʹࡣ
žʹ۾˵ĻһֻܿЦˡ
ߣΪû뵽һ㣿Ϊûƻľӡǣڣľɣ˵һ䣬Ǵ˻ģһ̣ȻͷųһɼΪֲԪһ˲䣬˷·ʲôѵ
ãһ˲䣬ֻоͷƤ飬о˼ȵΣգΣв
ԥ˫ڵϣʯ֮һ޴ʯǽڣԼǰ
ͬʱȻһҫ۵ĹâһϯľͱըȻϵĶ۾ڲ˼;֮£׻ΪҽͬľӡһΪС
ʰĲҲһ֧飬ֲıըɣ˵Χľ˺ս棬ľݺԪ֮ȪҲ
һɱըƻ̫ǿľֳһյشΧڵ˵һ⡣
һ޴ʯ֮ǽҲǺܿͱ飬ȡһʱ䣬ķȫʩչ
Χ˴ʯ·һʯףֻʱҲֻӦһ̣ͬһɾ޴ǽںݺײһ˲ڰС
ľϰٹǸۼأ˿Ҳص𶯸ǾֵܳԶ
һɾ޴̳ͬĩվ
С㡭Զը̳ǵ֮ɫ
һɱը̳ʮɢľֱ˽ķ֮һʱ䳤ˣһЩҲ῿鿴Ȼм񵽺ܶףЩѾ޷ʹãеȴǻãһЩС˵ЩҲǷһСơ
һЩСϢ˵֮ǰ˿ʮĴ棬Ȼһûгһըˡ


һٶʮ ʬ
ԴӾ֮ҺԪҲȥԭĹ⻷úһеʱ򲻵ò磬һЩƧ
ʱҲӦԪ磬һЩľۼأһ𣬵һЩطΪ棬еʱҲһطľɭֱԵһϣôһС;ۼء
Ͼɵִľ׮ʯ򵥶Χǽһ򳡰СΧ棬ɽ¸߶ȲʮףŲټ򵥵ķݣ
ΪľɭַǳʮǰһըҲһЩι̵ķЩѵСۼִһЩ鷳⼸½ɭҳһЩɢףҲø
˵СۼؾԪײĽײ㣬ǺǵľۼضҪǿ̫࣬ҲˣＸûʲô֣ƽʰһЩԴɱɭһЩͼҰΪ
һ޴ıըÿǶԴɭһЩ
˿Ϧ䣬Ⱥ˴ɭﷵأŸָϡŹֵĶСۼһӻһĵ̣˶˿õȡһЩʺͿƬ
˿һݵϣһߺŲ裬һ߿ŵϵġá
һЩںӴҲɱմȾһЩϰߣ̣Ȳ裬νĲҲɭһЩĲϵҶӣժϴɾɹɣͿˮźȣζԡ
ߵĺ룬˻һµϵĶȻħһף˶󲿷ֶͨʣ˼ӣȱһ֣ĥأ鷳ѪҺɢŵħһĶ˵ʵܻŵԪǸһĻֵǲûʲôɵĶһоĵģҿԸʮŵԪȻҵĶֻҪǼֵ൱ģԽ
һǰʰ˵󣬺ߺʹĽʳԪȻ뿪ڶȥɭֻҪȥһˣͻջ񣬶ƽ׼ġ
öһߵսĥûʲôˣﵽĳɣƤҲƿҸʮ⣬ʮŵԪôټ˵ܺãһһװ˲֪ЩֻҪ򵥵ĻֱӿõһٹһС۸չ۵ϣȻǲ˵ģԪײĴڣûнͨߣһٹ·̾Բˣ󲿷嶼ߵôԶⶫСۼǷëǰϡ١
ʱ洫һ󾪺һӲ·ĳ˵ëд⣡
ԭ˽ëȻʶǸ󺺣Щ̫ԸŲ壬Ǳ˳ϲĻĲ豭˵ġƷĳθƶɣǹأһЩʳһѵﻻġ
ƽʱëҲܰߵĶװģš
̣߳˱ǶһʬеĶЩ˵ʬ壿˵ˣҲչʬ壬ЩͼʬûκôôǾ
һ˵һߣȵ߳ȥȻȴŵһ£ǸëɱĲ豭ֱˤ˵ɰ˰ꡣ
ûע⣬оֱĶǸ޴ʬ塣
ʬֻʣϵһ壬֫ûˣȥҲҪʮףëƺ뵽ʲô߶µ⡭Ǿˣ˵Ĳʬ
ͨô򵥣ʬϸŵһʯôļӲѾͽˣſ϶һʵǿľˣѪҺƤǷǳõĲϣӦڼһüǮɣʮֵĿë
һ󺺾Ȼ֪еĴڣҪƶԷñȽϱ˵ļ۸ǲˣ˴ĲʬҪʮﵽԪϵ׳ŲԼİּҲûôˡ
룬ëû˵ʬ鿴һȻͷʹ󺺵ô
Ĺϵķ֣ģ̽ͷ˵
԰֣һȥУëҲʾ
ɽˣʹĴӦˣҲ֪Ľͨߺ٣ֻëȴͼͷ½ޣڼеĹϵЩһҲܽ޴Ĳʬȥÿһ˶ԳʵͶһЩľۼأܱƫƧƵطǿ
ܿ죬˾ͽ޴Ĳʬ̶ڵϣֵأñһЩ͵һЩ
ëȻİĲܺã۹ȻҪǿˣʬǰǲˣֲʬ㣬һ߿Դﵽ׵ľˡ
־ˣٶԪ弶Ԫּľ˲ʬԿһۣǷֵһ棬ҲǴ׬׬һֱҹ˷ܵ˯žڵԪ磬ҲһǳȺ󲿷ֳΪūͣͼĹë֮ǰĳū֮ͣǸ˴ɨë˳ȻƧ˵ļʶʹһЩҵ￪ӻ̣ӹҲޱȡ
ҹëʵ˯ţܳúÿǾ˲ʬ˵˸߼˵ѪҺпܻ̥ǣǿʵǿ׳͵͵һЩѪСǸ˵ǲġ
ƽʱֻᣬԪͼľˣֻܼβܣֻᣬȻҪһ¡
ҹһˣһ࣬ʶëҲûᣬëʬϣȻ󵽴ؿλãȡѪҺȼڡ
ڴ˿̣һǿͻȻë֣˲׹ߣΪһ̫ëʶľ͹˵ϣʾ
ֻϳ֣˸֪ʲô顣
ʲôطëѧӹһҶ֮һ
ȻҲֱӴʶг֣ë֪ԷһǿߣΪֻгǿߣ
𾴵Ĵˣ£ëһ˿֪ʲôȴ֪˿ҪǸ֪δǿޱȵĴڣܻΪ鲻öɵ
ë֮ܵƧΪΪӺС
£ǸȻ֪ʲôطһʱĬ


һٶʮһ еʧ
һǰָʶģָʶ֮ͷһòܵʵľ˻ܵ
Ҳ˵˵ĻѾ
뵽֮ǰ緢ľ޴ըѾ֪ʲô飬Ϊ˸˵ǳﻮ˺ܾãս棬˴ǿˣֿԺ͵ͬھĿƬˣΪһͷĳֶ˾ӡǡ
ӡ飬˵ʵҲ֪Ҳ϶ǻ˺ܶʱŬҵӡǡ
ò˵ӡǺγɵıըǿţƵԪ˵ҲûֲֿƻҪ֪ԪڵԪһըƻ޴ըֻҪǴﵽԪҲԿԷ
ǾӡɵƻԪ߼Ĺžӡǣ˵Ԫ߼ĴһըҲܴͬ۾˱۾Ҳⲻˡ˵ӡǾһֲĴɱǣӡǵķֻо֪Ϊ˸𣬺Ͷ۾ͬھȻطҲ˵֪
ھŮˣڷûôˣȻһʮĲû̫Ϊ˸˵ѾһУԴѷ¼֮ŵΨһĿľǸҪ˵оǾŮЩ
ԷΪ˸𲻹һеԱȴջѣԷ֮ǰûиԼЩҲ֪ŮΪ˸𣬾Ȼ˵ĲһУԼҲЩھԱСֱը£ԼҲ̫⣬ȷţȻֻʶţھ˻壬Ѿ
ǽ֮ǰ鶼Ժרע˼ԼΪʲô£ʶҲӦʧŶԣΪʲôԼʶڣ⻹ڣԼʶȻǿǰǿԼʶɱˡ
˼˼ʱĲʬɭֵЩ˷֣Ȼ󱻵˱һϳɭ֡ûֹڵʶȻΪǿ󣬵Ҳ޷ƶЩҲãٿ뿪ɭ֡
ʱ֪ԼĲʬȻǾ޴ıը֮£ɵ˷ǳԶľ룬ȻЩҵ˻ȥ
ȻѾʶǳҹëԼѪʶѹͼ壬ҪһЩ顣
ֻ֪֮˵һֳƺͬһطԭû֣е˶ˣҲͳһҲˡ
Χ֮ڣһģľۼأȻΪһӪĵطҾͽоۼءۼزôҲǾˮˮ¾ۼһٶʣµĶëĵͼ塣ëǵĴ㣬ὫĲʬһ
㽫һ䣬ëѾЩŵ˿ӣֵ̰ᣬȫᣬ˵⣬ҡҡ
Щ˵Сͷ죬Ҳһԡ
ûʲôˣ˲ʬѾûʲôôҲΪ֮ǰͷһջѵ顣
ھ޴ıը£ھֱ䶪ˡ
ʲô˼
еļҵеĿƬһеһж䵱УǿĿ侹Ȼˣһ̷֣Լепһ
Ҳ˵޷ģһſƬûУһ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬶ǿޱȵʶȻܽԼĲʬȥһЩԴڵ˵Ҳһ¡
ڶ䣬𻵣ʮ⣬žһֲıըҲ𻵷ֺʶҲܸӦԼĿֻ˱ըΧһλڱըΣޱȣ޷ƶֻʱٻȥȡ
ڵ˵ޱȣ뵽ȥľ磬뵽ȥĲʮ־Լ˵ģܻˡ˵ΪһըĪǿʶ
ë˿̲Ȼ͸ǿڵͼֻʵʵܣԲңΪ˵СΪܸоԼܣԷҲ˲ɵԼ
ʶ̬ͬһҪĳּĵҪ壬룬תƵëϣûκ⣬ָоʮʶ壬ǳԽĴڣΪʵҲһ壬ʶȴĴڡ
ľӵë֮ͿëĴƶǿʶ壬¸ոγʶ޷һ㣬ϰԣ˿ֻ̣ľӡ
ܵһǿʶܵԼëЩûιȥǺޱȣԼΪʲô̰ģΪʲôҪҹܹʲôѪǿ׳壬ҲûԼҪ
ֻֻɲ˵һ˵ŭǸǿĴڡ
ϧë֪㲻˵Ҳܲ˼룬Ҳһ·֣Լʶ뵽ԷȻԶԷ˼룬ôܲܶļ䣿
ǶԼʶ̬ܺ棬ʲô볢һ£ֻܿͷ֣ȷԶȡëļ䣬ȴǺܷҶļеʱ򲢲ȫӦΪԼûȫԭ
ˣҲ൱˷ܣһȻʧȥԼ壬ҲջǾǵõʶ塣ʶͬһ޴ı⣬ֻ̽еһ䣬кܶȴ̽ͷ֡
ڻָʶʱģԱΧڵһȫľЩʥʹҲΨԼţ£ԼֻʲôɱԹġ
ʧȥ壬˿һпƬţȻεʶ̬ߣžˡ
ʧҲȻá
Ȼеʱʧȥ˾ʧȥˣĲˣʲôûеõ磬ٴԸǾǸɹˡ
뵽һЩ飬ͻȻЩԸë仰Ȼʶ΢˯˹ȥ
ë֪ԼôصԼǸ̵ģһڲˮǻһû˯ûӣС˾ˣ˵ڶȻǾήңֻһ˫С۾˿־塣
ëһϸʲôˣôӣ˹ëήʵ
ʲôϵҪǲʬߣܵͲˣץʱ·ë۾ߺһȻҽĴ˵˯ǰҲ˵


һٶʮ ·ϵ鷳
ëѾǸƿޱȿֲĴڣëʶ˵ָǿߵĴ˵ûмֺ̬·εһĴڣǸʶĿֲѹ֮£һ˿һķ˼ǸһаļƻУļƻǽʱռƷúǸ޴Ĳʬһ
ȻҪ϶Ǹ޴ĲʬһսëὫʬʬΪۣһʬǮ֮ǰҲ͹һľͷդһӣԷͳʮ׵ʬ壬ʮӣ½ǰУһһʱҲԸϵС
ܿë˺˾ͿʼʬϵӳϣȻͼͷ½뿪¾ۼء
һͻʮˣ˶ǴϾ·ٹ˵ʲô鷳
¾ۼʵǿƬϡȱҲ廨ţǹеȻУǲ࣬ΪװӵܹԴ󲿷ֶŸ͵һ࣬ȻƷʶһ㣬ʮǰĴը󣬴ɭҵ˺ܶףȻ󲿷ֶ𻵣ֻҪ΢޲һ»ǿʹõġ
ڽЩͻ￨ëҲûΪٶ˺壬ûһƿ˵ǣǼûˣƿҲǼ٣˭ƿǵλ̾ͻˮǴߣΪһЩϱǲ÷ˡ
Ƕ໹˵ͷȴ¡
·ϣһûһĺëţҲЩ£жʮˣࡢ嶼УҲԪľߣһȥǸĺаļУһʬҪȥһѿ
ëҲˣлǾë۳ȥģһҲΪ²ʬļֵ̫ԲŴëһȥС
ëżӦһ䣬ʱ䶼ǹ򶨵ַӦɵ·ϻ鷳Ͼ·ϺܿһЩǿҰޣҲһЩǿ
˵ǿ⸽Ѿ˹ģǵҲ壬Ȼ岻ͬͬǶǳײУ֮󶼲»ڡ
˸·֮⣬ֻǶĵЩǿʱһֵҪ˵Щǿ˵һˣһֻ࣬һֻ䣬ǳҲǿǺܶǿսʿҲǱϵģûлڣڼǰ˵һۼصͻ·ϱɱ˸ɸɾܶ˵ǶɵģҾҲûʲô˲һҪÿ
һ׾ңϼ¡𣬴żԲһ׵ĻףץһЩĥĿж̵⵶ȻЩƾɺĥ𣬵ĥʯĥһ£ɷ
崵ţЦ˼䣬ֻ·ϵЦ̸ֻ֮Ǿͱǰһ˸ĽҰⱻǿëҲȵǿһǿͷģһĿɿڴǸղǸֵ壬һ˲Ӭʺӡ
ǿͷһ࣬ǿ׳ޱȣһ׽ƤĻףһ䵶ͷ˫͸һɫһֻͺͺġ
ӳץһ֧װĲǹﻹһѶ̽Ȼ֣һɫǿҲˣȴƫƫаĶν˵Ӱ⣬ȻƲһ㲻ã¶Ҫ
ëһǿҲһҲ˵ʵǿҪǷǳײУÿ춼Ҫȥһ˼УȻ˵
ëߵȻ٣ۺʵԲԷǱͬʮˣһͬɷһ㣬ŵڱܣٶȺ½ޣ·һǱƥҪõϵļ۸ҲͣǱʮˣÿһȻԷɱ֮̾Ϳתƣı׷ϡ
Ƕ½ȻǳмĿһëһۣȻֿһۺŵľ޴ʬһ˫׹ֵ۾͸һ̰
Ǿ˵ʬ壬ȥתһǿ׬Ԫֵǣ֣Ϲأȫߣڣһ£ЩͽͺųȻֱӿɱ
ƴˣҲһˣԷһ˿Ҳͷһݣ֪޷ˣƴ˵һ˿ʤ㡣
Ĳǹ̿ͬлһֻһȻ׼ǰļϴףǸװǹеӵҲ޷䴩
ͷһ̺ˣ߼ûзӦܵʱѾֱӱ½޵ķͽڵء
ּݣˮǻףҪǿëˡ
ʱһҧȻȡһſƬٻһūͣëХǣͷͬСţһһ֣˵˶ԷһˣһڽԷԴҧ
¾ۼأūҲϡȱһū͵в٣ͷĶūǺ١ǱҲëļٻ˸Եū͡
һͬٻūͣȻ룬;Ȼ޻Ҫһһ֣һƬ˿޺⼸ūסôǶá
һ̣ȥһھͽҧһľΪԼһūӦÿŤתս֣û뵽ūϣԷҲѹһһذɡ
м±ɱҪˣȴҪߣǺܿһƬ˿ɹͼһС
ëЩҲһӪһĵطʲô֣ĲԪֱǵͼеĵͼҲûʲôսʶֻƬ̾ͱɱһ룬ʣµҲǱסëһǹһѻذףҴӳܷŹ
һ۾Ϳ˶ڳëЦû뵽ﻹһֻëȥǼһϳһҪͣǿʲôдŵĻ󣬹
ɷһķͽȥë߽ķͽѾ̲סղսҲˣԼһѹǶ֡
ʱǸһ
ëôˣ
ƺʶëȴûо˶뽲ȴǸ˵ˣѾ֪ôˣ鷳ҾɣҪ塣


һٶʮ ëţ
Ȼǳ˯һϵԼʶ̬Ҫ˯׳ͬʱԷԶʱռݼ壬һҲǸӦëĿ־壬Բ˹Ȼղŷ飬ѾëļŪȥòë˵
ڶˣȻǰɵĵˣһθëͿѹ
ΪʲôҪô󶯸ɸ꣬ȫΪһֻû
ǵģˡ
Ȼ֪ԼܻѾллص飬ⲻջԼûˣпҲȻµǿƣ˲ܴȡĶܹһ޴鷳Сô֪Ҳ֪ЩȻķһķͻлѷʽǱ
ëûʱ䷴ӦҲûһ̣͸оһɿֲͬˮһ˳ѪΧһ̣ʧȥ˶ĿƣǻԿȴǲ˵
⣬ѾճסԶ˶Ǳ˿ǾһȺ׵һ㣬ǿ־塣һʼǸ˵ҪɵǸ壬˿ڵϣɪɪڸղŵĺ׳ͱԺ
磬ô죿һСߵǿԼ侲Ȼ°ɣҹŶ·񣬲̫ܷǻ뿪ﻹ͵͵˼ŷһĶ֣ǿҵĶ£ɢߣסжԶӶԶܼһС
ëô죿һë£˿ʵ
ڹˣ˭ܹ˵˭ָϰܾ㣿ʶëʱҲˣǼһмëҶ֪һ϶ģҲû׼ëҵ٣˵ЩǼ˿̶ѾߵԵˣЩһֳּ⵶һһҽŶסȻǾḻ³ëܡ
һЦëȤĪΪӹһ٣˵ˣҪͳݱݰɡ
˵ֽ꣬űŵģѾԪ֣ҰԲֱ۵ΪǿһֱӱıΣȻһ¾͵
˿̳ëֵȴʮ쳣
Ϥ˶ΪСļһ϶СУһѱһĹģǴ˿ëûСֵĳѰ򶨣°΢΢̧һİȻɫƺһ˿Ц⣬һ˿Щĺ⡣
ģһֻëҲİˣһƤ㻹ţƲţƣԶëı飬ȴǺݺһڣ¶һɫϲǱ˵ľֺͺУйԼĵӣë˿̵ıȴǴŭԶѾˣҪ̵ķʽɱͼ塣
ŵĺЦᣬƬ̺ͷ˳ͬڵһɳȥ߰ԶȻصײһʯϣԴײãճɺԽһأȻĲ
һĻ̫٣쵽˶ûзӦһʱ˶ˣǱֵĿɿڴӶ˲հˡ
ٿëƿĳ˳ͦأͷһģȴǸһΰ֮У൱Ź֡ͼë˿ȭͷȻ૵̫ˡ
˿̵ëʵë̫˵ıǣë̫ˣղһȭȥëָȻ͹ˣȻ൱Ĳ⣬仰ڶ˶ǾЩͬˡ
˵һȺ˱ѾȴǿתëȻͻȻˣһȭһˣǸղһ仰ؿӿһѪ
̫ţˣ֪˭˵һ䣬˿ëȻǸߴˡ
ڶĶ仰ȴǳĴΪԷ˵£ԴӸ·ٵеûбӺӹĻһ¾ʹ
ããӵ󰡣ܺãүүҲС˵ƣӾͰԸԴŤߣ˵꣬γƱǣٲȻԪ۷ǿߣֱѹ˴˿֪Ƕô
ãҪˣҪˣкϷˣ
ëҪùˣƿǺܺÿҲ۸ˣ
һ˴˿мȻԶʵǳģҲѹ֣һƬԪ۷ѾǶˣǶսḻͬԪһҲĶ֡
һ̣һǰȻһӰǱߵëѾˣҪնë֫ȻٺúĥԷڸղŶԷôͻȻһԼһ£ëһʼڰԻһȭһԪҲıëãǶܶԷָѾۣ˵ղŶԷһȫǷˣǿ֮ĩ൱ŵġ
գ֮䣬ͳ嵽ëǰĸֵҲһ⣬նë֫
ÿ죬۶ٶȣһ˴˿̾
ⲻǷϻóľٶȣٵ˶ǻûӦͱж˿飬һЦûнصһһӰɳȥ䵽ʮ׿⣬ˤڵϣ֮ҪŬ£һȣˡ

һ紵˹˿˿ǰ棬ëúõվҲ˵ղŷɳȥǶһܹȥһŵ̱ڵϣͼ˿Ѫ۾ɴѾˣǻȥȻǲܴģϸԿؿڣһ˵Ľӡ
Ԫ۷ĶȻǱһǸ¸оԼҪˣôܷ
ʵǰ
Ǹëһ˶磡ǷӦ˹гëѾǳ˿־塣
һʼԷһȭһԪ˵ʱȻԾΪʰԷǴ˿ҲһŻֱӽĵˡ
˽꣬̾ܣٿǸëһܣҲ˶Ĳͬ⣬ɱȻײУģҲ¡ǵͷһûһٸ
ҲɢӣʱǱߵëһ½ޣƬ
һ仰ȥƽȴ֮ǰЩֻЦ϶ԷˣڣǺԥִУȻѾɢӡ
Ѿˣֻһ£ëʲôʱţƣּĸֶһ


һٶʮ ϵ
Ȼ˭ûпëôߵģڳë˶ܰ쵽
ٿëЩҡεߵ֮ǰٻİūǰūԪǴ˿ëǰȻŵɪɪΪʵʶѹ˹ȥʶѹεǿ󣬰Ĺ㣬ʶѹѾȫﵽԪ߼ı׼һ£һԪԪ߼ǰɪɪ֮⻹ʲô
ë֣ǰϣëڵԪȻǽصһƳ˿Ƭ
ʧһŵԪûУ￨ƬǰҪж٣Ǵ˿̣һؿ֮ǰֻܽһ¡ղһͨëսûȫӦЧȴǲӦ֮ȻҲὫղ˷ߡ
ë˰룬ջ˿ƣʶ̬µÿһζ˵һµĿʼҪúղŵľһοƾͻӦֺܶˣеĻҲһȭһŪ˺˺ܶࡣ
ëоǸǿޱȵĴڽ廻￨룬оԼ·Ρ
ˣֺγǡ
˻˿УǿëѾ֮ǰһһٰʮת䣬˿Ļòмͱĵ۹⿴Сӣ˿Ǿηһ˿˿ݡ
һƿ֮⻹ë
֮ǰô˵ǾԲţǾǰ飬ȴɲǲš
ëһţƤСγһССƴСȴǷޱȣ˿˿Си֮£Ǻ׾жϣһƾСëͽ˾˳˿ŵĲʮˣʮһϮС
ëһѵʵغܺãҲ⼸ɭŪһƷõľһ嵶˵⵶ֻһЩߵȾУȻǷ쳣ԴĳԪħ
ë磬ô죿ʱëµһǰʵһˣ߳ףëĸͷ˵һˣǰȻë£ǰôһϰ岢⣬вǴ˿̣˭Ҫ˵ʱӹ£ëҪ˰ͷʾ
ëεȾȻó˶̬ȵת䣬ҲɵĵҲãȻԼǸ֪ǿڿƣǱ˲֪ԼͽǸǿߣǿһ֮֮ϡҲ³Ϊһ̷⣬ٻͲһǵλ˵ơ
·Ǽһ۹ⲻԿвʬ˵ֵƣǰһҪＯУȻʧһЩ֣ңԺ󱣹ǳë˿ʮе˵һ⡣
ãģҲǺܵ⣬ϲֻҪȭͷӲϴ󣬺ʣһֱز¶ë׵ĳˣλϰ壬Դˡ
ë㡭ʲôʱôˣë²ͬʶëã֪ëĵϸ˽⣬ëͻȻ˴
ëεȾǸشû͸¶ԼĴڣôë;Բ˵˿̹صĵʲô˲㲻֪ˣôԺңԱ㵥ǿ
ûȤֻ̽̽ʵû뵽Ȼһȴǲ˵˲̫ϲ£֮¾ۼţǿܣԼ£Ҳ˸ǣͼһڡëȴǲôԸ⣬ë˿¶ǿı¡
һΣëɵ˳Ķ֮ʰһʬ壬Ȼ·ˣǾˣʱֵǮ
ϵĶȻëЩ½޺˷µһЩƬû˸ҺëҲңȶɲԶˣëһȻҲ
ãֻ֮ǰߵĶЩѾ˳ȥ֮·ûκ·ٵˣһһԶԶëǣȻŵĶӣƺǲǸ·ˣëǷһ
£ҲǸоˬ˵ԭëˣǴ˿һ⣬ָоͷһС
޾գ̫ûɽǰž޴Ĳʬ˼ڡ
УΧٹΨһһԻƷΪĵطڵĵصǸʵԽǿһۼأۼصһ࣬ţа˳ɵ¶ǿ壬ʣһˣ̶ʱļѾһƬһгľɭǸ޴ľľ飬ʱҲгС
Դһ˽֪Ĵը֮гû˼ټ
ΪﱾһۼأҲΧǽëڽʱһЩ鷳ŵĲʬ̫޴ԱëҲˣͨ˳С
ֻôһ֣˶֪¾ۼصһؾ޴ľ˲ʬ
гʬƷ˵ģֵͼҰޣ߼˵ӦоУҲǲв롣ȻЩʬ岻Ϊ˳⣬ΪܶʬĲϡ
ЩϿƬͻףֻһЩĶеʱ򣬺õʬ壬ǳߵļ۸
¾ۼش޴ʬ˲Сĺ䶯Ȼڴ֮ǰѾһЩԴ˹ֻ󲿷֮ԱǱʾš
Ծµë·ϸɵ˶ҶǱһġ
ʲôˣ
Ҳ˲֪˲Ԫ۷ʵԺһЩʵǿԪļֶԿֶζսḻ̸֮ɫĹ˭ڰ·
ǿߣôܱһֶû˸ɵǵ˴ëǺҲʱ򣬸ǽǸԶΪԡ
һֻë󣬸ɵ
Цˡ
˿һƹڣһëƤͼ׵׳ȹһҾ֮صĽӷϡ
ܸ㵽˵ʬ壬б£ǸԾˣҼҲֻܺ൱һ壬ԪͼĴڣҲҥߣҿûɻˣ׳˵꣬˾֪ʲô˼ɲƲ֪ҥ϶޶ԡ
Ȳ˵ˣҲǼٵģµܸһ˲ʬǿǲ򵥣˵ͨĸͷ˵ʬ壬˵ҪˣһϢͨʿһڣ˾ƹɧ


һٶʮ Ů
ߵľˣôܣ
Ϣ˵һӦǲܣҲǣƫƧܼһͨѾ˲ˣ˵ߴﵽ׵ľˣ˵˵û˵
ƽʱǾǼһЩˣҲף˲ʮף׸ߵľжֲ;û
Ǹʬаߣʱһڽ˳ʵ
ȻҲûãֻҪһͨĹƣûкȹһڣһɫ񣬽ȫסΣȻһŮˡ
ȻӦú֮ǰľǱ߷ĴսйϵһѾ˴Ԫ磬Ҫǻƽһ֣Ԫ綼Ϊһĵ̡ľݵһսģܴ󣬲ǶҲϾһսµ˾ǴɭҵĲʬʮǰ﷢ıըʬܾܿΪǱըƵġ׳˿̿ǸŮ˵ôĵĽ⣬ܸоŶһ˳Ů˾Բ򵥣Ϊս壬սʿһǿߵֱܸоĳŮӦúȻǿߣŮõ𾴡
µģŮʵĵڶ⣬Ȼڴǲʬ⣬һ㵹ֻҪЩģŪǸ˲ʬҪ֪ǿвϵġ
˵µ˻μᣬҪõǲʬμᣬۼصó飬ҪŪǲʬҪ׼ԪƬˡ׳˵꣬ƹݵľžͱһײȴ߽ģªȴǿ׳壬ЩǵԪڶ࣬Ըײеĵħ
Ƶߣǿ׳ֲڵ壬ͷɫƤСĶ䣬ݣ䣬ǵ֫쳣Ȼӵкǿƻ
Щħеͷ죬һһ˰̣ź׵ǿ׳ħһõͳͬĥʯëһ˶ģԭ˲Ҿ߲ٱˣǾġ
ƹĶƲ磬һһħļƣ֪Էë鷳ģֻҲ£һ˲мɣľۼأ£һ֣һٸϳȥֱӻɱҪ£ҲҪصʱ䡣
ħɵ֮ǰҲ֪ۼصĹأ֪ǸҲûзֻЦȻҪ˼ҵľơ
ʱ򣬽ǸŶŮ߳ƹݣʱ򼸸ħвˬֱӵŮ˵ıؾ֮·ϣҪҲ
ʱǸͷĵħƺʲô۾һɣ¶˼ȾֵɫԼһ仰˵ÿһ
ǶŮ˿ûͣ٣ƺֻ⼸ħǿһ㣬߳ƹݡһĻȻ˶ˣȻǲô£Ǹħͷµļ˶˼䣬еĵħһͷ亹Ȼһ£ȴûһ˵ߵղǸŮ˵ݣȻԴ˼ɻ
ղһĻĳȻǳ˵̸ۻʣǱħķӦӰƵģ˵ҲС˺ܶ࣬Ƶġ
סǵħһȻ˽𣬺ܶ˶Ͷ˾ˣȴ˳Ǹëǰֻǵһū߸Ǵ˲ԭǵħĲƲЩǾͿһƬ¯µĵħʱǲŸԵһǵǸë˵μᣬ뿪ʱסԭǵһУȻ˲ʬõĲƸҲǣ͵ظɱħͷ˿̳ħ˵
ͬʱĳʱ統УëˣëһҵԼˣʬίϤйëȻֻ֪ϣԼĲʬõļǮ
ʱëҲһκǸضǿĴڴ˻ҽ֮ΪˡΪë֪ԷĳԼˣǽû˭۸Լ
һëСܣûʲô˵ëÿƣʬȡһЩԴԪʱë齨һ飬ѰԼʧĿ䡣
з˾޴ըûΣջ˵֮ҲҪһԱʱ֮裬ҲҪ뷨ŪһЩͨ߻ͨѶߣϵǵ˵
ȻҲԺԼֻʣʶȷǣԼڵﵽһּΪֲĸ߶ȣڱըһ˲䣬϶ʲô鵼Լʶ׳󵽼ҲԴȥĵز
Լ˽⻹ֻһһ޴ı⣬кܶȴھ򣬶Ŀǰȷһ£ǾԼѾԪ߼
˵Ԫ߼ǾԲһ˿Դﵽĸ߶ȣԪ磬ϵڶԪ磬ﵽԪ߼Ҳٵÿ˵Ƿëǡ
ԪУԪһԪȥԪļԪԪؾԪϾֻͻˣЩǿ˵Ԫܴﵽߵȼˣһȥ
Ҫ֪ʦƽ̨ҲûԪ߼Ĵڣ󲿷ֶԪ弶ԪΨһǵ¡ʦΪʦﵽԪ߼۷ĳ̶ȣѾǿס
˵ԪǶ壬ڽԪ۷ʱҲôΪģǸʱΪԼǿԽԪ߼ҲԵûѺܳʱ̡ԪȼϾԪ߼ʵ̫ѣοǸʱԼ˻꿨ԻõԪ߼Ҳ̫⡣
¾˻ͬ˻꿨ԼıҲʧȥˣΨһµģǴ˿ʶ壬ǿʶ̵ΨһᣬȻﵽԪ߼ʶ˵ǼΪҪġ
һƻҪϵͶóͷԼµ壬Ͼʶ˵κ嶼ԡһǰԼһģһȻټȥʵϾͺûʲô
ʶȻǿ󣬵Ƕʱ޷Ҳ޷ϵԼˣȽëһԪϷ˿ԶеĽͨ߾ͿԸϻȥȻǰŪʲôطһʼʱͨĴҲ˵ʵҲ֪һƬ򾿾ԪʲôطҲҪ顣
˼Щʱȴëĺ֮ǰ̸ëһֿԺԼϵķֻҪԪĬԼͿԸӦ
ë˿̵ˣ쿪ʼˣ


һٶʮ 
ë̵һʶȥɨΧ˿ʶëͷ׵ĵطһԿΧʮȼǵĻ
˼ʱëѾǵһ¶ĽڣĽܼªͬһ©һͣһһ£ƽʯ̺ãҲˮΧľͷΧпܣŹëƤ͸ɲݣȻеĵطûУͳ˰¶״̬һһľͷ̨ӣжʮףΧʯϿˣ˿ѾкܶϯضȴĿʼ
ëѾ֪طļҲǸʮСۼͳһʵĵطеᣬȴʮŻٰһΣһЩƷʺϡеƷͿƬ
Ȼë֪ô󻯣ʱͻȻ뵽ʲôȴëϵ̨ҵԼľ˲ʬ뵽ģȻԼڳ·Լ壬ô϶ҪϣԼ˻ȻѾ޸òʬһЩ·Ҳá
˵ľȴеľ˾Ѫ
ЩѪǾ˵ľ֮ǰ²ЩѪʵľǾӡǣһʼ޷ЩѪȡΪϤʶȴЩţԴȡȻʬһȥȡȡˡ
زʬë£ëȻѯʣҪժëǵУһɱԪֵĴڡ
ë˳ĵʬؿڣʶ۳һεĴ֣Ȼһץ
һԪĴӲʬؿץ˳Ȼƾջ۳һʺĿµѪҺһ߶壬ҿë壬һѪҺ
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һſƬ֣ʶһɨ֪Լɹˡ
ƬһŹŹֵĹͼɫɣֱΪɫɫɫɫɫ⿨Ƭʲô΢һ֪ɫŴĶȺɫɫɫӦôǷŭ֮ʯ֮ͱɽ֮ľӡǣɫҪٺܶ࣬ҲΪʱӡǲȫɫɫɫ͸٣뵽һֿܡ
ĪǶ۾͵ӡϢȻȻǲ²⣬ΪԺܴ󣬵ʱ޴ıը˵ĶըƬѪȻҲһ𣬶Լľ˻Ϊǰ˷һʬʬڱը˶۾;Ѫ⣬Բ˶ԷӡԪ
һһſƬļֵʹˡ
ʣµĲʬʶɨһ飬ûκη֣˵ʬ˵ѾûʲôֵˣղŵһſƬѾǼ˲ʬеľˡ
ëƬغãԷ»ص˿Ѿʼ
ëȻѯʸղŷʲôѾ⣬ǸεĴ˵ʲôԼʲôΥ档
ƧһĵطٰᣬȻҲߣҲǺ͵ʨǵҪǿһѣƷҲͨɫǶ˵ѾܿɹĶ
ϡеġߵȼͻص㣬Щﵽͻ׵ĶʵûʲôֵһЩﵽļͻ׵ƷҲһ㣬Щĳۡ
һЩܿʧȥȤʼϰʶ
ʶ壬Σȴǿȥ磬˲鿴һƬһУʼʶɨˡ
ǧˣʶ£ȴΣЩȫͷߴŶˣҲû·һҰС
ֵԪ״һʶ˲鿴һƬڵκδڣĳӣҲܵһʱ䷢֣Ը⣬׺·Աӵͬ˿һȫ׵׳˿̳Լǰһ
Ȼʮֺ˷ܣʼ䷳ϰֻɨķΧֻγֱΪʮ׵򣬾ͬ̽յһƹյĵطһƬղĵطһƬڰ
ʱһˣһŶˣʶɨȥ͸Ƕ·һ㶡
һ˵Ů壬˽ŮУϼúϧϣѾǷǳõˣǰŮ˱ȴɲ˺ܶ࣬һһֶ಻У
ȻֿƯŮͻᷢ㶵ˣղһ㶣ΪʶŮˡ
Ů˾Ȼɯ
ô
üͷһ壬ʱɯƺʲôϵԪһ󲨶ʶ̱˻һ̣ɯڶһ˫۾ë
û뵽ɯĸ֪ǿΪղſйͷΪɯԷԼֻɯ֪Էĸ֪ԼԤϵҪǿöࡣ
ëһȻ֪Լ˶ˣ˿һĲ鿴ƷбͬʱԼһЩöϡеƷһһЩ½ޣһСơ
ɯë˼ۣȴûκη֣ɻղоһֹŹֵ̽ҾǴªϷģΪʲôһգ۾͸оˡ
벻ͨҲֻʱա
ʱ̨ϵʦѾʼһƷëǴľ˲ʬʦ򵥵Ľһ£㿪ʼļʦԾޣܶණֻ˵ţʬֻͨʬ
ŵʶģǴŶɯǲʬĵһ۾סˣ۾ǲš֮⣬һҲȣԿʬļֵһ׵ĸΰһɼǿһػҲǲһʧĶʲôʬ壬ǹžĲʬ⤣ȱҲûϳͨƷֱһȺͰ
ܴһڸλǻ۵ˣһ˵һ¾͹ȻǹžĲʬҪҪȡȻֱǸֱǡ
룬ҡҡͷǵãһ۹ϳǶ˲࣬ôԼƣһֱͺãҲû˭ùҡ
ǵҲǣ⼯᱾ģһƬʮۼأ˭ĲܱȵùǸһƨͷ˻ȥ
ʱʦѾ˿ʼۣ˾ͱһ۸һǧԪ
ʬĵ׼ۣһǧԪѾǲ͵ˣֻܿ죬۸ͱˢ£ȻǸʬ˴ڣȻе˿ʬĵϸǶɵ˾޴ĲʬԲ˵˴һʡ
ܿ죬۸ͱ̧ߵһԪ۸һЩСѾ޷ѡ˷кܶ˼ۡ


һٶʮ ľ
ļ۸ѾͻƵԪǱߵѾһԪպë֮ǰԼõЭ飬ǿԶ԰֣ǾһԪһʲƸ㹻ǹ㹻ǿͻףʱǾ¾ۼͳһΪһ
ëҲ˷ܣҪ಻٣˿ֵ̱ʮ򶨡
֮ǰԤϣʬÿ򵽽ԪھԪһЩࡣ
ʱ˽۸ֱһ£һ־˳ᡣԭ֮ǰڶĽм˿ҲС˺ܶ࣬ʱֱӺĸ߼ۡ
ֳЩֱӼԪһƬҲǴֱʡ
ɯջĿֿʼϰֻܿɯλã˵ʵû£ҲǷˣڶԷΪʲôһƧĵطҲ²Ҳ£ֻһŪһԪҵԼ䣬ȥ塣
Ȼȥ鿴ɯûзŹЩ۵ҲصɨĶ󣬳ԪһҲܿ챻
м۵һһ壬Ǹ׵İڣΨһŵһȥʮҵԣùŹֵǣҲԪΧм壬ѾԪļʵ
˵ԷʵʶɨЩ˵ͬʱԷ˿ûвȻǲ߱ɯǰĸ֪ܿͨʶЩ˵̸Ҳ֪Ǹݡ
УڵйģľۼضڶԷԷ̸ƺʬǹžУ൱ˣһԪ࣬Ȼ쵼Ϳô֣ܽ˾Ҳʵ
ֻ˵Ҳֻʶһͷѣڶ˵ҪĻһھʶȫͬʱ뷨ӻȥҴԼ塣
ٿϣԪѾ൱޴һˣҲ˿Ǹ˵ݣҲûټмۣϾȨһƬҲ˸ǵ֡
ʱǱߴŶɯȴǽгһ۸
ʮ򣡡
󣬵ȴǿԴݵ˶ԭĻϣֱӷһﾭݵͼž֮ӵľΪ۸ѾˣʮԪһЩۼؼȫĲûôࡣ
üͷһ壬һӣһԵ¾̻⡣
ȥ˲˵ĵϸ
·Ը꣬һ廤뿪˶ݵļž˵û˸˵
˻֣Ǹһֱʲô˼ٽгһ۸񣬲۸Ҫߺܶˡ
ʮԪ
ڶԷ۵ĻϣͬҪ֪طʮԪѾˣҴûйĳּ۸ƷԻ᳡Щûм忪ʼЩ£ͺ٣۾ɴʮԪһǾ壬㹻˶ԪȻһۼأӶһƱֺͱȻưԡ
̼Ļں棬ɯƺ⣬ȴڱصãҲ룬ֱӵʮԪ
һΣִָ̼̱ܲϣҲǱ죬һƵʬ壬Ǿ˵ʬ壬ҲֵǮǳ۵˸òǷˣ
ҲǳĬãȻҡҡͷʮԪȻ𣬶Ϊžʬ˵ҲֵǮһֱԼٳۣԷҲٷ֮ٻѹԼһͷ
ҪҪۣǸѯʵҡͷʵҪҪҵ۵ˣȻ󡭡һ˵һһĨӵĶ
кγûôֻʱͻȻоһɿֲɱ⽵٣˷·׹뵽̹ǵıѵС
ֱӣžֿܡΧԲ֪ʲô飬һȻԼϰΪʲô
Ǹղûио˿һͷ亹Ȼղһɱֻǳɲǣȴ·ӹŹһһԾǣԼߵûκβ
һ˲䣬뵽ʲôɫɷס
ǡղ˵Ǹ´˿ʵ
˿ȴµĿ˿ܣȻȲҪԷܳ۸񣬿϶ͨˣҺ˵κ¶ҪΪ鷳ǾͲֵˣҪ֪ǵȻһƬǺܴ󣬵Ԫǿֵһᡣ
һ룬̵ͷǣⲻ֪ղǵϰǱĳ˾˵Ƿġ
һͻȻֵɱȻģʶԸһƬǵ̸һı֪ԷҪɯͷųһ˿ɱ棬º룬ԼǶһ٣ɯεǿôܻЩˡ
ϵ亹ո£ղɳȥ̽廤ͻˣС˵۵һŮˣûͬ飬Ŷ֪òݣǱҲûκ˽ļ¼֮ǰһƹʹ̽˲ʬϢʱеħһ˴鷳֪ʲôԭǵ֣ͣһǸŮ˱ֳΪ;η̬ȡ
꣬ɫ̱ĺѿħһ֪Ǹʬë鷳ģʵϣЩħһ岻ߣ˾η;£Ѿ˵ǸŮ˲򵥣ǶסҪҲ׼ȥʲô⣬𣿡
ⷬǶԼ˵ģҲǶ˵ģѾɣ˿Լ̸˵ǸŮˣȻˣ˵ⷬҲҪѸϵԼûκζ⡣
˵仰Ÿоϵѹ֪Լ˵Իˣͬʱи𾪣˵֮ǰĲ²ûԷȻԼصһУεӰԼҲǼʶ㷺û˵˭кȻͬʱҲֻǾС
ǸԼĿƸǵӦ֣ȻҲһϢǾһħԸëħ֪ԪСֻ󲿷ֱ˻ܺūۣë˵ԶԸԼڣЩħֻֿԡ
ΪûٳۣʬʮԪļ۸ɽ֪ɯΪʲôִҪԼĲʬͼʦ뵽̨ܿ³ʶȥ鿴֧ʮԪֱӽʬֻڶڸ£ɯµһۡ
Ȼˣ


һٶʮ ߼ǿ߽٣һ
ɯôޣ
оЩ˼飬ΪɯٷʶֻǸһξ۲Ҳֻܿϵˮѡ
ʲô˱ˣԼȻ൱ĺ档˵ɯ⣬ļͺϷԣ֪ʲôʱûȱ覴õŮѾһĥӡֻѳζһҲû뵽ԼɯʲôرĽҲΣޣֺԼʲôϵ
ֻ˲˳ĵ飬ϾŮ˶ǰ޵ġ
εջֲܹȥѯɯ͵͵ĿޣȻ˾ǲ֪Լʲô
ʮԪļ۸˵Ҳ㲻ˣëԷֵʮ򣬵ʱ㹻һͷķһƾͿԽѰԼʧĿ䣬Ȼɻǡ
ëҲõ˿۳һЩѵԪ˰֮ǰԼ԰ˣҲνΪ˰ȫóë֪֮ԼĴڣһ֪Ҳ鷳¡
ȻӶŪĶëУëһͷ½ޣĶ˿ƬëķԸȥͬʱһëˣΪʶ壬ܶҲҪëȥ죬ȻëԪȼ̫ҲУҪԪŹá
ͬһëһȥˣҪ׻ǿūͣʱȥǹڣڰ·ϣëȥһͳһ¾ۼأ﷢ǵ˽أҲһ񫡣
ǰë϶Ȼͬ⣬ΪޣҲûбĸ׷ˡڲͬˣëѾΪˣȻѹ֪ĵϸֻ֪һǿġ޴ڵĴڣǶë˵ΪԼľˣССѾ޷ëҰģˣԪʲôԼǰһлʱԼ˸ĺôҪССµܶࡣ
ëΪȻɫȻɻ󣬵Ҳ֪ëˣ˼ҸƲ£Եǣһȥͳһ£ëɱ֣ǰкҪϴҾԲ
˼㲻ȥҲ
ëڰֵģû˺˵ʵССһûۣǵط˵ֻһʱŵ㡣
ǰȻë֮ⷬԱǣЦڼʶëһž͸ɵԪ۷ĶֻǹһЦǣëдµˣССĶ˩ס㣬Ժ󷢴ˣɱֵһѣ
ëҲ磬ƥһķҲϲ÷ǳ
ֻûã鷳
ǼߵһƫƧ֮صʱǰͻȻܳʮģ׺ĵħǼΧס
ëҴˣ˵ȻǵħһıܣҲΪ㣬ʬõԪȻԼնһ֧צӣ¾ôˣôͷĵħһɷһĺץŵһɺ⡣
ͻȻֵһĻȻëǶסˣЩħһʮһ׺ޱȣԪĳһ룬ǸħͷǴﵽԪļʵȻǽǶסˡ
ëҲһϵЩħϸ˵ЩħūźܶˣоͰëھ˹Ƶħغëǳ˳û뵽һֵħȻҵʵ˵ЩħȻԵëģֻΪǡ˵ëɵĴţëĵϸôһ
˵ЩħֻרŹٵģֻôһɣëܣҲǴ˼óʲôԵħݺҽڡ
һʼĻҹҲع뵽ľۼأλһ˵׼ظ£û˸ĻһǶ֪
뵽ëǿԼɵǿսҲ
һǸëжӵ࣬˿̴ԼϴӣǰһǷʲôƨأҲʲôطȻҺϰô˵
Ҳ뵽ëǿ˵ЩħôʱҲ٣һëϴܣͷӸ˶
ڵħ˴ЦħͷЦᶼˣȴŤͷԼµͼΪԼһ֮ǰ˵һԣ˵ëһһһԪ۷ǿߣ𣿡
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ƨǺ
һԪԪļһֻ־
һЦë¸оܵ˼裬ȴһŭǳҲû˵ǵԼϴëúýѵһЩ֪ߵغĵħ
о˵ĿעԼϣëȴп֪ܸɵԼ޹ϵȫǡˡë֪ʱ򣬳ԸûӦ顣
ЩëҪĬ˰ܿһģǲҶ֣
˵ģȻô˵ëҲˣվ
һ̣Щħƣʱ˷˺ܶսʿЩսʿԶѵأͳһħëȫΧȻ١
ħҲˣΪЩսʿкüǴﵽԪļĸ֡
ǸˣһħС˵ħͷҲǲǱߵڶսʿ߳һˣë͵ħһʲôԹ֮ﶯ֣򽫻ᱻΪҾۼĵˡ
оۼص˲֣ħʲôҲˣֻܴʱߣʱͻȻȻը죬ƾճһŻͬһۼһƬ𺣣ཨһ١
ͬĩһߵľ˶ĿɿڴȻҲͻȻĹһһ۾ϳ֮˵ķǻ꣬ԴΧɱ˵ˣ̷ֳһʶʮף̿ԶɽվһӰӰͨƣϵϢȴֺҾ֮һģһ
֮˵ĻӦ˱۾˾໯ҹԼ֮˴˿ҲõĻǰȻǻûо˵ӴԪȼȴһ㶼ͬԪ߼
ֻ֮ĻôҶ﷢
ûʱ俼ǣջʶȻëܻвëҲǻ飬̶㵽һ̵Ľڡ


һٶʮ ߼ǿ߽٣
ڵʶȻǿ󣬵Ǳ׶ҲܴҪһ壬޷ʶ弤ƬҪԸһЩʵǿĶֻѹ㹻ˣǶԪԪ߼ĸ֣ǾЩˡ
ȻҲȫûа취ĴʶҲƣε̬߾󲿷ֹϲҿսԼȡֽ
УֻһֻõһЩʶֻԪȼ壬ĸûõġǶ˵ֻҪϿµμսͿԣ飬ôͻһ˵ĺСҲʲôΣա
˿Ļʯض𶯣ȫǺ¡ҽУëڶĵطһĵײþľʹʯ鹹ɵģʮּ̣ʯͷҵҲ
ëߣҲһֵĶȻǼҪԸëĵħм£˸ղڻҵҲ֪ʲôطˣǿԿ϶ǣ˱ˡ
ֲֿĹ£Ԫļĵħͷ컹ӳ˿Ҳǲҳȥ̹һУǸʱ֮˱ͷųģ˵۹Ѩֻһ£ǧ˵һǴģɱԷ
ôһ£ۼؾǻˡ
Ȼۼڸǿĵط˸ǣУֻҪһͿԻ
Ԫ磬ǿΪ
еҪõһʺԼ壬ʵͬһ˫ʵЬǶһ޶ġ
£ǵ֮˵ĻΪʲôһ˻ԵĹ
˲뵽һֿܡ
ʮǰԱɱ˶۾ھһ˵Ҳ飬ǲܲһ̽ٻѰҶ۾ӡǣΪ֮ǰ˽飬ֻҪ˵ӡǲƺ˱۾˾Ϳʹ临
ôҾĻǲΪѰӡǣ
ΪʲôôҪ֪ʮǰ飬벻ͨһ㣬Ҳٶ룬˿ĻѾµ鷳Ҳˡ
ھһսʿݻٵľۼأ˺ѯ֪֪ʬʲôطͲشˣᱻֱӻɱ
ëǶܵĵطҲ˼ףֳսʿ
˲ʬʲôط
Щսʿһ仰һ䣬û˻شȴһֱɱ
һҪȻʱۼӳ˿̴һγӭսȥһļȻһӭУǼħҲ΢һһϵƣͬƴֿ
ëô죿˿ߵĵ֣ղŻֻܽˣĶʧɢ˹Ҳ׶༪٣ڹȻǸë
ɱȥë˵꣬γǷСȻǴͷ˳ȥȻ˿̵ëѾ壬ëԼһٸҲҡΪʲôϲë壬ΪһǱʶûһ˿ֿʺƣҪͷʶԼͻ鷳
Ǿ仰˵ë׿ơ
˵ܶ࣬ǶһΧԽԽĵӿ˹СĻҪͻΧѶȿ֪ҪЩвٶԪļһʱսһһħֱӱ˿ɱ
˾ʱ򣬵ħͷӳȴǿһСӰȥС⣬Ȼǽ߰նɱЩ˵УﵽԪļǿƶСĵ£ȴǲ
ȵǿ˭ô͵ʱ򣬶Ǵһ
Ȼë
˿ë죬ÿһλӶСе˱ɱգ֮˵İΧȻǱëӲ˺һӣëֱӳ˳ȥǱż̸ֵϡӳҲɵ֪ΨһͬȥڵħͷǾЩԥˣһʼǿë鷳ģû뵽߾Ȼ룬Ҳ˲úܶˣȥֻ·һǿΪëȻȻ鷳ǲ鷳Ҫͽֺë޷뿪
ΧȦ棬ΧѾһƬǽ壬ȼյĻ棬⣬ӰܶҽսڶȻ֪˲ʬ飬Ըȡֻǵķʽܼ򵥴ֱǾֱӽʵ϶ھһ˵ۼؿ˵΢Ȼ򵥴ֱķʽҲá
ܿ죬ЩƺǴ̽ϢѾѯʣֱӶɱˡֻëٵ˶ûãʱ䳤ˣЩҲʼëϾھ˵ЩūײУ޷ӦǿҲẦ¡
˵ЩˣǸëӳ͵ħͷ죬һ·ĿɿڴëֳǿԶԶǵ
ӳãǵħͷ⼸ħг֮⣬һ˿£Ǻ֮ǰûкëΪһ֣һǣһ·߰˸ԪļֵΧëͬвһ㽫ԷɱκηƬٻκūֻͣС
ڵħͷѾë鷳ڵĵǣë᲻ºǵ鷳Ǹô죿
϶ǲҴǾֻģǾֻѡ񳼷ˣǰħͷǾԲ᳼һë󣬵ëȣԷԪļֶǿв˰ɸɵǿӦֻкôûл¾˼ҲӦ
ⲻ֪ë˿̱ǻǰԪļǰǾͬ޵һĴڣǴ˿̣ԼСԪļ֣ѾʮˡȻë˭Լ֮ԻΪ˵Եʣж˸Ǿη
˿Ѿɱ˾ۼأ˵İΧȦӲǱƵëͻһȱڣȻҲһ˳ʱͷȥŷֳӳ͵ħ⣬ȻһˣЩȻëͣŸ㳵˿ӳ˰ΧȦһǴ죬һٺı顣
ֻ˿̸оʲôͷѾرΧľۼأղоһ󿨲мǿԪһϤɯԪ
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ԥ̿ëɱ˻ȥһΪ˷㣬ëһһ׳Ŀ
ëôֻȥˣոɱΧжԶ߶Զëطסˡ
ߣһȥ죡ëһɱ˻ȥ


һʮ 
ɫһ㶣ȴԥƬ̣һһ䡰֮ȻһѼ⵶Ҳ˻ȥ֮һ֣ΪҲΪʵǿΪ
ëһ·ϴɱǾ˿ëҪɱȥӿһɼȻҲǸȥδܵõΧкܶ˴ëǰȫ
뵽飬벻Щһӳľۼ˿Ҳǻ࿴һۣȻëɱ˻ȥ֮ǰյͻȻɾعŷûӳҲ˻ȥ֪ͬԿ϶Ҳо˵Ĵ㲻࣬Ҳ鷳Ǹǿɱȥ
ȻҲ˲ȥΪ˻ɢӡ
ô죿һħսʿʵ»ȥߣһѵľ񣬲Ȼʵ̫ʱ˼
ȥëǼһл·ħͷ˿ҲǿѡǴЩħսʿɱ˻ȥ
·һȺȻҴߵע⣬ǶͳʱһԽԽ࣬Ȼ󲿷˲ΪʲôܣܣֻǱĸţȻһ𷴻Χɱĵˡ
ۼز󣬺ܿǰëҲԶһֱ׵Բη󣬿ǺصıͬڣΧǧΧֻȻ޷Ʒľڡ
һ۾Ϳ⿨ǳɯ֣֮ļͨǿ߸ܹƣȻһֻͨǿߡ
һʼͳֵҾ֮ĻȻ˰۾ˣ˿̺ԱһзӪоԪ߼ĸˡ֮⣬ﻹͨˣΧ
ǷҲвˣֻзΧЩȻû뵽˸Ҵһ㶼ûռëȻ޷ʹǿķƬʶϾǴﵽԪ߼ĳ̶ȣڴ֮ǰѾܶϵʹǿʶѹˣҿԽһΧ֮ڣҲ˵Χ֮ˣǲ˿
˿׼ᣬȻһѹǰһƬ̱һѹ壬յëһ·ɱȻǴһ˳嵽˷ǰ
ʱǰĿ󾧱һŤͬˮһ·֪ǿ߹ųڣԿëԥһ̤룬ŵҲǼæ˽
ȵ˶󣬿Żָԭӡ
ڣ˿ٶˣ˿̴֣ëܽЩ˽һϲɫǰһȺ˹ȥȺһڷԸʲô
ڲԶŶɯܽһȺˣȻĿܿëϡ
ղŴ򿪿ڵȻֻ֣Ǵɱģֻһ۾ͿԿʵΣգô࣬ΪʲôҪ
⣬ǰӳûһܴóҪ˵ֻ˵ǸëϡͿܽġ
ֻɯȻȥ⣬Ҳֻǽë˵˾֮ӵѵģ֮ͬǰһˣɯſǽѡ
Ϊ߸ϵĻƽһ壬ɯҪЩ࣬ȱ˸ĺͬģĸֹһεĸǾǳ˻ƽһ֮ˣֻǵͼ֣Щͼ֣Ҫͬġ
ֻɯأһԳһ֮ǵһ󣬾һЩˣԽԽҴ뵽õĿ֮ɯҲ޷뿪ˡ
Ϊ֪ԼֻҪһߣûԼ֧ſ˱ɣѾԪ߼ĸֶ˿߶߲ˡ
Ϊƽһ壬ɯ£ȻóսȴһļʦļʦڵڶԪҲǷëǣڣ˵޷սʤԪ߼ĹžǶԷҪõĿҲܡ
һëڵɯҲ˿
ҿľԽԽˣ˿̣ڲ֪˭һ䣬⿴ȥȻԿԽԽľ˴֣Щɶľˣ͵ҲﵽʮףеԴﵽʮףʮףЩ˵һʼʮӵ٣ѾǽΧסľˣѾʼȭͷ;޴
ǳ̣Ȼ洫޴죬ƺûгһ˿ƣҲڷѵһ˿ȫС
Ǻܿ죬ߴﵽʮ׻ľ˳ֺתֵľ˿һ׵ƳƳȫǽ죬а֣ǰһͷһɾ޴ƻ˵ƳɵĹԵֵԪ߼ֵĹˡ
أ
Ǿ޴ƳЯǿĶײڷľϣ˵඼һ£ٿǷľϣȻһ˿ơ
ǲͨƳ׶һǼӳĳַ򲻿ܶҵĿƻɯ˿Ҳɫһ䣬˦ֶʮ󿨷沼һ󣬿ڵһη־˺ʮͨˣֲ̱εնɱʬѳһһ飬ɢһء
һĻڵǷһѾˣ֮ûйΪжŮڣ˵֮ǰѾ˵ҪԷ򵽵ĲʬǶŮԾ˲Ż᲻ΧǾ˻ǶŮ˶ǲ˵ŮǾǣԼˣԿŮɱ˶Էһ־ˣȻҪ
Ǻܿ죬˷ֳʮ־ͷ־ˣͬһ飬Źǵ׶һ󷢶档
ˣǰ۾˺֮ҲһǸ۾ˣǴͻȻһֺϰ۵ͫͬһʱ䶢˿ڵɯֲֿĿƺĳ׼ÿɯһ·ܵһεḺֱ́ء
һķǳͻȻ˻ûӦĽѾ׷˿󾧱ϣԭ᲻ɴݵľھȻǷľ죬ѺۣȻû飬žԵסһν
鷳ǣɯز𣬲޲һʱƾȻǼΣ
ղŰ۾˷ĳֹʱѾǲˣԾ۾˾Ȼõǰ϶оΪĸо۾һֻ۾ųʶγһͬƴһɯϡ


һʮһ ɯ
κ˺ֱ˼άʶֹڴ˵޷ģǷҲ޷ʶĹ
ɯ˲УԸоɯʶͬһ飬ڵûκˣʶȴܵش
нȴǿë̷ɱȥղŰ۾˵Ĺǳ죬ҲûзӦɯѾСͷһ֮󣬰۾һֻ۾ȻȫպϣȥʮֲֿƺǺķ˾޴һ㡣Ȼֹڰ۾˵ҲʩչʩչģһͶԷսʱ۾˾ûʩչ
Էжǿ֪ȻӴ˿̰۾ӾͿԿߡɯںΣֻ֪ȿëȥ˵
ʱѾ˵ӣ󾧱ڴ˿Ѿ֧飬һ½Ȼ飬⿨ĶŮƺܵĳֹ˿̵ڵϲ֪һǻʲộ
һ飬Ǳɣһ˭֪˵·ǳбûһӵù
ô죿Ǳһʵһأɫһ˿ֻƴһսˣû뵽㵽ƫƧҲûܶսĲҲҪúңλǲһ𣬸ʹҲҪ汳ģ
Ҳһӣǲ˿̶£˹ȥǣǴ˿̿ëٷɱܵڵϲ֪ĶŮߣȻְǸŮͷϡ
ëʲôһ㶣Ȼë˿̵ĶЩ⣬ëЩ֣˿̷һ˿ڴ˵ëʲô׵飬µľŤתϾһ飬ײеľ˾ͿԽȫɱ
ëƣʶɯڣķûܵһ˿һ谭
һ˵ܳ飬Ҫ֪£ʶ뵽ٶܵһЩ谭ëҲǿʶѹ²κηżľӵëڣˣʱҲҪѹëʶҪë壬ҪѸ
ڣɯĸоǽһŵĿշ䣬ûκ谭ȻԸоɯѾʶʶѾ޷ٶʶκ谭
ðһõĸоû˱ʶôǱһʬ⣿
Ǻʲô
뵽ɯʶأ֣ЩԭɯѾʶ˿̾Ȼһһɢ
ãһǽԼʶһƬůĺ󣬽ɯԭʶƬȫУԼʶɯʶԷֹԷʶʧһҲܱסɯһ
ʱϤѾԼʶ˺ܴʶ˵Լʶ弫Ϊǿ󣬶ڶ࣬ͬ˿ԽԼʶֻһһС󲿷ʶëɯڣֻ¼ٵһʶëڡ
ĺôǣǽɯʶʶëڵʶҲʧǽԼһΪ
ôҲǣ˾ȻԷǿʶǰ۾ǿڴ֮ǰûб¶
ôɱɯʶ²ֻҪɱô򵥣˵ı
ûʱ俼ǣΪ˿̵һֹѾɱѾ֧ƵĿ󾧱ϣһֱ̣飬ʧ
ë׿ʼԿɯ壬ʱһʶȻҲǴ˽ԼɯĿȨ
һֻʶ壬ʶҪǿ˿ʶռУһ޴ΣɢǿѹǸͼʶĵ档
ҲˣǸ͵͵ʶ壬ȻźͰ۾һԪ
׾˵Ĵˡ
ԷȻԤıԭΪЩһΪջض۾֮ӡǣȻʱЩԣҪջӡǣҲڴըʮҲ˵һǳɯġ
ɯΪʲôͲ֪ˣ֮˻Ϥɯ٣Ȼֱ׷Ҫľð۾˵ʶɯʶȻ壬Ӷ׿ɯ
˵˵ļƻɹôȻɯͻΪһӣһԳ׵߸ƽһӣɯڻƽһ֪һļʦĵλԲͣʱ˷ԻƽһĽȻɯӦɯʦݣҪһƻǾǿģʱƽһ˵Ļᱻ˻ܡ
ļıûĻƻĵһӦѾǳɹˡ
Ͼ˭֪۾Ȼսȴӵг֮һֲ
ӵ쳣ǿʶ壬ʶȫȫһʧȥʶ壬Ȼ󳹳׵ױǸˣֿƾģԪ˼Ҳܷ
һ˲䣬뵽ЩȻЩһ룬ںͰ۾ʶײʱ˲Ϥ˶Էһּ䡣
ҲһȻԷǿּȡҲ޵ģԻȡ˸鱨
˿̱赲İ۾ʶ廯һɹɿֲĺڳ·һǰǾֵò˵۾˵ʶǿҪսʶ徭ըĳֱ仯ڵͱԷɢˡ
ʶսԲͬսյĹʽԲԷֻܱ࣬ء
ܿ죬һЩɣȴ̧һӣʱʶһƬ𺣣ӿȥǰ۾˵ʶȫû뵽Ȼǿһ±˸ţһֲĲҽС
ҽйǰ۾˵ʶǺˣû׷ϾҪɯʶ壬ղһ¹ӦҲǶ԰۾ǿ˺ԷʶĸͷСһ롣
һʶռֻǷգ֮䣬˿̸ոһƬңΪ飬˴ǳ˽ֲܵɱ¾Ƭ֮һ룬ʣµҲǾۼһʮֳִܵĻеħսʿǿǿֻȻֲ˶ãʮھͻᱻ¾һա
˿Ѿû⵹صĶŮȻҲ⣬ħͷ컹ǸڹעΪղëͻȻܹȥְ׵ľٶʵ̫죬͵ħͷΪëԵʣȫһָоƺܿͻʲô鷢
ʱԶǸ˿־İ۾ˣ˿̾ȻǻһѪҺޱȵĽ


һʮ ɱ
Ȼ֪ʲôǾ˴ڰ۾˷ҽеͬʱͬһ㿪ʼ
˿̣һֱزɯȴվ
һūͣӶż̵ֱȥشǧȴӲͣ˾ɯ׵ĵط۶Է޷ƶֺһ̣ɯΧʮ׷ΧͻȻγһУǸūͬһ˸ɸɾ廯ɻأ׺ڻˮɢһء
ͼɯһƣһɻм˲˰׷Χڰ׷ΧڵһУͬĽ֣Χǡǵܼһսʿڷ
˿̻ڼеɯժͷϵĶ񣬽Լ쵽ǰϸ˿૵ƽһ壬Ȼӵ壬ҪԪ߼Ҳûκ⣬̫ǿˣ
⻰ɯ˵ģʵɯʶѾ飬˿ɯ壬ɯʶʶ޸ֻǲ֪ʲôʱ޸ϡ
ղΣɯ壬һļп
һͿ󣬶ļȻ൱ǿԪ۷ǿҲֱɱǴɯʶһЩƬҵĲ÷ɯ㹻󿨣ҲʦԽɯ壬˳
ȻɯóսļʦݺֶΣҲԲױܣ֮ǰ۾˵ʶȴһ»ɯϣ壬֣ڵ¾ɯ۾˿ƣΪˡ
ռɯ壬ȫӳɯ˵ʵëɯֱ̫ԶëҿԺ͵ɱ˵ɯˡ
ɯͬŮò޵еƣ˶ˣûӣƽһŮԶǾԵŮԣɱҲ
𺳲ͬë˿ȴǶԶɯǾηһ̣ȴǳɯֱӹȻëѾ˿ǸŮڵľǸǿĴڣҲˡ
£˵ľηأֻĪԼҪȻôǸŮϡ
ֻ˵ˣ
ëܻ֣̿ԪҾѶ˵ʲôطȫǿĴڣëѾЧң˲ҪͻᱻԭΣǸ˿۸ë
ʱһëԺ𣺡˶㵽
һ̣ɯ̧ڲԶ²һļ
ˣëм֣ȻûȻԼֻһ΢СɫûԼë˷ޱȡǸ
ʱǵħͷ컹ǣҲëģǲϹӣȻë򵥣֮ǰԴɱ֮ǲ֪ʹȥĶŮʲô߲˹˵ǶŮʲôϵܵġ
ԼëҲǹмӣȫëİš
ʣµʮ˸ë㵽ļǱѾǲϲ֪ɱ˵ˣɯóսóеʱԷõʱֱӿɯսƽһǿȼΪֲ˫ʲôãԵʹãǺصף޷ֵɯһ˫ư޺֣һͣһѪ
ۼսͼɣԿԳƵǴʦǴӵײһһɱģûǿƬʵʱ򣬾ǿⲫɱһƬء
ȻҲɯһֱͽսȥɯĿûʲôֱӴӵǹᣬһѳһľ޴սڻƽһҲë֮£˲֫ϱۣѪɣпˣ̻һսɱˣһѾݳɱ
ҾУɯͬһĨɫٻӰٴڸѪ֮䣬ÿһιܴһƬ
ûиоƽһ徹Ȼǿָо˶սУȵعΧٵˣǾ˻ͨսʿɱˡ
ǿʶٿ£ɯսʮ㡣
ֲãԪὫƽһ֮Ϊ壬ǵ壬Զ壬ɯֻһŮԣԣǸ̧ͷһһ޴Ҿȭͳ
֮ˣһľݳȻһɹâһаɳľ޴âն
彣ն죡˿̾Ȼǽɯ壬ʩչ彣Ϊ͵һ
޴ĽâȾˣ·ĽһΪҾȭҲ̱â߽⣬롣
ֻʩչһ̸֮оһԼʶ壬ɯҲһ
ãˣ鷳Լʶ廹ûȫԼգɯǸձƣҲǾսԴ˿̾ȻЩѡ
ⲻ֪ղĽʩչ󣬵ҲˣҪ֪ղǾ޴ޱȵҾȭҾ˻ʩչǿķû뵽Ȼâն飬ҾЩˣıܵƽһ峤ǺӵĹˣ˳˯ֻܽ˻Ҳֻһһ٣ҾʵҶʱڸٳ֣ĳ˯
ټսˣ˿˵˰۾ߣ˳˵
Ҳ᳷ˣҪ֪ɹֻһˣֻҪǿƽһŮ˵壬ôͿԴڲ߽ƽһ壬ʱԪûκ˿赲Ǿһûκ赲Ҫٳһ¡ղһǸŮ˵壬һսԷʶȻƣ˿һνкܴտռǸŮ˵塣۾˴˿Ҳ˲ᣬһֻ۾ѪҺδɣǿЩ۾
һ̣۾ϵ۾Ȼǳ˴йŹַĵͫͫ͸һ˿֮ɫһֲֿ֮СЩͫһͬʱ۽Զɯ
۾˵ʶһɯ壬һΰ۾˵ʶһɺɫĹ׳ʶ
˲ʱ䣬͸оȫ˶ԷʶԼͬһµϣЩֲʶڲӣͬҩʴʶ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻôһУһʱ侹ȻЩԵֵʶƣ߽⣬һֻ㱵С
ʱ򣬴ʶͻȻðһƣһӴץ۾˵ʶԷôһץȻֱ顣
ôܣһŵĲҽУ۾˵ʶȻͬһ顢߽⡢ɢһλûǰ۾˵ʶҲһɢ


һʮ ɯļ
Զİ۾һûзҽУµͬһʱ̱ѣӴޱȵ鴤һ£ֱԵڵط졣
ҾĻǾޱȣһǴľޣʮþȵ飬Ȼǳô״۾ҲˣĪǸƽһŮ˲ֻһǿļ󿨴ʦһȰ۾˾Ҫǿʿ
һսԾҪıˣҾ֮Ű۾˵ʬ峷ˣԼҲߣٱɵԪȻ볤õĳ˯пһ˯
ִ۲Ҿ˿Գܵġ
߾һˣǱҲûս֮˲ˣ治֪ô졣ղŰ۾˵һʵ̫ˣڿ񱩵һʱҲ޷ֳֵһɿϮ˺˰۾ˣҲˡ
ôղžʲô飿
Щɢ¾ۺϣǸ˺۾Ĵڣһ޴ĻӰصͷϾ޴Ķۣϸһ˳
ⲻǶ۾֮ôᡣһʶľҪ֣Ͼ֮ǰ;һս۾֮ľĿԷʵȫԺԪ˼ֿ⣬Աɱһ
Ϊʲôֳˡ
Ƭ֮Ӧ˹ʶռ䣬ֻܽ룬Ҳ˵Ƕ۾֮Ҳ塣ԷıȻǿ󣬵Ϊ۾˵Ҳô
˿̶۾֮ʹվһ۲˰죬ǵóһۡ
۾֮壬Ѿûʶһ鿴֣ԼȻԿһ壬һ仰˵ԷʵԼһ֡
ô
뵽˾ıըĪΪǱըΪʲôԼʶռǶ۾֮
жȻʲôؼ֪ڵĶ۾֮ͬػıʶġܵΣյʱֹˣղŰ۾˵Ǳ۾֮˺ġ
Ϥ˿һ̧֣Ƕ֮ͻһ⣬¹ڡ鿴һɯʶǸӣ֪ʲôʱ¾ۺһ𣬲ӣʱǲˡ
˿̣Ѿȡ˺ܶɯļ䣬˽⾹ȻǱκ˶࣬һΪж
ǾɯԭԭѾ֪Լμ˶Զ۾˵ΧɱǺıըȴһС
ΪѰԼɯŻƽһΪݣŴ˶ȥľ֣Ҳ̽ըֳûκη֣֮˷־˲ʬϢȻһ·μᡣ
Ǹʬ֮µһĨˮҲΪѾȷʬԵʡ
ԭȻΪһõĻƽ֮Ѫ
ʵϵõƽ֮ѪһֹŹֵϵҲ֪ΪһĪ׽ͺøС
ƽһӲɯҲһһΪˣңָоޱȵĴӼֳ֪˿ȻҲǸͬܣɯԼʬʱ顣
Щɯǰļ䣬ûʲô֣ȻеļҲǷֵȼģʶΪһЩôͺѱȡڼ̵֣ڣֹԼļ䣬ȻǱɯе߼ļ䡣
֪ԼȻҪ
ʱЩ䣬ֳַ˺ܶػɯʶ˳ʶռ䣬۾
ȻҲɯ۾Ѿȫӹɯ壬Ҳ
ָ֮ǰһ㱣壡˵
վֱ壬־˴ѾߣֻһƬǽ壬ԭӵ˵ľۼأǴ˿̣ѾǱһƬ棬ʬ͵Ľ
Զǲ𺳹ĴּͣսǱ˵ǰû̫ǿˣûǸŮһŮ˱ǣǿ˵ɡ
ȷӦë˿̳˷󣬿ܵɯҲǰֱӹ򵹡
ˣ
ϵĺһĳݣ˿̾ë飬ڿȷǣǰŮˣԼˣǸصĴڣ㲻ǣҲռŮ˵壬Ȼ˵һǺġ
ë˵ͷëԼΪʶһĵطڣһ˿ΪԶȡ䣬֪ëĳûһ˿һ⣬ȻԪȼܵͣ
ë˵ͷ߲ųϻ̳Ͽֵվηվһߡ
ղһĻҲˣǰëΪʲôͻȻô˿̲֪ëȻô͵Ŀɽ˵ɽë
뵽֮ǰëôţƺǿɣҲ˳µҵˡ˿̣żҲǸϹëһɯݡ
ëˣԺҲǼ˵ˣֻҪһ仰ɽ𺣣üͷᶨ˵
֪˼Ҳû˵ʲôͬͷ
棬ħͷҲ˹ħͷ첻ҹݣ˲֪Ů˵ݣȴ֪֮ǰھƹʹ²³ѾԿ϶Ůǻƽһ壬뵽壬ħ͸оȶӳȻҲðһϣܰŮ£õıӻҲԿȥ
һۣһ˿־壬Ȼϳ֮ǰ᳡ѹвǸǿߡ
Ƕ˸лϾڣԻȥ
ҲǺܸȤԷһ࣬ʵǿȴ£ô֮Ϊ˾ȻԸðջ˵ڹԦкǿ󣬶ܽޱȵľۼؾӪ֮ǰֹģͬ˵
ҪˣãԼӵеʮۼҲȱ˲š
ѾˣڶԷͬͬûʣٶԷӦ֪ôѡ񣬸˵ľۼѾΪһؽ
ʱͻȻӦŤͷԶ˿̿ԿԶٸͬɫǻգգۼ͵˽ǰһĻ֮˶ʶĺ˼ֻɫ˲Ȼ٣ƽ£ӽ߳ˡ
ʣͬǻƽһĳԱȻһڰٹֺԼͻİ²һǵ㱻Լ̬ɵĺա


һʮ 
ɯˣôֺİ²ͺտɯǼæܹа²һֺõʵ
仰һأûкøУ뵽Լռɯ壬Ҳûʲô
֪֮̽Ͱ۾춯һ·ɯƺãһߵĺռæ͵
һΣûдǣɯ巵ǣҴԼ塣
ʱ򣬰²ˣ峤˵㣬ؽȥ峤ƺҪ·Ը֪ģҲû취ԡ
ʱüͷһ壬һӦҪܾ뵽ɯݺʹ뵽һԼҲҪ飬ӲĽܾĻ˻ȥȴǵ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ǰ²״ϲȴûһ˿һǰɯǼٵģҲһǰɯģ˿ֳ̬ҲǷǳɯԸ񣬱Ͼǵģ£ռݣͬɯļ·ʽ̬ҲһѧᣬԸҪĻ¶š
ɯˣô²ɯ׷ߣ˿ûһΪɯ·ڻƽһǳģԿëǣ֪Щͼ˿϶ܵɯıӻŻϾǰɯҲû
룬Ȼһ뿨󣬽²ͺո⣬һΡ
ɯ˻ǰһĵֻЩͼָɯ˵ĺô²Щ޵˵һԵĺҲǵ˵ͷȻǰɯҲǾͬ飬һЩ޹ؽҪˣȻһЩҪİһҲһ
ʵȴĽȻ෴
ɯһЩëȻ˿һſƬһʧ٣²ͺռ״ҲûʱëˣͬſƬ뿪ֳֻʣëˡ
ëղŮϴ˵ʲôһֻǿɯһЩëһ仰û˵뿪Щ⡣
Ȼ֪ҪΪһ˿ʶëʱƺָëĶ飬Ȼ뷨ϵǣӶϵͶ
Լɯļ伤˻ƽһеĻسǿƬػƽһĴӪ֮ǡ
֮ǽԪΪʵľʯɽ󣬳ƣͬΪʯɽӲޱȣų֮ɽԻƽһĴӪͽɽ֮Ϊ֮ǡ
ƽһľݵкܶ࣬ʥ֮ȴǻƽһΪҪĴӪֵط˻ƽһ֮⣬˲ܽ롣
˿֮һƽ̨ϣۣͦεĻƽһܣһǿ
ˣŮòеĳ֮ӢŮòٻĸκһŵ棬䶯
ǻƽһ壬ƺӵһõ֮ĳ
棬һ׼ʲôû㣬ǰα㶼ˣֻԪǿɲںٶҲȡ˿̣ƽһŮһģȴһŹֵŮ˵ĸͷߣģһֶصУһڣһ߳ףһͷ𷢵˱̰ĶŮǽСĿ˼ۣŵνһʱһʱǰӮˣǲǿһֱӮȥһҵĶ޿ǺģΪ֧ĶעҲǶһ޶ġ
˵ָһƾճһſƬƯڿУתɢһǿԪ
ˮȻֻ弶ϣΪϡ٣ǺѻãҪˮ֮ޱȣõȻ㣬겻л־ãһҾעĻƽһʮֵ˵
򵱼¶һ˵ˮõղƷƽһŮԶҪõ
ΪǿޱȣûܺƽһĵλԻƽһǳУռһЩϡƷͿƬͳǵһ֡á
ϡеƷռĿ꣬еʱǻﻻеʱỨѴԪ򣬶ʱǲáޡķעԼϡпƬɶעӮˣôǾͿӮ߶ԷĶע
˿ƽһĳԱڡޡ
νޣʵϾͬūͽս˭ūӮˣ˭ӮңֱӣҲܴ̼Ӷ޳ֿʼͳ˻ƽһ˵ΪеһĿ
ãҺģȻˮǸռŮϲռֶ˵ǸǺܺõץס
Ҳ룬ˮҲҪ˿̣һƽһŮԿˣͽСͬƽһŮľҪ𱬺ܶˣһͷİ͹£κ￴ĸо
򰲽㣬ˣÿζһӣֻǸ𱬵Ů¶һЦָԼ°ͣһεĶעǸ߽װҹ˾ذףһѷǳϡ٣ǿȻֻϡг̶ȣѾﵽΨһҲ˵Ԫ磬ǾֻôһѸ߽װҹ˾ذˣ⣡
Ǹʱ۾һȻϲռİá
һ˸˴˿̰ĶĻ𱬵򰲣ԷμӣҲ̵ҲμӣҵĶעǵؾע⣬ɲͨĵؾһƷʦԴΪƷע
˶ѾעԹĿһһЦĶ˵򰲣Ȼҿ϶ҲҪμӵģҵĶעǼˮ飬һǿͬǼΪϡٵԪôһζ޵ļɣ
˶ǵ˵ͷаһαȵһΣͱļɣסļļ۷壬Ԫȼһ£Ҳϡϳʧȥ˹ƽ˵أ
û˵ͷǰֿһۣû˷Ժ󣬱ȡһſƬ
ҪսūͣļرƬһףżǵ֣ﲻо޴ǯӣβĵ̣͸һɹΣյϢ
ǱҲȡһūͿƬһâһģЩɰ֯ﲼ׵ĺˣԷһβͣץһ׹һóٶȵ֡
ļ֣ĿԼūְͣԸһūͶģ
ļܣ򰲴˿ҲٻūͣһɢϢܹ֣ܹһ˫۾Ǻһ־ɢ˾˵ơ


һʮ ޸ǳ
ʣһˣãһɳļޣͺǰһĸūͽлս˭ūܻ˭Ӯңڴ֮ǰǲݣǸ˸˴˿ٻһͷð𣬺ţСһ޺˵
λϣ׼ųĸūͽļԶǿ߳һĴڣһЩУǶսޱȣڻƽһУļҲǴʱǲĹ߶ѡ
ʱһ֣˵һ㶣ǽڲԶ֮漴ֳһٻӰ
ȻǱռɯɯļ䣬سǿֱӷصƽһĴӪ
ֻͼȣۿƽһ֮ǺѣԼǺƽһ֮ǱǼֱСùݺͳǴƵĲࡣ
ȣ۾Ǿ޴ޱȣִΡ׳Գһƣ֮⣬ҲǾϸѡӲľʯƽ֮ǵĻ
ƽһӪʱǱڶ޵ĸҲ˱ռݵɯ˷ܵĴУȻ˹
ɯ㣬ɻˣ
˷ܵĽСŮԾ˵˵ɯĻ
˲ʱһֹŹֵĸоŮȥʮֽСȴ൱ϣֵڻƽһǵĳ¸޷谭ִС
ûƿ˷ܵŮΪɯļѾ֪Ů˭ԸŹֵʵһֵԸƽʱɯҲǶް취
ȻǰɯĽɫȻҪɯԸ¡
ͷҲǰɯ顣
ɯһԵľ뿪ǻΪ㷢ʲôˣ£ҲԸңҺ϶㣡ǱߣҲ߹ɯ˵֪Ů˺ɯĹϵãĻ˵Ǿǡۡ޻̸͡
ģû£˵һ䣬ֿںˡ
Ͱ²һڿɯʱͬһͺͰĽҲѹ֣ڻƽһɯǹϵĵһŮڽĻƽһŮ˵ܵõȻ˵ɯò
Ȼֻ֪ɯһͨˣֻмٵ֪ɯݣҲΪʲôڻƽһ嵱УɯλȻԭһΪļ󿨴ʦݣȴǺѲϵ
Ϊɯǻƽһ峤ǺӵŮ
Ȼ֪֮һɯֵʮֹĶţΪ˭֪ܽɯ׷֣ôһ峤˵ĪҲ˼ֻɯڶ׷߶ؾûһ˳ɹ˹顣
Ȼʧ񰢲ҲдһϣֻҪɯûôǾͻлᡣ
ˣɯ㣬ȻˣպǴһޣҪҲμӰɣ˿˫۱ɯֱۣϵĦӸ첲ϴһþ˵ĵԺͳߴЩԳȴʶĵ˵ͷع׷ʲô
һռɯһҪԼʶɯѾʶָһҪҪŻ
ֻû뵽ջͱ龫ֵƵĲμޡ
ڻƽһеĹϷɯļ䵱ȻУֻΪ̺̣ܲɯϲԴûвμӹ
һʶͷЩ⣬ûжעҪһǲμˣ
ûϵΪɯһβμӶޣԾûжעҲûϵǰɣ򣡡Ǳ߰²ҵһֺɯĻᣬ˵ͬʱüŪۣ̻⣬æɯֱ
˵ʵĺӣֻٴεͷΪ֪ɯԥܾ棬Ƕȴһ㷨ӶûУԼǿӲܾ˵ɡ
˿̰²ͺҲɻˣһæҲ˹ȻǼ˽Ҳ൱·˵ɯҲμ˶ޣ²ͺҲǺԥӦ
ȻҪעģ˽ղƷеһЩϡпƬȡעȻҲٻļμӶޡ
ҲûӣǹĻһֻܸ棬ɯĿвūͣһУ෱࣬ܿҲѡһļ
һͷ컯ʨŶߵβͣٶȿ죬㣬צ˺һнļﵱУٮٮߵĴڡ
˵˿˵ūҲ컯ʨЩһֶΣΪѰҵͬԪȼΪǿ϶ǻ˼ǰЩ涷еһΪѰһʲô۶Ը⸶
ЩūҪɱʱһֱɯֱ۵˿˵ɯ㣬ϴӦ飬һֱûж֣һӮˣɲˣˣ
ʲô£
һ㶣Ȼɯļ䣬޾ϸȫƿأ뵽ɯĹϵҲʲô˵飬ҪΪƤһ鷳ȥԼ飬˵ͷ
ֻܿ͸оԾˣΪȻ¶˾ȣϲ˷ܵɫ˵ģܷŶڵĻҲɯˡ
һֱڶ޿ʼžʲô飬Ȼڼ䵱УƬλǶʧˣϾ֮ǰ۾ǿʶǳǿֱӽɯʶ飬Ǹʱһʧ˲ټ䡣뵽ǰ۾ˣҲǼɵޱȣԷص൱ǿʶȻһʼʩչʩչɯܵش
ǸʱԼܼһЩӦͲһˡ
ͬģ֪ʶ԰۾˵ĸҲܴ󣬷Էˣڰ۾ѾǲõԺͬʶ
Ժעƻص̨ϣȴǷִ˿̶Ѿβ߸ļ̨ϴսһʼūͱֱӻɱ˿ս뽺ţūͺռơ
ȻûǿױȵƻƾѸٶȺͿԶ̴Ĺ־ȻЦ󣬽ūһһɱȡʤ
ȻϲЦտջūͺֱӽ˵ĶעӮ˹һСŵЦݣ͹Ҳɯֵɯ㣬ӮˣҪֳŵŶ
һЦûɵĸоëֱ
ŪɯӦʲôˣȻǺһϴ衣
˵ʵﻹǺܿˣռɯ壬ȴûпӹɯκ˽Ϊȡɯ֮˽ɯ˾ǷĪǺƽһŮ˹ԡ뻹൱˷ܵġ
ư£һ޴ޱȵķ䣬峺ĳˮЩһ˿ңĻƽһŮˣ򣬹Ȼ൱ϡ


һʮ Ŀ
ôѾǲˣһ޵ľ˼£ȻҲǴõһˮǰɯǲЩй¶ȥ
Ҫǣɯ֪һּҷӡ
ϴԡϣлҪŹҪ󣬶Ƕ֮һȥһɯƽһ壬һĿġ
ǾҵԿǻƽӡԿ׿µľѾˣƽһ塢һѾǳ˶Գ֣Լɾͳ˿籩еСʱܻƷ
õĽ취ǲвɵˣȻⲢʵԲԪ˼ֵĶ֣˵Էˡ
˶Σ뵽İ취Ҳ߹ķǾǽԼҲǿ֮һγ㶦ֻܽһϵ鷳һƻȱһؼ
ǾǶսȱٶսⲻͨԪԪ߼ĿӣǱҪԪ˼򣬲ܳΪ㶦еһ㡣
ԼҪԪ˼֪£ΣҲȥͽϲϣпܳΪԼһԪ˼֣е¡ʦȻ¡ʦֻԪ߼о¡ʦʵʵǲذ˱ԼƽһǺӲ
Ҳϲһ𱻹ڵ㣬ҪһҪǿԽǷų
֮ǰʹϲ͵¡ʦȻӡĽֻ̫ضԿ׿ܴ򿪣Կ׿ȴڻƽһĴӪС
֮ǰ˵ƽһĴӪǿڣСɯݣҲӼ֪ˣ˭뵽ɯȻǻƽһ峤ǺӵŮ
ֻǺڴ֮ǰѾһһŮͳãɯҲֻһ˽ŮԲŲΪ֪һϵ˵ȴһЩٴ˿̣ɯﳩ衣
ڴ֮ǰɯеļ½Ѱڵһм䶼Ѱ˳ҪҵԿ׿˿ŬȻõ˻ر
Ϊɯļ󿨴ʦԵʱڵ粼ôʱҲˣҲĻƽ磬Դ򿪽Կ׿ɯļʹڻƽһĲؿС
˿ŲؿǰȻ²ͺ˵Ǻ峤ҪɯȻȥǸǿİ˼ǿߣԼʶռɯȻĲᱻ˷֣⣬Ǻӿ˿˵Ͳֻ޷õԿ׿ôˡ
ʱκͶԷɯ飬˵ˣҲûš
ӱɭϵĲؿȡԿ׿Ȼ뿪֮ǷǳΪֻлƽһܽ룬˺٣ܶطǿһˣƬ֮ɯ˲ؿڣվһλ׵ĻƽһԱרŸֵؿ
Ȼʶɯɯ̳ʵɯˣҪȥؿ𣿡
ɯ˵ͷԼȥؿȥĻԿ׿㣿
ûÿһ·ͨͽ˼ܽĲؿ
Уһܷ˸򣬹ʮ㣬ÿһ㶼ڷźܶ࿨ܣڷſƬ
˵һ⣬ĿƬÿһ綼Ȼ󲨣󲿷ִſƬƣɯҲܽ룬Ǵ߼߼ļӣص㱣ЩƬÿһһȻ൱ء
ɯļ䣬ЩĿƬǲܶģڴԿ׿һ
ǸȻͬǿĿƣóȻȡ߿Ƭ̱֪ڵÿʱɯҪʦĽȣĿԸ߽ףҲΪˣǳȫ
õͨƣǲò֣ǱչһǼͨеһǸָ߿Ƽ⣬ȻȫߣɻһǶǺγһ©漰ˣȻ֪ţǾͿԸ״һ
Եľͬһܿ죬ɯ嵽ǸλãʱͻȻʲôɯֹͬʱһԵһ߳һӰ
һ˭ô󵨴ؿԭǸɧŮҵļдŪˣҼǵͨδǲ뵽ؿġӰֳΣһòɯŮֻԷȻòޱȣü֮ȴ΢΢𣬸һּĻĸо̱ɫȻȻƷҲһ㣬һɯһȾҪ䵽³ˡ
ɯļ֪ɯĽӢͳԶԷǳɯƽҲٲ
˿̶ԷɯȻϰԵĸ׼Ҳǰ㣬˵㻹һ㻹ҪҪ㣬˶ˡ
ɯȻвޣҲϢˡϧɯǵǣһɯĺأڴɯ֪Сĳɳ֮ϧͶ۸ɯЩ˵ķŭ͵˶㡣
ֻҪɯӢ۸ģŭա
ջǣɯļΪ׵ǺӴûһα˵󲿷ֶƫ̻ӢûйذûչˣеֻбĻ
ɯֻһһεܣǰ˼ǿȴѾǧٿףЩɯܻⱲӶܺ˷Ǵ˿̣ȴȫչǰ
ɯ̣ȴǲ̣ĸײҲգӽԺ󣬾չ㣬㣡
ᶨ˵Ҳ˿̵Ĵ㡣
뵽Щ¶һЦݣȴǲͱ˽ӢǰǸܵĿһץͽһ˳
ⲻɯֶΣֶΣԼֶƿ󣬾ҪֲŭͬʱҲַɯĹϵɲɯ˽ͽ
СˣʲôһԣӢֽеƳ󣬲һЩȻӢʶ˲
ʱǿ߼һӵĿƬȫȡߣһ⿪ӡԿ׿ЩƬУҲûʱһ鿴ȫȡߡ
˿ӢĻɯеʹŭˣǴһȡԿ׿Ҳᱻ֣Ȼ˵һЩ
ĿĴɣҪ뿪֮ǣڴ֮ǰһЩҪһ̣ԳԼʶ壬ɯͷγһģӰ


һʮ Ǽ
ģӰʶͷųĻӰȻҲļޣҲҪչֳºɯ޹ص֤ݡ
ɯԼһҪߣΪﲻļңǰ֪Ļ϶ô֪ˣ֪ɯϲطټӢ۸Ҳɯ
һ̣ʼ߼һҪӢʵԪﵽ߼ʶĶ֣ܿͱǿѹ壬á
ɯ壬һǰȥޱȵŮˣ漴һöԷĶ
ɯ壬ֱӻֳŮʮ⣬žžֱöԷ촽Ѫ֣ͣӢֱӱˣǶ񶾵ǲ֣ŹֱӢ֣ͣȻһץӢͷŶԷǼˣ
仰ƾģǴɯļ䵱пĶӢɯѾĸ׼ˣҪôǼ֣һֱӢĺ࣬˵ζָӢıһˡɯԸһ㣬ڣˡ
֮оԼˬ˺ܶ࣬ȴֲһΧȻ󽫱ףһ񶾺Ӣ˽ȥ
ûɱˣΪӢʮ⣬ɵ˵Ǻӵ׷ɱȻⲻҪԭȻ󲿷ʱǣеʱҲܳ嶯ͬղţôӣǴɱӢûжֵԭȷӢļƬһˣǺӰٷ֮ٻ֮ڳԼǰʱô죿
ڵ˵ٷ֮ٲǺӵĶ֣ΪɯҲھ˵ڵҲʮ鷳
һУſһ޵ɯ߳˲ؿ
ûڻƽһеĵȼҲʮɭϣɯΪ峤˽ŮȻǺϿɣɲܱͨģҲ֪Ӣ棬ɯһɫ϶ַ˳ͻÿһΣɯԿﻹƫºɯ
ҲǾ󲿷˵
ɯ뿪˲ؿ֮ûȥκεطֱӼһſƬ뿪֮ǣ֮⣬ȡһٶȼķǷһһҹ
һֱһƫƧſʼɯϢ
ʱ䣬ƽһѾ֪ɯ뿪ϢӢҲ϶˵ɯںȻѾˣͲڣһõ̫ˡ
һϲ͵¡ʦλսټϲʦ˵۹ܵ۹ҲԿԺͻƽһ;һᲢۣٶԷѾǣֻ壬ȷȫ
Ҫɯ壬һԴ͵Ĵ֮磬ƿķӡ
ҪִٻҪһһҹ
ʱǷǳΣյģԼѾ㹻ΣƽһҪҵԼ̫һ֮ҵȵƽһ巢Լ˿ԼӦ뿪ˡ
뵽ʼôͿ
ɯĿв󿨣ǸٱҴɯ䵱Ҳ˼Ͼɯǻʵļʦ
֪ʶںϣţԼֻҪҵ壬ȻԽļʦһ򣬴ﲻʱôŬܴﵽﵽʱȴˮɣʦҲˡ
ɯļҪͨĴҲҪһʱ䣬Ͼ˵һռ䣬ⲻʨǵǵľ롣
Ϊ˰ȫǽɯ岼һ俨沼ôֻҪ磬Կ׿Ӵϲ͵¡ʦķӡôһ˲
СʱȥûͣЪڰͰĿӡͷģֲ󿨣ʱ俨ȴǴһǿƣһһĽɳȻһָ俨ϡ
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俨Ȼ޷˲飬ЩҲǷ׷׳֣м
һͻȻıһͣ²ÿ̧ͷһá
ǻƽһ峤ǺӣȻ׷ˡ
һ֪ƽһ峤жôԼӳ֮ǵҲһһʱ䣬ĺܺãӢԼ֪ΧУԲԼҪһԺſܣǷ֮ǵĻƽ˳׷ԼҲҪҪҵԼλãԲǶʱģǺԪ˼ĸ֣ҲӦˡ
ڣԤԼҵʱ䣬Ȼǰһ죬൱ˡ
ǱԼԪ߼ʶ廹ɯ壬ԿԽԷƫƫǿǺӡ
𶯣Ȼ֪ԼǺӵĶ֣ҲֻӲˣԪ磬˵磬֪ԼӵʲôطᱻǺ׷ϣ£Ȼټôˡ
Ǿһ仰ɽǰ·
ɯ壬ڳս̬ͬʱٷɯĿƬѰҿԿǺӵֶΡ
ʱò̾ԼӢˣʱڲؿУֱӽӡԿ׿ڵϵĿƬȫߡЩƬҲ٣󲿷ֶϡеǿƬЩƬУҵ˼ԼҲ٣ĿƬ
翨ƬУм￨ĵȼѾﵽ߼
߼￨Ƕ￨ˣϾԪûа˼￨һδ֪Ϊǰ˼ǿߣҲôȼȴǿ⼸߼һ߼ʮ⡣
Ԫ߼ϡнɫƷʣӵԪΪۣڶʱ뱻ɵȼйأʹñ
һɢŰɫâĶϡ￨Ƭȴǲòʹһ÷ؼԪΪֻūͲſܶԿǺӡ
ϿǺӣ˿ȴϬֻǺӣҲ޷͸ɯ忴ΪʶǶһ޶ģǰ۾óʶĸ֣Ҳʶɯŷ
Ǻǿ޷Ϥ˿̵
ˣֻǰɯɯһ侲ĶԼȡ˿ƬǺüͷһ壬Ӣ˵ģ
һ仰ʡ
˿̵ɯɯɯ䣬˿ȴһָͬܵĲͷŭУŮһ仰ȻʣɼǺǲ˼Ѫ֮ġ
ȴɯɱ䣬ͷǣ
Ϊʲôѵ㲻֪ݣڶ仰ʣ˿Ѿģ첻ܽɯܹĿ裬һֻأӦңûɱ


һʮ Ǻ

ǺӴ˿һǳ⣬ףĴضڲеƲ㣬ҲȻ࣬·ҪѹƵġ
һѹ֮£ɯȴǾǿվţǰͦأһĲ
ɯֱ飬Ǻ̾һѹӢͳҲĽ㣬ȻƽʱһЩѾô꣬Ϊʲôȥһ˭á
̣ƾʲộ̷仰ɯʵģΪ֪ɯһ仰ֻҡɯϵ飬û顣
ȻǺǴһû뵽һƵɯȻ˵ǿӲ
ǰƾʲộǰ̣ǺӻЩʱ䳤ˣϰˣϰ߿ǷҲϰɯƺΪһжӦ
ʵˣͬڣɯǿͷʳһ䣬ǺӾȻԶԡ
ΪʲôһɡһвͨǺӱһͨһɯûʲôɷΪƽһѾ涨ؿû޷룬˵߿Ƭˣ峤ͳãҲһɯǴ˿ƬǽһϵĿƬˣ˵ջƽһ棬ɯǺĴˡ
һҲûӱ粵ȻҲû粵ֱɯĿƬһٻģһֻԪǶڣڻƽһ峤
Ҳֻٻһֻūͣٻһȴ߼ʮףڼһԾ޴ĶǶҺκαҧ˵ˣǱɣҲΪˣű֮Ϊ
ţϵٻٻ߼Ҳûˬ߼ﰡǰûйһʱǻˣҲŴﵽ߼ĳ̶ȣڣ߼Ѿٻ߼ŵ棬κһ֧һ
һΣӻƽһؿҲֻǴ߼￨Ƭ˿ǺģȫٻһȻΪѹ߼Ԫ
ļƻǳ򵥣֪Լٻֻ߼һֻҲԲǺӵĵ֣ΪȻ߼ҲǺͨĻƽһ˵ʵ൱ȴǻȲϹž
սʤǺӼǲܵģֻӣֻܽԪԪΪֻۣūͣڶʱڻÿԪ߰˼ֵʵֻпסǺּĸ֡
˵ҲЩãЩ߼ǿԼһʵڿֻˡ
һſƬͬʱǺӶɫȻΪ˿Ϊ֮ɵ־߼Ǻǲֵһᣬʵжôǿ
ԽߣȻ۽ҲԽߣͬԪ߼ҲŵȵģʣЩ߼ֻԪ߼еµȻɫǺȻǲмһˣҪԼ˽ŮҪʲôΪСûзԼǵһΡ
ʲôԸ䣬Ȼҷңƽһ壬ҵҪӢ˵ɯ󿴵һɺӰȻĻ֣ҵڶûзֵ˴ڵļôһˣôʵжǿ˿ǺľȻҲΪʲôû̶ɯȥԭ֪ЩһǴЦΪǺӼɵĸʵϾԼɯڣֻΪʶ弫Ϊ⣬ǺҲ޷ĴڣԲŻжϡ
֪ЩǰͰٻԪ
ԪһǺɫ䣬ֻһԪȻǲ£Ԫؼȴ֪
ɯҪеūһԪ˼ֻϧˣҲҵĶ֣˵ǸصĶֻ֣ܽԷǸãǺӲֹһԪХһʹȻſ죬Χūȫ̳ԣ˲ʱϱ۵ĹâȵâɢԪѾǷ˾޴ı仯ëѾǱȾ˳ɫͬʯ޴κͷצɢѹȫﵽԪ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ɱһ£ʩչؼԪȥɯ壬ôֻϣӿٶȣͬʱԪԵǺӡ
ѾǰƷʦԲܽһƷʹãļʦͲͬˣļʦǰƷҲԼļʦǿ֮
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ڣֻܾܵļӿٶȣټӿٶȣȻԼƷҲʱ
һǺصսʩչԪķԪȻ죬ɽĹ£Ȼֻͨÿһ¹Ǿ춯أˣɲǺӵĶ֡
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һʱ䣬Ǻüͷһ뵽ʲôĪǣֻǵҪʱ䣡
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һž޴ɫֳһԶ̱һԷ·ɵĳ
Ǻӵٻͬǰ˼˲䣬֪ǺӹȻһʦΪԷٻȻѾʧĵһĺ
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һĺȻǱǺ˳ټǽɫС֮ǰĻ͵õ֤뵽ķҲΪǺӣ֮ʧ뿪ڶ֪ںδǷ񻹰ãðһŭ
ʦ㾹ȻʦɯĿڣʵ͸һɳǵĺ⡣
Ǻʦ£ɯļ䵱Ҳû˿ƬΣȻɯҲ֪¡
˼ֱֺѹסԪǺҲƯ˹ϵĽɫСһȻ
ɯݣΪˣҵŮ㶼Ӧ˵Ǻüͷһ壬һɰƳֱ֣ѹסɯоΧͬá
ֻƾƣͽɯѹơ
˿壬ͬɯҲ˿壬̧ͷǺӡ


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ҵˣô㣬ûһǧʯҹ㣡һ仰һһʳġ
ʻͬʱɯ۾ǺӣҪķӦһ˿ϸڶŹ
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ֻһΣǿǺʧˡ
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Ǻӵͣ˰УȻû뵽ɯ־֮Ҳߣ벻ףΪʲôɯôȻǺӲ֪ɯӲؿЩƬֻϢ̰Ϣ׷Ϲ
ڣԷͨǰƷĴѾǵ֮⣬ǺҲܲԷȥʲôط
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վһɫٺ̦޺ǵżУòƽеɱ⣬һЩͲ⸽Լ֮жԶӶԶֻԼŽˡ
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Ϊ˵˵ҪһЩֻǻ˲Сʱ˴ͣ˵硣
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ڶԼΧסŷӦԼڵӿ϶ᣬֻ½̫鷳˷ʱ䣬Ĵǲ͡
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˵ּ̧꣬һſƬ˲һɺâնɱ˹


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Ԫ߼Ҳ赲Ǻӡ
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˿̣Ѿﵽ߳»ԭĹϵίԱȻ˿̣ίԱĳԱҲ˵ȴʦʦܵ۹ĬĬд˵۹ҲΪίԱĳԱ˿ίԱĳԱۼһڶڷ˵
ȻǵһίԱһûκɣ󲿷˲֪ΪʲôһίԱûгϯһο䣬ĵλȹޱȡ
ңƶƶȣЩ飬óģҲòġ
ľٶĳĴ̼ϣĴȻǽɯ壬һϷ飬ºҲ٣ָָоȷ̫̼ˡ
֡ݳáǼɯԭʶҲ¾ۺһȻûȫָѾҪʶػ
֪ʱȥԼʱˡ

ٶ๫⣬һСз棬˿Ѿȫսռ죬һķ棬սڵл;̺ǣΧЩԭǿĹҲΪսʱʱԿʮֻսק;޴Ĺ뵽泲С
УϼáϧϣԼٿɯǿֲĳ泲Ƶս棬ҲоͷƤ顣
磬ȷﰲȫ𣿡ϧϣСԵӺСôһĻ𺳵ĳȻ⡣
ģ͵Ǽһ˿ЦǺǵ˵ʱɯʵѾָһЩʶʶ֮ǰ֯һ𣬿˵Ѿ˱˴ΪϤˣȻȻѾԼˣȻָʶɽ彻ơ
˵껰£һ޾壬ں󣬶棬԰ټƣս档
ЩսȻһʱ䷢һʼΧͷų߼ʶѹЩսɢڳһƬյءûΣպϧϣǲ£һ壬⼸ŮһҪΣֻǸ


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һȣͶĳ泲ҪһЩǿսҲǰûмġ
ܿ죬ǰһ޴ĳУһս˳Ȼ䵽ǰȻҲûһϳʶԪѹоѹ̹ݵ
ˣ˺ʮָˣȻѾĳַ٣ԷԪͨõԡڵĴҲǰ׺ϵĳѾͬĳֺϽһ㣬źأȻ·ĳԪġ
ԪģһЩЩо˿ԿŵӡЩԪĵĻףǿѻƣϼӳԪģǿǿƻ
ˣġ壿ɯֵ̬Ȼʮɻ
ȥûнͣЩʹ˵ˣԷҲ⣬粻˵ڴͶ˵ǾҳԼ
ȻûʣǴһ·뵽ǸΪߴĳУ·ϼ˶棬û뵽Ȼ滹ǿһбҪЩսĿֲսԿŤתһսʤ
֮͸оһʶ壬һʶԼֻ֮̽̽˻ȥ
Ƕڲһʶʶ˶Էݣ뵽ֱӼ˷ڣΪսĳԣȻֳӵеǼΪǿʶ
ǰǸ޴ķڣ˿һӣɢ͵ĹâһԲε򣬹⻬ޱȣͬһŹֵһ㣬ƶɯҲǰ
Ҫʣ֪ãʵڿǷ֮󣬾֪һѵļ壬ҲʺʶĵطǸŹֵĹӣǴʶͨ
Լʶȫ룬ɯԼʶ壬̧֣ץһϡ
һ̣˳Ź֮ܵڡ
һ˲䣬оԼҰȻʣͬǴӵ棬ͻȻӵ˷еһɳ죬ӿиء
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岿Ψһʶ塣
ƹһУΪˣ룬һȨޣȨҲԿһǿԲٿеս棬κ¶ԡ
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ڴʶԸӷҲΪԵƣӵǿս
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뵽ó׵Ŀһս棬վܿɯǰɯһſƬɣ
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˶֪ʱɯȴͻȻȡһذףԼ󣬶ʱĻƽѪҺɳӿǸӡ
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ҪãָָǸʵ
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֣зսĽͬһʱ´ʮֻм׳棬ǿɲǿЦģǿսһܱЩֲķм׳˺顣
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Եǻ۲࣬еʱߣͬҲÿ־壬໹Ҫ
ĽԤϵһԳˣȻ嶼ȲԼҪ


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˿̣Ѿ˳ֵĹܵеʶ뵽Լµ嵱УڿʼϤ塣
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Ů˷ǣ׼ʲôʱͻȻ֮䣬ǸŮĿУһ߲С
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ŻˣҲŻˣһԪַ֣ӿԽ˶ɱĴڣȻգۼͱ߲ߣûκεֿ֮ɴ˿ɼ߲еĿֲ
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Ůʱûע⵽⼸ͬ£һһŮţղųȥ˭
˵꣬ǿŮϣǼͬǴСۣǺӹ˾ĹԱ߸˧ǿҵ˼Դȥ˵ʴ൱ߣ
Ҽھ˵Уҵʿѧλҵ־ԸǿԽǺӹ˾ôţôҪǺӹ˾ҪѡΣģۣⷿǸһҲ¼ƽףǺӹ˾ĹԱ˵һͿһһƽ׵ңһ˵͵ŮҲµ
Ŷʮ꣬Ǻӹ˾ĹԱסĵطǺͨˣ͵ָ߸˧ϲ͵ûɣе绰ԼԶٷ˵Ҷϣ
ŮǲְҵģǾҲһһͬǰɡ
ֻϧûпԼϣԳԼ֤źס֮⣬һŲ֪ҲΪΪԼԼ
ûǮϵ·ҲǾ͸ģⲢ⣬ԼסĵطĹܼ͵ˡ
ȻûԪڵҲǿĿ£Ĺ·̲Ӿܵ⻹˵עٶȣ졣
ϤĽֵϤ·ƣԼסķӡ
һж;һ·ϣֻ㱸Ǽᶨô磬һǣٲ磬ǡһ硯
ڣߵǸϤЩİķſڣŷţ׼ţʱ䣬ǰԼϢӦûڼңֻ뵽һŵġԼſڻһԼʲôһ顣
Ȼò˼飬ԼҪԵʵ
׼ŵʱ򣬸ڵķͻȻˡ

һƽĺϿգ˿̳һֱɻֱںΧһܣȻ˺ߣ߰˸ˣŸֹŹֵһŰ״ӣ۾ͷŪһһȻߵ˵ʱĸСʱ֮ǰкǿĳ˼飬ȻֳŨѾɢΪ㣬ǵ̽ɿԲ׽һʲô¡
ڣ賿ͼ̽ҵͼĵĿĹţ֮ǰһֻһûзκθȾߡԱһ˽һͼƬ˹ͼƬȻԿй㡣
Ŀ𣿡˳Ϊڵͷʵ
ʱûҵѾȥˣ
ռռ㹻ݣһȥ֮ҪֳͻȻѾǵһˣǶ֪ôΪǺӹ˾һӣϣǲҪκһϸڣΪ⼸γͻȻӿ˵ʲֻʵҺ͵ڶάŻڣ˵Ȼʹصʣǰǳ֮ΪԪֱ¶ΪĶǺӹ˾δԵӰ졣
ˣڣոմϢ֮ǰ¹зֵһȾͻȻѣȻ˻Աӳоģ
ʲôôᷢ£ϴһȥǱôģ
ļ½ѾץڻûϢ
½Ǹֻʹļһʲôϴ绰ǧҪ˺ȾߣҺû꣡˵ֱ̳꣬ɻһߵĴ¥ȥ


 Ǻӹ˾
¥ŵʱ򣬸ڵķȴͻȻ򿪣źðһʮ꣬ȾŻƷ˯ºͿͨЬŮˡ
¶һЦݣˣ㶼ڼңüΣϴδӦңҪҿĵԣɱˣˣ㻹û緹ɣԼĵ⣬
˵꣬ݡ
ȻЩʼδŮ˿ȥЩ죬Ҳ˰ƺԼܾǰھھӣʱ֣ͦƯͬܰݽһŮˣʲôˣֻ߶Էѹûи߹ԼΪǰŮ˼Լǰһӣû˵ȻԸҲ˼ƨɣԲǵֺ
˿̣ŮȴǶԼΪ飬˵ֺá
ֱۣûǰְı飬ϹЦݣٿ˯£ڴ򿪣ж֮ԿǰһԻСãŮ˾Ȼûд£Ҳ֪ϰߣǹˡ
ãһֵĿԱȽϸߣΪֻҪɵӾܿνԻԼޣһڡ
ȻŮ˵ʶԴԼھļ䣬;һĵһ磬֪ŮǲǺǰݽҪȻҪרԼ
ԼǱ׼˿
ԤϵһŮ˼ûˣֻһǱ׼һ֣ܿҲƯҾߺ͵ذ嶼ǸߵȻⲻһȱǮŮˣ͸ú档
ûоܾŮҲΪӶԷĻġԼӦòڼңǳźüˣʱſڣҲȷûκζ˵ʱԼӦʰ׼ȥĸĹ˾ϰࡣ
ԼȻԼڣô϶ҲûӽݣǵŮȡһЩ鱨
Ҹţ̣ĵ⣬ǶһңҿûиǵһԵģŮһӣǾµС⣬ȻͬʱǰһСκһ۾˵ڵҲ̲סһۡ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôӻĶˣһ
Ů˼״Ȼ൱ϲһ˳ԶҸСϱģ̫ɿһĵأ
ŮЦżȳԶˣǺӹ˾﹤ɣҪȻҲü춼
һ㶣ڳԵ⡣
Ǻӹ˾ʲôطǴû˵ԼǰС˾ɲǽ֡
Ź֣ǹŹֵ飬һֱΪһԼ֪ľһڿƺôһ¡
ڿ˼Ů˿ûвļˣ˵Ǻӹ˾ܺãƺƸµԱ㿴Ҳ뻻һܲܰ˵˵ڲԱݣһƼ
˵仰ʱŮʮСģĿ£ӣƺֻҪͬ⣬̶Կ½Ͷͱһ
Ҳ뵽һ˽İ취
µ⣬̧ͷ˿¶ҵߵŮˣʵǺӹ˾
شŮĵͷȻǺӹ˾Ĺʮˡ
֪κι˾ϲ׼ӦƸߣ˵˵Ǻӹ˾˽⣬ԽȫԽãֻһֲԣΪܿԹҲͬ⣡Ц˵ò˵ķ̫ˣŮ˿ûлɣ̾һ˵
Ȼһ׼ģǺӹ˾ȫĸ߿Ƽ˾漰ӿƼҵȫӵгһĹԱÿ괴󳬹ǧԪ࣬һңôȫ󾭼壬Ǻӹ˾Ĵʼһԣû֪Ȼƶ˭Ǻӹ˾ӲļԱеĹԱļֻǾڲԱƼܽǺӹ˾ˣľӢȻҲǷǳߡŮӼ˵˵Ҳ൱Ծ
ʲôʱϾȻôһ˾ղ˵ģô˾൱Ӵˣ˵һ˾ҲǺΪӦ˹ĪġԼһ˾﹤
ݽŮ֮ǰľٶˣΪԼǸǺӹ˾Ż˰ͽᣬһǺӹ˾ߣǸߵ⣬ҪǺӹ˾ֻй˾ڵԱƼſԣţĹ˾Ȼǲ⹫Ƹ
ֻġԼôΪ˾ĹԱ
ġΪʲôҪסʮͨĵط
ֻһֽͣǾġǸǺӹ˾ʱ䲢ûվȽŸûлطס
ôܱܲӶ߰ݽŮһڴȻڸղŵıҸоá
Ȼֻ֪ǺĵͷŪȥǱʶνǺӹ˾ԾΪǺ֣ͻƽһ峤һ⾿ɺϣԭ
һԣݽŮ˸߲ҵ˵ţȻõϿܸˣȻҲǺ˶Էʱʱչ¶ѾȷֻҪԼԸ⣬ĻԼ
ҲһЩ㣬ǸǺӹ˾֣Ǻӹ˾Բ򵥣Ȼڴ֮ǰҪҵġԼѯһЩ顣֮⣬ȻСҲһϤˣϼãϧϣǣҲ֪ǣԼϤЩѺֵܣԼҪȥǵ
ϾҲиԵ
ʱһ¥ж⣬Ǻܿڿš
ĲݽŮţǡķš
һ𣬰Īġˣ
Ȼȥߵ·ֻͷİݽŮŮ˿һģһ᲻ιȥ
ֻȻҲûãΪ濪ŵܴ󣬰ݽŮҲˣһʱ俴һȻڿţС͵ɣ
˵ţȻǴźץһǰš
һһСӣСӿȥ꣬ΪӵͣԼŽżҲֻǿﵽԿ׿׵λãŬԿ׿ţȻѣҪȻҲŪô졣
СȻġǰݽŮȻҲû뵽ŵһС㣬һʱҲǸСȻҲע⵽ݽŮ򿪵ķţŤͷһۣ֮һ˫۾¶˾ϲܿǲ⡢ɻǻɣһСﾹȻ¶˶ı顣


 VSһ
СԼһϤУȷԼ֮ǰûмСھļҲûһ˿һļ䡣
ûм䣬ȴ־ϤʵǷǳֵ飬ֻϧûһ˿һԪԴԪȷ϶Էݡ
ʱһԵİݽŮֻһСкǷСкȥ൱ɰ֮ϻһЦеı飬ȥʵСѣ˭
ҡҡͷݽŮʵЩѵûпСкŵԿף
ԿԼŵģһԿ׻ԼģǶصԿ׿ǰμһõĽƷаԼϤľȻһطкܶطǷǳƵģͬݽŮͬԿ׿ۡ
СкԼԿף˵ġʶģǡСкȡֻܽСкղһ顣һģһ˳ڲͬĵط˭ᾪȺͲ⡣
ֻЩ޷һ£ǾСкϤУϤûʱƶɢԽŨҡ
ͻȻ֮䣬оһΣգǽ֣ݽŮСкק˰ݽŮļңͬʱ¥ĲͻȻʲôײ飬ž죬Ƕ۵ڵϣ겻ðŰɫ̱ǵ
ɨһֱۣӽŹϡ
ȥëֽˮŪʪŷ죬ǴԵβҲʺͶģĶˣƽķԸղŰݽŮѾŻˣ飬һʱǸСкܿ죬ȥëһֽˮŪʪŷڣڡ
¶࿴Скһۣʱ侲Ĵ飬ȻСк򵥰ôⶼһֻ꣬ȥûκΣյС
ô£ղ㾹ȻҺˡиղŷʲô£ΪʲôݽŮ˿ѾЩ״Σղ˲䣬͸о˷·Ƽһ㣬գ֮ͱӣ֮ŷġ
ǵܽһٽӣһСкЩˡ
û˿ֻǽעСкϣСкйϵʲôˣΪʲôͷͲ֪ˡ
ˣҪȥݽŮ뵽һ׵飬æȥֻ绰ֻܿ͵ֻûźţΪʲôûźţˣ
˵ȥŪԣֻΪܳɹӸղſʼ͸оһ˿ŹֵĵŲҲֻĸ֪ܸӦһЩٽϰݽŮֻûźţȷһ¥ͨŶжˡ
ȻҲ硣
ʣЩ˾Բ֣ͨǰӴܶؼŵľӢ֪ЩֶΣе˿ֶͨΣһطɡµӶĳж
ܶ˭֪϶ǰСкйϵ
Ҫ֪̽СкܣʵҲа취ģǾʶ壬һͨõ˵ǣʶԿ꣬ӵϵԽ˵ȡ䣬ǡ塯ƶԷĶ
ֻʶԪ緢ģܶԪܴﵽûκԪĵطʶܷӳһɶûС
ͨý֣Ӧû⡣
ǰһְСкԴСкӦҲ̾ҪܿùưСкԴϡ
˲䣬ֳһ˿ʶ㼯˿ٽСкڶȡļ䣬ֻΪûԪ֧ţҲǴۣɿ˺ܶ϶Ļ档
ֶȡȻҲǿȡӣСʱļףҪȡʱȽϾԶļǱȽѣԪ磬ԽԷм䶼ȡҲֻܾΪȡļȻǴۣɼˣǿһЩ
ɫ䣬ȻСкļʼδ־ᶨָܿ侲˻ֻ˿̿Скû֮ǰĽ䱸ͻɣǻһκͰ
Ск˿ҲĿɿڴ˵ʲôȴǱƵݽŮ
ȶȥ˵꣬ȡСкԿףȻǴ򿪷˳ȥ
¥Ѿ죬ڶԿס۾ϸһɫĤǳеһ㱡Ĥ۾ڶҺнݣҲ԰Ȼ
¥ﾲĵģʮϸ΢ĽŲȻ¥ˡԿ״ˡԼķţȻ˽ȥ
ѾвɿԿ֣ԼǰһֻһЩߵĵ߶Ҵµһȡһӡ
һӣƺһģûз϶ָоأз··һ·飬˼ǣЩ·йȻڲϵͳ
ǿ֪Ӳһ㣬ʵҲˣСкҲΪȡӣ֮ͬǰ²һġԼСкȡģˣСкݻǼΪ⣬ǺмĹϵ
淢һ¥ɹµǣǺӹ˾ԱСкļ֪ȻϽʵϣЩ˱ľ񲿶ӻҪרҵڲ˽˳ǶǺӹ˾˵ʲôƣЩҪ沿ӻҪһأжֳ֮ʲôڸǹȥȻЩ˵ĿһСкһԼӡ
СкȡĶֻЩ£ûʱ룬ҪȽǰ鷳
Ѿ˽ŲȻԷܹѵľˣŲ΢΢޷ӹĶ䣬Щ˿϶ûиͨǹевΪ㡣
ˣ¥»˲жϣһ̣űˣͬʱҲǽŲһ˳˳ȥ
һźɫսŷߣֳԶ˻ûӦͱһĵ󾱣һԵڵϣȻֻǿʼ
ȻûԪѾͨ˲֪ٱ˼ûŪôµʱ򣬾ͱһһ¥µ˾Щ鷳ǵλþ˿Է춯ΪΪٶ̫죬ֻͬ鵹أȴûп˭ǡ
ô£һ˼æ̧ǹڣŵʵ
֪ȥһ˿ѻ֣㷢ʲô𣿡һСӳݵͨߵʵ


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סլ¥棬һ¥Ķ洰ڣһѻעȻʲô
û˵ֱӲȡжǾǿ۶˰
װǹֻǱһɾҵţӵͺХѾĲǰһƶĺӰ
ѻֿ۶˲䣬׼׼¥ݽ˵оΣգɲ֮ܵ˶̧ұۻסԴһɾ޴ײֱϡ
ֱֻֻ΢΢һͻָе˲Ѿֱάⶼܶǿֱ֮۱ͬĸְ廹ҪӲѻǹӵҲ޷͸Ȼⲻ˵ģ˶˵˵΢
ֱۼһ󷭶ѻǹӵͱ˳ָһץһöӵָ䣬һһӵٻ䣬ʮһ¥ľѻԴ˲䱬ͬһ罦ѪҺԽܵǽͿĳ졣
ȻԷҪñɱ׼淨
ӾѻֿǹֻǶ̶һʱ䣬¥ϵҲӦǱϾܹѵԱ˿̳ӵקһۣǽڡ˺ͷϣȻҲһЩӵ
ֻǿȫԽ֪ͨͼǹȻֹӵʰ鲣ƬǲƬҲͬӵһԶɱ
̶ʮӣŸѵأֱıԱȫû
¥֮⣬һ䳵ԱͻԱһѻֱɱϢݵֳ
һʱ䳵˶Ŀɿڴһš
ܣԲܣȾֻһСӣҲܲɫĽҵľŸ˶ɱһ˰ֳץ½ɫ˵Ǻӹ˾ˣȻ˵ǱԿԺ澫񲿶ˣԱʡװͺڱϣģ˵ץһˣӦԼҲǴ´࣬Ǵ˿̣ʮþȵжȻǳ©
٣Ѿ˲ⶰ¥סû⣬ͨˣĿ¥ڵ㣬µסѾȫɢѾȷûڼңĿͬھ֮⣬¥ӦûˡһԲԵĹԱٱ
ȥһεڶСӣСһȥκжĿ궼ȨΪһܻչ˾ҪĲƲһЩҲϧǸȾߣҲֱӻС½˵ɱ
ǱߡԱһּ״æѵ
ڣߣһоԱѣǺӹ˾黹ֲһоԱһι˾һԱԴ߹˾ҪƲδɺ͸Ⱦ߽ӴѾǴ˹˾Ĺ涨оԱЩоԱ˹˾ûҲô£ִҵǹ˾ļܣȨЩ½ü˵һ˵һһֻһĶȻһǳҪĶҪȻ½Ҳ粽Ľߡ
½ûٸҷ飬ʱһͻȻڳ
˵ҪƲɣܸʲô𣿡
ʱ½˲ŷԭرյĳžȻ֪ʲôʱ򱻴ˣվһˡ
ȻץһǹŹ·Ľӡ
ԵʱָĴ䳵Ա½ڣаͳڣӳʮȫװڶԱ˸ѹ̬£ô˶˿֪½뵽ָӳ
˶ĿɿڴֹͣӲĿͻȻڳǸˡ
ֻȵ˵ģ˶Ǹо죬ƺʲôط½Ǹ֪ʲôʱ복ˣԷƺߣһʱ벻Է˭
ǵı飬Ȼ䵽˶ԷС
ɣղŻңôϲˣ¶һ΢ЦϢ복Ȼ
˴ˣԸȻ¥ﲻڸɵǾŸ֮ǳ˴¥ҵָӳȻԼٶȣ֪Ŀ˳Ȼ½ĻҲһЩԲиղŵһʡ
ʱڷӦ˹һָ㡭㡭Ǹȡ˾Ʋ
ܣ˾һԱǰΪȡ˾ƷѾƣӦڹ˾ηѶôܳһҲһ˼顣
⻰ô£૵ԭѾֲòڼң
⻰ȻᣬҲˣ˶һŹ֣Ȼ˵ʲô
ֻ½ɫЩ԰ףȻܳΪǺӹ˾ļܾԲǿʵϣȻǰ򵥣Ϊ˾ļܣܵĴнܹ˾ǿҩһҲ˵½ڵʺǿǼܹѵľ˶Ķ֣ǰȻǸоһǿѹǿһ˫۾ѹתΪ˿־塣
ˣҲĽӣȻ֪ʲôȻôղŵĵһСӵľŸӦöǱɱġ
ʮʱŸȫװԺ뱣Ա˾ԲԼܶԸġ
ԣ㡭㲻㾿˭½ʱڷʲôںǵúԹѺģӦû׳˶ǰ˳֮⣬壬ͷͶȻͬ
ǶԷ񣬾ԲԼټ϶Էѹһͬһƣ½˵Ƿ
ʱ򣬳һͻȻְγǹֻоǰһӰǹѾߣٿǰƺûƶѾǰһǹ
࣡
˿ĭ۾ɵú͵һ󣬸ղŷʲôûзӦҲûп壬˵˰½һ½ôܹǺӹ˾ǿҩע䣬ǿǸƺһ£֮Լµǹ͵˶Է
ŵٶȡ
شҵ⣡ָһһǹ˲ʱͱñΣ˷һĻ½һ£һĽӣ˵Ǹǹ˾Ļܣ˵ˣǴ˹˾Ĺ涨
û˵꣬ȴͻȻ˼Ǹ·ֻһĶһ̣ĽͻȻһ⣬Ȼը
ӱըĳͬһöף½˲Ͷ㵽α˵ֵڳ˾ûôˣȫܵһģֱӱըƷףصײڳϣѪ罦һء


 ֲں
ⱬը֮ҲǺܵ˲Ͼڱը˲䣬־ǸŹֵĽӡ
ҵıըҵķѣһҲ֪ɵʲôطڶ͵Ҳǻһ½Ϊ׼㵽Ӻ棬ûˣȵը̴ӳƿȱ˳ȥ汻ըĵڶСӺ͵СӱڶԱѾǽܵƻ䳵ŰΧ½һ̳Ǳָӳ֪Ҫǹ˾еҪƲԱװãѾǸ˸ɵˡ
绹ҪҸɵ½˵꣬ﴫһ½̣һŵĻͷȥ
ɢŨ̵Уͦζ׵ıըҲֻǽը˸飬Ʊըһ˿ڣһЩѪҺҲ˶ѣ˿ǿºܿϡ
˵ʵǽﾹȻԱװ£û뵽ҲᱻըţͬǰһκʱȭͷȵӲһ£ֻҪԼ㹻ǿ󣬾˰ټʩҲԶԼֺ
ڳǶʮֳڶԱֻǳԪŪһԺɱЩˣûԪ֧֣ҲԵͬһ۷ʵҪǿԪ֧֣Ԫ߼ǿߡ
Щ˸ܶвǵʮٻһЩͻǹ֮ԱڵҲǱˣҪǶô絼ͻ֮Ĳпܡ
׼ɱʱͻȻ֮䣬ȻǸܵһ˿Ԫ
Ȼһ˿ԪǿȴǻʵԪΪ棬̻ͷһԪķȥ
һƬǸӣΪըѾķѣҲֻһϴƬԵմһЩѪȻǸƵƬ
˿һƬϵѪҺȻ·һǸƬУһƬɢһɹɹâԪǿȻǷչ׳һ;缸һģһĵطΨһ鷳ûԪֻƾɻˣԪĻôͻΪǸվ˵Ԫ߼֣ǺҲ˺Լ˵Ԫ˵Ҫӹɡ
ǹŹֵĽƬѪҺںһͻȻ޴ԪʱǺӼŷֲһʮ¥Ķһ̨ʮСһ·״һͻȻ˴̶Х
ϱǳڣִȥ֪ͨڡһ۲ĹԱ̴
Ƭ֮ھͷ缱ǵĸϵһ̨Աߡ
˼飬˼飬Ȼֳ˳Ĳһβ˲ʱǳģǿȷصͷλ׼ֱҪ֮ڣϵĵص㣡ڼĺ
һԪ׳̷ӦǧѷĻᣬæǰһץָһԪǸоˮӵһ³ԪֻһԪԪʱһƬͻȻصһ£һŷĩʮӰǷĩзɳɢȥһӰֱֱӳĶͷȥ
üͷһ壬Ӱһ壬һԹ飬ǾԶԸܵЩɢаͱϢ
ֻ㲻ܣҲﵽԪѣûбҪܣȵһӰͷ֮̾ҪĨɱʶҪռȵֻǺܿԹͷԼѡ˶
ʶģһ޴ҫ۵̫ʶ壬ǸԹֻһ΢ĸΣʶǰҪ⹥Թͱ߽⣬飬Ȼʧ١
Ҳû£Ǵ˿̣ͬʯͷһײķ飬ʧ
ԹƬȫգֻӶԷƬУҲûκη֣ΨһĶֻвбɱ⡣
ЩӰеķǳٺͻȻһʣµķͬķΧڶԱķӦٶȺЩﵽԪԹֱţǱЩԹ鿴еģûһӹȫԹͷ˲䣬ЩԹ鸽ȫ˰ۣ°ĭڵϲϳ鴤Ť߶Դﵽĳ̶ȣЩѪɫȫޣѪ͹˫ͫһ˿ͫȫ֮ɫ
һ̣ЩԹ鸽Ť壬һܴﵽٶȣΧûбࡣ
һҵɱ¾ʽĻ
ûбԹ鸽˾ֵĿǰһ̻ͬ飬˿ȴɿֲɱ˻ܹѵǣҲһӷӦѾעǵĽ
һڶԱȻ˵ֱӱҧϣ⣬һĿ꣬ͬԱһٶȣǿޱȵǼûбڶԱ½ɵˣĿɿڴĿǰһĻɱ¾૵ôǵڶάĶôⲻܣ˾ҪڶάĴڸƳûһγɹǸҲֻһͨĳƷôܻᡭ
½˵һ˵ŻҰͫ׵۾ͳ˹½һγһǹǹΪǺӹ˾ļܣ½ܹҩע䣬񾭷ϵͳʣǿܶ࣬ǹܺãǹĿҪ
ͨһǸԴըԵڵأȻֻһӶʱ䣬½ȴһͷ亹ղⱻ˸ѹ̫ˣӦֻûĿҪôڵڵϵԼˡ
ֻһ̣һۿɼӰӵصʬԴ˳½һζԷӦԹͷ
ͨһ½ڵǿͨˣԵֿʱҲһЩʱ䣬ԹʶУ½һܣһЩԹΪʲôֵܡ
Ѫ½ʶ۾Զվ󳹵˺ڰ
ˣͫ˲ʧһײеĴӵϴ𣬴Ѱй
ֻ½ûܳʮףԴصһ±ɱһʯͷ׳ʯͷ
ʬأԹʬϸոշɳͱһץסεԹ飬˿ȴǱץţȻ޷Ǹƣһ̣һԹ˻һɢ


 Ⱦ
ɱԹȻַ·𡮴ȾһԹԪ磬ҲֺĺһĴڣ˵ö֮ȴΪԹԣ޷˼ֻ֪ɱ¾ӵзǳǿĸͿֻҪԪȼ߹ǵĶԸһӵǧ˵ľۼأΪʮԹ飬һ㳹׻ڣ˽ųɵ˿ڡ
Թ飬ϲҪʣֱɱͶˡ֪ΪʲôҲִȾԹ飬Ȼ缸;һôҲֵܵԹ飬һãʮֻԹԽһ˿ڵĳжɱ⣬ɲΣΪɱԹļԹҲһʵǿĴڣ֡ȾŻᱻֹ֮ͬǰһԹ顣
ȻΪԼľ磬ȻһôͿ϶һϼϤѣ£Թɱĺá
ڵʵҪɱʮԹ鲢ѣͼһһ׷ϻͷ­ȻֱԹ顣
֮ǰ޷ԪЩԹûжΪ޷ԪǴڲͬγȵĴڣཻƽߣĹ޷ЩԹв֮ǰץסȡ˼ԪԾһԪλüӳһǿ˺ķģ˵۹Ĵ˾ѧģֻҪһԪͿԼӳַģȻЧҲһ㣬ֻһǿ˺ַȴԶԪЧҲ˵ֻһԪԼӵйԪ
˶ѣԪ߼ǿߣùǼԪҲԲܶԸЩԹ飬ֻҪԪֶΣͼģԷӳǿͺñһͣҪ㲻ǽֻһ֦Ҳɱʤһ
ϵһöģɱʮԹ飬ٿֳѾһƬѪȣǺӹ˾Աֻ֮ǰըʱʹȥڳһʣµȫеǱĹɱĹֱɱ֮ǰǺӹ˾ƺĳֶΣһƬ˶ɢûвˡ
Ⲣ˵û˿ղŷһĻ
һסլ¥ϣһլоǴͷβĿһĻˣֻһĻ¼ͷϣǡײбͽɱʮˣ˱ͷǱͷ硣
Ƶϣ̶̼Сʱͱʵ飬һʱ䱬ͷƺţҲǳȴʡ
ȻⶼǺ󻰣˿֪Լڽһʱˡˡ˿鷳֮󣬴һڶԱʬȡһذףͬʱһǹС
ղŷ֪ûԪҲԪһֻԪԹ飬ԼԸޱȣһأһһγԼԸ˵ԪȼĹô⿿ѾԱ࣬Ҫ־Բôˡ
ҲҪһЩԪȻǿΪԪޣûϵķֻеϼӳԪģʹ˺Ԫ
˵һʵزذ׺ǹ㹻ˡ
ڸղǸӵƬΪʲôͻȻԪһôԹ飬ҲûͷȻǸŹֵĽǺӹ˾ĲƲġ͵ˡ
ողЩ˵ģѾҪǽӾʲôȥġԼһ䣬Ȼ㷵˰ݽŮҡ
˿̰ݽŮè￴æֻһ仰һ㶡
ղǸСԼˣôסݽŮһίֻû¥ȥСк˵൱ҪԲ뿪ϾǺӹ˾
ֻСкȻܵûټԪ֧֣Ϳʩչ߼ԪӦΧ򣬴ӶҵСкȻһ㡣
£ص˰ݽŮϸѯһСкô뿪ģ뿪ʱ˵ʲô
ʲôû˵ô󣬸һСӡݽŮ˿˵
̾˿ȻΪСкʶУȻһʶҲΪһʶӰ죬СкŻӵڳ˵ٶȣһʶ˵ȴǼΪϤȻԪѾΪȥİķ
ǰķʶһȷϣԴʶ컯ǿ֮󣬶ʶĸӦҲǿ̫࣬ķʶ֪ʲôѾЩ飬˿Ҳֻܳ˯СкʶڣСкʶϢϸ˵ѾΪһ壬ҲΪˣСкŻӵһЩУǱʶΪԼ׽֮֮ǰԼַӦȴΪԷѾԼΪԼðƻǵԻһֶΣŲ
˵ʵ﷢ְķʶջǺǼһﵱ϶˵ѣķҲһǱ߲е磬ǰķûб壬ʶ壬Ҳ֧飬ֻܺСкʶ϶Ϊһ
Ѿ⣬һҪ뷨ðķָʶСкļֱ֪Ԫʶںϵ˽ȾߡҲǺӹ˾Ľз˵ʦҲһ߲룬Ѿֻʣʶ뵽硣
뵽߲ͨһڣǾֻʶͨĳڣ;ԼĲ²ӦûȻǺӹ˾̽鵽ȾߵĴڣҽռоԽζⲻǺӹ˾򽻵
£֪Լ뿪ŵĶʮʬԳΪţɲһȡ
ˣŰݽŮ˵һ䣬ת߳˷ţǰݽŮȻû뵽˵߾ߣ׷ȥȴûӰ
ո뿪һӣһֱѾ䵽˸
һЯʽ̽·ɻһ۾ͿԶѪȵĳ˿̣Ѿвٸ˿Χۡ
ڣǡ½ܡһԱֳһָԶһʬ˵ȻԴûˣǴӴϻܿݣǺӹ˾ļڶֲоƬоƬʶ𣬼ûͷȷϡ
ڿһĻѪȵĲ״ɫҲ԰ףŤͷ֪ͨ˾̽Ӧãѹסˣϻ½оƬоƬм¼ܣҪ֪﾿ʲô顣
˵Щڴһ淢˵εεεϼͷָܿһĵײһմѪĽƬ


ڰ Aͨ
һմѪҺĽƬͬ½оƬһʱ䱻ͻǺӹ˾ǵķֲоƬԱڻҪߣݣҲǱΪ˹˾߻ܡ
оƬм½еļ䣬ţͼķʽ²ţȻǺӹ˾Ҳ֪﾿ʲô¡
Ǻӹ˾ֲһܻڣһ˾߲ͨƵ飬Զص˾߲;߻㱨
Ŀǰյ鱨õڶάԺͳķԪƬĽУǸѪҺŵķӦԭܳĶɹĸƳǸղƵЩɫӰǽԹ飬ڵڶάԪǾ󲿷ֵԱǱЩԹɱģ֮飬ȴʼδǸˣȻԳͨʮʣԹ鸽ȫɱͬʱɱЩԹ飬Щ½оƬУʵû⡣߲㱨Ȼ߲ķӦ
ȻǺӹ˾ĸ߲㶼ǼΪ𶯣Ǻӹ˾ΪƶߣҲǵһʱ䷢ѯʡ
Ǹʲôˣ˵ûƵͼΪ˱Ǻӹ˾ⰲŵģǹ˾߲㣬Ҳ֪ǵϰӣǺʣǵϰУȨƵˣܡ
ǷֲǸ߲̹Ƿֲʵ鲿һԱĵڶάȿ¡ڵڶάıֻãɹѣչ˾˲ƻֻҪڵڶά¡ɹѵ࣬ᰴѵȼʵ˾ӶһǺӹ˾ˡ
ʣ½оƬǸ˭֪ǵλһԱӼǰͱƣڱӵ£ôǸôģǺӹ˾ϰ巢ѯʣһ£Ƿֲܶͷϵĺˣ⣬Ҳ֪Ѿ˾ƺͼӣ½ļֲ١
ѵǡ¡壿
뵽ܣλ̷߲˲²⣬Ȼﲻܴڿ¡壬Ŀ¡嶼ֻڵڶά磬Ǻӹ˾߻ܡ
ô㲻֪ǸˣӵǿʵѪҺԼƷڶάǿصʵ磬ζʲôǶζţǿܻᷢһƵڶάǿζţǿԽ˳ΪʵףʱЩνĴǿǺӹ˾ǰһĲֵоѾõѪҺ⣬ۻʲôۣҪǸ˻׽ϣģҪʧ˵һ仰Ǻӹ˾ϰ˳˻飬˾ֲĸ߲Ҳһ˳顣
Ƿֲܴ˿һͷˮҲ֪һᣬһǧѷĻᣬץסĵλĿǰǹ˾弶ܣ£ǿεܡ
һ绰
йϵ̶Ǹͨҷͣסֻܳɹ
˵֮λ弶ܹҶϵĵ绰̹һ籩꣬ڵ׵һʱõһͨһУǳȥġ
һͨĿݾƵڣϣȡǼò׵õԪȥһţֻʣſ
ſԺϤԪͬ⿨Ƭϸһ⣬Ϊ粻ԪԾǵһʱ䳤ˣԪϵԪҲɢ
ҪһЩԪΪȥһǺӹ˾ĿһȥġԼһȥġȾߡûпʦ
ȻǸͰķʶںϵСкܿҲȥҡԼҲҪȥһ˵ԭȻԼʵģӲСƶ֣Ǻӹ˾һı˶ӵпֲӵװԱʣһϿǺӹ˾Ͳ򵥣һȻȻҪδѣ׼׵
ӵɻһذ׺ǹȡذ׵ĲʡӲȺͷɹذ⣬ֽǹĵ˳оһ£һSIG P250ûйߺ죬ԪӳӵȻǳˣûôԪֻǽԪļӳǹеϣӵˣβӵҲһ鷳
룬ǹӳַģⶫŻŻ˾ˣĿǰ˵ʵȻһӲĸذĴΪֻҪذϿӡԪģ𻵣һֱȥ
һΣķԪذϿӡһ˪ġ˵۹˾ʹԪһַͬһЩʿ۹ġףܹףͿףûܹףҪǿܶ࣬һЩЧ
˼壬˪ģԼӳֱɱҿʹذӵɱԪ
ԪԼлһŴԪȻ·պ˿һ㣬ذϿӡһӵʮַķģʼһɹðȵʮֵķĿӡϣԪԪȫ뵽ǷĵУԭͨͨǲʺ÷ޱȵذף˿ڵϾȻǳһ㱡ĵɫΡ
ذ𣬷ǳİһ£ȻȻһӡ
һԵһȪˮƿͱնΣ£ˮ罦أǴ˿̱ذжϵĿȪˮƿȴ۵һµڵϣûһˮΪˮڸղذп˲䣬Ѿ˱顣
Դﵽı׼ذף˵ͷ˵ʵԪмʹã޽ϵƻԪһߵ¥ôһڽ¥飬ذ״ˣ޽߼˿̸޷ȡûԪܶÿ䣬˿̵һǿ󣬵ûеֻҪתԲԪġ
֪еĵҲû㼤䡣
ˣҪԵֵһ£ǾūͣЩʱҪֵ֣ʣµԪֻţҲд㣬ڴ֮ǰƵг˰ʮһֻ󡡣
ϵǮǴǺӹ˾ԱŪģ࣬ǿãϰĵ˵ֻƴСЩѿĸǴӰڵģ漮ǽĳǱػڡ
ûϵ֪һּ򵥵컯Ԫ㹻ֻͨĸײеġ׶󸡯
ʱ򣬵ӻһֱŵֽĿͻȻһ֪ͨŵһͨ
峿зһɱǺӹ˾ʮԱɱϤҲǺӹ˾ĹԱСѾΪAͨκṩԱõ߶


ھ ƾͼ
ŵԼƬ߶ͽûио⣬ȻǺӹ˾϶Ҳˣͨ˿ķҿǺӹ˾ǽԼж
׶󸻹ûϣ֪ԼץʱˣԼڿݾƵ꿪õ֤ͬǴʬϵõģԷٶȹ죬Ҫ˶þܲ鵽
ǰƴСĸȡҧָڸϵһ£һѪӡץסԪ飬Ԫȫע뵽ǸѪӡСԪԪȼߵģҲ;Ϊ㷺ԪԪѾͬʮŵԪˣһ»㼯Ԫ൱ǿ
һ˲䣬ϱֲѪͻȻϷŵֽźʹķǿֲľ¾Ȼǳѣٿֻͱǣգ֮һ˶ߣһ۶𵴣ͨ˿ֱ
ȥͼޱȵƤĸͬСԴһ󣬱ϾȻǳһƬںĹʼ̣ԭצͬ˱죬ʮ־޴ԭĽҲǳ˷צӣſ޴һ£ż̵ͷ׶೤ֱֱۣͬޡ
⡮׶󸡯Ҳˣ˴˾ͬġ׶󸡯ȻûԼͺӴ󣬱ҲԪѾﵽԪ
ôôǿЩզ࣬ͷѪӡǺˣȻԼġ׶󸡯ԼѪҺȻйϵԪ컯ԴȪʵϾһöѪӡǣԪѪȻ컯ҲǿһЩ
ջԼŪһͲˡ
˿޴ĸǰȴʮֹ컯ʩ߾޴ԶʩǾԵҳϣһ֣ʶһ׶ָ̻СֻսʱŻ޴󻯡
һУһ׼㼴ǱǺӹ˾ǵķֲַѾ鵽Ǻӹ˾ִ˾һ·˾ͿԴ鱨
ϵͨѾ»ԭĽĿĻ·ȴĲͨϢʱ⴫Ϊϸ΢죬־Ƶȵذϣһźĵ̺漸û죬ѣ˿̣Լ⣬ʮˣֹˣڸڵ죬ÿţȻķͳ롣
¶һ˿Цݣ벻ôˡ
ӦؾΪץԼAͨԷ˵׼֣ʮ˾֤һǴˡ
ʮҪԸԼȻҲ;ͻһ۴뿪ʮһ¥һȻȥָ߶Ȳʲô
ֻʱ򣬷һȴͻȻ飬üͷһ壬ܶǻ鲣ĲӵһȭͷСĽ۵һǿϣȻ󷴵ڵϡ
һ̣ϰ벿Զ򿪣žһһԲԲ壬оΣϮⶫҲϳˣĸΪԶԼ˺ԼԤС
ֽ𣬻Լǰžžž죬ĸСעͷ·һ㽫䶼˽ȥ˴󲿷СעͷȻһץŴָϡ
ͬӶһ£оЩʹСעͷЯһ㵭ɫҺע䵽
˲䣬͸оһɼȵľ⣬ˣԲֵܵƣ룬϶ͷһεֻڶ̶һӺͻָ
ǿЧʶԷҪʲôȻⲻǾֶΣΪô߶˵˵ǿЧһǼͷǿ׳Ĵ󶼿Ūע䣬˭ֵܵҲԼӵǿޱȵʣ˾Բֵܵ
ȻһֻǺӹ˾ҶԷǿֱӽɶҩǸӱա
ûУȻ׽ԼͻȻðһͷԼҪǺӹ˾ôΪʲôƾͼƣװűһǺӹ˾˶ȻὫԼȥڶԷΪʲôҪ׽ԼͻȻ뵽֮ǰֵԹ飬һԪĽƬƺԼѪҺŷ仯
ѵΪԭ
ֿԺܴԼȥǺӹ˾һˣ뵽һȴûаγָϵͷ˵ϣͬʱɼ⣬ķιܽͣʹģΪԺӡ
ֻǵװΣ¶ԷҽֻҪ򵥵ļһ¾֪ԼǹװģȻˣҪϷһ㣬Ŵ˿̾רҵ⣬Ҳ鲻Լװġ
ոձԪ컯ĸ󡣬ղûжҩͷ˿ҲǱ˺üʣ϶ûԼСʱǺӹ˾Ὣ϶Ҳȥ
һвʮӣžͱƿһȺɫսȫװؾ˽
Ŀ굹ػԣЩؾҲûеģǰ鿴ͬʱ˫סͬʱ߽Ǻӹ˾εԱЩȻؾΪ磬ҪкͿʼ塣һ۾˿ָϵ룬ַƤ˿Ȼȡһ룬ֱӴ뵽ؿµһѨλûлԵˣһ̱Ȼ۵Ľг־ǿҲס˿ûһ˿Ӧ
û⣬ǿЧЧˣֻôһͷ󣬶ȫŪˣˣȥ˷ԸһǼǺӹ˾˾ͽֳ
ʮվ࣬ոձΪAͨ˱ߣ¥£иľ죬Ȼһ̼
ԶһγڣǺӹ˾ǷֲܿһĻЩм˵ߣҲˣҲֻһˣڸ߿ƼҲֻ־ܣҲ½ùǸƷ⼤ֻڵڶάŴڵԹ飬ıӦòҲ㹻鱨һܻһ
뵽ܻˣԼܿܣһ˷ܣǺӹ˾ѾǶ»ĳԱˡ
ȥҪһʱ䰲ԱǸһоڴһͨǺӹ˾˵ʲô¡
Ǻӹ˾ǷֲҪҪͨؿһؿҪʵоƬֻҪǺӹ˾ĹԱᱻֲһоƬֻȨиеװˡ


ʮ 𾪵
Ǻӹ˾ȫ߶˵ĿƼ˾¥ܵԹÿһ㣬ÿһͨȨ޹δȨ޵ĹԱǲ룬¥ﰲװԶδɴ룬ֱܵȨ޲ĹԱҪȨҲᱻ
Щְ֮ǰд˺ͬУκιԱҪأɼϸԾ˼ԴҪǺӹ˾
˿̼ӵи߼Ȩ޵ͨؿʻ¥ĵͣѾʮ߼оԱһͣʹӳ̧һ˷ŵƳϣ¥оҡ
ˣоԱ˼һѺذףһʹȥĴ󡣬ֱֻ˲ͬĵطм⡣
ʵļڣ˿ȻҲӵ֪ͨʵڴ֮ǰѾоһƬϵѪҺҽϸоݺ͵Ǻӹ˾ܲоңڣʵоҲ֡
ԭѪҺŵķ֣ЩѪҺȻûмɣҺ͵ڶάĸƷںϺ󣬻˵Ľ
ǾǵڶάĸƷĳ֣ԭĸƷôǼٵģÿ¡һּ׳档
ԭּ׳ֻһѪҺӴ֮󣬾ȻǻˣˣڵڶԪʳ׳ﾹȻǽһʵҵĽ˸룬뵽һвűʵһһ
ԽڶάĴڴ뵽ʵѪҺóоһоϣ˹ϳѪҺҳԼƷԭ򣬶ʱȻӵ֪ͨﾹȻֱץѪҺЯߣھ
ڣȨ뾡оȫ⣬ֻĸСʱʱ䣬ĸСʱҪ͵ܲоңʱһһֱڳκη֣㶼ֱһ㱨Ƿֲҵڣĳ˵ڴ֮ǰоһȻ㱨Ǻӹ˾»ϰ壬ôĹͽ
ʵң·λܻԼɻڴΪֻҪ붭»ᣬôͻȨעȼߵǿҩע˵޼֮ҩ
ҩÿһ֧۶һԪҪ࣬һ֧ҩ˵ϸǿʮ
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ֺֻڴʵҴŽ˲ʧ١
˿̵ʵڣϺ˵ʮˣоԱҲȫװİԱǰ̨ϣһˡ
˰ţƺڵǽ˵˲䣬ǸͷƤ飬ԷǱǿЧŪ𣿶·Ϊ˱¸Էעһ⣬˵ȷԣҪѹҪʮСʱԺ󣬿ôˣ
ܷӦͬǣһ㶣Ȼǳ㲻ô
Ȼڲ֪ѪҺҲ֪֮ǰͨרעоˣ粻ɵ鼸ûκιġ
ҲΪԾ벻ھȻǺӹ˾оԱ
ҩû˿Чһ·װ˯͵о֮ͻȻ𣬽ΧоԱװԱΡ
ȻҲʶڣԷԼַӦ
ڣȻǺ˽⣬ȻԷ֪Ǻӹ˾ץԼһߵǸˣЦһ·Ѿ֪һץԼжǺӹ˾Ƿֲָӣǰ˾ǣкܶҪ˽⣬֪ԼҪ鱨
ĿɨǸܷӦҲ죬Ǵӻȡһǹͬʱȥ
ſھһɫĽťֻҪ£˾ͻ֪
Ķóѣһͳ嵽ǰָ˲һԷһԵڵء
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ôǣʲôҪԺ˵벻ҪˣȱǮҿԽ㣡ǿ򶨣Ȱ
ȻǽΪΪʲôѵԭŻ飬ȻڷǳΪʲôٶȿô졣
Ȼ˵ϻֻʾԷ£Ȼŵڣһ£֪ûȤ
֪ǰڣԪǸԷлᣬ϶Ҳᰴ壬֪ͨıԱֻԣܲ˵ԷΪֻҪںԼϤǸԸһһԼġ
ڵ˵ͷǲţɣҲıһʽֻҪ£İԱҲһʱ
һСȻҲǿ
ڣҵǿ˵Ķʮϣ࣬һ˲ʮȫװľԱҲڽȫɱҪֻ־ͿԣϣһĻôͰǸťʮ̹ϵ˵ڵͣˡ
һĶȻԷôᷢԼС˵
ƺΪ˽ڵɻһѾǶһǹǹ֮ǰ߰Զĵϣֻ΢΢һ͵
ʲôȡ칦ܣ
۾ɴ󣬵ǽ£ЩгȻǽǹԼ̫Ѩ۶˰
أ
һǹ죬ͷ΢΢һ𣬵ȴǺһ۾ֱˣǰһΪҪɱ֪Էֻ֤֮ǰ˵ĻΪһĻ̫𺳣Ǻ濴һֻʵصǹ飬
ڿҵĹ˵ʵǸн飬ҴֱӽֱӰΡֱԲ˵Ȼûͼ飬ȴ¶һ
㲻٣Ǹ˵Ǹ磬ѵǡڶά磿о֣Ҳ˷ܡ
ȶԷ侲֮󣬲ŽԪһЩ齲ԪǵĩΣĽ³ǣԼͬڽ£Ҳڹ۲ڣԷʲô״ٶҲ飬ϾڲԼʶǸϾϸ˵塣


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οǣȻԼϤǸǲͬĸ壬Ըȴһģһ
ǾǶоѧʵִš
֮ڳĬƬ̲Ŷ۾ⲻǹ¶Ƿ飬˼飬ϾȻ¡֪ˣֲѪҺõڶάĸƷԻΪ㱾Եڶά磬ԲŻֱ仯ЩȾ߲һֻǼʶ塭
ȻĹ뵽˺ܶ࣬ֻܿҡͷԣԣڶά粢һﲢû»ĸҲʮͨܵҲֻһԱ㲻Եڶά硭
Ѵֱʵʲôǵڶά磿
ˣΪ˿Ѿǵһڶά磬ǱʶڶάԪ磬Ҫ֤ʵ
ڿһѽͣۿ
⣡˵ͷԱϵбε˶һֻԤһֲ壬ЩҪСʱϡ
ڣؿ˲֪ٸţһطӦλڵ£һ޴Բν䣬һ
һߴϲľʯӵ棬־ʯϣӡźܶϸС·ĿҲֻǿ壬ϸͻᷢЩ·ʵϲǿھʯ棬ڲ
Ǻӹ˾ʮǰͷֹŹֵľʯһ߿飬ڱֱ߸ͬĵص㣬ǳͷһܳʱоǷ֣ЩʯȻͬһ硣ڵһ仰ץסĺġ
Ǹ磬ǵڶά磬ͬƽһ˵Ǻӹ˾Ҳ͵ڶάܲɷֵĹϵǺӹ˾ҲǴӵڶάУŶԵڶάо룬Ѿܶ飬罫е磬ĳַʽ񵽵ڶάҲ˵ǸƣǽĩռƻԴӣǺӹ˾˲ŵļƻеļĩռƻӱ࣬ŻᱻǺӹ˾Ͽɡһ˵һߴΧڷŵһĻ
ЩȴȻ˵ĺܼ򵥣ȴǷǳֱˣҪǣ֡ĩռƻҲֹһΡ
Ԫѣ˵ģԼڵǡʵ磬ôԼأ
ֻʵһһƷ
һȻǲԸϣȲ˵¿Ŷжߣǽ羵߸Ƶνĵڶά磬Ҳò̫ʵ֣ļͲôͻƵġ
Լ䣬־ûƭˣһģôܶ鶼Ƚˡ
֪㲻ţһʼҲţȴʵǺӹʽͨ߸ʯɹĴͨ˺͵ڶάֻͨͨض룬ǵźһ⾧ʯ޷ʵ緢ЧȴǵڶάһͨʯǺӹ˾ڵڶάﴴ˺ʵһģһ磬˵ĸƷ㲻ţԿָŸղŴ򿪵Ļ˵
̴չȥ˿ȴǿһһ˳ӽǵĻ棬һʵ﹤ǸʵкܶŹֵҪǣ˺ܶ࿨Ƭ
ǵڶά磿ʵڵĻشʮֿ϶ǣҵĸƷӽΪչֵģҵĸƷڵڶάҲһоԱһʨǵ
ͷƤ飬ȻģΪĻĻϣԻίԱᣬСӵȴʻ㣬ƺ˽˳ȥȻ󵽴⡣
ʨǡ
ȷʨǣһˣҲܿ췢ʨǲԼʨǣԼ䵱һʨǵӡ
뵽һֿܣȴǹƽ˵ҵڵڶάĸƷ𣿡
һ̵ͷڼô
ҵˣӵȫı⣬ֻҪӦı룬ͿлκһŵĸƷԷȫȻᷢǵĴڡ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰ˵㲻ǴӵڶάΪӦѾڲŶԣڣԼɣ˵ָ꣬Ļ˵
һĳзＲӽǣӽǵڶʲôҵĺʮԡ
ĸƷӽǣ档˵ʱӽǸպöһ̵ϢǸ̵ﻹһЩӣͨ䣬Ŀӽǵӡ
ֻǵһϳǵȷԼֲڵԼԼڡǰӣ˵Ѿȥ˺ܾãǵһ۾ϳˡ
ªİϬţƤףԪʵһͨĿᣬһʨ򵽵ʵߣһƣ֮ɫǵȷԼ
Ӻը죬һ˵ʲôûȫעⶼ˾Լϡ
ôôᡭ̫࣬ȷνĵڶά磬Լ֮ǰ硣
ǵã˿ĻԼڶһֲ֩룬ҲһΣԼ֩壬֮ʲѷ֮ǰ
ԼûǴʱԼڶϢ֮Ϊֻ֩룬ڳȥ֮󣬾ͱ֩Ϯ
ֳ嶯Ҫ֪ͨĻԼС棬Ϊ˿̣֩Ͷ档
Ȼ֪Լﺰûκôڵܺ˽̸𣿡
һΣղѾ˵ˣͨ⾧ʯȻԴһЩȴ޷˽ϵڶάҲжӦĹֻܿȴʲôˣǹ޷ı䡣
üͷһ壬û˵˿ĻԼҲϢ˲࣬ӳ뿪֪Ͷһֻ֩룬˿ȴʲô
ͬǸʱԼȻСʵ̫ˣ޷ΧΣգ˿ۿĻԼո̵߳꣬ͱϮ֩ͻȻ֣һ÷ǰ̴֫Լ塣
һ˲䣬ҲһһǸоƺҲһʹ
ĻﱻϮҲǷһҽУһ֩һףˤʮ⣬ʱһ߳˼ڳʰĵ࣬˵֩ע⣬˹ȥ˵û
һģһĻ龰ԼʱľֱһģһôᣬѾ飬Ϊʲôص㣬ʱ䣬νĵڶά硣
ôᷢʲô˱Լ᲻Լеһһâȥ


ʮ Լ
һ̣ͻȻǽڵڶά緢飬Լ֮ǰ̫ƣ˵һģһⲻһֻɡ
ɺϣԼνڶά硣
ǳ󵨣ȴĿǰ뵽Ψһ𰸣Ͼ˿ڵڶά࣬ǲ֪ԼǸƷһ仰˵ǵ˼ڵʵ磬ƹôͬԼԪ磬νĵһ硣
ˣڶΪڵʵģǣ˭֤һ㣬ͻȻһ翴ĵӰһŶΣһȺΪǵˣ˿Դ͹һǸʵǽ񣬿Ǻǵ˷֣Լڵ磬ʵҲһ˴磬ĳкƵϵ۵ӽǿǡ
ϸ룬ʵǶôֲ飬ֵ߸һй֪Դݻһеġ뵽һֿܵʱҲǸо󱳷㱣ܿ죬ͻָ˹
̫飬־ΪͣڵֻҪȷ¾ͿԣԼǴڵģж˼άһҪһǣԼκʱʵƿؾĹؼЩﱻ˹͵Ķ䣬˿ƿôͬ˲Ϳ־塣
һҲǹŻƳġСʲô飬κ˾Թرġ
뵽˿һԹߵ̬ŵڶά緢һС
ĻԼͼһײײһ¥һ£Ȼȡ˿ˡ
Ȼ˿Խͨƣȴ޷ⶾ
֩ĹǿĶأȻڶάԼ˿Чһ˵Ѿ޼ƿʩֻ̱ϣ㱣ڻ䡣
һĻ۾һ̣ĵȴҪᷢʲô
һ룬룬롭
ĻһƬڿ˿רעȻҲûпֻڼһ£ʾǸ״
ԿѾֹͣƽ
ˣһȣȻ֪ڵڶάﵽΣգÿʱÿ̶û뵽һ̣һǰ˵ڶά
ָоǳ֣ͬڤڤѾעһ
һĻвΪʲôڵڶάʲôûзѵԼû
ֻεģ޷̽⵽
ͻȻ֮䣬ðһ뷨ͻȻ֣ԼͷԼʶ弤ǿ̬Ȼ˫ĿĻȻͷųһʶȥ
ʶεģֻһ˿һȻĻϣ˲䣬ĻԭڵһƬȻһâ
һ̣ĻͻȻըĵҲ˲·һЩϷžžĻ𻨣˲ʱһƬڡ
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ڣȥɣ˵ղŷʲô˭˵ʹȻ˵ڶάԼǵԼôԼԼ
˵ԼԼղһ£ǾǽԼʶ뾧ʯ趨ʱ䡣
һʼδºʮȻĽڶά羹ȻһΪһά״һһصѷ֮ǰ
Ǻӹ˾ǸĸƷղģȴǸһԪ硣
Ԫ磬Ǻӹ˾ļأǺӹ˾Զ֪Ĵڡ
˿̲֪Կ׵ˣʵԼ
ĿǰΪֹΪԼһǳҪ飬Ǿ˳ĽȥԼ֮ǰʶ뾧ʯƵ磬ҲԼĸ֪֪⾧ʯԲ򵥣Ѿһ龧ʯԼĶ
ûضļƻԵȥԼ⣬˽һ¸Ⱦߵ
ΪʦЩȾߵС
һԵڿ˿̩ȻͻȻðһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ղһǷʲô˵ʵڿڶάġƷҲǴһ֮һʲôŵ˸ղŵ¹ʡ
ûʣΪһָоԼȥʣԷҲ˵
һҪ弶ܵȨܽ룬ֻļܣԡʱ˵
һˣ弶ֻһǾ֮ǰԼελڷʵң˿ʮ˶ţֶΡǸ弶ڶԷһһһ˹
̷һ˿־壬Ȼ֮ǰӡܲбڲûп½ļоƬȻֽ֪ʮ˵ԴӲ飬ٽֲԹֱĿֲ
㡭ҪʲôҾ㣬Ǻӹ˾˺ңԲܻųȥȻӺСϾλãѾǾԵӮңɹߵĵ䷶ǮŮլȨƣҪʲôʲôʣӵһУȻΪˣʲôûˡ
ȻúϻԷƺǿͨ˵һϣӦǽܹĳǿĸ죬ֻһֻϺһֻ΢ǿ׳һЩ֮ǰ
ȥǺӹ˾弶ܵλãӦһˣ֪Ҫʲô֪ҪʲôҲ֪ԼӦôסֻһλᣬκε춯֣Ҷһʱɱ㡣ŶԷ۾һԼʶܸЩ̱ڵϣѾڶԷΪ־ӡеʱ˺£ȷһֿ˵ֶΡ
ӺɫЩ԰׵ܴ룬ƽʱһй칫һЩ󣬸ˣһļڣһǴűսֳǹеźɫͷòˣȻ˶Ϊһ
λڵ£ʵǺӹ˾¥ֻһС֣Ĵ󲿷֣ȫ޽ڵ£˵µĽѾﵽķ֮һ˵һڵµĳС
ڵϵˣȻ֪ǽ£ôһ硣
ͨһ˽뵽˽һǺӹ˾˽ˡ


ʮ ̫
Ȩߵ弶ܴ·һ·˵˳ޱȣҲʶǺӹ˾һЩʵϵĽȻȥɭϣɺǱܸߵĹ˾ѣ£ǿɾǽȻͬİȸ߼ľ»ء
ֻҲû©Ȼڵ磬ôҪӴͨϵͳͬʱͨܵҲǷǳӴ󣬵ͰķʶںһǸСкǴͨܵߵģһǵһǣ˿ٴͨܵߣǳ˵Ρ
Ǻӹ˾ļҪѺŵľǡȾߡȾȻоֱǹԱȴǺ٣һϣ֪ġȻǺӹ˾һЩ档
һŵ沣ķ⣬ġ
ԷڵϣƺϢǸһԷı֮ûˣҪ˯Ҳֻڵϣ˿ʱأò˵ӾԳƵĥ
ͨ沣ԺĿֻ˲ܿ棬ǰһۣ˵һۿȥһֹŹֵĸоΪǰԼ
Ȼ֪ϸ˵ǰԼۼǲһĸо
ǸʱԼԸ񲢲ͣһų˵һ׼ͨˣѻججΪƶƴеʱҲռһЩСˡ
ԼΪ͵͵˾һ߼صĸƷûؼңŻ֣֮Ҳ̰ǵĻ
ļԱ˿̿ǵܺоҵܶˣ
㱨һ弶͵͵һֻ˿սͷ飬֪ԼڵСڶԷԷȻȻǹôԼô˵϶û⡣
ǼԱȡһݼ¼㱨϶һЩͨļ¼аԷʱļ¼
˵һʱһԱƺΪֺǵܣȴǴȤһ˵٣ʱĹ۲죬һȤ顣
źͷûκαʾǸֻüϷʵʲôȤ飿
ӻװӣʵһ㶼ģֻԼС
ԼĶͷ˾ӣԱǼǷ֣ľ⡣
ʲô⣿弶һ㶣ʲô˼
ǻһо񲡣Ȼ˵˵ӵо޴ޱȵս̤ƽһУǸԱԴЦ⣬Ȼ͵ˣ֪ܲʲô˵ģ֮ȤǣеʱһЩȾҲô˵һʼһȾʱôЩȾеʱᾫңõʱһһǱеöˣһ˻þΪԼʲôƨ
ȷǺܸЦЦЦֻ˵꣬һ
ţ
˵ģ˿䣬Ȼһ˿ŭ⣬һǸоһͷˮͷһ㣬ﰵԱ죬֪Ǹɱ϶ŵйϵҪȻô᳤һһԼʱȡԷ
Աæȳǻţ
ǼԱλ߼ΪʲôŭæŴ򿪣ڵϵġȻ˿ŵĶ̧ͷ˿ȴûһ˫۾Ѫ˿ãȻ
еĸȾ߶̾˿˵
ȻղǼԱĻһִȾУ϶ʶԼˣ򲻿ܿġԼΪ
ƺţֻԪ˲֪Ȼˣ˵пʦġԼһ۾ͿԷȻ˺̼ܶĥǸԱ˵ûЩˣϾġֻһͨˣﾭһУҪ˵һ㾫Ҳ̫ܡ
һԱڷʩЩˬҲҶʣֻհ졣
һ˱˹Ůǳˣͳһٻɫ󲿷ֶһãȻֻһ߳һװˣΪ׳˶ĺӲ
Ļ쵰ſңǵôԴ˵ʿìַſңһһһЩСĳӳһ·ߣ⺺һ·УȻŵԲȣǱԱǿ
Ӵ˿̿ηġ۾һæŶԷΪʲôɱЩļһǿ˲֪͵ʿҲʮֳݣǰٹ˶㣬ЩСļһЬʸûУΪʲôѡĬì㶯ǿңì˵ģ᳹׳㣬Ϊɱ˵
ش⺺ӵģ桮ĳĬԼΧסЦ⡣
Ҫ˵ЩȾ߸ûκоļֵֻһȺ񾭲ѣֻеĲһЩеһЩڣоܣ֪ЩȾʲôоɹϾȾ֣ҲǸģֻһȺҩɾȵ񾭲һְλܵļܴ˿˵ڿо
ֻûпǸ弶Ҳû˵ΪǿսͷߵǸǰȻץ⺺ӵ˵ſ
ЩףһһİԱƾʲô﷢ʩ
弶ܵĻȴܲˣԺĻҵĻǸȾߣ
Σֻ÷ſǺӣڶԷϻҲǳʲôӡ
ǺǰȥΧˣǷŭʲôֶΣȻҽСҵǶųⲻһսʿӦõֶΡ
˵꣬ηȻǰڵϣŲǿߣǿߣìһο㶯֣裬ìܼܣһѪԼ
˵꣬ӾȻһͷڵϣڼӲĽһѪӡ⺺ûͣ£ǼһһεĿͷƺĿеǿ߽ȣӦĻ裡
ЩܶһЦƺڿϷһ㣬ġȻ⺺ӵľٶġ
Ѫϣȴ˲
֪ԼʲôȻҲ͹⺺Ӹţ⺺ӣȾеʱҲôԼһԼǡԼҲΪеʱԼҲϣǿǸǿߡʵǲпģһԼȲ˵ˣôȥȱˡ


ʮ 
ذϴ˵죬ѪѾȾǸӵĶͷڿĸͣʱһϱãȻ֮ɫĸȾߣ΢΢һǴĳֻѹȻҲͻȻһìʲô
˵꣬ȻȻȥԲеĺײ
ȾһŮԣʮ꣬ĸǴſҲģһͷ򵥵һβһ˫ԭã۾˿̾ȻǱüΪ
һԵȻҲע⵽ŮԣӶԷĲͶԼУһֵӰ
ײڵص׳˿ҲͷѪע˿ڣȴӰң˵ƻһ壬Ϳа»㲻УҲĥ
ǱӰŮԴ˿̾˿ûټŤͷڵһ޴ĿɿڴġӦҲһһ˼ʶΪһǿߣʼ㣬
ܲˣֱ̫ЦˣϷѧԺҵİɣݼ治治֪˾ΪʲôҪôǴЩǸȾߣôȾһһֲ񾭲һܴ˿ڿǺӹ˾ڵĹϸǵĹǿܸȾߣȷȾߵİȫʱṩооһŲ֪ԲŻڿ࣬ȻҲмڣ͸¶һ˿ڷ磬ЩȾߣҲͺˡ
ֻϧڸŤͷ弶ܵչ˾Ĺ涨ҪȷȾ߲ˣȻһ
һ߳ŭû뵽ھȻᵱڸ״̨˵ʲôȥȴ弶ǰȻֱӻȭҪͬʱﻹ㻰࣬˾ЩȾ߶ȴҿԲжֹҿǲˣ
ܴ󾪣ʶҪܣ弶һȭӳƺû׼ͷȻ˸գͬʱһȻʧȥƽһǰȥ
˭һ⣬Ϊôֻһɺϣʱǰüͷһ壬ٿǸ弶ܣڵɲǾȻȻ˫۳ŵףǰһԾֱԾ׿⣬Ծǰһţ˲ֻǰһɫťһصĽźȻ£ڡ
һֻǷգ֮䣬˷Ӧʱ򣬽Ѿ£弶ܾȻͣ񱼣弶עǿҩʹˣܿͨڶբţͬť½բ
ͬʱ˴̶ľ
ûжղ˼һЩ飬Ǻ˶Էû뵽ԷȻװʧȥƽ⣬Ȼ󿿽ڣٹؼʱͻȻԳͨٶȳȥբš
ò˵Ļ͹ҲܳΪǺӹ˾弶ܣȻûһƲ硣
һ£Ǹ弶֮ôΪԷ֪Լʵ֪Լơ
⾿ô£ʲôǸһĿɿڴѹ֪ԼѾڻˣǸ弶ѡӳȥʱ򣬾ѾеˣΪԼһܿ϶ἤŭǸɱ˹ˡںֻںԼʲôϵ
˿弶ܳȥ˾»صװԱٶˡ
٣´װСӵĶӳ˿̳弶Ǻӹ˾˽ʵǺӹ˾ںܶط˵Ƥأѵӣϸ˵Ǻӹ˾ѾһңֻһعңֻҪǺӹ˾Ը⣬ͷǿƾԼԸκһطһս
弶ܴ˿һδǼΪ֪ԼӳˣȻҲ֪ƾЩװԱǻκβǸɱҵȨޣCҪǰȫܷһ˳ҵ˼ף
Ȼû˵弶ܵ˼һȫɱ⣬ӳհ졣
Ǻӹ˾һܣֻļܺľ˲֪Ǻӹ˾δսҪ˸֪ЩĴڡ
ڵ»صĳһŽӴ˿̷˺죬ÿһӶߴϣֱ͹ޣ涼бţC1C10кܶϸһĹЩϣǰһŵƣ˿ɺɫɫӵĲ򿪣¶Ķ
涼һε壬ҪȫŽ֣ƤͬӲһʵأѪ͹һ˫۾Ȼųɫ
Щһ߳˽ޣȻǰͨȥ
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弶ܺԥ߹ָ棬ֻ֪ǸһģһɱжֲֻҪԷҲûá
Cɱ¾ߣÿһսɱ˵սӣһЩװ׳Ƕ£ǿױȵƻи֪ʹִֻ֪ǳΪ޵еı
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Ȼ¹ܻ뷨ȥ˾Ķ»һ£Ͼһʧ˲ٹ˾ĹԱļܡ
ҲܲôˣһֱȫܽԷˣҪص档
źһк弶ܴʮصϽֻܸһ㰲ȫС
ֻǾڵǴ򿪵һɲǣͻȻɨһӰһ̣弶ܾ뵽һƬڰУһ˲䣬ƺһʮӴĸڵſڣԷͷϣƺճѪ
۾ԶԼūͻЩкȽ豸׶ԼѪ컯Ҫ־¿ǲɵ顣


ʮ 
׶󸱻Ǻӹ˾ҲһʵңִﵽԪӵһǾǿıͣԱָ߶ȳشﵽһֵľ͸󡣬СʱǿԱСָСᱻӣڽǰͿ׶Ǳڳڣ弶ܸոմӵͱɱ
Ѿ֪Ǻӹ˾ľ󲿷ֹԱ֪»صĴڣϾڵ»̫Υзɵ鷢Ҫ»ҲǳѣǺӹ˾ļܡ
Ǻӹ˾ȼܣԱΪ˼Ȼ߼ֻһˣǾǹ˾ϰ壬»ϯǶ»Ķ£ǶǸܣ߼ܷ룬Ƿֲڸ͸Ҫеķֹ˾֮ǰǸ弶ܣǵܣƹʵңļܣ滹ܣµĶǹԱġΪͨһԱ
Ȼ˾нҲͼйϵֽһĹģʽȻҲЧģʽȻͨһͶԱǲ֪˾Ļܣ»صĴڣֻдﵽСܲп֪ȻҲڵ»ְģǵ潨ܣҲ֪ͬ»صĴڣֻļܲŻ֪һЩܡ
Ǻӹ˾
һȥʮӴʵϱҪӴʮٱһ֯
ڵĽ˽˾˵ļܣҲûм»ˣ˵Ǹصϰˡ
˿ڱյĽȻ˻ȨΪΨһǹˣļܴ˿ҲǱסˣǸղſۿǵĶͷ˾һϷȻܣǰ˺ɫİť
ְťһ£»ض״ֻ̬ΣյľزſԺɫťһյ»أǸ޷뿪
Ƕ弶ôȻΪеֵڿɾǸսͷİԱ
ֲ֮ǰǸо弶ЩԾƺԱ˵ʲôܶȻⲻ弶ܵԸ֮ǰǲô£֪ˣǱЮģ֮ǰǲòϷץסһԥˣյ
ǲûҲֻǵ֮ĶͶԷԶֱʮǧǶԷ¶ﱻǻǳԴ˿̾Ȼǳİ
ղŴ󳳴ֵĺӺǸӰĸȾҲסˣ֪ʲô
еĸȾ𣿡ӸղžʶȾ߽̽飬ûзֿʦʶȾȻͰķһʶĳںϣǸԳìĺں϶ߣԼѾǿ˼άҪһ㣬ǸӰʶں϶ǽìҶ˵һˡ
ҹɭ֣һߵȾ飬ҹɭֶߣºҲҹ飬ȻӰҲ߲У뵽
һ֮ǰӳȥˣץĵϸֻӲͷƤ˵ڳڱǸ뿪ǲҪŭˡ
֪Է˵Ŀ϶ǰķں塣
뵽ķҲ֪һ﾿ܵʲôطȻķʶûгںϣԺܶȱʧԼ˭ûȷ
ֻͿʦһķһҪһġ
ʱ洫һŹֵ춯·ʲôڵߣ൱޴
ܿ𣿡һǸܣһ£æͷһԵһмĻԿһЩ
ֻǵǸܿǼߴӰɫɷס
ǡɱ¾ߣ찡˾Ȼɱ¾ߣˣЩһɱײϣѵ˾Ƕ𣿲ҲܿĻЩӰЩ
ɱ¾ߣҲһۣȴǿ˼߳ϣ֫׳ž޴ֵĹ
Ǻӹ˾ܿսһ֣ǸݵڶάһЩĻϸ̳ģȻûгѾӦʵĻսǵıԳǧ״ݻٺ˺װ׳ܶıƤԵֵԶǹûʹϵͳȫԿơһڵɫҲʮѿȻ֪Щĵϸ
Ҳһ֣ʱѾûȥǼȾߺηġ
ҵĽܣ뿪һɱ¾߿϶룬Ҫ϶Ǹܴ˿̿˵
ЦһһƺƲνɱ¾
ʱĽŻ򿪣Ȼ˴ɱ¾߽ǻߵſڣŽŴ򿪡
һˣΪܺ˶пϲԷ翹һˣһʼԷͱɱ¾߻ɱôҲӦòᱻ˾ϾһЩ˾ҪЩ
ȻΪ˱ⲨЩ˻ʶĺˡ
֪ϵûжٵģʵҲǱԷвȵģǱʶھȻǾԼӦվڶԷһߣΪԷǸ£ҲΪ֮Щ˼ı֡
ȻһԼܺ˳ΪѣôҲԣǺӹ˾Ҳ;˾Ұ̫󣬹Щɱ¾ߣҪʵ壬Ȼͬ
˭ȻһսʿսʿηˣǱͷѪìɵĺӰ¶һ˿â
źܿ챻򿪣һɱ¾˽׶ߣǿѹһУǰһϣһָͿ
ǵõɱˣڴ˿ǰվһ
𣡡
һͨ˶Ĥĺɱ¾﷢ֱӳһȭ
һȭž޴ɱ¾ߵȭͷǶһƻһȭԽһұ⣬˵ϣǱըһ̷飬Ƥѣɽ
һȭûѡܣͬȻһȭ
һǷӣԶ˿ľٶвԼͬðôһͷɱ¾߶Թⲻǻô
Ǻܿ죬Ǿͷ鲻չ
ȭ̫죬쵽޷׽Ķһ̾žһǸӴɱ¾ߵ˳ȥڵϣ˿δȭľҳһСͱըϵսͷ̱ķ顣
˶ӣ⣬֮⣬˶Ŀɿڴš


ʮ 
ֳһģһһǳ֮ʼδ飬ǶԷǲ˼Ȼһȭɱ¾߻ɳȥõĿԿǱɵɱ¾ұǾ޴𶯺˿ڣ۶ϣֱһȥȭͷָ鲻ұǷˡ
ɱ¾ûʹһԽԷ
ߣ·ͷ֮⣬ûһ˺ۡ
𾪵ìӰǺߣҪǰߣ˿̿ǰǸӰʶһ¡
⣬
ֶصǸӰԵţȷһ㣬֮ǰìΪǸˣȻӦǼٵġ
ìȻҲ뵽һ㣬һţ̷Ӧͷ˿ڵǸǸֿ˿ǰģ૵ˣǸҳȥҸ
һ䣬Ǻġ
ʲôͷҲصķһ䣬ìˣȷԼͨ˵޷ѣȻһ仰ӳݡ
㻹ǵӰҺì˱Ҫİ㣬ǲ֪˭ûԪʲôûУʧȥԭ԰ǻظع鵽ԭ壬ҺìԸΪūͣģӰ֪Ը񣬶ԷúˣҪöԷæͱнĶ
ûоܾһӰǵֻˣìӰ϶ǣһ˵۹ʿĬĬеϣҲܲܣһԼй飬ҲѣҲ뵽һֿԿ԰ЩȾ߻ָһ
ؼһ龧ʯϣ֮ǰʶ뾧ʯȻֻǺܶݣʵȴǶԾʯһ˽⣬һʯͷڶάġʵϾ£ʶھʯ¸һ硣
Ȼֻ˲䣬ͱʯųǳɹˣһҪǾʯԲôףĸоһ龧ʯƺԼʶηͬÿ϶Ч
Ϊ;ʯйʶӴƶϣȡڶάڵìӰĻݣȻ︴ƳĳҩìӰã벻Ч
ȻЩʱֻȷһţΪɱ¾ֻ߲һ
ûлشӰ߳˴򿪵ţ棬оŸɱ¾ߣЩɱ¾ߵѾﵽı׼ҪǼûԪ֧ţЩɱ¾ߵʵҲ˿ۿֻۣڵûԪ֧ţҪɱһЩﻹʮɣֻ֪ԷʲôֶΣսپ
ȻǣԭͣȻȻ󣬸ͷһͷֹÿһ鼡ⶼֲͣʧУԼоġս̬ûԪֻӳٷ֮һٶʮôٶȽɱִ߶ֶ߿ٷ֮٣Ȼִ߻Ҳķһܳʱάȥ
ʮ㹻ˣһȻȻ۾˿һɱ¾ߵȭͷֻв׵ľ룬һת߳ȥһţͬһ㣬ɱ¾һɨΣ޴۶ϵײɳȥʮףȻصڽǽϣӡһƬѪۡ
ͬʱ˫ŵŵأͬһɱ¾ߵУʼ˽ÿһιԽɱ¾ߵƻڽϿ˵Ǵʦĸ֣ûԪûпƬǿ壬Ҳһɱ
һɱ¾Ҫ˫ȭȴվȻֽɱ¾ߵļϣԵֵͨӵƤͼ⣬˫ǰͬһűֽһ
ʮӲʣµɱ¾߾Ѿȫɱڵһբź͵ڶբ֮ѪɣذϣǽϺ컨ϣɱ¾ߵѪ⣬ͬһֲ׳
Ǻӹ˾ΪCɱ¾ߣܡ
Ļϣɱ¾ߵĹԱ齩ӲǲŸղʮڷ飬սǧʮɱ¾ߣȻڶ̶̼ڱɱ˸⡣
⡭ʲôһԱͰ͵˵ϵѾԳƵǹˣϾôĶ֡
ϱܣͬʱϱ»ᣬУϽ߼ĸ룬ԲǸӳһһͷ亹æ
ܿҾ͵õڶ»׸ǵ»أ߾伶ͬʱ򡯡
ĲٹԱһŪˣǰǶ֪һȴͷһ˵
һĹԱŤͷǵʵ٣ǡ
ֻû˵꣬ԴͱһӵһڴС˿ڣԽһء
ʣµļԱըˣǹ˺Ȼǵܣ˿̶Էֳһǹ
ǸǿģҪִеһҪ֪ˣǣԲλ˵꣬ǹԼ²ҽкУȫɱ
һУܲŴҵһԣһ
ʱĵ绰һǱ鹧Ľ
ǵѾִлǵģһжķԸû˻֪﷢飬ȡһ£ʲô˼Ȼʲôһ㵣һֻ̣ͻȻصһ±ըȻ󣬵Ŷ£ҲܵİԴը顣
һ̣»صĵͣڣȻҲ˽
Ӧ豸Ҳʮƣͣں󣬻ӦϵͳȻҪϵͳһЩԵЩ谵
֮ǰѾһصɱ¾ʬ壬ĿֲսһµʶìӰҲզ಻ѣҲ۹⣬ɱ¾ߵʵԺԪһᲢۣգ֮佫ŸɱʵԪҲ
ͻȻֹͣӦлӦԴ
Լ֮䣬ĳֽբŹرյϣɫ䣺ãǶ߼ĸ򣡡
ǸƺҲ֪ʲôͬɫɷףͬʱ¶һ˿ˣȻ̫ʲôںܵӣԲʲô¡
ȵڽߵȼ򽲽һ飬˵ҲˣЩͨļܺͼŵıԱɪɪǶͨˣ֪Ǻӹ˾ȻֶΣԽ»س׷õǳʮֺĺϽְΪ󣬱㿪ʼ񶾵Ǻӹ˾ĸ߲㡣


ʮ յĻ
ڼǸԽǺӹ˾ɱ֮ЩǺӹ˾ĹԱȻҹֻܽŭйǺӹ˾ϡ
Щļһȥᡣڵ»ر׷պ͸룬ҲԾǺӹ˾ĺ͹ϣȻǺӹ˾ĸ߲Ѿ֪Ҳȷжϡ
Ȼ֪ƾܶԸԼǺӹ˾ҲǷǳֲ̰ԸԼ뿪Ѿ֪ԼѪҺԽڶάĸƷǺӹ˾˵ԼѪҺ޼֮Ǻӹ˾Żȡûв´Ǻӹ˾Ӧʱ䣬ӦиǿֶֻԼԼ
ӦþǺӹ˾⡣
˭Ϥͷһ䣬ڵ»أҲֻ֪һЩƤë
ЩȾûӻشģһĹԱҲ֪Ǹһˣ֪ڹ˾Ѿǣַոһ£Ƕܶǣ˵»ֲ̫˵Ҫͱı·
ûԸҲһΪ˻˾˾Ҳûǵһ£Ҳջ顣
ǰģһһѡ񣬹ǶԷɱɱ¾߾֪Էж˵Ǻӹ˾ѡո»أΪˡ
˵֪ҪֻˣҪԼϤԼʱΪԷҪȥͱԼ߳ҶϤҪȥҪͨĸÿһϽբţĴﵽʮ֣Ǹһ֮ǽͻƣһҹĹԱ˵һգըҩҲըЩϽţ
˶Է֮⣬ȻԷ֪һЩ
㻹֪ʲôһ䡣
һţǰҽĲСԾУҺҵһСǺѣһԷһ˵»صķϵͳһ̨ƣַոҲһܽĻӦÿԽĿǰķ
ò˵ĲһˣͽԼļֵֵ쾡£ЩĿɿڴȣĲֶҲܹϵˣҲΪܡ
˵ͷƻУǺӹ˾ͻȻյ»ҲЩʼδֻǼ򵥵ķһţԼֶο׵ĻȥǺӹ˾ϵһ㣬һǽطһأһֶΣʱҲòʵ
Ҳд㣬ŵ»϶и߼ĹԱִ˷ո󣬻ͨ뿪ص棬׶ΨһĳڣֻҪ˴̽ƣȻԴӶԷҵͻƿڡǵãûһ˴ӵ»ȥ뵽һֿܡ
Ǻӹ˾ӦΪ˱»صĻй¶Ѿ˴ãЩִ˷ոǱתֻǱڣ֮ǲǸ뿪ˣԼҲҵͻƿڡ
Ǻӹ˾·õڶֿԸ
һԼ׶þͻǺӹ˾֪׶ĴڣȥץϾ˵һѵõоȻöԷóѣԼҪ׽һЩϤ»عԱļƻϤұԷƻԷҲץ׶󸡣
˵ʵһʼЩСǺӹ˾ˣԷĵ֮ǿԼ֮ǰû뵽ģˣֻ¿ˡ
ĲĻûвţҲûȫţǿԳһ¡
һߣָĲ˵ߴϲȻܸˣļҲܶࡣ
۷˻ȥһѾӵվǸ˿̣ԷҲڿ
˵òһģһֻһЩϸڻǿԿ𣬲˵ʣĲɣУҪȶԷ̫࣬ϾҲ̫࣬ԪʱѾɱ䣬ǰȴûɱǰԼһͨ˶ѡ
Һ˵仰ǵ棬ìӰҽǵĳȾߣǻָԭļãҲûõߡ˵߽꣬ηҹš
˿̣һң˸֪˵ʲôֻ֪ʮӺŴ򿪺ǸҪۺܶɫɷףͬʱ߬ȭͷ
ղڷ½˵˳˽Լ˾ԼԼˣȻҲӦԼûʲôȻҲ֪ǸʱԼ㣬һ㼤ڿǸʱԼ̫ˡ
߳һ仰û˵ֻǳڵڣҲߡ
ڵ˵ͷȻ֪˼֮⣬ʮˣ󲿷ֶǺӹ˾ĹԱЩȻϣһǣЩҲûκüֵ
Ǻӹ˾ԥ
Ҫ˴ϣı͵ĲΪԼȡһʱˣֳԼļֵܴϱ㳵ֻĽû֪
գ뿪һˣֱڡìӰĲԼȫЩ˵Ҳ뿪ǵ֪У»ѡ񡣶ɻججĸȾȻʶں϶̫ͣ޷ìӰһʱڻظ䡯ҲֻܽǷ
ˣԺǽС⣡ʱ˳ƺ⣬ͷһ䣬Ȼǵͷ
Ҫ뵽»صҪͨ򣬶֮ȻѾϽբŷʵϻͨģֻͨܵһЩΪ֪ͨȻϤĲ򵼡
ΪһǸСȾߵ飬˾ƺ͸ͨܵеڶ˻еͨܵ˺ܼܶһ㲻ܱƻҾĻҪƻЩӦûŶԣĲάһûɶ飬ڨЦһƹһӣְһӣŲһСԿףͨܵĻеȡ¡
ֻǿһ۾ҡͷǺӹ˾޸˹ܵĳߴ磬ҺӰԴЩͨܵǼǺѣܵĳߴ̫СˣСĿռӦӵһĹܵж೤
Ĳ룬Ҫһףܻࡣ
ȻޱխͨܵһףһҪͨܶڣҪֱУ֪Լ֮⣬ûķںϵǸСкΪСԲǿͨ˳ȥͬŵϣͱ˲ܡ


ʮ 棨һ
ҲӦ˹һΣȻͨܵ뿪һ·вͨ
ʱƺоʲô̧ͷͨܵȥһĳڴȻðһɰɫ
ǶͫһһԵڿӦȻҪǴʧɫ̺ߣǧ񾭶һҲԽѪҺԣﵽһƻҪٶ
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˵һץͽĲһŵٶȳ˳ȥ
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ĬĬʱ䣬һһأܳʮ룬ǾΣˡ
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죬ǿǱߣʲôһȻʲôָһ򾪿ֵ˵


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һĻֲ̫Ѿ񾭽Щӻ겻ңһ˿ҵİȫС
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أˣ˻һ˹ȻѸ٣ǰ׹ھҲˡ
СģйŹ֣ˣȻҪ˳֮⣬˼Ϊ


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ͨˣԲЩĶ֣ܹѵֱҲС
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˿̼϶ʪܵģƿĵطԷãûжȻ϶С
кܶʣҼ·ˣĲ¿ȷǴ˿ڵλá


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˼壬ṩ»ԱϢģϵͳմˮ߳˸ƿͷˮܵڣͿĿһĻ
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˿ܣȴǾЩԾǹʱ䣬ҲӦкܶ˲ŶԣЩ˱ɱȻΪļƶϣӦкܶ˹Ŷԡ
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ѾԿӣֳƵʽ̱ǹǽǣȻҲŷߺҹǡ
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аȻûпԷĳ࣬Ѿоųɰտȷİ͹µŮ˾á
һɱ뵽Ԫã뵽ϼϧϣɯ֪ǹôȻҲ֪Լûа취ٷԼϤǸԪ硣
ӷһʶĻر⣬Ϊ֪ôȥҲ֪ܻܲȥ뵽п޷ٻصԼϤ磬޷ԼİˡѺͻ飬͸оһ˿ֲϢ޴롣
ֻΪʶǳǿͼָͣоһֱѹȥܿúָоֱӱ˳


ڶʮ Ҵߣ
վϸ˼⣬ǰһʲô֪ôһֻʱܵ⣬áɽǰ·߻οԼ
侲֮ŻָƽЩ벻ͨͲҪ룬ֻͽա
ʱֳҲֵŮԼ򵥽˾Ů̧ͷ˻ڷһۣҲҴߣʵһݣ֪ʲô
˵꣬һ˱ǳ㣬˫ֱͷ
ʱҲǸոջָƽ֪ǰǸŮԼãҲԼϤǸãֻǲ֪Ϊʲô
ȻһЩ⣬Ϊ˸ûж֣ǰնԷĻ˹ȥͬʱʾԼû
˿ŵ·öʪյģȥʮǱҺȻûЯκһ˽ȥǽߣһ£Ȼһûơ
˭
Ǻӹ˾ĹԱ
ֻһˣ
滹мˣҪǶн𣿡
һһֵĺȻӶԷķӦ֪Щ˲Ǻӹ˾һģ滹ˣȻһ㶣ܿ͵㺰ǽ˲Ҫֻܿǹ
Цŵ˵ͷȻԷδػῴЦݡ
溰һڵ˾˽Ȼͬʱиʣֻ´ڸúƵ޷´ָԸı˻ᷢ֡
߽Ҳ̱˸ƣ󱻴һ䡣
˭ǹ˾ıԱҿǹ˾ܣǵĶӳңĲڱСһ̻⣬æ
ʱѾ˽⵽ԷԷװԱһ⻹ĸװԱбǴǷжϵģܴһƫĸװԱһ
˿ֳԶװԱˣĲĻԷ죬ҰǸ˵ڿ
ĲˣԷһвò˵̫ˣͿ˶﷭˵ڿ㣬ζ̫ˡ
ԷķӦһӡ֤һ⣬ǾЩŷߵװԱǺӹ˾ˣôЩ˭˼⣬ԺûͷӬһֻҪ뵽õݣôЩ˵ǾҪ֮ˡ
;ˣѾжϣȻǺӹ˾ҲǺѾ˹ٷע⣬ҪȻҲսСӻ뵽»أȻôģĿʲôͲ֪ˣǣǺӹ˾յ»أΪԼΪЩˣ
ȷǷǳȤһʣһʼ;ó׷»أֻΪ˲׽ԼʵǶ̫ˣôǺӹ˾յ»صԭ򣬻᲻ΪЩˣҪֹ뿪
ôЩһʲôҪĶ
Լַëˣϲ˼룬ʵЩҪʲôԼûйϵΪãڶڵϱƵ˺Ϳƾ˾Ҫߵһˡ
ʱһ죬лһЩֲ˻УƬ̺֪ôˣղŵǹӦ˲ٳˣЩǴ˿ٱܵĶ
Ƭ̺Ҳֲ춯һֳǹеװԱڶ¥һ⿴ȥɫ԰ס
д˹￿
˾ҳһţȻװСǶӳĴڣȥŴڣͬʱҲһһӣĸװԱ
ЩҲŷߣԭĲӴ޵ʣʲôߣʳˮ֮ĶҲսһա
ݶӳʲôˣĸװԱ˿̿ˣһͷͺòʵƺһ˿ɺ͵ġ
Ҵߣò䲻ȵĻһ䡣
뿪֮ǰԼǵñ֪дܱԼģǲù˾֪֪ԵġҲû񱣻ǣҪȷǵİȫǸͺͷߵǰüΪǻ˵
ǣǰ⼸ô£ǹȥǵĵططôʳҲ࣬ǻҪıЩɵˣƾʲôղһֱͺеһŮ˴˿üɤ˵Ů˴ųȹʽְҵװŸ߸ЬϴŷߣӦòĵҲʮԸС
ҲһһŮֻ˿ȴû˵ȻҲͬкԸŮ˵Ļ
Ĳ˿̶ˣͻȻЦ˵˭ôƢأԭǶܣǴҵסҹ֪ĻΪǿء
˾һϸ˿ĲȻҲϳԷ˭ֻһûдĲɳõ뿪Ҫ͸ɵǣǣųȥ϶͸¶Ǻӹ˾ʱ߾Ͳðˡ
󣬵ȴǿĲͱˣܾȻߥЩװԱɵԼĲɵӣӦ˹
ӣ˵ǲǳ˾ˣЩ˾ϼҰɣ翴˵ʲôöһУĲһ䣬Ȼõλӳ֪ƨҪʲôңܣǱߵڣǹ˾оܣļܡ
Ĳô˵Цˣò˵ҲԽԽˣ˵ԷѾ͸Լ˼ϵķǳãԼûнĻ˵˳ˣһ֮š
Ƕһ̴˸£ֻ˿øЩ
죬ȫǳˣģͶĸұ죡ǱȽżþȻǱһֿڣҲǴһ֪ãԸǿҲܹߵȽ̸¸ŵŮˣܱƵ˵һֿڣȻļˡ
ʵҲˣѾ֣ΣôЩ߰飬ĲΪ֪Գ˵ǿͿ˿ûеģֻǶӺǸŮˣȫ֪ʲôֻ˽Ĺ룬Ȼŭá
ˣЩˣ찡˶٣ܵסɣǿǾֲӣ϶Ա뿪𣿡ˣǸԲŮҲǲ֨ɺݺݵĲһۣƺǴˡ
ûǣΪ˵ĽŲ˻ѾԽԽֻǶһ䣺ûǣ
˵꣬ʹеװԱ뿪ӣȻ޴Щƽʱɲó


ڶʮ һ
˿С⣬ѾΧ˳ˣٴﵽϰ١
ֻװԱС˵ʵ̫ˣ鷳ǣЩ˵ٶȡ˶Ҫ߳һϣҪֻҪƬ̣ͿԽСɱ⡣
СڵװԱǶܹѵŷḻսľˣȻͲֳ˹սԺŵ˵һһûڻϰĵطһֱʮͷ˳ˣлῪǹɱûлҪʮڲŷֳˣôսоųǳ˻ʤ
ϰҿ緢֣ôҪúܶ࣬һܹѵľˣԸɵĸˣѾǳˡ
ǰһ٣˵ûһ˿һʤ㡣ֻǲ֪ΪʲôЩûгǵ˽⣬ֹǻ᲻һеĹҪôҪôֻΧʵ̫Ͳ
ǣҲҿǹ
һǹɱһЩˣʣµĳһӵϣҲԽ˶˺ƬֻǸɺţȨѹϡ
һʼǹľˣ˿ѾǰղѣΪǹŽЩģͬҲûй˵ʲôҲûá
⣬վھʮ׵ĵطĸУ°͵ѷһһϣˮવ£һ˫Ǻɫ߳۾¼Ż˲еĶűϲʳҲǸо־Ĵڣ˵Ǹ˸о־Ĵڣȥˡ
֮⣬ڱΧزݴĳҲĳ˿ʼԳ֣˵ͻһʵӦ÷Ŷԡڣ۾ղúĹͷ𶯣˳޷ĳǳ뷨ֻˣҲֻѡӡ
û뵽ǣЩ˾Ȼܾ
ͼǲܾܾ߼ǣЩͼǷһλ־ֻһֿܵͼܾܾԼ
ȻĳȻǾܾλҲҽԲĿǰΪĽֳ档
ʵѾס˰ɣĲǻ֪Ƕ˽⣬ϰٳҲûʲôɵĵģ෴Щ˻ΪԼһıڣһ뵽ϰٳ˸ߣĲǾΪڴ
ÿƣһߵСһȻ˵Ҫ˵˽ģ¾ˣΪǸͬһˣΪ˽⣬ķӦùС
Ȼ̫á
˵ͷĲ˶һ˵Ҳ㲻ĳˣǺ൱ˡ
ߣװģ󻹲ŵƨһߣӺǸŮҲʱڿһ
Ƕ򣬶ӣû㣬ĳϰ٣˿ɱ㣬Ҫͽͽӣ˵ãչǼһ£ΪĳΪʲôûΪҵϴҪȻΪǼôܴӽ;ĳ˿ǲ٣˵ǵֶΡĲ˿뵽һ£ǳŶ˵һΣգ˭ܹ˵Ǽ˵ɣǳʲô鱨ǣ˵Ҿͱһ
Ĳܴóܺ棬Ǵʵλ֮Ǿ˷ǡ
ƨĲΪӲ֪㲻Ҳǽ˾һЩ˳ȥ˼˵ңǶȻô˵ЩͲָǳڵ顣
У֣Ҳˣһ˳Ǿรɣ߿ܳ˵ĶԲָǣĲ˿ЦһһΪ
ȻĶЩﲻסˣĲ˵ģǻҪΪԼ·ô㣬ǸЩŮˣȻȶӸﲻס˿̳Ǹ㣬ܽǿܳ˵Ķһ𣿡
ȻԷĲĻûӣҪĽڹϣУޡĲЦһһѾ˵ˣŲǣܲܰסȫԼˡ
ģĲȻʮУôһ˵ǼЩˣǶӻܳס⼸ҲԱﲻסǾ仰漰Լǿˡ
֮ǰһֱ˵еһ˿ǳ̾˿㵽һҲʼδܣ֪ҵʱ治ӦôӦ㣬ˣǲһܻһСʱҾͽ鶼˵Ҳˣ˾飬ջأͷŶͼ棬Ѿǰ˲ǻ뿪ˣҲӲȥһ˵ܶһ˵Ľ޷ӳ»أĽһ
ⷬǼҲǲˣȻ˭Ǵһ˿ңԸʵ
ʵٷͶǺӹ˾ˣϾ˾ĺܶ飬ʵǲܣеĶһЩŹٷĴҲв룬˾йٷͬ˾ڲҲйٷ˾ˣĲ֪һ͵͵һЩϸ˾ӦѾ׬˲ٰɣ˵˿ʮ꣬ڿһĲǼ˵һιٷҪŪڵڶάȺͽʯϣӾҵңȥռٷҪϣǶûȥͷ£֪ˣҲŲôɣЩϣڼȻҲڣһҲЩϵļֵҲͲ˵ˣ
Ǳ߲ÿɷҲûб̬
ЩԻȻҲڶŶԷĻȫһֱǺӹ˾׷»أ϶ҪΪԼҲųЩ˵ԭһյĶǷǳҪ鱨Щ˵ȷһߣЩһҪ顣
ﻹĴһ
Ǹղȷ£ĳͲһڼǰԷóƵĳԼͨʣĳ˶ǸƵģǸִҪЩ˿϶ԥִ
ǶԷûУ෴Էڷ֮ǷҲһǱ׽֮⣬ǲϵóѯʣѯʹڳ飬Ȼǽˡǰ
˿ѾȷǸողͬһӤԼֻ˵һЩ֪ͨʶӮ˶ԷΣĳȻԡʦƺ
ʦҪ֪ʶ̵ңУΧЩʳҺܶݣԣܽʳָһЩ𣿡


ڶʮ ˻һ
νʳȻָľ࣬Ҳ֪һڳǼǿĻ塣Ȼͬ⣬Щ˵ν뵽һ⡣
ĸ˸ղ˵δģȻŵ˵ڹؼʱЩ˸ֵΣ˵㱳ͱӣȻˣ⼸һͬʱҲԽһ£¶ʵ飬ʲôϡ
Լ˼Ҳˣ˶ĸ⣬˶׼ȻֻǸ߶ԷǸЩˣԼ
Ǵڶǰ𾴣ǸȻͬ⣬һԭĳ˻һȻһڳ˽
սԱһʶģǿ۶İӵбǳ̫࣬ٶҲ̫죬ֻɱ˼ˣ˾ײƴţײ鴰Ĳ˽
ûзӦʮ˾ͽΧסֻûɱֻ֣ǿסˡ
ʣµĳ˿ٳ϶¥Ȼһײ˷Ĵš
ɧ֮⣬˶֪ô£ĲǼҲŵùǺС٣ҲпֲһֶԷ̩ɽʶʲôҲǻ
ȻµĻǶĸˣĲĸ˻ֺԳˣǺ޲ùڵϿͷЩ˿ԷŹǡ
˻Ź
ȻǲܣǸɵЭ飬֪ԼܾǸ󣬺ܻܿԤ֪ĺϾô˵ǿֲĹͻȻҲпܣһЩôȡöԷΡ
ֻǵù
ĸɱһĽкУǱץǸһʼŮˣŵʧ˫һƬȳĻ
ǣ𣬾˭ȾǣӼֱҪˣôǳ˵Ķ֣ʵŵû̱Ҫ˵ˡ
֮ǰǸʮΪ˵֮ǰǷԵɵˣ˿ҲǺˣĸ侲ģһ۾Ϳ⡣
кܶ࣬ȴûпˣӶһ⣬뵽֮ǰԷ˵пܳ˵ĶһʼţڿģҪȻΪʲôԸǡ
Ҳˢ˼ˣͷǼæĲң˵ʲô˵֪Ǻӹ˾һƻһ߸иֵļƻǽƻݶҶ㣬һܳ˵Ķ
˵ţǸţӿڴȡһɫ̶˹
Ĳ̼̽Ȼ˿Ǽ̣һﵽʱ򻹲ʵ˵Ƕ١
ǸѾץ֮ʣҲٲһ˿˵һ롣
㣬Ⱦң˵Ѿ˵
Ĳͷһ˿ΪڲԹɫĲ֪˼ٲĸ޵ˣ˻
󣬳˽ĸֱ˳ȥʣµĳҲȫ˳䣬ĳҲǿٳˣڰУֻĸ˵ĲҽɽԶ󷢳ΪֲĽк
Ҫ

˼ӣȻֹڶǼ˵³ֻҪɵ¶ܲ³
˴˿ЩǱ¥߽˷䣬Ȼ˻ЩδҸһ˿ɻ
Ϊʲôûɱǣ
ǣҴҲû£ѵһʼ˵ĿǶĸʵЩ˼飬˵ĸоǳӵǻһ
ղžʲô£һսԱ˿̳ʵشȻĲҲʵʵ˵˽ͽǴߣǾǾһŲ֪ˣȻȻûᣬĲûôɵ
Щ˾ô£ǶǺӹ˾ĹԱѵһ㶼֪Ǻӹ˾ΪһսԱƺЩʧأ
ʱ۾ղźǸͨǴЭ飬Կ϶ǶԷȷĳȻֻ֮һļʣƫƫǷˣһڼ󣬷ĳֱ죬Ȼ컯˳ڣ̳㹻ʳ˳˯׼һ
ղžڿǣҪҪȥɵǸӶϰֻˣôȻǿڶʱڣõǿޱȵս˼Ƿ˵ͷΪãȥԼĺôԭĳ壬ԼԷȴǿԣһһԣһδӵǿսġѡ
˵˵ˣҪǴ򿪵»أ뿪ڴ֮ǰҪǸĶ
бЯʽ𣿡ʱʵ͸ߣ˫Ư۾ǹеһƬ
ҪԸʲôÿһע⵽ˣԷֽĵطֵĳ򾲣ˣƺҲΪס
ղĸ˶һ̣˵һƻϣһ֣ǱĲͼæ̵˹
һ̵ĸһ˵ʧˣû뵽͵͵
˵̳꣬һսԱ˸ƣߴӱȡһõԣ󣬽̲˽ȥĲǵã֮Ļʾϡ
ԲЩڹһܣرܣĻһսԱǰһǰ
ֻ֪Щҵ˼񵽵ģҲ˵ҵģУΪЩΪʲôûжԸǣ̲˵ʵΪõĹϵĸսԱҲߵĻҫ
ǸսԱһ㶣ҪЦһսԱʶȤҲѵԷһ£ʱ򣬺ȴǳСţ
ǣӳⲻϹأ
˻ô˿ҲǸһȣѣǸСŵսԱԸ˻ͬʱݺݵһۣȻ˸µˡ
ȴҪ࣬ȻղŻлƺûйǣԭ򣬲Ȼ˵ǼĻϵϣһҳҳϱ򿪣õע̱ת˹ȥ֮Ŀɿڴһ֮ɫΪνġ硯ƻ̫ˣ˵Ƿ
ˣǺӹ˾ĸ߲ǷˣǾȻּƻֱǷ˷УԲǵóѣǱϳȥϱֹƻ


ڶʮ ˻
ÿžñЯʽЩϣһʱͬʱҲϣͬҲǱˡ
νƻȻһֻļƻԴڵڶάƻľϵȻΪȨߡ
ϵļƻǳܣģ㣬ƻʵʩδõġͬڶάľʯǺӹ˾ȻڴͼȺģ˶ʵһ磬ȻһһεǵĹƻ飬ѾϰٴΣƻڣƻѾǷǳƣһʵʩоųɰտԳɹ
һϣԴͨѶڶľӪУǺӹ˾ӹ˾ƿȫٷ֮ʮϵԴͨѶҵһЩƺǺӹ˾ûϵĹ˾ʵҲܵǺӹ˾Ŀƣ˵ֻҪǺӹ˾Ը⣬ȫ˲صʮǰʱûе绰жϣǵͨѶһеĳжʧһͳбҲ֪
µǣºڶʱڸ֪ô죬֪ʲô£Ǻӹ˾ٿý壬ɢһЩٺƭԵţôΪ̫ƽ죬һжԻָ
һԶָܻˡ
;ÿֲ˲òǺӹ˾ֶΡ
ʱǺӹ˾ȨǲſǸʱһжˡ
óǺӹ˾硯Ȩߣ˵ʵϣһҳϣдһ֡
ʱ齫᳹ױǣ񣡡
ȷǷ
˿Ķһϵģ֮⣬вԵսԱ˿սԱҲǱ𺳵˵һʱ侹Ȼǲ֪롣
˿ݣԲ֪ʲô£øղŵĻȻǷǳأû˵һƬ
ȻعϾʶ㣬ĩһ飬;Σ˵Ǿḻ˿̵飬ûǺӹ˾ʼƻʱ䣬ڣĲҲ
ںĲһļܣһܣǺӹ˾впܶƻ֪һЩȻҲ֪ܲ
ȻںĲ֮󣬴ǾޱȵУ֪ǵȷǲ֪ȻһƻֻǺӹ˾ĸ߲һЩĳԱ֪
ٿصԵսԱ̲ѯʱ䣬һﲢûдǺӹ˾ƻʱ㣬ԽˣԽûףͷһѽһѽʮԶҲпһ롣
ڣʱ䣬Ǳڵ»ҲһʱˣʮСʱܻᷢܶ飬Ͱƻ
뵽ȻҲԡ
Ǳ뾡뿪ҪܲȡϵǺӹ˾Ŀ¼ƻʱҲӦòԵսԱһȻγ̣룬̻
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Ȼǵøղ˵ģģȻҲһ飬ʵҲƻķ˵ԼǰԪֵĻôļƻǻʵġ˻
Ϊһ֮˽ΪԼ棬Ȼ˷飬ȻΪԷǷӣԷֻһǿȨҰļҡ
ҽһ£ãڹر飬رְǵһЩҵΥΪڿǺӹ˾ΪѾȫΥĸʱ
ֺһ£ȴʮֺЦԼȻںԼ֣һǵһμ֣Ȼǰϸ˵Լӣеʱ򣬻׸졣
ȻֺϤһ޳
ýĶԱҲǽǽһ£ֵСʱһ¿ǣֻ˵ԷԼĵܵܣ˳һģһ˽ܵһֽ͡
֪ڵݺȻȤΪڼǺӹ˾ǰѾǿѧ̩ˡ
ڣûпϵ棬Ǳ뽫Ǻӹ˾ļƻݳȥڣƺһ˿ϣΪǺܶ෽ȨоͰͨѶֻڵĻشúʧ»мǿźŲܴݳȥ
һҲЩʧ޷絽棬ôֻ뷨뿪Ĺһĵ»زС
һҲ̾˿Ǵ뵽ػķϵͳӦÿԴ򿪵»صĳڣԸ⣬͸ߣԸҲûϵȫ
˵ʵĳˣǸĲ£ԶԷԼЭ飬һⶼûС
˵꣬Ĳ˵һ䣬ҳһЩ·ϣȻ߳УԸǸȥ޴ˣҲԸȫװԼȻԷЩֶΣΪ»طϵͳļƻǿеģҲǴԼĶԱȥ
ΪǷ֣˸ЩˣǾȻûİ취뿪Ǳ뾡㱨
õ˸Ҳû˵ʲôһ£ԭ˵Ķ飬һˣʮһˣȻ⻹ĳˡ
ȻҲˣһӦ׼ǹǱĲ֪Щ˾Ȼ֮õֻޱȻЩֲĳˣôܻᱻƣ
ʵˣͻȻ֮䣬뵽֮ǰϰֻ˳ûйǣֻ˶ӵˣ˵Ժͳ˽ƶԷǵ˵Ĺȥ
ڷǰػһȺΧǾ;ǸϳظС
ò˵ظУںŮˣ൱
ô˿ߵߣһ´˶ԷһųĿԿƳˣ
⣬ûҪϣԵͷϡ
ô˵ղЩΧĳҲƵģɱ˶ǣʵ
ЩڣֻǺͶԷЭһ£ĳЭ飡ͷ˵ȻνЭ飬ǽӵ͸˵
ûʣ֪Щ㹻ˣΪټʣԷοƳ˵ģԷҲ϶˵Ҫһ뿪»أûҪΪìܣ෴Խǿ뿪»صĿԾԽ


ڶʮ ͨ
ǡ
˿ʱ䣬ӼСʱǰǾͷֻ˹ϣ޷Ͳ绰ֻ漰һӪ̣ŵʱƣֹӣڶӪ̸ĴǣĿǰ˼Թϣץʱ䴦
һд¥µĲ͹һŮڳϰŵһݸǽǸд¥ϲͣ򵥡ˣֿӣϰһֻΪֻ޷ʹãֻ֮ܿǰصĵϷ
Ҳ̸۵ĻҲͻȻֵϡ
ڱ˵ֻҲ˹ϣֱҪˣҪͼǳҪĹ˾ͬͻ䣬һ̱ôϰ֪һˡһӵ˺ͬ˴󵹿ˮ
һһû£ҲǶôֹӦúܿͻָˣ㻹ҪҪһݷһݿɲԣһȻһɡ
ʱٲǽϹŵĵӣڲţ˵ҲһδģͨѶϵ飬Ȼ̨ĽͬǼԹϣƺܿͿԻָΪˣͨѶģ̱ļСʱûӡ
棬رרңڷһιϵԸ⣬е˵ܿǵЧӦ򲻿˴ģͨѶ̱һר˲ͬ뷨㼺Ľûн
ǻϲֺĽ⣬ʱ򣬵ϵͼͻȻʧʾźŵʾ
ãµ̨Ҳſˣʲôһ˲˵ϰȡңֻ˼̨ͬźʾȻҲܿˣҲǷ˲ɧʱûֻ͵ӣǻǳġ
һʼǸŮҲΪĿ˿ûͼĵӣִֻ˿ûźš
ϼҳˣأʱŮӶһŮֽ˲ʵ
Ҳˣ߰ɣֻϼһݹŹֵķ꣬Ȼͬһ뿪

»أоһֿڣֻڷƻͨܵһҪоûˮ·ߣֻӲģĲյ鱨о֮˵гʮ׵ĿհνĿհûھĵ壬ڵֶΣЩھͨͨܵá
ʵֻͨܵȻҲĲṩһǳҪ鱨Ǿͨܵ棬һܵҲǸݺ͵ߣԽܵͨôͿӪһܴͨҪеоҲûκ⡣
һ㣬֮ͨܵͺܴ󣬻Ҫڳĵ¹ܵΨһǣôƿĽΧͺϽդ
˿̣˾£ñȽҪӲͷĵͻƤƳɵֿͨܵĹܵȫͬʱǽڣͨΧǽƻһͿ
ͨܵʵΧΧí̶˵ܽƻֻ˷£Χʼ飬һƬһƬĲΧķƬҲǱ£ֻʣºĺϽΧ
̣˶ȻԵãΪѾ˵ˣõȴͷһμʶֳ棬һĿɿڴ
չֳĿֲƻֱ̫˼ˣˮǽڣΧڳ˷ĹҲ߽⣬˼ֱһ𷿻ࡣ⣬ֻǺӹ˾һһ£ûǹе⿿ⲫȭͲھҲЩ˵Ķ֡
ֱֲ̫ˣֹԲϵ棡ô˿а˾ⲻ֪ҲǼս棬ǲɱ¾սĳԽɱ˺ҧٶȺϣǱȳǿһͷԼмֻս棬ֻǴﵽ׼ս棬ҲҪ⼸˺á
Ȼ֪ʱǲܵģսķҪĳѽԪûԪôִԪ֣
ԪԵѣΪӵԱøǿγһǿӵҲͬǿԱ֮
κﶼǾԵģǿĽǶȡ
ܿ죬ǺϽդҲ˺һֻ£˽ȥ̽·
߰ɣܴͨܵ㹻ͨˣͷȥͬ˵ͨܵȷֻܿҪͿߣֱһңŰɫĶͿˡ
һ£ǵǰ棬ûǹҲûܹרŵѵܻΣգҪǰ棬ǰ˵
⻰ȥʮսԱȷһ˸󣬴ǹеȻҪ޴Ҫˣʵϣõ֮⣬ڻĲǣɵĿɰ
Σգ
ιΣյĴںòãɱ¾ֲֿһлΣգһ˶ˡ
ֻ⻰û˵ӰҲû˵ֻͷЩ򵥵ìЦЦСЩһֶֻԸɷ͸˵ˣ㲻ţҾ㿴
˵꣬ìȻһսԱץȥֻȴ˿Цã˵ԼжôôìֱӱǸսԱһãڵأ¶˲иЦʵĺֻڴţ
ҲЦҲֻܱס϶ʮ࣬⼸սԱǹЦˡǿǾӵľ֮ǰһֱԿƳϸѹ壬ʵﻹǺܲģôһᣬȻҪúðһ֡
Ҫǰ棿ҲԣνĵͷѾͨǰ̽·ԺӦòκΣղŶԣһ˭ǰ棬Ҳûʲô塣֮ȥ֤ʲô
սԱͷ˽ͨܵǰƶǲϷƵĳǰĳϵ
˿̣Գ˵ٶȣӦѾһˣʼƻĳΧΪ˿ѾƤǽڵԼĪʮ׵ʱЩʧõϢǶΧҲƵ˵ͨѾ򿪡
ʱо²ȵʲôͣ鿴֣ǾȻһһֲ֦ŷͨȻкܶѵĵطӷ϶кֲܶͨܵԿЩֲһǶ䣬ȻֻǱպ״̬
ôֲ
üͷһ壬ûͣ£Ǽǰʱ򣬺ϺһսԱͻȻһС


ڶʮ ʳ˻
ҵĽŲ֪ʲôסˣ
һ׷׻ͷȥʱ򣬺ͻȻһ죬Уƺʲôܵѹһ㣬һ죬ǸϺսԱ̷˲ҽС
һսԱȻǿʲôǷ˾ͬʱԶʼֻڶһȻǽսԱֱ˹ȥǹҲȻֹ
ͬʱҲյ˳˴ϢǰҲʲôڽսҶԷʵҪǿˣĿǰΪֹһѾǱɱ
ֻ˲䣬ȻܵУüͷһ壬սԱȻǾȲˣԿ϶ϮǵģЩŹֲֵǣǻͨܵҲܵսԼҲܵơ
ߣһʱ䣬˷ӦþȻҪȥˣ̿߼
ʲôſңһ£ץָΪǯ
ûˣǰһ㣬ȥסĶû˵ķϻȻһ˦֣Ƶǰ棬滹ڡĲǣ˿̣ҲǰǰȻҲΣգٻĸ˳ţʱڲд⣬Ǻ鷳̽Ǿٻʮ׵ľ룬һЩٴ룬ôԼ֮⣬˶ܻ뿪ͨ
ϤֶεںĲǣȻǹԹ̾ߣǰúսԱҪԽǷҲûӣֻһҧǰȻǳʱ̣ѡ
˿Ѿǵ󣬶УĿһĻŵһĻ
·Ѿ
սԱʬ屻Ťŵ״ֱָ۴ϸĸһͨܵѾ飬ƤŤͬʬ壬һЩݵʯһ𣬽·
ԿսԱϹŵĿ־壬ϵĹͷоųɶŤˣ඼Ƥ¶Ѫһء
һĻɫȴѾһȫ׼ûһǿޱȵ
ЩƺŤʬƤĸ˿ͬһ㣬䶯ʬϵѪ͸ȾļΪֲѪȡڴ˿̣һ֦ͻȻԼٶȽӽ˫Ȳȥ
УȻȥȻŤʬš͵һ
Ȼϣ˫ƶ̶㿪Ǹٶȸ죬һ̣ǰ
Ҫɫһһץͽӭ̹һץУȻһ
ž
һ죬ֱӱϣӶϺ󴦣ȻðһƬɫҺ壬Һɢڵϣ˻˻Ĺͬʱð
ǿ᣿Ƥһ̺࣬ΪΧܵ˾޴Ť죬Կкܶڼѹͨ˵ͨ˿̶ŤΡǰĲһٶȸ죬ǼҲ֪֮ǰǿ뿪ǶԵģȥˣԲʱ䳷롣
ǰѾǿڣǼӿٶȡڣһսԱȥţҲ½
ֻǻûüɿͿͷƤһĻ
ͨ⼸Զĵϣһʬ屻ҧһ룬ֻʣ°벿֣ڸԶһطԿʣµĸˣںͼӴޱȵĶ˵ǿѾǼʶˣǴ˿̣ĸ˾ȻǴƣ֪Ǽ޴Ӱжô
һоĵĲֿ⣬˿ѾҲذϣǽں컨ϣ˹Źֵɫ٣ֻΪĴڣܿͳ˼Ĺʲô
ȥæֻǿһۣжϣ֪ܣôԷʲôὫìͷ׼ԼȺˣİ취ǰս
ʣµսԱһ𣬳ʹΣǹȥźͳսĺӰʼ
ӵк˵ѹγһֽ֡
ȥҳڣĲҲ˵սңѰ֮·ȴû⣬Ҳˣĸ˼սԱֻǿѹסԷǸҲ˵ǾҪ̳룬ʱֳڱǲŽеʱ䣬ΪԼҲҪһʱҵڡ
ǰʮ׵ĵطһţֻ֮ĲһžȻҪ룬ûõԴҲԱ֤ŵʹãȻǲ֪ģ˲Ĳھ뷨ҵŵ߿ϵͳȻͷıЯʽԽбš
һߣõѾǿЩӡ
ˡ
˵ǰˣЩ˵Ѿǳ˺ֲܶĸŴֲάЩ˵ڣͳһǵ˫ҲһŹŹֵĸγһּǲ˿ÿһ˵ĺԣһĸ󣬿Կһ޴ޱȵֲ
ľżǿܣǸֲÿƣղѾ֣ôǰЩٸι޷ȻѡĿ꣬˵ЩƵιֻǿܣĿ꣬ʵǺĴֲ
ѲǹʼӵԶǸֲһʱ䣬ֲѪ
ûѪһֲﾹȻѪѪҺҲʺɫЩѪҺڵϣ̽港ʴһһС
ˣֲﾹȻǿʼŤ֦ϾȻǷ˿ֲ˻УȻⲻֲͨ
ͻȻ֮䣬ֲһӰԼٶһսԱ߸ûзӦʱ䣬ͱǸӰһҧסԴ
һ̣ǸӰȻһֱӽǸսԱԴҧͷʬͨԵڵأϳ鴤
úһսԱʱŷӦæȥȻǾȻһ仨һʳ˻ϴСһƬһƬԿϣȴǺȾˣ̣ɺͬһ㣬ڻڱڣϸܼݣ˿СĻǶ䲻䶯ѹھ׽ͷʮףʳ˻ͺֲﱾ壬˿ջȥȻȥͬʳ˻ٻжʮԶȥɯͷϵĶһӭ衣
亹˲úһսԱͷϻ䣬ʳ˻ٶ̫죬˸ӦͱҧԴ
ȻһɵĳˣЩʳ˻
ʣµĸˣʵҲǿ֮ĩеֱ۱ҧеѾƶǣҵһ˫۶ϣսɥʧ߳ϡ


ڶʮ һһ
৵һ£ǰӰһŤͷȥȴǿԼһԶСڲϲԴѾˣȻҲǱʳ˻˺ȥǸֲֲݡ
ССţÿѪϴͷʬ罦мѪ䵽ϡ־ټᶨʱҲе־壬˵ڶ̶̵ļʱĸȫִ̼
ȻÿȥܼǿϾһŮˣܹٶѵҲӦ붼ûĵˣһ˲䣬־бļ󣬷ӦĽ彩ӲȻƶ
һ̣һʳ˻ãǧһ֮ʱһĺӰͻȻѾҪ˺ҧõʳ˻̴ȻһԵǽϡ
ʳ˻ֲǷ˿ֲ˻Уٿ̴Ǹʳ˻ĶȻһˮܣף˿ˮܴǽڣԼ׳ˮܵǺεȵǿ󡣲˿̴ʳ˻ֲѪҺȴǲڸʴǸˮܣһˮܾͱʴһ̲ˮ
ˣô˿ߴһ͸оԼ˱˱Լٶɳֻۣգ֮䣬˺˳ʮס
ʱòŻعͷһŷֽһͨ˿ΪǱ·һЩط˱ʴӣƤȻǺ͸ߣԿһ˫۾ʮ͸һźͼᶨ
֪ôģѾЩڿ󣬾ȻԶûôˡ
ŪţԸһ䣬ֱӳ˳ȥĸ˼ѾȫɱȻ赲Ǹʳ˻ֲڳһӲˡ
ͨͺʳ˻ĸս˵ǸʱЩһǶԷǺǿһѪҺСĻҲսڵƿҪ˺ܶࡣ˿ߵǽߣץסǽϵһˮܣȻһֱӳһˣˮӿ
ûҪԸ־͵ʳ˻Щ޴ֻ֣ЩӦ
ܵһͷһץһšͽŤӣǳìǹһ㣬ʮ׶೤Ľܣʳ˻ֲ˿Ҳչ¶ĿҪ߰˲ܺϱľֲ컨͵棬ӣ˵Ѿ䶼ռݣܶٶ컨͵棬֪쵽ʲôطȻղͨܵҲʳ˻ֲһ֡
ӦҲһǺӹ˾ȻҪȳҪܶ࣬ȼ֣ҲﵽѣֻΪ;޴ӵкֶܶΣԶԸʮּ֡
ҲΪûԪԵʣԪֻҪͷųһϵͿԽճûԪȱٹֶε¼һʱҲöԷûӡ
Щٺ͸ͬһ㣬鷳Ļִʳ˻٣üٶͬһĻ˺ҧĿֻ꣬ٶ׶ܡ˿׼ᣬ̳ʳ˻ı塣ƺоΣգ߰˸ԼٶԸܣգ֮䣬ͳ嵽˾Է岻׵ĵطĽҲȻ̳
һֱû룬ʳ˻̷ֲһҽУͬʱʮʳ˻µҲ̱Ҫ
һ֣̺࣬ʳ˻ȻȼߣûǿҪɱҲǼѣһΪԷͣҲ֪ԷʲôҲû㽫ɱҪľʱ䣬ǿʱ򿪳ڵš
ʱںһˣߣ
ȻǴűˣ࣬һ̤ţ֮һϵһť˲¡
ֻһ̣߰˹ֺĽܵػϾȻǳ͹
ߣһۣ֪ʳ˻ֲҪŶԶԷͺֻҪҸ߰£žҪϣ̴뿪
˳һͨȻһ¥ݣ뵽һ㽫¥ŷͣ
˭뵽ڸղŵļʱȻĸսԱʧȥеĳˣҲܵ˲СĴ˵ʵȻǿޱȣҲж̰壬ûԪ޷ʹǿƬҲֻһǹֹʳ˻ҲЩ޲ߡȻ֮ܽǰһѱ˪ذ״Ҫúܶ࣬ذ׻ڵʵԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
˽¿˿һ䣬鲣һҲֻӦӦˡ
ңӦһ㷢Σգʱһ˿˵ղʧȥĸսԱ£Ȼ
£˭ҲûԤϣҽΣ»в٣״̬ôһ㣬ʱǺӹ˾ļƻ˭ȥٷ˵һ䣬ǰһЩΣǸһּ֪ϻиصĵӣֻ˲ж
ȻĻ۾һԭǷϵϢҲת
ӣܸҲæǱߵì˿߹˵Ϊ˵ʿһ·ϱ˱ãѾʮΣ˿̿ǰ˵
ЦЦӵ˹ȥóʹõľսì񲻴߽ӽһ׾ţȻֻͨ˵ӦҲܷӳһЩս
Ӱ˿ȴǶԱһ͸ڵʵҳ񣬾ʱһѪģͻȻſ˲ϣһٿǸˣӦһоԱϻŰɫӣѾ͹ֳָּڻŲļĥţŲˡ
ʲôѵˣĲʱͷƤ˵һ˵һߺˡ
ǳˣҡҡͷΪǿ׷ֱԷǲǳ壬ȻĹﲢǳˡ
찡ǸȾ˵ڶʮĶȾɫ岡ˣ벻Ǻӹ˾ȻͷֲϸǹӺ֪̾˵ϸȾɫĿΪʮԣڵڶάܶﶼӵеڶʮĶȾɫ壬Ǻӹ˾＼ƺȾɫ壬һоֻ˵ΪΥ෨ֹоƻڿ˾ûУֻǽоŵ˵¡
˵ͷ˵Ǻܿѧģһ컯ࡣ
ԪҲкܶƵĹֻǣԪ磬ǱԪ컯ǱȾɫ컯ֱ컯Ĺһ˿ԭʶʶ𣬳ΪһִĹ


ڶʮ һ
ֻڽ˵ģȴֽ֮ǰ뷨ƷȻǺӹ˾ġ컯ҲǴ߷ڶʮĶȾɫҩʵϷǳǿ󣬿˵ںƼľ
ҵʱоС飬оԼǱܵҩ֪ǱֻǷӳһС֣кܶδ֪ûбھ˵еȱݣҪ޲˵ͨһ㣬һڵıأӵиǿЩŵһˣֻҪԴһͿԻŵֻȴʧڶʮĶȾɫҩ˿ɥĲĹ֮ʲôˣҡͷ˵гһź
һҲζȫΪǱеоȴŪ˲һ˵ֹⲻò˵һַ̣֪
ȻĲĲǿϧǵǸ᲻ܳ
ֻͨǿĲʱͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
ʲôһһ̣ǸѪģĹȻײֱӽǿײ˳ŷצڣֻһоԱκηӦۼҪצ˺ƺͻȻһ֣˻ȥצҲһա
ڵȻû֣ǱߵìѾһ̤һǹͷϡ
;޴ǸԴֱӶΣͨһﵹأ˿̴ʵڣȻҲ߳ʮֹ
Сģ϶ѾȾ˲һմȾҲֿµĹʱʲôæѵ
һɫأøǽǹ
ǱߵӰһֱŸղųʵң˿̾ȻһԾ𣬳Ǹʵҡ
ӰʲôìһæֻӰȻ㣬ûһԥʵҺֱһƬеֲȥץһֲ
ʱһһͻȻðӰһǹ죬Դͱ򱬡
ǹȻã˿ʼɱ׼Ĺìǵǰ棬ìøӵַǳ߳һﾹȻ·ɣÿһζԽһ￳ɱ
Ƭ֮ʮͱɱһգٶȺϣֹԲˣԶԸҲҪһЩΨһҪעľǲҪЩץˡʱһӰץϸһֲ֦ɣһ˷ܡ
ҹ֦ɺƤǳͣҲܰæˣӰһ¡
ԭˡ
ʵҵȫǸֹŹֲֵ뵽֮ǰʳ˻ֲҲǳʵҡ
ӰʵһСȻĿʼЩƤԱ;ǿߣһ𣬾ǹңԸǿ֦ĳַһȻϺùңһѼ׵ĳڼʸһЩ֦ɺҶȻףӰһѳ£Էӳ
ۼΣճ̶ȣʵҪΣնˣ̶ʱѾֿµĹҪػҪͨһЩ룬ȴҵһʮĶȾɫҩϣΪ֮ʵʧܣΪҩȱһֶ
Ԫ
עԪô˵ⶫĿԿĻӵǿ
֮˼ǰУֻһδҶʮСġڽ˲ûʲôѲĹ෴õ˼ֻ䵥ĳˣЩȻûгκγ׾ͽƣ뵽ԼսС
·һʵҵʱͻȻоʲôͣ˽Ų
˶ΪͣȻҲͣҲǺԥѾֶ֪κ˵ˣҲǳûڣһȺˣԲܻ뿪»ء
ǰʵңֹŹֵĸоƺʲôٻʵҵš
ڲԿʵҵĹܸߣһ۲ң͸޴ĲԿĶм̨ӣ̨ǰڷżŹ·Ľӡ
ƤһⶫԼСؽνĵڶάĳִڵġƷֽںԼѪҺں֮󣬾ȻǱͷųʮԹ飬ǵ
ǵøǣԼѪҺںϵ˲䣬˴ԪȻܶݣǵȷԪȱģԪ
Ȼ˼
ڡСЩҲһ㶣ǰȻ֪ʲôߣֶֻ֪򵥣͵͵һӴȥоűǺӹ˾
ڰŪһԱߵĵԣ룬ϵͳǳȽܱͻƲĵϣûӴǰţȡĶ
ǿ󣡡ѹûţǼӣڱصãΪԪҪǴߡ
˲֪ҪʲôԺˣһߵǰĲǰȭͷ
ĸֻҪ񣬾ӵ޷飡һһ䣬ֻ˿⣬Ȼһȭ˳ȥ
һΣ˰ٷ֮һٶʮͻɱɱ¾ʱõһȭͷһ㣬Ƿֻ
һĻҲֻ΢ľһ£ͺȻĽˣ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰЩԸ޴ҲԸսӣԭ֪ʵٶսԱȲһˡ
뵽ʵң̨ϵĽȫһĸһĴСֻĻƲͬȻֱӽԼѪҺȥȡԪΪֽӿ϶ģԪĿƬصΪûϣԸ֪Щģ͸ƵһֿƬһŪһЩǿΣյҲ鷳û׼֮ǰǲἤЩӵġ
СʱϵһͨڣߵͨľͷԭĲ˵ģͨľͷһţֻҪţͿԽ뵽ػ˿̣ǸԭǹرյĽƺǱǿײѿĽŰɢһԣԿǰһ޴ޱȵ٣洩͸ţȻ뵽ǽڵС
һִ٣ˮͰҪִ󣬿٣뵽ֲֿʳ˻
Ǵȥ˵꣬ǰȥߵļΪСģ춯ᾪǸ١
ߵǸͨͷ¿ȥȴɫ䡣


ʮ 컯ֲ
ǰһƬ޴Ԩ£ǵȻγɵģԶԼĪʮĵطһѵĽţԶӵһԲεľ޴ӦþػһԼĪʮ׵ĵطȴһ޴ޱȵʳ˻ֲٱ֮ǰڲֿǸҪ޴ʮϣŵľʳ˻ֲһ٣ʳ˻ֲϵʳ˻䣬٣˵飬ÿһаγôС֦ٿԴﵽ׳
̫ˣһӦ־컯ֲԪҲϡУȼֲĵȼٴﵽ弶ı׼
ĺһⱻֲ﷢֡ȻͨԭͨػյͨѾֲϣսûпƬԪ£Һ޴컯ֲ￹⣬Ϊֲֺ֮ǰǸһĻѪҺҲӦǴǿᣬǲ̫£ǿѾһЩԣǿḯʴػǾ鷳ˡ
û뵽ؼʱ򣬾Ȼôһ·
ĵ˻ûзһ죬Ȼص߽ǰػԱ߾Ȼһ޴ޱȵʳ˻˶ɫѿ
ػھֻһ𣿡ʵһڣͿԱܿǸ
ĲҡҡͷȻػǵ»Ҫĺֻһڡ
ô죬ͨǸͨ𣿡ô˿Ҳǳ
ͨѵĳȳʮףͨ˲ܿһξ룡ҡҡͷȻңҿԾһξ룬ǣҲ֪ôػĵԣ
һ仰Ĳˡ
Ϊ˾һ仰˼ףҲͱˣȻϤ»ص˾ҲȷһЩֶΣ֪صԣȻҪԼһȥԡ
ǾһĻĲһӦǾܾܿ췴ӦԼݣ˵ˣʵϲ˼һˣԭΪںԼһǱٳֹģǾһ·ϵĹ۲죬Ȼô¶˵ҪһˣʣǸ˾Լ
ĲӿһԹƾʲôƾʲôΣյҪԼȥҡ
ǿ֪ԼҲ޼¡
Ĳޱĵ˵ͷҺȥ֪ôػĵԡ
Ȼô˵Ѿ⣬ԷҪԼôԼԸѡͬھȻҪǾһ
Ĳһ˿Թ޵ɫֻƬ̾ʧûӹĹ۲죬ֻɫȻ³Ĳʲô
ʵûдԷĲʲôľٶҲ飬ɹ򿪷յĵ»أҲöԷ뿪
ʱ򣬺洫һ˻۲Ӱ˿̴һƣȻйˡ
֮ǰ컯࣬ʮӰֳƵĳ˵ıϿһʮ׵ļʸȻ࣬ӰȴԽ÷ӵ£ּ׵Ĺʮ׵ľ룬Ҳ鷢
ĽǾͨǸ컯ֲԷ˿ѾٴǰͨһüԷͨôҪػϼˡ
ϣһĲǰֻʣ²һռͨ
ͷжǶԸЩԸһ䣬ŵٶȽ̤٣ͨһԾ
ŵĲ˿඼ҪˣҲ̫̼ûиӦ磬ģƺһ޵׶ػԶʮ⣬ҪǸѵͨϼǲܵġ
ˣˣĲͷһԾʮԶֻûֱͨǳԱߵȥҪ򼴱һ˵£Ҳʮ׵ľ롣
˵ʱʱ죬Ӷһ̤ұϣȻұ߼˿Ǿ컯ʳ˻Ҳע⵽һʳ˻ͬһֱ޴ĴżĻſͬһҧ˹Ȼ˫һţȻһԾӭʳ˻˫̤ڻϽжʮͨ
һٶȼ죬ͬһڵһ˹ȥգ֮䵽ͨУֱӽĲǰ棬ԼǽȻվΡ
ʳ˻Ѿ˹۾Բ˫ۼ¡
˲䣬弡˰ٷ֮һʮȻʹһȦ˿̾ʵǿĽ˶ԱҲԺ˿ϵļУԳΪܴʦе޼֮
ӭʳ˻˿Ǳ޿ɱܣֻӭս˿˫۹Һϻ˫ͬǯӣһ¾ͽʳ˻ݺݵһ𣬾޴£ʳ˻˲飬ͬһ֭ҺĽ
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ЩиʴԵְҵ£̿ʼʴһУҲմȾ˺ܶ࣬˫һ˦ͽһŻƬ֭ҺĶͨͷĽϡ
ǽػһߣȻŵĺȾˣڸʴ֭Һĸʴ£ܿڿһ󶴣㹻һ˽롣
ȥŴ˿ͷתĲ˵
߸ոռֱһɳҪ̼һٱʩεģĺĲҲ̷ӦǰѾʴĽţǰȥ
ǿ˿ʴĲ·ɫĿ޴컯ʳ˻ҵģ
˵꣬һԾָ繳ץұڣͬԳһ컯ʳ˻ȥΪתҲôƻػǾ鷳ˣ⣬Ҳ뵽һ⡣
컯ʳ˻ɱȡöԷĸʴѪҺôܲܽ»صĽբŪ
ò˵һ⣬ֵһԣǸբ಻ʮֺôǿ֭ҺȥδزŪȻҲһУĲػĵԣôòһˡ
˿߶ٷ֮һʮѾ͵Ӱ̾޼ˣټ߶ܾͻᶯһЩıԴ֮磬չֳһЩչֳ˺ͻƽһֻûô°ٷ֮һʮӦÿԺǸʳ˻ˡ
ػڣĲȽĵϳɵľ״ȻǰһӣఴťһԲжĵء
ֵԣԺְ취һϵͳһ־ֱӰǸأ²룬ϵͳҲ
һ̣Ĳԥˡ


ʮһ ӳ죨һ
ĲһСӲαˣȻڱһܺദˣƺ㵽ʵϣⶼαװϸ˵Ĳһȱȫеˡ
սսϲҲ²⡣
кܶ࣬ûһǿεģΪĲһ׶ɵˣǰԸܳԵÿҲץסᣬһΣԸ£뿪Ѿˡ
֮ǰΪ֪»صĽṹ·ߣػķΪԷŻԼһԼػ֮أ
Է᲻ðٴԼȥϾʱԼѾʧȥеüֵ
Ҫ֪ػĳͨѾ飬Լȥأ˵滹Ǹ͵컯ʳ˻
ԼֻҪɹ˾ͻߣ϶ðΣջԼϾҪðźܴΣգԼҲδػˡ
ôԼһǱɣȻԼҪΪʲôҪȫˣ
Ϊʲô˲Լһ
һ˲䣬Ĳ˺ܶ࣬һͨĲͨˣӵͨ˶е˽£ԲΣԼ¡
һԷԼأ
ԼصԣԾĹ⺦Լ˱ˡԣԼǱɣֻһԣԼٻһ
ңĲ뵽ԷȻ¹ϣĺֲ̺ѪˣٹģǸúڶȹ˵Ǹǿֵεģ˵ԷҲðΣԼ
Ҫǣֹ˾ƻҪ֪Լļ˻棬Ǻӹ˾óѣԼļ˻ܵʲô
ˣһξ͵غˣǲңҲˣһ˵ΪҵļˣҲҪӳȥһ̣Ĳƺͨʲô˾
˫ץסһأȻһΡ
žž
ڵһɵԭӦԴеػ˿ҲͣڣƶϨ𣬶ĲдʣӺ̽һа׶ߵĵ²ȥ
ˣ
˲ʱػΧĻҲһһָͬʱ»Ҳ˷˱仯
Դָԭ󲿷ޱȵĵ»أ˿ָ̻ͬʱڵк̽ͷ˶̿ʼŷȣſնһЩԭͨҲ±򿪡
ػ»ָ֮ԭķճҲʧЧˡػĲȻһ㣬̱ڵϣ֪»Ѿǽ˷գǿ϶ҲԵһʱ֪˵뿪صʱҪ֪о;ڲԶֻҪһЩͨͿԵݣݣͿ뿪ĵط
Է˵Ĳ۷Լ
뵽ĲǿˣЦЦⱲûʲô£쵹ǵһӢۡ
û˵꣬һ̣ͻȻһȻȥ
ĲˣŤͷһһûŵĺȻ˿һսӣٶ˿ػ̼Ծ䵽ұϡ
棬ԭǸ޴ޱȵ컯ʳ˻˿ܵشһ嶼ݻ٣иʴԵѪҺѾʯڶĽԼؽڻˮȻ˿ֲشľ
Ĳһָж𾪣ΪԼʧȥüֵ֮ٷ֮ٻᱻϾԷ۷Լ϶ðżķգʵһ̣ѾԼϣ
ȴǽȻͬǻˣԼѾûüֵһϿԷͲֽԼúˡ
һ˲䣬ĲӿһͷԼԲᱳԺᱳ
һھͷ˲ֲĲͷУգľٶ壬顣
Ȼ֪Ĳ뷨֪һ̣ԼӮ˶Էᶨκҳϡʵ϶˵ǳ򵥣ĲˣͷôҪôԼȥʶԷԵķԼֱ컯ʳ˻ĸʴѪҺŪ»صĺϽբš
ȻĲԭļƻص򿪷յĵ»أô϶ĳŵҲ˵ĵߣΣգҲһ㣬˵ΣպСٴ֮ǰ컯ʳ˻ļУ˵ǵûгԿռһơ
ƻ컯ʳ˻һٸһ⣬컯ʳ˻ڣȻ˺ܶŹֵġ۷塯
۷һֹҲڳ࣬ҪͿӵǿɱ÷ĶϮˣ鷳ǣЩ۷࣬Ǵ˿̷ɳľгɰǧ޷Щ۷壬Ϊ컯ʳ˻ڣȻһŮ䡣
Ů䣬˵ǳȫҳŮЩ۷壬˼ݣֻ᲻ϵķɱԵϮȭͷС۷УҲ
̴ֻߣڵ»صķѾЩ۷塣
ͨȥĲ˿ҲΧ۷壬ŵĿɿڴŲӱͷҪЩ۷ݵЩͼ۷壬ᱻټٶȼ죬ֻʱ䣬Ծ֮ǰʱͨ
˿ӰìԼɺʹ˷ΧĹＤսһǹӵѾ⣬ץһѸذףЩսҲսӷһûıץˣϵĺɫսѾò
ӰҪһЩìͲֹˣսģ岻ǿˣͨ壬ҲѾУմѪ⣬ìϣǸצۡ˺ҧ˿ڣѪⷭȥʮңˣìǶǰ棬ЩＤսһ
Ϊصԣ˺ܶԭرյĽţиĹ֣ǵϵĹʬ壬Ѿʮģʮ
ںСûʲôսֻһԿţҪæﲻϡ
ìϵ˿ڣоһЩ˿ڿ˵Ƥ¶˹ͷ󲿷˿ڶѾʼ¶˼ΪճкɫѪҺ˵Щ컯϶컯һȾܾܿǱֹһĶ
Ĳڵϣͬһ˹ȥҿ˫⣬գ֮䣬ͽʮ컯ɱЩۺʵҲǱͨǿһ㣬ȳ˿ɶҪ࣬Ƭ֮䣬ʹӹﵱ˺һӡ


ʮ ӳ죨
ߣ
һ̻⣬ںСæסѾҪ̱ìáӰĲҲǼæϣӹȺг˹ȥûн컯ﶼɱ⣬Ϊ滹д۷׷ʱ컯ҲԷɢЩ۷ע
ȻЩ۷׷֮ǳ컯չ˽˫˵Ǵ֣ǳû·Ӱ˼ֻƼʸȻһܣһ߻ͷ׷۷ɱ
ò˵ӰĹռΪ߳Ҫ׼̧ʮٷе۷壬Ϳ϶ᱻһֻ˵ǰٲ鷢ӰŪһĸϹרŵļʸĹԸӿֲ
˶ƴܣʱìѾǳɥʧ֪˻ԵУںСѾѽУ״ֻܻͷìڼϣһ˿˵Ϊɡ
ìǡ·ڳ˵Ȼûн˵Ȼ˼Ѿԣì̶ֳȵˣʧѪ࣬˶ѾȻ˵ìϻȾ˴컯˵ûˡ
ˣʮֿ϶Ļһ䣬ɲ˵ģǸղʶֵìʶУֶԷʶûбƻˣЩ컯ѪǺɫģȻìѪҺҲ𽥱ڵļ󣬵ѪҺʼûȫڻ˵ì⣬ΪǡȾߡԵʣٶʱڲֹֻҪʱ䣬Լ϶зӾ
صһЩ컯ҩеڶάĸƷӡ
ţֻҪЩ컯ҩԪ϶Խƣʱ컯ҩͲֲĹһĿԴǱʵǿҩ
ǰĲ·˴ȣȻܿͿһǰǿͨĵݣһ޴ĽբѾ򿪣ûػĻһʮֺĺϽբǱպϵģԭӵըҲ뽫ƻ
ڽբǰ棬һصʬ壬Щʬ嶼Ǻӹ˾ڵĺɫսȻǶǱɱģǰҪǿߣȻûһɹһ
ʬΧɢŴǹеÿЩǹе۾һһMP5ǹ൯жװ
ЩõϣöһЩԱʱ֮裡ÿǳûĿ֮࣬ǰҩ㣬ҲǱìΪҪֿڶˡ
ĲСڶһЩ͵УСĲǶһЩǹеϡ
룬Ҳ˵һ³ǹĶʮķھӵǹһ׳ıԱȻһǹǶԷ˽Ʒĺܺãȫǹ͸װľǹʮ㣬һǹеҪִǹԳһִıС
ȻһǹȽʺһĿھǿʱҲӴ³ھǹĸ汾ҲǵӦ֣ûпƬ£Ŀǰܵõǿ
߰ɣǺӹ˾ˣⲻһսʱýǹеϺõУȻǹ˨ȫԶģʽһˣֻҪ۶ţͿڶ̶ʱʮӵ
ҲһأϾ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣյȴǡ
ǳһ衣
ģڵݿûκ˵⻰ɲǺ˵˵ģ֮ǰ׶ĵݿڣǺӹ˾һʮ˵װԱѾ׶ɱ֮Ǻӹ˾ûм˵ĳڴԼ׶һʬ֮⣬ûĵˡ
Źر֮˲˿ǳ֮˭Ҳû뵽ڵ»ر׷֮ǻܻӳԿԳƵǾˡ
ݵٶȺܿ죬ԶΣյĵ»أص棬ȵͣ´֮󣬾Ѿ˵治ΣգǻǾǹԷһ
ȵȫ򿪣¶漫ΪѪȵһĻ
һȫ֧ʬ壬֮⣬ûˡĲ¿ȴķ֮ǰѾӳȥǸ弶ܡ
бӦ˵Ƕ棬Լã弶ܣĲʮ޵ģǺӹ˾ҲһĵˣԴðΣշȥȳĲ֪ԼˣǺӹ˾˵ǸֵΣǺӹ˾ƻΪ˻е֣ʱεѺͻңʱֻȥ޹ߡ
ֹ˾ĲȻЧңʹǺӹ˾һˣǰ֪Ǻӹ˾Ȼ˶ҲҰģڼȻ֪ˣǾͲΪŰ
߳һ۾Ϳʬ嵱УѾСָ׸ǴС׶󸣬֣Լϡ
Ȼ׶Ҳ˲ÿһα仯ͣ޴ģ׶˯ϢȻյһ
һʬ壬ҲΪ֮ǰ˵ҲһЩ׼ȻǸ棬ʲôɱЩװԱǸ弶ܣȻû˵ҲʮʶȤûʡȻڵ»̶ʱ⼸˵ɱȴǼģٶѾ𾴣־£Ρ
ô죿ô˿ĵһ䣬Ȼ
㸸ڻھְ𣿻ǸţȨжˡֱԣǺӹ˾ڹٷ;Ҳ϶ˣ֪ҵ˼ȻҪϱҪ̶Ǻӹ˾ȡжǲеķֹ˾һ𣬶Ǻӹ˾ƲúͿơ˵Ȼ˼ѾףǺӹ˾ĸ߲֪ӳȻ鱨˵ṷǽֱӽνƻԼȻҪ֣Ҫһֱص㡣
֪Ҹףȷھְ˼ǣֱӽ鱨ϱҸףãùȻǱѩ˼
û˵ͷȻ˵ø׵飬ЩԪ֪ģȻݹҲȨҪǺӹ˾⣬ӦҪ׺ܶࡣ
ȻҲӦжżңԶżڹڵȨƣӦø׺Ǻӹ˾ͬĶʶԼĲҲһԼֱܲȥԻȥȽϺá
ãϵҸףȻԾô֪׵ݣҲûж룬ڵ»ѾֵΣǿޱȵڴ˿õͷܵġ
ȡһֻŪֻܵһȴǽʵãˮˤһγ磬ʹһ¡


ʮ 
ר䱸ͨѶ豸ʹ磬ʱҲл磬䵱ǵ绰ÿɨĿ⣬͵
˵ͷû˵Ȼöʮ⣬֮ǰԲΪһĿ⣬רŽͣһǰǿģڵȴǺĲˡ
˵ʵ̫ǣΪѾȷ磬ԼϤǸ磬ǽȻͬĸ壬ԼԪģ۵һʼֲԺУԷԶԼкøеľٶûлӦ
ʱȴǡסһ
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Ȼû磬õͨѶ綼ã˵ͬʱŪͨѶлͨѶ磡
˶ǿȴĽղ޷ʹãȴ￩һȻǺӹ˾ƻƣƻĵһжͨѶ˱óбùұһǳʲô⣬ҲἫ޶谭ϢĴݡ
˵Ǻӹ˾ңȡһСһҵĿȨôڵĹҺͳУҲԲ֪Щ飬ʲôӦ׼
ִ磬ͨѶǼΪҪԴǺӹ˾һ㣬һ֡
磬Ҳʧˣܿ죬ɫ԰׵˵ͨѶע»ֶκźŶε޷ʹ֮⣬ȫκһطʹãڣͨѶȻʧЧˣ˵ʲôѾԶ
ڣⶰ¥ûźŵ豸뵽һֿܣʵ
ûУֻض¥Լ߼ܵİ칫ҲŻ豸ûеģֻͨźţǾźţ޷ΣֱӸ¼˶ۡ
Ȼǵĵ飬Ƿˡ
ߣȥͷһ뿪˴¥ڴ¥ͨԱ֪ʲô飬ϰ๤˴ӱǸ߼ܲܳ¶˾ȵı顣˿Ѿժ˷ߣֻһͬսһ·ãģǰһļĹԱһ㶡
㡭㲻üûϰ࣬ʲôȥˣôӣ㿸ŵ˭ȻͨԱʲô֪ȴһϷı顣
ȻԷֱ߹ǸԱܿ쿴˺ڣһæ졭ڣô
ΪļܣǷֹ˾Ǿһ֮֮ϣͨԱȻǳϻ̳Ͽ֡
㣬ڵ绰ûйϣڴ˿ͻȻʵһ̻⣬ȻֻҪˣӦþͿմˡ
ڣ֪ȫˣﻹãкܶѾֹͣϰֻֿ࣬ˣΪеͨѶ쿪ʼͳϣ绰ûûã컹ãҶ˵ȥʳˮˣ𣬲˵ĳֵŸţӦʮСʱھָܻǸԱǹĻشһһȻԸ⿴顣
ˣû¶ˣȥɣȻ˵ֻһ仰ʹ˶Է
Ѿǳˣ˾ѾǿʼƻһεͨѶϾԲżȻ¼˵綼̱ˡڼ˵
㿴ҿ㣬Ȼ֪Ӧʲôޱ飬ʵǺӹ˾ļƻһ̱ͨѶ谭ϢݣǵһѾɹˣҴѾʼҪֹˣôһǲǵƻĵڶʲô
һԵ۾һ̵ǵĵڶңӶеҥԣһֶΣңͻȻ֣νӹ磬Ϊס
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һһµķԸ˵ɣĿ꣬ҲһţȻİŷǳ׵
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˵ͷǸóһ裬߳һŵףĲĽγܳĸо۳Ҷȥ
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ڵݣҪŪһֱǿģǺӹ˾н֧꣬ķҪ֪ļܣǺӹ˾ļһıʹﵽһǧǧҲΪʲôǺӹ˾ְλڱ½𵰵ĸһ
ɻԵìڴϣ˿ìϵ˿ѾḶ̌ȻѪҺһЩɫĿѪ飬ûм񻯣컯ѪҺ˺ɫ
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˿ֻ̱ڻлԲѵì
ôˣһСʵңҲһЩõҩƷڵң϶ҪڿóҪìԽĿǰԴṩ˳
ãҲûоܾìȶβܣɹļҲһ룬ŪһЩԪ뵽컯ҩУȻ¸ìע䣬һì컯ɹ½ϸ飬÷ǳǿ
ڣȻϣԼİԽǿԽá
ĵҺܲڽһСʵңзʩҲʡ顣
ڣӦѾ֪ҵѪҺԺֽƷںϣ伤ͬʱǿԪͬҲὫƷΪ˰ȫ뿪˵꣬ӵ»ŪĸӶȡ˳ͬʱ׶ҲųҪʱҲó
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Ҳû⣬ڵ˽⣬ԷֶоԵˣֻץʱоͲˡ
ҲûϻȻĸѡһ𣬴ϿĸӷֱʲôĸƷʵĿǰҲûпԽԵֻѡһ
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СſڵıһǴ˷УٶȲʻ
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ʦˣӽң˿ȴǷǳ˵ʦʮָ߰ĵ˵ͷֱ߽ӡ
ϴ˵ˣǱ壬ԲŻԲѣҾ㣬һ죬Ƕͻռӵ壬ʱʲôˣҪʽֻнˣôǺ𣿡ʦһӣֱʵ
ͬ⣬˵أôӦʦԣǿɾһӣǧ°ҰӻԣȻ˭żʦҲΪԷڸЩаˮһЩٹҲʦ˵൱飬ΪʦھӣҾͲͶҽ
ðɣԾԣôҽɣҲҡͷȻЩţĶʱûķӣܲöһֱôȥɡ
ʦҲûʲô˻һЩǮҲЩҵףܺùǻҵҲԸ⡣
ô㻹ǲϵҵĻ˵ˣǱ壬һԴˣǶڲʳӵĻǣɹʱӾͲӣһˣңҲ˷ʱ䣬ߣ˵꣬Ҫţת뿪
Ҽˣæסʦ˵˵öԷ£ǸȻΪӣʲô඼Ըԡ
ҲҶ˵ˣ̾һҲһԿš
λǣʦ˿̿ȴǳʵ
һѣģʱ˵ʦһҡͷɵˣ뿪ϵǲ㿴ģ
Ȼ˼ԣҪ뿪
һղһֱû˵ȴڹ۲ϵ˵ʵԷ˵ĻһΪһЩ˵ķ˿̲ǡռ壬˵Ǹʦ˵ģô¡
ֻ֣Էô֪ģ
ɵģʵѧԲķʶĴڣʦһƭӣɵģǵãԷܲķʶЩֶΣԽķȥɾʹˡ
Ȼ鷢ķʶȥǱɣ˵ķǶǶҲԲöԷ¡
ʦҺҲǲ˼ĿһȻԼ뿪ֻ֮ǰ뷨͹˼ɵô뿪
ʦҸպĽѾãûʶҪʶʦܳɹҸպҪʦæȻò⣡˵ͬʱ¶˱GLԿףûӣеʱóװʱ
ȻʦˣԷһ۾Ϳ¶ĳԿף֪ǲƣǽһ㡣
ʦ̬Ҳת䣬һȻˣ³ʶҲãԺ̸Ҳ̸ʣҪ֪ɲ˭ģѣһ԰ĿţҪκ죬ʩֻ뿪
ʦǸͯӵͿʼһȴǴյߣСС㻹װ˵֪Ҷ壬˵ҶշѲͣɶ鷳Ⱥ˵ܸøһѡ
ͶԷС˵ţעȴʦϣԷȥûʲôر֮ôνʩǼ٣᲻԰ķ˺


ʮ 
˼ʦǹŪ飬Ȼûʲô⣬޹ؽҪ־ͺãԷб¿˺ķôͿ϶ֹԷ
νʦʮͨûʲôر֮Ӧƣƫƫ˵ĺʵǳӽҪ
ʦֶӻһੲݵ˵ţһûһӦţ۾ȴǶʦ
Է׼һ㰸ȻǰһѼƷȻ㣬ͭһҡΣһдʡ
ĿǰǺЩɹƭĽƭûʲôﵹ΢˿ǾɵöԷھͺá
ʦľٶԼĪʮӣʮֹȡһڲĶ
һ˲䣬ԭ˵ʦֶӣ˵ͬʱ۹۱ǱǹģӳЩŹ֣ûʱעԷΪڿǺڲĶǱע
ǶŹ֣ΪܵһɼΪϢϢһ¥˹ŹֵԴͷҲ֮ǰܵǹаϢ
ʣ˵ʦֻһƭӣô˿ȡǻʵĶ
ʦȡĶȻһ̳ӡ
̳Զ˵ǹŶҲΪ˿̴̳ӵУɢһɹǿϢϢҲܸоǿĶԿһɹɺɳһĺ̳ڵķ϶͸
üͷһ壬ϳһǻ̳
ǻ̳ľһΪǿ壬ν壬ʵǹ˳Ϊ飬ҲԽ꣬ⶫԪȱȽǣյʥͿ顣
ûԪ磬ͷһμֹģԪĵȼֹһ£Ǹǻ̳壬ȼȻǴﵽ׼
Ѿ൱˲ˡ
ʦ棬ͨףնʦ˼䣬ǹͯڹµͬʱ£ʦ뵽ʦ٣СڵĶس
һµһʱ£ģʮϣƺڹһ򸾻ԥͻȻǹǻ̳Ȼӳһɺٿл㼯һӰģ
һĻͨⱲӶû飬ҶĿɿڴæҲǹ£ΪǰⳬȻһĻȷܻסˡ˳֮ⶼˣȻһ£Ů壬ҪݣҪ˵λʥ
󵨣ӭʦүɵվʦŭ˺һ䡣
ڴ˿̣Ǵӹǻ̳ðĺӰȴ˵һ仰ˣҲߣػ࣬ȵ˿࣬Ӧѧʲô𾴣ȳСڵĶǼʶһҵֶΡ
˵꣬ǺӰವһͷɽӣüͷһȴǽŲŲԼٶҲӣһٶȣͨ˵޷׽ĶӰУƾʧġ
ǺӰոҪ˯е𩣬ͻȻǰվһˡ
ˣȻǸղ治Ը¹Ǹˡ
Ӱ̡סһȻʮɻԷôǰ䣬ܰ
飬ȴúӰһԷȡһذףذϵĺҲƵľ£ȻӰ֪Էذ״ԼԼҲ϶군
һǿҵΣУˣӰʱϸ۲һ¶ԷֶԷϵϢŨʮӰ֪ˡ
ǵһϵֻƾ֣ͿԽԭεãһȳ⣬ͿԽɢΣողʶֻǱϵʹʮ֮꣬ϱսϵʧ٣»ָɣֻշת࣬ججֹ֪ȥ꣬űʦһĵҵؼա
ǺӰƺе£Ͼǳ۳ĹȻ֪ǰ˲ǣҲϡ
ӰһЦСӣ㲻ͨˣܿҲ£Ҫ̳׳СкڵĶһҪԵģһ˺££ôҲ
˵ӰȻԭķţҲǱһƶصһرգҲƺܵʲôӰ죬轵ͬ
ⷬһˣٷ֮ٻ¿ͷȻǹӰѡ˶
ʲôûмթ˵İϷȻϡ
һ壬ҲСУȰȥʦȥŪˣˡЦһ˵Գƹļһ֪Լɱ˲֪飬ɱǲٳԼСС
ǺӰһ̲Ȼŭ

ȻЩɵԷˣʱʵҲ࣬ѰֻܿþŻˣΪѾӵֱӹֶΡ
ӰһԷĹצȻץȥͬʱӰԷԴֻҪԷʶǿֲĻþԴݻٶԷ־ˡ
ºӰ˵൱·ԲˬһȻô˶һԹצûץͱһն䣬ˣԴʶҲ˲䣬ǿʶѹ
ʶռӰĿɿڴĿž޴ޱȵȻһķ֮⡣
Ϊ֪˿ʲô̾ͻᱻԷɱҪ˵ȼԷǿ
ӰҲ·ߣʶΪǿ󣬰Ԫȼ֣Ǵﵽ߼ĴڣӰ壬ʶУһڰϵ⣬ôô
ھ޴ޱȵʶѹ֮£ǺӰܲסֲѹֱӹ򵹡
ǰǰġ
ֲѹ£ӰֻܽͰ͵˵һ仰úͶԷ£ֱӷֳһʶӰȡԷļ䡣
Ӱӵڵо˸͸
˵ʵӰ˵䴫˵еĹǱһǰһϵɼۺ϶ɣȻ󱻷⵽ǹǻ̳С
Ӱû֣Գʦ棬ֻ߹ʦ˵ƣָӣΪйڣʦܻ÷ˮ𣬲ܸף汾֮˵顣
ӰǿֶΣС壬ЩСֻһ˿ʶҲӰ֣һȻĿ꣬Բһʽܽ˵ʦǮӰõݣ˵˫Ӯľ档


ʮ 
û˵ķһ˿ʶѾӰ̳ˣϾķʶϸ˵һߣһʶ壬ֻķҪᣬֻʶںϣ㣬ҡ
Ȼ㰢ķҪ壬Ҳκ˴Űķ
ҪɱӰ˵ֻת֮䣬ʶȼϣӰʮǧֻûɱӰûԪ嶼ֻڴ˵УôһʵĹ꣬ϡҲ֪ӰǸϵʲôȻԪԪһꡣ
ŶԷһֻȴǷֳһ˿ʶǹ굱Уһ͵ǿ˶ԷԸ⣬۶Էʲôطƾһ˿ʶֱӽӰɱ
»ָɵĺӰȻŻˣ֪ʲô޷˵ʶǱ߼̫壬һһĹ꣬ôǴǧϹ
£Ӱ޷߳ʶ֮һʵʵƮһԡ
ʱʦȻҲʧ١ˣ˿ǳѯʣʦүû°ɣղǸˣǲҲȥˣ
Ӱһۣһƣųû£λЭģˣҪǲҪٶԶˡ
⻰ʦȻǲ˵
ڴߣǲ鿴һ°ķȻķʶںѾĽ׶ΣӦмСʱͿԽʱ򣬰ķͻìӰ׻ָԭļ䡣
ʱ䣬Ͼɲ밢ķ߳ʲôӡ
ǺӰʵʵվǰ棬˵ȻƨҷһӰĲУǰӦֻһĵùΪʶԷʶǿֻǧϹӵеǿ壬Ӧһǿǧڣռ˵壬ΪԼڵڶԷԱֵļΪ
ݵİ֮һǺӰʵ𣿡
ûûУǰӰȻԳʦүǰֻװӡ
ҾͽϺڰɣҴļ䵱жȡһһ飬ԭ֮ǰˣʦʲô飿ʵӺӰļ䵱У˺ܶⱾļ䣬мӵĶǺӰľ£ʦӰҲǱйϵֻӰļûиĶȡļʵϲᣬͬһһڣҲкܶطǿհףΪ棬ųʵ
ĻǺӰһ£Ȼ֮ǰͻɣԷӵпԿȷһ㣬úӰޱȣҪ֪ʶ䣬Բһ׵飬һ㣬ǿ䣬嶼˶
ӰǼɵ͹
ǰȷôһ飬ҵһУһƪһЩѧ׭ûпΪ޷ǹϵ֣ƺκ嶼޷Ⱦָǹ飬ҪӰǹ˵
һ㶣ܿ뵽Ӧþʦ
漴˵ͷǺӰ״̳ٽ׭ȡ
ʦЩ㵣ʦүǡ
ȥȥʲôӰˣҪ֪ڵСڱ˼һˣͰԼˡ
ӰʦȻɻ󣬵Ҳҵ飬æȥһչȡһӣȻӻ
ʦүȡˣʦ⹧˵
ýһˣ˲׼ӰʦֻźŶ롣
һݣʦͿŶȣϵԼʦүΣվһԣȻǹӡ
ʦûӦæʵʦүǡ
ʲôңϺڴ˿צֱӴʦｫľӶȻӣ˫ַǰ
ǰˣ
һĻ°ЩûڵϣֱĳԤ֮⣬Ҫ֪Ǳ˭֪λʦү͵ģǻʵİ͸Ŵϵʿ԰˳ȺΪ֮Ե֮һƾɵҵһ飬оʮ꣬Żƽһ׭Դҵ˱еϺڣҲϺڵĹǻ̳
һʼϺڳ֮ЩûϺҲûɱƺϺΪʦүƾϺڵֶΣҲǻķˮڳ˷ӳӣ˼ŮˡͼϺ壬һΣùצµĵƦå˳Ƭ֪Լһ˵ϣûʦүĶ֡
ڣʦүȻֵͬһʵ˼⣬ޱȡ
ֱӽľӽӹ򿪣ȻһʮֹӵĲӣһȫǸָĹŹ֣һ˿ȥֻܵһ㣬оʮƾŹ黭һ׭Ҳˡ
ֻڱѶĹŹ֣䵽ȴ൱Ϥ
ΪϵЩ֣Ԫʦʹõ֣ģ
ԪҲֻкٵʦãǡãʦһһ߼ʦǶЩ֡
ò˵Ҳһû뵽ﾹȻԿáġд֣ʵЩ˼顣˼ĻݣȻֻʮҳֻǿһ㣬̱סˣֱӳС
˵ǾĵģʦǾᣬҪѯʣǿȥɵӣҪȻҲܴһũ쵽ңʦүޱȵôͨˡ뵽ոôûһԷôģʲô
ʮֹվһԣûзҲ˼˼ĳ·ҪǣǸ˾ȻڷǱ飬֣ޱȣоʮֻԶƤëԷӣƺܿһ
뵽ʦүľٶѾ֪ԼӦôˡ
ûпϺȻŸȥǽʱ䣬һһʵʵվ̬ϣϸǱ顣
ʣϵȻǳ׵˵ǸһĴš
ｲġ׭ûԪ﷢ӳǿ˵һԪȴͬڿƬĶ


ʮ ķ
ȻԿһģ˵ʵҪ˼ȴǺѶȣжǹڸַ׭ؼںڲϺ͡á
ʲô
ϽͣΪԪĶдһģûԪԪĶ
ֶͼ򵥳֮ΪѡȷĲϣճӵķ׭֣ٸԡô׭ǿԷӳЧ
ƪķ׭ȴϰ֣صĲʮ֣ÿһöͬȻûա޷׭ȴǿԿģ֪׭ĹЧ
ò˵׭ЧͿƬ޼еĿȥûʲôʵЧԡɢķ׭ֻǱ彡꣬еķ׭Ǽǿͬʮַ׭оǿġ׷׭ͺϵƬһһνɱˣع׵ȴ˵ļΪţǾĸ֡

˼ܼ򵥣׷׭еĿ꣬ɡ
ãƬٷְٻɱ֣δЩʡȻ׭ȤˣûԪ˵ǼѸ㵽ԪȱǿĹֶΣȻӦе˿׭ĳ֣һյ
ڹе˿û⵽ʱţȵһԴϵ𩣬ҲǰķŵһŻع
ʱɫȻҹ˿ʱ䣬ȻѾȥСʱʱ䣬Ϻںǻʦһֱվ
Ϻڻ˵ǸȴȤôͼʹ棬Ҳһ˲ţ뵽Ĳ˻кܶ๲ͬġ
ֻЩעĶڹעģѵİķ
պãϵİķ߻ֻ˿۾һʱãһ˫۾Ȼ͸һ˿⣬ϸһͫȻǱ˱֮ɫʮ
һ̣ˡ
۵ɾϺڣϾ˭һƯڿеĺӰһǴ˿СС͵ȴһ㶼£ֻǿһۣνתߣֱӱԣһ̣۾
һ˲䣬۾һ˿˲˷˴ӴһԾ˵
ķķȥֻĺһϣǼ˾δ
һĻϺںȴһȻһһŷӦ˹ֲöԷԸأԭǹʶȻǲҺ˵ֻʵʵһߡ
ķѾʶںϣӦÿ˵ˣİķļ˵һɻʲôһ˼ˣҸоһΣΪ׷ҵĵһԴѪȥԭˣңҪɱңķķֻҪصһԴѪ㣬ķһ߲ʹâߣ֮󣬾Ϳʼˣεұһˡ
Ȼ֪ڰķɻ󣬱Ͼʶ˿ںϳΪһˣһʼ϶һЩңֻҪʱƣ˾ͻĳΪһˣķ𩣬ǰķ
ѾȵĽޱȵ̲ס˽һݣͿſϵĶӡ
𩣬ˣ
ҵıӣˣְ֪֪ˣ
ҪԼӵķ¶һ˿ɻһ˿Уһ˿ԥ
İķļСķĸĸȥ˵˵ɣ
ȻʶʱҲչֳķҲЩܹȥʱһžۣ˵൱ˡ
ӣ۾ôˣʱϸĵҷ⣬̳ʵ
ȷһ⣬Ͼֱô˵Բ˵飬ҲзӣΪ˻氢ķ͡
һϺڣϺ̴һ£˼Ϻڴ˿ȴǿһװظеѾɹֻҲǶӵͫɫ޷ֱ仯кôģԺһ˫۾Ժа֡
Ϻڻϰ꣬汾ûѧ٣ƭ˳ıȴһһǿʼҲ̷Ӧæһƣһ°ϵɽ룬ҡͷԵ׬ˣֱ֮ͫʦүײʩչģһԱͫ⺢Ժ˵ǰа֣δ
ʦĽͣȻȻһЩɻ󣬵Ҳǲȥע۾飬ҲԼĺ⣬רһЩص飬ںʶİķԴٲɣѾٷְȷǵĶӡ
ΪֹҲǽԴϲ򸾵ķȻָʶôʱҲԣϾҲļң˵ðķһָĸ۰ҲǺ¡
߳ӣһȻǲףΪʲôǸҸ׵ǣΪʲôʦʦʦүǸƺ൱
ʱϺ͵͵ǰҵûصǻ̳Ϣˣһֱ棬ҵҲˣκηԸٻңϺ浽
ȻϺѾǳҪȥҲʾһʶڶԷڣȻ¶Էǣǵͷͬ⡣
Ϻɴ⣬ȴ͵͵һȻƮȥһ˦֣һź˹ǻ̳УϺڲڣҲûɿΪϺڽǻ̳ͬʱһ仰
ҵǰмǲɵ
ʵϾϺڲ˵Ҳ֪ô죬˿ͯЩթ˵ļһʲȻߵǰʮֹҪʲôʲôܷԸͺã
һ£һС£Ŀɿڴ˼ĿʦҪ֪ʦƽʱǱǿ׳ˣԱ˺ɫ˵Ѿǰڵˣ˿̾Ȼ˵ĺһ˵ʵǴĳǵԤϡ
ⲻ֪ʦ˿ȴһ뷨ȻҪԶɽҪȻһʦүҪ͵ĿɽְͽĻҲͲʦˡ
ҡҡͷֻǵûˣȥɣ
ֱǳ˾ƫƫʦʮãһ񣬾Ҫ뿪
ʱ򣬿ĵͻȻϨΪѾ߰˵ӣ˲ޱȡ
ôͣˣȥֵ磡˵꣬ȥֵˣҲûͣ統¶ֲֻ֮С
ߵȥȴüͷ壬Χסլ¥Ҳͬһʱ̱ڣ·ƣԼԶĳ


ʮһ ó
ʼˣ
Ȼⲻͨͣ磬һͣ޷ָģǺӹ˾ƻôķչԽȥͣ粻ʱԵģȥǵͺȼҲֹͣӦᷢʲôֻҪǸ˾ܲµˡִУûеͺȼԭӵһɼΪֲƻ
˵ͨѶжϣֻҵУôڣʮٱ
ȥʳˮɣı껹лĻ⣬ʲô˵Σգȥʦ˵һ䣬ȻŰķգգ۾Ȼ˳ȥ
Ȼķָ䣬ôðķϾĸĸķ𩣬ʵϾһˡȻ뷨ӻָķʵ£ðķﷴҪȫһЩϾ¥һʵĹ
뿪С¥£ȫΪͣܳ̽Ϣľûֱӿڵı
·Ѿȷһ£һͣ磬ȫзΧյƱڻԻֵͣĶҹ˿ȴһƬڰû˵ֻܽõƻֵЩ档ΪʵҵԵʣһ̨СͷԼ㹻Ĳͣ㹻֧űڣʵҵõ磬˿ʵо컯ҩ
ìֳһҰӪָվſڣ䵱̴˴šӰСѾˣǰҪ󣬲ɹһӰõĸϹìһҰӪ
ֻĲûлԷ֪ĵַӦǰͻŶԣǣҲûл
ΪͨѶѾжϣ֮ǰ뿪ʱڵĵַѾ˵۳ɹԼ˻֪ͨԼ
ǵڣûõϢҪ֪ȥǾѾȥ߸СʱȥһһҲһСʱȻǱ߳⡣
һԼֱһҲ⣬Ҫ˽ãȻúԼϤǸһˣϸ˵ҲһˣͬԸ˼άԸ񣬲ôʱ䲻ϵûнӦôϢ
ǡ
뵽ͻȻʲô̶΢ڵ˵ʮκη紵ݶӵùĶ䣬һСìӰȥװϣ⣬һһս
Ļûһ˻ɣ׼ǽذȡȡ׶󡣬ųСͻ׶̴ӴȥڰУ֮ƿ˳ȥ
Ժ⣬ͣһһαֱľ˴Ӹʻλʱպô򿪴˳ȥ
Ǿ˿һ㶣ӭȥ
ãǾŶӪӪֱξǣ˼ϵľȻУӪͬʱﻹʿһһվֱߣ࣬ǹףװǹ
û˵ֻǿһ۶Էˣֿ˿ͣŵľ
ԳֱУӪҲЩ죬ظһߣλξǷؾ˵ﲻȫߡ
˵꣬һԣߵʿЩˣֱԲ׼ʲô˼˵һ飬ȴǼֹ
˵ˣ㣬û𣿡ʮȻʳһöԷĿĻ
˶һ㶡
ʲôֱʶһ䣬ܿ죬ʶʲôȴȻһ䣬ͻȻǹҵʿҲһ
ϧ˶죬Ҳ첻
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ԼһΣԵʲôˣ


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ڵƾǣ˲ҲˣңҾŪ㡣
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ֱһ˵˵μӹսϱɱɱöˣȻһɱϱһۣܸûˣԭֱԴ֮Աǣмһˣˡ
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ﲻȫˣǻطܴߵĶߣڣʵǰ᲻ˣʱ˵ղѾʹǸֱ󣬺Ѿ֪ȫͶ¶ƭȡǵĵַãȻ֮ͬǰ²ھӺһЩԱУҲкܶ˱Ǻӹ˾򣬷Ǻӹ˾Щ飬صסΪЩ棬ŻᵼΣױ
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ԹЩǧŵ޷ֵջ󣬾͸˵ͨˣǺӹ˾ΪֶŻôΪ
ǾѾֱЩ˸ˣԭ˾һЩ߼ٶɱİɱ˵ǰѾӹȨһУ˿֪ΪͨѶĹϣһʧҲûʲôСֵģʶһʱѾˡ
ȻǸǼƻꡣ
Ȼˣ֪ԼǱҪŲطˣΪѾ¶һʮȫװʿôһΣĺܾܿʿװ׳ˣʱǳԼ˶ԲҪģȻʩȫҲò뿪
ֱа࣬Ѿ׶ĵġ
ˣֳ뿪ߵС뿪ʱΧѾֵھӣȻҲûЩˡ
ڳȡ˼ͨѶڡ
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ò˵̫Լĸ߿ƼһʧȥЩ޼ƿʩˡ
ȥģСʱʵ
ȻǺӹ˾϶֪СìӰס˵޴ȥֻһѧ˲֪ĴڣǿȥûкӣҰŮȥҲܼӵı
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ȻЦˣŵĺȻԪǾͺʶ֮³ǣΪұۡ
ȥûԪ־ͳһЩһڼҴģ
¶˾ɫڿںת̬ȡ
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֪ڿ϶кܶ໰˵˷ʱ䣬ǣҪȥһǾҪȥþȳͬʱȥһЩѡ
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ߵʱװŵɫҩƿעҺ
컯ҩһ˲˸СʱҵЩҩһЩµ컯ҩȻЧܲǸã޲컯ҩı׶ˣʹҩ֮˲ٱֹֻἤǱܣⶫãϰɣ˵
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ֻ룬ֻȡҩʣµĶڡ
ֻʣµļԼעһҲע䣬ڵƻԽԽңʱҲҪԱ֮⳵вǹеҲѧʹǰɡһҸ棬֮Ҫ뿪ìӰһȥ
ܶȥҪڣˣӰ԰ңìҪãҲīˣһȥˣԷǳΣգϾǿӵаǧ˵ľڵԼͬʱʮǹеҲˣУҲûԪıǿҲή͡


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ϳ֮ݸӰһ컯ҩӰǺԥעˣ컯ҩעǱܣǿȡ񾭣ҲӾǿ˵ǿһ֮䣬Ӱע֮̽һֱֽԵУⶼķӦΪҩڸ壬ʮӵ컯̣Ӧ˾ǿӰ֣ѾĿĵء
ȻݳٶȿľˣʱҲҪĵͷ
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濴ȥͬʧȥ˵ΪӦĹϵһЩطŵƣԿŸгǹʿվڣƺһжƽʱһ
ֻȴһַĸоӰǰ³ŹѰҺʵƸߵ㣬ǿ֮ԣȫڵĵطԿһ
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ǱϢģǽȾͲһˣаڸɵرǷźţҪ뿪䱸ɭϵľѶҲܴһ֣ڶǹейǿɲǺġ
ҲҪ֣ӰһǹһӰȻΪҪҲΪеʹȻȥ
Χǽܸߣ˿ѲߵʿѰ˾ԲңҲûǱЩ˵⡣
һԾ̤ǽڽֱӷǽڡ
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˿һӺӰУǰ߹ȥʿȴǿ׼ֱӳȥѸٽ˻ȻϵӺ
Ϊû䵥Ѳֻ߱һŪˣ˵ҲûʲôѶȣһʿ·˰һֶΣ㲻ɱҲȷСʱѲˡϾ֪ͨʿʵϲ֪ʲô£ִֻЩ࣬У١
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󣡡Цˣ̤Ьٴһܲ˳ҵû뵽ôͿˡȻ鷳ǱѺŽǸǳʲô顣
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ʱһʿ᲻Ǵˣʮһ𣿡
ҼǵʮˣˣҼǴ˰ɣһʼ˵ǸʿȻҲȷѡ˿ʵҲҲסһֻҪ˵ʲô̾ͻᶯ֡
˳ĸǰʿ뵽ڡ
ڽʿӹԱʮһ˱ӵһ뵽һη
Ӹղſʼͷһԣˣ˶Ŀͣͬľżһ㣬ǽ뵽ηҲͬľ׮һվޱȡ
֪һǳ⡣
ϸ۲֮Կ϶Ǳ߻Ǳעĳҩɥʧʶʬһ㡣׼ᣬƶߣָڶԷĶͷԼʶ
ͬʶѹƣǴ˯һȻֻҩǱӡ
ʱ̽飬˳ʶмŰ״ӵ߹żɥʧʶʿ˳ȥһߣŰ״ӵ˻ڽ̸
ղżƷ޷ֵʬķһμסҩҪٷô࣬˽ʬߣ˾ǵʬʿ֮ǰ޷ɣǶ֪Ҹʿһܵ˴˿˵ʱ򰡣ѾżľګʿߵȾͷȻһתʧ٣֮Ľ̸Ҳ޷ˡ
ʬ룿ЦһǺӹ˾Ȼѧͷ˾Ȼоʬ⽩ʬӦú֮ǰ컯ƣˣǺӹ˾ɱ¾ͬ˵һļ棬֪ǻʲôֲĶ
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ָʶȻ֪עʲôڵʶѸûãֻҪڻҩЧͻһֱ״̬ҲûпƬþƬҪЩãȻзӡ
ΣֻʱʱмŰ״ӵ߹һΣǴ˸ʿȥʵңо󣬵ѧ˵վֱȻԼʿһ߳η


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ǼоԱڶʧȥʶͬʬһʿһܿʵңгǹ֣ǰվһһű齩Ӳһʿں棬װʬĳȥ
ȻЩʬ֮ǰԷ˵ɶʿ˿̣мŰ״ֵоԱ֮ǰǸܼˣһע֮ǰʿע䡣
ԿЩעеҺֵһɫϸСĺɫڿζעʿʼ֫鴤ܿ죬ƤͻѪɫʮּӲ¡˫۳֮ɫɢϢϸоԷֹͣˡ
ֱע˽ʬʿҲǺӹ˾һע⵽ǰվʮرߴʿЩʿҲǱע˽ʬֻҪǿ󣬲ˣǻƤϲ֪ʲôǶСһĸƬǴŸּһ㣬ȫǲ¡𣬼ֱǿ׳˼㣬ŵʽͻǹһѾ޴ʣЩǺɱ¾һ
ѾǳˣǺӹ˾;ĸ߼ٹᣬһЩʿƷֻĽʬʿЩʬʿʵǳǿͨĽʬʿҲԴﵽһı׼ǰʮĽʬʿʵٶﵽ˶ı׼мﵽı׼װͻǹսǾͿƿֲˡ
ȻЩʬʿǺӹ˾ĵ˶׼ġ
ЩоԱĶܿ죬עһһע䣬ܿҪֵ
̾˿ȻܿעֽʬҪȻҪˡ
ĵˣѾϢȫɱǳǹͳʮ⻹ʮоԱԼǱѾעĽʬʿԼһ֮Ҫڲ¾ˣǲܵ顣
뵽ϣҪ׼֣ʱͻȻǰͺʮװǹеʿЩʿֱϰźɫ˿һǳΧǹ
Ȼܹѵɾ䣬һ㶼ˮֻգ֮䣬ʮڱɱǹĻᶼûС
ʮ˿ʿ̷ֹȷоԱľ䣬ɣʮоԱҲɫɷףǹҲˡ
ǸоԱܴ˿ɽȴǰһԼȥȻ밴еĳһʱһӵ͸ƣܲҽһٲ
ҪЩʿķΪǻԸ𣿡棬߽ˣͷһһƲľ٣һ㣬мţߣһŮˡ
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壬ллҳ벻ڵǾѾǺӹ˾ˣô˿ɫߺޡ
ҲǾԲߣû뵽˾Ȼ£Ҳǿ˶˾µϢ֪ǰսӵսʿǸʱպÿ֪϶֪飬֮㱻ҪȨ¶ԾһȳҲ֪࣬һУȻǺӹ˾ļƻι˿Ҳһŭ˿ȴעʿϸǱߣЩǵıǵֵܣǾȻʵ飬ֹֱ񹲷ߣҵһ͵͵̽鱨ЩͨĳƣֻҪͼôǾͲ˿в
Ȼι˵֮ǰǸҪ͵͵̵顣
Ǳֹǵļƻнͨ档⣬һмǣ˾ӦûȥڣҲȥǣʱ˵
ǱˣƾЩˣôƻ˾ļƻʵǣĳУǺö٣һ֮ǰѾҲǵһЩСңǺӹ˾ǴȰǻһƣδ磬ǽ֮أ֮أǱƱܣһ˵⣬Ϊû˷ʵڼǰѾ͵͵˾ťӦѾΧʿҪĽʬʿҲȨ޿ơ
ԷĻιɫ䣬һ̣𾯽ʿܻųǱΧˣ˼װ̹˳ڿڶѾˣô죿
ôιɫѿʿǶʮȻܺĵ˶ԿҪǣԷĿͿԼĽʬʿô鷳ˡ
ƺΪӡ֤Ĳ²⣬ԭһڶཀྵʬʿ˿ͻȻһ̧ͷҰ׵͸׹⡣
ãι㻹û˵꣬ͼЩʬʿһʿͻȻԱߵһʬʿ˵һҧ˺
ǸʿֲȻҲûӦֱӱҧƺ۾ð˴Ѫ鴤һû˶
ͬƺ˲䱻Ľʬʿ˲䱻ȫͬʱʼΧʿգ֮䣬ʮڶιʿɱʣµķӦҲʼǹֻʬʿǸоʹһ㣬ǹҲǻͷǲŻ
ֲǣʮͽʬʿǲĽʬʿֻսǿԲٿͻǹǾ޴˿ʮͽʬҲʼ׼һǼսǻڼɱιõˡ
ʱһͽʬʿҪͻǹɨ䣬Դһ̾ͱն䡣
նͷ­ڿУһۿɼıڵϹȥԶͽʬʿ󣬴˿ҲͻȻһӰֳһذףҿ˲ֻɱͽʬʿ
ɱͽʬʿȻٶȵƣھͽʬʿûпʼǰΪǿɱʣµľͽʬʿҲ̿ʼתǹͷ
о洫ΣգһƳ㵽ǰһͽʬʿ󣬶һ̣ͻǹӵɨΧƷķ飬ǰǸͽʬʿҲ꣬ͬһ⡣
ҲЩͽʬʿǶ˸ְ壬ҪȻͻǹӵԴ͸壬кˣҲ֪Լֻʱ䣬֮Լͻ᳹ױ¶ڶԷĵĻ֮¡


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Ĵھ³ǹ˿Ҳȡֱ̧Ӽ䣬ͽʬʿԴ飬ǹ׼ӵֱӴӾͽʬʿۿ룬ӺڴСѪЩǿľͽʬʿҲԵֵھǹ
ߵսӿʼֻʱ䣬ȻҲǱ߶ι˵ע⣬Ťͷһһ۾Ϳֳذ׺ǹһϰѾõľͽʬʿŵٶȿӹʮ׵ľ룬ڿлһþӰӣһ̻ӶذףһͽʬʿԴͽʬʿԴͽһ߳Դ˸顣
СģʱÿһͽʬʿѾǽͻǹǹڶ׼ĺԣֻҪ۶̴ھӵͻԴ顣
ֻûδ䣬ǾͽʬʿͿ۶˰ڴ֮ǰػǹǹڱ̧ʮ֣ӵȫգ̧ǹڵľǿķ񾭺ٶʱ˷Ӧ̧һУͽņ̀ߣӵһ̣ñǹڶ׼Աߵһͽʬʿͬʱһֻ˦һذ׵˷ɵһ´̴һ׼úͶιֵľͽʬʿĺԡ
ֻͨذףȻ޷һɱͽʬʿǼӳֹĵذףôͲһˣǸùľͽʬʿԴֱӱ䶳ɱ
תǹѾǸͽʬʿǶ˸ƬƤҲȫֵͻǹ˵ͻǹǿֻƬ̶ԷͱɱûذףһȭŻǹľͽʬʿɱһȭ˰ٷ֮һٶʮɱɱ¾ߣͽʬʿɱ¾ߣһȭֱӽԷǻ飬߹Ǻͼ׵ҲǶѣͬʱ˱Ƥ¶˳
̶ʱѾеľͽʬʿɱǱ߻дͨʬʿڶιѾعʼηͨʬʿ̫ˣٳһɱҲǳ鷳
еľͽʬʿŤͷһȻ󼸲Ǹ׼ߵоܸץ˻оԱҪô˸ղŻҵǹսУҪôĽʬʿɱֻܣЩʬʿƺṥȻ⵱йŹ֡
ʱûʱ̽еԵɣȻǷܵļֵôҪá
ܣһԾ䵽ߣʱ϶ιֻʣˣʣµ˶ѾڸղŵսУҲ죬ҪȻǶ
ͬԤϵģץǸΧĽʬʿ㲻ҿֻվţÿֲĻɫ۾ˡ
ˣǰȫˣǹˣ鵯ҩιҲǺܿ췴ӦѾǰ˽̸֪ԷԼˣ߾ֻʿţѾʣǸ˳ֽΧǾһ˶ˡ
㡭ôÿ֣ǴɱʮͽʬʿѾǾǼϾʵڳԤϡ
û£Ǽ򵥵һֱУȥҪץǣɱˣӶԷ֪Ծˡ
õͷҪͷҲûʱʣ˵Ҳ֣˿̿˵Ǿƫƫ֮ǲˣ˿ɽ˾֧ԭòϲ˵ĸԣڵ»̫Σգ˵кüζΪڣںܶ»˹
Ȼʶʱ䲻ȴһָоƺͶԷʶܾһֿε֡
˿̵ȻΣڣǾͲǾ
ȰǷңſһ£ƾˣֻ·һǸץסܴ˿̼ΪɵĿһۣȻ˵Ȼ˵ͬʱԻرĿ⣬ƺΪ¶Էһ
һ㷴ӦȻǿײ׽ԷֱֻֿܣȻʶԼ֪ԼȻ֪ܶôǺӹ˾ĸ߲ӦҲ֪һֱɣڵ»صǺӹ˾߲㶼ֻ֪Ǹʱֻܼأ޷ı档
ôԼǺǺӹ˾îϾˡ
죬ٷϻҾͱ㣡ιʱһ䣬ȴǰһ׼ľ
ǰڰ֣ȵҲǾˣֻΪ˾ó
˵꣬Ǳ˻ʶ״̬ǳǸоܵô£
һָָվĵطȽԶûܵ
ǸоƺΪֱǴһ£һ˿־塣
ǳҩʧȥʶʮСʱҩЧͻȥܾȻʵʵ˵
ҵȲʮСʱŶԷ͸һɱ䡣
˵ģûнҩҩҲûнҩҾȻҲûãбҼߵܣǲܷ뿪ģҲҵܿͻڻ״ݻǸܶ˵
ó˲û˵һ̣ʶ뵽ԷͷԵУҲӡ֤Ĳ²⣬֮⣬һЩڶԷļ䣬ȻĲ࣬Ҳǽµļɻ
Ȼˣ»ص飬Ǻӹ˾֪ģһ۴˿̿°ĭĶԷȴڶԷĶƤȡһ΢оƬ
ⶫʶֻҪǺӹ˾ṥͿӵоƬˣȻǺӹ˾ԼõһգϾϣҲҪԵİȫϡ
ЩͬӶԷȡģǿжȡĺ֢Ǵһɰ׳һˣ԰ķȻʿɶֹɶȡԷļ䣬Ƕܣȴǲ˼ɡ
Ȼ޷ָʶҪ֤Էֵ˺
ô죿ѾرΧ̹˳ҲǺӹ˾Щƾǳȥġιʱ˵ҲˣͨˣܶԷʲôˣ¶ԼˣͻΧô˵ʲôҲûá
ųӳȥʲôƻһ䣬ȴǲµĴ
ι㶢һۣȴǵ˾Ա֮ǰѾ⣬ǰһŵıϷפھʮҴȥҵıȻͬʱϱǸߵ쵼
ҡҡͷ˶ιĻһȰȥˣһطҪ׻ϵϼǸãܣͱϵˣһҴһߣ
ָָһմһҪ֤ǵİȫ


ʮ ȫ
ô˵зι۾һҪ֪ڵ¾ҲûãǧʿΧڣһֻӬ¶ɲȥ˵Ǻӹ˾ˣֻˣЩҩģҲʮˣôɹ
ûзӣԾ֪ˣȻҲ֪ܸоΣԽԽȻ˺ܿͻᷢһĸ֪ҲԼԲﵽĴڣټǿĻڣֽ£ֻһˣаն뿪áͶιǾ;ԲܣߣȻҲܣǶι㣬ҲܾҲ
Ҫ˶ȳȥ뵽ֻһְ취ǾңҲһĻҡ
ʱͻȻǹͺֻǳģ㶣֪һӰʿ׼ڸԼʱ䡣
ͬ²ʿȷ׼ԶӰȻǽһж֪棬ΣָֻӹٵɱˣҲ¶λãϰ˹Ӱ֮תƣӹһ١
ҹĻ£ҲӰṩ˺ܺõαװһɫĶǿǿͨʣߣΧֻһЩͰķӣľ͵߸ˣЩĵص㣬ÿһԴһ
Ӻ󣬴ӾǱͻȻӰٳӰڵλãӰѣ̷ЩӰһ㶡
ȻЩӰࡣ
Ϊ಻ӵַ˼ٶȣϸЩӰʿ·ͷҪߣǿ׳ÿһﶼץһѵ
ɫĵںҹҲ᷺âֻԽˣԽ˸оһŵɱӰҲϲΣգȻЩǳԼģսӰһвϹ룬ˡ
ֻܰ㵽һˣӰ֪ܼɧŵˣҲ֮ǰģһȫΪأӰ֪ʵЩһǹڣҲԲܽ
һ֧ʸӰٴһҹɫмʮһӰԵڵأϽƳɵǼͷ͸ǿǷҲֱ䴩һӰֱӽԷԴ䴩Ҳֻ·һ
һ̣Ӱһݶ£ٳ룬ͬʱ׷ɱĺӰһһɱ
ʵ¥Ѿ˾ϡ
һ޷ô濹⣬Ǽ׶ҲУڣ뵽һ취޴ĻңȻô֮޴ĺ֢Ԥϵĺûӣֻô
Ϊ˾Լˣ޴ĻңҲϧϵĿڴȡӡ
ЩǴӵ»ڶάȵĿƬƷԭûκμֵֻҪѪͿԲֲЧ
Ǿֲķʵʵڵٻ
׼ãһֻң̾ߣһǵ󣬼סҪͷҪɣԸһ䣬ι˵ͷ˵ʲôȴЩֹ
֪ûʱˣһӣȴǻָѪϣһ̣Ŵ棬ѾɢâĽ˳ȥ
ԽӼ˲ȡԪ޷ĻңΣֻڵȺмĻңԪʲôģֻʱˡ
ؼʱ̣ȻǿԷֵػ
ӷײƲٷɳȥϰԶȻ䵽ȺУ˻ûзӦʱӷֱ𼤻
ءءأ
ð𣬵ʿһָӹٵһӦףܿͷ֣ûıըЧ
ףáһָӹ˵ֻûķŻضĿֲĻҲŸոݡ
һУȻһ޴ĺӰͬһСС˲һײҼޱȵļֱ̣һʿ̴ȻŨУʿĲҽгһӱȻֹʣµֻпֲ֫;׽
ǹΧһɫ԰׵ĺǹ׼ӰʼӵʱһУʮªޱȣֳĹЩ˫۳죬͸һɷ沿һͲ࣬һ˫ִּ⣬ﳤϴľ塢ƤƳɵ¼ףȫϣٶȼ죬ֱӳΧʿһʿոտһǹͱ޴ҳࡣ
ֵģһȺйһʮֻͷ߰ССеˣ˫۲λһѻĺɫ򣬶˫ȣͬӥצһ㣬޴󣬷ޱȣϳëȴĳһŮӡЩЩֳļһﻹҪ£ǵٶȸ죬ԷУһ˫ͬӥצӵĶÿһ£Խһʿ˺ãࡣ
ֲģǵһеĹһܵľӵĹ£еǸӰɲɽƺȫûЧһ̣޴ĺӰȻ޴ǰ֫Ȼصڵϡ
һ̣ǰһƬʮףȴﵽ׵ڣȻӵ˲̳һ׵ļ̡
Щ̿ĳֽƳɵģţǵĲʺ񣬵ȻҪӲ
ﳬʮʿһ˲䱻̵ǧٿףЩ̵֧飬֫бۣɢһأʮʿ˲Ҳֱӱϣһء
һ£ֱסˣһɢӰչֳʵò
һͬСļ׳棬ִĳȣǰ·˫һĳ֫˼ޱȣ˿̸Ƿһ˿ʵĹâ
޴׳ǼӲޱȣͬһ㣬ӵЧֻʮϸ΢Ļۡ
޴׳棬˶Ŀɿڴ¶ŵı飬ںİȫɴʿǺӹ˾߼Ҳһ𾪡
⡭ǵڶάľ׳棬սʿӥޣ찡⾿ô£һ߼ָָԶĹ˵
Ǹˣǹ˾ĸ߶Ȼܣһ˵ѪҺԼĸƷĳ磬˵һδ˾ǸˣԲߣסһУһܴ˿ŰĺֻǺʵˡ


ʮ ׷ɱ
ֲֿĹһ֣ŵĻңǹкһţʵ¥һĻ̴˴һӳͬʱ׶󸣬޴󻯣ǰ渺·
׶һؿһӣҴ˿̾󲿷ʿ˻ңˣսʿ󣬴Ŷιøǰ׶һ·Ҳ׶ɱʱ̹˿ˣȻǸΪֲľ׳棬޴ڵǼ׳ϣȻֻǺһСȱڣȻʱܺƼ׳ǡ
Ǿ׳ȻǱŭˣ̻Ӷ޴ǰ֫ϻɱˣһһʩչһ̣֫ǰһƬʿȫɱ
һĻҲʮ𾪣û뵽׳澹Ȼʩչ󣬾׳һϵļ׿ǣȻһʹȫ϶С׳棬ЩС׳ָֻСڶ࣬Ȼ˺ҧΧʬУһʬٿʮֻС׳档
ֻʱ䣬ЩʬͿʼʹͬ򣬵ȵʹһ̶ȣͻȻըʬﱬֻС׳棬ͺȻһҲ࣬ЩС׳潫ʬ嵱ǵķֳ
ЩС׳ʱڣӵǧֻٶȷǳ죬ϵ˵壬ʼ˺ҧѣֳҪ˵̶ֲȣЩС׳һλҹɫ£˭ԵֵЩСӣʿ
ЩǻңͿ־壬Ϳ־˿ͬһٴȾǧʿԹ˲ϾŶιǣɹͻΧۿҪӳڰУʱ򣬿ͻȻܾ޴ĺɫ˫ɻЩɻǡӥʽɻֱͷɻص㣬գ֮ͽӽһֲ̣Ļͬһкڵķ򹥻ȥ
ڶԷ֮ǰѾǲΣգǴһֿܣҵĳǵ˾ߡ
˸ܿף͵ˡ
һιʿѣֱӱһӵУڻصͻǹ£̱ӵ޴Ķܹᴩ˺ѣѪҺ罦ʮԶʬͬƲڴһɢһأͻǹƻֱľˡ
Сģ˿Ƥһһǰ׶ͷι㡢Ȼһ˦ʮԶһ룬ӵһƬ׶ҲֱӱУ屻顣
һ˲䣬׶֮佨ϵֱӱжϣȻֻһֿܣǾ׶󸱻ɱˡ
һȻ׾ͱɱʵһȻԷõͻǹǿǾʽһ棬׶ƤֵֻܵͨӵҪûԪܵǿҲˡ
ûʱϧԼĿǰΨһһūͣΪһ̣ӵԼк
ӿٶȣһߣ˿ǣͷǼܺɫӥװɻû׷϶ιǣǵתһѷԼߣӷɻͶµļǽ
أ
һѷӵڵϣǼӲˮ棬˲ƻƤֱӱǱһ
ֻǱԼٶȣǰǾΧǽһû˿ھΧǽ߰ԶĵطһԾֱ׸ߣ߸ԾΧǽڼ䣬ͷļܷɻӵǸĲһ·ɨǺصΧǽӵը֮£Ҳֱ鵹ͨͻǹ޷䴩ǽڣڻػǹ£ͨǹשһֱӻ顣
ڰеʱһӵֱۻֱۻһѪۣкȻһ䵽˶ʮ׿⣬ٶȼ񱼡
ܷɻ׷ɱڵȷһ£Ǿ⼸ܷɻǳģͻڼѾ͵ԼսϵĻһǿˣֻԻɱԪ弶ĸ֡ЩɻӦǺӹ˾У򲻻ֻ׷ɱԼһˣȥѾܵɱЩʿǺӹ˾в̫ԲŻӡ
̶һʱѾ񱼳ȥ룬ٶȺһʻһʱΪ˶ͷҪ任ٶȣȻҪ˦ͷӥɻǲһƬΧнУҲֵܷܵɻĿը֮ǰ㵽һĹУԷȻֱӷ˼öԵصǸը졣
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ҹɫУͷɻĺӺ˼ŹֵļХ
Ҳҷ䵼һȴǼæܣԿöβĵٶȼĴŷ϶Ȼ߰״Ȼըһһöը˲串ֱʮ׵ͨʮ׷Χڣܵ˺Ǳըĳƣࡣ
ֻоԼƺǱһžһײڱ˲ɳȥϰԶȻصײһͣ·ߵ·ϣȻ޷ֵĳƲֱײ·һҵ̵Ĳ淭˼£ײһǽڲͣ
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һѪͷһôصˣӵǿ̫ͨ壬һ뱬ըĻ̫ˣ޴Ļͳ·˸⣬ضˣ߹۶ϣλڳѪЩ鷳ģ鷳֮ǰըһƬ˸Դ˿ѾΣǼޱȵĸƬϡ
Ԫǿըô˵ңаγ͸ǸƬ֣Լֱ۾Ȼȫۣá


ʮ ʼ
ʱŲȴŤͷһһ㶣̵ĺ澹Ȼסˡ
裬裬ˣһԵǱߣ߹һżЬСŮС˿һ
ܿ죬СŮĸĸҲˣĲ״ҲĿɿڴ־¡
Сӣ㡭ôˣû£סȥҽԺóһĳһʱôˡ
ֻȴ̳һںߣ
ԽԽ֪ܿͻܵըʱһڿ϶ɣּñúˣͬҲѪ
һڷһˣ۾һɣ̺
һΣǴɱȻǽһסˣǷ򸾼æẓ́ܳȵܳȥʮ֮ĵ̷˾ҵıը
һѾܳЧɱ˷ΧըĳڵҹգһŵĿɿڴȻ˵ģǳ뿪ͻһ¥ľһڷ
ԭֱߵ߲¥˿ѾȼյΧھҲܳûе磬绰޷ʹãûӱ
ӥս˿ҲϿգܻ䣬ʣһڿо䡣
ӥսУܿʮȫװĺˣЩһ֣̽ǶὨΧӷɻϣҲһװˡ
ܣĿ걻ѹڵĽڣӦѾһ˶ӳ߹ͬʱֵǷЭǾԿЩͻȻֵĹǲǲ̫׵Щƿصģҵڹ˾ҲһɲСˡ
Ťͷ˿ڹ˾սСӵĶӳ˵ͷ˵ĲϧһдۻɱϰԽ飬Ϊܿϰ壿ղҲˣĿٶǿȺӵеģǹ˾ƳЩеҲȲˣ˵ѪҺ֪ΪʲôԼڶάĸƷļֵϰԸҪҪʬȥʬɡ
˶ӳֻǵͷʱԶȻ޴ıըͳĻ⾪һƬľ졣
ǣǻǵ£߼Ťͷ˿ʻľ˵
˶ӳͷһƣӭȥֱӾ
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ֻܿͱԶ뱬ͷ죬ڲʮʱﱻɱ˸⡣
ĸ˺ܿӣȻѵأսˡ
һĻΧһЩͳ濴ֵҲŵûûˣһԶЦЩ춼ɱ˵ɱˣһЩѾʱһ¼пһЩ⣬ȻҪˡ
ʮźɫߵĺ˿ǰˮʯ壬Ѱѹ
ȻЩźɫߵĺҲͨˣǵľˣһ˿̧ϰٹˮ壬ǸǶӳˣǿֲ¼¡һٽصˮӣһ˾̧룬ͨ˵ϡ
˾BǿҩȻȻһЩ֢ҪάȴǿĿ£񾭡ӾɱAǿҩǲҺܿͿԻAǿȨޣֻϧܻ׽ԵõSǿȨޣϧ߼ܴ˿̿һȡһСͺ˼ڣɫŻ͹
ʮǿĺֳܿͽЩʯֽһգڼҲڳ˲ͨߵʬ壬Щԭⶰ¥סȴڷֻЩ˸ںһ㡣
ڵһ㣬һָոհ뿪һ˶ߵˮ壬ͻȻ֮䣬϶һֻ֣˲ס˵Ĳӡ
Ǹ˵ʳͨıϣ˵Ӧ٣޷㿪ŤϿסԼֻ֣ȴȻоԷָϴľ޴һĲͱһŤϡ
һĻ̫죬̫ϢûΧ˵ע⡣
Ť˲ӵȻ֮ǰˣ޷ӣ˫۵ĹֻۣҪԸ⣬һڻָ߳ϣǿԺԲƣ鷳Ǵ̴ĸƬѾأ⣬Ҳмޡ
ȻǸܲǣǼܣҲᱻԷ׷ɱʱͻǹ͵ֱ壬鷳ˡһ󵨵ľǾʱˡ
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ҪָƣͬʱʾӥսΪԷϣԼǱٴҲûӣܷСûзûйƬܲӿʯͷͽɻҪֻնԷЩ˵ĿȻԼô¾Ϳ϶ֻҪԷôͿԶˡ
ѾǱһӻˡ
ڣǷйŭʱ
֮ǰĶʮʱȫָƣֱӽĸƬֱѾָɣѾӰʩչ
ղǸֱŤϲӻɱ֮ذ״һԾһץʬǹе̧־Ϳ۶
ӵкֱͷеٿ񱼣ĺذͬһƣٻ˵ĲذпѪҺЩ˲
ǾBǿսʿҲԺս
ɱˣҲӦ˹ȻԷᣬӸղſʼѾƻˣڼеĺ˶ڶʮ׷Χ֮ڣΧüǱʱٶȺҪеĺڻɱ
һ̣Ǹ˶ӳӦ죬Ѿ۶ǿһȻʹһ¡ͬһ㣬˿̣ͷһνǱٷ֮һʮ
ɴ˴ٶȣѾﵽһΪֲĳ̶ȣչֳĽǣ˫ȹµһˮֱӱ޴飬˲ʧڼ˵ߵС˶ӳӵҲǴһա


ʮ Ƶ
ͬʱʮ˶ԱԴصһⶼǱһȭһɱģȭͷȥڵҪǻҶһȭ飬Ͳ˵ҪԴˣټڵٶȣɱֱոӻҪ졣
л˶ӳһȻ͹ʵļӣһһҲʱ䣬뾶ʮڵĺˣ֮һøɸɾеǱȭͷɱеǱһɨΣеǱذ׻ɱб׳ˮģ£ȫ׳ˮ鿰ڵ
Ǹ˶ӳٶȺͷ񾭣ױܿԷĵһ̣һѵĸֽֱӽԷ䴩˵ϡ
Ǻ˶ӳڳˣ屻ᴩҲûֻʱѾûвˡ
̶̼ʱ䣬ɱ˺ʿԶǸѾŵľѾķɻȥҪ̵ǻɵУֻڿУ㰲ȫ
ܣղ׷׷ôˬҲˬˬˣҪɻǸ߼ܣץѵڵϵԶֱӳͣڵϵӥս
׼ǼʻҺ棬ǻɱ˼ʻԱǻٷɻ棬ֹԷգȻɻǷģټǹ׼׵ľӵֱӹᴩշɻļʻԱֱӻС
߼һɵۣҲϣԶȥͬʱڿоһӥսҲ̿ʼͻǹ
һмƻǼǹܳȥĸ߼ܵ˫ϥǻ飬һԷܣٱܣֱӳһӥսĵ棬Ǳɨµӵòˮ汻һСӣѵĵ潦Ƭʯ
˿ںʱܣҲڱ˭ٶȸ졣
գ֮嵽һӥսǰֽڻϵͻǹֱӳǹ̶ĽӸֵס˿̵ϣһʮصĻņ̀𣬶׼ͷڷӥս
ͨ߶ȸ޷ΣգͻǹǲͬĴ͸ɱѾͬһСˣʮֺϽְ嶼䴩ͷӥս䡣
ߵķɻһʱ䱻һӵ֧飬׼ͷҲͷķɻҲͬʱ壬棬ڿһͱըʧȥķɻٵ䣬䵽һⱬһ⡣
˿Ļͻǹĵ˵ͷȻˣҲÿӿԷٷھӵǸ籩
ܷɻѾȫɵһɻˣж٣׹ը˿׷ɱ˻ŵľֻʣ
һǸøֽ䴩ĺ˶ӳһǸ˫ϥǱĸ߼ܣֻ˿̣˾Ȼˡ
͵ܷɻԺʱ򣬳ʮӵʱ䣬˾ȻˣЩԤ֮⡣
Ȼ˲ͨˣͨˣǲҲԲƶһȻǵܹǿģǿĳ̶ȷǳߡ
ͻǹ߹ȥ˿ֻڵϵѪ֮ǰɱˣ˵λĸߣҪϻȡǺӹ˾¼ƻν֪֪˰սʤΪôصˣԲߣû뵽Ϊ⡣
ܣҲܵУ˿ϵѪָմһѪţȻһ򼲱ȥ
ѾԽı׼ǿԹ˵Էܵʱ򣬻ڵѪҺŹˣͬģȻǺӹ˾Ѿ˵ˣǾҪŪԷļƻҲǺܼǳģЩһ׷ԼǱȻҪġ
Ϊϵ·Ѿ鲻·ֱӳһͣҵķװ꣬Ūһ׸ߵϣϾʵ̫עĿˡ
˼֮󣬵ѾûѪƺѾӵӰ٣ûжʧԼĿ꣬Ȼ˶ټ֪ԼѾܿԷˡ
Ѿǵĳ֮ǰսĵصһ幫ܿߵһ¥£ѾʮϡѪʧġ
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ʱһ۳ʻͣ˾ƵſڣͯǰţһŮӳ
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ҪƵ꣬ȻҪҲǣȫͣ磬Ѿҳһţֻͨںͺڰֻӵһݵĸˣʱ뵽ָߵĳҲԳݺ͵λ
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һһͨˣȻʶּǾ𣬿˵ѾΪվඨκ˼Ὣ䵱䣬Ĥݡ
ԭ򣬾Ϊӵ޿ƥеʵڣӵ㹻ʵֻΪﲻԪ磬ϣһ
ȻҪһҺƵӦûκ⡣
ΨһǣǸȨյĸ߼ԱʶܽԷҪ⣬ѡ
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Ȼⲻͨ顣
ԱߣŶԷһֱۣ֮ӴΪ˽Ը񣬶Էһȡᡢ侲ˣᾪʧ룬󺰴У͸Լ˵Ļᡣ
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Сԣ˵ˣ֪˭ʱֹԼ飬Ȼˣ֪ǵݣԷȻԤıô˵ЩǶࡣ
ʲôĿģ˵װЮֹҹԱᣬҪϷһῼǣҾԲЭҲܴӦ㲻ʵʵҪһҪ֪治ɫò˵һ
ظгȻô˵Ҿֱ˵ˣҪҽȥεУָָǰƵꡣ
˶ˣǸһţô򵥵飬Ȼֵǹвг˷
ֻ⻰ǲ˵ϾԷǹء
Ҳһ㶣ȷǷȴǵͷû⣬ҿԴȥ
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˾ֻǰͣ˾ƵſڣƿȥһߣͯҲǲĳš
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һԴӳǸɫӲһֹȻڿǣƾ⼸ͯͱܲܽǸǹͽƷ
ʱѾߵߣһԲźɫȥһ㡣Ϊİȫ˾鶼û˵ʲôҡڵ߽˾Ƶꡣ
ȥ˾Ҫ˵˵Ȼһ޷ѿأҲûϵֻ̱ˣ˾Ҫѡ
һۣȻ˵˼仰ߵ˵ͷ˳ȥԿǸ˿Ȼȥ˵ȫ
ˣˣ㾿Ҫʲô˵˵֪Ǹг˵ҿ԰㣬ɵ·˭ﲻ㣡Ťͷ˵
˵ʵ֮ԺӴҪΪ˿˳ٵĽƵ꣬⣬ҲǺӹ˾ļƻûֹˣ鵽һֻһһԪԼҲн飬һҲȷԴöԷǰչǺӹ˾Կ
ЩںͶԷ˵ˣҲδػţֻǷŵԺ˵֮ץǸ˶ӳ͸߼ܡ
ҲμӽģûлشԷֱһ䡣
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¥ɣԶһĵԣзԱѾ򿪵ݣ֪¥ϾУǺӹ˾˽뵽Ƶ꣬˵ҲΪƵѾᵽԷµѪ
һԣʱͻȻ뵽Ϊʲôμˣ֮ǰھƵſǶ˵ŮҲϯᡣ˲֪ȴ֪ʵֶŮĸĴ磬ǰһֱڹæ⣬ڹڣ󲿷ʱ䶼չ˵ͬŮЩǰ˵ģ˸֪֮Ĺϵ
ܿϵʮŴ֮󣬿Կ̻Ի͵˿ĺڰǧƽ׵ڣȺĽ̸˱һʿȣŮһ׿ԽʶĿϰڷŸʳʳãʱдŵķžشֻҪһ̧֣ǾͻὫеƷϡ
ȻǱ׼ĸ߼罻ֻʮַ̣磬ĲƸʱάԭݻܳã
һͷԴľǾͻͨһڰ;
˿ѾȷԼҪҵĿȻơʳŮ˵ˮζɿԴзֱһ˿Ѫζ
ظгþòʱһֳ־Ʊͺ˾߹кͬʱһһģŮҲ˹
·˶ŮעĿۿԼĹʶĿ
λſ˵˵ҺɣʱȴͻȻ˵˵ֳ꣬СˣҪˣҴˣģҲ淢㣬ԺʲôѣңֶŮӦ֪ǣͲ࣬ȥɡ
Ȼ߹ŮǸŮֻǣһݹϵܱܣôһ̬ԼЩ
ȻйŹ֣ӽƵ֮ڣ̬һЩ䶯ȻûչֳǹЩܲ
ԾԲԾȻһǲϤˣܿܲᷢ⣬Ϥ£ԷղЩٶֻ˵һ£Ϊĳ£òô


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˵֮ǸͺѾЦǺǵߣǱ߻мλҪء
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Ȼɻ֪鲻ԾһҲ벻ڣϾ˵ˣԼʶĪԼǹ뷨뿪ҲνҲû㽫һʵʱ˵һδ򣬽Լһ
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˿̣ȻǸ죬ҪȥˣʱһһߵǰǱλʵ͸ġ
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ŵĺͻȻðʮɫԲ̷ɢһ붼·һϣֻмٵļǸûлعķϡ
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˲䷴ӦǿоһĴСȻԽԽѻ˿̣оԼϵͻȻ֮䣬ʮϰٱ
ĺǣֱӱݺݵѹڵذϣͬʱΧǵļͬʱǸùķҲѹڵذϣֻԷûǿ壬˿̹ѣֱӱֲѹ⡣
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ܵѹͬʱȺзɳöף䵽ߣƬ̺ը죬޴ıըֱӽֲܵѹĵذըѣһ̱һһ㣬׵¥˿ֲļٶȣһֱײһĵذ壬ȥͬһöըأ¥һҴһֻ뵽³ڣصһһ޴Ľϡ
ҲֱӱҳһݣʯҳɢĸƬͷĿ˸ͷ޷Ϊֲ֣ģȻ޴Ľ塣
Կֱʮף·ӣֻһ֪Ӧһִװã϶ǺЩճԼЩɫԲʱ򣬲һǾͻֲǿĴʵϣһֻֻĶǾǴ˿ԼϵЩԲ̡
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ˣµĺԼ׷ɱˣ豸ԲʱõģȻѾúã˵һ壬ȻܲΪԼ׼ģǴ˿̣ȴõԼϡ
뵽֮ǰķٶѾ֪ӦҲǺǺӹ˾һģڽƵ󣬶Է϶ʲôطõʾԼʮȻǺӹ˾ãԶԷŻǸͺߣִװ˵Ǻӹ˾·񣬾ԻֱӿʼԲ˼˵Ǹ޹ķǱƷô
˿ܴأ޷µĻڹǿĴͬʮֵ飬ѹһ㡣
ͬʱƵ⣬ոܳ߼ܴ˿һߣվ˵Ķӳ֮⣬Ǹͺͷ˺
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ʣƵ̮һ¼ƽʱԳΪȫ򼶵ȵ㣬ڣǾƵ΢ԶһЩľְֻҹͻȻıըǶ֪߷顣
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׭бдɡ塯ǿ壬Խ嵱Уķơ׭
һ֡ƬҪȿƬԭҪϡ
ȻƬĴܿһ֡硯ĲһҲڷֵڶάĴ֮뵽ģʣЩ羧ʯƾղģһ죬ҾԲ࣬ǣԪˣʲôĴڣ
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һʱḶ́ҪɹЩʱͱķѡƪ˵ƽǰᣬΪֻһ˾£Ӷ߸УмΪУ߸г֮ΪԤС
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ָоΪо壬ʶܵһϴӺ;һ̣һɳ嶯ȴǽԼʶȻ壬ԭûԪʶ岻ܳʱ䳤뿪壬һܵһĺ䣬һΣûָоʶ˿ͬһö㣬һɳ죬ʮ׸ߵķ㣬棬⻹㣬ʶӭųһֱ˾׵ĸ߿ա
˿͸ʶ壬Ըǡ
ָо˵ˬ⣬ƺǻصԪ죬ܿ췢֣˿̵ЩԾ
Ǵ죬ĿһƬİ·ϵеײڵ߸ϣеֱӲ෭·룬һ
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ʶһʶٷУԶȥΪǱֽ߽Ӱ˿ʶУٶȼ죬ֻգʱӹףתһ¥ƯڿУȻһսսĴһС͵͵ȡʱ򣬴ǸСеĳͻȻӰһϳǳˡ
ڵ»ĳһ첿ͺԼ֫˱죬̵ĳɱˣҲñͬһ֫ɱˡͨȻǳ˵Ķֻ֣Ƭ̾ͱɱ˻ţʬߣʧ߷Χڡ
һ㶣Ӧǵ»ĳ˳ˣȻԼѹڷ֮µʱ緢˺ܶ飬ڷ˶ãһݵʱ䡣
ʱ䡣


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鿴һʱȴͻȻоͷһѹ̧ͷһȻƲ֮ϲ֪ʲôʱһӴޱȵĺӰǺӰƱգͬһս
һƲ㱻һâ˺һȱڣǵâٶȼ죬ֱӺʶϣ˲ʱ䣬ͬȭһ㣬ʶķѡ
ʶѵ˲䣬һ޴ĺɫսҪԼսҪ޴ʮ
һ̣ʶͱ飬롣
ͻȻֲܵϮҲ⧲ȴǼæʶ巵ر壬ֻû뵽ǺɫսµĹͬƹ֮Ȼǽ׷ᣬһȻԷҵԼĲ֮һ鷳ʶ̻صʱˣǻɢ
ʱ򣬴ŵǱ׭ƪϣͻȻӿһ͵˲佫ʶڡ
ͬһʱ̣׷ʶǵ·ʧȥĿ꣬ͣ
Ź֣ղһЩϢôͻȻʧˣˣֻһͼ壬Ȼģ̫ˣ˵ĲһӦɢˣһΪϵǾ޴ĽսϴһǿĹ˻ȥƲ±պϣ޴ĺɫսҲ֮ȥ
޴սǰĵطȻǺӹ˾ǵķֲ
Ƶķ浱Уʶͬɢϸɳһ㻺ۺһһʱ䲻ʶ¾ۺϣ˿ʶϣ¶ŵı顣
Ǿʲôղſν֮գ˵ʶ弫Ϊ⣬ղֹܵԼʶɢˣ˵ûмʶǿϢԼĻҪǿ̫ࡣ
Ʋ֮ϵǸ޴ޱȵĺɫսǶԳƵǷɴˣ۲ʻǽṹҪƼ̫࣬ȻǾǺӹ˾Ĳ
Ǿ޴սϻǻԼǸǿʶ嶼һԣĿǰ޷̽ԷĵϸȷԼȫʢʱڣǺɫսĴڣҲ˿ûʤ㡣
ԷƱʵ
ǺɫսȥķƺǶ棬ʲôʶɢʱһǺɫսǰķ
Ǹʲô
ܿ죬뵽һֿܡ
ѵǡΪһ羧ʯ
ɫһ䣬ȻֻһĲ²⣬ֲ֮²⵹δǼٵģȻ۶ԷʲôˣǼΪǿĴڣԪ۷ʵƥУĴӦܳ硣
ƫƫͳˣԷǰǺӹ˾ֲڵķ򣬶˵ʲôر˲õĶֻһ޴羧ʯˡ
ŻὫϵһ飬ôأҪǣע⵽һϸڣǺɫսһЩطӡĳͼȻԼ羧ʯ濴ͼʮƣϵһĹؼ
۾ˣҲ֪ڵԼ޷Ⱦָ£Ϊɫս̫ǿˣղϴӺǿԼʶ壬ղŶԷʶԽԼɱ
ǺɫսϵĴԼֻ࣬϶ѡ
Щ߰ĶԺҲԳһЦԼҿû뷨Ūһ羧ʯ˿ҪֱǸɫսˡ
תһ룬˵羧ʯһ߿飬Ǻӹ˾һǺӹ˾ǻǺɫսͻĹƣǺӹ˾ǺɫսĶ֡
£ʶջصڣղֻΪĳǿԲŽʶųڣҪعʵˡ
ҪӶշ׭֮
ʣ׭ƪͬѰǸոշ׭ƪͻȻɢĹŹԼڻԼͱɫսϵĴڷˡ
ʶΪۣڵĻҲĲ鿴ķ׭ƪ˿ֹŹֵѾʧͬδֹһ˵׭ƪҲǹŹ֣Ȼ֮ǰֹܵ°Ȼǻ涼޷ƻȻ⣬֮ǰ·һոˡ
׭ƪҲܰøַƪһɢղȴǺЧΣֻʱתоƪϵķ׭֮ȻⱾò￴ͨķ׭ƪѾһ
һ׭֮ԳƵһżΪϽġѧȻ׭ҪضĲϺĿǰһֻܵͨ׭
̴뵽ǿֲĺɫսǻʱͷڵһʱ䣬ȵ泹װȫ֮ٳȥҲ٣ȻܵںͰķǣ²żʱ
ȵֵԼĪʮСʱۣ֮׼뿪
Ȼڷ׭ƪһָ߼׭ֱ֮ӻϣ߶ݣ֮䣬Ǹոս׭֮Ȼָ߼׭Ҫݷ׭ҪĲҲڵռġ
Ҫֻƾ
ǰһЩڵļ¼Ƭ潲ѹڷԾľ飬ȻҲнƻԽṹֻЩôã޷ڵھǴⲿڲȴǰ޹ˣֻԼ뷨ӡ
ǿ֮ǰʶƮȥҲⲿ¥ӣ֪ʲôطҪһЩԴ˿̱λȷֱһ˳ˮ͸ȥ
϶ȥȻǿıǰϰ޷ģúذֽˮǽڱ⣬ȻһȭҴ֮һЩʱ䣬ѾʮԶľ롣
ʱԱһռ䣬ԼĪƽ״СȻҴߡ
ŲһٽصʯҲǾҴߣһݵԵʣҴ߷Ӧʮ侲ֻЩľ
˶ԷһۣԿҴһŮԣϵ·ʮãԿԭӦһֻͷ棬¥ĻҳŪ
ȻҴˣСռȻһõı䣬һʢʳĽԲ̣϶ʳֻһݵʱ䣬ѾҴ߳˸⣬ı飬κˮѾǸɸɾСĿռгһɳζйζϾʱ䣬˲ܲй
ò˵ѵʱǱܽᱻһĸ߶ȣΪ棬κ˶Դ漣


ʮ Ԫ
û˵óҴ¾޷ټһ죬û㹻ʳˮ͸֧ⲿԮܿͻЩѹڷеʬһá
ȻҴߵգԷֻҪһ㣬ԼͿȥȻҲԷ㳵
Էǵϴž֮ɫΪûйߣֻģģһӰֻûǼϿͨܿʧһͨڡ
֪Է㹻϶һֻһݵˣҲԲǴ
ͬԤϵģŮҴһʼһ£Ȼû뵽Ȼ˿￪ͨҪ֪Ǹֽˮ඼ǼΪأԲܻɶ̮ǿɲǿЦģԷôģ
֮ǰûע⵽Էôֵģˡ
ѹҲǣһҧǸͨŶԷĹ켣֪Լ˼죬֮һʼԼû֮󣬾ǸСĿռһЩʳˮάͬʱȴԮһȣƺ˺ܾã֮ⱲӴûоʱ֮
ʳûˣˮҲûˣֻ˺·ϣ棬Ȼ߬Һʣһϰݳޣн˵ʱͬڵ
ͦˣΪ
ѵ˴ŰСʱûʱǴӺڰпһ˿ֹ̫ۣ˲ʲô۾ֻǰããһƬ
Ϲӣͱ۾洫һ̱ۣȻСĿ
ͷһΣоķ磬ǸСķռҪһ򱶣ֻҲķᵽһ˿Źֵζ
ӺָڿΧʣӳˣֻûü˷ܣͿΧŵĻ
ͬһ㣬Ȼ͸һɹ죬ֵˣͣЩڵأͬһ㣬𺳵һƬ֮ϣΧ˾ȻʮˣոտȻѪζ
ΧʬԼһԶȫѪȻѾ͸ˡ
ǰ棬վһˣһ۾ͿԷǴԼӷˣ˿̣ǿ˶Էӡ
ǡ㣿˿һȣԷһ۾ϳˣ˾Ϻһֵˣ֮ԷͻȻֳܵǷ˱ըʱֺ;һܣӵ£ֻ¥ݣߵһ¥Ϳ֮ͱǸСĿռֱڡ
ǰվŵȻ˿ҲϳͷŮˣȻϽŮǡ
ϵǳƯ˵еŮ񣬲ڵӾͲҹάˣǻҳ·ãԿԷһ鷿¶棬Ȼ¿ʲôУҲԼ߹⣬ǻæڵ
ŮˣûȤղ֮ʮˣԼݿƶԷû뵽ʮ˸Ϊɲ֪ĹȻȫɱ
ֳˣĳȺ䵥ֿܵĿƣǽܵɱһеˣҲ
˿Ҳϵʬƺˣ¶ŵı飬ܴ󵨵Ŀ˿˱֫Ϳѵ͡
ʲôһ䣬ûлشöԷ˳糵ӳѾ御Ͼ죬ǼһѾѱ䣬ȻҲѱ䣬ߵˣֻ˵ͱǺӹ˾ԶҲܡ
һֱ̣·棬ת֮ʧǰĽﵱС
ˡȻû뵽˵߾ߣҪ˵ʲôԷѾ˸ûӰҲģֻҪҵˣʲô¾ͿԣʳȻһ裬һɾ·ֻ뵽ֺ;˶ѾڷʱŸоġ
ܿ죬Ҳ˷棬Ȼȥ
뿪ûãӰ֮һӰȷ˺󣬿ʼٱܣʮʬȥٶȣȻǱ˶Ҫܶࡣ
׾룬ʮ˽ǰʮʬ壬¶һ˷ܡ
ײ˴ˣȻǰ׼ʮʬ壡һһԿʬ·𿴵˱أ۾Ź⣬ͬʱγһذףֱӳһ˵ԴͿ˹ȥ
СȱˣһղѾԪȡߣǾǰ׸һһʮҪ࣬Ҳһ˷ܣһСͷӦͷõġ
϶ûУǸղſɱЩ˺ûٿ㿴Щ˵Դ󲿷ֶԪ˿϶ڡƣⲻҵˣССӴ˿һ˷ܵĴӳڳһöָ׸ǴЦĶһ鲼ӲĨһ£·һİɫˡ
ǣãķˣСϹأƽ֣ҿЩ㹻գ˵Ժһĳܣ˿ˣҲֽٿһ˵Դڳһˡ
˸߲ҵռЩеľʱһͻȻ
Ԫʲô
һæȥȴǿվһˣǸղǸʮ˻ɱǸˡ
ɫѿǸղŸûκζԷô֪ƵǱģ
վ˱ȻһʼѾˣ뿴ԷҪʲôԹ뿪Ȼ۷淢⡣
˵ʲôʱԪ˵ģ
ѯʣΪָоԪ˵ĳ͸һ˿Ź֣ǣһܣҪ֪֮ǰû˵ͷֹһ㣬Ȼ־Լڷ֮һ֮ʱֵġ
ʱ˺Ҳǻعûд㷴Ϊ֮ǰۿɵĽʮ˻ɱˣͬʱԸĸˣһþսʵĲһϾͿԶԱȳ
ԭΪ϶ҲԪ˻ǿڿԷѹ֪Ԫʲô
˶һۣ˱˴˵뷨ȻЩ˼飬Ǹ˻ǳͣԭˣֶ
˵ţղڳļָ׸ǴСľ˵˹ЩԪ˿Դӳڳ˱ǿõĳ
ӹЩԭˣʵ˿⼸ˣһǸ˵ô˵ĳ


ʮ Ʒһ
ЩԪ֪֮̾Щ˵Ľṹһĳ澧ֻڼ˵ԲһֽΪҲǳԿԿóľʯǳҴ߻һġ
ǳҽµļڼ֮ͻԲԪ澧ӵԪ˵ĳȻǿӵһЩԪǴӳģҲеҪľǽЩ˳¾ͿԣȻܶģʧһֻĺ÷ӡ
ôԪ˵־ֻǵ͵ȻԴеҲԻòﵽһ̶ȣõɱ䡣
컯ҩҪǿ˲١
ղóӦӵĳԲдһʡ
֪ҲչֳԼõָʼӲ˺ɫķצ˳һˮץȥֱĻۡ
ץѪ֮ϣƤӲļָӲȲȸһ˲
һǸˣûлʺȴҪͨһϡ
ʱ䣬Ƿʲô£ŪԪ˵ĵϸʼѯ⼸һʲ֪Ƶ굹ȻѾȥ˾졣
ʱǿνǾǰδеѣֲľЩͻȻðĳˣǼΪײУҿСͨͬȾһж٣ǾжǱڵͬ飬ĸѾǳݣ֪жɥ߱˳ˣʣµ˶ʣµ֮ڵսľ
Щ飬˵û˲֪ǼȻˣҲֻʵش
ڴݵ֮ɫһߣȻһԾԶȥֻٶ̫죬˺ͻȻʧ
ܲżΪļҾڣǶȻìӰڣˣҲԲС
˿ٿ񱼣ͬһӰڽֵ֮䴩УҲԶֱ߾ҲңٶȣֻҪӾͿԸϵ
·ˣҲϾ˼ЩҲ赲ֻһΣ·һֻ͵ĳˣһ壬ɰ˸ɣһֲ򼣬֫ﶼ˼ĳ֫ǶҲֻǱһȭʹΣٶû˿
ǿֲ򼱻֮󣬾ʮԶһĶ¥ڣĿɿڴĿſԶȥӰһ˵
ΪѰһЩʳðֳܵڱǸֲ赲Ѿû뵽֪ĶðһˣȻ˲佫ɱ
Ǿʲôˣֲ̫ˣܽʮȫװʿɱĹȻǱһȭͱ̫ˣһ˷˾
пˣˣǿ뿪ˣʳҲŪˣϽȥҿһӶˣһŮ˵
ߣȥȽڵԪŪ֣ôǾ˿϶ǳ߼⼸Ķӳ˿˵һǿߵˣһϣһѿеĿﻹһǹĿǰܸ㵽ǹейϵˡ
˾¥ȻСڳڵԪˣһ˸һͨİɫɫ
Ǳ쾧ˣǷˣǱ쾧ˣ찡һֻĳˣڰȫһöľԻAסլʸ񡣡һŮһξ
ФǲὫһö쾧ȥ֮ǰͨѶжϣͣ磬ڵĹУⲿûԮԲͨѣһ綼ˣȫԼֲ˶ãʱAסլҲᰲȫٲԶȫȥסҵĻֻԼʵǿ֮󣬲Ա֮˵Ķӳ˿˵
˵ĶԣǶģ
ǽô죿
һȫĵطЩ˶ˣ֮ǰ̶õķ컯գǾ֣˭ղǸ˵ˣ뷨ҵ˿һȭɱһǳǿˣҿٴﵽ˹ٷǹĳ̶ȣԣÿԺϹϵ޺飡˵
˿뿪ֻ˵ϵʬ塣
סС˿һƬžԸо¥֮гεȴû˿л˵Ϣ
Ƕ¥ͬûв˵Ϣȥ
¥¥ݺܿ͵¥ڣͿ˲ٳ˵ʬ壬ϸ˿Щϵ˿ڣˣҲм˺ǹˣ˿ʣìӰ¥Щʬ壬˵Ѿȫĳ¥ǲǹеڻҿʼƾìӰ˺ǹекܴɱΧ뵽ȫ
˿ȵ¥ϵ¥Ǳʰɾӣ֪ԼƲûǹȻǴ뿪ģ³·ǽϵƬʰɾЩ˵һ㡣
ˣԡ
ÿںͿڿǽϵһ仰û£
ֻһ仰㹻ˣ뿪϶ȥ˰ȫǲżˣƾڳ˵Ĺģܶ԰ȫһȷ
ķǵסڰȫΧڣԺھӣȻҲҪģǲż밲ȫ
ɵշ׭֮ûʵ׭ˣȱٵľǲˣҪһЩ׭⣬һļƻҪҵռǵĳֻҪɵԷаնȡԷĳȨȻͳˣԽǵΣҲԻһǿޱȵĳʿ
Ȼ֪ƻһܳɹôû
ȥǺӹ˾ֲȥǸصĺɫսսϿֲʶѾѹͷһʯͷǺӹ˾ԶԶȲϺɫսѹ
ֻһЩͼķ׭׭ƪصĵͼ׭һֱ֣ǡʬʦ͡
ַ׭ԾЧҲֻͨԼΧڷ׭֮ϣ˵ף£ϣҲѹû˷ʱ


ʮ Ʒ
˾֮⣬ļַ׭൱ãʬ˼壬ǿԲٿʬķ׭ʹͭƤǣǹ룬ʦһֹԷ׭ǾͲ˵ˡ
ƷĲҲʮֹŹ֣ǿڶķʦһŷ׭ҪĲϻǳӣӹѪɳֽٵֲ߰ϣǿٵһķʦǾҪ׶ˣֻҪѪͻֽͿԡ
ٵһķʦѪҪҲߣֻҪѪͿԣǵһʦĸ߼֮
ѪУҪռֽҪһ㹦򣬲ҲѣֻҪҵҽԺڸԿҵֽĵ̣ⶫܳԺȣƨɶûȥᡣ
ʮӺ˳Ĵһҵ˺üԪ󳮴СĻֽϴװõģһһţ룬ֱһ߰˽ȥ֮⣬֮ǰظƣҲҪķѴԴʳҲ˵ˣǼȼͷţоԼҲȫȥ
ֻĳС궼⼸ʱչεĲˣòһҳеҵһЩͻȳ˵ҵһͷ£һ㶫ǲǰθˣҪӣҪʳ
Ѱʳ²żһЩ׶һֽȻȡһţôľߵŪһ֧ëʣմϴһʬŪѪתһŻֽһʻһ׭
׭õģĵĺµַԿһʬ֡
Ȼһſʬ
׭ƪдʦһ㱾СʬػдٵڶķʦһοԿľʬ壬ǿٵһķʦʹһԿƶʮһʬ塣֮⣬ƪлдͨʬƵʬǿޱȡ
ָֻ֮оԼһŷ׭ʧˡ
ͬƿһƷҲгɹʣĻٷ֮ٵĳɹϤһƷǳɹʾҪۿˡ
һƿҲǰٷְٳɹģͷֽܶ࣬дһţһΣԸоһŷ׭Ͼ۶ɢ棬ףһԼɹˡ
һŷ׭ܵһʬ壬ֱӽʬĶͷһһԭһʬ壬ֱվ
ǲһҪҪ֧ţʬ彩ֱȻһĸһֱͦͦվɢһɿֲ֮
Ƿ׭ֻʬĶͷϣûκճżǴ˿̾ͷ·ǳһ
Ȼٴ棬Ҳ̫ĹŹ¼һλǷǳ⣬ԭΪνĿʬֻ鷨һԽʬ弤ʬʵϳһ㣬ȴսƶͷӦٶȸǱһҡǰλ߸֪
ǴʵϿʬѾԿԴﵽһ۷Ĵˡ
һʵ飬ʬһԾ𣬾ȻֱԶȻصһ¾ͽһƤŸײ·ߵһҲʬ˫һ£ֱӳ
ܺãЦˣԭΪʬֻǵͼ׭ڵԼ˵ʵüֵӦòߣڿԼֻǵͼķ׭ǿôĿ߼׭ĿȫƬо׭ȿƬҪ
мѣֵͼ׭
֮󣬾ȻγͬԪһЧǵǹ룬ӵҲֵֻܵܵһ󣬻ΪľлĿǰ˵൱ʵõĶ
ʦЩͣãǷ׭еġסһʦȥҵըȻǽһС¥ըˣǿû˵ҪǣⶫԶ̹Խ׭׳ʮ׿⣬Χ֮ڵκεˡ
Ȼʦǰ֣̹ˣֱһŷȥܸըķѡ
ǿͬķ׭ϵˣ׭ҲԹ𣬲ˣû¶ȡ
׭ƪȻϧֻвƪܰĲƪҲŪ˵иǿķ׭Ѿ൱⣬ԭ뵽ΪûԪȻӵǿޱȵɸоڣ֮൱ˬ׭ƪ֮ʵҪո߼׭һ·ɱǺӹ˾ܲǺӹ˾ײ
õ׭֮飬ȻҲֻѣ֪Ǻӹ˾ȫкܶݵ㣬ƿСͺеȹңҪôһȻܣԼһ˻Щ
ھȥʵʩԼǸƻ
Ƴ壬Ȼڻܽǳ֮Ϊ壬ĿǰֻԼķʽĳ˶ѣֻ֪ҪԼԻɱԷĳпܿˡ
ֻǰ跨ҵڳ˵ĳѨ
ˣҪҵ泲˵޿ܣһҪҵ泲¡
ܿ죬ʹʮʬһٻ¥ǰ档
Щʬÿʬʬ壬ȡһֽʬʮʬãڳ泲Χĳ
Ȼ泲ٻ¥
ٻ¥ܴΧøּܴ͸ĸֻΧǽͬһӣƽһߵﳡڣȴǳ˳˵ĳѨٻ¥һ㣬е㣬Ҳǹﳡһǳ⣬泲档
͸ѾҳڵĲΧǽ̳ĳ泲Ѿǳ߹ģһ䳲һĳлﹹ̳ΧһЩεڲиĳ컯ˡ
֪Գ˵ļٶȣʱ˵һΪֲ֣ж֪Գʮࡣ
ڳ泲ĳˣҲԲ٣ٿóһϣӰʧȻ泲򿿽·һʱڶԷǰ߹˵ǿǵǳǷһЩߣ¿ֻΪʲôֻա
ȻЧ⣬֮ȥƹ̳ſڵļˣ뵽̳֮ڣһ۾ͿǰӴޱȵĳ泲
ǰĳ泲һŵѨǻҺɫлﹹɣһֱ쵽ʮ׸ߵ컨壬££ڳ泲ڴϰֻ˺ʮֻ컯ˡ
Կкܶʬ屻Ͻ֪ʬ壬ᱻֲΪˣǲƵʬ壬ȻǳΪʳЩʳ


ʮ ԹƵĳ泲
ν泲ԭʼݣһʬ壬ȻɳԼȥһٵȴǰ£Ϊġ
ܿͽ뷨ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ǾԼϵĳϢԺŵ˵һ˹ڽӽʱ򣬿϶ᱻϳǴ˿̽ҲҪͳ˱һ룬˵֪ĳĸ֪ҲǿŽȥҲ֪ᱻϵʲôطǰֿ϶ᱩ¶ͬԷ֣ҲǰԼ岻ֻҪɱȻǲܵġ
ѡǱ룬һԼͿٶ泲ֱĿꡣ
ſڵЩһ鷳Ϊ̫࣬Ҳѱ֤֣׼˶Բߡ
һʮʬ˹˵Ǵģ³עⲻһ
ĳ̷Щʬ˷˾ʾ̳ĴˣһЩ컯Ҳһ˳ȥӭУһ˲䣬泲ڴĳֻʣ˲ķ֮һȻûԤϵȫߣѾ㹻͵͵ˡ
ѡһյϢȴ͵ļӿٶȳ˳泲൱׼ȷڴĳûз˻˳泲ѨС
һǴˣڳ泲֮˿ʮʬȻҪȫûˣȻʬĸսҪǿͨ˵ģȴ컯ˣԲȫˣֻҪпʬֻҪʬ壬Ϳʬʧʮ˵ʲô
صɹĻ˳泲
ڳ泲У¿˿Ȼ泲ԶԶȲԪǵĳ泲ȲϴͶǽĳ泲ԪĳѾǽʱ䣬ǸʱѾҪ壬ֱӷս棬Ǵ˿̵ĳ泲Ƿǳԭʼ
泲ͨԲΣͬѪܣͨ˴ǳӣԹϤ˰ٷ֮ٻڳ泲ʧ򡣳泲зҡңһֱͨߣͷа׿ռ䣬խһЩֻͨͨճҺŹֵ磬ʱʱдæĳһЩطĲʬͷΪ߻谵ͷһͨ˿ܻ
ãﷴЩУ֪ǲڵĳãֵ֮ͼĳ泲ʮֲм
ͼĳ泲﾿ŶֻˣֻĳŻ֪˿̣ųڵǰ
Ľվڶ˵ֻгԳڵĵطȻ̡ȫĵطӦǳ峲ġһ߿Уʱ·ĳˣͬʱĬĬž룬Ԥƣ泲ֱӦֻвףӦÿԺҵġ
֪ܿԼˡ
泲ģʲôûз֣ʶһֿԣǾԼڵ泲һα泲Ҳ˵һٵģ۷
ĳ泲ط
ͷ˸鷳αװĳ泲ȻֻǼ򵥵۷϶ã磬Ան塣
֮ǰΪϢһֱеʶϢɿԼļٵ˷ĿԣͬҲĸ֪
ʶԾʱ̷ųʶŷԼȻΧˣ泲гںͨ˳ˣԼԷģû뵽˼˸׽
൱ˬ˵ʵΧĳˣȻˣҲ֪Լļƻ޷ˣǺ֪Ǹ泲޽ʲôط
յӦҲ⸽Ŷԡ
˿̺ԥķųԼʶ壬ʼ޼ɵ˽´̽Ѿ¶ˬֱһ㣬治ţƾԼڵʵҪֱɱԷĳ泲ʲôѡ
ֻΪΣĳ泲ҵˣֻȻĵ£ֻһͨͨǿԱպϵģҧϣڳһԼڵֶΣȻ̫ܴС
ò˵൱ΪԼһʱԹƵĳѨ棬˶¡
ʶ鿴Ǹ泲ʱ򣬴ҲðһʶȻҪС࣬ɿԲԷڵ»ԼǸ
ʦҵˣ֮ǰ̸ҵĶãҲĲ⣬ҪɱңӶҵ£ܱǸҲóѡڣѾеĳ˻Χ㣬ͬҪңҲɱ㣬Ȼȡ֪ʶʶ˵˻ȥʶҲ޷̽飬Էصĳ泲Ȼ赲ʶ֣Ҳûа취
Уݣһ䣬ԷĽеĳ˶ԸԼҲǿЦģмǧ˾͹ԼԸˣֻǾ鷳
ϣǾǷƻ
ΧͨѾĿĳ˳ҪԸֱȡذףһͨȥ·ļ˺ıɱ
ͨһ·ɱ˳ȥ֪ɱ˶ٳˣһٿ϶ˣȻûˣҲŪһѪͶĵճҺ棬̳ĳˣһֱ棬ǧ
һ䣬̶ദ˼ʦֱӶ˳ȥ
أء
죬ǰʮ׷Χڵʮ˾ͱɾǲ֫ϱֱۣӳȥǿսʦɱһѪ·Ȼڴ֮ǰҲԼӳ˻ȵȥʱ򣬻ѾҲǶദ˲˿ڣûӣҲ˫ȭѵ֣ٲܣıذΧӿɾʹˣ˵Դһġ
ΪԼ̰ĶһΣȥ̽泲һ壬ȥҲû¶ϢΧĳ˻ڲϾۼǸһͬһֲЩ֮䣬ضڲ
ܣοգ֮ʧڽﵱС
һͻȻĴȻನδƽǶڳ˿ֲľۼסˣȫ֮ķҲǵһʱ鵽˳˵춯˷ɻһʱ̽˾ۼľҲŻָӲˡ
ЩʲôһУָӹٿĻϵͼϵ亹ˣ⼸ǵʿںͳսȻ֪Щֲ˵˵ʵһӵϣȫǶһֵܵҳ˵ҪЩҪ༸
еʿȥһսʱվһûдװȴһ߰һ˴˿˵


ʮ ӵİȫһ
ָӷҵְǡǸУٶԽ޴ҵΪȻ⣬Ǹ۾һɣԸ⣬ʱԳָȨˣΪǺӹ˾񣡡
Ȼ൱ţվ´ߣȫװսԱսԱԸӸߴ󣬸ǿ׳ȻϳλǸ˫ȣ׷ٵƵĸ߼ܣЩսԱǺӹ˾ǿʿ
ߣУɫΪѿ뵽ڵƣҲֻǰλҪ´
ֻȻҪ׷ѹˣΪ˴ᣬǴȫ
ڰȫ⣬ȷвܵһγ˱Ӱ죬һЩֱӱĳɱ
ΪԪˣҲΪԻȡʳܶʵ϶ӾڰȫһЩ˻뷽跨ѰһᣬҪôŪһЩʳһĿŪһԪˣҪô߼ҪôԼʳǿ
˱ˣԭһһֻɱһֻ컯ˣǻ˰˿Ԫˣһְٷ֮ٿԻĳܵɫˣ˵ƽ׵һĺô
ǷذȫֱӳǸɫˣʵǻһ֡
ȻǺͳһԽұۿתһֻõͳ֫γɵͬûб仯Ǵֱһʮ֣΢Уֺɫоݣޱȣĳţ״̴ѣɱҲǱǰҪ˳֡
Ҳÿ̳һͨˣʣµУȡ˲ʣʳˮ
˸ոյõǿı֮ʣһļϣȥԣȡŪľˣҲҪԼ
ֻոճȥûã˳˱ֱӱһٽֵеУеķǲǿֻһײƣǵĺҲ͵ͷˡ
Ҫ֪ڼǰۿԽְ֮⣬һСӱͻȻͬˮһӿĳ˺Ƭ
٣ôˣʵ֣ǿ˿̺߿˿εĳһЩдطĳˣҿ·Ƕ򸻹̳ƶǴֵͨѾﵽˣ
һʮˣȴһϳɵģҲǷǳء
ˣǣͷÿй⣡УСС˿̳ΪͷԲóıߣԴҶı
磬˵ô죿ܲһֱϾҪˣǸزȥˣҹûܻŻȥ˿˵ΨһŮԣʮһ橣ϰ䣬ȫЭίԱԵĵ֣ҲǴСϰ䣬ַǳãһ˲úһƷһͨ˻ɱҪ˵սˡ
һǰϷˣô˵˵ΪۿӺͺӲڳŸ̼ģҪ
ҿЩ˿϶ǳģҲǳŰȫΪǱܵķͰȫķ෴϶Լʲô飬вǡû˵꣬پ͵ҿܰɣʲôвˣǰȫǼǧʿӵװ׳ҲǱ˵Ҳ˿вˣó˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ɣ˵ûþ䣬ҾԲó˷ǣıͷ˵
橺Ͱû˵˾ʵʵеĶ¥ĵȴһɳ˴󳱹ȥ
ԼĪһСʱɫѾתˣͲˣҹǳ˻Ƶʱ䣬ȫû˭ʱȻнĳѾ˺ܶ࣬ʱͻΧӦûаա
ȵ˸¥ɱ˼ſڵĳˣûüȡԪˣΧͳʮֻˣɫ䡣˾ԸֻˣһΣգһ˶ʮֻֻ˲ΣС
컯ĳвϿɱˣȱҲǴˣ˾͸ǲۼ˾ҪûʱͻȻΧĳ˺ܶ࣬һ̣ʣµļҲǱӰ˵Դ
ٿղΧǵĳˣȻķѣɵһءڳʬԱߣվֱӰϢѪ˵ĶͷϣȻһŹֵĻƷ
ĿɿڴʱһǴӰȫģ
˼æͷȥ֪ʲôʱվһˣ˵ûʲôŹֵġ
ٿͷһȴǷ˲Ǹ
Ǹһȭ컯˴εǸ֡
֣㣿ҲϳȻǰľɵļƻʧܣֻǶ˵Χ£˳ȥǺӹ˾ֲȥ˿Ѿ˾ʳ˻ĳѨûðս룬ȴ֪ȥҲûãΪȷһ羧ʯѾɫսȡˡ
ֻʱеһЩ㣬ȥǰȫȥ·Ƴʬһ·գ뵽Լ˽ⰲȫˣ˳̽
ģƺʶԼ
ʲô֣ʶңʵֿ˿ˣȷԼûмǡ
֮̽ǰɱ컯˵һĻҵ֣û뵽ôãȻˡ
һҲˣ֮ǰżס·谭ȫɱӦþǸʱ򿴵Լġ
ǺǾη˵һǵҲʡ£ֱѯڰȫ
֣֪ȫѵûȥȫıӷӦĿ죬̴ҵһ⡣
⣬ҲûҪܻ䣬ǵ˵ͷ
һţݶˣֻҪǻˣ϶ڰȫطѵλƾһ˵˾죿˵˭˭ţǾȻˣΪһȭɱ컯˵ĸ֣Ҫ˵죬Ҳǲܵġ
˶ǾηڰȫҲʮϸĽһϾֻҪڰȫˣ֪Щ


ʮ ӵİȫ
ڵİȫɾнӽһˣҲڰȫʱˣ˵ڵľѾԭָˣֻǺӹ˾ţ˵ǳϸϵǺӹ˾ûӹȨԶҲû⡣
ȫһҶʵǷǳ۸ӵģΪȫΧܴѵ˿ѾԽƾ˵ľԶԶõģ˵Ҫҹ˵ĽԳ˾ӣԭľ侯ӣǧˣǰ쵼ָӣ˵ǲĹٷһֱֻܱǺӹ˾;ѹšǾǹˡ
˵Щ֣Ȼ뵽ʲôֲĻ䣺ǰȫ֮еģҲ٣Ҳһǧ˵ӣռһƬסլСǧСǣǺӹ˾;еʱҲҪΪǹͷ죬Ĺ֪ԼⷬȥЩȴʵΪۼǸʮֻ˾ߣʬ޴棬ֲ̫ˣֻجλ߿ֲƬſܴڵĶ
橡Ƕһͬľ֣ȻҲ
˵ı鵹ûгЦôö죬ǸʲôòǸʦͰϹϺڸİɣ
ȻҲֻĲ²⣬û֮ǰǲȷġ
ڰȫ֮⣬кܶСǲ˵ģӲһ˭ʱǿٷͷɣֻԼ
Ժܶ˶һпԻõԴ˵ڵİȫһңΣرǿĵط֮һ仰Ϊ˻ȥǲϧһдۡ
˵ʱ˶ٵЩɥǾϾκ˾һжòӦǲòȥӦڴ֮ǰ˭ɱʲôڣΪ˻ȥΪ˱ǿΪ˲ΪƷʳֻƴսɱ֣ɱɱˡ
⣬ͬ飬Σ˵пʵͽ˸޼᲻ݡ
Ҫ˵ĩӦԣȫûһ˱Ӧˡ
Ϊ֪ǵһν밲ȫֻȻҪץס˵ʵǾǿȻһǹȲǺӹ˾;ǼǿߣҲڰȫϺˣǰǮǴүڻֻҪǿڰȫзԣȣǺǵļ˵޺
Ȼ뾡취Ҫã·¿϶Сһ
Ҫ·һ𷵻ذȫȻó˵뷨ҲûоܾϾôϤ˴·ҲܸԼʡ顣
ֵ֣ǡ·ϣ˹ϵʣǶԸʬŨȤ
Ҹ֣Խ磬УֵҲûֻʬ塭˿˵ܿ뵽һ⣬ʬȷ̫ˣôذȫָǳʲô鷳뵽ǰ֣ʬͷĿʬʬͨһԵڵء
ˣ׭𣬿һ۾ɳȤֵ߲ˣȥ
ȻڿЦ˶ǾηֶδŰԭΪǾǿĳˣȴû뵽Ȼֻͨʬ壬֮ǰǿУ׻ɱˣֶξǱһǿ඼Ҫ
Ȼôʬ壬Щɫķ׭ʲôǷǳ֪ȤûжʣɵҲóⲻֶͨΣȻͨ϶˼ҵܣֻԼѿ
һ˱ţȫ·ϼ˼һЩڰȫ飬һЩļϾĩҲǰһռݴ󲿷ֵĻͨˡܶȱʳȱ֮⻹˵ģұڰȫǴѹȥģ֪жֻܼڽֵϹҹʮҡ
ԶԶģѾԿǰʮһЩϰʱΧǽ¥ͽֵЩϰγһĸ룬е·ֱӶȥе˷ɭϵĸ
˿Ǵһȥ׵ʱ򣬶ԷҪͣݣȷŷŹ֮ǰѾķһ̹ˣػǹǰҲͻǹʮʿ˵ɭϡ
ȫڸڵʱȡһöԪˡ棬һƿˮһͷ˹ȥһʮȻĽӹŵһ˵ͷջ񲻴ˣղųȥļˣΨһģ˹˳ˣ
ȻرѾϤˡ
˵ǾһزˣЦֵݹȥһ֧̣ЩȻԺҵ˭ɵûоԮʱ䳤ˣһ涼֮
ôһˣ˭ɨһۼˣĿͣϡ
һֵܣ֪ȫﲻ֪жȥҶܸϹϵԾңһһӣСģԾʹһָӦһһ졣˵
˵ҲǣˣˣϽȥѾ밲ȫˣǽҲǵ˷ա
ף´һŪǾ˵˼䣬ʹǽ˰ȫ
߹һ֣ΪһĻǰȫҲӣ
ˣΪûе磬·ͰȺ·Χһ𿾻ʱǿԶٿһЩϣȻˣûоԮֻҪһοӣԹǰʳǵĺӡ
ֻȻҲֿʱһһȥԽԽã
ȻҲ֪˻ֻŰĳк͹ңֻûͨѶʧȥлңҲء
ʵĻ
뵽Ǹֲĺɫսǿֲʶ壬һ֪ڣΪԼӦϤһ硯뷨˿Ҳҡˡ
ڿ˽硣
ʱ·˳ͻһԲϴһֱͷѪһ˵ز𣬵̣ûֹʮ⣬мѲߵʿǶ£Ǹһۡ


ʮ 
Ϊʳڰȫÿ춼ᷢ˵еʱˣڶʲô£ֻҪǴģɧңͲܣԼ̯Ӷʰʱ˵
󣬻˹ʰ˲о֣ǿ׳ĺ߹ֹˣԭ֮ǰȥҪƴ˼⼸ɷһˣˡ
һʵİɣղͻֻͨˣǸҲԷĻһԵ͵
û˵νİɣڰȫֵʱͬһðԼǺô
ܿͻˣԭܼ򵥣ɴͻ;ӿ϶룬ʱҲɵ棬ǲ󡣶˿̣ʳǱɵЭ䣬û˸飬Ȼһ֣ҲҪϽɣò˵̵ְ
ʱǸɵһ˿ǣЦ˹
˵һöɫԪˣϡǾǮչֻ֪ãģǮԲԿǻǵõṩһסͬͼ˶סȥֻıӻ˵ʮ꣬Ȼֻһߣȴʮֽʵ˫۵ļֱҪ·Ȼʵ
ʶԷȴǵ磬˼öѾʹˣһһЩ
ŶѾˣ̫ϧˣϵıʮʧҲǣɫԪǺεȹصƷһ˻úҪô֣ҪôԼã˭ɵԼǿ˲ܻøʣԾ󲿷˶Լȥ
ҲԺܿͿ˿ô˵ȻӵĳҪҪǼֻᣬԻúһλãҪֻ֪ǳ֮ǿģҪǣǽ
⡭ҡˣһᣬǰֻҲܼ򵥣ɾԲĵλֻСආ
ܿ죬ҡҡͷΪãȽֻᣬǸȽϺãֻûɱ컯ˣͷ˶
ֿ˿橡١ıĸһۣԼ⼸ͬҲ˶Է뷨ǾǺԼһ
磬Ǽϲһ㣬ģԺʲôö϶һʱ俼ֻᡣл
ǲȻû뵽ԼôõԷȻҲӦ˵˸־Ҳǿ󣬸˵ȣѾĳֻڰȫı˵Ƿëǡ
УҲǿԺʲôʱͨˣʱң˵꣬һɨȴǿ
ͫһֻһвλãȻҲͨˣڼǰѾɱĳҲв٣Ҳ˵һϽղһۿȥ˲оһļ£Ǻָܿоûˡ
ͬǴǲ粻ΪǴ˴СоüοŹ˵ֱ
λֵǣȻʵ
ֵܣֻ֪֦Ǽ򵥽һ£ʹ뿪
Է˵ҲûжʣֻǵͷЦЦȻʵǴȥʲôط˳·Ļҵĳȥ
˵ָָǰ·ߵһԽҰȫϾɵģֻУҪȥһطҲʮַѾģȻʲôͨߣ͸ǳϡֻһЩ˲ܿһԱ
ȥʲôط
˻治֪ǾµľȨʵ
һֱûп֪밢ķǵǸСһ·̣йȥԼȫܣ϶˷ʱ䣬ȻгͲһˡ
ȻԸæҲνǳȥС
һ˲䣬ڵˣĻһ㶣ҲһһŵĿ
㡭˵ҪȥĶһӦ̳ʵ
˵ķӦҲЩĪظһ飺Сȥ𣿡
ʱŻعȴ˿ĭ磬ȷǽС
ʲôȷģ˵ͷ˵ķӦЩЦ
λֵܣǲ˵һʵ⣬㾹ȻʶģˣңɫһҲǷһŭ⣬ղŵȷǺˣͬʱһ۲һ¶Էֻû뵽ԷȻϷˣԼ
ֻҲ̰γ⵶һƣΧһƣɢ㿪±ֻ᲻ͨˣǾǵɱˣҲû˸ҹܡ
Ϊһ仰ǽȴЩԣǺܿ췴Ӧ˹֪ʲôط̵磬ᣬᣬʵǵһν밲ȫ֮ǰ棬Բ֪С顣
һǼһ룬ȷǲҲǣСҪ֪ǿǹĴӪ˭ҶԹҪ֪Ź֮˵ǹ˵ԼߵĻǹ֪ģ;ҿЦ
һͿȴǵǴʲôСʲô𣿡
ղԼһ˵Сǲͬǹҩһ㣬ȻǳڽСϡ
Ĳ֪ǿǹĴӪסκ˶̤㣬򶼽ԹĲ֣ʱҪǴģһ£ĪסڽС˵
ǶˣԷ˵Ӧþ֮ǰԼĹ벻˵Ȼųӣ̸ֱ֮ɫ䡣
ֵܣһȰȥǵطаŵĺܡ˿¿˿ȻС˵ƺһͻᱻʲôһ
ǰ磬Ĺۼ˲ͽʮֻɱǾǺӹ˾ˣҲǹ˵ͬ⣬ҲһȰ
ЩڻԿ϶ǹϺˣ벻Լ뿪ʱԷȻô̡˿ϵԼ֮ǰֲϺڵһʶûκλӦüͷһ塣֮ǰɫսǿֲʶ幥˲䣬ʶ飬ҲǺϺڵʶϵû뵽Ҫ¸ӦȴǸӦˣֻһֿܣǾԼʶˡ
ͱȥһˣҲҪȥķô֮⣬Լߵʱ򽫰ķĵַڣǽİȫܿȥҰķ֮ǽСǷȥɡ
磬ҹȥĵطҾͿԣѳҲԣҪһԴ˿һȡһѶ
򳵹𣿡˵꣬۾Ѿֱˡ


ʮһ һƴ
Ķ˶ˣһ̾һ飬˲ʱӿ죬۾ֱġ
ֻв磬Ҳһ
ֽ׶ʲôֵǮ
˵ʳûʳȷ֮ǰʳǰ㲻мһ˵Ů¹򣬵ڰȫһʳֵǮ
ǾԪˣǿǿĶǾǺӹ˾ҲԪ˵˱ҪռսƷ
˿̣һͣץһԪˣ߰˿ţֲǣ澹Ȼɫ컯ˣ˭֪ɫ컯̳֮󣬰ٷ֮ٿԻһƽʱһټһγΧͨԪˣЧǰһǧֱֽӶǰͽʮһ˿ҾɫŮɫǰ𺳡
һ˲䣬Χ̿ˮ
ֻЩ˲֪ЩԪк֮ܶ࣬ǰɱ˲ٳˣҲǽԪռ˿ı˼ƷõĻֽʳ⣬ʣµĿռȫװ˸־ˣͨĻҰɫռ󲿷ֶ컯˵ɫˣмöͬʯһľˣЩͻΧʱɱһЩͷ켶ĳ˺ڳģּĳʵǿȻҲǷǳϡ١
ռЩǸԼãԹ־Լ޷գΪԪԵֻԵʣֵ͵ȼʮų⣬ǹ岻ؤͬһ
ЩûʲôãռЩֻΪЩͨ˵ļֵҰķìӰǻҪ⼸žڱֵʵһĲֵ
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һǶЩøУ˵ͷãǾˣ
磬ҲȥҲ˵ǼȻʱ˭ǣ
ϳڲĳܴǴ͵ĳSUV߸ȻǿҲûʲô⡣
ϲ˵ֵܣסڽСҹܿҲǹĳԱϾסģҲֻǹ˲ʸ֪ѽʲô֣ЩλĳԱ˵ԽҲˣǲֵ֪ŹϵŲֻ᣿
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翪ļɺܰѾʮӵµĽֵϿٴУʮӺ͵˽Сڣ⸽ȴûй䣬ͬһεķֽߣڵİȫ˭֪ڽСڴһӣдŰ˸֡
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ǿ֮󣬷ǰ滹ͣżʮվڽСſڣ̬ʮֹ
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¹ذȫƴ£ϲãȻǲùʲôǽԹζء
Цˣ˭֪Ǻӹ˾;г͸гĻ˭㣬Ǻӹ˾;ͷͷˣҲһĻǿŵЦ˵
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ʲôˣȥһڽֹͣһȣȻǲ˭ֱӿ
üͷһ壬⿴ŵ˶˰Ե֪ƽյΪˡ
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ֵܣֻ㵽ˣ¼ΪԵǧҪͻһȰ˼䣬˵ͷȴȥ
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˼䣬ֱһ˹ȥžһȫֱӱȵתһȦȻڵϣһ£ǻѪĭ³ĿŲ
ȻǱˣӰȫ쿪ʼû˭Ҵȫ˾֪ڵ˲ǣǶˣ˭ݣƽֻˣ쾹Ȼ˸ˡ
ˣˣֵǣҴ򣬴ҵģȫڵϿڳݲ˵ǼһĹԱγֻЩĶ֣һһȫڵء


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ˣҲһĿɿڴ˭뵽Ȼ˳嶯ֻ֪ﲻɾ⻹飬ҪȻղżһһֱӾܽԷĲӴϡ
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ݣȫһĺһҲһЦȡһƴСĺɫݣȻһ
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뻹ʮףʦͳͷ䣬˭ǹϽԼͷϣɱ壡
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һĻɶͷԣ׷ʲôҲ˵ֻһȻǲ֪ʲôʱǹȡУֱӴ졣
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һ̣ӽСͻȻɳһźƱһſڣڿγһ޴ΣǹͬˣƷǷ˿ɫѺڣ˸̹ܵǵĺͿֲѹȸС
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ͷһϺӿһ̰ǹ֣ʵֻſԣʶǿģܽʶȫɣʮ


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ʱ˭ԼĶ֣
ͷϺھͿ۾ֻһ˲䣬ϺھͽղǷͷԺ
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ϺһʮȷѡǾΣ䵽棬ȻĿɿڴͲŵĿͨ򵹣ֱӿһͷ
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ǰ⼸˶ѾǴϺڴ˿̳˵Ȼɱ˶˵ֱСһ
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˵ˣķһ˳ӵڡìӰСԼǸں档
˶û£Ҳ˿򵥺ͼ˵˼䣬㽫ԪһԵȡ˳ǡ
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ʲô鷳֪Ǻӹ˾Ͼ˼ǣӦñǺӹ˾ͳһŶԡ
⼸Ա˿ʱش˿ͨ⼸ԱĻȷԼĲ²⣬ǾĿǰľѾʧء


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ϺڣҳȥһˣŹ˵һ߾㲻ԸҲҾֻܾʵʵ
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ʱһϤףЦһȥ
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һ㶣ܿӣƺ˵ѣֲֻԪ磬ôֿԸһźŵ֡
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ңŮ֮󣬾ͽϵһӾ۾Ķϣ֪ӦһҹӾƬںڰĻпҲΪ˿ˮ߼˵ҹ۾ҲԿ
Ůнķǳ죬ȻǳϤǽں棬߰˷Ӻ˹չʮտںͲڣȻһǰʱӶɵģʮּ̣Ůǰţžʹ汻򿪡
һ̽ͷ˿ֿ˿ֻһˣ
ֻһǱһ֪
Уɣ˵Ůýȥǰ߹һͨǰȻʣһΪĵط
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ȻһǶﹶӲдҲӦһЩרҵʿʿЩƺһЩͨѶ豸Ҳܴá
ǸŮ˿̲ժҹ۾ȻһξٵıҸһˣֻҵһ
⻰̷ӦֲŮʲôûԼֱӽԼԭˣȻԼʽװʽǹȻ·ЩãôһʿϴҲ
ξٿһۣҲûжʣΪ˿·ãѪȻһսӡ
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ŮҲժϵҲһͷ¶һžա
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ò˵̫СˣȻһԪϤˣŮȻϧϣ
ǸԸ㣬ҰҺޣ侲Һдֹ۵ϧϣŮ֮һӣЩͲסȥסʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ǰϧϣ֮ǰһԼ֪ʶǸŮ޷ѹе˼֮顣
ǵ˼˿̵ּ࣬ܿͻָȻͬӹһˮͬʱĹ۲ȻۼŵɫɫͿԿְܶҵʿ죬ҽϰְԱŸ߸ЬԸеŮˡȻڷѵʱӵˣЩצ˵˵ģΪǻš
ϸһӦûһˣʿжʮˣͽͨ߰˸ʣµĶƽûʲôõóֵԶǹ͵װˣЩ˵ʵò˵ֻͨˣ˵յצͿԽ﹥ݣɱˡ
˵Ӳʵǲÿԡ
֣ǾôģǻҪֲöľǣֻҪ΢СĻãⲻһ˾ͻȫû޿⡣
ƵϧϣϣղŶԷ̸۵ƺᵽȫսЩܻйϵϧϣǸߵǰĲ߽ȥ޷̽顣
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ֳֻ֪ʶɳȥ˲䣬ھϿգһҲŨо޴ޱȵĺɫսϣͻȻһ
ϢȻʮСʶ롭ˣ壬ҼǵѾɢΪʲôţԲҿһУԲڣܱܹҵĹĪЩһߣˣҲҪɱһɱ֣ŰɱūȥҰǸһɱץҵҪʲô飬ȻԳһι
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Ůûþ˹Ŷȹ߸Ьܷϸȣò˵Ů˺ζֻҪ˾ͻȤŮҲúϣģƯҪأ֫ͬˮһ
ĿʵҲܼ򵥣ˣΪմԾʿûʳȻ޳ģ˵ˣֻҪĶһٱˬһΡ
ԭ֪̾νˬʲô˼
磬˼ǰģأôźˣģﳬֵĵŮ˵
һ߼ϧϣǱߵһӦΪһʳ׼ԼŮˣͬŮˣϧϣĴ֮ȻӴһǰ֪
˿ǸªɢŶָϧϣڲ鿴һŵͼͬʱñʺͳڵͼϻʲôʶƮͷȥȻǾǵͼϧϣ滮ӣڸд󲿷ֶñʴ˺棬ֻûС
Ŀǰյ鱨λΣ򣬲ܿûк㰲ȫʱƣԽԽ٣ʱǴ̽鱨Լ˵о·ߣܿͻòȫ˵ģڵ˻ΧںΣıԵĿǰȫ򡣡ϧϣ˿Ի϶ҪʮǶʮˣǴݵ٩٩̸ԵüţΧžװľ٣һ٣Աģ˺֮ǰĶ壬ķͷ
ȻŮȻڶʱڷһ㣬Щˣͺһˡ


ʮ ūһ
ϧϣһ΢ֵˣ˵òãһɡ
гˣǻСʱҵİȫʱ䣬Ȼͱƶ򣡡ϧϣȻ˵Źȴһûв˼ӣͬʱ۵ָָָͼϵһ
ãһжģղı˵أгȻʮϧϣûӣԼ㲻ڵ˵ģûϧϣڣˣܻڡ
һԱгеղıȻЩǵ˵ͷǾͰϧСĻ죬ȥ׼תƣ
˵ֱ꣬˳ȥ
ȻгղıһȺ˵ȨˣǣϧϣҲʮ𾴣ͬΪ棬ϧϣѾͷԾҪȴ˿̻ŮҪ򱶣˵ͬŮˣ⴦֮ôôࡣ
ϧϣǱ߻ûʲôҲͽעתƻǰŮѾؿͣ¶˻Բҵߣò˵൱ϡ
ϧǰߵŮĸǿʮ֣ҲôʳȴֱӴӰȡһЩɶŮˡ
Ҳźңϲ˵ľҽȥ⼸顭㾭ʲô飡뵽ԼҪŪ⾭ǾʲôһЩ˵ľӦÿԵõһЩõϢ
Ů˹ҲǶˣҪ˯ֻҪľǾùŹ֣ȻϧϣִŮϧϣһỳɺͲ²Ŀģȥ룬̻ʵĳ˼ɣͿʼ
Ů˽СҹŮʱͷŮȻвҪʲôרҵܣƯĺãоᣬżСҲһЩǮĶǹ죬Ū顣
һһʼҲͨѶжϣ֮ͣ磬ûгֳˣɾǰһͻȻ֣֣ţͳ˸ֹ༸Ǻ޻֮Сˣʱ˼죬Ǿͱһ·ܣڴ֮ǰѾǻһεط
ˮСȻΪ΢ʣҲǹ˼Щʱ򣬱ϾܻžͲˡ
˵ͷС˼ɺֿ˿磬˲Ǳˣ϶Ǹ֮ʳﶼ˵ǰΡ
ֻЦЦʱղı˿ȴǴ˳Ȼ˶ϹˣҲһ
˿žҲվ˹ȥʱгϧϣҲ˳ղıʮʿг߰ͨȻҪ֮Ҫתơ
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һߴﵽף͸ŽһӰ˿վھʮ׵ĵطΧǲƵʬ壬ȻǱղµʯˣ컨ͻĶԾǸǻһĶ
ϧϣǣ˿̺ǸֲĻ˶ԳֵģȻǸԼʿ
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Ǹ˴ο֪ԲĶĲ˵ǻ˶ȼյĹŹɫǳ֪ĶɫڿնĻԿȼգǴ˵е֮𣬶ڻڿյԴˣȫûκζװãûӾƴСĽƭһĶ
յĿƼټʶ߿ƼϧϣôΪ
һǸʿôҺĹԳ֣
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ϧϣ˿ĭǿٴһͨϣ˿Ҳ˲ˣһҲһļΪصˣΪˣԪϧϣŻ棬Ӷ޷˵İ
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ĽֵϣŶǸߴﵽĹŹƤˣҲǼΪأһΪԷʵǿޱȣΪƤˡ


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˵ǻ飬˵ǻɢƤ˶һƬƬƴСһĽƬɣĳƴĻľ˿ֻǱɢѣ˶Χʮڵ״ݻ٣涼ӣ޷ƤһƬ
Ƥ˱ɢ嵱УȴͻȻɳһӰȻ߾ΣȻϺڡ
ǰлл㣬ҪҡϺڴѲ˿˵Щˡ
ˣ˺󣡡ԸһϺ̺󳷣Ƥսҡ֮ǰǸļһ֮󣬾һֱˮ棬ȴ
ǸʱƤͻȻӿ£һ¾ͽϺڽڣǽƬɵպϺͱΣͬһһϺڹϺǰϹҲ޷ƶԷ壬ˣЩƬϺڵһȭɢƤ˵壬Ϻڹмӣͻ᳹׻ɢ
Ƥ˵ǹ壬˵һ㶼Ϊ
ҲΪƤ˽Ϻڣǰ֪Է͵Ϯ¶Ƥ˵һֻ֪Ƚܡ
ʶǿͬǿޱȣµƾӦÿԺƤʵϲֹۣղһȭ߶˱ٷ֮һپʮȻһ½Ƥ˻ɢǿӲûнɱΪ˿ɢһصĽƬʼٷϡ
սƤ˾ԿԺԪЩﵽԪĸԪ֧ţֶΣſԽƤ˳ƷڣǴƤˣûʲôð취
Զһϧϣɴ۾ҹ۾Զս˿𺳼ֱԸӡ
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һȭȻƾ赥ͽһӣֱӱ˺飬˷ǳҲˡ
һ˲䣬ӰϧϣͬʱȻʲôˣΪʲôӵ˾޴ǸƤʲô·ǰûмҲû˵Ŀǰϧϣյ鱨ûƤ˵˿ƾðһ
˭ǵ˭ѻǺ׷ֳģϧϣǸĬĬͣ˿һǾǸ
ղŵĻң˶Ѿɢӣ¸ҲǣҪ־棬ϧϣ֪ƾԼԲУôɳ̺Ϳɽ
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ֱϵĽƬʼϣ仯׶գۼ͵ǰ˿Ҳ˿Ҵ⣬ԷǿֵܵԼٷ֮һپʮô;ԱͨӲֽɵ׶ȻС
һһͬʱ۹һײ׶ϣײԭĹ켣ͬʱ˦ֱ֣Ӷ֮ǰʦƤ˵ϡ
͵һȻʮ⡣

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Ƥ˳ǿķԶ֮ǰʦһʣţʦͬʱ鱬ȻǷͬСɣ׷ΧڵĽ˲䶼飬ԶϧϣȻҲܵ˲Ͳڸ֮ǰϺڹȥס
ô˵ϧϣˣԪϧϣ
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̱һԣϵ·Ѿ𲻿ˣǿ˵һ麣һԴ߶ʦǽеһգʶȻ÷׭ҲҪСһЩģһأͻ
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ʱǱϺڱϧϣȴǴӺ߳Ųӯܵߡ
û°ɣϧϣڵϵһ䣬ͷȡıװһЩʳƷˮڳȻٵĽϱĽƬһټʰ
һĻҲĿɿڴ뵽ϧϣԸ֪̾ΪʲôôȻԼЩƬȤԼʰսƷò˵Ůӵ̫ˣʲôҪʲôҪˣԲὫҪʳˮѡʰЩƬ
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ϺڰæƬʰٶȷǳ죬ϧϣûƬȻȡһƿˮšߵǰȵ㣿
˵ͷ߲¶һЦƿӵ˹ȥ
˼ˮͻȻ̧ͷգϵı˲üΪأ˴˿յϣһӴޱȵĺӰ
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ϺȻɵ˵ҲܸоͷǿֲӰǿһ˵ϺһǳԴҲѹסĴڣȻ֮һǿֲʶ壬Ϻûһм֮
Ǵ˿ֻ̣ǿһ֮ϵĺӰ͸оԼ·Ծκ˵һҶֽۣѹĸоʵѾϺڵĵӣҪһʶʱȻϺˡ
̾뵽ϧϣıУΪϺ֮ǰǿֲƤץ֪Ƥ˵Ƭӵмǿֹ崩еЧ棬ӦҲ޷
Ψһûرľϧϣֻͨ˵ղͷϵĶûпУֶѹҲͨЧ󣬲ʵϱϺڻҪʹó϶ʲô˲õĶˣҪȻ߲ء
һ̣˦ֶԼϧϣϣȻСס۷ʲôҪ
Լʧ̬ϧϣȻоޱȣǴ˿ʲôûʣɵһ
ϧϣܷģ϶ɵı¶λã֪ܲܶͷǶ̽顣
ʣղģ϶ĺɫս
Կ϶֮ǰƤˣǴӺɫսģֻԷʲôв֪ιԼȻǵзѡ
֪Ե֮ɵľǲϤ飬ԼɾǴֱľ浱Сʵֻһ£ǾǾظԲӦ䡣
ΪʶڣϺҲǶ㵽ЩƬУͷƯĶȻûз֣ܿ죬ĺӰʼ½ԽԽ׵ĸ߿ա
ʵѾ൱ˣҲԿǿֲޱȵľ޴Ӱ
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ʺǺɫս˱ڣô˵ģ֮ǰԸһƤˣѾ߰ʦ˶ľıʮƤ˰Χĺ
ͬʱҲǳԾɫսĿֲսƤÿһͬżԪһ壬ƽһ壬û˷ļҵף֪ںɫսϣһǿʶ壬ʶǿ̶ȣǺӺͰ˱۾ˡ
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һΣҲΪط׭ƪıŶһ٣һΣ׭ƪûκηӦҲܽȫѹڷ׭ƪϡѾ˼ƻܶԷãУߡ
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ʱһԵϧϣŲߣСҪӣʱ
һ㶣漴ϧϣ뷨ƣǺɫսȻǲĿĲݣ϶ὫһƬصﶼһһҪûκģΪᱻ֡
Ҫ·Ҫʱ¸صﱻƤ˾һƬңȻʱʱ
Ȼʵûȫָò˵ϧϣѷǳʱ
ϣ˲佫Լ弤ٷ֮һپʮţѾĿǰǿ߻˿Ѿǵӽ׵ĸ߶ȣǿ˼£ֱԴ߶ڶʱڻþ޴ٶȵķԷǳЧ
˿ֽϧϣ𣬾Ҫ´¥ϧϣָָһǸͻΧ
ûΪʲôΪ˽ϧϣѾͷԹ۲ͷ˵ԱԼҪǿȻԼǸͻΧͿ϶ĵ
˵Ӵ¥һԾӶߡ
񱼵˲䣬ͱƤ˶ˣͬӰһ׷˿̵ٶȸ죬ÿһԿԽʮ׵ľ룬ڵһĽӡǼӲ·ҲǱȵ֧顣
գ֮䣬ͳ嵽˹ǰֱʱŻᱻɫսע⣬˿Ѿеһȭҳصĺǹϡ
ò˵ʱѡĺ׼Ҳϧϣѣ޷־ûĹߣóȻ϶һʱ䱻ע⵽Ͼɫս֮ԳȻΪһ֮ǰƤ˾ͿԿֻɫսĴڣ֪ӣԲŻųƤѰҡ


ʮ ħһ
һŸֹﱻƳòЩֲƤսʱͻȻ֣ҲͲôˣֻƤ˵׷ٷ֮һپʮǰ£Ƥ˸׷
Ÿ㹻ʱ䣬Ͼ˵µĲЩƤˣǺɫսϵĶ
˿̣һȭ˵ƴȫӵлƽһ塢һ塢ƻһԼǿһΣǰδе
أ
һ죬ȭͷֱӺǹϣ˲ھ޴ĳ£̳ͬ֩һƣȭһɾǺȻ顣

ڹͬʱɫսһеƤ˶սӺɫսϣôһɿֲϹ⣬һץ
һж˲䷢ƹ֣ͳ壬˿Ҳǽٶȳױһ涼޷ܾ޴ķ飬һ磬ǶʮףУӰһӰȻĿǰٶȣЩƤ׷ϲϵģǴӺɫսͻȻµһɫצȴͬһתۼ˲䣬͸оһɿֲΣմϮΣĺëֱ˵Դӵһ⻹ͷһθоʣɫצץǸûзһԼ֪ɫսϵǸ̫ǿˣǿ󵽾ȫʢʱڵԼҲ޷֮ƥС
һ̣ͻȻǰһЩ𻨣һǼٿ񱼣˿壬ѾǺ͵ƽУ˫ȵѪȫ͹Ѿļޡ
ļ٣ȥԶľ룬ɫצҪץ˲䣬ͻȻһݣһ¾ͽɫצ̵һ룬ɫצҲ޷ݿ⣬һһݣ׽ɫצһա
ղŵĻ𻨣ݳֵǰ࣬ܺõİʱݵԼһμǱΣ
Σûн񱼣ںɫսϣǸųɫצĴȴһŭȣһһɫӰȻɳգ۾͵ݳֵĵص㣬ɫӰûǰΪǰľɫѾı仯ȻŨȴûӰ
ãɫӰ»صɫսΪ֪ڿЩݣҲ׷ԷˣҪѭĹ򣬼Ҳ޷Υ
˵ݺһۣȴǵһ㶣ͣ
Ϊû׷ɫצԭľɫûкɫսӰһɫͣ
֮ǰͲ²ݵĳ֣ܿԼͻȻǵﾭǵĹؼڿȻ١
˿ﱧŵϧϣѾǻ˹ȥղٶ̫죬ȻѾǾΪͨˣϧϣԵֿûд󰭡
ղܵķϧϣģܿݣҪ˵ɺԲţȻϧϣ֪ǸݴڣԲԼǸӡ
˿¿˿ȴǷܵĽԼϤĸ¥ãһЩСķӣ಻㣬ֻһɲĻѡһ˽ȥ
һ̵꣬û뵽ǣڸսȥ֮Ȼˣ˶ڼҾߺ棬һŰʮƾɵĲǹ׼Ľš
һ㶣һû̽飬Ҳû뵽澹ȻˣǣȻˣȴǻˣһڲĺˡ
Ŀɿڴ飬Էߴﹾ˵ԣҲȻԪ󲿷ԣǴ˿ûԿ֪Է˵ʲô
ȻҲӣǸòǹԼĺҿǹҲ˿ǿѾʧָ˵̬ǹӵҲ˵Լ
ʱ򣬺һŮǰǸΪֶĳǹߣϸ˿Ȼ˿ȥﻹϧϣûЯԭŵǹеսˡ
ǺŮ˵˼仰ǹĺ˲侲ֻǹûз
ҲͻӢ˵˵һ䣺һط
˵ҲܶԷܲʹ뿪ǺŮȻˣҲӢ￪˵һ£
ͷһۣû˵ֻúһĵطϧϣϢ﷿ô࣬ÿһˡ
˼̫ˣԲţķǹѵǺһ࣬ЩŮŮԴ˿̻ͷǸǹĺ˵ҲƺûκһһԲѵˣûκвԲŴǹڡ
ȥ˵Ȼģ϶֪治ȫܴϢʱ˶󣬾ΣҲԻò˵ŮԺͷԣҲ˵Ͼȷ⼸棬˵ﻹ㰲ȫҲŪʲôطûоܾǸŮԵĺ⣬ǱϧϣںŮԵָ£ŵ˺һĴϡ
һϧϣ˿ûκ⣬ӦֻͨĻԣܿѹ
ллͷǺŮ˵һ䡣
ŮЦЦȻ£һȲ裬Ǹǹĺ꣬ﻹһ͵ĺ˷򸾣ԼһʮĺСһڡ
ĺŮŪˣԼȻǵ˷޵һغҡ
֪ңһ˿ֻа˵Сֻ뻪ԼһξȻӾǣһԽ
ʵǲ˼飬Ȼ֮ǰһΣһţȻЩǹŹֵݾԷͬСɡ
Ӱ֪ڼ˹ŹֵĴ֮ͳ˸ָĹ£ڰһӾӪһСУ㹻ʣɷķһѴӺAKϵеľɲǹһھʹڼﲻȥڼַΣպͲ˼飬һܺãȻǼֵڡ
ǱοͣҵǳοҲǾȼ档
ʱϧϣˣİҲͬ͹ȥһȲ裬ȻûеûˮбЯʽȼܣҲкܶƿװˮԲŻݳޡϧϣɵĺһЩȲ裬Żع
Ȼܸˣȴǳллңʽʶһ£ҽϧϣأ


ʮ ħ
ϧϣҽܻЩŹ֣ôΪģƫƫôΪϧϣԼʶ
ԺˣˣЩƤ˵׷ɱˣʲôطôҸղſ˺ˡϧϣ˿ʵҲһһʮĽ˵˳Щȥ˼ľƺûϧϣ⾪棬ȻƲһ֮ǰӵǸ򣬾һŦڣֻû뵽Ȼһܵϸչ
ȷ¸鵽˭ͷ϶ŵġ
֪Ǻ棬˵ϧϣ츳Ҳһûоʲô¼ͨˣǳһЩһǰ֪ôôжϳͨݣԵһط
Ī֮ǰйƵľҪͨݣǾһǲôŵģһʣˣϧϣǶһݣֻһǧˣĲʮȥ֮ǰϧϣ֮ǰغϾǣͻȻ֮䵽˼ٹľǣ־Ĺ۲鱨ռϧϣ²˴еܡ
ħ𣿡ϧϣ˿̺Ȼţͷ֪ħÿһ棬ƶֻܽͬɫһԭÿһʵ϶пܺӣҽӵΪŦڣͬһͨУһһʵڲϵı仯ֱ仯һŲһĵص㲢ûб䣬һвָ룬ŦȴʵڵģͨŦڣתħǾͻᴩٹһطҵħۣô
ϧϣʮ˷ܣƺҪõĺӣһײȻͲ˼飬Щ󣬻ûǺеġ
ˡ
һ԰һǲԣ֪ȥƯСΪʲô˷ܺ㵸
һиоϧϣһȲ
˵Ǻ棬ҲܻϧϣѾͷӣϲĺģһ㵱ôʱ򣬿϶Ŀġ
ȻҪ˽⣬һЦôܸܰΪʲôôǿͨ˲ӵиǸӰʲôǹЩƤʲôǸڿеġ
ͺԤϵһϧϣֲԿһڷǳּۻ۵ŮЩ⣬ûʲôģûȤˣϧϣһԪ磬ǻ뷽跨գΪС˭ϲַս۹⣬˲СȷҪ֪һЩڴܣǼ˵
ҵԴҵľҿ㣬һܳܳĹ£˵ҲͨˣԲŻӵϺڣҲ˵ĺӰȷһڹǵƤˣҶҲû˽⡣
ǻشϧϣ⣬ƺ⣬ֱʣôҿԱúһ𣿡
У˵ҵʵһͣǾʱĻۺҪǿҲǲԡﻹԪˣⶫʵʵ΢һĹ˵ǿԶԸƤˣ̳ٶԪҲûá
ԼҲпܱǿϧϣȻʮ˷ܣԪ˵Чȴҡҡͷ
ֻǴﵽͨһһֻܸıĳһλǿȻĹҲǶ֡ӣǲô⡣
룬ֿһ֮ǰõЩֽʲôҾòΪʲôң
ԭдˣȻѧ׭֮
ò˵ϧϣǳ۹⣬ۼ׭֮ԱȵʳԪҪǿöࡣ
ѧ׭֮һ䣬ϧϣ̵˵ͷ۾Сǡ
ܿϧѧˣòˮȷ׭֮ôѧģҪʹͲһ͵飬Ҳ⣬ڼھգҿ˵һϧϣͨˣ˵ܲڶʱܣҲǿٵڶһƷͳ鷳ҪҪֲϣΪ鷳
Щϧϣ׳һĿһۣʱѧᣬᰡŪøҲˡ
һ㶣ҲУ
ƺ׭ƪҲû˵УֻҪƺõķ׭ǰעʱȻʩˣҪһֶΣȻҪСˣҪ
ȻԪǿ壬һΣգҲܰһЩæˣϧϣ˵
һ룬ӵȷУò˵ϧϣ൱򵥵ϣͿԽԼս£Ƿ׭ʦĿǰΪֹɱɱǿĲˣϧϣϣʵҲᱩǡ
˵ϧϣֻദ˺̵ܶʱ䣬Ƕ˵ȴǻصǰϧϣҲ죬ʶܾõѣһȻû˵ҲΪ棬Ҫ֪ˣϧϣɲôϸӺ
һ㣬ԼҲΪչֳʵ㹻İȫУֻΪĺ棬Ҫ˽Է
׭ƪϸķϧϣ˵ͨҪʮʮʱ䣬ǸҪö࣬ȷһԡ
֮ǰϧϣ̳˼öԪˣǿ
ʱɷķˣղŶԷǹȥһ£Ҳ֪ȥʲôʱȴһʧ
ȥһ֪ʳѾľ˵ˮУʳȴûˣķȥڼѰңʲôûҵûʳȻһ鷳ζһ޷ڼ˵þҪðȥѰʳ棬˭ܱ֤Σա
⼸ʹ԰һҲûʲôϾһ˺ܲķ˽⵽ΪҲ֪ǻˡ
æһӺܸˣǿǸϤ
ҴȥһҴͳУ϶㹻ʣеԶĹңǿһȥķһǿ׳ĺˣʮ꣬ʢ˿òôӢȻš
ͷϤ˵ķͰһôʱҲûʲôΣգ˵̫⣬ԼʵӦÿӦ
Ϊһ˵ĹϵûϺڳ֣ںķǰжһϺڱֻҪƤּĴڣϺڻǿԳġ


ʮ ˮĸ
˵Щ޴룬ȻԸһ㣬ʵˣ˵뵽Ũ֮󣬾Ѿ̬ʧȥ˿ƣصԭҲ
Ҳûȥ
ȻˣҪŪŪŹֵĴŪǺɫսҲ֪ⲻǽ飬˵һζԼ˵ǰδеս
ϧϣħǺܿ׵ģҲ˵ԭûбָ֮Կ˲䵽Ｘٹ⣬ΪĹֻĶȴţЩǰצ֮Ĺ
Щţֻȥҿϧϣħۣͨ򼸺ͺԤеģҲ˵˭֪ᵽʲôطˣֻԭĵ򣬾㵽ﺮϱû⣬ǴȴЩ
צ㣬Ǿ͵֣ǿƵߣкɫսЩƾճ֣ͻȻ뵽һֿܣǾǴֵ²ֻǵһ
ðȻͨݴŦڣ˵ᵽһЩԤ֪ûŪŦڵԭ֮ǰòҪ˵´δŦڣᱻ͵򣬵ʱŽ鷳
ķ·˻һСʱŵķǸͳڵĽֵ·ûκιȻһƬ԰ȫûﲢûйķڴĵһϣֵϴ˸ֲҽУڶ죬ֵϾͿһˣоĵģǵھҲӰ⼸춼ˣҹʱӰƮڴ⣬ƺھӣһ˫Ѫ۾ǣֻЩӰݣķһˡ
˵ֻЦЦķһãȻҲһֿܣķһвɸ˵ܣǵĿǰΪֹû֮ܵǰϸ۲ķһˣȻûκη֣ʵϣǶķһۣϾǹô˵ԪҪˣ˶֪٣ΨǼû£ô˵ȥ
ȻװһҲϣԼǶģһķһ⣬Ҳ϶Ĵ
ʱķָָǰоǰ棬һȥ
˵꣬ϾɵĲņ̀ǹ˨򿪱գķһۣͷһǰн룬Կǰһ¥ߵĺӰȴǳУΪûļҳе״ôŹ֣ڴſ޴ʯ
ʯÿһߴʮףڴ֣ʯ棬ǸӸߴĽӺһЩżе޴ԲʯףȻԶҲˡ룬ͨʯҲΪǿԵʡ
ЩѾȷķ⣬ͲǳУȴ⽫ԼûġҴ˿̣ķٶȣƺߵԼټ϶Է֮ǰǹʱ״̬Ѿ˵ˡ
Ȼķһ֮ǰӦϷϲ𴩶ԷҪķԼʲôط
ڶԷǹջûʲô
˼ʮף룬ͨӦҲԿߴʯˣװĻͷһۣȴǿķѾǹڶ׼Լͬʱ͸¶׺֮ɫ
ܱǸﲻǳУȥΪֻһӲܻʱķҲûмϷǳ˵
ʲô˼һ䣬ķȻû˵ǹָԴǰߣȥ㣬ҰԴ顣
ǰǹŹֵĽųһ˿ʶ̽һ£淢ǽйŹ֣һΪŹֵϢǳǿ󣬲Ҫܶ࣬ϺǿһЩ
ȻˣҲʹȥԼǰķһŵĸں棬ȻطҲǳ˿־塣
һǰһ߹ʯʯһۣȴǷʯ񶼲ΣģŹֵһ棬ȴֱۣϷֱ۱Ƕ죬һǹŹ֣޽ţֻһŹֵԲԴǳ೤룬еˮĸ
ķƺʯʮ־£ҿһۣǰȽǰĴȻ֣ʮ־޴Ĵ˿̾Ȼվˣ˵Ҳ
κһ˿һĻᾪѣЩ˾ֱͦͦվһ˵ǣÿһ۾Ǳ˻һ
УһĻҪж죬뵽ķŵĻЩֱͦͦվŵȻǱˣһˮˣСŮҲ֪ʲôģ
üͷһ壬ʶ̽һ£֣Щ˶ֻʣǣеʶǿտҲ˵ǵѾʧ
ߣķ˿ŵҡҡ׹ǹǰ˿ѾúͶԷϷֱ嵽ķǰһѽƾɵĲǹ飬ȻķһŵĿ£ָڶԷͷһ㣬˲䱬ͽķԽ顣
ȻԷûаģҲһ̣˦ֳſжһʦ׭Ͽղҵ鱬ǽըһ򣬸ǽЩĶᡣ
ٿͷ߰׵ĵطһźӰʦֱӺ
һŹֵ;޴οȥͺǸˮĸһ㣬ֻҪֲǱղһʦˣ䵽Ϸһ£Ưȴûи鷳
ϣϢϣȷⶫǱϺǿһЩ弶ûз׭ѹƶԷȻռƣȻҪʹˮ
ֶһʦˮĸһαУڶĳ봥ֶ飬һΣȴǷһ
ס֣䣬ǿķʦԸ⽫Ƭ㣬ֻҪŹң
ˮĸﾹȻ˵ȻԷĻѹûֵͣ˼ֱʦҹȥֱӽˮĸûм
˭֪ˮĸʲôŪ˵ԷԿ»ԼˮĸķѣҲʲô˻һǰʦһҪȥӣȻŵƬң
Ȼ֪ʲôƬֱƬ϶ͬ죬ҴӶԷƺԼˡʦ
֪Լˡ
ˮĸѾʦ˵ѾǱֻʣ°֪˺ˣĶԥſ죬³һöָСͳ̵ľʯƬ
һץͽץ


ʮ ԭ
ǾʯƬֵ˲䣬һ㶣Ϊϳˣ⾧ʯ羧ʯǺӹ˾Ƿֲͼһ͵ģôСġ
һö羧ʯɫҲԼĲͬԼǸɫһСʯȴɫ
ǿķʦƬѾˣԷ𣿡
ץһöʯƬ㶵ʱǸˮĸ˿ȴǳ˵˵Ҳùûü֣ͱʦĳûƢǱʶѾսʤĶ֡
Ȼܾôһòҵһ֪ģôܷŹʦ߿ԣȻشҼ⡣
Ļʵѹû˼ȻϣܷŶԷ뿪
ǿķʦʲôʣˮĸҲɵȻ˼Ϊ˻ֻô˵
ʲôָָΧѾ˿տһˣʵ
˵ЩͼҵȻʳǵ壬׳ˮĸشķǳȻƺһûʲôˣȻûע⵽һ˿ɫǼȻҲһЩڣвǴͬʳ˵ֵͼȻСҲó

һȻԷԼֻɵӲŻԼǰ˵Լͬǵͼ
ΪƬӦòٶ֣ԾȻǼߴߵ嶨µЭԼǿɱЩͼϾӡֻ䵽ߴߵ˵ǷʦҲ伣˺ܾãһζӡ֮սһͷһʦôҪҪ֣ϣԿԶȡƬ
һ࣬Ǿڻ͵ҲãʡԼˡ
ڶԷߴ廹жӡ֮սȴԽĺ棬˦֣˼ſʬʧȥǿƣЩʧȥʵѾʬûʲôҲܵʬĿơ
⼸ƵʬΧס
ԷֲԾ˿Ķ֣ҲʦĲƲ˿̾ҪҲ
˼Ҿ˵ĵͼ˵һ䣬ȻǼʣûӣ¶ҲܣΪʵ飬νߴ嶼֪ȻˣҲûҪαװ
ļСʱ˵˸׳죬ֻҪ֪ģ˳Ǽʬʵ̵ģֻҪԷشѣͻһʬһ봥֣ΪѾǰʹЩʵϺָ࣬Ӳһ۶ָôʹ࣬Ҫ˵ԳƸߵȻ̣߱һж˵ˡ
˿̣ѾǲƲֻʣһһԣŸղŵõ鱨
ò˵һܺãȻһ֪ܶ壬ڴԼЩ嶼ҲǸһֲƼյĸоٲһʼǰãˡ
˵˭Ūģһѭ
ʲô˼
Ǿǵʱ䣬Լͻ֣һγ֣ѾǾǧˣҲ˵ÿǧֲֿ꣬ĴͻһΡ
ãǽֺ͵һ紮һ𣬼Ҳͨ˲䵽壬ͨŦͨｫȫʳꡣ
ֵԭǺһӡйأӡҲֻֻ֪̫֪࣬ҪõͿԻУһλӡľνߴ壬֮һʦҲǣνķʦʹ÷׭֮ĸߵҲֲὫΪǷʦ
ߴ֮⣬ΪǵͼΪȷÿһӡԱߴõÿһζӡ֮ǰߴ嶼влԵĹǶõЭԼ
֮ԿһĽƬǻȡӡĹؼҲ֪˵зǳСһҲᱻú޻֮
Ȼõ֪ʶԶֹЩȴǺʹûʲôϵˡ
˵Ҳڼʱʳ꣬ȴ޷ʱתΪʵǿϺܶ࣬ʱܶԸҪĴҲǴ˿ô򵥡
Ѿ֪ʳ궼ڣҪգҲðһ⡣
ò˵ǿķܶأֱ壬ȻҲͰôܱܲԼã
׭ƪмأԼٵһͿм׭м׭һַ޷ūΪޣʦҲսС
岻һ
뵽Ѿ˼ƻշ׭ϼأҪٵһҪʱĻۣϾⶫҪ۵㹻ٵһĳ̶ȣԲһһϦģĿǰ츳Ҫٿٵһм׭ĳ̶ȣҲҪĻ۲ſԡ
һᣬһݾǾԼð壬һ꣬תΪһ˵꣬Щתɣٵһ˵Գɹ
ĳɹôһӽʡʱ䣬ȻôҲб׶ˣǾǵһȹ̣óȻ٣ܻʶһãȴһ̥ʶʵѾںϵԪʥʥ䣬˵ʶǱԼûȫھֳԻǺпܳɹġ
Ȼ֪ԼʶܣȨ֮󣬺ܿ˾ϣǾðռٵһӶﵽм׭ĳ̶ȣȻ޷ū۳Լޣ黯顣
뵽彫³ȻԼգշ׭ϵķٵһ
ԭٵĵһ˵ʵֻһһĳһΣǿ֮󣬵һ˲䱻ʮһһĳֱӱһ
Ȼ̣Ϊȱʱ乮кüһÿҪ˲䣬ʶͷųһɹâҫȻ޸ƣҪȹ̣һһΣػʮκȶ
˿̣¿ٵĵһѾͬһ׳֮ǰҪǿֱ̫࣬ͬնҲֻ֧м׭


ʮ ɻ
ٵһգʵֻǷʶУȵ۾Ѿȥ죬ʱѾǴﵽмʦı׼ǽһʮǿ׭˵ǲѴ֮ͬʱ߰ʦҲᱻ
ϺںŪ׭ƪֻм׭ԲŽƪڸ߼׭ͶڵٷûСѾ֪׭֮Դߴ֮һŵʱܻҵõķ
ٿĸ壬֮ǰȡչһգ˿Ѿֻʣ°ʬܣһȻƾ۳һ
ֻмʦյֶΣѾҪֽžͿһһֱӴڣߴ˿Ѿûз˲ͱƣΪޡ
ޣֻϵתΪʦṩָİշ׭ƪе˵ֻӵ޵ķʦĵҡսֻһ㣬ǿһתϣһ㵹ǺϺڲֻ࣬Ϻֻ׳ȴ޷
ѾΪԼ޵ջصԼĵһǴżʬķļҡ
Ȼķһܻ֮ţãΪ˽ףķ˸꣬õľǰȫҲǣϾܻѾңȻķǻţʵϺЩԵʲô
ϧϣİȫǲģ˵ϧϣ̷Ԫˣǿʣͨ˸Ķ֣˵ϺڣҲκ⡣
˵طüʬſڣԼŶ롣
Ĳɵ裬ĸĸǲڣܺСڷϢЩţȥȴûҵҪҵӰ
ԭﻹǲ֪ķһ˵ĳоûһøУԼ֮ǰķһѾʮ޹˹ȥлСЩǴ֪ģҪ˵Ϊ飬²Ŀġ
ƺо񣬰û¶ֺͰЦݣǵ۾һԵϳһļ⵶Ȼʵķأ
мĿŶԷû˵ȥҪϧϣ뿪˵һĻ죬Ҳö֣ϾٲǻһСӣֻҪʶȤҪ鷳ҲϾɱ
Էڤ粻飬Ҳ
һŮˣɷƭ֮һֱڵϢһˣԷθǸֲĹ͹ȥһǾͿԶһʱİȫ֮ǰҲôֻҪ˸ǸֲĹ͹ȥǾͿԵõʳǵģʳطʳͿԻȥΪ棬Ȼ֪Щ͹ȥ˶ˣΪԼ˭ܹܵ˱ˣ
ķƭȥСʱͿԴʳһΣķûлôһֱȥʱ䡣
ð֪һˣҳȥɷֻܵ˻ˣȴɷ򣬶ǸƭȥǸˡ֪һǳˣûϷֱץż⵶ʡ
ûпǾֱȥоðһо
ԷŹԼ
Ȼɷķ¶ˣôԷ϶ŹԼǶԷ׷ҲҪΪԼͼĺ˿ǡɷķˣôԼͻ˹ȥǾͻûʳֲûбΪԼͼ˻ȥȻ
ܹȥļ⵶Ľף֪ǸֲĹҪͻ˹ȥ˲ɱԭ֪ôԸˣû뵽ԷȻԼֻץסǾ̫˵ȥˡ
԰ԥӵնֻʱһӰͬԱһ㱼һžͽ׼Ϯİ߳ȥ׶ԶˣȻϧϣѾõԪ˵ǿ⿴ٶȣѾﵽ˵ϣͣôеùϧϣ
ϧϣһ˷ܵ˵ͬͨŮԣûѶҲֳرģȻǳģһֵľɢ¶֮ǰԱˣԶֻһЦݣпʻãϧϣ˵ĸо
˵ͷͷһ۱ϧϣߵİԱ飬ڴѪɫ
֪ˣһϧϣʵղӣϧϣ϶͵͵ҪȻҲô֡
Ȼ뿪Ҿ֪ʲôˣкܶ˵ĶɱԽеˣǺݣһֱûжֱ֣¶˺β͡ϧϣ˵ȻһֽżǸԪ˵ȷҸоҵٱԻҪ󣬵ֿԾһٹٶȸ˺ü͵͵Թ׾ҿܵڡ
ҸԪˣЦ˵ȷϧϣԪУһɫľˣǻɱͷ켶컯˺õġ
ϧϣ˾죬һȻָָǱѾһϢİô
̾˿˵ʵϧϣղ飬ȫһԽ
ɱˣ
׶βʲô˵飬˵ǰҵģûҪԼҲɱ£ȻϾѾûץסʵǹֲñˣԼʵǿˣѾ
űİ˫Ŀһۣͷųһ壬Ҳޣ˲䣬һ޴ĳ֣ͬˮĸһ㸡ڿС
ϧϣһĻȻ˫ðСǣǰȴ¶Ⱦֵɫ
⡭ǡȻ֪壬ֻʵ벻ףȶħҪµ壬ôᱻٻ
ֻûӼ˼ˣΪֱ֮ʩչֶΣץ̳ȥ
飡
޵ص㣬ɵջתΪһ׳ͬǿֶΡǷʦǿ֮˵ʦһߴϵȣֶȻͬСɡ
ʧȥǵİ˫ۿնǣܿ죬Ϊƹؾϧϣûĺ¥ϵСҲɵҲȥ£߳ӡ


ʮ ɽ󺣣һ
ϺڣӸղž͵͵ңʲô˵˷ӣҲûкת˿ҪһͲ
Ϻڴ˿ȴǴϧϣıðæǰǺܺ棬ղŪǸʲôȻһꡣ
ʵıʣˣԺ͸ϧϣߣһëҾǸ㣡ݺݵвһǳһĪ
Ϻŵôһ£æͷǰģϧСһչ˺ã
˵ʵϺıסˣղٻǸֲ壬ǿѹԽѹƣֲǣǶȻֶ꣬αԼҪ׺λǰˣ˵ĻԼ
ϺǸӾ¡
ϧϣ˿һЦϺڣ£ֻŻ㣬ģԺңҾͻ㡣
ϺڵͷѾ⣬Ҫúźϧϣλ̡Ǳϧϣġ硯һһ˲䣬ƺǻصԪ磬ϧϣһܿ죬ҡͷһ˿еĵѹơ
ϧϣԼϧϣһԼǱʶԶҪԼ׽ϧϣ
ûзӦϧϣȴһţԹԵǰȥ⼸ĽӴѾƢʱҲˣԼСӣϧϣͷǰ壬ֻҲǼӿŲϡ
ΪǸĹϵһƬʮﷶΧǿһˣĶ壬ûˣҲûйԻǺܰȫġϧϣڿǼʬǱֳŨȤĻ˵ǻѵĽʬӰﲻ÷׭ʬͷͿԿʬֻӰĽʬҪƣʬҪףֻҪʬ壬Ϳ÷׭Ƴʬ
ʱҲѧϰ˻ķ׭ֻ֮ǵѧἤʹ÷׭ҲҪһʱ䣬ۺ첻ѣҲֻϰ
һطʬſڣȻϢͬʱߴѾӡ;ʯƬ齲ϧϣȻԪǸϧϣǿ£Ҳûˡ
ϧϣ꣬ȻͬԤϵһĽǿûоǺˣһ˺ϸķ
ʵôǱ˳ӦʵǸ˵һжģôЩνĸ߼ߴ壬ΪӡȻЩܻв;϶ᱻͻ֮飬˵ˣǱһģȻˣΪʲôȥһɢȥ˭֪ãʮ꣬Ҳܶһطɵȡϧϣ˵ͷͷǵƫƫ˵ĺҲƵƵͷ
ԸԸ⣬ѾھУ磬֪㲻ͨˣȥһһ㣡ϧϣСȭͷ򾢼͡
УҲֻôˣҲ֪ϧϣ˵û䱻䱻ΪôûͷӬҴֻ߶һطǿ
˳һ㶫ͬʱ񣬶ʱϧϣͻȻʵ磬˵ǸôģҲͨݣѵͲһʧֱݸɵ
ϧϣĺܼ񣬶ҲȻ뵽һ㣬ҪŪµ⣬ѾԼޣֱӰѶԷгʾͺá
ӵһнٻ⣬޸ĻشרŵĽͨߡ
ʵϾǸǰ֮һ
ԭһĻһ壬һöɫƬʱǷڸܻƴһʤһ
ȻЩģǵ񣬾ȻԵֵݣͨһЩӿֲŦڡ
һЩŦͨһЩǱȽ鷳еŦмﳤݴûרŵġͨߡҪͨǲܵġ
֪Լͨٿֵϧϣ̾ǽͨ߼С
Ȼ֪ȥʲôطܱȴһطǿ
ĿǰЩƬǷɢڸҪռֻˣڡƬжٸոҲֻ֪֮ҪƬлáӡĻᡣ
£ٻޣ߻һ⣬ǺӺǸϡ
˲䣬澹Ȼǵѣ±ʯƬȥƤһ¶ĶĿȻͬһл壬˿޵Ŀ·Ȼ£ڡ
ϧϣ࿴һۣǾ͵ķǿȥǼʻһֻ浽ճҺȥЩġ
Ҫ·𣿡ϧϣʱһ䣬һ۵㣡
˭֪ϧϣѾͷĿʼ·һ۾ֱˣϧϣ£չ¶ഺŮ˵ʱ˵ĶǼٵģһ̣ͽԭ·װȻ󿿽һڡ
˵Ҳ֣ڵлƺ޻һȥͰȥȻ󼸸ӱǺһĶϧϣ沿ţһ˶С
Уò˵ķţ棬壬Ҳѧ·װãȻڵڶ룬ͬǳһС
ʬǲҪ·ǱˮĸһľĴֹסȻֱڣˮĸһӷԼٶԶȥٶȾȻȷɻҪ졣
ܿˮĸ͵һŦڣ·ðһӿݣȻ£ȫǰҲ޷ͨһ͵ŦڣһΣˮĸٶȲֱӳȥ
ݾΧϵӿ֣ˮĸкüζУһеݣȴ޷ˮĸƻȻˮĸУȴǿʶĿһĻҲզ಻ѡ
˲뵽Ǹɫսǻ᲻ҲһַԴдŦڡ
ֻ֪Էǲߴ֮һȻֿ֪ԺܴۼʵǺɫսɳƤˣѾԺͨᲢˣ˵ɫսǿֲʶ塣
ЩˮĸѾͨһƬģӴһΧĻȻ仯޿ˮĸͣС
һûп¥ãҲûпκνΧһƬտԶһЩ޴ɽС
ʱʶһҪ޲ٿˮĸܣȻٶȻһһٶȼĺˮĸ˲䱬ը
ҵĻⱬըѾͬڼʦըˣˮĸҲֱӱըΡ


ʮ ɽ󺣣
ˮĸ˲ܵشӿзȥ˿ֻоѪӿǱը̫޴󣬶澹ȻҲ鱬Чˮĸܱ˺ѡ
¾Ҳ޷ƣ䣬˵ǧ׸߿׹£Ȼݺݵһϡ
أ
ˮĸֱ䵽׽˴ˮȻҲܵ𶯣ٱֱ䵽Ҫǿ˺ܶ࣬һʱˮĸ룬Ҫ鿴ϧϣȴɫһ䡣
ϧϣˣ
ͷһȻղˮĸǿֲ鱬˺ѣһ벻֪䵽ʲôطϧϣǸطǸղſֲ鱬ֱӸĸӦҲ޷ϺڵλãϺҲ޷ȷϧϣλá
ûȷʲôط֮ǰһϢ֪Լ鷳»Զֹˡ
˿ں棬жˡ
ôҵͻȻˮĸˣϢͨޣ֪ˮĸǳ߼ܵҵĹƻҲԻ޸
ͽˮĸǱָԼǿȥȻںϿȥ
˿̺ϣƯżС͵ķһƯԲ̣ÿһԲ϶վһˡ
ϸ˿ǵȷֻ࣬ͬ⼸ԾĳǿȼÿһԴﵽı׼һ˴ﵽ׼
ֻˣȻ⣬˵弶ҲǶ֣⼸ԻֶΡ
˵ǽ²ŵķԲ̣˵ֱϴŵһŹֽԲ̣ҲԲƼĲ
˿ǼùŹֵķԲ̣ںϣƺܿ죬Ǿ½䣬Բ̾ȻѾ˺ϣｻ̸ΪԭС
ˮлζͬһǱ࣬ӽʮҵľʱѾ⼸Ľ̸
ղǸϵķڻУӦѾķѣˣ̫ʲôܻ
ˣҲҪϸѲ飬ˣϵˮѲ飬Ȼ󽫷Ĳк
˵Ǳߵļ϶⼸죬Ѿ˺ü¼ˣЩһԽԽ޼ɵʲôˣ
һǷʲô˵һ˦ֱ֣ǸԲ̾ͼһƬⵯǱˮ
һǱֶĸ֪ӦòܷԼŶԣڶԷǷԼˣȻԼֶ֪Ρ
ǼĹⵯӵҪǿӦҲ̴ˮﱩ𣬶ͬʱ˲佫һ˵
еˣ߶ȣ⼸жϣȻǵ͹ʵ֣ǿýµķԲ߶ȣְ취϶ãǶͨĸ߶ȶ˵ûκ
⼸˷˲䣬ļʦѾǷ伸Ǽոշ׸ߵķԲ̾ͱƬҲһǡ
ǸƷˣȻΪΨһߡ
ֶɱļͬ飬ҲǴһһֵĿȴǵǹĲ£ɱǵˣ岻Ź㣡
壿аӦþ˵ߴ֮һˣһٻʵղ˵ˣ
Ȼ֮ǰ壬ܵ޷ĿƣѾ׳˿̵ֺ̳ȷߴ֮һǼΪǿһ壬Ҫ߼ܶ࣬˵嶼ֻ壬ӵһ𣬾塣
ô˵һ㶣治֪廹ʲôི
Ҫ߼γʵڵĶκζҪͿԵ˵ûκȱ㣬Ҫ˵УǾǹǳϡ٣ÿһǳǿ󣬶ҪͼһЩʵʵ˵
ôǲַǳ޴ĺɫս̬һЩŹֵƤػ뵽ɫսԳʵ
ūū̬ͣͳһģǾ޴Ľ嵹ġ˵
ˣǸ׷ɱΣǿޱȵĺɫսԾߴеĹ壬鷳ǣƺҲһ壬ǲ֪ǲǸ׷ɱĺɫսǣǲŽԩ·խ
ǳԼڵʵǼϷ׭֮ǺɫսҲЩ˵ʵǣм׭֮ҪһЩ˵ԷڶūǿƤˣƺһʵͿһࡣ
޹ͨ꣬ſǸԼץס࣬˿̺ѾŴˣھɵҲ֪ͨˣڹū֮һҲ֪һЩߴ飬ྐྵȻԿһߴ֮һҪŪԼǷַӵ顣
Ƿǳ˳ˣūŪһƬȻѾǵ򣬶һ򣬽ɽ롯дɽд󺣣󣬶һͳūһӴ
Ȼﲢֻй壬һǿ壬͹һҲŪ˴ūЩūһʥɽ˵ΪҶ
ū֪飬ԭˮĸģǹū˵ģӵмΪǿĿƼ⼸ūʹõķԲֱ̺ϵĹŹǹĿƼ
ϵĿƼٳǰ꣡ūʱ˵ҽңסϳ³ֻ·һ
Цһֱ޽ū곶ɣҲû˷ѣֱϷ׭ƳʬȻķԲ̺͹ŹֱֵҲʼŪ
ܿŪˣֱϵǸŹʵҲԿƽµķԲ̣ͬңһۣԿԲ̷е̬̤Բ̣ȻһɶŸոˮĸһƬк׹ɹȥϧϣ棬ҵ
Բ̵ٶȲӺ͵һƬֻΪдȷǲǾղ·ȻɽΡ룬ˮ˵˴ɽǴ󺣣ҪֻҵһˮĸѶȿ֪
鷳ǣ޷ϺȡøӦҪôϺڻɢԼֲڵʶҲʧҪôǳϺԵֿ飬ĳΣ޷ϵԼ
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ڰʮ һҷ
ȻϺ鷳Ϻ鷳ϧϣܰȻ
˵ϧϣԪԼӣȻ£˵۴Ը·ʽǶԼ̬ϣǶ̫ˣһˡ
ϧϣȻҲԼĺøУһϤϧϣȻܸоֻϧϣļʾãǺȥȴ£Ǳʶϧϣʲô
ջе룬ѰһȦһȻҪôԼ׹ص㣬Ҫô﷢ʲôϧϣϺڱˡ
ӸղǸū⺣ɽһǹ壬һ壬ߴ壬ߴҪĴ̫£ΪţԶ֪Щֲ
ϧϣϺǱץߵģôȻǹ壬ֻǴ̽鱨ҵ˿Ȼܴģ֪ʵǹ֪ģѹԵǿƾԲµԼܶԸģܺ͹忹⣬ȻҲ
뵽ٿطԲ̷򸽽һɽ
ɽĺһ޼ʣɽͬҲӴޱȣʮӣ˿ߵһƬɽϣǰڵĺϣƮһ޴ִ
ִǺʱӣо޴ĴٴﵽʮףǺٶȴǷǳˣûмʲôںкô졣
һҴ󷫴һԭǣڴļװϣŴࡣ
⴬ǴӺģд࣬˵ϧϣ⴬ϡ
ûȻҪȥ̽ȡһϣȥȻӽǴ󷫴
һ壬һ׵ͷ󷫴ͣһЩźʵ׵ڽִϵͷϣһЩ˿ŴӣǴ󷫴ϣôϵ
ΪڿҲûб˷֣Ϊ֮ǰūԼһθǻһšԼϣһȻʵȴǱ뿪ǴصһλռǶԷֶǿ̽ٸߣҲܷ߽й˾Բܷ
ȻǿԶԼʹãҲԶԵʹãơǽЧصռ䣬þԻƵˣм׭Ҳмʦõ·׭
Ҫ˵ʵ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ǿķ׭ֲ֮ΪȱʧԪʵۿ۵ȱݣȻڵķ׭֮ȲÿƬ˵ѾǺܲˡ
Խͽڷǳľ̽鱨
ܿ죬Ǵ󷫴ͬһЩ׵࣬ЩϢǿǵõĳǿǵʽͳһȫ߳ʵ֮ǰĹū࣬ڶ֮ǻ
ģǸʽŮŮҶ׳꣬˺С٣һʼΪЩǱǿץģϵ·ǸɾҲûбסֽţһƣһЩδ֪Ŀ־壬ûκ⡣
󷫴Զ࣬ܿ죬ƽϾվˣ㣬ˡ
ӳǵʮգһ׵һ˵
ܺã˵ѾУǣϣǿԻ㹻Ա֮Ӧµ磡Ǹӳ˴˿˵һȥʮĺӣǿ׳ͷ˶Ҫ߳һͷһصĿףԵ䲻
ǣѾ˵ˣҲԸϾЩãΣеܸͬһɽѾ˵ˣôӳҪȥִˣһзڣǽ־ٵؿλãײԼĽؼףӳҲͬڻӦ
ȥɣһ·˳磬⣬һСĹūϮЩɵСΪŰվõϵĳͷ
Ӵܿ췵أٴμݴ뿪ʱſڴףȻһŹֵŴ󴬣ֲٶȻô졣
ӳ˿ȴվһ̨ϳ˵λҽһ£ʿ轣ʿǿԳƺΪӳҲԽҵıǿ֮ǰҺһҲһͨˣδʧȥģ֪ŶλȥڣҵµĿ꣬Ǿ̷ΰһ壬ҵͬ飬ǸϵĻȥ
ʱ˺ܸ˭ֻҪгԵľͿԣ
ǰѾûԶˣ˭ҳԵģҾ͸˭һҲǺ
Ȼû˵Ҳͬı飬ԭڸԵĳйӲдȻǿҵҴ˵˭ҪûҲνֻҪܻȥǱʲôǿ
ʳģǿԵõ㹻ʳˣǻõ󲻵ǿͻȻ彣γȻԶһʯն˲䣬ƾչҳһۿɼĽ磬˲Խʮ׵ľ룬һ׸ߵʯֱնΡ
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ʯ£п룬һĻֱӽ˶ɵˣܿ죬˵۾ﶼ͸һâһĻ̫ˡԾ˺ܶĥѣ֪ʵҪԣǿ˵ֻҪЧҺͳʲôһ壬ͿԵõһУ㹻ʳǿʵǶĶһƺֿɵá
ƺΪ֤Լ˵Ļǿ˻֣̾мſ׵̧˼ӣ涼ǸʳֿˮȻֻͨʳǴ˿ζȡ
Ҳûкǿ£ŶȡȻǶѾ˳һ壬Ȼ˿϶Ҫعأ˵ǿչֳʵҲԲܿġ
ŶǰȡʳַʳҲǵͷæµʱǿһ
ʣһ˶𣿡
ǿ̧ͷ˿ȴǿһһոȡһˮǶԷģֻ˵ĵһۣǿͫһ£ָоһֻ˵ͻȻ̧ͷԼǰվһͷϻĸоһָоֻ˲ʧһִ
ϸ˿ǰˣûָоǿҡҡͷֿЦĸоԺȻղֻǴԷֻһͨˣôܺԼ񣬹鷱࣬Щƣˡ
ڶԷ⣬ǿǺܿĻصģкܶͬٴﵽˣһڲУԷĵĽﵱ¼ңгʳãһǿ


ڰʮһ ʿ
ǿĻش𲻹˵Ǹ֮ˣҲ˵ģͬһҲС
Ȼ˵֮󣬲϶¶ϣ֮ɫ˱ϾȺ˶ȻҲаȫˡ⺣ɽȻҲдŨȴǱطҪϡܶ࣬ټͨ˵ĿҲԿ׵ҲԺһЩ滷
ȺУոʵǸ˰վһȡʳ૵ǸտûõŹ֣ĪЩôģ
ʣղʵ˾ֶΣҪﲢѴ֮ȻѹԼڶԷʵ㣬ҲӦ֮ԻЩȴ뵽һֿܣ᲻ϧϣҲбҵȻ˻ȥϾ廹ǹƺ࣬˵֪ԭʲô϶ǵĿģȻˣԼǿԷֱȥ̽Ǿʹ忪ʼ
֮ǰӹūŪķԲ̺ҲˣЩ޷ϣҲЩߵĹã˵ʵİ󣬳ַҪ
Щſ׵࣬Ҳ޷ǻ͵ЩжһڳһЩʳ֮Ϣ˱㿪ʼ·
սӳǿ˵ҪϻǣҪԽɽʮ·̣Ҫһһҹ
ȻƶϣԶѷڿƼĹ塣
·Ƿǳĵģȴ˼˼δ̵УһȤ顣֮ǰûע⵽ǿ˵ĿףԭΪǲͨķװϸ۲֮ȴǵĿϸһΪص
ӳ£ӵй˵ķȻǲ˵֮⣬Լ౾
ǳ˵ԪˣǺӹ˾ǿҩֿףͬһǿװţֻǿЩ˿׵ˣҪϻȥӦò˶ãӦòٶȺ;
ҲΪмʦҿٵһܲˣȴǲܲ̽ôô˵ĺϣԪ˵óħǿƼ
ɽ֮ɫѾתʱ䣬ӦѾȥСʱҲ߹˳ʮ๫·̡
ԭϢ۵ͨȣǿǹȻûһƣȻϿ׵á
ʱӦȴ̧ͷԶ
ܿ죬ʮӰٽӽһǿ˲ŷǴ󺰣Сģǹū׼ӭս
ǿڣһʮ׵ˣͳһȡ±ŵʮȻ׼ٷӰֻƬ̣ԷѾǰȹģȻЩŷԲ̵ĹūֱϵĽ̺ܿ켤٣ĿʿһʮУֱӱʮԶȻصײʯ
ǴſףͬʱܵʮҲԵֵܸоԷĿ̺ǿҪٺܶ࣬ڿҲǷ˵ȼ
һ棬ǿ˾ͳ˿ҲǼȴûĿ꣬ΪзԲ̣Թūٶȷǳ죬ҪȻѡ
ʱǿһνһնһۿɼĽ缱ֱӽūɨһãֱӱնϣǿǾͰһɡ
ӳɱЩ࣡ʿͬʱǳū
ת֮䣬˫ǻͨ˿һĻĿɿڴæĴܣ±Уķ֣ǿƺ£Ҳ֣͹Ǿνϰ߳Ȼ
Ȼǲ֪˭ʤ˭ܣԼҪûȥǵģǿ˱ɱˣǼƻҲ֪ЩҪʲôɱˣԼ˵Ҫˡ
̶̼ӣ˫Ѿǳֳ׶״̬ūӵٶƣֻǵһ˹޷ȫƿǿǵĿףǿȴǿǿĽ磬ÿһζɨһū֮ūսԱʿҪһأֻϧֻǿһˣ˫Ȼƴ൱ˡ
ʱ򣬿ַһ޴ӰȻȻأһȴΪǿ˰ѺΪһĺȻūƤˡ
ҪԸƤ˶ΪѾƾǿʵԲƤ˵Ķ֡
ҲͬԤϵֻƤ˳ֵ˲䣬ʿ˲ɱϵҲ޷ǡ
һ̣Ƥ˳ǿҪһٻɱüͷһ壬ȴǿټһʯ죬һעУȻȻָϹעʯ飬ƻѾ;ѻǹӵһˣǴھ֡
ۿҪǿֱۣһ˲䱻ʯиı˹켣յĲǿͷƤߵǼһ
ǿȻ֪ô£ץŻᣬĳȻն£һ¿Ƥ˵ϡ
أ
ǿĽЯֲƻֱӽƤ˵һֱն䣬ֹ֪˺ƤˣЩĽƬԶ¾ۺϣƤѲĵط
ȻǿƤ˵Ķ֣ԼܾһΣҪˣֻԶ֣͵͵ǵļƻˡ
ԥĽڹۣͻȻһ⣬ȻڵӡһԲεĹŹӡǣͬʱµĻһ޴Ӱ
ܴͨﵽѾСˣӰﵽףҴһ׸ȹ̵ȫףһɢŹâĳì
ǣͫһѾ˲²⣬ͬʱǽԼϢ΢š
ûв´ͻȻˣߴ֮һ壬ʿ
ϣ˵ʿ̰ݵʿһ̤ɢһâգۼ͵ǿߣȻһì̳
һ˲䣬ƺһì۳һ㣬ľһì¿ɢѩʧ١
ƤҪܣһֱӱ׶೤ĳì̴ͷĻǻ𣬿ɱì̴֮ϨƤ˺Ȼأһء
ʣµļū״Ѿ˵ӣ̾ҪƷԲߣֻʿìһ̴ָì⼤һ磬˲һūݣڶֱеū
£Щūֱӱɱǿĵճ˽̿ǾԶŵǴ̱ǵĽζ


ڰʮ ʯн
ʿһ֣չֳǿޱȵսֱӽеɱҲĿɿڴʵʿѾӽ߼ı׼ǳì׺Ȼͷ硣
ǿһʿѾǹһأЩͨ൹ûУȴΪɵˣļսӵе
ɵ˵ˣΪʿ˵䣬ǶԷûǣûǿˣǻһɺ⣬һҫ۵İȥ
ȻԷûκαʾǿһЩŵ
˲мǲмָ߸ϣм͵ͼ˵ȥһ۵ĸо
⵹÷ǳ֣ӣʿ̬ҲǺһ㣬һͬ壬ֻǽ൱˹ߺµʿͬĸоǾǶԷƲ࣬ûн൱ĹϵмΪǵū͡
ǿЩʿνͣ
Ȼ˸߰Ϊʲô᲻ޣࣿʵЩ˵ȥЩìܡ
Ȼ⣬ȥǿŵνǺһд𰸶ʵϣҲòôãڽн·ϣǿ˵Ľ̸ѾһЩ
ǿȻҲʿôǣǶԷλȻҵﲻǱ˵һЩȴû˹ܡ
ھǿ˲Զĵطӵ£ǵĶԻ
ϻƺǳ࣡
С㣬ֻ˽˵˵ǻȥ֮ԲҪ˵ʥŮҲȲǣ˵ˣǶֻܽһ棬ҪʥŮˣлڵ滷ʥŮ˴ȡģǾԲܶϲʥŮˣ
ָ֪оЩˬֻʥŮһֻ࿼ǣ
ǵȻʥŮ˱࣬ûϿ϶Ὠǣ˵ǱҲΪǣҲūʹྐྵȻڻң
ˣ˵ˣֻԺҪˣСıȥһϵĶжԴġ
Щ̸һǾ࣬ǵ¸һ˼һеˣӦǿ˵ʥŮ
ֻʥŮʲôЩ֪ˣʥŮ࣬ô൱ɵ͵һôĻôȨʵ˵ȥ
·̣û鷳¶һҹ֮󣬵ڶ磬ڷһɽ󣬿ԿԶɽȵУһΪΰĳǳأȻªѾģҪǣɽȵУûдһǰȻʵĸо
һĻҲ۾¶ϣʱľһΣĿʼ
ɽȣԸоů棬Χ˸ֲݣЩǴһĹŹֲԶĳǳأΧþ޴ʯľ϶ΧһԲȦǸľʽģ࣬Ҳкܶǿ׵ʿ
ոǵˣֱӽ룬ҪһһĵǼǣɴ˿ɼǵĹ߻һġ
ע⵽˲Ҫ¼һЩϢҪһΪȤĲԡ
ǰһĸ˸ߵʯͷÿʯͷϣһѽÿһѽ϶ʣֻâǿǿֳĸȼÿһ˵Ǽ֮󣬶Ҫǰȥ԰νŨȤ
ǰǿ˿̽͵λĸʯнһԣ˿԰γĽֻһѣԳΪһһʿǿԱԼļˣǡ
ֽͣˣ൱һֲԣһֶǱĲԣԶԸܵܽһѽγ˵кܴǱǱζĿռ䣬ȻַͨҵһЩǿߣǿˡ
ҲǶʯнԲŨҵȤҲϸϧϣҲô϶ĳˣҪڶʱҵǲôףֻͨ˵ݣƱػܵƣΪǿݣӦҪúܶ࣬Ҳ˽һЩŹֵĿףԿʯн֮ѾϣҪγݡ
ʵʵŶӣȵǼǣȻȥԣȻ󲿷ֶβĸʯнȻҶֻ֪ҪܰγİѽκһѣǶԷɻڴλȻͬʵǲпġ
ʯнһѣҪγҲܵﵽǶĸӦ޹أһǿ׳Ĵ󺺣ӦҲܰγ෴һŮӣܸӦҲԽһѽγ
ʯнԵĹؼֻϧһֻһˣȫǱһԵ̬ȥǰ漸ȫ飬ﻳİѽǺʯͷβʱһʮǰȻֱӰγеһѽ
˶ǾһĽͼʣǸҲȫû뵽Ȼ൱˷ܣǿ˵ܰγʯнˣõĴһԻǿͷ˭ǿ
˵һͻеڶԾԾ֮£ܿ죬һɹİγˣһȴһŮԣʮ߰꣬һŮγ֮󣬶ѾĿˣٵʱɷΪ˾ͺˣһ˴Ů˵֪˶ٿ࣬˶ٰۣˣڣɹİγʯнԺʹ˸ı䣬Щ۸ˣҲٶκηǷ֮룬ΪγʯнʹʱһС
ʣµһһǰԣγȻ˷ޱȣ·Ʊнһ㣬ûаγȴһɥͷɥϾôһԣԺˣĿǰıһ߰˸˵Уͻһܰγǿˡ
ֵڵǼǲǼԼʱûҪü֮һĸʯн
ղѾ˶ѡǵһʯнΪʯнϸŵ٣ҲװγģһţôĶšźĺŵʯн϶һһѰΣҲʵֽˣԾ󲿷ְγʯнĶֻһţȻҲмγ˺ʯнγʯнĸγʯнֻһˡ
ҲǱصȻǸγʯнˣĵλǱǿҪߡ


ڰʮ ҳ֮
һĸʯнֱĸʯнٶ˵Ĺעֻ󲿷˶۸ֵ֮ͣǰҲѡĺʯнһʧˣǸγʯнˣҲԹһΣͬʧܣ͸һоĺʯнǸ޷γܰγҲ϶츳ΪţƵӦòһٲӦǰˡ
Ǿ󲿷е뷨Ȼǲ˵Ŀ⵱ȻѾ͸һ˿мͱġ
ֱĺʯнҲǿʿע⣬ͬЦҡҡͷĺʯнһʼʹû˰γҲ˵ĿǰΪֹ࣬˵Թûһ˳ɹôƾʲôܰγ
˵ͨˣǿҲá
Ŀ£һͳܲסѹܻѡʯнѾǼӲ˵һͨ׵ıǾƤѾȳǽҪôں˵Ŀ⡣
ĿģԺԥǰȻҲ˫ֳֽΣǵֳֽȻһͳ˳
˲Χ˵°͵һأԶҲǼžޱȣ˵ţĺʯнųܰγɽ쾹ȻǱ˰˳ˣ˰γĶ˵ɡ
¿˿Ȼװ֪룬ȻʯнʾԼγġ
˵ʵ˵ʵûʲôѶȣĺʯнϵŨȸߣֻкǿ˲ܵĿǰ˵һмʦݣҪһʵûκѶȡ
һ˿ȴһ𺳣ȵ˻عѾͬ
һʼֻǰɵӿΪûܰγĺʯнǵγȴûٸΪ֪γĺʯнˣԻΪˡ
ǿֻǰγ˶ʯнѾһСӳǿԽʩչ硣һϾͿ֪γĺʯнˣȻҪǿλߣˣ˭ָСƣкܶŮ͸һ˿ȣͷŮ̵Ķ࣬ǿֻɫˣҪҲҪüǮöȻγĺʯнǵĿ꣬ᣬģҲ˧ܶŮԣѾʼôλ¹Ϲϵֱӽ¡
ʱʯнԵʿɫ𺳣Ȼ߹
˶ҪŶӽ룬ȴר·ҶԷ̬һٰʮת䣬Ĳˣһ²ֳˡҲûж˵ֱӸ⼸ʿǡ
ĻûнвԵˣҲһʱԾԾԣʲ٣ԷȻ԰γĺʯнԼΪʲôУ
Ǻ˼ǵһξѡĺʯнϧһֱԵһˣû˭ܰγһЩ԰γǰʯнѾǻȸԾ˭Ҳɵܰγˣ۵λȨ϶࣬Ϊˡ
˵˴һΪ޴ںǼʿ뿪֮ǰγʯн˶ȴһʮˣЩ˶վɫ࣬Ҷ
´һ£տҲֻܰڷһЩܺװܣŸĲݣҪ˺ܶ࣬Ƭ̣˼ˣӦǺͨԵˣѾǳʮˡ
ſ׵˽ͷһϢǿƣѾﵽļı׼ʮ־ȣó֮ǰӦֻͨ࣬ڴǿ֮󣬾Ȼô࣬ʵЩ˼顣
λȻӭǼǣΪǵеһԱ㹻ʳṩȫסȻҲҪǾһЧһ壬ЧʥŮҲйأΥ˹أô˭ᱻȡסʸߣǻᰴչ涨гʹ˱࣬ŭЩ˶һţдģɨЩһۺ˼Ǻ˲ͬǶͨʯнĲԣԻһĴ͸õǿסһҫʥŮΪģʲô£ǶҪʥŮʥŮȥҲҪȥִС
ʥŮ
к棬ʥŮʲô·һԶ಻ѺãʥŮȻԽһۼô࣬ȻֶΣҸղ˵ԻлһжʥŮҲ˵ʥŮ䣬һ壬Ӧֻϵ϶ѣȻҲɵ˭Ǻã˭ǲã˭
˵߽ʿһľ߽Ȼľз¿
ȻһѳǣһѳȻǿٷͷ
ҳ֮ҲеˣԶÿһ¼˶Ҫϸļ飬ⱻ룬ҳ֮Լǵĺʶαװ޷ҳ֮ӣһĻߣĿߣҳ֮ͻǸ˵࣬ǵм͵ˣھԼվʿɨһȦʮûһվ
ܺãǾͿʼɣ
һ䣬һԼеҳ֮ǿٷɵһ˵ǿðһ⣬֡
һĻоޱȣԭ;ĵ֣϶Ļ˻룬ڿ˼Ӧ֮ߣҳ֮ô棬Ще˿϶첻
Լأ
ԼĿģҲ£ۼʶĿƣ˵ʦģһٵʶ壬Ȼע뵥ǵͳݣʶһġ
˿ҳ֮ѾټʮˣϾҪֵ
Ҳæʶ壬󣬾ʱԱͻȻһҽУһԵ۾ѪؿڣѾǱҳ̴֮һĻֱӽŵѪɫ˼ѾѹΪûͨҳ֮Ŀ飬ǻе⣬Ȼ˾һҪļ
ϳȥʿһ˵˽ʬ̧˳ȥ

ס̹ûжģҳ֮ܶϵľ֣ʿʱ˵ȻЩ޹ˣȻ侲Ļˣȴ׹
һ̣һɫȥȻйҽܿ飬ֻûӳ񣬾ͱǰһʿնɱ
ܿ죬ҳ֮ǰ׼ȴһ̹Ȼܿ죬Ĺâ֣һ˲䣬о⽣ƺʶһ㣬ڿ̽Լ顣
ֻԷֻܿļƬ̺󣬹âʧҳ֮һˣǰ˿


ڰʮ ʥŮ
Ȼʶļƭҳ֮ȻҲһֿܣȻĿĲ棬ûжʲô⣬ҳ֮ûй
ʣµҲȫͨ˲ԣȻǽԴϲ˿̣Χʿ¶ЦЩˣΪͨҳ֮ˣ϶ǵˣ֪һ㹻ˡ
ڣһˣʿǰļȻ԰ɣ˵γĺʯн˲츳ԺҲΪҵ˾
΢ЦԶԣóҳ֮֮Щ˵Цݷǳϣûһ˿һ٣ȻǽԼԼˡ
ôƺò˵ҲǰϵȤղŷֵ˵ʱɱϣ˿ȴˣһ¾͸˺ܲĺøС
࣬УЦǺǵ˵Զ飬ȴΪΨһһγĺʯнˣͬ˵ģҪ˶ãͻΪ˾УʥŮ֮ǿߡ
һ㣬ɡ
ҾͽҲֽˣ˺ܼ򵥣ãͶãϻϣҿĵλӦòͣԼҪˣæм鷳㣡
ԺǾһˣ˵ʲô鷳鷳ģ˵ɣʲô£ǺһЦ
һѣ֮ǰʧɢˣ˵Ҳ⺣ɽ룬˵ֻˡû˵꣬ŶԷ϶֪ԼҪʲôȻһЦŵ£û⣬нǵ඼뾭ǼǣǼǵҲ֮ҳ֤֮ЩⱨֵͨԵģģֻҪֻ֣Ҫ׼ܸҵ
˿ظ֤
һҲǰ֮ǰûб֣նԷ˵ģͺðˣϧϣ϶ҲǼҪҵȷ£Ȼǰ
ϧϣָ࣬߼Ǻ֮󣬾͵һͰȥһʥŮӼˣ֮ǻҪѵȥõԼĿףʱӦûʽĹְݣԺ󣬿Ҫչˣ
Ц˵ȷγĺʯн˵еͷһýֺͷ붼֪Ժλͣ˵չˣǿ
˵ͷʱŲǵ࣬ܲҵϧϣɡҲ뿴νʥŮǺηʥʥŮɫЩˣóĳǷģûһ١
ֵܣҲûˣҿô˵ϣıǴԱҸ㣬Щûа൱ˣֻǵͼǿϳһĻûر棬Ϊ飬һʼͿˣǰ߼岻ķѾʰ࣬ΪʥŮڣǲܽԼǵͬ࣬һжʥŮȡһУûûڵǺʳǵͬʥŮһǶԥִС
ֿȣ룬ʳһʮֹĵ⡣
ʥŮ𣿡
ܹؼҲܺ飬൱ͷȻʥŮһǻʵֻ࣬˵ԹͨϵףǱҲҪȻôΪȡôʺͱʵ㣬ʥŮһ𱻴ģҲŮԡ
һ㣬ûлɣһ֮Լͬȷֻд˽˲飬ΪóǣȷǸṩһ
˵ʥŮܵõ˵ľغͳݣҲеġ
ͺһ𣬱ȥϢһСʱֱһ¶Ĺ㳡ϣǰһ̨ӣ˿Ѿгʮſ׵ʿ
֪ʿʵϾǽһǵԴȪһϣףһġ˵еںɭʿǸԪףⶫҪӸ߼ͨ˴ϣҲԱǿĳˡ
Ҳܺ棬Լƺǰγĺʯнˣ˵ҲԵõԼһףʱоһ¡
ƣȻʥŮҪˣЩûаγʯнѾȥֻаγʯн˲ʸʥŮ
ȺУǿҲ࣬ҲͬʱͶĿ⣬˵ͷ
ûãͼǰһʿǸһŽɫ׵ŮԣŮһϡ˵Ŀ⡣
˶ǵϥ򵹣ʣ⴩һŮʽ׵ŮˣʥŮˡ
Ҳѧ˵ӵϥŵأ۾ȴǳʥŮֶԷĿ׽ȫʵʵİţͷҲǴȫòһĿȴǽŮе޳ĹյļΪǡŵһѳԳдյӢ
ƣѾﵽı׼ȻʥŮϵĿ׷ͬСɣΪǿ󣬱ǿҪǿʮֹȴԼǿ棬һʶ
ԷͬʱǿϵʶƺҲڻǰʥŮͻȻͣ£ŤͷȺʶϾҪ߼ܶ࣬ɢ٣öԷ޷ټʥŮ¿˿ƺûκη֣ǼǰֱǸ̨
˿̣ʥŮϵ͵Ľ⣬ͬŮ٣һܣŻ˵һף޷ǻӭ˳ΪǵһԱͬʱΪ˽µļ԰Ŭ
̣ʥŮ˵껰ͻ뿪һȴҪһΨһγĺʯнˣƺҲ֮УĽУʥŮһڡ
ȴô룬ղȻʥŮαװĺȻܸоԷĿ⣬һʼڿԼôעԲʲô£Ȼ⣬ʥŮһٶо
ȻǽߵĻǲ룬һʱھֻʣԼʥŮˡ
˼ԷͼʱȴʥŮ˵һ벻ּˣ
Ȼ͸һ˿⡣
һ㶣һӦʥŮʶԼֻ벻Է˭ڻʱʥŮժͷ¶һµӣһ˿⡣
㣿ʥŮòˣԷȻǸŮƵķȳ󣬾Լ뿪û뵽ȻʥŮ


ڰʮ ı
˵ʵ죬ֻ˿̵ȴЩ֪νͺԼһϸ˵ľˣ棬ˡ
ңû뵽ɣ֮ǰ˵γĺʯн˽뵽㣬ղ̨ϹȻ־㣡͸һ˿ɫһԹٴһ
ЩЦãôҸоǵһ
ѵ𣿡˭֪ķӦȴܴǰһӷ㾹ȻԼ뿪֪֪ʱҶôϣ˱ңȴһ֮ҲҪл㣬㲻ңҲ飬ΪʥŮ
ò˵Ů˵лʱеʱ²ǳģǴ˿̣Թȴ˵Ǹмһ
Ҳûɶ˵ˣͶԷͲ죬ǸʱоһԿӣԾ뿪ϸ˵ҲԼûй
ڣҲҪ˵ı෴ҿԱˣ㣬ڲҲҪҵıϸ룬Ǻ̵ܷģĿ֡С˵־ĸоҫַũūѸ質˼
ǸЦһŮ˵˼ȻԼ֮רŰԼȻֻΪˡԼʵЩɣò˵ܲٻˣһȲˣûôС
ԶŮˣһʼӣ˿̸Ƕһ־塣
ûǾ壬ȻڵΪɵĿԣûиоԷʲôɱȻҲֻԼҫҫ񫣬û뷨
ϵġЦһʥŮˣǴҪ𣿡
ЦԭӶ˵ģȴǵõ˼㣬֪ôģƽʱҲֽƽϵˣڿȴ뵽뿪ǳҪؾһ£ʵԸȻ㡣
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Ȼôǵ⺣ɽ룬ôΪʥŮģһǿޱȵεõģûж˵ߵʱǸ飬˭˵ǵͷ֤
ȵ뿪˲䣬ȴǷֳһ˿ʶλֻ˵Ϊ˼ϵһס
ȻĵȻֲ֣زסµˣó֪ԼĿ⣬֪
һ׿ףʶϺڸĳƷһǿϵʶϺҪǿ̫ࡣ
ˣһ׿ףʲôҸղſϵʶ䲻ƺǹأ׿׾ǵѣҲŪԸŶԷͼı
뵽ʥŮݣ˵⵱ǲʲôı
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ƴʶ壬ںʥҪӸ߼
һҹ޻ǴڸõϢͬʱԼĵһ˵ڶ죬˴һ񣬽ǰ¶죬ڲְԲΣʯɣž·룬һεʯ̨˸ߣʯ̨ǿ̻Ÿӵķţ飬֪ʲôô
ʮγʯн˰Ѿ˶źöӣɫ࣬˵Ϊǰ棬Ȼվһߴﵽ׵ʿ
ʿһγֻɱƤ˵Ǹһӿ׵ʽԿ˿̣ȫ׵ںʿ˵ʲô֮ʿź˼ƺǺʲôЭ顣
Ȼǵ̸ȴǿԣ̸ɫЩѿȻطǻȡ׵ĵطһƺԸʹãȻǶܼɵֻ˵ƺк̸еıǮ֮ǸһʿЭˣӦʹ׼̳ĵط
⽻̸ȴǾЩطԡ
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Ȼԭν壬ǴЩ׵ʿ䱾ǿףҲֲһϣһʶ
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Ҳֻ֪ţ徿ʲôܣʵҲֻ֪ǰ
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ʶ˿ͬһ㣬Ưһ⣬ʿߵһ͵͵˽ȥʿһĸֳֳìɱƤ˵ǸʿҲڡ
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ܺãʥǱأ
ʥ˵Ҫ죬ͻյǸ꣬ռ壬ΰĸ
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ڰʮ ׸ΪʲôҪ
Ǳôˣ˵˭вǵļƻֻйʸ񣡡һʿ˵˰
Ϊ壬ɽĹֻһǿҲֻǺ˴ƽ֣ߣȺϡ٣Ȼÿһǿ󣬵վɢ£˵кܶ£ǹ徹ȻҲŪһȺū£Ҫƽʵ֪ǵʥϾҪһʥ˸ǹֻܵķݶˣ
ʿȻֹͣ˽̸ҲǼʱջʶ̶̼ʱǵõ̫Ϣ
ȣ׿׾һνʥ棬֮ԴϣΪʥ渴һȻֻ֪ǱһãֻҪʱһͻᱻռ
Ȼνʥ渴Ҫʱ䡣
֮⣬ϵĿҲ⣬Ȼȼϵò˵һ̴ĲֱǽˣתԼԵɺıǵóˡ
ʱʮѾһ붼õ˸ԵĿףЩ׵ʽһÿһǼޱȣ˿ףٶȶɱӣ˭֪Щ׵ʱҪĶ
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ֵˣɣ̨Ͽ˵ò˵һɵŮˣΪǿⲻ֪ҪĴҲǼΪصġ
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ȵâɢȥϹȻһ׿ףȻǷǳƯĽɫĸоǰһƬĻƽʥʿһ
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˼ûȥĻǱ壬װ֪һ
ȻõĻƽ׵ȼǳߣ˵ĶҪǿܶ࣬ϵĿȻҪһЩҲޡ
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ǵʿεܼ򵥣ǾǱǣڵõͬʱҲͶ˷ĹУЩС£Ȼ࣬ȻôҲΪܸоԼѾܵĳּӡ
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ոͷų˲䣬һ׿׾Ȼ̲Σգ˲壬ȻڶһΣӿ׵۲ȴðɹâ
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Ȼƽ׾
ʦķ׭֮Ȼǿ󣬵һ壬ûʬū㲻ǶҵĶ֣ƽ˵꣬ѾǵĽǰ־Ҫ۶˫ȣƽ׵˵ȣǸֽ״ϡ
һ̣һȭһֱӽƽ׺˵ϣصһƽ׾ͱıȥ
һȭ˱ٷ֮һʮȻܴ󣬵Ϊ粼˽磬
ǻƽԱˣǻһڼΣҲûٱ飬У˿һһš
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ǻƽ׵Դϸ׵磬ǿޱȵֻĹȴǴԤϣҲĿʼ
ûгȴͬʱԼʶ޸˳ǿ˹ǻƽײŷӦȻˡ


ڰʮ 
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գ֮䣬ƽ׵һֱ۾ͱԵ嶼ɣ޿ֱӹ
䣬ˣ䣡ƽԱ˵ӣոմռﱻȳֱӱһգ㣬ǳ׵ʧĨɱҪֲһλܸߵĳϣҲǱסˡ
˵ԾͲԣƾʲôʶ˵ȴǲֹޣǽƽŵһ̣Ȼͨһڵϡ
ң峤ӡǷģӴ˳ǰˣҶԸ壬ҶԥȥΥģӡɢٲƽףҲԳһﾹȻǵһġ
ԣո޶ˣһҲǺ𣿡
ˣֹãֱǶİߴ֮Ա֮Ϊ壬ΪǶӵӡӡ˵ıԴñԴģֱ̫ˣҪ޴˿˵
ͣ£û뵽Գļһ˵СֻǱ޳Եһֱۣ˵ӡ
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ҼȻԸ⳼ҲܾǾ仰׸ĺôﲻҪʵҲһ
˵˶ģҪԼһգǾǺһתΪԼޣֻԼܳ׿
Ȼûзʵʵıֲ޷׭ĿƣҲûӣƴͣƴ壬˼ҶһԼʵֻ֮һ򲻹Բֻѡ񳼷
Ϊˣ֪ĿֲȻƣͳѡһ£ԥѡǰߡ
ͶԼͬԽٻԿ׵̬ԼϣһҲỳԼ
ڸϵףǻҲǴռٻˣֻһЩͼˣҲɭϵĵȼƶȣǿȻʥ棬֮ĳϣʥ滹ǳ϶Ѿ£ҲΪ࣬ǲܽ󷨴ռ롣
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ʲô취Կףλʥ棿ʵŮ˻㲻ĵܰͰһ
ѣҽѾ֣ЩѾɹռЩ˵壬еҲˣʥ죬Ϳ٣ʥ˺ҲһǿʮҽǱҲͣģڣ岻˺㣬ˣͲùˣȻ˵
Ȼ᲻ܣҲ˵ˣҪףѣ˵ʥˡ
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˵ͷҲһ취ȻʵʩЩѶȣǿһԵġ
ʱƺֶǳ˽磬ȻװģڴϢ
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ȫƣΪޣ˵ԲҷԵǲõƭԼ
ȻˣȥǣǵģߣʲôӴʵ
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ͷҲ˵Ǳ۾Ϣһ˿ǿ壬ͷ˳ȥ
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ЩȻûзκɵ㣬˵ģȷǱ峤ϣһϢӡϾͿ԰ٷְȷҲǾ
ô뿪ɣҪЩɣ˵꣬һ֣ʿʮ϶һ嶼뿪
һУ˿֪ǻ㽵ȴ֪һʼǾǱõĹߡ
ˣˣʱ˵۾
֪͹ͣ⺣ɽΪʲôʵһ֪߹ȻҲ̻شΪĹ˵ӡƬһߴӡǺйģһƬ㼯أΪռƬӡʱ͹϶ᣡ
ǻڵʲôȻȻ׳һ⡣
Ĺ˵죬ĹͻῪǺܸɴ˵ûκѾһϣ֪ԼһپһپٵĹϵǰԼ
𣿿λʥͼƻˣ֮ǰһЩɻѾȫ⿪Ҫúóﻮﻮˡ


ڰʮ Ϯ
˵ڶ죬ѯĽר˽˵ע᱾ģѰҷˣûҵϧϣˣҳ֮˵ѱֻĿԣĽǣϧϣ
˵ʵû⣬ΪԼΪƽʿϢѾǣϧϣ϶ԼȻûУ֪
ɽ壬ʣ˹壬ĵǣץϧϣǹ壬ôЩ鷳ˡ
Ѿ㣬Ҫһȥȥһ̽
Դ֪һıҲڹ۲ڵʿеѾƣ˿ܣȻûбƣԸоʱƣϿ׵ϢԽԽǿҪ죬׾ͻ¶צΪɱȻЩ˿֪ǿʿһǷԼˣմմϲ
ûӽϵʶĨɱ߿ƣܣҲֻܶԸйշһҪ˾Ͳˣ鷳ǣ޷ǰ֪ͨǣΪôٷ֮ٻᱻЩ֪һ¶ԷܻܿǰЩʿɱ
ҲֻϷƴݼʱ
Ҳˣллˣ˵
ҡҡͷлʲôԺһˣʥŮѾ˵ˣԺǵĻƽʿλֻ֮£ҶĲ¡
˵ͷȻԼסѾ֪ԼְһѲܱߣΪںɽ룬ҲǴϡٵҰҰɲǵͨҰҰ֮ģǶѪǻῪΧԴ㣬ѰʳˮԴľϣʯϣµǣֻ˵һĳΣҪһľۼأҪܳ·Ҫߡ
齨ԼǣȻ֪齨Լ͵̵ļվǻһΣܽɵġǲһǸʱԼˣڣȴȵĹĺڰʱҲˡ
ûʥŮûЩʿֻǱūۣǻ൱ҡ
룬ȡһŷ⣬Ȼݸ˸Լࡣ
ʲôʶģҪ𿪿ȴֹһƽ֮ڲҪֻҪڶ˵Σյʱ̣ٴӦÿԵһЩɣ
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˵ļΪ֣أǰδеغ࣬ҲһǽŷպãȻģһհ죡
಻ɵܸʲôԶΪãһܿģȻˣҲͲҪʣΪܸԭ϶˵Ȼû˵Ϊ˵
̾˿һŷ׭м׭ڼ˲䣬ƿ౻ϵռݲҪ꣬ϣлܲͬʱ׭֪ʱԼм׭ûЧûлġ
ַ׭Ҳûж٣ֻǸһЩϤˣھܾȻضˣûԤˣΪҲûӰѻ˵̫ףϵĿװٷ֮ٻ⡣
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ЩһԪʯͷɵĴЫӣÿһ׶೤ʮ⼸ʿĹ£ܿͽֹŹֵɱ
صӪأǿߺһûȫռݺͿƣͬһŷ⣬˵ͬĻֻǿŵʿѾ׿ƣȻϿʲô⣬ǵѾ˿տǣ˿̿ģʵϾϴŵס
Щǿʿû˿
һʱôȥȥһȻֻǻһԼһƻ
Ҫ쵥һĻᣬȻͻȻһ磬Լ룬ܲôһᣬɱ߽λʥ档
Ȼ֪ȽҪΣյö࣬Ϊʥ棬Ѿ֣Ѿָ˺ܶӣһԷʵ϶ͬСɣĿǰԼֶܲܽƻɱδ֪֮
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ǻᷢ⣬ڵĴȥʱͻȻ֮ϳһ޴ĺӰһǿѹҲǴ
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ĵ͹Ź֣߶ǳ˰ףΧԲǺȾˣֱа˰ϣͬ洫Ŀֲѹ
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ȷֻһˣѹĸһͷǿҪǼȴϼѣΪûаջ𣿡֮ΪĹ˷˼ΪƵ
Цɲֻĸˣʿ˵ѵ㲻֪ǵʥѾƾһǰֻ
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ʥˣϣˣǿһȻ𣡡ʿ˿̴ϱ⣬ֵĽ


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Ѿսһ壬ҲǳԾѣһĻȻҲû뵽徹Ȼǳǰ֮ǰѾ֪Ϲ񣬹һҲֻа˸ˡ
˵ߴٵһϵһЩѾ񻹴Ĺ壬Ǹϡ٣һܳ˭û뵽ġ
Ǹɫսʿ֮ΪĹһ֣֪Լˡ
ȻԼѾϢ䣬ɫսƺʲôֶΣڳֵ˲䣬ͲԼȻԷûκαʾ֪ɫսѾעԼˡ
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һ˲䣬һҲ֪߳⣬Ҳνˣ֪Լñ¶ǰǰûжϵ
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࣬ǿǲ뱻ռ壬̼ҸǵĶ˿̴һӳʵ
ΪһĳϣʵȻӹɣʵûлָ軹ǿġ
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һѹȻѾ׳Ȼ֪ʱӦô˵ˣɼˣֻҪԸ⣬ǿпΪޡ
ѵˣģϾҪɹˣϾͿԸΪʲôΪʲôҲģģǸŮޱȣһ̣һץȥһͽһӲ˺ȥ
˲ʱ䣬һ̶ĲҽͿϵȻһǿĳžһķѡ


ھʮ ʸ֮
ʥˣڶ˾˵Ķǳ죬ʿҲܻԮûٶȺʵȻǵǵ棬ʥ׸顣
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ڣǼϣʥڻûлָʵ֮ǰͱ˶ɱǴʹʹȻǲưոݡ
ɱԲ뿪Ѿ壬һͬɱʿ˿̿һǧˣƺƴ
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ڴ˿ֻˣֶζڣ̵һʱ佫ջصһͼϵĻƽ׻һâ˶ͷüģһŷ׭

һֻм׭һмʦһʮ·׭⻺һָ׭ʩںεȵĸ߶£ַͨ׭Ӷͬëһض˿ˡ


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ֶֻΣЩͨսʿԲвϼЧڣҪΨԼսʿײȻһ̤ȥ
ЩͨսʿԶвֻǸһЩ鷳вģֻĸʿʵΪֲĺɫս
ոմܳȥղڵͱһУװڵһж˲ǼӲʯҲֱӱݻûüѵսʿҲ꼰㣬˲ɱ
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ʱһһĹȥûκη֣´ͷųһƤ˺ūȥѰ
ⲻ֪ĳصȴ˿
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ΧʮūٿطԲ̷ȻһȥȻҲǻУȻô뿪һƬɽȡ
ȻǹΪԼɽȣǲʬУû뵽ԼȻڶʱðµūǴҡڵĳȥ
Լ侲ǻۣɹĴְΧѳں͹ȥˣ֮ӳְΧȦȻ㡣
ΧǿŷԲ̵ūһȥû뿪Ϊٷְٻᱩ¶Щūʵʱߡ
һٵٶȷʮӣѾһο˺󣬶ǰ棬һΪ޴ĵ죬ЩūǸȥ
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ԶͿһΪȽĻأûǵԭʼȣūӪǾ̫Ƚˡ
Ȼ󣬵ȴŽΧǽҲʶеӪĳֺϽƳɣ̣ͿƻõӰļֱ޼Ӫһֱʮ׵ƽ̨ūŷԲһͣ棬Ȼжװ
Ҳѧ˵£жװȻĶǹ˵ĺ棬ҲǱⱩ¶
ȻЩˣūǵһÿ춼¼ģֻͬǣūǱץģԱ˴˲ر죬ҼȻūȻǱɣϵͷ߼ū͸ūһǰӪȥ
ȻūҲĵȼƣеĿɵӪеģս֮ͻᱻͷһ


ھʮ 
һɳʮ˵Ӫֻ˵η֪˹ūĹƣ˵൱򵥣Ǿ˶ūūֻΪȼһûκɣҪʱͳȥڻңҪʱͻ֣һӵһЩɣūĹ㡣
Ȼ˭ԸΪߣֵֻܻλݵıϾֻ
Χūĸɧȴר־Ϣָʵһ˶ԷԪָ
ǵˣν²һЩŭˣǺɫսһٵĶԼ֣֪ԼʵԷҲҪúóһڶˡ
ô
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ȻҪ֣Ǿץʱ䣬ʱ䳤Ҳҹζ࣡͵۾ȴüһ⣬һ½ǰը˸顣
һһΣֱٻ̬Լս
Կǰ棬һɫ׳֣ȻȻų˳ȥܿ˴̶ľ
ū뿪Լѡ񣡡ηū˵һǸųȥ
棬ѾǼɹҲǿȻЩūܶԸģū۶ǶûʲôЧԴ˿̣ӵѹƵġ
ļƻǳ򵥣ȿϵͳȻзſ׼գԼڹĻַ죬źܿͻϻʱһù峢Լ
أҲ᳹׻Ǻɫս׷ɱԼΣֻصһϢ
ܿ죬ǿ͹صָң·ҲǿƤƤҲֻбɱķݶ
һʦըָҵĽţʮֵĿԼһͱһָԴ
˵ԴͬһԽ罦һأ˶ʱʵˣȻ֪ǰԣֻ·һ
ҵжԿǴʲôطǾʹʲôط˵꣬ʣµ˶ǻæͷϵͳȻǹĿƼǳ˹屾⣬ϵͳʵϲûʶҪٿأ͸һĿԡ
еū⣬öԵЩȫݻ٣ָָغ޴ĽȻ֪ʲô塣
⡭ⲻаǼһɫѿôºҲýǰƤ۾ðɱ֪λү˵ϾҪ군
벻һǶһһ
Ƿģ֮ҷߣã˵أ׳һϣ
еʱǲܽģҪһ·Ȼ⻰Щһᣬˣ֮󣬾ͱƣÿƴĹѹեǵļֱֵǱʹôһӳ죬˵ܾʹ˰ѿơ
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һ׼ԱͲٿص׼˺ĴƬӪؿһʱǱ߻죬ֱը˷Щ˿֪ǴʵĲֿ⣬俪֮ŷЩﾹȻǶ˹ŹֵĽӣÿһӶ˸ߣͰ֣͹죬һը֪ЩǸʲôõˡ
ըУɢȥЩӾȻǴͨðչֳԿ󲿷ֶ࣬һĻЩūҲˡ
ԭϡЩ쵰ȻǽǵǾȻɱôͬϰɣһʮūĹڵϣǻںޣȻΪŰӱըٵðֱ԰ơ
κ˿һĻἹֽŷ飬Ͼ໹Եģٲ̵ˣ򼶵ͬ˻ƮҲľ
ԡ
Ҳüͷ壬ͬû뵽洢ĶȻϰ꣬Ҳ˵һɱ˰򼶵ࡣ
ֲֻֿҪ룬˲ȻǼеķŭʲôȫҺȥеĽը죡
ǼūҲһްİ°ťһը죬ֱӽնȾ˳ɫ
ˣϡսˣһŮūָǰһĻ˵չȥһüһֱȽ״ɨ裬κνһƬ췶Χķ嶼Եһʱ䱻֡
˶Ͼֻһˡ
ʲôסҺݺݴ֮ǿԼߣʲôҲԾáһ£ū̲׷װ°ťöСһĵٶȼĳ𽥿ĺӰȥ
ˣʮҲһ𹥻ȥۼٶȣٶ죬գۼѾǺǺӰϡ
˿ֲҵĹҲĿɿڴԼһüı֪ĳڰ·Ͼͻᱻңķ̫ˡ
ڣЩһȫкһսϣ͸ĻȥֵһĴȣΪǸսȻǺԼйڵġ
ʮںķϣ˾ҵıը𶯣쳹ʣȻһķˣƾڻԹǵķ֡
ַɵϰһҹȥȴǲ˿ֲıըյƲ㶼ըķѣҲǱǿҵĳʯѣˮӿ
ūѾӵһɶǲٿطԲɢū˿ҲɢӣǽŪ˸׳죬˳㽫Ǻɫս飬ǾǴ׬׬ȻֿԲ


ھʮ ʦ
Թǿޱʵ˽⣬ƾһĿըǻ޷ɵɫսȻǿֲıը󣬺ɫսֻǲֻˣ˵ѾǾ޴ĽˣҪ֪֮ǰʿһΧɫս޷ʹɴ˿ɼһεĴȷЧ
ѾȥڻУҵһԲڿնȻʮűѷȵɳȫ󼤻˲ʱ䣬һЩҲըķ顣
ѷм׭ʦͬѷȫȫΪƻڵģû鱬Чر˺ǶԹ̬壬ƻЧըҩû˿Ҫ͡
ǳ׻ˣòٿطԲ̣ԶȥղֻһЩϢ˿ԼʵȻͻͽ͹ӲӦûʲô⣬ҪѹԷǻǾЩˣȻˣþվУûҪģҲһӵˡ
У˺ɫսŭĺڸԶһӰҲǸֳӿٶȣŵӴܣȻ㵽˸һ͵쵱С
иɽҲдƬ֣ʺ϶ܣ˷ռһˣ嶨ȻķѰԼȻǵˣҲµǡ
ƽ뵽һЩĵ飬ǾڹūӪûзϧϣϺڵӰ
ȻϧϣϺӦòǱץģΪϺԼһʶϺڣٷְٿԲ
ûУĻҲûУһϧϣȥʲôط
ֻ⺣ɽ뻹һ
벻ͨµֻһһʱдһӵĽŲŤͷһȻһ౧һҰվڲԶȻԷҲԼһʱԷҪܣܿŤͷϸһ㡭ɣ
ϳϳˣ֮ǰǸǿһʿǿʱΪܽõĽԼϵҲ䣬ûбռ塣
ûǴӦɣ˵һ䣬˼æǣСУҲӳˣˣǱߣʥŮҲڡ
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ò˵⻹ǺɣҪ֪ɽǳ޴󣬺ɽ࣬ԵеԵ֡
˵ǿҲԼˣȥǣ
ϣСܸˣۼʿĳǼֱţƵһͿˣǵİȫȻǻüȼһȺҴ˶ĸӳˣǶռ壬ĿܣЩȣǼΪ˵ˡ
ȻȻСǳм
СﴩƬ̣һɽǿˣһʮˣѾ˹Ȼ˲СĴ˿˫Ŀʧ񣬵ǿ۾һְܿȥȴǹĿ⡣
ֵܣҲӳˣ̫ˣǿһܹһܱĸлûξˡ
Ҳһļ򣬶ĵȴǸһϣϾȻ˳Ҳʧȥ˿ף˵ˣȻǿһЩҲֻǱͨǿһ㣬֮ǰһֱǵ£ˣǵȻǿĹǣǿ϶Աƽ
ֵܣ˾ͺˣԺǶģ˿˵Ȼ˵˵Ȼ˵˳ǽʵûĿ꣬쵼ǣá
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˵ںɽѡһƫƧĵҪӰȫһЩ뵽Ѿ˾
ȻҪҵģҾ˵ˣȥѰһЩֻ֮ǰִ󷫴ȻһƫƧĵ죬ﶨӰɣ֮ǰҲӳȥܶ࣬ǿ뷨ӽҵۼһ˶Ŵ󡣡Լ뷨˵Ҳ׵İ취ˣǿ඼֪Ǹǣ᲻
Ǳ߹ĿҲ˶䣬Ŀ⣬Ϊ֮ǰԼԴΪõͿԻȨ˭֪ȻɵЩĹߣѾˡ
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ĺǿ˵ȶ⣬ȻǾ޵ݡҶһʼһУ֮ǰڷϣ뿪ǴʹģΪ뿪˿ͬϣڣһ
ͶȻ֪ʲôȻһԼܴӦǡ
̾˿ߵǰԷǱ˫ץס
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ȻѰǣҲôȻھε˼㣬ǳĲ
㲢ûһеЩ壬㲻ھΣΪһЩҪȥԲܺһߡһ仰˵ĵȵף˵ʲôǱֹһԱɿˡ
˵꣬㼯ȻָĶͷһ㣬˲ʱ䣬ֻоԴȻһ£ƺһըһеĸ֪ȫʧƺһ£ʶпٳһƬǺӡ
򵽵ֶΣΪֱӴ˵ʶУԷʶһԷͿԻһķʦֶΣǰʦȻȻǰʦǾ̶ֻķ׭ȴ޷ѧϰµķ׭֮Ҳ˵ʦʲôԷֻܵõʲôԼ׭ҪȴǲС


ھʮ ȥ
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˼ҲͬЩ׭֪ʶһʶУֱʣȻҪʱһǿ˵ĻѾһʶУûеֱӺǿ˸𣬱ʹ뿪Ȼӹ˳һūҲǣֻҪԼģ͵£ôȥûġ
ЩҲƼˮ꣬һ㣬Ҳ御ˡ
ĴҵĹλãһǲҪģ峤֪ĹڣϸĽĹʷ
νĹʵߴ֮һ˵ѾʧġĹأ֮ǰɽ붼أֻ±ǨǿҲ伣Ĺ޽ںɽߵһɽϣĳƯɽ֮ϣػЩƼΪֲǿһ壬Ҳֻضʱ䣬ЩƲŻʧ˿Խ˽룬νġ
ʱ䣬һεĿ졣
ȻҪȥһţȥȲȵ㣬Ѿָٻϣһ׻ƽ׷УĹ
˵߾ߣӺһɫзɳУڵϵǿ˿һ⣬֪ˡ
ֵ˵ûʱܾǵֻԼʥŮһǾͼʥŮˣҵһĵǿ˿˵˵ͷ˵֪ѾûʥףѾʲôʥŮˣǶ֪ͼˣȷΪ룬ŽǣҪˣûҲܻڣԶһ㶼ûб䡣
ҲΪʲôʦԵʣӵǰ󣬿ԸõķӳҲ뿪Ĳ
Ŀ׷ٶȺܿ죬ΪĳϼڣǺǿģ֮ǰʵûȫָҲô򵥾ͱ˵ҲǼһˣΪ޵ֻܸһߵڣԲܱѡ
ʱ֪ɽľ޴ڿзУֱһ޼ʣɽ󺣹㣬׳ޱȣûЩŸоá
нӽһСʱһ޴ޱɽдҲĿɽɽԵӽ󺣵򣬶ҪһЩС޴ɽͬһ޴Ļɽڣ¶ȣߵĵطѾֱ
ˣĹʱ˵һ̣Ѿٵķɵɽɽţڵϡ
첻ͬǣûκֲɽȻʯɣͺͺģһЩȥĿӶȥǿӿݣǴӵıһϵʱͻȻƲϷһսֱ˹
壿һӦЩѲĹ壬ܿͷ֣ⲻǹ壬ΪûйеʶҲ̫࣬һսȲʮףһҿԴֱ𽵵ķɻֻûо޴Ļӿƻһ㡣
ܿ죬֪һսˡ
СսϣǺӹ˾ı־ȻǺӹ˾ķֻǺӹ˾ķô
ǼǵԼǺӹ˾ǵˣԴ˿ս׼Ǻܿ죬һ㶣ΪȻǸܵһϤĲ
Ϻڡ
ϺھȻһսϣͫһȴûйǿһսԼǰ治Զ
ܿ죬ս˼ˣ⼸ЩĿɿڴȻǰĳԤϡ
⼸һ۾Ϳϧϣ˿̴һ׷ǳƻõĽսƮһźӰϺڣ˿ϺڿҲǵһʱƮ˹
ǰϺڸ˵ʲôͷҲ̧ĵȱ죡
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𾪵ģǿϧϣϧϣǰһˣ˵òȻԼеǸЩ룬Կ϶ͬһˡ
ƽһ峤ǺӣôһģһаȻˣȻԪƽһ峤Ǻӣֻ˵ǳһģһ
Ǹǿ󵽼ĳ˼ǿߣķĶʦȻǺǰһģһȻһʱ֪ǰ˾ԲԼ֪ǸǺӣϢϿԷȻҲԪǺӲ̫࣬ҲǴﵽ弶ˮ׼ǶЩƤ˶һӮ
Ƕ˵ԷѾǷǳǿˣ뵽ԪĶӦϵѾ֪˭ˡ
Ǻӹ˾õ߸ӡʯĴڣҲǽԪʼٸߣȻˣͶӰൽԪʱ򣬶Է˵ҲʲôֶΣ˻ƽһ峤ôһڡ
ǰ˵ʮָӣܿ侲
Ǻӣ˵ȻǺӣǵһμԿ϶ǺӾǶԷ֡
ڼˣкۣܶ棬ǺЦ˵ܸо˺ԪǺһαʵԪȻǲͬ磬ͬһˣԸϾǾ˵һ£һѾȷ
ϧûȤ̸˵һϧϣҲûж˵һ仰תߡ
һ£ҽͣϧϣ˿ҧ촽ֱ뿪Ǽˣæ׷ȥֻٶôܱȵգۼѾһ⣬ɵɽ֮ϡ
˿Ҳ֣ܵУϰҺ͸ղһսǺӹ˾ı־ȻһǿޱȵսֻʵûȤͶԷӴΪǺӵֻΪϧϣ
֮ǰ©һ㣬Ǿû뵽ϧϣǺӹ˾йϵϸ룬֪ȻľӢǺӹ˾ޣôϧϣŮǺӹ˾ҲǻѿܵġȻϧϣûиԼǺӹ˾Īðһŭ
˭ϲǱƭϧϣϸ룬ϧϣҲȷ̫㡣һʼǣ˽ϧϣȻҲһֿܣǾϧϣ뿪ƤƬһֺܺõĸϣϺڲ棬ԼҲ޷ϺڵĴڡ
ò˵ʧҲʹȻԸһ㡣


ھʮ Ĺ
Լ;ֱ뿪ϧϣֻоǱ˴һһᣬЩԵܿ뵽ʲôȴŤͷǱߵǺӣ֪ԲԣйڣΪʲôûиң
ô뿪ǺҲû뵽һΣϣ˵˾ҪһδֹŹֵһȻǽǺӹ˾ԭļƻ״ңһʱ鱨ռҲȡߴԼӡƬϢ
ǰ˾ĸ߼ԱϧϣǺӹ˾һʱ䲶׽ϧϣڵĸ߼ԱоƬźţȻ˽ߣǸʱΪǺӹ˾Ļϰ壬ǺӲ֪ϧϣʶ
ȷݺǺһƻҪϧϣǽ£֮ǰ鱨ռͷǺѾ֪ǴӡʯԪģȻҲ֪Էôܴһ鹹ʵ磬Ǻӹ˾˵ǿ԰Ǻӹ˾ŤתƵĹؼ
ֻҪѪӵڶά︴ƳĸƷȻ뷨ӿЩƷôǺӹ˾ƣߴҲ
˭뵽ռû˼Ҿˡ
ϧϣʣǺȴһɫ㲻˵ҿҲˣ˵ȤûУΪһЩüֵʧ
˵ֱӷսͬʱߵµ׷һҲǳĹģסȡãУǶҲûϵҪѪ
ǣϰ壡һ̻صһǱһϧϣϰ壬ô죿
Ȼǹ˾ĸ߼Աֽ׶ҲҪˣɣǺһ߸ϣ˵ֱӽսҲǸ룬ܿ죬սգսһɽ
ϧϣʼͷûлأ˫Ŀʧȴ֪Լһ顣
Ǻӹ˾ĻȻΪԼǺӹ˾ͨһԲŷȥӸղ뿪ϧϣ֪ԼʶͽӴ˼ˣѾ˶ôҪλãϧϣȷԼϲˡ
ԿԼ뿪ԼŻ絶ʣҲ˵ںҪȻô뵽ϧϣͻȻЦˡ
һˣںԷȻΪԷķȥպ˵ںԼ
뵽һ㣬ϧϣ͸оԼҸҪȥˡ
УһҪͣҪ֪࣡뵽ϧϣ뿪ķȻһҧɽȥ
ûзҲҪȥһҪͣϧϣѾ¶ġ
˿ѾǵɽѾǷǳߵˣҵķ紵վȣȻɽҲǹͺͺģ˴Ƭʯ̧ͷ˿ȻԿһƬ޴ơ
ƳһֲֿĺɫʵҺ壬鲼׵磬ǾôԶҲܸоϿֲ׵֮
ʣʵ׵磬մȾһ㣬ҲȻǻɢĽǿҲûãǹҲһ
ƵаģĹ˰ɣĿǰǵȴĹܽУʵ廹塣
ϯض뵽ϧϣЩꡣ˵ʵԼӦöŭϧϣԼǸϤϧϣϸ˵һˣͺһΪʲôԼôں
ΪƭԼ
ΪԼԼӵһˣ
Ϻڣҳ˿һ𣬵ŵòΡΡϺھð˳ȻֱӹǰȻŻˡ
ǰǰ
㣬Ǳ֮ڷʲô£˵סҪһ˿ֱӽ㶪˵꣬Ϻھʹ˼£ͷƾôԶϺڸоȿ־壬Ҵģ˵ֻҪԼӽһ룬ᱻǱŰ׵֮ɱһ˿Ƕ¡
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ܿ죬һСͷϧϣߣǸʱϧϣҪȥֻǸйĴūǺӹ˾Һ͹ͻԲҹȥǽϧϣߡ
֮ϧϣʵǱǺӹ˾˵ߴ壬˵ӡƬ飬ҲǺӹ˾ȥϾǶࡣ
˵Ѿ֪ԼϧϣˣûкǺӹ˾ͨһΪʱͬΪӪǺӹ˾ӵǿĽӣ԰Լ
ʼգϧϣûϺ¶棬ȻŮԼһ·
Ϻ֪ô࣬Կ϶ϺھԲƭԼһҪȥϧϣĳ嶯ܿסˡ
Ϊ˿һɹǿϢԶϮĸӦһʱ֪˭ˡ
壡ôòҪϧϣͽںǺһ𷴶ȫһ㣬ϾǺӹ˾ӵϰ峤ʮ׵սȻƼϲ壬ȴռơ
ֻܵһˣ֪ԼнⲻӣϾ˼ҵʥǱԼ˺˵ģ˫Ѿˡ
ϺڣҲҵĵһɣڵսѾܲˣ˵ϺȻ֮ãطĴһһͣǰϺڼҲһ͹ϹŵĶһڣͲԼһƨ˭Ҳá
һźüĶ
һ̣гǧӰȫףǰĸθߴһ塣
ȻҲν˼ۺ죬ĸʿϱһɹǿ棬Ҫ
ճֵ޴ޱȵĺӰ÷ŭ侲
壡ʿ޴ĺӰ֪ڲȥ鷳ֻǹ塣
ͬ뷨Ȼֻǣ˿֮һҲڷһ㶯֣֮ǰǹ彨ںɽĻأūǽռϰ궼Ҫ֪꣬ǹҪԴ
֮⣬Էٿعһˣ˵ĺ⣬ǵһλģȻõĻǲʶ콢־ֻܰнУĹҪ֣ܻܿòʧ
ԣҲˣȻ϶ڸԶϰǺӹ˾սĻ˿̵ȴĹѾﵽĸ
棬ֻһˡĹûнҲûͻֻǸռһ򣬰ĵȴȴĹȻǶ֪Ĺ֮󣬲ֵʱ
ڣʮСʱһƬƿʼɢ¶һ޴졣


ھʮ Ҵս
Ĺһ˲䣬ΧϰٹĴ·ǳѩһȥĹʲôΧȫϡ
˲䣬˵Ҳ˿ղգ̺Ǳ̺һ˲䣬ҲԼڵĵ죬ȻǾ޴ޱȣеĹȽµĵ컹ҪһЩ
Ϊû˴ѾܿĹϾ̨ͤ¥󣬾Ȼʣּ߹ŷĽ񣬴濴ȥɾ
Ĺ𺳵Ըӣ˵ĹʵߴѾʧĹڿȻǷͬ졣
˿ĹʽһӦģȻԶǺӹ˾ĽӡۼģǺӹ˾ϰսӴģԶԶȥֱǺѹѹһƬ˿ӴĽӿʼһеĹ
ͼȻҲȾָĹʿеĽһŭһָսʿȥһĻЦˣЦ̫ˡǺӹ˾սѾƼĶ壬һңսԲսʿܱġ
ͬԤϵսʿûпǺӹ˾Ľӣͱϡﻩ֮һ˲䱻ɱǺӽϷĵͻںͼڣսʿҲԵֵ
ʿһȻҲ֪͹һརӵˣΪԷױɵû뵽ҲһӲ硣
ʱȴǷһ쳹ƶ˵
ʿǺһǸ߹ߴ֮һȻǱЩͼҪ߹ĹѾĶҲֻǲʸᣬʱϣЩɱʵᡣһǹʿһҲǻ࿴һۣ˵ͷãǾʱϣǾȸɵࡣ
ãȻͬ⣬ôʵҲΪҪԸһִߡ
˲䣬ѾһԾһ׭ѾǶ˳ȥͼһ׭ƾһһ޴ĺڶУһһͷڷ棬ó۵ŮˣŮһһֱӵĺڶУ¶Ƥ֮ɫɿݼӲؿķ׭ҴϣŮʬһҲףһСˡ
м׭Ŀǰȼߵһ֣ʬٻһķһˣʩչ׭ʱֻɻܳɹʧܣģȴǺЧȻڹϣôҲֵõģΪµǲˣҲĹͬʱܵʿļй˵ʵһ˾Եֵסðնм׭ǿһ
Ȼϣһ׭ŵóڷ׭ƪ˵ĺףʬٻΪԵΪʩչһʧܿԣԿԳƵǸ߼׭
Ůʬ֮ɢΪֲʿɫ䣬ĸȻһ֣Ůʬ
ʿͬʱƺ죬˻նĹâһŮʬ߸ɿݵ˫ۺʮ˫һģǰðһͼ·һܣһһͬ˫βԲǰһʿĽ˫ϡ
䣡
޴ĳݿһЩ΢һЩսʿˣֻɽȴûܵƻȻʯʵЩ⣬طײ£ʯ顣
̳ɢȥŮʬǰ˫Ҳ˿
ô᣿ʿʧɫȻЩţд󶨣ԼķѴ󲿷ŪŮʬȻĲ˵ƾԼҲֵܵղʿֹһϣŮʬսʹﵽ߼ı׼Ҫߡ
ǿм׭ҲĶ̰壬һǼĳɹʲߣһǳɹĴǲ֪ĺڶٻŮʬʱҲޣŮʬϵӺڶ磬᲻ϵĽȥֻԼϵṩŮʬܴڵ磬һԼľֹͣṩôܿ죬ͻΪĳַ򣬱ϻȥ
ǷʦֶΣ벻ྐྵȻѾ˸߼ķ׭֮鷳ˣʿ˿п˺ǵʥ棬ȻˢӣԲô׶Ըġ
ʱҲǼսרԸȥǣǺӹ˾ĴӣȻѹ󡣺ܿ죬ĸ߿ƼھͺŮʬ˲䱻޴ıըû
˿̿˵ǻȫϼекڻ𣬲ˣϣūƤ٣һȥ
λķ׭ܸ֮߼Ȼٻ˵еŮʬûŮʬǳ౾߶٣෴ΪٻǿŮʬԷȻ㣬ֻҪǣŮʬҾԿԽ˻ɱ˵Ȼд㣬ǿһ㡣
ãǾǣŮʬǹĽ֮ףɲҪʧʿҲͬս˿֮ǰڵ̳ѾɢŮʬǿޱȵķ֮°Ȼ˿ѾǺƤ˼һЩƤ˺ηŮʬȥҲǽԼӵ£ͱǣɱƤˣһȭһеƤˣ̻ѣ޷¾ΡŮʬǸ͵Ըӣͬһ˫㣬˿Ůʬǰͬһɢڰ˫ɫ⣬֮飬ƺ˫ɫâڻҪֲŮʬƤˣɱ
ֻƤ˵գ֮䣬ΧѾǧƤˣͬʱҲ糱ˮһӿ
ҲеЩԲ˦ֶѷмʦΧʮƤը飬һԾץסһոճսʿüðޣսʿɣΪ䵽Լڡ
һƣǾӵпתޣһ̣üðһ⣬һȺ˺ɱͬʱҲ̬֣ս
ţֻҪԼ꣬תŮʬͿһֱսϷЧãԼڲ֮أһʼõսȻ͹϶ԸԼĿҲûսҪͬʱԿָǳ˵Ρ
ת֮䣬սʿͱɡʮ
һ̣ĵ޴ӰĸϮͫһ̺࣬ղվĵطѾһӶ
ʿһΧĸȻͬͨ壬ÿһʵǿһʱȻǱѹ


ھʮ û˵ڵĽ
һĿУǺսעǰսȴɫ䣺벻ȻΧҪȡѪҺǲˣҲãһǣסЩһҹһǵѹСˣ
ϰ壬һҹѾʼˣһ±ǺЦһǿҲֻһҶѣӹȥӺһĹһΣһҪõĹеӡƬ˭ңҾɱ˭
֮ϰսֱжЩս˵Ǻӹ˾ļҵףҲļҵףԴӴ֮Ǻӹ˾˵ҲʧأһζǺӹ˾˵֮սòĹеıǰٷְٻûȥ
һʱ䣬ʮǺս͹濪ʼ˼ս˫ǻȫûһ˿
ܵʿΧһʹóìʿһ»УʮףſסͬʱʿҲͬķ˹ǲһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ŮʬǿҪǵֵԼڶƤ˵ĽȻĹ޷⣬ֻһӦ
һ
һѳҪն˲䣬ͬһ⼤ϣϸһƽףնϣֻһǳǳĺۼ
ǳûһȭɳȥȻֻ֪˲ţ˫ȹ׷ȥŽһٽȭ£Ϊף˿ҲǲʿĽץסһ
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ھͬķ飬ֻܽ
˿̣ѾԼ߶ٷ֮һپʮţ˵ѾǴﵽ˶壬ÿһȭͬڵһ㣬޴󡣸տʼǽﻹֵܵһʮȭѾûˡ
أأأ
һȭһȭܲ˵ĹֱӽĿ״ðݣѣǳ飬Ҫ֪ʿ֮һʵǿ˿̾ȻǱúм֮ʿȻżҲûӣֻ͹峤ϼػʱڣǸ޷ʵԵ˺
ס֣Ļ쵰ס֣ﳤ۶ϣ屻֮һƣʿˡ
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һ֣һҪ˻ˣɣﵱϣǻ㼯ϣȻҪһ
ʵҲǿ֮ĩ׸ػյʿĽҲأ𶯣ͽˡ
ܣܵʿһԼҲòˣΣֻȻ㿪վԶϢʿߣȻҲû׷ǼæоΡ
ȻѾˣȻɥҪսҲԲܡ
Ʋͽϵõì﷢һŭ𣬲ȴǲΪȻ֮˫ͫ쳣侲ȴǲ̲Ļһ䣺ǣƲô
ɱһտʿһΧսʿҲϿɢ棬ȼ꣬Ҫɱ
Ҳǿ֮ĩȻսʿ꣬޲ԼάŮʬĴڣƣͺ˺ȴԶʱڻָġ
սϵԽãԼҲԽΣգոȫǽ˵ѾǸ˲ٴۣҪԸʣµ壬Ҳֹۡ˵Ǳ߻һĹ鷳ԷֻôƤ˺һЩǿǣסŮʬܸоóԷһֱڿԼԼֻҪлᣬ̾ͻᷢһ
ԼҪСġ
˼ͬʱĽҲˣֻǴȫӦս
˿̣͹ŮʬĹȻǽ󲿷עϣȻŮʬǿޱȣ㹻ڻǣ
˲֪ȴ֪ʦŮʬǺһʦǿĹؼҪٻŮʬѶȺܴ󣬸ҪͨмʦҲһ㣬ȴˡ
ȻΪĵط
Ī콢ԵʣŻ˳㣿ûһҵһμʶʱмʦ˵ڶʱ̶ȵģͨĵͼ࣬ôǱһΪ콢Եʣ콢ʶһҪõ̰ʤͬһֱѰһᣬѰһһɱĻᡣ
Ϊ˿ץסĻᣬѾõ͵Ϯ׼Ľϣ͵͵һӰ
Ӱķһ֣Ϊ壬ķͬԻûɸ̬һͨսʿӣȻκһλԱֻҪһᣬԽɱĻᡣ
ڣҵᡣ
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ʱ򣡡̲ٿķͬʱһֱѾûһذס
һذ׿Խ꣬ҷޱȣףҲֱӶΪ˻㼯ذףԼһӳ棬ֻҪУҲǱɡ
صΣգȻûвΪս̫ңˣʱ䳤Ҳ©
ķѾ͵͵˾ǳĵط׼ʱͻȻȥ
ΣգĵΣյٽҪӦȴЩͬʱһԸһսʿȻҲȻ˹
һ̣ѪֻоԼϱһѪٿŷ֣ȻһսʿԼһĹ
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һϤףԼһľȻϧϣ
ô᣿˲䣬һƬհףǺӵսôôУΪʲôսʿĿף˿̴̣ĿײӿѪϧϣСҰףƺҪץ̧Ĵ£ƺҪ˵ʲôû˵һĨЦҲǾʹ̡
ˣһ˲оԼƺĴһ־ʹֱ޷Ȼ֪ʱʧ񣬵޷Ŀ̵Цƿ
ϧϣһĨЦݣͬӡһӡУôҲĨȥ


ھʮ һƻ
ķʹõذ׼ΪֻƬ̾ͽϧϣ֮𣬾꣬˿ҲǻƬƮ建ɢ
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ϺѾ֪ϧϣûбԼҲûкǺӹ˾ͨһȻԼ֮ǰˣȻǲ֪ʲôֶδһսʿԼһΣ
ҪŪΪʲôҪû˵Ļ˵˿̹ȻЧԭɢҲʼ㼯׼ץ
ʱԶеĹıȻһ޴ޱȵĹ˲޴Ĺڵ滮һĺۼһֱɽɽţȻ뺣󣬲޴ĵһʮĺۼǽ󺣺һ޴ĺˣƲһ׹ơ
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鷳ˣһǽԷ峹׺ˣǷɵռռһƬ꣬ԷֻҪһ궨ȻΧ굱УǴһΧе궼ߡ
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ȻҲǷӦҲ鿴ղռڶ꣬ϷȥǺǺӹ˾ڶսս潢˿ҲǷȥǺӹ˾սԭĶʮѾһ룬ȻʵϣǺ͹ԶԷͣս֮á
죬㱨ϰ壬ϰһСЩ壡
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ֱڣ֪ŮʬΪʲôԼֵշ׭ƪмأʬ׭ٻʬǲ֪˶õĳǿߣܴ֮ǰߴЩʬʷҲͬһߺһճСƨһ
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ˣԽЩһ麣ȻǸգٿԱһ겻𣡡
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·ĿûзϧϣȻƾ˫˫ţӲɽ£͵£˾Ϣһ֮
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Щ֣ΪʲôһҪǸͣΪʲôҪЩࣿΪҵһμ͸оЩϤΪ֪ҵһУ˽ҵԸ񣬾͸оǳ˽ңһҺʶҲ찡ÿοҶоؿںůѵϲһ˵ĸо
ˣۣһҪ֣һкܶ໰Ҫ˵һҪȥ
һĻĻͬһ˳ӽһչʾǰ֪УоԼۿжȥֻ̾ͱΧĺˮںϡ
սʿһպ䵽ɽϣϧϣѾɥʧĿ״ϣȻɽʱѾʮСʱ
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֮󣬱ȫǱϧϣͦ嵲һذǰ棬һ̣ܴһƻϸӦȫǼᶨûһ˿һԥһ̣ƺҪ˵ʲô
䵽ûˣȻļѾ⵽ƻһƻѾûм¼ôû˷֣Ȼ֪ϧϣҪԼ˵ʲôȻˡ
һ̣оԼؿڷ·ѹһʯԺǾӵмᶨ־˿Ҳѹһֶ
ֶŭ𣬶ŭ޷ѹƣֻܷй


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ʮ׷Χĺˮ˲䱻ײƣ˿һԼǱֱӼ˰ٷ֮٣Ѿߵļޡ
ǿ޷úˮʱԺȴͻȻһ
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˭룬ܾǰǹ˽֮ףΪ죬콢ڣҾ㡣ǸһͬʱʶУһ޴ŵĽ涼Ҫ޴
콢Ϊʲôҵʶһ𺳣ȷû뵽һ㣬ԷʲôʱǱ뵽ԼʶأԼԴ˾Ȼ֪Ҫ֪Լʶ˵ҲΪʶκ飬ͬб˵ʶ룬һʱҲ֪ԲùԼ
ڵô˵
ܴܿ뵽Էһ仰
Ҿ㣡
뵽һֿܣȴüͷһ壺ѵʶѾںϣ
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˵꣬콢һâ˲䣬һμ䡣
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ӦþǸʱ콢ʶԼ壬ϢںǱ
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뵽ʶΪʲôռҵ壬ǸãʶǿҵʶռڻΪʲôô
ʵĺܶԣͬһʵѾ˹ʶԭʶᱻԶǹкô콢ΪʲôôΪ˱Լʶ
ΪҲ콢ٻȥ콢̫ˣõ֪ĵز˵Ѿ壬֪ĵͻ𣿾һУһĵͻ˵һ㣬Ѿɥʧ壬ͬռʶ˵ҲǺ壬ҾںϣΪһػŵĸоҴһֱˣҪղŽɱһĴ߶壬Ҳ㡣콢˵ֵ꣬˵ܰܺޣΪ˸ȫԸָо̫ˡ
⻰һЩоԷǳԱ˳ŵûרŰģˣ콢Ϊǿ󣬶ѾԼںϣ˴˲֣ôԼöԷҲ˵ùȥ
ô룬ѾûУҲܽ㣬ΪǾҪݻȥ콢Ȼ콢콢һ仰ʹ뷨
㣬ƾԼҲԱ𣡡Щջ𣬵ԷæҲνЩ飬ζҪ
ƾڵǺѣﲻԪ磬޷ӳȫһЩ׭֮ҲԺԿǼһʵǿ˵ֱ׵㣬㲻Ķ֣ǽŮʬҲС콢Ĵ
Ȼ侲룬ҲȷˣԼʵ㹻ǿôܵ͵ϮϧϣҲԼ㹻ǿ󣬿϶ԽϧϣȻ
Ĭãŵ˵ûʵ㣬ǳὫ
˿̣ǳ侲еŭȴǲڣһ㹻ǹ֮ʱ
ãȻܽ㣬ȴԸһЩ£Ĺʵϣǿе̨ͤ¥ϷŵĶһЩֻɵӲŻȥᣬĺö콢һ仰ʯ쾪һ
ʲôʱ´ڵһƬλںףǸ͵ǳôһȻǷǵƺè塣
ǰζˮ²֣ԽԽľΪ沿ּΪӴ󣬵ȥƺʲô֮졣
ˣҸɣ䣬СһЩҲǿˣڻڳ˯öһЩҵϣ겻᲻㣡콢ŵ˵
䣿
оϸһǣֲԼ죬Ӻ׿ȥ͵һſںеһʹꡣ
һǾ޴ˣĸͷҲСǺֱˣ־޴󣬸ǳ֣ǿ޴С
Ҳ˵֮ǰԼ˼ҹս룬ÿֲ
˿ǵһĹǵУֻǿһЩҲӴޱȣͶԷоԼֱ϶硣
콢ȷҪһ䣬˵ʵͷڳ˯ҲǸ޴ޱȵѹҲЩ˼ɡ
ģıУȫһȭȥһӦÿˣ콢
Ȼ콢˵ģӦû콢ѾԼںϣ˴˲֣ҲǺԼ
뵽ҲǷеĹǣζȥ
ھ޴ǵеԴоվһɽǰǶԷ΢ӣͱһҪ
콢ȷû£
ģң
һȻ߶ٷ֮һپʮһᣬһȭҵıϡ
ԽʯȭǾ޴ıϣȻûнƻҵٲ˵ģе˲䣬һ˫޴ޱȵ۾ȻԿӴޱȵĹУһȦˮ


һһ ׷
ۿҺ壬֪ˡ
ӣ˭ӣǿ˸̵̣ġġģһ˭̹
Ȼһ̣ͷ˷ŭĽ˲ʱ䣬оԼǰƺһź˵޴ĳˮѹȳһƽҲףӵмǿķһ¾ˣҲǱһɾ޴ˮѹȥס
˭谭ҳ˯һһ̣Ȼ˾޴Դſһ
˲䣬Χĺˮٻոձ׵̾ͱһɽ޵е³˻ȥ׷Ҫ룬޷
ˣ䣬Ǳһ±ӣ𣿡콢ʱ˳ֹͣˮʼΪȵ
죬һﾹȻţ꼤˵˿Ȼ콢ûƭԼӻͦ
һ̣ɳһ⣬˲üģһԼʶֱ˭ȻһʶҶԷʵǿҪԼͬ⣬ͿԼʶ콢һԷҪԼʸûС
ʶ콢ѾˣȻʶܿ죬ʶлûһ޴ε꿴һ
벻콢㾹Ȼںϣǰ㣬֪ôĲҪҶ֣󱲣ʵ
òţҵʱѾȥˣҵıѾ㣬һһξͲˣûҪ棬һЩôˣˣ׭֮ǰ㲻ǺǼϲķʦн飬ǼһӦøһЩɣ콢Ҫ굹Ҳˬ졣
УǰʱҵĹƤһЩںʺõĶԸȥҰɣӦ㹻ˣˣӡ˭ʵ
˭֪Ҷƹܹӡ֪Ƕ;ѾûˣЩ󱲣ӡļֵǺܴģԼȥɡ콢͸һɲɣ˵ͷҲûж˵
ˣҲҪ˯ˣϾһǱСһģ´֪ʲôʱ콢ʱɱɢ˯ˡ
˯ͺˣң콢ߺһһ̣꿴һ֣ʧ١
ֱȥ磬ʶ͹ˣƵǣѵġ
ˣֻɣȥצĺҰɣӦкöһﲻƭ˵ģ˵ǺöһˣԱĹĶáһҷӡֻῴ㾭һУϲŭ֣ٽи棬סʵ㣬ǿ˵꣬콢ƺʲôȻˣ֪ҵصԪİ취ЩӣһöӡпܽԪǿ뵽һƽάȣʱȻҵȥ·⣬ҪҵĿݿǲһ㣬㡭ˣΣŪģסҵĻʵ㣬ǿ
һΣ콢ӰҲʧҲӰ١
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ƣ콢˵ĵȷԼҪ֪ģǾλصԪпʦڣ˭֪콢˵ֻ˵һ롣
˵Ҳܸм콢ͬǹ壬콢һһУԸ𾴵ߣܿɹǣûжԼһ˿⣬ԶԷʵԼûˡ
е룬Ȼ콢ҪԼȥҶȥ˳ʶںζһҵǰצڣԳƵǾ޴ں׵кܶණ
ϸһȻ԰ټƵĳӸó̶ѾʷˣеѾɺȻʲôҲѾãһϡĶǽҲһ
ҵһͼΪŹֵĳһץǽȻͬɳһ飬ޡ
кöгɣ˽һһƬ޴ҪһһѰѶȿ֪ȻҵĶôǶ϶ḯãҪãԲͨ
ĪǶϸǿһǽ޺ϺڶٻӦרҼģʲôĶܿᷢ֡
£ϺںǷɳȥһƬѰң˵ͬ²һǹȻ֡
ϹȥһȻں׵ɳ£һס
ǷǳСһƬʵؼΪ⣬ֱͬĽҪصö࣬ȻĲױڹӡŵ֡
Ϊһмʦһ۾Ϳӡĳַ׭֮ǼΪķ׭֮ķ׭ƪСѧαôϵģڴѧƼģֱǸ߳˺üΡ
ֲǣЩ׭֮Ǿģļ׶Ǽĳ򣬷׭֮Ȼ߼ܷʦȼƣǵ¡ʦġƽһͼķ׭ҲԱм׭Ǹ߼׭ǹ׷ǿ֮
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ͿʼоͬʱĹϣ塢Ǻӹ˾ѾʼĹϵԴޣΪȻǴ֣Ǻӹ˾ʧòƭôսʿ˿̼Ѿ˴ֻʣʿнѾϣսֻ
Ǻӹ˾ҲһϰҸ߼սѾɵһ룬ȻҲõһЩرĹЩƷӵкǿͬһЩȻҲӡƬ
ĹӡƬɢڸ򣬶һֱȻһս⵱Уռ˾ԵƣеʱҪǺӹ˾һԿ
ںףר־оϵķ׭֮ϺںǱųȥѰܴڵı
˵Ϻں޻ҵ˺öĸһƬʯѣϸһȻӡʯЩʯƬдСпСģҲָһصܶ࣬ڸڴĸ֮£ƾӦ޷ҲϺзֵġ
Ǵ֣ﾡȻôӡƬҴûм˶ƬҾӦϸˣҲһ£ȻûûΣȻҲ֮ǰģ˵
ҵģȥЩƬ޷͸ϧС㱨ᲢۣϺһ档


һ ׷ɱһ
ϺȻֻһȴǺģҲࡣ
һ󲿷£õֻܴЧҲ⣬еʱԲΪֲЧ
ͬޣΪ˸ԽǿǱȳ֮ǰϧϣϺڿǶ֪ɵһĹˣȻʱ޷ɵԷϺںǱ
콢ʶֵʱϺȫɵˣֻܹڵһ콢ּĴڶԸںϣɴ˿ɼǱˡ
ϺҲһȽ˽Ĺ֪УҪʵЩӡƬԻᱻŵ档
ʵϣϺˡ
˿ȫ׷ᱻκţҲǱȺȻֻ˶̶һʱ䣬ͽϵķȫѧᣬȫգдЩϹŷĶʦҲᾪõһ°ͣȻһδ漣
һ֮ں۾ʵںкںдʱҲûκ⡣
˿ϢȻûȻʵڷ׭֮˺üΣǴ̤
ȷԼڹѹƹԻܶԷ
ǰǲģӲҲ˵дŵЩĺöֵ޷
Ϻں޼ۣǿһʱı仯ȻûǿʶʵķԾʶͬʲôֲĹǿһͿ
Ϻں޽֮ǰķֽ˳һ㶣ȴû뵽ջ񣬵ϺǴ·
Ȼĸ˴ӡƬıԼǺӹ˾ֲĻҪ޴öࡣ
Ѿ֮ǰֶӡһϲͨˣ֪ӡзǳƬռԽˣԽпܻӡԭǺӹ˾õģҲ߸ԴһЩƬˡƬ֪Ĺܣǿӵڶά磬ֲ콢˵ֻӡпܽԪĵڶάάȡ
һ˱ҪռƬӡɣ콢Ҳһ֪ŴӡƬҪȻҲ˵Ĺֵһֻ
ĪĹֻһ۷ĺöڴ˿뵽ֿܣĻ塢Ǻӹ˾ΪһĹͷǴҵΪ
ǹ廹壬ֻǺӹ˾Ǻö뵽ЩһΪһ΢ĹĺôȴԼõ֪Ժ൱ʡ
һ̣һģһɢķ׭ƾղһ׭ͬˮ㣬µӡƬȫߣ׭ӵһڶֻգ֮䣬ʮֵӡƬͱһߡ
ֶΣ޺ϺҲĿɿڴȻûм˵ҲʣλٶһΡ
Ƿ׭ӡƬ֮󣬾ûüӹ׷ѧһֶΣֻ֮Ҫر޴󣬻϶ԱɣһɣԼ˾Բȡߡ
ǷʦֲϹŷʦյֶΣ콢죬Ȼܵõ˵Ҳ컯Ūˡ
ڣծʱˣҪأԲ׷ǺϧϣһˣҲôˣһ֪ʲô׷Ī˵꣬һץȻǽ޺ϺһץյһüĽ֣ȫףͬһףֱɽȥѾ֪ѹʲôɽıףֻⱳ̫޴ָһʵʯԿȥһ޴ʯ졣
ֻƬ͵ǵ֮ǰɽ֮ǰûսĺۼɼͷĹѾ¸ǣ޷ٽ롣
ĹѾûһ룬˵ĺöѾԼߣĹҲһЩи˶ѡ
һûҵϧϣʬ壬ʱյʱҲһǽϧϣʬ岨ѾƻˣһûĶˡ
һģһ׭ƾճ֣һ׭һ⣬ԶȥҲǽϡ
׷֮պսʱʩչǸʱ¶Ҫɫսֻû뵽ԼôͿȥ׷ɱԷ
Ϊ׷ֶεķ׭ԴҵǶԷ뿪⺣ɽ룬Ȼᱻҵ
ĹٹһƬ壬ʿ׷ɱǺսĹУᣬȻãĹӡƬһɨյʱǿȻǽĿ궢ߵĿڴ
ʣǺӹ˾Ǹߡ
͹һ޳ܵһӦûԶĵ仰Ϊ棬һ׷ɱǺӹ˾ս챼ӣǺӹ˾ԭϰս˿ѾʮңʣµѾȫ١
ڣǺϼЩսǺӹ˾ļҵ¾ȻҲǱһҵ˻׷ţֱҪϾɱ
ϰ壬Ƕסˣ̫ˣôȥʣµļսҲסˣһһֵ˵
˵ͬʱ洫һ죬ֱһսսأҵıը׹ȥ
ģ廹ǹ壬ҵţǺһһľǣǺӿһǴ˿ӣӲˣִ򲻹ҪжȻõһЩӡƬʧҲ̫޴ԭӵаսǺӻţڳױԭ͡
ŭ֮һս٣Ǻ۾Ѫ˿ȴǵǣ䣬ύеӡƬֻҪǷһ·ͬ⣬ԸЩӡƬһ𡣡
ͨݣ絽͹壬һҲûмȷԷӡƬһͬھҲʧ
װƬս£ǳ⼸ս뿪ֻӣǿĹ巢ͨ档
Ǻӹ˾ǿ޵һ㿪ʼתƣΪǺӹ˾ƶˣǺȻŹĳŵûתƵսϣ͵͵һľͧ󺣡
ӸչȻԼֱӿʼ⼸׼ս٣ֻ¿һ˵Ϸ֡
ǺӶںУֱҧȴ޼ƿʩڴ˿̣ԶһͻȻ׼ϷֵǺ١
޴ıըӳɫһĻǺˣǹҲˡ


һ ׷ɱ
ʲôˣìҪ֪սвӡƬģžҵıը϶ǻһȻŭޱȡ
˭ƻǵĺ£ԲöԷ뿪Ҳ˵
ҹʿͬķ򣬽һսըĻΧסսˣ档
ܿ죬ɢȥŨɢһӰƯڿУֳΡ
㣬㾹ȻûȵӰ˭һŵ壬֮ǰۿóڻɱֹҲ޷ֵôܻţ
ȻҲǾޱȣʱ͵Ϯڵ˭УԷܻţ˵ʱûлжԷ
ʲôûϵһȥΣͲôõˡ˿Цλһ֣ɱ
˵꣬ȷʮö⵼
ͬʱʿҲɢâ
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ת׭֮Χð𣬻Ϊӹ׷ѧ˵Σһԡ
һϽһܹһǰ棬Ѿ޴ĳܣȭսֱӴȥ
أ
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Զȥһֱͨ쳹أ׳ޱȣǳһ޵еƣֻ𺳵һĻֻǳƬ̾ɢֻ¿ϢȣԼһѾսʬ塣
սʿˣһɱԼЩţȻȷŹϵķ׭֮Ϊ߼Ѿʧ֣Ҳû뵽͡
սĸֱӴӿе䣬û䵽Ѿ飬˵壬Ҳһո⡣
һĻģʣµƻǹ壬š
㾹Ȼһɱ˸Ҫ֪ʵǵҲǿİսìʿ˿͸һ˿𺳣һ˿־塣
ǵģˣ˺ǵʥ棬Ϊʥʵûлָϸ˵ĸǿһֱ׷ɱڣʿǿսʿԷһɱʣʿûҪ𣬸ûиоޣΪЩȫޱߵĿ־ܡ
ܣȣǲǶ֣ʿ˿̾Ȼǲսӣȴ֪һɱǣֻɵӲŻսսʿֱӱˣʥĳ𶼿Բսʿ
Ȼû뵽Ȼû뵽徹Ȼǲսӡ
ʩչķ׭֮Ҳûмû˵ܵõϹŷ׭ĴУҽ鳷ˣԸղŶԷʩչƣͬɱңºս֮ѡ潢˿ͨ˵
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ֻǾ£ղһѾﵽڵˣҪǿһЩʱĵļ࣬ս潢侲ķңȷǿ
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ȵǶ뿪ų֮ǰ׷ɱңΪ콢ɣ
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һ̧һ۳ƯȭͷΧܴǸͬҪˣҺܺ棬ͬ鶼ˣôܣ
ˣȻԼͱҶˣ֮Ժôֻ࣬Ϊ׼ɣ˿̷һЦһ̣Ľϼʮڣһ
ղ˵ͬʱһֱ׼
ΪҸղźϻҪɵƣһ䣬һ̧·ĺȻڳһǧ׶೤ˮͬӿϵľȪˮֱӳײϡ
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ٿӴޱȵĽȻȵĻ洩͸һΪǿֲıըūƤҲǱûͬͨ棬ʲôʣȼգ꣬ƤҲǱɡ


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߹ЧĻʵֻǳƬ̣ҲһΪȵĻͬɢϵɭľһɨʼȼ
ܺãȻ˳ӣѵȻûǴӶѵĽɳһƬڽһʣƯڿУγһСһ̬
ȻԼһ壬ǿ֮ڼǾ޴ͣһֱƻ˵£ǹʵǵǳȵģζʵѾۿۡ
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ȻӲ˵֮󣬾̴߶ɵĽ壬ȻҪߡ
Ϊӵõ𣿡߶ףϽʢ׷ȥ
˵ȻʩչʵҲļˣǿ㣬ȻҲǼʵڶʱֻʩչȻ֪һ㣬ܣ뷨ȵʩչʱȻҪɱ
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ںɽΧƫƧһϣɽˮɭ֣Ҳƽɽƽ㴦һ³ڽȻֻǳ߹ģò˶þͻһǳء
һ߹ģľۼڣкܶҲһһ׷ľ޽ͽ⣬УһŮںͼʲô˿Ҳ̧ͷһյӰӡ
Ů۾ʱһʧ˵ߵļͼֽˣȴɻʥŮˣ˭
˭Ȼ׷ɱʵˣŮȻһǿǰʦټԭʥ׶ǿֻҪߴ嵱еĸ֣Ը˻Ǵ´ġ
ҲΪܴǿǽµۼأѾǧˡ
ĻǿҲǼϿȥǸѾͬһ㡣
ȵӰӻʧ֮ջĿ⣬ָԭƽ
ˣǼ⣬ԺҪʥŮˣʥֳƺֻʸ񵣵һŬȥˡ˿̣Ǽᶨи¶ģԼһҪǿ϶
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£Ѿ˺ɽıԵǰۿݣ·𿴵˾ǣһһҹ׷ɱѾεѣˣΪԼԺĵùû뵽Ȼһ㶼ƣ
Ͼ֧е峤ϼûãʵһһĻָֻܷУҪսȻǳ־ǿ£˭ܺĵù˭ݣ֪ԼˣֻҪͨŦɽ룬ôӦÿԶ׷ɱ
Ҳͬİ취׷ɱ
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ӿٶȣǽһӴŦڣ˺ɽ룬һ
ûд½壬ʯڵС
֪Լˡǡĳأʱƣܣ飬ĵط
Ȼʲôط˵νֻҪܰ׷ɱǾõġ
ͣ½壬ʼԼģʵ۷ʱڵɣȼϣ޵ģֻҪʵҵɱȻнԷ꣬ĥһǧꡣ
ƣһʳһҪķŭĺ
ʱԶƮһЩŹֵķӺһ޴ĺվʮǿ׳ޱȵ
ⲻˣҲмûмˣЩ޴˴˿̺˵
壬ǻûǿЩϵˣǻָָ߸ϵ̬ά̫Ŀռ䣬壬ֻһߣߴǵͼȻҲһЩﲻߴ߶ȣҲ˺ܾõ塣
Щ壬ҲˣӦһǧǰЩͳˡܡʹЩΪͨߣȴͨŦȥūۺӶС
ҪֶΣ˵ֱ׵㣬ǾһȺպСȺǼΪ̡
ڼͺ޴Ѻǧࡣ
Щ壬ûȤģҪ̻صĴӪϢʱһϤһЩŵûг
⡭ôҵпУͻȻֵģȻȻ׷Ƿң̾ӣ뵽ʲôϳЩ˵ǣϲūۺͰ࣬ܺãǸкܶöҰøˣסɵһῼΣʱǣ
Щѹ֪ԼѾսʿһ˷Ȼ̣ϲӶ壬Ƕڹ壬൱ηϾߴеǿ壬ƽʱͽᶼͽ᲻ϣȻһᣬȻֻͬûʲôӵ൱˷ܡ
ˣ˻棿Ϊռ˱ˣҸ̫죬һš
Թ˵ݱֻ֤ҪܸɵֻҪסҾǣ˵꣬Ѿǲٵ飬ΪѾ׷˹Ǵ߶棬Ӵܡ
ڱҵҸѹ֪ԼѾ˰̨ɵһӵϣס׷ʮսʿѾһԾȥ
ǵξ޴ÿһϣִ֫ȫǹŹֵͼڣż߿Ƽе͹ŹֵԲ죬ɢâоȻĳּɵģټӲĶҲնϡ
ϧЩͻȻð赲͹ԼĹҲû˿ء
ʦ׻
һ׭ȥ˲ʮ׵£Щͷֱɱʬ嶼׵顣
͹⣬Щ࣬Ǿ壡ɨһ۹ھͺ࣬һ


һ ׷ɱģ
һ׭ɳȻը죬һͺֱӱը飬սʿҲʮ
˵֮ǰǲֶκʵɵãôڣɵҲ֪ôˡ
⡭ǷǷʦ˵Ǳλʦ׷ɱİǱˣˣģ
죬Щ࣬ʦһͬСɣ覴ñرǾǲһʦһӵϰսĽȫɱһܰ
ֶԼʦݣЩֻ֪Ӳʱͻˣͬʱｫ˸Ѫͷ˵Ҳ͵ǵ͵ӸϾ͸Ĳ
׾٣ÿֲϬĹЩ·ʱ϶ǵһ㣬ܸǼӿٶ׷ֽ˻
ǰܵȻô׷ҲըëˣΪЩȻĶ֣һû뵽һûӣʵûá
һ׷ôʱ䣬ʵҲһ˺ܶ࣬ҽϵϵͳҲָ˰˳ɣһΣҺķһȼϣʩչǿֲĻᣬͲϾǹĽ֮ףҲǾԵĸ֣ҲĽ˷׷ëˣͣƴһƴ
ʼϵϵͳ
Ϊ壬ĿƼҪʱۺзģǾͬĳͼɣһĳĿͿתԴꡣ˿Ϲ֣ϰͬʱڡ굼ڣЩһ䣬ɳ˵ƻ˿һԵļǺķĿǰһȼϡ
ҾͲţ㻹кݺ˵һԵĴ߶
¡
ǹϵͳͬʱͬҹ̻ΪѤһĻҲüͷһ塣Ȼ֪ԼĶ̰壬Ȼƾ׷ڹռݾ޼᲻ݣƴԼҲȷԵֵ
Ͼ˵Ҳֻ˹ϣ沢ûб仯
Ⲣûа취׷ϣֳ̬Ϲŷ׭֮һЩķ׭֪ʶķ׭
ͬͨ׭ʬ
ҪٻŮʬǳɹʾʹˣһһξǿʵˡ
ͨ׭ͬĺڶг֣ͬŮʬǰֱһתͳ˫֡
ⶫ֪ȻӵмǿķһҲ׵ĵֵסĹһҲ
˵ʱʱ죬һ˲䣬ֹͺ䵽˫ϣ˲޴ıը𣬿ֲĳֱӽƯʯѹ飬˷۳
ò˵һϵͳǿеƼҪȽö࣬Ƕ㵽Ůʬǰ滹ǿ˫֣ɸо˿ֲѹ
׷Ҳ˹׷ף޿Լתˣܺ⡣
ҵıըʮ룬ͣȵĹâͿ񱩵һƬɨһգϰٿСһƯʯ飬ģѾԴﵽһ㣬Ǳ˷۳
Ůʬ˫һεֵȫһ
Ůʬ˲䣬֪Լʧˣʦ֮ǿ󣬾Ϊǽ޵еĸָʬٻֲһܾͨǰһķʦǷʦԴأҲǵһάΪصд˵Ѿʧ˷棬еĴ˵ɴڣԽ
֮һǸķʦŪðҪλĽ棬ˡ
ǸʦƾʬٻŪһֲʬ˵ӣҲΪˣŮʬٳ֣̺ԥߡ
׷һ£һԾ䵽Ůʬļϣ߾Ȼ׵ٶȳȥֱǿզࡣ
Ѿǽٶȴ߶˼£Ůʬһַǳٶ֮ľ룬˵֮ǰоǿ־壬ôھǾ
˭֪һ׷ϣŮʬǿֲĻ׭Ǳɡ
ʱǰһðݣǺԥĳȥ˴ŦڣһνԾһٵ飬ΪѾ֪϶а취׷ٵӦúܿ׷ӡ
һԾĵطûգպ͵һ޴ĶѨһ㣬һʾʯϣ棬ȴһڲͬһ޴ޱȵĶѨ
Լڣһȥܿ죬ǰһ޴ľʯڣ⾧ʯұڴأͬһӣ֧
⾧ʯڲֻһӶѣǾĳѨ
ڵһάվڶߴ֮⣬ʣµҲǶò֮ǰ壬ͬ;壬ȻۼʵҪǿĶ࣬еʱӡ
ѾͶ·˵ӣ˿̿ĳѨǷ·𿴵ǣæ˹ȥ
վסʲô˸Ҵ򣡡һȣͷ峤ʮ׵ľ˳Щȫ־ʯɣޱȵѤͬʵ
Ҳû֮ǰĸ߰Ϊ˻ʲôȥˡ
ϡͣΰĹ壬ôᱻǱʵ˲ⰡӺٴηɳһ޴⾧ͷĽǣ̣ʮͣһǾĳߡ
⻰ȡЦĳɷҪ࣬ҲûƽЩֱӵ辧ϣ̫ˣҵһˣ߸ɵҴӦһҪ󡣡
ŶʲôҪ󶼿𣿡辧ҲǼΪ죬ʵ
ԣʲôҪҶӦѾо򣬸ŵøεѣҪһͷ뾧档
ã辧Ȼ֪һŵʲôΪŵǾԻúܴ棬ԾзգҲֵð
ܿ죬ԼˣΪһ۾ͿԶԼٶȷɹŮʬ
Ȼ֪Ůʬʲô֮ǰĿֲǿߣ֮ڶռ䣬ֻмʦֶͨνٻ
Ҳ˵׷ɱģΪʦȻǷʦǿ϶
辧һĿľٶǾǳһ棬ȻĪǵ㲻ɣ㾹ȻǣϹϹ뿪Լ򣬻뽫ʺһ۵Ǿͷϣ㣬ŶûУ


һ ׷ɱ壩
Ҳû뵽辧˵ͷȴǲ֪ܾǰķʦѹúܲңھʦǲǵģԿҪԸ˾Ȼһλʦ󣬾ֱӷˡ
Σֻ辧ϵ²ֻܣȻѾùѪͷ
ŮʬйԭǾ޴ľʯұԼЩڿеľ޴лЩɵЩԱ֮ǰҪö࣬ԷִԼҪɱͻ÷ǳѡ
û뵽ܿ죬ЩȻΪ⣬ܹǺ¡
Ůʬٶٶһ·׷Ůʬܶĺôǿӵб׸ٶȣźܿͿ׷
Щû·ÿһĻʮ־棬˵طԼǵһԷʶԼǾ͸̸ϾԼˣôоЩµԼԲġ
ûʱ׷ԭӹЩǰȥ˿֮ľѾǷǳӽѾû˷ֶΣֻƴ١
֪ˣαصɣð׼һʩչɱ
Ůʬ˿һ٣˲ӵϣһȭȥȻðȵĻ棬ͨʯء
ʯľʯһֱ̣ȸҪӲͬǱ飬ڻͬһҺ壬ǼԶ辧ϵһھ壬Ҳͬоֲֿĳȡ
̫ˣûжʦȷģǸȻôֲһʦҿˣ辧ϴ˿˵
ǳϴˣҲǰһ͵ؽǲưոݣһ˿˵
Ҳķʦ͹֮ǰûأּĳͻòҪ룬ҲҪѡվܿͺˣԣҲ鷳죬߶Ŧȫͳȥǲ𣬻㲻𣡡辧˵꣬ľհ졣
ܿ죬ǰڵĴƬͲ˴ݣֱӱŲƳ
˿̣Ҳɢʵʵܵ屻ڻʣµҲɺܶƬһβͬһĹ˵ٷְٷЧĳǿƻ£һ˵Ѿ˶
ЩĽƺŬĻָۺϣ˭뵽ǿޱȵĹλĽ֮׵Ȼᵽ˱״̬
ޣʧðʱԶͻȻһ
ǴӼΪңԶĵطģˣٶȺҲǿÿ£ȫʢʱڵȫһȲɵ
Ȼһǳģһ˲䣬о˼ΣգʣһԽɱʷΪֲĹ
ͷǿиŮʬעŲƵǰ˫ȫֵ
һ̣һ˫ϣһɿֲıըֻоͷĿѣֱһѪ
ѪҺڿƮɢһƬǿյУ˵ûŮʬֱӱȥ
ٿŮʬ˫Ѻֲۣƻ͸˫ֻŮʬϣҲ˲ơ
ֻˣҲ˵һĿֲ
Ůʬصڶͨ׭һԼ޶ֻԺ͵һʬϵҲ˵ŮʬĹ̶֣Ȼܵ޷ֲ˺
ĲкȥղǵΪֹԼɱǶ˵
Ϊɱϧϣֻһɣ׷ĺǣҲҪ
˿㼯ʮ׵ĺɫ壬Ϊܵķգ޷۳ɽģ˿ȥһ޴ĭ
ҪɵʱԶӹķ򣬾ȻͶӰһսӰ
ͶӰ֮Ƿһ
֣ͣλʲôޣʹգϾɱὫɱ㱳򣡡սӰ˿̷һΪƵͬġ
ԷԱţֶ壬˵һסˣ˭
ǾԵ¿Ƣ飬ǰͷţҲ˵ѾǴĵߣɱϧϣԸɱ
ԳǿһʼųһǲֱҪɱֻΪֵһῴ
Ļشǳɴ࣬һ֣
˵꣬ԥĴ߶ޣûһ޴ޱȵİצ㣬дֱɣĵһһ˲䣬ʶԥɱʣǳ֣ķѵ

Ȼ˿ԼĿţֱɱͶӰŭ˭֪˿ڵĵط·ص̫ңԶܶʱڸϹȥղһ˵ҲΨһܷĹ˵⹥ɱһеˣû뵽ԷȻǲԼľ
ͶӰֻԣӸղŵĹϣ֪ԷʵǳʮĶ֣Լѧϰ˹׷ҲԲС˿ڣЩ飬֪ΪҲҪȥûӶϧϣдһƻǽ޷Լ
һ̣ͶӰϾȻðһ㣬Ȼ֮⣬ͬһ磬һŭˡ
ҪһЩۣҲҪ¹ɱͶӰðĹ㣬ʶݵ塣
壬ֻǽ֮һݹȥɱǸϣʶʣѾδŵˣƫƫǿͿ
ҲǸоһǰδеѹȷǹֵĶһֵ˲䣬ͿԽԼɱ
Լʵָ۷壬Ҳֵܵ˿壬ûǰͦأֱǹ㡣
Ǹðһɿֲĺɫʵ˲䣬ðһɿֲѹֱӳ˹ȥȫһ깥ֵ̻ᱻɢʶһʬ⡣
Ȼ
ˣ۸һʵС̫࣬ʵǶ˰һܵ˲䣬˵˳
һ˲䣬Ʒ˾޴ı仯ͬǱһˣһɼѹ깥Ҳֱ߽ɢ
ͶӰ˿Ƿһŵôܣ㡭죿ܣӦѾˡ


һ ʧ
ȥɣûеͶӰ˵꣬˿һ֣һͶӰֱӴɢԷʶϵҲ˲жϡ
һУһǿƲųʧ
ҵͲ㣬һΰ㣬Ѿľҵıʶ֮һ᳹׺ںϣΪͬҲ޷ҵӴˣ콢ˣǾ仰û㹻ʵǿ
һҲо콢Ϣˡ
ղʶͻȻðԼǿУò˵콢ΪˣԷһ֪һУҷǳĳǵ֪ʱ콢ΪʲôѡԼ
֪ʱ޷ҵԼ콢ѾĨȥһƬϵ֮ǰӦĳ־ϵܵвʱͻᴥ־ϵ֪ԼӦǰȫġ
ǰȫһʱܰȫһ
ѾԼɵˣҲ˵Լǳ׵׵ĵ˹壬˲ݵУӸղͶӰʵԲڵԼӦģ´ԼǱɣҲ϶׷ɱԼǣԼʵԿĳ̶ȡ
ԴˣѾһ׼ƻȻʱģӦÿУǾǻӡ콢˵ƿӡ֮󣬿ԽڵڶάȵԪ͵һά粢Ĳ棬ôͿԻԪĲʱʵΣɱڼҲֶεֵΪôʱĻۣһõԪͲԼԿԽԪ˼ϿƬ㲻УҲ޻֮
ҪõӡҪӡƬ
߰ɣȥȻغɽ룬ղĹŪƬѾʶȥ壬ƬȻ࣬ӬСҲ⡣ȻҪռƬҪһһε𣬺֮ǰĸѾŪ൱һֵӡƬ֪ܱٺá
ǴٷУҵ˸ղǽŦһͷ˽ȥ
ͬʱںɽһʩչսʿһΪȴͻȻ˼Ӱ
⼸Ӱ͸죬ȫŻ˫ͼĳۣҲҪκηȴ̤ڿһ
һ˿и߼ʩչĺۼеǴ˵Уķ
ɽĵ̣˵ܾǰйʽʦ˼зµʧһӰ˵
ûһзʦҵַȮʦӦΪܿ˫𣿡ʦӰһˡ
ԣ˼ϸֱһ²ŵϢӣֱܷ֣һϢǸ߼壬һ֣ǹ壡
壿Щ鷳ˣΪ˷ķǣҲ޷ô˭Ϣʦʵ
࣡
ֵࣿͼߣҼǵúܾǰһλǿߣ˳ʦפ꣬ϰֵֻͼʣŬҲֻѧϰƤëôܲķ
½пܣʦĪС࡭һ£һ˵֪Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸣Ȯʦƺ֣ȥһץֱӴӺһ
˾Ǻӡ
Ľӱϴݻ֮Ͷ㵽˺ĿǿƹɱսʿһĻֻʱʩչʱ̫ǿȻʱǺӶ㵽һͧУǱΣͧ飬Ʈ˺Ǿ컯ǿͨҪǿ̫࣬Ǻˡ
˵ʵǲӦúʣ࣬ҪСˣȮʦ˵
Ūʣʦ˵ֱ̧꣬һ׭Ƿ׭ͬһɢγ¶Ǻ壬˹
ӺŪ龭֪ȻʩչǶǾޱȡ
ʦȮʦǶڷʦ֮أһҲżȻ·ɽ룬ʩչϢŸ̽ڷʦ˵ûʲôȷˣ⾳ʧ˵еķ
Ǻӿ⼸ʦ֪һᣬ֮ǰĽѾ𣬿˵һ֪һ߰ΪߺޣҪ𣬳ΪվڶˣԿ⼸ǿķʦ뷨Ǿץסᡣ
а취ҵǸˣȡϵķǺӴ˿̼Ϊ϶˵
а취֪ƭǵ³𣿡ʦ˿ɲƲ磬˿̶Ǻʵ
ԣа취Ǻӿ϶˵
ã͸ǣȻҿʲҵķͣһЩͨİҵǸˣʦʽΪӣʦ˿ÿͷϵĶ¶ĿһĿΪʮֲֿˣһӵһԴǡ
ǺӿˣΪ˻ҲֻǿͷлѧϰǿķȥƺԼĵһ

˿һƯеʯϣſ˵İջЩ֪롣
ԭԭŦڷأҪصɽ룬ǻص򣬿Ǻܿͷ֣ԼһǳҪ顣
ǾÿһδŦڣλöǹ̶ģҲ˵ŦÿʱӵǲͬģϧϣԼ˵ħۣȻֵĸڲϵı任ȻָŦڵı仯
ֱӵµĽǣŦԾѹ֪Լ˿ںδ
Բʺ棬׸ȫǲõġ˿̣һŦڶҲˣʱԵı֪
ڵһ̾޴ʯпƶ֪Ҫʲôط˵˿ֻΪ򣬶һƬڰޱ޼ʣֻǽջϤ׷
һʮ졣
Ȼû¸棬Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãʮҲֻʱ䣬ʱԤƵĻҪá
Ҳ⣬ǳʱ䲻ԲҲû⣬һʱԹ׷ͬʱҲԼӡƬ顣
ԭֻҪ㹻ƬһطͿԽƬϳӡȻȡƬﵽһǲϵġ
֪ԼڻȡƬɼ㹻ҲǸӡļ̳
ʱȥڣ۾ǰһӴޱȵ塣


һ ɽ
һɽ
еǴΪһ޴ɽΡ磬һɽ򣬿Լɽкֵغѩƣʤա
мƯ˽ӽһµʱ䣬Ȼÿ춼оʵҲ̫ģۼôһط϶ˣٿԴ̽һ
߶ףŽһµƯʯһԾϽ֣ٷǸ޴ɽǡ
һʱ䣬֮󣬲ŷֺ͵ϣɽΧҲд㣬ŨҪȥĵطҪǿңƺҲ࣬һ͸оһԼJȥ׺ܿͿ˷ٶȣֱˤȥ
֣ŨĿ£ԸоĴڡ
ޣ֪ʲôط𣿡İ羰ͳԣӦò̫֮أ˵Ϊߴ塢֪
ˣҲ֪ûطҶɽǵƺһӡ󣬵ʱ̫ˣҲǲˣʱ˵ĳϣ֪ĶȻҪҪܶ࣬ޣڱ֮ǰҲֻȽһѹ֪ط
ȥɣ˿̿䣬Ƭ֮䵽ϡ
һƬһ޼ʣʮ׸ߵĲеѾﵽףûмֲеľûҶֻͬһ֦ɣ˿Щ֦ǳӲֱͬͬһ㡣
ҪһƬȡ֣ҿ϶Ὠ֣է֪ԼʲôطĴ㣬ҪҵһЩǻ͵Ȼ̽鱨
ʱһ˿ΣգȴһԾӸղվĵطһ̣һŰɫͽһƬ֡
ΣգԼӦϰģ϶ᱻš
ٿԶһ֦ϣȻ֪ʲôʱһ޴֩룬֩ϺĳëȥΪβһһٶȼ˹
һζ㿪ͬʱһҲһһֱӽ
ޱȣһ£ȻûѣϾȻǷ̵죬ϸһЩ˿иʴЧѾڽ״ۼ
һӳٷ֮һʮȻȻһŽԼ˿˺æˣǱߣѾִֻ֩׷˹
֩ȻҲöԸתսֳһ׷ʣµΧ׷Χڶ˿գγһΧͬ׽һ㡣
Щ֩ʵÿһ弶ϵʵֶκܹܣиʴЧ˿ϵĳëͬ˿һʮּӲڳì棬̣ʣЩ̿϶Ŷء
Ͼ֩󲿷ֶǶ
ױʴ˿һЩټ֮ǰάһ£˵Ѿ˼ޣֱӽջԼüҲòţҶԸ弶ҲҪЭ
˿̣Χ˿ΧѾγɹģһ̤Ҳ÷׭ֱӲ۶ϵһҵ֦ͬһǹͷһǹĴ֩롣
εǿټ֦˷ͬһ¾Ȼֱӽ̴֩
Ϊ֩ϲẓ́ܶȭֱӽӴ֩ΪǿǱ̴壬Ĺ÷ǰ֫ն֦ײ˹ȥ
֩ϵĴ̴˿̾ͳһײϾԲãæ㿪һ̣°ͱһסԶһ֩ġ
Щ֮֩һֱЩ֩ٶ죬ӵкܶ๥ͷֶΣӵһǻۣϵĹȻҲЩԲ
Ҳûѣ˦ֶ׭
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ѷ˲ը֣֩ǳûϵ˿ǴиʴЧ˿壬ȻҲΣΣԲߣϾг򣬶һĸʴҺ壬ȫߡ
ѷܴ󣬶ҶҲͬһ㣬ĺ죬ȵɢ֩Ҳ˲Сˣϵĳëը׿ѣ̱ǵҺ塣
һ¹Խ֩ȻˣǸǷ
ѾЩ֩»棬һǺðˣȻὫֳЩ֩ϣ˵ֻñѷ㹻ˡ
ĿǰʵᱬѷСƣҲ㹻һѷ˦һıѷȫ˳ȥ
Щ֩ҲǣıѷǼɵϾȻӵһЩǣȲˣȻҪܣַȻǸı׳ķ򣬺ܿ죬ÿһֱ֩ѷУҵıը
ҲоըֱڵĻҩըˣһαըԿһЩ֫˳ȵ̳ɢ֩ѾֻױըķֻһֻҴһȱըϣҲǱըһȱڣȻûҲǿ
ͷžŵѷǺɵģȻһķʦͻ۵
Щ֩ܺ߹ȥҪЩ֩뾿ʲô죬ʱǸ֩ͻȻâţȻȻͬʱһ˿ֹȥ
˲䣬ҲоΣȴΪһ֩˿Բͬ澹ȻǸһ㾪˵ɫҲͬ
һ˿ٶȼ죬Ҳǽ߶ٷ֮һپʮٶˣҲһ֣͸оʹһ˿ȻǽԼ廮һ˿ڣʱѪֱ
һ˿һ̣ͽһôסӲֱӱгʮСһƬ
ֱ޼᲻ݵ˿˿ͷޱ֮⣬˿ϵǹŹǼӾַƺûʲôвϵġ
һŹŹ˿֮ǸͻȻâ֩غֱƺղһ¹عⷵյһ
ȷ֩תһŹŹֵ˿ʣ˿йŹ֣ԲͨĶ
һץָ˿˲䣬ջ֣Ϊָпһӣ˿ķԶԶ


һ һɱ¾
ָпǷϲΪ֤һ£ŹֵһǸ֮֩ǰǲĳֱ仯һֹŹֵ˿֮󣬲Žһ˿ʹһҪǳСģһżͣҲ˿
˿һֵɫȻϸױԣȻ˿ʲôʹã֪ԼӦǼ񵽱ˡ
׼պ˿뿪ʱԶͻȻһ͹Źֵķһ޴ĵмӰǵٶȼ죬Ƭ̾ͷɵͷϷĸˡ
ĸ˶һƵװ磬ɫĳۣйŷ磬ǳǸ͵ķȴһ߿Ƽ˿ſ壬Ķǵһ޴ĻǶһ㣬͸ͬһԴ򿪱պϣ˿̰ƯڿС
˿̣һ־Ͷ˿۾ȫ̰֮ɫ
Թԣ˿ʮֵУпһ컯֩ڱ״̬ͻ˵޼᲻ݣ߶һɱɱһŻɫ۵˼˵
УһΪеֱ̰ӳ
ⷬ˵ļΪȻûнȻֱ˿ǲ
ĿⲻƣһвϢǿ󣬹ֵǺ༫Ϊֲ
ֻĸʲôҲܽ˿ȥ
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ĸ˼״һ¾ͳ
ҪŬ򿣬ȥȥҪƣ֮״˿˵Ǵˣղ˿
ǣķˣǸŬһЦ߳ΪмĿһۣȻ˦ֶһ׭
һ䣬һ׭ͳȥȻһצĹ֣˺ҧȥ
⣿
֪ԷҪֻ֣û뵽ԷĹȻ˿ЦɵĹۼʵϺڣҪɱԼǳ˵Ρ
ȻԷˣʹֵֶηǳձ飬ҹˣٷְٻᱻɱĸòǸײˣֵ͵ˣȻһԦ㹻ˡ
Ȼĸ˾ѣǷɳȥĹֻûͱͷüðһźӰſڸȥ
ֻǷ˲䣬һͱ̳ԣźӰƮüģڿоΣһ޴ĺӰ˿Ӱ˰˵ǰζûУ
ӰȻϺڣ֮ǰսʵѹ޷֣û¾ʵϺʵֶΣ̳ղųһֻǽʵһɣȻϺʮֻϲ
㻹ԣǻûˣν˵һ۾ͿĸǷʦҲǳʦʵĿԣڶı׼ֶ֣㲻Ƕ֡
ֻǿЦϺڻȴǺһ·˹ȥŸղŷų׭˵ٸүһ
ĸ˱ҪྫʾжྫʣǸ˳ķ˵ҲǷͽߣװģǷͽô˲ʦһʶͽ˿ңǾˮˮȻ˽ɱҲ֪Ųţ
һ˵꣬ͽΧ·
ν˭Ƚ˽⣿
Сӣ㲻Ҹղ˵Ļǹķŭ˸ȡһŷ׭׭Ѿ⣬ʱչ
ţﲻţˣӦ˽ˣˣԹԵ˵꣬ȴüðһĹ⣬һ޴İצð˳צðһĿɿڴķͽ߹ҲסˣӦûб㱻צƬ֮צɿצһԾֻʣһԣ·Һĸʬͨء
壬壡ըһ㣬ϾͣתߣֻǷͽǷʦʵޣԸһЩͨû⣬Ƕߴ֮һ壬Ǿ˿ûʤˣΪ֮ƣֻӻȥǿķʦɱ塣
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Ϻڣޣ֪ôһԸֱӳǸķ׷ȥֻƬ̾ͽԷһ֣ҷ۾ֱĿΪֿţˡ
ߴҽУķʶĿȥֳԼ֮⣬Ѿˣ̶̲ʱ䣬ͽ㱻ɱ˿̹ķŵû¶ڲȻ֪Լһ˲ǵˣҪ̰ģҲˡ
ֻĴң˿֣̿ĵɱûôɽʦһķͽһ̨֪ҲǱɡ
ԷֱһָڹķĶͷ˲䣬ֶΣķʶǿƳԼʶռ
ʶռܵԿʱţķܱκܡ
ܿ죬˳Լʶռ䣬˿ѾɵֻʣǵĹķȻӶԷѵһ
ӹķѾŪʲôط
˵ʵû뵽ԼȻײʦĵ֮أɽ
Լ֮ǰпǾ޴ɽǣɽԷʦΪɽзʦʮÿһʦͽҲķһķͽͽǾˣϣ˵Ƿ׭ķԴء
Щӹķõ鱨ڷ׭Ȼ࣬õһ˿˿ڴ˵еĶķҲֻ˵ûмǵһΣʵΪ˿̫γɣֻ컯֩ڱ״̬²һֱвƱҪѣҲֲùķ̰˿ޱȣƣʲôпԱһֹĪĹҲȤԴ뿪Ԫ磬˵ûһֵûӣڿûԪĶȡ󲿷ʱֲֻܿ˿ǿԵԼ
ͽǲõģֻʹá֮ʹãԭܼ򵥣Ϊ׭ƪ͹׷ûУȻԷо̣յķ׭ȴǲࡣ
ȻǷʦķԴأôԼﲻһλᣬ׭֮ʵ
뵽ѾеļƽϣǸǶһķֱһѷȥը˸飬ķ˵ʬ壬ҲѸٴ


һһʮ ʦ
ʬȻҪΪ˭֪ûʲôӡǣ˷ֿɲǺ£ķ˵Էĺ̨һʦĴڣէûҪͶԷӲӲ
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ֵλֻɽΧͽľۼҪټ·̣ٶȼ죬Ҳڶʱڿξ룬ӵз߶ס
ֻӹķѾ֪ɽ൱ģԼģû⣬壬壬һֺܻܿᱻʦ߶Χ׵İ취ʱﲻҲãֻǲˡ
ɽܣɼˣһһҹɽôԶƺûһѾ֣ܳ˼꣬ƽԭشǰһȻǷһɽ塣
ûһɽ壬ܹӵ֣ڴ⿴һƬѵأиׯڹ
·ߣһųͷͷ鲼ߵͷϢ߻һƹ
ܿ죬ͿһĻӹķõ鱨ɽϣʦȻǴڽϲ㣬Եͳνײ㣬ڷʦ֮£Ƿͽ£Ƿˡ
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Ҳǵײ׼ı˵Ψһ;һʼķ˾ǽͨˣϹֲñˡ
ɽ壬Ҳûбܻ䣬ֱ˹һЩЩʳƯһ£ѹǵˮδȻ⣬ٳʱ䲻ȡʳҲάʶϣǶˣ൱
ͷϢũҲǷһԵĴƹһʱҡβ˹ȥó󹷺ģûκɱɢһֺƣƹһʱо׽ǳҡβϴ
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ˣĶϺҲûöԷʲôΣգǳʵ
ģүҸ˺ü·ԹˣгԵôߵһӣӹķ֪ɽµĴûʮҲа˭ܼǵЩڣɡ
ϺȻǱŪˣͷԵĵУûɶöҪǲ͸ɣ
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ʱ򣬴Ӵ߽һȺˣϲһģĳ˱̧Žӣ·һ㡣ĺ棬Ϻ߸˵ǴһھֹѾ˺üˣԾȥһλͽ
˵ͷ壬벻ɽԣĿ£͹Ҳƽ
ˣҿҲǴȥμӷͽԵİɣʦǼǰͨĲԵģб£ȥƣҲǼʶϺЦ˵Ҳνķճһ㣬һ߿ץһ߳ԷҲǸŹȥˡ
һȺ̧ʦһ·ĵƵӺ棬һ͸оһɺһϺǸһƵϹȻóϺˣһϹ϶Ҳǰ꼶ģ̳˶ԷʵõɱȻ͡
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ãʦҪʩˣˣ⾮Ĺ˵õĳǲ٣ʦȡһŷ׭ͬʱ˵д峤ŵһԼл
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Ĵ״Ҳкãһ֣֤ʦ汾£ֻ뾮ȴǷ·ͶʯһʼĶǾĵġ
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СʹһֲȫˣʦֶβٱκϣԷѹģһʵСĹ֣˵ԳɹϺڲһģΪʵ̫ԶԽ֪
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ˣٿɣһʦбأȻϣû뿪һһʦɵԼҲԳϹˣϺڳϹʵҲǿԼ˺£ʵֲΪ
ڣʦǼվЧµϹŭ˳
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һһʮһ һ
һĻֻ׹ߣŵֽŷ飬СѾһƨ˵ϣΪʦڣҲûߣֻǺ˼
ʦǹˣͿˣĴ峤߶µĺһ˵һ߻ˣǶָʦˡ
߾ȻҲ񾭴ϹƳֲԷʵΣֱӾͳһѻֽ׭˳ȥ
ĺãҲ㣡ʦ󣬵Ȼ˵Ǽٵģʦʦ֣ߵģɽֻǼΪͨǲķͽΪڷͽУҲŵȣȻʵӲλ͸ߣлʦΪķʦλߣʵǿˮǴҲܵõôҵǱʵǿķʦҲСģ֡
ķʦķͽҲкܶ࣬󲿷ʱʦǲܷͽ̵ֻǲԼķͽռһЩϣһЩ£ȻһʯΪʹͣЩʯһЩ׭֮ͷᣬʱԼϰǰ˷ͽˮƽʵڲôķͽ˹ͣɱа﷽ޱȣûԾʹԼץһ
ǽʯóһЩֳɵķ׭Ȼ󵽴ҹҪշΪͽ˵ӵһͣǵͨӵкһַ㣬ӡⲻ˵ĴֹԴޣˣΪʵ̫ѹûϹĿֲ
һѷ׭϶һЩͼĹ׭лһļƻֱȰǹȻֱշ
ʵһЩͼ׭Ȼȥɫǻ׵ģʵǲǾûκЧһžոմ߶ͱǾצһץֱ˺顣
һ£סˣŷӦԼ˴˵ЩĹˡп־壬ҪӣҲͦˣ뵽Щ޹ȴͣ½ŲֱӺҿߣʮֻɰգһʧܣӿҲᱻˣ
ȻǺ˵ɰգһɶûСЩһȻˣæɢӣʱ򣬾Ϲ˻һֱӳ˳Яһɹɴ̱ǵĺˮצץŵ۴Уֱӱͷ˵ϡ
ֱҡͷˮƽԼҪǲλʦٷְٵñϽ
ϺڣɣΧĴûӰˣųԿյ˵һ̣üȻðһɺٶȼķ˳ȥڿбһ޴ĹӰѪֱӽǻûӦľһ̳ȥ
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ȫ̳ԣϺķɻüġ
̣ʦһֱͷڵɪɪȻûпһĻǵ˰û̧ͷһȴǿǾѾָûԭ֮
Ŀɿڴ˽һȴǷһ˶ûУԼǵã֮ǰԼվһˣôգ۹Ͳˡ
ǱôƺǹܲˣȥлϺ󣬾ͼ·ľѳһ£ҲʲôǷ
һ·ߣ죬ſһģ޴ĳУɽ£Ǻɽֲͬйŷ磬ҲкܶƼϾɽϵ˲һֱŴͳţܶĿƼҲպʹãкܶǰķԲ̣Ȼֻǵͨߣʵ̫ˡ
죬ǳĹҪѧϰ׭֮һ˽ڣֻҪ㹻ʯͿ򵽸ָķ׭֮ϣѾɷʦͷͽƺõķ׭
νʯԪһһֿԿȡĶüų׭ȡһЩʯ˿һʯһĶȻɽֶͨҡ
չķ׭̣ͬҲ۸ƷоͰҪġһ⣬м׭Ҫм׭ǷͽݣͬʱҪʦ֤ܹ
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൱ջ𣬰ʵھǷʦǷǳķʦɽʦǵǼڲģǱҵ֤ⶫûɶ壬еʱҪҲûޡ
֪мʱ䣬һηͽԣʱԼֶͨ϶ûκ⣬ǵʱҪʦ֤鷳¡
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Ű취ʱ򣬶߹һˣȻһͷɥ£Ҳû⣬۾һȻֱ߹
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ǰ֮ж£һ仰˵ɵɵһ൱һˡ
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ĴѾܹ⣬ȻǴ񣬷Ҳòʱһ֪ʱȷһˣͬʱҲǸ˵ģһżŻһϳ
϶һ֣㲻ǷʦҲһԼķͽֵʮֹ
ǶֺǺ棬Ҳ֪˭֣ŵϣǾǵը֡Ȼ֣ܿôŪķ˰취
ԷǷͽǿ϶зʦţôöԷæŪһķ򵥵ķ
뵽Ѿ˴㣬лʲô
ҪǰѾǾˣæС̣Ҳ٣ΪʵƫֵͣûͽۣȥռƷ϶û˺ԲŻ治ʦһʯ٣ʯһ٣ʵȻ᲻ȥ׼ûǮûѡ
Ͷ϶Ǹյһͽɽִǳкܶ࣬ͽǨҲûʲôֵġȻܺǿķͽϹϵòˣһֵһ˺ɣ˴Ǿˡ
ھԼĵǲǰˣа˳ɰգϾûۿҰٷְȷ


һһʮ 
Ҫлңԣǰһæ̵Ҳ飬ֱӳ֪ȥһݡᡯ
ҪڴӦҪĶһ㶣̵ǰ˵
ô⣿ģҪʯҶ㣡ʮִ˵ɲţ⼸Ѿˣķͽٷ֮ٶֻ˵ڶǷʦٵһҲǰٷ֮һҲ˵һٸʦֻһǿ˵һģһٸͽܿٵһһûС
ֻпٵһģſֻƾ׭ģֻ͸ֲƷʣٵһĶǷʦеٮٮߣÿһվڷʦ˵Ĵڡ
ȻЩʱûãΨһõľǣ¸ҪʯɲĴ󻰣˵ȴʯˣֻҪƷȥͺˡ
ҲǱġ۷ˣλǰֶθǼҲᰡȻʲô߼׭Ҳϡ٣ҲԲˣͨķͽѲ𣬸Ҫǣַ׭Ҫʦĵܹ򣬶ĵҲ
ǰʯǴҪģ׭νҪʦĵ֤˼ԣǮ򵽵ġҲƣλǰֶθӦһλʦȻˣָԼæ
һȻСҡʵǷͽȻҲûзʦ֤㣬ˣ
Ȼ治֪Ƿͽ
ɣֵǰһˣҼȻˣҵı¶λ֪ĸ˽̵ģԡ
Ȼ൱ϵԭˣ֪ˣλ˽ʲô˼Ҳܽҡ
Ҷ˵ǲ֪ĸ֣㻹ʲôͽԻм죬ұȵҲνԸ缸Ǻõģ˵ǲǣһں˵
ͷǳˡ
У¾Ͱϣô˵ҰݵķʦҲкüˣЩģλʦһܰɣ֤϶û⣡
߰ɣҰ㣬⼸ûʲô£ˬ˵ȻС˼УԼ񣬲˵治ں
ϲæ˵Ҳ򵥣ʦ񣬻ȥռһЩƷϣһЩѪҺƤëһЩĿʯֲӡϵ֭Һ
ΪûпٵһֻڶƷֲֻϣǷĳʶֻΪٵһ̫٣ԸֲҲͳ˱ƷЩʦΪҪʱ׭ÿһַ׭ҪɹҪĲϵҲûʱȥռϣŻͽȥ
һϿܿٵһǷˣֻͿƷʧҲֻһЩѣԵǿٵһģǷʦеľ֣λߡ
һ嵥ǸҪȥռĲϣҶĻʮݣҷʮݣʮݣ˸ʯʮݣƤһš
٣Ļ˵󲿷ֶŪѶȣҲѶȲΨһƤ鷳ĶɱһͷǲܵõֻǿɲƲһ£Ҫϵķͽó׼ȥɱҲһܳɹÿΪɱǶʧķͽǧơ
ΪˣŻΪѣûѣûмҵףķʦ񣬿һ˸ɣȥҲ׼һЩӦûЩյġ
ȥ׼ܿʹһȥҰ⣬ʼռֲˣ֮ǰЩҶĻҷ֮ĶѾ½½ռһЩᳵ·ܿ죬϶ռˣǷЩҪ͵ɽ壬׽ֻ࣬ȻûʲôʵģҵһЩ񳲴ʰһЩɢëô˵Ūˡ
󣬾ͲƤˡ
һƬɽʯأܴЩӲݣغһ̬ʯͬһƬʯֵء
ǾȥŪֻҰնһ˿˵һ·ҲϤˣŶԷһһǰеķöԷԼ磬һνν
ȥһܻܿѾһͷһٶ๫ҰͷܴҲС֡
˿ʯֵأȻʵ֮ǰҾ㣬Ϊʲô˵һͷǣǲӦ˵һֻ𣿡
֪꣬ԼǶһˣͼһ㶣ʮֲ磬˵ǣһͷһͷ˵ô
㣬û˵ôŪڰֵ
ָָҰŪ壬ϲҰһһΧǼƻ
Уûܿȡ׭һ󷨲ڵϣҰõݿӣ·Ѫ࣬м䡣
ܺ׭ɵʲôãʵû˼ʣȻķȻߣ㣬ܶ׭ʹ֪ϾʦͨѧҲֻǷ׭ƪ͹׷ɽķ׭Ѿ£ķ׭ţë֪ļֱ̫ˡ
Ƿ׭ʲôãԼ֪ܿ
ΧʮӣҰѪζѾɢ˳ȥܿʯֵһХȻһ춯Ƭ֮һͷйţСǳǰ
ǵ֪ͣΪʲôǽһͷǣһֻǣΪǵ̫󣬼ֱ֪Ҫ޴ܶࡣ֮ͷǵƤëȫʯɵģſһطëƤıɫһЩ޷ǵĴڡ
ܿ죬֪ЩΪʲôᱻ˼ɵ
ǾȻԲٿʯȥһ˺Ұʬ˲䣬˷׭󷨣׭ʯ飬ͨԵըɢȥȴǿǾȻǰȻıƤһʯͬһףûЧ
ӦðӦûըҲǾڹҲûʱ룬ȡ⼸׭ȥһֻ̾һУǾǻ߷ֹĴõķһ
Ҫ˵߷ղŵը˵ǾͼˣǹȻĻߣһУǰצһ̤ʱ͸оΣϮȥȻһ㣬Ҳǽ󣬾˸ողվŵĵطð߰˸Ҵ̣ʣУǱɡ


һһʮ 
ǹͣȴ޼ѰֻҪעһЩĹǿԹܵģҪɱͷѶȲ󣬵Ȼֻǻ߷Ǿ˵ˡ
׼ֵʱǱһͷһһֳһͷǣҲǱҰѪġ
ˣҺ㣬ߣҾҲҪסǣͷǳ֣뵱ȻΪ군ˣò˵ͦûжߡ
һ̣ͷǱһһҷֱŵúһȻǺʱһͷ£ֱԱ
ҡҡͷʱҲ÷׭ˣͷǣʵҲ۷ļڵӣԼͽ־ͿԶԸ
һһ̤Ѿǳ˹ȥ˫ŵٶץȻջأͷغֱԵ鴤һ±¸˴ƬѪҺ
ٿ˫֣ץһž޴ࡣ
ǵ࣬ոս߶ٷ֮һʮڳͷǵ࣬ǿ졢׼ݣϵʯףҲ޷赲ָڼٶ£ֱ֣ȵӻҪ
ͷֻ𶯣ʲôûˣһ۾ȥȴͷˣĿɿڴ˰죬ʣֲ֪ôʡ
ûеˣԼǿ϶µ֣ǶԷôģͷǣһķͽԸˣȻôĶ֪ʵǲ˼顣
Ҳ㹻֪ÿ˶ܣȻû˵ҲˣϾ˼Ҳһ˵ʶʱ񣬽ҲˣҲʧȥѡ
ʬʱ֪ͷôģĿڶһѪѾˣ˿ڣȻǱӲͳģǾηͬʱ뵽˵Ǹ
ǵƤģȻҪߣĹͷѪҲǺöҲöö١
ʱʵҪĶˣȥȥɣˣķʦŪ֤Ŀж٣
ٰ˳ɣģȻӦˣһǺĵģĲ˵ǽƤȥȻԼݵǸʦΪˣʱҪ֤Ҳֻһ仰¶
ܿ죬һ𷵻أһطߴŶȥ
ʱûʲô¶ϰԵĴܣˣйŹֵĽԼڿеĸַ
һϲ˼룬ȴԪ磬ǵİķǣΪԼ¹ϧϣ
ʶĳ̾һ̾ҪʲôֻǼ򵥵ĸп
ʱȴ˵ţͻָ飬˼ͻգ˿𣬲ȻĻĻǲںֻĴˣװĶˣͲÿƣ
ȻͷȴǿԼ׵·ߣһؤ֪ɽûؤְҵǾ˵ǲ񲻿۵ؤ·ޱȣһ궼ûϴͷģܶѾһ𣬳˿״ǺڵĿԭģ˸ĸоƺϣͬԷ˵ĻһԽ࣬ԽȻԽ
ȻĲؤģȴΪ֮ǰȻǶ˺޲Ҫ֪ڵʵǱ۾˯һֻ߶ԸӦ˵״̬ΧĻ񣬵ؤ˵ڶ޷֡
⣬Ļ죬ҪԼǺܻܿɹˣûǿͬƽһ峤Ǻӣ˱۾ˣϢƵᡣ
ǵǿĶѻǰؤȴһǿɱؤǿߣȻؤҲԲͨˡ
Ϊͨˣ֮ǰ޲
ǵͶԷӴһ£ɽǷʦĵ̣Լվˣ£õİ취Ǳܿ
û˵Ҳûؤʹô뿪ڴ˿̣ؤ˵ˡ
겻֪ʳζҷ㣬ұ㷽㣡
ؤ⻰аҿؤŪˣҪҪôظʲô˵̫ˣ겻֪ʳζѵһûԷȻǲܡ
֮ͬǰ뷨Ǿǲ£͵˵͵£ؤ˵ⷬҪȻˣԼˡ
ûȡ˼öʯŵؤǰ⼸öʯٹһԺһ²Ӧùˡ
˭ؤһץʯȻٴžȻվһЦ
˵ʵؤ̫࣬һЦǺҹСһֻܿ۾һİҪ໬ж໬
ллҲؤԲܰĶ
㻹ңͬ¶һݣѹǹӽԼָʲôıҲһζ˳ŶԷ
Ȼؤһ㶣ǹЦ
ãȻǻҴеˣ˼㣬ղ˸ܰʦ֤ȥ㻻ȡǸƭ㣬Ϊݵķʦһôߵķ˵ãǾ֮ͣҲ㣬ҼȻʯͰһΣ㣡ؤһӴĳߣΪ˵ͬʱһٶȷɿ죬ֱգ۾͵æһץǿһ׭ץ
⣬ԺǷͽԣȥμӣȻðݷʦ̲μӷʦԣΪͬʱеģסһж֣չ֣ո¶â˵ȥҸһ컯
ƶ̧ͷʱǰѾһˡ
ⲻܣͫ˵һʼԼûע⵽ؤĴڻ˵ùȥǶԷôԼǰʧǲܵģղԼֻŲƬ̣ʶȴԷǼˣؤʧ٣£ܳ
Χûؤһ˿һϢͷ·𣬶ԷһʼͲһ
ĬƬ̣˿һ׭ʶ鿴֮£̷֣⾹ȻԼĿǰҪΪϸҶԷʶ׭ַ;鶼뵽棬ͬһְֽһ
ͬʱע⵽ͷɥ˻
磬ҡҶԲס㣬û뵽ҰݵǸʦ˿ɶ񣬲ֱ޳ܣҽ˵Ҫæһ֤ԷѹʯҲǿ˿һ롭
˵ͷؤ˵ˣԼѾôҲνˡȻŭδȻһɥ磬ҵúһμӷͽˣ


һһʮ ˿
ôˣֵ˲ٲֻᱳѵˣʲô鷳æ
ҺҰݵǸʦַˣʵ˿۽ѾһΣֻǰҶˣһֻæ֤УַʦҲգҲұ˷ͽʸֻ²ԡί
öԣǾͺһμӷͽ԰ɣڲμӷͽԵȤô󣬵ؤĻ뿴Լͨͽԣμӷʦԣᷢʲôؤ˵Լһ컯൱ġ
ͬʱڳĳΪլۡУһʮͣķʦĿһƤ
ƤǵƤʣʦݵķʦ
ɽУֻʮʦһͨĴڣˮƽ±ӣ˵ΪʵǲֶεģΪ˿̱ǶķͽҲǿ˿۽Ǽȥ̵
£ʮͽֻһֱż̵ֽķͽǹߡ
ûǹߣڹߣֻʹþͺãӲȥ̵Щͽˣͽ񣬰Լռ׭Ĳϣ˵õĽȴһٿۣڷͽǸŭԡ
˿Ƥ⡣
벻ǷλİòһôûпɽķͽҲҪҿ֤̫Լ¶ˣߣµңҳ˷ͽʸҿΣʱ򻹵ûҡЦ˵棬ǹվͽ˿Ļһ˵ʦʶôҲʦҪ󣬳ʸǱˣ˵һβμεķͽԣҵĵǣȻϾ˼ķͽһͨԼǰ϶¶
ʲôڣʱҿĸʦҪûзʦķͽע٣Լܷ˻ܲΪȻʦߣͱڷϸһˣƽʱҲҹעһ£ܸоﻹкö˵ƤС
ǣʦ𣡡ȷͽЦӦ¡
ɽУһƫƧ֮أΪҪѧϰڳûвҵסԻҰȽϺá
֪ѾŪҲǸˣ֪ڲʱܱţԾҪ
˵ͷϾһƬ⣬ǰһɽʺԼѧϰͬʱ˿תΪԼ
Ȼ¾ûк˵֪Ҫ·ŵһԻᾪɲǽѧģҪʱϰϤյĻ߷Ǵһʼѧϰϰнɾ͡
˵ʲô¶˵ǿٵһķʦ˵ʶ壬Ҳ࣬˵ǰʮĵԺͽԵĴԷͷĸ죬˻Ѻܾʱɵ飬ֻʮ֮һʮ֮һʱͿɡ
ơ
ɽ֮ǰͣһ£ҲԼˣԼͬʱ˿תΪٶҪһʱ䣬ڼԼûӷģԾȡ˼ʦͱѷ
ǷͽӦ֪ôʹãʲô¶Щ׭˵ֱ꣬һ˦ɽֻºĿɿڴ
ķ׭ֻоԼ⼸ǰ׻ˣ˼ͽǣͿȡô׭ѷҲǸԼ˵ˣֻзʦķ׭ʦѹû
ǾηҲңύôһǿߣĲ˵Ժʲô飬Ŀɽ֮ǰҪˬˡ
ǽЩ׭պãȻڶǵ¶ˡ
ɽ֮УֿݹǣȳҪǣܸоǰ漸Զĵطһͷͳ׵ĺڽֵĿ
ԭɽģԹԵһʼû⣬Ϊһͨɽû뵽˼ҵѡ
ûϵҲں˾ţͷȻɵǿ֪ԼԶǶ֣Ƕ治Ҷ
ǺһЦҲûǺܣԹԵ£ȡͿʼⶫڸ߼׭ûһ֣ǽʶУȴԿһӰľҪţ㿪ʼϰ
ʱţܿ죬ʮСʱȥѾǽʶջ̧һģһ׭ƾƯ⡣
ˣһ׭ҿԿǳǷҲһ˿ëȻֻ֪ǻʮСʱһѶȵķǴ۾š
ʵ
׭գɢǶĺҲŵһ£ʮСʱԥȻ˵ǺܵѾǻ֪ԼʵǰǸˣٷְٻᱻŪʼװˡ
Ҳùߵģɽ˯ôͱ˸ҵʮСʱľսȻǶˣǶˣҲҶӿƮķ׭ϣоǿ׶Էǿ
ʱĶӾȻǲķ˹๾
ˣܴһ£óǰһܱ˴ŵ飬ԼֻϣԷ¶֮뿪û뵽ԼӾȻô˼ŭԷ
ܺܺ£ܿһص䵽ǰ
̧ͷǰˣֿ˿ϵ⣬˿ĭͳԡбۿǺĺһۣȻȡ˿߶
⣬׼ģ濾㣬ֻһµʱǻȫΪԾ͸Ǻܡ
ҪԼⲢֻ˿ô򵥡
Բٿһ壬һ㣬ԵһŦʦĳ󣬻Ϊһ壬˵һֱۣȫԼٿأޱȡ
ҪľȻ˿˲ãȫʸΪԼʱΣգҲӦˡ
ڣһ£˿˲仯âںһͬʱüðһɹââһںһ𣬸տʼԿ˴ˣʱƣľͲֱ˴ˡ
ǱߺͽԸ⣬죬ȻԱߣĴת
ãâںϣȫ㼯üģâʧǺܺܲ⣬צȻʲôһ̣ŵ۾˲üĽһһָ׾ǱһεĵйһһСء


һһʮ 
Щһƨڵϣ˿Լϵָףֿ˿ܣȻ⾿ʲôԼ
һ̣ͷǰһ͹һ׶һʯǱпңΣп羵棬⻬䣬ҪǣʯͷǱεĵпġ
ȻвεģΪһ˿ΪΪ͵˿Ԧʶƣ㹥˿УǸղ¹֪˿еǴ
Ƿޱȣ޼᲻ݣǿԾȷƣѾԤڣѵÿɹǣ˿ԲԼΪһ壬˵ʱʩչԿԳ䲻⡣
˿ֲĵط
䲻⣬ֻйʱŻ¶޼᲻ݣ˵ʵ൱⣬˿УսʿĵˣòŷֻҪ䲻˿йȥԻС
ˣҲóȥˣĵطûɣ˿ŤͷһһԵĺܡ
ƺĻæͷʾԼûκ
˵ʵܵҲȤǴһʼͱɱˡ
ʱʶųȥȴɫһ䣬
ڶ⣬һѪһȺΧŹҲӲȻһԣҧ֡
ӷȻҶʦʦ˼Ҳƽϣֻǳķͽʸ񣬲Ϊʦķͽȴǿȥͺúýѵѵ㣬㣬ͳӣٲμӲҲͨȰ㻹ǻؼֵȥɣһͽ˿˵һ˵һ߻ýŴһ
Уȴʵʹ򣬷Ҳһͽ
ͽȻ׽ĵӣ֮ǰʾȥ鷳ڳһ죬ɽҵֱҸɾʹ֡
һԣֻǱͷŶԷŹ
ʱɽ߳ȴס֣
һ˵󣬵ȴ͸һɳǵĺ⣬ͬź磬͸壬ǼдһֲֿɱǶֵʮǱסͣ֡
ʮ˶ǷͽҲɵӣȻó򵥣ֻһ˵ʱͷķͽȴɫһʮˣԷֻ㶯Ҳ£˵ʦţ޿֡
Сӣû㣬жԶԶСİԸҲҼ˭ţһ򣡡ͷķͽŵĺš
ֻû˵꣬ɽʹһ޺һӴĺӰ˳
ãצܣѰķͽҺΪУֻзʦܶԸĹܣһۼķͽǹֽһתܡ
һӦģֱӱĺһĳȥ߰ԶڵѾǳ٣ӦԶ
һһˣʣµķͽ֪Ƥͨķ׭ãǼæܣҲܵϵˣͷķͽл룬ֳܹĺãһܣֿܹ϶ŪϵһҲʡˡ
Ķ֪ܹ׷ǲţ׷ͷķͽֵܣһһǺ޼ɣδ鷳û뵽ȴᱻһ׷š
գһֱӱܹһĵԴϣʱԽѣһ״ŵһӣĿ񱼣Ž˻ȥ
ЩˣҲ⣬ΪóȻͦݣһЩƤˣһǰûٰԶˣʱֻҪԿȥȻңʵʲô¶ûС
磬ôɹôӵ˵ͷһѪͷһȴʵΪж
һӦѾһˣɶԷûдУûоԼӦӰ쵽Լʣܹ˼
ɹˣղŴЩʲôˣûб仯ȴǽĵѣˣҪ۲ףһۣ˭Ҫ۸ݶԵĻ̡
ǣǰҰݵǸʦĵӣû¶ǰ;ôɣҶϰˣһںĨĨѪȻ·ϡ
Ҹķ׭ôûãˣҲڡ
÷׭ƶùһ룬ûҪһ²һ£ǱʦʦķʦܵЦ
ҲЦˣΣϢ˶ˣ
ΪԶܻĺܣһʬžžžܻʬ嶪ڵϣȻһģ
˿ϣһʼͱǸѾʬˣһʬȴǵһ
ãʦϲһͽˣʦ϶ݣһżЩû޳
ˣôûϢѵûǽǴҪ㲻ɱǣǾҪɱ㣬ܣ˼˿һĺܣһԼ⣬ȥȫΪԼϲò˵ʵ̫ˣ˵ҲԵ
ΪŪǸº϶ȻʵպϣԲǷʦĶ֣ʱɡ
ȻǰԼڻ濴ܺ˳ۣټϵõ˿Уã͵Ū⼸ˣʱ϶зʦ㣬ǱɣҸ·һ뿪㵽طɵһԸңԺһڳԵģͲ㣡
ǺܹȻǺﾫﾫģһǳҾֺãȻѡ˵ڶ֡
ôһܣҲνؤԼһͨͽͷʦĲԣʱԻͷȻˣôԼź£ʵڲʲôˡ
ǣܱǳڶ࣬һһ·صУ׼ԺĲԡڳвѱʦҲкܶ˴ŸֹģԺܲرۡ
˵ʦǱߣӻȥǿ޿佫龭ȻˣҲǴ£ǲһ
ϣһɫ
˵һͷצɱˣ
æͷ
ǷһͷצܶԸˣˣǵʵצ͵ϮӦˣô˵ͽҲˣ
Ӧǣܻͷ϶
ãֻǿϧģԺȥǸצܣǸ籨ˣ
ллʦллʦ
ȻһˣΪɽѾȥա


һһʮ ͽ
ʱ޷ˣѾǵõҪĶԾǶϤϤɽķ飬ΪѾйķͽҲ׼μӲԵһ׼С
ΪͽԣѾǶ˺ܶˣǺܶ඼һյϢеȡʮڷ鼮УеϥأǳǵϲμӸ߿ѧһ
ѧͽԵĵصͳһһʮֺΰĴԺڣͬһ¥שߣŶһСǰվżֳֳìЩ˵Ƿǽڷʦͷͽ֮䣬ͽʲ޷ΪʦôͿѡΪר޷Է׭ӳʵͨͽҪܶࡣ
μӷͽԵ˷ǳ࣬Ȼ֮ǰѾѹǵǸʱǱһ
ۼˣʮ˵ɽĳǻкܶ࣬ÿһǣͬһʱ俪ʼԡ
ˣֻжΣǰмˣֵ֪
˵ͽĲԺ⣬ÿĲԶܶˣԲԷöԲˡ
ȻǸֻǾȤèҰǵģûܵģҲͼֲˡ
СʱȺŵŶǰŶмߵһ߾ףףԵŶҲߴףףڶĲǷɣͬĳŽ룬һ۾ͿŶϣ׭
Щ׭ڱһשʯϣ⣬Ŷ˿ȥ·ǹͨһֻмĹâǿߵڶߣȻҲѡ˶Ŷ룬ѡԵڶ࣬ҪȺܾãмŶִֿѡ˷ǲࡣ
м䣡˵ȻٵŶﲻҪȥ˶֡
һæ磬㲻֪Ŷнģ㿴˷׭ûʣԲ̽ŶǱֳڣﵽ׼ǽ뵽һԳأģֱӴͳǣǾζ̭ŶߵŶСͨм׼ܸߣֻЩԳʵǿĲŻѡ񣬵ȻһͨмŶǵλҲˮǴߡ
ôһ˵ˡ
ˣѡмģҲһ𣬶˵мŶֺʲôϵͨȻͷһβμɽķͽԣһŻеġ
Ҳûʲô⣬ϾԷѾ˼ķͽˮƽ϶ǱЩҪߺܶ࣬ٲãһ԰аæŶ˷ʱ䡣
ò˵ѡмŶ˺٣˵ԵŶֱ˵ͥ䣬˼Ұٷ֮һȲϣѡĶߣһֺɫȻˣЩ˶ʣɽҲǳš
ЩеĻʶȭʺ򣬶ĳĳĳӣĳĳĳүǷʦĳһۣͷ컨һ˰ģĹĤݣΪ˸ס游ǺպķʦҶĸ֣ĳļǾԿͨԡ
ЩŹ٩٩̸ĹӸ磬ԵͨʱǸһͷ컨ĹӸɨۿ΢΢һ㶣ȴǰλȥ֪ôƺ
ҽ۹Ӻܿ˵
ҹȻأһǳңҽ˰ҽʶλǺ۹Ц
ֵˣ˰˰ܲȻ°ȴۿˣҲûƲ˵˼˸о
Ҳụ̂˵ݺͶֱ҅һһأ˰Ҳ˵丸һλǿķʦ游ǺպĴʦڰǰ˲֪ĸ֣ĳıǰҽύģڣҲңҪ¶ˡ
ȻںЩȻҲ˵ֻǺһЦʱǰһмŶ˰Ҳǳ֣ǾȽȥȻ̸Һһʣк֮ܶ
Ȼܺã꣬ĸӵҪǿˣҲǵͷã
˰ǰ棬һԵں棬мŶȥ֮ͬǰ۲ģŶֹŹֵѹҪֵƽأ̶ٲά衣
ڲʮ׵ͨܶ˶Ǽǰֻ˰糣ƺѹ壬ǻ£ЩԵͷҲأֱӴݹȥһ߲ǿܸϡ
˰״¶˭ԼΪи׸ʥټʵǿԿӦԣΪҲˣ̶Ȼ𾴡˰ȻȴǿĿ˵竣ǾԼ֮ǰǰύӢġ
ŶǰâһƬľɫԽǰѹԽ󣬱˵ǷͽһЩʸķͽҲһͨҲΪʲô󲿷ֲ߶ѡŶ
ǰһЩЩʱĴҹҲЩٲά裬ͬÿһŶŢϣ˰ҲǲأҪ֪ʵȻǷͽѾͽ˵ǰʦҲǺΪ˰ܴﵽˮƽڷëǡ
Ҳ˰һֱΪ飬ΪȱǿΪ츳ŬΪ˰ΪǼֻƾקĶɵӣֻԼʵǿ󣬲ʸ񽾰
Ǵ˿ȴǷˣ䣬ƣ˿̾ȻûܵһӰ죬ҲǿţԼȴǿҲ˰УղŸǸȻʵҲҲܸʣֳһԷֵ
˶Թ˲ϾȻԷֳˣʲôʵ
Īһʦ
Ȼ뷨̾ͱ˰Ȼ̫ܣμӵʱ˰飬ǷʦܲμӲԡ
о͸ӣ˰ϲѣбµˡ
ڣһ˰һ̤Ŷһ˲䣬ѹ˲ʧŶĿĹâҲɢȥ˿ԼһԺԺûţҲ˵ղŵŶһŵĶ
ֻʮˣһ˶ûУܿ죬Ҳһ˹ͷ󺹣˿ڴһǼˡ
ǾӢӢֻ˵˵һǧһܽ벻ҾȻˣһЦ˷ܹȡ
飡˰ǺһЦȴһȻƺ⾫Ӣûʲô˲ѹûϣͬûб顣


һһʮ ѹһʤһ
ֹȻǸˣɲ⣬˰˰ֳ˵θһ˿⣬ĽύҲʵʵҲûʲôֻҪעУѹѹһҪͨѡ
˵ʵֻ⻰ڱ˶ȴǲôöˡ
ǽҽ뾫ӢȻ˴Բѣɽͽܽ⾫ӢĲǧÿһǾеľ񣬽ɾͷʦν練ƣпܿٵһΪʦеĶڣ㲻ͨһιؾ˿ߣǺܿҪ̭ԶˣͷһһۣģҲӢﷺɫһݲͣ˶Ϊף˵ֳ꣬˰ύʵǲôɴ˿ɼƷλҲ߯ˡ
Ժ˰ԸǴ˰ֻǹǻ̷ûˣֻǳ˰֣羰£뽲һ
˰Ҫ𣬲̷Ӧ˼ǺһЦҲûˣǳȭ˰д⣡
˵꣬תȻȥֱӽǸƵ·һɵӣ˼Ҷӣӡ
ɫ
֣ҪСˣҦȺͷˣͦԶ˰С˵
Ȼó¶Ĳں
ֵ˼СʱԺѾһǧˣʱһ׭洫һϵ
ͽԵһؽͨԵĽڶԣ߶ʱһСʱҪӢĲߣҪʮ
´ӣһ׭Ȼ㣬ֱʮƣھӢ⣬׭£ɳĹֱ԰
Щ׼ȷ䵽ÿһߵǰԵĻͨͨŶĲߣǰĻһһ߼ȻҲ͸Ѵ߶ҪһСʱǾҪжİѿغͻָٶȣʵǿģ϶ڹ涨ʱȫͨмŶľߣѶֱʮҪĻǴﵽʮ
Կʼ
֣֣ǿãϾ׭Ҫǵ޵ģһСʱڼʮ׭΢ע⣬ĳ׭ô㣬ͻᵼʧܣһҪϸã˰ʱ˵һЩҪ㣬ǵͷл
νѾһķʦͬһʱ̽ʮȫҲûʲôҪ֪ҪԶöࡣҲһգϾ˼ͽḻǶԻϤ
ߣβԻе㿴ͷ˵ѣҪ˰ǰɣܴǣԶҦȺһ˰Цһ
˶Ѿʼûйֻ֮ȼһ棬׭Ϊҽĵȴһ㶼٣ھӢĶǵ֮еһһʮʣµǿʼٶҲʮڣҲǼʮ׭ʣµģҪϸһЩˡ
˰ҪǿһЩʮҲǼʮ⻹ˣˡ
ʱƣ˰ȴЩ꣬һԵҦȺԷٶҪһЩ
ʱ룬ǱҦȺǹЦٶѾǳˣ˰Ҫ࣬˿̷ЦǸˣѹȻҪĿ껹˰
˰ЩżҦȺ˭֪ƽʲô¶Ҫ£˷ˣǿ϶ᱻԷѹһͷ
ӿٶȣҦȺʣ׭ͿɲԵʱȼеķ׭һ׭ϣֱӴ뿪
һ˶ˣҦȺΪʤȯգһɣʱȻԻøʦӣԼĽҲǼкôΪвֻ˰ȴû뵽ȡ
ֻǶԷôܱ죿
Ҫ֪Ϊԣ֪̳˶ٿԿıжʦۼҦȺΪԼܱȣ˷ҪԵһݽͽȻڽʦ
ž˰һҲ˿̣һ԰ǸƲ˵ҦȺȻǱһȣ˲䣬ʹ
˵ҲĿɿڴţҪ֪ھһСʱʱ仹нһʱ䣬ǴֻһͶ룬ôôͼȫʮʵЩ˼顣
ٲ˼飬ҲҷͽɽڶʦӣŪ٣ԶԷȷʵǿ
ֹȻͬ죬ҦȺǻ쵰бһУҪȷӦ˰Ǻߣʲô˲ǿ󿰱ȷʦ
Ϊʧ˰Ҳ׷ҦȺٶȣֹ˲ʮӣ˼ͬʱһسɹ
˿վһУ߲˱׭͹Ȼͨڶصˣ˺ܶ࣬ǽ뾫ӢĲߣûмȫʮ׭Ҳᱻ̭
ͨڶص˲֮࣬ǰ˰߹ͽһأһ̭һ룬ڶҲ࣬ѵǵأֻͨɣһ붼Ȼѵľء
˰ҲȺ󵽴ҦȺѾǳ˺⣬Ȼķͷ
ƣҾͽԭΣ˰֪ʵȴǲ˵ǹ⺦ҳ󣡡ҦȺ뵽Ҫôô˵Ҳ񣬰ѱĺԼһⲻ֪û
Ϊ˿̿һӦóˣ˺Щ˼飬ΪĺȻǺӡ
Ǻӹ˾ĻϴǺӣĽӲںɽ弤ʱȫûˣô
ԷͬʱǺҲֻ΢һһû˵˼
ʱ򣬼ӰӴʵǿķʦ
ڣʼزԣͨŶľ񣬼ȻǾǾͱȵֱһ㣬ǰǳڣٶˣѡ񣬻ߣͿԽΪͽ޹򣬵أ𣿡
ȫѻȸǷʦһۣǾͿʼ
ֱӣûһϻȻЩʦͽԵıʵûʲôɿģǺܿ죬Ǿ֪Լˡ
СӣҾȰˣȻٻ˰ͨԣǳ룡һѵĺȻҦȺٶ죬Ȼ˦ֶ׭ͬʱһߡһˮߣټһߣֲͬ͵Ĺ׭ͬʱ


һһʮ ѹһʤ
ҦȺͻȻѣͬʱ׭һ֣˰ҲǿĿɿڴѣ˵Ǳ߸ܵķʦҲһ㶡
ͬʱֹ׭ϵĬ˭Ȼ
˲һ־ǽķͽҲǺ
֪ˣҦȺҦʦӣҦҵԴôһǱ޵Ҳ֮УĶֿҪùˣʵǿķͽҲԲܵ׭Ĺ
ûһͨزԵģҦȺĪˣ
˲䣬ˮ߷Ѿǵǰ˰ҲûʱӦʵֵѾǼޣҲҪԴҦȺһͻȻ˵ʱ൱׼ȷһ־һ
ֹ
ȻᣬȫһܵҦȺ̶ֳȵĹֱСƣƣ߷ȫ
ֻƾ־ͽ߷һĻɱҦȺͬ¼׭Ҫ𺳣˵ʶѾ޷˵˼ˣ˵Ǵû˾Ȼõֽ·׭Ĺ
˵ЩߣǷ׭࿼ķʦҲһͣһš
һ̣һǰһʹҦȺϣֵķӦûо͵ڵϣһƣȻֱӽ˹ȥΪصǻߣһ⣬ҦȺһͬҲڵء
̣Ǽӣ˷ӦʱҦȺǸùѾǵڵ²֪϶һӡѾ
ȫѻȴҲû뵽Ȼͣ˲˵ҦȺˣȻǺ޹˼ɣһ⽫Σ֪Ƕô𺳵顣ΨһûоľԶԹ۲Ǻˣͣ˭
ɱʿشһĻǻ£ʿҦȺֱ϶硣
֣һǰǣһνȻ֪ô𶯺𺳣ǼȻؤԼͨͽԵͬʱȥμӷʦԣʱȻҲֵ˾֪Ȼˣǰ𺳵ġ˵˶˺ƣҲǰģ¶ԸԼ϶顣
ҡڵĳȥﶼļɵ࿼ķʦҲǶһ£˵ʲô󣬾Ȼʲô˵
˲򵥣Ҧҵˣһѵ䣬ڿҺԼסˣ֪˾ʲôͷǱҦȺҲҪ߰ɣ
ʦв²⣬ҲڹΧڣȳֵҦȺҦҵҲ£ȿҦȺ˵ôʹˡ
һ飬ʦ˿ҦȺֻ˹ȥ޴󰭣ͺðˡ
˽ε̧ߣȻʣ»еĲߵŸʲô
ŷӦʼԵս
ͨص˿̵һʱﾹȻǿһˣȻǵһͨزԵġ
¿һط£ʼĿ񣬵ʮӣ˽Ȼŵһ£ȭһæ㿪Ȼ֮ǰǿֲʵѾ˾ԲǵĶ
ˣԽԽࡣ
ҲǿԽԽ࣬ҲӵΧʮ׷Χڣûκ˸ɿǶǿߵľηһЩˣֶ֪Σǿ˶η绢Ҳʶ㿪ûҪ鷳
֣þò
þò벻ҲأǾͶǷͽˡ
ǰҵʵˣˣһ¶Ǹô£ôҶη壿
꣡С㲻֪ҲǲһģҸ㣬˾ԲҪǣͷԴҦȺ֪𣿡
֪˵츳Ҧҵˣб˰˾˵βԵǰ
ƨҦȺ̭ˣǸˣҦȺ߷ˣΪ˷ʦһЩʸķͽҲԵ˭֪һֻ־͵˹ȻһͽҦȺ˹ȥΣҦȺǶˣԺҲŲˣ
ү¶ôô
ţۿģԼȥսһ£
ˣҦȺһΣȥ˼һָŪˣ
ΧڶȻȴװʱǺҲأǶԶ˰Ҳͨ˲ԣ˰ʵ֮ͨе£ھӢͨأһġ
˲˹˿˰Ͷأʱԣ̻ͷݰӡ
ʱǺӾȻ˹˰һ㶣Ȼǰ֣߳ѣ
ǣȷĻشǺӵȷѣǵˡ
ҸСߣ˰˵꣬ǺӾ͵ǲʦĵӣҲҵĶ֣һ߶ȥҪ˵仰
˵꣬ɢһƣǺӱʵͲֻ̫ǿĵˣǷǳģﵽļ׼Բͨͽʦܿġ
˰һ亹ȻЩֲס̵Ǻӣ
룡ǺڣǳƣҲ̸֪ܺСҲĵˣǰ¶ᣬŲţʦ㣬ҾͼƣԼСģ
˵꣬Ȼתߣͣ
ǺһµŪЩ񣬰ʲô˼Լ𣿿ΪʲôǺҲǷԼʲô˵ʵǻ֮ǵˣиԼĵͨ籨ŵ
ţǱ˰ʦ֣ѾǾʧɫ
ʦʲôˣʵȻʦԼͼƣԼ϶ҪŪԷ·
֣ɽʦǿķʦ֮һۼʵŵɽǰʮʵѾﵽ˴ʦˮ׼үүҲҪɵ˰һ仰ͽǲʦݺǿ˵˳
˵ͷǵȷһ鷳˰үүʵԱʿҪǿܶ࣬Ҫ˰үүɵˣʵѾԶ

ҲˣԷǿǿù
£Ͳ˵ʲôʦˣȻҲˣﻹһ⣬ǺΪʲôҪԼ
˵ǲʦĵӣʦԼֱǸã
˼ȥԲȥܣȹ˺ǰ˵ͨصĲѾ룬˰˵ڶҪͽķʦǰѡͽһͽҲͿ԰ʦѧ
Ȼ˱⣬棬Ѿվ˷ʦǧﶼǾӢͨڣȻĶ


һһʮ ŭ
ڶʦУ˰ǰǸһ࣬ģӢķʦϵ˰϶ϵ£һȻʡ
֣ɴһɣҵүүڣǲʦ鷳Ҳõ˰潫ѣ˵
Ǽᶨҡҡͷ˰ĺ֪ҲˣȻʦΪϾҪȥμӷʦĲԣİ˼ң϶Է鷳
֣أȻд㣬˰Ҳǿһ·ıҲǿȦɵ㣬Ӧûɡ
˵ʱǱ߷ʦУͻȻһˣС˵㾹Ȼţҹ
˵˾ͳץһ˲䣬Χ˶һײȻʵǿޱȣ˰Ҳǲɵõ˺üаǷʦֶΣʲôʱ˷ʦ
ۿҪãȴ̧һƣֱӽƳʮԶغȻź˼ǿվȡ
ηʦҲ֮ǰݵķʦҲѰһЩµķͽȴû뵽һ۾Ϳջ֮óȻû뾹Ȼ˸˻
˲䣬ηʦһһףΪƿľȻһոչصķͽ
һλʦȻǱһոչصķͽ˻һЩˤǶˡ
ηʦ߳ŭһ˦־һ׭˲һдȴϸ߰׳ĻԾȻУȻȥƼ󣬼ʮⶼԸܵȣɫ䣬˭Ҳû뵽һλʦȻ߳ŭһͽȫ֣ߵƣĻǿ˺ֹʮ֮ǰҦȺĻҲǲ̫Զ
У˵ǷͽʵһķʦҲǱɡ
ϧֹСƣֻҲҪԶֵֵΪѾͦˡ
˲һӰ˰ǰ棬һץȾһ棬Ȼǽһ֪ʩչʲôֶΣȻǽǻ߻һ׭
˲˷Ϊ߶ˣԽѾķ׭תȥ˵˼ҵ־һȻͬ졣Ⱥ˵
ٿˣȻ˰Ҳ˷ʦۼʵԱҪǿ̫࣬ҪȻҲԻ֮ͽԷľ޴ߴԭ͡
ηʦڶԷͽ֣ɲϹأҲʲôϣôݵһ䣬˷ʦѾʣ˷ʦҪԶԸʣһ㶣ҲӦʲôطʲôϣͽԿɽĴ£֪жٸ߼ʦǴʦעԼ֣˵һǾƻأһʦ˽ⷢӶԸԼҲҪܵϳ͡
ͻһЦæ͵ԭ˷ʦղ֮ʵᣬһͽ˱ʦ˹ҳ˷ͽݣ֮ɱһλͽ쿴ˣ鼱֮²ųֵġ
˵ָָ꣬Ȼɵó˼֮Գ֣ΪԼƺ˰ʶȻˣǾʱŹԷСǲŹģֻҪһ£֪Լ˵٣ɱˣҲΪɡ
쳤ϣ˵ɱ˾ɱˣһ˵μأǲǾˣ˵ȴ˰Сͽѣ˿̼ǿʶȴһ֣Լ۸˺ͱ˴̵ʱСӻ֪ء
ˣһʦȻݣֱҪը˷ΣûӣԷ˰˼ҵˣ۸ķʦûаƢġ
Ȼ޲ý˰ɱֻڨڨһЦү˵ЦˣȻô˵ǾͰˣʦʦʵķͽҵҪ˭Ҫ
˵һȻǴϢˣҲûӣٲʶȤǾǺ˼ԣݣ˼Ծ
Ȼ㶨Ǻܿ鷳ˡ
ͼԶһͷܿ£ˣʶһպ׵ȴʶ֮ǰһεҦȺһݣһۿָŵףүү
ƣ˶ǺһȻҪʲôˡ
Ҧҵˣ鷳ˣģڣǾԷʲô˻˰ڰοһĸȴǳ⣺˵䣬֪ҲүүˣҪ֪Ҧҿǲǣ
һ仰Ǻ˰˵ģڶԾǳ˵ġ
˼ԣܰæ϶ҦӲҲûӣϾԷʵݣѾĿƷΧүˣסԶˮȲ˽
ٿҦȺߣһ˷ʦˣһϣʵȴǹһͷͷһۣͷ׷ȴ룬Ȼϣʵȱǿ˺üȼ
һ֣˶ǹ
Ҧʦ˰ҲҪ֪ͷ
ˣûʲô£ҦͷĿʵȺ
ԣүүҦȺһίĵͷ
ãҦʦ˵ֱ꣬ӳͨصķͽչҪܷʦѡģǣҾ㣬߰ɣ
˵˽Ծܱ¸ʵǷҦʦѡĺ£ûĽҦҪΪҲ̫ףԾսѡߣʱôĥҦ˵㣬ƫƫ˻ëϾ˼ǰշͽĹذ¡ҹѾףʦѡͽȨͽȴûѡʦȨǽ󵽣һ£ҦҾռϷ硣
˰ĸ״˿һ㶣˵ʲôͼҦʦС˰ĪҪҲԣʦһͽЭδǿԱԷʤҪұԣ
ң˰ĸ׼æԷֱߣʵҲǿô
Σ˰ĸ׳˰ҡҡͷʾԼѾΪԶû뿪һ⣬ո˼ѹһͷת˼ҾͱҦѹȥһҦҪԸԼǸˣֺϷȻֵһ
˰Ҳǽޱȣ˿ҲǺް취˲˶Ͼ˿̶˵ֻǴӦûеڶ·ߡвٷʦǰҡͷȻǿó츳ڣûδˡ
ʱɨһҦͷȻʵߣҿͲˣ
˵ʲôҾܾҪ֪ûʸܾģ㲻ҲߣҦʦЦ
ҦˣҦʦʵ涯ˣܲܵסԼ˵˭˭
˵ȥͲȥΪҪμӷʦԣɽĹƺûȨʦ԰ɣһʯǧˣһ䶼ˡ


һٶʮ ʦһ
ò˵һ仰Чһö˵ʵ̫𺳡ڣܾҦʦ·ǲôעˣ˶һ䡮Ҫȥμӷʦԡסˡ
ģûмɥĲġ˰ſɣҦȺҲɣǴǣҲ˵޼ɵĻΪѾǹغˣɽķʦ
Ϊ˵ֻд˵еķһڣͨͽͷʦĲԣΪǴױȵ츳ʣʦԶ޷ﵽĸ߶ȣǴŵķʦһ
ڣһͨˣȻ˵ִ󻰣Ȼ·ʦȻﾪΪɽţҲ˵Դ󵽼Ļ
ޡֱ֪֪ҦʦĶ˵Բ仰˸˵ˡ
ԲֱԲΪ˶ҦңȻ뵽ַʵѰ·ĪΪԼеķʦ츳ĪǣΪԼܱȵΰķ棿ҦȺʱеɿ
ǲǶûϵ̲Ļһ䣬ȻǱ߸βԵķʦĪйز
ǡǵûУǸʦ̸оˡ
Ҿ˵ôôھͱμӷʦԣǰһʮֿ϶˵һûΪڿЦȻġ
ǸԵķʦ㶣ȻǱߵҦʦŭЦããǺηɽûƵĹأҵҪ㾹Ȼʲôճ
ӣҦʦǶѡûзԣһʦҲûȤͬҪһǰ϶뷴ڶˡ
֣㲻ǵɣʦԿɲǷͽܱġ˰һʱ˵Ϊǻ֮ƣû취һУȴ֪һʼôġ
һԵҲͬ飬˵Ҫû˵ʲô
ģҾȽˣ˰˵̵ͷʾ֪ô
ǱҦȺͻȻ˵Сӣ֣ΪܶùȥһʧܣɻǷͽʱǶ㲻
ʱңǺһЦҦȺ覴ñرҲֱӣûвҴš
ҾһֱţҵҪƾʲôμӷʦԣҦȺ
ʵв˶ȥϾûйոճΪͽȥʦ˴˵еķ棬˵ϾǴ˵ֻɲܴ
лηʦȻ뿴ôμӷʦԣǰٷְ鼱֮뵽Ӧⲻֻ֪һʱѡ
ȵһӿֵķʦ뿪ԶȺеǺӲһȺ׳գжǿұ˭֪ʦôסɽķʦǿ󣬵ҲԴЩʦùϵ˵Ǻӵת
ʦĲԳؾ벢Զͽɽ֮£ʦһЩطһ޴ɽţĸ޴ľһͥдĸ֣ޱߣĸ֣Ȼдһž޴ķ׭ϣͥĸ׭⣬ɢơ
ʦѾʼΪûбֹԽʲôʱμӶԣ˵ǰ棬Ѿ˰ɽܶ࣬ʦͬȡǰΣܼ򵥣ɽͿԣڵҦʦ˿˵ݺ͵λȻӦȥԣǾͲʲôıƣⲻ㣬ὫʾĴȺؽ
Ϊ϶ͨʦԣһոͨزԵķͽٲμӷͽͨһͶˡ
лҦʦѣǲǳ¶ԷԼǸлҪлġ
㵹ǺܶҦʦҲǺĵ˵ͷֻҲ˶ѣһ⵱үүȻҪΪԼ˳ͷһҲǹغҦҵ档
˵ͽأʦԾҪֱһЩˣֻһأǾǴɽ·ǵ
ȥȻֱӣȻô򵥡
ͷ˿ֵ˻治٣ǺǺһЦԥֱ̤ǵ޴ɽš
˲䣬һѹֱԱȵϷͽԵһصмŶˡ
΢һͣ٣ǰ̤ʯףһͿʦԵǿ󣬱ȷͽԿҪ˺ܶࡣ
ɽţҲǸȥ⵱вٶǷʦҲһЩͽ˵һɽϣȻҲܵͬѹԳʵǿȴһν
һɽ·Ҳһ֣˵ѾʷһֱǷʦԵĺ׼ɽ·ϣʯףʯ׿ɲѰ֮ʦԵĹؼʯ֮ϣ׵ʯϣԸܼΪֲѹǲܵӰ죬ԽϣѹԽǿĳ幥ɽ֮ˣʱֳ׭УճɹǵģͿԳΪʦ
߼ֲסʱֻҪ뿪ʯ׵ķΧͿ԰ȻҲԶȨ̭֡
һεķʦһСʱǰͿʼˣڶĲѾһĹѾ߹̣˵ԴƣΪǲʱ䣬ÿı׼һеǰΪ׼ȥľ͹ûȥḽ̌еȡǰ֮ͨǵȥҲ̭
һεı׼ǵڶ֣˵ڶҪϸһЩͬҲ͸
ҦȺǴϲһͨԵĿԾͼΪˡ
˵ҴҵĶ⣬ҷǵðٱǧֻҾˣʱɱԺÿʮ⣬Ҳʮ⣬ȶ⣬Ҳȡ뵽ҦȺǼĻѾ޲ϱȥʵ֮ǰһ£̫޴
ȺҪ򶨣үүڣģһһӣҦȺĵ˿̸Ӵ˵ֿ꣬˿ǰ滺ϵЦŸտʼôҿʮӣ߸ٽ׾ļˣ
ʮӹȥѾ߹˼ٸ̨ףɲȽȴ˶һ˿̣ںķʦǲΣǷͽȴǼֲסˣеֱߵ·ʯ⣬ڵĴҦȺҲǼֵ첱Ӵ֣ѹʱ޿ֵ޷ƶ壬·ǧĶѹһҸҲûãѹѹƵֻ꣬ӵǿޱȵʶֵ̤ܵʯ׷Χѹڡ
Ⱥȵʯ⣬߰ɣҦȺ˿̹ػ˵ߵʯ⣬ʵҦȺͼֲסˣֻΪ֮ǰӲţ˿ʵǼֲסֻܷ


һٶʮһ ʦ
Ǹ򵥣ҦȺ߳ʯף˿̱ȻԵõҦʦ̧ͷǰǰ﷢һ̾
Ȼ鷳ԼӳͷģǴ˿˰֮ģԼʲôƷԣҦʦ˭֪Ǳ׼ŲܿԼдȣֻԼӣֻܰԼˡ
ҿҲͱȺǿһѣô˵Щ̧ˣһҦȺĵЩˡ
ͿϢ̤ɽŵڣһ㶼ûб仯ѵһ㶼ûв˵ԼʶǿĿ£Ҫ֪ȺѾˣЩ˶ǿҩԷһѹȺôӹţǿǿһûбҪϣѵҦһûУҦʦЩˣȷΪʦһȶûУôߵһ
Ҧ֣ȻȲĪ˰֮ģһͻȻ𣬴Ӻ棬첽һߣߺҦʦƵͣȴʮָߴֱŵ˰ӭȥף
ʣͷ˼ҵүӣҲǺҦʦһֺʵʦ
֣ȻˣҲûãȿϵģȻһҲΪ෴һصҲߣҦʦʦ˵
δذɣһСͨʦأͲǷͽˣǺһķʦʦԼӵļȻߵǰҦʦš
⻰Ҧʦֹҳ򵥣ѾǺܸߵˣ֪ҴӲ۱ˣҪ˵ͨʦԣ⻹ЩԹʵʦԿɲ򵥣ͨһˣ
ȷеʱǻϣͷҲ£һְɣʦҲûж˵ǿԶ
˿Ǳٶȣšʯ׵ѹܸоҿԵĸоÿһ̨ףѹͻһЩڵѹͨķͽѾֵܵЩҵķͽпֵܵ
̶ֳȵѹǲ
ϣԼĪһСʱǰһŬ˿̶ԷӾصѹѾ˼ޣ޷ټǰˡ
Ǳٶȣ߹Ǹſڵϵͷ󺹣һμӷʦԵķͽһݣͥɢһ߹Ŀɿڴߵķͽкܶ࣬˭ɣ
֮˸ŵİһȺˣͷͷϸһͽǹ˵һߣҳ
ҦʦʦʦǴͨķʦҲҪͷǰ
ͷ棬һƱʦʯԣһȺͽôһȺˣƺǸڸղ߹Ǹⳡѵһ
֪̾һд·꣬ϳˣ˷μӷʦҲ֪ͨĿԲֻΪ棬ԥ˵ʯ棬ٸѹʧ̫࣬æϣҪȥʲôֵ˶ʦǰ
һеڶһ·ϿʼϳԽ֮ǰĲߣЩҲ󲿷ֶ˼ޣ̭ûһɢȥ˺棬ԽԽ࣬Ҳ̽ȥ
˵һӦǲܣոͨͽصһͽ֣Ȼ̾սʦԣ˵˭ﶼţǸղμСѧҵԵСѧͬһ챨μӸ߿Ҫѧһôܡ
һ·׷֮ǰܶƷͽҲʵΪһոճΪͽ֣һѾǺˡ
ߣȥ˶뷨ԸԽԽࡣ
СʱѾ׷֮ǰĲߣʯҲߵжλãѹѾ൱ֲˣһЩʵһķʦ˿̶оЩеĻŻŲ
ٶɲ䣬ǰҦʦʦѾɫΪܸоϢʼնûκα仯
ŽͥŲһģѾͨʦܴﵽˣ˼̨ףʦҲоЩҪͣϢ
˿̣ѾǾǿ־塣
˾˭Ȼ˿ֲôܲӰ죬ôܻܼ֣һӲţΪʦʮ꣬ôܲһոͨزԵķͽֱǻҧ֣Ѿð亹
ʵȻ˳Ϊ˸Ĳȴֻܱһٶȣһʼٶȿƽ棬ǵʯ׵жˣѾʮֳˣӲҪ֣ʦֶҲԼ֡
Ȼʱǳ˵һֲסķʦ
һʵһķʦ˿ɫɷףͷϵĺ綹Ӷȴ޷ǰʵԼĽ࣬Ҫʯ׵˵ûκ⣬鷳鷳Ҫٶȡ
ͬһףеЪЪܹȥҪ˶Աܣǲǹ¡
Ƭ֮ǸʦȻͨһԵڵء
ʯ׷ΧľٲȥǣǰҦʦͷҲص˵
˿̴󲿷ַʦо˳ҲֻʦֵޱȣȻɵľҦʦʦǾһ·ܵҲûʲôϾʵܱһʼٶߵҲǴǵԤ֮⡣
治Ϊ˶ҦҲŲμʦԵģѵһʼʹ㡭ʲôͷҦʦ˿Ѿ֮ǰӡмľȣͣٵڵ𾪺Ͳ˼飬ı仯Լš
ʱںԽԽ࣬ǹѩһԽԽ󣬻ЩԼѡķͽ߶ں棬Ҫܴܲ漣
ʱ򣬴ǰʯðһ壬һ
ʯе壬ֻͨ׭ҪΪʦҪ츳жԷ׭⣬ƷʹãҲҪΪҦʦѾû֮ǰĲм͵ӣ෴˿ȫͣ˷ѣȻûһ˿⣬Ϊ
лҦʦǺòҲˣҦȺȻǶүүȴٲһζѹ˲ˡ
Ĳϰأʱ˷һ⣬۷ͽǷʦƷʱ򶼱ҪжӦĲϣһ˵ĸСŸֻĲϣһʱз׭þʱֳƷ
ʦϣǲʹֳɵķ׭ģҪֳֳһͽǷʸΪʦ
˿̣ϸûЯκƷϣܶ˶ΪǲҪʹֳɵķ׭ǾΥ˹


һٶʮ ʦ
û׼ϰҲһ㶡
ҲСûвϰǾ޷Ʒֳɵķ׭ͻֱӱ̭ȡʸ񣡡ѾվʯҦȺ˿Ц˵ʵһ·ߵڣȫԤϣԼүү֪ͣԼĳûӱˡ
ԷΪֳƷ̭ԼȻлᡣȻͬ뷨ģкгληʦһ·Ѿһ亹ٶȼȥ϶ú֮ǰǸԵķʦһľ
˿ѾǾʼֱǳ󣬿ֲԸٶȻ뿪ʯףкܶ˿ţԼôˣ϶ᱻƲ
Сûϣ̫ˣȻûоĲ񣬲μӷʦôܲϣҿô죡ϲܿͿһĻ޷һĻڳ˶ˣҦʦʦҲǲг
ǿûκβϣֻ̧һץоͻ㼯һδȻǸոģһһ̧һ߱ǼֱӽԼǸɱ
߷
һֹ׭˵ڷͽҲкܶ˻ʩչ׭ʲôǣ׭ƺûʹκƷϣôƾձģ˾ԭ
ɽ˭ֻ֪п˵һֻ׭ǵһھ󲿷ﶼǴ˵һĴڣǷʦҲֻ˵ۼΪܿٵһģٷ֮ٿԳΪɽʦеĶ˲һ̻ᱻʦϤɾͲ
ҦʦʦȻλߣʵǿҲûпٵһǶ۹εȵĸߣֱʶֿܡ
Ȼ˵һͷ࿴һۣɫеľҲ޷أΪǷǳһ˵һķʦкεȵĳɾ͡
Ժŵ˵ֻҪʱ䣬̵ʱ䣬ʵǵλԽǡ
ʦûΣֻ𺳣Ҧʦпνһ˲ζȫоЩ޵ݣȴΪ֮ǰƾ۸֮Ǳмӣıȴͬһȵϣεǣƺҵġ
һˣ߳ŭˣҦʦ˷ֻȻǿ˵һ̾һһתȥ
˲ȴ֪֮ǰû˵󻰣Էʵͨʦԣ̤󣬴֮ǰıѾ֤ټȻ˵һҪͨʦԣѾа˳ɰգһҦʦȻΪֻܸ޵ݡ
Ҧ֣οأ뿪ʱҦʦ뿪ʦȻ֪ԷʲôһʼˣԷ츳ͲţǵͲŵˮƽߵףٹͿԼԽǼֻûȤ뿪á
ҦʦһߣҲȻҲ֪һʲôԺҪֶԲˣٵһɽıҦѾǲˡ
Ҳ̾ߣܿⷬȴǳһȭһȻĿɿڴǰһĻҦȺֱߣҪ׷
ҦңҲûʲôޣ˵Ҧʦ˲ȻȥԷ
Ҧһߣ˾֪ôˣʦǳӵνύһ˲õȻԷݵ΢ʵ㣬Ժ󲻿
˰ϵ˿Ҳæͷϲã˼ܽύһ˵һķʦԺֻõô
ʱڷӦȻ۾ˣȴǰһƫˣǿ˵һҲԲһξͨʦԣһҪô̭ģ
дһִֺƫִҧȥȻѾûа취ʯߣֻ˵ʯ֮⣬ΪһʦǶ˵飬û˾ˣΪڴ֮ǰѾвٷʦ˵ʯ⣬ΪǵʵҲܰٶȵʯס
ϣٶȾȻûм˿Ѿ˴˵Ĳߣе˶ǲѣͬÿһҪƲ谭Ӻֱӳ˵ʵУǵп϶в˿ͨԣԲٶȣҪϢҪҪ޷һһͣЪ
һ·ϣʯϲԽԽ࣬ĲҪͣ׭ȷռݵһľƣһֱ֣Ӵ˹ȥЩֶɢ
߷Ǵѧģͽľһѧ˾һʱϰϤĶҪǿ̫࣬ǻ߻ңˡ
棬ԽԽ࣬⵱лвĽβпٵһ˲μӣǺܾúܾöûˣһǿٵһҲǳΪʦԺ飬ͽһģλ˵еķ⣬Ǿڵˡ
ǰܿͳһЩѾõĸ֣мʦҲҪĴڣķʦֻѾǽأһļʡ
ȵһʯףԼĪаСʱͿ߹ʱ˼ǿޱȵķʦ
⼸ʦһ˶æ
ʦȮʦʦ˿ҲֻʵǶԷ̫ͣǲʦѾǴʦݣɽʦڶʮλԵľͷ
ʦģΪ죬һҲص㣬˿΢΢ͷǸΧ˻ӦһǰϵͷھͿ˵һѾʸΪҵĵӣ
һ¶ѿı飬ʦһ仰ͱ˭ʦݣҪһʦ練ƣοڻǷʦֻһͽ
ʦֿ찡ܵõ˲ţȹϲˣһԵȮʦǺЦȮʦҲǴʦλͲʦ൱ʵҲֻǲһ㡣
һһͣȴȻһˣϾû˭Ҿܾǡ
ʱԶԶѾԿˣԼǰʮ׵̨ϣһʵǣӦһߣôͻһԾΪβԵĵһ
ȻҲŲһͣͷ֮΢΢һ㶣һȻû뵽Ȼ˿׷


һٶʮ ʦģ
˽֣豣żķͽҲʸٵʮķͽʮûвμһηʦԣΪһٳɹһˣ˵ܰٷְٵõһβԵĵһȴû뵽յʱ򣬻·ɱһ֡
Ǹ֣豾ͼӿٶȣȻ۷һ·ߵһʯߣǼӿٶȣʵҲ첻˶٣Ǳһ׷ϡ
ڼ֣豿ν뾡һз޷룬ֻĿ߹
ܣԲܣף֣豴˵ʮʱ˵ķ޾Դûһиϰһο϶һٶ£ϣҪˣҪǣǴӺһһģ׶ΣԷôܻɡ
ļ֮Ŵòһŷ׭̧־ͳ˹ȥ
ƷַԳԽһķʦˣҲ˵֣豵ʵʵѾﵽ˷ʦı׼Ҫǿ
֣豳֣ڶΧ۵ķʦһ㶣˵ͽʱԻ๥𣿡
ûнֹԿԣֻôΪֻҪͿԽҵߵķͽ϶ûʲôˣɴ˿ɼǸʵҲ
֪ˣ֣豣ʦĵӣһ㣬ʵȴ൱ǿᣬ˵ºԴǱʮ겻ֻΪʱһˣȡһûһε֮ĵһˣ˵һֻҪͿôǶ֣
δأٵһû֣ҲǱʮţûô׷ֳʤ
ۼ䣬ѾǺһҪ㿪֣豵Ľ˭֪Էķ׭൱Ź֣ٿձ˲ðһΧһжճ˿ҲǱճס壬˼¾Ȼ޷ѡ
Բסˣһ̫ҪҾԲ֣ܶ豴˿̱Ǹĳ˵һ䣬Ȼһ񣬲żǰȥ
ΪʲôùԵķ׭Ⱥеں޲˸ɵȻ֣˾ӣճס󣬻Ǹȴ˿ĿЦá
֣˲ã׭ûȻԽ˿ڷ׭УҿԼѣǶʱҲѣһʵ׵ķʦ˵꣬ǱüðһϹ⣬˿ֱӶѣ
һĻֻ˿ʦȮʦʦָ֣ǿһ˲䣬ɫһ䣬ǲʦȮʦ¶̰֮ɫ
ǰʱ䣬ҵļʧ٣һһЩ򻽻ǵһ˿ǣ֪Ϊ˿űɱֻЩл䲻ȫ޷֪˭һôǼֻعأڿҵˡʦ˿ͻȻ˵͸ɫ
ȻǵʵȻܿղʩչ˿Ƴɵ˿ıҲֻ˵ӵУ˷˭̰ʦ˾ɾǸԼҵһѵɡ
ͽ֮ԣֳҲҪɱ˳ģʦһ仰ҵ˽ڣȻ˭Ҳ޷Ǽ٣ʦʧ˼ǻ֪ģµ١
ʦжԹҲ֣ܳʱһλʦ˵
Լ֪ԣʸʦص
ߵ飬ûйע˿նԼ˿֮Ȼǰ֣Ѿˣղŷųķ׭ǴʦʦѧķǶеķ˶ᣬһʵǿķʦסһʱ䣬ԷȻգ֮ȥôܡ
µ֣Ҳ֪ԼͶԷĲ࣬ղŶԷն˿ǹԼٷְǱɣնԼ˫Ҳ׾٣ǶԷûô֣Ҳֲ֪ôˣ׶Է飬Գ̾һûټᣬղż֮ʧ˷磬侲뿪ˡ
˼ʵ֮ǿܳԽԼ£øڶҲûʲôĲ֪ôڶòˡ
뵽ֳ֣һǰһĴΣһĴмȻҲ֪еĵȻ鼱֮¶Լ֣ȫȻûɱȻҲ
һΣɵĳ֣豣Ȼǰ治׵ȥһһᶨޱȣһɽʱһûб仯ѹѾ֮ǰʮҪ˵Ӱеģֻٵһԣټ̬һʶ壬ԲŻɡ
ڶ಻ŵУ̤һ̨ףǵ
漣Ե漣ڶķʦǻոͨͽزԳΪͽ̾ͲμӷʦԣȻһСʱǰ£һ·߸ͽȻ󳬹еƷͽһ󣬳Ϊʦ
ⲻ漣ʲô漣
Ҫֽ֪ܵ飬ֻд˵еķһʼġ󻰡ڵۿʵ˾죬ûٻʵ
ԶһɽͷҦʦǧһĻȴ쳤̾һû䣬֮ŵ˲ã˲ð
˵꾹ȻǿɬһЦȻȥ
ʦԵķʦͨԣʽΪʦȴûףأȻڷޣǲʦѾҪʦǼɱĵĺйأʦǾ쾭塣
ԲʦԸ϶һӣڿٸոΪʦͺȮʦһ̧̤ȡһɭɭķ׭һĲлƮ˳
һ֪鲻⼸л꾹ȻԼɽǵʱɱǼԼ˿ķͽ
˵Щͽ嶼Ѿ˲Ŷԣмٵһ⣬ֶθķʦͿԽЩռؾۣһЩԭ˵ʶ
Ȼ⼸лһ֣ǿȻ˲ޱȵĹָ˹˴̶ļУɱǣǵ˿
ǵã⼸ԳǲʦĵӣôǸһԼӦþǲʦˡ
ò˵Էʵǳǿ֮ǰҦʦʵѾĿ࿴ˣʦʵȻҦʦ֮ϣѾ
ʦߣһôôǹͷһʦվͬƣ˵ǶԼûе⣬ֻʦԷʵﵽĳ̶ȣҲ塣
ҲǷʦˣôҲԳƺΪʦˣɱҵĵӣǵ˿ϲϣʦһھͱˣҲͱ˵ʸͬǷʦݱȸճΪʦҪ˺ֹٱ


һٶʮ αĲʦ
ͷһμ棬ʦѹˣóֲ֤л˵Ļ϶٣һκһʦȷ˵˲ͱһ
ʦΪԷ϶᲻ϣƱ磬־壬пֱܻˣ˿ҪĶºԼɱڣΪԼĵֻعеɱ˳ԷǸոսķʦҲܻ˹ء
˵ڲʦȲʤȯȻ˽µľӲģ⼸߹֪飬Ԫ幻ǿɣǱһһܣǳΪܳΪԪ֮һƽһ塢һͥ⡣
ȻɽɲıĴ֮
гĲʦ˵ˡ
ɱģ⵹û˿ȴ⼸ӵģֻҾ˵϶ҲϣȻռǵĲл꣬϶֪ľ˵ǾҪߣȻ˶˵棬Σֱ˵ɣ
˿һںǶô˿Уսǰ˺ܶ࣬ԷҪ֣ҲִУ϶Ҫ𷴻ʱ¹˭ֻ֪ء
ʦȴǲ£ɱ˵˾Ͳ³ϣ£Ҳҿʺӡ
һ仰ǳ˺Χ˿һĻǵһķʦϧķʦȻô˵ôǲʦ˵ɽ˭֪ʦΪ˰裬еᣬĵҲһҪ˵ŶȣĻϧ
ֻͿԣҲûȤ˵ʦɲǣ˵һȮʦʵ֮ǿɽŵϺŵģΪһɵ˵ʦԲ㡣
Ļǲʦһ㶣û뵽ԷȻͶֱ˺ǰֻû뵽һηǱ˸˺һΡ
ŭЦǰ֣Ǻη㶼˵㲻ƷԲ⣬ɱ˸Ϊʦ
⻰۾һУʦǵλߵķʦѹҵΪأ̰ͼҵ˿Уȴôαô䣬ǵƷʺӶ۵ͷϣԼҶֵɣ۲ۣȻô޳ܣҷҪŪ
˵̧꣬־ͽϺڸ˳ͬʱϺﻹץлꡣ
Ҫ˵л꣬ҲУлǵɵǼʦĵӣʱ޽Ǽ˵ɣֻһ֣һлµʱ£ԼʱԷҪɱ˶ᱦѵԼŲɱ
ΪԷеҲòϣû뵽ʦαȻˣǾͱԼʺӿۻȥ
ȻҲǼӵĲлǲʦҲһ㶣аã˵ʲôǱѾһǼлʱΣǾ˵
ǼлججѾûʶֲңֻὫе齲Ҫ˵ŶǷǳߵġ
һʣǼлʵʵʼһʼԶȻϹȥ˵õ˿Ǽ⣬ɱ˶ᱦȻʱ˵ԷֻҪͷŶԷһ˽Ѿ⣬õɱڣͿԶ˿ⱦ
أĻȴǼˣɱˣľ
⻰˵϶ûţǲʦ˵ѪˣǼӵĲл˵ǿŶȾͷǳˣ⼸лѾʶֻµһֱܺͼ䣬ֲлǾԲ˵һ˵һж˵ԿŶ൱ߡ
Ȼ⼸л˵꣬Ǳ߲ʦ̾˱˵ҲȡһʼʹΪӱųǽҲûãϾ˵ȷɱģǲʦ̫̰Ϊ˱𣬶Ϊ˿УǧټƵĽ˿˵ĵӣһ˿ҲȡأϾӷֵģΪʦȡҲУû˻˵ʲô
ϧӦһ仰Ȼֱ˵һƾʵᱦȻٱҲҵʦҪռҪʦĽǰʯͷԼĽţûȤ
ʲôеӻƷǡ
ҲòʦһһڹҲһףȻǿˣǶˣ˵²˵ʲô϶Ϊݡ
˿̲ʦĻһˣҪӵˣ뿪²鷳ʦԾһ㣬˺Ƥǲܲˡ
ãС˵ҿԲᣬɱҵǰ϶ģҲˣҾǵУҲû˻˵ʲôȻ˺ʦȻҪ֡
ȻϰѸģҪ֣ҲǸԼһΪӱɡ
ǼЦһƣɱ¶ˣҿҪ˵ǵȶҳҲŶֵģĪֻʦĵɱˣ˾ͲԱԺԼ˾˵ԺҲʦĵҪɱˣֻ첱ӣ׼Ǳ鷳ʡ£ֻ϶˵α޳ܣ
Ȼ˺ԾͶԷҲ£Ȼ⼸仰һ˵ǲʦͷֱðһ̣Ȼ˼£һҲǳ죬ʵȺڹѾιȥ
ˣҲǾ˵ȷɱģ³ʦĵ裬˼ҵõ˿ͼ⣬Ҫɱ˶ᱦֻҲûʲôºܶ˶ղˣʦʲôôռˣͲǹʵ飬ҪվƸߵ㣬ռֻʲô̲ţ˳Ц
ʦȻ˵ʲô˽˽ʦ¶֮ɫǾͷòʦøۡ
ٲһԼͶԷǽ˴𣬼ȻˣǶಹҲûʲô
ʦºŰɣαӣһҪװˣ˵۲ۣҪңҵطȥˣ˵꣬вٷʦЩЦС̫ˣһǲʦٸʮꡣ
һ£ʦһ仰˵ֻܱôһ䣬Ϊ֪˵϶ᱻԷҵ©ʲô˵ֱӶ֡
̧һӣƾһ׭׭һ׵򼣬˻


һٶʮ ִ
ָСֱܳ۴СǾټˣ˿̲ʦͨ׭ٻЩĿֲˡ
˭׵򼣬㹻˻ϵĳ飬﷢飬ȫĶڼ׿ǿȥƺǹ룬޴ԴϳһԳĴǣһԴǯȥͷޱȡ
ǴʦǴһɱˣһȮʦаȻ֪ʦֶΣⴥǷǳˣϺʹ򼶼˵ٷְʤѰʦǰٷ֮ٲǶ֡
ʦͷͽҲǼæˣ±ǣȥȺһǺģҲǺ޲֮ǰȻҺͲʦ⣬Ѿֿ˻ۼʦٻ˵ɱͨʦĴ֪ˡ
Сӣûаôǵòʦ֣ҲԼȡԹñˣҪ֪ǴҶǶ֣͵ѪǴԸ⣬ʱüȻðһϹ⣬ž޴ðѪ⣬а׳Ĵ򼾹ȻֱӱնĶΡ
򼷢˴̶˻У屻նĶξ˿ҲײˣĽʬڵŤ˼¾Ͳˡ
ճѪҺɢһأЩطͬСˮ̶һ㣬ٷʦΪܲһ
ɼˣЩʦһûдӸղŵľлع
ʦͨ򼣬ȻǸһ־ͱɱǱɱûһ㷴ɱ
ҲôһӵĿ˿ϵʬ壬˵һ˽ѪĻ
ǲʦ˿۵ЩιȥıҪ֪һŹڲҵģһ壬壬ѾҵôһҲǲףտʼֻʮ׳ȣѾ׺쳣ʦϤι㻨ʮʱ䣬÷˰״СʵѾһʦҪǿƾ壬ʦҲʵ˻ֻҪٻôϾͿԽսǿһЩĵˣҲԿһʱԼٳ֣ǶȻԽս
ʮʱﶼôģǽգһ¶ͱɱǱɱȫ˲ʦԤϣӦʱ䶼ûУûлȻԼı塣
䣡
һɰɱӲʦϱɽʵڶʮλķʦŭˣıŭ
ǴʦǳԽһʦĴڣķʦ֪ǿ٣һʼҪԸҲԳݣûԶ֣ٻ壬ڣķŭˡ
ʣִˣпһĻķʦа
ò˵ʦϣǴϣһαɱҲһ㶣ƣѾԽʿԽȻԶԶȲҲǿвĵˡ
ֻϵҲû̫⣬֮ǰͷһ˿еЧǳ⣬˵൱ϲ
Ǵȷû˿еҪԸҲôףҪķѺܶķ׭ҪԼ߶ٰٷ֮һپʮϵпܻܶԷ
ȻֻпܣϾԲ򵥣ϵĳӦÿԵֵԼĿǰͨ׭ȭһΪǳԿóĳȼǳߣԼҪߣ˵ãԼʱöù׷ϵķ׭ٻŮʬԵС
˿Уһеⶼӭж⡣
˿ֻһһںɱֱֲ˼㡣
Ǵ徹ȻһԣӦʱ䶼ûУͱ˿ն£гĶΣֱӱǳ⡣
˵ԼʿĹ壬ֻҪ߶˿оͿɱС
޼᲻ݣ٣˿еĿֲ
Ȼ˿˺ã;ԲὫһﹰˣʦҪԼģԼֻǷ㵽ס
ɱʦ˿̴һ漴׭ȻһٻʬʬȻͬظһ㣬ףڤףƣʬһֱצӹ˹ʦ˷ȫȻ˲ּһ׭һη׭һ˷
ôֱʣɫһ䣬Ȼóʦ˲ʩչ׭Ǹ߼׭ڳķʦʩչҲǼ٣ʦͬһʱʩչֱַˡ
˲ǿѹʬȻǿףֲǺǼ
ȫɣȻ߷֪ǿٱȻȲۼƣҲǼΪѾȵˣپԿ˺ڵԼ
Ƕͨ׭ҲǱʵʱˣ˿Ȼ϶޷ֵ⼸ǺԥٻŮʬ
ȵŮʬ֣ķʦѾ֪ͨʦʬٻǷͬСɣһЩƷʦᣬֻһЩ߼ʦŻʩչ
ٻŮʬѾҪʵķˡ
ʬٻʬٻĸ߼׭Ҳûգôܻᣬҿ൱
ⲻܣǸոͨͽôܣĲ˵ʬٻĵλ׳ԽƷʦһ졣
ʦȴԼ޶ˣʣһţһţʦ裬ϾλҪԸһͨʦû˸˵ʲôΪֵá
ڿȻʩչʬٻ˵Ѿͨʦı׼˸߼ʦķ룬߼ʦѾǲʦѹˣκһʩչʬٻķʦɽм˾ԲΪһЩС¶
ұҪˣʦȨ죬Ҳʦʱ˵
һ̣ѾŮʬ˫ֳų˫ֵֵʦٻʬҲ޷ͻŮʬһԶŮʬҲǴݲȣʹʬҲռϷ硣
˿̼ѾɥʧǵĲʦһһӿѾðʮķ׭㼤ΪֲĹ׭ղŵļѾŪ˸췭ظ̺õʯҲѷͿӶ߷ɣǽҲһߣټȥǵó׻ȥɡ
ʦҪִʦʱȻʦΪֹɣʬٻѾǵзʦˣɱĵӣҲܶסְɣ
˵ģҪһٲÿһɱʦ˿ɱۣǲͣ֡
˵ʵһʦס


һٶʮ 
ʱԶǷɹһͷվʦߣʦְͣɣ׿ԽɾͲɽмҲԸ
˺Ȼ֮ǰȥҦʦȻҲˣģò˴۾ϤҦʦ˶֪Ȼͷ̣ҲܷǴǣʣһ֮ͨͽزԣʦԣǿٵһʩչʬٻָ߼ȻԺǰ;ޣɽҲмôΪ˴ֿǣҲҪס
Ҧҡ˼ңǴңȴʲôǣƾңǲʦЩԥֵȷЩ鷳ͬ˵ģԼһҪ飬ҦҲס
ټأʦ䣬һͬٿһƮҦʦʦߣڴ֮ǰȻûһ˷ôġ
һŮˣųۣĸȻӲʦҪ߳ͷ˰͹ղŮͷ˫ǣɫ࣬һ˫۾֮ɫ
һȺе֣ܳҲǳʦ
Ůӱ֣豵ķʦɽеλߣͲʦҲ޼ҪһЩȴΪɽһԱɽȨƹһС
ʱҲʦֻһסˣ۾ǾϲͲš
ֻʱҲû˹עʦ˿̲ɫ䣬Щɣȴʦʲô˼ĪҲҪ¡
ȻֻҦʦʦˣǲǼʦͲòˣʦһ¶棬ĵλ൱ߣ˵ǰʦ伣һӣ¶ʵǣǸı·񣬲ôǷǳǿӲ
ʦǰſĲʦҲ
ʦĻʦ߰˵ͷû˵ȻѾ̬ȡ
ʦջ֪ӲвͨˣʦȻû˼֣ʵӹɣԼ˭ǿ˭в֪˵Է˶ڣʦһϲѹˣѹˣȴǱ˸ѹˣȮʦҲǡ
ôԲʦҲʲ˿ͷȴЦάСӣ޷ǾΪ׿ԽȴΪλ룬˭ͽǵˣȻնַʬٻҿȻǻɽļϸˣɱҵĵӣץϸʣ˭ܸҦʦʦܸԼҶ˵ֱӾߣǸ𣿡
ʦʣһʵ˵ϣȷʦҦʦԸæҪ˵ΪǾԥˣǲԸ⣬ǳԲ׼
ȷڱֵ̫ˣʶݣһʵѾ൱ˣôͽǣҲ̫ˣҲ̫ȻǵǻֻǲҲ
ʦʻͬʱѾֻ˿ֻǶʦ㶣ѹû˵Ŀ⡣
ԼͽͰɣ˵㱾ĿĲɱҵӵҲ׿ڳϣֻȰץϸʲˣʦ˿е⣬Ҷǻ۵㣬һİ˵ҦʦңʦҲңʦҲôһԼͿĥԷ˿һҪŪ֡
ʱǱߵʦͻȻЦҵĵõŵ𣿲ʦǲǾԼʵǿɽһ죿
һǳ⣬˶ԾѣΪʦΪȻ˵ĵӡ
ѾǵˣȫȫֻʦĵӣʵЩŹֺ棬ڴ󲿷ֶôš
ʦ
ĵӣʲôЦʦĵӣǻ᲻֪𣿡ʦǳջԷΪɣһξֻˡ
ǲҵĵĪʦʦĻҪʦ˿Ѿö˵ˣǳ֣ϵЦ˲Уһ˿Ϥʦ֣豣óԼķʦļԲ١
˿ҲӦ˹һ˹ʦһݣһǷģһ㶼ûͼװʵͬӰˡûٻʦʦͽϵΪִʶе˼ٵġ
ʦ˿̵ʦﶼһ˵ı̬ûһ˿٣֮ǰΪԷǹˣˡ
ԭʦĵӣ֪Ҳʱˣʧߣʧ߰ʦа֪ζнˣԼһУʦ϶֣ʱԼͱˡ
ưɣ뵽ʦ˵ֱ뿪Ȼⲻʹ֡Ⱥж֮ǵҲһݣ룬ȻҲ뿪ȺûлȥŲʦڵжȥ
һãʦ
ʦӹȻһû䣡죬Ǳôһ䣬˵ʵвٻҪʣ˿ֻ̾ʣôһ䡣
㻹һҾ֪һңʦ˵ǿʦ˿ۿѾЩʪ˵ʵͷһοʦҪ޵ӡ
ʦǿʦ֮ǰѹû뵽Ҳû뵽һʼΪѰҵĿǣȻɽ
ǲ֪жԶǲ֪Ϊʲôǻţʦ϶ὫȥԼ
ﲻ˵ĵطһȥʦǷǳŬѹּǻָԭɫǺҦʦʦллǹؼʱͦͷĸоҲ൱ãͬһһл
֮Ÿſʦ뿪󣬵Ȼһ뿪Ļ֣象
֣豣Ժʦ֣𣡡·ϣʦ֣豶ҲĺܣȻ˷֮ϵ󣬼Ȼʦ˵Լʦ֣Ǿһǡ
ʦԺָ̣֣豺ǹĳ
ܿ쿭ʦʹصһɽϵլԺзʮʵķͽأʦǰ
֣豣ȥ£ҺʦлҪ˵˵꣬ʹլԺĿֻʣ֮󣬿ʦжȥı飬Ϥӡ
ôᵽ˵˵֪֪ΪԶˣǻôʦԼĲˣʶֻǽԪΪԼðս߲еһά磬ʦȻǸһӵ


һٶʮ Ͳ
ȻӵûκֻеĹĺ͸мÿʦɿѾָ糣
Ը㲻ҪңΪҲǵԪһάϣཻͬƽߣٻȥˣǿԶԪǿ߻ҪͿֲ˵ţʦҲľһάȺ󣬿ʦͷԼʦ壬һͶԷΪһ塣
ǿʦҲϤ磬ԽϤԽ֪Ŀֲߴ壬һһغǿǣ޴ۺ壬ͬһССĺǣ⺡ֻʣһͷ­ͷ­һСһյУͷ­Ԫ綼󼰵Ĺڡ
ǸͬССû֪ʱǲ֪ڶǰǸʱǺεȿֲĴڣ
ЩԪȻЩֵһˣΪԼԶ¶ȴû뵽ټΪ֮ǰŻ˼
ǲʦ覴ñرܴʱокܶ๲֮ͬںϵ֪ɽķʦҲõ㹻ķУҽЩ㣬ȻҺһȥӡƬͰķܿϣΪ߿Լ˵ʵȲʦҪǿö࣬ԪĵȼǰٷְǾż۷壬Ǵ˵ԽżĴڡ
Ȼˣɲٷ뿪ҪܵĽ̵ʵԪʦƽ̨ʱôΪ˰ͬô
ȻᷴԣڷȻļʵϷ׭ͬҹǳͷ࣬ȱٵľǶԴ׭գֻҪֲһԼʵһ
֮漣һĶȡͽͷԲԵĵһ󼤶ʦķ粨ûɢȥңȻôĺ䶯ɽ϶ĵϸʦĳЩɢҪݣʦȲʦҪߣֻԵ͵¶棬ƲʦµķͽҲ˺ֻܶ࣬Ҫ棬û
ȵ𣬳˲еķܶĿ꣬ڶŮԷͽͷʦмӣʹ˵еķᲢۣȻһ̾ͱ˷ȥ˵Ѿʦʮ꣬ʵ֣豶ǿõ֤ݾ֣֮ǰֻд裬֣豶мӡ
Ҳ˶֮ǡ
ɽһվڲʦҪʦǰǲܵģֻһε֮ĳޣʦ
ʦﲻҲûӶԸ˵ˣʡʡɣԸĶ֣ʦĹܵһݱ£Ҫɱ練ƣʦ˿һ˵ĸҷæͷǡ
ʦ˵ĶԣֻʲɱĵӣҲɱҵĵӣǵڶԿƷʦôȥԺ϶뷨ӶԸҺĵʦʵǿȻǲ壬УҪô˵Ҳ覴ñرԸҲȻΪҲǣ϶ԺԸʳѰʦѰԮܿϲʦŴҲҪһЩϡ
ʱǲܶԸʦҡͷȻ裬Ҳ֪ʦǺǵģ»ʱȽ׵
ʦ𣬲֣ܶܶߵ˳ְʱһֱźһԵһӴ˿˵˺ȻǺӣǱʦΪӵģʵܿ죬Ҫ˶þͿԲμӷʦԣΪһʦûĽٶǻΪһ
˵Ĳ⵹һӣʦǺӵĽȻܸȤ̵ʦǰһТߵĺܽУ˵շһͷܹ֣ǺֻܹɱҵһӣȻ˼ҵ˰Ҳһ
˼ҾˣԸ˰ʦͷӿ϶裬ǾͶԸһ˵˳ǸܹҲˣȥɡʦ˵꣬ȥоˣ뷨˲ʦȻһϲȵʦ뿪ųǺӵİæҪȻʦҲңлл
˵ţ͵͵һǺӣߵͷʦˣȻʦ˵ˣȥհɣʹܵʵҪԸӦ練ơ
ǵȻһͽһȻ׶Ըһ԰˵ֺ꣬Ǻ˵˼׻˳뿪
뿪ӰǺԭЦ˲ޱ飬Ƿһ˿мһĶȻصԼķ䡣
˿̴ܵҰ⣬Ѿ̰ĸΪʦѧϰ˲ٷÿ춼ѰƷĲϣȻͳ֣һЩ鷳
Ǹոյһ֮ǴһĹȵӳ֣ȻǴʹܣڶǲʦԸģΪֺòʦҲҪƯƯ
һǰ棬ʵʦôҪʲôڿǰʦ
˼ǲ𣬲ɱҲ֪µ֣˵ұңҽ㣬Ϊܷ֦ͷˣ㣬Զ˵һ֣ǸӾ
ʱ򣬴ȻðһӰӹӣһҽУǸùĵӾ׷룬
ʲôһæ˼ԻˣһӰͣ˹ȥæȡ׭УӰٶԸ죬һһҧץŷ׭ֱ۾ͱ˺˲ʱѪ罦Щûιȥ
ǺӰӦĻᣬ˲佫ӰеҽѪ罦ô˼ӣȻֹ
˲ʱһѼϷɳո¶ͷͱӰһ£ղͽҲһ
꣬ǺӰŻһӰζϺϲַʦ꣬ϣҲһԼüµģι´һǵǰ
ӰȻϺڡ
ԭϢҪԸʹܣֻڿʦѧϰԾͰϺڽҪ֪Ϻھһ·̳꣬ʵѾǰǷԲǶ֣ͺԤϵһɱˣԼԼֲñˡ
ϢԴȴǺ֮ǰͨ籨ţ£ڶûףǺôͻȻվԼһߡ


һٶʮ 컯һ
ǺӵʾãûоΣʵһһҪ׷ϿʦˣΪʵľȻҲ࣬ԲǺӾĻǼ⣬ԵȻӦԣĹȻãԷ⣬Ҳ¡
ľǲɽ۵˹Σ߶ΡȻȻиַӦԡ
ʱһһĹȥյķҲԽԽ࣬пʦڣԺ޹˼ȡҪ֪ʶΪãǱҲûΣգϢûͻȻʧٵôһʦŹֵǣʦǱ֪ټȫ޺ҲûκηӦ
ôƽ˰ŴҹһΣҲݼʦ֮Ŵ£ĵ
ȻˣʵһЩģίпʦԼռӡƬⶫϵƹӡϵܷصԪ磬ǿʦǷǳӡ
ʦɽݱϾʦҪռӡƬȻҪ׺ܶ࣬ȻӡƬֶ˭ռԲͬ
ʮʱ䣬ʦѾŪϰٸƬȻԶ긹ŪЩҲǲˡӡʦ֪Ҳֻ࣬ҶӡϵԪ磬Ҳǰܵռ
ռӡڵȡ
ڵǸؤѾնԷ˵ͨͽͷʦԣֻҪԸ⣬ھͿܷͽڷǸسֵؤ˵ԼΪʦ󣬶ԷԼһ컯ڵȡ
ֻʮȥˣؤûгֹҲżΪֱӣؤûƭԼ֡
ʱţʮʱȥΪʦһºĳҹԺϤ·׭ͷһ̻ͷһͼԼĪһӰ
Ǹؤ
ֻһϳԷԷȻǲ򵥣Ȼ֪Ǳ뵽Ҫ֪Լǿʦ϶ᣬʦʵǿȲʦҪͣӹԼ̽ͬʱҲܿ˿ʦ̽飬ؤһһΡ
ؤӣûһ˿⣬ǳƽĵˣ
ˣȻûʧܺã֣ӦѾɽˣҲӦע⵽ˣؤһЦǰѺͲﲻУƧլԺһ˴Ȼû˷֣ʵЩ˼飬˵ǹ졣
ûؤĸоǹ졣
棿ظһ䣬˼ؤһ˼
ɽһʦеĶڣ˷ʦǷ棬꣬𣬲лɢһ˿лһˣԺʦΪǷһ˿лɣΪ棬ʦԶĵطÿһ꣬һ֮ɽзʦΪ⴫ʦȥ֮ǻȥɱͿ̿˲Ǵѹʦһɣɱļˣĵӣͷ֮Է棬Ȼһֱͳɽɽ̫ϻʣƹһСؤһЦһ˵
ȻеԲͨˣȻҲһĺ֮
ֻЩһԶҲûʲôϵһֵ̯ΣʲôϵӦҵĴ컯أҪƭҡ
ҵȻƭ㣬˵Ĵ컯ͺйأ˷һˣﵽշܴﵽĸ߶ȣһᱻעõأԺǷɻڴҪʲôʲôҪռӡƬҲ練ƣӻǹҲΪҲǲ棡ؤĽ˵ƺĽϸ֦
ԭˣǴʧؤ˵Ĵ컯
˵ʵ˾Ǻ£Ƕ˵컯һ㶼᲻ȤûɽܽҲһ÷ӣΪ֪ԼɲĶ֣ǼʦҲУԶʱڵĴڣʵѾﵽ˷˼ĸ߶ȣ£ֻжԶӶԶ콢ʶڣ콢ΪһԼֵĽѾľʶںԼʶ嵱УʧˣҲָ
֮飬ϹȻãʲҲν
ʱؤͻȻ˦ת뿪컯Ѿ㣬ʹԵټɣ
˵꣬һӷΧǽԾǽͷĻܿؤӰԷȥأ಻һۼ
Լ޵⣬˹ܣ˵˴컯Լô룬ô⡣
ΧǽϹʱʦҲǽͷ
ôˣʦͬƾճ֣ǳƺԾʦһԼ˲ƣٶȺ˵ֶڷʦѾڶڡ
ȻؤʦҪ죬ҪأΪӿʦʻУ֪ûвؤĳֺȥ֮ǰؤĴڣԼҲ͸ԲûкͿʦ˵£ǿʵʦܴܲʦļѰؤ˿
ؤ齲˳ʦһǴһ
£ʦϸ룬Ȼ˵ģؤʮа˾һʦҿ϶֮ɽķʦвûؤ˵Ǵڵģƹɽǿʦںܾ֮ǰѾŲܶ˶Ѿ˺ͷһĴ棬ؤȻ֪棬Ǿ;Բͨʦ˵ûڽ·׭ʱ򣬷ʦһλҹңϸѯʹ飬ߵʱ˵Ժǰ;һʼʲô˼룬ӦʦȤ
漰ɽȨɽ߲עҲ֪ʱʱľܿȻ⣬Ҳһν
ˣʦںɽʱ򣬻Եɺ֮µõһݷǿӡĹϣ㿴ҹѧϰ¶ˣһţæ׷ȡ˳ڿʦûʲôصģַʦѧᣬҲһǳ
ʦһɫ䣬æͬʱ¿˿
ʦ˵꣬ǽͷ˽뷿󣬿ʦŹؽţһϲ֪ʲôǷķѾʧķҶֻ˵˵ǿأͨ磬ҪǣǷķȷѧ


һٶʮ 컯
Ȼ˷ޱȣŵ棬ԻһѪȷ磬ȻǺԥ͸Լһÿжޱȡ
ʲôȷģʦкöҲܲңǰɣû۵ĹһЦȴÿĻϲҲǵ˵ͷûٶ˵Ļ˵ûԼʧķҲȥѧ
Ҿȥоˣ׷ʦֻ֮ת֮䣬ԺҲһս֮ˣʦ˿̼ᶨ˵Ȼ׷ġ
죬磬ʦ˳ȥһ۾ͿʦɫŹ֣ڿ߻վżۻķʦǵ̬Ϣϣ֪ʦһȼģλҪߡ
Ԭʦʦǵ¸صķʦǰ񣡡Ϊڣʦû˽Ц֣ǻ֮ɫһƣҲʮϵ߹
ʦһ˵⣬֪ΪʲôʦһŹˣ˵һɽĴҪԼ
֮ǰʦ²Ǹ˭ؤ¶ȷǸʦ
ȻѾ׼ԺܿƽȻʦҪԼǾȥˣؤҲ˵ˣʦ϶˵˿һ֮ͨͽͷʦֵȼĲԣ׿ԽԲҪӼϾȷǰ;ۿɽʦ츳츳ˣɽڲ֪ķ֮٣˭֪˴˴棬շ顣
ܽʦò㲻ܣϢȥҲһЩˣҪ֪ʦǱҪ˭ǣ
ʦǾʹˣǽһͽܣԺ󻹵ʦհʦͿʦ򵥿˼䣬̴뿪ϾǴģӡ
뿪ʦ룬Ȼ֣豣̽ԬʦʦߵϢɢȥѰ˻вʲôǲʦĿ϶ô£Ҫ֪ԬʦͲʦǷʦеԪϣײ㱻ʹȥ£Ҫ˵˭ʹλʦһ˵ģǾֻʦˡ
ܱ궼¶ʦӼֻҪɵӾ֪ԺȻƽơ
֣ɢϢǰ塣
ʦ֣ʦصĵǰٷְٻȥִУܿһηʦԵԬʦʦλʦߵϢɣѰֻΪ飬ϾһͨͽʦԵţʦӼҲûʲôǣһβȥ˼룬˸ǵ¸رȲʦʦҪʦϣаʲô˼һ۾Ϳˡ
ҦңҦʦϢһӦһ㶣ЦȻͿԬʦʦȥӣλҼ˶õͷɽʹǶϵģֻʦˣѵҺãҺҦûмΪһѣǽ±˺£ˣȥҦȺӸҽӽǰҪúõĹ̹ܽܽСӣһȱѣ֪ҪСǳأ
ҦȺôүүҲᣬ˼ҵ˰źҦȺȻͬĴΪ˰ύ˼ҵλһЩ֪ܿǱ˵еʦӼ˵ʦ⴫˵һҲȻ˼Ҳܵõٺô
˰Ѿʦʵڲ˼ˣȻǵ
Ҧ˼ȣʦǱϢȴ˸ʦλߣȻ֪ʦʲôĴڣҪ֪Сӵʱ򣬾ʦĴ˵ģɽĿǰΪֹҲֻ֮ܳΪ棬һʣǾǴķ棬ǿߣ˵Ǹʱߴһ붼ڣڶ˳ʦĶ棬ֻǽɣ˸ᣬҲֻ֪淸ɽĹأɱ
ˣĿǰΨһ棬ֻΪ겻棬һЩķʦ֪λ˵ĴڣǺʣ˵ȨӹɵģǴʦ˵ɱҲ˸
ǾԵȨ
Ϊ֪ʦĿֲʦŻ˾֣ҪӼ϶һԼ˵ȥԸԼ鷳ոˡ
뵽ʦûио˵ı治ȥԸǰǸʧ٣ѾӦǱɱˣҺпǱɵģֻҪռĲл꣬Ϳָ֤ɱͽС£ɱһʦǿɾǴˣʦûӿѡ
ǲʦ⣬ԬʦʦԽߵϢǷԭĴ㣬ʦϵԼҶԸǾս˵Ȩⲻô
ȻһԸ⣬ʦʱ˶Ըļƻû
˿һҷϣͬһ۴ŵٶȳɽɽȥ
ɽǳ󣬴ţ֮ǰҲֻɽɽţʦԼɽɽΧǳǳؾǧʮƣɽɽʮ
ʦʵܸоǵеκһȲʦҪǿҪȿʦǿһ·ʦȴǲԶֻǸһҪԼ
ûؤ϶²˭ҪԼٷְȷԼĿ϶ʦ
Ҳû˵ֻǰ۴ϣûãĿ⿴ȥȻɽһ޴ޱȵĹ
⹬ģֱ֮ڹ⣬ȻʮפأЩǴųۣɫµķʦһʵˮƽȻﲻҦʦʦˮƽΪڶ࣬ҲǸһѹȸС
ʲôˣȻʮʦڹ棬ʮʦѰ˸֪ǵĴڡ
סһҪʲôʲôǧҪˣԺǰ;ǳԽʦҲ׾١۴£ԬʦͲʦڶǾȻҴ˵
ֻǵͷĲ˵ƻֺĹʮ֪ʦ׶ж󣬾Բǵ֮
ûӣҲֻСһ㣬ʦ˷ɴ򳡻ҪĹ㳡ϡ
Ժŵ˵ǻʹݻɵĻʹҲԶԶİٷ֮һ
ܿĹǧ⻹ǱȽϴģЩСԺ¥ʤڹ֮ڵѾǷˣʬ


һʮ 컯
ֻʬߵȼ֣ѾԶḯãǰٷְһΥ
һ·˰Сʱźʦһΰޱȵǰ
ţٽǧܣλ߹ĴʦҲǼΪСĵ˵ѹĺܵͣƺ¾ŵʲôһ
ò˵ӪĲҲʶĽʦλԼĻҪ߰λʦ˿̶ԵĺһҲǣؤ˵λɽȨʦʵǿԲ̣ɱʦɱȫңλãȻǺܾúܾǰˣҲܿʦ·񣬴˿ٿԼλʦСĽӣ֪ӦôӦˣֵĹС
ʦʹţһȣһСʱڼǧʬű߹ѲߣڹѲߵʬôҲˡ
ȷǴֱʡ
ֵһ֮ǰȥʦ˻ȥʱŸҪɽʦˣǿһסʲô͸ʲô˵ʲô˵ʲôֻҪֵ˻ģԺٶǺһĵλȥɡ
˵꣬λ͹ĺһԣ⵹ǰŪĹֽŵģȻλԼһȥֻԼ
ϣףֳʬЩʬƤѾɫҲ֪ʲôȼͷŽɱڣȻڽˡʮʬ߹ȥҲо˼ѹʣֻҪԼһ˿⣬Щʬͻ֣ĸ֪жϳЩʬǳٱʿҪöࡣ
ͬޱȣʯһשʯƽ羵ʮ˻Ĵӱ鲼гƣǰһϣһˡ
˴ųһϣ˵мҲţ֪ԼĴ˵ģôλʦ;ԲֻǼꡣ
ȻʦһоǣԷʵɲ⣬ʲôزˣԼʦǰƺûһ˿һܣֻҪԼʲô뷨Էƺһۿ
ԼûУؤ˵ʦ֮ԻѡԼΪԼһͨͽͷʦԣʵϸµʵкֻܶ࣬Ҫǰ⽫ʱѡһ죬ܶ˶ɡ
ǴûôΪ˵ֻзô˳ڶԷĳݺ;ηҲҹѡַ˵Ĳһ㣬ôǶԷĲȫڳͷ
Ҫ˵ʦ֪ܲһ㣬ҪԼ⵹ʮ⣬벻ͨйؼ
ֻȻԷҪǾͼĿǰΪֹҲûио˿ס
ʱǸϵʦһۣǸ˺ͷһܺãܺãѾٵһҪǣ㲻ηϣѡ˱ȴ飬Һ⣬ļ¼ҲӦñˡ
һʦǻлĴ̾ͷӦʦòͶԷ治˰ɣ
ԣ϶ؤ˵ʦĪеɱ˶ʦʦǵɢһƲлôһ֪ʦԷ϶ҲǷǳ񣬵ΪɽҲ޷Ӱ죬սȨҲһ֧֡
ΪʲôʦҪԼԵʣԼ˵飬ǽ̳һҲ˵ҲˣʦǴԼȥս浱µ񻰺ͼ¼һһ޷ҡӰ
ò˵һ˲ĽѾʵΪӽˣʦΪ£һսĴ˵¼ͨɽӰָҲֻʱʦֻҪԷ治Ϳɡ
Ȼ֮ǰһֱҲʵѡĳ֣ϣ
׿ԽǱޣͿٵһҪǲɻսļ¼ͱʦ޹ϸ˵ʵͬʱҵ⼸˲ףΪˣĳ֣Żʦע
еԵɱˣʦ֮⣬˸ֻ֪ʦŻټ
и뵽ͻȻ֮һɼΪǿʶȻ壬һûзӦʶͱ뵽һڵĿռ䡣
ã֪ʲô£ԼȻռ塣
һ˵ַֻǳǿʶռ˵壬ͬбҪҲռݱ˵壬ȻռЧҲֻάƬ̣Уռݵ屻ʶռݣʲô¶пܡ
磬ֻǶݵʧǻָˣϵʦҲ̲˳
ʲôˣȻڱƤ¶ᣬ˵꣬һ׭ƾðһ˹ȥ
Ʒ棬㻹⸱УһΪôжĳأ˿̺ٺһЦ¶һ˲¶ı飬Ȼû䣬ȴǽȻͬͬǳںС˵һ
˵꣬ȻҲ̧һӣһ׭ðһʦ׭ƺȻը죬ҵ鱬ݶƷһƬһǼֵƵʯשҲɷĩʮ˲һ롣
ʦܽʦӳ˹ЧֻһˣǶʦ벻㾹Ȼûлɢʦɫ䣬˲ӱվ۵Ĳš
֪ͺã⹬ʮʮʬ壬ó£ʲôһɣֻϧǧ㣬վ©һ㣬һǽˡ˿˵
ΣʦΪҿֻһɲȱʶƾڵ㣬ҵĶ֣ɱ㣬Ҳһ˵ԼײָһλߣһЦһ˦ʱʮâҫķ׭Χ
һΣЦøڿһɵӡ
棬㵱ֻյһͨӣϰķвλã㲻ж£𱨣Ҳ㣬ǧ򲻸ɱȫңǵĻ꣬һ˿һûи£һ㣬ҾͲŹ㣬ô꣬ѵ֪ҵ·ûʮգô㣬㵱Ϊ𣿡ĵĿЦͫһһ̧׭֡


һʮһ õ컯
⡭浱ǿáʦϵ׭ɫüΪѿֻû˵꣬Ǳһ̤ʧ
һ̣һ浱Уͨʣɽճһ޴ӣΧȵĻ沨ҲΧ׷Χڵմ
ʦڵ⣬һըʱ򣬾֪ãǴʬȥɻûȽȥͱ״ݻ٣Χʬ˲䱻ճɷɻңʦȻҲ޷ֵƣ˲Ƕ߾ͱ
ƣɽţҲܲ
ƷʦǴﵽʦĴڣ˿ǾĿɿڴԶԶͷɽ˵𺳡
⡭Ǵ˵зеķݴֻз˻ʩչǰѾʧ
һ˼飬ѵ˵û
ɽ˵ľĪ˳ʲô£죬ɽ
ʦҲǵһʱɳңɽǳĻƣĲôںɽ뷢ʩչѵǸ˴˿̾ɽйˣ˲ټĪǸʦ
ʦ˿̴һǶһ׭ٳһֻ޴ķɽȥͬһʱ̣Ǻӿ͸ʵĻƣҲɫһ䣬ֿʦɳȥԥʰ뿪
˿ɽۣӺڰͱռʱĸоһָĿҲǺףһعͿѾ״ݻٵǳȵĿ˿Լվһ޴ӵıԵ»ðųȵ̳ԵʯڻﻹŻĺۼֺۼǰֻɵĻۡ
ȻԼռʱ﷢˺ܶ飬˿оʦϢͬԷʧһ
ʱǰƾճһӰ
Ǹؤ
ȻʱˣһУԷȻƾճ֣ûһ˿һףԼκϢ
˲ӦˣֻһֿܣؤѹͲʵڵģֻĳֶΣԼͶӰһӰ
һͿԽΪʲô֮ǰȥ٣ʦһ˿һΪԷһʼͲԼʶС
̲סһ䣬Լֱ˹ùˣǲշѵ֣콢ؤ˵λˣԼȻһ㶼ûвʣһ㣬ԷԲͨˣǱԼ߳˶ٸȼĴڡ
ǰؤûĵ˵ɣλʲôʱģ
Ϊ콢Ǻܿͽ飬ԷԼ޲¶Լ˵Էе⣬ԼˣȻԼţԷԼûʲô⣬ͺ콢һ
ؤһĻһЦҾ֪ô˵ûѡˣҴѱ⻹öл㡣
𣿡һ㶣һɲԤУӦ˹æ͵ǡʦأ
ŪˣǶճ˷ɻңһ˿ûߣ㵱ɱʱҲùӦҲؤں˵ǵҸ㽲Ĺ𣿹ɽڷ棬ʦĹ£ҾǶʦǧ磬ȴû֮ʣɽұǷôױɱ֮Ͳڵдһݷ׭ƪһֱȴᣬֱ㡭
ԭǷ׭ƪˣԼôֱַӿٵһʵ϶ʦйأԷԼټʱ죬ǳﻮ˱ļƻ
һ̫СǵǿĲл궼ᣬȴû뵽㾹ȻҵдϵķֱһЭ㣬֮㵽ɽҾ֪Լˣսļ¼Ϊ֪ǼһӰ϶Źôһᣬϧ֪׼㣬еʱڿ壬ҷлʩչһɱ棬ñȻһѾǣ޹ңԺ͸ɣʦ˵
û˵ֱֻĶؤϲ֪Цǿޣʵĺܡ
ʦ˿̷ӦŶˣ֮ǰΪƭ㣬˵һ컯ʱߵģûе¶Ҳˡ˵Ҳȫƭ㣬ռ˺ܶӡƬ֪ҪЩƬֱߣɱ棬Ҫ˶þ͵ɽķʦ׷ɱ㣬֮ǰ̵ôҲ֡ɱָңΪʩչûˣֻûʶྡ
ôһ£޳ܵģûô޳ܵģԼô鷳ͱô¨ӣ˼ƨûˣƨɵ黹Լ
˰죬һ仰û˵һ䣺ȥõ컯˵ЩӡƬĶ
ȻѾˣ֪˵ʲôҲûãֻϵùʦǸҽ콢Ҳһ˽ȥ콢϶֪ʦĴڣȴûиԼһﶼǺö
Ҳûӣ¨Ͱ̫ˣʦǿͳɽ䣬һǿ϶ԼͷϣԼװҲܣɽ̫࣬Լôأᱻ˿ˣʦѾ˰ﲻæԼôʤ㡣
ڽͣˣʦټԼʱˣԼţһҲ˵塣
ˣƹˤ§ô˵ʦ޳ܵļһﲻ˵ӡƬôǾһߡ
ܿڶʦָ£ҵһر淢ǧӡƬͷģ׸ߣֱӴ߶ȫһգȻǲرҲıҲǵǿ񫣬ˣðײãҲûãȫߡ
һ޻أ̳·Щʬ޷赲ķûгѵᣬƬ֮ͳʱ۴ɽ
ֻڰ·ɷ߷ȻзʦҪ̽ȴǸպú
˵ҲɣЩʦУȻҦʦʦ⼸ʦλͣǿҲһ㶣ʦҦʦʵ淢ʲô£


һʮ ǺͶ
Ȼǻ֪ʦѾϸһĥ¶ùһʱһ˵һǺܿ˶֪
ʦټԼʱɱԼȴţôܽԼǿ뿪ɽԴſʦһߣҦҺ˼ҿ϶߲ˣҲߣʱΪԼĹϵ϶˶ܵǣ
ʵ˵ҦʦʦԼ˵˰ĹϵҲܼȡ
뵽һᣬҲ˵ֱʮʦͶ˹ȥҹҦʦʦʦࡣ
ǰʵѾǳԽҦʦʦ⼸ʦȥ󣬶ʱһƬȻԷѹû뵽ȻһʱЩӦ˲Ҧʦʦڵڶʦˡ
һû̼ͣԦ۴롣Ÿղһ£ӦÿҦҺ˼ҵĻˣϾɽҦ˼ҵλҲͣԼˣǺԼһģ˭ҲᣬҲûҪҦҡ
꣬ٱӣֱſʦڵȥ·ϾһĿʦ
ɽ۷ľ䣬ҲÿʦĲѣһ·Ϲպ
ʲô£ʦһֱŵҲ˵ֻҪûһ鶼ʲô
Ҳʲô򵥽ʦֻ΢΢һ㶣漴ͻָͬԸȻǳأû¾Ϳԡ
û£뿪ͺˣҲҲСջʦˣסǵ˱ָҪߣ˭Ҳס²˳٣ʦΧҲ鷳ʦϣǾǺԶ߸߷ɡ
Щأһ䡣
¿ʦ¶һ˿̣ҵķôˣ㲻ֵʦҲпɣ
仰Ѿ˿̬ȣΪҲϧӿ֪ΪðΣպԶ޷ȥĿһ̣ľͲһֹŹֵ
ָоǰδУܶĿ֪ʲôֻ֮ΪݣֱӽѹȥҪʱֶ˵ӦеͻѿͻЧ
ЧǲһС
ȻΪһеĽ뵽磬ôͬΪһС
û̫࣬ЩͽͷʦʵҶԿʦҲĹһôڲˣ˵ڵǵҪһĵز
ʦɽ죬һطȥһܴͷɴˣν˵еʱһͻ˹ôϾ޼ɵˣɱʦȥһܷɴǼֱ̫Сˡ
Уֻ˷ʱ䣬ɽбһǿķʦȻ࣬Ҳʮ׷ǣǾʮּˣԲðգ֪˵һ취취̫ðˣһ⣬˭߲ˡ
˵ʲôʱԶһҷɴа׳ͷǳŹ֣һķʽʮԲɽַɴҲܳ
ɴɳһˣŷз׭Уϸһ˾ȻǺӡ
ϴǺӳ
˼ˣǺӳֵĵǼʱֻȻɻԷΪʲôĴεĶԼʾã£ɴֵľʱ
ͿʦһҷɴҪ뿪ɽзУַɴǱزٵġ
ʣµͺðˣɴܿɵլԺЩԸ濭뿪ķͽͷʦߣȻ˭ԸҲǿ󣬺ܿ죬ɴͶʮˣһǷͽʣµĶǷʦ
ʱԶǷһоǺϺڣһ˿ʶ֪ͨϹŵһһǴܡ
ҦҺ˼ҿԱʹȴǲУΪ˱Ҳһͬ⣬ֱӴ˹Ȼһ˽⣬Ҳܾ
Ȼһͳ磬Ժ͸ˣ˵Ҿ˵ץҿ϶켦
ҲһֱУټҲʮ˷ܡ
ˣ߰ɣʱǣңǺǿƷɴɽȥ
ֻܿ죬д׷ϵǿȥ飬Ҳ֪жˣ׷ǰĶʵ׵ķʦʹʦ
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òʦûбϷˣǳǰ棬ѾⶨҪɱ
׷ٶȼ죬ǵĴɴȻ󣬵ٶȴҪ˺ܶ࣬ôȥȻᱻ׷ɱһɴ٣ǿ϶߲ˡ
ȥǣֻҪ㣬һʦ׷ˣףԵɳգ˿壬ֱɴ
ĿҲǺԥȥˣȻҲȥæʵУȥҲֻۡ
˿üĽѾǴϣʦķзҲˣҪٶȺԣױȽϺã˵׷ˣʺϻս
壿ףһڷʦһ㶣ڱ岻ǣڷʦȴʲôǣۺʵϣ嵱зʦҪ֮ϡ
ӦֻǱĹߣһϣɱˣͨʦֻдһΧɱлᣡʦʱֿʼĶȻһҪˡ
˲䣬ʮʵķʦΧмʦҲҪ֣һɫӰǰ
ʦȻһģ벻ĵλݣȻҲᱳɽһƽʱʦϵĴʦ˿ʹļ׵˵
СģʦǵдʦҪԸͨʦǶֻ֣ͬǴʦſԣһϣʦϵôõģǿʼ侮ʯ
ɫ֪ʲôվڿͬƽأ˿̧ȡһŷ׭һⳤˮⲨΧȻ첨һͲǷƷ
ֻ˵һΣľͺˣ˭ҺҶȫ֣飡
˵꣬ʦͽΧۼ׷ռţҲΪͿɴǱ߲׷˳ͻΧ


һʮ ɱʦ
ͽҰѰҲϣȻɽƺǷ˴£ǶִײķͽʵӰ첻
ԼĻ˵ˣиߵĶţѹסԼøʲôʲô
⼸ͽɽ£¶Ȼ׼ɼȸһֺϡеĲϣз׭Ȼָ߼׭ֻһЩƷʦŻᣬЩҲ⼸ͽķܶĿꡣ
ֻ׼ɼȸʱͻȻһӰһͽӦͬ㿪һ̣Ǹ֪ʲôطµӰֱ˼Զĵط涼ҳһӣҲѾ͹ˣĹͷ඼ˤˡ
ô£
ȥСһЩ
ͽһͷҲûʲôΧҲûиɽǴĵģ߽һ̷֪ʲôطľȻһʦǾȻʶ
⡭ⲻʦƷʦʵܸߣôһͽĲڵϡ
ȻҲ侲ģһͽװŵӹȥ鿴һ£ȴǶһ£ʦˤģˤ֮ǰѾˡ
û˵꣬һʬ£ǵߣľߣĶʵǿķʦֽڴʦĴڡ
׸߿գͿսڶʦ˵ɱ۾ǿ˿̲չֳսеĳͬˮһ㻪֮Ŀֲͨķʦ޷ֵĹһУлҲûãֲǣƺڿҲӵмΪǿĻԣٶȱķʦ˺ܶ࣬ÿһ̣ܻɱһʦսķʦӿ£Ҳ֪䵽ʲôط
ʦˣķˣɱ˺ԥٷʦǴ
˵ֻҪǵˣҶ飬ʵѾˣ˻ֳֳ࣡żһЩ׭ʦʵĲɱеӵнɱĴʦ˵ͬʦĶ֣ռơ
˵ûֱʩչķʦǻᷭüʱƣԽԽǿķʦһЩʦҲ޷ѹƣֻܡ
ǱߵҲܴ࣬ܵ˷ĽûôüֱӵķֵǾӲ
ʱ򷢻ӳҪã׽׷ˣͨʦͷųķ׭޷˵
ɱȿʦҪΪӵмΪǿ˿Уʩչܶܡ
һʦٻͷʬʬڷѾڸ߼׭ˣʵΪǿӲٶȷɿ죬⼸ͷʬոտͱε˿гΡ
еķʦҪʩչֱ۾ͱն䣬ӵ˿еûֵܵ
ʱʬȻһʬ֪ǲʦˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ죬һֱȺвֱ֣ʱͻȻʩչʬٻ͵ϮȻʦΪһսȻãʱԼʱ
ʦӼʦΪԼûٶԸ˭·תȻҴɱʦòʦҵ˻ᡣ
ɱʦȻһģʦʦ϶Ҳˣټ˿к͵ϮɹʻǺܸߵġʦķʦסֻҪԼץὫɱͿˣֻҪԷɱȻ͵͵꣬㹻ʱǲʦļƻ
ʬ꣬Ѿκ˿УҲ˵ԼʬʱԼٰ͵ϮȻһٻϵĽףɱ
ϧʦ̫СˣʼΪΪµĽǳʧܡ
ʬû̶˿УһȻʦһʬѾץŷ׭Ǵ͵Ϯ
ʦĴζԸͶʦջѣ˿̼Էʩչ׭ƾðڿɢֲơ
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ѹûʦôЩԴǰһԸ񣬱һԸ񣬲˵Ҳеô˵ԼҲǳ˶Էһô
ۿʬԥ˹ȥ
һĻ̥ĲʦûзӦͱ֣˲һͨ쳹صĻ֣磬Χķʦǲҽˡ
һ֪һԼʩչ֮ǰһϣʦʵ޼ɱʦֵܵ
ò˵ʦʧ㣬Ϊ޷һʩչ϶Էֻ˿սȴû뵽Լһкһ
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ĶŷٷʦĴ־ĺһ֮ǰֻǸӦϢܰٷְٿ϶ڣѾǺʵʵˡ
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˲ãȴңȵԻ̷ɹȥһѽᾧȡߣ˸ֹɽλߵĴʦ˿Ҳҿ
ߣʦ˿̳һץʩչֶΣͬ󺣣͵һܣգۼѾǧ֮⡣


һʮ ϣ
ͬ󺣣ȥֿûɢȥµ׺ۣһλߵĴʦҪ׷ķʦ׷ˣʦϹˣ⣬һЩڿҲ̤ʵأΣ׷׷ˣλ˭ֵܵ
һʣڷʦ侲ȷʦ̫ǿᣬղ˼սȻ޷£˲ٷʦʦּĴʦƣ˭ǣ
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ܲץʦǾͲĵˡ
ڶʦʹʦ׷۷ȥ˵ٴ󣬺ܿͳɽĴ㵽յУԶǺӲٿصķɴͣͿæӭ˹
ȵ˷ɴͿһڵϣղڶʦһսȻǵֵɷʦҲǳˣ˸ı£ǸǶ֡ˣͿҲ۵ĹǺҵǣǽ뵽յУһЩʦҪ׷Ҳ׷ˡ
ߣǺ̲ٿһҷɴԶɽǡ
ȻǻȸԾȻΣգڽȥģȻͿ
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һ֮ͿŻָ糣ȻҪĵһ£ǺӣѯʶԷͼ
ǺӵҲɴֱ࣬ӵǲʦǿֻи㣬ҲпܻԴˣΪҵǺӽԺɨһУûֻʿһҹͽҵĽӳ׻𣬴һֻ֪лȥ˱Ҹ˽㣡
㲻жĥɱ¿˵Ǻӣ᲻һøУϧϣ´ϧϣҲȻҲ֪ϧϣսϣҲһá
ɱɱȡ㣬ֻ㣬Ҷãֻ棬ҿܻᱳκˣԲᱳ棡ǺӲһۣڵƹӴǺӹ˾Ȼֻ֮һ仰һЩɡ
ûǺ˶䣬ΪԼκˣͬ˵ģֻҪ㹻棬ôǺӾͲᱳѣΪû˻ᱳԼ
ãǰҿԲ׷ҲԸ㹻ҷʲô˼һԥĸɵ㣡˵ֱ꣬˳ȥȻǺѾͶԼɲ̫ͶԷӴΪ֮ǰľΪϧϣ
Ǻӿ뿪ֻЦЦֻһ̣˲԰ס
ΪԼǰƾճһˣʦ
˿̣ʦ͸һ˿棬һգۣʦʧ٣Ȼֻһɲǣʦһ仰û˵Ǻ֪Է˼
ûѡһȻǿ󣡡ǺȻŵùǺ˿Ҳ൱˷ܡ
Լǿʱ򣬿˼ɣԼ΢Ǿֻǿߣһ壬ǺΪԼ߶ˣѡһԭֻԭ˵Ϊһŵơ
ļƻǷص򣬷ǣһϣʦͿԸ㹻Ľ飬ۣɽʵϴͬһάȣҲ˵һƽ浱УֻԶˣǺӸ㵽ҷɴȻٶѾˣҪлȥ˶Ҳزȥ
ΨһõľŦڡ
Ŧھһ壬֮ǰĸĸʵϿʦŦʵйɿѭģЩǷǳӴͷ֪ʶһ˾оʮ궼һŪеİء
ڣͿʦںϵʦӵ㹻֪ʶЩ֪ʶĿǰҪġ
еŦڣһž޴ޱȵ磬ÿһŦڣͨԶ˳ڣŻоͨͬһŦڣһܷԭĵطΪõķһΪŦҲת򣡡ʦ˿٩٩˵ʶ˵һ䣺ǲǺͳеĽͨһеĵطǵߣеֻôתҪȥһطչֻ߹հƲУ
˵֪꣬ʦûڵȻ֪ʲôǽͨ͵·֮˵ЩΪ֮ǰϧϣ˵ղʦϧϣѿڶ
뵽ϧϣҲ̲ס̾ϢһϧϣһƲлɱʶУ㱣ɼôϧϣĲл궼ûͻָļֻǱԭ
ÿһЩоʲô˺ѵĸоɱ˺ѸлһЩ
ˣʦʶ㣬˵ʦļйڿԻָлİ취һѯʳͿ£ôʣҲûʣǵѣ߶ʦĲл꣬ſԶָΪˣһ˵壬ûôǿ󣬰˵ģͨ˵Ĳлʱ䳤˾ͻɢȻͱôǿһֱȥ۶꣬лֻǲлꡣ
һȻˣģ̵Ҳûа취кͲлƵ壬ֻǴﵽ˳ƣֵܽãôҲԽԷֻʱ˸Ϊһ壬Һʦһ
ʦ֪˵˭ֻһԵĽ飬ȻԼҲֿ֪̫СˡһǾһ
տʦ˵ֻҪصԪ磬ҵԪϧϣǵںϣͿԽϧϣһм䶼ֲȥͬϧϣˡ
ΪǸͬһˣҲʲô⣬뵽Ǽޱȣ޲̻صԪ硣
زȥ
ӡҪӡ߬ȭͷüᶨޱȵ˵֮ǰʧָҲǼΪˣûΪʲôֻͬᶨģһȫ㣡
ûнԼĸ˵˵ʵģ˵Ѿˡ


һʮ ǣһ
ΪпʦڣʦԨ֪ʶɴҵһŦڣʼԾ
˵ʵϧϣ϶ԺͿʦһ𣬶ŦڵоҲһԼǿѡŦںԾĹУ֪ںδʵϳ˿ʦ֮⣬û֪ߡ
ʱʦͳһѡŦڽԾеʱҪѡŦڣкһƽ飬뿪ɽǵĵʮ죬ɴһξһŦڣһ̣ڴĲڵգĴ
Ǿһ
Ӧòˣ˵ĵӦþǲҪͨŦڣƾҷɴٶȣǻһҲò˶೤ʱ䣬ͨŦڣԶ·
ʦ˿΢΢˸ʶʮʱʦûϢվڼʻշֱ淽λû뿪һ̡
⿴ȥȻһЩ¥ã֪ʦ˵Ĳ
˵ʦȥϢɣȻѾ˵ʣæÿʦȥϢ֮źǺһȷĿǰڵλá
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ܿͽһͼӵ֪ʲôƼķɴĻϣһͼ֣ͬʱʾ˴˿ڵλá
Ǻָָͼͼϵλ˵ƺǿϵɻּڵΧƵǻתЩһ붼Ǻӹ˾ǿƵӹ˾죬ӵȨޣԺЩеһȡϢ
Ȼò˵壬ֻڵϣǺӹ˾޵һĴڡ˵ǣǵǰרҺԼͨźǣǣֻǶǾԻܣȻǺӹ˾ǵǵУҲ϶йԵǴڡ
ʳǺһ㶣̹ȻȷУֻ֮ǰҶù֪Щǵ̫չУԴΨһĵط̫ܣΪԭ򣬹һҪܳʱܣ֮⣬Ҫ㹻ĵԱвֻǶһǽпƣһ취
ôһţæʵ
ǿٿ׻һҺ˶ĸһ㣬ǺӻǺŵġ
оɣҪһ˵˵Լĵ˳塢壬ֶһɽķʦ׷һֶֹǺõġ
˿̷ɴ߶Ƚĺֻܵͣа׸߶ȣдҲԿĽ
ʣһеϿգЩĴ¥ͿԿյķһϵĳСڣйһļžΪŦڵԵʣܶڼԶҲǵкܶ඼ɱԣʵǿͨ˶ǻûʤ㡣
һֲģܴ齨ӵʱֲתҵ˼ǣԣȥһ˴һЩ߼˲ţԺҲǺʱ˵
Ǻӿһۣ˵ͷԣҪ졣
ȻҲ֪ǺΪԼȡһЩ֣˵ԼҲԻúôûоܾ
Ǻһ̸̼Ϲȥ
Լ¬Ǻӹ˾ֲһռĽȺɸߴ׵ΧǽΧ˿̣ΧǽкܶطѾڵĴҲѾ򿪣͸һɰ֮ɫ
һͷһ˶ߣ˺Ļ˿ǿ׳ǰ֫˺һͼѰʬ塣
ͷ˫ǿ׳ֱߵĴ棬мΪϸܣֺƤƵƤʣеǽƤмǿԣӵҲ޷͸ԴܴݣһŹǴ̣׶βذڶҪһβͿ˲佫һɱ
ʵƤ޷ֵͷǿ׳צܿ쳵ʬ屻˳Ϊͷʳ
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Ϊֲеʮ㽨д漸궼ûκ⣬ڱܹѵװԱԿӦκ
ǻֹ̫ˣǺӹ˾ĸ߲ܽսԼһԱ֮󣬷ֲͺ͹˾߲ʧȥϵ
֮ǳ˸鷳ĹҲǲԽԽԽԽֲǵķֲˡ
һͷûмʮأߴ߰׵Ĺ˺˷ĳֲӰĹޣƤˮǽǰֽͬһ㣬ֱֹЦҲѶ˺
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һЩͬ²Ըֻǵ棬ξΪ˳ȥЩʳûȥΣգײ˾ڸʻ˵Լնãǹ͹ˡ
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ܿЭĳͬˮһȥһĻѾĿ´ɵˣȵ˵һɶɵѾ¶ģԲܺǰΪУԲܡ
ոմõ鱨ĺҪҲ֪ЩģǾȻ̽ǹϵһΪҪ飬ȻҲֻǲ鵽һЩֻƬһ֪ôˡ
ʦһ£߹ϿʦߵһߣͬʱüĽҲ˳
һ£ӡʲôʽֱ֣⣬ʦһ㶣ŷӦ
ֻ֪ӡ֣Ȼӡ̳ʱȡӡƬģɱ̳ҵԾۺƬĵص㣬ֻҪӵ㹻ӡƬͿؾӡʱ˵
Ҵʦ̳еļҲǲ࣡ʦҲǵ˵ͷ
֮˿ȻǾͲˣûŪһӡֵ̳ĵص㣬ǣ


һʮ ǣ
۵ȷ˾̾Ҳպý֮ǰķֲ֣ЩǣֻΧֲ֣ΧȻ֪ｫӡ̳ĳ֮ء
ûнǣΪԭ򣬶Ϊʱʱһǵ࣬ĳȺܵԵĴ
ʵȲ˵ڿȥһɢɳŽһĳ壬ǿʱҲǺ޵ֿ֮ҲΪˣѾΣŻڷԼʱˡ
߰ɣѾ˼ƽϵһԲǵలȫȥΣ˵ǿ´ˣǺӿҲǳ𺳣˭뵽ȻԺͳ˴Э飬ЩΪ
һУȫǵ󣬵ǲΣѾǽ񣬼ȻǾܣͳ̸ҲǺ顣
һ·ûκγӳ֣ЩطһЩֵĹʱ˾ͻ·ܸоϰֻ˻ԼһˣҲǶΰͽֺһˣȻҲֵˣĿ´ҲΧ͵ĳˣ־ϲһֱǺͳ˶УҪҪеԪʵ˫Ǿһ䲻˵ֱӿɱ
ʲôʱ򣬼˻൱
˵´ɵҲǸоŲģͬһ㡣
ܿǰһľͷʯ͸ַɵĴΧǽʮ׵ĽֵԵĴ¥ǳΧǽһ֡
ˣǰȫɹϽΧʱɵһΪܹ˵Ȼ̬ǼΪģͷͬŻʵӲ̫ūһ
˵ͷȻǰ濴ȥһøָȥ߰ΧǽΪ̣ԿΧвٳ˵ʬ壬󲿷ѾãԿǱÿΧǽں͵ϣǵףȻﾭսһֵء
ȻǰļΧǽ棬ʮӰǰ¥ҲӰ߶ЩҲû˵ֻǹ׼ˡ
ǣթ˵ģߣǸɵ˴˿̹˵˵ָŲһȻͷ˹ȥ߽Ĵš
˹ȥȥһ߰㣬ưƾͽһͨǰһդţǱ߰ǹ죬˹վ˿ӣǽôô磿
˲ˣɵĵֻ̣Լ˲֪ڣҪӲȻᱻС
Ǽ˿ţȻ˿ˣȴһüʲôˣ
ͽܵˣ˿һɵôʲô㣬⼸λǲ𣬸ϽÿҪȥܵ
һզŵ̲֨ˣҺܿͿܺͿȫģ֮ǰӴкͽгˡ
ӣ˴˿ҲӦҲǼæкǱ˭һһҪɵļ߲㣬Ͷֻǲһ⼸λүԣǾԲеģɲͬ⣬ҲԥתͶɣ֪ɵļ֡
밲ȫ˸ӻ֮⣬ǰûʲôǸӵ̳ȥɵļλϴͶ£ڴ֮ǰϣһʱ䣬
˵žȻǹˣò˵Ӻܴ֪Ѿ˼ΪΣյľأֻܺ棺ΪʲôҪðȥδػ㣬˵в
ǾȫҵȻź͸ĸˣǹֲñˣ٣ûɵļλϴŮǾԻˣ˲ҲۿżλϴȥȰǡӺǼᶨ˵
ȻһˣҲżҪǵ࣬ⲻ˵󻰣㹻ʵôȻֶΣ˭˭һģΪʣӲŻô
УȥɣҸʱ䣡ڰ֣ͷ˿ˣҲһȥ
Ǽ˱ߣǲУæͷһ뿪
˲еߣģԺãʱ˵Ҳǵ˵ͷϺڣȥţɵʶʱˣǲʵǵĻ꣬Уˣ
һ£üðһɺӰȻΪٵ뵽ӵӰˣ˶ûз
Ϻڣ⡭ѵǹˡһĻĿ´㺰ǰ˵һ˵˵ҲˣǸ˾⣬ֻҽйˡϺڡ
´ﲻɵѾ֪˭ˣǸǹޱȡ
߰ɣｻӣȥɵĵ̣˵´̴·νɾɵĵ̣Ҳֻǽԭİȫֳ飬Ҳûʲô룬ͨ˿룬ǹϽȨȴǲһΪпʦʹڣһ벻עⶼѡ
һ·ϣв˸Χָָ㣬ǿߴﵽ׵Ĵܸ˽
ⰲȫƨһܴȫȻûãǰһȫװʿ˰Χһžװľٴ˿̰γǹ˺ʲôˣǰȫЯΣͷ룬ڽǼ£Ҳץʣ
һĻ´ֻһŽ޴ľ߷ɣֱû뵽ɵĵﳩ裬˾ﾹȻ顣
ֻϧ´ֻͨˣҲʶ٣ֻܸż
˿Ǹͷ٣Ȼŵǵĳ˭ҡ
ȻЩʿȻڣʵҲǷǳ£˭ƣֻΪְԱվǸղ˵ҪץҲֻǺѣץĻ˭ȶ֣
˿˵֪Щͷܴ󣬼Ȼ٣Լͽ
һʿܻȥһǺһƬˣһǿ˼Ϥס
ӰǺӹ˾ǸܣҲһۿһ㶣Ͼ·˾ϲɫ
Ǻӹ˾ǸǵܣߵǺ֮˶һ£ܹϰ壬𣿡
Ǻӵ˵ͷȻһ£ԺǺӹ˾ҲҪĺ
ǣԷǳǺӵͷȻŶͺãֱɻ뿪ҲûлһΪ


һʮһ 
ʾԷ˵ȥˣΪӰ˹
˵ǱֵľҪȶˣӰ˿ǿĹǣȻǳĳ˿Ҿ֪һģìǶܰȫаķҲܺã
Ӱһǳضҿȫˣ֪˿ʲôԲʣ˵
ӰЩϢǿ϶ûģҲ˿
˿֮ǰЩʿҲ֪˵ݣֱҡһ䣬ΧͰȫЦӰҪ˹ǿ϶ͨˣЩʿ֪Ӱжǿںͳ˵һսУӰһ˾ɱϰٳˣҲЩʿУӰĵλǳߡ
ܿ죬ϢìҲһѷ˹ڻаķѾںΪһİķ˹ס⵱лǸǰϺڵʦ˿ʦ棬ǱﲻסˣȻ˹ʦүүʦүأ
еʦүȻϺڣȻ˵ϺڣڶȥСʱˣǱӦжŶԡ
뵽Ǳ߹Ȼ˶
ͼڵ򣬴˿̺߹һȺˣͷļƲ˿̶һ־壬ԱߣҲһ԰ףӻɫҲһ˿
ΪǿķܴǽԸ⳼£ùүүԴȥɣһףǿ׳ܵĺ߹ֱӹ򵹣һľ֣Ȼ·ɿԿ˿ֲļ¡
ɵһ׺ôᡭһĻ˶Ǵ۾ɵһЩ͵͵ҲǹһأֱӰѾɵ˶ɵˡ
ɨЩһۣѾ֪ôˣϺֱ̬Щ˵УϺڵֶΣ϶ûЩ˳Կͷʣһʼȥ϶ûʲôرЧʱϺھͳˣϺڵʵҪԸЩ˼ֱСһǸʵ˵Ѿﵽļı׼ȻԷ֪˶Ԫˡ
СҲöܣиҪ鴦ȻѾ֪Ǿӡֵ̳ĵص㣬ǾҪΪһЩˣ֮ӡһҪõֻпܻصԭԪ磬Ȼϧϣļںϡ
ɺ;֮Բֱһûκ˸Ļ˵ʵһ㣬κʱʵǾȨ;Ȩĸ
عǵĵڶ죬һӴŵĺӰǵͷȻͷƴУֲֿ˲ǵĿֻš
û˼˾޴ĺӰǿȣѾʮһ޴ꪣӳµĺӰ֮һڵסȫ־Ķ㵽Ǵû飬ǰȫҵĵطһҲǰš
࣬ʵռĳһ壬˿ҲǱ޴ĿֲΧ󲿷ֵĳ˶ûʶеĶǰձܺ͸һ£߼´Ǳʶ
Ǵ˿̣һЩ߼ѿƴΪܵĿ־жڳ泲ſסһ㱩塣
ֲǿ󣬿ɱҵȺ̫ˣ˿̹λڵµĳ泲Χ棬ʮϰĳ˻ɸоȫ־޷
ͷӰѹ
ʵںӰֵһ˲䣬Ѿףɵ˰հ׵λϿȥʦҲһߣ£ΨһܰﵽģҲֻ˵սڵδܱȵɽʦɲ˵
Сӣ鷳ˣʶУʦڳһʱ󣬴˿˳Щֻ
ٷϻҲˣʦѾԷƢҲǺĻػ˻ȥʲôΪϲʦǣæǰﲻϣǵҾһѺ֡
Ѿ֪˭ˣҲʡҸˣʦ˿ûж
壬ѹʶ˵ʵû뵽Ȼҵһģ϶ͶӰǻʵֲֿѹڵҲǸоЩľ
ƣΣ˼㣬˵ܲӵõӵĵҲܶͬԼһ֮
ߣʵҲûʲô˲𣬵һֻ֪ϧΪ˱ɵǸ쵰Ѿľ˲лǰﲻˣʦΪпһɴ಻ˣﲻæ˵ʲô
ǹǳǿҶǶ֣ʦ˿Ҳһࡣ
֪ȷųȸһ£ˣ֪Լ˵ʲôҲûãӱǲеģֻԣһᣬ˫ͬʱָԲתֻҪ˲ͷһ£һͿɱʦּĸ֣ĴҲ֮£ͬʱȻ˵
ңһԻпʦ
ӣΪӦԿֵܳΣգʦҲҹͣѧϰϤʣ˿ͬͬʱһǾĵ¾ҲҪˡ
ʵҲȷˣͿʦĵһͷƲľ޴ɢǿѹҲ̼ȥȻǻ󳹵ʧ٣Ƿɵ˴⡣
ȻܱԼŻߣʵԼ͵ʦĵҲδܶԸԷͻȻ߿϶бԭ򡣵ȻҲпɵѡʱȴʲôԭûн͸һʱ䡣
Ϳ䵽棬ڵѾǳˣָʲôʱ͵ɱټԭʹǨలȫԴ˿ֱ˾ġ
һʱ䣬ҵӰǣ̳룬Ӱһ㶣⻰Ǳ˵ģ϶ȥִУȻô˵Ǿһô˵ԭ򣬵һҧǴȥš
Ǿһѣ˿̰ȫҲʮҪһӳ̸ףҲܲô࣬ǺӣǺСĲغ÷ɴҪ䣬̴֮߶׷泲ڡ
ʱȻҪϳˣȫô˸ȫ롣
´ļΪͻȻЩȻ˵׼󲿷˸ǵ뷨ܼ򵥣ܲΪһ仰ô뿪֮ҪߣҲҪ׼׼ʰֶ


һʮ ʬףһ
же˻ӰҲǷǳûӣȻѾƿɵָӵҲǧˣʣµʮ˶ͨڣȻкܶ඼õǿǵ̬С̬ŷڣкܶණҪʰֵǮĶ˽صʳи
վһ¥ϿȺӰҡҡͷ̼׼룬ĿǰӣǵڣҲϲ
ӣǲҪɴͲˣԼֲñˣѾ˳˿̺һһƢϲü򵥡ֱӶҴֱķʽ⣬ԸϵǺìǳƣⲻ˵꣬һԵìͣû˵ûǰ˼һͬ㡣
бҪ϶Ҳôһ㵹Ƿģˣ֪ȡǺʱ˵鵭ĮʵֻԸҪΪһС
ȺУڶά
ģƾʲôߣѵﻹȫ
ǰǰʲôû˵ߣֱ̫ûˣôණôߣѵҪˣ
涼Ǵ滹йǰҸӵǣΪܽﵱɰѣû뵽ҪߣҲߣҾʹҲߣô
ԣҪߣҿЩ߲ǹҪռǵĲƲûʲôΣգΪʲôҪߣ
Ҳ֪˭ͷܿ˾ͿʼȻͻȻʵ޷ܣ˵˲֮ǰͻȻƲǸ޴ޱȵĺӰ֮⣬ûʲôرˣɽΪǸӰʮ˳룬˭ѽܣڰȫסһЩˣһԸ⣬ǿԸһȣܸõ뿪ﱳ磬ǾԱȲ̹
渺άҲ԰ѿؾˣ˵ǣӰҲУǺֱһֵ̯Ҫʧˣҽȳ룬Щָʲô
ֻ䣬ԶһŹֵҲǺӾǿڳ˲ȻӰҲˣʱƣԽԽԣ˵ǣǲҲ
Ҳ˹Źֵ𶯡
Ǹоǧڱһ
ʲôˣһ䣬û˻شΪ˭Ҳ֪ʲô£͵ԽԽԭȺеĳҲҲ𽥵ȥܿ죬˶¶ֵףŶš
վڸߴӰ˵һۿޱȵһĻ
Զﵽ򼶵ĳ˴Х˴ʲô
ǿһۣѪҺ̣ˣӰǺּ棬ܶΣ¼ˣ˿ҲĿɿڴ˵һ仰
桭桭桭վΧˣȻȿͬһӿСѾˣǵ˭ûˣСҾ󲿷˶ɱˣȡеԪˣȻҲкܶ౻ɱ˫˵УǴ̬ϣҪӾЩ
ƽʱˣԽŸǺʮǾǱɣ£һ޼ʵĳ˺Գʮ
һĻЩӵģҲʧȥ˶ĳԼӵӣеֱ˳
˵ٶȺܿ죬һ˿һķӦᣬ˵ǣЩֳǹеǿʿҲŵ˿ǹΪ֪ǹѾˡ
ˣӰ˿һĻʱƮڿһֱû˵Ŀ˿̵ģģ
һ仰ͽһܿ죬ǹȻЩ˲ɱ˵ģӿ֮ǾȻһǿ࿸ȻٱܣҪʮ࣬Ǽֱ̫ˣͬϰһֵĳҵֱ࣬ӳȥߣҲܶԷͬͬ⣬ֻǼʱ䣬ʮ˾ͱȫ𣬱֮⡣
𡭡ҶûأһӴ˷Ӧſĳ˺һ䣬ֻǳĻܵøˡ
һĻӰ۾ɳˣ
ԭʮˣ˿̳һͬȳǴݲһ˶ûˣʱ䣬ǿտյ˿ճǡ
ܿ죬һԶȻ֮ǰȥƳ˰ת࣬һЩ˭֪ǿӲķʺϵģΪоԾǺܲԾ
˵ʲôطԾһʱҲ˵ΪĵҲΪȻǲټˣٷְٿȷģڵǿƽͺͰȫܸоǱǰһ٣ͻ޳
ļƻ
ӰķǸǺߣɴ뿪Ǻӣ뿪ǣҪ뿪ϰٹ⣬ЩʦͷͽҲһϣΣգǳ֣ʦ£Ϻֱһ֣䵽ϣʦȻǺԥĸ£˻ʲô˽ȻʱôˣǾһĵҲסûжʣܿǺӿƷɴ£˽ɴſųȺȥķȥ
ȵ˶뿪֮󣬴˿ǳױһճǣ˵࣬ǳҲӵһʣ
ǲӡ̳ҪˣʦȻ³ڵǳʵ
Ӧò֮࣬ǰͻȻȥмֿԣһǱǵˣȻֿУҪԭϸӦʱϢ֮⣬ƺ⼸ǿϢΪˣûж֣ǼɵЩصĴڣΪһ֣ӮǣҲԻʵ𣬱ϾһĵͬʱҲõ֮ʱߣܿҲΪӡ̳Ʋӡ̳ܿͻ֣ʱһǷǳңҲŻ˳룡˿̵֮ǰԵɡ
ĺܶԣôҪʲôʦʵȻֻ֪ܰ˵ʵȻּĴһæﲻϣһõѡ
Ҫʬո˵꣬üëһ㿼Ǻˣмյġ
˵ͷʾԼǺˣŴüȡһ̣ȭͷСŹֽᾧС
ᾧǻɱʦʬõģʬɱᾧһĶ


һʮ ʬף
һʼ֪ᾧһĶʲôǼ̳ʦĿʦҲ֪ʦȴ֪ò˵еʱʦһﻹóġ
ڵõʬᾧʱ򣬶ʦ͸ⶫǼΪϡٵ䱦Ϊʶ㣬ⶫǳ˶ʦ֮û˵һǶʦҲΪ̳˷Ĳлּʶ
ʬʬᾧʲôãʦѾǾʬס
ٻʦǸ߼ʦյķַǳ⣬ɹʲߣһٻɹôԺҲֻٻһʬٸġǲʦһٻʬıϾֻ˵ʦǳá
ȻʬҲеȼֵģʦٻʬʵŮʬŮʬе˫֣һֿɹصкüƾ˫ֲܻΪġһ˵ٻĸʬȫͻԵʬҲʵ
Ҳ⣬ĻʬٻһܵõʬᾧֶһЩطͿԼʬĵȼ
飬ҲֻзҳɹˣҲƾȼʬڰǰ߳ƣһͳɽ
ֻϵ鶼ԣܵõ޴ͺôҲһǰŷգʬᾧҪʬҲǷǳѵģΪʩ߶ǷʦɹȻԻþ޴ĺôʵʧܣͬҪֲܿĴۣᵽʬ׵ʧܣôȻʧȥʬԺԶٽٻһ㣬ʦʵҲᱬ
ΪˣڿҪҪʬף˿ʦҲҪȰ˼С
һֱϵڣֱ׷ӡ̳Ҫ֣˾
ҪʬףΪΨһĻᡣ
ʹĿǰǼϿʦʵҲԺֲĴ࿹⣬˵ûʱʵˣҪ̵ʱｫʵɱֻܶԿʵȡӡ
ʬ׵ķգֻðھҪʼףϣָᷢʲô顣
һ¶ģǾҪȥˡ
Ϳٷɵ֮ǰڵĳ泲˿ѾǳȥգʺأʦҪʬ׵ʱ赲ֵܻ鷳£Ҳֻοʦ
ʦȻһĺ͹УûֹֻǵһСģʧܣһߣٲ׷ϣ
˵ͷȻ泲
ȡʬᾧͨ׭ٻŮʬжʦڣʬ׵طȻҪģһգǾԼڴ˿ҲںһЩĲл꣬ȻʬǷôԼʩչӦкܴĳɹʵġ
һ׼ǳųطֱʬᾧƷټӳŮʬϡ
˲ͬһεצ泲ǽ˺ķ飬Ůʬʱ򣬾ȻҲȻ۾¶һīӿ
ûб飬ʩչطʬᾧķ׭壬ϱ㿪ʼ¶˹Źֵı顣
䣡
һ鱬ͻȻŮʬϱʩ޷жϣֻӲһ¾ǱһǽײһЩȥ
סǾű֮һͬ鱬а˴Σһαһǿʬڸ;ǰһּıͦùȥǰֻ̤ɹżʶУʦ˿Ҳһ֮ǰΪ֪⣬Ҳòˣʬ׾ԼҲû˵Ҳܺɹ֮ʵʲô硣
ûӣֻҧ֡
뵽ڶ鱬ʹŮʬϱ
ٳ׵ĵϣʦͰվڳ泲ڴҲܸоӵϴĿֲ𶯡
סһܳɹʬʦҧҧŬԼָƽ֪ʱôżҲûãȴĿǰΨһġ
ãһ𶯣һεľҳ̶ȼֱͬһΧٽϲĲ˿̶ǺȻ飬ɢ
һ𶯣ѣһѺۣԶһѾЩбĴ¥ǲظȻ޴̳һƬ֡
𶯵ʱΧĴ¥ѾһƬϵкݺύϰ
ȻֶѾأܿ죬ʦͲмϢԶɳ۹ֻƬ֮͵Χ
һͷ壬壬һЩʳߣߣƾǼҲֺô𣿡ɨ⼸һۣм˵
壬һֳǾ޴һһͬ¶ĳͷһԴΪԴǵ㣬üӲΧͳϣһִͷٶ죬צӿ˺Ƹ
ǻðŻ棬ǴһʳߣһֿӦκλʵǿǷǳѲмΪצӺͼݣпֲĶأѲ󣬾ͺͳƣؽڵǿȥǳĲ
ЩﻹҪ泲һֱ̽ŭˣΪʦʵ˲䱬ֻһ֡

һȣѹϯ塢һȺʳɢǺߴ֮һķʦǾʲôˣ俭ǴʦѹԽЩͼߡ
Ϊʬ׵Ķ̫ˣ泲ֱͬһƬԼһЩ߼˿ҲǰͲסҪһ̽
Ӵˣ֮⣬һȫɣͬһľҲǴ
岻˵ߴ֮һ⼸ҪǸҪ߼Ķ࣬;Ҫ˺üһɵľˣҲͬߴ֮һľ塣
һΣԵѹеˣΪ廹Ǿ壬һĶͨˣڸеĵλǴʦڷʦһеĵλһ
¶һ˿ɫ֪鷳ˡ
ⲻʦ겻ô޶ˣһͬһƯڿУͳ׵ľ޴巢֪еĳϼڣֽš֪˶ãʵԼ൱
ԷΪʦڲϲˣһֶ˵
ɽʦȻǰһôԸ񣡡ʱ򣬾һһ޴ӰЦ忭ҲʶǾһе齫ߴУȫɵֻй壬ҶԷ壬ߵǿƼ·ߣպ෴ߵǴͳ·ߣԻû־޴ıΪѲ


һʮ ʬף
ѲʦҲ壬Ȼ˴˵ʵ൱ʱǰʦļ䣬ȷԼʵЩ;֮ϣԷ֣Լһ
ɲ˵ŵ巢һ̶Цʦ֪ʦҲ̫ԵǶѨԣֱͬһ㣬϶ʲôöĪԼ̣
ǰԶʳ¿ɲãûǴʦʵϺǵʵ˵ֶԸ㣬ҲӦɣ齫ҲɭɭЦ޴ͬһɽ幹ɵϷ⣬ɢž޴ѹ
£ڣ˵һ仰ǴһʼѰҵʹһ𹥻˰ɣ˵ô࣬޷ҪԻңҴȶ֡
˵꣬ѾǶһͨ׭˲һڶð߳һףףֳֳꪵʬ
ʬһ֣ͳž˹ȥһꪴ̳޴ĳ֮ʯ顣
Ǿ齫һһץֱ۵һ־ͱһ޴ԲܣҪֵʬĽֻһιѾãʬĹּΪǿһֱӴɵĶƣ齫ֱۺһ嶼ơ
ͬʱֳֳѾš
;壬벻˿ۣԿɱ
Ŵɣֻȴһ㶼ഥִ˿̼˶˼ĵ棬ͬ䵶һޱȣԳߵٶȹٶҲ˿ķʦͬʦֻעطȴǼ˽ս˿
ȫʦŴ˿̴еܿ죬ͬѪһĴ֣ÿǰζ仯˼Ӳļ䵶ʼͬҷ趯һ㿪ʼֳֽҲǿ趯ѾýĹ켣ֻžžײԼĻ𻨡
;Ҳͬһʱ䷢齫˿̱ʬǣƣ˿̿ʩչǸûκʤ㡣
ʱ䣬ǱҪ붯ȻֻЩˣԿӦ˸ϹǾ鷳ˡ
ʲôʲô߸ոռûãܿǿϢ£ɨһۣѾǳȥ
壬β塣
嵹ãȻߴ֮һѾûʲôˣУʵҲԼ޼βͲһˣʵԲȷʦ͹β׺սʿ
˿гϰսʿ£ϼâβֻǵģͺͺһȴǴŽ·ץһһ¾ǰȺۡ
һβ彫ڼϣһͺ;弤սĿֱС
ǸҶʦ֣βϵëըˣͬŭĿһ̤أһͳ˷Χʮ׵Ĺƣһ̣ʧٳѾǵ˿ߣֱһ׼Կ͵ϮľԴϡ
ž
һ죬ֲʯȻ飬һǸùľ廹ûӦͱһӴķ飬ֻȫɵ壬Ǳ飬ҲԺܿ츴ԭֻβŭδſ췢һ˳޴ĳͬɽ緢һ˲佫Ѿľɱûʣ¡
ɱ
ֿһβ壬ƺʦļ䣬ѿڶ
ǽβëһ¶һЦݣȻſʦģڣ˭Ҷ㣬һӸ
ǿĿ£ȥޱȵĻ˵꣬Ȼ˸ҷǿġš˿ҲǼɵĺˡ
ǶˣʦŮˣǶң˵һصĴڵϣһǿĲ֮мѾҪԵĴ¥˿ǲظȻǸĳһɰ
ûѾʦҵ˹飬βƺܾǰʦ֮һֱ˵׷ʦʦԸĮԴѹû鰮ĶȻǸںͿںϣ㺣ϧͰ䵽ϣעǱ̥еı̥
ϧѹûԾ˿ǵ󣬲ڣҲ˿ԵֵĵˣβһվԼߵģȻñ˲ãһԸһԸֵ˭
β壬Ȱ£ҲΪ˶ԸʦΪǶѨıѵûиоǿŵ𣬿϶кöӡ̳֣˭֮ǰǿʵҪʹʦһȥǲԸĶһҪŪǡƯڿצ˵
ڣ˭Ҳ׼ȥ˿˵ʱ򣬵³泲˵𶯣һ𶯷ǳңᱻˤ
ʱһĴͻȻһ峤ϼֵϢıߣȥ
˵꣬ͷ򶴿ڳȥսʿҲһ³ȥǱ;ҲŻԣҪռȻҲǼæȥֹһδ𶯣ֻȴ֣һαһңһƬĵѾͬ˿ڴһصĹһĲˡ
֮˶һ㶣Ϊ֮ǰǰ˿̾Ȼ˲ʧȡ֮һּΪֲѹ
֮Ƕ飬赲ʬ飬Ϳƿؽ׺ʬʱĳɹյʱ򣡡˿۾Ѿĳ泲ڡ
ŹֵǣҲһǶڣʵǴ洫̫ͣҵгӶһеѹǿβҲĿɿڴ
ʱǿߡšͻȻãǶˣ
䣬ȻըʯгһӰӰϴŲƵĽףΪǱͬʱ˺Сģ
Сģ
Сʲô
˻ûӦʱ򣬸ǸӰӵһ׵Ůʬֻ˿̣ŮʬĻʬȥͺ졣
ƤһƮޱȣͷ١
սʿûӦͱŮʬײ˲ǱըƬһ״ֽһߣŮʬһץͬһ㱬
Ҷ˵СˣǸŮʬ׷ĻŲ·Ȼ˿һ˵һӣר˶ĵط꣬ʵΪӲˣֻѡЩ˵ֵһ


һʮ ̳֣һ
塢;嶼ˣһʱûӦʲô˵ǣһЩʸķʦҲһɵۣ˭ʬ
Ϊʲôô£϶ûУɱһ
һĻǰȴ֣˼ǧʱҲӦ֮ǰ˵ʬ׵У֮ͦǰʬűôʬҪʦ飬ʬɱʦֻ῿Կ飬ˣʬɲ
Ҳ˵ʵֻҪ׷׷ֻҪһķͿԻΪģ෴ˣԼ϶ᱻʬ
ҿ˽϶֪鷳ǽŮʬ˳ȻΪԼΧ
뵽ȥ㿪ŮʬĹΧ
֪Եɣ˲֪ǱˡŮʬģ˭ûеֵһЩҲһ
塢ҲͬһʱŮʬ൱⣬ûЩˡԼʱ䣬ԼɾΣˡҪ֪֮ǰΪ˵ֵʬűǵƾҲĵ֮һΪ£ҲƴˣԼ֮ͦĶ飬û뵽ôãôߴˡ
ȻˣͲЩ˵Լ
廹ΧŮʬ˵˲أʵͿʦµ齫Ůʬһ£ҲǱ˰ЩŵתܡʵΪܺǿ塮šĴ־Ȼ޷ŮʬŮʬһץʮֱŲҽֶˣ͸˵ˡ
Χ˴Χ˴æֻϧǲ֪ˡ
ջף˿ںһƬ˵ȫ㣬ʱҲ˲ˣ˫һץȡһѷ׭ƬǿŮʬͨ׭ֻҪԼ临ԭͿʬס
ʦ˵ʬ֮Լʵܶ࣬ʱȡӡ϶˺ܴգڳɰڴһ٣ô࡮ˡæԼܳɹǻԼ
ӿٶȣǱŮʬƺӦüͷһ壬ǱֲĹ
˲䣬˫ֳУôһգֻǼʱ䣬Χȫҽȥһֱӱ˫ɢĹâɱʣµҲǸˣеֱûˣеĶӱըȻû˵ӡ
̫ˣǲǶ֣쳷Ųҽ˵屻ղһ¹ڻһ룬ֻʣʮףٲܾܲˣǱ߾齫ʣһ˾˿ݻû˵ֱӱӣ壬Ҳ롣
һŮʬأѾ˲ƶǰʱҲǧһ޲ͨ׭һ¼ֻһɴŮʬΧ
Զļ٣ββҲǿĿɿڴȻʵղҲһΧŮʬˣ϶Ҳˣûж֣˿ԶĹâʧٿŮʬѾ鵭Įû֮ǰͱ˵Ŀֲƣ˿ȻӺ֮ǰûκα仯ǻһˣʵʵվ
ˣһЦ治ףֲöʦ˵ʬޱȣȻˡ˿ԼƵеһ˫ֵӡǣӡǲƿǴСͬڸղżͨ׭֮ŮʬԼϵģ֪á
뵽ʶеĶʦֱС
⡭СҲ̫˰ɡ
ʦĹУһ㶣漴Ӧ˹ɣĪŮʬ˫ֵԼ
Ҵӷļ֪ʬʵǻָһЩʬǰļ䣬ҿǵָһĻԣȻָֻǳޣǼֻһ㣬ҲΪֲ֮⣬ҲмٵĿ÷ʦĳʬյֿԷǳСû뵽Сײ֮¾ȻǵõʬһԪʶжʦСУĶһЩûõĻҲ
ϵǸһ˫֣ĿӦȻԼоȻƽ׵Ķһιδ߶˫ֵķ
ȻӦҲŮʬġ
ǰⷽ߶һƾջԲȻͬŮʬһһ˫֡
һҲԳ֮Ϊߣһ壬Ȼ˵İ귢˫ֶԵֵʷǿĿ£ڹոŮʬ߶ֹĳҲˣź齫ּĸֶ׻ˣɱ԰ټƣֹǿûǿˡ
ȻܸоԼ˫ֱŮʬĻҪһ㣬ʵϤ˫Ҳгһգ϶ԴﵽԽŮʬˮ׼
ʬѾ׳ɹǽŮʬɢȻԼ޴ƣǳз棬Ҫҵ·ġ
ԶĿʱ߹βΪɵĿոŮʬսĿãһ֣¶ŮʬĶ֡
ʦС˭ëһǲһðһΣС
Ȼûʦļ䵱У֪Լ˵׷ߣζûκ⣬ҲûŶԷ
ڿһӻңĵǰ㣬ҵʦʲôϵ
ҵʦ
ЦˣȻǿʦ׷ߣëһǾöԷȤóë⿭ʦ϶ǵˡ
ȻˣҲԷֱӵҵĵʦ
һǴϲ˿ʦѧ쾭壬ԼˣҲʵϣǻһëЦݣһļˣˣҽԺ˭۸ͱҵ֣Ŀ϶ٶԸˣģһŪ
͵ͷ˼ܶԼƢȻóǳٱȿʦҪֲòɵء
ʱƺУ濴ȥͬһʱ̣ʦѾβҲǲʲôһ¿ȥƬ֮󣬱ȸոʬűҪֲ𶯴Ӵǵĵ棬ѿһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
ߣﲻ˾̼з׭˿أҪһʱָֻʹ÷з׭Ȼз׭ٶ̫ʱʦֱ˹һ§סһֻץסβͣȻͬ˲һ͵ǧ׸߿գһŲƣѾǧ׵ĸ߿ա


һʮ ̳֣
ۼٶȣû˭ܱȵʦգ۹ʹǧ׸߿գٿ¿ȥ
֮ǾȻľ޴ѷָĲ֣Ӿ޴ѷ쵱УðɫĹ㣬ΪԶֻܿţβͬٶҲʦҪ̫࣬ոշףͱӾ޴ѷɳɫ׷ϣǾȻǲҽűϽǾ޴ѷ쵱С
ͬѣҪȥȴǱʦβ͡
ܱǸֻܴŲƣȥҲȲǣһԼ˵ʵβҲǳصģ޷ֵɫĹ㣬ȥ˵ˣԼϾллˡ
ëԸȻֱ𱬣ɵ֪˵û
˿̣Ѿǵضɽҡͬĩһ㣬ʮѷ첻ƺصʲôҪһ
¡¡ľ첻ڶǧ׵ĸ߿գɿԸоϴĿֲ춯
˿̣ɵˣǴûмֻһĶѾ׻һǣȷģ˿˭ǵУܵԵĴ㲻ˤҲ϶ñѷðâߡ
ʱƣһ޴һǴӵ¶˳
ӡ̳֪Щâʲôˣ֮Ϊӡڼ̳ǵ걻ӡ̳ƣΪֲ飡ʦ˿˵ʦļȻó
ʱеĶʦ˿̵˵Ĳȫԣ˵ЩǱӡ̳ƣ˵ΪʣΪӡĹʧԾͼЩ̳ȡӡˣֹӡҪ֪ʱӡ̳ûʲô߰Ķ
ô˵ʱʵǵһӡܶ鶼֪ʦӡ̳ǾˣԼٿѯһЩ顣
ǵȻҿӡƹߣʱĺܣʦԴӱѩ֮󣬸ȫɢԸͱӣԲ֪ʲôǫ飬ҲֻҪṩԼ㹻Ľͺˡ
Ӧʲôʵ
㹻ӡƬôֻҪ̳ضͿרŵӡô򵥣
ûˣһ㶣Ȼľô򵥡
ȻǸʱкܶ˿ӣеûռӡƬǻƾ˵ƬΨһ鷳סӡʱɻľǵǿҲһа٣˵Щصĸֶʱðĸ֣Ҳв٣
ʦĻҪӡԲô׵飬ټϺʵĸֻ֣һҲǼѶԸĴڡ
㻹֪ʲô˵ɣң֮ǰҲ˶ʦһ֪һӡ̳ˡ
Ľȥ˵Ҫҵ¼㣬Ҳ¼㣬ǻ֪Ҫ߶ԩ·ΪҵӦļ¼Խʡܶʱ䣬ΣյʱҲʦһ˵˵
¼㣿̳ʮ๫ʮôĵطҼܣҲò˶ð˼˵ôطõż¼㣿
ٺ٣ȥ֪ˣΪðĶǼ̳ɵϣֻһļ̳ɱҪˡʦһСû˵˵ֵˣô˵ڶǰһϵƣҲãʱһ㣬ڱˣסȾ£ѣһʼͱΧӾͲùˣ
֪ʦȻ˵ģؼʱ̿ɲŪˣȻô˵ˣԼҲҪСġ
Ҫ˵ѣŤͷһѾˣһʦһģ͹ͲָˣУҲУ֮ǰҲԹȻ˿ʦ֮⣬ɽķʦǹҲǵˡ
ϸһ룬Լѹûʲôѣ϶йڵĵˣ֪㲻ʦ
βǱӦÿȡһ¡
ţӡ̳Ѿ¶ȫòһ޴ޱȵķ·һĽʲôʵأеʯǽÿһط߰ķţҲ֪ʲô˼
ʱͷ˷ǳǿϢȻӡֻ̳֣ҪǶӡӵ˶ðˡ
⵱Уо޴ޱȵ
ӴꪰĽҪüһ־ͽìͷָ
ߴ壬Щеǿߣ˹Ľ֮˽ң˭վһ߻߰ǾĵˣһƵ쳹ٹ˶ȻǴһʼڹ
һǰʦ˵Ҫȡͬˣ˵ԺдãûпʼͽԼ·ˣҪ˵Ҳ߯Ƕˣؼʱôһ֣һҪԼĺ·
ʲôĴڣ
˭֪ĺԲôģԭȽϿһЩϢҲ̳롣
⻰Ǹ˵ģֻϧǰ׳ղ֪ʦô뿪ʦʦȻԼ˵һƢŹ֣ӻ𱬣һ⻰üëһӶָſеǴڡ
ǰɣţ˵ôţ֪֪˭֪֪ʲôˣŲھȥһ㣿ﵰë㣬£ҾͰôˣ
仰ֿڣҲ֪ĸסˣĶĿɿڴ˾͸˵ˣȻ֪һʵϹģʱȫ֧ʦĵӣһԸʦºӡлˡ
ǵĵǺãⲻ֪Ʋ㵱Уβһȴˡ
Ŀǿһëβ峤˵
ˣһǸäߴ֪ĺ٣϶֪ĵλ˵ҪռһβĽ֪ʶٵö㰡˶˵βֻ֪壬Ƕڿô죿һëβ峤ż˵
¸βµľǴܣôˣҾͲˣҶһԡһëβ峤ߵ۾û˵꣬ͱԱߵͬס졣
ˣճҲǸäʶ尡Ҫβ͹Ļƴ𣿡һʼ˵İëһʹļף˵꣬˵һ붼ֱУ壬һȫ˼ɡ
£ëͺëҲ˵ˣһҾ֪ı顣


һʮ ӡ֮һ
βǳȻҲǳĲ˵Զ񣬲ʱǱڻڣģѾ൱ˡ
ߵȻ֪Ҳ֪ΪԵʣβѾĪĺ͹жν˵ĵ˾ѣβǾѡ
βҲгȵģëͺëѹסͬЩƢģû
β壬Ҳûб̬ģȻǺʶ϶Ϊԡ
Ҫ˵Ҳ൱еλģϾǹλĽ֮һ֪ǰѾ˿̱ڽҲһ£űŭ
˵꣬һִڴӿм£ֱӳ˹ȥȵĹҪǿ˲١
һҪǰСģ򵥣ûµġ
ô˵Ҳͣµõ˫ֵֵ⹥Ȼʦô˵ǾͿʲô¡
ͼ۾һɣȻҲǲΣβǹâ䣬͵ʮ
ͻȻһ򣬵Բǿиɣ˿ֱ̼ͬһ㣬ϵһëͬӲĽˣȻӲ
̼һջӳϣ⻤Ƿǳ߼Ƕʦ̸һֶ׭ӳ֮󣬷㣬ӦÿԵֵĽ
ɲ֮䣬ں˹ֱӽףʦ˿Ҳ˫֧壬һͣҪȻһֱӿܾͻᱻɳȥʮ֪䵽ʲôط
ٿǰĴ׳˫ȻһëȥΪǱҲֻˣͽĿֲһ
ƣүү£˿̳ŲӺһֶӵԸ񣬲Ȼǲٺˡ
ֻǶԸǿԺͿʦһΧصӡ̳Ҷʦӡ̳УûܵõһЩΪõĶʵ֮ھԲƴɱʱ
ſʦһʹɫ̻⣬ֱץŻڽһŲƣҲͬʱļ̳ȥ
жʦһḻָ·Ȼǽ̳ʱ⣬ȥҲкôʱܿ
ҪӣеǼڣͬʱͬŮɢһƤūΧ£⻹
˭ܽ֮ӦԷһҪ󣡡һ˾һĺôʲôĴڣŵҪ޼֮ʲôԻġ
ĶӰѾǿ
ܵеǿޱȵǰĵˣʱȻǲ˿ԥмܵĹƻԸԼָƻ˶ԸԼڱߡ
ƺǿֻʮˣȻܲ⣬ֵǸղŵҪ˭ץסֱɱҳһҪ󣬻һڼƵ飬ūۻǶȡ궼Ƿǳ㡣
˴ѵھ󲿷嶼޷ټˡ
ðϢȻɳͬʱȻ˷ĽͣʿͳˣҲд𣬴˷СӰɡ
֣;ĸ֣Ǻ֮ǰгԹ壬֮ǰΪɱԴɽۻû뵽Ȼŵ˷Ľ˵Ӧһ˵Ҫ󣬹һ򣬾;ֵǳˡ
Դ˿ȫð˳ǿһ˿ֲĴֱ֣ȥھУһϹ⣬ͬһļ̌һƣֱӴһˮͰϸɫ׵磬ֱӺ
뻹ԶҲ޷ԮҲһǰ̳һ˫֣һֱָһ׵˫־͵ǰֵֹ
ǰܵ˿ֲĽҲѲƤ˫֣ЩȻȫ赲ԸоԼ˫ʵϻûȫӳȫ
ǰĵˣҲȥ˭жˣֱ˿нй˲һƬҽУǺһ㡣գ֮䣬˿иɢĲ֫ϱ۾ͬһ£ЩƤūȫɼӲĽɣ˿йҲͬһױп͸˵ˡ
һһ֮ݿһΧ£˿̿ʦǱѾʱΧͼ嵽ǰһһѾŲƵ档
ߣȽȥͻΧ̳ǰӡ̳һŹֵˮˮĺɫͬڵī֭һ㡣
ʦֺɫˮǿԽ̳ĴţȻһֻҪǰӡ̳˶ֻ֪ˮһţֻɫɺɫɫʹãʦ֪һְ취ǿʹúɫˮд͡
Щ׷ڶ嵱УвǰμӹӡᣬȻ֪̳Ĺ򣬿㶵ĳɫˮǶʱЦ
ߣ޴̳ûȫˮǺɫôܽȥջ·һһ׷ȥɱ塢;ĸֿɫˮЦе˿Ҳ˿ֻҪǲμӹһӡĶ֪̳ĹǾˮҲǴˮֻбɫܼʹá
ǰͬһΧȥղɱǼˣֱξԲߣ
ģӲߡһ˵Ϳǰ˿Ǹɫˮһˮâ˾Ȼƾʧ
˶ˣеҲû뵽Ȼᷢ飬ӡ̳ĹǶֹ֪һν̳Уûм˭ȻڴˮǺɫ½д͡
ôܣд˿̶ðôһͷȻǱŪˣЩ׷ǰ׷һɵվһʱ侹Ȼǲ֪һʲô
ǰ˼⣬еȴ֪ʲô顣
ոΨһûмһǶһƬƲ֮ϵڶʦЩʦУһ붼֮ǰɽ׷ʦ˿ٿʦҲŹ֣˵ɱʦӦд𣬿ܿܵõĴУôĳ˵ǷĴˡ


һʮ ӡ֮
ʦ뿪ɽɽķʦ֮ͳôһԡ
ԵݾȻǹڷ桢֮ĶԹиʦɱʦľ˵ǻɫֻҪ˶Ϊġ
ʦѾԭʦҲǸȥǴ˺ܶʦӼһԭ߸ͬʦ걻ɱ͵λҲһǧɡ
Ϊˣһδɽڶʦڷ֮󣬲ûнҲûбҪ汨ڶĴģôܿ渴ġ
ǾǷ桢֮ĶԹûʸ͵ġ
ǾźôһʦŸոյ׷ɱǴ˳Ĭȷ
ȻôǿԲ׷ʦҲûбҪǣңǽһ𣬾ǺԣȻǲڹûбҪУһʦȻ˵
ǷĴˣôӲҲף
ûʲôô˵ҲˣһΧǿʹúɫĴ;ʯ
һ£һǲǵһ£ɽ֮ǰһ˵˵ֻзͶʦ֪һطӡ̳ʹùɫĴ;ʯȻǺͷ߶ʦйϵ
ڶʦ˿̵̬νìǷ߶ʦĴˣôĵλҪ֮ϡ
ˣ࣬ĺ˵ͷôȻ£´ܰͰһѰɡһλߵĴʦ˿̱̬ˣʦҲǵͷͬ⣬Ĳ˵ǷĴˣôʧķ㹻ڶʦȥͽˣѧһǵʵҲм洦
ȻⶼеһС˼϶ǲ˵ȥġ
˵նʦ̸ķʹúɫ;ʯ˿̺ͿʦԼһΪŹֵĿռ䡣
жŹ֣ۼǺġȣ޾͸Һ壬ȻˮҺᣬǽڿҺ֮ĳʣȿи谭
֮⣬˷Ưʬ壬ôһۿȥʮ򣬵ȻĿܿҲһƬڸԶĵطûǾͲ֪ˡ
˭էһۿʮʬƯΧᾪֺ£һЩ֣Ҳٻ
˿˾ϸȥЩʬ嶼ĿʲôĶУ塢塢壬ֱ廨š
ﵰģɶطһµĳһֱһ첻µزµ߲ˬͻᷢ쭡
ǲڼ̳𣿡˿̳ʵǵһȻ֪ʦҲһǺںϵʦ֮ǰҲǺ뿪ɽֻһרעǴûвμӹһӡᡣ
ʦļ֪ʵʦƺӡ̳ľ£˵ǱܵžܣΪʲôǼ̳ʦȫĿʦҲ֪ʦҲǲ֪ģֻһֱܣͬе˱ܾѪѪһ
Դӽ뵽ŹֵĵطʦɫЩ԰ףȻЩʣܺõĿֻȴԹ
ǰطɲǼ̳ڲ磬ǵطöˣµǶ˳֮ǰ˿ڣǶ֣ûء
ûΪܿӶʦõҪĴ𰸡
ȷӡ̳ڲ磬һв磬ЩɢƯʬ壬ڼ̳ڵ
в磬Ƿ淢ֵģʦҲҪҪطɫĴ;ʯǶܣһʼֻз֪֮Ҳ֪ǵ֪ˡ
Ȼ潫ܱصܣ϶ԭ򣬶ʦΪӡ̳Ĵڱȵһά绹ҪԶвڵĶû̽˵δ֪
Ȼδ֪ΣգҲлԵɺ½ȵ뿪ʱ򣬲ǿõӡǴ˷ºպȻйõŵĺô
ʦҪһˣʱȴвܵشʵȻѣҲΪˣŻᱻʦƻɱԶʦʵǼһһҲԲǶĶ֡
⻰ǶʦģԿĳɷ棬ûȫţȻв϶Ƿǳ죬һӹɡ
Ϊ˿̣ǰƮһ߸ʬڿ˵ʱͻȻһ£ȻſǼĴҧ˹
һ൱ͻȻһ˹Ҫˣϧ˶Ǹ֣˿пķٶȼ죬Ǹʬո˹ͱε˿նΡ
ʬˣ˿»գֽʬն˸СƬŰݡ
һָ˿Ʈ˹Ǹʬָ澹Ȼһ͹ŹֵĽָָǴСһĿӲۣͬʯı棬һץסϸ˿
вĺôһ޴żҵܶȤĶЩУ˵бʦ˿˵
ܿŪָһָͬһںһĿռ䣬;޴ƷȻʬöָˣʹһЩƷ
ʹöָҪܿʹ÷һһƷͱӽָȡȡ
ɶôؿܹʵ
Լԣ½ָղѾ鿴ָĶ٣ҴһЩõƷ
ùǺ
˿̻ͷһۿʦһɷףӽв֮ӣĻ˵Ǿǲԭļ£׷ʵĽˣòȷҾǲ֮أҽ뿪ܸоЩһ
ʱ򣬶ʦͻȻʶ˵СӣͻȻһ£ҲǴӷ̳еģв統ȥһǾԵĻܣ˭֪һոմĳĸȡ׶֮ǰҿʦ;죬ˣ͵ǸŹĸһġ
һ㶣Ҫ˵ʦһ󲿷ʱ䶼ףǲòϣԷǳ࣬Ҳ࣬ΪǷĲлҲ̳һַļ䣬Ȼô˵ǿ϶¡
뵽ʦ˿Īļ£ȻǺвйϵĪǷ浱вȥ׶ʦ


һʮ ӡ֮
²ⲢǺ޸ݣʦһȻû˵˼Ȼϸ룬ʦӦòǵǸ׶ӦֻʦĵλҪʦҪߡ
ΪŴԵʣǵһε̳ʦмĿʦŻֵ˵ĽźĪĿ־塣
Ϊȵĵط
ҶʦʦһϹʱڵ֣ܿǺͱʬһԪ֣ʱƣĳɾͽ
Щûи߿ʦ²ʺϡ
Ϊﲢļ̳磬ҪӡͱҪ뿪ļ̳磬ڴ֮ǰҪʱ䣬һѰҵԴͳȥĴˮһ£Ǿ뷨ӵõܶĺô
ǸղһöԴĽָвռ䵱дʬ壬ʬϾпҵö벻ıȻΣҲУ֮ͬǰĸʬвռƺĳ컯һͻȻˡ
ͷжɣ̫ˣǱץʱ䣡Ȼ˶ߣҪ˵ʵʦһһǿԼһ
Ҫȥ̽ǻϲϲĴӦˣһԾԾԣʦһ侲˵ͷ̧һץֱ׭
Ǵͷ㲻ǷʦҲԼ֮󣬻Ὣ崫͵ͬߣôҲʧɢʦȫһŷ׭պãǷɢ̽鿴ܲҵʲô
Χʬ忴ȥʮͨǸֵͼģûʲôֵռĶǳһߣΧŹҺĸоƮƮģ˫һƶԶľ롣
ܿ죬뿪ĿʦҲӰǰһʬ壬ǿ˹ȥ
Ѿ֪˶ãѾû˿һͻữɷɻңװʬҲǳ˿ݹǣûκõĶϰپ߸ʬ˲ңȻһȻҪ̵һЩôôףոܵõǸָѾˡ
ţԼ϶ҵö
ôѰңڣǰ⣬һʬ塣
ʬ壬ǳ޴ٲ֮ǰġšӴǰצһƯոտ֪Լ϶ҵˡ
Ϊʲôô˵ΪʬΧʬȫֱһоĿֲ״һЩʬƯʱ򣬿ԿһЩֻԶľȥһԻߴʬ壬ҪôͱĸӸԣҪôֱӻɷɻɢ
ʣһ˺͸ղǸʬһĹʬ컯ˣһ˵ʬϲкö
ǼʬӣʬȻǳĲһ嶼ƮƮޱȵӣʬȴһֺأϸһ͹𣬷ǳɫͬˮһֳһְɫԽǿ࣬·ļһļ̾Խ󣬸һּΪĸо
壬˽⣬ǶʦҲ˵һոȴóֱӽٻʬʲôͷ
һǼĽ
ǵڶ尡ѾˣӵзǳѪͳˣ˵ԵõѪͳʱĸ֣ҲܰԸʬ壬Ǽ״Σں¶Ըʬ壬ȥˡ
⻰иеˣĲ˵һʬǱ޵ʵǲԼҲʵ
мƽˣϣܸоʬɢĿֲѹǱŻҪǿϢ
ȡ˼ʬȻһ˼߿ȥΪǿͽʵʬ壬Կʬ棬˲Ͷ˼η¡
һЩʬͳʬȥʱԭͬȻһһһ£ʬͱʬȻקȥյˡ
ȻվڶԷĹΧ֮⣬ϸ۲壬ڷֶԷĹʽ֮Ƿֱ̽ӳȥͷų˿УЩĴոһͱжϣգ֮䣬ʮֱ˿жϣɥʧ˹
գ֮䣬ͳ嵽˽ǰϴ߶˿Уͬø˿иһһ㣬Ƭ֮䣬ӴͱһΪп
ȥɣ̷ųޣȻ˳ȥֱпʬ룬һһĶڲ䶯ӷǳʻԿʵѪҺ
޿ⶫȻǷһʵ˻ٶһֱӽǻ䶯Ѫһ§סһ£Ȼ޾Ϳʼ鴤ԭ徹Ȼʼڶ̶һԭֻʮ׵ֱ˽ףЩʬҲǱһһô־̳ԡ͵ӣ޵ϢҲǳɱϸо˲ŵϢ
Ϣȶ˿޵ϣҲЩŹֵļɫҲࡣ
Ǻ潫ʬ嶼̵޻кֱ仯һ䣺ôˣ
ˣţѾ㹻ʵһսǻش൱ɴ࣬仰ֵ֪ˡ
ʲôĴڣžҪԼ޸߳ü𣬵Ǵ˿ֲ̣౻˲ôһʬ͸Լһ߼£ô׬⡣
ǽĴѰٶּӿһЩȻЩ컯ʬ壬ҲмΪǿģһ˿нһ컯ʬг֮󣬶ԷȻɿԽӦѸٶ㿪˹
һξ˿ҲܵģѰļսƷҲйŹֵΣԼȹȨȣһƿд
ƿдΪȤ˵ǹˣ֮Կһǲƿкˮһָͬ׸ǴСĴȥһʵϣġ
һ־ƿкﶼǻŵģʵڵģͬһ΢磬ֻҪԸ⣬߿Խһоһ֣֮ǴϣȻиָΪΡ
ⶫȻһС͵
ȷǷǳһȻʱûʲôãǽǰûͿһڿеĺɫ;ʯ


һʮ ӡ֮ģ
ҵˣ˵ֻҪҵֺɫĴ;ʯôǾͿͨ뿪в硣
ͷųһ˿ʶ帽ɫ;ʯϣһʧҲͨһϵҵ
ʱʦҵһЩʲôһһ߶Է󣬶ʦȻǷǳм
֪вʬ嶼ǰ̳ӡĵùȻӡģϾͻӡƬǲӦҵĶռӡƬ٣ǶƣռԽƬӡԽǽӽӡõĺôҲԽ࣡ʦ˿˵˼ԣ˵ռӡƬʵѾ㹻һӡϾԼʦõƬ˲Ļ
ֻӡɢƬȻкܶҵƬӡӡɶȶܴﵽֵռƬʵϾͿǿһӡȻӡиƬͿɡĳɣɵӡǸʱӡܴǿʱ䣬õĺôҲԽࡣ
Ǽӿ̽Ḷ́һǿ컯ʬ˰ڶԷһӡ
ǸӷǳرͬĳƤʣֳһʵ͸У͸ӵƤԿװɢ΢ӡƬ
ûǰȥᣬΪ컯ʬǳǿ
Էٴﵽĳ̶ȣ⻹Ϊʬֻ£ûǻۣĻ
ֶ֣ȻҪԶԣܲòãϾĿǰǿֶΣһֻ֮ʹεΣöԼܲˡһֻջԲʩչ˫֣˿к컯ʬ弤սһ
컯ʬʮ׸ߣƤ죬泤ˮһ͹𣬹ͷʱϵˮͻᷢ⣬ϸһˣΪֶԷЩ͹ˮȻҲӡƬ
컯ʬҲѾȺʦҲ˵һֻвŴڡ
Ҫ˵ʲô˿жпĶӡƬԾ֮һƬ̫Ӳˣ϶ӡƬ컯ʬȻҲӵзǳǿķս˰죬ڶԷ˼ǳк֮⣬ȻûشԷ
컯ʬĹҲ˫ֻ⣬˵˫ƾУʱ˭κβ˭
һ̽гǿޣǣȻ޷п컯ʬ壬ǾסԷöԷ޷
޴һ֣Ƿֳϰٸ׳Ĵͬһ㽫컯ʬ˸ʵʵ޵ĴֿԼѣԷٴҲܶʱѣ߶壬ٷ֮һپʮţⱩǵ£ȭȥͬڵһֻصһ죬һȭͽʵʵĴ컯ʬؿڡ
һȭĿǰܷǿȭֱ֮Խ־ʯ飬ǿĳɢֱӽʮ׷Χڵʬ嶼˸飬컯˵ҲǱ𿪡
ٿ컯ʬ壬˲ֹͣ޴˿̱鲼ѺۣһȭҴģ֮ǰ컯ʬؿڿǶԷ㣬Բų֣û뵽Ȼһɹ
ָԭ״̸оһƣ룬ɴ˿ɼղһĿֲ
һ̣컯ʬ忪ʼ飬ԭ˲֪꣬Ϊв罫ʬ컯ͺͨʬһһ顣
Ȼ飬ɳӡƬȴ𣬾ǻɿеĲˮУɿˣȴ
˿̾컯ʬҵӡƬǧ飬СôСҲָСȤʬĹȻҲӡƬɵģʵ⾿ʲô塣
ʬҵӡƬȣԷ䲼ƬҪ࣬⾹ȻҲһƬ飬һٴյӡƬﵽһµĸ߶ȣԼĿǰյӡƬٿԴﵽϡ
ʱ䣬ҲҵһЩӡƬȻͬʦ˵ģв統һ⣬ȻҲΣգڵ̶ֳȵвϱϵʬ壬ûκη֮
ʱһ죬ʦʱˣӡ̳ӦѾˣҪ̳磬õʱ
÷׭絽ʦҵĺɫ;ʯԱ߻ϡ
һԻЩδŪ˲ٺöϴŻڵĶǶƴŪһͬϷһһ̵ġ
ûֿ˿ʦҲȻ󶪹һöָ
ռӡƬȻ࣬ϵóʦɫȻüлǲһ˿ûɫ
Ȼһ˵ʱһЩ飬ֻȻʦû˵ҲȥʡɿԸоʦƺĳֱ仯ܵ˵ǾǱǰƸǿࡣ
˵ǶʦҲͬĸо
֮ǰȷģҹҵһһЩˣʵھѾҪǿһЩҪ֪һǰأ
Ҳָо漰ʦ˽£Ҳö죬Ȼʦ̳ʦʶĳֽǶ˵ֺγʦõ˿ʦļ䣬ʵϾһˣ漰ʦ飬ҲӰ쵽ʦ
߰ɣ
һ̣նʦ̵طǺɫĴ;ʯ
˲䣬˾뿪˼в磬صǣ˿̾޴ӡ̳ΧĴ;ʯѾӺɫɫΧѾǿһˣȻѾ˼̳磬ѡһɫ;ʯһδͣʹﵽһƬﻨСɽͷ
˵ʵ̳ʲôӣû뵽ͬ
ԶɽСϪˮһ޼ʣвɢоգһһΪѤ⣬ȾһƬʺλ֮ɫ
Ǽ̳磿˵ǵĵͷһѾӽǿ۽糤ʶı飬һԽС
˵ʵͼвֱúɾˡ
Сģˣʱ򣬿ʦ̧ͷһͬʱԶٷɹһ͹ŹֵĽ壬ʮ׳ͬһſɡһ
ҲǾǿûʲôѣĶǵˡ
ȻǷɴʮӰǽ塢塢ĴѾֻṩϢкôȥ壡


һʮһ ӡ֮壩
ʮӰһ۷ȥһ˹Ǵǣסˡ
ͨ籨ţûţ״һԾ𣬻ӶǸһ¾ͽƯķɴ˸ϡãЩԲ״Ҳ֪˵ǺŸۿĴΧ¶Դ룬Ͳçײˡ
ϧûкҩǷĿɿڴĿǵķɴ򱬣Ȼһһͬɱֻ˼ʡ
ܿͽԷ֪Ķ˳Ĵ뵽̳󣬾ǻɱ׽ṩ鱨ԻüĽһǶϾܴڵͬˣֻҲ俭˼棬ȻǴӦ̺ޣ꼰㣬Ҳбβͷʦһ˼
ֻּõģܲΨʦǴӣʦ˵ʲôʲôж
ͺ֮ǰԤϵһĴһƣָѹ;޶£϶˰ǣⲻæһ˷ǿ϶֪ͨĴ塣˵ֱ꣬ӳʵ˵ûһô뿪üβҲΪӡҿ϶Ҫõӡԡ
˼ףԼ߲κλرܽӡøԷʦԼȻû߿Ҫ˵һ˵ֻû뵽һֱӳȻޱҲǽѣǸ˵ĻҪ˵ġ
һںĴʲôëŪǣСʲôҶ£ʦұͽܿеˡ
ʦЦЦûҲǹһЦ¾ͺã˲ϲǷ飬Ժ鷳Ƕ鷳ȫ
òţʲôЦ˭£õңһ԰ƺʦǰŪǶôԺһ£ղ˵⻰ʦЦˣһĹԽ˵
ʦһ˵ӡ̳ҲкܶƬɢ䣬̳ҲԴΪĿ꣬Ʊػһ֮ǰѾռ㹻ƬҪͱһƬֱֱ̳ĵȥӡ
ֻӡĵطǸƼĵطЩǧָȥռƬֻǵȱӡᣬԵʱⲻһսÿһƿӡģȫǸĸ֣ƿعʦҲõ콢ҲֱõӡЩѾ˴˵һõӡĴڣʵıǣܿߵĲΣѡƽһεõӡģǹλĽн콢ĵؽؽõӡ֮Ҳʧ٣Ĺ嶼֪ȥʲôطȻõӡͿԳΪһĴһӹɵġ
ӡʲôʦȴǴûи߹ÿѡĬҪôϹ˵һ֪Է˵ҲʣһҪõӡʱԼ֪ˡ
ڷѾﵽ˶ʦҲȲϣϾﻹһʦõʦڷ׭֮ļ졣
˿У˫֣бҪԽʵ֡šٻٻŮʬǿԱƴ˵ڵʵѾﵽʷĶ壬ԪҲûǿҪ˵ȼڵʵѾﵽ˰˼۷塣
ټϿʦĲ¶Է
ߣֱȥ̳ӡ˵ʱûˣ

̳ǳ޴Ѿ͵죬һƬλãһ޴ޱȵĻɽ
ƬΪӡĵطڻɽڳһ޴ƽ̨ɾ޴ʯɣƽֱ̨Ӻҽֱ׵ƽ̨ж͹ӵĵһʮֲƽ̨ܡ
ÿһ߳ʮףԵüΪ׳ۺʹʮһֳĻɽڣһֶֻƿλá
˿ƽ̨ΧѾмӰ
Ϊ޴ģ͵˿ӴĽչֳò˵ʵ̫޴ˣɢѹ
ΧлƯһ޴ͬצһ壬ԱȡšҪ޴ΪġĿǰǿߣҲΨһĴϣҲԶԶȲĵʵҪ١
ڵϣһ̵վƽ̨Աߣϵױ˺ȥǼ᲻ɴݣڿΧԩε޷׵ʣǿߡԱм壬Ϳս齫ҲڣǰվһҪһͷˣһɫȫɵͬʵʡ
֮⣬ԶУһʮףͷϳǣðŻĹⲻߴĳԱʵȴһ㶼ȡġԼǿԨΨһĴߣƽʱ˿ΪӡҲǴԨ˳
Щǿ֮⣬һЩʵǿߣȻЩǿߵУʵǿ
ǹλĽеһλ۴ӵԼλϣҪϣҪߣʵǲ˵ûܵкܶѾ²⣬һջӡģ·Īˡ
ȻˣĻҪǵòӡҲҪõһЩôЩôԽǸԵʵȥһεõӡģˡ
˵һͨһСҪһףҰץǸϣ㽫ӡøңΣԶںеǸԨ˿Цͬҹǳˡ
ߣӡ˷־ڱصã˭˭ǵˣԨҴߣץǸϣҿԴӦӡ㿪һ磬ԨֻԻͣӡ㻹ǱˣǲּȾָġĻܿ񣬵û˸ҳʵ̫ǿˣЩʵϴûеõӡȻҲ֪ӡʲôܾӡǴԣõӡĴҲû͸¶ֻƬӡǸһĪĸо
ͬһεõӡǵؽϵǳܣ֪һЩӡҲǲܡ
ĻԨЩĶȻ֪޷棬ȻΪ٣Ͼв࣬Ҳ֪ԼõӡĿԲ󣬶ֻҪһԿһ£ԼԨ壬ôԼȺĵߣ˵һξͿᵽӡ


һʮ ӡ֮
סĳŵҺܿͻ㣡
ǸԨ徭ܲסջ󣬻һɢŻǺ̵ĺӰߣܴΪԨҴߣ֪֮Ҳܻڡ˵û˿ΧĶǸĶ֣Լ˶һܶԸ͸˵ˣȻˣŵһ±׼ΪȥץһϣҪȺӡҪ׵Ķࡣ
Ԩ뿪ִ˳һǳ⼸ĸ˵ġ
أǴ뱾һǰץ
ȻѾʼӡĲֵУֻ֪̳Ὺһµʱ䣬֮󲻹ûǰӡ̳綼رգ˶ᱻǿƴͳȥ˵˭㹻ӡƬһᣬһμ̳ǧȥҲһʱ䡣
Ϊ⵱еĵŻһʼ͵Խ޵е̬֣ŵĺôһǸԼһƣһӡĪĴƣ֮ҪȡӡĿԾͻܶ࣬ٿúܶ˼ɵﶯҡԼͷ
ֻӴ飬˵ӡҪӡ֮Ҫɱǲʲô
Ļ徹Ȼû˵Ȼˮ㣬̬ǾͲὫ˵ԺлתأϾֻҪһ˿ϣ˭ϣõӡ
ܿ˵˼һЦ㲻˵ֻǰĵȴڴ֮ǰѾϰƤūͷųڻɽܡеıƤˣƾԷͬСɣ˶Ƥūǰ齫ĸֶԵС
λҲȰɣƬӦöֻ̳࣬һ£Ѿȥһ죬Ҫȵ죬ЩռƬ˲ŻǸʱĴսֻҪĵȴͺˣٶʮǳƽһߣġġ˿̳˵ʵҲֻǱһѣȻҲеƣʱ˭ʤ˭в֪֮ҲŹһλᡣ
ȻҲ֪˵ûϢʱ뿪ûõԨ徹Ȼַɻˣֻ뿪ʱ綦ͬǣƺӣʧǵӡ
ϸһԿΧЩŨ̹ĺ˺ܶ࣬ͷϵļҲǲ֪ʲôնϣһľ֡
ġ齫ڤﶼһ㶣ǾͷԨ׷ʲôϸһȻһβ壬
˿ͬһ⣬ٷУһ׷һͣ£ֱܣҲŪ㣡
˶ĿɿڴʵԨӦûҪβŶԣôᱻ׷ͬɥ֮Ȯܿ죬Ǿ֪ôˡ
󣬻ˣһɽʦһǵĹ
˵塢塢;嶼йڣ͹壬ĳԹֱǲ죬˿̿̾Ҫ֡
ϰƤҲ֣ս״̬
ǿˣǸʦҲһڵϢҶо˾£õʲôôôͻȻôԶԼŶаţʵǰʦ޼ڣȴǸоԷҪǿ̫࣬ҲֲԨᱻ⸱УһˣȷԶ˵Ķ֡
ߣԼǾ͹ֲñˣе˿̷һߣ¾޴ѹͬʱƤһ𣬽ΧסһҲһΧ˹ȥǶԸɺܼ򵥣ǺȷжԹ⣬Ū̵ܴôֲΪ
Ȼǿ΢û˰ǣҲ
˵ˣǰնʦ˵ķٷУҪڵһʱϵĻɽӡڰ·ǸԨ塣
ԷֱӾͶ֣ǱһΧ˸ҲԨʵ̾ӣں׷Բ֮ǰһĻ
ǵ׷һҲˣֱ޵һ尡˵ЩʵǿһͿĸ֣˵ϰ޾ƤҲ㹻˴ֲͷƤˡ
ﵰе㲻ԣʱҲˣȻ񣬵ɵڵ൱ĲͷӴĵˣǾɹҲܴù˵ǣԼҲܺԣҪȻҲֶˣΨҶֱɱ˶ȡӡͺˡ
Ǿ͸ˡ
˵ʵ֮ǰƺԤĻҪأȻͿʦΪڼв˺ܶ࣬ܲܺ˶ĵ˶Եлһδ֪ҾǻЩˣ滹иĸ֣һԿӡ
ò˵Ѿ䵽ƣͬ˾һ飬û㹻׼൱ı
£ڣƴһսһԿʦһɨȻû˸ҺӣӼв֮󣬿ʦĿһԼƸǿͬµĵһһߵһȺ͵ȵһ
˿̿ʦľָо
ЦЦʦ˵ûûƾӰͲԵȣȻԷҪսǾսԼпʦŮʬޣڶ೬ǿֶΣʱ¹˭ֻȷء
ѾսͺǰѧʱȺһԷ˶࣬ǾʹסһһȻеܵӰ죬٣ҲܴƣһǾпӮ
ͲţЩΪעԼսǵдǴŻˮֻ̬ҪݣܽԷˡ
˭˭ֶ̧׭Լ˼ӳַ׭ͬʱٻŮʬ˫֣ʦҲһͷ˫Ƿ⣬˵˲ʮҲһѳͬˮɱڡ
˵˭͵˭һı顣
ɱ
һ¾ҪһսʱٵȻӿ£Ȼǰ
ﵰ˵ɱɱϼҿ˭Ҷ˭Ū˭һףëǿ׳ޱֳһβ˿̰ͦվǰ棬һ֣ڶ׼ֵһ¶˾֮ɫ
βĴճϣ˵Ƣ꣬һԲϾʹ֣˿ûʣĲ鷳ʵǿ˼ӣ㿴ҹŪ㣡Сʾͬ飬͸һ˿ԥ


һʮ ӡ֮ߣ
ɵҲܿβǴˣҪȻʱͻȻ
ֻˣôڶԶ٣βѡǣǾͲˣβܲߴʵǿģȴǵģսǽİ취ֻһ֣ǾǱ
βڲҲȭͷ˵βһʢ壬˿̳ͦʣҲΪֱӣϲӣһ֣Ǿ;ûлء
Թβ˴˿̶еӣȴ˼Ͼ󲿷ʵԩ޳ֻΪͲųֵġ
˵Щͨ壬;ִ壬˿Ҳԥ
һƣǴӿнʮףеʼŹâ˲Σ˼㣬ȻǴԶˡĽϣӵͬͬʱ𣬾βҲԲ
β壬ûҪ˻ˮɱҹǲĳУұȻҪɱ֪ΪվһǴǵ뿪¾͵ûĪΪβ𣿡
˿죬һ䣬βҲܵ˾޴ѹҲԥϾжԻ̫ðգҲβӣȻβϵ¶Ǳӣǲǲ֪ˡ
ǺëĴճϻ˵ʲôëϺͺëϼæסҲͬ£ָ˵ʲô
Ϳʦһ䣬Ľȥ͸鷳ˣβæǻʤ㡣
ʱǱǿڤʿ˿ȴ˵ˣ˵һ䲻˵Ļ
˵Ĳβ廹СӰιǵë
˿ᵽһ仰һĶ־һѣڤʿҲ̫û˰ɣڹô˵ֻⲻǱβҪ֪Щë˵Ҫһ£һ´ǣüŭǣЩβӣһ̨ǵġ㵹ãԿ϶β嶨Ȼưոݣһڽûӵڤʿˡ
ͬԤϵһβ屾뿪˻ˮһ⻰ȫ屩ŭëͺëҲըˡ
ҸɣְߣȻȻǻܶϵҪƤôǵë
˵ôϻʲôֱ
ԣ
βĳϴ˿̶ˣǺëĴճϸ°ӣֱӳڤʿ˹ȥӾȥ
ճٶȼ죬׾ֱ˲ƹȥģһͬһ㣬˭Ҳû뵽˵ʹڤʿ˵ʲôԴѾǰһ£޴ĳֱӲ˿ֲ
һ죬Χڶ嶼ǲҽķɣٿճһ⣬ڤʿǱ棬ԴϵĿ׶ˣϾĵһ֣ǱճϴУҲֻˡ
ڴԴộڤʿŭ
壬βսͰȺëȫɱһڤʿҲǱ𣬴˿̾ȻҪս
ޣһȺڹ˿ǻүүңճЦǼƲ˴Ҳ԰
һ֪ԶԶġЦս˭Ҳͣ£˭˭
еֱҪˣⶼǸʲôǶԸôβȴˣҿҪȫսԼļƻ൱
ֻҲûУ¶ģҲйأԼߵѣȻβɱԼҪæġ
βĲöԸһڲҪսӣ붼ͷƤ顣
ˣҲҪ̬
ưƤ˽βҲΧȻλβ幫Ȼԣֻһɱ塢壬壬ȻԵõ޾ĺô
Ȼֿʼ£ѣϾһ֣Ǳ߶һβ壬Ҳмʤ㣬ռ˾Եơ
ɾʱоȻǧӰǧӰȫֳַۣɽķʦ
ʮʦͷһǽһɿֲޱȵѹֳ
ʦ
ߴĴڣΪߴһǿߣܵУǹ콢ڷҲǰһͷ
ټϷķ˫˵ʦҪߣԲǣҲǵ̫ͣҲ˷ʦߴеλȻƽʱеķʦ뿪ɽǣֻӡŻ档
˿ǧʦһֳ֣һƬӶµβҲһȻǺǺĶڶʦȻʦȻģβ滹Ƿ㲦ģǿǹϵϵõĲˣ
µģ˭֪
˿ڶʦһ̸֣оЩʦ²ܣƵᣬ˿ͻȻֿ϶ǰԼ
Ȼڶʦ˿վǱߣһβͷʦǱѾûƣԺĴƾˡ
ǷʦԵֵ塢;ˣûӣʦж˭˵ߴһΪɵǣǺʾǷʦ
ֻϢҲ൱֪ͨɽǸɵ飬˵Էɱɽǵʦͷʦд𣬿ΪʲôЩʦҪ
ɻ䣬ͼڶʦǰһʦڰֵ֪д𣬵ܿɽĴߣǲԸ¾ʹգִ⶯֣ɽҲԸֶΡ
һ仰ͽ˵ˣҲ˵ԸݣԺ˵㲻Ըⲻӣֻơ
ֻһβ壬Ȼ鷳аӮټϷʦ൱Ĳˡ
һʮʦҪԸԼҲƣʱִ⶯֣ԻԴ
εȾҲʱƣ׽ûӶԸˡˣӡҲҪõģҪԸ⡣
뵽һЦȻǳ˰ˡ
ãɽķʦڣԺ˵ӡᣬҲ֣˭ռ㹻ƬҶȨȥᣬһǷʦ͹ܲ˰ɣ
Ц˵ӵмΪӴĴԣԷܶණ;йŹֻ֣һֽǾ㹻Ƭӡ
Եʱ򣬻Ҫᣬʱٽʽɱ˭˵ʲô
һʯһã뵽ĺС


һʮ ӡ֮ˣ
ӡһģеʱ֣˲أļΣǰһǾߵ֮
ӡĹУǲ˵ˣһЭ飬˶˵һ֮⣬ȻôƬ˽Ƭƽ̨ȻҲҪռƬȥȵӡ֮󣬲Żᣬ˭ӡӡ͹˭
ǲĵĹء
ӡõƬṩǿվǰλãƬĶλãƬ߸ɴûƬģȻվΧ
˵ľء
˿ɳ𺳵Уȫû뵽β֮ɽķʦȻҲվԼһߣһ¾ͱƵûӶˣ棬ǿʦҲЩ˼顣
ߵҲ٣һԹЦȫһûӵģ
Ϳʦһۣ̾ʹӱ˴пԵɡ
϶ΪΪǷĴˣԲŻǣаô˵ⶼһĺ£һôͳùϾ;϶ٲˣ漰ʦβ壬һСľͿܵǣϸ붼ǵòʧΨһԼĵģʣ壬ϾԼɵǵʥ棬Ǵ
սʱϢģڶ˻ȥҲӼʦ֪ĹأҶЭ飬ҵƬŵƽ̨ϣ֮ӡ֮ٽᣬƾ£Ȼûй׳ӡƬģǲܲģͻᱻȺ֮
ȻҪչҾɣе˿һĽϷƬ䵽˻ɽڵǸƽ̨ϡ
ռӡƬһǧ˰ٿţСУ˭ռһƬͿվǰ棡˿̴ӽϷһ⣬󻯳һƯڿеΣٽӲףȻξӡĻϾıʵ̫Ժٶϲռơ
Ҳڤʿ˿ҲǻһƬӡƬƽ̨ϣռƬûֻ࣬ǧٿš
Ȼô˵ڤʿһ⣬ΪԼȻ޷ȣƬҲŵڶˣڤʿҲеƣһڶʱڼ߷ٶȵֶΣʱԼڶδûеõӡĻᣬһõӡȻҪپһ˵ûеõӡڤʿҲҪһЩôϾԺǿ϶ҪԸ
ⲻ֪ͽڤʿ˰׳գ֮ǰԷԲһ˵ЩβҲᱻŭ˵ʱͿԳƸɵûлˣͽڤʿˡ
ҲǷ׷ӦԵõƬõƽ̨ϣôڣҲ˻ᵷ߲ذ£˶ȨΧǿͬҲô
ķų˲ǧӡƬľ͸ˣǱߣȻֻóöȻֻҪóƬʸμӡᣬϸ˵Ҳлġ
С壬е˳ƬеһҧƬ׼ǿܲٷ֮һǧ֮һ¶ĻᣬǶͽӡûûб˶֮ǰǶлᡣ
βҲǶһЩƬֻͬ࣬мöϾӡƬҪռףеֻиλ
ʦֻͬмʦٸƬƬĻ϶Ͷȥˣڻɽƽ̨ϵӡƬһŹֵƯɢѤĹâ
𣿡˿˵Ǹηǿȷһӡ̳ǿֶǵˣӡͶԷûйϵˣҲ⣬ûƬôûʸӡ෴УôһξöԷѪӡʮİա
ҲڿȻһλֶԷ϶ӡƬֻǶٵˡ
ʱһʦƬǲμһᣬΪÿһӡֻ̳һӡŴƬһλᣬֻһʹãһ¾Ǽǧȥ˭Ȳ
ʵмƽϣʦǺģԼԿлԷߵǰ棬һ·߹壬߹ĺڤʿߵǰ档
վסߵǰ棬ĪΪռƬȱ𣿡˿ʵ˵Ǻ֮ǣƫƫû֣ΪԼ϶վǰ棬Կŭʵ
ûǰȻ̧һӣʱͬٲһӡƬбոջ˵ʲôǱƬâεۡ
֮󣬱һš
ҪԷ˵֪ռƬԶԶ֮ϣĿ⣬ٳƬһ߰׸ߣǵԺʮأֲ̫ˡϾȴЦ
̫ˣ΢һͽеƬóˣã̫ˣ֮ǰͷﶨȻдƬ򲻿ֱɽƽ̨ڿȻûӡֻҪռɵƬͿԣһˣǾѾռɵƬټǵģһռƬԳɣ߳ɶпܣԶʱڣǶûôߴȵӡһ׬ˣм϶ӡõӡĵȼԽԽãʱռƬԼܽ
кγǺһģǵ۾Ҳֱˣǳ׵̰ʣһӡǵȼǳߵģ˭õ˭̥ǣ˭۲һЩͼ壬˿ҲһԾԾԣĺܼ򵥣ǶĲһõӡǾͿԷ֦ͷˣӴƽơ
ҿǴ˶˲ŪôƬģҲ̫ˣ˿̵Ӻ˵Ƚ˽ЩƬ󲿷ֻǴŪģƾͨռ²ŪôƬ
ڵѾǳˣֻҪϹӾܿһӡƬ࣬չ϶վǰ棬ҳپ룬Ȼһɽƽ̨ӡ֮ơ
ֻ˸ֶûʩչǵȵӡֵ˲䣬ͻȫʩչʱͿ˭ֶθˡ
ɽƽ̨õ㹻ӰƬɢԽԽŨҵĹâ˿ԭƽĻɽڣ˿ҲͻȻŰ𶯣ɽӿλڻɽڵƽ̨ϵĵ񣬸ǻɢâŻɽڵǿʼΪĻɽңΪֲĻƽ̨ĴӡƬͬһ޴¯


һʮ ӡ֮ţ
ʱȵĻ潫ƽ̨ǻ浱Ǳһ޴ޱȵ¯ģĵĻѾɫ棬ǰɫɫֻǳȺɫĻ棬ԽĵĻ¶Խߣֲֿ¶£ӡƬҲǿʼڻΪһ塣
һ̣˶סƽ̨ȴĽҲһԣ۾ƽ̨˵ֻҪϨ¶ӡͻȥᣬʲôһεӡҪõ
ûע⵽ı˿̾ڻɽϿ¿İϷȻᣬôԼıͷȻԲ룬Ǳȱ˶һݱաȻ˭ҪӡĻϨſԣ򼴱壬ǻҲ϶ᱻո⣬ǻֲĻ棬᲻ɴݵӡƬͲ˵ˡ
һԱڻˣȻٶȵƿٿȡӡߣһ˾벻ұոռڻ𣬾ԲֵܵģһͿԸҵķȡ㹻ʱ䣬ҲǷ棬ֻҪõӡ˭˵ʲô˿Ѿⶨļƻ˵ΨһĳٶȣĸѾڳ߶׼ɵڻֻҪӡɾ̿
̴ž죬ȻҲԼ̡ڤʿ˿͵͵ȡһ鼫ΪӣɢŹŹĿƬȻַļеУԶҲƮӴƺʲôʽĶ
˶ڵȣڸ׼׼ڻɽƽ̨Ǿ޴Ļ¯ɢȥӡ
ǰһεĻᣬԲܴСҲҪȥԡ
ɽ˿Ҳǵضɽҡ˵ĿⶼڿǰĻ¯ЩӡƬ
˿еӡƬڿֲĻɽڻһεδСһľҺ壬ЩҺľۺһڼʱǾ޴ޱȵҺڻĴС
ͬʱ̳նһһϵƴǾ޴¯ɢڶĴʦҲЩľ
֪ӡȻＸû֪ӡʲôãǹƾϵ˴ߡ
Ǿ޴Ļ¯Ҳǳȣ˿Ҳһ׼Ϊӡ˵Ҳ൱Ҫ¹ܷٻصԪ磬ԽζҪӡŪ֣ϧһдۡ
ʱ򣬶ʦͻȻʶ˵˵ûа㣬һӡ̳֮ȥᡣ
ʲôһ㶣ЩţֻҪɵӶܸоǻ¯ĿֲֻֻҪԽո⣬ǾԲĶҲʹһЩʦǣӡĻǳ⣬Բɣǹ;ɵҲԵֵֻ棬Դӹ񣬶ǵȴɢȥûΣ֮˲Żǰ
ڶʦȻ˵Լӡɵ˲ȥⲻԼȥô
Ȼ֪ʦ׵ֵزȻô˵Ϳ϶ô˵ĵ˿ͻȻ뵽ʦҲִƹӡҪ˵ӡΪ˽ĻǶʦ
뵽Ǽһ¡
ȥȻģǰһƣҲòˡʦƺ˼˿˵һͰ˵ԭҲú˵֪ΪʲôӹŵӡϢǴţûȷʵ֤֤ӡãԭģֻ˵㰴˵İ취԰ٷְƿӡܵõĺôҰٷְˣȻһЩģҲẦ㣡
룬ǵ˵ͷͬʦ˵ģȷûбҪԼҲȵȫɢȥȻᣬԼõӡİȻУԲô෴ΧôǿᣬҲȻеƣ˵ѾԷıԷǳٶ½ȻʱȻͻȻԼٶٿ죬ҲܿЩڡ
Լӡɻûɢȥյ֣վǰٷ֮ˣΪȷû˸ʱ֣Ϊ˭ɵǻһͷɻ˭
뵽׼ƽ̨һͻȻ˾ԷӦ
ʱһһĹȥյ죬Ѿﵽ߷壬˿˶ɵ˼Ϊʵ̫ˣȾǸڳҲϢܶʵõǲϺ󳷡
ھ޴Ļ¯УƬӡƬҺѾʼᣬһƴСƣǹ㣬ÿһǹƺһƬϵƺɲ⣬䵽ûоͷ
ˣϾͺˣ˿ҲǼ˵ǿߣӡҲǷǳõӡĺô̫࣬ĵؽ͸߹ζҪõӡ֮ͳʧǲ֪ؽڡ
Ȼӡ磬ûеõӡôʼղ֪ӡʲôر֮Ҳӡڡ
˶׼˫۾Ż¯еӡȴɣȴɢȥ
Ƭ֮Ѿ͵ӰɢһֲâһҺ̬Ǳľʯʵأôƽ̨룬˿ʢһʱĻ¯Ǽʮͻɢ
Ҳ˵ʮ֮Ϳʽӡᡣ
ʱվǰͻȻˣٶȼĳûȼĻ棬һ˶һ㶡
ǵһӦˣǲ֪Ҳܸܵʱȥֻ𺣣ҲϣֻһմȾǲչǾԲϨģ˭ȥ˭
һ̣˾Ϳϲ⵱Ϊͷ࡯һĳȥһ㶣ǴϲЩûЦ
Լӡûʧ֮ǰ͸ȥòԺɱˣۿɻ𣬻Ҳһ飡ЦŰ
Ҳһ޴̰ĵͬʱҲǴۿΪ޴Ƿǳ˷ܡ
˻ϲǣĶǴһֻ̫ͻȻʱжҲˡ
βڶʦҲһŴһ仰û˵
һ̣ʦ̴߶һԥϵ߶֮Ҳ뻹ûȼӡ¯С
ֻ˲䣬ͱֲӡճ˷ɻңһĻʦ۾ɵĴģһ˲ˣҲ̱ϣֱĴȣЦ˳
ϧǸЦͿһɺӡƵĻһ澹ȻǻһΣ˲嵽ӡԣһѽӡС


һʮ 
һ˳ȥӡץһĻ˶ˡ
ڤʿҲ𺳣˭û뵽Ȼ˹һĻӡҵĻ棬ӡ⣬ʲôᱻճɷɻңô˿סӡӰ˭
Ȼ
նʦ˵ǰȥ˲߶Ȼӡ浱Уһ˲䣬Ȼ˸⣬û
Ϊʱ˼ΪŹֵ飬ʶ徹ȻĻ浱Уһ·ȻԵӡĿֲˣֻ澹Ȼǿ໥ںϣͷ·һ塣
˵ʱʱ죬ʶγɵѾץӡһ˲䣬оΧһƺֹˡ
ⲢĴʵģһоֹ֮󣬾ûˣǹһļžҲǱȼձŷ̬һԿԶЩϵıҲǾֹΪЦ
ԶȥԿʦذֱȻҲǾֹԿóıʹԿʦ˽⣬ʲôԴӦԣǺʦں֮侲͵ȻǸһ¥˿ȴǳױȻΪԼԲŻˡ
뵽Ҳмſ죬һŭĭӶԶ˿̿Ŀ죬һеһжǾֹģеĶ˲䱻סһ
Ψһܶģֳӡ
ڳɹˣ˲𣬵˲𣡡ʱʦȻΪһ壬Զ˼άȻҲԡ
⾿ô£̳ʵȻܽʵֻжʦ
ѾӡЩͲˣӡͿ֪һУʦû֮ǰֵɵ˿̶һΪӦ
ǰնʦ˵ģʼ̽еӡ˿ӡ֣ԼʶȻԽС
ܿ죬˺ܶණȹĿǰѾ֪ôˡ
˭õӡ˭֪ӡʲôΪõӡˣѾ˴һĴڣӴٲûеõӡˣֻڿв²⡣
˿̣õӡ֪ӡļֵ
ʣһƹһʱ䣬һǿռ䡣
ܿҵһ統һ磬еﶼĴڣôǲ֪ĹɣұҪĹ¡
ӡǿԲٿصԵĶһý飬˵ƿӡ֮ܡ
Ȼˣһ㣬ϸ˵ֻӡ롮ơĺԶ
ӡ׽ɱǲһ˿ۼڼǵõӡҲ޷һ㣬ﲻЩҪ󣬻˵Ȩ޲
Ŀǰ˵Ҳˣ֮һǿԿʱţǰƣҲơ
ҲΪʲôʦ֪ᱻӡ渶֮һ棬ҪȥӡΪʦ֪ʵϾǵӡвȡһ˿־תγɵһַ׭
Ҳ˵ӡ汾ͬͬԴʩչ屻ӡչ⣬ʶɿԽıץӡʵֻҪӡͲõԼİΣˡ
֮ǰѾ֪ԼĿǰֻܿƱʱתΧʱ޷ƣڵֻӡĸܿ쾲ֹʱͻῪʼתǿͨӡԼ岦ص֮ǰûбջʱ״̬
Ϊ壬һ浵㡯ֻҪܵصƻ˲Ǹ浵㣬Ȼָ
һȻǲҪˣ˵˿̵õӡõԼκΣգΪӴԺû˭в
⻹ֻӡһΪͨӡǧ֮һ㡣
ֻȻ޵УҲֻԱ޷ˣҲ޷ˡ˽⵽ЩתӡһʱظתҲ³֣ûκˡ
Χ˲֪ʱովֹ飬˵ʱתģǾͿ˼ΪһĻ
ͻȻƽ̨룬ֳӡһȻ
ӡ棬Ϩˣֻ˿ܾšԭڲʱ򣬿˭Ҳû뵽ӡѾ˵õ
֣εлصʦӡû룬ֻȻһŲƳ嵽ǰס
û£̫ˣ̫ˣһΪ˿̵Ŀʦ޵þһʧõСŮһ
Цһ£ɵ˿ҲܸоʦԼֹģ˿Ҳֻſʦļολ˼һ£ǿʦԼҲ㼤ɡ
ôܻţӡΪʲôûнܣԲܣӡҵģҵģĶȥɣ
һ̣еǷӦ˹һʱ䷢˹䣬Ҳ䣬뵽ֿɵõӡ˿̾Ȼֻһеĳ嶯
Ҳôġ
е壬˿̻ȫХƾԿԽϰٹĴɽΪƽء
ƣֻһϣԽǸı涼ըһۿɼĿӶ
ȻЩͷˣǹƽ̨ⲿȻû£ӡƽ̨֪ڶ£ȻҷһɹâЩڵֱͬɲĺ˲伣
ʱŷӦǲٿذƤˣͬʱķҲԼٶȳƽ̨̫ⲫķʽȴǿԡ
˿̲ڤʿҲǴһҲǲģõӡܽܣƾʲô
һеĵ͵ôʸõֺöԲС
ʵ˼ͬһ˺ҧ࣬ڤʿ˿ǲһеĳȥǱߵƺҲǰվûС
Ϊ侲ӡһ䵽Ҳ˵ڵԲܶԿˣǳȥҲֻûȤѰ·
ǲģǼʣʱҲֻ̡
ǱҲһǺûгǳޣ˿Ҳ֪ȥûнβͷʦһϷı飬Ҳû뵽ȻˣҲ൱ңڹؼʱѡ˰
һ̣Ѿ嵽ǰ۾һɣʱ˿кХ˲佫гΣֻ̧˫âƬ˸顣
ɾʱУ̧ͷһŷָոֻı徹ȻѾǲӰȻǳøղŷʱˡ
Ȼˡ


һʮ ɢ
壬ߴΪعܵ壬ǵĵ֪֮Լ֪Ǹطʲô
һƬǳڵգһƬ˲֪õǿֲޱȵͺڶɿǵһдڣǣķɴսźൽ԰ơ
Щսźма˿ڽףǳ޴ÿһ϶һģǹĵ֮ء
յȺ˳Լ׵Уӹײĵ֪֮ܶ飬֪ƣ֪֮λҲ֪ǸԵ֡
Ǵӵʱ򣬾ǿ壬ںϸսγǵ̬Ӵ˳۳¡
һĹ콢ܾ֮úܾ֮󣬵ؽŵȵʱ콢ѾΪ˲֪ǿߣ˿̵ؽû뿪
żĸѾûὫ콢Ǹʱ򣬵ؽоǳǳ
֪Ϊʲô֮Ǻܾ֪֮ǽмʡ
콢
콢ΪʲôҪ磬콢ⴳµֱһּʱԹޣ뽫콢ȡ֮
ֻؽ֪Լ콢̫Զ˵лᣬһֱ̣ͻƽģȻҲ˵ؽ˼롣
ʱţ콢ƹӡϢҲǸʱ򣬵ؽͷһ뿪
ͬսҲΪ콢ĳǿߣؽôǿҲֻ콢Ӱ£ŭޱȣɱϣؽǳǳĶţǳ𾴡
˵ӡپ֮Ҳռ㹻Ƭӡ̳ɹȡӡ
һ̣֪ӡȻ콢״ǵʧû֪ԭ򣬵ǵؽ֪ΪӡϮ콢ӡһӡ硣
һʷֻеؽֻ֪һˣǾͬʱӡֲ֮ҲΪʲôһҪõӡԭͬҲΪʲôڿӡ֮ԷӴܡ
Ϊ֪ӡĿֲǸոյõӡսϻԼ֪ԼͬκβҪӣΪֶΣôԿһ
Ȼ²ôзӣһͶӰҪɱӦ콢ϢԼĹ콢ƻȻ콢йϵʵ콢һֱǵؽжд̣ؽ֪콢ûȫô
˲֪ؽڣȴ֪ؽõӡҲͬһ㣬һΣԿ϶ؽԼ
ֻҪеؽɽη壬õӡôڻӳӡؽɿɱȻµؽ϶棬콢նǵؽȻ棬Ϊؽ£콢гһջ
֮ˣӵļΪɴ䣬ʵҪߣû˭Ҳ˿̵õӡû
ȻˣȴһȺˣڤʿ˿ɻŴжӡ
ڤʿһҪԸԼĵˣȻ
̧һһӡͬͬԴӡǱǿ浱Ҳӡʩչ޿ƥУ˵ӡʩչ档
˿һ˲һźðɫĻðֱӽ˹ڤʿɣҲвҲɫճ˷ɻңЩеľӢ߲㣬˿ȫһ£ǻʹû䣬ᱻֱ߳ߴ塣
һ·ǽ;סˣڤʿֱӱջҸոûͷһȶ֣ҲȾף֮ء
ȵɫĻɢȥǰоȻƯһƬƬĳ׵һ֣Ȼ°ȻȻͨ
һץͽС
С治֮ƬԺںϣǿʵҼص壬ҲԽ֮Ƭȫָʵܸһ¥ʦ˿˵Ҳ͸һ˿Ľ֮⡣
ͷֱٻףϴʬΪ˵ֵʬűأڶûлָ˵ЩΣȻõӦõϡ
ĵĽ֮ƬȥԼںϵ׵У˲䣬鳬һ״˿ɢ۽⣬Ȼڿٻָ޲Ĳλʥ֮ƬȻá
һ׾޸ɣԭ˯ʶҲһѣ֪ԸĲѣ״˿̵ʵҲѾǴﵽ˺ڤʿ޼ʵ
õӡǹϲϲ˿ֶ̿κʵǿߣʣµת棬ʼֺõӡһ㣬ǾٲܶԸ˭òͷˡ
塢嶼ǵһʱʾãʦԭ£ûʲôĳԹҲټƽϡ
ڼȻõӡȴһԸӡл᷵Ԫ磬Ȼӡʲô;ҲҪһһ˽⡣
ӡʱͿռ䣬Ȼڻôã򵥵ĴͻǿģĳĿΪ꣬͵κεطʦʱ˵
ϸӦһ£Ȼ򣬲ûϴ뿪ǺͿʦһߵλͷʦǰ
ȣǿµӡӵߣβڶʦ˿̶о˼ѹ
ȻлģǹؼʱβڶʦվԼһߣԼδܵõӡ
ǸһܱһԹѣղſûһﾹȻҲǼĴ󺰴УѾҪ
꣬ҪֻǻȻҪſȴǱһëĴճק˻ȥ첻µز£ճϣԸͿ뷨ֻա
ˣſʦһʹӡĴ͡
򣬾ٹһƽԭشһ޴ĳΧǽʮౣУлһҳ׵ķɴ
ӰìԼǺӵ˴˿ڵ϶գ·ϲ֮ɫ
ǣ˶һϲãΪԭΧĴȻɢˣһδͷ£ϣ˸оޱů
ⲻǸ˴ǰδеůҲͬ˿ϣһŮϴүʱֻСŮͻȻһ䣺үүˡ
ǰˣˣ


һʮ Ԫ
ɢ֮ĵ죬˴ǳ뵽ոһУҽȫߡ
˵ʵͳ˲սͷһ⣬˭оŤҲûӣڹ˳ȻѾټ൱ɼܶ޷ʵϾǵкܶѶɱֳ޿ɲܻġ
ֻʱģһξ޴ѣкܶطˣһط԰óˣѾһЩؼǿԼһͽ޳ˡ
ټ֪̾ԼԶܳԽǰˣӡѾһ磬һĴˣԳ˸ǲΥ
ǰҲټˣߵ鰲ٺ֮Ҫ̷Ԫ硣ʱоӡټжʦѾӡ˱Ƚ̵˽⣬Ҳ˵ѾаͨӡصԼԪ硣
Ϊʲô˵ǡԼԪ磬ΪԪ粢ֻһһ֮ǰԪ磬һΪ֮ܶڶѴڵԪ磬뵽ЩδףǴ˿̵ҲЩƼ
ʣʦ϶Ҫһ𷵻Ԫ磬Ȼʦںϣ˴˲֣Źֵǻǿ˼ռ塣˿ʦӰìҲ뷵Ԫ磬ķȻҲȥҲЩุĸķ˼뵥ุĸǳãðķܵǰδеĹذô뿪ǣķҲǼΪܣҲֿ⼸춼䡣
֪£ȴǹһЦֱҵķԼѾӡҲ˵ȵԼϤͿӡôȥ罫ǳ㣬֪Լ϶û߻ûдһ鷳ڣﶼΣգȵԼƿӡȻһɱ
ڵȻҲȱɱ
׼֮ǺҵʾԼҲһصԪ硣
˵ʵǺӵ뷨ûж⣬ǺɽԼδ֮ʱûʦܣԼæǸʱ֪ǺӶȻԼһʼΪԷҪԼ׭֮ǺӴûʹЩֱ֪Ǻӵͼˡ
Լһ𷵻Ԫ硣
Ȼ֪ǺӵĿģֱܾǺӸԼȥӦֻкôΪǺҲӦ÷ǳԼʵ˵ԼΪУǺӾʤ㣬ҶһҲûʲô
ԱôˣΪ˼ǿķϺ֮⻹ڶʦķʦͷͽʹܣöʦڵֶЩ˵ӦһĵӦû⣬ԼӡϢӦѾ򣬰Լһɱڤʿʱ˭Լ鷳ǲɵӡ
ǳģʲôıȥȱҲŶԷܶʱڸϾɢԽԶԾʹ͵ŦѾʧЩ򣬾͵ûѴʱɹȵʱԼͰźһС
˿̣վһСɽͷϣվſʦķӰìǺӣȡӡǰһġ
ʱ̶ʦϤӡ÷ҸӦԪĴڣҵ˻ȥķͼһģǰʮȻռݣγһ©״Ŀռ䶴ڣ߲ʰ쵣Ȼ߲ͨ
˿Ѿʹӡǿп߲ͨǰǲģӡ
ߣ߲ͨ鼤߶ӡɢһâ˶ڣȻһ߲ͨ
ûâػóȻ߲ͨǿ嶼֧ͨ飬֮ͬǰһֲ߲ͨ˺Ѿ޷вͬƶĴ߲ͨٴ
߲ͨͬ磬ֻضĳڲҵһ߲ͨﴩ˺ܾãһͷǳɣʱͻ
ӡ֮£һΪɣֹӵ˲߲ͨбļһɾ޴ϮȻҪӲͨ
˿ȥǸ֪ʲôռ䣬Ȼ£˾Σˣüͷһ壬в²ʲô·ʱ򣬶ʦ˿ȴǵߣǵؽһӡ֮ȻΪ콢Уһ㶨ȻǲģԶĶ֣ߡ
жʦѣȻ֪أǴ߶ӡӿٶȣȹ߲ͨͺǵؽ
˿Ҳֻˣǿ翭ʦĴڴ˿ҲǱֲϢѹƵ޷ìǾ͸˵ˣǺӸǱѹȵĿѪ˿Ǻȴǵ۾ţһ
ţƺʲôΪҪĶǺ˹ȥɼˣ˫ͬǯһǱ
ؽ˵еĸ֣콢Ĵڣд˵ͳ콢ӡ֮Ϊ˴һ֣˿ϢһӡҲЩԲ
Ͼֳӡȫ߶֮£ѵؽٳҵһ˷ɶݶ
һ߲ͨ˲رգҲ׸˵ؽϢ
ͬһʱ̣һΪңԶĿռ䣬һѾ޴ŵսյУΧѤĹۼ仯ǧ
սԶԶȥһС򣬱֪˶٣ٱǵؽһӡ֮
ڵؽϣһȫɽɵӰվ۾
ǵؽķôһҪǿöࡣ
һεӡ֮Ҳ򵥣ȻԵֵҵǿƴͣ˵µӡ֮콢йϵ콢ʶпܶڣҲù£콢ûҲȻҪɱ˵꣬ؽ˿Լ޴ŵı壬ȻЦһƬϹѾ˴룬ֻ¾ͿԱȫգ±岻뿪Ҿ÷ǰȥɱڴ֮ǰһҪȥʸ
˵꣬ؽһģǰһƬǰݣ¶һռڣһֱ̤ʧ١

һƬֵ֪֣Ѿ˿Щˣں̰ĺΪһθܵԪΥԪһĨȪ˿̰룬壬อÿһϸƺһ㣬ԡ硣
һԵİķҲһһľϲǴΧǳԣԪϾ֪ǻصԪ硣


һʮ Ԫżһ
⵱УҲֻǺͷһԪ磬¿ŲͬĿԪ磿
ûܸܵŨԪ㣬ǺӣԪ磡ìʱ򼤶˵ΪǺѾìҲǽԷԼˡ
Ǻӵ˵ͷȻǱȡһ
һƴСĽӣָһťһЩָʾƣǺȡһԭŵĺƣ˿Ѿȫɫ
ȻԪŨȷǳɹۣһֻϵĶˣǺ˵Ȼ󰴶˽ϵİť˲صһһ
ϳֽӾһֿƬƷʵ磬ֶԼѪҺܱԪͲҪˣΪǸƷҲͿƬĹһȻǿԱ
ͼǺӼƬƷܿ¶ݣһѪ֮кܶǹ޼Ķͬһųżļš
ʲôìһ㶣˵ӰǿʦҲûֶ
ûҲоԪ˵ֻڼģ۵УΪûԪ޷ڿӦûҵʵǿҵһԪл壬˺ܶԪĻ򣬿ı̬Ӳȣûʶ񾭣ͨ񾭽пơǺӺĵĽ⣬ìһһ㶵ģʵ⵽ʲô
ʵһ·ǺӿһȻһץǼĶ˲һżͬƤ࣬ǺӰڣȻγһ·Ķ
ìʶǸӦһ£֪ͬǺ˵ģȷһԸ͵Ԫ˵ǰǺӵԻֵԪļô·ʵͻӲһﵽԪ弶
ò˵һöϧڵѾȫҪˣƾͲҪκθ
ǱìǺָۣϵĿ䣬ڻصԪ磬ѾԻظԿʹãֻĸоһ˲伸ſƬصĳǰǱߵǺӹͷһοĿƬǱע
⼸ſƬһ̣ʿؾߵȵٻһǰ
ЩϤٻпһȷԼˡ
򿴵ΰķľͿʦһ£ҲûȷǴ˿ڵλãûϵȻصԪ磬еǰ취
ȡһ󿨣ʼô»ĵÿһжõĴֻҪһԺܿ췵صǡ
ôͬʱ֮»˿ȴǽţ˿̾»ʧ١Ѿȥһ꣬Ϊ»ȨģǵĹģҲǽȣΧǰ˽һѾΪԪһΪľͳȻ˿ڻʨǣ»ĵλȴ˿ûжҡ
һʱԪĸڲϱ仯
ԭ»ƽһ壬һԻƽһ;һǿһǴѹͻƽһжԣƽһ;һ徹Ȼһ𣬸ڶʼ»Χ
еԭҪĻΪ֪ġʧ١ǧѷĻ»
»Ҳӣڣڶ֡
ԪһʵΪ𣬿һǿǿռежҲǿµľʿж٣ǿֵĵȼƽһƻһԪ߰˼ĸ֣»ҲϲԪ߰˼ĸ֣е¡ʦԪ߼۷Ĵڣڶʦ˵ʵϲ壬ԷֵĻ»߾Щˡ
ʽս֮»ǽˣʧȥ˺ܶأƽһ;һ徹ȻǴ˾һ߷Ľ¡
ҲΪʲô˿̵ǽŵԭģǸ߷Ҳʮľ룬һƣôֵˡ
мսٷս֮⻹вӣϼáϧϣɯվһΪ޴󣬳ȳ׵սϣɫࡣ
ϲѾϵǰߣһεڣǾӾаԪϵĸָǳǺܶ࣬ǾȻֱ·ͬʱʨǣе¡ʦڶʦʨǣȻһε鷳󣡡ϧϣʱ˵Ȼߵķ߶и򣬵ɲֹۡ
ΪǸոյõһޱȵϢ
һİ˱۾˾ȻͻԪ߰˼ﵽ˴˵еԪżڵ֪Ϣ˲䣬ϧϣ֪Ϊʲôƽһ;һˣ±Ҳ֣ɯ˵ĸǺߣԲ;һϣǱȡ
Ȼԭ˱۾˽ԪżǴ˵ĴڣǻƽһǺԪżǰҲᰫһͷ
ƽһ;һϣϿǽˣʵǻƽһһͷˣһ̽鱨֪֮ǰ˱۾ǺӽйһսȻǰ˱۾˻ʤƽһǺѾһ峼ˡ
ֻԪ߰˼֣ϲӦÿԵֵԪżǾͲͬˣ»Ѿǵ˼ΪΣʱ̡
쿴ǰ棡սϣָԶ޴ޱȵӰ˵
̷ۿȥԿԶվż޴ľˣӴ˸о˼ѹǵһˣѾǧףվڲԶİ˱۾˻Ҫߴܶࡣ
̩̹ˣһһͣԵֵǧˣԶľˣɯ˿˵
ӣȻͻƽһٽһ𣬴˿»Σյʱ̣ٺ´ĺӣǰս
Ϊ󿨴ʦɯִģսеȻʣߵķ󣬶ǳλ󿨴ʦ֮֡
һεǴһǣͶ𣿡ϼʱһףһ޼ľ޴󳤹Ҹһ޴ļͲ˿̳ʵ
ѾˣͶսϾ͵ϧϣ˵꣬ѾһһӴޱȵĳ泱ӿӺֹ
ᵽǣǾܺãдͶæڱϲƽһ;һ壡Ůһ˿
ʱǰͻȻһ޴һӴĳϯսҲܵӰ졣
ãǰ˱۾ˣ
˿ǰ߳򣬾޴ĳǽѾ̮һ룬ҲһƬǽ壬ոհ˱۾Զ֣þ˾ʯһն£ֱƿķͬʱɱϲٻһﵽԪ߼Ȼ޴Ľ۽һı߷һΪչֳԪżֵֶΡ


һʮ Ԫż
ϲ˿һ£أԿĶͷѾк
Ԫż֣Ȼϲ˿̾˿֪˿ԼѾ˱۾˵Ķֻ֣һͽش
һԵֳִ󽣣ɫأ˱۾˵Ѿǿ˲а˱۾ˣӵӴ͵̩̹ˣ滹лƽһ壬Ԫ˼ǺӣݣѾԪ۷ˣԺɨһУ»ʵԪ˼֣ڶԪ߼རӣڲӣʦӺս沿ӣΪǿڹȥĽһʱ˸ǣǰ˱۾˺ǺҲңɵ˱۾˲֪ʲôԪż֮ƽⱻˡ
Ԫż˱۾˺ܿʷĵһƸոյһѾչ¶ţԼүүƻһľ֣Ԫżİ˱۾ǰҲͬ۵ûһ˿ʤ㡣
ΪʲôɫЩҵΪػ»Ը⸶һУ
Ǻź֪ܿһս֪޷ֵ˱۾˴Ĵ޷ټһۡ
ߣｻҰѣϲ˿̳˵дһ˿ȰȻԪ˼Ҳ֪϶زסˣҲֻʱ⡣
˿̣Զսʹս沿Ҳ˹ʮҵս˿һֲڻ𣬽ʮﷶΧڶ˹ΧһڻǳŰ˱۾ȥˣʮţɱԪԪ߼ڵ
ɽһİ˱۾Ǳڻ̳˲𶯣ǵϵĲӣ˿ҲսһڻĶĤۣ졣
һ̣ͬˮһս沿ǰģǶʮһ;޴󣬼׿һأЩʵﵽԪ۷壬ʵǷгУһγΪֲʵѾﵽԪ߼Ǵ
ߵʱͽͶҪ»»Σյʱǻԥĳæ
սսĿõģսڻ𣬳ˮһս沿ֱӽ˿ֲĹƵֵǷ˹ȥƽһ;һսĹ£ȻҲǽڽڰˡ
޴һǣ˱۾ϵ˲䱻ɢͬʱһֲĳͳ׵սոտ˱۾ˣͱһɳ˺ķ顣ͬʱǺӺ̩̹˵ڶҲһ˲ս沿˲ء
ˣ̩̹˴˿˫Ȼһ壬رУһһ˦ͱƿһ޴ӣʯľһ𣬱˦ſƯ׸߿յս˹ȥ
ã쿪֣ϼ̾ɯ죬սķ󣬲̩̹˦Ĵʯͬڵһڼսķϣʱֲ𶯣˵ʯֱжʮףشٶ֣һҹȥз󣬵ѹɽսѹҡһսΪ̫ܵ󣬾ȻһбʱдʯȻֱӹսķ֣˲ʱͱڣн屬ը
˱۾ǻӶֱֱۣһȭԪżǿߵԪȻ𶯿γһۿɼĳӣ˲гһս٣ɯõķҲ޷ֵԪżֵĹ
ɯ˴˿̱ѿ˱۾˾Ȼֻһͻһս˵ڰ˱۾˸޵еĴڡ
ʱһ֣ͼɯڵսǰһӰǻƽһ峤Ǻӡ
Ԫ˼֣Ҫ˭Ҳסϲ赲̩̹˺Ͱ˱۾Ѿģôܻܹ˼
ɯһȥ»ˣûҪһǺûйǳɯ˵
ɯҡҡͷ̬ȼ
Ǻοࣿ˱۾ƴҶҪʱѡ񳼷֮භɯһȥǺ˵˵Ҫִ֣ҪɯΪǺӲı˱۾ʹ£ɯȥһ󣬽ƽһĹȳ׷գȻʵֻҪԼҲԪżô˱۾˾ͲΪˡ
ɯҡͷǺһᣬҪǿжֻ֣ΪԼŲܱˣһΪҪɯ󿨴ʦҲ
ǺӺεȸ֣Ԫ˼ԪǿߣһսķôֵܵȻͬһʱ̣սڶʼھӵγһɸĻǺֶֻξͽ赲̧һ㣬һƽƬһֱӽս
ſǺӼϵǸʯ˿ҲȻϼõ˵Ĺ£˵ʵһʱܿ죬̾ͻᱻʯɱ
Ҿͺһսǻ֮ûУǺӴ˿Цһ߶ĻƽƬγһ޴ޱȵȭͷ£ֱӽһսΡ
սϵ˶ʱһƬҵ˼㣬ȻзֶΣҲзǻҵлǺסɯոշ𣬾ͱǺһץסֱۣӲ˳
ȻɯУҪᣬʵǺӱ̫ԶܿͱקߣϼúϧϣȻѣ˿ûа취
˿̣ϲѾѪˤȥԶ·ãѾˣҲһѾ۶ϣһֱѪĴ䣬ɼᶨ
Ҫƴֿ
ڷߣѾױȻڱһ㶼ѷɫǶԷ̫࣬˿̶ѹƣϵĳҲѣս
һս߹ƣôǣһƣô»ˡ
˶֪һ㣬Դ˿ƴȫ
ʱɰԪͻȻǣһ˲䣬˶ͷȥΪǸоԪҲﵽԪżĸ֡
Ԫżֱ̫ˣʲôʱԪ羹Ȼ˶Ԫż֣һǿޱȵԪǻϤ
⡭ǣǺץɯ˿뵽ʲôæ߶Ƭ룬ֻӳȥǧףͱһӰ
Ӱۣһ޵Ůͷ˫ǣ˿һĶǺӡ
˷Խ˲һٶȸǿصԪ̲ôͬʱķڻԪһʦҲת˹ԪȼѾԪżҲһ뿪ԪǰѾԪ߼۷壬֮һصԪͿԸоԼȻҲֱӿԽԪ˼Ԫż


һʮһ 䶯Ԫ
ͨصǣнսţͬʱӦԶԪ֪ãԺͿʦͬʱͷųԪżѹʦ̳ʦֿռŲƵֶΣٶȼ죬ֻǼգۼ͵һϹȥɯΣա
˿̿ʦԪżѹǺӣ˵ռϷ磬ƽһǺӾȻǱѹĲҶȻԪ˼Ԫżĸ֣ûһʤ㣬ΪˣҲ᳼ڰ˱۾ˡ
ոձٵսµˣ˿Ϊˣȴû뵽ͻȻ֮䣬һ޴ޱȵİצͻȻ֣Ȼǧ֣µ˾һ׵ӰһԶİ˱۾ˡ
˿ϲѪ˲վһĳǽͷֳֶϽĳѾһƬ棬ǰǾ޴İ˱۾ˡ
ȻǴһƴֵ˱۾ˣΪ֪˿»Ѿȫսսݣ»Ҳˡ
ˡ
Ͽ԰˱۾˾ͬԴ󣬿η塣
˱۾ʮֲмĿһ۽µ˵ֱһŽʱ΢΢һ㶣ͣ˽Ų޴׵Ѿ¶֮ɫ
ΪͻȻһˣȻ˵ٶȼ죬գۼ֣һףϵϢӴĿ£ȻǺһԪż
Ѿ;ƿݣ˿Ҳֻǿ֧ţĸ֪Ҳ˶֪Ѿվһˡ
˿Ŷ̽ҡҡλεǲ
ͻȻһֱ۱סһ̾ʹѣһĶһ
ң
Ϥг֣Ȼ֪˭סԼǸоһѣǸ˻Ϊ֮ǰսľе˿һиȻ˹ȥȴ΢΢Ȼεǰлϲ
㻤󷽣һ£ϵĽ仯һϣԶٷ󷽡
ȻͻȻľֻȿʦһʦǺӾɯȷųޣսϵȫ嵽ǰ
˿̣˿ԼĺãһЩԼǵúɡ
ǰʮͬɽһ޴İ˱۾ˣ䣬˱۾˾Ȼ֪ʲôֶԪżԼԼٵĵǾҪһˡ
Ԫżô
ǵͬԪżĸ֣һԼɵˣӡᵱڤʿҲǺԪżһͬԼĸȰ˱۾û˱۾˷
˿Ű˱۾˵һ䣺ǲã
˱۾˴˿Ҳϳˣ˵УһǰһһͳԪˡ
Ԫż㳹»Ȼʧٵ֣ĿҪ˵ӦǴˣǰ˱۾һ㶼˲
Ϊ֣Լʱ򣬾Ȼһֿ־С
ܣԪżǺһΪʲôָо˱۾Ȼ֪ƿӡʵѾȣԪżҲԲĶ֡
ǰ˱۾˲аò׹˹ôܾô
һľ˾ʯݺݵͬʱԪżҲȫ߶˲ʱ˾ʯϵͼӳֵ˼£һԪ˼۷ĸҲֵܵԵһɽһ顣
Цһֱһ̧Ȼ֣˲һɫͬһ浶Уֱӽ˱۾˳ֱֽնϣˣֲĺɫմȾ˱۾˵ϣȼգԽԽҡ
ϱۺ;˾ʯֱ䵽⣬ҳһӶ˱۾ǲҽҪϱϵĻ棬Ǻɫӡ֮Ľ壬ôôϨ˲䣬˱۾Ҳĸֱȫȼɫճ˽̿ǿֲĺʮⶼΪˡ
˴ͻƽһ忴һĻҲǾ˵ʿϾǿԪżְ˱۾˶Ķ֣ǼҲûκ塣
˱۾վЩֶΣȻԾ֮ѪϨĺɫ棬ɼˣҲս˿̰ڵϴϢǿ־Ŀ
䣡ֻһУ˱۾˾ͱˣɫ˵δţȥԪżʵʵȻѾǳ׶Ρ
Ԫżǿʲôȼ
ѵԪʮ
룬˱۾˾һ󵨺֮ǰʮͲһͱյľ⣬ֻ볷ˣԽԽá
ΪûˣЦһսݻһˣ򱻳׻ҲˣɯץϲѪˣѪֳֶϽҪƴһս
Լʱϻˣһˣð˱۾뿪һͷײ
ǰ˱۾һ֣˵ʲô˫ͬʱʩչͬʱӡüĸ֣޴ӳϡ
ֻȻѹ˱۾ˣҪ䳹ɱҪЩӡڣɱ˱۾ˡ
ɱڤʿһף˱۾˼״֪˵棬Ȼ̧ͷʣµֱȡž޴ľ˿Ƭ˲ʱ𶯣һӴޱȵľ޴ӿռѷðſһɽĴҧͬʱ˱۾ʣĸֱ۸һȻǴƴһ
ö˵ֱ˫ĳȻȼ˲ʱȼĺɫͽǾޣ˱۾վͬʱ˰˱۾˵塣
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޴ĻУ˱۾˵ĲҽǿתЩ˴һɫȻˣ̩̹ˣҲǲҿ
Ĺ£رʼݣȵɢȥǰ澹ȻǳһƬҽ֮ѵ˱۾ƣԴյһ룬˿̰ѾҽѾ걻ɥȪ
ֻΪ̫޴Բûȫջ٣Ѿ˰˱۾˵ֻ꣬ʣǣ˿̵һ޴Ĺ
һĻ˲ʱûһԪһγ־չֳΪֲƣ䶯еˣԶʦǺҲһմ
ôôǺӻΪƽһĽ˿һ̵Ȼ޴档
Ԫ˼ֵʵͻƽһݣ̬ģ֮»ҲһǸʱɵҲֻϲ
ڣ԰ǿֲԪżʵķ飬˱۾˶ɱôԪﻹ˭Ķ֣
ǺĿɿڴͬʱûע⵽һھ׵ʱͻȻȡһŹֵĽӣȻ󰴶İť


һʮ ϧϣһ
һǸĸ߼ʵоԱһװҺûеֱװһƷ
ʱԵ˹ؼʱ̣һоԱߵվŵһǰϰ壬ҪɼѪҺƷͿɣгһԽǵڶάȵԪ磬ͿȡڶԪ
ãȫȥһҪɹ˵˺ȻǺӹ˾Ǻӣ˿ָϲɼһЩѪҺоԱ
ȵǸƷ֮ǺӾպãȻ֪ԼõⶫĿ΢΢һֱЯ
ڣȵʹƷʱ
ҪԪ磬һʱͱʾҲ棬ѾƿӡѾǺܱģǺҲ֪ˣҲԼֻҪصԪ磬ôпԼǸ塯ĿԣǺӿ֪ԼǸԪǶ֡
ԼӵĵߣֻҪԼǸʱ򷢶ͿԶȡԷеǺִҪԪԭ
Ӵʦ̷ߣǺҲǼæ÷з׭ϣֻٶ˺ܶ࣬ȵ˵طſѾһ֮ɱһˣһ̣ǺӾͿʦһˡ
ǸϽɫʵǿģȻԼһ֪ԼãȻԼĸ塣
Ǻ͵͵ףȻȡЯĽӽ伤
˲䣬һ֣ӵһͷĹԼٶȳȥֱ𺳵ʧġǺӡ
һ˲䣬ƽһġǺӡŻع֪Լ͵Ϯ뷴ԼЩȻΪͣǽԼߣֻգ֮䣬Լͱһ롣
ôܣǺӴʧɫû飬Ҫ֪ǿΪԪżһɱ˱۾˵ʱû˾ֹǻƽһ峤Ԫ˼ǿߣôܻᱻǿ˵ͨ
ǺĳǿߣԼʱҲᾪ֣Ҳţ˿ʲô޷赲ţûƽһ峤Ԫİ˼֣˿̾Ȼֹº޻֮
ʵҪܻ־ˣ豸רΪƵģһתԪĹԻƽһǺӾҲֵܵ
ѾʧųɣƽһǺӲҽ޷赲˿̲Żл㱿ԶһԼһģһվȻԼľǶԷ
ô᣿ǺӿԼһˣԷ¶ĲмЦݣһеȫʹȥӿˤ䡣
һǺӣ˿Ͻҫ·˾ϲɫ
ǿٱǰҪǿʮǰٱǺӿϲɹˣ֮ǰһеŬ˻رµõȥҪһȽϣ˭Ƚǿ
ܿ;ֵķ֣Լõ˻ƽһǺӵɲ˺ԶֲǰǺѷֵģԽԼĲࡣ
˲䣬ԭΪõЩ궯Ҳ֮
һĻȻܶ˶ˣֻ˭֪ʲô飬ǿĻƽһ峤ǺӣȻһһģһ˶ȡȻͬһͨһӿˤȥɯ̣һſƬסǺӣһֱӾܽˤ
ܶΪһõǺӻʲôû뵽Էܿȥʵʵվһĺ档
˶֪Ҳˡ
˭뵽һͽһͻƽһֻܣһһˣһĻΧ»޶־Ǳӣ˱۾˶ɱǺֻ֪ǵ
ͷһ۶ǺӣҲû˵ԷԼԪ磬ӦþΪ£ǰ»ҪǺӣȥЩ飬Ǻ϶ͷˣǺһôʶʱֻʵڵԼѾԲǺܺˣõƽһ֮䶼ɱԪżİ˱۾˶
Ǿš
ЩӱҲûᣬΪѾ㣬һλҪһͳԪ磬һٿһ۰˱۾˵Ĳ壬ҡҡͷȻתߡ
ǷˣʨǷˣ»ˣΪ뿪һ֮õǹԿֲɱ»İ˱۾ˣҪ֪˱۾ѾԪż޵еĴڡ
˿̵»Ͻľۼأȫڽһϲ쵱С
ǳǱĴڣͬ顢ȫһã˿̱һֻ´һӤϵЦݾûͣ
ӤɯԼĺӣԼ뿪ʱɯˣû뵽Լһ뿪Ȼһ꣬ӤԼ￩ֱЦҲǸо˾޴㡣
˺ܶϤף塢Ʒɡ³ʦȻǶ
˿Űңˣ
ϲȻأҲ£ֻҪϢͺáһ죬ǹκϼúϧϣǲְҹʵǷֿ̫ãƺҪһʱ䶼һһ
ҲǾÿǷǣԼ뿪ʱѶȫޣҲǵˡ
ȥʱһЩ飬һ£ȻǡϧϣȻһϧϣĲл껹ʶǸһ嶼ûãֻҵϧϣںϣܴĳϸ
ϧϣ
ڳǱ¶̨Լľ˳ǹһϧϣ顣
棬ϧϣҲ棬ǸϧϣΪ˾ѡԼ˿һԵϧϣҲۿᡣ
֮ǰľҲ˵û˵һΣȻǸжޱȣЦЦ磬˵ǵһάҲǣȻһĸ壬ϧϣϧϣңǸʱҲôֻϧǸˡ
ϧϣıģһԼ飬ͬܡ
˿ϧϣͷʵұһ˿лֻ꣬л޷лָԸ⣬лںϣܺ϶Ϊһ
ȻҪһϧϣ˼ֻͬԼôţϧϣ϶ͬ⡣
ȻĻϧϣԥĵ˵ͷǸ̫ˣ磬˵Ĳлں֮󣬵ҾͳҲ˵Ǹˣֻҹһ壬԰ɣ
ȫǣĲлں֮󣬾൱㾭ͼѣʱ㣬ǹһô򵥡


һʮ ϧϣ
ϧϣŪˣٴε˵ͷܲһ뿨Ȼֳϧϣһл꣬˲ǰϧϣüġ
ǰûֶοԽںһ𣬵ƿѾɵһ㣬֮ͬǰϧϣ׵ںһ𣬾ͼϧϣ۾֮˫䣬ٴۿǾһ͸һְĽ;
ҲĿԣ֪ԼɹˣϧϣΪһ壬˵ڵϧϣԪԼӣҲǵһάǸΪԼϧϣ
ӵڻıһоڲС
ҲǸһ䣬һԸڿԿǽˡ
ȻԼصԪ磬黹ûꡣ
߲ͨ׷Լĵؽһ鷳һ鷳Ҫ֪ؽһӡ֮ǧǰͿԵõӡʵȻӹɣ⼸Ӷʦ˽Ҳ֪ǵؽĿֲ˵͵ؽͲһġ
֮⣬Ӷʦ˽˸Ҫ鱨ؽ콢ƺǵжԵģ콢ƺҲ͵ؽйϵֻ콢ûкʦ֪Ҳࡣ
Щ鱨㹻²һЩˡ
콢ǱؽˣԲ䣬ô콢ûؽ֪»ô
ǿ϶ںгһ콢𣬻Ϊһ㣬ǵؽŻ档
ȻҲֻĲ²⣬ôڻԶǵʱûðһؽּĸ֣㡣
֮ǰĲ²ʵҲȫûô콢ǸؽˣԲųԪôؽȻԪ硣
ĲԼԪ磬ԷҪҵӦҲǳ顣
֪ͬһʱ̣ǸԪƽеһԪؽķѾĳֶγ
ȫɽɵķƼǿڵڶάԪŵ콢ķλȥԵؽٶȣ֮ңֻתۼ
һ̣ѾǳϿգĳȡ
޴콢ڣûκ⣬ؽһ㶣Ща䵽ȣҪԽ콢￴һŷġ
ڳȵ壬ؽЩˣڵؽУЩ϶㡣
ϧЩ壬Щɲӵؽôһ˴һˣռݳȵΧס˵ؽȥ·
ֻǻûѯʣͱؽһȫɱ
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˲ʱȾڶָǻûжֵ˼ǵؽܣ赲ģֱɱһʱܵ
ɱ֮󣬵涼һѪ·ѾɱˣǸղſУﵽԪļǸԪ弶ĸǰ߲һУֲֶֿΣֶǶ֡
ûٸû˸ҸţôŵؽǾ޴ĳ
ǳһɼΪӴֻضӲܿȥҲȥ˲ȴһһš
ܿ죬˾һĻˡ
ԶԶǸӰһ߹ȥȻ̧һ޴Χһ޷ͻƵĹĻ˲飬߽˳
е˶Ŀɿڴ˵зһԵĿ־壬ɢӡ
ֹĻԪ۷ĸֶƿǸ˾ȻһͰ飬Ǻεȵʵ
Ԫ߼Ԫ˼һɣ
ãؽŴӳ߳ȴһɻ󣺡ӡûκɶһЩڳַӡһͼ֮⣬콢źûκ⣬ѵ˵һƭңбҪȥˣźеǸͼһ˱ȽϺãʡԺ鷳
˵ؽֱӻһȭ˿ϣһ̣ǰĿͬɽһ㷢˾ҵ죬޴ޱȵ콢кȻ飬мɽˣ콢кҲʯѣӡеһ޴ĳŰֱ۵ĺӰҽһҲǱױ飬󳹵伣
ȶʼ𶯣ʼ飬󺣡
ֻǵؽһȭ֮ѡ
ؽһ˺ռ˺һӣʧ
ںԪƽеĵڶάһУ֪˿ѾһͳԪ硣
ȰڣԪĴӪһҪһֱĵؽ᲻ҵǵһʱ䣬ûеؽϮļҲ΢˿ûзɾ裬һֱڶʦİϤӡʵֻ͵ؽʱпֶΡ
ʦӡõҪϤҲҪʱ䣬ҲĿռ䣬ܽʶתΪ壬ôͿԳװʵҲ
ˣ㲻ôֻҪյ㹻壬ӡ׸ԼҪ֪תΪ壬Ǻô̫ˣǿƾͿı״ԽʵʵĶˡʦڸ⡣
⻰ҡҡͷնʦ˵ԼҪɴ壬ȥŪ
ɵҲ˶ԷĽ壬նʦ˵Ҫʱ䣬ҪҪ
ֻ壬һǹ壬ϡ٣ҵǾ壬˼ѾͣҲԵ޹ȥɱ
룬ͻȻ뵽ʲôˣҪ˵壬һ֪һط
˵ǳڵĴֱȴ˹ȥƬ֮Ѿͨ󵽴ȵء
Ҳ»أһֱ֣ͦ񣬶»˭֪»ѾǿʼͳһԪ磬Ԫһһ»ϽҪ䣬һɱԪż˱۾ˣϢõԪżľǿ߶ɱ˭ҵֿ
Ϊ»һԱЩҲҫУͳ˧Ȼһӡ
˵𼱻ǵĸϵȵأȴΪͻȻ뵽дˣȻ콢ĲкȻ˱۾ӡʱ콢ײ䣬֪˱۾ˣôƻ콢Ĳк㵱ʱ콢Ѿ޼
콢ĲлѾԼڣʱ֪Զ޷ѹεؽҲΪ콢ԵʲԸԼȻˣĲʵӦҲûʲô֪Ҳʲô


һʮ кʧ
˱۾ӡĴɻڣֻһƬΪ׼κ̤룬˿Ѿ׿ŵŮĿǰƿȣҲǺܳ׵ִ
ΧһƬΧסĸֵأһǿ׳˺һȥٵսʿ
ŮҲǵһʱɳһ壬һμʱһŮֻԪֵسȴ㹻ˡ
ŮҲǰ̾һԪżȻ˿ԴﵽһμʱȻ֪ԺɾͲҲû뵽˿ţǸʱźһսڣһָͿ׵ĻԼ
ǲࡣ
˵ǣʱŮȷѡ׿վһߣҲ׿ʥ֮ףͳһ塣
ЩŮ嶼ʵףλߣвٴûмģԭлЩֻǿһ˲䣬еĲ׷飬Ϊ̫ǿ󣬼ֻһ񣬶Щߵ鵨սľ˿̸ںһҷ
˵طǸ޴ǰפ㣬Ȼһüͷһ塣
Ů˵꣬ŮƮ̧ͷһ֪ΪʲôҪˡ
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֪ܿӳ˵ûֻǸ֪콢кΪʲôᶪʧ
Ҵʼնû˽һƬô϶ǳһƬڲ
ˣȻȥɣ˰֣ȻЩ޹أôԼҲΪǡ
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û£ȿ˵ȻûйŮ˼ҳ϶Ȼӹɵġ
콢кҲ϶Ǳ͵ߵģѾ˼ƽϡû˴ڳû˿Խ룬Ϊﻹһڡ
Ǹ޴ӡ
ΨһĿԣ̽ǸӣֱͨĺףֻʱҲֻǴſ˿ûϸ̽飬ϾʱطҲûôӡ
˵˭͵͵Ǳȣڲڶ½Χɢľ޴кȡߣֻһֿܣǴġ
ķŮϰսʿ̽ʱһصչ˳ǲڰĻþûɷУ̽ȥС
վӱ̽һΧȷһ콢Ƭû£ȻԷĿǳȷֻԪԼ֪콢Ƭļֵ˭֪ļֵ
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ѾˣһЩ϶ĺۼж콢кӵУʣ϶è壬ټսʿ̽ȥ̽
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һĻŮĿɿڴǴûмֶΣȻӡһҲյġ
ӡƿʱͿռ䣬ȻԽĳһڵʱлزȻֻزʱ⵹һ̽飬ǿ¼ʱطһԽһʱһڷ֡
ܿ죬ӡâĵطʱͻز֮ǰ콢кľҹǴͻȻһվˮ״ʼ콢кӣЩ״ĳִ֣޵ƣֻɣ塣
ʲôŮҲĿɿڴѹû뵽ԼϽĳȵУȻ֮ǰԴһ֪
ܿջӡâ־ֹֻ֣飬ˣҲӵ˾Եƣ֪ʲô
ŮҲҸȥ˭͵ǵĶһ䣬Ů̵ͷʲôңҸȥ
ҪŮҲΪԼһҲкôŮʵҲԪ壬ʲôҲԱ֮ǲȥΣգֻܸԼϺȡ
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ЩĿҲǼΪ˵ʲôζֱסŮûԵûӰ졣
һЩսʿͼ̽飬оǧףſһƬŹֵ
Щͬʵʣսʿ̾ͻḯʴһ壬еսʿ˺Զ룬ѾӿĺѣѾڴƬ溣ӿһЩӰ
ֻһϳʲôˣһͷߣ콢к͵͵ȡߣû뵽ô׾ҵ
ʵϾͷϰٸͷĶʱ䳤ˣγһ
ǵȥ
ŮҲ޷һֱӴ߶³ȥںʥʵѾȣȻǲ


һʮ ׹
ȵ׳УǰͷͻȻͷٳֱӳײȥÿһͷͬͷСײУ϶ñ
ֶξˣǴ߶׶㿪ͬʱ˿˲乥ͷһն䣬ʱͷ۵˻ںˮзѣӶͷѪҺҲĽ䵽ʯϣȻǷ̵ĸʴ졣
ֻһ棬ͱնͷͷǼĽʮͷӵеײе˺ҧеһͶҺ
˵ʵŮԪ֣̱ɱΪͷһԪ߼ĺ֣ϧ
ٿջԲ˫ֶʱǰʲô޷˫ֵķȫֵͬʱ߶˫֣˿УգֱǴݻٶԷʮͷ
߲ҽһ֪Уǳ뺣УȻǴߡ
Ҳûͬף֪ͨʲôطͷ߳˴϶ҪӻϳԼպÿ˳ϣ澿ʲôȻĿһ콢Ĳк
һҲһͷ뺣У澹ȻǱж졣
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׷ȥһȦǺҲû콢ĲкҲ֪Ǳ˵ʲôطΨһǸͷߣȻǲˡ
׷Ǹۣͨ׷һоԼӦѾ뿪˳ȵķΧʲôط֪Ԫĺʵ̫޴󣬾ҲԪĺжȻҲ֪֮ʲô
˵֪ǻƽһ;һ϶Ҳ֪Ƕ½صİ˵֮£һƬδ֪
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˵ԪԪżֵĴ˵ҲǿѨ磬Ԫż֣ʹԪС
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ҲǻضŶԷ͹ȥһʶѯʶԷǲǰմӳ͵˾޴кʶͨкôԷʹõѹᣬҲԽйͨ
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Ȼͷ߶ԹҪ֪֮ǰնһԴһľ²类ߣһ룬ֻʣ¹ͺͺһѿޱȣһʵ
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ͷ¶˿־壬ȻŻһ㣬뵽ǿ󣬰ͷЦһ˭Ž׵ԪżҲûãǺа֮һһԪżĸˣҲԺ˶壬Ҫ֪嵱УĸﵽԪżĸ֡
ǰͷûٶ˵ǰ·Ȼû֮ǰʱô٣ٶҲҲЩʧҲֲ嶫ǺˮĵƸӳ̶˿½ϲӲ׳Կ޴ޱȵĹ֣ͬӵԨҲк״Ƭɺ֣½Ҳãиʵĺ׸ɽߵֱӿͻƺ棬Ϊ졣
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ͷԹ޵ĿһۣȻŽԭί˵ҪǾ޴кġ
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һСӳԪ弶ݣôܺȳԪ߼İͷߡ
⺣ӳϰԵĳҲ˭̹ȥȻ͵ظɱ
ɱһڣΧսʿǽеĳꪺ𣬳ָȥߣ̾Ͷֵļơ
üͷһ壬⺣Ҳ̫Եˣȡ߳ȵ콣кԼҪȻҪԼߣ˶Уһ治뿪콢кҪǶҲҪôԵô³
ûҪЩҲҶ֣֣Ȼ
ǺӳˣɲǲȻŭŪһ֣ʹݣ
ͷһǴһ£Ҫߣȥһ仰ֱӽԭء
ߣھ㣡
ɱԪļĺսʿһĳǵһִоݵĳì˿̳ìϺգ֮ʹ
ֻǿһ֪Щʹõ򵥣ǾݳìϾȻһоΣյϢʱʦͻȻ벻⺣徹ȻԼӹֲҪǧټƵŪ콢Ĳк
ŻȻЩ徹ȻʹֲԼов


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ֻԷʵҲûã㶼ûж㣬˫һץһһͽĳìץֱӶ˹һҪ˹һƴҵĺˮγһɳֱӽȵѪɡ
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˲ʱ䣬ΧĺˮѹΧ߮һЩȺǱһεѹһѪˮ
Ȼ֪ԷõʲôƬǴϿѾﵽƬˮƽһֻԪ弶ĺ壬ȻԴ߶⺣Ȼ򵥡
ϧҲ壬ҲǼһ߼˹ȥ˲һɺǸӳ߷ˮѹһǺ漸Ҳһ㵵ıһڴһŹֵĺݣղѾһֻûһ
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⻰ǺˣǰͷʵȻô˽ⶫ壬˵˵ôˡ
ͷЦһȻǲˣüϹһնͷһͷ
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һԲֱӶ֣ǰͷҲ˸Ǻֻǽ˵˳
˺ֹǸճʱԪӵ츳ƿֶΣﵽԪ߼ĸ٣Ԫ˼ҲжʮԪżҲĸǿսһ֮ôֵ
һ㣬ҲǰľⶫﾹȻĸԪż֣ʵǴԤϣ½ϣ˱۾һԪżԺߣƽһ嶼Ҫⶫ徹ȻﵽԪżĸֲ֣ͷ˾£ֲøղǼ˵š
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Ҳӣ֪ⶫӵпԽӹΪֶκ͸ˡ
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ԷĸԪżôҪĶһҪȡ
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һ̴ԶǾ޴Ķĺ֮Уγĺ壬Ӧ֮ǰĺݶģԿȥȻһƬ
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ʣһﵽԪżĸ֣Ͱ˱۾˵ʵ޼
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ܿЩͽĺȫΧԭ߮ڸĸȺƺҲܵ˿ֲգ롣
ôɵĿ彫ԼΧȻּĸУٶĺҲвĿ⻹ǸﵽԪżĺϡ
Էͬһεǰǿ˿ˣֿһһɪɪİͷߣŽĿɨ
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ԪżѾԪ۷ˣһ£ּĸ־ǷëǣǶҲԵ޹ʵǡ
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Ѱ·Ǿżһһ͵̧еºݺһն
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ʧˣΪһսʵϣҪǿö࣬ԪżҲиߵ֣֮ڵʵҲԲͨԪżܸġ
նӭնȴ̧һץץ˿е޽þûýˣȻնңҲնؾϣܽӵס
ʵս彣޽͵һʱһɸĽâХǽˮһΪâĺˮǱ˲


һʮ սż
Ҫ˵ǿԪ߼ʵýնɱ֣ͬԪżĽȻҲˮǴ߽ȣ彣˵۹Ϊ͵ĹֶΣһʩչչֳΪֲƣǾ޴ĽâаףնˣǾżնһ
նײһ𣬾޴ײֱӽΧĺˮܼѹγһ׷Χյشˮֲֳڣˮͬһ£ܿ캣ˮһ޴Ŀ¹
һ±ϿȻǾżĹ໥ʵռƣײ֮ĳ󲿷ֶӿ˶ľżԼΧĺ壬߳˺ӿ֮⾹ȻûбӰ죬۶棬һƬ΢һĺǱ˺飬ǾżҲΪǱֻʵǿûˡ
ʲôնȻѹһͷżҲ򵥣ɫȻһ̣ȡſƬӳеϣֳһꪴһһꪵĲӰХͬ׵ƺˮȥԷԲĹʼʩͬ޽һ̳
ͬԳĻ𳵣һײһ
һα˸췭ظһɾˮȻըϰ׸ߵĺˣһȻռϷ磬ֻ޽˿ȴͻȻžһȻѿһơ

ͷһԼȣʵԪż߶ĽҲǱ֮ǰ˺ֹٱ޽޽ԼԪ߼ʱʹȻǵӦ֣ԪżԼ߶Щˡ
ֻȻռϷ磬ĽȴѾ˱ıԵ
޽ãҲ˸飬Ȼٴ߶һΣȻ᳹ѣֱӱ
ľżȻζж·磬ѹƣǴ˿̿гѣǿЦһҳʵûкһ֧ȴҶƾҾͿԽնɱɣ
˵꣬Ȼǹ˵У㲡Ҫ
˿ûȻ޷ʩչǿʩչҲۿۡ
һγƱ֮ǰҪǿ㲻ܣС޽ٿջԲʩչ˫֡
˹ͣ˫־ǷǿĹɷ
Ҳֻزȷû˿Чã˿ص͵ϮʺӲӲս
޽ˣղǾż崵ĺţƣðһ⡣
ǾǽԷռΪС
ƽߣҳûǧʯרǿʩչģһ̻ƽ֣߽߳תơ
Ŀ꣬Ǿż
߾żĹոձ˫赲ûӦ͸оһϢæͷһȴǿףͬһȭʹ
˿߶£˾ͬޣĽսʵߣ˿̣ҪߣֻҪܽ򱬡
ڵһά粻ʹÿƬƾǿͿֲĽսʵŴһƬ졣
˿Ǿż屻ȻͬΪԪż⺣ⲫԺһϣͻȻϮ֮£ȻĿɿڴһֲ
飡
ȭȥǾżͱһȭˣȭԻɱԪ˼ˣǶϾż֣Ȼ޷Է˻û⣬żƬأڶʱڱͷת򲻱涫
ȵعʩչֶζ㿪ʱ򣬲ŷһգԼȻˡ
ȻǱղӲĶߣźꪵԼĶͷǾẓ̇ƬһѤâ
ѺꪻңһȡһſƬ߶һͱ߶ȾԳףں׼ֱͬһһץ
ͬʱΧЩսʿҲηѣ̿ʼΧ
ҾͿǲ˵ôã˿մӶԷĺꪣ˫ǰټףֱһ׼װʿֻͣ׺ͶƸһԿΪЦ
ǸЦ£˿־ʵ
⺣ʩչ彣ͷһγԣȻЩ㣬ǻ˵Ǳ޽̫ˡ
ֶԪ϶ȣƻ͹޽ܱģȫӳ棬⺣ҲǿԳܣᵣΪ顣
սⰻȻ;;ż壬սʿͼսһ
Ӷǰһɨʮսʿͱɨɣ˿̵ңǾż弴Ǿ޴壬Ҳ޷ѹסͬʱ߶˺ܶ෨Ƭжֲİ˼޷޷˫ֵķ
Ǳǿ޵
ʱǾżٴ֪ƾԼһ˾ԲĶ֣룬ŲԸȡһſƬһһ޴ĺӳ֣˼ΪƺԴݵ
ҳǿϾֻһˣܿͻ֪ŭǶһĺżһ̣͸оɱżǿϢӲͬķٸ
Ȼһĵֻ̲һǣһĺǣǾ޴ĺӣӦþǿٻżĵߡ
Ѿ֪ĴԪż֣ӣһȫˡ
һ̣򣬳ӰǺ֮ǰżӲ࣬һŮеͬһֳһѳһֳһķȣǸģ޵ĺŮԣȻһֻ
ʶԪż֣ұȰ˱۾˺֮ǰʹúꪵľżҪǿ
̸ܵ˼ѹǱ߾żںͬ彲ҶԺսżҲһɱӣҲٶ˵ˣ⺣ſˣΪ޵У˵ʲôûãǽҲûãõİ취Ƕˣǲܺú˵
һĸԪż֪Լ붯ˣп﷭
ȡͨ׭ٻŮʬȻĸԪżĸ֣϶ҲҪս
ȻͬģǸȳ龭ֱӿȻҲǴŮʬĸż漤սһ


һʮ ս
ԪżּսĿֲ𵴣˶ǧףǰͷҵߣʵǲҼ˭˭Ӯ¶ȻˣҪġ
ĺ˿ҲΧʵãһܾܿͻᱻֻЩﵽԪ˼ĸֲܿսΧֻӵжֶεôԪ˼
ȻͬʱԪż֣ҲѹֻⷴǼս⣬˿ֳִӵĺꪣŶżһͬԼնӭȥеĳһٰʮȺɨɨһˮѹ̩ͬɽѹ˹ȥ
ľż̵ֵͬʱץסᷴÿһζ޴ĶһƬѾò
ֻһˣʵǿôȫ֣һԽɱһʼǸż˿̲ȡ߼ƬͬʱȻϺףȴľѣ˿ǶĸżһΧһˣȻֻռƣ뷨ӦǿԴһʤŶԡ
ǰ׵ʵ̫ǿһ޴ԱҪɱ
ʵ˿̲һսŮʬʵǿᣬͬʱԸԪżĺ壬ǱҲĬֳֳľżսǿҲֻǿֳֳֵľż嶯ɣԶ빥Ҫ˵вв󣬿˵û˫ʵǿԪżҲԻĴֵΧɱ
Ȼǳˣʬ׵ʱŮʬõ˫˴óΪ˫ڣܲõ͵Ϯ𿴶ԷһϮɱԪż˫ܽԷıɱһ赲
ǸֳַȵľżǲͷŷҪ˵ввǵڶģùŮ嶯ɣٶȼ죬Ҫץ϶ףҪԸǸֳַȵĺȴס
ּսһץסһᣬȻӳꪽԼĳˣתǸһǿľż塣
ԷڵĵطϰԶĿǰٶգۼĶҲǾż֣ǷӦ㲻ܣȴЦһ޴˶˾ӵ֮ͿʩչżںҺսΪҾͿ͵ϮɹЦ
˵⺣˾ȡһɢɫƵĿƬȻ
ˮף
һ̣ſƬȻγһɹŹֵϽɫˮٱһʮ׵ģǸ˾С
ʱԶǸֳֹŮһ͵Ϯһƣǿޱȣˮֿʯ쾪ƣʣʸҲȻ˵κһԪż޷һ
ѹûҪ˼һǰ˫Ѿһ㵲Ǽʸķһ̣˫㣬촫һֲĳ֮һɽ޷ܽӶĳ𶯣¡һ飬ʱӿ
ôܣȻֵˣùŮɫûмǿߣȻԽӶ赲ԼɱԪżֵļʸһʼ緢Ҫ˻ɱ̬ͬ˿̵ͷһ⡣
ǹŹֵ˫ֱǼ᲻ɴݣҾͲһֱȥ˾ˮ׿Ǿż۷ķԷҲԲܹƣǾͳŶԷ˾ǿһһҪ˻ɱҵĺꪣһʼǸż˿̺˵
˵赲ǿֲһ֮̾ͷԼ˫ϳѺۡ
ȻԷĹ̫ǿ赲⼸ѾǵＫˣаԼ˫ȻӵǿҲʹãԼ޵ˣǿĶܣҲбƵʱԼˣսپ˫һƣԼΣˡ
뵽ҲǴԼǿˡ
ÿǰˮЦĺ˾ХһŪɣ
˵̴ۣ꣬߶
ŹֵںףˮǻϵĻյʢһͿԿⲻͨĻ档
һĻĺ˾ҲˣԷɺη壬Цʲôܹҵˮף֪ԪзĴڡ
ȻѹԹķ
Ҳöǰһֱӵۺͬʱ˲ʱ䣬һɳ׽ǰ滹ڴЦĺ˾֣ˣֲĺͬһͨƺֱգ֮ˮ˲γһˮյش׵ʯҲ˲ڻγһƬҽ֮ء
ԪڶʩչһΣһɱԪ½İ˱۾ˣڶʩչͬΪԪżĺ˾񱻻֪ǿƣҪɱԪżʵ׾١
εƣһʩչͨ쳹أ˿֮к͵¡ʦ̸Ŀʦ˿Ȼ̧ͷڵķǶһ仰˲ʧ
¡ʦ뼤սȥ
ɿ뿪ǵ¡ʦҲûзӦĿɿڴòŹһЦпһˣ벻Щ󱲳ɳô죬ԼӦһƣǾǿ˵ˣܱƵʩչǶֶȻһ㣬ΪˣŻżȥæ
¡ʦ˵꣬ɾɲȥ֣ͿڵʵѾǿ̫࣬ȥæﲻϷҡ
ͬ¡ʦƲģΪʩչŻżϾʩչĶ֣ٶԪżΪԿŻʩչʦŲ֮ٸ
ˣӵпٶȣǰĿҲļŲƣӡ̳ļвǾҵź
Ǹʱ𣬿֪ԼںϵʦȻǺŮʬǸʱڵ壬Ȼ൱Ҳ֪ԼĳʵǷ彫Ӽвдʱ˯ǧ꣬ȻɳֻμѾʧҪ޷ӳʦһʵֱһθв磬źлͬ崫С
˿̲ӵбҪǿսνԪżѹʵĽѹʵԿ϶ԼʵѾﵽԪż۷壬ѾͻƵǰδеԪʮ
ǿʵҪػԵһʱĺܿߵؽ׷ɱ˹ǸǼӿٶȣһŲƱǧܿ͵˾½Զĺ


һʮ Ԫʮ
ʱſûȫɢͬҲںԪżԳֵ
һ̣һѾǳߡ
ֲٶĿռγ֮ɢһ¾ĺ˼ͷһʱˡ
ʦôˣ
ԹƵĵһۣƺڹܳȻɨһĿ¶ĺʵʲôˣ
׼ش𣬾ͿǸֳֳŮ循ֵĿſʦżҲһ
˿̿ʦԪԪȻͬһڿ֫ЩԪ峬һͻɢȥͬһŹֵ·һ
ڣǸֳֳŮԪԪʮ
һѹ˵ģǱųģˣҪ֪ǺԪżĸ֣ɽǰɫ䣬ɴ˿ֻп־壬޾Ŀ־塣
żҲһȻû˵ͬſ־֮ɫ
˿̲ŷӦæԪ̽飬ǷһҲŵ飬ǾǿʦԪȼѾԽԪżȻǱԪżҪһĴڡ
ԪżǿɲԪʮ
ԪʷϣûгֹԪʮĸ֣Ҳһ£𺳵ĹǺ֪֮ܿǰʦѹʵ˿̻ΪԼԲȫʵȫ
жԶʦȻûϨʱٶȣǻŲҲУĳŲƣԪżҪߣɿʦûһ˥ļ󣬲ʣǿ϶ѾͻƵԪʮԵʡ
֮ǾǾϲȻԪżɱҲ£֮ϻеؽ֮ǰ߲ͨѾ֪ؽʵɲ⣬Լ¹Ƕ֣ʦҲô˵ԭؽͻȻɱô죬ڿԪʮĿʦӦǲˡ
εǻۣĿһ֪ʲô̵֮ǰȷʵиǿĵˣʱһֵܵһǵؽܸоڵҲĶֻ֣һһӡ֮ôǵ֮
ȻҲ֪ʦΪԪʮȻҲǴ£ԼҲһֻݡ
˵ؽ˵¶Ըⶫ壬ԪʮĿʦǶԸҲҪ׺ܶˡ
˿֮ǰͷŵȼԾǸ˾Ȼûб˿̶ԷǱյǱˣΪԷ֮ǰʩչǸżǿԵʣˮϵͻˣԲǿֵӹһ
ȻûղҲλ˾ĵӣ˿һ־壬ѾٺΪУΪһζԷʩչղֹ˵ɡ
ԼһĴ˾УżҲпǸ˺ꪵľż廹ԥǸֳֹŮѾ˹̵䣬ˣ֮ǰǶ岻ԣȡĶһȫ⣬ǻ⳥㹻ĶУǶ巢ģԲȾָء
徹Ȼˣڲ֮ǰǻҪΧɱһͿ֪ٴȥ嶼Ҫ˶
һ¾ͽ˾ûҲΪ˾ˮֶǵеһղžǱˡ
һˣǾͶԸˣ˵һﵽԪʮĿԪʮǿԪʮ˵иܴﵽĵȼ˿̾Ȼĳ֣ǶԲٴ
ŮںеλͣȻֱúѪ⼸żҲû飬Ĵ˾ǱƵӣǸߺꪵľżҲ֨ˡǹϵʱȻΪһŭֲǵĴڣҲ൱ڣ֪Էôͽ͵ߵľ޴кȥˡ
˿˵Ϣ˵ĺ˿ͻȻ˵񾭽ȻŭҲҷֻǵĺ󻰡
ͣȻҲϾɱͺ嵹û̫ǵĳޣֻҪɣԼռ˾ԵϷ磬ԴʨӴ󿪿ڣúúóѪ֮ǰô裬ۻǱǡ
ôǰԼ
һ˵ҪԲԶ̡ԲӦ̷
ɲǲӦԪʮͬɽѹϣӦǻѡ
Ծٲʣ˿ҲֻܴʣͬҪ
ܿ죬ðͷ͵ߵ콢кȫȡںһǸִССƬ飬ЩֱǶѳһСɽ
вÿһսʿԵõҲһ֮ơ
˶壬Ҳˣովһս˿ǾЩ壬ܴܲﵽʦ˵תľ硣
Ϳʦ˵һ̽ٻ˳
Ҫ˵ҲǾ޴ˣϰ׳ſһкɵʱ򣬾һ󵰸ſһֻӬô
ƣɵȫתڡ
͸оһɹԴԴϵӿڣˢϴԼʶ壬ָо൱һǳƣˣ˿ˮϴ裬ĴϣһַİĦʦĦһ
ʱƣɵѾǵ˼ޣһ£ܷǴ˿̾ƫƫˣӵ޵ǿ壬ڻԴԴϵ幩ɡ
һƿӣװˮ֮ͻһ˿װҲᷢһЩ仯ǣ屻Ŵˡ
˵֮ǰĸоͬܣһ߳СĻô˿ֱӴõ̴ܵʹ
ʱʦ˵ˡ
סǱرḶ́ɵֻͨ϶Ǳɵ壬ôȻֻͬҪ壬ôͿԳΪ̬ʶΪһ壬ɽһҲ֪ûУǾ˺һʱ־磡
˵Լ˵ʶڵĻҲУǴ˿ͻȻľʹԷȻ׼ҲΪԼ־㹻ǿ󣬿־ʹʵܣ壬ʶҲһ


һʮ ת
ˮż尾Ǳ߶ʦء
඼ԲУҪ֪ڵĵ˿ǵؽǼһ˵ȫʢʱҪ콢ܿܶҪǿҪȻ콢Ҳ䵽ⲽأֶ֣Ҫڶʱʵֻܽƫ棬㼸ǧʱʵֻҪɵӿ϶֣һӡ֮õġ
Щ䣬˵վ˵ۣб֮ģǴ˿ʶֿ챨ըһʹϾ˵ֻǿֵ
ʱӡҲŲó̵ֻܹʵ־
棬Ҳǿ¶ʹɫһߣڣЩԲ
ʱһһĹȥ˿ΧѾǰһ㲻͸ţʵʵ
Զδĺ˿̶ҿǿǾ޴ޱͬһĹڲϵЩкʹõĸԪżĺҲûмַ˼顣
Ǹ˾ʲôȻǹǸ޴кǵ
֪ǧҪȥǸԪʮĸ־һߣ
ѾǵսľҲûܣΪǺǱϣܶУֻǶһԿš
УѾͬע룬ѾʼеѪܣƤǹڳ׸壬ÿһ׶εĸ춼Ƿǳʹġ
Ƥһʼջǣ֮ͬƬһͬʱʱ޿˿һ㣬ʹֱ޷һֱȵ۵㣬תΪʱƤŻᱻ죬תΪ顣
ֻǿʼ滹м֯ҲһҪ޾ʹתѪܣÿһ죬һۣѪ֮࣬ǹ͹衣
ʱֱЦʣʹԲһģƫƫͦȥˡ
ֻ˵תʵĹ̲ŸոһСֶѡ
ѵں棬Ǿ黯
Ҫʹֵȼɵ͵߷ΪһżôתʱʹȼҲﵽļʶĸ죬ʹȼ弶һֱߵľż
Լ屻죬̵ľֻһˣڻڣǾǻ
Щʦ֮ǰ˵ҲһЩ׼Լʹʱһ˿
ͬգҪǧһ˿ڴԼ壬Լʶ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãʹȥĸоУǹȥһ꣬һǧһ
ڳˣ
ʦ˿̴ŷӦ֮ǰһУһоΪ
һ˲ʧǹŹֵǣȴǿԸоһУУһںϳһָоûио˺һĸоܸоһУԽκһֽת͸죬ͬʶһΪһ壬ûзֱˡ
ڵû塢ʶһ˵ѾǻΪһ塣
ѾɹתΪ壬壬ǾΪһ壬ʵҲ˻ܶ࣬Ҫ֪־ǵķҶûдﵽֻйУҲˣԻҪȹǿΣԺԼУʦҲǷǳˣתΪ飬ʶҲǿʮ˿ѾԸоʦڡ
һ䷿ӣ˶ڷ֪ڣȴ֪λãڣѾȫƿӣ˵ӣȻһУ޷ٶΣᱻ֡
˿̶ʦɵؤģһƬƽϣžƣһѡ
˸оʦڣԸоһڡ
ǾѾ׳˯콢
ΪԼΧ콢ǲлֱֵĹҲ˺ľ壬һĳ˯콢˵ֳ˯ͬΪһ£ǾԲѹ
Ѿת飬оһУڿֱӽע뵽콢ǲл굱У²ѵ콢ѡ
̽ʶͷųȥ絽Լޣʱ֪Լת飬ȻѾȥʱ䡣
޸󲿷ֵкѾɵˣתãʣĲ࣬Ҳ١
޽ʣкȫɣЩ㼯Ȼȫע뵽콢ǳ˯Ĳл굱С
ʶУ콢Ĳл˿һΡɽУһ޴콢кΪлʶУַʽ콢ȫò
콢ܴ󣬵òûҲǺ󣬶ҺĹ岻ͬǣ콢ֽ壬ľʣһҾ޴ľʷ
ӣţ콢
˭뵽ϴλĽе׽Ȼֻһ޴ľʽҪСһ㡣
ΪһС콢ӶԷΰԼϿԷͲխͲĹ壬һȻͬ
Ϊ֪ԼҪԼǿĵؽһս֪ĵϸ
Щû˱콢Ϥ
ΪЩԭŻ뷨Ѿѹ
ʶռף˵˿תΪ壬ԼʶռѾǴﵽ׼˿̧һץͽ͹ĴץһŹŹֵҺ塣
Һͬˮһ㣬ȥǳĳأƺлһڲ䶯
ԭʼ̬ΪҺΣ˿ץһҺ͵˸ǳڴɽϵ콢лԱߡ
콢û㣬ҲܻڣҲǻһ飡ž޴ޱȵ콢л꣬Ȼһ˹ȥ
˲䣬һͬˮҺͿţ콢лԭһľʾ޴ѾòûһõĵطһҺ޸£ָ
ܿ죬еҺ콢л굱Уâ֮о죬ȳ˯콢˹
㣬ȻԻң֮콢Ĳл̬Ưڰգһϵ
콢ңҰҲȻ˿ҲƯ콢Ϣֻǲл״̬о߲ʣڣԼѾ콢ѹˡ
콢ǹλ׽Ĭ֮͵˿̵״̬
˲㾹Ȼת飬϶Ƕʦ⣬һ󵨣콢Կĵϸ˿һ˴Զ粽գ۾͵һƺ«ؤʦ


һʮһ ǿĶ
˵콢ڱ˵˳̿ɲصôҲΪҪȻô͵ؽʦֵɵģֻ֪ŪʦʱǶôĿֲ˭òࡣ
콢Ҫȶʦغܶ࣬ʦĻһʧʲô͵ؽˣ
ǰɣ˵ͷ֮ǰľһЩȻµӡ֮ʵͻͽ֮󣬾콢Ҳզ಻ѡ
ʵͶӰһ޷ֵڣ㾹ȻѾӡӡ̳һСˣô͵ؽǼһʵԲܱġ콢ȻĳɳΪοȻΪģΪĶ֣ǵؽ
ؽ뵽֣콢ֻ̾ϢļһĻĻӿ𣬿˵ڵؽжǿ콢˭ΪˣŻ˵ĵġ
¶Ҳйϵʦʱ򿪿ˣ㵱չ¶Ϣ룬Ϣ͸¶˵ؽԵؽ·Ź𣿡
ʦȻ֪飬˿һ仰콢̾һ
ʦ㶼֪ˣҲûʲôˣûǵؽ͵ϮңһǷԪ統УֶɺͲ˵Ը֪һţ϶᲻ϧһҪҳɱ˵Ҳˣ
νһЦЩ²⣬˿ֻȷ˶ѡ
콢һ㣬Ҳѯʵؽԭ˺ܼ򵥣˭ҺãҼӱ˭ҲãҾŪؽǿôһ·ĵĸǸʱǿ󣬺ǱȣҾһϣӮҶؽңҲȥʶȤֻܺˣ˿̼ᶨ˵ƺ콢һ
Ȼ˵û˵ǸʱһһڵϣʤõӡѹģһϾܿǱ
˵ûֻһҪ㣬ؽǿʵѾȫʢʱһǸǿǶʦȫʢʱҲԲǵؽĶ֣˵Ǳ߶ʦһۣҲû˵콢˵Ҳʵؽȷǿޱȣһֻһʶ߲ͨЩ˶ȥ
콢˼ǳԣǾǼתǵؽĶ֡
Ҳδذɣʵ㲻ǵؽҪɱӦѾǴ´࣬˵а֣ӼвռȥϹ壬İ֣ʵֻǿʦһھƣΪм˵Ȼ콢ؽʵǿܲ⡣
Ϲ壿콢һ㶣ǹһЦ֪ɽʦɣǿϹЩڻţҲǵؽĶ֣ˣô˵һţ˵ɣؽʵֻеķܱ⣬ֻз渴ѹҲΪʲôûҵؽԭڵؽжǿҿۼ
˵꣬콢һŷǳϵĻںһöڵڵڿкһС
е߲УԲͬеɫǻҰɫһϢϢӡϸе
ʦһǾʱ콢㾹Ȼʱ
ʦı飬ƺǶô˲飬һ䣬ʦ̵ƿӡ֮ǿһʱͨҶֻ˵ƹӡʱҲһ㣬˵һֿԽ뵽ĳһʱάȵһУڲǶ֣ôԻصǰʱάɱΪڹȥǸ˵ʵûгɳ
ʶʱжôֲˣֻܿ콢͵ôᱻѹʵֻһʱͶӰֻܿȥ飬޷и棬˵ˣֻҼһ죬ˣǽȥͿԿҺ͵ؽսˣ
ͶʦʱǺĴǷֱͶУһΧľɫ任Ͷʦͽ뵽콢ļ䵱С
ΧĻȻԪ磬ֻʼԪ磬Կܶྪڵ汼ܣһЩûмķʡ
һжôʵȻⲢǵļ䣬ͬ콢˵ʵ֮ʱͶӰ
Ըܵӭ洵ķ磬һ˿˿ľͺˮʪΪԶһƬ󺣡
ӦǺܾǰԪ磡һԵĶʦҲȤĴǰһС
ʱͻȻһ޴ޱȵУһʮ־޴ľзɳһϳ콢
ǧ׶೤ĴӴޱȣ˿ܸܵ콢ʵȷǷǳǿҪҪǿ̫ࡣ
˿콢ں͵սͨһͷҲðһӰ
һӦ϶ǸӰǵؽܿ죬ͷ׷ģȻһźɫҺ塣
һ̣Һͱ任̬һ߳ʮףɽɵƤˡ
ǵؽʶһ䣬ȻǾܽȻͶӰǵģʱĴǲܷͶʦģҲǡ
ֻǵؽһ֣ʦ˿Ҳɫ콢飬Ҳֻ֪һֱΪ콢ǵؽ͵ϮıƵƣڿô£ؽȻûжȫֻ˱һ֣ʹսѹ콢
ؽȻôǿʦ˿˵ֻǱһ־ͿԽ콢ѹƣؽǿʲôز
Ҳô˵ģǾҪǿֵ⣬ֻǵҿԺ׵ĸ㣬ǷҲδǵؽĶ֣ؽӵйΪ޴ͣ壬Կһ磬пƵؽİ취ҲΪˣؽŻҸϾɱ콢ʱʱͶӰʱԼʦͨ
ˣʦһ͸ؽǿھԵڶӡĿԼʱƿأûɡ
ʦĻҲ򣬾һǿ׳岫ϼǿһȻоƣǸҲǺ޻֮㹻ǹеһͿȸɵǸֻս
콢ǸˣӵǹǹеԿƵؽֶΡ
ʦղ˵ʱĿƣôʱ䡯Ӧþ콢ֶκ


һʮ ؽĿֲ
˿ʱͶӰ콢͵ؽķѾǼսһ𣬿˵ذһƬ꼰㣬ɽϣˮǿɥⳡ涺ģ콢͵ؽսƵ˺֮ϣʱؽͻȻһйۼ콢Ҫܵشʱ콢ΧΧȻһŹֵУʱƺؽĹҲ
ԭˣˣ콢ǿ󣬲ͺѹʽѾ˶ʱĳƣٿΧγʱֶεȷǷ˼ؽǿôܻʱ콢
ֻҪһĹУ콢ܵشҲʱɽõû֮ǰȻòƺ޹ģ֪дƣ޷ʱ޸ˡ
ƿعӡǿ߶֪ҲӦþ߱ؽ϶Ҳֻ콢سʱôÿ϶ͬ
սڼͻȻƿ֮ϣȻһٶȼ죬ֱܶܣһϮʱҲǰյļΪǡƫƫڵؽոǿ콢ǰ߸ոշʱʱ
ʱ׶콢Ȼ޷ʩչʱ޷ܣֱӱһУ˲䱻һֻоǰһ㱣ٵ콢ԼٶȻָǶʱõõûǰ
һոǴƿ֮µĹͳùϮҲ֪콢ʲôֶӦԣȻǴӿʮӲͬĽǶȽпֲĹ
Բܶȥ˵һǶʦҲ˹۵㣬ȷֹʵ־ԲܶȥҴ˿̸պ콢бõʱܵǱȻᱻ١
˵ⶼѾ飬ҲǼΪź;ģͬڷһ
ǽ콢ȻȻƶһֲ˼ĽǶתӴ壬ȻǽЩȫˣ콢ڵ׼͵Ϯĵؽ˸飬֪ԷλúͶܷһ
ǣˣ콢һֿǶĹһٻɱ˵ؽ
ԭˣ콢ֲõؽ˼ɵ㣬㾹Ȼʱ򣬻ռʱ䣬㡭㾿ôģʦһɵˣԵ塣
Ӵӡʱ仹̣ûʲô˼ܿ죬ʦ콢͸ˡ
˵ʱãΧʱ䲻仯ǰУ仯ֻԼռãǾˡ
˵ǴһϷõĴ浵һҪͨһԹһԲͨĿԼΪ㣬Ǵ浵Ϸʱ䣬Ҳ˵νгԣ߹еĲڣе壬γԣǾɵҲͨԹˣֻʱ˲֪˸޷
Ǹղ콢˼޷ǿδ֪һ㹥͵Ϯĵؽɱ
콢Ϊֲ
˿ͻȻףΪʲôؽ˾콢Ϊӵʱ콢޵еģֻҪӵʱôͽڲ֮ء
ֲõؽ֪콢û˺£Ҫ潫ɱΪһ콢³
ֻ֣Ȼ콢ӵֽ޵еΪʲôᱻؽѹ
֪ʲôȷӵǸʱ˵޵еģΪֻҪԷɱңҾͻռʱ䣬Ҳһȱݡ콢˿
ʲôȱݣҪ֪ԭ̲סʵ
Ǿ˸ͬһ磬ôռʱöǾЧģҲ޷Ԥ֪һĵ˹ؽоҵ㣬ֻǲȴӲñսıĿռ䣬Լû֪ʲôط콢˵꣬̾˿ֵҵؽΪ˶Ըңνɷѿģ׼ҿƿʱ򣬵ǿ棬Ƿǵһǿߣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҡͷץӸΣĲˡ
˵ʦ˿˵浱ƿӡõǿռһĿռ䣬Թռĵˣ˵ԵĿ콢û´ؽӦþȡ˷һ㲻֪Ŀռ乥㣬ʱЧգ㻹Ǳɱ𣿡
û콢͸һ˿ΣǼɡ
ǰʱͶӰеؽϮͬʱ֪ʲôֶΣȻһֲֿĹǾǽһƬĿռ䳹ңͬһָͬʱӲ֪ʲôռĹ콢ϣͬʱ벻ͬĿռѵУһ콢޶ȵƣǱܣȻ󱻴뺣򡣶һƬΪռңºˮ¹ȥռ֮ɢҲɾ
ȫľ콢һս˵ư磬վǰˣΪؽ׼ǲ֪ʲôȡ˷Ĳһٻ콢һмƻһǲִٱ˭˭ӮȻǲҪʡ
һʱӰתʱͶӰʧΧľ»ָ
֪ؽĿֲ𣿿˵ӵзĲ󣬾ͽأһ˭κβǣǿԻ֪ڡ콢˵꣬ѾüͷŶԲˣʦҲһ͹žƣͷ˼
ȷ콢ղǰԼһæν֪֪˲ܰս֮ǰڵؽ֪٣ô͵ؽϣǰٷְٻ䡣
Ǿ֪ôͷڹһĵؽؽڶ֪ô
Ҳ뷨÷أʱһ䡣
УѾؽã޷õˣȻĸȴ֪ӡƿصûУ˵ʲôҲûáʦһҡͷ
𣿡ͻȻһ֣ƺ뵽ʲôкץסеĹؼָоǳܣԽҪ֪ԽǺ͹ؼֻһֽƫƫͱһֽ
ˣ˺δ뵽˹ؼȻؽǷôԼβһ֡
ҵ֪ǸطȥΣգʦ˿˵
ûϵֻȥԣ⣬콢Խʱƿｻ𣿡ֳ콢ʵ
ߺǺһЦ֮ǰȻǲܣô壬ѣҵǿԳһ£ǲұ֤һɹ
ûϵ㣬ͺã˿̶־ߣһ·ÿÿǿĵˣϮܣһҲһؽȷǿ󣬿ƫҪԣңⲻ£ǵؽ۸ͷϣѵ


һʮ Ϯ
ʱ뵽һ顣
Ȼ㵽ԪǰȫģȷԵؽֶγҵ
Էûԭ򣬺ܿ粢ԭǸԪ磬һƳ磬ʱ뵽һ£ʱԼǺӹ˾ֲʱôͨǸӡƬƳһԪġ
룬ֱЩ˼飬ֻʱļʶԶڣǸʱȻΪԣĿǰʱȻʲôԭ
ʦ콢ƹܹӡĴڣͽ¸ǡ
£ʦ̳Ծ˵ܿͷӦһ콢ˣ콢ģ԰ɣ
ʱҲ뵽һ㣬ȷʱ콢ӦҲԼڣ콣һԶʱͿռеĳǿߣҪ˵˭һ㣬ǷĪ
콢ûзϣǳˡ
ûң˵һڱؽܺ󣬾֪Լʱ޷ҵһ£ʱŵ˱ϣһά磬Ȼ󴥷һһջҾջʵʱգֱջʱάȳ֣Ǽң޷ƿˣʱڡ콢˵꣬ȻֵղĵҲûԵؽҵҲˡ
磬ڽĵȴЩҲһ˿екһգҲȶǳٳٲҲ֪˳˳
ʱ򣬰ͻȻȫ˵ڣֳӰ
ʱѾջף˿ȥûκ״ǿ翭ĴڻܿʵѾʵı仯
һ壬Ҳ˵û壬ͬҲû꣬ΪѾǺ϶Ϊһһ壬ֺһľʵо塣
һ۾ɫûתϲΪ֮ǰʶռѾ֪ڵ鷳ؽʱҵץһʱ䡣
һˣжʦ콢֣Ҫͷһ⡣
ƣӡ֣ӡͿһЩ飬һٵĵռ䣬Ȼյؽ룬һͲӰ쵽Ԫ磬Ҳǣˡ
ֻҪӡһٵĵռ䣬Ŀǰӡƿػõת飬صǣ⻯Ρ
һ̣ͻȻʼһʵĶȻǱһֳ־ƺ«ؤ
һĻ˵Щɵĺ壬ǿҲˡ
Ҳʲôʶܿʹ˹ȥÿʦҪż
˿γΪʦͬǱȻҲöʦֶƿӡһռ䡣
ʦҲǾ֣콢޼ұǷԶӡռҲǼΪڿռƿϣʦҪ콢ҪǿģؽҪƭƭԷġ
Ҿ֮ϴһٵĿռ䣬յؽͣʦ˿̹˿ھƣȴȻĴ«ͬʱһҲȡӡ
ռ䣬𣡡
ʦһǣ˲Ǿƺ«󣬻һӰ˷ȥգ֮ʧ٣ʦһ䡮֣һ˲䶼뾲ֹ״̬
һʮȫλһжеһоɫƵһһ㣬纣ɽС΢һ⡣
Ƭ֮ЩֹĲ»ָֻ˿еһѾǾƺ«С
ɣʦ룬˵
Ǿͻ˰ɣ˿һ𣬶ʦ̱仯±ģȻʦҲǵõܳʩչֶΣĻ
ոնʦֶΣҲǿȷȻӡԾƺ«Ϊ磬ӲĴһʱĿռ䡣
ռһƬûκε𣬸ӵгԣԪ֪࣬Բֻ֪һٵԪռ䡣
۷ֵȼսӰ쵽磬Ҷʦֶβֻһռ䣬ǶԪһαװأ壬ʹӡ͹ֻȵҲԷֹؽǸԪ硣
һ֮ʣµľǵȴˡ
ʱҲͿʦ˾ϾҪ͵ؽսܰæľֻˡ
ʦһȻǿ϶֧ľ
ʱע⵽ʦƳɵռ䣬ȻҲ嶼У˿Щ岢֪Ѿ뿪ԭĿռ䣬ﵽһ֮ǰһģһĵطԶ䱸
ҪսЩʵǿһ£ʦʱ˵ԻЩе⣬Ͼ֮ǰǿΧ
鲻ҲǵͷЩʵԱ½ϵ嶼ҪǿԪ߰˼жʮǺǺӡ̩̹һĸ֣ԪżĸǣԿγһǿսȻһܿؽҪԸӦû⡣
Ϳʦһȥ˿ٴеĺѾǵľǸղſǸǶԵеԪż֮ʵȻͻͽ˿ȻоϻԪżָоԷǸԪʮҪ
һԪʮһܱԪʮĴڣѹȸоǰδС
ȥ֮ûзϻѾöԲˣʵҲҪ룬ؽһȻǱʶĽ嵱Լİ֣Ժ弴ΪԼҪһ
ͼͻȻ˼âȵâɢȥȻ֮ǰĸԪż
Щ֮ǰɣֶ½Щ״̬Ѿɹת飬ԾһЩҲӰ챾ʵ
ĸż壬ֻһ仰ܿͻеϮͷɡ
ĻҲ˵ЩҲ뿪ռ䣬ͬǾ仰ȵؽɱֻս
ʱ䣬ͺͿʦһ𹮹ʵһֱռʮ죬ͻȻõʾ
ˣ
˵콢Ȼڣ콢ɿԸоϢʦҲ̵ͷ
䣬Ȼ̧ͷ̿ͷǧ׵ĸ߿գͻȻһռУҲ߲֮ɫȻֱнǧףһӴޱȵӰ
һϳ߲гֵҲǾɵˣһ̣ͷһӰӰҪС˺ֻܶ࣬һϳǵؽ
ؽˡ


һʮ ɱ
ؽһͬǰǰңҲԼжʦ콢æҪȻ׷ɱſڹ֪
µؽնռ䣬ʦԼ콢һʼָļƻһֻҪսռͿˡ
ԼϿʦڶĺ壬ҪԸ͵ؽһҲһս֮
ȻؽսʽֻǲǰǲһصĿռŻ͵ϮΪȡ˷һЩؽռ֮й鷳
壬𣬵ˣͺһ͵սǱѾĿɿڴĺ庰һ䣬ĸż˿ɫѿʵǴǾͨһ޴սֲ̫ʵȻҲԪʮĴڣԸоһϵϢֲ
ĻҲӦ˹ԥУǾսѾǷڵѡȹ޲ĹһƬȻҲǽڡ
ȻǵˣȻ壬Ԫ˼ϵսʿһɱУĸż̴
ĺҲܶһ̴ϣ³ǧūɱ
ʣȻҲǽڶĺ嵱һǶ˵ֱӿ
ǶǾԵУԼҲҪϻ
һǰҲǱؽģ͵ؽ˺ܾãŷڵڶάԪ⾹Ȼһ硣
Ȼ޷άȿռĴ󣬿ǵؽԣģԵؽ˷ǰҲ
еؽ֣ΪܻȥҲûй˼ɵͬҪɱȻӡ
һ֣λãмִں˹ȥ
֪ǱҪǿöĴڣҲû˿У̧һͽ˫ٻ˳
ΪѾתһԴ˿ٻ˫ֱ֮ǰĸѾȫԺŮʬʩչһˡ
ǿֵǰ伸죬Ĺͱ
ҽɱ㣡һ֪һеؽڣԿѹֻҪκη紵ݶؽͻ֡
Ȼ˿ȻٻŮʬȻ˦ּǿķ׭
ͼһֱûгֵĵؽ˿Ǹһ¶һ˿мЦȻҽҾɱ㣡
˵꣬˲ʧɲǼǳ׵ξͳ
ǿռŲƣŲƣٶȼֱǿ쵽¡ͼؽ̧һץҪ÷ָ˺顣
ڴ˿̣һٻӰǰ棬ʦ
˿Եؽչ¶еʵֲֿƣȻȵؽ٣ͱ˼֡
չֳʵĿȻһˮƳٿһ̣ͼˮ㼯⣬γһ޴ˮ̶ƿֲ
ؽû뵽ȻܵסԼһܶԼۿҲǿ콢ĳ֣ץָȭһᣬǰĿȻһͬһĿռݡ
ǵؽеķֶΣͬŮʬ˫һ㣬ǿռݵм˿ռ䷨ּӲ̶ȣǲܱƵġ
ǹҲտռ䷨ܽе
Ȼûеõӡ޷ռ䷨һȻɱ֣ͬǱǿռݸ赲
Ǿ޴ˮͬײһ᲻ɴݵͭǽϣǱײķ飬ˮ޷ǿռݡ
ҾͲź䲻ƣʦ˿۾һɣ˲ͬʱʩչͿƬٶһһʮɴСľצȥһǿУͬһͷԼٶתĴ̳
ˮͬʱϣǿռݡ
ЩֶΣӦѾϧԵǱ빥ҵķؽϲмЦû˵̸оΣϮæתͼ֪ʲôʱ˼ˮγɵˮߣѾǹԶľ롣
뼸Ǳ޿ɱܣһ̣޴ˮ߾ͺȥըˮÿһˮ׵ĶͨĽһЩӲʯУҲ˷۳
һԿղˮ߹Ŀֲ
ʦЦЦҳķǿķʮǵģֻҪעñķӱ󹥻ͷˣ
ԭʦһ۶˵ؽǿռݵ©ԷķȻǿȴԣֻܷסһ棬ͬʱķ米͵Ϯôͻһɹ
ֻǵȵˮɢȥ¶ؽΣ֪ԼղŵĹǸûиԷ˺
֮ǰ̶ļƻˣҪ飬ֻӵؽȻǳɹˡ
˿̣ԶĲҽУϵЦݸʤʱؽŷӦ̻ͷһһִĺɫᴩء
ؽ֪˵˵սʦ赲Լʱ䣬Ǹǿɱ
ͼǾ޴ꪽ˿Ǳһ˷ŭͲʵĺС
ոյؽ֮ǿֶνˣҪ˵İ취ٶȸɵһȻʵȵؽҪͳҪĿꡣ
ڲ֮ǰȲǶ̶̵ļʱʵļ죬ѧϰӡոת飬ﵽһڵ۴ʲôطҪȶԷǿһؽܵشȻҲ֮С
һ֮һĽ壬ͣЪӡʩչռŲƣһ˲Ѿվϡ
ò˵൱޴󣬱콢Ҫϣ˿վϣͬվһȻ޵ϡ
㼸ΪУǺüζɱ֣¾ȻŵؽΪӮҾɱ㣬Ϊ֮ǰ鸶ۣ˵һ䣬Ȼһģһʩչ
ҪվֵĽһѾ¡
䣡
һ죬ڶֱмĲλ˻ͬһɫ޽ᴩȻһʱ䣬ľ޴ƺͼֹԿ첻
մȾźɫƬЩƬûȥͱĺ˸⡣
λãѾƿһ޴Ŀӣ׻ڲϵ˲ҽС
ĵؽɫҪǰֹʦȻʩչֶνס˵ʦҪܵؽȷǿѣΪϧһд۵סһʱ䣬ǿġ
һʱ䣬춨ʤˡ


һʮ ɹ
彣齣籩˿ԼһѴ󽣣⽣ȻǳѾȫ޽ĸżʹõԶһѽ
Ȼ⽣ʩչ彣ǿֲ㣬ƬƬӿֻ˽籩
ֻһ޷Ȼһǧһ籩һҲԲ
ͱýֱк˸ţǳױѣ޴ޱȵĽ徹ȻɲǼѳϰٸƬȻӿ¡
ЩƬУע⵽һҺ̬㻯һСͷɴߣʱ콢
ľԴͺûʲôˡ
콢ѣ̴߶˿УͼϹһҺ̬ѾиƬȻ̧ٳޣȻһһ˸ɾ
ľԴȻǺöҺ̬Ƭ̸оԼɡ
ոʩչɵƣҲһɨգͬ˿̣̾ٱ
ٿһ壬飬Ǳ˾Դ˵ǿޱȣߴ嶼ޱȵĳǿѾɱ
ңڵؽƤӵ¡
˵ļƻ񣬵ǣȻɹˡ
ʱؽҲͻ˿˹ȻѾΪʱ
ɱľԴأؽ˿µкʵ
ˣŵؽм˵һǵöԷǲȻŭ

һŭӵؽдһ˾Ȼγһɴݻһеĳɽ֮Ƴ
⹥ͻȻȻؽ͵Ϯֶһɱ֮ǿķ飬ռͬʱݣһ⹥ͷԷ͵Ϯһʱ䲻ӲƴǶܡ
ӡգۼŲƵطõؽĹ˸ա
ΪܶĿؽɱӿ֣˿̳˵꣬յƲһ
ˣ
һĻ֪ؽıסˣʼԽˡؽְ취ɱ콢ڷԼԶԸȻҲʼʩ
ǲˣһ±ȻУͷ̧֣һָ˫ɲǼ䵲ͷ
ͬʱǾ޴ĹѾǺ
һ죬Χĺˮ˲䱻һɹǿĳͬˮһӳȥ֮ˮ𵴷ӿʯ飬ֻһٵನ
Զؽɫɵ¶һ˿ɫ
˫֣Ϲ֮һȻҵǿռݣʤ䣬һйϧұĹپǵֵסΧ׷ΧڵһҲ޷ᱻֻҪͱɡؽɫһš
Ĺжǿ˭ǶԷǹɵģֵҲǱɡ
˿̵ؽеעŵ棬ҪԼ幥֮״ѾҲʬˣΪֹٱըγɵԽڻ
ӳûϵʱֱӽɱͺˣؽһ⣬˳
ûע⵽֮ǰʦ˿Ѿټȫޣ֮ϣͻȻֶո͸ռǵĿռڻûȫرգ˿ֱ״Сĺڶ
￭ûٳɣ˫ͬʱȻȻǺڶ
֮Ǻڶʧ٣ȻϰģԸϲ
˿˿
Ѿ֮ǰƶõļƻ£ܲЧͿһˣ
Ȼ֮ǰʮ첢ʲôս͵սǿУ֪Էֶκ͵ϸʤĹؼ
콢ļѾ֪ǵؽֶΣֻҪƵöԷһزôͿʹؽı
˵ΣգҲǻᡣ
ʲô᣿
ȻǽĻᣬֱӽؽĻᣬʦؽռ֮֮طͱȻҪͨһͨ
ͨģ֮ͨܿͻʧ̵ʱʱͨȥȻֱӺ䵽ؽı壬ܴԷһֲش
ֻشؽܸԼӮһᣬһϢĻᣬһлʵΪʤĻᡣ
ͿƶƻɿŵؽȫɱԴ˼ŭԷȻֻ㲻սһμŭؽʱԷкܴܻᶯñԶ̽й
ʱ򣬿ʦŲƵֶҵԷ幥ͨڶԷͬʱзؽһֲǿͬؽĴڣҲԲһǿɲǺġ
˵ƻȻðգɹǻرҲǼ
ڣѾǹ͵Ƚˡ
˿̣һл֪ĵؽ棬̷ֻ֣ν϶Ѿɵ˿̾Ȼš
ȻԷ˺ֻۣܵشɥö࣬õؽŭͬʱҲǼΪ⡣
ΪʲôΪʲôûѵҲǹһӵ壿ؽ뵽ȴǴ˵ʲôҲҪɱȻٴϲ콢ټ
ʱ򣬵ؽȻһ¶˼Ȳŵģ
ΪıոգȻǱˡ
ǸصĿռ޴ͬһĵؽ壬˿̱ͻȻֵ˸š
Ϊؽı̫޴޷ܵĶΪǶĿռ䣬ȫҲӹɣԵؽѹûзϵͳ
˴
ֱӽӲմ˵ڲըͻðֻƬ̣һƬ𺣣ҳһš
ǿޱȣһ¹Ǵ˵ؽһֲǽıشؽϾǳ̶֣֮ܵʱ뵽ӦԷĳܵĲλ͵Ŀռ䣬ֹ˼ıըȼա
ȻֻܵشԲΣǽؽ˸ǺΪȫԤ֮⣬ΪֹûӦôġ
ѵѾ֪ұĿռΪֹõؽΪֵ飬ǲ콢һ콢ı콢ռ䣬콢ôӮ
Ծ֮£ǽؾȵķ
ҲΪˣսĵؽŻ˾ֺͲţֻǱδأҪ뿪
ǳɹˣҪˣʦʱ˵
Цһܣûţ콢һˣֻƬ̣ǧҪջᣡ
˵꣬δ˿ͻȻ仯Ƭ֮Ȼ󣬱콢ģ


һʮ Źռ
仯ͣԣڵ콢ѣڶʱڷӳ콢
˿̵ؽҪӣҪȥı壬סֻ콢ǶʦҲû͡
콢˲ɢϢǽؽˣߵͷһ¶˼Ϊֵı顣
Ҫ˵ؽɵģǺʾ콢Ϊ콢ǳ˽⣬ֽ콢٣˭콢û϶Լ
뵽ոԼıܵǽؽųһ亹˿ûҪ¹콢뷨ҪϸϻȥܵΣˡ
ֻ콢ôܷ뿪
ʱ֮ɳ콢˿һȣһ˲ռʱͻȻһǱָٶҲͻȻ
ʱ£ֻ콢ճ˼ά˼Ϊ뵽ֹ֮⣬ֻ״ֻ̬ܳƬ̣ǵеʼŵؽ
磬ƺֻɲ֮䣬ؽܵͻȻ屻ըķѣȻ֪콢ĹֶΣؽǱ飬ҲԿٸԭҲǵؽһ
ϧͱϤǿֻҪԼ׼ԵĶԲߣǿͬؽĴҲֻԡ
ڱĵؽۺϵʱͱٻڿе޴˿ͻȻ˳ؽЩƬȫ̳ԡ
ؽҲɵģȻ壬޾Ϳ̳ԣҴ˿̵Ϊʳ̫壬Դ˿ҲǷ˱仯͸ǿǵؽЩƬǶԷҲͻƶֻΪ޵֡
һսĿ죬ȥҲ죬ȫ͵ؽõؽĹͨɹشؽ塣
Щ˵ȫΪбԵؽͨ콢˽⼫ؽԼȱ˽⣬ͬʱǹԴŵ
˿Ҳǽ콢̬ʦһƣ룬ոյļսȻʱ䲻ȴǺ𼫴
ܶǵؽʲô̶ȵ˺һ䣬Ҫ֪ȫΪֹɱͬĸѾǺʡ
ӦֻشˣҪɱؽ»ǲѾ콢֪ؽɹ۵ĹƣҪƾͽؽɱȷЩ쿪ǼŪԷҲԹؽһˡ
ôʦһ䡣
һشؽ壬ɱؽԳƵһʤǵؽ岻ưոݣǺܿͻʱҪӦ¾ˡ
ҪǣܷԪ粻ܣԼӡӣ˲УҲܴˣһؽҵԪ磬򶼲С
콢Ͷʦʦһ⡣
ҪܵؽҪ˽ؽǿǾǶԿռãҪݻı壬Ŀǰʵһ㣬Ҫʱ콢ʱİѿͬʱѰҷ浱ʬ֮أܲؽöԿռƿֻҪܻؽҲˡ
ȷյĽ취ֻҪ¶Ҫʱ䣬ҲǶʱڿԽģʱؽٶϮôô죿ͬսԸؽ϶УǵؽҲ̫ˡ
һ취Լʵ׶ηõؽԪ硣
ֻҪֹԿռյ¯ĵؽѶȿ֪üͷ벻취
ʱʦ̾˿ˣ¶ͽҰɣõӡʱĲлԴһֿռ򣬲߱ȴӵмǿķֶκԻ룬ǵؽҲڶʱͻơ
ԭʦΪԼӵбȷǿ츳ҪԽ棬ڵõӡ֮ǱооŹռ󷨡
û󷨣һÿռɵ󷨣󷨵һصǡ
ʲôǾΪ˲ñ˽ʹĳһطһϣŹռôһϣһҷǳǿ
ҲоֻÿƬͷ׭󷨣ʦֱʾҪܶ࣬ÿռ󷨡
һҪŸαռһú֮Ҫͨռת뵽Ԫ磬ͱͻŹռŹռһоžŰʮһֿԣֻһܽ뵽Ԫͨ඼ǼٵģԲԻ͹֣һαռ䣬ֻܴͷŹռҲãһ˷谭
Źռ޷ǿƳؽʵǿ壬ˣҪƳŹռҲҪһʱ䡣
˵ȴҪʱΡ
öʦŹռҲô˿ӡʦ԰æҲαռ䣬Ҳת飬öʦԼ巢ӳֶΡ
ļʱʦҹĲռ󣬶ֶΣ콢Ҳޱȣֱ˵ǶʦţĳɾĻᳬԽ档
Ҳʤά⻰ʦ൱ãԸ
ռһ󹤳̣Ԫ綼ܵӰ죬»ͳһԪĴ˿Χһ˳ǱͳһԪ磬κε۹嶼Ҫ»˭ִͻǰ
޴İɽǱϣرھֵĿΧĴЩ϶ɸսʿɣڶ֮࣬УӸߴȥǺѹѹһƬֵ
˿һ𣬳ųǱؾٲͶǾ̹ǣ
ʱͻȻ״һڣһҰž޴ԿоȻǳһ޴ޱȵķ·͸һķ顣
Ƿ飬Ƕʦһαռ䣬þŹռģЩαռᱻԪܣϱ仯Իˡ
״ǽ֧סˡ
ͻȻǸ޴αռͻȻʧأʼ³ЩʱһӰͻȻ̧֣һָͽʧصαռȥ
һĻ˫񣬲ҷһ죬ʵǱ⺧˵һĻסˡ
ϸһȻָղųֵӰȻ
һ̣»ĴҲˣǾ͸оԴѪһԺкȻ
꣡Ҳ֪˭ͷһźγһˣ춯ء


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˿ͷ󺹣ղŶʦȻڹؼʱ̺ľ޷ά̬ڣʱֻԼǿӡαռס˿ĨĨµĽкһ㶵ͷȥȴǿԼҴóݵĿ⿴Լ
ҲûŪ״Ŵ˻ֳ֣˵ͷȻʹӡŲ뿪Ҫöʦôһʱ䶼ҵ
֪һߣ֮ǰƴֵ˳Ǳؾ̾Ͷˡ
Ҳ˵˵£ۿǿЩؾŵõսľԥĿͶ
ĹռһǱͺء
ѹ֪Ȼ֪ҲС£ڲ֪ŹռǴ£Ϊ˭Ҳ֪ؽʲôʱɱ
ڵ죬ʦ϶ĲԼϣǿľŹռúˡ
ʱѾƣǲóɹˡ
ʦŹռ˵ǰ𣿡˿̷ɵߵգ̧ͷ죬Կһ޴ޱȵӰڲ֪ߵ֮ϣһαռ䣬֮⣬ľʮŸ
Щαռ䰴һĹɲϱ仯λãĿռ䷨ԽԪУ֪˸ҵ
㲻ţԣʦ˿ʶռήҲǰ۸ǺȻлɵǲˬˡ
ԾԣҲӡһģʹһͨռ߲ͨ
ŹռֻŽˣ뿪Ȼ⣬ܿͽ˵һάȣֻػԪʱȴǷԼȻǵһĪĿռ䡣
֪̾Լһαռ䡣
˼ЦЦͨӡͨÿһΣֻܽһαռ䣬еʱ򣬻һЩЩֲõģԵûиʲô鷳
ʮκ֪ʦԷ飬Źռȷ൱һֶΣԼʾ֭벻ƽİ취ֱʦȷĽ뷽»صԪ硣
ãܺãһǵؽҲû׽ԪˣҾͿԷĴ󵨵ȥʵ˿泩ʱ䣬콢ҲϵڽʱİѿأȻܶԸؽ˺Զ
ҪǰȥѰҷ֮أȥѰԼĻԵ
صǣԼļƻһ˵Ҳֻ֧֣һǰȻ޷ٴηֻֿֿܸܵ
ﱧĺӣܵе׵ĸо᲻뿪
֪أŪؽܵҸҲǶݵģؽȻ뾡ɱԼϧһƻɱ
ΪԼЩˣҪƴһʵȻɵؽ
˵ڶ죬ͿʼһοʦҲߣܾˣʦԪʮ֣Ԫ磬Űġ
һǰѰҷ֮أҲ֪ʲôԼӡȻȥ磬ʦʵǿվģԵ¡
ľʦҲûж˵Ȼֻ֪б֤󷽵İȣܷһаӦԵؽ
Ȼˣİɣڣһж⣡ʦŵ˵
ȷԪʮʵԪûκһ֮⡣
˸ϼáϧϣɯԼֵܣȻȻȻӡһ߲ͨȻת롣
֪ͨڹرգϤǣǣҺе
Űɣһҷģ
ᶨ˵һ̣Ƿһаһƴ
ˣпˣСԺӶأҺ콢࣬˶ðСӣľծʦˬµ
ѱĶʦ˵콢ҪȺܶ࣬ûʲô£ǲԲֻһЩͨӡƿʱֶΡ
ҪѰ֮أһǾģɽУҲûһ֪澿ʲôطִ˵һֻ˵
ڣжʦʦǷĲлҪ˵˭֪֮أֻжʦˡ
߰ɣ۵Զңǧ磬֪жٿռڣҪҵ֮ȴǲףǵطΪΣգʵȥδܰȻԻǾ仰ץһʱʵɣʦ˵꣬һҷɴ콢ó˿ƿصһʮ׳ķɴǲڻ¡
ɴɶʦƣԼϥڷɴڣ۱Ŀʼʶռ콢ѧϰʱĿ֮
ʦŷɴʱʱͨô߰죬֪˶ٿռ֮ڽһƬ硣
޴ޱߣտյڼԶĵطһƬ½ʮ־޴ɽǵ
ʦŻطˡ
ע⵽ǰΧҲɸαռ䣬ֻ٣ûоŹռôӡ
Ȼڴˣ϶ҲһЩֶΣֻʦֶβûƱ˽룬ƽ뿪Ҳ˵ûֶΣһ˴Ǻ뿪ġ
Ȼⲻڶʦʦ֪뿪ķԸ뵣ġ
˿ԶƯеһƬ½ĿɿڴΪϸһ֮󣬷Ǹʲô½Ưеһ
һΪ޴Ļ
֮󣬲ŷ֣⻭ޱȣ˵ľûһĴ½Ѫ硣
⻭֮ϣɽۼ޸Ǿޱȣ˵콢ͨ۾һУҲǾ˵
⡭Ƿ֮أԾ˵ܲԾԻΪֱʼֱûˣʣĿ϶Ǹųǿߴһķ档
ûһƬռǷ浱ٵģʱΪΪʣΪīôһȻγɵһƬ磬ȷ̾Ϊֹʦ˿̶ǽס̾һ
ô⻭֮Ӧôһ䣬һƬΪ޴󣬱ȵƽ֮Ҫܶܶ࣬ҪѰһѶȿ֪
ģڣҪҵܼ֮򵥣ʦʱ˰ƱҲ΢ģʱ콢ͻȻѵСģжˣ


һʮ ֮
콢䣬ҲӦ˼ϢԶٷٶȼֱת˲էѹûطȻҲиߵڡ
֮أ˵˾ǷķĹһĹôиߵУĪػĹģ
ߺ˼ţѾȻʵףӡʲô鷳ӦϾСΪϡ
ʱǼϢѾǸ˹ǰһ˵ĶŹŹֵĻף죬ӱƽֱֳ⣬ͬ˺Ļ壬һЩߣɢŹâںڰУһ߻ǳʶĿ
˿һķзʽܣûܣ¶;֮ɫץһ˫߬ġ
棬˷ɿ׷ϣҪ˵ǰӵλ˾͹Źֵˣ׷ϵλȴй֮޲
Զͬһ壬ƣͷϳеļǣһֱԣģҲ൱һ۾֣ϴͬŴļУΪǿ׳ﶼһļ⵶ɱڡ
ʣǰǸΪӱ˵׷ɱԲŻǰֻģ
ƺǿǸҲ֪ôģȻ̳˹Ҫȣʱ׷ˡ
һ׷ֳּ⵶һֱһͽֵĺ󱳴̴ǲҽһЩȥˣҲǽ߬ǸƺǶôҪıһ
ʵϿҲ㲻ˣԪ߼ʵǸǿ׷ÿһﵽԪ˼ĳ̶ȣѾ׷Ŀ꣬ʩչɱ֣¾ͽֶ⽴ԷĲ˹
ʬ壬ֱӶȥͬһ㡣
վʮ⡣
ոյɱ¾УȻʵָԤûг֣һΪէҲûҪһУˣ϶׷˵˷׷ǹʣûбҪ
ɱˣ߶ԷĲ򿪿˿ÿ϶¶ϲɫǲĶǷǳҪ
˲ſĿ޹˼ɣǳƵ´
ûūӡӦġһ˿˵ƺڿһ
ûūӡããӽǶֵܷƣСӴȥǴһ˵һЩôǶ˵꣬ȻһѾǽΧס
һôƯڿУۿǶ
Сӣãֵܣ߰ɣǻȥͽֱӶ˵¾ƲˣһǶ˵м⵶ֲǿסˡ
ϧˣʲô˶ǶȴΪ޴ģΪԼǵ鷳Ȼǣⲻ޴ʲô
¶һ˿мЦһǶ״Ǵŭԥ̧־һ£âۣת˲֮͵ͷȻΪһЦݣҪ롣
ҪԼĵˣȻ
ǸֵļǶùˣеĵŻһľ룬ȴҲ޷෴¶ɻʹɫһֱ̣ӳһߣһֱͨؿڵǶжûнгͱնΣѪƯڿա
ʬֱӵȥ֮ǰɱһ֪ʲôط
һĻֱǶĿɿڴʲôûпֻƺǸ˶ͷâ֣һԼֵܾͱͷն롣
СӣɱֵܣǸ£ԸǣǶԸ֮أֻ·һ
ʣǶһ˵һ˼ףǲɵոֶ̧ͽǵһͬɱȻʵǷǶֻҲǳв
ƺ̧ǸˣͿԽһ㡣
ŤͷǶһۣȻһ䣺˭
Ƕһ㶣˼ȻģȻ֪˭Ǹһ㻹ʣʵʵߣǵǲһȻ
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ʱһǶвʣ˿ҲұֳʵʵƮ֮ص
ȻˣǣǸ뵽ָ޷뿪ʩչʲôֶζУֻ
֮أȴΣأ羰续ۼһּΪŹֵĹֻҪռͻ᲻ϵıȡ䷢չҪ˶ã˾ͻ޷ɽ⡣
ʼǿߺܿ췢֣֮һֶŹǵĶԲǱߵȻΪ棬ֶͳҪΪûԸⱻ
ȡһ㶣Ҳһˣȴһ㶼ûиоʱڵĶʦڵûʲôֵģ浱϶޴Ļϼӳĳַ󣬿ȡߵ㱾ΪʦҸںҵʶ壬ұǷлȡ󷨶ʵЧģ
ʦĻô£һϢԼҲǿ϶Ҳһ鷳
ǼǶ֪Ͷʦ̸Ǹɾ뵽ﵱЩ˵ǿߣ˵ǵһĴڣѿеˣǽһūӡӡϣǿǵΪֻҪŬӡһͿԿǵ
ڱƵˣ˽ҲǻụɱŹǣзŹкܴһֶҪϽɸֻܵõٵһֻ֣˵ġ
ĲװžǷŹǣһ䣬һǶûɱһΪԷһЩԷŲҲŪʲô
ǣǷŹǣǼǶȻĻǽĲϡ


һʮ 
ȡһֲȻмСԲͷЩͷǳŹ֣еʯǳԲ󣬳һɫ̺żΪǿ
ʲôŹǣŹǣʦʱͻȻ
һ㶣Ȼ֪ʲôߴ֮һԼںɽ뺣зֵһʵǿޱȣĴڣȷ͹廹ҪԶʦ̸ͷУǧ꣬˫һսǷ潫նɱʧǾʹʧ٣˿ʬǱȡߣ֮أԴҵŹǡ
ߴУΪĪһΪӦȵ壬ںǾ޴ޱȵ꣬ѾǾԸӣ֮ϣʵȻʡ
ɱҲԼ÷֮ǿ
ս£ҴӲлõļ䲻࣬ҹţ浱֮սȻӮˣҲ÷شҲΪˣŻںڴˡʦпһҲ֪ΪϧΪ
ʱԶͻȻмǿϢϮüͷһ壬Ϊ⼸ϢǳǿᣬԱǶҪˣԼԸҲΪ֡
Ȼ֮أвǿĴڡ
󼸵Ӱ⼸˶ףߣһ־չֳԽԪżǿʵΪɵȴЩУȻץһŷ׭
овģǴЩеķ׭Ϸġ
СģǷƵķ׭ΪֲҲУܣʦ˿ͻȻһ͸һɾ֡
֪öʦ˾֣Щ׭Բ򵥣Ƶķ׭붼ÿֲ
ԥߣգѾ嵽ǧ֮⡣
ˣɱֵܣǶԸԲѷɱǸ֮ǰȵļǶ˿̼ԮɱǴ
Ϊ֪Щһ˭ɱˣǸѵĸ֣ʵǿޱȲ˵żΪֲķ׭ʲôĸ֣ʵϳԽҲԲǷ׭Ķ֡
Ƕһʵǳĸֵһν֮أһ첻µزΨҶƣǵȷǾǱһ׭ɱ
Զڸ˸ҷѡ
һ׷ȥȻóûиūӡ϶ˣȻˣһҪץ
ҷߣǸɱۡ
Щٶȼ죬Ȼ£һǿҪ׷Ҳͷ֪Ѿ׷
ӡŲƣߣƺǸܵͣͶԷӲƴʦ˵Σֻȡӡ߶аٹﷶΧڵŲơ
ŲƵ˲䣬һƺӦʲô̵ӡϢӡԲߣʩչ׭
˵꣬嵽ǰһǺԥķ׭׳һֱ˲䱬飬һѪǷ׭Сһ˲䣬׭ͬѪĶħһ㣬Ȼʹ˲ͳǰǰȻը
أ
һ죬ǰһ޴ŵĵâն£һƬֹֻĳ̶ֳ˵˲Ĺϣֲĵâ׭Ȼǳ
ٹ⣬ͻȻ֣ȴ¶˾֮ɫٿ壬ȻһΪնۣ˵ת飬壬Ѫ֮һ¹ɱ
գһ䣬ܴѾϣתĺôѰĹѾǺ˵
һǷƵķ׭벻ԷﾹȻǿʦ˿˵֮ǰͿЩ׭뿪ʵʵһǷ׭նҲԲ
Ҳǵ˵ͷֻЩνĸȻ£ȻԷӵгԽԪżʵת飬ԪȼǺͿһԪʮĸ֣ǶԷз浱Ƶķ׭Щ鷳ˣʩչ߲Ƿ棬ܲǷʦƵķ׭̫ǿҲԲУֻߡ
ʦ֮¹׭𣿡һ䣬Էзķ׭⣬Ժ鷳϶޾
˿̶ʦҲ˿УӦò࣬Ҽ䵱Уȷһ׭֮أǲһЩطֻǸղЩ˷Ƿʦôἤ׭ֱǹŹ֡
⣬ʦҲǰ˼⣬ͷһۣԸԷһ׭ķҲˣ˿̸˶ʦŻȻ
ˣҵһַǿд߶׭ְ취˲򵥰ʦ֮⣬˵Щ˲򵥡
𣿡һ֮أҪΪ˾ҶԸؽֶΣ˭뵽ﶼ鷳˲ҲˣǸνĸҪԸԼԼҲԲִС
һ̣ӿ䵽棬Ľ̤һ֮ϡ
Χһжôı棬Ѱûκα仯ɽˮϪǼΪŹ֣ɽɽˮˮһҲмΪŹֵľ󲿷ֶδδŵģǹŹֵ˼㡣
һԵĲݴһͷ¹ǵڳԲݣԵǽһ֦ϣֻͷڽţиԶĵطһһĴ߻һûԴȴǳĸСķһ̽˶ӡ
һУǼΪŹ֣ǸܴڵĶƫƫЩͻĳǰ
ʱǰִһ𶯣ͷ;޴ͬһĳɱƺܿͷͨӥʳһһֱ˵һ÷һھ˺ĺ
Ƕ峤ʮףצӷޱȣһɹɾơ
ƺǷþ۾ǷµϢһ󣬾ץͬ뺣һգתʧ١
طǷ洴磬ʲô֣ЩӦöǷ滭ĶԲŻ˵棡ʦ˿˵ȻԼȻҲôôֻ˼ҷǴֱʣֱǻһ硣
ʱӦǼϢԶǴһԷ׷ٵҪٴʩչӡгŲƣʱǰ治ԶһݴԵͻȻһ޺¶Դֱ֡


һٰʮ ͼ
һΪģڵʵûʲôΧض֪ڻ콢Ͷʦ֣ȻʵأܶӦϢǿԸӦһȻ˭ûв
Ǹ޺ȻͻȻǰʮ׵ĵðʵǲ˼顣
㲻ˣҾͲˣǾ޺㶣ѹ˵ͬʱʱʱա
һ֪޺Ǹ˵޺ӦѷǵУҾǵˣҲ¡
˹ȥȻھ޺ָ¶뵽ǸӶУǾ޺ǽͷĲݵǺãӶһƬڰ
ҹǿ˵ʵӦӶҲ˲Ұ
һֱ׶࣬ҵĴӣǾ޺׶ߣԲ죬ͭ壬ͬŵĽһ㣬ƤϬţƤȥҪͣͬǶһ͹ⷢ
ϸȥȻ޷޺ʲô塣
Ǿ޺޺ҲڳͬʱһƣȻһŷ׭ϡ
׭һ㶣ͷ׭ȻϢãˣԼ֮ǰ֮ûз޺ΪԷַ׭Եʡ
⾿ʲô׭ȻùԼͶʦԼ콢̽飬ʵЩ˼顣
ûʲôֵģҲǷ浱Ƶķ׭߼ֲǶûз޺ʦ˿˵Ҳ͸һ˿Ρ
ʦڼʵ˫ĺܣ˭һòǾǷ档
ĵһǿߣɽǧ磬ˣǶʦҲ޷Խ
Ƶķ׭ͨķ׭͹ЧҲ˲ɱġ
˵ǷͽҲƣͬķ׭ͬƳĽҲһˣǶʦƣҲ̫ܶ콢̽飬ǷƵȴԡ
֮صУвٵطŷķ׭ʦ˿˵
ɫȻ֪޺˼ĸǣҲ񣬹һϴ
ո̽鵽˵Ϣôգ֮Ͳˣ
ߣһէļһҲûãҪϲЩˣ˭ҷ͵ظɱۣңҾͲǸӵõ
̸֮󣬾ƿ֮ȻǼûҵˣΪĿߣɢ׷˳ȥ
ˣǾ޺ǲɫȻԼĪӣһЩ
Ӧû˲ˣǲܸӦ߰ɣԷߣжֵʵֵܽɱʵǺ൱һҪСӦһ˵꣬ĸȥ
һΣӦ뿪ˡ
һǾ޺ͬʱ˿ȻضޱȣǾ޺Ȼͨˣҹ˿ǻ࿴һۣЦЦ
ллһлô˵޺ԼһæԼ·ӣֻǺЩսԷķ׭һ鷳ڵãҪ־ȥһ鷳
ʲôǶһԸΪǸūߣҿͼεͣôܵ˵ū޺ٺһЦĿȻΪˣǾ޺ʮֵϡ
ҽոطЩô£ҽһ£ͬʱԼߵݵ
޺ǹһЦͿģҪȻҲ㣬ұһЩӦʮ˰ɣ
仰ʣʮԲһ̵ʱˣȻΪʱ̫ͼľ޺ԼҲǲˣԲŻʵ
ܼôʱ䣬ҲΪͼ
ЩǸǸһĹӣרŸǸ£ʵ鷳з׭һǷ֣鷳ʹˣķ׭ɲǿЦģͼ˵¶µɫȻûٳԿ
ԭͼҲǰ뵽֮صģΪĿռֻܽܳǱͼһĳΪūˣ뾡취ܸһô浽ڡȻں֮أͼҲвҲֵܼڡ
֮⣬ͼʵһ塣
ʮʱͼһЩֶΣԭ޴ޱȵ;Сڵĳ̶ȣϾ޴ڶܡ
ڵѹ飬;ܵıСһѧ˷˵ʵһʦ֪ǲܺ͸ǿģЩ갵£˲ߣ߰ɣطҲܾͼʱ˵֣꣬ȻͷͳӶһ˽ȥ
ǲҪСһЩǿǿÿͼȥȻ˵׶ˡ
֪ͼԼʵϾ£ԼҰ֣ǶԷԼЩʵŻְ
ſͼҲǽǸڣӶȻǴ۸ӣһ޴󶴣ЩطصĶڣһЩþ
·Ͽͼһһ˵ΪͻǺֻܴǿ߶
ͼ֮س˸һʵǿЩҲһʵȻҪСܶ࣬ƺҲڲȨúͼ£ҲΪǿһ
ʿͼΪʲôͼ֮ʵϾһ޴ޱȵķĹ
ķĹһطɷļļ̫֮ǿ֮أֱӻһ޴ĸ¥а׸ߡ¥԰򼶵鼮Щ鼮Ƿյĸ֪ʶνĸʵϾǿһǿߡ
ǸȻ˴Ĳ˷˭Ķ֣Ĺؼ̳ʵ
ͼһ֪ôʵıҪõ̸ף㣬ǲһʮ߲㣬ÿһ㶼ǿĽƣᵽռ˶ٸ£֪Ŵ˼Ľƣߣ㣬㰡һʮ߲㣬Ŵ㣬Ҳ˵ֻǻ˷ʮ߷֮ˣ֮ҲǸĶ֡
˵ͼһĽͼȡ
ܵõһҿͼԿԺˣ˭۸ңߣ
ôһ䣬һĪͼ۸
ǱߵأңΪҼһĪڲмʵ


һٰʮһ ⣨һ
ǿɲͼ˵࣬ǶʲôöÿΪԼ˽ĺܣΪһЩµıغͲطأǴ֣ҲҵϴǴ󱦣Һʹϴ֣㣬Ǿˡ
ͼһ⣬ȴǶͷðͼЩװһʲôֵõģͼӣƺоѾܲˡҶԷеĴ󱦣Źֵоʶ
һ·ﴩƬ̣ǻȻʣǰһȽϿͨ˵ǿٿͼ޺ҪУǿֱߣȻԴҲǲһҪ컨ϡ
ǰһͨԼĪʮһʮ׵Ĺ֣ģףǹֽһ޴ĵ³Ǹ룬Ҫ³ǣֻͨһ׶࣬͹ӵʯš
ʯϣо׵ĸһǼͷ
ǰź󣬶һЩȫǴƬУֳֳìͼŵЦͼ˵Ϊ˼룬Ѿʮˣ֪ҵû
˵ͬʱѾǿ˸ڿͼߵǽŵϣҵˣ
ͼһ⣺ǿɲҿͼô޹
ˣչأҪܼ飬ǸǱߵϸҪµġ˿˵
ע⵽۾ܲԾ
ǾԲͨ۾۾Ȼͬҹһ˿ɢ֡
֪νļˣ۾ӵܣԿһЩٿԼ鵽ԼûūӡһԶԼһЩͼǷǻе⡣
ȷ൱߶˵ֶΣҲûκη顣
Ŀ⣬Ȼŵͷû⣬ȥɣ
ͼһҵ۹ı飬Ȼ̤ţ¿ȥ֪ΪʲôˣΪ澹ȻݣγһǻǺһİһȥ˭ǱʮԲŽ¡
ţֱӷУͿͼֱӽǸ³ǵС
νĵ³ʵϲףһ֮أȴ֮˵ľۼأЩʳΪūǿߣڴˡ
·ϣͼ˲ǿߣʵҲ弶ˮƽƽԪ߼ʵܴﵽ˼żҲ˺üﵽʮĴڡ
Ȼ֮ȻһֻܽܳĵطиֺöֻҪ̫ʮ꣬ʵͻͽͬǾĿͼһʼʱʵǳһ㣬ңڣʵѾǴﵽ˼Ҫͻƾż
һȤ飬Ǿľ绮֣ȻԪ缫ΪҲһʮ˵λռ˲ĸѾﵽʮ
ʮ񲻾Ԫʮ
֪ԪʮǿѾûˣ֮أȻгԽʮĴڣʮ֪Էж
³ǵ˵УʵǿģҲʮ۷֣ҲֲЩֻǱѹȵͬһⰵյĵ硣
ΪֹѾǴŪĿǰҪǻȻǲ
ʦѾȷǲе鼮ǷдУʮ߲ĲǸǽѾʵޱȣΪ֮صİͻƼеĴУҪܵؽ׽вȥӦҲڻ£ڴ֮ǰҪһͬʱŪǸʵ
ͼ뵽һУ˿мִһ첱Ӵ֣һԲֱӿļơ
ϸһһİˣ˵ڶ࣬һ˵ǳ٣ĸˣĸˣ˿ȴǽеס
ƾʲôӵ£㣬ǷҴ󱦵ǿȷֵģӦ÷һҲҪȥһ˿һ߳ףһףëͬһֱĴһ˫ֲ˵ƨϣȻë׵β͡
һ֪һβ塣
βߣվˣͷԣһ͵Ĵ󺺣һһСĴ
Ȼβ˵ǿ
еһģͬһ˵ɭɭһЦ󱦣ʲôҲǰذ£˲ܳ飬ҲֻˣͲӦúĶᣬģǹǸ⣬ȻһЩô
ƨ֮صķ⼴ƵƣҲֻʮ˽룬һ𣬾һ˸ϳȥҪȫôΪɵ𣿸˼붼Ҫ룬ҽˡβ˵вɵļᶨ
Ǹ¶ɫǴһ˿ɱ⡣
ʱԱߵһĸݣнɫ߳󱦣ҲǲԣһˣչˣĹأһӾǾԲܲμӡ
һ£βҲƿԣˣΪڣÿֻܽˣұͬʱſԣԾö֮γ˱СϷһĹأҲΪ˹ƽԷ˵£󱦵ȷǲ֪ʲôط粵
ۿƿԣĿͼ̲סһ˹ȥ˭˵ûˣС
ͼͷɤҲôһˣǴ󱦻ͷһ̴ϲͼڻˡ
֮ǰ֪ͼѰʮΪѰһˣԼŻ
ոҲǴ󱦣ΪʲôоϤˣΪ󱦺ԼʶΪƣͬΪβ壬ƢԸҲǷǳǽ󱦣ĪĴ磿
ƾһ㣬Ρ
Ǵ󱦿ڿͼߵ֪ӦþǿͼˣҲǼΪɴ䣬ֱӹŶĸǵĹۿҲˣǷҲǿȷֵģչأһӿоԵȨ⡣
˿˵ףҲǽذ˳Ǹüͷһ壬¶ƣ˿ҲƿԣֻڨڨһЦȻˣǾôˣСӣҵСӻлƾСӽ⣬Ǿ͸Ǹɡ
˵һȺ뿪ȻûۣǴһʤ̵ģڸ˺һٹŻعͷʱģҴ󱦻죬ǳ
ĳĳʲôϴһ˿̴һķظ˵


һٰʮ ⣨
һĴ󱦣Ĭãųʵ㡭ʶô
ȻʶܰһȻӣһԾǷӦĵ֣һŷӦæ۾ȵȣ֪ʶ
ɲʶôˣԼȻµû󱦺ֵܣģԸֱǷһ㣬ֵ֮ܣԼǲģǼһһʮļһȱһץһѣҲŵ㣬Ǿǽ˵һ
ദֻҪζǾǾԵֵܣˣԿȻǺηİԿݿͰкøС
󱦼ȻĴ磬ǹҲ
Լʶľ˳۾ԲΪҪôأһһץס˵ɽʦĵӣ
ǰЩܡĺӣЩ׶Է˼ܿˡ
ʦһˣҲмûмˣôˣˣһҪʦңǧܸƭߡ󱦴˿ĳ˵ּ棬Ǽᶨĸ֣˿Ҳ̲סƤһ飬󱦵ֵܣ˭˵ǲ˭ֱ̫ˡ
ܣ֪ԸֶΣʾ֪ͦãҲңҪܣ֮޷뿪ҪȻҺʦĺӶôˣ󱦿˵ţͷ߲ƣҲһ־ԽǣǻԽ࣬Ƿû¡
ΪջĽľҲ˳ĩ˻̾һļϵܣȻҲˣǾͼ֮֮طǳȥģֻƾԼȭͷ棬ģһ㣬ˣһ£ǿ͵һףǱǱɽֵܣʮ㣬ӲôʹֵһͼʶңҴ󱦾У
ˣڸպһ⣬ǾȥһȥչΣǷﲻпķŹǣǿķ׭֮أҪģˣøǰ쵰ȼˣ·˵
ȫһ룬ԹԵ˵ţһһ䣬Ūˡ֮أźܶķ⣬˵˾һصı⣬иֱҪľǿԲķŹԼ׭ˣԷǸһɻһɣǼΪҪġ
һ˵ǵĹأΪƷǳΣҪַǳף˭֣˭ͿԵõеһΪڣҪͬʱ˲Ҳ˵һ⣬ֻɶұʮ˸˽롣
߾ΪһˣԸղǱһż뽫ǵߣڿͼʱ
סһȥ֮һҪСǣһȻһˣ͸һһΪĿĲֶΣƽʱ;ԣȥԺ϶СҶҪһ£һǴײǸеȴУҪȻҲ齨һСӣ£ͼһˡ
ģ󱦸磬˭ŪǾŪ˭ɽֵܶͬ˵ӣȥȥɼܵģ⵹Ǻãûʲôۣøʲô͸ʲô
û£ڽ֮ǰ⣬ҷвǸҪģҲҪȵ󣬶ҵʱһǰҵһڣҵĳǿʱ˵һĳء
һ˵꣬󱦺Ϳͼǲˣǿ˵㣬ôܣǸڱǰװģҲܣҶԸңҴ󱦾һ
һ·Ͼôֵľͳ˵³ǣȻ˳ͨߵ浽Ǹڡ
һƬⶼ䲻ľͬɡһж⡣
һ£׶ߣܴ泤Ӳݺľµ棬һضڣ˿̸ѾǸϵһͷĵš
󱦵٣Բˬû˵ʲôֻǵһȻˣͿʼɡ
һνȴǻͷСǿ˵ǳٵûһйŹ֣һǸҶ֣Ǿǡ
ԣŪǣ
ģҾǲ֣
ܲ־֣ƣûҪ캰ɱģ
ɽֵܣͼǿֱ̬󱦿Ҳǵ˲Ҳˣңұطˣ
ãֵܣҲҵֵܣ󱦾һսӣ˿ĻǼΪƢǵβͶ
ǰǸضȥһ򳡻ҪһЩĵضΧľĸƣǰ棬ڣȫһйĻ֣͸ǹĻԼԿľɫһ㶫С
Ƿ⣡һʦѾ˵˳ⲻǽнôӡСռ䣬ӡͿֽнʺϲض͵ֿ⣬˲ֽнƷȴǳеı⣬ҲԣĶֻһƷķ׭Ҳӹɵġ
Ѿ˵ףͬʱҲ۲һ¸ǻˣһˣˣǸݵǿǴˡ
ȻǶԸΨǴӣ˵ˣʵϾһģʵԪʮȻʦҲ˶ˣ˵ʵҲȻԪżĴڣڴ߾ûôǿսˣ˴ǴﵽԪʮ֮⣬ľȻֻԪ˼Ĵʴ߿϶Դ
һֱԼϢ¶ҲǾżʵȻûֶϢжԸʵ
ڣ˸ѡһͬʱ룬ͷһ⣬̸оڴһЩɣֱӳڴ󱦵ϣҲͬһʮ˵ƺάһƽ⣬ʮ˸ͬʱڣһʧ
֪һ˻߶һˣĳʧ⣬鷳ʹˣ޷룬˻ᱻһˣǻɱԲűҪһʮ˸ͬʱſԡ
ȥ֮󣬾ǹӰתͷԼһѨͨУйĻֻֻдǲڣһ֮ǰҲ˵ڣȻĵصҲһ
һ̣ǰͨͳŹֵʬ
ûпЩľʬǶͷŵķ׭ܿЩʬѾЩͷˣʬ嶼Ѿɿݣǵǹ룬ȻӲʮ㡣


һٰʮ ⣨
ЩǷȸɵǣȻǾܵռôöŪ֣ǾҪʲôҲǣ˵꣬ȡһӭսȥ
أ
һ죬Ѿһʬϣ޴ĳͬʮ磬һҸ顣
ǱеʬֻǱף³ͷȻһԵİݣʬȫƻ壬
˴˿ҲǸŴһǰɱԸʬ˵ʲôûãֱӶ־Ͷˡ
Ȼȴô˲Ǿͨĸ߼ʦԸ޷ƽʬһʦԼʦѧϰķ׭֮˿Ǵʦˣ˵߻жʦڷķ֣ԼǲɱЩʬҲƽǵķ
ڿЩʬ֮ΪԷ˽⣬ǿһ⣬ЩʬйŹ֡£ʬֻڷʦĿ²УҿʬڵʱҲޣƵĴ߶ʬս
еʬȴǷ֮ûзʦƣһҲǼΪǿƺò
ҲˣʬҲǷ浱ıﰡϧ˲ΪЩʬֻ·ĵˡ
ʦ˿Ҳǳ˵éٿ֮ǰԼĲ²ȻˣЩʬӦǷƵģʬֻĴʦܿʵǿԽΪõġ
Ȼ뵽ֿܣҲ֪ԼʦֶΣҪʱ뵽շЩʬҲǲܵģжʦ֡
ʦǲǸóˣЩʹսһʬǿһ˷ܵ۷⡣ԼҲʬƵʬȼ̫ͣԸһЩ߼ĸֿԣͲˣǷЩʬһǿԺ;żӲƴĴڣշǾԿԽʵüȼȻۺ졣
İɣȻ㶼˵ˣҲҲˣʦ˿˵꣬ǽһΪĿʬķϤ¶ʦҲûɣʱԵתΪʦҲУΪʱһתȥЩʬɻʧض״̬յģѧοǡ
˿̴󱦵ѾɱһЩʬΪۣʬ⵱ʬӦò٣ʱ䡣
һ򣬸Ѿǳ֣ȻҲǵһν⵱̽һᳵ·
ҼӿٶȣȻЩʬеĺô⣬ҲҪһȡϵлᣬǾͽǼŪ˵ʵҶǸëѾ޿ˡ˿̺޺޵˵Ǹ͸һ֮ɫ
İɣʮˣҸʵ˴һӣֻҪǽĹ׭Ū֣Ӧÿɱһʱ͹ϷǵĶҲһͬɷһ㣬һѪ
˵ǰѾǳһʬʩչֶӭȥ֮ϾȻ޷죬ܿͽһʬɱ
ϲṆ̀ķ⣬󲿷ֺôϷ֣Ϊǵٶȿ죬һŷ׭ͷŹǵĵط
һΣɴôݿһٶȣкôȫչΣȻһ͵Ϯ󱦵ˡ
ò˵˵ٶȷǳ죬ڸѾһʬһʱǱߴǲŸɵʬٶϾǲ˲ֹһ
ȻҲΪһֱûж֡
ǿһġ״һ㶣ȻС󱦣Ǹô֣ں淢ʲôأ
ǰɱ𣬴˿ҲǻͷһĪһ⣬ЩӦסˣ
뵽Ҳ¶һ˿ģȻѣֻƳǿߣǲǿҲҪк͵һսûУ˾޷Ϊѡ
ߣһСµļһηҾ뿪˵꣬սһ߱ɽֵӲʹһֻ˴򶷣ǿͼûвμսҲЩɻ󣬲ʬûгֻȽǰ鷳ȥѯʱȽϺá
ûʲôϣǸΪսԳ˴󱦿ȡ֮⣬ļǿͼҲֻǺЩʬ֣ռϷ磬Ҳܶʱھͽʬɱ
Ƭ֮˶ʦķ
Ŀǰķ裬ҪЩĿʬҲΪףϾǷһּ֮ǰѾй׷飬Ҳǿ߶ټжʦָԲӣеĹؼ
ȥɣ浱⣬ʬɽķʦȡĴУֻɽһֱֹʦ֮أûķʦЩȻǿͼպñһˣʦ˿Ҳ˵̾˫Ҫּ֪ʬҲƲֻзƵʬʦһԿϰʬǶԸ˭㹻ˡ
ôʱ䣬ͼʹǿ϶ڻңҾͳһɣ˵һ䣬һ̤ͬһ㼱ƶںʹ󱦼սһʬûӦͱһѰͷϡ
СģЩʬжǧ󱦺һȻˣѾǽʬڵϣһ̣𾪵һĻˣưסʬͷķ׭˲ʱâ䡣
ԭ׼ʬֹͣüΪ˳ӣʬȻʵʵվ
ɵˣͼҲɵˣô룬벻鷢ȫֻΪɱ¾ڵʬȻͬʹһվߣֱǲ˼飬
Ǳɽֵܻ۾ΪԼˡ
ǵУҲǿתĿ죬̷Ӧ˹㾹ȻԿЩʬ
ûղûн˼οǵİ취ڿҵİɣ˿緢һʬ͵һż֣ıأǿƸոսʬ̳˹ȥ
һַֿ˵ڶʬֱʱ󱦺ͿͼǲŷӦ
˷ޱȣʬٶȷǳ죬ҪһһɱҪˣһԺʬҲ˶ԸһģʵǿˣȻҲõô
˿ͬѩһ㣬ʬԽԽ࣬ȻʬٶҲԽԽ죬ʬһӵϣʬ֫סǰķתǵĿʬͺá
һʣµʬѾȫơ
˲ʵõ˼ʬǾż֣һˣ͵ֵһСӵսˡ


һٰʮ ⣨ģ
·ħһ㽫ǿʬշ󱦵˷ܵһǶʬ󱦸ǣĲˡ
㾿ôģ⣬ȻǶ֪ɽֵҲһӡ
ΪɽĴʦһѣЩһҲ֪Լ˵Ǽ٣ܸܲԼжʦλţڰɡ
Ȼ֪ɽʦķʵҲ´ʦǷ֮أôΪһʦƾͺˡ
ǲҪѧϰʹ÷׭Ȿһ޴ƣ֮أ׭ǷǳҪһֹߣҪȥͱҪʦѧϰ׭ֻ֮˶ǰ·ңֻܴһЩ伮ѧϰ׭Ĵ߶еֻѧϰƫţ֮ǰиΪ˴߶һЩǿĹ׭Ὣֱ׼ȥֶδ߶׭
֮أĵ伮еʱȷŹǺͷ׭Ҫ
֪Ǵʦ󣬴Ƕ˷ޱȣȻɽĴʦǿ϶ǶķһԿЩʬҲС
Ҫ˵˺úŪأֻǼһ仰ͽʬ͹ȥˣ׶ˣǿޱȵʬǺһӿٶȣ·ʬĹȫɱʬǰƣܿʹ̽ѾԶԶĳ˸ˣǴ⵱ҵһЩ׭ͷŹǣ˾ʬ֮ǰľżʬѾﵽʮ
һ·ϻѹʬ֮Ĺ޷ֵʮʬΧɱڸ˻ͨɱʱѾŴ󱦵˵Ϊĵ
һʯҡ
ڷӣеļϷɢɭɭķ׭еǷŷŹǣ֮⻹һЩż͸ֱһЩףһЩ̽
󱦵˷ܵĴУǰЩƷǻͷһȫȡһıһǿֵ⣬һģȽϴģַ׭ʮţиΪĹ׭һţŹҲö㹻άֺܾá
󱦺ͱɽֵ˷ܵĴСУͼҲһɵЦǿҲϴ
·ˣˣ
ǿżŷ׭ͷŹǣǱžŮһСģϸѾһŵףȥΪ
ǼһﻹôЩ벻ֻ˼̵ʱ͵ĲرҺ뿴ǰ˷Ѿǰ֮ı飡󱦴˿̿ЦǰҲڸԹԴ˿൱˷ܡ
ҿԣǣǿʱ˸⣬ǴкãȻǼһѶ̽ȻǽϿ֡
ȻĶҪȫߣȥ֮ٷ֡һĶͱǰգǱҲϣ̴ԭ·أڵйĻ뿪
֮󣬴һͨɱһˣǸһӡ
ǽ⵽Ҳʱ䣬Ľ˵ԲˣҲǼĬԵʡ
ˣǰӦþĲرһοٶȾƼ¼ˣһȫչΣȻݴ͵ŴǰˣԶԶľͿ´Ȼô뵽ر൱˷ܡ
ģСһΣ㹻ĺܳһʱˣ
ǿɲǸָӵõδһȲߣǽҲ˷ѣǸ⼸һĻᡣ
ߵ˶Ǹ͵˵ȻϾҪرȥչα˭Щ˷ܡ
ֻȵرտҲʯңһ㶡
ûߴɣӦþǷرˣôǿյģһ˳Ծ˵ȻûзӦ
ҲһǸҲһɻ󣬰Īﲻر
ܿǾ֪رıǱһȡߵģΪǿǽϵԼЩľӡ
ľӣ˵ǰڷŶǽϵԣֱ֤ʵ˽ȵǵʵ
ȵǽϵԣζըˡ
Ǵǣҧгݵ˵ͼǽдһŤ˵Ĵ֡
춼̫ˣԶǾˣ
˿ҲĿɿڴֱǲš
ôܣǰôܱǻ죬Ҫ֪һ·ϿûϢҴǵʵǲ˺ܶ࣬ǲܿùǡһ̺
ȻҲһţʵǰɲǲš
ǽϵԾѾ˵⣬ǾǴһرȡеıȻԶԼ
ǰһ﾿ôģʱǻָһ˿侲ʼ˼ͨѳ̶ȶһģһԲһͨǿһͨ飬Ҳ˵ǵȷǿʵԼǰ档
ǸϤһ˵ʵȷǲܿùԼø˼⡣
ڣ뵽һֿܡ
Ǹ¼Сӵˣֻж˵ĵϸ˽⣬˵ΪʲôͻȻӿٶȣ¾ǳǸϡ
뵽һãܺãҵš
ܵɢĿֲɱ˶֪һǶŭһͿǰڷﶯûʲôԽѸĹ棬һ֪ЭͻȺ֮ҲܺΪС
Ȼ֪ɱŨǻ쵰һΰһΪ԰ȻҾ֪ҵ³ɱǣҲһҪԶ֣
˵Ϸһ˿ͺ⣬һԵͬ鿴öһ
֮ĳһ羰续ʹǴ˿ڷַսƷôǵĻ˵ûôԣ
һŪķ׭һʮţȣʮŻԵֵΪֲĹʣµŷΪĹ
ֹѾԺᲢˣɴ˿ɼǵ󣬿˵һŹ׭ɱĸ֣һ¾ţȻǴա
˵Щ׭Ҳ߼ģҲ޷Ƴڴ˵Ҫչͷʱ򣬲û顣
ȻףҲ㹻
ֵǣǿ˴ķգȫϵܣһ˿Էһ룬ʣµһ룬֡
һ仰Ͷ˻һˣһ˾ͷһ룬ҲΪԵ˵ͷͬʱҲǰ󱦹ȻһʮֹһһǶչ֣ԼһȷΪ
ͼǿҲǵ˵ͷûɽֵܾ͸ûˣֻ󱦵ǲָԡ


һٰʮ 赶ɱ
һķ׭ȡߣȻûжȻߴ󱦣ԼҪȫĹ׭ʣµķ׭ֻһ֣ĶŹһûҪ
ȻȡеĹ׭ҲԲеķŹǶЩ˵ûôΪ֮زᱻȻҪ䡣
Ҳͬ䷽ʮżʬԼ浱Ƶķ׭ʵһʹǲһ֮޷뿪ֻȴΪ˻÷ʹУԴԸǿĵؽ
Ȼ֮صĿռס
ʬͷ׭֮󣬾ʹȥ̽һ£Ѿ֪֮صĲǷļĲ鶼ǷֻҪԽ󣬾ͿԵõ
ʱʹ˵ԼɹõҪ뿪ʱ򣬵ǿԴŴһ뿪
˶ǾҪص³ʱҡҡ󱦣Щ˽ҪȥȲȥˡ
£Ҫǰæô󱦴˿ѾֵܣֻҪſڣ϶æ
ãȻȥһ˳һǣЦЦа˳´λͽȫ֮أصԵĹ硣
ãԼСģ㲻ĻһҪǣΣգǰ˵򲻹ܣ˼䣬Ǿ뿪
ʣһٻ״ϣȻ֮صķȥ
򣬾ǲڡ
ɵļ죬Ϊ±˷֣ŵУһͻȻֶҲһӺȻһˡ
νˣʹƣģȴǲҹάòª˵ٸһֻ񣬱һԾ޴ĳ˻Ҫһ㡣
һ̾ϳԷǸߵ£ʱ͹۲ԲǴ
ôᵥ
ͬʱҲֻ˲·һ˿ξȥ͵͵һţҲǸļıһ󱦵ˡ˸ţǻԷµķΪɣ󱦵ƭҰ⣬ʱǲֻ֣Ǵĸʱ󱦵ʵǿҲֻеķݶ
ǸĽ赶ɱ֮ơ
û뵽ڰ·ϻһӵˣһһˣǲϲԼĻˡ
Դ󱦵˺֮ǣһֱûлᣬҰ⣬ԼԵ˴󱦵ˣɱŸһ͡
뵽ЦһȴȻӿٶ˹
ʲôʵԷɱµʱѾо˶ԷɱҶԷͻȻӿٶȣҲûӹ۾
˸ʲôв⣬壬˲żʵܺԼ
գ֮䣬˾ͳ˹ͬʱצɹֱץ˹һ־ȻҪء
ɣЦһƺѾԷؿڱԼͳһѪܴ󶴵ĳ
һ̣һƺ˹ȥһ˵ϣһ˲͸оǱһɼΪ޴У˲ıнͬڵһһͷԵϣǽ涼ҳһӡ
һѾǳǴԱߡ
棬ϵĹͷһ룬ֱߺߣȴǶãղһ¹ǶټʵѾǴﵽԪʮ۷ĴڣҲҿҪʶԷһЩû֣ղһ¾Խˡ
ֽקڵϣһŲڶԷؿڣֱʵΪʲôһ͹ң
˼ĵطԼһҲûгԹԷΪʲôڶμͻɱ֡
Ѿˣ˿۾ǿ־壬ƺǶҪ¡ҲǸҲһͽְе״̬Ѿǳ˿־塣
ʻ˫ۣŵһ£ֱӽһж¶˳ʹ֮ĳԹΪһΰ˷ý赶ɱ˵ķӸɵһ鶼˵˳
Ϊ֪ǰ˱ȸҪˣָ֣Լֻʵʵ
ԭˣЦһ
ʹ󱦵ĳԹѾãҪŽĻὫǸɵû뵽һΪԼԵʣǰرеıһ¸øԲôһơ
Ϊڵ³ǲˣͻᱻȺ֮Ը뵽֮֡
ô˵Ѿ֪ͨ˸ˣЦһ䣬ֻоǶħЦݣǵ˵ͷôŵľҲ˳
أʲôʱ֣һ䣬Էشܿ죬ڸѾҵǣʼƭǹȥˡ
ʱ䣬ԼʹǷֿҲСʱȻһСʱ㹻ʵʩƻˡ
ڴǺ˽ģ˵зϢ϶ԥĹȥǼҲǿЩӣͷֻ࣬ó
˵ɣʲôطһ䣬֪µҲˣȻ֪Σգ϶Ҫȥæģֻϣʱ仹ü
˺ԥصһתֵǸطԶҸ֮ǰѾˣδ֮ǰҵǸطһȵ˵طǾˣ㲻ɱңҾʹȥ԰ʡʱ䣡
ȻҪ˱סһϧ˸ǲ⣬ûŹԷ˿۾һɣͷų˿У˲ҽһֱӱʬ
ֻǷУҵȷǲٿ죬δֻзһֶΣаȻɵ߿֮ϣȻͷųеʶ̽顣
˿ʶͬ״ﲨһ㣬ӣȫΪԵǧ֮Զ
ȻֻӡŲƣ֪صλҲҪһꡣ
ĳ˵Ϣ޷ӦǵλãΪ̫ԶӦÿԸӦϢ
ղҲ˵ˣһڵľݵţǸݵҲһǧôѾӦҲ뿪Լĸ֪뾶
֪ͬˮһɢܵһɸϢǺԥ߶ӡԷŲ˹ȥȥ飬ֻˡ
֮ǰλһǧ˰ٹһʮ˵ĸڿǰУʱǰĿһŤһͻȻǰ棬סʮȥ·


һٰʮ ȫɱ
ڿʮɱڵĸ֪֮̾ԼҶˣЩǰȥķ֮ǰ˵ĵط
ʮʵǿÿһﵽԪżʵˣжһ׭Ƿ׭һһͲһЩз
һҲûȫӦսΪǸոս֮ػϤԵʱѡӣһβһ⼸֮Ҳ˽ⲻ٣ټЩȥɱ󱦵ˣȻǲܷǹȥ
һûгһսҾͿЩмＸ˿սȫϵ˲ʹﵽ˶㡣
Ǹӡƿߣʮ˿̿ҲһǵȻ֮ǰĻʮ̽Χסɢɭɭɱ
֮ǰʹùӡŲƣԶԷ֪ӡҲֵ֣ʮƺԼĵ⡣
´սһҲû롣
һͷϹ֣ȻΪǿ˿йǰһζԷзһŹֵԲζ赲ǶǷĿӡһͲǷƷ˿оȻֻǶ¼кۣ޷жϡ
ɱӡƿߣһøֶν
ʹöƷأʣµİ˸ǴӲͬķͬʱ
иԶһâĳìǳìͶһŹ֣ͨɱΧĿռ䶼
˸Ľ˵ֹȷ򸲸ǣܵϬƿŲæǴ߶˿֮ƽмìƣƳìٶȺʹķͬʱһѽ
һͺ޽ƵĳⳤҪ޽ǿö࣬Ȼ޷ġ
֣ͬʱףǳű˿вƳìļȥгѾʩչ彣һХǰʮ׷Χڳ֡
ǰ˸Ȼû뵽Ȼڱͬʱַʽзֻʮûңʮ˾ȻǻغһǼͬʱгìնĽֻͬʱļѾǴ߶طԱ۴߶еķ׭
ʱڣӦٹ˫Ĺؿ쵽£ȻսȫȻͬʱЩȻץסٽй⹥ֱӾ͵ķ׭
Ĺ׭Ҳֺ֣֣ܶǿʮͨĹ׭ΪǷƵģҲǾԲСЩ߶׭ķʽ̫Ź֣Ȼ׼һ׳һֱۣԷ׭ҲǼһɿֲѪ֮ǿ
һδ߶׭ĸ׭˲仯ֹ̬֡
ֱһ۵׵磬һŻλ棬һľ޴ӰȻ׭ԭʲôر߼ķ׭ΪǷƵģٱӣ˲ܵ˼Ϊֲѹ
ֹ˿ڵؽȫһڵȡж֮ҲԷˡ
ǧһ֮ʣǽ׼ӳֵ£ͬʱ˦ֶһŽջ׭Ǵӷȡķ׭ȻΪǿˣ˾Ĵʦʵڷ׭ҪЩ·ҵĸǿĶ࣬ջһһ֣С
һЩҲǽ
һ׹žһ»ڻϣʱһ;죬Ȼһ׹ޱߣĻҲһֵǿҪʤһ׵£Ȼɢһ绡ɢ١
ʩչ׭ǸԴһû뵽Լ׼һۼķ׭ȻûйƶԷĻ֡
ŵڶ͵Ҳˣλ˲ǻޱȣת㵱һΪӲĽҲԻˮڵҲһѴľ޴Ӱˣ͵һ
޴ĽӰЯһеƺȻ£һ¾ײ˽ջϣֻһ¿Ƽ᲻ɴݵĽջ־ͳһ˿ơ
֪һӰķ׭ȼܸߣڹ׭Ҳϳˡ
ԸʮҪܵĽʡսܲ÷׭ãڿǲˣһ޴ӰβܣջǺܿͻᱻƣʱҲ϶޷赲
¶ѣץסһ׭
ǴӷȡŹ׭еһҲ޷׭ĵϸжʦ߸һŷҲȤơ
ڷ׭ҲǵȼȽϸߵˣ˿ʹ㼤һŷ׭ɱЩ
ŷǿҴ߶ҲҪһЩֶΣڴʦʵӦÿԣ㾡ܷļҪҲæʦ仰ָһǶ衣
ԥһŷ׭
ͬʱľ޴ӰҲžһڻػĻֱ£·֮ɫڳɹˡ
ɾʱͻ𣬾ͼ̧һƴһһ޴ޱȵĺӰ˲ʱͽǽӰײ˸顣
ˣǻλҲǱһӰȻɿһ̣һ޴Ƹͷ޴󵽽նڵ
ǹŷ׭ƣһּΪķ׭ȻǿԸӡ
ҲǷ׭û뵽ҲУ죬ȫ׭һɱˣˣһ˿̼״æ
߸ûм׭ĸͬʱǸԵķ׭˲ʱߵ׭һ˹ȥ
ߣ۵ѣ˿һڼ֪֮ŷ׭ĳ̶ֳϸǹԼ
ˣһʩչٿƣͬһͷΪ׺Ұһųȥ֮ͺѿƣƲͬ׿ƣһѵӦֵָĴġ
˵ʵ˿̵Щھʹһ׭ˡ
ѾңҲ뿼¾ŷ׭һ߽ʮɱɣ˿ʮ㡣
߸ͬʱ׭һЦһ̴߶ץ˹ȥ޴ޱȵһϴݿһ㽫ߵ׭ĹȫͬǷ׭Ϊȼͬʩչ߲ͬȻر
ߵ׭ͬǻӿˮһ˲ʮݣһ֪ԷԲӦģֻȻʱҪѾˡ
߶ƣֱӳʮץ˹ȥȻʮѾһʱɢӻȥţ̫޴󣬴˿ȻһץʮǱʮѪ


һٰʮ ʬ
һ󱦵Ѿȵòͷˡ
֮ǰǸջص³ǣſ˸ˣ߾Ȼ͸¶һλãߴ󱦵һص㣬ȥ
󱦵Ȼǲ£ȥǸط˰춼һ˹Ѿ൱ͷˡ
ǲͷǺγǣ˿Զ˶һɽ֮Զ뿴Ŵ󱦵ˡ
Ǽһ﾿ô£Ϊʲôûջһ赶ɱһУ˵ΪһʧΨһµľǴǲϹڴǱߵϹˣʮþȵĸû
᲻Ǽһﱻ֣ɱˣһĳ˵ڸǶʮ־£һ϶ֻһ·ȥţһֵȷֿܡ
룬ҲֿܣҡͷӦðǼһܻ飬мƻôܱ֡
Ȼô˵ʱƣ˳ٳδ飬Ҳټʵ֮ǰĲ²⡣
Ȼû뵽ͱɱҲǱһ󱬻Ѫ
˿ɢѪֿ˿ɢƣҲʮ𺳣˵ҲԽԷȫ𣬵ƲٿΪӦ֣ɱʮֱǲѴ֮
ʮҲ˷ʱ䣬Ҫֱɱǲ󣬿νмＸԷʵãԲֱռ˲ʵǿҲӡʹ߾ߣ˭Ҳס
û̶һȥǸ򣬺Ȼ֮ǰǽķ⡣
ǷʵѾǱϴһգʲôһûʣ£ûȥչʲôΪʬ
ȻҪȥǸȻҪǿʵԷһĴ֣ȻҲѷɫʬͳõѡ
ȻѾķıﶼûˣһЩʬڣ˶ʬǣΨֱ֮ȴǵʬ˱
һǴȥǷʬȫƣ齨Լʬ
ٶȼ죬ܿͽ⣬ΪѾ˽ұȡбʵѾû˷ȥ硣
һҵһЩʬЩʬ֮һʱ˹һ⣬ַơ
Сʱ֮ʬѾƣƵʬҲӵʮ
⻹ԶԶĿǰʵԿԿϰʬ֮ǰѾӴǿ֪һЩǰϴٹķ⣬ѾȥգûбֻһЩʬ
ʺȥ
ֻǰʱ䣬ֽõķ⣬˲ʬ˿ƿصʬѾﵽһ١
һﵽżʬ붼ÿֲ˵һҪκ¶ڻ¡Ӳ棬Ҳ˽˵ǿڴǧ磬ٸռ䵱У涼޵еĴڣ浱ʱһͷԾ˵
һżʬͣʬֲӵĲһʬԿγһɼΪֲսҿѹƸ
¾㱸Ҳ飬Ųڵķȥ
ڣҪʽ
֮֮ԪʤȻٶȼ죬ĲǻСʱ
ǳԶѾǿһ¥ǰ档˵֮ǰѾ˿˵¥Ϣ֪¥һֻʮ߲㣬˿ۼԾС
ʮ߲㣬Ӧûж߲Ŷԣ֪ô¡ǳߣһжʮ׸ߣʮ߲ж߿֪ˣ¥޽ļΪŹ֣ǹ壬ռؼΪӴ󣬸ǳһϣ˲ҪĤݡ
ǷļĲ󣬹ȻȷпľȻǶʦǷлǷ棬˿̼ƣһʱ˾֮ɫ
Χȫǵ˵Ϣν𣿡ò콢˿˵
ˣֱɱȥ˿ʮ㣬ʵǸ˽⣬ûκ©ڲΧһֿռֹŲƽ룬Ψһİ취Ǵ湥ȥΪˣ֮ǰŻʱ䣬ȥռʬ
˿£ҲزأȻųԼϢֱ
ܣд͸צѲӣҲǵһʱ䷢Ƿͬʱǰء
ò˵Ƭ֮ٵ˳Ķǰ˼żռ˴ôһԼҪӲȥǼΪѡ
׼ʬһ˿ʱ죬ȡרŵķ׭
ʬɱ˺Էķһ£ϰʬӰͻȻ֣ЩʬһڿУξ޴󣬶ͷſʬɢĹ⣬էһȥʵģ׳ޱȡ
ԭһϰʬͬһͬʱжӶצȥһκԥǱǷʦı֪ʹηǴڵΨһĿľս
ڣϰʬȥ֮ͬһ׶һ¾˺˵˵͡
һȻ˶ڣʵִȴ޷ʬᲢۣһͱʬɱһֲǵ˶ϵʬ֪ʬĿֲͬĸ֣ʬĶ֣ҲΪʲôЩʬԸ⡣
ɲЩСӱ˷ʱ䣬Ҫ󣬾ҪܸԶ˵ҪӦԵĵˡ
ڶʬ͵ɱѽѷ֮ʱûȦֱȥ·Ҳɢĸ˹ôֵܵ˿սȫһһЩƴ׭Ҳ޷һ߶ӡѾ˲䵽׿⡣
˿ľ뼸Ǵֿɼûоʹ˷ɾ裬ǻΪΪֹνĸû
ʣĿǰɵĵˣԷ۾֮سΪһĴڣֶΣҶԷѾҪ֪Ƿļ䣬ԸõĶȻҲǷһ㣬㹻Եˡ
һʬ˿̺ܺõǣƵ˵񣬵ȻŸԮĵԽԽ࣬һʬҲֵ˶ã˿̶ԷѾʼ߶׭ǿĹǲʬ
Կ˷Ѿ㼯˳ɰǧĵˣǸߵͲˡ
мƻ˿ֳӡط߶˲ʱԨϾͳһεӰӡ


һٰʮ ԩ·խ
һĿռӶʦѧֶΣһεӰԱСȻѧӡܶԸǵؽּĴڣҪֹΧЩȴǿġ
Ҫģռֹ˽룬ܵǸǽܣռݲ
߶ӡǸֳȻʹ˲ͽΧﷶΧֽȥԶȥǸһ޴ޱȵβһ
ռóɹЩٽˣʱһʯͷ
ǣսɱ죬Ϊ۾֮صĸƺûĴ㡣
ЩŹˡ
һ£ֻһǶԷڣһ֣ǶԷм֮ǰͲڲһΪǿϢ˵ȸҪǿ̫࣬Լ
ʣǿ϶Ǹ
ȻڣǹǵڶˣܸоԷǿ󣬲Ȼˣ˵ʲôҲҪλ
뵽Ҳ÷ˣֱӴ߶ӡϢŲƣһ̣Ѿǳ˲ڡ
һΪǰһţžʮɸߣ֮Χûκζ
ǵǰ˿̶һˡ
ۣһͷϵİ׷ɢͷϣӰ͸оһɸ˵ģû˵ʲô˿̶ʦȴͻȻˣ
ôһ㶣ʦȻǸ룬һЩؼʱ̶ʦǴӲԶ˿ͻȻĳôһ䣬϶Ƿʲô˲õ顣
¶Ǹ˭ʦһ䣬͸һɲ˼顣
˭Ҳ˺ģôȥǰʮа˾žνĸˣʦʧ̬ӣĪʶɡ
ʦ˿̸˵ǰǸȴͻȻ˵ˡ
Ϊɽʦ˱棬ݣ
һȳͻȻͬ£һ𶯣˿̵ʵȻҲǱһޱȡ
棿
ⳤ߾ȻԳƱ棬ɵðһΪŹǲ˼ͷ֮ǰʦǷʵֲ²⡣
ֻûжΪһ仰ͳŶԷݣ˵ллɣȷԷݣҲᡣ
ֻϽ飬ݣ۶ԷǼ٣ƢҪȿ˵
Сһ㣬ûпˡǷ棬ȻȥЩ˼飬ԷκϢǷɣ
棡
ϵĵһǿߣǧܳԽĴڣɽ֮ʱ콢ı涼ûг֣˵еĴڣ˿̾Ȼǳǰ
ȻովͲµ飬ʦĻðŵͷôǷ棿
治ںܾúܾǰ
ʦǷһ˿лģǷôԼǰ
ԾԲԾ
һ𺳺Ͳ֮⣬ͬʱ⣬ʱò˵Ƿǳ򶨵ģԷǷ棬طҲǴ⣬˭֪ǵѡ
ҶʦոȻ˵ԷǷ棬ԼСģ˵ʦҲ֪λ桯߲ơ
㣡
ʱ򣬶ʦͻȻ˵һ׼ˡͬʱոսĵطȻƮһŷ׭һֱ׵ĺڶиһצץȡȻһЩצ϶ᱻһӳڶ
գͫһոտ˵ΣǶʦǰΣսѣΣˡ
͵ϮǶڵϵĳߴ˿ҲһȻӵŤͷ˹
һ֪Ϊʲôʦ˵ԷǷˡ
ɽʱĻ񣬶ǰ߿ȥǺͷ泤һģһ
ֻԷķɫЩ֮λĶͷϻһŹֵӡơ
ϣλǿ󵽿£϶ǱҪǿ
ԭˣʦ˿ȴͻȻ˵Ƿʬ꣬ԿǷʬ壬ֻÿʬʬ˶ѡ
һˣֻԷͷϲûпʬʦƺ֪ô룬ԼûͷһŹֵӡôǾǵһʬطҶֻ˵ʩչ벻֮ؾȻ˻á
ôһ֪ˣѹһΪ߼ʬѣҲ˵ʬ˾ΧǶԷ֮ǰװɷҪ͵ϮԼ
ûжʦǻ˵ϾʬƳɵʬͬСɣ΢ע⣬Ϳܻᱻɱ
ղҲ̽Ƿʬ֮ⲢûϢ˵ĸͲΧԼӦò
˿Ƿʬ֮ǰ͵Ϯʧܣ˿Ҳ¶֮ɫ˿̳۶µһɼΪֲϢΧһֲķ׭֣Ҫˡ
ģѾŲ³νĸˣҶԷصĵططǷʬϡʦ˿侲Ҳ֪µΣ
˵ͷ
֮ǰҲǱԷŪɸģ˿ϸһ룬ҲеĵͶʦһҲǴŲ³νݡ
¶Է̾ʬò˵ôһʬ;ƽ֮һ
浱жǿûۼֻǵ;˵񿴵һʬɵʬ׵ķжǿˣǿѾԼ֪ȷôԼڵʵԵסһ
˿̼һʬǣҲʮ־񣬶ԷսҪԼǿ󣬸˵ʬƺҲøַ׭ֵ顣
ʬʵѾʦˣҽһʼͶɱƳǸĻĸʦ˿̰⡣
˵ͷҲд⣬Ҫ˵ԼֵĹУпܽǿķʬɱ
ʬڵǸѾȷԷˡ
ܲʬ嵱УֻһֿܣǾ壬Ҹոʬ˲䣬ͶʦоϢ
ϣֻ壬һǾ壬һǹ壬Ȼ˻һ㣬Ǿֻʣһֿˡ
Էǹ壬Ŀǰ콢֮⣬ǿ˭
ѾǺ֮Ǿǵؽ
ͶʦȻ³ͬĴ𰸣ʬУĸǵؽ˵ǵؽһ
˿ЦˣЦдһ˿⣬Žԩ·խ


һٰʮ Ի
ؽôܻ֮أһ˷һʬǣ
ֻҪ΢֪ԭˡ
Ϊؽ˷ĲֿռƿԷȡΨһ;֮ء
Ȼؽȡ㹻֮ΧĿռӽ뵽𣬾û뿪д֮ػõ붼ͨ˼άݳȥġ
Եؽʵִ֮ôʱ䣬ΪĴڲϡ棬еĵһӾˡ
֪Է׶ԸؽѾǿףֻжܽɱؽ֮زӦǾ仰å˭ס
ɼˣҲҪ˵ؽΪֻԼܽӹܲ󣬻÷
ţԼҪȵؽƣΪԼͳĶʦǿǷĲл꣬ϸ˵ʵǷ档
ʯ֮䣬뵽ô࣬ͬʱ¶ĺͶԷս
ٿ汻ؽƵķʬ˿̱ոһУǷʬ̷ڶҪһٽɱĴ㡣
ȻҲǵؽ־ѾǲݵУҪɵֺγԾ󻼡һ̷ʬ˼׭˲ʱз׵ǿޱȵĹ׭һԵĳ
ջдҪ֪Լ˿ԵĿǷʬʵͨʬҪö࣬ǿʩչַ׭Σճ̶Ѿ˵ԪǸؽ
ԥķ׭øڵϣ¾ʱ
¡¡
Щɱżʮֵķ׭˼ΪֲƻƣһطԿ׻ʮ֮ڵһУҲ֪ʲôƳɵģȻǼޱȣЩֲĹȻûֺ
ٿѾûУ˪׵ŰǱ죬еĵطĵˮɱеĵطëȼֲǿĴĵ绡һϣǾżҲԱɱ
һιչֳ˸ʵΪʮҲǱɡ
ҵһνӴҲǶֶֹκǾ棬ò˵׭֮ȷǼΪ߶˵һҵıʩչĹҪǿ󣬺ߣ֮صʱҾ֪ѾܾˣҪ֮ҵĴԿңΪҲ²ڣͶ߷Բֵܵġ
ʬ˿̷ԣȻͬ²ǿʬľ޵еؽ
ˣ˵ôǶˣΪ⣬ѾˣؽЦȻɱ൱˷ܡ
ǿδأʱǰı׵統дһÿЦеĵؽһ
㾹Ȼûؽгһ־֪ղŵĹжǿǿǷ׭˭˭ô๥£ʮﵽʮһҲΪʲôţ
ؽޱȣô벻ͨеĵǰ˪׵ɢȥ¶Ӱ
˿ҲǼΪǱ֮ǰĽջѾ飬ϵ·Ҳãͬըըһɻš
ˣӡıʱ򣡡ؽʵǷƿعӡĴڣ˿еĵ
ЦЦûзϡ
ȷոնԷĹȷ̫ңھ߶ջԷΣֻӡıʱ˶һ١
֪һвһֱá
ӡҲ㣬ǿƵĶʹʱȻؽҲ֪һ㣬˿һЦϧһʱֻʹһֱʱãһΣͲӹˡ
Ϊӡʮ˽⣬ؽ˿̲ٿطʬһƬ׭Ȼеڶը
ԹһοȻöԷ˳ȷһСʱ֮ڣֻһʱ䣬ʱٴܵǾҲû취
һαıսǾǲܷҪͶԷӲƴ
֮ǰõŷ׭Ѿһƣ˿ţ˿һԵļ͵ؽĹײȥ
㾹ȻһԼŷ׭ؽ¶ɫʩչʵҪΪӵʬԼ޷һģѾ˲㣬˲ٷԿ΢΢𶯡
츳ķ׭ҲԱȲңҺĶܰؽЦһ̲ϵĴ߶׭
֮سưԶ꣬еĴĿ£ȷҪƴ׭˭Ȳ
ĵ׭ܿһգҲ֪Լķ׭ٶʮҲ϶Ĳؽĵ׭ʩչ֮һ˫ͬʱȻ˳ȥ
ߣǿϧ㲻Ƿ棬ĻҲ£ͳ׭ʲôգؽХһȻҲǿƷʬʩչ
Իĵ˲ײһ̼䣬ضɽҡ󣬴˿̶˾ҵҡΣӿĻ˲佫ڣѾ˻֮磬һ»¯ڲ͵ؽȻҲ⣬ͬܵĹĵͬʱ
˿̣һƴǹֶΣͬʱƴĻķ
ջڴ߶ͬʱȻһη񼤻˷׭ֶξԿƿֲǱߵĵؽ˵˷ʬҲûڴ߶׭̴֮߶׭ı£һϾ˵ķ׭ڵؽ֮ϣѹԷһͷ
ߣзҵķڷʬڣʬǵǹˮ֣Ҳκβãؽ˿һȫ߶ʬǿȻ˵£ⲻͨ棬ſռֱͨشؽ壬µؽڶ¡
˲ʱ䣬۵һжֳ֣ȼֱԽһж
ֻ֮£ǿĸ֪ҲʧЧؽٿطʬ֧ţȻ޷ݻٷʬǿʬشǿġ
òɢȥؽ˿̫޴ΪһյĿռ䣬ռ䶼Ż棬һʼûϵģ˹ʬȷܵشջ֣ȱɣʱȻѻָ
˿̣ؽ֪̽ϢֶԷϢʧˡ
ϲϢʧˣ˵ԷĵɵĻˣ


һپʮ 
վɱңȴǰʯͷԼĽţؽ˿̿Цһ̽飬ûиܵϢͬûиܵʹùӡŲƵļ
Ȼû뿪ԵؽоųɰտԿ϶ѾˣһĵĹ֮¡
棬ɢȥΧľҲ𽥻ָ˹ȵϢŤû
Ƽ˵ķʬؽܣûпκӰ߲к
ԣûεǿ󣬾Ǹڻʬ϶Ǳճ˷ɻң궼ջӦˣؽЦ˼˵һʼֻһϣֻΪԷ콢˹ϵԲŻĹע
߲ͨǴΣʵ֮Ԫ磬ɳһһ׷ɱȴһ
ԷʵȻǿ󣬲ɱԼķǽԼԿռĹͨԼı塣
ʣǸʱ𣬵ؽǽҪԴĵˡ
֮أķͳưãȻ޷뿪֮ػع鵽壬ȴǿԴһЩ洴յĿռƿ֮ͨصķõġ
֮⣬һЩǿһʬʬ
ΪʬڣؽʩչҲΪˣѾ˶ԷУʬڣĻõԶ֡
˷ļս·ʬأǶʱԻָʵҲۿۣΪ൱ֵõġ
һ̴ӷʬ嵱ƮһɺɫʣͬƯĺɫҺһ㣬ճ࣬ܿɫγһӰǵؽ
ˣһҲܼоطˣؽ˵꣬ŤͷǸ޴ͥȥʱסˡ
۾Ǿ޴ͥؽϵı˲üΪѿ
ͨĴڣǾ޴ͥԭǿģֻһּΪǿķӡţֻвϵӡɣܽƽȻ룬һ룬ͥͻպϣǹţŰһ
˿̣ڵؽͨĲͥȻǱպˡ
⣬⾿ô£ؽˣּĴڣҲǻˣΪÿһһ˽ͻرգ˽룬ŵڵļƣȻ˽ȥˡ
˭˭ؽѺܳʱ䣬뵽˿ڵķȴû뵽Ȼһ룬бߵļ
ܿ죬ؽ뵽һֿܡ
ûбˣ˸ոյ
ͷһ֣ؽľֱ³뵽һĿܣǾʵûڸղĵŰ£͵͵˵ڡ
࣡
ؽ˿ĭʵǲʵƽľ룬ƺֻһֿԡҲ˵ǸûһϷˣԼֶΣ͵͵ԭӦԼĲ㡣
뵽еĸʹУؽʡɱ˵ĳ嶯

һǣؽĹǱպϵĴţƺҪ俪ǼҲƻǷļ᲻ɴݣκֶζǣӵг
ؽ֪ʷûܳ棬ıҲ̫Զ
䲻ţؽƿڴҲ֮ܲйеԹޡ
˿ŵһΣȴڵϣָ֮ǰĴˡ
ոպ͵ؽʬʵϲռƣǶԷӵн޵ķ׭һ㣬ǺľܽԼ
ȻԽӡ뿪ȷνĸǵؽ֮ıˣ滹콢Ľ顣
Ժŵ˵Եؽ˽ľ콢ڴ߶֮콢͸ߣ뷨ӽ㣬Ϊ˽ؽӡ뿪ؽٷ֮ٻ׷ɱеҪǣڵؽӵоƣзʬʩչ漶ķ׭һ޷ӱܡ콢ӣ㡣
콢ֻὨ飬ܰģȴǶʦ
ò˵õĿ£ʶ˶ʦûжʦҪǳ룬ؽķôʱ䣬Ҳֻţһ֪Բ׽롣
ʦͬǷ汾˵ĲлͳʦҲӲл֪˺ܶ飬оͰ
Ҳڶʦһ뵽֮ͻȻѵļ䣬ڱԿͥڶʦ˵ȴҪ׺ܶࡣ
ټϵʱĵ̫ͣЩס콢ͶʦĽ飬˲㡣
֮󣬴Զرգ޷͸Ϣˣؽƿڴһ䶼ûҲ⡣
Ƭ֮󣬻ָǰȥץʱ̽㡣
ȻǷصĿ϶Ǻͷйصļ䣬Щ䶼鱾̬ġ
ǰһ޴ŵĴܣϣ϶鼮Щ鼮ѾҳһЩطǽ˺һ֩Ȼﲻ֪û˽ˡ
е飬ûƣֻɫСͺȲֻͬһֻͨļ䣬ѡһǹڷ׭֮ģŻϸ
ûãҵһڷ׭ļ飬һֱǳУ
ɣЩǷļ䣬ǷǿǴŵûҵ󴫳Уʱ̵ˡʦ˿˵ֻѾ麣ѹû仰
콢ͶʦһЦЦҲǳţȥ
˵ĵؽ˿ڽʵǰԭӦýĵ㡣
ãܺã˵õ˵Ĵҵؽѹ㣬ɱԣҲܸɵҪȥĲ㣬Ҫʵţұɱ㣡ؽ˵꣬ǿ߶ʬٻһʬſڣֻҪһʱͿ֪
ؽ缱ǵĸĲ㣬ȻѾȽ룬ôһҪĲ㣬ĲĴУȻֱɱ
ʮ߲һһ룬ԽߣܻõĶҲԽãؽһֱѹΪһͶл˺ܶôǸǿķʬ
Զڷ󣬵ؽ˭֪Ҫԡ


һپʮһ ۷
׿ҪȥĲĵؽ˵˿ʼרоĲ顣
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һĲ㣬ûκţѾҪʳһҲ֪ȥҲû¸ʱţֻĹ鼮һһѻСɽһ֤ʱš
㵱ǧ鼮ֻ֮һʵ;һǧ飬֪ʶѾǳˡҹȡЩ鱾ϵ֪ʶⱾ飬ŵһ̧ͷĳǿʣ˿̶¶һ˿ݣֻƣУּһ˿˷ܡ
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˿˫͸һ˿ǣȻĿһϢһһǧ鼮е֪ʶ
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µʱ䣬ؽԿĲô૵ȴǴ⣬Ҫ͵ؽʱ䡣
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ȷǸԷʱ䣬ҲҵڣҵԷôô׵Ľ룿
һʱ䣬ҴӵĲʱ򣬾ڣµĲںȻ򿪣ؽһǿƷʬ룬ĲڵͥȻرա


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ӡŲƵ˵³֮һ֪󱦵˵飬ͳ
ϴε黹ûˣû뵽ԼˣҪձЭᣬɱɣ


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ĶͷһǱ⵹ˣ޷֣ϴʧ٣ͽ²һ֣ݴ󱦵˹Эᡣŵϣ϶뷨֤ףǴ󱦺Ϳͼֱӣ˼ƣǿһζûп⣬ֱǿй֪
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ȻЭᣬʵǷͬؽҪȻҲᱻϵһĵ³ˡ˵ˣĲǿʮһʵԲʱƣһȻСҪץԲףҼȻҲûм⣬ץ˾ǡ
ǿֶκ֮Ų֮ôá
֮⣬͸Ҳǵؽģ˵˭֪ؽǿмεؽץҲЩֶܵβûбɵ˿Ȼ˸оޱȣܸɵǿ϶ҲܸɵԼ
ſʼԥˣ͸һҪūźܻܿߣЭᣬҲܲˡƫƫ˵ū۱ˣǵɣֻҪȥһЩ¡
Է˵ģôӦԷΣԷ˵ѣ˵ʱԼӣţԼҪӣ˭Ҳס֮Է˵ģôԼһǴһѵĻᡣ
ҪǣԷѾ˵ӡƿߡ
ӡŻ֪һЩģӡƿ߿Ųƣܵǿռƣ˵Ҫӣܲӹӡƿߵ׷ɱδ֪
ڵѾǳˣ򣬿϶򲻹ԷˣҪЭҲֶκӣһӵõȻˣǰǰľֻһ·Ǿǳ
˵ʵҲû뵽ԼôһթԷȻ˳ˣôܺƽá


һپʮ ͼ
ЭĴУŵ˵Ļ㱨ͬʱ˿ڵϵһѶЩ޹ǣоᣬֻǴǰڶĸ⵱ռĶΪûʲôãԾͶ˵³ǵĲֿ⵱У˵˾ǽеĶȡ˳
ǿЭĺô֪ڵ³ǲֿôö
ЩȷǺöҵлҪĹڲ
ļֻԷǱѰҪ֪֮رһ޴ޱȵĻЩСֻϣȻһֺ֮໥ӦֻΪޣҲΪǴʦԵʣܷеһ˿ߣˣǵؽҲ֪ЩֻйŹ֡
Эᵱоʱ䣬ǴЩֻпһЩ
ЩֻУһͼ
ֻͼǲͼͬƬҪҵ֮ܽƴճһͼͼӡЩֻеģܳƬǿκζߵġ
ȻˣǷǳ˷ܣһõĿˣЭ͸Ǳ߶´ǾһпѰҴӸ⵱зֵƷֻ
Ѿƿ֮أҲʵŵԣûѹκһǸǱ߻ЭᣬΪм˼ʱвŲͼֻԴԴϵ˻
ڲ£ֱƴա
һʱ飬֪һߣǺʱҲˣϾͺĿĵȥ̽Ѱȣ⻹Ҫʡʱ䣬пܸǵؽӵĲǰҵµڡ
ʱһºܿ͹ȥһµоͻԵķ֡ЩͼѾѰҵ˺ܶ࣬ҾƴһͼѾǽߡ
պڵĶµʱ䣬ţؽѵʱֻԼ࣬Բ١ԭܼ򵥣ԼǴʦһ콢ͶʦؽȻʵ⺺һˣҪȫӵĲٻ¡
ʱ䡣
Щͼ˿ѾȫʶУʶУЩͼѾƴһŵӣֻͿɣ˿Ҳ൱ڴ
󱦵ѺһѰҵֻͣĽУóЩӦǴһ·ֵĸ⵱дģ󱦵ϻŴս֮ĺۼΪ飬Ҳǹƴģ˵һ£ѹûϢһΣҹͣת
Щ߲嵶ֵҲû׻ֻǵ˵ͷȻͿʼ̽ǴĶ
һ£ɫ¶˾ϲЦݡ
ȻһδǴĶҪĲͼͼصĲͼȡʶպýǼȱʧĲֲȫ˲䣬һ޴ͼͬһߵĹâɢȥ¶ͼϸڡ
һṹͼΪӣĸ԰ơ
ֿһֻۣۻңоⶫѾһ£ԺܿͿԼҪҵĶ
һּĲͼŲĽṹ
ʲôԹߣ˵һһ𰸣ɶ˵ֻֿʱ仯ԹҪġˣؽôõʱ䣬ŷڣͺֱӵ˵һ⣬ڲĽṹ϶ڷű仯ͬ˵˼άһı仯
һﹹ˼һԹṹ䵽ֽϣǾǰ϶иĶҲܸĶԹṹһֱʶУôʶı仯Թṹ仯
ҲһǷļγɵģĳַ˵ʵһʶγɵĽȻǿ仯ҲΪʲôҵӦڵԭ
ڷһͼֻҪԽͼƴôͿҵĽṹɹɣȻҪҵӦڣҲҪ׺ܶࡣ
ѾҪļͼ˵ŪĽṹʮ߲ÿֻʱˡ
ȱĻʱ䣬ڽͼȫƴճ̴֮Ѱڡ
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һ仰ʯ쾪˶һ㶣мޱȡ
֪ˣǱ֮أ֪£ÿ죬ÿÿһ붼βܴط뿪Ǵû˳ɹǿţǸĴڣҲ޷֮Ŀռ
˿̣Ȼ³ŵȲ˵Էܲһϣӿ޶
ϣܱȾá
˶ǳһݣ֪ȻôţȻдȥ뿪ǧ֮⣬Ǿһӣ뿪Զһû˻ɣҲûˣС˼
ŵǿԴ֮뿪ʱ𣬾ٶˣҲ谭ȥ£Ϊ谭Լ뿪ϣ
˶ɢȥ뿪Χ
Ŵ߶ӡһռٹķΧ֮˸ι̹̣Ŵ߶ӡŲƣ˲ڡ
󣬵ڡ
Ŀռ˲ʱ䱻˺һӣһǵõ˼ͼѰҵ
ڲУֻǻһʱҵڡ
֮һ¶ЦݣٶȾǵؽ붼벻ģҲõ˼ͼյؽִɳһѰңûʮҵڡ
еؽµӡ֮ǰѾ˿̣콢ѵ
˵ͷڽʱѾ˵ؽµӡ
ⶫһӡǣҲ˵ǼǺţΪӡؽ뿪ԺҪһ׾ٵ顣Ȼؽ֮ǰҲֵ㣬ֻΪʱԭֻǷ֣ûн룬ǴԺٽ롣
뵽ʩչֶΣؽµӡĨȥӡһĨȥôԺؽͲҵˡ
ҵڣû̽룬ǱĿоǼͼִ߶ӡӰʧ֮»صڡ
ոǶʱ䣬ͨͼҵڣ͵߲㣬ֻûн롣
Ҫѭ򽥽ȻԽߵĲ㼶ѶԽȻͨͼһҵ¥ڣ϶Ҫӵ㿪ʼ
мͼҲټҵ߲ĸ㡣
жʦͳķ洫ڣҪ򿪵㲢ȵͥ󿪣૵ؽν룬ٳҪ³ɺһˣķһɱı壬ҲӲ
˵꣬ԥ㡣


һپʮ ľ
󣬵Ĳ㡣
ؽٿطʬ˿һдΧһЩŹֵĿƿӣӿвĹŹҩϿԿЩƿӵ֮ǰװҩƷġ
Ĳ㣬ҩƷǧƿ
һ׬ˣû뵽Ĳ㵱оȻмΪı鵤˵ǵõĳǿҩƷԽʵɱ䣬ڵҩ겻ɢԾʶǧƿҩؽЦһ֪Լ׬ˡ
Ĳõĺôһ㣬ϵĶҪö࣬Щҩ÷ʬȥʵѾ˿̷ʬѾ˵һ˿ƣؽҲʹһķԼͷʬںһ𣬿˵ڵؽǷʬʬҲǵؽ
ڵĵؽʮգԽ䳹ɱԲϴöԷߡ
ҽĲҲˣͦʵϸãĨأȴǲ֪жңǰֻҵڣС֮ڣҲԲҵµڣ˳뿪Ĳӣ֮գؽ˿̷ǳ⣬ȻѾĲеķ浤ҩգһûпĴǴһõĶȻ뿪
ʱǼ˭ɱ˭ʵ
ؽٿطʬܿҵ˵Ĳı䣬ʼ
֪˶ãһ££Ǹʱ䣬֮ؽ˴ǽĲıˡ
Ǳ򿪵˲䣬һɹɳԣͬХһǷʬӶ˶٣ٿȻһѹŹֵ
ͨɫһ壬ǰڵһһһһļ̣ȻԿɱҲԴɱ̵м䣬һƯСɢŹâ
ʲôǵؽļʶһʱҲûϳ·Ȼ֪·һ־֪Ĳ
˵ϵ¶һؽʲô
Ҽǵڵڶйڡļأ˵Է죬Īһѷؽ뵽ԽĿ϶ȻԼĲ㷢ֵľǴ˵ǿ
ؽٿطʬ߶ǰһնʱһ⻯ֶǰĿռ䶼һն޴жһĺۼ
ؽӶɳˣʣһǿҪ֪ǰþһֶΣ޷ƻڵĶڣȻ
¾͸ˣҴ˷ȥܵУߣѾӲһСѾ˼ҵ֮أҪѰҿҵֶΣȴû뵽ôͶѰ·˿̵ؽսⰻȻıȷԼڵʵԿɱԷӡҲûá
лȡĺôѾԽӡһؽɣ֪ԼԶһЩ󣬵ʱ˵ԳԽԼı塣
ڣȥʱˣؽ˿͸һ˿ݺ͵⡣
µĲĺôѾؽһգʵ֮ǰһõһǿޱȵķ˵֮أɱ˭Ϳɱ˭
ӵĲڳ֮󣬵ؽ̲Լڵڵʬ˻ɱҲ˵Ѿõ˵ĺôˡ
뵽ؽЦһǸ˹ȥѾ޷룬׹رգϽ룬㿪ʼ̽Ϣ
˿̿϶ڲܻѰµڣԼѾϤӦúܿͿҵ
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Ź֣ĪС֪ʱ޷ҵڣԾͶ棡뵽ؽŲƵ˲֮⣬ԼצѰ
û֮ȴǷֲǿһˣ˵һƬ򣬾ﷶΧ֮ڣûκϢ
ؽʶԾæȥ⾹Ȼж޴ޱȵĿռС
ڵʵҪƿЩռǳ鷳
ѵ֪ҵĶ֣ԾӡӦֿ֪ռȲϷĿռһʱһؽ˿ҲǴ֮ǰ޴ϲлָ侲ϸ룬ȴǷһ޴⡣
뵽һֿܣȴǼæصУȻӦ֮ǰڵµӡһӦҪȴõؽһ亹
ȻӦ
ôܣؽ¸Ӧͬʯ󺣣ԼµӡǴһ
һ̣ؽЩ֣̿һ£ԼӡǱӲĨȥġ
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ȻĨµӡֽ׶ֻԼӡǲ˵ڣ˵Ƿ˵ڡ
ԲУؽһ̴߶طӦԼӡһЩϢ
Ҳ֪ôֵڵģΪͿҵĶ붼룬϶ѽ룬Ӧûûд򿪣ֻҪҵӡĲϢһԸǰ棡ؽ˿̽ޱȣǰ޷ѾĨȥӡӦֶΡ
ڣõ˵Ĳдкͱȴǿһ㡣
֮󣬵ؽǲһ˿ΪصӡϢʩչֶŲ˹ȥ
ڡ
ؽ˿ͬɷһ˹Ȼ¿ȥȴûпһӰȻ˵ڵľ޴ͥɫǱòҰס
գɾԲûд򿪹֣Ǵ򿪺ֹرյӡ
ѵСô̵ʱҵ˵ڣһˣؽ˿ЩľʵǲԸƲ⣬ʵǰɲšʹѾպϵĵͥԿ˽ˣͥӦǴ󿪣һһϲŶԡ
ڵؽЩˣӵĲ֮ʹɱķҵֱɱȴû뵽㾹Ȼ˽룬ȷеĿ϶
ҽĲ㣬һҲµʱ䣬ô̵ʱ䣬ôҵµڣһܽУֱ̫ˣؽһֱ뷨ҵûнһѰңҵˣֻҵĽȴľ
ֵĽǣȷ˽Ѿûˡ
Ҳ˵ȷ㣬ڣѾˡؽֻоϷһɺ⣬ԭӵĲڵľͷͬͷһˮ˲Ϩȥ


һپʮ ؽ
ڲ㣬ؽϾޱȣѾͥ˽֮ٳŹرյģһʵʵĹ־֤
ȻѾӵˣ˵ʲô
˵ҲûвϢ£ֻܻڲôʲôط
һ𰸺֮ǵؽо˼־Ŀ԰ȥ
Բܣܣؽ˿˵նһʲôطŪˡ
˼ǰ󣬵ؽڿʼ⡣
ȻĵһǧһԸţǲò˵ֿԼ󡣵ؽ뵽ǣӵǻȡ˵ĺôһ뵽Ĳ㼶
룬ǵؽָҲǾľ֮ǰӵĲõ޴ôţ˿ҲǱʵķ顣
Ȼһֱôҵ㼶ڣڿЩѾˣΪؽڵʱƺ֮£ԼΪٶȽͥ
ôһʲôֶΡ
Ҳ˵˵Ѿ˵㣬ǵ߲㣬ȵԷԼôǶ֣
ؽƿ֮ǧ꣬ıؽǳǿߣûо¹˭ڣˡ
֮أ洫УԲܶĶЩһõʱգǻɱԼԼıҲһ١
뵽ؽ֪ҪһЩʩˡ
һº֮ؿռ⣬һ޴ޱȵĺӰȻ֣޴ĺӰѾﵽһĴСΧǶͻȻֵȻＷѹ˷۳
ؽ壬ڳˡ
󣬵㡣
һı䣬óһöɢųȻĵ
УһЩԦ޷鼮һһʱѾȫԦ޷ΪͳޣƽһЩҲǿԦ޷ͳޣѹˣ£պҿõģ˿ӵ㱦ҵһö浰ɢɭɭĵĪǾĳޣ
˵õ⵰оһҲоȻǶѾԦ޷˵ȴǷǳ򵥡
Ԧ޷Уη޵ֶΣÿѧ
һץֱһ׭
׭Բͬķ׭ͨ巺Ž⣬ͷҲķ׭ҪйŹֵӿԼ֮䣬׭洫޺ġ
һ̣߶ö׭ֱǸ浰ϣ׭ͬһӰӣ͸ȵĵûУƬ֮ö浰΢΢һһ£һơ
䣡
һޱȵƵð⵰װŵǸѹһ˼ѾˣͬСɣѾĻ޼Ȼ˺󼸲Ƚϱա
꣬꣡
ܿ죬ǵϵԽԽ࣬浰ѾǱ鲼ƣͬʲô׼ƿǶһ
Ȼѷ쵱Ļͣ⵰Χʮ׵ķΧڣѾһƬˣո˼ûӣ˲УȻ϶Ӱ졣
Ƭ֮ѾƵĵǣǳܲסžһֱһΪðһŹֵ
һֻ
ģΪŹּ֣δδţǿȥ־ôƲһ֮Ϣϸ̬˫βޱȣϵëһööǻ澧ʯ̶ɵһޱȡ
ʲôа죬ʵȻѯʣʵĶȻ콢Ͷʦ
λʶ㣬ҲֻǣпŪʲô
Ȼ䣬ʦСﰡȸ֮һϵҶֻ˵ȸǴӻ֮еǧһǳ壬Һ콢¶Ƕ֣
һпȻһŵĳɷ棬óʦȸΪӡ
Ǻƽ֮ǰôͷĴУȸͣҲֻ΢ѡ
˵꣬ǰԦ޷һֻȸͼƿǶȸͬԡڻ𺣵УϬȴ¶һ˿ֺ֮ɫͼ˫һ˲ͷɵϣϵĻ棬ͷʾ׽˳ӡ
һָǰ棬ʾȸͼȸȻһȳһȻ֣ϯǰ׷Χ˲ʱ仯Ϊ𺣡޼᲻ݵĲ𺣵ĹҲǳ
ȻһĻдϲ򵥵һͿҪˣҺԣⲢȸȫʵ
Ǻ͵˶սȸĹ϶
ȸлҵһЩ޵ķ׭Щ˵ʱҲʹãޣÿһóҪʬȸǱȷʬҪ͡
ؽȸޣǷʬҲֻܳԱˣ˿а
֮ǰƴ˼ͼҵ˵㡢͵߲ڣֱ֮ӽ㣬ٶϯһգ֮֮󣬷ǵؽûгƬ̣ȣ㣬̺ʵʱ䣬ؽӦҲӵĲˡ
ԼҲ˵㣬͵дкͱµʵѾ֮ǰ̫̫࣬ڳȥԸͬ㴫УȻԼĵؽа˳ɵİտԽѹȥ
ʱǵؽ᲻ҲҵҽĲ㼶ڣһģؽô֮صǧʱӦýʮ߲ȫҵҴ򿪽룬ȻԷôʱֻҵ㣬㣬ʱ䣬ԷҲԲ֡
һΪ϶ȥһɱؽ
뵽սⰻȻȸƺҲܵ˵ɱͬһɱ֮ϵëҲʼɢֲ׹⡣
ڴһ̤üͷһ塣
㡢ȫУʵǣѾʮʵӦѾﵽһΪֲĳ̶ȣһ̲˵ؽϢֻһɸΪǿϢ
Ϣǿ󵽼ڵƥеĵزһϢ͵ؽͬһԴ
֪˭ˡ
һЦˡ
콢˵ˣؽˣ¶ЦݣӾȻ˿е֡
˵ؽǼһ̫أ¾ı󶯣϶ҵĲڣ֪ټ󣬱սپԲŻ彵٣Ϊ˽ɱǵؽȴ֪ǵһƣǵؽ壬֮ҲᱻǿĿռֻ֮ܽܳأǺ͵ؽս֮أ


һپʮ 
콢ĻҲǵ˵ͷ
ȷʱ㹦Բ뿪ʱ򣬷ֵؽȻûдӵĲʱ콢͸ôһ⡣ʵϣҲͼƻõģ콢Ҳ˳ˮۡ
Ϊ棬ϤؽľҪ콢ˡ
ڵؽ·ʽ콢˭֪ʵ˸߼Ĳ󣬾ƨס϶뾡취ơ
Ȼؽʱ϶ǶƲסˣԷʵͣҲ˵һ㡢ڶ͵Ĳ㣬㣬͵֮ʵԿԳؽ˵ڵؽ˵ٲȡʩ֮ؾͽΪʵ
콢ƶϣʱؽҲֻһ·ߣǾǳؽı壬֮أԱ֮ɱ
ֹֻסơ
ȻԷô˵Բһ£ʵȫ泬Խ˵ؽؽı壬ҲǶ֣սоųɿҪġ
ҲΪʲôؽðΣսԭ
ڵؽðΣգʣ֮ĿռˡռǷ浱ԲµģǷ˭Ƴǻ÷ĴСؽʣ϶Ҳͱһֻܽܳ
֮أһ޴ġ͡ؽǸҪ׽Ĵ
£ؽѾͣһͿԽнļƻˡ
ȥǵؽɣ˿һѾô㣬ﻹе߲λãȻǽ˵߲㣬˵߲дУԼҲǵؽĶ֡
ļƻʱ䣬Ѱҵ߲ϵڡ
˿ͻȻһΪһԼһ룬ȴǻɶʦģˣʱֳķ
ǵؽԷֳһҲ
ĴԼȥӵؽѰڣɶʦʶٿأȫͼӦÿ˳ҵڡ
·ʼжֻ˵Լٿӡ˲͵˲֮⣬źԶͿԶУһӴĺӰ
ǺɢϢֱǿ˼㣬˾޴ͣ˼ҲԺ
෴ӵ˾޴ͣǺͨһ¶޴󣬳мܡ
Ǹǵؽ𣿡Ҳһ
͹ܶе潢ЩģʣͶǼΪ޴ģ潢˵Ϊ޴ĸ壬Ǿһе̩̹ˣҲһС㣬ֵһᡣ
ڣؽ𺳣ԳԽеǿߣͬһһͣˡ
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͵ؽҲһ֥һϵĲһ
ʮҲɱؽ̫ˣʧ˵һ䣬ֵ˲䣬ĵؽҲһ̣ʮִھѾ˹ÿһȫһҪǿҲ֮أ޴ޱߣṹΪ̣һСһֽԽ
ܷţЩĺëܵ˼ȵΣգΣֱ޿ɱܣԺԥĴ߶ӵ㵱лõĳǿ׭š
Ƿ׭ΪĴڣͬһ㡣
һ׭ʧǰȻһ޴ޱȵͥ
ͥǸ߶ȣʹﵽǧףͬһΡɽں档ͥǾ޴ͬ޴ľһŹŹֵ֣ȴŽգʮִ˿˿סһ˭޷Ŷĸо
š
£Ҳֻܽϣϣû뵽Լһ֣ͱؽ֣ԷȻҲǶ˵ֱӽҽ֡
һ̣ЩѾͬײһϣһԴľ촫֮ƺˡ
ѹΧʮƲ㶼ܴȥΧĴɽʯӺ˿̶ͬʱܱһ޴ӣһж顣
Ψţ
ؽĽֹͣûбƣȻҲǰȻȻˣҲǱһ˵һǴӵõֳǸղһ˭˭һ
һ̣Ǽȵķŭؽ˵ĽȻˣҲǴݺݵĻؾһ¡
뵽Ȼ߶Ԧ޷ӵõȸٻ˳ޣûжʵΪٻҲûãȸҲֻΪԲٻ
ԸؽȸԣǶԸؽ壬ǾͲһЩ
һγΪʱ䣬ͬʱߵؽԼĴڣ˵߶Ȼ󶪵ȸ֮ͬ˽ȥ˿ȸͣһУѹӵһ
һֱͶŰݣҲĿǰһٶ࣬ҪһЩˡ
ɱؽͷʬǣǾȸļӳͷţǿԷ
ؽһҴҲؾһ£ǵ㣡˿һȸһͷ
䡣
һԻϹ۵ĻâȸһͬʵʵĻӿĻ𺣼һǵؽ塣
һ֮ȫȼ˻棬ͬһƬ
ǵؽ嵱ʩչֶΣҲǴһϲΣաֻؽ̫޴ҪܸҲֶΣͼһӰٳϣ嵲סһưĻ
أ
һ죬һ
ƣѾ̫죬ǧﷶΧڣľԷ٣ӱɣڿѾҽ
УԼγɵĻģǵؽٿصķʬ
ȻǵֲһǷʬҲʹ˱һ㶣ʬȻҲǵõǿԲܵԼĿǰǿĹ
γɵԲ˿̲ûɢͬһϣ赲ؽһ
ؽѾһ壬˵ؽ壬֪֮ǰԼĵؽѾˣڣԼĵ˾ֻһǾǵؽ
ӵؽϣ˿ūХ˹һҲֻȡٵӵõ޷ȫһ޷ūޣϾǷƵķ׭ٵ޷ǰūһȫͷųƿ֪


һپʮ 
֮ĳ󱦺ŵ˶һƬֵУЩľĿԶǾ޴ޱȵĵؽ
˿̵ؽǱƺ죬̶ֳȵսѾԽ˴󱦺ܴǸҿ첻µزµĴ󱦣Ҳң㶣Բɵ
Դӵؽ֮أ˾Ͷ㵽˵³ǵУ¶ͷҲΪؽһɱ˲ˣ͵ؽײбԸһĵ³ǣҲԲ֮Կ
ΪͲһȼĴڡ
´󱦺ڵһֿڵϢֲƾȻϣǲŸҵ
˵˭ں͵ؽսʱʵȻʮ۷֣Ƕϵؽִڣ¶ûС
û˵ΪϸӦӸղſʼ͸оϢǳϤЩͬҲȷƬ֮ڿȷһϢԴˡ
۾һɣǾϲ˵
ΧвˣͼҲڣ󱦵Ļ˶ǴһȻ֪֮ǰǿͳһ֮أֿܡ
ʵ˺ܶడȻԺ͵ؽ࿹ˣ˵ȻǵؽᲢ۵ģȻ˵⻰һ˼ΪʹǵĹϵܺãʱҪߴ󱦣ǧҪܳȥæһþпŭؽʱһ³Ǳ֣Ǿû֮ˡ
˭ϴѹûǰæ˼Ǳ߱ɽֵܺͿͼеԾԾԣǵĻ˵һһһҲȥԿؽ
嶯󱦴˿ҧԿ֪ں͵ؽսʱҲȥæסˡ
ǳ嶯Ҳ֪أֻȥæҲν˺ȣǾ;Բˡµؽ֮ǿֱܵУǰҲﲻæܻս
Ȼˣ󱦾;ԲȥһʧܣôѾ⣬ǱʵȻҵؽ
ЩҲǿոպ˵ģһǿ˵ĺе
еͿͼҲ˵һ飬ҲףǲϣȥﲻæܳΪ׸
˿ūƤ˴޴Ѿײһ𣬽вҵɱŻûбƿԺؽĹҲһһֵ
ʱһһĹȥЩūƤƺ޾һɱһһͬţϵ飬ؽһ§Ϳʮϰ򡣶޴ȻҲ٣ȴûвɱȻԽԽ١ҲΪۣԼӵõ޷̶̵ʱͿҪһգҲûӣ뵲סؽΪԼӵҲûãԷɿҵԼԼ˲Ĳ¥
߲ʱ룬ֻе߲ȻԶԶҪڣֻܽӡԾٶʵ
ڶʦǱҲûʧҪһյʱ򣬶ʦǱߴϢѾҵµڡ
ߣźʣµޣȻ߶ӡŲƵ˵߲㡣
ʦʱѾҵڣҲǵڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬ٶ൱ˣͬʱʦҲڵھŲ˱ǣҴ㿪ڰ˲㡣
һս
һôһξͿԽ㣬ȡдУȻڱ壬ͿĴУڶʱڳɱʵ
ϧڵʵҪֳԽܷ洫еķҲֳֻܷһԷֳʮȻֱ󣬵ʱ֮գǵؽ֮ʱ
ؽʶȻһֱŲƣγʮǿޱȵķŲƣ׷˵߲ڡ
Ȼǲ߲㡣
ؽֳʮÿһʵǰķһ˿ҪΧɱȻɵĺЩս˵ؽƣԥԶʦ̵ֶΣһ½˵߲㣬ͥգؽʵǿ˿Ҳûκΰ취
ʦƵ˿Ҳǽ˵ڰ˲㡣
ļޣӵ߲÷洫кʵٶٷֳһ£ֻһν㼶ѾǱǰؽҪˡ
⣬ʮؽ˿̶䣬ǷĹ߲ͥȻǷĵ̣ؽʵǿҲԺĵط
߲㣬ʵȻһҾԲٷӽ쿪ʼ԰ٷ߲ΧֻҪһ;뿪ؽ˵꣬ʮؽŲƵȻѾǴﵽ˰ˡ
һٸؽʵ֮ǿ˵ܵУҲǵؽֳܷķͬʱؽʩչֶΣ߲ڵΧռȫֶٸߣӡ֣ʱҲǲѷɡ
ǽ˵߲㣬߲㣬һ¥㣬ֻҪ֮գؽ˵ҲһʼõսӡƵ̫ݣԷܿܽӡܣ뵽ĳ¥㵱УȻٽڷôǽһ뵽ƿҲȦӣʱ򻹲Լ
ֻؽȻ֪ȻҲѧֳһ˿ڵڰ˲ڷʵ
û˿̵ڷʵ
ڵ߲㵱Уӵбȵ㻹ҪĴкͱٶЩУ֮˵߲ı䡣
棬ҵһöָ
ָɽ䣬ȻǵĽָԳһ磬ɰٴȻֻһöָҲΣΪͬһ㣬ڵõһöָʱȴǼޱȣľҲһ
ԭ򣬲ΪָǽָĶ
Ȼһ䣬ȻǿװģſһۣȻǺ٣ӿ죬ΪָȻʮŷ׭
Щ׭ɶǷƵģ˿ôһָҵһǿľ⣬ȻǼޱȡ
ȵ߲ĴжõʵȻҲٴȻ̶ֳɺ͵ؽвࡣ
ֻûд뿪߲㣬Ϊýֺͷ뵽ؽڵ߲ĳ϶ǲ˲رԷտռ䣬ԼֻҪԼȥȻΧС
˿ڵϣʼķķ˾ϵ
ڵڰ˲㣬ķͬǽķ洫Ӷһգ־ϵΪ˴ִк֪ʶ


ڶ ˳Ӧ
׭֮ǧ򻯣Ѱ
֮ԴΪʤǿԸ֮죬ǻ֮ԭ
֮ں˳Ӧƿع֮ͣӣΪ˳Ӧ֮
ڵ߲㣬ϵĴӷõڷĸ⼸ΪȻֻͨļ仰ȴǱȵһдá
˿̣ķΪѾﵽһΪֲĸ߶ȣ߲㣬Ҳȥһꡣ
һʱ䣬û뿪߲㣬Ϊ֪ؽ϶ڵ߲ͥﲼ޵ֻҪԼһ֣̾ͻܵһԿ϶ΪؽҲԼΧ߲㣬ôؽҲΣա
Ϊ˵ؽԼҲԻȫ͵ؽʵԱȣȻȥһ
ڣͷһȥʦʶпƣԼ߲һʱѾǲϽ¥㣬ȡĺô
ЩϢģʦķϼӳҪ֪ǶʦʩչֶΣؽҲԿʦķһʱ䣬ķѾ˵ڰ˲㣬ھŲ㣬µʮҲѾȡ˴룬и¾ͿѰҵʮһˡ
һλĺôµʵڷϸһ˼ľ硣
˵˿̾Ƕʦ˵Էܳ
ҲײĽı屻ڵ߲㣬ʲôطȥÿֻĥĥʱ䡣õ˼ģǶԷ׭Ԫͨ
ŷַ׭ʵԪƬо˵֮Ƕʤǿ˳ӦĲϸ˵Ƭ˳Ӧ
֪ÿһſƬض;ҿƬĹҲǲݸĺɵģʹǿҲѭƬù򣬶׭ڹҪȿƬһЩǿƬʦǷ׭ʦ˿ͻȻ뵽ԼΪʲôԽߵȱһ𣬻ԴǿĶ
ͷһһʰ
ʱ䣬֪ͨͨʶ֮⣬оƬͷ׭Ĺ֮ͬ
һ¹ȥ߻ûͻԵķ֣Ǳ߶ʦķȻһ·߸ͽ˵ʮ㡣
ڣǸʵѾǴﵽ˼Ϊֲĳ̶ȣͨϵ֪Լķһδӵʮ֮ǾͺѹϢˣжʦ׭ҲûãǿϢٻǻ͸һ˵Ҳˣ϶Ƿֲˣǵؽͬ
ؽǴ֣һ˿һϢй¶ؽ֪ʱķҪ¶ˡ
ֻҲ壬¶Լʹӵ߲ͻΧȥͷ϶ΪһʱԼʵδزܺ͵ؽһս
һţΪĴзͬСɣֺܷͽʮѾ൱ˣڵʮ㣬ʦڽʮʱ͸ĵʮǶʱ޷ˣΪǷʶпҲ޷֧Ϯ˵ʮ֮ĲѾˡ
ǴڣҪڽƮĿռҵʮϵڣҲǺʱ飬˵Ҫ꣬ʮпܷµڡ
ʮ㣬Ŀǰ˵ѾǼˡ
ҶʦȷĸҪԸؽʮĴӦѾ㹻ˣһ˾ŲĴУ⼸ѾǷ֮һˡ
ֻ֮һǷĴУҪԸؽʦΪǴࡣ
Ȼ˿ķǸոս뵽ʮ㣬ҪȡĴлҪһʱ䣬ʹоԼں֮ܲͻơ
һ¹ȥ
ͻȻ۾˫۵ͬǳһҫĹâȻ֡
׭Ƭý飬صڶԹʹ죬ȻˣҺβּҪΪý飬˳ӦһԼ񲻾ǹ򣡡
򵽵ĶȻ֮ǰ뵽ģֻҪΪý˳Ӧ̸ףͬ浱Ҳ뵽ˣ沢ûô֪жѶˡ
ֻǲаֻΪ
Ȼһ£϶ģʧܣҲҪԲ֪뵽ԾͨϵһԼķ֪ʮĴзͬСɣʦͷҪЩȫȡҪʱ䡣
ˣǹرվͨʼгԣ֪ԼôǶǴ֪ɹ֮Ч֪ʧܵĺֻ뷨Ҫ֪ͱ봩δ֪
е˲ôǵؽһжӶͼ̳УӲ̽ΪؽὫԼΣ֮أϾʵ˴ҲͲ֪ûΣաͬһ·ʱֱ̼ǲֻѭ浸زȥðգҲߵڡ
֪Σգǻȥԡ
ֻһεؽʵҲðգҲ֪Էðս֮أǰĵؽ;ԲôؽҲһֱֻɳ
һΣպס˵ؽߴ磬ɲõؽؽôԼ֮Ʊ󣬵ʱ϶ȥԵؽ֪ΣջˣΪĻʮа˾Ҫ
˿̣ԸðճµֶΣΪý鳢ƷƿγǱؽƵ˼ſڣѶΪ֮Ȼʦ˵ѾȡܼƾŲķ洫У͵ؽһɲǼ򵥵ҪһҪõѹԵֱɱؽֻܽе鷳
ʱһһĹȥڲʮ㣬ʦƵѾǽʮĺô޵ĸɸɾҲˣһģķȻǷƷʦһ֪ⶫǵʵùķ˫ֺ񣬿ɹأʤ
߷Ѿﵽ˼Ϊֲĳ̶ȣǳȥ͵ؽ弤ҲǿԶһһγȥҵ޷ٶЧˣʱؽ϶֣ᷢһսʱӦõˣʦ˿̰˵ʮĲеĴУѾԺ⼸бȽˣ֪ؽʵʦ˿ҲžԵġ
ھɣһһؽһֲʦ뵽ֵͨǱûκλӦ
ˣѵԼ˾ͨʦһ㶣뵽Ҳֻֿܣ־ϵҲֻرգŻ
ʱ򣬲ͻȻǴһ𶯣һ̵ʮȻǺ¡һ£Ĵѣһɴȥֱӽķ˳ȥ
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ȻǲһֶʲôǷļ壬ղһ𶯣ǷʩչֶΣԼǶʦҲǺ޻֮


ڶһ ڽ
ĹŹ𶯲ֻڵʮ㣬֮أ˿̶ܵӰ졣
ֻ𶯳Ƭ̾ɢ٣ȻǻĲ
Ѿ֮س׿ƵĵؽȻҲǸܵһ𶯣һ̣ȻҲһһĿ죬ȥҲ죬ºҲûʲô鷢
ֻܿ죬ؽͲһϢɫһ䣬һϢΪǿѾǺ޼
ʲôˣô˴ƣؽѣ֪ĻۣŴﵽʵ⣬˿ûԼĶ֣ҲԲеڶܴﵽԼʵ
ڣһϢѾﵽ˺Լ޼ĵزҾͻȻðһ
ͻȻðģ
Ȼ䣬һԴӵؽԺðǽųһ亹ڲͻȻð¿϶Ǵĳ¥Żֻᷢ档
ѵһϢԴ
뵽ؽȻҪѾ߲ŰΧǷ˿ռ䣬Էֻ߲ܽĺôõյؽ˽⣬ֻǻ㡢㡢ɺ߲ĴУӦûԼʵвࡣ
Ǵ˿̶ԷϢѾԼ޼ˡ
ôܣ
ؽͽʶͶ뵽߲Ѿϰٷ壬κη紵ݶ
ֻõؽǣ߲ڽգûдҵؽ˿Ҳ֪һϢλãҲǵ߲㣬һδ֪
߶һ߷ؽǰһϢλŲ˹ȥƬ֮͵˵ط
ȻҲһ¥ڣΪ߼¥㣬ǰͥǰվһˣֻһ۵ؽϳԷ
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ؽεȵƣȻһ۾ͿļƻǱߵֶʦƣ˿Ҳ֪ȥˡ
˵ʵʦҲû뵽ղΪʲôͻȻ𶯣ǽԼӵʮ˳
֮ǰļƻһЩ룬ҪһȻںһԸؽǱϵֱ˳ȻֻǵԵؽˡ
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ǰһ첻µزµµõ˶ķ洫Уʵ͵ؽһĵزǾ͸ˡ
Ҫ򣬵ھʹ
뵽ʦҲǷǳɴ࣬˵ֱӴ߶ĳָǿĹֱӹǸؽ
ʦֶκεȸټһķʵѾﵽ͵ؽ޼ĳ̶ȣһ¹ǵؽʵ˿̾ȻҲǷӦֱӱɱ
䣡
޴ĺ֮£ؽ顣
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ؽ֪ҪһסԷ벻̶һʱһʹﵽ˿ֲľ硣
Ƿƺûкıںϣһлᣡؽһۣһ۾ͿԷ㣬˿Ǽæеȥɱһ߷ֻҪɱ嵽ʱǳҲǲΪ塣
գ֮䣬ʦɵһؽиĵؽ֣Χ˫ǳУһԣֱӾͽ˲ҵɱ
ʦɱʹ죬˿ֱŲƳȥȻŵؽ幥˹ȥǶʦĸ֪֮ЩɱˣҲֻõؽһˣҪؽֻǹı塣
һ֮أһ˿ֲĴսС
ʵڶʦĿ֮£ֱǷټϴӲôͱ˿ͬɱһ㣬Щͨĵؽ޷ֵɱĽڽڰˡ
ǿĹ׭ʩչȥǽؽҲȻԽͬĸʱؽ֮ǰսͲˡ
ؽ˿ˣ߳꣬ûгԹֿǵǿޱȣƿʱɵ콢ҲǱܣ˵ܵС˿̾ȻǱһú޻֮Ǳŭ
˲䣬ؽķȻںϣһ߳ʮ׵ķ
Ѿǻ㼯˵ؽ˳ϵĵڶ壬˿ʩչǴ㽫ķɱֻѹס
ɱ
ʦɱ˿̴߶׭ֱͲҪǮһһǿ÷׭ͬһȥΧҪôǵҪôǻ죬ؽ⹥£ҲǱƻ˲ͬһ޴ıϣҲǲ˴СһĿӶ
ҪǵؽӦ죬ǿķ赲ʦıǵñ顣
µؽǿͶʦһƾУսؽ˿ҲǱ任ս޴ʼŤΣȻǷҺ޼ĺɫսʼΧʦƵķ
һ˲䣬ַת
ƣؽҪΧ;ԵѹƣϰҾ޴սԽպ͵涼ռЩսһ乥ƣǴ˿̶ʦҲмܡ
ΪҵıǸӣֻҵһ̬ս̬ڽʵǿôܺ˶ĺڽսһ䣬Ժؽǰڽϴһͬʱ춯ء
һֹϮʦʩչһֶַΣ£Ȼֲַ˶ãȻ˿ƵʵѾ͵ؽ޼ǵؽǿƣڽǵؽ͵ֶΡ
˲ʱ䣬ʦͱѹԭĹҲǱƣֻƣڷأΪԷĻ̫ͣڽϵ̫ԣʦʩչֶθɵԷʮҺڽĶڵؽ˵ҲǺԲơ
ˣʦ˿Ѿû֮ǰĿ⣬֪ԼһдˣΪƾ͵ؽ޼ʵԼķ㲻ȫɵؽҪԷ˻ӵӦÿԡ
û뵽ؽȻǿ뱾壬תΪڽһˮɢΪˮһԼʵǿһܴʮϰٸһʧڵؽ˵ֱԺԲơ
ǿķһȴ޿κΡ£ʦָоֿһǿޱȵķӦÿԺ͵ؽһɵؽһ̫̫ԷԴ㣬ʦȥĹȴǻ޻ϣ첻ʲôЧʱ䳤ˣʦ֪Լɡ
ô죿ôȥ鷳ˣʦջѣҲûӣؽĵڶ䣬ֱӺ˶ʦµķۿΣͻȻ֮䣬Ȼִ𶯣һΣ𶯳ϣ֮ضǷɫ䡣


ڶ սĵؽ
ﴫ𶯣ͬһɹ첻ϴӲ֪ɱսĶʦ͵ؽǲԼͬͣΪֲ̫ˣ𶯼ֱ󳬼ֶЩļ¡
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ʦǱüͷȻ˼ʲôֹŹֵİ֮ǰǱ𶯸ǿƳ˵ʮ㣬֣Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ϵϣöʦûûģǰǴûгֹ飬ԶʦĪǱ߳ʲô飿
һ𶯳˸ʱ䣬ȵ֮ͣһٴιƽֻ˭֪һʲôڷ
ʦץסһյ߶׭ΧĺڽͼһϰҺڽȻ飬ѾǶʦʩչǿˣϰҺڽڵؽ˵Ǿţһë
ܿؽͷǰʧȥӰ
ùڻܣߣӵõ𣿡ؽһΧѾǲ˲谭˭ܴӳȥԵؽ֪̽գ֮ͷټ
ֻһõؽһԷȻҪȥ߲㡣
ҪȥȱؽһǴ߶ڽһڣЩڿԶԿռо𵴣ӰռŲƣһ˲䣬ʦƵͱ˳ģѾЩǱˡ
ʦʱ֪ԼСؽû뵽ԷӦô죬ԼûüŲƹȥͱԷں˳Ҫ嵽߲Щˡ
ѾǷǳϾ֤սǴʵѾ͵ؽ޼ǵؽǰڽ̫ǻ򣬾ǻеһ֣ڵؽĴҲǼΪ΢Сģ෴ڽȴǿԶΧһڽսֵһᣬǵֺڽﵽһ̶ȣǾϺ֮ƣ˭ֵס
ҲǶʦֶθ߳ˣ϶ֲôá
Ȼвʣʦ˿Դ˼ӦС
һ̣ؽƾԣڽѾһƬ򳹵ռݣ˵ţӲƴսȻֻ䡣
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߲ڴЩؽֵ˲Ҫɱһɱеͽƣͳͳ顣


ڶ ǿս
˵ʵԼû뵽ԼսƾȻոʹõģսƵġơں˷ͿƬĹ˫ֵһЩȻսƿ˵ǧ򻯣Ǽ˵ȴֻһơһơͬ˫һãغһ
˵⹥ƣʵϾǼսƳֹսƣʵѡĹͷ׭ͿƬС
Ȼ൱ֲ
ոһ¹ƣͽ߲ĴһеЩռ壬Ҳͬµļǣһ顣
ǳһ֪ԼɹˡΪʹԴĹսƣ˵ŹŹ˹ͬһϻԽ󣬻رԽ
ս֣ԼѾ͵ؽһߵˡ
ǰʦɻı飬Ҳֱͣһ֣ͽԼһ߷ٻأͱںһ
ԼľֱԼ䷽ʽչָʦҲʡˣʦ֪̣ܿһʱҲ˵飬ֻеķԴһֱּǴʦĴڡ
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Ȳ˵ʦҸп˵ߣʼȫ̽շõʵٴһǰδеĸ߶ȣּǰȥ
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СģǵؽǳԲܴ⣡ʦ֪˼˿һ䡣
ģ˵꣬ѾǴ߶ӡŲ˳˲⡣
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һ֣Ǹоǰڽгڿڶ׼ԼģԽ𵴵ɱ
ڳˣ벻һϣȻԳɳ̶ֳȣһ㣬Ҳȥˣڽͬʱ˱ͬףġ
⾪κһĿƺΪͬһµȽޱȣӿΡȻ
˭һأ赭дһ仰ټһĲм˿չֳԵš
˵һ΢һֻΣŴ˶ãʮꣿʮꣿұʱҪǧ򱶣ʲôҶȻǰԲѣؽǱǲм̼ˣŭһ
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һ֮ǰԸʦĻҪǿ˵ǵؽŭһԪ磬˵һ׵ĽԪ绯Ϊҽǵؽﵽ˽޵еĴڡ
㲻һԴսƣֽȡ˵㡢㵽ʮһŲķ洫УʵҲͬһҪϳѹƵؽҪһĵؽ־塣
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ڽڻ˿ҲǺ䵽ϣӿǳϣ˲ʱ𶯣ڵͬһбɴ˶ŨԽԽ
ֲֿһֶӲͣٿѾͬأγһӴޱȵƣȵ̳ɢȥŷһƬرѾܵ˻ԵƻҲ֮أĵطֱӾĽ֡
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ͼ˫۵սȻӿһ⣬һⲨ˲ӳȥ


ڶ 
һ𵴲֮Һڽܵһ˲䣬ҺڽȻͣһжͬԼһһ룬ܵսƹ𵴵Һڽͬʱѣͬεѹһ㣬ȫ顣
Һڽ飬ǳ濰𺳣ѾڵĶʦ˿̿һĻҲǾĿɿڴ֮ǰķԳǿֶκ͵ؽҲ̶ֳȣһ򽢣ʵЩ̫ˡ
ðսƹƹȻǰڽȥҲԲɱҪ֪ʧһҺڽǵؽʵˮһ֣֮ǰؽеĺڽѾʵƽҪбˣ콢ǴͷβĿսƵḶ́жҲͶأǵʢʱڵ콢Ҳ˵Լִ켼
ڵؽֻǵӺһ㣬ҪȣҲֻ仹⡣
һɱҺڽؽ˿ֻʣ˾Ͳ˼飬ͬʱеĿ־Խǿҡ
ܣҵؽݺ꣬ûбѹŴؽ˵꣬ȴҿοԼڽԷһԼҺڽҲֻԼİٷ֮һԴʵϿԼռơ
ҵؽҲոĹƼֱԼˣĵ̣ǴӲȡ˺ôҲٴη̶ֳȵĹŶԡ
ԷӦѾǿ֮ĩˡ
뵽ؽˣæʣĺڽ
ֻһȴͬһֱӳ˵ؽϡͼǸղŵƣһκһ𵴹Ⲩһֱɱ˳Һڽ
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ԼҲһ㣬ԭԼԼôһģ˿ҲǱĳǿ˻ȥ
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ҲţܴͬĹؽ˿ҲîˣҲ֪µֻӲƴԭܼ򵥣ֻ֮ܽܳѡԱ彵Ҳ˼϶ԼžԵƣԲŻΪֻҪɱȻȡ˷дУʱҪ֮ر練ơ
ڣ֪Լðʧˡ
˵ȡ洫УһЩκβˣԷ̶̼ʱѾɱԼҺڽȻ˵ʲôչȥؽĻ﷭
뵽֮ǰ˵Ļؽ֪ԼдˣԷڼСʱ򣬾ɵⶼѪܵĽѵԼΪʲôû֪óľСʤǿΪʲôԼԼͰ͵֮ӡ
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ˣûбҪͶԷԹԹҿԷķȵԷõʱͻȻȻԽɱؽðһ⣬ǿƺڽ㼯һȻһ˽ķ֣ʮҺڽۼһγһ壬еķƴγһ޴ĻǿŶһƱˡ
÷ݴͣҵؽҲɵҵսƿɲֻһֹʽһ۾Ϳؽͼ
ղԼĹʽ𵴲ǷΧ㣬ǹҪִɢĿЧ־ۼһҼǿĿ꣬ȻҪۿۣʱ˴ҲԹƶԷķ
ؽǿһ㣬ԲŻתΪأҪŻ
ֶβ࣬õؽһûӣսƵĴߣս֮ƾж֣˵ǿǧҲΪǲͿƬʲôʲô޶õģܸı䣬Ϊý飬ôô򣬶ǰߣκԼ
ԵؽĴ㣬Ҫˡ
Ȼ㽫ڽۼһҴҲͲˣսƷһҫ۹âͬһǵؽķȥͬʱһȭ㼯һâͬĹβ
ʽı䣬ؽһҪӦѾˡ
һֲ̣һȭݺݵεķϣͬһѷĳìֱӾͽ⿴Ƽ᲻ɴݵķ˺һӣ޴Ϳֲĳ£һȭĳֱӽ޴ĺڽȺ˲䱻ĺڽѾﵽʮ
ôؽߵˣʱǷӦ˹Ĺֶθǹ̶ģǿı䡣
ԼĽӷɢԷִΧ𵴲йԼԷȻִ͸ǿĹʽ˺Ʒһɵ˺֮ǰҪ޴
һ̵ؽӶˣûгԹ˴Ŀû˭Խʮĺڽɱǿɶǵؽķ壬һԼҲ
־壬һϮؽ˿ֻ֮ϵĴݻԼĺڽͧԼĹֶѹɲó
Уȥұɣؽµ˼㣬ûκ·ֻġ
Ȼڽ̬ˣôȥԷһһ㽫Լĺڽȫɱ
뵽ؽӿһɾȻ
ʵϻһ취ǾǽԼеϵԼܾ֮ǰֵһʬ嵱У˵תԼ̬ǸʬϹһżеõģȻѾ֪ãʬϵսȴǿĿ¡
ؽоģֻҪԼеʶתǾʬ嵱У϶ѹһͷ
ôҲһ鷳ǾǵؽԺͲԹ̬ˣΪԷʬ壬ʵ̶
ҲΪʲôؽһֱûôԭ򣬵ڵ֮ʣؽûӣֻܿʼְ취
ʱǱѾǿޱȵݿһŵؽķ壬ڣѾгʮҺڽ
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УôȥұɣҵؽԲһϣãҵģƣҪ֪ŭҵĺƣҲù
ؽ¶ģҪת̬Ǿ߹ʬȻĴ۷ǳ󣬵ܺùڱɱ
ؽںһҺڽǺڽǰڽ˿̴Ӻڽһտڣһ޴ĹľģǹľɢϢѹ˰ؽϢ


ڶ ԶŹʬ
һϢ֮Ҳ̲߶սƣǰǧҺڽݻ٣ȻһŲƣѾڽȺһǰ
һɨȥͿһ޴ĺɫľǺɫϣȻǵؽֶΡ
ӲȡĴУԼսƣѾʵ֤ԼԽؽѹƣɱ
ڽǵؽǿֶΣֶѾǲܵеùԼôȥһСʱԼͿԽڽȫ
ɵؽô
ҿ϶ؽ϶кУֲ򲻵ѲʹõĵƣϾؽѾ꣬˵ûʲôƣԼš
˿̿һ޴ĺڽϳֵĺɫľ֪ؽҪֶˡ
ҲӲ˵ؽǭ¿Ҫһ
ǴǺɫľɢϢԾˣȻ֪ɫľþʲôõؽã϶ǷͬСɡ
뵽ֱһȭպ˳ȥһ޴ȭӰٺȥеľ֮ȭ
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˿̵Ĺٶȼ죬һȭգ֮͵˺ɫľĽǰ
ߣԲؽﲢûзǲмһ˭ľǹʬһȭ˵ʬ壬ˣؽû´˶Դ
һ룬֮ȭѾǺǺɫľϡ
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ʬ壬ǰûмƵĶǴοǼΪŹ֣Ƥɿݣ˵ƤͷҲΪһ֫Ҫ˫۵ⲿλͻĹУǽһڵĺ⡣
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״æ󳷣һǹͷײ˸ţ˲ʱϢҪʴɣ֣ͨǴ߶˫۹£ǰʩչһʽսơ
䣡
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ң⻹ֻһʬ壬ַʶģʶķղӾʹˡ
ʬ壬ӦϹǿʬϾȥз磬ʶϹʬ壬ԱԼЩϹʬҪöࡣ
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ΪֻѹӶܶԷ
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ˣǵõʬҲûãΪ˭ֵܵʬϵϢǵؽõʬѾǧ꣬ʱͽʬˣҲҵ˰취ԵֵͨϢ
ոܴ죬ؽ֪ʱһᣬıʶ
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ڽ˿Ѿ˷ؽеľʶ˹ʬУںڣʬѾǱһϢ֣룬ǳȥսƹƽ
䣡
޴ĳͬһ̳ʬΧ֮Ȼ̱ʴʼ߽⡣
ҡҡͷԼսȻҲȱ㣬Ȼ֮ķֶûʲôð취ġ
ʱ޷ؽͷһתٻԼޡ
˿Ѿǧ״СҲʵ޵ʵҲˮǴߡ
ҰǰڽĲк̵Щ壬ҪײҪһ£޴޾ȥʼת
ؽ壬ҪʬԸңҾһи׳нĺ·׶Ͼԭ壬Ҿˣ壬ҲҵʵٽһҾͲţƾҵʵսƣʬںϵĹʬȴȫ޾ɫ
ԷʬΣ
ԼҲ£ԼսƣгģҪǣսҲ˵ʱиĽ
ȻսƶϹŹʬ֮޿κΣǾҪŤתһ㡣
뵽ǱĿһ俿̳Եؽµкһ߸Ľսƣʹ߹Ժͷԡ
ˣʬǰʱ콢˵
ʬʲôر֮ŵ֮ǰʦ콢֪ʬһĨڣڼȻ콢ò
ϹһͻңϹĻͺʬйأ磬һռзҵһżʬ壬ֻΪʬ̫ΣգûнǷ棬ѡ뿪Ϊû˻ҵǸռз죬ڿӦǵؽ͵͵ң뿪żȡʬ塣콢һ˵ʬ·
żʲôر֮𣿡ʵΪ˵żпԿʬĶ


ڶ ʬ
콢룬ҡҡͷ
˼ǵʲôر֮ʬƺҲûʲôѹƣʱһƬգƬʬ\ľײţɢϢ
Ϊµ飬콢ǽһμȫչָԴһμҵʬ㡣
ûпǿٱ䣬òŵ˵ͷ콢˵û䵱ûʲôر֮ǸֹʬļзռʵѾǱеĶѾ飬ǹʬ͹ײһ⣬ոѾĹľûκ⣬˵ʬƺûʲôá
ʬԴҲͻƿڣֻԼ취ˡ
˿ɵؽİڽкĴƬУؽҲڼٺʬںϡ
˫ڼʵֻĿǰ⣬ؽǹʬں֮ʵᳬ
ؽҲܸôת̬
һҲ֪Ǻ͵ؽΣվ;ʧ벻֪ͬؽʬں֮ǿԼʱ϶ǻᱻѹŴᱻɱȴԽĳȺ侲
Ϊڲ֮ǰԵؽʱǴھԵƣڴѰʤĻᣬͳڴڸλĵؽͬǿʱ䳤ˣһսȱһԡ
Ψȱԡ
ȻʵǵؽǱߵĽʬչֳƸǿںϵĳ̶ƾһ
֮ѾӰ˰ٹﷶΧһƬľлʯ飬ˮˣܵһǿ֮Ӱ죬Ŀݹǣõʬ壬¸ʬŰ
ЩʬʵȻǱǰҪ࣬⵱вǰĸԭֻ߼˼ʵȫƾһﵽ˰˼;żһЩﵽʮ
ЩֲʬǷǹʬΪ𣬴˿γһƬʬ󣬹ֽڶ
ǰԻͷۣǴ˿̣ʵͳԽʮ弶˵Ѿﵽ콢ʦ͵ؽ̶ֳȣҲԳ֮Ϊ֣ȻǲؾЩʬ
£ȴ¡
ɨһʬһʮ׭ʮ߳׵ʬ֣ɢΪǿϢ
˿ٻʬÿһʵﵽʮٻЩʬĿģΪ˶ԸؽΪ֪ЩʬǵؽĶ֡
Ϊ˶ԸЩʬ˵ȥǣ֪ΪԼ͵ؽս֮ضᱻ֮ǰԶܣŹʬϢӣ֮ضᱻʬռݡ
ʱ֮ؽͿ̿ȻԸǳʲô£ٻʬǰȥΧ
룬ƺЩʬȡͨ׭һ㣬ʱһڶ֣Ůʬһ̤ǰ
һٻŮʬҲȥ˺ܾãԴӽ֮أŮʬҲ޷ҪԵս£ŮʬȥԸЩʬٿԴʬ󱦺ͿͼǰȻ
ŮʬǰһǳȹһʬƺѾһʬ壬һˡǵãһʬףŮʬԼ˫֣˫֣Ѿ߱ԼսƵУ˵ŮʬǰԼһæ
͵ؽһսȻҪȫ׼ЩʬҪȥƣΪֱԼػ֮أֻкôûлǳ򵥣Ȼ֮ǷİϢ֮ԲϣԼİϢ֮ػʬŰ޳
ŮʬõûжĿɨһǱĹʬؽ
ʱŮʬһɫ
ðһͷǹʬȻҲϹ֮һ϶ǺŮʬһͬһʱڣȻˣŮʬ˵֪ʬ
ҲŮʬָһļǣ㿴ʬҲκηӦ
˿ѯʹȥŮʬ̴ݸһϢ
Ϣͨ䴫ݻˣ֮Ůʬʮʬǰȥ³ǣȴЭ󱦵ˡ
ǱŮʬݻļסˡ
ʲô
Լ¾ûŮʬһĶԼԴΪǹʬ̫Ůʬļ䵱УʬŵʱǼΪֲһ壬˸ǣֻܴ֮ȥ
ڼǹʬû㣬ŮʬһҲֻ˱᲻ǡ
ŮʬȴǸһ⡣
ֻ֣Ǿǡ桱
֣һʱûзӦ֪ܿŮʬ˼ˡͨйؼ֮ǴЦֹ
ؽؽĻʬԼǿֵʱҪʬ̣ʬȷǿޱȣսƵҶ޷֮ƥУҪһ㣬ʬٹ֣Ҳһʬ壬˳ӦѾʬ֮գʬ벻ɣѾĻջҪʧܣǰʦͿĿʬϣ
˿˵ȻҪЦΪͨŮʬѣѾ֪ѹʬ͵ؽֶˡ
Ȼ˵ͨĿʬԶԸ˿̵Ĺʬ͵ؽпĳɷ֣ǿʬԾǹؼ㣬һؼ㣬ŮʬҲ˵ˣǷ档
Ҳ˵ʬȻܿʬƣҲ˭ѹģֻзſԣǿԴﵽƾĴڡ
ҲĿǰΨһĻᣬŮʬṩļ䣬Կ϶ԼʬĶ֡
Ҫ÷߶ʬҲܣһơ
ǾǶʦ
ʦǷĲлϸ˵ʦͷͬͬԴöʦ߶ʬ뵽Ψһ취
԰ɣʦ˿Ҳ֪룬˵˵ǽĿȨ˶ʦ
³ǣ˿̴󱦺ͿͼԼ³Ѿۼ˴ʬԭ³Ǳ֮أǴ˿̴ӵ³ǵʬ޴ӡ
Щʬôģ󱦵Ȼ͵ؽսȻԶ֪˵ʵ֪͵ؽʱ򣬴󱦵ǼĪ첻µزµĴ󱦣Ҳ֪ؽķǴ漶ĸ֣βȶֻܳĴڡ
ȻǿԺ͵ؽͥ⣬һ㣬ޱȣ˵Ǻֵơ
λһҪס϶սʤؽʱЩʬͲΪˣͼ˿̺Ȼʮ㣬ʵʵ̫Щʬ󲿷ֵսҪǿ
ڵ³ǼƵʱͻȻԶʬȺɧͼʮǿʬһŮʬĴɱ˹


ڶ ؽĩ
ˣ
ؽһƵĺһоԵĿɱһеˣֱǹʬںϣؽ֪ʬжΪһԪѾվ˶ڣ˵˷֮⣬ؽκˡ
ڴһԪʱ򣬵ؽ֪Լ뷨ôɡ
Ĳ˵һ߹ʬѾ̲صҲ˵ؽȫʢʱڣͨʬؽһԪһЩֶΡ
˿оԵսʤһеˣƵһصףؽѾʲôֶζԸˡ
һ̣ʬ۾üĵ۸һâʵʣһ˲䣬Χɽʯһα飬ͬһεĳɨ
һۣͿ˶
˿ҲǵһʱܵԹʬͫͬһǲɷȭֱؿڡ
ʵѾǽȣʱ˴ڽĲкʵһõȹ̡һͫҲֻ˸Сѡ
˫ʵԱ͹ʬںϵĵؽѾռ˾ơ
ҿͷһԿһռ˾ݶƵĵؽ˿̿Цʱ򷴵ǲżʰˣҪúõϷˣԷֻܽؽһڶ
˭˭ͷ˵أؽҲǹ֮ףһĸ֣ӡƿߣȴԸʶһʬںϣңΪһʼͲӮˣȻٵؽǿֲѹЩβȣǼᶨ˵˾Եš
ѾƣԼ׽ɱԷӲؽʱЩ߳ŭΪؽҲܷһʬϡ
ͷ컹ôӲҾͿ򲻹򣡡ؽ˵̧֣꣬һӿ
ӿֳһͬڵĿˮһӿŵؽ֣γһƺֻҪؽһӣЩֲĺͻ̽ѹ顣
̸ܵ˼ΪֲѹҲ̾һҪ˵սڵĵؽѾȫԽս֪Լɡ

һ̣ؽƺݺݵѹֲѹֱӽһ޴ӣҲǷžž졣
üͷһ壬ȻһɿֲĹ޷ֱӱѹȥ

ؽһĻȴЩɻȻ֪ԼĹΪǿ޷ֵǶԷ׾ͱܣõؽЩӦ
Ҫ֪֮ǰѹԼǿֲսûһֶο⣬һΣԷΪʲôûжսƷ
ѵΪԼںϹʬ̫֮󣬶Է̬޷ڳͱɱԵʣ
ԭˣ֪ҵ˰ɣߣϧ¹Ҳˣؽ˿̿Ц
δ£ͻȻһӰڵؽǰؽ˿̷Ӧ죬ʶӡŲơ
ֻʹӡֿٺԲŲơ
˲ʱ䣬ؽҪͻȻǰɱһ̣͸оеƺһ޷ʩչ
ôܣ
ؽʱ󾪣Ȼ֪˿ԼʵǶԷ͵ϮɹҲܶԼʲô˺ղŵؽҲûз֪Լˣ¶Է͵Ϯ
ΪʲôͻȻ֮䣬Լ޷
ˣؽķ֣ԼҲ޷ˣһ˲䣬ʺͿ־ӿͷõؽƵĿ־塣
ô£Ϊʲôҵ嶯ˣ
ؽ˿̿ԸоԼͬɽ緢һ޷ã岻Լһ
ǸոգԼѾʬںϳɹΪʲô
ʱ򣬸ոսӡͻȻڵؽǰ˲ֳΣɴ˿ɼͼƻֶ͵Ϯؽһ֡
ϸһؽȻ͵ϮԼˣȻҲ
ǸոձԼǸ˭
ؽɵֻ΢һĥ֪ôˡ
Ƿ㾹Ȼ÷ŪңҾȻûпؽ뵽ֱڵóӶˣҪּ֪ؽѾ˺üǧˣû뵽ԷԼóļϷˣԼֱǳĴǴž֡
ǼԷ÷ԼעӶ͵Ϯ֣õʲô취ԽԼ޷Լ塣
һ㣬ؽ벻ͨ
ٿ˿˿ֱ۸ո͵ϮؽʱѾǱؽΧǿֲ֮ʴˣ˵Ҫϵˡ
ӡ޸ʱ򣬶Ϊ壬ƿƺأʵϸʲô
ղŷʲôؽȴǷǳ
ָõսƻҪҲǹؽ̫дΪԺһʵǿĹʬںϾͿԴɱķ޵¡
֪ͨŮʬѣѾ֪ʬʲô
㣬Ǳʬʵ
ֻҪʬ壬ͻܿʬԼǹǷʵٸǿҲΥΪʲôܳΪ˿ԳԽĴڣΪ׭˳Ӧ򣬶ҽ÷۵ؽȷͲֻ̫̫࣬ǵ׷ǿҲҪܵԼ
ոٵؽںϹʬĹУҲǰжʦԷлƳһǿʬ
ҪǿʬԼֻжʦΪʦǷл˿̵пܳɹ
ȻǶʦƳɹֻһ
һƴʵ͵ϮؽҲǵؽԼȡǰĵؽҪʶƻǺпܵģǺ͹ʬں֮󣬻ûȫչʬĸ֪ѹûвȻǷǰأڵؽֵͬʱ߶ӡԶŲƹһǿķʬ˵ؽʬϡ
һ£ʬãǹʬܵԼȻϢڷУҲûãʬǹʬС
Ѿɹʱ˿ֻϷȻǽÿʬѹס˹ʬҪĻ̫һ㡣
ʬʵǿǲʵ뷨ӽؽʶ룬ʱʬͲΪˡ
һαٻҪؽʶ峹׳룬ɣԼĵˣܡ
ŹңԸ⳼㣬ʲôԣܵٽؽһͰˣ˿̾ȻǰŹ
һ˿ؽģؽǳ֣ʵϾһСˣԼŹԺùĿ϶Լ
޲ϵĽ޵ֿĵؽʶ峷飬ؽһʼģ֮ƿڴҪһսֹһؽٴģһʲôĻ˵˳˵Ƕʦ콢ǸоԷ޵ߡ
ס죡ڣ콢ȥˣͬγ콢ؽǾʧ룬ܿ¶֮ɫ


ڶ 춯
콢Ȼ㣬㹴СӣֱɵֶζԸңʲô콢ؽǿƷԼֱ˼㡣
ؽ̫ʧˣ͵ϮңҲ㣬ΪıҲӮˣҼȻ棬ˣȴҪģҪ͵ֱǶǹ콢˿̳֣Ҳջؽֲ֪ܵΪ콢䣬ҲҪ䣬ƵʱҫʧƵʱȴ֪ܵģʵ˼㡣
콢ĳ֣õؽ߳ŭֿʼѹȥ󣬵ؽԽԽСһ̣ؽ϶񶾵콢һ˲䣬еʶѾȫӹʬ룬
ؽʹ˱
ʧȥؽʶĹʬ˿»عţȻǿֲϢɣ˿Ѿˣ˵ѾܵʬĿơ

һ̣콢һ̾ϢȻóؽһǳ׵군ˣԷûзԭڽ̬ôԺԼһһ˿л꣬ǵؽȻѡ͹ʬں϶ԭĹ壬ôھǳ׵׵ˡ
˵һжǵؽȡ
ҪԸƣѡ͹ʬںϣڵĽ
콢һ̾ϢΪ˵ؽҲΪ˹壬Ϊ֪ؽһ𣬹յĻԻҪʹ˻Ͼˡ
бȴûлȸԾҲûеļֵķǳƽΪ֪˭вˡ
ˣΪӦԵؽ⼸ʱ伸ںʱܣƴʵûйһи˿ʵ˵Ŀǰ˵˿ɵˡ
һֱܵ˵вôһ·ЩӦ
ʬʬѹƣһͬѹƵĻйʬɢϢûǿϢЩ֮ǰʬǱ˵ĵֹͣͨϵѾŮʬ֪³ǵΣѾʮʬȫҷ
ʬһʼĴУڣȴпܳΪֵǿʬɨδĵˡ
һǵؽû뵽ģòİ֣ȻȫҲֵֻؽֻ̫᳼ʹùԦ
ǵؽԭ
ֻҪʬʬԺ˵޵еĴڣöʦĻ˵Ƿ渴û˭в
ѳʲô㣿ʱʦʵ֮ǰΪһʬʦҲǺ˺֮ܶǰήҲ񣬴˿ǻˡ
ô죬ؼңشķǳᶨؼңļȻԪ磬Ҫȥͼˡžۣһ뿪ԪҲˣԼĺӶ·ˡ
һϢ֮ǰ࣬ûӰ֮صĿռҾҵϸ۲죬֮صĿռͬСɣҵʵָҲÿԴ򿪣ʦ˿˵ЩأҲЩ˼Ȼ֮ǰ˵֮룬ڿȴЩˣҲ֮ǰʦû뵽ĿռͷлЩƫ
һͷʹˣһƽһµؽڱɱû뵽Լ뿪֮أʦ˵ҲûһӴ֮ء
ֻҲˣʦƺûаѻ˵Ҳ˵ʵϻа취ġ
˵ɣôܴ֮صĿռ˿˼У޲̸ϻԪ硣
ʮ߲ȫķ洫УʦĻشҲɴ࣬һͷʹˣǵؽﱻǧֻ꣬ҵǰڣһûȫ룬ԼȻѾȡǰʮķ洫УҪҵʣʮ㻹֪ú¡
һͷʹˡ
ʦƺҲ֪ʲôʬһЩʱ䣬Ƴʬʱʵͻһµĸ߶ȣ֮ʬʬԸʴĽƺͿռԹʱЩƺͿռԹһƣȻͻ֡
һ֪ʦ㣬Ҳ˿Լﱻϼ꣬ǻƻ˶ˡ
뵽ץʱ䣬￪ʼԳ׿ǹʬƳԼʬ
κʱһĳôʲô鶼°빦
ʬǿͿֲĴڣȻֻǻ¾ɣ֮ǰĿʬֻѹƹʬ˿̣ѾԴ߶ʬ׻ȡ˹ʬĿȨ
һ˲䣬оԼǰǺ͹ʬϵ֮ı仯˵ʬʵڵҪǿ̫࣬ŻᷢˮǴߵ顣
õʬȨ̰նʦ˵Źʬ뵽У߶ʬɢֲʬ
ԭУһƬ¥ھͲЩĿռ䵱УһĿռֹͿռԹǴ˿̹ʬʬ磬Щʬͬǿᣬ֮ԭͽƾȻͬʼڽ顣
ЩʱĿֲ졣
ҲǾѣҪ֪ĽƾԼ͵ؽ񹥻ûнΣ¹ʬʬȻͽЩƱ飬ʣʬʵѾǴﵽ˷˼ĵز
ʬȫƿĽƺԹսƹƣһʦ˿˵߶սƽпը˲ʱ䣬мֱͬĩһ㣬ĽƱ飬ԽԽľֳ
֪ʦ˵ûԼ͹ʬ˫ع֮£ڵĽ޷άֻ֣Ҫʣ¥֡
ʱͻȻһ𶯣֮ǰһֻһԽǿҡ
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һ䷢ΧĻͻȻ仯ԭڰӰһΪӵĸ¥ԿڼͨʣͬһпյͲһĸ¥ڲԿʮ޴ͥƯܣϻ£ȻЩʣ¥ڣһʮ಻١
ֻûлȸԾҲûжΪԼǰ׵ĵطվһͷ
ʵҲûзͷʲôʱվģͺԷһʼվֻԼոտһ
һ̣ϳͷ˭ˡ


ڶ ƽ
ͷӣ֮ǰؽƵķʬһģһֻͬǣͷûֱŰ֮еֻͺ͵Ȼ֮⣬ͷǷʬҪǿ̫࣬óԼ͹ʬ֣δǶԷĵ֡
նʦĻ˵ֻһܴﵽ̶ֳȡ
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ͷ΢΢һЦﶼ֮ɫǶһ񡣶˿ǾѣȻϳͷ˭ŵǣԷһӰҲͶӰ߼֮Ķ
Էǻڵˡ
Ժðһ˼ͷǾǷ滹š
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ɫ󺧣ԷģǶʦʶ
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ҲĵˣƺҪ֣˵һȻ͸һ˵侲
ѡеĴˣ֮أҲֻҵ֮ʦȷҵһ˿л꣬ȴ֮ģҹֳһΪʲôҪôȡȫĴУȻ֪ǰˣ˵һ仰һ֣ǿƮʮ޴ͻȻǻʮ⣬ȫ㼯˷˵֮ϣһ׭
׭֣̺һ̷ָһһʮ¥еķ׭һš
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Ӽп֪һֱഫķ䲢ģʵϷǵûһֱĺúõģֻΪ浽һ󼰵ĸ߶ȣû֪Ĵڡ
ǿؽ㣬治֣Ҳֲˡ
һӦΪʲôΪʲôҪթ
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Ƕδ֪֪̽Ǻܾǰ촬֪̽δ֪½֪̽һ
֪£淢ǧľͷ
һΪ޴󣬳Ƭͷ籩Ŀռ䣬ʵǿǿҲ޷ǿĿռ籩˺κ壬塣
ʵǷΨһһԵֵЩֲ籩Ĵڣ֮Ϊ߽硯ĿռѰ꣬ҵһ޴ͥ
ͥһƬռ䵱УͥһһӲľʯݷգ滨˺ܶ꣬޷֪ͥ̽ͥ硣
󣬷֪Ҫ⡮߽硯ͥҪͬʱƿ
ﵽεĴڣѾɥʧȤδ֪̽ǷΨһȤġ£ɽЯĸ֣ΪҪһԴﵽһ磬һ뵽߽硯ĸ֣һһͥ
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֮󣬷ǴԪ磬ѺǱҪзһЭԼ򿪡߽硯ͥǿߡ
ȥûеóԸЩǿһⶼϸ񣬰콢ؽ滹Լһ˿л괴ʦǵĳɳ޷ꡣ
ֱĳ֡
Ԫ֣÷ע⵽Ǳһֱ֮أȷԼҪȵڳˡ
֮󣬷ҲͶʦȡϵʦʱҲõ˷ļ䣬ľϵһɣʦͷѾûʲôʵϾһˡ
Ҳ˵һֱĶʦǷ档
ڷ潫һлع鱾壬·ǶʦŪǰҲ۾ЩӵĿ档
Ӧ޷棬ΪΪѰҵԴﵽһˣȻôѣҲ޲ûз棬ôûԼںͼһԪ硣
ѾӼ֪˷Ǻ;磬ڷ統УµԼҲֻǺһĴڣʣϵô
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˵ͷֵڣѾ֪һУô㣬Ըô
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