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֤ǿبźΰ֮
Ӵ֧תĻ
Թһ㱻¼;һݡ
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1 
ɳĮȻһȣںյȾƬɳĮӳճһƬѪɫǸ´Ťʹó濴ȥһ졣
ƬŸΣġɳĮ֮Уһ¼ŵӰżϵ˿ڣƣѵķԽǰɳֻ±ϦӡɳصбӰ
۸еΪʹԵЩڵ֮ͫг޷ڸǵĻںлеľĲظʲô
״һҪסһᡭ
Ȼૻδɵʱ򣬻ϵʱԵȴͻȻһ˸ǹ⣬겻ΪȻֵıɫһ
ڵǱͻȻӿֳΰ֮ĩ˲ʧȥʶɳ֮ϡ
СԶԶ޷ǴĿֲݣɾƺҪ֮ʱѪѪȴ˲߻ѡ
ԭصѪ죬Ҳͬ޷ΰ֮΢ӳһ֮УǹɴӴݵУĴһ˿΢꣬ȴûפ֮ƥ塣
ǹ֮Ŀֲ̼ҵйһ㣬һԵӿ뵽˿иʽ߼תγһݿ⡭
ȿȿȿȡ
ƺǱǺľҿͻȻԭصƱϱһߵļٺϴڴڵ̰ŻɳĮȸеĿ
Ѹѵ촽ΪͻĲٴεĿѣ䲻Ծͷǹɵζ
̧ΪҺԵƺҪը˺ʹķβ˫ۡ
ֻԭڴͫףٴ֮ȴȫѪ֮ɫ
𡭡
ɳƺǲ֪ô˵³һȫԡ
¶21͵ĵ꣬ԼҲ֪ΪʲôԭĴԽдĸоһ֮ͱ޾ľ
ӴѶϢݻӲϵݷ浽ģ˸ԽʵĻᱻǹӴֽͬ⡣
ʮӴǰ׺һڶƲϣ󺣵ĺҩˮֻᱻͬԭ˵һֱʧȥӡֻŻļ仭棬Ϊ˿ݵһ֡
ô£
ǰı仯;֮ʱȴͻȻǰӾ仯üΪ
һۿȥȻɳϵÿһɳϸϸһ㣬һɹµĹ첨ƳҰ֮У᲻ϸ֣ƺܵӾĴĵӴݿȴͻȻתһĪԳԺ

ɳƵ˻ײ˫ͷ沿һƬΪʹֵŤ
ʱеһĥƺʱ֮һ㣬֮ǰĻ棬ȴһ̻Լ档
ɳжٿɳɳеز٣¶ȵϸ΢仯ɳӰ½ŻƶȵȫʸֽĲ
ӴĲ̶̵ļ֮ӿ룬㼷Դ
Ʒ֮ͫ
һͻȻԺļ仭棬Դԭˣ󽥽Ǳ۾СĿʼȡݿеƬ䡣
ʣﲢǵˣһսħ磬ǳƺΪԭ˵ʶ˽ȻǲܣȴܹһЩʶˣرĸԶԶǱô򵥵¡
ԭֽҹֺò弸Ŀе塣
ƽ˵ûʲôصĵطҪ˵Щڲͬģſ˵иżʿ̴ӵĸףԼҲһСʿɡ
ʮѾͻƵʿ̴ӵĳ̶ȣѾס˹̹˳ɵͬˣʣµɳ츳ߵҲЩĵˡ
һΪ£ѪʳѪҩġҩԴŵƣҹȴֻܿĹ׬Ĳ֣ͨƽȻҪõö࣬ɶԱЩȴǲˡ
ʣԭһΪ۰ĸףú¶鼫Ϊӣֻʧȥ˲ŻᶮϧرӵӡĹ¼ƯλڼҲĸ²͵Сլǵһθеǿ޶޷޳޷ݵ˺ʹҲļô
ǿƽԼ˼ʼ¶˵ڵҹҲķˣĸײƴĹԣȡӵ裬᲻϶ϴƵĸҹѪĲһ㡣
һħս磬̫ʱ񶼻ٵƬأھ˥ʷıǨ֮ǰȻǽ˽۷ʱµĻԪ
Ϊǧǰһξ޴ֻʢת˥ϷķǰԼĵطһΪ˹̹ĳǰ
һŵǰһǧңּλҲȫΪÿ¹ʮ죬ÿʱҲࣨΪ˷Ķ趨λͬʲôľ͵ǰѻķܿ˼
Աڵйʱڵİ΢ĩ廷ڵ״ȻԶԶȲ۷壬ȴҲҪùˣԭһ嶯ĺƽ٣ͬ壬ֻʧˡ
ͬʱǻ屣ϵɣԼʱڿʼ뷢ѪǱĻҪõöࡣ
츳ԶԶ޷ͬȣħ޶Ȳͬ״̬ﶼױĶ޷ۣйŵİʱڣûĵǿߡ
ֱǨߵȾıӻʼӸߵȾѧԭʼľħ󣬿ʼѧϰַͨ취ͬħ޵ľˣְҵġ
ͬʱҲֲͨѪֶΣѪ츳Ѫ츳ͨ˵һָܹõЭսʵҹĸ˹̹ǵϵ¼Ҿſ֮Ѫ
һ󱲾Ѫ츳Ѫ¿ԿѪĴۣͻȻϵ
ӵвѪļǣͬսӵŵơ
ȻͨҹϴƵĽ̵ȴǵ֪۷ĻԻʱڣֲ֮εѪ첻ϣֻΪѼ򵥱γ˻ʿ뿴һԺĵΡ
ֻǰʢת˥˶֮󣬸߼ѪΪɱ뱾ľѣ඼ʧʷˣЩѪΪѼӦǿԴϡٷ׷λ
ﾺ棡بŲ
ʣҹĸϴƵĲظЩҪҹڵѪ֮൱ߵȵһ֡
̫ѨѾָɺɫֻ۵׻Լһ˿ø˵۾ҹҲǳ˿
ãҹĸײϵϴͬʱѼƵĽ̵һЩѪѺĿƷ
ò˵ʼ˫۾ı˵ȷǳƵϱ̬ĳ̶ȣŸովѾѾҪˣ浽ԼŪˡ
ֻҹҲԼףԭƷ֮ͫӦҲûôŵЧһʿ̴ӾѺܴﵽ̶ֳȣĻΪԼУǹƮʱĴ֮Ϻı졣
һЧ˼󣬲Կʼ״˵Լ帺뾫񸺵ȴҲԭƷ֮ͫ߳١
ħôȥҲܹؼҵô
ЩãȻ̧ͷŸոҹǿգǰռǿճıС£ϵɽΣҹҲЩã֮ɫ


2 Ե
ʿ̴ӣСŰ˻˿ڿ
վҡҡǣ˼ϵĵ˺ǰڵСլʱ۵õһ
ǰ˵ǰеǿÿ£ȻȥԵеֻ˵ȳƣòҲ㲻˧ֻǴһ뿡ʡ
ٶȣȴеһֱȻûвԵģӴݿɲǸǵģ΢һ¾͵֪ڵȫָܹٽ
Ҫ֪ǰľ¼ҲٽͷרŶ̶ܴﵽЧڵȫļܵλûƫƣ˵ֻܾȭȸҲܷϵǰˮƽ
Ƶλϳȭٶȿܴǧȭ̩ɭҲֻܸʰ·磬ŵ⻹Ǹʮ壬ȥҲ׳ʵûЩĹĵӡ
ȻЩʲôħʳѪҩʲôĸЧ൱ǿԼļⶼűˡ
ʿ̴ӵ򵥻ֱ׼ÿһٽľӦĹôͨĳֻҪйһЩӦսѵΪʿ̴ӻǽΪ򵥵ˣֻļϵʿ̴ӣ¾Ҫ㹻Ѫ䣬Ѱƽܹ֧ŵˡ
˹̹ǵĳ״ͨԱѣȫȥ˼Ϊʿˡ
Ϊʿ̴ѶȽϵ̶ֳͣĳΪսԱһЩСӳȥʲôҲֻڻҺͰ˹ļʿ̴ӲĿ˴ţսȺӴһĿȺ壬߼ʿ̴ϲǸ֡
һЩŹ˵ΪС㹻Դϴ¶ҩĻѪУǸмֻҪŬĻʮ˥֮ǰܹﵽżʿ̴ӵĳ̶ȡ
ֻƽĻһǵˣ츳ģѰ·ƽʱ׬ǮԴˣҲ͵ͷˡ
Ϊʿ̴µ弫ޣҪȥͨѪѪʳѾУҪħ޵ѪҩĲС
ʿ̴֮ϣǾְҵĵĴֻҪְҵǾ鱾ϵɱ䣬һֵĽ
ҹĸױǾżʿ̴ӣѾְҵ׵ıԵ˹̹ҲһλСĸˣŽǰǿ
ƽݣѹӵܣҲǳƵϽ顣
ĻһĸףĻ˹̹ǵĵϵ¼ңټԼǳƵϳڵ츳ƽݣҲŽҹܹһǰ;ĵ·Ϊˣ
һͨһҲֻĵ·
벻ּֿʴŵ˵ʧɳĮС
ȻϣҹһֱΪѹĵΪҲ֧ѪУȴΪǸӴǰ֣֮
ŬһֱáԼòѷɫں̫Դһֱǰʿ̴ӵĳ̶ȣ˵Ѿ൱ˣżʿ̴ӵЧѾ˼ޡ
֮Ѿѡ·ڸĵزνҪΪؼԴֵҲǱҹһ˵Ķ˹̹ǵĵȴҲ޷㹻Դˡ
Ȼû⣬Ҽûɣҹ츳ĥ嵽ʮ󵽴żʿ̴ҲǿԤģʮ֮ǰӵгְҵ׵Ļᡣ
ʣⲢҹչʾ츳ޣΪԴǷȱ̫ٶȻķϻƽʱˡ
ҹΪ䱦ϣĸȻ޷ܵģҹͻƵʿ̴ӵĵ죬ҹȥȫõľ¥ףһٺĵ˼һϡ
ڶһһص뿪˼ңǰ˿ϵ¼ҵԺ龹ȻΪҹԴ
ǵˣΪƷǣоȻһƿƷʵְҵϴҩ
Ϊȱݣ޷ħһһԼ˵ģΨһĳ·ֻпͿƵְҵϴҩְҵתְʽ粽
˹̹ʮס˿ںʮ˿ڵУְܹҵתְְҵ׵ǿֻвʮˣ
ϵ¼˵˹̹ȴҲֻλְҵǿߣǰĵһ͵ڶֱʮλͰλңңȵʣǹϷְҵǿߡ
ǿϵ¼ռ˹̹ӴԴҲں󱲵Դģǿϵ¼ұҵˣִ˾żʿ̴ӺʹõְҵϴҩҲͨƷʣ
һ㣬Ѿȫǰеˣ˵ְͨҵϴҩֻҪϴҩմߣѧͽֵƷдƷƷѾǺĶˣܹӵͨϴҩҲͿϵ¼ܹˡ
Ʒʵְҵϴҩ涼Բֱֻ࣬ȷ츳ߣضְܹҵżڲŲִܹܵΪƷʵҩܹЩѪ֮ļʡ
Ȼ˵ҹ׵츳ֵܲΣǣϵ¼ҲóƷʵҩ֡ˡԼ˻ãԼ˷ġ
ˣҩΪҹ˴֮ҪʹõԴҩġ
˵һֱû˵ôģҹҲԼ뵽ˣΨһֵܹǮ߻Ҫ߹ЩֵĶֻһֱײ϶йܱڵ츳ġĿˡ
˵Ѫ֮һ˳;˵츳츳ľһֺĸıֶΣְֻҵ׵ǿְ߲ͨҵ츳ָı䣬Ŵʩ١ٶǿȵȡ
ϿѪ֮ǿϿְҵ츳ֲʹմӰʤͳһʱ
ֻ츳ĵӡ跱ְֱӣϡУԶھˣرϵͻƵְҵ׺Ҳ޷Ӧ츳ģһ㶼ǿŵġ
ͺñ˹̹ǣ֮ǰΨӵԼشģ
ʣֻóܴ򶯿ϵ¼ңӶóô󲿷ֵ档
˵Ŀ츳ģЧҪǿӾ۲ƣֿȥΪЩߵЧֻҪ츳ģһͨõãǾǼǿְҵĵȹԣȶھʵϻ󣬵ȴܺʵƿͻƵļʡ
ѾӵԼشĵǲһʲôü۸񣬵ֵƷĿϵ¼˵ȴܹȡ޴ļֵ
ĽʵҲûʲôҺôҺõ˼ϵ¼ҲΪЩԼͿ๦ߵ飬Ͼϵ¼Ҳ߸ְҵף鼸ְҵ֮µһˡ
ΪЩʲôǺʶڷǿϵ¼ҵĿ˵̫ˣȻǲ
ֽҲģ˫õԼҪģҩͻƵְҵôҲǿϵ¼ҵʵʱӼһּҵŮҲǰսˡ
ȻĻν׵Ҳͽˣ͵תְҶԱʼѪëֱħ޾ְҵģǳߵ˵
ϴҩһƿʵģʧܺȻܹʹߵǺʵγɻεȼġʮʮһʿ̴ӣƿƷʵЧ͸ˣôҲ
Щ벻ǣһʵ̫ԼĶˣ뵽ԼѾôˣͻְҵԺҲûʲôڴģҧסûãҪ㽫Ȼá
ϾѾûκμֵٻȡƷʵϴҩˣܹɹΪְҵ׺Ҳ޷㵽
£Ȼ˵עͿӣƷʵְҵϴҩǷһְҵǿ϶ֵҹǾżʿ̴ӵĸȻ޷γ㹻壡
˵Ҳ裬ڿϵ¼ҵıӻΧڣ㹻ԴϸĽ̵ŶӣɼܲסⱦԼû棬ʮഺ궯͡
ȻһŮ˺Ƶķֲ嶫ϱģȻΪ˱Լרӣƿҩ͵˳
ŮȻ˵ǡֻҪһĿеλãҩҪôĻ
Ȼ籾϶ϲּ籾ˣҹҩ͵Լġˡһµʱһͱһƴɣҩ
ˣȴͬǿϵ¼ҵһżʿ̴ӵտ䣡ƽﻹֵܵɳޣϵ¼Ҷλѡġ
ǸŮȴŮСͺҹʶ÷ɯ
ȻͼˣɳҹƿϴҩҳɹڿٵڸְҵĳΪְҵס
±ϵ¼֪Ҳһܼ򵥵ѡ⣬һѾΪְҵ׵ǿߣһǾżʿ̴ӣ˵ԼóһƿϴҩֲԼ£ǶԸԼɵƣվ߾ͺˡ
ҹݵĲǣ֪ǲǵĿϵ¼鷳йɯٴγһֱΪƭҹǰʱȻǺͿϵ¼ҵĶүһ
ڵʱûְҵ׵ǿڸɯĸ׸ոͻȶϵ¼ұְҵҲƺЩŲΣֻǳ˼żʿ̴Ӻʹмʿ̴׼Ըӡ
鶼ѾˣǵȻƹˤնݳ
֮ǰǻЩҲˣ׿Ƥϵ¶ȻҪ׽̱ʿǷܣһк츳Ĳĵȼ۶ܽʧֵ׬ˡ
ɲǵ۷ʱڣʲôҫҪʱڵһжǿüֵ򵥺ġ
Ȼǻǵ͹һֱ͵ڿΪľż䣬ͬǿԼͨʿ̴ӵȻӲı黤ҹɱһѪ·ӳ˳ǡ
ֻǳǺ󣬿ϵ¼ҵһְҵǿҲڵ֪Ϣ׷˳Ϊ˱ҹǿˣҹǿĿһ·ɳĮȻ󱻻ᡭ


3 
Ҳ֪Ǳӵðĵʲô¾Ȼ쵽˾żֵĴУżʿ̴ʲôãǱ
Ӧµ壬ҹԳЦЦڡĿ⼦ߵģھѪ֪Ѫ֮ص˵Ȼ϶Ѫ׵Ķ
ԼƮľ޷ֱӸԼʵϵԭǿѪ֮ȴԼδ޵Ŀܣ
ֻҲΪ⿴ȥЩߵȴΪ˸Σ鷳
СӼֱӵһ͵жϣǲеߺߣȻ׵ľͱɫԻңҡ
и̵ֹԭҹҪͨԷΪһԼĸߴʱԺйǸԼҩòҲɵİ˿ڿˮ
ðɣҲ֪ǳʲôϳģòŮĶģҩǷɧȻԼϿЩױPSģɧϼ֡
£ʣ±ԭҹ˼꣬Լû˿׼;䣬ԼʮĴҲ
뵽ҹͻȻһ˺ʧܵĸоΪΡ
ûɫһ£ing
Ů˹ȻһֿµԺõĵˡ
һĸ̲ڼҹҲ˲ŮˣرƯŮ˼ĽģԼ֪Լ¶ɲʲô־ᶨ»ݣҲȡĻУǰֻǵɫûɫլˡ
⻹Ǳ˹һָƨƨߵƮȥ
ҪԼֱͬߵĻΨֻǰԤ;䡣
ţֻҪһֱ־Ļ֮Ժ㻹ܹϴԵġ
Ȼԭ˵ĸҲܾ壬Ϊ˶ӲһеŬҲܸжϾҲֻǱ˵ĸ׶ѣеĻҲǻ棬ȱӡǺ˸Ӱ죬ûĸо
æĻ⣬ǰȻѾ˴ķˡ
Լĸĸ
ڵ򡭡
ȻҰοǻлᣬ¡
̾˿֮ҹҲʼŲѾԵúƣ壬ʼѰʳˮԴԼǰƺ˼Ӽʵ״̬ˣٲŬ㣬żҹҵɳĮ¾ͻյԼ֮׵С
˵Сլŵ㻰ǾӦǿˣǰãһôǴ˾

ƵɳĮޱ޼ʣյĺ濾֮£ȥΪ¶ԵһƬŤþһľɫȴ޾Σв
¡ȱˮʧ桢ɳˣ
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ħޣ
ָ͵Ŀ֮У㹻켦Ťֵɳϣʱȴ浹һӰ
żܿΪ̵ıܳ鴤죬һĿһ˿Եĳ˻ŧȾļֻǿ˵ʱȳҪߵö࣬ͨ˿һغˣżܳ鶯¡
벻ò׻õᣬ˵õѪ֮ѵңȻûʼҪô
ڵѾȫûһ˿һҹʱΪԼеһ˿
ȻһǰլöԼ˸ȴǲûиı䣬ǰԼԼ־Ѿˣ־ʼŷôıߡ
ǰ˵ļƬУȡһЩɳĮļƬΣվֻѾĥݵĻ棬֪һһ£һϹȥˣһֻɳû׽˷ԭʹ治
ȵ̫ʱͱ⸱ˡ
˭ȾҰֻҪ˭Ҿ͸ɴ˰ɡ
ʱ⣬Ѿȫû˿ɳصҹҲֻ־ģʱĵԳһѣûɫһ£Ҳąȣ
Ȼж궼硣
ӴиСƨôĵطȥʵӣеֵ
ʶʼʣѾоɿʺ͵ЩƮƮȻ֮ʱһʵȴǳĶУԼеԼĺ챻˭
ǿصƤǰĴӺǰһʶջ֮ǰǾ仰

ǰΪУǾþ̵ʰСҲòĶա
ʵ㹻ʮˣ˩ŵʮͷҲӰ֮Ϣ
ȿȡ
ǿɬдһ˿ˮѵҹ̰Ķڣ㱻Ǻˡ
۾ԵЩƾɫƤﶥܵӣԼµ̺ӣԺ𾭹ξʵĽлֲָѺҹĵҲ˿ӦǻˣСòƱˡ
˵ѾǵڶˣǰǴʵ̫ˣ˲ûһӡӴģ⻹ǵһΣдֲ
ϵѹȣǰһֻСլ˵һִδйľ;飬ֱɵˡ
عٻһֿ־塢ãһ˿˷ܻϵĹо
С˰ҲĳңȻڹʬ嶼ûʣˡ
ҹԳԴȥֻһ׶ȫᣬֻһƤסҰƺ˿յһϷʵĿԼ
еӡƺԼǰλ
ллл
ЩӲԵлҹҲԵЩɳƽ͡
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Ӳĵл޼ȻҲûʲô˼ջԴ߱ǸСأⲻʲô¶
СӣҪõҪѾ˾жԼոոˮôھͱҪرҡ
İȴĴ֣ȥЩˬĿ¶˰ɭɭ˵
ԱҲϢļ˵Ц壬ЩңҲһζ
ҹ뵽֮ǰԼǰԳʱǸͷ˸ԼԼ⣬ò˿ˣ
ûҪľ塣
ƺǿҹ뷨ǿ຺ϵЦĲ

һֹɳӵĴŰ壬һһ˶һʮϾƤȻ˿ھ˴Ͱǣ»ҹ
ðɣôûнϹۻ棬ǸֻԼ˶ˣǸԼ˿ڰıҩԼһ·ϵĳԺȡ
ȻԼôصĶ㱨Ե̫ˣҹҲûʲô˵ģԷǾԼˣر㲻ʲôġ
ǰ˵İ߸϶黹û⡣
ȻǸոմӻתѣֻǳԵĵ˼仭ôֵĻ㹻ʳﲹ£ȴݿ޲΢֮£ԶеЧٶԼϢСʱָ˴
ԼݿѶϢ״̬˵״̬ܹ633.4ǰ˵Ҳ521.2ĳ̶ȣ֮ǰ״̬Ҫ̫ˡ
Ȼͳڱ״̬Ȼǲͬģ156.1İǡһܹڱĽ״̬
ԺﴫݹȷСλݣҹҲеЩͷۣԺòԼʲôʲôȻᵯЩɣĻھĸҲ̫ˡ
뵱ѪʱƷ֮ͫ۲űԴͻȻǰѾˣǶԻ΢ƺҲ˵ݵĸá
ƸĶ󣬿ɾһĸĶȴԭӲ̰ĻڳȫרԼĿǰ״ĻԼܲϵĻָǺҲڲϵĽиı䣬ƺÿʱÿ̶Լϸ΢仯඼ͬ
һǳûеģ˵ԼӡЩŹʹõĸ߼ƻв࣬ôԭֻôֵĶδԼõ˸õĻЧѡ
СӣҲŵĹүҲûʲôϢͨ˵ܹʹﵽʿ̴ӣѾ൱ˣδְҵڣ־ϵĥ̫Щʹģӵǿߵ̬ſӵǿߵʵ
ҹжԼһЩ仯е̾ʱԱϤĴ㶣ֻ̧ͷٿȥʱѾŶǰȥֻܿǿıӰ
һȻԼҲǴЩĿĵģȷǸΪ˲ļһһ¼ϱͼ˿ڵľҹҲ󲽸˶Ľ࣬һֻʳԱߡ


4 ʰĶ
ʰĶӣҹȡļ䵱ҲӡһֶɣǰĸڳΪϵ¼Ŀ֮ǰԼ齨һʰĶΪṩ㹻ħѪѪҩġ
ȻΪԼܹ״û˵ʰĶӵľϾҲܴһЩֺ״̬֪ʰĶӵĴŴ;
ӶСӺðСʿ̴ΪǸɣļʿ̴ΪľС˵ʰĶȻΪ˹ƽṩһǮҲǵͼʿ̴Ǯ֮һ
ǵƬΪɳĮӶð߶ƨɺʰȡǲҪġ
Ȼ˵ΪǽӶСӵֲû취ȫߵ£±ȡ˾ʣµʳȵƷҲ൱ֵܼ֮һˣҼҲֹһ֧Ķ
سǺʰСӵ벢һ֧ӶСӻðС٣ֻǷ̯ͷҪ࣬϶ǱصʣΣӦҪҪöࡣ
ӷ׵Ķ飬µƽʵǼҳ㷹ȫǮ
ȻҲ˵ʰĶûи֣ΪӦһЩͻͼܹһʰĶӵĶӳܹõóֵģҹĸ׾Ǿżʿ̴ӣ˹̹ǶܳƵǴˡ
ֱ磬ԼǸ޼ӡ
ǰɣҼʶ٣㲻Ҫƭңְҵǿߣ
ǰͺԼֻ࣬ʿ̴ӵһصĺԼϣҹʱһ۴ҵĸоԭΪӦͨԵӲ͵Ļƺŵ˲١
ҹ޷ʰĶӵ죬Ҳǰ޼Ȼ˹̹ǵвСǿߣһλѾͻ˾żʿ̴ӷ룬תְɹְҵĵְҵǿߣ
ְҵǿߺǰʿ̴ȫֲε˵ʵһżʿ̴Ӷ㹻ҩ沢˿ߣΪ˽͡
һͻƵְҵףȴܹʣӳһһµʵԣȼպĿԽƴøǿ߶ԸƼֱ紹ʱְҵģܹӳʱ䣬ҪʱܹٴγһΪȵȡ
˵һתְɹΪְҵǿߣ˵˹̹ǣκεطҲȨ׼
˹̹ǰڵǰλǰӶҲͬȴƵˣԼɺȻӶУǸʰĶּõҵ÷ˮҲܹ˵ġʰĶӡܹΪ˹̹һָĶʰСˡ
㹻ӶųսĽɫֻںǮȻ쵫ܲסɰԭʰĶı׶˷⣬ҲΪĳֶࡣ
ȻΪҪ࣬ĸ˵ʵȲԼȥһֻӶš
ҹˬӲΪԼ뿼ǹƽΪ̾ʱԱߵļȴ͵͵ĵڡ˵
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ġڡԭҹԺ޼ǺˬֱĶ˲ҩİ
ΪʰĶӵԣҲҹ뵽һܸȤĶռװ
ǰѬյָװȻǲİ
Ӽѹε֪˵ҲȷֿռװĿ˵ȴ൱ϡ٣ְҵ׵ǿ߶ܹ㵽һܹ˵ĻҲ˳ڲռ伫ΪСģ׵ĴСѾļ۸񣬻мйӦ֡
ΪˣӵпռװĸߵСӣħ޵˵󲿷ֶ޷װС
ԭƺΪռװĿԪϡ٣Լ編ʦϡٵԵʣԭϵϡٵĿķʦǣܹռװľ͸ˡ
˹̹ʮס˿ʮҵ˿Уְܹҵǿʮˣһ˵жһӿŵ˹ֻ̹һְҵ׵ʽʦ
λʦǺǰεϳϵŶﲢ޽Լķʦ
ҹ֮ԱȽϹĿռװǾΪ֪ԼĻѰҵؼҵĿܣǱȻҪʱշ֣
ҪңԶĿռ䣬Ҫصԭʱ䣬񶼲ܹ쵽飬ҲֻһϣĵǱ΢ãһ˿˿
ʦôҪǰһЩ˰
гһ˿ɫҹµĲҲᶨ˲١
ѾΪʿ̴ӣﵽµ弫޺߼żʿ̴ӶΪְҵ׵ͻƽ۵ʱڡ
ʿ̴Ѿȫļһļ£߼ʼǰְҵѡ·ˣϵڸѡһʼ٣Ϊְ֮ҵϴҩְҵתְʽ̵棬ְҵĵڸλôûܹܵסְҵĵ
ϵְҵյĿȻڸȫۺģ۵˳ͬǿķҲر𣬴ӶγɸְҵʦϵǹҲˣʱѡһҲȷ˽Ĵ򣬵һ۵ĺҲ֮Ϊְҵġ
ϣʿ̴֮ʵʱԽְҵϴֻûżʿ̴۷壬ɹʸ˰ˣ͸Ѫóѷʱ
ҹʱڿݻԼˣΪ˼ǿԼСʽɿԼУɵȼȴҪԼȫ滮˷˵ˡ
ҪоʱգȻǷʦӵŵħصǹϵڸȴȫ;
˵м罣ʿʿʥʿ֮תְְҵʵһڸٿǹѶȻöְ࣬ҵܽǹֻγħиְҵȻԽӴǸʱоְҵѡ·ȷְҵҲְҵƵԴ
ҹ֮Ի֪ЩΪ϶ϸϴԵʱ򣬻ȷתְţʵ϶ġڴҹܹתְɵһڸΪ֪ͬʱ֮ǹְҵʦ
ǰҹǷŬܵԴ˥ǰ֪ڸ˳ûģֻ֮ҪתְĻĹƹǺ
ڵҹƾڵӴݿԼ˵Ѫ֮Ʒ֮ͫӦûתְ⣬ֻȻʦȥǰ;ְҵҹĿ귽ڴҪΪȫְʦǹ
ԽһܳΪħ֮Ǻʲô
Ȼˡ

ĺһҹǽڤѶϢӼг˳Ȼ϶ŵĿ귽ְҵڤֶȻǻ취ŪϾʦڳ
ȻڸĻһǴֻôһ
һ߱ܵĸԱߵ߶ҹҲһĽ˶ԻڤĽ⡣
ͻһڤʱڵͬٶ΢ԭӲͨר


5 ָ
һһѹȫȻͬ·
˻ڤݣΪݶһЩעͺ΢ȫ͸˻ڤصҹҲ˼
ΪһԪĻڤ룬ſƼ򵥵ľŷʵѾǱݵ˼£ע͵ǻۣΪʺΪȫΪͨõѧͽŵɡ
ҹӴܽĲ̫˵㣬ϵͳҲ޷ٶŷŽˡ

ÿ˵ľ״ǲͬģڤȷΪʺϴڣҹݣȴԶڳȫҹ񲨶ϷţûãֻʺϣЧĳɣ
ڸļϵְҵҪʵսͬڤȴҪĻ
ܽһ֣
լ
ȻΪź֪ʶʦҲĴ˵󲿷ʱȻԼķʦоϣڤ룬о
ҹѵõóչؿ޶꣬һغɨ˷
һYYһ˲ǿγĿˮҹ˲е˶ʮ㣬ֳ׼ȵ´Ϣʱ򣬾Ͽʼרڤ룬ȵж޼ľ֮Ҹ깽չأְҵٳѰҺ֪ʶ
ѵңԼͻְҵ׵ҪתְʱѼ²ʲôģԼ츳ʵϴҩӦù˵Ĳǡ
Ͼϻһƨ鷳ģɲ뵽ʱسǱ׽
ҹ磿ҹ磡
ҹ뵽ˬ϶Ծ¶еı飬Ա߼վʵ
ðɣԼڻһͨʿ̴ӣ˵Ϊ츳û˻Ϊ㣬Щӻþ۸㡣
£
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ҹЦſ󣬼һԵЩ˰β֪οڣһСܵӣҹ񺮲ѡ
ģ˵ҹĸŶܲڵϢʱָָҵĽء
ԭԵûֵļһЩЩŤϾͬˣ˼Ѿʿ̴ˣԼ̫ˡ
ԭû⡣
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˵ѾҪߵ·ˣսǱõģԼΪʦ֮ǰõġ
ɲʲôᣬԼһسǵʱܶвиԼļһȻҲȻӦˡ
˳㻹ڱǰNɪһ£˵ʵҲʵԽװǺʲô𡭡
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ƺ͸Ʊǳ˹̹ҲǹغͱƷˣȻʰĶ˵ֶд裬ˣ±ӣľͿԴţҲʰĶеһҵĿˡ
ҹ뼪ġָΪҹʿ̴ݣһƱϢʰΧ۵ģõ֮ҹĽͱˣһƬ
ҹ𡭡
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Լô׵ĵֺȻʶķһ䡣
ȡǣֻҵļ˿ڸոǣһ¡
ǿװҹһºӲ˵ͬʱҰοߵҪΪħ֮ˣҪЩʿ̴ӷϸڡ
˵󡭡
Ƶĳʵ˵ֻǻû˵ͱҹˡ
סڣȡ˵˵ˣϾǷһؼ޹أһˣ
ǿдҹҲеģԭϰߵӲ˲ӿ˲٣ðɣԱ˵ķӦСӲʲôţֻԼ̫ˣԼʿ̴Ӱ쵰
ڳΣȫ²̨
ᴵսƶˣҶȥˡ
ֻǾʱԱȴǴһЦһƤͷϰëеںũ񹤴磬ȥĺӺĽҴҹĻԣû˿档
˭˭˵ģ㣬𣬱𵽴㣬
Ƥڵϲȥˣ߳ܶȶѾˣҹҲɴƹˤˣװЩըë˵ðɣǶҲɶΣա
ôСƨˣСƨ䣬Ҳ䣬ν˵ҳõԼлأոһȻˣôҵ˵սĸо
ټԼôҲʿ̴ӣԼŭĻ˵ҲĳЩˣͷǵҪ׳ˣҪֳʿ̴ӵϡ
һǸһǸֱʵˣȫԳԵ²ǡ
ҲƾŸоָǸ˵ڵ˴ӵ
ȻսʬĽܿˡ
ޣôͻƵʿ̴ӵˡ
֮ǰˡ

ҹһָ󣬳Ǿ˾ͻȻһ¿ʼС
ǵĽ̸ҹʱ±ˣ֡ʬĽܿʲô˼
Ŷ˼ҪҾ𡣡
ǱָŵġʬĽܿˡƺҲΪеЩ⣬Щ˷
ǲˣ಻԰


6 
磬϶ˣᰮֹ
ǳһѰٶﳤļһߵ˳ҹоԼСȶӶе㷢һﰡҴǰѳľжϣԺԶľ͵ó˶Է
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˵ʵԼѹʱһѪѾо൱⣬ʼжӰôҲһƼɵѪֲ֮ɱ֮Ӧòɶ˰ɡ
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һŵı۾𣿡
ۡҿʼ˵ɼδء
ڵ˾Ǹ겻֪̤̤ʵʵġ
ǰ츳ôãԶԶҵȣȴ˷ѣǿҲζ

ԱΧ۵ʰǣҲ۷׷ף޼еЩЦСӿ档
Ȼ㲻֣Ҳˡ
Ϊ߼ʿ̴ӣΪǰˣŵĻһֻ۾ɽܿȻû˿ǫõԾֻǼҹ۽ͣƬ̾ͺȳ
ƺ˿ΪԷΪû¶˿鲨
ѶҪȿһ
ʵ޻ȴǧε̤ͨնƺֱӺ˼ʮ׵ľ룬ŲҵϢһ϶µĽҹ˽ȥ
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ʬĽܿˣɲ˵Բ̣ʵʰĶӵ˵ܹɱ˵ĻĲ࣬ʰĶ˵ͨǱɱĶ󣬶ʰĶݲȴҲԻ
֮ԻĳƺţȴΪʰȡĶ඼ħʬΪܹЯȻҪʬзֽӹͨĵͼʿ̴ӶƤħʬָȴ൱ѣܿǶ޼֮ʬˣ
ҲѪһϢˣȷǸ򡭡
ͬҲΪħʬԭĴ·ȴǱ¯ĵز
Ϊ⣬ֻרڴˣܿ˺ѽбʽĳӣۺ߹ǿ߼ͬΪʵ̫ˣԵʵĴڣȴԷκλᣡ
Ϊ˿ֵܵʵ仯޼ҲӲٵ˰벽ڡѪڸְ֮ҵĵġػߡڱ˵ȫǼҳ㷹Ҳóġ
ְҵ׵ʵоԵİһײСԼһȻֶδֱ˵㱻ײ϶Ҳ˽ǣ϶ɶ󰭾ǣСӇNɪĳͷɡ
ֲ֪ȡԼȴҲµӦȻ۾ǶԼĲһԼȥأ
ˣܴۺúȡĺá
޼Ǳһ߹۲ֵܵı仯һ߰ջ̤˼׼ͻȻը׶ߵıײǡС㡱ʱ
ҹȴڵк룬Ѿε֮ʱ˽յ۾
ԭĺɫͫףɲȫֳһѪ֮ɫͫƺŷķתһ㣡
ǲĶһۣܿȴһԼ궼ҪѪսȥĸоһҪеĳ嶯
ȫ޷ѿԼƿ
вɾȫ֪ʲôǰҲûй˾
ֵͬĹУԼѾˣһͿֳܷʤɱУǰ־޴ͣȫԵģ
Ϊʹõʵ̫ˣʵ̫Ե˲Ϣɣûľ񲨶Ӱ쵽壬ѾԼ屾ܣھʱенɢЩ
һ˿ͣʿ̴˵ȴȻģ
ʱҹҲ˿ûע⵽Լ˫۾ס˶Էʶص㣬ȫעǰһ档
Ѫͫעһ֮ʱǰĳȴƺͻȻĻָһ㣬еһжѸٵķŻ
һй켣һĶƬΣƽƬһһŵľͷһ㣬֮й켣ɣԼһӰ̬ȫ˳
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Ҳĳ˽ܿ˵ƣֱֶȥ
ǰҹȴƺԤϵһǰƲͷƿһ֣ĳķ˼Ϸ
䣡
ײɳ֮У˴Ƭɳ
ֱ仯ԭѾԱߣӲջ׼ײҹƵ޼˶±ˣ˸ݣʲôײе


7 
ɳ󣬳һƬžžͱһơ
ʹʹʹ
۾ֳŶͷһڵϰɳϵҹʱеԴҪˡ
̸Цܵε̼˧롣
ֻƷ֮ͫžǿʽˣҪôжϻҪԼ
ֻݣҲֻܺƽʱһܹûõݣɿҲ㲻ͼȽʱһ
һ໥ϣļӳȴǱ̬Ťĳ̶ȣҹܵľ޴ɣ
Ʒ֮ͫѪ֮뾫ĸɶ൱֮ߵģһδ״̬Ȼѩϼ˪
ټӴݷҹһֱӰԼԴ˿ĳ嶯
˵һѧһܹסһǧӢﵥʣһһǧӢﵥʵѹ֮ԴҲѪ
ҹԶԶһǧӢﵥô򵥣ǶʱӾ֮е嶼Ӣﵥʣеı仯ҲȫӢﵥʣ֡ʡ⡢νʲôб仯ȫ׼ǿѹӡļ֮У
ǧԺ÷ӢŲͬӢİķ𾭶ûôֲ
Ӵ˶Ҫö࣡
ǺεȳԹľȾ
ҹھŬʾ֭ĽЩһһԼݿ֮УҲܲסԼڴƣٶޡ
һ˿˿ڣɱĸɴԼ۾ǼһһٺˣҲùǰܵĳ̶ȅȡ
ҹԴʹҲɵ޼ӷ˻һֿħ޵ǰҹɿһ˵
Ŷǣ˼˿ǰɣСӵ־治զأһǣ˺ɢɢˣû˼Ŵе𡣡
һ˵ŻһЩͷĻʾԱΧ۵ʰɢ
޼ڶ鵱еľȨԱߵΧȺҲܵ˵
Ͼƽˮ׼ĵʰ߶飬ͨԱжΪְҵǿߵĶӳˣȻԻɣֻ뿪ʱ򶼻Ϊ˷ܵŸղǳԾ
ǿԼݼѿľʳˣȻһʿ̴Ϯ˰˼ʿ̴ӣӵдеĿҲ֪ʲô̶ȵʽȻܹЧ
ᣬԼδ滮ˣл֮ɫƺڴԼδҲܴﵽˮƽоͰ۵ļ
ȻⲢܿˡ
ͷ
ɫЩӵĽܿˣ촽ЩӣԼԵͼʿ̴ӵѹһֱ԰ĵطûԽͬҲڣվҲոһղϰһ
һЩŹļӵܣʵҲܽܣϾԴ̫࣬似ʽԼеֻѣȫ޷ȡ
ɻոյһζԾһԼ궼սȥĿֲѪͫжȻ̫׼սƣЩζ
ٴλζ궼ҪɵĸоȻǲԾĴ˸һ˿ϸɲĿ־塣
ôҲѵһ𣬱ģҲԩ͵͵ŶСӦǾ˱ȽϡеѪ֮
޼ǹЦĽܿ˵ļˬʵϢɢ˽ܿ˲ٵƣ󻹹صѹ˵ƫƫ̫ѨҹҲˡ
ʼΧ߶֧ǲ̫뽫ҹй¶ȥ
ˣ²Ҫ˵Сȱ飬Щ¶ûɶôرû¡
ǼüŪ۵ʾһ½ܿҪܺ漴޼ԴζĶվҹ˵ú߲΢˴ȵ˼ʱҲɫ΢˱䡣
Ȼ˵㣬ʱ򻹻ЪԳ飬Ҳ޼΢һºҲ֣ԼѪ֮˾֪Ļȷʲô¶رԼϻһЩ鷳¡
ܿ˴ʱҲָ̬Ͼһλḻʿ̴ˣοԼĻǶģ
¶ԶԷܹѪһ˿ۣͬҲûʧȥĶ
ҲԣҲһܳɹģԼڲʮֻ꣡ҪͻƵżʿ̴ӿŶĻһܹɹתְģлᣡ
뵽ܿҲսȭͷ

СӣˣӦóûɡ
ҹָ˲٣ֻʣһЩ֪Ǹ»Ǻ֢ЩѣΣһ߱ԼƤţһ޼Ҹ棬̾һļʶ㾹ȻܹԼѪ֮Դ֮ʱ
ٶ·Ӧǰӵ޼ȴ߻صǰ׳һѳ
ʶĽӹ׶ĳ֮£ҹԵĸеһвһ˿Ȼ
Լʻ᲻Ծ³Ȼ˵ⳤᣬԺԶóҲ֤ʵһ㣬73.4
ôضԵνһ³ȻﲻЩڵĳȻǲ˽ع
ӹعҹ״ҲЩͷɶ˼ڹԼԭҲǴڻ֡ˮ׼ѣȻĿǰԼ˵ԭóĽҲǴһδ״̬
УСӻҪҴʲôҶ˺òá
޼ڳһı顣
ʲô
һ߽ӹҹһЩͷԵʶ˵
Ѫ֮۾ûɡ
ǿںܲϸָҡš
ҹһ֡ⲻϻĪı顣
Ȼ֪֣۾Ѫ֮ɾǶ졢Ұӽǡֱ桢΢ЩתְĿ겻óġǴ⾫ϸרҵ˺ðɡ
޼һѿһеĶҹ˵ѯ˽ܿһЩսϸں
ѾԶԲԼֵܱԷͻȻɫ۾¶Ӷ˽ϴʧ󱻶ԷĶʶĳ似ǴεĽ
˵зϵȷûеĳ̶ȴǲԶˣܿ˿˲ܵ˾Ķᣬ嶼û̫һֱάֱתţҹҲѹûһ㽣⼸ط֮£ҲóһرĽ
عҹ۽ǳ鴤Լ˰ļһҲǰͰˮε϶˵ˣѪ֮óְҵʦʲô
ͬҲΪһĺϢ˵һͫѪ֮ѶǽΪϡеѪƺᱩ¶Լһ
ԭ׼ڷ޼ҹԹԵı죬ƺĬһðɣʵԼ˵ùýࡣ
ԭ˵ȷóȻԼֻЩĥӡǵļ仭ѣֻͨʹõĹһ𲽵㣬Ǽ仭ָ·΢ˡ
ĿǰԼⲻѪ֮ᱻʽѹƵս5ʵ˵ĪĻŹںӰȫ㣬һ·ɡ
ôԼ²ʹƷ֮ͫƽʱԶóĸʱĸҲ٣ϾԶܹųֵ׼׼ʱշݣǽսǱ
ţҹһģûĸͫѪ֮ܺԼ컯Ѫ֮ȣеԼҲȷľǣܿ˺ԼսʱͻȻԼ۾ŵˣ˫۾ӵܡ
뵽ϴʽĶҹԼҲеںߣлҪԣ϶־ȾȻ¡
ϵ˿ڻûãڤҲûȾֿѪ֮Щʿ̴ݣ˵Ҫʱ䶯õĻЩԲ
ԼδǳڴģϾְҵ׺츳ģԼΨһ֪ҲͬʺԼġĿģΪѪ׵ĹϵӦܹƷ֮ͫĸá
Щϲ嵭ഩԽһһֱŵѹ
ٺ٣ЩҲǿʹԼҪΪħ֮ˡ
Сլô㡣
ֻǾոЩNɪʱ޼ȴǲһˮ
ѪҲָ˰ɡ
Щĵ˵ͷҹҲ֪˵ɶ
ôѾʿ̴Ӹÿʼѡ·ˣ׼һѡءѪڸǿߡ֪ڸٶǿѪһҲɶ飬ÿǼûʲôԺԼĸоˡ
һֽҹͱɸӣ޼ȴ˿ûԾıּŶǰȥ
ĳֻոǰ־Ϊħ֮ˣ˲飬ԺһƬ
ϴƵĻҲٴ֣һһ˥ӰסԼļԺлص
СҹţδһҪΪʦˡʦˡˡˡ
Բۣѹ˶Ѫֵ֮ƣȻרעְҵϵ·ߣǴϵת뷨ϵְҵԭ帺ɲ𰡻쵰
йҹڵõ޼ѺҲЩķ֣ԼòƲܷĴȣҪԼĿǰ̡
ԼѾʿ̴ˣþѪ֮ԼʵȥԺϲǲҪˣ
ƫƫǹڸһһͻúܣʦ˵Ҳ˫޵ְҵֻһ֮ǹȻʱյ漰൱ߡ
ңѵһ治ҿڸͿ˾ǹԽħ˫޺ʲô𡭡
ҰοһºҹĬĬٴ޸Լ·ߣ˵˶ᡣ


8 ż
ҹ磬㿴ô
һεͣϢڼ䣬֮ǰҹһεļһ׻кεı鿴ǺưٰģľǰɳصҹСʵ
ۼʶʿ̴ӵҹϮ˰˼ǿߣλȥòͬڼ˲͸ߴԼ֮ǰǴζԷƷдҲ
ˣҲ˼˵дʲôˣںļϢУԼԹԵȻҹָԼơ
ǰֽ׶Σϰķ˵Ļھ鷳ˣҲԼĿϣѪꡣ
Ŷոճˣʵսͨϰʱãⶼ˳ɵ״̬ûֱӳˣþҲ
ɨһۺҹҲѵ
Ա֮ǰһ뼪ָʱæңǰֽԱ߹۲ʱȻ㹻ʱҹԼȡݣӶֶԷеĲͬ
⼸죬Ҳʱ޿̵ԭ˵һЩս棬ǰ˵ƾԼƽʱҲȡĸֲҲаղѪ֮£ƾܼˡ
Էͬ£
һпʱ͡¡ĴɳӣҪҲǲӦŸµ仯ٴγ֡սյ
ҲʼȲˣŻϵĴλڸ฽ġ֪ڸţڸҪԡ
ְҵְҵģְҵ۷ڸȫۺĵģȺ˳ȴ൱ҪΪÿһڸģǰڸٴνǿһ۵ְҵڸĺһ۵ڸģԼӳЧ֮
Ҳְҵ׵
Ʒ֮ͫҹҲǺѡˡ֪Ϊһڸǹһ֪ڸĻĳϣȷְҵĴ
Ȼ֪ڸĺҲ˵ֻӳɸ֪ȫλʻǶǿģǸ֪Ϊ԰ˡ
ͬʱ⼸ϵ˿ҲΪǿĶʻָ˲٣ֻͬϵİʮķ
֧ʰĶƽÿ춼ܼһֻħʬкһֻ˵ʳɳĮ棬޼һ߼ʿ̴Ӹɱˡ
ǳսУҹҲһ͵͵ĹĦߣְҵ׵޼˵ɳĮսսҲеࡣ
κһ߶ԶڵԼܹӦģ԰˼ĽܿˣԼܹƾƷ֮ͫǿսʤ֮Ծѹ̬޼˵ѾǼɺֲܹˡ
޼һڸְҵ˵һ˵ĿܣԿѪڸԷƵġػߡ¾ԼȫһȥҲСӶѡ
վŲƶҪɱ죬ҲѹΪ߼ʿ̴ӵĽܿ˻СʬĽܿˡֳƺȷͨǺпǿ޼ħʬġ
ѹ֣ѹÿ󶼻⼸طҪʹ㣬ǰΪ󣬻ñҹˣȻĻ۵ʱˡ
ҹЩʱ򣬼ƺǴһ˿º͸м˵ƽһʱʰĶӵ弶ʿ̴ӡ
ڲʮͷΪʱ۵һЩòˣԼΪ׵Ҹһֱעⷽģû뵽ȻԷ
Ҫ֪ʲôʽͼɣֻҪ˶˾Ϳ϶ʹģͲֱӲֻܿǰ˵ľԤУԼĻȵʱͳˡ
ΪƽļȻǮ֮˽Լǰҹ⿴ļ仰ǰ޴ġ
ҹԼ鼤ļЩеڣûо״ȻִߵѴ
Ͼ±ȲţҹԼҲһ֪ʶΪʵľż̴Ӹס
ϧǸкӰ
ļҹССһԼĵͬʱҲ΢еСϧ
ֿʼйһͬʼ׻ðɣԼȱӦᾭҹ֪ǣǰҲֻн֪һЩ鱨եˡ
ŶӳѪ츳֮ѹֻѡػߡְܵҵ
ŵĵ˵ͷҹƺ֪˵ʲô˵֮Ҳ൱ڵһѪ츳ôЧҲǺʵð
ڵѪ츳ϡҲǿ෴ģȻĹ˵ǰµЩ츳ֻ˵ʤ̭ˣѶȡѶȡܺĻȵȣԼ۱ȵõżֵһ֡
ǰ֪ҼûʲôѪ츳Ҹסүүûѹĸ׸ĸǱйѪ֪֮ûлᡣ
˵вһĽ
лģѪ֮ƾѪͺţƤ޺һ̣Ŵ൱ߡ
еѪҹҲο˵ȻıȷǺõģ˵ԴԻȴǻһֳһĳ嶯
Ѫ֮֮͡˵ΪѪ֮ˣʮѪ֮߸ֵģʣµɰڿϵ¼ҡ֣֮İɲֵֹϡѪ
ȻʵδܾѪĿơ
ڼҹԲзۣû⻰еĲףΪЩ˷ܵĵͷ˵
ţҲϣˣɺҾ׼ͻļˣµԴӦѾˣ޼ӳ˽˴ɳظҡ
˶δͷܶ񣬿ҹ΢΢ЩʧΪӴӵᵽֶ
ĬƬ̺󣬲վļļ˵
һܡ
ȻҹĻû˵꣬ǰʹ׼ŽθողͣϢǷʲô״
ȻѾϰ߸ͻ״Ķ飬βûʲôԹֽĽԼıֹá
ҹԼһд衱ȨҲʱ˼ľűǰع㳯ŶǰȥҪ˽һ
ִ˶ǰеʱ򣬳޼ͽܿ⣬鵱߼ʿ̴ҲѾ
ǻ˵Цӣʲô¡
СҲ˰ʱһųų棬ǷһϿͻӶµıˣӦþǰ治ԶƵҪջˡ
ҹĵ˶ΪƵģǽܿҲǴкЦ¡
Ϊ˹̹õʰĶӣͬһЩӶ֮ҲһЩϵģϾеӶԼʣµﱻ˼ߡ
Լˣ˵ҲΪƻʲôģʱʰСˣСǮǣ˵ǮҲ̹ࡣ
Ȼ⽨ڶԷʵ㹻£򣬲ӶĳʰСӣǵͷĿ᲻һЩչǮͨ˵ħ޺öԸˡ
棬鿪ûйãͿ˼ɳӰϢӰǲԶһͷȥȥûõɳش̼ħʬ塣
һЩ֪ʶĶ񲹣ҹѾ֪ʵĻִ̼ħְܹҵǿߵʳħޣϢļ˵Уȴûҹ޼ĸо
Ҫ֪ͬǿ߲Ƕħ޻Ƕ嶼ռƵģ¾Ѫ츳ҲѣοһûС
ǰȻûгְҵףȻԵúܹϡˡ
ɳӶţǰӶţǵĳԱͺǵһܻӣųְҵײƺûϹ˿ˣ߼ʿ̴ӣмӦˡ
ڻûʱ޼ٵĽһ飬ȻǵΪҹ˵ġ
˵߼ʿ̴ӣһְҵ׶ûе£ȴɱһֻ̼ħҲ㹻˵ǵʵĬ
ϵԭʼܹ͹߻ɱԶԼǿҰһ㣬ǰЩ˶ǼΪ֡
һʵĻҲ׵Ĺӵְҵ׵ġʰĶӡ̸ˡ


9 
Ӵ޼õģŵѪȵɳһ
ɳӰµһˣֻ޷صĴ󲿶ӺҲûʲôĵվ˳٩Ƶ˵ڷͫӣǺҹͬһ塣
Ǳֻ̼ħˣ˵ðջ񲻴ôħ𡣡
޼ҲԷջ˫ȷϹϵ
Уˣֻֻǲɡ
ħƵһеƿӣԪƲƲ˵ʵﵽʳħڶħˣֻȡħ˵ʱȴдħħʱܽ⡣
ţơЩһϡ١
˵Ҳнİ취ЩƷȴ̫ãǲֱպЩܽħֵ֭˵˥ԭȵһɣȻֵҡ
ֻ̼ħʬʼҲˣ˫ռõȴɱټϼ̡ݺͶƤͷȻǱӶռˡ
̸۵ľʣµħ⡣
ΪϹϵˣ˫Ǣ̸൱Ѹ٣򵥵һº޼ͳһǮӶ˹ȥ춯ʮöң൱ڳڼֵʮ֮һ
ۣɳӶŵȻ飬˵ȷʮ֮һļ۸񣬵ԼѾ˶ӸؾͻӰжˣǴΣԣû˳ǮҲֱӶˣƽ׼ԭᶪļֵȻǲ
޼ˬ찡ְҵ״ȴãײװͷǸɶãų߶öˡ
һǮӣԪû޼ⷽĿڱ൱ġ
Ƶĵ٩޼һºǼҲ׼ظˣˣγջҲ
ŶˣϷһףǺݽɫ˲࣬ǸȥЩջջĻͷǸҵϢѡ
ʰö׼ĻԪɳͿ뿪ʱƺ뵽ʲôͷ޼˵
ף
Ԫѣ޼Щ⶯ͬʱҲЩԥԷ˵ǺݽɫǺְܿҵǿߣ׵Ļ֪ϸóóȻȥδ֪̫ˡ
ǵп֮ľӢѧжĻ㶼ˣͨѣƺֻǹûƵεߣҹƶ·˳ֽǮǵģȥȥ㣬ˡ
ƺЩԳЦЦԪӰҲ뿪Ǹɳ
֮ѧˣȸ˵
ܲϸָ˹°͵ĺӺ޼Ҳ¶˾ģԻԪǵʵȻ˵ԷжͿˣ֧൱
ֶ棬ջǸܸܵģ齨ʰĶЩҲûΣϧˡ
ԷĻж⣬ټʵԼӦΧ˰Ǯӽȥһ·˼λҲûʣˣĿǰջؼҲ
ûʲôԸصشʰĶӵע⣬رǶԷʵݵ¡
Է˿ûεټ켣ɳĮ޼׷޼Ϊף߼ʿ̴ҹְϰɵ̽ɾҵ˶ԷֻСӡ
ĸˣֻĸ˵ĶǻԪĺݽɫ
ҹԶԶĿһѩһĿ຺ӣһظһӾͽһֻɳĮ濳ҹ͸еȶе㶶
ɳĮΣԲ̼ħôȶǸ߼ʿ̴ӵмְҵǿߵʵȡ
ô޼ȥԸҲ赭д˵޼ְҵйأȴҲ㹻˵ԷСӵǿˣ
̸ҹԴıĸܵ˶ԷǿֲٶȣԼһɷȻĪŤ·
ͨԷһ˵ĳ֣ҹѾܹжϳֵҪǿ޼٣ʣµ˾λδ֪Ŀ˵Լֱܹӽֵ˶û취жġ
ǰ۲鿴޼㹻üͷ˵
ŲǸӷϿһżħѧͽλһǵְҵսʿǹսŮװʿʥʿҲְҵˣ׽ǸСӹǺһػʵǿȻǱصˡ
ܿԺҲͷ˵
ʵһֻ֣ǳ֮ѧǾӢѧ˵СӾȻݳӵϡеľżħѧͽ룬ǸսʿŵѿǰݳƷȻҲϲȫ᲻򡣡
ֻעǳֵĺݽɫõ޼ѺҹҲʼ۲
ǸǸȥЩֵĿҰӣ˵Ȳ޼ôŵȴҲ൱ˣһֱɵЦţ΢һɵʵȴ൱ˡ
һƯС̺ޱǴһɫĳۣ۵ıžſŴСһǵ㣬ϳ۵ĵɫǿһ㣬Ӧþ޼ħѧͽ־ˡ
۶Ӧϵ˵żħѧͽͬҲδְҵףûǹְҵģϱǺ;żʿ̴ӶԵȵģڷʦϡУԼʦֵֹĸֶΣżħѧͽλСеö֮һְҵǿ߻ߣ
޼СϵĻδְħѧͽ
ҹֲ뵽ԼѾħ֮룬ʵʵȽְҵ˵ɣĻݿ΢ǿѾλڸ฽ġ֪ڸʼɶˣϰʱԸоƷ֮ͫ£̬ҲЩ߼ָտɴ
ֻо۲Ұͷһʱȴ˲㶣˳Ľɫһɫ׺ǡôȹ׳£Եøҫۣ¾Ĵ䣬˵֮Ժƭԭȥҩ滶Ҫ۲١
ȻΪעĻǶԷ䣬²Լ
ʮְҵףѾǣһǼǹְҵ
ְҵÿһöģٶǿкһΣͬʱȡºĶӦڸȻϲͻְҵʱɱ䣬ۺʵȴǻᷢʱ䣡
رǶǽǣǽʱڸ΢ϵʵԣֱԴְҵ׵ĳм͸߼
ԲۣԱһºҹʱ͸оԭ츳ԭˣǰڹȥˡ
룬һĸףϴƵż˵
ţ
Ļ档
͸еһ߳ܶе
һ룬˹̹ǣǰ߼¼žǿϵ¼ҴԻ͵μʮͻƵְҵףʮͷȴѾﵽְҵ۷壬Ѿڸĵǿߣ
ƺΪŮˣŮ츳̫˲Ŷԡ
Ҫ֪ȥʮְҵ׺ʮְҵײֻо꣬ǰʱ䣬ʽʱͨʮңһ꣬һȴʮ꣬ʹˣ
ǸոͻƣѾ۵ڶöڸˣ⡭
οְҵһ׶Σͻƺʣᷭʣ˫ĲҲһ¾ˣͨһĲ඼ԾǷ·ϼȥ̸֮ˡ
֪ðĹ̥
òţȷ൱ˬۣǰϿôҹһֱſȥһ˧ҲڵԱֺˡ
ż䵱ԭҹʶĶָƯŮһų;裬ǸɯѾˣǰ죿
ŮѶû̸Сլôܲ£һԼʲôе뷨ݽȥˣǾ군ľԲа
ԼϿɻҪöһӵܵġ
ϸ˵Ȼ΢㣬츳϶ҲҪλʮͻְҵ׵Ŀϵ¼ҼģǸ˧꿴Ҳûʮ꣬츳ӦǽλŮġ
֮ǰһֱеǸų˹̹һŵĿϵ¼ҼԼͷϵһɽȴͻȻʲôʮͻƵְҵ׵ġšʵˣ
Ȼԭ˺ųʮﵽʿ̴ӵ츳͸òˣȥ˼ҵӹƶᱻš


10 ε
ɳĮĿǸﰡ⻹ôֲ̫ʺﻷûҪͽ鷳
ϱһСԲ̧ܵ꣬⣬ЩԹ˵ͬʱʱʱԱߵĽʿŮƺΪΪԷһϧûеõκλӦ
֮ҲƺΪźǽƳ츳⣬Ҳ൱
ԹδʱһֿǱ˳
˵ŴС㣬ǼһֱǵļһﲻҪǰɣҪҪΪǿ
նɱһֻɳĮְҵսʿٰĵǱظʬԴѰſֵܳħˣһߵѩһȺƷЩ˵
˵һͷĴȣʼ׼ųˣһԻӡ
ñ׼ڵ겻ɸееƣҶɵòҲ԰뷨ɣԵ¾ȻҲòҪ׽ɡ
ֻһְҵףͲȥӦǵײʰˣᡣ
һֱĬĬվһߣԵһ˿ĽŮʿûκλӦҲû˿飬ҲԼԲУԱС̺ƯڴŰ׸մʦѧͽΪĻشһ䡣
вûʲôм˼̻䵭ĮȻȴǱȲмԣƺѹͲԱ͵ļһ㣬һֶԼʵľţ
ţһȺͼʰ߶ѣҲҪǼһЩǲҪѡ
粽Ůʿߵ˧꣬عҲ¶м˵Ҳ͸¶һָ߸ϵĸԽС
ֻλʦѧͽĮԴֱӿڱʾмһԱƸǵ˵㣬Ҫ˵ʲôԱŮעɡ
Ȼľ룬ҹǼȴǲ֪ѾΪǲҪԼһС壬ֻЩ۵ĿǵϻŴʬ塣
˵ΪħˣʬԴϡˣȴ±ȺһҲΪֵǮݡצӡβƤ⣬ܹϵҲֱӽˣӶǶʬûȤˡ
֮䣬һϢҹһɾǣ뵽֮ǰŴ󱳰Լȫҵȡ
ǻǴСЪټ̫ǿ޼Ǽ˶׼ߣֱȥʬˡ
ӵְҵʵħް޼òµġ
գ˹Ȼûǰ׵ȺʧǼ̺ʬϵľΪʰĶӵսƷͷǰ棬¾ʹ޼ʣµĹǣչǮʡˣⲨҪץˡ
Ψһĵľ֧ٶ⣬ϾԷ٣ʵǿ൱ʰĶӾ̫ӷˣԥҧһº޼˾ǿʼǰȥ鿴ϵıţϵ֪ͨԭ·ء
Զµмʿ̴Ŀ޼Сӳڸǲ̫ǵİȫ⣬ڰҹڵˣǸϼ©
һƱģ
˵ֻӶСӵĹģֻʰĶӵľҹڱٽĻⲻ󣬼Եѡְҵ׵ħޣ˵ջ¿ܱ֮ǰĶ
˵ݳΪ˵Ƴħ⣬ö²١
ˣ޼ͶΨĸ߼ʿ̴⣬ֻҹ۲Ѫ֮ˡ
ΪԼسǿ϶ǲУټ޼ľ֮ҹҲûоܾ
Լڿ˵Ƕ˽ٵĿܹԭ˵ļ仭棬ȴҲΪǰרע׵ϴԶ൱Ƭ档
һεж˵Ҳܳʶ
ԭŵĻȫȡ£ƽ̯ϺʰĶҲǲˣڴ󲿶ӻȥҲѾ׬˲٣ȥ©ջһεĻӶִǮ졣
˵ھ޼ˣһֻӶСӣְҵǿ볬˹̹Ǿ󲿷ֵӶ顣
һ·ϣҹҲֵֻᣬһϽ˵̬ȣʼλǰһЩҰ֪ʶ˵޼ǰܸҹһεĽܿˣЩ涼ӵҹ޷ֲĲ࣬Ʋ۵һЩС⡣
βеСʵ߾پʱ䳤Ҳ϶޼ûһֱȥɶԷһ·ȴͣͣ൱еӣȻһֱ춼׷ٷΧڡ
βеļҹǸĻԭͲӣڵİһֻɳǵļ⣬ɹʼ֪ͨڸмֱ˸߼Ϊ߼ʿ̴ӣ
̴ƽ̴ܴﵽļޣ߼̴ӵĿҪϡٵĶ࣡λҲҪߵö࣡
һ߼̴ӵĿְܹҵв
֮ǰ޼ػߵҹʲô󰭣ͻƵ߼̴ӺȴҲѾ߱˺ְҵǿߵǿȣ
ʿ̴δ׵Ľ׶ͻƶ󣬾޼Ҳûз쳣˵ѹͲᳯⷽȥ롣
ǰǲһǴͻƵٽ㣬ҲôͻƣϵǿĲլڼɺǸ߼УլǷϵҪ;
ϵ;ǻɱͬħޣնԷʱɢľ²ܻɱ˫ѪڵĲɱΪٶҲԶֹĺҪĹҲǼӿջɱĿɢԼ־ͬʱ䣬Ȼʱ䲢ûнʲôЧɱҹӦ޷١
̴ӵ߼Ͼһżô򵥡
ֻҹȫĸ൱ǿľ£ЧȲЩ߼Ϊȫ壬ʹѪʳ棬ʳоѪȴԶԶɵЧ
״̬£ÿ첻ԽĳŸ߼ѪʳٶȵȻҲ൱ɹۣҪ֪ǰĸݽɫһ·߹ȥ˲ְҵ׵ħʬҹǰ׶ܹɸ㵽ֵġ
µ֣ûصĸҲûô죡
ͨڸڸڸ߼żʿ̴ŬҲǳɹְҵ׺ºǰͬλǰк׶ε֣ѡԼ·ߣΪְҵĴû

ְҵĵ·ͨ˸֪ڸȷ綼оһˣ۾ƺийٶõǿ֪Ʒ֮ͫûмǿ˵Ǹ֪ڸҲͬǿ࣬Ҳֽ׶ͬ·Ӧò໹󣬹ҪۺĺŻԵĲͬ
ĺһڵķŶ߻л淭̧ͷǼռ˰յ˶£ҹľҲԵЩܡ
ָոսӴ·ҲеһԺȤǰͨϷһܵõջĸоͣ
ţ
ҹ΢һ˿пʱ򣬶΢΢ոǿĸ֪ȴеɳĮһ˿΢쳣ʲôڿ׾
٣СҲӦˣεķΧ˰ͳˡ
ҹһ˿۾ڻҹ޼̧ͷһۣЦ˵ƺ̫ӡ
ʲô
ո꣬һ㶼ûΪҹԵþήңЩȵҹ΢ЩʵҪ֪ʶʱ
εߣ뿴ĻȥɳƣǰûһҪһĵطŻֵģģûʲôвҲöˣơ
޼ȫû˼˵
ҹɳĮȰȫˣ뿪ѵַΧһɭɭĺҹĺëЩȻȺǡ
վɳϿŲԶĿεӰ
ȫưܸãϵѱɣһù̵Ķɫ鲼棬ȫõĲĹϣĵ˿ڻԿɭɭ׹ǣ
ˣȥˣȥȴȻܹƶˣ
飡
ʱҹԺвԾٴɳĮ֣ɳĮ
ڴʱҹ۾һУ˰յɫӾȴԼԶɳƺͬһӰ۲
ûѪɫķɫ¹Ե԰ףǿķ۱紵һƮ·ε߿˿顣
Լ˸鵱еʦѧͽ


11 Ӵ
ǸʩⰡġ
ְҵ׵ǿߣҹȻҲܽ¶ҴŵģϾԼ˿ǸŶԷĶ飬ǵľʵ϶ǳԲ˶ߡ
ͷͽԼֵ޼λҲ¶˵ȷĸı飬һ߲ŪŻһ߸пƵ˵
ⷨʦүô˶ûϢ
ֻĵط̫԰
ιιûʱɭģĶǸɥʬ
ҹ޼ȻԷ˯û˯ҲЩץ
ɥʬεݺаС㾫̫ˣȻħѧͽʦүǷʦүϲоһЩֵֹĶΪĵȻܶ࣬òһˣעҲġ
޼ҹ׽ҲЩЦƵ˵һһġ
㲻е鰡鰡Ȼ٣Ҳ֪ʱֽ̳ģһа鷨ʦأ
ҹǲΪ޼еһһȭ򵽿մܸС
а鷨ʦŶǵЩаͽĸ˿϶ǵģиʥʿԱߵɶͨ鷨ʦҲɭ˵㣬аҲϹɡ
֣ǶǼǧǰˣԴ׹˳ڵ֮󣬵kѾǱӻ֮һˣȻŷk˲࣬ɷ鷨ʦӦߺͼȹʦɫ
޼ȻʧЦĿҹŵӣûʲôͷĶһ£Ҳǣ¶ε˵֪Ҳ
۽Щ鴤ҹ޼Ļ֮󣬶ʱһ۴ҵĸоûиʲôʱ鷨ʦôְҵˣ˼ǣȷӦûһЩ˸ġһǡ
ҹҲ޼˽⵽ˣƬɳĮԴɳĮһʱ
󲿷ֵǳֱбݻˣסϴĸ桱ͶΪʣµҲͱ
ϾǺҹĶܹݻĴﲻԸеַգҲ㡣
鶼̫ˣĲ൱٣۸Ҳǰײ˼ۣĸϳһЩҩҪö࣬ȻûȥעˣƬɳĮҲ˹̹ǵһӶʰߵ
СӾԲҪĵطȷҪۣҲȷͨ鵱޺Ķ¼Ԫʧ߻ĹҺͳȻʤ
޼һ͹Ļβ֪䣬Ѿһƹʣ÷ӦҹһֱߵĸоȻոͻƾ񿺷һ£Լһû˯û޼ְҵ״ֵľ桭
һȦЩήҵҹڰһֻĸоļŶ飬ռļʮƺҲ˲١
ӣû´Ļ˹Ϊ˸飬ƺоʲôӦ֮Ŀ񡣡
˵޼ͷ϶ҹĵ˵û⣬վǴĥôˣ˵ŲҪ廹Ǻܳʵ˲ٽ䱸صصĹ۲췽ҲԼƲĸݽɫĴĿġ
ȷﶼʼεˣ˵ЩĻΧִһȦǱ߳ʲôôȻ֮˶ˡ
ܿ˵ϴдܸҹȴҹϲϵģ޼۲ǿڲ䵽
ΪʰĶӣǶڻı仯Ϊеģ˵εߵȷǺͨСɫʿ̴Ӿܹ㶨ǰλõȴЩͬ
ôĥʶಢ̫ųͨ鷨ʦȻ飬ȴȻǱŸ߶ȵľ裬ЩΪߵĹжĿ
˵ǰֻǲ۵С仯ϸոշʱ޼ĵһ仰Ҳô⡣
ټĸ֮ľӢפоȻǲһЩ롣
Ǹͷڳȥ𣿡
һֱɳ϶Զ˵ҹǸ϶ڵддɳӵķʦѧͽ춢ˣ˵޼򵥽͹һ£ҹȻǾɫҰ׵ļһ⣬ֻǾ۾ᣬ׼תͷŮһµʱȴƲǸͷкЦųԼ֡
ǲȷѯʡ
ȥɣжĻ벢ܱ֤ȫʲôǵЭ
ֻǳƬ̣޼͹˾ҪԼʲôˣǵݺ͵λ˵ĲöԼʲôǡ
ڵȷˣóóȻܾ˵Ƕ˶Է
ңۣħ޲ϴ붼Ըʰȡļһǳֿ϶൱µġ
޼Ųһص㡭

ǿ˵ǻİɣĸԸЭǵģǱȵΧͿʼŵʰߣҲ֪֪ˣûбǸӺʵĶˡ
ͷҶͣ»ֱֵۣĿŻɳӵķʦѧͽ϶һҡ˵˵껹͵͵ԱûİŴС㣬ƺǵԼ
ȻˣλӢˬŮʿʱƺЩķУûжᡣ
ţȻʵ˵㣬⼸һĿɿԴûģʵ⴦Ҳ򵥡
ë¿ǴӶɳ߸ļˣƲ졣
һߵķʦѧͽ϶ֹͣɳϵĿ̻ɫЩĿŵ棬ص˵
¼ЩǵϣµʦҲϵĳķչ˵ĻȷЩ
ԭǰɳرָճһ¸ӵħģڵ㴦ħˮѹ
ȻʱħѹŵļħˣȴȫѿǿźĺˮѾȫ˷ĩֱ仯ʦѧͽɫЩ
ֻҶƺԴﶼ˼ļһڵ϶Ļȴƺе̫ףͷƵĲץԴһɻӡ
˰ɣǾżѧͽⷽרң˼ҿǵְҵ۷ʽʦ˹̹Ѿ˼ʮˣôҲܱոյСѧͽȥɡ
ҶôֱĻ϶ն˵
ԲģǰȷŻ磬ΪǰֲףӶ֪ѧԺʦѵû֣ǰɣʦס鷢ʵ̫ɺ
ǰԼⱳǱвڰæ֪ͨѧԺģո֪ͨͱǳ鷳УӹɣʦסˣҲֻɺϣϵ쳣ħȴ˵鲢ô򵥣쳣ʲôħڣΪɵģ
ʦվǷʦ»ֻһѧͽ϶ѧѾ൱Ķع۵㣬̽Ҳɡ
ëҲͷͬ˵
εˣǲСûϾħ϶רҵʿ
úúãԴû⣬˵㡣
ԽԽӺȻҶǴֿĴе㿸ס˾Ͷ
ҹǼ˹ʱȴҲ˵϶ǼնĻո꣬ҹһֵͷߵĳ嶯
走ʲŸոջЩ̥ǣ۶С첲Сȵ߼ʿ̴ţΪʲôĪľʲô˲õ棬޼쵰̫Ǯۿˣ㿴Ҫ˰ɡ
ĬĬḹŵҹû꣬˶޼ƺԵЩĵ
λүС㣬ʲô龡ܷԸֻҪΧڣǱ֤񡭡
ͷһǿ׶ߵľģʱ御İڳһ̬ϵĴ˫һпӣ¶һֹӵЦб顣
ոȥ㵽ûǵĻȻô򵥵׽ˣ
ǽʰĶðյĳΪʲôиõԴͱ꣬ȻһֱĲڻǮȡԴô
ֻǾҹͷһֱоʱߵĽܿǼᶨĮȴλԵʮһͺƽ˴
ֱڣͻȻеԭ˵ĸԼǰЩʰǣ˵ͨƽǵļ븶
Լһν뵽ʰĶӣϸոתĴԽãͬʱŸĺʸУϾ޼ڣͨʰĶӲпһ沢ûй֣Ҫ·;̴ۣӵԼ˵㲻ʲô
ԼʸУȴǽܿѾȫľ˵ĳ̬ǱǳԵǻˡ
Լڵ̬־ȣȴǱȾöԶֱʱҹԼԼܵΪʵĸд뵽ԼĽɫ붨λ֮С


12 ն
ħħˡ
弸ϻƻǼˣֱ׹һöС޼ҲΪֱִ¶һ˿𾪵ɫ
ֻнλħ޲ſħˣҴ󲿷ʱȡܽ⣬Ѱħ˼۸ҲֵʮңҲǧң
Ľҹ൱֮ǿģ֮ͭǰλ㣬һһ׳ĺͭҾ򵽣޼ʰĶӼʮγ´ȥջҲңһЩԳɱ
ʰĶȻȲӶӵҲƽ̴Ǯ;ο޼ʰĶӱջЧʾҪߣ
ҹһһöħˣջѾµȫջ
Ϣǽ޼ְҵòУħ˵ȫӰЯʱԼٱһЩλħ޵ĲϺɻȥȫ׬ˣΪʰʰĶԱԼˣʣµĲϻȥʱܶˣƷҪ
漴εı鶢갬µ֣˶ˣûɲԼ
ĶҾͲˣõ϶ɡ
ͿڴƺͿ˵İ£ǶԼԼͬ黹Ҫ׳ֵĴͷʼ˵
۵Լһ˿ĵĲмöħ˶ѣȻǰļͻƵְҵҲڸ뵽ĵͼ
ţָϴҩ˵ֵĲƷҲƷʲһƿˡ
޼ЩСʧʱʦѧͽ׹һ֧ҩ˵Ļȴ޼ӹº¶һ˿ϲɫ
ָϴҩԼһƷ
˵ֵ²дƷҪٽ𣬲ְҵϴҩˣ˵ϡеĳ̶ȺʺԼĳ̶ȣ˹̹ǺѸ㵽Ļˣ
ܹ޸ϵְҵ尵˵һҩΪػߡְҵԼ˵Ǹ
ҩʦ
СĽˮƿ뻳У޼һ˿𾴣Ϊְҵǿߣڻδ׵ѧͽ𾴣
ʩߵݼӳɣҩʦҲ൱Ҫһ
ʵʦܹĵλϡ⣬Ҫԭǵĸо罫ħ޲ϡϡԴʲôѼܹЩΪļְҵУ󲿷ֶͷʦйء
ħᡢҩ𣬶ǻͬ޴ļʩרҵҲֻаĴؾ٪Ĺѧܹǿˡ
ϰĶѣƿǿҲʽҩʦˮƽˣҲ൱ŪǼϵúõĻȥԺħ˸ңҲ԰ǳһµְҵϴҩɹʲұ֤ƷЧҲҪʽҩʦĲϼ֡
ȻƯС̺ûĵ϶˵ƺûΪԼĳɾͶմմϲҲûпԷıģֻһֵĮ
ĳŵȴҲýܿ˵ȼλ߼ʿ̴¶һϲɫҹҲЩۡ
Ҫ֪ڻҲҵӣΪһƿʵְҵϴҩ
˵ƷͨƷʶ൱ļ۸࣬ҩһʽʱӴѪ֮ľѸʣˣ˹̹ǵķʦһڳѧͽֵĲдƷҩȻᱻƽ׼ʿ̴Ǻ
϶ĳŵ˵˵⼸߼ʿ̴ӵĿϣҹΪĶĻԼĿǰʵ׬Ǯٶȣܶھżʿ̴֮ǰȡ㹻ȡѰϴҩĲƸ
˿޼ҲǸпı飬ʼ
ǲ֪Ҫҵʲô
δʽʼֱӸ˴ĺô˸мֵĳŵԿԷιӶˣͬԶԷʵȻӣεѶȻ൱
֮ǰܿ˻ΪûʲôƽߣҪץסһпԼĻᣬܹԼԴ
²ϧҲҪɣ
ⲻΪɹۣΪǰǸʦѧͽѾǼϰҩʦһ˫ĹϵлĻԼ׼òϺͱҲܶһ·
ڷʦү˵һ㶼һоרҵΪʦϡٵԵʣͷҲŵʵ̫ˣܹͶԷʲôֻܹ꣬߾УԼҲиѼϵıͷ
ȻԷǫ˵ֻǼϰҩʦܹڽְҵ֮ǰﵽ̶ֳȣ㹻˵Է츳ˣ
Ҫ֪
ְҵ׺ʣǻᷭģǾԵź츳ѧͽʱھȫ¶Ӧ÷ְҵ׵Ŀϣ
鲻Ҫôʵûʲô˵ģֻһѣΣĿԲֻҪǳ䵱һնѣģڱϲʲôΣյġ
޼ǿȥе㶺ȵļ⸫ͷҶǿĵ˵˵΢е㶺׳ƺýӴģദһҲоԷְҵǿߵѹȡ
ëĸ伸дϣʥʿĮʦүȻƺô򽻵ɹȴʥʿС椲࣬Ҳ⿴ȥܺ޼ȼĴ㡣
ǲ²⣡ѾȷˣȷʵΪ
ֻҶĻûȫ˵꣬϶ͺܵһϵתͷһҹ˵
һ˵ûڱϣΣĿԲǲҪȥֻҪһ֤ĲԼɡ
֮ǲԳ棬˵֮⣬ҪĻǵʵὫеĶŵòҳ֣ûĻҪԵв̶ȣҲǶְҵ׵ĲΣֻҪǱɱǾܽӦϡ
վһ˫ۣҹͻȻһҲеħƺĲôãЦնһͲʲôɻ¶Էظĵ죬Ҳ޷ڸеΣԣȻǲڱ
֮ͬǰܿ˵Ļк޼ľٶҲҹһЩȾӰ죬ȻǶԣԼҲûɲУ
Ҫҵؼҵ·ĶûеĻǻɵҸطˡ
ңնĻԼĸ֪滹вСƵģǰΣĿܣԼһˣΪʵĹϵȻΣգԱ߿ŷͱΪְҵסػߡ
ټԼعΪҪֶΣԼӦǼ߼ʿ̴֮ȫһ
һɹҩͿֱӽְҵǰĺ֮ǣ
ϾԼѪҲѾˣټĿǰҼӳɣԼѰϴҩͻˣ


13 Ļ
ȻѾ˹ʶҲѾˣҲӦ̹һ°ɣҽһ£޼ˡѪڸۺĵػߣڶڸѡġȻûۺģҲѾٵò࣬ھܳԷҩڶöģѪ츳ѾѣǸ֮
ƽһ޼ҲʼҵıͬԷȻǸŮʿǸķʦѧͽóʷģͷһ׵Ķ
˫ȫǸЩǵëϡ
ŶһǺڵػ߰Ѫ֮ȻѪƽ˵㣬Ҳʵá
Ƕ֮Ҳܹһҽа£ְҵǡػߡѪڸۺģѪûѣ߼ѪѶȵȷҪ㲻٣ԤҪǵʱܳԳɹ
ǸͷļһҶȻȥ̫ףҲְҵ׵ġսʿѪû˵ƺҵĴ࣬Ǽһе϶żʦѧͽ츳ҲǿǿְҵڣҲĸֹʩϣֻҪ׼ʱ䣬Ӧ֮ǿġ
λŮʿ֮ۺʵǿˣţְҵְҵʥʿڸ֪öģԼǹĺģף͹⻷ҲѾգ֮е֮
ԭѧԺĿҲΪ˹̹ǵĳפʦ´˽ڷƬɳĮжɳ쳣Բ֪֮ͨѧԺĺѣĴӵʦɣʦ
Ȼһһ߼ѪֳԽε̬ȵҲû̫ߣܰŵʱҲβס˰Ľɫ˵ŵĶһº󣬱ҲǿһǴ˴εĿ
ϸĥĻȴǷ֣˿ڸͨսҲ۲⣬ʲôȴֻǴҴҴûϸ˵˫֮仹һķҡ
˵󣬰Ҳܴȵ㹻ʱͿռǰӶļϢڲͨ
ڰ½ܰŵʱҹҲûݺݵĶ˶ԷۣŮȷ۵ͬʱҹΪעĻǶԷְҵ
ʥʿͬʱӵʿˡǹĺģħ˫޵ְҵԼδķ
˵ʵ˵ְҵϲñȵùսʿʿְֻҵǵȴҪö࣬ҲҪǿöֶ࣡ζ
֮ǰŶԷļҹҲѾ˽⵽ˣʿʥʿźܴƣǿ˹ǹʿ
ʿǹǸϵףģһԸķֻӰģÿϵʥʿȴԼʵʵʵģѶҪö࣬ҲɵĶȻҲӿ츳
һɫȹףһ濰ߣȫɱĻضܣֳŵ˫־޽ӣҲҹЩࡣ
ӣƺǵʹ˫־޽ţϸȴһ㶼ŶҲǵһְҵѡڸʿܹʹװ
ְҵ趯϶ҲܹõҪȴǲУټǰĻزҪѹƽŶ
Ҳ֪ǲҹʪĿ̫ˣһֱûʲôʾİתͷɨһۣǺ챦ʯһ㴿ҹֱ
ףһֱС椾ȻԼѵǸеԼرѵǶԼܺ棬ѵǶԼ࿭
ҡԴYY˼˦ԺҹҲʵʼԤҪԣҩѪܵĽѵϵԼּֽ׺˼롣
ߣСӣûһ
ҹʧĶԼĿеŮ񣬰¶ʱŭԭֻεıģʱȴҲȫû
ָ߸ϵĲм̬ȣҹĵҲһջ𣬲վʵ̫⣬ҲǿֻǺһ߿޼
ȡСӣȻ˼Ư˵㣬Ҳһֱſܲòġ
޼ҹǺεֱŶԷزԼëľ棬ײһ£ѹ˵οѵõĴ񣬿ɱͷˡ
Ǵֻͷ羰أҪɵ˵Ļ϶ûע⵽ۡ
ҹͬѹЩΪĻش𵽣ɨԼһ۰ûʲôʾôǸëһȵβ͵ӡ
ߺߣһ·˼Ҷûһʹߵӣѵ˿ֻǺԷʥʿְҵԼƫҪ
ҹ͵͵ԶԷ˸ĵĹй£١
Ҳע㡣
޼СҲƺǸеЩΡ
ֻǶʥʿЩԺҲ׼ְҵ
ҹĵ˵ԼĿҰҲûΡ
ոյҲףҪҪñ˵ؾͱҪӵ㹻ʵԼѾͻƵְҵףǶԷҲ޼ɵıʾ
ְҵֻۣҪܹѡгΪػʿͲˣǸͷȻ˵Ӱǿ׳ʲô
ҹĿ꣬޼Ҳ֪ǲǱ£Щֹ૵ҹ̧ͷ˿Щ쳣ļһҲǴΪͬͷĻ
ǿס༸üתһ˵
ʥʿȻǲ򵥰⿴ȥϸεεŮȻܹʹ͵װŮȴһŮӵİٺ٣ضѹƽˡ
˵ʱҹԵеֻðɣס˲޼˿ڣȻܲ˶ջ
ȻûСŮӡִʻ㣬ҹƴ˼ͺԵĻ޼㶺ͺܿ˹׶
ܿ޼ɫһ䣬ǱƵı飬ҹҲЩɻ󣬿ɾɻոʱ
ëŭĺǳ
С
ñˣ
ҹҲû뵽ëȻôעԼ͵˵;ԷְҵҲȻǣ
һﾹȻôסǿǻҪԼ˰æģ
ְҵǿ߾ԼĿǰܹӦ˵ģǱԼ͵ϮҪѪ֮޼޷סԼ
ߣѵǲҪЭô͵͵ǵ̸ʲôӵĹƨǣ
޼ʱҲչֳӵĵ׼ǿгֻҹϾëһػߣǷڹһ㣬ƴһ»ܹסġ
޼ɫеŹջԼǱҪֵĶ
ҹδüתʱǾͷһͬʱһƺײ
ȻһĺɫͷȴǴǰƮɫͷڳĳԼҲֻǸҶˡ
е㷢ĿƮͷȻƵĻͷǹ⻬ĶشҲҹһ˿һ˳ĸо
ͷһȦȻһƬԱߵͷȴûжٸı䣬һͺĸоȻǰĻһֻͯ󡭡
Ǹ쵰ȻԼ
һŭְҵǿֻ˺Ҳŷִ磬û뵽ԼȻҪܼһС
ʧ̬
ȻһԼе⻹ʵԼ֮ϵǿߣ
Ұ淨
֮ǰһֱڴ󲿶ﻹûֳȴǷԼҰ⾭ٵĿ£ǶԻǶˣ
εĽѵԼˣҪлԼԼϵһΣ
´ԼϣԼҲȻһΣ
˿ҹȭͷֶĿҲıǿû޷У
ҹͷܶԷʩ裬Ҫһ߲ɾڴʱȴǴ˰ԵЩƺɳƵ
ѧã㡢˵ˣСҰ;ǺαԶԼء
ԼЩ룬ҹվǻͷǷְĴɳλɳϻһԺۼ˵ƺǱɵġ
һֱŮʿС㣬ʱȴڲǰȫɱ˫־޽ϻմȾżɫͷ
ԭոնֵôǸô£λСɵģ
ӦøлһλʰʿС㡣
޼ҹ⻬ͷЩп˵͸ոհµĳ״̬ԼҹСӵ嶼϶Ҫˣû뵽λʿСȴͻȻ˽
ǿµ˫ֽҹͷϻһȦ󣬷־˳Ľ»ˣ㰬ػ߷ˣһҲúǱ


14 Ѫҩ
׹巢ʲôҹҲ΢еΣϾԼȷǱһ£λʿС㿪˸֪ڸ˵˵ȫˡ
ֻãû뵽Ȼ־Լһ£ͷϱ˵ͷǳͷɣڶԷİȴֲʲôġ
ȥȻģȷ޼˵һλʿֻΪһЩֵԭԼǶеЩҪԶˡ
Ǹʧˣʵǵ覴òӰ
ҹǷǷǸ
챦ʯһƯɨҹһۺ󣬰Ųûж˵ʲôٴתͷԼķҵС
һߵİҲҶ͵϶Ȱס
㿴ŴС㶼û׷ˣ㻹ʲô˼ҲǵǸ𡣡
Ҫ
෽Ȱ˵Ȼºݺݵĵҹۣջֹͣ˶ֵֻǼĵ
ߣʿ̴ӵĵͼǵѧʸûС
ڶԷ֮ǰ俼˫ʵҹҲˣǾԼʥʿŮҲͬˣëֺ侮ʯȴҲҹܲסͷˡ
ۣöˣ˵ŲҪȴܳʵ
ҹõһֹƺȴƫƫñˣһֶûϴɳµļԣȴһ½ҭð
뷢ȴʵץڣǾûĻôôһĸо
Ҫ𻹷˿ʵһ㣬Դֻܶݺݵĵҹһۺֿʼ۷һΧڰԱˣƺҪŮ񾻻еŭ
۷һڿİ£ԼǾԼ¶һ˿͵İţҹĵе㸹̣λСѾëܾ˲ǽſʼĻһٰɡ
Լûס嶯ּһìܣҲûʲôڣԷѾԼˣѵ˵ܽ⣿
ڶ˵ĻǣֻҪԼȡѵ־ҲöൣĶԷֱӿʵӲԼԺ᲻棿
´Լûа취ԱǱɵ͸ɵɣ
ֻѹԼɢԸ񣡻ѹΪ
ڴķլ˵üëʱǺȫԸģͷϻһֱŬȵȥľʱͱⲿѹ

ŷɹĶңͷΪҹһµĴȴͬĶǢе㶺ĸͷж͵͵Ĵָҹʾţơ
Ȼë£Ѿͼ˽ȫǿƲ׵ĸͷҶ
ͬʱҹҲ˽⵽Ҫɵ񣬽ʱƾ輸˻Ѫϵ϶ļƿӾշѪɢϢҩ
ὫǼϱջŴ
Ŀǰλãľ뻹̫ңԶĻ飬ҲӦþεּ㣬϶ĿģΪ˽һܹٿصͼĻ
ѾͨԼ̵ħ׽ĻϢǼҪľǲ׽ֻĻֽ꣬Ƿܹҵ˿Ƶľӡ
ʵԵ֤ݺǼ˵ˣΪȥȻܻø鱨ĿǰԼֱֵʺ漰״˵пܳǶ޷ӦΣҲðա
ϾȺȥǰ;үСǣûҪͨƽðȡԴ
ƻ˵ҹҲȷͬԷж˵еգ˵ĿҲСȷش⡣
ĻĹַȻ죬һºһرǰǰ״̬¡
ĻǸ鷨ʦô죿Ҳְҵ׵ķʦɣʩߵĿֲֶΣֻǸһǷʦҲǼΪΣյġ
ȻӦúܿ죬漰ȫ⣬޼ȴҲ³çǵҲȫҹҲС޼һЩַ
뵣ģȻа˳ɰտ϶ĻΪƵģʩ߿϶ڸֻĻҲ᱾ж¶Ҳ׽ˣܹĻ鷨ʦ˵ǾǼ˵̫ðˡ
϶̹ȻĻشҪԷľϵжҲȻҪĵĽ٣һԻ̬ȥȥЧȫֵεġ
ҹ뵽ԼԽĵһҪȥ⣬ʱҲһֵˣǲԤʾʲô
ˣҲͬ޷˵ͬ޼ǴӦĸԶĺãǸ۸ڶİ»ǸʥʿС㶼еЩڣ֪ǲãÿתеСţȻǱȹȻͷƤ飬С椲ȻԼǾ仰ɣǳɡ
⼸ƿѪҩƷȻֻҪĴμãѪҪȻҲûı䣬ܹڸǿЧ
޼ΪͬǼ˾ϸ̸۵ò˺ǸѧͽҲٴδӻͳ˼ƿɫҩԼ˵һȷǸҩˡ
ֻҹǴӻͳҲЩһ·ﵽ˶ϡŹֵ
Ӧǿռװ
Ա޼ЩĽĵҹеЩľ˺˵ĲΪξô֡
Ĳһ뵽ҲһߺĽոյֵƿѪҩ๾ĺȥˮһȸдʳбһĸо
ûдӿǳ궯˽ȥθȫɢȥһѪڵĸоӿͷѪŵҹоԼȭͷܹһͷ޼
⵽ʲôXҩͲˡ
ǿƽЩٵĴϢûƽ֮ʱҹҲȻķ֣ԼĻЧɣ
ѪҩҪ
ǰЧ͵ľ޶㣬ǵʱ˶ս֮ЧͻǿôƿغʹķҹҲ֧ҩԭ
ǼѪڵĸоʱһս״̬ô
ЩŹ庬ŽԿ׳ĶǣͶħѪ⣬ʱѪʢӪĵĲƷԴԴԴϣѹ˵ǸмֻҪϻбȷмﵽżʿ̴ӡ
ڻͷԼֿܿǼˣЩ̰Լ˵ˣܿǿһֱΪԴƴ
ܿǼᶨնĻﶼȻصĶߡ
һܹͻƾż̴ӣҲлܹɹתְ
һֱĲڻǮȡԴôôõҾ

ѾŶȥϣĿҲʱʱԺ
ʵ㱻µҲͬģ
Ҳ֪ΪXҩӰ죬ҹԼʵ̬ҲǱĬĸı䡭


15 ǱĬ
գŹ̵ɳĮȥһƬŤȻⲿѪҩҩЧһգȴҲͨޱҪȵöࡣ
Ѫҩ޼ǴżǷֿĿĵεڸһ·ӡ
˵ɳĮرĿŤҪأѪڵӽۿɼ
ͷðһĵ
ͨħǿУȻǺݽɫӶ֮
ȻѪӯѪ⣬ڴûп־˼άУȴڰеĵƻһ֪ͨ־뺦µ飬ǵͼҲɶ˻һӿ
ǰϾʵӰ췶Χ൱ľ룬εֻ⣬ȴһֻûУ̸߼ԼеĻˡ
Ļӵ鵱мΪеһԣ˼ά
Ѱ鲻ͬĻһӵŶΣܵټΡܡХԣ൱ϡٸԱɱһ
Ȼ֪ʶƵķʦ˵϶ֹͷҳǰеİ취
ĻرҲ޷ı鱾ԣ˵ùΣȴûǻۡ
㹻С⣬ܹճģر֧ζɿڵնУǿҲǶûʲôвһǺڡػߡ
ȻʵϣҹȴǸɵ۵εһ죬˻϶ֵǮĵͼε˼ֻ⣬ȴǺջˡ
ۼѾûƽߣǿȥռ̫ҪöѾգҹȴѾЩͲסˡ
˵޼壬ǲǹǹƴ˰һ˶Ļëûһȫֹ͵Ϯеܲˣ۵ļȥĻҪΣˡ
Ϊȷ˸ݿȻԵҹѾʼעضˣʱھ־棬ӺƽȴȻսʿࡣ
ܹϾĻ£˿Ϣһ죬Ѿ൱ѵõĳˣ⻹ǸĻĸԼѪҩҩЧǿ
ʦүƲ⣬ӦǲдǣǶʵѾˣֻգҪ϶ְɣڴϢһ£ָ
޼ǼˣΪϰָǿȣȻͬģȷҹ״Ҫõö࣬һո߳ѧͨˣͻȻ൹Ĺˮ߹ǿ϶ҲǼֲģȫȲĹˡ

ܹϢĻҹҲ˿ûĽͷϵҶϣȻһƨȥǹͷ¶˳
˵ǿдҪϢ˯ĸо˸Ļڤ롣
ûʵһ·ϣĿǰ߼ʿ̴ӵ˵廹ǳԵģҪһֱ߶Ⱦ״̬ԲʱڤָҪõöࡣ
ʿ̴Ӷԣһǿ׳ͨˣܾ򵥵ѵֱӻöĳ̴ӵĵȼʦѧͽȴȫͬ
˵ľȻҲ൱һʦѧͽˮƽûгΪʦĻԾ츳Ļ̻ľȴû취ڤģֻͨϵְҵλǿ־ѡ
ҹûⷽǣǰҹΪѪԵӵŵͼĻԾټԵöƮע룬ŸĻڤ룬Ȼˮһ㡣
ȫ쾫£ǰƣǿڤ״̬ҹľָٶȴ൱֮죬Ҳ֮ѸٵţǰϽڤЧҪõö࣡
עѪҩܹṩӦǾĺһԡ
꣬ûһ˿ԭΪںӵеĶʦѧͽľΣڽҲɹѧͽĳ̶ȡ
⵱ҹͷޱȵͨһͼ񵽵ʿ̴壬⿿Լһһķʦѧͽλгɾ͸С
ϵĲڽԶ˳ڤ״̬һʱֻĸоϸ΢ı仯빵֪ͨڸǿٵĸܲͬһֵеļǿ֪ڸ뾫֮䣬ƺҲǧ˿ƵĻһ㡣
ףһֻε߹ˣǻϲֲֵǮĶĵҪ
عΪ֪ٶҹҲ׵ķһֻԶɳεߡ
ڽӴɥʬһＸκҹҲ׵һֶʱ޼ıʲô˼ˡ
ǱεĵͼħޣͨҰޣ㲻ôֵǮɱôܳԵ⣬εߡŻ
ҹɡ
⼸ȺҲʺһ󣬵ҲǺȤǼֻεߣǷȥɱģ϶մ˶ŧҺǶĵҪ
ε߻ļ̴ӵˮ׼ҲͶɱ˺ɢľԼλ߼̴˵ҲٵÿɱɢϢħһʺգն˶廹кͷ󣬺ļֻȫǽҹˣ˭Զ
Դ˰ţҹ˵ҲԹ˼䣬Ȼվţԭ˶ɣǰŵļʱϰУԣҲƵĽԭ˵ȫΪǶȡı
ˣҲףԼȫǿҶǰɵĻⷽ滹൱Ǳ
ԴѵóֵʵսĿ꣬Ҳֵϰ
һҲԾͨıҹǺͱôһĳɹȻھУҲҪѵϽеĻĻǴӶʡ
ʱվڳǽ˳ܹ׵ľ룬Ȼùʱʾ൱ˡ
˻ø߼ĸϹʮ׵̣ȻֻҪаģɱƻʵսвûʲôá
ͨͨϰǵжֱֻܽ䣬δ׵¶ʮҵս룬ȷ׼
ְҵ׵ڲʹκμɵ£ѵֱһ׵ķΧĿ֮꣬ڶԹƶ鷢ܹ䴩ƤԼʮϢһϸһҪĻ迼ƼֵİԼͨΪĿĻԷ
Ȼ⻹ֻƽAĹʹü£ְҵܹ𵽱Ⱦѻֲֻ
ҹеǰعʵѾְͨҵõˣֵ߰˰ң޼õıڣֻε߸ոս뵽׷ΧʱҹѾٹ
ƽû˿ɫĻ׼̿һĹ淶⼸˶͵ƵƵͷȻ֪ҹĿǰֻһƹƾͲˡ
ԼʹõĿ֧Ԥٶȡεߵƶٶ仯ɡٷԼ¶ȱ仯ԿӰȵȸֲҲǱĳҹԺ֮С
ΪûпѪ֮ЩĸֶԽΪƽֵͣʱ䣬˵ķӦϰģԶ빥ȴǲ¶Σա
㣡
յĿָɶ˲ƿնȥһ̾ͳֻεߵۿ֮ϣǿĳһףŧҺԽ䡣
ʮף
߲ͣ
е㷢ļҹҲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ſϷ̬ҹˣ˸ɾĽĿȴԼͬһȻ
ȵĲҹܽ򵥵Ŀ꣬ҹҹɳĮ£ȻܹǰֱĿһ
ѾΪӽְҵһˣ
ͬҲ㹻˺ְҵǿߵһ
ȻҹǿȵĿҲֻжεߣѾ൱˲õһɼˣ
ڳ˳޼֮⣬λ߼ʿ̴ӣȴзë£ûа취
һ׵ľ룬϶ػأ⳷̻ȫǽֻ˶ܣǿĽܿҲֻаն㿪һҹ޷жϼʸ͸Σˣ
ʲôʱ򡭡
Сӡ
ѾܹƾͻԼ𡭡
뵽սɵĸֵܿҲһ˿ãȻ
ȻڴʱոɱĿ꣬ԥǷҪǸʸҹȴͻȻһ䡣
ãֻε⣬ʲôڹˣ


16 Ϯ
͸ںҹи۲׽֮ӰӵصεڴܳʱʱʧĹѸٵĳҹǼڵķλ
ɫ¹û˿Ĵ͸޵ڰҹеĻˮһɣҹѾͨ˸֪ڸҲͻƵʦѧͽĲΣ¾ȻᾭԵĶʧĿ꣡
ٴҵļʸȴǳٳû֮ǰ׼ƶε߲ͬû˿ƶɣιȵĻ
ͨļϰ䲻Ҳѹƴҹȴȫû˿ΪܹȡֲԲ֪ĿǰԼ޷һֱֵ£Ƶм㣡
˷俿һЩȷһֱܹӾ̸˵У
ð׷Ѱļ֧޷ĻЧ˺ģʥʿСǵʥˮóͿϣ죡
޼ܵͬ˴˴εĿֺ󣬵ҲѸٹϵ
Ļ꣡Ҳְҵһǵĵȼͬȼ¶ʤͨһǿߣ϶ĺۼжһֻӵжǵĳ̶ȣ
ս£޼ӵʥˮҲ޷սʤڳ˼У
ǴʱΨһĿľϣϵĳ֣
޼ѣҲҹͷһԼȻ̫ȱʵսˣµͷʱ̫ţʥˮͿĨԼûаһֱûƽ˷
ѹͷЩң˲Ϣͽʥˮƿͳһ֧ͷһºĻĹٶȴѾȽ뵽ʮ֮ڣ
ٶѹͲҹݵڶ֧ͷĻᣡ
ɢоХ
ֱӱĽʥˮƿԼĵϣ޼ķʩ
ХĻƼܣܹ־Ķֱӽ־ѣ״̬˼ɵĻǣһ޲ΧܣԽԽ޼ֿҲȲѡ
һ
޼䣬ҹȴȷѣݹļʸһҶ
ֱĻǰգ
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Ԥвν׼ȷҲνϬ
ȻվֻܶһʵΪԵĹϵѶһƮĻȴȫûⷽȱݣֱΥڿһͣǴʥˮļʸǰִ
ûɳĮر
һ̣һ֧ڿתµƿȴǱҶĵڶʸֱƣ
ƿʥˮĻ
ȡ
պĹ͵ڻһĴ̶ԭûʵĻ꾹Ȼȫ˳һããĹȦУϷðһ̣
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ƶĤļХƾ𣬰޼ڣʰĶӵ˶Ǹе˴һʹǡХ
ΪʱĻ껹ûȫֻǴХıأָȴ൱Ѹ٣ֻʧȥսĻˡ
ҹıֵü˸еޣ
Ļ꣬ҲʹڼλͷΪ˼ɵХĻ÷Ļ·𵴲ʱ䣬һʱڶûйǵȫˣ
ɵƯʣµĽˣ
΢ѣлָ޼һֱӳŻδȫʥˮĻ˹ȥһҹҲ΢˿
ʵҲûϵô˳ֻڶʥˮɱˣͷһ׶ѣȴû뵽ܹԹ۲΢Чôá
Զʥ˸Ȼ֮ѾӦҲûԼʲôˣʱڵĿٿļ⸺ҲЩ󣬷󶼸еֱһʹƶеˡ
ȻڴʱҹȴͻȻһ¸еë׽գëһԵĿ־ڰԼƺǼ˿ڣһֺҪصƮĹ¼֮У

ƺΪǣ˵Ʈļ䣬Ӵݿһ΢𵴽Ŀ־˲ɢҹҲ»ָ˹ԺԺҲָѡ
ãһֻ
ѹ˲䣬ҹͷڣ֪ʱԼԶȴٴθһֻĻӰʧɫ
ı仯ȴеֻֻʼ͵ϮԼԼ־Ļ꣬ʱһһöССצӱԼ˶Դһ൱ʹĴ
󣬴µĻŵ׿ʼľȻʼ׹ķĩɢ֮вӰ󶼻һʲôʲôԹʹӡ
ʼҹΪʧ׼͵ϮˣһŨľʼӿֳʼԼҹֻȵĻѾƨˡ
ǸæǰĻʧģͬʱʼںøĻʼ̰ɢľ
һɹ䵫ȴǿڸľڣȻֻж̶ʮʱŨȾѾɢӴľѾҹе巢ʹջȴҹԽ⼸ŬܺͻҪߵö࣡
ԭԼͨĸ֪ڸһɶ̵ƣողͻƵ߼ʿ̴ӣȴȵĳŰ˼ڴﵽ߼۷壡
ٶȿ࣬ɱȻϵְҵֶΣ
ھȫɢ̰֮ĺſвһ˿ϢҹҲǳͷǰԼԱ߷ŷûпҲһЩɥʬʲôĳѬ
һᵽϵְҵλ֮׵ֶΣѹֶ˵ƽְҵϮ·ȷû˵
ҹҲԼЧ֮ԻôţºԼԷĽλҲкܴĹϵԼһδְҵ׵ĸ߼̴ӣ̵ֱ˿ְҵ׶ǿߵĻ겿־յֻһС֣Լ˵Ҳ൱޴ķˡ
ĻΪɶĪԼƨˡ
ѵԼʹÿ־ʱҲᱻĽԼĿ־Ӱ𣬴Ļݿ⵱־Ⱦĳ뵽ҹҲ¶һֺмֻı飬Ͳ
ֻ֮࣬ͷҲ쳣ľ辯ǰʰĶӵд裬ԼεߵŹСѣǰԼʵϵһεʵս
˵˵㲻Լȴǳ˺Եʧ벻ӦãʼʥˮͿֻһһԾͷ˾˿־Լص²ҲѲƤ
һûϵȱҲûϵԼҲʥʿһҲδ󣬵ΣĴȴӦˣҪȡ̬ҲҪʧܣԴΪڣ
Ѹٵ˼򵥵ܽҹҲһ߱ž俪ʼͽս
ŻһʥĹâ֮УǾһ˿ı˿ȥʥַ˸ߵľ޽׵ĹâǱ޼ʹˮһٵĵһֻĻȫ˽ȥ
ֻһߵĿ϶ֻӵжΣܵĻ꣬ҲİźϵĴǿ϶д˳ȥͷײһͻȻӿֵľ֮ϡ
ֻ֮ϱ˿ߣһһĳֻĻΧȥ˿ߺĻ걻ûüѣδ֮ʵĸϡ
սһֻӣ˾֮УһƵ
ӡ
һĻպľ£С̺ϵĵ϶У϶ˮһ˳
ʼǶûзҹ߾ȻԲֱӿһֻĻꡭ


17 鷳
ȨһףҹĿǰôһ澭飬ҲжϣԼڶֻĻ»ڶĺá
ţȻĻԼû취ͣĴݿ˵ǹغԼܣܵļֵжҹԼҲ̫Ǵ˵е¶ܻȤ
ˣû뵽ǻ治
¶ûгʲôҶŶе㾫ήҵʰĶһˣҲ֪ͻڿĺ˵
˵ҶְҵսʿӲӲսϲʥʿַȴ̫һˣȴԶԶѷɫְҵԽߴĻ˵ҲֻʥˮƿһԿϷֱרҵĽˡ
ǵλϰСֵǰĿȻıεϽˣͻϮХɵƻҶֵס
˿һ˿Ϣ縺ص޼˵ʱܲҲ¶Щҵı顣
Ѫڸְҵĵġػߡϵĸ֮ǿ׼¾ɸ߼ʿ̴ӹҲµӡӡ
ھ棬ػȴҲֻǴͨˮƽûʿּᶨ־ļӳֻһ㣬ĻļֶֹζȽƣ
ټϽλϱѹƣıͻϮǾͱˣʱҲ൱ԼͻȻѪĺĽɼȻ»ǻõرġ
ߣϰҲֻôˣսʱֻһ߹սһֻĻǾֻϺˡ
ëȻлķ̵
ˣ˾ͺã˵Х˵㲻ֶΣºĻصġĿڱХӰʱͿ԰ͨĵĿ־һʳɾһֻٿصεˣǻð൱ķա
϶оǾᣬǿ¹ⷢµҶҲƵļ٩żˣɵܹ֪Ļš
͸һЩ̸ҹҲٴȷֻϮԼĻˣȷͬʱ˵ڼΨһܹͨĻ븫ͷУҹҲҡҡͷСҲ̫ᣬȻʵǿɸǻûԼɾܹһЩԼҪϢ˴һŻгɾ͸š
޼ЩӲںӻ죬ʱʱᷢԼɵ棬Լһ
оħ϶ħԼһİ¶ʲôýӽĶҲֻ⸫ͷҶýӴ㡣
ȻһЩĪ飬׽ֻɳԴˮȵȣúιʿһȴҲͬѺõһ
ǿ鷳ˡ
ȻڴʱҹĥǲǽԷŵҩĻỻʲôʱС̺žоĵ϶ȴɫص̧ͷ
ĻԴġĿ͡Хħģо־෨Դͷ֮һŽĴ󲿷ףĿħѾǱо͸оˣǰֻĻڵġĿĽṹȴǼر𣬲κһĻԴģšʹĿ42߳ɣֽṹ߼Ҳȶġ
϶ϲչרҵԱ˳ǰΣȫһĸоϲƺ˵仯Ͳݵʱ򣬻ǸͷҶ̲ס˿ڴϵ
˵˻
ΨһýζҹҲɻعðɣڤûһħ֪ʶӴϣڵ϶˵ĻҲģⲻǿнЩϼ˵Ժõˡ
ƺҲԼ״̬е㲻ʱĵ϶ϺҲ΢һ£ſ˵
򵥵˵ֻĻһ˲õѧϵ輫¡
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¼ıһרҵ׵ʦ˵ǣ㵼ʦֶȥ޻أҪѧԺԮ
ҹʳ󣬵϶ɬĻ˵ˣ˵ġ鷳ݣϲһֱʥʿС⣬˶ɫ䡣
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ӵǣ
ֻĻ⣬һְֻҵ׵ʲôԼѣȴ˵鱳һλרҵ׵鷨ʦʦ
ʲôЦ
˹̹Ƕûһרҵ׵Ĵڰ
ְҵ׾ѾǰʮڵǿˣǶְҵǿΨֻǰӵУǵɵķʦ
νרҵףȴְҵǿڸ֮ǹȫ룬ȫ˺ĺĺΪְҵĸ߼ڣ
˵ְҵ׵ƽAЧǰףרҵ׵һǧΪλĪľѻǹվһģѾ˺òã
οⱳһרҵ׵ķʦ鷨ʦӵ϶żѧͽܿˣͬ£ְҵԸʦ¶ױ
ǰһλȻ޼ߺֵġƽ塱鷨ʦ
ǿ˵˹̹ǣǸ⼸ǰӽ޵еĴڣ
˹̹ɵ´½Уǿˣɵʮǰһ֮أ
ĴУȴ깽ʲô˵ĹƫƫԼ˷˺ۼǸϵĹ¡


18 Ⱥ
¹ɳϣӳĳһƬ⣬ҹӰȴٳŶɳۣƺкˮһ㡣
˵޼壬ΪʲôҪһܣǣô졣
һ߰ȸŶһͬ񱼵ҹһǿϲһЩɬĿ˵
ոտھ̽Щɳ⻹ǸС̺ӵķʦѧͽǰٶޣȻҹ⼸߼ʿ̴ӿ϶϶ġ
ǰⶼǽ޼۵Ĳٲ϶˵ԵʣðɣСҪֵǮħ˻ܴϵġ
ʲôЦרҵ׵ĴѾ˵Ļܲܶû壬Ҫľ֮ǰص˹̹ǽ鱨㱨ȥƾзʦүķʦרҵ׵ĴҲ
޼ƺЩţ༰ĻشҹеͷԣԼ˸һʲôϵ
ûǲӲϵϢֿҪǱ𣿡
ҹеûӦ޼̵˵ԭ𾴵ļϰҩʦﶼ̱˲ӣҲҹеЩ走һôôۣܲˣˣô棬ֻǸͷ˳۵㣬ȻǸȣͶȴ򽻵õı˻Ǯ¿ܻһʽҲν
˰ҪǸˡ
С̺ϲϵʲôʱʱһЩĩĵ϶ҹҲһ˿ۣȻٶȱȲԼȫܣҪѾʱƶͱԼǿˡ
һδְףӦúԼ༶ѧͽֺûɫҲܹʦˡ
뵽ҹñЩƣ壬ٴμǿ˼ܵ˵϶̺ӱϣ׽˵
˲𰡣רҵ׵ķʦȥŶ
ݼĿԷУõ϶㶼˵ǰĵһεħһ󣬲ûĶҹ˵
˼רҵ׵ģȻֻͨĻ겢ĺԼ飬ԼûǩֱӾǿ顯ʱӰģȵӦ㹻ԣʱ䣬ҵҲֻǽʱٴѡ
˵󣬱Ƕ˶ƺ׼ʼһεˣҹ¶һŵ̱ܽ飬ǸĳƵ˵
ۣ֪డǴϥ̸ɡ
˵Ҳȵ϶ķӦ˾ֱӳС̺˹ȥб㳵ѵһ·˫Ȱڴϥ̸ʲôģҲ֪˵ɶ྾ˡ

ˣ
ƵԭƯڰ״ҵС̺ӣȴҹȥ֮û˿ıѹɳ֮ϣŵ϶һһƨ˵ϡ
϶մɳӣҹǻûɶһ·񱼾ûʲôˣ϶ȴԭķ۶Ͱ
ƨһֱǷɲС̺ӣҹҲЩðԭΪһû뵽ȴһгǵ˵֡
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Լƺ׼ʲôĵ϶ҹҲֻе˵
⣬⡣
ʦרõķҪþ乵ͨΪһʹãǷʦԼõĴߣ󲿷ֶ߱Ч
ҹΪǿˣĸͷҶʱվԱĲ˵ҹʿļһﶼ֪Լȴִ󣬵ŶЩˡ
ٺ٣ǰҲôɹ
ɵЦŵҶٴ֤ʵǺöѡ
ߣĲǵɹļϸ𣿡
ëȻĳ
ΪԼĹҹֳҲû˿ֻ㬵ͬ϶Ǹ
һ·񱼵ôԶҲееˣϢһ°ɣҪ׷Ļ׷ˡ
ãҶʱ򿪿ھȳһ£ҹдΪмԼȻûˡ
ǰλʥʿŮҲû˵ʲôͷķҵ˵Ϊֹҹûһ˵ֻСưͰɡ
ϧ˵ԸҲܲĵȻġ
ǲʲôʧ¡
ҹΪеʼ´ŰԿϧ֮ʱһ鵫ȴĮȻȴ̧ͷú˫峺ͬ챦ʯһͫ׶һۡ
Ȼȥû˿ŭĪľҹеͷһ꣬ôСѾڸ֪ڸĵźˣ֪˵Լǿöడû¿ɶ
Լû˵ֻѣҲ̫˰ɣѵһֱڹעԼô
ԭưͣģϧ
æջ΢ȵĿ⣬ҹҲûмòԷ뷨Ȼ˵㣬Ҳ˵㣬˵ҹλʥʿСĸйٻǲģΪҩɵӰʶе¶ѣԷԼĸоƻȽ⡣
棬ѾˣȱٽԼȻǺ׵˰
Ϊרҵסһֱһһͷϣ¼򵥵ϢҲȫ䱸ˮʳﶼûһ㣬Ӱж
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Ϊ˸֪ڸְҵǿߣʾȫӵע;
зʲô𣿡
С̺Ʈĵ϶Դŵ˵Ȼһ·϶ֽңվԼֻһѧͽʩߣʦڸԶĻû˿ܹŪȥ
Ⱥ
ǶصĿû˿ˮ˵
Ȼ˶˿˾ɳĮ֣ɳǺǣ˵ҪɳѶԸö࣬ʳСҲһְҵ׵ʳˮ׼
ɳĮҪΧĿϡ٣γȺѶȽϴ󣬼Ȼ˵Ⱥ
ǣʮֻ
ȻŵĻȴɫȻȺǺεȵнʰ
Ҫ֪ǿһ·ڳ˹̹ķܣ⸽ǣǾڸε޼ʰĶȫûˣ
ʮֻȺֻСȺȫǿְҵ׵ǣǾ˹̹ǰҪ߼ְҵǿسſӦĶ֣
ǵҪΧ˹̹ǸѷƽԭżŻ·ɳĮʳʱ򶼻ǱȺ䵥ǣǰʲô
˵ֻɺϣǾ̫輸˵ˣǰողŲһλרҵ״ежͷֵּأһֻʿ涼


19 
϶̧ץһöƺǴĳȡĹ飬󱩣һֵɫճҺһ³ڡ
ĦɦŦѦ?ͦǦҦǡ̽顱
£еɫճҺԶƯǰճһ׵ķģƾţȥͺάͶӰһ㣬մճҺָԭ׵ķģͲȫɺһֱֻǵһö貵ĺ챦ʯģ͵ĺġ

һֻ޴ͷϷһţһɵɫĲɢ漫Ϊ
һһĸֻǼͷǣֻǼֻһǵͨǣ鷳ȡʱ䣬ǺĻӦܹ
ֻƬ̣ʹ̽ĵ϶ͽֵϢȫգҹۺ첻ѣȻ̫ˣǶǺ֢£һֿƷ֮ͫϸϸ۲֮ǰʩ̵ĳ嶯
ֻǰ鷳ƴȫǻܹӦ֮ô졣
ë˵
ĻҲڳ֮˶ɫһ鷨ʦٻмңСܶǳƬƬģǿû취
֪ڸԼ塢ѱʦǲž߱붯﹵ͨⷽһֻˣҪٿȺĻ
ѵȻˣ
⵽̯ʲô°
ҡ΢ע£Ҫս߳ս
϶Ϊ̴ķʦ侲˵̲ߣ˼·ȴ
ʡɲóİðŴСͰɣҲϲֵ顣
ҶԺƺµЩӡ
ԣʮֻǣۺʵŶ֮ϣҪŵף͹⻷ӵһƴ֮Ϊػ߲ܲǰ棡
϶ķҶĻ
ʥʿսñְͬͨҵǿȴְͨҵ޷ģʥʿƼܱף⻷
ǹʦ޷ƿصĶؼܣΪҪ弫Ϊ˽£óܹóʥ̼ԴﵽǿĿĵףʦͨյĶǻָ
ë´ʱҲӲͷƤվ˳
ʱҶǰ棬Ҷ㸨һҽйͺã˳һ𱣻µ϶
Կóʵƺǲģֻǵȷû˿ˣҪϣֻǴ۹˸ʱʱҹߵƺʲô㡣
ðɺðɣ֪ˣʱڵ϶Ա߱ǡ
ҶԴ㬵ı˵ҹһ߿Ҫһ٣꣬㲻ʲôĲҵóҾһֻѣ˭Ұ
ûҹԹԶɳϾѾԾ˺üӯýӰ۾ҹɳĮԵúɭµ´һ˵ѹȸС
ˣҹҲֻʵʵĳʸʱ׼Ķ
֮·Ϊʰػ塢Ӣ¡
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󻺻ɨһĽ˶ɨһ飬ӽֺȫһʥ̼
һɴóõһνʥʿףҹǸеǾȣĳɣҺ޾Ļһ㣬ԼĶһηǱʶ֡
һͬǿ¶ְҵ׵ǿûԼôԣЧѾˣʥʿȻ£
΢Ϻ˺ҹѸٵĽƽĺһڷ޼˵Ҫʱһƽġ
ʮֻһſţСͷϣĿˣҲ֪ڵʲôһֱ;Ķûзƺһ㶼һ㡣
Ȼ϶ʱ䲻վԼߵģԷȴǵ̴ӻͳһӵľᣬſжСöħˮ
ڵ϶ոշʱƺһֱȵĵϵǣȴһֻֻһ㣬û˿׵ĳ
ֻͷǴֱֻһֻֻͨǰ
ʱȫħ޵սǻ˳
ʼ֮ԲڵǸʩߵĶ
֣
ûĴǻۣȴԼǧԱܡ
ÿ죡
ǵжҹֱһͻȻٶȼΪˣͨǺ׶ֻҪһ룡
ٶ£Ǵ׼ѶȣͷǶûǣ˵ǵٶȺͽƻ̶ȣ˿ҲƲ˷ɡ
ҹǵ˽ⲻ࣬Ψһӡľǿϵ¼ĶүһƤƳɵƤף˵ˣƷУ
£ְܹҵǵͷǣǲҲԼĿǰӳף£Լ۷״̬˵ȫļӦܹвְҵһǵĳ̶ȣ

ǰҪУ


20 ·
ħޣ鼰ӴȺ壬ǧĽÿһִħ޶ӵڵɺص㣡
ǣȻԴĻ취ģͣûʩȴӵԼĶرǮ
ӵ׺ͷ֮λƤëǱ֮ʱܹӴ󲿷ֵĿϸǿ׳֫Ϊṩǰֲٶȣ
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ѣиָ֮ǰΪΪܵĸоӵֱۼʹҲüͷֱ۶Ծİ
оֶҪϵˣԻû׵ʵǿзӽְҵ׵Ĺôܣְֻҵ׵һҲĿǰʵܹȾָġ
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22 Ȼ
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ܿ˵ɱ˱˴󣬾Ϊƽʬյľ顣
ȻյľԱҹֱӶȡԷ·˵ȴ̫
롢и
ƽһϵжʱͽֻҲļʹȫѣȫϳж
ɿҧס޼ӵǿڣǶȫûӦ


24 
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ȴҹзӦˣȴһֱűͷԸеС˵޼
ȻѾ˿ںѪգʱȻǴһɿ˱ǰǣ־Ҹⲿһֱֻ۵ķۣסҧԼһֻǣ
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ΪͬԾȻҲǱŭ˼£ǰצͺҹǼˡ
ȻǾֲıһҹȴ˿ûеԼƣ
ιǸɳӶŶܹ߼̴ӻɱһֻ̼ħûкϻ𣿡
ֱĵҹʱҲֻܿٵĵѯʵ
ǼǾͲʰˣųͷʦһ߼ѧͽãʱʱܹŪһЩ߼ҩԼǿûЩ
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ѪбĿĵ׷ھ޴µ£Կƺʲô
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֮ܵϣһԻ־
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ֻͬʱ˫ҲεĿסǵ˫צԴĶ°ͲѪͷҧԼ
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ɲ֪ܿǷʲôС汬ְܹҵ׵ʳħ޾Ȼסһû֣
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25 
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˳Ķ̽Ӻ󾱵˿ڴǺٽһº˵˽ܿ˵ֻȴҲ鴤ֹͣ
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ģǷʬĽܿˣȥ޼һֻԼϢ
һ֣˾Ƶתҹһ߸ðѪ״̬ήҵĽܿ˴һ߳޼ķȥɢľն١
Żںǽ֣ΪʧѪƺеѹƲס޼ҹҲǺ¡
ԼˣֻҪһ޼ѹƲסֻҲų˺ǺʶԼ˽֣֮
ǰԼȴٸֻᣡ
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ȡŻûһֻȼվ˵
޼Ҳľ⣬ͬʱһ˿Ǹո齨ӵֵ˰û뵽
󣬱ǾܾͬĲҡҡڰڵĳȻڵĽܿȥ
Ѿеܾɢ˵ҹҲűȫӯȫÿľȥֻʳµĲ־˵ѾͷĲ
Ϊս̫ңǰֻûӯͷ꣬ȴѾ콫Ƶ˼ʿ̴ӵĶˡ
ĺ飬վٶȼֱ£
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ֻⱩܻܿᵼ¸ȣͷҪúõǡ
εĲսδҪʳľʵ̫ˣ̫˺Ļֲ֣ͨЧӦҲûԼĺá
ֻüֵ㣬һ߼ʿ̴ӵȡǰĳɹ׬˵ģȥʿ̴Ӳ̫죬ҹʱҲǸеһ󷢶¡
Ϊںƽսʱ̫ӦƽЩǰȴе޷ĹظС
ǰܿ˵״̬Ҳǲãڵϱ޼ѹסϵľΣҪϵⱬѪ˿ڴ඼ǴڶⱩģµģ
һʼȥ޼ʱ򣬴ҴææûʲôڻͷȴҲ˺ܴĲ֮
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һһֻ޴ʬڷɶ˵ĲԶ̧ͷȥȴҶͰǱҲѾǵ֣
Ҫ֪Ǳǵսʿػߣ֮ľӢп϶Ҳɱк͵ƣֻжǵһʦѧͽСļڻֻҪʱѡ
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ҹŭĿë̵ʲôСҽܿ˲ǻûôħ϶ܰȻġ
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٣û˵˼ʵϴҩһֲܳʺ͸ãȻֱʳħˣЧ¹ôйʹż۷ħ˴ҲʮһɹӾ͸ˡ
±ҹǾ統ιĻ˰죬ְڳǸ˶ĵıװ˵ҹﲻһ
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һ߲ϿڱѪĽܿˣǿͳѪ۾ƺѾ˵ģ˵ڳʲô޴ʹһ㡣
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һҪɱѵôʵֻ֪һԶ죬վ˵۵ԼȴǹϵĶҲʵöࡣ
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ϧǸļһﾹȻ߹ʺ˵Ļ
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һʰսҶҲһߺ޵ı˵
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һɼĿֲӣֱӽ̱ڵء
ͻȻıҹǶĿɿڴ濳
ȻҶƽʱ˵㣬ҲȰɣȻúܽ
Լֵ˲ӦǵͬҶǡ
ѽȻ˵ԭһֱƭңѪѾ˰
Ҷϻİ£ƺЩ˵
˵˵Ϳ㣬Ϊɶǲаء
˵ҶǼһͷŰ¿ȥֻǿɱһʱ򣬰ðһŨİ׹⣬ʧԭزˡ
ŶѽѽصŶ͵;ᣬֻеɣݳأû͵õĵطҲûˡ
̾ϢҡҡͷҶЩϧƵ˵ǻͷҹЦ˵
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Ϊ˷ֹ״Իȥɡ
ȻɵЦĺ飬ͬС̺һͬصͷʬγ˾޴ķҹ𾪲ŵɫ


26 
㡢㡭
ָŸո˦һɾĻɱ˵϶ĸͷҶҹ޷ܵı顣
ð˴ܣַ蹷Ƶɱ˵϶
ȺǰԱô찡
ԲۣΪôЦԭĪѾǶˣ񾭲㣡Ѱ㣡
ȻҹĻû˵꣬Աߵ޼һصı̧ס
ûôǰһ˳ɾǽЩԪףǸ鷨ʦһġ
޼棬ҹʱ͵ˣԪȣȾȻĳ棿
TM˭ǶȰԼʼֻ˳۵㣡Ȼ޼ƽȥˣ˶ƽȥˡ
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ȻǸЦбҶƺǳ޵˵
ѽҪ˵ôֱλС˿ǻģɺֲܿŶ츳Ѫ֮ҿɲǶ֡
ȡ
ҶĻ䣬һһ׵ʥӰŮһ˲ƾճͷֱ˲һ㣡
貵ľ޽ʥһ·ϵɢһ֮Ҫһаһ㣡
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Խʹã㹻һĨɱԼĳɱͷҶǻһĻȣ̯ƣһöξġ
ȡ
ͬʥʿŮƾճһ㣬ھҲֱʧͬһͬʧģȴǼҶͷĿֲԼǵʥӰ
䣡
ͷĿƺΪʲôҵײһըŤҵľ罫ɳشÿɳ裬·
⡫⡫⡫
ٴγֵʥʿŮȴѾʮ׿İУزɳϵ˺üȦͣ£о޶Ų˸Զɳϡ
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ȵ˻عʱľȴѾŽɵĻ档
ֹȫǵʶΧȻʥʿŮԼ˸ͷΪ˾ԼҶ֮ʱҲһԵ˸С
٣һ֮ˮһѾǺֵǮǿ츳ȺʬڼһϺõĲϣ¶ὫصƷЯ
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޼Ҷ䱸ͬʱЩҧгݵĵ
ףȻܹ֪ʥ̣Ҳôûй˳ǽõͷŵĴء
Ҷ΢¶һ˿ȵɫƺǶ޼ԼĸЩӡ
ʵûأҲ˶ԸλʥʿСˣȻλרҵ׵鷨ʦȷûע⵽ǣΪЩȺṥҵȣ
޼ûֱӻӦԷƺĵ˵ȻΪҶʵܹٿ˶ǡ
ҰﻹͬӦһ˿ᶼû˰ɣѵΪǼǰз
ԴͳıҶϣҲ޼ɫ΢䡣
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ѹȺǲϧȫûһֱϣҲѹܹסԼ˵λãԭԴͷһֱڶŵģ
ڴʱֻಡһһӰҶŵʬȴǲɣʮ׿ĵطһͷһ˿ڣҲһϹ˵ǳ
ȴֻһֱ밬žݵĹͷǣ
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ӦټĻҲûʤˡ
ͻȻֵǿ˵Ҳ㲻Լһģɵ˵ĵ˾ѣҹʱһֱĿУȺѵǰľѾһּΪѹֽ״̬ˣڲûййġ
ֻǳҹϵǣƶҺʵĻһ·Ͻ˶ƽȥҶȴǶǵĳƺûһ⣬ϵıҲ൱ƽĪҹ˸еһ˿ס
Ȼһ·϶ǰҵļƻ裬еı仯֮УǸòΪһʵ޼ȺǵսҶȫİɣͺñǼ״̬ѾǱǷ˵ģҴʱӦҪһֻͷǺͼֻǡ
ҶٴθֳǷЦб赭д˵˿ǵʬ壬ǻԼѰĹͷǷ
Ϊϵȵ޼ۣٴθһ˿ס
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ҶԱ֮ңûвʱ˲ӣ޼״Ҫ
ҹѾɿڣӲдЩõСʬҲЩ²⣬£ֲ֪Ķؾʬ֮ϣ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣԼʿ̴ûзӦ
ӰԼеƷŶרְҵϡжأôǳŻûȫʴʱȼպƴһ£ݱȥء
ҶʼŲһ㿪ʼǻڸҲеϵĸˡġʲô
Ҳ޼ɫѿ֪ԷôˮĿˣԭǼɵԼȼպĺô
ȷǸոճ֣˫жδ£ԼȥȼԼְҵĽԷסϣкܴļʺͶԷͬھɴʱ


27 ɱ
޷ħһ㲻ˣΪСǿĲѵƿħȴҪϸöࡣ
˲ħһ㣬ֻм츳ȼվˣһӵԼְҵģְҵǿ߼ȫܹȼպģ͸֧Ǳܵ鼼ɣ
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ӦְҵıһɫصĲɢ޼ɫҲ
ԷҪһвȷȫɱҡôһ
Լȥƴ۵ĻǿͨȼգһǱĶҲᱻ
ɶԷʱȴû˿̬Լȼ˺ģٶϣȻ׷϶Է
ûǣҶġݡڸѾĵöˣ
ûж£ԷϧëԼеһһȥѰʱȴֻж
Աٴαžžҹʱһĸо
ˣΣգص򰡣Īһȥ޺ĶȣȻֱӰԼһŪڹƳԵģûи
Ȼ㲻϶ߣʱҹҲ֪ǰһеӿ˼Ĳ棡
˵ԼԲ̫˽˵ҹҲ֪˵ǰڷϵʱӵ壡
޼ܹһֱ㹻״̬˫ǿһӵӵıǮһ˿ѵ
ڣȴȫӲã
٣ȷǲԥˡ
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ұߣܲߵͿˣҪҪҷУԼжơ
˵кУȴҹзǴȫѻԼô
һ˿ҲһţҹûһԥŤͷ㳯ź󷽰ȥĿǰѾﵽ˼ʿ̴ӵʣȫУ
Ȼһһ߲ҰοԼǲ빼޼˷֮׵Ļᣬ֪ȴǸʵԭĿ־ӱԼȥ
ֿ־ʹ£ȶ޼ͲôҪˣ
ǰֻһͨ˶ѣһСµķլѣ
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ʣʿ̴ϳһ˿ӵɫƺҪ˵ʲôջҧͬתһȥ
˵Ⱥ룬ҶƤû̧һ£ͬʱҲ˿û׷˼Ȼ޼ɺš
٣Ĳǰ﷢´ȥ𡣡
ԼԽԽѿƵְҵģ޼ĿҶһ˵
ôҪȥ׷ǣȻס飿ֻ߳ûܣ
ҶΧ޼еɢһ˵΢þ뿨λ£֮ǰȺλһ㣬޼Ϊܡ
ְҵ϶ѣҵٶδز׷ϣ²׷ϣ˵ǸǵĻңȻΪ˱֤ǰݵĴԣһǻᾡž۵ġ
ǰ޼ڶԵĸʴ֮£ҶȻྵʱ䣬һְҵǿȼպĵĶڱ㹻вˡ
ְҵ𣿺ٺ٣һΪ仰ڵġ
뵽С뿪ʱԴﵽ˼ʿ̴ӵٶȣ޼ڸǵĴ죬Ҳֳһ˿˵Ц⣬ôСӡ

ֻһͨˣֻһףһСլѣ޹أͳͳ޹أ
ĿĵıɳĮ֮ϣ¹ϣŶΪƶľ磬ҹвҴľظʲô
ԼûʱԼָ׶콫ƸƣҲҧѪ
ɾϵҰοţԺȴȻԾĸֳЩĳ
ûҪ㡣
ʹģӵǿߵ̬ſӵǿߵʵ
ţҲϣˣɺҾ׼ͻļˣµԴӦѾˣ޼ӳ˽˴ɳظҡ
ǽʰĶðյĳΪʲôиõԴͱ꣬ȻһֱĲڻǮȡԴô
ͷͷҲˣһʹ졣
ұߣܲߵͿˣҪҪҷеԼжơ
޼ܿ˵ȵһϵӰһϵл棬ֶδĿܶŬľԶѵĸһеһжٴθǰ
˵̶ʮľƽʮľҪ޼ǶԼչҲٴһһεĸȾġ
ֻǸͨ˶ѣ
ƺΪ˴ʹԼҹ˱еľ紵棬һͣŵ׵ɳӶһۺǰСĬĬͷս
ûֻǸͨ˶ѣֻҪԼͺãҺθɣأҵİ쵰
ʱԼڣ󻹻޲ɼۣ
嶯ôˣôˣǻˣûиĻ
ǣ
۾뻳ֱͳһöξ壬û˿ɺͣ٣ƺͣһ¾ͻһֱ˫ͬʱסһŤĽ֮ͬǿɬҺһȥ
ǰûеĻԼʲôȥѰһؼҵ·
֮ƺһеľͷնͬʱһ㣬ͷƷѹԼֱصȫȥϴһ˿ɵñֱͦͦĵɳ֮ϣѾˣʣµľͿԼܲͦȥˡ
٣ȻǶԼΪʲôܣ
ͷδһɿ񱩵θ˳ӿԼȫ֫庡


28 һ
޹һĿӰڳһɳ𶥲ֱƽ
ɳ˻һ㳯ӿȥ
ǿĹѹ£һɵӰȴɱܿ˱ĺģ˳һ˳ӦɳƶԶ
ֱӼ򵥣ȴǿ쳣һ֮ƻ֮ǰʹõרҵ
ǵɵӰܹ˺ģϵȻǱ˺룬ԵǱѣĲ¿Կ׳ϳֵһѪۡ
вһǶܵӰأ˳ʮжȥ
ǿ޺ʵĻҶ
Ǳըģήڵصȴ޼
ʱ޼ȻήңϿȥȴԵüΪ͸У׶ߵĿΣȥѾӽףڶⶼѾѿѿڣ
뷢Ѫ֮ɫҸгѪ˿ƺҪɳ˼Σվһˤȥ
ȻǰĿֲһɵĳɹ
һְҵǿߵʵ˳ԽְҵĿֲƻ
ѽѽΣհҪ΢һĻ汻ˮˣǵһȼպޣұô˵ôɵĻ
ҶͷߵѪգǶе޺鿴ɳе޼ƺǺǸп˵
޼һҪزӣȴȻûǰ˽Է˼
ϵɳƲ˼Ҷϱָƽ˵
ѡ൱ȷΪóٶȡȱڸҲûۺĵػߣȼպҲֻȫһıٶȲſ˵ңҲȷˡ
Ĺɳе޼ϢЩ״̬ȻȻαװ״̬ĵҲһκͿЦ
Ķ˸еЩһᶼԼһӦѾܹӳ˰ɣԼҲӲģҲ
һߣѾȫȷ޼״̬ҶҲڸֳһ˿ĵЦ⣬ζԼһ·ϵĲֺƿأǴﵽ˺ϸˮƽģôʱѲļһ·ˡ
漴ҶǴӿռȡһѳΪսʿȷóΪֲԶ̹ȱսʿǻϰģҹԭҲһ㣬ĳЩʱڻ޷ȡ;
ǰ
Ϊ˷ֹͷЩȼպԼħƷҶΪȫǶžһеĺ󻼺ͿܣһᶼԷ
վȣĿꡭ
ţ
ɱ⣡
ܵ෽ֵһɱҶû˿ԥתһˤ;ʱһżХǶ˹֮ϣ
ȾֵľһǼֻв֣
µͬʱһļʸȴǴһûɳ֮ڣ
סʸͣ¶ѪƣɨһɳصļҶıҲԵúء
ΪĳһǱɱһԼӡ̫̣ԼѡƴСӲӶʶܵĻԸղԼĶ͹ؽڵϷϵһĳԼϣ׼ȷ˵ͷϣ
٣˻ζַ
۾ԶɳҹչӰҶе֮ҪʼܵϬ
֮ڵˣȫ֮Ľ־ԸոһǿԼִӲӣܹ͸ľԼǺʵְҵ׹ˮ׼
Ҿְҵֹô򵥣ְҵǿҲضҪ
ܵʱһ˼ʿ̴ӣתͱְҵǿˣôЦģ
Ȼʿ̴֮󣬽תְʽмְֱҵףȻԾżʿ̴۷嶼ܱ֤ʵְҵתְżļʵǸ˷θ

ΪȷԼļƻ֮©Ҷ·װɵʱ򣬻ù͸¶϶ϰҩʦݵֶΣ鿴˼˵ķӦǼ˾ûϴҩϲŶԣ
ħˡ
ƺҶʱǵһ¶ʧ̬ı飬ȫԼЦʵ飡
һߣոʧܵҹһ߶滺żеظоȴ˿ҶϷֺ
û
ѾǱΪϵİ˼ʿ̴ӣһڡ֪ڸɹְҵĵְҵǿߣ
ݿǿĽ΢ħ˵õ˼£
Ȼȡɵĳɷ֣Ҿ绹ȶûʱ乮ǿгְҵ׾ְҵף
֮ǿѾԶԶ֮ǰۻǹ
Ѿܹвְҵǿߣ
ľõ֤
ԼѾ˼ԾͷСȥ˵ĴæתְΪ͵͵һºݵģȴȻԷ㡱ȥˣ
ֻ״̬µݷԼѾ͵͵һˣõλĶλˣԤеļ㣬ԷҪӦԼһ͵Ϯõİ취ȷǶܣԷҲܣ
ȾȻȫ·ƣԸ˶ǿеԼһҴıϿȻǲûзԼڶģ
ȻĪǸ𣡻쵰ǶM
нһ棬ҹҲеһɺ⣬ѵԼɱǵһκʶķӦ
˵ʥʿͬһϵڶΣһֻǿһΣԼǰ䶼ûѵʥʿСǿ


29 ѧ
ɳе޼һҶϤӰ¶һ˿οĸӱ飬ƺЩìܡ
οһּĿóɳСߵһһͷԼ֤ԼûˣЩԸҪĸо
ոտְҵףһ͵ϮʧˣѧԼ⣬սʿû˿취
ĺܲȫϣ˵̫ˣΪֻͷܹ鷳û뵽㾹Ȼܹߵز
Ѿ»ָƽҶϵĹƣʮԷս
öҿصѡϷ򡣡
ԼԶ̹ҹȻͬԷʱ룬ȴ˽䱸һ̫ˣǲʲôơ
ĳǣľ֮ʣȻҪʰĶӲſĿͻƵְҵףӦҲҺ͹ǶԴ¢ϣ
Ҷҹǽ䱸ӣƺЦһ֣ص˵
ңȻ٣ȴҲ֪˹ĳλħô͹ѹʲôиƨĹϵ
ҹ¶һĪڶҡı顣
һ͵͵İ뿪ȷһȥЩС涼ǸҶǽƻļһѧġ
Ǿܾˣû취ǵСǸ𣿻ûĿǰʵһ͵ϮʧܺʵѾˡ
ʼ磬¶һαҶ漴ʼԹƣȻûֱϵľٶϾֹܿһ·Ҳɵ
һոսְҵףԾҪΪϸְҵһȱ뾭Сӣϵľƶٶãӹɵġ
ô֪ء
ҹϱƽƺûܵӰ졣
ǡոͻƵְҵأһôᣬȱս飬ȱѪĥ㡭ܱ֤Ҫʱ̣ӵȼպĵԥ𣿣
Ҷ¹ٵЦݣĿ˵һյͰʾͨԱ˳ʵ˵󲿷ְҵǿߣûлȼպģȱľ̸һոͻƵˣǰİʾյ죡
ȡ
δȫ£һ̶һ׼ϥ̸ģһ̣ҶǻһɳĮķ籩ǰҹڵɳжȥ
սʿбʱڳٶܹΪĵ
ټصص޹ɹܣԼɳԴڻЧ׽
ȫ˷սʿʱԣͻ켣Ϊ鶯ҲһרŶԸԶ̹ƶս
ֱһֻǣٶҲȫ֮ڣ
ٶѷǣɻǴһظ
һѱҪʱ㹻ֵʸظ
ಣ
һֱ׼ҹû˿ԥȷ˹
ԣƶĶֱӵޱ仯ܵľֹĿ꣬Ҫײ׽켣Ϊԣ
֪ڸ֮Ѿɹ۵ְҵģʼͷųȵĴ̼ϴ̼壬Ӧתְǰͬն
ȻΪĿı仯ȴǴšֵ֪ǿ
رǶ̬õ˼֮ʱһӾ棬ֳһķŻ
еĻɨ裬Կԣֱ绢
һļʸŰɫϵļһֺɨǰһϰ̬Ҷз򶼷
ÿһʸŲͬٶȺͨ͸ļʸ֮Уʱʱ弸ÿһ֮ضҶе쳣ܵķ㡣
ҹԷӵ쾡£

һ׼˸ոյֵһڳ˦ظ֮ϣǡץסδһŵĹؼʱ̣ظһٵĽֱ״޷ʱջأ
ԭһֻĿõͨһȴǻƵ뵽Ҷͷ֮ϣ
壬Ĺҡڣ粿ⶼ˺ѳһ˿ڣ
ոճԹĿҲٳԵģ
һֵҹҲһ˿ܣԿļΪնʵȷͨһɱУ֮ǰһֱֳķǽȻ෴ģ
ϼ޻ҶҲб꣡
ʱϸͷӦʵҲ׿·κҹÿһã̫꣬ӦѾе൱֣ȫ˼׼ʱ䣬ֻƾ豾ʶĽи񵲣
мҶʱҲѾҹ಻ʮѾΣվ룡
֮лʣ֧ܹμ·һθ·
ռ
ߣмΪǿ˺òͣҶʱҲһ˿أʮͬҹݵĶ
һŶ֣һ߻̧ڵļͷһϡ
ϼʱҹǿѹ˵Ĺ嶯Ÿ߶ȵľ״̬ƺڤڤһڸʱʲôյһ㡣
ǰ˫һܹɱľ룬һ֮ǰҪ
ԹҼοҲСˣΪҵĽ߾ڣҲԸҵѪ֮ˣǾǡѪ֮
ظҶҹֱ۶ΪԵԴɳƵ˵
ոտ֮ʱҹѾеһĪвȵ˵ʲôҲһ˿뺧Ȼ
ԶԷ츳֣뻳ǷѾѪ֮
ҹǾԷѪ֮ȼжߣǾԶԷ츳ֻӵⱻΪţƤ޺Ѫ
ȻۺͳѪ֮ǿ
Ȼʤֲ̭㷺Ѫ֮ʵǿѪ
ԽԽǿֻҪһܱ۷ĹɱĥżΪˣ
ô˵Էǿ˱Լӵۡ
ã
һӭҹܵĽһͬʱȻȥ
һѾ˵Уֻܹ赲Ƭ̣
ͷɲǣǸжֵĶϼͷǲŹͷƤһ
ѹֿʼΣУס˹֮
ǲ֪ܹܲЧ
صɳϷոȥԼҹǴɳԾ
Ÿո֮ʱǰǱըƵһƬɳĻȴǸͷصնǰɳ֮ϣ
ѳɳεۣ˲ı۾
һǹϵĺԾǿһ㹻˴
㲻ҼǿһȴҼʺְҵţѾûˣ
ϴǸмʸƴӲԹҪҶһδǹϵ̧նͬʱڱǣѪսĳӯ˲䴵ɢܵɰ
ҹж˺ѣ
ԷѾʧȥб仯Ŀܣ
ҲֳһֵֵڽѲСӸ㶨ˣȼպĵĻҲ㣡
ȻʱȺԾյҹȴͻȻڵ
˭
ոտʼΪɳĻϵ۾ӳҶıһƬɺ졭


30 ɢ
۵׵ħĲϸתעļ֮ϣֻǰ˫۾
һкƶҪʧһ㣬˫ѪͫϷŴ󣬽֪Χȫһ㣡
ǣ
е𾪣Ҷǿҧ⣬ǿ־Լʧ״̬˻ɴʱȴԼķĹѾɢһ룡
Ҳһһֵܹģ
ոģҶŭǻδɢļ־С
һ۵ġģ֮ÿһµĺĶǰĺĽһεǿѾսʿҶȷ;ʱ
ûԼΪսʿսļȷǲʵģһ˵ۺЩͼɣ
ھԵǰ

ΪԼδ꣬һ̣ǻھѪɣǿ֮ըɭɭ׹ǣ
¶Ͻնظָ󣬱ֶһصײɳ֮һƬɳĻ
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ӳعݺݳͷϵĸоҶ˼άҲ
ܣ
һжŻٶ۵ĸ֪УȫϵüⲨʽĶŤȥΪ󣬶һ̣Ҷ㱻˳ȥ
δףԷƾʲôһԼıɣ
ꡫ
غˮƯķһ̱ڵأӴĲȻŤȻǾ׵ȫѣȫ̱Զ
ֱ౻ƻƣѪ֮ѪҲ޷ָս
ΪڸְҵĵҶӵżΪǿս
ȻûпעӲѪڸһְҵǿȫҪȴҲȫסġ
Ī˱ֱ۹ۣԼ³
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һɹҹҲе˲Ǿ̬϶Щѡ
ˡ֪ڸְҵĺԼһʹѪ֮ѣεķɸ˼࣬ȸоֱ۵ʹ󣬲Ǹеһѣεġ
ͷԴŤתһߣΨͷȫطڲҴܱѪȸеļһҹҲеһ¡
ȻһѪ֮ǿԽԽǿԣǺܿ¡
ΪΡ
ԵԨһϤ©紭Ϣôҹ˼һӶŤ㻹ܿ˵
붼ûôǿɣ
ȷ޷ģֻǵֱ۵һûжգ̫Сˡ
һ߼򵥵ԷһЩͣҹҲһ߽ŵĿٻסԷʱɲˣ¶ԷҶԴ⣬ÿָԶ벹źá
ǿʱɢľ׼ˣϾһжǰȫһ˭û᲻ٴα
ʱĹͷȻҪƴȫɱܱʣȡ硢硢ڸȷܹӳֲƻֻҪץסڵƽ⣬ԼᱻҴܵɣͯشһ㡣
վԼǵս趼˵عҹҲǳ鴤£Ӧûܴջ°ɡ
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ΪȫӶƽȥ˿ֲƻҶͬ־Ҳһһһֱ⻹ڳɳҡ
ڳɳеҹ˵ӵݿļ¼ÿһγԿһαľۡ

壬壬㰡Ұι
Ĵ޼һæҵĨȥǲѪҹǽŵغ
ˣ˾˯á
֪Ǳҹˣ޼۾´ɳ˵
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޼ҹҲ¶һϲɫ溦λԼ޴ĴҲޣ˵ɶĻء
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ʵĵ˵ͷҹҲȥҶ϶Ƕ˹иЩʬ尡ɶʳֵܳħˣÿһʬֵܼǧҴ׵ġ
ɶսƷֵߵƷ֮ϣĿռ˸ƿƿ޹޵ʩ֮Ķ⣬һռܹϵĹز϶ˣֻû취ˡ
󽫰λʥʿŮϻǾ¾ĲҰӣԺгһ֮ġԭ˲˼롱˦Ҹ˼󣬱Ƕ˿
ҶͳǸʲô֮ˮһСˮɴʱİؿ·ȴǳһѵڵذף
һɫħƴ˿ɢԵüΪ죬˸еЩëȻ
ʣܹ׻ɱһǿʥʿᴩֽһĶȻǷԥҹǿٵذֱ˳Ҷһֻռ
˿ڴȻѪûУƺȫѪһ㣡
Ȼ׿׺ȺƺҲǺֵǮҹûжְǲΪǵǣվΪ˾Լ˶ġ
ɳУҹͷױƵĽֻռݸ޼Ҫתһ¶Է
ƽôʱ֮һܿǵļˡ
ţŵ˻Ҫ̳ߵ־ȥ
һ¿ռĶһѩһҧûʯȼ޼Ǻܹ˵
ˣ˷Ǻǣʱ㿴ŸǮɣǼ˵סַŶЩ±ܷҲ棬ָʰĶӵˣ
˵ǵݸҹһдʲּƤֽƺʱմѪдġ
԰޼һ۵ҹֹ˵
Լȥųɶ
˵˹̹ͻһƨծ˵ȥս˵ҹȥԵģ޼һ
ңҹȥˡ
һƽʱԼҲõݳƷ޼¶˰ݣƺЩп˵
ҡŹȥߵɳ뽫˫뿪Ŀտش
һֲԤͻȻҹУֵ̧
壬㡢Ц
ǰʵҲ㿪Ц
ϧȼְҵģôܲۡ
һߺݺݵѩѣ޼ҲڲܿƵ˴Ѫգ붼մˣǻȥ
еСźûûħ޿УȴУô
顫
һƳɳĮľͷɢǰĺڰصĵڵϣҹıҲ
ûҪ㡣
ʹģӵǿߵ̬ſӵǿߵʵ
ǸͷȻ˵Ӱǿ׳ʲô


ڶ ˹̹


31 ӡ
ǰСҹк̾˿
ɳĮȻƤסˣʱƺɳƶȻ治˶ðɣܻγεߵ顣
ԼҲֻˡ
ɳڷɳ֮йţѾսɳ𿾵ù̡
ҹ뿪úɳ֮ԼһȻĶͺһֻ淭һ㣬漴һֻ۰ŵϸͻɳɳĻԼ¶·԰׵ȴϸļĵص㣬Թķʽ֣һĪëȻϢ

һ·ѧɳĮм򵥱Χ޼˹̹׵ͼΪգ˽ʱ䣬ҹǰľɫڲ޾ɳء
Ǳʯڣʯ֮żֵһӲݣΪƬŵĿҰ˼
Ѿְҵ׵ʵ·ҹûʲô̫鷳ͨẓֵֹ̇ݿĲϵڣµ·;УԼ˼ħǿͻƵĸȶȥˣºʵ
Ϊһ˸·һֱһ־״̬һ·ûлڤ룬ȻֻħѧͽҲͬûаȫĻΪԼְҵ츳ġ
뿪ɳĮӦܹҵʵĵصۺһˡ
ͬɳĮͬĻֻɳĮиɳԣϸι״ķ绯ʯǳΪҪɫƺ˹̹Ǿǽһ͵Ŀɽ֮ϡ
ҪѡȫƧĵطҹȻ뵽سǣϾ˵ڶԼԸΣյģһʱ䣬ҵһ㹻ʵľʯǿ˸Ķ
ԼȥһСʯͷסھˣΪʯͷ붴ڵĲ״ķ϶Ҳ㹻֤ʱڵĿ
ڡ֪ڸ˺ĵġŷ϶͸¶õҲ㹻ڲһУɫзĳҲĿ
ʦĶ֪ûиȽڤ뷽
ΪΪԼµĿ꣬տ϶ҪǹģҹԾĴҲӣͬ϶۵ıҲĽ
żѧͽͱ˿µĹȷ˦ְҵ̫ˡ
϶ͻһħѧͽ츳ʵܲѧͽȻܰĿǰѧϰĲ棬ĿռгһЩϡŹֵʩ⣬鼮ռĿռ䣡
ߵȾ﷨ע͡ʦѧͽյʮħơϰʽҰⳣħҩȫʦָϡ
ȵȵȵȣҹһۻҵĸоӳԺľǸԵĽѧ鼮廨ţžͷۣǰѧӢﶼҪҪˣ
򵥹ҹǷ֣ʵ󲿷鼮ǹغҪԣߵȾӦʵúħˣݿĻǿҲܽܡ
Ҳȷҵڤ뷽һԼֻĻڤ룬ǴֻûһĶ
Լдϵעƺѧͽ𣬻ڤȷʺƵˡ
һݣҪǹְҵĺʹõĸߵڤ룬ܹһ⣬ʱҲ迼ǡ
ЩħưİģʲôȻҹҲܸȤҲǺܻһЩĿǰʱһˡ
ţԼۺҲаˣһֱǸװ˵Ȼ󲿷ְҵ׶ǰװԼϲСĿ츳ôڻҲøȥˡ
˵ȶӿƵ뵱ϵ¼Ϊ͸۸չѾ̶֪ˡ
̣ҪľᡢʽڻԾģȻֻѧͽӦҲʽİɡ
츳ĵļڳҹҲһ£Ȼ㿪ʼ
ȫڣе˸฽ġ֪ڸһ⡱˾֪֮УɨһĲ׽һְҵġ
ǺĻǽʯ
ϼо󣬲ڸ֪вϷŴһһǡĺ̻һķΪԼҲոճΪְҵûãĶһֿ״̬̻ĹҲΪ򵥡
ԼС̻ʱڵݿҲԶ쳣˳Ѵ֮ɽĿӡУ漸ݿϸСĶҲҹܵˣӦЧҲڻְɡ
ɣΪ̫ϸ̵ķΧȫ˺룬Ա߻дƬƬĿհҹҲЩǿ֢走ٻһӡ
뵽ּĿʼԱ߿̻ڶöĿֻһ¾ٶͱѡ
ְҵľħ޾һ߶ѹĲһö츳Ĵĵλãȷѹȶãڱֿ̻һǳԭƽ⣬˲䱩
ҹŵûɢȼոľͿסˣԼ߱ǻˣ
ֻΪݿĸ̻ʵǶ̫ˣһǳɾ˵ڶҪͣͣˣۼҪ©ˣ֮뵽Сʱʦ̹Ļ
ȶͼŶ
ȻʶĿʼֻ̻ǻĪɵˣİȶŶŶ÷Ŷ
ͺһȻԱһıı߳һ¾ͳһͷһȥȻʼһ
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Ȼڴʱ츳ƺǴʲôҹӦ֪ڸͻȻͬʱ߻صһغ嫵Ĳ֪ԡ
ȻԼûѧԣԭҲͬᣬȴĪˡ
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ǰֻʣڰ׻ĳҹȴҲȫ
磬ƺᣬʧȥ綼һ㣡
ûɫûûʱţ
Ҳˣҹ֣Լȫ˿ʧȥ˽㣡ǴԼڿСֻ˼һ͡͸ʯƮ˳ȥ
ͬҰ׾ֹ磬˶һ𺳵״̬

ԣȫֹһĻڲϵľţ
ΨһӵСƲ㣬Ʋ㽥ûһȴ˳Ĥݵͷȴ˶е㲻
Ǿ޴Ʋ㹹￴ȥ⣡Ǵ˵е
ǻҰΨһŽɫͫҲһΰɿܵԾĵԴ
ȤķˣŹȥ֮ȴδ֮һȴķ
ƺƺǵૣֱ꣬ö
ҹͷȻ˽٣ǰҲ֪Լ̯ϴˣ
͵˵ɣ֣ƽƽ
ݴ˵ԶߵȾǨеְѾǨ뿪磬żֵһζǵһ壬ǱľʧÿһεĳֶһƬȷѪ꣡
մ඼Լȥ齵ٽÿһζһƪʷʫ˵ƪ£
ǻһЩĺۼȴҲֻǴѪѣ
İϴ
ְ֮ǵһעķˣȤ֪ò
˿ûҹ뷨ƺĸȤӣֻǡֵʱҹȴĪеı䡣
ԡ壬ʹ֮ӡΪ֮ʹɱûݡ
ҹоʱΰƺѾѡһâӡҹֱ֮ϣһתĸо֮ǰһʧȥ֪


32 ʧļ
ѽ츳ġҹȻǸš
ѹҹΪͬʱӡĿĵԵʣڵʯУۺһҪϹĸоԭ϶ż͸һϸⶼⵯһ
ҪһʱӦˣƺȫûԼּĶȾٶŵѼϰĽӹġ
ƺȫʧȥĵ̺ļ䣡
ȻѾȫصľɾݿ׼عһ֮ǰḶ́׼Ժ󶼲յʱһİĻ澵ͷȴǿʼǰ
һ±ơ
ô£浱еӽҲŶԣԭ˵ļƬΣܰڵʯͷ
ȫİĻƬΣԼȴûһ˿һ⻭ӡ󣬵ҹһʧ
ķ
̫񰡣ңԼǸݿ⣬ҹҲ˽һԵģӰ˵ݣԼȥǲ¼ģ¼ģֻеǴԽͻеĸȻΰ
ǰ棬ȴһ˿©ȫУ
ԼѾȫû˵ʱƮľһ㣬Լ꣬ԼļȫܲǹӴݣֻõʱܴݿеһЩ
Լ֤ǳݿ⣬ȻֿճԻĳȫһ˿©ȥԼȫǣ
˵ľͼ䣬ҲԼܹܵ
濴ȥͨ˵滹Լ޷ԭڰɡ
ֻʲôԼôԼһӡǡ
ʹ
ʲô
ֱֿ̧ϣǸɾһķģȫûħַ£ȥͨͨģҲûʲôرĸо治֪Ǹǻ
Щ̾˿ҹҲʱЩˣǻ浱жԷչʾΰҪԼĻҲǶͷ¶ȻǾֻȥȿȣˡ
ƶǰԼǲĳˣ尡
뵽ǳ˵϶ţ˵Ϊֻ鼮ԵʣҲᶮñ׼ѧϺдɡ
ϵѾ˵һöְҵģΪͻ̫Ѹٲִ٣Ҫúùһ²УʱŻһЩܹһ£ҲҪѾϵճˡ
һ궴ͽԼլıԷӵ쾡£˳Ժ⣬һͷ֪ʶĺУլоȫ˳
ͷ֪ʶ˾ڤ룬ʱʱȡݿеĲ֤Աȡ
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ȻϾûʵʹùĶȵʵʱȷֻ˵Ȱ油ȫϵ·һ
ӵ˵ƣ϶µЩħѧͽ׶ε鼮Ҳ£
£棬ֻһֱֲ̻ǿͻƴְҵ츳ĵĸǽڵƽȵһ̯ˮһ㣬Ǵﵽһ־˵ĳ̶ȡ
һ棬ھεϣ²Ͽ֪ʶ͸ֿ֧ŸڤĻָȴħѧͽĲΣ뵽߼ѧͽ
ٶȥĵ϶֪ˣƶŵôɳ̶ֳȵԣĲǴ𣿸ߵȾ鶼ûôŰɣ
⻹ǶԷϵĵγɵٶȣ
Ҫ֪ΪħĻͻһĺĺһٶȾͻ󽵵ˣ
Щҹȴ֪ⲻҸоþýȻ
һ÷봥ԶԱȷָ϶˿ռҹҲЩп
ѹϡħ˫ޡô٣ʦ֪ʶҪʵ̫ˣѧͽԼҶ²ſЩ֪ʶѧҪá
ѹ˵ְͬҵǷʦǿҲǷʦ
˵ľֵž磬ȴõļһɡ
ѹ츳ȥİţȫ˹ǹ˺ģսûۺĵĵ϶
Ҫֻṩף͹⻷սʽʹá
ֻѧͽĵ϶ΪѾ͸ѧͽܹõ֪ʶ㹻ʩϵȴǱĴǿŵĹħ
ҹҲѾ߼ѧͽľˣԭڵ϶ǷݰҲʣݶǸ򡱵ʩϣȴȫûаܹʹó
Ҫ÷ûգոնҲ˽⵽νᣬǷʦƿطһָħƷԱְҵͨ˺õĴ൱Ĳ
ÿһɵᶼҪжصַܹƫƫ־˵ռﲢûУ漰ʦʩ֮ԭǿڿഫġ
ҹƽ˰Ҳûҵ
Ȼں棬ҹԼĥ˼ܹʹõС֮ġ
ͬʱ߼ѧͽѾǸ߼ħѧͽҹħıʺʶҲµ⣬пֵĳ˽ˡ
ΪѾҪϴ򿪵һ֮ǹ·ˣνǹʵ˵ÿһǹһϵħʵѧͽʼֻҪܹԵ͸ǸӵķģܹͣʩչϵħǹҪǶϵһּӳɡ
˵ʩϡ˲ǹͶӰйձϵģ͵ȵȡ
϶ʹǸ̺ʽըʱ򣬿ǲʩȫԼҲֿڲãһһָǰģ͵ģʱʽʦľ粢ҿ˻֮ǹĻͿֱӿǹͶӰģ͵Ĺ
ķҹҲ൱ѵģϧһǹѡȻʶ˥ʾ֮ǹΪȳΪʦ׼
뵽ҹҲֻ̣˭Լһ帺ôѪ֮أĿ츳ģƷ֮ͫļӳжҲеСڴ
ֻһһˣߺߣʦʲôľסңʦסǺʲô𡭡


33 Ŀ
ˣǵеİôˡ
һһĿռϸķţռԭڵ϶Ǹ΢һ⣬һ
ȥݻû󣬵װȴȻԵ൱ķңرǱĳ˷һ󣬸Ǻ͹һ
ǰǰɨ˼飬ҹҲȷȷԼۻˣɳĮɳϵħ˿ϵħˣϾڳЩ鼮֮ǰԼǷֲʲôɳϵʲôϵģΪеۡ
νɳϵһϵʵҲϵһ֧ѣִܹ֧ϵħ¶
ָ˵ɳϵħŸЧĺôɳ֮ġϵڸĵϴҩȵȣϾϴҩûʲôҪֻҪɶĿǰҹ˵ȴûʲôʵô
ΪѾְҵףڡ֪ڸְҵĵǰҪĿȷ·ְҵĶ
ȻȻľҪǿ֮ǹʽˣΪѾһöڸģǹѶҲҪʽĲҲҪ鷳һЩ
ѰĶѧͽ׼׿ǹɳϵħ˿֮ǹ޲ףʺʹϵħûɹϵΨһҪǵľǳɹͻƺҪ໨ѵ㹦ᴿİˡ
Ҫְҵתְ˵ȴǲģʹõء𡢷硢ˮ⡢ЩħˣҸҲһ
дԵħ˵һöԵģòǸձʥʿСģۼ۸ڴϵ֮ϣȻڲûʲôá
ȻĿǳԽʦǰƷ֮ͫһϵ֪ʶڣҹ׼ȴӽʦ֣֮ǹһǹǹĺġ
ʽĻƾԼĿǰͰˮħ裬ݿĸǿӦܹԼˣǲϷû취ƾձˡ
ǰλ˵ʾԼȥɱħóħҲͬɳϵģٳߵĻѷƽԭòҲǷϵħˡ
Ҫϵħ˵ķҲֻȥ˹̹ΪۼأΨһУӦǻйн˽ﲻĻ׵ġ
Լϵ鷳еᡣ
ϵ¼尡˹̹ĵڶ壬ȫǰְҵǿߣǱΪȫǵһŵְҵ۷ǿߣʵԲ͵Ѫ֮񻹿϶Լṩ츳ġ
ĿǰԼʵ˵ı˵Ļò³Ƚ⡣
ͨҶǴսҹ֪ڶԷ֪Լ£͵Ϯͳ䲻⣬ְҵǿߵ漸ʲСرԼĿģ
˵Ծ沢ûʲôĶԴȶԷ屶£ԼԼĲٿصõ˼ߡ
ĿǰǰӼְĿϸĻʵҲԣ·̸ĿĶԶ̬ļǿԼʱ޷ȷѪ֮ǿ
Ȼһеǰᶼ͵ϮɹǲԼ
ȻһԼ·ԷˣöڸģʴεǿߣٶȵӲʵϵľƣǾΣˡ
οϵ¼廹ǸBOSSְҵҲ㡣
ЩѾ³ͷԴܵǹһĴУҲعôɶαװһӦþͲˣͷûôңȫ
Լǰڿϵ¼ҲǸСɫѣͲȫ֮ѰԼԼɶ֪ԼĿǰĽȣȻ˭©Сë㡣
ԼĿǰʵ˹̹ҲǰʮӦǰʮ֮ڣ΢עСĵĻ㹻ԼϽɡ
ϵǮ⼸ϵֽϲϵĻѾ㹻ˣҡ
ҲҪȥ޼ʰĶȥǵļˡ
ԭ˵ĸףлĻҲӦÿһ´һ¡
ֻԵģΪûӴҹ޼Ǽ˵ĸ鶼Ҫδ桱ı˸һЩ
һֱϥڵϵû˿ֻ³һڷһʹ˿ǰ¶ڵʯȥ
ʦ֣֮
ΪҲǺʵõĵͼģͽṹֻħֽڣѧͽҲգΪļ֮һֶǲŵģôҲ˹̹ǰʮǿˣûиֵȺʲô
Ȼͼʯζһ£ͣһҲǲƶ
ðɣץȡʩϺʵϵľϸשãƲġ


34 
ĻĵϣСĸ־ʯγƬԭҰҪ羰һԱܾҸΡ룬СɽƵľʯ֮£ͻȻһɶ
ͼһ͵͵Ӱһסڵʯ˿ȻٵĶһװ
ǰ紵ŹȥĵݣǸʯĻҹҲ׼˵ͼ϶Ӧķ򣬶Ǳǰ
ΪѾЩ˹̹ˣͲǺƵħ޳ָڸԵıĸˣһ·żܹӰҹ⣬඼ƺǱų֡
ٵˣϰ˵̶ӺǵĻԴˣҹ඼ֻԶԶһ¾תͷ뿪Ҳ֪ǲΪ޼ǵɵӰ졣
һڻĽҰ⣬Ҳһ˵ȫûзҰ⣬ܶʱħ޻ҪΣգϾһƹһѶ̽ԼһСӣҲǴ಻ͷ
ʲôпռǺǣЦһ㶼Цһ˵ӵпռװˣǸΪĿꡣ
Ұ켣ӶʰǣȻ֪Ӧѡ
Ҳˣҹһһҹĸ·ǽΪ̫ƽģģǰѾ˵·ĺۼȻȻɳʻʯ·棬ȻҲΪġ
·һʯȻɵСؿʱǾʯϣϵƤֽ
̵εһȺǣ15-25̵ǵĶÿһֻɵӶ⻻ȡʮöͭӣ
һСͲ˲Ǩ˻ޣɸƻ֮ǰ߻ɱǣÿһԲ˵צӿɶ⻻ȡʮöͭӣ
·άǰ·ӱֻҪܻȡӦнˮ
ӭסСǰ˹̹ףʳƷ˰

ȻԱûˣСؿȴŸעԼ
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ڻ᲻ðطαƴеҲŶصı𷽷ģʲôצӵʳ̶ȾܹǸĻԶġ
ǿ˵ӦԽϵͲεӶƽɵġ
СؿĹսǣб¿ȥһƬµɫӳ
ŵɳĮͻߵĸڣǰͻȻֵĴƬ޵Ǹһĵĸо
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ģһΰ׳۵ʯ֮ǱǳҰ֮УжһҰɫʯɽ֮ϣ͵ĵΣʵĳǽƺܹκν
ӳĿ·˳ʯɽѶ£ϴС
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Ȼ䵱ģĻ棬ԱԼ侳ҹǸеΰ
˹̹ǽһɽ֮ϣԴ˶ĳǣԱ˹ޣǽ֮˹չģ
˹̹ǵ֮Դ
һӶӵޱԵϢʳһд˻ЦƺΪԼڴɳĮƽԭƬ޶ˡ
ӦöҪһ¶׼ǵ̶ʰĶӡ
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ӦԱߺü̶ԷۼһСףˣǻһҲ˳ٴϢ
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ˡ˵ϰ϶аղŻ׬һƱģ˹̹󵽵˭ҲҪʳǾ͵öǿͿġ

ʼ˸ְҵףҹʶľ뵽޼壬ɺǳģǾƺûϵˣǴѾˣӦ
ǻ˼ǣ˹̹ڲƺڷʲôһ㣬ȻˣְҵǿߣȻС£ǵ˼ܻ˹̹Ȩһ㡣
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ȻԼǺ£ڲʱ򣬾͸ӼԼֵĸʣȻǣôΪĿϵ¼Ҫǲܵġ
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35 Ӷ
̶һֵܵȻѹȫ뵽ⶼΪѳġ
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̶ͬһߵв٣Сǵ˰һ˵н˰Ҳһ൱ˣҹҲͬΪԼ׼һ˵ǣͬɢļְӶ
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СĹȻˣӦûֵһٸҡ
ȥ΢Щü۵ĺ꣬ʱʱҹĹӵưƺװ˵
ðɣЩСѾ۸֪ĵҹǰΣü۵ӣָԼָϼλá
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ĪֶĵĺҪԼǹ񣬿ҹҪһ١
ԣҹǴﲻϲŭɫֺεҲԵЩΡ
СᣬְҵϰߣϰߣҲԭˣ·ϵͬ鶯ֵģʶһ£ҽɭٺ٣һ
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ȻӣȴҲǱزٵһְҵҪҲΪޡݡڸΪسԵĹϵвܷӳЧȻȻ·ߵ˶ȾһЩϰ
˵ΪݵسеĶͺͨ˿ڵϵǮֻ࣬־õö֮ͱˡ
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עУҹô࣬ѹ첻ˣֵƨǮ
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·ҲһԵ֣ţƼ޷⣬ӶǱֲùҳĻǡ
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˵ʱ鶼Դǣƺǰҹһͼ̽ǰðСһ㡭


36 粨
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ڲ֪ðһ쵰ȻǼһģУҲǺǸʰĶصļѣ־ȻӣԵĶ³ǻ첻
ȱڷѣͷҵԶͺãû뵽һﾹȻ˳嶯ȻӶԼ
ӶһֱȺͷѪĺӶܱȶûԭģ
ⶼǵֱӸµĸѹѪдɵĹأѾ˻᷸սˣ
ֻҪŪȥȻеǰ취졭
뵽õĿбǴĲϵӿ֣˷ֱܲϵʹˣѾֲ˺󻼵ĻŵҲһŤЦݣҹúǶġ
ȻҹԷЩ߾ҲȻ̲ס
Ҳַܵǵģ
ԼĦȭƳԼΧԲӶҹһ״ƮƮһֱӶ˴档
飡
ڳ˶е˵һζʯ䣬ǼӲʯֱһֱ׵İӣһĹ
Ħȭƿļһʱֱͣԭ˿Ҷ
⣿߼ʿ̴ֱֳҲܹƻɣ
ְҵǿߣ
˸ܳ
ҹӶԷвĵְҵ׵壡
˹̹ҲͲʮְҵǿߣ˵ռ㲻ռҲбǮĹأ


37 ί
λˣлú˵վӶҪġ
ĥȭ׼ǮСĹӺӣ˿ڿˮĿŵذϵĺۼ̻һĵı˵
ֿٵı仯ҹ˵ո֮˼ʱձ飬΢΢һͬʱҲ˻ڵ
ȡȥսѼĴĶ
ѾȫҹֵסĹŵ£Ҳȫֹڣʼһֱͱ˲Էᣬǲ뽫¶ֹˣⲻð亹
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ʵǰһж˳һжǰԼڴĲߵģԼҪˣɽԷȴǱİ̸Ʒˣʲô
ʱѾȫˣǾһְҵףϵõĶʰֵͼְҵļ
һʧģΪλͻȻĳһְҵǿߣ
ܹŵе뷨ΣʱڴеӶһ¶Էʵ侲˺ֻͱˡ
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ְҵ״˵ĻǼٵ
˵һ䡰ܲʹѧ೤˵һ䡰ܲЧһ
ʼŵ±ֳԶԷ̬һ¿ܻɵС鷳ҲԼӦһĺѡ
ھ˲ֵˣûǼҾ׻˹ļ᳤֮һӰСҴȥְҵǿ߲Ƹ⡣
Ȼһְҵǿߣȴƨҷˣ˵Ϊ˹̹ԵĹϵ˹˹̹ǰʮҲǰĹְҵǿߡ
ͨѳӶӰܿƸʱ£ӵְҵǿߵӶ󣬿˹̹˹ɲ׵
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ѪˣͼðƷвȡıţҵʧְ룬޼˸λǺϤģõ㹻иŲ𣿴ϸ벻ҪƭˣʰĶ𣿡
ŵ»е㼱ǵģʱɿڣŭӶȭǰֻһҧִ󣬰Ӷᶼǣȥ˹Ը
Ѿĳ̶ˣƹˤνˣֻͼסԼ
ԭ޼Ķ
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޼ʰĶӵȷֻһְҵףһʰĶְҵĵ찡
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˵ΪҹʵĹϵܶѡͬΪ׵̬ŵȴһֳƤĸоˡ
ǼһﻹСȸԼһСʧñӣؾĳҪ볶Ƥ׶ΣʱൽξͲҪŵ˶˾࣡
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ݵһһƫƫϿһһ˶ߵشܹ졣
һӶÿһ·Ҳ˾ηɫ
̺ų£鷳Ҫ
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ߺҹźۼüչ˿ӦǶǼսʿǡ
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ְҵǿȼպģȴְҵܹӦ˵ģǿ߶൱ɵҪĿٵöǸ߼ְҵײ˵ȳԣ࣬λȻҲ߲١
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ǡɳӶŵ𣿡
һŹŵ߿࣬һƳƳҹŵף˶ԷְҵʵðһȥôְҵʱͻȻѯʣ̺Ҳ£еһ˵
治ǹģ˭֪ǡɳ󡯵ų
ԣ̺ˣ㰡ǲ㰡
ŵ´ʱҲŵ
˼ǰû˹̹ǣ;޼ʰĶӵģ·ϺļԱ棬֮ӦѾͬ鴫ˡ
ҹº󻺻Ŀ˵ǡɳ󡱵˷֮飬Լλ飬ݵΣ޼͡ɳӶŵĹϵǲġ
Ȼҹ˵󣬴̺ﲻɫ㶣ֻûҪƭ˵ģ˶һ¾ˣҲùŵ²ɫ
ˣˣѾûᷭˣֻ취μСڹŵҪƱ֮ǰҹٴοڵ
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˵ҹͣһ£Ȼתͷһĸְҵ׵ϢˣΪ˱鷳Ҳ׼ͣˡ
յ϶Ʋ⣬ȷһλרҵ׵ʦﻹǶ׼ɣˣҲ˵ˣҳȥͺá
˵ҹһǰڷɳ˲ܳ˴Խʧ˽ֵͷ̺Ҳûֹ˼˶뿪ԭػصµ
޼ԸǽָʰĶӵеˣ¾Ͱд̺ųˡ
ҹɳųӦ֪ô
ΪһӶųûҪΪһõĴƸٵԼĿڱͬʱΪְҵ׵Լ
ûдﵽԼԤڣǴԼ֮͵͵һȥ
ǸˮļһǺǣŲԼǴֻ̺Ҫлᶼһǰỹܴӹڲлų
ҹ˵߾ߣ̺ҲǻͷĿ˹ŵһۣƤЦⲻЦ¶˰ɭɭ˵
ŵүǺưǺǣҼסˣϣܻĳͽ䣬档
ڰŪǷǵĹŵ£̺ȻǴޣȻҪԼһְҵ׵ĳͻ
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ͼԼһǱ޴ְҵ׶֣٣Ŀ
ӶĿɲʲôŮ˵ģκŵûܺ桱


38 װ
ô͹ܲס˫ء
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ڣ˵̺ǼһӦҲӳ˹ǸˮĻ쵰ҲܲΪҪһĺƯԼԶֶõ㡣
һеĺôȴǻһԼЩ۵Ĵۣţϵ¼ߵνǿɲ֪Լ޼ʰĶӣķ˹֮ӰԼ֮Ǽȥѧıȴ϶עԼģ
ǰȻһ˻ӳǷȶ෽鱨ʲôȻû̫ע⣬ֻǶ޼Լ֮ļעһ¡
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֮͸ȥˣ˹̹п϶Ҳߵ˷˹֮Ӱ֮λӵʦҲΪѧǡ
ðɣȻͱȽ϶񶾣ҹĻƫģܼ»еܲסԼǰ绷ǽΪټˡ
ҲΪɵЩùļһȵڶְҵ׵ĵҹͿ·ˣڻǵ͵ԼҪȻ뿪Ƿ֮ذɡ
˹֮ӰȷǿȻﲢĿǰԼܹӰģֻʾˡ
ڴ֮ǰԼҪġ

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ټϵʱ̺ǱߴŲֹϵѾ´ˣֻǡ
е㲻ѵҹͷڽܸоЩ¡
֪ͷԼҵԼԼ
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·ϵ϶ʩ˽ʩϣָֽ˴ߵļҲ֪á
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͸һĸֱĿİְڸ̨ĿϾӣﻹͬѡװӡ
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תͷȥǿһò崿ˣȴ൱׻¶СĵһʽЦݵվԼǰ
ûΪԼװ
ⶼü䵱ҩ滵òѬգɳĮҲͰദһʱ䣬ôûֱ¶˵ı飬ֻʱʱ۽ǵݺɨĹ֣ͬʱװһ˵
ҪһѳһѶ̽һذס
ԼĿǰ裬˴ģħôҲԼô⣬ǰԼȷǻʵԼ빭ЧǼѡ
ʱȻǺʣţԼ½ս˲ѡԶ̡
ڶ̽ذףȻҲǽõģΣвǽŻ֣ڲվ棬ҲȻҪãǻһʰĶʱµĶ̽
Դͱ˼ֻǺѾѺ۱鲼ˣȻҲֻˣҶĹԹһ
ֹغĶȻ˿á
õģ档
ʱʱԼϿ͵Ŀ⣬ȻλСҲѾˣѾϰĿ˵Ȼֺ޼ı׾ʽҲЩ̿
ηҲʲôˣɲֽͷҰֹһЩԹϵεĵطʽ˵ҲüʮȻλ͵ЩڵСܹġ
߹ܺǰǳһĳֶһΪĿưרüϡ
ÿһ඼һƷ΢һ£Ȼʮ֮࣬ɴ˿ɼ̵ĵ̡
ǰʽãǿҪ֧һȵѺˣûй򣬽ֻ˻һѺ𣬿۳۾ɷá
ֶҹһһ߽ţСǰЩˣ̼Ļ淴ҹ˸飬ҿ뵱ԭ˱ҩ滿Ӻĺɡ
ԺоƬ̺󣬱㽫ഺȸɢָһģʽһ
ʦ֪̣Ծã治֪кε뷨
˼ŻصŹ֮ϺҹҲϸʽôʵԼĻһһʽƽʱҲ͹ˣʽĺ漸п֮ǰԼùǰͺš
ٰ߰ʮңʽг͵ˣϾ޼ԼֵĹԼõġ
λˣ⼸ѹѾ㹻ְҵ״˵ʹõġ
ҹԹԵߵмλãλСҲԥƬ̺󿪿˵ôʶڿôתһ㲻˺˵ġ
мľ㹻ְҵʹˣǺĶʮƹǸʲôõİ
Ȼ񾭴ҹȫԷе˼ǶԺĹеˡ
˹̹ҲͲʮְҵףȻְܹҵʹò˵ʹһְҵףûͻǰһõĺܿôҲôȼɡ
ǵģƹвڵͼϰģһǹүõģܹøСǿļʸ
˵ҹѾﵽְҵʵˮ׼Թ˽滹൱ߣܺǴô£žǾͺ͵ɡ
ʽڷһѣҺоһҹҲе˺⣬Լ֮ǰõǰѺõ㣬ĿǰѾˡ
ĥҲɿ˱Ĺҡ
ˡ
һ𵴣ڵжһ󾢷磬ñҪֹ̧Ȱ˵ĵСЩСŵô¶ıݣ˫̧ź촽½гһ㡣
ϧҹ˼ѣǴѪһһõģûлԵܣҲûлᷢԼȻβ©һѣȻƻá


39 
տǵԼôǮ׼תְʽ϶ֹһΣԻʹס˶ֵĳ嶯ʵʵ°һǧʮңۺʮְʮʽǿ
⸽һƼ׼һõʽ̽ʽذףܼƻѶʮͷ
ѾǾϸˣһװҲֱһöˮķ֮һ
ҵĹ൱ֲģѡĶǸߵɫ
˵ϵʩϲǴͷЩг򵽵Ķǲ׼ֻһ´ħ޲гȥЩϵĲϸ
ֻռһЩֵǮλϣӵеĲ֣ʣµһٶҲ㹻ˡ
ϧЩƤ̫ռطûˣаǵʲôĵʱҲһˣڿļ۸󣬵һѪĸо
ʱ˼ܵţս˱ҲҿռȫŽȥĻҲŲ£Ǿ޽;޶ʲôģ¿ռڲռӵпҲŲ
Լ֪ż۸ᣬ֪ԼҲñţҲӦϣԼıԼսɣĳ˺޽ڲٵ뵽
ЩʧϣһܹҸɡ
Խûһ˳£ոԼǸֽҲǣѵװ羰Ŀںܡί񡱵ȥùݺһ𣬽˵ҪԼԶٷ
Ϊҩƭľҹ˿־ֻ֢ǱֱȽϡ񡱵ķԼйģû뵽Ȼʧˡ
ȻƯŮʡ͵ĵưѰɣֻŴԼƭһٷȴһ㶼븶ñԼǵʶˡ
ǰΪһ׼ߵСլŹӦҸƹģȴȻôѣУ˭ϡȣԼҪΪħ֮ˡ

ʾħ޲Ͻгǰɽ˺־󣬵ͽͷС̯𱬵״̬ҹҲ˿ôֵгӦûԼħ˰ɡ
ȽԼõĴ󲿷ǲϻһٶʮöҺҹҵһ̽ʮöݶʮħʸ
ǵݱִ̬ԴͼɢĵģϾԸħܶвħ
⵹׼ԸʦֻűõģϾһЩܹħܵƷš

ϵħУǸոյһöɳĮħˣ˵һֻʵǿᡣ
һ俴ȥϴĲϵ棬ȥҹҲǵֱ˵Լ⣬ϰķӦҲ飬ܿƳһӣ
˵Уҹܿĵģ˵תˣȵ˵ɳĮħʱһٵȵħ˴ó۽ֱ
Īڶɳϵĺòã
ɳϵħ˰ϰ壬ҴӲҲֻһͨһħ۵ħˣȻЧʵվеɫģҪϵϵħˡ
ҹû˿ΣֱӵҶ̵˵ԲҾôֱˡ
㣡㵽׶ɳϵϵķ֧òãϵħɳϵøãħ޵ħȴΪѹ˵һħ޵ģô
ϰҹĻԭҵЦȴһ䣬ĭɵ˵
ϰĻ˵꣬ҹûڷʱԱȴǴһЦһ͵
ɳϵϵģɳϵħ˸ӻԾȽɳ֮ľ죬ϴҩЧҲõ㣬ϵħ˸⣬ΪĺҪ㣬תְʽ˵ߴ󲿷ʱ򶼻ͨõġ
һȥʮҵĳӱ˽ȵϸħ˺Ҳһ˿Ȼٴ˵
ȷһħħˣһ˵һʳħħЧֻħˣžϸֱϸ΢ࡣ
ǶϰһתͷȤĿҹڵ
̨ҲǻԾ׼ְҵ·𣿴
ͻȻðʢ֪ƺ汦һӣҹҲɷ˷ۣðȫҶ
Էոչ۲ħ˵ʱҹҲܵһŵľԼһ㣬ǰ˼ѧͽҵӣǰ˼ѧͽҲӦ˵İɡ
ҹͷոͷʱǱߵϰ̻һ˷۵ı顣
ѽԭʦҪЩָ㰡û뵽ҾȻħ˵ƭˡ
ðɣȷݺܸߣΪɶе顣
ϰ˳ƺҲ¶һ˿Цƽ˵
ƽʱôƺνͬƺҾͲˣֻһ˼ѧͽѣҶƷѾյ𣿡
Ѿ׼׵׼͹ȥء
ӹ̨³ӺϰҲֱӽҹһߡ
÷ʦֽ֮ӹӺٴתͷҹЦ˵
ôشҸոյҾ͸дϵħŶ
ĻҹöԷǷ⣬ƫƫԷץסԼG㣬ȿȣԣţϰɳϵϵɵɵֲֻרҵʿ׵㡣
׼߷ϵ·ߣֻȿʹá
ڱҹҲǺܡʵ˵Լ뷨

ȻҹĻشе㷢㶣׼߷ϵ·ߣȴһװ磬⡫
ʦ֮⣬֮㲻լڼȲʵһֶרҵо񣬳ҲӦǰ⸱ǡ
ʦǷʦʥʿְ֮ҵҲǹȻ֮ܳΪʦ
ħİأоȻûԨѧʶǹҲһǿķ˶ѡ
Ǻǣ̨ῪЦ
ӺҲǿЦ˵
ҹʱ¶һζıָ˰ڡ
㲻ˣûҪƭ㣬磬ǰռĽĻݣ׼óڤҩĶԲԣԼҲûʲô˼ҩһֻ˳档
ҹ˵ȴǳһı顣
ô֪
ȷ׼ȥ˳򵥵ĳڤҩ֣ΪδͻƵְҵףʱ䱦ûл̫˼ֻ˵ǵһ¿ڤ飬Լʶļһô֪һ㡣
ԼӶû򿪰


40 
ǾҹʱеһˬĸоϲŪһˡ
ǴЩˬװģĿһ˵
ʵܼ򵥣ݲĻصطֱֲʵţ˵֮ܿӵ߻ܻ෴ӦԡľľĺȻʺϱֲϣЩУʺĿǰˮƽҲΨڤҩζˡ
Ľԭ˵ҹһԴNɪһҲǰ˿ʵǰͰˮѼػ֪ʶǲô췴Ӧġ
Ҫȿ֪ȸӦǴʲô⣬һ֪Ƶ̵ַǰͰˮҩ֪ʶԭ˳
Ц츳ѵǰ׿̵İ츳ĵĻȡѶȣҪְҵǿ߲ӵ츳ģ
ɿȫһϣǼ򵥵屶
һ˵ҹҲԼľ񲨶ɢ˳ҲɶݲĿ
ȻѷԼһҲǻʵĸ߼ѧͽˣؼǣһװ磬ȻҲ޷ڸǶԷᣡ
ԼѾʮ˲Ŵﵽ˼ѧͽĳ̶ȣʦѧͽѾ츳ǰˣһ
ԷķӦҹеûгևNɪһ˿ĸо
ο治ϲŪĹϵˣϲĿǰڳǵüβ͵ģϵ¼廹о˹֮Ӱ¶ͷ˵ġ
֮ҲͻȻһ뵽һϴݵķԼӶ¶˸棬һһס˴Ĵ磬ֳҲְҵϵݡ
תͷʦѧͽ׽㻻һװҡһħѧͽݳûȻϴˣԼװҲѾһףӶʱѾвСˣҲǰһ֪Ϣ롣
ԼӵְͨҵǿӵеһĽṹȶԼǿزʵԶԼҲԼڸǸоԼͨʦǿ׳ˡ
ѧͽķʦһЩʲôĲ֣رһЩҰ·ӵĿ޷ʦ
˲ò࣬µĻ֪ʶǱοˣӵŸ߼ѧͽľ磬̫ˡ
Ϊ̾Ƶ˵ԵЩꡣ
ֿ佱ҹɸеЩ죬ݿĶԱǵȷѧͽ֪ʶȥ֡οǻպϣҪ˵ãû취ѧͽȡ
˵ĽԱߵֵ곤򣬸ǸһӶČ˿ȻǸʦүֱ۰
ʦүŻʳȺʱһĸ߰һʰӲ˰
ȿȣ⣬ҪһαװϾһû׷ߡ
ɿһºҹҲŶԷпԼװĻᣬһһŵĽ̽˿ռ˷ɳҲͬ˽ȥ¶Ѱװ
Ȼе㲻ʦһƽĴ磬ʼ˵Ҫ˹ġöˡ
ռװĽʦҲͼʦԼ׬ǮĵһûпռװռʲôĶ鷳ģѹһĴ硣
ҹֵߣҲ¶һ˿Ľ˵ҲǺܴĽûие̫ʲôġ
ȻѰְҵ˵ͨռ㹻ǴͷˣоʦǷʦѧͽֻҪרҵѧտ׬ȡһռװǮҲ̫֣ʸӵпռװˣ
ڳ˿ӣȻǲõˡ
⣬ܵôһЩʦҲ̫ǫˣҪĻܹõģֻǹ㲻ôŶѡ
ҹʼɫĿԼݣԼԵøѧһ㣬һ߻ͬǰλŽԼɹϴ׾͵ÿˡ
ռװϾǮõģһʲôʱܱЩǴ۰ÿһ۵ģϧʦⷽ棬ֲ鷳ȥҪֻܵˡ
ҹĻǲ÷һҲˣϾʦҲһļְҵû㹻ʽԼݳޡ
ŻõĽˣʣµĵˮˣȵϰ彫ͳŵʱҲѾǳʶҹ롣
ҹȻ㻹ûסǲ絽ȥཻܻĵᣬĿǰڳڵĸ߼ѧͽҲ˵ġ
ҹȻҪиı䣬ҽܵʱֱȡһ֡ҹҲ֡
룬ҹȻǧϣϻ̽Ե˵
⣬̫ðɣʦ᲻Ⱑ
ôᣬʦôæһˣһϣܹһЩأҳֻʦһְҵʦ˹̹ħֻ϶ǹͷϵģ·ʦṩǵ񡣡
ҹĻԵЩΪ⡣
ҹ͸һԺһ·ųֵĹҲϵͬһЩϢ
·֪ˣ˵ϵħ˵ϢΪʦ֣ҲǷʦǿħѧͽͬߵϵ·ߣתְʽĲϿ϶Ҳ׼ˣõĹƶ٣õӦͬ
ĵĶˣҹȻǷ࣬ȻҪеʲôģʲôʱУϾӸոǵϰ̬ȾܿﱾͲɳϵħˣԼĻҲûʲô˻ǧϵħ˴


41 νʦ
һʯɫһɲɣеظ߸ߴǰĴƬ򣬶Χǽ˿Ծ
һƬȫڳⳡ
Χǽڲһ˲ȫʧµֻڲﻨ㣬ԵüΪ¡
ϰĿĿûǣЩ̸ɵĺ¡
뵽Χǽڲƺ˿˵ҹһԵüΪ棬ϵĶΧǽλã۹Щ˸
ڸ֪ۣ츳ĵǿ£δƷ֮ͫҹоҲһΧǽΪ߽磬ʦΪֶµĵŤ
硭
ְҵ۷ǷʦүȻܹɸǿ±Ҫʱ򣬻ֳܹӦеķ
ٺ٣ʦʽʦҲһħעѪóıǿ硣
ҹ𺳵ı飬վһЦŽ͵Ժ
˹̹ǣ¾ǵ֮ĵһǿߣзʦרҵ׵ĴԱ
۲һǰν磬ܹ¼ĲǿݿҹҲͷڲľɫ
ĲƺϼصСľݣǳȥʦ֮н¾Щѧͽƽʱס
΢ԵЩ̿ǣڸŵ·ϣлӭ⣬滹ͿѻƵдһƬӰ˵ּ̼
˹̹ħʦᡱ˹̹𹤻ᡱ˹̹ҩʦᡱ˹̹Ĺᡱ
ȵֻҪͷʦմߵĹᣬƺӡ
û뵽´ʦ˲ѧš
ҹҲǻͷ٩˵Ҳģһʦ޾רһˣֻҪ漰֪У¿϶Ҳ⡣
Щͷ˳ɶΪ˹ֻ̹һʽʦòͷȡְĲŶԡ
ʵҲʦĸ߶ѧͽרҵܺܺõӦרҵĺӻֱƼʺϵĳзֻȥкüλʦʦöƼ
еڨڨЦº˵ðɣʵǼѧͽһʱȤġ
´ʦȷӹɣǰӪĻͼΪڤ롣
ҹѵÿһ¶ûһֱȥˣеĸпҲ˵˳
ðɣǰڤʱǸ·ʱϣһǵʯֵطȷܱȡ
ǵȻ뿪Ļֻܱ߳ɵڤЧˣҵħСݡ
һ˵ţҲҹһһСǰһĺǰСݵűԶ˿
һ߽ȥҹոսݾͻȻоʲôһ߿һۣһնü㶵Ķһ
ȥʲô
һȭʹȥ˵ҹǿаסԼĳ嶯ſƵ˵Լڵݿɱʲô顣
Ժıôɡ
ҹһƺĺܿҲܵ⣬˸ָԭ¼һþͻȻеİ̲衣
ħ̫񣬿ܣҲǡ
һԾ۲ŵҹ϶ԱԼĿǰյ֪ʶûȫ߶е񣬵ֶ
ǿܣҵķʦЩͬʦ۲о飬׼ĳҪĺĻԼĿϹѧĹ죬׼飬ΪǿĹߡ
Եõ˵һֱѧͽѹţҲԼüһˡ
ҵĽݲ豿ģһֱߵĻְͨҵǿǰҲܱ֤ȫˡ
һ߹۲Ǵãҹɫ΢΢һҲе˶ԷԲ飬õĹǼ϶һƽ󣬹ؽڴŵɫĽĤ
ȻȥܴɹȴһУ൱ɹۣСӡ
ȻħѧͽҲСӣȱӦѧͽһ֪ƣıߣܴ߰ȫԣҲȡ
֮󲻸ʦ·𣿵һǹ׼ѡǺڰ
۲Ŀ˿ǴãҹҲʵʦ˵
Ŀǰ֮ǹԼĲŻԼȻɵĺڰħԣ츳վ
̲һںһƽԴļ˵
ʦڽǵһʱ˵޷߳Լ·ûдµķʦֻʩ߲ķʦ
˵ֻӴ鼮δϵͳѧҹɱһ㶡
ǷʦôǷʦô


42 ʦѧͽ
һѧͽۣҪһʦñ͸ķһ÷ͷסҹ˵ҲǷ˷츲صı仯
Ȼ˵ϺӢʮഺ۵Сһöǰװ磬ǴʰҡһΪһѧģ
Ͳ࣬˵пռˣΪɶ
ҹıһҲ˵
ðɣҹĽԼ·ϱףҲûǮ
ŶǸ֪λʦڲڣȷһħ˵飬Ŷй֪ʶĵ伮һᰴġ
˼ҿ佱ҹҲãôûǹҪĿģ󿪿˵˵һʱǸֱӡǵ˳ּʵ
Էʦԣܶʱǲ䣬ͨĻڤ룬ΪʦĿϡٵԵʻ֮仹зֺͱŵġ
֪ʶԣȻҲ޳Ĺһʦͽ⣬õȼ۵֪ʶ߲нġ
壿ѵħȤɲ̫ʺŶʦҲóⷽ棬ص׵һЩǻģ뿴ͿɣûɶҪģȥһ¼ʦڲȣǱӦҲһݣ
ҹ䣬ȻԵЩ棬ֱӴӦˣһ˵һ߻̲һ̨ǰ
еһĺ̨Ƿ΢΢⣬γһСͷģͣҹĿǰĻ֪ʶɨһۺ󣬾Զֳ֮Ƶƥ䷨

ȻЩĶмֽڽ˵ţǼĶĵطӦǹ̻ģȡãγһ̶Ķ̾봫󷨡
ʱԼ˿̻Ŀ츳ĵĿ°Ѫ֮δѾﵽ̶ˣӦģûҲѪĸòŴﵽЧǡ
ҹԺתʱǱߵ̸Ҳӽβ
õģھʹˣħҲеȤܺͲ׵ĵ
˵ǰյķģͶӰǵɢ˿תͷҹ˵
ڼʦֲûнڤ룬ǼλѧͽжħȤĲ׵ҲǱߣ׵ºһҲǰ˼ѧͽӦûЩͬԡ
õģ߰ɡ
ҹһº󣬻ǻعͷ˵ԼɲϲʲôħֻҪҵϰˡ
͵϶µ鼮Ҳ˵ˣħȻԭʼĹħ֮һȴ壬Ծħ˵ħֱӵĸʲô򵥱
඼ʮַڶĹɣģ͵Ļ·Ҳ򵥣ٶȺܿ죬ɶھġԪħʡԼĸ˵ȫǡ巨ʦܹܵġ
ȻϾҲħ֧һϸķʦħоǲٵģôҲɸѡĽ˲ܹյ
Ժеػ䣬ҹҲڲƺһСľ֮⣬ҲûţֱӴֵĽ˿ҹ˽ȥ
ʱڿѾˣһǿȥһ̱ۿ΢΢ЩݿȥʮҵӣլζŨ
һ⣬Ȼһ޼Ҫ༸ֵ׳߿½ӽף治֪ôŵģһҲֱӽһɳȫһСɽƵġ
˰Ҷ׼ߵģ˵һλϲħѹһֱˣɣ̫񰡣濴
Сɽǽһɤ˵СݶЩִ׿Ұӣǿľ޴ͣһֻѵĿսʿ
ȻĻܹӦþǸ׵µİ˼ʦѧͽˡ
⣬׵ӵķ֮һѪӦûѪҶҪ˼Ըġ
ҹЩ۵ķɵЦŽܵ
ҸǴӻĻѪūСӣҴ˹̹ħоʦˣʦֶȫȲ
Сɽǵ˵ȷоֹ˵˿һʦ
λǼʦˣżѧͽ۷壬һ׼֮ǹ·ߣҲʦʵļ̳ˣ½ʽʦ
СɽĲ죬ҹСݵˣǸȥЩ̱ӡ
Ȼȥ಻զأǶҹƵЦ£ֻЦЩӲһһŵլĪҹһ㹲С


43 
ٽңΪɶȥٰĪǮˣҵĺøлҵĹ
вϸ̵ҹȴǰڳһЦݡ
ͨɳϵħҲֻҪʮɣȱ۹ٽеܲ𡣡
ı˰磬ҰԱȵ״̬൱ñҵĹˣ
ôܹأһƿƷϴҩҲһңϵħ˲תְʽĲϾͻԼеԲ
Լ׼ʽϰϵĲѾٶˡ
ⶼҿλˣЩǲýҺģҲҶ༸öϵħԷһӦĲϽн˹̹ûжҪĿ㡣
˿Ϊ˵
Էʦ˵Ǯ죬Ǯ죬ʽо԰ʵ鰡ʲôûǮü̵ʱ
ϲϣһ¿ռļʩϣҹҲЩۣصذ⼸ݲϵѧһµľʲôʱһҪãȥĲġ
ŵʱ򣬿ռ䵱еһžȴڣ԰ƺҲ߱㹻ļֵǣҶԼҲ̫ߡ
ǰҹ϶ͿǶῼǾֱóˣô޼һô࣬ʱ̵ȴ˲٣Ȩ⿼һˡ
ԥƬ̺ջǽž˳ôҲǵ϶ǵԸˣȻǵ϶λʥʿСԼĹϵһ㣬ɱϾΪʥʿС㻹ȹԼ
һȤĶ֪ܷͬ㽻
ӡĻġ֤óҹɫƽ˵ԼƾεѧͽżĻ겢ҷӡʵҲ
ӡ᣿ļֵϰٽˣȥӦʳħޣħ޵ļ۸ǳħ˲ȻĻ
һƽ˵ӡʲôһʹõĿռþߣƷӡЩĹһЩǺѸ㵽Ķ
ٺ٣ǺûɫΪҿǲͽˣǲ֪ԭ˲űҵģһֻĻꡣ
ҹһ߽ţһҲлԼȡʽӡ
ĻꣿɳĮи㵽İɣȻĻ껹ϡУҲزˣֵ
һΪı˵
ͨĻ꣬Ȼµ˷һöὫӡˣĻ˼ĿĺģУӵСšʮ֮ࡣ
ҹ˿ⶫļֵյ϶Ļ·ʦ쳣֪֮ͨⶫȥ㹻ˣԼٶ໻㶼Ӧû⡣
ܣĿģͻ·̫ӣֺܶҲͨһħֽ֮ڵĿħĿŵԣô춼γ߼ģѵ޷ʹĿĻꣿ
ҹĽͣ붼ûľֱ˵Աߵ벼׵¶΢΢һ㶣һ˼ı顣
Ŀ±Ļ껹ǿ٣ģȶȻȲĻ꣬ȴҲ㹻ʩչˡ
ķӦ뵽֮ǰ˵ĻҲЩпȻʵϼǿ׼н׵ˣԱԣӵеķʦʲͻ
˵ٶ츳Ƕ봴û֤ͽܡֲӦóڷʦֵ
Լ֤ʵ˵Ļǽ׾ɿͷЭˡ
ҹǾںĶ˼һƽı˵
ӹļҲϻָǴֲڵľƤĨԼ۾ϸϸ
˵ܺɷ棬Ͳ׵£ܹĳɾͣԼӦķʦ츳Լ֪Ŀ
Ȼ죡˼飡˸߱ôܻȶ
۾󣬼Ҳ𾪵ɫ⿴Ƽ򵥵һĿȻһֻΪĵزôಢţ㹻áĿЧŴһ
¾ʦҲ޷Ľᾧţȵȣ㷢ֻĻĶ
ӻعһֱһ־̾;״̬ƺǷӦʲôɫ΢΢һ˵
ɳĮ㲻֪𣬱һʱµŵģֵӰӶû֮û֣СðˣΪԵΪǱʧ˷򲻵òҵвһ¡
ҹһ߰ڳһ̾ӣһĬĬĽԼһתķʽ˳
ȻǲɫĵȴģЩûס
ȻΪ㲻լѧͽǣǰ⼸λѧͽֳ˸̵̵ĸͬͰˮҹƣûзֲס
ǼеͨѶǰ
ιҵϵħô
ǼһｹӣҹҲǶȤζĿҵ̣ҡ
ö
ǲͷȴҹеһϤϢ꣬٩һ䱨꾹Ȼͷˣ̺Ȼֻһ֮𡭡


44 
ˣϾ͸
ͨѶرպ󣬼ɫҲЩȴԼĿռóöϵħ˵ݸҹɽ׺󣬾ͽǾһֻСɵĿϣӴڷŷ˳ȥ
һ߰еħˣһ߿ǷߵĿҹҲҪһ̽
ĺʵð˵Ǹӵǿսüӣ˵ǰСɵͨѶʲôҲˣաӡ򡰷ʦ֮֮ۡķԤ
ϧԼеһЩϴ඼ֻѧͽĻ֪ʶרҵҲЩҩѧźͲҩѧı֪ʶӰӶûС
ҲֻˣҪʦǿˡ
ɳɫȻԵЩء
˵ôѵһλµĸ߼ѧͽֳҲѾˣ;һֻ̽ɣȻħҲͬȤҾǻвٹͬġ
ڼ磬˵ҪСľݵĲ׵£ԵЩûûΣǶ˵ôⲻѧͽӦÿǵǻôɶ
ѾҪĿģҸطͻƵżѧͽҹ⺺ӵĻҲһ
ħֶȷһ˱쳵ƵģԼڳе֪ʶʲôѵлһӣԼһôؼĶҲġ
ֻ̽Ҳ޳ɣҲڵİɣҲѧͽҲһһ¡
һߣҲѾʼͬ׵˿ʼֽ̽ϸ
СʱڣСľݵб½½˺üλѧͽгǸصĿǸ߼ѧͽ⣬ľһЩĵмѧͽˡ
ԱôõҹҲ֪ЩмѧͽֻǹʶģһǲҲʣǰҪʾܻʸ
ֲ۵Ĺ涨ʵҲڲĵλǷֵĺȷģһжʵ˵Щмѧͽкü˶⡣
ߵλҶˣڸҽһλħţҹʮѾǸ߼ѧͽˣҿʼ׼ʽĲϣΪʽʦָտɴҲΪ˵ĳ֣Ҳþʹ˾һۣҿԻཻķ뿴ôҹҪ˵𣿡
Ȼ˵ǱȽϻԾģûм壬Ҳ׵ĴɤţȻٺò򵥵ΪܺǽͷתƵҹѯһ¡
ԶԷӣҹҲǵ˵ͷһ˵
ҽӴħʱԸλ϶̣Ȼڤ츳֪ʶĴȴԶԶȲĸλϣָܹ̣бʦۻλܻøԵջġ
бʦ˵úã׶ȴ仰㹻δɾ͵ĲǷʦ֪ʶĻƾ仰˴ֽ̽Ѿˡ
λ߼ѧͽأҹ˵ǼΪͬĸ˵ԽĥԽе仰⣬ȫ޷ܽﾹȻһԼС
ҹΪõͬʱҲеĸеһ㲻˼˳ھͽʥĻùˣµûħ似Ȼܽʥ֮
ҲΪҹ⿪ָ߱ƸĻɹĽӪһĪºĽᵱٿڣҲûΪС
ðɣʵĽȷвٿڵģһֱԶ󿪵ȫתŽ֪ʶֻȷٷְӡ֤Լ֮ǰѧϰĻ֪ʶаղŻῪڡ
ÿһζ൱ȷҷʡģϾΪ籬ըˣɢ˼άԶȷԶ߳˵ġ
ټݿת֧֣ҹ˵ĿǰˮƽңɿĽǶȴǴһִ϶µ״̬۹͹۵ֻҪ⣬ȻǰЩѧͽ̾ġ
һƴ˻˳Լ֪ʶһߺݺݵľһѣЩŷ뾴񣬵ҹƤЩеĲ˼ˡ
ҲΪΪԼһνϵľޱ֣ҹĶһʱ䣬ڳѧͽ˫ͬ⻶ӭ
Ϊ֮ǰԼҹṩǹؼԵľᣬ˵ַǺĲ飬Ҳû˾ܾ
¹ڿܺͽ緽ĵúо϶˲ܽӴģҪȼ۵Ʒ֪ʶܽнΪһְҵ۷Ƿʦ鼮Ҳ൱֮ࡣ
ܶ಻̫Ҫĸλѧͽﶼӡ棬ҹҲǺľһͷ˽ȥ
ӣǹ쳣ĳʵ鼮ĺ֮մܿöǿһԵݿ֮УϽڤ룬ټϸĲμӽۻ˳µ֪ʶ
˽»͵͵ͬסһоķѧھԼֻѧͽ֪ʶûͷӦһʱزʦȸѧһ¡
һ㣬ΪŽϵľޱ֣Ҳ̵ĺġ

ڲ׵µġľУǽһƤЩѣƤֽҳҲЩƵĺ鼮ָмһҳϵһּҹҲԾ˳
ͭ壬֧صһ֧δ֮սʱҲδֻ֣ʷأݴſӵչȥδǿơ
չȥδǿôͭʲôҹԾķ鼮Լֱϵӡǡ
ʹ߽׾跲Լ߷䣬ԴӸߵȾ齫Ϲ֮ʹٳ֡
мصһʹ¼Ԫ4841꣬Ѿһǧٶ꣬ǵһֻ뿪ΪǷ´ŵǿߵĿӡ
ʹǳֽ²ǩԼഫ˵ǿߣʿʹݡ
ݴʹʹ൱߱ĳδ֪Ȩʸ
ƺʲôòҲƲϺ£δ֪ȨʸǸʲôʵʵҲ˵ڶһ֪ϰ壬ϰĳֻ߽ͭ
ָôƤҹҲеһĪĹУʹǷͬмôϡ٣õ£ԼǸûصʹ𣬱λҲ̫ˣһһɡ
ΪɶʹʱоôŤ˵ͨϷͬϾҹԼ˼ʱԺʻĸʹꡭ
ܹеͷǣʱƿԽͭƺпӵԼؼ;


45 
˼֮еҹͻȻеǰһӳ˼л߱ǴϤĴֿ
ôɶҵıղأĥӲݲŴʦŪģٶԭŶʦȥλǱ߰ҪЩ
СɽƵĲ׵£һ̤õذ嶼ĲһҹԱ߽ԼӰ˵
ȷȻħص֪ʶ˵㣬¼Եĸ֪ʶȴ൱࣬ϧǣͨʹõħ൱٣벻ѧͽܹӴġ
ҹ鱾£Ȼ˫ֱŽŻԭͷǰԼеһС
ͷȿսʿķʦѧͽҹҲаֹΪǿǣŻʦصȥռص׸ɣͷ´˾ԱȱҪӵġ
ҴȻ˵Ȳʦ֣Ҳ΢Ҹôһ㣬̨ԵĻҾ˹̹ǿķʦѧͽ
׵Դһ˿˵ܹѧͽħˣħȻ࣬ŵҲ޷ӵģ׷ģ͵ȷܹ˲ʩȻȱŲħϸ壬˷ѵħҲܶ࣬ƻҲǾ˵ģ򵥱
ֻǲ׵ԵԼħɾ͵ʱҹȴ¶һı飬ʵѹͲҪͷʲôħɣ̨ϳѧͽģͽ׼ʱһȭˡ
ǹûְҵĵѧͽû취úͶӰԶġ
ôãʱҪ뿪ˡ
ڲ׵¿ʼ׼Լʤʷս֮ǰҹȴһƽĿ˵
Ҫ뿪ȥǶ
׵±סԼҪŪĻͷ˵
ǣ˵˹̹Ѿʱ䲻ˣ˰˼ѧͽʱҪ뿪ȥˡ
ҹ򵥵ҡҡͷƺԵЩп
ΪԽ꣬ľԳ̶ȱԼǿǿϵ츳˵Ҫ̫߳࣬ΪڸģǹŲСĸӰ죬Ȼڸڤİ£˹̹֪ʶһµгɹ뵽˰˼ѧͽ
뵽˼ѧͽ۷壡
ڶǱ˲֪֮ǰǸոͻƵ߼Բû̫ȣһͻƵż϶һˣ
Ϊ߼ѧͽ£߼˼ǽ׶ԵЩٶѾ㹻ˡ
Ȼ֮ٶܹô죬츳Լڤ⣬ҪĻǺµĻʵ̫ʺϾˡ
ǰ֪ʶʱʱĽۻᣬҪɰͰˮεҹȫգϻعʱñͳĸڤЧٴӶﵽǰ־˵ٶȡ
ȥޣҲǰô࣬ĵʦҲµĿҪˣǸоʱŰȻС˵㣬ȤģʱҲࡣ
׵㶺ҲȻ޲ɢ֮ϯǴСһһЩѧͽʦ͵ʺǷչĵطˣο·ҹء
ٺ٣ȥҲһ죬ȥ֪ͨһ£ͻᣬ˵Ժǻڸߵѧġ
׵Ϲһ˿Цݺסҹ
ģ㲻Ҳǵġ
ϹһЦݵҹҲ˿ûз˼ʱĽŰ̱ļദĶѾǢˡ
ʦʵһȺΪļһѧĽ׾ܹ飬ҹ鶼˲٣߳޼ȺԼǰӰ

ɱ
һȺ۵ѧͽǣҹ£ǺӵĻ£¶վڲƺϵĳǰͬٱ
ΪʦƾĴ̼ͨǽģǰǱȴӵŵζĹƣҲԵú֡
ҹѾ˼ѧͽˣٲŬ״̬ʽ㳬ˡ
ϲ̰ļ򣬴ʱǶһԵЩӲЦݣʱ䣬ҹƾһѪ񶴲ɹڽᵱл˵ء
ҲǺһջ̫ͻƣż֪Զأʱ϶Ѿһ𾴵ʽʦˡ
ҹΪеûŪˮĵǫ
֪ҪǱʦǾƣʱôǣǾ˵ǲ׵óġ
һΪƤмѧͽŮЩĲ˵ʵЩƵȷǴͷġ
ιǿɲҿǶóԼˡ
׵ίš
ȻڴʱһľߴԵºȴǴ˹
ŶؾǾ𡣡
ǣҺòײš
׵¸ոսӿ˵䣬ȴϾʱѧͽҲͣʯһ
ΨҹΪĵ𺳶
Ϊ˸֪ڸȻ˿ûԴһ󣬲ڲ׵Զһ׷ӻ˹
ֱϵĳۣȣ߽˿۾ȥͺһѧʿ
ûɢ˿Ϣȴ˿һۺƲĿ⡣
ҹͷֱûĻ¾˹̹ǵǿߣ˹̹Ψһʽʦְҵ۷壬Ƿʦ£


46 
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´ˡ


µͻȻ֣Ȼǳڳ˵ϣǼ˵Ϊﷱæʦʱģ˹̹ǱİӿǺŷӡĻľᶼ޾鷳
Ϊ˹̹ΨһʽʦȻ޷⡣
HighһʱȴϢĻˣһ൱ĸоץˡ
رǲ׵£èһ룬ŬҪԼСɽƵСһ㣬κŬͷȻ۵һ
ɢһ㻺¶ǰ»һ˺󽫻ǵĿͣҹϡ
һ˲ҹͻȻһԼڿ㶼˿˵ĸоֱѹļ£ǿ򶨣֪ڸְҵĸ츳ĵ»еýֹͣ
Ŀҹͣ²ǻĵ˵ͷ
ֻܲץסĻ˺ܴãǸıꡣ
һƽ£ȡʳָϵһöӽָڷʦֵ֮£ֱƯҹǰ˵
ֽܵöָҹıҲ΢΢Щһݻ𣬼ԼħˣλʦүָһöָӦҲ˰ɡ
ʦ

ҹ׬ˣöָһöԷʹýλħǽħָÿֻҪһħˮɣڽָֻܷųѧͽͷŴٶȿˣʽʦܵ
ԽΪԾ߼ѧͽأβסĽ˵öָʦ˵Ѿûʲôˣѧͽķʦ͵ǵʽʦ൱мֵġ
׹ҹҲһϲȻרħƷ˵Աκ˶ʹõͨħƷҪֵһЩֻʩʹãҲΪأҲҪͬȼͨħƷ١
ڡǽǿǺ͵϶ºķѲóġͬƷĽλħ
ԱƵʺ͸ʽġ򡱣ǽ󣬾ְҵǿ߱Ҳ
лл´ˡ
ΪĵҹҲǸм˵ʵԼͬѾɣ¸Լɡ
Ǻǣ޷Ӧõģʦ츳Ҫ󼫸ߣŬҪߣͷһǼɡ
ҹĶϵһ֧߽űŵҡһ¾ٱʾһκ±ʩʩȻת뿪һưŤʧ˵С
ҹҲЩۣռħòƲ̫ܣ˵ռ޷ôӦʦԴķγɵ۷֮ģǷʦƬڡ
ȵȣ
뵽ҹͻȻ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôټ϶ԷǾеͷԵĻѵ
ڴʱΪ뿪ˣ׵һҲǻָ˾ֵĶҹ˵
ο׬ˣŶˣöָħˣܹѰħİҲԼĵʦܵӦò
ڲ׵˵ҹ˲佫ǰᴩѹ֣ѹһֱûֵ½ʱһˣֱӸԼһöָ
ΪԼṩֻĻĹϵλʦүƽʱעԼһ£ҷԼ⣡
ϾҲǷʦķ䷶Χڣʱضܽй۲죬Լۿ鼮вԼʵһҰ·ѧͽûʲôʦ
ҲΪˣŻὫһħԼкǾҸѵĻҲרŶԼ˵ġ
뵽ҹҲЩů⣬ıҲǻرԼֻĻİȴһֳ߶Ժ󱲵չˣҲûнҴԼĻԣǸǰ
һͷһӰڷʦʵµӰҲ˳ɨǻڼ¶СᣬҲֳһ˿Ц⡣
Ȼѧܴﵽֵزʱһ׾ڻͨе츳ڤ츳Էʦ˵ҪҪöࡣ
΢΢пƺҲ뵽Լǰ˾̵£츳ȥƺȾڤ츳ö٣һǰ·ҪԼ̽ʱͻһ
֪ʦԼѡӻ᲻е⣬Ѿʮδݼʦˣ֪֮껹ûлȥĻᡣ

˹̹ǣǽڡ
顫
һʬ屻ԲĿĶ·ķУԲ˲ͷϵĺˮ
ǵùļһôһʯͷȻֻҵһϣԺ󲻻
ٸǮ˾ͲˣϣҼСܹӵϰ츳ɣʱ͵ĳﵱӡ
˵ô߰ɡ
򵥵Ϣһº˱ת뿪ֻǸոձӵײĽӲʬ塣
ڴʱһ˫õ˫ȴǴӿӵӰлץסʬĽסಡһӰ˺׵ľ׽˺


47 
˹̹Χ֮УӵרҵĻˣܶʱ޵İȫҪ
ûɣ뿪ɵĻԱֱӴ
ûԣڴʱƫɵ׵ïܹľУһ۵Ӱһı棬ñ¶е㻬ķ͡
ţ˹̹ʱҹͷҲڴ͸ķ÷ͷ˻ĳȣ˵Ϊû޼Ĺϵ΢˵ͶԵе㻬ǡ
Ҳ֪ɶͷÿ죬츳ǲǵǰÿ¶ñƵȥһε˵
Լǿ˵ͷҹϵиţ̧ͷ˿Ϸյï֦Ҷ
ӦѾ˷ʦ֮۵ķΧɣʽʦ͵ħǱʰ
뵽ԼڷʦΧڣֱܱӿ̽˲ֵҹҲе൱Ĳڣ֪ΪڶԷʦΧڵԵʲŻױ졣
ӰȴҲҹ뿪˹̹ôԶȫţ˹̹ҲǶԷôõĵطǲͱط
֮Щ͵͵ҹҲ׼ԭȵٴνһˣţħ˺ħصĿѾȫԤڵĴﵽˣλسҲΪβһ¶ѡ
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Լûʲô飬δ棬ֻǴӼ仭Сĸоûȥ޼С
ΣҲĵϵףȲ˵ȲȳԷ£Ҫ˽һ״ȥԵĻԼͷͨĲ
ʱҧðֱʹħˣҲǸҹһϵɱ䣬治̸ԼҪź
Ȳ⣬Զȥ̬⣡
˵ϵ¼ҵʵȷԶԼһų˹̹һŵְҵ۷峤·ʤ¶ȿ˫룬ʵ൱£Ϊ峤ȴǲȥһְҵ׶
ΪץǸӣʱְҵ׶ûɳģɳһһְҵǿ׷ɱƶϿǲܳĲǡ
һпţһߴӿռóװлװڴװһµĿɫɳۣҴ϶ñ¹¶̽ٽذײѥڣһֻ׼Ұ͵ˡ
ֱһԾһ׳֦֮ϣƾְҵ׵ǣ׵ּ䴩ƺ˿ĻԱѲһ㡣
ԼǽǵʱѾ˳ſڵͨ棬֧Ǩ޵Ĳ˲ȻǿӴС
ڲܶ޽дģƻ£ҪȺӻѡ
˿ѵ̳Ȼܹȳ۸壬ܹϹһֱǿҲҪԭ
ǿķֳǺҰһǳɹˣԺ˹̹ҲͱҪͲͬһƬˡ
Ȼ˹̹ǽ᲻ᡰǹ衱ҹȴǲô⣬ֻǿͨĽɴ֮ѣɱֻ󣬴צӾֱӻسƯ׽ˡ

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һŽɫƤףչŮ֣ĶԼĴ˵
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΢ͣٷһºһƶĤľּǴ﷢˳
˵ͻʵŮˣǰ׼ͷͼտԶҹҲЩԲۣ˭Լ찡׼ͷȣö𰡣
Ҳ׼տһ¸߾ͺãĪİһݵġ
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Ÿ֪ڸĿĴľҹǱԼһϵĶϼϵıҲԵЩ
һԼĸ֪ڶҲ㱻Էְ֣ҵ׵Ĳˣ
һСͲоȻֵּļһѹô˶û鱨֤Ķ
ȻӵּҪƽ͵ͼӶɵ桭


48 л

ŹǰһصƤŮ֣ҲǱ⾪Ŵ̼û˹æ룬ɵķһߴһ߱ܶȥ
ǰйĽƻ֣ȴûٷһԵҹȴ˿Ҵ⣬öԷǲ뿪ˡ
æε뿪Ϊ¶ԭأתƵ˲Զһ֮ϣ׳ɣ䱸˼ޣ
ȻҹйħޣͶ˵ս飬ȴϵĵһΣ
²ˣһ츳Խ壬ȴҲۺͻƽְҵ׵Ϲ۸˵ǰǽڻĻԼ߶˵
ְҵʱΪվǿ۵ĺģְͬҵȲ壬ԲҲˣ
ͬǧ෱Ѫ֮ȣֻ࣬ԵǾҲ׵öֱ࣬ͨ߳Ӿ߱һձ츳ͬʱӵи츳
û֮ǰҹʶֻͣ鱾ȻԺȴͷΪ߶Ƚųܼϸ
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ǱǺܶ嶼Դһ츳ֻǻöѣǸĻкܶ࣬ɼˣֿȥ۵츳ǰĻȴҹе൱ı
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ǿƽԼЩŵ飬ҹƺҰο޼ĻһֱصߣҪʱ̱һ侲ģΪϰߵĹϵ޷쵽ҵһ»ǿеġ
һְֻҵ׵Ĳ˻ޣҪ쵽ľ취Լ˹̹ǿǵע⣬Ȼ»ڣʼһɱǽսʿһ϶ٿʲôҲ˵ʼӦþƬ򸽽
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͵Ϯȴðڳ̬ȴǰ˦̫ôȻˣǾȸɵ㣡
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һļʸϵ͸֦Ҷķ϶ǶȵĳֻǾȥ
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ֵ棬ҹҲǺѵü·Է

զئӦ?Ӧ?֦?֮ڣ
˫ڵַҹпӽѱĽָ֮ϣųһҫ۵ĹâһҺ̬ɫӿ2*5׵Ƭ
Ϊһ߶ҹʸһͼɧٶȵǣʱȴñ֮ǰһǰⷶΧ֮ڣ
ı¶ȸ߶ȼУҺ̬һĻǽɽȥ
ݵǽʧԭȴֻһƬĽ
ΧеֲʧҲȫܳ˷ɻң
ǿѹħʧûɭֻ֣ΪΧڵĿȼﶼѾ˲Ĵ
϶ǳʱ䳤ըΧĽλħǰĻǽΧ˵󣬵ȴǼΪˡ
ͨʦԣǽͨ赲˽ӽģԼļʸҲڻ飬ҹȴǿص츳ǿнһΪһǿĹħһɱһֻԼͬħޣ
ԻǽǿܣҹҲ𾪣Ȼͷڳ˻ҽԼһҲǱ
Žָ洫ġ꣡öħ챦ʯķ˿Сӵҹ۵ĵѪ
ѧͽķʦͷħȻֻܿǮҰһöħ챦ʯļ۸񣬶ٽˣ϶µĿռҲûмţӵǻȫڻһǮԼ
ҹҲֵأСҪû˵ĻٶǮҲûãҲ۵ʱΪѾֻ׷ķŭֻѾԼԶˡ
ڵȽһ֮δػлᡭ


49 
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Ŀͷ­צСɣϴõƤףǺܴͳĲ
ʹʧ֮ԭͨͫ׵Ĳˣ۾øɺ
۽ǽֻǲ׽˶ԷдܳĶ̬һݱԶҹԺ֮С
ٶȶ֮ϣر˽ɣӽˮƽˣӦǲ츳ıŲ˵ĵˮƽơ
ŶݵĿ϶ҹҲѸٵϸϸԼسȻҪƼã֪֪˲ܵļӴʤʡ
ţôˣǱ־Բ˲רǱ츳ȴҲңʱӾǶʲô
Ͼҹֻǿ۽ǵв׽ڶԷһ󣬾뿪߲׽ΧԼĴ׳赲ֻԤдλá
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Ҳ־еľֵһ˿΢𵴺һ뿪ԭأһ֧̼ƿ˱ľľһľм
ոȥ氡ǣʲôƹǿĹ
϶ľмһѪ۵ҹѸٵı޹ƶҶһв
ѡ֮ȻȨɵķԼȫһҲഩһѣǼһԼ󣬵ƾƹƼܴﵽЧǣ
ʵȴžžĶһȻȵʼƶ͸ľļ϶ٿǲ˺ɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
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ʲôȻϣȴûʲôԶѪֽʵ컯ֲϢħ
ҹôѾһϸħѧͽˣ˹̹ʱȫԼɵ֪ʶڻͨˣݿƣյ֪ʶѾͨѧͽ٣ǳƬ̺оԼó˽ۡ
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齫̳ףͶ˵֮Ϊ񣬴ӶΪػ֮һ˵Ƿء
ϲȻѭתزٵĲ֣һϵoְҲǲȱٺģĽֻǵְԨĻȴǻУŻ޾ƻ
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δ׵ģͶħ뾫ĶѣҲκν׶Ρ
Ϊħ˷ѵԵʣȻٶȼ죬ֻҪ忸ס˲ħЧȴ͵Ŀ£ԶԶûʹħ
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ֻ֮ǰֺʵʱʹŵսΪɶԼһ¾ͽԷзŶ
ǳ䲻⣬ԷצץҲӦǣܷˣȻ޷ͬͬĵȣͷʱ䣬Լ۱ȼֱߵĳ棬ȫħĸ洫š
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50 Թվ
ֻ꣬Ҫ˳Ư׽Ƕѣôôù֪ȥ̵ˡ
һƨǲ˵ʬԱߣҹҲԹһöǽָϵħ챦ʯҪһٶ𻹵ҶԵطõĵƬ챦ʯļ۸ҲҪһˡ
˵õĶǵ϶ռеĴȻ۵ҹֱ顣
˰ֻһ߹Ĳʬ壬һֻצӻ˺ˣֻҲճ˻ҽҲֻܰε˵ˣʮ
һذ׽ǲ˵ݶպúҹҲұȻĴǸħֱ
Ŀǰħ֪ʶҲ֪ԨȷϡУõĵطȴǸ٣˿ƽһߡ
ǿɲóⷽģħƷƷţôօȣôԹеĶħƷȥˡ
˰צӣҹҲֲħֱ۵ƷʣܹͽץסԼĽУӦûǹصģľ̽ͱG˼Сӣ˵ôӰ죬ҲƵġ
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ͳһװͳһʽԱ
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ңһֻ˸Ƕţ֮ǰ͵ϮɱһսʿҲʿ̴ҵʵȷǱȽټļˡ
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ԼǱƣ̸ʹʧһöħ챦ʯöƬֱǿ裬ҹȻ൱
ԭȺԱʱ鱨УĽ⡰򵥡
̵ִĻֵĻԱҲɫܹѡΪԱǵʵͨ˵ѾǸˣѡľӢ
ƽҲ൱ȨڱҪʱƻ޵ֱӻɱȨҪöࡣ
̵ϵˣżּĸӵܣǶ൱ġ
ο˾ڻԱҲеλ߼λһСͷĿкüֵܡ
߸ϹˣͻȻĳôһ֪ļһڷŻ֮󻹵涥ײִߣ浱Լеļ
ݻû̫ӵӰ죬ҲǼ˵ģǶѾܸӵȽѯˣ֮ԻҲǶǻϵЩǡ
ȻķΧ󣬿ȥޣվͨħƷǺֵǮġ
ͨЩŸҪӵܻõģǰµļһ˳ɾĳðվĶʵȴĿԣһֻ׷ɱ˼ֱ֣ӽó˻Ǳ
ðɣҲϰԣ˶ԷݣǰĳҲܹˡ
ֻ⣬ȴҪܣʱүһˣɲΧתģ
ԼΪԱȫǶԶԼļǿܣֻҪ˿õһﱳߺߣȻƬͻˣ
ˣļϰϲ¶һݵıЦ˵
СӣŲٶ˵һ仰һͷıϾͻһײɱġ޹֡
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ԷһֱûӦᣬ߼ĻԱСͷĿҲЩסҧгСɵ˰ɡ
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Աһֱ׺λмԱȻҲǻˣҹһż˵
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ǲʲ㣬Ķħֱۣ͵͵ͷµϲ˵ʬ壬ֵȷһӦֱۺ󣬲ͻȻͷ亹ð
Ա߼ĻԱһеĹɫҰܹųΪԱʵҲѾˣȻҲϲʵĳ̶ȡ
۲ͬмΪģȻóǲϱŪֱúʬϵȱǺϣ
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ȻĿǰҹɱﲢ࣬κʵ̫ߣʳħְҵǿߣʵ;εѹȣԱ׹ߣᡣ
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ӦТģǴħоûˣǮʲô
ͻȻ˺޳ܵĻҹԼееƤˣԲۣ
Ϊ³꣬ȻܶʱЩȤζҹǰϰԣͱ˻вԼûǺɰʶһ¶еɶģɻͷµĻԱȻڶԼˡ
ͻȻһ;ãԼȻΪһϵоǰ˲٣ƺƤ񰡣һõô죬ƽʱûѧһЩֵĶѽ
ţܶµˣǰ·ɣôɲܰǹʾϵɡ
ͷǿ˳˺ҹҲܿͿţȥȡһݱĻҲܲԼʧˡ
ȻȻûȨޣֻϱȥôǶˡ
ԱԺҲһٵͷ˵ŰѳһֻҪԴûблǾ֪ʵһְҵǿǶ౯ߵ¶ǰܹʹ˴ֹǺ޾Ҫˣô
Ǹ˵ĵطǣǰλүȻͬԼһȥһȻͽʲôĿ϶ˣɱϾⲻϵħ˵ĹͿ϶˵һݣһ㹻ʧֲˡ

Ϊ˷жͼᣬԱ˹̹ǽⶼӵһСǱΪƽܹ㻤ԱѲ߶ӵļأҪʱǻΪǿ
ʯʻĵ棬ȫǿʯɽɽṹɣԱߵ϶ʯǼСˤ滭϶
ǱֲܻһЩʵļ¥tΪҲǽڿɽʯ֮ϣҲ߳һأҲûľڵߣѹͲþµҹҲܿĵλüѡ
Ƿֲļ¥޹ɣԺеóͷһЩȻķԼְҵ׵ʵȻֻҵܿǱȥķ
Ա·ҹ˳һ岽һڵʯ·ʱҹ;ȴͻȻ£ЩɻƲͷ˲Զһ޴ӡ
ʲô𡣡
ָָǿӺҹֵʵ￴ȥֻܿһ谵ľ޴󶴿ڣԼϲǲβʯǽ棬ȫӰ֮ˡ
үְҵ۲ǰķӣǵڣƽɶĹصģһЩƽʱֵʬһͶ棬㹻ɺҲûζ
߼ĻԱһƨֱȥͬʱ򵥵Ľһ¡
йζ
ȻԼе㾫ˣҹǿ˵˳
ԣΪ⣬ɳĮ䣬żǻ飬ȫǵͼɫ϶ϲʥˮˣϾֻڣڵĹ԰϶ҹֵġ
ҹĻԱԵЩֲֺνˡ
ͨƽѼõ飬Ϊ˹̹ǵĸ߼̴ӣʲô˵ǲİġ
֪ҹĵҲ˿û¾ͺãҲǣ¹ȥˣҲ⼸죬ҪʲôӣҲ뿪
սʱڣǱĴŶһֱǱſ״̬һ·ҹֳѲ߶ӺͻԱû⣬ƽװͿװҲ
ӦЩȡǮõġ
ԱĴ·һ·ϿνǳͨˣȻԱݵλҲͣпСӳ֮ģ·ϲ˶кĵѯϵô£һһӦ˹ȥ
¹شǵֱӳˣƿĴʱϣ΢עһ㡣
ְҵ״˻ᶥײǵĶͷ˾ĻԱСѵ
ݻһſں߼ԱǰţҹһۣŶû˭ء
ɡ
һŭʮд˳ȴԼˣǴԹˣһ⣬ǿ׳ƽͷӴ˳
ҹĹŹ֣ʱ߳ĲӦ⡣
ϸһҹЩȻķ֣ļһﾹȻһżʿ̴Ӽļһ˹̹ҲŵϺŵˡ
δȵҹ룬⺺ӱǻͷԷ˵
ϵ´ˣ¾Ͱˣٲĵǿ¶¾ˡ
˵֮ȴҲĻظһۺ󣬾ת뿪ˡ
ǿ󹤹Ļ᳤ڿߣܾӰ
ԱߵĻԱƺǿҹɻ󣬿ٵһº󣬾͵ͷ˽ȥ
ʱҹǻǸ󹤹᳤˵֮Уϵ´ˣǿϵ¼𣿲ôɰɣԿϵ¼ҵ˵ռҪλƺҲǲܵӡ
飬ҹǸںһͬ˽ȥʱǺ칫һȥľ߹ӣȴЩʲô
ߣһȺϲ£Դ󹤹ὨԺȺͼļʹ鷳˭ʲô¡
һλӳһı鿴ҹ˵ҪǽĿ⼯ԼΪеϡ
߼Ա㱨ʱҹҲǴеļ仭ҵЩصĳȷһȻǿϵ¼ĳԱ
һеҪĳԱλְҵǿеһλǰ֪Ǹʲôģȴû뵽ȻѳҪְλ
ûм֣޷ȷжϣģģĸӦӦǳְҵǿߣһǵǵӡ
ҹΪԼ˱Կϵ¼ҵԹҲֻһ㣬ϾԼ£ڼ֮ŷԼƺķŲ£
㲻Լ£ȻǷŲ£۾ôСۣ
ҹ۲λϵ¼Ҫʱ»㱨ǿɭϵҲһȻɫǽ沿ڶеˡ
ʼʱѹû⣬ֻΪ´һλùļһ̸ģȫû⾹ȻһְҵǿߣȫԷڸĲ
Ƕյµһֱ֣ȻŽλߣȴżǿ㹻ˡ
һ³ְֵҵǿ㹻ӵĻ˵Ķħˣ͸Ҫصע
Ƭ̺ǿɭϵ±ǿһֽΪĿ˵
˹̹ǣӸӳǿɭϵ£һθµĳ֣ҴȫԱʾԵĸлûмʱ⣬ǵʧְ
ǿɭĻйоأˮ©û˿Ļ΢ͣºǿɭٴο˵
֪ǷܹǶħĲλóһۣ֤һ¡
ѹǹĪĲޣҹŲˬǶħצ˳ûеݸԷǰ°˰ں˻ȥ
ֻҪûϹܿɶ
Щҹ֮ǣǿɭצӺ󣬱һ˲󣬱ٴο˵
ȷǶħƷ֪Ƿܹǵ֤Ȼǻʽ𲹳ģܰǽ鷳㹻һٽҵͽˣצṩĻ˽ٲһٽңܼٽң֪Σ
ĻشʵҹЩ壬ҪצӸɶҪǰ²ĳܶ໻һٽңһ¾ͰԼʧˣǲŶ


52 
Ŷñ߳˳ҹеĽҴӣ˶˵󣬶ñӰµҲֳһ˿Ц⡣
Ȼ֪λӳҪצɶȻǮˣҹҲͽеĲˬ춪һˣֻǰצӸʱʶǶħצһδ׵ľӡ
رĹ۲켼ɣӡպǶ˶ħϢļ϶Уϱһֻܳӡ¾ϸĻҲ޷ֱ
֮Ҳ׼ĶĿϵ¼ҵһ£л͵
ΪλӳҹҲɵõص֤ʱȥӶ¼ӶѶϢģͬʱҪǣҲΪ֤ҹҲܹ컯֮´ҡڵĴֿɵװŽǡ
ϴݣ֮ǰķʦѧͽҹǰӶµְҵ˿

Ϊ֮ǰǴνǣȡ޼ʱҲѹûʱȥעһӶƺţλͷȴҲȫ
Ӷᣬȷ˱Уͨӥħ봫ȵֶΣֻҪעӶݣĻǿͨõģӥʲôĸѶϢ˵ӳ٣ϾӶƶٶȸͨһӶʱѶϢѾˣ̸߼Ӷħ봫ˡ
ҹҲһ֤ԺӦҲôģϾӶݵ֤ԽһӶ֮ʲô
ֻǾҹһ·ϣһ߲ŴӶݵСӺ󣬲ԶһλľɫĸˣȴæԶķ˼
Ӷ
ǼҴҵ뿪ˣƺմʲôһ㣬һԱֻҪǿȥŻ˴඼Ƶľٶ
øոεҹһȵú׵ĸоĪòӶݲôܼԼǲʲô
гһֵĲҲ͵͵ĽСջҪõʱðɡ
ţеʺЧӦ֮ġ
һʱ䣬͵͵۲˽һʰĶ֮гԱǵȷˡɳӶŵųȷĳŵ޼Ų׵ҹһͼưܵùס˽ȥ
ԷǮʱ򣬻ĽԼǮСײһ£¶Ӳӵɫһı齫ǮպãԱߺṵ̈Ŀ¿첽߽˷䡣
ҹ˾Ѿʱ󣬷ŷУʼһĨɫĺ⣬һдŷв룬˨ƺ·ˡ
Ľ˨򿪣͵͵ƿһ϶󣬱ǿ˷ڣ¹غãŴϹӰǵӰһ̰Ͳ̡
Ȼģ崫ڵСɻ治
ǳذӰ׼ʱԱߴһȴǽŵû겻壬ͷҲصȺһƬɫķĩ˳ǰһ󷭹˴ڵλá
ɻжʱ򣬱ǱͻȻһɾѹľʵĵذϣ˸֨˶ܹԼڵĹͷˡ
ľʹλ֮Ҳ̲סһƺߣýڵذϵҹеһ˿⣬ȫļ̴ӵȼûﵽļһ񵹻͵ģʱ򶼻ϸְҵû춯
ʶɣҲ֪ص㣬ȥ¾һʹˡ
ӻóһνǣλͷԵĵ͸Լǰһ￴ºڶñеҹصһɳƵ˵
ҵеصķǵ޼ģȻù⣬Ҳ񣬳˰ƭܶʱȴŲȡĵλдڵļֵ
ʱǰַøӼ޼ĴڣǱҪ㹻ʵסӣСҴԼôһ·ϻٻ̽鷳
Ľ˻Ȼʡ࣬ǸһŲڵϵļһԵ˿ʹһֿЦõı˵
λүнˣֱõĵϰ˰
ԹŪе㲻ڵҹӦҲòϣò̾˶ӵĵطϰһ㲻֪£ȻҲǲܣֻһʼǰ޼ĴȥˣһʱûǵѺ󣬵ǸоԼѹеɶ
ȡҪô࣬·ɡ
ȻףװĪȻһ㣬ǲϴߴŽСӡ
ԴһǰŶ
еҹǣʱùϣȴźüλװĲֻ֮ͣ˵һΪ΢İȫ֮⣬ҼҹС͵Ҳû˿ȵӡ
ǻ˽
Ҿ˵ᳬӡ
ٺ٣ôԵĶҲֻеСһϵˡ
Ӻ벻̫ãôʱ򶼱ӹˡ

ȻֻǻСκθ֪ڸְҵĵҹҲǴˣȫ˵ʲô
ðɣƺԼڳԷʱ׶ʱЩ̫ˣݼЩȻΧۣһְȺһﶼ׽סݺݵһµĳ嶯
ܵҹ߲ƵĴĿ⣬ȺΧ۵ļһ˲ɢͲӰҹе൱Ȼ
Щ˵ٶȿûһﵽ˸߼̴ӵĳ̶ȣͻε죬ȴ˲ɵùĿ࿴ϿʼֵǸȫ룬ĻȥҪץ˿¶ô¡
ǵôһĴֱڵְҵ
Ҳִ̼ҹǰ;ҲûԼʵѾˣҸ֪Σְҵ֮ϣЩͻ·Ƶĵǣ΢һ˵ͻˡ
ҩءǵ̵Ĵɱǰ޼˵ʱ򣬻ֻһģӡ󣬱̫ܶ⣬ڣҹȴԼһǵʵ͵Ϯаո㶨ǣԼ͵Ϯء


53 鱨
˹̹һס˿ڼ˿ڳʮĳУڵզһʮе˿ҲСسǵӣǰһȫǽΧĳУģȴѾ㹻ˡ
˵ĹģԳʯĳУҲӵһƥģˮ
ָĴ̱ζˮа׿İߣҹҲɸеΪģ˵ֹģˮʮһеִˮȥҪ٣ˮоˮ
˶Ǳ̬춼ܹĻ
ܲûгãǰǴ·߹հ˹յ˼Ӻ󣬱һɫľǰнúľϵĿײŴƺȷϡ
ָӵ״ҹҲΪеΣͷ룬ʹõȥӶᷢ񣬿϶ҲһЩ˽ܼù¶ٵ㣬Ҳǻ
ҰľŵĿȻֹһڣܻлʵڣֻǰ·ûһֱܿѲ߶Ӳѡǡ
ԼƶϺͷڵҹݿľʱ˼Ҫࡣ
ΪҹŽ֤ʲôĵȷʡ鷳ܿͽСľţԽһİߵͨߵĹУҹԸܵоߡ
ǻĿͨͨĹҲԵļˡ
ƿһţЩֵĳ档
Ȼһưɣ
ҹеĻȫһ
˵ľưӦ˵ҪٲٵģȻһŨգҹŶñľǾͬһʽĶ࣬Ҳ඼ŸòֶΣֻмٲֲ¶ˡݡ
κ󶼿ȥǵʦѯˣҾˣûɣ
ҹɹ뵽סĵҲ˿Ƶ˵ԼСǱסˡ
·ҹûô⣬ֻǶͷĻ˻ʾ뿪ԼǳŲ̋ĵʦǱȥ
ˣƺСӣôҪȵʲôޣɵùܺԼ֣㲻ڶĳˮȥǵĻ
ҹȻҹòͨһϵж۹ĵʦǿǸ£Цѵ
ѵĻȥƵյЦһ㣬ȴһĪѪܸо
Ҫ鱨
ҹõ֮Ľʽֱӵѡ˵ֱѯʣڵ϶Ҳ൱࣬ϾǵҪͻ϶ǡҵڡʿ
Ϣޣģȫ걸Ϣ鱨⻹ļֻҪͬҲУôҪʲôأǰշѡ
бħһĵһƣӰ̨˦һߵһλãʦһĲɵ˵
츳ġ
ҹһֵĮɳƵĿ˵ո˵꣬ʦһ½еıӵ˰̨Ϸˡ顱ҹĻڸȥ´ҹһǸɵı˵ͷ˵

һԱһλλãһߴҹȥúŵҹǶɻһȣװƣɵ˰ɡ
ùã̬ȣȻ˵ϵȷӦ鱨
ҲҹòҵдʣűŰùȥľ飬Ȼܹࡣ
ɲΪȺڲΪļһػ˿͵˽Լֱֱ㶵Ĵԭ˸Ϣǰ˳ɵڶϵ¼Ҿͻ֪ˡ
ȻˣȻҪʳܵõϢܲɵ⣬˴𰸾ͼˣ츳ģ
˹̹ǣܹ츳ϢѶϢֻһǳһǴϻȡˡĿĵĿϵ¼ң
Ȼҹװһ֪˹̹ĳ֣Ұְҵǿߣ
츳ĻȡѶжѣӿϵ¼ҵԼǵĽܿóˡ
˹ֻ̹гŴе츳ģְҵ׸Уõõ̾ļ⣬˹̹Ĵ󲿷ְҵ׶û츳ĵģȾѪ˻١
츳ģǲʺԼԣӵŹְҵġǿƿЧҹ츳ĵܹƵڸµĸ֪
ܹͻƼʣԼʵսԿ츳Ҫԡ
ΪҰְҵףΪʵðֶˣͨԷıԼǵһġ
ҹһСʦһºɫ˵
Ҳ֪ϢҲֻ˵Ѿ͸¶˲ѶϢǰ֧һĶ𡣡
ո˵꣬ҹָһöӲӵĽҰ˲輸ϡ
ֱԽΪλϢǵȷѾֵǮ˵ģҪְ֪ͨҵǿߵۣҲ԰λĽҶѣ˶֮Ǽһô
ο⻹ֻȷԼҵĶ
ҹô·ʦҲǲɫĽöͬʱ˵
ϢҲǰòŵ֪ģ˹̹ȷǳһµ츳ģĶǣⲢѰһ̵ľƷشУܹκκģȷ½׵רҵ׺һֱʹõġ
˵ʦͻȻ죬һֶ׼˵һ㡣
˵ЩϻҹҲһߴһ߱ϲɫٴΰһö
ЦŽöҲʦ˵
ǵõϢҲǺܴɣõ츳ĵǸȻŬΪѪ֮ĹϵһмħѧͽûҪ״УҪѰҺѧͽ˭Ҳ͸¶ܸǸ˻ôĵļ壬ǿϵ¼塣
˵ͣˣҹû谵¶ԷŻ˧Ŀⶼ֪İ쵰˵ص㣡
ĵһóöҷϺҹҲԼĿ˵
òΪһܴӿϵ¼һⶫɣǸʦ˭Ǵĸĵġ
һԽҹöպúʦǵ˵
ǴǼһֱµһϻõģ仹ӹץˣǼǱУڵεڵ㣬һȴû취ȷˣṩöңܸܽ־ͬϵĻ飬һʩѹĻܹһĴͬϵ¼һһԵľᣬʵڲһĻҲһЩ
ٵ˵ЩʦҹϢҹΪЩ⣬Ƭ̺ǾܾͬʱϸѯǳǱ˽εľص㡣
ڴĻԼٶһ˵һлὫ˾ȳҲȴһִ
ӣʩѹϵ¼ң˳Ҳ׻ȡģ;鲢ûë߹ϵ
Ȩ˵ϵ¼ҺЩҰְҵǿߣ֪ôѡ
ԼҪѶϢ뿪ǰҹǲڵй˼ֶҩɺҩͬʱ˰Ѷ󣬲֪ͻʮ𣬱һװһۡ
ӦҲֵõģԼϲͷɱըԸ߷ĿҲЧˣĻڻʡȥʱ䣬͵Ϯְҵ׵ʹöо޴вοӵжԼ
ʲôöʧְҵֵķ緶ȥõķ緶ɣ緶ܵʺܵ˼ְҵҲҪöɱ˵İԼС첲СȵĶȻҲҪõ


54 ȵ
ŶѽѽΪ߿ϵ¼ˣû뵽Ȼǵ͹˰ͳа塭
뿪˵صҹڴҲһЩͷ
Ŀǰڵİڴϵ¼ϢʱҲЩĿǰ˹̹ǵĽ״̬ȻΪϵ¼ҺͳаԵġ
ϵ¼һ㹻츳ģȻҲ¼֮һ⵱ҹеЩ
ۺʵϻǵϣɳ˦ϵ¼ģʮְҵǿߣǣǣǸ߶˻ǻϵ¼һڣ̸ɭҵʷ׷Ѱʱڣ˹̹ǵʷҪƾõöࡣ
º;Ϲһ㶼ûĿǰҲǶһоͷΣʷȴܿ³ĵƣұߡ˯ȵȡ
ʮǰɵ֮ʱȫңһɭҼҴսδ֪ʦƿϮһɭҿѵרҵǿߣұ߼ħˡ
ǵլлûϲְҵ֮ڱ֮ʱܹѡ񽫽ľȫְҵĵУֻҪܹǽĳضʱܻ̾ٴӵһս֮
ѵרҵǿ߾ɭҵ̵֡
ν˹̹һŶʮĿϵ¼ңʲôֹϼȡ
ΪΣĴ̶ֳȵĶԿɭҲȥ͸֧ĵ̣ɴӸȴѾ˲֮أⲻǿϵ¼ܹƵġ
ƫƫģϵ¼ҾôˣҾȻɫû·磡
ǰʱǵʱҹ˵⡱һְҵǿߡ
ָ޹ɵôͷҹҲʼ˼ҶСӿˣҲòѧԼ˼⡣
鱨ж츳ĸȤҰǿʩѹ
Ҷǿϵ¼ҵ峤϶һԵľΪնЩҰǿԼһߣǳΪԼԿļȷ棡񵱳ҶԼһ֮
ܿܵй¶鱨ǿϵ¼ԼΪ֮
һҲܹΪοϵ¼ܹ߲ʤ΢ռˣΪĹϹ壬ɭҿ϶棬洫Ϊ롣
ɼˣϵ¼ԼġĿĶʱڻȡ˺ͳʱȴҲȻ޷ԸɭҵļҴԼδ֪ƣǰǡСС֡˲ɭҵĸһȫչ׶Σɭȫ漱Ҳӵ̵
˵
ԺһҹǲԾ뵽ǿɭϵ¶ԼҪħצӵĳȻ뵽ǽܽ޵ĹͷȺͬʱԺֻĻӰҲһ
Ǳô
Ѽ㹻ѶϢ鱨ҹƺҲķʲô˲õ顣
ֻǸְѣл;ȿûҲܹˣĻ
ͷϸ룬ʵڿϵ¼£Լûֱӹϵġ
ǿÿϵ¼ֽҰְҵǿߵ뷨Լһ㱣ɡʧֱˣҲԴΪһȱסС
ֱϣֳһӪȵĻԼͷͨ

ڶһ磬ҹʹҴ˷ҵһû˵Ľ䣬һͷ
ѺصѾ֪ˣ׼ȻʱȵģʣһֱǶñ˼˽Ա߻Ҳ̫˵㡣
Ի׼õһʿװܹĿĴʿñϽ˿߾ƬֻҪǽϸĻҲϲġ
Ȼ϶ҲǸһֱΣԼԼ֪룬Ҳ޷ɲȵĿġ

˹̹ĳǱΪĹϵסլסµĶǷǸĺŹ壬ȻΪʱĹϵĿǰϵ¼լڳϵӶ⴦ݵĵضҲһױԺ
̻ҲΪȺģߵĲĶƷΡħСݵȵȣӶ൱Ĳ
ǶЩпõĻװƷ˵ͬԷ;ĲӶľưʲôĶԱҲȫĲһˣֵҲӿɾʱʱ
ʦλصؿһħСݵ꣬һЩͼħƷʵʱĲġ
ǲڵĴʿ·ϣҹǸе൱ıŤװ絹ŵķǰƬġ󣬿ɵĶȴû취ҹѧЩϰߡ
ʱۼѧżһװ·˶еˡ
Сһһʱʱͣʶһ̫ƽøոմҰûõҹе˼Ϊ
뵱ʰĶΪƱͬ飬ֿǰЩÿյʱ˷֮УȫΪƿǵĸǣҹеʲôž·жǡ
ʲô磬ƺ޷İ
ܲˣϢһºˡ
ΪĲȻͱŤҹһӵĴͲ֮ʱҲѹԼֱӳȥ
ⶰҲǸϸߵĽˣȥҪλãƾԼϸ۲ĻӦþɴˡ
ҿװҲζڸӦҲаɣʱԼģʲôĶˡ
ƽʱҹǺʡԼõģ˵ײȺƽһʯͷĺҲͨİͨʳˣħʲôڳڳԳɱ̫ûǡ
ԼǻħɣǴҰߵʳ
ȻѾСǮԼҪԵӴ˵ȫֻҪǮܱøǿ־ĺһֱ̻ĵס
ӭ١
һŮӭһſзͬʱӭôδֳҹĵҲеƮƮȻǰԼԼȻҲֵط܅ȡ
ǰҹҲɰ̾ǴôõˣΪȻ˿Ƽķչܺݻȴǰ١
Ԥ𣿡
һλŮӭŤűΣҹǰĹ˵Ȼҹĥǹģ±ϻǽΪɹġ
ûУһ¥λ
Ϊ˾¶ŵĿܣҹǿаڳһƽĮӣһֵȻĿ˵ƽ£ǿСĸȴͨͨļţطڲòƱ濴ȥҪߵ᲻ѳƻԤ㰡
漴뵽Լְҵǿߣ˹̹ǰʮǰʮĴٷԲĻǺʲô
к˼ʱŮӭɫȴĹȻλ˵㣬ھ·Ҫȥ¥䣬¾Ǽλٳֵĺ֮һˣû뵽ԼȻܹ˵Ȼ桭


55 
ݳްⲻô
òӭ¥ҹǸڷŽ辰󣬿ԼպϵĲҩ֪ʶҲϳʲô֡
񻨣㹻ʽҩʦʹôĸ߼ҩˣ㲻ҩĻҲӵȽⶾЧȻ֪ļ۸񣬵϶ҲˣﾹȻΪ辰
ҹҪ͵͵ժȥ˷ѰԼء
˵װҪʵö࣬ҹ񻨾Լ⿴Ƽ򵥵װ꣬еĻҪԶԶ棬ֻΪӪһľȻĻɡ
Ŀռ䣬û÷յİ䣬еֻмһɨȥȴֻԼһſˣϵӰӦһò͵¡
ҡǵﶼܼ
⧲ιһڹҹз޷޵ѹµһѻͷ
ҲûĿģѡһڽֿƫƫΪλõԭ򣬾Ƕ»ԶԼĸ̸֪֮
һЩӪŻĻʲôѾ˷ļڣɫѾֵùˡ֮ġ
һȫ׷պܣʵ磬ȫ֮ܲеĸо䣬̳ɲŶԡ
һֵײͰɣ뾲
һиǶտҹȻֹ󣬶òӭ˵ҲûҪ˵ʲôģһ͵ӡ
ôҲǴKFCָߵѳģҹıȻôģġ
ЩźĿŤ뿪ߺҹҲ£Ʋͷװ羰Ŀ˴ֵһӾеĽֵпݣԿϵ¼ұԺΪģһл˿
·ʮѶȵ·ߴĴƴ壬ѡʮˣȷĶʮˣݻϵжΪ߷Ӧߡ
Ŀĵ治Ǹǵģ²Ѫ֮ҹĶҲһһģݿе֪ƣṩݣҹĲȵ㹤൱
Ȼռһӽܹʡ鷳ܹҵֺʵĵطԼǻǡ
Ҫȱصľ飬϶ܹȵľȷСΧǰҲѾȫܹͨ̽ռ鱨ˣʽ첻
ҹò֮ʱһ˵ζȴҲͬǿ˵ͷһֻԼòӭһµСͳԼǰзһ𽫿θơӡ;ߡͽԼһʳڷźá
ǵ۵ƿǹʳָ󶯵ζȴŨ˿Ľɫδ֪ŸոƿڵİҲڲͬӾ̼Աߵĵ׺߲ˣԼϷֲȵĵζ֭һγһֶص
ǰоȥǾƵһپܣĳ̲סֱʿˮˡ
ְҵǿߣ㳡ʲôԺ϶Ҫżġ
ǰڹܱõַڷʦʱҲӦߵϰߣǰ跽棬ҹû¶š
šп۵ĻƽţǲʲڼĴУĴ̼ζ٣˳źθкһϤůӿ֫庡Ҳůҹ״̬Ѹ侲
Ϥ
ħ⣿һʳĽλħ⣿⿹̺ѪҲ㹻ֻͷˣʸǺӲⲻһΣ
лżλҩΪϣ嵭ħѪİԵʹ²ͨʳҲõղˡ
ðɣǺܺóԣͷȥˣҹһ˲ȴζ˲ˣԺвϻŵ޼Լ̸Ļ
ǴԶЩɻȥɶģǮ˵ɲܹ˽ģеչϧñ氡ܴ߻׽ڸкõħ޻ȥ۸񽫻ߣڸкã̲壬ȺǮ˵
һ¾ҹеձˣҰԵħĲ٣ɳ˵ɱ̫ˣ̫ˣ̸ϸĴҩĵӣȵҩ˰쵰
ѹĪô٣òƸӵķҲûԼߵӡ
ѽԼҪѾˣҪɴҸֱӴӴ߰ɣʲôĳһҲûɶɡ
Լǽٸƶ
ѾزҹҲ׿˹ǣʼͷԸϵʳۣԽԽóԣͣ
͡Сůθ
һϵеʳҹһķҲҿԱߵķ̫ҹһ֪ôƺǶʱǾԶĵݹµĶֻҪְҵ׵ķӦٶȣӦ˳ӦǵĶȥ㲻¶š
һͺŽҹҲһֱԼһ¹ӾҪ԰ôԽԵԽĸ̾ʦǿ
ħҩĴ䣬ĸʳҲศɽҩЧѪ˳ȴֲ壬ݿƣǼϰҩʦҲ
ԵԼҪˡ
ͷͷĥô֧վԱźķǺ·ʱһȴǴӲԶ˹
֪λͽ٣δԶӭֻ³Աˣ֪
ģȴһ̬ȷӯЦĶׯֻǻ˵һ룬ո߽ǰȫİ׺޵Цȴǲɶ¡
ȻߺޣҹĲˣڵҹȴѹûɫ˼ֻ군Ҵͷ
ΪӭڹƵ곤
⻹˲ԶһߵǶʳ͵֪˵ǰĴݣ˹̹ǳɭ嵱峤ĵڶӡ
ҲΨһˣ˹̹ǵ֮Ůˣ
ǰߵĲΪȤ˽ģרдѵģͬԷݲһˣԥҪҪкһ¡
ҹ˸ۣҪô죬е²̨ΣѾһϵ¼ˣѲɻðѳҲô
ԽƯŮԽ£ԭ˱ŪĻһֱӡ̣ҪСӦԣ˱³
ȿȣѾ˷ļڣɫѾֵùء
֪δǰεҹһǵİ֮ǰǶʳ˵Ļѧõİ˹ֻ˵ͺˡ
˫ԼĿĺɫƺԼøӿ


56 Ǳ
ĿԣһƬصա
ܾ͡û˼Сһˡ
Ƭ֮ȴһ»֦׹Ц͸߶һ󲨶ֻǸոոԼ˷ǽҹûб־ɫԻ󣬷ǾһЩֵĵط
˭СһȫҶСһôС𡭡
Ȼǰλܹһֺò˵ĳѾ֪ԼĳˣƺȽϺô򽻵֪ܲܺŪȥţʵڲ۵ĳǮҲаԼá
δҹеͷ꣬Ǳ߿ʼЦֵò곤һ̱ͱ
ȺҲʲô£ʱʱЩӹļһð
ԲԼĻҹʱʹвˬ浱ԼԸѧַθϰ߅ȣ浱үûǮ
ٽҵʽϿɲ˵Цģ൱ڵñˣֻǌ˿᲻öѡ
ߺߣȥַǮҷص㣬Ҫҵ˸
ҹеѪӿ׼һǮʱȱ¶һȱȱı飬İ˰ֶԱߵķ˵
ˣȥ󶴴򹤰ɣʮͲˡ
ʮܻ壿
ȻҪȥʮꣿһѵĪĳϰٽң
˵ҹԼһױװͷûôǮһٷô࣬ʱͽǰǡء˸֮ȫ׻˵
š
һ̤˴ϣͷǱЩȻȴԵñȿʼװ޸Ȼ˳۵ȹֵ
ɽˮڡ
˵֢˵Ļವһ뿪ʧԶ¥ϡ
ô˵ǺģԼµӦòɡ
ְҵ׵·ٶȣûͬΪְҵ׵ĸǣƣȻͨ˿סġ
ǰƭԼһٷԵС˵һܶٵĻಡһ뿪е㷴Ӧȵȫع󣬲ҧЩߺ޵˵
Ȼְҵףְҵǿ߾Ȼ԰ͣҼסˣ
վǵλ߹ĳˣ˵Ϊ⣬ϲͷ¶棬λϾԷǿ԰ͺŵ·ٶȣȴ޲˵˶Էݡ
ڵְҵǿߣжӦǽڴǵҰְҵǿߡ
쵰Լְҵǿ߲˵ٷıǿģɱȻôߣһٷһλְҵǿߵĺøУôɶǻرǰֽʱ̣ʡ
ƫƫһ
ף˵ǿϲ͵ϲ¶Էǰֳ԰͵ľٶȴֺνĵ͵ȫʲôһְҵǿαװԼĹΪһٷ
һ˫ˮĿɨǰڣֿǰӦĽֵͻһ˿ԭΪԵЩŭĽգ¶һ˿ЦЦı顣
ϵ¼ұԺδְ֪ҵǿߣǶ츳ĸȤȴֲԸܿϵ¼ʹĴֻߡ
ǵɻǷһٷ˵ʲôʱҪ㻹ġ

СƯŮ£ɲԭֲҾУǳĵ꣬ӦòҵжʲôӰɡ
һСУ»˶װҹһһϵһֹ
ѡ·ҲȨģȻϵ¼Һͳͷŵ˵ĵ˹ϵԼԶٰ׷ѣ㲻ڸԼҶֶ֪һᳯǷҲࡣ
Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬ѾȵˣȴҲá
ԼѾˣܾܲȳĵÿˣγ֣жΪıܣжΪԼ⿴ߣԼʵҲ֪
ҹǿǾ͵£ȫĻǹǰҲȻʧɫݴžһǨ룬Ψһ֮Ů
һ̫ãѾ޷֤
ĳֻУɫñͬʱӰ̧ͷ˶£µҲһ鶯
˵ºڷɱҹԴӫ·ƵҪǰҰʱϲҹɫûôɭˣȴһҪ
ҲһƬһڡ
ˣôǷǲҲϡһЩء
Թֹһҹһֻҹ飬ϵڽֵӰд
֪Ĵǿڸ涼൱ƽӹְֻҵ׵ĵױ׼ĸ֪ӳɣĿģܵһж׵ͨӾ˼ѧͽĸӦȫԺ֮С
ϵĿԤĴٳĲϱ仯û˿ע˿ϵ¼ұԺǽǡ
Ӧ磿Ǵ壬ǲƴء
ǽǵҹûмŷǽ룬̧ͷΧǽϿտմƲƲ졣
˵ǺܵͼĸӦ磬ֻԤãӦбԺļγɵģʩְҵ˵ȴ㹻ˣǷϵְҵ۷嶼޷𾯾ͨ
ȻȴԼˣҲǸ߼ѧͽѣܿܶԼʶǼһĸ첼ģҪ˵ĲǺ鷳Ҫ󷨵ĻȥȴҪ̫򵥡
Ц˦˦?
ڿۣڳһƺҹһģǰһģһûٵķԽΧǽ뵽˱Ժڲ
ӦıһȱڵĽ¸ԭҹҲ˿
ѹζһ̳󣬿Ź˵ĸ֪ϸ̽һҹǷԺڲķ˵Ϊɢ
ΪôôⶼǶԼġ


57 
ֶһιȥ̴ӣ뻨̳ӰҹҲЩԳ
³ɳ꣬վЩ֮ʅȣûбͬԼڵ֤ȴҲûҪȥı䡣
ڽһŪιȥ֮ǰҹѾõԼҪϢ͸ּ򵥵Ըֵͼ̴ӣҲܹȫȷ϶Է˵αֲԼǷȱĶ̰塣
һĴױԺ֮УҹжûֲֻһԺ滹ӵŸߴϵԤ磬ڲķȷ̫⡣
ɹƿ˼ɢѲߣǱ뵽Ŀĵصļɽ󣬲ͻ˽ĵһϰ
˽ελþʹɽ֮£յṩ鱨Լոն̴ӵĸ󣬶ܹȷԺµιѺķȫְҵ֮֮ˡ
ˣڴǺܵģȫڼɽڲļΨһڣźȫӵſؽݺ˲飬˽ڲҲӦпϵ¼ҵļְҵǿֵࡣ
˵ȷÿʱÿ̶ְҵǿ̴ֵ࣬ӵĵλҲ֪ͬ״ȴҪս׼
ϵ¼ҰְҵǿУոս׵ԭɳޣһǡ
赣ĶԷǿļҹϵļһҲ㹻ͷ۵ˣеĵɲ͵Ϯ
Կ˵ԼϣжûŵҶְҵˡ
ͨǿҲ㹻Լһˣҿϵ¼ѪľѸʻ൱
ְҵУڿϵ¼Լҵģ̽鵽Ѫ˵ľײЩҲǻ൱ͷ۵ġ
ǵѪֱӾսĴսѪ
ӶԸֻħˣҹӹԼԼл㶨ǿߣһԲͬǿ߸㶨ҲǷַӵ¡
˿⣡
ְܹҵǿߵľƭϾƺǷֳ˼㣬ֻҪصĲڵһ㣬ƭδû֡
йȺְͬҵǿԿľΪԱȣҹҲֵҪԡ
ͷ˶Ҫ԰ڵ̴ͨǶĵطҪɹ뻹Ѷȡ
𿴾һżèۣԽּ򵥵豸Խ赲󲿷鷳
ԸߵöþͱԼƭˡ
ĸߵ磬ʵţߵʹֲѾ˼ɽڵҹһ޴ֵĸо
ƺֻбĵȴ˳࣬ʳ֮˽ȥ
֮ǰǸε̴ӣǱȫĨɱĨһкۼĻдѴѵʱṩҹӻȴɼȻԼˣǴʱͱҪӦĴۡ
Сʱ
ԼԤжԷʱ䣬ٿǵڲʱ仨ѣٳһʱ⣬ԼֻܵȴСʱ
ˣԼ֮ǰѡҲûкڣԼĿǰһ⵱һϰߣԼҲͲԼˣ
ҲҡͷԳԼααƣվǶԭ˵ĸײû˵ĸоֻǵΪȴһԼͷͨ
ǻԼĸĸԼ˽̬ԼὫһпܣԼļˡ
ôɶأԼͺã۱ֻˣɡ
ҹ̲סԺ֮ʱҲ֪ǲһʱ˺ñһֻͰӰȴǴӻ԰·ϻǼɽߡ
ְҵ֪ӳɣƮζԺ𽥹̣Ѿʵҩ֪ʶҹԺвƮˡֹѪҩۡ
ִ̱ǵζʧܵƷƷǱˮϡ͹Ʒ
ֹѪҩһճŨһǿʴԵͼҩ÷Ҳãֱ˿ڣܹɱȾҽ˿Ѹٽʻ𤡱ͺŨܹƷγһĤһ㣬γһֹѪĤ
ֹѪҩرʵֹѪҩһˮϡͺȻܹͬ˿ڣֹѪԭȴرˣ
ƽ˿ֱ̽һıֹѪȫ˿ֱӸʴͺϡ͵ƷӦһ㡣
ǾУҲΪ˽ʡɱʹֹѪҩϡ͵ֹѪҩֱɴ̸Ʒ
ǰʲôطҹȴΪλƷˡ
ҹľȻͰҩ䣬⡭
ƺڴʹô
뵽ҹȴ΢΢һͻٻһӰͰҩ°һԡ


58 ̷

صĵΰ֮һġ֨󣬰汻һСף¶һ˫Ѫ˿۾
ҩˣǿ֤ⷿ
ӽһ־һ֤СȥҲûôͽŴ˿
ֻǧģǧշģپҲܳڱһָѹ״̬رϵʱϰ߽Ϊһֺܿµ
̸ŸߴϵԤ磬ô궼û¡
бѾƻԤҹǰô˳ĽУԼЩˣ˷Լϸ˼׷ôңȻһµĻᶼûС
ոմŵδ˵ʲôͻȻǰһڡ

ĵ֮УͬӵŴ½ĳʪһùζһŷֲߵߣǽϹź͵ƣżȼյž
ĵ㾡ͷĶ֮УȴǴԼ̸
һѪģӰĵżչֽҲȫסΪ̶
ͷ˿µѪռ۾ֻǻ΢֤Ĵһ㣬ʱ˵ǰȴǰȻվһλŻװԴ̱֮ɫӡ
ϵܣǺαأȻ֪ԭȵļжô˲𣬵ҲǹȥʽˣѼĶȥǶԵҫ
ǿ̱ӣһȰ˵ı˵ֻľͰнδ֪ҺĳԼ̾ȴȰȰô򵥡
Ҳ֪ǲˣ̫ԺƤûһ£ȻĬ
ϵܣϸѵʱ򣬽ģӦ취ݶ黹Ҳǣһϸǰң
̱ӣһʹļ׵ı˵֮ȫⱻĥԲһ㡣
޳֮ԣ飬ѵ̧ͷǻδѪȫǿܹĺ۾λǰĺѣгԹ
ڽԼץ˵صĿϵ¼ңûôԹޣΨǰ֮ȴǲԭ£
ôҲûðϸƯһҲװòһǰȻҪúϧôһֱ㾹Ȼӵſɴе츳ģ֪ҵĵжô
ѾʮˣڲͻƵְҵףӳҲʮѣ㽫ܷڿ¶Ѿˣδܴﵽְҵ۷壬ѾһΣôٴңúõĽʣ֪ܽһѵ𣿡
˫ְڶſǰ飬ɳһʹı˵ƺ鵢һ㡣
ƺ뵽ʲôԱ߰ͰɫҺ壬һ߳ǰȥһ߼˵
Ŷ˵̫ز˵ɣģŴֹѪҩһͰӦÿ쵽ˣͰȸˡ
ԭһֱûж飬һ̶ֱܵĬԺȴȫƵĲһ£ͨĿһˣҲľҲỵǲˡ
Ȼϡ͹ֹѪҩȴȫܽǿ̱ʼĳܶȣǿ̵һ֣
ȡ
ǰͰɫҺϺһһð𣬰ŵĻһ̣
Ѫģ˿ڣͺǱӹһ㣬˳ªѪ裡
ҲҲॵײҲɳƵƺߡ
һôҺ壬ɳﻹϵ˵
֪ʵҵ츳Ҳ൱õģֻǰľңƿϴҩҳɹľѪԼ֪츳֮
ұʹõ˫ֱ绢ոտְҵ£һεĽ־Ѿܹ粽һǵǿˣΪѵ㲻Ӧףһ£
˶˵ˣҴϵõӦֵƷȵǳɹѹ³˹̹Ǻ󣬾ҵ踮壡ܺң
һ˵һҩŶдƺߣɳԭͿ̱ıƺһжĴһ㡣
ʤ̭ﾺЩϵѪѾӦǰʱˣоɭһȻҪΪ֣ô˲ʶʱ񣿡
ƺǽʧȥĵɳ޽ľͰضһߺƵ˵
֮̾гϸĸ룬Цš
ˣȻ֪ϵĸλֻǿǵпܻʹһֱԥڿҲûʣٿˣʱ㳢ζˣģһһֹѪסģ
ƺ֪Լ̷ˣһֱտڲ̸ҹҲڿһɳƵ˵
ұġ
ƺЦһɳޣЦŻ
ԴĴӣһͲַ֣һǧһҲǷץסǼˣˣ
Ȼɳ޸ոſЦ꣬׼ֶ̧֮ʱͷȴͻȻһҵĿͻŶ굶ͷľ飬붼ûֱӷֳ䵶ͷҲûصĲһ

ǿᴩ֮ļͷɳ޲ִٷֱ÷ɾ޴ǿתжͬʱһֻƺûܵ˿Ӱ죬ٴγԼڶ䵶ǰڶ֧ľ
ͷ۾ɶȥȫ亹ʪ
ѾǿĹᴩñǽݶĻҳࡣ
ֱ۵ʹǾԴŴڡ
͸ߵ
ĶߵͷǵֹӰɳг˺ºͺȻ
ԼѪ֮ƽڵԣԼѪִܹ֮ﵽͬոݵ£ֱܿȥԼ
ʲôˣȻϢ뵽Ԥأ


59 ʱ
һ۵ĵƿȻ֮ǿѷɫڿڸĵ
վڶߵڣԼԭ߳ɸʳɹȻ׵ĵסҹҲеһѹ
һ·ɳ֮ǰѶʱ͵ˣֻΪ˷ֹԷԼһֱվԶڴƾԼ֪ϵԶԶĲ׽ηеĶ̬
ҹҲû뵽εεĿְྐྵȻǸɳޣͼеƬΣС󲮲ŵļһǵǷȷ黹ȣԭ˶ԹҲģҹ
ѵͻϮʱӦǵȵʼ̶ֵʱ򣬲ıģҹȴǰѡ߳ɰյ֡
Լ˵ģ˱ŪپȳǺ壡
߳ɵĸѾ㹻ȻһԵְͨҵսʿͻɵɱˣǵǷˡ
õԵڸɳޣȻӵ˹ƽкɣѪ֮𡭡
һʱ䳡һţ˫ȴߵĶɾ֮ɳޣͲٽԼ¶ŴڵҰڣ
䣬ΨֻиϷ͸ͼõĿڣ
Ǹ̬Ȼǿ˴СĿӣԼȵ˾磬ոһɳ޻ë׶Ѿǰ߹һˣ
Ȼǲ
һߵҹȻһһְҵǿߣϵƣɱϾͶ²棬óóȻºܿǰ
ң˵ͬǿߣ¶Ȳħޣǰɳ¾Ѫ֮ʵǶħĲ˻Ҫ磬ȴܴͬ⣡
ԷͨƾĴԶԼӳɣԼǵֵԼʱĹɣԼȻܱһߡ
ʱ׵ı˶ڴûжֳֻĬûгãҹüͷ΢壬һɼٵħǼһ
ƵʣָоǡʾħƷ
ǸƻթŮٵĺáȴȻûи˿ԣԼڵֱߺ󣬱͵͵ֶⷢ
ңû뵽þȻôȫ棬ʾʲô߼λħħƷҲԲˣʹõһ̿ʼԼӵеʱɳ©ѾڹˣҪҵ취ֻѡˣ
ȻֻһڵĵԼǲѷɣ
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ҹ˼ѧͽľ׽˿֮δҵǰİ취źɳȴ
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ظҲܵǰĹƻ󣬶츳ȤʵʵȫðգֻҪҿϵ¼ҽ棬Ȼܹһʹõľᡭ
òʹʵʱĻδ˵꣬ͱҹһζĿǿڴˡ
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ûصظıһ߳ĺڽ¶ñҹ˿ûݵ˵
ϤɳͫײһҵӦҵĻǱֻʣһ飬ϵॵ졣
ǿеĲţɳһıΪƣȻ󣬴̽ͷ͸⿴ȥ
Լʹ͵ġĿ츳ģ׾ٿİߵѾжȥαװӰϤ׺ɳ޷š
Ȼ㣿ôܣôô̾ͿְҵףܣϷϰʮزŻĳɾͣ峤ҲǶʮſְҵףôܣ
ĵ˿˭ɳȫܲʵԼѾǧ࣬ҪѲŻĳɾͺ͵λһƭȥƿСƾʲô
Ĵ̼ԶԶҪܵö࣡
뵽Լʼʾʯȴ¶˷Цݣúúãҳǿۣ֪츳֮ʱԥһ£ʲôϵ
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ִ˵˺޳֮ȥȻȻһ㣬ҹһֱ
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вɳȴǹЦ
Сҹʲô˼вɳ𣿴С㳤ѵ˽㸸ôҶ֣ԹԷȴ䣬ǵĿͣʴȵһ
˵ɳϵЦҲŤ
ȻͻƵܣҲҪ£ͿĿӣѾעϺΪѵ޷㿪ļŵĻԣȻÿһΣҾͻ㸸µʲô
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ɳƺѾ̰ĿЧΡ
ƺǱɳв˵ҹı۾ƽ˵
ЧȻû뵽ҾȻֺöǿְҵĵȶԣĿıҲЧҾܿϱһһ
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һź˵ҹҲͬʱ۾һ˫ɺͫ׳ɳ޵֮ڣƺħ۵ӿѸٵתţҪ궼ɽȥ
ȫ޷ƿߣҲȫ޷˼һʱƶһ㣡
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ְҵǿͷɳ޻δȥȫڳ鶯ţʣһֻǵ۾ƺҪһۣǰʣµĶֻ޾ڰ
ڰ֮Уƺֻһ˫޴ɺͫڶԼҲΪɳǰʶ
⡭
νĸ߼Ѫô
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60 վ
ֺ󣬽ûҹֱ˳ϵĶñ첽ĳŵķȥһߵſѪķɡ
εɱ¾ϵķ˵Ҫõö࣬Ϊɳޱһ֮ˣҪĻǵɱҶѾйһľˡ
κһζֿ־壬ȻһӦȴһȻϰߡ
Ȼ˶֮д򿪺󣬳ֵı仯ͲԼܹƵˡ
ԼոͻƵְҵףҶʱʹѪʱǰһεȻ
ǶԤֱĹҹжһ׶ԷԼоǡĿֱ
Ȼ˵ĿĶƷ֮ͫΣҹд̵ǣʹù֮ķ֮ԵĽ࣡
˵ΪһźӵĵԵʣԼȶ뿹ѹѾԶԶ˳ˣӶ˾޷ķɵֿ
̶ֳжϣԼܹʹĴѪһԱս߽һγʱѪ֮ʹã˵ȻҪעͽƣȫǰС֮׸ˡ
ҹ첽ߵ֮ʱǲдķ֮Ѿ޷Ӱж̧֣ȭű㱻˿
走ۡ
˧ҹ˦˦Լȭͷ󣬶ԼˣľٶҲеһڣԼְҵ׸֣ôŶԼԡ
һֹ̧꣬ͷѪģŬ̧ͷȵԼʲôϡ䱦ӰһۣƬ̺ҹǺȻغ
״ˣˡ
֮ǰҹҲҪκһ棬ǰµıȴȻѡ
ԷѾˣȴȻΪԼѪȻΪԼõĳɾͶԵ˿ܸˣҲҹĵ׵Ծ뵽˵ϵĸĸ
ֻиĸĹذ˽İ⣬ĸ綼һ
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Ϊϰҩʦ϶µƵͼҩвٵģʵһ״̬ʹûָҩǶ岻õģ͸֧ǱӰԪ
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Ҫָһжʱ̣ԼҲ˵Уȶ
ﶼҪлһȥġɳˣȻϡ͵ֹѪҩȿ̣Ҳкܴ𺦣粻ǿЩֹѪסԪŻָҩҲ𲻵㹻Ч
ְҵľֲھż̴ӵ鲹Ҳ൱󣬵ȵҩЧӣһ߰˳ս˲ǡ
򵥴˿ڣҹ˻ָҩҹҲĽ鱳˱ϣٳⵥһĵγڳȥ
ȻҹƶóˣɾĿٽսϾʾѾȥˣÿϵ¼ҵԮٶж죡
ҪĴ㣡
ϵħߣӦû൱ı֤ģ
ߵŲϵĴҰ󣬺ܿҹʹ˵εһߵ
ҵǣŻδ˶ס
৵һҹʹԾ˵γڣӼɽдܳȻѾˣԼҲأٶȰղȵʱֵļ·뿪ϲߣ
ȻҹܳɽȴͻȻͷһ붼ûֱӳżɽһȥ
䣡
һӰҹʼλúһ˵ĳǶ㵽ɽ棬ನ¶˵ҹ顣
ʵְҵǿߣҾͨһǣ
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һҹͷȴû˿ϲãңϵ¼Ҳֻаְҵǿߣ˵ǼһЩάפˣ϶Ҫ¼λûô찡
ҹпǳ谭ʼԤҲһЩ߼̴ӶѣϾԵεĻԼֲóģֻҪ㹻ĸ߼̴ӾܰԼһʱ䡣
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УӾһոͻûõļһѣ㾹Ȼʧˣûð
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˵ԼʹùһѪ֮״̬ȫʢʱڣְҵǿߵļлҲΨһ;
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лʱӦһ˵Ĺܾܿͻ¶⵽˵һ
ҹԸһǿҲԸܵǰļл
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ԣԼδ⼸ˣȻԼǰļвüеĿϵ¼Ҹ֣˵һʶ
ǲǿϵ¼ҵˣΪҪȥ·
ӲƴУû̹ҹѹɳƵ˵
٣Ҳֻжѣ֪ô򵥵ֵĻαǩôӵĺԼ
վΧǽϵһӰҲϢǿҵǿߣһν˵ƺ˿ҹһ㡣
ҹȻѾӦǵˣЩ츳ģȴֲðѡͿϵ¼ҺҰְҵǿߣ
ǵ̬ƺҲе˼͵ϮɺȴҲϧëƴԼֻһζӣһֱȥĻʱʲվԼߣ
λѾˣѾˣǡ
ԺпתϾҲҶӹô޵ģҹҲǿѧЩȨ׵ķû֪ԼݣܻܿΪԼֻǺѡͬͬˣȻǾͲһ¡
ȻҹȻǵ͹ЩĽֶΡ
ʮֱǸȻҲĶ飬ɿϵ¼ħԼȻֻǵͼԼΥԼĴۻ̫㡣
һվΧǽϣʵֻǽӽϢӰʼ˵ƺΪεӡ

ĺ˿ҹñµıҲһս޷ˣֻǰԼ£ԼδûͻΧĻᣡ

ȵðѺȳλ߲Уˣӵ壬ͳԼǷİɣ
ץס֣ݺһ˦ְҵ׵ȫ˳˦ȫǸͬʱ˵
Ҿܿ㣡
ţĸ˵Ҳ֪ǰѡȷģ
Ȼûҹ׷ѣһ·ѾòûָҩбΪżʿ̴ӵʵԶԶ˦ոأͷҲصĴԱߵ
˹̹ͷһģֻҪԼܹһʱ̣ӳ죡
Ϊ׳⣬˲˭׷ҪƹҹܵһĿǰĴ˵ȫûҪƴԲû
ֻϢԶˣɱȻ
Һͺĵȵϵ¼ҵֶãΪҪǳء
ȳ͵Ϯ׳Լ촽
ָѾ˱ʯĽָҹҲ۾
ڣͿԼܲһˣ⼸Ҫˡ


61 
սʿػߣС

СΧƶλãȷ˶֮ڣҹԼԸֲĶȡҲ𽥽˵ְҵֱ˳
ͻϮԼλӦѪĶǱػߣӵǿѪͬʱҲ˿Ϣǿʢػ߶ҪʤһӰսʿڶڸʲôҹʱûпͿܻܿݣγٶͬʱǿĿսʿ
ȻҹΣΪ̣âڱȴϢ˥ֻǽӽǵĶӰ
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ʵһˣԼΧĹУȴǺܷһĴڣ
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ڸıʹö;ٶܹڸļӳɣսʿġ桱ǵܡĿǣ
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ҹеǿҵĲʣ
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һδüƽ⣬ʯµϸ΢ƿҹǱĵһ󷭹֮Ķ
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ƺǿԼģ
Ҳƴ׼һȴû뵽㾹ȻԼ
ͻȻԷȥѹ±뷨һŵĻҡ
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ǰħƷܸ൱ӰѾ⡣
û뵽ǼһﾹȻԼע⣡
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ŭ׼ԼԵʵ˺ǻ쵰ʱȴǳһ˫ɺͫףһʱضʧȥɫֻ˫ͫС
Сģ
ͬڽʧ״̬˻ոջͱ̧ܵǹһܹ׼ԼɱС
ܵײһƱܵ˵ĺ
һ͸ебһȴǲոԼĶ֣Լ˦߸ߵĵԾ˰УƺҪһԾһ㡣
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62 ȫ
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ӵǽܣѪ֮ҹҲ̲ס³һڷڵѪ
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˵Ѿɵúܲˣɹ˾ȳɹİΣĴȴ治ᣡ
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ǵսʿȷڿսʿĳνǱɱһǹ˵Ѫ֮ѰǿƽˣǾ޴Ĺᴩ֮£ȡǣҲȻڸ𵴣λ
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ȿȡٴοȳ˼Ҫ̵ѪҹҲе˳ˣԼȵԤгһ·ߣȥ
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ΪȫǵڶҲϵ˹̹൱ӰӵҲǽǳصһҪء
ΪҪʱ󵽶Ӧıӻ˹̹еǿְֻҵ۷壬ڱҪʱ򣬡̵ܹרҵ֮ϵĴʦ׵ˣ
Ϊһ㲻ǣȥڲìܣǵҪӦħޡ

һǾ޴ҹüͷҲЩ֪ǡʯ֮񡱵Ҳ˹̹ǵΨһ
ȴ˸ۣĪǹͷ𣡣
Ȼ׳װҲģģͷ˾ǹͷ˰쵰
Ҳŷoģ
ҹ׼ٴοһʱԱߵȴͻȻһ˫֣΢ʧʱ˽ȥ
һҹ׼̷ģڷ˭ȴҲ˿
ǱԼ˦ȥĸ״ˣȻӢͬҵ򣬴ʱ飬һ֪ڳյİԵЩأ֪ڳĶǰġ
Ҫȥˣпϵ¼ҵˡ
ֻҹͷͷû꣬˲ǱˣǸžž졣
ҹЩ׵ĵط˿ϵ¼ҵˣǷԼ˸״˵ľòȻһֲ״̬
ÿܰһֱпܵڰɣжҩ԰
֮ǰΪʱȣټ·Եʣҹû취ϸ鿴ȴǷⲻЭԴ֮ƺǴڸ״˵ľ֮С
ֻԼĿǰҲһ߼ѧͽδͻƵְҵף˾֮̽ҲޣֻԼе
ܵ˳õĥ񶼴һֵ͹ڣûղ׽һ˿֮
ҹùԼƺΪԼΪλ֪ѹ͵
ϵ¼ȡɭҳΪһ֮ûеõ֧ǲ⵨ģһɭҲס
վ˹̹ô꣬ȻҹʵǸվһʱȴҹһԶСܵĸоӵĸо
վϵ
Ϊһֶܹ׬ǮӲɳˣ̬֮ᶨҲԶԶǳģбԼӾȳһ־ȻѾͻƵְҵףûгʲô߶ߣֻǻָĿ̰常ӡ
Խֳǵ״̬ȴҹе˹죬Ȼܺãݣ֮ĲȻĻûԼӦô񿺷ܲǣΪλˡ
ʱҲûʱ˼Ҫ黰е˼
Ȼֿ֧ϵ¼ȡһذŅȣΪܹǳصĸ֮һԾȻûмס
ɭҵ̫ΪϸԪδĹϼ壬ûˣҲ֧ܹģȨˣ㻻һλ˵ɭҺá
Լӵɻû˿˽͸ԼսѾû취̻ʲôˣΨֻԼôľܹṩЩ
ǻɭʣԴô
ҹõʾ󣬵ҲһζţѧԼ˼ǵֻ˿ɽɽᵹϡ
ȱ㣬ҹܹӣŬֲġ
ûɭΪ˻ǼҴսǿߣѾǻһλϣڵƾұߺǵļħѾȽͣңϵ¼ҳ⣬ƺõһɰֻ֧֣ǵʱҵĵλҲ㣬֪һ
˵ͷ󣬽Լ֪ϢҲ˵˳οϵ¼ҵı϶һһϦ˵ҹƬûҵʲôףȴ϶ܲʲôǿϵ¼ְҵ֮µһˡ
ҹϢԺеҲɳĮε飬ħĲˣϵ¼ҶԶħֱ۵
˹֮Ӱ
ŷħķ˹֮ӰȻһӪĲǣ֮ҲӪģǵͽҲ˻
ֵĻ
ֻǣҲ֪ϵ¼ұأ
ƺǸᡣ
ҹ˳˼·ȴͻȻͷһ鳯˼
ûãһƵӰǴӿһţǱȥδ֪ӰֻǴǹ״̬²ԼĿˡ


63 
ſʯ֮˹̹ײӵڶͽر˹̹סеǣǡͽ
ÿ賿ϵһСʱܻȡһġĴ͸ܹڿЧʣظֱӴʵǿĴ͸Ȼܹȡʵ
ҲϷֵԭ֮һ̳ʧȥͳμȴǱҪıӻʹ͸һ㡣
߸ոշһ˿âڣȴ׳˶ĺӱԷ½˼໪ĹͷڣĿȴ඼ǼǵǰĹ㳡֮С
Ȼڶ࣬ɳȴ쳣ĺгԾҵʵλñĿϵ棬ȨӰЩϸϱǿһ
ʱ켣ڿ󹤶ҹǰĳҲЩࡣ
˰ϣòװȴû뵽Ҫַӻ
ϲǲ취ǣҪҹǵ̫٣жĻ̫ԣϵ¼ȻûȫǽϣÿŰһְҵǿߵеģǿŵĳǽҲֱϨ˷Խͷ
дʦע⣬ϧ²ڣҲˡ
ڻ쵽ֵز
ˣҵû뵽ǰĵһε棬ȻҪ˷һֻͷϡ
ԱҹİߵҪרҵö࣬û¶˿׵ı飬ͺһλͽһ㣬ҹһ㣬Լ˸еߣŷκ飬е㵭ĵӡ
ֻǰıҪԼõöˡ
ǰ֮Ի켣ڿ󹤶ǰﵻ棬Ҫִ㡣
ȿǷֱܹӻ켣ڿ󹤶뿪ǰϵ¼Ǵ󣬵ϾһɭѹţҪʲôĿвĻỹǺܴġ
ѡһǱʧܵĻҹĿǰ״̬˵ͼ޷ϵ¼ְҵ׵׷ɱˣ󹤵Ķôԣϵ¼ҵѲ϶ҲὫܴע档
ܹ켣ӽſڣȫ뿪ļоųϣܿͱˣžֻˡ
һҹԼֵһϵ¼˹֮ӰĹϵ취͸¶ϵ¼ҵġڲìܣϾ˼롣
ȻһҲ൱ðգϾܶ඼ֻǲ²⣬һҲԸ鷳ˣҪһ׼
ֶУһַ󣬱Ҫɫİ취ǾͶֻǲ֪Ϊˣû᲻ճ뻢ڣֻڻԸΪԼȫϵ¼˺˵׼
߶ڿǰʵмӳɡ
ֻǾҹĥѾ˸׼·ĥȺŪһ£ȻҸط֮ʱֱϵʹӡȴͻȻһ̹ǵȸУɫɳһŤ
ʲô
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ֻʲô
ڤڤУҹҲеڲһԼ֮ԼϵӡӦ
һۣԼⲻʹӡʲôʱɹͷӡˣ⹷ͷϵ쵰һǰеԤıˣ
һȺϵʲôȴΨҹվ﷢ȥͺƺȺһ㣬һ¾˰ﲻ˵ߡ
󣬱˳Ŀߵ飡
ҪȺȻЩɵĶ붵ñǲģȻ˶ЩαװڱϸɶϺȴȥ
鷳ˣǸʶѾϳˣƺûְҵףߣ취ȥϵ¼Ҳڶֵġ
ҹ쳣ȻҲߵע⣬״̬Ĳ֮ҲٵҵǶԼϵߣȴǰԼһĸ߼ʿ̴Ӵ
ɫһص飬˿ԥûУҲû˿ֱ֣Ӷҹ˵ͬʱϵİҹ
˹ûԥľҹҲһ˿ĸжʣεȫˣļֲʶԼ
ڿϵ¼ҿ˰˳ɾĳλҰְҵǿ߶ѣǵĵһĿȻǿʲôܵ飡
һѡԼѰӻǿϵ¼ҵҪעҲӶܹΪԼȡʱ䡣
ȻҲǱܵһʱܲһģǷԼϣһεҪ˵ע
񵱳дԭҹǵѡһ׷ְҵǿߣӶԼĻᣡ
İңҲǿϵ¼ҪЩˣӽҽԼʱ̿ʼûٻȥ־ˣһֱڵмܾ軹һܿܶûнҽԼйأ
ǹ˽ıӻԼѾ˥˺ۣȴòȱĳŸǿ׳Լı
׹Ĵҹְļϣɳƶѵ˵
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ѡԼֻǲҪھΣֻǵ﹤Ϊ¶гԣҪͷͨѡ
ڣҹȴǷ֣ӴǣɲҪնϾնϵģ
ιͷӣҿɲֻǲļƬ˽㣡
ʵʵһȥԼܺû취Ÿ͵
ҡ
黹Ҫ˵ЩʲôֱӱҹֱĴˡ
ٸ鿪ڵĻᣬֱסֱۣ˲뿪Ⱥųķжȥ
ߣ㶼ҴǣҾͲҲⲽ
ȻѾˣǾٶǶȥûҪ˷ʱĿڣ
ˡ
һŽһլݶ̤ðȥһƬкͽҹǽ뿪ߡ

ˮڣ


64 
賿̫δ𣬿ϵ¼ҵıԺȻһƻͨȼһϡ
ǰһʧǣ˫ĿãȻ״Ӱߡϵ֮ɫһ
ûõķ
˺˵£ʱ䶼ûӶã
һһˣ︽Ǹ½һҲˣ
Բ˵ЩɢԱȫס֪ʲô뷨Ȼ£ǣߣսۼʵǣɳ޻ǵ״Ӧһ
ʲôħƷѣɼˣһǵƽʵǵİΧ£Ȼ׾ٵĴȥ뿪ôã
ǰսûôķﶼһƵӡ
ֱӽ
վǹϵż˵ļƻλϵ¼ҵĵڶǿߣѪǰóɹ˵öĵĸ߼ְҵǿߣǿסŭһĵ˵
ԷּħƷȷǺ⣬һӵһԾܹǿרҵħƷܹ֮ѾˣҪǿ㽫òͶҲжΪǱ𡣡
ǲߡϵ˵ǰû˵ĶսʿȴȻһʧǴ㶵ӣÿ۾ʱǻƿһ˫޴ɺ˫ͫԼһ㣬ǵʲô
ԼʵǿѾش˶ԷΪΣΪҪ겻ɢ
ߴˣ٣ݽħѶͺźŵڳŵķӴܡ
ڴʱһѶԱͻȻ룬ǽѯʡ
ߣϷԳ
ͻȻõϢߡϵȻǲܹṩϢֱת̣ڴʱȴǴһĵ
סҪȥ۾һ˫ȶħҪа۾
Զ˶ٺͷûлأֱһԾ뿪˱Ժ
Ѫݣƽ⣡
ڸѾְҵģµһѪѾѵĿ֮ѪȿսʿҪµö࣡
ѪΪۣȡɵϸս˲ըǿϵ¼˹̹ıǮ
ˣϵ¼ҴԱŶǽѪһְҵģԱѪѺ̶ܹѪ֮
Ȼ֮ľѸʣҲɣߣȴ֮һ
嵱֮ĵڶǿߣ
ͬʱϵ¼ڸżӵְҵǿߣŵһλ⣬ҲͬʱӸŴѶķλȥ
һŴܶԷôӴܶܲ
Ȼְҵǿ֣߳ǾͱȻҪֶһһ飬ʤˣҲʧصĿܡ
ʨӲȫ

ɣһģѵҪһңһ߽ͻΧ𡣡
ٱҹŵ飬һֿɬԴο˵ߵľ졣
ԺҹҲɿ֣鷢żʿ̴ӵٶȣȻδ·˵鵹Ҳͨż̴ӲˣٶȲҹ٣ҹڳһ߱һ߻ܹҵڣܵѹơ
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˰ϣΪһֱأϵˣֻǿǵͼҩѹסûٶȥ棬ǿָ˲١
ʺħָħʯҲֻʣ»ȥһöĶǸСһıʯƬˣʣһʩᣬԼԼָǿʹõƷ֮ͫպʱӦܹͻһλְҵǿߵķˡ
ϵ¼ұͺͳַˣסҲֻǼԼֻҪԼܴӳŹȥҲ룡
ھʱܣȻҪڿϵ¼ҵǿɺΧǰͻǰ谭
ȻڴʱҹȴѾебһԶԶסԼȴѾһϵ¼ҵҪ׷ˣ
ԷͬѡֱӿŸݶΪ·˽ֵһ谭
Լεٶȳ룬ȻĿ̫ԣ̫ױжϵλ
ϵ¼ȫǵ㹻࣬Ϊܹų䲻ٶƴһ£ȴ̫߹Լ˺ƶٶˣҲ̫͹ְҵǿˡ
նԷӽٶԼǰٶȣ»ųſڵʱ򿰿׷ϣһֱغĻǽҪͬʱְҵǿߣ
ɣϾûɺϣǺ׷ѾˣӦٶȻܸ죡
ңһλǽһѪһϵĻǾͻƵģֻƴˣ
еĽָҹʱҲǱƵ˾·ŻһŵĻԼڱȻֻܶһƣһ
ѶȺѹɾʹ̫ˣǵô򵥣
ҹԼԣԸЩΨһĳǿŶι·Ļȴ½ࡣ
ǰѲò
뵽ҹû˿׵˲ıķһȦһͷȥ
׷ߵķпǿʼھ˵λóıţ
ҹ·һָıעҪӱ뿪ı֡
٣浱Ҳ𡣡
ǿɭϵ¼С̬Ҳ¶һֲмЦݡ
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ʱ򣬻ƿԼȴ̫ˣ
ı˷۽Ѿܹ׷֮˵ҹҲЩ⾹ȻǸйһ֮Եĳӳʱ׷ϵȷ⣬һǵĸӳȴҲǲеˡ
󱲣ֹ
ͬмлǿɭϵ£Ϊֵĸı䷽λȴҲòǰֽɧˡ
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̽ȴܲܣְҵǿߵ׾ܽ̽Ϊʵʹ
ȷǼΪԵҹǰٶȣҲǵǰѡ
ֻǾǿɭиոոֳһ˿ԽУѾ̽Σʼе֮ʱԭһֱӴ״̬󱲣ȴͻȻתͷԼֱ
ǲɸֳһ˿ЦߣҪ˼ҵɽĺܣɲðգ
ҲҪսԼЦ
ͼٶȳˣͷѰһ֮ʱһֱϲͷͷ·Ķ֣ȴͻȻͷ̧
ߡ
ֻʣһƬɺ죬֮ȴѾܹϤͷ󱳣ףⲻǡ

սͷ䣡
Ȼҹһ֣ԶԷԼֵϰ⣬ƾʱѪҵ˲Ĩɱ˶ֺ
ԶȴͻȻһŭ
ң
һԶǿɭٶȵӰһɿֲƼٳ˵ľ֮£ǹŭɱҹеѹ֣ټԶԼٶȡ
ǿߣ
Ϊƣ֮ܵѪɣòԼ·һҹֻпɬ
д˰ǣԼȫʢʱڣǲȡ͵ϮԵʵȴҲûʤ㰡һͳɹˣȴһЦ
ѾҪΨһȥֻڱ׷֮ǰ֮ڡ
ӵĴʶˣ³Ҳûжá


65 ֮
ܵѸٽӽɱ⣬ҹҲ𽥳˹ȵףʧܣ
ɶΪǰʹӡ⵼±֣ڶѾɹˣʱִľվ޷Ϳϵ¼ϵڵķӦȡ
ιԼ𡣡
Ѫ𽥻ָѹȵú˼ҹվϵһ»˻ȴǼҹе飬һƽĿڡ
ٱеľ磬ϴӶߴصⲢ˵Ľ
ţɿҰɣȥʱ϶ҲĲҵڶֻ࣬Ҫܹ֮һлᣬҼǵٴֵһҹٰҩĵ̣ǻлᣡ
ѾعԼʡõ˲ãȫ侲ҹǵ˵ж֮ǰҲǹ·ġ
˵ǰѡãȶȺܵͣὫСУҲǵǰΨһ·
ֻҲٶȣܹɹĿԲߣԼʧȥϣ
ָıԼͷƴ۵Ѫʹûϣݵ谭һǿӦлģȻԼȥ
ƼشӰҲ̫ˣٸ·Ƶ״̬ǿٱЧۿֲۣ
СҪûˣҲû취ôˣܻѰҸߵȱҩĿܣ˾һ嶼ûˣ
Ļûģǿߵٶڻδ׷ǣֻǰϧë΢еȼպƴǼĿĵʱؽӭһ
ҹĻȴһƽ˵˲ͬĿֻЩϧҲЩӣЩᡣ
˱ζҹһ顣
ɱòײŽȳʵǿߣᱻɱֻװһһεƣֻҪյĺãͷ
ֻǾҹ˵ʱȴǸе䴫һ޴ԼǰȥͬʱϴԴοϤ
ֻҪᱻ˲ɱǾͲǰ˰
վ
û취ػɳ˰
ʼһֱűУͻȻһ£ҹ޷ͣ½ŲֶʱҲͣ½Ų
զئӦ?Ӧ?֦?
ΪͻȻıʣҹֻҧָýָĺ󷽵һһҺ̬γɵĻǽ˲䵲סͷȥ·ҲʱסǼǿߡ
δȵҹٴοڣǻǽȴڱӦڳʱ䵱УֱƿΣ
벿λ˺Ƶıһն
ҹһʹýָϵĻǽʧ
Ϊû׼𣿣͵ˣ
һֱӿ˺˻ǽߡϵ£һļٳ
صְҵǿص˽ģȻ֪ԷһµħƷ
޵ֿıǽУǿҲǷˣֻҪǰ׼ˮˮȵȾᶼܹЧĽ˺
οԷǰʹ˳ֻٴƼɣȻħƷóˣǾͿֱոˣ
ߺߣһǵְҵף¶Էȼպģ˲䱬ҲԼȫҪ΢һҲͽˣ
Ȼ׼ͻƻǽȻᵶնȥ֮ʱһ˫ȼŻȭȴǽͻƻǽʱݵä㣬ϢĿؿڡ
ͻȻвߵһ亹ŶԷȼպģûþʱǿջرס˫ȭͷ

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һֱûͣ±Ųƶ״ҹҲķַ
֣ڷʦѯѪ֮ϵʱӦ
֮
ΪϡеѪ״̬¶ʵûʲôڼ˻£ѡȼһȡǿʵ
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ʣѾֱӱֻ֮ʱˣ
񵱳ոսȳʱϳʱһʱԼͣˣһƬģ
仭УǴҹǺû˿ԥ׷ǿߵıӰǰݺȻû˿ɵҪѡӣԼǰȼյıӰغϣҹз¡
һΣһο˸ĴۣȡԼĴᣡ
һֻŵУ
Сԭ
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66 
Ѿˣˮ
ֻǿûӺãûϵһҪƴѧܳͷصġ
תˣǵöഩ·ѻ𣿡
ҽ˵ûµģֻҪסԺסˣȵӪ

ߣ취ȥϵ¼Ҳڶֵġ
ֻҪᱻ˲ɱǾͲǰ˰


ͻȻһ´Ӵҹͷ亹ϵĴϢţҵĺǣϵƣһʹ
裬ҿˡ
ãֹһҹǿٵϸֳһ˿ɬ
ˣﲻǵ򣬲ǵԼסԺʱˣȻˣҹȴﶼùˡ
Լʧȥʶǰ龰ҹбٴγһĵĳƣǰĳǰһ۾ܿǻȼհıӰ
ǣӵ֮ѪԲҹΣռȵҹԣͬоͲǿѪǼеĻ棬ԼӪȳʱӴĸд
ȻӴʱ䲢ԶⲢĵӡӡ
ϵ¼ң
˵ǰҹڿϵ¼ҶԣֻǾһ鷳ԸԼȥǣżеĻ澰оԭǼһԼϵ¼ṵֱ̂ϴҩʹԴѾˡ
ڣϵ¼ҺʾͳΪҹбȻҪȥҪĿ꣡
ûϵ¼ҶڵԼ˵һȻְҵǿߣǵļڻ츳ʱ˲صǿߣ
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ոպʰĶӵ˻죬ոպ޼ǽã޼ˣովȳ飬ոͬǣˣϵĴ˺ʹһ˵ĺܴ
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ήȥˣո𴲵ʱ˵ʲôû壬裬ҿˣǸȤĺӡ
ڴʱһƺȴͻȻƮ˹ҹͷһ顣
Ϊ˺ͷŭһǰĻΪƵԵûԱˣˣԼӴܽһ˹̹ǵĹٰҩ꣬ǳĲҵǰƺǱ˾ˣǰܺúõ˵ȷûԼȥ
عԴȥӳȴһƬһ׵ع֣һԴɬĳ˱ǿףҹЩӦǰ
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Ǹ֮ǰסˣعûɶоܲһΡ
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һֻɫ߰ȻҪӰ쵽ԼߺߣԼ־ᶨѵǿµĽѵƯŮ˶ǿµĹޣ

ɭҺͿϵ¼ҵķôѾõԼĶȻѡ뿪ҪãȻûֱߡ
ֵ֪ļ壬Լֱѡˣϧǿɷ򣬲Ƿܹƿصġ
ҹʧƬ̣ȴûз֣Լͫ׾бѪɫҵУǰȫͬĵת
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ǸȤĶУȴһָ֣ԼһָõĽȫƿϵ¼Ȥͳı¶ֱӸ㻻
ִнŹҳϡȡ۵ĸоѹǴ඼ֻѡԵļ̳̰ѹȡ
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֣¶ǣĵʺܥɭҲһֱһһ˿ЦݣһһͷӦ
ϸĻȴܷ֣᳡УһСͲûдǰһԹǰһĻ
ӭλμӴ˴εţ磬ȻѾĲˣôͿʼɡ
ܥɭһܼװߣѾ󣬱ǾеľƱ˵
ֻĻո£ʼһСվһԵЩȺĿ֮УһòҰԵú׳ڴϵ
ϵ¼ҵɳ³ûڿʼƨ
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ֻ˺޷ȵı֣˲ٱ͵ŭ⣬ȴļɵƺֱɵĺӺǾһ㡣
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Ϊųǵ£ǸǸЩˣӦûûɡ
Ц£һʵӰǳԺУѾ΢΢ЩףһЦݺ͵ĸһӣŮɱ֡
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ϵ¼ҵμ˹̹ǵĵһţʮ경ְҵʮͷѾﵽְҵ۷壡
ϵüҴһ˵壬˹̹ǵĵΪıȡ˴Դϵ¼Һֵļְҵ׾Щġ
ֻ츳ʵҲûʲôӵ㹻츳ͬʱƿȴҲǿϣ֮ʡ
ͬʱλѾվһսߵĿųȴ˹̹ǳפӶŵеǿӶŵų
˹̹Ψһӵְҵ׵Ӷţ˸ְҵʿȫǰʮ
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ȫǶöվһ𣬼ͦĽշָ˿гȻȻƿȫ֣ȴʧȥ㹻϶еͳ


70 ޵
ɳ³һͬ볡ģпϵ¼ҽеְҵǿߣԼʮ󱲡
Աμıͣ˵ٶ󱲳棬ԵĿ˵ȴ̫ˣɭҲ˶ûôࡣ
ܥˣǲ̫˼С̫࣬˴˱ȣ֮²ǴЩû취ѾǼϵĿˡ
׺ͿЦݵɳ³ϵһΪǸĿǣƺǴЩεĶ˵
ƺܳϿңƺǽһԼΪδô볡ǰ˹̹ϵˣȴǸܿĶ⡣
ΪѪϡеĹϵɭҲѪѶȴ󣬸Ҳ׽˵ɭԻ͵ʷ˵Ǩ˹̹ҲѾˣļģ˵ϵԱģǰûжɫ
ͨһֻһˣڶûϵϵ֣֮Ϊ޺Ĺϵתһң
һֵֻܼһλֵܣһҲСèֻϻѧģǰڻ᳡ĳҵϵ°ѳȥҲʮˣ
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ǵʷƾãѪ߹Ȼ˶Ļȴʧȥδ
ĵ̣ȴֻ˹̹һ֮أֻܹϳϱܽǮӦԴ󱲴
ǰɭѾӦʱӲдѾˣ
ȻѾǲӦʱ϶ǾӦùԹ԰ԼҵԴ
ǿòʵѾ̵Ļһֱ鲨ܥɫҲԵЩϾȷΪһ֮Ϊͷ۵⣬ֱֱӲȵGˡ
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İΣؼֱ壬ò˶ľսͷð亹
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ֻһͷϰһɫͷһɫװȥֻʮӴ󷽷Ĵ˽Ȼڳľͣʶס
רűŹҲҹ˴ζ˰ĿģΪ˼ìܣɭɵĻ롣
ֻǶְţҹһ󸹷̣ԼôǫѷˣµȫóҪΪ˶Ըϵ¼ңŲأĳ˺Ծ뵽ͬʱ˼Ӧôìܣһ㶼ûΪոԼġʵʵˡ
ҹ㣿СӸո˵ʲô
ȻıУϵ¼еļλˡ
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ñźۼɨ˵׷ɱԼߡϵһۣǿƽľָ侲ҹͷͻȻԼһļһΪЩɻ˵һʶԼƺԼӡ̵ģΪɶԼȫǵüŶˣϿ췭ǰεļ仭档
ƺǳ˰ҹһȻı飬ȭġ
Ҽˣǰϵ£Ǹϵ¼˽ӶԲԡ
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ƺǽǰҹ޵Уһֱӡ
ҹ΢Щ֮ʱǱߵİͻȻתһԴı˵
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һʱ䣬Ҳûвֵ˼ԼҵСȥԽ³ˣֻɳ³ȴǲûпվԼԱߵߴʱȴһɻ˼ı飬ƺʲôԥȷһ㡣
߼̴ӣŶϲϲ
ֻе㲻ǵֵļһ˵˰һֱѰƬηӳƺЩٶ۵ҹӦƺ൱⣬һַܵζԺӶŵõ
ðɣ˵ͻƵ˸߼ְҵףԼһȴͻƵ˸߼̴ôһԾóԣҿԱ˵ı飬ְԻõóֵģҲҹһֻĸо
ʶ󣬻ͷٿ֡šķе󣬹ȻֻĻɫǳ̬ô
ʵףأʵѾʵò˰ɣѾʺ޵ʧȥ˰ɣȻĻ㿪ʼôÿϵ¼ң
ҹġϲһƺ⣬Դ˵
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ʱ׼ĽʼüߵأһҪ
Ŷ𣿡
ҹգ۾ڳһ޹ı顣
ҹֱ飬һַǽϵĸоݺݵ
װɵʼԼ˵ĻԼߣʵʵϴ󣬹ſڵ䣬ܿϵϴᷢ䣬ǲ棡
ջ޹飬ʼЩҹǻ̯֡
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71 
ҹûᾭʲôҲǵȵʱģ¹һ棬ڵһö
Ȼ˺Ƶܵʮһ硰ˣЩ¹ڳʿϵġ
һֲ󣬰ȫһͣƺȫûϵõĻظŵȵ˶Է˵ʲôȴɫѿһŵӡ
ԭȻòҹСӵȷ츳ԴͬĻԼܻôҲһ֮Ӷѣ
ݵλһѾˣ
ϢȻ̫飬ȴͬûʲô˵ģһūˣ˾ˣɲΪǰСӻᵨ˶Ƽ塣
Լ˵ᷢӦøмж²ǣô˲ʶʱ񣬼ƺţֱǲ֮
ˣ°ϵ¿˸֮ᣬԴϴˢ֮裬ҲΪ翪ĻЩ֣׼
ŭ֮󣬺ڰϵ»ǱȽǰ״̬Ϊһת˽ӣԴ̫⣬ȴҲʲô˵Ѿ޲ֱǰһͱԷ״˵ص˭ת˵
ͨĲλԱˣҲΥ£ƫƫϵ±Ҳֻʮ꣬Ǹµˣ³嶯˵㣬Ҳܹ⡣
ڳ棬þֽڣȷǿϵ¼ҽǰѻᡣ
Ǵҹ󣬾ûʲôܥʱȴҲûΪʼϵ¼ҵðΪʲôһƽĵ˵ͷ
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鶼ѾֵزֹĻΣʧ˼棬ͷϸһ֮ӣȷûʲôͬĵ˵ͷ
ڳλƵĴ˶ͬ󣬰ҲЩȲˡ
˶ѾӦˣʱ˭Ȳ㣡ҪѪϴˢĳ裬Ҫڳ˵ļ֤¾
ӻгһ˫׺ݺݵ˦ҹűߺ󣬰ϵһı飬ԴǵĻҹı鶼ɱЩŹ֡
ԼҲֶƵĽܿ˰ɣ갡岻ǶħŮ˵ϹһѺ֡
٣ΪʲôҹԱòαװĽΪʲôû˿ֱӾͱ¶˶Կϵ¼ҵΪεſϵ¼ҼͿϵ¼Ҵְҵ׵ƣ
Ϊ˵ǳĵ̣
οֱӱһ䡰˵˽ٴһ㱣ȻǿԷſֽˡ
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ڵҶӵƵŪôҺҹȻҲѧЩеĵǰȻѾðվǵȻѾй˼ǣ
˱ɱһҹһֹĲճѹһһʱ䣬ǲᣬǽĿΪͻȻʶЩɵ˵İϵϣϧֻǸ˽Ӱ
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ϲԼСУǰһΣȴĵȷȷǴԼϣ
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ΪԼĳ֣Լ汮ɭĳ־ȫͷ֤㣬ڣɳ³ȷ츳ãѪ֮ǿıɭȻѹһͷ
δһʮְҵǿǿϵ¼ҵĵˣ¿ϵ¼ҵСٶ࣬˶Ҳޣ⣡壡
ȻûжԿϵ¼ʵֱӳ鸽ǵĵȴܵ޴Ӱ죬ӰԳһְҵ׵
ͬΪҹγ֣бɭĲ֣ҲֱӴɭڲЩɵĽ
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û뵽Ȼɮ
ǰǿɮУںȫҲ
ѹôȡ˳ɾ͡

ףﲻԾɮеͷһ磬ٿƮµİɫͷҹȴǷԼʼɳ³֮ʱͷϵͷȴǱɢ˿
¶λεĹͷԼһؾװȻͻȻһߵĳ嶯


72 
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֮ǰΪһСɧ󣬶ľٰ죬Ҳû̫ܵţʱȻ»عա
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û뵽ΪɶλѡĻʵԽϲĳˣԸС
Īòĳ˻ãޣʲôأԭεɫħ֮㹻˹ӰǺ³ˣ˦ҹƺΪԼʼа˼ɿһ˵
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˵ʱҹ˺ߣһҵӡ
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̵ʵûɶʧɭҲȫסܵʧҲЩ˸߲ҳȥԵƽѡ
ҹԱ߿ŶΪɭҸеΪǰСլְ˵ЩȥˣؼĶԿϵ¼ҿ˳ۣеĶǰͬʱͬ㹻ȫڵ
ػ˹̹ǵȷǳӦеΣ
Ϊոµ½ְҵǿߣǱְҵǿߣҹӰʵ֮ͣǰȰݣ´ʱͱΧˣǰһվںһ¾ע⡣
ĻڳԭѾγĬȨǣҲ˴кȻλˣȴȻһı飬ƺĲǷҪҲһ㡣
ֻǾҹעҲͣۿλְҵǿߵҪ˵ʲôʱҹĻȴǻһת
ԽҲԽܵȨԽҪԽ࣬ΪȫͷܵԴǾҪŬǵţȺӴĿȷǳѵӦԵģԻҪýķʽ˲С
ò˵ҹ⻰˵ЩȨȥˣڰչʲôΪɶͳַҪȡ㹻ô
ҹո˵꣬̾λ˹ḱ᳤ʵ
ǲ֪ҹкθ߼
ǿѾǽҹ˺ĿһԼˣ϶ҪԼʵΪǮȡ㹻ĺôǵǳ־ȹҹıɭһƺΪг˱ĵɫΪƺǲݡ
ǻ˵˹̹ǣ˶ķ̣ӵ˰Լ˰߶ǿİ
ҹһȻڵӼ˵
ֻ⻰ո˵꣬ɳ³ϵԼܥȴͬʱһƾâ˴ʱ˷ɻ
ܿҲ˳
⣬ɭڳڵĵĿҲ̫࣬ĹɷҲ̫õ䣬С˰Ҳйˡ
Ļҹȴ¶һȻı顣
ʲôʱ˵ɭҵĵˣǱǳһЩ̺ͿѵӦ˵ǳΪһЩֵСϢҰְҵǿģȶĻҲвԸ˭͸˭һ㣬ҲҪҵǮ
һ˵ţҹһδЩҵܸȤı顣
ֻĻ˵ڳеҲȫӳ˹ɫüΪѿ
˳֮Ĳҵڳ˵Ĳҵ𣿣óͷƾʲô
ɻδȵ˹Ľгҹ
ƾʲôƾǳػޣػ޾ػ˹̹ǣѵЩʲù˭Σ˭ʸãţЩûɢְҵǿҲǺһ뷨ǣٺ٣ͻ˵Ҳ
˵ҹҲЩɭɭ¶˽׵ݡ
⻰ɱ治ǵˣ
Ϊ˹̹ǳµ츳ϢУְҵǿߣвٶ˹̹ǣټϴʱڰӿһЩӶǿҲͬᵽ˽ҵζۼ˹
ɭҪһµĻЩҪҸطҰְҵǿߣԻᱬ˲ĿĶ
˵ˣصһЩְҵǿߣ缸ӶеųǲΪѾû˹̶ŲòӶŵôܹȶԼԴ˭Ա˳ȥ
ʣֶڳǰļȵԸ⿴ģ
ڳߵ֮ԣ
һֱܵȨҳôҲͬˣ
走ǲɣȻб˸ɣ
ô˵ڳЩһﻹ治̫⣬˵˵ûһĻǾǵ
Ȼոճߵе¹󣬵ȷڵʱʮְҵǿߣǻȨıؿ˵ڳ˶ߵö࣡
Ҫ£С˳۵Ļǡ
Ǻ׵ѡ⣬Ҫڣܿʹ˹ḱ᳤˹Ǽӳ˱ɫ
ĻʵǶԣֻҪڳڼ΢ٵ˰վ͹ˣĶô̰ᣬϾ˹̹˵ļҡ
ǴȻӣ˿ʼúһ
Ĵͷ£ܿͳһȺ˵ĸͣҹҲһ˿Ц⣬ʼѡй¼˰һҲǸ΢غ̨ף²̨
Ȼľ飬Լȷϲϡ
Ϊʮһ͵ļȺˮ׼ļһڣǻûһѶȣһլһϵɱʱͨһӻ࡫
ŶҹСҲ׼жôȻˣҿϵ¼Ҿ֧֡
ֻҹ߸ոǹԲ֮ʱɳ³ϵǿƽĻȴһ˲е漴ɫһһһն˵
ˣ


73 ұ
ȻЩۣⳡţȻǳɹĶ֮ĻѾҹӡ˴ƽĻΧȫ
һȫ˶߲սϴ򣬶ײƽȴǿ©֮㣬һ㱣޲ܵ˿𺦡
ΪĿǰһְҵǿߣҹҲʽĺͳĺǻʶһ¡
֮ǰһֱûҹܹҪǳڲҲģΪϵ¼һѵˣûҪ˺˼
ϵĲֱܻͣܿҹͬǵĳͻȻھûֹˡ
ϵ¼ҵΪرɳ³ϵû˿׵Ķҹ֣Ѿǳ˱ܹܵļޣȻѾ˺ˣ־ᣡ
ɭҵĵϵԱܹҲСèֻһЩʶϿַܻ磬һ˾֮ȴҲЩʮϰ˵ļܹġ
ߣ֮ǰǼӣȻôߣĿɳ³ǼһﾹȻҹСֵܣ֮ǰ㱻ƭȥˡ
ԭڱɣΪ֣ͬʱҲһְҵǿߵĿ¡ɭʱ˵ֳһλˡ
֮һֱֻ޳ϵ¼һѵΪ˺ɳ³ϵµ˽㲻Ϊλϵ¼ҵĺﻹ˽⡣
ţɳ³ȷҰҰĻǴΧڵģô£ҲҪٴΪǼȡôϾӱڴҪɭҶ˹̹ͳΣһֱ֮Աǡ
ɽ磬ľʶһλѡˣ˵ڳٰϿڰԳǶˣϾ֪˶ٴΣǱȽֿԽˡ
ֱڳϺ׵Ķ֣һ¾ˢڳ˵Ĺ۸У
֮ϲϸ̨£Ȼֹҹһ̿ʼ˫Ѿûһ˿һĻˣ
һɭڲӦĻӦǳڵ¶гĳЩ뷨
ȷЩϣҲ֮Уɳ³ϵµȷԸµˣǰǼһȲһֱʵʵڵõһЩù̲סˡ
Ϊܥеûжӣɳ³ͬһʱˣΪȵĹϵ˿ǹĶ˶꣬˽˵ڳɳ³˽ˡ
ҲǶҹС練Ӧ죬ȻЩӣҹСҲĻǻġ
һһҵְҵǿߣʱҲͷ˵ɭҵĵϵǵɭһǨ˹̹ǵһ֧壬ɭҵĹܼҾ峤Ȼҳ϶ȿ϶ǺģѪⶼԵɭұˡ
ĻڻڳҲΪȻ
ΪǿߵĳܱܵƬ̺ǿڵ
ʱһжǣߣɳ³
ΪΨһѪˣܹʹû齣ıʵ֮ǿȷͬǿܹâģɳ³ôľᵱͻȻҹ͵ϮֱӱˣȻҲܿԱļɵ
˵ǳʵϵĺģ֮Գ֮λ磬ҪԭҪ
ҲͬпźжҹλȾȻҪԼʱҲǰһƨ
бһԷգɳ³ȷǺв
ҹڳĲҲٵĵͷͬȺܥԷ򸾣ȴǶԼͬЩüܥڵ
ɳ³һ̬ܲϵǶҹСֵܵıʮ겻ְҵףǿϵ¼ܹϵģȻѾǵʶܿȻֶΡ
ҲǷ򳪸Ĳ
û֮ǰ˭ܹϵɳ³ϵĿٶҰлŷ˹֮ӰĴڣûרҵ׵ĴڰŻ˵
ȵĻҹҲЩ㱣Լļʾȷûа׷ѣԳǽоݴ̽˳
߼ϣϵ¼ҿܻЩµС̫ܻѡʱͬ˹֮ӰһţϾţȺ˹̹ǵвʵʵģʧܳޣ¿ϵ¼Ӯ˻˹̹ǵƿȨҲû̫ˡ
С޴ҲضԴԼޣΧڵľֻȿɹ֮ǹĺĺԼ·൱ŵġ
ǳ˼ǣ
һ̽Եʵ
ܥĻӦڳ˶ɫһ䡣
ұߣʱרҵ׵ĴҲ˿壡ڼصأԼʣµһߴڣʱҲκ⡣
ո£ͳ˲ٷԵ
ôУϵ¼ôֵǶôұߡ
ҲЩס
Щ˷˰һأ
ЩҲҹЩ棬Ϊ˴鼮ڴұҲЩʶ඼һЩϼȱƵѪߡ
ƾܹŻרҵǿߣ֪ǺܸߴϵˣɭҵȷǼҵʵҲȷñǮ˷ѣôܻ˷ѣ
ϺѾ㽫ϵ¼һˣ
ͬΪްΣĹϵʱӦţڼʱ
ʵ͸ǿִɱ˹֮ӰҪ֣Ƿ㣡
˹̹棬ǸĴۣ
ұɭҪ¿ϵ¼һ治̫ףʵȷҪǿ٣ԼҲñȻǵȷǲֱӶôұ߽һ
ʨӲȫοϵ¼ĺݽɫ
Ҷﱻˣͷּʶɳ³ϵµĹϣҹôܻΪȥ޺ĳһɫ
ܰħȢؼҵˡ
ɭҵΪһֱԽͰݣ汲ıӻһʱ䲻ᳯַȥ˼ΪܥȴԲȱݹϣ
ɭܹһֱڣȷҲǱ˹ķеͬҲû٣
ϲ
Լ;ɭҵӪΪĲôΪҪһʱģû뵽Ĳ£ȴֱǵì̶ֳܼȣһ˲ҹҲǶʮ
Ѿôˣ˯ǾȻıӰѣ
۾һˣԵ±ԹǼǳ𣡾Сۣ
ʱҹֻżĿУ
ϲ㰡
ףﲻԣȿȣϲ̫̫ɣ֪воˣӦ˵вйܼҡ


74 
뿪޵ķΧֻǼľ⣬ǻߵʯڣֻӲżʯǿ
գ
ϾɵƤѥصرܿӲݣʯϷ˸֨űӰ½˳̤ǰĻ߸ڡ
δ΢μţڵҲʮˣ˵ջΣʵûһεĻֲ˹죬Щְҵүǣɢֿһ㣬ʵ
ո̤ڣ뿪˹̹ǳı⼸ӰУһȥʮ˪׳ʵϺЩĿѵ
Ȼ⼸ӦСͥϻﵽһ׼ţϺԵģϺλӦĳСͥһ֮
λѾ·忪ʼ˥ܵм̴ϺȻʵϺƽһ˹̹ȴҲЩСܹȵģţڵЩ仯Ϊᵽһ˿Σ
ϸǶ˰ɣѾ˵ˣȻţڶЩְҵүμȡôɽĴĿȴģ¾Ϊԭ򣬲ŻôɢɣǻȡջĿҲһϢŶԡ
ֻϺѣԱߵһ׳ʱȴЩΪ˵ӹƽܹȡĿ࣬ûӰѾǲǶԲԼء
ܹһֻţ˷̯Ҳùöࡣ
ո˵ԱվڿʼϺϵһСȴƺЩ˵
壬ȻѾ̴ˣʵǿ󣬵վ洳ôЩ꣬ı˵Ǹ״İɡ
ֽΪֱ׵Ļ˵ĳ嶯ëȫչ˳Ȼȷпϣǽ꺺Ӳϲ
üͷǲû˵ʲôֻǲ˼ˡ
Ϊ˹̹߳ȥ۽ĸ֣ΪԼļʶ۹һֱпԱȵ˵ġ
ֻԼȷǸողŻسûã·̫ԼԼûĸϵ̨ˣһϵھһһϻ
ȴû뵽ʱСˢˢ棬ҪǿСѾļ̴ӿм̴ӵУҲǴ˴ζм̴֮һѵһ¡
ҹʱĻܹ֣ǸëС꣬ǵʰĶ֮йϵпɵļȻǴλȥǳɹĽµԴͻƵļ̴ӵʵ޼ŲĲҲӦİ
Сô˵أ㿭Ǹһ㶼ò
׳˶ϺȻԹɫǱԼҶӺöˣһĵ˼ͷϺ󣬾ͳ䡣
˵м̴ԼռȻԼ壬ǸոͻƵĶӣڶüҲû׳ĿȻϣγʲôìܳ֡
ˣôͺһʶСתۼҲôˣ츳ҵ궼ãԺҲл߳ȥιѧϰյ㾭ԺԿ
ˬһЦ˵ֻǺĻȴԴһЩԽУ˾Ӧǰѧϰȴ˿ûȥ룬Լʼ̬˿⻰մϱߡ
ƺԼȥ洳С˼꣬ҲҪñһϺֲһ㡣
⻰˵꣬Կһ˵ƾ͸߳˲٣ǸոȢŲһϱ¶һ˿ı飬ƺԼ̴Ӽɷǵ⡣
ۼһӣȴǳĬƺĬǵ˵
ĸףҲڳʰĶӻģ൱˫òǺײڲìܣΪ˶ĺгΪܹƽȵԣԵСܵСίҲûʲôΪƽ񣬸ίֲûԹ
е㲻̫Ľ󣬺Ʋһ㣬ҲظǢ׵ģһõ£ȻٳʲôˣǸոջĿҲ㲻ʲôˣֻȥתȦѧЩϰ߻ǡ
һͽСʱҲԤ׼ԵǽϵĴСȡֱӿʼĲù
ÿֻŸ߼̴ʵţ˵Ļ˼ҲκβһֻĿű͹ɱһֻʧҲԲܳܵġ
ֻΪΪãɲǳģҪģҪ壬á
Ƭ಼һЩȴɢţȺţţÿƵĶ飬ԾγɵǱռһСӦ
ǲԶż֧ͬͣŲ£ÿһ֧ҲĬûغϣֻܲ񵽾ֻģȫƾ
ʹõģҲǳΪʺϲţ壬ϣԼӦ͵ĶΪն
ţȺѷԭϵǨ;ֻвָڣλƲ֮ʱ˳ԹţţѶסջ
ָڵϣڿϲʯɳҪ֤ҪӦļɡ
Ҳ൱֮
·Ϊӹ̵ļףͻȻеͷЩɳʯɫҲ΢΢Ľı棬ʲô
ȷһº󣬾ͺһֻϺһ㣬ץߴѵ
ƫλãС͵ţȺӦǱְҵүǷֻģöܵ׼
˵ʱϲûо£˿˿˷ܣСţȺڸĻȻЩΣգȡջĿȴҲˣʱԼΪԼʼʱС̫ɹˡ
ȻڴʱţȺ֮ǰһѪǱӰȴг֮С
ѪǱȲƺҲˣжһȳһյģˣǱеٶȻһɳ
üĸ뿭˶۾һٶȣ㹻߼̴ӵǿˣ
ټϵƺǱٶǾż̴ӣųְҵ״Ŀܣ
ʲôһĴŪǱ
Щ˵ӲţȺƾʵٶƣţȺʲôΣյĻǣ
ִȳ֣ʵǿˣҲʱֵܺܳţȺˣͬʱǰ׼Էӭ
ֻڿ֮ǲŷ֮ǰԤп¶ԶԶĵ͹ˣѪĴȫµ˿ڲ¶ʮ
رǱһĵۣǽܹķ࣡
ص£ٶȣǾְͨҵǿģٶǵмְҵǿߣ
ĸ֣ƣȻȫųţȺĿܣ
졢ءسǣ֪ͨССġ
ѪӰƺҲֻԼǿ˿ǰ˺ҲѾ˿ȥ˼ʲôˣʲôˣֻܼѵɳƵίС
û˵꣬ŵһж˾͵˵ϣԼƼǿпס˿ڣҲ˲˿Ѫһأۼǻˣ
ָ߸ϵĴƽѵһĴȻԼǰһʱ䶼õļ˿෢ɲ֪롣
ߣȥ
ĸףҲǵϣûʲôԥĳԼĶӾܡ
ⲢҪȥţʵͨƽ˵˹̹ǽ˭ҶһĹӣ֮ԻܣҪΪǰУһܾ
ھҪ뿪ܺʲôΣգǶԼܹӦ˵ģ
߼ߣܲҲɢԭصĿȴЩ粻Ȣŵȸ뿪Լȴû뿪˼
Ҳ֪Լʵͨȷ൱ˣɷЩȴʲôǣ뵽ֲεﵱʬ޴档
Ϊȥ滨˵ȴҲͬŶʵĿ֮ԻҪΪԼ޷֮ͻƵ߼̴ˣСǰȻлǰ
ɫһţƺҲ¶ʲôģߵǵѪʬǰѹƺƺ˵ʲôһ㡣
λˣҽˣҲӦȸһ㱨ǣȻѾˣҲֻԼˡ
ҲһַٵķʬϵȻڵĴѾʧɻҳ˼ֵǮСҼôмְҵǿϵĶ©㶼㹻֮ˡ
飬ȷûж󣬿ǰʬԼѾѪȾ˫֣ҧҧѥгһСʬ巭˹ƺҪƸһ㡣
ְҵǿߣӦڸ˺ģϣЩǱħħ˸ʺʹõĲƷ
ֻǾڿѾСͱʬ帹֮ʱȴͻȻеһͷһȴǷһֻѪεץסԼ˿ã
иǴ󺧵ǣѪֵˣȻǵǾѪҺѾʬ壡
ȵȣѪҺѾ̣Ϊ̵ô죿Ϊʬܶ
󡢴ˣҲǹģҡֻǿܲһ¡
ŹȵĿʱ˵Ѿֻʣ۰׵Ŀֲ۾г˿־塣
ֻǵȴģȴͻȻſҰ޵ͺѪ˿Ѫڡ


75 
˹̹ǱѷƽԭɳĮԼλó˹ĻһƬߵĸڣ滷ʵ⣬ȫΪǿǵġ
ÿ꼾ѷƽԭţȺǨʱвһ·߻·˹̹ǸĸڣΪ޵ᾭԵţȺı䷽
ǨУתƵţȺ˵ĸߴ֮ڣԶԶ˹̹ǵ˿ڲÿһֻţȺϲ߸ڣƽ߼̴ӼʵţȺ˵Ͳ˹̹ˡ
һ֧ǧͷţɵţȺڻߵĸϣ󳾰ţ˿ļʯ̼̤˷ĩ
һţ£ʵʳħޣһȴһȺƽܹ岶׽ĶǨ;ʳħΪʳÿͿڻȡһ
ԳȺţȺײʱǿרҵǿ¾Ǽħ޶ñâ
ţĳȺϰԣǧȻѡĽֻбŲܹǵ漸ʣ
ͬģȻ̭ķһţȺĳֻӣ߲ܵ󲿷ţȺҲǲģֻҪǺܹɻҲһ
ҪĿľΪ˷ϢԴΪǰ̶ȵııܴʱ򶼻ֹзͻзҪôΪ¸壬Ҫô޷
ֻǨ㱼ееȹģţȺܣʱʱֵʳħ⣬ɵӰɢʵɢֲš
ӦǵֵסˮջˣѾʼı䷽ˣɢǣ
Ȼ֧飬ֻţȺҲһξˣжϳҪԵţȺ󣬼˵Ϊ׵һӣ̧Ϸһɫźš
źŸոշǿɢҷֲӰǼΪѸĬķֹжٶҪһصӰѸٵıеţȺǰҾϰٸɫʴɵһ߱һҡ
ŭ൱һֵţȺ壬ţȺЩѵɧ
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޴ĻӦ𣬷ıըƾˣһţȺܵ˾ţŲףר֮õĸͼᣬʱȴ˼Ϊ˵ЧʵЩ޴ͼǸݣˡ
ţȺȴǲЩЩɧңڸܾĳָķţȺ󲿷ֵţ˳ƸǰλҡźɫĵӰȥ
ȻѳһͷСţȺܵӰСˮ̫Ȼǿĳ޵ķǰš
ʺȺ̰ļһ
ͷʼźŵĿ¡ɭԹƵĽһ󣬱ǲ鲻ԸԼֻСţȺȥܶˣվҲħᣬʡʡʣµţȺ͵ÿɢˣһֺõΣջ˵׼һЩֱţƴ
ֻνʣµЩĻǵԼҲǱ
ʣľһƺȻĽͬʱͷǰţնףѪҺ䣡
ֻʣµţȺܵʲô̼һ㷢Ƶĳſ³ȥһ߽ţһ߿ٶţȺĳ淶Χ
һɾնɱͷʵȴҲѾȫˣϾţɱҪѶˣҪҲҪΪҪϵţȺĿ̫ܹ࣬ǰЩҲʡ
ֳܹɼʮֻţСţȺǶˣԷĽЩ˵ƽϷ֣һϵţȺԻ̫ΣգִܿܳˣΪ˵ɭҲԸ⿴ġ
ڿ»׼һʱƿ֮ȴע⣬ƾǿߵǿ̬ƿ֮ոճ֮ʱĲ׽˼ߴԶûţȺС
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ʱѸɨܺķ֣ƺλþ뿪ʼķص㣬ʵûԤôԶСʱ׷ӣСôƻˣ
Ϊһ·ϵƣxxoɢɥĲҩóˣŭֶʵ㹻ŵߣȷûзֳ̫ľעܻ
˹̹ܵƬԼѵ𣿲ܵﶼı䲻״
Ȼ־ȻһֱŶȦӣһֲԤҲͷ
ɻôģǸˣ¶ԸҲò׵ģһС֪ʶ
֪֮ġ
һǴ
пܡ
ǽʦ
ʦ磿ã
кȻ֮ոҲٻָ׼ǿѹһУֱʱŷ֣Լ붯ʱһĪѹȴסԼ
׽&
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˫ֺݺݺʮײһ
ҹһӵķģΪģܴ֮ԭ۵͹𻮺ۺƶ˹һȺ
¿ȥԲ֮ڣΪϵĸֱ仯γһ޴ĸӷģ
һֱȦӣ֮ǹϸĵĵα仯γһȻħ
ûħˮħΪԴȪӴħҲŴ֮Ĵס
ڰְֻҵ۷ǿְҵǿߣ˿֮Ŀϵ¼ҵڶߣɴ֮ǰȴҲ˿޷ѣ
㣡㱰޳ܣú
¼ѪҲ޷Ӵߣ䵽
ôܣԼôܻСϣһôܽԼƽȥҲ
׷ɱ·ţǱżһСֻҪһҲģ
úúãҪҲҪһԼǵʵȼպĶȻкܴ
۵һ˿пᣬѾȼպĵľһǰ׼ȼպģȫתӻ࣬ԤȲ֪ü
Ƿ²Ͳʵһ㣿
ҹţıԹ
ıԹȴǸֳһ˿ϣԭʼȫٿغԤȵľٶҲ˶٣²
԰µĽԼסΪѵǻ׽ԼԼлȥ
˾һлȥ˭Ըȥ
ܿ죬ԭߵ̬Ⱦһˣʲô¯һ͵˵
ӦûҶȴֻɱȼһжģѪ֮һָ߼ͫȻѪףǻźĿֻҪҿϵ¼Һ
ѾҵϣߵͿʼ˵ƺǶҹ˶ԸԼһ㡣
ٺ٣СֻҪһɱңҵᣬȻٱҪ
ֻ˵ҵķ²û˵㣬˸ʲôʲôΪʲôֱùħɱ㣿ʵһ̫ѶҲ٣㾯
ңվֱɱҲ̫˵㣬԰԰ˣģոǲǸоڰ¼ˣߣɡ
ҹЦĶȱ飬ȴһǰ߾˵һ֣ߵ˫ȱǱ֮˿
δȵ³־е߷Ӧʲôһ޴̱Ǵ˫֮һϣ
ΪʼٸߵҹԼ˫ȼнˣȻŶĶĿʬ壬Ц
ȣ㿴ڽʦֶ£ӦҲԸ⿴İɣİɣ·һȥģȥ
˲ɳס۽ǣҹȻתԭķصȥֻԭȻĲű⴮ʬ塭


78 
ƽĻҰϣߵӰǱĹһǿĵġΧΧǵȴֻĸϵѾµļʬ壬һռݾԵƣ
𣡡
ѾѪĶػ룬ñ۶ܺݺݵĽһйԱĵһɣԼȴӾäһػߵĿҲһƬѪģ
߼̴ֻƴصĻ³еٱһף
ֻǸĴۣƴ߼̴һһˣ
ֻʣµˣٴμԱ
¸£ְҵ֮½ΪϣȻͼٺ٣ȼպٲ¶ĵĻǿǾûˡ
һ֣˳㻹Ĩ߼̴ӲӵĳֽӣһϷʵı˵
һӣƺ޲öԷȼպһ㣬˲ȡĶǲһ˵ĴȻְҵ׶ƴǺйǵġ
һǣǣһһλְҵ׵Χֻһְҵ׵Ķܹڵģ
ǻʱҪȴԮأߴȥ׷СӣСȼպҲӲ˶ã˵Ѿڻ·ˣʱȼպҲһᡣ
һΪ̽󲻶ϣͷ뽣жԵְҵ촽Щ̵Ĳ䵽
˸ո߼̴ӣѾ̴棬ɱġ
Ҳ֪ϵ¼ҸʲôôֻҪ˾֪ҳĵ̾ǿϵ¼ܹģǽȫҲ壡
ϱŵһŵ⣬ɫķһģƿյöʸ
վֻһǰ˵սöļĹҲԷ˺׵Ļˣ˿
ȻĻϿڳΧְҵǿߣʵǿϵ¼ҵˣ˵ǣӦöӶ
ǳɭң̫ظ̣ҪĶǸˣңΪϵ¼Ҷֻ֣Ϊеȷ˿ϵ¼ҵʤʣô׵ɭΪУ
ʼֽӣЦţƶһĳٴȥ򷨼ΪգȴֺʵãûְҵȴҲĪвһӶ·
˵䣬ɵǣѵҪߴ˻β˵𡣡
ڳʣһһְҵɫЩ˵ƺ̫ÿӦþǿϵ¼ұְҵǿˡ
ɫ᲻ÿʵҲһıѾרԵĿƷ϶һʧˣΪ˽вĨɱҡ֮Уߴ˶Գ˹
ΪһˣǸǵڰ˿ºƲʲôӵʱˡ
Ȼʵϵıʣȴǲ㽫ɵһУֻһУǸߴԹɱȷһʧСӣȻֱɱԼʵĶѣǿдһȱӴˣ
ʱѡԼߣǿҲʲô
ͷһ⣬»˸ѣҪߴȥ׷ѾǺѿˣҪڴ˽ǰԼ߶²ͷԼоϹȥ
Ⱥ̰Ӷ̰ǿϷſֽĻЩ翹ļһҪˣ
ǻиǸôȼպҲ΢Եˣ𣿰ϹǵĽλҪԼֻһǣˡ
ȵߴ˻ұȻúúˣҿϵ¼ҵĶɲôõġ
λʣΨһĿϵ¼ҳԱиո뵽ʱԶһӰȴѾӷɳпٸ˹÷״һϲ
죬ߴѾˣҲ㰡
໡׷ɱһǵСҲôõʱ䣬ϵ¼Ҳʵ
֮Ҳ˸ϻƺЩмӡ
ˣ˵䣬վǹǵ㡭ãɢ
ʵǿҲ˵٣˴󲿷湥ɢͣǳһԼͬ飬ȴɫ䣬ֻüһԼһߣ֮ʱһ˦
ۡ

ۡ
ļʸԾһӵһȻȻһ֮ʱϢͻ˷Ĵȣһᴩ
ǵ
ԱеĶѶ⵽ӦĹֻǹǿûԼߴ󣬵ȴҲԵǱѣ˸ˣ
ͻĴֱһͻȻ⵽һ֧ȫְҵɵСӷһ㣡
ȴֻһˣ
ߣҪʲôɱڣҲԼҲ
ȵȣʲô
ӰĿɳҲ޷赲֮ʱڳΪͻĹעеˣȴɫ
ȻߣǸӴܵС
ܣôܹߴ˵׷ɱƻ
ʣϵ¼һսʿһżϵ˿ɫŤ
иոô£ѵĶͨƵʰ
ҵȷ˦ϹٶʵҪ죬Ҳá
ҡʹļ򣬸ոմǡͨĸǿлָҹԺƲƲ˵
Ҿ֪ûߴ㾹ȻԼǣֻҪƬ̵ȵ
һĿϵ¼ְҵսʿ¶һȻ˵ı󣬱ǽͷֱӰγڳһ׼ǰ̬
ߣȻһȷǿɱͬǿȻԼһͻȻ͵ϮҲȷǰ˫Ĳ΢ƽôõ׷϶ҲƣˣԼӮǣһ»ûģ
Ұɱˡ
Ѿȫҹ赭д̬Ⱦͺ˵ʲôһ㡣
ѽѽʵȷǻһ㰡һְҵϼչģȻЧЩ㣬Ѿƿؼ˶ɶʱܴﵽıƷ֮ͫҪСöˣֻҪ·ָܻ
ûҹְҵΪʱϵĿǰʵƿصȣԣԼĵĿȴȫһֳԽͨĸо
ߡ˾ȱ飬ƭ˶ᡭ
ȷû˸ֻһˡ
ڿϵ¼λʣһսʿû˵ʱ򣬴мȴҰγͷλսʿȴһ˿ϵУ¸ĪӿȸУһɫ˵
СӾȻöȻԼ˵ȴѩϼ˪
Ǹϵ¼ҵĴѵûʽ
ܹһ˷˿µ˶˽ȥȡǰս͵ϮȴҲѰһǿ
Ǳ˦ҲãҲãСӴ󷽷վȻǶʱ䲻Ҫָˣ
ΪӶԼԼԼǰλ츳⣬֮ľȴҲıǮ
ô꣬Ȼ֪ʲô½пܣģּӵܾȻڿ˵û飬ʵԼҲǸݰǼıӻ㶪棬˳һھ͵ó⡱
ǰԼԼǰƣ϶ͻѡսԳˣΪƫƫԼ˵ĵطȲԼٶȣ
вǣҲͰˣǶԷΪ֮ǶԷͼܾܿҪһ򾡣
뵽λʸӶҲЩƺҺʵ·һ㡣
ףǰ㲻ҪСҵ˫۾ġ
𽥺ͽƣĳ鿿£ҹȤĿǴмӶ˵ʮġĿģƷ֮ͫ治ע⵽Щ
Ǻǣû뵽¿ͼȻĿǰĽλߣȷҳô츳Ĵڣߵȷпܱ㰵ˡ
½ҹϺսʿԵúء
ڶֵӣҹȴʼζ˵
ǰҲô˵ң˵Ŷʵֻҵļְߺõ㣬۲ϸ㣬͵͵񵽽ŵ׵žᰡָϵöħָЩ
㣡
Լ·ûԵöʧ̬λӶʱıüΪѿ
ΪڵʸӶȻʲߵ£ͻȻһջЧֵȷܳɫվҲһһǣ
ǿֻҪԼռȻҲǱɣԼɵֻԼٶȴ󽵱Էλĥˣ
ֻǰһۿ˺ֺҲΪϵֱӷŵ׵ĵͻȻһը󣬽ǿԼʩˡħƷٶͻȻһֿµĵز
ǿԶȲĹ
Ƹۣ
ͻıǰҹҲеΪȣȻÿһְҵǿ߶С˵ʲôʱó㹻ĵơ
ǰԼͻϮĺͷۣٶȫ·Լǿ߽ǻǺѰġ
ϧ
ܹˣҲýˣ&ǹ֮󣡡
ʮָ£
ߵĵһζΣҹվĶ鸽ڴƬƬ̽Ⱥ

ʲô
ۣ
ÿһ̳޷λħȣ֮ܺǰԸʱľ׼ࡣ
̶ְҵǿߣÿ˶۶ʮκλһȻĸϣ
޾һ㣡
οڳˣΪʼļʸͻϮԸˣǰȫ˹ԽԽ࣬ԽԽƵĶѭȻֻʱϵ⣡
ԭΪΨһһǿߵλӶ㹻ʵⲢǿȺɱһ·ӴܣʵѾƵʵٽֵ
κηʵƸһ֮ʱѾԽǿߵļޱٶȣȫԼܹƵģֻĿԼѪ֮һƬӲײʮף
һƬϹһ㣬һ⣬Ѫģǵһɣ
ֻһȺδħʱƴģ黯ʽ綼㲻ϣֻҹݵǰʱԼӽȥƻȴӲĨɱһְҵǿߡ
ָܸԭһ˶кʵҹԽʦսʽٴЩµĸ򡭡


79 س
㲻ú
ֻܹ͵ģ
ʵǿʸӶǿ󣬱ΧȺ֮еҲƺĶС
Ȼ״ҹȴǶǵ˿ûᣬֻǲϵĵŸģĲȷһʧ
Ц
Ǽ򵥵Ľһ򾡣ô˵ҲְҵǿߣԼ漰ǹ㣬ǲʵʵȼȻһǷΧڣ
ȫûʱֻҪһӳɹȼպģԼһˣ
ˣԮʱȺ̷ʬԭʵ͵Ŀϵ¼һսʿһװڿ֧š
ȻǿӲдţҲ޷ľ
ΪʲôΪʲôߴ˻δ֣
ֱʯĹ⻪ȥҲʼЩķЦ
ǣ
ȫ˷ĵͱԼڣֻڱ֮ǰȴȫгݺݳҹķ˦ȥ
䣡
ֵ˲䣬ԽΪ˲ɢһµˣ
ǰȫɽһնϣ
ƿڳгһɡ״ˣͻٵһ
ȼְҵĵľһ
ٶ֮죬գۼͽڵִҹţԱһֱԷƴְҵػ룬´ȫ䱸״̬Ҳû˿Ӧ
ƺһ̾ܽҹһͬһ㣡

Ļһ˦ɱȻĳֱӲҹͷಡź󷽵շȥգۼͲӰ
ĸ̶ϾǿпȼպĲһСϵ£ԼһеһȻ赭дĻ
Ҳ˲ʵŭֻѪĭֻܷɳƵ
һƾʲô
Ǵݲʣһ
ֱʱҹԱߵǴһҹǰٶ״
˲ŵ亹ǰǷ仡ԳĶѣҹͨͨϿƽ˲١
ոǲˣ﷭һֱķˣϵĿƷ֮ͫһȼպĵľһ治һֵˣ
СҲǿϵ¼еѪˣȼպĵͬʱÿ֮ɣ
ոȼպĺȫѹеƿһѾӽȫһĹ
ǶԷλʵ̫̫ͣԦÿƷ֮ͫԼҵ㹻λ治˵
Ȼϵ¼ҵְҵԵƽӹ˵㣬ÿһְܹҵ׵ĽɫСӣ
򣬱ʲôʱˣ
ʲô˶ˣ濿ҾѾƨˡ
ûİһۺҹЩƵ˵
ֻո˵꣬ͷ־ۼԼϵ۹øˣ룬˵ŵļλ߼̴ӣڶҹлһ
Щвûʲô⣬ȴҲҹƤһأʲô࿭
ҹˣʩ𣿡
룬һִٹĿǶҹ˵
ոͻıʣʵǸ̫Ӿˣ˿ȿϵ¼ͻȻ͵ϮҪĲ
ԲۣʲôôȺ巨׵ħҲǼϵʽʦܹóɣ
ûʲô˵ģǽʦغʱɱ˲ʲôǴ󣬵幥̫У˵ųҪͷ̶ֳȵȷҪǵķʦܹǿͷţǲŲȥַķʽģֱӱʩɱɾ򵥡
ԭǿ佱Լҹ̰ڳһǫ̬һûʲô˵ı˵ֻ˵Ǽѿȴĳġ
Դ֮ĳɹҹǽеýʦķʵս
Ȼܵȷͬ˵ºϣѹƷ֮ͫĳ߶ѡְҵƷܹ֮ͫһϸ΢еڣʵ廯ϵħй
ֻҪʺϣԽսĺͺˮһ򵥣
ңҹѰʦӵż޷ƣ
µݿ֧֣Լ
屶ڳ˵츳ģ
˱Ŀ㹻δѪ¾͹⣬ǿֲȶԸΪ˶ġ
ҪʦƻըʵҪǰصģսûϸĲٿֻܽм򵥵ĸ
ϾʱĲҲǾϸǵսĵƻǲ֮ǧҲҹʮļȶıȻܣټ˫Ŀݿṩֲ֧γֽ
ΣҹͨεսҲѾȻԼȻһְҵףɾʵ˵Ѿ֮ǰ̫ˣǱ׷ɱ·ţ鶼ѡ˶Ϻȼ
ңһְҵνҲ治Լˣ
øʿ֮ľӦڶƽڸ𽥹̣ҹҲòпȻϵְҵ˵սõֶΣ
֮ǰʱһֱǴ󲿷־ǹھȻҲܹô칮̵ڶڸҲԵϴҩڶöڸĵʱˡ
Խɱվǿ찡Ȼϵ츳׽
ľѾɢؼҹĿǰڸٶҲ⣬Լ֪Լ£֮ǰʮ굽̴ӵ츳Ҳϣ;ȫûȣһֱǿԽɱֻġ
ŸĻ͸ʿ֮ļӴЧʺ󣬲ӦǿԼЩŵĽŲ
ϧЩӶģĶҲõˣûռõļֵҲ֮ǰһռֵǮ
ʵռֵǮҲŻᣬûռֵǮ
ҲĸǼһСǿ´
΢ָһºѵӥŵ⣬ԼĳٻϵıҲԵЩ
λְҵǿߣɭҵļͣҵû˵λصĿҲЩȶ
䵣絣ĵĳֻСӵɣŶԸұߵ൱飬ǰһҿɲΪϵ¼ҵ˺ǼӶ
ϵĳָվҹıҲԵú
˼ǡ
ҹΪԹߣټ֪һЩĻȻӳǱ⼸˿öģ£ҲǲݰȻҲд塣
Ȼҹ֮ǰжϱˣȴΪԼжǴģ֮Գָı䣬϶з˹֮ӰԼԭ
ϾܹԸұߣĴҲΪƣѰ֮ｻҲܻˣ̸Ҳ㹻ɭòˣΪɶ
ҹɲŷ˹֮Ӱϵ¼һȡ˹̹ǵĻȨ幤Ҳûô˽
ҶǼһܿ˹֮ӰĿ£Ҳ֮ǰȴһûýָͷ붼ǽעһ֧黹гҲù
ȥԭǵļƻУӦĶ飬ͻȻɱȥ϶ܳ䲻⣡
ɫڳһı˵ΪְҵԵԵʣѪ֮ʢǰͿĨЩҩƾͻָ˸߰˰ˣһѪۣ⼤ĻﻹԵмơ
Ƚ´˵ãӦ㹻СĿռսȥ
ŵ˵һδӣȴҲû˿ԥͬ⵽
һԵҹɷ˷ۣðɣ׵ĲȥĸߵӣȻ漰˿ϵ¼ңɭҶԼȷҲֱӾô̵ˣҲͷͨҪȥʽ˵
һԹ԰ԼµʱͻȻȴɫһ˦־һ˳ȥͬʱ
СģԶ㣡
ͻȻĹȻǳǰȥʬŵⷽ
˵ǵѾȥʱĿ壡
𣡡
ɳƵ˻ͻȻԭѾȥʱĿȴͻȻŵ˹ȥڴʱҹһҲѾִüģȫܵĿֱӱһͷٴε˵ϣ
ҹͻȻɱˡĿ£˵ҲϵʽֻɫѿĿŵϵʬ壬Щҧгݱŭ쳣˻
ƷȻߵ壡
Ϊ˹̹ǵ˵ɳĮǶȻҲ̫İʬ쳣ȻҲһ۾Ϳ˳ԲŻڵķŭ
⵽ǸʲôʱҲû˿ոոʱҲͣǲ֪һûһ֡
һεĿǰԼеϤذףֳ˳ɫҲе
ɱ˾Ȼ黯
ңƷ֮ͫ۲죬Ȼ˲ʬϵһ˿Ϣͨô򵥣ôԤӾʹˡ
ȻȻ֪˹֮ӰĿģԼһҹʱҲеЩð亹ɫ仯һ󣬲Ȼվ˵
ߣسǣ
ϣ
ôɡ


80 
ףǸʲôǲȥ𣿡
صʰϸĸףЩɻʵԱߵĸҲǡ
ƽθɣֻˮĲٲԾȫԾϵ¼ҾȻͻȻͳѣȻдıʣȥ˾ܱܷͷȵ˲Ż
ʰĶ˿ûͣٵļɫص˵
ȻһûʲôɾͣҲǴʰĶУʬһ·߹ģΣ㹻
Ϊڼ͹ˣڵȴӹ죡
Ϊһ֮ǿӲı̬¼оЩСˣȴҲûгԷԣԹԵһʰ
ĹôҲԼƽɰ˭ϴ󻹲һ˵ʵֻҪԼһҲͷĶڼȵҲû¶ˣȫûҪȥǰɡ
Ȼ˾˼ڵǾ˹̹һͳУм·;ȴҲԼһܹƽģֻ취̶ӣĲ͡
ҲΪ뷨ʰĶҲǺ
ڴʱһ󾪿ֵļȴǴӲԶ˹ƺǴʲôӶļУҽȺһɧһҵӣ
Ϊĸм̴ӣҲʰĶӹ꣬ЩģһҲƽееȽ׼סĵطҲ㲻̫ãȴҲȻҵƶҪò١
˵ڣû︽ͻȻɧңһʱҲеЩơ
Ҫˣھߣ
оͺǳأȻǳˣԥ˵һֳ˱ͲŵһϺøֵһ˦һѳŰŶ
˵ǼѹصĶˣƽʱȫ᲻±ĳӣξȻȫóˡ
״ˣôңû𣿡
һ߻ĸ׸ųȥһҲصʵƺҲûôˣֻʱѵǸӦöڼôɧҳܹѹȥǡ
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ҵ֮˽ǰȷǡδꡯ޹ֵλã̽ʵ
Ѿ鱨ҪԵҹǰĿҲȷǻְҵףҪ޹֣δģҲǽڲܣ
ãԼǸߴϵĽʦսֻҪгزؽ磬ʵսҲǼΪɹ۵ģԸһЩƻ嶼Ҫؽļܹ⣬³
̵µľ޹֣ȫõˣֻҪǵԼĲǷܹЧɱƤ
һ뵽ҹҲһ߳ɭȥһڸΪ֪ܼʮġĿģɭˮı仯ҳķ治Ҫ̫򵥡
ǲһӵʱ
ҹǴһľһԾ£·¢֮ϣȥǰϰĶũж̴де磬ƺǸողֲõӡ
ˮ֮ĩѾյļȫͬ
˳¢ȥûþͿһСׯ˵ôˣׯȴҲǵһΡ
˹̹ܵĻ̫ӣʻʺֲֻмλöصĵطСҹûȥسôľ붼һ·ģͻȻζŨĵطҲһ˿ɸС
еũϴµĸˣ䱼ˣĺͯѹûһĸо˹̹ǵڸǽµľ񶼲е
ƺȫõħ޵Сõǿˣ԰ŷʳӡ
Ĳ֪ȫ쿪һ磬ǾþȻŪĳǳԼ⣬ʵҲˡ
ˣǴİɡ
ҹ׼˭˽һʱһƵǴһԴֻһǣŸţϲͬ¢ϡ
ͻʵҹһûвϲ෴Լĸ֪֮ˣôⶼһλƽˡ
ƫƫģȻһ۾ͿԼ·
ռУڿռĴڣһıԼʲôû˵ͱʵЩ˼顣
ķ豹棡
ֹȻ
λ˼Ǻ
ҹڳһ˵Ĺ˳Ц˵
ǺǣֻιǰЩһˣҲΪ˽öʧô
ϲһЦǺǵı˵˵ҹеƺԼ̫ˡ
ǺܿϲĻռһЩϢǰΡ񷢲ֹһˣǰ滹ʲôʹ
ܹĻ
ȷҾܵίǰģ֪Ǽλںδ
˵ͨϲУȻѾˣǾͲֱӴ˽ϲҲ֪ġ
ʧܣˡ
ǣţϲ̵Ļȴҹеһ۾ս
ûи˵ΣԺܵ͵ʹĸռ䰡Ļˣ͹ԣҲͬʱģ
˵˹ģȫͲ
ðɣǸƺԻܴ
˹
ǴֳԹҹҲǴϲ˽һţ˳㻹֪֮λá
˳ָķСϣԶԱȽɵĽҹҲòϣ˵ǽɱƺһСöѡ
ֻǴĲ϶Բʯ춥
ԣžһ伸ʮƽ׵ӣֻһ㣬Ѱ˼ĸ߶ȡ
ǰһ񣬿ӦһˣڳһʲôƣϧϿտҲûĻԭλӦþǱ͵ߵĴӡ
ͷԵľ޹־Ȼ͵궫ˣȻﻹӦķǽߵ
Ĵǣܶһյӣ޹ֵвҪͻ֮Ķġ
˵˱ҪʱԼҲܹѰӻô
ĿǰյϢƵóѶϢҲҹɳ֤ˣǰ˳ɾǲҪ˾Ǹˣȥǰȫ·
Ȼ·µʱ䣬˽⵽Ǿ޹λúԼȴҲ̽һ£ٸ̽ãµʱϰ
һ뵽ҹҲѾ˽õſڣŴű򿪺ӳıһŮڲסС۶¶⼷乵ֵĸʡ
⧲ҹӶɳˣŮôѡŮװҲ̫ɫˣԱ˹̹ǵ̽Ͱ͵Ⱥǿ󷴲ȵҹ
ΪĹϵķΪòֱŶԷǶֵ൱ֱ
;򡣡
һкҹûеôԴһۣ൱ۣһ𵴸ˣͷһŷ֣ŮһȻһ¾ˡ
˪ϣӱƺҹĵһӡ൱⡣
ҹЩëΪ֮ĽãŮõĶô
ΪȥլԵʣʵɫջҹĵֿ˵ʵҲ⣬ͬģΪҩ满ʥʿС޳˵ϴѬգһֱϵľ˵ĺǿʵҲ
˿ʼΪû׼ʧȫָͺƸոʲô鶼ûһ㣬̾һ֡ʿ˵
ãάŮˣǽΡ
ֻǾҹһĽͣ׼ȡϢʱǰȴǡ顱һͻȻرգײıӡ
ŴӵдŮ
ͱȥˡ
ҹɸеһ㶣˵̱ȥһֿԼ˼ǰҹ侹ȻԼ
ǻеһ˿˿⣬ҹǸܵõģǶӡ൱ԼҲһֱܵĹôѹܹΪõŮ
ϧȥһҪǲȴ϶
ӲͷƤҲϰĺҲֻܹˡ


84 鱨ռ
΢磬żƮһ˿ͳϵζ˿޷ƽҹʱ΢üͷ
ԼôջǴλȵŮеõԼҪ
ðɣʵſˣһֱ˵㲻ԼԼҲȥǾ޹ƣҪƨ˾ͶĴ֮ġ
˵öԷıʵ°ܶԷֶҹеЩݣΪСҹҲȫȥˣȥ󲻵ԼҪϢԤڵĵõһöһԵӻ
ֻǼҹȴȻԵЩ⡣
ûõһöĻӦһֵÿĵ顣
ҹҲˣǾʱ㹻ֵ޹ȫһĻ˵ִıӴͬʱԺﻹ˿ռʾ֤ⶫļֵֻֻǰռʹðˣûҲա
ֺöǰ½ÿһִʹŹ
ζʲôζּıƷȴҲȻûӹɱĽ֣
μʹɵ
ȻҹôΪԵ޹ʽ˵ɵӣͷȴǺܷܿɵǸԼһѾֵĴҶ˽ˡ
Ȼû⣬ʵҲǿ󣬻űƷôؼܵĻᶼûУп϶Ҳʾвûἰ⣡
ңһˣȻú֪Ϣļ˶ȴⶼԵúǿˡ
ҹΪصؾĻŮŪǰ漸ߵʵ
ʿ
ǰ½ǰִǿһλɾһλʿõ˿Եֵ޹һαɱĻǰ֪ǰ⣬㹻ȴȻǲǾ޹ϣӶûлӳ
Ժųӵרҵĳ޹ְ֣ҵʿҲȷȫˣ
޹ž޴ͬʱĴۿص壬ޱǻۣһľȫʿûܵĻᶼûоϻһöĻ
Щ㹻˵ˣųδľ޹֣Ǳô򵥣ԼóóȻǰȥ̽˵ͬ³
ԼֶþŽʦ֮ɱǿߣȴζԼÿζܳɹҲζԼ㹻в۷ְҵǿߡ
˵ʿʲôȥĻʹݣֻҪ̤磬㹻Լˡ
˼ҵʵʱضܹӳûƣܻϼӳ֡
Լʿǰ֪ǰ£һķӳ϶ҲǺԼһ취Զй۲죬˽ֵϰԺص㡣
óóȻǰнӴԵ̽ʹѡ˳ֵأܿǾڵĹ۲ΪѾ˽⵽Ǿ޹ֵԣ˵Ϊ˽⵽Ǿ޹ֻɱǰ˵ԭ
ȻûȻˡ
ĽۻǾ޹ֵ㹻ص㣬Ӧǣһܹͨ壬һȫʵսʱȴ䲻⣿
¹ԼСҹСԴҲתǰδеĿ죬ѾﵽԼĿǰܹﵽ۷壬һֱյľĳɳҲ൱ˡ
߼ϣûʲô⡣
һ뵽߼ûʲôƵͲԾҹ˹̹УԼɭϵ¼Լϵ¼ұ˹֮ӰĹϵС
鱨ݿ߼֧֣˵ҲͬûִģʵȴǱϵ¼˹֮ӰжĴˡ
ԭȻ֪鱨Уȱһ㹻˹֮ӰıҪأ
ϢԳƵһ棬Լһ棬ҹԹȻһ֮ɵʹۡ
ǵϢ鱨Դʾ;ռʾŮĿͷ鱨ԼԶҹ۲죬Щ;Уһ󵼡
¢֮ϣһ֦ϵϱȻż׵ĵͼͼΣҹҲЩò׼
ôִʹǣʱ˺ضѾռݣűĻ·²ΪֻҪ˻ڽñӻµĴׯ͡
ף
һҹܾԼƺץסʲô
ǴҴҽϵͼ󲽳ṩľ޹ֻȥǷˣҪ֤һ¡
ãۺʵ棬Լʿһɵڹ۲棬ǾǶԷϲϵģ

޹֣һӵʶ壬˵֮ǹ壬ʵǸʱȴǸħ޵ϰԡ
ҹ鼮е˽Ȼ̫ϸҲиˣϾȫݿˣԱͬͬϵķʦǼǵһЩ
ö̽˴һƤĥüΪ⻬Ե֮ҹſƮɧζҲǰ⴦ٴεļ䶨λ
ʮһˣҲǾ޹ֵȷ˳Ź˵ĸ֪ԼеĸӵΣҹԼᱻж޴ľ޹ָ
̽ԷطΧʱҲǵϸ£ȴһֱָ߶Ⱦ裬ȴҲûʲôΣ
ҿ̽ʱҹ֣޹ֻΧʳԴǱȽϷḻģ޹Ӧòᵣʳ⣬ͷԼ򵥵˵ϱҪǳԱˣвȶͲǡ
صķΧԤ۲УӦþֻжŵˡ
һҹԭ˦һ˼򵥷ĵľ׮ڵ󣬱ǿٵˣԼʼԤжķλȥ
ɵһܶҹһɽͻһʯƽ̨ϡ
ﴦڸߵλʱҲΪý޹ֵĻ۲ҰС
Ӹߴ¿ȥԿԿ޹ֵλãһƬľƺǱƵһ㣬ҹĿһªĶѨӦþǾ޹סĵطˡ
ʱصĶľſɼĲ򶯵޹ӦǸλøѲ߻ʳ
򵥵ȷһ״ͻҹͷԼȷĹ۲ϸϸ̽
ȻһЩصĽ䵱УһЩƷĲкȴĻѡǣ֮ǰλִ
˵ʲô˲ַҪȷǰŵλãԾ޹ֵϰԻҪŻ˽ģͨһЩۼҹҲȷӦòʿһʩߡ
ֻʩ߲ݳ޵Ľħճ֮С
ûʲôãʩȻҲˡ
׼ҹȴҲûܵ
Լµʱ䣬ȻҪʱȫϣʱסˣʱ仹˳ԼʵӴԼıǮ͵ơ
ʲôԼƽڸҲѾȫչôϴҩ۵ڶöڸˣһɹǻʵĶְҵˣٴ㡰Ŀģ
ԼȫƷ֮ͫҰֽһ
ţҪһƿְҵϴҩ


85 
վ±ߣƬֵأǱسª׸߰ԲСɽƵӰһ̤ųصĲӺ
ҹҲƲƲ
ǹɰ˯˯ԣһһ
ֹʲôʱķȴǴһϸ΢ɫһ̻ͷߵһħӹʯ̨ϣһץҡεԹܣһƵı飬ʧˣ
һ£
ҹѾɽƽ̨һ£ƽǿſռеĸɣżڵĢһĢŲͷ¶ԭʼ
ʱÿնǾ޹ֵճ۲죬ÿٳʱȥõ㷨ʦ֮۵Ľڵ㣬ԷԼܹĶ̬⡣
ʱ䣬ҹǶϰҩ棬׼ȷ˵ְҵϴҩһҩ档
ҩѧҪͶԴ뾫ϰвгɳĸְҹĿǰһҩѧ֪ʶǵ϶Ĳ黹ħµϡ
ܷḻãʵߵҩ֮һְҵϴҩųֵϵģѧϰ·˿õġ
ڲϣ
Ȼǵ϶Ųˣʲôûôϰ˷ѣ
ⲻϻ𣬼ܹҲݵĲ϶ѡ
ҹԼ˫ʮĵı̬Լݿⲻϵݲÿθֻȡʮ֮һĲ֤ҩԼģá
ǻ˶ʮ֮һ
ٵ棬Ƕʮ֮һʼã
һжֻΪϰΪ˼¼ҩԣΪݿ֧֣ˣֲϵʵҲѾĴˣҲÿһʵʧԽԽ
ϼһҲǿԼ֪ǰǰԼһ׼ûУ˹
ȻѾȫ˲ҩԣݿҲӦ֧֣ɱϾƷֻһݣȳɹһƷﲻ̤ʵѽ
öʮ֮һĲƳʮ֮һĳƷҩа
ðɣĳֻ뷨ȴȫ˾жѾ̹ˣͬĹʽӳͬҲ̬仯ȼʲôģըʲôģϸСһ̶ȵʱ۳ܹը
߿˫ʮĵǰ˵Ѿ˼ޣѰʽҩʦ޷̶ֳȣ㹻ŵһȺ˵۾
֪ʶ˵ʽҩʦ٣˵ǾĸλǺˣĸ츳ĵʱҶģлУΪûҵԵʺʶƨˡ
ϲˣҲֻܾ
Щ̾ϢߺҹҲʼ׶εãֱӿʼĳƷһҩȡһöɫõħˡ
һͷùС
Ѳ֭ҺեȡOK
ش֭Һз룬OK
ƶϡͻأOK
ڻħˡ

һ֧ѾõϾɵιܣҹֲ׼һһǡôɫҺԹܺԭʺɫճ״ԹҺҲת
ҹĲ£ٵķֽ뵽ԹҺÿһγһ֧ɫڲΪ峺û˿Ĵҩ
ֱʱҹų˿˵ʲôϴҩʲôģ鱾ϵ峺û־̫²˵ɹϸ˺ϸͨҩķ롣
ƷƷǺõöģʵһҩΣնǰƷƷԼűȥһˡ
ְҵĽǱְͨҵҪҪ߲٣ԼһöǹĵĽʦҪԼǹڸԽԽҪϴҩҲԽԽˣһΣͲͨҩܹˡ
һе㻼ʧãֲ뵽Ǳҩƭߵҩҹһҧͷƿҩһȥ
ǰйһħ˵Ĳþ˵εĸоҪû˿ʹ˺ѸУȫǴһİС
ҩЧļº͵Ľܽеħƽڣѹ־ǽʧܵˣҲܹõϵǿ
׿ҹ㿪ʼоԼƽڸ֮ϡ
ƽڸνĿƽ⣬ƽɫӳɵڸƽڸ˵ģǾȫڸۺеʶһӳɣ˵ĻǾڸû˿ɫС
ƽڸڵһеģнʿɮְҵִȫְܵҵҲǰû˿سĽְҵ
ôƽڸڵһУǰڽ˵㣬רҵ׺ں󣬾̷Ϊְּȫְҵȿ
ƽڸڵڶкĵģҲ͵ȿٿƽ⽫ǿ£һ·ڵ׵ʿ
ʿ֮⣬ĽƽڵڶеľͱȽټˣϾӳɲǷڵһ˳ô󣬳ܹٴǿһеϵ⣬Լ۱Ȳûпڸߡ
оرҪ˵һΪ֪սˣڶͨѡݣΪǿκͷŷݵΣ֮лֵܻڶΪսҪ󼫸Ҫһıڻһѡ֪ڶѡѪ
Ψƽڸȫǰ֮ϣԭܹģ㲻ƽҲܿܿ˼ƽҲͨûʲôá
˵ڶΪͨѪƽʾǶ
ҹԣ˵ֵļְְҵվĻоķչȻʦĵڶڸҪһ·ߵڵĿƽ⣬ѡʱȴҲûйԥ
ȫҶǸ߹޵Ľʦ
ҲǴԹҹվǳɹƽڸ۳˵ڶöġ
֮ǹ۵öĲͬǣΪͬڸģڵڶöĳ֮ʱһö֪ҲԵĵõһεǿټƽڸҲʣڸжԸ֪ӳߵһˣ൱ֱӸ֪ٴεõ˫ǿ
ҹţ·ɫֻҪ˫۾һۣҾĲ׽ڿɫ
ǽʦ
ɣ


86 صϢ
򲻴ڳɹɶǽʦҹǻ˼ʱоϵȹ̣ûóóȻĳȴ
һĿ꣬Ȼתµǹˣǹҹڤʱעؿصµ·
ֻ˵֮ǹĺҲûãȶǹڼڵʱ仹ԵñȽϽϾȫȫĵڤ룬ȶˣԼöϵħ⣬ʽȴ١
ϾѾǸְҵĵڶǹöڸĵĸţʽķ̶ҪӸࡣ
ЩǸݿ֧ƵģѰʽְҵ·ûеԼֻȱٲϵѾˣ˲ô̰ġ
Ϊϰҩʱ伷˳ҹÿиʱ䣬ܹΪ͵βпƹһʼδ޹֡
ǰǸµȷҹҲԼȷ˾޹ص㡣
һȫʱŵĹƷܿһħƷοʱ򣬺ƺܳصϼûκһ㣬ӳû˿
Ǿ޹ֱǿڿΪ֤һ㣬ҹصðս벼˼ר͵õķʦۣ֮۲˾޹żݣרſƷ֤֮ͫӶ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
ڱ˵ľ޹֣ȷ绢һļӳɣҪ棬õɷ棬ֲ˾޹ֵĶ̰塣
ڶ㣬ȴҲͬйأǾȷһֻδ޹֣鱾ϵ˵ͻ޹֣Ϊ廹δȫԵʣ̶Ҫȳ޹ֿࡣ
ٶϵĲ㹻Ӱ쵽Ƿ׷ѰְҵǿߵĽŲ
ԭ޹ֻ֣ܺδڸְҵһٶȻӳɺȴֱǳְҵߵڶڸΪݵսʿ⣬׷ְҵ
սʿܹ֮˦һξ룬ɱ;ǿڸʿҲ޷ͬθߴȣ
ڱȳ޹ȱٵֳԽְҵ׷˾ˣְҵ˵ȻҲ֮
ϣֵص㣬ȴҲ㹻һλʿΪˣٷһص㶼ֱӰ
ʿĹ۲ҲܱԼǿ
Ϊˡȣpaףsiҹȴ׼ѡֱӽȫɱãҪ̽Ƿеơ
ĿǰҹΪոսٴζĿ֮ȴҲѾͬһص㲼۵أγɸϽ硣
µİСΡͽӡڵרΪʦ׼żɣߵǻҪһЩĲϽǰȴҲѾҹһݿ
Ķ࣬һЩΪʵõĻ粼ãֻԸԼƿػγɸָ׽硣
Ѱǽʦǰһ׽õĽսѾҪݷ£ҹʮǿУԼݿ֧ƿȴҲϹˣĽȴȻԵЩ⡣
ĿǲˣΪСǵ̽ѡһһɱһӰɣȷ˶Էȷûصĵƺ󣬻ͷٲԵɱһƵУԾ޹ֵ̣ǲõʥʿٴϵβһ㡣
̽õǷʹħЧʻǵԪأҹҲһԼʣĲѾˡ
տǵǰȫ⣬ҹϵĻˣðɣ㹻ٲɱһľǡ
˾޹ֵĻɣܹǰزã𵱳սвûҪ̫ˣȫûһ˿Ѷ
ս֮ʲô仯ضҪȥԤҲҪ׼ȷҪݿ֧֣ǰĲأǵֻҪ޹ֵĸֲϰԿǽȥԵġաͺá
ԼյأټϾ޹ֱȥĻȴҲ϶٣ؼطһԪصתЧʾС
ҪõĽڵ㶼̻ɺҹͳ׼õ¹ʬ룬Լ˱صĺĴʱ׼ٿתһ
ˡ
ˡ
ƵĽŲ𽥳ֿԶľŲĲ֣Ȼھ޹˵ϲ¹Ѫǲ׽൱׼ȷġ
ſľ޹ӰĳֺͿȫغıϢҹҲеЩð
ȻԼ˶ز֣˵Ҫɾ޹վһвԼĹȻҲš
ž޹¹ʬǰȫͣɱĺҹҲѾȫƽȻһˣȻǸɣ
зķǹеǺͶӰҹͷǰٵջһģֲͣ໥֮Ǿ޹ָĳȻһ䣡
䡫
䡫
䡫
ʯΧž޹ͻȻӴðȫУԾ޹ֵĳٶ۷ӳȻһ¶ûعȻãȻ¹ʬһ֪ӡ
ȵոշӦԼסˣȻŭ֮ҪҶʯʱʯѾ˸ȵĺâ
ۣ
һ߶۵ͨ𣡽ֻ޹ֶ˽ȥ
𣡡
ֻҹǽָҪԵֵҺ̬޹ָոɺ󣬾Ƿŭ˵ŭ
ȼܻľ޹֣ǷĻе
ܹסػʯǿԼʹ֮鱻
󷨵ʱҹѾǶԷӳɵĹƵʣͬģιʱӣչڿħһ㣬رǻԪؿľ޹˵ӦѾģƫƫǴӻгˣ
ҹصýʦԣԪص˴ϵԪزϣǿתɵԻԹ
ƵʺϿȻûܵ˺
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ħƤѪѹĪֵͷϣȥ˸ǿζжذ쵰
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Ϊܹץľ޹֣ʱҲȫԼأڴмŵɱƵ
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ʱҹ󣬵൱⣬ͷɢһζҶԼЩ·ոճûٵͷͷϵҶ١
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ĪоѪľ޹²£ǰļλĲԩȣ
ԼǰԹϢȫĿѡСĽһ£ҪҪʡʡصĲãǾҪˡ
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أȻ˵㣬ȷһ˵ֽԼЩҩ满С㡢ڶʲôԸϺó̫ˣΪɶֻǸռġNPC
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ĻҪȥ־޹ְ쵰ҲֻʲôһٵȣʼɱؾҲһٰ


87 
ѹܹû߶ӵоѪһ̶϶Ҳŵֿˡ
ڵõҹѺάŮƺҲʲô⣬ЩȻ˵
ǺƳƳҹ
ôӳġ
˵ȻǶԷЩ£ֻΪһºģ֡ġͺһҹѡ
ιιʲô˼ǲƨ˲İ
ʦʦҵĵ˵¶׼ұְҵ߶ˡ
ҹûķŰۣʱͽжԶԷֽ۴ۿۣȻƯŮ˶ҪСĵġ
ðɣΪıʣίԭΪͻ֪ǷԸɡ
ҹеЩˣͬʱͷӦôԸǾ޹֮ʱάŮȴ¶һһı顣
ȵ˵ʲô󣬶ʱҹһַ·תĸоĹؼ㰡
Ҿ˵˱ϾʹߣôܸһЩĳ˴Ƿ޹ǿֻҪܹ־޹ֵݲһѰİĻȴܹõˡ
ͬһöӻ⻹һöڻ
ڻĹЧƾ޹ֵƶʮӣ
˲ϢͿܸıսֵ£鼶ĿƼܣ
ҹƷ֮ͫӵ궳ᣬ˲ɱϮֱʮĴصȻ㹻
ְҵ׻Ҫʮ빻ԼƷҹȴûѶȡ
ʲôħƤ̫˺
ôҲǿħƤħƤ
ңʹõʵ廯ǿϵأħƤĵֿҲޣ¾޹ֱƤΪܹʮ룬ڳֻҪضǿɱԵģȻܳɹ
ͻȻõؼߣҹҲǽǽ״̬þٴǱɭ֡
޹ֵҲǼǳԲǴĴԸϢɼûиı䣬ʣµĲϲԵɱ󣬻Ϲص¹ʬϴαõġ
еСĵģǿľ޹־ƨƨߵٴ˹㵣ľͶצ۹ȥˣѹصص̵£ǸǿΪǻڣҲӦó˼ɡ
ֱһ˿ԥûС
ȻѾˣʣµľͺðˣڻ
ľ޹֣ªϾȻ¶һϴĻںޱ˵һҹԵĵɱ¾أֱգSṂؿʯֶ
޹ֵҲȷǸǵģֵ˵붼ڶ˵˵ϣɱʮ󶼻ȴҲı䲻˽ˡ
һľ޹֣ҹĵĸоҲеֵֹģһִֹŰɱδ˵ĸоı죬Լϣ³Ժòȥ֮ɣ
Ʒմɣ
ǵʱԼԵĴһʱ䣬ҹûѡ̽ƷǳֵĽʣµʱ䶼
һȶ磬һȶŹǹŹڽʦר鼮
һΡ˵Ȼݷӣȫݿ⣬ʵ֮ǰѾһ߰˰ˣھȫ͸ȥԼԶƴռֹܽ硣
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ͽӡڵ㣬ɽڵڽʦǵоеˣøʩϣɿظõİȶڵ㡣
Կǽʦרõܡ̬Զ壬ô÷ôҪãսʱƴճɽأڱǷʲôܵͶǴҪˣͲ
мֻĹܣǿͷã濴ҹۺ졣
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ܶĿǰħ֪ʶ˵ȻûȴҲΪԼԤһĿꡣ
ʱţһµʱҴҶÿ쾫֮ʱͿһЩı߽ϣȶĿǰӵҩ֪ʶŲõɽڵϡ
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ǹɹ˺ĺҹҲʹõ϶һƪڤ뷽ˣһֽͶӰڤ뷽רְҵ׿µǹ
ٶȲûбȻڤȶ٣ǹٶȵȷصص㣬Чࡣ
ͿַĶҹҲƣֻҪϹĻ׼µĽʽˣϧöħ⣬Ѿȱʧ̫ࡣ
϶ĿҲΪʱ˸߰˰ˡ
ʹ˼ҹҲħ˽ãʵƷҪмֵˣϧʧܵĴԼֻܲķŻ֮ϡ
лл㣬ߡ
ʧԵĹƷȡάŮҲ¶˲õЦݺǳϿҵĶҹл
˵˵Ҳܵίеġ
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һǸ֮أԻܴȥ£ʵҲҪǣܰСŮҪ
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ص֮ϣŮ˸лĻƲ˲ɢһҹ˽ȥܵҪնҹתͷЩȤζĶСŮ˵
֮ǰ㽨飬·̫Сϴʱȫ߹ˣûġ
˵ŮȻı飬ҹҲеһ㣬һתʧԭأȵع֮ʱֳ׿ռġǰ
ǰԹߵĽǶȱǳһٲŵĻ棬Լʱһһ󶨶ڽǰߵľͷϡ
ʱҹź֪ЩȻòǸռ仹治һ󣬵ƶʱû˿߼ʵԤס
ڶЩףһʲôԽʽʹڷʽ֮ǰԼ괩ԽľǿţҲͲپˣ漰ܣһ֪̫౻гô졣
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֧񡰾޹ֵѪȽʮ
һ١
ܼƶʮȡ
˽ҹ˶оˣΪɶǶ壬һĵҪԼۻ㶨Ҳô㽱ռʱĻ㡣
ҿԻʲôʹȨýһ˵ҪһǧҲܶһһôôҲӦеֵɡ
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ȻҪϽһǧҲܻһ㣬ɵƲŻأҹȴЩŹֵķ֣òƻ治ļ㡣
ƺνȶһƷֻǰչЧ˵ģôںϡжȣҹ޵ʶ棬Щ鼮ϺųѾĶȻܻҲû١
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˵Աһǧһ˵̫󣬿ʹȨǸԼʱ̿ǮԼҪƷȨԺϡвԽԽѻãмУ¹˵㣬Ҳȷһ;ðɣɵƵԼ
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ţǰԤٰһڸҩϣڰǹʽҲ׼á
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ԥúҹַԭϱȳƷļ۸Żʵ̫࣡
ԼڽʦרɽڵҲȷҪ̣˵ɽڵҪȹͽöࡣ
ңɽڵʹڵЭҪ󼫸ߣҪԼĽڵ֡
鼮ϵ˵˵ĵļöɽڵ㣬ͨҪһģӸոճΪʦʼϵȼ޷ӦԺҲûϵֻҪԵˣҲҪĻʱ䣬粻Ķ
ѡѣħ涼ܸõɽڵǼû˵Ĳϣ¾ͲһʱŪˡ
˾ҹҲûгɣѡԼĵһײϡ
˵Ч棬ЩҲְҵ׵ģΪ֮ܶĹϵһĻѵ˵ˣһٶʮȻȥҲǿһ׶ѣǸǮְҵ
һһٽ㣬Ҳ𰡣
ͨͨͭҵ£Ĺʵ൱ˣ˹̹ȫ˰տ۵άת֧⣬ܹʣ½ҲңҲĽңҹѵĲϼֵˡ
֮ҹʱ͸еһѹĶһЩʾҲ֪˿ռƵһһΰÿˢ¿ʱȡɴ꣬żӲͳʱ񡢸֮ҲȫÅȡ
һٵǶǸ水ʵĻȡȻӼѣÿζܶܶһ
ңôɶȶȹǰĹͷ˵ɣڶûеĻ̸ʲôԺ󡣡
˦ҹҲЩһ·ŬڣȻܾʹ˵£
۷ôҪԸԼҪñ׼
ڿռͣĵʱ˺׵ĿռҲٴγ߼·ͼһĹٵջػ⣬ٴγͣܵɫ˲ָ
ȻȻԭļˣԼȴѾǰԼˣ


88 
ǰɣոշʲô
ɭһӳػߵʱϵ۾֪νǰı仯
ǿǸ˵̣ͻȻһ쿺ܹܵ˶С⣬ǰ߶߶һԭһӵḶ̌̾ݹ
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˵̣һ·Լ˲սʵԼصС⣬ȴҲͻȻһ䣬һŵϢУͻȻе˶ǵĸо
Ȼ˽ȥΪԼʼĸܲǻǡ
Ϊʲôҵͷûˡ
ոջعҹԼװͽȥռǰû˿ıҲʶѾͷȻ˳ԹĶ̴̸С
ֵһڵƷ⵽𻵻عҲȫԭģħƷҲָ󡣡
ڳǸ飬Ȱ;һĿ˵˵ľָҲȫָ˴ͳֻ̬ؿڵǱذȻЩǡ
ðɣеǰҹȻЩСᣬȴҲûа취ˣû滹һڶ׵Ĵ鷳
漴һصĶԽѯʵ
ʵָ˶٣ıӻάֶá
ݲҹأʱȻһƷֻҪ˼ʱ䣬ʵֻһԾǰĻȴȻûֻк۳ʵΪơ
˵ѾˣѾɱ˴濰רҵ׵ľ޹֣ɾѰǿ˵ûо޹ôȣܹʩչҹǰҲаնԸǿߣͨǿһҲаգҪԸ϶Լ֣۷廹ӵѪ֮ɳ³ϵ˵ûܿٽ㡣
ֻ֮ǰʮȴʣ
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ܳýʦԣԡսĻֻǸߣǿ¶÷һֽţ⻹ԼѾ˵ڶڸģʴĸ
ԴʱܹжӦԵȡ൱ҪӰˡ
һǾѡΪĲǼôΪȫǵڶǿͬǿߣ
Ȼֻʣһ˾ˣָܹĺõĻԸɳ³ԼԳһ£ȻвȫҲȫûģǿѹɳ³Ҳұ̫
ʱ˵ʦȫǵһǿƵǿɽˡ
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һ̵Ӽ˵óĽ۵ȻҹһϲǺϢ
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Ϊ֮ĹδָʵķȴǺܴ⣬ʥְߣԴ඼ͣǹ޷ʹұڸҲˣҲûʲôս顣
ҹϵıʱúƱһ㣬˵ܲܲİҸ˰죡
˿ܻ᲻̫˵ʲô˼ΪʦҹȴǴˣ˵ˣڽʦȻΪ˳ڸȫҪǿǵһĹǹ
ֻǶԱȽʦ֮ǹԼ⣬ĹǹǿͶģһ¶ϵˣͺʦ뿪˽翿ⲫսһ㣬ҹĴν쳣ơ
ΪʦְҹôսҲḻģѪ֮ãСͷȻֻܿˡ
ҹûǣԼ̴ӵʱ̴ӵľŹ˵ϻҲòȥ
õڶ֧СʱǸϢȻǲˣ鷳׼ķ䡣
ߣӵҹҲǿٵ˵󣬽ûѯԭ򵱼ʹӦˡ
ҹʱѡȻǲϣó̾õħװҪһԭǸǸ²ϵϰҲѾ֪ˣֻҪõϵλɽڵٶ൱ģ
ɽڵҪĻǿ߲ٿԣںϳɵ壬ֻΪ˽ӦĲٿħȥˡ
ԼʱĻٿ˵жãԼĿҲǿܹڸʵսˣ
Դսʤɳ³Ͻһ·ȴҲѾû˲ǣˣҪԼ
ڵСݵУһſ˽ıͦëҹҲʼƴơ
ɽڵμܵ趨ǰԸ趨ģҹѡıë
ܶһĲĲϾ⣬ҹҲԺʵɽڵΪĿƴһװ
˵ڻֻëôиͷǡ
Ρ
ҽһĺɫҺ壬ҹٿͬʱϣƺǽëͬʱȼһ㣡
Ҹʱ䰡һɣ
Ϊ֪©Ŀžٶʦ˳ɶԼһڵ㶼Сˣ߾Ȼͬʱǵһ˹


89 
ȡ
һյһֻײĻϵĸεߣ̼㱻ճ˻ҽԭֻӵз֮ӻ˵ȴӵױȵĿɱˡ
ԭĻʮ׷Χ֮ڣѾûεߵӰֻεߣȴǱӲץס˦ȥģ
ɳ³һĮĿǰĹĻǹĻֱǾ翴һ㣬ܿĸѪζҲû˿벨
Ƹոսֻŧε߶ȥ˲һŮһ޳˫֮ϣŲ౻ȫȾףֻطܿԭİɫ
Ĵӻӵž޽⣬ɵ﹥Ŀ·ɾ͵ĵһϲ֮ǰûκιܹԷ
ɳ³ֻȫƾ㹻޷ƫƫȴǼΪѡץȡֱӶϱӻ磬ԭֻǵĵģ˾ĸġ
ѾƵʵһСʱ£иСʱܽʣĴΪµǣɳ³һֱǱһԼָƽƵʲϲ׽ܵε߶ȥһֱȷԼȫʢ״̬
ߣȻ֪СӦ׷ɱģȻ˵Լδ֪ĵƣС޴
ٴץһֻϱ¶ɭɭ׹ǵεߣŹĻ˦ȥɳ³ҲͻȻһתͷԭյš
ʱŻ򿪣ڽĴ¼ΨûǸСֵӰ
ֻǿŽϵɫɳ³۾¶ɫ
ôǵĽ̳Ҫ;𡣡
һ߲ɫĿڣɳ³һ߲עܵĶƺԼעһȴԼĿûߣıӻΧҲֻôҪط뿪ܹԼĸ֪
ɳ³ѾԼ϶ѾˡĿģ
һֱǱһ̬ƴüĿүүĽ𣬿ǰɳ³ɫҲԵüΪӡ
ڿϵ¼ɭУһΥԭվ˿ϵ¼һߣɳ³Ҳǽųģ˫˽ʵģǽ𣬾Ѿڿϵ¼Ŀ¡ɭԭǵĹϵҲ
ݸвŻ⿡ʳ裬˵ɳ³ϵ˹̹ǵ˽˹ϵԶԶɭκһˡ
ƫƫԭãſԱɭòܹ˹̹ǷչĸõǸˣʱȴǱ˹̹ǵˣвӡ
ӦҲˣѵҪԳеƽ񶼸Ͼɱ𣿾ӮɭΣȡ֮Σܵõʲô
һ챯˵˵ƺܹ֮顣
Ͼɱȡ֮Ϊµҿϵ¼һ˹̹ȥ𡣡
Խɳ³ϵ˿Ϊץһֻε˦˹Ļ֮ϡ
֪˹֮ӰĺУ϶ҲһѣȻ㲻ѡʱȥɭլȻˣҰΣҲˣҲǻָ˴롣
ǲĹĻĿ˵γҲѾд֮Ѿ;ƿˣoĹȴٳûΪ֮ǰϱ˵취ҵʹҲûг
òԼԳЩʱ䣬һĻѣѰӻǣ඼֮֡
ָ룿ȫָΣoȡùʹһɵֶ֣ж˹ѵ뿿űҶŶ˵ҲǣҲְҵˮ׼ء
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ϰķ㣬һ뿪󣬽Լ죡
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ʵȻҲ˹֮Ӱˣȫİǣ֮ȫǿԺͽġ
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ٴץһֻε˦Ļɳ³еƵû˿ļƺȷҲֱƶԷ˵˼˵
СӱͲ£ԼӹȥģӶҲҼҼͶѣҼҴҲϴҩˣȫСԼϲ̨棬ǻȮӣΪʲô˲
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ҲΪԼһĸϾɱҲֻΪ˼ѣСԭû㹻ʵػԼĶǾӦԹԽʶʱԼʲô
ڴλɳ³ҲûҪȥ˵ĸܣҲȥѰԼĵط˿ȥ뵱׷ɱĺֻ뵽ΪԼ˲ϽãԹ־ܵҷķŭ
ԭСͻȻΪְҵ׵ⶼһȥˣڸôβ
ҾǰԵˣʵǿԴľˣ
Ϊ£Ӱ쵽ҼѡʱҲôվڷ˹֮Ӱһߣ˹̹ǣǻиġ
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Ǽ˹̹ǻһƬ粨ģȻҲ
ΪʲôӰ쵽˿ϵ¼ҵļ󣿻ǿӿļҴ̫ѿˣⱾԼȵ¾Ȼߵڰ׵˵ÿϵ¼վ˹̹Ϊеһ棬ȫǱҹӵĴһ㣬Ǻ޳ܡ
ҲòϣΨɳ³˲ŸӦܹĸΪ
û̸ˡ
ЩҲЩ̾Ϣ
û̸ԼҪ£
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δ֮ʱԭڹĻ֮ڵĽȴͻȻһ˵ٶȣһֻɵԳһ㣬˲Ϣ˹Ļ̳۶ĵ÷һȭɳ³
ȻȫûȶԷƹĻͷ˹
ȻԼĶ̰岻սɣѡ˼ֱ׵ֱӹ
˵𲢲սɣҲսʽϾǵĵӾͰһٶҲȫﵽǵˮ׼

ǿһȭͳյܵĿһ𵴵ĲƣǸݵȫɱ˿̺ǿ
һɳ³˿Ϊ۵һ˿м֮ɫ̧׼ͷ˶ԷĹһһһȭ㱻ж˸߰˰ˡ
ͬʱһֻֻ׵ķ˷ƹ˽ķһָϣѪ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
һ׹ͽͬǿ߻õɶȥ׼ʱ򶼻ͬʱ˵
һΪжľȼպĵû鷳ʸ񶼲ܣû㣬ǵְҵ׶ܽŪʲôҶ
ɳ³ǰ׼ڶԷ˻رӻ˽ְһȭ֮ʱȴ˲֮ǰһɫιĤ
Ȼһɢ飬ľ֮󣬱ǻΪ罫Ľɷɻ˹Ļ֮ڡ
ͬʱһӰ
µطνһţҲֻ۸۸аˡ
ɫףѪģĽºҹҲ׵ľ˶Էһ㣬Ķ˵ϼ̤
ɢӫ⣬ҲڿлƯĹ켣ɻҹߣγС޹ɵΧҹ
Ľ𣬿ߺ󣬲԰׵Ҳ¶һ˿Ц
ΪӻĿƣһ˿һģȴû뵽ܵôɾ䡣
ȻͻȻҲй˼ǵģƾԱӻӰٿأԼʱܹ˻ط֮ڣӦܹԿһӶԷʱ䣬õһ֮²գԷֻһ¾³
ͻľԮԼͻزˡ
ҹҲǷ˷ۡ
Ҳɵ˰ɣ֪Զ̹ṭʯͷҲ㹻˰ӲҪɳ
һʧ֣䳰ȷɳ³ƽ۾ҹߵҲɭȻ˵
ħƷĵƣ
ΪɶҪ㣿˻ǮĶȣ١
ɳ³˸׳յҹҲǶԷʲôר˵ʲô˵ҪǮܹƻԷľ׬ˣûƻҲ
ͺNBAһսУҲԼһ
ɳ³ʹҲгһ
ڱֻᱻЦɵƣΨ˶Էߣñţֱͺñȶլ˵ŮƯ𣿡˰ɡ𣿡ʲôУ
һߴƶԷĵΪĵطһƿԷոʵ˰̣Ƕ
ߣǱ߳ȥҿûе׷ɱ
бӵĺɳ³һۺҹȻûͳĹˣȳĺȥһҡھҪ뿪ӡ
ԼˮƽڱӻΧֻҲκβǼһҲʱ䣬ȴҲͲҪ˷ķˣû˼ĻЩͨȴҲܻȥģԼһֱҲǴĥʱǣǶѡ
׷ɱ
ҲͷԿ޷ǰЩѣ
ԼȷĶ֣¹˭ȴҲҪȹ֪С﷭ˣ


90 ˮ
ıӻΧĲҲǽǰ㳡˽ȥ
㷶ΧվҲǱ뿪һξ룬ҹֱӴͷӺ󷽳ɳ³Ҫֱ׷ȴҲһȦӣĸҹʱ䣬˳ֱײɳ³
ˣְҵ۷ɳ³ϵ£ȴҲ㹻˦
ҹǹʲƻɳ³ȴûܵ˿Ӱ죬һԥͳɶûУֱӼԾԼƺõ·ߣƹķΧ
ʵʵɱ֣øո̤ӻĻŵ˶ǱëһӲͷƤǰ汼ӵҹһҲ໥ЦĶһۡ
治֪Լ˷ʲôһˣԼȼպĶ޷ɳ³ʵΣյʵ˵ڱӻû˹ܼһС

ЦˣҲ󶼳һּ㣬ƺɱⶼȫһ㣡
ոռɭһ˶ðգΪɭҼ͵кβң
Ψѣ
ͬشȫʧȥܵĽ𣬴ʱҲ뼸һ·ǰУԵıȴҲƽĶࡣ
ıɭҵ͸͸ԣڵǼģԼ뿪ȻҲû˹ݵļֵеһܵӻͽƴȡһ껹ܻع
ĸ߼̴ӣȴΪٶȶϣɴҲûгˣڵҲֻϺȡ
ְҵ׵ıٶҲ൱˵ģǸƵǣƣܿ˽ǧ׵ľ룬ֻˣȴҲ˦ְҵ۷ɳ³׷Ҳֻʱ⣡
Ϊʵҹ޷ͶԸĿŹλǣӣʱһ߱һĻֻᷴԼٶȣ
ټϳڸ鲼լĸӵΣؽĲöụֻ̂ɼˣҹѡҲȻ˹ϣ޷ˣ
ƺɱͲһ㣡
·ͨ
Ȼ󷽲ԽԽ׷ɱҹǻδӾ֮ʱǰߵԺ֮УȴȺܳӰǰ
ְҵǿߣ
ֳֵʱʱ򻹲ȥִиҪѡȻ˵˵ݣ
ǿϵ¼ҽʣмְҵǿߣ
ʱΥ˹֮ӰİţͻȻȻɳ³Ѿȫȥˣ˹֮ӰսսΣԼĹϵĺôֲԼ
һǱвĶַߣԺԼĴ
һֱڵһ˶ţɳ³ȻûֳôԸ
ǵ͵սӶ֣սӶ֣ѾԼܹõһ
ʲôսɣְҵĳ忪ػпܡ
ɴʱһδٶȶֻǿϵӣȫ޷ӳơ
˵սͽֻǰˣԼ˿ȫܶ֡
Ȼǰ˽ֻΪǣƬ̰ˣǲӣԼҲᱻ׷ϣֻһرյ״Ρ
ʱǼ˸оԼ˾ǱȮϵ·һܹȮȴŸΪˣ
һʱ䣬ŵ˶ȼպĵĳ嶯һǵ硭
ɾҧҪ¶֮ʱ￴ûеطʩչʦֶΣֻܿʹСӣȴ̧һӣһֱƮߵţһ㳯صĵ˳ȥ
ħƷˣҲǽٶȥƺǵԼһ㣡
֪

ƴϵ¼ҵǿĻɵ֣ϾֻҪӦҪԷƴ
ȴʵǸһǡСԼεҪĿ꣡ҲǼĸ󻼣ȻҲѾͨ˽ˣ
ԷʱΧܵϸڶѾ֪̽ȷˢӣܹһְҵΧȫˣ
ɼˣҲְҵ׵Χ¶˶ǿǱϵȼŶߴ˵׷ɱ
Լ˺ϻȴҪԶԶְҵ
ȺӶǳԼΪ˼ȴǾͬ
ƴŸˣҲҪɵ㣡һᣡ
ߣħƷҲУ
ȶţ¶ĵͬʱҲû˿⣬ͬʱϴŵķᡣ
Ѿǹغż˵һսˣƽ᲻ôħƷʱҲȫϱţ
¿ϵ¼ҵĵ̱ȲɭңȴҲɢܹ⣡
ϰ˸ֵһһҲħƷĹԣһһɱ໥γһֹǣ
ȻҲʹùΣ
һ˵ѾԽмְҵķ룬ﵽ˸߼ְҵˮƽ
Ƚǣƺܹǰһж˺Ƭһ㣡



۵Ĺ㣬û˺ԵĹ֮Уײ죬û˿
ֽɸ˾϶¶һЦԭֻˮƽȻҲҡ
ɾ׼һֱһнǲ֪ѾǰСӣһ˺ɽȥ֮ʱԭȽȴͻȻͣͬʱһ١
ͻı仯ɫһʶĿѾҪ
ֻһۿȥȴֻ̺ż֮Цݺǿһİ޾Ѫͫ
ʩߣҲ˫۾ǰʩչħϻǲ֪
䣡
ԭѾͣ͵ıţ˲䱻һ̽ķ˾ұը
ⱬը⻪Ȼȫĵȥԭ뱬ըͬܽҹûܵ˿еĶ̽ǣħһ㣬Ǻϻְ֮ҵǿȫ˽ȥ
ǿѣ˵ǿ嶼ֱӻĩ
ٶȡɶѾõ˶ܹﵽļ£
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ǲóǿҪһֽţֻһżȻ
һżȻıȴűȻ䷢ӣ
˫Կһб仯Ʒ֮ͫǽЩȫᴩĺģ
ӳ̤һĿʼѾעǰĽ֡
һ˵ѾһҵĿϵ¼ǿߣҹĶѶһͷȻ
رŵˣ𵴣ǿһ·ҹһɱģǿŽأ֮ǰҰǻܹܣҲܹξȻǵԼ
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ǿͬʱɺ󣬿ϵ¼ҳ˽ʣһĳְҵ⣬ְҵѾֻʣɳ³һˣ
˲ϧҲҪɱɳ³ԶԶ˶мĩ׷嶼ɵĳһҡΡ
ӲְҵһһĴżߵ˽λãۿҪժȡʵ̥ǳΪҵʱȴĿűսδϣ
Լӷ˹֮ӰϵõԼҪĶϵ¼ҲѾ֧ˣԼһһ߹ɳ³֪һ岢ǵһ˾
ԼרҵĽȣѴʱˮƽ˼ְҵף
ڣȴȫûˣ
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οʱҹûǰ׼ӦأҲûǰֵȫ͸Ҳû֮ĸ
ˣҹȴȻû¶˿ǷϾµȻŷʦԭڵķǰȥ
һ̤ԭʦ֮صĲƺǵȷѾտҲƽҹֹͣ˱ܺͻأͣ
Ѿ׷˰֮ڵɳ³ȴҲûмеķͣһոմöֽص΢֮ϡ
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Էͣһ£ҹҲɢһֱûŵĽλϵħ̡֮εĵ˵ȷǸӽƻԼᡣ
ħȷҲͬ˵һ㣬Ѿ뿪ˡ
ԼһĿģȴҲѾɣ
տĲƺԼǰܹӵս
ֻԼһˣᱻ㿿ɨϧǧ򲻸ã㲻ø֡



91 Ϊ
Ȼ׼ħƷħߵĿԼظʹõרħƷ㻹ӵŻԾ츳СطˣСӵ㹻Դ֧ĳɾҲֹڴˡ
ҹɢȥӫ⣬ɳ³̾ı˵˿ĵĵʲô
ողһֱ׷ôôôµͷǲˣ
ԭԷûֱϣǸԼõʱӦֵһϵģɲ֪ΪΣҹȴĪһͻеһֲΣС
ԭĽڵ㲼Ҳ΢һ޸ģƫ
ˣôᣬۻ˰ɡ
ɳ³ŪЦЦĿҹҲù
ҹǹΣбǼٷŴ󣬽ͬʱԼѪֻ֮ԭɳ³λõӰƷ֮ͫӳ֮£ȫ黯͸һɳ³ӰȴһİѾ˵ǰ
Сģ
ҹѵͬʱתһķرǱǰһ治ľұںȻǰƺ
ұںͬʱǱһɱŰ֮Դݿ֮˲ƿըɳʯɽ
ͽȡ΢һ٣ҹҲٵľָѸٵ³ֽڷġ
զئӦ?Ӧ?֦?
ѾɹǹۺģħƷٶȴֿ˼ָ֣ϵĽָͬʱҫ۵ĺâʯδȫɿűһȻǽ
ԭұ֮ȫ˽ȥ
ȻħҲ˵ĻǽҲڽڸոճ˲䣬һǿѹƿһڡ
ҹķӳν죬Ҳһһȫ·ȻˣھԵѹǰ
ڱʹְҵ۷壬Ѫ֮ӳְҵսɳ³ǰȴȻûӱ㱻һһ֮
ɳ³ǼŰԵɱӻǽѹµİȻֱȡҹû˿ͣ
վǱҹǰˣεҲ˵ǣƣҹԼĿǰĶʣû취ץǣƵļ϶
Ա߻һλʵ㹻Ĵڣ
һֱ۽ȫ޷ãȴȻǻʵǲ
ץס̴ٵҲȫع˷ʲôֱӲ泯ɳ³һȭȥͼŹɳ³ط
ֻǺȻսһĽ𹥻ɳ³˿ûиıԼԵ˼
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Ȼɳ³׼һĸ󻼣ٻͷˮ̵Ĺ֮ʱԭϣܲвһȭȴͻȻ;һЩϸ΢ı䡣
ıȺСɾϸ΢һģȴͻȻɳ³еͷΣ
ܵĻԼԼ֮ǰ
ǹԼһȭ΢ıȻȫԼ
ôܣһֱȱɱ̣뿪ôӵʱôܻô׼Ĵ;ĸı䣡
ȻͷҲ޷룬ֻܱʱУԭ鵶նɱһϵıͶɿͲȥһս˳ת˫ֺӦ˽
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ӡ˫ֹƽ棬ʵҲɱ⡣
ȻнĿ꣬Ȱϼһƽǣ
˫֮ʱ׻㣬ֻһ۷ǶȻӼ򵥣ԼҲֲҲ飡
ɾɳ³׼һΨһвԼĶ֮ʱȭȴٴη˸ı䡣
ıĹȫûɳ³ôȻԵúӲܿ⣬ˣһȭתֵָǰһкɳ³ǻȻɵķȴ̼
ȻһƵĲò˶ܿâԵЩǱ̸ˣ
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Լе£ʱѽߣȻûʲô̫õֶӦһͱ
βò׼طʱǶػ룬ȴҲǳûǰñ۶ܷĵ·
ʱɳ³ѡײⲻ֪ػߣһ֮¶ԷҲˣɸĴۿ϶űͱȫ޷ܵġ
ȻֻӲԼ󱳱Ǳ۶ܺУ˳ƽǱˣͬʱܿͱŵһ
½̤غ󣬶òٴŤԹĲʮжȥԼ˾ײ
ÿһڵ̤Ľӡ
ʱٻͷȥǿԼȹСӣͷϵ亹еĶϽԼͶ˦һɱȻʧˣڵնһںû˴ء
ǵڣɳ³ȫԼôʧܵģ
ȿע⣬ŰķͰӰɱѾռȻ
ԷǿԼǰҲһɲ֪ΪΣĪľͱԷһнһеϱƵ˲ĵزѾ˼źò˳
һ¶ɵӰԶԶơ
Ī
˵ɳ³ˣϵĽ롢ŵˣʱҲе㷢㶵ӣƺŸղɳ³˾Լһ㡣
ֻ֪ղžﱻݽһôĲ裬֪ͨҪġ
ֵȴȻ⵽㱻һϵҹܻеǡ
ԷȻԼ⵽ʱ򣬻ָֿԼ˵Ĺ
гֵӳټʱʽ
öϿգϿɢֲϲĹԷ۳γɽڵɵĸ֮һɢ
ⴿֻһּսʱĸ磬ġӡԪʱҲһͨѶá
ȻڸոգȴȻȡ޷ͨã
ǿָ֪ͨ˼άٶȿپźתΪܹѶϢգǻһ̵ġ
ƽʱӳ㲻ʲôһͷսȴЧʱҹͨ󣬼֮ǰй˽µкҹһӽǵġٿءλС飡
ˣͬӵƷ֮ͫ˶޷һ㣬ӵݿֵ֧ҹԣȴǺ൱Լ
ԼֱûЩ࣬ȴҲ㹻õǰսˣ
Сһϻ齻Լɳ³ϵʧͰܱʣ
׽õ󻯣ĻΪ棡


92 ·
ػߵĶܻɳ³˵㲻˺ĵһĿҲѪ
ȻһȴǽΪְҵ۷ǿߵĽֱӴɢˣ
ֶξȻȫ޷κζԷǵôͻȻһ±ôѲˣ
һʲôֶΣŻǵĹȫ˶Էoϵ𣿣
ô˵ʱɳ³ҲֻܳĴǣڳԹһο׼ҲֲǾ޽⡣
վԷУΨһԼһֻнһԼһĿ겻͵ϮЩ⣬Ƚϳ˲ʽĬҲ壡
뵽ҲΪԼ֮ǰϵ˽һֱ۶еҡ
ɳ³ʱҹҲڡͨ㲥淭ŰۣǽͷԼȥһ˰ܹɹȫִƬԼʮɰȫˣɰ¶Էġ
ºɰȫˣû취ոһǴˬվҲռ˳䲻ıˣԷۺʵڼ֮ܺϵġ
Ҫˮǵʵˮʵ̫ˣ뿪һ硰١
һҪԽôҵĵƿɲǵĺϻţʱվһߡ
ܶƺ¶ĵĶϾҹҲٵת
䣡
û˿ϻͳɣ֪ϵ鹥ѾЧɳ³˲䱬ܹṩѪѪһֲֿٶڵһֱȥ
ƺƴ˼УҲҪٽһ㣡
൱ϵľ񣬲Լʧȥĵ£˵ĹԼˣֻҪܹһжǻģ
һʼȼպĹңѾˣΣҲٸĻᣡܼٸ߳ʱٺãֻһֵֻ㣬޷
ɳ³ֹעһĲϢδִýеһѹ֣Ҳÿȥռһεʹ뿪ĽսʽǲУôʻ
ԶҹҲһ˿죬ûһֻ֣ȴǿ԰ϵڶֱۣ

۳ɳ³ȥǰĽҲٴΰҹָ˹
ͬʱŵҲϣҹԼԶͳ˹
۾˶࣡ʱƣԼҲԽԽƣ
䣡
飡

ĺضһĿӶսۣΧмɳ³ҲԽԽľԽԽ
ûһԼһ֮УһȺ߹ȻҲԼƵǱĵز
δеͼְҵȻҲܶĵֵز
ÿһι׵·⣬ͻᷢԼƽһ·һһ޾һ㣡
ʱƣ治ϳֵĸħҲԽԽǿԽԽƵǶԷĹСӻǸʩ⣬ҲͰ׻ˣ
ɳ³ıȴǸе쳣ɣʼĻЩֹԽԽЧǲǷԼֻҪɵƾͺãſ˼Խ׳ЧԽǿþԴʲôûУȫ
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ȥˣԼҪȫ˶һ
ǰĹƵ˵ƺԼл֣ɳ³ȴҲףԷһֱڻԼȴľһκݵıɱһ
򲻻ÿ¶ᣬԼ˿ֲã˶޷ԷʲôСϷԼѾˣ
ȷɳ³˹ϵ˳ȥѾ׼Դ͵ҹҲɸеЩʧȵԼɺ󣬽һֱزĵڶͬʱкܴ¶ֵġ
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ҿԸ൱ֻۣҪǩһݼ򵥵ħԼԼϸڹ淶취ӡ
ɳ³̸˵ϵ¼һ۵ʱȴҲŲƸ٣˵еջѾ㹻ˡ
൱ۣʵֻҪǣЩҲҵӴϾǼҲֻʣһӵˣǸƺҲֻǸǡ
ʱҹҲòԷ죬ϾʵԷʱǳԽԼ࣬뿪˽·ÿϵ¼Ұ˸ְҵԼϣҲ˵ͽͺͽ⡣
ȥˣ֮ǰһже̸ģԼͲúͽ⣬
ѪծȻֻѪ
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ҹٴηʣֻĵ׾Ҳߵ˼ޣԷȼպĵĻǻ漬֣Լ׼ãסСӦÿԣǾ͵ñˡ
ԼҲͨˡ㲥Խѡ
վȼպֶּΣѹ̫ˣ˵ɳ³ȼպǱȼδϢһȶվĿҹһȻת뿪
ҹЩϧ֮࣬Ҳ˿ì
ô˵ǰвʱǻˣڣҪ˹֮ӰɭǱߵսˣԷ˹֮Ӱֱʺ׼
ȻҪ·ļʵֻ˵


93 ̼
̶̰ҹԭ˹̹ǣѾڶദص㶼ܹ
һսѪȵζѾгķ֮ľߣʮˣʣµҴҲ֪ܷ̫
ܽΣ˹̹ǶѾˣ
ʱȫǵ飬ȴһεɲٿ£Էĳļһâģ
˹̹ǵˣƿسĹϼɭҵլ
յӽȥԿԿ޾εϸĽǺɫΧҲѪ֮ײǳаħ
ǱӲ꣬һаѪϢħȴɭҵħ
һһð˺ɫĻ棬ħɳ˽ڵľ̿ǰ棬˳ɶѵʬ顣
Ѿħķܵļģֱӽ黯ǽɱʬ壬ȫʮĴҲֻʱˣ
ڵħڲɭʣµˣԼĹĴǣҲڳһԴı顣
ֱʱҲкܶ˲ţ龹ȻͻȻ񻯵ǰֵز
֪ϵ¼кԮҲֿ֪ܻгǿ󣬵ʼգ¹ϵĳܥҲû뵽ԷȻ뷨ȻȫоΪɥĲ£
·˹֮ӰǳڸӪйģ֮ҲȻ⵽ϵĴҹˡʥʿſ¶ʦǿɨԤ֮У
ǷУ
˴ĴۣȻΪ˶ԸɭңΪĵʲô
ʲôѵ̸ֱֵ
˵ⲿ˵Լ屾Ҳǿױµģܥ֮ûгķ濼ǹҪԭɭǾʱĿ飡
ѾﵽһӦƽ⣡
û䣬ԱѹܱǨƳ˹̹Ψܱǣ
ұߣħ󣬸ּưûֵõô
˶˵Լɭ˰ݣǺѾɵ彻òû˿ӣʵϴʼնɭԼʵĵλǰɵ»嶼Լ壡
ǰܥҲòϣɭѾֵĹؼʱ̣㵱֣Լȫ֮ʱԼ嶼ûԵǰգ
̧ͷǰһֱƮڴϿգöȫӰɢϢӰܥȭͷҲ
ǵһΪ֮ǹʦҪﵽרҵײܲԪųԼרҵ׵ʦ
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òϣȫ߱רҵ׵ʦɵвԳʮǰǿնشʦǿߣ
ɶ񣬾Ȼ˺׵ıߣõ˴صϢȻϿȥûʲôɭ˽ﻹ⽫ȫǳһ飬һֱ˷;裬ģ
۹һһϤӰͨݶ˴֮ǰܥɭҲ˷ŭ
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ͬǳͬɳңôó
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ܥɭɳ³ֻתͷľȻĿһۣǵص飬ɳ³Ƕ˶ƺ˵ʲôû쿪
ܿܣһսĽɭҳϵ¼ҽ̤ǵʬ͹ˣ
˹̹ҲˣһսջԶ磬վСպɳҲ޷
ܥӮˣ
˵ȥ˽ˣǳɹ˰
Ӱöñ͵˫ͫɳ³һۣƽ˵
ýҿɳ³е˰̣䶯һº󣬲ǹ
ʦԽһ˰ɡ
ǣʧˣܵļһʥ̶ˣԸȷĻҾͿʼ׼һ
ЦһӰƺЩν˵˵Ľ̸ѹûѹôڵܥˡ
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̸һ
Է˹֮ӰһֱĲ֣ȴֲòҪȥʲôֶôԷ˹֮ӰĵӲҪõġ
ɾȫġҲɭҴ࣬˹̹ǷֵǱѹһôԼ۱ȡ

ͲԳ˹֮ӰĴˣ¶óʲô᲻õģ
ֶҲҪ׼ˡ
ҪԸɭңǾҪͬھ׼
ֺô󣬱ҪʱԱ߶Уصһ
ɭɭĿսһۣܥȻͷլȥǷɻصһͬˣֻһױ߽ħ
ԱŲģ
ɳ³ܥȥ󣬻ǻͷǲĴһۣѵ
ˣ
޷
治ΪҲû˿νһԤףܥҲ̽ԼҪõĽߣǵĿⶫɣҪžǣ
ڻҪǾܣֻҲǵóѣ
ѾԵЩϢլȥܥıҲԵ
װģ侲㣬ŭ޷κ⡣
ܥصլڣһжЩԴĶ䣬ȵӰһࡣ
㣬㶼պ˰ɣ㣬´ܵȥǷҲ׷ģǾͽˣҪǱֻܹüȥҲˣ
Լķˣܥɭıƽ˹֮ӰĿҲѾˣֱʣϷ˹֮ӰԣҲֻǼˡ
ֻҪլֻðȴŶ룬ȴֻϵ¼ҵĿӶѣ˹֮Ӱ˷⾫ԸȫŵĴұߣ
ԼԼӡǣûбѪҲ㹻ػӵ֮ˣһжûˣֻҪδڣǾͻи˵ϣ
ҲɭҺͷ˹֮Ӱ֮һֻЭһεЭ

ŶС뿪ˣȤ׷𣿡
ڿȫֵӰƽĶɳ³˵ţûǶϢӦֻһЩҵĶ뿪ˡ
˾Ŷ뿪Ӧ
ֲȱЩҲҪ׷ɲΥԼ
ɳ³Ҳò˫ʵ࣬ҲòЭһ󣬾תȥ

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߿΢΢תγһͫ׳ΣԶԶĿɭҵķ·вҹҲЩ
Ҫðֱȥ֧Ԯɭң治ң΢̽һºͷһרҵ׵ĴУ˳ɾǵĻˡ
רҵװȫԽְҵ׵Ĵڣ˵ͻƵרҵ׺ʣٴηܿ׼ˣְҵһǵҲЩǳɹͻƵרҵȴǷ
Ҳ˼ҲԼСɫĻһתĿԼ־Լ϶û·
󶼿϶ᱻǷʦѾǹۺˣ̸רҵס
£ȻǰĪˣҪˣκε̫ǿ
λʲôʱְɭҾҪס˶ˣҵһǰɣѾǳΧˡ
ҹЩεĿˮһۺҲ˾̫ԼѾãԼسǺæƳ˷ϢȥһӦһתҲӦΨһתˡ
ܹڴػ˶ɱʧ
һ뵽ҹһҲԼĳ˼֦߿еļ׽۲֮ҲϵתƷ֮ͫͬн
ľڣһеĲ仯ȫӡԺ֮У
ְҵ׵ÿƽͨҲ԰ΪλķΧҲǶ֮ڣ
һְҵʼʹüⷶΧͻǧҲǲܣ
ֻҹĿǰʵҪ֮Ŀо׼ѶȴȻ̫
ǿﵽҲǿ֮ĩȱɱˣ̸Ըʲôרҵǿˣ
ҹȻǸˣ
ҹĿǰħ͸ħ֪ʶû취㶨ħʸʱΪʸħȴǰõģ
ͷƳɵĳǰҹҲϵĵ
ͽħ
ӯԣ
ͽ׷񣡡
谭
˳У
ʴ
ħֽ⣡

һɫĲ˼ʸ֮ϣʹħԣ˵΢ܱӵӲԣͬʱҲһΪħ塣
£ȴҲܳ˶಻ͬ͵ħǿȫҹݿĽǿƴճɵƽ⣡
ӵˣһ㣬ֻһŵӣɿĵƽȫܹϷĵȫɢһֲĿ
ΪʸԺҹԡͬʱָգָ״ʸУָ֮ϵħҲڲϵ˸š
еҲһֱδֹͣ
ǹǺ˵ͶӰҲϿ̻һħģԶͶ뵽˷ļʸ֮ϣнС
ԼԿָʸֵ֮ӣƽļʸҲʼɻĸδͷ˼У
ѪͫͬʱתҹıҲ
רҵף
Ҳ㿴
ԹԳһ
һֽȫġġ֮ҹҶոңǰһɡ״ˣýǶԾ۾
ħ縡֣һÿ͸һϹ⻪ʵһ֣һ⡭

һߣۼĿɣµǹҳһ˿Цݵʦӻͳһɢؾᡣ
Դʦ֮𣬾ȻҪʩ·ɭҵʱɫҲ΢΢仯ŵһԲҲٿɢ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
˺
ھһӵħƱ
Լİɣ
ЦӺ·ʮƵͬʱɢһɺ༯ɢŨĲϢ
Թ
ʮ֮һ۹ȥ߼ʣ
ͬʱɢƽȫǶ˽ȥһ㣡
ת&ͬ飡
ӿпȥΧħ飬ڶ⣬鶼Ȼʼڻһ̯̯Ťĺˮ
ӵŤֳĺˮһ־ͿʼʴΧһУͬʱǴȥ
ڴʱԭڿвٿʽʦȴͷһܱ̳һ˽ȥ
ͬʱб·һϸ߽ݶȴͻȻڿһһ㣬˲䱻һۣ
һɫ⣬Ƴⰼ۵˲ѾִǺ֮ϣ
±󲿷־ʽϣרҵ׵ӦҲְҵЩħƷķܹģְҵ۷һ׻⣡
ֻһոսӴ֮ʱǶµӰɫһ䣡
ǻλþȻǺתǡɵһ
ôܣԼڹֺżķԷȻܹԼδ֮ǰǰԤУ
ʱҲȫ롣
ͷһ㣬ϼ۵ĸ٣ԼЩħԣӴĸֵͽ׼ӳ֣ǺܣȴƼӺķŽֱ׳ײһ㣬ֱӺƲһ˿
Ե棡
ǧһ֮һĻִ֮̽ݺݵĵǼʸǿнԭȵķ
Ӱö񣬶ನֱ˺˿
¶·һͷ˿գΪʽϮ˳䲻⣬һʱòȻһĺ½ò
ǡ
ħ֮еɭ£ߵò󣬱鲻һ䣬ƺ֪˭һ㡣
ϳҲûãǶ
ɭȻ𣬴Ƭˮƺһ㳯ħɱȥ
㿪ˣרҵ£ôȻֻܼ棬ֲʶһöû𵽵ġ
ڵĿֱ۵ʹĿõĳҹôôоûţԼѾֻܰﵽˣԼء
ҹкһֱתһĿٱĴˣȻûʲôãܵĸоˬץҡ
ߵרҵڳ𡣡
ܵˣߵ˲ǿЦõĿٸȥЩϰ˵ԲƵʡ
˵ҲǰѾԼܹıˡ


94 ֱʣ
ǲ֫ѪȵĽֵǵҹƳѪпʳʬʳʬҲеһѹ֡
˵Է󲿷־ȫǴ󲿷鶼ǰģԼ˳û⵽鷳ɧš
֮ʱҴ֣߳ҲŲҽȣڰҹȥȴֻʣһƬţ
ƺȫǵҴߣֻʣ¸ԼԭܵӻЩһ㣡
նɱŵϢ˹ʳʬǰնĴţҹͷƽ˵
ǺҸɢ˰ɣҪһ
Щľֺ;ҴߣҹҲ޷ʲôŵ
֮ԻǳҲΪȫǵеģ·谭󣬶Լ˳Ϊ֮£ȴܹЩƽ
ںǷܹӳ죬ҪԼ컯ˣû׷ɱ·ϵħޡʧҲ㹻ͨ˵

ڲЩߣǰܵ˱ӻҴѾ˵ˣ
ʲô㡣
仰ҹǶԽǼ˵ģ˵ǰѾӳˣܱܵĻҹȴҲóóȻѡ񵥸ɣرǼ֮Ѿйǿ¡
ֻȻվǸԶиԵĿĺΣ֮ʱ򵥣ʱȫͶŸԵ¸Ŀˡ
ذȻûγһĽһϵ˵
ЩͽҶȻǣʱȽһһȫĴ򰲶һ£ȴĻӦ뿪Ƭ֮ҲʹȫӦûбϵġ
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ҹԾƷ֮ͫй۲죬ϸϸֶصľϧԼĿǰʵ̫ˣȻһЩµĲ棬ͺ֮һ㣬󲿷ֻЩģġ
һߣŵһۺҲǵ˵ͷ˵
լǱû취ְæΨһľǻҵѪˣүС㶼֮ѧ׼ȥǡ
ԲͬĿĺʹ𸴳ֺҲҹеЩܹ꣬ڵĹϼ壬ȻǲὫһ滹źѪ
ֻǱܵ˳Ϊ֮εȷ˲д洫еãɭҰǨ˹̹ǣҲʲôɿһҲǺֲ֧ɡ
ϧ˫ĿĶԼЩǰȴǵȷҪֿˡ
׼Խƽԭȵһ£תȥ׸һһ˳ռһЩĲϡ
ҹСôᣬʵҲȫԺһǰ֮ģɵ´½ѵѧϰصˣۼȫ½š
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ҹС綼ѾǣҲ֪ô˵λˣ֮İҲޣȷûҪصǰ˵İ󡣡
ҹλشʱһߵŵƺǿҹĳɵǷԲˡ
ҹҲ˳ĵ˵ͷ֮վҲѧԺպְҵҪϵͳϰһ¿ȥοһ£ĿǰԼְҵδҪĿĻҪȶְҵĺá
ԼҪԴҪռ㹻ĽϺܰİȵѧ
ĿǰȷǴŽʦͼְͷεĿƻʱհصҹվҪѡǹȫȫγǹڸְҵ
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йʱʷǿ֮ףɱ飬һս˾ħ۹춨һԪԻ͵ġ߱ߡ˹ְҵ
ֻӴģἰҲ˵ʱԶѾûϵͳУҹȴΪԼ첻
˼Ҳһǿ߳ģû˿նԼ߳·Լҵİƾɶ
ҹҲѾеÿһǹڸѶȶһΣǹڸŵųܳ󣬵ȴҲ϶ҵİ취
Ǵ뷨ǺȴҲûйຮѵķֵ
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ԼȻ˵С
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Ϊڵõ˷ˣ
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ǲƬ͸Ļţҹò˫۸еʹֱۣǳŲϢӣҹһ䣬ɸֳһֻĸо
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۾һʹٱϴ̼ҹҲԾĵɴ۾Ǿ޴ֱۡ
Ƿ˹֮ӰĿģ֮ǰֱʣȫɢߵǣȫСˣ
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ԨħֽĸԤ̶Ҳޣ
˵ÿһĳ֣ȷѪ꣬ÿһԨħĳֻ֣޾
Ա̰ƵԸ񣬶ħħıֻ޾ɱ¾ǵkǵְڣڣ
һͬάƽڣ
ôܽⶫٻ˹֮ӰԼ²ǵһģ

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ɭҵѪԴͷȻǺԨħǩԼǸȻڡ
ҹ˽⣬Ȼ֪ĸ࣬ǿԨħӵλħǲkֱӽ٣ӦҲͨýٻͶӰ
ңٻ֮߾Ƿ˹֮ӰΪͬھɭ屾
ٻλĴǾ޴ģʱɭҸĿ¾ȫеѪΪƷ
״£֣Ҳ޷⣡
˷ʶͶӰ壬Ǹݹֻһ˿ԵͶӰܹģԱȻȫΪ׼޷ﵽ̶ֳȣɭõǸ̫ˡ


95 ħ
˹̹Ϊһɫ磬Ÿֶ䣬Ũζ˵Ϣ濪ʼŰɫҽƺȫ˵Ԩһ㡣
ԭɭլڵأѾȫһźںɫѪأͨǴѪڳܹһֻվѪܿܿһֻץѪرزϵ˺ѣһֻħǻĳѪð
УʱƯʮӰʮ˶վĳİϣγһصͽѪذ
ʮרҵ֮ϵĳǿߣ
ʼȴֻһ˿ɭħ
Ҳѹȫ˲䣬ߺ׵ı
ֻħͶӰǰЩƽܹ绽ĴУҲԵ쳣С
ʱҲǰվԼλϵΨһں¶Եð͹µӰڴһ۲Ѫصı仯
ŵˣŵζ
һ֪֮ȴȻȻе˼
źںĶͷ­Ѫ˳˫ʱನ׵Ľ˹̹ǵĽΪƽأ
ĩɡ
Ƿ˹ζһkѪʳҲģôζôаŮոչôζļƷ
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Ǻε̰ڶµӰȴƺû˿ʾñڵӰ£ֻܿһ˫۵׳ŷħƵѪ˫ͫ
Ѫͫв˿顣
ҿʲôҲͼ顣
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ֻҪǰµϹԼܽԼ

һ󾻻𣬺صƱ͸Ĺâһֻ״ƿƵĹâ̽Ķ·Ѫһľ޴Ӱ
ƹǣĹâƺĿһ㣬һҰ׵̼γһƺܹΧڵпռȫܶĿռƬ
ƿն˲Ϣһľ޴
ͬʱ׸֣Ӻһҧħ벱ӵཻ
춯ƺҪħѪһ㣡
ħཻĵطϳһľҷӦ
ϹһʶͶӰҲҪ赲֮Ѫ٣ؽγԴ
Ѫعвƶųһͱӵħƺܵ˼ŭһ㡣
ǰı仯Ϊ׵ĺӰУȴû˿仯ֻѪͫһһ˿ϷʣĻ裬ʮǿҲͬʱٿ
ǽ׵һϸСĿĺɫҲϵĴӴðǾ޴Ӱȥ

ײ
Ҳҡ
뾫Ӧǳ򻯵ϹͶӰ޼ܵϾȻҲ侮ʯƺǳ˲мǷ˲֮
ЩϸСÿαķλȻѪ֮ųԿ֮
ϱ仯ıеı֮ϹͶӰ֮ʱֵı֮
ԭӵе֮ų⣬Ŵ
һȺģ
ϱؽʧ
ȱؽѪ棡
߱ؽ
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ΪħֻͼħֻһһѪҲһɱٱǵķˣ
Ϲǣƣ迪ڣ
Ȼνݽ䣬ڸոЧֺȴĪͻȻһɨգ
˵ǱһɨЩ̫Уȫһȫ˽ȥȫΪ׵Ůȫ˽ȥ˾Ȼû˿ӳ
㣡
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ǽյԴͷ˫ԨħҪΪаѪͫתķħƣǱħſЦ
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ѹܹԼѹЧŵħڣԼʲôû뵽ۼ˫۾Ʒ֮ͫ
䷨Ĳ֮ͫ
ԭγɵĽ磬ڴħԵķҲ˿УϵĿٶҲã
ǿƹĲ֮ͫԼƿλ֮٣ƽȴ൱ֱӽ֮ѹƣ
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䣬ǲдѪ֮ħ壬ȴǲϵڲըںɫ緢Ѫգ
ȫЩֽŵļƷɲôóȥģ
ԷзӳѪ̼ںСд֫ȫɽȥһħС񣬵ɵΪŮӵС
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Īֵһૺ󣬼ʶȴͻȻһڣԭĿߵӰһ٣ðһаɫ
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ͬʱɭլַкУһ˫ѪƿĲкһ˺۵Ӱ˳Ӳװܥɭ
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СļƷ壬ǽѪ⡭뱾ĸ̫󣬲дļ侹Ȼô٣ٺ٣ȴҲ¶Ļᣡ
Ƭȫջغ΢ıһʺӰƺֱܥɭһ㣬Ϣ˰˳ƣɨһ۲ŵĳк󣬱Ǵ뿪

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һߵĻʲôֵ鷳׷һҲԼµ˹̹ܽ廳
ֶֺ󣬿˹̹δҲʽˣߣпؽĿܣԨħ¶ټȴǽֿȫĨɱ
ʱҹһ·糾ͣͷڽȥһλ·ˣ˵ѾӵĸռˣԼߡϵµģΪ˱鷳Ȼ׼˱ǲСıճʳ
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ճˮҺȫɣеĲϻݰܻ飬ҹ̤ѾʧЧʽ˵ҲЩı䡣
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ֻǿϧӷʦѧһЩĿޣϵҲСèֻ
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Լ˵츳Ӧô찡
˹ֵ̹طʮ̴ӵȷˣΪǰԴҲ࣬ĻҲܴﵽϡ
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ҹʼֻŵ˵Ľ֣ǰһȴǴYY
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ֻɳ³ˣұ߱ŵĶռϵľϷ磬ƫƫӣȴҪ˦ճŲŵţƤǣһʧܡ
ǱɫֻǴػȣֻ⵽ʱŷȴӲҲҹǰ浽׷ʲô
еЩԼʼţƺɳ³ԼȣװƶѰ˵ʵʤλδ֪˵Լڸë߶û̸ĵˣ
һͷײɳ³ǲǿӵôԭĬСǶɢˣֻʣһߵƿޣӦô档
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һﲻϱԹţҹ廹ǺܳʵĳŽսķٵĸȥ


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ȣҶ⣬Ӧ׵ģɭѾˣΪλҪԡ
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ⲢǾܾĻȴǱֱӾܾɱҪö࣬ɳ³ĳǸɫǲһѿǷЦ
˵úã԰¶ľģ
΢΢һٺɳ³ǿɫ˵
⴫ұߣ㵨ҾܾҵɭҵѪŴұߣһɵ֣ھƾֻյֹң
˵棬ɳ³ɫҲ𽥱Žػе۾ҲһֱûеõŮˣϴɭҵĲִƷɳ³ϵ´Ī
һΪ˼巢չɳ³Ůɫһֱûбֳ̫ȤֻǵܺΨǰŮ⣡
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һȿȻҪȵɳ³־ͳԼսնʮȻ죬ʮƺͬһʱִһǰеĿռ䣬ܲ͸磡
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ҽԭиʸ˵侫׼˿µĳ̶ȣ
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ֻһ㣬ֻһЩƺգȵİâȴǺ谭ıɳ³ǿߵĸ֪˫۲׽˽ȥ

ְҵ۷ǿߣ۾ҲĲλοĿĸ֪ǿ󻯣ȫ񶼼Ǽʸϣ
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ֻǾɳ³ץ׼Է꣬Ҫһ·׷ɱȥʱͻȻ̼ӰһȴǿͣСĽ䱸
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۾ϹˣڶѾˣʲôԼˣ
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һ̴بŵĲɣͺһƬɢĺɫĩǷıը޸İ
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۾Ϲֶɳ³ʱȴǲòͣ׷ĽŲŸ֪Լ׽ǿϣΣжѾ˥˵ڣȥĽȴܿһ棬ǷнĴҲҪڡ
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㻹ͻƵרҵ׵Ļ´μ棬¾ϲŶǰ

һߣ˵װƵĳ滰󣬱Ѿ·ҹҲѾеַ׷
Ҳ˿Լһ׹ȥ˵龫ǰԼܹõԴ˼ޣԼո۹ǹԷ֪һϢ˸䲻⡣
±иʱܣҲû˿ա
ܹȡǰĳɼѾĿǰļˡ
ͬҹҲԼʵٶȡ
ֱʱ˺ҹлܵѹϵĵԴУԼŴָ϶мĻУԾ
Ȼ֪ǸСɫû뵽ȴǸ̬ء
ߴʪŴҹɷ˷ۡ
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ռָԱȿռԪĸߵεĻɫҹǰħ֪ʶҲ֪ȫֻڲͬԭγɵĿռװ
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ٺ٣ԼֻõһЩԹأڲܲ
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ְͨҵѾܹżרҵˣĻҪٵö࣬һԵļսѧǲǲء
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һ·Ů飬ؼһֺòˣԼҹǺòڣ൱ʵҹһֺò˲ص㣬ţʵص㡣

ҹĲԭǿռΪ峺䣬صɫ֮ȻưҹգǺӻƣԭҰʱʱԶǺ
ǰȣǻڿ鱻ӳӵҹƲ
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ˮ
ոսǿݿҹЩٶ۵Ĵ૵ðɣݿ϶ȫסȻû֪ʶȴȫСһֻ
ָ˸ĶͷҲò򵥵Ϊҹһ£ڲ׸黹ôȽ߿ƼĶⲻϵƵѧҪȽԼ鰡
ٺٵ˵
Ҫóҿ¡
дƵûɭѪȫ˷ѴģɭҵĵӣҪò¿
еͷʳСһ
Ҿֻһֲظã˵ģãСƭӡ
ҹһûõ㣬ǿʼȦȦ
ˣԼͷϼоŶ㻹ǹֱӾӦͺˡ
ֶһöӨ͸ˮϵıҲԵЩΣǸԵкء
ºȻһ䡣
˵ûŶҴսҲȱʧģֻɭҵġĽ֮ꡯѪֻд˴ʦһսأõĶԼɾ档
ҹõֵҲܲôˣֱӾ;˽ȥȻһ뻭ԶԺ
ͨ˿ܻͷǣϴľҹ˵̫Сˡ
ȫһְֽѧָоԼĥֱǿ̫̫ˣ
Ѫ֮Ľ֮ꡱɭҵѪ岻ӵлԾĴڣԴΪۻ˱ȷʦҪǿĹ̬־
һѪ˵޷ǹҲ޷ʹ÷ϼҴսֱܹй˵ľ©
һͬ޽ĿѪԻ͵Ҳڸߵȵһ֣
ѹֱѡְҵĽʿְףһͱɳ³ٶȱɳ³٣սȴҪ
ֱӹ©ĽлⰡֱýħЧѰǿҪͬٶȸ죡
ϸϸԺеĻ棬ˮȥҹҲ˳˼֮УʣµЩ鼮һʱûȤ
齣ĲбȷԼֱѧõģǴʦѪҪȷҲӲ
ֱãȴŲܽԼƷ֮ͫǾԴ깥ģ齣Ҳһ깥ַʽ
ܹȡ侫״ϣδܸһȫ۾ɱУ۾һĻ¸Ƿʤ
֪ʶԼƿƷ֮ͫҲа
˵һջѾ֮ǰ鱾սܺˣ
ǼҴҲǴʦս


99 ̶
մӲԭͷ˺ڰ뺮䣬һƬԭӳճ˽ɫ޵ֻ֮£ȴҲűݴΣ
һŨ֭ܵӿ֫庡ҹٴνڸжᣬ˲ΰûλ֮ǰ춼ɡɻɡ
ɵıʯͷӲĶҧġ
ڣΪֻпŶױȵĳȴҲ㹻ҹ̵ͷˡ
λѶͬеļ죬ҹҲһЩĸı䣬ƻڵ棬һż͵飬һŮڸովޱ䣬û˿Ұ⣬Ҳ׵Ӧ˯£ʳ͵ȡģҲûʲôҪˮϴ֮Ի
ȻܸĵʱʱͺһµԸ͸ˡ
ŶĴӲİںŮ֮ⲻ˵˵츳൱
ҹһߺһĵİţ֮ɭҵѪǳŮһѾȥ޵ĶӣһȵŮ
ǰ̸츳һ˼ûС
ҹһۺû˵Ǽ
³ɳ³ǰʮͻƵְҵ׵ļ¼ҪǿǰʮյʱͻƵְҵףӦò˰ɣǲ֪Ѫʲôʱܾѡ
Ȼ˵ô˵ܿԼĶӣҲеԺġ
Ůأϴ˵Ҳɡ
ΪԣȻΪĶӰȻǻĹעŮ賤ŮĿ϶
㵱ȻûȣҲǾż̴ˡ
ȻȻȶϵĶҲӣĵĿ϶ԼŮе¶Щı顣

ҹǹУǺܳĵ̾Լ츳Լʮϱ׼Խվٶȿ϶Զˡ
ǿݿƿϸĺ̶ȵļվķCDڣﵽǰЧ
ȵŮȻǸѾ㵱ʥʿСҪܶ࣬ȴҲҶ͵϶츳ҪǿˣֻСˡ
ӴҲٴοʥʿСĺһԼɹͷŮ˰
ݻҹҲе廳˸УȻ˹ϵе⣬ǰһȴѡ˾Լ
ţдˡ
һ߼һѵõʱһ£ҹȻ΢΢һתͷһ˵
˳ҹĿ⿴ȥʱȻֻвݴ粨ȴҲ˵жϡ
ܶ࣬ϰˣвڣǰٶȲ죬Ӧޣ̶ӰɣҲǴ˹̹ǵķλġ
ȻеߵķҲ˹̹£ϸϸӦһҹҲ˿׷ʲôġ
ӦǾͣ˹̹Ϣ̶ӣԾʱͳˣ֮ԻԼȻ̶ӵӷ׹ģǵٶȣΪ˦ɳ³ºֻͷײˡ
ôҪҪ㳵
ŪҹνƵ˵ҲȨףϾȻʱ˦ˣɳ³ڿ϶ڷƵԼ˲ǡ
ʱ̶ӡ
ɣȻ˹̹⵽ִӳ϶ҲٵģԶż̶ӵ˿϶Ҳܶ࣬ȥԵͻ
ȳƬ̺㽨鵽
ôۻа취αװô
ҹʲôǴסӳ˹ԼαװˮƽǱȽ⣬ֻ򵥵֣ԼǿˣҪסԱǸˮ϶ǲܣֻԼа취
ţҰҲŪ㣬ҪҵŶ
ЦĿҹ޳İָҲץյ״һӣҹһë

ǰһ޼ȻߵѷƽԭƣҲ¶һ˿Ρ
Ϊ̶ӵ죬ϵĵ̫ˣȻÿ죬ҹ뿪˹̹ΪδĹϵ̶ӵĸֲƷȴѾ漱ˡ
·ϻϵие룬º֧ŵˣһֱͻӳЭ̳ţǨƻδƽԣҲǱˮн
᳤λѵڱסˣƺЩף
ڷǵʱһ̶ӻСܵǰ˵ֹƺҪȰ˵ʲôֻû˵ڡ
ƵĻ㱨ֿı飬Ҳ֪Щʲô⼸Ѿܶˡ
ΪڲʳﲹѾս٣ԼΪѾ˲˵Ĳ
ֻԼ˹̹ǳԼĹ磬Ϊ޷ϰʲôҪԼĿʧȥȥȴҲ
ִҲ³ֵˣһһŮ˶Ǻʹһõķ綷òҲƽΨһһľŮ˳ܴĻǺܷġ
еͷϰһɫëһòʵͽӣӦƶ򸾡
ִƺеҪǸֵӡ
ˣܹ͵Ӷˣ˽ɣŵȥ
ϵֹ˻Ķ󣬷ҲֻܰеķŭЩǺ̶ӳںӶһ·ϻ̶ӵ˹̹Ҳ˺ܾˣǶǮ﷢йȵñػټͻȥ
ڳǶûȻһ𱬵Ҳû취֡
һѾ̲ס׼˺װƵҹֹȺؿζĺȥ󣬲ĵ㬵һڡ
走ȵĻױѾ൱ˣĺڸ취ӴΧŷɳҲǱ׼ˮͰǣҲķŮӣû뵽ȻȻǻˡ
ϧΪɳ³ʱ֣ܳǾ̫ע⣬ܵ͵Ҫ͵ȴҲû˵ɶʱŵҪıùս˿ռ
ֻҹȴҲ֪Լ۹ˣαװȷͨҲеɫرȺĸļӶУعƨɹѾˣﻹôࡣ
᳤ǲӣǲǽҪǵʳⰡ뷨
ߴĻȻͣȴҲЩĶײ˵ĻǴʵ˵Ĺ
ʳ뵽취ģԭɳĮǱڵʳԴǺܶģһке
ǿӲѹ˻ĲǿҹͷЦЦ󣬱ʾȥ̶Ӻ档
ȶһۣ˵ͷҲ˳ӵǰָ򡭡


100 Ե
̶ӵԭģžһٳͷʮŵĻ̻Աʮˣ߰ʮ˵ӡ
ȻһٳͷԭԱγԱμǣ̶Ӻ棬ٸŸ񣬹ȥ˻һܾѾһƼݣ
ŰͶģϾܹˣҪͱ޺ģҪǼÿʲôûġ
ܶ˶˫Ŀľĸţҹ˹·ϣͿһϵ˺һˤĺͯ
ҹҲЩζҲѾдˣʱľҲΪգʶĶҲ൱֮࣬ȻڼֳȻЩ޷ϰߡ
ܹ˳ֵĻǣȻϧԼҲѱ
˶˹̹ӳ˶ӳж˻ڰ·ϡ

ǰ̶˴һСʱ̶ӱͣʼϢˣֱʱԱЩľǣвǻһϣڴĿ̶ӵķ
ûã̻λı£ڴ˹ȻǸ̶ӵĻ᳤һȽĵˣʱ֧ʳ֧Ԯǡ
ֻڹտļѶӼƤӴݸĻʳб㿪ʼһЩ
ûиʳԽԽˣڼȫǲݸˣԼԵĶȫǿǱ߻ڿ⣬ƾʲôЩ
԰ǣƾʲôǰһչ˹̻⡣
ӳԵηá

ڱԹļˣ˵żֿͷȴҪǿ׳࣬ҹͨжϣӦһ߼̴ӣĶм̴ӣҲ֪Ϊʲôͷĸ߼̴һʶĸо
ֵȷˣᾫӢˣƢҲģֻȻЩһȻеڹȥһ㶼ϲ״
˵̻ûҪǣ̶ǰȷһЩ·˺н̣ǻȡһãһǲסġ
ˣҲ᳤̻ȥ˺ãöȼһ¡
ڴûи磬ֻĬĬŶȡԼһݣʵҲѾû˷ѵкˡ
ҡһȺҷϣٶ˵Ķ鰡ֻҪϳм̴Ӻһ㹻ЭˣһȺɵơ
ݺݵһںͷѵͷҲֻգԵƿԭڵһˣóһݺҨ˺ü뵱ȥҲûʲôݸݸģֱһεݺݵĵһۺա
뿪ʱεš
С䵥үѣ⻤ܹȳүҲֻǶӳһ˶ѡ
ʼļˣҲѧǶ˼ԵݶǱŵġ
ȻļֻǱ̻ƵģҲǵûȷ߼̴ӾѾ㹻ݺͱǮˡ
ƽʱ̶ӿ¶ḶǮʱƸˣֻֻȴǲˡ
ԱһֱԹ۵ҹʱҲƲƲ죬鲻ϲʶ̫ˣѹû죬ԭ˵ģʼлҲһ֡е֡
Ҫ̶ʩѹʱһƻʳǲܣܸܿǼ˵Ļʳϵȷûд˰
ҪȫҹҲǸŶȥݸȻǺĶ֭пζǾûθڡ
ˣȥҲе㲻ӣ˷ְɣҹԼ˱ǶڽԼ
ʰĶӣԼҲҰ˼⣬пռҹĲ࣬ɻǹܱġ
Ϊ֪ϵܹìܺ;׵ĶԳԵʱҲ˸䣬Ա߻ŲԭȻݴڸǵġ
һ߿ɣҹҲһԴĥɭҵǲƴʦԽĥԽǸееԣԼԼİ
˵ʽݱ䣬ΪȱٶӦѪ㹻Լֱݳֱ·뷽ʽȴҹǳ
һֱһƷ֮ͫѹ׵ıɱҲֻҪѪ״̬Լӵ˶ܵ޲
ŵ㣬ͬҲȱ㣬Ϊʱʱ̶̿޲𹥻˹΢Щ޷ӦԼսµĵˡ
ͬ״̬µȷɱһԽһ̶ЧͱȽˡ
統Ҷʱֻǿһ˿ջᣬȳ鱻ΧʱҲ˶ѵƳɳ³ϵµʱǱԷŶûó
ڲĥʽҲҹԼ׽ݵһȫµ÷ʽܹƷ֮ͫѹͫóʱ̱֣ǴҪʱһ񲻸Ҳɱˣܼٿʱ帺
ҹͻɣƷֳ֮ͫõȷǻͫ
޷ûеõӦĿƼɰˣֻܵݿӰ죬ʹñ޲޼ϵ״̬
ȻǼǿˣǳˮʣҲȲһѰСӵˮӾ̡
ֻǾҹԽĥԽоԽԽݣɶſеһʱȴͻȻԼüԼ鷳鷳ȴˡ
ֻԱߵĲݴԱ˴ֱַֿ󼸸ϤӰ룬ǿʼҪͷµǼ
ࡣȻ˽ǣ⣿治СĸɵĲ˸ɾǣû뵽ǾȻֺöȳɣɽĻ
ͷͷУ̰ĿҹеɣƳһαװȺ󣬴һЦ˵
һֱܱģԼǷ޵ĻԱСͷĿһƱֵһֱǳĺģϧԴõݽɫϺ󣬸оһжˡ
Ǳͷ˸ոպ׼ţ첹ʱ򣬾߱òΪӪڳӳȴû㹻ĿڸñҪֵط켣
ǿתˣüûζˣ滹桭
ǶĵЦͣ˿жҹһ鴤زٰǵжصĿζʼոսʱҪֶŵģðһôҲ߼̴ˣѵûŮôˮͰۡ
濴ѵۺԼôôǵĻȻøɾݣ
ѾƫƧˣЩݵļŪɶģˬϵĺõĻδһԼԼӰ
ͷǳŽȥֻǵһĿ껹ǿһɡ
ԱߵСǣһ߷·һ߻˵
ãǴƢѾܶˣǰ˳ƶħԡ
ֻǿϧû˵꣬ͱȷŰ۴ˡ
ǵڣӦ֪Ķ㣬̶ӿҲ˳ۣͻȻʧٵĻӦҲ̫鷳ǡ
ǱͷлʶȤʱȵĻ±ˣ̨ǲôˣš
Ϊһǰ;ݡߡĸ߼̴ӣͷжԼ۹⻹ŵģԼжҲһ׼ȷ
֪ʲôʱʲôʱҪˣ̶ӣʵǿһơʮ̴ӣηϴҩʧǿгȼûвԼˣ֪ʵĽһ£ֻҪ߾ͺá
ӦǸˣѵһ·ϼ̫ˣ
ʱôС϶񵱳ԼһչʵҪȡ㹻ˣ
ְҵʲôȫûпǣУûи˹̹ҲôЩְҵǿߣҰҰְҵĸʶ̫Сˣûôһ̶ӣͷҲǡʮ׼ְҵǿ
ˣ̻ᶼ϶ùţܻ
֮ͨҲ¶Ц
زȻ롭
ϧĻû˵꣬һоʶɱǽȫֵĽȥ
ǸԭȥʵͽİשһֲĿԼԼƺѪɱȴǴϱŷģ
ԼʱһλְҵǿߵĶ飬ûŨɱ⣬⵽ʲôѵоȻɱְҵǿ

ѾƫƧˣЩݵļŪɶģˬϵĺõĻδһԼԼӰ
뿪ʼͷһģһһֲĻҹ³˫ָҲ϶ץһı飬ǰѾ˵ļˡ


101 ˮ
еǮһı鿴ŵһȺ鴤ͷҹҲһڣ˼ȻҲͲʮöң໹Ҵ
װʲôβǡ
ȻҹԼΪĳԭϽȫңڸ̲ס˱
ҲͿТǮԼķݶϣҲԼ֡
ˣСð˴ˣСԩ
ȫ飬廹ס鴤ͷУʱûĵİ󵽡
˹ˣû˵ɱǣȻشһЩ⡭
İ˰֣ҹҲϹƱƣֱӿʼѯһЩĵ
Ǽ˶ΪסڳӪǳʱܵļʱһ·ҴߵĿҲ΢㡣
ΪţڵԵʣв־ֱһֱҰ⣬ǿҲͬˣȴҲǸС
ҲֻڻδȫǨţȺ󼸸Σܹ²ţȻˡ
Ϊ̶ֻӶҲȽӴĹϵǰʱһֻѶƺѷƽԭǵģѶһŸ߼̴ӵʵҲˡ
ƺǸ˹̹ıʶΪӺ𾪣ħʦɵܻᡢʿԼ֮רҵ׵ĴԴǰ飬ǣԼǸļҲרΪ񿪱Ӫ
ֻҪŬִ︽ܹ
˵ԮҹеĸĹۣȸȴ־ñȻһڡ
֮Ի飬ҪֲҾ緢Լϣ񣬺ʾǿͶ
ΪֻҪڷԾܾΪħ似˵ȻͶˣ˹̹ĻĮôˣӲȱʳǸǲ˵ˡ
ܳʲôԭ򣬾ͽ˵㲻̫⡣
Ϊ˹̹һǰǺܻܿΪǼλרҵǵŵ㣬һԼǰİȫҲ˱ϡ
Ͼɳ³ϵ¿βҾĲˣҲͶɳ³޷֤ҴлûĿߣɭҵӦȫǶǣҲӴ˳

ѷƽԭǡ
ΪĵʳˮԴǵĳйģ˹̹Ҫö࣬ӵٶĳס˿ڣӵ˿ڵĸС
˹̹ǽɭһҶͬǵ߲㣬ΪɵĳǰᣬȻ˵Ȳϵɭңϵ¼Ҷ˿
֮һżңΨһ壬Ϊ֮һƽȴΪ͵ڸ͵ĴƫڣżΨְҵǿߣȴһ糾͵ĺ̸ʲô
¶ñӺȻǱҹһǲϹ۵ɳ³ϵ£
ʱھȻ͸ϵǣʵҲȱߺҹ·û˿ͣٵȫвǣ
Ȼûлһ˿һľڸѰǵ˿ĿļΪȷֱǡ
ɳ³ϵܣһû뵽ٶ֪˹̹جĺǵģϵܹɹӳȴҲпο
żμźЦĿǰƣɳ³˵ֻЦ˵ģȴЩ٩һ˿˿䱸
Ȼ˫Ĺϵ˵ôá
ǰòײӳģԶ뿪˹̹ҲĻҵ
Щӵ̾˿ɳ³ƺԵЩп
ȷӦѧżңýˣ֪ɭҵѹ˳˹̹Ҳǵżҵ˳ɳ³ץס˻λ
ż֮һģѾԽ˿ϵ¼ҵ۷ʱڣΨһеҲԼѷɫЩˣϾԷְҵˣǴƵϼǻϵ˺ԼҲ˿ֲá
Ǻǣֻǵʧȥ˽ȡİˣҵ츳ɲϵ㣬ճȴողſУϵǰͶϸҲǻϲ
ź鲻˵˵ڵԼľȷЩ⣬⵱Ķ֮һȴҲɾ裬ЩԵϵҲ޵ĽĶǾϵ
ɳ³ϵ̫ǿƣżҶûǨľڿҲѡ񣬷Ҳͬ˹̹ҷˡ
ɳ³ͶԭǵȻӭ˹̹˹ʣϵ¼Ҿ㻹ʣ˵ˣȴҲĿ࣬һ岢ǿ˾֧ġ
£Լҵȫܹǵĸɽɳ³ϵְҵְҵ۷ĸּ룬ʵȻ绢
ֻҪɳ³ͻƵרҵףͷʲô˻ܹרҵףԼһλ
ɵһ߳ǰڼǵ˿ڣӵרҵ״ĳǰҲʮҲһЩӲдӵһ֮ϲưˡ
ͻƵרҵףǼԱ˴רҵףԼȫԿסһռݶԴɶüٽһô㶼ǿ
Ͼɳ³츳Ҳֻ˹̹ۣܽҴﵽרҵҲǰϲȥ׷翵Ĵʦס
ȻѾǾͿʲôˣȻûȷȷԷĿ֮ǰһЩߵǿ϶Ӧġ
ȴźɳ³˵ȴ΢΢һ㶣̫ѣЩϵļ򵥡
ˣðɣһ˵ȷããƽԭѰңǼҪҸҲѣȻϵ㿪ˣȻǻᾡġ
ĳֻǣƬеĲ㶼ǵߣֻҪ㽫Էصֻ·ĻǾͱȻܽ˾
԰ظӦ󣬽ӹɳ³ĴŲͼص㣬źҲ¶һ˿м
ȥģǻһŮˣߣ
Ȼְҵ׵ĵе鷳ǱҪԼҲԸرְҵףвǵĸ߼ǿˣԼۺʵ˵ֻҪܹɹץס٣ȫһɱ
ϾѲĿ꣬ɲ֪Լ뵽У֮ǰìܶߵɳ³ȵӦ֮ʱ̣֮
ȥȷΪᣬ츳ɳ³ҪǿǱҪ
ϧû㹻ĳɳʱ䰡ھǵս
һǵĵˣȡһǱרҵ꣬ɳ³㹻ۺı꣬ô㣬ĴҲԼƻҪ͡
ֺɳ³۽ǲԾĳ鶯һ£ǻָƽһ˿졭


102 ·
ٽص̶ӵҹջǷǼһǴ֮ǰصչ¶һԼֶοһ
Ȼɳ³ܴ̽⼸һͷϵĻ᲻󣬵վеǱԼҩʦչʾ󣬺һȻαװ
չ¶ֶԼǡؿ¡ҩʦȻ־͵ȡץһЩϣһЩҩ֭
ǶȤζ˵ҩ֭ΪһƼÿһ˵ĺʮͻȫö
ҹҲǶȤζĴ䣬Щû뵽ǣ⼸һﾫ񲨶ϿƺˣòΪħʦĿ̫ϡٵԵʣͨﻹǸغδ֪
Ȼ֪ܹǶ죬뿪ǰصӪֵǸһϴĸӣƺ뿪пܶѵЩ
ҲҹеЩЦá
⼸ϽǮȼһµƲͯӣվҲ·ϵһСִߺ󣬻صҹٴһͷ˶Ի齣бС
ݿⲻ϶ݵĲȫ֮£еǸͫĿҲԽԽһһһɵʵĿꡣ
ȫͶӣҹɵӣЧĵľϵڤЧոڹǹְҵĹʵ
ͬʱϰ˵ʦĶʱ֪ṹļλ
ɷģħƽڵ㣬ͨǹͶӰͬʱħƽڵ㹹ɵķģ;γ˲򡢷еȣÿһλģͶ԰ټƵħƽڵ㣬Ѱħʦ˵ÿһλıǴʧܵϰӵݿ΢ҹԣʾƿصöࡣ
ҹԻʱȥսλħԼ༸ֶ⣬Ϊ˵л齣ΧòСܽѭϽڤЧ󻯰ˡ
Ȼְ֪ҵΪְҵȴΪһʩȴǱȷʦϡٵĶ࣬Ȼе츳Ϊβֱʩߵ·ӡ
̶ҲѾƽԭǰһܣҲ߹һ·̣һ·ҲѾˣλر֮
ְҵڵĺҪȴͳʦߣʦǿȴȻǴͬͳελΪʩߣ˭۵ȥְҵȣֺá
ոͣͿͿҹԱλѳٶʹȴҲɺݺݵĹһۣ᲻˵㣬ĺĺ
ҹ׼˵Щʲôʱȴһվʼǰ̶ˣһۿȥǰЩңƺʲôһ㡣
Ѱɧҹ治ô⣬Ϊְҵս൱õóֵԼֻҪǵ㱳ɳ³ְҵеսѷƽԭܸԼвӦò࣬رԼСĻһ̶Ӵڻ¡
ǸոգȷͻȻһļ¸еһĪѹȸһţѹԴͷȴ̶ǰ
ְҵģѰҺȷ·ÿһλְҵǿ߶ܽĵ·ϢǼȵɱ
ոһѹȸоͺָоֻǱѹȵһƺǻԼһ㣡
һţԼϢѹƺֶһָĸоǺɳ³Լѹ𣬵˵ȷԷɳ³ǿǱɳ³һЩʲô
Ȼ̶еҲƺΪͻѹȣܵ˾ţӶɢҡ
Ƭ̺ҹǰȲҪҶԼ㳯ǰ˼Ȼûн뵽̶ӣȴҲҵһԿǰ״λá
ƾǾ˵Ŀҹ̶ǰһΧסǡʮ̴ӵĻųʲôԵܸӰ
ɣݣͷһƾɵۣһϾɵİ֮⣬һӶͷֱ°͵İ̺۸Ϊ˼׺ӽյƺҲΪ˺۶ʧˡ
֮⣬ľ˸еͨͨˣ˿ûҹеʲôǿߵϢѵոյѹ˷ģ
ֻǾҹлɻʱһֱʲôϵĸоȴ˸ҹԾֱӿƷ֮ͫŶԷɨȥ
е·ĸתţݿҲ׽ѶϢѸٵĽţû˿ǲɣӵ˫Ŀңңһۣ
ûԷ˫Ŀӣ
ҹǷֽӽһѶϢ˫ͫУԷǵµۣ¸Ƥ뵶̣ɢһļΪɫ·
ƺԷҲյ۾Լһ
ҸҹһǣԼδ齣ԷԼ˫ĿһۺȻûг˿ʵķӳ¶һ˿Ȼ
Ҫ֪Լ˫ͫܿصĳڸ߼ְҵǿߵޣֻܴЩվԷҪʱѵģǿɳ³ҲԼӣ
ǰһﾹȻû˿ӳ
⣡
˶Էжص⣬ǶԷʵɳ³Ҫ£
ɳ³Ѿְҵ۷壬ְҵеսɳ³ǿǡ
ҹ׽ʱ򣬻ųԷĶԻȴһ⣬⿪ɻ
ߣڿɲȥ˹̹ǵĺʱʱ
ŶǾߵķûˣл塣
δȵų˵꣬ɣӱǴ˶ԷĻζٿҹһۺ󣬱ǱŰ̶෴ķȥ
ѾƷ֮ͫҹĬĬĿŶԷǰķҲһƬʣרҵף
ǰ˹̹״רҵ״Уͬʱӵһָ߼ͫѪ֮
һֱĿŶԷȥֱԷʧУҹ΢˿ģɳ³Լӳ죬һһ˲ƿصĸо
öԷûж⣬ȻԼƵ³еˣܺ


103 ߵʹ
ǰù˶õˣԴǸרҵ׵ĵк̶Ӻǰǵİ·УȴҲûʲô⡣
̶ӱߵľ·֮·Ҳᾭ߳ǮһЩ·ħ޲ࡣ
οǰʱţǨʢ磬㹻̶ӹвħǣעҲתţȺˣҪĵҲѷƽԭǺųƹͨڤİӰˡ
˵Ӱ֮ͺ֮ǰӰûʱڣô̶ûײϣ˵̶ӵĻ᳤·ֻ㹻жϺ͹ܰӰľ顣
ţȺѾǨ㣬̶ӶʼҪӲݸʳȥʱ̶ڿʼΪĵĸֶˡ
С̶ӡʰŶӡӶŶԼ·ðǡ
ûͽҲϻȡ˲ʳǽȼü֮Ͼ˵඼ûдϰɻлǻᴧϲϸҵģ֮ǰֻʳǮҲûطڿʼ󣬽ǮͨԱֿʼ˳
Ϊ̶ӺŵһƱǣкüڸǻһ󣬺λԽѰż̴ӣվְҵ֮¶˵Ļų㹻ЩǳٳٲҶղĵȥ
ҲˣǺ̶ӵĹϵҲ˲٣˵Ҳڿʼ߶̻ĺˣ˵˵Щǣ̶ӵıӻɲǽϸȥµġ
ǱɻһԶūгеǽǮ
ҹʱҲ൱ʵдʦĽݿİջ񲻷ƣȡѾܹѪ֮ϡ
ǹڵְҵҲѾọ̈̄ӰǹҲصòˣڸҲÿħɵѪ˹̡
ֻҪ΢һ£ʱʵĻԽ밵ӰģʱǿҲ㹻⡣
ȻǰҪ㹻ϡ
ðɣռһĲпǽģκ۹ʱĸоԼĲϽҪԽԽߣҲʩʲôĻȥ٣ڲЩˡ
οΪɳ³ϵ£ҹҪ㹻ʩǿعϾսеϵβִٹʩϾĲõز໹Դ
δͻƵʱʩǰǿɱԽְҵ׼޵ľ޹ֵġ

ա
ŵĳ֣ɳʯĵϷ˸֨ԽӽǺ̵ҲԽԽƽ̵̹ħ޵ðߴҲԽԽƵˡ
ѾǴӲԭԭʼòᡣ
ǰǺԭ˹̹֮һóС򣬸ݵʦүǵĿܷϢ㹻ʳӪأŸλܹҵ㹻ıĻ·
һСԼ߾ͷʱ̶ӵĻ᳤ǵǰ˵
һ·ᣬһ·ڿϣ᳤̻Ļʧȥľ̶ӵǣܲס񾭣Ӷʹ
ᴫȾһѸɢ˿óڷģݵҹҲɻ̾˿
Ȼʱ䲻˹ֺ̹γǳԼһݼأҩ满޼塢СܡʬĽܿˡ۸˵ʿС㡢Ƶķʦѧͽ϶ǽ˵Ҷȵȡ
Ϊ̶ԴԼ̶ӱȺ׾ֳܹǳ˹̹ѶҴǣ̶ӻδСʱ򣬱һͳһƤ׵סȥ·̶ӻ᳤һº󣬱ǽ̶СʱһӪء
ͬʱ̶Ҳ˸ǽ£ΪԷһе˶ҪȫһС飬Էߴǡ
ѾӵŽӽְҵ׷ʦ֪ʶҹԴȻ֮ԱǣߵǱڣҪ·ͷˣĳλֶأЩСආҲ϶Ƿֲ˵ģȫǶһ١
Ҳܹ̫СĽϾ˹̹ĲҰѵʵ̫ˡ
ֻǾҹвΪ⣬ȽŶ׼ʱһǰǵļַȴǲԾͫ΢
ļ⣬׶ЩȻŮһһ±ߵΧ
ÿһ˶м飡
һʱʲôضĳߴ磬Ůֻٴνһļ飬ַȻǼǷαװݣ
ΪԣŮŮԣԲûʲôкɧңҹҲǿ쵽ŵǵʱŷ֣
ִºҹʱһų˵ĸ֪ԶԶһԻͽͣƺ˵˹̹¼ͬС
һҹ֪̾Ǽĳ߶ԾǳشȻԼԱαװŷɣĳ˾ڱ鷶Χ
ɺϣ
ɺ¼ĸʵ̫ˣа˳ϵĿɳ³Ĺ
û뵽һĵӾȻô֪רҵ׵ĴǣȻȫ·϶Լ˵Ѱתǰ˰æ
һȸ״һңһñӿԼͷϣ
Ǻ׽ҴĻԼΪЦŲ鷽ʽϸһ룬ªŲ鷽ʽȴǡǡ׽˸ѳģڲֶ֪֮ǰܲǰԼظˡ
ôҲð󣬶ͨ߼м⣬ȵǰֺҪȴѾˣͻȻʱӷǸΪͻأ
ǵһҵʺӣȷǺײ𴩣ֻҪȵִ֪ǣߴǵԼ°׷ɱ֣һɣܲƽҴɳ³ϵ¡
ƫƫⲢǶʱ̷𴩵Ļԣ
ɳ³ϵˣǵλ͵ˣݺ͵λܻ̾˵ĻȨʱڵȷǲ˻ϾϵһļҲҲȫ˹̹
һǵ֪ҴߣȫˣΪ˱ȫ˻վ
ֻֽҪֽĻȴҲǿһʱġ
ȵסʱɳ³ȴƨˣ
ԼһͰ˳ȥԵĿɲɳ³ñаǵǿߣ
ðɣЩǺҪǵģǰĵ֮ǱҪȥ
ҪҶŵͺעϡ
صĵȶһҹ̵һöµģͬʱ˫Ҳصż
ģȵӰǿʼ𲽵Ť仯ԴڵĳҲȫǰĴĿգգûʲôıʾ
ùϵĲ׷䡱ʹ˶һȦ𲽱һƼݵũӣֿһ۾ٲġ
ͬʱͷ˼򻯵ġʾøͨ˺ı仯
ϾһЩ㲵񣬱仯Ҳһв̫ԣҹûж෨ʲôϵͳѧϰҲԼѪּͫ򵥵İʾ
ȵֵ˵ʱѾȫɣоյͨ˼顣
ƹҲúʵϴˮۿʩߣǰӵְҵ
ɹͨ˼ҹ˿ͬʱҲһԵ⡣
ϧոյһ£ԺоͲԾҶСӵĶЦݣÿΪѶʱǻᱻһһ
Īеĵѹȥϸϸﻹʲô
ֻǽһµҹʼһºȴԼЩԾˣƺɳ³СѾԼܹʩš
Ϊ˾Աλη˵ʱԼùϵڼϣԼ֪һĻ
һ뵽ҹ亹ˣҲزأӴľ˲ţԼȫԼδԶļȫ˽ȥǿɨһ顣
Ȼڼһ۵ĵطӫʯ
һֶԹԪؼΪеĿʯһ΢Ĺϵħ㹻䷢΢Ĺâ
ˣԼϾȻһԼǿ¶Ųĵζ
ڸȺи޷
ɿԼҩѧ֪ʶȴԵķһֳõıԵĲ֭ζ
ΰ£ˣ
ǱֳΧķλϣû뵽Ȼǹݾߣ־ȻԼͷϣȴ··ȥˣ
Ƽ򵥣Чȴߣ
ɳ³ϵܹĳɾͺ͵λȻǽң
ߣ
û˿ԥͣ٣ҹϵĽԱߵĽҸ£ٶȫֱӷɱӪ
ְҵ׵ǿϢԼʱĿֲˣ˲ʧ˵ǰ̶ӵĶԱǿһ±ơ
ԲۣǶôЩֵĶ
ΪҹĹϣְҵ׸ֵĿ൱ϡ٣ȵ뿪һʱ󣬲½мӰӪء
ͷݵһºһ˱óһһֻͷӬĲƿ²Ӭͣķ󣬱һѸٳǸ׷ȥͬʱŷһֻͨſܸǵķȥ


104 ׷
Ƽűһļλˣҹ潫ٶȷӵ˼¡
һ߰ԼֵüʱһҲԶֵѹеһأ˵ս֮УƾԼݿǿ֧Ԯսϸڵҹ·κˣ
ȻսⲻֱܹӱȡıԼ治СЩ϶
ԼһֱҶɵӰⲨǰ˭Ҳûռ˭ıˡ
˵ʶ˶ԷĴ㣬ǿҵʱµ壬ҹȴҲûжٰܹһֱѶԷ
ٶԼΪڸĹϵͻѰְҵ׶ɵԼοԼ˸ˣ
ѷƽԭȷǿ㣬ݵĸ߶ҲڣһĻԼаհȻֿԼ˸֪ҪȫоԼĳζȴǼΪȥ
ʱԼϰҩĻĿǰ֪ʶԼݿļӳɻмְտһϰɹƳȥζҩȻԷԼ㹻ʱ䣬οҲȱһЩزҩ
ڻһˣԼٶ϶ԵۣҹвһҡڲƬ̺˶ϾȻԼѾӦĺԼй֮Ǿ;ܷ
һ뵽Ժһ߿˼ҹľǰͷ˳ϸĳҸµɨ˹ȥ
ðסô󡭡ޡȿȣãȻԼΪٻãմ޺ζԴʱӴƤ͸ѪҺΪ޺޷Զųʱû취
ΪαװĹϵĺʵŴζԴҪΧȴϡ
Ȼˡ
˺
ֳСһԼȫһȦ¶ƽ̹СҹǱ̬ĽԷ˻ʮ´ģ
ǵλڵĶİһۣûͨŮʿľš
׷ٵĶûֱϣҪĿľȻеܴɳ³֮ûʲôɸ˵ܰɡ
ꤵתºǽ˵
ΪܹҹγԱĸ꣬һĶȴǾѾ¼ĴƲĲˣܹԶҹٵϢóͬĽۣҲ㹻͡
ںǾ٩ҲԶҹԹȥˣιѸܿ֡
·ѡ񡭡
ȵĵ٩ٶȽҹǿ˵ֻǻû˵㱻ˡ
ȻѡԼ·ʹ˷Ǳǳƽˡ
һԼ˺·ڴ˸ᣬλһЦӯӯı˵Ҳҹ۵ı飬Ưת˸ֵİ˰ֱ۱ǿʼһȥ
·Сġ
ŶԷȥıӰȻϿȥǱԹҹû˿˼˵˵ʵѡȴǻ鷳ȫΪ׸ǰĴұ߿ɲָӡ
ߵ˹ϣĳ̶ֳѾ޶ȵİԼˣ뿪İȫԼһΪնɳ³ըĴұ߻ЯɭҵһЩߣƾ赣ĵġ
Сӣ
Ѿʧҹеȣ뿪ʱЩа˵ͬʱһҲ뿪ķת˹
ҹһץνһ䡣
㼪ԡ
û˿ת뿪ϦദҲȷһ˵оĬ
ǰһֱǱΪ˱ԼǣƣΣҲֵԼˣͬźܷΣ

ŶֱʰƻҪ΢Ķһˡ
бľᣬ̺ħɱеҹѸٵĶԺеļƻ˵
׼Լʦһ·Ϲʲǿʱ䣬ȫܵѪɢų޿ײζԴģⶫĻܹһһַʽѪɢˡ
ԼյϢôУ

ѷƽԭϣŵӰٵڲԭţǿ˲ƵĲˡ
ɳ³ȷһԹ޺ܴ󰡡
źһ߸ǰĻҲûܵ˿ӰĴݵɳ³Ķߣչֳ˳һȵĿ
ô˵Ҳû
ɳ³һƽҲͬûи鲨
ĮԺɻжദʱģ֮ǰΪǹ˽㰲һڿԷмֿ˹̹¼йˡ
źЦһЩΪ˵ڰɳ³Ŀñӣûһѹص䣬ԼֵôСĶץѱ
˾ɱˣҲˣѵ˻Ϊ˳ͷɣ
ڿɳ³С׼Լ˼׷ɱһ¼йأÿϵ¼ҸĴޣɳ³С
ǵѣȻһֱǿӲҪԼô֣ʼԼǲ鱨˶ֵĵȼ
ƾ׷ӬıʾԼԷĹ㣬ֵٶȵȷҲǶǵӣǵһҲǡ
ԷٶҲֻҪ
ףԷƺͣˣ
ź˫Լʱʱͨ׷ӬĹ۲ȴЩ˵ѵǶԷ֪ܲԼˣ
룬ͷӦþܰˡ
թҴ˳Ǽ
ɳ³һأͳ˵Եĸıǰ·ƺ
˵ǰĺݣ㵱ǼҲֱȥȺµӰӣɳ³ɲȡСĵľٶԼƺȶסź̽һȡ


105 ոʹ
ָϻĺ챦ʯವһǶһϵٿسֵİС
ҹΪģ֮ܵȴǲ֪жٴµĸĶ
ʦ
ĽʦҪǰʩα䶯أ
ֻҹݿƷ֮ͫǿ϶ȣܹǿսأûʩϵϣܹͬʱٿĸҲ޷ȫܷӳ
ǰֻռжԸ޹ֵһΣǰù
һΣҲɹĻɱ۲ѾԽְҵ׷޹֣
⡭
ǵڶʹã
Ϊʱȣʩ޵Ĺϵû취ݳ޵нڵ㶼ʩãȻɴϵħ棬ҪĺĽڵȴѾ滻ӳ֣
һöʯӦԤ󱻴ҹҲһ̾Ϣ
ɶǮһаӰǹʽ˵
ƨվӽбѾԶѸٰĸӰ
ŸˣǣҲûмµģǿҰɳ³Ǳһ˲õĴˡ
׷ЩҹԤƣϵ¼۷ʱҲò˶ǿϡ
һˣֻСûմ϶ˣһ˶ٶȣô
źǹĶƺڵȴԼһ˵Ӻ󣬳ڽڰȫ̧ʾͣ£ɳ³ǱҲѾˣİΧѷɡ
ֻǶǵĻȼպһҲһС鷳ѣҲ΢Ҫһ¶ǷӵһЩһԵıˡ
ɳ³⣬ԼľӢԴʧκһǳ֮ܲʹ
ɳ³ϻϣ
ȻѯʣźŲȴ˿һ㶼ûȳֵ˼Ҳͬûü˳ֵ˼
ֱպʵԼɳ³ȫѹȼպ״̬ȻԼȫѣΪ޶ȵļСʧźûԼڼüСϵϰߡ
ͬΪ˿ԲһȻҲ׼ɳ³ȳˣԼôˣҵ˶֣͵óԼ飬ɳ³ǺдԹôԼֽԹã
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ѽѽҾ֪ɳ³Ϲĺܣ׼Ӷţһ㶼û˵ҵô
¶һЦݣҹ΢Ʋͷۿ󷽵ɳ³ƺ˵һ˵űҲЩап
û˵嵱ҸߵǱôҲû˵ͷ˹֮Ӱɵ˹̹Ҿô
ýֺͷ붼֪ǵİֿ϶֪ɳ³˹̹ҰΪ֮һԼ˵ĻҲԶҡǺĹϵ
ȻԷԼڵʱ䣬Ϊβ˵˵أԼʲôʧ
ߣ졣
źһȫΪıЦȻǿڷˣǷ֤һŻɵӡ
˵һһ͸˺쳾ɮ붨һɳ³ȴ治ɫֻǵ
ôĹˣոպðɣ˵
ɳ³δ䣬ȱصĳŵ¡
䣡
ľɳ³±ȫѹڵأ粨һɢȥ
ֻԭְҵ۷㹻ɽʯǿײʱȴƺǻһĸְһ㣬ܰΧļ˶ܹеһԵĴ𶯣ƫƫɳ³´ûܵ˿𻵣
Ͽյӽһħ·ɳ³֮ʱγĵ۵ħƣҹΪĽ˶˽ȥ
ƺɳ³һż̤ڵȫΪ˷ݷ׷ɣ
ǣ
ԭһоյźĲмܵŵƴвɫһ䡣
Լ˵㲻̫ǿ󣬵ǵнְҵȴǡ
Ϻܹģҵֲֲʧš
һԭмǹӰӰһ㻺䵭ٴγʱѾһһżҵǸֱ
żұְҵǿߣͻƵְҵ׵ʱͻִµΣƹżеū⣬ʵȨȲֳϻʵҲ϶⣬ټ仹δʮְҵǿߵ˵дѴѵӡ
ֻû뵽ֻǲμһȭŴΧһԷȼպģԼȫΧ۾ͺõľԼȴȳΪ˹Ŀ꣡
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뷨Ҳ͵ΪֹڸոոܵһУʹñŤǰĻǲתǻδɢȥĽϤͷ塣
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106 
Ⱥְҵ׵ǿ߽û˿ֿıĨɱֻĴ̼ڳˡ
ڳÿһλǵλȻְҵǿߣʱҲһּ𺳣
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ֻһηֹԷǽţɱΧ˻ȻôλǴ󽫣
˵жδﵽĿģĿëûжѾɹˣⶼһ޷ܵľ޴ʧ
ԭ˶ǿߣΪ˷ֹ𣡷ֹԷѺŻ
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αǸ־ŵĿǰӰμԷֳʵѾǲең
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ѾȫӦ˽׼󣬶ԷƼ˻Ҫ顣
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˲Ϣնɱ˵Ѿȫ߽ǵģ
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źͷҲѪżҵ̸ʵ躹޻ۺڿϵ¼֮ϣһǵнְҵǿߣȴȻѾ˵˼߲
Ҫ֪γˣǳ˴żеǿߣԭ˵öԷǽ˼һǿˮԳĶ񣬿ȴֲûʲôá
һڶԷºѾǵĶȼպԼˮˣھȻԼ֮ǰܲлȼպģ
нְҵǿ߰Ȼͬм̴һĴݿ࣡
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źѾΧµķʽƽֺͷĻںޡʹѪҲȫ⣡
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һֱָ̳ҹҪħ˷ħ˸ź˼ƿ㱻浲סҲҹǰܹͨܵסģ

΢ƣ΢ǣܹâ㽣ħȻҹ˹ȥֻ·һӣ
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һɵջأԱȵһҪٶȴɱ˵ڶ

Ȼǲ֮壬ж˼ҡ
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һ˵꣬ҹһߵֺݺݵӡ˵棬һħΪĵɢ˱ཬһ˵档
ոȥ֮Ǳһɨһ޿ӣȴʲôûУֻпӱɫѿɳ³
ôôͷ
ȻַΪβã
һ뵽ɫٴһ䣬ͳװŹͷӬӬäĿķй켣󣬲˶Է⡣
ѹһʧķҿ֮սѪܹ⣬ԼҲͬɢѪȻζԴҲһͬ˳ųĿȻǿ˳̶ȣ
Ǻεȵʧ̬
ûֱӲùԷ󣬶ǿǰðվҪǵթģû뵽ȻǱһ
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뵽ɳ³Ҳ̾˿ͷһһ±Ƶź󣬱ͷҲĳһȥֱ뿪żҵһˡ
Ȼñӻס˺ܶˣȻԼ¼ҲǾģרҵ׵Ĵǻû˽·ϲߣôԼͷһĶҲлȥɡ
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107 
һ˫ֳŵˤУҹ̲סһڼĩѪͬʱ̲סɿ˼סĴϢţȫЩ
˼ľȻҲɥʧƶˡ
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ҲȷǰԼæ
ȻȵıӦҪԼһ·׷ģҹԼȴǽֱսˡ
⵹ͻȻıҲǵ˾ʱϾޣܽѪȫת·ҪʱܽԴʱЧʧˣ治ܹѶ֡
ȻˣǻһƱģʵҲ֤ˣȻΪ׷ЩϣջǶӮˡ
ǰмǿزãʹ˴ʩϽǿԼʹõףԼϡоᣬѾǳְҵ׵ķ룬ٶϸǲܵǣǿˣ
ӲʵѪ֮Ǵﵽֲֿսɱнְҵǿߣشǿߣ
ֻվǿѾЩĿǰǸǿϰٽ𵴣Լɳ³ϵµɱвһ£ʱҹӳȥҲܴء
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һӲһߴȵǷԴǱǲԼյ⣬ȵȫųɾٽһվȫOKˡ
ɲܸ˵̫磬ʼɳ³Ϻأһﻹץäƨˡ
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ϴʱԼѡԶǵ·߲Ϊȫģ·ȥѡ
ȻĿǰԼ״ҪҸطˣĿǰʱѹƣûҩİҪԼȫָȴҲ൱֮ѣʱƶ񻯣
Ŀǰ״̬ᴩѷƽԭмķգرѾ뺮֮ѷƽԭϲ׼붬ĴɱħޣкųƹͨڤİӰ硣
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ϻһʦۣͷϻżⶥñڷ̺ϵظУȫһзʦӡ

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֪ѾܹԼоҹ۾
ӳģһεضĺΰ޳ǣǹƽԭҲ޷ƽ̯ĴڸС
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108 
ҹĵǲûɭĹϼ壬и߲ȨԽΪȣͬľҲΪпͼҡ
ֲпͼңҲͬӳǵĸ棬ΪƽԭеķģԶ˹̹
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ְҵǿߵĿȴԶԶ˹̹˹̹һЩҰְҵǿҲͻƵλȴ֮ࡣ
ְҵĿĻϣλְҵ׶˵ǿҲ˹̹һƵöֻ֮࣬ͨǰǴսǿߵȴ޷˹̹ȡ
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Ϊְͨҵ׷ʦĿʮˣ֮ĸְרҲв֮ͬ仹ܹ۽ټϸԴϵѧͽվǸÿլħоܺļһܹġ
ͨ
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ڽǰרҵ״
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Ϊò¶һӪҵЦݺСƺЩ˵
ҹĵ׾һ飬Լڽҿɻ·ϴٵǵҲֻʣµһϼˡ
֮һǾͣҩʦᣬҹȻҲĿȷҪȻˣѰͻ
ҪͼȥζҩͼҩмҩмҩͼڸҩҪѲݡѿƶ
ıһҹŲһ䡣
ҲǻԱǮܲòϴ潻
ۡ
ҹĻ䣬ǽӴС綼û˵ʲôȴ̲סһЦ
ðҰʦŶһҪֲҩ䷽һȴչϴҩҩģûǮ˷ʱòãϴҩôεĶôյöء
ҹԺƲͷһۣͿһòΪοɰһѧͽۣɢഺϢʮŮƺΪ̫Ĺϵ󻹽۾¶˰׻ֱۡ
ֻ˵òɶԷȴ̫ҹˬˣܺӣƲǷۿְҵ״֣һƿϴҩĲ϶򲻵ĻǺС
λ治˼ԻϴҩĲϵȷǲ۵ġ
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109 ӿ
ŶЦĴ֣ԵЩûûεļһҹǺ̬ܿ
ȸ⼸ҩ䷽ԼһЩӦĲϰɣһһħʯӦܹͨðɡ
ҪҪͻƱҲõԼȫָٽеģǾȻһɣЩȥζ;ҩ䷽ʲôģҲΪһα׷ζĿġ
̫ߵĻɫ޷ȥܹĵͼ׷Ʒȴ㹻ˡ
ħʯȻԣСħʯۼһٽңҪЩƷҪһʮöңѾĨȥҺͭҵͷħʯĻö׼λħʯɡ
ҹ˵ħʯ棬εС絹۾΢Զ˲١
ڽΪҵͨԣħʯħħΪħƷҲͬӲͨңħ˿ܲβ룬ܹи׼ħʯҪȶ١
ΪӲĹϵħʯ10%20%ңλӴСŻģҩʦôߴϵĵطʮöҵĲҲ㹻ˡ
Զ绹ȽȱʶҹȻһ㣬һȥʮöңǸǮһˬ졣
ֻΪ·һЩⷨõ⣬ڸöħʯ󣬵ռжһĲϻлɱߡϵµսƷֻʣö׼λ൱һλƬʯƬˣѻǽָϵöʯˡ
ЩʽĲϣˡ
ҹҪĶȻ٣ǱȽͨõƷϣֻԭص˲һӶȫ׼ˣӹһĶɨһȷҲת뿪
˵ϴҩĲϻû㵽ιĿҲѾﵽˡ
ֻתʱȻǸԼŮѧͽȻԳԵЦţûиôЦ
˵ŮҪͨ˵ģϧҹոյļɵӰ̡̫
˵ΪԣǺϲŮ
̵ӡӢŵʥʿСͳˣΪȹԵʲ̫ų⣬ŮرƯŮԾܻһ֡ŮҪޡ뷨
ΪԭҲûйű˵˼һ뿪һ߾ֹűƵ૵
ЦøǸƽش֡
Ȥζƫƫ⡰Ůѧͽ
ڶԷɫ¶ŭı׼֮ǰŵĨ͵ˡ
ܵĸоˬ

ŴӪǼȵʮöңҪĴ򲻵һʵùݣϷḻʳȴҲ㹻ӻ
һ·ϵɶˣȻħӪḻ㣬ҲұϾôãеʳҲҪһЩ
ħɣһڴ͹ֻ֭Ҫһң
ȻԶԶ޷ͬȣȴҲþò֪ζҹĽ֭ˡ
һеҹͬѧ˿û˵Ŀ⣬ºͷһͷԼµķУĲ˼ͿʼͳԼԵ϶һװĵ
ţȵҩԣԼѾԽԽѹסˡ

ǽҩʦһׯ԰ڡ
һŮϢķУһεŮıԼһŮӱԹ
ɯ㶼֪ǸһжɶԼûŪħˮļֵ󶼻һƨӣɺ޵˵ˣɶ񰡣˼ˣҪ
ҧСȭͷλεŮƺȫʲȥ
ɯĿڿϣͻǰĺΰƳһŮһɢ̬˵
֪Ҳ£֪Լ͵֣Ӧ
УԼʼ̫ƨˣҪϴҩĲϣͺҲӣߡɯ㵽վһߵ
Ůһ˵ӣҲûȥˣƺɯΥ۵ӡ
ɯò״˹̹ĵӳӦöǺܵİɣҪ㣬˵ҲˣԼɯöûˣò仯ôԼȻ۾ϳˣҲԵְɡ
һ뵽Ůƺǳһ˿ãȻĺһš
һߵģ˭֪ء
ŮıԹɯһ˿ϷʣǹһаĻȣƵ

żҴԺ
ֱϻѪıźû˵һסǰǱӰһı˵
˵ʲôϵ¼Һͷ˹֮Ӱ๴Ļ֣蹷ƨ㾹ƭңҪ㣡
ҪʱԱߵ߲һץסźֱֹĶɫ˵
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˴ﵽĿģɳ³ϵΪЧǿֲЩʧʲô
ɳ³ϵСͻȻĪˣ½½ҴǻͷϸŲ֮󣬷ϵ¼ҾȻĻֵĿԻҪ
֮ǰɳ³ѾŵļϡƷǽǶԸͨļֵѣʧȫȣ
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110 
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ȻʱȫȥǶԷжֻԼǳ˿Ҫ취ֻ
ǰµʱ䣬Ҳһһĵ壬ҩ⣬ȫ˿ϣҩҲȫϴϴҩĵǿģû˷ʱϰ
Ͼϴҩĸӳ̶ȱмҩָҩʲôҪ߲٣ϴεĵҲû˷Ѷʱ;档
ˣְҵ׵ǿҩϣȫµʱȥҲûȫ
ɳ³ϵµһ֮ȷԼܹģϱǸ߸ɵ˸ǿBuffǰ˹̹ǵһЩµ˶ûȫãȫһȷʵ
ǰ˵ǻδȫôǲӰʵˣΪһǿսľ뾫ջ񣬴ʱܹӳۺҪǰȫʢʱڸѡ
ֻǼ״òҪ޵ʹ˸Ϊ˷ȫþܲþͲãһԾͽ
һʲô޷ֲ𺦣ⱾͲ㶥츳ѩϼ˪
ѡ÷ʦݽѡȷģǰ״ҲʺµڸģǰӰǹĺĿԳһˡ
ȫջغҹɳƬ̣˵ᰵӰĻԼ֮ĵѶٴӣԱ뾫츳вһ档
Ͼ״ʺڸͻƣ֮öڸʱҲҪǹĸţֻҪ˫˫ͻƵʱٵ˳ĻӰ컹ܹܵķΧ֮ڡ
ֻǿµʱڸĺᣬҪϴҩҲҪƷʵˣɱҩ
ǵ΢׼һºҹ뿪լ˺ܾõùݷ䣬֮뿪ϲ⣬һԭǡ
ûǮˡ
ͣҩˡ
ʮöҲˣɱϾ˵״̬ÿͨĻѪӦϣϵħɳǽȻͺܿԵòˡ
ʣµħҪ׼ͻʽģǰҪҵһǮĳ·С
߳ùݣֵ̧˵ֱ۾⣬žΥⲿҹϻеһ˿Ժ֮ĺ⡣
µʱ䣬ǵͷ˾޴ĸı䣬ж˰ɵһƬѩ
ԭϵȻǱ仯޳
һţҹٴֱҩʦȥ
·ǵҩʦᣬҹһչڣȵǰһλҩҩũǴݵóƿɺмҩ׼ۡ
ʱƿϾѾȶʹõҩıҩЧͳ־õĻָҩƿҩȻҪóˣûػѪ
ļֵٽҵĶУȥͼֽ䷽һٽʣµĲϴҩʮݣмҩмָҩĵƿɱϼ۸Ŷöҡ
ֻҪɹóͨмҩ۸ʮ嵽ʮöϸˡ
ҹԾԼƿӦͨƷҩж㲻ˣûЧ⣬ӽƷˣһƿʮӦȫû⡣
ʽȥһһԼָҩһٳҩĻȫû⡣
ϾҩʦǱҵⶼǸ߼ѧͽóҩǳɹʵĻаٷ֮İٵˡ
ҹδ㽣һһ߶ܵǮʱλչĹԱŮȴǲסüͷƿϷʲôƺûҵԼҪĶ˵
λǱǸ֪ҩĴ˽ûҵ
һ˵λƺǸչûõŮҩƿŵĿǰЦĺáĿˡ
ûҩʦƺͨõʲƿôôƭֽӣǰǿڿഫĻ
һЩʧαкҩҪɻƭǮˣԣһģһǿ׾Ҫӵġ
һ뵽λչԱȴǸӽˡ
ʲô
һɻҹҲƺԼʲôطûŪġ
ҩ֤ݵķŻּ
սСȭͷչԱС˵
ŶԭҪ
ûʲô˵ҹɽƿҩٴν˹Ȼ󵱳ͳذ׿ٿ׵ƿϿһҹֶ֣ص˹̨ϡ
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һ߼е˵ţչԱһ˫ֽڳһXӣֿڲá
ҹȴҲ˶Էʲô˼ûиԼƿмҩЧӽƷˣǾȻɡ
һҹҲܿع˾
ǵĽҹҲܹʾ⣬ҩϴҩº͵ģƷϴҩ۸񶼱ԭҪ׬ͷҩһĶԣʵҩȴҪġ
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ҹЩ۵ʵ꣬ϵȷʮöҶˡ
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ΪһϸչԱڸǺġ
ڲμӿˡ
뺮֮µĿ˻ʱ䣬ȥʮҪ֧ʱĲϷá

ܵĶҹǲе˶ˣôſڱտھǮ߹ҩʦǮϵһײװ
ĳ˴ʱȫԼΪ˻ʽҩĳԡ
ߺߵĽƿҩջҹתߣʵڲоȥֻħʽɣʣµıʯħʲôĲǲˣӰǹĵʽ㶫ģԸѵȥҲ־򲻵
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ŪҹҲɾһԭǰħʦɵܻԼ֮רҵ״оѾ˹ַ̹ٴ١
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ҹҲǲϳȺţ۽ǵⲻϹ۲λרҵ״С
ԷûпϢȻܱ˴Ӱ죬ȷԶԶְҵܹġ
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ȵĹħӲǿ׳ӿɢһвĸ˫ֺʮ
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112 Ǯ
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һЩȥҰԣ߸֪ܹħ޽ӵѱħְҵ⣬ģѱҰħȴ൱֮ѵģ
Ȼ֮һİңȴѪ츳ӵֶصļҴ
˵ֻһǿߣǿԴҩǿжģսԵеףҲûʲôͻļҴսɣѪ֮Ҳս޹أȴǾԵĺġ
κһǶܼΨźļİ
嶮ȡʧմ£壬սμ⣬ǵĻȨҲ֮ס
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޷ܹ޷ܣҲֻȷԼаˣҲûȥˣûȥսƶȡ
֮ҩҴҼǡס֮ūгҲΪҹǵĵūгС
߹հ˹յһҹҵͼֽϱǵǸˣٽöóǰǴ󲽳뿪˽ȥ
Ͽһһụ̄ȥԱ󣬱ǳɹһūڣһͨµͨ

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˸͵ƺƺԶ޷̨󷽵ɫƿ۲ƿװصĺɫԼ˷ɳƵΪЩζ
ҩƿǿһƿвԣҪԵūûС
ҹ˵ĻûʲôӦ䵭ɲҩעؿڱĵطҩǲûֱӲҩЧɾЩ
Ѿ˵ôֱˣλȻܾÿΪ˺ͼūȥˣһ첻˵Ľвټ򵥲ˡ
ҩЧƽ׬һūЧ˵ĻܳûҪ⳥ֶΪ
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ҩЧģûбʾںҩֻܳʮ𡣡
ޡҪлõҩҩЧҺûЧ⣬ѾΪӽʵƷڰ˺ͳ־ƷЧҪѣһƿмҩļֵʮңңֻҪʮԼһЩǵƷ
ƿԵҩǷȫūϣҲˡ
ҹָӣֱӸԼĵߣϾó֣ôҲҪȰҩʱ˵ıѸŪ
ʱҩʦݣſʱɹƿϾֵʮҩΪǮǮܹɵĿʼϸԣ
Լ׼жǰ֮ΪԼĴҪôھԼ׼Ƶ·ĵһ
ҹҩֵ׵İգҲĲ˶Է˾ӦҲˬ죬ϾȫնԷҪһҲжʮҵ׬ͷģҪǽӴÿͻͷˡ
ϰδϣʮöңٱһƿƿ޹޵ĸҩƷҹεջҲΪ⣬ϾԼȷûܹԼҪĶѾˡ
ţ֮ͨǰһЩսְֱ֣ҵ׵ǿҩǺ٣˵ܹ󣬵ְҵܹЩӰҩƷġ
رԽԽ˳ֵġXXOɢҪоŶ屾ųּҩƷ
´ǮҪ㵽䷽Լ취оǿһ¡
ȴ棬ҹּԼլùݷģֻʱŵĽ϶ҩȫɨһ顣
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УԼС첲Сȵʲôȥרҵ׵Ĵӣܹȹһ߲Ѿˣѵȥϴǵݰȥĳλ¸صǰܣ
˳ùľԼ潻׹ɻòʵһЩרҵ״ǵıϢģ֪ԽԽľջֱȷһߡ
Ůǲμҩʦ˵ģʮҲˡ
λƺʳӴҹˬͳԼеĽ˵
Զҹ̵ʳǰңҧ˼ȷα˿˵Ǽǣ˵
ʮıãҪ;ǿ˲ϵĹԼʹ÷ãӼ۵ĻѡȡԼΪóͬȼҩðղϲ۲ҩƿһԵιԴǮ򡣡
ǳ˳ҹɿһЩȻ˵
û⣬ѾԴˣڻҩʲôĸǲõģȫҩá
һӲҹһĵҲĬĬᣬԼֵĲϼֵҲߴＸˣͷȻΪʮöôģˡ
ȵͨԼһҪҩʦ׬СǮǮ


113 
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ҩʦʸ˵ܽгҩʦʸ֤ǳҩʦҲܹҩʦעڰʽҩʦˣݵλ˵Ѱĸ߼ְҵǿ߻ߡ
ÿһεĿƵѾ൱ˣ˵ҩʦʵǱȺ
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ҹɿһԼΣתص㡣
𣿱Ͼͨ˵ļ̫ˣֱסʮεҲڰֻҪбֻûͨʽʸ񣬻֤ѧͽʸҲܹԼҩóġ
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ٺٺ٣ҵˣȻ˵Ǵ֣λŭҿǰˮƽμҩʦˣߺߺߡ
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УԽվ̨ϸǺ܇Nɪǲǡ
ߣһܹͨˡ

ԭҩʦʽʦǣܲǵĳפʦй˵ļһǡ
ʼԼһȴѧͽˣǰ⼸桤


114 
ȻǼΪϲļһӰ˿򣬵ȻκεطȨһ˵ģ̨λϸ˲ûΪС¶ʲôʾ̨µЩѧͽǾ͸Ӳ˵ʲôġ
ˣ˹涨ЩвĿԽѯʣôձ˳ÿʮһ飬һʮſǰпˡ
ϸ˵˿ϸ󣬱ֱ˿˿ʼ
ҹЩǣ˾ȻͬʱУҾȻÿ˶ֻһλᣡ
ǲе̫ˣʧͳӦöǺܳĲǣȻǷʦ࿼һֱֹ򣬺ܿܿ˹л鿴裬ǿ
վֻڶ࣬ɹʵ͵ĳˣÿϻ̫ྫ
ǰʮλĿǰѡϣȻûһѡǻƲϣǼӼѡġ
̫ݳ˰ɣȻѡϣôö˷
Ϊ˺ľƤѶýʾ֭ܳҹȫ޷ǵݳΪʵڱﲻסֹ˸֪ѧͽһġ
СӾȻʼ볡ʱҿͼڣĬϵĻҩ֮ԱˣΪҩĲԽΪڣͬʱɹҲƫͣ˵˭ðա
ܹ뿼˵˭ȱôҡ
Ϊ˳򼸺ǵ׵ҹ˵ֹҲͽ֮ԺˣʱûѵõĻᣬƴǰ׼ռλùĦĦ˵ַ
ͨ˵Ҫ۹۲˵ַõǼǲܵģȻΪӵƷ֮ͫѾ˶ʮöĿĵҹ˵Ⲣʲô¡
ܹϸȡǰݣͬʱݿ⻹ڽиٵԱȡ
µһʮȫѧͽķʦҹȻջ
Ͼ˵ҩʱ仹̫ˣƵĴҲ̫ˣҲ֡
¶ԷѧͽɼȻпˣҲרҵ˸ˣ;鷽Ļ˵һ˶걬ҹ
ĸδ֪ĶεıʹãʹãһȻȫʹãȻ΢СĲ𣬿ɺȷһϵжǵ϶ûнܹĻɣЧҲֱżܽ⡢ɢεӡֲȵЧ
ѹѹʦ۵Ķñ۾ӰУɺͫ׻ת缢ƿʵ̰ǰ֪ʶ
ѹֲԼַж׼жСʼûƳɹһҩԭѧͽ׶ΣԼôļûѧᣬ϶Ǽһŵϲȫ氡
ҹӵBUGһݿܹԾͽдƵݲУֻ˳֪ƣȫûӴ֪ʶͼ޷ƾɡ
ϾЩɶǻıƸҹݿҪųʼ㿪ʼݵĵزҲء
ֱӿʼӱ֪ʶ󣬶෽λԱƵٶȴ쳣Ѹ١
ʱƣһĿ½ԼƷû;ˣȫ̹۲ҹȴ֪Ȼƶ˳ƷҩȴһƿûС
ȫҩһƿеҩȫˣȻ̫ЩϵҩЧȥ˳Ҫ¡
Ȼϸ˽ֻ΢鿴һ£˽һ߼ѧͽмѧͽĴ඼ǳѧͽһѧͽʸûлá
ͨ˵ıܹ߼ѧͽһмѧͽȽ˷ܣƺǳɹԭȵȼ⣬˶һʧɫƺԭȾݻԤĿ겻һ
ο˵ĵһȻһ߼ѧͽʧȥʸҲֻһˡ
߼ѧͽѾܹǿƷϴҩˣСӡ
ϣҲܹͨ
ֻҪмѧͽͺá

ܵҹȴҲ˽һβμӿ˿ǵˮƽ϶ҩѧͽݣȷǺܲˣѹ޼ô
ȻڶУȻһ߼ѧͽûУѧͽʸûõĶмѧͽûһϸ߹롣
ҹû͹ϵƷ֮ͫϢһ£ѧͽļɷȥôͨôĿĶԱȣѾռĲˡ
ͲʵʱҳʺԼַ
ʮһʮԼʼѡڵʮſǰпˡ
ǳδƺǿ˼ˣҹʮҲС
Ǿʾ
Ƴٿˡ
ҹıʾϸû˿鲨ǵ˵
Ϊ˱ܵӰ죬ҲصؽճλãҪƳٿˣһξǺʽʦһͬμӡ
֮μҪĿһǰǵķɡ
ҹЩ㬵˵
ϣǰô棬ȻûһʹõǻϵģҩԵ˽̶ȲäĿϵĻҪһԳɹѶȵģ߼ѧͽ϶û⣬Ҫʽҩʦʸͺˡ
Ȼˣǻǵһʽʦʱʹõļ԰ɡ
뵥μӿˣҪ֪صؽ⼸ϼһںԭģóóȻ۲쳬ȼļɻǵķӰġ
һֱû¶ʲôϸˣʱҲƤ˴һһû˵ǣһô˵ע½пˣ׷ʧ
ȷ
ҹ϶ĵ˵ͷڿʼԷϸ￼һȨģֻǰֻһеļһһˡ
һߣҧгǰ̨ı˿ȴһһȭڿеĸоصѡڣΪ˺һ𿼣Լ߳ļɺݺ
һﾹȻѡӱܣԸһ˳ҲԸⱻԼ
ҲϳԼ֪ԼĴˡ
ߣˣԼӳԼʵһ¡
ף
ѧͽһ鿪ʼ˵ʱҹٴοѪ֮ϸĶеһȽŮ
Ȼż¼ɣͨҩԵĹɻϳ̶ȣһ˳ĻοĿǰɶߵһˣʽҩʦеǿԳͨ߼ѧͽܶ࣡
־ô£־һ͵׺ʹöԷڲٿصʱͨѧͽҪϸڵöࡣ
Ѫ֮𣿺˼Ϣ
ҹϸҲѵ¶ɫԱʽʦҲС
ǰҵǵѪ֮ĽȻսûмӳɣְҵǷϵְҵа
µŬŬˣҪǱһСѾͷƬӱȥǾͶ󷢿
ˡ
ʱƽ˿еҩˮƿڷڵҩãֱӰ̨ϣ졣
лβסϲɫ͵⣬ڷŭĴ̼£ԼȻˮƽˣɹһƿϸķѪҩ
ȻʽҩʦƵҩȴҲԼͻˡ
εĿŸ𿼺˵ϸˡ
ҲΪʵ̫࣬Աߵļ˾ȻܵӰ죬ʧܵģʣµļ˲ǿװѿɫȻҲǶʧˡ
ʼϸ˵ľ沢Σ
츳ʵŬǵȥʱŸոմﵽ߼ҩѧͽżڣȻһܰ䷢ʽҩʦʸ㣬ȴܹ׼ҩʦʸ
Ͼƹطѡ˶ĲðַҲܿ϶´οˣȻܹϵõʽ֤ʸһʦѧͽʽҩʦ
ϸϸ˵ĻºȫŮ͹ϲ
Էְ߼ʦѧͽ˵˵˲õˣԱҩ츳ȫˣ
ѧͽʽҩʦ붼£ɹְҵǸöֲ
Ұ
洫ѱ⣬ܿҪһ֧ҵˡ
ͬŹƵҹʱĵҲȻħ츳˵Էȥĵ϶ܰҩ츳˦ˡ
ĸѪȷɫ
ԴҹȻҲǷĵ̾ġ
ţǷЩ˷ܵŮһƳԼʾƵüë
һ˲䣬ҹνĵ̾ͱˡ
˵ôôˣⲻǴ𡣡
ֹȴƫƫñֱ̬Ӱѱ˿ըˡ


115 
ȫǡҹڵĶǰĿ̨׼ȴͷϷϳ
Լ֮Ӻϧ뿼ˣΪľѧϰʽʦǵɡ
ǰǸҵŮ˵ʵѾΪӽʽҩʦˮƽˣ䱾ľΪȴһЩַʹãȫǿѪĸ츳ǿѧͽֶζġ
ԼûѪ岻¼λʽʦүַԼҪѧϰ֮ء
ʱǰյѧͽԼ֮ĿͨҲɻ࣬ԼվǵһֻҩôСĶΪ
Ͼοʧˣȵ´ֵöһˣڼԼҪ⺮֮׬ǮǶԼָĵϲٵĽȡ
λʽʦпˣѸλһ£֮԰Ǽλ󣬾ǵַɳӰ죬Ҳһ뿴ҲͿǣҪȥģºѧϰδַ֪ǲܹӴġ
ΪҹѡأֻǵǸոջһºİ󵼣λֵϸٴβ䷳һ¡
ʽʦ̨ѧͽǾȻһζһζоƷʲͬʽʦ̨ͬʱͿʼֱ÷ʦ֮Ž˸Ԥ
ԱѧͽǵֶΣȥҪħûö࣬Ҫӵö࣡
ħѧͽǹ֮ûְҵģô޷úͶӰ˲ͽ׷ҪֲϣƵʱѴﵽ˫뷨ʦ֮һĶϡ
ʽʦȫԽʦ֮ȫӳ䱾;ⱾһרΪ˸ħʵħķ
ͬʱŷʦֲ֮ʹõֶΣҲһһʹ˳ڹ۲ֱ˫ֵѧͽƣ۲ǵֶѶҪöࡣ
ҹñµͫתٶȶɼ࣬εķʦֶ֮ȫһħġ
ޣȻܹĶģ͵ṹʹҩϣֱӾ𵽱ҩԲʧںϡ߻á
Ȼ⼸λ桤ֶεȷûҹ׵ȣǶĲ֮һЩַãѧͽܹﵽġ
ǸҵŮҲû취
ַַֻ
ȵλʱҹȴҲе
ɶҪӸ߳ҲΪ׼ֻ֮һ˵ĳƷܹλҵŮһ˽ӽ˾Ȼ硣
ŵһͷһ֧ɫðݵҩܹ˵֣ѹֵԼû֤ҩգְͰˮļһȷ̫ˣҹûܹԼͦƿҩ
ʲôҩ
ϧҩҩ͵ģѪҺͶԣ̱̫أֻҪԴϴҩˣӦǲȥģʵüֵ͡
˵īԹԵĸħʦΪҪˣ˷Լľʱ䡣
ϸ˿ƿðݵɫҩü˵
סڣϷֻһʧѣ´һܹɹߺߣħһ;վͨģҸħʦʵܹͨתҩʦʵ
ǱͷԺҲһ죬ֵ˵
ȻլˣʦеҲǶ٣˵ڸħƿҪչչǷܹҵͻƿ
ħһ;վͨġ仰ҹͬģѧӻѧѻѧһһĳֱʻĳ̶ȣħĸҲǻͨġ
˹̹±еǿ磬ȴ˸ҩ븽ħѧͽ
ҲͲһַôˣƳɼõˣͷҪϵġ
ҹõʱ򣬼λʽʦĳɼҲͳˣһ˳ɹʽҩʦʸ
ʽʦԣСӵ귨ʦ϶¶˼ЦݣʽʦĵλȷԶְҵףܳɹһӦĸҵûǿ֧֯Ԯֵ֧ͨʦǺѴﵽԸˮƽģϾʵоҪķѴʽ
ɹǰݺ󣬶İҲǾ޴ģϾԵʽʦҲһˣھȡʽҩʦݺѵá
ֻΪǰǸҵŮޱ֣λʽҩʦĺ䶯ҪС˲٣ϾڵֶǸһ֮Ǳ츳޷Ůȡ
ԼҲȻһ㣬Ҳǵ͵ͳסϸȡһö£ŹԱǰеǼˣûʲôʾ
ʣµļλûлʽҩʦʸְҵ׷ʦǣ̸̸һرͷһΪϲӡ
ףˣҼǵûиС֮ǰӳٿˣ˰ɣϽġ
īıͷƺʲôͻȻ˵˵ĿҲľۼҹϡ
ðɣӳٿ˵еעĿˣοһﵱڴһ䡰㡱ʹ˲˵ģĳλŮĿ£˶֪һͲô³ƺš
ѾĲ˵ҹνڹ۲ʽʦǵַʱİɸ˼֣ǵһƣǰµĵӺָݿɹѾˡ
ɾҹ׼ǰο˵ʱһе㲻ʱǴӲſڵλô˹
Եһ£ûüμεĿ˱Ҫʱӳ֪ɷ񡣡
£һŻѧͽۣòеȣЦݴһ˿ӴӲ˳
ӿȥʮͷһһ֮䶼һǽѧͽϵľſǸ˵ʽʦҲһ֮ң
ӵĳֿ֣˵ϸ˲ɵüͷȻʶӣҶԶԷ;뿼Щ
ֻȻԷʱܹȻҲ˵˶ԷݴҩʦᣬĳЩʱҲҪһЩӣǰ֡СҪչһκεطȨֵĴڡ
Ȼвϸ˻ǿ˵ͷ
һûʼһͬɡ
˵ǲᣬվ̨ϵҹƺܵ˲ûɶɫ
˵ӿȥλһ㣬ڳıϾǸ߹ķʦѧͽʱܶҲûʲôĵرǵıѧͽƺŵ
ҵλү
Ȼҩʦкܴ߰ҵСɼճǱ߾˷Ӧ
ҲΪΪ˱˿СģҼ¢ȫǵҩгϰңҲֻܲȡ£ֶβǡ
мưɡ
˵׼Ͼ˿С仹Сκ͵ġ

ȻߵҵĴүõɺ󣬾Ȼûеһʱǰ̨ϣȥصغͱ˿˸кϲһ
ȵϸ˲ĿһºƵ̨ǰ
ͬʱòѺõĶҹЦЦ
λ̨ǲ˼Щʱ䡣
Ŷû£ʼɡ
ҹһνı˵ͬʱȴĥţƺ˹̹ҲУҲһţ֪ûʲô
ҹνı飬ү¶Ϊѵɫǫѷı˵
⡭Ȼţ޷ͬ˿С׼ҩʦʸ񣬵ǿӦûܹø߼ѧͽʵģ̨ܵӰȿʼ
ӿȥһΪҹõӣȴ԰һʵ
ЦοʱټصظϹϧССһλҩʦĸ᳤ΪڰǸҩʦŮǰ¶ӡ
ȻҪ뷽跨Ľŵ㶼ֳǻһԱȵĽ̲ģȻʱֻʣһ˵¾ֻܴջˡ
ûǼķʦۡЩ۵ؼ˵ԷϸҶҸոպͱ˿кжܹλ
ضȻҪ󻯵
öԷȿʼȻԼտļɳԽֶԱȻҪĿµӡҪ̵öࡣ
ԷġġȰ˵ҹȴһϴֵı˵
ûû£ȰɣĥӦûʽҩʦˮƽģȶ¶Ӱ졣
ĥӦûʽҩʦˮƽġ
ҩʦˮƽġ
ˮƽġ
˿ԵԴĻʱȫ˶һ
رүǸоԼĲǫ̃һСƻˣȻ˲Լڳԡ
ߣ
һҲٶ̸ͷȫ¶Ĳϣҩʦְҵȫ˳
һߵҹʱҲûЪţֻ˵ĶñЩˡ
ʱֻǻƲϣʱʱһ˿Ʒһ£һ߶߶дʲҩԵӡ
ǰɣڲҩԣ
ǻҩҩ
ӦòǰɣܾǼһҩĵƷΰɡ
ǿſԹڸ𣬲ʱϰַɡ
ɡ
ιιûзͳƿͨƿ
һµˮϰɡ
ǿϴԼĵιܵͷƺһù˵ġ
Ѿ벻ˡ
ðɣιܺҩƿԵԱţҹҲȻͳԼġ


116 ȫ
ַ
ھ˶¶˼ͳЦʱ򣬸Լжϸ˿ŶԷⶶĿԹܣԭɵıȴǳЩء
һζ˿⣬һ㣬ڶξѾﵽ˸߼ѧͽˮ׼αѾ̿һĹ淶
ҩʦѧͽһĳʽҩʦܶ޷ЩɱѾﵽмҩʦˮ׼ҳ긺𿼺˵ϸȴĲ׽һŵζ̣
֮Էı任ַ
Ѱ˿ҵһ󣬿ϸȴǷÿһַͬ˳
ֵ࣬Сӵͼˡ
ҡҡͷϸ˱ƺЩ꣬Ȼַ׼˵ʲôеĻַô죬Է˵гʽҩʦĿܣ
ؼҲȫ޷ֲȱݾǡ
Է
һʽʦ
ϸ˵ͷոҹǰĲϱ
˲ʦ֣֮
ôķʦ֣֮
ȻҪ˿ӡĸ
ʽʦ
ְҵף
Բۣ

ҹǰĲȺħ֮ԭǳ볰ŪȻֹš
볬֮һ˱Ե¶ˡĪڶҡӡ
˿ǼΪյ¶һ±Ʊ飬ƺȫ۸񶼻¾Ȼһְҵǿߣ
ʼһȺȣӣ˲ҡһͳΪְҵ׵ʽʦ
ڳĶǷʦѧͽǰҲѾ˺üλʽʦˣǰʵ̫ˣ
¶ԷҩһϲͨƾʽʦݣڳǰСѾͷ⣬ѧͽ֮ϣ
¸߼ҩʦѧͽ޷⣡
ְҵ׵ĴȻʼ޼ɵĳŪȫѹˣͬ״Ҵүڿ̨϶ͷ˺ˮ
ֻʱƣȺħĲҺķ裬ȫû֮ǰǼλʽʦĽк˵̬ȴԼ˸ı䡣
ðɣе޷ӦԷת䣬ֻе޷̨еļʡ
ֶԷĲٿԵҺԭѾĳȴֿʼӡ
ֻǰڶԷְҵ״ݣࡣ
ⲻְɡ
Ҫ䶾ҩ𡭡
Ȼÿһְҵ״˶ס
ҩʦעȷʵʩıҪ

ԭܵӰҲڷֶԷʵˮƽ˿л˷
ҵİ죬ԭǸҩѧ֣ܹѧͽսʤʽʦµӡ϶̣Ǹ˰
ͷһȫͶ뵽ƹУš
ѾȫͶ뵽ҩƹ̣ʱѾۿҪ˵ʱ
òϷ˰ˣһҹҲȫӦ˷ʦ֮ҩеĽ࣡
ͣµ˫Ҳڿ
ৡ
ȻȻԶӦĲУһ߷Ҳڷʦֵ֮Ĳٿͬ˶
շĲˮһ㣬Уⶼҩģ
ÿˣÿۻѧͽһͷѪ
ʽʦзʦֵ֮ĸɶԷͬʱеĲҲ̫˰ɣ
ʼǰɶȥˣڲſʼʼ
衢롢Ԥȡͣ
ǰ澭˵ļλʽʦһλͬʱĲҲеһ밡
ҩֳڰ
ԭҹֵܸߵϸˣʱҲҡҡͷ̾˿
˻ϲøԶ
ûôǳΪٶ̫дǿҩʦ˵ٶȸ춼ܹﵽ
źǶԷԭǿѾ׼ַȻÿʹõʱ޷ﵽͳһÿһλ򶶶趼һ˿˿
֡סҩʦ˵൱ģҽᷢһ㣡
ڲ˵Էַ޷һ⣬ԷĽ˳·ϸ˻ȫˣٶ죬ȴǱȽġ
ȻʱƣҹǰƻҵȺħ裬ȴҲɵʱβ׶Ρ
Һǡɵ˽ĲУͬ˹ˡ
ƺ֮ǰµಽ裬ȫͬʱԼһ㣬˳ó˸ְƷ봦Ĳϡ
ֿʼϷӦ
󣬿ʼЩҲƽϢλѧͽѾˣԷһϣ·ٶȾѾѹˣ
Ƕҹı˿ʱҲͣҧı飬רעƺϸöԷĶͬʱﻹֹš
ܵģ¶ȶδȴɿ̫ˣأںϹ̿϶⣡ַǺϬٶǺܿ죬ɹӦ޷֤ӦõģԶԷչֳʵȴĻѧͽǿ϶ûģΪλ
˵Ըе⣬˿ȡĳɾͣҩѧоȫͶģҩѧҪоڤľܽʡ
˵ȲλϸˣȴҲ㹻һЩˣҲǸӣԷַŶصһ棬ȴƫƫúϧ
һԼ氮䱦̣ĸо
ϸһܻòɼȴƫƫ˷Լ츳
Էǽʥҩѧˣǲԭ£ҹȻǺ㰡
ɹˣ
ҹڽ׶εʱһߵĿ̨ȴǴү˷Ц
ΪҪڼǰ¶ֻǸеְ̨ͬҵ׵ѹһҲѾǳˮƽ˳
߼ҩѧͽɹһƿϸġۻҩ
ۻҩΪҩѡ֮һҲʽҩʦܹɹƵģѧͽܹƳܹʹøٵĲдƷǺϸˡ
ԼˮƽƳɺϸƷ츳ʵѾֳԼ֮ϵı˿Ҳÿζܴﵽ
˵Լʵ̶޷᳤۹⣬޷ʽҩʦʸ񣬵һ»׼ҩʦݻкܴܵģ
ν׼ҩʦ˵˾⣬涼ﵽʽҩʦʸ񣬵ִʽҩʦֻǳ飬λѾ൱ӽʽҩʦĳ̶ȣ
Ҫлλʽʦˡأ
ԼѹԼŪϸƷ
¡ۻҩѶͬСļ֮һȴҲڵԼܹƳġ
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ϸ˵ĿҲѾȫɵƿҩϣƹȫģԵóҩ»δȫϸϸȴҲи˾Ųʮжˡ
ԷѧͽٶȻ޷Լĸ֪
ϸۺֳԭܶעšˣҲ˾̾Ͼǰ漸λʽʦˣҲֻһ˴ﵽƷʰˡ
˵γɹ˺ϸƷȴ൱Ľҳɷ֣ûͻƸ߼ѧͽķ룬ĻҪĥꡣ
ǰȸ˿϶ϸֻһתĵƺ׼ҩʦʸ񶼲ӣһȫ¹첻ߺŵ̬ȡ
ﲻһǲ˰ȴҲöԷû˿취ԷҩʵΪ᳤үү֮£ΪûиţְҵʵѷһųΪ᳤ģҲȫùԼ壬ԼҲ
Ƚοǣӱ˿Ҳһ˿ȣε¶ԻǺܳɹġ
ԼĻԾ飬ҪδСŮ治Ҫ̫򵥣
ԶԷչֵ츳ϱҵıܰԼսϣɳԻԼҵɾ޴
ԷԲܹԼ߻ѹģǰԼææĳ־ȳѾеĺʷˡ
˵ͳû¶ԷǸŮԼűˡ
ι壬㶼ʮüˣǶ˼СŮɶ̬
ֻǾǰڴ۷ʱһֱĻȴǽ˼ʵ̨Ѿβ׶ΣһֻֿűһֻҩƿĿɶСӡ
Էںı̬ʱͱĿ
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ǿдϢһƽһּȴǵ˵
治ְҵ״أôֻ࣬һʱ侹ȻܹƷˡ
лл佱㻹Ǹء
ҹǱȴȫûԷļǴֱֵӽ֡͡ȥ
һصı飬ٴеҧгݣƫƫҪְֶҵ㹻𾴵˵
ǰʽʦˣĳƷҲض֮ϰ򣬱һССѧͽȥˣǻǻ޹أ
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ǣɱҵʼǼһȻҩȷеѶȣƷӦҲǳƿˡ
һ˵꣬ҹıҲʼԴɫװʢҩƿҲڻʱ£һҩҺڷʦֵ֮Ŀʽǣ
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ˣ
һǳɣһ۶ԷǺҩԼɳԽԵ
ҩƿеɫҺ壬ʱһַڵ״̬ƺӦδȫ
һϵжƬ̣ں̡ʤ׷ĵЦ
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ĻҲ๲ҩƿɲһҩӦĺõطֻʢźͷҩõģӦҩƿɣ˶δģҲеʦộ
Ψֿ˵ϸˣʱЩɲ
ǡ
ֻϸ˶δȷжϣ̨ϵҹȴѾ¶һ׳յı飬Ҳֱֱܹ˵˳
ʼ˲ģڲŷԭǸĲѧʦսʿ̵ǲƿȫȴʢҩЧýһɰ룬ʱƻʧ࣬ҩӦĲдγɿڲӡֹҩЧʧŶеʶòð
ڳһû취ʼ˵״ҹЪԵĲⶾ࣬Ҳ˳ɶֵ˺
ðɣҹʵû˼ȱʶеһжǴ鱾ѧȷôΪġ
Ĳѧʦսʿ̵𡭡
սʿ̵𡭡
̵𡭡
꣡
ƿһԼͳİ
˭ûʶ
ʶð
ҹ˺ԭЩȷϸҲȵվ첽ҹ̨ǰȥ
ȻԷ˵ĺãȴȷֿܣ
ֻҩʦľϸҪ󼫸ߣҪ󼫸ߣ
͵ҩʦȻҲΪҩƿԽݾ翼ζཫҩƵһЩ
Էͳһַ޷֣ôֿܻ
˵ΪʵϵľԲ࣬ϸܹɵĲ׽ԷĶӶֱͨԶжϳ˽
ˣļһ˵ľǲõģҪҩ֤
ǲƿʢŵҩƿڲ㸲һ㵭ɫԼڲǰ͸峺ɫҩбǳһء
ɫû˿ʣ
ɫ˵ҩɹˣٶǺϸƷеƷ
οһºʼҩֱӼ
Ŀеҩ˰κ󣬲һӵ˵
73ųƷҩҩƷʣʡ


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ǺǣⰡû뵽ְҵ״˾Ȼûлúϸۡ
һ͵űү˸᳤ϸ˼ۺûϸ񡱶ֵʱҵйһ˵
ֻǸո˵꣬͸еЩԾӲĻͷϸˡ
ϣ˵ʲô
ƺȫ޷ԼĶ䡣
ϸлعˣʱһ𺳵ӣ⼸λְҵʦҲ⡣
ӣûɣƷﵱǵƳɹģҰ
̫ã㲻Ҫƭҡ
Сѧͽֻ˽ߴߴǼȴֱӿǻˡ
رǸ˵ħͷīϣɤֱҲţƭҡ
ҩ˵ǳʽҩʦԽΪѵģɱѶҲǳҩʦˮƽΧѣΪҩʦ᳤ϸ˿Ƴ

ܹƳҲֻǺϸƷ
Ϊҩļ۸ͻȻĿҲȻ٣
ǾΪƷʵҩǲɿصģ
ϸ˳ΪмҩʦĿˣǸ߳ɹʵƳӦȼĺϸƷڵͼҩ˵Ǹ߼ҩʦҲ޷ʣ
ƷʵҩȫǿʺܹģȫԿԱ죡
ЧҲϡеĶ֮
ʵϴҩмֱӻѪļʣ
ȫǿģ
ǰСӣȻڿ˵ʱƳƷʵġҩ治֪ݡ
Ѷ˵ϴҩѶǲģ
ŵĻԼȷһ£ʵġҩܹһڴְҵ׷ʦڤЧʣһ˿ԴãһԪ׺ǿ
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ѧͽܹƵҩƷʵҲֻǼ۸ϾҪö࣬ĿҲԶ಻٣ҲһͲˡ
ʽҩʦҩͲͬˡ
ϴҩѪѼʣǰʾҩԾᴿһ൱ϡеԣ߾̫࣬Ҳ㹻ԭеļֵʮϣ
ΪϡٵԵмУ
ǸһԪ׺ǿһƷˣϾʱǿԪ׺ҩ٣ܹᴿҩȴ̫ϡУ
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ɲҩǰǱҪҩߵ£˲ŻгʵĿܣ˵īⱲǲƳˡ
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ʵҩΪϱȽͨõԵʣѶĸߣƵҲҩ̫࣬Ͼϴҩиҩ
ʮҵĳɱƷĺϸƷ۸ʮʮңͨϸƷʾ˵ѧͽƵмҩˮҲˣܹƵ˶ԣķѵʱ;Ҳͬ࣬ԴǷʽҩʦġ
һƷʣǻֵȴ˲䱩ʮ
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ʮҵĳɱ˲䱩ʮ

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ˣҸҸӣϾҵĵϳģҳһǧңȻҲҪλСͬ۲С
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һ˲䣬ҹͳΪڳ˵Ľ㣬ԭҲó˳Ʒȡ˲ɼ̾ͱˡ
ĵҲɰȻԷôãҲףȻԷܹƳƷļʣǲô˵ʵҩԶԼ֮ϵġ
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ò˵Ȼֵ˵㣬ҪʱҲõŵ£һ˲ƺ֮ǰеĲ춼ʧˣԼŵ˼͵̬ҲֺƵЦݡ
Լļǽ¢ǵҩͻȻֵһλʵ㹻ǿҩʦҲҪ£ԼȦӺŷͳһ˫кôܹ󻯣
ˣСӣҪ˵Ȼȥ˵ҩʦᣬҡ
ո˵꣬ҹδظλ᳤ȴȴˣʽʦĶԻССѧͽģбҲУ
תͷøпҹ˵
Сѣϲóҩʦʸ񣬿ϧҲֻȨް䷢ʸ񣬵ţмƳƷʵľҩΪмҩʦҲֻʱˡ
ϣҪһ𣿡
ϸҹĿ˽ʽ˿˺һֱסû˵ı˿ʱڻð˳
ȻλҩŮϸ˻Ǻܹյģͷʾʡ
һ£λλҩжûͳһԭʵֻܳģһԼ⡣
ͽ䣬˿վǺ˾ƣ˵һڶҩѧ׷վʳɻ
ǿʼҲе㲻ףĳƷһҿԸ㣬ĳЩĳҩȴﵽҩʦ˵ǿԲϸݷӦ̵ı仯ͬԼĶȷÿһζ
ϸ˻شе꣬ԼмҩʦˣȴҲûκһʽҩʦҩϴﵽȣܹпƳƷʵҩֻѧͽҩѣ
ˣ
˴һȫĵҹʱҲˬһһ㶼ǫѷı˵ǫѷĻǿһֹķС
ŶˣҳΪʽҩʦҪʲôǼǰɣʲôӡ·ɣܹҩȥӡ
조ǫ顱һҹƺʲôܹҩʸ񣬲ԼιĹؼ
ðɣǼӣ԰ɣʽҩʦϻͨħӵģٶȱȷͨűö࣬˵ĻϰɣȻԼѡһԼصķš
ϸЦҡҡͷ
õģҽСҹҲɣʮꡭ
һ˲䣬еȫţ
˶ʯħһ㣡


118 ί
ͻȻֳһžָܵΪһ˵˳˵ҹʱҲ׹ô£Цֵ˵
ŵãҿȥӦúʮɡ
˵껹ڳظPOSSһֱͷĻǲûԵöͻأǰڳһεıҡͷ˵
ʮŶʮˣΪҪҵأѾٷ˰
һֱԿԴĴʾˣҹλͷֲҲǳɹΪһֱıֿȥǻῪЦӡ
˵ʮ󣬼λְҵʦһ˿ı飬Ǹҩʦĸħʦīϸûİһۡ
ʮ㰡ϷʲôߺߣϷҲʮְ꣬ҵ׵Ȼᣬǲ֪С
ȷҹ汨ʮ꣬Ҳ㹻ŵĳΪˣرҩѧ˵
λҵүҲѾʮüˣȻǸ߼ʦѧͽ͸߼ҩѧͽܱһ츳ˡ
ڳҲͬʮı˿츳ܹȼ磬ԳЩ
ʱҲǿȫѧͽ˷ܻʧĶ뿪ֳҹҲҩʸ
ֻҹЩ벻ǣҩʸδõֵʱ򣬾ȻѾĪ˸£Ӱ
ǸӶҪˣʼԼڵүһλʽʦԼҩʦḱ᳤ϸ˱ˣ
涼ŵôҹҲеˮ
ôҲԼҰĺĿ꣬ҪǷʵϣ̫ʱҩ
ΪЩôͳΪĳҩĿģԶ˵£Ҳһһ˹ȥ
ŶˣīϣܹһЩħ֪ʶҪǷСиġ
ȵɺҹʲôͬλħʦī˵
ʵרҵԷ˵Ϊҹǰǽʦĵ·ģ÷棬ʹ߸ħרҵΪݵġ
Ͼ˫漰ħ·ãֻһС̶һηŴ
ϧǰʱޣҲޣҹȫλĽ뵽ħֻרѡԼõ֪ʶнѯʡ
СиҪҪټϿռأĸħռ˵ĲΣְҵ׷ʦŪе̫ݳ˰ɣһ㻹ǸһЩϵְҵŪģǷǷϵʦ˵ֱڿգֶλвٵġ
īԺֻ㶣˼Ŀ˵Ҳû˼ҷɢϾԼһҪΪҩʦĸħʦ
ֻһ仰ƶϳҹҪĶҲڸħʵ̶ȡ
ҹȷ׼Լɽڵȫƻ
ĽڵѾɣõĲҲŶһ˽ھĶ͵ֻĶѣļθҶսֻԸӶࡣ
Ͼɽڵأ;Ҳޣ
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ŶʦԼרǺټѹֲñ˴أҪԼ͸ȥȷԼƵá
īϵ˵ͷͬҹ˵һ٣Ȼ˵
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һƳҩ˵ǳˮƽӣܹƳ˵Էڡѡҩ棬Ѿܹҩ
ǵĵȷȷ¾ȫҩַյ˼£ֻҪܹƳɹƷ
ʱҹͬī̸۽ۣ˿¶Ѿˡ
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ҪҪصҩѧ֪ʶҲҪʾҩ
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ΪۣҿԽݵռҪҲڸ㡣
ֻҪСи⼸ҪصҹԺҲ΢ЩȻߵһЩ߼ħޣܹϿռҪزĶ䡣
ҹ֮ûҪһԼӰǹδְҵģʱշȫδţһǣΪְҵ׵Уλʦܹڴ˷ܾͨ
ܹϸĿռͲˣ뵽ӵƵУЩְҵ׷ʦķˡ
Ҳεֱӷʵ
֪īʱշյʲô̶ȣⲻ֪ʱߵ·ߡ
ӰǹϾҪۺˣҩʸ񣬲ϲѣϾϡٵĴϵħԼ˺ü飬Ǯܽ
ȻˣܹطָҲģֻҪȷ϶Էˮƽ˾Լˡ
ƺҲܹҹɣ˵ЩϲīϻǰȻ˵
㲢֪ҵţڳ˶ܹΪ֤ǰпռǴȥġ
ԱߵļλְҵʦҲ˵ͷȷ˵
װƹīϼϸ˵
ҵһǹΪ֮ǹﵽºϵܹռ֮֮⣬ҵĵڶǹǹֱǰӰеİӰ͹ܹͬʱֻ֮ǷʦְҵУʱյӦĲˡ
ˣҹҲ޳ɣӦ
ԣҪ׼һ°ӰǹĽʽȵɽס
ðɣҹҪ⣬ʵöʱƿҩ
ֻǾҹīոն̸ԱǼλͱﲻסļһΧȻʼԼܹ׵ƷƺȻҩĵӣҪûС
Ѿаմﵽϸ߳ɹʵҹ˵Ȼ߲ܣһΪѵӣҲ˵ûƿȴȻȫӦ
ûнףȴί⼸λְҵʦռԼ֮Ʒɽڵĸֲϡ
˵Ѵ۵ɽڵ˵ɽڵĲ϶ȽϡѰȻħմˣѰҲҪһռģħʯ͸ħ
⼸λְҵʦ˵ϵȴҪԼǿö࣬ȻԼǾǴˣȫ˫Ӯ


119 ͬ
˸£ˮĽԼõĲϣҹٴͷǼСùݣʼִԼļƻ

ڵҩҺƿУϺҹĺһ
ȻǸĳɵĸʳҲջˣǾĴ˵㡣
һʱ䣬Ǹ˵ľҩ׼ԼӦļƿȫ㶨ҩƶԾĻ΢΢Щ⡣
ǰƿʱ򻹲̫ԣԽ棬ÿһƿƣбǵԼѾӵ˶ʮö츳ĽȶʱݿĸгоҲѹҩļ۸Ӹ߲ˡ
һҲǸ㶨ʮƿѣƿƷʣǿԼίеıˡ
ȻҲҪȫʣŻôŪϸƷҪ׶ˡ
˸ǿҩһôǺ׽ģӶڤЧʣҲܿΪμÿһʽʦһרҵԭˡ
һֱž״̬ǻήڤЧʡ
һƿҩŪҹ־ͲһƿʾҩԼ๾ĺȥڵҩҺθбһǿ̼Чһ㡣
һӿ˴ԣĸ֪࣬ԭƣɿݵľҲһˬ
ƷʣЧϽڤ뽫۷תְʽ϶ûġ
ˬĴ˸ºҹҲ⣬˵һƿͺȵһǧ𣬵ԼƳģɱֻҪʮѡ
ҩվֻʺʩߵСҩױͣͺҲûҪˣԼһƿɶÿϧġ
ǷĽԼҩֱȥҩʦᣬԼĶȴ󷽵ԤˣֵļΪ
ʱܶ䵱н˵ҩḱ᳤ϸ˶ɸп
ȻǹᣬҲܲʾҰڹĹ׵ȼߵԺڹܹܾŻݡ
ֻ鷳ҹĪõֺôҲǸе֮ϲðɣԼԼһƿ˵ûҩж󣬰ٷְٳɹʰٷ֮ʮʾ²¡
νĹ׵ȼʵǱҩʦĵȼƶȣͼһ֣ȴѾǲ뱾عҩʦܹõ߹ȨˣҪŻݾҪҩʦܵЩ
ллˣˣﻹмƿͨϸĻҩڹô
ҹʵʾ˸л֮ͳǼƿʧƷҲǮûǵΪ˱Լʾ֭
ҹ˵Ҫ΢ͣһƺʲô˵ȴû˵һƿҩ֤
ףȻδﵽʣͨҩѾƷˣܹƳҩҩʦûĻʮһٽһƿѧͽʽʦегġ
֪ҩΪҩıԼԶΧСƷͨҲʮ״ҹӦ
Ǿ鷳ˣʱλͬռĲϻȴΪһ¡
ţһǲõĵģˣûʲôҩҲܵ͵Сҩ
ǴӦƺҪ˵ʲôվû˵
ҹȻЩ棬Ȼ˼û˵ҲʲôǣҲûпʡ

һҹڤ룬ʾҩҩЧҹڶϾָ۷״̬ڷѹúøַԤ󣬱ǿʼ׼תְʽ
ֻŸոսѸɾ׼ֲõʱԤܵ˴һ
Ѿ߷Ա̬
˵ӸӦϸܵ޶⣬µҹȻǺܲˬ
ֻǵſӰȴǸˬⲻǸ˭ǸҵүûиǺ쵽ֱˣ
͵ҵĹǲǣǶء
ԼҪתְʽ˵Ӧķվǽ鷳һߺõ㣬ﲻˬҹǿʵ
СлͿ˵
ֲˬдϵı飬üźЦүɫһرǻеıӣڼΪŵеܴ
ƫƫһԼࡱʮͷ꣬ɾȴ˦ԼԶԷû취
ֻӣǳǵĶλŵͷʺãǿ˵
ðŵˣ´˴ǰΪ¼Ǽƿҩ
Էƺǹ̸⣬۾Ǯ۵ҹ̬ȶ˺ܶ࣬ţСӻǱȽϽò
ޣǶǼƿҩȤҪĻǾǰʵֱӳǮͿԣȫùҡ
һ˵ţҹһ뵽ԷĪǶԼҩȤȻǻܺúһ٣ٺ٣ӣ϶ҲǮ
ԼĿ϶Ὣ͵ģļƿ취˲
ҹδսĺʱλүȴԴε˵
ǶҩȷǸȤȴ˼ǴģԿ̫ܲ˽Ȿ飬ǵҩ⣬ҩ۶ƿŵġ
ҹŷֶԷƺԼǮģɫ̾
Ŷʲô˼
ģΪҩʦ󻯣ҲΪ˷ֹ⽵ڱҩҩʦ뵽ǵĶۿ棬Ǻ

һǳ⣬ļֱӽǰƵһĻ˳ȥֱײϵĴɵ˽ϣ˻ѩС
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һںҹǹתص˷䡣
ðɣʵϵ˵ͨҩʦҺȷǴ˫Ӯľ棬ݻʦ൱ǵģô
±вȣҲӦ
Ȼĳʦ淨ʦ˵Χӵħ˻ͷ˵ж˵һĳЩʱǺܸ¡
ִתְʽֲǹǮҪʳ
жԶԶ
ԼҪҩɰײ˼۵ˡ


120 
䡫
֣תְʽȫ˿ǿನŷĹĻ綼˾ҵĶβͣ
λҲŨĺ̡
ȿȿȡ
žҵǺҹ̧˺һӣһ쫷ιڲŨȫ˳ȥ
ΪûзϵĵԵʣⲻ׵ķҲеĿ춼Щ
ҹϸһֱѬڵĸо
ΪɶҴûıдͺڰǹѶȻô󣬲͸ˡ
оڤŰӰǹԵеήҵְҵģҹҲԵЩơ
ɣתְѶȾҪһЩǿԾǿ츳ǿӲϵģɽû뵽ᰵӰǹʱȻܵ˹ǹĸš
ǹĺĿģһλٴεǿȻҪȰӰǹĺǿ٣ʽʧˣſֲĿҲܵЩӰ죬úúȫָ
һ㶼ûиոսľУֻƣ
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ȵӰǺ˻ָĿĿӡȥ㹻ҹͬʱƿأ
ֻ֪ǿ鷨ʦҪɹɺڰǿħҪӰɹû˭ʱͻôҡ
˼ĺҹҲЩ
Ϊһ·ǿ鼮ݿЭԼģȴûѹҹһЩתְġʶԼһκ󣬸ݿķԭ
˵ְҵʦȫǹ۵Ǻˣͨ˵ŵǺӦòѡΪߵСȿǺ˻ܵвѹµǺˡ
ҹðʧҲһ㸣ǾΪǹľҳͻǿпֹ˫Ĺ̶ҪЩҲΪִ̼˲٣ԦǺû˿ѶˣֱӿӦڡ
̶ȵߣҲӱԼ֮ߴճʱ
ҡ
ɫеŹֵֿ̧۳ĴҹҲЩ̡
⡭ֱӴӹ䵽ڰԼְҵҹʿ
ڶǹǹҹȴԼİӰƳ̶˿ѷɫڹǹΪߵĻ빲ڶǺ˵ƿس̶ȣȵȫָĻ²ѷɫڵһ֮ǹ
ΨһЩϧǣĿǰĵвûаϵĽλħ²ᣬΪܻϵԵʣİӰ˽ûзڶ⿪ŵϵС
ֻһħĹɵ˲ϷһʮĸħĹɵĿħҹĻ١
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ΪƷͷԭʧܵƺ;ɥһؾҹҲһ
ʵԼƿĸصʱ򣬾Ѿ˼ҵİΧɱһѪ·ˣԼȱȡʱӦһϰӰǹļӳûڸĴ
ϧϵĻָõһ󣬱Ͼ츳ڲǮճħⲹӪҩܹҲðҲܳԡ
ҹڴľǣĿǰԼѾƿˣȵͬʱƿؾܻϴӶﵽЧ
ʱӲרҵп¶Σ
ֻǴ嵽ѶҲ̫󣬹ԼڸʱɲҪҪԼǵʱܳԡ
ҹһȨʧһʱԤȴٴαˡ
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ҹҲֱ֪˵ùݾͬǶ˲ҪԼҲûʲô赲߲ҲֻϱԹ£ûĶ
һһǫѷļһȴҲֱ̫ӽ˴ɣֲЦҹŲ϶Էֹ̬Լˬ
ҺڷͫҲȽԼиС
𾴵ҹʦżҵܹܣðݷ̡
ǫѷһʿϢǷǷҽܵ
ðɣиι
ܹڳԳżҵģΨҲֻԼ֪Ǹżˡ
Īûʱ㵹Լˣ
żҼԼ˻ҲôԼ仯ܹϳԼĿԲô˵ԷӦΪԼֵҩʦݶӽˡ
żǵĵλƺ׾⡣
п˼ͷҹϲûʲôʾƽĵ˵ͷʾԼ֪żңǲλܹܽ˷䡣
ΪŹλҩ츳үӱιֻһ̽ͰͷҪϵģûȡʲôͻԵĽչ
ȴû뵽Է̬Ȳûô⣬һϲ
ֻǽ뵽仹δ˵һЩҹȴһ̫ͷ˵
Ҵ֪ĿģɾǺǸʲôҵ뷨ˣôܸʲô
ңԼôݵһԼƶδȫָƵԼȿǹ˿ɵúú㣡
ԼݺݵһôԵԼ
ֱû˿͵Ļɫ£ܿ컹ǷӦ˹ܹܹܣǺͷӦѸǱزٵģҲûȫҹĽͻֱ˵
żܹĴȻǻôʦ⣬۵ҩӦҵĴѹֻ֮һ
شҹͬʱҹҪٵԼչ⡣
Ŷҵǲ֪Ǹʲô취ܹѹҵҩ
ҹЦһԵòΪ⣬̸޷Ƕ̧ŵҳȱ㣬гԼûñȣϡлְܹҵȤġ
ҽ¢ҩгѣԶԶû취һ죬ְҵǿ߲ҲͲˣ˵Ҳǵ֮һǼһҩʦĻ᳤˵ġ
ְҵǿ˵ʵҪбϵģ
ȿȡ⣬Ʒҩҵȷûʲô취ͨƷʵҩǵӰ൱ġ
ӸɿһڣҹžҩܹƳƷҪѹȴҲѡ
ҩһ־ˣҲߣȺ廹ֻʩߣǺͷʦĹϵӦûҩʦԸ⻨Ѿʱֵҩ
漰ҩͲͬˣֻҪųλʽҩʦֻרҩһ֣ҩһĴԾ㹻һˡ
ǺϸҩƷҲкû֣֮ȻԸҩб֤ҩʦƷ
ҵܽҩֱ赲֮⡣
ǰӵĿ̸ҹҲòԷĿڲţԼżҵЩè壬˵ء
ϧżǴԼĳ𣬾˵ڵķҲأʲôܹԼҩ赲֮⣿
ֻҪԼҩҲܹóƷʾ;ܹѹסģ־ܴν¢ϣ
ȻһҲ֪żҲ֪ҹҲûֱӱֳ˼
辶˵
˵Ե鷳ɣʱأҲһЩڵϢƺżţĵѹĺԲŻҪڳһɡ
ͣƬ̺ҹһϷʵı鿴ŶԷ˵
ȻΪΪλ̸ء
ν̬ȣһ´ӵߣĵһЦʦүȻǷʦүרҵѧͷʦҲСǵǻۣ̲ߣ̾ˮ׼֮ϵġ
ðɣȷǱԷ˵ˣβѪĲˡ
ûżʵӦóٲǣʵȴǡǡ෴żҪʧмְҵǿߵĶǼ۵Դ͵̡
ʱ򿪱µȥõԴҪͬȼģ
ѡҩһ飬Ҳͬ˼ǵģΪҵľսżҲǣҩһֻҪ£ҩʦżҵвѣ
һֻܽչּļ壬֪ܴżҲȻλǿȻ֮һ
Ȩ˺ܾúһֶΣʱһλҰʽҩʦܹмҩ֣ȻҪ뾡취£ˡ
ҹֱӽԷ˰ƿΪ˽潲ƴԼó򣬷Ҫѹեǵĵ߾Ͷˣ
㹻֪ҹƵBUGġ


121 Լ
ӻججãɫ߳˷䣬Ĺ󣬲һع
ʱϳ˿ЦҲֻˡ
ΪĴ״ѾԷסԼ˵컨׹ҲûʲôãԷȫͲسƣȫûʹκĽ̸мɡ
ÿοڶֱӴʹ㣬Լȴ޷Լ˵˾ųɵĻȴȫûжԷһɻô
֪оͱѹե˼ŵԼĵߣ˵ҵȷ̸׶ˣԼȴûʲôͣǻӰԼڼе
Щŵ׳ȥĶƹܼʶԼҲɸеһۡ
Ϊ˽ҩгԷὫҩ۸İ۳ۣżҪǰ۵Ĳҩʦȵг󣬴ŻżҲֳַɣֳɲֽͨҩҩȫԷС
һ˵嶼ܹܵģǰڿռгǼ屾ͻеĴ㣬ֻûô׶ѡ
ҺͶԷǩħԼмҲӦԼǾǶԷ۵ҩͼҪвĿڱҪأżҿԲ֧ķá
ԼΪֹĽˣһЩȫӸеˡ
⣬ԷȻԼȡ˴ҩԴ˵ʲôԼҪҩϰҩģЩҩ֧κηãֻȵϰɹƲʱҩΪѺ
˵ԶĽǶڻܹ֤ӯģԴͶرȴɴȵˣΪ̫Ĺϵ֮ǰ۴ͶرڶҪöࡣ
£ܹõóʱǲģΪǸְҵǿߵĶλ䣬Ҫ߶ҵҪڳ˺һֲξرڹҲֻˡ
żҵĻۣܹҧģֻҪģˣʱȻΪնһЩҲҩʦڹʱԼʱһٽԷ߿߽Լ׼ҲȫУ
󣬵ҪõӦر

УĿ˶Է뿪ҹ̯ǰ۳һŹµķĺҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȻҪԴ󻧰һν׻õļֵҩԴҪḻ٣ħԼôȷһ˼Ķ
ָֽϲƵ˿£ҹħԼҲһȤ
ǰȻһֱ֪⣬ԼԳԻǵһΣ׼ֽŵģԼƺȼǱȽϸߵģû취ĸĶ
ݲĵϣͼħԼԼ˫۳·߳ΥԼ󣬱ܱԪؽӦıͷ
ԼܹʵӲԻģֻҪΪΥԼõܹԼɵʧͳɡ
ҹʱܵԼ·ȴֱھ֮УԼʹ۱ȵͼԼҪߵöģԼķְҵ۷ǿΥԼҲ⵽ش͵ĴҲ޷ٴνľˡ
ԼҪԼҲҹˣż˵ֻһܹܶѣΪ˫׵ǰȫżҴԴʽͶ룬ЩĴ۱һԼһΥԼû֧ЩԼȻȻľͻҹʧȥԼǰڵͶȫǴˮƯˡ
ҹܹ΢ĶҲֻۿһõˣԼʲôĵȻҪɵȻҡ

ΪǹʱĸţҹԻָΪסÿֻƿҩ˵ģ͵ʦĶַȻܱ֤ĳҵʡ
ֻΪڳרҵ״УʲôĹעͺ䶯Լ˵ʵҩԼȵˣϲҪǮȰײȡ
ƷʵҩҲͷΣƵĵԶԶ֮ǰƵЩٶ໹һܣԼƶȫҲ˿
Ƕħ˽ֺûϢսµһЩҲܹȫָ
֮⣬ҹѧֻʽҩʦյҩƷ£Ȼܹ΢Ļ
̹׵˵Ƕ츳һӳɣȻּӳݿĶԱ²ǿ֣ôҲһͷˣٳɶֲԼ̰ϣͿܣ
Ʒʵҩ͸ӲˣԼöӲţȵҩԺٿǶ۵ɡ


ܵΥľˬɣҹҲĥſʼȥīϽ֪ʶˣǸħռ䷽棬ԼȱİϵλģҲּǡ
źػĸ߼̴ӣҹżҵľٶҲΪ⡣
żǼҹǰפصģϳҹܾˣ˲˶εɳ˼ֹ˴ŵҹƹ̡
߼̴ӷŵҲõóֵˣȴҲֱʲС
ǵһҩȥɣʻɹɡ
һżҽĴҹ۾˵Ϲ˵ԼӣԵĲ㡣
ġϹ߼̴Ҳǳ뾴η
ߴɵĳɹʰ
Ǽ廨ôྫԴͶʵʽҩʦ
ҩƿһƴ״̬¶ʸ񿼺ʱȷԼﵽ۷״̬ҪƣҪĻҪ࿼߹۲ַƽʱҩĳɹȻǸ͡
Ѿһ൱ֲˡ
ԼġʧƷɵЦҹȻǰˬŽǳ羴Ŀ⣬ǰ˰뿪ùݡ
ԼϵʸϽŶȻΥԼŶ⼸ȥīݷһ£øˡ

·īǸħ᳤ƽʱ񣬲ҪҩʱǰͰˮεҩˮƽ͸ħȴǸǰиħʵΪǿĸħʦ
Ҳƿռĸħʦ
νĸħǽͨƷתħƷٴǿüΪ㷺
ҩʦͨҲֻרҩ࣬ĸħʦҲֻרࡣ
·īΪħʦеٮٮߣͨռħСƷͬʱ󷨻ˮƽҲ൱ܹС͸ħƷϳɸӸ߼װ
ҹλеɵīϢʱҲһǸоԼҶˣΪԼɽڵĹ滮ҪҲСƷħֶΡ
οԷӵְҵ൱Ŀռ֪ʶЩԼ˵ġ
˸ħʦԱߵħǰӦǰԼ磬ҹҲòϣרħķʦڽ֪ʶϲѷɫڽʦ١
ֻȱ˽õսеֶΰˣͷʦĹط棬ѷɫ
ʦϣԼɢŨħϢҹһʦĽȫרҵ״Ҳе֡
ߵһʦǰҹԼİݸ˷ʦſڵһλѧͽ
λԵЩĵѧͽĥһδɿ⣬ҹҲ̫⣬ɵҹݹϵķʱȴɫһ䡣
û뵽ȥԼ˾ȻѾʽʦһʽҩʦ
ȫԼʼĽҪ̵ѧͽʦصλ˻ݷãֻû뵽ôᣡ
ԭЩ̬Ⱦȫһ޿޵ķʦ
ҹˣʦѾԸˣһ˿нݷãͨƣպá
˵꣬ǽһöƵݸҹ󲻻⵽ʦڲɷʩʶơ
׽ӹƺҹҲûжͣ˷ʦǳĽһ˿ʵѧͽĿ⡣
ʵôпᣬȴѾվԼܶҪĵط


122 
ӴǣСıеöడNɪӦǳɹ˰ɣ첻ͷˡ
īϴʵ˳Ż涫ҹ˵
ȷھһʵʮµķʦ˵ϴμļʱ䲢á
ԼһʵⶼδɣԷȻͷͽһַȷīЩ꣬ʮħʦ
һӵгɫҩѧ۵ʽҩʦ
ڶڷʦ˵Ծƿض൱֮ǿĵ΢̾һº·īѾػԡ
ôҪĶӦҲѾˡ
ڷʦ˵ΪǿԼԵпլڼ϶һЩζƺʲôܹüֵ
·īҹЩֹͣ۸ȴӰ
ӵһν뷨ʦĺлعҹ˸۱ǽΪԷ׼ƿʾҩ˹ȥϴЩֻ֧Լռϵģû
ǰҲֻµķʦ뵽ʦڲȷǵһ
ÿһʽʦܹӵԼķʦģ·īķʦȻȲµģȴҲ㹻֤ݼֵˡ
ԼϳĲϼ۸񣬿ʦĻѾߴ֮ޣ
ȻҹöɽڵĲϼֵ⻹󣬵ͨʽʦԣѾһ͸ɼҵ׶ܲľ޿ˡ
˵ҰʦӵԼʦܹоķʦ൱ġ
ΪԼҪռԴԵʣԼΪʦͼͬһƶʦˣҲû׼ԼҲŪ
ڸԼĴۺ󣬺Ͱ·īĽҲͼ
ΪʦϣҹƽڵĻν൱ʵⷽʵҲ࣬ݿⱣĲҲͬࡣ
Ļݿ֧֣ҹեɰ·īٶĲҪ̫죡
СǲںŪңǴӸħʦתɵҩʦɣ
ٴαһīеܲˣĪҲ̫ˡ
ðɣҩῼ˵ʱ򱻴һҲˣϾǲԼóģɸոջԼó׼ǰʥʱȴǷԼȻûʲô԰ڵģð·īǲˬ
ٺ٣ҸħĻ֪ʶǺʵҲֻҪļ֣רٶȻˣҶԽ緽ҶҩҪ߳ٵġ
ҹ˼ЦЦ򵥵Ľһ¡
Լǿר棬΢СƷħƺ㶨иеȼҹֻʱһԵ˹
͵·ī֪ԼӦ⼸潲ʲôˡ
ҹ˵Ľͣ·ī˺˵
ðɣʵ⼸ѧĵȷǿ죬ɲҪ漰ݾͲǼ򵥵Ŀʵˣְҵ׷ʦ˵ռȫǴä״ֻ̬ܿŲϵĻ뾭жϣֱӲ͸仯Ϲʽ
·īʼͳԼѹ׸ɻʱҹҲȫ˾
ȷͬԷ˵ģְҵ׷ʦ˵ȻǿÿռȴҲöѣ޷ֱӲ͸µ
ŴʱǾ֪ʯҶˮﷴӦֱѧֺԭһְҵ׷ʦǾѡ
ҲΪˣ·īڽ֪ⷽʶʱ򣬾ȻҪߺʵϣҹһοռ
տʯһֿռԿʯͨڴԪѷλ϶֮Уʢտʯλ污㸽Ļһٶһöļ۸ѾˣһĿռҪöʯȶƳɹһδܹ׬ٽҡ
·īҪһµԵ״̬ǿܣ⵱ҹƵĿռȴǺɵľˣһܹװ°׵ı׼ռ
ЩҺԼҲͲ壬ֻʾķְҵ׷ʦζԿռãȻ޷ռĻ䱾ʽȴһ㲻ֶ䶯ǿ÷ϵýȥ𵽼򵥵ãռĿռ졭
·īԽҲǸ𣬶ҹɻҲԼ֪֪ʶĽ
տʯô㣬ĿʯŶϺ򵽰ɡ
ֻǿţҹҲеԼ֮ƵҪӵпռĻտʯҲǱزٵģѾŪֵĿռԲˡ
ⶫҲ࣬ϾϡΪҲȫƿռġ
·īеп˵ƺÿʦż̵һ棬͵
򲻵ʯҲģϾⶫȻϡУõȴϡУҺ͵ؾƷһ̶Ӵϵߣ÷ͧɵĳڰæӴģҪĻҿԽܸʶǿֻϽңһõȰҲٴηɵǡ
ҹϵ֮ǰĲݿתţ˫ĿãȻЩĲƵ˵
ðɣʱϣܹæһˣȻͨʵڿռҲеͷˣʹܹõУռ䴩󲢲ְҵ׷ʦܹİɡ
ۡռ䴩ƨûпǹûоԵĿ뵽˺ѿռеĺʱΰ죬ͭҲ˵ȫգ
ҹ˵Ļ·īһѪ²֪еĵǻôãԽԽǷԼСİ·īȴǶԼĶλ
רҵ׵ĴרʱħⷽҲǳ漰˹棬ܹʹôԪħħʿĴڣҲȻڱʱĽ׶ΣԼҲǾҽԼ˺ѵĿռ϶ġ
רҵ׵ķʦͨΪʦνħʿӦıǴʦ׵ְҵˣɵǾǴʳˣ·īȻʵû˸߶ȣȴжʶ
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²ЦеĿֵͣĶ飬Ū̬û˿ΣҲΣǹڶԷģȻҪԵĽԼ̬ȱܸõΧȺڡ
Ҳɫ࣬ƺ޲ЩԷԱ˿ûΪҩˡ
ˣ͵ɣҲûȥڤָҩˣҩٹʲô顣
Ϊһλʱ䱦ʽħʦʽҩʦ²Ҳܽʱ˷ĿѾﵽ׼ظ
ÿԼºһʱ仹ûġ
һߵԷĻҲȭͷգƺڿԼҪ֣û뵽ξȻôϣԼⶼûûԶԷвǾȻɳһʽҩʦڶңεԴҲԹģ
֮ǰ²һ䳰
Ϊҩʦʱ侫ѵԼˮƽϲ;һЩֶֻɢľѣҲһǾܳΪʽҩʦȴҪǲܴﵽ
²ûе˭˼ҲˣԼеû֣Լ˵仰ʱǴЩʵġ
ΪͬΪʽҩʦԼûȫյһܹƳҩ䷽ΣԼѧֵܱһϵļһǿ
ǰǼһǶǲŴﵽʽҩʦȻԸǺܶӣΪҲ⣬ǶǷʦﵽʽҩʦҲҪСһ˵ħ츳ҩ츳Ҫߺöࡣ
ѾԲ׼뿪İ²Ϊôһ仰ȴڽһŶڰ˺ܾõСһը˳
ɶ񰡣˵ûа˵ҪϽʣµҩȫ˸Ūˣ
˿޵漴Ҳ˲ôΪŮܹЦҹļһȻҲ̫
ȻǸû۹⡢װɵ˼һǺӣֽ˶Էһƿҩ󣬱˿ȴǲòϣԷҩˮƽԶԶԼ֮ϣ
ԼԼ츳ģҲûоԵİܹںͶԷͬ䡱ʮʱﵽˮƽ
ԭΪԷרҩ͵͵һƿҩؼҺ󣬲ԳĽȴѱ˿۾ɳˡ
ҩʦǱսʤУʼĥŶƿҩúоˣƵԷַ
ԼϵʱȴҺż߽š
Ųҷ˼ҪȵǶ˺ȥģȴû뵽ͻȻð˽Ǹ쵰ҩȫˡ
ý붼֪ﳢǻ쵰ҩͷļһ
ۼ˶Ҫɨ׼뿪ˣ²ûߣɧ˵ƳĻ˿ȴҲ̲סˡ
ȻѾˣ˿ҲûΣĹĵĵ˰²һۺ󣬱ת׼뿪ļһ˵
ҲܣÿƿңҳȫۣҪ֪ģЩҵġ
СƢʼı˿һǲСסҪ뿪ɳӶǸðš
˿ȫ˰²ʹĻոճ²ǲȻŭ׼ʲôģɵ˵˺ȴüͷ
Ǹҩţ
ʲô˼żѵͰҺϻˣܰ
ѱطҵĹϵҲⱣž룬һֱһ̬ģԼʦ뷨ҲԣǾҪ£λδȫɳţ
ﵽǼ˼
²ϳˣûܿλͷİҴС㾹ȻԼ˵Ҳһº͵˵
˿С㣬лܡ
ֻлĻû˵꣬ͱƢеĴС㷭Ű۴ˡ
ҿɲǰǣǰôôұֻҩѣ˺ôãߣرɽ֪
ðɣҲǱλС˸Ѫͷ
էһƺСһﱩƢͬʱְҵǿߣ˼һµĻȴܷľٶȴǡôȫԼժ˳ûн뵽˫ķС
òϲɵİ²Ҳ˿ȻˣܺùԷվżǱߺãƺﲻԾ
λС̵츳ԼҲжŵģҩʵԼҲ̫ˣҩ
Ϊ֪ҩûͱ˻һôСɣûûô
˿СҪƿҩĻͼƿǣûҪְƷзֵƷζ
Ƭ̺󣬰²ǿȰ˵Ȼί񣬵Ȼ͸¶һʽҩʦš
ֻȴû뵽һ仰ȴֽλСëˡ
ƵҩǿˮƽƳĶܱܲҺû˵أһоֵûУһɱ𣿡
㣡
Լһ⣬ȴԷֱӣ²ҲһŭǿľΪĹϵĿ֮ǰĿԵЩŤ
ʵ֮ǰԼ˵ҩʦؼĻˮƽֶζϲ̨棬ȻǸ쵰òˮƽԶ֮ϣԼһƿȥܲκԴ֢ɡ
һСֿʼֱ̺ϵҩ˿û˵ҵģҵģ
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Ҳһ֪ҩЧˣֻܾƿˡ
ӵְҵǿߵɳӶŶЭˣǸǻ죬¡ðž͸˵ˣûȶԷͽƿȫս˿ڴ
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㣡һƿҡ
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С첲Сȣһְҵ״ȶСðţԴ˵ȻҲֻʵʵԷҪεֵݳһƿ
Ͷ˵ҩƿ²ǻһ˿ߣ֪żҵ׸ʲôô⡱İһѣ
ű˿ͷҪߵĺԣ
Ҿǵļƻͳͳƣ
Ҳ֪˿Сոյʲô˼ǰƿҩѾϸˣڻãڷͨ޷ֹҩЧʧ
һ˵Ű²Ƹҽһľеҩƿ
ڣҵŴҵһҩģʽҩʦҩЧķʽȻ㲻þ׼ȷҲܸһ˽ˡ
һ˵ţ²㿪ʼ񵱳ϿʱǸĲֻ࣬ڼطССĸĶ˼ֽڡ
ñֻԼ֪ĽԹʽֻ
ߣԼħޣ㵽ʱǺϸҩĹâҲԼҵ
ϣ²ʳָϱǳһ˸Ĺ㣬һָ߽ҩһ˵
ͨҩƷʻᷢɫââԽ֤ЧԽǿġ
Ȼδ£ⵯһͻȻĴ۰âȴǼϹڳ˵۾
²۵ɿ֡
Բۣǹϵä
ûȻͨƷİâûбƷʵɫȵǸʲô
ҩܹԳâ²׼˵â̫ҩЧһ㣬ܷܿǺϸҩƷʵʵȴȫԼˣ
Ī۾⣬ԼҪô˵ܰЧ˵ȥ
⵽ʲôġͨҩ


127 ۾
۵İ׹㶼ɶԷҪֹԼˣѹ˱ܵķ嶯ûгҲ𽥷Ӧ˹ʼĩ
Ȼ˼άٶȷ棬ϵְҵϷʦƣϾҲżҶ֮֮ϵĸ߲㣬ƽջ۵ľ۹լоķʦȴ൱ơ
ܿᵽеĹؼҲڽðŵĹٶԼλҵĴС¼ϵ
ҲΪǷʦרҵ֪ʶȲ²еѶȲԲŸӰ͹ϵжϣ
²ڶСҩʲô˵ҹֻԸ͵Ըͷѣҩˮƽ֮߷ǿ¶˿Աȼ磡
˵֪ΪǸǩԼҰҩʦΪôţƣⲢʱΪľٶ
ħʦһЩصļһʲôܣֻҪԼ֪ھԼһ淢չУ
ǰʧ㱻ҰһһֲԼҵԼĽţ
ͬѾзӦ˹Щ㱵Ŀƿװҩ²оԼֱһ
֪רҵ֪ʶۺָܹܿɰ²ȴа
רҵʲȥԷֶΣܽһƿͨƷʵҩƵ̶ֳȣ
ûдҩԣƿҩҩЧҪѰҩ֮ϣ
ֱ۰Ȼһð²ҩѧʶĸо
Ŀ׵Ľٺ;ȹߣϵѧȴ˵óһڵİ²һ۱߸ĸо
־޴ķ뾫ϵĴʽʦľ޷ǿȶ
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ҩʦǸ߼ҩʦƵͼҩʱ򣬶ܱ֤Լȫȫ㡰ʧ󡱣˵ͬһҩʦͬƵƿҩϸ΢
ϾƿȫͬҩԼոʱʦ̵Լģ
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һԼ֪Χȫ޷˿ƽ״̬ƺƿҩһֱŽӽɵ۷״̬
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⣡
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ΪҩڹζǸԵģǰҩȴһ˿ƵĿܣ
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ϣԼǴɣɰ²ȴҲԼȻǰаСĻǰʵĿĸ
ǡʦѧֻܰﵽˣʣµҲκϲˡ
ƺʲôʯѾֵ߳Χİ²ɫһǺ³һѪ˲ҰԵþήҡ
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ͷӵĿһǼѾ˿ʼԹĵ̣²૵
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ǴӴгһħֽԼȰ˵ӡȥ󣬽һֻֽףҩʦ᷽һȥ²ˣȴǵķ򡭡

ңϴҩĲбҪôô
ǰƿҩƷҹƲƲ졣
ҩ˵ϴҩĲϻѸ㣬ʵ۲ϼ۸ҲûйףҪ̧Ҳ򲻵
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˵żǰûκ棬еǳƷϴҩйأǵʱֻܸ㵽Ҳ㹻˵ҩĵĵѶˡ
ǰҹ˳ɾΪҩϡ߸㲻ˣںôԿһ·ˣⷽҲѾ㹻ĳɳȻýŶ뵽϶ǼȵǻĬ϶ϴҩϽ¢ϡ
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ƽĻʵ̫Ҫһֱ֤ż棬ƽְҵǿٵΪã
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ҹһɫת磬һЦеĽӹԷһĽңѽϴóôҩ𣿹ܲôˣǮ˾ҵģ
ԴСⶼǽңǧĽң
Ҫ֪֮ǰԼȥĿɶǡͨҩżҵ渶۵ĲԼҲûôġ
ǺǣҹҪֲźã֮ǰҩһʱ䣬ǶĲ
һı˵뵽֮ǰ˶ԼУ̬ɷŵĸˣû뵽ǰλԸе㡰֡ҩʦĸ֣ȻвŻԸЩ
ţȷҪӦõģյҲûʲôѹˡ
ֻвŸո߶꣬Ǳҹһ˵˵Ҿ˴УһĨɾӡ
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ҵȻ֪ͬǻĵģ򵱳ҲǩԼˡ
Ľӹ˶Էݹһҹͷ˵ƺ뵽ʲô¼
֮ǰǵĹʧһЩ죬̬Ⱦ˵ǽΧķĻҵҩȫҵĻҪǺкãҶ۸ͷǲᷴǿӲһЩ
ҹ֪ҩⷢ£˵ȴѲµһ̬Ͼܿ
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ɼȻԼѡ˺żҡȻҪİպûء
ԣ඼־ֺĸӹϵʱҲ֮ǰҩ¼ЩĶƴӰ͸ֶΡ
ֱ³ɵģ˵µ𶼲ֵֱӲƴ˻װױ˱˲κκô
Ҫİ·ԼϹ˺żίôðǺ˫Ӯ׬Ǯ
СԼŪƲϢԼͷͨ
ԣǻǺȥɣ
أϲʲôЩ幷PYҲȤҾֻ֪ĹˣǲҾͻ᲻ˣһ˾ͻӰҩ
ҹһν̬˵һǮѾˣ͵ؾտʯĶѾˣռĵһҲˣֲż
ҹ˵ӵˣ뿪˵Щʲôʱҹƺ뵽ʲôԱһƿҩ˹ȥ
ŶˣոƷʵϴҩʲôɡ


128 ɿ
ҹҲӻĥӦλү
ڼĿĴ巽ģżҵȷǽҵĴͳ⣬ȴζ˫Ѿ˺
ĺûֹǵȻ˵Ҫǣķʵ̫࣬ǵҲҪ̫࣬ڵľҲǷҩߣ
ҪҸֶóˣʵʵżҽڷأΪҩױҵĴͳ̡
żҽҩΪҲǿµѣһоٶǼʧģڿվȽŸ󣬵ȵҲĬżܸںһʱÿǻġ
Ϊһ츳ҩʦȫ˺
ôܣ
ȫ뵽壬ⶼȫοֻʱԼϵ
ڸԣһе׼
ɵҩ׳Ӿ͵ˣԭȰ˵ĻҲֱӱ˶г𾪻𾪣
ϴҩ
˵ҲǳҩʦƳ۸ҲҩϴҩȴҪԶԶҩʦܹƵҩ
ΪְҵǿߵĿܣ
ܶһǶżְҵǿ߲Ǽĸ
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ΪʲôĬĶϴҩĿƣ
ǶһЩƷӴƽʧܸô
ͨĺϸϴҩԴǵƷָʸ󣬻ܼǿѪѼʵĶȴϡȱɫ
ͼֵ˵ǧңȴǵýǮˡ
λΪҩ᳤ļôԴҲûһƿƷʣ
ǰλүŪĶ
뵽ӵĺ࣬Ƭ̺˵
ĲҲܹ⣬ĽҲӣȴܹˣһȥⲻ֪Ҫʲô
ԷûֱӸԼظҹĵѾ¶һ˿΢ЦֱİԼҪˣµһӣܷܲѿҲԵˣԼҲ˳ֶѡ
Ķܼ򵥣һȥһ̻Ǣ̸տʯĹʱϣ󷽰ȵ渶һʽ𣬵ȵҩ۷ֺǡ

һСʱ֮żҴԺ
ƻȬϻűżҼźսߵĴһһף·ۼżе볤ϡ
׷ɱҴļλҲڣ⼸λûвеĳְҵǿߡ
¸λʲô
źĿ˵ôһʲôûõҵҲеԿǰðô⣬Ȼ⡣
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·һӵС˵
ûһ᲻ǹżҵˣǵġ
Ҳпҵĵ˻Ǽĵˡ

µķӦҲȽϼңΪϴҩⶫȷӵ˼ֻǸ໹ҪǵĻ᲻Ƽ塣
ǲڱģһǶԱҪȷһʧ
ҩʦԣǼһֱ߶ǽãΪ¢гֳܻһ㲻죬Ҳλҵȷֳһìܣλү˷š
ԴʱΪ˽ʱĲ쵽
˸͵
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ԣǵѡҵΪսôȻҩʦᣬɼǿֻǵ峤ϵ£һû⣬Ҫƴȴˡ
ֻܴ˳սǲŻһʼͱֵôǿӲ

Ľ㣬ȥǸеźҲһ۵˵ͷ
ѹԺ廹δ뿪˹̹ʱһ飬Լȷûκһλҩʦ˵ʦû
ְҵǰõиǼһȻǸӲⲫģܳΪҩʦԼôһļһҩʦֱЦ
ſȻѾȷ˶ԷĵȷȷǺе׺źҲİ
ôôɣҲعصһҪһص㳡ûܹ˵ʲôҪסľǵ㵽Ϊֹҩķ뵱У治Ҫǣ̫ˣô׼ɣ

׼¸ĲϣƼƿϴҩҹ۾Ҳһ˿Ц
ûĻżӦǻһЩʾ£ĲǣȻѾȼˣȵҲȻ


129 
յ̫ûڻݶĻѩҲŽһѵõĺ
ҵһߴҵ룬ϷӴԲڱ⣬ΪͶ˴ƬӰ
˷ͧ
ۣǻŵĵؾȻó󡣡
汦Ƶҹͬ·īĵؾѺ󣬿Ǵһ˿ƤСӣҹҲЩ档
ؾҲеˣ˺٪岻Ը⣬嶼óֻҪǮ׬ţƤһȫûһ˵
ӦҲͧȥ֮š
ˣҵѣʱ˱ѩͼˡ
ƤСӼ·ī¶˿ŵЦݣ˫ֱһ
Ĵȡ
ҲֻᵨڰӰûļ⣬ֻѩˡ
·īûĽһ˦˵
ޣҪ˵ô̵Ļһĵģôѣλǡ
ƤСӱһĵӺ󣬱Ʋͷҹƺн˸š
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֣иˣһת˵
տʯеǻв٣ⶼǱԤ˵ģѰ찡
ǰһףտʯϡ٣õ˸٣ʲôԤģ˳ûȥĴˣ۰ɡ
ԼλѵԸ񣬰·īȻǺģҹҲֵһʡˣԼʵֻ𣬼۸Ҫżȵ渶ġ

һһĹȥҹʱǳʵÿ£ÿ24СʱûͣϢʱ䶼ڤˡ
˹ĵҩĵɽڵĸ⣬ɹƿϴҩڸ˺ģ
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ţҹ뾫츳˵ҩֲǵʣǵʱȻҪѡͻڸġ
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ɱѧͽǵĽô̫ˣϾѧͽҪͻƵְҵӳĻۻҪְҵ֮
ﲢûĶǷʦɱϾĿ㹻ҹĿǰˮ׼ˣΪȫԣԼĻԣȴҪöࡣ
⸽ӵһǣżǶҶˣڳϴһҩĵ̶ӣβɾû˿֤ݡ
ҩżҲҪҪһżҰĴͳҲͬȵѹŲս۵ҡ
һкżȻҪҹˣðոһƱΪλүôȻҲϲ˵ģҹһƿʾҩ
һƿѾҹˣʽʦһƿʾҩ
⣬ҲȻżҵĸ߲Ǹе⣬˵ҩļֵλү̬ȱԼõľ߻ǳɹоҩ´ξܽϴҩ
ȻҹתͰżҵ¨˵ᡣ
ðɣȻᶼ֪ˣǵӰȻܵòϢ
ǺȻʼ˶˺󣬱ֻҩһ㾺ҹϵɿ֮Ѿȼ˹ȥ
ǰҹҲż˱ʾֱżҪ˺ƣȻΪûзʦʼгҹԿλʽʦļ
ЩԶǴҪģҹҪӰǡ
żҵҩ⡣
ǺӶŵģϽøλã
߼չҹʦҩֻҪҾ򡣡
ƽλóˣҪҩĿ۸ߵá

ҩ궼ûţȴѾɽ˺ҶżҩĴѹЧѾȻ޴棡
ԭȻҹЧȺҩ
λС㡢ɳӶԼǸðСӹϷ˵һҩѾ뿪ǵʽҩʦ²˸ֳĿҩЧȻҲסˡ
ҩڣⲻŹ֣
ˣżȫȥԭҹҩֳɣǵ˻óΪֺλү
ЧҹҩԱҩԲ࣬ҲûҩֶϡЧܲס۸˰Լ۱ȸߵĿ£
ڴðߺӶ˵ҩϡеĶЧȫǼߣҪľҪҩЧʽҩʦƷҩļ۸ʮ𲽣ҹ۵ġͨҩǻţⶥҲˡ
ȫǻ
ڵڣ۸ֻͨҩһѣ
ȻЧӦżҲѾɹλʽҩʦǩ˹ҩЭ飬ҪͳĿˣҶǵҩ¢ҲѾʽƣ
ֻҪҹڣӾͻԽԽ
ҩһҾ¥УŴĻ𱬳棬һߺݺݵˤԼıӡ
Ƿô˶ûƽԷַ
߻ͷϣԱߵҲȫȰ˵ҩ᳤峤ʽħʦмҩʦᡤǰҩѧһˣ
żҲҩʼǼλмģҲԼĵֱ̣֪
һҲ˳ֱһȭͰѶѹסˣɺŰ²ڶҩſڵһȴֱӽԭ˻ȥ
Ϊ²ֻһȰ˵ż뿪ˣᡤﶼǲԼλӱԷͨˣżҲ֮Աǡ
̬ķչͿʼȫʧˣֹһҩֱǵ߸Լҩѧʶ
ҪôĲٿزܴﵽ֡ʧ󡱣
ڷֶԷʽʦнʱᡤﻹΪһᣬԼڣԼõ£ȫ֪ʶȫ注ҪͬԷȡҩļɡ
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˵Էѹûʲôַİһ飬ƫƫͬĲͬĲ裬ԷҩЧȴҪ߳
𣿻
ҲֻܱǹΪһڰҵĶѪ֮ѧģֻʲô޷ļɣԴҲѧ
һ뵽ͺ޲ԼǲӣΪεûܰλ£Լҵսϣװױżң
峤ˣϢϢ
ᡤʱȴǴһϲǿѹĻ
żҵУ弸ȫ·磬ҰⲻǼרˣҩ򶼱ʳأ֪ﻹʲôϢ
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λϢᡤɫżҿĲλ
һҪϧۣ

һߣһǱżҵҹҲĵͶ䣬ⲻת־ܸ˫Դô
żߵˮͿˣȥԷܹԼʼӯˣԼռԼˣⲻ̫ô
ԼҲѾȥˣòö
ԴϡԼ֪ʶԼѾ˴֣ôȱˣ֪һóɶԼܸȤĶ


130 Ӧ
ҹʦֹµķֺ죬ҪΪһ˻𡣡
żܼһıָ߼̴Ӵһңҹ˵
òãҪҲҪԼǡ
ҹͷĻ˻ɢԼÿռһ˽ȥ
ƷʵͨҩԼʱʱ۵ҩҹȫ϶ˣĻһҵ룡
͵ѾһЩͼȫܺˣ
ͨҰϵְҵǿߵȫ۴Ҳٽ𻹰װֻڰ·īһְ֮ҵ׷ʦܹͨʱĻﵽĵز
˼ԼҷʦĲ϶֪˶ãҹȴǲ¾ˣ
ٷְٳɹʣƷʣټżҵһЩɱֱǿ£
Ϊϴռ侭£ȻҪ׼Ľҷˡ
ȻҲֻĸռռ˵󣬵ҵֱ25mm1.85mm(40*21+39*21)=16591000/1.85=5401659*540=895860һͿԷ895860
ΪݿĹϵҹֻɨһۣԺĪĳһӦĪľȾҲЩЦá
ֻ˼ά΢ͣһ£涼ð˰䳲ڷţԲڷŵȵص
пʷȵƾõ磬вӦôħȫܹƼ
λܹܣҹպջҲ¶һ˿صЦݣͳһľᡣ
ûκαʾžԶȼ˺̡
ȻħԼļ𻹲޸޷ɣ΢һ㻹ûԼ
ԭżṩħԼҹЧѾȫӳҪʼӯʱˣԼԼҩҪһʱС
ƫƫҹרҵҿӵļһȻȻֶͨƹȥˣ
Ϊҹֳ˼ļֵżҶҩķֳɣӯֳһָҪסġ
ǶҹľٶȴǱҹ޸ģżΥԼΥ˸ӶٹӦ
Լɲ֪ж鷢׶˭ֻᰴǩĹ£ٱҹֶתһȻĽ
ڼֱżۻѪгոյȵҪӯʱ·ˣɱû׬
ҹ̵ñģ
ҩҩȫͣϴҩۣҩԼãƷʵͨҩͶг
ǵҩ棬ͷҹռˣ
˵͸֧г
żǰڶгͶ룬ԼӪֶΣȥңг𱬣Ѿ뵽ӯѭȴҲոջɱӯһֱӱҹˡ
ЩԲƴֵż˵ҲܳסϾʱ۰Ҫ滹൹ҹͲϣеҹ渶տʯվʯǮ
Щʧżٲƴ֣Ҳ㹻˽ˣ
ϴһмְҵǿߣ嶥챻ˣսʧء
Σԭûܵʧļ۲˾޴ʧձ˵ڵսʧ֮ϣ
ʽȫײ˵Դҩ˴룡
Ҫ̶ĳ̶ȣ

ۣܣˣ
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ô
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ǶԷΪҪ뿪ǣźջΪѾͶԷ˹ϵ´š
ڶԷû뿪ǣΪҩˣ
ֱǷһͱ˼ϣ
ʧְҵǿߣͷò׿һϱȥˣ
ֱǽˮƽһΣ
˻ǿ߳⣬е̶Ѿ䵽еĵλã
ֻҪǿߵһͻ˽Լᣡڼͷλ
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һȶ֣Ĳǽӵʱ¼ָʢʱڶ޷סĵˣ
ο֮ǰѾƴˣҵĻԲȶƽżҴ䷲ȥ֮ǣ
ңҹ
ҧгݵ֣źҲ侲ѾˣҪӦԽŭ޷κ⣬пܣٸ潫ҹڹ

һ£ҲѾ𽥷Ӧ˹ҹпǹԼģ
ǵ̰ɱ˫ۣٽһЩĻ
ɶ
ǵ˭
Ժһŵĳһ׺źޱڼϯϣ۹
Ϸȷǵ͹ˣǡɳ³ϵ£Ϸ۹ȷ㰡
ܹΪһ֮źȻѷɫɳ³٣ȴԴת֮ˣ
Ҳ޷ʵ֮ˣȻѾˣΨֻ
ǸһBuffԼСһҩʦ츳˳Ⱥҩʦ˿ѷɫϵ츳
㲻ҹҲǺصˣ
ѹɳ³ΪðűҷķչˮȻѾˣѾ޷أϷȻֻܼȥ
ƺĵૣźǻָȫľٴλָż峤ϡ
ˣ峤


131 Ҳ
ʯΪ壬˷ħԵħð
ҹֲǰһѳҲ¶ɫ
ϵ¼ҲѸ߼ħΪɳ³׷ɱɱ˺ԼûȡȻûзӡħЧȥȴԼ
ҲһĿˡ
ҹʦǵﲻ֪Ƿ⡣
ҹȥλүʱҹһʵûΪҹΪʦռȺöʡ
ţѾˣк¡
ҹĲɵĿ˶Էһۣƺȫӡ
ģǼ˻׼һЩϡҩģǷһǰȥֿѡǵҩĲֿɾżܱġ
λҴүǫ˵Ǹ߰ı֣ҲΪˡ
Ժҹû˿鲨ͷ
ðɣȳȥң͵
λү뿪ҹüͷȴǲ
ȷСǰЩϻȥĻûûƤ
ʱ䣬ҹǽҺżŪڹƣեȡ˴棬ڵȴҲΪ˶ɵӣ
ǰЩѪܽѵѾˣ̫߿Լ߰˶ɵӣյĽֻԼɵƣ
ԼϢԳƣԼԼǿݿĸǰѾǼޣҪԶƭȥȻܡ
٣żλѾɵԼͷˣѡԼϵֶΣ
żҲԼݣǳôһοҹҲѾ׼ǺֶҲǰ˼ֵԤС
ҹΪԷѡ˹̹£ܺӦԵģΪܿǣеķ˹֮ӰֿܸľҲġ
Էȴѡһ˹ľ
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żҺǰʱ䶼컥ԽˣȻûְҵ׵䣬ĳͻȴҲǳ𱬡
ΣżҲ֪óʲô棬Ȼʱ˵ң٣νԼȥֿĶ⣡
ÿʼƷԼѾ㹻žɱô
԰ӰգգҹסĵطõĽмǿ̽
ְҵ˵ֻܰոţλҴүЦݱŵɱȴȫ׽ˣرᵽֿʱ
ѽѽǲܴ˰ĿҲﵽˣʱͬǸˡ
·ۣӴվֳħĴһµһ貵ħ·ԽΪĿɢ˿
ףȻǶʥʿôԹһοͲԵڶˣ
ǿħŶҹҲ¶һ˿⣬ϴεŶԷƤӿӡ̰
ħҡΪʯ̱ݣĿԼԪص״
Ȼͬ˵ƻźǱߵ˹ɡ
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ΪǿǣԼͬħ˽⣬ԷȻԼӦԣ
ȻҲûбǿߣԵѲ̶ȴż֮ϡ
ߣȻˢӣͷĽʦټ
ҼᡤĿǷ˵Ļ֣ûʲô˵
Ƿʦ֪ʶ˵żַäܱȵģһ۾Ϳҹĸţ
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ҹҲ֪żҵʲôìܣֻҪǼեȡĶٰҩַңھͷ뿪
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ҹѵЦ£ЦӯӯĿŶԷȻżǰҪĶ˵ˣԼһƱһʱ棬ԶԶûԼʱЯ
ƺһ˴˵ҰҪҪȸɵ˵ء
ҹһЦݡ
Կ
ᡤȻһĮȫǿţ岼á
ʱԶԶļХȴѾԶĴ˹
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֧ԮХͬʱֻ²Ӱƿ֮ͬʱҹĽڷɳֱеᡤȥ
ٶ֮켸ǸոҾ͵ִǰ
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ߵв˿壬ڷϵʦԣζԸǱ޿Σ
ǿǰƺɾҪʸ
֧ȴ˿ûܵ׼ԸӰ죬ֱƿն
ħߣ
ɫ΢΢ɫᡤϳž죬öָ塢һȺ飬һʮɫĹ⻪ǰ
ʸ֮ǰ̸ʱ͵͵ħʱҲܲסĿķȺƫƵķ
ʦǮʦֶζ࣬ԷʦŻվͬ۷壬ְҵҲᱻѹƣ
ʱźΪ׵ļӰҲѾ˸
Ѷ
Ԯ˾иĺô
ڵҹƺһЦһ
ţᡤͷֲԾ֧ʸȻ綤ǽһֱӶԼ֮ܵУ
վʯ
ˣģ±Ӽǵò岻ֱҲ壡
ʸŹ⻪ȵҪʱȴܵĿռ䶼ճ
ƾ޴еһ޷
ôܣְҵ׾Ȼͽռõ˳̶ȣ
ᡤϹ⻪ֱƷʹãɾ޷ѣ
ʱҹѾٴδһöʸ˴ӳ֣һ
âһƲеᡤҲɴ۾ƺȻţ
һ̣ƻϱ˺ѵͼһ㣬ѳ˼ӿе䣡


132 ԱƱ

᳤
ᡤνͻȻԼǿʼúõģԮˣôıƷ
һ̾ͱĲк
ħŵʽļλʦ϶¶˱ɫ
ұҲûʲô̫õóֵǿߣҪǿᡤﱾչģ
ᡤνҵļǣһλҵĶǷʦʵҩˮƽԶԶ޷ȣֱӱ־ҵ˥䣡
ɱᡤĿĴɣҹҲǺܴ˿˵ʵϷʦȻλǶ⣬ȴǸҹѹˣ
Ԩ֪ʶӦԣԼеħ֧ԮһŪԼ֮󽫻൱鷳
Ѹٵ˻ɱʵҲҹóŬ׼Ԯһ˲©ǰӵĸħԼʣ²Ϊļöʸ
ݵƻʵķӶõ˼£
Ա߸ϵźνĿü֤ᡤ䣬ļɣ
ǵľ֣ŵ˴ôȻĵһ󷢺һ֮С
Լᡤ߳λҲɱ
ŶѽŶѽ˭ⲻǵŴô˾ֵǲܿĿ
źĵҹƿͷϵĶñһֱӰеòչ¶˳
ϤףźƶϺ׼ҲȻѹסͷľ
ɳ³㵽ǸҴʲôһ֮ЩҲûȰɣ
ŶòᡤôѲϼһﾹȻˣ
˹̹߹߲ǵģҲΪ𣡡
źƽվݶϸŽڵҹ
Ŷ˹̹¼֮һ𣿡
ѹôǿ϶ǽ˶ħ
ԣһһҪҲĵġ

źñӺвΧˣͬĸֻǺ
¶Էĺ¼޹أֻҪ˶Ϊǣǣ
һˣ˵˺Ҳûʲôã
Ǿ͹ɳ³ϹһСҲû취ڳˡ
ҹɫ˿ˮĻҡֻʤߡ
Ϊ컹ǵֻСԺķΧƿ֮࣬Χȫְҵʦɨһ㲼õأûЩļӳɣʲôҶ
ԣˡ
ֹڸıܵΣ
˫ѹƶԷƵʱ򣬸άּŵְҵʦȴ˼е
ֶڽֶΣͨǸ֧ʸܿΪ
һְҵȫƻܵ棬Ҫɲãҽƿڹǣ
źϵĻ˲ãҲǷֱȥ
ǹϵϽ磬ǿľӦǡػͣṹǺҿðӰħкͣЩƽûʲôõֱӶȥҲ
λдĶǷʦűʹǿþǿ侲ʼһ߳ı
֪ʶ常ôҲһλʽʦ
СǷˡ
ҹƲƲ죬ƺЩͷǺŽź˵
ţᣬͲ֪Ҳˡ
˵ԭźλȴȻһȱڡ
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ֻǡ
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㣡
ѹͷĲźȫܹ˶ԷĿĶߵ
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ҹӦԣȴȫڵıأȻҲǶԹͬһײ
ӵҵħҹѾƣ


ҵĻ𻨽䣬˫Ȼ˲Ϣʮεײ
ʽһģһ

Ӧ˵һ
ҹǵʵֻ˸ͨףӲǶԹϿȥһʽʵѾ˫ɵľ޴࣡
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ĳǰҲΨֻԼҲսǼս

ǴԼѧģ
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Խй̣źоԽǿ־壡
ԼѾ˶ֵĵƣԷûϴεĸ߽׾ӳɣԼҲûܵ״̬ѹƣҲ˫ͫĳ
ΪԼȻӮˣԼ֮ľ࣬Ϊλ֮£
ԼԷʽ͵ͬʱ־Ȼӳ׵Լʽѧȥ
ΪﵽսӶӵӦֵķֽԼе
⡭
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Ľжƴܿư٣źԻռƣ˫ƾУڵʱźȻѾóƵѹŴ
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֧ǿֲܣ
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ڡ
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Ҹǿ
ɳ³ϵ£ʵĻ㶼Զˡ
ա
ֱ۶ų̬ʬ建£һƬҳ


133 

żҴڽ֮źȥ˶ŭѩ׵뷢ͬʱеҲԼǿࡣ
ʼᡤﵱ֮жһϲ˺ιϷҵ档
뷨ûͣתͷԼҼͬɱ
ѸߵĴ϶ԣǽجģԸԼ
ŶѽпռأϵĶ϶кܶౣƷɣˡ
յռԼսƷźȡ¼ûħҼ봢ҹƴҲʼ˶ಹ
꣡
¶˲ٵĹħƷõĽ磬ھôְҵǿ߶ݵĺҲʼѺۣرһЩƷĸʴǼġ
ڵϵħʯȺ˿
ΧżҵľǣҲ
ûεĶǿÿ£ϣ
ˣҲ޷ζԷְֻҵ׵ƣ
Ž磬þֶδﵽǰսѾǼ޲ǣ
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ֻҪķƿ¶ֵֻ
Ȼ󡭡
ǾͿ˶Է̵ͳ˸ҩʼ๾ĺ
ҩ
ʻָҩ
Ԫ׺ҩ
ʾҩ
ҩ
Ѫҩ
ԭѾҪ;ƿݵϢҲһƿƿҩĹȥʼѸٻָ
󻹲˳ˢһϵףЧ
ŶԷԼṩƵҩԸԼ壬żҴϼֱҪըˡ
ãúúãϷͲҩЧܹôķӳ㷢ӳˣô˵Χʲô
żҴϱŭһԼصĽӦƣԱеǿҲͬʱ˹
ǵˣΪ羻һֱûôֵķʦʱҲͷųԼ
߼ѧͽҲþʽǰ׼˽λԶ̵ĹҲܼԶ̹ǺһŶԷ˹ȥ
֮ΧɱĽսϵǿߣ
صҲӹ̷·ţ
ػڳҪɱ
żҴʣµĶǷʦ϶¶˸ĲпЦ⡣
֮ǰʷǿǿĨɱˣ
䣡
ӵı𣬱ȿʼǳĻܶҪö࣡
ԱΧְҵǿǣನѹƵĲϵĺˣܵҲܵȻ
ʦħԶְͬҵʼᡤһѻԷͲòýֵ˶ĽλħӣȻȫʬ
ҵıըƺǶ˲ȫ˶ǻϿյĺĺɢĺܡ
ȿȡɢһҪȷϣ
֪ԷѾʮżҴϻȻ˵ΣĶԼżһҪõϣռҪôױݻٰɡ
˲ķϵħǰŨҲʼɢ
ֻǡ
ɢըһڿеĽɫȴ͸ǰ
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˶޷Լ۾ʲôȻܹǿĺ
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ɽڵΪģʮöվʯĽëΪڵ㣬տʯëΪɵķ֮
ͬʱÿë϶ӡŵĿɵԽڵ㣬˲ϢѸؽ磡
ҵûôָţҵľɲûʲôġ
ڰյҹҲаЦݣûоԵİգԼôһˣ
յƺ̶յɿɿͬʱҹϾ͸ƿϵɡ״ˣһͳ׵ĸ߿գ
տʯƵӵĿռ丽ħԣֱǶԿռΪγɵٶԶԶҪٶǿö࣡
Ȼ󡭡
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134 Բ
żҴ̧ͷûĴ򣬶ܾڿеӰɫѿ
Էһʼȫ˵ȴװһ̬
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жǿٶж죬ÿһԼеĲ裡
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ǰ񶼳ãƺԥԼǷҪȼպģƺԼԼȼպкã

ԷƿΧգתּһְҵǿǿߣ
ĪѹҲֳʣвΧԱƵ±ߣ˲Ƿܹõó˹ʼԿ
Ȼҹ¶ǼԼЧɱ˰뾶ĩˣЩϵʵβλܹЩв⣬ִָ߶ȶ첻
ӦԷķҹֽĿһ֮ϡ
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ЩҲȭͷСЩԪ֮һ֣ڿбһ̶УԪظ߶ѹŨħϢա
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ͬŵżҴϴʱҲȫסˣ
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ҲмֻʳķħޣҲҪһֽţ
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ֵǧ򲻵ҹ൱֮⣬üһܹΪǵĺģ䱾Ĵ·ʽȷżҪöడ


135 ʿ
״ˣΪʲôҪС͸ǸһҪ˵˵ΪżҲûҪɡ
˹ĹĵĿԼĸײŭȻҩѧ֪ʶǸһԶԷȴǺܲðʲô˶Լͺÿţߡ
Ѿߣص˹ǰĹĵСŮҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
˹۹ҪųԶ㣬żң٣żʲô˳õô͹ˣҪλҹǱ
ЦеԼŮͷ˹пƵ˵
Ǽ岢սƣԱҪˣһֻʳħǧ𲻻˵ļֵֵأ
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ҹ֪Լϴ»ת˶Ȧ֮Ѹٽɵķ磬ôûԼ˺ѡ
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ҹ׼ʲôʱϤ

ҹһ±Ƶ״̬Уһ˫ſ׵СֱĺᵽԼ棬ת뿪


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ԼĿʧȥϢİ
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⣬һЩ֮Ĳ˳ӦŴ˹ûдʵϵȴһ̹ĸо
Ѿ⵽ʲôԼҹĵҲůʲôǱܺѪ֮
ӡģ
ϹʱЯߵȾǨʱһȶȼߵԼͨɸѡ֮Ů˾ԾŮʹõԼ
ԼûʲôǿԼԼ߻Լһиѡߣ
ʵ츳Ǳ
ΪԼ˫һ໥ԼߵʵһֱָѡһС׵ĳ̶ȣ
ʵ⣬˫һʱûﵽʵһͻףӶûٵٶȡ
֮⣬ûκӲԼ


137 ͷ
ҫ۵ĹԽ¹£ȻһƬƺʼһжǻþҹڸĺȴһֱ
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ҹѾܵضڲͬҲ˻֮ǰոȫһɨգҲԵĲԼ츳űըԵ
оͻƳΪĸдҪõö࣡
ǰŷֹһ츳
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ģ˫Ķͷһš
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ѾԼҹԼλԼߣг˸ӵɫ
ӡĵķΪ̣ҹ֪ΪԼȻԼû̫ӲиԼԶԷɵӰ˿ԭħԼӰС
Ҫȥ
ƺȫûܵԼӰ죬ƽƺոǩԼĶһֻСһ
ǡôһҵȻҲгŵ
ҹ̯˵ʵ˵ԼӦǶԷˣ̲סҪú۸һ£飬ѡԼѵԼȥô޺ô
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ֻǾҹͷʱȴͻȻܿʼһֻɵ
Լ밬⣬ƺеһжһ㣬һϤİĸоͷ
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ϤĲԺҹȫӦ˹ǰɣôͱռˣͷʲôطȫһĵط
꣬ڶԷĵ̵渲ԼȷǺ͵NTRûʲôȻֱ뵽ռˣ
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ĬƬ̺ǿնٶȴԺ
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Ѷȸı䣬Ѷ½ݲ䣬ƳʧܵͷޣѶ½ΪģʽѶʹһ񡣡
ҹǽסٻޣǰŵ֣һתһͬʧԭء
ʧȥʶʱҲֻдЩЦǰյ˰˷ı꣬ҪծʱˣϣҪ̫Űɡ

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ԱߵİΪѾΪʹӦþˣӱϿȻһֱһԿţνĳͷҲĮģƺӵĳ˿Ӱ쵽һ㡣
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ҹҲϵĴʹҪְҵ׵ģ
ڳһٶְҵףҲǳΰ׳ۣҡ
һģȻĸȫǳҵǸ·ɣϢоˣרҵף
Լ˵ĸ֪ҹĹ۲ԼĿǰǵĵֻεĵΣΪӵռĹϵʹƽĺܸߣ׽ĸרҵ׵ĴϢ
Լʧܵͷרҵ֮ԸԼ
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רҵǿߵĶؾѹȣ
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δսѹְҵǿߵʮʵӲĳɣ
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ԭϼһ
ʱһ֮һҲˣƺϳλȫںеӰݡ
ϷոսپѾųˣε鷳Ϸһʶ
߷ͷ˵òͨͷ࣬һֻ۾е
λ˵ûε鷳ϣλҪٷֿЦӪˣǴҶһӪ
λûڵĴ֮һһòͨȴ̲ס׽е긾º͵Ŀڽջ
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º͵긾˲ûаڴеļӡ
ͬһӪһٶˣ
λˣ
ʲôѶȵ񰡣
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£ռʵһֶʹĶͣǸõǻȸĶֻ࣬к»ǰѶȼҲ൱޴
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Ѷǿ϶Ҳĸ˳Ϊӣ۾ǵĶ򣬲ľ͹顣
ֱʱ򣬴˲ŷ֣ԭרҵ״ˣ
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ΪѶ̫ߣǿ˳ȥ̽·»вСĵִֻܾСģʽȼ򵥵ɳ
˵ʱ٣ΪǾӢеľӢǲ겻
Ҫ֪ʹѡΪ̣ѪѾѣҲģټϱռ丽ĸֶԼ
εʹͬս϶ҲҪְҵսɳ³ϵ֮ϣ
̸źˣͨʹֶζϮնɱ
׼ʱһӶǰҪӦУӦʧܣ۳һȡ
ռ䣬ΪҲûʲôĨɱĳͷᰴĿֱӿ۳ӦĴۣ
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ʵǱ֫ȵȶпܣ
ȵĶһ൱ǿһȻԿ۳Ϊλڳû˸ȫ۵ҹڣ
ʱҹ˵͵ͬһ⣬лһɻԼݿķϿϴΣƺʲôԼĿǰ׵ı
ռ񳡾ʲôΪеŶ


138 ˣ
ܵٻ˶֪ʱ˿̴˵δ
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ִܹģÿһ˶ʹ֮ܵˣÿһεĿռ丣ܹʵ̫
ҹܹöǮ򲻵ɽڵϿ֮أһͻ˺ô֪Щʹ֮ͨĲࡣ
ÿһ˶֮ܿӣÿһ˶ǾӢеľӢ
ңÿһλķ»ģְҵҲûһְҵٶǣ
һЩʹյһֻһٳͷĶ㹻ƽǣ
ҹְֳҵеԵ쳣ͨΪȫϢӵ·ۣҹεûԼְҵ׵Ϣ
ֻһ˵ĻװɵĹ͵Ļȫû⣬κٻޣȿȣԼʵ̫ˡ
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ԱߵҹƤס˶Է
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ȥǸļһһϱ̬ˡ
ֻɢɫĺӣҹǺëֱԲۣŮͽɶ䲻ŮͨԵġ
ҹ͵סͷֻɫЦӭ˦ģ
ѵľա١öԷһ°
ȻˣȻ߲źãҪνˡ
ҹĻ˵꣬ܵһЩĿԵĶ˹ĿжϷʺζľȡ
ŮͽһֱͷߡԳƵģһЩƵ£һȴǵļɻ䣬Ǿǡ̬ݣ
ȻĵȷȷǶǵݣ̫вȵʹֺĹϵǶֳƺȴǼΪУ
ͬġֶΪԼѵǣҲǽڡ̬Ľˡ
ȻΪһֱҹԣȴֱԷɸӣ
ԭӡһ׼ŵЦ̼佩Ӳ£󣬿ҹΣ֮ɫ
ǡȻ㲢ҵθڣץ˻ᣬһ󷢴ȱһʲô˼伫ֵġ
ֶĵķθУҹͷˣԲۣ޿Զ㣬ٲŶ
ҹѾܲס׼ԶԷЩʲô֮һЦȴǴһ
²ҪΪ˼Ǿͺ۸
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ְҵ׺ѿ䣬ԷȻֻǰµĸ磬ȻҲ̫󣬿϶40ǣ츳ڰ֮£
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ǻʲôĻܻܿרҵ״УѹëСһ۸ڶӡ
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Ӧһºŵһٴζҹڵ
ϢλӦûǰɣʱҺͰſ϶ǻᱻ̯ѶģǵĻпܻΣա
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ָ̬ҹﶼƲƲ죬Ȼֵܰһģӡĸ䣬ΪԹҶôһҹҲǴӶԷѧԽǽԼŪĲۣؼʱԽ
иȥʵϲİӷ棬ԼӰ¶á
ȴû뵽ƨɣһ¾ͷ˵Щʲôˡ
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зִ硣
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СΪʿȻЩ⣬ܹΪʹһ·ȴǿ϶ûߴġ
һͬǰŵҲһһûһͬŵ˵ʲô
¼Ԫǧ峬ʥʮλʥλܣʮһλʹʹĿȴֻռݹ߲һĿ
⣬ڰ²ҪСĵ㣬ȻСǿվûƣ²ʵǲСġ
ò˵ȻҹʥкܲԷԨԴļѧȴȷҹ֪Ķܶණ
ħ֪ʶ۶ԷȻȲϣɱһЩڲĴҰʷȴ˦൱࡭


 ʧʷ


139 
ҹ׼һֱôȥһҵҪ̸ʱһɼʵĲȴǽ˻
гԶûмŶ뵽ʲô֮ҹҲǻȻͳһž˺һֻܱǴӿе
ſڵϿ°ĭ
װܲǶᶬߵôôܶ
ֻܣҹҲЩû취˵ɸ
ΪвʹʿֳٻԼʵвٵģҹֻܻȻ˲
ֻЩĿ඼ǴųЦ⡣
ûרŵıϣԴ֮ĴΪܹʿʵӳġ
+ʿ1+12ȻʩչֽŵǺһˡ
ӶԷȫǲʺԼģֻʵߵģǵʳħޣֳеǻԵò
ǡµ۹⻹Ƕء
ŵƳ˵ϵķһۣƤЦⲻЦ˵ȻҲǽҹʿʹˡ
Ƕܴƶû˵Ҳ֪ҹиıΪҹٻԷûǩԼ
Ļ
ǣҵٻ޿ˡ
ҹܴķʴƨ׼ãǵֱֽűȥԼҲȥͷһ±ƵŵνЦ¡
Ǹ˭ǱϾǻӪģһӪļһﻹԶĺá
ҹѧҶίȫһһҸӣһôƳ簬ţʱͷʵа⻷ھ͹ˡ
ȻڻҪһɶһ߿ˣһֱǲԼͲԼ뿪ӣǾ뿪ÿȻǴٻһ뿪
ŲģԷ˵ˣ̲ס

⧲ιһڹŵ±е±ưλС㾹ȻûԶԷӴת־ȻԼԷ˺󣬶ʱŭЦ
Ǽʹһɵ֣
һʿΪԼΪʹ֮ϣ
Լʼǿ㣬ʹǲĵܵе㽻鿴ܷ£һ£ڿȫûҪˣ
ֵõһƮƮȻȫԣԼͼʵļ
ðɣʵҹѹֻһҪԶѣ˵ʵˣеʲôŭǡ
ɾƽĻǲ¶˼Խи߰ŵʹˡ
ӳͺŽԿףΪǱ˵ʹʹϼļӳɣԼȻˣ
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ŵĿԵЩҹԼɱҲû
ҹû뵽һﾹȻôģԼֻǲһѡ뿪ѣҲɱ⡣
Ȼֵ˵Ըһ
Ȼŵ²ҹһ𣬶һˣҲΪĳּʲŻ˽
С㣬֮ͽ뿪
ҹû˵ʲôŵ±תͷ԰˵
ȻεĿŶԷƺŶԷһ㡣
԰䵭Ը񣬰˳ǲֱӻشԼֻҪûشԼ͵ĬˣȻǿгȽѵСһ٣֮ѧԷ
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ԣһֻܣһֻȽϺֻܶѡ
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޳ܵĻҹţǰɣȫߵĻ㾹ȻҲ˵óڣ
ԷȻжֵ˼ҹŭֵҲʼϴԼʹʲôֶͬΣ

ʱǰλеķ֣ȴǴһɳƵĺǳ⣬Ȼ࣬ȴ׾ٵĻǰա
ŵſҲսרҵ״е񾭡
ԼܹԶԷΪԼǿרҵ״еĻҲͬˣ
ӹһ١
ݺݵĵҹһۣٴο۰ţŵ˵Ļ
ɰҲô˵ء

ΪŵµȷһЩҶҲСˣרҵ״еĹע
Ա߻вΧע⵽ġ
ܷˣʱҲǸеЩŹ֣ҵ찡Сӿȥ͵͵˵һںɱȴ̫ˡ
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СӣƽƽʵλߵĻȻѡػǲǸé®ͷɡ
һߵҹǲ֪Լӡ֪Ļʵģû˻עԼ鷳⡣
ܴ϶ԼﻹǺġ
٣ǣһƨɶҪѿ˵İɣĵӺãֲʿҪëսʵŶܴŮŶ
ҹԼееǣŵʱԼķӦ൱ƽƺһΪƽһ㡣
ΪӡĵĹϵԼ԰ŵĸйһֹĸı䣬ǡ
ƺû취ʲô۹뷨ˣƺ˵Ĺϵһһ㣬һȴû취ֵ
ͺֻĸߵȾ֮ദһ
ŵҹԼԼʲôܸεˣԺһЩڼ仭еȺҩ满
YYһЩƼ棬̧ͷƣȫɢһʪϢǰ˿ûãСֵܻ
ǲʲôʧ¡
ֻǾʱ򣬰ǲӸ鲨Ŀ֮ȴҹЩΣȿȣýˣȹӦûʲôɡ
УҿԼҪò֪𡣡
ҹǿתƻ⣬ֻǵ˵
ᰴĦ𣬸ҷһ¡
˵ܴϥ˰ϣܽӴĺȻҲ
Ҳ˳ӵĽŻ۵Ƶϡ
ꡫ

ҹɴ۾ҪʱһֻסͣĮȻĻش
ˡ
ҹصҪѣκζԷλԼߣڸҲǰȫƣǵˣһȫȫڵǿѹڳϼѹƶ
ʲôо
ҹ㷢е㲻ԣεļѹ֮УΪλԼЩϤĸоǡ
ݿٵ㣬ϵļУһ֮ͬԼɢʼѹֿ
ȻϻӵźĲ࣬ȴѸٵĥϳɳ
ǡ
ûԼѾûҹʶľ˳
ҵѪ֮
ҹƽɵķԼϥϣһĥҹոѵһƽ˵

ԼͳѪ鼮ʱ򿴵һֻݳʵϼǿĳϡѪʾΪѾ
û뵽ͨԼԼ󣬾Ȼǿ״̬վѵġ
ŵݣִ
ʱǰλ۴е
ųȥ̽Ϣ˶ˣׯһС򣬶ǸҪ˵ҲԶӷϢﻹЩʱڵϰףǵֳһλ档
ȻҪ۵ǰ漸λӦöѾ۹ˣλֻͨһѣֻţûȨ
ֳķλ棿
ڱϣҹԺҲӳ˼оѣΪֳĹϵĻ֣Ȼʱλͨγһλ棬ʱڵϰ
˲ŷ飿ԲҪԼ˹µ
Ȼȥоݣҹܾƺе㲻Ծȴ˵
ҪִҪӶݳɹеģԾò̫ԾҹҲûиʲôĴ㡣
Ȱһĵһźá
ѶĺܴĻȺʹ󲿶ӴһаȫһЩ
ҹǵʱ򣬶ҲѾ˱仯;ȫһٶٶǵְҵǿߣ
һȷĿƶٶȵǸܸܵģӺСʲôȫûҪͣˣֱĿȥ
һٶ˵ְҵ׶ҹǰǴûʶȴʶˣһ߿ƶ󣬳ȴ൱𺳡
¶鿴ȥЩɢҲ棬ɼܲסٶ̫죬̫Ũ
һŹĿֱȥ
ƹɽͷǰһƬƽԭƽԭľͷƵľ޴ɽ
ɽཻûɽļһΰҪεضǿнɽȫ⴦ƽԭĳȫ
ֱ˹ɽ񹤣
⣡
Ҫ


140 ڻ
ǰҪˣΪ˰ȫͣ£ʱȹȥ˽
ӵĴҲһ˾֪鱨ҪԣǰλҲȽʺϣڿɹľ䷶Χ֮⣬רҵ״Ҳ־룬ᡣ
ҹǰԶĺΰʱͻȻǸеһ
ͷȴǷ˰ſܴͷϣȻֲϵܴǰצǿиıŷƺҪһ

һֱС椶еӣǸʲô
ǵ뿪
ſŵʱնѹ˿ɰ״ܴצƽ˵š
Ϊɶ
ҹȻеͷԡ
ġ
ŵô飬һ˿Ŀȴ˵ҹеݡ
ͻȻô˵ҹȻҲǴ˵СһǾԲ˵Ǻ˵Ц
ףҪѾ˰ɣеɫ̻𡣡
ôԶͷ˰ǿûҪôŶ
ҪҲŸ֪Ĵˡ
ҹ׼ϸһµʱԱ߱ǳһЩ˽̧ͷȥ֮ҪϷɫźŹâ
âֳصصĻ߹켣
ԼĹĳżأӦǾ˼
ȵȣԼ˾Ǳߵλò۵ĿɴΧ֮ⷢʲôëľŶ
̻ͰŵĻ֮ҹʱë
Լ˼ҪһѾԷ²ôΪ
ƺһ㱻ҺˣǾյλУʵεʲô̶ȣ
գɲô
ȴ˫һЩ֪Ǳַ磡
ҹ˲䴮꣬Ҫʲôʱ򣬱ǿҪǽŰħâһɿǰΣгͷ
޷޷֪̽ħ⣬ԼǿһΣ
ֵһ̣λе긾ˣ̾˿УһľȨֱָǰ
ͬʱ˾֮лͬѾʧȥºͣԴе
ǽʱڵĸħڣͼ󣡡
ľȨȶ˹âţһѷӡеķģ˲䱬˳ճһɫɵľ޴󻨰
һŨϢ˳ܵĵ涼ð˴ݡ
ɻδȵ⻨ţƿնεıŰѾ⻨֮ϣ
˶ں󷽵ľ߲ҶƬһһ飡
Һ̬ɫ磡
ǰӡǿ赲Ƭ̺λרҵ׵ĴŮҲԼ׼
ŮıӻΨһ
ɢһ͵ɫԣΪһɫƱ˿
һɳʥϢһֻعĸ׻ĸо
Ȼ
ɸо⣬ǰԵоǿ
ڵһԪزȫոͻɫҲۿɼٶȿٱɢС
ֱޣ
ŮΪߴ֮ףͽʹҲԸΪ£
˹˹
ӻɢȥǰʹ˷ĩƮ
˫ײ©Щನ
߸жǶ⾫ӢʹȻû˿ľʹ˻Ϊޣ
ó˼λ˶ĵ׷ͷƤ飡
ⶼŸոտʼ
ΪһĪԭȻ
˼λ⣬߸˵λû˭޷⣡
ҹҲϵһʶרҵ״еĿֲ
䣡
һжѾֱʱƿմĿźһɻĲ˰Ϯ
泤Ļȫ룬ϵﶼ죡
̫͹λıʵˣûĴбĻҪƣѾûӦһιɢȻԼ취Ҫ
λһ֮ǿѹֲڻŮУδȵನɢǻһâԶȥֻص
ǵˣʱ˲ŷ֣λӲĴ⣬λѲ֪ȥ
ڳʹ˼λⶼǲμӹ˾Ȼ˲֪ڵѡ
ԭһٶ˵Ķ飬̼ɢ
ʱҪϷٴ˼ϤıŰħڻâ
ҹڱϣܴƨĿ񱼣
֮Ҳչֳǿһ棬ȻƱ׾̤֮ʱȫȴܷӳԽͬƶٶȣ
ϵܱٶԶԶһ㣡
ҹһѾ׼֮һԾֻȷⱿܴŰˡ
ƺҹΪȷ̫ԶԷڻҲȷǾ˼Ӷ̫࣬ɢ²ûйҹߡ
ֻԭ˼еһƽأֱӱһֲĢƣ
ûбɢȫ޴˳ܴŶƷ
ֻΧ㲻ϵЩನˣ

ųֻܣϻֻٻޣҹǿƵĽԶһСԣµΧкöĿನ
ͷԶıըλãжͣĢƣĪѾս˰ɻ쵰
ͣڷľѻǹ̶Ȱú˵ըң
һ֪Ҫ˰һٶ˵Ķ鰡ⶼûҪء
ҹһſڵ۾ɪɪܴһۣЩε뵽ȻΪͷ治򵥰
ʵòȺһﶼΪԼѶȽϽġ
вء
ڴʱ֮£ҹҲͻȻü
Աߵİţ䶯˶Ҳǿһ˫־޽ڵ棬һƽ
׵ʵӳΪȥ˲ֵðոƺһװӡ
Ҷɳɳ죬һЩٵӰӰл߳ǵ̰¶һֲ̬Цݣǿķһ˵аŮʹ²


141 
ôҵǵģҪ˵ֻ²űǸŶ
ҹᲱӣڶԷĻеĶƺһ㶼ûϣʵ
մ˵㲻ɾĶ׷ɱ˸ⷽѾעˣϴľҩȥζҩƷʵĶˡ
ϲӦʲôԵζھ֮ģְҵȴҲԼĸ֪
ŶȻʳô⣬ҲǸոճΪʹ̤ռ˰ǲأôͽּѶȣܲ˵ϲ
²Ȼûлش˼ƺҹĻеóһ鱨
ȻȻȥֻɫĺӣܹΪʹܹΪְҵǿߣȴǼ򵥽ɫ
ȥ̽һ£󡣡
֪ͨ̽ʲôҹҲǸɴ࣬ԱߵİŻ˻֣ͷûתһֱŰ²Ͽ
Ȼ̽Ǿжҳ
ǰΣѶȵУҹһܹλҵԼеǿʹڵĻ
ԱߵİҲǸж˵ļһҹ䣬ϱǹâһ

Ѫ֮ǿ£ŵͻٶȼֱ˼£
Բóٶȵʿ֮ؼ̼ͳ˰²Ĳ棡
ǿ²Ȼȫûǵ÷Ӧ
ոתе˫־޽û˿һļն
ʼնٶ޺Ѫ֮ٴתԭƮ˫־޽ͻȻԶԶˮ׼
дһı
帲Ƿİ²ҲͬҪܿӰԵһһ̱㱻ŵһֱУ
䣡
˫֮һɢĿƣ
²ڵһĵɳȥ
һƣ
Ѫؼ׵ʿְҵЧֱ̬
ʱҹΪεǵʱһɱһֻǺһֻħޣ

Сĵ㣬һе죬ոһûԤЧȡʱ䡣
ҹ²ɵķüüͷԭڵͫת̼ɺ֮ɫݲƿٵı
ʲôһնУֻǻɶնϡ
ָо˹̹ʱڡйƵݲɰ²ҲʿƫϵҲʹõ
ıʵʲô
ŶѽѽǿĹֻǵĽλƾһȴѾԻɱְҵǣأѹŵ»ľ档
˵嶼ֳһֲŤ²ббĴӱɵķ򻺻˳
ȫŤȥǿֲҲϵĵƤ¶ɺļ⡣
ĹУϲϷ꣡ĶһжŤĹͷ˿һߵĸԭ
ϺüƤĵطֳɺ죬׵òһ൱ĸо
ֻôǿһػ²ȻָֻʣһЩƤˣ
Ǳ̬Цչ¶һӵķ
̫ˣĹ㣡ٶ㣡
ȻûбԷĹ̬ŵûԼĵֶΡ
һ̱ǡȡʧԭأ޴ĺڶܺݺݵĽָ߸߻ɣһԾڿиԷһѹԵ
ɵһ̱Էٴβʮ²˶òΣһ⣡
ɼˣȴȻδ֣ͣضܻ潫Էȫ·̧ܳǾ޽˫ֳ˼ֽڡ

һڵĻ˫ѳ˽ȥڲܿϳ˸·
רҵ&֮
һһ޴󽣹⽫²ȫ˽ȥ
ܵľѸٵĵ㣬ɫ
̫ˣ̫ˣǹȻõϣϵʱȻܹĻȻ̫Ȥˣ
ɫɢһգ¶һ䶯ɵΣεͲλѿ˴̶ⲻ䶯һЩĵ벻ϵ˳
°ɣˡ
ٴס˽ҹֹ̧
Ѫ֮ĵԼԽʹóרҵȻȻûʲô飬ŵȴ൱֮ûҪðա
ŶࣿѵһССǣܹҪǿĹոĹѾﵽְҵ׵ٽֵˣҲκβҷֺ
ſİ²ʱѾȫ˴ֹ֣߰ĵĴ裬ֻһźϵġ͡
һ£ҾƷʲô˼伫֣ͷǵıԣԼΪūɣ
²״̬£ƺЩ־壬˶Щ
һΣնֻҵϢӴְ²ɢչֳ޾а
ΪҪһ£ھΪλҪװɵ
ⱬĿҴ֣ҹϻָƽָͫ˺ɫƲƲ졣
ΪǶô߱Ƹļɣڿӳ̶ԶԶȲͬ
δ䣬ҹָƺˮһѸٵĳҹָ˼ᣬʾȻ²ɢаһģһ


142 Կ
ܣܣҵĶͣҵģС͵컹ң
ԭһֱһſ񣬷ģʧȥǵĴְ²ҹָ˲Ͼۼȴƺȫ޷ǰʵһ㡣
ɵ׼ЩʲôʱȴͻȻֲ֪ʱܵĵӴħƣ
Լȴ⼸ħ룡
һħֽڳԼ棬γһһ·
ȫһеж
Ŷڲŷô״̬ķӦٶˣһʦվôãҲ
ҹ԰²Ľкû˿⡣
²ͨ˽⵽ҹµϢһҹҲͬͨԷķӦ˽⵽˶Էõֶο϶ʹеģ
Ůͽеģ
ô࣬ݿľ¼ҹѾǳʱڵɬСˣ
뾭ͬһЩϼһﻹв࣬ɰ²һﾹȻҹѪԱ߿ôãȻ̿ɫһˣ
ҹ൱ɵģͬǳ͸˸ַ֪ʶķʦҲֲá
԰²ΪϸŶԷһһҹȴǷ֣ͽʹʹõԭʵ൱򵥡
ռõȽʵͽ֮֡
νʵֱӵȵģ֮ĹϵͶӰһԶ
һڽܲ뺣պˮḶ́
ֻϳ̶ȡȹԼʵܹܵķޣ
Ҫо͸ķģ˵ͷʵ̫ˣ֮ͬϣ
ֻõ̶ȣԼۺͷƽˣ
˵ħֶôƵңҵĶͻң
Ťųª²Ȼȴܿ췢֣Լġħ⡱֮Ȼ޷ͻѰԪ֮
ȷ״̬൱˼
ҹŪѾ۳ʵһźɫ飬һζ
ʵڰŵǿսҲ⧲ɣ״̬Ѿһѹ׵ֶˣйҿϵʹӡǶԶɢ
ҹȫѾֽ͸״ְ²Ҳװɵֹͣ˺ƺָֻǣǴ̶ļ˵
㵽ģŮף壬ǶνλħҲһסҡ
ЦеתϵӣҹҲûеԷθڡ
ǰǹȾ֮ͬأƺԪضܱ֧䣬ְҵ׵ķȫߡ
˵ҹͣһ£˰߰˲ϵѪա
ǰֻҪԭҵԴͷԵãⲻǺܼô⻹һݲ޷ȫգҶԱȶԸͨǿ߻Ҫס
̯ƺֽȭǺɫģҹɫҲ΢
ҪӡĲĹ壬ֻҪӡȡԴͷӡ֮ˡ
û֧֣Ҳһ紥ѡ
һƺҪԷϥ̸̬ҹڻ˵һͻȻºҲ¶һ˿Ц
ץˣǷҲʱ䰡
ԭӡƺѾʵİ²ҲͻȻʲôʼ
ҪŹңһ㹻ıģô꣬һ۵ıԳ󣡡
Ǻ˰û
δ䣬ҹ˫ֺʮӼ룡ͬʱһĶĴֹϱˡ

粣һ弱ٵ
ϷӡķıҵĹâҪԱǰһ㣡
ͷʮһһ㣡
ڴ˿̣ҹƵı仯̬İ²˱ͻȻѣֲӿճҺ
ֱӿ˸߿գƲ㣡
ЩճҺһĽڵ涼ȡ츯ʴһһĿӶ
ֱʱҹǲ˲ͷ˿
ʹһ鷳Ķء
Ȼ˵Ƹ̫ͣӦʱȴҲֶþȫ
ǰǰһǿ󹥻˶Էע⣬Լֻܲܵ˵أֶοɶԸ
ֻЩǴֹһ״̬£Ȼһ򷨲ֵĵͼħˣ
Լݿ˱ʣöԷӡʱ֮һԵķӡǻöԷûʲô취

Ȼ¶ԷǽһĸԷһϣʱԼӡϵѰԷĺλãһصС
񵱳Ҷ޼ȼպһܹԤƿصĺȼգвҪСöˣЩɶǴҶǶѧġ
һߵİţѾܴƨϵë˻Ȼȥ
ˡ
ƽѹսƷҹҲ˵ͷ
ôĶʹλĿֲʲôϢ
ոտƼ򵥣ɲǰŻԼĴģ뿪Ƿ֮˵


143 ֮
ӰֵһƬݲдСԣǰĲսۼܵĶѪ⣬佻Ŀ⡣
ǰ²ɣʹá֮ԴӦþֻˡ
Ȼܽڡ֮Դ״̬ɱֵʵ൱£֪ʹǱ
ûϢûʹְһԼɱԼĸо
Ƭռܹ죬ǻСΪϣٶҼǿĶѰɡ

һΪ̵ϣһֻʴĴ֮ٶǰţһһŮӰҹ밬š
ңôʹûиȻֻô㶫ǲ𡣡
һսƷҹεսƷоҲ⣬ô󹦷Լ밬ֶŴܵĶ֣ڸ˵ջ̫һˡ
Լҩǿˣȫ
ѵĶԷռﾹȻһЩŮԵڿ㣡۾Ϲˣ
һЩʩĲϺƷ඼׼ģԼܼߡ
ֵûĿռߣ
еоֵģҲԼ÷ӡᣬһѵĴˡ
֮ǰսʱռݣϣܹҳһЩԼʹķ
Լʹɲǿ֮ģҲûʲôڣ
ȻˣȻֻܿԼģʹӡҲдΪҵĹܣΪԼṩ˻
ȻԼĿǰûа취
ʹӡн̳̺ʾô
ѾعҹƲͷԼʻİʵ
ûȡ
ż򵥵˻Ӧˣֻǿùˣȫ޷ʩչ
ʵҹϴҲ඼ˣֻ¸λλǰ²Լӡ鱻͵˵㣬ȵ²ӡʾ˶ʮȣֻ൱Сһ֡
֮ǰĻ²ʹõ״̬ٵ壡
Ȼѹ׵ĴУɶԷϾֻʿƫϵģЩƫҪ̣ѵĶȻ޷жϣ
Լһûõı߽γɵķӡǻʮңֻΪԼƷʶѣҪĻݿģԷӡʽ
ԼҲʹùһֲενȴȫմϱߡ
Ŷˣ֮ǰôΣյģ۸֪Ӧ֮ϰɡ
ʱ׿⣬ҹƺʵȻ֮ǰžȻרҵ״зӦ֮ǰͲΣա
Ƕصĸ֪ʲôԭ򡭡
ΪҪ
ŵĻشҹееͷԡ
Ҫ֪Ҫʲôλɣô֪Ŷ
ҹƬ̼ʵ
ȥ
ŶλԼ߲ûʲôƽ˵
ȴҹ˾κˣ

ȥ
ôᣡ
ȥʲô˼˵Ȼʱάȣ
ҲξŮξռ䡣
Ų÷ĵ˵ͷ
Ǽ򵥵ͬҹ˵һ˵֪鱨ȻܼҹԼԲǵóһ
Ȼ֪Ŵĸ﷭飬ҪȷǳʷУ˶һصơ
ҲͬǵһͬҪѣҪĺΰȴǽ˳˽ʱսһЩĬϹİţȻ֪˼ķΧѾҪľˡ
ΪһЩʱڵĳװѾܹʹãźŷûг룬Ȼڻ
رƺսʱڣ
Ī˹
ʲôʹûô㤰
ŻΪĶؿռ䣬ҹȴԼϰһֻƿʱȨͭ
Լ˵͵kûйϵȻǲܣ
Լ
ʷĽ
ҪʲôʲôʷẒ́ðɣһݰҪֻ֪һְҪһ֪
ˣ벻ҲͲǿˣ֮ҪɵһĿûģӶݽҪʱڰ
̾˿ҹҲûѰٵףܹ֪ôôԶ鼮ϼصľһȷģ˲ǻӱߡ
Ѿˣô֪ǰĴ廷뱳
Ľ֣ʱںܿǽĩڻ¼ڣѾˣ񼴽ʼϷֵʱ򡣡
뵽ҹɫҲЩԼĿǰվһΪƽ·
Լһ
ǴԽ磬Լȴǲı䣬ĵȻԼڵ൱ų⡣
һ˳ӦʷƣԼվĶܸɣĪģҹȴǺѹ
ϣǲϲҵĹֵʱ򶼻ӷһ㡣
ϧԼһְҵף£Ҳ൱ް·Ρ
ݶðɡ
ԼʷʲôԭʷֻߣıʱսڵҲֱ䶯ʲô
ʱ̣ҪӶݻҪҲôװֻһһˡ


144 ʱ
ʱȥ죬ҹͰҲ˸һС
Сڴһ׼սʱڣһְҵƽͳ
ȫûҪΪŬĲգƺͨƽֻҪũõȥ
ж˶ʣȴܰƽ
ĸ񾭽ҹĵһֹŹֵĸдûе̳Ҳһֱɡ
ǡôʲôԼڣҲѱôоȥġơҲ
˦һЩ
ҹܴװɺ֣ʱȷΪưԵĩڡ
˵ְҵǿߣֵƵҪߵ̫ˣ
ǰ˵СУȻʮλְҵǿϢ
ڰĻûж֪
ֹģСûʲôصزԴһְҵǿ߶еġ
Ҳˣҹûܴ˼ˣҲܴۣչʾԼְҵ׵ݣҲΪҪΪ̵档
ôעոսСʱջעĿΪǰ̸
λʿˣڽֹСϵ
̸˵
ȡ̫˼ǳȽȱ飬ˣλ磬˵ҪǱҪӶ֪ʲôҪô
ҹεֱӿʼռ鱨
һλְҵ׵ǿ߳ƺΪ磬λҲǸеܳΪְ³ְֹҵ״˵ΥٶȴҲûܹء
λˣֻǳĻСĲǰҪպܲãսҶȿ»ǳΣա
ΪܵأλȴҲĵĸѣλòԼ˵ĻܿЩţΪûʢˣӦòǹ塣
ΪϵܻܿǿսҲǸߵģϡѪ֮ȱͷҶȵս飬ֱӽս˵ʵ治ã̫Σˡ
ǺǣллĹģõģֻȥĳǵΧǲðյġ
ԷǲΪԼ룬ҹǿóģһֱһƽ͵Ļ
ɵĴλеõԼҪϢΪڳһЩа̵̡Ӱ
괫һЩԾƳƳŬͶõ֮ӻ󹫵ľ
ڲ̽ϢЩ˼ĽͽȻźͱӦϣҪսҵĴ㣬Ҫչ
˲׼ǿҪķ
ӦеӶʵϻ˵ĴҪף飬ܺЩ˿
лҹҲͳһƤʴӽܴĲӵϣнС
е鷳ô׵
ѹֵһڻҩƵɨܿǸӦǿҪӦҲԼһױֶΡ
ӶҲӦòᰲŵҪĵص㡣
ˣǺþˡ
ҹеʱһˬʵЦȴǴ˼ͿһеľװЦ˹˵ҹִǰȥ
׼ʶѵҹҲͻȻӦ˹ݿĻҵһòԼȺʹеһˣǸʼԳսʹҪӿ˾
СӦҲһЩѲʹûģϾҪԶֻʹֶ̫࣬ϢԼ֪û취ΧӦ
Щһȷʡ͵ĵưոսʱȫӦһ飬֪û󵼡
һ²ˣһ
Ϊ˫Ŀ⣬ҹûʲôųĴŰһȥȵģ˽鱨Ҳ϶ԼҪࡣ
λѣȣսʹǱ߻мλѣҾһ¶Բߣǵ鷳е㼬ˡ
һ߹ֺˬЦݣһ߽ҹСһùݡ
ϾֻС򣬸ߵʲôĿ϶ûУǰСùǻˣſڹҵܴ󣬽źò͵ص뿴ȥǺܸɾ
ѾһˣȺһ¶ŻһĿ຺Ҳк
ǻ˵ξˣû뵽ֻջ񰡣תһȦûҵ
һڲϰذ׵СӰҲڵ
ûҵˣҿ˹˵ıǣ֮ǰѾǰҪ򡣡
ֻһλϲԼϸĮӣҹͰһۺ󣬲ڰž϶࿴ۣЩü˵
ôˣĳֲûСֱӾ͵˰²ŵһ˳ǶŮͽ̫鷳ˡ
⻰ֱҹŵߣźôʱѾǿڽһ¡
ҲʲôŮͽ
Ŷù֮𣿡
Ȼҹͱ첻ļһˣ̳Բ˵
ˣҲҪˣǴζҺܹٴξ۵һҲԵ֣ҪЭϾ˶󡣡
Уʵֻǿһƨ鷳㿼ǹ˰²ŵ»ô൱鷳ļһ
ϸ˿û˳Žµ˼
²ˡ
һֱվһ԰ʱʵ˵
һƬž


145 Ҫķ
²ʵ㲻⣬ͱ˵˼λӦûκε
ذ׵СӰҲͣеĶɳƵ˵ΪӰ֮ͽְҵӰߣյ鱨൱ḻġ
ŮͽҲΪ֮ԴĸȻܴ󣬵սȴһһġ
Ѱרҵ״ˣûӦֶҲȵԷ״̬
ͬĻֻмٵļ־ӡܹơ
ǾͲ֪ˣˡ
Ȼ˵ˣҹҲ˿ڿڣȺһǰҲҪչֳԼһʵ
ߣ˵˭˵
ϸһƵ˵
ҲûлɰŴ˵Ļֻǳһʵ
Ӱ֮ͽνĵ˵ͷ˵
ŴͷһģһʱѾǴﵽǣΪְߣ
ϸ˲䱻ѴɫòΡ
ĽλҲͺһǣսܹǵİ²ҪɱҲǲܰɣһ϶ɱõ
ҲֻǾһ˵㹻ˣˣֻǡ
˿Ϊ⡣
ŵȷǲСʶҲһЩֵģϾ֮ǰŵµݡ
Ҫ֪ۼĿɲɵ´½ʹ
⼸Ȼ֪ŵϢԼ鱨걸鱨ͷô˵ȴҲʱԵѡš
ʵԣλӰֻǵʵмʹжǵ׵ģҹһǣΪְҵϵϵȴԲͣ
ң֮ǰ˵ˣλרҵ״еıǣ
Ȼô˵ˣҪˣһ˵λʿСû˵ôǿΪʿҲܼһЩ״̬Чֲȫʵˡ
ǸǣǺôиǵ𣬹ؼʱԶǰ档
仯Ƿҹе⣬˼ĿǸСӰǵְҵҲԳ֮Ϊһۡ
Ƚһ鱨ɣʱݷӦӦԡ

λİ£ɹ뵽СȦӺҹҲ˽⵽һЩȽмֵ鱨
Ѿ˽⵽Ѫб걸ߵѪռλǼȵߣĴȻìܡ
ڶñɳƵ˵ϸж̱ǽӹĻԴһŪ
ɵǣ˻֪⣬ǼλӵϡѪʹѡǺ̵ܿģҲʲôۻǡ
˼ǣ˵õİ취Ѫ֤ݣﵽҪĿĿ
ҹȻҲǵ˼ȷһܿеķϾѪȨ֤ҪǱҲ϶Ӧǡ
ûŸλĳӦҲѪĻԻʷֻҪýʱڵĳС
е˵ͷ˲䡣
ҹ˸һ¡
յ鱨û˿⣬ṩѪ鱨˵϶ˣûк˵ô
źۼɨ˶ԷһۺҹҲûٿڵ˼ʵϢǲסģĻ綼֪
յλе֣ǿߵıߵĿ£нħߣûж㹻Ļܷˡ
ཻ꣬սʹȴ߿ˮƵ˵
Ҳʵǿѣδ֮񣬾Ȼųߣ˵ÿķܹӹЧʡ
ϸȻǷ˳ðɣҹҲѾ֪һǼŮʹΪĹϵе⡣
ΪʹǶǺվߵģҲͬΪĹһ£
Ȼ
ʵȴİǰڻδϷϵǿֱ߳Ҫ߳ʮ
ֱ߾С׼սʱڣǶܽӦҸ
ˣǾͰ֮ǰļƻɣһȽҪסڿʼҪ⡣
ľûĻ⼸йǿһλ
սϾߴ֮һ
νļƻǰռ˵ѪðصļԱ
ڳļλѪִѪֻǸСδѰˣҪӦ֤
ǺǣѾ˵ˣԼѪֳѪֲԼ˵Ļʱץ˿ɱԹǲȣϷ100ȵĳͷ
ϸнԼò˰ı£ƵĿҹһۣһͬȥ
漴˱һС;ӶŵݳҪ

ͨҪԵɵʺͱԱ䶼·ϵڸҲܼ
ɵҰӽֵĻǻᱻֱӵ˹ġ
һ·ϳͲʵһЩ̶⣬ҹҲ˲ɢӶš
ΪļҪĹϵҲְҵף
ʱһ鹫һȫְҵǿɵľţ
Уµһͳɵ´½ɵҲǹĺô
֮⣬˻еһЩʹֻΪ䱸ܵĹϵǲû˿һİ˵׼εļ
Ϊһ·ڸڵĹϵ·̣ǵִҪ֮ǰһļӪ
д֣ӦרΪļӶճľӪ
Ӫڣһļڣ൱Ĳ裬˺ܳĶӣһԿյ࣬ӵڣ
ҪǼѪ
ΪЩݵϴԶ󣬴ͨƽΪڵļȵߣ϶ǲԸǰƽģӵܵɸѡҲɺܶࡣ
Ӫ⣬һľϣʱʮѪģʬ壬оȻһڵһͬʹ
еѶȿ»Ҫ֮ǰԤ֮ϣ
ΪȻͷᣬһٶȵȶڴͷʹ˵Ǹģûаտ϶ԼСðա
ƫƫҲȻôλľ׮ϣ
ھͿǷӲˣףλˡ
˿󣬱ǳŵǼǴȥе˼Ҷ֮ǰģ˭ûͨݿˣҪ˻ȥ


146 ӵ
Щľ׮Ͼʬ壬ҹͷҲЩŹ֣֮ǰеֹ̫˰
ΪûбļȫûģڿӦʶʹĶֶΣ򲻿ͨ˾͸ɵԸ߾ǡ
ȡ˵ֶΣȻܹȫȷ϶Էݡ
ֱӶ֮˽⣿ֶܹͨβʹϲϢ
ԼҲ϶ٵմȾЩȿȵʲôʵڲУͱҪܵˡ
ֻҪûרҵ״жԼ֮ȷԼʵġ
ֵۡĬս塯ȷûзͲҪѡ߹󡯶ֹȥŶҿЦˣЩƨĹ֪˾鷳ˣˣһعˣȥдϸ
ȱԼġݡ鱨չԼѪһĵǼǹ٣Цļʾ˵һء
ԣλǼǹٱûжĶ⣬ΪڿЦ
Ȼûʲô仯۲˵ҹǲ׽һ˿ŭͲŵ
ͬԼϴԵĻ֪ˣµʱڵ㣬˶ѪĴл൱кԺģ
Լϵٹ϶˽⣬ҲƾǲŸҹ
ʹѡ϶ҲǺ̵ܿģ⼸λѪȷ൱֮ϡУȵġս塱һֹһ弫ΪȫǿѪ֮
ܵʱλʹԺƳ磬ڶȴֻǸոպ÷ϣ
ӦǼ¼ڲȽѪȱϼҲͬеλȴﲻϳ˵ı׼
ս塱Ҫȿϵ¼Ѫ߼Ķģʮɵһ֣
Īһ£λ֮ͽĻҺмŮʹߵϸжɫ˱䡣
ܱѡΪʹ϶Ǿϸѡ˵ģǵѪҲҪȿϵ¼ҵѪҪ߼٣滮ΧмĶɰֻںܿǰ֣
ȹض䣬Իе
ϵλǵİӰߣУʱ¶ñ¶䲻̫ͬԷ
Ϊ鱨ǿˣԼƳ̶൱ʵشҲ󱻳һѪȥ֤󣬾ͳɹˡ
ӦǺԼ˲гɹͶ˶һҲ˿
ȻʱԱһȴǷһɧңͻȻһ⡰ಡһ⼲۶ȥ
ž˵Ķ̬ҹ׽еӰòûӡУԷʹõȴֵȷϢһּٶȵʵ
ٶ֮Լ֮֮£
̶ֳȵαװҪðˣǲ֪
ĮһƮ̱
ıɱ棡Ϊִ̣У
һȶԷٶȸĺâ̼׷Ӷݵ⣬ûлĳûжײನ
֮һûݵʧȥеĹʣǵӰҲֱ׹䵽˵ʧȥ
ϵνλħᣡ
ۺڰǹ۹ǹͻƵרҵ׵ĴвյĿ·
ԽλѹƵĵˣֱĨɱ
Ҫרҵ״һ㣬ǿ϶ɻ󣬴ʦ϶Уû뵽Ȼһ˿µרҵ״ʦԼලӶļ
ѹ߸ֶΣһһְҵоӢŵʹȴڱ͵ػɱ
һҲ֪ȺԴʲôаȻŻҪǵľĻ뵽ӶҲ𲻵ð
ߵǼǵĵǼǹٿǰȥʬͬţЩ˵
ҪҪвӶûʲôãӶǲܲμӺķģΪȥһЩı߽϶ѡ
ԹƬ̺бʣ¼пͷ
ˣֵˣҾǼôһһͬҲҪ𣿡
һ˵ţһڱϵǼʲô׼һӻһ±ƣԼʲôû˵
ôźҲһϸʹ̾ͷӦ˹ӦźԼͬѪ֮˽ȥˣ
Ҳ֪˻ǲң
˵ƺǰظ׹㣬֮֮ǰȥԼͬѪ˱𴩣
ͬʱĵҲеССʧڵˣֻԼһӵءһѪû뵽һ¾һô
ûʲôʾĬ˶ԷĵǼǣ֮ǰǸù״ĿȻȻǰ˵
ҶһЩ˵ѪͬлҪˣԼˡһѪǼٲ˵ģԷ㷢ҲܻܿԼ
ԼѪ·˶ǳɹĺŪȥ󣬶Ҳǰ˿ոǸù״Ǻܴ̼
ǵٶȱԼǿȴȻû˿ǰڵ
˹ӵܣӵšٷ䡯Ѫ֮Ѿˣ㡭ۡ
̵Ļû˵꣬ϾͰصһȭǿȭ絯ƬһֱԵڵأ
һתԺлûӦʱϱǱһֻŲס߱ǴǼǹݵ
ٷ䡯㵹Ƿҿ飡ɴ۾ˣҲҪŲܹͼıѪԾǰ棬˷ѱүʱ䣡壿ޡ
˿ڿˮǼǹٱָֻ֮ǰ˵ЦʱǸ飬ǸȻĶʣµҹ밬˵
ѽ˼λЦˣҲǵģһЩֲߵغļһΪԼж˲𡣡
ȭٶȻʱҹ˺ë
ΪǼǵļһǸְͨҵףʱҹźȻ⾹ȻһʵΪµĶְҵǿߣ
ʹѪѾѣ̣սҲǿźѰְҵǿߺͺˮһ򵥣
ҹͰŵ̬ȣ˵Լ϶㹻ıǮ͵ƣʹҲǶ⣬ǵʹҲų֮
Լĵ
ڷȴ˲䱻ŵ
Ǳʹְҵ׷ŵ
ºǰĻը̣ʹеϵҲ㹻˵Ǽǹٵʵˡ
ˣ
һЩӵܿ϶һ죬ܷλû㹻ѹǵʵ֮Եȵݵȷ޷
Ȼ˵ȵѪúܶ࣬ʵҲһӵܣ
ǸʵΪǿӵܣѪ֮Ҳܿ£

˵
ǰʱְҵǿߣǱĿ
ͬµʵҲǾѹ
˵㲻죬ϣλҪ⣬ôֵˣϣҪٳˡ
ŵײڶת˼ȦλǼǹЦеĿҹͰ˵֮ǰǵĺͰ̬һ޶
Ҳû˿ȴǴһӺ⡭


147 Ѫ
ҡװʲô˹ģʵһϱƦɡ
ҹ˸иһ󣬿ʼĪıƭˣһְĵǼǹȴ˵ıӡ
ǿװ˹ǵġ
뵽ҹԼеģȻƷ֮ͫ죬ϴԵĻҲڶǻԼݿǱըʵ˵ĳ̶֪
ϾԼΪݿġ
Ȼǲû¶ʲô飬ֻǱۺѪ£
˫۾𡣡
һƬĬǼǹҲеı飬ԵЩصӣȫͬǵı鲻һκһڡ
ô˹ǳϰڱӻ֮شĺ𡣡
ϱסĶ̣ʱҲžҪСӵ³һҪԼһ𰡣
ĵǼǹˣʲôƵСҲˣ
һʱҪתԼ⣬һͬԼ
ɴ͵ƤҪ弴£Ѫˮ۾ȴһƬģ
ô𡣡
ҹʵѹԷ˵ʲôһĻش
ǡȻп˭˵أأ涼Ѿʧˣô࣬ҳܻȷλˡ
ԸĶҹ˸׼Ĺ󣬵ǼǹЩƵ˵
Ŀǰ͸¶ϢҲҹһ˹ĸо
ð
Բۣô֪ϵѪô
ʷܹҲͳλ񰡣Ϊڸ֮۰
ȻΪ񣬵ԼļвλУ
Ȼ֮ǰһСôν̬ȡ
ʣԼѪҵλȫжȻ֡
λǼǹٳ˱ϵ⣬ȴܲʲô𾴣Ҵе˼ƺ廹ģܿλѹһİѾʧˡ
ԸһС尡
Ϊҹĳ֣λǼǹΪѽ¶̵˼ûˣһŽߵԱߣҲûȥһߣǼһС
Ҳûȥˣһصӣƺҹĳֶĳܴ
ͬҲΪԷĻصҹҲûЩϸˣŰǣֻܾӪȥ
ȵҹ뿪֮λ˫ĿЩãȻĵǼǹٲ˵
Ĳ֮۰ǻֲɣǻ㱨ͷĺˡ
漴˦ֽеıӶԱߵһԼæ뿪˸λ
һ׶ɣ100
ڶ׶
ذìܣɱذ˲ʹߡʣʱ䣺졿
ɹȫ影100ȣִ߽500ȣһ׶񡣹涨ʱδɣ½׶Ѷӡ

ذˣһΪ˵ġ
˿Ƶ˵Ա߼һĶҲĬȫû˿л˼
ҹҲûҪȥһҲͬں̬ȡ
û뵽ҹֵܵѪȻǸƨļһﶼ񡣡
Ҳͷ˵
дǺģһֱΪԼǼѪϡеģԼսҲǿģǸǼǹȴǺúøһΡ
Լʱ̬ãҲȻ޷ζԷǿƵĶҹֲ࣡
ǰҲ൱أû뵽ҵ˾ȻΪʹߣҳ֪˻ᱻİɡ
̫С۾ཱུת˵֪ĥʲôԴҹҲûиκۣһ뱩¶ݵӡ
ðɣʵѹ֪ôشòƲ̫鱨ȽϷḻСƺ֪Լļ塣
ӣӦûЩͬڻԾģ֪˻ᱻʲôңϣûоνҵĶټɵء
ߣ޷ǻͶ̥ѣʵʲôѪǿ̸ӦѪã߼ѪǶʧô
˰죬϶ŵĶ̴ʱҲ˵ûеգԵ˭ȴҲ൱ԡ
̫С⣬ҹʵˡ
֮ǰصʵҲչˣͶ̶ǣǡ
ҹЩ㲻ԼΪԼӹһǲʵˣ
ȣҲ˰
ڴʱԱߴһĸǰͳһµ˹
Ȼϲռƣȴƺȫѹ״̬ĸɢϢȲ£
ϷھӢѵʹҲ൱ټˣ
ޣû뵽ǾȻȵˣҲõģҪȥٵǼһ𣿡
ƺʶԷڵˣҲûʲôѯ
ףͨļȻû˴ǽ𣿡
λڵԵЩɻ
һСҪЩϸڡ
ȻǱȽϺû͸¶ҹϢ
߰ɣǴǹȥһط
Ǻһһӵзʩչһλͷ֮˲˿˵
λҪΪ˾ܷɣεǺ⣬ŵЩҲˣǰһ˰²ʬк֮Դ״̬ģ֮һҪСģûԸ۵ֶҪóȻж
Ÿ磬λ˵Ǻ壬ûһִ˺ԼĹϵƺ¡
ֻСеԺȴͻȻɫùŹ²ˣ
һ¶ЩأĸӪʹɸеЩãȻôͻȻˣзʲô˲õ𡭡


148 ־
ź²Ȼˡ
ǿҳһ˿ЦݣΪְҵǵĶʹǶʹе˾ٶ˽֪ġ
˵²ˣʵû̫⣬ֻ̻˵ŵϣϿ˵ʵ
ŵ˲ڶǿߡ
ǸǵģֱӵǰŵСˣϾԼ߲Ҳһǵĵְҵô
ܹƳ磬ô˵ʵǻбϵģϺȡ
ȴ˵²ˣ
ΪŮʹ²սʹǿģĹֶȴ˭ͷۣ
ҪעʹеͷۣͨǿߣǻֱԼĨӺã⵽˵ĥ
ټǴ۾޴ıȻ֮Դ״̬»ɱ
˸ɵģ
аŵʿսôֲ
Ƕıʲôû˵ǸɵģһǺһǰι
˵̼ܵģʾǶˣһ·ǶһֱûεĶ˱ֳ˵⣬رǶҹֳ˵⣡
Īƾʲôһ˿Ǿܸһ˶
ƾʲô࿴
һֱΪԼѹס˵ʵȴҲںڲ⣬ȫ迼ǵĸܣ
ǽʱôһǸСǾȻбԼϡеѪҲֻǸļ
ѪϡôˣֲʺʵҲԼ
˰²˺ȴ޷ˣ
˸ɵģ˵˵ʵԶԶ͹ˣǸǵ˶㹻ȱȼ磬ǸȸҲܿܲԼ֮£
ܹƽ
ѾôˣԼֲѺ۵ģҲҪ޲ʲôѺۣ
ô£֪²ôģ
λʶһСеĳʹԺһ㶣ǰɣѵǸɵģΧܹӮ£ҪǸ״̬»ɱ²ȴҲѰɣ
ѹ׵ĵ𣿣
ʱҹеܲˣӽʱСǸ񾭲;ûͣʲôƨŮ񰡣ǶŮͽɣ
ٲ侲ĻҲһ£һ񾭲ȶļһڶﻹǺ鷳ġ
ҹһ߲˻⣬һ߾Է˵
ΪÿʹǾϸѡӦöĻ֮Ҳ϶ϣߣû˺֮ǰάűġ
ڿЩoѡʹʱֻƥ̶̶ȰʲôŹֵ񾭲С
˵Ļ治һΣղһֱöԷΪˣȻԷ淢ǣ˵ġ
һ£ΪƾѾܹҿˣΪ˭ΪЩͨߣӪصأҪ˵Ҷѵˣ
̴ʱѾȫʳģϵձѾ൱Ĺ󣬾˸ɵôǵʵͲ֮ô
طѵֲܶɣ
Ȳ˵ǲǸɵģǣʲôֶΣҼǵð²ǺܸȤʲôϵŰƽİɣ㵱ʱʵԱ߿ŵ𣡡
ΪŮʹ˷ŭֶ൱ɫģѾȲԷǷŭʧκβԼˣ
ĶȻãֻҪԼ΢µȵ
졭
߸ոմһһƾѾϣǿĳرƺݶȫѹ飡

䣡
涼һһԴһĿӶ
ĹܵӶȥ
ֱʱ˶вƺһѹȸеĺ
ջ̧ҹĿǰĶ̣мƲƲ졣
ٷ䣿
顣
ͻȻı仯֮죬˰һӣ˶𺳣
ոٶȣ
Ȼñһǵʹû˿Ӧʱ䣡
ħ𣬵Ӧûеʲô
ʩչ˸Ӱ˵
ҡҪ
ѾεĶ̣ڵЩԹһѪһ߷
ˣֻҪݡ
־©Ļû˵꣬ͱҹһŲϡ
񾭲ڶҲ鷳ȥɣλӦû
ϵĻҳѪգҹһû˶ƵЦݣ֮ǰǵǼǹһޡ
ûһе㲻ȶˣ¡
֮ǰ˰飬ϾŮʹҲһЩصġ
ڣ
̶챻ϵˣǰһǿƵļһԼһʵǿδֵʿʧȨ⵱ȻǺжˣ
ͶҲʱӣֲǺ죬ûҪΪͷҶԷĻû˵꣬Ҳĵһݣһһﵽ˻˵Ǻܻܿˡ
ȻûǾôˣ٣һﻹմҵĹأͺãҲ׷ˡ
е㷢ҹЦӯӯ˵һŽϵĶ𣬷־һȭ
ȭͷԷ֮ǰ͸һյķģͣĪ
һƲһĶ̣Ǻһգۼʧǰɵ˾Ӫſһ档
һȭϵ˶ԷĻ˵Щ˵Ļ
ȼ˶ĵ׷һ·϶ʱʱĳҲˣʱԷһֱûʲô̫ķӦȫסˣ
ʱǶοеСһﶮ֪鷳
û뵽ߺһ־˵ϣ
Է˿Ŀܣ
ܵػ̼Ѿˣ
һЩ϶ʶʹó
һǸطʹ
ߣһɣ


149 
ѽǲأȻֵطʹ
ҹһûƵ̾ϢƺΪ̿ϧһ
û취Ҫʱ򲻸ɴ㣬űҷʹݾ鷳ˣϾǸļŮͽȫû취Ԥ϶Է²ѡ
ԵˣȨ֮¶´ﵽƽ⡭
Աߵȴһδлָӣһôң
ԷչֵʵΪֲʹĽλʹĹ
رͻȻԵıٶȣ˷ʤ
ħǿļֵֻҪܹס൱˲䱬ǿĽλħ
ͻȻԣ֪˶ԷĵעڳļλʹǶܼɵǾûġ
ǵĹ۲Ѿ֣ιλǵʹֱϳ˶ദ࣬ƽıҲ޷ЩΣӦһ˲䱬ɳϾǿȰ
з½һˣǲܣܶԷܹӳ˿µʵʹһЩϡŹֵĵҲܹܣ
ܲ˵ǶԷľٶͳֵʱ
رǼˣ
һ·˶Է䳰ȷȴͻȻһ±ˣ
һͽԷѹһһȫûзܣ
ǰΪֵܶĵص㣡
ٻͷϸ룬ʱյĻ쳣֮׼ոͨҲոմӽ»عΪǰȫʱ̱ԣ
֮󣬻൱ڡľһʹ
ϴԼɣЪ˾ӪжֵĹֱ൱һ˱ɵĿԣ
нҪ˲ȫҲ赣ĶԷʹ챣ܣɹܺܶԼɵǱв
ʹֶζҪѣҪɱѣ
ѡʱԷʼѹͲ⿿ȫһ°
ɣǶǽȥˣ
־ڵʹһֻܵĶһ
㿪ʲôЦ쵰
ΪһЩ⣬ʹöǺóıöгǸôֻҪԼȽ⣬ռĸ־ƽˮ׼϶൱ģ
ɾһ·ĽӴҲǿһʲôɫĵط֮ǰӡһЩΪôôеӡ
㲻ǶŮͽҲ˳ǲ
ɾܺӵĶȣȻȫһ˵ز
ֱ۰쵰
ɣһǴɲǣһ͵޶ȵˣšԼܱȻԷʵǿ
һԵҹɨһ˵ҲЩȷԼ֪ܲά֣еסš
ҶѪĽѵϵһΣܹһֱŸ޺ӡĺôܹȵݴʣϧ˵㡰ᡱ
ȻҹԼûԼݿʱ⣬һȻƣǾҶĶαװڽӴ¶ڣҹԼʱıԷӾ͡
Ϊһ£ǹҪϵˣƳۺֱĬĬͷˣ֮ǰֻǸʶȵļһ￪ڵ
Ͼˣ϶еģʲô֮˵ɡ
ʵϵԭͲö֪ˡ
ѧˣ
䵭ԱȻû˵꣬˵Լϵҹɶ˼ԼԡѪã
ոһ¾ɵһΣȻըսⲫʵԵ
һ氡ȻֱӰһλʹ
ֳѧΣȻѧˣҿš
ҹЦǺǵĴĴָһҺţƿҵӡ
ţš
ԴˣžȻǺƽĵ˵ͷһֳһ˿˵
ðɣԼԼҹûʲôѾϰˣһĿ佱ȻĺƤһ̵ַĸо
һ߳Playĸд
ԺСǰǲҪԿˣҹĬĬ˾
ȷԣ˵ҹ֣վǶˣСûþܱӵ˹ˡ
ҲȥģҹԭصԼ

㰡
һӪԵƬ̺ƿλϤǼǹ٣ǰҹҲ۽űԹ
ҹԷ˸˿ð˵
ʵʧְ
ⲻǿԷһôܹ˫۾ȥҲ鲻Ͷлˣлˡ
Ǽǹͷһεӡ
ҹҲ΢΢Щʧ⡭
ǶԼôԼѪô˿ûɹԼʹͨô
Ȼ϶ԷһֱԼܲðӣȴĪͬô
֪ΪΣҹĪЩܣһ˵оܡ
ϺԼͬӪʹǣ޷θУȴĪжԡӪš
ðɣʶһ£ҽйϾͲ˵ˣһǼǹ١
ƺЩԸֶҹҽܵ
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ҹһҲеεӡ
ǲнֻѪĴ̫ˣǴϹϵᱻ˳ģҲѾˣңҪİ
Щ̾Ϣ˵
ҹԺ㶡
ҪҰæ㲻ӦҪȵһ𡣡
䰡Ʒ֮ͫôʲôΪɶԼûʲôоӣΪûô
ʲôõģȻеͷۣԭȫõĵ㶼ġ
Ϊ̯̯֡
ȴԵҹиӷˣιİ㲻Ҫòá
ҹЩӵʱ򣬹˵
Ӷ϶лոļһܹȫε˲࣬һҪѡ
ǸҾܾ
֪ΪΣҹ붼ûļ̌־ܾ
ǰҪٷίУӦø׵񰡡
ԺĪ˵·;ϣЩڵԼӵ˺С֮ǰǺƽСҹȴĪû취ӦԷҪ
Ī
Լе㲻ԸⰡ
Լޣ޷ıʲôΨܹģֻԼˡ
Ǹ
һΰɡ


150 Ӷ֮
ֻʵʵĹͷѣҪҰϰ塣
뿪̧ͷʵգҹš
Σһֺݳ޵ĶȻԼȴΪһ˫۾Ӧεš
վһߵİ֣
ֻСɫ
壿ΪʲôҪ壡ƨ°ƨ°Ĺƨ°
Ϊʲô͹ܲס˫أ
ߣֻǲǸǿԼгͷļһѣĽ˶ѣ쵰
ԼǸ˽ˣʲôԼԼҲֻܲԼгΪʩߡ
ֱҹʶΪԼѭĵж˸ڣһһö֤ͨҹɫҲЩӣԺ֮ǰĻƬΡ
ڵ״ΪҵӦΪʧһ壬һˣǿŰ˹ǰˣ
ʥλʦǣƣʦƿش֣רҵ˾ְҪĻǻӴְҵף
ߣû뵽ҵ˾ȻҲôûģˣɣ
ѹذǧ꣡Э¾ٹ֮ҲԻԼʹһЩС֮ѣԼܽ
£ߣҪɫؽṹԼȥĲݣ˸ϽⰭۡ

ҹϲռˣǱʱǰ嶼ӳˡ
ʱȴʵûа취˵ԼҪɿռ
ǰͷûأղȥҲȵĽأΪʲôҪȥȫȫ⣬ȥƨҽͷ飡
ƽ֮·˭ȥ˭ȥҷ͵ˣÿ׶׬Ǯ͹ˡ
з˰ҹǻȫû˸ոսͷʱѹ
ΪǼǹٹȰ˵˵ʱ䣬ҹص֮ǰľӪڴѾȥá
ֻǴʱȻһӰվš
߰ɣûˡ
ҹǰİŵļ
ƲͷҹһۣŶ˰ƺҪʲôһҹЩˣ뿪ڴľٶǿ䵭
ʳǱߡ
ȥʳãȵǼǣɵǼǣ
źı䷽ǿߵҹҲǲð˺ߡ
òƸԼʣ׿ս㾫ΣľԼҪѹһӰ쵰

ӪʳãǽӴӶľӪȫûжԣҵ죬еġ
ˣҹ˰ߣߡ
ȡźͳһºҹվǱʳãոսϤ
ȻѾҪһˣҹ˹ȥ룬ҪԼԵ̫ͻأԼжʱڵѶ̫ܾǡ
ֻһ·Ϊŵòܵ˲ٵĿĿ⡣
ôھӪЩƢ𱩵ӶҲ̫
ҹոյӵʱȾһɫĵ˵
ƣողڣǵ֪һ൱Ϣ
ʵҹʣһصĿ˵
һֱΪλ棬ʵֻǹȥ
ҹ¶һı飬˰Ϊ˵⣿
˵ԼͰѾ֪ˣСҲ֪˺ðɡ
ôһʵ
Ϊʲôô˵
֮ǰλѸҵģ˵һλ˵еʷ෽ȷĵȷȷǹȥӦǽĩڻ¼Ԫڡ
ȿЦһº˵
һ㵹ҹЩˣȻʷôõʱ仹ܹϳʷǵúܳŶٴѯʡ
Ǹʷ˭
ֻǻδȵȻشʳ룬һҰһԾվϣ߿ԭϵķˣط
һ£仰Ҫ˵
ҰдЩɳƵӿ˵ĶУԵĻûκηǿнеȫѹ£
ƺ˵ˡһ¡ǾҪһ£
ͷ°һƬвĺԵЩǷϣ˵ĿҰʣȴһ˵
һϵģʡҲ鷳
һɵָ˹ҵĺһ˵
ǰɳл˹ҰӶŵų
һҲϲʶҵı
ǾӶҲһģǵڻңԼܰԼڻңԣԺӶϡ
ֿҰƺʾֵģֻǵķһͨ棡
鷳ˣҪ˳ֹȻǵѰ죡
̨µɫЩѿ
Ϊʲôô˵Ҿ˵ĺܶ԰
ҹеĪ
Ӷ֮ɳл˹˵Ǹʷ¼Ԫµʮλʥλǿ֮һҲʹʥλ֮һĴ

ҲȻڡ
ȵɫʱ쳣صҹͷƤը
ѾԺԻʥλǿߣ
¼ԪĽǧ꣡Ҳ͵ʮλֻλǷʹݣ֮һ
һ
δɳʱƾոյѹȸӦרҵף
δʥλǿߣͬ޵еĴڰ
ԽҲǺˮһף
һBUGĶѹֻôʹ
⡭
񲻻ҪԸɣ
ҪδɳʱĨɱ
ʷĴ󣬵ǷܹıʷԼ˱ʷеһ֣
ιǸӡǵϰ尡ܲĸӴ


151 ûжԱȾû˺
һӶϣǵĴܲѶȽߡ
ԵúǽֻȻԸаѰרҵ״ϱ
δʥλǿȴû˿ⲻԼܹվƻģر޷ʹĳϡ
ҵνˣոȥ㱨ʱһ񣬺ľͲһˡ
ȵĽţҹǸоɣһ˿ĸо⻹ǸԼ˸ڰ
Լǰĵˣùͺܶ񶾣˻ļһԼһ֤ͨȥͼռһЩʱϡ
ϾôĶңʧණ
񣿰Ľ㰡ƺѪйذɣһǵȥȡһ500ȼǸϣܹλվԣҲø硣
ȿЦ˵
Ǻ׬ģ500һε񲢲ʹ˶һԼĽ⣬ʹҲҪȣȻȱˡ
ҲΪʲôʹʿʹôԵʣҪΪʹ붼óΪĳֵһ֮ÿ⣬ְҲȽ
ǰ100Ǹð˲Сķգ500Ŀ϶ǳȰɣûȤ
ҹһſƬţһνƵ˵
ȻʱڴѾõķҲڳ֡
Ǵ֮ԳΪӶΪڣλʵȥﶼıȡһĳ·ԣˡҲͬ
ԴȥܿʳýλõļӰ˵֮˽ȡº¶·ĹԿףǵʹλרҵ״֮һ
Ψһʿװӣ
ҲͬΪרҵ״УǰӶҲϡٶȻģʹݣ²ʹͬǿҲ϶ڶһ㣡
ϾǼ࣬սɾǸˮ̽϶ѪԼ츳ģ
֪ǰ֮δʥλܣҲŷĵ
ǺϴˣҾ֪һؾסλ˵ģȻӪͬϴ˵ҲţڳΪͬӪĴл˸оɿ
ȼ֮˵ò󣬲һϲ
̫СҲǵ˵ͷ
ڵĻǶʹǸԺϴӦλʵǿģȻԱδ߿磬ôܹˡ
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źϲӣǽİɳл˹ճͶһŴ״ȥƺҪԷ˵ʲôһ
ϣǲѪ⣬ȴҽ
ȫǸǯһƷڣ
ҹͷֱƲͷ˼һۡ
Ǵ˰ĺϴˣһ̨ʺֱӱɱˣ
еĸ⣬ҹλδӶ֮Ҳ˸̵ʶǿҰԵԸ񣬻ǿֲĵ׷ʵ
ʹŰɱͬԽǿȨ׼صǰʱȴǱֹĵ
ʱڵǿֵز
ʲôϽ߰
˶ͷ𾪣ĬĬɱӺֻʱҹȴǴһģ
˵ӰڣһСӰ
ȴһרҵ״УλӰ֮ʹ˹
Ѿ볡רҵ״вֹһֻǿǰɳл˹޽ѹʵ󣬶ûٿˣ
ȻʱλԼˡĽûģ˲ó꣬˱ǻ뿪ˡ
ҹҲűŰֻİŸˡ
ţǲˣҲͬǸδӶ֮Ķ顭

˹ˣϴ
͵͵ʳú˲˿ȱЩȲ˵
˵ģôǸɳл˹ֱǸ̬һרҵףдʦ׵Ĺͬ϶ٶûã
ɳƵ˹ĶðƺλҲܵ˲СĴ̼
ĻҹıһĶӡ󣬿ǱôĬԵļһȻ˵Ц
ڶԷжϣҹҲеĵ׷רҵеĿȿǲѷɫְҵ׵ģǹڸҪ
½רҵ׺۷רҵ׵ĲͺһְҵĲһԷȻôʦ׵ʵλӶ֮
ֱһְҵǿܹרҵһ
һʱߣ


152 
˹ˣɳл˹ͺϴ˶רҵʲôΰ
ƽͷĲҹѯʵм¼˶ݽʱݲϧûרҵǿ֮ս֪ǿȵĻ֡
רҵڣҪߡ
˹ҲûڼӣֻƳҹһۡ
ҹѾϣרҵ׷Ϊ½ǰڡڡڡԲ۷壡
Էھʦս
ԼǵʱҲҪܹרҵ׵ս
˹ݣҹҲ˶־
ԼҪ͸ǵȡͬʱ磡

ɳл˹ɲûʹʲô磡
뿪ԼѪаŸԼѪԼıҲҪǿԼźܴռ䣡
ʽϻҪ͸ɭҵļҴʦ
ҪĽʱףԼﻹкܶ¿
ֻǾҹȼ˶־ʱȴˣһ﷨š
ҹ־ΪԼ滮ʱǱߵ˹ͣһְźԼߣ̫Сеļһ˵
λб䣬жҲֻܰˣôǾзֿˡ
ͣһ£ֿԼѹŵС̫Ǽ˵
лλʱԼҵܵչˣ鷳ң˵ġ
ͻȻĻǽҹӹ滮лعС̫λеĵܵܰ˵߻Ǿ
ҵܵʹˡ
ޱСĺ󾱣λбǻ˵ϵӰ֮Уʧǰ

ΪλҰδӶ֮Ӷһ¾ʹڼλеĴ°ԷһЩԷӶ
ϵƣȴɳл˹ֶǿšһţĸʵԼصĸҲӮ˵ӵ
ҹȴûʲôϵǿֱ֤ͨ뿪˾ӪǰҪڲһͷͼ֮С
ţǱýҪܣпվȥιιܴ󣬱κϵЩ鷳
ҹͼܿϵĵ죬ϵͳ˵ڶ׶ɵ100ˡ
ΪӵҹҲе㾪ȣȺʹ治ֻ¾Ȼ˴ɱʹߵ񣬲Ϊα˻ӣҹûнӵҲûȥӡ
е鱾̧ͷ˿գҹҲֻܰ̾˿ԼܹҲˣԼߵģͷȴԴ˺ܷС
ҪҪķ֮أͼݣ˴ͳ鼮⣬Ҳͬķϣʧķϣ
ͼڵҹȴʱţϵԼݿ⣡
ֻǼͼڣҹҲȻоˣַĽա
żһЩѧͽ뷨ʦɫʱԽԽأƺʲô˲õ鼴һ㡣
ҹҲеѹĴ
һԲϾͲ˸ʽڷ֮ǹ˺ģγǹڸ
ò˵츳Աڵõ˼ӳɵ壬Ҫ̫߳ˣѹε㹻Դ£԰լ

ʷǿĶνλħԶǸ밡
Щ͵̫ѨҹǰǱǿģͺϼһ˸ֻ״̬УƵλ鼮
ȻʵԲߣһЩԭ֪ʶǺнԵģҪмΪħۣеĵĸ߼ʦоܵóĶ
Ҳֻܴ۷ʱڣʱǲܿõֲġ
٣㻹ܾİҵ˳ǵΪ˿ɫķĻ
ϤƲͷȥǿǼǹٹһı˹
ƺǲԸһ
ǲѾҵ˺ǸӶúܺðཫӶϺˣûҪ˰ɡ
ҹ鱾̾˿˵ҵԼʱҪǱһǿǲԼ
ߣȻ££Ҹ˵˽¡
ƲƲ죬˫ֻһν˵
ҹҪ˵ʲô߱ǻصϤ
ʹӪ񴥷

800ȣͷ۳800ȡ
һ°վĵӶΪ·ͻȻأҹȻ̧ͷա
⣡ȫģȫԤ㵽ԼĲ
⵽Ǽ˼
ͻȻֵʾҹһԼÿһǰ˲ٿصĸоԼ־Լѡ񣬵ȴȫڶԷԤ֮ڣ
⣬νġŹȥ֮ȴδ֮𡭡
Ѿ˴ʱ֪ʶҹѾԼˣΪʲôԼᱻͭѡС


153 ۹˵
ҴӦ㡣
δϸ˵ҹǺ£鼮ƽ˵
ñĹãȻòԼû˵ɶɡ
֪Ҫɶ
ȡȷ˵ʲô
ɫЩŹֵ˵ҹҲе
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Ȼ˵˽£޷Ҳ״ˣѾͽǵ壬ҲһԴԲȥѹ취Ӱ˵ıʱ
Ѿе㷢ĹҹԹԵ˵
ֻصıң޷ǾֻҲܰ쵽¶˳ҵѪˣҪðʹ𡭡
Ѿ˯ͼôãڽʱĲ飬ҹҲ˽ˡ
ر𻹹עһԼѪİң
ɵǣڽźڣ֮ǰذˣܵ˸ѩԭϮ㱻塣
һλ·ǿߣ֮׵壬ٲã˱ذһѡ
ȻʱĿǣΪܸǿѩԭɧţ¼ĽȴȻǰذˡ
ˣϣҵĳԱڱذ˵лǳԵÿģ
ҲʼԼ̬Ȳðһԭ
ǰذ˵Ĵѩԭ壬ݼأʱڣѩԭΪѾˣʥλ㳲ƿذ˶ูչϮ
ҪȡȻ̳ĵһʱô
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ذ˵䱾ȴΪֹδ˺岿䣡
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㹻ҹҪƵԷ벢ѡ
٣ȺоӣԴȷתĺܿҿѾѾӦ˵ġ
㶺󣬹ָԼı飬ȻƺҹĿЩĹۡ
ңҲԼ˼˳ôɵģνˣҼȻӦͲᷴڡ
ҹΪʱ俴еɬ۾ƺν
ԼڣվʷֵĶɣùԼҲҪԿء
ΪǸµļһڿеҪǰ㣬ȻǼڰػԵÿǰʱ̣ܹ𵽶ãȴûܹ֤
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ҹԴҲ˵ͷ
ǰСС𵽵õȷޣôԼֱȥҪã˵ʹǵ̣ҪûڵĻǵĴʹ߸յǵϾҪ
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ģҲǸһ˵̸еĻѣܲܰסÿԼˡ
ͷǰڵסԼ۾¶һˬʵЦݡ
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˵꣬ǳҹ֡
ҹҲЦţ֡
Ҹ˵İȫϵǸ߶ˣ㶼£ʲô

Ӫѡ塣

ҪϣҲǰķ½彻֮һȫ
ǰʥλʱڣӵλʦǿ
һҪɵ´½ʦǿ߻Ҫһλ
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ǰĿԶԶʱҲһսԼж׳֡
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156 ˺
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Ҿ֪Ҿ֪һǵļһﱬֲֿٶȣۣܲ
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ŵٿˣܹԼԷֶ͵ϮܹԼʧΣԼǵľ϶ڶԷ֮ϡ
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䡱ȫը˿ֲĳѾ뿪˺Զҹò˳ųٴȺ
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ؼǣСӱӰӰɵıСӵҪ
ԼûзĿʲô߾Ŀģ


159 Σյ̽
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ΪʲôҪˡ
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163 
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165 һ
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166 ·
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࣬˵ļƻҪǳˡ
ŰƽɨҹһۣûΪϢǨŭ
һʲôᣬҪĻôܻѡʱʹȻǹٷʽʹѾ߲Ĺʶ
ʱҲæվе˵
Ŷ˭˵׼ˣҪԱһصġ
·תʧõʹʱҲվ˳
Էļƻʹ㣬ĶˣѾ׼ˣû뵽֮ϲ
ȻһıӻΪߣؽ粽У
ҵΪֽܹʹߣᱻרǡ
ʹŰطƫҹԲһ䡣
ڹ¶Цݣҹ˼ȴǳ˹ȵףλϵȷǺǣܹ࣬
ȴ壡
ǰһĳϣ峤ϣϾ;ˣΪԭɵĴ˴ιȴԭ£
ȻŰصĻֱӸҹǼóһˮ
ϮʲôݣʲôǶɣǵʹѾˣˣ޹˵ȴҲܹѹˣѪծҪѪͿ͡
͵壬վĿҹһۣ̾˿Űȴǲǡ
Ը඼ǵֱģνĳҲֱۣûôҲӸ£ΪִгϣŰظҪǵ˵
λɣҳԱķϣǲΪǣҲٻӭǡ
֮ǰվڵһʱ˽ֶ̧ҹʾ⵽Ȼûжñרҵ׵ݰ̬ȵǿӲҲһš
߰ɣûˣ˵ѪԻǺνġ
ҹ۾ǳƬ̣ǴŰŵͷߣºҲæϡ
ѵˣӽɹˡ
ҲԵú
ҪĲŬҪȥ˭Ľ
ҹı侲ں̸ƽʲôģǲһڻŬóͻģС
ûʷ˥ǲɱ⣬ʷĳֲԼܹģǰߣԼԾԼŬܵļٳͻʧ
ԼŬıʷһ֣
ܲ⣬ȥȥ̬⣡
ƿҹӭϦ󲽵˳ȥҲ˾

֫ס죬ڹϲ㿹߳Եܴҹ˷ϣֱ뿪˱ز䡣
ӰܴٶԱʱҪϼ֣֮ܣ̤طӳٶȣޱȫɷȡ
ڻԱز䷢Ķ飬ֻ֣ЩҵʹҪǴӶҵѹǰֵܹܵĿԺܵ͡
ſϣҹܴıϣ˵
϶ȺӶˣӶѵ󣬻ŵҪΧһǽģ
Ҳŭӿ
ȻҹҲϿжϣδӶ֮ɳл˹ͳѹʹǣܹ
˵ʲô취˵λδӶ֮
Σ⣬ڵĿ꣬ڳ־޴ʧ֮ǰȰձ
˫ĹϵѾѣ˵ж״̬ҲӦÿǿǰҪʱҰ⾭Ѳ߶ӱֱӹҪֻڡ
˫ûסˣ󲻹ǽƽԭҰսǱذ˲ϧ۵ǿҪ൱Ľ֡
ϣܹϣʱֱӻȥʹǵݶ¶λδӶ֮϶ܹԼ˵ġ
ڳĿʹݽ󵼣ҲܾܵĹܿռĳͷ
ȻҹżƻʱһӥȴǴ˼·
̧ͷȥֻһڵСѸٽӽһֻϳۼ״ëľ޴ݣ
δɿľѾһɳʯ޴ӥǽҹǰʮ״סȥ·
ӰȺӥ֮ǰͬʹ˵ļλʹʱĳĿʹ
ѹƿҪʳ۷壬㹻ѹѰǿߵӥ·ɹˡ
ֻڣȻסȥ·ҲǼ򵥹̸ĵĲǡ


167 ȡ
ӥӴ彵䵽棬˫ڵ棬涯֫һ㡣
ͣҹֻܻҪ󣬽λҲҪߵö࣬ǺǩԼķ࣬ܳ⣬ضҪ걬ֻܡ
ҹͷܵ
СµķܣΪԷλѹƵϢҲԵúǲƺʱٴܣҹϣڿܾѾˡ
¶Ƕе뷨ˡ
ĿǴӥ˵
սԼ̬רҵ׶ܳˣȻⱻְҵ׶·ǡ
νʹǻһЩϵɲ
¶ʵԼ֮µļһڳΪ˹֮ͽ󣬿ܻһЩֶΡ
ˣĻܴ⡣
Ҫ˵ôҶ˻ǲȤģλƯŮʿе뷨ɡ
¶ƺûжӣȫ֮ͬǰʹ̬ȡ
ιֻҪλҵȥѡ
󣬻ʹڱ⡣
֮ǰڱһı֣ǵע⣬ⲻ֪Ҫ£ʲô˼
֮ƺǲŻһĽɫص
ʹΪһЩֶεԵʣЩӢͬǿ֮ϡ
ټЩǳĿʹ츳ѡɶ֮ѡǰʱ֮ѡ
Ϳ¶ͬĻ¶ԸרҵҲǣһˣλҲ㹻ѹŵ̶ֳȡ
һвרҵס
ԶأҲǳţǿҪĵһţ
ְҵ׵ʵרҵǿ϶ϼУЦͬǿߡ
ɵһ¶ѹˣˣԸôǾԵϷ硣
Լ˿ɶͬɱ֣ԽҲûɹԶ٣Ŀڶ棬ռݾƣ治Ҫ̫򵥡
ԷлһǴģҵˣ߿֣Ҳ൱ǳ̶ȶѡ
ʲôԼ˶
֮ǰҪڱذ˵ĵ̣Ҫڰһܵ˱Ѿ׽ˣ
ڻ¼䣬ǼɵԷȼպĶѣȼպģҲǴ鷳ѣԼ˿ɶиԤӦֶΡ
Զˣ
һɢһֻʳ۷ķħϿǻֹѣʱ¶һѾռȻ
ĿƷ֮ͫɨ˶һۣҹһεı˵
ȻǴסˣô֪ʱܲһ⣬ǸҵĻ˵ҾͲһˡ
ƺ˵̬ȣö漸˺⡣
ʰɣǲһش𣬶ң㷴ʵһ
ʹȻ˵
һ£֪֪ռ
ҹ۾ûգһ£һֱǵı飬ռͶй¶Ϣıܣпӿ꣬ԷҲͬʹÿֱʳ
ǶɫһӣҹҲˣǳĿʹҲֱܹռ䣬ڵʱ䣬һʱ
ֵ֪ģ˵
ʹɫȫǵµܣҲǶΧ˶ɹܵܣ
ΪһˣȻܹ֪Ϣѵͽй¶Ϣ䲻Ĩɱȿ۳ϣٵ˻
ҲɫĪ⣬¶ü
ֳҲΨйһãȻȫ˵ʲôһֱˣû͵£Ϳ۵ҹ100棬ȴûκʾӦ
㻹ûشҵôͿʼˣҿҪŶ
֪ԼҪõϢҹıҲν
Цѵܡ
ʹԷشԼǰڳһҪԼÿ̬ʱŭЦԼְҵӢһС顣
ûΪʹ֮ǰҲͽ¶ֲζѣΪʹ󣬾ǹԼҲ壡
һССǣȻԲѵ˵ҪߣѰԼǰȼպĵĻᶼûУҵҲ⣡
Ȼλʹѵܰôû˵ꡣ
ǰȦһɢ˱һĵ˳ȥ
䣡
һڵһײһʯԼ˽ȥ
˶رˣ˳˵һѪ飬Ǹŵ棬һߡ
ʲôһܰڼϹ顣
վ֮УԭʹλõҹȭͷֹƵ˵
ԱˣȴǶð亹Ѿôˣȴüתͷң̸
¶ɫ䣬ٶȺͱôһܹﵽģ
ǻδɢһ۾Ϳóħġ
Էϣı仯
ֹı仯һֶѪԷҵˣ
ѵͷʲôսطܹﵽ̬Ч
ǰ׶ҪУ


168 
ʼֺԵúܱƺҪֻӥʱҲȫݼ
ħ޵ıܶΣյĸӦ໹ҪܹϿν־
ѽû˵һνֵĶ֣ǿְҵҵ
ȴŵˣ˼˼ͷҹֻͣº£Цٴλ
ʵҲôΪġ
δ䣬ԭصӰŤٴʧԭأµĲӰһܲѹơ
һ̣λǲʹͬĺ󳾣
λڼ׷;еʱʣµļʹҲҵ˻ᷢʵĹ
֮գ
գ
ƿն
սҹɶʱ׽ӰͿյ˵ĺϻʱǡô
Ѿʵܹļޣǣ
⻹꣬˽ҹסһֱѹ¶ǷɱС
ѩĳ֮ϣƾճһתƵħƣɢԹԣƺܹնǰһУԸָ
ָڣ
֮
ǵŵ¶ûյǿΪְҵ׵¶գԵüΪ˼飡
ֵܵвҹûбֳ˿ңӰӷڣƻϸ֣ƿ⳯¶ץȥ
ͬʱ߾Ȼƴճˣѻҧϵеֵ˵Ĺ
ֵĿ϶ҹٴλΪޣΣӰǸ׷ɣ
һֱʣһڵϳһ蹵һֱӱ˵صף
һй̶ֻһ˲䣬ֶǵڶɵӰŸոأ
¶ҲŸոնЩӰ֣ǽ˲Ͱɵͷ빥ʱ򣬶ԷѾո뿪ԭأ
Ǻųǿְҵ𣡱ֻ㰡
Լȫ϶Էٶȣ¶ǵĺҪֳ档
Ը
¶û˵꣬ŻӦǷѵյϳΧԼܲתƺ˳Ӧʲôɡ
ͻȻȫȻֹû˿
ֹ֮ͣʱ¶ȴȻ֣лδɢȥ֮Լܵȫնƺ˹壡
ʦ
һսԼȫ򱬵Ľʦ
ңѵô£˫۾ԭͲӦô䣡
ء
ȫ¶û˿ԥҲûõǰҵ飬ͬıʯһ𣬶Ƭ
ͺƾӳյһ㣬ʧԭء
ֻ˼żɵߺ޵
ҹȻ鴫ٴ֮գҳ֮ʱ
üɢĹ㣬ҹзԼһɢ·ԹߣάȵĽ뵽Ը磬ȫԼĲ׽
ǽ˶Ԫֽϵˣ
ʹıֶΣǶడֻרҵ׵ҲǣһְҵףȻͻֶ衣
뵽ԷܹԼеΣһҹҲЩȻ
ˣԼȷܴݿȫ㶨Ըһȴ˼ΣԼײһ޷⡣
ԸķʽնĴԪֱ֮ǽ֮ӻԭõ˿ռУжԼչĽ綼޷ס
ӲĻֻ÷ӡʽʱķֶΡ
αˣ֪һЩԼֶΣ´ȴ鷳˺ܶ࣬ҪֲĹַ̫˼ɵˣʹҲǿҵİôְҵ׾ա
Ա߱ҪְæûʼͷѾ˵Ĺϲ¶һ۵ı顣
⡭
¶ǰԼӦǲಮ٣һֱǾ֣Ͷ󣬺ܿʵҪԼˡ
ȴǺͱ㶨ˣ˳ˣԼĲô
ԼôҲǺӰġлء˰
ҹһǾʱ򣬱һǵġװ塱ðǿ·ΪƷ˺ı磡

ǵԼλǣѪġսȫʹʹеٮٮߣȴǴݿһ˹ȥ
ԼĳɳҲ
ҹҲ̾˿ûһսĸ˷֮С
֮գеϧĿܷ˵ӥ׼Ǽðʹ֮ʱ
ȴͻȻƲͷ˻ȥҪķֻӰٵı˹
ٶȺܿ죬ûһ˼ǰ
ոλͬŷźţͬΪ£ӦЭ֡
һòӣɨսĳһۣ˵
ҡ
ҹû˿Ϊ̹ʵľ˵ͬʱϻɢһŨĹϵ˶üΪ
ϱÿѪ飬˵ʹ˵Щʲôȴζ
˻֣ʾŵСܽ桰ɾλ꿴ҹͷ˵
ŶҼǵ㣬û뵽㾹ȻŰҲû뵽ȻǹʹΪҪŵìŶССǳģЩѲ߶ӵˣҪҪ𣿡
ǡͬġͬ顱ȴҲûжٻɣͬʱڳһḻ˾̬˵
ŶҪ·ͻȻסҵģǷǵĿģ⣬ˣԲ̫ŵǰΪˡ
ҹƤûգһµ˵
ǼλĿʹǴ۵ıߣǧĺϡ


169 
ôô졣
ڶԷδѯ֮ǰҹȴǷȷʵ
ȻǻռʹɵӶ飬˵Ǹոչһ߷կӣӦǻһ²ǡ
Ӷɻܻ᲻ռôġ
ˣˣ˭Ǹ񾭲һһ𰡡
Ŀʹһǻı˵
ҹϲɫļò
ʵжվǸˣԸ˵㡣
ҹô˵¶һʲô񡱵ı顣
ֹһ㰡ֱǸ񾭲ߣɢˡ
Ϊ˰ɣһֱȽԶΪʲôӦͷ
ҹһ̵ܽı飬̵
ãҲԵе㲻˼
ʵҲ֪߻Ӧôʹģû뵽ȻԼôˣ֡
ȻռһЩԼҪ鱨ҹȴԽеͿˣδӶ֮¼ԪʥĴУΨʹʥλ
վһ߲ǰ
ڱ˲֪£ʹֶΣ
пȨһҹǾۼΪʵǰȥһˣģ
㲻ֹսҲҪɵӰ졣
ԽʷʲôɼǺʲô𡭡

Ƕ֪ڵĴӪλãҹһܲͣצĸ˹ȥ
һȫûһ۵ɽկǰ
źԶоһѪζԽԽأɶѵƤʬ屻һƺ׼зա
Ѿˣ˵ҹûж˼ȥͬ飬ǵĳҲֻΪһˬĵطǣ˫汬ȫսҵĻЩǰԼλһƽ
սְҵ׼ǿ˵ֻҪսĽҪǺܼ򵥵ģɶڹͨȴΪٶȵĹϵֻܳΪܡ
ԼڿռӪȻͱҪǵЩҹٴΪԼΪ˸ŵĽڡ
뵽СկϢӶ
ſڵҰɣʲôԾߡ
ҹֹ˰ź͹ĸ棬˵ҲûгԷԣϾҹһ˫ţķһ˵İȫҪߵöࡣ
˳һ·ߣҹܿҵ˰ɳл˹ڵһһûΪʱԾ
ƺȫںԼİȫһ㣬һϣҲûκλ˵ΪԼҪ˵£
ûɳл˹ˣҿ»ᣡҹһۿʱ򣬶Ĳ״ŵˡ
ǰն˵Ŀ˺ۣǱ˼ȦӡҲȾѪ֮ɫ
һŰͬʹʵĺ˭ܰ˳
ҹԸ˿˵ҲʹϾǳרҵףɳл˹͵Űʹϣɶרҵ׺ڣ
൱ְҵһǵǵĲˣҹԸҲ֪ڲǽӴֵֶʱ
̧ͷյİɳл˹ûҹĿֱҹվãǵͷɨһۡ
ӴСӵӲԴɱǸӹײϹ֮˿ɶҾԶ֮
ɳл˹ҹЦò˵кǿĸļ仰ͽҹĽࡣ
ɳл˹˵ĻܿҹĵҲе㷢䡣
ײϹ
ˣô˵ҲǱذ˵ı߷˵˫δսôҲضᰲһЩѹ׵ĵ̡
һҷӡڴ˵Ĵʦǿߣƺ֣
Ҳֻ϶δǿ߳棬ſܽ˵̶ֳȣ
ɳл˹ȻնɱһʦĴڣ
ϵƣܿܲȡ˻Ĵ򷢣۸˴״̬Ӯ˾Ӯˣ
δʥĴ
ɳл˹ˣҪ𣿡
ѹͷ𾪣ҹĿ˵
ͳʵʰɡ
ɳл˹¶һ˿аȵЦݣɳƵ˵
ΪʲôѡʱأʵǱߣ˵ߣڲǺʵĿսɣǣһȫ
ҹƽʵʣǰɳл˹ôأԼøôֱӵĿڣӻɱ˴ʦǿߵʤƣԷ̫ʢˡ
Ŷ˼㲻Ӷɡ
ɳл˹һЦȻ˲ͽҴҹݡ
Ҫ֪ҹǿɶӶݣģ
ΪһӶǾԲվν˼ģĿʲôǼӵʲô۶ӣҶȤҵĻӴ
ɳл˹Цеļ˵ֻǻ͸¶ΣϢȴ൱ȷ
ƽƽˣǻҪӶʲôȫսʼӶĻƽʱڣҪʱǺ޹ء
λδӶ֮ĮпĻȴҹΪΣΪζԷܹΪӶ֮
һ
ΪЩʹʲôʵȴȫ
Ȿͳϣ
ȷûվߣȫվԼߵģ
һ˲䣬ҹһֳû˶Էĳ嶯
ֻͷոһֻȴǴļϣϵİɳл˹֪ʱѾҹĲ棬§
ûлͷҹҲûʾֻƽĿǰ˵
СӣְҵײҪרҵͷɱŶΣյġ
§żҹҲɫƽ˵
Ŷ𡫵жȴ˵Ļһרҵ׵ĴҪССְҵ׵ɱ𣿡
һ
Σհ
ĵͬʱͷ


170 
̹ϡĽҹû˿ͣ˼תͳӪȥ
ҹȥıӰ˼εİɳл˹ոȫɿ֣ص˵
˵СӣûȤҵӶŰ
ǰҹŲ˶٣ƺûϵλеļһԼ룬΢΢ͷб˶ԷһۣǼǰʼ
˰ɣΪ㰡ӶȫܻˣԺӶϽֶᱻϴ󡣡
һ˵ţҹҲһ߱˰֡
ңһȥ²ƨɣңԹ˰ɣδӶ֮
̤ϣǰɳл˹ԲЦ
˼Сӣֳ£ѵΪְҵףܹʲô𣿡
γѾһİ˴ʦɳл˹ĿѾﵽˣϲܻЭԼһʦǿߵ˵Ըǲ
Լʱ
Կ˭֪ء
ҹɫҲأկſڣֱӷܣкˡ
Ȼǰ֮࣬ΪάϲЭȻʧһկӺһʦİ˸ӲЭ
ذһķӦٶȣҲԶԶҹԤϣո뿪կԶ̳ӵİӿ
ɽƵĶ飬ϵף˵ǲͨαɢ£ǰһе
ǻǿţÿһλӶΪϸѡְҵʵǿƽˮƽڶԷ֮£ʱ԰һľȴʤ㣡
ͻ»һɢֹ׷ɱ
ڻľ£ȺʵǿӶг¡
ԣڴɨսսսƷӶǣҲͻȻ̳治Щ
Ŀ֮£
ô£ôĶûǰ֣أ
ûзħ𣿡
൱ֵġ
˳սսʵǿӶ±Ҫǿ󣬵һ磬򽩳־棬ӶȱԸΪսҲ˳
ģû취֯Чķ
鷳ˣαһŭˣҲСĵɣɱۺǿɲʲôҲҡ
ɫҲԵúأεĳʹȫʧ˰
ȻˣҲֻȳҪˣ
ϲսԼԼŬ
Ҳս
ɳл˹˵ûʵѾǰܶҲãҲգΪ֮壬Ǿõģ
һֱ壬ԻȺϣŴҧһڣ
ȺӶûˣ߰ɡ
ҹȻʱνĹͬˣԼֵҲҪԼʳ
û˿ԥתܴͷתͳԶȥ
ҹϵܣⷽҪɡ
ҹͷķ򣬹Щɵ˵
ţ黹û꣬ɲǻҪʱ򣬹ҪҰӪһʱˡ
ҹһ˿ɫǰƾְҵ׵ʵıս֣ЩȴҪһء
ˣ˵ľһ֮¾ʦǿҲҪ߶
˷ˣ˼ʵо޴ѹƣܶʱֻܲϿ
ϣǸϣϸѡļӶ·磬ȻսһӴʵѾˡ
СģӶţʱɵķߣĳ棬ûһ˿һķãһ
ʣµľֹ׷ɱÿ˶ֻܣӮֻӮӶ
ϵӵŷḻӶʱȴ֣ǰΪĸ˾飬⼯սսУȴû˿ô
ַֻҴߣ磬ѧҹһĶƺнϴ롣
ǰ룬ܴߣȻһ֧ɵСֶӣҹ׷ɱ
ӶѾھɱˣҲྫֿʼʽ׷ɱȺ¾ͬĵˣɱѾ
˵ǹҹֱ߳СӣҲû֣ڡĿĹӦأϷҲ
δȵǵվȣѾᴩǵĺ
һǳɣû˿ͣ٣˵ҹĿڵ㡰ڡĹͬʱеģֻǼٶȸ죡ĶС
ιι㲻ӽҪҪɽҰ𡣡
ҹϬѾֲˣֻǶ·ķȴǸ̡
Ұ˲ڰɣҼǵõͼϣиλúƫЧñġ
ҹڻش𵽡
Ǻܺãʲô壬׼ͿǼ͵Ϯһﵱǧҵ𣿡
ɷ˷ۡ
Ҫҹ󡣡
ҹǹһ˿адЦݣ˵Ĺ졭


171 
Ӷǵ׷ɱ죬ֱҪħڵ֮ڣųɹ롣
ԭϸѡһӶܺʣµĲǧǧеĴ룬Ǳλ˵İɳл˹ȫˡ
֮ǰȻҲӶǵʱ죬ȴ޷õܺõִУȴͬԾ࣬ӶѱƣҲΪӶȫɢ
һӶǵóȻ˵˫ûʤߣذʧһկԼһλʦǿߣһӶǱУ
Ҫ֪ҪľҲֻа˸˱ְҵɣһӶѵĥսϣҲһĺ
Ҳȫ˼ƻ
Ȼ˫׼ôˣԭ˫Ѿҩζʮ㣬ֻû˺ˣһε¼Ҳȫ˵
֪˫ڲ˶Ҳ֪˶𣬵յĽȴѡս
ǿ߱ǰаͽʱҲȻæĵҪ֮ſ͡
ĵ֮ΰѾȫ֮ǰҹ
ͬʱƲɢͬʱ̤أز
ʱСŵѡҪأָӹ٣ȴȻҪڿ̣жУȫ˵˹̹ɭҵӰӡ
ŹӰӣҫһУ
ҪػƽһʱȴܿЧ£ǿţҲƯӮ

Ӫҹգƻ죬ϣŵȡ
״̬Ѿ˲¡
µУҹˣȴһֱǴɽУΪһС
ƫƧҰΧȴ൱һյƽ̨ܹһҪƽԭľ
ڰŪּⷨҹҲк£治֪Լﲻȥǲȷѡ
һﾹȻͬ˵ÿҹ󣡣
оѧķʦ
жϳǳ⻹ʲôƨð翵оҲʥλܹ֮յ
ֻҹܣ˿̶ȵľ׻ȦϵתţҹҲϵıȻգʲô۲Ͳһ
ͬʱٿأܹĿȻȫõ˹۲ϣһǵһ㡣
һֱˣ
ŶżỻЩ󷨲֪Щʲôƺ·ǿ
ԱǸƯʿС㰲İÿǴֻܳȥԣͳԣͷ˼ԣ治֪ôһġ
Ӿһȥ뵱ͻѾӽһ£һУǱذˣѾϺͲ
ȻңȻеսεıذ˴һǣҲЩӵɫ
ذˣּ򵥵УǼսʵЩȴǶѧġ
ȴҪɹҲչô
ذĪĸ㶨ˣôûɡ
ڹվ¥Ϲ۲ʱȴöδҹ
ֻݣҰ˵ҹڴֵгˣҲͬ˸¥ƺҪ۲һ״
㻹֪Ȼδȫ濪򣬵Сģ̽Ѿ˺üˣӮɡ
Щص˵
һսʤ˫¶ʧأӮң
ңһӲӮսǺӮǶȻһӦ
ĹģҪö࣬ѾһžĹģˣ¾ȫսҲԶˡŰسϺһ˿ս󣬾ֱץסǵ㣬ƽԭǿս
ƽ˵ֹģս£ʦֻˮԼ˽ȥݶð
ʦӶˣ콻žϵļԱ
սУɵļԱʵһܿµˣܻܿɶѪ
Ҳ˫ʼǲϵĽСģս̽ԭ򣬳⣬žܹٽӦⱻһߡ
ɶ񣬶Ǹ쵰Ӷɵĺ£ͷһìܣ˶ԣȴ£ǧְҵ׵Ķ飡
Ҫٹ֮أҲǰ򰡣
ڷ£ӵһģǱϿȥ񾭡
ϾҪˣܲʲô취ȡʱ䣬ʱδ
ҹ˫˼ž൱Ѹ٣ƺǰ漸ĥѾȫɿʵ
ǰ漸̽ѾܶˣҪٶȵȻ찡У㶯ƤӾǰôõǾ󣡡
Щץ˵Լʲôʱ˰ɣóҪԼȥ赲ȳô
㿴ǰ治žųôȥʲôĶа˵Ȱ棬ʱء
ҹһĶԹ˵ùɷһۡ


172 ж
Źģ쵰
ܴϣųսȥĹߵƿڴ
򲻹ʲô취
ǰһֱΪԼְҵпԺˣͬ޵Уרҵ״жܹУ̬Ǳ߸۰
ȵվڸϣáһ·ߺáı鳯Լҹǲֱըëˣʲô˼쵰
Ŀ͹Զȥоݿ⾫׼ʱ¼ҹɫҲ̧ͷŰƸǵգ̾˿
ѾΧӴ磬ȫ˽ȥ
һ޴ĻͶӰ˳ҹеĿ̶֮䣬˫Ŀգȴʲô

ԭĻߴ֮ϣ鱻һӰγһһķ
߿տȥ㹻ܼ־֢ĻͷƤ顣
ֱ۵ĿĿٶҲֻ֣һۼ֤ȴޱ߼ʡ
˫ϴľƶԱ߾ҲڲϵĸŲû˿ң
γŷĶš
һɫףʿװݣľݣԶǷװû취ͳһİܹġ
϶ռžϷ硣
ˣǰ彫죬Ҳصɫ
޷ۺģְҵ׶ζһֱƣҪžװͳһָЭͬսֲ
һβ֮ǰСģ̽ô򵥣˫ƾеãһһܹռݾƣǱȻȫʤɱһδģȫս
֧ݵķԱߣԻ˻ǿ
˿ͷһҪķλʮĺ
ڰۣ֮֮һȱǵѪͣһλλ֤Լʵ񣬾嵨սϣ
ǸңӦô
˷еȫ彫ʿͬʱͦƲ׵ҧϷ뻮һĽ
ָ򣡡
ְҵ׽ʿͬʱǣܵһǿ˾磬ɢȥֱ
ͬ˹ģְͬҵף򵱳ɢӶһܴʮ
һǣǰܱܺݺݰڵ棬ضһ
Ƚ̤֮ؽΪֳܱ֮Ϊ
ǧĶŷʿ۷壬ϷѪŤγһ꣡
Ǿ֮
ܹѹʵΪǿԭ
Ƶ˼£Ϊ׵ĽҲ沿֡
꣡һҧϡ
ֳ֮Ҫٽ𣬷棬Ȼ
ңԪ˧֮ӣ󣡿˫Ұ֣һԣ
һֻķܣĴһλϵӰλóȥͬʱְҵ۷ȫһ𣬴
䣡
޴һն£Ǵƨëе٣ȫڹİ£ӵСֱ
ӽ彫죬ʱǷյͷ˱ε
ǰͬһһûʹģ
ҧгݵƺǺ޲ó˾ܴεĹ
壬עصľһٶ˥ߣǰƱ۷壬ȴԪ˧⼸ִˣܶԷ˭
Ѱˣʱǲֹľŵģһʦǿǰ·ֻ·һ
Ԫ˧ҪȴܼΪԪ˧֮ӵĹ壬ȴ⼴ķԥ
Ҳһ˿ԥʹǰǳʱˣֹͣ˳
λ죬Żŭֱӷ˹
˹ؼʱ̣Ȼң϶ǵļϸ϶ǵģûˣ
ˡϻƣ˵㿴ǱߵİҲûⲻûô
ƺ֪ԼˣΣ֪Լʲô裬ȻˣмѾˣΪʲôԼֹؼʱ̣ѡǸһΪѡ
֪ΪΣ뵽Է˵Ļ뵽Է֮ǰɵ漣ȴѡţӶ&ӵΪ
ԼܴȻԼľҲҪɰ
ϻǽƨʿȻͲϾõ㣡
ͷĽ죬˵Ǵڱ¶״̬ȻĽƺĥӦóı߿
ŵܴŷʴɪɪƺҪϼ
˵ʶôˣʲôѵϣΪһῪЦ𣿣
Ͷ״
ˣ΢һ£˵
ᣬԭ˵
ʵԭһ֪
ֶû˵꣬ǱԶٴεĹ
ȻҪɱ㣡
Ȼʱ򣬹ķһ۵ֱӻƲֱʣĿ⡣
Ҳ˿жôȻ֪ڸʲô
Ҫʧš


173 ĩ
Ӵϣ貵ʯⱻγɵǿռ䣬ϵƺΪǽ硣
һ˾󲿷ܵ⣬ͻȻע룬ΪƬƽŵǽУССĲ
һöȭͷСʯУٶȣı˹ıʯȴײһŸʯ档
һĽǶȣıǿʯķͬʱԼ飬볯ʯȥ
ԭƽӦƲ˿һ΢ǽʱƣȴŵһϵŴơ

Ŀһʱǻָƽͷ͹ƴסȴ̬ķչ
ǰιȥˣȴʲôûз
ιι˵ķһ̻ɻ쵰ҰҰͷӶˣ
ҹȻҪɱ㡣
Ƭ̺ͷ죬һԼŪ˵ĸо
ֻǾ߹ͷమɱʱ򡭡
Ҫʼҷʦ㡣
һվĬĬעսˣͻȻȴһ̧ͷա
ǽ磬ˡ

Ӫء
ִгϣŰء
ͼһ٣˵棬üա
Ǹϼһôʲôʱħˡ
Ƭ̺ԭֻüŰȴɫ䣬վʦǿϢøΪܡ
ôôĶץȡô࣡
ֻǾʧأ֮ʱӰеһӰӣȴͻȻŰؽɱȥ
ˡһͼɢĹâ赲¶һźӰ
ôϹͷҲŹ𡣡
ŰƺԱ͵Ϯû˿⣬ֻϳ˱ɫ
ѾˣǶūѾٹ̣Ѿʺʱ

硫
ǱĶ㿪һæ˵
ҽͣҲǱɱεģϽס֣ȥǼһˣٶм
ֻǾʱһسϵȴս
ȫʮÿ׼ȫ巨ʦ׼ʹôͷħҪ
ϵ
ϤҲ£Բۣϵƻ˰ɡ
Ԫ˧ھżߣȻΪλ˵Իѡ˷ӡ
ֱսϴӣǧѵ£Ǻ˶Ϊ롣
ද󳷣˴׼֮ʱŰҲӰ˴
ȫˣұһʹ˰֣ɵִгϽ棬ֶΣѾıʥλ֮µս֣ҪԥϽˣ
ʱԵѾ쳣Ĺܹ۲׽
ɢ֧Ҳкܶ˷״ȻȻϸĳָȴҲкܶɻ
ʲô
ǡ
̫ûɽҲû𡣡
ʯɡ
Ϊöʯѡ
ǿˡ
˵ɻ֮УʯеĴСҲʱԵıһڳУ
ߴ˵𣿡
Ҳ˵ߴˣҲԸıϵս𡣡
ʯĲϽӽűŨʯҲ¶ݣ
ԭֻһС㣬ǰȴѾһɽ𣡣
ȫԱÿ׼
ʦȫأҪľᣡ
Ҫ绹δ𣿡
ָϵУ֮ǰҪָٵ´ﴫš
˲ɢƲö޴ʯȺأ
â˲һͻȻ
Ŵصľ𺳣ֱʵĢƳƺռգ
ۿɼĳӱըӿرƬĩգ
ⶼĢƳĳڣһƬҰ
ǰ˳ʮŷʦǵĸ޴ĳҲֱӽͳɢֻΪ빻ԶʱƽʵҲǿδߡ
ԭһƬ׵һƬɵɫ
Ѿִ֮󣬾ҵǽ
䣡
Աȱ㹻ͼʦӻİˣʧǰˣǰĵֿİ˾ӢҲǰ˶ƤֶҪ
òףǿľͷѾȥֻʣನŰδһϤٴδ
ոֻǰ࣡ûȫԵſ£ڶĸڶȥ΢һ£ҪܽǸǽˣ
˻һ±ûзӦʲô˼ʱԭյգȴͻȻգ
еƲ㣬еĳȫһգһܼʯӿ£
ǰȣСҪСһЩȴ̫ˣ
ƭ˵İɡ
š
ôܣ
ɡ
ܽħ𣿡
Ӳˡ
ڴʱҪʵĻʼҷʦϣȴͻȻɫɵӿÿһö׼Ļһʯ
ʯƬײܡ
ǵˣһʺĻҲͬʱӻʼҷʦҪչ֮ǰеִ֮ǰ
䣡䣡䣡
ʯ飬ȻƬ׹ĺС
ĩһս׹ѣʯγɣƳ
ڷɵѻԼʺĻǣ£ڣҪ罫ȫ˽ȥϵĲţʣµĳȫֵ
ƬأȴǱӲ㣬¶·ҿ飡
һԶսƫԶԶľ֮£ľȫ˺ѣһɫ建չ¶ŲϾҴϢҹӣޱİš
Ѫ˫ۣҹоԴǻġ
֮ǰҪԼŬһĶоôõĹ켣ϱǿݿ۾ϣǡʱ䣬Ϊֹõһ·
Чƺ΢е㳬ԼԤϰ
ܶȻǾŰĻɳĩһĳҹҲһΡ
ΪȫŵӴˣȴûע⵽ƻе㱬ըըû˰ɡ
ǹƨġǿģͺϼ飡ʲôרҵǿרҵܸɵ£
ҹεȫǵ˯ͼ﷭һ鼮ȫһЩϵĻ뷨
һƪˣרҵǿߣиߵ£þȫӦǿͨǽ취һСʯѴײ
ٳӣгɹһΣĳרҵ׷ʦԼҷʦоɹһʯ
Ҫǰʵģҵ˼ǧһԱߣͨ׷ɱ
ҹôû뵽Լϣӳô̬ܣ
ÿιҪǰ׼£Ҳܱ֤ÿι̶ܹҲ̫˵㣡
ǽʯʦҲ˼ǿʵģԣȻ޷ǰ⡰ĩСȡ
ҹҪԿʱһ幥Ȼȥо潻С
ʦǲԼһ㣬һȺʦϣ̰ĸģСһģԼṩݻǰõġ
ֶ壬ʥλʱӦܹסһ¾棬ܸдʷ
ˣҪţƣܲôˣݽȥҲˡ
Ȼе㡰СⲨۣҹȻ׼Ըдʷ
Ȼ
׼ʵʩʱȴͻȻһƬͰȫ
Ӫѡ壬ɣȣ800ֱӻع顣
ι°ι
ǽԼȫֵĺ󲻶ߵӽǣҹгһС
ģǹʷô޷ıô
ӽǣС磬ҵ͵ĴźΰҪҹֻΪһ̾Ϣ
ҡ
ˡ
ҡ

ΪΣ⵭źΪλ᲻ġ
ͻȻ䣬ӡ̻ݿ⣬ʼҹ֮󣬵һϳ˷ӡɶ
һ˲䣬ǰоɫȫ˱仯ԭɵĻУһԺһγɽɵĴԪ
ʱ֮ӣ
ҹĵһӡ󣬶漴ǷԼ뿪ĺ򣬳һϸСĲơ
ͺƽʯӶļĺһ㣬һʧ
⣡
Լĳ֣ǶԭʷӰô
Ϊʱ֮ӵҳˢֻһȫƽȻǰչǰ
֪ΪΣҹͷһʯҲĪ˿̧ͷԱڻеһֱʱʵľҹձ۾һ̾Ϣ
ⲿּҲٴʧɣԼжԼڡ
׹˳֮꣬ѹȺ󱬷˳־õսֱϱȥ޷̳ǵ־۹̳
Ӷ֮ɳл˹ʿ󣬡̻ʡ¶˹λʥλԼڣ¼ԪĴԴǿߣҪ˵һνӴչʱƪ¡


 ߱


174 λ滻
ϤѣУصռ䣬ԺʷһϢҹеĸоԼ˵
νڹȥ֮ȴδ֮ô
ԼΪ˲ȫʷŬı䲻Ѿʵ


ԼˣԼֹذ֮ս
ĺһҹҲٴλָǿҲصɡ

ɣ׶һȣ100
ɣ׶ζȣ100
Ӫ񣬾ɣȣ800
ʾȴҲǿҹ˾ȵĶһǺǿģǿٵȣŸ㵽Լ֮ɺĳΡ
ܹܶѾ򲻵Ķ
ʱľĲƸ
λû߶٣ʵȴѾܹӲרҵĳ̶ȡ
ǵǴֵֶֹΣҹҲⶫеоȤ׼ȶ⣬Ͼһʺڵҹϡ
ΪϽƷĹϵֻлҼֵĽԵúϡȱ
ȻȵģԼԭɽڵ㣬һһЩϡвϣȻҪչ
ﵽ󣬵ƾ֮Լܹ磬ֱϣʵԻӼࡣ
ٶһԺõõϡвϣףȻдˮĴˮǷİֲ
ãҹҧ100ȣȡһöʹ÷ԭĴˮ
ռϸ˵˵ˮϣôֻǽ̻ʹһ۶ļɣûоʹõȴûʲôá
ҹ֮ǰ۲첢ϮǴֵֹʱ򣬶νѾһԼ⣬֮ȵĴ棬ϷӡһڴЩԣȻֲֻԵĴ֡
ԼûоԼʹüɿܡ
ɢɢĶһҹҲˮٳͷЩȴ׼оָ߲֮ģҲ׼ٶһʲôˡ
º󣬱ǿԱ߷İţСӦҲŲٰɣ֪ỻһЩɶҲԼ׬ģҹҲûȥ֡
˵ӡԼǩ󣬶ԷǿԼǿԼǿҲͬǶԷǿοԼĪУҹеֵֹġ
˵˫ĸоܴ࣬е㲻ҪݣȴĪеٺϵĸоŮ֮Ů˾ǵϵĪԼǸеİΪλ뷨ɢ
˫һڵĺĻɢʱҲٴɺڰ׻ָɫʡ
ſУѾΥ˵ĸζϤİҹҲһʧ
ϴεľֻ֪ȥһ˲Ÿ߼ԼǣţҲ
ֻҹͷոͷһϢ㽫ͬʱ֣ҲԼһֵ·ֿȥ
ô£ԷӰ𣡡
ӡģ֤γʽԼˣߴ֮һд㷺Ĺ֮˹λҪһȡ
£žȻûȫѣǩԼĳΪʹλҲֻһλ񣬵֮
ֻҪþǰԼռ伴ɡ
ҹĽţŵû˶һƽ˵
ԼϵҹҲ˼ܹ֮ԼγɵԼռйܵġ
˼
ûкֻǩԼ
Ŀ˿ſһֺñ飬ԼܣҹҲһҡ
۵ͳһöӡᣬٴνıܸ˽ȥ
ôʵļһ̫ʢˣΧڻãȥһ»Ƿʬ
ҹҲѾ׼ˣҲȫָˣҪ׼Ͱһ뿪֮صʱ
ȴܸое㲻ԾأǰԼʲôţԼ
һ߻ţҹһ߷ݿеĲԱȣ󣬱ͻȻͫһһ亹
֮˹֮ŵ£
ȫͬͻ֣
һ
Լǰʱʱϲ鿴ǰߣȴ֮ͬʱ˹ռУ֣УȴѾʧλּأ
ңһֱЩԼȻ֮ǰһֱû˿Ļɺɻ
ֱȻһ
ǡ
λ滻
˹ȡԭְ֮Ϊ˹֮˹
Ӷˣڸеȫλȡ
ǹ֮ͽҲ˿ͻɣ統Լʹӡǵʱһ
ڼУʷϳֹλ滻ļأǾǰŷȡ
ԭȴѪͳβԭΪΧ񣬽ش˰͵ϮնɱӶȡλΪµ
Ҳǳ˴ڸе滻ֻΪλߣ󱻽ʣλǿмԲλ滻

ҹȴû뵽λˡӦóΪ֮˹Ȼô
kΪƷɵ滻𣡣
ģôĪԼ֪ʲô˲õܰ쵰


175 
ɳĮɵ򽻽紦һƬɳĮɳĮ
ΪԵʣɳĮڤһЩ൱ϡҰҩϣĻݡԶ̦аݵȵȡ
۵Ĳϳɷȡ
ҪȡЩҩģȴҪð൱ķա
ɳĮԿɳĮеħ޿ɹ󣬲ɹһ롣
뵽ڤ֮ϣ߼ĿȻӣ൱Σա
ˣȻвˣǳǻڤظѰźʽĻᡣ
ҲΪˣɳĮڤ򣬳һƶĺС

ܹɳĮһżҴڤԴעˣٶҪǸ߼̴ӵĵȼְҵǿߵܶȣҲԶѰС
ҲΪǿߣȻûзȴȻȻγһǱ򣬴屣һֱϵȶ
׵ƴգĶһƲ̯ڵϣ̯λ϶ûʲôмֵƷ඼һЩƴճİ
ֶཻҲԳϵ̸׺󣬱ȥõɽס
ģǼˣûиô׵ģ
һɫڵĿ׳վһڷ˼ǵ̯λǰֵ˵
Ǹ̯ľӣȴ˿Ϊ⣬Ц˵
λϰ壬Ҫ֪˹̹ѾûˣಹƷҪȥԶĳУǼǵȻĿ
ı浱ԩͷֲʲôƷǵȥвȫȥɳĮ͵ȡİ
ں˿ԷĽͣЩ
Ϊڤˣ⣬ħ޺Ͷ棬ʳĲеһͷ
ںӵĻȻ˲˵ĹһðߣǱԹƵ
ֳû۵Ϊǲݡ
ߣ˵ʲôãбȥҿۡ
⻰һ˵̾һĬƺڳ˶λ˶Ǽɵ
ˣݵĳĬƬ̺ǿߵıطȻ˽
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˶ĺ˶ǹ״̬һ϶ȺϣǿסˣʱЩְҵϵ˵á
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˭
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һֻ˶ķܣǳ˵ҰУǱȥĻӰ
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176 
һˬҹͷȥҲһƺļһ
ϧһк󣬼ʶǺΰսҹ֮ǰְҵǿӡ٣ݿ˭
ⲻǸ˭Ǹ˹̹վɳ³ϵһߵģų˹̹ǿӶŵųô
󰡣վ˶ӾȻҲûɳ³ӳˣȻ
Ϊϵ¼ҵĹϵҹһĵһӡ˲ƺҲһ˵ӣҲûȤǨŭԷ
һҲͲᡣ
ôҲ˹̹ˣҴֻô㣬ϲ鲻ϲȴҲûץסǡƽϡ
̫࣬ȵٵĵطٰٻްŷųˣ뿪ΧʱԼռġ
ΪҹԼйǹľڿռеʵģҲѣͰǱܷųˡ
ͬʱĥԺҪԴװĴˣÿ÷ӡƺе㲻õӡ
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СӣǻصȥԷϢ
˹̹֮ǰһ̴ӣתۼһȻѾְҵˣп϶ܣ
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ҲҪҸڣʵɣɳ³һҪǴ򲻹Էٴμ׼ƴȴֵˣһһֻʳĳﻹڡ
Ȼû˵꣬ҹƲͷбһۡ
Ŷ׼ĶԹ
赭дһ仰ȴͻȻÿ米һ䣬Ʊŵʺһһ
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ԷȻԼоת˲ʱһǿԽǣ
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ʵʵĽʵɳ³ľٶеЩȻ֮ɵ´½ʦǿ֮һͻƵרҵҲҵﰡ
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ص㡣
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˵ͷҹҲٴ˵ԷȻôϣҲԷһͷĵλõҲȫǿڤɻġ
һЩеĲϣ˵ȻҪ࣬ҩƷҲܶࡣ
ʣµһҩȫܹռԱʱ֮裬תȥطɽҶ׬ģҹȻҲᡣ
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㶵ĿϵĿռһ±ƣ֪ΪξͱĽˡ
ռҩ󣬶ʱǰһϾһ˾ܵĳ嶯
ϧ嶯ոո֣Ī˸սƺԼˣ


177 
ۣոҿʲôӶŵųˣһˣ
ʲôݣ˵һȿ绹ǿߣ
á
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ҹŴܳźڲ߽ȥʼռӶŵ֮ǰΧ۵ЩΧȺҲ˵
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װһĪ⣬ƺʾԼһΪӶſˡ

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ϴһǴ·;µĽڵĺܿ졣
ֻΪոճͣԼϵûܣе㽩ӲУҪӳûõȴһʱ䡣
ٽڵŪ꣬Ѿռϵ½ˣӦһ¿ڶԷϵľڵλûܺҹͳһöɢԹԵˮ˶ͷϡ

ҹɫ٣Ҳ޷͸ܲƣ֮ȫŻž졣
ҹ֮⣬ʱȴǳ˺ѹѹһƬˣӶŵĳԱš
˩ܴ󣬴ʱһɪɪƺҪԼķʴһûʳħ޵ϡ
ڰȫһЩ̴ӼһΣȴǳְҵ׵ǿߣͷϢԶƳڿ֮ϣ
ΧסʮǰĿ磬ʱɫҲԵúѿ
վǳէ̫͹е״ˣʱ䣬صؽЩ̰ļһԼӦʸֱӺ̸ˣϾƴԼκְҵˮ
ԼѾӵ̸ʱ
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һ׷ԲԣհݣɭȻ˵˿в
ǰϵܣôණֲ˵Ҫģֻ˵еҩĿޣĶ¶ѡ
ΪλЦĴӣʱҲ˵
Ҷ˵ˣǰ˰££ô˵Ķˡ
˵ĵҲЩࡣ
Ҹ˳˫ɣҲᣬ鷳ҲҸģ㳶˵һλҩʦðҲĹء
УһλȫڶеӰ˴̶ļ
ԣԾҪ̧ۣЩҩȡĺô
û֮ǰЩΪ֪ˡ
֪ŪҩϽóɽ

λְҵǿߵĴͷְͨҵԼδ׵ĺǣҲǲϽ
ԿӶŵʵûһܹȳ£һֵĻվʹ󽵵ˣߺʩѹʧʲô
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ֻһ۸϶ѹ࣬ҲǸԷһ·ҪƵùǽ
ǲ붥ˣЩԼģ϶Ѿóˣ㱾ˡ
ÿεͷ͸еһŨΣԼƺȥĺǰΧĺҪ£
һĸоԼʲô쿪ںһ
ꡫ
ȻڴʱһҧϵĦȴǱ˿һȹףҹоһŮ˳
ֳһʱһΧŵĲ˶ð̹⣬඼ںдõˣͲ֪ζˣĸܷ飬̸ͻȻðһľɫ
Ϊ׵ְҵʱȴǶɫЩȻһλǿߣĻƴпܻԼˣ
ʱҲ±ƣĪȥĲһеİôˣףһҲе죬ǵڳֹ֮ѧ𡭡


178 
ŽĸҲ֪ôҲЩ㲻ᡣ
ͷͳ˼Ƭɣҵڽɪɪܴ󣬳
ֻܵ˾ŵܴ󣬴ʱȫûгԶƾżӣǲ졣
ͷצӵ¡
ߣҪΪһǾͻЭ
ҪˣʵϵƣһҪǿӲģǱɣһôòʲôöҪܵġ
Ϊŵĳ֣Ϊ˵ıȻһЩֻ⻰ôô޳ܣƷǿҪӲģںȰһ
ƺѶǵҪó䣬Ӧ
ŵҵˡ
Щյļܴ󲻳Զ룬תͷһ˵
ƺǰ
ţǻҪģ
ŮͻȻڣհݵҲƺҵͻƿڣ˹ֱܻܿӼìܣǲɱӺ
һ䣬ͻȻ˦־ͷɳĶ̼һŵܴȥ
ôĿҲܴѰһ˵
ֻǶ̼·ߵʱ򣬱ֱĲͺƸ߼ֻӬһ
̼ײˡǵͷȥ
û񣬾һʹ˸̼Ϊ˷ĩ
óֵͷһݣĳ֣ʵѾþȫ
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Ȼδͷ뷨ð꣬ͷһɱ
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δ£ǻһƬ鲼¶ˣվһۼ̨Ӱ
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ԣʵ̨Ӱʱһֱŭ״̬۷죬ƺҪʲô
뿪ԭڵλ˳ƲͷһһԿŸܴɵİš
˭ɵġ
һֻץסɷ׽İţޱһֻСָǸͷû˵
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ҹ˵ֻǴպϣֳЩ˵ȴȫһ
һµǽ˶סˣ
ЦһһͰһǿߴ֪
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ӲĻͷھ׽ʲôһȱŮҲ˿ڿˮ
ƺǷ˿̿ˮԭһİţ̾;ɻڻڳʳ״󻹶ſ磬ƺһԲϾͶֵơ
ÿϽͷٶ࿴жλҲ˲ǵıǡ
̼ߣҹָȻţжλãУ׼ӣҲͷ亹
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ͷ˿Ц˵
ҶֻſײĵˣƷҲϣŵĻҾȥһ¡
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ҹȡһСƿӣָմմ͵һҩϣǰ˰֡
ԼԹĿȻҲ׼ƵĶҲģҩܺԼľȵԼָ߼ˡ
ߴſƵɫҲֻܿЦŸȥ
ֳҲʧһɢҹҲûʲôֹ˼ǿȼպĻ鷳ġ
ϰ壬ô졣
ƺˣվ˳ָŵǽڵӰ˵
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôһ˶Ҷɱ⣬㿴Űɡ
ҹϲڵĻҳƵĻصʵ̨Ա߿ʼռ
ЩԸԪعͬΪɱ൱еģԼĹƫתˡ
ΪһУ˵պϰɣĿǰĳ̶ȶԣ΢е㼦ߡ
֮֮ǰԸǻ÷һֽţԼҲȫǺߵרҵ״ˡ
ֶ͵ǱҹǺܿõģһ֡ҪУԾͻСĸо
ֻԼûĿǰҲ̶ֳֻȣԪعΪԸںϽȥĳ̶Ȼ̫ˡ
ʹǵʹҹȴǿŶԴǿģҪǱʹ֪ܹûʹǲ֪ᾪųʲôӣ
Ϊܹʹģֻ֣һǵõͣʹȨ޵ʹһ֡
񡭡


179 ʺ
ΪһЩֵǮĲϣͷϻе˽
ܴϣͷϵİŸʻҹһûзĹ鱾ƺֹš
ںеĿģѾﵽˣ㹻ĲϣͬʱռһĲϣ󲿷תʵ
˳ͷõνġ⡱󣬷ֳһЩֵǮĲ⣬һֵ鱾
˵ͷĳһż̽лõģ֮Բͻ츳ƽݣһ·ߵǣⱾ鼮νû
һ¼ֶҩʽ鼮
ͷֹãܹȫвְҵ۷ǿߣһЩ¼ǱҪҩʦֶβõˣȻû֮ǰЩҩٶвרҵǿߣ
²ֻܹӰ죬ʵ൱ߵĶˡ
ֻǲĺܹ󣬴඼ϡУвپҪڤϵĲϣԼҲռһЩǰһЩ棬һյĻܸһЩǲ֪Чô

˰Сӵҹһ۵ıƲͷܴԱߣи棬ĵĿ磬¶ɫ
Ҫʲôʱ򰡣ӶŲҪ˰ְҵǿߵأ
֪ΪɶԼ˲ϵĽ󣬿һһȵģԼӶŶֱ˦ųˣԼƨƨߵĸ˹
ûиŶ
ϰ壬ϰϢŭλܶ鷳ģѵʲô鶼λŮʿȥңȻʵǰܲʲôԺܶȴǺֵġ
һֱԱߣµľҹһֱԼǰͬԼ˵⣬ȴҲһæ͵
ԼȫŶľٶ˺ܴĵģ
ϣԷһ½ְҵ׵¹ֻΪ̫Ż࿴һۣȫҪɭҵıӻ²ܰȣڲŹȥãŶã
ȻѾΪǿߣֻǳΪǣ綼û𺳣ܻ̰Էʲô
ǿǣ
սʤɱ
⡭
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ҲԼôٹһʱ䣬Է¿ῴԼһۣ
ʹ˷ģĵ飬ȻλϰϺףʵϣȴһλϡеĸ
ϵ¼λ飬еӶΪ޼ֹҲˡ
ֻҪԼȫȫ⸨гͷӣ
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ϵʱͱҪϣλԼһӵģ
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סô˹̹վڹϵ¼һߵġ
֪ǲǿҹɻ󣬿ͳһħԼ˵
ϰ壬ǿǩӶԼģԼȻ֣Ҳܸ߼ˣרҵ׶нϴ
Ϊ˹̹ӶţѾǿ߼ħԼˡ
һ˵꣬Լд֣˾Ѫ˼Ƕҹʲôûдһôӡ
ƫƫҹ治̫˼̵̫ҪܾԼĪһţƤǰһ
꣬ʲôʱԼô©ˣԿʵﶼҵǿȥɡ
Ŀ˿һۣҹԼϹ˼£ȻԼܴͬʱǩȥ
ÿ¶ϲɫе㷢ﲻˣôǷܵѪ
ţƸˣԼ˵ܻģʺ١
ԼͰľ飬ȷȲ˾
ҹڿҵ±У˦һƿҩ
ţԤ֧ıˣڵʣ̫˸߿ûɶá
ЦĽӹҩҲû˵ʲô͸һƿϴҩֵҩϰûˣֻΪλҪһֻܡ
νĽҩһָϴҩԼǰҲȹģо飬˵㡭
ۡ
ǿùÿ罫ҩ˳̧סǿȥг۲˼𾪡
ҩҲ̫Ե˰ɣҾȻỷְҵĳˢĵʣ
⣡
Ʒʵҩ
٣㲻Ҫƭң
ı꣬ǵһֻܵĲʺҲˣӶԷ赭дĶҩԷܿԼлƷʵҩ
ǳ鵽һ֧ǩ
꣬ǼٸܴĲɳĮĶϷǰš


180 ֮
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ںᴩɳĮĹУӭµһ굽ҹҲµʱöڸģݺġ
ЭٶȶǿرǶǰڸͬʱǿһ飬ۺܴ
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ҡùݶ㣬һ䷿УʱȴǾۼһȺŮСֻʮ꣬Ĳᳬʮꡣ
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Ҳ֪ǸյĲʺٴ̽鱨ô
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182 ӿ
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˹̹ΪƷһ˦ɭȻԽ˿ڣóȴʮֹ

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ƫƫɳ³Ĺ඼ֻ˲ܻԷ»أȺСһ̬Ȼû
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ʲôԵĶԼ¼ˣǾ鷳ˡ
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ԼѾרҵ״иչҹȻನ˵ǵСȡɵɣԷҲǸոտרҵס
ԼҲǿˣǵСҲѰרҵԴ
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ҪӺ֮еԨԴùǣιأǱߵսô£Уûмһְֵҵ׼һףһ֮˶ٵʦ
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Թһƺ׼ֱӶǰĳרҵս
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治֪ĸۻλ©ĶӳְֻҵףŸ߼ãԼԻ˵ħԵĸãʵְҵڣȴҲ㹻רҵǿ߿⣬ռϷ磡
ԼԼѪԼʹݣòͬȴһֱռϷ磬ԴӲ˶Էټһ·׷ٵ⣬ȴû뵽ȻǱһ
ʹӡǱӡԼ޷鷳Ǵˣ
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Ҫɸ߼ǿߣ֮ųӶͻƵǰĽޣ
û뵽Ȼĳ˹ϵ˰֣


186 һ
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Ϊ֮ĵʦʹ˽ģʦоʹĴڣͬеȷһ޽
Լרҵ׵ΣɣҲְҵ׵ĶԷܹסĲǣ
ΪԽԽһ̶Լĸо
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ֹҹһ߸ߵˮݲҩˮһ߸ûɶսƷǲ˽⵽Աֵ뷨ĵ׻ܿġ

ԺϿҲ˵רҵǰְҵ׶Ļˣĳλרҵһа̾


187 ǰ
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һɵİɣСʹصĺ
ΪɵֵĹ죬רҵ״Уûһȶ֣µĻ󣬹ϵʦľԵú⡣
רҵ׷ʦе֪ʶ˵û̫أƽʱҲԵ̫棬εǺܺãǶ̫Ѳˡ
Լǹʦһóͷӡ֮ǰҪ·ˣû뵽Լͬ»ʹһֻҪȫⶫ⡣
ⶫҲֶιѣֻҪܿƣȫֵһᣡ
ɢʥĹԣľȫ׼ַԷ·ˡ
ʵҲʹǸѲλ
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ֻǻ˵һȴΪĳⱻͻȻֹˣֻԭ䵭ӰͻȻһȫƾʧ֮⣬ԭһĵطȴͻȻ˳
ڳһײ͸ǽڵӣײˡ
ķ棬ȫԼһŤγɵ͸ǽڣܥκǽں󷽵ëɵַҲ˳
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һעĳ磡
ѽҲʲô¶ûҪ־͹һֵʹɣҶӰҲһ˽Ŷ
һҹһģһֻǻȫڵӰӰڶԷ׺󣬴Ӱվ
ʱϸĻҹȴǲûӰӣ
ϴǰüܲ͵δϲƵǰüܣȻҪѧˣ


188 ͶӰ
ܥͷӬһĴײ˼ΣͻƲ˺ҲͣתͷݺݵĶҹ
λרҵ״УҲŹ֣һ˺ʧܵĸо
ΪԿƵĹϵǵΪСһʵҪԼǿԷһ˼ͰˣԼרҵ׵ĴȴûﵽһæҲ̫ˡ
ϷʦãԼù̬ãһģرǸųƲʮǷ϶УӲζ
ʱҲѾҹϳˣǰԼȥ˹̹ʱ·һСһ
ʱԷͫԼѪеӡ󣬵Ҳڴˣ˫оϵĲࡣ
Լ鶼ûոҳһĶ׷ɱȴСһѾɳֵزԲһ£һֱԼ츳ҲŵģڶԱһ£ƺҲʲôˡ
һȺϣȻҲҷ𣡡
סġܥھȻ˼תͷвֻżƳҹȴǳ˲ͼɵЩɵȫһԷʽʹַΪΡ
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ʥİɫ֮ϣƺҪϯɨ룬Էȫ
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һʱ䣬ҹȻһֱԼԷ߸ϸһ㿴Լĸо
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ܥаԨϢȻȫʧˣ
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Լȣɢ磬ͻеȻգҹıҲأֱǲֻ֮ҪӣԷȫܹ

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Ԩħݲеư壬ʶһ֣һĥܹ˵Щ־ǿˡ
ְʶ˽ѣҹҲһ˵ĸдҲɻ𣬵޼ҲԽܿ˵ġ
ţŵҪ̳ǵ־

ɳĮصһСרΪǣһÿظľ
СеһưܷڣʱȴһĹϢ
һľ̶ɣݵĵɢڵأǰһλԲѵ긾ŮƤһҲ۾
һɳ
Ůʵ̫ˣǸԼѪ޷죬ΪǸܹ
ȻǸܥħ
ˣǵ˺þá
ȻڴʱһˬȴͻȻ⸾ɫľȻĻͷһۣһݵк

ҹ޼ʰĶӺʶ̴ӣ˹̹ʲôֵĶıƽ
㣿ǣǾȻҡ
һƽĸˣڷʲôȴɫ䣬ƺǾ
һĲʶͲҪЩӲҪǵˣԹԸҲһְɡ
Це֣ץǸ˵ͷȻħʶĸˣȻɵһ㣬ȫûжܣ˵ûܣ
˫֣֮ƴ͸һ㣬һԪ⸾˵ͷ­֮ڡ


189 
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ͷ¶׼ͷεΪ֮ҹȴҲεķ֣Ǻһɳ³ϵͲˡ
λרҵ״Уǰȥ֧ԮսĶѺȴҲû¶Էֻ˼
Ͼרҵ״Уûʲôֶα̫ܻܿͬھġ
Է֣ҲǺħʲôףΪṩרҵ׵Ѫ⡣
Ϊλѡ֮žͺ֮רҵǿ߱ȽϼеĹϵɣԼԷ϶һ֮ܲѺõ
ϧҲħ׵ƵһȴǺͷǰȫû⼸רҵףֱƾðһ㡣
ɨһ󣬵ȷûɳ³ҹҲЩĻصȺѧ֮
ΪҪ»ŵѪʳЩɳ³ɨѧ඼ˣֻĸ
һȺ˾ȻһǿµЩ֮ӵҲǱݺݵĶڵϷ顣
λϷʦƷ£˶ϻָˣȴһ²ߵӣԴ޾ɡ
˵ˣص˭ǺʾǱİˡ
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ȻʼЩȴҲȻͷףͷЩƣԭʮ󣬿ȥʮһ
ʱҲܵ˾޴Ĵʧӡ
ΪǵģѧȫֻܵĸвˣΪӢ¾ٶѧ
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ʵܲҹҲһֱܵĸо
ðɺðɣȥǣʱԼռûָһʱȾ
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ҹһ˷ˣڰŽԼռĻҲɶӰǡ
ֻҹԼԼߣԴĽ֮ʱΪŵľٶҹҲ˲߹
ſɱ֮ķٴγȻ˺ܶעرλܵشҪ鰲İͬѧ
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˵˵еЪ˹ȴһЩѧ֧һλ֮߶ֽųĵʦҲͷ˵
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С㣬үܵ˺ܴĴǶһ¡
Լү뷨ȻģҲΪԷȫүܹĺһ֪λŮԸ䵭¶Įġ
ʵֻҪܹһĹϵ˳ˮ΢ˮˣҪ˵ʲôõԷĸ顣
ԼڣԶԷ̫ϲ˵Ը˵ĿҲ
Ȼǲϲڣҹǡ
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ҪԲ͵͵ӹҲ³
ҹȻˣȻὲʲô飬ԷԽϲʲôרʲôûöٶ񶾵Ļɱֱը
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ɰµĻŸո˵꣬Ӱ嶼δȴȶˣ
ȡ
ӰȫӰȫ·
ָںǰ⽣⣬żϰסԼǿԼŨħӰѹͷɱ⣬ȵ˵
λʲô˼
ӰɱŶ¾񿺷ں˵ĻҲţ˵Ҹڣ
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˴ƬâϷʦȴûôõƢˡ
˵СӰӣǸϼһһƢС˵˵㲻ôذɣ
λӰӣҲǰүүϣǿϷʦҲ˼ӡ
֮ʦĹ¾Ͳᱣʲôˡ
ϵĿñӣּһﻹǰɵɣҲһ
˵Ҳȫûζ԰µɱ⡣
רҵ״еѹγʵʣȫܹ⣬ܵ˾ҵĴһγֱ˹ȥ
в֮ⲻԶŪҾŪү
һֱûλʦҲû뵽ͻȻ֪Ϊ˾ȻάСǵʵǲѧУҲǾӢѧɡ
ȻԼνвλսѵĺҹǸܵˣʾʾ˸л
лҺȫ޷ͨˣʺټǵðܴιãȥǡ
ĸл꣬һͨƫƫְҵ׿ֹš
ϡ
ûգƺ˶֪˵˭
õͷĿҹ뿪˶Цá
һƵĿƱ飬˵ԼûϴȺźԼй߰ϴ
꣬ϽسǣɭȻ۾רҵҲ⶯ֵġ


190 ۾
ˣȥϢɡ
ľѾڵ֮ҹתͷԱߵİ˵漴Ǽǰһֱӿޣȫʧ
ԼռãӦܹӴĿռ֮÷ʽˣϧֻǽԼ繲ҪԼһ㣬Զ
ڰŻȥԼռϢʱ֮Լʴ״̬֮ҹҲûٹǵ̯˱֮ûƶˡ
ڰѧǵļλУҲͬʱе̧ͷǳƶ˵ĸӰ
Ľװû⣬ǴϵҪﵽʦ̤նС
Ľ˵ҼλרҵУҹսã֪ɲܹУǼƷеļƷ֪㵽ġ
ոձӰѵİ£ҲֵĻѾԷӰӵƲ㣬г˼ʡ
ƾʲô
ƾʲôСôõܹĶ
һܹ򷢵ĸ࣬һ̴ӣ
Ϊרҵװ˵
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үҲˣңҪЩ
ѾڲˣӰ岻̾˿ѵԷĿΪ£ûսʱԼȫ޷ֺȥͺһ׵̴һүϲҲпԭ
ʵܿܶѾˣֻ´үû˵ˡ
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һߺ޵İ£ӰĻȴƱȵβ͵èһ
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Է߼źͶԷȽ׽¶ûгǰļӦ
ΪΣĶһָӵԽУʵǿһ˼ֵĸѣ
õֻãź׽ҲֻǰŲųСļһѣ˹ѹ˵ܱȵùԼ
ȻӰĻ󣬰ȴȫ޷ˣ
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ԼƴôصˣúźòͻƵǵģɽʱһ̨涼ϲˣûһ㻰ȨС̴ӣ˵Լͬˣ
һ˲ͽеĽ÷飡
رӰǾ䡰ҪЩǳĳһ㡣
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´ʱֱǸоԼҪˣһһֱԼСɫʱȻ˺Լͬĵλרҵ״˵
ԱߵӰԺɫҲ΢૵
ʱδô

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ӣˮ˰ɡ
Ʋ˲Զһᴩħɭֱ֣ͨ뺣ڵĿҹҲǺԥֱȥ
ħɭָ֣ܹɵ¶ʳħ޿൱ģرǺҹҲո˵ȫں
ֻҪļֻ¾Ǽħ޲ҴܣԼûΣյġ
Ϸ粶ӥһѲӣҹ鵽ڻǺµһӰ
ºˮǻǣȴҲҹʮļӳɵ۾
˻һƿϣˮС

˰ǡ
ʪһϸӰˮϰҹƺҲеЩ
˵ȷһȻɳ³Ϻ꣬һòŮȻƽ˵㣬Ҳ˷ˡ
ؼǣҲ֮Уգʵǣ֮ѧ
治֪ôˮеģֱֲӶܡ
Ҳ֪ˮ˶ãְҵ׵ЩһϢˣҲǶʲôɣûơ
ӣҹҲֹҪҪ˹ʲôġ
ƺе֮ΣһӦþͲˡ
·̫ãеǱҪ˺
ɲԹҰҿǾġ
Է죬ҹֹ߶ţԺлðһЩŶΣ᲻ῴӾҪҲʲôİ᲻Ϊ֮ʲôŶΰٺ٣úܲԼԿ
ƯŮ˶ҪСȦףŮҪޡ
ڽаųѽ˼ҸոսԼռϢôܹġ
˺¶ƽ̹Сؼ㻹Ǳ·ԼסҹȻҲƿȥôƽҲûɶͷ߾ص㡣
ֻǾ˺·ְסԷС׼ѶˮʱҹȴĪеЩŹ֡
˵ǿĿ׽ʲôԾ֭͹ʲô棬ָ档
ʲôˮɣҪҪһ¡
һԼĸоɣôƯҪҰգѹסеĺ棬а֮֡
۾ҵ۾
ֵļ˴Ƭʳħ޶ĴӴܡ


191 ֻܰ㵽
˿оԴģ۾ϷڣŻЩӵζĿ󣬲ԺĻعʶ
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ﻹϵ߶߶ʲôÿ¡ȻԽƯԽ¡¡Ժ󶼲̸ˡͬԵҲǡȵĴʡ
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˿վҹǰʵҲ࣬һ㶼ûĳأǿЦݵ϶¶Сѡ
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źȦ̧ͷ˶Էһۣҹĵײһ󰧺һοԼȻĶġ塱ĪľȻǸеģ
֪ϴסްҪһϴʱԼǰ
ȫˣԼ۱߸ˣѾˡ
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˿ҹ̧ͷ˶ԷıɫҲ£ƺЩŹֺ͹졣
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ˣҲˣǸѧУĲѧ͵ʦȥǻϰɡ
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ǡ
Цʲô
ûʲô
Ҫշѵİ
ţԡȡ
ôˣ
Ǹء
ߣ

Ϊ뱧һɣҲԼʡҹѡĲУһʱ߳ɭΧصɭȻۡ
ʱ·ҹѾ˺üΣרҵ״սˣս֪ΪεĴˡ
רҵ״ӻƴɵ¶ˡ
ԽǸ߲Խǻس֣ĸ綼һ
ι˰ɶﻹ֪ذ
ԼкӣҹеƤ˵
УöģҵȲӪֻ˳·ѡ
˿Ц˵ΪĹϵǵһαأŮͨɱ
ԼǮ
㡣
ɽ
Ӵһʱ˿ҲȤļһƺҲúŪģദҲۣûʲôۣѹֵѡƺЩܹˡ
ǰҲ׸ô
ոջصҡùݣŵſڣǿαһƵ˹ۿҪˣҹܵһߵ
ŮڶҲбųˡ
ߵĿҲһ㶼Ϊ⣬ϵĳ
ϰ壬ɻˣ㲻ûװ
ʲôûŶҲ۵ҲëǸײѣëôأ϶ҪֱͻѧУģʱСආ
ҹ˿һۣӶôټˡ
ʱɵЦŵĿǷҹߵ˿ףôλϰأ漴ǰڳһʿı˵
֪λǣ
ı飬ҹȴͻȻһ˿Ȥζ˵
ҿһֱܴ¶ģصظҵһ飬ʱ䣬ͽӴˣúðա
˵껹صĿļһҿı飬ÿ綼ɸжеѪˡ
ϴһ˿Ц⣬ҹ㿪ʼ׼Լó׸ۿڵɨơ


192 
ڶҹӷһ¥òٴοʱǶԺصĺȦҲҹеһ˿㡣
ţڣԼһ˱ء
˿ûһŵͣ˲Եߣԣ򰵵ء
ҹôִ磬һ㶼
ҧһڷ˿ȷҹˣһƺе㲻ķʦۡ
סڣԻȵļһҪŸж֮ġ
˿ڻãһҹһ뱬ըĸоңѾָ˻Ÿɶ
ʺ٣ˡ
ſһ֣Ҳæ˿ȥ
ڷʦүùݣԱߵ˵Ҳ࿴ۣȴûԵ̫ȡ
ɭȻۣóҲְҵ״ƵĽ߼ȦӣʦֵƵԶɵµǰС
ҹĿ磬ưʲôħһ˿ڵǣܴ󣬰ڳһʦӵ̬
ʺٵı֣ҹҲǽΪ⣬֮ǰһѣҲԹԣĴͣһƿҩ˦˹ȥ
ȱżãȵڵ۷˵
æҵĽӹҩûʲôҩȱʾ˸лҩƿûбʶҲЩϲɫеϴҩȴƺһЩ
ϴҩŶƷʵľǣѪûѣе㶪
ܴͷϵҹͶһνӣÿ㶼ϵҩˣ
ʵǹǿˣԼҵ׶ԣƷʵϴҩȫûǹģأȻѡǵġ
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漴ǽҩСķŽϰ͵Ŀռ˵
ϰ壬׼
ȥʦᷢ񣬶ҲȥӶᷢ㡣
ǵɨӣһһǧȵĻֽҹоԼѾȫܹתˣǰǿҪĽھԼñܶȥ
Ȼϲ֪ΪξǴ治סңʦҩ淢Ҳˡ

ҹڵʣǵ൱ḻ㹻רҵϵǶռˣҹ˵ۣģȻǸҩ
ҩԴʲôĿ϶ǲỻȥģҪԼǱɳƷ󣬶ʩԼϣҲǿ϶Լš
ϴοռռһЩսƷʲôģԻһЩ
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лŪһµħħħʸ
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ҹԺתһ£ԼʱܴҲѾɭȻ۵ķʦš
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ϣҩᡢħȵȶڷʦ£Ϊʦְ̫࣬ȴȫôֹ¡
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ֱʱҹķһ±ԵĹ򣬱Ϊܼ򵥵Ĳôô鷳
ðʦ᲻ǺųΪ˷зʦķԹһ㶼
ðɣʵּһκһְҵʦҵԼˣҾûҲǲ鷳ѡ
ǡʦû빫ˣ治ࡣ
ҹԹʱȴͻȻʲôָָ̧֣ϵһöָ˵
ҽָ˵ܹ㿴в
һʽŮѧͽûʲô
Եȡ
˵꣬ͳһöӡµˮʾҹָȥ
ɢɫĹԣʾһźҪһֱֹʽŮѧͽҲ¶һ˿ɫ
߼ʣµĲʡˣף졣
ŮĻѾ׼СʱҹҲɴ£Ȼֿ˿öȹԼΣֻһĽָ
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㶨˾Уôɶ
һֹţҹҲһǰ


193 
ʦӶȫԪ࣬Եúܰţ˵ЩħʾĸĻҲȫֶȼӶܹġ
оеѵˣ޷ռֻʺСڵķʦȦӡ
⿪ʼԵЩУżµˢ£ȴǲһɧҡ
ЩһֱֵĶŵķʦǣҲЩɧ
Ȼʾҩ񡣡
Ԫ׺ҩ񡣡
ҩ񡣡
ۣôˣλҩʦ𡣡

һҩĴȥ󣬶ǵǼԱҹ˻䣬ת뿪عĥԼǲѾλСŮסˡ
֪λʦĵӣҩ͵ˣȥ׽ס˻ᱻɡ
ĳλǼԱԺ룬֪ҹ֪뷨ʲô顭
ҹ׼ȥٻȡʵʱʦſڣȴǸӦһȵӿ˽
̧ͷȥǿһλ쳤ۣȥʮӴӴ˽
ȴĪô¶ȶ˼ȡ
רҵ׵Ļϵʦ
˵ɭȻۣżרҵ״гû˵λפľħרҵд඼Ϊʲô·ǣҴ඼֮ġ
û뵽һηʦᣬȻһ
ѾרҵչˣҹʱȻҲǰֻǺƳ˶Էۣ׼뿪
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ҹԷԷȴƫƫˣֻλϵʦɨһۺ󣬾ͽĿҹ˹
ϴ˰ɡ
Ȼ¶ԷҹǱֳ˶רҵ״ʦӦеò;⡣
ָϣҲϴģʦˣϴ˹̹ºʦ˼Ҳǵġ
ӣԸܺйأһ㶼ûзʦأԵúǼ꣬ץסҹֱʵ
һ˵ҹףָĹϵ
濴ѽ¾ȻıԼ۷壬ʦܾȻרҵˣӻһλʦ
Ȼǰʦܣҹ̬ҲԵò
λǰ´ʦʶ˹̹֮߱ǰ߱ҹҲڳڣǸʱ´ʦѾʦѧͽ뿪ˡ
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˷ʦ뿪ǶʦõǸô
Ƶ˵
ֻĻҹȴ˲еͷƤըˡ
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Ҫóֱʣɵ´½ֻһ˲ܰ쵽
֮ߣԪ֣֮աάƣ
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194 ɨ
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֮רҵ׷ʦĵʦĿϡ٣پӢ࣬ɸ߼ְҵʦ棬ֻΪϵѧҲ٣û͹Գˡ
֮ĻҪõרҵ״ʦָ㶼ѣһ·ƼҰʦ϶ͻˣ
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вԼϵǿ֮ǩܹƽԼԼռԼȴǲ࣬ÿһ൱߼
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һЩõĻ䣬ҹҲǴߴ׼Ǵ

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196 
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ֱףͨ׶˹ϵľܾȻɣһʱ䲻֪ôӻ
Գרҵ״У㲻Ӧù˳ҪܾҲӦҪί
ɣ׼ԷֻҪǾܾĲףԼ취ݶԷеϵĲȥȨ
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ƫƫԷһᶼԼ

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ĴԼҪָĻᣬǷ˹֮ӰʲôùŶ
߶пܣǰߵĿԴһ㣬Ͼ֮ɲɭң֮ɵ´½ǿߣ
˹֮ӰԨħҷųҲҪóȥƲǡ
ôӦԷҪͶˡ
ҹ˺ͶԷʱ䳶Ƥ׼ʱɣȴͻȻһת˵
ȻСѲԸ⣬ǾˣҲϲǿˡ
ҹ⣬ЩûӦˣ
ڷľѧԺȵȥɣʱҪ΢עһ£ЩϼһƢɲǺܺá
ɣվһȥһ˵
ʲô˵鷳㻹ǿҵģҸЧ
˵󣬱ֱ뿪˽ӴңҹҲ˶ԷĿĴ㡣
˳ʹһЩֱӹԼ鷳ԼȻúá

ԼȻͷ˹֮Ӱϲ


198 Ӧóֵ
˵ľڣҹҲûר˷ʱ˼òһ֮ôҲҪȥͼתһȦңѧУӦҲһЩƺҪ
Ҫ𣿡
뿪ӴңҹƲͷֿʼɵļһͷϵĴë˵
ҹѯʣֻҡҡͷԴҹҲûмֵ˼
Ȼȥһȫ˷ĵӣô֮ѧϰ˺ܳһʱ䣬֮˵ԼϤˣҲ϶ԼҪʲô
Ǹ˿ΪڶҪң
ѯ˰ŵҹֻͷЩĿЦúļһ֪ΪܾһԼĸо˰
ʼΪԸڼ˵Ĳ̬ͬȺԵЩŹˡ
Ҷ˲ȤƯûð
С뿪ԼҵͼؼԼܹȥ𣿡
˿ûлشҹĻֻЦӯӯ˵
ƫƫ˵ģȴҹѨ
ҪһֱȷԼĽˮƽȲԼʵ֪ʶǲܼϵģҲݿĹϵܹѸٵ֧ϵ
񵱳ͼôãӮרҵʹӲܷųǲĴС
Ȼڻ̫˿ĿʲôĿǰΪֹûж⡣
ҽȥҪħ鼮϶һ𣿡
Ȼ벻ͨԷĴ㣬ҹҲȥĥʵ
أֻ֮һͼݣλУ紦ȻҪħ鼮ǾֱӴħѧԺ߽ȥ
˿صЦЦҹоЩֵֹģһﲻǸGayɣǿԼ˰ɡ

ħѧԺУԱ֮ǣҪ̫ˣֻܿǵӰ
֪Ƿʦ̫ˣ˵լʵҸоˡ
Ҳٵĺô밬뿪ҹ˿ħѧԺˣᴩУҲû˿Ӻ鷳
ܿһϽ
ĽݣȫԶʯɣҲһյԲͤһͨħѧԺУĳȣͨһģ飬϶ɵĴͿн֮ϡ
֮ͼݣҲɵ´½Ϊḻĵط
Ҫͼݣʧ;ϣĹ˵ȴԶԶ޷֮ͬȡ
ǳ˸ػͼݣҹ͸еѪҺķڡ
Եһ£ȥȥ⣬ġ
ҹգգ۾ڳһOKƣ˿ǳŽݵķȥƺ׼ͼʲôһ
Է뿪ҹĪЩ̾Ϣֱһϣ˷Ѱ
ֻǾҹȴԷ΢ЩʱһϤķŭȴǴԱߴ˹
ˣɯ㣬ˣܿɶġ
ΪһͻȻԼеӰ֣ҹҲȥ
漴ǿ˵ҩǸе˼Ů˿
ŶѽŶѽ˵˭أԭƽشð
ҹЦ⣬־ͱ˶ԷһΪԼһֻܴѶԷĳνӡ֡ˡá˰ɡ
һҩ츳ܹȴǲ֡
ҹ뿪֮ʱϿըһ󣬴嵱еɵλ
ըı˿ȴҲȫ˫ʵˣըëҪȥ˺ҧһһֻŭСʨһ
һֻϸ۵ƣȴǴһ̽ס궯ı˿ƺ첻µزµŮڱ˫ְסȴƽֻǱԹƵ˵
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ֱʱҹע⵽Ǵڼ仭УԼ˾޴ӰϤӰ
ҩ滣ɯ
ҹϵһμˣǿż仭棡
Է˲䣬оͳ˼仭Լѹ֣ͬʱӿһ޷̵ŭ𣬸ΪʲôȻĻ»
Ϊ֮
µԷΪֻڿĻУȴȻҹƽ
ףʶ𣿡
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ҹ硫˼ΪҪô䵭Ѿ˿˵Ŷ㾹ȻΪҩʦǹϲ
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ҹһƤʲôڰ
ò˵һУΪҺðɣȻҪˣ
˲ϵļƤҹЦһ
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ţģ֮ǰǿϵ¼Һ͸׵ıȲģʵһֱעأҹѾΪΰҩʦϵ¼Ѿˣôǡ
ԽԷ˵ҹԽһĸоǰɣԭ˾Ǳһһƭֲ״
ʱҹȴĪҶǶȵЦݡ
ֿ̬һҹȴ־ЩԾ
ɯ㣬ǰɣȻֹϵ
ҹʱ򣬱˿ȴǸеһСɯҲǰڳһ飬ڳһʱʱ͵ҹӡ
ȡӦ֪㸸׵ɣҲӦ֪Ҹ׵ɡ
ҹһ̧ͷЩŹֺ͹˵
ҸƭңҲŻôģʵҵĻģϣҲԹԡ
ɯڳһӣЩ˵飬̰ͼٻȫչʾ˳ƺֻҪ˴ȣ㸸˶ν
ǿϵ¼λأ
һޣҪ۸˼ңȴΪصߣһֱ
ôġ
ҹԽĹ
һҹ顫
ƺ뵽ʲôֲĻ䣬ɯﶼǼ϶ϵġ
ֻҪĻȴӦöԼԲ档
˵ʲô飬ʲôʱʲôص㣬ڲԱߡ
ءѵ㲻𣿡
ɯûش𣬶ǰڳһĵӣһԵı˿ҲǲޣƺҪ˵ʲôһ
ҹȴʼϺƺǰʲôһ
ڿʼĪһԼѹֵʱҹΪΪ仭еľģͷ˻ɻ˸ǶȺȴǷֲ
ǲΪ仭ľѹ֣һֺжֵıѹ֣
£
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̫ˣε̫ˣԼݿļ¼ôãҲֻǿ⣬ʲôһĨڣ
Էֻ¶һֻпϵ¼Ҷү¶һϸɲ
ɳ³Ķˣȴɳ³Ȼûɱйߣеɳ³Լʱ̬ȣΪʲôӶԼ̬ȣ
ΪԼ֪ж٣֪ԼǷɳ³˽⵽ʲôˣ
Ǻֲܸѻ˵Ҫ˵ԲԲ˵Ļԡ
һ̰ͼŮ˵󣬼ֱΡ
ǳһ˿׽ԼǱƵԤҲᱻ
ʲôˣֵʲô
ǰҹֻҩ滣Ǽ仭һԼľӣڣǻڳŮˣҹȴƺо˶ԷʲôԶһ㡣
һھܹԼȥ
ҹϺ룬ͷҲ亹֮ǰڳ״ɯȴͻȻͣƺЩġ
ᣬɵСôһ㶼ˣһ㶼ûǰɰˡ
˵ǽĵҹۣƺһʱ仯֮ȫ֮ǰַ񣬶ҾȻû˿ĲȻ
ǳˮδʧȴѾ¶һԴ̬Цݡ
ң㵽ںʲôǰǺҵôѵһԵɡ
ֲ̬Цݣҹһ˲ͷƤըˣһɼΣյϢϴ̼ԼĴԡ
ʲô뷨ȫѹȥֻҪԶ㣡
ˣ
֮ɵµǿߣ
ʼԼ֮ԼܶԶԷЩʲôڣȴҪ˰
ԷΣգ
ҪЩʲô
Լ
ҹǲϾ࣬ΪԼݵΣϢǺƱذ׶ҪһΣо
ûлشԷĻҹͷͳͼȥ
ȻܵԼһƽĵȴȻһֵС
ˣȫˣ
仭еҩ滣ô˵ʵһֱ
ôŪһĵϸ֮ǰҪԶ㡣
ҹ뿪ıӰɯЦȴкâһš
ȻѾܹأһеСһ


199 ֱ
ʯɵݣҹоԼ໹ڳƵ˵ľ񶼱Ľģʱ׼ƴ
˿ǣڵִԲͤʱ򣬶ԷȻûʲô۽¸ӵɨһۣȴǼŮ뿪ıӰ
վԪ֮ͳĵ̰ⶫʲôħֶҪݷ
ȻŮαװĽƻ̶ȣ϶бķȵԼλߺȴһҪָǣŮ˵ͱ
ڵ֪ý붼õŮ˺ܿ˹̹ߵ֡
ǲ֪ʲôֶΣԡɯȡ֮ԭɯ򡱾ô¡

ιιûһ˰ôＱСıɷ繥Ŷ
ҹЩʧʱ򣬶ȴǴϤͬʱϴһϸĸ첲ֻ˿ҡҡϼŵһž忨Ƭ˵
˿ƺǷҹıЩԾЩɻʵ
ôˣôɫô԰һ˹ӡ
İһһۣҹ˿
ȼ£ˣ˵ˣ˵ﺮףӣӦǳɹ˿
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лˡ

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˳ȣǺΰſں󣬱һⲨɨҹֱӴ͸ſڵĽ磬ͼڡ
ռ죿
ո̤ͼݣѾʱЩҹʱ͸е˲֮ͬ
ͼڲĿռ䣬Ȼ濴ȥҪö࣡ħѧԺߵУһСˣ
Ȼǽ˿ռ죬ֱʣҲֻλԪֿ֮԰쵽
ոսȽӣݿϵĽܣרѧ۵ĵطö˶ָ࣬Թ۵㡣
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ʦĵλյԼʵӶ
ǸŭϳͻƵļһҲ̫嶯˵Ȼѡﶯ֣ȻֵĻ϶ǲ׵ģ㶯ܸɾӮУȴӶ򲻹ֱѡ
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ֻɨһģͣʮĿĵǿ֮²Ʒ֮ͫҹ׿͸ģ͵Ч
ǹϵλħ֮
ǲ˺Է

ǸյļһĸĶԪڸ˾βһļһİɡ
ԷĸĶأҲܸҹǰͺͰ·࣬Ǹа³ļһ
Ϊֱҹֱ˵˳֮ǰҩ滾ͺѹ֣ڵڷһ»ˣҹҲڲĵ״̬Ȼȥߵ뷨
ֱӲ𴩵ĻҲʩϵĶ£漴ǽǰķģɢͷƽĿҹһ۵˵
ۻûϵ˵
һ˵ţԷһ´ҹΪ鲻ѣϢе㲻ȣҹҲûп
ҲΪˣҹǵʵͿȥ᲻òһͷᷨʦֻǼ򵥵˵˾䡣
׼вĺ仰˻ȥ
ͬʱ
ȻܿԼĸĶе
Ȼͷû꣬˱Ǳһƺǽϣ춼۲֡
ɶ񰡣Ҿ۾ˣȻ˵ۻˡ
ҹһֹţһҲ˶սǸܷŭһǸҪػߣһסˡ
һ߽ļһֿҹһƽ˵
³ɭҺǺѣԽҹ塣
ҹո˵꣬³ֹͣˡ
ҹҪģǸֵĽڶѡ


200 ̽
ҹµˣòǴֿ񣬲ʵȴĺܴ󣬴žͶʮӡ
Ȼҹڵġ塱˵ȴѾˡ
ҲΪˣҹһ䡰ҹҭһȴǰ˵
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أþûԹĲˣֻζģУΪɶһҵǲ£˻鷳ġ
ҹһ߳һߵĳȥһ߲Ϊ˵Ŀƿ϶ʱǳˡ
Լ˵ˣһŶνλħļӳ־ҲԼæ
ģĪĶԸǣǱĴģ˵ɭҵŲѧУĻͳˡ
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ҹЩζλʱһϤҰؽȴע⣬ȥֻԭѧԺſڵȴԼĿܴ󣬴ʱһȺѧװΧסˡ
˫ֹΧסô򵥣֫ͻ
֮ѧУôʽ񣬶һЩഺ궯оʢѧͻǾģֻҪУĿӾС
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ǸļһˣӦô죿
ȵҹ󣬾͸еЩˡ
ߣϽү
֮Ϊǰµطư𣿡
ɵĺӵﶼУ

Ϊǰ³ߵ鷳û뵽ȻԼϵģҶɣеϵˣϲľȻһЩӵܹ
ʵһ㣬˼ұգѹȵһǿҪ
ЩԱ̸ЦĻǾ֪ˡ
֮ѧԺЩ໤һЩļҳԽѧУȴ඼ڳȫǵùݱôˡ
ѧǣ඼Ǹ߼̴ӵһְҵӣֻһǵģЩǣȴ඼ǵʵ
ܹĻѧԺ˵ÿһľʵڿϵ¼֮ϣ
ų̵ǿĻڵɭ֮ϣ
ҲԼ֮ɵ´½Ӱ֮

ĪǼţԼƨ°Լ˵ģ֮ǵĹƨ첻


201 ɣҲǰ
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ŵ˵Ϣܴŷϣ¶һŵӣļҹǰ໽
ϵñŵ˺ܾõצŵ棬ʱʱԼؿڣȻίָȺΧѧǣòҡ
١ˡ
Сӿˡ

ΧſǵȺѧԱֻСƻıܾٶȴҲǰ֮˾ˣ϶ɴһ˿Ϸʡ
ǰȺһҹҲ΢һ˿㱣û澭ѧžͺ͵ԼոӲࡣ
ԼᣬǱԼ뵺ԨԴȻ¾ܱʹԼ鷳Ҳ涺
ӣԼʼɣҪԼĻλԸӦûǱȽϹŹֵģֵӵĹϵԼĹϵֻﲻ˵ӡ
ҿ˭ⲻǰ³ѹһôſԭǺɭйأ˼ɭ峤
ҹİ³ȻҲѾȺ˸֣ʵɭȻʵɵ´½ŲǰУΪϵĹϵ̣ƸǺܸߵġ
ϲᶼӣϵ¼ҺżģԼ̾ëˡ
ϿɹϿɣҪȺ첻µزµĶãȻû䵽̶ȵɭҰ첻ģ̸ɭĲƸҲһ൱ۺķ⡣
ǰ⾹Ȼһˣ
ȡ
ԷȫǽԼ׸עûŶٺҹҲɿһ¡
١˵ʲôѵΪԺ൱ڱԺĴˣЦ
ߣոұĿŵˣ̸̸⳥ɡ
ҹעǱȽϳɹģֻǶԷ̬ȴզΣɣҵˣûһս԰ԼȽοǡ
ֱǿ׳ӣơ
ȽǮ
ǸҼܱŵˣô̸̸⳥ɡ
ҹĻּɢǿߵϢЩԹӵܵѧȴ¶˼ı飬ȻʵǶȲУ⣬Ը֮ĳԱȴ˵һҪԼ
Ա߱ڲԶƨЩ߼ְҵ׻ǹϢȴҲǻӵЦһ¡
දżҡŲӣ󣬸ԶĿ˹

Ǹ⳥ҾԼŶǲػҾ൱Ĭ˹
ڰ³һ±ƺͿܴ󵭶Թϵע£ҹǰһƬز鴤ļһߣаСצӰʼ
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³Ķͷɳһ˿죬СѻǱȽϣر𰡡
ңʵܿ£
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ס֣ǺˣȻɥĲ񣡡
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һ۷ķʦ
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ǰ֮˵Ķ֮ҹȴѾˡ
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ţԼ⣬һĽʦ
ȻͨʦʱǿߣĻͱҪһЩԼصַ֪ԷǲҲɽڵǡ
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ԼѾԷĽˡ
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Ϊͼ밲³ԸǷʦɭҹ¹ѵҲɣ
Ȼҹûϸѯʰ³ԭ򣬵Ȼȥˣ϶㹻ˣҪİŪߣΪλʦһ㶼֪顣
ԷɣҲ϶һĹȱɣȳסְҵеսԸԼҲ֮ˡ
һ˹ϵȴһ൱ԲļһȻһûֳԼȳ˾͹ˡ
Ҳѹɣ߶ѡΪ̫Ӧˡ

ˬʵЦݴҹǼǰÿһѧͷʾУʱȴǱġ

⵽ʲôһﰡ
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203 ȥս
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204 ף
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ҼүǼװΪȤ֪ҹүܲʹ۸ǡ


205 
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治˼ŶֻֻǶ飬Լأвʱ´һ˩á
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ʵ֮ǰõϢȫԤıĽɭҵĴͶԷľ裬ûѰƶҲǺɡ
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ˣ·ɣһﲻæҲô׷ģŮ˻ȥҪúýһˡ
νĻ˻֣ҹǰڳһӡ
εҡҡͷ󣬱ǣŮѵǰ·ȥһֱֵḻ́ܿŮˣҲ֪Ǳҹŵˣʶ˴
ʵʵһԵĸ˺棬һίСϱǸŮѣҲæȥ
˵ĸ黹ĲģҲûзѵŮˡ

ĺ֣ԽΧһͼֱ֣ߵ뿪ѾһƬɳ̲
ǸŵѣǿһѰˮ±ĸ߻ر񣬽ƭġ
ˣ㿴Ƿĺۼ̫ǿˣɾͱǵˮݷˡ
ָָһƴ򶷵ĺۼ˵
ҹǴص㣬ֿ˿йâŨӣҲɸеһ˿Ź֣ƺԷȫû뿪ƬطӰ
ֻ
ǰٹճһģͣ͵һǰߵĵطһƬհ׵ĿУȴͻȻһ𵴵Ĳơ
ǽ磡
ҹ̽ʱ򣬲ԶһܶС
һĶһλŮȰ˵ʲôȫӰȴͻȻվ
ôˣ
ԱһλɤѾ˵ˣֻϢһλӣɳƵʵ
˴ҵĽ磬֮иˡ
վĺ룬гһ˿ء
ɳƵĺսʿһŭͲ˵
ߣʲô˼ҪĬ𣿡
¼ͬСɣ漰δʥŮλԪ֪֮ˣÿҪҪ֣
˭ôӹ
ǸĹϵʦǸȻǿס


207 Ӱˮ
صĻðֽ˼
鿪˶ԷĽ磬˳ŸӦϢߣҹҲΪеЩ⡣
Ϊʦҹڸֽ羭ôϲ䣬ѾǴ൱ߵλˡ
ݿ⣬BUGġ
ܹǿ˽Ȩܿһˡ
ǰӰء๦ܺһĽϣҹȴһЩĲ
һȫбĶؾһ󺣵ĹУںߵʱŴࡣ
Ǻ츳Ѫ𣬹Ȼⷽ涼ŵư
һֻ깷ͷ˾кüˣʵȫѹͷ˵ĺ壬ȻСơ
߰ɣ尡ȥΣյġ
ǸʵһŮˣԼѾȻҲźȥֳ˳·طѾˣ˼ҶûԼ˽ȥŸŶΣհ
ǶǾҪеӦΡ
Ǹû˿ԥĻش
ȷҹ߿һһۣϧ̯һŮѡ
߰ɣԱְ߰š
ƵĻ˻֣ҹƵ˵
²ùǣ֮Ҳ̫
ĻشĪЩҹЦ治Ͳץˡ
ˡ
Ϊλļ֣ŮҲӲͷƤ˽ȻզΣѵĹϵǺҪãԱλŮͬҲͬˡ
籾ʹԤЧǵĲ֮Զⲻż·Ϳһܶǳᱻ͵֡
ڵĶڣ˻Ĵ򣬷ɭ
աա
ŲӺڰ߳һɫƤͷϻһ鱴ǵӰ
˸Ӹߴ󣬷ɫͬ⣬˵ơ
࣬ﲻܹ̤ĵط뿪
ĻɬֿڵӲı飬۶Įӡ
ǰϰʲôʱǺĵ̻𣿡
ҹԶԷľ棬Ҳȫ˹ȥ
ĵ̣Ǹ˲øɵ¾Ȼֱ׳
ߣǵ̸Щɡ
Էλ¶һ˿ŭɫƺԼܵʲôһ㣬ƺԼͱҪӡ
ôԪִ֮ˣҾͲҶ˵һ֣˶Ǻ廹ΪСɫǺһλߣ
ԷţװķҹûйŶԷ˼
Ǻսʿ̾˶ֵķŭֻԼ縺ֵȷԼĵ̣ǿ
һûı֮ǰϽ漰ʥŮİΣҳɱҲ¡
ʥŮûǴĻץߵˣǻʵడ
ҹĶ࣬ʱҲ»һ˵ţһͳһöӰˮݳ޵
רΪڵ״ڳģϹˡ
ǿƣɵˡ
ǿƵĲĵ𣿣
ԷȻݳ޵ͳӰˮȫһбӡ
սʿ治Ҵ⡣
಻뺣ìܣֺγìܣ㹻ĽںͻʥλһεĿҲûУ
˭¼ҵò
һӰˮλսʿ֪Ⱥ˳ˣֱһ߿ڣһ߾ֳ̧ҹеˮץ
ģģַФȨġ
ԷֱӶ֣ҹһһĻӦһ׵ıܹ˶ԷĹ
ף
ոձܿԷһץҹ͸оԼܵĿһճԼˮһٻ
Ǻеܣ
սʿλ㣬ӦҲְҵǣǺǿҹǰͲˡ
ϺһЩ츳ԣȴȷмֱ£
ҹûκμӳֵ£ҲǶѣֻΪʮ츳ģٿߵĿ£һ˿һ˷ѣӶ³Խǡ
ѪBuffȵֶμŻȥӲרҵڽԸһŵģҪЩ̫ʧˣ棬ɻһݽɫ
ŶԷԼԼܲպߵˮγһˮݳΣһеĺսʿЦֹ
ҹҲֱѡ˶ԸգңҲ㣡
ֻǻսʿӰͻȻ˳Ӷϣʮһ㣬ֱӽһӡ
ǺֵĶ쵽һ룬ֱһͷԵڵء
ѽҪ˴ֲ˼ġ
ԭˮֻһ񣬴ӲԶһ麣ҵӰҹŵصĺսʿЦе˵
ѧʹļУͦõġ
ԱߵļΧ۳ԹȺڣʱȫɣȻֱӾʹˣ
ңԸͬӦǸ߼ĺ壬ȻռƣѾˣֱӷ²˶Է
Ӱĸ棡ſңֻ͵ϮĻ쵰
ڵϵĺսʿȻŭĿڽ
ΪԼʵȲԷȫǶԷ͵Ϯ
Ҳͷոյ˭͵Ϯɶ¼ˣ͵Ϯ󻹷ҧҪԿǼҳ᲻Ϊͷɡ
תϵӰˮҹ˹
Ǻսʿɫ΢䣬ȴ治ҿڽˣԷӦԼʱ򣬾ȻӰ
ʵԼҪ͵ģ
Ǳ޴ԽԽǿְҵʱڣԼۺĵûУ
оӢ콾ǣȺͬռƲŶԣ
һ


208 ɽ
ڣǲܺú̸һ̸ˣ
صĺǰͷҹ̵˵
ûʲô̸ģ¹ʥŮǾЭ
Ǻ壬Ҷ˵ͷߣࡣ
ҹƽ˵Ŷ˲ƭԼ˵ԼǺѪͳǿ϶ǡ
ȻҹĻǼһĬ
ԼԸ⣬ܹȰ˵ɹĻǿ϶ҲᷴԣĪץˣȻͿ۸ñӰ˴ߣԺǲʥλܴ߰ţ
ߣȻʥŮ˵Ըʲôˣƾʲô֣
սʿ֪طȥԷȫ¼ˣ»鷳ȷСת˻⡣
˵ѣ¹شҲû취
˵ˣǣ׼ºֹĴɱ뱨ɣʥŮۣ
ɵ
ҹû˿ѹ˵ð⺣սʿڵ˶һĪڶҡı顣
ģ׽ǹ¶ĸиҵģҺ죬ѾŮˡ
ҹû˿˵
ֱӽ⺣սʿ׼õĻȫҭ˻ȥĪ˼Ҷ˵˰
ʲô˵ûʸְ
ʱһҲǴӶڴ
ǿߣҪʲô˵ʲô
һ߷һһӰŷȴ˳ȴλҲ̲סˡ
ڶԷûǰڿʼǺսʿʱҹ󲿷ֵľҲǷڶһϣ
󣬸ֱ۾˶Է˿ɣ
ǲǸˣ
Ȼȥǽ־ͱԼȥֵط磬ܹӦ֮ĵʦǣźߵصļӳɣԷҲǻʵרҵ״У
ȷ֮ӵдרҵ׵ʦ£Ӧæôܻ᲻ܹסˣ
ȻΪרҵ״ѾǾصĵλһ£϶ҲǾ¶棬ǺսʿӦԡ
ͬְҵսʿʵרҵ֮Ӧûеֲǡ
û뵽ŶãֱӷˣòԳ
ҵȻ˵ʲôпǹһŮ뻵ĸ׸𣿡
ҹҧ˫ݣԷͻƿڡ
ȻΪʵȫƿȫֵĺ룬ᱻ뵽ߵĽ֮ڣûлӦҹĻֻ̾˿˵
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˵꣬һˮɵֱۣ㳯ҹϵץȥ
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ž
ˮɵֱֱӱ飬ˮν䣬ҹջֵĶ
ڶŶŶⶫȥڵɱǣǺҲûʲô˵ɡ
ĮĿ𾪵ĺ룬ҹĿ˵
ȻûȫҪֻǿѹȣרҵ㹻ӰѹְҵӦǣ
ѹ£ԷȻֻܳԼˮ֣֮
ʵ˵ˣѹһ־Ƶɱ䣬һʵʻְҵףǰֲεĶ콾ǿѹȸС
ɶڶרҵӲչӮ˵ҹ˵ʵӰ൱ˡ
ֻԼ޷ɢѹˡ
𾪹𾪣ҹĻȻ
࣬ȷ츳Ҳʵ
˵ƺܶĺ棬ҲͻȻӿһӡ
òΪѾӵкҶԻʱҿʵ˰ɣ
˵꣬һ˱ѾײܶԵӱߣ˻
¼ˣ¼ˡ
ҹѹûлӦԷ˼һ߰ĵһλӰʦ
Ǻ룬һһȭڿеܸС
һְҵ׵㣬ƫƫϵ֮ìԼԼû취ܣ
Ҫжġ
¼ΣֻҪϣͺ壡
вҹԼӰˮ
û취ĽˣҲʱ֪һλļŮĸŭˡ
Ż棬һײӱǡɽʱѡʱϡ
һԷѾ˹Լòжֱӡ
㶨չ
ڳһOKƣҹ㽫Ӱˮ˿ռѹûнԷ˼
ֻдʬˡ
ûӰˮǺ˵ӵ޼ɵ
һ׼һð仰Ҳ¼ˣպպá
ҹֲ֪ͳһö˻κ˿ռǺһֳĸо
ԼɹֲңĨɱŰϲˣ
Ѿȫŭĺ룬һ˴γɣ˱˻еڿնվڰиҹ
Ƭǵ
ǰϣҲǺս
ߣǿ߲ǰֱӸɵ㣡
ŵ׵Ĺ̻Уɺˮɵľ޴㣬ҹǼ˵λֱ˶ȥŮļС
Ƕ׼Źһڣ


209 
Уƻ鷳
Ƿĺˮ֮裬ҹƺǸе鷳
һ߷һ߲պˮڵִǰʱѾһ㡣
ǰĴС϶㲻ϣ˺ĺˮѹƣƽ棡
ǡ
Ƿľ裬ҹ̧ǡ̧֮ʱǾӭ̣֮ɵ˾ļͷ֮ϡ
Ǻרҵףûְҵ׵
һ̣еľ裬ȴԱ֮Ϊģڲʧɢһ֮Ȧ
޴壬ֻʣطźˮƤмȫʧ
ı֮󣬾ȻϯĽҲȫ
ˮϣγ豩꣡
Ȼֳֶĺ룬µı꣬ŵϽŲûƶһ£һֶֻڿڴӰ޷ţ
ԼľԼԼ츳ʽȻ˼򵥵ıƽˣ
ԾӣѵոǴιģ
ҹ˦˦е㷢۵ָ˵
˵ʵǺֵĺˮ׺ոǴιֱһǴ͸ӳ̶Ȼְҵ׵һνλģͣ˴ֲڵļܣƽбҪ˴С̫Լ츳ˡ
ҹĻʾĲΪļܣȴֱӱ
ʵһרҵ״ʦҲ൱ǿĹֻǿϧҹ۾BUGķֲִں޼ļܣƽĲҪ̫򵥣
ʵ±רҵʦƽˣλ붼̫ԾϾִרҵ׺󣬾ѾܹŸֶǿͬ࿹ˡ
ȫ޷ܵǣƽԼģֻһλְҵף
ֳʵ̫
˵ǱӰӵĺսʿԭǴñ飬ʱҲǱմ࣬Լ۾
Ŀļλ֮ѧ۾Ҳһ±ơ
ոգǷʲô
ôļӴҲƷһħˡ
ҹ̧ҧװĽڵ㣬γյǼܣͬǴˮԪطƵĳڼᡣ
ȥ֮ǰԷֶһޣ˵һģһȫ츳ؼһֶ˳
ţλͷֲԾˣΪѾ͵㣬ˮԪصʱ;ȻһֱǹǼܹɵĿڣ
;Ȼû˿仯
ⲻܣ
ǰĳλ룬ȫ޷ţȫ޷Լú壬󺣵ĳȻˮԪصĲٿϣһ࣡
ֱǴӸ϶˷񶨣
ˮԪصĲٿأұȲǣãȴ̫ˣ˺ҧɣ
裬ÿһԷʼԪ֮󣬱ҹĻ֣ƿһɡ״ˣʺϳǺϵĺ˺ҧȥ
ȫ˶Էܿռ䣡
߶ŨħԪأ˵רҵ׵ĺ壬ƽµĽµģ
⣬ٶȻڶԷ֮ǰ֮ϣ
Ǵ󺣵ĳ½ϵںϻң
űŭĺͷϵıų˴۵⡣
ŵ֮µĺˣȴͻȻ˰˽ȥγһԲεĺˮ塣
߶Ũ㣬ɱȥ󣬾Ȼֻ˴Ƭ˻ûȫҧ飡
岻ˮϵǿˮϵĹҲӵӦ֣
Ԫعһɵ֣ƾ㣬ҲˮϵϻңֱΣ
ķŭ𵴵Ĵ˵ŭ𣬴ԴϢһУǱôɡ
ʲôʱ˵ҪˮϵħŶ
ҹ˫ֿٵĽ湴գһ̣еĹǼëȴǽʼɱԷķѸˮƴϳһء
ԷȫУ
˷ݹĿڲĺ룬ڳ˺Ȼ
ʼγ磬޴󵫻ֵܵڣȻںһ׸Ͻ磬ǴϻǼϣԼȫѹ
ֵס
Լ
ôܣԷôܻһְҵף
ԼȻһְҵ׵Уݿ־кȫ˺λġ
ȣ˵Ҫڸɵ㣬ƾ¼µĶǼҳ᲻鷳
ҹϵӰˮЦ˵
ֻЦݣǺȴǻ䡭


210 
²ˣ
ְҵ׷²ˣ
ǹ˷ӡ·屻ӵĺ룬ãȻƺڶʵ
ʵƾҹµӰ񣬾Ĵ嶼Ĳ˵ʲô
ܵ˵ĵߣˣɱڣרҵױְҵ׵ĵ
ԲۣĪ̫˰¼ˣ
ʵѹȡһζˣ˼ֻ⻼ȶѣʵں֮ϵģ˵ʲô
վĸɵìҲ̫ˣëܵķɻһ˵պ㳶Ƥëֶܻαȥ
ֻǵ˷棬ҹ̫࣬ˣһֱ漰֮Ĺϵһ¡
ȻùãҲڰԼŮԣԼѵŮȥ
ǰǱˮ棬ۿԼŮŶԷزãҹǻͷǼûߵѧ˵
ץ˰ɣ˲š
ѧǰŰ
Դ˵
ʼʱ򶼻̸ЦԷרҵ׵Ĵжߣˣû취ƽȶԴˡ
ҹԺٴλͷһ¶ԷţƯȻȲţò˵ܽǰˣŮصഺϢ
ǡ
زô󡭡
˵˵ǲˣûжԱȾû˺
ΪԽǰǳ˵Ĺϵҹ˵ƯСŮôð
ֵһǸˮݣƴһšɭ⧲Ҳֱӵ˵ϡ
ʪġ
ţãѣι
涼ˣɵ
ĹĵĴŮٴεҹһۺƺЩҧгݵ˵
ҹΣιι¼ȨģҪôкòãȻԼڵ࣬䣬òҲ
ߣýˣҷֵصģɵ
ȫѪ·裬ɺżԼԱߵıŵһǳʣͷҹһۡ
ò˵ȻмСĽͬѧǺֵܷصģ֪ԼǣһʲôʥŮ¡
ʥŮɵĻΪλɵ㹻ĽɣǺҲ˰ŴʱǱġ
ԷԸ⣬ȻˣҹǸоΡ
λڶ˵ŮشޡʵҲ
ֻҹһŵΣŲ׽֮󣬱Щ߷ƵȴǷתתںڵ飬ЦеĶҹ˵
ǻȥɣȻҪˡ
˵ŻֱӴҹǰصذ˹ЦӯӯЦݡ
Ŷ³ഺϢҹҲе㿸ס
ȻģôСԸϾһ˿εӰˡ
ȡ˵ҲˣҲصعģûµĻ۾߰ɡ
Զ˵ҹɿһ
ȴͷ˳ȥҲ¶ЦеЦݣһ¹ؽںͱıĸ˳ȥ
ָɵĸоãɵʵҲĿס
⼸λѧʱĶһۺȴҲȫʲô״ĸȥ
˼ºλƭŮҲŤŤŵԱߣЩ͵˵
ţԲҰѡ
ˣұץסʱ֪ˣûʲôģʵ㲻ԼҲ취ģ⣬ҶҲûʲôȤŶ
νĻ˻ֵԴ˱ʾ⣬Ȼ˫ĹϵָܻܲǾ˵ˣζһҡ
²ǰҹ˺ĻҲȷкĸд
֮
Ľѧ񣬷ֻУȷһܿɹˣȻ޷˵ȫѧµۣЩһõöడ
ȻҲһЩ幷ʺ
ҹ壬뵽˵ֵĽⷶΧ󣬿ҹŵʲôʦˡ
ү㣬Ȼץ壬㲻װ㡣
漴ҲʲôﲻˣϾϵѧԺ档
⽻С£
ôӶΪ
֪ǴɣǶѾܾˣҹǸո뿪뿪ֻص֮ǣһ׵ӰǴ
ʥϢɣ
ҹסλ壬ɣҲ¶һ˿ɫ
û뵽徹Ȼôд뵽֮ķΧһרҵ׶ɹСǺǿְҵܹͬʱ㶨塣
Լɶġ
ţΪҹӡλ벢ûɢרҵ׵Ϣ
ιιҹСѣ̯ϴˣڣɲ㽫ｻҾܽⰡ
壬ֿ˿ȳţɣһرʹ˵
ǵˣȥȻŮУץߣ
ҹͶɣðȻʲôڵ¡
ȻУǰ˽˵ĸʲôҪ˴ߣΪĺƽȶǾӦߡ
ɣȻһһñӿ˹ȥ


211 
һ
ƤҪȥ򰡡
ҹ壬һȱʹıɣ۽ֱ
ֱռݵƸߵ㣬ڶ壬һΥ˾̬ȡ
ĪҹеЩϤ
ŶΪӦô죿
ҹһ۵ı鿴ŶԷ˵
ɣСûٷҲ¶һ˿ɫסˡ
ȰǸóƾȥ뵺棬Ҳְֻҵף˶ԷҲԴСӦûġ
ҹһ㶣ⲻѧԷȷõԼֻóȥõȻҲǶԶԷûɶôˡ
ɣԸ񲻷ϵġ
ҹͷͷû꣬ɣǼ˵
ƾ滹ǲģϾѾ˺壬λͬѧͺԨԴǲ׷㻹Ҫλ˵ĺͷϴȻٰͻȥ
ţǸϤζǸϤɣ
ֻҪڶ˻Ҫǵʲô£
ȥҪԲ˵㣬ְͨҵףȱѹһѹ˷ִ磬ñһۣħϵһЩȷǿܾ˶Էĵ
ϧѾǿԹרҵеҹɣѹûжоֻʼɵ˵
ǻˣҸо̫Կˣ˳ĿôӮˣĪҪоġ
ڶԷܹԼӰ죬ɣЩС⣬ܿ˵
ģⲻ˿ĵ⣬֮֮ЩȫĮǲͬǡ
Ҳ֮ѧ⣬ɣȻѾľȫǰɱлﰡֻǰһٴѣһרҵ״еȥˣӸĿ󡣡
ûȵɣ˵꣬ҹֱӴĻһҭİκ˵
¹֮Ի䣬Ϊ˲壬Ҿ֮Ҳ³
˵꣬ϱɢŨʥԣǿĹϵӿʵ֮ǿȵλʹҪǿ
רҵڣ
ιƺһ¡
ɢǿѹǰƺΪһƬԪҹҲνЦݣʼ涢вʮɣ
νĺƽǿǲƴۣģΪάݺƽǵȷҪƲ£˶ﵽͷ˻һζã˻䱾ûκá
˵ҹԺﶼ˵Ҫ֮սҪأΪ˲忴͸ʵΪҫȻǾ˳Ұս
̤֮ؽΪֳܱ֮ΪǳɢѪȻڼġ
ܵԷͻȻһھƣȻɢԼѹɣҲɸеЩ⣬һǾ𣬿ѹǲȻû塣
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ǵĵϣǵ˱ץˣҫѵƣ
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212 
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213 ǿ
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ҹַǰƽ˵
ֵܶɰԷ࣬Լ¼ʵνһǱвȵԼ͵͵¼̸¶ȥĻ鷳ˡ
Ժ⣬ǰһЩίеĴҲᵣԼǲҲְͬѱ
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ܵϵ͸УԴɬĳ㣬ҹҲɷ˷ۡ
ҶŮ
УҽеˣװʲôװŶ裬Ƿ𡣡
Ա߸ոջؼҵţѹûʲôӴѵʱ˫ֻƲ쵽ҹòΡ
˵ʱ˵˵ˣȫ²̨
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214 
Ŷû뵽㾹ȻΣյ뷨
ЦЦĿҹһۣȵЦҹеЩס
¼Ȩ㡣
ҹըëèһߺߵ˵
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ڲʱ򰡡
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öԷǾֱ֣ȥ˵˵ķʦ
⵽Ǻηʥ


215 
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һΣͼ󣬼򵥵߿ϵķʦȴǸҹһȫͬĸд
ⲢǱ˺ѿռγɴ͵ģʽһֽŶһĿռ۵ģʽǶԹпռãû˺飬Ҳûƻ
վһջ԰ϣıĿƬ̺ҹ۾һ̾Ϣ
Ǵߣվڽ˵ĴڣɽһǵֶΣ㹻Լˡ
ռߵݣǰһ֣ȴǿܹƵһԼ޷ֱӽӴռ򣬵ͨԹġʽƵ
ﲻǺʵطȰݼ¼͹ˣǰüܡȵŪԼ˵ܸ»
۾ȥƺƺ֮УԼλãһյС԰һƺ֮ϵȣͨǺΰĸ
һֱɢһ͵Ĺâƻá
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ҹ׼˳ӦߵȥʱС԰ԭȥװԵһ޴ȴͻȻӿһŨħ
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Ѿ֪˹֮ӰǣܴͲҪǣˡ
աάƵĻҹ˿λߵȷв˹֮ӰĶֻƺڼɵʲôǿóóȻ֡
ȻλʦѾ֪⣬ȻǽˣԼС첲СʲôģȻԶԶĺá
ҩǴγ֣ŵԼˣԶźã
Ϊ˱ʾǸ⣬ҿеʱܹһЩ⣬Ҳʱͨ
աάƻҹЩϲˣֻ׼һȻһԵʳԼɻڿȻܹܶԷڵָ
ɲɵµܹģ
ǶԷԼְҵ󣬽еЯ
漴ҹл
ллաάʦԺָ̡
աάƺЦĵ˵ͷ⽲òСһӡҲֻһӣͷ˶ԷǾ䡰ָ̡ǵĿˡ


216 ߱
աάʦ
ʦǸ
ʦΪʲô
ʦҾá
ʦʡ

ʮΪʲôһľλ߰ºҹǵȵˡҪһ飬ʱڲߡĴ𸴡
Ȼֻǰµʱ䣬ҹоԼڷϵ֪ʶȴȫﵽЧ
Ŵ֪ʶĻۣŵʱһЩʧѧ˵ȫաάƴӸ߲˳һҹоԼҪˡ
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221 
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ϣһֱϵħٿչʾȵЧʲ֪ߵȥˡ
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ִʱһÿξһģ֪ʶγб߷˼׶Ρ
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ţҹҲϳˣķѷǵħѧԺſסԼ˵Ǹһ֪ԼʱǲҲϳԼ˾ǣ߶˳ۡ
ţڶ⣬Ǿοελʵϰʦɡ


222 
ʵϰʦÿʵϰʦε𣿡
ɣһʵϰʦֿΰɡ
˭֪أҲҪתѧһѧҩ֪ʶء

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223 
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224 ̫
ôصԭĻ⣬ĿĻܹһַˡ
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֮ͲķϵȦҲһְ̬ҵ׵Ĵţɣš
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ţԿνʲôһˣֻ˽ʲôźԵĽӦԣ
ƿɱҩҹýϼӦǹˡ
ǲ֪ñ֪ˣƿɱҩȻֻʵ飬Ѫʲô̶ȡ


226 
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սȻҲǿʦǿ飬ܹӶİȫϡ
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ҹ˽⵽ˣһרҵ׵滻ʮְҵѧ
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228 
ΪŷʦСȦӵĲϰȦÿ˶ǻʵʦҹҲѾоԼķϵѾȫ˳ο
ǰ㹻ҵĺܣԪֵ֮ĺ۵ʦǵĻҲѾɹɢҵ֪ʶԼĶ
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ҹʺڣ洵趯˶ֳһĻ档
ȷŮ˹ҹġŮҲ¶ζɫЦб飬˿ûǰΧ˼
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229 ƨ
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ֻǾԺЩδʱǱ뿪ҷӦٶ۵ҹҲǲ˹æ˷Ӧ
־һȭӲӲĳŹķ򷴻ȥ
ִһȭͼԺҲӦַ
̫ˡ
Ӧ̫æ
ء
ֱ̫ӡ
ֻܡ
Ȼͼ׼ֿԷȭȻһСһԼѧʱ
ͻȻ࣬ȴȫѪΣգ
ͷıܷӦʶľԭĸ񵲷ƾ뿪ԭء
ʺסΣڲ㿪

䣡
ըͻȻ䡣
ԷȭǰĿƺȫѹҺ̬
漴ǰ
涼ǿȭѹİȥʯֱԶȥ类ʲô˹ȥһ㣡
ͨϣһûӦȫɢҲ崵ĵ˳ȥ
ͼʱǰ˸ַħһڰݵĹκۡ
ʱж㿪ͼӶɳˡ
ǰɣ
ֻȭ
ҪǸոձȭͷеĻ
ιιҪɱҵİɣ


234 
ǳһһĺۼּڳһضŬ뵥֪ܵ⣬ȥеĹ
ͼоԼ󱳶ʪˡ
С֮ǰԼĺⰡ
ͼɵˣѧǷߵļһڵ໽⣬ҲȫһƬž
ոգǷʲôʲôħɡ
ǸڽȴļһŶʼð
ιܲˣ˭
ͼ˿ҷԭڵ˫ֽ°
СӣѾȫְҵ׷ˣ಻óǿȵרҵ׻Ҫǿ
ԼҲܷĹ赭д
Ѿȫ߸ۣ
ӶԷ巴ӦԻδﵽרҵףְҵҪﵽ̶ֳȣѪÿ̶ǡŴ󡱶޷ﵽ
ԼʶУΨһпܴﵽģֻд˵翵ְҵˣ
ԺˣĴ𣬼ȻˣԼͺúĥĥ
ôһҪһ£ʲôרҵ׵ļɡ
½ϣͼѾɢרҵеġѹ
ܵѧȫܵѹȶѡ
ֻ۾ҹƺܵʲôʼתԵͼķ
Ӧôٶ۰ǣҾͰɡ
бʿͳֿȭʿǼɵĲ࣬ǼĲ࣡
һҽ޼Ѱնȫﵽ˷豹滯Ϊĵزȿʼ޼̽ȭȫһԪ

ҹְڽ棬Ȼ˳ƵĽ졣
ף
һͷԵúǱĵסͼȻԵЩȣƾַӦһԼӦܹжԷǡ
ȻסˣȻ￪ʼ˫ؽͼûһһˡ
Եһת󣬱ٴηնһʱռΪ

ȻȻһθ񵲣βǽסˣɹǣ˵棬涼նһ޴Ѻۣԭܹٴηͼֱӽϵж
ס˵ǰֹ˺Ĺ
ݿ⣬ûⲿ֪׽ݣͨ巴ݸҲǿ屾ܵķʽѵЧͨ˶ԣȻҪǿ
˼ǲˡ
ٴαסڶԷķӦٶȣͼҲѪӿ
ý湥ʼ籩һĹƣýѧַ̼ԷıܷӦ
䣡

䣡
ϵľ䣬ܵѧòϺ˿ⱻನˣ
ȫְҵ׵ľӢȻ˫ֵನ޷ܣⲢħĺ
ͼѾ˿磬и˽УϵĽҹȫѹȥռ˺ľϷ硣
ڿ籩깥еҹȴһ̵ĽʯĹ٣ǻлİ취
˺ڣŹԽԽϵĳǱħʼײ
䣬衣
䳡ƻòӣۣ涼۵һ顣
Ψֻҹվ֮ĵ棬Ȼá
ܵĵرϱ½Ȼγһľ׮һĳ棡
ʹ죡ʹ죡
ѾʼóȫȫѪͼҲԽԽ˷
ϵ˵ײ˵
ѵٶȣԶȴɿˣ
ȻɱվȴΪȶͷţҲ˺á
ǡ
ȻʱҹǰѱΪϴӲרҵѺ۵ĸ߼ħȴͻȻбѶϿ
˳ֵͼӦһ˳ȱնȥ
ҹֳֶϽһᴥ󣬱ǽֱӺԾһ˵档
Сһû£ͼҲ˿
ոһ£ѾܽӽʵսеͷˣԷȻܷӦСӡ
Ҫ֪ʱ۾֪
ȫΪĻսУԼܹӦˣ
˺ˣ͵ˣˣû˼
Ҳе㷢ļͼڵ
ҹҲϵĲͬʱˡڤĻԼϵĶϽЩ
ոմǴˬˣܷӦҲ൱󣬵ԼôõıȻ˵ˣô˲
ոյõѽʱ򣬶Ǹ䣬ô͸ԼĲ
̾˿ҹҲƽ΢΢ͼǷǷ
ллͼʦĴͽ̣ǳ
ͼܼǿȣԷѾûֽѧģʽָˣ
ǿȣʵս
ûʲôҲĺˬϧûȫдһˡ
ͼɫ΢Щӣ˵
ﵽˮƽԶԷǸְҵʱۺѾԼ֮ˣη


235 ನ
ըˣֲսϰֳȫըˡ
ֳһֱͼѹҹͼûжֻһָϰ
ܹͼԿ̶ֳȣȻֳѧർ޷Լ۾
רҵְҵ֮ĲһǴ
ѧУһλרҵʦǰϲ˵һ仰
κְҵרҵǰ
ܹݣȻλʦϿβ˵仰ˣȴȻӡѧԱǵС
ڣǴ˾ƣƾǵѾܹѾȫǳְҵ׵ķ롣
ǿﲻרҵףҲڴרҵ׵ĳ̶ȣ
ѾԴ뿹ķ룡
вˣΪٹ̵˼޷ʵ
ģһͼʦָûг
ǿʼʦȭͷ涼ýˣǿֻһȭ˾ͱˡ
ֻǶԷʼ̫ţó˱ʦҲΪϰ߱ĶԿѡ
е
еʵˣ

ߵ⣬һߵҲѾʼǮˣʹƣ̣ΪĲʱ
ȻΪʼѵȻۣǼᶨŲС忪ʼծ
ֻҪͶע˵ģȫͨɱ۾Цˡ
˵׬Ǯ㲻÷ֵİ
ȫͼýҵҹʱҲǶϵСֹ
Լ϶ҪȥռȣµĺĽڵ㣬ҵϲհ
ûռ䣬ԺĽڵϵĻȡѶȣⲻԼҩܹġ
ҹ߲Ÿոձ¶һͼֹһ£ǱžƺǲʲôĿҹһۣȻѸٵĽǮ˻
ըëƻʳСʨӡ
Ǳ뷽跨ԼӣҹǴͷ

һսನǿϵЩѧڿഫ֮Էԭ̬ϯѧԺ
ѧУ˵ԵĴ쾭£ѧԺ˵εݻԵ̫˵㡣
ƫƫôѧڳĵ˵
´˶Ϊʵ紫˵ȴҲ֪ǸŮİർǸ൱ĽɫѾ˽Ϊרҵµһˡ
ǰŵǿʦеʦҲûб¶˿Ͳƺ϶һ㡣
Ҫ֪ǰÿѧУһţȻһֽġ
֮콾ľۼأѧôǿ̸ʦˡ
ÿһλְҵʤʦĴڣȻŵ㣬ĸ֮
֮ǰܹõͷģǷʦķϵְҵְҵڡ
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ͬʱҲΪҹЩ鷳
ҹʦʿѧԺְҵ׵һˡ
һķһ·սļһҹ֮ĽѧҲеЩﰡ
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ȻٺܶవֶΣȴ̫ˣרҵףԼЩȤְҵǾˣ𲻵˿
ԼҲְҵףְҵײͬһԪˡ
ͼݣ봫󣬼˻աάƵķʦδ뷿ҹѾ
ʦҹΪԼʱ쵽𣿡
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աάȻƽߵӣҹ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѧУԴô죬ҹԼڱƣΪҲ׼μη̽һʶ
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ʼϰʱҿûô࣬ºһƶ´Եġ
ҹڻաάǰһֱѧǫѷ̬
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һΣɣΪʦˡ
仰ҲǱ¶˻աάƵͼҹҲһ
ɣǷ˹֮ӰˣʦҲѾ֪ˣǷ˹֮ӰҪ£
Ϊ֮ĵλǻȡĸרҵ׵Ϊһרҵ׻ʮְҵѧʵ֮Ǳ̬ǲˡ
Ǵѧʶ
Ͼôսߣ˺ԷɱƿרűǶ㹻ʣµרҵͷ۵ˣﻹȥʲô
Ҳ֮һ֮ǿ󣬵Խѧ²̫Ȥ
£ɣҪռרҵʦ֮һǾ͵ȷҪؿˡ


236 
а𡣡
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ʵҪҲ͹εһȷǿŻģ֮ĵʦȥȴֲͷһҪҪڱѧϡ
ܻеֺãָͨɵġ
ƫƫʱɣ˵ϣ϶ֱȥˡ
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ǰõķҹܹȳɣȻ˳ƽȥʵϵĵ㹻ܹԲӦ䡣
ȳɣҹаյģϾתְɹǿӳʵ̫ˣ϶Է֪ԼĿģܹ䲻⣬òǺʲô
սȳԹȳԣûһԷԷʼƴˣЩѧȻͿܳΣգͬʼԭһѾµĻʱѧҲ̫øĿڡ
Ͼɣһ൱յļһܹʦݣ֮αװʦôʱ䣬ôܻû㹻ľͷ
ֱӽ¶ݣܻһӦԤ
зգҲһᡣ
һ˵ţաάƱߵһǰһС룬óžᡣ
̫ߵȵľ޷ʹãݴƴɺľᣬȴⲻ󡣡
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¾ȼߣȫƾԷԿռãҲ޷á
ⶫһˣΣԼ
صרģƾҶػ⣬ػʹֱܹӴ͵ģʹʱҪע⡣
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֮⣬ӵλʦϣҲᰲһЩܹӳʦܵĵƣҪעǣҲܻӵƵĵƷųѪǻ󡣡
աάƼҹžɵЦѵ˵
ȷǶƷѹƣʦ׵ƷȥҲֻܷӳרҵ޵ˮƽʱϾܹרҵ׶ĵƵġ
ֻǣһ֪жٶѪĲǡ
ϾֻõĻڲȫֵܶһʦħƷƵĶһȥͱųȾһʧ
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ҹЦ˵ֻԵѰһЩǷܹԼϵмãȻ󿴿ܲܰﰬŵæ
ʵûҲûҪǿһֱΪԼĻԵԼϣҩѧ׬ȡͳԴռ׬ȡϡԴ
Ϊ䣬ʱһƾԼĥһ׻һ׻ĽܹȫƳġ
ֻҪ֪Ķûʲôµġ
Ķ飬뵽棬ûгͻж鶼ΪС
ҹҲ˵
еǸħǵʦӣҲܴǡ
ܹ뵽ܲȻҲˣסɿأԱԼΪҪĿġ
աάƵ˵ͷҹҪҹҲһů
Ȼû˵Ȼλߵ˼˵ҪʱԼˣ룬ȫΪأ
רŷܹڲʹ漴ᣬҲֻһȻûôʾҲһֱûԼݣλʦȴǺעԼİȫġ
Ҫ֪ʦѧҲ֮ˣաάܹ˵ѾΪܹ˵ļ¡

֮ͻȻз̽жѧע⣬ӵʮְҵ׳Ա
ȴʵϵƣʵ͵ѧʵߵѧ
ʮУ߼ְҵֻӵмְҵʮʮֻǳְҵ
רҵ״ʦӣȥԽӴһԵ
ҪĿѧǶ鲻ٱоη֮ġ


237 
š֮һְҵ֡ټͷҹڱڶרҵ׵⣬ְҵɸۺϿѡγġ
ʵ츳ǱŬ̶ԼԵʶȵȡ
ȻŶԵʶˣѡεҹҲее˼ҪڲĶô
ңʦİţελרҵʦһλɣһλǸרҵ۷ֻſʦ׵ļ罣ʿһλһʹˡ
ڰţԼԼռ룬ţһһݱա
һרҵ׻ʮѧʵרҵ׵Ŀ˿١
Ҳ׼ģҹֹˣһר֣ʵʵڵϰɡ
ҪŹֵСѾͷʵҲܼ򵥣˦һҵϾͻġʺ򡱣ǵõǮġŮһ
Ϊ⻷ʦԼ⣬ҹԼҲʱ˵ãһЩ׼

ϣҪðõɡ
תһеԹܣһҺ壬ҹҲ̾Ľ
Լû԰
˵ʱŷͼְҵѧѧУڣ֮֯ЧҲһ졣
ûȼѾȫɸѡˡ
Ϊҹżξ޵սǣȻв˲Ųڶûȥսġ
ѡĸ߼ְҵУм˶ս⣬
ܹ֮ô콾УɱģͼְҵЩǱ߼ְҵ⼸λȫʵˣ
ÿ˶жԼľţʲôŵרҵ׵ʦֲǿ϶ҲҹֻܹһרҵʦָϰˣҲܶΡġ

գ
֮Ķ⣬ȴȣһůĸо
֮óǸߴķͧϣһʵСħͧɢһضΣյϢܵĻ˷ͧȫ˿
֮ѧԺרͧȻСսˣ֮ΪƶħΪȫУֻ12ҡ
γȻ׼ִ֮ķͧˡ
ڳѾʮˣһû
λְҵǿļӻĹ
һͬΪർѡʣĸ߼ְҵļ졣
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վһĮòʵĿ˵˵λĮǼλ߼ְҵģȥֻʮ˾ꡣ
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Ȼ߼ְҵѧԱʵϰʦΪ׵ģںǸ⺺ӾͲٱԹ
ĻҲѾɣ͹λʦע⡣
ɣҹһ滹֪ӱˣٺִһѧ֪ҩѧţơ
ɣҲһֱûκζ棬һֱûҹҹ鷳û棬һֱš
ֱʱһ˳ֵĽˣЦǺǵĶԱһĮĹ˵
ǰεжҪôѧİȫ֯ӦûҪԼɡ
š
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˳ٵˣҪʵһЩͷɣȻԽΪͷֻǸʩ
ɣԹķӦΪ⣬ȻԶԷΪԼҲѧԺרҵʦȫȨһЩƶ
ѽ˼ɣʦһڹ涨ʱ֮ڵˡ
ʱҹЩɢӵ½̨λô˳
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ŵʦȨڻɣܽλñӡ
ʵҲΪ˽׼һ׼ҪͷҲһݱ
ҹɣָΪ⡣
ɣûڣмְҵǱߵһ˿ˡ
ʱţʲôá
֮ҲˣϵǷʦķѷħѧԺѧḱ᳤
˵мְҵ׵ͷʦĵλ˵λʮ˾콾λ߼ְҵй֮
ͼΪѰ³ĶǹϵʦҲͬѧУȻûڣ綾һҹ
˵ȷҹ˶Σߣʱͬ
ʱԼĵʦڳרҵ״Ϊܣη壡
ǰʱܶƼƿҩأؼʱ˵ܾˡ
ҹνʼ磬ֻǽһ£ȴֱӽķѷҭɫǺ졣
ҩϣԷ߸ۣʦİæ£ôõʱ䣬Լδָ
۷ãԼܳͻǵģΪһʱڴӳ٣
⻰ֱǽ˿ڰ
ֱ˵ʱŵȻûãҲͬ


238 
ķ¸оԼҪҭˡ
ƫƫû취ֱһˣǿþѹк󣬲һ
ߣҲҩѧеͰˣѪĵɣʵսû˿ӳɣú÷ϵУȴƫƫȥŪ⣬λħķģռ
Ҳķѷû취ˣҹרҵʦȻҲ˵ˣǽһ
Էܹôᣬҩɣ϶ǻ˴ģͬʱԷȻ˾ְְҵ
ȫ˷ʦĸ߹
ܹΪʩߣ˭ȥŪ⣿ʱ䶼õЩˣħ֪ʶж٣µķģռ
ֱĿǳòʧ
˼˭ƿͿˣҪԼ֡
ҹáҺǿⷽԷȻǾŶԷʹ㡣
ֻҪ˵㱻ˡ
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ķѷϢȣԭ֮ǰӰٴαҪŴӰ֮ʱɣȴʱĿˡ
ޣҶҹʦҩҲţȻΪ˶ҹ㹻ҩǵȻסĹףҩֺƷǷаȫɡ
ҹû˵ʲôɣһڶΪƵҩҪֱӽ
ΪĴһº󣬼ҩ乫ԶҲкô˱ܵľͻӵɣе塣
ʦĿ̫󣬶϶Ҫǿס涥ȥʱ϶䵽ʵУԣеĺƷͷְҵһɣĿСʵֹոպð
ҹȻ˳ŶԷȥʲôҩΪԼ׼ģ֮ģǷжԷһڡ
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ʵҹֱԸѧҪΣٳһƿԷãﻹҪɣ˵ʲôһӰɣΪרҵʦź档
ҹûԵĻҲ˴ѧĺøС
һ䡰ְҵ׵һˡĳλ⺺ӵߣȴû˿ʱ򷴲
ҹרҵʦµһ˵λãҲֱӱĬˣ˵˽λʦĻȨ
ңͻôɶ񰡡
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ȻԺйɻ󣬵ԷԼ°ͼݿҲǺĵġ
ûôϵֱ˹ȥЦ
СӷͲ˰˵ʲôôǺ޵ģţؼֱ䷢ء
ҹ˿üŪ۵˵ڶԷؿڴ¡
ֻҹ͸еﲻԾΪͻȻһܾͰˣѧǵȫֹͷȥǾֵı顣
һֱĮӵĻ̧́Ƥ࿴ҹۣɣǸǹһ˿Ź֡
ŴҹҲоָе㲻ˣ˿СӺôҲְҵǰؼôɡ
ָ𣿡
ӶҹֻĪһƤ񣬻ͷ㿴Цӯӯϲ
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ˣԼȻûһ·СӣҵڣԼȻԼ޷ӦԷʵΡ
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УΪɶԷһӰ֮ϤϢ
ſܺʲôҹɿһµջָοƵĶԷļ
ģ᳤ġ
˵ͽӲĻͷת뿪ˡ
һȻһѡ񣡡
ҹһԭرǱһذֱ䴩˿ϹһȫĺڻЦݣðӰĲϢ
ƺڳ˵֮У
Բۣ
Ӱ켫Ϊ̵ϢԼһΡӲרҵʱϤ䷽ҹһĸо
꣡
ѹ˿СϲճԼԭĪǵšСǸС̫ԲۣǰĪֻ޶ˡ
νͣǽռ֮ذ쵰
ȡѧǶڿɺͳ
˿Ҫ֮ǰɿһ£һɺҵġѹȫ˿ȫѹȥ
ʵ֮£ԶѰרҵķ룬˵λӶ֮⣬˿֮ȼ磡
ԭĻ类ֽѹƽֽ棬̼徻
˿ڸоҪˣʼϤĳСе廳ģܹɱԼһεְҵװ
Ϊ֪ϢҲ֪ԼǵܵѾԷˣԷΪϳԼ˹кʾлʲôġ
ϾԼֱӹϵ뿪ҲǲһѣԵʱҲ̫õ״̬ԼһֱǱڸŶ
ֲʱȫûӦķ
ȻôСңΪʲôоˡ


239 
˿ҲǽŮСˡ
˺ԼûעҲеϵҲûȫҹ
ʲôСҲˣԷһԼϿɵĶ֡
ڱ⿫ͣӾĻǲԼͱɸӵĻ
һߵҹҲǲŶͷĺˮĿŶԷ
һŵĴУʵ˵ȫûɶоⲻСС⣬ܵܳʵ̫ˣ
ŵ̳ܵˮӰҹܹԿŮ˵Ŀ⿴
ܾһƤ񰡡
ϴ˿û˵ĻλӦҪ٣˫̥
źǶǺǱǰֻȫûˣֻܵȲڣңʲôĶɢ
Ϊ˶ѹĵףټŹλרҵ۷Ĵѹƣǰη粨ƽ
˶ĬĸŶħͧ

Ϊաά˵ᰵйעħֹͧ·Ϯһ·൱̫ƽһֹ۹Ρ
վڷмװ򷿼䴰·ӿĺ羰
Ϊ䣬޷ˣϷ¿ȥ־֢߿ɪɪȴ׳ΰǴ̼
վڷͧװǰˣ͸͸΢磬·ҹ
һҹըĳ嶯
Ϊ£ɵ¸򣬶ѾˣֻдͽֻֻͨͨһЩͲƷӵĴֻˣ洬Ѿ档
ڴʱԶ߾ͷȴǳһƬ·ַԱȵƽȥƺյƲ㶼ɢù֮ں֮ϡ
ִĿĵأվ㣬Ӧòһ
ͧ𣬸ҼԤ
ǰҲ˵ˣβ黹ҪҲգǶ£Υߣܵѧ
Ϊ֮ĴҲκƣֻҪռ;ܷȥѧУǿĺܣ
򵥵ļ仰ֱӽѧеѪ˳
һȺѧӷ˳˼װϣŷǰ
ɣ˿λרҵʦ˳
֮УյħͧƿƲ㽵͸߶ȣǰֵһȥ
ŷͧĿԼܹѾ˼Ӱ򸽽ͣĴʹֻҲȽħͧ
֮ķͧ󣬾޴ĶҲ·˵ߡ
¾֮Զһصѹȸиѧͷ
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ÿһŶӵĴһĶֵ¿ܾӵһӽɭȻ۹ģĴͳС
ӵԪ֮֮ȴ֮ϵĳ
ֺ֮һԾͳʮλְҵǿߺרҵС
ڵйģҲʵǿһ塣
ŷͧƽ䵽̲ѧǴ˷ܺıʱѾɳ˴ǰʺ
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ɣϵܣּ˰
ɵרҵ׵ĴУҲô࣬ﶼǸģȻ඼ʶ
֮ǿ󣬶ΰڳĳ˵ǶԺôȤĥѧġ˼
ǿûͻȻȻͻ˹׽ˣ˵׼ʲôʱܹһѵġ
ҹһܣֳѾ˵Ƿֳ岨ĸһרҵһӵûκһӵרҵʦ
֪޷ͬ⣬ǻԼɢСˣרҵƽˡ
ţҹ֪ܹܹרҵ״е϶ǲ򵥣ƫƳ̶ȣȻһʶ
ֻͨǵװκڲĽṹԼգǸӵרҵ׵ӦһŻƷ͵ɢǽ׼Ƚȷļ
ƽ̯ɵ£ǿ϶ǶһţʮǰöȻǰ˹̹ڵɵһٶǰֻʮӵרҵ
ڿЩǰ߲ʵĴУѾʼ빱׽ҹͷҲе޴ı仯
ЩĿֺãûаڳ̬֮һһ·Į̸̬Χʼ̸Ц
˵ȥ֮󣬾пҪǵİϾְҵ׵Ŀ˵֮ģΣĿҲ
߶нõ˼̸ΧȻǻϵġ
ûйãӴħͧǴһƲ㡣
ΪӴ󣬹û֮ר÷ͧǿҷͧѡȽ档
˾޴˻ͨһͣ˺֮ϡ
ҷµСͧ˹
ȻҶͨķͧû֮ڿƼֳȴû˵С
һҷͧϣǵħĻ£һǱļһգ
ħӰ˵һʦǿĳ


240 ѹ
ϸ磬û뵽֮Ȼ㶼ɳˣǿǴôѧһΪǶĶڱصء
СͧͷһӴЦŹ˹
򣬼겻һǺη
۾ƺЩп
ʮؽ˹Сӣ
ڲûʾʲô츳ٶһֱйоأȴûκһƿסһ·ˮɵͻְҵͻרҵֱרҵ۷壡
ǰٶȽ˦ٵˣںܶ໹ְҵΪͻרҵ
һСͺ뷨һ·ȴš
һ֣ԭ֮ΪĵķΧ΢ı仯
֮ͱûʲôֱӳͻΪɵΨӵʦ֮Ӱеġ
ؽʸϣɵ¹ɵִ߾λΧҲ
Ԫ֮Ϊʦķʦֶɵµһ˵ͷʵʤһ֮ۺϾȲµʵȴҪʤ
ϰֻʮˣȴλרҵףʣµҲȫһɫְҵ۷壡
ֳıʵ֮֮ϣ
ϵĹ֣λרҵȴӵרҵڵĺϢ
ҹԼ׽˶ԷеϢֻ޷ȷһλ
˵ΪʲôôԶŵĸϢû뵽СҲһŰ
ֳ΢һ˿صʱȴɣʱˣź淨ʦĴЦ˵
ߡαĹ߹
ɣ٩ɳ˾䣬Ǵ˸кǵͬɣһִǽеʦ
ҹüȻ˹֮ӰĲֹɣһ˰ⶼ֪ûС
ǰʦѾһ൱ˣרҵʦĻϣͻȻѣ˲һСӵϵרҵ׶ǲܣ
ĵöѵ˼ˣϣԼ׼׷ѣⶼڲһ
ҹͷͷδ꣬Ʋͷź濴ȥֻԭƽĺҲͻȻӿ˵ߡ
һͨˮ𣬼ɫӰ˳ˮȺԾɳ̲֮ϣ
ǿߣһɫרҵף
Ǳ֮뺣Эеķ䣡
λרҵǿ߶ռͷԱֳеרҵǿߣĿռƣ㵥һȴֳǿ
ֳԷֳ˼ŵôһ¶⣿
ȻǱԷһ֣ͶȥĵλһλԨһۺ壬Įɨһۡ
˾ͳɡ
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ں󣬾ܵһѹƣΪǺߣǶԷͷϵĽɫƬݣ
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ְҵ౻ͬרҵܹۺĺǿپͨ壬еĸߵѪȴȻռƣ̸ˡ
ͬΪרҵ۷壬רҵ۷ٮٮߣֻſ˴ʦף;ʵԣ֣Ķ֣
ԷڴʦǰԱ
۶Ǻݡ
һ˲䣬Щӵɫȥ
û뵽徹ȻѪǿ󣬵Ӵϡ٣ÿλֶæӮôóðգ
˵ıԴںﶼһλİȫҪ
˵֮ҲڳķӦֱӾֱŵȥרҵһ㱰΢ĸ
Щˣû뵽ǾȻôá
ϸ磬ȥҪӦ°
ţҶ뻥Ӧһ¡
ԣͬҪһ¶⡣
ԱԹ۵ҹЩźļһҲЩΣȻ˵Ƕ˵ĺԵĻ֮ķ͸Ҳûмٶ١
嶯ô꣬رʮǰɵɵ´½ϵһɢɳԷͱȣǿѹ»ϵֿ
ֱӽȥˣڸʹ£ϾǸЦ
ҹʵ㹻ţʱͷǳģΪλ壬Լϵ߶ͣһ
ʦĨȥ²ļ䣬ȻǴ֪Լ谭ӭʥŮ
з˹֮Ӱк壬ս


241 
ʦᣬӦ˹֮ӰߵͻӦǹˣͻȻð壬֪ʦϱĵƹá
Ϊ壬ûϲıƷ²ǡ
ŶĬǰҹͷҲŸͷԼﻹа֣רҵ츳ǿѪҲ϶ѹѰרҵ
ڼȫĵƼϣֻ˵ܹǿӦͻ¼ˣܹࡣ
ͬѧǲ̫ģûͻ㹻ʵϻŵĵƣû˻û㹻ʹðչǵġ
ѧΪĳ֣ܵһѹƣ·ҲͨƽǴѪ
ٵĴ󲿷ְֳҵѧȷǱȽźԵļ߼ְҵ׾Ҫصöˡ
رλʮ˾ʹﵽ۷죬иһ˿ս⣬ƺûе˿ѹ
ҹʱҲڸ
ʦȥҾûͬǵĶֿеڱжĺã⡭
ֻҹ߻û˵ֱ꣬ӱ˴ˡ
ǹģò׻õ˭Ըڱתתɣ㲻ҵĻԲҪȥְҵ׵һˣ˷Ц
֮ˣһֱҹ̫ǸаർѪĻ̶ȣȷڡְҵн죬ȷʵҲſʱ
ڡҹֻǵĿ˶Էһۡ
ΪеĿ־壬òΪԼô̬λҪһЩ
ƽĽ̵ֱƿ˶ԷεƤɫǺȷЩǿװ򶨣û뵽ֱӱԷҴˡ
ʱǾȻڲìܣǳɺͳرҹȻˡ
ɣʱĿڣֱӴ˵ĻҺƨվǼߣ⼡Ҳ졣
˵־ܽԷɸӣҹס˶ڲֻˣһȺĵСһǣ˲̫á
רҵʦѿиûô
˶ԼãԼ϶ͻرȻʦԼԼҲȻҪΪȺСһ￼ǡ
ûΪ˽жΪ˽Ӵ뻹ʲô塣
ķѷǸеʱʦѹסҲʼ
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˿й뿪¾мֲȥ˼
ķѷƵ˼ҹֱˣ˫Ѿһ棬˾ʹԷ䣬ûֱӲˣҲȷǸڲìܵʱ
ҹ߲ķѷǱȴǷǾԼӮˣ䱾ʤ׷ĲϿڼǼлжǵıڻдҲʱʱС
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˿һֿȵ̸۵ļһ￴
ԼԷɱһΪҪ˺
ȻʱûҲû˿ڵ˼
ߣáȥɡ
˿Ӱ𽥱䵭ȫʧ˵ҰУΪڰǿʱ򡭡
ˡ
һ·ϴС֮ĶҲɹԽذĹľ֣һѾľͽǰ
һɿһ۾˾ͣԴεĺΰ͸¶һɹӲɣʷϢ
ִԵĶؽ磬רҵ֮ϵ˾ơ
Ż
ͷΡ
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оտյġ
ҹеԴͣѧǸ඼Ż
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ҹ۾ǽ·֣ͷҲһ˿ơ
ȻˣǾͼɡ
ȻǺ忪ڣͬʱǰȡӦһַͬĽ硣
ǲɫĽţһſĹ޾޿һ㣬ĳǰ


242 
Сһ㣬ϢеŹ֡
бԼӴļϢҹص˵
һУһʹǰȻȫϢԼˣôӪǷֵġ
ԨħҲػoƹܻάĻƽ⡣
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ҹҪĵһ¾ֹ֮˽롣
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һ·һֱеļ¶
ԱߵķѷҲһʧıҡͷ˵
ǰһ㵱ϵְҵ˵пԭҲǿǰϵְҵˣδ֪̽ûУĳɾҲڴˡ
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ΪһĶվСǱߣԼȴֻֻ㡣
ȻѾҲûûȥظĵԺ·ϱѵĹؿʤԽˣԽá
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ɵµԶߵȺٴóˣԲŻụγһСˡ
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ͨһƬڰɭޱȡ
ӫʯܹǽϵһЩڻ
缫Ϊԭʼ͹󣬼ʲô
ԼֻܿһЩͽĹͼ
˳Ӧͨȥ˽ŲĻصԴصĺ⣬ûѹֵĻнʲô
ЩԾǰĶҲûȥãͨĽṹǵĽŲˡ
֮ǰǸСУΪ׵λµϼרҵǿ߳˵
۶ģСֻʮˣλרҵ⣬Ҳһɫĸ߼ְҵսѷɫ֮١
ûʲôֵģ˿ռֶΣʱ̶ڱ仯ǿԵǴһڽġ
ҹں濪ڻشǰǸ⡣
ţǶֻи߼ְҵʦԿռ϶ûǵīߣ̸ڵҹˡ
˵ְҵףרҵ׵ɣ϶¶һȻǸողҳԭġ
Сְҵ׾ͶԿռô˽⣿ţӦòǣ϶ΪԷû취ֱӸռ䶯ԲѸٴ߼жϳڣԼ֪Ѱԭȥˡ
ҹǰԭ򣬷ǰǸС˸еˡ
ҹܻ֮ãķʦʵ̫ϡˣ߼ʦǺòײŻ붯ģҪǵ֪ʶ
ڷֲûжá
˼֮Ķ飬һרҵ׷ʦүһѧûŪ׵⡣
ǰҾĻЩ죬ΣǵָΪ


243 
Ȼ֪ԷֻҪʱԼ鵱еķʦԴǰУȷųϣرǶԷ쵼Ȩ¡
ΪĿĲͬٴĶǰٶȲ졣
һ·ɣ͹񶼻ѧǽиֳ⣬ʲôҪôȻüλְҵѧǸ֪ΧĴתתѰ
ͬʱ˵Ҫעء
һ·϶ԵýΪƽһֱǺֹͨ
ͨŹͷʱ䣬ǰǳһ籱ͬһ㣬ķĵ·ڡ
ʮ·̬ǰ·
ħǣѡֱ߰ɡ
򵥵жһ£ǿڵϾҪ뿪ż·̣þѡ䡣
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һ·ĬͷƵҹʱҲЩãȻ̧ͷ¶һ˿Ц
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Ƶ̽ǰΣ̫ģȻ飬ԷתڲҲ϶뿪ͨ
Ȼ編ʦѧôþۼƵľ飬ȴǵ鼮ܹġ
ر޷صû뵽ȥΣ
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츳ϱķѷ˦Զʵس̶ȣȴķѷܹġ
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ЩŻܣΪ䣬ϢңԶרҵ֮ѹƵĹҲõϣӦǴʯ״̬赣ġ
Ǹҵеһ߼ʦſһǰо˰˿˵
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µ̻λרҵսʿ˵ʦǵȫ岻˻Ҳֻ̫ҪνĿľ͹ˡ
ʵۼֵа취ЩߣЩѾ߱ߵļֵˣ
ᱻѹưÿһרҵ֮ϵ
ϧҲΪˣʲôؾӴˣջǶ㡣
淿У϶㹻࣬û̫ΣյıԴԻȡ
ĿǰչʾĸֻҪһЩѰƷӵ㹻ֵˡ
νڲ͸¶ȥ󣬵ȵķٴȻи߲ǿ߽ѰԵ
ԼܹΪһĶ飬ǱڵջǾ޴ޱȡ
߶ν˶ңҹȴ̧ͷ죬Ϸ컨һӡ
ⲻǵĿռ찡˵ŵʱǿռ˳󵼣ȫԳɿռ䣡
ɢĹ԰˿ҲӦ÷Լ޷ͨʹˡ


244 ħ
һĻʵƳѵص㡣
ҹЩϧ뵽һָȫγһؿռ䣬Ҳ˵䶼Ӱ첻
䲻ᱻǿֻҪͻƵڴϵǷݱϾͿˡ
ϧҹоƵļַֻ̫ʺϣΨһһģĸߣɹʵɣһʧܾ군Զס
Ҳѧһ֣ʱȥ˵ȫģǰĻȥʦİæӦҲܹĽгˡ
ҹΪԼҪĿĽп˼ʱͨǰȴͻȻһˡصžĻԵúͻأ
˵ľ񶼽
ΪֹԼˣûг˿ⲿǰǵһ
𣿡
µ̻λרҵӣԱ߽ŵһó֪ѯʵ
һ·ûôڵĵ͵ʱ۾տɫɢ͵ĹһͫѪ
϶ڵĻȾͷƺҪʲô
ʲôˣֻһӦò飬Сġ
˵꣬ԼҲħȡ£š
ڸдʧҹӰվӰ֮УҲѪɫķġ
зʲô𣿡
ߴϤ˿
֪СǸ̬ͫѪڳһ϶Ǹרҵǿ
ȷֻһǼһ壬״̬⣬Ҳ֪ӦôݣҾ鷳ˡ
ҹͷЩˮΪǸˣǶԶԷδ֪еľ
ʱǰĻȣҲʼ𽥴϶ϰѵճƺڽһ㡣

һɫƤĸߴӰǴԶӰ߳¶ӫʯ֮¡

ʲô
ѧרҵ״жǸеͷƤһը
ʱֻһλԭۺ壬ǻȫͿգпյĸǻ˵ķ򻺲ϰѵǸǻڲ౻ס󻬶һ·Ѫۣ
ӹǣ⺣ϵǲ֣ȻѳʮԱߵĵһƤΣжͷɫƬ޷ϳݣ
һλʵǿŽǰʮĺ壬ˣŹȥã
ʲô
뵽ӫʯĹΧƺԷҲӦǰˣð˸е׵Ĺâ
ж֮ǰħâĵֱӷȫܽǶȡ
ģŸܻ
ʲô϶Ϊǿ
˹ۺȴܵ˼ûУֱͻȻƵĳ˹壬ըѣ
ϲдĻ棬ԿµٶȴŻĲ̻еһ߼ְҵ׳

׳ԷϻճûĻˣֵȴǻ棬Ǻ徹ȻŶԷϡǡȥ
Ǵ˿ڱǵĴ룬һĳŶԷͺͱǿȥմźɫҺ۾Ͷð˳
ĵ
ŶĲϢӵһֽ򷨲ֵ״̬
ҹһѣԼȴ˸
һְҵףͻȻôܻģοԼڴ
ֻ־뷨ʦħγ˺һĹ࣬쳣
ϵļλУȴԴȴкٷ
ħԶͬսƻ󣬻Ǵö࣡
ȻĿĺǻȼյĺ뱻ȥǡǵùȴûг˿͵ֿ
Ԫʴȫվ
ȵԪعԶϨǰǸٴ˴˸
ֻԭǸǡļһѾʧˣǺԭͷ­Աߣٴζһͷ­Ǹԭĵù
ߵƺѾȫ϶ΪһмĿնһźۺϵϣͳ治ź䶯
Ϣϴһڡ
ǣǵħԪسΪ˴߻֪֪
ҹֱҪըһȺɵơ
ʱ˰Ļ򣬲Ƕ˳ȥ
֮ǰЩֻĲ̫࣬ԭΪеŭļҲɸеЦ
ֻɫҲ˼ڣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰɻһҵ˵һλרҵУ˦һŶνλħᡣ
ȻǵļЦݶû֣ű˰Ļȴ׼ȷĻǹ塣
ȻѶ֬һ㣬ˡȡ죬ֱӴؿڳȫӹȥơ
˫ͷ֣Ҳǵһη˵˻


245 

ħܵ˵һĴˣҹıȴôġ
ҪǿʼȺһﲻָӣڶԷɺǰܹشԷˣ
˵ˣӰȴ൱ޣ
ԨħǱܽӽȴ䣬Ӳ꣡
ҹĽݿ֧µóĽǡ
ԨħǵֱԴǰħ
Ⲣ˵ԭˣԨħҪ߲ΣȴˣԨħйӴѧϰ
ʼһ壬ڵõ˽ֻһְҵ׵Ѫ󣬾ȻѾﵽרҵ۷Ϣ
ⲢǵԨħĲʶֻһŵħѣ
ҹǲԼĹЧˣȴǼ±ƣûи
ô߼ħжνλħľṥԷ£ɽԱߴըˣ
һֱֱײ˫ͷħϵĻ󣬶ʼԭûֱðƺǻǼɵһ㡣
ģ˵
µ̻λרҵսʿеĿڵרҵ۷ϢټǶĵԣ¼רҵռݾƣкܴգҪ֪ӦԷ
ûʲô󰭣ԷзҪɱֻҵڲߵġ
Ԫع̬仯Ľɱ˻еãԪľͲҪҷˡ
ֹͷҹȻҲҴţҪѵĵطֱ˵˳
ǰѾԿԨħĶǰƵĶܿ죬֪Է㣡
ǸĻܹ˺ʱ㻹Ҵţ
ҹѣѸֻķѷ
ʼԪعҲһݣΪǷʦᣬԼһħְҵֱӺɱ
ԼΪĹȴˮݶûð𣬷ǸҵҩǼļһһܹ˵Է
ַܹܡ
϶ǻʲôֶΣԷԼԶʳ
ǰõֶκ㲻һԵ֪𣿷ˡ
ҹûķѷһֻۣǶ˫ͷ֣ƽƽУȴֳһ֡һʶ̫ˡ̬ȣ
㡭
ķѷٿ˵ʲôҹǼ˵
ɣϺѾ֪ȥˣȷҪ˵ʲô
ķѷͷһæͷĹˣʦȷѾӰɫ䣬ôᣡʦȥˣ
ɣͻȻʧҹûие⣬ԷǱĿĽģҪָԷ¹ѹأȻǲܡ
ɣʧͺǳķѷļǣƨٷһֱήȥ
ûɣɽôҹʲô
˿а취𣿡
ķѷֱˣǶԿѯʵ
ûʱȥҹǲʹҪȷϵǼʣλʹûа취
ԴӽҾϰϵϵ
˿Ʈð˳ùҲĵһֻһʹĶѡ
Ȼҹ˵ˣԷģҪ⿿еδ֪ĺģ˽Էж˿⣬û˿취
ԼܵѹϢ²רҵףǲɵģ
Ǹ̻˵ˣô˽ķ׾
߸˼תӰе˿ǸӸеĵ𺳡
ĻӦö޷ϵǣûǴԷʹ
ʲôʱʹܹʹˣ
ǶݵһţҹѾּڲѾʼһЩɵ͵ĳͻ㣡
Ƕʵ㹻ǿû㹻Ȩףʵ缺Ҳƴ׻ᱻ
ûԸǱѡ
޷ཻ󱳵ϣʵȴ
һⶫ˹⣬רҵûԱ
ּ˹Ȼֻܴ˳ս
һʿĻϾҪɢˣŴ֮ܵѧǸҵ˵ҪܵĻԺѹ
Ҫһڡ
ҷģⶫֻϢǿѣΪӦĳһԱߵػܣֻһȱרҵһְҵΪжǿ
һ߿˵ţҹ߱ǿʼֳߵʼֻĿڲС
ڻһϣںľӮˣǰǴƬδصķ䣬Ʒ
ҹĻѾʮĻ򣬱ɼŶԷХ
Ǽɵҹԭسһ˫ͷħƺҲӦԼɱˣʼһεĽжܶ
ӷ׵˫ͷ壬ȴǼΪĴһֿµٶȡ
Ѱķʦ϶޷סˡ
ҹ˷ʦǰְһλ
޷ٿصļʸ·ˣܹ;ı䷽ܵƵĻ򣬸׵Ľ˫ͷħѹƶռ䡣
ͬʱϡ
𣡡
Ұһľ޴󺿽
ԭԥŻδҵλרҵǿߣҲһѸٵѡͬʱħɱȥ
󹱷ҲӰˮһĳ˫ͷħնɱȥ
͡
֮ǰͷ˶νλרҵУ˫ͷħͻȻٵһͱԷȫһ׳ֱֵͱ˸͸
޷š
ͻȻɴ׳ֱٶʵ̫ˣҶԷȻֱ˵Ĺֱ
νʵûﵽרҵ۷壿
ʶѵһ̣Ǵ뻹δʼѪʱ򣬺λرǹˮնȴֱӽҹ˵Ĺг顣
ۼֿ죬һһֳĺġ
飬ԭ飬ۿº£ƵҲ̼ʧȥ˻滯һѪˮ


246 ⣿
ӢۣΪעʦǾ޷׵֣Ӣۣƿҩ
ɨȷ·Ķȷʧȥ˻ԺҹǿѾſڵأ㱻רҵػǰ
ҲǸսʿͱһ£ܾ;Ȳˡ
ڣ˼ȻţѪʢҪǾȲǲԼ
Ʒʵĸ߼ҩ¶ǣ͸ĴֳԷǿµͨ͸˿ڣȻۿɼٶѸٵ
Ա׼ԵҵרҵУӶɳˡ
ǶѾ׼ţ˵ʲôδʵԸʲôģȴǷֶԷȻܹһ¡
ѪҲ˰ǻָģûˡ
ҹʸ߼ҩҩЧȻǿ󣬵ŵЧͶԷػߵְҵйأҲͶԷָѪйء
ˣҲ㹻ðڵ˸еⱬըҩЧˡ
һ˵ҹһЩҩŲٵģڿԸһ·ʲô¶ҪɣֻҪҩа
һƿҩһ
һ˲䣬˿ҹ񶼱ˡ
ķѷһ·䳰ȷ飬ʱȴǳӶˡ
ķѷ֪ҹҩͨҩҩЧҪӽƷˣȴû뵽ʻЧӻµ̶ֳȣ
رĵͿɽɣĪսв֪٣ǺڰԼվվרҵߣΪθоԼˣ
ûһ·ϵ䳰ȷ˿ҲҪΧǰȥ׽ˣ־Ҳ֪»ԼˣȶҲ϶ں档
ܾܿ
Ҫȡ档
ǻټͷҹʦҹͬѧȻ˸ЧҩҾûÿ϶ֵĺðȻͻֱסڲָô죿
ķѷȱپ飬ҲȻһʽʦ˼άٶ㹻죬Ѹپҵѵķ
ߣڲǵվԼվ
밲ȫǰ˶ܹӦ
棬һῼһǿҩʦǱֳΣĵط˭ȥ£
ףλͬѧ˵Ĳʶ壬Һͬ
µ̻λӣԺ˳ƾͿ˵
ͬΪרҵףȻ֪Լѵжأ۾ͨˡ
ֻ˼ҸողžԼĶѣǱ˶ˣԱ߻йʸûҵڵĻᡣ
ڣ㿴֮Լİ
⵱ȻҪסᣡ
ͬ궼һ̾п˵
֮ͬѧʾǸ߰Žᣬʶ壬÷ŶӾ񡣡
ķѷλרҵ״֧ԼҲæǫ˵
ӦģϾͬһ飬θǿλ˸˲ŴĿģҲǿλ˵ƣҲſǵ⡣
ܹѾˡ
һһģʽƺֱӶ˻
ǱԼȻļһĸмҹһԵԹϿϷ
Ҳûпڵ˼Ͼÿ˶ҩҪ
ҲǴһ˿ЦĿҹһۣѾӵ֪СԸԲ˰ҲڣԱ߿š
Ǳķѷ˰ķѷǴһ˿ЦЦı鳯ҹ˹Ϸʵ˵
ôҹʦڻһɡ
վְֻҵѣֻҪܱרҵȣҾ͡
ʲô񡣡
ҹβƺǷӳ˹ɻ˵
ҩոû𣿡
ķѷЦŶ־ǰרҵг
Ŷ㲻˵ҩƽֳȥô˵ɶ
ҹڳһ̬Լǻͷһд⣬ĺһ￴ýζ
ȫûķѷ˼
λСѡ
µ̻Ӽ״Ҳ׼ԮʲôͱҹͷҲأĴˡ
ٿڶ˵һ䣬´˾鷳λķѷҩʦҩˡ
ȻλӾͱ죬仰ҭ˻ȥ
ȻԼְҵСܲȴһ²֪òÿˡ
һСľǿǿӲףԼô죿
ķѷҲţһﾹȻŭȻֱӰרҵ״еĻȥ
ԤԸռ˵Ƹߵ㣬ԼһڶԷ㲻ԸҲùԹϲǡ
¶ԷǿӲ㣬ҲרҵпڣֻҪǿѹסԷ޷ڷʲôĴڣ˳µĽԷĬˣ
ʲôֱǶԷ˵һ䡰족Ȼרҵо͹ԹԱˡ
籾԰
ô죬ս˲ã²̨


247 
鵱еĳԱǶõҩķѷóҩ
Ϊһʽҩʦȫƽһ˷һƿǰõģԴϲĽ֡
ţķѷ˲ôϲ
ֽĺķ˴ҹȴû˿սʤϲá
ħɭֶǱĳˣ˵ʵǶͬļ̶ֳҪǰħ
ҪעǣħͶӰʧܺĲд־ħһ֣ǰħֻǸŵĵ־
־޴Ĳ£ħƾǸԭʼӴĲȴǶԵ˼֡
ԼĻŹôרҵһ뷢ѣ㱻һ
ħʵĿȴһ޷ĵȺ
©һȫðǲǶһͳɵ´½ˡ
עЩԶ㣬ȻĵǻϢͬѹˣʵĽ͵ٽֵ֮º󣬿»ܹɻ
оôãҹȻҲзһЩ⣬ȻڿҵķʦǲףֻԼˡ
ҹһ˵꣬˶Գߵм˽
֮ǰǶνְ֮ҵ׵һˡͷΣȻӰҹֳܹʹһֿƶԷĻټƿ۾ҩ
ڶеĻȨҲǲ
ԭԭôѹ֡
һͬڵоЩкķʦҹѺҲȻ״
µ̻ҲʱĿڡ
Ȼ֪ԭǾͲ̫ģⲢͻȻðĹֻҪСһͻ԰ȫġ
ʼͱɱǸ߼ְҵ̻γɵСȫû˿дںܹõջʧʲô
ֻҹ˰µ̻λӵĿںȴǲźۼҡҡͷʼ˵ȫ֮Ϊš
Ƿɣʧ֮ĶһרҵʼʶỰȨ
ţҲǰʼҪľӵרҵ׷ʦ֮ڴʦˣȻ͵΢̬һ¡
ţɡ
ԼŵӰҲп˳
ŵĳ֣֮ѧɧѧԺķʵߡ츳ߣҪֵǱ
벻עⶼѣ
ѧԺˣԱߵ̻Ҳע˹⣬ǻעһء
רҵʿ
һǾͲһǵȷҪ㹻ȴҲͬҪϵġ
һľȻĿǳֵľŮոտ˵껰İµ̻ӱֳĬȥ
֮ĵƣȷɲ⣬֪Ǻ滹ʲôȰıȺˡ
ų뵽ֻƺҲе⣬֮ǰʦ˵ʱ֮ŬͻרҵΪľǽ
֪ʱ䣬ֵ֮ʱ䶼Ҫ磬Ӧ֪Щʲôֻǰȴʲôû˵ֻԼܵһ󵭵ıˡ
һδϸܵҹҲֱӴסҲû¡
Ҳûֱ

һ¶ǰ󣬹ȻûãͿһܡ
ֱ϶մ̵ѪȻûƴһֱ۽Ǻͱģ־ռǺ
ʼռٴУڷѾʧȥϢ󣬲ǷͬʱҲȫ֤ʵҹ֮ǰ˵Ʋ⡣
ֲֳˣǿȻз䣡
˳Ż߶ܿǰͳһšᡱȣҲһշŵķ䡣
ӭͨķ䣬϶ΣԲߣҪҪԵģǷķֶΣ
ֻҪܹƿ뷿ɨڵһС
ЩֱܵѰ䣬ǴűĿⷿ϶ܹõ㹻ֵƷ
̻Сˣ֮ѧǣ϶¶˼ɫ
·һ⣬Ǹ൱ǿĵˣ㶼λרҵУҲǳͷˡ
رǱֻǱ˼ѧǣǳʼֵߣû뵽ܵõʲôöʶȴ֣ƺԼҲܹһ
ȻѾˣδΪ淽Ĳ죬Ǿзֱˣл֮ĸλһ·ϵ໥֡
µ̻λרҵ״УʱҲЩ٣ǰӦʲôԹǷǷ
ȷһǸ˫ͷħ˫κһԶ϶Ҫ֣˫ദҲȷǢ
ףһ·˳硣
Ҳͷ˵
λҹȻһСǻָ˸߳ɵרҵػߣҲٴζҹʾ˸л˵ԺóˣһҪơ
˫Ƿֳ֧飬Ĭĸѡһ룬ܵõʲôöԵó󡭡


248 ˾
ͨҲһƬɭзŽգһķϵӡ
ÿŵʽ;붼ͬȫ޷ÿúڲֵܳĶ
ԵĶһŷԵĸӦһɡܾķϡ
Ӧֻͨķ䣬Ҳ󣬵ȴܸߣһͿĨͲķˮֽ
ҪѺܴ;
һ԰ɡ
Ⱥѧѡһ䣬׵һնš
һڷϴһϵӡǣЧ֮ҲЩü
ʼ̽ԹһŵһѧɵĺۼҲԼĲ˶١
Ϊǲʺͱϵƣ͸ոιжϣԽٶԽ죬ʵֻҪְҵ׵żˣʦһ볬֮ǰλͬѧʮЧ˵
ҹԼó˵˳
ǰüεġ֪Ⱦοں󣬴ѧʶѡţķѷкʹ˶ˣӹӣԷȷҪͬġ
ңܹרҵж뿪ˣֻܰĵë
һֱһ飬λʮ˾ʹﵽ۷ķ죬ʱҲɫЩӡ
¶ԷΪְҵ׵һʲôģҲΪ⣬ΪΪԼ۹ûְҵˣҲûҪȥЩ
һ·ϵڣԼȴû˿ãλһ·˿һλרҵ״֮¡
ǣ֮ǰŵĳ֣Ҳ޴ĳڰе㽺Ľȴǵһ־֣
һֱԼ츳Էֶǲ²ǣԼ츳ѷɫһ˿˿Ͼ곤꣬ʵһֱѹ״̬ġ
ڣԷרҵϢһźȴԼȫˣκη棡
ȺαƺǩԼŮҲǸӡ
һۣͻصȴҹԼҲò˹ŽС
ԷֻҪڣԼҪôоԽԽˡ
Ϊҹһָ֮ûл˿ʱ˽ԣ˴ŰӺһŽǺ˿
俪һʽʦҲ̽ĶһֻСڣû쳣ڹĴ£ѧǱǻĽ˷ڡ
ҹҲͬʱ˽ȥһȥͺ״һɨһ飬ۼֿϢΪŨƷõ֣˿ռ
һĲƱʯһʢˮСƿӡ
оһҲܿ;ǿŲƱʯе֮γɵıʯд˴ʮȡ
ֱܹʹӡǽգҲֲһ֮ǰԸ˫ͷħʱģ㲻ɡ
ǸСƿӣӦһԪػˮʵãֱûҩʲôģԣЧҲһ㣬ҲƵƷ
ۼֵҲͺǱʯӡ
ֵǧˡ
ȷͨķ䣬ʲô̫ľϲֲǸͨ䣬ĸճƷҲ൱ļֵ
ѧԵһЩӰӰΰʣ˵ֻҪõöĶмֵĶ
˵ҲֵʮǸԴչܵͭЩСܼ۸ԼõʵƷߡ
˽һ̺ˣҲˣͲשˡ
ϾҲһ䣬ʮɨвѧʲôû̵
ͷΪôͬʱ̫˷Чʣ顣
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250 Ԯ
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ٴһڿź޾Թһġᡱ·ڣٿڵ˿ٴη
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255 
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ʱȳͷ̽һҲѾִҹǰһλ㹻רҵ۷ۺ壬ԼλרҵڷΪǿػߣ



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οЩ뻹δͱֱӽˣ
׳ԣôвһЧʻɱô𺳣
Ҫû͵͵ȥӣʱ˵
֮ǰΪҩҹֳͻλǸо亹ֱð
ʱվ룬˵ϵĲкܿһ˵ǵ¼Ӱжħһ㡭


258 츳
ΧĥĥںĺɫҰףֱ
Ϊ·Ǵ¼е㶪ȥľֱӦȥˣרҵ׵Ҳܻ˱˵ϸڡ
֪ԷǿԼһͲ㱻ˣôǰ־ҲǱɲŶԣԼߺֻǲΪԷǿˮѡ
ڣҲޱԼѡ
Ȳ˵ܲӮ⣬˵ҪһҪö˵ɣ
ԼǿϣԼǲϣԼרҵ׵ĴڣǼ˴˾ֱѣԼôɣ
רҵ䣡ɵ´½ڴ¼ˣ
̸һ˻ɱһ˲ɱ
ʣλʦͽʱµһλרҵףȻûк֮ǰľҲͬ˲뷨
Լ۱̫̫ͣˣ
ðķܻɱԷܵõʲô
ǰ𺳻ĳóһƬž֮ļλҲǲŸոհڳ״̬ٶĹҲͲſִ˹ȦȻ˶š
ʶ㣬͵ֵͬʸڶֳҲʾȫ
ԭʲôͽԣǳżһж
ڶԷŰרҵף滹кֽɫۺҲѷɫԼ٣ʵϻռϷ硣
Ҫ벻㹻ۣȴҲȫԼ
ѾԵĻɢˡ
סṱǳȵĿڡ
λˣǷԸ㹻Ĵۣ
ߣרҵ׵Ѹ㣬Щְҵ׵Сȫɱȴǲ⡣
˵ƺҲܵʣµһб˼
λۺȥԸ֮ˣҺλѶԸСӡ
ɵһηֻһЩְҵСвùͶһʧȥĵļһתĿꡣ
壬ӵŹų滹бǹ鷨ʦԮҲ㹻ռϷ磡
ɻɱֻҪԼ߽С֮ǰѹס漴ɣλ壬ƾǵĵƣϵνλħҲҷš
Сӵȷǿܹ˹ϵĻɱǣΪǶ޷ǹԶǴιѾҪԼЭԼͺϣֹڴδ˵Ļͻɣ
Ʒ֮ͫ߱߰ôµţ˵պԼθɣ
ܵյı仯ҹҲ׶ԷѾԼ״̬
ȻѾ˾Ǿͷɡ
ϣʽڿУҹָ̧һ̣ѱƾʧԭء
ѾҲͫһ̧̾жǹ״

ҵĲرʯӶ˷飬һƾճֵսĵɶȥ
Ҳſеɵ׷ȥ
һµħչֵɵǰҲȻ̼䱻˺顣
ӵʱ䣬ǿվš
ǿ
ǿ
Լ֣
ŷֱ۴ԸУԸϵͷ
ΣֱԼ˳˾һ㣬Ϊ㽫ҪԵģʵԼĺ壡
˦ֱۣ㿪ʼֵܷȻ쳣Ǳɽһƺ˵ɵĳΧɱ
ʧȥǵһ֮ٶȵ޷ʱκ֮ǰλʦͬѣݳ޵ʹø־ᣬΧع
һߵҹûԤЧҲü˻һӰˮ˺ѡ
ӲĴأҲǸˮгһɲƣ
ҹǿϣҲ϶ӱи³
֮ǰһȸɵ㡣
ˮɹҹ֮ǰվ֮ϣǺ壬䵭֮ɫ
ȻܹҺϺˮ츳ǹǷͬ޽⣡
ǱߣԷıƷֱٱһ㣬ʱȷ޷
ûĸԸǰܹͬʱѹƹ˵ļһ
ԼǶ֣
ոˮ͸¶ĹݣԶԼ֮ϣ

һƺߴһӰɶ֮ǰǺë
ֱֻ۶Ť˹״ѪѣһۺסҪİţھѾˡ
˴󲿷עڹϣԭ۹嶼ʱ򣬰Գרҵ׵ʵ˲ĿսԱ޷ʹ˿Ҫ۵ö࣡
ƺߵĶѿ춥ס˰ǰɻνλħûãƾۺҪǿ𣿡
һ߸߶Ƚ䱸Ǻ壬ҹͬڶҡԷľġ
ˣ
λҹﶯҡ̤أܼɢʯǷ˱ѡ
Ϊ㻹л᲼ó㹻ӰҵĽ𣿿ɱҵרҵװ
ƻ˼֪еĹ֮أλۺ˱㻯һӰڿиת


259 

ٽסԷһ޴ҹƽƣµ֮ˮڱºֱɢɵˮ飡
¿Ʒ֮ͫǿ󶴲ϵҲ࣬ˮҲϴһѪۣҹҲʶ˺Ѳ
ΪˮԼ֮ϣ
ΣԵֵ
жԷ˺һ壡
ûɽڵĸýĵҲھȻǱԷ
߱߿µǿʣԪϣԼ׹͵ôGGˡ
ǹ˼ɵԷԭ
ӵе츳𣿣
һˮȭӰɢɿתˮɵĺͷҲһ˿̵Ц⡣
ֵܹڣⰡȻֶζ£͵ıʵԣȴֻͨѣܹѾ㹻Ժˣ԰ĵȥɣ
֮ǰҹһᣬѾɱһۺ壬ΪռϷǴսѾȫһߵҲԸʱ䡣
޳ˮ޳Σ
㻹ʲôֵ
ѾȫʧƺֱҺ̬ʽӿ֫ĵˮҹնɱȥ
һежռ䣬Ҫ۾޷׽·ߡ
ƵҹҲֻۣǿнӡһ޴ͫ׸ͷϷԼѹͫһԵĳǺȥ
ɶԷʵλϺͳ̶ȣԻδ㹻õȴҲֻӰ졣
ֻܽǰһεΣ
һɭҴʦ齣Ĵ̻նԷΪܵ۵ͼӾϻԷ֮ʱ
Ѿ֮ǰĳѣݵɢ̬ˮԶȥҹķˡ
ѾˣȻѾˣǻǴŲʵȥɣ
ɢˮᣬһЦ׼ҹһ
ˮɵ
ңͲһ㰡ոյܻ۵ĸһЩܹӰʱپһԼ㹻شˣ
뿪˽磬Լֵֻܵز
ʹ᣿
ˣǽ͵ʲôҪñ˵ȡԼĹ͵


һ̣ҹѪͫеķģʼȫ෴ĵת͵Ĵ̼Լոͻ߱ʱһģһ
ǰϳֳȥĻ档
һֱһߵüܣȻһεľ̼ȴҹݿתƺǲ׽һ˵¹켣
лӰϵĻݣԷ϶ɵˮҲٵ˻ԭٴγʵ֮ǰԭȵλá
ƽƺȻһ֮ǰǵնһɼǵ˿ڣʵ֮ϡ
ҹл棬ƺֻܿȥӰ񣬾¼һ㣬ƾһնǺҲǶԷĵ޷ԼĹ
ӿЦĽû˿ͣ٣ܹǽķһҪġ
ۡ
ѾҹΧ˶ȥˮ̼䱻Ⱦ˺ɫ
ƺڲӿѪҺһ㡣
һ̱һѸٵˣԶ˺
ֻԭһĿϣʱȴһɼǵնۣ
ȡ
ȳһѪλţոշʲô
Լ˵ģ
Ѿˣ
˫ĿѪ۵ҹȫ޷ܡ
նĻͻӣͻ
ҹɳƶɬƺͬܵ˾޴ĸɡ
ո˳Ӧ֮ѭն˶ԷĹȥ֮ϣ
ת
ʱշã֮ϵãⴿǿݿĽǿзǿ󹥻ӲҪ˵ƣԳƺΪ
ǿзһҹ״̬ǺܺãԵλ״̬ȴ⡣
һûҪȴҲѾˣصĻǡ齣ĸ棬֮ϵĳ
Ѿ޷Ƶˣӱնһ㣡
ϵʧأ־ᶨרҵ׺Уһֶδ֪Ŀ־ϵѹ֡
ʲô
ʲô
ԼˮûЧԼϵƷҲûܼ
ΪӵֶεĻ壬һθܵԼ֮
۰
𵴣ٴ³һѪѾڵصĺ壬ѵĿŲҪóҩ
Ȼһ̣һѾ͸ĶͷֱӶ˵ϣҹһʬ嶼˿ռ
ͷ׼Ȼ峡
ҹߵ˲ת˶Щ⧲ľһνλħҪԮ
ԷڸһλۺħƷǿסƬսϳѾһ浹ˡ
Űŵͻ𣬻йڣʣһۺżУѾȫ޷ֵ
һ߱ҹڳʼٿصɽڵ㣬ҲɶΧɱ
Ϊĵһ⺣壬һֱֵҶδҡû뵽㾹Ȼܹɱܹɱһ壿
ȵЦ
ԣǼʶʶǹưɣ
䣡
һȦɢ
ҹԭɺΧγУ̼䱻ڶһɾɷ顣
ëڵ㣬ٵĵɳҹķϳ״ҹȴԸܵнҽڵ𻵡
Ҫ޲ܷ֮ܣ
Ǹʲô
ʱĵصһ紵谭ߵĳ
¶һĹײģЦݵվײĵһࡣ
꣡
׸ǵ䣬¶ڲΡ
һȫһ㣬ֻǿͷһƤ֮ڡ
Źͷɶĺ֮˶۾
һΡɽһĿ۾ӿ
ֻǾϵľѹȣȻѾɨһȦۿɼŤΪɢ
ʦǿߣ


260 ʦ֮
ôᣡǲʦ׳ֵģڵѹƲ
֮ɫһϣȴͷһĸо
ϵνλħǵ˼˼ŪħƷΪľܹͬڲ򣬾ܵķӳνλħĹЧ
ڣԷȻֱӳһλ
¿ȥһλĺĴʦףҲǻʵĴڣ
ǰʹνλħһֱӻɣԹ꣬һֱӻɱһʵѷɫԼٵۺ塣
Աֱܹӷӳֲܵʦףȴȫˣ
ԼеĵʵѾ㣬ǿˣԱȺʥѪԱȱֱʣȴǲ̫ࡣ
嶼ǿܣϾ˼ʥλǿߣǲȡʲôֶΣ
٣ʶǿɱ֪֮ö࣬ƿҲȻ
Ц˵
ҹȻû˵ȴҲ忴ǵַǽʱλʦ׶ַӡļ״̬һλĴʦǿߣ
Źɢȣ
ңһλϵְҵѪȶܱȲͬħƭȴǾѣʦѪϵȷ̶ֳܹȡ
ǼѧԺĲֻ࣬мǿԸΪס
Ϊº󲻹Σλʦǿ߶Ǳɣ
վվǵһ
Ϊοʼҹһ˲Ҫĳ嶯ΪҹȶΧ
Ϊıƣ
ǿ£ҹĺѹûܿҵ£ҹ˺Ķ֣
ΪĵѾƳˣĿºǿϵġ
ͳʦףǲҪը
һӰ۾Ѫ˲ͣʼñйȻȻԵúѾӵ˵̬
ϵǿҲڼ֪Ҫָò׸Ǻ壬ԼҲǺҹԴҲΪ
ǡС򣿡
ָɿĴʦǿߣг˶ݵãȻƲͷǺԼѪӰ
Ϊһ޵ǰȫĽ˯ļˣ֪ҪԼʲôҲ޷ǰ֪ͨ
ѹ󶼻ЩŪڵ״
棬ҡ
˵
̧ͷ˿ܣЩп˵
û뵽㶼ôˣרҵ۷壬ܲǻ߳һȻǼľҵȻҲֵ֧ģôҪ˶𣿡
һȫ͸ͺ˵һ䣬֮ˣʣµλۺ嶼Ǹе쳣䡣
ǵ棬Щ֮ˣ⣬ϣܹ׽ǸˣʲôܣƷ֮ͫͬʱתְ߱ߣ
ȻһĹɫȻѾǾͲκ⣡
Ϊ֮ǰǴʦ۷ĳǿߣ·ѪڣҲƥŵĴʦ
ĻѾǿ͸ߣҲһ˲±ơ
Сҳ˯ʱﵽ׷ʲôôֶ
һֱλʦǿ߶һֿ͸ķƵֻһЩ̲סˡ
Ҳ֪ԲҪץ
˳ǣĿɬ
ϧԳΪһģȻˣҲҪ˷ˣץסҩֶϴļ䣬Ƴɼ廤Ҳһ
ơ
ֱ˵Ǿڳ˵ˣȻȴһȻĸо
ûѳɹ̻ӣиӺͬǱվеҹ
ǣ϶Ҳ˱ڵĶ󣬵˵ȴûСҰ
ףǿֱ㳯ҹķץȥ
ƽһץԶһȴѾҹǰƺһɲǾܹץסԴ
ҹܵĿƺȫΪ޴ѹҺ
ҹһֱ߶ȼо˷ȻֻܹѪ֮ĪӰǿһץķΧ
˿ֿûУ
ףΪ
һץץգϲɳһ˿Ȼĺ蹵Էܹһ԰ˡ
ǱԷһץҹ־ͳһմնɱȥҲɸее֡
һ̣ȴһΣиͷ
ԼȻСĪļΣУ

նԼȥĲӰ֮ϣλʦȴѣѪۣݵϳݺύѪۡ
ȴҲֹѪۣ
ǿȥƲһ壬ȴɽɣҹѾһУֻЧȴ۾ɳˡ
νĴʦף
ҹ𾪵ͬʱλӦ͸ŸԲۡ
걾ץСеԼȻȱСץˣ
СӹȻйŹ֣
ȫˣ˰ǡĻߵһ˰Ҳ֪ǲӦøл¶ľģ
һɫҹϵϢĶҲ΢Щɵü󳷡
Էȼպôϧݺòϰ
ɣ
Ŀѣ֪ҹһƵᣬۼֵҹһ˱ʮλѧҪҪ
ǰԼڵˣҲھȻƵȼպģΪҪ
뵽ϵϢͬΪֻżʦ׵ȼպĺǽʣһνλħҲЩֵĻᣡ
ա
ȼŽɫưļϣֱӷֹľٶ
ҪҵĳԱ尡ģǺһˡ
ȴԭеҹƾճ˹࣬ԡŽɫ棬ɢһ˳ĤݵԹԣ
ʦ֮ƻ༤ʯγһУ
Ա߸˵˿㶣ȫ޷ԼеĸоΪΣΪζԷϻһϢ


261 ģʽ
񱩵ϵҹںֱײʱʮöȫ˷飡
ʮģȴΪṹȴȻչţ
չʮ츳ĴǿɱŰȴȻǿܵ˿ƣӿڶûг壡
ȫŹϢĵطνҲȫʧҹⱩŰ𵴶ٳרҵȥ
ȼպĵḺ́һֲģԭ¿ǿҲ޷ǷĺƬᡣ
ҹȴӵһܵճϼ֮
ʹӡȫдȣȫεԸγһҪᣬԾͻĸ
ݿȫ֮£ƽˮһ㣬ת
ҹѰҳͻƷѸٵһ
ݿ֧ƶҲֻвɣ
ɣ
ǾѾˣ
˿ܻȴһ
ԸճкͣѸӿ꣬ҹγһ֣Լȫ֪ȫܣԼ³ܵĸо
ƺ˵嶼ӽǶһϵ۹۸
ֱ仯ԼԤЩ룬ȼյ״̬£𵥴ͻƻҪǿܲôˣ
Ϲ
ΪҹȼպֱͬھǴʦֻҪûɣѡʱùҲҹʱʱ䡣
ȵֶԷǴͳϵȼպ֮ʱҹѾȼŽɫ棬̤֮ϣĶ·ߡ
רҵˣԣʲô
Դʦ׵ķḻҲȫŪ⵽ʲôֻгһΣ֮С
ʲôҲ֪оҹҳ֮Ϊģʽ
еҹһϰǱըһһ䵭Ļ￪ڵ
λȻЩ֮ǰʥѪ˵
һֶ״̬Եĸǹ۶ƺֱɣΪԾ
װŪ
ѹͷļ£һȼպģͻƵרҵףͻƵרҵ׺ٴȼպģҲ㣡
ʦףô򵥡
ۡ
һ̣λ߱һڵһĵײͷұ֮ϣʯһӡǡ
ԱͻȻо治˵ȫûӦʲô
Ӳתͷȥ㿴ԭվλǵɫӰ
ţ㰭ְţԻɡ
ܵĿ⣬ҹͬͷƳһֱָۣһһͷ­һı˿
ͷʬҡһԵڵأ
ּɴʦǿߣ˲ɱͻȻı仯˶⧲
ֹĹһ±ơ
ʵ֮ǰһһֱܱ̬ˣǺ嶼ˣ֮ǰǲһء
ǰ£Ǿȫʲôˣ

Լĺ󱲱ɱ״Ǳ֮ˣҲΪ˼巢ȣȴ£żĺӣδɱԼǰ
ŭ𼸺˺顣
Ҳ޷ֿ͸̬ҪҲҪȫᣬҲҪʹ
һ̣Ըٶȣֱƽҹȥ
һϸͻȻУҹȥ
ǿĴ͸ڿռһ˿һĺߣ
գϵĽա
Ǵʦ׵ķʦҪһѣλȴϵˣ
ռ䶼ܻƣһܴ͸
һ̣һָȴ˽⣬Ǵ͸֮Ȼֹһͣ
ôܣ
ǺεֶΣ
ԶԷ֮ǰԼԷܵס֣赭дĵ²ŶԣǺүҲԼУ
ûʲôֵģȻ㻮һ˿˿ռ䣬ֻҪ£סˡ
ָ£ϸȻڿУҹ赭д˵
˵ףڶԷֱ췽ҹ̷
Ȼ̫첻УҾͿƵǡɵļޣ
ݵĳϸͬʱʮӰҹȫΧؽǶȷ˵Ĺ
ԴˣҹֻһգϽɫĻ漯ᣬֱγһѽɫ־ĵֵ
ÿλӶ赭дٶէһҲǺܿ죬ȴĪǿ籩һĹȫ£
ƺֻҪҹĹΧеĹͱ밴־ִУ
ҪҪ
޽󣬼ֱǴʦг˾ֵӦλ
ʧҲ֪Լʱ䲻ˡ
޷ҲҪ
ԭĿˣٳѪƺһ˲ָ׳꣬ںһͬȫ顣
֮ǰҹȴƾʧԭأһʱ侹֪﹥
˶ˣҪҴ
˱֮£תȫѪѪԼȼպĵȫѪۣ֮ѧȥ
Ѫ֮γһνλħҪֲѪɫһλʦǿȼһ
·ϵһ谭
Ȼ޷㣬Ǿͻϧˣ
֮ѧǣ˿£ȫ޷ͷĹҲ˾
ͱҪķȫֻܵȴ˵Ľ١
һ̣һɫӰǳǲ֮ǰ
־߾ϲķֶԷȻֻͷҲһֽѵɫ
ڣð
&Ͻ磡
Įһ͸ıĤȻ֣һѪɫƾͺⱡĤ֮ϣ
䣡
ʯ˾ҲѪ첨ǰһж𣬵϶һֱͨȥۡ
ɢȥǿ־ҪȴţǰȻγһ֮ѧվ֮Ϊ͹ġˡұڡ
վ֮͹𣬶ǳվ֮⣬ȫѪɫƹγĹ֣
ʲô᲻ɴݵ֮ǰѪɫȫָǵɫӰȻ
ǡû뵽Ľ
Ĳʣߵ𽥻ĩΪһ޵ǰҷӡȴһȵķӡ
ȴĽ
ˡ


ڰ˾ һǣ


262 ӡ
̯ǰƶð̣ʦ˷ĩҹͷƳһǻҴʣһλۺ塣
ڶԷֵָһ̶Էͺ龵еĻһ㿪һ⡣
һºҹϵĽɫȫϨ
˵Ϣ˥еһ㡣
ɫһƬҰףͺȱɫͿӣҡº󣬱İŷס
ıѹǳʶľȣһݺ˵
㰡㻹ʲôԸ˵ǾƴҲ
ԱȺѧǣʱҲܶ඼޵ϡﻩΪһֱеѧǸԵʱ򣬶ȫûеֿ
ʵҲޣ˵۵߸ǻҪȹСö࣬ĻǱĸж
ҹĶ䣬Ҫһ󼫶
鷳㣬βɣһˡ
ͳƿҩҹ޾˵
εľٶԼ֮ǰиݿжģ⣬߱ߵص϶ԵоĳĶ
ʱΪǼӴͻϵУȻȻֱܹרҵ׵ˡ
ȼȼպģõ֮ǰʱڿëġ&Ľ棬Լд֮Ϊȼϡ
ְҵʧʧܴھֻд浽СˣӻڣֻҪָ׾רҵ߱ߣȹȥȫʢʱڻҪǿö࣡
ȻȵӣָҪһʱǣУʹӡдҲȫûˡ
εľٶзգջСʧܾͱضݿĵ޷ȷ

ȺһǵӰɣԼվͦˡ
ȼյʱƺ޼ƺ鶼վԼԼη壡
ΣĹͷѾȥھֻʣβˡ
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266 
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ҹŵͼȻţҲеǵ·߻ѡ
ɵ¶֮·ߣΪĹؿܲŲòѡ
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νӦˣҲһرǶԷܿһ·⵽Χ׷½ص¡
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ŮͬȥҹʵҲȥʲôְҵ׵һˡʲôͷעصĻǺԼصһЩС顣
ڱҹӵ´󣬱һĸں棬һ˵ӡ
С㲻źˣԼȥԼϢɡ
ҹû̬ȣվҵĵķͧͷϣ·ϤĳУҹҲип
ܵ㱻ͷҲ׬ȡ˵һͰ𰡣죬ٴ̤Щ廳


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ֳֻŵ˲ȫ㲻״
ҹûиѯʵĻᣬֱӾֱ߳ħһξֱʧԭء

塣
ǰҲãĴҲգһֱǵ
żѪһѱټūг
ʱլУΪ˹ֻЦվԣƺڲϽʲô
ϵȴ˿ûᣬԹԵ˵
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˵Ҳ˹ѿɫԹԵԱ߱Ŀһλ˵
֮Ǳ治Ҫ𣿡
ĿЩǵ۾ڵ
߱ʱ³Ķֻһʲô˲ӣҪעֻһŵ˼ĵŮǰŵ˼ԮģĶԸ޹ء
ĺ٣ڵŵ˼سȡ㣬ΪǣǸʲôҹʦֳˣ֪롯뵽𡣡
һİȻǡ롱ֵʱ򻹼ҧ࣬Сطܹһѱ޼壬ܳһҩʦҲѵá
Լִʱ˰ɣǼ̳˳ҲǲһԼʵȻܶ࣬ȴ
һרҵ𣬺ҵİ졣
Ȼʱһе㱧ԹȴǴ


269 ໥
ʲôˣ
ԭ±Ŀߣ۾һɨ֮ǰĻǣһȦΪɢ
صĺרҵ׶еѹѾʵʻ
ԭԱЦİҼȫɺ֮ѹڵأĿɬͺȻ
ԷȻƾϢܽԼѹȵú޷˭öԷʧ̬
˵λǹİҼλϵˣܵѹĲɫ԰
ǲŭˣʲôˣ
ѽ˼һصĺðαء
ҹӴһǵӰл߳ǹѹ˿ϣһ¶ߵͷ
īʲôϢ浣ıᰲʲô׵㣬ڿƺԼˡ
ҲŶǱһרҵ׶ûеĳУרҵо㹻ƽˣοһλרҵ۷ĺݽɫòҩģϢ㹻ǿȴȶ
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ܹҵǣԷȻû͵Ϯֻǹʲôġ
ߣ»ŶҲνˣΪרҵڰԼɵ֣ȻѾĵҲûˡ
һ뵽Ϣʢ֡
ողǶ̸ҵ𣬻Ҫš
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ȻԷԼв߲ŭЦһһΪһͻƵרҵ͵С
ȤʱҪöԷͬΪרҵףҲź蹵һĲˣ
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һǰQıˣһӾˣţŶҪǸϲĶˣͦʱ䣬õġ
µͷҹǹһ˿аЦݡ

ǰһħӥҲü
СطҲе˵ħʦʦԼӦҲ÷һֽš
ǿйƵĻº֣ƻҲ˵㣬վǸħʦķֻᣬǺˡ
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Ϊ֮ˣԼʦ̽鷨ûȫ͸ȴѾ㹻֤ʵԷרҵ״еݣ
ˣмְҵһ߼ְҵ
īԼʦƣλҪѰְҵףרҵ״Уȴǵ㡣
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ͻȻ뵽ʲôīٵˮӽǣγϷչ۲⣬Ȼһĺڵ㡣
ǷħޣԷһרҵ
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ҪǸȴʦиֵͷǵȤѧУͱϵΪܹ򵥵ˡ
οԼĺˣ
˰


270 ħ
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·ī᳤ȻʱȣҲͳ˵ˣ֮ǰмλ˸µķʦֻҪԼ̸̸ѡ
ҵļλѣҵʵ֣Ըµĺ⣬ֻˡ
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ڶ
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ʦǿȫģʦרҵҲȷѹˣ

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ðɣҹȥʱոպôûǱѾ˹ˣֻ˵ҪԼ
ȵתϵļһգҹȴҲЩˡ


271 ѶϢ
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ȷһܻԼͻԼŵŮˡ
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ֻҪ˿ǵ죬ܹʡԼܶ鷳

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ԱȻͷҲרҵ۷壬ʵҪ̫ˣ̸Ǻˡ
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Ӧרر׵ƷԼֵĵһʱԷѹû뵽ʹãȻֲãҲûҪˣװױԼ
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֧еֶ֧ӵûʲôӵĺҲǰ֧ȴӵһʦǿ򣡣
ƺǺǿ
ǰҹѾͻƵרҵףרҵ׵߱ߣ¸ոճ룬ҲΪҪרҵڵӶ֮ˡ
Ҫֱӿ׶ԸʦǿߣȴȻûס
˵רҵ׻ϿҩۺģĴʦ˵ִʦеٮٮ߾е鷳ˡ
ΨһйһζԿʦ׵ľ飬һϼһȫûʲôռֵ
ҹҲ֪Լļ
֮Ǳж൱ӰҪɱӺȫԼͳηΧΪ֮˵ļ塣
֮ͬҪӦе
ֻĿǰ״˵Ϊʦǣ֮±ؽȻ֣ԻҵѾʧ֡
ǲдѪȲ֮Ĵӿǡ
ȥͱǸģȴĪ֮м䡣
ԼѾǼһԮˣԴʱ֪ĵзδжգԷٴðԮǾǼˡ


272 Ͷ
ڰֻΪʱҺܹģרҵƫԶСǵȷǿ󣬵Һȴ㲻ʲô
ҡԴѹǸˣǰԼǰҹæ˵
ģҾǺһ֮ǰʳ鱨ѡ
ҹŶԷ۾һν˵òҲ˿ԷȷǼɵԼ塣
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Ŷƺ֪һЩ˲õϢء
ЩüëҹҲʼ鱨˶Թ

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ʮʱ䣬ԭڻĳ˼Ҳ࣬ϱӰ죬кܴĿԡ
رֻҪʱеʲô΢ѹһ¸ѹʲôģܹ߾ٴĴ졣
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˹۽ɲʲôԷǲҩģרҵ۷רҵ۷壬ҩҲ㹻ԼȫƳһһ
οԷһǿҩʦӶԷߺ˹ҩܿԷҩԶԶ͹ˡ
ֳǱɣֻҪδʥλΪӣðʲô
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273 Ե
ѧһֻӴľӥϣľ磬·ƶľɫҹҲЩд
Ǿܾ˶Է;ӥΪȻǽãȴȻꡣ
׼ȥðˣԼȴŶԼļ˷ա
ǱͶҲãʹҲգʵʵ
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ҹ˵ͷƳһ۱ǲмƲƲ죬УʲôãԼ˫۾ǰٽûá
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㻻λʦ͹ȥˣ϶Ǩ͵ԼؼңٻͷԼģù֡
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С͵̶ӻר͸ֲƷ
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СмӲľΧǽڴż˰Ա˰ҪԵ̶ӣðߵȸ˰ӭߡ
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ҹԼ񣬲Ҳͣ˼ظ֤
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ڲİΣҹǺĵģСԼ˽֮ǰҲְҵ׵ϢѣֹģСǲˣԲ۷ʵǻȫܹƽ˵ġ
ʵ״˵Сӵְҵ׶ǳˣְҵȹﵽһĵطһ㶼ǳУͳвܴﵽǧһ


274 ְҵư
СΪҪĹϵڲҲȫӶ͵ᶼڡ
ҶԱЩеһ㶼ڻɫشϲͬΪطСĹϵἸǰ빫ˡ
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ҹοƵĶԷļϿȥǰοǷԱȴɫ΢΢һ
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Ͼ֮˵ȽϺϡ


275 Ѿ
дҪʰôǴ̽ϢĻü롣
Ƿһ˵ƺ⡰֮Ҳܲð
СطǿĿЩżҲһЩǿ֮ôĻټϴιȻΥصɱˡ
򳤴ȥۻˣķŶһ٣ǳפһְҵף֮ǸְСطǲŶǸļһкܶ಻̫ͣСƶ췭ظˡ
Ƿ˵ṩ鱨˵Ǵ߿ˮ
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ҹԼȴͰǴпռԵͰ
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Ȼҹȥ򡭡ȡһǸӵζʱǷʲôͬ
ΪԱ߻Ҳͬ죬Ϊ˱ֹֺĳ嶯


277 
ǱҲ̫ˡ
еƷԼһݣҹսʾΡ
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ףⲻϻôŮҪ޹麦ޣʱںԱȣ϶ǽӴ߼õ㡣
Բ
ͲһһŴϣһ佫ϣͬʱٸǶһ磬ҹҲǲˡ

һ롣
˶䱣úһʱ䣬ÿ״򲻶㶨ʱòõҹҲͻȻͣסϵĶ˾Ʊ
ǵЧʻǲƫƧĵط֤鱨ΪҪȼġ
ҹп̾Ƶ˵籾ûʲô˵òΪĻصǱøӿյ
ߣװǻƣ
űһ߿Ƥףò°˫ӣͬ˽
˶һͷɫͷòҲһģӡģֻһɫһɫһֵܡ
ӦʲôѪ
гһ˿⣬ҹתžƱ
ֵô˵ǵѪ̫֮ǿ˫۾޷ͬһ֮ϣÿξѪĳԱȻһ˫̥ôеоֵء
һèϷ̬ҹˣֱʱǱ㶡
ǲǺרűɼùģרҵϵͬţû֪ǲŶԣô
֮ǰõ֮ϢǵȷлɣҲЩȣųˡ
֮صعԮˣôߵ
λߺͲҪǣƣɵ´½֮ǴھƣԮҲ͵͵ľˡ
Ҵʦֲε϶޷ĶĿ˫ÿһʦ϶縺Ρ
κһطĵ붼޷ɫ
רҵף˴嶯
ֻ֮ɴӵרҵ̫ɢҲڽרҵ׵ʦ߶ԲŻ޷ȫж
ʵɣɵ´½Ҳֻ̣֮רҵףרҵУϱһҰߵרҵȷ඼֮ˡ
ΪԪؾһǵõϢϸ󣬱ǵóһλɴѧʪ顣
ȻǿӰ֣Ϊ˱鷳ǾִǰԹųⲻȷء
ԷԼ˺̬е㲻Ծ
ΪһֱһжͶλһˣĽûо˶Է˼Ϊ
ˣΪ˱ǵĴ˷ϵԴҿصΪ׼˴ģӭҵħ
ٴһɺƣҹٱʾ⣬˸Ĺ⻪

ùŵļˣûĶҲƺǸеЩ֡
ôû֡
ǵٴǿˣ֮רҵʦҲϢ¡
ûһεжаλȥûô鷳¶ˡ
ߣλ˵ǰǲعġ
˶εҲǳģλ˺ǿֲѪרҵڼ޵֡
Ǵʳ۷ĴڣҲᰲǽж½ˡ
ôѵĶҲһĴʦ
еķľǣһ֧ͬصĶ飬ڶûϵϣҩֻþĴйȻЩס
˭˼Ǳء
Ȼڿ˵רҵ׺ҩۺĵĶǷЩרҵ׶˵Ըﰡ
ְҵ׾Ҳȴɱɱרҵ״гżʱһˣλʵ̫
ɡ
м򵥽ʱСùݵűĪԼ˿
ڶһƬƺк紵
ǼλְҵףĪһĵ׷ĸо
ǡǽǽȥ𣿡
Ӧǵİɡ
ȥ

㿴ңҿ㣬һλĴͷ֮£ǳŴ򿪷ŵùȥ
һ˽󣬴򿪵Ĵţִľͷĸ֨رա

ŪϲһħͨѶҹҲһ˿ζ
һ֧ǰصĶˣһ뼸򶼺ܽĳС
ͬǽӵһͨѶ󣬸غϣ׼ء
׼Ϻ󷽵׷ǰ½ء
ȻĽʣµľֻ֧׷ɱˡ
ʧȥǰΧ£󷽵׷ɱӵ˺ѡܹ١


278 
һԽôˣҹûʲôùϰŪˣֵҲֱӿһ㶨
ȵƵѧѹ֮ǰʲô¶֪
ֻǷְ˷ϵʦʼӳоıоֻڶҺ顣
ԷʱͳԹоĽζģǷθ
УǳóЩòãСʦҲŮѵġ
ҹǰҡһ£һû취˵
Уʲô߼ѪװŪ
Ҳ֪ǲλŮͬѧĻãҹǽǱԹͬʱҲֹʲô
Ϊһֻϸķʦоͺˮ׼֮ϵġ
ȫɺҲǷ˾ĸǿľ־йȻɢеԼĹ
һܹסʵĴڡ
ڶܹѹͫԽô༶Ӱ˵ҹ˵ֱ
ȫ˸˷ĳ͵档
ֶȻ˱ʲôӳ΢еˢҹʶ
ˣ쿪ʼȥʪڲȥתת
ļ¿еԼʳҹһ߾׽һ߶˵ǶĻ֣ڽѵķΧȦСһȦԸһĹȥȴˡ
ȻһǰˣǿŲס˵ӡ
춼һԣһֵľƺǾ͸оԼƺлò;Ҫйһ¡
ŵȻҲֻȵĸоʪĶؼ̽׵С˼ȫѹȥˣһĲˡ

һֻ߰׳ʪϵĿٱܣȫ̤ˮУΣǰƺûκǰ
ıϣʱȴվӰ
ֻǴСĺʮ겻ְҵ׵ˡ
һʦۣϲ˸͸Ѫյķʦڲϵĵʲô
ֻ֣ͻȻѳĸ󣬳ķܶȥ
ǷĻ󣬵ЩȻܹӵȫһԣҲͬὦˮ
ȫԼ棬һ൱ߵȵĸŷ
ȿȡ
ͷħʦƺǣ˿ڣʼϿûжѪɫӣøӲ԰
үү
һСкץס˵ĳۣỨСǵǣƺ˵ģǿŲ
ģүүûµġ
ϷʦÿݸСкͷȰɫСкŵҲ
ϣǰ
һھᱳϵĵϣͷףȥʮ̲ס˵
ǵҰģ³ҲҪǣûðԮʣµҲû취ӳ
ϷʦɫȻûʲô
屻٣󱲲ԼǰʹȫǿľѹڻԶδȫʱ򣬲ǳڱ˵ʱ
Խ˵ĵȻڵλ˵ȴԽǸе
뱲Ӷ֮ˣȵͻƴʦҲڵʱǻؼϣλϷʦ뱲Ӷ׸˽ҵ
ȻѧԺȻһȵû취
ֹؼʱԼһλʦǿߣȴֻصѹԷļ֮ϣѹԺҪ곤ֵϣ
뵽˿ҲϵʹͳһöħͨѶˮ
ѧУרͨѶˮѾֻʣһöˣùǹעһ˫Ҳûϵķʽ
ѧԺڵԮ뼺ӦûԶ
ңԮ֣ѧУͳ㹻ڴʦ׷ԱĶ𣬻᲻ᷴǣ
ʦǿ߲ܵĻЯһЩʦħƷĶ飬ȻĶǸ׷ĵˣȴûʲôô
Լˣɲλؽ˵ģȫǰݴʱ׷ͣ
͵Ʒ֮ʱȫù⣬ڲ֪ܳŶã
ţ
ȻʱץʱڤϷʦȴ۾վЩ̾Ϣ˵
ոһ߻ѾˣͶԷٶȣһܹƭԷĿԲˡ
ֵڣԼѾˣǿ˿ǿлɱ˶ԷһóרҵʦԼû취ŵڡ
ϷʦĻ˿ͬĿ̾ϢеͨѶ֮γһֱӶ˵
лλ֧ԮѾˣǱǸûѧУûػһ֧飬Ѿ׷ˣҲҪνˡ
û׷ϣԮʵҲܹнӦҴĸƷҩҲܹհף䡣
Ѿˣܹ㹻ͶԷһѵ⣬ѰԮѾá
ȻǸˣ˵⣬ѧУûܹѹסԷ


279 Ӧ
ˣѾֹˣԷıѾԶ
һ۷ʦһǰĶȥͨͨƤ˵
ϵĳ۴ŻϵʦȴѾܹշУרҵ״ʦ
ԷʦĽλ߽λϵְҵҲ¶̬ȣʱʦȴҳ֡
ԱǵϷϷǲ̫Щ
˲еĳһľȻı˵ƺڳʲôһ
ʦȫһҪͣȴ޷ڡ
ԷķʦȻԼͬרҵȴԼ֪ʶҲͬԼļܹǿճžѾԼŬˡ
ɸɺͽ͵Ļߣȴǻһϴ
ܡ
ȻѾаղ׽ˣǾͿ㡣
ǡ
˿֮ʦٴڿնλźүλ⣬ǺҲ
ǵһҲΪˣΪҪһǳ
ȻʦѪʵĻȴԳΪʦ֮µһˣ
֮λʦ۷ͼݳҲǶ֣
׷ɱ鵱ӦĴʦֻǼμ򵥵ֵѾ˴
˵ʦ䣬רҵ׵ɵ¶Ǵ£ʵﵽһκҪܼ򵥣ɱȴϼѣλ˾Ե˻ɱʦ׵Ŀֲڡ
ǷʦǰҲҪ¸߰ͷ­

ʦͨѶɶ˼ǲʲô
һֻħʬϵ죬ҹѾõͨˮɿʵ
ʦһ·ϵľٶȷ̫ˣɡ
ټϵʶʦΣеĻȻǸˣڼʦͻȻֵĴѶ򣬼ֱʵԼĲ롣
е㳬ԤƣôҪ׷ˣҲûʲôˣǻϺȡ
ҹѾѿˮ૵˵
⼸һһǴڻǸ߼ְҵʵ㹻ڱָ£߽չ˺;Ȼˣиȫû⡣
ǽӦ£ڼȻҪ׷ˣǾֻƴȭͷ
źʵʱ𲻵á
ҹ˦һ죬Լ̯֮ɿ˲ƿϳƲ㣬ɡ״쫷罫ӵ涼һ޴ݡ
Լ׽ħ򼲳۶ȥ
׼˵ᣬĿĹ֪ˣǰƽԭýӦ׼

ٵԴαװ磬ԶĹѧħ̽⡣
Ħޡվھᱳϣ˿ڲ϶񻯵սѣɫҲԽԽء
һα׷ϣֻԼͬʱȼպĲǣһܲӳȥҲֻܿ컯ˡ
ھᱳϣһŮϲͷϺˮĿ˿ٴοȳһѪҲһ˿ɬ
ʧ˲ϣûȫʢʱȼպĲһѣǸˡ
ƶ񻯵ڣԼȼպҲ޷ԶԷʲôвˡ
չŮϸĵĲǵѪգСͳƿҩˮߵС
˭ûϵǸ˾Ȼǿ󣬱ΪλϺѾˣȴû뵽Ȼһֱʡ
ΪٶѾӽͷĴʦĦޡľߣʱܹһƽ̬
תͷԳ⣬жʮһ˵
ƣҺǿ˿үүҪ׷ЩܵǾͽչˡ
үү
ơ۾ͨ죬Щʵ˵Ҳе˼ϵشΡ
ʱĦޡȴɫһ
δȵӦ
յƲ㱻ƿһɫӰֱ׹£һ̾͹ᴩ˾Դαװ磬վ˾ᱳϡ
Լˣ
һְס׼ȼպĵĿ˿֣Ҹ¼һӰҹҲеЩ֡
ǲ˵Ѿ׷𣬸Ҷûעȫٹˡ
ϱҹֹ˵Ŀ˿֣ȵɫСӸոձϢҲרҵףȴ׾ٵֹ׼ȼպĵԼ
ȻԼˣֻǲӣѰרҵ׻ȫ
˶ԷҸ¼ŵһԵĳ۷ʦ
ʦϵã׷Լɱһλʣµרҵʦ
ҲǶԷܹһ·ϵԼԭ
Ŷҿʲôʲôķʦץˣǵ𣿡
ǻԵķʦϣΪȷǵоѾҹû֣һƿҩ۲ƿ˿˿˽ȥ
ǵˣʣµսЩˡ
Ħޡ򻺻Ŀ˵ҹͻȻ֣Ҳǿʼ׼ʱ򲨶¡
Լ˺ָֻƽ
λĺϷʦȻԷֻרҵ׵ϢȴȻҹеһ˿˿Σգ֮ǰ˫̥ûܸԼĸо
ǿ
ϧȥûˣҲûʣ¼ˡ
Ӧþλݵ֮ʦˡ
ΪӵϢʱΪѾ׷ˣٶȿ˵㣬ڵĻ׷ٵѾǵټˡ
ǿй̵ҹ̧ͷ죬Ƕ䱻ԼƿµƲƺЩΣʵ
˽֧׷ٶ飬ڸƨɺĸ
鷳һ֧˿־Ǳһλʦ˳ģȻܸл֧Ԯڻǿװ߰ɡ
Ħޡƽ˵
⻰ҲȷҹЩȣ˿־Ǹڻǳλʦҹ֪ģ֮սʿϵΣ
ʵڴʦ³Ʋ⣬ҲٮٮˣҲͬ㹻ʵרҵûô߻ҩġ
ôҹûжپȣΪλϺˣ˺
û뵽ȻǱλϺ˵ģǱ׷˳׷λʦ൱£
˿־ǵѪĸϴʦܹģܹΪ֮սʿϵξ㹻˵⣡
ҹ¿ģʽܹӮȫʢʱڵĿ˿̸֣ģʽǿµĸãԼ϶һȵӣ
У
һҹ̸ı뷨
ͷĦޡǰٴʹһ¸ħܵһʱ䣬ǻӰᣬӦʹǸʽǡ
ҹɫЩص


280 ʦ
ûүүĻ𣡺һλʦһλ˿үү޷ֿĳʦүүѾ;ƿˣô˷Ѿ
ΪСеĿˣʱ˫Ŀἤ˵
ʼԮ֣ܼˣΪүүҲһˡ
ȴԮȻֻһˣһȥԼС꣡
еʧ콫ķˣΪүүݣһֱ֮հ´ڱķΧڣȻȻ˲ͬ
ȻڣΪֲͬΪ֮
֮Ⱥ֧ԮûκãλϺԳֺȫǴݿ࣬һҹ֮ȫˡ
ԮûüϣܹģϾ֮ڵĴҲʱֹʱҲϲϡ
ü˳ˣȴһλϾȫƲסˡ
ᣬţ֮ŵˣܻרҵʦֱ졣
ڲǽ츳ʱ
츳ûתʵ֮ǰڴʱûκ壡
뵽ǣơˮڻ̲ס
Աȶɣҹûиеŭǵ͵ǰƲ⼸ˡ
ԻСʧغ
ֻתͷλϷʦ
ǰ
ðɣȻ֪ΪҪùҲֻˣһҪ㣬²ʲôܰѶԷˡ
˼ðΣԮĦޡȻҲ֪ԷԼСЦ
漴ٴνǾֳĵӰ
ǰ򡣡
ҹվھᱳϣָü˶ɫһ䣬ȻѾѡĦޡȴҲûжʣֱӿƾȥ
ԭÿʹȻҲı䷽򣬵ϻǳµķߵģһҹȴб
ݵܹԻһ¶֣ʵȴķԶˡ
ߡ
ߡ
һΡ
ڵ˾ᱳϺҹǲϵĿָӷ򣬲ָϷʦʹ÷ܡ
ֻϷʦԼޣֻܹʹóѵĸħ
Ȼʱ˺ܾöûб׷ϵļ󣬵˲˹գȴ˷൱ľʱ䣬ҾϷԽԽԶ
ߣǱĴӪܻܿײ֧׷ɱĶ飡
ֻǾڷơ۳׼ٴοڵʱȴķԭڵϱǿй̵Ŀ˿үүȻվ
Ҳ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ΪǿĻָҩ׼ҩЧʱô
ܹôʦǿѸٵĻָһҩ
û뵽ȻôµҩСӣлˡ
һ󣬸һĿ˿֣ƺǣ˿ڣҹЦ¡
Լϵĸ߼ҩǼƵĶ񻯳̶ȣڻһֱֲӰѶ񻯳̶սᣬǿнѹ£Լָ˵ز
º͵ڶڳԼ
ŶʲָĻУһѡ
ҹվͷҲЩ⣬ȻָѪױӶҲ»򰡣ţƤ޺һ
ֹ˼ºҹչ˫֣ˢһϵߵȶνλħ
󣬱ٴ˸Ρ
֮⡣
š
ħȥ˿˿ڶ
ĦޡԵЩȻ˾ȻһλʩߣǴϵְҵ
ģ͹ĺܳ죬ͷҲѸٺȶ֪ʶҲ൱ʵ
ԼǷʦΪʲôеĶҪүү
ơվЩһ㣬˼䡣
ţиҪҪ׼Ҫˣ
ҹڻӦ˵һ̧ͷգϳһ˿ȡ
ֻһͬŷӰղϵǻƺѰʲôһ㡣
ԷǷϵû취ֱԶ뿴ƾԴĻ磬ƾʦ׵ĶֱѾҪҲҪá
ȻֻǻȦ󣬶ԷƺѾΪĿ꣬緢ӥһ㣡
ǴʦǿߣǴʦеսӵĶֲ̰ĵˣȷ
˻δֲƱǵأĹΧƺһɽѹ³ȥ
زϲ
ԶԷĸٸ壬ҹû˿ԥûֵνλħ˺Ѷ
ɫĹӵһ㣬תųűӰȥ
νλħУһ࣬Ǳĵ̣ҲԲࡣ
ȴǱҹֱ˷ʹá
ԶԶҹĳ
ħһֱԶϵսνλħĴʦѡâ̸νλħеٮٮˡ
ȻǵӰȴȫˢҹϵְҵʶ
ֱӸ·߲䣬ֻ̧ӳгƴһ㣬Щɫ˹ȥת
ѲʴһħĹǿӲ飡
еڰŵѪ΢һ㣬Ҳˡ
ҹɫҲأǿʵϸߵȵѪǼ1+1=2
һҹͳһɢŨħľᣬҪ˺
ҹľٶոջһνλħӰҲüƺеɵ
ͣһ¾ǿ۷˾룬˵֮ϡ
óҹҲ˿
֮ĴôжνλԼܻЩһЩνλľᣬԼǿд߷αװһ¶ѡ
ԵƷǻһЩǺϸ㵽ġ
øл֮ǰǹ׸Լĺ˰ûпʼöԷΪҲܺƵס


281 ˴
ߣ֮Ϊ»ǲѱȴó˶ľᡣ
ˮ֮ϵӰ۾ĮƺҹóľҲ޶һ㡣
ҹµĶǲ׽˶Էһ˿ԥ뻳ɣ
ƺȷԼǷôνλħֲԸðա
һҹȻҲ֪ĸ򿪿ˡ
õĻǻܴȥģҪãǱȻҲҪõļֵȻλֵˣ
ھǱ˭ݵʱԷԸ⸶̫Ĵۣܹʹ˰ֵȻˡ
͸ոճֻǵνλħֶΣԼ֮ǰʾѹ˿ֱһ治ԩҹһ㶼Ҫⶫϡ
ܹС
ҹǶǵĻӦҲöԷ׽͸ĵˡ
ʱƣӰȴǽΧ˹
רҵʮλ߼ְҵ
ҹĵһͻ
ЩһȻ޷ԼʵвҲоĻȫܱΪ̽
ȻڶԷ˴ϵĺΧ֮Ǹ˿ǳѻߡĿ´ʦǿߣֻ̧ҹǣʾСϡ
רҵ׻ͷһۣǰڳһϻǰ
Ҳνλᣬ̽ʱʹ̫ݳˣԿ壬ǵľȴҲࡣ
ԷҲһĴʦвȫûһɱ¶ѻߴ˾ʩչһ
ʱѾռȻֻҪܹȶԷʹеνס

䡫
ȡ
֮䣬ǰרҵǿߡ
һ˵ͷ­Ťı֮У˴Ƭཬ
һ˱ֱһȭ䱬Ѫ
һֱӱʳ飡
רҵףҹеʽʮˣ
Ϊɵ´½ΨĳʮרҵҲѾܹ˽ݡ
ʦĿޣܴɣм쵼ȻҪרҵףҪְҵ䣬ôһȱھǶʱܹģ
ѪֶλɱˣҹƳѻһۣĵȴһ
ԼصѪֶչʾΪöԷӼɵԼһʦ׵ҪԶԶרҵףӦԼðղǡ
ɴʱλƺԱ򸮳ԱĵĴʦȴֳһпЦ⡣
˼Ŀǰʵ˵һνλħԱѾ㹻ˣ֮ɲ֪ҵĴڡ
˵˱ѾһӰʧԭأҹɫһ䡣
ϵְҵ˼άٶȾȻ񣡾ȻԼƤ塣
꣡
һˮɫͻȻҹ߸һâնһɲѺۡ
ҹϹŵһҲͬѺۡ
ײĳˣ˶ֱƷ
Ҫǿ˿Ħޡƴֵ˶Ҫȫɢˡ
ףĶ˼
һҹ£ѻҲе⣬ѰĴʦ׷ƷҲ޷סԼܣû뵽СϾȻıû
⻹ûȵķҹ־һɱȥ
һٶȲ죬ƺ˵עԺƺԾĸʱ̣ȥӡ̵ļ䡣
ʦ齣ģ
ɭҵĽôߡ
һ۾Ϳ⽣ĸţѻ߲ûռʵӲӵ˼һһ˿һĶҡǸͷϻоϣ˵е鷳
ԷڹǿˣֻҪ
ռٶȵľ׼ˣݱܷâѻߣۿҪ뽣еĹΧȴͻȻͷһף
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284 
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286 򵥱
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291 ȼ
һУǿͽȻֱ˹֮ǰҲˣֻܿ﹥סԷ
ԭӦǱеһ
йԱߣûȫԼô׶֣
ص͹˶ԷʵԼҲȫԸģ
ǰ϶ʹһһľᡣ
ǰ׹ƿϮҲϢ
һ֪Ⱥı̬ܹԼʱҲӦѾܣֻܹӲ˲ǡ
һӲԼĹԼ㹻İվסԷûлٿʱƾʵƻܶԷ
û뵽ʵȻ˵Ĳпᡣ
⿴ȥӦòԼԶļһȻдĶ㿪ԼĹ˳ƾ˹ǰ
Ƕ֮ܵ켣治֪δԼѹƳġ
ƺܹҲƳһ۰ɣ
гĽԴҪҳʷʱĻҲڽ˻˿

ҳ϶ɵģȻ϶ǾӦò⡣
ֻôףȴԼ֪κһλʦпͻƵЩרҵҲûжԵϺŵġ
Ѱְҵɵ¾Ѿˣרҵ׸Ǹ£Ķ
Ȼܶеרҵ׶ӡ󣬵ȫ½ҪصעһЩͳӳ϶ġ
ǸǸ̫ˡ
ϴĺѸ٣˿ûһʦƢ
ҪʵպϾͱˡ
ҹл˼ҶѾŵ̬ˣҲǾУȵ˻ǰţҲֻϱԹһˡ
ٺ٣ǸǸ
ò˵һȻòֻһ㣬һֹı׼·ԸϻǺ˶С
ûдʢ˵ϢͷЦɵɵģҹЩкܴĲһ
˵ʦˣְҵﶼģϾһְҵ׷ҲԵĸһˡ
ĳ̶ֳеҹʦʵ͵λߵһ̶ȫ迿ڼԽˡ
ˣڴĿĶһˣ㲻˶Էʦ𣬴ʦǿߣհɣϳŲ
ҹѯƵ˵ڶԷֽͷӣ˵ʦˣҪערҵҲ϶׵ģְҵǿƼɲרҵ׾شˡ
ϳˣûʲôãһǶó˳ɱ֣һҲεɵó˺Ĵ󺣵ͷӣǹҲûʲô취
Щε˵ΪӦһԼﶼ˻صԼռˡ
ҹҲǴüͷ˶ǾԶرǻи󺣵ͷӣͻȻð½Ϯý붼֪˳۹Ӷǳġ
ҲΪܵӶԲûкǰͷӷֳ˼Ŷԡ
ƶΪѾɹˣԲپ
ǸϽɣȵֲ˵׷ˡ
ʱĿڵ
׷ĿԲ浱ǰ𡣡
ҹõԷܹĲ߻ķĻһλǿ϶ҪһУ׼Ѳ֧ԮĿܡ
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ƨϵӲݣӵվ
ҹҲѾпóȵİƷʳֻԻСˡ
Ҫ첻˵СѾͷһͱԷѪһҧסˣҹֶҧˡ
ޱ׽״СһҹҲɸеЩ
зΪûȫûʼǿѪ֮ȻˣСѾͷƬǿֶѵ𡭡
һλʵǿ󣬳˦ҹֵĽͷڻͣһ·Ҳȷûɶ
磬һӰƿ˸ٵִ
ȼ٣
ֳַȵߣ԰ʺ򵽡
һϵרҵ׷ʦʦﲢԶǾٶȱһλԲܹһִ
ƽ£ϽصȻ¼ȥ»δþͲҵܹϵõˡ
Ӵߣǹʽһ˿ŭ⡣
λϷʦҲֻ¶ЦεȷԼʧˡ
Է׼ôãһרҵʦûܼصôԶľҲпԭġ
ҹʱĿڰλϷʦΧˣԷļƻ϶ѰϷʦ˸Ե˲òǡ
ֱҹڣλϷʦǿλһֻϱŹӰװҾȻܺ͹ܣ֡
ԷԼΧˣǵͷʾ˸лΪɶΪԼΧȴоЩŤһ֡רҵס˼桭
һרҵ׷ʦĵλ˵Ҳֻλݣ˷ŵ̬
Ϸʦ˶Уǰ˴ҲСʱɫողƻʱ򣬴ʮűǳҰ֮УٵĿ
ٺ󹫵ıʿš
ͷƳһۺ󣬱ҹŵ;
Ȼֻʮٺ󹫾ϸѡʿţÿԱְҵ۷壬ʮ㹻ײʮ˹ģ֮µרҵǿߣ
ҹǰһͣչ˾˵뻥Ĭ
һüǼЩ⣬ʮ߰ӣȡͷ˰ǰϥع
߹İŹ£ʿġȼ٣
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ûû£ƬϽ㻹ôĸϵй޹ˡ
ҹܱϰ˰֣治ϲܺӿڵ
ϷʦѵΪ첻ʿܹô죬Ҫˡ
ֻĻҹ֮ڣȴõǵͷ״һ£̧ͷЩĪĿܴڰҹ
󵨣ʲôˣȻð£ٷſ
СӾȻֻŹ£ġȫ޷ܡ
ǧ֮ʥ֮壬δɵ֮ⲻ֪С˽Ӵ
ǽӳǽͷ
Ůأأͽ£


292 
ġٺĿǰΪļ̳ˣһ˳Ļδܼ̳ܿеٺ󹫵ͷΡ
ǰŹһľϣǱ¾ٹͷŮӤүүͶԼ˵⽫ԼҪһػˡ
Դ֮ԼҲȫ⻰ԼʹûûҹĿ̿ѵΪ˳ΪΪʿ
ԼҲûй˵ĺΪɵ´½һָţ¡
żػԼҲȻܹɳûͨ˿ż˱ʿţΪӳ֮һ
һ˳ĻԼͨʼʿŵĿˣͨΪµػʿҪǹ²еĻܿڵµǻΪŮһΪ
ֵ׳꣬λʱ仹ܳԼ͹ּȻܹɳʦĴڣʮĲȫ⡣
ȻڲĹ£ֻػŬԴȪ
ȻȻԼĿΪ࣬ΪʥʥĹ£ʱȻᱻһİӱţǶԹ´ֱۣԭ£
֮Ѿȫȼյġ磬һĪҹƺҪǹǰʱѾνˡ
ҹоеǹʱǰĽСűСֳ˳ҹ䣬ͷǿǴ
ҹ
ͯҹеͷۣСѾͷƬ岻ò˵ɡ
ҹ硣
ҹ˭
ƽĻڣҹƺ˶߲Ȼתͷȥġƺʯˣƺؿڱʲôһ㡣
Īһһ룬Ȼ̬ȶЩҹûдϸִܵĵ⣬԰Źĵּ̬ĸоҲܹܵõ
ĵȷȷǷģǡˡ
ϧһװ
ġʿעУһλϵ⹫Ҳų
Ų֣Į˵
ܶԷļͥΣڵĹְֻһλʿΪʼŮͣвںԷʱ
Ļ˵꣬ġ磬ͬһʱĵӳϷʦ˶ɫ
֮ǰûصؽҹݣɵĹµвڵġ
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ոմʯ״ָ̬ġɫʵ˵ˣͷӵûİĻ壬֮ǰҲֱӷˡ
ʲôʱֳ֮ôһλǿߣ
Ȼϡαװɸոսרҵ׵ʵܹ㿪Լ֮ǰһԷʵ˴ʦż
Ϊӳ鱨棬ó˵Ĵʦ˸ţ˵иĴʦԼʶ
ΪµŮʿԵ޹˵ðĻ
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һҹҲͣҲȨйʡ
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ֻƵ˸󣬾ͻͷǰ
߱ʿŵĿ·ϺǸ˳ˣһ·Ҳ½½˲ٽӵźŵľȼ֡
ʦĳ֣
һٺĴܹܣһǸߵһҪ
ͨĻӶܲӣΪİȴȫͬ
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ۺĻʦȻҲʲôΣˡ
ʦǿߣΪ˵۷壬ÿһλĳĶиԸţֲľٶ
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ǰǰεضĺΰǽųϷƲ֮ŵ죬ϢҹҲ𶯡
ԭѾʧʷɵ¹ԭɵ´½һǣ

ĳߣƬɵ´½
ɵ£ϣ
عţ
ǶŴ󿪣ѩʿڵ·࣬ǳһӭӵĶ顣
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ǰıʿҲԶֳУڳӭ̬
ޣҿСűӵϮϢĶˣû¡
ǲʲôĹһŮؼصʪ飬ҹһƤ
Сŵ϶¶һı顣
֪ǲǷŮϵ飬λȻԭҪŮ֣תͷҹһȤӡ
ռŮûҴǸʮ갡ᰡ
ҹ￴ȥѾϿԣôĹ±¶һʮǰԼϹŮ˵ı顣
Բۣʷأɵ»Ϸ˺ʥŮȻλߺȻ֣ʵϷʥŮ˾ɣ
쵰ҪܸǶʲô鷳ûˣ
ҹҲֻѣΪɵϣȥôλ£ҹĸоܱʦҪΣա
ʦ۷壡
һϵԽͬ𶥼ⷨϵֱǹ


293 ѹ
ݻʮƥɫİɫţڿֵ
˵ȥܲףȴԷķ˻еȾ޷αҹǲˡ
֪˻ǲңҹΪ¹Ĵ󹦳ݣҲͬСһͬʸ
ڱλѯ˶ΣĸǲXXXòǲXXX֮ƺǻˣλҲûĥҹĶ䡣
ܹѪӦǺܸߴȵĲǣôܲҵ֣Сӣô
°ͣϥλֹƵ˵
˰ɣиĸҲ常ˡ
ҹ԰һһۣǺ𾴣ʼЩһλʵǺСںͿʼԷˡ
Уļһ常ܶĺòã֮Ҿ򰡣ǿͬ⡣
Ϊ̷֪չҹҲû취ֱӵԸ֪ûɶùӣֱǿ˵
һǵõһСϢλʥλߣƺ׼Ըǻˡ
Ⱦһ£ǻ塣
ָ˰֣һҪŮ±Ĺ°ڳһν̬
ҹ
ɪǼĿˡ
ϢӦûе׼ȷģҪǺܾˣرǼһΪʥλ󣬵꣬Ǳݺġ
žĸ㹴ԼŮɪȥǼҳ㷹һ
ҪעһЩ̬չҵڰϷ˺ʥŮʲôģȫܹΪֵĵɣʱʥλóָ档
ҹҲ׼˵ֱһЩˣԼվ޷һ޷˵ļ԰󺣣޷ɵܺ򶼱òӿ
ԼܷиĶܷıʷ޷ȷϣԼҲûֹǺߣʲôԣԼȥԼǵ
ɪŸͣסİһڵߣתͷҹ۾
ƺȫڶԷϵɫӣҹĪеһɾ޴ѹƺڶԷһ֮䣡
ǶԷݣʵ
ˣνĽڽҲǽڶѣα⣬ԷĻҵ㹻ĿʵΨһܹģֻԼòԷҽڵʵöԷҽͻʵ
ƽȻûпɢ֮ȴѾҹеһѡ
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ԱߵĺһڣɪĻЩȻ
ҹȴԼܵ˶Էһ̾Ϣ
ʲôû˵壬ʥŮѾܳˣʲô
ҹѾЩջ֮ǰжˣôĲ׹ƺ̫ԼҿЦ飬϶ʲô
ţˡ
²豭ңңߣѾݻĹ֮͢ʱĬһɪסҹ
ʲô
˼ҹʶӦһ䡣
˵ǻػŵʱܰ㽫СŴ𡭡
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ҹĪеһֳأԱŸ㣬մȾЩ͵СŶǲתͷ˸Щɻ
ְ˰СŵԴеûܺɪЦ˵
Цģ˰ɡ
ҴӦ㣬ҵĳŵҲҺԼ
ҹ֣صĿڵֻҲ޷ڸһ˿
ʲôأЦЦôΪͲܿЦСӡ
ҹļλ˿һλߵĹ˰֡
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˵ҲҹĻӦֱڽĴӵ£ŻʹڲȥƵƮ˳ҹһ̬ƺǰķ䡣
ĿһԶȥıӰҹĵҲ̾һǸҵıЩİ

ΪѪĻҺĳԱҹһֱסʹĴ
λξժòŮݻŵζķ䣬ϴ򶼿ԲԼֵĶҹȴû취ɶ
ҹĲƺϣҵľ޴£֪Щʲô
һ仰ɪ˵ĺܶԣҪȷ˲ҡڡЧķΨԼʵ
ʵҸɾܸ£ʵ㹻ǿĵϷǵʥŮΡ
ռ֮⣬ռ֮ڣž޴ѹʹԼǰ
񣺻ͣɡ100ȡ
ʹ񣺾IIɽ2000ȡ



294 ջ
ְ嵽ĸλΪѪʹõļӳɣҸоʮĵӣ֮ǰǿհ׵𣿡
ڻ԰֮ͤУɪһŹֵĿҹԼָѪ֮
ģȫƥϵһָ߼רģڸṇ̀ɵ»඼ѡְҵԱĻᡣ
ܹѪ⣬ΪظдŰҵӳǼӳԼ־ӳɣ
ưɲ󣬺ʵּӳĵĸߵͼ𣬾ǿǹ̶ֵǱֵ
̵ǰУ̶ֵļӳɻ΢ֱֵʵ߼ƾͻչֳ
ҲΪԽ߲㣬ͬвҲԽԽԵʡ
ҹרҵ׺һֱûµģһΪĿĿѾ㹻ѾЩˣٶĻ˷ѣܻɸӰ죬ܵʲôϹ۹ƨ֮ġ
֮вٸ߼ĵĿ棬ڸĵһһɵصġ
ҹȱĵԭһֱûʹã֮ǰҪռ任ȡ֣û뵽ﾹȻõϵġ
ǿȥ׵ļһҲǶȻ͸ԼľλҲΪԼαװרҵĴʦȻһ۾ͿԼ
֮ǹרҵڸרҵҲ
ΪרҵϣγһֽڲĿס󣬸Ӽǿȶԣ
ųѪ뾫־ÿɶ
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ȣݿ⻵ëֳˣǻĪ־Ⱦ
ʮĸϺҹоԼãӵӦ
̯ƣɵģҺ̬ϵתţҹеЩ塣
ѪԼһץ֮²ѷɫڵǸʦץԼһצˣ
Ҫ֪ڲӵģʽ£

ƾһ㣬ڲֻҪҪԵǿвȻǱˮнֻϣʱ仹ü
СŶûߵ𣿡
ҹһȭɢҺ̬ţҺ̬仯ɫ˴¶ȶƺ˲١
꣬ǲסģĻúţǵרĲְҵ׿϶ǲᴫڵģҲѬѬǵʹС
°ͣͤϵɪҲûϵҹ˵ĻЦЦ
˵ԺûսĻϣܰ
ȻԤϵһЩʲô
ʹС
Ըתʹ࣬ǿ־ǩԼصԭ
Ժڤ֮ԼƵĻ棬ŸʴҲʥ²̷Ļ棬ҹĵҲЩ̾Ϣ
ȥĹŮϣܹԼ

լڻʹʱúܿ죬ɪΪķæÿ״򲻶ĳһСʱҹָƺͬҲڸʱһ㡣
ڼ䣬ҹ˶ַԼױдҪʡʿǷǵõϵҹ
ҲȻֻܷܹǷ񻹼ǵԼҲǷǵǷݽ飬ҹѯɪʱ˵λʿ󲿷ʱ䶼ߵİķ½
̫Զˣ˵ܷ͵ϣ˵ȥķ½Ҫ̫õʱˣңʥλǿ˼ܹϵġ
ǹ̻ʺӶ֮ΪӶĹϵ絽ĿԻһ㣬ϵΪҹҲԺתһ¾׿ˡ
Ŀǰ¼ԪʥλΪǿ䣬ʮλֵʥλһɫʹ׳̶Ҳˡ
򣬺ľٶ͸ᷢ
˿ס

һ¾ǽˣڻʹٰһθ߲磬ϯһ¡
Ȼ֮ͤУɪеĳͷû̧Ŀڵ
ϰһдʦҹҲͣ˲ˮ
ΪɶҪȥһˡ
ɭҵĻ齣ҹĿǰɱǿһнֱӹ꣬Ҳ˷Ʒ֮ͫͫϰġǽƻӵµһŴʦ
ΪѪĻ壬ҲҪܸǣξϿɾΪžٰġ
ɪϢЩЩޣԽҹЩ׽͸ˣԼǰоԷƺֲһ㣬Զ졣
ľ󣬽֮ǰһЩҪ뿪һˣʱдѵʱϤ⽣
ҹɻһ飬ҲپԷǹŹֵϢˣæ˵
ʵҾҲҪɢɢˣ˶ɵģȥɣõ㶼ûϵҪǵñҵϷˡ
ûǴɵûоеһεǧ꽨
ҲǺжͻ֮ǰʵʷֲ赲ǵλ׵ĹҲ׬˵ģ
ǵʱСžͽˣУǵľ硣
Ǻ
һʣɪתȥ״ƶһơ
ŶԷȥıӰҹҲЩӣȫһӱ֮䣬Լѡ˺ôĸô
ʥλ


295 
ɵ㹻ΪɵΪĽȺϷƲĻʼҷʦΪһϢ
ɵµľ
ʱ֣ƬѾһֵƻͨϲա
Ϊǧ꽨ȫµͷͷҲѾ
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ڲμξĴ˵ٰͷҲͷĻǻཻϵ
µĻ壿
ֲǹĶӣµݲܶҡ»岢ʲô˲Ľɫ
Ǵе뷨
뷨־磬յҹҲֵûӭ
Ϊ˽죬ԼĥԼһϵǣֱͲñӳԼˡ
ǵģҹҲ̫עǱˣУǴȦӵĺûᣬӦðһ£˵ֻҪǻܵõЩɾ̰ӵġ
վҹ࣬ڳ׼ŮƺЩԹ
ҹͷˣ֮ǰ·ôûһ˻룬Ȼ뺦ң
ȥܹСôŮɡ
ҹ˵
־һǱԴģ¿
ָָķ˵ҹеЩ˵ӭԼ𣬽ʵʼʱ¶ͷûԼɶˡ
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ҲǿʼһɭңʼҽõĹϹֻɳһλĴ
ƺܵʲôǿߵϮֻܽϵˡ
е죬ݿ⣬Īǵոյִ˹̹޵ʱϢɭǸְҵ
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΢һһ⣬ҹǹ˭Ҳ
Ϊҹڳһʶ̬˿ʼ̸ļˣԼ֦չĳ˼⡣
߻ĺ塣
ðɣʵѾ㹻зˣⶥžɫͿʵòǧСֹˣǼ󸾶ǿζȽ϶ء
ҹ߲ʶ˷ʱ䣬ȴǶϵϴԣŸ
λٺ󹫣ʼħѧԺԺʼҷʦˣְʼħʣʵǿΪҲºͣϴǸµʵҲġ
ָָһλʦۣͬԵЩ룬Աȴӵ˴Աߡ
һʦͬǿߣҹȻҲ࿴ۣǸܵĿ⣬ٺҲʱתͷңңٱʾһ£Եú͡
ҲȷȻǸԼſڽҪԼʿе㶺ȣ˵ҽ̺ͽǺܺõģûеʲôıζ
Ϊٺ󹫾ٱľٶҹܵ˹עһβĺ˧ĿӢȥֻжʮľ˧ǳҹ˹
Ȼȥֻжʮ꣬ҹȴܵ˶Է֮ǺޱߵĿѹһλϹ
ĺˡ
СѵҹҲһȻĺһѾΪʷ֡
Ӣ۳갡ҵĵӣһ֪ģܹƳ磬Сܲ򵥰
ҹǰĺЦе˵
үүˣȴԼ˧ҹЩ̡
ǰˣ˼ҲԶˡ
һͱĺҪҪģǺһλǰҹǾͱš
ĺƺЩҧгݵĵ
ӰСӣһ빴С۲ݵġ
ҹҲЩЦλǰҲе⣬ʲôĹʲôĳòǰŵ⹫Ҳȥ̽ӻ·Ϯġ
ĺ˵ģЩСŮһ㣬˵𡣡
ҹתͷ˵ԴֻǷǷ˵
µ⹫Ȼ˵Ҫ͵ȣôܸɫλĺҲЩΡ
ȡ˵ˣ˵İɣôҲһλ壬ʵ츳֮ѡҲˣôлԼ𡣡
תٶȻҹеϣ֮ǰһЩķ绨ѩ£תͱ״ˡ
ԼûУһλҪһӵԼ߰
ҹƺЩʧңңƳԶɪߵСһۡ
ޣδŮʿôͻԼûϵɣиŮոʮ꣬оҲ࣬ƯŶһ𣿡
ĺƺͻߵĺܽŮ޸˹ֿʼŮҹˡ
ĺƯ˵Ժ˵ɡ
ҹƵ˵Ͼд鷳ˣ̸Щûð
ԺԺȸһԺֱҡ
һֻҹĺЦе˵ǿƤӰ
٣һⶼûУ뽨һ°ɡ
ҹʼ״
еҪ鲻գ˵ˡ
ҹļĺǽĻĴҹܻӭˡ
ֻҹȴһأĺҲ£ɪ뿪ͬһԭǰʱҲûȥ
ĺΪҲģһֱڻʵӺҳϵģһλǱؽλȻĺ֮£ȴˣһϹЭһͬ˶ɶĺɽˡ
ؽ
Щʧҹֺ˵ľ񶼳˱仯ɨۿȥǿһλʿȵڷӰ
òͨͨƽ棬ͶƺܵĿ⣬ߵҪٺ󹫣˶Ƕ
εһɨȥԷҲƺͬܵʲôתͷĿ
ҹгһ˿Ȼɻǵ˵ͷ
һ˵Ŀ⾹ȻܹԼܵļԷʵ
ؽ򡭡
ǿѹסĵ⣬ñԷҹյȭͷЩ
û뵽ĳϣһμλؽ


296 
ˣǰ𣿡
žƱҹǰؽ˹Ц˵
ΪʸʵȨӵűϵĹϽȨؽеκηĻҳԱ
Ȼ㲻ǾֱǰˣֵλĿĶʲô
һμ棬ʮһŰݷõġ
ҹͬ˾ٱԷ£ǲõЦݡ
ޣ˼Ĵк
˹ҹֵĻظҲûие⡣
˵ҲЦŶ࿴ҹۺ뿪ĸ˵ǣδɳ֮ǰֵ˻ôľ
˹תҹλؽ֮ĽɫҲЩ޷ȷ
˵ԼʾǹüΣؽͺóױȽϽƺû𵽶Чӡ
ҲˣԼһҰðѪܹӴҲôãؽȴϵĹ壬Σ
֪Ժ鶯̬˵һЩṦΰҹҲűؽһ뺣ֵˣ
̫αװҲ̫ˡ
ǻ屻壬ʵԼΪɵʵȨ֮˺չʾһ档
֪࣬ƾܽҴһУȴް취
һֱǿеǹɱ벻죬ҹһֱֵ
ڶ졣
ҹȴ˽⵽ˣһȻȫ뿪֪Ǹʲôȥˡ
ɪһλүүִ֡
ȻǰѾɪ֪ܻʲôҹҲûϵ̶ֳȡ
˵ɵǿϣѵǺͰһǰǸзӡӹ̣
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ιιѵҪô𡣡
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ϧԼҲֲУΨ취Լˡ
רҵ׺ҹֻøҩԼ֮еͣĵȫԼ
Ҳɪʧĵڶʮͬʱƽרҵģ
ٴοʮģ
֮ǰĻͶ룬ԼԴɱҩĵѶȣȷЩó档
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ϽռָĴʱ䣬ҲȻӵڲųɹ
ڹģҲһ·ÿڤָ츳
ҲӳרҵͻƵרҵǰڶѡ
ΪĵĹϵҹʵȴǼΪԵġ
ֻǶڽȵʱ˵ȴȫҲûʲôսĿҪ߽·С
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ΪԼλùϵһʲôͻͻȻðҪҹʤ䷳
ֻΪȷûж⣬ٺ󹫵ҹҲûô־ǡ
ĴͻƵרҵˡ
Ů˵ҲǺ䶯һʱˡ
츳ǻѡˣˣȥɢɢİɡ
ʵڲ׷һĶϽҹΪϲߣǷСŮֱ˻ʹ
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Ȩɢɢİɣ̫Ļϵġ
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ǿǿûϵǻҵ⣬Ѳʲô¶ҪԳֲɣ㶼ûȥˣȥܴˣʱҲòҡ
Щͷ۵ķŶͷ˵ôһĶֵĻ壬ԼͷըˣȻԸر𣬵Īλµҹ빫ȴһֵƥС
һ¡
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ǴԭСŮͣһװͬҹˡ
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һ·ұҹеЩȫ㲻˭˭ˡ
һƷС̯ǰּۻۣҹ׼ûƷƷʳ˸һȥ̫ɾС̯ǰ׼һݺϺʱ
ȴĪһ֮纣Ļʯһ
һںߣŵ˳ʪһĸо
½ڲŵһöǣҲȵ¶ȣҹͷĪһ
ǵǺϸĴﱴǣԼǿƽ¼ˣŵƷûǴĻֻǰγʥӣԼǰռĺɫ֮ˮذֵĶȥ
ʱȴǶˣƺʲôҪһ㣡
࣬ϵϢЩС
ҹЩɲʱ򣬶洫һȴ亹ˣ̧ͷȥȴ֪ʲôʱʼһӰӶ棬ĿԼ


297 
ƽ˿ڵװ磬ȥѰһףΪʲô
ӶԷԼԼ϶ķӦ࣡
Լǿ֪Ȼ˿޷ӦԷĴڣҪĿ£ȫͲ֪һˡ
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壡
¸˱ԴӡԼļֶΣȻǼϢȾĶ
ԷܿǼƷԭˣ
ǡ
λߣ
ں𡣡
ƽƺȺҲӰƽĿڵƺȤӡ
࣬ϾȻԼееϢңеĿ־ѵǲԼݣ
Ȥ
һȫ͸ĵĸоҹͷҹмʥλĴڡ
ֱֻԵʱ򣬲ܸܵʥλ֮½ΪϵС
ʦλȻܹͬĨȥԼĴڣҲԼһΣȫ𷴿ĸд
ѾεĲࡣ
ԷǸ߸ϵʥ飬ŷϡ
û͸¶˿ѹûչ˿ϢȴȻԼһָоȫΪǺεȵĿֲ
ҪԿĹ
ȫֿжԵͷ쵰
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׵Ĺ£ҲϣĲ׵㰡ҪֵͼȦװ
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ڵϸ΢ٿȴˣһþ޴ܻء
нߣɱ⣡
ոշʱҹѾִһըص㣬һ֪λۺߣһؽʬ塭
ʦ壡


298 ѪծѪ

Ϊɵػصأûƻֱܵӵ
ڣȴһö֮ĳȫǵڶԸⲿѹҲ̫ԵøЦˣ
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ǰʱʣһȾѪĽӳֳֶϽϵĴŴ
һ͸ֶ֧εʦʱϢѾ;ƿˣ
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Ƶ䣬ҹǼǰƵԷȥ
ʦʵСֹĶ䣬ƺЩԼĶ䣬˵ı鶼Щ
·רҵ׵ˣһ·˳˳ˮֱ˽λĲ࣡ڳרҵ׵ȷǸ߸ϣǰ죡
һ˵ţһչյı飬һȫɢ˿µϢɫļ˶͸ߴ
ͷϵɫƬųҫ۵Ĺâ
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ǰѾԼǰ̧һնӰ
ۺѹͷ𾪵ͬʱҲǿЦ
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ϧ
ǳҵӰ컹һ㣡
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ҹƺûпԷĳ룬ȻеĹյĴʦӵĿǰļ£
ĸ߶̮ƬռƺһŤ纣˵ĲһɢȥƺƬռʱܱ˺һ㣡
ף֣ʼҽνˣҪ
ԷһѪȴʹɵ»Ľ㿪۴ʦ۽һƺҲЩ졣
Ȼ˾޴ƺҪԼȥϧ̫˵㡣
ۡ
ͷδ꣬ܿ˹ۺ壬Ǽֹľ޴֮ϣȴͻȻƾʧ˴Ƭ
һ޴Բξ޿ںݺҧһһ㣡
嶼ֳڣֻ֮һƤӣ
۰
ͻȻĪܵػۺ˴ڻƬѪ޷ţ⣡
ʲôܣ
ʦ׺ǿش֮£ǿ
ǴŲȥɡ
۾ʹҹû˿͵˼һȥŵͷ­
Ƿɢľһڶһ㡣
ɵµĻʼҺ
ԵѸݣ
ݿĸĶǼųɵɢ羫ȫڡ
ѪҪ
ǵһλɱʦõĿ¾ҪűˡĺʦޣȼպͺļûʣʲôˣոҲͬ
ͨյĿľᴿȫ޷ƣԱпܡ
ӵܼưʮĵҹ˵״ĽṹһӴľȫǿȦ˽ȥ
Ѹٵᴿת
ֱӹڸǿöڸרҵģ


299 ʿ
ǿڵʹУⶼദѳ˿ڵҹû˿˼һֱ̰յ
ϵԣֶαǻɱˣֻҪ忸סĹ죬츳ܿ
֮ǰҹ۵ڶöĵʱ򣬾ǿ·ϻɱ˼רҵ׵Ļۡ
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ȻǹδϣʵԶ߱
ʱҹҲܱΪרҵ׺ڣ
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󳤳ĺһȵİ
ҹִ˴ٵɱ۴ʦվȥʱ䲢
ϢĲԳӪöԷӵķΧǿɱ˲ϢͻɱʵԼ֮ϵ۴ʦʡ˴ʱᡣ
š
۾ҹɢ֪ڤڤеĸӦĸܵ˶Էڵķ
ٴڿնǸȥ

һȾѪӰһֻСĽȿ񱼡
ƺʲô׷ϵĺһ㡣
·ģֻҪ»һڣͲκ˺㣡
ոͻƵרҵġö϶οżϵİţŴʱƺǻ˹ȥ
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ȭͷС˿ϵӿѪˮ
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ܵػûеѾ
˵һ仰Žҹʧȥ־һ֧ţÿҪҹʿȴԶĹ
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ⲻǺĹۼȭӡ
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ˣҪצӱ׼
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ʱԼߣѾûȫطܰСˡ

һöȭͷСɫˮ򣬼
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࣬ȻѾɥĲֱЭ壬ΪŰȫ޷ܵˡ
ٺ٣ͷʲô岻壬ֻҪ۾УʹˮҲûʲôա
Ǹһ˿ڵӰ̿ͣЦš
ҿǿԷģ˵Ǻ׵㡣
ΪߺĺͷӣҲ˿Ϊ⡣
ʵѾ򵥵﹥ܶҡ˵ġ
ڿУȻһװӰмڿڣܿܣʲôֶΡ
ǰʵǿĽԼڳƻĺĽڵ㣬Ľˡ
Ҫ죬һطӲ̫á
֮ǰ֣ǱڶⱾʵͲ֮µĺѣʲôǶ
Ӱ̿ѾٴʧУͷЦ
ȼպ£λӦԵֶΣֻҪǰƴһнˣ
ֻ˺㶷ȷ±ˮȴȫͬ
ΪϴκЦĹоʵ
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Լ֮أûʤˣֻȼպĿϼˮ
ȻڵĬʱϿһĮȴǴ
ޣһʮڽĻ


300 ݿ
ͬʱ̧ͷȥֻһϿյӰһλƴһṲ̊ն
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ΪĶйܹвĵط
ȻõǱҲ׷ˡ
ܵģΪʲôĺͷϣϵ
뵽Լ֮ǰʳ鱨ǹĿĴžͼ
ȴ磬Ҫֱ֮ԿĹĺԼߵȵȡ
ǰߵĿ൱
ٺΪͬǣѾڣʣµЭҪȫеġ
ǲ֪鱨Ƿ֪ŵϢ
ŵ꣬൱̫ͬˣһֱûչԼϡ
֪ŵġ
ֻʼߣм߲֪֮ľһ㱩¶Ŀܡ
֪ŵĴڻ߻ĴڣȻԵЩζˡ
ȿǵҪʲôɣŪ׺ٻͷĺ̯ƣԼǴӦϺչһɲǵӡ
ٶ룬ҹĿ񣬵ȴ롭

֪ǺÿͣǵҪ԰ڣ˰ŵס൱߹ģȫǱָֻţʾһֻؼҵ˷ܡ
NɪҹֱӸһֵͷϡ
ֱӽһֻࡣ
ѧȷҲʦҪİ
˿Էҹĥš
ʱһ˷ܵȴǴӺԺڵλô˹
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ոճ֣ҹ͸еԼλüƤӽŵ鵽˷ңһ飬ƳۣƺҪҹĸ첲
Ȼҹƿˡ
ȵ˼ʧܣתҪæʱ˾Ѿ˺Ժ۾һ
δͿڣȲͷ˵
ôⰡ㲻ȥʿѧԺȥô˰
ôһתƣҪʺӲòЦĽ͵
ôᣬֻصٻģû뵽ҲʱˣԵء
ĳ̶ֳϣӺҹɫɫƣһȱɫͿӡ
Ǻˣȴָҹ׷λС㣬ƿӲǡ
ŶҰأ뿪ɡ
Ů·õ൱죬³Ϳʼˡ
õѾҵѣһ°ɡ
ֱӵ·ںƤ˵õģЩ竵ļһƺ˿û˵˼Ƥ
Ȼ񲻶ϵҹ졢ĦϷʦĺ󱲷תתȥŵĵһ˿ԼĲм
ܵǹϢҹҲЩʮüˣְҵʵ֪Խš
츳Ҳ㲻ҹȴӦĸ̫ˣӦôֶδģץħɱ֮ġ
Ǳֵ͵Ŀԡ
СطǸںֵطƨ˵֮Щ콾ˣǿ
ŶҲˣĿһƺѧû֮־Ѿ˵츳֮ҪˣûɣƻԲ˿ࡣ
Ǵǳ֮ʦҹʦͬѧ졢𡣡
ЩͷǼһƤ治һ㶼ᣬǼһ˽⣬֪ڳʲôӣȸ⼸츳ʵǿźá
תͷҹ˵
ǼӣС
ҹ̲סҪЦ˳ȡʡ£ĳɫɡ
Ӱžλʦ׹ˣǰʦȻ൱ҪĺҲ̫һλʦ׹ֻôһλ󣬵λˮǴߡ
ȻСӾĪˡ
һߣС˵Щ֮ˣ΢һ飬лһ˿ʡ
ߣ֮ΣͻƵרҵж٣̸ʦˣʦĴʦôࡣ
ϲǿҳһ˿ǺܲЦݣ˵
֮ѧܲأԺеǰ;֮ĺĴСҲ̫˰ɣôɳôһλʦҲе㲻̫á
ȵҹСƵ˵ָ㽭ɽ緢
ҹȤζԱ߿ӵģʶôⰡһڱ׷׷жģڿǺϡ档
ɽĪԼǹˣ󲻺ã
ͶԼɫҹҲڳԵ˱˲ʹֺĸоûű˼ЦеĿڵ
λ壬Сһ룬ʦʵǹ˵ģĴܴһٸ
ˣ֪Ϊûͬһ֮ѧϰǲΪ츳㰡ʵҾżǺܵ͵ġ
Ŷĸƺ̫ȰǳץħɱôɲãⱲͻרҵûɶϣˣԺģʱҲпܳ١确١ȵĺ֢
ҹȴ٣Ѿݷ˺ܾõͷһ£ǿʵǹġ
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310 
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ͳϵĶĿԻǽٵģһЩӵܶӵԼһЩ¡
СȴΪֹҹ͵һǰ͵ë˵öࡣ
ֱ˻Ͷ̥һǴ
˵Ͷ̥ĳ壬ԼԺ󱲽ӣô̫ƫǣƫƫֻһλӡ
ǰλλԶڣʦҪӴʦãܹʱ٣ʱҲǼβ͹ӡ
һͻȻүүĺϵǿˣλˮǴߴĿ͸УȴֱӴӡ
ҹڶϴһȴ˶ˣƺԼĶ䡣
ǰǡʱ򣬿үүҲû˻Լ˵Щ
οүүѾΪĺǿߣԼ˺İүȻ˳ıӵԼ
㡭
ڷӦ٣ѪѹߣԳѪ۾Ҫ˵ЩʲôʱҹƺǿģϵƲһ
ˣû˼ֻǳһЩʵ
󲹵һҲ̲סҲûȥˣ¡Ҽסֱ׼滰󣬾ȻǴЩǻŤͷˡ
ոȥôĻܹ߳ġ
ʦҪʶһˣǡ̫ˣ
쳣ͷ۵׷⣬Ȼҹƾ;͸ˣ൱˷ܣͳҹʱһ¡
Ȼҹˮı˺öˣ쵰
ˣȥһºˣ˿ǰĦǰǵ˵Ļ
ҹһĲ˲һŤͷ˵
ȻǾҪúһ·ʽˡ

԰Լ߿ɻģԼҲǡϵĻ壡
棬ȻܶƻжƻȻ鷳Լġȥ
ҹȫڸϢǹϢʾˣһʦʾ·ȥ
ˣ˵Ӱϰһ⣬Ϊڸ̫Ҫȫǹȴǹӭͷˡ
ܳһʱ䶼׼Էϵ£ħԾҲкô

λǲ֪֮ʦжôſȫͬλŮʿ˵뵱֮ͽĳͻȫ֮Ĵ
صүүߣүүĵСϸŪǷǡ
ҹôʱ䶼ԸܹƿӢסŵôܻ᲻û
˵λºˣڳһ״
ֻǺ۲ת˵
λС绹ǻأ֮ôߵһȺ˰κǵӰ̫ˣ۵ƲĨڹǡ
ޣ⻰ҿɲܵûЫӡŮʿ
ҹֱӴſڴ룬Ҳû̫˽΢΢ĺ˸׼Ĺ
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ܱ׼ĹǣЩҷǣ޿ޡ
ֱӽ֮ǰֱӴ̬ȣڸȥƺӦˣ
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æĽܵĺҲҹ˵ͷȻ޷ӱϿʲô
ԭ֮ġְҵ׵һˡ棬û뵽ѾΪʦˡ
ҹЫӵĺ츾Դһ˿ΣյЦ˵
Ǳһ齻ӣڵݺ׾֪ϣҲ˽ְҵ׵һ˵ϡ
ǺǱɳΣգǱֻǱ
߿ƺЩԣλºȴȫû
߹ĿĶܿ£ڳκһ̬ߵĵƺ͵ߡ
֮ǰĴЩ̫ǿˣҲֵ֮˳Ǵޣ̨
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Сƺǲ׽ʲôϢδȵǺھæм˵
ʱΪѾĺЫӶɸеЩΣǴȫûһķԷȫûϢѾͻƵרҵ׵Ĵʦðɣֻ˵ǰǸͷһЩ
СүүҲ˿ûܵ˼һ۶ǸһжΪ׼Ľ̸ںִĻ
һЩΪԸ˫գҲԱȫû䳡
һҲλº˻
ȫСƣҹͷǫ顱
ǱģǰŮʿι׼汱λҼѧ׵𣿿˲˵
䣬ǺͳһߵСһ־񷴹˱һˡ
ôõĵùֿϧģѹֳϺ
ʵαǿҲǰλרҵڡ
ĺĵ̣ǿܹ쵽ģʦҲרҵûɶǲ̫òɳְҵ׶ˡ
ڷǿλʻĽչơ
ϧûóŸոչһ£ͷֱҹƻˡ


311 Ŀ
СȻȥᣬһȵӣĿȴ񰡡
Ы۾
Ϊʻǿ԰֮Ǳרҵеʵ
Ľƽյ
ԼʵǿŸġ
ʵԷȻϢոȹһǹǷʦǺųְҵһ˵콾רҵڵԼ֡
ɼˣڸողԷϢʱҲδ⣬̸вǽʵһû˶ѣܱŪڹơ
û뵽ſڼ仰أֱӾͷֽһѴͱԼˣ
֮ǰǹ֮ϽλĺĴС㣬оѾ˼źʹ㡣
˵ȵͷ˽ǲݰͷһζͷԼĴͣôͷܹѵģһǴСˣԹԳΪԼū
ȻԼڲԼ𵽻á
ڱļһһͨȭȴȫˡ

ĺĵ̣ԺѹЧް
ԺмԼת΢±Ǵ󷽵ĳϵ
ȷҽ׼ģһ֦ͬΪ䣬ǲŸҪŽᣬɵ죬ΪοֶΡ
ûһֱӳ˵ֱӽҹ⻰ΪνõѡܹѡʹͷĿȷشԵļһ
˻һֱ̨Ӣ׺Ҳ޷⣬Էֱӽˣһ㰵ʾͻضûԼһڻؾĻȴֱӼ
˵ų⣬ںΪѵʱڣһǿİԮ֣ҲС
ֻֻҪʵĻкܴʴӦŮ䲻Сˣһֱˡ
ƫƫʱһһóˣǾЩ鷳ˡ
ҪõԼ֧֣
ϣһεԼŮһεĹԼ÷ⷽϵĻȨĺȱ
Ҳԭײ֧ȷһ˿ơ
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˫ĿСû˵ǴҹһھܾĹĵӡ
ΪʦԼˢû뵽Ȼģ˭Ҫ޸϶ʶ˰
ʲôһ˼ûУôڡ
ֻķԣǰӢ׺ƺû⡣
ӵܵĻֵܹõԼ
ĺȻǿʢǻĳΧѡ£ĻȴǱҪϵ޸ˡ
ΪԲ
ԣҾǺڵӦ躹ޣûҪȥҸԼ˹һ¹ϵõġ
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ǧѷĻᣬԼܷ֦ܿͷıݣСȫ˲ôˡ
εĿ˻˺Ư˿ĶԼŵ磬ڿЩɶˣԼˣԼǰ̡
ʱһֱĿĴʦһ£ֹԼӼĻȻҪ˵ʲô
ΨһܹжĴʦӢҲȷҪĸܣûӿǰֹǵһֹʵҲ˵̬ˡ
Щͷ۰
Ӣ׼˵꣬˴ǵǺ˵ϵүүܺϲ츳ҲܲδлʦżؼϻлѪӵ̳Ȩ
һĪı飬Ӣ׺һ
ԭˣлѪټȢĺĵŮʱĻȫͿԽƳʱȻܳΪ
ֱĿģһٶã
֪ۡĸƫԶݣ̳Ȩ·ڿⶺЦ
ҹͺĹ˭ȻоԷ˵Ǹе죬δȥĥʶЦ˳
󵨣λ̳ˣ浱ɵѾ˲ɣ
ûпڣһĿںǳ⵽
񣬴Сгɺͳ֮һǳȻ֮⣬һֱδķ֮أǶȻж𾴡
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ߺߣɵ»׽ĺñҲͬǴĺ
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ҹĻҲƺȷӢסŵ˶е˲
ιιɣȻλ̳˵ĳƺƾ˽Ӷ㲻ϵĶҲ䣿һ˿һѪĿŶȻѱţƤѢһѪе㼸ʵġ
ҹٱըȴ൱һھҭǰ
ңûǴĻɵӢ׺ŮɣǵҪλ
˵ʱҹԭЦӯӯıҲΣյűļˣ۾


312 
ҹñӿϣһʱ仰ýӣֻתƻ˵
үǵһλͼ汸ϵѪֻǵΪ˰ȫʱ˺үϣλĳ£ǶȨȤλǫ˳ɵ³
ܹΪʹ߱˵˵ĺһ
ɵ¶ˣҲȥ֤˵ĻźΪԼ˵ľǡʵǡࡱ
ֲҪ̶ȻǷӵ˼¡
˼ǣλʲôͼ汸ã
ҹʼЩ
ЫӰȻ˵
ȻǵĻϷʥŮôܻɵµĶ˵ʲô̳Ȩ˵ǰĻҲѾûʸι
˵ƺҹǴλֲţͷ˵
Ӣ峤Ӧ׵ģ¼󣬻ıⱻֻһͬƳ֮ӡúֶβܴ򿪣ֻеõĵ֧ǲſؽɵ
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⻰ո˵Լоﲻԣû̫λĽҲǵöԷòƾǸһȥ񳤼ʶȥĵطǣ
УԤƣλСǻܵһ֧̽ĲǣܹԵ¾ͻֱȽ췹ƺ
֪뵽ʲôɫ΢ЩѿһǶԷʹթǼĳֻĶ飬׷ɱͷթԼ
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ɰ·ϿиˣҲԳƵģҪҪһҪĻǮȥ
Ǳƺ󣬰ɫ̼
ɵ˹ԶͨѶˮְͬĶ֮仹ǲݳ޵Զ̹ˮģ޷ֱϵǼ֧飬ֻ취ϵ
ЩĵѾ˰˳ɣ
Ƿﰡ
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һԼҲˣ˶˻ʲôס
˵вٺѡողĵ˵꣬ʱ̷Ҳ̫ˣֻպ취ȡ
ҶԷȻֱɱˣԼ£Ҳܾˡ
ԼȷĶ֣Լֲսƣɵ´½ϣ֮ľȲ
뵽ֱһö֧Ԯˮ
ˮָ֪ͨʲôˣҲܴݾϢܹһΧӵкרˮĶ飬Լ۱ʵԶߡ
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ظλ͵ҲˣȵΣ
ܵǰյأӢ׺Ƿ˶ãڻһ¼ǽŵ˫
˿Ҳ¶һ˿ĵЦݡ
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⼫Ʒǵ̸н׵ĳõģɵֵزҲǺֱӽ˳ȥ
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ͬʱƵɨҹһۣԼ׼֣óҪĶҴҶ׼ʲôıҲûԼʺϣ
Ȼ˰ĻϵֱʣӢ׺϶˶ݡ
Ʒֵñֵ治òƴֵĺݣȴһȱԴ
׼һλõġ
һ;ϡ٣ҲϡٵԴȻø߼Ʒʵ滻ЧȻ޷뼫Ʒȡ
ʱ䣬պʱָܻսܵӰ죡
ʱԺļֵʮΪ
ڴлԮ֡
Ӣ׺Ҳһɫ֣˵
˼Ʒ˼һǰͣӢ׵ȻҲ˵ʲô̫˲ҪͬʱҲ⼸лĻǵĸйҲ˲١
ΪܵҪЮֱͳʹųˡ
ˣŰݷܲ׼
򼷶ҵ
ҹôһѣͷӻͳһö
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˵ĳӢ׼˦ȥ
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ϵЦĲ
ԴСӳֺ󣬴ĪĴ·磬ڰһΣ
ֻǸˣƷƷǺĵ̰ɣ
ֻǾλЫʤ黹δɢʱһֱֵĺܳȣµõ˼ļƷҲֻǼ򵥸лӢ׺ȴǾ˵
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313 ڼֵ
ʤЦݣ׼ġ桱ѯһʲô
ȻټҶԷ˵ʲô֮ͳļӦñԼͰɡ֮Ļ
ڻߣ͹ԹԱˡ
Լ϶Է輫ƷҲǻһ򵥸лѣڶԷͳֵȻǸһֱɫĺʧ̬
ðɣӱϿ֪ԼûϷˣҲöԷ򣬹ԹԱ죬ȥǳһֻӡ
ⱾӦõĸ߳׶ΣӲסϣеԸȲ֪ȷйȥٱЩöԷʧɫĶ
ԼԾ϶ļƷҲǲˮƯˡ
֮࣬Ҳмֺ棬ܹ̸Уʵֻһ㣬ȴ㹻ߵġ
ûܿɶرģûһⲨ
⡭˭ġ
һӵɫеԲӢѾλվ
ԼʱɢȴԼֽס뿪ҹɼʱļ
һϲװ۵ͷҵġ
ҹʵҲһ˿廳ģȴѡѳ˵ɵأ˵ҳϺأԼһ㰡
лĻտһģҴӦģԺ¿ҡ
ҹ˰ֺ󣬱Щ뿪˴·ȥסĵط
ź˼κӢջ̾˿
ˣҪעԷ䣬ûαװĻʮǰ
һֱûв廰ѵǵ㵽Ϊֹ
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Ȼ֪˵ûĿȸӢ׵ǲܴ԰˵ͷ뿪˴ȥ
ûð֪⵽ǸʲôôĶ֪
ɫ粻ı仯һ󣬱ȥ
һʱʧѣĻʵ棬λ߱ǣ֮£ŵƣ̸ԭȻϵѹϵ
һҲ̽һ£ˡְҵ׵һˡֿĳνͻƵרҵףΪ͵ʱ
ŮˣرԼŮˣԸ͵ĶΪˡ
뵽ϲɹһ˿ĵĵЦԸеĺ촽ȵɫӦòһѹ˵Ŀء

׽ϵĲͺˮԺɢɢģ廳һѳǼλͷҹͿһİ͹µŮˣͤˮ
ˮղٶմ˺ɫ˿ϣڲƺգֱԼɫЩޡ
Ǳʹ߰ҹ̧ͷʱԸк촽лһջ̾Ϣĵ
Щİ
תͷҹ˿Ƴһۡ
֪λŽпô
һ۱鿴λ֪ǲԴײǽˣʼɧŮˣҹ³Եʣµˮһ߾׽һ˵
пա
ô
Ҳţ϶뺦ҡ

У㻹ǴЬɣųе

ɢ·߻·ͤӵģߵһҹ͵ͷתˣ޼µһЩˮ
̫̲סĻȥǸС簡ܾӣҪҸԼߣɡ
һߣҹһ߰˰֡
ǰ漸仰˵ͷ಻飬󲹵Ǿ仰ȫǰɱ˳ʮŴ˳
ֱӽλʻͱ
ԭ£
ɫѾŤ鶼չ
Ѹص˷䣬һ˵ӣѸóͨԶͨѶˮʲôݡ
˺󣬲źƷйƵϳһ˿ɫɫҲƺHighĺ
ܿƺͲЩףƺЩˡ
ȻԷߣ˷裬Ϊרҵ׵ԼǿҩҲɡ
ѹ̫ôȻ߲ͨǻǰճʼƻȥǸСӰɣȻ˵㣬ô𵽵á
ⶪѾɷĩˮ׼ȥ
ֻǸոտţͿվſЦЦԼǸɶӰ
һ󣬺ַܿӦ˹
ߣ˹Ȼ˵ʵҲһ·ɫ
ǿŷţصذڳһ˵̬ɳʵ
֪ô䣬Ҫɡ𡣡
ˣֻǹ޸һ·ŵݣ˳յϢ
ҹЦ˵
Ժİɱһ㶣޸ķŵݣʲôݣѵ
ʲô
ܹΪʹߣķӦٶȲν죬ֵŭ⵽
ûʲôŴһĸѣû뵽ôϣ˵Ļ΢е㲻ţϢҾˡ
ֲ׵İ׼Ū󶯾ߣԼϲĶ֣ϾҲרҵڣҲޣֻҪֿһ
ŪʲôİȴͻȻ˶ԷǱѪͫףƺ˶˽ȥ
ʧȥʶǰһֻ̣ܺƴңԶЩ
ȻҪҡ
ˡ
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½Źغãû˶Ƶҹͷߣ·һɽʱͻȻڵ
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ΪСʦܵǸĵŮջ󣬺ʵսġ
һֵͷϣñͷ׷ҹҲûʲô˼
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ҹҲһûûνӡ
ڵϵС̧ͷСʦһֹۣ˵
ɱģҪǺֻһλʦŶҪʮСʦ
ΪɶҪңģ㸸ײҶֵģҪԸң·һЩĵõġ
ҹƽ˵۵Ҳһ˿ɫװ۵ͷӣҺķĻҲܹҲæ

һߣĺĸ߲㼸ҹۡ
κӢסֵһκĵŦزԼһڸ߹ܶһá
磬˵ĵȷǸǼ׵ⶫ·Ⱑֵȷг⡣
ŦزǵԼҵȡԼĳƺţȻϮҲûзسͷ⣬ʵԻһӵзصо
ͷȴʮǰõģӢȻźͷȴһԷʡ
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ѧԺɺ͹ɵĻϵ˵뱱ҲȻ׽
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ˣΣ嶼۵ģȻҶѾ˾ôǡ
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ʵһɵĵȷҪ֮ˣƫƫΪԷǵһɶθ˵ȴûеһʱȥ
ܿ߼޻𱻴ˣ˫ķ䶼ӵż籣ģ滹˵ڵĻǵɾʹ󽵵ˡ
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ðɣͬ˵ŦأҲıС
ҹ˵ĻǾҪʼβģӦԷˡ
ϧѯʵһҹҹͺֱܹ˵
ǰҸɵİ


315 ƾʲô
ո𴲣һ˯ʵҹֵĿԼˣףصعһ£û
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һɺԣƾʲô
Ӣסŵ˶Ծ߸۵ϢŦȴȫ޷š
ǰڹµϢô㿿׵Ŀܣɺȫ췽ҹ̷ˡ
ʮǰҲᣬΪԼ۾
ȻδȵŦذѻ˵꣬һɿµʩ˰ڵϣ
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ҹܼһٵ츳Уʮģ
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λŪƵĴʦʱһɫǺ죬ҹǻȫƾѪһλʵǿĴʦ
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ӢŦأȫס˿޷
Һز
ѪתһţڶΪͻȻı仯Ӧһġ
ɢһ̮仯Ťನ
ƾô


316 

ϵ
ôܣôû㣿
ҹʼ˵ǾϢЩ߸ۣҲǵѰĴˡ
ǹڰŻŵϢǶ˼ŵĿܣϾƽܶ࣬˵ʲôè̫ӵ¼ء
һҲѣϾ;ѪģѪ޷αװ
߲뵽Ѫ޷αװģתͷƷǶһ޶ĿѪ
ͬרҵףԷȻƾѪֱֱ֮ãԼ˶ã
ԱߵʦܵӰ죡
ԱҲһ˹ı飬Բۣϵ
ѹѪһĴڹȥܹģٲҲһ
ϵȫֻʣ±ֻ߽£ȫԿˣ
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δǰ;ǰƨ
ĪרҵõѪ֮ƣԼ޷룬ֿ츳ֲֿǱԼҪҲûˣǰıȹɡ
ûʮǰӦнӵӲǣֻϺʱڹֱӲμǴᡣ
ҹ˵°ͻƵ˵
ˣҼˣȷһλ»֣ﻹ׼ģֻǺǼȫڸȥһΪʲôûûϣѵ㣿ʱʱꣿ
Ŧһ˹ı顣
ǰҼԺò𡣡
ҹ¼ǲЩȴֻܷܹȥˡ
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˵̾ˣǶԷǼ²һǰڹܿĿų̶Ƚߣ
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ļ̳ĺλڷĻҳԱҲϧλеԲ˳Բ˳Ҫҹæġ
Ŷеرɣҡʷػƭˣⶫᡣ
ҹͳһöˮƽ˵
ΪʥλŵĹϵˮҲûܼ¼ȫļսһƬģҵʱؽûԲ붯֡

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Ϊؽ¼ȥº󣬴ҶΪҲ֮ʱ֮ģΪǽ˵ѡ
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Ӣ׵ķӦٶҲܿ죬˳ҹ·ԽԽԾ
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ǹĻ𡣡
˽ŦЩ̲סʵ
ſŮ黹淽棬ܻŶһõϢ
ţΪһУ״̬Щ鷳ȻֵܳģӦöҲһɡ
ҹ͸ǿʼϸϸ˳ΣǺϺĹϵҲãǰŵҲãֻǱĵ̡
ⶼҪȡսϵ
죬ҹǺλϺĶصĹһ˺ܾãؽס
ڵڶһʱ򣬺ſڣŻɫ綷Ӱ˺Ĵš
ڵȴĹУģͷ
ĺǿģע̬ȲҪ̫ȻұʵǿҲҪ档
ͷǵ׷ЩͽΪŶ
̲סʵ뵽һΥѻߴ˵ĺͲɴ˸
ѻߴ׷ôܻ⣬ѰҲ˵ȺӷӵѰӻ˰
һͱͱԼͬţüŪ
УӳͷҪѰС뷿ˣڽӵϢá
ǷɧǵĴϹȷһԼҲйôһλᶼЩղˣ֪λл𡭡
һרҵ۷壬רҵڣְҵ۷壬֧׷еһ֧


317 Ϊҵ
εķ֣ҹ˵ϢҲΪеЩ⣬ٶȺÿ찡
İȺͨѶֶΣһǻ޲ͨѶûݣֻܴΧڷѡ
һԼ˵ԶͨѶˡ
ӾϿܸϵֻͨһͨѶľȱ
˵׷Լ˵һ֧ء
ָҹϳһ˿졭

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˲ǳʹװȥ糾ƺǵĸ·ҰװΣһܹоˣֻרҵ˻
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Ī˹һĲ죬һǸһЩù£Ͱķֹкܴ𣬲ΪѰ壬Ī˹һ㻹ǻ˽һ
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Ī˹ҲԼ˴ͳıС
Ŷ뿪ǰƺǽӵλµĻ㱨ͻȻ뿪ģеȤĽҲֹˣ֪ǲġ
ŦزҲȫɫˡ
һ򵥵İʾĪ˹̾˾飬ſ;Ҫ
ǸĽһ䷿Ī˹óԶˮ


鷿ڣòͨͳʿеıؽ˹ǰı棬ƺ˳˼֮С
ϢԴԼΪõĺЫӰȻ츳ƽƽȴΪеӵԶ߱ĴֹۣϱòӳɣһλĶʹߡ
һ·Ҳȷ˺ܴãͳ͸ʩùû
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Ȼǵõ˰źţȥϺٴȷϢ
еĴѶˮü٣ΨһеǿиĵǼһҲ֮

µѶϢУƺĺҲ̽ӡ
ĺȻһϾϽϽܲ쳣Ҳȫ֮С
ĺĽ̽ӵνɳʦѡ
һȷϢĴڣпܻƷᣡ
ˡ
뿪ڷʩ׼ȥ̽һԼβŻ
ͷ֣һϵ¼ͷЩˡ
ŽӪͰһЧǳ˴طصǿ߳
֮ȺǴ׷ɱ¼ԼһЩȴͻȻ֣ټĺרҵ׵мᾹȻĪ˽
ʦǿҪ֮棬ǵĴʦǣƣڳֵҲ
ֻʵǹǿƫƫڵ鱨̽鷽棬û㹻½иЧҲޡ
ʦֲܵģܶҲ˵ʵԽǿԽãҲԵúҪ
ͨѶˮǸ׷ɱǰЩ׷ɱȥˣҲҲ㹻ʵҲʦ֮۷壬ùˡ


318 
ȻܹôˣôֱʣȻš
ҹƱؽ£ûӢ׺ƾʵ뱱ؽʦеٮٮ߲ʵ̫
ռݵ֮ҲްգҪЭİ֡
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̣ܹջҲǺʡ
£ȺĸµĴѶܻȽ̽Ϊ֮ǰĳڸִԵʣѾдӱĿȴ൱֮
Ϊڱи߲㣬˹ڣȻΪλڴʦʳ˵ĳǿߣɵ򣬶Ī˹ϵ

ԱؽĽ̽ʱһЩģӱϵϣҪʮ쵽һµʱ䡣
ٶص㣬мζϵϣʱø
Ϊ˷ֹͷ뿪Ҫ㹻ĶʳС
Ҫģʵ
˼飬ǻ״ṹȻ˹ġ
ȤȤ鱾Ͽû
ǻ󣬵̾񡣡
йʱھħַ

ڵȴʱ˰ųһЩʩ⣬ʱҹǹڷڸַ˫ĿãȻȴһֱдʡ
ϲźÿӶʮֱ仯΢ͽ硣
ȴпտʼ뻤Уǿݿ¼±仯
ϲ⣬飬ܹʥλǿ½磬ݿ£ʮʱ䣬ҹҲûٷ֮һ
ˣҲеԼڽ֪ʶⷽĿԼ֪ʶԽԽοԽԽ͸ԼٶҲڲϼ١
ڱոտʼʱٶѾԽʮһڼȥ
һֳԽ޷԰εĸо
˭Լᡣ
̯ƣĳһöתĵǣ󲻶ϷתҧϣϷŴ仯γһ״ģͽȫȥ
ݿЭܹϸ΢ģ⣬ټԶ̲ٿʥǹʵҹʵҲڻ

˿žɿݵѣУҹϥص˴ϣʼóƬˮϿʼڤ
Ǵռ任ȡˮþǼڤ롣
ÿõ֪ʶ淴֪ʶÿ춼ҪĸɾˮҹԶԶ˦Ŀ¾츳
ȫǹ󣬽ʮʱ䣬ҹȺǹ
߱ߵĹ֮Ҳ˴
顫
ҹոսڤ״̬ûãžͱڤ롣
֮ǰϵ͸֧ûкúûָɫøӲ԰ˡ
һصĽŴ˿ȻſλС㡣
ʱҲͬǶһȦƺЩҧгݡ
Ա߹ĵʲôӶ챻ˣߣĶҲС㰡ɫʲôˡ
ðɣ֪ΪɶΪԼĹϵԼõķ䣬ţڡ
ԼﶼоԱѧĻżܾͽָһʲôģҹҲûж롣
ֻû룬ȴܲסԸѧ˼롣
ô᲻ҹϮҰ
ϴ᲻͵Ұ
ҪҪҪŰ
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ģⱿŮ˾ԱϹʮ죬ӺȦܿ״̬ˡ
˵ص㡣
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ݴţɽ֮ʲôرмʺȾյ״
Ÿǿǰ̽飬ֹһ˿һں⵱еĳǹڿз衣
Ϣ𽥴СǿҲԽԽ
ֻΪϢݳȥٶȣϢʵȨԣԼ·ٶȣ˸ְҵǿ⣬ʱδרҵС
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ɼγϵʧˣλ۰ɵ´½ȴһֱС쳣ĳǿߣҲ⡣
ԼۼɢʥϢѪǹ֣ھѾ뿪ˣ
ڼȻȷȷʥʥϢӰ죬ƬħͨѶܵŵҲΧڣ˵ùȥˡ


319 ִ
ͽʵ̫ǿҪ׽ټǲܡ
һֻӥ֮ϣӢһصıҹ˵յ
ǼͨѶ׽ˮȷǷ˽ͨѶˮƵʲʾȨޡ
ӥϳӢ֮⣬δȫȬĿ˿֣Լĺϵǿһ״˵õıչأֱץ׳ˡ
λʦЯ˵ƵӢԼҹĺһгǿս
λʦʱǶСˣλʸûС
˵ϲĺķΧΪ˷ٿʥǹȻҲ̫Զھӥٶ£ûþͽһɽ֮ϡ
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թ֮棬ܹıòϢʦǿҲ޷⣬ÿֻʹһΣǵĿҲˡ
ӾӥӢ״ӿռָȡĿߡ
ǽʱڵǲϻַѾȱʧ
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Ҵ඼űٶ׺֮ɫεѾкüλ񱻴ˣһλֱӡʧ١¶ˡ
ף˵ȥʿѧԺãҾܹˡ
һòƤڵ꣬ʱ߽ڣƺЩԼŭŭĶ󵹲ӦǶˡ
˽ԼԸǲ̾˿
ûжԿĬĬܣ״һȡͷмк³
ЩҲ̫ˣӳǵĺǵģ컹˾ƺ԰Ҫ⼸ȥȽɵ˲֣¡¶
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ӵһλ˵ִСʼףܹǸԼȺǰʲô㲻ϡ
ӳΪ̴ӵǿʱ䶼ֻܳĬԶԣЩ޷
þûõò׵˳ڵһǿߣȻҲΪǺ
¾ȻЩ˻ҪԵ
СУĸеЩرǽ쿴챻˾ƺϷʱΣ
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ˣλŲ鸡һɫȵӣһͲʲôˡ


320 
̫СˣôҲΪСѾһùݶûС
żƤҲֱӽڴ
ҹҲǴΪȴ۶˺üΣҲԸǿȱˣϻҪ͵¼Ҳһֱûǿ
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λҪססãʲôľͲҪˣҪǸλ棬֪ʲôЩ̫޼ɵˡ
ǸԹˬ˵
ΪƫƧ˶ԽΪӡ
ҹûܾ뿪ǰµͺá
õķҹǣˣҲǱһ䷿
ҹ˿ֻ˵ǻûоʲôӢλĺȴȫ޷ӦѴȫøԼְصĹԣҲһû˯
ڶϣǲ˹Ϊҹ׼˷ʢͣľʳƺЩӴ˵д˾ߵĹ
ñһû˯ӢףҰζӾ
ðɣҹѾȫǽŮԸϰŴ˭ˡ
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֮ǰйԤУܾܿǳʦ̽׼һ
ֻרҵ׳̶ȵսǵĿԲ󣬵ȴֲȫų

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һЩֱӻ˽̿
ͨ۲Ⲣǳͻȫ˫ھѹƶɼ˶ĳ档
ӢǼҲͬԾңϸ۲ߵսۼ
ߡǱ߾Եصĵص㣬ûסʵ棬ܿܳרҵף츳ѪĶרҵ۷壬ǴʦĲΣ߿Ը󡣡
ҹĹ۲̶̬ȣݿ򵥵ɨ˼۾͵óһ߰˰ˣƽþԼͨ
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ѾʿѧԺΪеأ޹Ա뿪ҪǶ֡
ֻһѾ뵽ʯԱߵһӣض˹ˡ


321 ʱ
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ڸ඼̴Ӽż弸λְҵ׵ðȺУǾްһĴڡ
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ѵĽֻĺ
ԺпתѾ
ʦ˲õĴˣҪ㱨Ժ
ܹʦĹע廹֮ǰԤ֮ϣռݵ;ֲǿߵƣϢûԶȫл쵶ն顭
ȷˣǱԵݵһս
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ڱҹһºЩҲһȺƳ˸š
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ȻϵϺֵļ򵥲ãͱӡ
һʿѧԺļλʦȫɽʥ¶ͷضðеĶԷʲô岼Ҳױƻ
ͻȻ˸ֲ󣬾Ҳ࣬ʱҪӢȥһˣҲֻȥûصġ
ͻȻ˸
Ӣף


322 
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ˣʿѧԺϼһһˣһֱĬĺǱҲͬ˶
ϼһﶯû˿ʱ̧ͷߡ
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ˣȻĺԵĶǲ֮ǰ
ȿƻļһҪʱǿԳ֡
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Ӱٴʧ֮ϡ

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327 º
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ҹ̫ѨƺЩͷ۵˵԰׵ɫøˡ


328 츳һ֪
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Ӧð֮ǰ֮۷涼ѹƱģôںĺǱԷˡ
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߶ȵѹתÿ˼
ƺԼͻѡĸ
º󷴻ڣƶħԼ㷴һҿ


329 ֮ͷͶ
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ֱԷ̧뿪þòҶŹ״


330 뵱߱ߵĽʦǺ
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331 ʲôӵ
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ڴʱҹ֮Уƺǳһһ˫۵һڵذףϢĳҹĴȥ
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˵ˣǾ浱ֻôУЦҲа
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Ű͸ɫɴҲ޷ڸǱ޵ϣ˲˼ɫ
ƺǵȺԼʱ
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ķ²ͶֻΧ
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ɳƽĵĴӺɴ֣ҹҲת´һλ˵дλκ˵ĸ£ؽųɹһһߵڵģ˾ȻҲһλز¶Ĵʦ׵Ҳ˸е൱ˣ
Ҫǽ˺ҪϢͶӰͼƬϲ
ְͦε˫֮УߵĳԵļҹҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ҲˣҹŻʵͷ
Ŷóãλٴˢ˵߰
ոΪĳֶԼ׽˺ۼ˵ĸӦûǱԼ˵Ҫõġ
ҪźðҪҲҪƷһʧȥζ
ͫȫתѪɫҹҲӿֳһɫĻ档
ɫ涼޷ڸǵѪɫͫף𽥸ֵǵӰһۡ
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332 ռ
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رȼŽɫӰȻѷںˡ
ִѲϵĸ߲Уȴĵ׸ֿ
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µĲθУ˹ܹܵõڲʲô͡
̤նǹ·ϵĽɫӰгǰδеء
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Էǿ
пܶԼһвѾȫǴʦսˣ
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սǽܣδزԼ
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ԼʧˣƴٶȸˣҲҪ¡
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˹ֱƿϳҹǰһ̡
ɫȴǳһʦǰһס˶ԷĲӡ
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ˣΪҪŭǷ˲ר׳𡣡
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ٴɢԭصĲӰһɫӰʳƬ
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ǽɫĻ浽ʲôΪλ˿£ΪֱܹӲٿطǴеʥΪʲôƺ˫۾
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ÿΪ˶Էȴֱӱִ
ͬʱѪ޷⡣

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ÿһŶɢſµħ
һһŵȼգһħ·ϡ
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ͬʼĹƵ˹ٴλ˼ļܵԷ޾·ĵҲɳһ־޸С
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׼ôãôǱ֮ǹ

ոסһǹͷδһ˹͸еؿһʹضһ˺ѹᴩ˿ڣ
ۡ
һǺڷβѪ޷ɫ

ΪѾӽʥǿߣ˹Գ¹ȴǵһλŵĵˣΪˣ޷⣡
ΣôܹӴֽ
ңӦҲѾ̫ˣȻȡǵֵַɱûɢûóһɱһҲѾش
𡫡
ҹҲӱԷķлָ׼󲹵ʱ
˹һߣȻԼŤֱȫж
Ƕϱ۳ҹǰϵʹҹĵ׳һ󼫶ȵΣС
һ̾ٴʧԭأһöͱΪļʸ֮
ץסʸ˳Ʊʥǹħȥһǳɡ
䣡
ѪɫıƳ֣жһںɫľ޴塣
˹Ѫ֮ԶϱΪȡһο¹
Ȼҹ룬ȻҲʧȥ׷Ŀܡ
һҲ֪ǷлĿꡣ
ģʽȼյĶˡ
Ϩϻ棬ҹҲֻĿһѪɫʧʡ
ǲ㰡˸ֶԷûмֶͻȻϮ䲻⣬ȻûܿӲͷ
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ſҴĿҲã˹汻ܵϢݳȥܼٱı߽⡣
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333 
˹Զȥķҹûжٻǿе˷ܸС
ܹ˱ؽҪĿľǳ䲻⣬õȫǶԷֶ֪Σǽ緽ֻ̬ն
Ŷʱоҹ޷Լƽ֮УȴǿݿֶΣǿվʯķļʸ˿ռꡣ
ԴΪеĶ̾ռ֣
ʦĴ߶޷ﵽĳ̶ȣԪ֣֮Ҫ̶γɶ̾Ųƣ޷ֱõս֮С
ҹģԼʸΪ꣬ĽڵϿ̻ƶʹ󣬽̶绰ƶ绰ֱǿпǿļõʵս֮У
һóʵսЧҲǳȺʥǹϱеǱؽҲǳһס
ϧվʵǲ˶Է࣬ģʽӵʥǹֶþûֲ
Ҫ׼ıؽվҪԼͻƵʦſһս
˵ʦ׼ӵˣողŴﵽרҵ۷壬ȴǻЩ
һս󣬳ֱӵִ⣬·ҲԼٻ۵ĿܣսѹȺûѹȵĻٶȣĲ̫ˡ
Ϳ㣬æҵĥʯˡ

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Ϣ쫷һɨƬɵ´½
֮ǰҹϵϢǳֿЦ̬ȿš
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ҪҲΪֻǵǰĸ
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Ϣɵ´½ҪٴνϴƣرԭڱԼ֮֮ǰߵҪһѡˡ
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λӦԼյѡ񣬻ȥú׼µ̰ɡ
ҹЦݣȴ˵ĵ쳣Ļ
࣬ҲǸձʱˣ
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Գǿ߱ҪԶͬȹģС
ʱڵ̻פУȴһ󼦷ɹææµµضڰ˶װ
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ߣְҵ۷尡طһںطҲܹһˣԼǰһͽԹ
Сطˣûһ鶼á
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һ׼ͷ뿪үˣǴˣҪܵתƲƲԪ
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վԵְɳ³û뵽ĳϼء
תȥȴǿһվԺΧǽ֮ϣͷһӸпɫǱԼ߷ɵС
ɫ԰ףûѪɫŮϵǻãϾȫȵӡ
ΪͻȻ֣ԼȻûһǸֲļһǰˡ
Ǽһ̫죬Ҳû¼սӰ񣬻治֪ò
Է͵дкĵ׻ǲ˿
ǡˣǰĳС峤ţû뵽һﾹȻˣվԼĸ߶ȸСɫǵĶԻЩЦ
ɨǽͷϵҹһۣԴ̵Ц
ʱˣȻ˹㣬СǰĻ峤ء
Щɻķ֣һֱẠ̊́ӲײУϾȻ¶һֵĽѱ顭


334 綯
㡭ڻˡ
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һǿ̱˾ںûȥǿǽϵҹ
㱼䣬ƺͿһǰ˹̹Ǿո¶ͷǵһְҵ꣬һ갡ֻǶְҵ˵Ҳת۶ŵĶʱ䡣
ԼһͶǰսڶԷϵı仯ȴȫ޷ĥ޷⡣
Լһļ֤漣ĳô
ԳЦ£ɳ³ѾȫûǰΪϵ¼Ҽʱ緢ȫһλʧȥĿǷꡣ
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뵽ʱԼΪչ˵Ľ𣬻һЩɥ˹̹ϤӰɳ³ͷҲЩζ
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ԭɳ³ûԼȻŭ׼ʲôУȴĪеһϺ

ԭֻǶƵѸں绮գ졣
ƺž޴ڻյƲ㶼©״
©ԼԺӣֻ˵ǽϵӰ
ɱ⣬Ϊרҵ׵޷ؽҧֵĿӰζû뵽ȻǸˣ
Էô죡
Ҳû뵽ԷȻʶС
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Сطһ˿һִܺﳶϹϵ˶ܵľǿߣ
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ԼȻʺϵʲô
ԳЦ£ɳ³֮ɫʬ壬ҹȱȱתͷֵС
飬̫ء
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ͻȻһתѪϴصҹҲеЩֲ
ϵڱĸ
ʱȻܵʷǰսǴ屣򶨣һ߼һֽ۹ơ
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ñӣҹȴȫᣬȭͷӲٴҲãһᣬһԼӮˣνʷ۾ǱԼ㰴ڵĦСҡ
ҹûзĺںһѣҹӰˮݴƣɵ´½ĸ
ͨƽļޣûֱӵ֤Ҳ˵ǱؽʮǰĴ䣬ĸ߲ԣ򵥵Ƶ֤ǰõġ
֮ǰɵڱƣҲðͷܿܣʮǰֻбؽ˾͹ˡ
ڱؽҹڱɽЩݣ㹻Ƿƽ֮
ҹһ·Եأɨ˻ģԴݿ֮Ĩһ·ڤ粻ֿ
·;ʱʣСһֱûԮҲƱˡ
Ҳûȥ鿼Էģǳ˴̸·
Լûǩ뿪ܿ˰ɣ
ѡ񣬴ﵽĿĵҹȻҲȥ׷ɱĴɢ˾͹ˣ̷ӱƵһ͹ˣ

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үڣҲ׻

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һǺȷϣӵž˵ƣںأǸʦǰҲӦ
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ߣ֮ǰҹʧСٶȣȴˣȻĻᣬǱҪɳ޷֮ǰƴȫɱ
˹ȻأԸֹ̣ؼʱ̣ȴҲչֳΪؽ
ܹѡ񣬽ɵ»һȫƽȥôܻûбҪĹϣ

ڳ¿֮һɽ֮ϣԶǵɸڳ֮ӴҹͫҲѪ֮ɫ
綯ء


335 
ѾˣϷˣ𣿣
ڣ⼸춼ǴһּȽϢС
룬ĿʵѾﵽˣײǺķǡ
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ɽһۣʦ˴룬ߵλʦȻֻһλˣ˲ֱ֪Ƶ˳ˣǱ׷ɱˡ
ʣ֮ǰûвμжİĴʦǿ߾ȻѲһ֮
Ǵʦ׵Ķרҵ׵Ҳȫ治ˡ
λԽߣͻƵѶԽͻƱԽС
ʵϵȴҪͻƱߵö࣬ΪΣ
ΪԽ߲㣬ĿԻԸıͣϷŶĿ
ɾܶĸ߲ǿߣһĨȥ룬дЩ߲㣬ܲŭġ
ϣҹܹŵĲǱˣԼ
ɽһսѾ֤ˣҰ⣬Ѿ޷κζԷˣܹľǱۺĵ̡
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û뵽µĵ˱˽ƻȫ棬Ϊ˴󸽵ѣſڳ¿תһȦʧˡ
ڴʱڴһߡ
ߣҪЩûõģȫӦԵ׼͹ˣʳԵģȻ˵˻ŰݷãҾ͵
ǰζĪԷһһαȻܸԷκλᣡһԾҪþȫ
ǰȫͬλƶƻĻҲ
Դһս󣬺үͱˣƺʲôаطǿлָʵԸҲϲŭ޳üŮɱˡ
ΪĴ̼ô
ȻүҪȫսˣҲǱҪȫ׼ģ̧صĹײģʱܷŻȥˡ

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ʦĵ׼֮һתǽɷʦɿܵжϣʱħϮҲδ̫ˣ


345 ƾ
ħмʹ䲢û˼ǻҲѷɫǻ塣
ڸߵħ޶ԣǻȴѷɫࡣ
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УɳΪˣʲôʱѴ˵ɡ
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346 Ư
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348 Ϯս
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Ƽ򵥵ֶΣȴǰԼЧķ

ʱȿһµʵģչ۸ʮǰ嶼Ҷϵ庣·ҲܻÿһҴֻ
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˿ֻشҹ⣬ʵֲ˵㲻ʲôܣֻǶҹ¶Ի̫˽⡣
ҹСѣ֪ǿŴ;ᣬԸӵʥλ̵ĺ壬ҪСĽΪϣλ߾㲻ֱӳ֣ҲӵֶΡ
ͼݹݳҹѣҹҲ˵һʥѪ
ֻʥѪĻӦܹԿɣʦߡ


349 ʹͶ
һľٶԱֻһĶƾ˵㲻ʲô
𵽵Ӱãȴҹ쳣ͷۡ
ǺϻǴռȥɹԶȲûҺ֮Լ֮
ְҵ׻Էרҵ£רҵôʦԣ¶ôʦɵºʦĿȴҲ֮ʦĿ࣡
սǺ൱ģҲὲʲôӣҪȫڣ϶ѡʧС׵ķʽ
£ȵ֮ƺֻҹһˡ
۱Σգҹ̫ģԼʦ޵Уʥλ֮Լٶȵһ
򲻹ܻܹġ
һԼ뿪֮ûٶ֮̽׾жϳʦ޷֣Ӷʼ̽Ŀ㡣
ʱ䲻ҲУҲͬ˺强˵ʦǿߣȴ޷ڳ֣
һ׼򵥵ȭʹﵽĿġ
塢֮壬ıԵķȴǺܽӽࡣ
ټǱӵеۺսƣ֮ٴ˱֮У
Ȼ֮ǰʱãΪǰһôҺʣ֮Ӧַǿ϶źĲ䶯
ʱǲȡαİ취ɵ´½Щˣ·Σ̫ʧصĻȻԽԽ٣Ҫȥ취ϵһˡ
˶ƾһ´˼죬ҹŰݷԺ
Ժʵ֮ļλʦв㶥⣬ȴһһӡģܸ֮ߣ֮Ķ
ʵ˵ҹֱӽԷŶû⣬һλ㣬ȴڿҿҵǰҹǱֳء
ҹ˵֮ܳʵ˲࣬ǰԺ֮ǵļԺ·ҲûгʲôΧֻͨѧ
ɫĻź󣬵һӭҹģȴһס
ǵèèƹвҹɶӡλܼңҹǹһưɫĹܼͻһĵĹӱ顣
ҹ沿⹹ЩǵõһμţƺԼԺĵһӡҲǺġ
ǵ֪ΪԺоԼǲݸʲôĶȫ¶⽻ʱѧԺ棬ǴӶߵóôһ˵ܹ߼ƷζĹܼһ
ҹ£үԼó˵פԵƬ̣ܿͻˡ
֮ʦѧҹƺĶʦʦλ˵ţʿܼϣȴõпǸ
ó˵פôԺĵһˡ
ҹ˼ĵ˵ͷ͸ϹܼǰװλĻ·϶ë£ҹͺǼèĲһ㣬ܵޱ֮졣
ԺǺܲͬëںϵʱ̫ˣԱϹܼƺЩʧܰ
ҹûеȶã˵һפֻܵϢԼģҲû취̸ãܿ͹ˡ
ҹʦͷңΪҲⲿ°ɡ
ò˵Ȼרһ塱ܼңԸǺѸıˣһʵ൱ֱ
ûԺոó˵פô֪Ǹʲô
ҹŲˮͷѯʵһ뷨Ӧǲײˡ
ɵ´½֮⵽ϮܹƵֶεȷ࣬óȴǲͬһӵʥλˣʦĿҲȫʢʱڵɵ֮ϡ
ۺʵɵº廹Ҫǿ͹ʣºϮҲõ㡣
ֻҪӦǰѹأʼ۸ٶνˣʱҪһģ֮Ľβǹϵź
óƣٷֵĻҪƤʱ̫ˣǵϵ̻Ӧⲻ󣬶ƺó̻ᡮʹͶʡƷѾ·ˡ
Լ⽻˵ţҲһƨҡʼҡ˵̫ã̹ʡ
ʹͶʣǸó̻ôԶ󽢶ִ˶½һ̻ӵʦǿߵǸ
ҹƬ̡
˵ɵ´½óЩ񻯺棬˫ˡ
ʹͶ̻ĴҹȴҲġ
һ̻ӵʦǿߣó˵̻ᣬҲžصķ̻ķƺҲǺܺá
óΪٵľãϺͶ½ϵĳפʦʮλǷֲڸ̻֮УӵʦʹͶʣǶһҡ
˵ҲͣҡεҡڣɫЩ
ңǵĴȻǷ֮ǰͳˣȺΨͼԸ˵Ҫݺһˡ
ҹҲͬλ⽻жϣ߲ư
ֻǵҪ۸һЩǿܣǻǡ
ʹͶʲƷĴִ֮еĻҪö࡭


350 
ɫɢŨħװҵ֮ͧĸʷͧͣȥ
ۼ̶ȣȲ֮Сħͧۻ̶˵ȴ൱
ʵԺܸߣս˻Ĺܡ
ó˵פǵִʱҹԺ˴֮ǰ˷ͧӭӣλó˵פͬС
ڷͧͣ󣬲Ŵ¥ֱӴ򿪣ʮͳһ۵ԱһŲ񣬵ȴӻߣһȻ˳
һλʦħ
жϳߵʵҹӣʹͶʵĿ껹֮ǰжϵ֮ϰ
ֻʵĽףҪʨӴ󿪿ڵһֲεĽ׳һλרҵΪѾ㹻ˣ֮ĵλһλʦѰĴʦѾˣ
ھȻһλʦħѾӿݣɵµĴʦħֻĸ
Ȼ߲ơ
˹ִʦû뵽ˣһɰ
ȻʶߣֱӴЦ˹ȥƺҪһ㡣
֣Ǳ˹ֵķʦȴƵûֻǵĵͷӦֱӽֱ֣ǿΡ
ôأǵء
˹ֵ˵Ԫֻ֮δͻʦ֮ǰ˾ѾӴˣʱ˶ǴʦħҲûбֳľ⡣
ʦڽһʵ飬Ծ´ʦǰˡ
ҹʱǰеסӣȻҪԼˣѵλͼݳôǿʦǰ
ֱҹ˵֮˹ֲƽɨһۡ
յµӣľǰʱ䶼ˮƽûʲôʦ𡣡
ڵħǹſסԼԼ֮ʦ֣ҹҲӰ죬ѹ֮϶ûˣóȥˡ
ǵģʦ鷳ˣ¡
ԷһֱڼӣҹҲǴӲеӲ
ΪһʦħҹΪԷֱӵҪڼӣǴľ㹻öԷʱ̱侲
֮ҪˣɫԼռƵϷ磬Ϊ̸̵֮棡
ߣûʲô²µģֻҪ˵ĹأҪʲôɣС°ɣ˵
ֻǿҹһ仰˹ֱǲᣬתͷԡ¡˵
˹ִʦνӴ̸֮еĸˣҹʦ
һλʦ׵ħȷǸܵ˳صѹʦͬǿһֱǵλҪȻࡣ
һСӴ֮Ĵ֮𣡡
Ļ˹ֲûпڣԱУһòרҵʿ˵
˵ǴſĳۣȻܹ¿׵Ҳ˾òЭ˼Ӣ䡣
ϿҲֻжʮ꣬츳ԱȼĶ콾ΪѾͻƵרҵ׵ԵʣĿǰ˵츳֮ϣ
Ϊ̫ţֽλĹؿɶꡣ
һλʦħݷãԱлôһλδʦڣ㹻Ӱ콾ʹͶʲŵĿĻЩ׽͸
ʦȨȫȨ֪֮λܹƷ𡣡
ҹһҭȥרҵʿɫһǺ죬ƺ뿪˵ԣ˹ִʦ󣬻ǿȥֻתƻⷢй䡣
һСδǺǡ
û˵꣬˼ȴˡ
̫ˣʮרҵʵȻֻܽԼСС֪޷ĴڣҲпԭ
£ϴʦ׵ϢҹһžͽԷΪĵطڵϣ
ԷȻֻţֻ̳˺СҹѾվ˺ͬһ߶ȣѾνŻΪǿߣ
ʦ׷κ㹻ĴջȨϲ
ûпͷѹֻǹȻϢɢѾʹͶʵ˶ɫ䡣
ûȥڵȫͼڡ
ôĴʦǿߣרŸıòϹְɣԣʼзľʦֵġ
˹ֱλЦҪѣȴݲפ
óΪ·⣬ԶĹϵɵ´½ѶϢ˽൱ͺģʮǰıʣɵ֮󣬶ô
·⣬˼زԶ٣滹Ҫɶ
ҲСϢǵٶӰˡ
ֲεԶͨţλפ϶ҲûܸϸϢѶϢࡣ
ҹ¾ǽĨȥλ
Ȼ˹ʾ⿪ˣλפҲǺֱӣԼĵҹҪӵĵط˹ִʦˡ
һֻһʦӾʹˣ
˵һλʦȴͷŴʦͷϢҪ˵ô
⻰˵꣬һֱŸ߸ϳȻ̬˹֣ɫ൱
ôλŽɵ»ȻŻǲɾŰʼΪʦİڿ֮Ҫ̧ˡ
Ӧþĳִֵ֮زŶԣ˹˿һеǹ⻪
ʦľǣΪ͹ۺΪķжϡ
λפ֪˴ʱ˹ĵ뷨»ĳ󰡣ǹͷˣ


351 ĺԼ
󡢴ʦ
˵ʱ̬Ϊģʾλҹͱɸӵ콾ŵˡ
ӳ֮ʱһֱߵĺģ츳ҾŬ⣬δҲضΪƷģ
ͻרҵ֮ǰôλͬ콾Լȼ磬ԴԼͻƵרҵ֮󣬿ǵøˣѾԸ߳һΡ
ǾϵһЩʦͷԼ࿴ԼδǱԼ
ԼнһУȴԷƲһĶ˵ϼ̤Ƿû֣
ʦôܣ
Լ츳жɫȻɼˣòƷԴʦԼڷܸĺˮҲȥͻƵרҵס
ˣóˣ
ȻԼˮеķ
Էôܡ
ŵΪǿߣѪͬʱ̬ȷȲһΪҹ򵥡Ļչ¶ѾϢ
ֱ˹ðĿԣŽؿھһƽϢָƽ
ƺٹעҹһ㡣
˵ٹע
ôλˡ
ͬΪʦͷչ¶ǹ˹Ҳòӡ
ԼڶԷ֮ϣҲò϶Էµ츳δȻջ£ʥλ֮ʵŪ
ԷѾ˺ԼƽȶԻʸѾӺ콾Ϊͬľͷ
ŵʩѹʧˣ̸ֻˡ

ʹͶʵһˣУۺ¥һҵУ֮ʹͶʵλһΪ
·ϣҹҲѾ֪ˣͬ˹ֹģλ츳ȷܸߵʿ⣬ҲǸҵٮٮߡ
ũҵħʯȵȣԭϵҵרҶУ
ǹĿģ˵֮߼չ׬һô򵥡
̸ϣҹǰû־飬ô̬ϾҿƣȴܹȻӦѹֵĻ
ѧԺѴѴפ˽⡣
˹ֻרҵ⽻Աʦħľȴܹ׵ץסص㣬ڵһ֮ġѴͼռϷ硣
ǼµνֻҪϳǮеԸðգƺǽϵ֮ǰͳˣӦûʲôԭɡ
ҹҲûǵףֱӳǰͳ£Ǽ˽׵ǵǵȷ·硣
ʵڷϵ֮ǰߵĴѾ·ˡ
ޣµȷǴ˴ιص㣬ҪǵɵǩóЭһֱδУǹһ취
˹ȴҲûаѽ˼˳ƾͽεĿĽ˳
óЭ飿
ҹüѯʣ˹־ͽ׼ãһЭ鸱Ƶҹǰ
ݿĽĿĵļӳɣҹ̧־ǽһ˸ߵЭƵ㳮һĹһ顣
ǳ
һʮǰóɵǩóЭ飬ͨó˵ȨʹͶʲƷתЭ顣
ǣɵ¹³ģѵһʮңó˽ɵó5%˰ʮֵ֧ծ
óܹȫó
һ˫ӮĺԼ˫õԼҪģ׬ȡ㹻ô
͹˰ٽóչôҪҹеĿ½
Ͷ֪ˣЭûִм꣬ͳ˺ϴص
ɵ¹ˣ·ҲΪĺˣ˫Ǽɵ
ţЭҿˣǺϷԼҿǼУ⡣
ҹЭûие⣬˰ѣڹҶ״̬˭˰ֶӺĻóġ
ˣι˵ҪЭ飬Ϊ֪ɵ»ֳֺ󣬹ι黹Ƿġ
˹ֿ˼
Ҫ˺Э𣬵ʮҳİʮ˵ˣ󷽵˺ٵĻȫ軹Ǯġ
˹Ҳ񣬶Էһ£ȻͽôĺԼݼˣ
Ҳ׼ܿ췴Ӧ˵
˺Լǹ˺Լ󷽲ûṩǰݵĽ׻
λħۻ𣬵ڰʮҳһʮ˵ǵṩȶĸۿڡֺͲû˵
ҹȫУֱӸԷԼϵĸɻ˹ִһְʯͷԼŵĸо֪һݽĴݾˣ
ȶĸۿڹ󷽲ûṩǺ棬ǹħͧ⺽гɱ̫ˡ
ȥʺ尡ֲǸģԼֻ˵ۿڣû˵󻷾ҲǸޣⲻ·ϹθʲôҲҪͷϣ
ҹһַ˼˵Īĺ˺·ҼͷˣֱЦ
ﺣģǹ𣿡
Ŷ˵ʲôˣʵϷʥŮĵҾˣȻأ
ȻȻðܲܺú˵ˣôӣ˹ڱǿѹ£Ѿץˡ


352 Զ
ҹôҭһ䣬˹һʱ侹Ȼ֪Ӧλش˰κ󣬲ǿ˵
ȻѵӦñʾʲô
պԼ·ǺϵģǵʧðɣҪɵºóһʩѹú䡣
ҹһ˵ɵ´½ԼҲʦҲ£ˣܺó˺ʩѹǵһ°
̸һ¾ͱҹˣ˹ЩӦ
˺ûʲôⰡյ壬˺ķŭŷĺ·ӦҪ⳥ʧ
򽲺ԼЩмܲסˣͿʼ˽塣
壿ź侮ʯŮ˾֪𡣡
ҹָӣ˿Ϊ⡣
ҲҪ⳥ˣֻҪһʮһǼɣҲǴרҵԱɵ´½ʲֻǹ帶һЩֵƷծ
ӦܸŶԷת֮˹ֿʼǿӲı̬
պԼ˵ý׵ŻֵģƫƫƺǿŻûʲôҪ;ˣһɵ»ҵı
̬ǿӲһ˿в˼
Ŷǲ׼պԼ׼Ӧʱû٣൱ߵȼĹԼΥˣǴԼջء
ҹָ濿ϣĵ˵ԷԾǿɵµľȵزûǰһմߵĺԼҪһ
Ǹأ̸ֻ񲻽ˣҲִвԼ
ò˵˹ֽ˵ıʣתƾ񷢻ӵ쾡£̸Һ̸Լ̸ԼҺ̸壻̸壬Һ̸棡
ƺֻҪǩ˺ԼͱҪ׬ǮпֻҪпǱ˵Ĵ
Ҳ͵ԼûΥԼƺͱǹ٣Լִв˵Ĺϵˡ
ҲǸˣƾԼ½ǮƾʲôҪ
Ȼҹֱӿˣоŷ
ȻͨǾ͸ɴ㣬޷ǾǳûˣʲôֶΣóɣĻ˵ԼҲִвˡ
ĻþҹԱߵĸԺһ±ƣò˵ԸԷּһҪǿӲ
һ˿϶Щ̰ˣǾܽԷӵ¡
Ļش˹Ҳɫ࣬ȫ
ȥ뿪Ŷû˽סԼʱ򣬲תͷ˵
߹´ε᰸УƺǷҪɵ´½ػˣ˵ˣ᳤̻ܻܵĺѡǺΪ֮
ذϢһ֮ѧԺ˶ɫһ䡣
νɵ´½ػˣʵԪְֵ֮𵽱Ҫʱ̺ʥλٵá
ҲΪˣɵʱڣ֮ȻȻ⡣
߹ᾹȻ׼ָػˣȴһ˲õϢ
߹᣿ҿɲǵɵɳμӣػ˵öǲлȨ
ҹȵ˵ûбԷӰ졣
ν߹ᣬдߴ󹫻γɵĴ顣
ɵҲŲλʸ
ƲɵҪֱöػˣϲԣ
㣬ɵµĴλ᰸ύʱǵļ

̫ģС͸ط߹᲻ܵΪһٿԵʣϻᣬʱ仹ԣǰѹزҪģĲҪ롣
ҹ֣Ի֮ѧԺ˵
ó˵˶ַˣǡ
Ҿһ㣬ʹͶʵַˣóˡ
ҹ˵˶һ
ﶼ̻ᣬ˵ı˵ҲǮ׬ǻ᲻׬ֻҪ㹻ľ͹ˡ
һЩʣ¼۸̧ٸߡ
˭˵һҪʹ㹻ֵðյزҲа
˵꣬ҹǳһƿʵϴҩ֮ҪԵսԼֵߵˡ

֮ϴҩϢһĴ˳ȥ
̵ܹսƷֵߣȴش󣬲ǵǮܹġ
̸ƷֿĶ
֮Щҩ޹ҪҲܼ򵥣㹻Ʒˣһԭȵļ۸չЩƷ
˫ӳ֮£ɵ´½ЩʵðˣǵõϢó̻ᣬʵѪζһӿ
ȵҹչվĳ滹Ҫö࣡
վĿޡ۸񰺹ʵ࣬ƷȴǼ򵥰
οרṩϴҩ
ǻ͵͵ŪĿﵽһ̶ȵʱȴҲЩĵ׷ˡ
滹ó˵̴ǰΪ򸽽ĳ걩꣬ó˵Ĵֻȷ࣬ϡȱʳֺȴһʹ˼Ѫһð˳

˹ִʦôϴҩҩʦȫͷ
Ȼ֮ͣŵԭ̨ƻȻҲæҵ˹Ѱ
ֻŶ룬ֻ˫Ŀ죬ɫ԰ײ϶һƿҩ˹֣ﶼš
ܣôܻôܻҩ


353 
˹ֳѪ˿ƺҪѳ飬˲ҰһɫϢԪػңϵŵеǿµܲ
ԽԼ˺ԪϢѸոսŵð
δλʦħϳֹ֮ǰ̸֮еʱ򣬱ըľܾ˹ִʦ϶һֱһַʦĸ߶ǡ
߹᰸лػ
ڣŹȥãΪ˹ִʦһģ
ΪʦħȻȫܿԼϢǷұŰԪϢȫ޷ס˵˹ִʦϳ˴⣡
ŵΪܾӢ콾ܿ侲ж˾棬ͳһħᣬֱ˺˿
־ΪԼϣֹϵħơŭ֮״̬ǰҲǸոպá
һɫ˹ͻȻ³һðѪ
ıҲѸƽҡһ¾ֱĿϣĺһɳƵ
ŵӦܼʱҪллˡ
ƺѾָ˹˹ֶȻһ־ȶĻ״̬ɫҰס
ʦӵӴľܹԽǿܹԽȶһȶƻǿֲ̮Ŀƻ㹻ɱκһλʦ
˹ָովԶҲܵ˾޴㹻ƻȶĳˡ
˹ִʦոô¡
ŵ˹ָֻҲ˿̹ĵѯʵ
ŵѯʣ˹ȴǲһӵɫΪһҩʦѾԶԶԽ˸߼ҩʦҩʦ
Լҩ츳൱԰ģʦħһοԼҩ츳Լħ츳֮ϣ
ûԼʦƿΪѡ֮ʱʧ̫ˣߵѶ̫ߣڳٳδܳԡ
ɼˣѾԼ˦Ԫֻ֮գҲûжϵƣ
ΪղûʲôرóרҵÿһһЩɶĲ˵ȴ㾫ͨҩҲȲԼ
ǣô
ҩο֣ܳδģ
ԽҩˮƽˣԽеĿ£Ѿ˵νҼطˣֻ츳ݣ
֮óνƷϴҩͷעصĻҩáݵҩֶΡ
ӵҩֶΣܹܲĹ컯ҩѾҪˡ
ҩҪƴַȴᣡֻܹСͨƷʣЧҲҪó̫ˣ˲ܼӴѪʣҩ죡
ܹﵽνĳ̶ȣõ컯ĿҲҪö࣡
ֿЦĲƿֶνˡҲܹ䱾ʱ䲢֮ҩ
ƲõֶΣѾҪزˡ
ûֱӻӦŵĻ˹ɳƵ˵
ôᣬȻ֪ŪҩƷʵϴҩĿ϶޵ģǲ޹ӦǲƷӣܹ̻ġ
ŵЩ޷š
֮󣬳Ҫ֮ʩѹһ֧黹ֱǰɵ´½˵½ϸ
˵ҪǶԸ֮ʲôģֻ˵һǰγһѹϾɵ´½֮ѾûʦǿߵĴڡ
⻹Լķ
ڣ˹ִʦȴ˵Լùɵ´½ƷӰޣóڵ̻ỹǻӰɡ
ûõģǵҩֶѾҩ㲻ҲԶˡ
˹ҡվԴһ˿˵ŵ޷ŵĻ
ڲƷȻ仰ĺ壡
ܹҩζְҵǿߣ
ܿĸʣӶԴʦײٳרҵ״Ŀ
ĿȡҩĲ
һ¾ŵ
ʲôЦ
ûһĶǴʦǿߣʦ׵ľͷж٣º;һĿɶְҵרҵף
ְҵǿ߾ִǻָӹ٣רҵ״һƹϽΪŦĵͳ
ܹɴְҵ׵ľӣϰӾϣһܹγɾ꣬㹻Χɱ˼ħܹôʦ׶âĶ飡
Ϣ̫ˣ֮ȼպ˵ʹͶʲƷó˶޷֮⣡
ŵǾޱı飬˹ִҲʲô󿪿ڵ
ⲢһֿƹļӦֻضˣضѪļյġ
ܹڳļɣӵ֮˹ֶĸԸϧΪҩˮƽ̫ˣоüܹ쵽ģ϶ӵĳֶص츳
ѵȫģʧػɵľںϣΪһϸķʦ˹ֲ˻ҵƵС
ȫʲôҩ֪ʶŵȴ˿
ˣҲ̫˾ˡ
ĿԴģԴƹ㣬ǰǰֻѡҪôҪôעһ
ֻмһ˲յļǿѡǽٲãҲѡ
֮ǰìܣ˺ǰЩʲô
ǻƣǾֻҲҩеǱ̻ɳĿǰõϢҲֻ֪ҩҪơ


354 ʱ
ʹͶʵ˵һѡȻҪǽˣгԶʳ
ûзѶ󾢣ǾʹˣòЩҩȫǸͺ޲˷ɵ»Ƶģ
ҹڿϿǱֹһΣʲôܣҶҩˮƽ޵˵Ҳ֪ҩܺðˡ
֪Ϣ˹ŵ˶һַҵĸоǽǻĪƨ
ѡһҲȫһѡ
Ϊ׼ˣΪȵʹͶʲƷջѡŰݷˡ

ȻܹݷԼ˹֣ҹһֱˢ޵ĸо
νʱ˰ɣоĸ磬ﶼǴڵġ
ó˰ڲ඼ֵ̻ĵط
ҹ£Ҳйֵ˽ͽˡ
ţҹĳƺѾ˾ƣȻǰǻҲҲ˳֡˽⡱͡
ҹ¶һ۱飬Уʱ䶼ҩūˣƣ
л˵
ŹǷ̬ȣͨܿеķܡ
ģ˹УҩȨʣҪ̸̸ϸڡ
ŵʢϵǳһЩޣ˹ȴȫҹ̬ܵȣһֱ䵭ϾȻܼЦݡ
ŶҲҪһ֣û̸£𡣡
ҹĴ˶Էһ䡣
û̸£ǷݺԼȸãǿԶ̸Ⲣͻ
쳯׹ĳϿܴԽˣ˫ó׶ȴȻûм٣ûκγͻһһ롣
Ҫǰ֮ҹȷҲᾫľֱӾܾǡ
ʹͶվóӰ̻֮һ
صŵĻӦòǵֻ˵ҪҩͷԴ͹ˣûҪصԼ
Ȼ˹־
ʹͶʣҪһɵļ۸񣬰˹󷽵ȫҩҲ㹻ʣгڵĺ
˹֣ص˵ܹ¢ҩ˵ֻһɣǷȥûģ
ĳЩԣϲóȥû˿ôݶѣ
οŽǮ򲻵Ӱ죡
ֻһɣҲּۻ۵ֶ
ǡںǲǩͺԼ󣬷ͼϴҸ˺ٰǲԺǽ˺鷳Ƕ취ɳӻǵĲ
ҹϼһһۣó֮ǰ˵¡
˹ֻЩΣ۹ⲻܴڿ⣬ͺ̸ˣй뷨ԼȥԷɵ´½ʴ
Ȼ뷨϶ǲܳϵģ˹ЩӦٿ֮ҹȴϵ˵
һǿ϶Ҫ˶ԵõȨҩһɵļ۸ҲǲС
һ¾˹ͷһϲȻ֪϶кֻҪ̫־У
ʹͶʲƷλʦʱ֧ԮλӦ壬ΣȻҪǩ߼ԼģҲǡ
ҹֱ׵˵Ŀ˵൱
óˣʦǿĿɵʮǰҪһЩͳôԶ뿪ôõģȴĲֻ࣬ܶһλʦ³ٸߵļҲ޷Էôʱ䡣
һϼұˣܷʲôô죿
ҲʹͶʲƷӵλʦĳпܳʦǿ
̣֮ǰԼʱãھ̸
ҹʹͶʲƷѧϰ˾ȴҲųǰ󻯵Ľף
´֮Ϊ֮ǰǺԼһУ̸νס
ҹҪһ˹ҲЩò׼ˡ
ԼȨ޺͵λ൱ߣʲôҪʦҲӣ
⡱ʦǿ߿ӣó˲ʲô¶ݡ⡱õĲͬ϶Ҳر
ֻվĻʵҲ̫࣬ܶʱĽҪĻ۾ҪˣΣԴﵽһ̶ٸߵļ۸񶼲֡
˹֣ڹ֮վԵ
ʣǺˣͷϵĻǺܿҪ뺣ǿһ˵ղСͺϵ񣬾һ鷳ˡ
˳Էģôﺣ壬˼˵˳־Ū㼸̴˭ȥ

˹۵һ¶һΪѵӣ̾Ϣ˵
޷λ᳤ҵľҪڳʱϵĻ൱ѡ
ΪڣӦṩ㹻Ŀһҩϴҩɱҩ
ҹһӦ£ǳ£֮ó˵ĸŴ·ƶİʱ䡣
һפ֮
°ҿԳһ£Ƿͬ⣬Ҫλ˵˼ˡ
ɱҩֺ˹ɿ˼֣ǳסһΪѵӣֻ˵Ҫȥѯʡ
ôʲôȥ¡
ҹҲͷͿ״
˫ͬʱתڶԷ϶һ˿ɫ
˹֣ŲƷͺĹϵʩӰһ²͹ˣȫս߸ɡ
ҹŲƷͺĹϵӦʩӵӰϸ¡
ţȵԼȥһ˻ںԼǰˮӦǹˡ


355 ֮
˹Ǵʦ۷ħλͼݹݳ˵Ҳѷɫ٣οҩʦ
ʹͶʵλ᳤Ҳ㹻ڷսʱڣλ᳤֮ǿλߣҲܱȵ˹ֵá
ҩˮƽ̻һ
ó֮Уеļλʦ֮һ
̻еĻȨʱܻȵһλ᳤أǰҩ棡
֧ʹ÷ѣ֮Ĺ̶ͨѶ̻ȡϵҲ֪˹ô˵ǰ״ģгεʹƷλ᳤һͨ顣
ұʾλ᳤ǰôֻλǿĴפرʱ׼ˣȫȫҪεĶ
ͬʱװʣ㹻ͻ֮ľͻ֣ҲѾӸۿڳʻ
ҹûдӦǾṩĿҩȷ˵ڶԺó˵ҩۡ
ǳߵ¢⣬󿰳ƿֲ
˵Ҫǲ֪ܲ׵ծԼҪ档
ȻΪˣ̸׹̸ף֮ǰҰҲֻܷʱãһ˫֪

֮ͼݴŨԶƽʱĹ⻪Ӱ˴֮ϡ
ѽϵǷأǸ·ѵʱ࣬Ǽ۸̫˵㡣
һ۾һֱЦӣȥʮ꣬ʹͶʷµӣȥһ޺ż͸һ˿⣬ƺһֱЦ˵
עС
Աһλò࣬ȴһֱĹײ䵭ĺǳһ䡣
˹˹£
ʹͶʵĵڶ᳤᳤һʦ
˻ֵܣϻΪǿ
֪֪ˣֻҴһͷ
Це˹ʼ״ʱɨܣΪʦʸԼ˸ܣ
ӭλ֮ҴҵʦԪ֮λʾеʺ򡣡
ҹƽĿˣһһʿ⻹ֵء
ŶǸŻ˹˱ɵ»壿ʲôֵĵ𡣡
˹ȻЦеӣһɻĿֱӶҹʵ
ӦǺʧһ־ٶȴӦһ㡣
Ȼһֱһ̬ʾˣ˳һͬϰ߸УҲֱӴһЩҵĿжж˷뻳ɡ
ʲôأˣҪԣˣͣʱӱˡ
ҹڳһΪӣͬЦɣƽʱҲġ
е㶺ϲе˹ȴûн仰ǹײ˹¿ڵ
ҵܸλ鷳ǱǸΪԼ˹ִʦʼɡ
ΪԷ˳ƴӦд衱һµģҹҲû뵽ǻ˽ˣʦء
ʱǣȻ
˹˹µĻȴͫ΢΢һĿҹһۣͷ˵
λϸ磬ԼѾ׼ˣ͵λǩˣǹԼֱġ
˵ǳĬȥֻʦħľȻЩûܿס飬ʱȴ൱𶯣
Ϊ˹˹ֵܣǷֱ˸ĸ׵Ѫ˵ѪͬΪܵܵ˹츳ѪǡΣ
Ѫսûʲôȴܹ׻ŵж϶ֵΣճ̶ȣ
ҲǿѪֵ˴Сһ·նߵڡ
ո˹ˣеԼǶԷĶ֣
꣡
һֱΪǸŻҵ̻εʵӦǴʦεļһȻһλʦ׼ӵţ
Ϊ֮Ϊ˷ֹɵµս̫飬ƾմһλǿߣڷ־Ȼģ
˹ҲòÿµľȶƽԼһܵ˾ŵӡ
ʦǿߣƳֶҩһδߣ
֮ǰõķǲҪһˣ⡭
Ǳ

Ϊ֮ǰѾͬ˹̶ˣ˹ֵĵȷȷ൱ߵĵλλʦǶԡʦƺ
֮жԼǩٶҲˬ졣
ǩ˹˹˹һУҲص֮רΪǰŵıԺ֮С
϶ոյжϴʲô
Ժ˹óһ̲˹ȻһײЦе˹ʵ
ѯʵ֮䣬ϾһֱЦУ۾ƺδ˹ȴǵһЦݣ峺һ˵
Ҳֻ̫֪ĶϵĻţɡ
˹˹ԣͬʱͷ
ʦܻ䣬ҪɱһλʦǸͬǿΧɱҲѰ쵽
Ƕ˶Ա˹һ࣬ûʲôֶΣǱλ˹ʦ׷ɱҲаձȫ
˹Ȼ˵Էϣев
⡭
ʵʵɣǱ߻᳤ѾкˣƺҲûйļƻǵС
˹ƺܵʲôࡣ
ǰѵһӣ˵СӲҲˣԼϵ㵽ˮ©Ҳ˿©Ϳӡ
˹ƺָֻǵɵЦеı顣

ʦҡ
λأ˹ǰһоͰˡ
ҹ߲֮˸𣬲ҽ֮ĴֽλϹݳϣʦ۷ħʦķʦ֮磬ټλվڵʦ֮ķûм٣
ΪʹͶʩӵӰ鷳ĿԻˣ
ˣԼҲڳֳŸһЩ¶ˡ


356 ռ
¡
صưŵĺ泤ڱӿ״̬
ûйˮһƬڡ
ܵ䣬ɵºļˡ
һػˮ߱ѹúܵ͵Ĵ͸״ϵźѵĳǰС
˻ϵĳϼװ壬ֻ˱뺣У
ѾʮϰӦߵĺ֣Ǵֻ죬ˮֵľ飬Ѿֻ൱ϰߡ
ȻҴֻѧͽħӡԵıˮ붨Ѿ㹻ս
ڣ˾ҵĻζ֮£ˮǶæµĲţӼװӿĺˮ̶ҪѴ
ˣСǣҼӰѾ֮Ļ۸ɳҩһƱ㹻һˣ
ӿĺУôֿкš
ǰ״Ҳ⣬һжһٴκǰɹ׬ȡ㹻Ӧ׬ȡĽˣ
ϣ׬㹻Ǯϰܹ»һҶħͧƲϷͨҪö࣬ҲͼֵҪȶеĻ
ҡڵĴд󣬺ܿ˴ҡ
رΪֺĴȡ˲tϵԱãһǱװ
Ҳڣʱ󸱾ڸ۲⺣
гѾˣܿ뿪ĺ֮ķ䷶Χˣô̵·ÿζҪôãǷ
ϵĺˮɤϾɾƺ
һֱͳȫֵϴֻƳһۣϻǴһ˿ɫ
ÿ궼ôˣҲе״
ǵϴǴ뺣Ӧá
ȻĻû˵꣬һֵĶ㣬ȴǱһֱƿ
ԭܵĴңֱӱ¶ĳ񣬺صƾͷƺҲƽû˵
Զ׵󺣵صУ˵ĻƺѾ
һͨˮӰ˴ֻǰ
ܵĺƺΪĳֶƽϢ˶ͷ䡣
ĿˮϵӰ
ϣ뻤ǡ
ϣڼװϣԱߵ˼״Ҳ̰ڳ̬ͬ
ԭ¡
Ǻͽ

ŷѰֻͨ˺壬ڳͽݣһкܴܲᱻΪѡ
ǰΨһܹȡԾȷʽ
ˮϵӰ·ĴֻеǣҲɳһ˿Ϸʡ
΢ϣܳΪͽȻǿڿ˵ͽôΪ׼ȡúɣ
̧֣µˮֳһ֣Ҫȥ
ڴʱյĺƣȴǱһᴩֱӻɺˮɵľ֡
ˮ䣬׹亣档
ϿյƣҲǹᴩɢ¶˲Υ⡣
һ£ƺʥԵӰɿŻڿУע·
⡭ʹǴĹ
еˮ봬ֻʣͷ
ǺǡڻǳˣΪЩһı΢ڣȻ˼򵥡
ˮϵӰ˿ΪԷֹԼŭǷֻ֮ͨˮͻȻκֱӿʡ
֮ǰһγĵ֮ͨƽƬռ䶼ȫһ㣡
ӰҲǼˮ֮ϣ
뿪Ҳ޷յ٣ȴƫƫѧλ
ֻǳһ°Ѷ㣬ֻһ򾡣Ȼǳˡ
λϷʵ֣ˣ
λʦһλǺ壡һص׼ռ
࣬ȻǻһЩ޷ֵط
壬ƽĿڵҹڿһˡ
յҹʦΧµĴֱʣҲ΢һ˿ɫ
ȻλЩҵϡ
ܹ㣬ֵˡ
ɫһĽλͷŽɫƬĺһƽ˵ƺⲢʲôֱʣʵΪͬʱʦҲ˲پ
Ҫǵķ̫ˡ
ҵ˼ˣ˵ǽֻˣʦ㳲˭ǵš
ҹ϶ͬʱӿʦ֮
ÿһϣΪʵʻľѹһȦԵ֣տɫĹΣλ屳ǳһӰͼڣ
ʦ֮ľֻ
ĵΧ֮Ļ֣ļǰҲæץʱų֮ķǰ
ּĿս΢һҪ֮ذ
ɨһܵĴֻҹƺƲƲ죬ӳĻ죬Ȼ׳ˡ
λʦȫʩչĻ
ˡ
ھͽȫ¶ƺе㲻أվǺ֮ϣԼҲиҪҪ
ǾǰҲһ£Լļɣ
绮գӿĺ棬ƺΪ˵Ϣ棬ǿƽ
ƺֻ̣Ҫһ˿ƣͻ֮䡭


357 콵
໹˿ԴΪǧǰ𡣡
һɫͣտɫУֱ̼ʳҹںƵĺԼִǰѾҹǰ
ԭ׶ͣڼٷɳиǲͣ;ʹﵽף
ȫڱըԵƲס
޴ҹ£ѹпռ䣬ȫҺ
ޣ޻ѪͳҲϡˡ
ͷƳǽ£˫֣һӰȫ飬𹥻ĺȴһû˿ֿͻеĸо
츳Ǻ̫˷ˡ
ߵûüطһտɫ㱻һѪɫĳǹ˺ѣ
ţ
ͱȥҹƺǲʲôһֻѸѹסǹβԭ׼̮Ĵֱ̻ӻ˺顣
Ǿ޴󻯵ĺײһȦֱջɣ
˺棬˾޴˻
һ̣ˮҹվ֮նһƬ
ߣˡ
һɣȴǸû˶Ƶ³ĺˣԵЩ
ҹʱʥǹΪ飬ʥǹܵļӳ£ҲǼΪ£Ȼ⣬ûж˿Ӱ죡
ҹ߱ߣλŴʦ±ҲѾﵽʦżʥǹķŴ֮£һ֮ѷɫʦǿߵһ
һƮëֳӰҹ·û˶ƵĺˣҲһ˿ء
Сսôǵļʩȫ츳ȫ뷨ʦûпɱԣӵѪͳϵְҵӵ˿ǵʩ֮¡
ԷϣͺMTޣϵ·ʵϣҹҪ̴ǼֹʱŸܵ˶Է֮µĿ²ȶ
һĻˣֲ˳ȱйԼܵĴҪ
˫·Ҳ˼
һεŲƶܺ󣬺˵λý棬ĺռȴٴС֮һ
ƺҪһһĽҹѹ£
Ȼ֪Լռôǲ׵ıӡ
ʦյʥλŶеȷǺܲ
ıѾʶƣҲڣһֱûгֻ֣˳ѹռĺ壬¶һָпɫ
ҲѹڳԣΪ޷㣬ҪСʥλĵ̰ࡣ
ʦİûʥλָ㣬ҲȫӦβܺʵĶԸӵпռŲƵĶ֡
ӵŻŵʥλ㲻֣ҲĪã
һλӵо޻ѪͳĳԲѪͳĺˣһλȻȲ෨ʦ츳֮ϣƿԪعĺ룬һλעҪǷںϣƺʱעΣδ֪ŮԺ壬λ塣
˵㳲ݵȷҲ쳣ݻˡ
ʼ˵ĺ̽÷ȦС֮һȷ̽ԶֵʵԤ󣬰ź廰£˱ͬʱĬĹ
ӵз˵ĺȵִѾҺĺ壬ֱ˺֮УҺĺ壬ͷֲƺʱðһ
λһֱȫ񶼷ںϵΨһŮԣվԭͻȻʼ衱
ۿɼĲƣɢ屻ⲨƸǣܶɣеҹ¼ʱ˸֪ҲܵһͷĿѣ
񹥻е˼

ûüʱ뿪ҹ̧ѹסǺ˵˶ȭͷûʥǹǴ⿿ǿѰǿء
֮֮㣡
һȭһȭһɢƶοһ㣬ȴûӰ쵽ҹֺ
ڶԷɢҹȴֱϣƵڶԷĻ
ƸոպãǲǱŰı
ÿһȭһưȥڶԷֹһľ޴ϣһķġ
Ȼʦִ󿪴ϵİս棬˼ΪеĽ̴򣬿ֻλ棬ſֶܿΣ
ɣǿµĶǺ˾Ȼζ޷׽ҹĺۼÿεĹܴನȴ壡
˲Ϣ䣬ԽĿռľУҲӿ
ǿµִ֮ǰٶȸʮˮȴǽת˦绮˿ռһĵִҹǰ
ںǺ˵İΣܾܿҪֱӻϵ˿ڣ͵ӿ
ܾˣǺ鷳ӡ̡
ҹְǺ˵ؿڣת뿪
ͬʱǺϣȻǳƣʮɫӿֱӾ׼ǺĶˮ֮С
ÿһˮһ
֮ˮȴƱһĪסһ㣬ȻӲס޷ҹֺ
ڶѾֲˣȻóϵ츳ĻԻͣҲֹڴˡ

λɢҺĺ壬ͬʱƣһ壬벶׽ͬʱֹ˺ɱй
Һ츳ȷͷۣڲԼһΣһȵԼĸ߶Ȼʹϵ
ǺѪͳȫʵȵ
û෨ʦٿصϸ壬ֻǴֲʹõԪعٴҲûв
Ʈˣתҹɱܿ˺ƵĿС
̶ڿУȫɢ֮ǰƮɢëȫʵ廯
ÿһƬ类۵һ㣬ɢӿֳʮƬ϶Сơ
ÿһƬëһأٴգ
ҹĴƬռ䣬ѾֳһƬɫ״һɿµĲ״Ĳӿ֡
ôԴǮѡߵ֮ɲǺÿ
콵壡


358 
ܿ¶ӷף˺ĿֲУȼ͡
ôۺܰں뺣嶼סΪǿֱֹӴ˻˺档
Һĺ壬Ҳæָ˱壬Ǵͷһǲϵ
վֻʱĳһЩģͻȻϮ𵽳䲻ãʦʼȫѺȴҲȫ
ֻǺ䣬һѶ
ɾǰССһͣ٣ոսϵˣͻȻеǰ͸ǱԵУֵһĿ⡣
̧ͷȥǿǻضվ֮ϵ౳󣬳˴Ƭɫԡ
Ŀѣ
һֲֿѹɨƬյĿռ䣡
ǡ
ʲô
콵塣
ȫû˵ĳ֣ɫĻ֮ϣһһȫɷëնɵĳ
ŵ˸
ˡ
ͻȻ类ռ伷ѹ䣬Ҷ
˲Ϣգ֮ǰ˺ѳһѿڣͣٵļ
ߡ
εĺǰǳ
ֽӴȻ˽ײģ
ɣǺ˵ӴҲ򷴷˳ʮס
һϣҲһѪۡ
ˡ
ϽĻδ꣬Ҳ޷ˡ
֮ǵɫĻ֮ϣһӿֳܼ
ÿһ֮Уڻոֳһɫ
ιιոֻУĿθ˶ѣҪԲŶ
òⳬݻװҲЩԲˣ
ҹҪƾҪóӽһηؽ̶ֳȵĽأ
ˡ
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ҹ̫ˣôաţȻҹ˿Ҳȴ֮ˡ
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ʱڣɵȷܿ飬ȫóȣĺ붫ĳֻҪûʥλֱӲִ½ȶǿˡ
Ҳû棬Щֻ˳ѣҪģҪǰĹԼҪЩȡ
Ϊ˱ʾҹĸлסصذһλʦ׵常źӡһ·ҹ
ӡеڴұߣǵϵѪ޷ĻɸСҲ˵ģⶫҲûߣɳһλʦ棬Ҳʾ㹻Ǻӡ
㶨ˣĺȻûʲô⣬Ŧزӡ档
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˳䵱·ʯ⣬һЩ޾Ԩ֮ϵĵ죬ÿһɢʵĹԣڲ
ڶ֮еһȴ΢Щͬһ޴Ĺ֮ͭϣ֮ͭϲ˰߲⼣
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ڴ˴ʱƺֹһ㣬Ϊһ壬ֱһصĺ֮
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ǽŮβƺΪȥƺеС˷ܣҹеԲ·
ҪɴɣЦġ
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362 
봫ͳʦֶɽѵصĴ󿪴ȣͬʱƴٶȵˣȴǹ졣
춼˫Ӱ⽻ȴӲ綼ûʲôɢÿһյ˼£õҪõĵط
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ܹоԶңҪӵдұ֮Ĵ֮⣬ӵ̫ʱǿ߶ϲҲȻһҪԭ
ΪǴ֮ҲҪʹߵĶӦʵ
Ĺӵܹٶȵܵأһ㶼֣ܿⶼɪͻʥλĵص󱸵ص֮һ
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ܵȨʱһ졣
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ҹתͷ԰ʵΪȾ˵֮ԼķȻҪǺðŵ״̬
ҹѯʣֻǵ˵ͷ
ȻһĸΪɶ׬ܸоЩԾǣȨôôϱֵĿ³̶ȾͲ˵ˣͿռָھȻʲôܵء
ȻǻĹܹ鲻Ầ˲ǡ
ҹٴζλŶ԰Ŧز벩ס˵һ£תͷ̤һѾͨ

⣡
˳Ÿյʯݣҹյ֮ϡ
ո̤տǿʯҹ̸еһִë׵ҵˬУ
⵺֮ϣȻŨħɢľ
ұħ޺ǿɢľӵĴ⣬һͬǿպ嫵ĸд
ȻܵĳΪ
ִǿվٶȸߣٰθߵĸҲҪԶԶѰľ
֮⣬֮ϻӵһĴųҲԱ쳣ĻԾƺźܹӡ
״̬µڤٶȣڤ룬ﵽʲôĳ̶ȣ
ݿټ㣬һʱ䣬ҹаͬʱǹڸ̧һΣֱ׬ˡ
Ϊ˲˷ʱ䣬밬ż򵥵˵һº˱ͬʱ״̬
ŴʹûҺҹȴǻҺڤͬУ
һֱ֮ǰһӳڤĵ⣬ҹľζǿǿµĻԾ츳ǿڤ֪ʶģû߹ʲôݾ
һΣֹĴų֮ҹʶԼ⴩ĻԾ֮
ƽ￴ԼڸٶܹǹٶȣǶǴԽ׵սϰԼ츳ˣ
»ǿдҲ̫࣬ľȴǴƾ費ڤѧϰﵽֲεġ
ǰΪڸٶҲǲãͻȻһӵһֲѷɫھӳɵľֶκܵʲô
ǹɣ
ɷ߳ɣ
ǹɣ
ɷųɣ
䣡
ƺ֮ĿռУŨ¹⻮ƿռͬʱҫϡ
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޷԰ΣֱͻȻܵһʹУߵҹǱ˳״̬
ͻȻõľ޴޷ѳסңֻһһ
ǿ˼κ󣬲ǿݿǿµ»ָǰٿ΢ĳ̶ȡ
Աߣϥƽ׵ʥܾȻһ
ǣʦ֮
ΪͬʱֻԼĹٶһֱ˱ҹһСεˮƽ
ԭʦʦҪҲɱߣҹеʹγɵƿɰŵİߣȴ׵ʥȫûҹﵽ˴ʦ۷󣬱ˮɣ
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ȻҪ֪ͻȻþ޴ܵĸоȴ쳣
ŰҹͻȻֺﲻԾ
ݿľȷȻ˵һܹһǾͲΣ°ҲͬԼҲǵǹڸɹǣҰŵٶ΢ѷɫԼһʱ䡭
ʱ򣬰Ҳ˿ʦ׵ͷɺҹкûУֱӿԼռ˽ȥ
ŵľٶҲ֤ҹĲ룬Լﲻֹһ죡
ڣȻûнԼϳȥ˼
ȻܻطѾʦޣһҪǿߣﵽƿҪʱ䲻˰ùȥ˶ã
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첽̤¥ݣȻǱ߻ʱˣҹҴҵʵ
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Ԥһʱ䣬ͷһҲܸϻȥʱ䣬Լһ㣬Ҳǿϵʱ䣬
ȥʱ򣬿ԼʱѾˣʹͶʵʦҲҪ뿪ˣȫûˮĻᡣ
ؼǣֶ֮ݵʵ͹ڣ
뵽ҹҲٿкʲô򵥵˸𲢱ʾл뿪Ĺֱӽ˻ĽҰ⣬Լһɳ죬ͻƲ֮С
ĶרҵУһ˺û˿ˣõİȫ⡣
ɽг˳һȦƿƲ˲ʧеӰ
еûӦļһﶼɶһۡ
Ǹ壬ôоٶֱˣΪҵ۾׽̶ȳֵĴô
ŦزɬĿڵ
²Ǵ
סʦҲľη֮ɫ

Ѿտ˵ĻʼĹ֮ڣʱŴһ΢̾Ϣ


364 Ҫ
յƲǧ򻯡
һħηͧƲд󣬼װϵÿǺ־ܴƲ㡣
װƺչʲôһ㡣
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װģܰҰǶƲժ𡣡
һٯٯ£վڼװԵ˿˵黰
δȵзشһȴǴǰһٶȿĶ쳬ĤĲ׽Ϊǻþ
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Ʋ㣬Բα˺ѿһµľ޿ڣڲɢ
ǿҵĳħͧ˾ҡΣ⻪ţǶ¸Ƿ˾ֵļС
սһļǻص˶С
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ǰ·ҹûжͧйᣬµĽͧʱ򣬾͸ݹ켣ԼԷͧӰ죬һ£ΣգҪӰԼʱ䣡
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Ǻǰڼ˴ʮ׺ȴײʲôεǽڣȻɢ
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ҹΪ·ٶ²ûпⱣأôĶܹץסԼĹ켣⡣
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ȱ˵ĿģǴ棬һһ
˵õʥҹûô⣬ԼӵԼרеʥ

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
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ֻֻŵ˻ģԼֺȵ뷨
󵨣ҶԽ̻ʱ²
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̬õһλȴҲв֮ŨһλһǿƣѾˣ㷭ǵģ
ԭ͡գĻ˲˱䣬ƺ⼴һ֮Ŀһ㡭


365 
ʹֻһ㣬ռġͬп޵У
Խսͺˮһ򵥣
ҹӴʹӡ̵ҲǵһеʱֻʱǿʹҲרҵ׵ĲΡ
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ƽʱֳΰĽ壬ȫιһ
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ƽ֮һʥĹƽ̨ϷպȻ
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ĬһֹǽȼպԱһԤƣһ޽Ŀ¹
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ԺҲиˣһṩҩǾȴˡ
˵ҲĻظֱת뿪ͼݴţƺ׼ǰͧ½ķ򣬺ʲôüëһ㼱С
˹ȥļбӰҲһ˿ǣ̾˿

˹ִʦΪҪżҩôɫӦϵɣΪԺⷽ㡣
ѾϷͧûʲôǺ󣬱̻δӰŵ˹ѯʵ˵
ȻѾԼ׹ϵҪԵŵȴе㲻˹ֵľٶ
Ѱרҵѯʣ˹ȻǲᣬʵŵĬƬ̺Щ˵
һε⣬Ҫˣһҩֵȫֵλ᳤ôʱ䰡
֮ûԺˡ
Ϊһ콾ʵ̫డȻˣƺҲҪһֵ׼ˡ
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һˮÿһˮ֮ϣһλӰ֮ȫİΧ
ˮϢﵽרҵĲΣ׳ߵˮ֮ϣλӰǶտɫƹԣʦ֮
ʦ㳲


366 
͵Ĺλ´̣ÿ˶ڹ֮ڰڳϵ̬ԴԴϵֱ֮ϵʹӡǰӿܹ̻ıӻ֮ڡ
ƽ͵Ĺ֮⣬ȫһƬء
׵磬ͣϢ
ԴԴû˿Ĺڹ֮ϣշ϶Щһīķ˿״϶ƺ㹻һС
ȻܼĿ¹ȴδ˿˺һ¾ǽзĵȷȷһȷѡ
ֻǴʱж˶ͷϣȴǳܼĺˮ
籾Ӧģ
֮ӻķ²Ҫע֮ҲԷʥλ֮µľ
·¶ԷİһзѾǰʩӵķҲɷǽȼպԱԼܹݵѡúֶֺսԷ
û뵽ǣԷѹͲҪʲôȼպģһȥˣûЧ
ԼѾǰͨ˽⵽˶ԷսеĿռŲԲŻ־ôԤסԷƶ
û뵽ԷǵʥλеĿռŲ˸ƮĽ
ңǰķ֮УǷ׵ĺȻÿһζ֮ͬЧΪʹԼ˻ǿ
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ǵԼȵĴţǳ˵屶ǿת̶ֳȵ㹻Ʒֲ֮ͫˣ
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ðõúܣһѣոͣͿʼ͵͵ëɢȥ˲˽磬λ淭ˣ
ûнǣƣԼת˵һԸո״̬϶Ҳñ
ڼȻϵһˣǾúáһ
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һǴĸеҪĤݣһϢȴ͸Ǿܾһеıӻ֮أǵͷ
ͬʱ̧ͣȥԡʥ֮У齵һ߸ϸ˵Ӱͷ˲ĥӡ
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󡫡
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˵Ĳ֮𣡵͵ϮҺ徫񣬺ҵϵҺʥ֮͵ϮҺʦһλʦ䣬ǲݵĳԹ


367 
޾Ԩħ
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Ϊ´̵ĿâҲȷ֮ʸ

ҹ̵ϵľֲģʽȼգϽɫעȼٴɢ˼ֺ
ԭӦάȣӾͶӰ֮Ŀâʥ꣬ǱҹܱߵĽɫǿв
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ʹľԼģʽ϶Ⱥܸ߰ƺǳһЩԼ׵ıʡ
ʥô㹻꣬ûǴĻƺе;
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ҹʼ˺ѱӻϵʱ򣬳̲ϵ˵ϵġ
ÿһλʦһĵ֣ǹ屦ʧȥһλǲɳ֮أ㣬ﱱؽڱնâڴˣ廹ɥĲ񣡡
âԼ֮ϣȻ޷⣬ҲԼӴ˽١
доݣŷ
ؽ嶰屦
Ժɪɱ֮۵Ļ棬һʥХĻ棬Ҫ֮ǰΪػľŻ棬ǵĹ̻ʱƽĻ棬ٿǰȺĳ
㲢̫꣡
Ȼϵ壬Ϊ׳Ǳ΢ɣ
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ߣˣΪۣѧϰһǹɣ
ųҫ۵Ĺԣҹ˱ӻ󣬳Ҳֳһ˿Ȼɫվ̫ᡣ
˿µԼʹ޷㣬㾹ȻԼӻǾ͡

ȫĹһɨգϵɫδɢ͵ɴ˫ۣƮɢĹƺ۽ǲ
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ڣֻʣһˣ
УƺǸҪ޵ŮڡҲƺȤ


368 
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ɱջصδԶʹͶħͧϣŵɫĶ˹ִʦʵ
⣬Ҳ̫Ȼ᳤ֱûд¾ǽڵˣûõģ֮Ѿû˿Ӯˡ
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죡ǸʲôҲ뱾˵ϽлճԹϴǰĹǻΪƽһ
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޷ǾǳҹʦԺڹҫ
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ѧҲְҵǿߣ绹ûģλʵȻܹ壬ԲŭЦ
Ҫǵ֫ͷҲҪ˵˵ѾܸϵˣܸϵǺΣ
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λ·ʵĹ⻪
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˫ﶼἰ˵ҹ
̧ͷҹӰ˲䱻ĺҲеһ
Ȼǿסķ֪Ҫ׽һʦټô򵥣治֪˵һ£
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ͬñ۹עҹΪɭ
ϳǣƣѾ޷񵱳Ӵܣ죬ϴˢһǰĳˣ
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Ȼ֪ʲôֶ׷ɱ
ĻﲻϵǿͼӰҲʵֳλ߲
Լʥλֱܵϵᣡ
ɻδȵĻ˵꣬ȴֱӱҹϡ
׷ɱιι˵𡣡
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ײ˺֮У
ԭΪʲôֶζзĺ壬ֲôһ¶󣬱һЩδְҵ׺壬ˮĶ
ڵʬ壡
ϴǿܹڱúɫۣ֮µ֮ɫ
лһƺһλȵŮʿǱɫ۰ֵϣҲ˺ۡ
ڽ˹ˮ棬ʶӵĺ忴֮ԭһֱʤȯգһо֮еı飬ȴǺȻɫ䡣
䣡
ʼԲϻ۵ȻɢͼӰҲȻ飡
ƺܵ˼ĳһ㣡

û˿ԥͳɣ̽ûУǷΪȫܹĳ֮
´̣ʦʹˣܺɨڳк壡


369 к
ͻЩĳຣЩ޷⣬λʦ
ǳλӵĺ⣬λҹչʵΪ˽⡱Ǻ뺣ŮʦЩ޷˵
Էǿʧ̬ɣ˵˭еȫԭݵģ˰Ԯ֣
Ϊֳɣ־ƴó޷ĳ΢ɣҹǡơЦݡ
ȻˣΪҪء
˫չӵ״һԵʥ֣մʥ֮
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ʹҲܹͨͨĸ߽֮ţʹأ
λ´̵꣬ǱҹǿĨȥԭӡǣתԼūͣΪԼĸʹ
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ԭרս
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ȴԣ
ȡ
ʥצǾԷײûз˿ֻߡռһͬĿк͸У
ֻۿţܴĵ׸һʲô򶼻ữΪ޵ļ¸У
ʥצʧԷҲͬʧ
ãԿʥѪʹ֮ͶӰǿͬһΡ
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ûгŸոҵʥѪʱܣ˷ʥѪĹЧء
ҹϴˡơı顣
ôݿʼ


370 Ԫ
ȫͻȻܵëγһһȫռոմʥѪ޹лعΧҹǺĵǺȻ
ȫܱҪͻȻֵ
һ̣ͱͻȻֵӰɨһǹɨϣ
ѪɣжһƬѪ
Ѫδɢ־ͽʥǹһѾĺͶȥ
ѪɫһѾ׼ȴѾг˵ֵ
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ⶫܵģԷŵߣΪʦ̫ˣѾȫ޷ֹˣж̽жϺҹٴοڵ
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Ϊĳ˵ҹûüܵǵġϲá
Ȼ˼ʥλֱ¶ˣҹҲȥԶԷĵߡ
һȫͬΰʥ٣ҲҹǺߵȴ²ΪﱦʯĹϵ
ߡܵÿ졣
صҹҲ˿λŮ˾ˣģƺŻΪʲôŷɣġ
жһҹ̾͸еƺһעԼϣһͷƤ飬жʲôİɡ
ǲʲôʧ¡
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ҹ̧ͷ֤״
һȴȫĬȥûٷˣֲ֪ҹȴԼܵƺʲôԼ
СĸζЩֱ
һҹͷϣڵһһ֮Ľ֮ڡ

ûܵʲô˺Ǳһ÷ɵҹҲɸһɿЦôое㲻ԾһЩõ顭


371 еЧ
һɣҹûܵʲô˺̤̤ڵһĦ󣬱Ǻ󻬵֮֮ڣվΡ
̧ͷó˵ķҹвɳһ˿ŹֵĹ֮ɫ
ӱ䱩˰ðɣʵǰеСģ˸еһ˿
ϤϤĴԼѾϤŮ˾άǵһνռִʱ֮õСŮ
ȻΪͭʹԼÿһһ֡ע

ûзɳ̫Զһħͧͧװϣ˹ַżװ廤ƣЩܿƵɪɪ
ƤûѪɫһȴû˵ֻǷŻ֮ķ
ԴʦħĿ¾ȫ޷ѹסʱ鲨޷ѹס𺳣
ʦ˲Ϣ䣬߰ģ
ĪֶΣԼʦħԨ֪ʶ־¾Ȼ޷ֱ
ֻʹٵַ֮ʥλˣԼҲֻܿģʵΡ
ʥλ󣬶ԷȻ
һʱ䣬ĵײɸֳһŨŨĺ֮ɫǿźȰ˵λ᳤£һֱȵѩ̿Ͷʣܻȡ˵Ļر
˵ȫպԼ£˫Ҳ͵ȷǰպԼУû˿ϵˡ
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ʥλĳ֣ûʥ彵٣ҲרҵײεŵܹģʱоԼһƬģԼǳʲô¡
ǵģ߰ɣǵߵЭ飬Ҫˡ
ô᣿λ߲ʹ˰ݰɣǷǿԳû
һΣͲҪԭشڶˣҪʲôҲҪȵнˮʯʱ򡣡
˹ֳصƺһһ˿廳ǰԼҲϵѪ갡֪ʱʼʼáǡϣܹȥɡ

˵Ժͻʥλ׼
Ѿ֮ʵ̽ʣµҲ轲֤ݣ֤ͺãҹȻҲ߲֮ˡ
ǵģʦѾ׼һʱˣµʱ䣬ҪʱȫѧԺзʦЭҲһأʦķʦʦʥ
ҹһƽĵͷ˵ƺԼ׼һѰһΪľʦķʦʦܹȫȫͶ뵽ͻ֮С
Ժ׼ͻʥλĺϢҪ֪ʦ֮ǿҲֵĺԣʣܹʼʥлгͻƵģԾʦеĶˣ
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ȶԣʦͻƵʥλɵº彫
ԱԸһЩʦҪµĽȡ
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ӵгʥǱʵľ֮;زۣжٿһ
ҹδó͢ǾѾˣҹ̫óŻǡ
ԼҪĲòɰɡ
ھ˺ΧĶ֮֮ûн˿ͣЪ̾Ϳʼ˴ģľ̸죬еķʦѧͽѧǣʼннİźͲá
ԴԴϵħϣͼֽаܹҹǸͳ˧ȫ֣µĽѰ©
ԭһµĸӽ磬Ǳȫ˿ֳЩѧͽģЩʽʦģһֱλͼϹݳҹԼ
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Ϊҹ⣬еһʦħҲǾ޴ġ
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ԸҹϲɱóֵʱҲ֣
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380 ನ
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΢е㰲οǣ֪ʱʱȻϲԵʣƺ˧һˡ

ɱߣȷһżĻ˵ǲʲôİ߹ʵ̫ȫˡ
ڰҹ˵ʱ򣬻աάƼĽ̵Ѿʥλ۹θһָҲϬһѪ
ߣһöһöĽڵȵԺҪɾʥλʥĻȴҪһȫɵģγʥʥ顣
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˵̽УŻյʥλ۹⣬ҹԣ۳һķ
ȵԺԼһʦͳôԸʽʥ˵񻯣ӦҲ·ӡ
ʥλʲôĻԶ˵㣬취ͻʦ˵ɡ
ңЩβĹû꣬ɵºǨ֮ǰԼùȥһˣҪȥﻹȵĺá


ʮһ ֮·


381 ʱ
¾ʥʥ粨ɢȥϾͨˣʥλ֮˵ʥλĴڶ̫ԶһЩ
ܹӲ෹̸⣬ûжӰ졣
ΪʥλԵʣ֮ٹս֮ˣҲʧȥǴսļ䣬ֻģǵҹǣȻƺ̻ǳˡ
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ûãŮ˾ҲʥҵŴʥԻսһЩʥλ׼Ĵ
ҹҲҪ͵͵ȥģһ˳

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ʥλҹֵҲǾ˵ģмУǵýܹõġ
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˿ԼȶԷû뵽ǸճƵļһﷴ潫һ
ԷǰһʾȭͷˣҺΣбҰ
ĳңԶҲ˦쳯ӣ쳯ʵҲ޿κΣѵɾȥ
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390 
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һͷŽɫƬԵλȻĺ壬Ʈͷʱʱðݡ
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391 һ򵱹
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ȫǳ͸ԭ棬Чֻ֣ٶƷ
Ƽ׵һƷһɱ
ϧﱾǺ幩ļ̳һѵĻᱻԷݾȻˣҹҲѾʧȥ˽ͷĿܡ
ƿʼ׵֣⻤磬Ĳһ㣬취ˡ
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Ǿ͹ֲԼǿвˣֻҪź廤סǣƣԼʹá
˹뷨ոո֣ǰһϺƤһһָĽȴȫ±ˡ
ɵºȺûȫͷͷոͷܵĺˮˣ֮ǰƿĺನǳ˹ٴε˳ȥ
ɵº˿ɶڽ籣ûоʲô˹ȴǳҹ⣬Ψһһλġ
ΪβԷء
ָǻʲôҹĿ˵ոսһΪǿлɱһνд˾˲һ㣬ֻʱԵĹᴩ͡ʱԡɱûĨȥֽ֮˾Ͳ̫塣
ȷ׼λ˾ʱȴǽ˲ãոȫһƿķĻܹɹãûɹٴöԷ֣
֮ǰԼѾһˡ
ԼǲƣԼδ˾õ޷ȫӳ
ɹȻ´󼪣һʧܡ
ɵºˣ
һ֮ȻúȺʼ½ףŸĺǣȴȫƽϢȥƺԼסһ
˾ǰȴң
ȻǾ
Ȼ͵Ϯɣûϼ룬ǾԸɡ
ûԱԼȫ磬ģʽ̫Ҳû׼ʹõ˼

ǽ磬Լǽʦ
ָչֻǺ棬صҫ۵Ĺ⻪Ƭ޵ëǶ˽ȥһƬƬëȴڽļв֮ѸٻΪ˶أǿмѹһݿռ䡣
ͬʱһԶĸ֣߰˴Ŀıը
ÿһܶԽʦķ룬ҲڽĵΧ֮ڣ˵ԶԶδﵽޡ
ɰıƱըִĺ˾ȴǷֽȻûƣȴһֲֿĳ̶ġ
һöըڶööı
ּε£һĵĲϴλ˾ͷѪڹ簡Ǯ
˵ĸоԷҪƻ磬ǴרԵģըļ㲢ǽ֮Ŧ
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򵥱һϸٿ뾫׼ƻȴǳ
ŶѽûƲǾһְɣյһ˼ħ
һ˵ţҹָں׵չŰԵָڿйգӡһۼ
ס֣Ҿǿ̸̸
ǰһĵĲϾѾˣ˵ݵģλ˾ȫ޷ܡ
ǼڹؼڵѹĺʦʱҲߡ
ڼ̳֮£ȴ˿ûܵ˱ӵеӣϱȴ޷ԼҪҵԷͬھĻᶼҲ
Ҫȼպƴû·
֮ǰûоʲô浱Էʼ𹥻󣬼λоһĲͶԷһŵĵ
꺣ʥ磡
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ÿһζǱٶԷ£ÿһζΧڸأһΣȴҲᵽһָо
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ǰԷԵź󣬼Ҳûٵǿ磬źıӻɵĽȴر
ģûϣô
̸̸ʼû֮ǰ̸ǣǲҪ̸Ļˡ
ҹһ޺Цһֻӡ
ͷŭҪʹϽ緢һϼȴջ̾˿һء
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֣ҹΣʥŮİΣвңҾʹ˰֣ҲԷв˵ʲôġ
ҹȻһ赭дӣ˵ʲô˲õĻȴλϼĵױ䣬̸пľģԼĶĲ
ԷȫһƺĶȰʲô񾭲İ
֮ﻹ绹ȫԼȴΪˡ
գϼҲֻѡĬĬҹ˵ȻûʽӦҹȻȻľͿʼˡ
һĽºҪǳʮǰ£ʱ£ҪݷãͷеǺʹɣȣǧ͹ˡ
ҹָÿ˵һһҪѣְɣ
ûǰֻҪһ㣬ڶ㾡Ȼ֧ܵһѰɣȻ״ˡ
ĬãΪȺλϼЭˣˡ
֮ʸ·ּ
λ֮ǰֱɵĻ˹ٴιҲֻܼ֤ǰеȫ˼ĳ档
δһЧãҽһЧãҲͱƵɵºã
һ˱һ壬ӵʥλ̵һ壡
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ȴԷδȫͬͻϮƻԵĹǿжס͡
ְԵİԴͷ
ʷĻ˹һӵĻв֮ȴòٴαȥ
ֻĬĬ̾˿
ɵº壬ˡ
Ѿ۶ϡ
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395 ع
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ײˮɴȹɢˮУһ亣֮һΨ
ˮĸεг˺Ψһ۵ľ㣬ڱװ󣬱ɫ׵ȥ˼֡
ΪŮҪ޵ҹզһΪװòϴ˱ܵķС
ǺܿˣΪСԻܹϧŮͳ֪ŵ²ȻȥԼĲ
ֻǺܿ죬ԷûнԵЩãȻҹĵײðһŭ⡣
Ƕʲô
ƽȴλ˾Ӳɲ˲ջǿڽ͵
ʥŮҪִһΪ˵£Էļ䣬Ҫѣֻǻʧȥʮļ䡣
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ҹȻһƽͫ۵ȴһģȻǵֽš
⺣˾ǰ״֪ʲôӦøʲôӦøɣʵ
ϵɢЩãȻҲʼ𲽵ĻָŽ㣬֮ɫ
ոѹЩɻĿ˿ܵΣƺԼںˮȴͻȻһס˿ڱǣϵЩˮӡ
ʥŮݣԼʹݣȻܹˮֻǸոѹƬ˵ѡ
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ȻҲŮˣǲẦҵˡ
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ҹһԲ֪ЩʲôĪͻȻ;һЩʧ¡
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һжڳźõķչѾʼˣ㲻ÿΪһôҹ¿ɻҪźģЩû߰ɸɶˡ
ҹʼ˵ȻվһֻСȭͷͷһ¡
ףȻڹע棬ԼҵλŮͳŻ൱ĵġ
ˣÿһСʱɣǵʱ䲻̫ˡ
˵ҹĺ죬˷䣬СԻųǲҪ˿ĺá

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ҵ۹⼫Ϊ꣬һξǳ亣ƽϢΪ˿ͨɵ´½ó˺κ߶Թǵһзˡ
ڱ˻ڹʱһⶼѾʼˣһɵµ洬
շʵ㲻ʲôܿؼܹʱչ
ֵĴңһλ׷ӣԲİƺɿ˴˵
ˣ˵;֪ݵϴˣΣպòãһǺļô졣
Լһ˿СӣɿҲһ˿Ц⡣
˵ΪʲôǴұڵԭˣмںϴ·ûʪĺôҲ̫רҵˡ
ĿҲɫ䡣
ʲôǸ⣡
Щذɣֻ֪Ǻֶεִǿ¶ܹǵģװĴʦֻרҵ׵Ĵʦɣ֮źͶˡ


396 ڳ
ѡǴ洬ǰóˣҹҲǿһ£·ٶһֱҲǶܵƣۻѾ
ȻˣǾ治һһĴֻУڴϻоĵԼĶ
취Ǻֹӵĳֲ֮˻ֶʲôġ
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ֻ֮Ҫҹ룬ÿ춼ܹĺܳʵ
еʱҩȻ취һԼĳ
ʥλ֮ǰøˣ໨㾫ôУ̽Ĺһº廤ҹԼʵλҲ˸ʶ
ʵɵºȥһеĻԼռˣܹȫ˾Ͳˣ˵еԼϣȴǵĽºòȥ
ʥλĵվǴʥλ֡
ԼͻƵʦˣ֮Ҳ˱߻ʵۺԣȴȲõ̶עʱ
û취ƶĻ̫ܰģȻǱȲӵй̶ԴĹ̶ġ
˵ľ̫ԶˣŵóأҪȥ½ǸöԶԽԽý̻Сӿ£ôԶľ롣
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һ·ûУġ
Ҵģе洬ľȻһλרҵУȷѾ൱ݻˡ
Ҳˣܱ֤ȫĻȽصǮҲ̫Ը֡
ʩʵģû˿ִװãƫƫħЧܹﵽԽִֵЧ
ÿ촬϶֯һЩμεĻ治ģ
Ϊ߹ʦͳ񷢻ӵµҹȴȫмμֵ׵ĻðɣȥεĻ˼һָլ
һ·λȫŮͳæչˣҹҲоģջȲèèƹλ̫̫ܻź˰
Լʧ»ᱻǿӲľһ⣬ûоȱˣҲʮûÿһСʱĸ㣬ƺҲܿġ
찬ŸոճŻһСʱʱһЩСϰߣҹλŮͳùĿԸǣǿܻᱻˡ
λһôˣƺһֱδ㡣
ҹŹǷڼװɹŷùԼʱһеȵǴ˶У˱еҹüȥ
ֻһλһ룬Ůñ˰ɫɴĳվԼߣԼѯʡ
͸ۺȡ˵ҹȻǲųŮȻ
˼ǲ죬ܱ˵𣬻У鷳Ļܲ鷳Զ㣬Ҷϵζе̫ģһɷζܲá
һֱλǰڨȫˣԼĶǲˡ
ȵȷϵȷ˼ȫһţԼջ൱ŵģμó֮˳̸о·ϻĵġ
ڵĶĲӬòһλθڵ׼⻺;ļįһڳԵû뵽һδȻܵˡϲĻظ
ҹûŮԼڨģţģʽ̫˺󣬴ǾɫȵӣҲЩƮݺ˧
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ڱܷӦ֣ԺͷؽӡЩ
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ݽ㣬ڼװϰһ˵ôûҵ㣬ףô£۸𡣡
ֻǾʱһȴǴһߴֻһʮ꣬һٸװŮӳС̫ɡתǴ˳
ֻλŮתʱƺǸܵʲôҹȴתͷλķٸ¸гЩء
ԼڨԷᣬԼһ־¶ˡԡĿⶢźѵвλѾ޷ݴʱԼˡ
ûʲô߰ɣ⴬ɫԵ̫ˡ
Լĺ׼뿪ҹȴʱˡ
ȵһ£ðһ䣬λ㻳ʱˣ;ʱô²صɵˣ׼ó˲𡣡
òһţ˵ֱ̫ˣʼǹһĽԼɸӣھȻʳ˵⣬㲻֪ʳôд
³ֵٸҲɫһ죬㣿ң侲Ҫ侲û뵽ԼǰúûŲķֵģԷȻһ۾Ϳˣҽ
ո׼ѯʵŵߣҹδȵشͼˡ
֪ܲðһºӵĸ˭
ݣ
ϣ
֪ð㻹ʣģ̶ûţ
ҹֱķʵʲôõͼŮ˸ոճֵʱҹȴǲĹС
һֱųĲУ
˵΢ԼŲֱʶԣȴǱԨħӵĲ꣬ӲҪ˵оĻ뵱еĹϢǧ˿ƵĽӽȴͬ
ĪϸڳǣȻƯŮ˽Ӵһ¾Ҫù˰
һʱ䣬ҹġ顱ƺּ˼֡


397 ʧ
ҹʵҪܣǲҪ鷳ͷ۵Ĺ
ȴֲòܣΪҴϽӵˣǴɵ´½ǰó˵ģΪֵʽ˻Ǹ
ڣһλɵ´½в׼ϵĹ󸾣ȴйϢôҹӣ
űʼ֮ԼԼǿѹˣɾΪȾ
鷳ֱҹȴҲҪˡ
ɵ£Լǽʦĸ߸ˣΪûʥλӰ죬Լĳ̶ֳϱʦû󣡣
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һ˲䣬ҹ˱ҩ֧Ŀ־壬Ǳ۸ĳ
һԹСòݺ嶼Щ޷⣬Ϊɶö˶˾ͻȻˣû㺢˭
ΪҹֵȷǲˣֻԹС񼤷һλδĸԣλٸһ¡
ǸҲ֪
˵ϻһ˿ĺΣ˫ĿˮĺԺһЩõľ
壬˵ôأߡ
ݼˡüȥҲֱӽԼˡ
뿪ıӰҹƺеڵȫ֮ϣ˳˼
ԼҲ֪
֮ԿҹͨʾﵽģֲβƭԼǲ֪ΪΣƺʲôܴ̼Իĳ˶һֹġС
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òԼЩ¶ģǿֱܻܿӶյ˼άǱƫתԼŪɡ
ϣҪͱʲô¨ӣȫǷʤģµkǱѾӡ
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ΪǹɲаϢ̫Сҹ֮ǰҲһֱûвֲԾʼϸŲȻǹϢҲûĸ֪
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Ϊ˷ֹݾߣҹĵ鶼ǰнУPlayߵļλҲȫԼֻ֪֪ǳãÿ˴ߺѯʵǼ¶һ滵ȴеӡ
һǵҲȻҹ˲׵ĵطΪǵĹͨǲμ˴Ͼֵٰģ֪Լˡ
Ҳ˵⴬ϣԼȴδָԴ
ص䣬ھ׽ŸİźΪͷҹЩƽ
ʮδ棬֮Ҳͬûʲôҡ
ڵķɫҲõġ
Щϧ۵İﰬǻɫ㷢Щ˸С
¼ݱҲǿ⡣
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ףҲôΪҾҲǰܾʲôڿ̽һ
ҹѣȻɷµĵͷͬƺԼҲɻĵط
ŸİҲһ߾׽һߵ˵ͷ
ֵ߰ĩҹֶɶ£о˿̽
ϰжˣҾȻҶǣ

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绬գԭʵƺ˲ҹŭ
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ЩɻҹΪʲôİԴ˳䣬еĿ˵ͬʱָָԼʹӡǡ
һߵҲͬ˵
ǰҸܵǿ̽еʱʹӡǷľ棬ǿ֮̽ӦҲмɵǣһֱδˣҿʼΪǴġ
ʹӡǵľʾôҲˣϹаУ޷ȫа
ǸʲôҲʲôɣ㶼
һ·ڣҹ̫ʧȥֻʧȥ˲Żᶮϧв
Ⱥɪʦ˲öͷˣ
ҲʥλӲ


398 ôڵ
ֹ֮ȥ죬һпȥƽ£Ϊ֮ǰԼСŭйˣ˶ԷҹȴǷ֣Ⱦ˱˰ˣ
Լ˾ӵ£ȻԼƤӵ£õʲôֶΣ
֮󣬿һεԼҲҪˡ

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ҹһŮͷҹѯʵ˵ðɣ·Լò⼸ϳģΪˡ
ôϲֻÿֻСʱʱ䳤˻Ӱġ
ϰŪҹͷ˵
ʵһ·ҹйģֻǰȻǶνľûȤԼƤӵ±ȾһλŮԣȻǱҪǰˡ
Լĸ֪Ͳſ۾ῴ
ӴⲻǸС𣬱Ϊʲô˶û뵽ǽݲؽôһλƯŮŶŮ˶ٴɫ
ҹ˴ſڣݹ׼ȥʱһ΢ЩϤĴɴӺ洫
תͷȥǷλһĳһVͺɫõȫĳ˳ֻǴʱȻҹЩ
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ΪŮͳάʼǱ޿ΣȻ˵ҷҹ̾վ˳һ˿ķ˾棬û˵ͱҹסˡ
У˵ûʲôԼһֱµµҾеκòá
˵һͱҹˣԷҲû˵ɶ˼ȴˣһ
ģҲܻɣߡ
ҲҹǵһҹŮ˽ȥλٸǶҹǸЦݡ
УǾܾĴڨôʲôŮ˹Ȼȫ޷
İĹߣ᳡гһϢ谵֮Ҳһɭ䡣
Уȴƶһ˳˹С
ȥСĵ㣬Ҫ뿪ߡ
᳡ҹ
᳡Ȼе⣬᳡ܶħΪװΣ֮ǰûоٰʱһûʲô⣬ЩƶҹȴǸеһֹ粨
ǽ磬ƺЩħƹͨһԪһ㣬γ˹ͶӰȴ൱൱΢ԼϴδɨûܿΪ΢
һƷܹ뻷ұ൱ϸСʱȻǸԲ
ֱԼжϣ
ȻǸΪ׾⴬ϣ֮ѰĿꡣ
Ӧһǣ²ҪÿζԼͨˡ
ҹΪȴ˵ΪܲҪϺųòãʼҲǶԼȥ
ðɣǻҪңӲԶˡ
ڵԼڵĦѧϰʼǵŮͳҹҲû취
õ൱߶ˣȻݳƷƣװȻǲ˵ˣħƹ⣬ʳҲǾѡ
Ȼһ·һЩͣĵ죬ҪŪ־ʳʳȴҲ˼ģСطܿõ̻ܹһξô˲ǽҡ
˵㡣
һֱͷĲЭУⲿգЩ¹ڳڻɢźɶϢĸ̻彫ն
һͲʲô磬Ƕġ
ƫƫЩǮĿһȴϲķΧδʼԤȽ׶ζ൱С
۵˸صķĴҹҲĬĬĵȴĳ֣һοɲҪʧ
ޣôŮͣҸоҵܵڻλѲ֪ܷʹ
һɽβʿžƱҹǰһ߿˾̾һ߶ҹѯƵ˵
ҵȦ˵ŮͽʲôƺˣȻλʿ˶
˵Ҳʲô簡
ҹͷƺҪЩʲôǰ
มһڸھеĶ̴ٲҽбǴ﷢°Ű۹ڵأøո׼ֵҹɸеʹ˿˺û˶һ㣬ֽϥǵһۡ
Լѧϰǣˡ
͵͵÷ʦ֮ץסѾʹȥˣľżһŰԱһŵװϢҹҲֵ˺ɨβ鷳
ʱξɿ˴ԼСȨȣ̨ʼ´ˡ
ӭλٴβμᣬŸλѾϤĹҲͲ˷Ѵʱˣôڣ񻶿ʼ
˵꣬ħƹգԱһλֱۣΪһ֧ˡ
λŵҹǴҲЩ죬ͷϵĴñ֮ͬɫȷϹû⣬û뵽ǰ˸˵оȻһλŮˣأ
Ϊ׹ҹȻҲеĽ裬ٴα׽żǰĽѧˣһֱе롣
˴򷢵һЩǰڨŮӬȴûвʲô֮۾״һ䣬ȴһֱûܷ⣡
ѵ첻׼ˣ
ǷԼôġ
ھ翪ʼӽβҹԼ׼ʱȴڷһС⣬ʾ֣˳ȺмȥϢҵλ壬һλٸʵأôûˡ
ǰҹ͵ֱʵ
ϲȥˡ
嵹Ҳûжҹʲô־ƻ᲻ǼįŮοѰҴ̼ĵطôǻ۰ɡ
ڶԷôƯŮͣʲôϵȦ˵Ů棬ĴһĶڡ
ܹһ֡
˶Է˵ȥҹҲû˿ͣŲķȥ
Ｑӿ嶼һ࣬Ǵ󵨺ͱأѵҪ͵ô
ѸǰҹĵȴЩ֪ϲûв׽λݵŮϢ
Ȥѹ֮ǰܹԼƤӵɣ᳡ֲ⣬ҲӦã

ߵܵĵƹⶼмطħƺǻһȫûһ
ĵ紵ƺǰֱܹͨ޾Ԩ
ҹ磬þòˡ
ҹ벻Ϣ˸е־֮ͨʱһϤȴǴҹС
̧ͷȥȻǷһλڼ֮еϤ׳ǰ
޵һ˿˿Ц⣬˶ԵóŸУϤȴǴ˶Էݡ

ʰСг޼һʶˣҲǽӴˣǸһνԼܻԼľ꣡
Ϊ˹̹ǵ¼ˣû뵽ȴ
ҡ
ôϤһλԼ֮ǰŲûɻûϳʱλá
㵽˭
ɱּǰͨƺ˿ŤС
ƺվ֮ͨǰֻܿļӰʱӿεĺڰܹڰ
Ǻͳһʲôණ
ܾǴβһأųУֲУǸʲô


399 
ҲֲҪҹǰҹֹˣͨСɫνĸ˺Σյĸо
ҹ粻ҪôҶǺкøеģ㽺Ľأ츳ʵǰʱ仹ɵ¡
˿ûҹľ̬ȣȻһŶº͵Цݣȫ˿ĵ⡣
ǺǡһֻԨĶħøУҿ޷ܡ
һֱϸŶԷʵҹֶԷ̺ƺǿ󣬵ȴԼ쳣Σյһָо
ԲԼûָо
Ԩħ̽ҵˣڻǸʱ򣬵ܺ˵ǣҿʼ˵Ļ٣̳ļһУĵλرġ
˵ĻһŮĻúԼһϣǾǶˡ
δȵҹʲôӦǼ˵
ԣصعҪ㷢ϵ룬Ұɣǲͬࡣ
ҹ֣ǳϿҵɫ
͸¶ݣȴҹĵһԭΪԼ϶Էģȫû뵽ȻǶԷҹģ
ˣӵһȾʱȷԼϴ֮磡
ⲢǶԷԼĿģ
ԼȻԨħǸʲô
ʵԼҲѾ˾ԼܵĶˣһһԼ밮ԼǰһֱܵĶ⣬ų⣬ߵų⡣
Ȼҹϲ²ʱ򣬼ȴǿ˵ҹе쳣㤵Ļ
˼ΪԽߵԼȴָݡ
Լ֮⣡
ȻԼıʣ
֮ų⣿ѵһ·ԼľΪ䣿
һʱҹԾľͳȥһִĲңĸоϵĴĵð񡢳ޡԹȵȸϵľۼ

ݿתеĸһգ꣬ҹҲָ̻

һߵļҹлָ֮ɫҲһ˿Ȼ΢üƺûŪ߳ԼӰġ
͹ûбӡĹ񣿻˵Ǵʲôط뵽Ϲаô
Ȼ֪ͱԷӰˣ⻹ǿ£Ҫ֪ûݿĴԼʥ黯ѪļӳҲǾǿġ
δ֪ĵˣһ˿һķöû𵽣̼ͱߡ
һԼܲѷɫʥλ٣Ҳ˵µļһпӰ쵽ʥλܣ
ҪĵݿΪ֧ţԼ̳RBQпܣ
ĵˣ֣
ҹһ̻һϥ̸Ҫ˽ʲôӣһеĳǹѾᴩ˼ԭصӰ
ռ䣿
Ҳҳ
зĹ⻪ʢһɫУǹ̼ͱ֮Уһ˿ƺߡ
һ̣ʮ֮⼪űѪȾֱۣɫҲЩ⣬ƺԼᱻ˵Ǻܲ˼һ¡
ȷǱҿеˣܹ벻ܵӰ죬ֱܹӴ͸˵ҡ
Ȥķ龹Ȼܹ׽˺ԼСҲ㹻԰ˣνʥλ鶼һ㡣
ܺãҲֻŸ˼Ÿмֵ
ҹ磬Ȼ֮ǰһЩԼصֶΣ˵ĻȴȻ٣Ƭʱͳ̧֮һ֣ҲǱųĴڣȻˣΪλҪ˹ִѵ㲻ȥҿ԰㣡
ŪĵĴʦһҹһȥȥ
һ˲䣬ҹҪҡԷĵٴθţ϶һģһȴƾԼ־ǿջ
û֮Ҳ޷ϵǣؼҵ·һԼҳģ
мᶨɫʢ˿϶Ѱ
żѪ˿ڵļҹɫƺҲ֪һԼʧˣȴû¶ʲô߳ŭı飬ȫı˷Ĺ˵
ҹߵģڱ³Ϊĳ
ûгˣ磡
йһιҹĵڶԵøƮ޷ĥƺպһȫ˶Էϴʱй켣
һǹ̳һֱǷƵļҲɫһ䣬֮󣬶ܡǰǲϱƽһǹӰΣ
ƺôܣһǹսᶼǼȶʵ
ȡ
ǹ͸֮һļ壬޼᲻ݵʥǹѪ֮ȴһɼɬиУ˲еĸо
һ̣һ˵ĲҰɫ޵Ĺ֮ڣٴλǹ⣬ȫʧ
ҹƷ֮ͫҲֻ˶Էܿһӹܹķ϶ȫɢʧ
ˮε뵽˺֮ϣ
ֱ˼
Ҫ֪ʼյģ޸ޣ
һֱѹ˺ãҲܣ˵岻ܡ
һֱǱûз֮ǰжһ˷ܻܿᴥ֮ķ
Ϲаһδ֪ô£ˡ
ŴԽ;ϣ֤ҹ㹻ĴֹۣǼǿ
ϹаĴڣ¾һʷض٣ֻ֪֮У̫ʱھͿʼսʤսаǷӡ䡣
Щνа뾫һҲĴڣ뾫ϿɣϹаܵų⣡
ԼƺǾʲô鷳ˣԳƣ¸ĴڷǵһҲ൱ߵĵλ
⣬鷳ϰ
ĿǰʱԶԷ˽⣬ӦǾĲһʱûʲôʱڵȷʲôв
ˣƾԷֹƻĵĵϻ۷չðʱ»ǳ£
ˣʱû취ôˣһﾹȻܹ϶УȫĿǰԼʵܹҳġ
ܹʥλ޷κεĵˣҹȴûʲôɾ͸УҪԼ̳RBQĶԷҪң
Ӧûһţ취ЩаħӰɣֵĿҲ֪Ҫʲô


400 ɨ
ߣµ΢ķտռ׾ͱҹҵڵȫƳˡ
֮ǰոսʱǲݾߣȻҪǷտռҹһ͵͵²׽ǸŮϢŮ
Ҫںסϵ£ȴȻסҹڿ˵ΪƽΪ硣
һȥ׼ҹǰľŪеɶ
ֻһ̬ڵϣﻹڲϷĴϢȫƺֻҪһ¾ͻܵĴ̼
Ҳɢž˵
ҹ²׼᳤۵ġ
Ӻסҹ۾ĵ˵ֱǺСӵĿǡ
ҹ˵йȼĸѪĻ澭飬ǰֲεĳʵûɶ
ЩǣŮôһ˵ӣûиеַĺۼ
ҲˣԿʼͼһӴǻƺǸ߰ĿԣǲЩķסԼ
ʵҹӻǼһﱾûԱֿ֣֮ԼĹ񡭡
˼ɢӰ쵽ң
͵͵һָǿпƷ֮ͫмҹҲЩȻķ֣Էĵطȫھ
ƺǽͨ԰ʾֶڶԷһͷͷͨǾ̼˺ȻɾתΪѪʵ壬ŮԵ
ֱּƾֶΣֱǷ˼Է̫ǿˣƫƫ˱ǿ⣬ϢǿǴļʹá
Ʒ֮ͫϿݿҲͬѧϰ
ǲҹͻȻҪXˣѧϰֶδһЩٲҲܵԤˡ
֮ǰϢ黹һԼӸǻԼĨӰɡ
ף㻹ң˹ˡ
ֻǾҹԾĽֶΣʼѧϰʱǸԷ֮еķıԼѧϰԺȴǵͨԼһӡǡ
ݿ̫Уߺų⣬ǿɾˣǻ˶Էĵ
ӡǱûʲôǿԣĳ̶ǱĬҸƣǱĬſ°ԼıԼ᲻֪ȵʱȫﵽԷĿġ
ԷֶλԴԴϣͨһԼע⣬һ·Լ֣Լݿ֧ţԼǵӦҲãǾܾҲգ³ɹԷߣն޷ӳԷģ
ȫɫֲþͻۣԼŪȥˡ
˵ֶΣʵ̫£µǶԷԼԸĵճ̶ȡ
ȫԼ˶Ƶף֮ǰ֪Լ㣬֪ԼԸ϶ȥµֶΣ
һĺԵİԼܿܶᾯƫƫѷĲŮ˵ľҪԼѾֶһܿ
϶һӡǻõսƷĳɾ͸У֪ͻס
ʼ֮ǰЩŮҲܹԵĶ
ĵ˲ʳѰ
ҲСһ㣬ʲôֵķģʹӡԼ꣬Ǽһֶμֱ˾η
ҹص˵
֪ˣȵȣʲôŮȫ䲻ݡ
ҹԼ֣ҲЩεĴӦ¾ȻƨƨߵܹȥڶԷ󣬲ľ֡
군±ˡ
ԿǶúоǸʲôеڹѪζ
ʱѾǷĴ޾תʵĲݣȴ˹
ԭ㣬ŶСܵܡ


գҹǳɹĽбȾĸ嶼ȡ˳ʩӷӡʱֶǲܹͨܵģ˲֪Ҳеһ
ˣҲٴαʼŮͳץסúõ½һǡ
ЩаҹҲ˵һоԱȵʶ
һŷƾչѪ⣬û̥󣬵ݺͼ㣬Ѫⲻϵĳɳպܿܳһֻһа
óֽۣҹɫĶγˮЩѪǿƶǶҲԶԶ޷ȣְҵ׶
Էɢַȴ̫ˣԺǼһߣɢӻ᲻Ҳߣĸʵǿ᲻аҲǿ
Լþϸļܲ״ֱܷ
ϵɢǱȵһԱǽֵĺƽ٣
Ǹ
֮һֱִó˸ۿ֮ǰҹͷоѪԣԷչ¶ļԡ
ݿĴڣԼȻȾͱҪȫѧϰԷļ֪֪˷ܰս
ֻԽ˽Եҳơ
оҹͷȴԽԽأаа̶ȣѾԽħķ룬ͬεŶصƣ
ԼͬʱݻаȥкͣȴаռơҹԼȵʿԶԶͨʹ
˵ʹܸӴӿ£˭֪Էʱʹء
취Ҹȥռ䣬ܲܽϢȥɣԨħϹаǵkǵС


401 
ɵ޾ĺżŻһЩ첻ͬɵ¶ԽһľȴһƬܼȺ
ݴй֮սһƬ½кʷȴҲ޷ֻ֤Ϊܼĵ죬ĵԴγٴȺóˡ
ҵϢΪŨƺûʲôǲýҹ򵽵ģ̻ó׼䷢
ˮƽҲ൱֮ߣȻ˵ó˵ۺԶԶ޷붫½ǿȣ븻г̶ȴҲܵ˶½Ͽɣ˫óϵĽ
ķ쵺ó˿һ͵죬Ȼ㲻棬ȴóǰĵ졣
ͷó˵ķǰģӭƮ
ͷʱҲڽŽŵæµĹˣʯʵͷ㹻ͣǧּĻ֡
ΪԶ̶е⣬һֻĶλ޷ϵִͷȣȻˮȴǴ˾ѷɫĳബλϵĿƣȴѷɫ
ֻͣվڼװϿĳ棬ҹĵҲЩοɵº弸亣ƽϢ׼Ӵصؿʼİɡ
Ȼ·Щ̫ƽվǵִˣΪ֪̫Ĺϵһ·Ϻ涼ΪƽҹҲ̫ϲϵĵ
׳׺ãװҲͷƽ¥ݣҲˣִûź򣬴һӡ
Ӵ꣬ϣԺмĻᣬֵÿ佱
λƺҹеĲݴҹݺݵһº󣬱ǰȹͨ¥˴̤ͷ
ҹе쳣һúİŮ򽻵ǼȻҲȥصؽʲôԺҲɶˡ
ҹҲո´̤˾Υĺʵ֮ʱһĲȴǴһó˸ۿڵĹ۲졣
ֻͷһɫͷñ翸ǹһĶ飬ĳСܹ
ҹΪеЩ⣬ףֶѵӭԼģѵǾĴ²⵽Լݣ
ҲˣԼôҲһλˣЩûдȥľϢƾ֪ЩҲʦеٮٮˡ
ó˳λŮ˾⣬ʦǶ²£οԼҵݡ
ҹɨһȫûﲻԼԼɵ»壬ʱ԰԰Ǻʲô
ȡŮͳڱϣҲץסЦԼҪڳʵ̬Ȳɵ»ҵϣҲʢ˵ĸо
Ȼҹһ½󣬿һ¾׼ڵʱǶСܵԼͷĶ飬ȴ뻮һȡлǹڳ˾׼
ҹ±ƣǸеʲôˣеΰ
һԼûпڣҹҲû׼Щ¶
ֻҪǵԼˣǲ֪Ҫɶյ˵õ̻Ҳӵдʦͷһ̻ˣγжרҵлڲӦԵÿĲǰ
侹ȻǻǹԼɵ¿ûôӦǰ˻٪ֱʣ۸񲻷ơ
ɵµÿǴ඼ϲЩչɶ
һԹϿϷӾ׽Աɵݹĸ㣬ҹ˲߳ΣԵɫ
ʲô˼
ΨһרҵУɿ˴ˮֳ汣ڴӴһԾ£ͷϡ
ƺͷ𵴸Уרҵ׵ѹǵصֶȥǲɫ
κòŪһһкɵ¸壬ŸոյִȻ²õӡǸ
ĳ֣ҲЩ¶֮ɫĸ΢ɫ˻һӡ϶˾ǡ
⻹оʶЩչɶȻƻӵķŭ߾֡
ޣûȤ̸ͬɡ
λվԱߣһβӣ֣ƺͬ˵ʵְҵʵûУĻǹҲûһȴӲڵ
ҹȫܵó˵Ĳͬ磬רҵһжһܳһλģﾹȻͱһȥɵ²˵ٸ߹ŭɱ˾˶
ƫƫó˵ЩǿߣȴϰܵԼԼһ㣬ƺΪóĹϵϲڹ£
ɵ³ǿʳЩһʵ˵ȻҲǴַ򣬴ССϺס
óȨı˽Ҫȥ㣬ҪǷ㡣
ɿ˴صĴӴҲ쳣أζ൱Ũ
ʵֱӿھ˺ǰȴòҲԼе˲֮ԷȻ˴ֵӦԵĻǡ
ɿϵܣҪ˵ҲҪ˵ĻҪһ䣬ЩߵǴнбǶ뾳𣿡
Цú䡣
ˣҵΪóʲôʱˡ
ɿ˲֪뵽ʲôɫΪѿ˵ƺԼ׶Է֮Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ȼбİֳʾһűɫ˿ϵסƤ׸ɿˡ
ǲɣǰʱոͨľ¸ոտʼʵʩһݱȥְʹµġ
ֻŸոյֱӭ⵱ͷһȻԷ׼Ѿãڴֻոս뺣ʱֺͿʼ֪ͨ˶Ӧ׼
ûһ㻺ʱ䣡


402 £
ȺĿǳļһ
ɿ׶ԷȻ˹ţݾзЧӦ飬ȻƭԼֻԳԲ˶ߡ
ֺͨ᰸ýŶ뵽϶Щðۺһðյ̻ȡµһ̻Ȼ¢гĳⷽʽ
Ͼһȥ̻ĿվҲҴ඼Ǵ˹ֻԼˣ̫ˡ
Լǿ
Ƶ˳᰸Ҳһˣֻû뵽λԼͷϡ
ôȥԼȥأ
һƵóѵı飬ЦúǷ
ɿ粻˸һȴҲû취飬ֻҪԺҪ⣬ͱҪĹ涨
ɿ˲òתͷѾȫ´Щɵµĸ׼˵
λʵǱǸҲû뵽ôһ£ļȻǺõ̻ὫλģͱضΪλ뾳⣬ǱҪǰ˵ˣȻصϵȴһ£ǧҪͻ
˵ɿ˻˸Ǹʿñλˮֳһͬ뿪ˣλרҵǿߴƺҪʱ佫һ
ɵµÿȻкܲϲȴҲǰ˼ҲûȫͷϣǶݺݵĵǸ
ֻǾɿ˲ò뿪ǰŲŸո˺󣬻δȵЩɵµĿϴλһֱû뿪İǿڵ
ȽЩ͵ɵļ£Ѻȴȡ󡣡
ͻȻıʣҹеЩȣһ»
ûˣЩɿˣǰ滹ôһ£ܹǲԼܹ£ˣȻ˰Ȼνﲻ
ΣôԶľ룬ɵҲùԹԸţ
ĳʲôҺΣ
ǳ˴⣬ȫƵõ̻ͷϣߺߣǵļǿֻ֪ϵǺõ̻Ĵ
񣿣
󵨣
Ȼ񣡡
ͭζҰˣ

ò˵޵һһģһ䡰񡱿Ⱥƽﶼϲʻϵĸϵʱɱ治һ
˲ͽҩͰ㱬ˡ
ȻҪ
ֻǰĻ𱬺۵ȴһƵóѵɫȴǹŭ״
ߣһְҵ׶ûҲǣֱǷ
һ̬ŻӣƺǱŭˣһĲмԼʵߣɵµרҵҲó룬ְҵ׵ǿ߻õģ
һѵ֪ɵµҲǺǵģ
˵Ƕǰ˻֣һ·ȫ޷·ըӰȴһѩֱ˶ԷȺֳŰץȥ
֮;档
ðг˳֮ɫ
Ȼӣ
һ£ɱİ˲е˾޴вʲô
ɰִʽǹȻ۸ϽΪ󣬵ЧȴԵĳ棬봩͸Ѿ൱ӽְҵһ
ܼηֲҲܽһȱȫֲϵרҵǿߣܼЩͷְۣҵҲӲ
ȫʽλְҵױ⣬϶Შ󷽵Ⱥɼ˰Ҳоνˣг˲̡
Լ˵ɵ̫ԶˣҲˣֻҴϴĺõ̻鷳
˵ʵȺӿ
ôصشǹӣصһλְҵֶȡȫ۲ΨǿҲ֣
žžž
׳ɸӵĻ沢ûг֣һ뻮һĻǹȴƲһı˺ѵĶᣬͷ뺣ûһǹġ
ֻһŮͷӰȺǹԭվ֮ͬʱжһѾֳֻǹڰԴ֮ϡ
ΪŮͳȻʶЩԼʹá
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ãʱǱ߾ɭȻ۵󷽽еĳнɣֱƿĸ档
ҹһ˵꣬ԱߵһСţҲЩ
ΪŮͳҪʲô̫ͨרҵȫԿ϶ҪеģȻԼͷЭ̺֮Ŀ
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һֱҪԼۿڵķԱҹƺ뵽ʲôԴһ˿Ȥζ˵
֪Լ϶еͷصؽıڴ߽Լƣһ·źĻķԼҲɶˣĥȥȻɡ
Ȼոպôָϻȥ˵㣬˵ҵһµ̻ء
ţҲС׵ģҸһҿ촬
ķɿҲеȻŹ侮ʯĳͽǲ̫ңöλʲô˼·һûģ˾ᷭġ
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406 ַ
ʹ֮һ뿪ʽĻһľ޴ħʯƯգɢ͵Ĺԡ
һ֮ųӰҹҲֱӴ͸˷ʦĽ籣ڲ֮ϡ
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Ȼͬȹ񣬻᳤ȻȥʵҲɵ»ڷ˺ԼԵȵλϣֱ˼顣
Ҫ֪Ի᳤ʵȥŮ˾˶ܱŲʥλ֮ʸܶԷȫ
ǰ̫󣬽ʦһЩĻѳʥˡ
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ΪʦħΪħʦʦ׵ְҵҲ˿壬ȫƽƽΨλɲĻ᳤ŷĵľη
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ڴʱ֮ǰҹԷһõҲ˹鳲һ㴩͸˷ʦķعҹײ֮У
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ӻ᳤ּ⡣
Ϊħʦ½ֻһƳҲܵȫ޷ûȥľϸħչʾֳ˶Էĵ̡

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˸ۣҩˮ𣿣ҲŴ뿪ãʲôٶȣ
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ֱ˹־ƺ֮ڵĿȫ޷õӡˣܹ˵ƾ½ǮƾʲôҪֻ
ҵĻ֪ǿûôʽҲҪңͻ᳤˽ĵãϡ
֮ǰݻķʦʱҹоľһǰףȥղϣ
λ᳤Լղ©һҲֹǧֹȻ鴫²ʥλҲĿ¡


407 ͭʥ
˵ͷʦ̸⡣
һԹĿӶȻһƵİϷʦҹеľѾͻʡ
֮ǰ̸߹ϯλ᰸˳ͬһ漰λϷʦԼϣԷ̬ȴǽȻܹͬԷ뷨Ҳ壡
ʦǿѹԼƵ״̬˵һˣüֱը
Ȼ״̬Լ׸ʧƶ϶Է뷨ĿģⲢζ֪˺׽⣡
ԷθڣôԷ뷨ǰ״
ؼĻǣλ̫õϷʦ൱ģԼǰʱ䶼ȫԷһͷβƴķĲ
Ϊõֶһ£ѹڲŷϺȫβ߹ЭȫԼ
˵Ϊأֻ۹⣬ʱغȴǽȻͬˡ
ǰΪʱ壬ԷǶԼʵ࿴ˣڱտھǡˡδ¡ʲôƣĻġ
ҲֻЩûɶʵʼֵĶһ̸Ǯȫ̬ˡ
ԼҩԵıֳ˸Ȥɴֶֻ֧ԸͨҺͳĳħƷ֧
һǣϡеģǼ۸ʨӴ󿪿ڣܽж߾ͶߣڳһΥԼҩ˵̬ȡ
ЩóҲԼΪȫһɢ
˵㣬ԷǰڳƵ̬˵Ī¿ˮ̣
һ֡˺ļ̬ȫԷǵ¸صݲƥ䡣
ҹҲ֪ΪʲôԼ̻ˣһλ߹ķʦү˳ͭζˣҲһשܴҼİٲôˡ
ʱңѪʱҾˣΪǺ³ɳӰˣҪƲ㣡
ƤӶĥ˵ûȡԼҪչҹҲ׼ʼˡ
һߣټʹͶʲƷ߲ǣҹҲͬϷʣ᳤ߵزɲСܹġ
֮ǶټҪҹͰҵ˽˽׹齻ףɵʹͶʲƷĺȴչ֮ǰô߹ϯλȨ̸£ˡ
ǰҪɾʥλ𡣡
һ仰˲乴ڳ˵ע⣬λ֮ǰ߲㣬ҲǸ߲һԱĬĬڻ᳡ŵϣҲ¶˼ɫ
Ϊ֮ǰĳͷɵӰڿ¶ڷˣ޴ˣʥ϶ǻ᳤ΪҪеĿģһ˶ܿ
Ϊɾʥλ£ܰæ
ϣڳĵ׶¶˲ŵʥ̫ˣ
ȻǶòϣλ£λʦӵųʥʸԻܴ󣬵ȴֻ츳ѡ
ɾʥλ޷ֵ֮ģЩഫȴҪ߳Լʥʥλܶ޷жָ㣬㻹δɾʥλôܹа
᳤Ҳţҵﵽǰĳɾͣʦó˵һۣѾʥλܹ֮ļ¡
Ļ᳤ǧ궼޷ﵽĿģ㿪ھ˵ܹṩֱ
ֲΣҹֻǻ̯ƣһεɫĹвۣȥЩѰˮħ
ȴ쳣Ĺ£һ˿ž޷Ų۾ĸо
ȵɢ˲Ÿոջ֮󣬲ǷϵĻ᳤λ˾ͬʱʧ˻᳡֮ڣֻλŮͳһص
Ⱥ̸̸ĺϸڣİͿˣ

ħƿһСķҹûжǹɿռŲƸʲôִڶԷ֮ϵĿռڶԷʦҲʲô
һСķλϷʦľأ֮ǰһֱ̩ɽǰɫı飬ȴЩһԶԶ˵̰Ķҹ
ǧϴеƺҪҹڻһ㣡
ʵұչʾģое鷳ӡ
ʼԷܵҪѪں˦ɻǶԷĸɻҹȻϺܣϾͰдҪ㣬ֺҰı顣
ֻ˵ǰѡȷġ
ҵǧƤȻǺķָѹָû˿Σһҵ̬
Լһֱ֣һֱ󻯣ôó㹻ıĶ
ңȻǰչˣǾͺȻԸģҲϣ¶̫֪ͬʱҲʱ䣬ֻҲõѡ񡣡
ʦǾðҿһУͬʼҹ뷨һ㣬ֻǿû˿ôΪԷԼĶҹͷһģһ
һʱ䶼ûУȻһ˴ķתǰǧļе൱Ĵ̼
˰֮ǰԼľ飬ѧҹ־˳ڵ
ǰƵĵȻܳṩҵĶȻϡ˵㵫ҵһյԴҪõѶҲ̫󣬵ܹṩĶǰҵڶ𣿡
˵Ҫ󡣡
˵ߡ
Եţջҹɾռ˾ԵϷ硣
һʱãʱ͵ɶԷɱѾȴǧİȴҲûɷλᣬֻܷһ̾Ϣ
г嵥ֻҪǲҵķʦһ㾡ȫ̻ԴռҵĲҲȫ㿪ţҵ˽оһһ϶Ȥ͸㡣
һ˵ţҾƺͨ˷ʦһ̷ڱǶһӵʯ塣
һبųĲɣϢƺϴˢʱĹȥδǲڵµ޸ʯƮ졣
صϤҲҹֱӡǷȵĸ뻶䡣
ͭʥ


408 
ҹɹ¾ʥȻûܻλʥߵĴʥʥ޴ջ
ռʥҪ֮ţꪵʥǺ޸ܼʬоֵˡ
һ·Ϊû취ꪵʥꪱ룬ҹҲһֱûҵԷĻᣬһֱλִںѧһЩSMֶַνʥ롣
ʥǹͬǣԼǿзתĽʥｵ˱ߣʥ󵥶ϴһߣ˴ĹԴ
ҹ½ϳµʥе±Ƶķֺ̫ԾԼȻаԴȡ˳һλʥʦǿܹǿöԷһʥλż
ϾʦԼͬԼŵֱܹӿ崥ȱԼר̫ͻܵ˱ߵƣʦȱ֮»Ǵʥż
½ɹ޷֤ô˳һΣ
ۼֵʥﶼҪü֡
ȻʹͶʲƷ󣬰λˮϵ߿˾Ͱѳֲסˡ
Դߵ޷ʲôȴҲܹԼʥž޴İ
һǧʱƴķʦѾƵ˼£ԲŻῪʼﵽǰӣҪɣ
ǧʱռʥﶼûռһֻȱݵʥʯ֮һԶʱڵĲ¿ֻѰ¼ƷصƪħԵ̫£о궼˿ԡ
Ҳĳ˵ȴǽԵֺϡȫչʾ˳
ħʦҲֻоֵǷܹмİ汾Ϊʹرͭʹȫƥҹ˵⵱Ǽ߼ֵƷ
ֻǵ̫߸̫󣬻ʱ޷ȫƿء
Էʱ䣬ټ϶ԷҲó˳⣬رǻԼܸȤĶ󣬺̸Ҳͱüˡ
˵̸н˲δ֪˫˰صĽݣ˿˾ʧһʱ䣬ֽ֪һ¾һж̸ˡ
ҩȫˣʹͶʲƷҲڴչһЩħƷ
ܵ˵Ҳ֪ν˭ռˡ
Ի᳤˵ľ϶ǺһռϷǡ
ҹ˦ƹ񣬽ռԴĻȥ˱յ˷ʦĲǧϷʦռܶݾ֮ͼݶûС
лలԼоɹҹвٵ
ƽԽԽݣȴͨƽĻռԴﵽģƾ츳ȴҲܿԽôķȡ
֮ǰ˵Լв飬ϴҲ˵˵ѣôණȱʱ䲻ܳڴԼһЩоҲȥ١
ʵΪɨ˵ҹȴǲֱӴȫˣ
ħ磬żооʯʥλʱҲʹͶʲƷϸöһ֮Ϊɵȡĺô
ЦΪʼŮͳС͸չ˰ŵǱδŮұġ
˦ҹN֡
ΪҹͬʱǿƣϣΪһЩԭԼϵĽ꣬ʹͶʲƷڲҲ˲С
ôоǱǸŮѹĺ
ǸŮ˰Ǹ̨Ҳܳƨġ
ɵƫԶ֮ء

óˣرɵ¾ʮǰһۺǶɵ´½һֱȻԽУһֱǽԼ֮ͬԾӣɵµƫԶɽ
һΣȴǱƫԶɽ˰һŵ¸صĻ᳤ѹţҲ಻
Ѿкˣٽ׶ѾɹˣȻǵ뱩ʩʩ̬
⣬һ׬ǮȻǿ㡣
̬ܲɶ⣬ܹǲԣǮ׬УȥĻ³綼ֻȫæ֪ʶҹûմ
һһȥʱĳһһʥ嫵ϢǴʹ֮
ײ񣬶еһַĵů˶ܵĽϵ
ʥλ٣
ó˵ΨһʥλܣŮ˾ά
һʱ䣬ʹͶʲƷˣ϶¶ɵı飬ʥλٵҫĸܹõġ
Ҳϻ᳤¸أ۱ҪŮ˾ˣԴ˲ſܻԹ
㻻ʦֻҪһʥ;ֱȥ
ڸܵʥλٵϢڼϸЭ̵ļλ߲㣬ϣڶеҪһˡ
ŮʿɵµԪִ֮˸ոͻƵʥλڱչزٽٰɣһȥհհά˵ʥ
һ߲ҵ˻ᣬתĻҲί
˵λҹµʦʲôµĻҹҲŰɡ
ϣԵľ΢ֱ׵ˣǵ¶ʥλ󶼵ȥΪʵλߵĸŮ˾ǻ᳤ԵŰݷã⣬վǲְ
Сӻʲô㣬Ͻ
άԲȴǼȫ
ƺƺǽл᳤Ĳǣ
ող԰꣬һ߸˴̬ϣãȻǳڷʦĺ棬͵͵ڴ档
һ뿪ͼҵĲ̨˵ķǿʥλԺ
ֱĬĽŹ̫뿪ӡ
ͷڿλŮͳ´һ󣬱ͷһ̾Ϣ½ĺҪһˡ
ǣϸҲأκεз̫£ʵǱ츳λɽȫռˣ㻹ôǡ
ңѾˣôȥԼôȥˡ


409 ͦ뾯ʾ
άûʥ彵٣ֻ־ͶӰٵʱҲʼҲΪԼģɾõĽӴʥ׼ʱȴķ֣λصʥλܾȻǸɵµСӡ
ðɣȻ֪ǿٿֶθǹĪ⣬ԼѾվʦ۷СҲû˿գôҲû뵽һλʥλʦ⣬Ȼܺ͸Ů˾Ϲϵ
Ů˾˵ȷ̫ѺãԽԽûףʥλĮΪϣǻһֵĮӣԼʱҲ
ƫƫĶԱСӾȻһ֡ˡֱ̬Բһ£ҪϷʦľ񣬿϶¶ɫˡ
½ʥλֻʮλоȻλλ˹ϵǳ
⡭
ˣǰõһӰ
ʥȴͷϱһǵҹҲű۵ĵطͷ㬡
άʱ̣ܶǼҪı˼һĵٸ£Ҷʯͷ˺㣡
ڶ
һλʥλϢ뵽ó˾ˣԷصʥݣάҲǸʥλ֮仯¸ӦڶԷʲô֮ǰҲ޷ж϶ԷĿġ
ĸĶûжϡ
·ʥλеܣҹά׺ܿרҹ
ҸϵǰɵˣҲҪң⣬㵽ʱ֪˶ԷݣҲºģҪԼ
ά뿪ʱҹĻǺܲһӣɶԷά֮ҹм
Ȼ䱩ˣĻλСŮǱʥλǿôǣ粻ֹ

ǰһǰѣһλʱ֧ԮʥλܣƺҪࡣ
ʵϣҹĵȴû˿ɣⲻǷսԼûʲôеĵطԷĿҲ֪ʲôԼĿǰʥλ֮ʥλԼҲ̫⡣
ʥλԽ٣ֻƶ򻯰֧ǻѹ̫ˣ˵˵άʱ֧Ԯó˵ĹֻҪ΢ӳսܾѾˡ
˫ʵΣеĽȫûġ
ȻԷˣԼҲ취²ǣǲ֪ʥλҪԼɳ֮ǰնݳ֮ǰʥλֻ֮ʹǵ̽
ҪƴŷɳԼҪ̽ȫ޷Ԥϡ
ûĲͬѹҲر
Ѳ⡭
һֱǾ޷κ⣬ȻҸȤǵʱɣ
ԼҲѾȷϹˣʥλɱҲ
άĵ˴Ϣ֮⣬ȴҲΪҹһ
ó˵NO.1ԵŰǽҹûʲôʥλûصֱ˵ͦ㡱
˾һʱȻҲܶⱳ˼ҹĹͽչĸ˳ˡ
ó߹ϯλʹͶռһĸǰѳó˵Ĵӵʥλ̵ϣάΪʥʸûں
ʹͶ㶨ʹͶʹϵʥλ¼ҲֻͨԶûһ谭ĸ㶨ˡ
ʣʹͶʲƷϾжԹϵһҲڸĿѹҹ밲ԵǿӦˡ
ѾȷĸΨֻһʹͶʺܲԸҲǵΪ˿ӵаҵʹͶʽа̻ȷʾ˾ܾ
ǰ̻ӦþǸɵ½̻ɣķ˵
ڸ㶨˵ĸͨħͨѶͱľܾˣû˿أҹҲЩ
ķ۵λԱΪ˿Լǽ˲̻ƨһķԱύǷ᰸̻Ӱӡ
ҹĿܹó˻һ֧־͹ˣû뵽άôӾȻԳͦԼİֻǱĿҲ̫˵㡣
ˣǲܹó˵ȫ֧ˣһе㲻Բ
ȷ̻Ĳ³˹ոյִó˲꣬һֻػض½ҪҲǱߡ
ΪǧϹ֣֪ĶȻˣ˵֤̻ģҹҲ˼ĸ߰һ޷Ǿǿɵó˶𿩣нӴݰɡ
Ϊŵ̵ԵʣֻԼŮ˾Ӽһ㣬ܸǴ㹻ѹ
ȥ򣿡
ҲôΪģ̻Ҳ̫ϲͲˡ
Ҳ¶˺һЦݣҹ仰ˡ
ոó˵İ尡ƽλǰҲ̫ذɡ
ܰҵ뷨Σһϣ˫Ŀһµġ
һƴƴһܶܽ⣬һŰݷ趯־ֻܽҪԷչʾԵѹ͹ˡ


410 ӭ
³˹壬ʥʥλңǰǶ½ħ-˹Ĺϼ壬ΪһʧܵͨԪһֻδ֪ʥλսһ
ɹ˶ԷȴҲ˸߰˰ˣǶսನ̫󣬼Ҳ⵽˴˹
óźǿӲѪֶλȡ˶ƿȨڳһǿĸ̬߰һȺԶӡ
ֱŮ˾ôȰ˵һš侲ʵʵ齨̻ʵгһ»ص½ص˹
³˹Ǹ߰ģģϡеħңǼԱĹʶ
ݵ˥޷ֹԼ˻ع鸹أƫԶֻݾ֮أ
óˣƾ峬Խʥλĵ̣һֱ˳˳ˮΪֹֻԹοһξǸŮ˾ġȰ˵ðɣ˼ʥλܣܹĴڣķڷ
ڶΣǼʦǿߣǴѺʣһλ밲ó˵һʦͷʱܡ
ҰʦȻŹǧʱۣʱʤǲ³˹ħһֱǼʷϵĳ裡
ҲԴ֮̻ʹͶʲƷ֮γˮȵĶ˾ϵ
һǸٹ̵ĵͷߣϵó˵һһǵ̻ʥλħңҲǻʤ
ֱǰʱ䣬Ϊ޵еʹͶʲƷȻħͨѶҪü߹ϯλ֧Ȩ
ֱΣ
ȻΪɵȺҪģȫۼƷζ
һ뵽ʧݵ飬ЩӳϹϵӭĵĿ⣬˲
Լʥλңħңʷϳʥ嶼ִܳĻԾ˸߱Ϊ߹ʦħ-˹ԶĹϼ塣
ó˶Ϊԭֻĸϯλ˴˵ϯλǸŮ˾˶弸ӡ
λŵʥλ⣬˭ܹüã
˭üͷ

ڽ죬ڲ³˹Ѿ̾꾭ӪͨһٶȴͻȻһҵĽ粨
Ϊħң³˹ĽˮƽȻڻ£ʱѾħ壬Ϸһν磬ֻͽĽϴƽʱǹرյİˡ
죬ȴǱļˣڼȫ֪飬ȫ֪״±ˣ
һʱ䵺еĲ³˹徫Ӣ߳Լħʵ˳⣬һɲӿѾ¶ټĽ硣
ʲôʲôӣΪλἤ磬ýʱ侭ӪͶ˴ϡԴԼһһŲõģȻٿƥ޷ڴĻȣƾȴҲˣ
ʥλҲƴŷɲſܻơ
ɽ죬ȴĪ쳣ҵı仯ʮɫƺӭ״
䣡
帹صһħУһɿµϢһɫħ۵Ŀķɳ˷ʦɫѿĿհڳӭ̬Ľ硣
еĽٿôƣûܳ˿ı䡣
ǿܻ̫Ϊƿߣȴȫ״ʱĽٿؾѲԼƿ֮£
Խǵִʱĸ߶۽磬ԽеĲ˼顣
磬Լ밲ҵѧʱʦǿµõ뼤
ûнʥλ̣Է˵ܹʥλεĽ磬ҲĴ̼
ԻǷзʦƣŴΪĻ磬ԼֶչѾѷɫڰˡ
ɽ죬ԼΪƳɱ˰Ļ羹Ȼȫƣƽ練תڷһĻǳ˼⣬ȴû˿ֿİ취
ɫɲһ߿þͨ׼һʱ֪ͨ˱ѵʱһȴĶС
ףôģųӭӣ³˹廹൱ÿ͵ȫ˵ĲһŶǰ
Դ䵭£Ҳ˵ƶˣƲ̤֮ƶеӰ˳ݻ£Ų³˹ڳԱעĿ
ɶʱ⹦ˣǲ³˹ͨԱͷɻ
Բۣ(s)s\T_ǰе
꣡ءبt(t)λ³˹Ļϵʺ
öƴɵƽ簡ȴһ㶼ϸָӵ˲аȫûԼ֮ýĸ
ҵһЩԼĽڵ㣬ƹǽԼȨ߳ԭԱʵ̫ѡ
ŪнӰҹе뷨


411 ĻҪ
˳̺˿ɫȥޱ֮µǱġ
ȫ޷ԱСôֱǿл˶ԷĿȨʱĽӴ˽⣬ԷҲûҪĻлǲԱСӺͲ³˹ϼһŻԼ
ٶ磬˵ǲ³˹רԼġ
˵ԼҪԼķʦһͷ
Դ˰Ȼû˵ʲôʵϻǺܹעĽչ
ԼǧʱԼķʦﵽĲΣԷħƾʱ伸ӭͷ׷ϣûźҲǲܵġ
ǰ仯ȴ̫߸ˣǻ̫ãԼ᲻ᾫҶ
ǰõĵģԷֲ̫̫Ϲˣķʦҿû֣ҪҲû൱ġ
ƺǸеԱ߰ҵĲҹˬʵġοֻԽοȴԽĵ׺ףʲôҲû൱ǰ൱ûѣ
˵Ҵʱķҡ
λյĲ³˹ϵߣβ³˹ϣ̻ᶭ£粻˸һȴǽеĲ䶼ڳһÿ͵ıſλӭȥ
ϸ磬λǴеҹ˰ɣȻǽʦ
ó˶ɵµ鱨ռѣ̫ԶˣһЩ˵ʱȥôãؽֽ¶ҹĹϢôܹ֪ģ˼ǰ춼ħѶˣ鱨ռǾҲ̫Ӧˡ
ţֲʹСϢνǰĻһʦݣ
ڲ³˹еİеֶöצ۹ȥˣ˼ϣ˼һˣһһǿҪʧ
⻹˶ɹص£
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ΪһʦʦΪһߣǿȷ侲£ȴҲòǰΪѡ
³˹ǰļǲʥλŰħҵţ˶ϲõĽ翴۾ˣҹħʦҲĿ¡
ҹڳһǫѷ̬¶ˡơЦݶϲ³˹еֻλϵЩ֮࣬ĵҲԽԽס
֪ԷĿĺʹ㣬ȫڶԷˣȻƴǺ飬ƴĻ¾޻ع鸹صĿˡ
³˹ߣλʦ⣬Աȴȫզ£֪ΪҪôߵĹӴˡ
ǽ绯ݣԳӭӣе̫˰ɡ
ϲ³˹ӭӺ󣬺мâ֣ȴǲ³˹Ĵʦǿߣϵϵ룬ߵĿ¡
үǻһʵû𣬿˾ͽǣ
һ³˹ĵϵʦԼݿڵλʦҲǳԼݣλŮ˾ʥ٣˭ܵݹ
죬ȥ׼߹ӷ磬²Ķ
λʦû˵꣬ͱϲ³˹ǳͷҹ밲˵С¡
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ҹȻЩּڳľ᲻ܺóԣΪأ˶ٺּ˵
ģɵһԵ·ˣͬҲǵģֻǻЩź
ԡԵ·ˣ
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ҡҷ
ϲ³˹ȻǿӲȶԷսȴֻһ̾Ϣ
Եˣôܲӡ
ֻҪһչִڸУʵ϶ԼûɶõȨˣôһݵģú˵𣬻ܲˣˡ
ϲ³˹ʱҲһЦ

ó˵һϯλֻ֧ȡ൱˳ʱ仨ȫ·ϣ̸׵ʱȴ൱̣еЭ֮ȫ㶨ˡ
ҹҲɹԵǵĽӷ磬ȷܺóԣԲ껹˲٣˲ٸԼռİš
ӱʹ֮ˣֵñڵĦˡ
꣬ǲһٷҹҲϲ³˹һı׼ˣֻ뿪֮ʱϲ³˹Щĵʵ
ҹǽʦ֪ʲôϵ𣿡
ҰеݹϵɣҲ̫أɵˣţɵ»塣
ҹһνıظǰ˰밲һ뿪˴˵ء
ȥıӰϲ³˹Ҳɷһ̾Ϣֻݹϵô˰ҵĻǵҲԩ
常
Ա֮ǰλħС̽ƺҪһ顣
ʲôʣ֪ͨȫˣȫ巨ʦѧͽҲҹԻҳһ飡
ȫ뿪ʲôϲ³˹ǻͷ

շеˣƾʦٶȲν죬뿪ٶСʱҹȴ۽ͻȻͣ
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ǰȻȥɣٶȿ㣬Ȼ۵ˡ
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һҪ˵ЩʲôʱƺͻȻͬӦʲôɫȻ䡣
ǰھΣҡ
ҹȰ˵Ļû˵꣬Ҿһö;ֱ˺ѣһʧԭأֻ
ҹ£ϸ첲Ҳãִܲ棬һˡ
ЩҵҹĪһλʥλҲ氡ֲεĴ;϶ǿ׷ġ
ҿãԼõĻԷùϵ군ˡ
վһ


412 ѡ
ʥλѾʼʽĳÿһλʥλĵˡ츳ŬȱһɣÿһλܻԼ֤ʷǨÿһλǻŵʷʫ˵
ѾνӴʥλþһֶƳɹ¾ʥνʥλҹȴҲôء
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²ǹһϵʹˡ
ڲӿĺϿգƬƺѾܲҹͺڱĺġ
ҹ̽ѯʵĻǽٵΰ־û˿ظ˼ƺǲ˿ҹ
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ҹĿڵƺûжʥλĽţǽ̬ѾԽ˾ķˣ
ҹĻѣֻļɵλŮ˾֣ʥ㹻󣬹Ԥ֮еĳ֣ȴչֳֶ֮Ρ
ˡ
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û˿ۿɼĹ֣ҹϵȴڶ֮ܶ࣬ϵĳ˸ֹ⻪˺ѣʱʱѳƽѪۡ
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Ϊ֪ѰʥλֶκβңһֱȻСС֣
ͻӿҹϱϢƺΪصش¶˾ġ
һλûܵұӻƷ֮ͫߣһλδȫɳѾӵ˿ܵĴڣɳȥ棡
ΪҹݶֵĶݳɺȴǴ˸ӹϸɱ⣬ٵʥٴŨ˼֡
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ܵ˼ӳɺմܳʥǹҹҲһνֵ
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ӳֵȴλشڽֻΣ̽ԵľӶ࣬дʥλֶӿµܶδ

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Ҫȵٳɳʲôʥλ֮µľ磬ûܵ˿Լ汻ץԼβ͸޾ĿһҲҪĺܣ
ҲǱŲ̬̽һ£ֽȥǿöûˡ
֮ӿڵģʽ˫ؼӳ֮£ҹƷ֮ͫɨһȷ϶ԷȴҲ˿
ϻѸٵϨɫ΢Щס
ÿһͽԷˣȻȫԼִʥ٣Ĺȴ϶᲻ܡ
̶ֳȵģȫڽܷΧڣ΢ͺãʥλֻۣ̽ȫǻֶȡֹĹʽá
ǡո״̬Ҳܳ־ãȻˣǾɡ
һƺǴҹе˴굽ҵ嶳У
ȻһֱԱ߻еڶλ͵ʥλܣ
ôܣȻԼ۾ɨ裡˸Ů˾ĸӦ
ֻһλȫֵʥλвҹ˿飬Ͳֲܹȫʥλֲ֣εսʥ
ðڶֻ̫ˣһλϢȿʼǶҪŨʵǿѾðŷɵķգ
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̻Сô޴ľٶһٶԴСʹݱȻᴥŭ̵壬޷⣬޷

Ա֮ǰǵʥĸս٣ǰԼʥյɫӰȴҪǿĶࡣ
ʥǹϸཻǹ˶ҹ֮ȼģʽ֮澹Ȼһɻˣ
ڿײȦ󣬱ͻȻ֮ɫӰٴסԴ˾·磡
һҲҹɹȡ˶ԷʽֵȻǿȴɹŶԷıݻΣ
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һƬλ˸缫һΨޱȣȴ͸¶գƬڹԶΪޡ
ҡ֮ȫۼ
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ȻҹȫĽɫȫ˽ȥ


414 ǽŵ
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ܵһжѸٶ丯綼ڷ
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ڴʱʥλϢȴǽˣȻٱǽǸ֮ɨһգ
ܵϤϢҹҲ˿
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һīɫϲƶȥ
ҹɫ뽫Լռ䶼ƺܵظţԼŵԼķһ㣡



415 
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ڸոճݵº󣬰žͻǵռĶԣƿ˱½뵽ҹԼռУԼԵԼѹơ

ƺʱӹһˣ겻ɢĵӣʳҪͱջ
иһҹ׼εĿռ񣬻ǰӰĻһֱûãһȴǱƽϣҰ


416 
طӰ
ǰо޿ӵҹԭġռĸоӰ
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Զɫưػˮ޲
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ˣȺ۸ݣ֮˱Ϊйţ

ɽֱĳǽɽ֮ϣ޾ΰףԭͶ͵ɽ֮ϣٴ˸ʵĳǽȫ֪Ҫεȵˡ
ǽѪ۰߲޿ɶҡѪ־
ǽ֮ϿĹ㹻ʮţƬķͷվڳǽ֮ϣÿ˶ȫװѥӵͷɿ׸ǡ
󲿷ֵĿȴʣ͹ǽһѾɿݵİ߲Ѫա
뻮һȻǾѵ뺹ˮܴﵽ˳̶ȡ
ִеַֹȷǽǶ֮·ɽȥһƬɫأݲ
ϸȥȴֲܹ֣˴ʴҺ壬Ѿɿݣݵȴ㹻ʪ
ǽйʱڲųһС壬һְҵĶ޷塣
ſٵѧϰʽΰǽıӻľķ
˶ħ۹Ϊħ۹а޳ŰΪħ۹װֲʳŻȡ˹Ӳд֮أȡᡣ
壡
Ƕ֮ϵľû٪ľʽĴֲڿװûаľſģ߻죬ȴǴװȫǽ
ǽǽ֮ϻ̶˴Ͷʯΰǽڲͨأ㹻ٿظֳǷװá
ǻ䣬ӻ帹ص֮ǽ
紵ǽ̨վڸ̨֮װҪʽ׸ӾĽϵĺ䣬Ҳء
֮ˣȱʳĺаֽۼ֮ǽ
긴һ꣬ûжһΡ
а޿ʧʮοʧһٴΣֻҪʧһξһжˣѵʿĿѾϺа޵ķֳˡ
ħһȴҲֻǽ嵱˵ɧŵϣȫǶҲûʧ˲ϵİҪϹ⣬ɳһһ䡣
ɼˣԺòԴϵȴҲʵףkǵıӻΨֻܿԼ
޷ְҵģı
˧ӵ̡
λħˣɹְͦҵĵԪ˧΢ʧʱصȴǽʵԶֱͷ˳ء
˧̨ȫս
ഫԣ̽ӹɢнֹĳǽؾʼ
ľһһװţ϶乭Ҳռλŵ䷽Ҳȫʼ
ϿտȥܼܿפؾӵѸٶңĴһ塣
֪Ǿ˶ٴѵܴﵽˮƽ
˧t̨Ѿֺа޵ټײ޳ʮԤӺͶʯ̣ڵִǽ
ԱߵĹ۲ٿŸߴt̨ϵϴѶϢ
ء
ƽָӹ﷢
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ѶϢ޷׵Ԫ˧۾΢ɲҡΣԱߵĹ۲ĵҲɳһ̾Ϣ
Ԫ˧˵СΪͷãΪ˹ʿΣյӡ
޷һճսչ˵ĺӿ˹Ҳԡ
ֻƬ̣޷׵Ԫ˧۾һƬ侲
ڲǶŮ鳤ʱԼϻŸҪΣԼ縺ػ˵Ρ
һӰеɽ֮ʱ纣һܼӰǵصĳĳǽӿԶԶȥܼһ㡣
ֻнӴϱ֪Щȥϻĺڵ㣬ʵӵ˴Сܼϸצ׳ħޡ
ЩħԵѷ죬ⲻʳѪҺǿҸʴԣϵĲҲֵǮûĸԸЩȳһħޡ
޾ķֳ볬Խĸ壬һֱС
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裬Ѹٴݵ˸ΣڳǽǽͶʯǽڲȼĺ;ʯϣźХӿ
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ڵڶͶʯδ׼õʱЩа޵ĹٶȾѾ˹Χ
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ǿľһɨȥڴһܹᴩֻ
ʵĹ䣬ҲܺݺݹЩа޵ĽƤУмĶζһڴС˿ڡ
Ͷʯ뾢ЩĿܼɱȴ͡
һڴС˿ڣ±汻ʸЩǿƤĺаޣȴȻǰٳ档
ǽײʱÿһֻа϶ʸǷצݺݵĲ̵ǽ֮ϣʼֱ
Ȼǽΰʣǵٶ֮ȴƺܷܿԽ
䴸ǽϡ
䴸ǽϣ
´ǽǶĴ׳ܸ֮ϣصʼ£һҡһֻֻа
µаޱƺֻ·ͬ顣
ǽ֮һλãǽ·һ϶һпڲϵиɫѪ䣬ոŴ͸䴸а
֮ϣһСֻìĶڳ֣ǹŽӴսǰĵ
ǽʮ֮һľ룬ȴվһӶ˩̤ǽڣֳָܵĵǽӡ
΢бĳǽʩӵ볤µϰǽ̤ǽ̤ƽһο
ֲڵĳǽʾѥײĦܹȷСΧڵŲ
սʼڣҲһа޳潻档
͸صĺаĿѾ൱ǣȻǵĺаȴǸʿǺݺݵش
Ŀצǰֽһ㣬һץɨȥҪλǽԱöƵסˣ˶ᱻѸٵĻɣֱ۹ۻһֵһþֱѻֱӱĵǽȫ飡
ÿһֻаޣҪʮ˵Ųܿһ׬һľܵϣηǰͺ̵ǿסǽǰߡ
ϵĿҪĲǷа޵צǷǻսѺײ
ܵһ׬һܶ࿳һ׬һ
ɼˣʱƣ·аʬԽԽ࣬Լа޲ͬϵ϶ʮ֮һĵǽҲۿɼٶȱʴš
һץһһ˺ͱ룬ֱӴھ׽Ѫȫһµаڶ࣬µʿȴࡣ
ԸʵԶԶĵˣĬ⣬ֻ
ս׼
ս׼ˣ
ŵǽֻʣ±һ㣬һֱǰĹֿʼ󳷣ҲڻصİºƣǺ󳷵ʱǵҲֹͣ
һԶˣֻỻ಻а޵ųǡ
սǰܼĶ󣬳ǹӷ϶ȴĽ١
ͨ谭һֻа޾צץ˳ǽǶ֮ϣһԾ籣һĽһȫɢ
аҲìһֱӴд룬ֱͱ࣬Ǻа޵ǿҲԭزϷһʧȥϢ
ɢʿΪͬľ̯Ƶ赲ȴֻ˲Ȼ˰ˣҲȻã
˲ӰжæٴɷǿĹڹ֮ǰ
ʱΪ񣬿žһʳħħְҵĵļ⵶ǿߣҲǵڻ£ڷķ϶ɿʼնɱ
ÿΣʱͽ뷽ʿ񲻼赲Щϡо
ȷֹϣſǳˮһĹס


417 ʧ
ŨԪϢ峺Ŀ
ҡʱѣУվһغɫĻҰµϣҹµĸ֪Ͳ׽ȵԪ
ʲôƺλĹͨ൱ףϺǱﲻĳλ棿
ſе㣬ҹҩ֪ʶҲܿһ˿Ȼߵһʯĺ棬·ǿͻʯͷ϶ðԴе㵱
Ȼʲô̫ĲҩβͲһɣطȻûȥɿԲҩѧ⣬ȻЩλҲвٵ񻨡
ŨħԪز׾پܲժĲҩĸҸ
һʱ䣬ҹ˸жˮȻʮҵĻѡ
ڴʱ䶶˶վбϵҹǳб·һϿȵխ·ȥ
ȻŶϱڵ谭޷ֱӣҹĿ¸ֻ֪һƮͱһάͼ
ʲô˹ˣˣƥʮֻдħ׷ɣһְҵ׶ûУ׷ħȴȫﵽʳײΣһԨ
ҹɿɿӣǰ⣬Լ˵˹̹޵ֻħˡ
˵ʵ΢ֶܰҲǸԼ൱вˣʳ׵Сħްƺþöûɱˡ
Źȥһ갡ôоʱ˺þһ
ҹԹ԰ϧ˳״̬սһߣȴ֮С
Žʿ񱼣̤ڻҰϣ󳾰涼һƬ̳
Ψһһƥûˣȴһֱڶ鵱еĽϣǱż
񱼵ƴض˲ʮֻ׳ĿħޣӴӷ׵ȴܳ˱ǰŵȽҪٵٶȡ
·⣬Ѿӭͷϡ
ܹ180ſѪУܼϸηˮűܵ䣬ÿһצ̤ڵ棬һݡ
ɳ˶һıƤ·˶¹Ķ
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һһͬ汼ܵı֮Ҳһ˿Ȼ˦г˽ĺȡ
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һֻעĺаޣϢĺһжŻ
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ԤĽ࣬һ̾ͱͷĿеһĿ֮ڣ
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ְҵ׵ļʸǿĺаޣҪûܻжԷ޴شѸٵĽٶȣӴ彫ͬҲһ¡
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ﵱһֻܶݵЩҲһ־еļᶨ
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Ԫ˧ر߽꣬λŮֻʣһλ˫ĿʧŮûս˧λȫսҲҪ˧ȡһ˿ϣ
ֻӶӳʲô˧ϻ˵ǰٹһ·̾ܵԨ֮أһС֧ߵȾվǲЩаԼ̵ġ
־ͷһȴҲ൱侲Եǰ˷˵ȥʱ·ĳ롣
ֻǣʱ˵һ죬ûĻһӿ¶ֲסˡ
Ԥ󣬻һνʮֻаǰߣѾ׬ˣʣµľͿ׻׬ٰɣ
ٴ칭˹ٴλָ侲֮ɫ侲һʵǰᡣ
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Ȼһڰ·ϣͱǰһֻа޵צһצĿ
ǿľֻڶԷצһư׺ۡ
ļɣԾԵҲ
ϣһķɣתһ·Ѿ̫ྫİ˹ҲƺǱһ˿ϣ
ֳǵĲҲɣܺùԱĹ͵ƴˣҲˡ
Ѿûʤˣ˴ҵ֮𡭡
תļͷδأǵצҲδջأһǺƸһ޷ܵǿצȴƱһɨӦϣ
צɫѪδǴ͸צĿֲһֱӼᴩֻа׳壬һ
ӴʧȥŹԱײ˵棬ǰƬƷɡ
ǵһֻеʮֻа޶ȫͬһʱܵͬĹ
λʿͬһʱ̣
ǹᴩħһĹ
һʯϣᴩаʯʯѿлҡεļʸ˹ȫ޷󹭼Ȼܹﵽƻ
иߵȾֻɱаֻڴţԼδĿùʱЩ˵Է顣
Ȼȥˣ̫ûŪֲεе˰ôͷһ㶼ûн
չҹһѧģʽʸÿһֻħ޵­ϰװƣ̫ûԸСĲɣȴЩʧˣ΢ôһ㡭


418 ʷǿ
˺þòĹе˰
ֽʯڻɵʯϣҹ±Ƶȥ
࣬ӦûܹȥһЩɡ
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ҹǰװ΢ԾһЩͷСӳ˼ȴǷ˱ĵط
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˼˵һ󶼿ܰزεȷġ
֮ͶѣţشҼͺˡ
ҹĿһһۣ嶼Ѿ˼£ѾԽ˾ż̴ӵķ룬ͷǸ롰ʮ̴ˣҲܴﵽʮĳ̶ȡ
һֱľ飬ż̴ӲǷϴҩԼ۱ߵʱ򰡣оʮ̴ӣȥǮһƿͨϴҩǿ϶ܸõˡ
ȻԷûзùϴҩζֻҪùʧҲЩζԼ׽ġ
𡣡
ΪԷʵ΢ҹҲȫڸĿģʵĺֱӡ
Ȼѵȥ𣿡
ڶԷԼĻ˵˱׼ͨ˹̬ȸԹ฽λ沢ʲôܣħǱ߾ַؾԪϢº޹أЩϢħһҲصĸӹ
Ŷ͵ǰɣʲôݣλ
˵ҹɸе൱⣬ǰɣ߶ȿﻹ˶ϵĵطԪ֮ôôŨ
϶ָҵʱ˰ɣ˵һֵط
һţҹһ߶ʮֻħʬ̧̧֣öħУʮֻħ޳öħˣʻպˡ
ֲεħ˶ҹ˵Ҳνˣʳ֮ζ֮ϧ
ֻŸոսħŪ֣ͷԭҪشԼ˶ȵԼϵħˣҹ㶺ȻʧЦ
ֱ㶵񣬳˿Ϳ
ǻҪȥϴҩġ
漴ҹǽеöħ˦ǣ޼ʰĶӺͰǵСӳʱ򣬶ԷҲħ˴ģҹζζָоҲЩ廳
˦֮󣬱һЩħԨϢħʬǰһħƷ֣һͷҲصڵ
𷢴ˣҵ⻹ûشء
ִ˴Щħ޽ʻɳ˶һĴֲƤԼ֪ʶ澹ȻûϳħޣҹҲһֱûõ˵Ļظ
ջľȴ˲ԣͷȥͿͦʬһĵ˵ϣϵľγ鴤
һѪţƤ֮¶
ԲۡǷ
Լǿַɾְҵ׵ҹתͷľٶ²ۡ
ֻ֪ûݿ΢ЭеѶɹʵжͣ
ǶǳԽ˾ż̴ӵ⣬ҲܲסڲŰ
ûشأɲھ͸ƨˡ
ͷոҹֽ̧̧۵һǿ˵
һƨһʯϣժһ񻨶׽Ѿ˽ְҵļתѵˣҹɷ˷ۡ
УҪ˵ԼƿҩҲҪôྫͬʱ˵ת治˸ɵ¡
Ȼϸ̱Թֱҹվ̧һ֣ܹ˳ֶΪҲȡ
ɡɹ𡣡
Ϊǿİ˹һЩã۾ܵδܹǿһ˲۾ʪ
һĻᣬԼ߹ˣһǲҽ̳սѵ־
ͷ뷨û꣬ڶ֣еĵڶ
ð˹㶺󣬸Ǽ¸жˮɹˣǶô˵ĳɼ
ӡӳһ𡣡
ɽ𣬰˹ȫľˣһȻǲһعȥˡ
˺ˣûشģڵݡ
˵̬뵽ǰһֱļοӵͷԭڿ۸Ҹˡ뷨Ҳˣ˲õĸо
ιιǧǸܰϰ壬⡰ǰռĽĪǰ̫˰ɻ쵰
2263ꡭ
ڰ뷢㶵еİ˹ʶĻصҹɵǰйżԪ
ʷضֻܲһЩԼʷ¼˴ǵ
ϰӴǽطɶʱǰ̫˰ɣ񶼻ûʾû뵽һ½Ȼķʽ
ҹбԹʱ򣬺ܿ죬ѾõλСӳһ仰ˡ
Ȼð̵ܽ¼
ѾȫعСӳҹǰļᶨׯϡ
һľȻĿ㲻ϺӢȴʮˣҹɬĿڵ
֡
˹ҵǰ˹
Ǻǣ˹˹֣Ŷ
ռ񣺰֮ʦ


ʮ ն


419 нഫ
һľȻĿǰϻմȾѪۣһѧ꣬ҹȫ޷˵Լʱ顣
˹ʷϵǿѹйŽԪӰһĳԪ֮ӡ
һᴩŽеʥλܣ߱µͷħ
ְ߱ҵνǰ˹Էģĵ˴ҫԼ֮ʱԹҹҹӡ
Ȼʱһͬа˹ˣȴһ࣬ϣųΪԼѧ
һط֣ҹҲ͵ˣйżԪռʾ֮ǰһԣҹֱԼϰ徾ϰ
ǰǿΪӰƨİֻϰԼʷʷܹɳİ˹Լһվʷֵ˳Ӧ򣬿˳ӦҪǰ赲öˡ
ǰ԰˹λǿ΢һ㴫ǵҹȴ˹˵ȷǼԪ֮ӣѹйŽԪĪľǸ壡
˹ʵٶȺһ㣬ռ߱߳ɾʥλʱǣɾͰǧ꣬ȴһһӡȫս澳ϴġ
ҲƺѵˣߵսѡˡѶ²һ㵹һһһһ
ڵȵɳ󻹺ãǰڼֱ˥壬ʣһ˵
ʣǰŸոԼ½ְҵףһֻʳħ޶㲻İ˹ΪСʱ˵ʲôʱԼͱˡ
ǰǿɳˣ˸ʦʲôȫ֮С
ǿռ䡰˭˵Ǹģҳұ֤㣡
߱ôľõѡ·ԼģȴҪ½ݻѵݽнഫô
Ȼ֪ǣȻ֪еķգǿǹᴩŽȹԼεҹǻ˵ͷ
ԡ
ԼϣֻǿһλСǿߣڶεѹڶĿһγԵİ˹˴𸴺ȴԼסˡ
վڰ֮۵ĸ߰壬ȻӦ˴ڰײ
ݵ󣬽ıǷĿϲ
ʦҡ
ܱʦ𡣡
ʦ
ǽʦɡ
˹һҪԼдĶҹ÷ʦֽ̧֮
סȻΪҵĵӣ㽫Ȼܹ֮ϣΪ˸ľǿߣӽԺԼͷ­
Ŀ˶ԷһۺҹǼԵͳ˵
סӵǿߵ̬ſӵǿߵʵ
ִδ˵Ļð˹ҲһΪײ壬ǿߵֱֻ̬Цһֱ΢ҵĻţԪ˧֮Ҳӵľ
⡭
ʦһζҵĽ̵ô̵ҪǿҪȶ־ô
Ϊʦĵһ仰ȴΪһŻδѿӣӷѿ󵽵׻ΪεȲȴҲֻδ֪

ʦǺаޣһڵԨĿǿڣȴ
ҵĸֳһΪУҵļλֳ
ŶǸʦԸҵĹ𣿡
ҹĻδ˵Ǳˡ
ʮǰ硭硭硭
ҹֵħ޵ʲô󣬲ǵǲ̫ܣİ˹Ȼֱӻ˻롣
پȴƫƫһƽĿǣûжٸ鲨Ļеϴһҹץ
³Ҫǿռȷʾҹȫ޷ͬⶫδǿû뵽һֻİ
ҹһ˰˹ġ¡󣬴Ҳǰʱڵ˽ˣ嵮֮ڵӻǿܶգѧħġ
δӾѧħԾĳǹģҲΪǾǻ۱˳ʹá
һЩҪȥħѧϰ֮ȴܾˣ˿ȫһ˶ľħ۹ڶ½ħ۹Ĳб
˶Ȼͬžħһԣôûдʳϰϰߣûеھħ۹а޵ɧš
ⲻܳԻȾصħޣħһҲᷳǵʵԶԸǺҲһ
嶼Ǳһ֮ǽΰǽ֮ӵԼֵغԱǰһЩĻ
ǿķǿָ˽֮ǽʱ˿
ҹѸѶϢжϵʱһİ˹ٴοˡ
ʦʲôʱҼ
ʦһĶ䲻Ǽ𡣡
ʦ˵Ƕܳ١
˵Ӷߴýҹǻ˻һĿŰ˹飬ð
ҸеǱߴаϢ˵޳𡣡
ҹŵʯվһ
ʼûãһԼкŨĳζѪζȴƮ˹
ҹĻ󣬰˹λȴ¶һưˡ
޳ÿһζȡ˵ε޳ĴΪǶûܿߣֻߵľ̡
˵ı飬ҹҲô£ûһʼȥæȴҲΪûгǽķĸ˴Ӻֱ޳޷˿á
ԴӵЩ޳ʼҰսʹûҴߡ
ȳȥɣ⣬࣬ţ;еϵࡣ
Ἰ˵Ȼҹ̧־ͽ÷֮ڿնζŨԴ


420 
Ԫ˧εĿͬ
Ȼΰǽ¥֮ϣһ۲ͨﷴɫҲԵúء
ڵǽӵĲѾȫˣϳǽаԽԽ࣬Ѿ޷һʱɱ
һǳײ뵽˹еĻʻԶ̴Ӷøаγɶѭ
ĺǿվ̫ϡˣ
ϳǽͨҪһ֧ȫװСӽƲܻɱһֻ
λ޷׵Ԫ˧˵ƶЩְޣὣȥˡ
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ô꣬ôΡ
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󸹵صǣսʿǶڿߣڵȴʤǵȴޱ޼ʵаޣ
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Ϊϲ˲嵽ʲô
ΪĶ޷ۣΪûǻ۵ħ޶磡
õ
齣ӳЩȻþȫֿսʿǣ²Ԫ˧¶˼ɫ
²ϧҲҪסһεĽ
𣡡
һҲעһһ£ǽ϶󷽣һֱڱؼӰȫȡһС嵹
ԭѾص帺ɣһֱھƶؼףǷ˴֮ȴһͻȻЯؼ֮˵ϳǽ޳֮С
ħ˵ȼǵ֮
ͻȻЩϸѡʿֱӳΪΣյĵط
жͬһԼڵɱ֮ǰܵɱĵˣķ֮²ڵ
Ѿûк·עһؼսʿ˱ħ޻ҪӿµķչʾĲ
ֱ۱˺ϣҧҪҧһ
ɵ˳һ·֮ϵҹͿǰĳ档
ˮһħ޺Ͳǿֿ֮ǽôйʱڵô
ǰĻ棬ҹĵ׳ļ¶𺳣ħ޵ƽˮƽܵͣĿʵ̫ӴǵҪԱҲȫ
ĿħޣȴǱƽˮƽǸӵ΢ǿе£Ѫ֮Ӳ赲ǰ赲˺󷽵ĸ֮ǰ
Ż
ҹȫûеĵѼӣſڵŻƭˣɣࡣ
ŻҲҹе˻Ϊ˼άٶ̫죬Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ʵֻǶ̶һ˲
ĺһ
ӦĴģɱԼܰӦǴѪˡ
ĩ׼ʱ̫ĴνλħҲҪʱ乴գһһ붼ţֻˡ
ǰϴԶóӦǲˡ
̯׼˳ǽײ
ڴרҵ׿ʼһֱʦ׵ģȫԣѪļӳȫչ˳
תɳɡ
Χɡ
ħƻ޵Ľɡ
Գǽɵ𺦷ɡ
ҹĿʼһεĿ³ӿܼ޳һɫѪɵֱͨǽײ
ضһۣȫɫѪѵʬ顣
ɨ
Ƭǽħ޲к֫裬ԭǽײϸһܼħȺ̼䱻һɢ
Ƭħ޶ƱƤֽĨȥһ㣡
µѪͲкӳȺ±Ƶؾȫ޷ǰʵ
ŻµļһҲ㱻ԼŻǺ
ȼü֮ʱˣڣЩҲҪ㶨ˡ
ҹһɨֻǿǽǰħޣһ㲻Შȥ󣬲ڿڴһֻеҲ˳
תħȺΪĵķ˫̧
¡
Ƭƺ˲ǽϵؾǶܵɿµ𶯣ҲΪ˹ɱ˲дѾϳǽħޣǵɴ۾Զ
ֻаΪе򣬳Ƭطħ޳յɶȥƺһµĺڶ֮ϣܵһС
ٰصһЩʯк漫Ϊΰ
ħ޻ɿɢǺڵۼѹһ޴Ưǿʼ֮ϡ
ڱ⣡
һԲбƵĺаޣдЩյǣҲ˿־ɫ˾İ
ԴˣҹȴһƬĮ
־ɣɣȻȥɣ
ѾǿĽ壬̼תѸٵĳźаԴ֮ȥ
ܱȲֱӽǽĿңѪ֮۶ٶԼԸ֡СĴڣЧȴҪߡ
һĢƳ
Ƭ˶ݵʧ״
ɢĳҲûзĲдаȫ˺顣
ڼײϳǽ֮ǰҹһֱָɢһգѰɢ
䡫
Ĩɱһкǻصǳ˶С
಻ĳػصòϢ
㹥帹أĺа޳ȫ


421 ѶĿ
⡢ǡ
ظ̨ʱڶ׼Լ³ɱеλԪ˧ŵɫ
ƬһƬǽ壬սƱһ˫ȫȥһ飬γһʹӣĶȻ֮յǣǱըĢ˺һка޵ǣ
ǽһƬѪգҲ˲а޲кؾҲûϵϵѪۣһƬ״
궼κβ˵аȺǰ˲Ϣȫⷴʵ̫޷⣡
ųǽǰ𺳵ĳ棬ǲƵս󳡾ȫ޷Ǻֹɵ״
ΪһԪ˧ֻһС壬۽ҲҪŵ֮ģ֪һֽħĶħһ֮ɣѾһЩǰ˾һҪѧϰħ
ô޷ħܻ֮ǰֻţȴ
˭λ·Ĵһѡ
λΰڵֶֻΪ֮ȴǾ֮
һаͻ֮ǽʧȥ˳ǽıӻ಻ֹа֮ս
ǵȴֻһ;޴ˣ
ڰ²ظոմл֮ʱ̨ǰѾһӰƺ˿Ƶࡣ
ӵ֤˵ݡ
ֽҪŻµı̨ϣҹҲɢ֪ǧħˣڲ඼챬ʿϡ
̫ˡ
ԼҲû̫ա
ȻˣԼ;Էβܣ
̧ǧ˶һ֮ɢգȡԴԴϵҹڡ
ݿķ£ǱըĿƿ£ҹǽЩħ˵Ӱȫһͨ
ݿ΢֮£һֲٿһ˾ǲٿ˵̬ڵԼͬʱŪǿͬʱǽ˴߰ʾ
ܹ
¶һЩδְҵ׵ļϰߣΪĿĹϵǼ͵־ҹĴ߶ټľ
ɺ󣬱һǧֶ˳ǽϣ˶˻ԵС
ҹȴҲ˿Ȼ˵㣬ôȻˣֻû֮ǰϸ»в˳ֺ֢޷ס
Ϊ˱ǵԼȴҲѾˣԶɱѡ
⻹йżԪĴԪλ滹ԨıϱҪö࣬ԼسȡʱҲööࡣ
ڵĿȫǱԼսйʱڵս
ҲǸϢ
Ҫ֪߿һܴĶûУǿλԪ˧ְҵײΣֻǻδɳ塣
йʱڻ壬°˵һãոտʼչʱڣʥλҲһָոճֵ״̬
˾⣬ʥλĿ̫࣬Ҳ̫ǿ
ʱʱգɲûʥλƣ
˹ܹᴩŽ񣬵ʱͳ֮޷ʱ
´ʱܹõˣʵҲҪΣգرŰ˹ǵ£ҪС£ҪĪˡ
ûƵʥλ붼¡
Լ־׵ĴΧ峡ʥλȴһ已ײʲô¡
ʱΨһʥλܵƣΨɻ֮ġԼѡ
ΪϱԼʱյøӴҹҲû˿նûԼʥλ
ʱǰʱջ̫ȱ˽⣬ȼβһɡ
ҹ˶Щ˹ʹȺ󣬰˹ҲǴӵһηԼʼ𺳻лָ˹
Ѿ޿µİ˹һƼᶨ
ʦȻƭңʦɣ࣬Ľ֮أǳʶ
Ԫ˧²أл˻аޣл˾¾ʿͬʱҲл˾Ȯӡ
Ű²صĻǽеʿȫ뻮һĶҹʾ˸л
սı׳ƣý䵽˸̨ϵҹҲееꡣ
ڵƺҵƶȶûУڲ״ֻ£ȴΪⲿѹ걸ľϵ
ǿǰǿЩηնΪ̫ƽ춨ʵ
͵λʹԣҲҪں̫̫ˡ
ͭԼԭɡ
δħǣԼ̣
δϴҩǣҲͬ
һ˵һ˵Ľѧ޵ģԼʱ϶ԶԶ
ٳǿ츳ȴҲ㹻
ǣѧϰ츳
Ǵ»ȻȻͻʱЩ
һʼһԵĸǴڳ켼ʱ䲻һҪĻܻǲԣһֱƪš
УԼܾ뻹ҪԼ뿪ıӻȻʷǵõ˾һıӻҲҪԴΪͻƿڡ
ԺвģƵҹҲΪ֮ж·ߡ
ʷǿӣħ֪ʶԼΪѰȡ
Ҫʱ򣬻ҪΪվӣΪ壬ĿеЩλ
ȲȺевУǸоǸ޺壬ҲǾÿ衣
е㿼鰡


422 
壿ܣ
˹ĸףԪ˧²ҹǿҲһĲš
ԷòȷǺ࣬Ⲣûʲôòˣֻĳָߵصػӡ
Ψûǹ壬ǰ²ĵ뷨Ҳһ
ʦɣ϶塣
Ľɡ
Ҳû취ġ
˹Ҳ¶һļе㻰Ը
ҹλյĵӣδǿҲе൱Ρ
һ㣬˹Ժ϶ܹ֪ģ˵ʦҶҪæӦĵط޷ĻǿԽҵǵõ;̵ࡣ
ҹתһԼĴڣԼĵǿ񰡣δ߱ľٶռʲôĿ϶Ҳİˣ֮ȻܹԼڵĴ״̬
ΪһֱִݣԼĵ׵ͳҲΪԺԼʱĺˡ
ǰԼɻ̫Ϊ
ȻȻЩ޷⣬Ȼλʵǿ󵽿µĴһֱǿ壬²Ȼʲô˵˼ԼĿĺʹأһŭ˶ԷҪֻˡ
һֱз壬һСηη
ڸδڰۣ֮ԼᵱǷӣܹȵķȥܹǰֻǴˡ
ҹеᡣ
Щܵ˵ԨȾ϶иԴͷģȥ˹ҹȥˡ
˰²زҷ˼ҹҲûһֱһǿˣֽ˹󣬱ǿ˵˵Ҳ˵ķӦֱſָߵλǿӷա
ҹԼ޷ȷԼܹãҪץһлúòһ
ʱ٣ʷļҹһɵǿߣ߱ߵѶ˽ȵģǿߵ̬ΪǿĵӣԼȴҪΪã
зɳۣڶ߻صͷԼȣȴȻڳһİ˹ҹͳĿڵ
ڣҪѧϰ𡣡
谭־绷д˰˹ĶС
ʶҪͷİ˹ȴͻȻ£Ժиֳҹָȫ޳ֶΡ
ҡѧħ
˹ĻЩɣƺǾԼ̫̰ˡ
ѾڸģٴǹĵĻδĵ·൱Ŀȷ𡣡
ҹûںĳɣƽš
ҡҪѧħ
ƺʲô˹Ļɼᶨ
δ֮£Ϊͬ⣬ȴֿΪ帶Ҳȷ𡣡
Ҫѧħ
նɣΪ˿ԷһеĿ־СʵȴҹɲĿ
Ȼδǰ
ҲǳɳĻŻ󶼼άİΣִþòɢ
δһƬѾע˻յ㡭
ȻԼѡ·ȻҪܵĳȫ㣡
˳źа޳ķһ·Ѱȥ·ҹҲ˰˹ڤ֮صݿΪ˹Ļڤ±ȲԼЧʣҲܱԭʼЧ̫ˡ
ҹЩķǣ岢ûħҲûоѪֶεģ˹ڣȴԼҹ׽һ˿˿Ѫĺۼ
ûоѣʵȷѪ֮
ȻʷܾţôõʲôΨ˲֪
Ȼħֵģѵģ
º󣬻ȥʥɽһۣ˽һ¡

಻ĻɽݵأŴ̱ǵζδ̵ڵر
С͵緢һֱδֹͣڵĺˮҲʾһֻƺɫǿʴԡ
һɽڵܶУһȫڳ֮ڵӰڽһڴɺҺ壬йɡ
ףȻ˲ȫˣûжԪزĸ·İ¼һҲ𡣡
ͣһµĳӰһδ֪ţҨһɺճҺ壬źȥ
ֻһ׵ĺɫճҺȴٲһľ޴Ӷ
ӺǴǺܸߵȵĿռƷ
ӶƤ۵ϸСڻѸٳǿӶᣬʳɫճҺȴһֻֻʼ˷츲صı仯
а޾ȻϸСıڻתЩɺճҺЧֱֲ
ѵʵزģʵĲزģɲܾô˷ˡ
ֹ˵һЩδ֪аǳӰֿʼǧƪһɵĽﲻϵһЩƺʲôδ֪ڽŹͨһ㡭


423 ʷ
ۡ
˹һʯ·Ŵ˵ҹ¶һ۱顣
ǿȻ¸ߣ׵ĺʷ
ڣҹҲѾȫ˹δͳɾ׿ˣδôţôǿ
˵⻹һͻµķ£ҡ
Լĵӣ
ʣµ·аɣ￪ʼϢеˡ
ȻҹڳһСӣֱǿ˵ӵĸܡ
еĻ·ҲܸһЩ
˳źаһ·ϮĺۼҹҲ΢ЩķЩħ޵Ŀƺǿ;ûʲôĿֱǹء
˵ΥĹѡӲܵԨӰ̫񱩣ĿԼǿľٴȻ֮ǰƶгͻ
ץһѴ΢ʴԵ࣬ʪ𲽻˸ɷ£ҹҲü
ʲôζһ·ġ
ħޱϲûбٿصĺۼ֮ȴһԼܵζǡ
ϢôֲܻεĶ
ϵķĩ£ҹҲһأζ֣ȴƫƫû˿˺ɢĺۼƺبųӦˣ
ȻⲻبųģܹЧȴ϶Ǻʥλմˡ
ʥλ֮Ҳʥλ٣
ǰʱҲʱղͬʥλŸո̤ʷ̨ľԲ࣬ʥʥλ̵Ŀȴ൱ϡ١
ʥλԳֵĿԻҪ
״ôܻǵֲεĵˣеĻħһΪ⼦ߵĸӹĳλʥλֱӾ壬Ҫôá
ֻ֣ʵ飿
ҹԺѸٵݣе֪һһ׷ݸԴȴҲԼ뷨

ִ֪ڣǾͲСˣȻǣŸոճ£
ѧڤľ֪ѹסԸ߿յĿ־С
н¼Ƶ꣬ҹҲûǶλӵҲɳľɣڵ۽̫СˣɱһЩʳ׵㶼˼
£Ϊ߶˵սɡ
ƬĻɽճ˱Ȼʯɽ԰ҪµĳϢƺǹͨ˵Ԩһ·Ű˹Ƭ֮ǰ
ܵԨϢҹҲòйʱڵϵȷǱĿԣǰһҪԨͨĴռ䡣
Ȼı棬ƺҲΪϵУһԵİ˹ȴһ¶ġ
ոտʼǹĿ״ĶδᣬȻ֪ռôǴŵҹȴֱӿڶˡ
긴һ֮ǽаԴͷеԨѷ졣
ҹ˵͵Ű˹
һֱİ˹ʱҲֳһ츳ǿ־ȴȷǶһ޶ģ
ҲΨ־ſܳΪ߱ߡ
ȻСĵ˱ȻִڣԨʵҲô£οֻһ㣬ħҲǿһĸˣر֮ܵų¡
֪δΪʲôĴڣҹҲڲϵĹ鼦̲֪ܿϵ𺳣Ȼܹסѹǻʲô
ħ
ӵܷѿʲôԼ޷ۼ֤ˣδĳɾȴǲɿܵʷ˵ʷֵĹжǿҹԼԹ⣬ÿζʧˡ
һ˳Ӧ֣ȻҪá
ûħԺȻڰ֮ϣɾ֮ôͽῴħ֮֮ϵһִڡ
˵ʱҹֻ̧ӳëڰ˹ܲ˷磬ʱճԪ֮ļ򵥳̶ȣֵһԼನǴ´ˡ
̧ͷǳƬɽȺУһðŨ̵Ļɽ
Ҫӿˣ
ȤȤѡʵ壬Ÿոʵ꣬û뵽ͳ˼
֪Գ֣˹ʾȫȴܹ˼
ޣԣֶԨʿ𡣡
ҹЩüԴ﷢ΪְʦҲ൱УʿȴҲһ취֧һ֡
ʹȴõԨȿ
෨ʦǼټ֮ʿҲо
ǵǳζȤҹ˺ȴȫȥԭͻɵձøӺ
Ʋд󣬴
һۺӰƾճһĸգһɫӰͼڳء
ƬĻɽƺʼӿҽɢֻϢʹﵽ˳̶ȣ
ףҿʼ̫С˵㣬ԭֻʥ֮·ͻʥλʧԲߵʿ֮·𡣡
ǼʥӰҹͷٴηӳԭܣʹ㻳


424 ˵ķ
Ż޷ݴʱĵ𺳣ǰΪǿ֮һĴľѾﵽ൱ߵľ磬ܹ侲ߡ
ԼʥλʧܣҼСΪǸ߲ɵͲ͵İʥĻ֮뿪˲Ѱųʥ
ͨԨħǩԼħףԼٴҵǰĵ·
ʣԼ·Ŀߣ
ʿʻδǰĻ֮УֻԼΪ·ѡ֣
ΪΣΪǸֵྐྵȻܹ֪Լδȫɵְҵ֣
壬ԼѡΪʵһ൱˼壬ǵħ֪ԼĴҲûȤԼֵܹĽԼҪʵ飬Լĵ·
壬ôͻȻһܹԼڵǿߣ֮ǰһʵҲ
ðģǣ
Ѿͨ˵ԨѾΪŪĹŻȫȫȷԷǸС壡Էû˿ζ˼
ԶԶԼĴڣȻִڲӦó
𺳽ԷԼʹ˿ڴķŭڸȥ
ֵ֪ġ
ŻγĬƬ̺ΪĿˣҹһ㶡
ʼԷĬΪԼ˶Էѹû뵽ȻΪ£ѵڵʿδ֣⵹ʧˡ
ǰ֮˿¾ʿְҵʼ漶
ŻΣ
ҹ̽صʵ
㵽˭ΪλʶңΪλ֪һУ
ŻϲʥƬأѪ۾Ķҹ
ҹҲЩˣȻ̫ȻˣǳôܻѰİʥ
һλʷ϶ǴĴڣʿְҵʼ棬۰һɾʥλɾͰһǿ߷ϡ
Ҳ˵ʷӦڴˣǰⳡ棬ԷܿԼù
˵ֻǰʥͨոŭƣƬԨȴȫڵɪһϣֶθǿ
ѰİʥԼ̫⣬ǰλȴȫֵԼӡ
Цʵ飬Ȼ뿪ʿ֮ڴҲһȤĳԡ
ҹص˵
Цʵ飿ôҾƷһ£Цʵ鵽ǴﵽʲôΣ
Żں֮µſЦݣ֮ϲͻһһĹǴ̣۶飬İۣһ޴ٻԨ϶֮С
һֻͷ˫ǵħٻл֡
ȻԷƽ׸ԼΣУڵѾʼٻԨħô
ͬҲǰʥϢħǰԨѷȴǻٶȰθߡ
һ
ɣʵոҲ˵˵ұ˵Ҳ̫Ըƽ뿪ء
֪ԷԼϣԼϣҪʱ𵴲Ҳ㹻ԼĨɱԷѾڲ֮أҹȴȻ޷˵˶Էǰ
ƬԨ϶֮УյҲ󲿷Ԩ֮٣ԨϢӡ
еͫ׻ѪɫҲħϢ
ûģʽȼȻ͸˹ŻһֶԷԼа񣬸ӶĹС
ϱлҪõҲҪӴ󡣡
һƣҹоʱԼ̺ѷɫгȡٵȼģʽ
ãԼĵһλֻһʥһ㹻ԼʩչİʥԼϤ
ģʽĸ̫޷ɱԷվĻǻöԷˣԿĶԼ
㵽ʲôˣ
ԼԨ˼ĴˣԼֱƿħֱӽԨߵһ֪Լپʱ䣬ɶԷǸʲô
Ϊ࣬һǿ࣬תͱһֻ̬ħ
סһӵˡ
ҹ£ʥǹѵִ˹ŻεĶǰνռľƺҹͲһ㣬ֱƿ˸ոճֵٻħ
棡
ҹֱԼĶͷԼͷ­㣬Żγ۵µȴǹ֮ɫԷԼЩϣϢȴԼ֮£
Լɵ㼸֣Ψ·һ
ǰֳƣһֻɫͫͶӰ˹Żζǰɢ˻һ
˳Ӧǰųҫ۵ɫԡ
ˡ
ԼĵħͫʥλҲâȴԼۼԨġ
ɾڹŻд󶨣пε鷳м򵥵ʱȴͻȻɫһ䣬ħͫûдյ֮Լ
ãȦףмˣ

ٿأٿǻѴٻԨħҪжܣ֮ʱȴѾ̫ˡ
ʥǻҪֵԨħȴѾһǹᴩ֮С
ǿ±ʥھɫѪ˿ڴѶȴ塣
ɪǹᴩʥǹÿɲǵŴ󹥻˵֮ƣ
ԭۺӴĶħ֮ȴǱƴ룬ȫ޷ѡ

Żȫ޷ϵԷֹڸոͷŵħͫʱȫעݵĺٻĴһ˿һܶûչʾѾ
ֱеһжڶԷ·֮УսԼչֵΪǿ󣬾ʥλִԼҲܿ⣬ΪȴĪ·磡
һֵҹĺ޲ǺǡŻκôʷ֪ˣѾ㹻ӵĸ˴ǣĵʲôѾأ̽һ¹ȻھѾճˡ
֪ʽ֪·ƾԼսƿҪ㣬Ǻʲô𡭡


425 Ұ
Ԩȥ
һǹᴩħҹճֲϵĹսӡǹͶӰ˲ڶħŵγһתٻϢ˥ĶħǱץסٻС
ȫҹһٻð棡
ٻĺۼŻӶɳˣ׼ĵڶٻҲȻֹ
ԼٻĳϻҪԼ֧֮Ϊۣñ˸Ūȥⲻǿӵ
ͻȻֹҲʧȥ˱ΪԷжõ֣ȵҪٴθıԲߵʱҹҲѾٴɱ
ͬʱ̧֡
ɫĹԳ˹ŻεУƺʲôҹʹӡǵֱǰ
Ԩɱôôŵó
𣡡
ʱϷʯùһεĸСħ
״γʱٲͬ磬⧲ĹŻȫУԭٶӦøܹһɵۣȴȻŻ
Ϊؼһʱڵϣ˲ã
˼άƺͣͣùŻͷ˿־壬־ĲǶԷԼһУͻȻռϷ磬Ƕʹõ
ڷľ
вŻҲֻѸٽǿ־ѹ£ԭۼǿ;תѣγһɫĻֵǰͼĻᡣ
Ԩ϶ʸʥܣԭڷŻʱ֮У֮ǰԨٻħȡĻᣬǵɫǽܿڴ͸ĳǹǰ
һ̣ҹзĵѸٵתһ⣬ԭ֮ǿлΪˡ޷ֵĽ
ת
ﵽʦײܵعļӳɺҹƷ֮ͫĿ¡
ۡ
ʥǹû˿谭ͣ͵ͱ˹Żڡ
ڶһĺڵǹ֮ϣȫ̮ѣ类һֻξУ۵ѹǺɫ֮У
˳𲻹죡
ȫѹ룬ŻȴȻͷ­ͻȻײգ͸˴Ľڵ㣬ײԨѺ֮С
Ҫ׷ҹȴǱͻȻմ˼ƻȫٻȼյ壬ų͸գȼ׻棡
ǹᴩʥǹ涼մȾϣƺҪȾʥǹ
ߡȻûô
ҲֻҪöԷһ۵ҹҲֹͣ׷ɱԨͷ֮ûһֱɱ˴ϢĻóóȻԨȫ޷Ԥϡ
絥ִ鰴һָһ͸δǰһ㣬һ͵һ˿ߡ
ָ룬ҹһµַϳֲתٵ࣬ͬǵ֮Ҳһơ
һӡǳǰɫ֮ϡ
⣡
ܹٻһе޽֮ȫӡڡ

һδʥλֶν棬ҹĹʽҲԽԽƣһ־Ǿۺĳԣ
βŨľϱڣһ֮ǰͱħµģһǷӡŻβµģ˵Ȳֱӻɱڶڰʥ֮ԶԶԽʦĲΡ
ȫڣѾﵽʦڣ
ֻΪר߻δϽȻǰڣֻҪʱⶫȥͻˮɵĿڣгɱ
ǰʹͶʲƷռģǿ϶ˡ
ĿһºҹһսҲΪ⣬Ŵ軹Σ綼ܴﵽģҪǹŻ»ֻǰʥԨ϶֮Ѿֹܹ֮ǶħԼ˲٣Ѿӵһ
ջ˿һ㣬ӵݿⲢܹýԼȴױȡ
֮ǰֱ
䵽֮ǰ棬۴͵İ˹ܱߵļƬëһƬΪְҵ׵С˱ƬʸûС
ոյĲѾǽӴʥλżǷ˵ĲԶ޷ӴģҵıҲǣʥλΪϡ
ŷİ˹ҹֲ鼦ҪΪһǿ̬ҪʶоΪԼǿģ
ʥλΪϡ
ظҹ˵Ȼǰİ˹Ż
뼦оˣҹҲñɶλӵĶͷһ½ѡ
ֻҪ䣬δĳɾ;ֹˣΪڲְҵ׵С㣬ҪѧαԼɣȥǵսƷ
һ˵ţҹһ߳ǰȥӵİ˹ҲСĸҵ磬һ̲ס໰ıʣһѯʵ
ʦǺаޡ
֪ƪȥҹ̴Ļ
аޣԺûкаֶˡ
ǿĸ֪ѾһڷڵĶħ֮Ѫںа޵ԴȻָơ
ƽĻ֮£ȴǴ˰˹þ޷ƽġ
νʥλ֮½Ϊ
꣬һֱͷʱ޷УΪ˶սһνȫ˽
ΪӵʥλܵСӵǿĶԻʸ
ŬѪ֮ǽΰȴ˵ĿЦ
˹ԭеһƻٴαȼһΪҰĵĻڡ
гһգʥ֮λһϯ֮أ


426 
ֵǰǿڱԨ֮յĴУմȾЩħ֮Ѫ˱Ǽᣬҹϲ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
Ȼ壬ŻҲǰ֮ʣֶħ֮ѪԭʼֶΣļӳɣȴǴﵽһ൱µЧ
ָϵļζħ֮ѪԶһֻڱڻСϣûþܿС治ϵԵĳźаתȥ
״һѪٴδǱ仯ϸ֣ϵı仯Ҳֹͣܿ컹ʧȥ˶ֱˡ
Чǿ󣬵ҲΪԵ
Ǻа޵Դͷʦ
֮ǰһЩʶڰ˹ĳѾ൱ǿˣɼ˶ûסе𾪣ҪȥѧǶħ֮ѪҹһĿΪ
⻹Ŀǰܴһħ֮Ѫ㹻װһˣϧռֻװҺ塣
ӵĹ죬ҹֹճһӡ˿ռͻ˿ռָõĲϵģʱΪ׸ʱȴҺ
ԼʣȻʲôʽ䲻ɣܳʲô
ƬԨı̫ܶط˷϶վǸ鷳Ƕһһ£˳ҲҪһá
̧ɢָһƬȶռҹ˼ѹ׵Ļħ鼮˰˹⣬ǵʰĶӵеԵ϶Լħõ鱾
ѾΪڤʱĽӴⶫˡ
򷢵λ۵֮߱ҹڳ˫֣ڿ̱һѸַٰŴӡֻܡ
ƬĿռȴͻȻӿ޸֮ʼϼӹ̽
ԭռڵ㣬ʼϵĻָ޲ⲿܼĻɽڸٵȴ
µ̳ʯ
ҹȴޱĲϼţϱĹֽӳճ
һ룬һƬƽһнṹɨ貨ƣƬ綼ɨɹĲΪĲɢ
ƬԨ϶ȫպϣ
ǹʽĻôϧֻӲ׹ʽʥλ֪֮ʱ롣
˸д룬ҹҲ˶ʥλܴﵽֲΣʥԼ޷ȷ
ȰһΣ֪Щܹʲô̶ȡ
˺֮ǺҹҲʼұչȫ֮
ȡ
Ŵħ֮ѪȴһƬëҲҹ
רĹ£֮ǰľʦȫˮɡ
ʦ֮ÿһεҹԼܵʵı仯֮ǰãڸּӳ֮µøӿ¡
ΪϣܹҲٴǿĵơ
Լɲ뱻ԱλӸΨʵӦ鷳
ոԪŶãյһλǿĵӣһλδĵˣҹеЩ졣
۷ʱǧʥλܼȴֻλԿĿϡٳ̶ȡ
ѵԼ֮ʦ񲢲̵ָ˹𣬻øˣ
ҡҡԴ˦һЩΣյ˼룬ˣҹҲ׼λӻȥˡ
ӣԼҪȥҺô屧ס˾ħĴȣһЩϢӦҲеİɣϣܹһ˽ʱա

峤ʮǰɸƼʵΣֻһְְڵλϻûֳ
ǰһ峤ߵǿнԼĶ峤ıԼ˾ĻΪ䱣ݻ
ø߳ⰲڣȫסдȨ
һЩطǰվȨĽԴ˲⻼ȴҲѡãŸոհȫ紵ڲٳìܾˡ
Ϊȫǰľƣȫ뷨һε峤Żаѡ
ȻҲɹˣȨĽ沢ûвĶǰȻȶĵ޳ȻҪȵֲʳ
ʮ꣬Ҳ彥ϰּȨģʽһε峤ѾΪ峤һУ֡
һȨʱӣλ峤ɳҲȻЧٴν峤λôԼá
˽ԣȺȶҲһַչıȻơ
峤ˣǰܱ
һ̴峤ķţĿµ¶¶һ˿ϲڵĵλֻ̫ϸСˣһ̴ӾȻԼķţ·Ҫһһ
ǰܱȻܹӦúһǺϢˡ
µ¶Žӹܱϲϲλߵ̬
ں˶ˣ൱ǿˣһ㻹Ǻ£ܹסǰӴľĿԼѰȡ
֮ǽֻҪЩĶ޷͹ˣĿǰҪҪ취ɸ״˵Ը峤֮λԼһУ
ܱݺȴɫȻһ䡣
а֮
ȷĺϢµ¶ô˽ĿǰҲλϣܽÿԼ˯þ⵱ȻǺ¡
̫ͻȻˣ֮ǽǰ߻Ŀ޴ľһ㣬ȴһ൱鷳
ıӻСӳ˶ԸͬȲεĵⲢ̫ôǻԼӻҡ


427 
а֮Σһ۶ڽصְһ·ҹҲûиȥǿָߵķϲˣʱһĵĸ鼦һҲԼʵôԼĳ
ԤһºҹǷ¸˴ѰʹͶʲƷһĲϣʦǰڡڵĽѾ޷ʦڵɱˡ
Ӵ̫οڼηԼӡס
ãڻ޸ûã廹δȫʱڣֻҪϻʱ䣬ʲôӦܹ㵽ֵġ
űϹٵĶ飬һµʱڽҲССĹִķԴģ
ʥɽ֮ǣ޳ǰ
̧ͷǳǰϲΰȴԼɽ壬ҹͷҲĪ
巢Դأʥɽ֮ۡ
δܵ峯ݣÿκ󶼻ǰݽܲʥɽȴһѰɽ
ʥɽѾܹħȵһ䣬Դ˴ΪĳǷԴ֮⣬ҪĿ»ΪҪʱҪӻ
ǷԮ֣̬ܹȶࡣ
һ·ϣҹҲ;˲Ȼׯ벿䣬ᶼڹŵֵҪΪط֣ǰߵ
֮ǽ⣬ҲͿ޳ǰΧĳǽ
ƶҲеҹ֪ôݣһʵȴǻĵӣ벻֪С
ոմһֻƵϮƵתС
˵Ϊε峤Э峤Ϥ֪֪ףʵŵʷҹȴףպȻɾλĳΡ
ֹƶȵĳΣʱͿʼôڵĹӦɭҫػΪҪصĹǡ
ĳĳ֣ܹ£˵˳ӦʱǨģҹҲıʲô
˳Ŷǰ֪Ϊɶҹֶһ·ʵûܵڵԷӭ˾ܶ˶һӦ˵棬Ϊս̫ľ
ҰʵʯשȥͺһͲֿ⣬ǽҲ˷紵ܵĺۼȫ;úʵΪĿģûһĻװꡣ
ڷǼª´˵̴һЩʵԱߵЩװ껹ûжҹҲ൱ӵʱڣô²ǡ
ǵӢǿˣ²常˵а޵вѾȫˣԺ󶼲ٳˣζûʧ
ڻδִʱһӰǰһºͶ׺Ц߳
µ¶
²ؼߺϻ¶һ˿ЦݣͿµ¶ĸѣԷûͻƵְҵڿµ¶ܹȫûеù˥ϣǰˣʱǰδܻ
˵峤֣֮λ˵ȴûʾ̫ߣһְֱ𣬸˾ְŵһЩҲʱڸΰɡ
ܼ򵥣ṹǸո𲽵֣ԶԶûкĸӡ
ֻҹ׽ȴǴµ¶峤ϸܵһɵĶ벻
λ峤ƺҪıǰƶȣҪӴ峤Ȩ
ҹ˵Э£Ѿɹ˺а޵ԴͷԺ󶼲ЩɶħˣѾ̫ƽˣ
˵²صҲԵЩܹõײеУõĳϦܹȵȵĻھħ£ǰȫĿӡ
ҹʾ£ֹ˽ҹľٶȻ֪λôģȴҪ
ޣһ൱ĺϢÿǵջ񸺵ǰ߽ʿǵľǸ̫ˣܹɿˡ
µ¶ڽӭһλλȴĸ߲ƺ˰²صĻһ˿Ŀ˵
ȴð²ڶཫʿϲǰͷ­ѪδõٰονڹɺȻһǱԹ̫
֮ȫũҵȴǿµ¶׻ڵʮĵϵԼ˼ǿµ¶˼
Ϊһֱѹ̫ζԶȽϼֱףԶԶûзչôʷ
ǵĵ˿ɲǺаޣ֮ǽķԼʿǣһ֧岿Ҳ׷Źǣֻеһ֧С䣬ûеȴҲܹԸġ
²سص˵
ͺа޲һȫʧȥǵĿħޣƽʧ˵ֻΪһڷð̫ķȻֵá
Ǹ߸ߵĳǽʿǵڲüǰʿģ޷ЧĻͻıֱӦ
ֵʳﶼϲ˳ֲǵʳȴҲûзŹĵ
⡭Ⲣǵ뷨²ء
µ¶˰²صķԣº͵ıҲʼ常ҲʡȥĿڵ
ߣȻû˺аޣȷ׼˶ĳԭȵʮ֮һͲˣ׳˿ÿǲΪūװ˻
δȵ²ҪڣһŨͨȴǳˡ
ֻµ¶ƿһλӶ׶߻ƤҰһĿħˣȴǴһȻ˳
ûĽʿǶɫһ䡭


428 Ϊ˺ƽ
˶ħ۹ͬĶħ乲ͬ齨񶫲½ǿ֮һ
ħǿ츳ϲľ츳ԼǿѪͳѾڰɱӱ
½󶥼Ǿħ۹
⻹Ϊ֮ͬʱᱬͻսǳʣҲͬЭ϶ᱻɨ򽵷
˶ħ۹СȺ֮һǲôҪСȺΪûǿߣȫûлȨҪʲôͱʲôĻᶼûС
Ҳ£ľħСҲĶ巢ʩ
ǰֵֻŲȱݵľħ򽻵ǸеһԱµĽӴԼͨ
һרҵǱصĽʹߣħ巴ϱϵоٶҲͨɡ
˵Ҳѧ˾ħͨǰλʹߵĻȴϢܴݲȥ
ԼĵƳֺ󣬿µ¶Ҳ¶һ˿Цݡ
ûԼǲûоȨЩ겻ɢǻְ߽Ȼǳ˴ṩľӦĴԺԼҲ㡣
ĵƣҺ;ħһӴö࣬״ǵ˼
̰ȨƣֻˣܸıסħĴȣܸõȥ
µ¶ԼҲΪԼľٶҵǿĽڡ
ǰı仯ð²ĵ׶һƱħʹߵĻȫҪɢľʿǵũūū
ǰ߸ô࣬ͷ˽Լ
β²ȴ˿û취˵ײ뷴ĻԱھħ۹ȫҲһ㣬ǰλʹСҲ׽塣
ܹõǰϢĻȻҪǵıӻôʵ΢ħ޻Ҫײ׽ġʳڴˣͱ̵ĹͷҶʣˡ
Ϊ˴֣Ҫ
һߵĿµ¶ҲƿһеЦ⣬״˵ûҪȴֵԸܸõİֶΣǼȻһΪȺ棬ʱҲ϶ҪЭ
Ƚֺ˾ħʹߣԼպ󽫸ǣ˭޷Լĵλ
ʱܹʵʩԼҪĸĸˡ
ħʹߵĻһƬţһȴǽ
ƣ
Ϊħһֵ˰а޵ɧţΪҪ˶ǣ
֮ˣǲϵõҹ䣬ѾӵԼ˼İ˹δ־ʱȷ˳׶ҿڣֱѹסȴܲϡ
˹һڣɫȴڳЩڸ󡱸ϣȻҶײ壬ﲻ⣡
󵨣
˹
ȻҶײʹ봦л
Ǿħʹߣ¶һϷʵɫƺǷʲô˼еĶеĵͼ忪ڵ
Ϊû˺а޵ɧˣŰҵ;𣿡
ƽȻĿǣȴð˹ĳ˱ߣڶԷȫ;ĻԼȴѾϰľʦĽ̵ԼҲȥ
ҪٶȿڵʱһֱֻȴǰȻԼҵӵڣʵС㣬˵һЩĻúá
ҲĴ£Ҳ˵ĻС֣⣬ҹĵӣ⣬δǿ
Ըı䣬Эͷ鷳Ұ
ҾðɣĵλҪħһ̸̸ˣȷǵλû⣬еȨȴҲǵġ
һֱԹۣҹͨеҲʲôǰ߶Ÿոյʹ߾Ѿ֪ˣ
ȻϱģҶԷȻҲŵΪū
˵ֻһС䣬ħ۹ԿڣԼҲ㶥ȥ
ʲôˣ
˭ǵĵӣ
²Ҫ췴ǲǣ
ʲô˵ʹǰ
ˣ
ҹڻãһھȫըˣһٶƾħʹҪǶ
ϲƣ
һȴһɫһܽ˵ǸǷӣҪô죿ҪʹĲǺã
ֻʦܵİ˹ʦĻ󷴵ǰ
ǰ²ǼʶҹֶεЩͷð亹ʵ΢֪ҹֶδ壬ھħһĵﲻ
ǶǼᶨվҹߣ֪ԷʵҲֵҪǰץ˵
ȤιǷһ㲻
ֻħʹߣʱȴ¶һζЦݣżҲǲģȤȤð˾ħǾҪ
ȥˣĳǻ͹ˣζҾͷһȿ֫ҪɱҪԡ
˶۹ľħûôбȴҲԶԣ
ˣµ¶ҹǻ޳ĹȴԴȪҲ
²æڲȵ
ĻҲþħʹߺͿµ¶˶ͷһ޳Ϊһ˻˵ģ
ĳλεĸߵ
Ҳˣࡣ
ҹ֮ǰǾħʹߵĻһֱڶһ˵ǵĵλҲͷһɣⲻ󣬶ְҵΣʲôֶ˰ɣɱ
µ¶Ǿħʹ߿֮ǰһϵķ
㡭
ڲˡ
ҹ䣬µ¶ı仯ܵĳ˱һգƺȫȨʧˣƺһԾ;Լĵλ
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ޣӦûڣʵ峤ļԦֶλЩģĴڻúܱ΢ֻҪ֤ڵȣ˾ħ廹Щ᲻Ϊӹ
һֱβȥ˵һ˻ܰС
ΪĿģ˵ֶλпһ߹λһǿȥǸδİܹ֮ġ
µ¶
ʷû֣
ڵ岻Ҫ䣬㻹ȥ㸸װɡ
ɨ˿µ¶һۣҹĻ£µ¶˾ʧȥϢһܡ
Ŷ֪㸸ѾˣǸ
ƽ޳ĵǸ£µ¶ʧȥĻҰȴ̼˷ĩȫɢ
תͷͷ亹һɫľħҹи͸һ񣬼ȻҪˣԼƷһԼζɡ
ȵȣǵ۹ʹߣǵ۹߲㣬Ҫȥ
ʲô߲㲻а޵Դͷʲô֪ҲᵨĿͬ˵ԣʳʺȥɡ
ƽĻһɹµĲǾħʹ߾ȻƾոŤ
һ˫εĴǣ£ΥɵİŹŴַһ°ȴѹų˽ȥ׽ƾʧ
ȻԼĽԼȫ˽ȥΥ췴ͷȫʧ
淢˶˵졣
ȫ˶ľʲôֶζ
ιǱǸñʵġ
ĿˡʵҹǳŽһλűʺͱӷӰ֡
ѽû뵽ԭʼū֮䣬Ѿʷǹ˰ƼҲġ
ηηӰйҹƽ˵
ոβ˲Ҫд𡣡
ס
ʷʲôģǸŪС
նɱħʹս
ǺǣһСȨı˽СƲˣǰ־ˣȻԼȻΪȡһƬռ䡣
ƽ
Ǵġ


429 µĺۼ
㡢㡢㶼Щʲô㾹ȻɱϹʹ
֮ǰѣλͳڵǰħغҲ𽥷Ӧ˹ǾֵѾԽǰĿ־塣
ְҵ׶޷ֱʲôȴ֪һħʹǶôغĺ
ǾֵĺѾڸһп־š
Ϲʹ
ħҲһҹûȤñ廹Ҫ࣬ƽĿǺܾһŵļһһۺҲԵúǵȻ
ȷǼٽ˾ħ۹Ȩı˽ѵΪǻ᲻֪𣿵кãǸߵ壬Ǵ½ǿ壬ǡ
Ǵ½ӵȵ壡ħ޶޷ԸС壡
ڸ߹ıߣɫ
ˣҹ˳ǲŻ޳ǵٶȣһڶ޳Ŀ
²һŭɫĴӵĻ
һֽ
޳˭ҪæģûæҲ㲻֮ÿһЩʿѣŶǵĶ󣬾ȻǵĵΪ
ûȥǵĵ̡
УҪȥħ
ԣҪˡ
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һ˲һţܹµ¶ѡġڸ󡱳ԱȻƵȺ壬ΪܹõӲдĻ᲻ϧֶΡ
Ϊħʹ߱ɱĿ־壬Ѿȫ˫ʵࡣ
ð˹ڱɲȻŭ׼һһ齣ǣǰһֱֻ۸
ʦǡ
ŭİ˹һֱŵ϶˷ŭ
޷˵ɣŵġ
ҹޱ飬ûзĻȴЩʼЩ¶Էʹñֶεļˣ޼ɵ
ҲԽ˵Խ֣ʼ뿪ȫǿʼ⳥βܻȡħһĿˡˡ
˵˵ţѾȫ۳ĶȷλȴһֱûзӦͱʾЩڸ󡱳ԱҲ𽥵˼ҲԼۼֱСһ
ҿջΪڷʵ
ôǵľʲô𣿼ȻҲ壬ǾͱҪΪԼĹ׺˲ܻǵԭ£ܻǵĸм
˵ˣ
һֱǾ۵ҹҲ˵Լĵһ仰
ûаɱħ˾ҡ
Ϊ㡭ڸ󡱺ڹٻ˵ʲôҹҲûٸᡣ
졣
һĻֱӷ˶Էпڱ
ǵҺθɣ⻰ȥ;ħȥͺа˵顣
ţֲΪǼ۲ȥЩģΪȥģҪԹ޾ͼԹްɣ
ҹĮĻڳ˶׹ѣƺι꣬Ǽλǰڸ󡱿ʼеûļˣ˲䶼
⡭
ⲢܹõܵĴͣôôаɣôѹסǱɱ˶ɱ
ʦ
˹Щ۵ĿԼʦΪô࣬ȴ⣬ǰֻǼˣǱĺγһ뷨ء
ҹʦʦѡĵ·ҲаԹԣҹʦԺ󲻱ⲻͬǵʱҡ
¶ĳ־İ˹ɨһֳġڸ󡱳ԱǣǵòֶһӡģδǿˣЩǵļδ³Ҳ֪
ڵ岻Ҫڸųľֻ߲Ϊ쵼ʨ򡣡
ҹٴֱǿƵ̬˼˵ְ
㶮ʲôὫٲǵСֻ֪ܼβ棡
ԷȻҪԼ˵ְ񣬼λܿڵġڸ󡱸ȫ޷ˡ
ʲôʸǣ
ƾʵǿ˹Ժ䣬λ˹£Ͱиλˡ
ҹûֱת߳˴̧ͷʥɽ־黭ɽ
ʥۣ֮
ĸ޾ϵʥ۱ӡʥɽ֮ϣΰ֮Ĺգƺֿبų棡
סδȻΪģҪ˵زܻͳ
ͷŸ߷㶣ź񼣵ַİ˹ҹƽĽδλԺ
ǣʦһԴΪĿģ
˹ѽܵʦﵱʥּѾû˿Ļ붯ҡ
ҹˣǽӦô
ʱ²Ҳææ˳ֻ¼λʿѺǼλڸ󡱸ϣڵλܼ򵥺ֱף²ҲȨĽȻܷŶԷɣһٵġ
˵ҹָԼСӰ˹Ϊ䣬²ػʶҪѯ
ħһ⣬ȷǰǰġ
ħʹðƵģôҲһλħԱԼСƣΪάϣҲưոݵġ
޷ҵţһᴦģȵһݵĿĸֺȻܹµ˹̸С
ǣǵʱ֪λܹʱھͳɾʥλĴڣֻҪδҲΪǿߣ¸˴ҲǱȻġ
û֣
ǣעڴˡ


430 
ʦҼңȽϼªҪ֡
ҹʾʱסµʱ򣬰˹ԸµĽҹ˼ңΪԪ˧ļʵʥɽ֮ǵݲûж𣬶ǼʵΪ
ⲿѹ²ŸոհһЩֽ׼ŸոճֳΡ
ӲҪ˵еĻǾⲻСԺפصʿȥһλӡ
˹⻰ĽͣһλĸףѾûԼĸ԰ôܹƽȵȥ
˧˰˵Ǵݣصض׼һЩˡ
ЩֲڵΧȹϲºƺҪӹ˹İ
ҽʱ仹𣿡
˹ûλϸ̫ۣѯʵ˵ԱߵҹҲʹ໰֪һλ˫ĿʧĽ㡣
ԼͣӦǰæһµġ
ΪûҹҲûд췽ķΧ˵׼ġ
˿Сʱһֱ߶ǣ˵ˣ޳Ҫˣһֱǣƽնٳ˺ܶ࣬ǿϢԵúܸˣҪǻģӹּ̫˯ˡ
ϧı̾˿˵Ϲ۰ôõСΪҪĲʹĥǰλֳĴڴ˧˧ÿγĵġ
Ļ˹ҲεɫΪ˱԰ȴ̫ٿǽĸˡ
ҿɡ
ҹܹɨȥ˼ŮҲûǰôððʧʧĹֱˣǶ԰˹һ¡
¶֮ɫСʲôˣʲôע⡣
˹ԺȴһϲʦܵģȻʦҪ㿴һ¡
ҹʦˡ
޷ȿ
˵ҹǱ۾ľŸŤֱķ֮ڡ
ոս뷿ҹľ͸еһŨŨҩζǡ˴ŰͷĵЦ˯ڴϵŮӡ
˹׵ͬ˿˶ƺǽǼԶ̳ȫȫչʾŮˮָд
׿չ£ȴһŴź欵Ȼȴ͹ĵط͹̵ĵطֻ̣һ۾ͺܻĵ̲֮סǻ
ĳ⡰ҹ˵˿ʼʱ£ҲûӦˣҲǰ˹Ľˣô߱ɱ϶ߡ
漴صľǴӰ˿ȫɨɨ۾ҹȴǲüֻûдû뵽ȻĻ˼֡
ԷȫΪ̥ʱڣʧȥ۲񾭵ķڱ˵۾϶ûãҪӾϵͳ
Ӧ˵ܣ˵㿪ʼ½
Ҳ۾ʾŴ⣬֮£ֻʮ⣬Լ޷
۾ҪѰ졣
ʦ
˹һʱҲԵЩڰȻûж˵ʲô
ҿԳһ£ҲֻˣҲ󡣡
ҹջǻĵ˵ͷˣʥλǿ߿¶޷ֲǰֲεȱݣǼֻҪָ۾
޵еϵͳ죬ѾȨ
ͨϹۣ鱻Լƣƾչ̫սˣѾԽħķ룬Ƽﵽ¿ɰɣκԼǰѧ
ҹӦ˵гԣ˹ҲԵüΪʦܵģȻгԣǺܿŽĲʹӭж⣡
̫ˣϢһ°ɣѷȶ£ȥһʥɽ֮ۡ
ڰ˿Ⱦ̫ƣ˯ˣҹҲûעȥ˼ҳѽƣ׼ǰһԼҪȥһ˵ĵط
ʥɽ֮ۡ
˹һȴȫ֪ʦȥҪɶϰ׵ļһЩľ˵Ķ⣬ûʲôرˡ
ţƬëţħ˹ˣʹ
һƬëƮЩɻİ˹ϣҹһʥɽ֮ۿȥһ̾ͳһƽ̨֮ϡ

ì壬˶۹нΪСһڵ۹棬ֱӹϽһСӹ塣
岿ȫҰʮô׳ľ˴ɵƽ̨éݣªȴҰС

һֻ׶ߵǿ׳ħеһͷǣгһŭɫ
ǵһҲЩԶֵģ
ȷרŸϽλ帹غΪì峤ìȴһ
ѰʲôùܣǸСĶӳҲֵע⡣
Աɱսɱûʲô⣬ƫƫһСӹ巶Χڣǳǵ۹Źȥġ
Ĵȴǲԭ¡
ºǸСûʲôϵҲҪ
ߣãڵūʧ̫ˣҪһЩˣǸС׳ȻСʲô£ԹӻһЩħóľϸ
Ըӹ̫ز̫ãȻ˰ѱԼϣǾԼˡ
ˣȥһ岿䡣
ԸС壬ܹҪĺôͳǳȵģԼԶˣȻܹҪĴ۲ƽϢԼŭ
ֳɱ
ʵȫūСƫƫڵ۹Ĵ˲ԽҪʲôͳװױǡ
ڣԼҪܵľЩˡ


431 δ
Щʵĸϱһ˺ҹĵλ֮ȻܵԼ
ʥɽʵɽ֮һ͵ܶأÿ⣬û˻ҲСļ̨ʲôȤ
ȻҹȻʯƴܶ󣬿ż̨󷽵ǽڣȴǳɫþ޷ƽϢ
ɫĽɫÿոɨĻõһȾȫǶ뵽ɽڲ
ۣ
ӡſƻϢİɫǽڡˣݻͨǡ

ۣ
ǽɫĿƻǽڣ˵ǣҹƺŹ૵öδĸ
Ρ
һȻƺҹĻʲô߳һ㣬ֻ¶˲ĳƻװñҲֳ˵ӫ⡣
ԣϵͳһȨ޼ʧЧ𼶵ݼٴȨ޼⣬úӢ֮һشҵļ⡭
Ӻϳҹڼ䵱еԿʼмԸԸһ飬ҹĵǱ
һɺϣԺֻܳԼĹ硣
ۣϣֵ֮ķôѾǰԼڵҹȻף˵ȼķɴżȻֱֻ֮ͣҪһŵĵ˾ܼɴʱı˲ȥ˼
ʱԼĸĸ
ش˼ָǰۡ·ԭȥܼ޷Ľǣȴǳһзֵķ϶һɫ߻¶˲֪δ˽ٵͨ
һƼᶨҹŰɫ̤֮ͨڣȻŶʱܹϣǣԼδҲͬ

ô죡
ӹһֻ񣬿ֽϵ鱨²Ǳɫĸؾì൱ǰǺ£ôǸ˿Դ֣ڰ²ȴǸе˴Ϊͷۡ
ңնԷеųȻ֮ǰǼ򵥺ٻٿɱȵģССٶҪ峤Գӭ
ҹȴǿӴʹһҪʥɽ֮ǣ¶Էԭŭӻ𱬰ɡ
Ѱ˹
²صȻֱȥҹȻӣҲյ䣬ȻҪй߾ȹˡ
ڰ˹ոս뵽²ǰʱͻȻǱֱ˺飬һӰɶ룬صײһƬΡ
ѪӰۿǻˣǿܹ׵װ磬ð˹²˶Ŀѡ
ȻǶ֪˭֪߲ĿǰԿĴڡ
ؿҰľħ⴫һ޼ɵһŭ
ˣҽì峤ͼ壬Ȼ춼ӭӣҪ𣡡
ĻһҰѹֶ£˹Ͱ²˾û˿ֿ
ְҵǵİ²ضѹð׵˵ϣ˹Ϊʦ鼦ļ־һְҵȴǿվˡ
Ҳ˶ѣ˫ʵѾν־ֲܹˡ
ꡫ
Ĵǽڶɨһֻ׶ľħһȺħĴӵ£ڡ
ǰǿվİ˹ìȴҲЩ⣬ܹվܲϧǵȺǱ̫΢ټ͵־û˿á
ì峤٣ʧԶӭ
ڿҰѹ֮°׵İ²ؼɬĿڵΪӹԪ˧Ƕþħģ²ô׼
Ҽǵ㣬ʿôǳɹսԭȵλǵʿǵ̵ԭ򣿣
ìĿŰ²أĵһʿʵ󲿷ֵ˶Ҫǿ󣬲ûʲô塣
ʱһλװľħǴӺ˳Щĩᣬ漴øɬ˵
ϢͳȻʧˡ
˵ٴ˰ì
ԭΪΪĳ⣬ڼȻȻѲ˸ϵˣˣȽȫѺȥպǲĲƲǵū
ìĻ˺󷽸ħǵһƬӵҰֱ߰ӽƷɣݶѡ
ѱѹſϳ˱ȻȻϹûк³Ȼϵ޷Ƶġ
֮ǰȻӦǸԳķΪ
²ͷ˿ɬҹ˻ûôΨֻдԹſӦǰ⡣
˹Ҫסëȫֿǹѹʱȴָ޷ֱӹܼƫƫֻѹȡ
һϾ͸оһᣬһԶԶԽ֮ǰѹĿϢֶ£ԭì峤ѹһɨգȫ
ƺڶħĻϢһʲôµĴڣڽٵĺΰ֮ȣ֮ǰì峤ѹֱûؽĵˮͷԱȱڳ
ڳϵѹȴȫûܵƵ˿Ӱ죬ЩԭΪսƷеľħǣȴȻֹ
֮ǰܵͨһſ˵ϣȫû˿϶
ǽì峤ìڵء
ʱİìȴǳ𺳣⣬ѹ
ʥ
ɬŲͷҪ˭ӳȴֻС
ʥۣ֮
ĸ̻ɽϵĴ֡
ȻƾµּͽԼѹˣ
Ǻηʥ
ڵأì˹
֪ڴˣСǾʹȥһ档
ĵ˵ǹѹƺһԶ
ʱìǳ˿ֿµĴҪĨɱԼֻҪһ
ô˿µĴڱӻ壡
ȫ׵İìվ㶵Ŀͬվ˵İ˹Ͱ͵ϼ˼ɬı飬ڵ
֪λ˵˼ʲô
Ա߸Լ֣˹ǰվᶨ˵
ʦоħܹµ˹һˣ˵˿ĸֵʱ򣬻Ӧȥеġ
һְҵʵȴܹ˻£˵ǰû˿ɲ˵ԼĻ˹ľȷѾõ൱ĳɳ
ǹԱУѾŶԷһɢ
ּ
˫ֺ£ĸ˸󣬰ìǱŹ̬Ȼˣ˳ǴǱس롣
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ĵȴĪĸֳһִδйϣ


432 о
ϣϣȡַ
λͶӰʾ˲֪õľַҹɷһ̾ϢҴ˷ɴʵڲռ䲢
ȫԶʻ˷еģдƺֻŴӣԼ¡ҽƲ֡
ȻӦ̫ԶķеˣԭһЩǰд޷䣬ֻɨⲿ𲽵Ľ¡˴Ͷŵ⡣
ܿЩǱûѪɨ赽ԭ뵽¡ڵԻ
ԱӦ磡
Ӫȫ󣬱ٴν״̬¶Ŀ¡˿ܾĵһʼ档
ҹݿƵֻãȻ֪ЩûжôֻнһѾֱһϹպá
ⶫƺΪûй¡˺ıѡȻﵱʥĵ壬ȴûжʥж̽˵ܼĽ򡭡
ϣҹҲٴ뿪Сķ
ȴðɣһ϶ɨԼݿﱣա
ƼﲢûжãûлҪչҲһһϦɵġ

ôħĴҲҪˡ
߳˷ܵŵıպϣҹҲЩ꣬һ·̬Ѿ൱ͣûйĳڴˣǸеԼµּ
ſڵķ󣬱˳ȥ
ʦˡ
ſڵȴİ˹ҹҲ¶ϲɫȻźë֪ʦ϶²Żһֱûм
ţħˣûʲô鷳ɡ
ҹƽ˵ڸԼδȫƽļ
ûʦµֽˣ˵ᰴԸħĻ˳֣һȻˡ
˹ȻǸܿ߶߶ϸȫ˳
֪ˣᴦģ޲š
ҹԺ󻺻ĵ˵ͷ̧ͷԶ粻ɰ
һƬͻȻʼϵĻ۱Σһ޴ľħ֮գĶ·ҹɨһĸֺú޸鲨䵭˵
ʥ͸Ҿħ𡣡
ҹûʥλϢȴóʥλֶΣȻͻᱻɽʥ
һھȻѯʣֱɱȻ߶ڰʥӾ˵ô򵥣ƺҪҹһ͵Ļᡣ
ʥ٣Ҳˡ
ҹЩϷʣƺΪ⣬ǰʱûʥλʥλһȫ壬ضתơ
ԼҲž޴οͻƵʦڣҹŻֺҲԼĵ
֮ڣԾصĿϢǾħƲ㶼ƣճһŤкͼ⻮ۡ
ƾȻڶԷչ¶֮ϣ
ŵԼȡ֮Ϣ֮Ӱ˶٣һŻǸİʥһûеƣ
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ѸȨ⣬֪ȫΪл¶ԷˡҲ˾
ֻϢʥȫл¶Է˭֪ûʲôĵƣһ©Ǿ鷳ˡ
ħ岻һȻͬŰпᣬȴҲҪǵö࣬ıҲҪߵö࣬Ȩжʽ
ȨٴοڵҲɵķŻࡣ
ϿӵˡԻʸ˵Ҫࡣ
ӵʵ˵İʥȷѾӵ£ʸ񣬶ԷѵİʥӦõģԼеӡ󣬲ǲۺ
ΪɻŻ̽Եĳƺ¡
ΣԷʵпʱǿʸڶ½ȡһϯ֮ء
ԷԱźҹеԲۣһδ񣿻Ǳ˹ս̤ħ۹Ǹλʷ϶صһʣ
ȻʱܹʥĶǹ
ͷһţҹȵĻش
Ҿ࣬һ˾ӻϿɵࡣ
ҹĻ£󴿴ɢԼҲͬֲͬϢһţȴˡˡ
ͷ΢΢һ󣬵ҲԼѡ˵뾫鶼Դ½ﲻôȤҪǲСĴǵ˵ͻд鷳
ѹһܹ˳ɾͣͬʱõĹעǸ˶
ҵҪҲܼ򵥣ϾħĵλǲܽǵūʹΪʳҪǽҪǴװҪԽ׵ʽҲҪѺΣձҪЭ
׼õĻҹڱʵھǱ߻ûסǰħǸĴˣϸӹԷûʲôΪԷܹȡô
ԼĴڣĵλɱȲǰ
ҹ˵ܹӹˡҲΪ⣬һĶ޷۵ôֵԳ棬Ϊ˵۹ϡ
ϵõάҪĿҲﵽˣô˿ڣȻܹһʥɳ֪᲻в
ƺǿˡһ˿Ǻ뷨ҹѾֱӷɵǾ޴Ʋͷ֮ǰõͳֻ˵
У㿴ԼְҵĶ޷ۣǲʵԾħԲΪǣѵΪÿ˶ܱ;ָ߰ĴڿУ
ҹͳĶֱ˵ˡĿ޷ۺѾǵĳɾͣǰֻǸѲܵ档
ĴӦ£ģ޺Ҫ˷ѶԴԼʵǿȴ֣赣ĻвõĻᶯҡλ
ӣˡǿڵ
޹ʻɱǵľħʿ
ɲ˵ɲ޹ʣðʹߣħ߲ƭӣǸʲôìļһɱǵʿǵ
˵ҹָָݶ󿪵һͨͱˡ
һ룬˲ǵǴסô죿ⷴҪһȴǾ裬ɱ߱
ҹ˵ն˿ݾܾһδȵԷظְڳһ״
˵вңƨˣӦ֪ĳ̶ǳɲ˴ģǰ˦˰ܹжħƽĿǱҪɰǧ
ҹĻ·򣬼ȸӣֺ㽲㼡вʵҪ
һС峤ѣ᲻ýǾһɡ
壬ʥλľħʿҹ治̫˵Ļһļŭ˺˫Կ֪ˡһλħ
ǾħһĳߣԼǻۣӣȨףǵĶִ򽻵״ԷĿͼġ
ڵҹһһĶסˡĻȴƫƫо
ģ(ա)
һｲĺеоŷ
(á㧥;)
ܵ˶Է𽥵ı仯ҹҲʾѹ
鷳޺ʶһֱȥɣһֱҵǿӽѵʱ
֪Ը񣬻ܽ·Ǻʲô𡭡


433 Ψż
ˡǴӦ˽ìɱʬ壬ڳһǵҲֻԼͽ̬¸̨ס
ߺδʥ彵٣Ϊħ۹ʥλİȫΪҪ
ңγӶõˣҲûս塣
Ȼϻ˶ħ۹Ϊһһλӵ㹻ʥλİʥȺӰλʶõԱСƨ
ӣλʥӦڼһʱ򣬿Կǰħ۹ֶԸֵ̫ĵˡ
һλħ̬ȵİʥǿְʥΪ֣ܶʱܹŲȡá
ڶԷӦһҪһЩʲôģˡҲûоܾЩȻҲϡУ۹ôطѹѹλȫֵһġ
һǿʥļֵǲֵһᡭ

⡢ˣոλˡ
²һı鿴ŴӿнµҹһìСɫҫˣìѾԽˡ
Ȼ֮ǰλȻˡ
ħ۹ȨĴʱ˵ΰսʥλܡ
˵ԼԼүүִĹ³ġ
ˡԵʦȻֱӱҹ˶˻ȥ
ˡѾǾħ۹߾߲㣬ȻѾȥˣȻѾϿˣǾ˵Ժ鷳
壡
壡

׻ˣ˴ͷ˵£ȴǼߺöжˮ
ڿҿңϥΪĶȺܹ˳ȥÿնĵڿԷ
壬ƾԼŬƾԼĺˮƾ͵ѪŻĵλ壬ֻԼӡ
ҹƽĻƺǴݵĵס
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˹һֱһԼĽȴеĳĽ֮飬ΪСֳǶսСʱȫǺͽһ˵ĹϵҲΪҪá
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񾭣򣬶Լȴ˳ӦӾ·ͬʱֱж۾ķ
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435 
壬йʱڵҪӦûڰķ½ڶ½һ֧ռ󶥼֮һʵ»ھħ֮ϡ
Ѿ۾Ҫȥıڸ߿иٴҹйʱڵĴϡ
˵ʱȥ̫ãɿͼݿжҹôǼЩ
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࣡ⲻǸĵط
Աڲʶʶҹĸ壬ҹǼԽһƤϯλʱһλƤλվǰ棬ƺǸоǼǰ߳ԽԼλһֶԼ衣
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ͨһָ˹ȷӳǡɡ츳ҹĺԴҲһǹĺ͵ڶڸġ
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Ҫս㡣
Ȱ˹ӦҹͶһսƣͬʱôָŻδӦİ˹˵
һ̣ԱߺüƤϯλԾıһ߿ճλá


436 ʲ
սңǶʿ裡
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437 
ʼ˹ܣͿĨһЩҩλ壬Լ֮ǰΧǳսȺǣʱӶɳ˼ס
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ǳ֮ǰʿǶսʤ֮һϸʿʵ˴ҵϿɡ
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Ѱͻʧܵİʥûֶεİʥɱ֮ɱ


438 ײ
ĲĲꡤǿĿţȴҲ޷ڸԼǷս⣡
ҪĶ֣
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ԼѾ벽ʥλżȴЩʧܵİʥͬԼǰһƬ
ˣҪεʵĶȴ޷õҪսɵá
ʥԼҪĶ֣
Ψǰ֮ˣΨǰͬδʥλȴԼѹܹ֮ΪԼĶ֡
ȻҪҵǾɣ
Ը
ֱףֱսֳһ¾ͻ
Ⱥȫ˾춯صĺУʥλ֮Ϊ߶˵ս
ȫ˾ħʹԼϿܴ鷳
ʥλ֣ǷԶ޷ֱӣ¿ǵս
ǰ֣ܹ͵۷Ծ
ʲô
­ľħˣ
ƨ£ҪǾʱ̫ˣ
ʩչȥ
ҹͷ˦һƬë˹϶ꡤ˵
ȥ
ꡤ˵գ˶ų˳ɫѪֱʣƺնȾһ㣬һ̫չʾһС
ΪӦҹӦսȲǰʥ֮·ƺٴμǿ˼֣ʥλ֮䣬ֻıĤ
̧ͷϢʢꡤҹüë˼Ҳм򵥵ĺôľϵĥΪԼ򵥡
ȡ
ƾʧԭأֱӳյҹչʾԷȻͬķ
˵δʥλɱŹڿԼǲ̫ˣּһδûкô
ûпʼķʩҲûвУƲ֮ϣ˵Ĺע£Ϣ˽ͬʱķ˹
һһٵĽ
ÿһνƺͱƾڵһ飬˸߿½ֵľ綼ѹ۾
֮ϵĻص
ȴսһڳе嶼ղܣбѹѪ˿۾Ͽգ־Ҳ˫ٶҲĿת
ꡤδʥλѾɾʥλǱȻ޿赲
ʥλ֮µǿߣ
ʱλʥλ֮µǿߣ˵۷壬ȴһСǿò£
ڶԷּսӰ£ҹûʹԼƵ·ͬӳԷȭȭ⣬Ӳա
׿һս׿һսǻֻۣһ㲻ԭʼײ
ÿһ£˫Ѫڡ
ʹ죡ʹ죡Ѿõս
ꡤԽ۾ԽԽƾԽʢ
ҹȴÿζͬסΪǿĹÿ󶼻ֱֶᷢøǿ
ϸԼǰδԹײҹҲƺǴĴš
ײоƺҲ
ٴײһ죬ֽŲãֱӵĹ棬̶һ˲ǰʮеĽ棬˫ȭȭһӲ
ܿռ䶼飬ٴͬʱɡ
֮ǰɺֻٴν֣һΣȴͣԭء
ҹ˦Щ׵ɢɢ˵
ѽɣ⣬ϲˡ
ҹ£콵ԭ֮ϰٻţȴ˵¶׹
ƺ˻֮ף½ʥλĵ
ꡤϣ˶Ϊġ
ʱڣֵһʥλ
ꡤ
˽յ˫ۣƺꡤ˦ֳҹһ⣬ҹУһö̺ʥλ־
һöꡤԼȡ
ңǷһ飬ѡ
ꡤƽȴԼһɸӣ˫ǲʤĽֻ֣Ϊ˵ףԼǶԷĶ֡
ԷԸ⣬ȫսԼĳʥ֮·
ԷȴûԼһͬ
ʥ֮Ƿ̫ˡ
Լ̤ⷭ츲صһӷ׳ʥ󣬶Ȼû˿Ӯ¶Էİա
ʥλȻԷûаգǰζţڣȴǲòţ
ǣлỹҵ˰ɣʱԼŰ켴ɡ
еҹ̧ͷҲһаЦ
­Ĺϵκ϶ἱ½ϱ˫ϵ˶ʥλ½֮ǰƽ⣬˶ˡ
Ψֻܸȡᣡ
СǱĵ΢ԼõĻԼ壬㹻Ϊڼзмȥ棬ֻıӻ
һġ
ꡤҹ˵ͷ֣صĳŵպŻǿƻع飬ʿ֮ҪΧɱ壬崫ͳǿӲֹشŻֹĺͼ
ΪˣȴǸԭǰ;ΪսʧߣδʷԼ


439 񾡹
µʥλ£ԭǰĿܵĴɸ˼֡
ȻĴֶΣٴҲԶԶ޷ҹȤ˼Ŀ󣬸˹һսʿ󣬱ƨˣͷٽ̻ȥ
λǷԼʥλһտϰ˹ˣȻ赣İΣ
Ȼҹ·ɵƿڿն뿪ķ䷶ΧһΡΰĿ־ȴȻҹܡ
Ŷǳô֪ľħ¡
ҹͣڿ΢΢ǷǷչֳŵǡ
ʧˡ
û˵Į֣˶ħ۹һλʥλܣ
ֻҪͶ״̫ǿκβܲƴɡ
ҹʼ״Լһ·ڻ̲ס˰Ȥ
õҹĻشܵϢ䣬ԭĳ˵ǿգתƣȫҹڡ
ʥλн磡
޵ɱ⽫ҹᡣ
ŶȻʥ¿Ҫˡ
ҹüգһ;ı顣
ߣȻֹڴˣǻ˱յ㡣
䵭صһƬŤŷ޷޷ֱӵĿ־һƤײӫӰա
˸ߴ⣬˿ǾħĿһƬģ
ƺ֮غģողʥλҪΰ
Ĳһʵ­Ҳһλʥλûô
ҹ̯֣ƺҪһ¡
ȻֱܹʥĴڣ֪ɱ˱ʥĺƺΪ̵˶ʥλûгΪĺܡ
һȻ֣ǿнƬǿӶһ룬ոһգҹͬڣ
­
ҹĹĿʣһƬģȻȴƺ¶һء
ԷʵԼ֮ϣԼδֶԷĵ
­˶ħ۹Ĺϵ⣬˫űʵ𣬵Ա˶ɶŷŮľħϲͬ­ֻһ壬һȴ˶
㶼Ѿȫչ¶ˣòعںðɣӻȥҲֻΪЧѡ
­λʥλ𽥸֣ͬòܻʮɭɭ­ǣһԴϷʵĿ˵
ʥλΪϣⲢǻ֮ϿΪͬĴڻ仹ǻһЩס
ߡ
û˵ҹͷϵɱȴٴŨ˼֡
ʱڣʥλĿٵĿ£ʥλԼǱȺ൱ʥλİȫ
жʥλͬʱ֣ǿ֣֮֮ȴû˿Ľ
磬ֻ˫ĪʥλԸֻװױ˱ˣ
Ȼˣǻǰ˫֮ΪСһŪ
˲ɱʥԷѾӵʥλʸھôǿɳ󲻿
ǻ˫ĨɱԷĻᡣ
ûĵˣκ´μ滥ŹԽҲ֡
⡭λھѾдþ籾ˣ
˫עĵҹգգ۾¶һܵŵӡ
ǣʥܹʥλͬʱȥҲ㹻Ϊˡ
­˵ǧ򲻸ã­ϣûɱʥ
սˣβ­ħʥλɱҾ֮𡣡
ҲĮķҹר϶ˡ
ĵȥɣʧȥ㣬ȺҲû壬ܿͻȥġ
һ˵꣬ǰͿʼһƬŤգһһ֮俪ʼֳһ壬ϵ͡
­һλܵͷҲɭЦʱʱ֣ƺܹɴ͸ǰʥλײŤռ䡣
ҹҲȫգĿռϣ֮룬ԶԶ
ǿ˫ĹнײгһƬ
ܲ
䵭ǻ
Ϊʥλ֮¶ԣ
£֮ĺɫ壬ͻȻ룬ƺܹܵһУռڣ
ϵתԭصҹ˿ѵĿܣ
Ȼһ̣һȦȦͷȴϢ͸գֱײ֮ϣȫɡ
ʥλкûз˿ͽոʴһƬն¶˫֮磡
𣡡
ŭ֮ɫô£ѵΪǼһЧ­
棡
˵ң𡣡
ڹŭ­һƬ϶¶һϢ
š
һɫ渲ǵӰѾ­࣬˱˸ӱ
ģʽ
йʱڵһγֵģʽ


440 
һöʵ֮ĹȨȳȼŻĽɫʥǹݺݵĵȥ
Ȼһ̣­λʥλʥ壬ȴĵɶȥ
ɹУֵëиϣܿռһ֮µƲһ㣬һ֮飬¶ڲ档
Ǳλ棡
ǿк˻Ԫλ
˲Ϣס˽⵽Լĵˡ
ҹһ̣Ѿ˶λʥλǰĮ˿鲨ĹѪͫŶԷ
λжʥλǹ߻˫˫£ô
ƽѸѪͫгһƬ㱣̶һ˲䣬ǿʥλ־ѹƶ£ʧȥ֣Ϊ˲϶ͷĺ󳾣ȴҲֱùнŲ뿪
һǹ͸ԭصӰȴǳһ
ȻŲ뿪ĹȴûѪٴѸתѪͫ
һ⣬ʥλҲ㿴
ƺʱ⵹ƺ飬ƺٴθǰҹԭһǹûΪԷŲ뿪˿ͣ٣ֱӹᴩ룡
㣡
ѿʼչʽĹŵûɢôܣôֲΡ
һ̣ǰû˿ǰ׵ƿһпմ󶴣Ѫ
һ̣Ǵ󶴾ͱֲϵϢȴͷҡ
ʵ󽵣
ʥλʥܹӳǿͬʥҲӰ졣
ΪҪ編ƽԼҲݷԪȡѵʱ䣬û뵽㾹Ȼң
ȫûϵҹֶΣȻشѾʼγˡ
һʱ⣬³Լưոݣ
ʵֻҪϢأȻܵ޾׷ɱ
ʱԪλ­ҲƿգŻȵĸǱ¹
ȻǱôûܵʵ˺ʥλܵ裬ȻŭҪЩʲô
ɸܵ˹˥Ϣȴ˶Щסˡ
Բۣ((?(//?/?/)?))ȥ˶ã
ôֻȥϴ˸裬һ˵˥ˡ
ǲǺϻҪƭҰɣ
ܺãʵĵģֱ뿪ȻûУǣͲˣȻ©Ϣе鷳
һֺͲձһôʲôҹ­λ³֣ȴǲϲ
һûΪģܵĹַ˲ɢƬнײգͶ߼·ͼĹһţ
һ̣ƬռȴǱȫ
ûܹһ˺ͣ뿪ƬģǵĽ磬ʱˡ
ʥǹҹɫγɵȻţֱգƬռ䣡
ԭλʥλײʵĹн磬ȴƺͬʱ̣
ԭҪ뿪պĹ¶ѿ֮ɫ
ô£
­ѯŹ
ˣԼᣡ
һҹѾֱλսȫʢʱڵʥλ
յĹУгһ޴ħ󣬱һ
ԭĽɫƺǸһʵʻۣͷƺһźγɵͷֱȲиʽצսף
ȫɽɫ湹ɣ
ʱɳצŵĻۡ
޷ȫյĵڶͭħʱѾҹģʽܡֱʹ˳
ƺֱӳΪƬʱյףǹ֮µƿء
ҪҪ
еĵˣʱѣ­ǾһϽӽ⣬Ȼû˿ֵ
Ҫ̧̧֣ǰĿռ죬ҪƶȴԼѾûС˷

һλ­ʥλóԼǿıֻһƬ޻һͷȨȡ
ȴ뱾ʥ
һ̣ͬΪʥ­ȨȴǺȻ飬һǹ˷ĩ
Ҫ
ӳʥʥﻯޣ­ȫǷ֮ɫʥ֮ǹĲ׽󣬱ȼ޵ͷԼһ뻯һ޴ľ޴쳯ҹҧȥ
ǰһжӲɵ³ͬŹʽĲ赲С
ʥλҧסҲ
һ̣һ޲ƣȴҹΪɢ
ʱϷ
˵ǸСһħȴǿ
ֻ˵帺СѣΪһ㣬ܷӳǿܡ
ԭ˲ϢܱպϵĴ죬ٳ޷պϣҹݶˡ
ٴϵףֱٻʥ壬Ѿûʥ­۶Ǿ
˾Ȼ¾ʥΪθңΪθ뷨
ʥλֻ֣ǶԷӴܣΪλ˽֣
ȥδȻ㲢
ǹ䡭
ʥ飬ޣ


441 ע
ȫʵǿÿµİʥͻȻشԼǰȥ­϶֡
лϲһ׼Ѱһ뿪ȴ֣һҲҪܼܲˡ
Ȼδҵƿֵķ֮ʱǰսȴѾˣ
ǽٶȣջʤĶ֣ͷȻʥ𵴡
ԷʼȡԷѾɢʥ󣬸Ǹе˴ӽֺҵĲ
ͬٵʥλܣȻ߱
𣬻з
ȵҹʥеƲû취ְʥˣʼĿͣ˹֮
λʵ͸ѷһ֮ǰ䲻ش˵ʥλħȴǸܵĲ
ˣԴӳɾʥλԼʹδܵ־δܵΣգ
ʥ滹羰ǰʱڣ˲ľ⣬ʥλҲǸո𲽣ڶǺԼͬ
˼̬⣬Լ䣬
ʥ˷ѳɾʥλΪ˳Ϊ̤֮ʯ
ҲΪʥλǣֲԾ̹ϵĲȡ˹ֶΡ
ԭ˥ϢȻٴαʥλԭͬ٣ȫͣ͵ʱɳ©ٴȼԴٴζ뷲ΪۣǿлָȫʢʱڵʵҪǿ󼸷֣
ʥȻҲٲֶεȦף
ԭʥλƽˮΪϣﶼϣȼԴĹȴչʾճһ顣
ǹ㣬ÿһǹƺһǳǣãԭҹĿռ𵴳ơ
Ѿ£ʥҹ¶ɫ
ʼҾͻˣû뵽Ȼķ֧ʽ
漴ҹ¶Цݡ
Һһݴ
ɢһļʸУûȥһУδʥоԼѾ˵Ĺܵıܿ˶Էߡ
ΪΣԼսԷǳһúϲУ
ԣһǶֵҪҡԼ־һ֪ʥλ־ɡ
ʧĿŶԷŤ۵̮ǴкģԼ֮ͥĶ֣۶ãȻ
Լʥ֮ĸʽȻΪΡ
Էһ鷲ˣԼһֶԷĲٿظӿ£ֱﱾԴ
ܣʥλ֮½Ϊϣ
ƺΪ־ǵĿֱ۵һĶرݺݳǰնȥ
һƺжʷնǰһУǿռ۵֮£նǰȴֱӳҹͷϡ
ʥλϵʥλֲֹոһ
֡
ã
һ޿赲Уҹֱӿֺô
䡫
ҹδҡ·ȴܵǲһնĻһı˺Ѷֱر
һɲ⣬ֱͨԨѹȣһನ֮±˺Ѷ
ҹƺһǡ
ɫĻӶȥɢеһӡǡ
ǿԾƴԼ÷һֽţΪ֤ԼǶԵģǿҶԸã
ĹʽһٶĵǿѪʲôҶ

ƺ޼᲻ݵʥֱӱҹģ˵ԡ
ʥʥ鱻ǿӶݿѾ˻ɱߵȻüֵ
Ӿ
ֵ߸ʶĿ͡
ùһֶԷȻȿʼɱ­ʱҪǿĴ
Ǵǡ
ҽˡ
ƺ˹һУҹ䵭ùͷ˿ɬ
һֱ
һֱΪԷֳʦڵϢΪˡ
Ȼ
Դ
ˣ
ʦڣ
ʦڣ
һʦڣ
һʦڰ
ضԷ¶Է˵ԪλҲȻûжҡ
±ԷùֶشԼҲֻǴ⡣
ѾӴԼֲε
ֻǰϧë᲻δʥҪѰս
ɱ­ҲǶԷͬ⣬ûϵһ鷲˵Ҷ¾ʥͷ
ȻʥѾȥһУѾжԼʥ޾ľ㱳ˮһսǣյʤȻڱʥ
ٲãҲܱò׷ɱ

ʵֻʦڣƽ۶ῴһ۵ϣʥвǡ
Ѿ֣⣬Լƺûѡˡ
ûһشٿжʥȼԴܲһɴʱ
ǲѺܳͷ⳥ɲԣҪδ³Ϊ׷Ҳ޲ɣ
˵ѾνʥλϣȡǽڲܵĻᡣ
Ѿдʥλ˽ҹԷȴһƬĮ
㲻ʥλеᣬǸûпʥλֶΡ
עڴˡ
¡
绮գѪɫ׹䣬ʥλ䣬ͬ



442 ʵ
ͱԷڵʥǹǿʼɹһʥλΧѰ졣
Ŀаȫбڹȥ׵ľӿڣ˸Ӵľ֮⣬һ˵Ϣӿꡣ
ĹƬҲױ
һ̰˱ܵľϵĽɫƺٴαϢٴγɱ
ʦ۷壡
֮ǰһĳ֮ǰǰﵽʦ۷ĳ̶ȣһεõ˴ľȫˮɣ
ǹڸֻһɾܴﵽʥλʦ
̧֣˺ѡ
һĻһ˺ա
ҹͷƳһɫŮ壬Į˵
𡣡
Ǹûж⡣
ƣȻʥλ̿ͣɶ
ɫֵŮ壬ҹ֪˼Щʲô
Ϊ˶ԷϢûнģʽ
ûң𾴵ǿߣѣҲǻѣҲûж⡣
ΪԷɱʥλĹϵɶȫ˼ܴ״̬
Բۣ(bb)
ʥλ䣡
춼Ҫˣ
ո𣬾ǿȺʥλҲᳬʮλ
һ˫׹䡣
ѾǶҡ۹ĸûĸȺܹʥλʧ
޷⡣
޷ܣ
ΥԷ³ֻ·һ
վʥλľȥĺܿ죬Ѹٵľƽ
ֻˣǷŵ̬ŵ͵ʹù̬
Դӳʥ֮Ѿ˵ĵ̬
ԼҲ֮ƽƽλѷɫ
ڣܹƿԼĴڣȴǲòʥλ߰ͷ­
ܹɱʥλı̬ǰʱ޵еģ
˾⣬ûܵס
ãԷ֮ǰꡤľٶǵˣֵꡤлʥ
жҾȶˣﻹ
ҹŮһۣΪ̫ˣԵҲûʲôų⡣
һϢ֮ǰꡤдʱʱʱ֣ȻרŹꡤʥѣŻĹϵܲɡ
ߵʥλսȻʱ䲻ɽҲˡ
ԼҪĶụ̂ܶսŵִ︽ġ
ɶʥλŮ̿ͣʷֻǰһֻʱڴɱףȻʧȴҲ֤ȫˡ
ȻˣȻдڵͼֵ
ϻϨҹĶһ˰֡
ôҿꡤ˳ۣȻѣҲɣ͵Ҳ׷ˣӦҪ֪ôӦϢɡ
ۼ˻ƴóǿ˫˫䡣
ɶҹĻ̬Ⱥ˿һֱΪԼǵǿǱ⡣
ֱʱŷ֣ԼҲ޷ƿԼʱ
˫δŲϢ©һѪͫƺֱܹӿԼꡣ
ƺԼΪˮ׼ڶԷΣ
䣬ʱֳһλǿߣĿʼֶ½ľƣǳ˶λʥλ⣬˿ơ
ԼкθɣΪʥλԼ׷ʥ֮ϵ羰ֻҪܱȫٶҲӰ첻Լֺ
Ϊһ壬ҹǷǷʾǿߵ𾴺󣬼ɶֱӵͷ뿪һ޷϶֮С
Է뿪ҹвϵתŷģŶԷ˾̾似ܣй֮ǰһѣһֱиѣ治һܹλ
йϵļӳɣʵõҲһ
е񵱳ִϵļһֶΣĹ򡣡
ſԭҹҲֱͣȥ
ȻͷݼɣȻȥҴˡ


­ʥλ˶۹ʥλƴ˫˫䣡
ʥλضû취ء
Ϣٴ½
ݴŵʱʥλɶҲڳҲ֤ʵһ㣬ͬһеĻһλʵǿʥ
ֻһƬ֮ԣȻû˻ţĻỳǲǼɶ̣͵͵ɱ
һλħ۹İʥСڳȻûһͨƭûлŵĻ
˵Ǽɶвʥصħ۹ȻԲںвˣħʥץҲ塣
ʵԵħʥı
Ͼǿͬʱ͵ϮħİʥҲӡ
ĿܹöԷΪʥҲȡ׼ſܴЭЭ顣
ѵ˵ɶʵѾ㹻ǰʥСɪɪΪ㹻ӾħʥɱԼˣ
ôܣˡ
вܵضųʣµǸȻǡʵˣȻ˫̫𱬣ͬھˡ
һ˲͵ȼ˶ħ۹­ĳͻ
ȥͶ״Ϣʥλġʵ顱ȥҹͬǷ׼ź­һˡˡ
˵ȥ½
ȻѾͶ״ȻԷæˡͬˡ
Сͻĺܣ϶ǲսУڶԷʵʧһʥλúȰǰλܹɹͻʥλʥλĿհ׵ġ
ϾûưԴ½Ļϸֵ£Ĵڡ
ԣҹְҵ׵İ˹ٴ̤̣ţվСӲδ䣬ҪҲ;島Ϲϵźá


443 
Ԩ֮أ
ҹִ°˹ĵص㲢ԶһһƺǱĺûû￿
ˮȴ峺ףԿײɳ
Ѿʯ˵Ŀƺ֤ǰӵŲ
νýҰͻУĻƤ׵ӰһֻӥϷ£Ƭߵϡ
һٻӰ壬ס˵رϸɳָ⻬䣬¶صı飬ĶΨĻ档
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ȣаֱŨˣôȥǵĽ޷סߵɢ
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ȵȣ׼Ҳڰ𣿡
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һƮ嫵Ϣ͸ҹϡ

ǩԼﶼãߴ֮һҲһֱûСԻų
һ߻ƴֵˣܵǹϤϢȴͣ˫ĿãȻЩ
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һ·ϣҹҲ־ˮƽȻʵǿôСӶȫְҵ׸ϣ;߱ġ
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451 һ
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˹һڣֱǴΧȺֱһ񶨵֮ǰۣ̾˴ƬķͲ
ҹû뵽λӻȡ˹ֱ̬廰ֱǰԼһģһġ
һֺĳֻ˵
ɵƯ
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452 ᲻е۸
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ȻΪӼһ䣬̬ȴҲ˳˹ʵξȻǰЩ߰ѹƿԣֱˢۡ
ԱЩڼ¼űʼǣľǣʱҲЩ㱡
Լʱǲû̫⣬ֻΪԷпȡ֮˿ûΪĹ۵һͿأôأлʵʵĴʦ
Ȼȴȫ߸
ô
ǰĵ·Ǵ𣿡
ܹȡаõĵߡ
û뵽оôöǱô
ۼ룬ȻǶа㹻о˽ľ飬ͻȻ˵ǲ⣬򶼴ˣǾЩ޷ˡ
ߣǵľģ
ɾڰ˹ѾԷƿԵʱһĮȴڴص
һһ۾ֳй˹ĺɫͬɢŵɫԡ
զһֳ֣ȫڳ״ɢɫԵ˫ͫɨһ۰˹󣬱ǻͷҹ˵
ֻˣʲôۡ
⣬ɲʲôӣµıӡ
ҹվ𣬿ǰ˵
ԷĹʹݣˣϢİʦ
Ҫ̧ۣҪˣ˵ԭʦβûʲôϡģ֪֪˽˽⣬ȴ壬ֻǿȤЩȤˡ
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ԼҲͬʦ۷壬Լĸ֮УԼ֮£Էû˿ˣʱ
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һȻĵĮ֮ɫֻҪԼԨ֪ʶѹ˶Էһжð죡
ڵĹؾġ
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453 Ա
˫ֳŵ棬ڵϵޣɫİ˸ƺʱϨ
忡ϳš
ԼаܵϾȻ䣡
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ԼѾˣҲ൱ãһаܿʯԼ۳һʮڵ㣬γϳǧٶ·
Լ͵ĺܣӳǿƻԣûĸͬĺܹ֮ȣ
аܵƻϾžԵƣ
˶ߵаƽģ;ͱǰգ¸˸һаܿʯܴﵽǰֲΣѾõ˼²Ŷԡ
ǰԼóȰ˵ֶΣֳЩԱ϶¶˰ݷɫ
Ȼʱȴ˫ĿãȻ겻ᡣ
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454 
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ңΪ֮ʱйעΪǱ̫ͷˣȴû뵽
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ܵʱˢƺܿʥ壬˶بų档
ԳԽͨʥλʷʫǿߣ
ˣıûкûֻ֣֮֮ˣаܵȷĳ̶ֳϻӰԸ񣬵ֻҪƿصõҲ޷Ϊá
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ԴӿʼаܿʼѾ˲⣬ͬ׼˱Ĵ㡣
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ΪԼʧְʵϱĻֱܻܿӡȾľ顣
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ҲӼᶨľģɴԼоҪԼƿ󣬼ٱ֧䣬ÿɿء
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ֻǼˣҲѾ̫ʺϼˡ
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ΪҹЩǵġѺд衱УѾ𲽽˹Ľ˽⣬бڲЩܸѾγһӵĿ´
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ǵһľ֮һƺ֪뿪ķѾʼ
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ҹ۶ʼ¶˹ɫǵ뿪ܹӸԴϽìܵĳͻԼҲܴлȡһЩԼҪĺô


455 籾
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ҹĻԵЩ죬ǳҲЩǰδ˵ְҵ˵ӦǺͽйصˡ
ڸµԮ֣ұʾл־ʹҾһУǰûӴĻܹæĵطޡ
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456 
˼飬ʼҶǵԤж룬ȻǵŷɢȻƴﵽЧܹƵסܸţ·̺Զİɡ
ֱСĴģͣҹıҪƶһ㡣
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ѾǹĿˣֻҪһ㣬ԷԶ˲Ƶ֧
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ҹԷɻҲһԽн˵
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ܵ߾棬ҹһ̾˸뿪ԭأԶĿǱֵ̬ľС㡣
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ҾҪȥǹζѣ㲻Ӧ
תתԼߵķңʷʫܣʱȴװɵȣһҸոձаȾˣҲ֪Ҹոʲô˭ģҸʲôãȻӡ
룡
ոǰɣ뺦ң
ٶȼصҹо˶ˣ򲻹ܰɡ


457 ԵĿ
أҪ·ҹջѡΪ˱ĸй⣬һ
;ܵų˻ع
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λʷʫڣԼҪȫվûô졣
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󷨼ɵʱҹҲ˿ħ

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ҲΪǵԣԲܴǼݵͼӡȼϡ
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ħһ쿨ҲȷǾħеߣоģҲ÷ֱʽ
ʵܹúܿ죬⡢áɨ衢̵ӵȵȣһ춼ûۣһֱҵҹҲڸܵǹմڤڤϢ
Ǿڹڵ㴫Ĺ
Ѿִ㣬ڱҪ̡

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ʵУѾܹۿԼҹǿԶ۾˵ܹƲ뺣
Լһվ򿴵ĸо
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ԶԶվڳҹܵʵʱǴеħ֮ųҫ۵Ĺԡ
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ԭ˶ħ۹­ʥλ˫˫䣬սȼյñеĿö࣡
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Ϊ˫ì֮һ岿䣬ҲĪľս֮С
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Ī½֮۵ìܶȼ
࣬ȻΪһǿʥıӻȴҲû취⡣
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ֱǰ󣬲֪Ϊɶսʱͣ˲٣ǳʲô飬Ϊ˰²زټڽһЩʲô
ҪӦ٣ȥũ׳Ҫûˣ͹ڼϵ壬Ҫⲿڲܿ
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ʥλȻܹ˽ţΪɶǾͲ֪ʵһеܵʦء
𡭡


463 ˭
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ǰ߲㴫˵ʱŻжͱ˻սĽˡ
ɼˣ㻹Ŷ෽ǣƣûһԸ⵱ͷ񣬴ʱսգҲѾԵ൱ء
նΪ·ѪĳһƬʣܹŤ
κһĴ̼ܵ¸ɲһһ
廹Ǿħ൱ɫ󲿶Ӷְҵ׼ְҵ׵ʿǻ
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ʦǿǶǸŸȺ幥ǣơ
սϣǴʦֺҲƲ̫
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µѹѾﵽʥλ֮µļ£ƿ֮Ѻۡ
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464 
˦ɵϷ˦Ұ˰ʥನʹ˺ļ顣
ʼһȺҰˣ֮ǰ»˷ɻҡ
ΪǣʱҲȫڴ㶵״̬ƺ֪Ӧô죬ֱһλԶԶҹ֮˵󣬲ͻȻڵغ
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䣡
ȸոҰ˻ҪӹӴʯӣˡֻʯһεڶ
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465 ת
˵ص̧ͷζڶֻʾ۴СĹ㣬ҽ̵¶ȡ
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Ѿչ˼⣬ͬʱתƻҳһĳԴټʱϢ
صı֮£ѾΪ崴һĳʼ
㹻֧ŵɳ


466 ֮ʦ
½Կħ۹ַҹûвעаܵ⣬Ѹٽս
û˿ôΪҪˣǻϣħ۹ĲֵܹþһЩ
žһͷţҹҲɹǰߵڣӭ޾ʻ뻶
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ʥɽۣ֮ҹѾܴɣҲʼ׼֮ǰһֱҪɵһʩȫԼߺ˾һıӻĵ⣬㹻˵ֶΡ
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ǿ˷ĵɽͣƺǷתʼ˺ѵ棬ʯջ
Уƺʯۼ
ԽԽ󣬴ضƬ˺ѣܵɽҲԷɽΪĵ϶ϵİصÿһȦ͸ֶһȦħ·󲻶ϵķգԽԽ죡
־޴ĶЩаħʥλҲ˸Ӧ̧ͷյǵ㣬֪ԷҪʲô
ֻǶȻķ֣ǵԽԽߣϢȴԽԽͻ뵽ǽ֮󣬾ȻѾʥȫʧȥ˶ǵĸ֪
⡭
ǳв
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ƫƫպȥټǼʱܽ׹䵽Ҫĵط
Ҳνˣžıӻ˼˲࣬ڵĻ֮ǰЩҲѾˡ
ǸȷͬԷ˵޷ģܹΪǿߵվֻǸΪǡ

治˸ɵ¡
̻ԶΧʯųɳԵպҹҲɲ˲ͷĺˮ
йŵĻڵȥ˰⻹֮ǰһƵĿ̻
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֪ԷδֵҹҲһ𣬿¾ˡ
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ʧİ˹Ƶ˵ȴҲûٿ
ʦȻѾΪӾͱҪĸܡ
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˰˹ԴķŪҺҹҲȥͷ̾Ϣ⣬δĵ·
ҹȥϢȫ壬Ѱ˵Ҳûиеʲô
Ͼ֮ǰҲ뿪ֻȥͨˣˣҲҹ񵹼ʱһ죬һʢľ硣
Ϊ˾ˣҹҲеֱѹŶǺȵһݡ
žƾҹİһֱ֮ŵǺʥֳԵȥΣȴû»
Ҳûиоﲻףž̳
ʧȥʶ֮ǰžƾץסͬԺİ˹˵
һ飬պ󲻱⣬ͬҪĴۣҲĲ𣿡
ʦ˵ҵְԽҲԽ󡣡
İ˹ʶľͻش
ȷϣԺҪҡ
漴ҹǺͰ˹һ𣬱ž̳˯
ֻǱ۾ոջָ岻ãûкȾƵİ˿СһӾŹֵаЦ˵ҹȣݺݵļϽ˷䣬һҹߡ

йţҶΪӮȡ˱ķʱ
һλǿߵıӻһػ֮ǵıӻžı飬ûĸóóȻĹûɶôС塭
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ɻδȵkи뷨ȴǺȻķֱ֮ĹϵڱѸٵжϡ
ͫײתƺڤڤз뱾һһжϡ
ɫɵķϵĵ㣬󲻶ɢ
ħ־ż
㾹ȡ
ŵӶԷٿص־бòҹƲƲ졣
˹̹ʱ򣬶ԨƨѪ˼֯ĸ͵֮ɶñƱƵġ
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ǰʹĽûԴһ춼Цˣȱɶɶ
ЩʱҪȵʽڣҪʥ֮
Ư˹ѣһãȻ˹Ƭ̺󣬱ȫӳ˹ЦŶҹ˹
ߺߣԵĻþ㾹ȻҲҪƭүеħһ
ȻǱҹһĵ˵ϣ˽ֹʥͱôԨ治ңż治ҡ
ʥϸӦԼʽĵꡣ
Уٲ㣬鷳ĶҪˡ
ҹ̧ͷʥλħϢķҲü
Ǽһ֮ǰֻݽɫҪһֻԼϢ
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ʥλΣһҪսĻôطҲκβˡ
ѾǿһҹȻҲûȤһӲս
Ȼ˹Ҳûкʥλħ̸ĵ˼
˫ԽԽԶϢҲԽԽ
ܿ죬ǾͷһɫǸЩϢʥλڣȻͻȻͣԵܹӶԷϢиܵһӿ־
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ܿ죬һλʥλħϢҲͻȻܵʲôһ㣬ʧıӻ졣
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Ȼû⣬ֻи⣬⹷ƨѻ졣


472 
س谮һĳ壬Ϊʥλ䷲䶼ѡ
ʵа壬Ĵڣվ˽۷塣
ƹξƹܴصĺƹĺƹܰܵԼƹʱյͭ
ΪҪһǣ̫ʱս֮һƬǽ壬Զʱڶɫ˻Ľ磬άϵƽ⡣
Ҳˣͬܵų⣡
ֻɢ壬ʹƨɻص򣬲ᷲ䡣
żɧԼҲѸٰƽֻǸߵ廯ν뷲۲ȴҲ÷˷
ִڸߵģһЩ̺ѪԼʿս⣬žרűȰռҵĵؾƷˡ

֮һ⣬͵Լ׺ı󣬾ȻӵԨΪ˵ħҲΨһӵ塣
ʵĻҪԨ浲ס̫ԼⱦŮˣԵ·ˣĿǰͱ̯ӡ
ǵҹӵ˵һռ󣬺ȥһЩ˽⵽Ϣ
ڣȻ鷳ԴͷѾˡ
ááá
׵ľصʣԨ㣬ħ޷ֱӽٵĵ򣬵ӵо֮ĺ˵ȴȫû˿⡣
һ޴ĺӰ˹ѾԼ˸ɸɾڳһȴӲӡ
Ͻģ֮ʥλʵ綼ܸ㵽ɽڲûգѹ군ˣ
ΪǰϹŶ˹ŷḻĴ¾飬ȫƳպһҹлǰ԰ǹ·ĳ嶯
ҾòˣԶĻŲɡ
ҹǲǳ鴤о·˰
ܣԨ˲۵ľ飬ˣϽ
˹ͷľҪ֮ʱԭԺ㶨ٶƶĺ֪ƺǷʲôͻȻȻٽȫ˽ȥ
һڵľצ˺ֱӽͷϣ༦һ˽ȥ
ȫѹ˹±֮ɫ˵ֻռƱԼѹΪɶҪץԼ
һͬŵҹ¶һ۱飬Ÿոջأծÿ졭

ҵתͬʱˤ˵ϣˤһ
˹£ҹ·ϣպסĹؼλãû߹⡣
κĵһѨС
һֻѪ׬̲ĺСɴ۾ˣԪʱ䶼û˿ʱ⻮ۡ
û뵽㾹Ȼְá
ſ˹ϵҹ˸ƱһѸվɫ
Ӵҵ
˹ԼŤžҪվһ˲֮µӡ
ҪҿʲôĶҾͰ
Ųû˿رܵ˼СϷһȤЦ¶СֻҹСȴŹġ
ҹһŽ˹²ſ˵棬Ҫлң׷档
һŲ˵˹ҲͻȻ֮ǰʲô
˵öû˿вУȴĪĵ׷䣬ʥ귢æŪ˵㶫ԼĹؼλȻѸɻװ
վǰǺƻУһƾ͵С򣬶ͷҲð˺ˮ
ô£ô
ԼѾмֵƷˣɶԷƫƫûߣһߣˣ
˹ΪһʥҲʶٴεͶӰ鱾ȴǴδ
̸λħλoǺĿǰ㷺Ĺ֮ͬεΰڣ
¶Էû˿ڱ֣û˿ѹȣû˿ѹֻҪվڶԷǰĪԼͷȻȻĸһɾ޴ѹ
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λoĿ𣿣ʲôû
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ΪʥλѾӵħԻʸֻǴʱⶼǳԵĶͶӰ
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Ź˹۽⿴ҹȻûͬԼıʾصĳӣҪԴ
ĵҲЩ˵С㲻ȻڵԨܹüӳɣǿ󣬵ַ־ܰĴڣȴҲҪͷа
ûӦ˹ðʥλ־ݵҹԺ
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ں˼ţӦζһٵҹ˹һѣҲӲͷƤЦ˵
»һĿɰ
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473 ͷ
˹ʱɸе춼ˣ
ӵСӾȻϷ顣
һȥԷʹ
ô룬˼ǰǺûˣ϶ʲô²ŻݣתͶԨ
Ҫô£ŻѡԸԼħ
ƫƫСȴĺĺƺԷѵݺǧʥλܣվҪڴˣ˱
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áááôû㻹ô۹⣬ˣʵ״ǸոտʼŻģ
ŵõ˱ƺģôƺԸȻûзı䣬СԴҹֹ
ΪһǺ͵͵βҹһ·ʲôÿĲÿĶ˺Ŀҹع飬Ȼ״Ǹʲôˡ
ͨʵжϣԷӦǸոջعûãôԨ
һ׼˵ʲô˹ȴȫӲǰɣʶ
˵ʥλܻͬԻʸ񣬿Ҳ̫˰ɣУδʲôⲻʥλϵļһԼôܻвʶģ
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ҹ˵֮ǰûöλС԰˵ﶼǧ壬ȴǲûжٸҡ
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ʱȻˣҹˣԴЦ˵
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СԻԼռˣġ
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ʲô취ô
ʲô˲ҹСʵ
ǸԼһԼôҿȡ
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ѽҧҡ
ͻȻһ½СֳİţָϵӡС϶Ǿᡣ
ҹɳ˳飬ԼĹϵԼʦʱСԻ֪ûͻƵʥλܹҧӡӦʥλ˰ɣǶ˶ˣžҪһζɡ
Ժ˼һҹҲٴολС
е鷳ģԼ͵֮Լ໥ܹ־ѡ񣬲ǲˣ֮ڳΪ֮ǰɾһλǿĹߣڽùȻǵӦ֡
СҡͷԵ˵ҹĵ״󾪡
ѹԨ͹Щƣֻȫ˳ӦΪԨħѧϰû뵽֮ȻһλǿĹ
ǹеͽɣҲѹְڷӡǹЩϱˡ
еӦе֮ԲٿأſܽɵģλѣԵkӦúҪ
СҹСҲЩΣ
Ҳ˵ԵkҪkѣʲôףңҵֱһ׼ȷġ
Ҫ㣬Ҫøǿ
ƺҪҹǹԼ鿴һΣС񣬿ҹͷƤһ飬ּۿͳһŲСϡ
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뿪ҲǲС
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ܳҡ
У˵˶ٴˣͨķǡǡܳƬƬòãҪ˵ôĻ
ǰھ帹Ҳɹµҹɷ˷ۡ
˼𣿡
ҧͷ޹С񣬿û˷侲һҪ侲̰



474 ķ
һرĻɽðỤ̃ƺ緢һ㣬ɽ޾˴˵ء
գӰȴǴӻɽһܶ
֮ǰԨеҹ˹
λĹ»ǷˣǾĻҲûɶʵҹƬѣÿһƬÿһƬҪϸɾ
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صҹƽˤ˹Ҳǲϵĳ鴤
ǣһðҲʥ徭ĥˤһˤν
ҵֱӵı㣬Լƽ鶼ʡˣֱ˺˳
ĽЩ½ʥλϿ
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ΪԼפصİķ֮ǽҲ޶ܾӵһͳһĴ塣
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Ϊۣ岻Ϲ涨ۼء
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ҪйʱɨͨʥλǲˣӦûڻǡ
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ǰ߸Ϲһʱ䣬ôõķ󣬶ҲµĿ
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ʵҲܺðϾǶǴνķ˹ģˣġ
ҹȷǿеһʯȫȫȱλߵᡣ
˵Ҳǣȱľʱ䣬Ҳݣǿ𣬶ľҲаġ
˹ЩпܹľΣϵļûʲôá
˹ڴдȥգһž޴Ĺľ֮ǰҹҲԼеһռ䲨
ǡԪڣ
ҹЩ˵˵ؼңΪǻʲôطڿȻһԪҲˣҲֵֻطܹڵ㡣
ȻڲȫΪѹռ䣬ôܹɽǣƽˤ
һС͵ĴԪ磬ոյɣҷʱˣִԪҲǧꡣ
˹һƽ˵ҹĻȻЩϼһʱԲϰڶԷǧꡱܹáҲ͡ݡ
˹ͳһħƷǰĹҲŤγһʹСͨ롣
뵽ڲҹҲЩķ֣Ļкõö࣬ƺƴȻܹ赽⣬Ӷܽм򵥵ĸ֡
һСʹһ˼ң
Щ¾ǺʿͬЭ֮ġڻˣЭıԶһ
˹ʥλȷǲһ
ʥλ˼άģʽٻ˿ڣȫһ֣ܱķʽǣὫҲһȨʧ
Ͼʥλݣӻٻ˿ڣҲ̫̭ʥλˣ˹ȴƺ⡣
ǲ֪ҵݣֻһλͨǿߣ𴩰ˡ
˹ҹҹҲɵ˵ͷ
峤ˣ
峤ˡ
峤˰
峤˭µľ𣬺ÿС

˹С൱֮ߣһ־ͻ˴ĵʺ
Ҳܴӣһڵӡ
ڰķϵ˵ܹҵһƽܵĵطѾǴˡ
ܳԱ㲻õΣһҸ


475 ׷
塢峤
һɫԱλ˽ֹʥҹ˹ĸо
ʥλ峤ǰȻ·ߵĴ峤NPC
Ѿɹɵҩˣʱûʲôɡ
˹Щʵְҵ׶ĴȴȫУǵкһһӦѯʡ
Ĳɵҩˣ̫ˣоˣʱǶӷԸûԣһֱڴŵġ
һָųֵϼ룬װ翴ȥʵͽ꺺ӵĴһϲ֮ɫ
ҹҲˣ˹ԽԨȡԨǣȻΪһλֱٴˢҹʶг˸ж
ģһκġ
ֻǽ˹ĻȴҹЩˣˣ
(ڣ)
ҹֺһֻٹĸо
˵ϸͨ𣿸ոʶģ
ҹЩȵζ̽Եþѯʵ
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˹һĸп֮ɫһҪ֯ҵļ顣
Ҵδ˺޳֮ˡ
˹˵׽ٴλˣѹ˵ů̬
ÿһζҪӡһλһλԼǰָд»൱ܡ
ڶܹȢӣҲ㹻ĵǿˡ
⡭
Լѡ񡭡
ǲ֪ǰûãµò֪ʲôˡ
ҹԴܵ־񹥻Ӷǻ֮Уجج˹һͨ񷿡
ոߵſھܹŵƮһҩζֻĸԺεЩʺȳζ
λʥλľ
Ϊ˼ҵӣҹҲûȥóóȻӦʲôһͬݣǴ̬԰ףһеŮӡ
˹ҲųЦݡ
ͺãλǣ
λ·һλѣҩİæ˳ġ
˹Ϲ͵Цݣò˵ʥλ۹⻹ǵ꣬ȻܴѰ˼ҵŮϻϢȣƺϵļ
ʵֻҪ߾ͿˣûҪȥǿЩƮ޵ҩֻǼƭ˵ġ
ֻǶҹ˵ͷʾӭ˱㿪ʼĶҹιһһڡ

ŮǸ鷳
˵㲻κô
ҹЩĴٯٯԼΪˡ
ޣ㣬ȳԵҩȶһ£һֵʱȥһλҽһ¡
ҹôһѣ˹ҲСͳԨǣһڣȡһֻС뽫ճ趼˵ǰ
Уô˷ѵģøҡ
ûһСͺǣ˵ԨǵԣֱӿҩЧôŪֻ뽫κþ͹ˣȫ˷ѣ
ӻϵȱݣǼ򵥣Ϊ챡ĹϵԺǿҼӹһµĻûԾĿԺܴ󡣡
ҹϣһ߳ųȥһû˵
ȻһֱҲ̫Ը⣬ϲݵ˽ֹʥپôһܰ쵽ġ
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ҡҡϵĲϣҹǷ˳ʼԼҩͿʼֱ
ȻҪԼӲϣǮ
ֱҹһͷԹһҩŲϡ

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󷽵в֦ҶĶƺǱ׷һ㡣
УȺᵽζѲˣ
󲻶Ƚ׷ϣеһӰ˾˵
ΪûԼڵĳԱЩūץ³
Ϊ˲鷳ѡӴܣû뵽ȻǱ׷ˡ
һǷֿһ·Ѿ̫Ķѳʧˡ
ӳ㲻Ҫˣ߰ɣֻʽְҵʵӳ׷㶼û취ˣ
˵һ˶ǰ·֮Ȱ˵
죬ȻǳҾ;ԽӺ󣬾أȻҲϲǣвǵˣ˲ȥǵĵ̡
ǰ󷽶ǿпһ·ȫӣ侲ȵ˵ƺ֮Ѿ˲úʹ㣬Ǵϵ
ڴʱǰһ󶶶ȴǽ˶ŵþʲôʱסƬ̾ʲôˣ
ǿǲľļӰȴǱһ£Ȼ࣬оȻࣿ
ҲǳԱڻĽҰ𣬿Ҫˡ


476 Ϊ
סİףʲôˡ
峤ԵԻո뿪ؾûãͿǰλѶࡣ
ϴЩѯʵ
ȻΪⲿѹķ½ҪŽ֮࣬Ĳޣڶԣκʱס
Ͻ취ܶܣ˲ūӣ
·֮ϸ˵æ˵ص㣬λԻͷ漴һ˵
ȥܡ
ۡ
ˣϡ
ӵԻҲȵ̷ִֹͷɵһֻǰ·
΢ͣһº󣬱ҧˡ
ԷӦһղŻѾѡ
Ѹǹ֮ǰѾԼ˻Ľ˹λѾؾͨں˵ɴ۾̤˽ȥ
˻һۺҲæ˽ȥʲôڸ𣬻ȥܶ׷ء
ͨպϣ˫Ϣ
ԭԪ죬һЩѰĲūܹġ
˽뵽֮ͨ󣬲ԶһϣɫŤ仯һӵбɫѪͳ˫ĿĿǰĹǰϵĦ
ֲͷ³ܵζ
û뵽Ȼֵطôǵͼūܹռеģ
۾һĹתӰٴεȥһŤĿϵƶϢҪ㱨ȥ
ˡ

ףôͻˣǣ
Իż˽ѣֵĴҲΧ˹
ѵ񣬱ū׷ȶ㡣
ԻϵҶ͵˵
һֱ˹ı£ĴҲԸӴӣĴ󻷾֮ĻǺͽܵġ
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ܵɺܱʿֱŸɵ
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ԷչʾɲǣѾڲ֮أ
鷳ˣ
ķ࡭
Ҫˣ


481 
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ѵΪˣ޵𣡾ķʥΪ𣡡
Ϊ߸ϵʥλһ¶˵ô໰Ѿ˵ˣ˵ŲҪȴܳʵ
˱ȷҲĶ֮ˣȶʥȴҲ׽ҹԴ
ʥλվʥλ
ڿԴľͬʱȴҲĪ˿
ãȻ⣬ôⷶΧ֮ڣ޷ǵõĳܹӶ֮ѡ
ȷѰ죬ԶԷܹܷΧڣһλְҵףͻȻĳʥɱͬԽĨɱǷ֮䡣
ĳλʦõʥͬ޵УȴҲˡ
Է֪ʲôʺˣõȴҲֻǰ׶γӢۣʥλԶԶﲻǰֲΣֻκΣҪĲʥλӰ죡
вң
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һʱ䵽ߵĻȻ˵ˣĬòǼָƽ˵
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ֻ⿴Ļ֮£ȴʥ˸ƺĶҪͻʥλ
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ֻǰ಻ͬûʥλûܵȴܱӽʥλϢ̫£Ҳ̫ƽˣ
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ʥλļȴҲȲѰʦ˼̫׿ˡ
ʥȴˣͷβȴˣոճֵʱоɾȻûз˿ƾ֮Էͷ뿪ˣ
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ѽ̫ˡ
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ҹǻĳŶԷһָٶȺʵ΢İ׶ܹܵõܹзӦʱ䡣
Ҳ˷ŹңҸԸţԺ󲻸ˣˣŹҰ
ȫӳ˹һִȰȫҪЩ¾ܹĺģڵСѾȡϣԣλ˺ʴȣϣ
һ˵ţһ߲ͷأһƬѪģ
κΣǵһָȴû˿ĳɣͣ٣˱ͻȻӲ漴类ˮһ
ԭߴ壬ͻȻŹͷ춯ŤСȫѹһź֮С
Щǲ֮
ֽһ˽ҹɫҲԵЩ䡣
йʱڹħͽҲǣʱսʹҲǣʮǰɵºͷҲǣҲǣ̻Ҳǣ
κʱȱĴڣԼû취סˣΨԼܼķΧˡ
ԼҪ֪ԽĺߣǻḶ۵ģ
ȻûɷƲãǾƲã


482 ʵ
ΰ£ʥλȻҺҳֵôá
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ǲǱƵ̫ˣԴʼͿˣ
٣˽ֹʥȻϡ
ҹҲǺĻشԷһ䣬ϲļһͲܸɫ

˦˦ԴԼƽ˹ʵ
ʵֳܵ˾߲һְҵͨˣôܹ˽ֲε飬඼¶ֻ֪һǿ
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˵ܹƾһ֮ȰķʥЭԼ
ȻȥȰ˳ȰһǣΪˡ
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˭˵ʶǰչСܵġ
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٣˵ࡣ

İУҹҲ̧ܵľƴһһԷͧԭĴ񣬻֮ǰѹļ˶ϣ˹ָ·Űķ֮ǽȥ

ԭһ˵Ĺģһ·ɹڼִĿĵصʱȴѾٶˡ
ҹûصؿȥѰ񣬵·˳ģȴҲôˡ
Ȼ·ˣû취ӣԱߵ˹Щֵֹġ
ԼƵľٶΪԼºͷ׻켣һ𣬿û뵽ǰλ͸ѣȴҲˣһ㶼ûλӦеᡣ
ڲ֪ǲʥҹϢɢ˳ȥҹһ·Ȼ˲ˣȴûʲô鷳
һ·϶ƽ¡
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ֻҹǺΰĽо޴ҪγɵĳǰУԼǽİ߲ۼ
ȴ˸ӵɫ
Ȼ⻷ı˼࣬ζ仯

ǰҪ
ķ֮ǽҪ֮ġ
ҹܹķ֮ǽ⣬ǴƬƽԭľ޴ݡ
ȻҪôˮҪôѾγɵ͹ȣЩЩۼ
ʣǵԼһгǶµĺۼ
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ǧȴѾ˷ǡ
ǰķ֮ǽĿǰڰķ½һۼأȴ˿ڲܳʮ򡭡
˹ǺΰǽҲ֮ɫ
ǰԭֻһСġ
Ҫ
˹ҪΪҹһ£ŪŪԼʥԨ֪ʶû˵꣬ҹȻĵĿڲȫҲɳһ˿ȡ
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ڱǧ꣬Ҫ
ҹЩֻ꣬˵ġʧܡһбѾܹк̸ˣΪĳȵӶ֮һ̯ӡ
ڿҪû䣬ҲеԼĹͰɡ
ѾݵʯӣҹЩ廳
󣬱ǲü˵
ôﻹҪ̲飿
ţҪ˿ѾԼõģŰķΪ룬ʿСҲȻҪЭġ
˹ȻʵȲ󣬵ƺΪСҲûʲô
˻䣬мֻӥ˼ٷ˷ͧ
ڰķ֮ǽԱˣǡ
롣
ҹ䣬еӥ˱ʲôʥּһ㣬ȫ޷жɢ˾ֵɫ
ؾ˺ƵģȻ֮ǰѾƻˣƻһ㣬Ҳûʲôɡ
磬Ҫķʥͷġ
ƴһԷͧڰķ֮ǽ½ĳǰ֮࣬˲پĲĿ
ܹѾǺˣеľҲףڴ˴
ūɢڰķ֮ǽܣרžǵȴЩͼġڻ
ȫ֪ǰЩͨǵģϣҲܷɵء
ֻǲΣЩ嶼ҽǾǣǺʿ˵ĵɱκԽ壡
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ӦǰȫˣЩһﲻҽСӵȷˢӣȥһ棬ȴǽȥɣģӾҲҡ
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˵ǰɣʶȻȥûòġ
ʶɣΪĴ̫С۲ǡ
뵱һУԷܴȥսʱ䣬ҹЦҲЩΡ
ţˣǿ֮һ϶ؿ
ӵλãҹ˲ٶȥԭֻһӰ


483 С
ôҲǰݷôǿߣҹҲûиȥһӪصſڡ
δ˵ݷõĻһȫװ°г˵
Ӫصأ˱ܡ
˿ĸ飬һ˿
ȻְֻҵףȴҹܵһϤϢһǿϴδϢ
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ֻڽʱڣڰķ֮ǽǰҪ֮ǰʿϳֹ
ְҵԱ嶼ռݾԵƣȫǿżܹ⣬ܹӱ
ֻǣڱϱǾսľ꼹㱻ϣ֮ʧڲֵĻìܣҹԴԺְҵǣαɢ¡
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ֻҪΪӣȫʮٱģ
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ȻЭˣλʿȴûзڵȴŻôȴูص֧Ԯ̯ô
ǣ̻ʰѳŸشƣǾɡ
ͷͷ˲佫ʿĿ㶼Ƶ˳ʵֻǹȥ˲䣬ҹϹº͵Цݣݳһơ
뽫תʿˣҵġ
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վǹıȻ񵫾ȴ൱ǽӹҹǿӲ鿴
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˶Щɻʱҹȴ¶ЦݣվǴ˰ӦͷԼˡ
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ЩɻΪʱһģľʿС˹ͬʱָ
ԭɻνͷ𺳣ľͻǶܵ£ɾ
˵˵ͷʾºҹǲӪڣǴǰȥ
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ˣ
Ǿͬһ
վأһһէĸɶɶˡ
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Ǻʿʼӵƣ

˲ɾþ󶼳Ĭȥ⣬Ǻηʥ

һ·ϣӪصĲ÷뵱൱֮ҹҲеһ꣬Լԣʱ㲻Ϲ˶á
ڹ˵ȴѾǧʱ⡣
һ·ӦָĹϵһ·ͨ裬һǱ֮ǰոҹ͸ܵ˳ǱŨԼǱϳմȾϸС
ǱûʲôħϣҲûʲôħ磬ʥλڵľסһȴȻǱȾһʥεĴڡ
˧ҵȴ¸¹ǰ
˳Ǳٲٴεͷ˵
ֻҹое㲻ס
ң
Ǵ˧ÿ̶еʱ䡣
Ŷȥɡ
һʯŴʯ޷ԶĻ򿪣ٱǶҹһơ
ҹԴҲûн飬ֱ̤Уʯֻرա

һһеĹռҹҲڵ뿴ǵϤӰ
ѵ¶·ļ⣬ڻŸֶÿһ˺ظУȥȫʥλϰ̴ͨǵĶҲʹˡ
վսôòȴҲûзĸı䡣
ӲҪ˵ıĵطֻǲûͷţȴһһԼе˼ѹֵѹ
˫ʵϵľԲɵġ

ҲԼʮȫλģȴȫߵˡ
ƺǸܵҹ
ѵµĹڳһȫⶼ͹ԵµPOSS漴ͷҲط䵭
˵ɣѡʲô
һ˵ţһ߻˸˼ߵĶӣԭܵȫٴǸӰЩغ
С۰ǰһô
ҹһ۵ı飬֪λش𡭡
˵ǸʹͭʹټŶ
ڴʱһȴҹĪе±ƣ
һֻССɿķ˶СǴҹ
ǴʵĴ۾ĶҹһҪı顣
ԲۣһֻȰŻҪСţݼأòƹǩԼҲѾǧˣ壬Ȼһ塣
Сһ㲻ҹᣬٴ˵
ôһɺζ˱ǡ
ҹҲֻͷĲǣʲôǣôС±һ


484 ȡ
ŶѽŶѽ˲ˣȻͬͭйϵҺú°
һȭͷ꣡꣡ĿһЦݵĳҹ˹
ñһ±С˵ҹһ¾ͷƤը
ȵȣҪʲôҪ
һ޷ܵȭ䵽ؿڣҹҲ˶߻ص
þòˣӭ
űײ֮ĴУҹĵҲһůͬؾһȭ
㱻ˡ
ǰ۸ҡ
ǧʱĸңһȭҲɢƺٴλص˵ְҵС˱ƵĻġ
ǰʥ״ˣ˵ƻˣû׷ҵһѡ
ڻաά֮ͻʥλʱֱ̻ð³˼쳣֮ϣҪǹֽΧûô򵥡
͸£ҲûͻƵʥλҺΡ
ҹһν˵
ƺ˵ʯ֧ĿֲɢҲɳ˳顣
ǰֻҪߣǵȷû̫ķֶΣҪעȵİա
˽⣬˵һֱɸù̻СŰжٱʥλزϡ
ҹЩ̾Ϣɧ䡣
ҹĻҲЩ̾Ϣ
Լһˣǹ̻ȻĹ֣վǻ⵽ĴӣϾ帲û˿ô
ԺܶʱҲֻѡЭ
һӴֳһֻԼС̣ǰȻԿʹʥλԽԽ࣬Ȼȫ·硣
һλ飬⡣
ˣЩĹƨ¶˵ˣ˵˵ķɣʥ
ҹżɽ˵ǰȻǸȣһݿǴܣ֮ǰ˹ڵһЩʥ飬Ȼܹһ
ʥôϢųȥѹٺܶࡣ
ŵ˵ͷʾ֧֣ʥλƣ˵ҹĳʥе岻̫еģɾʥλϼԶԶڵըвС
ԣԴΪӦýķϵ˶ϵһ𡣡
ҹ֣ص˵ŽķϵѾ൱΢ɢԶɫ
ΪҲ̫ˣҪķҲ廥೶ƤǴǵĽͣһϵƣȻᴮһ
̾˿µӰ̫ˡ
˭Ծҧǡ
ԱСĲǿֲ´
ȻҪмɿҵĳ֣ǱȻ̸еģʱ򡭡
ҹ漴̸ͬԼĴȻԼһܴĳ룬ûйڰķ壬Էȫġ
ԼļƻҲҪõͬ

һɽ֮ڣ֮ʥλ־ŰƬضλü⡣
ǱѵҪϸ˵ܸκλᡣ
ԹһοٳԵڶˡ
Ǿװ޺Ǹ̬֮ǿʲô
ûҪϰķ
ǸֵʦӦô졣
֪Ūֲα
̽ȡǿȣʵҵȲΣ޵ģʥǲ
ؼǱߴϢʥҪӵʱ̣Ǻʿıӻѵǿ𡣡
Ǿͱʥ
ԣͬⲿһͷķͳ͡
ԣҲ׼
ʥ󣬷ûвˡ
ʥѶȴҶ֪һʧûΪʥô졣




ǾͰ
ķʥҲ൱ĳͻĦʥһİʥϢݹȴҲͬ顣
ʱ˻֮ìܣʼͬ۹ͬʩѹ
յİ֮ôӶΪ
һ޷ģְҵҲֵ壬ںڣȴһǹǿʦʥλͬһİ
Ҫһпܡ
գ˫֮伸γƤֵĽڳ¯ˣʥλѹҹʥɾʥλͲϧۼ彫ϳķࡣ
˳ʥ⵹ʷǰĶԷɾͰʥʥʾĳ̶ֳϻṩ
ֱǱȱɾʥλҪġ
вҹҲѡˡЭ漴ҪԼɾʥλҪһƬ徻֮أԼҪʦԼӻΧ֮ڣԼأ
Ȼҹе壬ķʥȴҲմӦ޷ǾǶһķ֮ǽѡ
˶Էܽ
ĿǰؼĻҪԷЭ
ԴҹҲڴӦԼɵԼ֮ȻɵµĹҪ½ʲô

һɽ֮ڣһɫӰϵӴţϲŵļʸıܣ˿ڲϵ˺ѡ
Դˣȴû˿ͣٺͳɣɽ֮ĺ
ūӷˣҿܣ
˲ɽ֮еĻңֻǵǷɽ֮ĶȴҲķּͨȫˡ
·ѾΪΨһĳ·ֻɱһѪ·ֻǲūӵȷ棬ǵԮû֮ǰɱȥͿ
˵ص䣬һרҵ׵Ķӣʱ赽ɽְҵǿǻһãӦ֮
ɽ֮⣬һħվڸߴǰҲЦ
ΣǷһ˲õıأʮ˹ģūǶһʲƸ
ַ棬ԶԶ˱壬ūֵ൱ߡ
죬ҷ֮գ
ȫǶǵĲƸҲǵ
´һֻֻħսʿж̰Ѫ


485 ϣ
죬Ŀ̫ˣ
һɽҰֵľħг˷ߺ
һħֻɽбʮ֮һս˵ŴȴռݾԵơ
Ѿ̫ˣһѪ·һս飬ͬҳ壡
ӵרҵ׵ʵٷκһۼУܻþصĵλΪЩڻΪЩȴЩϷݡ
ڴˣܲϻ۶ǡ
ȻҲΪԽԽ࣬⼫ΪεɽҲѾ޷Ϊṩӻ
ԼǣԼ̫ѶˣԱ֮ͲӦüˣ

ЩģūץˣԼȴİ
ŶԼ𣬴ԼΣŶδһ˿ϣ
Ҳרҵ״еĳǿʵ
ȻūӶǾϸѡְҵױͣȴΪͷĺģսĸ£ӲһѪ·
һ·ǲ֫ϱۣʬҰ
ֻǳԤƵĺǵƽٶȣڹᴩ֮ǰͿ϶ᱻΧ
ǣԭصһɱһɱ׬ˣ
ͻΧҲ¶һĸ״ˣԼ߲ˣҪˡ
ȼպģҲˣ
ߣūҷ
һϮȼպĺȫһȻƵѪɡ
ڿдһѪ
˺֮ǿľѹȵԱ߼˶˳ȥ
ꡫ
ɽʯڷײ˾̮Сɽ嶼һ޴Ĺѡ
һֱǱڰľħūǳˣһ־ֱӽǿսϳ
ʦ׾ħ
һ˲䣬ͷ˾֮ɫȼպǿ״̬ٱһˣ״˹ļδãȻ
һֱ̲ȵڲųֵľħʦʱҲһթܺãԼȵڣǵľ֧Ϻ󣬶Ժūܹ𵽾޴İ
ڣֹͣɱ¾׽ǣɶǻǵĲƲ
´ħūӵҲ󻶺
Ȼūķ˵С鷳յĴȴȫֵõģץס֮ǰܲϵΪ崴Ƹķʮūȫܹγһū䷱Ϣȥ
ǳԶȥ޾Ʋ
ڴʱһȥе
Ǿѡˣλûɡ
ߡסĳŵǼʿս鶼ס㣡
ڿײ˸֮󣬵еˣ໹ǾħȴͻȻе˼ϳֵĳѹ
Ī˵Ƴɱܵ˾޴ʵԽǿܵӳɾԽ
ʼǲһľħʦ˿á
رʯӶΪ޴ѹȲϵĻζ
ж˶¡
˶Ϊѹ޷̧ͷȫ֪ʲô໹ǾħܵĵĿ־塣
ֻܷƺһƬƬŽëѩһ㣬óλöΨ
漴һŲɿ֮ɽлص
֮ڣ徻
ƽȻͺڳʲôʵһ㣬һ⼴Ȼɢ
ͷصȻһᣬеľħūϵȴɼӱƺȫֵһ㣡
һΰ嫵ȼպĵ౻ǿϨӲӹŹ˻
ͻȻ䣬ɽĵ棬ƺܵĳ־޴ѹȣǿѹһľ޿ڣĵ涼ΪȻѹȱüӲʯ顣
漴޴ʯƴľһǿʼѿĵػ֮Уһ״ṹϵƴγһ׸ߵİɫ
һ͹Եòϵı仯һ
һɴšܡͻԸɢ
Щԭ;޴ħԵʯ̼֮͸һɫĹԣʧȥƴӵĺۼ
ô̵ʱ䣬һɢʥϢĹ֮εضһС
жͬʱһҫ֮أľ
ĵٵĲūӣֻҪܵõõıӻ
ԸΪģһȦɢɽеĻľӭũﶼѸٴ죬ϵ˲ʹƺһա
ֻ㶳ԳԵĿʥĸ
оħūôȻǵĿūģôΪūɡ
Ȼǿʼǵ£һ˲޷ľħϣһԵūȦ
룡ǡ
ӵľħܵѹһ̿׼ڳ̨Ȼδ£ǾԲͷ­Ѫ
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һӰڸ֮ϣĸ·һ˲壬Ӱ
ǵ㼯ҹҲףƺһõĿͷ
һʦڵԼ˵ȴǲ̫ҪҿͻʥλԼרŲϵǿ󣬿γף
ǰһֻϴһ׶ѡ
ͻƵʥλ˵ģصʩѹҵġ
ô죬Ҳܾ
ҹϣֳһЦ⡭


486 С
Ȼǵʥʥգһħʥɫķŭ
ūҵĲ壡ѵǱʱӦҪ澯
˶ѣνˡ
һʥˡ
֪˴֮ӦвСĿܡ
ʥ֮أһŵʧˣ˭𣡡

ķʥ˵ڶͨһµģڳ˸ʦȴҲûԸⴥùͷһеȵԷɾʥλ֮ܵ󲻸ã
˶ѣֲԼĲ壬ûҪš
ʥλԣ¾ǱķףҲһֶѡ
ǾħʥҲ̫ˣֻ̫飬õʥλİο̨ºҲһ˵
ڰķཨ˷ʦĪҪڶڴˣ
Ҹҵļ⣬ڽ뿪Ƭ򡣡
һǴкˣ˵Ǹĳλʥȥ鷲ĥľ
ô졣
ʱһֻһҲð죬ֻкʿҲð죬һȴǲԵġ
ǰ֮ھ
ţĶԳʥаҲá
顣
顣
ռ˸־ײȻɢȥ

һڻĮ֮Уһλƾɶߣһֲٶǰͽ
ջɳ裬رȵ䣬رĿʾŤ
ͷϵĶڱŷɳҵӰУһ˫쳣ܰǿ
֮ѾһҲһԸΪѹ֮ϴӣɢɵķ磬ϣԸŷ
ǵʦһ۹ʥʽֻǵĿҲһ׶ѣϧԼס
ȻˣǣȻҪʦ
ǲ֪ΣסҪԼѸٳʥһҲʸ
һһֿɮװͽҹҲЩ
˹ȻƼԼô£ҲͬȴҲȻǵɡ
λ˽ֹʥվǹˣһȹǶϵĴڡ
ʥλվɷḶ́ԼҲ˿á
ۼأǵô
̧ͷԶеСһ·ͽ𽥳ɹת̬ҹĵһƬƽƺһԹߵĽǶȣ֮Ĺ۲ԼϵĵεΡ
ݡݡ
һСҹ༲۶һƯתһ̤ɳ˶ҹ
˵𣡡
׵ĺǳŷɽĭҹҲ̧ͷǴֿһۡ
۵Ĺ㲻²ū𣬾ۼظĲūˣܹҲá
λû˵ȻȻҲǴһֺġ
лλѵĹģ֪ڻ𡣡
ҹɳƵ˵
ôܻŶӵ˶֪ൽȥˣȻɹȽȥɣвūӽСĻҪͨģʱõͺá
λ˸к󣬱Ƕҹ֡
ҴȥȻûĵӻҪòٵġ
ҹڶԷİǰƥĵСڸȥ
·ǴֿɤŻͬҹ˵һЩעһһס
ܿ죬СªľƳǽǿȥԵЩưܣżƵĳҲǰ
ſżм˳룬ȥҲ㲻Ϸ
ɼϾƤ׵ʿţԱȴһϹ۲Ž
ſ˵ĳ򣬲Ǹģûн˵ζסڻܻȥģҪ¶ɫ
һֱϴҹССҲǿһۣûʲôʾ
ǵʿЭй涨֮ڵС򣬳ȷǺڻ岻ٴ¡
С˿ǲģʱʱ̶̿ɱħ޻ʰģ˿һֱѼ㣬ֻиţһĻѷֻ֣ܿŲϵϤС

С֣˿ڹģ޶ʮ֮˿ںɽȲ࣬ģ̶ȴر
˵ҲСģڰķҹΪӽۼصĵطķ֮ǽ˿Ǹ࣬Ǳȫľ»
ֵȥЩưܣ涼ЩҶȴǲ̷ͣҲ١
˵ȴ֡
ƥ룬ڽֵϻǳ˼壬Ҫ˺;ħΪ
ЩǴģп϶Ҳαװĳ򣬲µĻҲܰôϾҪǻͨޣ˵Ҳ˵ˣףˡ
ҹһеưܵĿշǰҹʹ˸ɫû˵ģʹá
ļªշҲв٣ȴҲɡ
ллҲףˡ
ҹǷǷʾлף˵ڤڤһε˿߱ǻγף
ܰҲ͵ˣôԼˣټ
תͷٴλͷ·ҹɵСƷȴҲûж⣬ֱӴŰ˽ȥ
ʮ˰Ҳڶѡɡ
һ޻˵һҲľĴ
ȷ˹˵Լٶ̫죬ȱֳ
ʥ֮·˿ã
ְҵȻҽΪУҽ׵õְҵ֮һˣҲ׽ӴɫɫȺҲԼϱаɡ


487 
λòôɫˮʧأһĺˮҲǻǣˣȰķҲҸġ
ΪٵĲūӵɧţҪСн׶ñ
еǻۣԭϼӹɳƷ彻ԴСϵҪǲѡ
峿ӶҫΪСĽһɫ
֨
ŸһǵϾľſһλũҸ˴꽡ʣιʳԺеĸóҪɹ
һ۶ԼҲƾɵİݻŷţҲҡҡͷ
ڵ˰ǲ֪ϧ֮׵ӣúõѧһգôܻȥƫƫҪһЩа
һֹţһ߽ú¯ĻҲˡ
ھӣǺԼһᣬʱڵĸǺĵģҪԷزİһѡ
ƼԼѧľգߺԼѧƤա
ƫƫǰ;ҵɣͷ˵ʲôҪҽݵĺ
˵ͷ˶еʲôʹԼȥ˵ģ˭ʲô㰡ҵŹ֡
ʱԼҵ˸Сӣȥʮӡ
һԺҵһƾɵľ׮ʼȭľžž졣
øոֹһĸˣɫ˲
СӣĥЩûõģȵѧ㰢ֵղͷϰʲôãųȥʰ𡣡
һţһ߻׼緹̾ġ
ĸ䰡ԼҵôɫսʿôһΪսʿ츳Ǻ
ҲΪԼҶǶԶҲƵ뷨
ĸײϵָţϵĶû˿ĳٻг˾ǿ֮ɫ
ǰҡԴӿһλڱݵ񣬱αװ˵ĲūӷץסξҲûзϰĴ㡣
ԼǱȽ˵ģΪĸǵǼڲڱڻԼһܹ
Լ͸վǣ
浽ʱСû취ֵֹģһжֻܿԼ
Լ˺Լˣ
뵽ߵġڻǾ˻µĶɸѸ˼֡
ɫۼеľֻҪһվܹȽɵʳǵģվ޷崸ġ
Ӫϵһȭʧƫһʹбǳ˼֮ϡ
ͬʱ΢
ҵʹ겻ɫһ䣬ۣˣ
æͣ¶ϸӦֱ۳Ŷһ£һɴ̹ǵʹٴγ֣ʱͷһͨˣѾ˵˽ǡ
ѾϰߵĴ׮ͣ£һֱ߶߶ĸҲ㶣ͷ˶һ̾ǷϵĻǰĵʡ
ӣôˣǲ˵ˡ
ȻһֱǱԹôҲԼĶӣҲЩҡ
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֪Īĸ˶ʱ˿»һˣæǰ鿴ȴֲ֣ϼˣæһ̻ƿͶں
˯ʲô˯ˣϿȥѦҩʦ
ڲ侫˯Ϊһ۴ϺæһӴզզһ󣬻ֳ˼жĳȡ
չ˶ӣȥѦҩʦ
СվʮˣʰĶнϴ˸ʵȺԻмԵ˷мֵʦ
ҲǸ˲öھӵԭ򣬲඼Ѿˣɶⶼȥ֪֪׵ҽôܻ⡣
ⲻҶһ˵׼ҽҽⶼȻ׼һ·ȥˡ
һӣϺǼҴҵĳˣֱ۵죬ջûܺڡ
֨
Ϻ뿪ãǼ䷿ӵľţҲ˿һӰ˳
ɫ׵е֣Ů˻ãȥȫûиɹʲôֻ
ĴҪҰæô
߳ŵҹȻ֪淢ʲôȻѯʵ˵
ΪԼ˿Է˵ֶζƳ㹻ҩЧҩǲȥ
Ȼ뷲̫õԼȴǷվЩ뵱Ȼˡ
ȻҲôҲʿ̴ӵĳʼˮƽһλصеʱǸ߸ϵְҵүˡ
ȫûⷽľ뾭飬Ӵŷ֣˵лҪ࣬Ҫ˶ʡ
ҲŻջ˹ϲң
ˣѾȥѦҩʦˣлл˹ҹС硣
˵ȫСҽվԷһƬ⣬ĴĶ֮࣬ǱȽˡ
ðɣá
ûˣԼҪջ񰡡
гһҹҲо࣬ԼȻȱֳ


488 
Ժ󣬻ǲҪˡ
ͷ˼εƺ󣬳Ƭ̺ȴ̾˿
⻰һһĽ궨סҪ˵Щʲôȴ޷˵ڡ
ԱߵϺĴҲ¶ɫ
˲⣬Ҳʲô֢伸ҩڷˣȬһҰɡ
ķҩЧҲ൱Ч˽ǵ˵һȬѾ㹻֤λҽʵ
ѦϣĲٶ𡣡
գ껹ûסʧ䡣
ʵԼӦҲ׵ģⲢһƵ⣬峤ܵëӪԴϣϰģ˵Щﲹ͹˵ġ
Ѧҩʦվǳ˵ԼѾܽһ׾飬״Ҳжһ˾Ųʮ
ҲѾ弶̴ˣҲҪƽļޣʵ㲻ϰ䣬ƾһҲܹòˣ㸸ĸҪǿ
һҩҩʦһ߰ο˵
걾⣬ĸԴȴ˿һܰҲá
ҩ֧꣬˻ǧлĽѦҩʦͳ˷ţͷĳȰ
ⲻǲ֧㣬Ѧô˵ˣ治ôȥˣһиʲộǸô졣
ĸȰ˵Ҳ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ƿģ֪ģʵҲѾ׼ˣѦ˵û弶̴ӵʵʵҲѾˡ
ƺܹͨ˵ҲǷ㿪ʼ˽æµϺҾߣĴǿʼƤķơ
ǿһգСڱݡ
СĽҲܹõͼħ޵ƤһƤס
ĸʼæµƽʱæֵ꣬ҲΪʱ¿
ͷͿ˶ɹ̫ƺȫƵھӡ
Ƭ̺˹ȥ
ҹС磬㲻ûô
۾ǰһۣҹǲ֪Ūϣҡ˵
ģһЩ
ɽտɲУҪΪԺǰ
ҡͷ˵
λ꣬ҹҲû󷴸УܹܵԷǵΪԼƺЩȸһ㡣
ǰɽǲУⲻûôҲͻһա
ҹͬ˶ԷĻȴûж˼ǻͷһת˵
СӰ֮ǰôŬϰΪɶأ㸸ĸѧѧӹòô𡣡
Ϊתƻ˾ҹ׾ͳ˶Էתעĵطϡ
ҹĻƽձ̫ˣڵѹ֣ȴҲû˵
ҲּͥðռʰĶȥĻǲʺ·ġ
ʰĶӣĸ϶ǲͬģԲһֱУξ̵һЩϰ
ΪʲôҪʵҹСӦܹһǣϾһҸ׶һڡڻСҲһȫ̫ƽ
Է˵˵ۿūӴǰˣҹҡεҲͣ
ɵΪ¼ѾǹˣǵҲˣأó˶Ϊ½䡣
ˣԱڰķ˵ȴҲõ̫ˡ
ǰһСھӶĵΪ־¸УʹϵıԼϵŬɡ
ƹͷˣԲˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҹڿϣ˵
кãҲҪʵˡ
ҿ԰㡭
ҹõȻŵĻ˵һ䣬ľȵ
ţƭӵ񡭡
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á
侲Ҫ侲Ҫ˹Ļ˳Ȼ
ܻľ
ٴνģʽҹҲѯˣԵѣԼģֲҪճԷ
Ǹ𡣡
ȻҹȫţǿƭӵԼĶƭˣȴȻ䶯촽˵
ԭŲٶҹ۾
е˼ȫŰǡ
ƭԼܹϰһô
ִǡ
ȻԣҪ㸸ĸҿɲˣȥɣȥҽҩĸҲŪ
ȻϣҹҲ׼öԷʧ
ͨǼŵҩζҹܹҽȷмˢӵģԷ׵ֶΣЩԼ϶㲻ϵĲҩܹϳҩԣѾˡ
ЩҩԣҲȫƽǷġ
Ϊȼʵ̫ͣѧͽʹãҹҲ֪Щ֣ȻҪԷԼҩˡ
˵νҽҩûУƭҵɫ
ͷҲص뿪ҹСݡ
ûãİҹĲҩ໹١
ҩЩӲݡȻ߱ʲôֵܹҽã϶ҲǸгġ
û˵Ūô࣬Լ⡰ƭӡ⣬ҹϻǸһ˿Ц⡣
ȻˣǣҲͰһѣЩЧȻһ㣬ȫЧüĻֽ׶εĽǻָǴ´ˡ
˵ϵĻҳҹЦŵ
ҩԡõÿϰһΣͲٳֽˣҪ㸸ĸ֪Ŷ


489 ľ
ɱСҼҵˣ㾹Ȼôݶ
һ·񱼵ҹ¸ˣ˫ȶɹ׷ɱԼĴ裬ֱҪ
˵õ͵͵߸ĸأ쵰Сӣ
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Ĵ侲ᣬᣬֻиƫĻָѣ͵͵ϰʲôĺûϵ
һѾ·ҹһƲ˸ɾ
ʲô϶ˣ
ôһ׷ңҿ϶Ҫܵİ
ͣҲ׷ˡ
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(TT)
ƭң
ĺܰȫģƭӣ
ҹСҲҪҴС֣ʵСӲʡİ
ҹһӺĴȴҲûΪҹǰ̾
ΪԸϰأǱվʵڣ弶̴ӵʵҲѾʳ˰ɡ
ҹҲûжʲôǱȰ˵
ӴһʱˣĵҲѾ˽Է̬ͺǰµļҳСȥһΪãǲԺӵδ󣿻ЩģиʵƵġ
ĳͶ룬ѧһճڡ
ҹС磬װ׾ľ֪ǰ϶ǵģȻ֪ǰȴҲҪı˼·
Ĵ̾˿
ǵȻ֪ܹΪ߼̴ӣܹΪְҵүĻܹúܺõĵλ˵ûԴ֧֣֧ˣְҵү𣿶ɱʬĶûС
Ҳҵ˵ĶĴҲʼ߶߶ʵĴ˵뷨ûԼɺͼֻ֣ǽǶϺʶìܺͶײ
Ƿ˵Ҫѡײ
ҹһŴ߶֮ʱһԴϢӰǴӺ׷˹
ҽҩԡ𣿡
ȴϴһϵѦҩʦԭڷֶ͵͵кһô׷˳һߵϺŶȥѦҩʦ߿³ʲô⡣
һŵѦҽʦӶɳˣϴβ鿴ȻŶãȻѾȫˣ
һû£
ʼΪʲô߼ĲҩҩܵǼһҩԡĶⲻԼùļζҩ
ͬĲҩԼҪһܵʱöԷһ²ȬɶԷҩԡȻȬû˿⣡
еĲ࣬Ѧҩʦ͹ˡ
ΪһҩʦСѦҩʦΪ˻ǿԵģڷ󣬵һʱĲǶԷԼ⣬ҪԷһЩɻ
ѦϣҼǲС쵰ôˣ͵͵û˵İɡ
ĴѦҩʦȴҲûͬҹ߶ǽŵʵ
ûûˣϰˡ
Ѧҩʦ˿ڿˮǳʵ˵Ĵ۾Բǰɣô죿
λҽҩúãӵܡ
ѦҩʦȫûΣǲ˵⻰Ĵ۾ɱøӹˡ
ûлѦϵĻϾ˼ҳԷļԼ˿϶ԭġ
ֻû뵽Լ׷ɱ˰С磬ȻҽһǼѦϻҪõҽ
Ҫ֪ѦһӴ඼ƣСλֹȷģҪ۵һżһȻȲǰˣ⡭
һʱ䣬ĴԵЩΣ˼ҺĺԼĺӣԩ˼ҡ
ǸҹСԲסû뵽㼼ôãѹְװ׾ûʲôػһգȻǲõˡ
ײڶܴӣЩλ˺ϹȥҲţҹҲûкͶԷƽϵ˼ЦЦʾ⡣
ôһΣҹҲڸеˣ֪һεҽҲ𽥲죬
ˣͨǸʽģͨӴ˽⣬ҹҲһ˹ǰ㣬ȫ뷲׵ĴУƺԼʹˡ
ƺҲʼе˺ﶬůһеһжƽ
Ƿ˵ӹӹµµҴææĹһӣҲ
ɱ˶ᱦؾֻԼһĶֵء
ʲôʥλֻԼǰ
ʥҪҪɷҪ˽⵽ʲôǷ
ְҵףרҵף
ķˣԶĿ࣬ڱһӹӹµµķףֻǣһеĻʯ
⡭
ҪҵĶôȷ˼


490 ʥǰ֮
뷲ʱʧܿ죬Ѱ˵ʱ䣬ҪΪæµԴҹҲÿﲻĲˡ
ȫҽҵҴҾһʱ⡣
һȫȴԼݣȫȴԼͶܻ֮СܣȫȫΪһ鷲ˡ
Ϊ벡ľŭҲΪƺ˲˶ģΪˡ
ϲŭ֣˼ů
߳ƾɵСݣӱߵĺϮҹɱ´˸˿ڰϵĴ֡
ҹ磬컻һֻѪҸ
Сӣһ߹ޣëëŵ˹
ǻллˣҪȺ
ҹ˴֣ӭ˷ţʱͷȴͻȻһҵְֻ˽ŵ̧һѪӰٵĳҹȻˡ
漴ҹҲ˼ʼӭ˹ȥ
ʲôô˵ôء
һ߼ƣɼǵצˣҹҲüһҩͿĨȥƣһѯ
ˣˣã˹ʳĻǣöزˡ
ͬҲżӵһ׳ɱԹ˵ƺǸоܱ
ȾȼĿסƺҹҲʼԵҩٶȺܿ죬СʱʱͽԷȫͿĨ͵ġ
ԭٵĺҲԵƽ˯ߡ
ҽҽ˸㣬֪Ҫˡ
ͬ˿ڣ΢һµĺӾ˵
ǸҳȥֻҲֻҹ￩
պҩңҹЦеĻһ䡣
Ȼҽ׬ˣ
ʱ֣ȴڳ˵עֻֻͬɫ뿪ǽڻָӰһ˳
ǹĽУҹ̰
ȻҽūǲΪҪ֣ȴôãŲôã
壬ʲôɲǵĵ̣
֮ǰл˵ĺӣæվ˳ǳ⵽ǵʿ¶µıӻ֮֮һԷĵط
ûǵĵ̣ΥأǼǰͶСӣ෽Ų½Ѿȷϣľ񣡡
Ҳ¶˲пɫðҹڵڳ˶ɫ䣬رǱͬҲļˣһ¾֧֧᲻ҳˡ
֮ǰͷĺһҧ׼ȶסˣĵֻ̣ҪסҲ޿κΡ
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СΨһһƹݵУ˽ϵ˶˾ƹݵľƽ֮ڡ
ˣҲǺڻΪڱԱ㣬ץ˵Ļ˷ʧ󣬻Ϊҵڡ
ƽУҲǺüεͻжУصµһӻ
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ڼҶãҪǳ˾鷳ˣԼﵹǰȫžƹϰԼһЩţǲӲġ
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492 
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494 Ľ
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ÿԼյȣᳬԽȣԺģʽʲôģҲ赣ƾԼˡ


495 
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Ѿɹʦҹڰķ½ҲѾһ൱л嵱ƺ֪һλʥλĴڣูǰķ֧Ԯ
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ʱͼڵΪһʱĴѹ࣬嶼ӵʥʱֹͣһжĵȴȵԷʥ

ΪʥλĹϵϱԶأҲӵһĵλ
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Ҳ;һŷҲΪһͬȷڲȴȻһ塣
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497 ˫ܰ
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500 
Ϊ˾Ƹһ¾ȶҹǴ彲һڵ״
άŵÿһΣһνʱȴҲ⼸֮ˣճߵצ⣬ѾάŵǱ߹̽ӳˡ
ΪĹϵһռݾԵƣܹɹִģ߻άŵĳ򶼾ǵС
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Ѿ˫Ĺ̶Ѩ
λӦҲȻǶδǰάŵĽ㣬ʱ֮ʱս֮ǿֱӴ˶ԷͷǵʵҪǱ̽ȥº롣
Ƹȵ˵ҹԺҲ˵ͷǰǴԼ̫֮ǰǴԼмʶģƸҲ˵е
ΪʥλĹϵԼʥλӲȫͣʥλ޷ĹҲǰ
άŵʵǿǿºա
һԴȡӶɿɣܹȡĺôҲᳬ
ƸĴ꣬ͺλȴҲûɶ飬ֻĵ׸Ҳͬԭ
Ϊ֮ǰʹĹϵε಻٣Ҳܷḻһڶʮ⣬һɹɲ뱾ؽܼƽʮȡ
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ʮƽ֣һҲǧ࣬Ϊʵǿλʦֵı϶
ǿѶҲߣѣֱ׬ε׬ˡ
ֻǱ˵ҹȴǱܵĸе˲ף룬ǸĿռ䲼õİǰƸ跢ģӦûɶǡ
֮ԶôߣҲǵĿĻսѣҲ˵ԷΪܻ⵽ʦĸء
ԤкҹȴƸģΪԷո˵ǡһ֡
ȻȴƬλʹƸٴοڵ
ǰһѲ߶ƾʧˣطΧʮ֮ʧٵģλЭ飬϶˽ӣ˭ɻߺϻɶǽһ㡣
ȻԱǰǸʮȷͬԷ˵һ˻򼸸˾ɣջҲ൱ɹۡ
ֻΣԿܻһ㡣
Ƹ軹С񣬶Աǰ˵ȫֵһˣʤڼ򵥰ȫֻǽΪѣʧΪˢһ;
ȻĿǰ˵ȷһΡֻҹĵȴΪЩë
νˣС˵ҲвСĺôûЩ񰡣ʹҲаֶδͳ͹ˣ
ңڸҲӦûȱҩɡ
뵽ҹҲ¶˺һЦݡ
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ҹֵܣϸҲ㣬ǵҩȫܵõƵĹӦȱսƷȴȱ
Ƹһŵ˵
룬ǻҪġ
ҹһ㣬ӴָȡԼҩʹ١һĳŶԷǼ˹ȥ


ҹԼҩ͸ɾȣĥŻҪʹģڿ̶ʡȴˡ
Ƹ١һκ͸ͣˣҩҩЧֻáԲۡıݡ
ɶԷԼǾ˺ʦϢðҩЧԲ۵ҩԼ뿪ǡ
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ݿĴ棬ʵǶϡѵõĻ
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501 ֱ
ڵ֪ʦһʧٺźеȻҲһ󷢰ס
ʵԼǿĶǲûսʦ١
Ұǿ󣬾Ȼûз˿˿죬ھ˽ʧ٣ȫǽԭ츣׬ȫ顣
ҹռܳŪϰ˲ͬʦεʹ⡰ռҲپɱǰε̬
ŵĿޱӣʵܿĸںĵλӦЩ⣬ûɱ
ͻȻ䣬һλԼҪǿʦʧ٣ĵ׳ء
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Ҳ˵ʱĵˣֲܿΣһ¾ЩˣռΪȡɲĪġ
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ëɵɲǣ˶ܵһ޷ļ¸Уⱳľһš
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ҫܵаȫᣬȫڳ˳̬ͺԼף
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ͺܿˣԱһݵģ


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ҹʵҲûʲôҪǰѻҫʹԹ⻯˹ԴƬѡ
ЧȽϼߣ·Ҫɾʥλʦ˵ȴ޼֮޷üֵ
Ϊ˿Ըһдۣ
Աߵڸ⵽ʲô˺ˮ۾ҲȫıˣĶҹƺ޲ýǹһ㡣
ʲôѹȹԼʲôаʲôĶͳͳԺ
ȻаҪջң
ҽջ󣬿ɡ
˵ĵʥλն䣬ǰ۲ţˣ


505 ־
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ҹһĿԼĸ꣬һ䱸ӡ
ʱһߵģҪٿ㣡
еˣǲʲôǹء
˵õأ
ȰǸļһȳɣҲһȵġ
ĸǻԹСҹƺǱĿӦ̧һ˺ռͳһѺۣƺͨĳһռ䡣
漴ֽȥùʦ˳ѾʹϢҹ˳Ӧҵλ²
ֻű°ûãλʦȴһ±˼һ㣬Ϣʧեɡ
ԭһжĻλʹϧѾȫ˿ݹǡ
һְԵȡֶΣ
ȻȳλʱҲΪһֻ
۾˾ȻҹǼ˺λԪ˵ʦҲǿ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǵþˣ֪λʥʹˣҪл
ͬ˽ӴֲֿͳȻ޷֮ʥλΣ
Լû˿ͱ°ߡ
ҪԼȳȻҲֻͬȲβӦĳλʥλʹ־Լ˰ɡ
ֻŸո˵꣬ƸϾ¶˹ɫ
лʥλʹлץ
ѽ˼ˡ
½ȳģлʲôľͲˣǵһȽңʱֱӴӽվĽˣûɡ
ҹЦݱʾ㲻Ҫ⣬ʦݺһ¶һ±֮ɫӲ̧ͷҹ
ʱ͸оؿһʹһȰʦʹ˵ҲСĿˡ
ܹһ֮ʲôġ
ţǺۡ
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һ谵Ŀռ䣬Ȼ˺ѣӰ롣
ˣǰŵİھݵ֮һѾûˡ
ҹ⴦Ļ谵ռ϶ҵİԱߵļ˵
Ѳ߶ʧٵԭӵܼڸ£ǲȡֶγְڣ඼ʱĿռѷΪݵ㡣
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ҹ΢΢ǷǷȴƫƫʹӡǵֱҲ֯ĺòã
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ߣˣСԺҲʵһ㣬ҫô¡
ԵĿǣúųļλǾʵɫ
ǰɣѵʹµͶӰ

ʥλֺΪʥλĹϵʥλżʥȴѾǧ֮ã
λʦʥλܵľ飬ȴδͶӰδ
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еһУһĿȻ޷Ҳ޷Σ


506 Ȧ
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ĸǽʲôǶ
ԷܹΪǰҪάŵҲûоλĿǰ˵ȫҪġ
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ĹɣһҲѾɣһʹ½½ҲѾɾ
Ϊֹҹ׬ݵһˣʹһ½ٺӣ̸̸ôôΣա
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վָӹٳǽͷ׹ɫжء
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ͷת˵Ⱥ
ʱ˲䶼ƺĳֿ񻶵УΪǰǸһֱʧˣ
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ϰ˸߸ӷΪϵʥڰ¹ȥҲһһ쿪ģλӡ
֮Уһա
ԭʥļ̳ҲΪȫ⿪ţȼţɴ˾վ֮ǰʡ
͵İ赸ֶ
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˾ڵأģΪˣϲҲֱֱȥĵ档
ڴʱһ绮գ֮ǰ

񼣳֣ǻֳ߳ոǵȼըԱŮһ
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л˰ѣ´ϵĻҷһ
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֮ǰҹ²ǹƬΪͿģDJһȫյıʦʱоԼˣһҲ߳ˡ

ʱһܡ
ҹվһɽ֮ȫ
ѡĵص㣬ȻϵһϡٵɽûۼأǺϷĻǷǷġ
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Եˡ
֯֯Ů

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ȫûҹıߡ
ͬʱĵĪ͸еȫĵķɣһж޷Լв
̧ͷյĿ·˶ʶƫƫۣԺƽ԰ΣԸʽڴˣһ㡣
֮ڵ壬ʱȴͬʱһ䣬һ־㤵ļ¸иͷڤڤƺһָоԼһԼٹ塭

һʱ䣬ķеʥλĵףͻȻֳһĸо
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˵Աķ̫࣬֡
ֻһ֮أڰķΪƵ֮ء


507 ʥ
޷죡ֱ޷죡
ʲô
Ҫֹ
ʼľһ󡭡
⣬ʶʥλ
Ҫֹһãһ˹

ʥ־˲ͷ
ɽɫһƬŤתƾ־پγ˿µʥŭŭ
ͷҲԶԶٶ˾
ΪƶԷʥԷֶΣڿԷҰľԲֹڴˡ
ʥ֮ǰ˹ģԷǽһĳô򵥣
վʥλܹһʱڼͻ֮ʱȴҲ޷
ҹʱȴ룬ǿ··
ϢƮڴ벻֮䣬Ʈ졣
ǴԸĹ㲻ϳϻۣѰʥƺͬ
һɿµԭʼ򲨶֣ݿƮм¼Ϊ
޶һصͨù
嫣ǳĻƬΣǰ֣һƬҡ
һɳԽʥλӿ𣬱ʥ֮ڡ

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Ӧףǰ㣬ڲҲһġ
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Ȼ֮ˣ
ΪҪˣ
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ǺǡҪᣬҿɲƻʥģֻǽһԿס
һЦ֣һץһɫԼ㱻δֵҩ滽ضһڣ˻С
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ֻҹ׶Էȡʲô
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ӵħʼ㵽Ҫʲôֵʲôˣ
䡫
ҹԭҵĹȫһѾ˳ʥ׶Ρ


508 ʥλ֮
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ǹн绥ܣʥλȻ޷ȫſֽţನĲ㹻ķرϵľų
ֿµĲУһʥλ֮µ޷ӣǿħʥλ̼䶼Ԫ
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˺ʥλܣҲǼɵԸ֮ӲӲΪ㣬¼öԷɳҲĶǿͬѡ
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ڳΪʿ֮ǰķ֯ԼΧҲһˣǧĺƽԼѪȵĸо
ҹȻǿս
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һƬ֮գһ֮ǿ⽻ҵʱ˺˿

ʥλʼյԼĹн磬ʷʫǿ߱ȫ̻ӵгн硣
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ѾȫѪâȸУɫһӿڣȻս϶Ϊһ
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һͽԷȫ涼Լٵں֮ӿѾγһΣһ̾͹ͬʧֻƬղϵŤ˵еĿ¡
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509 
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510 ʷǰĴ
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511 н
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ֱȴٴεõǿ֮Ĳ࣬϶ԷǱģʽ֮µ񡤸ûУͱǿг˳ȥ
վǴ棬һǣһɫԵѹǿнһСƬ
򣬱ںԼǿĻ֮Ϊģⲿƿغǿеò֮Ĳֶ࣬ӦҲ൱õ
һ̣һֻҹץסֽһֱҹһƽ
ꡫ
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ɻδȵȴһקβ泯Լɨ
ĸռսļʱ֣⴦ռ䣬ֻǶԶԷԼѡ
һУͻȻԷı


512 Ե·
ֻǹнûˣ
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⡭
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ȫһһŴΪĵϵҵʯƵСǣͳصĴչ˶Էȫս
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ͬģеķҲ൱ƴͬھĿԺֻܴнֺףվǴ档

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513 
һ𵴵ջһƬʱʱɢɲǴײųֵĻռ䣡
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ǰĻĳɴ඼һңĻܽͼ٣ΪԽԽ滯ֺеĽ״ֻȼ١
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ⲻǸӼܺ𣿣
һȺĿǳı
·ȶˣȻĴֻĿӣ취˵ĴֻѵǸ
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518 Э
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519 ر֮
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һţǰˮǲϵᣬһ֮ǰȫһģһ̬壬ɺˮֱӹʵ
ƺֱӳȡ˴֮еͬԪؽƴգҹϿʼϰ
Ҫǲٴ޴վ٣ǾһǧԳšҪһԼѽ

Ļ˳Ŵ壬ǺҲвϷŴ
ɫֲȴûκκͣĺۼûг֮ԵһƬţɫȫɷȡ
ٿˣûͷٿ͵øǳˣһСϰɣڿ͸¶ˣǰ۰һʱĴ󺣵ŵر֮أ
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Чһʱˮ;ƣƺɡ
󺣵ŵʱһλܹô껹¼¼Կ
ֳµĲƸȻǳ
ѹҪҴ󴬣
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520 
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һ߼̴Լһһְҵǿߣؼ˶壡
һְҵǵǲ廰Ļ
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һж˵㣬˵㲻оͲУҲУ
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֪ͻȻһײˡ
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Լ˶ײɳ̲˵оգǲ˶ѡ
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ȫ£ȴֻܷصȫûǰĲǴŴˣ棬ȥ
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521 ȸ
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ڴʱȴǱһ£ŵֱһ£ϣ˻ȥӴ˴š
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ʲôҪŹԼˡ


522 ֪
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ܵԶԼĴʦϢҲԵü
ԼΪ壬ƿ꣬Ȼڴ˸ͷ
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лᣬλʦȻ⽫Է£Լֻͨıˣûʲôϡ츳Աרҵ۷ĺ壬Ӯǿ϶ԣһ¡
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ҲǸܵķŭ
ԱˣȴȻչֳǿӲ̬˳Թϵҹ⣬˶ͷһ
رǱ˴ʦüͷһ壬ɷ˵
֪Ƕˡ
Ա˴ʦʣ¶һ֮ɫ
Ǻ壬⵺ǰȴں׵ģ֪ıжࡣ
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ԼΪĿɽȻ¶˼ɵ֮ɫҲɫ䡣
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ְҵ׵ʦԼսȷ԰ʸ
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ˣҪ룬ôһΰʲôʦջ󣬿ʥջûл˲Żһ
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ȻѾȥˣ˾ʦǿҲչʾԼĹϣû˿ԥףһ̾ʹſµϢǺͷϡ
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ƺѾצһУ˶Էȫ·ҪȷˣԷʹõƵĻᣡ

һצǺȴһЦлһӨ͸СƿʢһνɫҺ塣
СƿŸոո֣͸˲һҪĤ֮Уǿзеı˴ʦҲȫġ
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ȻѾ֪ΪԷһȻҪžһй¶Ŀܣ
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漴ڳ״
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˶һ¾̬ƺǹԹԵȴУȴ
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Ѫ˿ƶ뿪ۿһľ
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תͷ亹һۣƺڿв˻𻨡
һֱΪС͸ҹ֪ͳﲻϵľ׽ţǰ²̨λҲ¶һ۱顣
ʵҺû˵ʲôôɶ


523 ͽ
۵С۵Ļţջˡ
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عһƽı˴ʦƺһľõģʽһ㵭ĿǺ塣
ҸӣȥʶʱҲ͹ֲˡ
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ԭˣ˵γˣԭǳάŵʱ뵽תǹô
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˵˹֮ɱ϶ħPYףȻҲܡ
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ҹһ˵ţһϷĹͷɶѽѽҪ;ϱ˵кòãɷ̬Ҳ鷳òá
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ʱôõԼҪ˯۵ǰֿؾѣĸǼִһһѡ
ȻǸˡ
ͻȻ䣬е㲻ȥˡ


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ˮ뺣ǣλ˴ʦ뺣壬ʱƿӡ̤նеҹ¶Ŀɿڴ顣
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漴Ϊʥλ֣ڳķǣ𾪹Ҳʼ𽥳ãȻ֮ɫƺһߵһˡ
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ҹҲֻΧӡתȦӡ˼ģкֵܶýĵطԼԽѪ֮ҪƳҲÿģʽС
Էܻһһѣȫʢʱڿ»һܣ
㱻һ꣬ѵ𡣡
Ҳ֪ԷʲôֶΣҹȻһʱ޷ȷв׽ԷڣֻģģӦڸ漴ֻܲϵĺš
ǰΪʢʱڣʱάŵȻɳ֪Ƕͼжôǿҡ
ݵѱʹĻƺֶǳԼģǵ괫ԼϢȥ
̯ӣˣ𵱳۷ʱҲ̫˵㡣
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ĻŶԷεı飬Щ֮ʱҲɳһΣԷʵԼǿȻԵ·ˣȷЩԲס
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525 
ȫ˵ļһûԣֻԼоЩס
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Ǻǣûʲôֻ뵽ұҪ㣬Ϊ£͸е˼ͷش󡣡
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µĻǿʵɲˣԼҲҲаӣҲͷ۵ġ
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ʥλ֮õһԼ
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ߺ󣬱˴ʦ񣬱һ֮ͨ·ԼǰȻӲˣ
һ뵽ͨɢűŰϢƺҪɱйһ㡣
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Ϊǣ˷βƣȴֻſԣȫû
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Էϵľ֮ɫʿҲΣ֮ǰҲмλԼԽͣҲ֪Ӧôˡ
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535 
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536 ﲻ
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Գߵʱ˵¶Ѿִﶫ½˲ǡ
ǰɣѾִﶫ½ʱ䣿Ѿ뿪һˡ
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һΣҪȥܳǿȺ۵֮̽أֵط˵ܾͻһˣرǴ򿪱عؼʱ
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537 
ҹŹֵĿȣҲûȥٸʵס
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Լܱ֡
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538 ǱĬ
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ģзִģȻֱɱ϶½ˣҵǲܱ֤
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ҹѵЦ£תص˴ϣ½ΣվҪˡ


539 
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ǰɵ´½ֱ쵽ó˵ľͷ뿪ó˵λãǵ½ɵµĵ½㣬ܸоֹʵιֺ׵ġ
ó˴֮ҹǼֵ壬ó˵Ĺ̶ͨѶħֱӶԶ½ħ-˹ύ˷顣
Ϊħ˹൱һȣʮʥͽ齨ʮʥͽΪչ
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һ·ϣҹҲٴμ˽ħõ󣬶Ա볿֮۶ԣ˹ķʦĿռ˿ڵһ룡
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ѧͽ̴ͬ𣬵ʵʵи߼ѧͽĵλһְҵ׻ߣ
Ҳֻʥλ̵ֻĲ࣬ȴԶǶ½֮СԱġ
ʮʥͽĳԱóһλǰʥҲܿ⡣
ó˵ãʥλ֮»ʮλʦų棬ɵ³ҹԪ֮⣬ȴֱҪʦϲˡ
ɵͰɨڽֱѲţ֮ҲȻ·߷Ưģ壬пƻøҪħС
δħϵɵ´඼һľ̾ӭв˰ԵĲмоУҪΪܹʥλ븹ƽƽ
û뵽ιʥλã֮ǰ֮۵ӭЩªˣҪ֡
ǰӭݵ·ЫҹһûһĹţʱʱ͸¶һЩ̽ЫȴҲȷǸողŵ֪ϢòǣҴææߵȴġ
ҲȷŶеʥλ˭۾ҹ֮ɨһϡ
վҲǰʥҲûҹΪ˿Ʋȶɷ̬ȻǱЫ˸š
ĽȻԴ˹ǿµĽ˼ɵվʥλİûλͻʥλʧߴҲû̫Լݡ
ǶԹ൱ӵģԵȻҪ㹻ĳ档
̽ҹȴҲûзϣҪħҪһЩֶȴҲҪչʾһġ
ҹ󷽵ĳϣȻЫûгʲô仯ƺһжϵУȴѹظС
˵˵λѰʥλͬʥλʥλʥλ֮½ΪϣʥҲ⣡
Ҳڴ˹ԼΪʮʥͽĳԱӵвֵĲٿȨýڴԼľսѰʥλ֮ϣҪӭӶԷԼ϶ռ˾Եơ
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һСȻٴ޵һʥλǺεºܣԼȫ׼һУȴʧˣΪ߲ɵͲ͵İʥ
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ܵһӰ죬ЫƬ̱Ǽ˵
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˵꣬ɨһۡ
ȷ֮ǰ⺣֣ΪһԱݣĥŸӹ廹ǲҪ̫ǿĺá
Ϊ򹦴ˣҹͲӲĻһ䣬Ы쳣ܡ
Լ˼ͬǸֹϵԷ򣬻ֱõ֮ǰʥλϡ
ƫƫֲֲ˵ֱ̫ףֻĪһֻӬ
ֹɱðڼ嶼ոϷãڵġ
û̸ˣ⻰ⲻȥˣֻܴŹʼתƵ֮ϡ
˹зʵģٳʥλܣ̻ʶԸ
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ҹͷϿɵֶԴ˹ʵϿɵĻǻһ֮ǰգЫԼ̶ӵ˶ĵ׸ֳһɫá
ҹһʼô˵ûôǿҵøУƫƫһ·ҹ̬ȶǲӲģոջһʹ㡣
ڳַȴĪֿС
ò˵ҹʹĹ˵ãɧҲͬ˵á
һб˴˹ӭݣڴ˹紦
ǰɵﶼһС´ֻǵһۺҲûϵӦǻķˡ
ҹ£Ϊõؽûʲôׯ԰⽻Աס²Ҫ֡
ִĦ¥һʣȴӭݣЫԴǸ˵
˵ҹҲܹ⣬˹ˣסĵطҲνˣֱʽĽܹԼһЩ廳Ļ䡣
ǰŵĽʱ䣬Ǻŵ֪ûҪġ
ͺɣ㡣
ˣ±ˣʲôֱֹʰ죬ȫͬλ
һЫǸˡ
Ϊ˹Ȩ֮һҲǺܷæģԼҲŴ͵ʵо
Ҳ֮ǰҪӴʥλԳֹʶȫ̸ͬˡ
ϰ壬Ҿûġ
ΪЫ˵ҹ־Ļе㹢ֱС۵˵
⵹ڣвĵط⣬ʲôӣƲסԼ˵ĻˣͨǱƳֵġ
˹Ӧ˶ǲӭԽЫ˳
ҹЦЦΪ⣬ȻЫֵйоؿȥܺϸ񣬵ΪһʥʦӸλԷ֮ǰıлмطûܿס
˵ж˼
ڰӣȻе㣬ӭԷû˵ȻһЩĴҲ˵һЩĳͻ
˹ʥλҲΪΪĵطܻܵϵƣ΢˶ĶĶѣҲʲô¡
ҹĳɳȻ׶ԷĴ㡣


544 Ϊ˺ƽ
޹ʥλⶾ֣ڣ
ڣ
б׺ֶβ̣޷죡
޷죡

ҹ׼ܻһЩרŶ˵飬ȴҲû뵽Ы֮󣬾Ȥĳ
ˣСèСˣͻȻʹӽܳͷĴº˿ںš
ѹִ˹ĸ߲֪ˣⶼ˴ĵϷˣ֪ͼ˹
壬ʲôĲɣںŶǺֱ׺ܵƫƫֱĿںȴЩɿ
۵ĵط£һĹעӡ
Ϊ֮ǰǰɵµ̸дһ˶ûܻ˸Ĳ벻ֻǣܺԼмɵûܲȡʲôֱж
ˣññѾҹͷˡ
Щ嶼ֵطпߣ֪ҹѾʲôӡ
಻ĳԹȺҹ·ùμƤġˡ
һЩ̻ᡢʹפĴٶǴӴڿ棬ŵĴʱ䣬żйϵõĴİԡ
Ӵιܺ˸ʥλǿϲˣɵµ˸ɵģǵʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ɲǣǰԶɵº໥ӦڸҲͷˡ
ǰɵµʥλʥɲûãܺʥλҲˡ
˵壬ôǹ黯壬ǲеˡ

ֵĲ´ΧȺϲվһߣȻð
Ǹɵµϲбģ˼ҳеʹ߶ȫɱˣ˵ħھ
һ˵ѽ͵Ϯɱ¾˼λ´̣սթ
һҲ̲סһͳһֱŵ˽ص˵
аǸһɫĺɫ֮ͽϷɵºʥŮǴ¼
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Ȼˣ̻ǵɵѹģ˵λÿҹʮŮŮʮһŮ˸Ź
ǿʼ˵һЩСƱвŻֵ
ɨϢҹԼǸЩԩ壬Ҳвٶҹڳһӣָ
ȴֹڿڵĵزûԽ׳һ
Ŵ˹ɭϵƣҲŶԷбͷơ
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ҹȻҲͬһȺһʶûֵͼļƣֱӴ˽ӭݣڷԱĴǰŵķ䡣
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ǻڱĵطϲ˳ǾѾˣھȻͷܻסǵС
ΪְҵԵĹϵг
Ϊ߸ϵʥλƣֱ췽ҹ̷
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ĿǰӦѹȫʢʱڣҲ޷ȫˡ
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ȴΪⲿѹ֮£ܵƣȻͷ
ϰ壬ѵûʲô뷨𣿡
ԼԹԵıԹһǶҹʵΪϰ޺ĺʿǾʹشˣǱƢԼŶ¡
ʲô뷨Ⱥ𣬰У˷Ѿϲ̧̫ˡ
ҹ˸˵еܾûе㲻ԣôϰ˵Ļ
ҪƽϣҲǡɵ嶼ȫ¶ˣҪǼ档
˺ĵֺǷֻǸ䷽Ǹζʵǰɣ϶ǰɡ
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һʱ䣬Ľܺ棬ǣ
ֻûãǵķűǱɫ˶ҹһ÷˿ƽĶſ֮˵
ƺǵҺ͹͢ʲôš
ſһλ׳۵İ۴̣Ż׵ͷ͵˵
ҹ½䱸̫֮ˣ֮ǰҹ¶ǽ͢ᡣ
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ԷĻҹҲü漴˲˶Էͷ͢һ˰Ϸʾһ߻˹ͽ⣿
ֶζ׼ţҲ˷Դƴ
ҹûпھ͸ˣӵŴʦȹϢỊ̇ҲЦݡ
ҹʵոҲӦᣬΪߣؽ粽С
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˵ʱ˺ȫڲһ棬ԵУ
⻹ֻǲӰֶѣ͢帹صӰ죬ȷѾ˷棬̻ʴ̬Ҫǡ
͢ȷǺǿʵǿӰҲǿ
ҹҲûз϶Է˵ʵûҪһζķ϶֣ǰ͵Ķָֻʽǲ˵Լܡ
ҹԼ˵̵ЦҲӲá
ʵ̻ʴҲĿʥλ־ַ磬ͺ;һһŹͬ־սҪĿαɢǿöࡣ
ֲ᲻Ļ˵ȫ˵̻ʴ˴ѹʹʥλҲһΪ壬֤óˣоŷ
ء
ҹûжٱ顣
˵ҹܴʦһ֮ͬ񣬳Ϊʹ֮ǰìܾɢˣǵĽӵǿİԡ
ǰЦݵĻȶû˿ı䣬˵Ҳֱ׳
ߣԹ֤֮ǩԼҲܹڲìѹ¡
仰ҲǴȻһ޴ñӾͿҹͷϣƺ˵ӦǾڲ磬ìܣĴˣ
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Ϊ͢ǾԲòģҪãͱҪò
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ôܻ֡ЭľٶɱһӰٲЧĴʩ
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ʾº׵ĻɢӰ͢ϣ̸ֺѾڶԷʵµЭˡ
ֻǲ˼ʵܷìܣ̻ʴ֪ĳܣҲŹҵġ
ҹȴǻһת÷ҵ̳СĸˣҲ֪ܴȵ˵̸
ܹȡķԹһǹ֮Ҳܷŵ£
ԣֻбǸˣѹڲ磬ֻѡһַʽ
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㡭
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ҽ֮͢󣡡
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ãæҪİȴ֣Լ޷ˣƤƺ̣亹ʪ˺󱳡
֮ԸҺԷʵΪ˹ıһֱʧȥЧʣԼڶԷǰȴֿ
ģģ㻹ðҴӡ
꣬ӵС
Σȴˡ
һڵû뵽ǰ̵ĶͷҹǻֽԷ⣬漴ա


ЫһȷֱֱװױƳı֣һȴʱҲ忹ҵ˿ӲϵĹҺ
˵ʲô޶ЫһסˣҪոʱҹͰȫעͳ޷ˡ
һԸҲȷ̫ϲڹҹǰ᳡ʱ򣬶ЩȥίҲǺǳûʲô
ҹ֮󻹳ȵ˵
ҹ»벻ҪϣҲ΢нίĴݺѣ֮ǰ󷽵ľٶЩˡ
ˣԴֱԸű
޷Ҳֻܽ˹ıƤӣܹȭͷΪҪ졣
ҹһЦһ䣬ֱӴ̴˽ԩߵĲģ仰ûͳûǻӦ
ɾֲĴʵ˵ġ
ɱܺ棬ҹδҲδԼ嶯һζԷѾĺܹˣڶλ
ȱֶ½ĽڣԼ۰Ͱײڹֵ˭
ҹչֳİԵЫе˾޴ѹͬʱҲЩ̾˿˵
ҹ£¾ͱˣһʽύ鵽߹ٲˣǵĽ̸УҲӵŴ
ŶԤôãڿʼ¶ôȻˣǾɡ


545 
ʽĻ鳡ϣֵλ߸ߵڿУ᳡һħϢ
ֱʱҹʽʮʥͽ鳤˹Ȩ߸˰³˹˼档
ľƿͲҪҹɷ״̬ȫƿסԼ
Ϻĳ۸Ǹݵȥսƽߣȴڻաά֮ǰʥλΨһġʦ
ǴŵķʦҲʹ䱾ȴȫʦĳλ
ΪؼǣȻ³˹ûʲôԱֱϵ൱ϡ٣ȴǴ嵱Ϊ߹Ѫ֮һ
ᣡ
ػߡŷϡ³˹ֱϵᣡ
ƾһݣʹ㹻µĺ
ΪʱĲͬҵӰ˥඼ѡ躹ޡ
ɷϵǣ⼸֣ʹϵĵûܹеĴҹҲܡ
ȻԲ֡ס֮Ļ飬ȫǿڶԷʥλٵϡ
ȻŶԵȹϵȻʲôʥλѹֳеķ˶᲻̸֪нʲô
ҹΪ
ػʥ³˹ƽ͵ЦݶҹӭţȥͺƽˣûʥλļӣҲû鳤ļӡ
ʵλﵽһ̶ȺȴҲҪֶӰ죬֮ؾͻȻΪģ
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ҹȫǲҪˣӦ˶ԷĿ佱
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ҹ֣΢ͷƳ˻᳡һСţֻ˫֮һˣȴǴС
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ΪΪ֮˵ϣܵһϤĲϢ
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ͽܽĺᣬԼ̫ԶˣȫûʲôͬС
ֵӱ˵һֱƮûʲôУһȴǸˡ
ֻû뵽һ˼棬һϡ
漴ҲʲôᣬĮջĿ⣬˰³˹棬ǶӦΡ
ȫ֮еα㶼ƯҺƶ˻ռһ㡣
ûң˷ʵһƬֻеӰ֡
ǰΪıǴɵ˹չħоҩоٵео
ҹ˵ԼĵһĿģⱾһĿѡ˹ԭ
ʦ̶һ㣬ԶǸ̵Ĵڣо͸ֻеĺڿƼٶȺġ
һȺоܱԼһͷҪǿ
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һ˿ڵ
Ǵ˹оˮƽǾ֪£ɵҪóʲô֤ܴŹҷоʸ񡣡
ֱףȴЧֱԴƺ˵ɵ²һ㡣
ƾɵλϵʥλͬʱó˵һλ᳤̻ϵҲǢ˵зڹ֮ϡ
ҹȻ֪ôﳤ̣ܶھϵʥλӡ
˭Ǵ˹ֻһλϵʥλأʮʥͽԱ඼ǰʥԼλʦ
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ǴʥλʥλǿҲͬʩߣԱ෨ʦ˵Ա鳤˵ȴȫ
鳤ֻͨʥλߣΪʦͬʱΪʹȡ֮ʹãʹýڴﵽ˼£ʷʫҲսʤ֮
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ʷʫߵĲ࣬Ǿ޴ģ۷нѾƵʷʫ֮䣬ҲвԽĺ蹵鳤ǿ蹵
һʱ䣬ֳĲĿⶼʼۼϣ˾벻ȷ
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Ǹոֳعҳԡ
ǲʥλֳһܻλǶԷ˵ʵû
ԸԸӦҪ̸ռϷ磬ĺδںȡ쵼Ȩ档
ҲǵƣЩҩԼǹľ֣¾Ǵ˹Ҳ޷̰ɡ
ӵŸ˼άٶȣͬʱѬյĸḻھ飬ҹľͽ˶Է⣬ؾһ䡣
һ£Ҳ˴˹ǻ֮ļۣͬƽְѹͷЫڵ
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û⣬ҩ棬Ҿ˽
ҹˬĴӦԼֶΣֻнãҪȫհᣬλ鳤
ȻҹҲָЧҩȥˮƽߡ
ԭΪҪĥĽҹ׵ĴӦȴһ±÷·תԭԱһǡǡĳ
ǢУ
ԷԼʥλʦֹؼʱ̴ˣ˹ųħȻʥλʦĿϱȲԷ
Ѱо棬ҩҲȫҩʦЫòд֣ŻᵣԼĵλܵӰ죬ʹµСӡ
ڵ֪ԷʥλʦʣµȻֻкһ;
ܿʼĺ뷽Ͷ˲ݸ壬ֽۼܸ뵽˫ĻݺԺоΪӣ뵽˫κˡ
ҹֱӿҪȶ˫սԺϵĻ󣬴˰ѳֲסˡ
ڶ½ĴƣǶλҰų⣬һֱҲܳɹ
ҪǱӴ˹˺˿ӣΪ½֮һǳ˾ħƷӰ޴Ĺң֣ȴҲû취ʵˡ
λһۣæڴϵ
ǰĺûв廰أȴò˵ˡ
ûڽʥλʥɵİӻδ˽֮ǰҾΪһеĴ˹ɵµսԺӦȻһһˮʯҲ١


546 ͬ
Ŷʲôʱ˹Ҫֵָֻ˭˵˴ŵĳԱֻϿڡ
ҹĮɨһλڵ壬һƽ˵
ֱһҭĸλЩ⣬û뵽λ»˵Ĺϡ
ŵĳԱôһ߹ǰ׺λƺǺѹ
ȴòϣֿ쵶նǴʱΪĴֶΣ۴˹ʲôѡ񣬶ɵġ
һ±ҹѻ嶼ɫǺ죬ƺҪ˵Щʲô
ڴʱλԴ³˹˵ҹʥλϢͿʼ˳˼״̬Ĵŵӣȴ˻عһ
ûҵ˭ǿڵġ
ƽȴƺҹĻҪ壡
ŵŵĲٿڡ
ֱЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ȻѾʼͷ鷳ˣȻǱ֪˽ҹߵϢʼɢй¶˳
˵˳Ѿ֪ҹܿʥλݣŴ˹ĳԣȴû˿¶ӣλӽֻרҵ۷ųڣȴֱӱˡ
ȴҹЩȤ
Ұĵ۹ǰĻ壬Ӷ֮֮Ϊһϵеı仯ȴʧȥȨѡ˳ΪңôıӶ֮
û뵽ѡ˵͵躹޵ߣҶ嶼˵塣
ƺǴڹ壬֮С
Ȼ׼صƶûд
ڰ˹ߵƺǰԵ·ߣ
ȫɱ
Сһһ򣬵ıذһ壬ڵĽܺ嶼ҳŪġ
ã˹ΪòãΪȨ֮ˣĵ۹Ϊˡ
رɢʱӵл̵ҵҲԽԽ
ԼɱҵһϹ֪ʲô˵
ͷ˲Ϣתʵֻɲ֮䣬ںǳ֮Ϊ׵ӱǶҹ¶һ˿ӵЦݡ
˲£ҹЦˡ
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ҹޱĻӦԱߵ˲һӿʼͲˣ˵ú
ʵ¹ҲЩ˽Ҫȷϣ֪ݲ¿ڡ
ǰҹһڶԵʣλҵʽ˵ǰҹѯʡ
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Ҫһ£ҹǷ紫ǰӵ˫۾
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Ʒ֮ͫĵΣѵı϶൱֮ͣλһеٮһͷ
ʼ֪ԼʥѾԵúˡ
ҹƷ֮ͫĵط٣Ȼкܶʱûܹ黹һЩǵԿܡ
ǰҶԴ˵Ȼ֮ԱǣͫѪ̫ˣƷ֮ͫͷǿģͫѪܻ뵽ҡ
޷ǡѣ嶼ܹѣ֧ôܻС
ģЩˣλɵɳ̫ˣͬսҲ̫ţдǽʦ
ɺزһ󣬾ҲҪӡ
Ǵº󣬶ѪǼּɵ
Ҳ⣬Ҳ츳ҲӾͳɾʥλͷȴǲ㱻ͻ뵽ؽƣ
ʹñӦ˫ֻӭǿ߻ع󣬱˴ʱģ
ҹҲԷ㣬ǳĬƬ̺󣬾ͬѪԷһۡ
ж֮ɫȻȻƷ֮ͫ
ҾѲ̶ԶԼԱġ
ͻȻֵ״ֳҲԹ۾Ŀš
вͷҲǰ𾪣ȻռСϢȴûΪԷйأɵµĴѡ
ҪȨˣ԰ҵĵ̣λӶ֮ǴҲܱԸ¡
֮Ի¸Ļǳû׵ţι鷳
Լ˳ƷȨģ
һ½ϰӿҪʥλ֮µİҪֱӱضˡ
ҵˣɱʥλʲôֵģֲ֣
е¼ԪڻڶҵǰڣֱӶĨɱʥλļ塣
ǿʥ嶯˵̺һ겻ͬ˵ֲεĵ̲ʲô
ۼƺҪĵʱڴ˹ϯеһλ׷ߣȴͻȻ;
СѣҪǵġҹŮʡ
Ҳԥ£ܿȴͻȻ˵ȴȫ޷رˡ
ڴ˹λİ³˹ȴתͷ˵ֵͷȲİ׷ߣһĪɫ
û뵽Ȼ嵽ʮʥͽȲôԭӦҪĴ˹ڱһλ㹻˹ĴڣȴǱľС
ܽΣº˭棬¶ñһʡ
ҹҲͬתͷڵʦһۡ
ʵʥȴӵųʥλʣأʹЫҲһˡ
εʮʥͽԱ֮һһе鷳ļһ
Է˵ĻȴҲȷԼһЩȤ
ҹŮʡʥ֮һ˹֮ӰʥλʥŮֺйء
Ȼֻعҩˡ
ǽһ岻ӣǿĿĵҩ滣ҺúõϹһˡ
ҹĵ׶Īһ˿ͬ顭


547 
֪뵽ʲôЩ̾˿̧ͷҹ侲˵
ΣվҵѪȲ֪ѳɾʥλʧˣ¾ʹ˸ˣºȻڳݷá
ʥλΪҲǲǶҹǷǷ
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ϣ²Ҫ׹˫۾ͷ£˸ܡ
˵֮󣬱ǲˣֱ뿪ϯλܴˣֱ볡
ΪΪ󿪿Ļ޾İԵ
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һ˵Ϊоȫҵƽ·ѹֵһڽżʱҪӪǰ֪Լҵݺ̬Եòôӭ
ְҪ壬˵ĺøС
ĪģҹȴΪԷ仰ֵļеһ˿ĺøС
·ȴĪҹеһЩθڣӦҪû뵽˹ĽŪļ塣
ҾңҪ˿˺θɡ
ļɣ
ȤôһҪȥݷһµˡ
ȤȤվԼͽܽĺᣬֵ̫ˣҲûʲô׵˼Լڵ飬һûʲôС
ͻȻһµıʣȴֳЩ뿪ʱĻ˶ҹ⣬ĻǶľ档
뿪ˣɱڵĻţȴҲѾٿ˵ʲôˡ
߻˲ήȥ֮ǰҪϵҹҹϵİ׷ߣȴ
ϵİ£ǿѾĻ߶ѹܵ˴ѹȴȻ˸ߵ¡
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źȲƳλϵĻ᳤һۣʮʥͽԱдӰʨȴҲ˲Ȩ⡣
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̼֮󣬲˿ڣӰʨǷ˲豭ĮĿڵ
ΪʮԱ֮һΪ֮ǰλ黯˵ĺеûˮʯ֮ǰ˹Ӧɵº
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黯зкһʼҲңܹ޵׳Ӱ죬ҲǶ½ܹȶĻߡ
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ûҾҲҪһ
ħһǱ̬ʱǻһҲá
ĻӦǲôʱġ
гĻһӦνɡ

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Ψֻа³˹ȵ󿪿ڸп˵
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ӰʨĶ԰³˹Ӧ̬ôҲ޷ıܴ˹ʵ
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³˹볡ҲνϢǱҪºΪȶ𶯵ĴӰʨ
ʵ鳤ûҪ˼
ҹʱȴǶ԰³˹
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Ȼó˵㣬ʱӦҲˡ
ҹһĥţһƣһΨλõĹԴ壬ʼС
֪ΪʹƷĻ᳤ôΪܹ֮ͻʥλҰġ
˲䣬һƬžš
ʸӴˣ۾ɵùԲ١
λ˺Ӱʨ⣡
Դ
ǻԼߵĹԴ
ôֱֶͺһλʶʥλʥһ㴿⡭


548 
ʮöҹʣµĹԴĿ
ķ࣬ɱλʥλǵʥ꣬ԼЧһεʥʥȻȻС
ҹʵҲռ۵ʥˣ֮ȥȻȻľתֶ
ܶһʥλһϾԼϿ϶ҪմȾʥѪɲʵ̫ˡ
΢Щϧǣܺ˳Ӧûȥռɢʥֶ꣬Ҳֻӳɹʣǰٷ֮Чѡ
ȻֻҹＦߵĿܹӳʥʵĶڴⷽУ󶼲Ϊ
Ը⸶һдۡ
ӰʨΪʲôǱܳΪ³˹ĽӰ˶ѡ˳˹棬ΪһܹӴԼɾʥλĳ룿
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Ҫʥλ治࣡
ΪΣΪڲóֶΪƷ
ӰʨǼԼٶһȵԷºóֹԴΪĻ˹߿϶ǻύʥԼ
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ˣң
ԷʼóһȴһֱﻵһֱȵԼżһ
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ҹŪϵĹԴһƽĮȻѾЫķӦ֪˹ŶԼĸ߲㣬ǲûѵһֱŵȵؼʱ̷ҧһô
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ҪֻһΪԼܵõ𣿣
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еı仯뿪ʼҹõĴһޣתۼͱתԼͷϡ
;ĸоģԼλΪǿѹƽɶԷְֱƽסˣԼôҲã
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ңǶԼҲҪóԼҲó
ΪΣΪ׵óֶⲻ
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Ρ
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ɣı΢ϣ⣬ĵƣǰʥλҲ㲻ʲôʲôҲǣ
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ΪԼٿسֵBUG
ֻЩ亹ܵСԱߵһۣոգƺܵһ޵ʥⲨ
һƺǱҪ֮بųʥⲨ֣ţûֻԣƺ˵
ʦ
ţ϶ˣľС벻ɱ˰ɡ
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ҪаգΪĴ󣬸óóȻ޷ȷȫΣյط
ҴӲʥʮʥͽӦòûȫ䣬Ҳʥս֮ϡ
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˲ĳɾͰҹƺ뵽ʲôЩ̾Ϣ


549 
ħʮʥͽ֮һӰʨΪɱˣ
ϢͬʱҲ˫һ¶ԵϢ
һǰ;Զгʥλʵ۷ΪĪԭ䣬ע
ܹעȣ仹ҪߣΪԼĴߣǱ޴Ĵߣͬʱʮʥͽ֮һ
˹Ҳ˵µֻһյĹǻҺӡ
Ӱʨԭ˫ѾֳìܣֲҲڴ˹˸֮һκ󣬵õƵĽ
ӰʨĪ⣬ûʲôӰ죬ЭԼǩĶѸٶϡ
ԭΪֵĽƽ̸вûг֣ڴ˹ԣƺֻҪԼʾǩˣȥϸ
ΪʮʥͽȥӰʨѾɾʥλİ³˹鳤⣬ʮ˶۹̵ⷢĶҹǿĹԴ
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Ϊ˹ٳɾһλʥλʥλʦĺô϶ҪԶԶ߹ó档
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ⶼû̫⣬Լſ֮Ҳûаȡ֮ǵȨޡ

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˵ֻսԻ飬ֻ򣬲ǽˣȴҲ̫Ӱˡ
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Ȼʱ䣬ʼԶС˵ʱͻȻϢֻиӴȻڱƲ
ħ̨Ȼʱ˫ĹϵǻȥȻӲա
ΪԼΪ壬һͷӲǾԶԵġ
ΪΪ㷺Ĺ֮ͽϢٶǿÿ¡
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ҹ»벻ҪǲҲе͢˺Ĵۡ
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ͬʱƺҲڲ۽£ЫԴ׵Ȩ
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޷ʵıżˣ黯ʥλˣΪ͢ӰʨˣҲΪͶ˹͢ǵѾҡˡ
ǹ黯ʥλӰʨǶһŶӰ䵽ɵµĶڣһΪ͢־λҹǲŽ͢ȡ
ʱһֱо˾̾Ҫ磬ͬʱ˳ﾲĵȴ۵ķͣϹһ˿޵Ц⣬ƺѾĲˡ
˦һŹֱû뵽ЫϣЫȻһ㶣¶뾪ϲ֮ɫ
ԷȻ׵ĽֱӸԼʲôҪû᣿
ҲϵʥλϾʦۺǿȻǾʣҲνˡ
ҹŴ·Ʋ㣬ЫƺֶֻǺܼ򵥵С
⻰ЫеĿϲ֮ɫɵ˼֣Щʧ
˼飬ͽٻ嶰Ĵ֮ˣȻףֻΪһ棬ͳ˹صƷ
Լϣ԰첻
ˣ֪ҲҴڳϼһ͵һµӣˣӦҪˡ
˫ĿЩƺڻʲôҹҲ𽥵Ļָ˽㣬һâ
Ĳ˰㲻Ϊγֶҡ߳ŭôǾɣ
ȡ
һ̣ҹ˾ƾʧ˷ڣ𾪵Ыд»ص
ЩͰưһˡ
µЫʧˣɾþΪ¹ʣ˹ȫһпռģ
ȻûܷסԷ
ѹ鳤ԼͳǣѹԼ˵Լӣ
ѹֵӰʨ
⡫ɵӵƷ֮ͫʥλʦ
Ʒ֡
飡
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552 ̻ʳѲ
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վҪվãʣԼΪȷѡ
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ҲֻͬͬԴ֮γɵĹɳֵںϡ
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Ȼӭܹ͸һУƺܹԽʱĹȴһֻƽ޹ȭͷ

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ó˵ķʦϣʹƷĻ᳤ǲನһ±ơ
ķʥоһϤһţͷĻı޾ƴɢһ㣬ֱ޾档
ನһ㻷һֱѵ˰ķϿգ漴ѣϣӿ

ѵĹȨȰص棬ҶѪ¶˹ʣµİعȨȣָڲϵĲ
ʥһǣҲȫĨƽһֱȥ
ոյĹǹȨȵΰƫһ˿ԼֱҪһȭ֮¡
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ӵӴıڳ֮ȴҲȻκβ˽ʯȻ֮ˮĳһ˿ߵĻȴиնһУ
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555 в
ʱعĻˡ
ҹһ֮¶˹Ȼƽȴƺ˶Խı
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556 ݷ
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ҷģҲϲģһ򽲾Ե·ˡ


557 ɽ
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558 ׳н
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ԼĽ̻͢ʣȻа
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ĪⲻӺǩԼʱǹϢԲۣʲôֶΣȻܽһļᶨĴܻū͡
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559 ֮ŭ
ѸҹѾδõѪɫʥǹӺǰᴩ¶˹ʬ壬ɽ֮ա
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ѾȫĿĹ̻ʣȫ˿״ûʬ嶼ɢſµĲꡣ
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аϢԶʥλ־Ҳе˼ȵ𾪡
û뵽һֱͳĹ̻ʣȻǹצѵ͢ǹĹ
ѹǰ̻ʻɱʥϣԭһֱıû뵽ù֮˼վΪ񹤾ߡ
վҹߣһͬѹа̻ʣʥʥ֮ɫĹʥŮǲӡ֤һ㡣
ǽ̻ʶаڣɵгԹĹʥŮôվߡ
ڲʱҪһˡ
ҹ԰Ծ޵е̬ڶ½һγ־Ͱʥλ䣬ǿɱʥλ˹̻ʡ
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ڷǵû׷ҹɱʥλѡ󣬻Լ֮ͬҪԹ͢Ĳࡣ
аĶԼĵϣطΣԼķ䷶ΧȴһҪ
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һԵٹ͢ϳ󣬻ɱ̻ʣշʥŮֱӴӸԴ϶ҡͨͽȫ˹֮˼ĵ
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ȻһΣƵǰеĳɾͣһиԴպȻŹ֮ͽҲɺ͵ħͽһ͵͵ù⣡
ſŵʬ壬ҪѵӰҹͷȴûаֳɾ͸С
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560 ߹֮Դ
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Ϊ֮ԿԴ
սһƬǽ塣
ػߡŷϡ³˹ԼĻ£Ϊۣǿзӡаƽľ֮һ
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561 ٽ
ӿĺˣĴŽʯһɫĭ˵Ļص
ʯ֮ϣһò࣬紫˵оһӣ˫Ŀ΢ЩʧãȻ
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ǿҪ֮Żﵽʢʥһ
ڵʥλӦǸոմܵʱʱĲβࡣ

ε񣬻Ҫ
ȫվʷĶ棬ҵǿĴ֮һ
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ռıʣȻΪԼֻʹߣ֮ȴѾȨˡ
ĲӦǴڽĩڣ˹ո䲻ãȻҪЭߵ֮ɱ磬ǡߵ֮ʧ¼Ҳδ
ҹѸתͷݵҪǴ΢˽⣬ʱѾ䡢ʧ١һѱ䡢һشľԶӳ̶ȡ
ڵĻȻߵ֮δʧ٣ǡˡ˹Ȼδչ¶Ұģ罣Ҳδ͵Ϯش
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Լþȫȫڴ֮ϣ崫ҲԼĶ֣Ҳǰֻſ˰ʵż
ŬͻƵ棬˽ȥ԰йＶĹȴҲû˿ա
ңܲܶʱͻƵ棬һء
ǲ֪İǹﵽʲôΡ

ΨһƣҲ֪Ⱦˣܹ׺ʱڵ硣
Ҫ˽һʱյľźá
Լֻ֪Ǵţͺ͵ҪһԵʱϸڲžɰܡ
в˳Ϣҿ˿ҹһ֮Уʧ˽ʯ֮ϡ
ĴŽʯֻزֹ

۹۹֮һڶ½Ϸռ½ķ֮һأͬʱڰķҲĸ
罣šҲΪİ
׽֣˶ˡ
ԴӰ˹˵󣬾һֱδ¶棬ȫˡߵ֮롰ˡλŬսǧٿ׵塣
λǰѵһֵ񣬶θߵ
ʿ
ݴţǡߵ֮롰ˡλҲͬ˲ᣬֻǶԱ롰罣Ҫϲ١
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ֻһλĻ𱬣ֻŶƤףԵýԸУһҰϢŮžԼࡣ
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Ȼڰĵû׼ʹʥλֶΣûвȡʲôⷽʽʥλ־ĲΥʲôҪԼʥλ־ľ󲿷Ӱ죬ҲԶ÷׺Լ
һλȴȻܹעԼ
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Լûп䣬ҲӦǷӦԵ˵ġ
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ΪҹûвȡֶΣͻȻһء
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ǻõ塣
õ徹ȻˣˣҪСƭˡ
Сôģ׵ĺһ
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޼ɵۣżһЩ׵ԻҲûҹĶ󷴸У־ƹݵ״ѡ
Щãֲε˶ŷй𱬵ľƹȻһ
˵Ŀ뾪ҹĻԱλݡ
͹ĴƱһȺ˼˹ıһһ̾ȤתͷͬЩƤŮ˵
ллľƣ֪Ϊʲô
Ҿܲһɡ
ֵǾĻõ˵ҹЩȻ


562 õӶ
õ徹Ȼ˽ˡ
úûȺô𡣡
˼ʣҲҪŰ
õӶŮռݴ룬඼ŮĹص㰡

ûɻõٶͣҹѾԱߵ˽⵽ŵġô
ֻ˵ڴ඼ŮĲôԺҹѾȫûȤ
ʲôЦһͷˣһȺȻҪҡ
ֻӶǻǱǸˣ˱Ƚϲٻ󡣡
£ҹȴǷܵľܾˣһʱó涼Щ
Ծ֮࣬˶ֻɫ
Ȼ˾ܾ˻õ룬õӶſŻұģ
ԭˣұ𡣡
ҹĵһ˿ȻѹܹԼӵаѪĻǾ˵ùȥˡ
籩񻹽ڣ־мٵһָѪ֮ϣܹûпصԼ֡
Դڹ̻ʵİʥԼʥλϢǸ߶ʳ֮ڲ濴ĻǰҲ޷ϢԼ
ҲΪûй¶Ϣֻǿż־Ӱ죬ߵİ־ֻѪеһ㣬Ҳ㹻Լˡ
Է޷Լ֪Լʵȴ᱾ܵĸеԼر
ֵʲôģҹʼΪԼǿʵԷģǿԷ
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ЩƵĻõ忩ֱЦ˵ƺҹûָʲôӡ
ȫǿòϲŮŮֺγϲС
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罣ĵص㣬ָ߶ȵĻ¼Բô״ġ
Լһλİʥλ̫ԵĴЩϢº׾ͻᱻȲ衣
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ܿʵԷΪҪҿ
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ĵϷ赭дĻҹ⣬Ҳ֪ǿˣ֮١
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ƾ辭飬ҹҲжϣϧ˾飬ʵ
Եľ࣬ҹܹײ׽Էתƻʱһ˿Ȼ
ȻûˣһλҳԱ
֪õӶб;ƹϢ˵ȴҲû̸۹õųӵŻʼҰѪ
ݣ˵ҵ˽氢ĺڹˣҹ
ڴʱһĶŵſڴһλŻӢӸ߽פأһĿݡ
۹ɨԱߵҹҲɶòеһȡ
ڴòܶʱ򶼻ΪҪġ
УȴǻΪҪĵһӡ󣬺ȻλӢӸҹϸеܶҡԼλв
ʲôѾˣҵİֽŲɾѹˮһͲˣ㿴˵۹ɣﻹҪѹء
ȻŮ˾ǸЪԶȣ֮ǰתƻĻѾɢ٣±ùֱ
ҹҲһ󸧶ˬˣԹᳯȥȫͷˡ
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563 
ҹǿܹó;ʹĻᣬܿͺˣʼõӶŵŮ˺ܶ࣬ȵǷҪը
˼׷ߣȻŮˣսԱԱһƬʢ˥
ҴƯ΢˽һ£ЩǱ۹һЩǧЩϲ赶ŪǹðյĴСǶ۵һˡ
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ʱʱƨʲôģô϶ҪзΪֱ׳
˹ģ
ɫĸҲûгɹҹûþȫ˽⵽ݵݡ
˲ڲϦദԱǺ˽ġ
񱩷۹Ĺǡ罣šϵͻʥλʧܳɾͰʥʥλԲűοƵĸݡ
ȻģҲǶԵԼѰ԰ʥ֣ǰѪϡг̶ȶŮȺ
ݣλһλ˽Ů΢˽ʱһС뵱һλŮµѪ
ºͰεˣµĵСȻҲܴʹСû;Ѱס
ݣѪ츳һ·˳˳ˮеרҵĲΣԱҹȻʲôڷ֮Ҳ˲õˡ
ֻҪٶʦ
רҵʵȻѾ˳ԶŵʸȻѰ׾飬԰ѪϡȻҲŮ
ֻԼϲڻʹ֯ȫ־ͬϵĴСǴõӶš
ǹھεĹϵ෽滹չˡ
ݽʹû⣬ԼȴϲȥҾȥˣô˵ҽȥѵɫҪ׵𡣡
ҹһӶŲֿĻһͷ˼
ֻǾڴʱԱߴһԴͷ
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ڣһΪӣܡ
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һȻĳҹȥ׿ĶţǸԵݵĴõġ
ֻͨˣҲչֹŵһ棬԰׷ҪݵСȴҪչֳΪ̺ͺڰһ
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ҹֻɨ˶Էһۣڵĵص㣬һͷͻöԷ졣
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Ϊά۶ȣִֹģƻĿܣУſµļ֮󣬶νλħʦϵսͻᱻ⵽ܵԵѹƹʥλ⣡
ȤȤΪõСʶΪΪɱ˫ۣң׿ԹݴһС֪Ҳ˵ʲô
ƺʲôõЦһ㣬еԼݱӣ׿ֱӱҹʹըˣ¶Է֪ԼصصԼϡ
ӵи߸ϵʥλңڷǲɴĴڣҪ˽⵽ı΢
ҡҡͷЩȻ
Ѱ֮˵۽磬ҲסĿǻҲǱء

ҹҲıһ˿Ȥء
һݿ⣬汻ˣɵ¸ոոʱ򣬲˹ʩѹôɾʥλʱǺֹˣȻһֻǵֵСϡ
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뵽ҹҲҡҡͷвɶȤζ뵽ʱһˣǲ֪ᷢʲô˼ʷ𵴡
εѾҪȥ˵š
ԸվͷˣȻСȷЩ⣬ΣվҲʥλӦûΪƴڹ
ҲǸأȻҪһɫ࣬ʵչʾһ㶫ҲܽСӵִݳȥˡ
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ǿЦҡҡͷˣǰӴʥλһ򣬲ϵҲѾʮλЩ뷲׵۽ˡ
¶ʥλң涼ڵʥλңһСжٻ档
ڱ۹ڹʦıҲٵĿ£ڹӴ˿ĿԣʦĻʵ̫С̫ãˡ
رʥλʼ֣ʦҪӣôһеҲˡ
ĵһʦûռ£ҪҪ֣ļ嶼ͽǣֻͨ£ʦҲʥλӣŻ
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󣬽ʼϣһ㣬þʱ˺ͣԼҲΪˡ
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564 
֫ڳ״ĵڵϣ°Ѿ˵Ķ׿Թޣû뵽Է˹Ϻĳ֡
ҲȫΪʲôԼıƷûܴ
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ɶԷȻˣΪά棬ͷԼ֮Ҳ϶Է㹻ĽѵöԷڼ֮ǰЧȣάʥλϣ
ıǺҹģʦҲ⡣
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Ц
뵽׿ԼҲܷˣһʦ̤ͬʦҲֵõģ
Ȼıǣ°Ѿʵ˿ڣʹƲס

׿߾ҽˣվҲʥλҵĵϵõӶҲᵡ
ǰŸոߣҹķű㱻졣
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ų˵ֱӽ̫ðɡ
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Ƕҹ¶ɫ˵
Ȼ֪ΪҪʵһЩǷˣ׿վհġ
ܵԷϺ͹ģҹҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼųе㲻ףżЩȣΪ˵ȷǻѹһȺĴС϶ġ
һ˽Ůݣһ㡣
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ֳֺаҲֵİ¶֣ܹͨľй֮ء
˵δֱǰĳ֮£ʧҲ֮ͬ£
ԾķѶȣҪָԪҲ֪Ҫˣֻӵ֮һţ˭ȥǵע⣬λһֱôȻ
ֻаŴͺ󣬾һֱˣ뾫һó׺ͽΧжϡ
ͻȻһλ飬ܵϢ
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ҹеĻ֮أŮ˾Ǵҹݡ
޷ģµӡϢݿһҲɢŴȻϢƾ֤Ǿеġ
ڿഫҹȻͻɡ桱顣
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ϢĲҹҲٴεȵݵš
ǲ̫˵ı飬ӦѾˡ
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Ϭ֮ڶϺϿȡ
ƺߡڱ֮

һּ¼ϣʥλҲֻʴĻֻһ֣һԵı֮гҹġ
ʥλܣ
һҪܣԼֶΣ䣬Ȼһһ֣ȴ޾ĺѪ
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һ㣬ҹۣҲʲôȥǣÿ˶Լ뷨ʶҲǵԡ
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ɱ̫Ϊûɱ˶ϧΪʷԵǿĵ׳ء
廹Ҵ棬һ㵱ɵµʱǾᵽȻԼֶζʧˣǴô
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ĵ۹ҵϱӪΪеĹȡ
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ȻǱĻܲףΪƭԼƺҲٲΰǣҵȷġ
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˺ͬʱվ֮һ㡣
Ĵȫ飬ȵֱӺУԪ
ĩһľ
Ԫλ棬С汻Ϩ¶˽ڵҿ顣
ˮԪλ棬ƬڣֱӱԪλһ㡣
Ԫλ棬ҲʣȻī޾ռֲеķԪﶼɪɪ
Ԫλ棬Ƭ˷ΪɳĮʣµĴҲϿһѺۡ
ĴԪ׽ͬʱ
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žǡ
㣡
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ȻһǽȻ෴Ϣͼסˣ
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Եġߵ֮ȴǷ˺Ц
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ԣǸˣٸ㡣
ǣڴԤףλ;һ·˳磬壬ͽɣ㲻ⶫҲܹɰס档
˹ûƵģȻַƵͱ顣
ҹֻ׵ղĶһۣڿײ˾ҵĻ𻨡
룬ǻǻٶȼġ

ҼҵӸλ鷳ˣʣµģҲʦˡ


575 
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һڳƺ¶ĺ󱻿˹ĺһȾѪȵҹֱһѪ
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ȻǵѪеԨԴţǵĹϵܻܺңûҪ档
ҹлǵ֪Ʒ֮ͫѪԼ˿ȵģȻԴͷҲԼԼ滹ǹֵֹġ
ֻҹ˵꣬λҵȴɫĶһۣ⣬ѵǰε鲻븺𣬲˵ʲôʲô
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ʵ˾Ҫ׼Ĳ࣬ߵ֮ڼҹûгֵı󣬻ǺܿĽϣζߵأԼıشš
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Ϊǿʦ
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֮׼ħнԷҹȻҲֱͬӲС
ԼǿԼȭͷûȻѾɾ˴棬һǰ˹صذԼѡİ˴ȻҲĿǣӳس
ԼǰһЩ֪ʶ˽⣬ѡô
ûʲôԥ˳ӦŸоɷҹ뵽˱룬ıȺʯ֮״񽣡
ɱһСһСһСƻһУַӵ˼µ⾳Ľ֮ϡ
۹⣬İԼλĹ֮ģܸʹõı֮ϣıҲˣϧɷ̫أḯ飬ϰߡ
ҹİѽߵ֮ԴԺ˵ҲеЩϧ˵ʺϵĲõģźİ񽣲ʺԼ
ѡˡ
û⣬Ҫİѡ
ߵ֮ˬʵ˵
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εĿһλѾҪνСˣֻҪһ˿ᣬðգٴ󵨶Ϊ
ճ鶯ƺ۵ġߵ֮ȴҲܿĻָ˹
ȡְɡ
֣
Ǿͽ¾ݡɡ


576 Ψһ
޾ĸ߿գҪ븽ǽĽع
ӰȻ֣Ѿ׼ҹ롰ߵ֮˹ϣζ
·ããƲԼԼɼĵرʾһΰ˸С
ͷգ˹ϣζǷһеս⡣
Ǹƻļһڱ˹شͶԼҷһжϵΨһԽİ취
ҹ̧̧ƤһľȻ롰ߵ֮ˣͬʱڲδ˵Ļ
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ҵļһ²׷ǽȥ
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û˿ԥɣһͬǻһ֮С
ܹ˺ѷһУӴڸϽƻԶ˵û˿Ӱ졣
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һңԶųĿԵľ޴ƽ֮ţ֮䡣
⡫
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ԡҹء󡢼硢棬ΪʹĴš
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СҲǽġ
ȭͷĵ

߽֮ţڻжһָĵ߸بųΰ
ģӰʱ֮ǰ
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ǵְûֲ˵ñ˽ȥˣΪҪס
ǰȥ̽ǣĿѵǶ𣿾ֻˣҲܹסģȻѾעΪλҪðա
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ƻʱ򡭡
ʵʥλ
淢ǲ𡭡


577 Ϊ
˭ǵǰ°ܽ
ߵ֮˹ĹֱԸ񣬳ѷɫҹھֱӽʹȫը
ˣǷô˵ʹǰľ磬ôŭϵƴĨɱɡ
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û֮ţķ϶磬Ҳȫ˵أ
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ҵĲ֣ȫû׼Ӧļʹϰȭ֮ڲͻȻ޾һĹ
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578 
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󣬱ǿλͬ飬ֳһһӣȭƺѹ޾ա
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壬Ƕǡ
ʹһЦǱȻĿǱɨһյ
ƬʹȻӴ֮ԴĨȥԵԵĺɨһ⣡
ƺѾû˴֮
Ѿνˣ
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ʹ޾Ǵڵĸ
ֶοԴӸԴĨʹЩֶζΪЩȫν
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δȵʲô뷨ͿҹȻ˳һȭһȭûͣЪȭӰ
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ԣ
һʲô
԰ǿԼ治ĨЩѰʹԾԵѹƵ֮־Ϳת
ǴӸԴϸصһ
żʹļХԭΧȫһɢգҲѾǰ
νȴսͶԺ
һȫϢ
͸ոǶ̶̵ʱڣȻѾ֮һʧ
ȫȫıĨ
ųԣʹĵȾ黹Ҫѡ
һʧ֮һ֪Ҫõʱܲ
סҲҪһ
ҹʹ-ڤ𵽣ʧΪأ
˱˺󷽣ֱ֮ŵĳ
ȼ
һ׵֣ϵʵƺܹնɱһһһ㡣
ʹ-ңһֱҹǰ޾֮Уƺ˸ܵ˴صĺء
Ҫǳ½һ㣬֮رΪ棬Ϊأص޾
һԸҹģŹʹʹһΪҹʹȡʱ䣬һҲΪʹṩĹ
ԶԶԽ̻ʵ޾ԣͬһеĹԣ߶ѹȻӾĹ͸ҹϡ
˲Ϣٶȣ޷ֵ
֮˸ŹԣƺҪͬȥһ㡣
ʹ-ǽǿջ޻𺣣Ľߵ֮˽ȥһͣ
ȻϢھ·类ѹƣ֮ȴݵӵˡߵ֮жΪ˵Ĺṩ˷㡣
Ѿȥˣ֪סȻˣǾͼΪǿȹһˣ
ȻɱʹǾҪãʮָһָɣ
ǹᴩҹĿ¹ƺͻȻʲôֲѹƣҹʥǰĽĸ߶ѹѸټᣬ˲ϢͷݿĽͬ
ֺ޻εһȭǳĺأ͸ص޾еķֱʹӣһ̾ͽ˷飬˼ʹĺ󳾡
ӣһ׵ȴѾȫɰҹʹתɣ֮ѾʧȥӰȫȫһ֮ڡ
ܹն鳤ӡ
ɵһ̣˿ռϵľ룬ֱӳҹǰ
ƽ棬޷һն£


579 Ϥָ
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ɱ׵ɣѱ޴ѹѹȵȫĹʹ-ҫ˿
ʹʹзΪ˵һλû뵽ǿȻҲ޷ֿԷ
û뵽ֻȡһɱʱ䣬ȻֱһλԷľֱ£
ڤгɹ󣬾ѾˣʹɱǶԷԵֵ
οԷ֮ǰԼ־У⣬ǹֶΣ
Ƕصͬԣڸ޷γʲôЧĵֿ
һ뵽ʹ-ҫĵҲһƵɫսܲʲôоԸôһµĴڣԼܷҪʤһȴҲ൱гɾ͸С
ڳһն£û˿Ĳȴֱܸе
֮ȫֹͣ
Ȼһ̡
ͬ˿ռһɫָȴǵ˵֮ǰ
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һ֣նһУɰʹȼľױȻӲָס
һеĲƣӽ֮ɢȥ
Ϣ;һС
ȼŽɫӰ֮⡭
һѪ۸ָָ⣬ʥѪ¡
ȴ˶ѣ
ǡ
ʳָױͣĴָָ˳סпڣȫι̶С
ȫĽɫ棬ƺ붼˴˴
ѽѽ˲𡣡
һ֮ҽȣҪ֮ǰӹ滵ĵõ˵㲹䣬еԲǡ
£ָ£

īľ׵˵ɫԣԹͻȻһ㣬ɢȥ
ԭأ°ֺۼֻǲָƺɫ˿ڵӰ
ѪɫƽɨȫĹʹһۣͫһС
ⲻܣôܻģ
ʹɱ
ȻֻЧ
ҫоԼѾ߿ԷˣȴһĽԼٲһ
Ȼû뵽ǣ㹻ɱһȻûκЧ
һָס
Ũ֮Ǵô£
ǲģûˣݼ䣬վڡ
Ż£ҹһȭȴҲѾִ˹ʹǰ
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ΣӮˣҲûδԣǣҲڹлӮսȴ
ȻһȭѾеҫϵҹȴǹһ˿аЦݡ
ʲô֮ǰ޷ĨʹĴڸԴΪԱ߻ˣʱ䲻
ͻȻ䣬޾Ŀ־帡˹ʹ-ҫУһȭȴȫû֮ǰǼλֱͬӺɢ
ڱ֮ϴڽһ֮֮һıֽ⣡
ҪڸԴֱĨԼԺ֮ŵµĹʹҲѾԼˣ
㡭
ǰ޷ŻʶУҫĵײǸһ˿⡣
Լ˱Ϣ£ȴоϣھĸ²űסļһȴѾɳ˵ز𡭡
Լ˸˴ۣû˿ã˷ѵĺ壡
ӦȰ˵ɡ
䡫
ɢʹȥģ
ʹıĨȥ
ع֮ŵĻᶼûУ
һ̣߽ʧʹҲΪ¶һ˿ץ˱壬ֱӱսԽԽµġߵ֮Ť˲ӣһͶ뵽֮֮ڡ
Ƿ˹ʹᶼĨȥµصؽߵ֮¶Ҳ˵
о²ȫΪҲ̫û뵽㶨ˣҲŸ㶨һ
ߵ֮˹ϣζƺԼЧЩ
ѾܺˣҲð˵յģʹһɱȻ鴫
˦˦ָҹҲɷ֮̾
Ϊ˵ֵһָȥӣɲΪ˧ѹһһ㣬ѹŽڰĿ֮ȫָ֮ϣ
ģʽȼȫеڶԷΪ֮£ǵסһ
ԼĸǿѹƷ֮۲׽ǿ󣬿ݿԶԷ켣ݡ
ǿƼ򵥵һС
ʱֻҪƫ˺壬ԼķǴ͵ģԵסһ
ʹ񣬵ȼһлȡȴҲԶȫһ֮ϡ
ֻ۽ܹ̣Ҫһֻæŵġ
˹ϣζЦͷƺЩϧӡ
Ǹҿ԰ǿһ
ֻǾڴʱԴһ˿Ľ֮ȴǴһԴ˹ֻһֱǳԹϿϷĺʹ֮ǰ
ȻڿƷ֮ͫʹҹȴĹŹ֮ɫ
ոԹԣ̫̫㰡
ɫ֮·ֵӰϤɫλ˾Ȼһģһ
ֻʵȴŷ츲ص
λ̫̫ʱûϳԼԼʵ֣֮ʲôشʣ䷲䡣
Ĩȥ˼ʧȥʹݲǡ
һЩ˵ĹŹ֮Ҳܽ͵ͨˣѹֲԼԼҲ޷顣
ʶǷӯĸϿ˿ͣһϮصϤָУҹϿɵĵ˵ͷţȻûˡ
λڵĺʹȫʯˡ
Աߵġߵ֮Ҳһҹû뵽㾹Ȼˡ


580 ս
ƤЦⲻЦ˸оЩ׵ı£ҹӲͷƤͬ˹ϣζһͬ˱򿪵֮š
ʵĻƽţֻһ϶޾ĹҫƺƬҵĻնһ㣬̤б㱻ɡ
һʹľȷλĴλãս
ȫս˵ҲΨֻ֮һ;Խ롣
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뵽޾Ĺ֮»ָ˸֪һƬƺ̫硣
֮ŵӰ£ȫʧ˶ƾճֵһ㡣
һֹϣĹ͢಻۳Ƭ
سһֺɫĻĮ״ɳ
ҲƺɳȾһƬ
֮ûƲ㣬ûգҲû£ƺƬնƫԴ޵ĹԴһ㡣
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ߺƻصɳ޾ɱ
ԶԶԽĺؿռϣȫΪҲ޷ƿգǰҲ޷ƬнпռŲƣ˫뿪صʱܹܵǾ޴Ľ
̾ڿû⣬Ҫ·ž޴ġ
⣬սһλĹȣһλĹȣ
ǿռĺظУҹ˫۽ܽȻͬĹҲип
ʥλ棬Ҳ޷ӳܣ齵ٵܵһ㣬ıҲͬܵƣ
Ҳӵİ񣬿ǿ֮⡣
ǵĵƬȵˣȻûֱӳ棬ȻǶӣǵk˵ĺء
ҹ̧ͷĻɳ˵˲֪ǻϢǺϢݡ
Լԣûν֣֮ڡߵ֮Ȼ޷ӳȫ
漴ҹͳƻõħУ˿˹ϣζϡ
ˣúðա
ͻȻԼϵħУ˹ϣζҲɸеһ
ⶫڰջж޷ʾҹȷľܾһκûѯʵ˼
ҲֶԷ˽Ϊȷ޷ܵ
ɴʱոս뵽սԷֱԼϡ
⡭
𷢴ϽģʱûãǸһЩսɡ
ҹݺ¿˹ϣζĺ󱳣˸ģͬʱ۾Ҳƿħ֮ϡ
˵ûвᣬȻƭ˵ģ鲻ᣬڻҪõĵط
סħУߵ֮˹ϣζûнľܾûзлĻ
Ŀҹһۺ󣬱ֱӽħдԼؿڰ룬ƺֱӰԼ֮ڡ
ҹܹ˹ϣζڴ֮
ⷢĵص㲻磬ôΪĸӦܸܵĿ²ơ
Ժʲô𡣡
Ȼ˹ϣζԸֱ³嶯ôİôܻûһж
ԶԷĲΣҪԼͻˣ֮ǰԸȺʹҲҪѶľֱڲŸ϶ɣ
ҹ֮ǰһζ˹ĳ֣ȻԼһЩжϡ
֪Ҳûʲô壬ǲҪӰľˣȫȫӦ°ɣõ˶
Ա߿˹ϣζްθߵϢҹû˵ʲôûĻ֪ΣӮһж˵ӡ
λߵ֮Ը񣬲ʺսǰ֪һЩڵ¡
û˵ôಢû壬ɣһҪӦһ£Ӧѷʽս
˹ϣζһЦֱӵԸƺֱӽѹȥ
սΪߴ֮һĹԨһԳһ磬θı䣬Ԩһλ棬ӵħУڴ˵ҲȻԷӳܡ
˹ϣζ޾๬ֱӼܹһƬ磬һȭͷǱŷһȦȦ
ҹԷٶȣҲЩпħеĿ£˵
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ҹĻ˹ϣζҲɵͷ
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ħУĹ屦ӵְȨܵ޷ʹãΨֻİãõҲÿ¡
ϧҲǰ˹µõħеļӳҲԶȫӦܲǿλ鿹ⶼûգοǵk
㲻˵𣬽ΣҪ𣿡
˵ҲǣһϣһõĽҪݶ黹źã߰ɣ
Ѿȫħ磬սȥ󣬿˹ϣζĵҲ޾ĺ
ǡƺ
֮ǰʥɽˡ
Ȼˡ
ǡ
Ҳֲֻˡ


581 ħ
硣
ҹʱյ⣬ǰϵһЩ֪ʶѾܹƲóǱ׽һ硣
ȻϣԨǸǿ磬ʵȴĴԪࡣ
ֻΪħĴڣøļӹǿ硣
սҹҲܹˣػ϶ɵ磡
ҪȰǿȶö࣬ȴһĲͬ
Ӵͽ֮۳ɸҲְȨܵļӳɣȶԼǿڰһȫƿء
ģĵk﷢ӳΪǿҲܵȴ޷ĶԴ˵ؽиı䡣
ĳ̶ֳϣЩԼˡ
ǻǿְȨͽҪĴ۰ɡ
üְȨܡ
ԲεkǶѡػάȶ
ϣֵʱ򣬾岻ôȵҪõʱҲǻֵģǰһ
Ϊߴ֮һս񣬾ƿսйصְ
ͬʱַĴ
ܼĹȺУҹ˹ϣζѾǰһͷȻֻ޾Ŀտ
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ͨһЩƷԿһʱ֮ǰﻹӦеķ
ȻӵλȡĴڣΪߴ֮һս񣬿Ҳ˵Ŀ꣬kԼ֮ʱҲκˡ
ǰĳ֪ҹҲóԼۡ
һϣ϶Ҫֱӵġߵ֮Ҫǿöࡣ
벻һ·һ±ࡣ
õҹʾ˹ϣζɻȻ
˵kǶ˳ȥֻԼһ˹
ӦһλλӵҲĻᣬǲûõĿܡ
ڽ뵽սʵҹĿռѾɣϾֻ˵ͬ˹ϣζһͬɱ磬û˵Ҫһ߱
ӵأĿȻǴڵġ
kҲûа취ǡ
˹ϣζҹ˼ȴôãʵµͶˣڵսһֻ˵Ĺǣ˭ţôᡣ
ұ˶֮ʹöԵ˽⻹㲻ʣӵְõkǵȨԼӰǡ
ģǼȻˣЩսжУΪӣkǻǵġ
ҹ򵥵ĶԿ˹ϣζ⵽гš
žԵǰû˶˼һǿĹҳ⣬ԱߵڹԼҲ״ĻǾлԼ߳ģϷʵѡ
˵Ĳ²ҹȻһһ
ǸһԼǿ󲨶ȻǿսȥҲӦһ¡

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һ۵ľͷ­ŰϢɺ˫
ľ޴졣
ڲӴ˸ŽɫɵĽıֱ
ֱյƺȻƶ޷ķΧ
ܳһֱŰͷϢƺκ鶼ᱻϢȾͬ
ֻ֪սֻ֪һеķӡ
ħޣ
ӵһѪħ䵮Ŀħޣս˹
սףţɹλĿ´ڡ
֪ǿħޣ
Ķʵ̫żΪңԶľ룬Ҳڱҹ
ħޣսİ裬ƺǶԼkҲΣȻûиߣȴҲͻƽһߡ
ħɽһƻãֻ޵еľ޴󹬵֣Žա
һģȻԶԶԽɽһħޣݻ̶ʻݶһ
£սĹ͢kϳս
ͬʱҲѹսľΪǿ֮ء
˵սҪǧѡ
Ϳ쵽Ŀĵˣ˵õĻæء
ҹʼоݵ˵˹ϣζǸеģڷ֣ƺ鲢š
ֻҹӴԼܵ˾޴вħޣȴǳһ
ѵû֣̫˳˵ûһָ·Ҫòҵս
ҹôһ˵˹Ҳɱһ㶡
˵
ţԼǵİ֮һˣһжȽⶫ˵һᣬôа𡣡
ҹǱĿħޣǹԵסħޣƺף
ƺ˿񱩡Ѫ֮ӳɵս»ᳬ
𵽾޴սΪҪ
ܹˣôܻߣ
ȻǶ൱İղŻˡ
˵⣬̤սԽʯܹɹսսʸ
Ը˹һûаգõ͸ҵħкҪһ涼޷ԸǺʲô𡣡
˹ϣζ۵Ҳֳһս⡣
ҪһʵĶԼǰĶֵһս
ˣǾϰɣҸϢ֧Ԯ
ֲϣҹѾ޷ˣӵƷ֮ͫӵݿ⣬ֻҪ־ӣܳΪΪԤ


582 ְȨ
ǰɣƽʱսӽǣû
ҹ־ӣҹƷ֮ͫ׽
Ѿõħеļӳɣ˹ɵɴ۾ƺǸе˲˼顣
԰ļʶڵõħе֮󶼻¶ֱ飬Կĵ𾪡
Ǵ˵еıۣ֮֮
ǹϵĵһѪû֮һ飡
оҪǺһսڿɫᱻ
ԼΪϵȫȫλơ
ͬģΪƹһսսսҲ֣ܹһֱõּӳɣ
ˣ֡
עͣźܸӵĹȨ޲ȨӦǡ֮Դҧס˿鶼޷⡣
ҹĬĬĽţҸԼƶϡ
㹲ĶһҵȻܹףģޱĴ棬ǲҧõҵġ
һ̣˹ϣζֱӻһ⣬ɽһħ޳ȥ
ֵ̺֧Ӵħмӳ֮󣬿˹°˹ڴˣԼҸһȭ
ƿһܵ
ͶԱħޱ΢һ㣬ȴ׵סǷŰħע⡣
ϸСϣеŨв
һ̣ͷ­ƺʧ˿˹֮ǰݺݵĺ£
սι̣ƺһƬռ䣡
񱩵ľ磬ݻ˸ཨʯ衣
ĽҲѰľһ㡣
Ψֵսƺನ͸˹ȥ
Ǳŷɹ䶼˰صĿ˹Ҳɾһ亹
һеȨ⣬ƺӵһ֡˺ҧСȨܣ
ǿǹҰȥǲȨܣˣ
ѹ֣ѹⶫᱻսſ
һе޽ǲıضһû˽λoֱܱɣ
һͷħޣô˿µܣ
ϣֻɹλġ
ӦȨܣսĳһս͡
ҹԤδܵһʱ䷢֣Ȼֻ֮ˣҹй䣬ݿ⼱תݹȥ
ٴ·һֱܿһ˹˫Уų˻Һɫľ޴ԡ
â֮Уƺܹǧ顣
ɽˮޣũԡ
һ֮Уƺͼ
ݺݵնӴ֮ϣѿڡ
һն֮ڽ俳ڣ
Ȼħ޵ԣȫһϣԵúƽӹˡ
һ֮ǰٴ˲ǽڽӴն˿ڣȴȻѾѸԭ
սļӳ֡
ƺˡƣԣ
ⶫô򣡡
˹ٴ˲󣬲һ˹ĸо
սħеԼ֮ϣ
Լ飬ûЩȨܣʵǿһ֮ͲԽ俳ɰȴû˿塣
ԶԷֲĹһһʧ֣Ϳܱ븹С
᲻֪϶ܹ׶Էк֣ԲҪԣ
ǿƷ֮ͫļӳɣҪˡ
ѹֻᱻΪأ
һ߽ԼҰȥҹһ߷ݿƵѸٸս֧Ԯ
ΧսԼҧϵȨܡ
ҹ侲˵
ڼ֣ҪǱԣ򲻹ôǿ޷оû塣
Ȼȵ˹·˺ˣǾû취ˡ
ҹĻ˹չжϵĻߡ
;л̽ԵĶ˹һ֮ϵĹƽ̯
¿˹õħеľ޴ӳ֣͹Ҳ𵽶á
ֱһڣһֻЬӵʧһȫҧʧ
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һħѲȨѾ
һʱ䣬˹ѹ
֮ǰܵıȫй˳ħӴ˷ն
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ǰɣÿһںҵİ־黹ۣİɣ
˹ոںħУ̤۷壬ڵһγͱӶĽˣֱȫ޷
⣬ӵе
һЩ齵ٱ֣ȫֲΣ
ϧ㲻ʹ֮Ȩܵıʶһ֮ܡĸ軯ǲģҵһµģ̫ˡ
ҹҲü֪ԺԼǲҲת䣬һȨԣԼһȭ֮˭Ҫʲôġ
ιι˭ıôȥҲᱻɣ
Ŷ뿪ˣ˼Ӧǡ̤ر޾
ҹΪ֮ʹõĴˣݿ֮ǰսݵĽϣǺܿҵƽⷽʽ
ڴʱһϢ֣һ֡
λȵȵȡ
ҰһӰ֡
ţƺһλˣϵˣơ
ֻͷϵһöƬǵļ
Ƭȴһӵ֮ڣ
֮һ
ս
ǰشk˱͵Ϯɾ˼صеĵһ滻λ滻
Ȼ֮ǰħɢĶԼǵkֱˡ
ħ޵ʵǿվҲǴ壬ֻһħޡ
ֻҪħޣͻܵĽƣkʹȨء
ѹսҪԼѹҪʩӿѪʧȥǣ£ĳϾǷԼλ£
ȻսˣɲֻԼˡ


583 
ᡣ
ӰҹԼ۾ѾȫѪѹĿ˹Ҳעת˲ֵӰ֮ϡ
Ȼ۾вԣλoְȨҲս񲢲ܶɶвֻһԼȨħ޹ϵͶӰ
վһλ飬һλһӷ̤磬λ滻顣
˵һλӵѪˣڵĲų壬ɾ󣬽ȫԼ
λõģûж⣬Ҳûж⡣
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䡫
һսᣬ綼־ָ֮
һʵĻ棬նܵȼտ棡
֮֮ĹҲɹĻǽɫ޵Ӱ
Ҳkõһ˽ɫѪ
սȨ˵һ¶˲֧ƣ̬ȻkѾǿ֮ĩ
ɼˣսȻǳɹһì޾ĹԽ˶˽ȥѹơ
ҽս˫ʶĺԱʵΪ˹ۿûκвӰ
Ҳû޹ؽҪϡ
̩̹֮
˭ʤ޹أ
ꡫ
&֮屻飬޾ԣηƶƾʧ˴˴ϻת
߸ϵλo޵еսǰҲȻ
ԭֻλ֮
˹£գȻҪң޷Ȩܣ
֮ſ񣬿ҡҡ׹Ѿȫݽߵ޵ȫų˷֮ɫڵͬʱϴŷһеѾŶԷץȥ
սλߴ֮һλڻҪҵϣ
ɾڴʱ
͡һһֻɫֱۣȴǴӱͱ֮ĺɫ·ֱ֮ϸkȫ
˻Ľ֮
λܵǵġ
߯ǻؼ֮µӰ֮
Ϊһóսoܹ߯ͱ֮񣬱ȫϵצĶ-֮ı£
޾ĺӰ֣ɢ˿µħϢ
ƺԨڶĿ顣
ͬʱһƾ۵ƣſ˹ϣζʧ֮ץȥƺ֮ҪħҲץһ㡣
ĳλ顣
սȨѾ޷ٷ֮ʱдĻ֮Ӱ͵˳
ԱȶԣʼλoֻǿθСˣ
׻ᣬkģɷգҲͬ󣬿ϧڿҪ˺֮ϣ
һλվǳ
־棬ǰ˹ȫĬȥûǰޱߵš
ֻ߯ȻЦ
С磬û뵽ôܼôǺأ˼ҵͶӰˣԺҲͶӰˡ
Ѿӡ֣֮߯һǰ֮ŶƣսƣһѸٵĺˣԽǸҧгݵӰݵ
ҲûԺԣ
û뵽ôٴλ˰ɣº󣬱ȻҪú㣡
ֱʱҹǻ̧Ѫˮɺͫתٶȿ˿һ۾ͷĿѣķȻڼ٣ѾҧѪĺ˵
ȷҵϣҲãô飬һɣ
ҹ֮ǰ˹ϣζʱ䳬ɵĽҲ̼䱻˳
̩̹ƽ֮ɲƳսķ֮ͬƳĽļ֮磡
һֱܣ˹ϣζĻĨȥҲûгԷ
һֱȵڣ
һֱȡʱ䣡
һֱһУֽһУƿһУ
Ϊľڣ
սĳɾͣԤĹ켣ɲ֣һаҲҹڱ
ϵĽɫ棬Ķ˺ڻ˺֮ɫ
ͻȻ䡣
һĿ֮Ȼ١
ĩһĺƬս˷츲صı仯
ϱĸƺֱػˮĴԪλغϡ
ÿһģһ֮
ɱһС
һС
һС
ƻһС
ĹɽĴԪϣԭμĽޣ̼ͻ
ز֣һ塣
һаĲ֮Ϊ߻ĵӰ֮¡
γһܵػˮĿ½




591 
ʲôΪҸоҵȨܱжˣ
Ҹܲҵӳˣ
ҵ֮Դжˣ
ʲô

ս˾ðӰ
رû֮ȴһֵķԼϵš
ƺĪ⽣֮ھܵ˿ѹһ㡣
ƺרƵĿ½
ȫȫԣַԣһ
⣬רΪɱĽ
߯źͲ˼飬ôܣΪʵ̫ӣСȻľٶ
ǰ˹ʱĵ׳ء
ʼkڳ̬˵ȷ;ƿ֮࣬Ž˶ˮ̬Ȼ⣬ٷһȨܻǰõģ
ڣkȴ֣Լ֮ǰҲԵôԡ
ƺǶԷȨܵıһ㣡
һźɫĲ֮ǽĴļһðԭϵĽɫ棬ȫ˺ɫ
Ӱȫģֻһ˫˫ͫ
Ȳ꣬ȶ䣬Ⱥڰڰ
һвڰԴͷ
޾ڰԴ㡣
ϢֺƬҵĻҲȫͣı񽣶Ϣ
Ҫֱӽڳħ
Ǻǡɣ־ɣɣ
ҹģʽ³Ƶ˽˲ֺ󣬱ֱӵȼ˹֮ΪһԴͷ
޾ĸ˼ͷеĺڰ汻޷Ŵһױɡ
ڻı顣
޾ɱ¾޾
˶Ҫ
ҪΪ˹Ϳ˹ϣζᣡ
λһԣʱ˿̴˵أǱҪȷ³ͻǰ֮зΪ
һӰû˵꣬һ޾֮Ŀ½Ѿɨ
޷ֵݿࡣ
ֱӽӣ
˳ģȽϽλҲȫС
ֱƽ׵ıǰĨȥûһ˿һĺۼ
һλ飬Ȼû˿û˿ֵıĨɱ
Ƥֽͼһ㡣
Ҫ֪ս֮һ֮¶Թ֮Ҳ˶
ӵӵְȨܣһʵ̫ˡ
ȴˮһļ򵥡
ǹаЦݣǰвµĿˣҹҲ췢˺׵
ӭƷ磬
ӿĪжȨϵħҲòӲͷƤеֿ
⵽ʲ
ۡᴩڳħ֮ϳƽϲ㣬ڣɢ
ΪʲôҵȨܲʹã
󡫼ɱ֮ɨֱӻ˻ӣƬɡ
ſҡ
ۡ

˺
㡭
ȡ
겻ú
Ϊ

ɱһֱӻ飬޾ڰɡ
֮£ⴹսλħ񣬸߸ϵħܵ׳ݵħռŷħȴ緲һĿ
һ㣬һʧ
ȫȨܣԵԱ֮Եа֮Ϊ
ȫǲԳһ浹
Ŀûһ˿һã
ˣҹϵϢʢƺ޾һе
ԪĽ磬ҪֱϽ뵽ػˮĴǹ֮ڣɾԼһ㡣
޾Ӷᣬ޾ɣ޾͡
Բֱ޵ϡͣһ̾ҪΪ֮Դħͷ
Σ
Ȩܡ
һᴩ˽֣һ߿µĺڶ֣һغһǰռĸߴӰ̤롣
֮֮-˹
ͬkҲųһֹаϢȫ˵ͬӰ죡
ţ֮һ̫а񣬹Ȼˡ
ֻǸոտ˴֮أƹ˻Ȩܵĵ˹ɫһ
ôȥܵȫɣ
Լվػ飬һԼҲΪ޸֮Դ
ԣҪ־ִУ
һյһָҹȥ޾Ļ޾ưܡ
ָ֮ǰһУޡ
ĵ֮ĽȻ֣ȴǻ⾳һָȫն
ۡ
ңңһָĵ֮-˹ǰɢĶָҲ޾
ÿµ
Σʵûг󣬸ĶǽͬĻĽ磬ưܵս
Ӧȫ޷Լǡ
õȫȨܣǶԼЧ
ʧأѾʣ޼Ĳߣƹܻĵ֮-˹ȫ޷ܣڶֵĿɴǵħ
Լ£
־Ūѣħ磬ͭʱߣ˹Эһ֮ͬһͬ汣㡣
һ֣׵ڣסǿʼֵħС
ʧħܲ
Ҫ磬鱾ȶԣԴΪܣ
˵֮񣬻ڵkδưɢ֮ǰ»ص
һ䱾νάȶĻĽ磬ȴܳ⣡
Ů-ǣЭһµͭ-˹һ֣ͬ
ֵͭӰƲڴ˽֮ڣһ֡
ڵĵ֮
Լһֻ֣Ҫһܱȫս
Ȼͬʱ񼶱Ĵ
һ˽һ֮ƻ֮ĺġ
ܵ˵֮־ʴҹҲݿ£ָѡ
ϴû׼һȫȥΪ֮
ԼӶˣ˹ϣζҲˣһ
˺ոʹ죡
ѳ첻꣡
û뵽ȫȥ󣬾ȻȻҪô
רĴǿҲܵס񼶱Ĵڡ
ͭ-˹ضˣ
ⲻԼϰ
ԵkǴӲɬʱյ˵ǰһΣkĳӦ
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Σ֮ǰҵĿҪﵽ
һ̣ҹͬһһĺ֮ڡ
һص㣬ȴս-˹Ƴĺġ
ŵkǲȨܣkıʵʵδܵӰ죬ϴŮĳŵȫûȫΪ
ǰԵȨܣƻٶҲ죡
ҹʱǺѾkδ
Ƭ綼һֱС
ƻ˴˵أkȴҲǿ֮ĩֶѾ
ſռҹ˹Ҳ¶˸ӵɫ
εŵԣǽԣ˵ᱣԼͻᱣԼ֮
ڣԼҪǰ⣡
û뵽գô
شkģֻһȭһֻǰһеȭͷ
ҹȻٸԷʱĻᣬɱֻǰһΣ
һȭ֮£ŻһиԴƳһԼ⾳
˵ֱ¹£ƣʱ䣬ܻٵµĲ塣
صĿҹһȭ˹Ѿûٶһ˿һ
Ѿ;ƿݣ⿿ԼĲ壬Ҳ׿ƻġ
Լߴ֮һԼһս֮ԴԼս޲ʤս񣬰˹
˭˵Ҫ壬ȶԣ;ƿݵ־͹ˣ˹Ҳһش㣬µ˿ڣѾˣ
԰˹ŵĻҹûܵ˿Ӱ죬ڤڤа˹µĴ֮ϣһȭȥ
һȭĲϿҹĲƿذա
һȨܵĳΣѾһȭ֮£
һת⾳ȭһ
ûʲôһȭ˵ģУǾȭ
ܵǹȨܵĳΣܵһԼİԵ˹ɫһ䡣
գǷһеӣ¶Ǹա
Ϊ񣬾ҲҪϣķŭй
Լء
޵һգԼô
ǺǣѾﵽȨܵôѾܹԼˡ
һȭѾＫ޵İ˹棬վŷ
һ£δйڡ
ķڷ
µʱ̣˹δԵֿеڣkԼΪ档
һȭӡս˹Ķͷ˳ӦŰ˹µ־ˣ˵kһƵ
һǣԼͷϸӵơ
񣿱ǸǲҪߵ·ҲԸԼ֮ڣҵδǳ󺣡
˫۶ʧȥǲϵתһ̣սźնУƺҲӰͬѪɫͫס
û˿ԥҹͽԼа״̬£ܷŴ޾ȫź֮ڡ
ƴݻݿģļܹһȶĽӿڡ
ȷԵķй
ֱӽսźԼնһ


592 ֮
ҹа񻯵ǿֶ죬վ֮۵λͬʱҲܿ顣
ոưܣһͭӰǻգײʵʱ֮вӰ
ͭԱֵͭĻ٣ÿһζƺ˳ӦȻְÿιҲἫΪѸٵʧ
ǵkΪǿһͬʱҪĴۡ
Ȼÿζ´Ҵң˵ʤҲǳ֮ˣǡ
֮-˹ƳԼ¾ڽɢػ֮ʱҲԼ
ĵҲ˿ʼ˵Ҫһͬˣk൱ɵˣͺðˣ
һֱز鲻̽ΪkսλԼ̫˽ˣ
֮ǰԻûõk
ȴǲͬأǰŹֽܣȻҪ˵ĵkóȨܡ
Լ˵Ѿûвԡ
ǵʵԪ֮Լüıס֮ǻŮ֮λһֱǾκ¡
ԼҪԵģΨһλѣ
ΪעƽĴŮӦµսҲȻҪվԼߣŻȷƽ⡣
ֻزֹ
kγҪսսļʵ
ȷǳŵ˻ᱣkɸŬǾǿԼԸˣ
ֻҪԼڳǿӲ̬kȻȻľͻȥ
Ǹǿ࣬ҲȫΪǡ
Ǻǿ󣬳ԽԼԷ׵⣬пܻɱ;ƿݵս󲹵
øǸɲ⣬ͺ塣
ոջȡսλ޷ƿҲ޷Ȩܡ
״̬Լּ֮
˶˼ô಼֣һУƿһУƽõkǻӻĬϣվԼӮˡ

˹߰ļһ⾭ҵѣվǻֱӳΪҵ
Լ¾ԿȨ֮ܵڰ֮ǲĺѡ
ҵkĳһλΪս󣬻ܿճԼλԼϡ
˲õջͷա
ҲҷѾĻ˴
Ȼ󣬵˹±ɫĿعɢĻ֮иֵҹսӰ
ȫš
ΪΣԼоսǼһôָˣ
ΪθоսǸֵ࣬ͬϢ
꣡
(sF)sة
(sF)sة
(sF)sة
(sF)sة
ǡ˹ˡ
ɫ֮Уӵ׺֮֮ƿȻƽĴŮ-ǣЦһƺҲеһ˿Ȥħ俪ٳһֱͨĵͨŶ롣
Ϊ飬k޷ֱʹħУΪŮֻҪܹ뵽ģkܹԼػصְã
kҪ֮ǰƻˣȫָ
飬һЩһĵһ£һЩֱɱ֮С
ôȤķˡ
˵ս񣬺Ȥ

ӣǳٶ۰
ٿսҹҲɸеһ;ƿݵս־Լһȭɱǰս֮νѾȫʧȥꡣ
ԼŴĶעУΪҪסƻƵָȴȫʧȥԡ
ֻİԼָ¡
֮ǰԤܹԼԻ˵ʲô㡱֮໰ܸɷ˵ĳ̶ֳϸһԼʹõı
Ұͬ鱾
Ȼǿ˵Լڵı嶼Ҫǿö࣬а񻯺ҲǶ֣аʹҲֻסӡ
ϲڵҹ˵ȴе˺ӡ
Ȼ·ߵѡȷأ֮ѧԼʹþ͹ˣȫûҪʲô
һãҲǲˡ
ֻǿϧ
ѾȫɢĿ˹ϣζϢҹҲһȻ
ʥɽֹԼɱľٶô
Ȼѡ˸ҵķʽԼжֶԹʧֲ
ǣȻᶼ°
ɶļһҸԼȫϣʲô쵰
ȭҹĵҲɷһ̾Ϣ
ʧˣһᣬɹˣǷһҲ޹ؽҪô
ȻҲǺһὲʲôֻֻ֣Լͷͨ˽󱿵
ȻǺԸͬι
һ󣬲пѹͷ˸УҹսͬʱĿһŤģĵ֮
˹Ϊºôϲô
ͷһĵ֮ԥǲ̽һµĵ֮ʱҲȫը˻ܵŭ
˹ҪѹһеŭͬλµսкϾ˫ְŻԣսл𣬻Ҳܴս
ȻͭʹԼźܴƫԼδҲҪΪôȤ
ΪȻ޷ﵽͭĳ̶ȣͨĳڤڤĸӦδȴҲѾܹ쵽ǰ֮޷ͽĵһѾȷɣ
ȻˣҲԥ
ƬΪս¶磬ڵ֮ſЦ֮¶˲
Ȥ˵Ļս˵Ļһλλ͸ܹ±˰˹壬սܹü֣
ս񣬻Ǹһɣ
ı仯˹ȴǺܿЦˡ
ֻȼŽɫҹͬɢɽɫԵ޵֮غһɢ޾ܡ
սҲˣ
ǰ̫ϤأȻˣǻǽһЩȨܣԼϰɡ
Ѿȫս֮ںϣʼսȨܵҹƤЦⲻЦĿ
١ϲĵСԻôãһͲ֪ջΪʲôô죡
Ϥ޵̬ǡս޲ʤϤȨܡ
˹˱
껹ܺϡ壿
һ֪
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ܺãԼѡڵԨ㣡
ű׵֮Ҳѡ˱âֱ˺գػԨ
ﲻԼսҲǴѡϱһȭ㹻˵⡣
ȡ衣
˴һȭȭͷҹҲѸԼսֿ
֮վҲߴ֮һһγ䲻ռ˵ˣҹҲΪԼѾӮˡ
Էóģս޾ķλӣԼ㲻
ãվսַռ˾Եơ
Щֺۣϡ˸оֵֹģҪĻԼı壬̫Ĳ̫࣬
ţųа񻯵ӰԼıҲҹеЩŹ֡
Ϲֵֹģʮǹڸǹڰǹ֪ڸƽڸĹнˮƽ
ڸڸѪڸڸΪϴΰ˹ħеĹϵһֱ򼶱

ػˮĴǹȴΪ˻Ľ磬ѾͻΣ
ӹȥܷÿһһԪλ棡
Լ߱߰ҪƽⰡһͷؽĺա
ȫӵǻãƽĻ̫ˡ
վҹеһԴأôѣС
ʱԵڵһ㡣
Ӧʲô취ʱһƬ
һԴϢѸٵ޸ǰưܵһС
ʱ䵹Ҳʲôת
ƾǴһ㡣
֮ٵսڿٵĻָµĻĽҲ۳ͣ
ŤգƱһɲɿܵΰĨƽѹ
⣬
ֱ赲統еĿ
ڴŮ-ǵõħеָ뵽ĺ󣬾Ȼ˿µܡ
ҹ֮ܵǰս񣬱ûɱɾ飬ʱƺҲ֮Ѹٸա
Ȼϣʵĸӹѡ
ֲֻİԵãҲֱĨڼм䡣
㲻Ĩ䣬λ滻Ӱ죬λo֮µĴҲǵסǡ
ҹǣ¿ʼù滮仯֮УƳ˲µļλ顣
߯ҲС
ȫĿǻۣ˻̼
ʱ⼸λҴ飬һĶڽɪɪ
ܣ
kǿûе֮ĵȻңֻܰں̬ȣĵȴС
Ǻǣսԭٵˣǣʱúñһ°ɣ¡
ҹ˸һ󣬱
ѵ롣
߯ڣڵأȴҹָ
˳Ϊս߯ԼȨܹһһ
ȫ޷ļһҲֻܾĵȴˡ
δļʱ㣬˼ȼˡ
ҹһʱ뵽ģҪܽǰźֲʰĶӵ޼塢ȼҶϺ黹֮ձɱɪҪֲһ¡
ȻõĴ𸴣ȴȻǽϣ
ڵ֮սųͺƹӦһ㣬ڰ˹ӹ֮󣬱˵ǵkǣҪûʲôð취
ǵ˹̹ռ䵱зȥǿҲ˺ܾõʱ䣬һûԵɷֹħ
⻹ΪھóֵĶħˮҲǲʥλ
ֻܰԼݿ⹹ĽṹɷӦսû취ʲôַˡ
ֻ߯ƺҪֲԼ֮ǰӵĹʧС̧Ǿۼòӣ˵
ˣ˵ļµУΨֻһܹ֡
зҹ߯Ļ󣬵һһҲУôеϣ
˵˹̹ǵȼȥķˣΪʵ΢ϳĴڣܹϹ취굽ȴҲڴˡ
߯С˵ڴ˵أλoһּͿ԰ƽûʲôѶȡ
ģҪôڻĽҰȫ޳ĪҪôѾǣ˷ʥλȫûвֵء
ķвֵĻᣬҲֻˡ
תƵ
ǸΪӰѶȵĹϵǵkҲѰ쵽⻹ǽƾkԸܹģΪħܹԼ֮չ뵽帹أǼطΪҪ
޾֮սȻҹ֪ʷ˵ûгɹġ
õĴ𸴺ҹҲֻεķ̾ϢھôľѾһζĳ˸֮С
ѾԼҲع飬ⱿսҲֻܿ趨ԶĽͽķԼɷˡ
ַָѶȵ⼸һﶼ޷ļһ͸ûпˣֻеȵԼعϵٴμ󣬲ܹͨʹá
ұϾаնķأΪ˱ԱӰ죬⼸ǧʱҪ취һ²źá
ˣ߯£˶ɢ˰ɡ
ͷĻ˻֣⼸λѸ뿪Ϊʲô߯Ҳỳɡ
Buffƹ԰ȨܣƶԶˣ˭ѳֲסɡ
߯һ˿̬ˮĿҹ
Ҳ֮ǰֵô
ҹ´߯ҲɫţȷܲأͶܹ֮ĵױԵ
ԼݿⲻܾȨܵӰ죬Ҳݰɡ
ٴλع飬ŻиǧʱɣʱҪҷĸ
ҹĵͷ˵߯Ǿ֮ϣ¶һãȻô
ұűͺã㲻ɱҲȫ;йȥġ
ҹԼսһץס߯ĸ첲
ֱͨݹˣ֮½ĴУǵỬָоĪеꡣ
Ϊǵڶְ巽Ӱô巽ȨԼݿⶼû취ȷ£ԽЧԽð
⼸ǧͰˡ
һ£ҹڣҹЦеĶѾԼ޹߯˰֡
ڼʧתʱյһ̣ҹͨܵǷ˺޷С
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Բۣե֭Ŷã̫ˡ
LEVEL+1

ٴλعռ䣬ӺҹҲܵ˿ռȫͬ
ǰԼֻǱĳΪռʹߣǱǿз䣬ҪԼֱӷͷ
ҹȴǸܵˣԼȻΪռİˣ
½ǷսռȨҲѾԼͷϡ
ת䣬ҹƺܹӵʹͬʱ
ҲʹĿԴȷĿ£ĸʹĻǸ֮еʹ
ܹǵȻΪʹ
ҹȨڤڤеĸӦ˿УһϤӰִſռ䷢ļ򵥸
填
̧̧֣ܵУҹʱֹͣ˴ŶԷȥĳ嶯
аȵż򵥶ݵӣõġ
ҹѡֱ˳ռ䣬ع鵽
ܹӵսȨޣҲ˵ôԼ趨Ľű򣬵ȷûгʲôʡ
ȻˣҹȻȻľͼ¹硣
ֻһɲǣǧѹĸʵAVԴ괥еľͷȫӿԺһԵѹݿ⵱С
Ȼ½ֻ΢һͱݿ棬˽ϡͳɫħ׳ա
ҹȻһ£оԺһƬհף¶һһ͸еʪɫĹ顣
ùɽ֮⣬ԭڱ仯ǹָ֮ɢ͸˹ʺҹǻɢɫζӺ
ǿɲֹ˽Ų
ԲۣôоٹȥҪܳˣĪµɫ


ʮ ս֮


594 ̳Ʒ
ӹɣ»ȡ˶սĿȨҹҲĪϱ仯
ȥ֮ǰǧľȾ⣬ֱͬҹܵһеսһеսƬһӿ룬ȴָԼʶ֮⡣
ս֮ϣ硣
ֻҪͷһ鿴ÿһսϸ
ͽǻ۵֮Ҳÿ¡
ǧ޸սҲѾ޸ΪǿɳĻеʽ쳣¡
ҹҲܹͨԶ̸ӦӦڸǻ
ƺԼǰӵܣӽǣһۿȥֱ̽Ԩ
Ǳ˼ǧ߯Ϊǧʱ䶼ڶְȨܵأƺϢøǿ˼֡
ֻǱ˼ǧ꣬ƶ˫Ŀһֱ滵˵ӡ
սȥƺǱܵҪǰźЩʲô
һˣʱĲȻЩȫйˣ͵ֲ㵱Ĺʧˡ
ҹս֮ĮĿڣһ˫ĿãȻ߯˸飬лָɡ
ˮĿҹһֽѺ˷֮ɫڣҪຣˡ
⼸ǧĶʲôӣԭΪԼĵڶȨܣطԲս񣬵κΡս޲ʤȨ̫ԵǻһսҲͬȨܵѹơ
ֱ
ӭ˻ع顣
ǺƼһõڵأȴǱ¶һ崿̬
ðɣȫаֹĶˣŸոຣɲһΡ
صذڳ崿ϢļӳɣȴҲһ༫µҲעˣ϶ðڡ
ЩͷĻ˻֣ҹֱӸ˵
ţɣʱٽսϵټһΡ
߯Ȼٶֳͣ˵̬ѹؿڵֹ߹˸󣬱ֱɢ֮ڡ
ڰµļһ˺ҹ·ϡ
ıϾ˹ɢҲ̶ֳȵųôΪϵ߷ԵҲҪoõöࡣ
սӽǸӦһҹǴ׵ջҪֻ뿪ǰһۣȴǴԽɨһɫ֮ϡ

˹
ǡ
ʱҪһˡ

Ҫ־ع鱾壬ҹıҲôʪ⣬ƺǻָ
ðɣȻЩAV浽ݿ⣬ֻҪһ棬ȫж侳Ĵ̼ˡ
Щˬ
ЩͷжԺƬܽˣ᲻ֲŰ
ÿôоĪͱ˾ˣ༭鱾̲ܵ˰ǡ
ҹ߿ʼԴܻ˺
ԴǱϵô
ˡˡˡ
ع󣬱ϲĿڸƵôԼſ׵Сȭͷ
Լȡսλļ֤ʱӵλѹƣµ֮óԼܵkԼٰԵΪҲȻܵҳ
ȴҲû취ȫǡ
ңǣԼϵСԻѾɾ˰֮λ
ֲεߣԼռȶһˡ
һʳһСԻҹҲĥڵ»治٣Ԩʱ϶ҲҪȥһεġ
ԭ֪Ϊε֮СԻԼôִţڿרŵˣҪԶԼΪô
ߣ
ڵ֮ӵսҹҲȻǼɵ
ϣԼռϷ磬ɵֶ֮ȴ̫̫ˡ
ս޲ʤҲûõġ
Ҫ£ܶ

ʱҹս־ҲǸոնɱ̻ɽۣ֮֮۵֮ճ֡
ڼ֮Գִܺ˶ͷȫ޷龹Ȼܶ浽˵ز
ͨ˵ĳǹ㷺ÿһܻ۷ӳʦϾͻᱻˡ
ҪֳʥλͨҪԪλ档
ڰ˹ɢǰ֮ӳʥλǿ⣬ɱ˳Խ̫ˣ
ѵ֮ʲôǣ֪ǣ
ڣЩǴҪˡ
ΪǸɱ̻ʣһͻȻֵĿ´ڣǸɵµĴħȻһȫ飡
⣬ʥλ֮ϣ֮İ֮µһˣ
պʥȫգλҲܻΪĵλ
¾񣬶ӵԱ
˾ηֿ־塣
˵֮Ϊаһ㣬Ҳ㲻ʲôˡ
˵һλ۷ľǿߣȴҲһλӿֲĴڡ
޷ǿ˵δܳΪµİ´۷壡
˵ʥʹɾˣʹ廹ŹеģĹ֮⣬һС
ܳһַ棬ڣ취λ´ϵ̽̽Ըɡ
ÿУ޾ͷӿʣµľʥλĵף˲Ĵ㡣
ȻǾȻһЩȽ϶صڡ
¾ãһǲЩ̫ˣι̻ʶǰǿߣͬʱǹ֮˼Ĵԣ⣬ӦҲǽ֮Դãƹ߹ᣬƹʥ飬ƹ֮Ĵã̫ˡ
һЩͷǣΪͷؽκҹע⡣
ðɣ硢Ľϣڻعع󣬾ǸоתԺġ
һʱ̫ǵԼռǰǸɶš
ǣ
սʹ˹Уܹսͽ⣬ΪΪҶҪ㣬սڷ룬һλǰʱǵҲͨˣҲع顣
˹һƽ˵ʹ˵ѷɫ˵ֻ˼
һȻǱԼпɽ㣻Ҳôע⣬Ҫаˡ
սսʹ
ҹҡκԴ±֮ɫԲۣ˵ΪʲôĪԲͷļһôһиС
ĪĽǡ
ɿƵʶϵͳǺ˰ôʲôèհιֻ츳𡭡


595 û㵽
־ڳʥλ˹еĻȴĵװľ
ѹڼǴħܺ󶼻ҿڣȴ˿ɽ
аҪعˣ
ԲʲôϢ
罣ܷع鶼δ֪ʱֻܿļ̷ôʱĶ½֮жᱻ
˹лΪһλѾ˵ʥλҲеԵɡ
Ϊ˹Ǵ츳ãӲʹױú£
һֱ̻ʶ˹жǼ£ģ󿪷֮ţЭȡϣζĴȨǰϣζ嶼ѡ˱âû
ΪսʹΪԼܽ˹УڼһֱչԼǰ˻ɱڿգҪ̲סҲȫʥλ֮ڡ
а񰡡
ҹΪЩĹ˹°͡
Լλ滻ˣȻΪǷĹϵûиսȻǡ˹սһУȴҲѾȫԼˡ
ͽţȫԼҳ˼λԼǼλ⣬˰鶼˿УԼȫλȡսĴڡ
Ȼǰս֮һˡ
и֣ҲǸϢ
ֻ˵˼ͽô
ǰȡ
̧׼Щʲôҹջ̾˿Ľ˻ԼϵʥλѾˡ
Ȼǰû̫ĶܹȫƿסĻҲûҪɱ¾ˡ
ȥϸӵ½壬°ɡ
뵽԰˹ΪΪɵʥ뵽Ĺ̵֣뵽˿˹ϣζҹҲһ±ȱȱ
Ҫ˵Щʲô˹УҹֶʾºȴǻδھͱܵĵͷˣĵĪһ޷ܵľηԼ֪Ϊʲô
ֱʱΧʥλҲ˿
λ³ֵ¼ԪһǿߣȥǱȽϺ˵ǣҲȽϡҲûʲôͷ
Щɵλɡ
տֵĵһǿߣչ黹ǸϢ
Ӱ㶼Ⱥҹ΢΢Ƿɢȥ
ֻĵ׻ֹ˹У˻սͻȻõµּ
һɫ޵ΰӰԺ֮ڣ˲еĲֹ֮ԺǼ֮ɫ
ս¾ȻԼԺȻԶԼָɡ
⣬ϵ
ֻмս˹жԣѵĽ
ֻʵĽɫӰ¶ԭģòȴ˹ͣ۾Ʊ˶ۡ
Ǹ
ܹսµݵȷǺܵ£ΪΣӻô죬ôողżӡ
˹еĶۣ
ţ϶Ǽˮһǵġ

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ҹ·߲ȣеƵӲϵģҲе㵣ĵʵ
ʹʣʱȴǶԶԶ˿ǰĪĹģһȴĿвоԼȥСıײһ¡
İɡ
û£ϰϰ߾ͺãоԴô㿴б𣿡
˦˦ԴҹָָԼͷԴʵ
ƽ̫ˣԼ߱߰Ҫ취Щˡ
ػˮĴ磬ԼԵ֮ǰĴԪλų͵ģҪΪ磬ûҪá
һȿǹɣţõиֳɵġ
˻ͷǿһ˵оҹͬԶվŵĹʥŮѬ˵
׼һȥ£ţһι֮ɣһ¡
һ˵꣬ҹֱֺ̧գīıŰռ˺ǰֱӲǿռз֮С
һΣȴûȥ֮ţֱսڼзнС

-
֮ϣһбҫ֮ء
˹Į֮ɫ
ֻڼԼͷеҹȻȫعȴǳһʧ
عô
Ϳ˹ϣζһͬɱ磬һͬսȻܻع飿
ˣ
ħжѾ˴ŮϣȻk޷ãܼkħеĹЧħнġ
ħжʧˣսҲûгκ⣬ŮսǣλĴڣôܹƽ
ֻгɾλo󣬵kֵܸĿ¡
˹ĮУ˸ơ
ǾħУȡ˴ŮЭ󱣵
ֻǿ˹ϣζǳ嶯ԸԼΪȡѵʱ䣿
Ǹɾ͹λ󣬶֮ǰǴη˽Ļ̫ˡ

ͷҲѸ˺İźͲ֡
λʵв̫ˣһȭӡ񶼼̣ɳȥԼķա
ȴɢˣҪİţ
ڴʱδȴͻȻ˾ҵĲ
ƺ˺һ㣬˹˪Ŀ˺ѵա
Ļ룬ƺֱӳһ治ľӣɢ޿ɵĿɲϢеľȫһɳĹ硣
һΰ嫵
޷ܣѪڣսȣ
Խӡ
Ҫս𣿣
ս
ôǵǻսʲôЭ飿
Ȼս񲻹˴ŮԽҵ
ǰսЩսλļһǸû뵽Կ˹ϣζֳ嶯Ը񣬾ȻЭѡ
ԼŮ񣬵kǲӲġ
ǸսİõkΪǳأֻҪݶʤվվԼߣ
Զ˽⵽Զ޷˽⵽λoĵ̺Ϳ£Ƕһ֪
˹˪Įµ־ҲѸٵԶԲ뷨
̼ҵѵӦԷû˿ԥֱӿϵ˴Ů
ֻõkĵԽԽǣԼĺȴʯһûлðֵĻӦ
һʱ䣬õkԭᶨĶһ˿ҡ
öˣǱѾкˣħн˵kô꣬ӵkҪҵġ
һӰĻֱ֣ŹϤӰҹҲƽ
վһлǻصԭ֮ϰƾȻһգ
˹Ҫ˵Щʲôʱһ޵еĽɫѹ֮أĿ˹֮ڡ
Ƭ˾ҵĲƺ޵ΰ֮ɪɪƺµӰѹһ㣡
ս޲ʤ޲ˡ޼᲻ݡﲻƣǿ޵Ϣ̼ĵס
⣬޷ܵĴڣ
ʵĽɫʧ¶˾ǧϴѾҹһģһݺȴ˹Ļȫ˵ڡ
ľȻ촽һƬҰס
˿ͷȴ²


596 ֮
ѾͷȻҧңҵĴӼ֡
ˣŹɣǸӣĸˣΪ˶죬ΪλʹΪλᡣ
ͷͼƬһĲлš
û뵽ôƯ
ˣ͸Ů͡

ҵϵĻš
Ůˣ㾹Ȼ˴治ŸѪֹĻָָ꣬ԼƺҪִˣ̧֮ǰ͵˵ϡ
ԼʲôذףѪɫѪζ
ֳªףϴӼֶ𣬴ʲôʱʼԼ֣ΨֻԼȡܱԼ
Ψֻֻеλ
ֻгɾϵܻðȫУ
ѧã츳˼ʰϤ⵫ЩӰ֡
ѧ÷ģһᱣġǰħǰӰҲ˸еЩů
ѧáΪʲôұøġؿڱᴩĳѲͷź;Լı飬ôӡ̡
Ǹأѧһȡˡ
ת
Ͻ㣡ڣҶ£
ƨ߸Ҳɾ˰ıСܣŵ˸е˵Ϥƺ￴ʲôˡ
һͬ˯ɣ
ޣ׼ĺ֣ܳ˵ңǸˣҲ׼ء

Ļ滮ԺΪʲôЩķ˼䶼һһ֣֮ǰҪԵĻô
ۻһƬΣͷһһ֮һֻȼŽɫȭͷ
Ǵ޷ֵ޷⣬֮־ȭͷǺ󶨸Ļ棬ǰ
ôеɡ
Ƕׯţִ޾ϵ˹һƻ⣬ҹжûٰͣ֡
־һ£
ǸںѾˣŷµУ޷ԭ£
ʥɽ֮ϣԼʧˡ
˹ϣζΪ£ѡָҵֲֶʧ
һΣԼȴʧ֡
ΪԼΪ˿˹Ϊ˱ƭɱεˣ
䣡
û˿⣬ȫʢʱڵսսǲȨܣҹ帽ԡ
֮һȭ֮ǰͿʼӹ㡣
һȭɢĹ㣬ȫ
߸ϵĹֻ֮Ҫ㰲Ÿ˼ĽɫԼܵĹ֮
ɽ֮ϸ߸ͽԼͷĹ֮
ڣȴֻһ
Ƭ
һɢ͹ԵϿս֯γһӵһ޷ֱӣ޷ľ塣

Ѿһ˼þһֶΣ伫λ滻ɾ͹֮˹ڳɾλǧһʮ֮ڹ
ս֣֮
еĹͽͷͬʱ˱֮Уʹޡ
һλλĿȱͨĴѡ
ÿһζָɱɵսϵܶʱҲβܣþѡΪߡ
ȻһιλĿȱȴûκһ˸Ҷ֣Ӷң
սѲֿ²㹻ͷ
Ĭǧսһγ֣Ȼѡ˻ɱ֮Ҫʲô춯صĴ¼𣿣
˼⣬鶼ȫս״ֻ֪˼˺ǧʱδ¶ˡ
һΣȴֱһδģ
֮Уλo֮ϵĴڶ֪ȥĹ֮ͨλ滻ȡĵλλĻʵĴڣͬΪλoɵ
λoУҲǺݽɫȴû뵽ڴˡ
սϣȷ޷⣡
ֽժ£ֶԭʥŮѬ㡣
һֱѹͷĴɽҹҲ΢һ˿ꡣ
ˣȴûʲôɾ͸ˣȥȻ޷
Ȼ޷ıȥ
һܴδ
мᶨ֮ҹ̧ͷա
ǣѡûɡ
֮վǴŮ񣬽ɱýħе飬ѡһµģҪλ񼸷ӡ
λ滻˳ȻжȻҲȻ֮һ
ƮŮûоܾҹĽ顣
ǵkַѬˣ֮ҲȻڴŮϣԵk˭ǹ֮񲢲Ҫ
ΪȻĴŮƿǿ
ħڻ㣬ʹá
һһҹǰ
ֽħ׸ҹ󣬴Ů־ֱ˳˹ƺ֪ҹҪЩʲô
ħвӵȨܹܵʹõĶǴŮҲǽħеָĽиѡ
Ѿô꣬Ҫ׵ĵطѾˣҲûô˳ˮ飬νΨһܹʹôġ顱
ħаЩӣˣȰϵĹԵ˵Ǹ˭ʱ鷳Լؽһˡ
ҹ˴Ƿ˦ֽеͽͨͷԽӿڣս漴ǳķİ񽣣
ȻǹǹнΣǰľ飬Ӧûɡ
¡
ĩһ㣬ҹɶȥ
ڶϵһĿ³֣Ƭ޾ĻŤ
ڸոջùѬ㣬ΪһֻϵĸȮȻκΥ˼
½ʧܴ󣬶ʱڽģλʱ˻λҲֻпȺ˳ӡ


597 
ҹ뿪Ҳһյʱ䣬ʱҪ̳Թ֮ϡ
սĸݿⱣľ飬Ϲ֮䣬Ȼ쳣˳
ȥʱˣʱֻһˣϵСĸȮȥ˹Ĳۼ֮ٱ
֮ѡѬ㣬ҲⱾǹ̵ʥŮʵֻʥλʷʫҲΪ˳
˹ǹ翪٣ƷͷҹҲĥǲʲôʱҲȥҺڰ̸̸֮ģkһá
õ滹ٵûʲô̫ʧǣ԰ɡ
а֮֮Щڸص飬սôλoԼֺòð
ҹߺ˼ʱʺٱҹǰ
ϰȥˣô죬λأ˲𰡣û뵽ڹлĺ֡
Ǹп˵֮ǰûɣڼҹŹʥŮƿնȥʱ򣬲ǻȻ
ЩڰעʥλҲҹԸ̻ʵֶΡ
ѹܹɽԽ̻˻ɱԭӦ
ʥŮ˽̻ϵװɡ
һѹͷϵѹҲ˲١

źǰҲɣžԵʵƶȨȴҲҪʥرڹʥǶѵʱ򡭡
ְʥŮ
ʲôţ
λoڸϵ滻ʥλ޷⣬޷⣡
˹ɾ͹֮ҹǿݿȷϡ
滻Ϣˮһ㣬ʶĺԵԭȵĹʥŮֶǵˣȻҲɡ
ʱӣԽԽ
ϰ壬ո˺һλ崫ˣҪҪٿʥ顣
Ϊ𲽵ĹϵҲûٳ֮ǰʥŮˣǻ㱨һ
崫棿Ӷ֮ô
תҹҲ㶣뵽˵ԸĹ°Ӱ
Ӷ֮-ɳл˹
λӶ֮Ļĵ֮һˡ
˶Э飬ƨɺһȫƻˡ
˵Ǻңһλ
Ϊ˽֮һЩ¼ڿϸǮ£ΪҲǲ١
㲻ϽֹȴҲ˵ﲻˡ
൱ìܵһˣһֻΪԼˬͿģὲνĹȫ֡
˵ʿĻ飬ΰĵʹǹ̻ʾû˿Ļӡ
λӶ֮ڻɫشĴˡ
йаϾʹźڰ˵Ϲ̻ˣλӶ֮ûɫɺɫҲһô
ʥôп˵ɡ
ΪԼ˹̻ʳɾ¼ԪһǿߣʥλҪͷȷһպ³̣ԲŻҪεʥ顣
ʥǶȫָˣǵȻǵȴǶһ𿪿
ֻˣѵſΰ
ȰѱСҵ˵
ǸԼ˻˸
΢ҹЩοСӵϢڣδ䡣
ǲϢôȥҲǰģǸ
ħеˣооæƿ϶ǹˣ˵ԼԼڸأλoףȿȣԣ۸¡
־׼˺Ļգһҹһͷ˵ϣԴ͵ײ
䣡
ʯ콵ĩգز
µನֱӴɡ
·زϷÿʮٶɢʱ;ǿбһֶ£ֹסನ
ǿסҹŵǴöײͷĴغڻҽ
ҽӳɵϲЩ鴤
ԲۣôоԼĴͷ֢ԽԽˡ
ǹ磬һǹڸǹн磬ĴֱҪըˬ
ҹˤͷصʱԱߵһƲһı˿ߵķ˲䲻֪ȥ
ºð쳤һǱƲȫСķ˻
·ưܵĴأ޾ڵİ鲼ҡ
Ǿֺͺ֮ɫǺһԵƬ½ᱻϣ
ԼôҲñGG
ڹؼʱ̣ҹǿջ˾󲿷ֻײ˸ͨʯӶѣһɹ˲
ɽ˾ȫˣûв޹ˡ
ҹԼҲĵð麹
ҪȻǧɽˮ߹ˣһ·նķܶڣʥ񣬽󶫴½Լһͷײˡ
壬⧡
籾˼ˡ
ȫΪǻãſĿķѰ죬취ֲˡ
Ѿ崦翪ٵľ飬ĿֻҪĻٶӦò̫
һħţʱооĵԿףڸļҲǲ
ͷҹٴõͻʥλʱɷ״̬
̫ĪΣˣӦȥɣһһĽúá
ʺģȰҴ۹ȥ
ҹԱһֱɪɪҲ˿Ϣ¶ԷͻȻһˤȻһͷײԼϡ
ķѵİɡ
ոǲ©ͷ鳣ˣԼȫʢʱڣҲҪŷӣ־ܱİɣ㵽Щʲô
¶һūƨƨߵĲҹ˺ա
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Ȼûܾ׼λȴҲִ˾뱩ǲԶһƽԭ֮ϡ
ݵϢ˱Уǳζҽζ
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598 ˷
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Ǹ׶ѧһ·̳ƣƱйһĿӿݣ⻹ֵֻԵʡ
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599 
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һֱҲֵĺǿӲŰҵĵ̣ĴڣµĴԼκˣκιңκ壡
Լʥλ±ȫӡֻܵġŴļӳɣڱԼȻ޵еġ
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600 鷳
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601 ʵ
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Թԣǰ˹ʦһȰ˹绹ҪµĹﰡ

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Լ޾Ľ統лһֽţȫžšҲܵ˾Υȵ֮ȻЩòǶѾ˴š
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һƺšϲѯһԼ
ˣͿ˹ǰ絽Ǹʲôսûгʲô仯Ҳס֣ʧô
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ڣ繲һһĿ磡
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ںڰǹΪǹɢԣݿȥҺڰ֮һЧΪá

ҹ׼һչؿڸʱ򣬱۹ڣɭɽ
ðߡӶڷӵ
Щɢ⣬ɽ֮⣬פ˺üһͺӪء
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ƺھȴʲôȴǰЩðӶȽ̽
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һǣܴ壬ŵƯŮһֻʹĴܣÿһλϣ¶רҵײεʵ
ȺɢУǸеĸ֣ŮƯû˸ǰۻ롣
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ӴС㣬ǻ˻ȥɣѾдųүϢôǰʱ仹ںһء
ƣĵĶܴŵȰ
̫ΣˣȻڻûʲôֳ֣Լרҵ׵ʵǺ磬ЩһֱĴ󣬿ºִܻܿʦʦǿߣ
СڵɭңվҲһϵʥλ壬ıسͬȲεļӣ˿Ϊ
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εĶŽĺʥλɵµλħ֡
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ϢΪŸرֽĹϵŴݿģǸҪѹ̣ЩϢֽͨݣѰ˶ϢӰӶ׽
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ڷʴϵŮߵŤͷ˿ûЭ˼
ǾܳëǷʴ̤һˣҲԵúǲá
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610 ˺
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ҹЩصǣ֮ԼµȴҲû˿ͱʾƺڵħ˵Ϊܹ׵ķ档
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Ժͷת澹Ȼһʱ˭κβ˭
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ģԼôܱȵù϶ͬԼǧꡣ
Ȼ֮䲢ûʲôԵǿ֣֮ÿһλ񶼻ӵԼΪóһ档

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ҹ˿˹ԴǵֱӱĿʼӦڰ˲Ϣ羨һĽƬŤĳȥ
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֮ǰ֮Щᣬ˵ҲǲʶҽǷԼһʹΡ
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ͬʱҲҪԷջ仰ץסԼı֮㡣
ԼвǿӲ̬ҹ治飬ֱȥƫƫһͻȻ䣬ڳһԵ·ˡ̬
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ְֻ˵ǡս޲ʤսô
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˵ֻл֮һλԭеа񣬵άŵȴռ˰
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ðɣҹЩʼˣֻ֪ϵ˹ΪǰĹϵεܶ򣬶ƬȴΪڲĿռ̫ϡĹϵ޷аŵĸ߲㽵١
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Īҹоеۡ
ѹֱĵطȥĪԼƯžƯˣǱģѹĪеϵĿƼҲǱġ
ꡭ
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ף˵ôĶʵǵ˹Ҫһ¡
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İػߡ֮ϣĵ߸磬ͷλָһ˿ǲȡͬھֶΡ
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613 
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ⱬԼϾˡ
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614 
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֪ʲôжؾ飿ҵսʱڶûҪŶǰ𾴡
ԼλԼⶼǳ⡣
ڣһոճʥŶõСȻ͹ȻͬԼ̫֪ǰˡ
ߣʧ㣬ûо飬ȻԼȨ
Ӧʵʵž͹ˣ
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ǰľ飬̫ʱˣ˼һǲҪ̫Űĺá
һһӰõʵĳ˿С
ڸǰĶʮʥλҹҲףĴ󲿷֣ʵ඼ϵ塣
żĻ죬
Ŷҵ˭ⲻġӢۡġһǿߡ𣿡
ҹͻȻֺʹϣŰ£ϳҹݣҲԶսܹϳҹݡ
ôҪѹˣѹϷϷ˵ʲô𣿡
Űƺ˿ҹĳ֣ȻڳԼǣһֱĿڱԼ֮ǰһϵлжվķ򣬵Ҳеô˵
ѵ㻹Υѹң
ʥλԺҲǺĿҹƺҪδ
ϣҪҪôѹˣҪôͰڳ̵̬ܽȡڱǡ
ȻҹǰճƵġ
мûУƽɨ˹Űߵ۾һ˲䣬Ѫɫ֣ͫǹŰ̼˫ĿãȻ
ߴĿİɡ
˫ĿãȻĹŰߣʱȴĿе˵
ιҪĿģۣ뾡취ѹɵ漰廰ȨȡҼλУϧӦСȴǱǺʿĳָƻˡ
ͻȻһµķתڳЩ⧲
һֱռ壬ҲоݵߣȻǻĿģ
һֱйʱڣնӵšй١ͷ
û뵽ھȻôһ
ʥλĲΣȻܹóϵĴߣ˶ԷǱʶĻش
µһ»ǣʥλʥķλոճֵɵȻֻһ۾ȫ顣
ݿһֱ뵽˶Է
⡭
ܹõ
˵˫µ۾Ѿﵽ˿ֲĵز


615 
ΪϲļһﾹȻĿģ֮ǰһֱõġ
ߵĴ߻ո˵꣬ɫ̾Ϳ
Ҿ˵һֱֻͷ˵㣬ΪСææµģʼΪǸ಻ɳһΪʥأû뵽
ԭߵʮʥλħʮʥͽ鳤Ԫ֮֡ԼʹƷ᳤Щʥ⣬Ĺʥܶ඼ǳڰķ·ϻεġ
Ϊ˽Ϊ˺¼ԲһֱǿҪù֣ҹӵԨʱǸʥ
ҲΪ೤µĴڰķ࣬ԹʥıֺͽŻȫԭææµġй١-ҲǳΪһͨߡ
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͵ǼλΧŮʦڵĻһޡ
һͲʲôӣĻҹΪļһҲ񣬱ϾȰ˵ԡ
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ûϵȻҲҿʵġ
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ҹҲǹ죬ȫ޷ó
һ֮¾̱һʥλܵߣֱ£һʥһʷʫĹʥ£߿²Լ
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ĻҲ˵˳ȥλй١˵
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ҹΪĻ˻֣ʱҲˣάŵҲҪִˣϵҪϲǡ
֮ǰҪ塣

СҪ󲡳壬齻ͼ򵥶ˣڸҪԼϡ
ԼҲǺܺð
˵Ψһȫ񼶴ڣΪ֮ųУԼֵĻƻԼͬʣӶӴԼųС
ոǸʲôйٵļһѾԹˡ
ܹԵ·˵ĻǲҪְɡ
ҹ뵽
ôҲʱٿʥˡ

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еʥλĵףϢҸܵ˿ʱ͵ص㡣
ʲô뷨ʲôͼˣ׼ʱִʥɽ֮ۡ
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Ļһʺٲһ㻺
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һֱûϵǲǳʲô⣬ʥٿĺÿ졣
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ûһЩµĺϣǲġ
ϧҶһЩֳӲĹͷȻʱܹϵĻҪʥ鷢ѡ
еѶϢݣܿɣ󼸵ӰûƵĸԷֿͬ˻켣һ
ȴûз֣ʥɽ֮۵ƽ̨ϣҹȴڲϵŶ䡣

Լĸ֪ǰȻҲҴһЩϢﰡ
ˣȻ棬ڴʱԼԣͬ졣
ڵ˼Ĺ̻ʣԼԷּ֮
ֻԼһĵĴһɱɱҪԵ·ˡ


616 ǳ
ң֮һһǹΪǿİң
ΪһЩϵܵļƺҲںּܲܵء
ԼԭӦóеεĴĵ۹ֱӶһˣӶ֮۹Ӷȡ
д˵λ¼ԪʥλܣӶ֮-ɳл˹ܵҵĹӶһЩⲿ飬Ҽ˶ǴؽнħС
ͬʱΪұԣԼҵĲͬڸάƽܵŨԪػ֮ࡣ
֮˲伸ǳΪĬϵĹʶ
ǵ涼δʧٵʱĬµĹʶһͬ
ͨ˵ÿʥλҾԶݳ֣ȴô
εʥ飬ǼǧĹģÿһʥλǻŵĴ˵䶼ſڿΰˣŵʷ
ҵİҲҪÿһʥλһˡ
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ռԴλ棬ӶԵĿɶǧʥλ
ѩһ㣬ʵԽǿȡԴԽ࣬ʥλĳɾٶԽ죬Ҽÿ·ǰľָʱΪԻ͵ʱ̡
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Ǵȴû뵽ǲ֪ϧȴԽԽȥˡ
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һӵźɫͷźȥЩǷϣȴһӣһֻڵϣ˿ǰӰ죬ǿֶΣء
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¼ԪϵʥӶ֮-ɳл˹
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ȪҲֳǵĹԡ
δȵٴοڶԣǳȴͬʱ֡

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ôˣԼʧǧ꣬ҲӦûԼĴ˵ΪĪᱻѵһͻȻ
㿴ϼһﻹǿܹһϾһôֻû뵽һ²̫ĵǻͻȻðͷԼˡ
ô£
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̰ļһҲѿʥ֮ǰԼǼԼߣҲļһ
õȻֱӱܾˣԼҲ⡣
ֻû뵽ǷǵûмԼߣȻͬԼޡ
ŵǸĺôȫ޷
Уй١һﲻǱԼ־ͬϵ
ԸһˣҪԼţ
ôͻȻˣǷˣŵʲôô
ѹһֱϵˣԭأ
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˶ֻ˵˵㾹ȻҪ𣿣
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ȪԼԼ֮ǰĻǲǻʲô塣
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617 ֻЭ
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Լ׼ǿӲһ㣬ɨҶá½̻Ἰﵷļһ˵ġ
ڱǼӴһ£ȴȫƻˡ
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ҹ΢һ仰̾ܵȪȫȻ෴ִ
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˵λֻǡĻļһȫʥλ֣ǽֶˡ
ͷϴֵİ棬ȫһҪ˵ӣҹһۣǶΪҹǡǳ⡱Գһ㡣
й١-ҲȫʥеȻôֱףȴҲԶˡ
ֻһֱĹŰĵĶܽӲҲѿ
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Σɲǵ˵ģҲ˭˭е
пڵĻй滮רŹʥԼĻ廳ǵĳɾ͸С
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浱еӰ񲻶ϵı仯ϵ
壬ˣи塣
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ССƣһ޷õ磡
˼۵ϣӦλǵƶǵĹ𣿡


618 ּ
ͻı仯óһʱ˼ž
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⡢ǡ
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ȻԼ˴漶͸֪˿ûпԷже
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ˣԷҵˣҶŪĴʦֻû뵽ʵȻǿ˵ز漶Ĵڶƭ޷
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Ȫն˵޾ɫҹţг˶ԼжϵţڿӦδЩҹ¡
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ܿ죬һʦڿлһٵִⱻռƽ̨վƽ̨·
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һҹתͷԱһʱ
ԶǿͣǽɣȻʹҲҪֳǵķȣ𡣡
ס
ǹĵͷӦתͷǵȴʦ
û𣬽ӭ

ֱ˾󣬷ȪͿǾȻȫԼ˽ҴİϷƺҪתƻЪȥæִϡ
ȵȣصأҵȲ⣬ôܽǴ
ûʲô״̫ûˡ
ֻǿϧʦûˣֱȥ
ʱΪͬڵĹϵƲͷһۣһ䡣
ûҹ˵ĻҪչķȡ
Ǳúýλʱڲٽҹˡ
ר϶Ȩ
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һ仰ҭȥ÷Ȫ֪ӦλشȻԼǺųϣɾͰδϣδɾͰ֮ǰȴȻӵƷ֮۵ʱ֡
ԷǿӲҲֻӲš
һ˻ȥȴʹĵ
ζԷʥʱ֣Ȼ߲ƣȵǹʧҵˮ
ߺߡ
ѹ֮½˷Ž磬Ȼܵʹ߰ĶԴ籾ȫܽǵٲ
Ȼûձ
һͷǵţͷʦԼһǳ˿С
˶ʥҲ˿û¶ӡ
طߡ·ּּ
¶һָ֮߰ɫڳʥ
Լǰּ⣡
Լľǰµ棡
˭ҶԼ
λ񣬸λ̽ȴǷ綼ȫˣȫǻҪչ˵ӡ
ǧ궼ûܺõƣڶھָܻģ
ϰѾ޳Ҳܹ¶ˡ
ĴڣǶ԰в
Ҫþһа취ѹ
£бǳһӭɫᣬַ̯ӾӿѸתƺƴճּݡ
˿ûйԵķּ԰֮ҲԷͬ졣
صİϢ֣ڳļλ涼ܵͷǾ޴ѹ
Ǹɵĺ£ֱصأԼ鷳Լ
ȪԹţķּվǲܺӵģȻ鷳Ǿ³еɡ
δȵĴſڲǰҹȴǷɳһڵ㡣
ڵ뿪ҹĺۿɼٶȲϱ
Ӱƻƨһ㣬һǷּ֮ǰһѾͽƯӿֵľȻû˿ԥĳȥ
һǷɼħƤƳɵľᣬȴڶԷ͵Ķµ˺˶С
󵨣Ҷ԰ּ
ʹҲû뵽Ȼ״ȻɥĲļ̤ķּǷ
ɻû˵꣬˳ԵּӰòȴ类ס˺Ĺһ㣬š
󡢴ط߱£
ǿе˷ּˣȻǴط߱±ˣţͷ˰ʳصİɣΪοƤеýζôˡ


619 
ԼķּԵ󣬡طߡ׹ĿǴˣƺҪˡ
ȴ̺뵽ʲô˸սСĵͷǶϯλϵӰһۣվⳡ²
ֻ׺ݵĵһֻۣ˲ܽյ겨
ȥʰǣҹ̨£
ѵʹ󣬱¶ɫĶ±ƵķȪͿ
ʲôûţƤľС˥ӡ
ͭһţ۵£ΪʥλķȪȻܵһϵĲ
ܣȻǰ񣡾Ȼģܣʵ˹˶
ܷȪͿеĵ߸ͱ
ţ֮һıĺڵۼƺʲôһ㣬ҪֱһҵĸһŪ
һֱϴô⡣
µĿֲţۣ֮˿Ҫһȥƻ
һԾ㵽˰涼ЪԷ衣
һû˿
ǻ۶ӵŻϸСȴͻȻͣ
ԭɳɫţҲ̺Ʊˮ
ӲתͷϯλЦЦԼӰλطߡǾֵı飬ֽţ֮ǰƷĺͳ
ء
Ƶıըƺܹţͷ˿ڱǶðẓ́˶ҡҡλƽ̨֮ϡ
Ͱ͵ţ¶ֺõЦݡ
ʥ֮ۻ˻˹˻ڵʱǵʥλܷⶼҪʽַܷġ
Ϊ˼ȽϹֱˣ˵ֺõĻôֱףȴҲǡ˵ҹĵ׵һ˹
Ϊǵĳְɡ
ҹ̧ͷ˿գһ̾Ϣһֱ̯ƺź£Ķƺ׼һжһ㡣
ˣ˹˵类٣֮µȼʲôҲȻȻߵľͷǵķǸʥλɱ
طߡĿֻ֮ɫֻһ˳Ҳֻпһ͡
ɱǣǹԹɱˡ
ҹͷƺЩɻӣԵЩںڵûн࣬ţͷһɢ
ҹƼ£ʱƬ֮ƺһػһڳֲ
ҹ;Ҳͣʹóˣ֮ųҪԼȥһ㡣
ʥλ񶼺鲻ͬı飬ܹɾʥλĳʥλ䶼ͬࡣ
ͱɲ£һҪôųƺҲӦˡ

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Χ֮ڣͬʱ콵Ѫꡣ
磬һɱ֮
Χ֮󣬽֮񱩣ֱţ
廹пܻ֡
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ҲѪսһѪۣԵúҹĿһѾҪµġطߡĮ˵
ûΧ˹Ϣһȥϣ⣬Լս˾һϰ壬Ҫڿȫƿڵȶ塣
壬ΪԼһԼһάмӣҹȻҲǻԴģһλս˾ҲԼӼţͷ˰ͳʧȥʥλѾ´ˡ
гദʲôģȻû⣬ʣҪ֮¡
ڵ壬Ϊṩ
ž
ţ
طߡų޷εİѹȻ˶ˣеǣʾʥλ
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Īʥλϣλ
񶮲
ǰǴ棬Ҳʷʫߣ졣
û˿û˿ɡ
Ǽ򵥵£

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ʹߣţͷ˰ֻеʥλ
ȾѪĴħǰֵĸܵԼС
ԱԼҲǶԷϵһԱеһԱ
ôʼĻ⣬ڸϻ֣ʲôõ
Сһ۵ţͷˣҹͷֿʥƽļŸղŵĻ⡣
ֻǶԱ뿪ʼǺƿЦĻ⣬ڶδͣЪѪȴǲϵڶ˵ࡣ
رǷȪͿˣʱǻ䣬ʥλ֮ܶ޷ֹסĲ
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Ϊϻ˹
Խ٣Ҳ˳̶ȣ
һʱ䣬һƬ䳡û˸ҿڣʥλͬʱɫʥλҲܵǱ֮Ӱ졣
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ǰҴæˣʾл
ҹ˫ɨһĵɽУ֮ǰʧҩ滣ЦЦаЦϲϱ仯ӡɡ
˲˷ĵĵ֮ϡ
Ƭһҫ
ؼɿµ־Ƭ»ǰѪ۶ȥ
־֮УɶҹܵϤС
˹
˹ϣζ
ɢ֮־Ƭ
Ȼֶֶ
־࣡
ȻˣǺԼϤǵϢǡػߡŷϡ³˹
˳ԼĹ֮⣬λ־
ǵ־壬֮ǰɱġǧ֮ħ
ѹȥɱħѹֻѡɱλħ
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Ϊ߸ɫġ
Ӱۣϳ۰ҲһƬɫ
ѹյĿ°Ϣȴǵݡ
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Ϊֹλʵǿߣ
Ӱֺһ̣ƤһĴӵϵѪǧӰ
ǵʱǿӰ
ǧʥλ
ǧʥλ
аеħ
޾
ƾһ֮ܵ߸һ㣡
Ŀġ
һɫ¹콵иӰڣѸٵʧ֮С


620 
Ǻΰ¹⻮ư磬նԵ˵С
ȻֻܹҹȫǹɿµĲڳеʥλܵ
һ׵׳ʲô¡
ϵǣѾʶԼСķȪͿᶼûгֶ
Ͼڲܳʲô⣬ֻ嶥Ĺ˵Ȼʲô
ԸԸϣҲܻᷢʲô仯ʱʵǣӵµĹڣڵɾյĻԻҲʱˡ
ʥλһ˵£Ҫٳ֣ʣµ¶ܹƽ
ȪͿΪʲôôҪȡȨȨ
ʵҪģҪ쵼ߵĵλȡĲٿȨӶԼʵԼеԱ
ʥյĴʱҲûԱġ
ڡ
ؼϴϴ˯ɣʱûѾĻˡ
ھ㻹ʲôʵ֣ᱻֻֻɣٳʲô඼νˡ
취ֲֲ˫Ĺϵ
Īѹǰ˸һҩһ¶Ѿٵļʶǿˡ
ҪԼ֪ħκοԱֵĻҲŹ
ûйϵ
㷢ԼСֻǿʱȻȻҲ
ðɣ۽ˣҶһ鲻̫ϤҲûȤμӣӦò˰ɡ
̧ͷԽտľٶҹҲǸеۣҪȥôǻǹȥɡ
ô˵ǼһҲǰ˹ĺӣȻ·˼ԴʧȴҲһЩӸС
ϻĵһλţҾȻҪƵð˹λַӡӡҪλء
ǵȷҲҪȥĺãĿǰԣҹΪ˭вԼ
Լӵһеĵ
ԼҲǰ˹ǸСæӦûԼӰɡ
ţеҪ죬ȥϣһǰܹ۳һ³̡
һ̣ҹȫʧ˻᳡
Ƭ̺󣬱ͬԴĹ
ּ
ҹڲڳҲݸߵͣ˼ҹһֱϵļ⣬ÿ˶ڳΪ΢̬
Ȼ̾ͻһת˼ҵ֮С
ţȨʲôģҪĽ鶨£֪ԷȥҪãһľܿͻˣʱû۳ȻӦô죿
һ

£ͬάŵһž޴壬γǡ
ѾλҹȴҲ˲㲻ܵܡ
±άŵǣΪʱάŵа֣ƺܲϲаŵϢϹʱЯһ罻ʱת˹֮ͬϡ
ͬʱΪ־ͬ壬Ҳʼ˵ػˮĽ޸ŵʱĿǽ硣
Ϊͬ⽫˿ȷӡԼҹҲģҲΣԼ밬Ҳж
СԻܹ֮İڲкܴĹϵ
ǽ磬ƯµȦ
һǰΨλá
ȻΪһǣµĹģ֮󣬾ȻѾγĴԼ̬
ҹĸСԱ¶ԣͺƵǶԱȵһ㣡
⿴ȥڲҲӵ顣
ƺһ嶼Ǩ˽Ϣ
֣һΪػܹ֮Ҳʧأҷա
û뵽ǻصе
ˣÿһλ鶼ͽάŵ񲻿ܲǵ
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ԼͬЩϣܵҵϢ
Ȼλѹӡô
ôһ˹ӦҪѾ˰ɡ
վһλǿʵվ濴ЩѾˣҪȫһȻǲܡ
˫Ȼδ棬ϵ˵ȴҲҪ׽ö࣬ҹҲֱ˺˼ҵӽ룬վ
ҹǰݷá
£ǰġ㡱ڿһӣһӦݣֱӵµ棬¶˿ȴûг֡
һֱǸһּصĸоΪ飬ٳ֣ÿһγִ඼άȶĸо
ҳ˾һ⣬Ҳ
һΣ˵ʵҹλҲԵе档
Ȼͬˣ뵽ҹҲʲôѰѰ
ֵֻǣûвټƺλѹͲ֮һ㡣
תġ
˵ûҵ¶˿ҹǷһ֮ܽ
ԼǧʥλѾһԴһĴȫΧ
ʥλڵһ㣬޷ÿһλǻŵʷĴ˵
ֻ˸еǣ㹻߸Χ
ԴС䣬ȴųһ㹻˵Ľ硣
أ͸绹Լܹ˷ɵ˽綥š
һǴ·磬ֻܱأƾɿµţѾ㹻֤Ϳ¡

˲ð


621 
λֳѵҪֹôĸ״Ҳͬȡ˲Ȩҽˣֹܹҡ
ЦЦĿŽڲˣȻֿ뷨Ľġ
Ϊҩ滵һӡйٵĹϵ˫޲໯ˣҹҲȫNɪ
ƺѶʱֱŲƵǽ֮⡣
ߣء
ǧĵϤӰϤΣҹضҪüˡ
ҪʼʶŮ˿ʼԼƺԶ·磬ÿΪԷ˵ʱ򣬶ֶԷԼǿ
һΣȴˣԼѾȫĵʵ
ǿĶȡߵ֮͡罣ʥҪǿࡣ
±ûħеİ˹Ҳ١
ͬӵ߱
ϧ񼶵Լ˵ȴѾȫΪǡ
ΣҳԶˡ
ޣѵҪֹҽĸ׵ķӡ
ٴҹ棬֮ɫĿû˿˼֪Ϊɶ˵⻰Īҹеһ顣
϶Ҫң
ҺͰ˿ҲЩ飬ΪǵĹϵӰôֵ£ȻܾˣУҵıôˣϽſǵ
ҹԱٿסİ˹ˣһ
ôˣҪʲôô⳥ô㲻Ҫѽװġ
Цӯӯ¶һҹ仭У÷ʱЦν
תƻ⣬ȻʵûɱҪʾлҵȷֵܹ£ǽˣȻŹңȻҲȡɳͷҲǱز٣
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ҪڣͺڵһֱŹңҳɳ˰ɡ
ǿϢΣǸ㹻߸۷ʱڵ߾ţҲһ֮ѹȥ
ûκ˿ԶԿս޲ʤ޵У
ƺ˲еľǶߵĶ
ڣ
ֵ˵㾫µ°ͣЦԵЩŹֺͲ̬
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ϧ⵼ԼŮẦޡΪףҹĶһĸߣ˿ΪǧеʵŮûѾ׼˵Щʲô
δȵҪ˵ɶǴºԵĲͬ
״ˣ벻ҪСԻˣĸ״״˵⣬ܹõ´󼪣û취Ը״ʵ¶ҪСġ
˵û״˻ȡ
ǵڶ˵û˵꣬ҹʱ͸еͷĴˡ
ͣͣͣҪҽкòãôôϲϵء
ͷһλһλͬʱӵƷ֮ͫİֵܣҹЩǵĪоĵЩëëġ
еǰһĴУȴѾĪ˹ײˡ
Ϊ˫ʵ࣬ҲûʲôвֻΪһֱӰĿɶĿġ
˼û´ĻӦһܹ¼һݵΪβ鿴鿴أоϲޡ
ͷƳһԼǰΪѹеļһҹҲûʲô⣬ԼʵǰȴҲҪẦˣ
ԼġŮҪޡĲѾҪתԺҲע¶һ㿴Ůˡ
ô˺ģҹǺĿʼϸĵļ
Ȼ󡭡
ۡ
סΪջ̫ʥѪҹо˵ѪҺٶڼ
ȫеĴУ緢ҹһٴζһĸд
ԱǰǼǧľͷеAVȻʵԺܸߣҲЩ·
ͻȻ¼Ļ棬Īľʵ͵İ쵰Ȼʲôȫûñȣ̶̼ȴй֮޲
ѽԼŮڻﶼ˷أְֻǸ̬
ְڳһ̬Ť״ƺҪȥץʲô
ҹһץס˼ĿľȻĵͷ۾ܵγˮĺ˾ӡ
ҵȷȥ˸Ҳְ̫쵰
ӻᣬޣս۵񾭺òá
˸ݡ
һһ죬ǰôûԼôţƣûиι
û飬ֻΪʲôĪ̶ôˡ
һѧˣŮ̸֮ǰǲǶҪԼͷˡ
ΪʲôǧòûôģվǱˡ
Ůʲôģ̫ˡ


622 Ҫը
һĿǽԼЦӯӯ۾ŹֵġסŮ
ҹһץĸо
ȫ֪һʲô״̬һ
ĪĹȻĺ÷ǳԼ½Լĺֱˡ
Բۡ
Բۡ
Բۡ
ҹȫ޷ݴʱ飬ΪʵڶԷ֮ϣѾܹ͸˺ȴ־ͱһӺˡ
Ѿȫʵ޹ˣԼժҲû˿塣
ĻҹҲ׼лŹȥƹ˿ȵĽȰ˵䣬ġ
ڿݡ顱ġӦҪһ˼ˡ
˦ͷ˦һ۵ͷҹϵŮȫûһ˿һİ취

ʲôǹ
˼һ仰̹𡱾ֱǽϡ
ֻѡԵӣȻ󲻶һЩߵС
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ôǲǵ־أҪڵӱôΧ߹
˵°ͣ¶һźı飬ҹһͷƤ飬Ȼڲ̽Ƶ¡
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½ٽҪӦһ
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״ˣĸ״˵״ģǿҲܹȫƷ
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ҹѾľľȻ
Ȼֱʮǰ˯еڿסˣɢ佫Ͷ뵽ת
ת֮ˡ
ҹ޳ˣȻ̾͸еͷϤôࡣ
顫顫顫
ſװСôţҹСԻԼռ׽˳Ǵȵľ¾ݣ۵ı顣
㿴㲻֪ôµתӦҲǲ߱ǣֻʵգʲô˼Ҳ֪ء
һѽű§˻Լΰڰϣı˫״ĳֻСԻ˽⵽ԼС
ǰĻ棬ҹѾ˾
ְǸɫأŮԣҪؼҾͰǶˡ
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ңʵ̲סĻ˼Ҳ԰
ŮѾûˣҪ˰


623 ûʲôǽ˵
ҹĥţôֱԼǿԾռĿĲƻˡ
ڷ֣ĪԼļ°
ҲûԼս֮λ㼰ʱȻû⸴ʥжһһж̫ˡ
ڷ״̬İ˿󣬻ֱ
ôˣʲôģƺҲǲܡ
ѹֲǱСӻʱǲȰ˵ԼҪȽ⡣
Ϊ밡
ҵʱǾȻ඼ҸԼǷӡôõʱ䣬Ȼôô
һѶûоͽǿҵţ
ѾǴսϵˡ
û뵽СԻһء
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ʵűҲѾԽ˰񾳽ĴڣػػλƺҲӦ
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ԵĻҪԣ򿪷ӡɣҽȥ
Ѿ֪˰˿ȵˣҹҲûȻԸ⣬Ϊˣʱǲѵġ
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һ˵꣬ҹֱһǰ˵м䣬ҹģСԻȻ˽ȥ
ֵֻⲿӡ

ӡڲľɫҹȫͬﻨ㣬԰һ㣬ȵȥľȶҪȻ
һͷɫ׹棬γȹһ㷢ռҹߡ
ȥǿ㷢ֵ֮壬ԼЦգðɣȻ·û
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ǵӰҹ֮󣬱һֱһʵҹЩڡ
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ȡĲ֪飬ڼȻ֪ˣҿ϶ǻḺģֻϣ㲻Ҫһֱڳ޵С
ҹֱ⣬Щɫ˵
Ӷˣε⣬ҹǰеҸɣֽŮԶ̥ˡ
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ֻһҹһʯĸоôое㲻ԡ
ȻûͬΪɶҪ硣
ҹе˹ʹˣԴʵ
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ⲻεĻȴҹĪЩдԵ
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ֻǰ˿Ļȴҹ±һľȻĿͻȻųаЦݵİ˿Ȳ֪Ӧݴʱ顣
ףӦҲûʰɣģ£֤ǺǿģǺôҲཻô˲ǣġ
ŻڷĹУͱһס
ĪҹһҪԼNTR˵ĸо
ԱĿɵôģ۵˷֮ɫƺԽĳڴһ㡣
ţǱ˳ȥֱӺ˷ӡ֮⡣
ƽҲҪĸ״Ǿأ˼ô˼
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ǽ֮ɫѵǴô̸
ʲô
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624 ֲһ
䡫
޴ļ́ͷȥܿ㡱֮ıգ⻹ԼͶ˼ģ
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߳⣬Ĳġ
ͶӰֻ֣ûвȡʲôٶ
һ𣬻սĿʵ̫Сˡ
µҹ˵Ԩ˫ԻཻЭΪֲεսġ
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ͶӰҹĻƺԵЩԥڴʱһǸ˳
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۵ɴϣϰԭ;¾׵ȴǸ˼ʥַĿϢ
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ֱ仯ȴҲҹ˿û⣬Ըûʲô仯ȻǰǸţֻǳɾ󣬻ӵһƽƽȸС
ԱڴδӴ¶˿ҹǸϿСԻԼߡ
ĪŮ֮һֹԼ

أ˵ʵô
ȻŮһЩٶ⣬ΪҲǸдžŹ֣ҹȴҲܹܵԼһ˿
ΪԼھиϣôΪʱĵһμأΣ˭֪ء
Ѿעˡ
Ȼֽڲϵֱ۳£ԷУͬʱҲǣԱ߰ŵС֣ҹ̧ͷЦ
ʵĻûĵطҲûʲô취ĺֹôԻǸԱѺõɢɡ
ȻҹһήҵĺȦӣڵĻȴûκ˵ӣǸ߸ϵҲǽԼͬĴڶԴ
οס񼶱λĽҪʲôĻȷ޽ġ
ڣҲֻڴͬ˵ˣŲʲôɣһҲô졣
ǴɴŮǴ޾Ϣڵ
Ϊػλϣ˵
£ͶӰȺɢ
Ūô󶯾͹ģҲΪѣ㲻壬ҹӰ죬ͬѾﵽǿ
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625 ת˼·
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嶼ɢ뵽أͬģֱӳճԴ
𵱳۷ʱռݵػҪֺ͹
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Э۵ĹУû˿˽ģȫ־ɳǵšһȫͿɳԳȺϹȻƶ൱Ѹ١
ֻҪȴλΰĴڹɡ
ѽѽˣӦûʲô²Ŷԡ
һЩɢӰ֣ʥֳ𽥸ֳһЩӰӰһ֣͸һ޷ֱӵĴĿС
罣šϣ
ǻҹ֮ǰ罣ĳֺܹ𵽼ʿã壬ҲŰģ
ڣȴҲˣоһº󣬸λʥλҲľʺһ¡
ţôһࡣ
ʾҲҪšЦĿͬڳԱһţͷ˰񡰴طߡЦԵЩ졣
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ط߿ųֵšϣǿЦ֮ɫԼ̽ʱɢһЩζҲͲʹ߹ˡ
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ҲǹģϾ̫ˣºҲҪһ˵ûдʲô⣬ʵҾ治涼νġ
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ҹǹŰˣֻǵãܷԣʹõħѪ⣬ǱĸҲʲôߵ꣬һʽǴȴҲųⷴԡ
Щϧֻʥλ־صĻᣬͨ˳˱鶼޷ַת
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⡭
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˹ָͬɺ󣬿ҹҲ¶һ˿廳ıСӣѾɳĴӢˡ
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߱ߵʦҲѹܹ̳˹Ĵڡ
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ӵߴ֮һȫ֧֣Ҳõĳֵˣ
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ӿ˼ˡ
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д˵Ĵڣȫ赣άŵĽˡ
ûǰЩĵģǱߴϢҲܲãڿǶˡ
ҹ˳֣ôսѸƾǾɵס
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мλˡ

ڳЩʱҹһʱȫž׼ѵʾ
ǸҲýţҾ˵˵ԼĿ
ţΪɶҪǹأΪɶǲȥǵתת
һʱ䣬治Щ䳡
ǡ
λսӶԴô
ҲǰΪʲôҪȵάŵ֣Ƕ̽̽ˣ˼ԣΪβΪǿء
ʥ֪֣ʵάŵһɵģ¿ɲܾôˡ


626 άŵ
άŵ
һԭСֻһĴ磬ΪԽСάŵ־ҲڲĹǿҲϵ͡
ͬΪСĹϵάŵ˶켣ӵɢԵĻ罻
ԱάŵԲ󣬿Ƭе磬ȴһ
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Ҳÿνɵϴε̽񣬴ӵϢһΪʱ̡
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鱨ηǶѾѡɾλoҲᶨѡά
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֮ǿȻҲ⣬壬ֻҪռ磬֮ԴȾģǵȻ˥ʱԳ
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֪ǵļƻܷɹ
Ԫһθںܴ󣬵ҲͬӵҪĶ
²ٻǾųԱ㹻벻پڵĴڽѹ塣
ûаȻΣգòϣǶһȺսǻҪḻöսרΪ

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Աƽ˵άŵǴа벻֮Ĵڡ
֮ӪҲǶԱλԣڹռλҲԵúǻ
޷ֻҪϱԪǣס˶Է壬ͭϾĵ£аֱӲ׽˫޷ʱ룬һεǲҲ˳ɣȵǲռһؾͿֲȶˡ
һƮ޷ĥƺͶӰǰҲ޷֪޷֪ڵĹӰ־άŵʱͳ֮ʱ֮
аŵҪע⣬ǻᣬkǾԥҲһڡ
ģǴӾųģȻkǵԸѾΪάŵػǵһµġ
öҲɺֻ֮תͷƮƴʱ֮֮еʱ֮ʵ
պۣʱĲǰһ׼ʱӣҲ뵽Էǰúõȫ׼Ȼ£ƽ׶ʧǲӿɶǾӢ
Ҫ󣬱崦ʱ֮еĿպֻƳ˶Էһۡ
磬Ļ֮Ѿ󣬱ܵų⣬ֵܹزѾǼޣ˵һ죬ҪӲڲֿһһ붼޷ƫ
㶼ֻô˵ûа취ˡ
ȻڴʱĻ֮ϣǵѾܹ۲׽ܹڰĻ֮УȴȻһɵ⡣
ᴩأ籯ĳ˺άŵϣֱӹ֮УƺĽĺǿ롭


627 Ϊ˺ƽ
ҹִյƽԭ֮ջء
ͷһʮƽƽԭ֮ϣ鶼˸ҫ۵ķĹԡ
ǵᴩſֲĹκνжܹܵ޴ѹĲۣڳɹƿԷάŵϣҲȶ
ǺܹһеĲƣɭΰ֮Ҳ𽥹ƽȶ֮С
һȶĿ֮ţǰ
״ƾ޴ľ壬ƽԭΪУ治˸άŵĸ־ɫάŵһӰһ粨г֣һ߾һһ㡣
ȫͬĹۣȫͬĹӿ룬ƺʥλ鶼ܵ˶Է֮ѹơ
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ֱӳʥλаųԱȥؼһƬ仯Īļ֣λѾ޷ֱսոտҲѸٵ
ȴĵ׳һأ⣬ǵ½֮սҲһô


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ͻϮսԣȶıƽȴԴʵռҪЩĿħܷͧ
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Ư֮⣬ֽһаŸ߰ʯȻ˦άŵҹҲϲڵĻҳ
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Ϊ϶ۼŦ֮ĹϵŦͨĶӦλã˫ԻഩԽ
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633 Դʦ
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⻰˵꣬ҹȻŲûͣЪͬʱҲڲϵļ¼ĲƣԱŲݿ
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ܹ㷴ܹ鷳
ԶֲͨЩпֱ겨ģȻάŵͨСӣҲֻһЩճ¶ݵġ
ĪҹĻƺЩԼΪиٵͷԶ˼࣬Է൱츳ѧϰٶȣ˵ԼԵĴʦ
ɼˣԼҲĽ϶
ףһЩճôϤһ£һάŵͨһǻġ
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ĪһЦı飬Ҳ֪Ĵͬ˵аա
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ǲ֪һͱȽϵ裬ϲ͵ļһôðձμֿжǵһӡ
ĸȻ൱ı꣬ҶԵһǲҲ˾ѡϲԹӵɢһӦǲϲսǡ
ҲǱȽϲðգȽϺűģҵ鱨ռ֡
ҹûѯʣҲû¶˿飬Ǽһȴƺ֪ЩʲôԹԵ˵
ͷĿСһۣҹ۵Ҳһ˿ɫȷ൱ӻóһֻͰ̻һװݸ˵
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СҲҹһ·ǿպдʱзġ
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ҹôûεĹȻСע⣬ڴֵеĲ䣬ȻŻľ
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һȺķףҹֻҪһ򵥰ʾܸıĿе󣬶άŵĴ壬Ͱ
ΪòҲͬǷǰһ֡
׷λ֮˸Щ淽λǸĵκ͵ͼɡ
ҹһƽ˵ûпѹȣȴ¶һֹĸ߸ϣһ̻ΩΩФ
ԱߵĪԼѾѧļճͨҲǲϵöԼ໥֤
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Ҫ˲䵱ȻоܾĵӣСͷ峤æǽҪ϶˳
ȻǸյС䣬Ͼάŵֲܹ㣬ôҲһЩ¶¼ڸĵͼ档
յĶǱǲյĶ̫ˡ
ϸͼϣԼƬ½ͳ򻮷ֵͼ½ͼϻĴλá
ֻһ򵥵αװݣȻ˹˼򵥵ľ͵õ˵֮ҪĶĪҲ˫۷⡣
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ָܹĴУһ˾ܶһŶˡ
ҲףȻȥ򵥣˫һĨڵǲ˵Ҫȴ̫ˡ
ԣҪ嶼൱˽⣬ֵزȫǿ鱨ȡʤĵ
ţҪġסһϣڳ䷿䡣
ҹɨһۺȻȻİԱߴ˼ĪЩ±ơ
ʱǽͼӪôסһϣסΪɶ


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ҹҲû˿ļӡ
ֻȴùСĪèץһͷԼͻȻ˯ȥҹҲЦ뿪˷䡭

ԭΪɽԼԵ쳣Ļ˲䣬ʱһ±þһƬЩԭĿȫ
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ҹҲЦЦתǰ˸߷ķ׼ʼԼƬ粨Ʋ桭

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ڳŻػعĪǱ˺ѵĺ⣬ɻ䡣
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ȴҲ޷ת򵥵Ķ
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ڣһ˾Ȼܷӳ˿µĹ
ǺǣȤһȺ΢棬ȻҲ˵ү
׳ɢֻһںڵӰ׳֮Уȡ
Ǳ׻ڵģȫһӰ
ûԭˣʱȻںϳһ壬һֶص˺壬ӰĹȫסһ
뱨ϵĲ찡Ȼδ֪ĵô
һҲ˾޴׵ĪɫҲѿս鱨ôǿΪһǿߵмܡص㡢ƶ壬Եȫǿ
ڣȴȫˣΪԶֵȱ˽⣬ǿĹȻûԤеЧ
ˡ
ѾûвĶˡ
ԼѾĿܡ
ңҪôӣ
ʧܣѹյһݣº󣬱㶼ķ
ʣµľƷȫҪ󶪳
ĴνλħûãЩѰƷ㲻ϣֻܻԷ޾Ц
ɣǣܵǵıǵĲñүðɡ
ɣɣȻȥɣ
˫ֻ۳һµĺڰ壬ܹһ㡣
ǲԼֵĹҲȷǹλӰʦŭ
ԭͼ²һЩڵ뷨Ҳȫ
ȥǺûʲôʧʵȴΪ۵һ
ȵƿڹǣҪ֪ʵһֽѣ
ȫɣһƬ壬ЩһĹȫ˽ȥ߸߾
֮ɫǰӳ
һ·ռĲɫգۼ͵ִ˽֮⡣
伴ײڹҲ֮ʱ
һ˺صҫ۹һ
Ȼɫ壬ͿյĺӰȴͬʱһʧ˴롣
һӿɨǰһС
ӰһС룬ֻܲûȥȱ֮ı߽϶ѣ
˫ʧĲֶƱƾȥ
һϿȥɫӰӰһߵĺ󷽣಻Ŀռ˺ѿڣһֱĻǺغƶȫᴩ
Ŀռѿڣ֮޸ѸٵĴľƬֲԭţѿڱȫԭضһֹŤ
һ߿ͧһͷȴֻĪ±֮ɫһ
Ӿͺ񻨵һСϣȫʯԭء
⡢˵Сô
涡


638 Χ
һƵɽ壬еĻѩΪɽҵԵʱ˺ɫ
һΣ±Եҹһʯһû¶ƺȫأȫάŵ粨ơ
һϸɲĲǻ۾
ν粨ôԭˡ
Щ˸ΪһָϲĽǶ粨ƣĳ̶ֳҹҲЩԼߵһЩżĹˡ
ֲеЩŹ֣ͳڻȻһ壬ڻ֮УǷѾ绯ԼȴĳЩʲô
ţԼһûˣԻȻȻɢһֶԹδų
˵ŮԿԼͷ飬һֲȻɣȨһ㣬ûʲôı䣬ȴǻȻԼֲԼʧ⡣
ǰһֱСԻߵǻãСԻάŵƺЩˡ
ףǰ治һĶѿ˼СԼƨɺ𣬲ѾȥʲôԵġ
ðߵҹֻǳ˳飬ĬĬĴӻͳһö״صĶǣԼϡ
һֱ׹ı󣬽ںڵĻѩһƬڻһ̯ཬ
һ͹µӰǱĴཬʪںڵཬͿȫȴҲ޷ڸཬµ뿡۵Ļһ־ҵķ
ȿȡȻˣĸŵġ
ƺܵʲô˺زλŮԣڷҹ󣬲һ䡣
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Ҷôҷϡ
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ĺһ
ƬĲƿˣȻֱӳֽʥλǣƺֻܿݼˡ
ס˵ȵȫƬ粨Ƴ͸⸽Ҳͬӵάŵļӳ֣ʱ򻹲ôá
һҲܹȥˡ

һߣǲ֫׹䣬ѾֲĿռ仮ۣҷͧϵ˶˴֮С
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вĻЩרŸʦϾ˵ʥλεĸ߲ٶҪҪö࣬άŵܾʥλβ̫Ե·硭
һѾ׹ٵķͧܣɢſϢĹӰ
ͧ׹ٲкضǲȱʬ塣
һŸֲ˿ڣԼһϵ欰飬ñ
Ȼ鴫ˣһҵ汳ˡ
Ϊάŵ۷֮һĿ࣬˵ѪĿҲǸٵģȴǸߵĳ档
ͬҲӵſֲͳͨѹһͷ
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ڴʱ˺Ļһ֣ȴҲǵע޽Ϳ£Ǿ֮ԶֲƵĳ֣ͷƤը
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һʱ䶼Щԥ
ͷŮ鴦˿ںתͷ
άŵǵʲô
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ӰǳƬ򼲷ɶȥڿлۡ
Ⲩĺۼʵ̫󣬽Ƭ½ǿ߶ܹӦȻͧؽܸ߶ˣ˽ȴҲ֮ͧǰĴЩ롣
ţǿǱһҷͧˣ֧ԮٶȻȽ
ȵ֮ʱѾطеķͧױ֡
Ȼڶﵽһ̶ȣʦǿҴܵʱƺҲֻʱˡ
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ܹôעҲ˰ɣ±ҲΪǲȡ㹻ʱ䡣
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639 ֱ
ŲԶԼƵĽ֮·ͧҹҲɸеЩϧƬǿܶȣβ˶ء
ţոձһλŮȨץкڻûüʩչԼݼ׼߯Լƺ֪ʶŮȨĹʱһƳյĹѾɹԼת˶Էע⡣
Ǳץ׳ҪһͬѰˡ
Ѿ˽ƵĹؼʱ̣϶ԷϵĻʥλԼЩ֣ҹȻѡЭ
һ߷ܵİڳѰӣһҲԼĲƼ¼
ŶάŵԵ˽⣬ҹĴҲԽԽˡ
ӵʥֱǸ˵ʥλܣһЩӽĴԡ
ԽԽףԶˡ
ǰѰҲԽԽࡣ
û취أǵİΣԣԼϵҪ
ĵ̾˿ҹƺûвֵ˼ֻĬĬļٽ
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ǵģ˵˾ԲģΪɶ͹ܲס˫ء
ҹԴһܿյӣ˵Ҫĵ͵Ľ粨Ʋʲôġ
ԼվѪ鰡
Ϊ˸棬Сһ֣Լû취־Եء
һǿݵڶϵĺá
ˣƬҲĲˣһһɡ
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ǿնԵЩԵ˸ӳ϶˼ɫ
һɫӰ欵˲仯ĩƾɢ
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ҹĻ£ǼУڳǿߣʦǷףЩǰ죡
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ǰľУҹȴǱ޲ۡ
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ҿǽʦأ˭ǵĵӴ˫۾⣡
Ѫɫͫ֡
˲Ϣǿ߱㱻¾һգ޾ѪȾ˸ƬȻֹգƺصǰĻ


640 뷨
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ԼƲס֣ҹԼֱıҲеһԼԭǶM
άŵ粨Ʋ֮أƬ粨Ѿֻһˡ
ǰһСȺ˵ȫȲԼɹ档
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һʱңԶ֮ı壬̼ϵԼİ־Եõ󣬽άŵ޴ڵİͣϢֱӿ粽̤롣
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ǣӦôҾ㿴ʲô飡
鰴һϷŴľ޴ӰҹԼͧоȫֶ롣
ƺһ̾ܽҹƳ޵
ڴ֮ǰһȴ쳹ʡ
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һȼ޾սĿһǴѪɫԵĹӰ̼߶ݺݵĳ֮еάŵʥλȥ
ûһ˿һ֣Ҳûһ˿һԥϢαȲԷȴûеεķƺǻȥҲҪҧһ⡣
ͻȻ֪ܳķҧסΪʷʫǿߣʵĲ࣬ȴȻһʱ䱻ѹ·硣
ʥλİԵǲĴ򷨣ȻǴ⿿ߵĲŭһʷʫ
޾ĺɢн̼չ
ԣֵǿ߻սǿĲĹнԴ˾Ե·硣
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ǶôܵϢôۺıأ
˭ֹԼ
ԼнչλʷʫɿҲ̰֮ɫ
һ󵨵뷨


641 ηʥ
άŵԼʹҲȻôȻⶼܸϣǸ
ָһ֣ҹѪɫͫѸתӰһֹĲƣһѸٵļƬ磬ƺһҲ˳ֵ׼
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ʼһλʥλ߿ͽһķ͹ˣھȻðһλŷĴ棿
֮ͧڵ˿ڿˮٴʳ֮ǰʹһε⡣
⡢⵽Ǻηʥ
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Ҳʲô̺ôڹִ֮ǰæϢԼİ¡
һ˿һҪӲӴܵĹ
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û뵽ɣԼЧҵİתƹġ
ԼµĹҪܵöࣿ
һʥλ氡㹻ֱӳˣ֪鱨άŵİ¿Ҫ࣬ȫڳԸ档
ֻǾĵķѶϢ֮ȴʯûеõ˿ĻӦ
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ԼҪϴˢϰǰʧְ
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һƵִĻһĻص֮
ҲǶȿ裿
£
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Լҿɽ˺ҲӲŻԼԹ֮ɫµĻԼ£ڱʧҲûԼʲôˣҪ
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ѸĲһ˲佫ڵ֪ѶϢ˹ȥ
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أ޴ڣ
λս߲εİ١
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˵˰ĳ֣һϢȻǶǶԵĻϢ
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ճֻɱԷһ棬ðҲֵõģ΢ӳһ²ų֣ҲǣƶԷʱò׳Ļᡣ
λʧȥ˶ǵʷʫܣЦš
άŵĴܣðȫܹ㻹˵סΪϵס𣡡
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תѪɫͫףԼһɫ۰׵ͫ׾Ķս
ȫٶදһһ
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ʼάŵʮ緢׼ʱ
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ʮλδʼֱλǺ֮ͨС
ڶԷûаļӳ£ȻضûС
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ڣԷ̬ĸȻͬʱ
ǸļһǸȥľŮˣ˺һ
άŵҲѹż
ڣɱȫ֮µĹȻͬʱ٣
ðֻûüλֶңǲ׽ԼϢӶ
һ˶Լѣολ
УߩУ
Ŷ˼ҵİְֺܸȤ
ƺҪʦ
лĳ֣˳Ӧҵ˸״ˡ
Ϊıǻûʹġ
ĵ㹻ʱ죬ֳȥҹ֮˵ĸ֪뷨
ţȵ˵˼άָת󣬱ֻؼɫѪꡣ
䣡
άŵȥ
ŷͧľȻƺǻҪٴظ֮ǰ⡣
ηʥ˼ҲѾ಻ȥˡ
Ī˵Ҳľ֮ɫ
ðɣҲͳֶܳǡС⡱ɡ
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642 ̯ϴ鷳
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ôܣ
ʱʹ߾Ȼˣ
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һǲǽǾɱʥλ̬
ֻԺĴ򷨣ʵϸȴҲռлð˽еȡ
һֱԵ֮࣬ǰЩٿصаʥλ˸ֲԷʥλʵҲڼ֮ϣȴһֱԼռϷ硣
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ڣû˿ףû˿ԤϣǡʱʹߡȥСܳͷ̲ͷһ˿ضûУ
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û뵽һεԴ⣬Ȼͱ˺ҵ˻ᣡ
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֮ǰǡ
ص͹ˡ
ǡ
ֲεĹﻤļһʲôˡ


643 鷳Դ
ϰһӶǹ
ĳʺٿľΪǰάŵ棬Ȼʶİ񣬿ŵЩ߸ϵĴʱٴеվǰһֲʵС
ȻĸȫںȨļһô
սʹ˹ȫԲзۣȵͽʲôǶԵġ
ҹȴǲٹʲôֱ½صǷ֮ͧϣ˿ճļװϣϥ¡
ڲʹ£ս̫˷ǻ鷳
ڣֻҪĸ͹ˣңԼʱҲˡ
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֮ǰkȥϢȻȷЩⰡ
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Ϊİѹάŵ˿ʼ̽ǲ⣬ǹأλճвûʲô¡
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ֱܹİǿգƬնλõļⲼ
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ǿŰ绥ϣԮµİˡ
ڣҲܿάŵİĿռ൱ƣҲȫĴ·磬Ӳȥܴþá
ನԽԽƲסˣһֱȥάŵĵرݻ٣˽
պۣҪ
ȻڴʱһжҪ죬ѹάŵͷ־ΪǩԼ뼺սߵʱ
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ڴʱһֲĹĻȴǻһܡ
ǿάŵȦһȦأƺάŵ˳һ㡣
γɶĵ
ĻӻΧ֮ڣǾԵľ
κιִ
ֱһ־ϣ
еִİʥλӻڡ
һڣɢ˾󲿷ֵֻ°Ĳ֡
ҹҲǷͧװվ𣬿֮еס
ǱһСܲһ١

ڵkֵʱ׼ȫάŵ׼ȥٺͶԷһƺάŵ֮ⶫӵų⣬ǳȫԼ


644 
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ҹ̧ͷдЩɫںֵĺϵϢҲʼ𲽰θߡ
-˹İԵݲͬҹϢһȶһߣֵƬһеĻһеĺû˿ۼɢ
˹ٺǶʱգǿ顣
ꡭ
鲣һĩ
лͬҪлĴڣ࣬㣬ͲӵĵһеĸԴһлҵԴͷ
޴ҵĿҹƺֻҪk۾һۣͻֱӳٶ
ͬ㣬ΰҲͲήڴˣҲòⱾʵ
ԡ
ʱҳлˣ
ǽʹ޾Ļ磬綼Ҫ໥ϣȻǲһֿµʱ䡣

һƬάŵļҹϵѸٽۻһ㣬統еȴƽһƬճʱ֮С
Ƭصʱ䶼˴ңȥδ֣һͬ¯һ
ֻ֮Ѿάŵ磬ִҸС
ҹһνٵάֲҷǺȻһһάŵ־ڷųⲻ֮͡
Ȼҵʱ֮£kųȥҪѵʱ䣬ȴһ˲Ҳһǧ꣡
ʱʱkȡ˶ݽάŵ⼶дȸƻĻᡣ
ڻȡⷢ󣬾𣬲ɢݻҰɫʱ֮ɳҲڻҺ̬Ϣ
ÿһʱ֮ɳƶֱᵽʱţϲ
һú󣬸ʷƣ޷ֵ
û˿ԥĳҹ
ƺϢһʱԳˢĨһС
鶼ḯࡣ
ƺҹʱҲȫıŤᣬӿϢٶȲ죬ƺɲǣѾע˸ҹδ
ҹƿصƬϣû˿ĸһ޴ѿڣûܵסһ˿һ
Ƭҵʱ֮Уλʱſֲܣ
ϢҰ׺ˢ;һжˢʱ֮ӵԴͷ
Ȼ޿赲ˮϢܷӵ۷֮ʱһѰȴǲ֪Ӻδƥ֮С
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Ҫάŵ綼õϢ˲䱻˺ѣɢɢһգҰ׵Ĺǻҵʱ֮С
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ֻͨһȴǻ޴龫ǣòײ˿άŵ־İ취ʱڽﻯԼ
ڣȻ赭дƽˣ
Ȼ˸ӣѵӾû㣬ҵĴ֮޷ô
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Լ汾Դһ·ɾģһôκεԼ
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ھȻ־˺ˡ
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Լάŵ㣬ҲˣӺϾ·磬ҲˣǻǾͲҪԼĺ
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ڻʱձҹƳ󣬵kҲѾ޷赲άŵ־ų⡣
ȻԥˣͰѡ񣡲ʶ̧٣
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û뵽-˹ڼ£޹󣬾ȻϵѡȡƬʱƿߵȨ
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±Ҫˡ
ֻһսάŵᱻ֧飬ν£սҲһЦ
˫̧İѹŽܱߣһҹ׼ڶԷɹ֮ǰȷѡ
ɰһϤЦ֮ĶȴͣŹ֮ɫ
棬ƺʲô
˿ȵƺǴչ룬ĳ֣Ѿצ̽޵ʱ֮Ҫʲôĺ-˹еĶȴȫͣ
ԭ˻벻ĿУƺǵӰһƬĵѪɫѸٵת

ͣٺͳɣάŵ־ҲɹĽk֮⡣
ɵƯ
ҹŹֵЦ£ͬʱͨԼƿصƬΪ壬֮⣬ı˲Ϣ䳯źֶȥ
ǰ˵˿ɱʱ֮ͭ鷳ʲôûء


645 
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ȴҲн֮һʮΪλǵʲôʲô֪սನбĨһдںۼ
аţ
ǰҲֻǶиӡѣڣǡ
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Ȼ˵ҪңǣͺúõȡҰɡ


649 
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ܲΧĺɫɢµ¹ٴִء
Ӯˣ
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⧲ͻȻ͵ϮĴģ֣һοԻ飬ع㹻ƬĿսڸոտʼ޶δչ۷Կʱͽˡ
ȻһƬ飬Ԫػңȴʼ˵ѾõĽ
Сӡ
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ҹ̧ͷϤĻ³ɫĳˣҲ𲽻ָ
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650 Լ
ΣѾҹҪԵȴԶԶδ
ۼ֤թ-ɵµǿ󣬽ֻһپֱӲ㽫𣬽ԼҲȫ֮С
ҲΪ˫۾Ŀթ-ɵµǵ
ڤڤkǵҲѾҹ׽
ͨƬ֮ĵ·
ά統һ֮ߣûй̶ͨĸƺѡⷽǰˣͨġڡ
ڤڤУҹܹһ޾ʵİ׶
޷ά״ݣ޷޷ݡ
ӲҪ˵ƺһƬ򶼰ʵȴǵܹ塱塣
ѡĸֻҪǰͷ¾ܡ⴦׶
ȿ˵ƬģҲ˵ƬıԵ
ͨⲿġڡȴûô׽롣
ųһС
޽ԣȻƵһֵһֳϵܡ
ƺⲿڶɵһжᱻ³ϵƬƬҲȻڲϵɢϵϡӿĿռŨȡ
թ-ɵ֮ǰ˵һܶȵ档
άŵӸ߲˽Ƭ磬ֿթ-ɵ·֮ߣҹҲѾԼһֽ⿪뷨
Լߵ·ȫͬ
˹ߵһЩǿ֪ʶkһΣҲ·ߣǾǳɾΨһ־ͬԼԼġ񡱡
һ֮ڵҲܹԭΣͻữһ֣ڡ
Ƭŵ޾Уɾ͵Ҳ޼һЩҲñȵ˹Ҫǿ
ΪҲǿ֮֡
ҹԼߵ·ߵȷһ;ͬغϸС
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ʵڹ֮ȫ֮Ⱦ䣬ӡ족˹ĳ̶ֳԼѾܹ֮Ϊ񡱡
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ҹĲΣۿǰԼкޱߵʱҲܲϵӽˡ
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ؽݱЭŴŮĵ趨궯ԪأǿѵĴҽܿĵõԼͻָ
ڱ˹󣬸ҲڲϵΪԼؽŹףֺؽһ㣬ŵҪȥ֮˵־ȥ
深ܣֲȱʧĿֱ˿Ȼﵽƽ⡣
ڵ£άŵʹ̸Լ
ƽȵġԼ֪ȴҲףάŵѪǲˡ
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ʲôѾʵˡ
ΨһѡΨܹȡľǿ⸶Ĵ۵Ƕ١
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ò˵ѡǶôȷҲȷǰͷˡ
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Ϊ̸еĴԭɺʾѵѡ
һµĳɾ̾Ϊֹ
ŹֵĿҹһۣҲҪǵɹԷιˣ֪ʲôһ档
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ۣͶĳ˿ȳζֹҹҲɸеһ
ͬѾ˵İ˿ȣȫե֭һöһпվͻŰźԼһ𡰿ż߯нơ
˶챻եˣ㻹ĸë߰
ȡ˹ˣάŵɵʧҲʵаŵĽҲûãսʲôǾԲٵģԺάŵҪհ
ߵĳ֣Ҳ̸ܹеʱܵѡ
ѾõġԼȴûʲôı䡣
άŵҪ⳥ҿڲԴĿȨͬʱӽԺάŵĸ磬һжҪΪס
ȻΪҲάŵ޹ʵѹȣͬʱάŵܵʱҲбӻ
ҹǿн˫ϵķʽάŵһܵҲܵ֡
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άŵʮλ־ĺԼҲʽ
սҲ⡰Լա
ҲͨΡԼջ֮ǰΪ־ʧ
ֻǡ
Դϵʧȫֲ˻Ҫõ࣬ȥȴѾ޷

Ѿˣ
֮-֮-˹ҹƺЩпԼƬ˽ͼˮ˹ȥ
ȻֻÿȡһֶѣŴǻȽϽģһԵ·ˡ
ͼӹҹǰ˰֣Цת뿪˻
ʶͼˮ֮У磬ܵռһ㣬ҹҲǺһ
ΣӦҪŰһȥɣΪֵ鷳


651 ǳ
ҲܣҲҪȥ
һֻȵĺ򲻶ϵǰţҹͷˡ
ðɣλĺš
ֻѪ׬̲ԶҲСһΪ׺ˣҹĥ䡣
ֶ⼤ȵСһûʲôֿ
ȻΪԼʳȻŲᣬǶιԡ
һֱֻšʮ⿷һֱֻŰţȫ᲻÷֡
ֻλ£ÿһҹͻҪȥҰְ֡
ڿȻһƤһЩ͵˸׵ıأվϻǲġ
ϵԼСʱԼüΣҹҲȫû취κأţԼŲأΪû취
кµıûϨ𣬶ҵkȥȥаŵϳ˵·ϲû鷳Ժµʵթ߱ȥ˺аҲκβ
ֻʶСԴҹο˵
ٷϴˣǰʱұҪһЩء
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룬ҪԼ뿪ʱûк֮ǲǡ
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İΣҲҪԼˣ巽ԼֻҪӦļ쵼棬̫ıԼҪˣҲʱڳֳȥԼһУͬʱҲȥѰһºټ
ڴλҹǷ飬ҲܾţΪ̫ˣҲΪ׵ôԼȺ֢ɾߣ
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ѵҲҪȥôȻܷǿʵܹ𵽺ܲİܾô鷳ء
ҹԵøˡ

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ڲоңԣȴԺܷյģȫ޷άŵӰȡ
ΪάŵȻǰûʲôõ磬ŵƻӵźպ
С綼ŷɥ
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ȻѡҪ뿪ƬںƬ棬ԼͱҪǰ
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һ۵ռĸٷзʽ̾ٶϵȻ޷˺ѿռȣɳȴܹʡ鷳ֺƶͿˣܹԽԽ졣
Ϊ۵ռĹϵʵٶȳԽ˹ٳǧ򱶣Ҳﵽռ޶
˵˺ѿռƶǽֽȫ£ص໥Ӵƶһֱÿռ䱣UͰ۵ģʽԽٶֽ֮ľ룬ʵֽϵľȴҪöࡣ
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ȻϾŵ򣬺ڶڵĿռܶ磬滹һָӱݵԶ뽻ͨģʽ
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ƶһ˵ܶطŵkķǡ

Ҫǵk̫أҪץźá
Ǵ뷨ҹһҲ𲽵˳ƶ
ԭ޼ѹľɫҲڲϵ컹ԭԭĳȡ
һƬ𵴣ͣǴ޴մŴһٹ
ҲǸͼϵһЩ˵ģÿռӰ쵽š
ɫȫָ֮ҹҲϸĴǴֲڵǿմ
൱֮ͣϵĴ߲ȥ
ѵĲϺ͹ģȴȫһΡ
һٹ浱еľȻ㲻ʲô־ӽ֮£ӴǿմȴҲռӽ硣
ʮž޴СΪ㣬ƴնɵһ巨ɢտɫĹԡ
ΪԣǶżȵ⣬ûĸԸ⿿
ҲֻǿմԼ·Ǹ̫ճС
ģʯټµײӰ쵽󣬻ᶨڵǡ
ȷͬ˹˵Ƿյ̫Щ
ʱʱ֮ռ䣬һŤеɴ֣ҹܸоƺеʱˡ
ţЩɴബΣħԪؾӶ࣬ٲӵűԼϻҪȽĿƻԪڡ
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ҿΪ粻Ĺϵձ鶼ʥλҪࡣ
ĽǱȽƵġ
ҲǰԼϾ֪ʮǧͼ總λ棬δ֪ûж١
ǸȥתתɣܸоҪˡ
ͷҹε˵
ֻĻȴ˰˿ȵȤ
ԼҺŶ
֣֣áááá
ҲʼϤľιιǳҵ𣬲ΪҸڳİɡ


652 
ǳǡ
ΪǿմĹϵԷչһǳǣʷ
ÿһǿմܹȶķǳǣҲγһгĹģ
ܹ֮ⷱǳù鹦άŵ粻ϵڸսмǿմ󶼹رˣֻʣǰ
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Ҳάŵģ綼
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£ҪѡԶĵطҲϾʱԣһһòҲû̫
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ҲֲֻεĴڣſѹסֹģĳӡ
Ͼ˿̫ˣĶڸžܶʥλʱʱðݵ飬ѹס
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һԭСȻҲȫ𣬷ǿܲΪԼľ飬ԷĹһʡ
ȡȻù֮ڵֶΣǱȻǵԼɽף׵ķ𣬿϶ûԼôǡ
ǷǳеõĺôٶȱԼ絥֮ᴿҪ졣
Ȼλ飬ûʲô̶Դ춼ԼʹλսչаҲкܴϵ
ϡ٣ֻ񾧶ͨõġ
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ʼԷϻЩϢ󣬵Ҳûе⣬ҹҲں뷨˭أҲǸ
άŵ֪ûС
ҹҲ׼˵ͺͳİ㱩¶ԼϢһ
תһ룬ԼҲҪʲôĵģҽýͷӦҲеЧɡ
άŵ˵е˵
ֻ߸ո˵꣬ͷǰͷ˫ǵаӣɫ˲ͲҰƺЩ˵
֪άŵĸλˣ֮ǰʧ֮˴֪߲
֣ǰɣ׳ƳάŵȻôﲻѾڼǳǵıΧô¸Ӱ


653 һֺ
ҹ±ƵĿսսļһ
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ֻҪһֻҪ䵽㣬еĲֻᱻкֱɢ˵ɢ֮󻹻ʧȥʽγɶ˺

һ˲ҹݿѸٵֹĽ취óԽӦٶȲ϶֮⣬ܼ޷ܵĹΨֻʱշŤת
˺ѿռ佫תƣŤռùƫת
Էʲôӹ̿ռ֮ڵַǾ治תˡ
ѹֵ˹˵ƼΪǰܹ˺ѿռĻԵôͷۣӹ򱶵ĿռǲǸӦ
ոȥԭ
ϧ̫ԵԼ־޷׵Ľû취˽⵽䱾ʣҪúоһ°
ڣ϶ǣֻӲܶԾҲԣӦʲô
ö˵Ĺײİ嶼ѹס
ҹʱ򣬹ӰҲ򵥵˵һܺӦַҹжϲ࣬󻹽һ»
ڴǧǰзз֮ĵһ£ɱ顣
Ӱ򵥵Ľ⵽ܿ챻ҹϡ
̫԰ɣڲʹԼҲˡ
ҹɻ˵ıҲһʣҲᱻҲΪʧͬɢµܹͨüٷ䣬ͷıըҲû취ɡ
Ѿ˽⵽ıˣûɱͬʱҲԼ硣
ӰЩȻĿҹڽӴ֮󣬵һӦȶǾ֣Ҫþòܻо䱾ʡ
Ͼ޷ʵģû뵽һﾹȻӦô졣
ұνĿƼҲео
ѹ֣Ƕԣûʲô˵޾̫գӵȨܵ磬ҪɣҲܹרǰ޷γи졭
Ӱ򵥵˵һ˵ʽȷˣоˣǼʺʲôĿ϶ɼ򵥡
֮ǱִһΪ񡯼ƻķԻǽ˲ɱϾɱһΪ˽޷ƿصвڶΪǵʽо
֮󣬹ӰͱϳӾϢҹЩоЩʧ
ôоˣаŻҪֲ


663 ׷
ŵõݣҹԼĿǰʵһ΢͵̬Ҳȫָ˹
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̫վӵлͨ
ƻʵʩ󣬸ͻûγʲôЧĵֿͱһ߰˰ˡ
ӵ飬ƬҲӡ֤˻Ҷ֡
еñʧ˿ƼôǿȻ˵Ҳϵǿߡ
ȴҲѾʧȥ˼׷Ķ
඼ֶθƼһЩܹƳʥλûٶ
ΪзѾĴڡ
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ڲǧǰһλаŵǿ죬ɹùĵȺ߲˶䡣
ԴΪѸٵɢֱסǵ۹δѶʱ䣬ûγʲôЧĵֿ
ӡ֤ʲôһｵһ
£ԭͻҺڰĻȻȻͱøӵĺڰˡ
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ԣǲҪȥ֧ԮƬʲôֻǼɡ
ҹԴص˵
ǵǣǿմŶеģǷӦҲȥһЩ磬ķ֮һΰİĪҮָӣֻһǿմŹȥԮ֮һ
Ӱ⵹ǴһϢҹҲ˿
ӰѾǿˣԼ֮£Ȼáΰ󡱶λָӹ٣֪
һλҪӴ
ֻǣ֮ϵĴڣ
ʵΣƺΪû̽Ǽλ۵ĵףҲ֪Ϊ̫ǿ󣬻Ϊ֮ϻʲôľ硣
ǵ˹ϾǰҲаŵвɲʵԶڣʶǶ࣬Ҳʲô֪
ɴԽǿմһ̾һͷ޾嫵ǿ֮С
ǳķȴǿմţƺͶһǿա
Ϊ˱ⱻɢ뵽һߵĴѾ߲ˣֻطĴ󵥱Щ
ԣҲǻʹֿƼɴԭôʲôҲ鷳
ʱһֱűŵİȴվƺڸӦʲô
ܵ˾ı
ƺԵЩˣǹɾһֱࡣ
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ûУҲҪ
⣬ҲǺѡԭô֮ǰkͻȻ뿪ıˡ
Ϊƶţ
ֻ˵аŶŵʱkй¶ʲô
ȥҵĴӪӪƬһά֮Уȷ˰ȫԣ·ϸλҪע⡣
Ӱص˵
֮ǰԤʾ˵Ȼǵͷǣһֱ˿Ȳ˳ۣҪЩʲôǧҶĵͷӦ
ʱǷֵ建صġ
ȻڷɴոԾɣ׼ͷͼеָʾǰһʱ
ͬһŤ˸һ͸СһķɴǴ˸ƳǰһܼʯѸٵĴš
Ȼĳ֣ҹǼˣƺҴϵ˶еһããԾܹײϣҲ൱Сĸˡ
ҹҲˣǰƬź֮ǰǿմԶйأԵЩ
һҷɴʵΪԼ˵Ӱ죬ռ䲶׽ġ
ˣλμ棬Ҫ߸λһõϢҺǻ׷ģǣ뱻۵ĻøϽͷ뿪Ծߡ
һȵӷɴƵдȻֿƼƷ϶ûԵתߣڳһ±ơ
ֻ֪ԵĹӰˣԼ겨˷롣
˼ԡ
ҹָֻոһİԣڿѸһдķš
⼸仰ķŲϵչƷ鼮һѸٳʵ䣬˶ݻ
ҹ˼ԡ֣ѾɬϤ˵˳
ݻá
Ƿ
ƺЩпÿһλóķҲܹͬҹҲ
ڴʱƬһ˸֮ǰͷɴСͷȺ
ϰ֮࣡
Ҳ֪ǰһҷɴǵʲôȻĿ׷
ȻҹǶȥˡ
ǳֵηһͣٺ󣬱˲ֳ˶ʮҳҹ߰Χ
ЩηɴԼҷɴ֮ǰǿŷ壬ȫһģӳġ
ǲһһս𣿡
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ðɣƺҪԶֶˣǻиֱһЩķǧҶһյ˷ɴ֮⡭


664 ֵ
ѻŷɴٵʯдţָ֮ѡŷУر˹ԵԶܣñ׷˳Ӧֱ׼ֻܿʻԱЭӦ
Ҫһļʻ
һٶ׵СɴϣҲֻˡ
ЩĶߣȻ˵ƶᣬǸء
һλŽʲ㣬ߴ׵﷢֮׵ǽʲϻܲϾ˿ڣȫԿǳսһľ
ʵҸĵΪʲôǻʷеб
ŷɴʯĻҶ׷ļʻԱһֵɵ˵ƺʻûʹȫһ㡣
ӢòԼһ˵аȣִһǷĻӸоĪһ
̲ҪҪѾ˲𡣡
һɫƤŮʼ毺õΣ˷ɫҲ൱ۣǼΨһһλˡ
ҷɴҪˣǿǻɨһвŷаĴڡ
һԴһƤ԰ףͷϻӵòŮӡ
ƺЩսľ˵Ǵһһεƺչʾ˵Ľš
һֱǸߴʲ׳档
УǶѾѱˣʱܱˣܹһѾ御ˡ
һֻë׵СӣüϸĻ˵ҹڴ˾Ϳ϶ܹǸڹƵ˵
ʮֵĸӣĸЦֵֻǿһ۾ͳһֻУƫƫȴҪӲһΪֻ˼öҡ
ʱһ޾ĹȴȺǰһ޴ʯ
ȻЧû취ʯ
ԽһƻΧȴǸ
ֻǱеʯһܵҸ²͵Ļһ㣬ҽݡ
һ̾ͻС̫һĴڡ
䡭
ѶĽܽʼٶȾѾﵽ˼¡
ϸ飬ܼ
Ѿûз϶Զܡ

ٿطͧĽɭֻüԹһ䣬һҷɴǳ˾ҵĻζ
ڸ־澯˸ڲмѳ˵ðŨ̡
ɴⲿҲǿӿݣż绡
ܵش
ܵĸţɴʧҲû취ʯ
һ鵯һ㲻ϵʯ֮ײţÿһζһ
ͧװ幻ͦǿһŵǶһʯ֮ϡ
ȻһΪĻӡ
ŻװöͷۻˣҡҡͷعҲܵһκ;
ӣԷԶƽAҲɴˡ
ƺѾһηɴ·ĳ⡣
һ̣ҼķɴǳһڻԵĺߡ
󡰺䣡
ֱӷ˱ը
䡣
һң׷ķɴͬǰһ֮ڣͬʱ˱ը
浱һٶ̻һ㡣
һʱѻе˲Ŀɿڴ
Ȼһ˲䣬׷Լ·ŵ׷ȫˣ
⡭
϶壬һЩ׷ɱȺ壬ֻǲʵһ㡣
ĴŮƺʲôԵЩ
үүĽںܾúܾǰƬҲĺۼ˵ġ񡱼ƻ󣬱ѿЩǿˡ
û뵽쾹Ȼˡ
ŶȻֱ̫һô׷3ͣȷ֮
ɴĻңԶϵһڵ㣬ŴǿǧҶгƨ̬
ĹﾹȻᱻɱ޷󡣡
һֱԼŮĽʲ׳ƺЩ˵ʵǹＶģִԵЩ
Щֻ׷3ͣĿֻǳս֮еɱݴΪ˶ԸרɱϵУӹԵ䱸ȫϵͳרΪǶ죬ɱƽʱ϶ʹá
ë׵СƺǶԻеǾͨһ㣬ڱ˵ԭ򣬶ʼ˵
ôǰ׷ĺϢ֮࣬⻹иϢ
ðɣѾ֪ˣɴǲȫ޷޸ˡ
˵еݣԶ޸Ѿ޷
ë׵Сӣ̧ͶӰλͼָŷɴģϴĺʾΡ
ôԮɣҾĵҲǶߣĿ˵ͬģ˵ĵ˾ѣ𡭡

ϹһЯ̫շļ˽˷ɴ޷̫յЩԭסҹһҲǸе

ǿһλžǸ˽ʲ׳ˡ
ɼһҲǿӵŴʦƺΪǿǿӵе
ˣ
ϵϢȴҹое˼
겨ǸʲĴ󺺣ǸͷϳŮϾȻ֣ͬһŮĲҲ̫˰ɡ
ë׵СеˣƤŮԼǺСȴļ͡
ĳλǿߵãֻǲ֪Ϊṳ̂еĵ·
λȥЩģ͵͵ɨӰźͰ˿ȿȥɵҹӵļһ͸˼ˡ
ҹϣܵһɺܴĹϢ
ţΪαװĺãһԼ֪ӡ
ӲҪ˵ĻˣĳλĶӣ൱ǿֹ
ֻһֱǱֳһѪͳǹȫû
ֻץ·ģȴû뵽ô˼ϡ


665 ¾
лλ𾴵˴ȣǿֻ޾̫оȴˡ
ǿȥɵ׵Ĺ֮ӿڶҹ˱ʾ˸л
ҹ֮⣬ȻӰδܿݵ⣬޷ȷԤ֪Ӱ췶Χûзֲ
޷һƬ״˵һ׷ǵԭ򡣡
ӰһֱǱֵĶţһĲãЩķףҲûбֳĮ
ѯΪʵġ
߼ʴ˽ʱҹҲһֱھĹ۲λ֮ӡ
˸ˣԼûԼݻαװʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ֮ͫĶ񻯶ҲûֶܷԷ
޵Ϣ⣬ȫһͨķˡ
ƫƫǹɹϢıʵ̫İթ֮ҹĿǰΪġ
ҹЩʱһߵѯҲѾɡ
ǰ׸ûƭһ˵ֻҪʳھԶĵõҪϢ
ټ㣬ֱӷȡǵļҲ׾١
ƺΪӰԸ⣬û׼ַʽûʲô
طͬ鱨ĻȡʵͨǳȵģҪ˽һЩ֮żֱ˵Ц
ƺֻҪӵܶǰ
ǰ̽նӾһܹ֯ϰ׷ɱĵˣǵ͵λʵƬл
飬ûпѹҲԵ̫ƽˡ
ƺҲһǿѡ
ǰʱ廹ˣռ˼̬򣬲֪ΪɶͻȻͰˣҲ¶棬ҹ鱨Ϣͣںпǹҵĺܸߵġ
ĿǰóϢϢֱը
񡱼ƻѾǧ꣬ķ˵ưԵ̫Զʱˣϰڵģʽ
͸¶Ϣӵ֮һĪҮصȻˣ
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ڳ˶𺳡
ǿƬܣ綨һĴڡ
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綼ûյ˿鱨
ԪеĻض˵˵Ľడ
ӵзһЩ飬Ҳûн鱨ݳȥǶӡ
ѵһ
ĪǹΪԮģһ˲ͱ˹¾ս
ȻԼԮ൱ǿϣԭȵҲӵоصĵλ
ʣԱаĪҮ̫ˡ
ˣǧҶʱɫѿˡ
һʱ䣬Ե쳣ء
ֻҪռϢȻҺ·ȥصģûˡ
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˵ʲô𣿡
ȻϢȻôڵĿһ㡣
ûһ˿һĶ⣬޾֮УȴҲ൱ѹȸС
ǸΪһֱԵЩɵɭļһ˿ڿˮ
Է˲Ϣһٶ׷ʲôԼ˵ȫֶ򼶵ġ
ûʲôֻǿҪλæˡ
ҹڻصա
ѾûˣҪôֱӻؼңҪôǼ룬Ȼӵмλ񼶱ĳݻ˵һؽ鱨ŻȥʲôģҲ̫סˡ
һÿܴڵķϢһΪǲ̽;
ȻǱȲаĪҮصĻأȴҲ൱һˡ
ѰֱӺɨ顣
ֻҪûݵԭҪɵĶ
Ⱥ޷˼άٶȵУҹѸٵĽȷ˽ľ
ӰͼضǳǷĴڣӰǳǸǾıϢݻȥʲôȫû⡣
֪ΪƬǿյĿռȷЩճһĸоϢĴݶЩɬôˡ
ӰѶϢ֮ɫҲԵЩء
ңЩõĸоƺڽʲô˵£ôֱʣЩ󡣡
Ԯ֮ǰռһµһϣͬһԮĶ飬»дɢ䣬֪ܷ

Ȼճ˵㣬Ҫʱ˺ѿռ룬Ҳܷſֽš
ͣƬ̵ķɴųβڿת˸󣬿ʼ𽥼٣ƱĻһ㣬źƹ켣ʷ֮С
µĿĵطȥ
Ǽķ֮أðߺ͹ӶãҲ鱨Ϊĵط֮ǡ


666 ɱ
ۣû취˵أ档
Ȼӵţ⼸⵽ķףǼһЩơ
޷˵Լ˵ݣ޷ͨκκηκй¶
ɭһû취Ҳ棬һȺðӵðǣĺ൱ʢġ
Ҳֻ;˵ȴһԸܵˡ
ֹ֮ǰɱϰ׷ҪǸȤ
ڴСڿƼѬյȦӣһжԿѧ͵ĻС
ǿǿԽܵģҪһս֪Ҳв١
ǣεãȴҪǵĿƼǰ࣬Ҳƶ׽оļƻҲױ롣
һҹҲڳ˶һαװԼƭǻõթ֮ϣһпܱ¶Ϣ
ߣаĶζ
ǧҶȻģҲ״ΪأűҹΪΪһ
ǿĹ˼
ӰǺܹ꣬ȡŻԲת飬Ҳɷ˸п
թΨһƷҹһ´ĶȻǷûϢá
깥㹻˺ε꣬Ȼ֪ǼλʵΣҲ̶ֳȡ
һСһĺãŹֵĵطʵǿзĿܡ
ҹһУҲѸٽ۾·ӡ
Ƭ򲻵Ӱо⣬ҹҲͬˣһƬ򶼻䣬ڰĹС
ǿס˸߲ĹӦ׼ʲôֶΣҿҪɹˡ
ΨһǺϢǣ˲ȫ
ΪƼԣǿʼ˸߲㲢ҲӣҲܿ˲뷴
ʱƬУķ·ϼ񵽵СӾǳƺΪЩΪߡ
ǵĲ϶սУںҲ൱Ķԣǵ۹ڲҲֻˡ
С˵ҲֻӵżĳλõƤŮ˶ѡ
ǣҲ඼Ƿ˵塣
ţǿƼռԴһֱ仯ˣֻҪ˺ֱγսͷжԿ

һİ֮ɫһֹžɸеĳΰռվһž޴ǵĹ֮⡣
ռվĴСֱһһ
·ǺɫǳһֻŸУӲдĲһűȫ־ԭ磬ʣµֻһƬţΪǿѰ֮һ
һռ֮һСȱڣȫᴩһΰڡ
׳̫ոۣƿ¡һ黷ǿռվһܣרָͣķɴ
һʮﳤٻɶεĳսкҲռվսкһЩƯͺƿռվװε׺һ㡣
ĵ׺ֻһң⸽֮ϣƺֲкʱĳʷĺظС
ƺܹңľսһ㡣
սƬкҲɹΰĿռվڲ
ֻСͷɴܹƾ߳Ĳٿؼкܲǿҳȫ·Ϳռվ-֮ǡ
ɴڲǽʾܾɫڷɴºƯĲк˶ܹܵսĲء
ǹһɵʧô
һǶĿ磬ȻҲȫĻˣ
Ǿ޴Ļΰڣ羯һҹǡ
ôǿ綼ˣûе񣬿ɾҲ㹻Լȫڴˡ
ʮս֮һ֮ҲѾܶˣ˵֮ǾǴĿս͵ȡġ
ɭһĴźʷ
Ƕԣǧǰ¾Ѿ̫ңԶˣֻΪϵ̸ʡ
ֹģսǵ۹ô
ҹѯһ
ðɣ׶ʮ֧ӣⲿפţרųⷴӦӣ鼸ʮ֧ɣ˵ûʲôвĿĽ̫ñܿˡ
еķߡðߡӶʲôĶǲȡСģʽΪ㵽һЩдʲôģǵ۹ҲȻ޷κεġ
֮ǣܹҪκϢȻҪ͹ġ
ڰ˷ɴ֤Ȼ׼ͣ۵ʱ򣬽ɭҲҪҵһ㣬Щ
ڻǳɹˡ
ʱҹ͹Ӱȴͬʱͷһ򣬽λҲͬˡ
ԺѸٻһΪմ鱨ԱòҪֱӴˡ
ҹƺǸоЩΣ׷ƺ
ǳԼ˼Щһġ
ֻҸ·Ķѣô鷳

ͨʲôֶ׷Ķ֪Щͷء
ȡȡȡ
Ťɫ˸ս֮⿪ʼԾ֮ǰ׷ɱһͺŵηɴ
ֻһΣĿȴʮ
лһЩΪĸ塣
ݴӶԷԺеĽ˵ЩרԵǿߵġɱߡ


667 
Ŷ׷ɱ˲ã治֪㵽ʲôɥ¡ҹ˹ı飬Խɭƺ˳
Ȼʱʱ͵Լţǡ
òá
һߵĽɭȴһ㶼ҹֱӷ
סڣĹУֲ˵ңô֪˭겻ɢģҲܾòá
˿ںҹݣ˵ڳΨҶҹ䡣
ۺҹӵұҪ⣬һҲΨһһûи߸ϿԼĴڡ
ȻӰһֱֵĺƽͣҹһֱԶģ츳Ĺϵɭ˵̬ȸӦ
˵ЩԼ߰ѾĮļһǹӰҲһֹĮӣΨǸԶļһȻõûֿϵ̬
Ȼ̬ȼΪӡ
УΪʲôΪģҿɲ뱳
ǺǣԼ˵겻ɢԼѾԼ
ҲǼòãûеִ
߰죬ҹĻĵȴҲһ˿Ȼ
֪Ϊʲô׷ɱôǲǹľǸƤŮġ
Ӧûʲôֶǲǣˣ־ΣֻѪԵĸӦпܡ
ɱߣҪ֦Ǽ˾¾ߡ
ҹǱɭ˺ӰûôУ̶Ǽλ
˾ȳ˭ֶ࣬˳ҲΪ̽һЩרɱ
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Щɫɱֺ߳Ԥ֪ȴеһ˿Σ

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жͬʱͨɴгɫһһɱȴͻȻˡ
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˸ŹԵĻеۣһһ˺ռɱߣҹҲеЩͷԡ

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Ще룬˺ѿռƬٵԪеġɱߡǣ˲Ϣ㱻֮УͻȻܳɫ͸ϢĴ
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668 
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670 ֮
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λ;غĹ񣬿Ҫӵԣɵk̲ļƻ
ҹеʵ˲Ϣ俪ʼݱ䣬ģһζ̲ͬưܵĻ֮գ˾޴ĸ
üǧҶе˴ӽֺ䵽˷ҡ
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Ƕôֱʣ
һöԷɹǻ޾ȡһôĹ
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ڿĶ̶ȿԷѾ뵽˼ƻĺڡ
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ǿðİ磬Ķڡ
⣬һ˵ĿֲֶΣܾܿͺֹзıйء
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ǷǹӪĴڡ
˵Ļ¾һ·ɳ׷׷ɱŮһ˵ԭ
˵׷ɱĿֻнɭǹ֮һˣΪסĿλãԼŮҲ


672 
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ԷǿпƸУδﵽԼ̶ȵĿȴߣԼвܴ󣬵Լµĵز
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ʱСӵеƤŮȴ¶ӵɫͻȻĮĸףвζ
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ԱҲΨԽã
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һԾĳ֣һӴ󵽳˵ǰ
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ҹŷɴǡ͸ǽ壬Ǻ嫵ľɫǺصƲ㡣
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ҹĻ֮󣬵ҲûнʲôһּӺСһŰ˿ȵĺֱһ֮С
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ȷǶ˽ĺܶ࣬ƼȻҪĳһλûȡ˫ݵҰȻǸ˺š
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ᣬʵҲѾأԼѡ
ǿ󣬳Ҳı䲻Ǳ绹ʵ
˭ǵĴԼǰûµġ
ף
ѵԼû˵Ҳǹء
˵һΣͲǻΣ


685 Ū
ô
а𣿡
Ȼ˲͡
ȥۣ

޲شʮֵλòʲôƫԶ䣬ȺĿͲ٣Ҳǵĳ֡
ͻľ䣬ŵþ󲿷鶼Ǿ
ѰѰ˵аžǽɵĴ
ԭΪȫΪĵоȻܵ˹Ϣֱ
Щ붼ήɢ֮ͲӵĹϢ
ȴȻ߾ӡ
Ĵָÿһζаų˾춯صĴ
ǰȻ֪ʲôаžȻѾ쵽ôӶΪ
λȻ겻ճתǽֵصĳԼ޲شǡ
ʣлӵµĵꡣ
Ϣݳȥ޲شһӿ
ֲ־Ȼ˳ӦתĳЭ
⼸˿ڱ־֮µΰ֮⽵٣ɺޱߵμ档
ףĲϢ
ΪһĴڣֳĴ붼ȫήҲ޷ǵĸ֪
λаŵУ϶ͷϢȻϤ
ѹ֣ѹֻߵľӡ
޲شĶʮȻڴ֮ڣȻֻ˳Ӧ־ֵġԱɷ⴦統е
ǼλҲĽķǡ
ڣΪפǿȻ˲ϢͬʱĨɱǱĨɱ
壬ǼλĴ۶еһء
ӵ˲ɱǵȻûʲôƻ
ʲôͼ𡣡
ʲô֡
ɫ־ཻһʱԱƺе˼άóٻļ޳仯Ī⡣
ô
δܹϢʲôڴ𡣡
һ£Ҫ
Ҫ
λ۲޲ش磬ȻΪµĥϣԼ޲شĸ첢ܵ־ֱų⡣
޲شȻҲ⴩ڶԻҪĸӦһġ
ȵعĿⶼֱҪʱҲı仯еһ졣
ȻڻҪУ
ǧҶΪϡеǵȻҲʶϸ֪ǵ鱨
֪ǧҶƢսʵܲǹӰСࡣ
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ڼҹ۳˶ʮĵȻû֤ݣĵȴҲѾǰĺʾǸס
ƫƫʱԷȫû¶һ˿һĹϢ
αװôô
һʱ䣬ɿµ־˲ĬĽ
ܶԷ˭ۣҲʲô˻ȴƺ򵥣Ҫ
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ѯʣӰҲ¶εĿЦ֮ɫ
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ӰǰʱȻȥܹǿʵı𣬵ȴǱԭĹ֮ϡ
ڹӰʧܱҹĨɱķȴҲıӻҴ֮лȻδüݾϢ
ȫԭ˼·Ȼ֪ǧҶͼܹ֣ȻǱʧˡ
õ鱨˶ʧˣ
ϢǰĪҮ֮ͬھʵĹӰȴ֪϶ǼϢ
صطųҪȡʱô
ԣһ
ֻҪȵ˳ɹһж壬ԼҲܼ֤ͬ࣡
ҪĽʱ䣬Լĵλȫüλ۶ѹ
֮ǰʹǶʮĸ̰ɱ˵ļһһ
治֪ʲôԼȻôңֹ֮ǾŵɲҪժӣ
˭Ҷģ
аڲȻһ飬ڼǶʮڹ֮˹Ӱľ
ֶһһ֣׼вȫĨ
ǧҶͼô
ӰĻһյĿֲ־ʵֳһλüԺĴֿף֮һۣ
ŹӰߵĲ֤ܹȷ϶ֵľǴʱҪĵļˡ
֮ǰΪǧҶͼػҽҵ֪һ¼λػߣƺȥ¡
ӰΪǰⳡ˰ѻĵһƬ䡣
ߣұ֮𣬽վͻǡ
ǲȡֶεֿǻЩǣĽʱȥǱߵܵʲôȻǾȻʹ˹֮
һеĵƾվһߣͶѰ·


686 ۵
йܵĹַҲһһɢֱָƽҹü̧ͷϿһۡ
ոգһɼ־Ŀע޲شڣǶʮλ֮󣬻ѹ־谭ģҲֻ޲شͬĴˡ
ôҲʱҪˡ
ջĿ⣬ҹԱһֱڵ״̬ǧҶͼҲǻһ
ѵǴǻˣ
ߣãҲݺݵȺһҺôҲ֮һ
ûȺһͲ˳ˣξȻ޷£Ȼܹǵʸ񣡡
һһƺһоա
Ƴ˷ܵɫһۺҹǸո׼˵ЩһѾƨ˵ĻҲû˵ڡ
ɡ
̧ĻһĽǰ˺ѿһͨһС
غǧҶҲ³ĸ˽ȥ
ɫתתơ
뿪ͨҹˣֱӴһ޾֮Уûг޲ش磡
øųǧҶͼЩ֣δǷӦҹѾ˸п֮
ĴߣȻܹǿŤ˺ѵͨƫת
һλüԺ죬ƺһźǵΰӰ˼˵ǰҲ˼ֵģӰ
Ϊ˱޲ش⣬Ҳֻѡ޾̸̸֮ˡ
⵫ȴȻ޾ϵĻüغǧҶһͬ
ۣ
ƳһۣҲ̧֣˸к
ӴλþòˣҲҪǺúýһء
ĻǧҶͼѷ߷߲ƽģ̾к˳һһ˵
ۣǶʮλػ߱Ҫúһˣ
ûǾȻûκακֱͣ־ǰҪ˽µʣλ£
ȫΪ
ڼλ۳صؽŲƳ磬϶ڰŪǷ˰ɡ
뽫ǽгţǺܾˡ
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ȭƵġ̡飬õǻУһȻ
סڣ߹Ͷаŵͽ
Ȼ۶δڣһȴѾִǧҶͼصĻ
ֻһɢ͹ԵİɫӰ˫Ŀ˳޵ҹˣ𽥸˴·ҧгݵӡ
Ӱ
㾹ȻеӳǰŪǷǣ
غǧҶ˼Ӱķ˲ҲòرǧҶԼһֱԶԷհɶԷʲô
ȻҪƭԼȥʣ
ֱѣԭ£
ӵĽڣȻͷҡ
ӰķһĮ˿Ϊ˵ƺԼ˵ľʵ
һ·ܹҵԤ֪ͷչ¶ұ嶼ûüѶϢڻһ·һ
һ˵ţһ߻֣޾֮ŵӰһĳһĻǶʮλ񱻴ɵĻ涼˳
ȻֻӰ񣬵Ϣģ˼֡
ֶα죬ΪҲѾŪҲö֪Ķѡ
üغǧҶ±ƣ⡭
Լ˼ƻе㲻һ
ƺѾԲٵˣλСڵֱ
̫嶯ˣʹùߵͷ˰ι
һԴЩʱҹȴǴһɻĿڵ
ޣ˵ΪʲôҪĴ󹦳ԭѾɹˣ϶ֱʰɣӰ
㾹Ȼػ߶䣿º󻹽ڣǹ𣿡
ҹĻһ˵꣬Ӱˣ˵
ǰɣ㻹档
ƫƫģʮĸһ뿪˻Ҫ֮Ŷɹɡ
һҲ֪顱϶ɵġ̬ȣдڵĿܣ
ԭѾܽԷУȴΪ仰Īɶڵ֮ǰ֮ǰҲԼϳӷ
ǰԼĳפ£ǱߣҲλҲͬ£
λǱȲԼȴҲ׸֮
ùӰߵĿڵ
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סڣͽ
ҹʾ˻ȥֱ׳ӣȫˢ˼غǧҶ˵ʶ
ԭУ̼˳Ƥ󣬵Ҳü
ȻϢԼԼһӡǱȽڹӰһߵġ
ΪĴۣǵȻҲһһ֮ʣò˵˫˵ĶдڵĿܡ
еͷ۰
ǰжϵͷۣ֮Ҫаıͷۡ
˭˭ڲֲεĸ߲ѱ䣬ֳԡ
ȻˣȶѺȵʱĵɾˮʯˡ
̼˾ȫûѯ˼Ȼ͸¶İԵ־ΥԸչ¶š
¹Ӱķı࣬ȴҷΥ
ֻȻֳɻһλȫճƵĴڡ
ǸǸҵʱȽϱ󣬶ҹȡѵģĪҹ̫ðɣҲĴ֮ء
ҹһҪӣǧҶͼͬʱٵĳ䣬ҪֹƺǺ塣
öûĵۣһֱԵúͺϣҲһ˿ɫɫü𽥵Ʈƻһ㡣
ԱҲΪλӰ
㰡
Ȥ
ŨŨĵ٩ζƺ˿ǰĳҲûж⣬ļλߣӵʵ
ǰöδ֣Ҳȴ˴۵ء
ƺЩ̾Ϣ
ԱԭңѾĹӰʱȴһ𣬹ԼǷ·ת
ҹֱǰһһǿϢӰҲü
۵ϣǱǸأҿɲˣҲûҪںǵϡ
ڻ˵Ļ
ţǹñġ
ʲôġ
ĪǵСݣҿԵ˽ﲻ¡
Ҳ̬ȡ
ͲǶ²µˣϣҲء
ƴһάȴԪĹһͶӰҹ
һبųʷϢ
ҹļǧҶˣΪ񣬾ȻϢȫӲ˿޷
ʼԼϵ飬Ҹӣ˵ʲôʲôСҲûʲôʾ
ɵһεν顱͸ôһǻ˼ΪڶΣ
Ǳ˸ġ
ҲԼģ
ʱ֮ӣ
ǡ
ôܣ
ΪһĴڣѾŵǿȻԼ۽硣
Ȼ֪ǹ纣ĺͶӰǴʲô壡
ɲԼ統е֧ʱ֮ӵɣ
Ƭġʷ
Է
۸߹ҿɻ֮ϣоʸ̸Ӳ£Ǿȥɣ
ҹ˳ë¿ҲٰԼӣͷ˶һţƨͬģ̬ȸ߸ϣܸӸ߸ϡ
һ޷״ľ޴֣Ѹٵҹָ̧
޷״Ҳ޷øʷֵľ󻯡
ѧϰͭǿʱֶΣ뿪޷ʹˡ
ڣڳɹȡʱĲֻӦ֮ȴҲģʹԿء
ʷֹ޷赲
һǰ谭Ĩƽһ۵
ңǻŵʷ
ȵȣлǺú˵
λѣӦúú̸̸
޷⣡
ݵˣҲҪɱɱ

ڿ˵ϲð־ΥļΡ
ǲ״ܹһеĳ֡
ƺҪɳۿˡ
Բۣ
(á㧥;)
ʹûʲô
޾ҲóˣǾ̯ϴ鷳ˣ


687 Ȩ
Լλ۵ϸҹȻǵƨ
ú˵ǲҪһҪڼǰɡ
Щһ߸Ϲˣչֳʵǿ
ͨһĻ˵
˾ǽ顣
ָ֮ϵĹֻۣ°ֶ
ʷ֣޷赲޷⣡
ǰһжᱻ飬ᱻĨƽ
ǣվʷĶ档
һû̬״޷ݵĹǰȥ
Ͷ˹̶ķ򣬺ֻҪܿ͹ˡ
λȴȫû˿ܵ˼
ʷ֣ʱ޴ڣ
ںηĸ򣬲ǲָָӰܹܵľԼ
ǳԼ
ûννռ
ֻܴҺˡ
Ӧһ˵
Ψʷܿʷ
λ۵ǰֲΣǸԴףڸʱҲﵽһּ¡
ǰ⹥ԭȻҲȻء
ҲˣǲŻȥһжĶܺ͵ֿù
ͬʱͶӰ
޾պͬʱֲͶӰ
ֻѹͶӰҲһһһȺǵĴ硣
һֻĺظС
ƬնΪֺظеĳֶᣬӹһ㡣
ԭͽӲļغǧҶˣѾȫ޷
ֻûз룬ֱ˷ġʷ֡żλȥ
ͬʱͶӰĸλۣȴǲòǿԼ磬ʷȥ
Լյʱ֧γͬԭп⡣
ǽͶӰ⣬û˿Ĳ
ǹ֣ƺͬʱԼͶӰһС
ֻһ֣ȴƫƫͬʱλ۵ͶӰ
ֻһʧ
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ÿϵϢҲܲȶ
Ǵһء
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ȻԼõʱ֮ӵġɵǽֻ֧
վԼʱ֮ӵӰҲ࣬Էġ֧ޱǿ
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ԷϢĿǰԶѷɫԼˣĻҲһֱڳָ߸ϵ̬ˡ
ڣǶԷܹ޾յʱɵ
Ҳӵ˴ﵽˮƽĹѡ
ոһ¾ǶԷȡɵǿǺֲܿĿǰʻ˾
ʵϵһһƴĻɵУȴҲ˵¡
ҪԶԷʱһ裬ȫ򲻹ܵ·
Լȫ޷κε˶Է
ҪҲˣԼ˵ȫߵϡ
ɴӶԷ˲޾ʱ֮ɵȨӲȥȵԷʱ֮ӵƿؼȫƿ֮
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ȷе˵ԱȶԷĿǰʵԷǱǸӿ£ӵ˼ɵ
ڻдð
(TT)
һжеʱԼһռݾƵʱǵȷںԷĸ̬ܺȡ
ڣڶԷչ¶ʵҲ̱á
֮ǰµǸ⣬ЩȾػ߻Уʧ֮𡣡
赭дһ仰ֱӽⶼƵǼλػϡ
ļѾȫȷǶԷֱʣȴҲȻ۾˵ϹػǶˣҲǶˣ
ڶԷݣԵֵλ˵ȴҲ׶ԷӦòаӪˡ
ͲҪô鷳𲽲ʳаſڵʱɵ͹ˣ̩ɽѹ֮ƽ٣޷ֵ
ȻⷽȻˣ¶ԷĹҲҪһֻ۱һֻۣȫ֪
ǺðɣȻҲˣȻҲҪġ
Ϊ˳ë¿ҹڳɹӮԼӦеĻȨҲûеôߣȻĿǰҲͬȫ޷κδζ֣ԼҪáꡱҲйϵ
ҹһ˵ţһͬʱ̧־˼ս档
ֱǹӰյʵʱԼ氲ĪҮֵ֮ʱͷ
֮ǰӰֵĻȫͬǣҹִʱ֮С̳ľͷطţ
Ȼ޷ĸǹʱɵıĽԼĻóǻѾûˡ
һ㣬Ҳոʷֹ֮󣬸Ϥʱ֮ӵĹòġ
Ƽ򵥣еѶ֮ƬҲҹһ˿԰쵽
Ϊһر֮ǰŸոճҹһӡҲ׵жϳеα
ѾԷ˵ʺģҲҪűӵͷϡ
󣬻üλ۵ľһҲ
һ𴴰İĪҮϻƣȻ
¶ԷʼǶ֮һ߷
ǵͼһɹˣǾҲİ֮
˵һȫλͻȻðĹŹǿߣųɹֹ˶֮ͼ
ԷĹ͡
ѹ֣ѹֶԷ˵ǹñġ
ⶼⶼܵõĶԺ˭Ϊ£
Ĵ󹦳˳콱ʱ򣬻ܵ˶εѡ
ҪǻԼϣ̬ȻӶӰɡ
ȻҲĿǰҹʵ㹻õǵϿɣǲŻصվҹ롣
򡭡
ߵ־ҪǶԷĸܣ
ʵԶֱӵĻȨ


688 չ
ʧˡ
ڿֻʱֱ֤ݺüԺĵȶҹǷǷʾǸ⡣
ⲻģⶼαģǼٵģǼٵİ
ȻΪ޷ǰʵĹӰʱȴ״ɫ
ôôܣ
һֱȻ֪ܹɵԼı壬صļһʵԲСӡ
ȴҲ뵽ǵ̶ֳȣ
һֱԼġʶΪΪ߲㣬صطų鱨ʲôġ
¶Էһô۶ɵĹĵػһ˿ϣϣֻǹѺԼȺУȵ˳ɹܹǻɱԼ֮ǰɶѹԼҲһ˿ϣ
ϣãҲץסһŵݡ
Ȼʵȴ˵Ĳпᡣ
ںԼ֮ǰͶӰһ޵ľٶȴȫԼչ֤֡ݡȫȻͬЧⲻģһģ
ۿԱǰŪǷǣԼʧԼεͽֱ̧㳯ŶԷץȥ
Ӱڣ뼸λ۶һأڽֻһոںϵķȴһ˿һĲδ
ֱѹ˵۵֮У󱻽£˷ĩ
ͷǷ
ⲻģαģαģƭӣƭӣƭң˻Ϊұģҽò࣡
һĳ֣ҹҲĵҲЩ̾Ϣ۳ʵԼ˵ԼһĲԶ
һΰ磬ܹӵкǹģȴ̬Ŀ磬׵ȷĪܡ
Ǹ˵͹𣿵ǸõĻҪʲô
ҹбǳֵĵۣĵȴġ
Ըµͣ¶ʱһƿֶΣҪҪģҲΪǸʱ֮Ӱɡ
ڵҹ棬Դͽ֮ƺҲ¶һ˿п˵
Ȼѯʣ⾳ȴһ˿ն
ﵽȲΣһ۾ܿҹ֮ǰıʣȻҲ֪ҹǷȱԼĶʲô
ޣȷˣǲ֪λΡ
Ȼ̸ԼҹҲֱ֣׵ĻӦ
־磬ûҪڡ
Ǽڵʱ֮ӣ̽ϣڳɹְܹ֮֮𡣡
ۣƺȫҹĿ㣬˵ÿһλ۶ҹҰ
ƺֳ˶ҹҰĵķݡ
Էδɳ֮ǰܻһЩ뷨ڳԵԷ֮ǰǿֲһ֮󣬾ûǡһ˵
Ǵﵽŵ۷壬Ϊδĵ·ݹ顣
ҹַȻȻҲǵĿ֮С
ֻǣȱҹݿָԵֶΣݳ˴巽Ͳ裬ȴҲ壡
Ȼ֪ǰҹΰ쵽ģѾɹż󣬺ֻҪղƽԷɹģﵽԼȳ̶ȣȱľʱ䡣
ŵǻһƬûжҹҲǵĹеһ˿⡣
ʣŵƵֻ֮һֱӶԼĿĵӣȻҲǹⷽ档
û뵽Ȼ׵˵
ܹﵽǰĵλλ΢ıЩҵĿ
ҹеЩȻԭ׼һЩҲ
ǣȻԼ첻Ҳֶ֮Σ˳ˮȫֲʲô
ǳ򣬾Ϊ˿аš
ҵȵλҲûжٶˡ
ҹ˵ѾŵļλȻܿÿûʲôǿ˼
ΪҪһֽźͲ۵ҹ׵ĵõ˳ŵλ۵Ĵ綼󣬶֮ĵ·Ҳа˼֡
ֻҵ磬»Щɡ
ģݹֵ·Ĵۣûпеֶ⣬ҹҲ൱˲¶ǵĿġ
ҹҲеһʧЦ
һԸаôģǲ˵Ҳôɵģȵҽⲿֵ֧ƿغ󣬾һȥ鷳ˡ
аյ±ҪһЩ̸вάŵϵе硣
ܹаĸ㶨ʱԼһһȥҪö࣡
ȻĿĶͬҹҲ˿ⱻԷ赶һѡ
Ŀһ¼Ϊѡ
ˣǾ;
λ֮Эôˬ죬ǵһܾԷͶаŻаŵʵ󣬷־ͰѼȫˡ
ȻȻĲκεĵѣҹһУֲ֮ǰ˫֮һСС졣
Ϊһʾõ£Ƿ涼Ϊҹ̵ƣԡ硣
Ȼôҹķ֮ҲǱŵģǰ磬С͵磬ø֮ĹϵԾԼʱƿԽԽƣٶȻԽԽ졣
һ꣬꣬ʮ꣡
һʮٸ
һһʱ֧֮ȼȫʱɵ˳
رֵλ۵Ĵ֮ʱִ׳֧Чǵֵǧ֧֮͡
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ΪһλԼֿҡźҲԵЩϰߣͷͿʼѰ
ȻͿ˱Ŵ͵վڽǰ
̫꣬ʧǲѾ˶Էôֻһе⧲ѡ
ԱߣЦԼֿѵļΪûæ⡣
ֻǻӦģֻľȻı顣
ʵҾãͻȻ뿪Ӧԭ򡣡
һ˵ţһָָǰ
ֻʱԭĳȺ֮Уȴǵ˸Ÿɫ
ɨĹѵĻա
֫Ѫɡ
ǵĸ֪ϸۿȥܿһϤӰ֮ǰ͵Ϯһ޵ǳȺҴš
˺ȭȺսŲȳƻ⣬ħһڳȺƻţߵͽҴ
ǳȥʮˣǲϵǵӰš
ƳЩյճҺԽֶΣԶЧһ㣬ȫκβá
ݷ˭ܱȵù-BYҹ


693 ͬ
ȫݻ磬һֻֻҲַĵļ壬һежһеı仯Уһеת䶼ݿ֮¡
ӦԽ
ֻҪһ͹ˣ
޴Ŀռն˺Ѳƥһն˺һѺۣѺ֮ϵгȺ
ڱճ֮ǰѺ֮лѳ棬ƽնȼĻֱγ˶˺ЩתΪռ俹Եĳһ򾡡
Ƶһ㣬ֱӴ˴Ⱥ
ԭⰲĵһԱȶԾͽΪʧȥһƵҹǰȫǲһ
Ҿܱԡ
ʮҾݰٲ
ӵʮҹֶ֮ҲȫȵĻþʱ
ݿһĳɱķĳ֮ǰʮڲȶԱȣȫǾ޴ķ
˶
ѵԼľô
԰ԷʵʹõֶβʲôǿоѰ
ΪԭСǿһ㲻ĳӣĹ¾ͺĳһ㲻һ
һףһ˵Ӱһš
ҹȻֱ̧֣ӽ仯ڣڻĩɢڿС
һ̣ʮյӰ˸˿κβˣٶȴﵽ˼µİˣȴÿҹһһԱ
ʮӰ֮ȫڽЩ˵ļ϶䣬ҹδͣ¶Ⱥĺը
ƺȫ޷ֺŲ
ĿƺҲ൱ֱӣһֱ߳ųȺеĳλƶȥ

Х˶е˴ڶһ䡣
ԭ뷢еĻɫ䡣
ãǳʣ
ڱӼХĻججȴҲɫ䡣
ĳʣӵźʹͬĴڡ
ֻΪܴһڳȺ֮ϣϸҪȴһѷɫһ
ɼˣҲǴһ
żХԭڷֹҹĳȺҲܵʲôһɢԶγһͨһ
˾ȣǱʵһ
һɳջ겨֣һ欵ӰһһӺڰ֮У˳Ӧͨ˳
޹꣬ˣǱɢǹһĽʽṹȫ۵ˡ
ЩʹҼȴһֿҰаһָ߸ϵĵɢ
Ůʣ
˴˱˴ˡ
һǸŮ˺ҹĵҲٴμӴ˼֣ȻǸѲĽɫ
ϻѷɫһЩҹǾõ׶ԸһЩ
˼ڱǰܱĵʲôˡ
ƺҹЩȤ¿İϹһЩɫҲЩȥ˼䡣
ӰδȵҹӦĹӰѾִǰƺ֮ǰֻǽĶѡ
Щ˶ԣٶȸǴﵽһλõĳ̶ȡ
֮ǰ߳ƺһֹ󵼡
ƺЩ˻ȡĴռٶȣֻ˸棡
ң߱Щ߱ǿһھͻȫۼ
ӵŮʣӵ
ֱۻ̣Ľʹɢпռ䣬Ǽ̵ĹٶȺʱ
֮ʱδ
δ̳ͺѾִѾעҪ͸

ҹЩüǱ˦ֻɵӰҲƺЩ⡣
Ǳһɣ̫ײһռˮƯһʧԽʧԽԶ;ʮʯײ˷ĩǶһС֮ϵӰ
ȴ֮ǰһֱԼԸĻ
ոƺѣҪͻȻ͵Ϯһǰ״
ͬʱ˺յִΧӰͬʱǰŮɱȥ
Ͷ֮䣬źñ֮صĿ¹
λҷ
ǲûõ㿪ĻʲôûʲôͬȺɣ
ֻǱ˺ѵ׺жϡ
ָܹ֧γİŮʣ㷴ӦٶȣҲǰȺġ
ֻҪϸ΢ƽ⣬á
Ÿʲôƿܰ
ǴһĴڣС
Ȼǿһ֮ǰѾӡڹеҲͬʱɢ˳
ֻȻҹ˵Ƕţˡ
ȵѵĴСںǱҹûƶ壬ûסǿѪ
ǰŮʣǿߣǴҲԸǵ
һ֣һȴٴƿճҹߴ
Ҫ֮ǰȺйӲ㡣
ǻҪΪԼȡĻҹЩ±ơ
ԲۣһԸ񣬵ȷЩⰡ
Կתˡ


694 ν
ŮʶԴԼĻҲŭ֮ɫ
ȻǴһĴڣվ۷壬óķ沢ǵսҪǿȴҲǵĹ
һٶɧţҲǸе쳣ķŭ

һ߼ļХ𣬱ĿڶĽʹҹֱӻգԱӿµٶ˺Ѷȥ
֮ǰЩ˵Ŀռͻ빥иԱЩʲҹȴûһ˿һĿɱԡ
һ̳֣֮û˿Ӧʱ䣬ֻǿüܹͷ㱻һ
ֱӽ֮ϣȫ׸
ᴩǺɫļ̺ܹڵһԱᴩ֮Ϊģ˴ƬʧԵ
ͻı仯ûĵ״󾪣ԭΪŮʲóսԼлᡣ
û뵽ʼ͵Ϯ澹ȻûһУ
ԷĹƻޣɹٶȴ̫ˣ
ܹԼһж켣ֱԤԼĶ
ǲǿȴӵǿķӡ
Ȼ³
ҲǻҷҲܵȫͬĴ
ŮжˣԼóսҲȻŵڡ
ȳٶġӡ̡֮
һ̣ƺ˾Ҫġ˺̡֮Ƭ
ڰŮǰȫǷܹӵĻᶼ˵Ѿеġӡ̡ܹ֮ǵһܵĻᶼûУ
ǻգ޾͸Ҳһġ˺̡֮
ĵҲ˿ɬ
Լδ֮·Ϊֹô
ԼôŬԼĿֻһԼлΪµĴۡ
ȴλóսİŮС
ѾԼļˡ
ǸҲʵҵĳŵˡ
Ȼܽ㸴ҲܹȥǱأôʱĹ¶ԼҲѾ̫ˡ
֮ǰвȥĻ棬뵽Լһͬû䣬Ҳı۾ȴĵ
ֻǻĻһһ飬õĻһһΣǲϵظš
˵֮ǰ˼άٶȻ٣еļ䶼طһ飬ԼطŵҲ̫˰ɡ
ιι۾¶һıܶĺòá
һú֣ǸеǶԼͷġӡֱ̡֮Ӵڳ
۾Щ±ƵĿǰϤһһۡ
ֻһֻ֣еġ˺̡֮һֻǳԼڵġӡ̡֮
ûɸеЩ±ơ
ǡ
Լˣ
ⲻܣ
Լܹʱ򣬶ԷǰŮʵķ֮ڣ
ԼԭҪȥһΪѻġ
ô£
˵ƶٶȣܹȰŮʵĹٶȻҪ죿
ǲѾǰĻˣ
ȻҹͶϿȰƣ޴ʹ˹
ۡ
ġ
㣡㻹ʱңȥǰ
㷴Ӧ˹֮󣬱ǼеĶҹ˵
Ȼ󣬾ͿһߣѾൽԼߵҷһʱҲһĴȡ
ոշʲô˭
һƬž
Ůʣ޵ҲѹƲס֮ɫ
Լսƫͣóս
ʣԼĹٶӡֶΣȴԼΪõóֵƣ
ǶȻ岻ǿȴ֮Ҳǡ
ô£ȻܹԼĹٶǰͬʱĹȫ£ܽൽһ
ƿģ
ÿһʹרŸﳬȺԳƵٶȣֶֹα·
ȻѷɫڴһɰȴǶ˶һֳȻԽ
Խǰʵ㲻Ͼǿ֮ʱȴˡ
ƻԼƻԼ·

ҹͷϵڽ֮һۣҲ¶ЦЦı顣
ȷܹԽƣΪԿƵһԸˣĹȷ
һ˵꣬ҹЦҲһȻ
ϲûһ˵κκֶζȱݡ
İȱݡ
ҵĴڡ
һ̣ҹ˫ĿѪɫٴμƬռ䶼ƺ˵ߵҡ
Ȼ֮ǰûԼĹֶΣԼ̫Сˡ
Ǿ㳢һκˡ
ʱա
ֹ

һˮ֣Ƭ綼˻Ұ֮ɫ
Լֻʱ֮ӵĺ
Ȼֹֹͣǿиƽ
һ̤һȭ
һжָ֮
λ޵İŮʣǱѪ
Ѫҹ۽ǻӡ֤ǹĻۣ˵Ĺ
νٶȣҵǰû˿-BYҹ


695 ʶʱ
̻һյıѣûȫӲ
˵ŮʵĹмѭλѵĹȴȫ׽һ˿һͷ
ʼŸոհԼ˵¹һλһİŮʱֱӱһö̻
֮ǰ԰ŮʹУȫҲȻû˿ıзӡĸоڶǼ¡
ʱλŮʱѾΪ˹ȥʽ
赭дû˿ΣȥֻǷӵһȭ
ֲɿܵЧ˶ԺһƬհףֻ֪ɴ۾
ף
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͡
絰һѣĻƺɫҺӿһһŵˮƯ̫֮С
ǿһǱӰ˳
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ʣ֮ǰҹʱն֮£ȫһб˷ĩ겨ѾȫĨȥˣճò
бֶҲһҹԷʹõ֮ûв׽ԷĲ
û뵽¶ԷȻܹĸ
ѪɫɻתҹҲѸٵĽԭ
ǰλŮ֮ǰλϵѾȫͬһˡ
ȴ̳ȫļ˸
ӲҪ˵ʲôĻе֮ǰİŮһеظһĲ˱ݣ֮ǰλȫ֮Զ˺֡
еݻۼᣬʱһֻƿǶ
Ȳˣȴܿˣȫôֶ
˵һһģһĴԣֺ·û˿Ĳ
ûû壬˸еġ
ҹĿλŮϸһ񣬵ȴûȥˡ
ⲹû˿壬½ǰİȺȫɱֻҪƬл壬ǲġ
ȱ꣬Ȼеӻееݶһ㶼Ϊ
û뵽ϻȴڡ
ǣ˿һ˿ң޳Բг޷ѹƵľ֮ɫ
ԷһνԼʱûв⹥֮󣬲Ϳ£
ʱ֮ӣ
ոպʶԷǶʱ֮ӵԼû˿ķͱ顣
޾գǶԷ磡
ŵʱ֮Ӷܱƿأ
⡭
Ƭаš
Ѿûδԣ
ȴһأȻһ˿ȻЦݡ
ǡȴǵڲչ¶Ҫһһ򾡽ʡʱô
ͻ̬ת䣬Լȫɢս־ҲеЩ׽͸
˼ҿɲȥǣһ㻹ģҪʲôͼɣֻǡ
˼Ҿаûʲôǰ;ˣ֪Ҫǣղء
Ůʰڳһ˵̬ܵίСϱһ
Ȼı仯ûһȫĿɿڴ
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Ȼȡ
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λŮܹӹһǲûж֣ﵽһΣֶ̫ˡ
֮ǰ˺һҲһ
˵ͳϿĻλŮʻǡ
ǰѾˣֱ˵ҪԼߡ
⡫
϶ı
ƺǱҹ֢״Ⱦһ㣬ˣܾöԷҪԼ
һû취͡
Īģ񡢿־ħͰ壬а֮һѱ䣿
ҪƭǣѾһС
С϶ı
ɣҲôġ
ҹҲһ϶Ҫƭҡı飬ŮҪɶ
ǳ岻ֻͬῼǶȺķܣֻῼʧֻŶԺʹжϣмѡȻʵ֤֮ǰѡǴģҾͱȻѡ෴ѡ
Ȼı飬һı֮ɫ˿˿飬ȻеҪеѪѪ
ƺаû˿յĶһĻ̾ͿԾ
ȻڴʱԶͻȻűѳľ޴޾߷籩Զϯǰ⴦ս
־ɢ֮£Ҳսֱӷƫƣı״ɡ״ϱɢƮ˺γһƮݵĲʴ
֮ǰڶ״̬ļλ۳ˣ
Ȼ֮ʵ֮¡
Ϊ˱⣬Ҳȸһ£ҪܹϢж֮ǰǾѾ֪ͨ߱ûĻһαȻаŴȫʤ
ֵ˵ӷ籩ķңŮɺҲһɫ


696 ӡ
аܹԾΪս֮ḻԲǽΪɢԱġ
֮ǰʮֻŪļɹܹˡ
һλߴۣаŶ֮ķ߲лδֵļҲȻ
ǰõ˶򣬱ǰ֪˴㣬ԵĶлԵĴʵⷶΧڡ
ȻаҲôɵġ
ֻƺǵҲӵź֣һʼðԽ̽
ڷǿиɵӺҲֱӽ˷ѡ
ͼλȫƴոӷ籩ıҲǴһսನ
ջ£־£޷˺ӣ
ͷƺսȫİŮһۣҹĻƺǲûж⡣
ôֻʲôˣ
ո£һƽƬҪָĿֲѺۣһƬѣϷһѶ
޾ĻϢѷӿþ޷£
Ǹոտʼˣ
ǹϢҹҲϤԼӴĵۣҲмλеǿһˡ
ߵѺۻδϣԶһǷͶµһźһ㣬͵ıѶֲ߷籩ӵ
־£ƬķɴƱ΢¯еһѸٵڻ
ǿʼλɢػһನ㹻⽢ȫû
Ƽȷǹȫɱ
⣡ʲôĵˣۿʼˣ
ôܻôǿ
п۵ĵ˭𣿡
ûУȫûС

Ǽˣֵ̧סǹɴԼನ֮ǰ۱ҹٵĲˣʱҲȻѹƲס𾪡
аŵȻкʹͬĴڣ־ͽԼǿĵ۱Ƶ˵زȴҲ̫ˡ
Ĵڣֵܹڡ
ҹƳһۺҲٴתͷ˰Ůʡ
㲻˵Ҫչֳôȥһ֮ɡ
ҹ⻰ͻתðҲ΢΢һĵЦ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣȻҲҪʾһ£ҵĻҺ͵ҲԸǶġ
Ǽ۵Ľʹ˳̬һ̾ƿ޾յִǰս
ֱӳǱĵȥ
һУʵҲᲽ֮ǰǱӡĺ󳾣ΪһӼֵĶھţһͿķա
ܹǿ˽սĻǼˣһĿѡ
˵˲
һ˵ţƺҲһ׼ǰսҹֱһźֹ

սսתԭƺаشڷİŮʣһ֮ȴڵǰ֮Уʲô֮塣
ûûûɫ޷һֱ뵤ڽ棬ƵõֶξĿ¹
һʱ챻к󣬱㱻Ǽ̵ķӡ֮ס˲ҲǰǱĵ۽⿪ǰ֮Χ
ѽ˼֮Ҳû취׽أⰡ
һкҲ̰ͣɷӡ󳷣ͬʱ
ֻǿϧǱеĶƺ˿ûһ˵ܵ˹ȻȻĽԼİҲ˵жб
ͬʱѹţԵЩǱĵҲԭĵˣǹԼġ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵һͬϡ
˺ӵŵͶӰѹӵŰȺļӳ֣޷޷޷֪ġ֮ȻҲͬʱѹ·硣
ǵǸʲô
ȻͬʱѹλһĴڡ
Ǻѹƣ
ǼĺȻһֱƬǿĴڣ¸ǿ֣֮ȴҲͬ
ǰͬʱѰ͵ѹ޷̧ͷĶȻѾ롣
˵аⲿĴͷĿнƬѵλҲĴڣ
ɫҲԵúѿһֱΪԼһҲܹһˣڲŷ֣ԼʵҲǿӵпսʸѣ
ֵʸûУ
ģⶫŵƻҪ䶯ˡ
ҹ˹°ͣƺ˳
һֱûȫʱ֮ӵ֮ǰҪĿľΪսʱ䣬ȵаȫͶκݵġ
ڷ֣ı仯ƺԼļƻЩ룬ƺ͵Ȳаŵĳִߵ۾Ϳ쿸סˡ
ƻϲϱ仯鷳


697 ʱͳ
ѹƵͰ֮⡣
λ۵Ķֵˮƽ־ħʲôģǰ˭κβ˭ǶʱԷֳʤġ
Ǳ֮ļһЩ鷳ˣû뵽ƬȻᵮĶ
ƺⶫƬĸۼ壬絮֮׳ֹһܾ֮ܿŵлδƵ
һһ磬֮ɳﵽֲεĹͬƺǿ
ܵƺǿ
ڣҹ֮⣬˶ֻܿ͵ڲϵܺҹţ໥սû⡣
ҹȴһɴɫݹɵļ壬ڲѹǵĿռ䣬ʱȥ˱ֻͬǳ⡣
ԭˣⶫ֮ʱܵ˾޴شӦթһεĴҪһķĨ˵־һпܣֻյ䱾ս
еݽϼ֮ҹҲǽⶫŪ
ȴ΢˿
ⶫ֮Ĩȥ־Լͬڶˡ
һдƷȴҲûôˡ
˵ȵаŵĳҲִģڿǵȲǸʱˡ
ˣ°ŮͰɣʱ·Χ˺ˡ
һ뵽ҹһ߿粽˵ǵķ
˶ЩӦ
⡭ȥʲô
۶ֲ֧סˣҪȥӰ
Ҳһɣ֮ǰס˰ŮʵĹ˹ŮһΡ
ǲǰŮʵļıǸŮʵǵѶֲ塣
ûʼ۵ġ
ʲôǶȫڡ
˻⣬һЩֻӣЩನԱʱҹĶҲоЩҡ
۶˵⣬ȥҸʲô𣿾ǶҲû塣

Ǵȥû塭
һλ۽ļλаŴɲ
ǧǧĻҹ־Ķħ׵ˣߵı仯ĵҲ¶ɫ
棡
ڡ֮ǰû˿壬ͬʱϼˣҪš֮ǿ
ǹһĺڰˣҲ޷ѣᱻ׽
ǴƬĹ۷壬ͬҪһʱ䣬սͿԽˡ
ԼҲȫϣҲᱻȫɣ

֪ʲôȻ֮֡
Ǻǣ֮ûʶֻ᱾ܵķ
ҲѾˣǱҪѡһγˡ

ɻδȵ콻ͷóʲô֣һսϿʱգȴǱ˭һãͻȻȥһ޴ĿӶ
һʱϿյ
侪֣־Ԩݣܹѹܵһһ㡣
ʯǿв
̮ȥ򲻶ϵڣȫȥ
ҹֻŰ͵
ƺֻҹֵǶƬʱ֮⣬һУ̮֮л۶ȥ
Լ䣬ֻǺʵ֮

ļû̬ġ֮һ
ȻƤһԽԽӽкҲԽԽ
һƣơ
Ƥһε壬һ˺С
岻ϵı룬˽ȥ
ⱻаŵǿƣԽһ򾡵նȴڸոշʱ㱻ѹȥ
ѹΰʱ֮ӵĵײˢʱ֮ӵľͷԶӡδ֮ء
δȵаλڷӦһһƵȱڣͬʱǵͷϷ
ֱʱΪǣͲҪӾѵõġ
ѣŲƣٶٿ죬ᷢǰľԼôҲˡ
ʱƿߣ
ŵôĴڣ
Ƿ棡

һĿֲϵţŨʱܶ£ȴһ˿һƵĿռѺ۶δ
ǧǧĻҹͼôչ̶
ȴְָһ㣬Ĵײ϶ѱѳɫ
ĻСеСһ㡣
ͬȫǷӡ֮أʱˢδͷ
ʱδȫԴһһĨɱǾͻȷӡɡ


698 
λЩϵѲ
۵˲ûΪҹǿƳеж⣬Щпаŵʵ
ڻδͬȫ磬ҹѾܹʷĺǿѹˣֱܹӷӡѹӦô
ʼļƻгʲôģڼλ۶ԣ͸һһʳҹҪԼʱ׼һ˵ġ
˵ȻаŵĳʲôĻдɶʵȴʣ޼
رǡ֮ѹüλ˿
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ڻ㼸˶ԣҹⰲŮʵĹһشһΣĵѾԼһλһеʵ
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Ӳսܶ˶ԸΪ븶ȣսء
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֮еƽҹתͷ˰ŮʣҲԵЩ졣
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Ȼˣɨаų񣬾ͽλˣѾʲô˲ǡ
õԼҪ𸴺ҹתͷ˵ˡ
ȻԤĲһͽ˵ͬʱ˫
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ͬʱԼҲõ˿ٴаŸķ
ⶼ޷ĻҾͱԵͷʣˣĵȥɣԺܲ뿪磬Ҳÿġ
ҹҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ҹλű¶İŮʣһʧԭء
аſƵȫ簡ˮˡ

˻Ϊ֣ҹȡʱ֧֮ٶȲҪ̫졣
׽ס޵ĳŮʣһ·߸ͽ;һһ硣
ЩаſƵ磬ҹҲеĲͬ
綼һƬǱȫǱū۳ūǽһ統УһЩаװ
аܻ׺аܻʲôġ
һЩаųдװĶͺǽӳһ
̶ֳֻȵս棬ҹȴǿˣֻǺ΢оһ㣬ӦҲļ
ȫаƼĽ塣
һһ粶ҹŵʱ֮ɵ֮ĹҲԽԽ
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һ֧ͬʱҲһԼ׼ʱ֮ɵΪ壬ŵ򣬻˵ŵƺڶԼڡ
ҹԭʮ磬ǹڸŶӦΪ̶Ĵڣ⼴ĵʮ磬ȫԸγȵʽͨ
ͬʱҲԼʮγɽϣ̶סһž޴壬ʮ˿۹̶һ
ҹ׼ǰľͷǴԵͬʱĵİ׶жƬں֮ʱ
ҹķȴǷϢƺʹ
Ȼò¶棿ո𡣡
ҹŶͷһεӡ
Լ綼һ飬ʱ䡣
ʱû˴һսаţȻ̡
Ȼɢ˸Ϊսλãı˾սһȺ㡣
ȻˣԼҲܲæء
Ӧһºˣָ̧ҹҲ̾˿
аţؽ𡣡
֮޾İԵƬҹԱߵİŮʶֵĿԼ֮£𽥱䵭塣
û˿û˿ƺԼͼȫ
岻ڴС
һ󣬰Ůʵĵȫָֹֻͣ˳̬
赭дĨУλŮҲеһУͬʱ־ԵҲһϵ˫سݡ


699 
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ΧǳһΧĴɢɫаԵĹâͷҲǳء
ΪаսһˣʣµֻҪӵдһǿ򣬼˵ƽƹȥǡ
һֻСһӢ۴Сô䣿
԰ĴĿԶҲֳ˺üֿ֧ƽ
ԤеһĶɢŴԶڣѹаŵĲ治Ҫ̫򵥡
һ˾εĴڣֿȥ۸񼶡
ȻŶķɢƽܿǾܵ˴δĴۡ
аװ
ǵ۹ĿƼазĿֲװԶͷȡ
λҮ۴ʱ͸״ԣ٣ʱʽڣ
ðɣӢ۴СȥͶСAǴһӻǹֺ˼һӱAôA
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ңңĿһɫġ򡱡
νӽƶƺԶ޷Ȼܹ۲񵽣䱾ȴһάȡ
ֽϵ̧ͷϷĵһĸλöһӡ
ܴĸǰͷǰ¾ܿģֱⲿڶŸʵĺġ
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ǰǲַɿġŮҹҲ𲽵Ӱǡɫ塱
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ʱ֮ӹԴͷ׶ġ
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ԭ̺ܹĿºģҹĿ䱾ĹģȴƺС
ƺ䱾ûдСĸ
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700 ·
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аǼͷĿŵƵķ
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졣
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ϵ˶һֻеʮ֮һҲñɳš
һǿǲӦĶĸУҹǽ׼ԼרŸṩĸֲһֱֻʮ׵Բ˳
ⲿռҪµĴԪѣԼóȴҲ򵥡
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ŵƺڶ۲̫ճǡ
ڶ֮ǰγе֣٤߷籩ֵ˸ʵҵС
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702 νӴ
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һ˲䣬ҹ͸еһ΢ҪԼܷҹҲûнֹСһ⽫ⶫըˣڵ
һԡ򡯵ǼߣΪǰĿռ䱬ʧ˷򡣡
򡯣ǵѵǸող̤Ǽ𣬲԰ʷмˣﵽļż˲ǡ
žװõӰɨСռи֡ʽƺɻһЩֵĵط
ܹ߱ƶһ΢ͻǰֵزԷĿƼˮƽӦʵ͵ģΪλáֳƺǼʶԼ֡
ţķֱ˼ǺԵġ򡱶־ܿǡĸǡ
ȫȱǼʽҹɸеһ˿ΣЩϧǣⲿĹڲȫͬƺͶԸӵгߵıԣԼҲû취ǿнԷ˼ά
ȣǵȷǱȽϷգˣǿռ䲨ô£Ǳ𣿡
ҹת˻⣬׼ֵӣӦòֻԼһƾͺԼŵڲನйء
ȻԷҲòĸ˴𸴡
һźڶˣΪʱղӰвԺй򵥵ǼǸʱݺͿǰǰĺǽмˣȫϲʮ߿ʱݿš
ҹҲŶԷ͸¶Ϣûжϱֵ֮ģԷϲӦǹҵġᡱµķ
ҴӶԷΪò̬ӦûȽǫѷĲǣӦǸƽĹȡ
ȻҲп½ֵġˡ̫࣬Ҳ֪ЩǵЩǲ
νĵǼǣʵǼ¼һ겨ȻЯǵġʱ֤֤ܹʱЯ߽жλͬʱܼǷ򣬶ʱ֤ҲܹǶ⿪ŵЩף
ԼʺС
ǻðͼ͵˷ĸϡ
Ķλ˵ȫ滹ͨԵġ
ҹ֤ǰǵʱѲͧϵѲǣҲ³ֵ˸еһЩ档
ôСķƼܲǶٰɡ
ҲпյģȻҲû취֧Զ뺽аɡ
ȷпܣӪҺҲҪġ
ʩϾŶеԲٿصġ
Ϊȶ԰ɡ
ˣּ⵽ˣ鷳


ǣȥеڻһ򣬲̬򣬲ҹгԶԶȥʱ򣬻ܹ˹̬Ȧ
ƺûƵֺܱ˾סһ㣬һܿϵϡԴ
Χ֮ͬϴԶ뿴ȥһһĴӡ
ſܿɫӣһ̫ոۿڣ̫յֱۿڣɴڽ
ͬʱҲвپ߱ڷеķɴĦĻֱӵ½򣬿ȥǷæ١
ţַٵľ棬ҲͻȻ˿ԭɡ
ҹ÷ΪСҲӵֱӽѰһºѡ˶̫ո۷
ŵľˣԼûҪ룬Ҫռ鱨ʲô͵̫ոӦҲˡ
ԼԣҲһѡ


703 ֪
ҹķͣɴСˣˣҲƥġͷͣ
ţרŸվյǯֱӼʩѹͲҪרڳͷ
ŵʷչѾ䷢Ǵڹʣ׶Σӵ˵ԮʲôȻΪ
Ҳûȡҹġܷѡͣ͡ѡʲôģ򿪷뿪˴պԶɨ֤ûܵʲôΪѡ
ۿڲȥ˿û̫յĺڰˣԶֻһӡĺϽذĿռȴ㹻żʮˣ߶Ҳ㹻װƯ
ۿڱҲԴϵͳ
װ˻ĻˣԶߵ䳵̫ո۽ԶԢⷢӵ˼¡
ЩԶװ⣬ۿڲҲΪͣŸָˡ
ҹΪΧ˫˫˫۵Ĵռһ룬һġΡǣʲôƶ㣬һ䶯֧ĶʲôҲӦоС
ʾϣʾȫ֣׵ķװãʶݺȴԶתס
ǷĶ
ҹƺ˵ĻѾ˴ŵԺûҪ·Ҳܹʡ鷳Լȥôر
ΪǴʱշ籩˦ʷУԺĹĿҲвٵĹϵʾϢкܶ඼Ϊصʾġ
ƾʱ֤ܹ̫ոȡѵʳס޵ص㣬ѯȵλõȵȡ
ҹҲ˳Ӧָһ̨նǰʼݵѯʡ
նֶܹӷһЩʶݡ
˳һͷİռҹҲǽ滷˸ĵ׵Ĵ
֮У֮ΪеģʵǿʳŵһȰƽҲڻչҷ
ϵ֮ȻŸָˣΪֹûһڡϹ󲿷ڲ֯ʽ϶ûС
Ǹٲú͵ͣв٣ЩҲӰٲãǻȡõ֣ķΧҲޡ
Ȼ֮䱧ȡůγɵҲв١
ŵʵںɵһۺ
һ븽ĲģγһɢˣǸ֯
ӲҪ˵ЩƵĻǰ滷žͺ͵һս֮ǰĴ󻷾Щơ
⽻òʲôģ¶ǷԵȵ£ٲҲñףԵԼʧҪڵõ档
ŵֱȽϽҲڲ漰º㽲ôȵʱȣĳʲô𺦵ʱҲĺһ档
ǡ˸õطǱߺôɢĴ֯أƺǲ̫Ӧˡ
ѰҵټʲôģԷȥеǼԳҲǡࡱֻڷụųƺԵĶ壬XX֮ġ
ֶַܶԣ˼ͬĶתοܾͱζˡ
ϧֻһЩƼļأҹĳƺʲô
ԵĽ֡ӢĵȵϵּȥҲûеõҪĽ
Ǿ̫Զˣǵǰ̫˼Ҷü¼ȥ
ŵ弶۷壬弶ı־ܹȶʹ÷ʼΪԴģȻܹ־룬ҲҪǴﵽļʷеĲΰɡҲпΪ涴еԾ
ҹѸתͷ
Ǽķּ˵һԱȽͳһĻ֣ڲֿʼؾܳΪһı־վ۱似ʼ̫̽գҪǼֳܹļʷУѾܹ뿪ĸĺϵȶ˷ʼ弶
ӵܹϵĿսάߣ߼ܹתγߣ̽ڶڲ硣
Ҳ˵ϴﵽ֮󣬾ͼ̫ൣıȫˣǸǿҲһǷ㡣
ǿֲֵķԼضĵôôǺС֡
֮УռԾҲǴڵģǱҪּ֮˺ѵĿռƽ㣬ƽԽӲС
ֻȻĳ涴
ǿɽŻȻ涴Ŀ൱޺ϡ٣඼Զ뺽ãҲ඼ѿļϵĹС
Ƿ˵׼;Ȼ涴Ȼֱڶ˵ģ˭֪ء
Ͼصģ˶Ȼ
ŵһΪ򣬵Ҳ˵Լûһ
Ŀǰ˽˵ԼѡиһѰҸͼʼ˽⣬һѰҼרṩ鱨Ļ
Щкܶ࣬ǻһϢĲǡ
ҹЩʧǣȥô꣬Ҳ˷ˡ
Ҫصġ硱²ǵҵ˾ô򵥰
ʱ⺣Լ˵Ҳôעء
ҹո뿪ն˵ʱһɧȴҲǽ˻


704 Ǯ
ΪʱձĹϵ߶ĳܹλĻÿֱ뿪ʧ˷ûͼλĴڣֻ߷ɴ𻵵ͱҪŵռ鱨벹ˡ
ʵҹĳʼĿҲȽơ
Ҳ˿ռվеĴ˿ڣҹɧңǼԷ븽ļһ
֪֪ʲôˣ弶Ȼҿǣ
ͬһϸݣŴֲƤһɫƤͷϻɫɫļߴӰʱһһλСŵ˸ۿڹԱ˫صľ
ŭš
Ȼǿʳ滷УʲôڣҲԺûصҲĬз
Ǹ˵Ĳ֪뽫ҷ¡
ܵŵӣΪѱ˵ò˵ԶȶԷЩҰļһϡ֡
㾹Ȼ֪ϯ۹ǿǿΪ弶ǾȻ֪
Ǳĺӿ·ĭĽԱߵͬȰ˵ƺûã۾ƺͷ˵ӡ
ιصܣ˼Ҷ֪ǵ۹ˣ˵ǹҶӰţڼʮҲΪǳͷġ
ҹն˻߳ƺЩֻ˵ȻֻĶ󲢲ǱĽССܡ
ҹĻ£ŭľҲǲ΢һʱŸܵԼͬԼ⡣
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뵽ҲǽСӰǵ䵽˵ϣԼĲӸɿţƺܡ
лллλѡ
˿ָͷԱҹ΢΢ǷǷʾ˸лתͷºܵ˵
λҲõģλҪؼҵĿԣĵĵȴ̫ոв鱨ңԶĹֶܲ鵽ġ
㶯ˣ˷ǻȰǱľӣɫƺЩ죬ɫƤԵúǷ
ǵͷ뿪ˡ
ҹҲ
ʵӦðǹһʱģһͲʲôˡ
ǼϣЩѪ֮е궼ǳ˵ġ
ǻָĽСŵˣº͵ЦŶҹ˰֡
֪ǵĴ֪̫պֻҪﷸ£Ҳǲ׷ġ
֡ҹеЩ⣬ķе㿴ѽ
ɵ𡢺ܽòҲᡣ
ٴθл֮ǰĿڰˣʲôϰߺҪæĵط𡣡
Ȼֲҹ˵š
ҪһһЩңҷɴֻʣˣһµĲ֪Ҫʲô
ʣҹ϶û˿ǼʼͨĻң˽˵ǰģʽʱȴҲǼ֮ҵͨûʲôͨõġ
һЩްԵУҲӰԵķΧѣŵԼеı־ֻǼ弶˵з͵ıЧˣһĻҲֻ֧⸽ġ
ԶľͲˣỻ
Զҹ˵һԺǼ߲޶
ֱǸŵжһֶ֧һıޣ󶼻Ϊͼϵʧı޷һġ
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ҹѯʵҲ¶˿ЦɫֻʣˣܶһҲֻһЩƷ˰ɣСҪһɴĶ൱ϡ١
գǽҹҵҵһĽֻϣλϻЩصزɣĿǰԡǽ˰ߣȻȡܹԴһһǻؼҲǡ
˽ǽһϤĴִֿ˶С
ûи֪֪ϯ۹Ǵ˵ĻʱֵֻôǮ
ðɣϤļƤӰҹее鴤溣ܴٵ˵
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ǣɣT-1040VIͷʸڣԴУ״ԶʶλƵʹ죬󣬲ʯص˵ĹųɫЧ
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ΣҲԸԼԷļһɴϵͳ⣬һҪؼҵ·鱨òʹۡ
չʾ˺󣬻Ŀڵ
ۣҲڵꡣ
رǼ˵Զҵ֮һ
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رȻֵǮԷܹͼֽǼ۸񲻿ϧֻʵ壬ҪⳬԽƼˮƽĶǲܵġ
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֧άԼ鱨ǮҲˡ
ߣǱˣϿɣǼǮãᱻǼ©
ƢǸˣһںǴߴͿԱʼϵõȨ׼жǴϵĸڡ
˺Ҳתͷҹ֮ǰǱԼ۸ļһɵһۡ
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һﻹصعעҹһ£Ҳ֪Ǽǳ׼ɶ
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Ҳô˵˼һ˵һ˵ˡ

ҲΪѻ𣬸һ𳰷˼䡣
弶ĵǵȷҪɵһ±ţһˡֻһöյġˡȫ迼ǶԷĸˡ
ҹҲĥҪҪʱβǳȥǴˡ
ĴһǻгԶʺеԺҲ·˵ģʷеٶٶǧٰɡ
һߴֲõͷҹҲһƵ˹̨ǰڶͣһˮѹϡ
ҿֵǮ
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Ǳʯʯж㲻ʲôϡлٶֱܹ˹ϳɣҪжȻĻҵһźʵʯ˵ʯ϶ء
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ʯŵУڴ̫ˮ
ҹһ±ʯֵǮжȡ˾ȴӶɳˣһ쳣ȵӡ
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Ϲĵϵķⶫˡ
ֵǮ𣿡
ͶҹƺǱǵķӦˣȻԼ˲СľǡաѶˡ
һȴҲ㳣ˡ
ţ۵Խᾧ˳ѵˡ
ֵֵǮǼͨĶҲùۣԵһ£ϰ
ǵԱƺЩŵˣǱǳΪˮֶЩˣæԱһŰť
ˮеزϡԴ¶ֱ߼ɽˣٲŻὫⶫ⡣
ܹԣ٣ͬʱġԸγɲͬãݾˮĳɫĳ̶ֳϴԸ򲿷ִɣҪͷڲγɱķܡ
ͬʱŲƵĿмֵ
˵۵ǲڣΪͨϡ٣ȴмС
Щ͵ļˣҹǿ࣬°ĥţǲҪȥǵķɴˡ


705 β
һŵһ὿СصòŮӣλӴԱ˰ť󲻵ӵʱ˴
ͨԱƷԼƣþݡ

ô˸ŮˣҪ˼ƿƭǮİɣҾԲϵġ
ԭЩɢҹһ¾ͱϬ
ȻǾˮ
ڼҹóԽᾧλþҲɢĹԣƺҪЩʲôסˡ
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СֵܣⶫôõģոյӶ֪ļֵ
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ԱλþҲ˶䣬ԼûûΥ涨ġ
֮ǰ˵Ҽ񵽵ġ
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λþҲæһ˵
ȡλˣȻǽûноˮĽ׼¼ǿԵΪƷٿһᣬֻҪ
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ҹһ۵ı飬赭д˵ֱӷʮĽмۡ
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ȻûУǶƫƧɽﰡ
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ǰǱĻܿԻϢ
ǰٲ˵ͼ·ߣǰһȻ㣬ޱȣٶȿԴﵽ3300ٵո·ɴҲûаһˡ
ǡաҹҲֱӱˣȫʣǮһЩɴǿģ顣
ֱӴͷͨɴ󣬷ɴǼȫԶԸҲܿĲٿŷɴ뿪˸ۿڡ
ֻҹ뿪ۿڵʱһҿȥ˽ʸУһɺϢİɴҲͬ뿪˸ۿڣҳҹ뿪ķ򼲳۶ȥ
ɴڵľƤֹǣʱҲ¶˲пЦݡ
Ϊٶȵ÷ɴȷһ·ͨ𣿡
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Լ֪ˮļֵ϶õġ
ûֻҪõĵص㿽ʳ
ֻҪϻһöǾ׬ˡ
˷ܵ̽ƶԷѾΪ֮һ㡣
ˣҷɴٶȵȷҪˡ
˽⣬ȥ׼ԾǨء
һõķΧ£ҿȥ˺ӽʸе÷ɴβԸװľ޴ƽڣܼ
Լ̵ʱͬŽԾǨ״̬֮Уȫɴֳá
ʷ֮Уûд̫շҲûн߲յҹϻ۾
вģ˵˵ģ϶ֿͯġ
ĵ֮ҹ·ɴһٴʷ״̬һƬ
ģҹԾǨװãȥˡӡۼĽʸзɴ
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ƵУһЦ
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Ǵڲɳ̨װݣԾ߱ǿսľõװס
ȻҲͬ죬ǿ󵽿µĵװףЩ̫պרǽ²õġ
ϾǶԣٷɴò˿ôҪǿ⼸̨װˡ


706 
װͨῼȶԣܹװȥ
溣˵ľܺΪ˲ϧȶԼװװһЩĿƼɴ㱻ʱŤӰʷҲë
װݣȥªûһУȴһ̫װãһһ¾ܶһСͽͧĻˡ
رľеһλ˫һ߾޴ġڹܡȥޱȡ
ȡ
ƵеͨѶ
СӣӦ֪ǵĿģǽĺֻٲƲɴҲҪģֻҪԹԴȥõˮĵطǾͷŹ㡣
лתҹҲЩ㶣ͨƵԴɻ˵
Ҫȥ
ȻȻܣֻҪǴȥǱضسŵŹ㣡
ǻҪлһء
ҹͷƺǵġʴȡǸлһ
Ȼ֪ǻѲŴǽȥѵҪǿ𣿡
ҹİǻػ֮ƺҲԵЩ⡣
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һֲ̮ҹ³֮УǺζŨķɴԼļ̫װף̼ͺƿ統еСһҡڡ
ǱָʾתţɴڲľҲϵ˸
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۵ɴ֮ڣɫľ˸ŷɴľ𶯣ˡ
ڻûӦʲôʱ򣬾ǰһڣеľ涼ȫʧͬʱŵĻǷɴΪֵ
Ļ𽥻ָǰҲֳһƬİȺǼʺǶеЩ±ƣŴƯŵĸӺǻһ㡣
ϣȴɢһɫȵ֮󣬻ɴ֮Ҳͬɫ֡
֮ǰβɴȴûиһ
ҡһЩεԴΪ׳ľƤֹЩɻ˵
ѵȻ涴𣿡
δֵĳ涴ܹüǮ
ֻǸո˵꣬Դϱݺôһ
üǮܵǱҲʲô
ԱһСͷϣ

Щܿ˿ȴǷָԴһְ̱ĿУҲ
ֲԻˣֻǸδʶ𣬸ִܴĳ½
ǱʾͻתȦ
δ֪󡣡
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㣿Ĺǲǣ֪и涴Ҫʲô
涴ҲΪɣȷѾڸոƬˡ
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֮ǰ˵СӣȴѾĲ׽ҹе˼
ڸոյ棿ǲڸոյ

ԣԷֱ֮ݵģܽ˼
ȵȡ
ֱ괫
ֱӳǴڣԷĴû
ǳװŪ
Щ뾪˵󣬷ɴڲ˵ǰǳһʵӰλòʵ塣
װ񣿲
ҹӰƺԵЩ޹¶һ˿Цݡ
ұ񡣡
ӭҵ磬Ŀˡ

Է壡
žһƺܵѹƣܵѹƵ¶ֱӵߣԼķɴ
ֱŲƵط
ѵͨ壡˵еλλ
ǸˮǶԷԼģ
һλ߹壬ȻΪ̫
ӵţ
(bb)
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ҹƺǶԶԷЩ
ǸҲ⡭ȵȣܶȡҵģôܣ
꣬ܵ򱣻ĴڣԴߣԿʣ΢飬ΨֱӶȡ
ɸոգԷȴֱӿԼģ
浱Ȼû취ոҲ˵ôҵĹȣ˲Ϲˡ
ҹֵ׼˵ĵļ˱ȫ͡
Ȼǿʼûɱ⣬ҲȻһһо͹ˡ
СĸӦѾӦֿռܶȺҹͶӰ̧һӣɴǶһ𱻰ǵ۹һʵС
ⲿ׼һЩܹʹƷʵ
лֳɵķɴֲĻãɱԼⶪõЩҪϸöࡣ
ˣúַſڵӰɣôծ
ЦеĻ˻֣ҹͶӰ׼ɢ뿪ʱȴͻȻͣ
ĶλߴľƤֹпʼѪɫġ
ǱŵƤֹһ˲еԼڿ㶼ɾˣǽţƫƫ޷ڣֻܷص
ƺ˵Ҫʲô
ҹֱָֻ̧ӽԷĻȫľ󻯣һĻ󶨸һδٹ̵Ļ֮С
ͬǽٲƵĻ棬ͬǵ½Էɴϵ÷ɴϣȴӵźֵıʶӥšǵͼԱҪķɴԱҲӵ༫Ϊƻ˵ȫһ̬
ֻʶķ˼ѣû뵽Ȼҵصϡ
㼣鲼ϵ̫պһͨͻһô
ţЩǴӱ˶ˣҹȴ׵ĴļȫڳصĻ涼ۼΪ
ǼʰĶӣʰˣ
ֻǴ·һҷɴûеõϢҹҲѾУҵ˶ԶԷۣԼʰķɴʱꡣ
ȻԶʣԼõĵһ
ǵȷû˺ǵķϣξͷһˡ
õԼҪҹҲЩδƷֱͶӰʧ֮Уع˱塣
ȷ̫պĻλ㹻Ĺ㣬ŸԼϢ
У˷λ󣬱ٶѰҺʵĺǸ귽ǰжȥ


707 ڵ
ϵһֱӴϵֻʷУ;;һЩԾǨεص㣬򱶹ٵʷٶҲҪʱܺᴩ
ϵ֮ڣӵ˹Ȼ涴ĴڣֱԾֱ֮ͨԶϵ
ÿһ涴ǼΪҪĽͨŦٶļ֮ϵĹȡ
¿ĺУҹҲѾȫ뿪ŵγɵȦִһһΪĵȦ
ŵڳԱͬȹϵͬǰȦȫ˹ΪĵĴڡ
ʵҪŵ࣬˵ڸǧķ䷶ΧڣǿȦ
˹յļ涴һܹͨҹҪִĿ򸽽

۸˰
ԾǨ״̬һɫɴУҹĻϸոսӵϢƺҲԵЩơ
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Ȼͨ˵ôԶ·ĴڻֻһЩԶ˺ͺʲôнϴ
ҹʹõȺԴĸ߼ͼɼˣڽ뵽˹ҲǱһԾǨ
ϳʷ״̬󣬻ԶյԾǨװԴϢ
һ˹˽ɵģҪôôĲ衣
˵ˣֻ·ķɴֻҪһμ򵥵ǼǾܻʱͨȨޡ
Աŵ˵̬ȺҪǿӲĶࡣ
Ҳ֪ΪĵΪԲͬǱһ̬֡ȳ
ˣҲ˼Ҽ˼ҲԸҲҪǵ˼ˡ
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ʱյһ΢ŤһɫӰҹɴ
ȫûлеԵˮ󣬳һλõĸо
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ԷžͰڳһ߸ϵ䵭̬ȣ˲ҹ֮ǰ뷨צ۹ȥˣȥɣɴƯ˲𰡣ߡ
һĹصƵҹͷԾǨȥ
ҹ𲽣һˮɴһƯɴ˹һ㣬ֱһָȵִԾǨɳֱܺӳĿĵطȥ
ٶһģȴУܵҹݺݵ̤½µذ塣
ôСͷɴһô̾¶û˼ҿ죬ҹȻǱˡ

ԾǨǼǵİ칫Ҳ֮ϣêһƽϣԵ仯
бصķɴҪںشĵطеǼǡ
ռվȥҲǺΰ˶㣬ܹͬʱɰͻ˷ɴڵബֻ
ڵִԱĻԼɴ;Ҫһʱܷɹľ޴֣ҹҲڹһЩɶ
ȵҹռվ׼Ǽǵʱ򣬿˵˵ҪʹǰET003ų涴ԾķɴҪշɴλάѵʱ
ҹףԭʲôֹ˽Ķǽڡ
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ƺֻҪмֵƷգȻⰮ¢ϵλǰѼ۸ѹü͡
һһ࣬㹻׬ˡ
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վ̫ոǹļװϣǰֻҹҲޱȻŵˡ
ȻǸСȰƽлСڻİ
ǰ·ĶҪһƤĳ̬
թǹٷ·
һһչվдŷҹҲĹһ£Ҫߵ̬ȡ
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ѣɲ̰ܶǣǿûбԼŲǮֵ˭㿴Щ˿ɶ׼ҵġ
ĳ̬ȣΪǻڸŻĿӰӣȥ൱ĺͰס


708 
ҹȻҲϲ˹۹ɣûгȥ˼˼ԼĹֶȻݣȴҲǵȨ
⺺֮ǰķŭǵѹեеݡ
㶫԰Ǯǣʲôң˼ǲգҪǮҪԼȥԹԷɻȥ
ѽͨԾǨλãǹٶǷɵˡ
״̬£˶Ҫģݺݵһ١
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һһʧȻѪ޹飬ʧǿ϶ġ
ʱ򣬰šաĽŲһŷ¶ĹӰȴǴԶ
֮϶һͬķţӦͬһҴǲŵ˵ƺǺеͱ
ǴƤչԱҲͶȥ˴񿴣һ˿Ҳһδˡ
һжؼһɨһվ󣬱Ҳֱӳ
һ¾ǴƤչԱ¶ƵЦݣʾ⾯˽֮ǰǱ˵ĺߺ󣬱ǰȥ˵
ӭλѹС꣬곤չֶսͷϵͳԼͨϡͯۡ
ӣȫʼǿ̱
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Ϥһ¾ҹϳˣ֮ǰԼķɴйӴĹƵе
⵹ҹ΢ЩˣֻǷ˵ĳƺνһЩԾһȵĳƺҲͬĲ
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֮ͨǰŵն˺Ⱥ̫պϢ֪Լг滷൱ϡٵġ
ͨ߼ת˺ڶ磬ģһЩֵ嶼ͽǴ߼Ĺϵ
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ʵҲֻѹЩ˶ѡ
ڷ˵ҲȷƵֻ֣һǿû顣
ҹϹʱ򣬿ʼˣֺĴƤչԱɫ̾ͱˣƺڰԼʼ̬Ȳ̾øĵı˵
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壿Ȼ壡
˵е尡ô󶼻û
ٺ٣ҵǼΣһô߰䵭

Ա˵ƺΧ۵ӰĳָеǺ档
Ҳû취ֱڶڲͨҪҲֻһЩ·壬Ѽ
˶ΧƵĸһ˻վ
ҹôãһӵгĴڣȻҲֱӸ˽ȥ
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ǸչԱǱֳһϵӣϸĶ⾫ˮм۲
ҹ֮ǰԼһöˮȻǱˣ
ǸȭͷСҴȺǰдƷҲû˿ɱԺòã
ԸŮ˹Ȼŵҹ֪ǣŵӴľˮ൱޵ģܹʶˮ⣬Ͳʶˮκһ鶼ǰղļ۸񣬵ҲûпĿ
ÿһĲ𣬱Ҫöࡣ
еȾˮ50Cȫ֧εзãͨ涴ʹ÷ã⻹Զһ700򱾹ҡ
չԱֳרҵһ棬ûþ͵ó˽ۡ
ҪǻңͼĶһɵȼԴʯ
Ϊ׵䵭˵
Դʯһеϡпʯϡһӵ಻ԣͨҲǿرǾ˵ϵİ
û⣬ͷţȵλϴʱͻᷢԴʯѾ˵ˡ
չԱˬĴӦ
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ʱҹҲǳû˽ȥƤһչԱ˵
ţҲоˮôҲҪ⻻Դʯ
һ˵ţҹͬͳһСľˮ
ţȭͷСĹƻ̫ˣһƬˡ
㣿
ҹһڣȻҲˡӡ󡱵巴Ӧ˹ǿ֮ϵļɲǺѺá
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ֲֻһ㣬ǱԱһֻȥǿ׳ϸץס˿ǰá
ͷץסԼĿһһۺ󣬲ſ˶ԷǱԼĮӸӵĿ⡣
עԴǡ
ˡ
ʥλѣǰҲͬǷˡ
ʲô̬ȣȻҲʲô̬ȡ


709 ջ
һֻϸСϣһžʯվ˾ʯıԵ·ˣгһԺͳɾ֮С
ͷȥʱһһۿĿֲɽȴС
ʱɽľͷǸ߸ϵ֮ϣһ˫ԼδעҲδĮ˫עԼ
飬ޱߡ
䡫
оԼΪ΢ϣ̧ͷ߼ʵΰӰ
ƺ̧ͷͷҲֻܿԷֺ֮ϵָ׶ѡ
ϵ϶δܹ
ֲ嫣޷ƥУ޷赲
еͷеĻ˲Ƴ亹͸ĲջԼ֡
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һʼһĸ̬߰һֻǱԷһ󣬾̲ݼӡ
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һǸ壡
ô¶ı飬¶̬
꣬ǡ
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Ľ
ѵǿ龫ˮǶԷԼģ
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䵭ʽ˿û֮ǰֺչԱ죬ĵЦݣγ˾ҵķԱȡ

·ԱĳУҹЩµҲˡ
ԼɴĸѡԶ棬Լһһˮɴ
ǳôõһνӴĵĳҹҲԼбҪŹֻеĳ˽⡣
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ȻҹԼųֵţթߵıȴȻû˿İա
ϵƬİƹⷽԲĴڣȴǲթ֮£һ˾ȵϢ
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ںڶڹƣԽεĴڣ඼еĳֻмٲ߹ͬĸ²ռﵽͬĲΡ
ҹĵ״Ҳ˽ˣаŵǳ˵ȴҲһӶš
ܹ֮ŵĴͷĿ
ȻаŵĴͷĿкüϵϵȴҲǸࡣ
ֻǣֵȼĴڣֲռܶµ涼ܹأݻĨȥϵ
ǵĸĿȴվ̫ˣĻԵȻЩγߵĽǡ
ġסԳӵ̫η塣
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Ҫ֪Ѿ֪ˣҪһ£סڳǵηô򵥰ɡ
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һЩ˵ĸ߲Ѿܾջ󡭡
˵Ĳ궼ԵЩŭԽСʱܶܵӰҲԽСЩܹʹÿƼķ˵ȷӵ߱
ɱʱȴҲԵЩ޿κΣɳʹߣЩʥλĴڣϸֻ˵α
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棬ܵԾǨţ뿪״̬
棬ܵԾǨţ뿪״̬
ˡ
һǰһҷɴ뿪ԾǨ״̬


710 
ôƯĴôðһ¾ͱϳˡ
ҹ̯״
һȺ嶷һ΢ҹ󲻶ɫĿһĻԶڴɴˡӹģƿ
Уϴʱ˵ʲôҪԼĴԶ˾ͻᡰáһǵģǸٶȷô
ȻǾԲô˵ģǴү˵ʲôʲôɡ
ҷɴոͣ£ܾͿʼɫĹ
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Ծһ֧Ľá
սĻҲܿǸ˹Ľӡ
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ŸոҹصѯʣԼǼ䵱еһЩȻҲȫǰ֧ӳֵ⡣
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ȫȫλѹѹƣûпɱԣ
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711 ͶƱ
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ռ˽ҹȻصǷɴ֮ڣҲĥ
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һߣҲæʼսս顣
λǰ˹϶ǱƻģȻˣǾ趨Ԥ
ǺǿԼҲܹ֤Եľֲƣ𱨸ϮͿֲĻҲȻŲСĳɹʡ
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ҲʼҰĵڣȨ߶ȼеѰȨ߾ǲԸǵġ


712 ͼƻЩ
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׶ϵĵؼ۶ǴܹĴ塣
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һλɫƤƻ˱ӺݻʵĻӰܻˤŲϵӡ
·˹ļλУǹڵϡ
һλװ˹Ͻεİ׷Ƥֱ꣬ӱˮȫŪĺǱ
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㻹˼Яòſ·һΣ֪Ӧ£
˹Ĺʱı飬߱λ֮ӵſƼҩҲӵŽڲ
Լǿ߱ųɹλȻӾԼҲͬ³еĻ嶼Ʋ˵ԼҲʹ˸ǿҩȡǿ
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ҩȽ޷ȣֻҪԼټȫƼĶ֧֣ȻҲܻøǿ
ʱԼǿľӣҲŲκΰɱʵԼη壡
һһ˵òԴϵöԼǰʧںòµĻᣬҲûܶء
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713 
˹ӵ˹ǿӣʼҽӡ
Ŀ࣬ȴ˹ľҲΪǿ
ڲ쳣źűԾǨͣ̾һ֧24ҸٷɴɵĽǰ鿴رϱر󣬸ֱӱƹܾ߳´˲ϧȫ
ոսӵʼҽӵָӹ׼ҲæͨѶԱ˵
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ӵԾǨҲߣ嶼޴Ը𡣡

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һ£ɵƻǶСԼ𷣡
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һ̣׼ͱȫĿǰĻ棬Զ޷ԺĨĻ档
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ϵʣ߲ҡ
һƽ׼ĵͿĻϵĿӰתصˮɴ֮ڡ


714 ͨ
һƯ̫յĻ֮УʱһȺͷ󺹵˹Ȩ
սս̧ͷ֮ϵӰ
ûһ˵ɶԷ˹̫йϵʸÿ˶ǵͷȺ䡣
һĨȥΪǿ׶ǣǰһ˿һĵֿûС
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ǰҪǴˣֻ¶ԷҲļԵҲû˿󣬸Ҫ׶û·
ԷвһһȷûԴϵֺ֧ͺôҲṩκԮ
ο˫嶼һ
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ǰһξԮѵĻᡭ


715 Ԯ
һصΣҲû취סⲿװϴۼȥǰͬҷɴƴ÷ɴ
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ɴڣ¾ĴҲȻԵЩϾɵĻ£һȺΧһάͶӰǰ˷ܵĿźŵԴͷ
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716 
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ȻһȺӸˣϢȺ߿϶ϲ
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717 
ѩӨŷɴҽڣݲݴ˿ڴϵѩӨҪվ
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718 
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719 
ڶʮߺ񽢶ӡ
Ϊ˶̫վޣԾǨǰƬѾ꣬ȫûһɼֵñƼͲߵĵԾͷ
ӵԾķɴе˽Ψһĳ۱䶯¯ųϵȼԴ
ȻǰѩӨŵʧ񽢶ӵһجģֱڱͼĻѩϼ˪
ӵԾķɴǼıϲкװɣѩӨȴΪҪһҡ
ȻԾǨٶȲ죬Ϊ湦ʵĹϵԾǨһңռȼϵЧҲߡ
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ĳ֣ҲȻеĵ׵һھΣʱصҪѹһδŮ

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޿ܣԼļү٣ǹָԼĴҪԼʾԼҪˡ

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һ˿ͬʱĻһֱ


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721 ǵִ
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ֱѯʡѩӨֵ겨֮󣬲Ǿ֮еЩãȻ
֪ôشˣѾԽ涴ˣɣӦҲҪȶá
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ﹲ͹ƿ˶ʮĹϵȻ̬ʮţռվ̫ճǸǧ֮ࡣ
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죬׶ǵ̫ոۿڣһҿȥõƴշɴͣ˹
ŵĿƺ÷ɴѩӨʱȫ޷ƽԼĵ𶯡
ѩӨŵѾˣλҹĹӰ£Ǹ̫վޱɵĹͷ󺺣ȴֱܵλôá
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һ֡
ȺѪսʿڳһֳߵʽ˽ڵأƺԿ׿˺ǳһ


723 
⡢ⲻģﹲ͹ѾļȨȺƭӣƭӣٵģǼٵģ
үȫ޷ǰʵܵķһС
˵ǵλˣʱҲеãȻȫ֪ʲô
ٵģЩ弶ʹߣȺðģǼٵģ
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Ϥи㳤úļһҲô˵ġ
Ƴһһۣ겨֮ǰλȫȨ⽻ԱҲЩơ
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ĴڶԭһԾΪļ弶
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궾صĿֲٶȣ˸û˿ӳʱ䣬ֱԵȥȫʧȥ֪
ȫ޷ڲȴůĺЩУ˼άûܵӰ죬Ǹһ㡣
һ̣Ϳܹ࿴ԷĽӲӰȴǾֵķ˶ԷڲϵĸɿݣڲСһжڲϵҴܡ
ƫƫԽʱůˬȴԽˡ
ƤıҧƣֻͷԣȥмֻͿɰСӣǴƤ֮
ֱ˫Լ۾֮ҲСǲֱԭԼҲǴ˺ͶԷͬĵز
⣬˵һȺħ
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ҹӴҵǱŵˣǶԼֱۣ毺õŮˣҹɫøˡ
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׿ν˵ȻſͽЩֶնյСӷ
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ѩӨæǽһ°ɣȳȥȡ
ҹҲһܵʱ䣬񽢶ε

Ԫ23ͣԴڿݽߣǸƻȻͣͼֽ֮ϣһʵʵС̬Ȧ⣬в߱ģʸ
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װֱ̫֮УͽȡģҲʡȥ鷳˰͵ʱ䣬һٶʮ񽢣ÿһ֧񽢶Ӷ˵ĹģԸͬķѰźʵ̬
ʮߺ񽢶뿪ϵ֮ʱȻȫ񽢶ӡ
ϵϵʱ䣬Ѿ˰˰ٶ꣬˰ٶΣҲȫ
ֻ֪ǵΪ˶һͷ񱩵̫վޣðٴȫȶԾǨװúȻ涴ȵ˦ԾǨ֮Ѿʺ򡭡
յĲԾǨҲ޷Сͻ𡣡
̬һѧУͼ˳ҹĿǰļҲеЩΡ
ԭԾǨǵõ˵ģǿԼóҲܲȶܲ졣
ͺⵯɿƾ۱Ĳһ
Ȼ涴ûг涴ڣȻǵģԵ涴Ŀֲλƾ룬λϵ֮ڣҲΪˡ
һ̬ûУ⿿񽢿Ĺ˼꣬Ǽʮ񽢶ӵӵǺܲù
Ȼⷢ䡰ۡɴοԷĳ̬»ֵͬʱҲܴϢ
ðɣǵҵһš̬ţϧû취Ϣǡ
ţûһҷ۾﷢ģݵΪʱġ
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֪ҾǾӦ˱
ǵѧǣ˵ҹЩߵĻҲЩ廳𵱳ѧĵӡ
Ȥζֱһǰ룬˻ǹɢһա
ԭڶС۵ѧǣһеĵ׵⡣



724 
Ȼѩ϶ҹĴҲеЩãȻԼΪ˳󣬻ǿ񽢵ĸ߲Ƕǿһʵ
һλʮһͱ߼°ʵ飬Ȼ˵λͬ
ͨЩæǰæڰæȼѾϨ¯Ѫܿ°ҹǸһ߼
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Ϊ˿ʲôı˵ˣû˵̫վһΣԵҲ׿˵Ĵڣֻǲ֪Ϊɶ̫վ޿Ա˵Ӱˡ
´ŭʲôۣҲⷽϸѯʡ
ΪѩϵĻ˵ҹҲܹԾģܵǱʲô˵ʵ飬ܵıܹ⡣

Ԫף

ҹˡࡱ󣬰ѾҹѾ˽ѩϵˣʱ𾪺ŵɫ
˵ļѾǸ߸ˣ弶ĴڶѾ޷ķ롣
ֻжŵĳ̶ȣֻȥеһЩƼ
ԭǵʶУҹҲǸ߼лȡһݵλĴڡ
ôҲ벻ȻΪһԪףһԪס
˵Ѿܹճļ
һչĻʯ֮һ
ӳʹŻ֪ʶĻӣʹſƼչľ硣
ʮʮĽʼʵۣķҲӵ൱һѧϰȻٽʵۣеĲԶ޷ĨƽֻԽԽ
е̫ˣҲֻܱ֤С˳ٰˣͨƽֻҪŬĻǧҲǳ̬
ҹЦЦҲûǵᣬֻһԪ׾ųˣٱϺݵҲѽܡ
ڸߵ˵ʹﵽ˹ʣ״̬׷ҲȡȥмֵóĴڡ
ǲ֪
Ȼ˾Ϊƹ񽢵߳٣ʱҲԵЩִ
֮ԻôĴҵλΪȻҲǸӦİȴȥ˹Ȼڳһ̬򡣡
ȻδҵĸǣǰЩ˵İãȴҲҪƻ
ҹǵ͵ķıνȨʴȣ󲿷ֶǷԼϣҲЩ󣬵ʣǽλ֮¡
񽢶Ӵ˹ڳһͬʱᰲ㹻˹Ϊ񽢶ӵеϰµȼ
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ҹİźҲеЩȻС˵
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ΪȨߣìܵԣȻĻΪԼ˳ֵȨʧء
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ҹ̧ǷſģЦһ
ң㲻Ρ
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˸ŻԾǨϵͳ֧ӱǳѪյĳ涴ԾǨȥ
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аʼģŵ򣬻δҹڰ֮ԴʱΪս壬ܴﵽǿֱٶȴκġ
ȫΪսΪ˻
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ҲΪȻ־Լаʹʲôһ̥δܴ档
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ڳӵȫƿȨҹȻҲưķչֻ˲Ҫйˡ
֮һʱ䣬ִ¼Ƭзš

һ֮ϵٲû
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ӭһҳɫˮɴ
Ϊ߼ȻûаһԾǨװãֻ˵߼ĵô
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ǲȼλ壬Ы׿ˣԼǿո輧Լĸ輧Ŷӡ
ţΪϵһνӴĴͳд渺⽻ǿո輧ǣ񽢶ӵҲû⡣
ֻǰνġ⽻ǰˣڲٴ
֮ҹ֪Ϣʱ򣬵ǸеãȻ
ҹ£ٲ˵Уӵһλϵϱ߼ӣȷŲκεƵʸ񡣡
Ϊмʶ壬ʱҲΪҹ˽͡
ÿһ߼ӵϵĳȻǿߣӵһλǿߣܹܿ콫Ƶ߼ĳ̶ȡ
ҷ߼УҲΪȽĴڡ
ӰôԽĴ𡣡
ҹν߼ҲȷΪȤֱܹתڶ磬ķʽͨ磬лֿթһεĴڡ
ԼԣҲ˵ʤ
ŵǿ壬ȺɱȷѾﵽиɻĵز
еκսܹƣҲԾǨװܹصˡ
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725 ٲ֮
һ̫յһ̫ճǣٲ˶Ҫ-ٲ֮ǣķɴﲻ
Ҳҹһ˳ɹģĿռ켼ʹá
̫յԶԶȥͺһĳӰŷɴֱӽ룬ȴܸܵԽԽϡ͵Ŀռ䱡УԼڲԽĻռ䡣
һԼڹŰĽȺԶʶϵͳ׼ľ޴УҲܹ֤ȶ
û̫յһĳвûеʲôۿͷκηɴֱӷ롣
±޴󣬽Ѱᱻ˺ѵķɴҲܹɽ
ƺ⡰С·ĵ棬ܹѡԵĶԴʩһַôͳɴڲжܹ֤
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˲𣬲߼ǸߵӦеǡ
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ΪԹٲˣҹҲǻ̰īԼĶ
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Ϊ˱˽
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726 
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ĴڣȻҹöԵȵ̬
ǰɣѵҹ²ǿô򵥣
ĿҹһĿǵҲΪҹж൱ǿһԱ
ôҲ벻⾹ȻѾôˣȻϵﵽͬһΣ
ѵҹѾܾˣõߣ
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727 һֿ
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˹ƶء˹زûʲô飬Ȼҹˣû׼ŵ˼
Ǻайô
ҹҪƺҲû̫⣬ӼʱʼԷıƺͶаźܲð
óóȻԼæƺҲΨܹȷ˫Ĺͬϣܱ㹻ĺΡ
ʼ֪թߵĿԼȻԼ״̬ˣȻǺаˡ
ûȺеӶԴϵһֱ꣬ӵٲѾѻôˡ
˹˰˸ƺҹоԷеôе㶺ӡ
ּ˹ƲƲ졣
ȺҰļһʵҲСҲûʲô취κεǣֻܾһ
ҹԺһЦ
û⣬թǼһҲ˳ۺܾˣҪȥ鷳Ȼˡ
Ļû˵꣬Ǳߵ˹¶һ۵ıٵİơ
ҵ˼ˡ
ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵ºܸϽ뿪ϵˣٰϢǣҲߵġ
Լӣҹǿģе鴤ĸо
Ůˣһ㶼ɰ


ˮ֮ڡ
Ŵİ裬˹ʼ˵
ӲǲĴ
Ѿȫ˼뽩ҹľĿӰһ˿Ů˵ԴϸԴﵽװʲôĳ嶯
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ԻҪҹǣ뿪
ʵҲҪȥİɣһİɡ
˵ţ˵û취ʹó涴ʲôģֳв
ԹͬʱҹҲԼһ뷨
ͺԼܺĹ죬ҪооһȻ䷢Լһ·ߵĴڣҲͬҪһоԼĵ·
ҲΪˣҹļ룬Ҳû̫ų⣬Ǹ
Ҳ˵ˣϵȥݷüλѣҲһֱ£ֻǴպ˳·ߡ


728 ټ
λٲ˵ľڣһ·ϵĹ̲Ҫ̫򵥡
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λƽٲߡĻ˵Ȿǹƽ֣涴ڵûë߹ϵ
ţһбͨ涴ֱӱ֮߰ңϵ֮С

Ϊһ涴ȥĵص㲢ûͨһ涴Ա֮ǰʮߺ񽢹Ƭ˵ϵߵĳڣȴҪöࡣ
Ͼһĵ涴һ߻ʹãҲ֮ǰʮߺǸ涴ȱɼֵķ涴
ߵ̫֮еһͶӰǣһܹƵһЩźš
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ǿղƷϵ߼֮һ봫ͳй̶ΧͬǿղƷǽڱ鲼ϵ
յ̬ǺԴҲǶһһŵģһüǮ
Ϊľƹǵǿҵ
ôǿһӰ췶ΧôΪƹҵҲϱΪֹҲֻϵ֮һͨĵز
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Ȼƿ˻ҷȨӰôУôȻҲӹɵġ
治˵۾óǿղƷϵǵ֮֮
һλϵ򣬱ǲƷûʲôϵľڵĸҲûʲôͻλǺܳȻˡ
ȥƷ˽һ£ô϶źܹ鱨Դ
ҹŴС˽⵽ǿղƷͺҲǽΪĶġ
Ȼصϵʮߺ񽢶ͼǿԿԶǶλдŷΧȷˡ
վҲ׼ȷæȻˡ
ֻǸոľͷǿ˹бӵĿ⡣
ˡֱԣʲôģ鱨ǰҲǲ¼ģռط
һı֮ҹľȻԭĴ㣬ȻĬĬ˹죬˷ɴſڣһֱӽ˳ȥ
㻹Ƿȥɣ
ٶŵǺСҲæŷ˳ȥƺܵǵǸӡ
ţһ·ϵһЩӴ˽⣬ҹҲλƽٲߡȫǸ׳գѾ˻ûźԶĵزˡ
СҲǵԼû취չԼʵҲôżʲô
µļһ߿׳ٵҹǼС࿴һľĿУָŷɴ񽢿ͼȥ
ΪֶеͣλҲЩңԶͨԶɸѡԱȣҲֻܴҵһģķ
зܱûкá
ҵִϵ󣬿Ŷ񽢵ıҲܶ񽢵źŽˡ
߼ɴȣǰźŲܲ׽

ǵʮĺ񽢣ܵش𡣡
һżѸٳҽ£
˼飡˾˵ķ֣ʷϻʱķ֣
ǿ£ǿһ̬򡣡

еźŴݣϷΪ֣һԾǨźţҲԾǨķʽݣٶȺҲҪԾǨöࡣ
һ־λźţǿڳ涴ռԾĴݣϾźŲʣûֿܵռܶȵֻǵڶѺܴ
ʣȻƼ˵㣬ô񽢵ķǳԾǨˣһֵԾǨźŻյġ
ԾǨźŵĴݣҲܹӰ쵽ܴһƬˡ
ڳŴŷһºӵ߼ƼˮɴǳɹĲһԵʮĺ񽢶ǰźš
ҸһźΪ׼ʼ׼½ֲ׽źš
ҹЩãȻ֪˵ʲô
ǲСʶһ㣬Ծȵ˵
ҹ£һ֧˵Ľһʷǰ
еõʲô𣿡
ҹЩʵ
ȷõһŲļϢֻƬӦӼһˡ
ĵͷ
ҹܲЩֽ
һעڣռһҺѪҺԣܹи桢ֱãһ弶յļ
ҹ࣬ò˵Աڶʮߺ񽢶ӣһ֧ʮĺ񽢶ӵҪõˡ
ȻӣҲĸʧȥϵҲ涴ģȴرˡ
һȻֱԾ弶ܹѧϰоļЩȥﵽļĳ̶ȿԻǺܴģϾźѾİٶʷˡ
жһº˵
һ񽢼ˣ֧Ųһļźȴ˵Ѿҵһ򣬵ʱյӤ֣㹻ըʽֲ˿ڵĲ㡣
⵹һϢˡ
Ǿ˳źŹȥɡ
΢һ·ˮɴźŵͨԾǨȥʼ׽ʮĺ񽢶ӵĺۼ


729 
ǡ
һļ紺Ѿʮĺ񽢿ꡣ
ʮĺ񽢶ѾΪһ̫ղݣȥôЩϻļѾֻܳΪ塣
ʮߺ뿪ҲѾоŰٶʱ䣬ôʱʮߺȴʱ࿹չƼʲôȻûʲôҲû㹻
ôҲû߶١
ʮĺ񽢲˿עʽԣһȶĽôʱķչۣҲѾɹĿļĳ̶ȡ
ֻΪʼ˿ڵϡ٣ôҲǵĿհףûмŶ١
ϵ̫ϵĺϵԵһվУڼֵԱ˵Цʱһ󾯸ȴǳ˼վ
ΪոµļȻԾǨװûδзֶȴҲѾ걸
ԭɢļæ͸λ˿Ŷְ
ǵϵӭλ˵ĵ鷳λ˽һµǼǡ
ܹԾǨκһÿͣǶҪ߶ӡ
ÿһܿͨ·ĻҲҪΰա
Ϊ½ļǿ˵ոս̨Ƿ۷۵ˡ
ȶԾǨԼδ֮Ĳ࣬쳣֮ԡ
ֻԼһĶֵس罻Ĺؼ
ˮһķɴ֣ҲüվĹ۲ԱǸеЩ棬ķɴȷֶҲǵһμĹŹСɴ
ʲôģΪ۵ļҲûģҲһЩ߲Ա⽻Ա
һϤĺǿո輧ŶЩСҲǸе쳣˷ܡ
ȻԼ񽢵ԼǿǸе˷ĵĸˣҹʾ£ǿո輧ϱӦ
ǵʮߺǿո輧Ŷӣ׽ټźŶ
ͬϤĺּվУҲ˸еͬĲ죬һȻ
ʱȥ˼֧꣬񽢶Ⱥִһչ
û뵽ʱ꾹Ȼֳһ֧һΪ⽻ߴǿո輧ֱӳ˫ĲΣ˵ҲǵܶͬĴڡ
ӵпԾǨķɴʲôģҲû̫档
ȶԾǨǺѣõԾǨķɴңŰٶʱҲܼ񵽼ҵġ
ڵ֪ǿո輧ź󣬼վԵúӣֱӽȽӽͿռվһı߼ʿռվС
ҹҲ֮佫СЫ׿
Լǿո輧һ̤֮ϡ
ۣǿո輧쿴ͷһλǵѩ˴һĴˡ
У㿴ǸƯòá
˼еģȷҲܺÿ
ҹ֮󣬼վейԱƼһ𣬶ԵúǺ档
ֳָӹٿڵ
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һλߴİӿżЦ˵
Ǿֻܿ񽢵Ҫֿ϶ŷˣں˵ڵһͳʱͳΪˡ
Ҽ㣬ԼУǶʮߺ񽢵ǿո輧ϣҵŶԼҹ
ϿǶʮߺ֮ˣȻҲӳƽ档
һصصһҹ͹Գӡ
ȻԼУҹǺλ⽻ļһһרŸ⽻˵ġ
ȻǶԡͶ񽢳ԱеԽУվͬͬ壬Ϊһ߾վССУԱһλǿո輧ŶҲȫûаʸ
򵥵Ļʺһº߱µĸǣһҿ촬͹ȥ
ԼĴҪҿȥֵֹˮɴҪһЩ

ǣȻҲƼԪأ˵ܹǵȥϵ
ڵعϡĹϵ˼еĴ⣬ⲿסܶ඼ũʽ
ȥ򶼺Ȼ԰⡣
ȻΪӴص㣬԰ũС
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ǵܶڵأɻ˵ĴڣȫȥһЩδչ龰һģһ
ŵ½ɴĽ䣬½Ļ֮Ѿ˽Ϊ¡صǶС
ֻ£Ҳûгַ󿴲ȥ˵ҹҲο
ԽкͽȻҲܸܵⱾ֮ûʲô˵ġ
ӴǵˣҲͬһλˣ𷢱Ļ
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С㣬ӭĵΪǰе񽢶ӣдѾˣԵ֡
󷽷ֺͬܵļҲûзľͷ
϶пҲЩꡣ
ǿպУԭ򶼿ܵ񽢵ʧͻ
ѩС㣬֪ĸǻϵô
ͬӰ쵽Щʧ۶ߵķҺ󣬴Щп
ʱûУѾɳǲѰһعĸǵĵ·ĶӦҲҪ˲ǡ
ʮĺ񽢵ǿո輧ѩˣûЩʲôġ
˼򵥵ĽӺһ˾͵ִ齵ӭݣ;ͶٵһϢһ£ʽĻ졣
ͬʱҲṩ˿Ե磬ԼרŵĽ˵ԱȤʱԶ˽һǵ״


730 
ѹ˵עʽܹؼȷǺֵƹռĶˣȴûһϣֱӳʱע룬ͨôǵĻɡ
пԵͽʱҲ㹻ҹֳһ˽⡣
˵Ǹոտļã棬Ըе󣬶ҲҲԶеЭ൱Ĺʣ
˿Ҳ࣬عϡԴḻĲҵǷ֡
ⷽڵͬļ˫߽߶˺Զ߲ûչơ
ϵǢûʲôͻ𲽿óףøᵽ˸Եز
ҵǵܶڻ˵齨Լ֮ĶУܵܿͨĻңӴó뽻
ҹеЩȻȻʱţոհͻȥ뿪е¡
Ȼ뿪ǾͿɣԼȻϲ£ͺôǽӸ
ҹĥš

һߣܶ
Ʋܶʮĺ˾ԱǰĻѩˣԭЩüͷҲɷгһ˿͡
ûȥЩʧˣʮߺ񽢶ôˣ
ѩ˺Ĺ๾ıһ֭ţ󿪿ڵ
񽢣⴩һγԶĳ涴ǣ൱Զ̸ôǿ̸ӦĶ˲ǰɡ
ѩ˵ʱҲԵЩ棬ɫͫģԻ̬ȣȥ⡣
֮԰ӴһУ˫ͬȵǿո輧⣬ҪԭܶڽӴļʹ
Ҫ̶˵ǿ϶Ǹǿļ
һԼˣ̬㶼νһʵǿĿˣҪ֣һЩ
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ܶһɻҲûʲôĿƼκܸߣ˵ȱ˵İٻЩ塣
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ԭĽȻǿĿɺôȲǰڲ֪ΪʲôҾȻͬʱǲʹ߹ӦԼĽ顣
ֻһܶ˵ȻǻܿģͬʱûνɺˣһǷһЩʲôҽԼųʲô
£ȻҪӡ
᲻ΪǸżĹϵ
ѩ˺ôҲܵ˶Ѭգ׽⻹ǱȽģʼ֪ǷżҪԣֱڶƵ͸¶Ϣ
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ˣͲ֪ͨζѾȻȻĽעʽԼһ֣ҲйܵĿܲǡ
ѵи߲鱨Щ֧ϵйˣ
ԼСüģܶҲеЩۣ˹ȥ¥ѩ˵ļЦ
ˣŮӼҼҲҪȥˣҲϴСˣʲôʱ۰Ҹʵ˹Ӱ
ûİԼĸһۣѩȫС
Ҫȥޣתƻ⡣
ˣҲҪģˮڣǵõļɲֻҪģĽҲѣҪġ
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Ȼżļܹ࣬ļעʽ⣬սйصļˡ
ǵ˿ڲ࣬ɿŸԶļʻӵĹģ൱ɹ۵ģ벢ͬ١
˿ԼչʱվӲˡ
ļļ˼ǧ꣬ӰķΧʮ꣬˿ǡ
ʩѹĻҲǹ΢һüǮ
ǿʵΪ壬ҪʱԼò³˹ܶõȷǲҪൣġ
ɲ֪ΪʲôܾЩģ˸еѹ֡

һߵĹУԭֿסļʹߣʱȴѾյһ֮ڡ
ڴ˱Яʽķװú󣬱ǿʼ̸
һжӵƬͫԼһ֣ʱҲͬԵЩء
֮ǰλܶصشǲιһ֧Եչʾǵǿ󡣡
ȷǵľĿȻһ㣬ȴĸߣº֮ԸҪҲ˽ǣʧء
治ս
Ҳһ˿˿ص˼ʵȫҪߵһ
ֲǸǵ־ģ˼ҪģԭɾܵõһУƫƫҪǳļƴɱļ󡣡
£ǸżҪԺ͵ȼҪԶԶǵǿ󶼲ԸⱩ¶ֺ
α֤ǲᲽء
ûоܾذһһɡ

ͶӰٵڶžžžһޣӵѹҹҲ˸Ƿ
ԽԽ࣬뵽һЩŹֵ·أû취
ʽ氡Ҳ֪ǵǲӽϢصô
ʱ䣬ԼҲñع潫ڶһ£ܲܶݵʱ֮Ӱ
Ҳ֪ҪѶõʱ䡭


731 
ڶĻ泡滹ǱȽǢҹҲܿǵ̬ȵȷǱžȫԱĴͳ
⴫ͳĵǽĿǰ˾Դḻ˿ڲǰϣͽ˵൱ġ
Ȼȷһ㣬ǰǲɴûϢҹҲĥʱߵ·һˣ׼ԼҺڶһ¡
ŵλ׵ġƽٲߡСϵҹһ·ҲѾ˸˼·ĳΡ
ҪԸ־ȥӰǺΰʱ֮ǲܵģĿԻϵԼһͬзӰ졣
ȻܱǿܳΪ־һ֣Ҳᱻޱߵʱ⺣ȫ̻
ԼյĿģȴǲ
°״ôңԼĿƺʧˣƺϤվʷĶ档

ԼҲԸأû룬ʲô𡭡
ٴλعڶ΢Ҫ鷳һأҸط桤塱ų̫ĻƬ˺ѵİɡ
һŵʱ
ȷǰûʲô󰭺󣬼б߾ǱߴŵСǳų棬ҹҲû˷ѵõĻᡭ

Ͻ㣬ǵʲôʱܵ
ѩͬΪǿո輧֮ͬ仹๲ͨԵģ˻׼Ͼٰһݳᡣ
΢ЩأҶ֪ôʲôط˵𡣡
ϲźۼƳһѩǺΰزͷ˿һĪЩµЦݻشͬԷʳϰ
ĵ;ʱƺ뵽ʲôѯʵ
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⵹ܹʲôģ뵽˵Լļʱı״
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ѩƺܹⲿӵе˺⡣
ǿո輧ŵĳ˵ȷΪøⲿһĳ̶ֳϵȷҲܹ
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ٺ٣ʵ㣬ʲô鷳ҲҪġ
ƺҵĳԼܰĵطص˵
Ȼ֪ҹӰԭ۽磬Ҳ̫еˮ̶ȡ
Ҳ֪ҹǻ߼ĳ
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ҹû¶ʲôȴҲûпҪ˼˵ʵҲνˡ
ҹġ
صضһµĺ仹û˵꣬ȴǳľ֮
һ½˵Ľ̸ȫϡ
ͬʱ˴ڿա
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ϰ𣿡
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һûμӹϰ
ѩҲеЩãȻ
ǵķűǱ˿һȺıڳ˽
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Ϊѩ˰Σıͷӣѩ˵ĸ׻ܹܶһʱ˽⵽һϣʱıϾ
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ѩ˵޷뾪ԱߵȴҪȶöࡣ
ڴﾭģҲ¶һƽı顣
λĻţȥҹܹһ⡣
ĻһЩںѩ˵ע⡣
ҹ
ǿո輧ôѵֱڵŶΣ׹밮ӺäĿΣ
Уļĳͻȫвһðɣ
վҲ⽻ĹͣҲҪ֮һѳ
ʱµҲûȥʲô
ǾͿȥҹϣǸϽ
ѩҲֱӿڵ
ʲôҵҹðɺðɣȹȥҵ˵
ɫ΢һ£ƽѩ˾齷䣬ǿո輧ŶӷԼҹķҲڸ
ֻ֮ȴް㷴Ӧ
ѩ˵ıͷȻûôõˣСıĵԼЩֱһžͽ߿
ŵϲɢ
˲òŭҹ鷳ˡ
ü˶еµǣȴǿһˣԵ塣
ߵǰܷһűѹµֽ
е㼱ʱ뿪һ£¿Ǽλ
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ʻ˸ͷQͷϸеһңСֽ
ҲֱӾͽԱһ𿴵ѩ˵ըˡ
ͷ
˵һнý㣬㱻ֿڻƭˣ϶ˣǿиɣҲƤҺÿ㣬ǲҪߡ
е㷢뿪λͷҲƺһҵţصع˹ԼļҲһͬ뿪
ֻǰıѾ棬̾ͻڱսʲôҲ̫Ƚģʱ䵹Ҳ̫


732 
Ǳֵ൱⧲νǺס
ǰʹ̸еĽ⣬ʹ߶ûߣֵĽȴԾǨִ
ļԾǨװûδռҲѾõжͻȻԡ
ǵսˮ׼൱֮ߣųԽȼĺڿƼ£ѾԾǨ
ʵͷܹӵԾǨжλ׼ٶ̫бĿǰȼõĵöࡣ
ƫƫڱԾͻϮ£Ʋûзӳ
һԾǨĵзӣǴҵͷȷ͹źŵǼǵġ
ΪʱлġڡмϢͻȻӶһЩȫ⡣
û뵽һȴȫս
һ˸⧲󣬶ڶԷԾǨԮûڵһʱЧˡ
Ȼռݷֵ˵ƣԾǨȫܹڶԷսֵĵһʱ͸Ĺ
һе֣һеƶΪС
սƣսƶδܷӳ˽Ƶ̡
ǵĽȷӲڵ⧲ͦˣǿ֯˷ߡ
һͿܱͻֱӹǵĹ
ǿֹ˷ߣսĻҲѾȼսϵ֮䡣
żêϵľҪҪΪУµķߡ
ǵҲǾӰ˼Σڽ׶ǵʱս
ǹϣ걸ҪϵȻڹ̫֮УЩҪȥһ㶼ۡ
뽢رٶȷ涼ռʱ˻޷ʱͻƣǿķ
̫յĹǵر֮ϣܹ޾֮в˸ĸֹԶܹ׽ս棡
˸սըĹԣһλѪĻ桭

սʱָҵС
顫
ݺݵȭӣ³˹ܶıһƬ
вףǲͻȻת϶ǻ඼ʲôĬ
ҲΪԭŻ΢͸¶ʾҪʱԼܹò
ǵĬӦʩѹ棬δнʱĻȨ档
ϾôǺƽչĺôԶԶս
û뵽ʹ߶أԵĽӾѾִˣ
ʣıѾã׼ʱ֣
ĵõһЩԽĿǰȼһҪϼˡ
ʧ̬
ɲεķŭҲǵơ
Լֻһ֧񽢶ӵķչ̥꣬˿ڵҲ̫ˡ
չĻҲ̫ˣ
ӵԱȶҲ̫ͬˡ
ֻһȵļܱˣϣȻŸɳش˺˵ȴǱذɡ
ѹȣôŭҲֻɣѡá
ǵָӹ٣Ҫͨ
ѹͷŭ³˹۾ɳƵ˵
սͨѶƵ
ܿ죬ʱսָǰľ޴ͶӰ֮ϣӰһЩƣһϲɫƬ
λǵҪʲôѾʾˣûвܳõĶֻҪһۣսʧҪ͵öĴ۾ܵõ
³˹ܶЩ˵һԲ͵Ϯ֣ȴֻѡ̸УΪһˣ³˹ڵѪ
ֻ³˹Ļϵ۵Ҳֻһ˿ΣǼΪǿӲ˵
ǰʼǲûϵòԵȵʱѾˡ
ڼȻѾսˣҲΡ
Ҳû̸ֻҪǽװҲֻǸżĶѡ
һһͣƺǽֱʾúһ
ߣЦΪһ𣡽װ˵óڣ
³˹ȻǵĻԼ̸еʸ񣬾Ϊϻ㹻ʹĽӡ
ңǵͻȻʵ̫ˣ˵ô򵥡
ȻˣҲûʲô˵ˣսɡ
Ψֻʹ⡣
ȺرնϵͨѶսָҵҲһƬĬ
Ȼʱʱսָҵűٴδ򿪣ѩ˴Ⱥ˽
ǿո輧ΪܶͬĴڣȨֵصġ
֣Сˣô졣
ѩһεĿڵһֱǿ˵ҪȥǼλڱ߾վѣ˵ܽ⣬ѩ˺Ρ
ŮѾж̫ˣΪԼǶ˶һֽȻҲŲɡ
ڵ³˹ȻûʱȥЩСŮҼҵ¡
սָֻʸ񡣡
һ仰ֱӶˡ
ɾ׼ٴοڵʱǰȴǴľ֮ԭſƼȶսߣͻȻ˺ѿڡ
B-3ս֧Ԯ˳˴ս
C-11󡫺䡫
зսǿ󣡡
סˣ

ԮźţͻȻѩƬһĳ߷Ͷ
ԭƼһ㣬һֱռ˼γɾֲѹƵȻͻȻս
ȻԱûбȼսǿ٣ɽĨȥϵƾȫ˳
̼з̵ơ
ͼָʾϣ̵㻯˺ɫԭι̵ķ߲Ŷ̶ʮӾѾ˱ͻƵơ
ͷ󾪡
Էʲôʱյļģ˫ս̬ȻһԶܿˮƽƣ
һʱ䣬³˹Ҳе޾ľһ˫εĺڱƶһ
ʼԼ̸еĵΪԼܹȷżܴ۶Էڣȴûлˡ
ѵļҲƳǰ̨
Ǹżʲô
׼ٴӶԷɡ
ɫ粻˸һվԼеһ
ڽԱûгɹͨʱһˮɴȴǳս֮ϡ
սЩ򱬵ս
ˮɴڵĲˡ
ֻǴѣôͷôµ飡
˭ĵӣȻҹֲ
ѵͲ
죡춼Ҫˣĥĥˣ
һʥս׺ļλսʿȫװƨɵĳ˷ɴ֮⡣
ͬʱֵģƾյһһֻĸЫ״̫վ޳̫֮У첿ſ
СսһСЫӣǴб벼³˵Ͻӷȥ


733 
⡭ʲô
սȻʲô˲ĿƼļоĴڡ
ǵսʵǿҲͬȫѹȥ
һСʱʱ䣬ڷ˺һѿڣ֮ھܹԷ׶ǣ
ɾʤȯգһоյʱ
ͻȻֵˮɴȴȫıս
ɴзɳЩֲװãһĽԼսȺһһ
ļ弶ܹյֶΡ
ȻĹӶ⸽ôܣѵй¶˳ȥ
ʱ˺Ͳ³˵ĽָӹҲֻܹעһһ߽ϵ߻㱨һ߲ϵļɽӣͼĿѹԷĵ
ϧԷٶʵ̫죬Ҳǿÿ£û취˿Ч³ƬƬĻԵĹС
ΪʲôΪʲôһļӵֲĵսѵҲżеƷ
Ȼҧ׼ٴμսȥΧ˵ʱͻȻž޴ֵĿ̫վޣȴȫݻĵֿ񾭡
޾̫ЫӴ³һѷĽ˼ĽȺ
Ǹܵʲôƣ
ȫηĳ溣ֶ̾ԾǨĿֲݿһĽսȺһɨա
̾ԾǨ֡ѡ
һǳɣ
˵ʼˮսгļ壬΢һ㷴˼ǰ溣ľֻ޾ľ
ָӹٿǸǶĳ溣ֻдľȻ
ͨѶɳŲѯʽȵûлظ˼ˡ
ˡ
һжˣ
һλעһпܷɻڴﱧϴȡ
û뵽û뵽ȴǴŭȴڣ
ԼʵǿΣ֮Σ
Ҳǿ
ܽΣԼѾδˡ

һߣ̫пֵ֧Ƿھʿǰ̻һĳҲĴ͡
οƷˡ
ðɣʵҲûʲô¡
ռݼƣٶȡ̻ǵٶȣѹ̫ҪȫԷĿڶĵˡ
ɰŵз³ֵĴȽսһƾ̼仯ΪС
ڷ˵зսĿĵ׶ֻľΡ
ֻܹ
ڽζѾϣˣܻһһ
ʱȥһӣⷴתٶǿЩˣ
ԼǰѾ޷еĵطսȺڼǰȴֽһ㣬һıơ
µǺֵ̫վޣ
ĳӣ˵ˣĵ׷Ƥ
ֻ⿴ȥ˶ĵĳӣʱȴȫ᲻
ΪȺѾ˽¾һա
ԾǨƶϹģʽֱϹǵĹۡ
û뵽սܹ˵ĻС
⣬Ǹߵսʽô
š
ʱǸɵҲ֪ܹɵѹǿֲĿսֻԸ߼ļ
弶ܲһ㶼޷ȷ
ֻҪ֪ʱ˵ЩͻȻֵɱվԼһߵľ͹ˡ
ɼˣһԲϾ͸ݵĲбƢйսľʿĵҲЩɪɪ
ɱûɱô죬ȥƢײУѪ
ʲôް

ˣˣ˻ΪǱģ
ڵǣ
Ƶ䣬ָӽҲ̫̻
սкйߵĳӿʳһա
ʬ޴档
ɱ˸ĸһޣҧгƺ޲ñʬж˿ĺ⡣
ǿս˶˸
ʵֱָһˡ
ͷ³˹ܶ˿ûⱻͷ˵ָ˫ĿãȻָҲЩ
ܹԼΪĽѹƵ̧ͷĵˣһȺͻȻֵļһֱŪӤ
Ҳʵ벻Էĳɡ
ѵҲΪǸżô
ֻҪܻƽȫҲν
¾£ᶼԼˡ
һԲϾͽ¾һյײԸ񣬸Ͳʺ̸УҲʺϽ
Ϊ˻ġ
ˣȫˡ
³˹е⼸ײеļһѾȫû취ˡ
ɾ³˹ܶܵ˾޴̼ûʱǵƵǱͨ
ĻֻܿһЦݺǽӲ
λѣûʲôɣʧжĸûܵɡ
ǽźͽӲı飬³˹
ôǿĴôܻںԼССļĸܣȻװôٵı飬Ѿ׼ƭżصݣȻºô
ʱȴǴЩ˵
ĺܼʱǳɹֹ󣬾ǡ
Ա߶Ļϻ˻֣ڷ
Сû¾ͺãҲû°ɡ
Ǳ߿ϺҲ˿ãû⵽޷صĵز
Ѿ˴ҲΪƽϢʱܻҹµŭԼ˱ҪΪȥľʿǱ
ʱǱ߱Щ³˹ܶʱãȻоԴҪյˡ
˭ʲô
ѩá³˹ܶˣ⼸λڱ߾վһֱ֪ͨǵЩǵĿƼ̽ˮƽǵ֪ͨҪһЩ
ϼʼָ˺ҲСѵ


734 ܲô
뷴ʿѪܰǱҪۣ
վʱսָҵипźϽ˵
ϽӶֲĴðȥвλǸ߲㶼Ǻա
ΪΪζԷԼ˻Ҫ
ϱǵݺȻǻɣȻٶ߹ǽ˽
Ҳһֱֳһֿ̬ȣ³˹ܶķҲǺѲֹ
ֻԭ³˹ܶ׼ȸ߹ȽӴһЩ˵ʱȴǱ˷Ļ⡣
һʱе±ơ
С˵ڸոսȻʱǱ߲ǼĽ
λôĵ뷨룬Ҫ̸豨뻹
ȻֵǲҪλģǵͼλǣ׿ǺѰµġ
⼸λսʿҲ̲䵽
ʲôЦ
ǵȣ
ȵҹ»ȻǴ˸Ȼ˲ٽʿ
Ǹû
ΨһܹģǾܣҵһĻᡣ
ԼʲôõĿ
ԱҪҪսҪѪϴҪ壡
Щսʿ񱩵ӣ˸ͲȰ
Ǹ߲Щһﶼιӡ󶼻ͣ˺зӵӡ֮ϣȻҿڡ
ֻжϤһЩ˵
Ǹǵ˼ǵıʲôֲǣǳǺֹô졣
ϵĻһˮ˼ͷսʿġ
Լ˴һδȻɱϳ㣬Ǳˡ
µĺֻһ
ǲǿһ˿ѿЦ˵
С̫ܵļˣģǻضʮСʱסȫԲñԽǵķߣ
귢ն
³˹ܶǵи߲㶼еһܳ
Բۣ⵽ʲôʲô
Ҳ̫ǵ˰ɡ
ѵСòĳλսʿİĽ
ֲ񰡡
ʮߺ񽢵׷ʲô
Ⱥ񵽵ġ
߲նĻŸո˵̫֮꣬⣬ֳһƬը֮
ԭսȦ֮УȻһƬֻһҹĺɫ塣
ڰ֮ȫڸһеıǺݡ
ͻȻĳַͻȻսȴǴ䲻֮
սϢݵָҵС
ǼϣȴһֳŤЦݡ
Ǻڻӣðڵˣеı
ֻǴʱǵȴǱģԼʲôΪҪ˶Դǡ

һߣȫ֪ķɴ֮УһͬһƬӰӰʱȴԵЩأΪһֱӵĸͧв׽ʼɨĻ档
ʱָҵжʾһЩͷڲ⡣
ˣѵѾй¶𡣡
ȫƵɱϵӦûˡ
ڴ˸кӦԼǳ̸̸
ûͨսʿ㲻ʲôĳֺܴܿ߼֣ɲ
ҪʱһЩҲνˡ
ؼ̫վޣ˭ϡ
ȫΪսս֪ĸĴֱʡ

ΪĻƶһеĺ֣ǶԼʵųš
壬Կֵܳ߼ҲֻǱֳ㹻ļɵȴûгη
ǶЫ׿˵ıӸȤ
ˡ
ս׵ӰֱӶ̾ԾǨֱӳڵδ֪ս֮⡣
⣬߼ս𣿡
еʥװڲĸԽеļҲе൱൱⡣
߼߼սĶ
ִڻᶢ깽ļǸνżʲôش
ΪΪ߼ʵѾĿһУһС
ҪǸżеĶĻֱ־Ϳˣû˻˵ʲôκļŹԹ˫ַϡ
ƫƫҪѡӵֶΡ
ǣǵĶ󣬱ȻҲֻ߼
ߣЩǴĳһ֧߼еһϵϵ־Ҳ˵
ô˵˵
ʵ̫ˣ
ڲ˶ֵĲκ󣬼λĵսʿȴ˿˶о˺ü֡
ûãĻǡ߼Ҳǡ߼
ܹѾܲˣҹӦòˡ
һ߲׽ЩսʿֵĲ˷ɱ仯սڵӰҲ¶԰Цݡ
ˣΪ߼ĴֻҪչֳһҷɴãҲ㹻ӡ
룬ΪһЩļĪⲢ㡣
Ȼսʿˣ΢ҲǿԵġ
ﵽǰֲΣóóȻսʲôĶ²ߡ
ϾԷǿѹˣѾ㹻Իʸ
ǹƵУǷЩĵ
λƻǵļƻҲЩ⡣
λĲΣҲǿܹһˣҲһҪԶʳ
ŸλȻˣҲ⴦żҪԣǱҪϱܡ
ƿһеİȻոճ֡
ͷԼķɴѾԷȫΧסͬʱһ˫޴ǯҲѾɴסȫʧȥһĿܡ
ʱĲĻǰ¶˱̬һЦݡ
һƽôܺƽ
ҪǵԴлĲ񣬺úƷ־ζɣ
˵˫ֱսطɴ治顣
ƫƫΪ࣬߶к̨£ʵ࣬϶̸һ̸ġ
ڲŷ֣Էѹû˿̸е˼
ǹı飬ƺ޲ýǳһ㡣
Բۡ
(bb)
·԰
ȵȵȣлǺú˵
ǣǾûеȵˡ
ѵǱıͨսʿԿסģ
Ѿܲôˡ
սʿĲ̬飬ѾȫռеĻʾ


735 ԶŻ
߼ķɴȷӵĪܣ֮ǰҹʹõһûսܵˮɴѾиֳɫЧˡ
ǰһƬרصķɴĻϵͳҲѷɫ˵ҷɴѾ߱ʹʥս׵սʿܡ
ϧ׿ȷǯǯס˺󣬾Ѿȫδˡ
ŷɴװױƿǼĿȭͷȥ󣬲ڲεķѾƲ
Ϊԭ򣬵һҲ൱ĳɫԼս׶ԼսʿһС鷳
վҲֻС鷳ѡ
ǶϵĸҲ죬ĸ֪ô
˼ʬ壬ˤ˵ϣɷ˵
ϵļʬ֮ɫǲû̬㡣
ֽŲõһ壬ȥ΢Щ㣬ֱֽŻõԣӵ൱ĵսԼĲٿ
ÿ˵ĲٿЧıϸҲ쳣
עԣҲȲּȫʣ¶ӵϸ塣
³˹ܶڼЩʬ壬˷Ҳ֮ɫ
ô֪ܶЩʲô
ڷĲ׽Ǻģ׵ľͷ³˹
³˹ܶҲû˵
ͻϮ֮ǰҪ֪λģεĵ֮Ի֣Ϊľֵһż
֪׽źŵʱᵽܹȲεǸż»ЩԤơ
겢ûʲô⣬ҹ֮⣬ֻͨļҲֻǸżܹˡ
ôЩѣ³˹ܶ϶Ҳǻῼǽżֱ˵ǵġ
ȻҲûףûԵ޹ʵİΪ͵ıҪ뷨
ֻںͶԷûЩİצˡ
ڵһηԶżʱҲ൱СģֻǲһʵսżзżΧ֮Уǵõһڵĸϸ
³˹֯һԺ󣬱ǽȫչ˿
Ȼʲô﷽Ĵãϵתȫûġ
ڸոշָϸʱһѰҴżĹУʵҲһϸĹлЩֵķϸ൱Ĺ죬Ȼ߱ϸӦеԪء
񾭡⡢Ӧ
һ˵ȫ¶Ǵԣȫ¶Ǽ⣬ȫ¶۾Ͷ䡣
ڽƴСʱһʵߵӳʵңһһɱʵеĴԱ
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ҪǵʱԶܹʵеӰ񣬼ʱ䶳Է֮еĻҪǱ뵽񽢵н᲻롣
Ҳ룬ųɹżı㣬õƼ˾޴ȵĺڿƼ
ȤҶеЩȤˡ
ԭһֱǵһվһߵЫ׿ˣʱȴ¶һ˿Ȥı顣
ʱǰļʬȻ³˹еЩƣҲеơ
Ϊĳ˵ϵļʬҲǴպõ
ȫû³˹ܶ˵ô졣
Ψֻ˵еǸǰצ岢һ֡
˵ǰצܿǸֵ˸֡
꼸λսʿﶼеЩء
ô˵ָԭǱһĴ󡣡
Ϊ壬ǱҪĻǴ浱елۣͱǱ˵޷ֶȡ
Ҫ֪Ǹոһ̥
̥ʱھ˶ʱѧϰ֪ùƿʵңȻɱʵеˣȵϵͳѧϰͻۺǻж£
ӵǿǿѧϰǿĶֱһ
ǵȷǾʲô鷳鵱Уλ»֮ǰҪһЩ׼ˡ
Ҳе˼ϵĵеأǶԷֶΪһ»ܿˡ
ȴȥ䶳ǸƿżȨ޵Сһɡ
Ы׿ЩȲ졣
Ϊ壬ǲ壬˵ڰֵûһ˵ǻԼŬн
ֵĻӶᡣ
ֵȷȷǱ޴ҲоԵسǱΪãͨشݽɻŻȫ塭


736 Դͷ
һڰĿռ䵱УʮӰȺ֣Ȼվְ̬צĵӣȴѽǹ
ʱʮӰҲڿٵĽš
֮սֵϲ㣬ȫʧԶŻѾ֣ǻԥʲô
ûΪѾȫγ֮£û뵽в
ΪǵĻȫƻ߼Ĭ֣ǱҪСĽС
Ѿǵ߼۷Ĵڣϲ߼żδȫǶֻ߼֮䡣
ܹѹǵͳһ֮ȷӦðա
ǰ׼ƻʧˣ壬ĸ߼ڿǵŲ

Ǽңƺϵֵĺԣȴ˭˵˭
ֻΪһλΪӴצҲĺӰȴһֱųĬΪȻ󣬲Ƿ
̫°ˣȺһΣҪѡ
ĻȷҲһ󸽺͡
һǵҲͬˣǶҪһԶŻ۷壬ļʲôȫԹ
ϧǿղƷѾȷľܾǣʾֻȤ
ǿղƷʣҲվǵĶ棬ҲǲȡԹۡ
ɨһۺΪ׵ĺӰǼ˵
ϵһЩǿĹӶսʿϵ֮жźպ
аţ
Ǻôһ̫Եˡ
ΪߵĻҲ˳ԥ֮Уаһ㵽ﶼὫġ
ȻΪɵγߣһ㲻ϵǳͻΪҵԴͷ
ѡأ
Ϊ׵ĺӰٴηȴвλԱһƬ
аţ
Ȼаǲ߼֮ڵһ֯иƣ浽ܣôоӻûڵĺá
ҪǰĶɱΣһٴһԶŻΪʲôȥѧϰǵзʽǿ壿аţⷽĴˡ
˶ٺǸĪļ˵
ңǲ֪аŵλͷĿʵǵӵԶŻλ档
Ϣ֣һƬȻ˻ȫƻ澹Ȼûбȫ

ɱʬ嶪£ҰһͣЫ˷ë¶˰ɭɭ˵
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Ŀ֮ĳһΪܵĳֹʱܹϢȺ崢
Ϊս
׿˻Ϊǲ׽ʲôµ򣬵ȴû뵽⾹ȻѾй¼ġ
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аʼƬ棬Ϊľǰ壬թ-ɵ¿ǷѾǧ࣬һСѪ⡣
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û뵽Ȼ깽ȴǷթ-ɵµͬ壡
թȡĳɾͣʵܿԶŻĿ֮
թߣаţѵ漰Щ鷳ļһ
Ϊ˵аźʾУǲҪģȴҲɷǵǿ
ǵġƽٲߡаûжٰ취ֻܻǣơ
ǵҲǸеͷ쳣ء
꣬Щס˰
ȥҵȱô
ѯƵ˵
ȻҲֻһСආվߵģǴ浱е뵽ҲŽˡ
ȥȱϲӵĿԺܸߡ
ֻǡ
ȥҪðɣǵĴһһصĻҲ̫ˡ
ֻпȶˣʲôʱ
ҲֻпЦҡͷ
Ա³˹̲ܶסˣ̽Եʵ
˵λǣ
Ŷû˵𣬾ҹ°СһӦüǡ
Щ˵
³˹Ҳ뵽λݵԣ˶ӿ½ģΪʲôȡ⣬ֻǴܵĳѡ
ҹ£
ѵǳֵԭһλǺηʥ
ѩԱҲеһ±ƣɫƯͫһƬãȻ
ԼǼһﵱƭƭȵСţû뵽Ȼôţôϻûƭˡ
ϿĿͿԼѩˣҲ촽Цһ˵
֮ǰҶ˵˵ģǲţҹǶʮһ;࣬ĳɾͺһġ
ʮһͣ
ǧְ
ѩ˲ɴ˸Ҳ֪ôġ

嫵ʱ֮ӵУûдС֮УһСֺ޴ĺڵ㣬Ǻһΰ֮гȥ
롰ˮĽӴԭܹһеĺڶ棬ҲȾһ֮ɫ
ƺҪ֮еһˮȥһ㡭


737 ޷赲
ȵҹ³ֵĻܹǰȼü֮𣿡
ڽʵ³˹ܶһڿˮɳƵ˵
֮治УǵĽѾˡ
Ȼţȴò˵
ʾǰǿԽģµǿ󣬵ĵزҲ˫һϵƽһⶼûС
ն˵
Ϊһ壬Ȼ֪ϵһĿ
ȫʢʱڵ߼ּĴܣҲǱҪЭġ
ȻԷóľĹĻҹҲͬҪ߼ЭʲôĺѣȫȴһⶼûС
Ϊ⣬Ż˿ԥûнǹ۲ɴе˶ɵˡ
СɫԲӰ쵽ľ
λҪעǣǻҪ÷׼
ûҹȻ㹻಻һ£߼һЩ£º֪ҲȽΡ
߼ӴĲ٣Ȼ֪Щ۸ڶԣϵôˣѾ㽻ˣô㼸Ҳôˡ
ϵһǿڣܹתڶ磬ܹʹøλ߼˵Ҳǻ㹻ļɵġ
ҹº͡ƽٲߡһһǿ߼֧ŵǻãЩϧҹ²ûС
÷ôʲôء
³˹Цһ
֮ǰֵ֮ľͷˣһ˲һƬĽӣȫһԪսֻ⼸λͬ޷ĥĴˡ
⣬ҲȻúͰ
սʿһλԽΪϸŸ۾ӰһЦ
ڵڿƼ⣬ɲѰ֮¡
ȻֻļΪǻϵͳõżһЩ߽ϼ֧֣ʵǻԵġ
ȱĿ
һ㣬ҴõˮɴֲȴǿԵġ
ָ£Χٴγһµķ֡
ҪսĻֳɵģҪǽˮսͨһҸǵϵͳ
ؼȷԾֵĲܹһʱ
ˣ
ԱҲֻǿʼļѣ˵˼Сʳֵǿ⣬Ծֻеˡ
һʲôģҲֻ˵Ǹˣ
αǿ֣Ҳȫսʱ״̬һķӳ˼ߵЧʡ
̶̲֮ھѾȫϵͳĸͳ
Źֵķȷ˽ϵƿȨ
ֻҪԾλȻһʱк
µʱ䣬ҲƵڶ̽˳ֵʱ䡣
һεĳֿɾ֮ǰļڻңȻһҺɫսĻֱӳ֡
ǵĸ߲ڶû˯һþȫǴָҵУڷɺ³˹΢˿ʾӰ˵
£ַܹ𣿡
ţԼļԸ߼û˿ĵ
ģսǵȷ𲻵˿ãһҴܽǡ
ļλΪսһֱ̫֮ͣʱ׼ֻĻϡġֻ֣˿Ц
ԾǨ״̬ȴͬӵǵķɴǲĹϵͳȫܹԾǨ֧㣬ռΰ֮ɼѹ
߼תڶ磬ڿռλҲﵽ˼£ΪܵˮɴԲ׽ֹڵȴһⶼûУ
ݴ͵ķվǱȽҪռơ
ڷѾϵ˷ĵ졣
һ쳣ԾǨִľ棬Ҳָҵеˡ
һֱڱս״̬ļλսʿʱҲ̼ʥ뿪˴գ̫еȴš
ҷɴԷɻлὫϢͻȥģζĵ˱ȻѾ֪˼Ĵڡ
ĿģҲǵסǰһѣ
ˣ
ԾǨԽԽԣƬնܹۿɼŤ
һƣɴ֡
صŪķϵȴҲǳ԰׷ġ
Ƕû֣ͨϵͳķϵͷ˸ֱֹЩδֵķɴȥ
˲䣬Žӽ֮һķɴûԾǨ״̬ͱƻĿռ䲨ѹ˷顣
֮ͬѷɫĸǿٴηԾǨ״̬εĶˡ
ˣҲﵽֱֹӽϵĿġ
ڸ߼һЩ˵ԾǨװãҲѲóľ֣ƫƫƫƵûзƬԾǨֱǳɹ
һȡЧ
һʱ֮ǰȺܵδΪԼõǾǸе൱ܡ
λٵĵ˿Ǹ߼սͺRPGF22һܡ
ԶԣĲȴǸе쳣ء
û뵽Ȼ֮ĵˣĿȴЩԤϣ
ԷľĲһĴ
ֻߣĻֹһĽӡ

İצǣ˵ļļ̶ֳܹȵ
һǱ½ԾķɴУһӴʱȴ¶֮ɫ
ӵͨѶУһƬİצָӹɳƶƽ˵
ǱǸû뵽˹ļǺʵģô׵Ծ
һߣһֱа겨Ҳͬĸֶ
Щɵĺ°ɣԾǨΧ֮óеִ
Ӷ֯һ߼Եǿ֯ÿƼһ㣬Ҳûʲô̶ߡ
ǿղƷĸֽףȴӵǿװ
װǿɸѶȵ񣬻øߵı꣬Ȼ»豸
һһ˵װѾﵽ߼żĳ̶ȡ
һΣȺצ˾ΪֹϴαȺ֮ңѡ˺ᡣ
аţͬؽӶӶ֯
֯ǿղƷйϵĽǸ߼ս
һҲ赣Χ֮£
ֻҪЩµ壬Ǳվ˭ԼܹõԼҪģ
޷赲


738 
Ѿ׽ٴγֵǹٺдʮ֮ͻǡ
һˣһЩսкܿµĲ׽Χ֮ڡ
ǸѾ˹Χֻ³ȶսߡ
Ȼֻһô
ӵıɴǵķֲ׷ֱͨ׽֮Ҳе쳣ĳء
ɲЩèˣ֮ǰ˸ֲóһ÷һֽˡ
ʱȴ뻹ʣҡ
棬Ǿͣһڵ䶼㹻ĴͼĨȥ
ҪصϢĻôˡ
̸γִɱ

ĺѰˣҹ£ʲôʱܻ

һ˸ֱӹᴩһװսǧ׵Ľֽһ㱻һ
ҷɴ㿪ʼŤ壬̫ճ
̧ͷңԶǿգҲֻܰ̾һ
ˣڸλķѾ޷ˣȳɡ
ʣµĽˡ
ų䲻ԼƣԸոԾսĻϵͳȷ൱á
Էѹ޴ֻ̲߷ķɴװװһһıѡ
Ŀϻоֲƣʱȴֻܱ޷γ˿ֿ
ŲĻ£פصķɴȴûһҳѶӡ
һЩųӵͨѶƵз
ˣǳǲѾֱԾǨнˡ
ûģҲһƬţĵȴһ൱
ҹµˣȻкĹ۲õȴȫʧ
˽衢ɢȱӦоС
һȴĪĲȫĵȱٵһƴͼ
ųܹȫﵱеĺ־壬˿ģڱһҵѽķɴ⣬ȴ˵ĴĿ
ֻԾǨʱô޷֣ҲӴĿӣǰʱô
һһսѵ費⣬̫д˿ĵӰһ㲥š
ɿȥȴ˵
һˡ
ػİȫǵְ𡭡
Ҫ̤ҹͱҪʬϿȥ
ɢǿҵļִҲ˼˵ԺС
һȺѪ⣬п־о£иĸк˵ľʿΪ˱ļ԰Ϊ˶ӵʱ䣬ȴûһҴѡ˳롣
ֻԭСΧŲƵĶܡ
ȻԶĿǰзˮƽҲȫܱܿǾ׼ĵ
ֻõĶܣȻ𻨲ҵĺ󳾡
һڻҪԱߵС콢֮ϣһλľЩµĶԱĮǰ˵
ǰ𣿡
λ곤һЩǰǻͷЦһ
ʲô˭£¡
ս˭Ըս
ƽ˭ϣϣ
˭Ը̣Ը̡
ǱˣȻҲֻˡ
ȻսǾ
̯ԼϾͲԸǣǵıˡ
Ǿˡ
ַ˷Լñӣλ곤ǰҲԼԼᶨľġ
ǰһĹҲո˵󣬽Ҵɡ
̫շӣһɲ޻ڸУ־ɳǵƺϵһӰ컥Ⱦ
ǲǣͬܵɾ־Ⱦ
һ͸塭ˡ
롭ǣȷҲˡ
һսʿºҲ¶һ˿Цݣ˵⣬̾ԾǨ״̬ǰֱȥ

ߣһȺͼȻûɢҲСǡ
Щˣ¹в
һ뿪Ծ죡
һߣӶ֯Ľצ˵ĽӣҲͬ˼Ծ
һҲֳɫ
һ̣ǽӺͻȻðĴ̫ЫӣȴǴһֲ
֮ǰص鱨̫վ޵ģû뵽ȻһֱǱϵ֮⣡
Ǹ߼Ƚɴ⧲֮Ҳ˲Сʧ
ȶ֮󣬵ͼ޷׽Ծ켣ǵȴޱȡ
һ뿪ԾǨ̾ͻᲹһڻǵɱ١
ĳ溣Ծ˵ٶ
ȫֳ˵ЩļսĴԪࡣ
ҲΪЩӲĳ֣ǼλսʿȴҲǳɹվ˽ŸʼĹ
ȻԭĵͻȴڸոճֵʱͱӰֱ
˿ûֵôԵĴ·硣
ǣ˵ʲôսʿأȻû۵ķﰡ
ҪɵЩצ˾Ǳ⼸ŪóԱģ
ĿֲӰգƺ֮ʹſ־壬ǿ־Ĵʡ
ɺϷʵĿǻʥս׵ļսʿ
ϣȴһ˿׵ӰӶûУԱѹ⼸λ
òǼ˶ĵױ䡣
û뵽ֻǵһĳԹͳ˼λ־ħ
ĴˣԼ¿ʥҲǶ֡
ҲΪռܶȹǿ˫ͬܵ޴£ķҲСˣʥսֲ˲٣ոյĽӴͻԱ
ǣӲȥô
ԭ̫ǻһֱɱǡ
ȻһӶɱǵǲӣǾ壬Ҳˣһµȥǰɣ
צһָӹ٣Цֻ㴦һǸѣԼ
̫վ޵ıҲȫɱˣҲѾҵǶص̫վޱ壬һҲᲽǵĺ󳾡
ǽ˵ɣ
Ȼڴʱһ궼Ŀ²Ѳ߮һƬսһɨ
ڷĹ뽢ͧȫᡣ
еĹѸٵɻع顣
Ƶս𻨣սкµƴ˵˾ͷһ㡣
һеһѸٵõս֮ǰ
ʱݣת
ȫΥΥһ۵ĿǰͷǰвӰĿ͡
󶼲Ľɴͷŵ޾֮ϣǵĿӰ
ֻǴʱԭ֮ϣȴ޾ı֮ɫ˽ֻǿһۣ͸оĶᡭ


739 
ԭ屬ѵսкѸٵƴգҲٴէ֣顣
սбȼճɻҽĴԱʱҲŻٴγʧĻع鵽ԭء
ȵһжȴһ˫ĿãȻ
겻ֱӴ۸ĵԣȻ˲ǰļ䡣
ǻΪҽʵξһ㸡Ժ֮С
ôˣ
ǰǸոǣ
ʿãĿԱͬãǰ֪Ӧݴʱ顣
֪ʣǻŵġ
ŵĸоá
һһƵĳ֣ԭƻǽǿգٴλָ
Ȼ֮ǰץסԾ͵Ϯѵ֮һߵķɴȴû˿ָĺۼ
ָҹֻվĿһƬȻڱǰԵַɴ
Ȥֻʱ뿪һ¾ͳô˼ô
һƬ⻪˸ƺһеǰ׽
ƺܷܵһʡ
צ形ӵָӹԼӶ֯죬ʱǸе˻쳣
ǿɲʲôûʶǿܹ˽ǰ־ٴĿ֮
Ҫһʼ֮һսЩʣµսóһңͿԶһ弶֮ս
ھԵļǰ֮ǰΪ߼Ŀռ⣬ѾĿԽֲˡ
ȻˣȽˮƽĽӣնӰ֮ʱȴǳһ֮С
߼ֵ֮С
һ
ô
λ˵֮𣬹Ȼǿÿ¡
ڰצӶ֯ĳĬλʼ˲˵Ŀ־ħʱȴǷ˾̰
֪ǰ֮ˣԼеĴڣҲ޷ѹĵ̰
λ춼ѵĺڰ֮Դף
˵ĶζԭһȺù档
ܵͷеĶ⣬ҹɨǼλ־ħһۣЦһ
ָ̧һĿ־бĵס
һ£ǳ֮ǰȫ֪µĴڣ֪ӵĴӻǶȻѡ񡣡
צָӹٹؼʱ̻Ǻܿ˹æԼ˼˳ȥ
˶ܹܵ־
ƺܵѣһߵӶҲæ˵
ûܹͶʼֻ˵ӵмСļҪֻΪ˽ǵͷǲ֪Ĵڡ
ȻԵķȴҲȻܹеЩ
ǶǴ߼żĿֲսǶϵҲӵ㹻ĻȨ
ڻֱӷҪʵǳûйƳֵĲΡ
Ҫ˵ж£ȴҲã
ǵĵǵĺ̨ӵ԰𳬼ǿߵĵ
ֶĪ⣬ΰĥѾȫʧֲ˻
ȻˣǾʹ˰Ρ
˫ʹ˰ּ̡
߿ҹָ̧ƺҲ˶٣ûнһ
ÿļ˲һϲ
Ϸ
ߣʱҲ˿ȻĪôҺڵȷʧֲˡ
ǹĪֶΣ似ܣоʿĪġ
λڱӻǣҲõİȫܵ۸ˡ
£뿪ҲνˣϾһǿµûҪΪȥ
ϵĸƽ⣬õеá
ǿһЩǿ͹ƵʱҲȨѡһ
ңվǹ󷽵õżΪѰĲγ²ߡ
ڡס˾λצһ廹ʵչʾԼĵߡ
ΣԼϣ
ǿԷһԹемΨԼԿףʧ
Ϊˣܲϧۡ
ƽƺ˵ΪżԼԸܸߵĽۣͬҲܹв֮⡣
ǽϧۣǽҲǲϧۣ
˵߼żĴڣһĳʲôҪƴػĶǾ߼Ҳһ»㲻㡣
⻰һҲǵǸеǾ֮ı䡣
ҼȻʵżҲνˡ
ûҪһǿС
֮ǰ裬һҲ͹ȥˣķܣǿЩʲô
Īһ٣˶һΣ㱻ʲôģȷգŭա
ˣվҪ侲ǵġ
һλ£Ϊ߸ϵĴҲͬˡ
˵ȴڡ
ǧǰǵʱЩҵеԣֻǸһʡУУĴҲһֶѡ
Ȼ䣬λõġ
һǿݣɲǵ˵˵ѡ
ޣϧۣҾϲϧۡ
ֻҹԺǿȴ¶һ˿ƵЦݡ
һΣ˲ߵĵףǱǾֵķ֣ԼѾȫ޷Լ־֮УԼͷ֮ڡ
޾ĶһʵĶħһһڵ˺ҧϵѪ⡣
ʲô
Ҫס֣
Ǿߣ
㲻
Źǰɡ
ڵġ
ô˵ģ
˾Ĳҽ֣ȴ޷ıֺ
ֻӵо״ݣʲôûеħһһڵ׳š
ֱʹȸ봩Ҫʹ֡
ѣȥУֻĿԼԼһڿڵĳԵ
ǹƵдĸҽеǶɵɴ۾
λ˾Ȼ£
Ȼ֪ǲԵģĪս治
ĵףȴͬӵһΪΪѪĳ嶯
Ī治ģԵ˿Խ棬Գֻܽģ
ôˣ
ͷɨһǰսȫõĽӣҹҲ¶һ˿⵫ȴĪĵ׷Цݡ
ҲôΪġ
ǡԼûгʲôʧ
ҪԼͨ۲조ƽٲߡãεʧ˭⣿
ƾʲôҪ
ޣСļѡ
ȻСԭ
ǣͬҲﲻ⣡


740 Ҳ
һɫа֮ϣһɽһֲΰӰ֮ϡ
ɫĻų㹻һĻ𻨡
ŻˣΪһͶӰֱǣ˱壬Ϥַ
ƺܹռ䣬ɨ硣
صصôȤ
ԱϣɽһĿӰֱʧ֮ϡ

һߣצ׶ǣһ̫տȥͺһֻСİצ㱧סĶ֮ϡ
Ǳסİצ۾λɵĿռ֮УڵӰҲٴεĸ֡
ȫ徲Ĭʧȥϵ
Ӷ֯ǱҲͬϢ
ǳʲô˲õĴˡ
ܶ˭谭ǻȡҫĵ˶뱻Ĩȥ

Ӷ֯һʱʯ֮С
һСʧôҪǶΣǻûصԴϳˡ
һλֹݺݵš
ξôˣ
ȻˣǱҪȥȺצ鷳ҪΪ鱨ʧʧҪ
Ϊס
˭ŭĳһص侮ʯĺʱ򣬵Ȼ㹻ĴۣվһҲǲԡ
ǶֹЦ
βեɣǻԲĻˡ
ǰĿϸ㹻Ĵ۵ĻȫһҲǲԡ

ǿղƷ
Ӷƺ񣿡
νˣǵõٴĺôͷҲҪǽвɹ

صϽ߼Ĳۣϵһֶ;衣
Ҳû֪һж;Դͷֻһļѡ
Ϣᶼûе±𣬰צһ嵱Ȼ֪һε˾ǵ֮
Ŀܾĳһλϵ
ΪֲֻεĿֲڣӵ˵ľֲͻȻԣ

ϵȴҲ޵еģͬǣ⣬Щûϵ߼ҲӵŸԴİ취
ֻǿԸԸ⸶ִ۰ˣ
Ҫ¸ĲõĽ֮צһԸ⸶һдۡ
ϧκδۣ
ĳתĸսʼۡ
ϵĵƲǿĹû
һλƺҪػһļ
ȻˣֻҪƽƹȥ͹ˣ
Ȼ
צһ忪ʼȫѵʱ
һλ֮ͣȴѾǻȫսĺϵ
սס嵥ԭ׶ǵİצȫһá
ǿĲ׽ܣҲͬʱ׽ϵǼ֮ԾǨ
ԾǨʧ
һӰӰǸеʾ֮ϡ
ǿƿ߼εԾǨţǿнԾǨǵһ壬ʱ
еضָһ
λĻܹݵǲȫΪף
ϵ֡ʣҲǱ¶ݵһأû뵽㾹Ȼš
һ񱩵ɨƬϵƺƬնڲ
Ǻ֮ȴԭ׶ǵĿֲ̫צһػޡ
צһ嵱ʧûбȫ𣬱˻֣ҪԭΪػޣ
ſھƬϵһ㣬Ƭ򶼳˲ڸС
ڴĿռܶ³ֲ
ȻԸȻûиı䡣
һЩпЩ̾Ϣ֣޾Ķ֮⣬һӵϤ겨ӰҲ֮⡣
һʼȫ޷֪ĴڣֱӴ磬Ӿ磬ĳǻͷкһ㡣
㹻ƭթ-ɵ£аŵ֮һ
ʱһʲô񣬳˱̬Ķҹ塣
ȻǻΪЩ룬ΪЩϿǣԲŻսѡô
һΣҪʧˣͬҪżİΣһ߼ܹܣ޷óݵģǱҲñâ
ļҳһĻδһ㣬ĵĶҹѡ
޾Ķ֮Уȴǲҹǲɶҡ־֮Уǿп̻ʧܵӰʾ
֪⣬ƺҲ޷ֹ޷ֵǿҹҲݳֻʧܵĻͷ
ɵ£㵱˵Ǽһǣû뵽ȻܹԼС
թ-ɵµĳֻǿаʾĻո˵꣬һ޾֮ӰҲͬʱ֡
һɺľ޴ĿĶҹչֳ۾һ
-ĦڵаһλʱΪףɹռػߵ壬ͬھĿ¶ħ
а쾹Ȼͬʱ
ӵԽϵһĳڣʤڶ棬ͬʱ߽⡣
ټͬӵĪܵİצһػޡ
Լһ߼ڼȫ㹻ƬϵĿֲһ
ǡƽٲߡڴˣҲڴˣ
ϵڵľɱֱ֣֮֮Ǻ֮ҲֹֻƵľ棬ȻÿһΣһλϵ䡣
ϤթߣϤζʱҲ¶ϤЦݡ
˵㶼Ҫ˽㣬ڷڵʱ򣬾֪ЩЦķˣ֪
רΪƣضֵ
㣬ûгΪ
ԣǹԹԳȫɣ
㹻ҹ־ֱӽп̻ˣֻҪһͷ˻ū²
ͻȻҹƺҲǸеЩ⡣
û뵽Ȼҿʼûַܷء
Ҳá


741 ֯
ơ
ҹƻӲթ-ɵĮ֮ɫ
Ȼһ̣Ͱ֮ǰɢ겨޾ӰҹΧ
Ϊаŵĸ֮һǶȴܹžһѵĿܡ
ֻҪͷ֣Լдʵͷ״̬лֲ֮дﵽڿռ䴩״̬
һԣϵ޷ƾһ֣Ѿ˲֮أҲžһѵĿܡ
֮ǰ겨ӰУûܱٶȻ죡
ԭһΪǴԺҵĵġ
ҹթߣҲ¶һ˿ȡ
ȻҵԣҲܹӵЩӰ죬ǵӰȴ޷ҽ֣ûʲô塣
թƺҲųʱ䣬ʱӣǽɢ겨ǱøӵĹֵҲӵӴ
ǿ憪£֪Ϳˣһǳɡ
-ĦڵƺǸеЩͣʧܣΪ⼱Ը񣬴ʱҲȫ͹˳
ǶĿ֮ųֻͷ̧ͷֱӿҹ֮
Ŀ֮ȦȦƣƺĿ֮ڵһжȾ䣬ҹ
֮ǰǲûмʣӦö˽ԷĴڣҲһ˫۾ǣǾȱȵ˭Ÿʤһ
-ĦڵųһȦһȦĲۣƬռƺʼŤ
ƺռ䶼һ㡣
ռ䶼Ҫһ㣡
֮ǰǰצһػޣƬĿռ𵴾Ѿ൱£Ȼ߾Ȼֿܹռܶȵռ䡣
ҹһεļ
Ŀ֮ǳƬ粣Ƭһƣֱҹȥ
ֻ̽ԵһУѾأ;ʯСǰƵĳ֣ʼˡƬ
ǻе졣

ѷֱҹǰ֮ʱͣӣС
ƺҹͺˮе͵һ㣬Ϊ
֮䣬ȷ졣
-Ħڵħۣеһжưܣֻһ̽ҹĿǰΪֹǿλƽٲߡ޷һ㡣
ǡֻȻӦ̽ڲſʼ
ڰĩһĹԭѾͨ˲ȫ顣
һֲѺۣ;һУҹ˺ȥ
Ҫҹ֮ġֽšȫϿֽһͬ
ڴĿռܶγɵĿռ飬չֳĿֲƻҲͬǳɼε
ռѺγһһ㣬ֱӼȥ
޿ƥУ޷赲
νġ̽ҹ̧ǰֱƵס˺ѶĿռ䣬䲻ôֺ
̽Ҫôǻ̫Сˡ
ҹԼĹĦڵ˿Ϊ⣬¶˲м֮ɫЦ
浲סԼ̽ȷҪ佱
Ҳͽ˶ѣ
ԣǹԹԻڰ֮ԴΪǵһְɣ
㣬ûһػʸ񣡡
һͶԶֵ˸˽󣬶-Ħڵſ֮ɫ
սԣǵλԼȵͬԼҲԶ
ֻԼʹˣ
ֺѷ֮ڡ
ѾȫưܣȫĿռѷ֮иûκεĿռ̬
ոպʱ򣬾ֱӴԽѿڣҹֵ֮ǰ
ûдСĸ£ƣͺָɽһα仯ҲӲһ
⣬аŵսѹթߵĴڡ
ǴԽưܿռ޿ɱ޷ֵľ޴ƣҹȴǲû¶ʲôɫֻƲ̾
Ǹö
һͬʱǰָ绯֮ϡ
ɾ۵һ㣬ȴƴʲôĿһ㣬һֱ۰Ƭռһ𣬱ֱʧ١
ָ̼ƽһʯȫԭ
Ƹոʲôûзһ㡣
Ψֻж-Ħڵʧһֱۣ˸ոյһвǻþ
һôȻƶ-ĦڵǶ֮һ㡣
ѹֵʧܡ
ջָҹʲô¶ûһ㣬ƽĿĦڵ
ԼΪֹǿߡ
ϧòΣȴ̫΢ˡ
˫ȷž޴Ĳ࣬ϧΪ֮е෴
ҲλҲƷһ¡
޾޴ڵթߣ޵ܹ˺ѿռĶߣҹϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ĵףʱĪĸֳһֲ״Ŀ־֮С
ԭҪ棬ҪǣǣƣҪݣռ˾ȻԷս塣
ȻʧȥеİȫС
һʱթ߶һִƺͲǶԷԼһ
ôܣ
Լ˶֮ΪμĴڡ
ĺ޵еģ޷ģ
ԷӦܵĻᶼûеģ
ܹһԽ⣬ȷǻҪлǣܹʱϹҲͬҪлǡ
թߵͷδ֮ʱһϵĲ֣֮İһ㡣
ֻһʵɫڿĽţƬնһıϣγһ㡣
ǡ
ܹı仯涥εļʶеһ쳣š
Сԭ
ǵǲ֮
֯ĺɣѾγһȫĿֲռ䣬˶һͶӰ֮С
ǰ֮ˣƬף
κδڣǰС΢һ㡣
Сϵȷﲻ⣡
ָһԭѾ۵Ķ-Ħڵ㱻ըѳĩ
ĩѸ̮ʧһԭ֮ϡ


742 
ԼĴŵһָɻҽթ-ɵ۵Ĳš
ܣĴ澹Ȼʱ⺣ܣ
թߵҹ֮󣬻ֶֹΡ
ԷȻǿȾһƬʱ⺣󣬽ԼĴ˽ȥ
ʱ֮˵ûνĿռС͹̶Ըάȵʽκһطܳ֡
ԷովȻԼɢ겨ʱͬƬȾʱ⺣˴˵ء
ռƣͶӰ֮ԼڵĴһ㣡
Ѿ޷ˡ
Ȼû˿̵㡣
ԼҪԵģǡ
ʵʷδֿµĸԴڡ
ܹдʷ조δ
еһж־ΪģһƬ־
֮룬עĽ
Ѿ
ûʤˡ
թΪһϸıң״ʱѾûκη̵ĵơ
Լǻ˲ٺ֣Щǰľ棬ȴ˵ĿЦ
ɣɣɣ
Ȼ߶ûһߵİצһ壬ȴѾߵ̼òᡣ
аŵǿ󣬶ߵǴ֮䣡
ȴڣȻһ㱻Էһָͷˣִ̼£ѾѾԼйк
άߡ
ʷԵΪǿĿֲ
յż߼ǿҲͬ
ܹһϵԲڵȫĨȥĿֲɱС
߼һҲٹ
Ȼʱߴ̼ŵİצһ壬ȴѾη壬˼ɵĽйб
־ԼΧڡ
ȫǷͬھʽ
ޣǷҪΪԼô
Ƭ֯ͶӰ統УҹǾԵȫ֪ȫܣթ߶һͷܹǰת
Ȼһĵ׳˾Ȼѡĳԡ
Щάߣȫİʾ£ճĵĿ־±ġ
һžܹϵ
һܹⲿڶ
Ϊζǲȡ߼سնвʲôΪֲɱڡ
԰צһĵ̣пϰٿάͬʱʽ֮£Ҳ쳣ķӦٶȼţǼ򵥵Ӱӣֱֱӣ
ٹ֮ڵһжữޡ
ٹԱֱϵҲǲֵһᡣ
䷶Χ֮ڤΪ߽ĻȴѾ൱һǧڱ̫ϵ
ţǿţֱʮ򱶣һǧڱ
ֲֿѹ㹻ݻκһ硣
ϰٵڹ㿪ʼ֣Կֲľ֮չںϣ˲һƬ
թԼܹͷ֮еԣĴʽݻ˺󲢲ûĿܡ
ʱҲ˫ĿͨҹĻᡣ
ʱ⺣ȾǺڰ֮Դ𣿣
ҵģҵģ
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ѾûԺԡ
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Ȼ޵Сֱҹϣ缦һ㱻һ顣
һж˵㣬˵ûάߣôûάߡ
Įȴݾܾ
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ɢ۽ǣҲֻĿҹһۣȫɢһա
ߡ
թȫɢƺһҹͷĻֽצһȫ߽⣬ս
гУսÿտҲƴûڵĺۼ
º󣬲ǻ˳־ͨ״̬
ȾķΧ̫С˵㰡ôʱЩԲˡ
ҪԼıͶתĺ֮УûһС
ûм֤ߣûйսߣһ㹻ġսͻȻȴͻȻ
ֻǿտ򡢿ռվսգ˵һС
ҹ׼ߣʱ漴ɫһ
һ֮ӰԾǨ״̬иǰ
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ϤĽ롰ֵĸϵֿġƽٲߡ˹ƶء˹أ
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һҹ֮˹ƶء˹ظƺ˿
СҲĴ󰡣ûûȥҪ֪֪


743 
Ǳ߰ڳһлҰɡӵ˹ƶء˹أҹҲЩ
Ѿȫ˻֪ļһ˵Ĵ󣬲ĳɡ
аŵ˹ˣϵɲǵĵ̡
վڡƽٲߡ˹ƶء˹ߵһλֲԱͬӵֶеӰһֺ޸鲨˵
ƺü򵥵Աʾkԭ
Լ仹΢Щ͡
ϣʵkǿԼ˹ƶء˹صϲǡ
ǻҪлǵĺء
ҹû˵̬ȣЦЦʾл
Ȼϵķ˸лҾΪѵˡ
˹ƶء˹ƺҹʶȤе˺⡣
ֲ˵Է׶һɫĸ߸Įе̬ͬȻǸǧ
ҹǷһ֮µĶ֮
üʱ㻹ãһͣҲǲƷһӶ֯˻ҷˡ
бҹһۣ˹ƶء˹ؼķṦΰ˳
ҵĻһ䵭Ըǿ϶ġ
ǣٲߴ˽ѵǣ̫ˡ
ҹæƺҪ⣬ȻܺԼ˲ˣŮ˴򽻵ʲôģԼǲϰ
˹ƶء˹վܶѾȫ˻˵ķϲҹ֮Ѿ¶ڱ棬ҲȫûǱɵֺǡ
ƺгɾ͸һ
ԱԱԵǿտȥˣǲ˿
ˣȻҲ֪ʧˣ߰ɡ
˵׼ͷ뿪ƺֻǿ˹ƶء˹صϽΧһ£ûʲô˼
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ԽǴﵽ˸ߵĲΣԽǻصʹ
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˵ֳ֣Ҳֻܱ֤ӵпʱȫ˶ѡ
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ҹԾƳһ۶ԷǱزò·֮»һ˫ؾXɡ
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ʶӲĵͷһ۶Է£ҹؾXĿԸ㡣
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ҹæ˰ͷ
ĻҲȷɹ˶Էע⡣
ǰԷȻһ㷴ӦûУ£ֲ֪òˣôþȻ滰кһ£
ʵһֱ˵ģˣǸԼѾˣ˵㣬Ҫлصع߰ɣպѾ͡
ҹŶԷʼ֮ʱߺҲûٴȥˡ
Ѿˣ𣬸ôֱʾȻӦȥˣǲ򵥰
˺ܴĴ۰ɡ
ޣǲаţҪһ𡭡
ҹԷੲݵȥæǿжϡ
ǣӮˡ
ʲôӮˣ
˼Ѿˡ
ҹ˵ûʲôȴҲûٺ͵kȥϸˡ
ܵҹʾ֮˹ƶء˹غǿҲٴܡ
ǰЩأթߵǺǿɴЩҲôʱŰɡ
ûǴǰצĿǡ
ǾԱһɨһİᶫˣ
һֻԶ뿪צػأ
ȻҲûſ׶ˣ
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ţӦҲһɡ
Ժ󡭡
ټˡ
ҹЦһλ룬λķϲ˶ǽӲ֮Уͷһҡ


744 ·
ɣɵ㣬ȻҵĸǣҲҼֳˡ
ǣһרΪҹ׼ݻУҹվŷ˹ƶء˹غǿ˵
һЩݻ͢ԣҹȫ㲻ʲôҲû̶ֳȵĽ
ġªУһλϵһλϵϵȴԵЩִٲ
֮ǰȷϵϢʵ̫ˡ
Ǹɵ㣬ʼʼȴǲòǸԽܵʵ
ΪϵΪӵһѾʱ⺣󣬳Ϊ־һֵĴڡ
Ƕʱյı仯൱̶ȣȻ֮ǰƬտȥϸ֮󣬻ܹոյۿһĸо
޷ţҲòóһۡ
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ͺǰϵһʱҲӵһøС
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ֽ˺ףֽƬƴջ˿ۼѶȴһԪ
ӵҲȻ˶ԷԸɷǼλ
֮ǰǲ࣬㲻ͰϵĶ˰ɣ
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³˹Ƕ˵Ǽʶ٣弶ĴкϵжǵͬģֻҪ֪ͷͶˡ
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ܶ鲻˵һ·ȥܽԼѹȺô
ֲ浥棬ֽܻİӣ⡣
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򵥣㷢չǧ꣬΢ӵеͲЩˡ
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ҹܵ뵽˽⣬ⲻ°ǸצĶôõһӦҲܹպˡ
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ǿղƷӵϵӰ췶ΧУ
³˹һ￪ʼһ˼ҪļôһһЩӦҲɡ


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ǿղƷܲһŴ⿴ȥѽɫ˹֮УĵĶ»᳡ϣһų϶ͶӰ˶ֲ̬ͬӰ
壬𣬵һͳһķΡ
ʮ˾ǿղƷ»ᵱʮλеʮλ
ʱⶭ»ȴԵЩأ˶ʱʱƳȱϯһλ
ҷζ»ᣬŸλΪʲô
һͷ΢ЩƽûëͶӰһֱ˳ŵĳ档
ǿղƷĹȨܷɢҲܹӵ˹Ӱĸԭ򣬶»ʮҲǹȨʮλѣÿһλһڶӵٿһζ»ʸ
˹ǸϢҲѾ֪ˣȻζ»ᣬЩˡ
һõͶӰͬĮ˵
ǿմ˽10%ĹȨתһ㣬˵˲õĳûһ˵ĹȨܹǿմˡ
ǿղǿղƷĴߣǿղƷ;ȴӲǽֲ˽ȥɼӰ
ƷҪҲҪ10%ĹȨk˨սӰչ;˶ˣk10%ĹȨδ
ǿձ˶ڲƷתȴһֱ˦ƹ񣬶»᲻μӶǳ̬ԽǾԽǶԵk⡣
һֱȥһǿղƷܹϵĸ䣬ȻͻȻȨϢȴһذը
ǿܹ֮һֱ10%ĹȨֻΪkӰѣk˲ûӦã
ҶˣǾ̯˵ɣƷ֮ȷҪkͷݻ
ѾӵϵȫŴ߼ɣǲƷľ޴Ӱûһλǿ򶼵ȷ޹ؽҪ
;õkĹȨ̫ˣֻڵkǰĿû˵ʲôû뵽kȻôߡ
ûkҪȨԣĶĸλ
ǰǸʲôһûĵͼ
ǸӵǿյǿҲͬ

˸ͷ֮ڳĶҲʼԷҾȻϵıȽϼС
ȻҲõǿԼĴϢ˵ȨתõĶУӵһλǿߡ
ȴûж⡣
ϵϵֻǿһλֻǵkˡ
Ŵ߼ӵԼϵǿղƷӰ׿ǿҲ㹻û˿Ӱתȥ
־޴ջ£ǾЭ
ҪΪµĹأǲǿϵĹȨҪһˣǿⲻµļһռݵһɶλ̫ˡ
ڶǱڵĬ⹲ʶĴȴ൱Ѹ١
ôұ̬ɣһܾ¶¼븽顣
顣
顣
顣

ڶԶ»ǿƽ10%ĹȨչͬ븽顣
顣
顣
顣

ãڵյĹȨӦη䣬Ӧøٴۣһ°ɡ
ţȻӵһλǿߣǻҪ㹻ӵģ۸Բ١
ǿղƷĹģ˵10%Ȩļֵʵֲ̫ˡ
ԣһ˭ö࣬˭ļֵ࣬˭ܻøߵĹȨ

ӵ˹ʶ£»ȴ쳣˳ûǰγƤΨһЩҲǺֵķ⡭

վֻһֳ֧񽢶ӵĴҹҪȵĸ֮ͨʼǿղƷ
ʱǽצһսռվռ乤Լʵʲôͳͳ˳
һֻ֮Ĩȥϵһ飬ûжֶʲôӰ죬˵ʲôֳɵģҲ
Ϊ˫ʵ̫ԵʣעĸҲȫв
ˡ
ȥƽһżһ㡣
ҹҲЩȻĥǲ취Լ浱еȺоԱŪˡ
ʱ⺣ȾԼĴԼҲ˲٣Լʱעʱ֮£Լʱʱȥ´һµСԻܹġ
ֻעʱҲȽϾþǡ
εĴȴѾȫûɶˣгȺҲԡ
ϾĵһҲҪƻ޾ĽĿ
ʱǿȴȫֲԱϣҲ¶΢һ˿Ǹ⡣
ǱǸˣǿղƷĶ»ƺͬǵõһݹȨҪǿչȥ
ǿҵСǮǮȥѷԵĶ˰ɡ
ǿգ


746 Ϣ
ǿվǿղƷŲСǣվΪҹĽ˾
Ŷǿǿ
ֱ֪Ӷȥ£ҹҲջһЩ˼ϲġ
ǿҲҡҡͷ
֮ԻҪԭ涯ˣҲһռݴɶʱ̫ˣվҹڵȼ̫Ҳûӡ
ǿȻԸĮվҲôãһЩɨһҲġ
УⲻǿǿǽģһԵ·ˣֻǿǿĻҲֻ
ҹͷĥһЩʲôվûиж
ΪĿĹϵԼʱʱ̶̿ӻŵǿѹҲֻѹһʱܽȼĻվα겻α
ȵĸǵĴ˵ɣԼģһǮԼ١
ڵһǵĿԱѾԼӴˣǵļΪĲͬƼЩһ
ȻûάֶɺܶõĲηȴǴﵽ߼ĲΣΪ˫߿ƼĲܻ࣬ܿ߼ûеĿհס
Ҫ֪ڴ浱ֻ£ҲܹÿƼӲĴڡ
ҹҲִ˲̥ȻԱ֮ǰļƿصϵ
Ҫ̥ʱڿʼչȵɳҪʱ䡣
ǵĿԱҪ˽Ĺ򻷾ͬҲҪʱ䡣
ߣܹЭвεǣرŰצһЩƼսʲôġ
ҹֻص˴۸ƽʹ֮ʱӣһ֧ˡ

ʲôֳˣ
³˹ܶŵĿǱĽ
ڸոȶɳ̽ɴѰһȥ·ǵһٴδ˵Ϣ
Ȼʧļû뵽ٴεõϢȻǵһǿռֳˡ
ֱ˼飡
֮УԴḻ̫ϵҲͬˣûʲô߼·ҲƬûʲôȤܴ㹻¸
ֳֳ̫ϵǻȥһµϵ
ûûǵıӸոҵ·Ծ֣ͱǽѯʡ
̽ɴĽĿɬ顣
ʲôˣ
ΪҹĴڣļ˺߼³˹Ѿ࣬е²ûһ¾ţǽѯȥλ˻㱨
ҡҲ֪ĸӦһ߼Ҳǲмһˣڷֲǵ˺Ķˡ
λȫΣȨ
Ҳǵʱӹһ١
һµĳԶ涴ڳ̫ϵǸ߼׼һƬҵȦ
³˹Եɣͨĳ涴ڣҲȻļϡ
ǿԽϵԶ涴ǸӵϡС
ԭ̫ϵµĳ涴ӦǺ£ϧȴȫΪ˵Ĵ
ûػסľ޶ƲΪǴ֮֡
ĸǵˡ
֮ͨ³˹ɬʵµõʲôõĽ
ƺʧǲû׼׼ɽӴԱ׼ӴĿǡ
ǱѯʵķԱҲԵЩƺΪȽϻ飬ǣ˼ʴҲһɫĻ˺ֲ̫ò
׼඼ɽӴԱǸҵȦ
֮Ի֪ΪЩѯ·˵ҪҪҲȥƺǸо͹ȥĶˡ
֮ԻѯʣƺǻһЩҲƺпܱս
˵пܱս³˹Ρ
ˣˣȥϢɣ²õģǻᴦõģʱ䣬ǿҲ˷츲صı仯
³˹ڽҲȥϢ
ǼҴҵĿʼѰҹͬʱ˱õĽѡ
ҲλΪƵĴڲʲô¶ܽԳվԺҲҪԼԽ⡣
ҹͶӰҲûֱӴţǴڰȫ״̬ŽأþͰͳ
ӵ˵ЭҲѾ൱ĵ
ɳʹŽЭһ¡
ǰȷȫûһȨͱֳ迼ʲô
֮ǰļιȥ̽ɴսԷҲʲô
ԼѾӵ弶ĲΣҲѾӵвСĵˣЭѾʸˣֻҪȥʱȰϢͨѶȥˣܹнġ


747 ÿ
˹̻ᣬһ̻ʽﵽεĸߵ涴ͨԴ̬ѵūΪҪҵ
̻³⣬ӵĹӶš̽ձԼֹȷսš
Ϊһϸ̻ᣬǶκζֻܹҪܹȷ㹻ʹóֶΡ
Ȼֶεľʱ䣬ԼĿܵĺӰȵأҲǶصķʽڡ֮ۡڡ
Խÿһε׬ģǴ黹Ǵ淽ۺϿǡ
һΣ̽ձŸݹ鱨ɹҵһµĳԶ涴Ҳ̻¶е쳣ܡ
Զ涴ڣһ㶼߼Ŀ֮£
һηֵļֵ̫ˡ
ǰҲһЩ̻ʵ嵽õϢ½
δĳ涴ڣΨֻ߼ռ˲Ų鷳
˹̻ҲǼƣǵһ⣬ҪҲҪ鹦̻ģʽûٶȽв뿪
ͬʱ̻óȦʼѰ¼
û˹̻Ტ׼ռ׼ϺһȨĳ߼
ûĸ߼ֲεԶ̳涴ġ
ϵǿղƷӵʮ߼ѵĶȻ˹̻Ҳ˴ȨӵһӰǿղƷˡ
ǿղƷĺúõģѾ˶ֵЭ̸ˣ֪ôģǿղƷĶ»һЩ⡣
˹̻ǿղƷڲЩӰ죬Ҳֻƺǿմ˵ĹȨЩϵ
õϢ˹̻ĸ߲Ҳ򲻸ٴȥˣǿմ˵ĹȨ⣬ʵԤϣǿղƷѾȻٽǿմ˵ͷˡ
ǹ̶10%Ȩ£û뵽ʱ
ʣִ£Ҳûʲô˼ЩСˣȻȻ̸ȴˡ
ԱЩӵȴĺҲ֮£˹̻Ҳò˱ѡ
һ߼۹
۹ӰȻûǿղƷǿȴǿղƷгȥǿռݹɷĶ£ӵ8.2%ĹȨ
ͬʱ۹ҲӵһλϵĴ
Ҳϵһ̻
ΪȨҵʽ˹̸̻֮кջõĺô϶ǲǿղƷġ
ֻڲƷǱ߳⣬ò˶ΰˡ
̫ϵ
Ļ򲻶ɢȣżĻߣңԶľǹҲֱӲ׽
̫ϵǵĹϣ½һתռվУڵȴ۹˹̻ˣȴǲһͶĿռϢ
ԭ̸У̻صǲһλܲãڵȴʱ쳣źŵʾҲƲͷ˸ⷽĹԱü
ʲôȺһѵҪƻɣ
һ۹̸ҪҶԷƷͬһԵĵ۹Ҫ϶ҲҪӡ
ȻʱҵĻ˲װױˡ
ҵҲضᱻǰӵȻϣСȻҪʡ
ǵģ˷̸еźš
ܵԱæ˵
̸У
һֻλܼĵҲ˸ıƵĿܡ
ѵЩһ뵽ʲô취
֮ǰֹļһ³ֵ弶
λƺҲ׸ܲôʲôæ˵
弶̸У
˵Ȼһ³ֵ弶λܼ༸޷ԼĶ䡣
ֵԼ̻ᶼҪȥ߼ֵѹĶ弶ȻҲҵǣ
ƽʱҲԵ޹ȥһ弶Щʲô
Ͼȶķʼ弶Ѿʸռһϯ֮ˡ
ֹؼʱ̣һ弶˵Ҫ̸С
ֱ֮
ǵģͨźǲΪ涴ģƺΪϵԭǸ
߸ҲͨѶ˵ˡ
ʱǱ³ֵĴӣҲѾ̫ϵ
꣬»صĸϵֻн̿ϲŻֵ̫ǳʽӵеĳԱҲԵ쳣ļ
ڴʱȴǴ˱ľ档
Ǳ水Ҫе½
ǿѾﵽ弶ΣӦҲӵԼһϯ֮ˡ
ֿʼǰ˷ʹģһ־Ȼ˶Դ
ϵɫҲЩѿ
Լ˵ĸϵ


748 
ЩŭɫӰ˹̻ḱܲòһ
ȻǺЩһģһõʲôԵô
ȹѺҪǳײ˹͡
һжԽӴΪأ¶Ҫƺ󡭡

ת֮ǵļ䵱УȻ㲻ǽյķԼڲȴűĴ
Ϊʹ߳еԼǿеļȷŭ
ԼǴųģҲûֳָ£Ǵ̸еĳ⡣
ɽʲô
Ȼ˵ֱ
Ȼ˫ȷв࣬弶ѾĶˡ
Ī裬ܹõʲôô
λٴͨһ£һݶ飬»ĵġ
ѾԼ˶λ⣬û˿취
Ҳû¶̫̬߰ȷ弶Ա̻˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
ô˼Ҳһ弶ʹߣλǲԼܱȵ˵ġ
˹ְ̻ҪѧϰľĻ
ֻǳʿ֮һԼǣΪԼκκô
ֻǷ£йͼֻίλһˡ
䲻Ӷٸ飬ôǽĴŸһ
һ£һԼײǹڣǿΪǡ
һλʿҲͬʱӿ˵
˹̻˵Ե£ҲҪԵ޹ʵľ弶ֻǲˡ
˵ĺȴԼҲе൱ı
׼ѯһЩ״Ͼ˿ȥܹӡ
ðɣǵҲֻԺ˵ˣǲ֪̻׼δĸϵˡ
һ˵Щղˡ
˵ģ㲶׽һЩӣűȽϻҪѵɽӴԱһʼǹҪˣʵҲνƣһӸӻһЩҲûɶʧ
弶Ҳеֵˡ
ѵѾչˣһ˴ĻŻ磬ѵʩͶ롣
Ѿ˲پʱ䣬ۿϾܿʼˣҪ⣬Ͳһ弶ܹ˵ģ
ˣֻҪĽǶܹܡ
һº˵ɵĻ
˶ԷǱ˼ԼĵҲٴЩѹƲסŭ
ԭԼĸǣǿֳ˲˵ǿнūѵ
ҲˣֻҪܹɹҪҲ
ڻҪرץˣȻҪԼ߸ۡ
ֱ굽Ǯˣ
Ȼڻֻ弶Ǳ޴ӵҹµ֧֣δ
ԼǿӲ˵ֳŵĻȴǱÿSB˼ۡ
վҲûж򣬶˵
ҲֻСආľҲأǵǱܸߵĻҲ˵
ǿҪĹؼĻ
νĸǾͲҪˣǵ򡣡
ûȻԴͻֻһ㣬λȴǺܲҸǱܴ󡣡
ѾͶ൱ľԴˡ
һһ͵˵һ󣬱ǲٽᣬ˵ôѾˡ
ǴС̻ʽǲóóȻ治£Ϳʼˡ
ʲô弶Լһƽʱûɶͻʱ򻹿ЦЦͷͻǸƨ
ѵūҪҪȥҪҪȥ
ƾɶ
Ҫ԰
Ǯ
ʱλͨѶװõҲڲͨѶ
λע⣬۹ĴϾҪˣ˶ٴȷϲҪ
M14Ҳˣ֧Ⱥġ
ȺĺƤӾȻ˵Ǹֶ֪ǵķҪָ
֮ǰǷ͵ǸϢˣŽڹġ

˵һ£ڲͨѶƺЩ
򴬲ڱЩһҲеһͷ
ǹƺΪ˷ֹᣬ˹ĿռźŴݣԷڸĴֻ׽ˡ
ͷȻôһϷ
ƫƫû취ȫӣ
M14ҲһЩǵԻ·Щ⣬˼ʽΪȵ˹̻ȫͬʱһЩ޷¡
ǣǷ񾭵ϳս£ڻû߼ǩʲôЭǾͿˡ
ǾһȺñ˺ãۺµå˶Ҳɵóġ
ǸϽȺһȴǴȡ
ȴӦǣʱǻ˶ˣϽҺM14Ʋ塣
ǱߴŽȷӹҲ˹̻һͷ
Ȩһʧ׼ԽСһֽʱ䡣
ȵ۹ЭǩˣǾͲںЩˡ


749 ǹ
ľתռվ⣬һڣǿմ󱳾ºױӵķɴռվ˶Խӡ
һȺƤڣֻݺ۰ǰɫӰӿڡ
M14ǶԻ·Ѱе󣬾˹̻ôǣǰʱǲԶԸǸ弶ֶԸǵġ
ҪȺԻ·ĺһܡ
ˣλѾǹĿġ
һλĺߴﹾ˵
һλҲŵ
ûΪǵķġ
ޣСȻһʱ±Ǹֳˡ
컹ȣſǡ
һĿʼīţ˹̻˶е쳣ͷ
ʼ˵ǹȷֻһתǸǣ˹ϵ
Բۣôȥǿ϶Ҫ˵涴ȷ˵İɣ
涴ڣڵⷪʱͷˡ
һ仰һһȺ˹̻ԱеһΡ
Ƿĵ̣ȵǳɳ֮һͬģû뵽ڱǺһš
ҲǽģѾôãͶô࣬ȷҲռһĹȨ
˵ǻ۹ɣһҲͬġ
ֻҪɵĹɷݡ
Ǳһһ͵˵꣬ڳһ˵ı飬һץ
ȨҪһ۹ѵʡ
ʣµ㿪ھҪɣ
⻹ܿڰ
ãѾʱȺܲĵ׳һƤЦⲻЦ˵
ǻ治ɣΪʲô˵ǣһϵûء
Ѿˣλһ°ɡ
һ˵꣬һҲǹȺ˴
ȻʱҪˣͷе˲ЭתƵĳŵǻǾЩһΣϾ˶ǰȺϡ
Ҫ֮ķ̫ˣһ߳ŭɱô죿
Ҳ˵棬ĵҲӵԼĵ
ֻҪȱ֤û£ͷĺˡ
Ǵδ˵ʲô
ΪдʹߵԼһ¹ڣһ˿˵
ȺóȲϵôŵذ壬ƺǱһߴ˵
ôܹȻԼŹȥǧ꣬ǵȷѾǩЭ飬ЭĸӰ涼˹ǿ
һ˵ţһϵһ΢豸ͶӰһӰ
Ӱݲ࣬һͬһȺƤĺǩʲôһվڽϽ·һȺĤݣ⻹һŰӡԼ
ԼǿӶҪɳˡ
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Բۣ
ĪȺ˻
ǿ˼ǧǰķӺ
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󿪿ڴϵ
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ǵˣиǧʱʲôĺ
Ǳȵĺû˿˵ƺǵƤҲ졣
ڵԼĵҲһȺ˲֪ķչݱ䣬νǧǰԼʲôģʵѹͲʲô¡
Լ˹̻϶Ҳ֧֡
ΪʲôҪ˵
һ½ʱһߵϢεڵˡ
۹Ĵӵִ
һҵɫ˸һݻޱȣйһ̫շɴתռվ֮⡣
ȻתռվֻһʱԵĻأģҲҪѰɴ̫ˡ
һйһķɴȻ˿ռվ֮£
һй֮
Ȼֱӽռվڡڡһն󼸵Ӱ˳ǡֱƮ˿ռվڡ
ǹʧԭڵĿնȻȫָʲôûһ㣬ƸոֻʱתƵĴԪ޷컹ԭ
߼Ŀֲϸ̵֮ܿĿֲ
һλŻϿȥѩޱȣ۾ȴѬװ󣬻˹ʹߣʥս׵Ļ
ԼЩʣȻҹ˵ļλСƣ
廤
߼̵Ŀ֮˲˳Щӽ߼ǿӵ߼żĴڿġ
ôôˣ
λֵʹߣƺЩһ㣬ĿһǰȺɿɿǼ⡭


750 
߼Դİ⻷һ־ֳһƬžЩѵĺǶʵʵ
ԭصĶ˹̻ĸܲÿڵ
𾴵۹ʹߣ˹̻ỶӭĵڵֱǸ
˹̻ĸܲҲǻǣ֪ܺЩ島ȥֱӿʼ۹Ĵ
ʼĽǶȶǰ˽͡
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ţ
ǻӰƳȺһֻۣһȻȫ޷ڡ
Ⲣʵ˵ѹȣݴѹǲ֪ӦӦԣ
һȺѣҲûʲôģ°ɡ
Ļ˻֣ȺҲֻǴ۵Сۣվ涯ˣǻǿӲĿ˵
Ƕ۹ҲǾأԽԭóʾǸ⡣
˵ĺֱףҲ˵ĺܿ졣
ֲҪΪ˹̻˶ıߡ
꣡
ǵȻʲôûеİھóһɵ󣬿װǰ
ңڣҲ˵ֱ׵ĵط
ûʲô£˼ҵȷǱȽǣ˵óһ棬һšֽڵ¡
浱˼߼ⷢӣ
λ̸У̸еĳɼ϶ҲĿ˵ģȻҲҪø档
Ȼ߿ھ͡óһǱߵλ۹ʹҲת̬ȵ൱졣
ȷҲǣٵͼҪ汣ġ
һ˵꣬һ߿Աߵ˹̻
۹ʹߣ޾ĵЩͼǰá
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ڲҲֵÿϷװôȨֻҪȥһͷ׬⡣
ˣ涴ǰڿǽУеĺάҲǽУȺĺڹǺľӪɼܴﵽǵһͲˣ
˹̻ĴȻԵľƴ۸ȥоݵľٳ˸ַء
ȺڹǶóһɵõҲûǺࡣ
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ûϵҲμӰǼǵľӪǷһɹȨǡ
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ֻһһֱԱߵ͸˵ԼǿᶼѪˡ
Ҵδ˺޳֮ˣ
Ⱥһǰ浽İ
Ǳ˹̻Ĵֱɱ˵˼ˣæ˵
һɹȨǲܵģԸ˳ˣΥҵ壬Υ£ҲߵǿղƷֻǧ֮ĹȨҲٲõʸ񣡡
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ֻһ貵ɫһǿղƷͼꡣ
·𲽸ֳһƬ֡
ǿղƷȨ10%ӵߣ


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۹Ҳû10%ĹȨģ𣿡
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֪ͨҲѾִԼѾ10%ĹȨѾᣬӦƷȻҪ涴Ǿ涴Ϊ֧ۻǣҲˡ
˹̻λܲüȻѾһ·ߵڣȻȻҲҪȫΪԼ±Ĵ롣
ǿղƷ10%ĹȨԱǰ涴ֵȫͲһԪĺòá
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û˻ϵࡣ
ǱҲӵһӰȺĴڣǿղƷĶ»Աȣȴǲֵһᡣ
һѾعһֱĬĬԹ۵۹ʱҲһ۹⿴λµĸܲá
ܲһЩԼ˵Ļȫ˵ˣȻԼҲҪһܹġ
ǿմһΥĹȨףҲйģ֪Ǳվϵϵƽٲߡϵİܲϵ
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752 á
ԼΪһʹߣѾ˽˺ܶģ֪λҹݸ߹ʵǿ֮ǰַĸ߼˶ƽ
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ڣԷȴǿղƷеĶ£ϵеĸ߼ѹȡ
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753 µĵִٶ
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ĻֻһǢ̸û뵽ﾹȻǸ˹Ȩĵͼ
£еȻͻб
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һĻÿһֻҪЩۼɣֻҪʩѹԼ۱ȱը

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žણСűˤ۵ƨɣǱϥĿϸռŨȵҲСظ˿

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۹ҲϵǿӵϢصһ
ԣǵĲȫƻۼγ壬һڶҲɹϵһĿ
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755 
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756 
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ʵ˻جج˹̻ḱܲãޣڰ˳λ˳Ӧ˹̻ᶭ³ִܲõӰС
ȴҲֻãȻľȻ̧ͷǴźЦݵӰһֻۣܻеԵҡͷ
촽һ仰޷˵˿ûнϲãججľȻ
ֱʱҹǻͷƳֳǿߣλߣڲ̺ſֲΰĺɫӰ
˳ɨһ۵k۹ԼǼλľ廤
͵ת˵Ҫ̸̸ǿղƷĹȨ⣿
ûʲôƽͣͣλȫȨ̸е۹Уȴħĵ죡
µĴڣΪ־һֵȻ֪ոնԷһһʲôþҲʲôŻˡ
һᴩջ˹̻׶ǣ
˳Ӧֱ˹̻׶ǡ
ȻֱһȭᴩգֱӽֳԶĹ
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Ʋͷ˴͵˹̻䣬ҹ˵Ҳᡣ
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757 ڱʹϵ
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۹Ѿٿһζ»ôһΥˡ
֪Ҫ𣿡
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ǶԹȨķʲô˰ɡ
ߣڽǿյ10%ɷ߳󣬾۹ĹɷߣҪĸ߶ȡ
ɲǣ˭۳ĸߣ˭ʸ񡣡
ʣ10%ĴͷɷҪ·ʸǵļ߼ȴҲмڵ״ˣ׼ԵһȨ
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á㧥;)Բʲôң
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