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1 
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2 ĩ
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3 ƻ
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4 
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ůĸоתֳĸõ˼ԼٶȼϵİܣȻߴӲɥʬΧȦɱ˳ȥڵҲˮһġڳ嵽ͣǰʱʣһգǰδеУ
ҺãǰʮѾûɥʬӵǰ


5 168
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龪һֳ̤ӵ·
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ΣҲСʱ䣡
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̧ͷ⿴˿ֳԼŸոʻ
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̨˲˼ĻһܻǸӣ˵λȷʵ˵㡣
ͣȳֳѸͻԼĳ͡ǡԱСЩͰŲ˷ѵԭ԰ͰҲһˡ
ҪǮͣһЩʵڶԲԼ


6 ʳƷϰ
Сĵš˸ӺֳСͰͷŵ˺Ȼ˳ǡ
ҪҪվһأҵԵĺȵҲð
ſһ˵ļվֳЩĶﵢһᣬԶɥʬѾε˹ԥһºǷ뷨ϾվǳУҲûʲôûҪȥðա

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ɶʳƷҿġ⼸ץʳƷҪɼС졣ǸʳƷֻԱܷͷʱͣҵһܣѹ˶򷢻ؼˡڳﶥһŵģбˡ
ܷͷôǼʳƷûȫ֤֮飿Ǻɣ
ֳտʼûӦһ²ŷ⡣


7 ʱŵ

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ûˣôһ㣿ˣбĳԵҲУܵóԱɡֳûע⵽ǿı飬Щν
ǿ̾˿֧˵ģҲûˡ


8 ֲʦ
ûˣڸ˵ʳƷӹûԵģ
ֳùŹֵǿȻĽͺܲ⡣һﲻóЩӲɵĻ˵Ҫһˡ
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ֳʱŭˣŮӡҲȻ˼㡣
ǰܣղʶԼǿֳ̬Ѿ֪΢ı仯ݵԥ⣬лһҪһѿ
Σĩ٣ЩѾ֮ǰǸ粻ͬˣ
ף˭
ôһ֣ע⵽ֳĴڡĿֳһۣתͷԼ塣
ǿһ㶣ŷԼܣЩεĵŶλֳֵܣǰ·ϾңȻһӵġ
ԭİˡ
ǿʱʧȥȤתͷʼʲôθڵʳƷ


13 ȫƶ
˵ʲô㣡ֵܿǸ֣ɱüɥʬ͸ҿ㡣
ǿȻԼλֶƺС軵ˣƢôãɸϽһ䡣ֳ֮ǰɵɥʬĳ滹ǰصǿɲֳ
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²мƲƲ죬ֻ侯ָ֮˲ܸɥʬСı飬ƺֲ˵ЦµﲻЩҡˡ
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ôá
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ǿԹһ䣬Ȼ󲻺˼תͷֳӣҲϡ
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֮ǰ·ʱʣµģ۲һ
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ǿɫ׵ˣȻ˴̼ʱֳע⵽ȶڷû´ĻɥʬӦñԤƵĻҪࡣ

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ȷʵЩ鷳ˡ
׼ֳ۵ϸʱ򣬻ǱɢɥʬһӵĪԼʮֻɥʬΪʱ䲻ֳܴ¿ǰģ˿̣Щɥʬʶεţʼ볧ӲԶҲɢʮɥʬ
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һʱ䣬ֳΣûµıɥʬ
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˵뷨ֳܲµһ㣬ȴûǸ˼ƽʲô
һʱôһζ
Ѿϰߵֳٴʧһҹº˵ûûεһ˯Ҫʵֳ̫ۣ˻᲻ʲô
ֵܣҹʲôûô˲ҽһ
ȻԺȶǿĺȦƺʼվûȥ
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ĴȼţԽðĺ̸һյĸоȻҲšԺѾ˲ٻҽǱٻٵĽƮɢġ
ˣǵĵ˾ıվڱģ
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û˵Ļˮ½žҪͣҵҲղϢˡһʲôʱ˾ԮƻԼȴòϢ
ϴγȥʱùʳģôҲҪŲֳ̄Щա
ӦΪڶγ׼ˣʳƷҲǾ԰ݵĵط
ֳʼϸӳɥʬһǣһҹʱȥɥʬͻȻʮֻо󲿷ֶڶǽһӵźͶǽⶼ˴ɥʬЩĿεĹֳͷƤһ顣


14 ɥʬڽ
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ֳȻ۲ʱֻɥʬʹˡʱûףһҹȥˣȻ˱졣
ѵΪҹǸùԵʣ
ŹͷɥʬԾЩʵѪֳԼ˸ۡ
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賿һЩʵΪǿɥʬרȷǾһνɥʬƶٶȽϿ죬ݣʵµֵͨˣǵҴһҪ߾衣ڼӽоԮƻĵȴҪ
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ôɥʬҪȥҲҪٵһʱ䰡ǿҲЩ⡣
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ֳһѣǿʱӦƿһ䡣ʱףΪʲôֳҪȥˣûҲûˮ
ؼǣûһͣˣӾͳ˷ƷҪٽϢֻϵĵ̨Զһ󣬵ȴһֱûô͡һҪΪʧ˾ľԮߺߣʱǿȥɣ

ºɵˣ֪λش
ֳﳰЦһҹͣҲͽɣһͣˮͣ磬Ǿͱ뾡жˡ

׶±ʱָ
ԭ׳ΪѸڲĵһͲұȾεĸϯ͹ϡ
˾ͽԺʿΣĲǵҵ𣿡
ϵβסĽ㲣̶̼ʱ䣬͹˿ھм˴룬ϸоױȵѹˣһֱڴߴǰλпԺԺʿоȨ
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ҹû۵˾ͽԺʿЦһѪ˿Ϊ˽ǰûٱǼ飬ҲСıȾ
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üͷ˾ͽԺʿĻǲڿɲĩǰ塢ڵΣʱ̣ÿһ붼ɥʬɥҪǼĽӴ֪˾ͽԺʿˣ˵ˡ
ѱСʱǾͿʼԲȡʹǰѾ˽ɥʬͻȻ˱죬ԭĲʱҲˡǽһоֲ֣ܲȶٶ൱졣Ҳ˵Ҫݲо缫ѡ

Խĸоͷʼо磬ҪɥʬսΣɾ̫ˡ
Ѿȷ˲ķʽԺо
˾ͽԺʿĻϵע⣬룬˵˵
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һδȷȴǰһ
ĻǸԭɳĮθ˱ȾɥʬļʻһЩݴӻԭƹԭ½ɳĮȵõ鱨ҲһǺϵġ
ֶζЧĻᡣ
ܺãǵоǽжаϣٽʲôҪһܵ㣬ȡз硣
˾ͽ뿪Ͻֽ˾㱨н
н׶ľԮƻеˣΪʲôڻûнϵĻԵ˼
Ǹ
ʮнľ˸Ȼɳ˶ʮ˵ľӾԮҳ˴ɶԱֱװײӣܼƾȳʮ񡣽ֹĿǰԮڽУϵʱûҲѾ£˽ˡ
ڸ˵ټıǧˣ;ȳһ𣿡
϶ԾӵĽȷǳ
ǲʵϵľԮ̫ѡֺʸϣ̱ͨʿҲձη׶˿ܶʵ̫ˣɥʬǧǡ̫ӴˣټɥʬǵֻͷĵطֲѾһȫȣ糿ͽʼģӪȡ
죿һ䣬ֻǻһ̾Ϣ


15 ѵ
Σĵ죬賿ĵ㡣
˯еֳžžવѣݶϷֳеԺķע⵽ⲻ֪ʲôʱѾʼˡ
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뵽ֳϽƿţߵ¡ȥԾһƬ죬Եõѹơ
ܹ죬ָĴܱ׽Ϩء

𣬽бŴ˹ֳմȾصĲǸϽط˵Լڵһʱ֤ӵп壬ֿȻ޶ȵģȻҲڱɥʬץӺ¸Ⱦ
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ǿֳһۣЦҲ֪СҪɶã˵ײͣ磬ͣզǾͣһ죬ƽʱҲûʲôɲɵĶ
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ĩΣѾ죬ֳӭ˵һ졣ȻдŵĻƣô̫ܹյأ
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йºҲɵˣ˻ܷ⣿
Сֹţٲ˶ֳָָ㣬վ˵ʲôֵĻˡԼԼľٶЩڡ
ֳ֪ʲôֻǶվ𽥽һҵ״̬ôõĻָᣬֳϾ˭Ҳ˵ͻһֱȥһͷҪԳЩɥʬ֣Ȼһг㶹սϵ϶ֻһգ
ԣһֱôȥɡ
ĳλŮҲֳʱ䣬һֱȽϲáǾ·ݵ磬վ̫չЩֳȴôãֻоԼڵѾڱͣյõܵʱҪһ࣡
Զˡ
·һֳֹͣգ΢һΪʱվЩӲֽţᶯȥ
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ܸɱɥʬ¡
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ɱɥʬѵҪǽȥǧɥʬ̫ˣֲ֪˫ȭѵСǿֳһʱ嶯ϽĵȰɾʱȻֳ³˸ղŵĽ⡣ֱϾͶһ̶ŵɫڹܣ
ʲô
ǿΪԼۻˣۣٿʱԾɳ״


16 ǻ꾧
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㶹裬ǿֻԼԼۡ۶߸ˡ
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ֳ֪Լܣϣ˽֪бҪǿҲת䣬ǹȻðĺǿ͵һǿʶԼղŵʲôɴΪڡֳȻ󣬿ɵǺԲСԼȻ˼ҵ⣬ֱ
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ֻܶȱ֮ǰϡࡣΪӶɥʬѾȫɵˣʣµҲʮ⡣룬ҪͷҪָˣֱƾоν˷ѡ
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17 µıǿ;
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ΣӶѣλãҪЩбµҲˣԼҳţȴֿտұ˰æǰ£
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ԼѾֳܴӣ⻹æǿԼѾȴûѹûʲôֳֵæĵطֵСˣų˷ʳû;
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ֳһۣ±۾û徻
Ϊû˴ţֳһ˯ĵ㡣۵ʱѾֳӵĻһ壬׼ͽǿһš
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ڳתһȦֳ¿ƤԱҵǿ˿̣ϴһմ۵ף޳
ϳ˵С⣬ܻ᲻̫ʹܴպϡ֣ҲͻôƤë΢רҵЩľͲˡ˵ţǿת˳Ȼ󷢶ƤһºĴ򿪳ţֳˣȵʱС
ֳ˻֣Ǻãͳҿ㿪Ƥں棬γȥҪ˵㶫
ȵȣҲȥ
˰Ὺڴźϰʱ¶˾ġȻǱƵġûĶ˺һȻǿעһƤ
ҸҾͲȥ
·޷޵˵һ䣬ȴйζ
ǲֶϱ
ǿϾʹ㣬ٲ³ʲô˼ɵԼֶӵӣûֱ˵ֻЦһֳ濪ʳƷȻĳȻɥʬע⣬ܿ㱻ﳤȥԶԶ˦
һ̣½˳Σյĩ


18 ˮͣ
ûֳǰѾԼˡ
Σձ磬ǿռһʳʱȻңôܿǵģڵãһƬšû˴ɨ·洦ɼҶͱƮĻҽŸ;Ϣ

Ⱥʻ·ϱɥʬǷ׷׷˹
ǰ·ǿտʼʱЩ£ɥʬмݳ˼ɿֳļײǿҲѧ̫صƤÿһײɥʬᷢƵ죬ҪǶû׼Ҫǰˡڴղһɥʬ϶ĵطضɥʬܶԶûôߡ
ǣǣ
۵Ƥ˦Ѫ̼˳£Ȼ˹ɱ塣
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Щְ
һνɥʬٶѾȵͨСˣҲг㶹ֱɱȻ⣬㶹̫࣬һκǳʱή١δֳ붯㶹ֻ֣ĵˡ
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ֳܣת̼䣬ͷӦٶȶһΣΨһҪעľǱɥʬԼ
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ʵֳҲûôǿҲǸͨˣֻһܣӸ԰ˡ
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ϴʱѾѳԺȵĶװ˴복ʣµĶͲ࣬ٱ˶˱Ǳϴٹһ㣬΢еõĶߡ
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ǿƵ̾˿ܿ콫ûϨĳԶɥʬѾΧˣߵĻȻҪ硣
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ֳ΢Щԥͬˣ˵ɣɥʬȥװҹǡ
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֪ǵﱾûɥʬǶˣ֮˿̵յġ
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ֳ˿һʮһˮͰϳ˳㲻˼Ͱǡ
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ԼҪĶ㵽ֳֺԴȻ뵽һ硣ȻûʲôøУ˼ҼȻųˣֳҲŵ԰æ
ױƷ
ЩУɺŮʿºͱҩûˡֲĴУʲôеġ
ΣΣ
ڷɿİᶫʱȻ
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²ϵֻһȦɥʬ׿˻ĻһæңǰҲ߰˷ӣôôͻˣҺҪĶҵˣԵĶҲ˰복ûҪðռᡣֳǿ֣˿ʼϳء
һ˻˳ĳС
Ȼ˳Ż·صʳƷʱ˭ûע⵽Զ·ߵϴ˫۾ǡ

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ֳһߺǿжһʵ
ϸϸױƵĵݹĻ˪ͷҲ̧ĵǸߺͻȻͣˣҲˡ
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ڶϵ磬ֳѾ׼ˮӦ֧һᡣ뵽ɿİˮͰȻʼװˮϧǣЩˮͰװһ룬ˮҲͣˡ
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19 ƽ
ӽ쿪ʼϴʱʡŵˮҲ㡣
ȷˮֳǿһ£ʵҲº˵ġŮˣһˮٶȵֳֵҪǲ˵һĻЩˮû׼ܸ̣꣡
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ǿҲ֪أͬ˵ǰҪоĻôöûϵ
˵ķ޻˵ϾҲǱ֪ôˮˣùԺˮ⡣
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ֳԼ嶼ô˵ҲʶȤĸһ䡣
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ЩҲסˣߺߵתݡһƲԣϽ׿ֳǿ׷˽ȥȻϲ˴ˡ
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ֳ˰֣ʾԼûϡҪľϣûˣΨһܻϢ;ͿˡСĵķȥװϵĻҳֳȡװ˵أȻʼ̨
ֳĶǿҲͣһ
FM89.3ʱԮ̨沥ŵǡ
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Ϊ֮ǰʱ̨ĲΣֳ׾ͰͼҵûийصϢϸһֳʼƵϣյźš
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ʡʱۼ̨һʦĲӣʳҲ㡣иҴߣӭѡ
ιιõߵ簮ߣȰ
ģɥʬûˡӶˣյźҵû

տʼʱֳΪܾͱȵӺһ㣬ȼƵˡһȦԤϣ̨ʮһд󲿷ֶǸפɵҴӪطģһЩߵ簮ߺͳص̨źšƽʱ˵̨ܵƵģʹЩòΡĩս٣˭Ҳܲôˡ
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ʵҲֳڷǫ̂ҲЩϾ⼸Ǽûŵͬ顣֪಻ôͶֶµĸоһ죬֪ϸ仹ô࣬Ȼϲõĸо
½ܵźŴںĵһȣ˻òֺ
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ԭתһȦֳǧֻ֡
£ָҲľԮ̨˺һǿȻ磬Ƕֳ˵ԼĽ顣
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ƽأĿǰƽеҴ߹һǧˡλĸ·ԣɥʬѱҴǷǰ
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ֳǿѹеľᣬοһǿʱֲһϢֳ¶˼ϣ
ڶԻذȫĿǣƽû㹻չԮΪڵҴܸõĻȥؽʮ㣬ҲǾʮĺпͶԮ䡣ԮΪɫˮװںʳͼҩҴעʰȡظһ顭
Ԯ䣿
ǿظһ飬еνı͡
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һΪֳһֱһء
ǿĲ⣬ֳǶԮ俴˼֡
ܶƽ޷֯ԮܲǰԱ㻹ôһģ֪ͶһЩԮʡʳʲôΣľеû´Ļνʮа˾ǹ
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˸˴ͨĵҲ㹻ˡɸɥʬͲͬˣͨ˺ܱ֤ԼСܹƵģȻֻǹ֮ȱˡֳȻãٻһ㶹ֻܳʮӣûˡǹͲͬˣֻҪӵʱⶫԱ˵ЧҲԶû㶹ǿ
ô˵аǹܴİȫԣЧĸγɻ
ڴˣֳ⣬ҲҪһԮ
ȻҪǿͶֱԺ͸ˡ

ȫµһ졣
ΪǿͶԮ£ֳߵˡֻעǶµһ졣ûֳ緹ʹĦг죬
𣿿쿪žȾң
ЩԾֳһ㶣Ͻ³һĻ˳˭
ˣǸӼٺͲֻˣɥʬ׷ˣкÿŷҽɣҶûԷˡ
ԵȰ
ֳӦһѸԱߵĽݡ濴ȥȷʵиɫơżĦеꡣʮ⣬ʮֻɥʬɥʬƽĦԶԶһȦȻͣ˹
ˣ
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лл
Ħг˽ʹ۽һ˿⡣


20 ն
ǼˣȻҿ϶ɥʬˡ
һ˵ŸмĻһߴĦתֳǹšҲ˵ĶԵʣĶԵ֪ǲǴֳܾйϢҿǵҲЩƮ
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飬飡
ʱ洫ɥʬײŵڵ˶һְ˽ŵĿʼŲšڳӵŻǺ̵ܼģץһδʧȥĿɥʬҲɢ
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йǹǺеһͺţ侯͹ϵͳ洦ɼֳ֮˵һЩ֯żҲܸ㵽ֳֻû뵽һɫƵҲõ
ӣбײҵģ
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˭ȻǹָŶٵĿֻšǿȻǿ˵ȴڲԾսҶͷҲǺ
˭ǸǣҲү
˵ţǹһȦֳҲָ¡ϲԼֵͬηŵĵҲ׳գŻӽߺߣҲ¸ǣӿûԷˣʲôԵĺȵĿóмǱˣʲôȻӵǹ
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ڶ˵£ȷʵյġ
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겻мָָ£ʾϽȥԼóԵġ
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ף˭
˯Ĵ߳ȫ֪Ժ﷢ʲô
ЩɫŮˣүһ㶣ðǰĹâЦһǹԭ滹椣̫ˣӴӼһ꣬û뵽¾ܿ磬ۣ

үһеע⵽үǹ
үһĺٺЦʲôУٽӰ㣡
үҪĳԵġôˣȥ
±һѳԵĴæһ̧ͷͿԼžŵ顣һʱʶ
Ŷá
ԼϹĻʶľܡ
飡
ǹͼѽһڵϡ
ǸүۿҪߣԥĳǰ濪һǹȻûˣȴסˡ
һ
ֻҪһ°ɱ˵ǹ
ðȻͲҪȥˡ˵ʵӱ̵ʳߵġû뵽ﲻС椣ҿͦȫҾˣӽѡǼСͳͳҹ֮ǰߵģֱӱ˵ţүǿһţȻ첽˹ȥ˼ѡ
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뿹ܣ˿ͷϵǹŵòҶˣƾүºǿð𣬵ȴǹ壬ֻʵʵĴԭء
ˬ
˺һү־İִǰȻװģһѣһС˵־ģ
ĩԣ
үľֹоŭֳĩһµ֪
ǿˣû뵽ȵȴһ׵׵İǡһﲻռֳǵʳڸǰעµϱϡˣ˵ĹҲ֣ĩûһھˣ֪ȵһҪϸáҪȣҲһҪӦķ
һҲȷʵˣ
Լϱǰ۸ˣǹڣҲҪһѡҪֳԼ϶˵ֱƴˣ
һǿһˣǹؼʱֻԼ˻
С椣ˡ綼˵ĹУĻʱ֣ӻ죬ұ֤ĺģôҲǸСǿ
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22 Ԯ
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23 ϲջ

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ϸо˺һֳĽǹ͵ϧʱ˴Ȼǿ԰ǹܡ
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24 ԰
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һеףֳȻڽͨԴһ̾ʹܻ˱¥
Сĵİ󣬱¥¥ͳһʱȫĹµ
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˵ͬһɥʬҳƬǰЩѾ㹻ɱܾõˣ
ٻ㶹֡
лֳ̬Цһ¥߿ʼȫ
ɥʬֳ̫࣬Ҫ׼۶ɵǵԴ̹/㶹ӵո˴ɥʬڵһƬҺɫʬ


25 ɥʬ
ɱɱ
һſ㶹ӵֱ΢н𶯣ֳԼڶ߻졣
ɱ¾ʵ˵һַй
㶹һɵϰɥʬֳЩĿɥʬ£ֻؿڵѹɢ˺ܶࡣԴΣ𽥻۵ĸһֱεĴɱ¾Ȼй˳

˼ֳȻĸоŻ¡ջ㶹֣ݶϢ
ɱ¾󣬽ŶĿ飡
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Ըտʼ죬ֳûָɹȻЩӦҹŹġôڽĻȺҲûʲôֵġֳܿ;㵵ķ֣ЩȻôˣڲͣʳϵɥʬ
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ŵϵһصʬ壬ЩһŵɥʬֳȻЩ
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ǵȺ֪ӴٱֳԼֲԤУһ죬ΪЩɥʬ£
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ȫɵǣֳͿԴ뿪ˣ
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¥ͬһЩɥʬࡣǹֳֵû¸ɵǡ
ûʲô谭õϵĻ꾧ˡ


26 ܽ
һ˴ʬ·ĳмûԸ⡣ҪĶǼֵǵʯأ¾û˭ܾ˰ɡ
ֻǲܾÿ˷ܵݸһЩ
ֳ˵һĻ꾧ͺñʯ
㡢ʲô˿̣ǰǵɽҲҪˡ
űһֳеĻ꾧ȫȻҲⲻǱ࣬մ̵ѪҺҿصĲͨӴȾȻֳʮҲҪ군ˡ
һǶʮ꾧
˵ǿǰĴҲ֣
һ꾧ʱֳСɽʬⷢһгԱһȵʬ顣Ǳɥʬ˺һԵʣ˿̣˵Ĺ֤֤бб¶ߡƵ֤ϵЦݺͰã̵ַζ
г⣬ʬ뻹бȨ
ϧƾЩǰԺոڲǰȫһͬʡ
ֳҡҡͷĬȻķ˱¥ͬΪֳ࣬ĸоܿνȻڶ¥¥׼Щ꾧
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һ顢顭
ʮ顢ʮ顭
ûһô꾧ֱֳֻűĸоֻһּͻʱĻþԴԴڻֳۣܷ·һ㡣꾧Ҳһյʱֳֻв㱡ĤһĶƣǱըԼ޵ġۡ
һɲǣֳܵ
ˣ
ܵγɵǸССڵ㣬ֳɴϲ
ӵܺʵÿһΣڵڵ㶼һֳﵽĵ弶ڰ˶κҲγʮ˸ڵһģɣ
Ȼڵֻһڵ㣬ܲŸմﵽΡԲֳԶʵѾ˲СʱܣֳɵһࡣҲ˵Խٻ㶹֣ߡտ
տֳܹٻĵڶֲ̬
ֲûκεս԰ֳ⡣ÿһտֳܵĻָٶȶһ
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ֳҪ뿪ʱտҲԱһɫԲС¹ļϡ
ʱտٶȻήͺܶ࣬ŵǿƶֳҪչʱ򣬿ʱ任سʼ״̬Ҫǣտǽɹֳٻֲ̬еļûٻʱ޵ֲ
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ڴˣ¥ӭҡҷտֳá
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㹻ܣ԰ɨ֮ǰȻ󲿷ɥʬ˹϶ʣɥʬټĻЩõĶһó
֮ǰ񳹵군ˣֳҪһµĴߡ
һеģл˵õȫ¡ܿ죬ֳһá͵İµϡ
Ϊˣֳֻʮӣѱ¥ʣʳͳͳŪ
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ֳ˲©ɥʬʱҲһ԰ȫò
µļɽȪ԰޴¶Ӿءʮ彨ƵꡢһӦȫУֳĵӦҵĲˡɵֻɥʬĻƺֳĿĿٶֽЩǮҲҵĻңӦǲͳƺúûüߡ
ֻǸ˺ϵ֣ȷʵ㲻ʲôҪٶֽֽǰлвʮʮֵģǾͷǳˡ
ٶأ
Ժһ輸ô
˵ʵֳ㱻Ӿϵĳסˡϧǣϲֻ˶̶һᣬ֮ľй
ĩ٣ͷɱһֽġҪʲôþˣǮֻȻҲͳ˷ֽʳͻƽӲͨǰߣ
ԣֳһѣȻЩֽȫ߿
Ǯʲôģѡ
ĩǿǻȥ֤
Ǯ⣬ֳҲһڲҵĸڷ䣬ֳѵȫµĶԽ涼˵磬ԱߵĲҲżԽصĳǵЩװʵúҪֳ˸ЩƵĺɫѶǰǹСҩӦʳƷȶ˽ȥ
ʮıϻԽܣϾܺࡣ
һʲôҪȷҲһС
˹𣿡
ֳĸʱȻ޵ŮֳէΪǻþɵʱȷﻹлŵˡ
û뵽ΣʮˣɥʬĻﻹ˻ţ
Щȵֳ˦˽ֻɥʬѸ˹ȥ
԰棬ҲһͷԱֳһϡ¥̨ػŮˣ
Ⱦң
ֳŮ˻ĸˡ̫ԵʣԱߵķԴղסӣͬһ


27 
Уԣֳĩԡ
԰ھ󲿷ɥʬɱֳԼȵǸ˾ȳĿҲҪɨɥʬԱռ꾧߲ͻ
΢һ£
һǸŮ˺ֳͣ¥£ͬʱʼѡ
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ֳŵĶ˸OKƣȻ˳ִӳ˾̡
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ɫĹγ֣ǰֻһνɥʬʬ׷ˡ

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ˣ
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Щҵʱ̲סֶ˼ϣϵ۾Ҳһ졣
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ֳеĿ˿ֺˬ¾ǹ
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Ĵ۾һƳֳŷǰλĪԼʮŮȻƯ
ŮĪԼһңһͷϴĺڷ˳ŶֻȱʳԵԵ΢Щüë޵ϸǳɫ嵭ϴɫˮǲŴӻԵʣûԼϵĶȹ΢ϷһЩ˫¶ͬ֬ĴˮֻŰɫԲҲҪһѵĳ嶯
һ崿ִЩջŮ
ͬղǸŮһŮڿֳݹʳʱҲһľϲǿԼǸֳлѸٵСڳ


28 ԵĴ
ˣʲôһ֪ء
ڳԶŮֳʻûбҴߣɻ߲ŷԼв֪ôƺǡ
ҽãࡣ
ͷԶŮеģʳֳָָߵƯŮ˵ʩ档
ᵽԼ֣Ů΢΢Щ죬ƽ˼ϵСܿڱ˼ˮֳϵ˵ллǡ
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ûʲôҶͬһӦõġֳһ䣬һŮһ߼˵¥ﻹбҴ𣿡
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ҹƶֻ֪̯Լʱܾܿˡ
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ʩСĵѹǹֳʾԼѾ׼ˡֳѡĿĵЩɣʩ沢ûʳڣѡȥԹۡ
⵱ȻǸľ
ֳʩûпʶѸٵʰöȻһ뿪Ϣ䡣
ǰʩ滷һ°칫ңȻְְְϵȡһڵȫҸƬ֮ǰݵĽУֳѾ֪ĸɥɥʬСȻûȷҲ׶༪١һҵŮֳϧġ
ƬӦҲʩϽеġĸĻˡ
ӣӦøõĻȥŶԡ
ֳοʩһ䣬ϣڼ뿪ʱֳʹĻ䡣
лл㣬׵ġʩмĿֳһۣ̾˿ԼΪԼĽֳҲŲ졣
߰ɡ
ֳ͵һۣûʲôŵһ˳ȥ
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ʱƵ괦ԼһŹֵĽֳһ㶣ʱȴûˡҲû̫⣬ֻǷе㱵ʩȻûȻ˳ȿصʱһֻ;޴ǹ͵βʹӴ˽
ǹ
ֳЩ⣬ٿʱʱȻ
ͷֱִܵĴòƤⶼദãצӺȴĸӷˣ۾ҲŷѪɫû´ĻǱɥʬȾı칷
ˣ


33 Ϊ
ɥʬ
֮ǰɥʬʱֳ뵽˻бɥʬ֣ڿһеġֻͺ˵ĴԶŵʱ壬˿̣ݣʱļơ
ʲô
ʩ͵͵ġһ˿βסĿ־Ļһǹ򿪱ʱĻ
ɥʬȾĹһҪСġ
ʩһֳҲͳǹ׼ֻɥʬĶĶ
ƺǻĿ԰ϻȦ˵֮ǰҧһС͵ʩֳʾºܿϳֻǹ
ԭרģѹôǿ׳
أ
ŲԶĽ䱸ɥʬǹķ˼ֵĽݵԭ˰ȦܻûԺչֳٶȴֳΪɵ
һԴ
̵Ķ˼ֳѸкʩһɾʱֻǹֻɥʬβվ˴󹷵Աߡһſһٳ˹
飡飡飡
ɥʬ˲䣬ֳʶĿǹ
׼õĵһǹɹǰֻǹĲ·Ĺܿһ¾ͱشˡɶɥʬ˵˺ȫ㲻ʲôֳľǣǹֻ̼ɥʬǵٶԽĿ
飡
֪ʩҲ۶׼ͷֳڿĹӭͷ˹ʱܹܾͺܲˡ
໣
һʹ
ʮ׵ľת˲䱻ɥʬһʱֳƷһǹһֻɥʬԴӵɵĴŵ룬Ȼ󽫱Ĺͷ򴩡
İǹܻƶ˿ǹҪѾǷǳˡ
ţʩҲ˵Ĵǰֻǿ׳ǹǰȡֻȫٱܵļһھ޴Ĺ··෭ĽγһڵϹ˺üȦصײԵĿͷǽϡǿպƽ⣬ܵٶҲȻ˵ȥһв
ɵƯ
æֳһ䣬ʩı൱⡣
ɥʬµĵطǵٶȣǰгǸͨɥʬҲûʲôֳ׵ĴǵԴ
Ȼֻɥʬֻ
˻ȥ
ֳһǿѹסĽ겻ͣһסʩղŵİ칫ܡ
Ȼͬĵûжʧȥǻ۵ɥʬκӰ졣ǼѸ˾롣ľ׼׺ܶ࣬ͬģһɥʬͻ͵
һҧס㲻ҲضᱻȾ
ģôһô๷
¶պҪһٹֳֺǹǵãŶʽǹʹָϱŶʽǹһ30/֡ٴ¸㶹ͬ˵ɱԣʵЩԸٶȿɥʬǷ
аѳǹֻǹҲ°
ϧûм磡
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ʳǰɥʬһǰһķԾһҧֳĴȣһֱӳļͷ˹ûǻֲۣʳıܻڣ˸¼й
ʱܾˡ
ܰԵʣֳֽҪĹͷȻǰδеɫ̵ʩһƣȻ󾡿ܵĵ͵һ߰ڷŵװ辰
ɫĹâ״ʩǰ֡
һӡ໨մ辰Ӧصײӭɥʬ
໣
ֳȵɥʬʵʵҧһմɣ󱻾ŵ˻ȥ
ȻܵıֳĽȻۣ֪ӳֹһжֳ˿ȴ˲Ͻۣһ߳ͬʱ˸޵ĺȻⲻ˻Ϊʧȥƽˤڵϣȴ˲ܹ뵽ΨһΧ
ֻҪܶ㿪Ǳһ㲻ʲô
ֳж൱׼ȷֻʲôָ֣ĶһΡȻɥʬǱܿˣצȴܼ޵Ĵֳͷϲ˹ȥȻûƤȴڱϵ˫ٶȵ۾ȴǱһ¡
ž
۾ʱײ֬ʵصľƬܲҵȽӴ档Ȼûȴ˼ơ
ǰȻģֳ￩һ죬ɴ⡣
ĽӾһǰģѾЩˡ⸱۾֮ǰˤһΣʱû⣬Ҳû⡣ĩ󣬴߰۾Դϰ߳ȻֳҲȫȻûע⵽زٵ˭ؼʱȴӣҪˣ
֪ˣѧҵʱ͸ðƽӵļ˵ģ
ͷȥɥʬɲ֪ԼղˣֻԼûץˣƵڵת˸Ȧͺͺβͣ¶ֳ辰ײɵֻɥʬҲҡ˶ڵĹëһٴγ˹
Ϊֳʶķֳϵıٴνֻҷɡ
飡
ǹٴ
ֳȫĵطһµʩͷȻսǹͣΣͷûѡܣǼһ¡ۿΣʩûôֱ࣬ӿǹˡƳγεӵİ/ĳֻץֳ۾ɥʬŰѾõβҲһϡ
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ܣ
ǸмǵǵֳѸٰǹɥʬעһ°ŷӵǡôˡۿɥʬҪȥҧʩ棬ֳһǹ˹ȥ
ɫĹθǹϣɥʬĺҳӣ
ͦ
ԼļΪֳմմϲѸٵĶܣʼٻ㶹֡
ŵƽʱӣڴ˿ȴ˵
찡㰡
ٴζɥʬһ˵ֳźţĿӱһӣƽʩǹһֻݵԥһ룬Ȼ͹ˣ
ɫӵâֳǹ׼ٴδ򱬽ߵĹͷ
ֻʣһֻͺðˣ
ǹ㶹ӵͬʱ׼ҧʩһڵɥʬȺе׼˹ȥҡһ£Ľ൱ϡֳûй˼ɵкһ㶹ӵֻɥʬɸӡ
ŶӦ˵һֻ
ȵ봦һֻոպƽ⡢һȳһճɥʬ
ùֻǸӶѣ


34 ֳǸ
ϧˤˣ
ֳ˿еɥʬȻϧļԼ۾˵ǰƾն˼ѺͦϰߵģֲС
ϰֵİ칫ӦнͷϽðɡ
ʩе㼱ٵ˹ղǶȴЩյսȻʮֽšϴ˳࣬ĶͷҲܲϸĺ顣
õġ
ֳͷ׼תʣµֻɥʬȻסˡ
㣬û°ɣ
ʩĻŹУ۾ҲֳǱצ˺ĿӡȻĵ͵ġ⡱ֻǵֳǷɥʬץ
İɣûƤ
ֳеεĵͷһۣȻ󲻶ɫӡ
ǾͺãղŻҪл㡣
ʩ汻ֳСеЦ⣬ֳɥʬľٶ̲ס˵ĸжʱֳһƣܰȻӽ칫ҡзŵ赲ǹɱͻ׺ܶࡣûôǳԼƯֻǱô˵ԼԶǺ¡
ɴ˿ɼ˵۹⻹һ׼أ
˵ллӦҲŶԡ
ʩؼʱҲ˴æֳмĵġ˵ûĻԼȻҲɥʬȻˣҲͲˡ
ô˵İʵʵڵģ
أ
ܲʱĴ˵໥л

ֻٶȱͨɥʬɥʬʩ濴˿ֳұϵ㶹֣ѵôһ˿ɱ
ɣӵһžһţᡣ
˵ţֳ̬㶹֡
ʩĿ˿㶹֣ȻԼϵĵ½סֳȵȣԸѹûЧеĻҲܷһЩЧˡ
á
ֳϳ˶۵ĵҲЩ棬Ƕ㶹ְֻɥʬʣµҲ˿ʩıݡ
ˡʧȥвɥʬʩĵĴ˵
ѹҪǿ˲ĸѹĿꡣʵһҪԷϲЧһЩĻҲͬЧֳֻ˲ĳѹֺɥʬ͵һѣ˹ȥǣƷЧֻ˶ݵļ룬ɥʬܿ»ָ˹
˺ʹеЧġ
ʩҡҡͷۼָѹЧǿ׳鱣̱ܵڵϰӡ
ҲˣϾĵ̫С˺
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ѹʩ룬ûס˳Ͼħõôǵϵ˭˶ġ
ֳֻ־һеɥʬһ߳һ߽͵ΪһܣЧôµͬǹֻǲӵˡ
ղŵĽҲ𣿡
ʩע⵽֮ǰǰǹϵĵ⡣
ǵģֻ÷ʽٻǸ
ȻѾܣֳҲûҪΡʩ֮ǰĻ˵ĶԣߵŮӦȥΡ
ܰ
ʩǾеܿѡšȻɥʬֶ֣ܳҲܱȾʲôԽܵأտʼʾͷȥϾʶԼˡ
ѡһ뿪ǸӢľ
ˣ֮ԲȥƽأǲǾΪܰ
ɵǹһֳ˵ͷ˵ΪܣԱһɱɥʬܻһֶѸܡ
ѹ֣
ʩеȻȻֺʣǣڵжԺжǿ
ڲų׶Σ֪ľ󼶱ܼʮλԶء
ֳʵڵĻشʩһﳤŸտʼôǿˣҪܽԲǸûǿӰЩţƺĴ
Ƿһء
ĹʩԽᶨԼֳͷʱһЩΣգֳǾ޴ǱҲԸȥһѡȻʱĿƼǹڸԺأĩһֱȥû˴ĻҩվǻþģɥʬҲܻܿ
ʱ򣬿¾Լ˵ʱˣ
ʲôĲ˵϶Ǹ׸ˡ
ֳǫѷһ䣬Ȼ㶹л״̬Լ֣۾ղһˤѾƬˤˣҾƺҲеΣôô
߰ɣҰ͸ϡ
ʩƽĵͬʱٿһʶ㶹֣ܾú
鷳ˡ
ֳһ߼ϵıһ߸ʩ淵˰칫ҡƯŮֳӹ۾Ȼҵɵѷճ
ûִ󽺴ֻխĽһˡ
ʩеǸ˵ֳѾ㹻ˡ
ˣһ˶ǹֳһ۾һ˸⡣
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ֳʩϰһЩҲֳ½һ˾ζ뻹ɥʬεȻδؾڴ¥⣬ܹǼΣյ顣
ߣ뿪
ֳϣѸ뿪ɲٱɥʬΧˡ
ʩҲֳֻ֧ʱȻһǰʱЩڣϡ
ôˣ
ʩ԰׵ɫֳɵѵǱɥʬҧˣ
Ҳ̫񰡣
õġʩ˿еĵ죬廹ûϢղվʱһ㡭
ҪЪɡ
ʩһˣ˵֮ǰѾ˶Ҳ΢ЪһᣬļͺñȴһһӾȫָղôŵɱֻɥʬҲ֮е¡
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ʲô
ʩĻֳɫ䣬ѵжʮƥɥʬε
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Ҫһ𣿡
˵ţֳ̹ʵԼ֣ʶԼЩͻˡ
ҷģԼʱǺܴࡢֻǳڰæĿĲġ


35 ƽϢ
ˣصϻûġ
ʩЩɬֳİæȴԾ뵽˸ղΣʱֳסӵΡʱŵֳܴڻЩء
ֳܾ΢е㲻˼ǾͺãŲסĻҲǿ
ž
ŵʱֳСߵһ
ⲻǰǹ𣿡
ղŽʱûע⣬Ҫ뿪ֳſմѪۺԽľŶǹΪ˲ʹЩϣòŶĺŻ¸нǹһüֳϲķѱɰǹȻû治ף
Ҽǵõʱȷʵͦ󡣡
ʩҲǹ󣬿Ŷʽǹʵغ治
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ҵǣֻɥʬеԶʱûз
ֳʩһңһ߰ӿٶȣǸƥ˵ɥʬͷǰ˳ʩ汾λźܶɻ֮ʳеεֻùϳţֳԱߡ
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ĽҰҴߣ˭Ҳ˵ǼǺǻһǵĳ޸ѱᶯԼġϵôʳҲһ޴򣬶Сĵû
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ѾȥĳȻͣϵ߲Щϲֻǿֳϵǹʱָһ˿־塣ʱ޳һһŮҲֳͬЩ¡һǹ
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ֳܵĽٶνȻ˼ҲҪæҲûҪȥˡֻʱʩѾ³˹ֳҲת뿪˼䡣
ֳĳϻиƯŮӣһ˿ۣͬʱҲһЩ
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ֵܣλŮѰɣ湻Ưġ
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ֳʩΪԼ㴵꣬ѹһ䡣
ŶԭŮѰ
ܲҵֳȻ˳Ļ˵϶һ㡣
ֳϸֱ棬˿ʩ棬תͷ˵ˣҪȥģ
ȥģմƽӳ˵ƽͦȫģһȥ㡣ܵĿеΣе
ƽ򣿡
ֳǵԼƺڵͼϿ֡
ֳظһ飬Ϊ֪һ˵ǣòҲ˽ȥѰɣȰ㻹ǱȥĺãҪ˵Ҫ군ܲȥͲȥ
Ŷô˵
ܵĿƽƺиҴӪء
ƽеĹٷֻƽһôƽӪӦ˽˽ˡֳȻһ棬˵ϸһЩ
Ҳûʲô˵ģǼʮȱʳϻҪƽɥʬҲ룬ƽȻ󣬵ҲмǧɥʬƾǼǹҲҴ⣬ⲻʲôܿһܲмӡ
ͼʮˣ
ֳе㾪ȣôҲҶɥʬ֣
ԣ֮ǰܹҲʮ˶ѡ
ֳƺ⣬԰Լľ˵һ顣϶Уֳƽ˸ӡ


36 ʩ
ͷǸ侯û˵Լʲôƻ𣿡
ܵĻֳжƽӪصǸ֯Ҳ̫ɱľٶѵʲôƿ԰Լɹǧֻɥʬ
ʱƺ˵ֱ뿪ˡ
ƲƲ죬ƺܲΪȻɥʬôöԸ

ֳ˵ͷϲûκβٲ˿ܼ֡һȻԼܣҲҪмİɡ˶ܣҪ
ܵȻֳ֪뷨޵ļЩ˸ȥҿɲǣǰ뿪ˡ
ɡ
ֳÿɷ񣬵Ҳû沵Ƽˮ꣬ûҪֵ˵¡
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гڣƥɥʬԶΪǣʩҲҲ¡
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˵ʩŮӦûῪֳǲȷһ䡣
ˡ
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á
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Ըôֻɥʬֳòٻһ㶹ֻ֡ĬĬóŶʽǹһС
ܿ죬ӭ汼ɥʬͳǰ
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룬۶ˣ

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ֳ⿴ʩһۣȻһֳһѹɿƽؿͶľԮģȻеɣζ
㵹ǻ͵
ʩһ߿һ͵һµͼʵڶ𣿡
ԡ
ֳ϶Ļشʩԥһ£ƺ˵ʲô˼ûڡ
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ֳоʩﻹݣֱӰԼ˼
šʩ˵ͷҾãڶδطҪǸƽԿȥ
ֳЩ棬˵ϸһЩɡ
ȥӦȥɱɥʬռ꾧ɣ
ֳͷʩڶ˵ƺ߰ǰġѺķ˲ֻ࣬еһʱŻᱻ͵оǣ˶ǱηġȻɱףͷռ꾧ʱ򻹵һŲСҵԿ׻ãһԿΣʱĻбߡ
е
ʩôһֳҲԼеˡ
֮ǰѡеڶʱֳҪĵԼӦвɥʬɥʬж٣ȴ֪
ֳ϶ԼĻʩе˷ܣղܸĵƽĲҲˣʮ˰ֵѹ˵㻹ܰǼǧɥʬɵƽô˵ҲһӣĸֻӦͦȫõĻҵЬӡ۾Ū
ֳڱɣͼ¿˿ɵͷˣƽʮ;ֻҪ΢һǵڶȥɣȻƽ򡣡
ʩֳĻû飬ֳ֪Լˡ

ڻĹ·ϷɳۣʱɢĽɿ˦ڳ
ϴ·Ѿǰô첻·ԵԽưܡʱԿд̵ĺɫѪ͹Ǻ·ֲҲѽڣҡȴûȥո
ֳЩأų˺һĴ
֪ʲôʱ򣬰µϹջصĩǰ΢ĵضΡ·ҪһЩʩҲ˳٣ŵͼϵ·˵ڶǰ
ˡ
ʩͷһ۳ԶԶŵɥʬ֪Ƿѳͣ


37 Ǯ
ڶ
ƽ汸ɭϣǽϵ¥ҹվڡڿɺãڵĴббĳţ߽ǵ¥ҲһˡŶ￴ȥԼԿɢɥʬε
ȿȥȻҰŹϡ
ʩԽ
ֳѸ³ƻ˲һɥʬϾͲܽˡ

ƺ죬ԶֻɥʬΧ˹ֳŲæụ̀ɱ⼸ֻɥʬǻûģܿǴδմ˵Ѫ⣬㵨ͨҲ׸㶨
ȫˡ
ֳĿ˰죬ȷֻôֻɥʬ
ҵطͣʩҲܿע⵽㣬еɻĵ֣ɥʬƺࡣ
ȷ
ֳ˵ͷߡ
ڶԼ߰ЩĽĽӴҡܽ¥ʳúһС͵ҽҡ˵룬һ·ϲʱԿɥʬʬ壬ͷ˴ƽƹʱֳȻǰĵڶܽ¥еһ
⣿
ֳһݣܿʶˣǵҲܿ׼ķ⡣
Сģ¥ˡ
һ뵽ղſǹ׼ԼֳЩľסʩ棬һʱ䲻֪ҪҪߡ˭Ҳ֪¥⻹Ƕ⣬óȻȥĻǹ˾̫ˣ
ʩҲ˳ֳ߿˹ȥֻټĴ¥һʱҲġ
ѵǿķԽˣ
Ĳ²ⲻûпܣֳе㵣ɲһȺﷸ档˵ﲻǼѺķ˺зʲôģҲЩδüе׶֮һͻԸǹֵﷸɱȶԸɥʬѶˣ
Ҫ뿪ɡ
ֳҲʩҪ˵ģȻ׼뿪ʱ¥յĴźȻˡһƷһѴ׼Զǹ˴ܳһڳ֡ҲЩûҴ߰ɣƺЩ
Ǻá
񱼹еͷϵľñ֡ԼҲܿʶ㣬ǲ˼ñӣڶλʲô𣿡
ţǣ
ֳеðʧ̬ȴ꣬ɸоеŤ
һ˿ļһòỹԼֵɣ
뽨
ֳţ껹ͳԼֳ֤ͷظԼ⣺λ˻ǣ
ˣ⻰ҲûӦ˵ˡڵɥʬɡ
ֳȻʵʵ˵ȻǱ뽨񾭲ɣڵɥʬ·ܱܡ
Ǹȥɡ
뽨ЦӭɥʬѾƽﻹҡϲܺǮӳѲߡֻҪǶB¥ȫǾûġ
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Ϣֳʧ
ȻˣιȫûбҪˡû뵽ĻˣȻҴҽ˾ֲ
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뽨ɻĿ˿ֳע⵽Լ˵껰ֳеʧ䡣
ӦðĻȫ󷴶ĵģ
ȻԴҲ벻ϻŷɱɥʬҴ߲Ψֱ֮
ǺǺǣûʲô
ʶԼ鲻Եֳ˸ʵղᵽҲ𣿡
ҺǮӳǣϲĳʦ
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뽨룬ʵҪ˵Ļˡڹﷸһа˸ûš
ûţʲô˼
ƺǿֳʩľȣ뽨ͷ벻ˣ֮Σʱܶ෸˶ɥʬΪûе˼䣬ԱȾɥʬѸɢķҲҧǼҴʱҲ񣬸ȥȡ󣬽һҲʮˡ⻹õڶѺķ٣вٷ˶û
ιιôû
뽨ϹŵĶԽȻһֳһ
ĳ뽨Ǹ˾ηмӡùԽĵӳһһŮƺ㡣
ޣˣ
˶٣ȻЩ˷ܵĵǹɣеסĵط
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ʩɵĿֳһۣҡҡͷǻľܾˣҺֳҪȥƽͲˡ
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֮Ĳް
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뽨ϹŲᣬŸռҴ߾ҪֿﻹôƯһŮеƵԽӳҪˡ
ʲô߰
ԽʱٵһᣬϾ͹ȥ

Ӻ
һͬƷ
ĸͷһ׾ţҲ׳ԱһվʲôҲ˵ܸһѹ
λãҽǮ񡣡
˺ĸֳֳ֣֮ȻûԹʲôǮصĴ·뽨ļ򣺡С룬˵˶ٻˣôϲ͵95ҪûŪҲͰˣһˣһͷôʰ㣡
ǰðԶҲǹ
뽨Сֹһ䣬վһèı飬Թ԰ǹ˹ȥ
ǮƺҲϲǹӹǹøһĶḧǹĵǰԶҵQBZ95ȣҺòײйϵŪģװȫϢ׼أ
Ǳ顢Ƕֳʩ﷢ë
Ǯ˿ֳʩı飬ʶʲô˼ĵλЦˡ˵ʵҺСһǾ°ߡʱҵֹʱʵ侯ϵͳģϧֻĹû취Ҳͺˣһʮꡣ
Ǯķϻͦ࣬ˬʵֳ˼ֺøС
ˣ֮λҪúġɥʬǾͷһڻյһЩ㲥֮ġһͣ磬͸ʧȥϵ֪ʲôϢûõûõĶԡ
Ϣ
ǮҪֳסˡ
˵ǿ뿪һֱ㲥붼ǸʡеҴصĵ̨ӹĻҲòʲô޷ǾĳĳرȽϰȫӭҴǰ֮ģǮЩҲȤ
Ҫ˵еõģҲʱ㲥Ƶˡ


38 
ϢҲкö֡
ֳϸһᣬŵ֪ķģ
ǮͿǹֳԥĿڵȻǹɥʬģûʲô¾֮ġ
ǰ뷢˹ɥʬﲻϳֵͨ档磬ĵַ̨˵ɥʬѾʼ˵ڶֽʲôʱɡɥʬռıǶٵȶ޶ۣҲûֽɵʵ塣ͬ磬ƽһʬȺ
϶Ľֳͣûʲô˵ˡ
Ʋ
ֳĻǮɥʬȻûһνɥʬȴɥʬҪˣЩǡ
˵֪ϢʱֳıҲǮࡣ
ˣǵʡᰲھȡԮƻˡ
ҲյϢ
Ϊһʡʡᣬֳ԰߲ĳͷӦܲΣˣǲ֪ڼж
ȷǹġ
뽨ߵĸһ䡣
£òȥǸģǿϳͲˡ
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ʩеֵĿһۣķӦΪʲôô
ǮﵹǺףЦЦ͵ڶϵĵڶ죬ǵļһ¿ˡʱֻһ͵ĳųҲûˡ˼ԼȥƽԮȼǸСĵãպһؽ۹ʱһݣʱһϵûСһ߾죬һԮӰӶû
ԭԼˡ
ֳЦЦ⡣ĩս٣޵ļһûеĻء
ҾǺ¡ûڣ˵㡣Ϊʡʳʮûʲôļһﶼҷŵˣͻ񼫵ĹûҷšµΣҲ°ô㿴ˣĻܻصԭȵӣ
ȷʵһĵӵ治С
˽Էŷˣǿصְˡ˵ֳҲ粻ܻصԭȵӣ˵ĻǶЩ˻ԼǺ¡
˵һͨǮס˻ͷ
̧ͷ˿ɫֳˣ˵Щɨ˵ˡҿʱ磬λҪҲôɡһҹߣҲһ֮ꡣϲܵݳĻͦóԵģôЩǻûԹȺɡ
ϲӦþǸʦˡ
ȻˣǾ߶ˡ
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Ҫȥ޷Ǿƽ򣬶ƽһξ롣ڳĻӦҲˣ硣ңôıɻʲôģֳҲȷʵ볢һȺ˵ζ
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ķе뽨ͶˡһڴʱϣȻϲܵպġ
ÿܷſӳԡ
ǮҲĶ˿ӡ
˿ԣֳʩҲĵʼá
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ʮӺ϶˼տյӡ
ʩЩڷĻȥϢˡ£ֳҲƽŴϨ׼Ϣ
Ƶ¹Ӵ˽ֳʩϸܵĺȥ˯š
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ȻǮѹ˵
ʱţѵͻʲôеŵֳϽ𴲡ڼʮµԾɺȣҲû·Ȼɶͺ鷳ˡ
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á
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ǮҲûŪ飬ֳ˼㿪ڵðһ䣬뿪ȥģ
Ӧȥƽ򡣡
ȻЩֳ֣˵ԼĿĵء
Ǯһ㶣ʵȥƽ𣿡
ƽ˵ҲиСӪأɥʬһ˳ʾͿȡҵ۾ˤˣ˵ȥ
ֳĻشǮ˶ݵʧ
ĪԼӺǮ̧ͷֳɣһȥ
᣿
ѵĳЩС˵ﳣͷݣ
ֳĿǮʵҪ뿪ô죿
ȻһûֱʳǮΪɶŻ㰲ȫĿҪðոȥ
𣿡
ǮЦЦһ˿ɬҪ뿪ҪԭɡҸ˵ԭ˵ͲסįΧͬºͿķ˼ɥʬĴˡҪΪչ˽ϲܣ͸ˡ
һԭأ


39 ƽ
ֱֳǮĵһɲҪġ
Լİȫһط˸㲻ʲô϶һԵɣǮ¶뿪
ڶԭΪҵá
Ǯ̧ͷ˿ƲסԽڰϴѧרҵǴýϵΣ죬պڸҴ绰ȻֻͷһƬӣȷӳȥˡٺİص̨Ȼ뻹ţڰȫĵطҲû̫ż
ΪʲôҪߣ
ֳʳ仰;Լе㱿ˡ
ǮҲЦˣƽȴᶨô˵ҵˣҪҵ߲Űġ
ȷʵӦ֮˰ɣҶҲ
ֳͬĸһ䣬һǣûͷ
ǮвͷԶͨ˷ḻֳܿ³ʲôǿڵ˵ʵǹϲܺͽ뿪ˡĵǸҲ˸ĽڡֻܷģҲǳȥֱزɣ·Ͽ԰æ˵һ䣬ҵǹȺܶ侯ҪãQZB95Ҳǳصģ
˵ţǮֳһۣ˼Ѿˡ
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ڶֳʱѾߵˡ
ʩ治֪ʲôʱѾ𴲡˿̣ϴϣͣš
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ֳʩŷѾˣԷſ˼ĵǸˡ
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ֳ˰֣Ȼϸڲһͨ
УҴģڵ͹ҵ쵼һƳɹ⣬СݲзרŵĲǡֻҪ˱ɥʬȾǾͻἰʱȫѾͨƵӪأܿͽͶʹá
֮ǰһֳûǴӲǲֿʼġ
ɥʬǶô£
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зʧˡ
ʩֻһ仰;ĸ˳仰ȴ˵һС
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ʩҡͷֳʧȷоܿܳ⡣쳯һ·΢еɾͿ϶һľзʱѹûᣬֻ˵һоⱾ˵⣡
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ǣʱõļﰲȫʵҴһ㲻۵©λ֤רΥ˲ұȾз˾ͽԺʿҲ㱻ɥʬץȻѣзĽȴòʱжϡΪ£λĴвͼȴѾ޲Ȼֺ˾ǲṫģһֲУԲŻԳʧ
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ˣǮң˵ʱ뿪ҴӦˡ
ʩҪ߳ȥֳȻһ磬ǸϽһ£Ҳһصı֡
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ӣֳȻĪе飬ֵҵʱһµģѾ˯ˣԡ
׷ӵĽʩ΢Щ⣬ͣ½ŲתͷʵýͣľܲԼҲģ֧㡣
תʱʩ϶һ˿˶ĵ΢Ц
ֳҲ˿ߵŮ˺ܶ£ʡġ

ճĴͱһŴУԵٶˣ
һֹ۵ϲ׼˷ʼߺͱܺãζҲֿɿڣ֮ǰ뽨ÿζܳšɽ糿ȴûôõθڣŴлζͱҲ
ƻǮһ仰
Ҫֳһ뿪ҵûڰ
Ϊʲô
߰
뽨ϲܵһʱɻߣûһ˵ڡǮ޿ޣΪڰã

ݵĳźϲܵǧֻһ̾Ϣ
뽨е㲻ģӵһֱǮ񣬶ʦѵǮҪߣһ»µϲȻ죬ȴһõ
Ҳߣӳֳֵܣһȥɡ
ԼµǮͬЩᡣЦķ뽨ļǲˣȥ·ϺΣգҲðաǿﻹ㰲ȫϲܾһʱ䡣Զӵһ̲ãšģָʲôʱӾɥʬأ˵ʲôͻĻҲȥƽء
ðɣӳԼСġ
Ǯ¶ģ뽨֪Լ˵ֻȻķһ̣̲סеֳˡҪֳĻǮͲߡ
ԷͷɥģԺֲûټĻᣡ
ǮĿο£ϵպһЩǿ극Ǯʼʰʱһ˸лǲ֪両˳
ǮҲʶ㣬ӽʰԼȻǹֳʩ¥
һ·˳磡


40 ·ϲ
Ҳౣء
뽨ϲܽһǮ֪ٶ˵Ѿ档Ĭİֳһʰŵʳڳ㹻һλá
ˡ
ֳϵĿţȻһ̵Ļصʻϡʮֻδɢȥɥʬ죬һӵҪѰϧȴǵǰµϺѹʩļʻﳤ뿪
λѵĳ
Ǯ͸ʩ˵仰Բûס֣ĳǺϿɵġ

ʩǮͬҲûʲô˽⣬ֻΪֳŶ࿴ۡƵĳޣʵ˵ʩʵ̫˵΢еⶼ첻
Ҳĳܺá
ĵоŵͼֳ͵ҿģԾˡ
͵
ôﾡá߾ͣ
Ǯεʼ磬Լ˸ͷȻûˡ
ˣǳϵʳʹˮǲ١ĩʳɱȽӸֵǮҪĻײˣѱʲô˼ҽǻЩı֯װһۿȥҲ֪װʲôԼԵʶǮһ飬Ͼڸֳվͬһսڡ
Կǡ
ʩ鲻װԺҲ˺
ֳЩνȻȷ飬ȻҲͷƽҼװǡ˵Һ涼ǹڻڣһ˾Ҳ
ǵȻҵǹɲǸǵģֻҪ˸Ҷ˼ұ֤һǹ죡
һ˵ǮʱеüɫڼϵͳôЩ꣬󰮺ûû䡣
ѽʲô95ǹӦúɣ
ֳǵ˵ѾװȫЩ档
ǵȻǾװQBZ95ܸϵͬಽǹҲһЧΪİףܴﵽ700/֡⣬ӵٶȳ900/룬ǰѾŶʽǹټҸ׼ȫõ֪˭ɵġĻɫҲսõͨ붼룡
ܴﵽһ߰ٷ
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Ҫ֪92ʽǹҲ30/֡м任еʱ䣬ٶȻҪٵһЩһ߰ٷ붼ٶȡǶԸɥʬʱⶫֻɥʬͳ岻
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ֻ٣ʵϺôҪõĹпܰ쵽սĻٴܴﵽ100/֡
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ֳܿǮ֡ԴԼߵĻҲ;ӵһµ֪ĩǰսǱ;û֮ǰٷ齨ĻӦûһʱ䡣
ιιҲָ̫ҡԶǹȷû˵ûôӵ
˿ֳ飬Ǯͷһˮ
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һºֳҲֻðοԼбûǿ
ʱȫעʩ濪ڵǰ·иվǵͲˣҪҪȥһЩ
Ȼǿ϶ģû͵ĻǷ
˳ûܿߵġˣȫԿˡֳҲ˳˸顣
ΪԶеĵطվɥʬ࣬˺ܿϡȻ԰ȫԵʣ·ҴѾѼͻܳȡȫù⣬Ҳ˳
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ǮڼվתһȦʲôõĶҲûҵɳ̾һ𣬶ҲгԿڣûԾɿߡ
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СĵĶһĪ˸ͱõǮ񲻵òһ˶ĵתַ
ֳʩµϳԼɰʮͣ͵ǮҲû̫ʱͰװṦ˺Ѽվͣһͨɣ˹ǮԼδõĳûУκûгԿףӰһܴļɲ˭Ļġ
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㲻ǹֳҲо̺ܣڿĵطԸһֻ䵥ɥʬĻаѾҲ㹻ˡ侲ĬɥʬٶȺ˹ķλȻ󷢶ܼԱ˹ȥͬʱɫĹâһţɥʬץצӾСһϡعֽеɥʬȻŭ񣬵ȴֳް취
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ȻؼԼһǹ֣˭붯˺ã
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42 ӡĵ
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ݳɥʬȺԱ߿ɲһҪǧƵɥʬġΣգûһˮȵϸһɥʬ˵Щջ
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ҪǷŵĩǰںﻻľֹôһѡϧΣǮûػֻҪܰ95ǹͬЩӵһЩƽ㲻ʲô
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45 Ӫڵɧ
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46 ¾㱸
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47 öɥʬ
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֮ǰƽʱֻǰɥʬʱܿҰޣҲûֱ̫ӵӡڳӣٻͷɥʬʱ;̫ˡƶٶȽϿһνɥʬǾ복ӲʮԶĴȺͨɥʬѾһξ롣
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48 Ǯ
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һֱ״ξеĴģͨھУܹʮˡ˾ļСؼŵҪԣֻǵǰ׳ϡ
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ָԵ˽ļ
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촫ϢûһõģҲѹɫѿˡ
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ֳⴧһ䣬֪ԼĲ²ʵܽӽࡣ
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СʱֳǮһġ
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ǮҲЩԸɢȥĹЩҡ
ֳûĻɫصĿ棬ʵ˵ô֪أϽʱ򣬳ûβɥʬ

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57 ɽ
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רָһǹǺбҪġ


59 ʽ
53ѰУִˣ
Ǯ껷ϹŵԶԭ˻ҳʱֶģǮ˱
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ԱߵֳҲǹЦŰοһ䡣
ǮָѵֳǹѾ˲СĽһУʮ׵Ĺ̶Ѿƽ߰˻ĳɼˡӵܵļӳɣִǮѧСɣزҲԤ֮Сʩ棬ȻֳһŮ˵Ҳܿɹ
ǹǮ˽¶ʩҲϿɵġ
ʵѾˣǹⶫϾͻѵܴɵġؼǼס˵ģǹĺҪһЩ׼ʱǹڿѹһЩУǹ̶УƶİӻҪǰ
ǮٴһҪ㣬ȻһڽĿֺȹ⣬ƿӴ̨ȥ
еġм伸ǹֳʩʾʱڿѵȳԷٲǿ羰˵ͺͺɽҲ˵ʲô羰гҪһЩôܿһЩ⡣ǮԼĻ˵͵ˡ
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˵ҪѵʵսԴģĻ粻򡣡ֱֳǮĻס
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ÿطɽȫģ
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ֳܸоԼǹͻһ׶κѸͣϰô󣬷νĵҩҪǹҪǳõʵս
ȻֳԶǹĸоˬ죬ֳ֪ĸϡݳ޵ѵջӵѡһЩӵ꣬ĻԼܣ
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취󳵣ǰͬһߡ
ֳ룬ܿ¶ġӵеԽԽ࣬ҪһװʳϺӵҪᳵͨĿҲ㹻
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ֳеĵһӡǣǷ
ΪؿɽûʲôԴؾúһ㡣쳯ֻССǮ˵Ҳֻʮˣƽʱкܶ򹤡˵ǸϢپζɥʬҲ٣
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ذ
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ֳкһ׼뿪ʱһ˿Ħгس￪˳˸ԾǣȻһļճƴ׷žֳܿĦг˵Ľͷŭк漪ճ˵š
ˣ߰ɡ
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60 
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ˣ뿪ʱߣҿԱ֤ǵİȫ
ʩ滳ǻûԼĻʲôǣԿǿһ顣
ȥģܴгԵ𣿡һʮҵŮȿڣĻܻᵽԼں⣺Եģ
мˣܱܲǣ
һԱ¶ոնʮͷŮӣЩŮƯһֳ˵ıҲͷЩġ
ܴùɥʬ𣿡
һٸҲʵŨŨĻɡǹҲԶʮ˰ȫ
ʩ澪ȵĿǣ˺һʵǡѵԸộ뿪߸ߣܱðɣ
̣ȿڵٸǣ̣ңҲҳԵģҡԸ˯ĶˣЩߵҲɥʬҧˡҲʲô𣿡
иӵŮ˼ʩŵƯҲķ̵ӦǹĲɻǰ˱ˣʲô˵ǣ
һʱ䣬ʩ·ʸ֮ģЩŮȺ֮


63 ɥʬΧ
Щˣжٶɥʬɱˣ뻹ţԱڳ־̬ȣҲҪȣ
仰ʩ泹˳Ĭ
ЩŮУͷβֻһԥһ£Ҫ뿪Ů˿ںܿ˻ȥһûᡣλյӶǰ龰Щ⣬Ȼһֱûڣͱڳˣ
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Ļʩһͷ˼һᣬȻøӵ˿Щͬŭ̧ǹ׼ǸͷĿ
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˵ζŸɡʩеɬţ˸

쿪ǮԼĵصʱֳ˶Խ
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ֳĻ˹ȥǮǱȴûлӦеԾѾ˶ԽõķΧôûӦأѲǡ
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ȻӺǮ򿪶Խʱ򣬶洫ܼǹɥʬĺǮһ߱һߴģұһȺ׵ɥʬΧסˡʱסǿҲ
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ֳĵһ䣬ͬʱӵʼſڻϵɥʬԼײᶥһֻɥʬǰϣҪײƵ粣ʻҡ
ģʱˡ
ǮɳƵɤӻشһͬʱ͵һɲǰɥʬ˦ȥȻʱΣգȴúɥʬ׷
һ˲Ŀ϶ǮץһǹŴ͵ľһ׷ɥʬǷ·ʲôһƵģԼͬһ͡ϧǣЩɥʬǶ׵ģͨǹԻɱǡ
ﹷյɥʬ׷ᣡ
ֳһٴгӣըֻըǮĳը٣԰ըһЩλסȻһըֻɥʬûǮĴõԵĺת
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ԼˡɵɥʬǷĹֽСǲûбܣײеֻɥʬץסĺϡֻɥʬͷֳǵĳϣһġһҡΡ
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⧲ʩһʶһſֻܹɥʬצӡΪôһ㣬еʱƫһͷײ˻ϡ
Աߵֳ֪ϣ̺ݺݵĴȥɫĹâ֣ܵһɥʬֱնϡɫճѪҺ˳մȾʩʹȣ쳣ġ

һֵֻɥʬһֻǶ˵ش˶ȴû̫Ӱ졣ܿ죬ͰԼһֻҲ˽
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㱻ɥʬǸĶŵѪɫΧȫǶɥʬܡ
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˵ǹܶȥֳ֡Ǯ˵ڹȵ¼׼ǹĥųըŵĿܣ˶˲ôࡣ

ʱ򣬾ܵкҪġΪǮǱߵĿ粣飬ѾΣա˵վУֳȫ˼ɵҩģҲûгԼǰٽ㶹ǹֻŰһƴɨ䡣
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ķߣҲǱٷӵӲɼΣֱӱͷǮĿ͵һᣬٶȺܿɡ

ֳҲֻɥʬڼζϴһƶкѣֳǽ߾ȫ׼šɽĶѵЧֻ˰еɨĿ꣡
Ƕ׵ɥʬڱӵԴҲҪҵġǱϾ޵еĸף
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٣ڸ˵𣿡
ӵͣסŲŵЦһһոµľŶʽǹûüһǹ죬ӾҽǹҲžһڵϡ
Ļȫ㣡
̨ǰǮ֪ʱѾǹЦݵĿˡղֻ˦һǹֱӽӵǹˡ

һȻžóһϲŵ⻹һͬžŶʽǹ
ôɣ
ֳ˿ǰͬµǹɻҲǵõƽؿͶľԮ䡣ɹ黳ɣ˵һУҲ㶹ǹŪ˳һӵʱת˲ţ˸ûע⵽ϸڡ
λҽǻʵһĺã
ֳ˻㶹ǹ̤ǰʩѹ
ҲصϣʩǰѰһܡԶǹԼָͬǣôͷǸɫʮѿû뵽ҵһŵȻôֵҴߣ
㿴ˡ
л˵ǹ
ʲôȥˣǵĶԶ
ֳЦţٴǰһѶǹ
ֳߵǰǹָţԥǲҿǹֻ֪ҪԼ΢춯Զǹװ˺Ƭ֮£ǹԹԵֳǹ
ʧȥѻƵľŶʽǹ˵ƶʱ
ֳûô׷Źǡǹʩ棬ȻߵǸ֮ǰšȴ亹ǰһȦȻ̧֣͵ĶļһǹУ
໣
ӷһĲҽУֳòһϥײȻһŰֱֱ߷ɳȥ
ϴ󣬾ң
ֳ¿þȫģȻûܣҲ㹻شˡӹһֻĴϺڵϰšž
ԸĶˣ;Բֳ㣡


69 Ԥ
ǣ̫ˣҲֻõԵĶѡԼ˱ͷǸǿסŭֳ顣
ֻҳԵģ⻰һ𣿡
ֳõĳŪղֻҪʾȺ˾ͻôߡ˵ǵʳˣеĶҪߣ
ðɣǵĴǸ
ͷ֪ǰ˲úŪƱǿҲֻܹԹԵĵͷ
Ǯһڳһ鲻ԸӣƵġ
ѵ𣿡Ҫȴ޿κΣȻ⻰Ҳֻ˵˵
ҴˣӣҲǵǸ
ڵ۵ӷߺ޲ѣϴ󿪿ˣҲֻǿڳڵ˵ԡԲҲˡ
ߣ
ֳǮʹ˸ɫǹ
λֵܣǵǹ
ͷӼЦͼֳǹҪղŵѾҿˣǹҲû˰ɣûǳȥ϶ֱӱɥʬŪ
׳ղŸ㣡
ֳЦˡѾ£ûɵǾͲˣȻҪǹ
ĺúõģûҪͰ͵İǹ͸˼ңȻԼĸ㣡
λֵܣһĶףҲܰưղǲصҲ˿ͷ˽ѵˡ˵ǶԶǹҪСǹʲôãλְ̧ǹǣԸö֪ѪҪˣð귵ԼϣȻˮͷ
һ⣬Ȩ
ˣ⣬ܲ𡣡ֱֳӵľܾˡ
ǸͷӲ֪ǣֵԽ˳ֳԽǹֳܶ˵ȷʵ󣬵ҲԲܻǡ֪Щ˻᲻ӸһǹǹԶԶǹһɱˣ
ֳͷҲ˼ҵТģҿ°ɡ
ǮͻȻվ˳Ļֳе㲻⣬ôͷӶ˼ϣ
ТʵЩ̶ֻҪܰǹҪߺߡ
ǹܸǵġǮĺѪˣֳڣ˼ҵĶҲҪһˡ
ˣ
ӾԼѾ޿ֳָ̣죬ǿаסˡʱʾ£ǰӣȻ˵һߵĽͣǲʱ߿ȫ˳ޡ
ֳе㲻
ǮҲע⵽˵ı飬΢ԥһºֳĶҪֱӣ
ΣǮҲɱ
ΪֱӶ֣
ֳȶеԥ̧ͷ˿Щ˵񣬶ʱ¶˾ġΪ˱Լߵ˲вҲбҪȡʩɣͣߣǸҸ
ֳĻǸһ·ǲʶȤҪǾͱˣ
ҲáǮͬ顣
ֳǮʱ򣬳ҲһšȻѹúܵͣɴĻѹŵ鲻Ѳ³Ρ˵£ͷǸҲЩѹסˡò⼸뿪ĸϣһһѣ
ǹвȻ󣬵а취ġһˣʳŮ˾Ͷˣ
ߵ̴öܺã˭û뵽Ĵûˡһֱ˵ִﳵĵڶ磬Ծû˿ӡ㳵ĵƽϸߣ»ǽˮˡֱڳߡμ˲òһöţʡˮࡣ
ҹĴ갡
źڳ죬¶һ˿˼ı顣ļкüûĴˣ
ټ
СҲò̫Ծû̫֣࣬ʦһҨˮ
˵𣿲ѣҵϣһֱ¡պһ߸̣һĥιˡ⼸һֱûȱԵģҪͣˣһҪ°ˡ
޷ҾͲ¸û꣡
ֳ뷨ܼ򵥣ʳƷ㹻һ¶û⡣ڳϣ¸Ļ졣֮ǰһԼ׼Ķֱװ˰µϡ
ʩ棬ֳİĦȻ˵ʲôַС඼
ʮˡ
ָ磿ͻȻҵϴһ˿
ֳе⣬ȣСʵôˣ
룬ȷĵҾãе㲻ԡǸ뿪׼
ô꣬ǺΣյģҳҲϨ𡣡ֳ㲻û⣺˵ˣʵĺܣʮҲ
ĽǾáԥһ£˵ԼĲ²⣺ôµĻָҪʯɽˣ
˵ʲô
ֳ󾪣ʩָҲ͵һ¡
㿴ţûʯֺ֮
ƮƮһ仰ֳˣϸ룬ﴦɽԵûʲôֲǡ´Ļ˵ֺܱðĴȥƺҲΣաһȺĶɥʬǿ޶ûطˣɥʬǿɲ´ģ
ӳԭرתȦֳ͵̧ͷʵȷʯ
⡭Ҳֻǻɣ˵׼ֻ֪
ҧҪٵȵȿɡ껹ǲͣĻҾͼߡĻôܼһ£˯ʱͻȻѸٳ붼ûܣ
ֳüҪǵ껹ûͣأҪҹ·
߻߲ߣǸ⣡
ˣ֮ǰûйʯɽļ¼
Ȼ̾УǰˡʱصĴͳ·ʯˣϼʮһ⡣⼸һֱû˵жҲԥֻʵ̫󣬰˵
ܵȵϣ
ֳ˼ӣ¶ģһһֱͣҹ·ĻΣա˵ţ˿Ȼڲһ̵㣬֮ǰ껹ͣߣ
ðɣһͣˣʯʼûɱҡ

ӲΣǽ֮£ֳеľ貢ûɣðǸգģûҲ㣡


70 ʯ
ȻѾ⣬˱㿪ʼΪ׼
ʵҲûʲôʰģѾװϣĶҲڳϲûж¡Ҫ˵ǷһͰ͡Сź֣ʦеۣǱϾʣµһˡֻһֱ˼ҵʳգǮһɣҲ˵ܾĻ
ҲҪȥ
ûоܾɼﻹЩɻġҲһԹۣ뿴ֳǵ׼ɶ
㲻Ҫʯʲôģǰ׼һ¡
ֳÿЦĿǸԼ޹ˣϾԼҲȷ
ʯ
Сŵɴ۾ɫеŹ֣꣬ûʯءе˰ɣ
㿴ţѵ֮ǰûʯЩô𣿡
ҾСŽŽɣߵǰ⿴˿ɷ۹ȥȫĻԶһЩͰããʲôҲ塣ҡҡͷϽ˻ȥ
ҲùǺ
Ǯһ䣬Ȼ̫ţǹԹԵ׼
Լ˶ţպץס˵һ䣬ղſ⻻˶ȹ˿࣬ɳȡȻȥ˵㣬պԼȴȫȻû⡣Ҫһܹܷģʲô
ʯǾÿ𣿡
һҲ˴ͷе⣬˸û¡
Ц޷ǾµĴ˵㣬ʲôʯ
ҿСĹͷˣ
Ҫô죿ô꣬ҿɲ׷ȥ
ҲȥһêˣɥʬΧסˣ
۷׷ףܵ˵ڻɺ̡
ϵֳÿҲܲµʲôֻѾȥЩ˼ȫڿϮˡ
ڵλѾɽıԵλãʯҲ̫ܵӰ죬ؼĴͶɥʬҪΡϧǣƾʼ˿ͣƿһЩҲǿ
һֱ濴ɫãĲԽŨ
߰ɡ
Ļֳ³һߣ
ƣֳҲòˡ£ʩǮ񶼻صϣȻѸٷ
λأ
Ǯͷ˵һһδȻҧ˳
Ӳһ棬ʱеһεٶȡҲžž»ĲϣһˮۡˢˢţڴǰȴԵ൱ɼ൱͡ϵĻˮҲҵû˴̥÷ʱϨīƺͺķһĩٵĸоȻҲˣ
ҪĪ
ǰɣ߰
Сԥһ£һ뿪˿꣬Щµɥʬǰѻ˻ȥҲɫӵĿĻվûһѡȥҶʵ̫Σˡ
⣬Ϩˣ
ŸտȥûûſڣµϳͰչˡʩ浣ǵĵ˵ʲôȻ侲Ĵ𡣷κ󣬷Ȼ˵ת
֮£ǮĿҪúܶ࣬ϾҪһЩ
죬Ĺ·ϣʵڲеĻͶеǮĳϣȻͷҡ
˵ţֳӳðȥš
򿪳ŵ˲䣬ֳͱ꽽ʪ۾šʩǮԥѸٿ˹·ˮЧҪһЩóǿʻҲֻǿʻѣû˸Ұѳȥ
Ǯһ߽ǰ·һԹһ䣺㣬⣡
͸ԽֳĻɽӿڵԹľɽĻ̫ˣȷʵܳ⡣
Ҳ֪
ǮĻû˵꣬˾͸о΢һ£ųܸо
ͬʱһֲԤС
󣬵ٴ΢ε𶯾ܼࡣͬʱԶ˵ͳġ¡¡ľ졣ǻĴ궼޷ֳȻתͷɸ޾ȴʲôҲ
ʯˣ
ɫò˵û뵽ԼȻ˵ˣ
ź¡¡ĲϽӽҲԽľĪԼһӺֳѾԼһɺڻƽӵЮ޿ƥеƴԶڳ£ϯһУи赲ȫݻ٣ܸԶԶĿУŵκ˵༸ʮǹɳģʯͽ׷ǣˣ
죬ܣ
ֳҲ˲ӻΣգ˻ߵĴ󺰳ʩǮҲ󼱣׷ðų·Σշ١ˮת̥˦ü׸ߣǰˮ˼ס˵粣ȴ
ʱƴǰ·ͣһ
챣Ӱ
صʱ̣ﲻæƴֳҲ֣ĶǸܵλڡ˼ҿ뿪ˣôʵڵģ翵һЩ
Сģǰй䣡
һ˲ƵļСǮ˼ʮϽһͬʱƴ̡
۵Ŀ·߻ʮףĦһ·𻨣ǿ˹
ʩڷӦʱҲоգҲĳտ
ôһ飬ʯ˸ǵľ롣ǴɽﱼڳѾþǵٶѸټֳԴ־ע£ǰͷ嵽ǻжʮ׵ľ룬ȻҲ׷ˡֻʯɥʬһζţܿ㳹ʧȥӰ
ҺǴĵطɽԵ
۾ֱĸ̾һ䣬ǽٺϲá
ǮҲ֪ʱȫˣ΢ٶȣŤͷһۡѾɺǱʯǵĳһƬܿʵǣʮǰ޳Ѿʯˡ
ǰ˸ˣҵֳҿҪȻ
ȻʲôǮû˵˿϶֪ȻĻĸҲˡ
⻹øл㣬ûѹ벻ֳҲûӹ֪µȷĹ͡
Ҳֻһ˵Լû¶ġ
ҲԼûʲôؼֳǬ˵˼󣬼˶ԼͬЦ˳
ܻã


71 ֲ
һֱµ㣬֮ȻСʼûͣ
Ѿշתɽ˿ų·εţһʱ䲻֪ĶȥڶٶʯĿֲСֳѾȰӰ죬׼Ҹ԰ȫĵطҹҹҰ̫ͣΣգһ·ϲʱĶɥʬõ֤
ֳҪ£ʾ֭һᣬڵҼǵøиСӣȥ
ɥʬӦòٰɣǮе㵣ģͶ
ЦЦ͵˵Сӣĩ֮ǰܹҲˣܱɶɥʬĿ¸١
ǮԷģֻôˣǵǲ塣
ȥ
ֳҲͬ˺ܿһ·ڹ˹·
ĵƲݣͨС·ҲʯӣԾвٻˮȴͨСʮӺһȥЩưܵĴǰΪѾʧȥ˵ڳƵĹ¿Щšɢֻɥʬĺ˹̱㱻ǮֱѹԸ⼸ֻ䵥ͨɥʬǹװʽװƽ
õʱϧƽʱʡһžһš
һͨԺǮ򿪳һǹͬʱȡǹҹﴫԶЩڴɥʬʱˡ
ͨɥʬʮˣһɥʬһ٣⻹ʮֻɥʬ
ͨɥʬǸٶȣֳܿȷ˱
سǵʱڴ˵Ķɥʬɹ롣ָװԸʮֻɥʬڻ¡ǮҲͦɵĴ˸ڣһ߶ǹһǰļֻɥʬ
ιιɥʬҰɡ
ۿܽɥʬԽԽ࣬ͨɥʬѾ٣ֳԼܵĿҲԽԽǿҡһɥʬĻ꾧ѾڸǶɥʬϾһʮأ
ףֻȰ⼸ֻɥʬɵʣµɥʬɥʬΪ壬ɱˡ
Ǯ֪ǸڸɵвǵɥʬɱɥʬˡֻҪָɥʬľ룬ʣµɥʬȫǰӡֲΣյʱֳҲٸǹתг㶹ǹɫâҹ䲻ϵĻÿɥʬ£
Ӻɥʬȫ
ֳ³ɢĻ꾧ףɴΪ˷ܡ
ӳͻƵĶΣҪȻ֮ǰࡣĴڣֳٶȷ֮ǰ졣Ŀʮ꾧ٶȥѾԶˡҲζţڻӣըûúӵеٻֲ
Ȼһҹ¡
ΪɥʬҹﻹƽȻʱεĶɥʬĿ꣬Ǵﶼĺܷɢڸûﵽǹ֧ĳ̶ǰЩɥʬһֻ
ʱ֣𾯽ֳٴջ
ȫЩպڵѾԣһµĶ塣ǡýƿɢãֳԡɹͻ
ôн⣿
㿴ֳͻʱֵĹâɵۣɫǮһοʱʮơ
ǮЦеĿ˿ֳȻȤζĴı飺ţܡ
Ĵ𣺡Ϊʲôǰ
Ļʩ˻ȥֳѾ첽ȥʲôǽ𣿡

ֳЦЦʼۼܿһһ˸ߣ׳ļǽǰµɫǽӲȼߣȴ൱ᣬ֪ǺֲʹɡĴС״ֳƣ£ǽʼݱħС̽ԿԸı䣬˶Ƶ״Ŀֱֳϡ
ܵסǹ𣿡ʡ
ԣ
˵ţֳóǹ۶˰ôľ룬ǹӵֻĺۼʩĶǹӵҲһСףֲȻĻҪʵ
⡣
Ǯ°ͣͷȻǸʲôأ
ôֳҲ㶣̧гһμǽֱӹ˿ĳ⣬ոպϡ
䵱ҵĵ𣿡ʩĥһ£˵һ;
ڱôһʱ벻ٻĵʱ䶼࣬ɥʬ޷ֱӵ˺һַԵʩú»ҪֳȥĿ
Ȼбĺôֱ۵ľܵˡ
ڵ㶹ǹ׵Ľٻ֧տİ£ɳսѾȫû⣬żӣըҲ֧ţ
һϢ
ֳпӡľңѾ֧㶹ֽҩˮˡȷѡϺܿһƿűɫӨ͸ҩˮ
ҩˮ
ǮǣƺҲһڡ
ôྦྷһģֳȻǮҲ˷ѡⶫֻٻ㶹ֵãŵһƿʦ̲û𣬶һֻһСڣɤӶ첻
ܹ㶹ֵ
һͷҩˮ
ůܿ쾭壬̺ٴٻ㶹ѾȻȥԾ㶹ǹ̬ٻʱѾȡ֮Զװӵߴһǧӵ⣬֮ľǹԶʧǻӵ㶹ǹһֱڣ˵ӽһֱڣܻûġ
һļǿ
⣬㶹ǹҲһһ֮ǰӿһ·һֻɥʬֳֺµ㶹ǹܴΪ⡣
ǿԺǮҲΪĽĵԸɥʬҪǿɱ١㶹ǹԾɲ⣬ĺܶܶҵľʽˡҼǵǿϷӦû˫㶹ֺķǹ֣ٻʤеȫǹе
ֳϸһ£ҡͷǹֻԶأ˫ֵĻǿڴһ¡
ǲƽҲҪǮһ䣬ȴ޿κΡƷûˡ
Ӧþֻаɣû취ĺÿ
ֳڳһС˵־ӣǮŪһɨա
ʰһ׼뿪ſӣǾͿ·ԽҰճֻʵӣ滹׷żʮֻɥʬ
ȻҴ߱ɥʬ׷ɱ


72 Ϣ
ǮһۣܿȷϵһҲǱһȺɥʬסˣ
ʮͷɡֳԶԶһ£ܶԸˣǵϣȥæ
½׵ҵɥʬɱ˾ͺİˡ
˺£ܴ
ͨˣôɥʬͷɿʩǮ񶼾̫࣬µӭȥ
ʱճҲǡ΢궯һºһ߿ǹסĶɥʬսһóȣСģЩɥʬĺܣ
Ȼǰֳ⼸˵˲֪ǳĲ
ĵصֳһԽᶨҪ⼸ˡ
ԼɥʬΧס£˭ôѱ˵ģ˵ͺǹһˡۿžѸԶǹ͵³ֳ࣬㶹ǹҲʼ
ӣը
ҵıը󣬰Χסճɥʬ͹ҵֻΧȦʱһȱڡ
ɥʬΧЩȻоѹһ֮£Ҳ׷׿кӵɵĻЩɥʬҲ̲ס˿һξ롣ᣬԲľԽҰ͵ٶȣʱЩɥʬ
ֳɲŹǡ
ʩǮܿתͷ¿˹˵ĺ£ɥʬܿ챻˴룬ʣµɥʬٲȻѾɲֻܿûǮģͷݳԼǹ
ֻսȻûˡ
㶨
һըɵʣµɥʬֳδĸо
ȷȫȻմѪպ͸ļճҲͣ³ϴдѲϲúδȫɢȥĽš
ֳȵǣǵﶼŲǹͺŸͬҲо£ͷμСô͵Ļѹֿڼʮֻɥʬ³ôã
ǣͣ
ȿڵ˴źɫװƽͷƺǶӳĻǿ佱Ҳֳָףղŵıըһ°Ѻüֻɥʬ˺Ƭ
ллǰæ
ļҲ׷׿ڣָлġ
ûԮƾǿҪﱯˡ
Ϊղŵĳѣֳӡ󲻴ǿĻӦҶ࣬æӦõġҽֳҵļλѣǮ㣬ʩ档
ԸգСӵĶӳ
ҲĿ˼䣬ȻΰĶѽһ飺񻢣ӣƽһжֻǽܵƽʱͷ˿㣬۾βסľ档
ôʲô𣿡
˳ƽΪʲôôԼ
ƽûش𣬶´˼ֵۣ̯̯㵹Ǻһѣڰأһף㣡ͦɵģ
˵ʲô
һ𣬷·׻һ㣬һŷӦ
⸱ӦƽҲˣŴʵɣѵйϵ
⻰عΪ˷ܵĵұ簡ǴС󶼺񣬶Ҳȫԡֱǲи̣
ƽ룬û̫עУ
Ǿûˣû뵽ţ֪ϻ˻ţʱȫסˣ޲̾͸ϵȷһ¡
ɺϣû˵ˣ
ԸǺֳǮе꣬ôһϹϵұ˴˼䶼ýࡣ㣬ƽ׷׵Ϣ
Ե֣Ϊһ
˵ţԸ룬ִӼճơƺʹװסúõľۻһӱ˻͡ô飬ֳǮҲȴ緹ûԣٳһҲûʲô˵ġ
Ϊ˴ӡ󶼲һƿơȥ˾Ŀˡ
ĿȻʩ棬Ըµ˴ΪޡϧʼհֳԱߣʵжԼѾΪйĵĻԾкܶ࣬񻢺͸ӵʼǮȭ
ĩѵôһΣþ˾Ҫˣ
ֳҲỮȭȴûУڸԸսϢ
˵ЩǰɷģֳָָǵĳЩǹ
Ըտɻ󣬻شͨʿиǹеӵ׵ȵȣֻҪȫظίУȫܻίеݣռʳȼ͵ģģ̽ɥʬȺֲģƶɥʬ֮öأ

ֳע⵽ʡ
ǰԼʣʵǱȺɥʬռ죬һֵĵطһЩоܻ豸Ĺҵأֻߴ⡢ʼɢ֮ġǵĲǹһ߼ҹСģףϧ֮ǰΪӦɥʬȫһա֮ǰһҪҪѻǹģҺûȻӵͲã
˵ԸյŲʹ׵ļ۸ǲƣҲҧģֻǸոȫùˡ
ǹҲؾͲԼ𣿡ֳеɻ
ԸպһơƣƿӵǣҲ̫СһʡصĴˡ֪һܻؾɷ˲°ǧ֧ǹֻصţһëѣǵõģʲôҰػתľ𹤳ҲѾָˡ
ֳЦЦǿˣ
Ҳô˵ԸЦЦȻͨίеʽҲӦ˲װʡ𴦻صֻܹžȼãѾĺܺˡίҲǿԵģԸðյĿԼ룬ԾܶڻһȫƾԸ
ô˵ص쵼ˣôǵ֮ǰǣ
Ըһ㶣һ²˵˵ЩҲŹģ֮ǰƺǱһǰүʱ˰ɡ
ɡ
ԸյĽҲЩֳܾ಻һ߾ͺʹĻĻؿ綼ŰʵƵĴʩˡ
˵һɣڸղžķϣҸѡطίд󲿷ֶˣʣµĴһЩΣԸߵģֱĳƬɥʬ֮ġҲ뷨ĻҪץȥˡ
Ըյֳ˶ݵĳ˼˿Ȳ㣬˾ҲԿȥؿˡһǮ㶼мֳԼԻصίҲһЩȤɱɥʬʱ˳ܻһЩľеһã
Ȼã˵ĹȴҲ


73 ǰʡ
ˣֵˣǻýء
ֳ˺һԸ֣ĶԱȻԸеͦߡôһҶЩԸվ
Ը˵είУղֳԸ֪ΪȷΧɥʬķֲԲŻԶصķΧ֮ǰЩɥʬ̽ʱģǷӦʱѾסˡ
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ƽҲԸյĻðҲΪɵίжܼ졣
ҪȸŰæͰʱ䡣ȻһȥҲȫֳʱõ˸ǵͬԸе㲻˼ǵ񣬻鷳Ƿġ
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ԸеΣֻܸмĵðɣλȥǵıһ롪ٷӵʮʳǱپС
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ƽҲĿŮɿˡǹҲؿ϶Сϵ˼ֻԱô棬ܿܵ˵治డ
Ƿģֳˣ˵ЩŮܱҸãʩŷ̵һԼйɱ
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쵽ˣϤĻԸЩ˷ܵĵ˳Ÿ·һСʱȻڻȥǰء
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ԸյĻûż￪һ·𽥿ҴߵӰӡЩ˳⿪ȻίгȥɣһЩֳһҴߣֻǴӱĸġ
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ͨļ˽˴š
ϵǣĲǸס޵ˣǻԡҵԱ
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⵹ӲԵĹ涨ֻǻظ߲㴦ڶڲĿǶġ
ӻǽӴǵĲǸʱסԱѾԿ龰ǳֻ֡ǰ棬洦ɼѲʿĻΧǽǾﵱĩǰĳҲδɡ
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˵ţǮݹȥһ̡Ըǵ˵ʳʱ̾ƻױƷ֮ݳƷҪϡȱһЩǮղע⵽˵ݷƣҲе̲ζȻǸ̹Զ֢ҩ
³Ĺ涨ϽÿҪ
۾ĴתȥΪѣɾǲá


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ȻֻԵģ滹и߱;½Ļ֡½϶ǲ˽ģ߱һЩҪĹԱӽ켰ľסأͨĻҪϸ̲顣ʵҲĩȻˣҴ˻ǻ᱾ܵĻֳײ㡣
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΢΢һ㶣ƺеԼܾˡЦЦǣίбӦģҵļҲӡҪǴøңٽӱίаɡ


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߸룬˵Ҿò̫ƽʱҲ̵ͦģܻбԭɣ϶Ǽйء
Ҫǳȥһ£ǵ鷳
̫ðɣ˵ҪһóȻùϵĻ
Ͳ˰ɣȿڵ˵һЦ·׼ƽ˼Ƶģ˵Ļ㲻ֲܲȫ˵Ҫ޷ǾԼֻ֡Ҫ˽ֳʲôˣͷӴ϶ǻ£
⡭ðɡ
߸ԥһ£ǴӦˡ
ǣƽԼ֪¾ͱС˽Ӳ˼ˡ

Ժ󣬸ӴֳǮȥڻסΪĹ磬ԻֵһЩƾɵƽһʱ©ˮ֮ǰı꣬ǵ
оͲˣķӶҪ󲻵أ
Ընƽ⣬ܷŵĩǰס200ƽ׵ĺԢ
֮û¶ʮֻӭƽҲЦŷ롣
ֳԸֵһǴӦ
Ըհһȣ˵ˣ˵ǽ˸ɥʬίУ
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ֳ˵ͷԼµԸյ뷨
Ȼž󣺡ǸίҪ2000ɥʬɣĸȥĻܻѣҵҩҲԣֵҲӽֻҪ㲻ԣĶԶ԰֮֡ǰ˵Ǹչվ涫٣Ӧû˽ȥ԰ֶ㹻˵ģ
Ը˵ĻҲгˡ
ǱˣֳֻĸһʩһŮӡ԰ֵĻǿ϶ҪԿ
ֳоܾͷģԸ͸©Ϣı⡣չվûȥĶƾδꡣ˷ѣԸ
ţ̧ͷ˿Ǯ񣬷Ҳͬ˼
Ǿô˵ˣӭһ𡣡
ĻԸһϲĵֵܾܷģֵܿ϶ȫԿġ
һʽ׾ôöˡ


77 Ǯ
߱DԪ
һԱᣬո˾ӽļ⣬һЩŮԵĹԱҪ͵̨ԱҲסƽһЩ֦չŮӽûñĽ
˵Ҳĩǰ˼һݣϾͨĺöˡ
˿̣Ǯޱϵĵ̨壬Ĺ㲥֡ΪһΣȻܿء
ȻǸ֮ǰ϶ҲǵʱӵزãֻصҲʡίǡΪܺҲòǲרҵȻܿͷûΣĸ߹ԼʾҪźȾơ
Щ˴⣬ǮޱֻҪȥȵľͲǾƣˣ
ԱŮ˵Ҫϸ֦ӦȻȱ˵ġһܾЩ밵µײݵһŮư͵ĹȥˣһûʲôԶǮޱȴŮˣӲǶסѹԤ֮У̨λǵˡ
ڣʱصλ˾ѾȡһЩʩĳЩȻ붯˼ҲǿȻѹһЩ˽ѣǮޱǳ
ȵ¸ֱӾܣǿѹλʡίǺ󣬻صķΧʱȻһ¡
£Ҳڳͷ»صԭλá
ıһҪã
ԼͺǮޱ𽲸壬·׼šʱűƿˣһȸߵİŮĴ˽פػص27ʦʦĶŮԼסͺͶԵҲչˣǮޱܰȻŵڡ
㣬ʲô°㼱ģ
ͿǮޱʵֻһ£Խ㡣ΪŮƽܵóԵʣΪ˴»ûŮ
ŮӶǮޱĻΪ⣬ӹེˮصĵޱʲô£ʾһ£йŶ
йأ
Ǯޱգգۣʾ²ϾҪǰλһ²ǡ
Ҿ֪Щĵĵ֮ǰ㲻ίҰæǮ𣿸ղҵߴΰȥ飬Ȼҵˡʮ꣬ƺǸһġ
Ǹ֡ߡϣصǿһ£ʾԼ
ģ
Ǯޱһ󼤶ĸԼһֱǣҡ˿ȻϢǮޱվֻ룬ֿĶ֪ˣлл㣡
ǣҶޱȻõģ
Ǯޱôһ䣬ʱеƮƮȻǵ⡣һʲôƵģӶͳһֽǸĵַȥԲԡ˵ֺͶû⣬ҲһҪҵˣ
ô˵Ҳ֪ˡ
ʮˣ붼԰صģıͲࡣΪƽػȻڣ˶ѡͽȥʣµٲˣҪҸͬҲԵģȴ൱ˡ
ǮȻƧҲ̫ڻ
ͨKֺ17Ԫ
ǮޱӹֽĬһ飬εĽּǵ
ûзӣӦһ¡
лл㣡ĶɵǱߵǮޱٴ˵һҴææľϣϵĽҲ˲ˡ
ĹȻãɻܱԼ׸Ҫ
⻹˵żأҿ
ֹһȴЦ⣬ǮޱĹϵǺܺõġۿĸҵˣȻҪˡ

ʱڴ
ǻĻҪ𹩸ҴǵʳסޡڴϽٸŵ㣬ڰڣһȽҪҲȽˮĲˡЩҳȥίСֵòṩĹλͨ˵Ҳҵڴ˵ġ
ֳǮԸǺ󣬾·һŵ׼һѵȥ
ѵĶҪײҪϾԺ˵ҪأŪҲиŵĵطصҴҲû˭ɵ͵⣬ֻҪǲŶʱԷĴ󵨵뿪
Ϊû㣬ԵЩ壬˲ࡣ
ģס֤أ˵ֳҪѵ񣬷ŵʵ
촽һĨСӣ۾󣬿еͻʵӡ
̬ȣֳҲΪ⣬ֻԵ˹ȥ˭˽ӹ֤ɨһ£۾ʱˡϸ˿𼸸ӷ˰죬¶һ˿Ц⡣
ô
ֳе㲻ԣ˿ֵѰζ
ûʲôһָ֤װģĿ˰ͻȻžİ˦ϣһ֤⣬ɫͱ߽ǶЩòαİɣĻ϶ǲˣ˵Ҫα֤

ֳǮ£ո쵽֤ôαģ
᲻㿴ˣǽģСʱǰʿŸģôܻαģǮֱһ䡣
ǮĻ˶ʱһȵǻҵ۹⣿㣬˵αľαġߵҲ첻
˵ϣɵҲ֪Ǹȥˡ
ֳ俴һۣߵҲ磬Ҳȥ֤һ֤٣
˱ֳһɣе㷢顣ȻЦЦ˵Ǹǹȥôˣ֤ҲãٵҲã˵㡣Ҫǲаȥһؿ֤ôһôҲһ찡
ֳûôó־
һּҳɡֱϵ޿Ȼν練ơ
߰ɣ
һѣڻڵĽгϵĶǣɶܻҪ鷳ֳǮͷߡ
٣ʱ򣡡
ҲΪ⣬ֻǺٺЦĿ뿪
Ī
߳ʮֳƵıԹһ䡣֪˵ĵôģ֮ǰûɣ
񾭲ǮҲò֪ԡ
̾صʱפءʩ㻹ڳϣɫ̫ͬãƺ˲顣
ղмԳάֻΰĻˣǺۡҸǹҲ¡ͳҪģǼ˲Ŷ»ˡûֳڣʩѾ˵


78 
ֳ룬ʵŶұ˵鷳û
ûСԥĵҿǼֱǶ뿪ԺҲûҸˡ
죡
ղںڴĴֳʱ˸롣ǮһۣҲʶ㡣
ʲô죿ʩЩԺ
ֳһ£ʵĵǵˡ
˵ţѸղںڴڵ˵һ顣ڵ׵˭΢һҲ͵ó𰸣ȻλͼίеƽָʹġǺڴģԼ´кټ򵥲Ҳ˲ɹ
ǮҲ϶˵ûһǼһûˡ
ʱڴĸ
ʩĥһ£ϺܿҲֻõĵͼֶˡ
֮£̬ˣ˾ߣ˴үүضǣòˬһǡ
֮ǽǸίСȻǸƽΪίоǣɺջȷʵʲôȻ˵ֳЦһĪıôˣ׾꣡
⣬Ҫ취Ǹƽѿһء
ǮҲ˵ͷͬ˵˭ҲˬҲùɫˣڻϢһٳɡҸֳȥĽ䣬õٿŪʡʮˣܻĶƺܶ࣡
Ҳȥ
ʩѵһҪֳûʲôҲͬˡ
صĽǰСгϣкü·һ·˹ȥʵ˺һᡣ
ĩʼʱ䲻ʻͦԣġĽＷģܶ˶ֱߵĶóһЩȥίеĶҲﷷһЩ·ռʡִֿȥгǲ¼ǧˡ
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һ·ȥЩ̯ϵĶ廨šõļõǯӰ֡ˢʳﲻǺܶ࣬Һ̯ܶλҲšʳӡֳע⵽Щܶ඼вһЩƵʿ￪Уϧʽ
һЩ籩¶ŮŬĻ֦չѰԼĿꡣ
εĹսŮ˸ɴԼ۸硰ܷߡһʳһҹвƯԸеӡ
ʩһǣԸǵĻе֪
ǰһĻĻֳЩġԾ˵ĩȥҪġ
̾˿˶񣬿ʼѰԼҪĶ
ҡ
΢̸¼۸ֳʳ˫Ȼ͵ľ߼ˡǮڽ﷢˺öոµĲǹͺŻͦȫġ
ؼʱ̾ʡܶ鷳ǹҲ»Զɥʬˡ
һҪ£Ǯֳ˵һȻѯʱۣǮ
ϰƺܽҿ˿Ŵչ˵һӹͷǹֵǮ
ֳüһ⣬ϵİ˽Ʊ
Ǯ룬ʵֳɵʳ𣿡
ϰЦЦ˵Ȼԣеӳӣ֤ͯۡ
ǾûˣǮʽȻԸʳʳƷΪɴĴ׺Ҳеġһĵӳӵǲ׼ֳ̫ģǵʳ
һ˺󣬽ˡ
Ǯѡ£һÿһһűáϾĩٲ˿ĿҲб޻ˡΪ׶ҲȽϴˣϰ廹95ʽĵС
Ȼ࣬ôʤޡ
бû׻ͲʲôġǮе㲻㡣
ϰһۣȻеεĵҪǰЩ죬˵׺ͻͲҪͲսҶ취ŪһڲˣĺȫȡޣֻЩĲ߻⻹Сġָָϣ˵ϱ߹ܵϰ
ĻǮƲƲ죺սʲôۣ
ϰһЦǣ治Ʋ㡣ȷ;ŪĿأҲǸۣ
Ȼ̱Щȴʵ
ǮҲֻʼ磬Ѿ֮ϲˡ
ϰֳֹһᣬЩƷŻȥǮֳպʱһϴ˷ܺڴɫŮӼҴҵĸ˹
磡
ƿ˲䣬ǸŮӾˡ
Ǯ׼µһ㶣ѸٻعǸܶεӰСãȻû£̫ˣŻͷôϵأ̫ˣ
Ϊ̫ڻЩ״Ρ
ԹѪܰڡ
ڻعҲãǮ˺ôһᡣִ࿴ۣҭ㱾뿴žͱֳˡʱ˶ĿռһЩ
ǮûƯ
ȻֻҴҿ棬ȴ̵ֳӡԼһ壬ǱȽϸˣ˳ĳһβҲǶ˺϶ȣ⣬ɤǷǳĴһ˿ȻȻеҡ
ͦƯģ𣿡
ʩ濿ԣò˵һ䡣
ԡֳɫĻشȻ˲Ȼּ˾䣺Ư
شȻδʮģʩѾ⡣ֳ˼֣ѾܸܵĴУһ㸣
ʱǮ˳
Ǯȥ˷ĵϲûʲôȦЩˡֳˣ˹ĵллǡ
ˡֳָ֪һ·ϴ໥յ¡
ŪٺõģףҸԲǮˬʵһ䣬ѡԵԼһ㲻ʵ
ʩһۣҪ֣ϲµķϾôˣ
ˣǮýʲô㿴˼Ư̲סҪڻ
ǮɱƵ۹⿴ݺݵʵ
оɱ㲻Ծİ֣ĵʸ֣ڰɡ
ڣҾ㣬Ҵ⣡Ǯ·ڻӡ
õ⣬¶ǰ鷢ЦĵҽǮޱҲԽޱҸ磬⣬
ߡǮԾɲɿڣӣСЩɫǣһĶû⣡
ԼǺܹġ


79 ϲĻ
һԵġ
ʱǡûص㲥Ҳʼˡ
㲥ͻضĵ̨ͬҪԻڵڵġÿ춼Сʱһ㲥һЩ߽һЩضԸɥʬĽչȡΪˣÿסԪװȡȻЧһ㶼ôԾɺҴ߻ӭĩҲҪֵġ
ľǹ㲥Ƭͷ֡
ˣѹ㲥ˡ
ӵǮޱʱ£΢еûڡǮޱܿ뵽㣬Ӧûæ˵ĶʧõĹҲûʲôиڣﶼȥ
ǰص㲥ʱ䣬ˡ
һŮ𣬽ĸǮޱԼ׼ģ˿
СãôˣеʧĹ㲥ǮȤܿע⵽ԼСɫı仯
ǮޱǮģµĵûʲô
ǮԼõƢ˵ģôҲ˵СˡۼǮޱû˵˼Ҳǵֹͣ׷ʣӵΪףؾۣһһ
һֽ׷ױ𣬴һ
һϯնʱԾΪپ۲ͣʩæ˺һ󣬺ǮޱҲæĳղôʩֻûġŪһȻ˵ϷʢôҲˡƮݳȥΧھ̲סֱӣͬʱ̿ˮ
˵ڰ߱ǰŹҲĴ
Ա֮ǮޱŵĲ´ʵ磬ǽʲô𣿡
˸ίУſɡ
ǮԼȻǸίе˵һ顣
һչվǮޱЩǡ
ȻһֱڻڣҲϢ֪ͨɥʬ˶ɥʬ£ǧֻɥʬвԳ󡣾ԼģǻܷȻķء
õġ
ԱߵǮŵЦЦ˵ҡֳ㶼ǹҵʱһ˰æʮأǵĳҲװҲӲ
ǣίöˡԼĸװͬġ
òǸƽЦˣֳҲгֻҪ취ЩɥʬʣµɥʬȫɱֻҪˡ
ƽ
ǮޱһʵǸʱڴĸ𣿡
͵ִﰲأҪ쵼϶ܽг֡ƽȻֻǸҲм档
ֳ˵ͷ
Ǯޱ룬ʵ֮ǰйڣˡǡʣǡǡϵһӾˡ
ΪίС
Ǯû룬һһʮ˵ǰʼĩ
ΪһίУҸ鷳ǮޱЩŭϸ˼˺һᣬЦǲ֪
ǮһʵСãô˵
ֳҲĻ֮ɾһǮޱȻֻǸŮӣȴԻ˽֪ʲôؼԵҲ˵
ô˵أǮޱһԣϸĿǰĻӦ÷ΪɡһȻڵĻ¸˾ҲƿŻھ󲿷ֵľȨ⻹һ֮ǰʡίµֻѾƮɢңмƽӦǰε£ûʲôͶ¸źšô
ǮϲӿڵԣڵǸ˾Ҫ鷳ˣ
Ǯޱ΢΢ͷˡ
ֳһ£ȴЩǣȻ¸ƣΪʲôתͶأϣ任ӪȻΪ˲ݣҲûе¡
⻰ǮޱЩ⣬û뵽ֱֳӷе飬ɸ߿ֳ֣ҿԸһĻǵײҪ˵Ǿλ¸˾ʵǿнӹܻصģԭλҲû߲ɡδ֪˵صԾɺֽС
ֳǮǳһԼͬʵǲѹ𣿡
Ҳô˵
ԭˡֳ֮ǰΪʲôᵥڵ̨ˣ¸ʱ򶯵֡漰Լţ벻˵ֻ˷ʽԼĲˡλ˾󣬾Ͳ𣿲ƽΪʲôȨͶ¸λԲ˳ƽӦö뻹оη֮ģɥʬƽʡ
Ļû뵽һҲ֪˲εˣ
ڼﵱǮЩ̾
Լı飬ǮޱһЦ¶ط˵ǻܣڰڵҲʲôЩλ˶֪
ȻˣֻҪռһƽİѱȻϱߵݹȥˣֳܿһУռֱӰǵһ飬λƿǿ˾ͻᶯˣ
Ǯޱԥһ£˵ӦûûЩɿ֤ݡԳ˾ԸԸһڴĸֱ練ƣֻҲйǡõİ취ʮɵ֤ݣʡ÷㲻ҲҪӺڴûǸλã˲Ϊ塣
ǺϳʵõۣóǮļ˶Ŀ࿴
ɿ֤ݡˣ
ֳһԼǮܿ⡣
ԹǮ׼һ£ڿڴװ˸¼æˡ˵ĵһվǺڴķŵ㣬ǰʱܾǸʱȻɫԾǷ㣬ܶԾԱŶ췹ֳǮҲȥŶӣֱҵ𷢷ˡ
٣ǰǼһϸ˿ʱЦ֪˰ɣ
һϵţֳһЦһͷ˻֪أ
ǣʵ˵ô鷳ǼأҲû˭ɣǮһܲ⡢Щԩı飬ֿ
û˭
ЦԽ֮ǰѷվǮмĵ쵽ûаɣʳ쵽ҲûɣסİȲ鷳ûҸ˵ˣʱ򣡡
ӣǮԽ̵סûаѾ⣬ˣҲ֣
˼ǣ˹ǹȥֳװȻĵ
ޣһڣһĨ˵ƾǼԼˣʲôǹȥΪ˭


80 ֳķ
δҲ̫ˣ
ֳԾϷΪľ˷Ĵ󵨵ĿڣȡƽҲѲ
̫ΣѹͲ֪ԼˣԾһקϵļƣʵ˵ɣǲ֪ôǻصӴǻкãҲ˼Ҵ󷽲ǼƽϣȻͽ˰Ǵӻӳȥˣ
ؼˣ
ֳٺһЦŵӴĸӴ
֪ô˵ǣӴȻʱڴλˡ˼ҾƻصʳȨ˵һ˭˭͵ǣһָ͹ˣ
Ǯ·סˣΨΨŵŵʵѵλƽƾʲôԸǣѵûзô
ʲôҪд
ǰһսľ֮Īӣ˴ˬ죬һ΢Ͱ׵Ҳ̫ˣɣʲôڰأӴǷɣûкùӳԣҪ㣬ҴǸд϶ԭ㣡
ģ
м٣ƭǣ
ŶúúáҪĶֳ֣һڴӦĹ¼Ǯ뿪
߳ٲֳӶͳ¼˿ɳЦǸС˵־ļһͷ޵ʱʵ˵ҼĶˣǵĻ治ࡣλöлˣҿƽҲѲƤ
ǮҲЦһͷ˿Ǹٻļһˣֵһᡣ
ҪȥŪݱ¼
ֳһݷٻҷŵ㡣ϵǣѡԶķŵȴ¹졣µ˿סֱ֤ӸʳȻ˳ӡ˸ʱ䣬ûԵ˼
ǸƽӰҲް
ǮĲ²⣬ƽ鵽ֳǵסȻֻ˸һЩŵ㡣Ϊ֤²⣬һҿǵķŵ㡣óǮס֤ʳû죬ϵ⵽ܾ
㰡춫ΰɣ
֮ǰλ˵ûô̱̬Ҳǳӡ
һ׻ֳ֮õҪĶ֤ԣеͷֱָƽӦûʲôˡ˵еӣֳǮ鷴
ôֳǮŮ˶ʵ
Ů˱״򽻵ɣʩǮޱһûЩ֪ĸоˡ

˵ţֳ˲ż漴ŵĻ¼ﴫ˳˵ܶ࣬¼ЧãԻġ
ϸһǮޱĵ˵ͷ
ͷǮŷʵôͷ͵ȥûʲô·𣿡
Ǯޱ룬·ĻҵУֱܱӽ촦˺á
ʩҲԼĽ飺ҾãЩӣǰЩԻ¼ݡԭԼܣͼ̸ʱڴˡǴŴҵĻʲôMP3MP4ҲУֻǵøõ硣
ÿ㲥ʱݵṩ粻⣬οֳǵĳϱ̨СͲͷ
Ҫƽȡ֮˶ǡֻҪ֪ҪǮ֣һ֤ݣҲ׷侮ʯֳܿ뵽ʩ˾ٶĺ壬Щ
Ǿô˵ˡ
MPS֮¼װãصĽǣҼ۸ǳˡһںǮޱĶһСӣװ¼MP3
ȺϢɡ
ǮޱЦ˵һ䣬ȵŤС뿪ˡ
Ϊڼ԰ȫĻأֳǮ˯һ̤ʵڶ糿׼𴲵ʱЩ¼Ѿ͵ĳЩ˵ϡ
ĸһ
ҲʱڴĸƽͬšŵƽʱȻ˵ϺѣȥҲһźֻĸƽԼ֪Ĺϵʵ൱ӡûٻ๥ֻǱϿѡ
MP3
ѡ˲¼
տʼֵһƺеȻЩҲûʲô쳣Ųŵļľ͵
ɣʲôڰأӴǷɡ
һĵĻֱð亹ͬʱȴһЩݵͷ
˭ڶԸƽ
ɻţͬʱ̲סЩҡҺµ˲ԼͷһҪǧ𷸻룬ڿǽҪͷ
Լܲܳûһѻأ
ˣԼûкôֻʲô
ĸ翴һ۰칫ǸװĳЩ룬һ˳˼
õͬʱصĺ¸İ칫ھˡ
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Сʱǹϡ
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ÿ죡
׵Ǯһֻɥʬһգ۾ͳ嵽ǰ
쿪𣡡
֪˭ߺһʮ˼Ѱѹ˵סԸֽ˵زĶɥʬʡӵ޴ͷ
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Ҽǵʹ˵ɣ
ĻȫһεķسóͰ͵˵飬ѧ˺һᣬŰ˵򿪸ǸȻֺСгļؼݶԱȡ
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Ըȴֳͬǫ飬ҡͷҪ̫ǵעȫˣȻҲܹ
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ƽ˶˹ֳ̬Ϸʵߵǰ棬ЦŵӴ
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˵ҲܳѳϵĹˣ
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ƽǷ׷׿ڣ˵Ļƽһ󵨺
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ɱӣ
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Ըŭ죬ֱ֮ӱֵ㻹ΪӲɱ㣿Цһ̧ǹƽԴϣһǹ
ֳҲ̧ǹݺһӱʬţ
١١
ƽŤ϶һ˿ѣббĵ˵ϡ˭Ҳ֪ĺڴôҵ˻ĽҰ⡣
ļһﱻУֳﲻɴΪˬ죬ɽžˣһǹǱˣ
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Ըղ΢һ㷴Ӧƽǲ裬Թ̼
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ˣгŵĸӣǼصһ뾡ܵصҽԺѪȡͷȻӾ㲻ҲҪˣ
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뵽ֳòȥķŭղǱˣ


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˾µõϢӡȶСͺ
¸İ칫һˮĻҪС㱨֪⻹⣬ؿѹĺܵͣӳ¸λøպÿһڷ⡣
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⼸ֵܵͣҪ鲢ô塣ɻĿ˿¸̽ʵ˾˵ʲô
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鱾ԥһ»ûңֻǼƬɥʬнϺõɱЧӡȾƺѾ׼úƺ׼нһЩɥʬܼͬʱú˵ͼһɥʬ
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һϢҪӵƽǰ뿪أ֪١
ֱһڵϢ
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ФʡƺҲ֪һЩļƻݣеΪѵĵǣ㲻ʣҲҪܱǻصʳȻһЩҲ̫ԣˡңһֱЩ˷ͻȻҪǸɻ»顣
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ФʡļᶨԹԵĵͷʾհ졣
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ֳЦЦݹȥһ10Ʊʵ磬ǲǳʲôˣôое궯ſҲ࣡
10Ʊֳ˵ֻǸͷʿ˵ȴǲСˡɵĿ˿ңͬߥɫҲͰࣺŶ˵ɣ˾հ䲼Ĺ涨ڻûӹίе˶Ҫ󱸹̲ӡ15굽50꣬ԱޣֻҪǲзϵĶӦ٣
󱸹̲ӣ
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15굽50˶Ҫ룿õô𣿡ǮЩɻ
ڻѾʮˣҪͣ˵󲿷˶ٵķΧڡ
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ϧʱǮǶѾˣֳƤٺҲʱʩĳЩ˶
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˵ܱ˵𣿲ȻҪˣֳ֪ʩ滹ûȫӦµݺ͹ϵԳ԰
ֳô˵Ҳ֪ЦҪʿɶֹǵת˻⡣
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֪жо֧ԮͻǮҲͲټַԡ
Թ緹ֳǮĵִ˷ίеĴԺһиǮޱ˵һ£ǵִﲻӣԱͷһµίУľ߰ôίС
ո۳жʱ糿ŵ㡣
нгжʱһ㡣
ոˮ೧жʱ糿ŵ㡣

Щ޶˳ʱίҪͦߣĿɥʬҰԭϡ豸ѶȸߣұҲûдΨһעո۳ίҲǾһֳɡ⵱ȻǻһҴþŷݣеľԱҪ־ųɣ
£ͨҴ߻û뵽ҪЩίУûϸЩ𷢷ίеĹԱ
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ΪƽίеֳҲţϸšѼίȫһСɣע⵽ûЩίһҲֻǿԶӵ㣿
ǻصɡǮܿŵɣͷ㿴С
ûֳö⡣ϧίеǣ⼸ίȻʱ䲻ͻÿֻμһ
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µһֳѡ۳͹ͷ࣬ǻǱʳȥġһ£ѡҽԺ١Ǹί޶еҩƷҽ豸ҪϽɣҸɥʬܶ࣬ѶȲС
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ĻǵԿǡֳϸһᣬͬˣûĻѡɣ
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ȻͬˣֳȷίСִʱǺһ㣬⵹ǳʱȥ۲ǰίеѶȣԱԵ
ȥҽԺίǰɣŅ̀ͷһɨܿ¼ǵ֣ȻѵǵǰһСʱĸٳǰϣʱȥΪԶεĽͦرȥĻǾȥ
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˵еҩƷϽ𣿡ǵίϱ˵ġ
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ʱɣʵڲоõ㡣ȻҪҩ
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İ죬ֳȻʩ棬ͬʱгһЩտѵԼܡϧտܾԼ̫ԶȻʧȥ˼ٻָЧûƣֳ޲һڻгʮ꣬ʱ򲻹Ķ޷ˣ
˵㹻ЩֲҲеġÿгһ꣬ܵѹӦڳ߶εʵͬʱʮ͵ˡ޵мʦػӡ弶ĴԲʱһ˾гǧֲ
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عֳãûˣȻһƵʩ档
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ʱ䣬ɥʬǽ岨Ȼܿ㱻ڻ˴룬ҲŴľӺҴߴ޴ϰ˶ɥʬץӵʣ»б潦䵽˵ĺͱʬεġ
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ӺʧصɥʬȺηˣֽ𽥷ˡǴ鷳ȴûʧʮɥʬץԼȾʵȻ붼˳м̫עĿձɥʬٶһɧ
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ҽԺķΧʣµ·Ͱȫࡣ
֮ǰӺƺƵĻص˻ءһֳԸǰȥίУ쵽һٵĿıꡣûصľν㱨ӵǮ
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ֳ˵ͷǰ򿪰˿ֹȻԸгĸҩ
ǸĶ治
Ҹ˵лл˵ţֳصƱŽϲصСսʿˡ
ǵȴˣھЧʺܸߣ糿ʿš
ֳӵǸξ˿ĽͲм
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ξɤӣĵģ׼һԤãϽĸţܼ6500ˡӪӪϼľٶɾֱԸӪµľӻеҴѡǰҽԺеıֲ֪ûԤоһְλ
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λ˵õУģξ֪йϵڡʱ齨ԤȻӸȶȴǸĺõطЩϵֻҪƸ𣬾ȥȻ²ˡԺҸת沿棬ҲǸĽݾ
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˵Ԥõľκ͹ְȻˮôҲǹٷϿɵġ
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ûúԸһϲɫšԭҲǻһΣȻֻǸξĻ˵ҲľˣС;ܵ٣û뵽ȻӦˣǸ٣
Ȼڵ٩ĵ⻹Զ׼ġ
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ʩţһ˿ʣԼ˹ȻԽԽɫ

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ۣǻҶûСˣһҴߺЩĻҰɫĩֱӰϥ¶ˡ
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еĵ˿Զö൯ͷ粽ȥ˭¾һͨȥҵĵˣ
ȻµźĹǻˤۣһǱȴܲˡ

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̫СûʲôҲûʲôӡ󡣿ǵҶϤһѳǮʿͣ⡣


113 мֲʦ
ӳ￴ʱԿһЩɥʬε
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ģͼƬϿϳսֶΣ½ո˰׶ڵİ˷֮һĹɥʬһڣȻɥʬڼٽӡƺѾƿסơȥӡȿ»ΪȫһսʤɥʬĹң
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𽥴ӱըлعʱȻ뵽ⳡԭӵըͻأȾȻûõκεѣ
ԭӵô£ѵӦǰͨ
ĩտʼʱͶЩԮ䶼ͨôôֻδ᣿Ѳ˵ǱĹͶģĻǾͲȫսһ
Ҳԣ
ǵжԹͶŵģǿ϶Ҳ׼˿ڶİضȥԶĢλƫ࣬Ӧòӣ
һֳ̣ͷЩˡ
̧ͷٴο˿ǶĢƣɾ쳣Ĵۣ


116 
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ؿĢƺһǮڻعֻǻ֮£ͼǣһʱҲ벻ЩʲôϾĿһöԭӵըĳʵ̫һЩ
ػأһ
˿ֳ̣ŪĶкܶ࣬еһԭӵͶĿġûõϢصĸ߲ضٻһЩ
ԣػأ
ǮҲץסͷϣһһ˵
ʩ˵ͷ˳ֻͷĢƺȻ뵽˷⣺ԭӵô˷᲻Ӱ쵽ǣ
ֳüͷ£Ҳڵ⣺Ӧøԭӵĵйϵɡ
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ֲһ䣺ǰأҲڼɵķڣ
⻰Ѽ˶һҲֳǻʲôϽϳ·ɣ
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Ѿʮһ·ˣȻļڣżҲʲôοɫҪ´꣬͸ΪˡֳЩɻĿһۣʵôˣ
Ҳ֣Ȥܲڱŵ˰ɣ㵱Լأ
Ǯȴû㣬ǾʧǵĵǷ꣡
꣡
Ǯһ˵ֳҲˡĴʣ˵
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һԼ֪Ϣֳ̲סʵѲɣꣿ
ǮĵǱߺ˱ըս߾ʹ꽫ֱĴɺ֮£˷ЧҪԤƵĻǿҺðĻԶܵӰҲڷıԵʱӦӰ첻󡣲Ͳˣ뿪
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ǮһԴյĵҺͿˣ
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ʱ򣬷Ѿ𣬴üޡ
Ȼжٷ䳾ÿ˶ﶼġ
죬ѳֱӿ
һֳѸ³ǿпãֳӺŴķ϶ȫһ顣ṦǮҲѸٰʮСļֻɥʬ
ڣKTVʱ˰ȫĳ
΢һֳ´һЩ䣬ѡսǵһԽСܶз䣬ҽеСҲѱҪܷԣаõģ
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ӺĴ£ֻǶڰȴѹǻΪȷʲôʱͣ£ֳֻÿСʱȥһˡϧƺܴһСʱȥˣʼûҪͣ˼
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ǰ׼ȷǷͰȫʱԸǸǸҪԼҲиͺˣ
磡
ͻȻ˸磬һӴ˰ڵĳơ֪ʲôʩһ£ֳ߿˿
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û£䡣ʩҡҡͷ
ֳƺԲԣЦЦϵϡԼǿܰů֣Ȼ㺮⡣
ллʩмĵ˵һ䡣
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˵ţֳ§סʩҲɵ˳ƿĻܵůʩʱ׵ʮǧ⡣
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뵽תͷֳĲȻָһǡ
ȿȣ
ԱߵǮˢˢӦһͷ۲컨ĵΣһͷڵذϻȦȦ´Ҳˣְ̫
Թ
У
ʩһۣһ¡ȴǻԾࡣ
ȳסʳԼǣ˵˵һǲζҪ군ˣھʲôȫս֮ģһҪҪһΪʷˣ
ǮûôֻۣǵսڣЩ쵼ֲǿֲӣʱӦûֿܱơҾ͵ΪͼúɥʬĻ֮ĺ˶͹һģɥʬ
ô˵ĻȥԺҪഢһЩ¡ȼϺʳ
صĻҲܴ̫ãȻʱ䳤˻ǻܵһЩӰġ
˷׷׷Լļ⣬ԭӵըĳѹʱɢ۵ֳٴ߳ԶԶĿһˡϲķ΢Сһߡȥ˵Сʱͣ
һͣϾߡⳡ꣬Ѿķܶ
껹ӣʮӺƻϾֳ߽ͣ佻һȻ䵹ڴҳ˼¡ϣҲһЧ˴󣬱ɿţϳ뿪
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Ǯ֪ڷһ͸Σһ֣ǺܸɴİŲȵ˵סʿ·̫õ£Ӳ쭵ʱһʮ
ҪͷҲû˭˵ϵˣȫһ
ʮӺʿʻӣ˹·ʱ򣬲㱻ɢܵļ˲Ŵ˿ֳҲûʿĳص̨


117 Ӧ׼
ΪԽҰʿĵ̨ԾϵȻʴȸߣշźŶ
̨򿪵һ̣ԭʱӦƽƵȴַǷ
ιιݣôƽܿĢƣ
ʡ߽СҴӪأʮͶԭӵǸô죿
Զú
ƵֳȺյʮźšò˵ֳ֮ǰõ⳵ص̨Ч̫ˡЩ˽СӡҴӪصķУֳõ˲õϢ
ҪһĪԭӵըλá
֪˴µλã˵УʡʡĽ紦밲ֱ߾ֻһٰʮ
룬˷ȷвˣ
ȷֳǮЩġʱʱ̨˹ڶԭӵϢȨ̫22ܻʹúСʱ֮ǰڰʡͶ30ֵԭӵĿǰЧռصɥʬѱȫ𡣡
СʱˣŸͨ
ֳЩߣ˼ݳٵͨѾá١ˡºСʱŷѹûһ⣡
ȻֳЩߣڵĳ¸ŭˣ
ЧҿָĲɥʬǰ˰ɣתƵ乤ĳ¸ȥô£ȻһԵؾͲˣǡߣúĲڰңںˣҰ׹⸴ģôһŪҪ˵ɥʬ˷ٽ
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ߵСز죬ɻûͷͱ¸˻ȥɱ磡
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¸˵ͷһʵڻصô
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ôڵĸǸָأ
ողݣѾֵһڲӡڱըԭӵֻ30֣ұըص㹻ԶԺ˷䲻̫󡣼λ˰ȫרҵǣסһЩʱջԽܣµĻͲˡһǣըʱϵڽ꣬ɵӰܻҪ󡣡
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ǣ˵ͷʾ֪û뿪֪¸л˵
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ԸƽǵסȴֳϲĴ˸к
ԴӼСʱǰ˱ը󣬻ھѾҸҥԷҴַҵ£ԸȻŽһпŽ
Ҫȥǣ
ֳ֪Ը·Ӷ࣬иǸһļϡ
ǮҲһȥԼãǵϴȥޱ
ֳȻᷴԣƽ֮ǰδϴеġ΢΢ۿǮȴûϿʲô
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棬һȥ
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ԸԺѾһˣʲôֳԸոϽӭǼֳʶʶȤվǡ
ôʲôϢ˵˵ֳҲûԼˣֱ˸
Ըո˱ˮһԭӵըѾ֪˰ɣ30ֵ˷Ӱ쵽񻢰СʱǰŲģĸǸָѾ󳬹ȫֵˡʱ컹ûģǲܳס֪µʵ٣ǶʩѹҪǨƣ
ֳһ㶣ʵǨƣǨ
ȻԶеķǨඣǸѡ񣡡
ֳ룬˵ǻظ߲˼أ
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ߵĻֲУϾﻹλڷ
ֳЦЦֻҪ¸Ȩز̫仯ǻصؽƻҪϺˡ
ҲǡԸͬĵ˵ͷھͿ¸ľˡ
ʱڻصطҲвͬ顣ҶĿ˻صľϣȻ¸Ҳԥţڵʵķ棡
ûпɿ鱨ǰ¸


118 ڵķ᰸
صҴģٹⱬըԭӵ԰Ӱ켫СʱڣҲõĻܵĺ˷Ӱ졣⣬ظ߲ڻǨˣ԰ꡣ
ڿʼΪĵĸ20ﻮΪǿһϽڡ100ﷶΧΪͨǿȷûбҪزҪ롣
Ժ˰ȫרҵЧİ취ע
صĹ㲥УһȶĵϢŲ
ֳԸռ󣬻ؾѸٶԭӵը˷ӦŵĽǺЧģһϵССϢҲ֤صĺ˷ȷ̫Σա˫£̻̲յҴʱȻ˭ֻ֪ʱѹ¡ֻҪ˷һ컹ڣصҴǾͲǡ
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һʱܿȥˣصĸ߲ʼձ־ĬûǡǨƵ顣ҴҲ֪¹شһʱ¶˾ʵԵ̵ס
οеʱ䣬ֳǮܱ˽ʼɹʡΪĻ̻̣ǵ˵ġܶҴ߿ǵǨʱôԸĶ¡סñӵȫۣ˴һĿںšӦģʳڲϵǼֳֻۣ˰ʳ׻һѵĶ
ȼֶͱȽϹˡ
ܹʮˣֳɢʮÿĺǸ֡һصľҲҪģҰҲڲ£ϵϺңʳһˣ
ûǿ϶еģµõʿƫƫǳʹ󻧡ΪˣֳòҧͰͺͲ͡
׼ϵʱ㻻ĿҲ¸װϡΪڻڣֲϺ͹߶ȫ˸װٶȺܿ죬ЧҲܲһķ֣԰ֳǻȫװˡ
㣬ıֽˣ
վװʵĿǰǮĵ˵ͷôණ˶ˣҲܳźܳһʱ䡣
ֳ´һ飬ܾ˵ʲôסԱͣŵĻϳ˳򣬶ʱ֪ȱʲôˣ񲼰ѳϰɣ˾Ͳ֪װɶ

ϴϵۣӽŪ񲼺ͳһһȥ࣬Ҳȫ
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˭Ҳûע⵽ǣصĴĵĿһ֧ȫװĳӡⱾûʲôһ·˳һĳͱȽϡˡĳƵĺϽӹ̹װĲʲôƱʮֻͬɥʬʬ壬һһͷĶɥʬ
ֳͻֻᷢɥʬĽ̶Ѿ൱ߡֻֻɥʬȫըˣǲȻסɲô׵顣
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ٷӦӣ񣡡
ӵͷó֤ܿԹ鲽裬ֱӳؾ½ڵʵҿȥǷѾץɥʬǸʵĽڵо걾ģ
ˣ
ԱЩϣһ˫۰ͨĽڲЩжܿȫĵͶ뵽ʺͷĹСΪġԺ׶˾ͽԺʿרңھǻƶжƻͷŹʺ̣
شͬʱ֪ԼϵѹҲɽһءѾһҹûϢڽͬСһ
һ̣¸ͬҲһҹߣڵȣ
ڱʼա·ʲôҲѲֻг¸ԼҲ˯šոļѳ׼ָһЩĿġӡȵ׸ɥʬɱķֱӹһ˻صƬ
ߣҲ˵ȫϳֵĵһֻɥʬ
춥ǴĻԽԽģҲ϶ЩƬʵļ¼ɥʬĲ̡Ѫֲ͡
ڴʹúӡȻһոʧأڼƵɥʬڿʼúĺ˷߻ֻ֮ɥʬٶȼֱûҲƸǿĶֱֲ̰Ĺڻ𸲸Ǻը¸벻Ľ취
ǣԸһֻɥʬˣǽ׵ɥʬأ
˵ӡڶõƵըʱֻɥʬɶúѺѾʼ¶ԼİҲԭӵըҸзӾ˷Ч᲻᣿
ˣѾ˴İлҪҪ
һҹ󣬳¸˵ͣԾڰ칤棬˭ҲֱǽϵĹָʮ㣬λԴűǰ
Ľڣ
е֪ʹ£¸ֶˣֱһָ
Ҳ˲Ͽˣ򿪱棬ֱӿʼСı棺ڷĶɥʬǿڵĶɥʬ١Ӻ˱ըóݵʮСʱڣɥʬĻǿȡԾȺͲȶѾıڲϵӡͨɥʬٶҲӦӣҪǿĵɡ㣬ٶȥǿɥʬҪ죬ܳɵ׵Ľ
󣬽ܽҲ˵Ժǿɥʬ֡ǵʵжɥʬʮ˾뾡㣡
죡
¸һû뵽ԼõĽԤġ
룬ʵڣ֪ӡѾʹúΪʲôڲɥʬ֡ǰ30ĺըɥʬˣ
һ㶣룬ȷĵǸʡͬеĽƺǰɥʬĳ̶ҪԸһЩʲôԭǰɥʬǵĽɡһܵԭǣ׶˾ͽԺʿķ֣ɥʬ̫ϲȵĻǰϷˮ϶࣬ӡĵطвǸɺص㣬ڵγȵȴȴǻɥʬǵĽٶȰɣ
Ŷ
ԭ򣬳¸ǰ˵һֱû̫¡ôһ˵Լ˸ͷ
ǣأ
¸˿ƣĽڣĿ
֪ԼֻоԱһ÷᰸͹ˡҪͷҲûô˼ɣֱӿڵǺ;ȥЭıһ£еİ취һǻزϧǿɥʬһ𡣾첻ҲҪѱըİɾʣµģʡͷȥɡڶǼǨƣߣоƽƽо
֪ˡ
¸˵ͷ˽ҹϳķƶ̼ͨƻɿݡ
ˣȥϢɣҪңҲжˣ
˵ţ¸³˾յƣѾ¶˾ģ


119 ǲ
ش󲿶ӣһ糿ʮ㿪ʼ룬Ŀƽأ
ʮʮڲҴԾŶںڴŵ緹ʳʱظ߲ͻȻϢ˲ȫһЩͷ˸ϽóֽȻ塣
һҲǵ糿ؾҪǨˣ
Ҫ߰
ⲻλ˾Ը֮ǰ˵ҪոôΪأ
ϵܣȥƽİٹмһûĻ϶ϡ
һҴ۷׷ף󲿷֧֣ҲνǷԡڻطתƵѾǰ϶ʮ˵˲䱻ûҴߵĴСʱѾ׼Ȼвţĳ롣һЩ˾ͻ񣬷׷׻𼱻ǵĿʼŽˡ
ڻطųϢʮӺ󣬽ȼϼ۸ʼǡ
ģЩػǿġڴǰЩļ۸񼸺˺üһѸǡЩʽСҲĺܿ죬Сʱ㱻һգ
ò˷̻
һЩҵͷԵ˿ʼļῪ˾ȻȥѰܿĶΪ󲿷ֳûгԿףΪˣһЩĩǰ͵Ŵմ˹⣬ÿŪһܵõһĳɡ
Ȼ⻹õ׬Ǯ취Ըպϻļ˸ǲ֪￪ͳľͿʼƱ˵вٸ㲻˽ʳԤλһؿʮĳȥʮƱյʳ͹׬һˡһЩŮŷϧ˯Ϊܻһλá
ֳˡȴҲٽСţһͦƯġ
Ƕıʩˡ
Լŵģɸûϵ
ֳһ޹ӣʩһۣŮˣҲЩɾġԾС㣬Ҫͱң࣡
ιιҿû˵Ҫðɣ
ʩһ軹ڵʱ˵˾ûв͵ȵġ
⻰ǵͼڣһӴһƬԴˣֳҲֻװûˣԴ׵Ů˽Ȼô
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ʱԶ˴ģӿĺҲ΢𶯡ֳ֮ǰǻطֳֺ֧ϴ⡣֮£ϽǮԶϿ
Ȼǰװײӣ滹Ŵ˱
ֳЩȵǣ˱ϵʿȫ׵Ļߣǵϳ
һɫĿװҪ𣿡
ֳһᣬܿ뵽һ㡣ֻǣغúõôͻȻҪսأ뵽ԼǿʯƬ͸̶ȺܸߵĶɥʬֳԼ˲²⡣ʱʯƬķǿȲ̫ߣѾøɥʬԱ仯ԭӵķԡҲ֪㣬Ծȶ֣
⵹ǸĽͣڷɥʬս̫ԿˣֿռƵģ
һʱ䣬صľĲӾûôȫ׵װЩֻи߾ͳˡֳһ£ȵķֻؾȻǰδеɳ˾󲿷ֲսȻ㳲Ҳˡ
صʿ಻ᳬǧˣ
Ҫ𣿡
Ǯ֪ԼԴ˼Σô˴ٳأ뵽ǨƣȻֲ̫õԤСûֳ۳ʲôصʿţͬĻֳԤõϼĳֻ򵥴кξ
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ģȻƽϵˣ̨ܶͨ˵ʮ˰ǨҲǸСĿƽһʱҲδذõ¡ԣشǲһǲԱǰƽش㡣ֻɳľӴ󲿷ֶʣµĻҪפػأָԤõĳԱͬ
ǲԱ
ֳ£û뵽ؿǵĻͦȫ
ǸξҲֳԹԵļǲԱİˣܼһʿӲְԱʣ»ȱҪԤõȻҲǳԿЭ̣ƽػȳһַӣǿȥռһף͵ǻĬĸˡ
ƽռһ׷ӣ
ֳǮһۣÿԽܡҲҪȥƽصģʱʮĴ󲿶ߣھǰһĿС´ɥʬΧ˳̸ס
ܴܲͬһöֳ̽ʵ
ξ룬һͬпԣĻˡ
ǺãҼ롣
ξͷ֣ôһСʱͳӽ׼
ô죿ֳû뵽ǲӳ˲ִ٣ɸϽ׼ҲŪˣڵҲšеˣֳʩһȥ˳װʡȼ͵ĸװߡʱصĴ˿ʼǮֻҪʽʿװˡ
·Сġ
ǮޱҲˣ˻С֡
ֳе㲻˼ĵһߵģزáǱ߸ԸҲ˵ˣҪǵʱҲҲ˵ȥ
ǮǲΪ⣬ļϴҪСܽ͡
Ǿô˵ˡ
ֳЦһûȫתݡǮޱȵĶֳĪĹâƺڿԼͦߵĸΪʲôǰϴ󡣸ղǾ仰Ǯޱ
ˣƽؼԸղȥĻͷҸ˵һǳʱҺȥӭǣ󽻴һֳʩ˸װĿȻڼʻϵĻʩ档֮ǰȻû󳵣ֺĿ
ǮޱáԶԶĻ˻֣Ŀ뿪
ϵʱܿ쵽ˣֳӵнĳƺƵĿءԸղ֪ûнӵ٣ֳûڳ￴
һ·ϣҴ߿˹ģĳӣ̽ͷ̽ԵĴ֪ǨƵǲӺ󣬾ȻЩ
λǱγӵָߡ
ӳһе̵ְĽ˻ȷӽĹ·ֱƽءг̴İʮмܻεĴȺɥʬλӦ׼
ԽﴫһϡϡĴӦְԱҲ֪ǲˣôɴĽͨ
տʼһСʱǻظɥʬѾϴбһգӾȻûֻɥʬʩ濪ֳеоܣͬʱտһӡǡŸʩӣϧⶫҪܶһһšãϴθǮһѾȥ졣磬ܸʩˣ
Լߵ˵һӵܣԼɥʬʱҲ͸һ֣


120 
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֪ΪʲôȻûйٷĻء֮ǰ˵мС͵˽ӪأҲ֪ûдǰɥʬ󳱽гʡᰲȽϽɣĹԱΣܿ˰ء
ûˣеɥʬȻԶطࡣ
Ϊ뾡ִƽأѡ·ϽȵʱɥʬǷӵϣѳ
£ǰ濪·Ȼǻһʿˡ
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Ԥһֺ󣬳סš
Ϊֳĳǿλڳӿλáֵֵʱ򲻶࣬һɥʬɱȴ϶ΣʱֳҲӳöӣըæΧݡˬļòΪ֮Ŀ
ÿ˶׵ģ󲿷˵뷨һӺöأԼܻõģ
ڣų𽥴ԵȥµʻƽĵؽҲһе˿Խ٣ҺܶɥʬƽˣԳӻ׼ʱİԤʱҹϵĿĵء
ȥƽػɥʬΧţ
ʮ̽յµɥʬӵ˶һвԼ˸ɴ
֮ǰǿɲ֪ƽ滹ɥʬⲻǿ
ЩɥʬڣӸôȥ
˶ͷ۵ʱƽ´ոĲҰ⣬ֳǵһƽصȫò
رƽĹģҪСܶ࣬һ붼˿̣ʮɥʬΧ£ƽԵЩֻɥʬ칥ǽϵʱǲŻһֹǹҲϡ衣˰ӵĴ棬ٿƽսģֳʵе㿴ۡ
ֻܵ˵ˣ
ӵְԱε˾ҹǲóȻӽأǼʮɥʬġ
һʱϢһǵñ־裡
йоأ˭Ҳʲô֮£ӵٶֻڳﵣµĹһϡȻоӵʿڣһ뵽ʮɥʬڲԶ⣬˭˯̤ʵ
ڶʱ򣬴˲ĶźȦ
һҹ϶ĹƽɥʬһЩʿԶԶһ󣬷ƽɥʬ٣ֻҡֻҪ͵Ķûһ·ȫԳûȥ
ԣҪľǺƽϡ
˿ɫѾƽصʿҲֳȺǲӡڻ֪Էڵ¹ͨھ˵һ㲢ѡ
ܿ죬ǸְָӾͬƽЭϣʽ´
ƽصľڵ֣ڰСʱŷһ͹ȡһͨ·ֳҪľץס壬Ҫڹؼʱ̵ӣ
޴ıըУƽĹ׼ʱ𡣴׼һֱĹȻ쳣ҡǰһƬǱһ顣ְָӵҲ൱ϣֱƵĳ塣
ڻӿݣ洦Կĵӡ
Ļ¿죬ǲܵ飬һСĳͻݽȻ಻ȱڶµɥʬȴҴǼѹΣѹ£𿪳һóȫı£ȡȿء
ĵǣصڵ࣬ĻѹƳ̫ãǼӿٶȣ
ʱسǽϵʿӾ˳ӵĽաЩ˾ʼðѹŵӿΪܸһЩʩҲһ㼱꣬ټϳЩʣȻڿʱСóݽ˰׶Ŀٿתţ̶ĺϧһֱ򻬡
֮£Ŭ˼Σûóӿ
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Ѿʮʻضţʩ治ЩźҲЩỨ
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ֳ˦˦ȵֱۣȻɿ׷ֻڿӵĽӡ

ʩЩĺ仰ֳġǻԣ̲סҪֱͶͱˡȿ˳شźղǲ˼һƣɵĵʵô͵ķû°ɣʲôطо𣿡
ֳĻһ壬˵ĺˣҵܲǰģ
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ʩϵĵ˳øղŶԼĴһֳʲôˣ˵ʲôҲԭԼ
ֳЦЦζŨ˵㣬ұǺˣ
㣡
ʩеˣǰ׵һû⻻һԹı飬ֳϵһǾʩ¿ȻԼֳǰԽԽûеֿǻǰԼ϶˵ûϢָоͦã
һʻţƽصº£
ڼʿ£ͣƽصϲյϡЩЭսҴ߿гӴɺķ׷׹ھֹǲŤͷ뿪
һ£ȥƽص쵼̸һ¡
Ǹְڳ˵һͬæ뿪
ֳҲ£Դӿվ羰ûúÿۣԱһеϤֱӰסˡ
ֳ㣿
յһİĻؾ˽Լֳɺ֡ۿȥֲԶǸŰƾװƼݵӾȻǿǸʳƷһӣ
ΪڵӸеЩֳ࣬һȷݡ
㣬û뵽ټ棡
ֳ߹ǿЩĩֿºټ棬ʵǺֵҵ顣Ī˵ǹĲôǿֳҲ֪ĸоǿĹϵʵںһ㡣
ô˵İƽؿǼĵ顣
ι¹˵ϽĶ
ԱиƺǶģǿͣ½Ų̬Ⱥܲõϡǹ˼ֳǰǲŵˣϵļҲǸξҪֱӶˡ
ǣи£ǿҲˡ
˵ţֳӳһͨĽ̶˹ȥ


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Ƕľٱ̺ʱǰ͵һ
Ϊһ̹Ǻܾûˡֳ첻׹ϽܱĽסغãȻһͷӻ˻֣ˣ߰ɣ¹֮ǰ˻
Ҽǵˡ
ǿĵشһȻ͵͵˳١ȷԼ鷳ŷĵĸֳվһ
ʲôϹ¹ģֳеɻ
Ŷ˵ǿҵͷ˵ֲʳҲΪ˸ɥʬԿͳļƶȡԸæɻģÿܶͷ

ɱȰˮƽˡ
Űǿûֳ˼е㽾ĵͨһҲֻͷһ¾ܶˡʱļֵʱҿûٷѹżϵġ
ֳ㶣̽ʵôô٣ƽôȱʳ𣿡
ǿҿ˿ûעһѾˣҪ˵ʳӦǿ϶ЩţûȱزֻǴ󲿷ʳ߲ˣǲŲͨأֻǸԼ͸߱ļȫ칩Ӧ
˵ֳۣ䵽ļϣƺһ̾ˣ
ͦľװɫ󡢿ܾ񣬶ƺ˳μʱһЩ
ǻĩ
ŶˣҶˣѹ֣ǿһԴ뵽һ硣ܿ˷ֳҾ˵ܵġ֮ǰѴģţҪʵʱȥȥΪҿûٱ˳ЦˣҴȥǼֻҪǰ¶һ֣ǼСӲӮˣÿ˶øһͷ
ǿĻֳһԼһЩ׽ͷ
ʱǿʱûԼܵ¡һɱɥʬҪ¶ܣҲѣǿ˻ãҲû¡˭ǿ֪ôȻɹܵƽˣһڡмֲʦʵѾô±ĳЩ֪һЩν鷳Ȼá
ǿԼ˵ǿ֪ԼܵˡڣһȻһͷĴ˵ȥܵܡ
۸δֳЩЦã
̾˿Ȼǹݺݵĵҵʱô㣬й¶ȥҵĻɶԷ˰ɣ
ҡ
ڶǹָԼԴϣǿɫʱˡ
뷨ֳ񣬵ʱֿˣ뵽պټ档һθƽʶʱһûסʹ˳ȥ
Ȼǻӿڳ
ţǿԽɿתţԼѵֵܰƽǲ˽ɱ˵ġ˵ˣҵʱҲֻһ˵ġҲûţұ֤ԺԲвдذɣ
亹ӯӯȻҲˡ
ֳӡ̣һƵľ͸˺üʮֻɥʬɲֳĸҿǹƽڲɱ˵Ĺأ˭ƹص¹߲쵼ԼͷƻɱҲЩʳһ¾ˣûһ˲źãʡһʳˣ
Ե֤ǣ֮ǰ̵ֳλƳһۣ͵ʲôûһŤͷ߿ˣ
ֳߣмԤõ˸ֳеϵֳǹΪ۸Щǲŵأһ˹æ׼
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´μǵòҪ˵ˡֳѵһصĵ֪ξôĲ
ǿû˻ŷӦôģ
ֳЦһǳܸ߲ܵ㻻ģѾصĸ߲ΪܡҪ˵㣬ļλҲҪʱٷӦӳ֣֪ôģɱû㣡

ǿֳ֪Ǿˣ˶ûɡô̵ʱڻһξΣȻʲôѹͲ֪ԤõʡȻֳĿҲԺ´˵ˡ
ǿ¶ΨΨŵŵӣֳ֪Ѿƽˡ
ˣֻ֪֪ǺôҲЩ飬Ҳϱ˵ġ
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ֳǿĵ˵ͷȻһ£ˣôƽصģУصĽôϸ˵˵
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ֳʱû˸ǿ飬ϽôŰɣסĶͷȥ㣡
ǿʶȤıסַȻȥˡֳҲֱӭǸӡ
ֳֻǲҲΧȥϾԼԺܾ;ס˭ʸס
ʺڣǰӻ쵰ѹûе⡣ʲôʱˣҪôȨҾˣûǰ˹ƽܳŶö˵ƺǺܱͷһͨ𡣲侲ƾֳҲ϶˵ˣֻظһ䡰ڸƽ̸顱
֮ǰǾ㹻ˣֳ֪ΰǨƿûô˳
ɵĸСʱ󣬴ҵĶʧʱְޱĸһƽصĸ߲һ˹ˣ̸Ѿɣζлǻˡѡӵģһǻᰲ˴ȥ
˵ְ꣬Ҳƽص˶ϻһӻԼĳȥˡ
ߣҲ졣ҰǨɣ˾ʱҿǿ޵ġһ׳մ˾ʡίǶµģǼϺף
ְָĵ뷨ϵĹˡ
еƽظ߲Ҳһ˼ϹŸȥǷЦݣŲС뿪ˡ
ؼЩ£ֳԸᡣȻˣ˵Ӧ֧ƽءɾǿԼļţƽûаøСλǿΪĳ˾ƽصĸ߲һȺͰģĹϵԼװ׬ķӡ
ô˵һȶŵܱסǿˡ
ֽйһƽذŵԱֳʩڵĿų˻ڵһһƬ׷ӣƽʱڳġΪʵŵıֳ꣬ѡһס


122 ҪǼ
Ҫװɡ
ִֹһֳʩһ״ͥԺķӡСԺӵԣС˵㡣Ǯǹ΢¾ܰѿҲһͣȥ
ʱеҴҲ½ѡס
׸ķӣҪײҪ
ľôЩӶ䲻ֳͷϣȴˡ
ԿףȻҲԼһѡ˵꣬˱ԿһǼҲǼǾֱת뿪ˡӵǴֳѡӣģû˵Ҳʣզզأ
ιιҪǼǡ֤ʲô𣿡
ֳе㲻ģڰסٿ¼ʵ˺ûаȫС
Ǽǣ㶣ƲƲ㵱ĩǰأʲôǼǣⷿӾˡģﻹǰһ˲ҽõġҪȥĻ˿Ҳˡ
һνֳҲֻܸʩһۣȻε̾ˡ
ǲŵҲע⵽㣬ΪҾıȽϽԤõξǣͷһ𿴻Ѳ߶ӡ˵ĳˣû˵ĽʳֳȻҲˡİƽأЩ֪֪ͬףԿɿĶࡣΪѲ߶ӵĹգֳǵʳ
ʱ䣬ֳʩһӡ̵ȶӡ
֮ǰסͦĵذǽڶܸɾֻԭеļҾʲôȫˣֻʣһӡֳʩæ˺һ꣬ȻִæŪ緹
·棡
ԱֳһߵŮ̲סϷһѡ
ڻ𣿡ʩ濴˿ֳµķơ
Ӻǲһڰصʱʩ˵ġСԺֳֻˣʩҲſ˵ӣܸһ˽ĸо
ûеģˣ
ֳ߲ܣʩ汧˴ϡо仰˵ĺôů˼ĳ
ڵֳ˵Ǿõдգ
ŮսԶûʤߣ˴Сʱֳʩ˫˫ƣɵϡûʩ˫ıסֳּĸоİȫС
ֳҲͬĸоʲôϲŮܽӴĵأ
Ǹղ˶̫ң촽Щɣʶǡ
𣿡
ʩע⵽㣬ƿϵֳǿֳˮû´ֳͰ±˻ˣһûɶҿɲôۡ
ʩЦЦİ˶˲赹ˮҲģ
黰˵ĵƯϱֳ˷Ӧ
ιιЪɡʩѾŲסˣڴġôһصĻƾ²˴ˡ
ðɡֳ֪̲ĵҲǿֻǵ٩㿴ʱһС椵Ļ˰ҵˮˣҲЪˡ
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ֳﰵ£Ժӵ𽥶ˣͿ໥Ա֤²ˡ
ܵĸо𣿡
ʩеǾϲ档
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Űʩ˵ͷȥСŮõİܡ
ֳ𣿡˻ǵʱԺ⴫˴ɷ羰ĺ
ֳüʵڣôˣ
ֵһȥƽأҪҪһȥҲǸξƽʱֳν룬ֳþܾȷʵҲвιһƽصͷֻ˼Żʩĸܣԥһ¡
ӦɣҲȥ
ʩѾָһЩҪһС
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Ӧ˺ֳʩܿ·һºһ˳˳ǸξǰʱʩѾ»ָƽı飬ȫҲǰֳõĺۼ
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ξҲû룬˻Ϻһй
ΪкĻأƽȻڹģԶ簲ȸСȴȫʲô½߱ȶģһ߰˹һᣬ֪ߵ˽ҲһֵĵطصĽ϶һЩľǷϺɫ
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Ὺܸɻͷһ졣
ĳƣȻٲһЩ廻ʳŮӡ˵Ůڰ΢ڵĻƽأŮӼ޼ɵˡһЩ󵨵ĸǲܣֻ˺ٵ·쬵ķˣļ۸ǵ͵Ŀ
һͷǽһ㣡
ֻҪܸڳԵģô⡣
ЩŮ⣬Ҳµġɴ˿ɼƽͨ˹ĶôңǿлɵҲֻܶͷ֮£صֻҪϳԿܴ࣬պŹˣҲܿصʳ뱥
ᣬֳǼŵ塢һ֪ĲЩŮǰһ׷ӿ
˧磬˯ɣʲôƶԵģ
ξ
ΪԴŮԲ̨߿ҫԼĸλϲ
⻹ǣ
Ǹξ֪˵Щʲôֻ̾˿ļҲЩȻ˻˵ЩŮ˼˭أǱʵƵģֻЩŮܶסѹջЩŮûǸֺͲذˡ
ף㲻ǡ
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࿴һۺʩȷݣ԰ʱԼֵǸͬѡ
ʩ棿
ǸųξԼŮһתͷʩ濴û뵽طˣһϲžԼڵĴͶ϶ʱðһʱ֪£ɫһ졢һףջסξ֡
ʱֳҲһŮӣЩȡ


123 ʱ֤
һʱڣôһİĻؾȻˣҲ̫ɺһЩԱߵĳξҲˣ˵δҲ̫˵ɣ
ֻǰɼһˡ
ֳ˰֣ϸϸȻ䵽ݺŮӡ
ǰһ׵׵Χֻǿȥ֪ʲôȾЩƣŲ̫ĺɫӡǸЩŮ˱ڵϴľͷŵмֵ
ʩҲôҲûǰŮӺͼغϵһ
ξ֪Լʺϼפ㣬׷ҽ˦߾Ů뿪ֳֻŮվ
⼸Ļ𣿡
֮ʩе㲻ĵʵ
˵أò̲ķʣʩЩȣԼҲԼΪʲôô˵
㡭
ϻżŨױãʩȻ֪˵ʲôˡԼãԼղžͲýг͵͵뿪
õ۾ʩǻ˺һᣬĽʺ޵ĸĿͣԱߵֳϣ㣡
ֳ˵ͷǻش
ļһۣЦһȻʵ˯˰ɣŮźˬ˵󼸸ʱͷȴûһ˿һĲ
ãô˵Ļ
ʩŭӣôͻȻô˵
ȷǱˡõĻЩ̣ҲͻȻ˳ļʣҾ֪ǿ˲ܹڵģĺôҲҺȥ
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βֻʩ棬ֳҲˡ
ȴֳĺֹ˸ӳԾ£ز£ȻͼֳߣŮʲôõģ˱ƯһЩѵôźˣǸһᣬһˬϵԺ󣬶ǿģҿɱöˣ
ã죡ʩ̲ס˳
ôһ˵ʩҲʶĿԼزòϣ涼زȴʩһȦ
Цһ㲻ͱȰʲô˲ģˣʱ߿Ҳڵĸܣ
⻰׼ŭʩ棬ĿһᣬȻһ˿̵ζôˣҴСͱãѧѧϰҲãʱÿζңȴû֣ϲһˣȴһĸҡβͣڣҲңǼʰɣ㣬ҾǰΣбҲҸͬ˸ưϧûУ䵽˽Կɷĵز
Ů˷Ǻܿµģ
֮ǰĻҲˣȻֳȴǴʩֳۣͷμʩ˵ݻһķ·ĵһ㣬ÿһ¶Ѫ죡
ԣǼʣ
ıʩ̼ˣ¶ƱϲĹ飬૵ƾʲôҶŮӣΪʲôͱҹĺã԰ֵʱ˵ʱ֤ҵѡȷġϧһδε㣬Ҳ
ĻһӻֳʩĻ䡣
ʵϣãʩֿʱҲ˵ʱ֤Լѡû뵽ǣŹȥ˾͸оЩ컯Ū˵ζ
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128 ͬѰϮ
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췢ֳǮԼͥԺ
ǵ¼ңǮ˿ԺӣɴΪ⡣𰲶صиĽʺࣺܶһҪһ䣡
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ڣʱӦԴʩ󷽵ľӷУͻȻʮֱЩֱ̽յƣȺϿյɹӦѾִеҴ뾡ǳҷģؾ֤ҵİȫ
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129 ҹϮɥʬ
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ָ磬ǸֵܻûƼǵĺȻѾͦΣգ㲻ô뿪

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ֳܸоΧǹԽܼ֪ⲻǺͷǳߴһҲǾ֮ʾºܿ˻ĳᡣĩԹٿͷЩ˻Ǻģϵƣ
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130 ֱ
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顱һޱȽʵļǽҵһ𣬲㱻ײϣ


131 ѻɱ
Թԣô
סŲֳͷһۣüɥʬͷײϼǽһĻЩզࡣ
˲õֹǧȻɥʬҲܲˣ
ֻԼԴ۶ϣҡҡλεڼǽǰŻָҲֳʵټƽʱϵĶٻֲʱܽӽ˲ϰĻھһˡһʵȴֳĴ˼ת
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ʶֳһֽгꡣ
ʮ˪㶹֣Ϊ˶ԸֻɥʬֳҲ˴ǮͬʱϵٻĢּʵڻң˺ܵͣͺսԵЧɥʬҲޣ˵ĻЩôģ
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ʣ˪㶹ץסᣬʱһ䡣
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һܱƽɥʬֳ׼гӣըǰһ״ּԼǰгǽֳҪԼΪնƭɥʬһеĽȻߵʱը
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ֳЩµĿһۣ漴һ䡣
ղŵıը˲䣬ֻɥʬܽȫƴһ¡Žײã֮ǰѾˣԼϻһ¡
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ô˵Ը˵ʵսʤɥʬ¼ȥеҴ߾°͡ٴʤߵһսֳ׼սȻʱԶԼ˴Ⱥʿĺ֮ǰֱֹҲ˵ҩ·˹
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ţֳгӣըֻɥʬըɷɻҡȻǰܳըķΧȻıը󣬵ϳɫľ塣
ȻǸһĽ𾧣
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ףֳ
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̾һ󣬳¸ȻָоԼǨƵƽЩɥʬҲŹ
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ͬһ̣ʿԽҰϡ
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ҾԻ˼·
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һˣֳһɥʬʵֱջö𾧡ֳ̺֮պԸоܵ⣬֮ʣµĻ꾧Ҳֵͨ꾧һöҲʮö֮࣡
ߣŪۻǿԿǵȥҲҪɥʬɱܣ
ʩ汻ֳɥʬľٶ̼ˣɰ¶ġ

صƽʱ̫Ѿ͸ˡ
һֽ˵ĴѷƽĳֳǺûһֱʱ֣Ĵ󳵺Ͱ½ִǨ±ԵûңҹɥʬϮӿǱҴǵŻšʿǵƣģԳӭӵǲƲƲ죬ٲ˶Գ¸Ӽ֡
֮ǰĴ˶ôôǿƣڿҲˡôಿ֣ǰ׼һЩɥʬŪǱ
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133 Σ
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Ǹ龰ǳ֣δֲ̫ˣ


134 
ʵϣɥʬĿ־岻ֻǰС
ʹùĹңڻٵĶܵɥʬڷӡȣзʹΪǿҡΪʹúɥʬҵܺͣ
һ¼ʮֻɥʬȺӷĳǶٲҲѵֵɱ¾籩
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ʶʹ³к˹ңֻҪǻʱ֧ŵģȫٶúͷδһЩ֮ǰľٶѾɥʬǰǳɵĶҪȫе
İȶú䣬ôҲã
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ͬʱصҲڱУԶ޽¸ѣ
ֻǣһ˳ǽıµҴǲʱ⵽ɥʬĹɥʬãȻѴҴɢܵĻ󲿷˶Ҵɥʬ֣ǾͺѰˡһϣԱ߸űʿӦڿҲҪһƬ
Ҵ߰٣ЩѪȵĳ˵ʲôҲϼˡ
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شľʱ䣬ֳҲһӡ
ڣСĸӵˡȥɱɥʬʱĻ꾧ĸƽ֣ٶԸˡһֳöֳ顣ֳԼʩһ飬Ǯһ𣬷ֿɥʬĻЧɻߡ
ΨһȱǣΣյĿҲߡ
ͨɥʬɥʬ˵в̫󡣿ǣƽ𽥳εҰɥʬǶ渽ķģȻ·ᵽϢһ㣬һĴİٹһ·׷˹ɥʬĵ磬ֳһֻεڸɥʬ
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һֻ׸ߵɥʬʲôӡĽӴֳŸܵ־޴ǴѹȸС
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׸ߵôֱֱɳ˶ʮף
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Ķֳ̾һϽѵ򣡡
ʩѾע⵽ĶɥʬʯֺʱĴ̣ͬʱšʯͷԽҰԱأ·ҳһӣ
δ̫һЩ
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ʾʩѳȫĵطֳг˪㶹֡
ٶȾͲ̫ɥʬ˱˪ӵٶȸǴͶĶҲڣֳٶ۸ˣ׵۽߶ʮ״ֳһעⱣ־룬һ߽Ͷӣըھڵըӣըĵ˺ɸߡ
һ±ըɥʬƤγɵĺķͱըһӡ
Чͺã
ֳҪģظͶˡ
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ٴյɥʬһ㶣ټϱըĲϱը̼һĴ
Ǵ˵е־ѧ
΢˺ֳȷԼİȫ¼ɥʬӴǰֳһСĹô͡ôƣȴʼκβֳ
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Ӧǹ죡
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ڶֻɥʬ֮ǰһιףٴײ˳ǽ˾Ȼ˳ǽϣԴηɥʬ̳һ·ԭֻɥʬɥʬڶɥʬҲ˳ɥʬʬˡ
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ʱƿظܵ˵Ҳдһʷպ󣬿ݵʷѧָͻ硰XXգΰĳֲʦֳXXXεԶӰ족֮ļ¼
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ϵǣЩɥʬ󲢲˳ųǽŸͷСսزӽǽȻĿʼֽĳǽ


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ųǽĴܹȼΣʿǵŬ£ɥʬҲ˴롣Ȼɥʬ뻹һ롣ڲͣĿʳųǽٶȱĶҪ죡ٰСʱǽҪˣ
֮ǰɥʬײǸطҲ׿
ʱΪ˶סȱڣؿɸ˼Ĵۡǽˣ
ֻǣȥ˵
ʱٽЩòˡһᣬ¸ѯʵǸô죿
¸Ҳüͷԥһ˵ųǽûںŪʱߡԤõȫ׼оͲս
ԤãָĿɲֳڵǸǸ֮󣬻½齨µԤãּһǧˣЩ˵ȫڶʮ굽ʮ֮ǰǹ϶ȥɥʬսǻͨҴսһˣ
ۿΣ¸ʽǣ
ȻһΣؿҪǿֶˣ
ڳ¸£ĺԱɿڳǽ治ԶٶȴһʱķߡҪֶ޷һЩשʯɳԼõķģ飬ԺܷƴȻԸɥʬЧܲԣϾûǿ
ͬʱҲɳʿŵǼǵ˿ʼǿ
ΪصһԤãҲԸһֳȻټĶ
ʮӺϵָص㼯ϣȻӱ۴£ؿֱӴǣʿ˵껰Ȼֱ뿪û˭ỳڶţ
ʲô˼治ǰҵɥʬ𣿡
ŵĩǰһ˾Ǹܴ֡ɽĩԵɥʬˣǮе㻳ɵĵôɥʬôͻȻټʿأѵزסˣ
֪ɥʬĴڣֻǴӳǽϲ̫ܼǹƶϵġȼյõĶЩҲ̫Σյӡ
֪ô
ֳһΪϲ΢΢Щǡ
ɣղǶӦɥʬ˰ɣǶû£ѵػˣе㲻ţûֻԤһֵĻᡣ
ʱ̫ˣҾò񡣡
˵ţֳһᣬǻϾװǮһȥˡûʩ棺ѶװϳϾҲвɥʬġһĲһǰǮʱҲü룡
ס
ʩ˵ͷʵҲûʲôʰġ
˴̺·ʳƷ⣬Ķڳϡӣܰһжװá
Ը㱣ŮӺֳһˡǸϵʱܶԤõѾִǰ治ԶĺԱƴ޽ڶ󱸷ߡ
ʱֳʶʲôĿʼ
Ҳٵ뵽ʲôΪƽ޹ʵĻڶߡԭȻֻһǾǰĳǽҪʧˣ
ȻԤõԽԽ࣬εѹҲԽԽ󡣲ڱƵ󣬾˺ܿǼ򵥽ǵ
ʲôɥʬ󣿡
֪ԤõȫһЩ˵۾ƺڿܵ顣ֳǮȻ֪ϢҲľ
ôĺܻܿᱻˣ
²Ϊǽϵʿͻ˾ǵЭǴʣµɥʬڳɥʬûǰԺ˰벽һ⣬ɥʬܹҲʮˣһסģٻڽǴЧԲôá
ʮӺ󣬾Ŭʧܸա
ۿųǽѾҡҡλΣȣʿǲòǰֳµһҲ䵽һСƬأǷֵĵطȽϿҲɥʬѹĵطһʲôʣӿʱҲ㣡
⵹˵ӣǴҶô룬ԼҪȫǺ顣


146 ʤƺԶ
ǽϣǹڼ
ڴɥʬĿʳ£ǽٲȻѾҡҡ׹ʿԾûзھԼŬɥʬ
һЩɳĿ̽ԱҲڽŵĶŸǽһֲԣ֪ͨսӳ롣ˣÿʮ׶ܿ˵ǽƵĲͽˣ
ڳǽ治׵ʱߣֳҲĵȴ˵о
˵ɥʬ󵽵ܲҧƳǽ
˭֪أֻҪڳǽǰеɥʬУ
ţ㣬ʵڲо͸һ˵뷨Ŀ϶ֻôҲȱסԼС
ԤõСĽͷӶ۷׷ס˵ʲôﶼһ㹲ͨģǾϣصĲܹصסҪս
ȻעǸˡ
ʮӺ󣬳ǽжεһ̽Աһγǽ΢΢һ¡ɫһ䣬ѶϽԺԱơͬʱҲ˷ֳǽѾΪˡڽӵָӹڲĵķȫ峷˵ͬʱڱӺԳǽ򷢶޲Ļǣ
һΣЩɥʬӿɾûôˡ
ʿԽƳ룬죡
ھǵĴߴ£ʿıѸٳ
Ϊѵص沿ӣǳҲɡܿ죬ڶɥʬ˳ŶѻɽʬϳǽǰǾȫʱߺ档ңһ˷С
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ʡҲǴ֮һûһЩĪĲۡĳЩط⣬ƾλ˾ı£ڻӣпܵǣظɥʬȻ֮ǰ׹⸴Ȼȫָȫµ̬ʵӦǣ
ʱ򣬻һˣ
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ֳ˼ţȻΧ˵;̾Ͻ̧ͷһǰüγǽɥʬҡţȻ¡ţһĳǽ̮ĳһʱסս
һ̣֪ƮƲס̫
Ի谵Ĺ£ʣĶʮɥʬˮһԽѾɷĳǽƺ˷ڹ˻أһֽţԤ˹ֻһֱŵɥʬȲĳǰ棬ĶɥʬĻ;޴ɥʬţ쳣ɥʬèдȺӵɥʬ
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ôһƺƴڻɫ׵Ԥõ˶˼ġڻʱʣɥʬĽԾɫף
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ɱ
ӵ󣬲ľʿԼͬĿǹûܵЩɥʬӰ졣
ֳǮǷӦģžͿˡι֧Ԯǹ֧͵ҩǾṩģֻҪƴǹˡΪù˼ģֳҲѵðӵ˴̼¾Ϳ˺üУ
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һʱ䣬ҽɥʬϵһ⣡
Ҳˣ
һԤõξȻһסˣԶɥʬ˦һŻȵѪҵϣĵʱʧӰ١һĨѪ⣬ӵǹͷܣ
ˣܵξ
涽սľЦһǹһǹ
һս֮ƾʲôϣǷǲǸʧȻǵڻסɥʬΪǵĴվ˳һŻӣ
ӭͬһǹ졣
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˵ǣһֻ˵ɥʬֳԶλá
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Ҫǵʱȿȥһӣըǽ𾧾Լˣ
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ŷֲϣֻʣɥʬе˶˿涽սٱҲ˿Ц⣬ǹ䡣˭Ҳ֪Щɥʬ᲻ᷢĹƣǶףÿһΣһɥʬĽͻԽ٣
ƽľ˳ν
¸ϵϢ˳õĳĬ


147 ¸
Ϣйأ
ʡٵʡУ棬ϲǵϣϡЩɺϵǣʡж˸֡ݻأϳʡĵڶأʵ൱ۺ
⼸ʡ¸˽
ƶУݸƽӦûκιϵģƫƫǸطһȺɥʬ֪ôľǧϮ˹
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ǿɥʬϮķһ㣬ݵɥʬҲٹˡңѡʱǳãڿҪִƽʱ¸ŷ㡣ɻزŸոӭⲨɥʬһʱ޲ǽ
һأ¸Ϊˡ
̾ʱʱϵҴ߸պеɥʬ洫󻶺¸ȻЩ̶ͬʱڻɣݵɥʬôģ
֮ǰ鱨пݻصķǳ̡԰Ƶɥʬȥڳ¡ҴҲͬܶ࣬ʮ򡣿˵ݻضɥʬȰ١£صɥʬôԶ롰սأ
ⲻͳ
ûú󣬽һϢ½
ӱϿݵĻǳܲסѹϧ۶ֱӣʮɥʬһЩһЩپ¸֪Ҳ֪Բ
ڽ˰ʡķΧЩɥʬͲݵˣǷ·ŵʲôζһ˳·˹ȻƽʮǡϧǣʱعæӦƽɥʬˣΪֱҲը¥ϡټûи߿زûע⵽ǸɥʬϹ
ڷˣһѾˡǲɥʬĵִֻһʱ䣡
ܲܽͨݵͨѶ
Ĭ˺ܾú󣬳¸ָ߽ģµҪ
Ϊݲ̫Զⳡͨ辭ǾͿԽܿ죬¸ҵҪϵˡ
ݻصһţݵгϵĸʡͬʱҲǳ¸Ĵѧͬѧ
ûбˣ͸ңΪʲô¸żɽֱʳԼ֪⡣Ҫ˵Щɥʬģ϶ţôôɾߣ
ϳ°ʲôΪʲôôף
ڴǴ׵Ϳ
˵Ǹûõģָ֪ʲô¸ЩȣԼĻҪƽ
ǸҲû취¡
һȵ˼ָֻ֣û취ҲܲסѹֻˣЩɥʬҲɣȥˣֻ˵ܲסѹȴû˵ѹ
ɥʬǡ
¸ҲףֻԽȴԽ侲ߣ㻹ͬѧ¾Ͳ͸©һΪɥʬµıǮֻ²Сɣ
ٶҲҵģס
ɣֻԼ汻ѹסĵΡ
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Ȱ˵Ʈķ·ûκȴ·شһϣûֵԽãسסʱԽǾͻԽʹֶΣڵһ׳վĩպģȻҲֹ˾档ңɥʬûôףɳȥЩֱֻһܣ
̾˿ԾڴˣԼΪ֮
ͨѶʹжˣ¸һ㶣ȴǺþûƽ
˰Сʱ֮ƺͨʲôһֱѹŵƣ·ͻȻֱͦҲ΢΢һЩ
ˣˣ
ֲҵˣȻ㣬Ǿǵˡ뵽¸ټֵĻԼҪˡ¸룬ûǻȥȽϺáԿĳЩӵļһ³
ʱǺڵɫػܾʡ
ǣϧ˻Щ޹۵ҴߡǿԸõĻȥġ
뵽̾˿ûɥʬϢ෴ģʼһĵ£ظ߲ĸϵӿʼܵǿʼΪغ׼
ҴߣʱӶˡʵڲеĻԴһ·ͻΧȥȻѻĸԴӺͲоɹһȥǸѶԲ¸ȴѾˡ˭ǸˡԼȥ׶Ҳȥκһء
ʵģֻҪûЩ˶Ȼͻ᲻ܲˡ
ˣǸҪʵҡ뿪ĻĸʩҪǰ׼ٵҲҪ١ϴδӰǨƹûٷǸھƿ²ǻذȫǱЯˣֻҪѸɥʬйصĴϾˣ
ôĿǰӷչˡ
ľ£ؿʼս޸زûʼǽؽĽһЩڶԻҴߵĸ𣬳¸˼ӹһԤķߡ
ʱɳ赲һɥʬĽľ͸ƾˡ

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Ĳ²ⲻûеȻĴԽܳȥ
ε龪һ
ֳͷʾͬǮĻ
ԱߵʩǮޱһһ߰ѲְϳĶ¼ڵҲûö೤ʱ䡣
ĹɥʬǻпܷҲҪһʱ䡣ϾɥʬȻϳ֣ϾҪһ̣ܼʱˢһ¾ȫˡȻˣǽӦпʱ䡣
ֳһܣǮǴҲˡ
ϢһҹֳǮ˺Ŀ꣬һˡ
ǮޱҲȥܲҵǸˡ岻£ûųȥʩҲֻŮ˴ڼֳǮֲġԣֻʱһʲô£ҲԸհæ
ģζܻ
һǮ񷢶
ʿصʱֳͷƳһۣԼûЩԡҪϸ˵˵ָо΢Щϸ룬ƺҲûʲôĵطǣ·
һγֳǮƽرٹһ
ǿϵʱֳǮͻȻǰƽϳ˴ɥʬտʼʱֻεɥʬȺҲû̫⡣ųӿɥʬԽԽ࣬ʼΪЩɥʬ˵Ҳʮֻ
ǵķ򣬷ǳƽȥģ


148 
ʱ㣬ɥʬҲ̫Զˡ
ֳȻɥʬֵʱ򣬻صָڣ¸˿ʱ䣬ȻھֲΧڷ˳
һʱ֪ؾ˰־ӡһЩҪļԱ߱ĲֶԼΪͷĿʵң
ȻҪȫأҪߵĶǺܶġϾộˣǰ֪ɥʬҪ£ܴߵĻǾߡЩʳϡ͸ֻκһ˵Ҫ
Щװϳʼ󣬳¸ŻǰһСʱ
ǰǲǲԣĻͳˣɥʬ·Ͼͻɢ׷ԤһСʱĻ˸պܳ룬ɥʬǾͻ˳׷ء¸ڻڸһݴЩɥʬԶ
ȷһ²ú󣬳¸һ¾װȻżĸָĳ룬Ѱ׵ĽӦװ׳ȥ
һ֧ĲԼĸҳ϶Ǿûġ
ڲ´ѾҪ𽥻ˡȥܿܲȫԼľڣԷġ
ˣС£ȥȷһλĽڵĳ򡣻˭Գ⣬ΨǼҪ֤Եİȫһ˿ΣյĿܶУ¸׼ǳȻλڵƢתͷһ䡣
λǳģƽʱܺãһо˻ͷţ

СºȻԤλԸ¸ݹϵĳξƽʱҿɽ¶ˮΪǿЦڿ⴫Իģ
Ӱţ
ͷ߳üĳξȻ⣬֮ǰλĽڣʵҭһأ
¸ȻҲǳԸĽڵĿԼԴͷ۵Ҫʱ̣һֶΣ֮󲿶ӳ룡
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ξʱһɣɿĴ˸ʵˡ
ͬʱǮһɥʬɱֳǰȻʶ˲áȻôɥʬǴģȴЩɥʬȥ
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ȫûʼ޵ĳǽֳĶˡЩɥʬȻһЩɥʬڻûз£˶ɥʬҪ죡
죬ǳػأ
ֳĴǮ͵һ̣ʿѸٹչͷؿ
ģЩɥʬûˣôͲͣأǮһ䣬һ߼һߵͷ󿴡ڷֵ磬ЩɥʬҲ£ɥʬҲ׷ϵġˣǵİȫû⡣
ֻǣͷصİȫҪʺˣ
㲻𣿡
ʱľŹȥֳܿƽЩЩɥʬ˵Ǵģɥʬһ㶼ȫۺŻᷢ⼸ʮɥʬΪɶ֮ǰǲսĻؿֱӾˣ⻹ͷμɥʬŸһʱȻİɣ

һѣǮҲعЩɥʬЩˡ
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ɥʬѾ𽥱˦ں棬ֳеֽȸлڡʱŤͷͬʱߴǮ
ңǮʶٶȲţɤŽеע⿴·㵱Ҳ뿪죿Ҫĩǰĸ·ҾܰԽҰ쭵һģ
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˵˵ͷȻʿ뿪ıӰĽϹó
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ɾʱĵԼ·ǧڱһ㣡
Լ䣬ɥʬǵĹֽ
ǸһϽȥܳʮ׿Զǵصɥʬʱ͵һһһ˹ȥ
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ǷŵΣձʱͨɥʬҪξҪܳʱ䡣ڣԾͣͨɥʬټˣҲһ׵ĻɫٶѾܸͨСУɥʬǿ౬ʱ۷塣ףȫ泬ٶȣ
ֻҪԼһЩԶЩɥʬͿܳ˺
ţѸŷڳ߸ϵĶѣֻϵ۱ˣ
Ȼܲҵ鷢ˡ̫ţĳŷû߼Ϩˡ֮£ֲͣƵĶţζûܰѳԶ˹ɥʬΧһܡһ߲ͬ飬˲ľ
ղôû˵أڲð
ĸ̾һֻɥʬɵԺޱ޼ʵɥʬʧȥ˵ֿ
ӺСӵ˱ɥʬûһС˻û
ʿϣһֱ۲ֳûܿ׷ϣﲻȻʱǼʱԼĽ飬ӦܿӰŶԡȻʼûǱˡƼˮֳ꣬ϲϴʾѾ御ԷҲûϵ
ǸùС⣬һ·֮ϣֳӴҴææظϡ
ǵļƣǽųȥģҲǷɥʬڳȥʾ·ŵƽʱҲƵĴкҲʾ⡣ûκǸ飬ǳĬƴؿ
ھǸɥʬֶʱ̣
һ·ۣܿ죬ƽصòԶԶĳߵľͷɴæظϵȴ֪ڴʱڵĳ¸Ѿеĳ׼ҿʼһСʱɥʬȫصϢ


149 г
ǻ˾¸յõϢһʮ֮ɥʬֻءʮΣоǱȾأ
֮ǰΪȱͣصĹ㲥һжϹڳ¸Ҫ˵ȻҲͲǵˡһ̣еȫ򿪡
ʱɫ磬һЩе¸ɵڴûȻ¸صķԣ˶ˣûҲȫ͵ķƺڻԼĶǲǳ⡣غúõôͻȻҪأ
Ȼ¸Ļܿʹǵ룡
ݵɥʬصԤϣ޷Чķ鱨ɥʬһСʱ͵ִأѸó׼صؾᾡΪȡһ㳷ʱ䣬ظһ顭
Ϊ¹ش󣬳¸ԼԽ飬
һº󣬻ﾲ¶ҴǶţϣ¸ջظղŵĻڿЦֻߣҪµǨƣҲУֻҪŻߣǲٰһμң
ǣûˣ
㲥ѾǻظĻӦ
ʧ;Ѹӿ֪˭ȵһ³ضʱȻȵġɵġġ޽еģָûسһޱĲг
һЩǵ˾ãӦûһս֮Ȼмʮɥʬƴ֮ҲδȡʤӦþô
˷֣һŵĵطҲûˡټĩ³εˣ
ȫ˻ضǵıӻһ̣ǿʼڮٻص쵼˵¸̰Σվܣ˵¸Ϊ
⣬ĶͷԶٲЩĵˡһʰһ߲˷ˡˮ㡣
һʱ䣬ҳһšʧǣͷӬһ㵽ҴܡʱǹӾǵĿֻţ˿̣ҴٲȻѾѻص涨׵Ժ󡣿һ̣ȷҲûʿٹ˵Щҿǹˡ֪˭ѵĿкһƬżǵıը;ѡĵĺڰһ̵õ˳׵ͷź֣֮ǰƽڵȻ޴棡
£ֳǮ˼ݳʻ˻ء
ڳ¸Ľ˶֪ɥʬǴӱġˣû˸ֳǮǶˡɥʬӱ浽һҲò˶ʱ䣬󲿷Ҵڵ˼ǣܵԶһһ㣡
صѾõϢˡ
ֳŻһƬҵӣüʿʻһط̬һ޺ĵŮӣʲôԶֳ˲˫֣°졣
Ůӻ֪ʲôֻоͷմȾЩȵҺ壬ǸӴĵͷġ
ܲ˵ģޣ
˵ţǮҡҡͷͬʱ˳١
ڻﵽˣܰٶȱ30/СʱѾܲˡ⻹ֳʱǹĽȻǰ˿϶ûôÿ·
ҾٶȾ͹ˣ߾ȿɥʬȻϻġ˭ǰͨصأ˵ͷˣΪʲô֮ǰû˵һСʱǰͨأֳȻ⣬Լ顣˼ܿŲˡôңԼļҡ
ţɵʩǮޱ
Һýʱи˶ţֶǹһıͽǲ̫óȻµġ֮ǰԸ˵ˣһɽǴ
Լʱľǡ
΢ԼһֳӴ˿ǹƵʡ˴ǶĩϣˣȻǰ治ߣһȥļơˣֳǮֱײԼҲǵĵ
ۿſ쵽ԼͥԺڵĽֵ󣬵סȥ·Խ
Ͼǻ˶ֳǮҲû취ֻȡھֻаֵľ룬ɥʬһʱ䣬˵Ҳ̵ס
˿̣ܶѾæʰöʼϼҴڵءȡϴǨƽѵŪȻвţһЩƽʱԾû׼ھɵˡڻѾ£ǿʼ˳⡣
û˻£ЩûκεĹ˼ɣ
λ磬߰ɣʲô¶
·һмɫŮӿʿǰʱһɫĶļø֣Ȼס۵ھֵɫǳ
ȥ
ֳһ۱ע⵽͹ǷǹҲԶҲмӲＷ
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ͣ
Ůӿֳϵϵıʱ׺ݡӸֱͳǹʿǼӵʧǣԾʿǷģǹӵ򲻴ֻ潦ǡ
ݰ
Ǽ˾Ȼأ
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ʱǸβŮӲʶԼ˺ˡͷһƿȺӣ
ˣ
ŮӣֳҲûʲôϧ飬һ㶹ӵ졣ڻֻҵ£ʴȺǾҪõģȻҶ֣Ҫóֳǿܵ׼
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ʱֳǼҵķǹ
ֳǮһۣ˱˴еĵǡӺֳƿŷ˳ѳȸϼ￴
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ֻȼ˿ֳǾ˵һĻǵı鼸һģһȫ˶ݵĴͣ
ղǸ꣬õʲôֻߣǳˡ֩Ͱ
ûܻشǵʡ
Ǽ˻ع۾ڿһµʱֳʧǵҰڡڽֱߵķɱ£ʮֳ͸ϵԼļһ·ϼǽŲմأ
ܵĸʱ


150 ܴ
ԺʩǮޱŮ˵㡣
ļϲ֪˭һǹѪֹɫףԾɵֳǹҧ˶šԱƽһ꣬ͬŵǹӦǹæġ
ͥԺĴ⣬һ߰˸˵Сӻ￴ţһʱҲҳ
ֳʱ
һֱӴͥԺΧǽ˻ƽǶһͬǣصֳŮȫ¶ϲɫȻֳķʽѸжϳ˵Ĺϵ˵ȻҲǵˣ
ţͷǸԵԺҿǹ
ˣ΢ŴĸǣαôأһŮôͷǹʳŮ˻˭ңֻҪǸС͸漸죬ǾѣȻѵ鷳ģӻͷôɧŮˣ˴ϻˬ־ڱصã
ϴǵŮˣǸӣһŮأ
С椣Żԭװİɣģ̣Ů
ϴ󣬳ĺģ㴲⣡
СʶȤĸ壬Щֳ뵽˹װﳣĹ幫ӴŹӵϢٸһĻΪЩ˿ǿʩ棬û뵽Ȼ׼ǮޱҪǮ֪ˣǵðһȫͷȻң

ǮޱЩ˾;öģ³һֻ֡ϰˣҲررģƻǸһĸо˵ֳʱҲЩġ
ô鰡˵Ů
ӻͼգϾﶼǹӲȥĻԼҲˡοǸеС椡
Ǯޱǵ˺üˣ
֮ǰڣӲóȻ֡ѾߵŮ˶û˾ͷ˭ؾôЩͻأıˣһƬңֵĺûᡣΨһԤϵǣͥԺھȻбˡŸճȥΪҶ䱸ŵͿǹǶһȻˣҲʧȥѵĻᡣ
ڣѾеﻢµĸоˡ
еǣͻȻͥԺǸӾȻһȻ˳Ǹ벻ƣܸһ֣ʲôĸо
ԣƵᣡ
ιͣ£ӿ߹ֳɺȻЩĻšǹݺݵĵһ㣡
ֳѹû
ΪڵϻģӵвȻǿЦһֳ۶˰
һֳ̣ʹǰʧˡ
мֲʦʵȻܵıӵ죬ֳֻڴӿ۶ʱǰ˶ѡҲñΪܶ㿪ӵˡȫֳܵ·һֻɥʬһɫ˹˫㶹˲俪
ӻû׷ʲô;ؿһʹģ
֮ǰ߻ԼСܵľ
һֳֵԥ˫ŷѸٳһŷͷ˹ȥҪʲôʽֻƾٶȺֳ׸ɵЩͨĴСܡͬʱ˫ƵƵת˲ȫУ
ֶԼ͸¶һָ͵Į
˵ԴӽĩԺֳͶͿԽˡ
ǷŵĩǰɱҲġɱһɵ˺ֳֻ䣬ȥ潦һѪʵҲֻһˣҴɱɥʬʶĩ龰󣬶ҲᵭĮģ
ֳ֡
ղһĶúԶԶŵƽˣʹţû°;ȵĵϣ
ǺĿֳһ˲ڳ׵ľ룬ֱôӵǹˡʲôٶȣһ׽˹ͷϡεĺ
Լνˣȷһֻɥʬ
ȻȵĻں档֧Сӵ˻һԱ߿ųûиһлͷʱǡÿֳֵһĻɵԲ۾֮£İһܣȺжֳһǹ
ֳ쵽ʱӵǡóţ
Сģ
ȻǶֳĵʩ棬ǹʱҲɴ󺰳Ǯޱĸ͵һֳ˻ᱻˣ

۶һ̣ǹ˾͸оҪˣ׼ĻСĩؼλһǹȻҪҲˡԤֻǶοǹһоûʲôѧĽͣȴ׼
ʵϣֳȷǱһǹˡ
˲ܷǿסһǹĿɿڴע£ֳ֣±ӵһڵ·ֻžһһŻƳγεӵ·
ϣһѪû֣
Ҳ
ˣѾǹ밡
·ԶԶһĻǱŵһ仰Ҳ˵ǰһĻѾǵ󣬾ڵӰĻ泣ĺܣʵˣȴǿң
ͥԺʩֺ¡ֿģмֽ
⿴ǮޱҲ¶һĨظЦʩͻȻһ˿衣
㣬ǹɣۼеµ϶ǹŵûɪɪôҲǰһĻԴհ˼Ȼ뵽ʲôֳָ󺰣ˣ϶ɥʬѹܵסҵӵ
⻰ʱôҺЦ
˭ɥʬһһ˵ùļһǱֳı̬̼ˣ
Сӣ´μǵ۾㣬ϲǵˣ˵ţֳһѽȻ͵һ˦ֻһͷѵȻ󣬾ûʲôȻˡ
û°ɣ
ۿЩɫļһﱻͳͳɵʩ۵·ϵĵס
ġֳЦЦûǰ׼£ǹȷЩסⲻǻзôһ¶ûеģҾûҲûʲô۵ǿҲǿȶɥʬģûô
ղźŶ´μǵҪСġ
ǮޱҲ˹ǳЦűԼĸм
֮Źȥлһ㣬ôܵ˫˺еõ˼ְοƽһæˣ˿̻ûֳӲӵ˵𺳻лع˺һᣬŻл㱵˹㱻ϵש
ڰɣֳЦЦֽסˡ
ֳղǣ
ƽȴ˻شĻǾ̽һ£򣿻ʲôӵܶ㣬Ӳ̫̬ˣ
ʲôֳǹŪһ飬Ȼȥ⼸˵ǹ֧ҩȫս˹ǳϵʳϣŻشһֳɡ
ȺҲûʲôס


151 ǰ·ͨ
ĽڣѾ׷˾ĳӶҪˡ͵ǸϽɣ
ʱʵڣһĳξεĸǰλڰšѾԱվ˿ʮˣϧǣֻвϵĽڸû
ʲô
˵ţĽڰµһʵݼ¼Ȼһ£ʵղ˵ʲôҪˣĶô죿
ξ˷Ӧʱϲģ˾ߵҶߣ
ĽƲһۣҡͷĲأҪ֪ʱʵʩܲƣŵĸֲȻ󶼱˸ȾһԾΣյġ֮̿⣬й¶ˣɥʬǾ鷳ˡԣڳ֮ǰұ뽫Ĵŵȫ٣
֮ǰ֪ͨΪʲôǰξһ䡣
ʱæ֪˵ʲôĽȻĻٶҭסˡ
ǣû೤ʱ䣿ξһϣһ䡣
ҲüСʱ
Ľڿ˿Щļʵ˳ġշת˰ƽصĲҡҡͷ֪ɥʬôѶԸʱͲðЩ
УξĻǵƢһת¸ֵоԱӦҲܴɣɥʬĿҪ˾ңϴλר뿪
ô˵٣
ĽڵĻû˵꣬漴ξֱӴˡ
Լ͸ģĿ˿ελϵĽڣĶµ죬ȴϳȥЩоԱǰæĲǼϽµо϶ϣһݶ٣
㽻һ󣬳ξŷʰ׵Żȥ¸ˡ
ξȴûע⵽ڵϵǷµġҲΪֹϸı棡

ţƵĳ
ƽû뵽гղǷ˼Ļ棬ʱһ̾ûȥæһ˾͸㶨ˣ
ϧԼΪʲôûܣ
ƽһ˿ۣҲ֪ͲǹƽġԼȻûܣȴֳܵ˹ϵҲúܶĽ˰ɣ
ֳĽһʧ䣬ǫһ䣬ųһڷ磺ʲôȷʵ磬ҲûʲôرҪҪҵа취Ū
ûʲôرģôɡ˵ʲô
ƽһΪԼˣŷӦ־ϲ׷ֳʵ˵ղչֵҲܵõ
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ֳЦŵ˵ͷܿת⣬̸˱ġƽץⲻÿܹɥʬҲˣһĶĥǳ顣ֲñֵ̫Уֻܽεֳתתȥ
ɥʬͿˣʰ뿪ɡԸ׼𣿡
ֳʻƽĲɵĵʰˣʱܹ
ֳ˵ͷУǰԼڶ⼯ϡȻȥԸ˵һɣʱͶһӺ󣡡
Ŷá
ƽߵʱǽһԹһͷһ㶼֡Ҳ⣬˭ܿܵջأ
ôȫСˣѾ˿ڣҺֻƤˣӵҲȥˡȻѪ˲٣ȴ޴󰭣һʱͺáҲӵܵˣָԶͨˣ仰˸ղֳƽĻܿǴԸǵ⡣
㿴ɱҪ˼ֱ˭ҲܲǸջ󣡵ӵܡ鵽ǿ󣬾͸޷ֳĿˡΪӵķȨȫֳϵģ
ԸҲСӵȻգ
⵱ȻֳﻰʱǮڿȺи˹첲ϵˣɳһϽ׷ʸղŷʲô
ҲûʲôرģǼ۵ȥ˯һ
ֳ赭дĽһ䣬ʱǮŭˣ˭Ҫ𣿡
һָѾöӳ㶨ˣǵɵЩһ
ˣǻǱˣ֪ڿ϶Ѿ£Լɫõһ飬Ǯ̲סõϵʬݺݵǹ̢һ٣ʣµİһգ
֣صĶле㲻˼
ȻˣǾ߰ɣʲô·˵ΪǼʮɥʬֳ̲סߴһ䡣ӺСӱȺ󿪳˲ŻûõͥԺһΣһ뿪ƾĲٻˡ
ڸղŵӵѾв˳˻أͨŵ·ϵҲ̫ߡ
Լʱ䣬ֳԸڶˡһĻ֧Сӣд󲿷ֶǸֳʶģҽԺίлæҡźһ֧СӸˣǮޱܹĸڤǣ
һȫʮˣҲдСʮģǱȽϴˡ
ֳһЩʶ˷׷״˸к
ԸҲ⿴˿ֳ֮ǰδֹɻͺ棬ȻѾƽֳ֪ӵܵϢԸҲֻܲڻ̸ʱ
ȴﶼ˵ɽֳú˵˵£
һ󣬶ʮˡǶԤõˣЩֳ£ģҲиԸսõģһġЩ˺ǵļ󣬳ӵѾˣ
Ǹס𣿡ֳ˿ʮĳӣɲĻɡ
ԸȻҲû뵽ô࣬ͷ۵ĵʹĻסһ롭ʣµģǾֻڱӪˡ
ֳҲû취ֻܵʱˡǮһеķ϶бϵģ
ȫע⣬Ŀɽ
ԸڶԽﺰһɤӣȻһǰ·Ϊ֮ͬһֳҲں棬ʣµſҴƴżȥʱֳﳵԵЩС
٣иһ·ġ
ӿȥûú󣬼ճӺ泬ǣǮЩ档
ֳĿŻȣƲƲûʲôֵģ˲٣ֻЩɵϺͻŲ·ļһһѷż
ҲǡǮ˵ͷ˿ļճǰ濪·ҲһǰɥʬҲǰæ̽
⻰ڳòͬü˵ͶԶļճ˿ڣǻ׷档Ź˶̶̼ӣ˵Ͷˡǰ⣬һʮΪȻ³ĴšŵĳȺһ㣬ʮףȴ⸽ͨΨһͨ˿̣ѾŵǼ˴ɥʬ׷Ȼըֱը棡
һըѾʧ޵ĴźȻ
ЩˣȻȫ˾ԶӴ󳵶ӡ
˽˲ӶŭƢܺõֳ뿪ıӰҲݺݴһͨɥʬľڱҲˣԶҲδػ׷Ǽ˾Ȼ£
һ̣е˶񶾵ʩӵϣ


152 ʧҪ
ףģ
¸ĳ복ϣĽԾʹԴԺܵµĵժ۾ۣŷӦԼȻһװ׳ϡ
˭˭Ūϳģ
һ䣬ӦλξԼͻȻʧȥʶģ
ϣˣ
žװĳһͷɸϽк
֮ǰξλ˾˵ҲҪİȫӣó˲ǰλ˴񼶵׳ڶԴֻҪĺãָԼ˼Ǹأ
ĽڳһֲۣʶǱ˵ͷӦˡ͸սĹ۲촰⿴˿ɻʵ
˿ͼЦѾ뿪ؿʮˣʲô𣿡
ʲô
һĽڵͼˡϣȻ³
õԸĳȻϷţ֮£ξýͷöĳ˿
ڣôˣ
ξһĺ·ȫǵ֮ǰ˵ʵ
㻹˼˵Ľ䣬Цֿ˿ڣߵȫ泷ˣ
ξ˵ͷ
ǣҵʵءĽڵĵʡ
ϰķŶɣξ֤ٹЩоԱȥˡоϺܰҶ¸ţ׼һû
ǻ࣡
ĻĽڵɫʵҵǷµıأЩȫˣҰǻܳһΪֹϸķϣǶоҪ
Ӧö˰ɣξҲû룬ֻǵҴȥҾˡ
ĽȴǲĵҲܣҪ滹һ㲻ƵģҪ
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ξҲһͷֻܴ˳Ȼרŷʵҵļ俨ϡһĺ복װкüӣĩɥʬоͷ
ˣԼҰɣ
ĽɨһۣӿʼΪû깤ǷݱҲûװһļﻹͦҵġǣһûҵĽڲɻϽڣ˺ܿٶȷһ飬Ծûз֣
һʵˣ
뵽Ľϱ˷ŭʨӡһסξʵ㲻˵϶ûôôͣ
ȵȣ
ξҲû뵽⣬ĨĨϵĺϽʱʵҵִˣʵȷʵҶˣΪʲôڵıûҵǲǱĳϻУ
ܣ
ҡҡͷ鼮ڱĳϷţɥʬĶǵʱʹоԱҪ˵ˡΰʲôĶûеϵһЩֽʲôģƺҲû˼񣡡
ʿĻʱĽǰһڣһǰҵıŪˣ˵ǷֽҲܣҪǱŪҸûꡣ㣬ǷݱоѾؼĵزֻҪٽһǾпСΧضɥʬˣΪԵʸˣˣְ
ôذɡ
ξСֹһ䣬ĽɫҲ֪ο³ˣǷݱޱҪ
ǣɥʬӦѾִˡ˻ȥ
⣬صƻ
뵽¸ⲼõֶΣξϵ亹ˢľˡӳָܵӳϿʼͣڻľϵҪǲϧһдۣҲҪڻԻǰҵʵǷɢı棡
ֻҪҵˣ˾빦
ξĻе㻬һξһУ빦λŵųȴ֪˾һݹϵġһ̼ųԵĵֿɥʬûͷˣ˼ȫǷݱϡϧǣɳһŵȥʵѰңԾûҵǷݴ˵еı桪ķֽﵹв٣ɿǱȴһݶû
ûаҵѾˣ᲻Ǹˣ
ųԹ˿Զɥʬ֪ϣֻʹݿֿɵõľ
ûУ
õϢĽɵۡ
һСֹؼż¼ȥģûüȫ֪ξҲǾˡ֮£ֻйĳ̾һֻõȰᵽ»غһˡ֮ǰһжȻأֻʱҪģ
Ȼ˭Ҳ֪ǣǷɢı汻һ뿪оԱˣ

űϣӴĳʱͣĿŶﳤȥ
֪ǳʲôǼճϵ˿ȥһξ󣬾Ȼŵ̽ͷǡԶԿ˷ֶָ֮⾡ɡ
ʱٶȼŭˡ
һӣԼܹȥըţñ
ϣŶʮɥʬȫˣ
ͬⰡǼһҲ̫˽ˡҪըţôҲҪǹȥ֮ը
޷֮£мþѻǹʵڿȥֱǹͿʼ׼ϧڶ漪ճĻҳ£ѼǹûĿֻ꣬ǿ뿪Χʱһǹ˵̥۵ļճ漴͵һᣬббĻȥʮףû෭ڵϡ
ɵƯ
ôĶ㲻ԶҲֳܿߵĳӳԱʱȫн
ôһ㣬ǼճҲ֪̳Զľѻǹŵʱ֮£ǳϵڳſ˺һᣬֳȵͷߺЩ˲ֵ׼̥ȴûԼըٴţֳӵôǿǹ
ȻЩԵĵЩ˽˵Զ
ڣֳҲûָǻסȻǰ·裬ֻƻȥ߱·߿϶ǲеˣ֮£ӲòͷϿʱĵǵЧʱֱӴżѾ첻˶١ȻֳΪĻ㾡ɱû뵽ⵢ飬󷴵һЩŵġˣЩΣ
ңɥʬѾִܵƽأڵλҲ̫Զˣ
ҴΧȫȽɽϢ١
ôһ֣ӵʿյЩӰ졣ֳԼӦñʾһ´ڣվԸǵһһ£˵עܿӸղŵը¼תƳʼעڵİȫ
زӵߵϢ
Խﲻ֪˭һʱе̨˷׷״򿪡ֳҲšʿĳص̨ܿҵƽѻɥʬĲӵƵ
ƽظѻɥʬľţų档ɥʬĴѾӿһķΧӺǽȫءûصģʱ뿪ܳذ׷ΧһкԸظһ顭


153 ɺϵһ۶
ƽˣ
ظߵϢֳЩӡ
ڵľŷϢ󣬾ζʡĵֿɥʬ߽⡣ȻڰʡԵļлмĻأԶ簲ûλ˾ɥʬĴ󲿷ֽغ˵ٳȥ
ϧ
ֳֻҲٵЩ˸СֻмûûεĺͼҲǱصҴ΢õ㣬ҲɫȻ
ʲôܳ׵ķΧ
ֳոظһ飬ȻһЩɻľӡɥʬȻסǿ϶ҪܵģԽԶԽãΪɶҪôһ䣿ǻ㣬ǻʲôţ
뵽ʱ
ʱ򣬻ûжϵߵﴫǹʱһЩӵĺӺ󣬸ľԵľѻһѸٳ룬ߵҲֳԽԽŨλ˾Ըûôءʲôǲ֪棬Ҳһ鶼ģ
Ĳ²⣬ܿõ֤ʵ
һľ޴ըֳǾѾ̫ԶǳƵıܿ죬ŵԶصķһе˱ը֮ĢƣֻǴСϲ˺ܶ࣡
ֳ֪Ģǿըпֵܳġײɽ緢һЩıҲûпĢƣҪޱȾҵıըǿȲ
鵽ڣֳѾԼµˡû´Ļλ˾ڳ֮ǰڻڲ˴ըҩȻ֧Ϊնɥʬǽغ˻صըҩ֪ͬɥʬһ죡
ôֱʣҲݵľǣ
ֳΪ˴ﵽĿģص˶ըҩǶС͵ĢҲ΢µһڳӵˣǲ²׷ף²³ľǲĿɿڴ
䣡һ¾Ͳ֪ըɥʬˣ
˺ܿ쿪ʼ
ȻˣﻹҪôһ֣ѵλ˾ﻹЩģԸҲڶԽ﷢ԼĿԼЩɡ
ȻģǸﻹҪأ
ʮɥʬȻûлΧǽҲûڣƾʣ಻ٵ̹˺㹻ܻƴһµģ
˾˼ܴĦ
֮ԱǣǸʵĳ¸ķ˿ܲµĻǻصĴȨָˣ
ԸնʱͶķ˿ûнġǰЩǰ׼õĸ߾ȵͼǰ幫⣬ͨɽһ·ˡӻųЩӦҲвԿܻǻȽϼ
ӸϵѾԿҴˡ
ǻ߿Ŀĵĸ·ҪôϼҴڵӣ·һȺ񡪡ʵҲֲֻ࣬ܵʲôԺͺˮѰˣ
ֳǵĳӿȥ·ϵҴ߶ҲһЩ뿿ż복ӵġǻĵطٵĻֳ϶ǡҴô࣬ӵĬ˭Ҳûͣ£ȶıٶȺͳ͡
˲ʲôʱ򶼿ģĩˣ
ǰǣ
ʱӵǰ𽥳һ֧ԶκҴߵӴ顣ֳһ֮ŷǲֻصĳӺʮҴߡУֳ˿ٷӦӺͼķţӦǻظ߲ˡֳ֧ǵĳӾ̫ˣ
˿̣سӳٶȲԶûޣչΧŵĴҴߡЩںˣظ߲㲢ûȥкҲûϣžĬ˼
ӦƸȦӣȻԶԶرȥݰɣ
Ըմӳ̽ͷһԼ֪˻سӵĴ㣬ɸпһֱԺͲ֪ʲôʱټˣ
Ǯ˵ͷȷʡǱ߻ͦԶġ
ôһ˵˸ٴαֳҲʿĳŵ·һ಻ϱǳԽĻسӡмֳϧִټкûܴһô˦
ʮ˵ĶҰǺܳģֳǳӿ˼Ӻ󣬷ֻسӵķ𽥸û´Ļ⸽Ӧþǻصĸ߲ˡ
飡
ǹȻ𣬽ţһ;ʹԶӴͷһֻŽɵ䵥ɥʬ⧲£Ѿʮ˱̼ɱֻɥʬǴ󵨵ֱӳ𳵶ӣ
ĩûĸطȫģ
ڰ£һֻ䵥ɥʬȻΣգҲû취ϾǻزӵľϼĿָ£ʮ̹˺װ׳һӵϣĻǹ˳׼ɥʬʼɨ䡣ʮǹδһǹô͵Ļ£ɥʬһǰķҲץʮʿצҲƿһʽװ׳װף
ĳɰңҺĲǸĻ֧Ԯ
ɥʬʿʬԱ߿ȥʱֳ⿴һۡ
ڰ쵥صľӣֻɥʬδҲ̫˵㣡
Ťͷ׼ϳʱбһװ׳Ҳǡɴ˹۲촰һɨĿȻֳˡ
һ̣ʿʹװ׳Ա߿˹ȥ
ֳüͷܾǸšһʱ䣬벻ΧĿٷӦӵźЩľһ飬ʱµ˵ݣ
ѵôɣԼһ۵˾ǳ¸
ͬһʱ̣װ׳ĳ¸ҲԼݡ
ûϳֳԤõξԼڹΡϾԳ¸˵ֳֻһ棬ϤҲ⣬Ӳֳ֪һֱҵӵܵǸˡֻǲ֪Ϊʲôܵľøղʿ˸ԼЩϵ
⵱Ȼǲ׵ĵУ
Ȼעһ֮Ե˾ôڻķϵĹ·ϲһ׼ǰ׶أһȴȥɽҵط˭Ҳ֪ǣպټʱѾ˷ˣ
ʮӺֳǳ׳Խ˻صĳӡ
ǰĻҴܶ˴ųֱӾһ·£෴ķ뿪ˣǰ治ࡣ·Ժõ£Ӳٴμӿٶȡ
ѣæ
ʱǰһĦгɿӭ濪ϵ˱һڰϴһļпˣƺܾûϴżֻɥʬȻûǹ֮ǰҲûôɥʬӲǱǶݺݵŻˣ
ȥƣһΪǱ׵ɥʬ׷أЦһ䡣
ֳǵĳǰôֻɥʬʵڲһЩͷֱƽԶǹžһӵܼǹֻһСᣬ漴Ѽֻɥʬȫ
Ħг˻ͷ˿ϵİ


154 µչ
㶨ˣǰ
˳Ǽֻɥʬ󣬳ǰŵ˸λĦгִ˸кȻ·
һ£
ƺ˵ʲôֲ˼ڡۿųӿȥʮף¶Ħ׷Ҫȥܴ𣿡
˵ƣղżֻɥʬͰųˣ㲻Ǹ׸ô˵ˣ֮ǰֲʶƾʲôһķһ䣬ֳеӡҲǵ侯ģڸڤ»졣
ǣ
㲻г𣿸ŻصĳȥݰɣȻܲãôʱ㰲ȫ
˵Ļ˳Ӵ󲿷˵ȻˣֳҲûٿ˵ʲô
ɶ֮ǰȻûɥʬսϰﲻʲôæȴǸҽңڻصʵҲǸоɥʬģǿ϶аҰɣ˿ʼŬԼ
ҽ
ݶʱò˿ɶٺõˣҲиͷȵʱ˵ʱǶɥʬ޽⣬ȱҽҩĩиҽܻǶ༸ֽ֤
뵽õĳٶ
˭ϻпգɣ
ֳһԳƵҽְҵ˵ڻʵﵱоԱȤôҲ¶һ
֧棬һ˶ֳʶ˵ֳҲŵġۿֳиƤļһѾЩͷǮĦгƤ˾Ҳû˷ѣһӵ˺صĳ
ݵֹͣ󣬳ӼǰһΣܶ˶עŵ¼ļһϡ
ιҽ𣿡
һǿ⳵ļһ˳θëƫƫĩʳﵥһֲִڣҸûʲôθҩʵ˲
Ȼҽˣҵ껹ڰеĺʮҽԺҽʦأ
±˲ţ¼복ӵҽϽԼݺ;ţƵͷξһҲ֪Ǽ١
ô
ӱʾɣڵ˻ûȬءһҽǴкô
ƭû㱾£ôܱʵҽƺԼʵģﻹеԺ˼
ʵҰƽҲڻصʲôλãôƽһֱû
еģλڻصľ½ǵġһ˵ԼйصģҽʱϲĸҸ˵ʱʵҵǰļʵң߼֣ϧΰǨԺ󣬼͵ˡͲȫжʱץٶ׵ɥʬһֻشɥʬǳȡ걾
һһ˵˰Сʱвѿˮɲͣļơ
˵ֶͨ˵ǻܵȷ˺ܶжԽû˵ҲϽϱõģ´ʲôҪİϢĳ֣Ǹĳ;˲Ȥ
ˣʲô
ˮļ϶ֳץסᷢˡ
ֳһᣬҽҲԼûҽܣǸϽε˵ңǾͽϷˡ
ֳ˵ͷʵȻʵҼ縺зΣǻضӦǷǳصĲŶԡȻˣôûصĳһȥݣʱ򿴵سӺ˵Ҳøʮأ
仰ʵĻǺˮƽģӵ˶ʱҲɵ㡣
ϷҽʲôڵĿԣĬһ赭дĵʵϣظǰоԱҲ˳ġֻҽһᣬȻԼĦг뿪ˡ
Ϊʲô
Ըڷˣ˭źôҪԼð뿪أϾھ󲿷лسӵıζ£
ҵһ˽⡭
Ϸֻ˵ôһͲ˵ˣֳǶΪһﲻ˵˵ʱ˿ɬĵʵҲûʲô˿ڵģԼˡ֮Բ뿪ΪһˡǼһǻظ߲ЭǸӵĹϵģֻǼһеɫѡײţͰˡ
⻰ʱһƬȻҶʱԭ
֮ްѹ֣
ڴ˵ĳѾڲ֮ġǻԼ´Ҳټλˣ
һʱ䣬ڵ˷׷׶ϷԼͬ顣
˾λʱ򣬻زϽķӦòĻǺϵģ˵мǿľٶˡǸЭϵ˸ǿô鴦ľٱλ˾ķ˿˳
Ϸ̾˿ûǿֻ湴ˡƾĶۣλ˾ǵĴȷǸЭԱĴɸü֣ڻҲҶ༸Ȼ󡭡Ƕãֻ̰һЩѡ
£ɷλޣ翴㣡
̰ĲܻΪľ۵ġ
һȺ˿ʼοϷʾԸԼʧɢꡢ֪ӽܸܺͷϷ˺ܶࡣ
ô˵Цţӳɽൽ˰ʱֳ֣ǵĳӿеĵؽ硣һ·ϣСʱǰһǧҵɥʬ⣬ûʲôΣաɥʬһֻ복ӺԶûü׷ǣ
˸طϢһֳǲ̤·;
һʱ䲻ɽôĻ鲼صɥʬƺûע⵽طӿɽѾһСʱΧмֻεɥʬ⣬յʲôûСֻв·λ֮ܿǰʱʯµĺۼ·λסӵ˲òͣ³һǰʱ䡣
֮ǰʱôģ
ֳǵǰЩԸ˵Ǵı֪̽ǵʱôߵġ
ԸȻҲû뵽·ôߣüʱǲǻ˸̽Ϸֲίôߵı·һģӦþͿ쵽ˣ
ġͿ족֣һֱһʵ֡
ɽߵɽ֮һ߰˰׸ߣҲɽΨһܿЩɫɽͷͶʹȼٴ壬ϧΧĻʵڲôϰҲûܶͶʣɽ·Ǵִֵһҵıڿ쵽ɽĵطһƽ׵ƽ̨̹ˣ
⸽Ӧû崱ĶţȻûǸǮ޵
ԸյĻԼôһĽоֻǮôĩܻ࣡
仰ʵＸǮļһУӵƵһʱۿĿĵڼÿ˵鶼Ͼһ·߹ҶûɥʬģܹﰲĴһʱ䣡֮ûѡһߣһû֮ǰôģҲǶɥʬûû˵Ľеᷳ
¼ңϣһƬԴ
㽣˳ɽ·Ǵıǰ


155 ԸյĿ
һۿⴱ󲿷˶һ䣬Ǯ
ֳӳʱҲⴱִıסˡ¶Ӿءͣݴԡȫ׵ĵӼӰϵͳԼ¥ʮƽ׵̫ܹ壬ЩһҪѴǮŪġ
ӵҴҲٸ̾˼ΪǸǮ𾪡
ȥֳЩЦˡ
ɫĵذ塢ˮơļͥӰԺһЩ֪ĹŶʱڵļҾߡЩʲôɻһ;ЩŤˣҸĽҲֳһĴΰʫʺֹŹָиǿҡ
Ȼλ˸ûʲôƷζԣֻҸһͨ
Ǹ˵ӡǱ
ˮƽ治һ㰡Ըչһᣬ̲ס񻢱ԹѾǵһٿʱǾܣ
ǺǺǡ
񻢸ЦһҲ֪ôش
ܱķŤװ޵ĻǷǳõġܹ¥Сʮ䡣Դĵ̶ϵĻסʮ˸⡣ʣµģʱ񽫾һ¡⣬̫ܷʹ洢ϵͳ˱ĵǻϲóġ
֪õҴ߲ɸ
ǹ˲滹ûжصĶ˲ϻûͣõ׷״򿪼ͥӰԺԺͿյܺü²ܹĹ
̫Ҹˣ
мѣ˵Ѿûԣ浥ֻǿҲ˷ã
нһ
ȥⲻǴ˵еƺôҪҲŪһڳ
ۣôԡף̫ˮһϴû
ϲõ˷ھõļžⴱӭԼֵһ̣
ֳҲոȾˣĪࡣ
ڻʱȺɥʬĽľסôҲȱáڣƬﶼ̵Ŀտɽǿʱɥʬ׵Ժ󣬺úõϢһˣڽֳǰһЩֽз
ڤǴ˰ѳͣãİĶǮ㣬ȥӼתתˡ񻢣죬˿ﻹûпܲɥʬȼĻ취ųһʮСʱ
һİ˵ȱҲһЩⶼǵˡ
㵽ҲûʲôѸִȥ
ѡֳԸǹģ϶Ϥˣ˵ҲɿһЩΪʱס£ЩҪءоʵ⣬еĶࡢе٣ܺķĻ϶ìܡȥЩ⣬ֳһʱ仹û뵽ð취ڲŸʱڵ
ľϲȥҴƽ
е˾ڱĲƺϣһ¶ľ۲͡ȻƺΪû޽ԵЩңܵ˵оûʲôóԵģһЩͷȡ׷ʲôҲǳԵĲֺ
ϾֻҪ˵ˣԿʲҲģ
һ۲ͣСʱ˰ơƺ˲٣ˡ
ʩǮޱŮҲѵöźһȻ࣬ȴǰ˼ֺΣġʩѾˣҲֻܰĽֳǮޱûأ
һ뵽ٻڲɴ
ϧǮɷ羰ļһǮޱߣ˭˻ȥʵòһϡ
ֵʱǹĺܿģ֪ҹɫɽĵһ⣬ҲŰǰ
ȻСҲסһٶˣ϶Ҫ¶ӪġȻ˭˯ִңڱڣҲʽķʹ֮֡һŪãžۼһİ˿Ϊ¾ҡ
ģ϶Ҫһ
Ըյû顣
Ըһռһ䣬ǿ϶ҲǴ˷ѡ˼Ըյķ䡣
ΪԼ֮֯һֳȻҲܵõһ䡣ǾʩˣǱҲδػͬ⡣֮£ֳֻѡ˻סȻʩǮޱԼŮʱסһ䡣
⣬סǿˣ̾ʹ˰˾Ÿ
ȥϴּ䡢͵ҵȷ⣬סʮˣֳĻࡣʣµʮλ϶ֵµĿԸóסġȽŹһҹ˯ʱ˺ųס
ǿֺһкֳҲЩƣˡǿϴ˸裬Ȼ׼ط˯ֻǣԸˡ
ȥ̸̸ЦŶֳ
á
ֳ֪Ϊʲôģֻû뵽ô죬ܴܶ󰡡Ҳ⣬ĩǿɥʬ˭ȱȫУȻ˵ܱޱǿܣ϶Ҫ׷ģ
ֳҲ̲ס
û˯˴˸кȺ˱ڱſվ󣬽ûصĵƹ⣬Ը˳ܣʲôӵģ
ƽ˵ֻиŵӡԶԿʵڡ
ֳ֪ҪԸռԼСӣıҪġܣαɿڸƶҹɫڻԸվķֳٶԽԽ졢ӰҲԽԽƮ񶼸ϵĴ
ٶȣɥʬˣ
ȻȵĻֹڴˡչܴʵһӣ˫֡ʳ˻ǽӣըʲôķ׷׳֪֡ЩֲԸղ𾪺ͳõĳĬ
ܴӮ׵ɥʬ𣿡һᣬ̽һ䡣
ֳ˵ͷƽĵɱҲֹһֻ֪ӵеһװ˶εĻ֣ҵˮƽǵڶϣҲмĿֲʦҲ˵㹻ռ䣡
ôܣҪʲôۣ
ԸյЩβסΣҲϲܵڱңֲǹ֧ҩô˵˾ˣ
϶֪ƺ
ֳĿһۣͨһĴۣҿӣٶȴ¾һšӵˣӵиͬܡ
Ŷ
Ը˼ûӻֳ֪ġ
ҼȻܸӣȻҲʱȡһʧȥӣ֮ǰʲôزһ˲ʧ±ͨˣ
⻰ʱԸյ۾һ£ܻ֪⻰Ǽ٣ԼĸоʹֳжӦʵڵġĻǻܵǾζҪֳô
ܲǾԵգõʱʧҲ㹻ˡ
ڴˣԸղ΢Щԥ


156 Ҫ쵼
ôڵһȡӣ
ֳÿҲ֪Ըԥ˳
⵹ǣҶΪ˻ĵģֻǡԸ룬ɵʵȻҪһĴۣǵõҲѵİɣ
ǴˣӦ׵ġ
˵ôһֳŶһٶˣҶʱӦò뿪ȻˣĸҪиغͷֹͷУ֧ҲҪһʱ쵼ʲôֻЩҪȥλýˣʱǳˣռ
Ըյ˵ͷʾ⣬ʳһ⣺ǮǲҲõܣ
ǣֻǮҲˡûʲôģֳܸɴĸȻֵǲĻҲԻȥٿһҹ
ˣ
Ըյͷ˼һᣬö⣺ʵ˵ʵûʲôҰģ޷ǾĩȥѡȻЩɥʬƣһڲϽֻƾҸоӦȻܣսʤɥʬûܡʹΪ֮һЩʲôҲȻֻиŻջ񣬲𣿡
ˣ
ˣ
Ըռᶨĵõܣ͸»죬ûʲôԵģ㾡ܷģӽ쿪ʼûԸһֳֻΪϴ󣡶ҴǼҶҲһֱģȻǰ֪ĴӺζ֪ˣԭܣ
˵ĩúһҪסֵȡԸյ۹һֱҲʶʱֳĴѾܴˡʱȲϹٷɾͳղչֵܺδǱľ
Ա߱ĵƹ⣬ֳ˿Ըյ飬ĵ֮ǰϵһֱҸĻҪ
ֵܣŶӦϴģﲻ⣬ôôûˣԸմֳĻɵŵ
ҲʲôϴˣűŤֵܾУҪӳҲԣ
ãԸӦĿڣȻֵҲһ
ֳһ㶣ʵʲô
ģȻͶ㣬ǸҵļֵܣƽҲ㡣жӣøÿ˶һݡҵΨһҪҲǵߣһΣԸյ̬൱ǿӲ⵹Լı·
ֳȻ㽫ԸԼȻҲļһá
ֻҪҲԱ֤ÿ˶һݣֳ漴Լĳŵֵҵܣ͵ҵĴҪȥҪ۵ġҶ㵱Ȼģ˷ĵĻ
㶯֣Ըǣ
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֮ǰµģһֱԸռ϶ֳ˳
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һ仰˵ͼҵ˼ǣǿѡȻ÷乤Эҡ
˵ϣٱҲˣԭҪѡ쵼
£󲿷ֵĹʵνġѾϰԼ淢ʩԣֳں󣬳˼ƽɢ˵ˣ׷ԼĿĿֵ֧ˡ
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Ƽһ²Ҿܵ٣
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157 
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ҪĿܻ˳ӵ֯ߣֳǮϡϾʶ˶࣬ȻҴѡʱȿԼʶˡ
⣬Ǯ񡢸ڤһлƿڵҲһЩֵ֧ˡ
ڤǵһμ棬ǸƿڣֳʶҲԤõˣҾαֳһǸξ˵ίеʱ߹ʺˣűεġ
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ΪϣΪʼֵƷչ
ʱˣǮһվ˳ʾҪֳ
̬ʵϣΪǮһֱǸֳһ𣬱ͰֳĶԱˡһλߵԸֳ̬֧ͬʱ˾ͶЩˣ
ҶֳŵùУ
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۳ӵδչҲǶԲߵλһϿɡ
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֮󣬳ֳԸǵŬѸ档
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ûȻƿǻתƵ·ϴȵҽҵֳ
ҲһҽСɣҲܷԼس


158 
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ֳ˿ŵϷôͻȻ飺˭ҪǲֱȥˣûҪרųôСɣ
ȿȣģҴӻ뿪ʱʲôûԵġȵĶǳӸġ˵ϷЩ죬ЦѰ˼Ҳô׳ԣ뷢һȡʹˣһҽһʲô󲡼֢ҪһǲɵġôС飬Ҳ˳ѧͽ
鵹Ǵֳ
룬׼ӦȻһ⣺ҽְҵȻáн̲ġҽеʲô𣿡
ǸϷϸˣ࿵ĵʲôûС
ֳεĿһһۣĳϺôвٳҩءƵҽãʱʲôҲʵﵱоԱ̫ˣ
ðɣȻͷɽʱһᰲǰЩҪĶ⣬Ժ󳵶ԻõҩҲ㱣ܣôҪҲǲԣֻʱֻиӣĵÿԼ
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ÿЩõеҩиӸҾС
ԸһϷĵĻȥˡֻǻûСʱżųı˹ǰŶҪҩϵǸе
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ŶӳǾûǸɣϷȻΪ˴µ˵㣬Ҳɵϡֳı飬һĥˣʵ˵Ȼרҵе裬ڽغҲһֱרоɥʬ֪ԼȷûǸµġ
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ôһ˵ֳ￪ʼ뿴ǷݱɱĶ

Ϸøֳ˵һҲûʲôãҸ׻֧֣ǱͬˡӺԼס﷭һġޱϸɥʬ棡
ֳӹһûװֽţⷭ˷ĵ

ϷֳЩĶЩģϽǻĽڹɥʬоɹϧ֪ΪʲôʵҰʱݱȴɢڵϡߵʱѾ˸ӡɣҿˣǱԼˡ
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ƾܿ磿
ֳЩɣĴﵽȣڵ̨㲥ˣĻᵽڻһ䡰ԾڿУ԰ꡱ֮Ļش
ģݱǲųģ붼δȣ
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ֳҡҡͷʾûסΪʲôСΧõ磿оУѲֻСΧֻߣֻԲɥʬĲЧ
ôͰɡϷ룬ٸʵУɥʬȡĲͶɥʬĲͬʱȾһֻ»ʲô
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ֳԼЩˣһᣬʵôأ
Ϸҡҡͷ˵һ㣬֮רǳٳò޷ƽɥʬؼһǣǱڲϵı졣оû죬ͶԭĲʧȥЧˡԣǾĳһֻɥʬȻ󱣴һ־⴦ѹԵ˱ɥʬȾǾñɥʬٴθȾ
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ϷֳɫЦԣ취ֻԱ׺ͶɥʬȾĶЧңΪɥʬȫʱֻҪʮӣǵʱ䲻ࡣɥʬɵͽײҪӵʱ䣬緢ҲҪӡһʱԲϣ˻ǻ޷ǾǱȾϵɥʬ״βͬˣ


159 ǿ
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ʩһ˵ֳʱԼܺӡĵߡļǵãֵ߽ǿÿֻʹһεƷһ۸Ϊ50ңܰһͨ˵ʱһǿ׳˵ˮƽӵܵ˵ͱȽϼˡʱû̫ôںȻ֣ǸеŮǿ壡
ϾɥʬӤĳֻΪɵ
ܻȷǲĿУֳãȷһֵóԵİ취Ͼһǿ50ңڵֳ˵ȫ
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漰ӵ⣬ʩҲȻڻû뷨պǰҲԼϲһӵġ
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ǻرǰʱҩרиģпʺǳѵãҲǺòݲŵõƿϣܰǣ


160 ָĳ
ҩ𣿡
ֳĻǸŮȻһϣŵĿֳõһ϶Ĵ𰸡
ܲܰ˳ҲΪֻüûгɹӾͱˡһԿ϶Ǿȷǿ˵ʺǳ󡣿ǵǵһãƿǿ͸ˡ
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ڻǿЧֳҲĿԴɻ̥ʮǼõģ֪ܺ̾յĽҲֻܹԹԵĵȴӰصĹɥʬӤڻ߸ºͳˡҲ˵ֳҪٵĸµʱ䣡
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ֻǣǻʱ򣬿ש϶˼ƼݵŮӡ
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ҵĻӭüһ·ϵµŮЩܳ
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ĩҴһֱռ֮ǰ档ɥʬв£Ϊ޿ɺǣΪ˿ڴԵʣʣʿҴ֧źܳһʱ䡣ҵʻѾռ⣬ʣµҪôõ̫ñˣҪôǸдɥʬðˡؼһǣ⿿֮ǰɽգ
һ죬ǽҲҲκοɳԵģ
һжãֳ֪һֱ޷ָĻ굽꣬Щû˹Ȼŵʶỵ
бҪʲô
뵽ֳʱġھʲôֳ룬ûôӳ֡ϾʳΪ죬ҴҲóԱ˲ܻȥ
ʮһ·ݣѾˣֲʳǸϲˡǿԳһչҲ
⵹Ǹ⣡
ĩʮڣŵ߲˺ܿ춼õôЩֳһֱǿԻȡͷ׷֮ĳģ״ŵ˿ûˡʳṹȻܲкܴĺ׵ЩѪ֢֮ļʳδ̫ˣڳе˶ˣ
ԼЩ߲ˣǼֲʳϵѹܺĵʳ䣬˵һã
һǣֲ߲˵Ч죡


161 ӹ˾
죬ζŷոͣ
˵ڲʳʱ򣬾֣˭ҲȷǾһֱȥһȥþתˣǴҿҪһϾׯڲǰջûеģ߲˾Ͳͬˣ˵ǳҶܳԡ
Ҳˣ
ֳԽ취ԽãǺܿ⡣
ھȥ֮ǰһǮԸǵϾԼһ©ȺȺõİ취
ϣ˶Ҳ޳ɡ
չϲ𣿲뷨ֻҪЩ߲ӣȻŪЩʵ͸ϲˡ˹ˣĹģ͵ñȽϴСĻҪůĲɻԼһЩ֧żܡǮƺǶЩ˽⣬Ȼ˵ģ
֮£ԸյĻͼ򵥶ˣЩͷˣһżζ£Ū߲˳ԣǾ˫޳ɣ
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ײˡܲʲôģҾöУ
ʲôƹϡˡ֮ġ
ȺԼĿֳҲûʲôصļ⣬Ǳͬˡһﳤˣôֲܻء
ʱֳŸоʲô˲ţ˵ֻж߿ƼĲŽ˲ţؼʱ̣æĶб¡ڣϣֹ˵Ĳũðæչ߲
飬ӾڿеĵطҲڣлֲ˵Ŀұˣֵĺ˶轱
ֳϢһʱڶҴ
찡ڿԲÿзˣ
棡ҳԹͷԵͶˣͷθ
ģǲ˰ײ˻ǱʲôֻҪɫģڶܳһ裡
ϴ֮꣡ǰڻضû˹ܣҲҪ߲ܳˣ
һȺ˷ܵδĲ龰ʱʿˮֳǮͷ۵ǣһֱڣҲû˭վ˵Լֲˣ
棬Ȼûһ֪ⷽʶģ
ֻԼˣ
ֳе⵽鵽ʱ仰ӣٴɽʱ򣬻ȥһͼݣ취һЩֲ߲˵鼮⿿ԼҲǲУʲôʱˮʩʣڵ¶ȿڶ٣Щ⣡
ղõĻ߲˵ջͻӰ죬ҲNѧʵģ
ڱＷһҹֳڶ𴲡ʱɽϴҲû£ǾԴɽɥʬĻ˳㻹ɱռ꾧
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Ϣȥһ˶ʾҪӻԾμӡһ̶ʾֳڳ𽥽š߸˵߲˶θǿ
ڸԼйصĵطκҴ߶ǲẬġ
ΪʡӡϲʲôĶôռطֳûд̫ˡһ֧ܹ˸˵ĳɽˣ㡢ƽ档УƽԸԭһӵˣ֮£Ǽϲʵսиһʵ
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ѡ˾ɽһСǺֳĳˡȻ󣬵е˿ɱȻƿǶ˺üûƿЩԹ
߲ջʱһҪԵ㣡
ɽ߸Сʱֳɽ̫ԶСسǡ
Ϊ˿ڲ࣬ҲܼسڵΣղΨһҪעľɥʬֳʱûȫ¶Լܵ뷨ܶ㿪ĻǾ㿪ңڵʵȻһ߰ųֲӡҲԶԸֻϵɥʬģ
콡ӹ˾ڳϻ·ϡסҺ٣Ӧò󡣡
һ߰ŪݮֻһͨGOOGLEӵͼֳָ·ⲿ֮ǰõֻǴӱҵģֲûϤεȱݣǰǵĴæ
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ҲǣҶǳʳȥģٲҲ·ճƷ˭еûӹ˾
Ҳֳ˸ȫĵطסһʱ䣬Żһ߲⣡
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ֳһԽĴ󺰣ϴɥʬ׵ģ
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Ǽϵģôһֻɥʬ
ֳϳȥʱÿڷĿ𡣶治ʮ⣬һֻѾȫεĹӵǰ塣渲˺ƬȻ첲еȲɥʬֻ첲Ӳֿ⣬ǰŶƵЧ
ǹǹӵϣ˺
ϴ󣬾һ
ֳ㳤һԼϴȻܻɱɥʬɵȻҲ⣡
ֳϳ˫ֻ֣һͺ䡣ûʲôЧϵĶӣըԼĿǰǿֶΣһֱģԷóɥʬըοͬ׵ɥʬ
Ȼһ鷳


162 ̫ҫߺͻԾ
Ϊֻʮףֳӳӣը׼ȷĵִɥʬߡ
ȻֻķӦܿ죬Ƕĵڶֱ˲£ǰըֳȵķ֣ǼӲĿ˫˾󲿷ֵĳôһӣըʵʸɵ˺ȶԸɥʬߵȥ
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ӣըըʱǿһƣټͦǹͲǹȻһκ֫ˮϴɫĻֻۡ·𱻼ŭƵģֽһٶȳ
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룬üûܵͨҴ߶ҡˣ
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һҴ߷ͷע⣬ֳͿԳûӣըըıˣ
ңΪ˸ģֳûˣǰһ
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ֳı֣Ҵԥһ£ҧʵҲ֪ǿɥʬĽʱֻֿƵĻᣡ
ֵҵǣֻɥʬ𹥻ʱ򣬸ɥʬǡñ˸ɾСǵĸΧɥʬܶȲ󣬶Զɥʬûüϵûбɥʬţǰ˿ԷĵİѻȫкһϡһΣܼӵֳμֱ𹥻ɥʬ
ȻƬԳֵӵ˺ǹ಻ϵʱɥʬЩܲסˣ
ݵֳӣըըˡŭ֮£ֻɥʬĵһԵ۾ȻķɿӳȻԳֱ۵ĳ͵س˽׵ĵز˾ȵע£ֻѼӳֱˮһ塢һȻصˮ飡
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ִ⿿ը˺˵ըǶԸɥʬõģ

ôһᣬԶɥʬʼ𽥽ӽвһЩɥʬ
Գȥ㲻Եı¶ܣֳҲܹɱԶϹɥʬðɥʬǾͲðˡ
һֳʹ˸ɫһӣըܡ
ܵЩҲѾǳĶΣѾֳٻӣըʱͬʱҲųֲӡƬգۼĹֳ˫͸öСɵġסΪʱͬըһƬñըĵָӣ
ȻֻɥʬʵǷҲըıˣ
ֳһﻹͣһºгöӣը׽һ죡
ϧǣһﲢû𾧣ֳʧ
ϴ󣬾±Ǯ
ղһĻ֪ƽ⣬˶¶Ľ;̾ɫ
ΪĹڴ˵𷴵ԳӵĿǰھϻǸ˸ġγУĵĵҩҲԼеҴײö׵Եʡֳܵȴû˼ɣֻҪ㣬ôþôáȻ˵ҴĽѣͬʱҲԼ˸öӳ
ˣϽᶫȱɥʬʱֵ÷һֽţ
ֳĴߴٵǣ˽䱸ʣµĶʼϰ㶫װӺð죬ֱװʵĴװУЩʾͱȽϷˡʮӣǲæꡣ
ٶȳɣ
ﻹûǸɥʬܶȲСǣֳԾɲҴ⡣ϾͣҲһʱˣǻǹըģѾɥʬɧٲߵĻɥʬҪˣ
ĺУɵСﳤ뿪
ϣʧûӣһǧɥʬԶΧͷһֻɥʬɵԺӣֳѾʧӰ٣һ˸գ
ӦȥЩϲ֧żܺͲɻ֮İɣ
ֳ֪ҪȥЩҪΪũ϶Ҵ˵ġֻҪĴһ£ҵҪĶһ̣googleͼٴηá
ҵڶʱֳͷҪġ
һҳСṩ߲˵ֲ󻧣ӵҴԶڼⶼܿΪĩڰ·ݣϲɻʲôĶ߸ߵֳⷴǡ˼ʮֻεɥʬ󣬰ͬȳһ㽫Щõ͸ϲʵ֧żܺڶɻͳͳ˳
ЩռطĲɻʣ˺ֳֻܶ࣬Ų
ЩҲ㹻ˡֻҪֲ˺ֵλǿΪӵṩһĲˣ
ۿɫҲѲ磬ֳǿܿض飡
뵽ܿĩʵ߲ˣ˵鶼ܲ˸ǴյΪĹ㲥
ʡأ岥һ׶תϢ죬̫˻Ծڣпܱģ̫籩ҫߡ˴λ΢Ӱͨź͹㲥Ҵ׼
Ϊͦ󣬳ϵ˸ŶԽҲ
֮ǰصĹ㲥һֱڲӦɥʬ£Ϣ޷ǾʤŬһ¾ܷ֮ġԴˣһٵľЩ׺Ͷ졣岥Ϣһʱ˵ע⣡
˭Ա˳ŵģĩﻹ˼ģ
⻹˵϶زдѧ£ǿǼʮأĸɥʬɥʬҪԼǧˣ
һ׶Ļڰҵǰûϧ
̫ҫߣʲôܳ𣿡
һȺ۷׷ףȴûôϡϾǿ̫ʵеԶϵĸоʵľ붼ˣֳȴЩˣΪĩһжĩɥʬΪءرش󣬸ظܲʡѵ̫ҪĻҪǿң
˰·ֳ˻Щ͵Դȥ
£ѾܹҵġȻˣҲ棬˵ֻ׶вһ㲥أ


163 ͨѶж
ൽ賿ʱֳ֣ҹɽ
ΪɽûôɥʬҲ¸ҹ·޷Ǿɽ·ʱٶȷࡣյִɽʱҴ߿ֳǿֿϵ߲ӺͻʣɴĻ
Ժ߲˳ˣ
꣡
Щ˲Ѿ˯ŵˣٲ˱Թɵ֪ɽȥŪ߲ӵĶӳأ˷ܵĸĿڣʮ·ܳӭӡӳϰĸ߲ӡϲɻʲôģϲ¶ĵϲã
Ϊһеߣֳоĺܲ
ֳ֪أͬѾ˯ŵʩҲϲĴӴѯһæŸֳҹˡ
һӴҹʱ䣬ֳҲЩƣȵڶһʱѾʮˡɽˣҴ߻϶Ѿ𴲡޽ݵġ޽µģһ󹤵أ
ԸպǮҲæţܶѡʺֲ˵ĵַ
ΪӺϲ㹻࣬ɽ̨ԵЩǴ֮ǰֻһ뷨תĳģСĶ
ܵ˵ЩϲﶼҪѡڱĵطԱ֤ůݲֵĲͬжٻ˾һ߷һѡطæǲֺû¸ɵҴҲԱָָ㣬ԼĿ
Ժ󻹵ر⣬мũͲũ
˿Щ׵Уֳﲻ뷨
һȦֳԼ׼˵ͺȻһ߳һߴһ㳦ʱԭƽȵͻȻǱģ̶ʮͱֻʣĵ粨ˣ
ѵûˣ
ֳɻĿ˿ܳ㡣룬ֻ˼Ƶǫ̂޷յκεĹ㲥
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һ̣ڿ͵̨Ҳ˲ԾӲ΢궯
Ӧ̫籩ҫߣ
΢һֳܿ뵽Ĺ㲥Ϊ֤ԼĲ²⣬ܵʿϣ̨ʵĵ̨ɽûʲôͬʲôҲղˣǶԽ֮ԶһЩҲָź
ӣͨˣ
һֳ̣֪ڵɽĻغҴҲ̫ܵ籩ǵһʱֹͣת֮ǰҲֻǶ϶Ĺôáҫ߱£ȫ綼ʧȥͨŵ
һЩС˵ƺҲûʲôϾб緽ʽɶԽĴ˵쳯ͳ˴⣡
ֱӵһǣȫʧȥ˸طصϵ
˽ⶼûˣ̸ʲôƿأ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ⳡԤϵ̫ϮȴܹƿصġǷŵĩ֮ǰѸٷ䱸õǡڣֻܹԹԵĽ̫籩ûֹ֮ͣǰǻҲʲôġȻȥһžͱһţ
֪һɽϵİҴͬ硣
֮ǰȻ̵ɽԽϢﲢµɶ̶̼ڣһжͬˡͨĩǲָˣж̲Ĺ㲥Ҳ֪ʲôʱָܻһ̣Ƿ·Ƭֻǳˣ
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ëǣҪĹ㲥
ǳҴǵϧǣƲûгεķչԽԽˣ
һʱ䣬ʲôźҲղ漴磬ָ޽ֳȻоͷϵ̫͵һ϶ʱһȵĸо
˺ī۲죬е̫һĻ
Ȼи߼ҫ߱ˣ
ڳ̫Ϯ˵ҫζ̫쳣ԾĻʼƽɾôһγʮӵʢ硱ȴ˾޴ʧ͵ش˲˾ҵı仯һЩŵĵֱջ٣ҴͨѶٶش
⣬̫Ϯ֮ǰֳæŽӦԶвɴ¶ȾͿʼ𽥻ˣøë²õҴǲòһ̣ڻҴ߸׶ԲҪĴ
ҵʵȻò˳
ӵܵĿֲʦ˵ͻȻĳҫȴһĻᣡ
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ÿٶȣ
ڳǮ͸ܵǹɲӿɴΪ˷ܡ
ʵԽϵ͵ŮҲ˲ϱɹڵвȫµܾ磡
ͻƾģԸЩʵϵ͵ģֳΪмֲʦֳյҲࡣҫ߳һʱڵȫµڵ㣡ɫĹâһŵƽʱ˵ע⡣⼫ʢ漸Ϳˣ
мֲʦΣ
ӵͬʱһΣõȫֲǴ繽
ϿС繽ֻһ֮ȴм𡣾ܶҹսֲС繽ʤڼϣЧͦһ㡣繽Ͳͬˣĵֻ㶹ԵһЩȴ䷶ΧԵĶЧĸʴ߼ɥʬĻף
ȻɥʬҲܱͨӵƷˣ
ı˪㶹ֲ֣ɥʬսѴ
ܽú˵Ҳ˵Ľ⡣һҫߣӵܵĿֲʦ˵ȷһĻᣡʩ滹ǮޱֻǮ㡢ƽԸգÿ˶һܵȼߵǮ񣬴˿Ѿǳֲʦˣٶȣֳɿ̫࣡
ȻˣŽҪԽԽ࣬ٶȿ϶𽥻ָ
֪У̫ҫ߱Ҳ𽥻ָ
ͨ˵϶Ǽ¡ɶֳ˵ȴδĸо˸ղĸоͨٶȣַδ̫ǿһЩ
Ҫÿ춼ɹôһͺˡ
һԸǣһּʵĸо
⻰Ȼ⵽˵ıӣ뷨Ҫÿ춼ôҫߣƵûʲôﻹܻȥˣ
ԸҲԼɵˣٺЦҲôһ˵
˵ЦУõ˷˱ҴȻֳǶҫ߳ȥ⣬ͬʱԳӵļͷҲұʾʲôʣֻ˽²⡣Ȼǲ²ġ


164 ھ
̫ϮҫߵĽ־ΪͨųжϡĩǰһȱΪ壬Ȼ˵ľȴԶˡ
¼ʱڶɽĳ첻ʲôӰ졣
ֳָ£ҫ¼Ҵæµܿ죬Ҵס޵ƽһһɣǧƽ׵ҲҲһ޽ֻװ֧żܺϲ֮Ǿʽʼֲˡ
⼸˳ӰϣĲ˶ޱȹעʮֵı
Сĵ㣬˭ϲŪˣҾͷʱһܲܳԲˣһЩҴֽçײһЩǮϽ۵ĺֹ
˵ûôƺðɣ
ҴȻԹһ䣬ж仹ǺԾķ˶
æСʱﶼһ͸Ⱥܸߵϲǵı߽ǱҴСĵשͷѹãֻڱһ࿪˸˽СšһЩҴ߿ʼòɻϧǣɻʱֻסһġ
⵹ʲô⣬ͷûƿȥһ˾ͺˡ
ƽӡˮʩ֮ľ岽ˡ
Ծֲˣֳ˽⣬Ҳùʡܸɴһѷƹ񣬾Ĳ趼Ǯල
ֳίκǮ񲻵òũҹټоֲ̲ġ֮£ҲԼЩĵá֮һֱвɻҹ䱣ůǸϲȳһƬ⡣óӵڶҴǷ֣Լ߲˵֮
ȻûΧŲתתȥð⡢̿ˮҲԽԽࡣ
˵ǶǳԻЩԵһʳҵθʵڶסˡ
ȻٲȻѾЩũ緶ǮȺܲ⡣Ѳһ°͵¶ȹˮַϳĻӦûܷѿĸһЩ
ˮ֣ϣ
һˮˮⲻЩӺȵˮҲǴǿڻġĿǰǿˮˮԴĺܣٹӦҲ⡣ڷϣֳǿ˴뿨ٴʮЩӦҲ㹻ˣ
ô˵ǲ¶Ȳˣֳܿ췢֢ڡ
Ǯ˵ͷǵҲﱾûܼȵ豸ֻͲɻıůЧٻǲЩ
Ҳûʲô취
ɽµĲﴦֳע⵽ǵĴüȹܡů֮ĵ豸֤¶ȡɱ̫ܸպֻãͷ̫֮ͣͶͲȡĩϱ٣˭Ҳðֵط
ͳİ취һܷ¯ţȻľġú֮ļȣӦҲԡ
Ǯ鵹ǿУͬûúǵɽ
ֳ˵ͷðɣɳɽҶģôƵĳɽ᲻ɥʬλϷ֪ͨ˵ɥʬǸӵеĶشųжϵģۼԽ࣬ųӰҲԽиʮɥʬǡñɽԵָܾ쵽ˣ
ǻʵλĽеһ²⣬Ȼû֤֤ȴԽһΪʲôɥʬܴӼٹһ·׷ϷĽ࣬ġ
˵ĳӶɥʬȻСǳɽˣ˵Ҳ⣡
ôȡһΰѶȫ˻ɡúɻʳΡҩʲôģͷһ嵥
ðɡ
һϵļ˼󣬵ڶ죬ӳʮɽʼһģռǮĿںǣ껹нµʱ䡣ȡ֮ǰӿԲɽ
һΣԸԴӣȥʮˣ
ֵıһ˽һˣʱԵࡣͬʱʣµĴ󲿷˻ڼƽͷ£סֻ߸ֳҲеɳϣ򿪼ͥӰԺŵӰˡ
ĩ֮һֱɱɥʬڲͬŵ㱼ôСһϾͻܶ¡ֳǰŵĺƬȻܴ̼ܾգƫƫЩζ
ʩԱٸоԼ˵̬һֵã
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ֳǸʱƺҲͦû˼ġȻʩ⡣Ҳһ쵽ǸߵŮһ
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ڣֳԳɽǰ·仰żҲǿԽܵġȻ֪øôɼҲϾ˻ֲһҪΪʲôĿ꣬Ҳһ֣
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żǰǮһŹ֣³ֱֳ˲òϵĺ͵£һ·Ͽ˭ˣ
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Ǯôһᣬֳһ£Լ˸²⡣ò᣿δҲ̫˵㣡
λ壡Ǯֳ֪ѾˣһĴȵ˼ڿĺܣ˵Ҳһʮˡ⣬ֳʮһһ֪Ūʽװ׳

Ѿ׼ɴǮȷϢЩ㵺⡣
ʱλֳ;һˡĩôΣգɥʬִɱôú˭뵽ټ
˵ֳԼߵ˻еرǣƽؼˣʩʱ˳־ȵãֱºҲˣƽƼˮ嶼ټ棬⻹ǡ
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У
ǮšȪˮһҿǸӣƺҲǴĸƵмӳġ֪ôģȻһɽžھֻɽͷԶһϣϸ룬ʮﶼ
ô
ֳһȻ˼
ԼܵĻϵʵԱȣλʵƺĳҪǿһңλ忴ȥҲҰĵˡһ뵽ʮͶôһҴߣֳһʱ䲻֪Ǹø˻Ǹ
ʧȥ˷ɺ͹ұĩҴǵļɲȫѺβģ
ԼҪּǿһ³ӵرˣ


165 Űݷ
ͬפɽϢȻ޷סܿ죬ԸաڤЩ߲ȵ֪ˡ
ʲôʮĵطһ֧ӣ
ֳȷϢԸǵıϲǲΰ롣ϲһܺ⣬ϾĩҴܱȿɥʬҪСǵһͬҲޣ˼ʵǿһٶ˻װ׳һʲô˼Ƕǿһв
Ǯޱ̾˿֪ϴƢôϣǸƽߡ
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ֳϣҡҡͷԼߵʩ֪ǵĶӳ˭ôƽǸ壡
ʲôʩһ
Ըһ㶣ʵôѵʶ
ֳ˵ͷƽһĻϸ˵˳
ֳóıֺԸҲ̲סЩġʱͿʼļ£ĩͷءڵ֪һ֧ԼʵѷĶ飬ܲģ
ӵرҪǿˣķҲҪץһԸոֳóһĽۡĻԽĿֳ˵ġӻ֮ı־һֱֳܲԴ˺⣡
ҪǿرȾҪϳӵװ;𣡡
һ㣬ֳЩԥ֪ǷҪǿСһôǿǷǺİ컵ˡ
ҪɡǮֳ˸⣺ǳһرȻװԾɳǹ֧ĹȨֻǹݽֻҪǲɽ뿪ͱǹ֧ҩݴڳرȻͳһַսԱȻǹʱȥرǩ־ûĻӦòô˰ɣ

ֳĥһᣬǮ͡
һ㣬ֻǽǹݽʱ䳤ˣڲķ̶ְǹҪȥɾˡңôһֱֳӰѳڵսֻҪرʱֳڳӵĵλĲɶҡˣֻƾһźһʱǴһ
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ֳ⣬ȻųԷʱܿ¹涨
Ȼڵֻ֪ʱ衱ǵǹ֧ʱҴǼû̫ķӦҲãǹ֧ͳһеرάǵİȫԣڼӴͷӦ£Ҵ½ǹ֧
һ֧֧ǹһӵֳﰵϲ
ϵͳͳƣ֧˵ĳӾȻػǹһͦǹͦһʽ;ʽǹԼװԶǹܼʮ֧⻹ʮǹǹǹƽһǹʣ࣡ڵҩǾ͸ˣӵ෢׺͵״ʮö⻹߼翸ʽһֳģһȴǸ֪Ҵ߸㵽ġ
ֳٲЩңԼﻹЩбµ˵ģ
ȻҲǳеľ𣬿϶в˽صġȻֻЩҲ㹻ˣ
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˾ȨֳܿԳһθ˻ֳȷķֹ
һֻҪиԵĻɣ˭Ҳû͵ٴȻԹ˻ֵ֧ģƺҵһĩǰϰȶо
ӵڶ쿪ʼֹʽЧ
رרռһݺõƽʮСʱ˾䣬ҳӵһ档ÿ츺رӰȫսԱÿһ֧ǹһ֧ǹȻ䱸һٷӵųȥ䡢ڡ
ͷ鳤ЯһͦǹʣµǹػǹֱڱļƸߵϡ¥ػǹأռѵ硣ͨɥʬҪ壬߶
һӲȥ򣬶ҰȫҲǴˡ
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ʲôˣʲôģ
ΪԷʵǿڵսԱҲҴ⡣һͨԽʾһ߾͵ˡúõǹҲ׼õڶǹʱ³ӵ
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һʱ䲻ϵƸˡڸսԱķӦһѵĲǹǹأüͷ΢塣ʾ£һǹվ󺰵ҪᣬҲɽҴߡзﻹˣݻһ¡
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رһ߻شһѸٵİߵͨ˱
̫ѾԽԾɺӡ˵飬ر˲ʲô˼
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ԸսϢֳһ㶣ʱʶӦþ¡Ħһ¶Էͼδֳùȥ˵ǵмˣһȥ
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һĸڴļ΢΢Щͷǰ˲ǣҲֻùԹԵͣš̲סСֹʱǿһȺ˺ƺƵı˱Щͬȫװһ㲻ǲ
壡
ֳһ۾ʹӰпǸͷˣƽλʮͷߣ
ʱҲ˱ʮսԱмֳϸһۣͬЩȡ֮ǰǮʱ͵ֳ֪˶ɽҲ齨һ֧ӡֱڼ棬ŷֳƺ
չǰʵɾʮ֧Զǹˣмͦǹ
оӸµƣټô͵ĻǲСӡ
뵽¹˺Ͱı飬ǰֵܣþò


166 ʱԼ
þòϴθֱû뵽һ컹
һֳҲŹؼ˷ܺͿġмģֵȶˡ
ȷɣ
̾ʮоųģɽʱǮ;˼ˡͬĵ˵ͷֿ˿ֳߵЩսԱ˵ðһ֧λܸߵӡ
ֳһۣʱѡΪӵĶӳɣ϶Ȳģ
ﻰҿ㳵ӵ˶ǿҵ±Ҳǲ£ȻǶӳǾͺðˣƾǵĽ飬㲻ǽȥ԰գߵ¶һ䣬˶ʱȫǹΪ˱ʾ⣬Ҳصˡ
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ԸպսԱ󼸲ĸǣǹԾĶе߰ˡȻҶǲԼĵֳʲôС޴ԭʼձž衣
ҲǳرԸաǮǳ̺Ľŵ֮ǰսԱ϶ûôרҵ
ٶҲԽˡ
һ·˺˼䣬ܿ˱⡣ĺǽѾֳ֧ӵ˲ԼĴڡȵע⵽ϷǸεػǹʱܸɴĳ״ԭеһ㲻̫Ѻõ뷨
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һ£ֳͬĺҪ󡣷ֻǿͷӦԼֲ⡣˾˽˴˶вķΧڣ϶ҪǴҶù

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֮ǰ仰ֳͬ⣬ǾԵ
һԵܾùֵֹģ尡
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ȻʱĻҲӭȥ
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ֳЩССĵ⡣
ϸ˰ѹסеĻȣͷû뵽ĩеط龰ܺãԺ߲˳ˣܲȸһЩȻǿʳȼʲôĻ


167 Ϯ
Ӧģˡ
Ȼǽֳ֧ӵǿϵģ
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ŻƿǵķأһδģռԲɡֳԣ£Աߵƽ޽ȿʼӿ죬ΪֹѾѸٴ˰˼䡣ֻǲ޺õЩһʱỹûסˣҪһӡ
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˶ȵǣĩôˣǼҸױԺȻĸҴߡӡһŮһ߰СֻһȫƼݣǸСӸǶƤͷһ㣡
һۿǣƿǶЩ̿ĸо
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пգȥһˡ֧Ѿ˿ͷϵЭ飬ֳԼбҪһ¶ǵ˽⡣Ժ󲻹ʲô£Ҳ׵Ķࡣ
ֳǵıλòͬһռݵǴڰɽϡ
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Ϊʲô֮ǰǲҲ̲˵ôǸֳĿҲûʲôرģʻܶࡣǰջᣬһ͵Ϯ£ǳӵһ̨ˡ
ĩҵĺܣҪ£ҪǾ͵սսȻʧҲһû
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С˽֮£ҹ˼ĸ嶯֡
ٲЩԼƣַܿų䲻Ϊǿͷ賿ʱС˰źһУԴʮ˳˱㡣
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ϧļȥʱŲŵķȻѹû˯ǴģվһͬȫװҴߡСϵǣЩձĸ
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Գһ䣬Сȴ޾֮ɫһ߽˷䣬ҴֵĶ档
Ķ۾һ£漴Цôˣ㻹˯ʲô
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С˴ҲͬӦԣȻǸʱܱϡ
˴ϤԷ˶֪ǹˣ
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㵽ɫ˿䣬ʻҲûء
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ҹܳӵ󲿷˶żȵľ裬ȴʼûٲˡڶ緹ʱҲԼ˾óӵԻ͡ʻװ׳˾Ҳۣܺ˳YYһǸм桢ƽʱȴǳСǡ֪Ϊʲôһ뷸ĳ嶯ڣԼܿϵˣ
õЭС˺ܿټ֡򵥵ͳǰĽ⣬Լжġ
һʮһж±жʮ˼룬ǹͦ
·Ļѩͦ񣬺ϣܴĸ࣡
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ӳ֮ǰƴԷս𣬽ôһĸʡ
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180 󳵶ӵս
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ΪƽʱֶԺܿڶлһСӳְλȻڳвʲôºôˣÿܵʳҲͨսԱһ
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ʮĴҲһ򿪣ԤõĻѣǰҫ硣ɽµ˳ʱһ˲϶ǿ̵۾ҲһС壬ԸģգҲȷʵã
ʮ⣬ҴҲ׷״·ر쵽ʽһ׼ڽҪͷ֧Ԯ
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ǹԼˣ
һкţһ߾ºȻӹµӣȥţҹͱ߸𣬿϶ǲµġ
ķ̶ȣ˶ţˣҲвǣ


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ףһ˵ôݵǸز˵Ҫɱֱ練ƣµִܸвɥģ


182 Ʋ
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ֳԸһ䣬ǰ׼Ὺ̮ש顣ʱȵķַĵĻѩһЩĽӡ֪ʲôµġ
һϽСģȺ󳷣
ôˣԸȻף˺˼
ֳԸֲʦôСģܱӵ
ֳ˲г˫֣ڵϿӡˣ⵺Ͽܻʲôɥʬ
ģԸҲһʱ˾衣
ֻܱʾɣܰɣ⵺ʲôûûҲûèҾһˣ᲻ʲôɥʬɹǡצӡ
ɥʬ񣿡
ֳ룬õҲûܡɥʬӦûôצӡɣڻɵʱһֱû̮ӺȻҡһ£שϡﻩĻѩҲ䵽ϡ
ȫһһߺˡһԴ
𾪵ע£һֻޱ˶ɥʬ̮˳۾Ѫɫβͷ·һߡԶԶĿȥĸͷԱȵСһŵĻ
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ô󣬸˵ѹһĴֳ˿ˮʵܱ㲻˵ϳûֻɥʬģ
ܱѾŵɫ԰ףԵǸŴһģ֪
˵ʲôˣ취ɵɣ
ֳҲ˲ϴȤܱˣָ̧ʳ˻˪㶹֡ǽȲͣ˳ԼǰһߡɫѾˣ繽޷ʹã϶ܸʴɥʬ׵Ĵ繽Ҳһٻ
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һ̣ԽǽҪ
ϧֳĿ£ǽĸ߶˲չһ׶࣬պýɥʬ档û뵽ɥʬûײιȥ˻ԴŷӦʼ㶹ӵĹʼץӼǽ
ֻɥʬķҲһĸأ
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ܿ죬͸ը˼ӡ
Ʋ֮£ֻצɿٵأ̼ڳһֳǳûֻɥʬȻһ̵ʧˡ˴չȥʱǲŷֵѱݺڳ˺üֻղվڵص棬ڿѸ굽˵ˣ
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еɵˣû뵽ڱɥʬ󻹱˲ǰıԡ
뵽֮ǰİҲڹֳԸղεĶһۣ׷ɱֻ뷨
ˣȥʯɡ
ֳԸ˵һȻڿ档Сֻ࣬ٴ͵ϮǱըˣֻɥʬȻʼû¶ͷ
ܿ죬ֳԸվҵҪĶ
һ߰ĴӣһСʯϧʱײ˷ݵԵʣʯжϳ飬ֳһһС֡˿ֳ̣ܹо̺ĳ
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ֳɵһȻȵ䵽˿ӵסǸһʯ̺Ȼ׵˿Ӷ
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ֻɥʬһȱĽ𾧣Ȼǵ˽һĲΣûɾͱֳԸոɵˡ
ˣҼﻹвʳأһϰɡ
ܱƺ뵽ʲôϽַȥһָ£ֳһۣһЩС׺̶ȹûпֶ顣


187 ֱը
СĵĽʯܱ֮ǰŵʳֺ˿
ܱΧʯͷҿĵҪҵʯ𣿿ȥƺð΢΢ĺ⣡
ܹɥʬĽ˵ʲôõķҲ˵Ϊİȫҽ㻹Ǳĺá
ԸյĻŵܱϽ˻·մȾֲĲ
ˣɡ
ֳܱԸղԼͬЦ˳Ȼʼ֡ߡڳһʯôָˣںˣԼ顣룬Ȼֳ˴ģǿֻķ֮һСԸա
˸طֳݲƽʯ
ܲǵһνӴӴֳо̾ΪȷʯǷ֮ǰǿһһ˿ܿͱڵգûκβ׵ĵط
£ֳ׷
˫ִʯϣʼȫȡǹӴͺñȱµĺˮͻȻҵйڣֳѸӿڣȻ󱻷ɿա֮ǰĺܿ챻˵ʵҲѸֳޱÿĸо
ջĲϼ٣ٵӿš
֮ǰľڣֳǰڵת졣ԴԴ𽥻ۣЩϵѹᴿ·ãַ·ֻӣֳֻڵܱǣɹͻ
мֲʦĶΣһֳ̣ĽɫâԽͬһʱ䣬ԱϥԸҲɫâȻҲǽһǿʯֳС̺ȴ١ܵȼͣͻʱҪҲԶֳԽҲԤ֮е¡
ʯӿ뻹ûͣ
հʯϴʱʯżĺɫâӰˡֳָֻо̺ԾɹٽһΣ
ͻưɣ
ֳһźһ߽ȡʯڰʯϵʯҲպȻ顣עҲֳڵܷڵһȫĳһף
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ܵ¶ڵ㣬ֳΪ˷ܡһϵĽɫâһ񣬽ɢ·ʯ鵯ֳŻվ򵥻һĹһ졣
ʱԸҲǽ˫ۣȻҪĹͷ
ֳߵһߣоԼ»õֲ
Ķεʱ򣬻õֲĹ̦޺
ֲûκιһͲƶէһȥƺûʲôãʵϣܳϵͷųζϢҲ˵һڱһȦĹ̦޺ɥʬ㹻ֻҪԶһЩоĴڣ
ǰʱͲڱɥʬΧˣ
ȻǵҹԣĹ̦޺ӹЧֻҹ䣬ĻԶء
ڵֳ˵Ĺ̦޺кܴȱݵġʵļպӦûһֽпȶֲҹֲڰҲʹáʱߴٽɾͰȫ࣡£ֻ˵ϾҹսɥʬĻֳǻǺܳġɥʬҹԷǣҲһ¡
ڽмֲʦʱֲһЧޱǿġֳӣըֲ
Ȼ󹽣
ĹЧֻһʱɥʬƣԼ£
ʹȻ󹽿ɥʬʱһɹʵġɥʬʵԽͣɹʾԽߡһνɥʬǿ϶һһ׼ǶɥʬĻҪˡңƳɹҲҪάֵģ
ȱݣЧȴʵʵڣ㹻ǿ
뿴ܹһֻɥʬΪԼսǸǺεȵ磿εȵ죿ɥʬսĿõģܸˣܷӳٷ֮ٵЧ
⣬ֳӵиֻɥʬսʱ
ΨһϧǣȻ޷ԻŵʹáǿãҲмĿöԷΪܲ˾񸺵ɰ׳աȻ⣬ֳΪΪˣ
뵽ֳһ
ô˵Լ˶ͥû
ʱԱߵԸҲվϲɫһ֪ջ񼫴󡣿ֳѾʯȲĵղζֱ࣬ӳֲʦ߶ˣϧͲһ㣬Ȼ˶ζпܣû뵽һʯҲ̺ôҪԺ¾ͺˣ
ϲ
ֳ֪Ҹ˷ԼϲãǺĵš˵ֳż˵һԼջ
мˣ
ֳ֪ջ϶󣬵õֳ׿ȷϣԸջЩĽĽȻ󹽵ĳ֣ܲܶãǿԵĻԺȥ椣ֱֻҪĵܣеŮ˳
˳˼һŮ˻ã˵ĻҲûɣֳһۣԶãʹõĿ³Ǳɰ׳գ

ԸմΪϧǵǻˣִݻۻģ
֪ɣֻܶɥʬãҲ㹻ǿˣ
Ըصĵ˵ͷǵȻܹɥʬ붼ò˼飡Ҿã±Щֲ̬ˡһٿֻɥʬΪսٺ٣ԺҲڻˣ

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ܱһʹŴ棬һߵտʼΪǴˣɳˮôܻаҲбըոհŷӦˮףˮװ
˵ʲô
ֳԸնסˣղŵըѵײˮģҪ군ˣ
ܱ˿ǱõŰظ𣿵ײѾˮڿʼбˣǾܸоˡתȡ쿿ģֻҪǽըڳĬǰص߻ûģ
ˮף
ֳ˲ϵǣܿʳ⡣
ܱƵĵʰ˭Ҳͷ֪ϾȻˮףҺˮ׵һ㣬ҺôһţȻСֵҪˣ
˵䣬ֻڲͣĽˮСʱֳѾԵĸоͧбˣҺҲڣʱѾԶԶĿˡ


188 ɳиԾӪ
뽭ʮ׵ʱбԽˡ
ﲻʱڵײˮ죬Ȼɥʬ˳Žˮȱ˽ŽˮļӾ磬ڿ쵽ߵʱǳˡ
þͧɡ
Ȼ밶ֻʮ׵ľ룬Ҳûһˮ˭ֻãڽ϶ɥʬڣһҧǾ̫ˣǿϧ˴ܱŪʳ
˷Ѱ
ܱе˾ͧ󣬼ֻɥʬʱĿ꣬ʼҧͧǵ£ͧò˼¾Ҫ군ڣ밶Ѿǳֳҡҡͷסܱȫͧҵһκܱ˰ߡ
ԸҲܣ
գ۵Ĺľͧ㱻ɥʬҧˮһıʧӰ١
εĿһۣԼˡôĳˮҲ֪һмˮףƫƫײˡҪȥˡѲɻҪ취½·Ϸ
ô죿
ܱ˿ǳ֣ɰϣĿͶߵˡ
ĽҰĺӱߣô죿ֳĴ˿취ɣȿ˵ӦҲиۿڲŶ԰ɣ
ܱ룬ͷȷʵ˳ŽߣӦɳиۡ϶ƹģĴֻǿȥң
Ǿôˣ
ϲԶй·ҪҵһܿĳʵסҪôûгԿףҪôѾҴ߳ɣٲ֮ǰļѩ±ˡ˲˺üҵһõıۣ
˼κԸճɹĽ۷
ˣϳɣ
Ըкһ䣬Լϵ˰ȫֳܱúһţٿĺֻѩɥʬϵѩſŲ׷ûɥʬֳֻǶ˫ɨһͨͽȫ
Ϊ·ãֳСʱŻĽӽ˾ݡ
GOOGLEͼϿҪǰɳиۣӦǰ·աֳһ߿ŵӵͼһͷҲ̧ĸԸ˵š
ðɡƺùˣ
ԸմӦһͻȻָĿˡֳһ㶣̧ͷ˿ŷǰ·ھȻ˶ˡ߽Ա߿˳Զ¥Ҳ˼ǹָǵˣ
ȻҴߣ
ֳԸնһۣЩȡ
ĳֹĳˣͺŸǹָ֧ǡͷǸʮĴ󺺣ϴһɫ޷൱׳
ʲô𣿡
Ըͣ³ƿΪʲô
󺺿Ըһۣϳ˳˵ǰԾӪصĵ̣˻ǱˡȻӪҲǲԣϽǹ֧͵ҩǿһ롣
ԾӪأ
ֳЩ֣ΪЩǾݹٷҴ߻ءû뵽ȻҴԼ齨ġû⵽ɥʬĽѵã
ԸҲһɻʵǾѵû𣿡
󺺺һмĵôûУǾǴġǰЩĴѩֲǲ֪ÿ춼ܶüʮˡֵҲû취ˣ취ġҲҿǷӦ죬˵ھݻѾüɥʬ춥סˣ
ԭˣ
ֳԸնʱȻѩʱ뿪ģӦòûá
ˣлض֪ǻ˰󺺺Ȼ뵽㣬Ŀ˿Ըգ˵ȻˣǸϽɡҪôƵҪôǵԾӪءҿǼͦ׳ʵӣǹӪӭˣ
ǲˣ
Ըվܾ飬Ȼʵôܴܲ£ǰɳиۻûб·
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Ըʵʵ˵ﲻиۿôȥܲ
Ҵ󺺵˵ͷȻܸɴĵҿǾͲȥˣɳи۾½ԾӪڡȻǲ룬ǲǹȥġңȥˣҲѴֻǣ
˵ţһ֣ϵ˷׷׶ǹмƲԾͿǹ˼
Ըһ㶣һֻǽѣۿڵĴֻӦúܶɣڶǹ
û뿪
󺺲ͷĻ˻֣Ȼûɿڡ
⡭
ԸյȻѾ߶ˣûмľ磬޷ȫǹеԴµˣԸղЩԥ˳Ҫ뿪ʵȴǸֳԲߡ
Ҫӳֱ֣ץǸһﵱʵˡ
Ҳʡµİ취
ټͷȻһϽ裬һռסطǽоֳҲЩ룬ͬԸյ顣
ڴ󺺺¾ȵע£ֳӳ
ι˵ûģҲһĿɲãϽߣΪֳҲ·ģǺĵ
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ͬҲûӦǹʶĸҪ𣬾ͱֳ۵ߡоָԼԴǹ󺺵͵һͷϿʼðˡ
мֲʦκֳٶȻһЩ
˶˵Զֺҿ̫ӭأһǹ˵ţֳɴİǹ˹˵⻹ǷɣʡĲС߻ˣ
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ֳЦЦôĲҪҪ벻뱣סԼС
󺺺һǿѹסĿ־壬ɫĵߣǹָסңΣˣҲҵ׼ˣܲģʶģȰ㻹ǸϽſңʡĲճ
ϻ
ֳһ䣬ǹԴѹһ¡⸱ںӣôЩԲ׼ˡ
ֵܣл˵ǹ
ֳԸʹ˸ɫȻȷ˵ԩ޳ȻûҪɱ㣬Բ֮ǰĴڳˮ׻ˣԣҪһ´ֻҪɳи۸ŪҾͲΪ㣡ȻС
Ҫ𣿡СĲ˲ͷϵĺΪѵĵҲӦɳиϴ˵㣬ڽеĴֻܸܲһҲұ֤
ʲôнеĴֻԸЩĲ졣
̾˿⻹˵ô϶Ǵֻ£ȻϴôСô
ɣ
ֳΪϹǺݺݸһϥײ˵ɳи۲ǾݵĴô㼸ǧҲпܵģôᴬֻ


189 ǿжᴬ
ģƭ㰡
󺺽ƺα֪ԽеֳЩˡ룬ʵϸ˵ɣֻȥˣ
ʱ򣬾һˣĴֻȫˡҴֿ뿪ˡǽʱʣµĴѾˡټϸ˲ص˿սʮüջˣʣµĴСͱɥʬ㷭ˣ
˲
ֳ֪ǾεһУ֮ǰ˳µʱ˲ǣ˲Ҳһٶ๫еҴôῪսأ뵽ԼԼȫװҴߣֳĻӦġ
ˣϴģȥɡأһģ
ȻʱҴ߻սЩֳ̾ô࣬ҲܲˡԣȻǰ˵˲㣬Ҹ˵ġ˵ʼʩֱӰǵϴʣ
⡭ðɡ
󺺸ԥһ£͸оͷϵǹִ˼֣Ͻͬˡһ뵽ֳղűֳٶȣûеֿ뷨ĺúõģһ㶼
˴·
ԸһֳЮŴԼĳ
һĻ󺺵ΣֻܹԹ԰Ὺס·ڵϰȻϳ鲻ԸĸֳǴ·
һ·ϣֳ״󺺵ĻϧһﵹͦģһЩ¹ӪصĻϢ˵֮£ֳѯǸ˲սǵõһЩõϢ
ԭⳡսԴһʡеĻͬʱɳǰͬһתվһ𡣽ƽδ˲ȶǳ֣һʳԺĳ޾ͽտʼֻʣͿʼˣԽԽ࡭
ڣеĻѾƳˮˡڴǴӾݻس˲صԾɿۣ˻ǻ
ֳϵˮף˲Ϊ˶ƾӪˮϵƿŵġ
Ҵ߼սֳǿȥҲʱ򲻴ֲСսСһҪµġǰ󺺵ĻζƵ˲صͷϣҲδؾȫš
ôһһ䣬𽥽ӽɳиͷ
ܺܶɥʬ𣬶ҾݻҲ˴󲿷ɥʬע⣬ɳиԾӪػһΧǽﻹһ˿ȴûˡȹһ֪ԭӪصΪ˷ֹɥʬ͵Ϯ󲿷ֶͷĴϡһΣյĻʱʻ볤
Ҳ˵ǰѴֻ˷ӣ
ѹЩ˻ẰŴֻ
½Ӱͦ磡󺺺·أΧڵ˷׷кǺܿ췢ּһ֮ǰδıۡ
ѵ¼Ӫصˣ
ôţԿԸմ˸кһ󺺵Ͼ͵³½Ĵ󺺱ٳֵʱ˵˳ĻʱӪһɧҡܿ죬ʮǹսԱ͸ǵĳ棬һֱִͷϵһСͼװǰ
ˣ
˵һȻֳЮ˳
ԸպܱҲ֮³ǹԱߡԷѾмʮԴֻܱԼȶеܿ뵽߻λǿĿֲʦԼͦ
ÿ
ֳһ䣬Ȼڼʮ֧ǹв治ɫ˹ȥԼܺģҲ϶ӪλòͣҲǸҲϧ۵Ľ޲𹥻
˭ô󵨣ҽֵܣ
ʱͨļװ߳ˡǰǸ͸½Ĵ󺺲࣬ҿȥмơһ92ʽǹΧе˶˸ԾӪصϴˡ
ֳһ£ǰ·˵أðֻҴѡλ˵Ҿʹˣ
ﻹô󵨣
Ǹϴɫһݺݵ˵һ䣬ͬʱ»˻֡Ǽƣвһжֳֵ˼
ǻˣ˵汻סˡֳע⵽ȻòƲ⣬ȴŽţͶңҲֻϵƣûи۶ģ
ͺðˣ
ֳΪֻ֮ǹŴ󺺣ĸӪϴӡ
һֵܣһɣ˵λֵܵﻹֵһֳ˵һ䣬ȻõĺԣȴޱЧͬĻͱ濪ǹˡӿʱ䣬Ȼ첲ߺߣ
ң
ֳвӪϴŭôµ棬治Ҿֻܾܵͷã㡣Ȱ˷ˣϽȥ׼
㵱ɵ𣿡ֳЦЦҪǷˣֱӿǹ˰ɣԣΪ˰ȫһǰһϵĺáȿһξ룬ٰ͵ߣȻǲģҲ˸ţ
а
ϵǣӪϴ룬ȻĴӦˡйߵһˣԸ˼䣬ȥˣԵȼӣܸܿڳ
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ĿԻǺܴģֳԼǱвˣҲô
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һֳûʲô⡣ǣŶӪϴЩ͵һ½մ󺺣Ȼ˹ȥװǰΣ˵ľ಻סֳ˵գ۵ĹΧҴǶûӦֳЮֵʾͻһ
ϴ󣡡
Ӧ˾Ҫǹ˵ϴǸϽͣ֡һûܼʱסһ¿۶˰ɺϵǣǹǡöֳǰӪϴӵǵ˹ȥ
ǹģ
ֳһ㶣ͷע⵽˱ûпǹͷģȻͻȻûס֣⿪ǹȻȥˣȥûֳ۾
Կһǣ׹λϴλҲôȣ
ӪȻϣ
ǵԼҪֳûβܣǶܡöӵۿžҪ䵽ϴؿǰȴķ·ײʲôεǽһ㡣󣬽ɫĹâһӵӯ䵽˼װذϣ˵һײ
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190 ṦС
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ֳ׷һ䣬вǣʵȴǴ˼ֻ˼˵ǰλӪϴѾ˼û뵽ֳôһҲ뵽ˡ
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һ뵽ղǷҪԼСӵһ󵨺ȵǣ˾Ȼӵǿɲͨġ书ԣԼûʲô³
ͷһʱû˼ֳԳֵ뷨ң֮ǰԸȥ飬ҲЩˡ
ıǣ׼ֳĴ϶ֽšƴŻٵһҴҲҪѸԵֳɵɼȻӵǴϵըҩǲһܸɵأº⵽˼ҵķ񱨸ԵһҴ뿪ˡֲʲôûҪðŷոԼһУ
ңղڲ¨ҲдŭѾãͷҪôˡ
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ʱɳȥСܷĸ˻
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ܱȷϴԿֳĵȻôϣҲΪ㡣
ֳɣӪϴϽλֵܷģ֮ǰ飬֪ôǴֻٽȱҲճ
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Ϊ࣬ӪϴҲӦĺʹ죬ֻЩ⣺ǲֻΪʲôҪ˷ݵģ
ֳЦЦָָݣǸĴԱ׼ģ
ʲôֳĻӪϴݺݳһʮĵֲ뿪Ӫأ׼ʲô
ֳɫ䣬ֻ˼ֵ뿪뿪˵˲㣡
ʱӪϴڷӦֳĴˡ飬˼һǶԼģҪԼʡƽʱôֿͬ⣬ԼӪظ˲صһӪڲ˾Ĳļһ϶뿪һˣ˵ԼϴӾҪˣ
ΧȫԼˣӪϴȴûоֵİȫУð˵ĺˣҸҶ췢ģԲڴϸʲôֽšʵֻ߲һῪĸвȵ˵طѴˣ
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飬ֳ϶Ӧ֪һ᲻ɸԼ˳۵˹ȻԼһʱùϡ뱣յĻֱӴλϴϴ
һĿסĵطҲ̫ԶҲ͹ˣ
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Ӫϴ˵䣬ȴֱֳӼݵ˴ϡڷܺѾǳ󣬵ּôһȫ⡣
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һĻԾӪ϶ڿġ
ɣʳˮֳܱԸһȻְολɫ׵Ӫϴ󣺡ô˭Ҳ֪浽װʲôڣǱյ㡣İɣԩ޳мָżٹԺټ涼ѡ˵طҾͷʱϵɣ
ʱ䣬˵ȷ㳤Ӫϴܾ˲Щ춯ײ뿪˿ѾҪ밶Ĵ֪Լٲ˵ʲôĻҪٳˣ
ҪŮһȥɣ
ԥһºںڣҿ϶Ҷʲôֽŵġֵæɣ벻
Ŷ⸱ӣֳЩˣʵģ
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ӪϴЦЦЦС͸Ŷ䣬ֱ򷭹
Ļ˵һ룬ʱȻֹӪϴʶԼǰλɲͨ˰˵ˣ֮ǰԼŮֺǿˣȻһܹӵĴڣҪ֣ıŮôܴù
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ǸСɵŮֳͼװϵԸնЩޡ
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СŮҲ书֣
ܴӪϴĻ֪㣬ֳԸնٶЩɡ
նʮͷŮƺоֳעӣĵһۣӧҴȥɣӪ߲
ĻӪϴٶԥ
ιιûǸʱǡֳ˿ɫߴһˡ
ȥŮ˵һ䣬ɵ˴ϣɣ˰֡
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ԼŮô˵ˣʮӪϴֻͬ⣬ҽһȥȥ͸Ͻλֵܣ˵ñʲô˼
ֳһۣ֪ǵԼǸƯŮֱӸˣǵ˵ͷһ̣ȥŮȻ˲ͽ˹Ҫǹ
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һ±Ӧ伫УȴֳٶȻ⡣һΣȻĶһȭԳԷӦٶץסŮԼǰһȷֳʱǰǹѾָԴϡ
Ůʱסˣ
Ӷӽл򡢿Գʦʱû׽סԼֱӷƵˡû뵽һԷǳķӦٶȺ׼ȷȣЩ
ֵܣǧǹֻһʱ嶯֣
Ӫϴû뵽ԼŮֱӾͳˣɴ󼱣Ͻֳ顣


191 ѷ
ֻҪϣܼˣ
˵ţֳӪϴ˻ֱ֣ܱ˴
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ڼʮҴ߳ǹĿǰһʻɳиۡ
ڵõӪϴڳۿڸҴһƵȺĻֿ˸ۿڡ
ʱֳŷǰƿεŮ
ߣŮ˿ŵͲԻһ壬ȻԤ׵ٴγֳ
ȭһ˿Ǳˣ³һҡ
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ֳһЦܣ׵ؽĹȻʽ;ֳһܣֳٶȡͷӦﵽһͨԶ޷ﵽļޡڲѾﵽʱĵزֳֻԼèʽ׵ѹס
ŮѾʮֵСģûУǱֳˤڵϡ
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ֻͬһİˣֳǲܵ¡ΪʲôӵܵԼȥºˡ
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ȷӽЩˡϧĶƫƫϴ㣡
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⻰ֳԸȫ
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ӳҪҪ׷ȥܱԶԶĴ˹
ᣡܶ͹Լֳ֪ܲʵԵɳи۵ЩҴߣԼǱ˶ѡȻˣҲûнȥһֵ뷨·ɵԷʮѾ㹻Ǻˣ
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ղŵġͬ顱ŮֳĵȥһЩȡ֮ȴǺ棡
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ֳ˵һ䣬ȴû뵽ò˶úǻĻټ档


192 Cҩ
׶أ±
źȦ˾ͽԺʿ첲һϣײײҵ׳ϵİ칫ҡɫʮֵļһЩĸоǼʾڷǵΪȾ˲ɡ
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Ϊˮϡн̸зһ㶣̧ͷ˿˾ͽȻһʱ׿ߵİʵǲǹڲģ
ϵһЩѾöڴܴǣصרֻһδεʧûóЧĿֶΣڣ˾ͽԺʿݼֵģȻһڴ
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˾ͽԺʿ˵ͷҲϴϲݵǰס˾ͽȵʵĿˣ֤ûУЧΣܴܲ
һĸ⣬ȻЩʧ̬ˡ
˾ͽԺʿǷݼ飬ʵϣһ̣ʵרҶǴ˳µŬڴҶʱݵһͲǶһµ˼·Ȼ֤취ĿУ
зˣкܴȱݣЧҲȶ
˾ͽĻе㲻˼Ҳ̫ˡ֮ǰʵϵѹʵ̫ˣѾȲȫȷкʹæϹϲ
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仰ϵ˷ܶʱȥ࣬ϾȻʧЦˡҲ֪ƽǶôѵ飬شͻѾˣһλȴЩʵ뵽ɫԾɹżϸ˵˵
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΢΢üͷ漴չ˿
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룬ʵôûЧأԱɥʬȾҴߣΣ
˾ͽԺʿ㶣ɵĵɥʬĲҲнСļЧǸҪʧܵĺֱܴܻӱɽϸ߼ɥʬҲһĿܡ
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һ̣˾ͽԺʿƺ뵽ʲôֲŵ¡˺һᣬŵпܡˣǵӰ֣ɥʬƫƫֱо󲿷ܺǻ۵
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ϴһΪԼˡɿ˾ͽԺʿǸԼҲôŵӣ֪췽ҹ̷һµȷˣ
˺һϢʵô֪ģѵʱʵ
ǵġ˾ͽԺʿ˵ͷɫĵ֮ǰ͹ʮ̷ʮһ˱ɹΣ⡣ʮΪԭ򣬱һ׻߶׵ɥʬһرǿ׳ˣ֪ûô£ڿɥʬʱӲͦˣ˼вɥʬлشڡ
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ʵõǿ
ע⵽˾ͽԺʿ仰һ
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ȷֻ˵öɥʬʱѾܹߡ׵Ļһʱ顣
ϵ˵ͷ˼һᣬЩʵǣǵʵûпܱĸǿɥʬһоǣ˵ĸǶ٣
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˾ͽԺʿٳٶۣҲɲµһЩ뷨Ѳ׶Ҫ
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󾪣Ҫڷԣԥ̾ǵĹ۲Ʋ⣬ǵʵӦǹ̶ˡǣõĽɥʬĲȻٸ߼硣ǵʵڱ˵ʱͶˡڼʣֻ˵ܵͣǧ֮һпܣ
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׶أѾ˳ҴߣҲҴ߾ۼءǧ֮һĸʣ˵Ӧǧ˳֡ǣǸóô磬Ҳðôķոע䡣⿿־Ըߺ;СΧƹ㣬ܹˣʵں˵
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⻰ʱöļɫһ䣬Ȼû뵽Լסһҹûȵˣſû׷ˡңֻǳ̬
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ֳЦһͷãҾ͸㿴֤ݣ
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쿪ǹ
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ǸӳֳƮӰŵû겻壬һƨɵڵϡ
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ӳԸǻˣ
رû˯ǮϢϽԴӭû˯ʩҲ˵˹ȥֳȻȻһʯͬųȥðյܱû˹ˡλǰҲԼλ緵ԼСݡ
ôҵʯ𣿡
صǮʩ涼ĵʵ
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İɣٲģ
ֳ֪ܺǮģϽ³ŵԸնǵ£ֳɲϣΪ²ʲô
˼˵ĺĺЩƣֳǣʩ汧һνСʤ»飬첻ֳͦƯŮ
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Уʩ汻ֳư͵ĵ֡ܿ죬·ɢһءһ󣬷°һ컵Ϣ
ƽʩֳ£ʵǸŮӣͦƯİɣ
ֳЩҪ˯ˡôһ˵ʱֵۣʵô֪ģ
ʩЦЦԸᵽʱ򡣱ЩԡǸŮ϶һ䶼䣡
ⶼˣֳһͷȷ԰ɣҹͦģ϶Ȳˡİɣֶ֪϶йϵģ
ôС۵ֻһ°ˡʩһۣõ˵ͣٻЩ˵ġ
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֪ˣɡֳ֪Լô죬ӿ϶Щõһ


194 
ڶİ˵㣬ֳʩԴɬĴߴ˴
ڻֳеĲ𡣲ǵӻЩҪһҪ̵Ļᣬֻҧ·
رѾڵˡ
ߵ⼸죬½ҴߡԸĶ°мҲڽУĸû춯ǰûɣ⵽ٱҹˡڳȫϺԴҲȫͳˣһˣۡ׵Ƚʮ֣ǹеһپʮ֧ȼͺ͵ҩС
޾ϸĻ㱨һ飬ֳ
ܵ˵뿪Щûʲô·ĿǰҲ㹻ԣһʱ䵹óȻЩЩͷֳۣ֪ΪӶӳЩҪиųӵԽԽ࣬պбҪһ𳵶ճתˡ
ῼһʵߵˣ𣿡
˵ͷ˵Ӧûϵֻǲǳʱսǹ֧ͳһرǲĹ涨ֻϧܵĹ죬ǵû׷ϡ
û׷𣿡
㿴˿ֳе㲻˼ĵǵʧְˣһ400ӵ100ʳ
Ժע㣬ñٷ
ֳȻһ㵣ģҲû̫⡣ֻҪĸָʹģƾ֪ôֲʲôӡĶ§ܵ£ֳڵʵҲȫ¡ٹһЩʱգͻм˶Ρ߼ֲʦʱܴﵽĵز
Ͻ֤ͬʱѾ𾯽رԱѵһ٣ҿĸһܴŶͳ뿪رи϶йϵǾòŴӮ塢ɽӦûвӵԵʣ
һҪ÷ʱ˭Σһ
ֳɫЩ¹ϵӳԶķչܽ飡
Ҽסˣĵ˵ͷ
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ֳƺҪţȻ뵽ʲôҽСϷˣѾ˯ˣҾû㡣ˣ˵ǿȥһˣ
Ѿ˵ˣǲ°ɣôѵʲôչˣ
˵ͷֳɵĵֹ£ƺбġȥɣΪϷҲû˵
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˿̣Ϸҹû˯ã۾Щ졣ԸױԺҽҲԱߣƺʲôɫ̫áֳϷƺҵĹǣϽӳɻˣ
ʲôˣ
ɫֳȻЩΪЩͻƵԵ𣿡
ǣڲˣϷЩĵʵҲûʲô̫ĽչֻǸʵݷһܳƲҩѡΪûרҵ豸о˺ܶࡣҸղ㣬ҪǹڳڼԱ촫Ⱦ£
ʲôĴȾ
һȾֳ֣񾭲ıˡĩȱҽҩֶһģĴȾ³ֱ룡
ģһȷϵģԱߵλҽͷһֱĸ˺쿪ʼ½˷աҳθҲ̫áʱҸϷֻʱͨðҲûϡɶ̶һϣȾ˾ͶʮˣʱǲʶȷָȾӦþǼั˺
˺ֳֻ˵к˺ֵʵʲôΣ𣿡
Ϸ̾˿˺˺Щ񣬵һֲġǱڽ϶̣һͿܱȾ˽ȣͷʹȫʣܲ糦סԳθ׵ȡصĻܵ³ѪͲԷףʱƵĻʵҲߣֻǡ
ʲǾ仰ֳ˿žǸת۴ʣٶȵֻʲô
ֻǣǳڳֵָ˺ĩǰֲͬ
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Ϸ룬һ˵˺෢＾ڣȾ׳ĲҲΪ˺ɳžʮ·ݣϾԪˣǸ˺෢ļڡңǳڱȾߵ֢״ҲѸ͡һЩϸ΢ڣĩǰĸ˺в졣ԣƶǼɳžһƷ֣
ֳ˵ͷĵʵĴȾôǸô죿
ĿǰȾԺǿҵĽǣѾȾĽиƣҶȫͨ硣⣬ѾȾҲֿãϴˢʱҪڻûȾģӦԵԤҩŵӦþ͹ãǳҲУ

ֳԥ
Ȼȡʩ϶𳵶ӵĿֻţȾ¾ԲСһҹʱʹȾ˶ʮˣķ֮һٵȥ֪ҪȾءҴǵĿֻţֻҪӸ߲㷴ͣӦҲܿһķΧڣ
ֹһСʱǰѾʮ˱Ⱦڳпأ󲿷˵Ĳ鶼õ˿ơصġϷҡҡͷû˵
ֳȻδ֮⣬һʵѵһ£㲻˵ʺܵǲȱʲôҩ
ϷҡҡͷεǲȣҲһҩ⣬ǵʵڲ̫ˡǼ̵ģֻһĸȾߣǸ忪սʱ˵ˡǵͼٱôȾĩǰŵ޾ܾȵúãڣ
ǣǿأ
ֳﻹ⣬õĻҲļöҾһ
ȲġϷȻҲǹǸû֮ǰǿˣܳסǵѾҪ군ˣʱǿҲˡ
ôһ£ĸ˾ûˣ
֮ǰڰƽصʱȻĿõԶڶ࣬ЩǴİˡһкûˣֳ϶ûٸ飬ҲܽܡԼЩ˼Ϥ󲿷ֶܽ֡ôһҪĸֳеˣ
ʣµ˻᲻ỹ⣿
Ĭһֳܿ顣ǼѾŲȥҴߣҲֻףһ·ߺáڣؼȷ˲ٱȾ
Ȼĸ˺ȾôˣϷûܼʱȷϳҲһϵϷԣȷĵʱȡʩ󣬻ϾͲˡѾȾĶʮ˻϶ƺãǳӵĿ㹻ҴߣΪȾԴѾҵҲ̫Σգ
ȾԴ
ϷʣֳʱעʵˣⳡȾΣαģ
Ϸ˵ͷǰһ복ӵҴߡʱֻ΢Щð֢״ǽȫ죬ֲ쿪ʼĲſʼѸٴȾ


195 
ǸҴߴģ
ȾԴһˣֳɱ˼ˡΪһһҪĸˣһô˱Ⱦ
֪ʱͲˡҲңðֻҹˣ뵽Ǹ˺ϷҲʮֵĺڡֻѾˣȾҲˣٰ˼ȥѾû壬һڵʧ֡
ֻ˵ǵƻ졣ԺҴ߼룬һҪһʱ۲죬Ȼ׼롣ǶԴҵĸҲЧıٶȳ֣
ȷбҪ
Ϸ˵ͷ֮ǰʮˣû̫ģĴȾ֣ƽȫ豸㹻ƵԵʡ˵ڱʡлأвٶٵأ
ûУǾǻˣ
ֳ΢Щ֣һ㶼û˵أѵǷϢ
ϷЦЦ˵صķӦ죬һϸ롣ϾĩôôˣһھӲˣҲû˭ỳʲôʵ֪Ŀ϶ࡣССĴȾ飬ǰ˵ҲʮֻɵӰ첻ͨҴ߲֪ˡ
ѹ֣
ֳ˵ͷֵҲ֣ǳӳһҲǿԽܡԺ϶Ҫ߾裬ԶžٷϷҽСģ˼복ӣҪѰѹأ
ףϷĵ˵ͷ
ְοϷһºֳͬһ˳ʼִоĸƻʵڳƽרŸȾ˸˺Ĳס⣬ϴɽ°ҺƽʱԷϴ·ʲôҲֱֿȬΪֹ
ӵǣģڴȾļи˺ʲôֻ֢֮ҪϣͨĿؾƲ飡Ҳϣʱ⣬Ϊ˷ƣҲΪǵѲӴȾﱣ֤ӾκһԱ
Ϊ˷ԣԸաǮȺ󿪿ڡڣ󲿷Ҵ߶ʾ⣬ϾҲ¹ԼȫٲֻǵĲԱڵõӵ֤ҲŽɵͬˡ
Уиǵȫס֡СļһҴ±Ⱦ
ĸȷ޷ȻˣϷ˽ȫһ
ѵģǴſ֣һɡϷĻǸ֪ͨ
ܿ죬˵͵͵ĳԴˣȻͬ飬ȴĪ
Ҫ»кܶడ
ֳ̾˿ҪһŶ̫ˡӲˣһһַɢڱıԺ󳵶˸࣬ҪǵķҪָӣ
һ뵽͸ͷˡ
ֳ˲ŵĿ͸˺ĵӰУӶȹԪǽһꡣֻȻڴͳʢաڡԣڵĳҲûʲôϲĸоڵںĴһй
Уš
Ԫĵڶ죬ֳڳ緹͵õرԱı棺ӳҴߡ
ֳ˷֪ˣµĹ涨ѾʵʩôϷȥһߣȻ졣еɻһÿл㱨˵һˣõר
Ҵߣƺˡŵɻĵǻ֪ӵܣ
֪ܣȻģֳһ㶣Щ⡣һᣬߣһȥ
սԱ˵ͷֳ˱⡣
⿴˿ֳɳһվŵˣȻ֮ǰɳи۽ٳһ˵ĺС椡˿̣˵ɫЩƣֳɨһۣ϶˼ϲá
ǣôܵˣ
ʱ˺ü죬ֳΪ뿪ԭ·βȻô֪ԼɽģҪ˵ģֳţɽô󣬾֪·Ķ·οһǧľˣ
ô𣿡ǸŮԾɴһ¾װֻԼԿѪߵ㡣ɫһ䵭ֻЩĽ͵ǡ
ֳӵĿ⿴˿ֿ˿ԱߵģͷȻԣʲôأô֪ģ
Ů֪Լشֳ϶̸ģǵλ壬֮ǰǲϵˣ׷Ҳһ׵ġ⼸ûѩ¶Ҳ̫ߣʱµĽӡͳӡһֱڡǽɽԺ׵ıһ·׷
ô˵Ǹĵĵ˵ͷʱġȻˣʵûôıµû¡
ԭרҵʿ
ֳȻĵͷɻȥһЩ
ʱŮ˿ʱ߳ĳˣ΢΢üǸ̸һġֻҪ֪ݣ϶ܾ
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ĪţֳﻹǺЩ䱸ġôڱҲ˵ȥ룬˽˱׼̸̸˵⵽ʲô
Ҽ˱Ѻˣ˲صͨҰһ£ϻռ˻أŮҲûʲôֱ˵ĸɡ
ֳ΢ЩȣʵȻأ
ŮһۣǵͦģٶˣƾҺԸǡҼǵܺȥæȳϰ֡ڿˣ֧ӵĵλƺܸߵӡܴϼʮ˰æǸã
з·϶ֳܾƵģЩ졣
Һû˵ҪӦɣֵ¸˲ص˿սǵ£ɸûʲôϵ
Ůһۣ˵ҼȻˣ϶г롣
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䱸⣿
ϢֳʮֵľһᣬָָʵȻܵȼܸߣô֪ģ
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Ǹĵɫֲ׵ɫ
ǣô֪˵ĻأֳﻹʣҪ䱸⣬ΪʲôֱӿóľװԼǵ˵ôľ˲ص˿ûôǰɣ
ĿЦһֻһֱűѣ˭֪᲻ؽ򣿵ʱһͷΣй¶ܵһϾ·ͥҪѩһҶ˿ˣҲ˵ȥ


196 ְæ
ͦչ˵ġĵĻֳɸ̾һ䡣
Ҹѩһҹϵһֱܺá
ɫ䣬ȻҪľͬˡĩôãҲûȫɥʬĿܡȻˣҲϢһüǮ
ֳ˵ͷѩΪֳͬʱڿڻӦ⣬ǲӣ
Ϊʲô
ֻѩ¶ɻı飬Ҳֵ˳
䱸⣬˵ĺʵֻǸֳЦЦΪĵĸղҲ˵ˣ䱸ﻹһЩšҪȥŵľԭϣ϶ҪǷͻ䱸սٺ١
ֳҡҡͷûǿõŵĺôͷԡ
˵ĩʼµʱ򣬾ڶȥôˡʵ˵䱸ʲһһΣʳϵֻ֧¡ԣҪôԭأҪô뿪
ֳһۣȻԸ˵ѵ˾Ͳй¶ȥô
һ㶣Ŀûôȷˡܵ䱸ˣƽʱֿȦɵ㡢Աϸصʿĩôˣǻ᲻Ծ˭Ҳ˵׼䱸ҪĿⷿеּװԶϵͳ֪˼ܴ򿪣ĵվЩҡ
⡭
еԶԵ˼ѩҲе㷸ˡ
ǣֳܸһҪĶͻȻûۣǶԷ϶ҪˡҲδزУѩȴ׵ͷˣԼϡ
ҪˣҵæȻҴϰֳŵºĳӣһѩȥҵĺģԾǿƵĻжʮˡʣµȻͶˣܶԾǡֻҪӦǸ˲ˣ£߰ʮ£
Ļֳüͷȴûش
壬ӦֳҲ̫ԡϾĩҪֻɥʬӦѩĻǾζҪⷢս֮ǰȻҲҴߴ϶ΪĻԼҲûʲôˡ
Ȼ뷨ֳֻǵһС֡ؼԭǣĿǰɽ㰲ݣδЩã

䣬ܱȰظ𣿵ʱʮ˵Ļأ˵沿ӣڼɥʬǰȳ롣˼ˣΣԣԼΧ˹ĸáԼ⣬ֳʱûʲôͷ
ԥȴѩбͷ
̾˿ʵ֪Ϊʲô˲˺ͷĶȡӪغֻǿѺҵļˣȴûɱ𣿡
ֳһ㶣ʵΪʲô
ѩͷѵǸģֻδɣȻű˲£ȥҴӪسҳʱ˵ֻҪҸҵļ˶ܰȻ붼û;ܾˡ
˵ţĿֳһۣ京岻ԶҪͼҵĻ绹Ǵ˰ɡ
ˡ
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Ҳʱ䣬˼ңֳʱҲеϵԣѹȥһæˡƾܣȥ˾ȳûʲôġǸ˲˵սֳȥܡ
ѩһۣ˵ͷ
ôɡ
Ҳ£ֳʩԸǽһȻɽ
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ʱǵִʯںͷȻҹ˴˳£
йһͬԵʣε;ƺһЩֳԺ˯һᣬ֪ʲôʱˡڴշһᣬЩƣǾȥװϴ硣ϵɢʵ¹⣬ˮнĴŻֳһ硣վһᣬٻһ⹽ǵɫܡ
ЩᷢĶʲôеĢѩǴһ˿֪ʲôʱҲߵ˼װϡ
ֳһۣٻһС⣬԰ָܣͬʱӿٶȡ
ѩĿۣһŵô˵Ҫллæ˵䱸£ͷһ֤ġǶڣҲ֪ͨ㣬֮ʳԣ
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ֳֻǵԼνİ˰֡˵ûǸ䱸Ⱨ̫ϣ
ѩֳ̬ȣû˵ʲôֻȭ
ڵܳ絽˶壬⹽˵˵Ӫȵ°ɡ
áѩ˵ͷǸѵĸ߲㷽ĺ˲˹˵һ飬ΪӦҵʱ˸ֲ߲㵱ˣмϰ֡嶼ץʱã˳ҲҲڣϰǲܵԱ֪ӦǱڸһװ
ȷǸץ㣬ǻڶ졣
ѩ̾˿˵Ҳ֪ԲŲһȥأĵǸܣ°æȻ󳹵׽ǡ㲻ӦҲֻһˡϳ־ȳǾˣʣµԼ
ֻӪȵĻ⡣
ԼܣֳǺĵģοֻǶԸһЩͨˡ

ڶ磬ڴ볤˲ʱֳǰ˴
ߵĻ˵ͻᱻ˲ص˷ˡ˲ɳиҲ̫ԶֻҪ϶ԵִĿĵء
ĻһΧĻǱߵĻ·ӦгܿҰɡ
Ȼá·ϵҪôҪôû͡òҵһõģȴûԿסĵǻӰԴĳߴļ˼κǿ
ʱΧʮֻɥʬѾǡ
ˣϽϳ
ĵĻû䣬۾͵ĵɴˡǰһ·СݶϣȻһֻɥʬûгֻɥʬͲĴݶѾڻĻѩɿĳ˹
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˺ѷεĺ˳һ˿
Դɥʬǵĺպʹ硣˸̳ǿĻ⣬Ҵ߼ûսʤǡ֪Ǿˣɥʬĳӣ˾Ҫɵ
ʱٿѾˡ
ͽ͵ĳ׼Եĵֿ
ѩҲѪɫȫޣȻ򲻴ɥʬǰȴû֮أҪˣ


197 ǱӪ
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ƺǿǰɥʬֺһ˲嵽ǰ߰׵ľ롣󣬽ٶȣһĨӰ˹
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Ȼֻɥʬ
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Ȼڵһֻɥʬ˵ϵͬʱѾȫֳܵҲ˲ȥһġɢɫԻùâİ͸Ģ
Ȼ󹽣
ֳӻǿĵֲ
סӣը˺ȻߣҲɥʬ˵ѡȻ󹽲ͬԽסĿֳ꣬Ĵ֣˼һԼһĲɾʹˣΨһƾǣȻ󹽱ӴĿãҲһĳɹʡ
ֳĿǰʵ˵ƵһֻɥʬʱĸʻǺܴģ
һֳֻ̣ɥʬһ˲䣬ȻĵɥʬԴϣ
ɫĹâһֳǰֻɥʬϵƺиε˫ֳֻɥʬĵֿȥɥʬ˵ϣȻһĵȴֳ
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ֳվɥʬ˸ָĿ£ֻڳǰǵɥʬȻɵ̧ǰצ
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һֳ̣Ըоĵֿȴ
֮£ֳϽܼǿ˿ƣŽɥʬѹ¡һ£ԼܲʣֻƵɥʬòӾͻֳһֱѹƵĻڵܿСʱ

ֳٶȷɥʬʱɵһվǰǸӣȻЩһͷʵļȮˣ
ֳӣ
ʱҵȵĺѩԤеû١ٶ۾˲ŷֻɥʬȻվֳߡֳܣҲ֪ѩ̲סĵĴһ䡣
ΪʲôҪܣ
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װ⣬ǰѵ˼ΨΨŵŵĵͷŵĺһﳤ뿪
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һ仰û˻شﴫϵŭѾǸ˶ܿĵزǺεɱ⣬еԺļһﱳ϶ʱ亹
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һǰĳϦҹֳԸϽɥʬϴǰɲŹһʱ䣬ҲǴӾ鷳סԭ峵ڱ˻Ż˹һھǸϢ
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ҪܣֻɥʬϷŹֽ׷ڳɫٶȣǺܿɥʬȺ˾롣ᣬԸաǮǼʱĿӭȥɥʬȺע˻ûɥʬвǿЩ׺һ׵ɥʬǣ
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սֶʱֳԤľ棬ֻɥʬڧһֻǯɥʬ


201 ɥʬ
ʵ˵ӵйǯɥʬֳǵһμ
ֻѾεɥʬֱֻͿǰα˹ǯӣеǴзǱСļеĻ¾ҲҪ۶ϣ
ؼǣֻɥʬ൱ٶȼ죬Ҳ˵һֵܼļһ
Ϊ˶ԸֳѸֲȫ˳
˪㶹ּ٣ʳ˻Щɵ׽ӣըҲǽٻɥʬʵ˲ٿͷҪǰ첻ʹĢֲ䶾ʴ׵Ĵ繽Ҳг
Ȼ󹽣Ϊг˲ʹãԷǿڰ췢ЧǻĳսĢºܿͻʧ

˼οɥʬЩϻˣ׷ֳǼٶȵı˪㶹ϡٶȹ죬һ˪㶹ֻ汻֣ǯȥ㻯ʧ
ʼʩʱԱߵʳ˻ץסᣬſ򦽫ǯҧס
ǻᣡ
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Ӻֻɥʬɥʬȫ˵ϡ
𾧣ֳ⡣ͷ˿߸ŵֻɥʬҲһҵſ˶һֻɥʬѹƺ󣬺ܿ죬ֳĿƣһֻɥʬһţ
˵ֻɥʬȻܾˣֳո
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ֳҲսǵĸѸ١
ֶӳЩɥʬò᣿
ֳȻֲʦѾ֪𰸣̲ס˳
ɱˣҲûʲôҪģֳܸɴĳˡ仰ȻѼֲʦúһѡ
ϴ󣡡
ӳ䰡
ĻֳѾΡտʼʱ̲סЩ˷ܡκҲó費ˡֻǵԸǴɨսͬʱõĻ꾧ʵλƽ䣡
ӳЩɥʬ֫ô죿
Ըһ߰һһ߿ǰǧɥʬ֫ѪȳʵҰĻЩɥʬ֫ôҲûʲôڣǵλøűЩǸֳǵıҲʮǷŲĻܻʲôδ֪ĺ
ϵͣһѻ˰ɡ
ֳҲɴֱ࣬
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취Щɥʬ񣡡
ʱչɹɥʬȺֳԸǺܿһµĿȻɥʬĻ̫ǿͨɥʬȫǸӦǣʵֳһԽ֮ǰľõİ취ǻƱ֮еĻҲԡǣЩֳǶûУǾרͨǹͻǹĻɥʬǸ⣡
Ҫǽ߼ֲʦֲԶԿա
ֳһֻЩǿޱȵȴһʱвֲʱѩٶȵҵ
ʲô£
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ǵ֮ǰ˵ľ䱸𣿡ѩԾɫһھֱ⡣
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УѩĻֳЩȣϢʱûб̫ϣû뵽ȥ֤һ󣬾Ȼ֤ڡĻֳȤһӴ
ȻУѵΪҵƭ㲻ɣѩ΢΢Щá
ǡֳʱȷôϻǸϽϣֻǾģĶûȥЩְˡ
ûʲôֵģǲǲã޷ͨ롢ʶ𿨺ָ֤ˡѩ͵䱸޽ܹھں͵ϮͨըҩܹըġңرƵĹϵͳ䱸ķϵͳһֱڻ
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ѩˣӪڿ˵ļֻ֣Ҫʱ䣬϶ƽġ֮ǰԼǽ䱸ĵص˫ַϡ
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̸˺ֳһᣬȻʲôʵˣǸ˲ôˣ
ѩɫԽˣôȳҰֺ˽¸ԾɳϵȻʱ˲˸˳ȥΪҺսԾӪصѾһˡٶûĵģѾ뿪߱˲ǵ˸Ūˡ
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202 ȫӦ
ݵ䱸⣿
ѩϺֳѸҵ˳ӵ߲㡣ľϸ˵һԸպǮǶЩˡ
װһʦװǿ˵ȫ׾е
ǳӲٶˣɳиԾӪػǡôˣ䱸̵㶫㹻õˣ
ĩȥôãģһ䱸Ȼû˶
ɫΪ˷ܶ÷죬һǼǸ̾ǵĹ۵㶼һµģǾ䱸һҪ¡̰һĻƿ˦ѩǣҪ֪ôҲӡһʦľеֵĻҲܽһģͨмصĳӪأ
ĩҵͷĿ棬˭ûеȨ͵λ׷أ֮ǰû뷨ֻʵ˿һɳĻᣬƿںԸǶЩˡ
֮£Ǯǻм侲ЩɵʣӳôõĻᣬΪʲôԼأҪһǣ
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Ըͬĵ˵ͷ漴˳ǰףʲô˼
ǮҲĵǶԼʵôģ±˦ô
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ֳ˵ͷȻǿʱڱռһЩҪãܿСȻô˹ȥǱߺеֱӶĻֻҪǴˡǲȥǾͲῪ䱸⣬ʱ䵹㹻

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ڳ͵ѩҲͷĲǿָɳиԾӪٴÿ춼Ҫߴһֳڣʯں֧ͷʮæƴճĴֳͬˡ
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һֱʯںͷ֮ǰѩֳ֪⼸æʲôɵЩͣͷǰ׼õıóʱüͷ΢΢ֳǷֳʮˣ￴ǳĳȻЩõĳҴʱѩǺȻʶֳȻһ׼׵
Լ״ЩС̣Ҫˡ
Щӵ̬£ԼʱĴֳһ˳¡˼Ѿ֪Ʈλھݰɽ䱸ˡ


203 ϴĽ
һ֮ҴɵСģʻ˲ִɳиۡ
Ϊ˳£ܱǿٶȣнĻͦ졣ڴ󲿷ֺζҪʲôżˮ鸴ӵĵضΣҲָ³ɹȹ
вͷһڳЩʡʱͼǵɥʬ㣬Ҵǵɾûôˡ֪ĴԵֿںͨɥʬ㣬ǻٲЩ㷡
ӭɽѣ
ֳǵĴӵִѩϰ֡ӪϴԴɳи۵ͷӭǡģʮɫź桢ɻ͵Ҵߡ
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ֳ֣Ȼʱٳֹ־һΣҲЩ顣һΣ˸Ժѵǰġ
һϴĽӭԼӪأͬʱµԶѣҪд

ϴĻµ˿ǰİˣǵѹ̫ˡȻȷԼѣѹʱɣ෴˰ȫСǵļƣƺɳиסϼ졣Ļ˲ӦòҶˣ
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ϧŮѾ˼ԼֳҲˡ˼ҾһȻϴ뷴Ҳ˿ڡֻڴֳθûôܹһֺô䱸һˡ
ĿǸݾݸصıֵġȴֳ֪ĳӻΪԼʵͲһеˡȻҲ̰ȴԶûôѿ
ͻȻôˣϴԾӪҲЩдܡԾӪؾͷԱߣװǵطһܽסˡ½ֳ˰źúϴżĸֳǾһĻ飬Ϊľλǿ鵰⣡
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ѵܵ䱸ڰɽķ羰ʤԱߣԸվȵʵ
ЦЦԽĵطҲԽȫƽʱʵʱҲֻǹ羰ʤˣѹ벻ﲻ幫䱸⡣Ȼˣ䱸ΧԶԶľͱҽڸˣͨ˸ȥġ
⵹ҲǡԸյ˵ͷ
Ҷ˸ӡϴƽļ֣Ѿ׼ˣ͵һڴ䱸ķ˵װʣµĹǣֻǡȿȣӪҲȽѣ˲˸ǹȥҪķֳɣôͷɣչһ¡
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ķ֣
ѾֳĵߣɳиԾӪ˵Ҳ⽫ĸߡңɳи۵ЩˣǶҲȫԲ¡Ȼˣ緽Լ
Ҫ˳ɣֳɣܸɴԼҪ
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ֳƹֵķϴһĸɷ޷޵˵˳֮ǰûֳ֮һЮϴ󣬶ʵȱһ̵ʶԣԼôҲҪһŶԣô󲿷Ҳ޲ɡϾ䱸ĵַṩģƽȨĺڿҲǵˣ
ŶҪܹ𣿡
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񻹼ǵãֳʱƮɥʬٶȣпƷĵֶΡңŮҲ˵ֳĳˣʵûʲôģ
Ҫְɣ̽һ䣬һò
ÿһ֣ɶװǧ˵ľеϴ뵽ԼƵװ䱸ĶͲɴΪѡ˿̣ٲԹġЩ䱸£ڱ˲ص˹Ӫǰڽôķƽøˣ
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˲˸ǵȻҲսףǾǡ
ϴһĸԼҲ⻰ûе
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ϴһҧҲû취˭뵽ֳǰһж׼׵أΪԼűصƣԳ賵ӺʹֳֻãܳûռݸĺôڣȴǱơΨһܰοԼľǣ䱸ʣµľе㹻ࡣɣҲװǧ˵ľе
ڲ˵ɳиԾӪ˵һС־еҲĲƸˣ
죡
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Ϣһ󣬵ڶһ磬ϴ͵¡ֻҪܹ䱸£㶪ԾӪأҲ練Ƶ¡ֳǰһٶʮ˸ʿ߰˳ϴɽĹȺȥ
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Լҵϴ󣬴ôˣȥʲôأϲɹ֪ǲҪš


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ɳи۵ɽ˵ԶԶ˵Ҳнٹ
ǷŵĩǰһСʱִܵĩֳ㻨СʱŵִһûҽѡΧһȦӡԽɽ羰·ԽӣʵֳǷ˲ٹ
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ԴɥʬֺɳиӪصСģɥʬǿɴûһԼҡڵЩõǿ̲סǵ⡢Ľ
ҪԼĳʼնôǿͺˡ
쿿ɽɥʬԶ󲿷ֶǾĹԱ̷һЩο͡ϳӴĶǷ׷׹ֽųӳ˹Уֻɥʬ
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ϴţưȻܿɥʬΪԼս
ѵʲô߸֣ɥʬܴߵģ
ɣ˼Ǹֲ٣ʲô߸֣ǻʵָ֡ӵܵʱۿģɥʬʲôֻ˼Ҳһɱ󣡡
ϴвʱϴϲǡжϼأ˼һԼӪҪˣ
ǹ϶ĳ߰˷ӣɥʬȺѸ
һж˳ֳӵĪĳ˹ϣ˲òת˱ĳԴˣֳҲûʲô취ϾЩʱռģȻ޹滹вġɽˮ֮£˹Ҳ⡣ǿĳ࣬˵ٻʮҲ˵ˣ
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ķˣܶԽﴫԾģҳġǳ̫ͳҫ߱ͨžһֱӣ΢Զһ㶼Ӱ죡
ĵָ£ӹսһԻɽȡ
ɽΧԼԿһЩѱĹĹ滹ﱣλıǡһֱ￪һκֳǿ˶סڵդ·ϡԱ߻һӣúдŰ˸֣ǰݣֹͨУ

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ĺˣǸӲƭġĲΪЦЦҪˣССֶΣôֹЩǣֱ˵Ļ϶˸ﴳŪľƣٸðﴳ˾ͺˡ
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￪һκ·ԲʱԿ޵ľʾơôģľͺԸı־ô˹Ҳðˡֹ幫ʱɽȵĵײסǵһΧĸǽ˿
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˲̮ʾִҲᱻΧġԱԴȾΣΪɽǿǲͳ䱸࣬ȻֻԽߺһò
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ԭյţ֪ʲôʱѾײԱ߻мֻɥʬεǰͷ˼Ǻ󣬺ܿɨһǰ·Ļ䱸ˣǽͰ洦ɼԼԿδû˲Ļǹ
ӵˣ⣬ǵһν½أٲ˶Щ档
ʵ䱸ҲǸĻذֳһܣϴɳи۵Ӫسʲô⣬ǨҲΧɥʬƺ࣬Ҳѹ
ȷͦʵġ
ϴϸ˿ҲЩģ⵹ĺ·ˣȱˣٶȽˣƽ䱸ɡ
ܿ죬һͽʮꡢЩݵ˹۾Щ忴ȥҲ˵˭Ҳ뵽˾ڹںڿͽϺŵĶڿ֮һҲܴΣʱĵһлǿ׳Ķûܶأ
Ѿʹĸˡе㹧ĵ˵ƽİ취һֱƽܿҵĵԣȻ䱸Ȩޡһǣƽֿĵ룡
˵ԼϱУ۾ղȷ·˸ˡ
⻹˵ôȻֱӸܿҵĵˣһݰϴԵԲֻƾоȻôʡôˡ
еΪѣɵĵϾǾһϵͳõļܼͷֵĴʩҲǶġһ˵ȡȨЩǿãһ¶пܡ
ôϴɴ۾ôܵȵôʱ䣡
ֳҲüʵǣҪƽⵥֿĵأ
˵ͷ˵ѶȾ͵࣬õģһͿͻһֿ⡣Ȼʡµİ취ӵݿָ֤ͨϧûУֻıʽˡ
ðɣǾͰƽɡϴεĵ˵ͷתͷģƽĸ
ϸһʱʣصʿҲʧˣмӵвȨ޵ˣӦôһЩװ뻹һʦ߳ϵװͨĲǹҩʲôӦøࡣģ̹˺װ׳ھڡǹǹסеʽͲ̹˵ҹǡ¡ȵȣ϶ˣĸǾɡ
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ĵϸ˵ϳӵи߲ȫ̲ס˿ˮЩ֣ܸһ㹻壡
ǹеʲôǲȱŪЩʽͲͷ֮İɣֳԼĿҲǶ˵ʵõġ̹˻ʲôĹȻãָһЩܹͨͰЩ߿Ƽ⿪ڱûϵͳѵˣͲܴ׼ŪҲǰ״
ͲҪã
򵥣󣬲ǶɥʬǶ˶ܺãϴҲǵһʱ丽ֳ顣
ֳ룬ʵˣлеĻҲԿǡ
ĵ˵ͷ˵еģ
Ļشֳһϲ£ԸڱԶĳɥʬȺӦǲˡ
гĿǸĺڿ͸һ뿪׼ʼ˳ƽ⡣ûʲôµֳ䱸ɥʬҳӹķ


205 䱸ս
Ϊ䱸ڵɽֻһڣԣرսԱӹķʱֻҪƺˡ
ǹЩص㣬ס䱸ˡ
ֳԸյָ£еһٶʮ˷ֳֵࡣϴ󣬶֪һֱȥ˲˺ܻܿûʲôǲҲͰˣֳĶ֣˵Ҳֻóˣ
ǸڿƽٶȱԤеĻҪһҹȥˣһֿĵû㶨ٶȣֳϴЩͷǣΪ֪䱸ǷֶΣǿɲñţֻĵȡ
ϴСʧˣ
糿ԷʱϴһĸȷʵϽ档
ʲô
ϴֳһ㶣ʶʧٱĺ塣Ȼλ˲ذµˣһδؾһνʧ٣ȥǱˡ⻹ϴƵĺãһֱŸࡣǰ˵ˣǸС͵͵ˣ
ʲôʱʧٵģֳϸʵʱҲƳһЩ
£ӦǽʱߵġҲ󣬾ȻһͲײɥʬ𣿡
ϴüͷҲ˵Ѿ˺üСʱˣ
ֳҲ׷Ӧ׷ˣϢݹȥӦϵ졣㹻ʱ䲼Ҫ͸ǵɫ
˵ǼһֱӱɥʬأϴǸĸƵĵ
˵ϴҡҡͷʱѾ·ߵɥʬ˳ֶˡһʱ䣬δε٣ȫȻǱȽϸߵġ
Ҫǣ
˵ţֳԸǼǿ˽䱸ĵĴռҪĵطƸߵ²tڡֻҪͻᱻ֡⣬ֲʦСĳԱҲףǰɢİ˺üʮţȫ˵˿ܾλáֻܴһС֣Ҳõͷˣ
һУֳǾ;˴
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ɻɻ󣬲ǱĿľǱˮڡǵעķƽȨ޵䱸У
ʱ俪˵һֿ󣬺ڿ͵ٶԼӿˡϽŴ򿪵һɲǣֳǿڷŵոףʽĻͲʮ׻
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ǰһĻп˶̲סЩ𺳡·𣬾жеıζ
ļ죬һֿ뱻ƽ⣬ֳǵջҲԽԽ˵˷ܵ𾪣Աľϲãϳӵļ߲㣬ҲòźķǵĳӲԽĶȫߣ
ʮ߻ʮװ׳СھȻڡһͦػǹ˰֧ʽǹףʮ򷢵ӵ
Щջװһĳֻ䱸һС֣
Ҫüβˣ
⻹۵ʹ࣡ϴı飬ҲˡڣѾЩװһ顣˲ص˵ĻȫеֶԿϵĵˣ
ֳˣڿյοװ׳
̹Ǹ̫أ֮£װ׳׼ʻҲֳǵԣֳֻ׼ʮװ׳ȻûһῪģЩصļʻԱҲģ
ЩֳӵһʵķԾ
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ǰһָӴһԸ²ڲأʼȫ
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ָӵҲ֪ϴǿ϶ԼĽԣѡ񲻴ݾߣڹȿλ棬⻹нһռƸߵ㡣
뿪𣬶ֳǳӵвǺܴġһ˲䣬кü˳ǹ
͵طװ׳ǰ棬ǹ׼
ȻľŹֳѸٷµսԱҲʱӦԡܿ죬ʮǹؽĻǹ³һ࣬𽥽ֵĻѹ
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׼
ֳԼߵ࣬ǲǾȥ
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˲ָӹ֪ȥ⼸Ҳһ֪һЩ顣ɳиǵʵѾǳǿˣǰʣµҲȫߣǿֻеķˡԣָӹپðһԣܲ䱸ֶΣ


206 ɽӪص
˲صָӹЩԴˣⳡսֱӶ˺֡
Ϊȷ䱸ԻϵͳǷˣԣҲûʮɵָ൱ϴµһ˶ըҩʱըһֿĴţƻһ˲䣬Ѿֶεϵͳ˻ָ
޴ıը䱸·һ緢Ļɽϣֱӻ
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ݵ䱸⣬Թľе뻹ʱͱ׵Ļٵˣ
һ£ʧĺֹʮڣ
䱸ıը̫ңȿڵ˶оͷڿʱǲԼͬķ˻ͺ̡˲ָӹٵȻдϲֳʮֵľӵˣ
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Ѿʧ˽һ˵˲˶û˵ѡ˳롣һЩԱͻƸߵ㴦ûˣͳͳǷˡ󣬻˳뿪Ĳᳬһˣνʧأ
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ǰһĻϴ촽ҧˣĻ
ֳȻҲʮϧֻεջѾ㹻ˡԣ߿֮⣬ǾܾϴĽ˲س׹Ƶ顣Լ˵ȷһΣʧջȫɲϴĵǿͷ
Ȱ˼βɹϴֻεķҲôټ˲˱شԾӪѾԵɹԷˣ
ٶȷذɣ
ϴ˲˴ϢĻᣬһ˼ȥ÷ս
֮£ֳ˾򶨶ˡϴ˲ս֮£ؼҲֻǳ֮꣬ûҪǵøȥϡԣһɨսָ˵Ա˳ĴȻſʼء
һ·ϣ˲˳ʱĶʵ˲ɥʬ
ҲҺ䱸뷱ĵضιԶǻղǾ춯صһʮɥʬ
Ӱɽɳиۺϴͣ㣬ʼټֳ֣׬ԸۏˮԺܸɴֱǡķԸ£ӵЩʱĳתеľǾõװ׳װ˴
һ·ߺã
еʱĸѩԵһ£ôһ֮ꡣ
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Ըտ˿ѩıɫֹһ
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ϵٶǱȽֳǷֻһʱ䡣
ʯں֧ͷȴǵĶʮսԱѾͷˣֻǵܻɥʬֻܹɵšۿֳض飬ǲ˸߲ҵĻ
ŶⲻVNϵеʽװ׳𣿡
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лţưŪô
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ֲʦСˣٴξôҲ̲סϲ˭֪ĩǿĸ
ôڣǵĳȫԾһδģţ
ֳǵ飬̲סһ䣺ǹ֧ٶ࣬Ҳʱ򡣶ңЩܽӴļˣܱԶԶмܲǸм߼ֲʦǾͻЩʵҲӣ
ﻰҽӴܽǮҲʶ»ܵĳֲʦǣȥֳͲˡԼεı֣ӦǶܵǿһ˽⣬᱾ĩ
İϴ󣡡
ֲʦӦţ۾ǲԾ鵽˻ǹϡ
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ӷɽ󣬿տЩӵı
ӳǿǻˣص˿ֳʱ߿ˮ
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Щɥʬ񣡡ƵĵߺЩɥʬԽÿ춼дȺɥʬɹǲʱֳһֹǡܴҶǰ㿪˲Сıҧˣ
ʲô
ɥʬҲЯɥʬģֻҪУ³Ǳɥʬζţֳǵĳˡ
ԸҲϧ̾˿漴ҵĵΣ˻Щɥʬٸ֤һҲӲ
л𣿡һϲ֧֧ĵӳм¡
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ѵЧˣֳɾϲʡ
ͷһûЧǱɥʬˡһˣҩһɥʬһܱ˴󲿷ǰʶ
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Ϣ˲óӼ߲ˣ˶͵һžǲšɥʬܱ֮ǰʶʲôɥʬˣˣ
ģǿ˵Ҳ֪ôԴֻʱ뿪
ֳ棬ȻԼĸоķƺζɥʬҪı䡣һɺϻϷֳҩض֢һлҪߺ֤
ҹȥ
˵ţֳ·ȻǮԸһ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ԶıԵһƿ֮ǰһƤҡѾɥʬˣҲ˲׺ͶɥʬеĽʲ㡣ƫƫĻﻹһ˿ǣɥʬȫɱ¾˺ҧıܡ
ӳ
ֳ֣ǸڵϷһ㶣һŷӦɳƶֺ³֡
ˣ
ӣֳȫЩɵˡĩɥʬǼĶˣֻʶɥʬˣǻͷһο


207 ɥʬ
ǿֳǸұɥʬȾļһ
ֱɥʬץƵһֻ̣ǰһڣΧĻҲתһ㡣־޴Ŀ־к;˲佫壡
׼ǹɱʱԱߵ˸ӵλڰʵоԱҽһֳҩܴûЧҲд֤Ծɻһ˿ϣȥˮץһ«έˣԼţǱһ뷨ˣ
ֻǣҩɹĽȳȴ
Լӣ֪ԼǷɥʬģԼǷɥʬյǣص˿Ҳ֣·һҹ䲻ʶԼ
ǣԼܿж˺ǣ
˵ǿҵķ񶨡ɺͿжȹġҸһԼĸܣֳ˵ľȴǿЩˡ
ģֻҪ㻹ʶǾͰ㵱ͬ࿴һӣֳ֪ˣϽղֻǵһ¿̫ˡ
ֳĻǿʱůһЩԭľҲȥһЩͻȻ޵ĳ嶯ϧɥʬԺȵķԼѹûǸܣ
οһֳ˲Ž˳Լǰʵ
ʲô𣿡
ʱϷҲ֪ϢۿǿĴʱǾ˷ܡǿҵ񿴵Щڣ׳ӵҽΪʲôôԼ
Ƿʵ鱨ϵķпܴġͲǡôﵽһƽкʱϾͻ˵ֻǣǸ̫ͣұʵԡû뵽ʱҩȻҲܳˣ磬
ϷȻԼרҵУһһ߼ǿɥʬ
ˣϷúøһɡ
ֳ֪岻ֻ֣ܵϷȸһ˵ˡ֪ǣֳĿҩܷзƷоǣǿǷܴȾĲԼڵ״̬ǷȶһͻȻ±ɥʬǿɾ鷳ˣ
ǣǿԼҲ֪£Ϸʼ˸ֳѪо
ҪԽԽã
ȱֶεϷһɤӣϧҪ̫㡣֮£ҲֻеļжԵķˡ
Ϣһ׼ɥʬ񣡡
ֳȥҲóӵ˶˸ɾ׼úñһΪѾ˵ˣõˣԻµָ꣡
µǣɥʬ𽥷ֳɼݡһҲϣлôҲ¡ڸԶȲܣϾҲҪȼϵģһݾһݡ
Ըյ˵ͷƻ
ô˻˺һžУǳȥ˶ҪϷºͷͷ⣬װ׳ͻΪЩӾݵ䱸ŪĶʱЧİǵɥʬĽ
ڶһ磬رһͳˡ
ΪԵɥʬ˶Ҳδعáһ˾װ׳Уֳֻֻ˲Ű¶棬Ҳ˺ڶºͷµ˫ر£ɥʬܹǣ
ܿ죬װ׳ӾҵǴֻɥʬϢĵضΡ
оװ׳Ⱥ˹ɥʬǷ׷ױɵաһ󣬵һĪԼʮ֮һɥʬʼ壡
׼
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װ׳ڵ˾ܿͷϵĻ棬͸۲촰ܿ䵽ɥʬʬ壬ʱҵװ׳ϵģȻҲ©ɥʬͻƷвûаƤ¶ˡңֳԱҲ΢ˣרŶԸЩ©ļһνǷֹȷ
ܿ죬һɥʬͱ˴롣
ϣڳȼյɥʬײȼ˸˵ɥʬëһЩȱȽϸߵɥʬȻܿһЩһǵֵס˿
ʣµȺһЧǱֳ˸ɥʬ񣬳ӷԴԴϵĽֳֻսԱҧأ׼ɥʬܼĵطٶȷ𹥻мܼǹʱǵŭȣ
ζ鲼ܣװ׳ڵҲŵ޵ĳζ
һս˺ôһᣬֳǵʤաʧ˴ɥʬȺһ̧߸߶ȷˡ䱸ĻȼҲ֮һ
սֻ֧ˣ
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Щ𿪻ɥʬսԱûôࡣֻøղź˼ɵĿˬʹʹɱôɥʬ
͵ɣɥʬٷɵϣٵǣ
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ӦģСҲֲʦ
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ô£ɥʬôε˹
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ֳҲЩǣǲɥʬһµԸøԶ͸ܵĴڡȻǲܿԽôԶɽҳ
˵ɡ
Ը̾˿ųʵƺҲԽԽࡣɽʱİѾҪʧˡֵҵǣģɥʬǳ˵Ծɲ⡣οڴҵʵмһҲȫ£
Ĺؼɥʬ
ֳ֪취ܴڵɥʬȻǺܻܿɼʧһΣ׼ѡսл׵ĿֲʦǰúһƬԽЩɥʬȥȡһȫ
ɥʬֵĴ̼£Ѹת
ܿ죬ͱֳ


208 µıɥʬ
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ľֲʦСǰھɥʬĵطٿŵУֳ͹˳֮һסмʵֳ˵Щ㲻ʲô
Ͼ˼Ģ⣬ֲ̬кٵġ
ȻֳԳ
ûмֲʦ֮ǰ˵ٶȸܲɥʬԣֻ֡
ɥʬȺ򵥶˸ȦӺ󣬴ɥʬͱУ׵ɥʬ졣һǰɥʬȺгֱֳɱģвƣ
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ֳѾɥʬ׷ӰսԱѸٲϡһʱ䣬ǹ˦ںĶɥʬȷ׷˹
þ䱸ĴֳӵʵѾ췭ظԿɥʬȫ塣һЩɥʬǰ棬һʱɱҲлͲ׼ʱ죡
ûһֻɥʬܹſʮ׵ķΧ
ôҵĶ£һֻ׷ֳܵɥʬ֪ôȻͷˡȻԳӵʵг߶εԸָӣϷҲδزܸɵֻɥʬֳ븶ôԣϽȻջһֻɥʬβ׷ȥ
ʣµֻɥʬɹ
䣡
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ȫ֮£мʵֳҲ˦ǣ
ڣԱ߻ѾεǮԼǮޱʩŮ˶г˱˪㶹֣½ɥʬٶȽȻ󹽿Ʋǲԣֳֻ֣Ȼɥʬ꾧ĸʻ͡ԣΪջϣñֲｫɥʬɵ
Ƕʮױ̴
ֳ£ֻɥʬĵײ˴롣ڣɥʬסˣըĳ˺壬ԽԽ࣡
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ʱսϵԸҲָɥʬǵķǰѾѻ˺ɥʬ֫塣ʮͦǹ£ɥʬ·Ǹһ㣬˲䵹һƬֻĲֽȼߵĶɥʬŸǴ˴鷳
ҪţסˣһĻǹעЭҪһϨװ׳ҲҪˣȫ
أٶŪ䣬£
ע⣬нԶĶɥʬٶע㣡
Ըվװ׳ĶϣݹսһɵıִȥȻһȱɥʬĴɴ΢ţʵռƵҴǻǳɹʤ
ףǣ
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ô£Ҵأ
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ȫע⣬ֻͷСͷнǵɥʬ𣿰£ɥʬȫ𣡡
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֪ԸյͼҴٹʱСֻ࣬ɥʬع
ܿ죬ǹͱըֹͣ
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ٶȺŲۺƺͨĶɥʬ
ɥʬֺЩӵʱôɥʬأԳӵĴ󲿷˵ⶼ̫ңԶһЩֻǺȻЦŪֻ֪Ĺ
ô죿ǲҪɵһЩǹָ͵Ըյˡ
Ըյ˵ͷȴȰɣǵñŪˣ
Ļ䣬һӵȿֺĳšֻɥʬ޻֮ȱ˲ϡӣҶһЩǰĴֻԸյļһ
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ǣʲô֪ĴڣǸɥʬͨ
֪һﷴǸϽ˰ɣ
۷׷ףȻҲ˸˾Ųʮ
ȺУѾϵһֳҲϸɥʬ״Щɥʬɽʵֳ߰˳ɿܾ³ֵɥʬڵϧϴɥʬǵʬ嶼һѻˣɥʬڸʱûȷϣ
ǽɥʬȺεɽͬɥʬǾͿԽٷְٵȷˣ
ɱ˰ɣ걾СĵĴȥϷ˵ʲô֡
ֳĻǾֻɥʬˡ
ʤһ󣬳һССףõȫ¡ߡϷҲʱſ˳λˣʼȫȫĽֻɥʬȻûķԽ˷ΧѲԱ͵ηɥʬȺ
£˭֪ɥʬȺɽǸˣ
һʲôڱָǡĿܣͷнǵɥʬ
һٶⲨɥʬֳǹȻģĹҲֳ֤ǵƲ⣬һеף³ֵĹ
ȻֹαģɣǵĳָڸɽҴӪش˼вЩģС֮ǰҪΪλδӪأ˴ʧ
ƣƺԽΣ
ͬһ̣õأڻ˰ͷصòڿʼǰδеĴ


209 ս
ĩձӵǿأƺһֱûж
ո˴׶̣˸ǧɥʬһ͡ɴԺҲǶɥʬʼմڷؽ׶Ρ׳ʱǼûж
ֱǰЩӺӵжַḻصİͷشȫĺ
ӵ˳Դؿʼ𽥷ø߲ǳĵǣһɲ̫󡢵ȴޱȾ
ĵƣڴڻûȫȥԪڶûʱؾͽȫĶԱ֮ӦģϷȫľġصϡͨжϺ˴Эϡͬһ죬طʮĲӣŴ±ľͬʱ
Уųʮ沿ӣѾʮʱٸͺڲӣ
ЭĹУ˭Ҳ֪ٲĺĽɸ߲ĿģһսѾɡ·ͨϱӣԼ·ߵĸʡлһƬγһĵֿɥʬȦ
ȦǧҴߵļʵݵأ
ƻܹɹշɥʬؽһ̱ʽսۣԼᶨ;ҴǵױȵİӴԺͿݵչԣصĸ߲㣬ǻصĸ߲㣬ǰδеĳƻͶȫ
׶صĹ񣬽죬ǽʮӣʮ򸨾˳ž£ֱصĲӻʦɹ⽫ǶԿɥʬһΰʤʷصдһҳԻͺҫһдǰָӵ壬һߺʤ
ʤ
꣡
ʮҴߵߺ춯أױȵƺ;ġ԰ƵҴ߿һĻɷ׷ײڴѾõһ̣Ƿ׷ʵжʾ˶ص֧֣
ɥʬؽ
뻦زӵĻʦոߡͨϱͨǴϷĻеҴߣĸ߲㣬Ѿõļƻģ
Ϊˣ벻ɳһĲӣǳǹɲŽġʮ˵Сӣ
ǵСûֻ֣һ򵥵ĴS.H.R
û֪һ֧ǿСǴģսʿֻ֪һɥʬͻȻ֣ͻǵӰЩȫܱƷؾֳͻļޡȻͽ֣ҲӦԶɥʬֵĻںֱ£ܶԿɥʬ
Ұսʱһ֧СӵĴڣ޶ȵļɥʬԾӵв
ϧǣ֧޵еСִѸ뿪Ӳ˽ͨʿ˼ظеͬʱҲǵĺ֮ġֻǵľԲS.H.RҲЩź
ȥֻӢСӡҲжʮĲӡȽǧĸ̹˺װ׳
һ֧Ĵκɥʬ޷ֿս£ǰģɥʬ󳱣԰ټƵɥʬĲӺɨ¶ûл֮޾ڻ㸲£սԶĻҪ˳
˿Ľչе˶ģ
ͬʱߵһΣصĲҲ˳ıϡɳĲص࣬ҲͬǾװƽ£·;ɥʬȫ˵Ǽôȥ֧ӵĻʦѾǰ϶£
ֻҪһεĳƻܹ˳ɣǾ࣡
ȻĶǾɥʬۿӾʤʦֻвٹɥʬ͸ɥʬﺣһӿ˹۳һ֧ǰĳɥʬţ
һǧ򣬻һǧֻ߸ࣿ
ǰָӹҲ֪Ǹȷ֣ȴ֪Լǰɥʬ׶ڵɥʬҪࡣУȼֻȳߵġڲͬļһ
һɥʬĳսͽڽǸ۵ĵط
Ȼһע춯صսǷŵ̫籩ҫ߱ǰעҪעڣ˾ߵĻ⣬ط˾Ȼȫ޷֪룬ɽֳǣͲ֪ǧ֮ľжǰսۣ
ľӸɥʬͬһֳ̣üͷ취ӦÿӿɽɥʬȺ
ȻЩ±ɥʬɥʬȺ̫ࡣֳǵʵҲܻɵӦԡǣȥиɥʬȺġʱֳҪᱻҪٳĻʡƺûбȫˡңɥʬڣ㣿
ԣֳڿֹɥʬǽɽȻЩѶȣΪֲɥʬǵϴû˼ҵжǵԼӵеĹ̦޺ʱ⡣
ֿͷŵԶɥʬֲ֪ʹٺʲˣ
ܣҹϰԵֲ޷Ч赲ɥʬҲҹĿҲܳɹֵļӳһԣֳԼȫתһЩҡɵĹ̦޺˱ΧԵǰķΧ˵Ҫʮȫ
ԭִıôһȦ̦޺ʱѿ࣬·𱻷紵ϷӡѿʲôνֻҪʵЧУ
ΨһȱǣЩֲһͻʧȥЧܹǰҲֲܹǰֳֻÿҹɫٵʱҪһȦĹ̦޺Ĺ̦޺ĵ̫࣬ȱ˪㶹ֻһЩʵȫеġ
ӳ⣿
ǰɣһûôˣ
ֳĹ̦޺ܶ೵ӵĳԱЩ档ֳ֪ǧٹֵܣֻҲ̦޺ǻǲʲôáֱֳǽһЩ˲׹
ⶫЧ𣿡
֪֪ɶôļһ˻ǳֻ̬ȵġֻǣļ죬ɥʬȺɽƵԵҴϲѣܰҲϣɥʬԶˣ
뷨Ȼܺãɾܹҹֲڰսֲֳ֣кԶ·Ҫߡ֮ǰĹ̦޺Ȼãȴ𵽹ؼԵЧ
ɥʬȺĻǻֻǱԭȳһЩ
Ľ취ǾҴǵʵֻҪʵǿɥʬȺͳͳͺˡΪˣֳɼӿ˶ԳڿֲʦתֻǳһΣҲǵʵ
֪УֲʦСѾﵽ˶ʮˣǳʮ֮һˣ
ͬʱڲɥʬȺֵĹУֳҲٶȻͻơӡĸ꾧ɹĽмεˮƽ


210 ڻսϢ
мֲʦΣ
߼ֲʦֳ˼ʵһңõֲҲǳáС
ĢĵһǷǳٵ֣ȴǳԶζţֳѻǹʹáֲ̬תµİ£ֳϵĵСܿ˹JS05ϵоѻǹЧ̳˰ף
ֳеֲ̬˵ǵ֮ͷţ
ȻȱҲͬԣǸҹֲһܿͻʧȥֻҹõľѻǹЧҪϼۿۡڣⶫת̬Դҹǣҹ䵹Ҳһܹʹã
ֳٴνԸȻĽӸˡϾһǿϴɥʬʱҲеΪˣеĳҴ飬ֲʦСȫոĻ꾧ֳһˣԱѸһ֣
飬мġƨֳ֪ȷЩġ
ϸһֳǷջܴ顣
ĩԵɥʬǧǧ򣬹һҲӦ˵ġŶӵǿҪһ˵ǹƥЧңڽҪܶ࣬ҴܰæޡʮֲʦһεֳһɳȻ쳣ǿĹؼֲ򻻳ģʮֲʦһĺã
ߣǵܴ񶼿Լǿ϶иԹԣʱһиʵĻᣬЩԹԺͲͻѸٱ
кôҶֵܷһ㣬ǴһŶЧֶΡ
ֳܣֲʦС˻̬˼ֶ֧ӳһоֳķ񶨺ﻹǶ˿Ͼ˭ҲԼ򵽵Ķȫֳ
ԺԿϽһֻ꾧Լ͵ǶһӵȻ뵽İ취ֳͷеĿֲʦСˣϾҲǸԼˡںĿֲʦͰ涨ȱֵ㹻úȡϽɡչ˳ˣܴ̼¼Ŭ򳵶ӿ£
ʱӭһɳиӪصʹ֮ǰüġ·ϲ̫ƽȥЩǱҲƣ

ֳýȻ󵹹ȥһˮ
ĵҲûһ꣬ȻŴ˿һ̾һΣͿˡ·ɥʬΪˣû뵽бҴ·ȥˡǽң
ǻǹ˵ġ
ֳɥʬʵܴ⣬ǿɲһĺˣ
˭˵أĳһͷﶼȫҪ¹شϴԸعĲԸšȻһɥʬǾСЦ
Ŷʲô£
ϴô֣ص˹鲻Сֳϲ¶֣صɫ
Ӧû֪ɣܵʱغͻͬʱʮ˵Ĵؾɥʬ׼жλʦӶͨϱͨߣһ壡
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ֳȻݣû뵽زѣһ־ȻôĶĽɥʬȫ𣬽ͬ߸ĻһƬǹڶԿɥʬսһȫµľ棡
ƻδӰޱԶ
𺳹ֳ˺һᣬʵô֪ģ
ЦЦȻͨŲˣô£ߵĻغܿʹˡҲǴοһ֧ϵ֪ģϢȷϣûɡ
ֳ˵ͷʵǣⳡսĽأ
ܹܹ˳ĲӻʦǽԿɥʬһǰʤһ˾·Ŧ߸ض˳ȫȻ֮ǰ౻ɥʧǷָΧľ档ʱȻĸرɥʬΧҲԴݲ֧ԮѸٵǲӣγɾֲƱ
ô˵ֳϣⳡսܹʤģ
ֻǣĵɫôã˵ս˺ü죬δֳʤ·ɥʬͻصĵҩҲ֪˶ٶ֡ᣬ˵Ѿˡֻǵʤܲô󣡡
Ϊʲôֳе㵣ĵʣϾǼʮأ
ʼ磬˶࣬ɥʬҲడ֪ǧɥʬ˵ǻСԼʡɥʬȥˣиɥʬɥʬ˵ɱ֮ҲΪҲġһǿȵսѸٽǲҪϿ壡
ֳһʵôôࣿ
ң˭ҲɵĵǳɥʬܹƱɥʬɣѵǴ˵еĽɥʬĻǿûˣɥʬôֲĽɥʬ֪ţƵʲô̶ȣ
ӦòĽףһɥʬ
˵ţֳԼͷнǵɥʬϸϸ˵һ顣ָ֪ǿɥʬָܹŴɥʬֱʮȥ
ʵϣҲȷȫµɥʬ֡
ڽؾ˼ǰδеļѼսصǰָҲ±Ĺרǵķ£ܿ㽫ȷԭֱɥʬĹǲһָ֪Ľ
ֶʱѸٽĶ׸֪ɥʬŸߵշ˾޴鷳
ָӹ٣ܶߵڶ߱ͻƣ֧Ԯ
гʮɥʬսʦʧһǧˣΣ
棬S.H.RСɥʬͻϮˣʱ
صָӲҪҷǰǿ֧Ųסˣ

һϢ˷벿ӵǰָޱͷۡ
֮ǰΪԼμƻӦ˳ɣȻעҪʷġϧ籾ƺ˵⡣˳˳ˮǵĴڽ۵ĵطǰδеǿѻɥʬǷ·ɱ֮ʿʧȥʤģΪǵʵ̫ˣ
һеģųֵĸ֪ɥʬ
֪ˣ͸ǰɳˡϧ߲˼ɥʬҪS.H.RСӳ͡ϧɹĸ̫ˣôܹҲŶʮˣðǰָţ̲סְԹеָ֪ɥʬϡǣԼӦѾص˻ʦˣ

һ֮ڻȡͻԵĽչμƻ¾ҪܴˡǾôȥԼλÿ¾ЩˡЩѾõˣ϶취ڴˣǰָ̲סԤҲͶ˽ȥҪ󣬲ϧһдۣҲҪǿдͨǰĵ·
ֻҪܻʤʧЩҲʲô
ȴ֪ԼЩçײ֧ģӴԶʧأ㱻ȫڴˣ


211 ܺ׼Ľɥʬ
س֮⣬ɥʬеĳ䡣
һֻ׸֪ɥʬ˷ܵɱŶسǽļҴߣ֮ǰûõշߵĶҲûü㿪ܲҵıǧɥʬΧ˸ţ
£ֳ޷⣬οǼͨˣ
⼸ùļһȫɱ׸֪ɥʬƺǵõ㡣ŭһȻʼһεĽ˿˿ɫ˿ߴӿԴϽ֯һѪɫƤ
ΧɥʬƺǳηһһֻɥʬҲʮ⡣
ֻ׸֪ɥʬԭھ߶һСׯǸׯûʲôرģֻһʯûǸֳõʯһĶΧɥʬֻ࣬˵ɥʬʯĺըɥʬʱѾ׵ɥʬˣ
ǰȻ䣬ڵ׸֪ɥʬ
ٺշ߼ƻֻ̨׸֪ɥʬ˴ɥʬǰصľӡɱ˴ҴߣǳԵˣֻȱͼߵ׸֪ɥʬȻĽɥʬ
ٶȣµĽɥʬֿ˴꣡
׸֪ɥʬĽڼһվɫԽԽ죬ϵϢҲԽǿ󡣿ϧûǣ߿ֱҲηɥʬѾɳȻǿǰһĻֱõĻһ𵽾Ч
ϧǣΪ߻ֻ̫׸֪ɥʬڵ֧ɵĽ̲˾ųɣƫƫһͷͣ
ɹͷϵĽӦñø󣬶ҳһԵģ
ڵȴǣֻɥʬͷԭе֧ࡣ³ֵĽֻ¶һ㣬ͺˡֻ׼ĽɥʬתֻܷŭһԷйķŭ
ɥʬܣǿ˼֣ѾԼó˼ˣ
ûɹȻ֪ԼһûɣԺٴν͸ˡԣⷢйԼķŭָ߽ɥʬԵͽɥʬ壬ҲΧɥʬ˵ԽԶ
ûĽʵԾɸ׸֪ɥʬ֮
ؼһǣסɥʬֻΧɥʬȴǿпΧɥʬȫԼ£
ΧسǵǧɥʬУֻһ˽׼Ľ׵ĵ·ԣûκɥʬܸɥʬĿȨֻѪɫĹ﷢йһڿʼܿƵ£ʼĶصĲӷ
һָӣɥʬƾܸΪսȫֻ׼ĽɥʬҲֻô㣬ȴԸıսˣ
ң׼Ľ׵ɥʬ֪һǵһǣ
ǺصľӺȻ֣Լܵѹ·ɥʬ·˷ܼһ㣬һһķûǰ϶ʱ䡣ߣɥʬҲȫţټƣӵı㷢ͻϮ
սѾ˼ֹв˼
⧲֮£ü߱ͻơֻ׼Ľɥʬָ£ΧɥʬѸٸȱڴһӵϣķߺʿʩ˾޴ѹ
һʱ䣬漱֧ԮϢѩƬһɵǰָڵָӲ
صģֻɥʬķ񣡡ǰָȻ΢ЩԼӵʵԾмģҼƻôʧܵĺҲʹðգߣӵǰҪһͻǰɥʬصĲӻϣ
Ҫǿһ
Ȼ˵ǣҪעһˣ
׼Ľ׵ĸ֪ɥʬƺע⵽㣬ƾǵǻۺͱܣȷӦԡĿ£ǰɥʬȴɥʬȴǼҪɥʬѾĺֱӲ룬Ѿǳƣشһ
ϣǰָӹٲϴߴѹϣϵͻƺҲ֤ľȷɥʬҪסˣ
ϧǣǰѻɥʬѹĳ̶ʱɥʬǵѺһӼǰ̹˳װ׳ѹɥʬʬǰ壬Ծиɥʬǰ̵Ķңʱиɥʬӱĵط֧Ԯʿۿžܳɥʬǵķߣƫƫһ߾ǲУ
Ϊʲô
һߵʿǾϣȻľʼսǳʱ߰ʿѾĥȥĲˡķսôãѾûмȥ
ͬһʱ̣ӿĺϳɥʬҲ֮ʼֱײ

ɥʬS.H.RСӣ
ǰָӹٺָӲΪټһܳɹͻƵʱ򣬺ͻȻϮԮǵĺΡտʼʱǰָӹٻͼ׼Ľ׸֪ɥʬһɺܿ죬Ǳסˣ
Ȼ֮ǰѹϵ̫ͣûκκָ֡ӹֲʱȴһʱ㹻ս
ͬһʱ̣ɥʬҲĹһֹѹյһݣ
νɽ֮䣬ǧʿɥʬɵһƬҡ
ô
ֻʿ;٣ҲʡָӲ˽ЭҲֻ÷ǿάһᣬҲΪ̡
пʵǰָӹʶշߵļƻѾǲܵˡˣҪǵγȥܲȡϵĴʩѾгױƵĶʮ򲿶ӾҪȫˣ
Ҫ֪عľǾôɥʬǶ˵һޱȳصĴ
Ϊ˻أΪԼ뾡ܵİѲӴȥ
뵽ǰָӹٲԥ֮ǰȻ˴к͸õĴ󣬵ǺЩˮƽġʶ²ΪѸ侲ʼһķҺʦΪĲӡЩܻ٣Ѿû취ȥˡڣɥʬгҪģ
һս־֧£ʿ˳ԭ·˽سǡ
ʱԭʮĴѾʮˣľʸǱ洦
֧ɱɥʬս˵ҲƻԻ͡ؼĿġշȴûɡܴﵽԤڵĸĿ꣬ǻɱٶɥʬҲûáΪжķôʺɲǳȥɥʬģ
Ȼ֪㣬սҲѾ֡ڸı䣬ʱǲܡ
ǰָӹ֪㣬ֻȻĴԪ˵Զءһ̣Ҳĳҵֳʱ
ش޹ϢûڸסߵĸغҴߺܿõ˵һֵϢͨ;𽥴˿ʱֻŽ׼Ľ׸֪ɥʬѾʣµĽǧɥʬʼĴɨˣ


212 ɥʬ
ǧɥʬһֻ׼Ľ׸֪ɥʬ쵼£ɨǸһֲĻ棿
֮ǰû˼ǸɴӾߵĻս߻صҴǱҿǵصɥʬмɥʬβų׷ȥʣµɥʬԾɲ
˾ǣɥʬнġΪڶɥʬ
ǿʵ˼ʡĻػһս֮⣬ĻȫסǾߵĸغԾӪأȫǱһ֪޻֮Ҵǲòǰ
ܵĿģܴɥʬӵһܵģ߻Ĵҵģһ⣬ȫɥʬײеɱ
صļƻԭĳޱõġɻսʧܺ󣬷ٽ׼Ľɥʬĳ֣ԼӴʬȺֻѪɫ׼Ľɥʬ£ӴʬȺʼĴεϱزɥʬھ߸һƬѪȷ磡
ȻһЩͻرƣ׼ĽɥʬʼòĿ£ɥʬʼ˳Żس·¡ݻغЩɥʬתϾȻ˳ųһ·
Ȼľٶóæļɹ
ɥʬƶٶȵȻ쵽ȥЩɥʬȴʤҹͣһ·ɨ£ɥʬȻ½˳ζεļȻҲʧܶ࣬мһɥʬԾ֮࣡
֪УӴɥʬѾ人ء
뾣ҲѾԶˡõϢɳи۵˸üͷչ֪ӦЩɥʬЩ½˲ٴζαƻӳҴߣԾӪصһӱǵˡϴտʼʱͦˣڣĸ˲ˣ
ô죿
ϴ߲һҹ󲻵òƵķ֣ǰֻм·û֮ǰǻȫתƵϵĴֻô࣬ټϸʡͳ취ѾЩˡңһɥʬͻȻأ䵽ʱæңǰ׼
ʱϴɰԼǰȥֳΪ˸Լ·ɥʬڵִﾣǰͳˣǿԵʲô¶ûһɥʬĽƾݣǾͿֱӳɽУ
һǸֳйϵ뾣㹻Զĺѩ˵ҲƫƧɽȫӦò⣡
֮ɳи۵Ӫٴӭ˲ѵҴߡ
һΣ人صĸ߲ԾסЩɥʬѡ롣˲Ȱ˵ִҪͽ⣬ҴǷ׷Ļ롣ߣд˸ɴɽ£Ϸܣ
ûֵɥʬ人̺һ󣬾˶˿Ϊͣ˽ŲʱȻֶ϶ˡûκľ׵壬ܿͽ
ڱɥʬĽ£ݵĹٷؾѾҡҡ׹ˣû⣬ǰ붼ѡɳиԾӪصһ׼ֻɥʬʱѡ룡
ʱֳҲ֪ϴĴ㡣
Ҫɽݱܷͷ𣿡
ĵ˵ͷ֮ǰҹ֪ͨھս£ʵѾһ˼׼ɵʱϴҲͶһ۶ѣ˭Щɥʬ˳ųˡһ·֪Ҵ߲һĵִﾣݣӪص˾ͻ᳷ʱ򣬻ϣϴչһ£
ðɡ
ɳиӪصˣֳǱŲܾ̬ȡ˵˶Ǽ¡ӦģɥʬܹӦǵĿҲԽ󡣶ңе㵣ϴǻ龰ܿܲ󣬵ѱǵ»ûʲô뷨
ʱصҲһȻ󲨡
ڼɥʬ׷£ǱصĲѾʮˡ뵱ʮĴ˳£Ƕôķ⡣Ź˶ãô˾սܷأӸĳ֮࣡
ûһ¾ҲͰˣʧĲٴʵԽܣ
λߵǰָӣĵλ϶Ǳסˡǻм˱һ£ҪϾ·ͥǹӡλü򵥣ʰµ̯Ӳؼ⡣ɥʬ˳ųһ·Խ
ʲôȰѺöԸĻعƣ𣿡
ɥʬǿʲô±仯ɥʬĿȷȺôأһͳһָӲܰ쵽ġȻƾɥʬԼıЭز
һɿĽɥʬˣ
ⲻܣ˾ͽԺʿĲҲû߻ҲҪԺ󣡡
ôͣ
֪ȱǸˣǿӦǰﵽɨɥʬɡǼȥ³ĻؾҪȫ߸ˣ
˭֪ɥʬ׵ˣ人ݣֻʡݣ
һڴ۷׷ף˭Ҳ˵İ취ʧȥǺ͸߿أ鱨ĻȡҲǴˡûеһֵ鱨Ҳ֪ô
оͶúɣüɥʬſܵĸ߼ɥʬһ
֪˭ĻûƽϢۣ÷ø
ҷԣӡȵǰ֮ԲٶúˡҲ˵ֹʣûôصĺ֢Ҳ֪ɥʬǵľλáǷƫˣǰװ׺Լˣ
ʲôʱˣô˼ɣҪ˵շߵʱӦöáҵĻһɥʬͬʱ·
źٶȱӣﳹʱһ֪ĴкȻʲôҪ˵ǼǿS.H.RСӵǵʵεıΣҾͲ˵ˡʵ̫٣ϲסԽԽɥʬ˵һӣ
⻰һҳװ
S.H.R⼸ĸ·ֽɵħһ㣬ǶʱסڡӽޱصС飬缸ûκ֪ǵݡƫƫ֪ǸƻһСˣ
Ĭ˺һ󣬲˽Ŀڵǵĳɹʵ̫ˣ֮󣬲ĿǰܳܵģңûУһǵĴй©ȥֻS.H.Rʵ󵽿԰ǵĳ̶ȣ³Σ
иһ㶣ʵʱˣԼͬ𣿡
Цһ˶ǻģʱͬ⣬һʱ嶯ûܿǵȫʼձǸӻȥ˵ǻ᲻͵ӵ̬ȡʱǱɥʬҪصѣ
絽󣬻һ׳İ˾ҲҪˣS.H.Rȴһ¡³ֵ˿ٳһ֧¶顣Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ֻ֮ԽֹӴƺ⣡


213 ɽ
ɥʬûи̫õʱ䣬ܿ죬ģڰĵһɥʬɱ˾ݡ
û뿪ľݻֻС죬ͱɥʬơҴߺ;ֻһС룬ʣµļȫɥʬڡͬʱɳиӪصҲ౿صĶͳǿеװ˴
ֻǧ˵Ĵϣʯںӵ֧˹ȥ
СӪصҲɳиӪشһģȻһǧˡ
һĻ˲ҲѵûиǷִ˳ķŴӹȥˡʵϣ˲Ҳִͣһݱ£ָһùľǣɳи۴ӿȥúҲʰųˡ
ȥģ
˵ȥɽ
ɽ˵Ӧǰʡİɣ
ϵ˿Զ½ֵɥʬٲ˵ʲôвɫӵĿԶȥĹ磬ã֮ǰɥʬȻͣǺôлؿסڣɥʬȫɨǱҪ뿪磬洬ǰһδ֪ĵط
һԺ󣬴ʯں֧ͷˡ
ɳиӪصȷѾֳϵϣ£ֳӳ˴æЩæӳ߻س뵽ҴߡΪ̫࣬ǲòǰ˲ȫɽ
ֳĴ¶Щ˵ļ뻹ǳֻӭ̬ȵģɫٲЩ档
ܵ˵ͬ򳵶ӵ״νӴǺܺгģӵѩҲů⡣λɽĳӣЩҴҲ˼̤ʵСǱΪǴĻɽأû뵽ôסģ
ϴˣ¿ԷΪ֧ӡ
ЩУϴʵǿһ£½ɵ⻹һٶ˵Ķ飬Ǵ人سġʣµģһЩɢҴԷһġ
һɽʱ֧
ΪɽֳǵĳӻûܵκγƵķϵװ׳ӣԼػǹκˡȻͼð̽һ£ҲرսԱļ̬ȸŻȥˣ
ΣϴӪˡ
ǵ࣬ʲôҲֳĳӱӪضԵЩ硣˵ҴָоϴԼҲ̫Ըĳ㣡
ֳĹϵռ֮ǰڵű
ʣµˣʵʹͲˡ
Ϊû㹻ĵطסЩҴֻʱ񡣺¶Ѿ𽥻Ȼ˵㣬ҲסˡЩǱҴҲںôࡣֻҪûɥʬ㹻ȫǾˣ
ֻǣżֳӵ˱ǵͻһʧĽ
ǴҶǵҲûʲôҶûµʱһ¹ȥʱ⣬Ȼ̾һɲԶɽϣЩ˾ÿóԺúȡԽܵǣǾ˵ܳʵ߲ˣ
һ㣬̼ЩҴߡ
ĩôˣҵĳʳһЩʳƷôóҵθڶôáڱ˵Ե߲ˣһ룬ﶼˮ
һʱ䣬ɽ̨ϵǼϲЩҴעĶ
ҲûҴߴŵɽԶԶ͵ð͵һ㡣ϧر˿صļܣûǰᡣͷļһﱻкɽµҴǶ࣡
ɽϵֳȻҲ֪㣬ƲһȦ⣬ֶһɽ¿ϰߡڵ֪ɽЩҴǵ뷨ֳԸһ󣬼ʱƳ˳żƻǼˣһµĿ󣬾ܻøͨԱһĴǱֵĺãܻʳ߲ˣ
ԭ֮ǰǲûųӡôɢҴ߾ɽ£ǻסᣬǾ̫ԲԼˣ
߲˵ջԼЩĸ£ɽµҴȿֺıʾԸ롣
һ㣬ֳȻҲԤϣǰʾĿĵŶԳӲûкôһг嵥ĩǰһ֮˲ŶصɵĶ󡣴⣬ǿ׳ŮǵڶȵĿꡣʣµģǿˡ֮ӿɲǸԺΪһЩó˻ӵĵط
ѡֳǳٴһٶ֡
ڣӵѾʮˣ
סǸ⣬Щ¼Ȼɽ°ᵽɽϣֻס񡣲ǵĴʳ棬Ӷٶ貹
ǵǵĿɿԻֳ̫ͣûֱӸܵ¡ϢԭȵĳѾ棬̫ãֳĿҪ£һʱ仹ġôһλںϵʱ䣬Щ¼˶ԳӲУ
ֳǵĶϴҲ׷ٴˡܿ죬ֲԸ롰ֻ֯ʣʮˡʣµҴߣ֧Ϸ֡
ǵļֲû̫ܳã
Ҫֳ֪Ƕʮ๫дɥʬġ֮ǰȻһȺ½ɱһЩвڸεɽµȺЩɹɥʬɸȥǵ鷳

Ҵ߾ǹڴȺɥʬǰȴԵ൱ܿ죬߰Ҵ߱Ⱦ֮£ֳϴĶ鶼лԸɥʬ⡣人֧Ҳ˶ƣǿԶԿһԱȣɽµֻܱȷԼļ֣
ʱ䣬ɥʬռ˾ݣֽ˲ֻ׼Ľɥʬɱ¾ƺڵõ㡣ɥʬ˲εţûм
ǵĴԾɸ˸Ҵ߻شѹЩɥʬƺͣ˼Щ½룬ов֪ôġ
ԭƽɽΪһӿôˣʱ
Ȼһ࣬ҲͶȻԼҴ֮仹ǲʱͷ硣ԴˣֳҲֻóӵ˶СġܼȫˣȴûǸҪ˸ǽ
Ͼ㡣
ûһڣҴΪһԲ϶֡ǸԽϤȻûҶǹֻǿȭͷڴܣ˲СıˣȻӾ˲ͬĽţ󱻼ʱֹ˵Ҫֱڧˡ
أɽɥʬǻ⿴һĻ
һֳͬĵЩҴߵļ˸Զɥʬע⡣ܿ죬һ֧ģһҵɥʬȺٶɽҲʱҴڲìܺͷʱѹ
ֳӻãΪľ¼˺ܿҵԼλãҲӦĳӡһ˺ö˵ϴЩͷˡӪڲԱʱͷȥľ˵ǶԿɥʬˣ
人ӵҲһʱͬ鲻̫
󣬸ɵⲨɥʬĻ䵽ֳĳϣ


214 Σٽ
һɥʬֳǵĳ˵Ȼ⡣
ƽǵ˼ЩɥʬȽֲʦСΪһӪصҴߣǲʲô˼ֳɳ˴£׼һս£
һʮ˵Ķ飬װ׳ػǹͻͲǺġ
һ֧ɽϴǺ人ӵ˷׷ˡ۲Ա㿴һֳǵս
ĸǵɫֳûб˾ѻɥʬ׼ǽЧ̺󣬻ǹеͻͲļХһ𱬷ıըУɥʬ˲ͱըƬ
ֻɥʬԽҪǳ
ɥʬ
ս۲Ա󺧣ɫ԰סǸղرսԱıЩģ͵ͷˡ
ɥʬҲһʱˣ޲ߺڵҴǶҲЩ顣ҪľǲܵͷܣһǹԼ˵أôϧ۶ܻʧһˣȴЧĺЩɥʬǰո
˿ֳװ׳ͻڣлͲֻҪϧۣܸɵ⼸ֻɥʬģ
ֻʧȽϲذˣҲײԸɥʬǿսԭ
Ȼսַչȴ˵Ԥϡ
ɥʬرսԱŲæ·ûпһ㣬ԹԵĶԺɥʬǺпֲʦСڣ⼸ֻɥʬвǡټ龰ҲǵһμˣԾȻûɧ
ǵ򾲣ȴ۲Աʧˡ
򰡣ɥʬ˼ֱţͬʱڣԼʱΪʲôûѣ
ʲô
֪˭һ䣬ʱսԱЦ˳
ɸ۲Աˣһߵͷɥʬ복ӷ߰׵ʱ򣬵ͻȻ˽ıըֳͲõ
¡¡
׽ӶıشǼֻܵķɿɥʬ
Ϊûǰܵ뷨ֳǰɥʬϣҪŵϡƬ̫ײٿţټĻͲװ׳ϵ⼸ֻóȻͻĹˣ
ԭôף
۲ԱŻȻΪֳӵĲƴ𾪡
޷һЩǺĵ𣡡ֳν̬ԽզͬʱҲ˼־η
Щģĩܹȭͷϴ
̵Ĺɥʬ㱻رսԱ׽𣬶Ҽݱ뺷ս۲Ա˾̾Ҳ˵ġԼӦЩɥʬ¾Ҫʧࡣǻȥѿһ˵ϴ人ӵҲ׷ױʾ˾ȺͲš
ϴ󻹺ãϾֳӴҲ֪ܵ¡֮£人ӵָӹٿɾޱˡɥʬԼȫ
ǵǶǿĻ飿
ⳡսĽǣӪصϴ󶼿ʼԼԼ£һֳˣ
Ҳֳϣġ
ʱ䣬ӷ·ƽÿܶɥʬٵɽǹģĻϻǿֳǵĳ𣬻߸ɴ٣ϴ人ӵ˽ȻʧҲ˼룬ɽڵ˴ܱȶ
֪Уʱߵ˶·ݣۿžҪˡ
ǶʮĽĿʼҲζŴҪˡڹȥĶ죬Ҵ߶ͲܸϽȥɻǺ˶ԵʣȻҪˣ¶ȻǻҲʱСȵĽ¡
ΪˣԸûٱԹҽϷȴǳ෴̬ȡ
ɥʬûǰһֱźãһΨһɢһ߱ԼĹ۵㡣
Ϊʲô
Ըеɻ󣬶ǿҲ˵Դƺѯʴ𰸡
Ϸ˿ǣ֮ǰ˵ôѩ͵Ȼ˼Ҳɥʬһš룬ǵƶɱ¾õѹơһů±ѹѾõɥʬᱬһֵĹ
أɣԸշǼɥʬӾһ·£ȻӺݴ˾ݣǶԶĳ˵ǿҹͣĽƶ⻹ѹƣһ˷ܼƵģ
㶮ʲô
Ϸһ˵ЩɥʬԭҪǱ߼ɥʬˡ㿴Ļأ˱⣬ɥʬƵȴûô˵ɣߣɽɥʬȻûôϣȴûкܴģģһ֤ɳиӪҲˣûɽϣȴͬû̫ģϮ
˵Щ
Ըĥһᣬֻô£һ߼ɥʬѵĽɥʬ𣿲Ӧôֵİ
Ϸʼ磬ǲĽɥʬҲֻ˵һܡ֮̾˲ݵЩɥʬֻǸ
ֳҲǡǵ̸ʵô˵һҲģɥʬඣôʱɥʬӦñ˺ܶɣɥʬܶӦҲŶԣ
ֳϷ˵ͷȻ˵ԼĿ˵ô˵ɶӳˣɥʬֻһ֡ЩɥʬҲ𽥵ĽšҸ˵ĿǣɥʬܾܿǽвҪ֪ĩǰදɱ̫ˣȻǱɥʬĸҲͣҪɥʬģ
ǣ컹һɡ
ֳɲϣԼʮɥʬϮ֮£ڵ⡣ÿܶɥʬɱЩɥʬֲвǡ
ԣϣټһʱ䡣룬ҲҪܽ߼ֲʦľ磡ȻϷĻһʯͷѹǵؿڡκΣı仯ȻĿƣǵ־תơڴϢٺ󣬵Ļѩȫڻ¶Ҳ𽥻
Ϸ¶ȣڵİʡȻԾƫ䣬Ѿٽӽˮƽ
ֻǰҴΪ˻ѣסʱڿԲðˡȻϷɥʬ㹻оȴʼġɥʬһָĴɾҪӼˣ
ǲ죬룬ֳԸоӿɽɥʬˣ
Եľǣɥʬһҡ⣬ɥʬռıҲӣһиϷ˵ͬУɥʬɥʬèɥʬǡɥʬ廨ŵĹﶼУҴҪϰ죡
Ϊˣֳ¼ǿѲߣиģɥʬȺĸͻȻ֣Χסǵı
Ӱ죬ϴǺ人ӵҲ


215 ȫѻ
ɽΧڣͣ·߸ϡдͷһԶһĴɨһۡ
ʮġͦļһ棬ֳյսԱ֮һڱֲر˸ΧѲߵСӳʵֻܹܵߵ˾ȴǴ
ͷҳҲǰ;£ܿͳ˳ӵļᶨ֧ߡ
죬еѲߡΪɽɥʬȽ϶࣬Ҳͦæ䵥ɥʬֱӻоˡǹģϵģϾҪ¼ȻѸͨˡ
ۿŵ˻Էʱ䣬۲һԶʼȽˡûӣ͸оԼ΢
ָо֮ǰйֹһΣ
ȺɥʬѸٽӽ
ѹ˳ʱеҲͬ쵽⡣ͨԶĹ۲죬Ȼһ֧ޱӴɥʬѸٽӽ˵Ҳ߰򣬾ЩģΪӴһ֧ʬȺ
ãȥͨӣ
۲һɫ԰ϽһѸٿءȻǳԾˡⲨɥʬûɽڸͣûúԶ½ɥʬȺε˹
ֵܣʲô£
Ӱڸ飬Щǡ
ָָɽڣɣöɥʬ
ӰΧѲԱԶ⣬ɫҲΪɥʬڲӣҲûʲô˼ȥˣԼʱ̽䱸šڵĳӸһԼҵĸоۿɥʬƻطȻ뾡һ
̶̼СʱĹɥʬǵͳʮ
˶ע⵽ԣǳӽɽģ֡ңЩɥʬӣ
һɥʬͳ˶ʮ򡣳ȥ֮һɥʬ⣬ʣµĴһ׵ɥʬгʮֻɥʬҲЩɥʬΪֲɱ֣
𣡡
һֽкЩɥʬƺƵĳɽڽˡ
õϢԸǾľѸӦԴʩȻطǾֻѡԿʡѡսصʲôľͲ˵ˣУҪľŽһпŽ
ôɥʬƾֳסģӪؼһ𶼷ǳǿԣֻһǧȫܾȫп
ң⻹ҪֳĿֲʦСȫ¡
ʲôʮɥʬɽˣ
õֳһʱͨϴ人ӵĶӳޱȾʶķӦǣӣֳֿ֪뷨ϸǰ죬ҧ˵ֿ
ֵֿܷǷ˱ˮһսľģͺ˵ˣ
ʮɥʬɽˣҿܰɣĳΨ²ҵļһ￪ʼƻˣʱɢҡ
ļٵģӻû죬ЩļһˣһЩӽɽõЩᣬϾҪطҪùĶࡣŸհôɥʬҪأ
ģɥʬǵֿף嶯ˣȺò۳ɢҲɴ˸£͵͵Ŀʼʰˡ
ô˵ĵϢһҴм˾޴𶯡󲿷ֵҴ߶ǰ仰뷨ֻ˲űŸʮɥʬӲƴһͷУֿǿȻҲֳǵˡϴӪغ人ӣǿȥҲܻ֣ͣͬʱȴ׼ʼ롣
飬ҪԼ·
ϴĻƺеϾһЩҲ˵û֮ǰҪսܵ׼ײҪעһ
Ȼ˸ɥʬսսһսû򣬾ͿʼʰǺʿġͬʱҲһźţİʾҴ롣ֳҪǱôԼƺҲܲǣֻ֮֮ˡ
ģǴԼĳӡ
ΪĹ̦޺ֲڣɥʬִʱԤҪࡣھĪԼʮһɽϣֳǵܼƳ˰ٵսԱｨ˷ߡ
װ׳ʮǹͦɫ׺ͻ
ܶʤģϴ人ӵĶӳó˾󲿷ʵֳǰѳӵսԱȫĵ˳׼ݺݵľѻǰɥʬȻֿܵľʮּᶨֳҲûһҪǷıͻƣǾͻѡɽһ߳롣
ʮ׼˰ٶսԱҲȫԴԶʮɥʬÿ˵ﻹûе
ֶӳЩĵҪǻеĻͶ˰ɣˣϴǻֳףɥʬִǰҵ
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Сʱ󣬾Ӹµǿ᫵ɽ·ͷ˴ƬɫӰžЩӰҲԽԽǴȺɥʬɥʬǵĳ֣еĲսԱһս
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һĻֳɰҡҡͷûһ֧սӣȫսǲ̫ܵˡΪ˷ֹɥʬһͱֳòȥҵϴ人ӵĶӳϳһҶսӣ
ûӵǰԳ
Щɣֳļֺǿƶ£ͨˡܿ죬ʮֳ΢˾վһܣǾͻĻУ
ɱڵע£ǰİ˰ˣӭɥʬһĳ


216 ֲʦСս
Ϊܵɽ·ƣһɥʬ࣬ҲͲǧֻ
ЩɥʬͨһɥʬԲѶԸǽֳ̺һ£еĲսԱȿֺĿ۶˰ӿɽϳɥʬ˲
עⱣ֤ĳǹ鲻Ҫһ𿪻𣡡
۲ԱעɥʬĶһ֣ûڴ
ָӵĸ߲սңʱʲôֳҲۣϸˮɽӿɥʬ
Ϊûȥ⹴ԳصɥʬǳȻķֲɥʬԷɢҲɥʬжΡķֲֳǿֵѹ̫󣬿ԸЩĲȵҴһʱ䡣ӦģҲڸæң
ʱЩսҴǻûʶ㡣ֻ֣ɽµɥʬһ̣ͱܼĻѸսȻڻƣǳԡ
л̵̻˳һԼĻ˼ġ
ֳѡսص൱ɥʬǱؾ֮·һСɽϡɽĵ·Ƚխ¶ҲͦʺСģľѻսɥʬǶʮչҶ͵¶Ȼһôǲõɥʬǵ֫ѻ磡
˴ĵƣټϼܣֳŸ԰˰ŶԿʮɥʬ
ŴɥʬĶϣҴǵѹʱ
ͨĲǹǹԸɥʬЧ̫ԡֻػǹǳߵĳʼܺ٣ܸɥʬϴɱˡɵصɥʬȫɶɥʬʱЩˡ
ʱԤ׼õļСھĻھͷˡ
ھ䱸ʱֳҵڣвһĴھڡϧǣڶʿҪ󼫸ߣֳҲרҵڱ֮£ЩװBMP-3ͿھСȺͲٿѶȶҪǰǶԸɥʬԸɥʬͶɥʬǺܲġ
ܼıը𣬲üְڱεǣȻСھĻڣʱƫˡ
ҴжʱһƬ͵͵
ڣרҵڱʱҲҪУԪġСĵĵκڵ׼ȷǰɥʬȺбըˡ˴󣬶ɥʬòսֱ˻ȥ
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ˣЩɿƽصɥʬǹǶɥʬĿ־塣
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ֳܲΪʲôôǳԸջͷִк£ֲʦС˾Сĵıܿ磬վƸߵϡ
λãǰɥʬҲֻʮף
Σգ人ӺϴӪص˲ԣΪЩҪϽסǡɾǸӣϵҲ̫˵㣬ǻе𣿶ңЩ˼֣ʲô
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һ̣ʮ˵ĿֲʦСǴ۽硣ɥʬ˲䣬ʮɫļǽˢˢĳǰֻɥʬʱײ˼ǽϣ
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ԸաǮ㡢ƽʸֲʦһΡ߶ˣ
ʳ˻Ҳצĸߵǳ
Ȼֻɥʬ൱׺ڶʮֲʦĬϻ£Щܲס
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ûֳӵеܣʵǰЩࡣֶѵΪʲôЩ˶ӵУֻ˵ǿԴڸ˵ģ
һ뵽ϴʱѾãս꣬ԼҲҪҹȥһܣ
˭ûи˵أȻʮϴͬҲ⣡
Ҵ߲֪ЩܵǶֳԽͨ˵ʵɷǳֻŹս˶ԸɥʬԴԴɥʬڼ߲Ĵ£ǲŻع۶
ǵע⻹ǷֳڿֲʦСϡ
ֳҲݹսֵͬʱҲѴ󲿷עԼֲʦСϡϾЩԼѾҾǲСʧǵɣ׼ĳ֣ЩϰĬҲȽϸߣʱܶԿ
ȻǵʵԸֻɥʬЩǿˡ
ԸաǮǵʵֶԿɥʬ㹻ˡЩųĶε˿ֲʦԾ͸ˡȻȫ߶ܣԱ˪㶹ӵٵɥʬҲʮʵǸտʼ䲻Ϯֻɥʬڿˡ
ֲʦС黹Ҫĥ
ܶǵıѾΪ⣬ֳǰ̾˿ԼٶȷӹȥԽߡҲΪ׺ֻɥʬȻ󹽡ƺֻɥʬתǹڣһֻͬ˵ڵϣ
һһȥ൱ɥʬֲֻʦСѹʱ
лȻɱ˵ͷ
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217 ֳȫ
ѵۻˣôֻɥʬԼ˺ҧˣ֪˭˵һ䣬ʱ˵˴ҵ
ֹ֣Լǻǿ˸߲ҵġ
Ӧֶӳ˰ɣղſವһȥȻֻɥʬѱӪˣЩ˺ܿ쿴࣬׷׳ԽͣⷬٲڶҴмһ
ôܿɥʬ˵ʲôҲţΪֻɥʬֻǡ÷ˡ
ЩУôͲܿɥʬˣͬ˷ǿڸɵֻɥʬֻͬɥʬͷɽµɥʬɱȥǱ˵ļǲȻɥʬ϶ȹģ
ʲôʲô»ȥۣɱɥʬ
ֳǷģǻֹʱֹǵֲۡʦСǳӰನȴԶûʧ֮ǰԼΪԵֵĿֲڣô׷ױֲʦС˸ɵҴǲʿǿȻֻɥʬɱʣµɥʬӦҲ⣡
սӦܻʤأ
ֹ۵̬ȺܿҴмǵǹһЩϴ人ӵĶӳҲ˿ֳֻɴࡣ
ղɥʬֻռɽɥʬʮ֮һѣ
ǽʧŭɥʬǰɣһʱ䣬ɥʬصԽԽǿһЩȸߵĶɥʬһȱƽذ׵ľ롣ѾķΧˣ
ǰûԷ𣿶ɥʬ׵ķΧ
֪ϵشһЩ߲Ƿ׷׼£ÿǹѾЩеٶȱһһʱ䣬ѾЩصɥʬٶȱ˻ȥ
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ˣ
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ѵһս٣
ܵסһƣǾȵȡʤǲܣǳҪʧأȻȻɽˣֳȻϣĽ֣ȭȫתޣ˶ų˻۵Ľɫ⻪
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䣡䣡䣡
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شɥʬףҲֻЩ˶ѡ
Ҫͣװ׳ϵĻأȫ𣡵һߵԱ׼ףҸƴˣ
ĸ߲Ȼ£Ǽʱȷ˲ǹǹھѻϵɥʬ⣬ʣĻȫЩɥʬϡԱ߿ֲʦСı˪㶹ӵ£ʮֻɥʬȳԵ˺
˼ʮ׺ǰļֻɥʬЩסˡڻǼƿУܼıըǰɥʬ
ȻЩԶԶ
ٶȥЩɥʬܳǵءʱһͱңɥʬǵȺУǾһһߵĴɱˣ
ؼʱֳ̣Ľɫ
𺳡ע£ֳ·ɱһ㣬ĸٳȥһ˲䣬ϽɢʹâȻ󹽡ڼײɥʬʱһȣ˷Ծ𣬴ֻɥʬķ϶в˹ȥͬһʱ䣬ֱַֻɥʬ
ĿܱѹƺֻɥʬֳĿܡ
ļʱ£ֻɥʬȻתߵɥʬ˾֡⧲£ֻɥʬץ˸šȻɥʬܲɥʬɽȥ
һӣͽֻɥʬ˦˶ʮף
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ṦֻɥʬץסԱߵͬ飬󶪣
ֳͺʱ뵽İ취ò˵ЧǳжɱˣֻǵͣͬʱǰĽŲ
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գ
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𣡡
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龰ԤĻҪ
תŲɥʬǶ˻ȦӺЩɥʬѾҵ˽ӽʮֻ⻹вٻٵˡ߶ȽŵֳҲļ󣬶ͬʱסֻɥʬҲ˴
ٶȥӺܾҪˣȻտļٻָҲԶԶãȻΪûʲôİ취ֳֻҧȥ
ֻͬشɥʬԽˣֳԲٿǣתгȻ󹽣ѡµĿꡣԵ޹ʱͬ鹥ɥʬָ󣬷ԼͬǹҲŭˣԵļ𹥻
һΣƵһֻɥʬ
ǿҺͿֳ˼вֳ粻֪϶һʱѡ֡Ҳ٣ֻɥʬֳϧ۵ĵͿҺеҺбһգ
ٰҺʴɥʬ϶̵ð̣ɥʬĹǼ׶ЩͲס֪ҺĿֲ
ŻңֲʦС˼ùеܣȫӣը
һߵսԱҲŵǰ½ʮö׺ϰٷӴĻٶոһɥʬ
±ȫʵɥʬѾֻ֮ǰһˣ
ôɥʬҲѧˡһֱɥʬȻͣ¼׷ֳĽŲתһֻɥʬԶԶĳ˹ȥ
ʱһƬң


218 鱨
˶֪ɥʬʲô
ֻɥʬԶԶĶҴǵߵҡԼȺ˽ľʱֻɥʬһͣ֫͵ķԼٶԾأ
غֻҪһ¾ҧԼǸˣ
ɾɥʬ󡢷͸ѪʱŵĵͻȻȥ¶һ׶Ŀӵ
ڣ
û׼ɥʬͽ͵ץ¿Ȼˤ˿ӵסȴģǿӵõ㹻ĸ߱ըҩֳΪԤԤֶΣ
죬
֪˭ĴߴУҵıը
صըҩ㣬αըҲǷҡټϿӵĿռխ޴ĳ޷йɱ󻯡ֻɥʬҽûֱӱըҩ˺飡
ݿӵˣˣ
һЩҴ˿ЩҡɻûǸ꣬Զʣµֻɥʬٴץסͬ飬þȫ˹
Σɹɥʬֻ
ӵ;ΣһɥʬǷ֣ϵͲˡӣҴûκοȡɵĵطֻӲֻɥʬ
𣡡
һֻɥʬһȳءʮֻǹͻǹָסЩӵҪôգҪô۲ܻҪֻɥʬҲû̫ᣬһŤŲǹĺ˵Ҵߣ

û꣬˱㱻ɥʬ˺ƬȵѪ⽦䵽ԱߵͬϣŴˣĲǹҲɿ˵ϣ
³ӹԣͬǱһצ롣
ɥʬֿ죬ƺһЦݺݵʬҧڣѸȺѰҵһĿꡣ
Ҫɥʬ˭͸ϣ
˶ϴ϶ԱĲϴڵѪ֪ôɥʬɱȥ϶ᵼصıԣҧظ˿սǰͶÿŵʽͲ˶Ⱥп
Ȼ̣ȴȸˣ
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ɱ
ĸ߲֪Σ׷״ͷ𹥻ʲôҲ·ҪǮƵƴⶪĶսӸǸ߸߶΢壬ǺڶǹҪ˽ܵˣ
£Ǹɥʬƴɣ
ҴţﰵԸԼɥʬʱҲ׺ʮ˺㽫ֵֻɥʬɵУɥʬԼɱĻһ룬ʣµĶ޹۵ĵù
ȻΪ˻ʤЩǲòġ
ԾڸɥʬӾֳȻĻԮʣµĽʮֻɥʬԾɲԸġֻҪһСģֳԼ͵ԣҲֻۿźԼľǾӣ
ֻҪȫأʱ
κΣڻ󲿷ֶкɥʬʣָɥʬѾ١ɽµЩһ׵ɥʬûһٽǼȥʮɥʬЩɥʬ۳Եֵǳû
֣
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ֳķԸӵľװ׳ֻһ£Ѹִװ׳ӱɥʬ˸Եȥһ·ѹɥʬǿкɥʬ嵽ɽϵĵ·롣ȻǻûȫֻǷסһ·ɥʬͬʱ
֮£ϴļװ׳̹˾ԥˡǶ֪ԼסʮɥʬĳǶôΣյ飡
װ׳׹ʵʱԳҲᱻɥʬץײ
ϰûֶӳ𣿡
ϴʶ壬֪ʱݲ֣ǶݺݵĶ·Ҳںмװ׳̹˿ȥֳװ׳γǰբšȻԾڿڷɥʬȴ˹ȥٶȣ
ҲҺɽϣӸ£ɥʬǵٶȲ졣ǲȻʮɥʬӵƷеװ׳
ˣЩװ׳ǱˮĻƵҡҡλΡʱʧȥ׼ͷ䵽ϣϵһͨһߵսľֳʵŷܿװ׳Ҳǳӵʵ֧ߣǶǲôðյģ
˿̣ԱΨһϣǣЩɥʬϽ
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ʼʮֻɥʬֻʣʮֻǵսνޱȾˡܶҴҲʤ⣬׷׼ӽǹѾȵ֣ʱըţǻǲͣ۶ܵļֳϵѹ
ˣ
ֳֻƵɥʬ˸赲ǽȻ󺹵˳սΪˣάֶֻɥʬƵˣ
ʣµģͽҴˣ
ûлУõģըӣ
غ棬ӦļָæµĽкšǵָ£ڴͨԱɿĽӾ䱸ĻҲ˵һֳ̺ǵļҵ׼Ҫˣ
ƴ۵кǽɥʬҲ
ֻܻ˵ɥʬԽߣٶȳءʿѾȫ壬ڸһЩͿԳǡڳлǾͿ˳ƽڳİ˾ɥʬһ
ռݵơ㹻ӵǣȫͨɥʬ
ɾʱԶշǵصɥʬɢɽطģûбֳȫ⡣ֳѾǺǵĳ֣ѸٵС׼ҲҪţ
ųӦֶΣЩҵҴ°̴ѾûиտʼʱôˣңЩɥʬ࣬ʵҲֻڶʮ߻Ч£ȫ
ȻɥʬȺͬʱһجΰ鱨ȴֳһ


219 ܵ
⻹һͬɥʬɽһˣ
ŵҴߣѾƣߵֳֻǰһڡԴŵʵ˵ʲôظһ飡
ǸŵҴҿ˿ѹ⻹һȺɥʬ˵ҲʮѾƽǻˡǰǾͻᱻΧˣΪ˱⸹ܵУɥʬйΧӳǸϽɣ
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ＤҵսǣЩɥʬϲͣǻһյĸоĪԼӺɥʬʼһϵȺ壡
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220 Եķŭ
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ЩƤı飬ֳЦˣ㵹Ƕģ
ʩĵ˵ͷ϶ģڣЩɥʬֻʱ⣡
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Ǻò׾Ӫļңʮɥʬɨ󣬾Ȼӣ
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·ʲôըһ㣬һȵĴôһ˲䣬ֳֻû˿ʹ޹Щɥʬ
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Щ϶һ׵ͨɥʬڻңֳһ˹ȥ֮ǰŭȫйϡȫת£ֳһ̨ս׵Щɥʬ顣ӻܺĸɥʬɱ쾡µĴһ
ܿ죬Щޱȵùɥʬͱֳ׷״С
ԶʣµһСɥʬֳ󶪳ӣըǳ׽
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ˡ侲ֳ֣棬Ǹÿƺˣ


221 ɽﲻУǾ͵
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ԼӪصϴ人ӵĶӳҲӱŭںҴǣŭġŵġģֶСҲвʶƬĩ԰ȫɽѾʧȥ˼ֵҪһƬסˣ
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˿̵ֳѾȫղŷ쭵ˣô죿ѵҪңɽһһשˮ࣬ȻӲ
ǺǣҲôһʡϴеεЦЦǾǴඣ̫ϧˣ⽨ĲҲҪһߣɾȫˣ
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ĵͦġֳһۣȥôõĵط㣿
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뷨ܱǸĵļӰġϾɥʬûֹˮġôһҪϸá
ϣϴ㶣ų⣺ⲻ
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ܿ죬人ӵĶӳļ߲㶼˹ֳԼ뷨˵һ飬ڷɽĻأǶûɾ嵽ҪתƵȴ˷硣
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໥֮£ܿ쳵ӵ˱֪Ŀĵصľλã


222 ɥʬ׷
еĳɽģͦġҲ̫Զһ·˳Ļûɥʬִܵ
ϢͨʿڸӵŽܡ
Ҫȥ𣿡һЩҴ۷׷ף϶ֵ֧ġϾɥʬ⣬û˵ɥʬӾˮġȻˣĵһȫĴ
ȷ˽ҪȥĿʿЩ˶ٻָһЩ
Ըϴ˴Լˣټֳӵ٣ǿճһǧ˵Ĺģڳӵļ߲㹴˾·ߺѾ˼ֹģĳӿʼ̡ǵĴǣȵִʯںӵ֧ͷˮ½ȿκ󣬳ӷζȹȻӱн
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ֳһ㶣һ۵ͼ漴ЦˣмŴʡüٹ·أûô׵ġ˵ˣǼɥʬԼѳɽƽˣȻУҲвǵģ
⵹ǣ
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ҼǵҲЩ˰ɣЩû˿ȻҲû٣ֳ˿ЩСһĴЩ֡
ϴһЦȻ٣ҪûֶΣôôģ
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ֳе㾪ȵĿ˿ȻϴӦʲô֡
ϴӣ˵´ʱڴ˵СֽţؼλСжʮУֻܷ⴬ˣ޶ޣ

ֳĴָò˵˼ҿǵǺȫװãҪ೤ʱ䣿
ֳһ䣬ϴٲЩ⣬ЦʵҲûʲôˣҲǴ˼ѧġֶ֮ӳģЩСܿװã󿪴ġ
Ǿͺáֳ˵ͷ
ϴĻûһСʱ󣬳ӺʹӾʹ±ͬһٶˡһ·Ȼ˲ɥʬûִģʬȺЩײϳӵͨɥʬҴʹº֣ûһӵġɥʬ޵ģɱһһ
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ǧ˺Ӧʡͳͳ˹󣬳Ӷݵһ¡ǿʼеķΪ·̫ã·Ҳʱê̥¼ǵٶȱԤƵĻҪ
ൽ˵磬ǲŵִеıԵ
Ϊһе˿ҲǳǧģĲҲв١ϧǣ֮ǰɥʬΧлصʱرĲӷ˲еʧһɥʬڡȻֶ˻ʧνޱȲءٺеĻؾĵطˡ
ԣڵ޹ٷشڵġ
ֱӵиصԾӪطġȻ󲿷ֶɥʬƣЩСӪؽұܹɥʬĽңһЩܵҴҲ洦ɼЩ˳˺һֻܱԼĲУʣµļǴǿɱ˷
һĿ꣬Ǿ͸Ҷκ˶֣
ֳǴǰСӣ⵽һģʮ˵ıͽϮֻǣСӵĻ൱ǿġǹͲǹ׵ȫ¸һȻ֮£Сӵûıͽ
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һЩƲıͽߺӣȴСӵĻѹƵ̧ͷܶûطܡӸ֮Щ޶ļһֱӱС˳ֽȵ߰˸ЩҵŮˣֳǰŽ˳ӣԸı䳵жŮٵľа
ǽʱ˭Ҳûע⵽һģҵɥʬȺǡ·ǹ˵ĽѸٿ˹ֻͨɥʬҲûʲôҴһǹܽǡ˴һǣЩɥʬͼҲǶɥʬивʮֻɥʬ
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ͻȻɥʬϮӵսԱûоšжγϼĻǹѸٿ𣬶Ա߻װ׳ҲѸٵͷ25MMڼٿ
ò˵رԱӦ൱죬ӦԵҲûʲôĵطǣϮĲǼ򵥼ֻɥʬʮֻһ֯ɥʬȺǸżֻɥʬߵ͵Ĵ䣬ǴԱĳжͻƣ˲ó˼Σյľأ
ɥʬϮʮΣ
֧Ԯ
˭Ҳû뵽ڿҪִеʱǻֲϮ̶߰ʮֻɥʬͻ˷ߣϾֵҴǳȥһողż복ӵĵùŮӣͱǰֻɥʬ˺˺üΣ
ҪţôɥʬӲģƴˣ
رСӳһ߽ţһŬ֯ҰôɥʬͻϮܷӵʵޡ̵Ĺ򣬾ʮҽн𣬻߰ɥʬɴƷ
򶨣رɥʬֲʦС˸ɱף
ʱֳѸٸϵˡķӦν죬һ־Ȼ󹽣Ȼֱ˪㶹ӣըס˽ʮֻɥʬĿֲʦСҲȺϵرսԱֵһѹǵĳ֣ûҵĳԺһЩԾ˲ɱ
ǰǳռơǰô׼սⳡҰսǺܱ

ڳ̫ңһųĶεҴҲұɥʬȾû꣬Աߵɥʬ͹ȰȻצţôĴˣҲˣ
ҲǿֲʦСһɥʬɵĳԱ
һĻֳд󼱡ڵʵȻܶԸֻɥʬҪʱ䡣ҰʮֻɥʬҲȷǵȥӿҪʧˣ
ԸգǴȳҾЩɥʬͷڳɽϼϣ
˵ţֳչΣֻɥʬӹסǵע⡣ͬʱ˫ҲĹšɵ˺ޣȴɹ˸ɥʬ
ӳСģ
ԸҲûֳʵҲܷģǹϵкˣ׼ֳȡĿյ롣


223 ˦
ϳٶȳ
Ը˻ߵߺ£ɥʬΧæҵҴǷ׷׷ԺһЩװ׳ǽó𽥼ٶȡ
ûüϵͽ͵ĺţʱû˸ͣ³ǡ
ʵϣ⼸ҲѾȲˡʣ༸ֻɥʬŰ£̼ͱʳ
˼ֻɥʬβų׷ȥ⣬ʣµĽʮֻɥʬǵֳסˡһ߲ʱűֳƵֽͬУһɵţʱ׼ֳĹ
ﹷյɥʬ
ֳһΧΣﰵһʮ߱˺ʬɢڵϣȥҲ̶áЩֳͬΣַŭʵԽЩɥʬȫ𣬵ǾҪúøǵɫ
͵ΪЩͬˣ
ţֻɥʬĺˣȻʼЩɥʬսĻһȻκβôɥʬΧġֻڸٵĻУֻܽɥʬɵǵͬ飡
ҲҺڵٶԸɥʬȻǵķݻǰ첻
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ֳ롰ӡЩɥʬ˲䷢۵糸һ׷ֻֻٶȽɥʬ˦ں棬ֱ󿴲Ӱ
ƾǣҲ׷ӣ
ֳһ߿񱼣һ߻ͷЩɥʬ£ֻɥʬǵͬ飬ʱ˺ҧλɥʬޱܡκɥʬ̲סˣֻƵ֣ͬ
ֳҪľЧֻɥʬսȻˡ

ʱһֻȽϸߵɥʬֽ˼󣬳ֻɥʬֳֳĿܾ⣬ʣµɥʬȻܲˣֱֳ׷
ֻɥʬҪɥʬأ
ֳתܳףѾ˽ֵ׼ֻֻܸɥʬܾʱ˼ǵѹƣתٻȻ󹽡ֻеͷɥʬסɱȻɥʬЧã
΢һ½Ųֳ˸ֻɥʬľ롣
׷ϵʱֳɿתȻ󹽰ͷϡֳһǣĵֿȻ൱ǿֳһȻȻʧˣ
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ֳֻʧܵɥʬƺǱ̼ˣ˲񱩣ʱ۷ٶҲ֮ǰһߣ
ôһ仯ɹ׷ֳ
ۿǰֻɥʬצ͵һӡǱץУ㱡ҲܱץֳɲӲ⣬˳צӵķǰһܿιԽ˲ٶгǽֻɥʬ
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Ҫԣ
ֻɥʬûͻأײлعֳѸٵͷٴгȻ󹽰ͷϡΣֳѹƵɥʬû⣬ԹԱĿܣ
һ˲䣬׷ܵɥʬͶʱһ¡
Ч
һĻֳд󶨡ȻЩɥʬȻ׷ţȴû֮ǰôˡֳʼձֻܵɧ£Ⱥֻɥʬɵһֱ׷ɥʬֻʣ˲֮ǰһ룡
ʱֳϵҲǲˡ
ǵز죬ʱɲΣգֳûټȥֻɥʬȫֳϽɫâһȫ˦׷ɥʬ
һôɥʬֳԾǴģ˺üʮˡĩӪ˵Ǻ£֮ǰʧֳԾЩͻڣһ·ɱôɥʬӡĽ𾧵ռ١Щ𾧲ܰƽм߶ΣתľңֲһӴġ
΢ͣ½ŲϢһֳ·׼ǰиԸǻϡ
һ·ôãֳ˵Ҳܳ˶ʮҪԭ·ЩѣϾֳûղűôɥʬ׷ҲЩǱû·ȫҺóɽеλģһº֮ǰסĵͼ㱼˹ȥ
·ϣķһײڵϵĦгƵĲҲѾ顣һĻңұɹܵЩˣȻܿ
ֳľΪ˼УĹߡ
һͳĺУĦгˡȱ͵ԵʣЩʵ˲·ߵɥʬǻɱ˵Ļ¶벻ôšֳڣֻһ˵ĻǱɥʬΧôӵõ
˵һʵҲһ˵ĺôǣ޹ңҲҪ˭ֻǣһ˵ĻϾ̫µˣֳܲסһ˵֮£ǸϲӵһҪ˸ʲô
ĩһ˴ҡڵĦгҹ䣬Ҳһ顣
ȥ쿴Ǹˣ
һ֧еԾӪس·ո˵ֳǸ˾ʱϡĽ˳Ļ·ǿһ档
ôһУϵҲ׷׵ͷ˹
ƷһҲôŵĦгţĩǰ
ǿ·أκôҲҪԵİɣ
ǰ׳վˣǵҲĩձʱĦгüûˣԶԶ׷ϰٵɥʬأС̬һĺã
ӵ˻Ǻ桢߲мôĶСȴûһ뵽ֳѹͲЩɥʬһ̣Լ߶ͷСӣѺõִ˸кĦгҲˣ˵Ҫһµѣ
Щǣкһ򣬶ĳӿһξȻͣ
ǸĦгĸǣ
һ˾ƿţӳսԱǹԶԶ׼Щֳɥʬ
ʲô𣿡
ֳ˸ȦӣĦп˻ͣߡ
Ǹ˾ĪԼʮ꣬ܺƵӡϰԵڴƺ̣ȴûʲôЩΣС磬һˣ
ֳ˼ŵձɥʬ׷ţͬɢˣô
ŶûʲôǸ˾ЦЦҿһĦгҲҳһ¡ͷɲ̫ƽɥʬ㵹Сĵ㣬Ͳɥʬ𣿡
ɥʬ
ֳٺЦЦĵҸղŻˣʮֻءֻ⻰˵Ҿ˵˼Ҳš⵹ֳЩůû뵽ר³ȻԼġ


224 ˽ȵ
ӣʲôɥʬ֪ɣ
˾ֳﵭĲмΪ֮ǰһֱĸȫĻشţûʶɥʬĵĵǵͨɥʬǳı̬ҽ㻹ǸϽͬϣҪ޴ȥĻʱǳҲС
ֳ񻹲ҲǸ׳˼
ֳﰵЦ滹һĿһ£žܾŶл˰һ취ͬϰɡ
ٿһ𣿡˾ŬǳӣȻ˵԰ȫܹԱֺõĻܿܵõ䷢ǹ֧һжĴĩôңҵɢͬδǼ£
ĺˣ֪ǵĿĵأӦܺܿҵ
ֳٶȾܾ˾ҲûֻǵҲգ˸־֮ɥʬҲԾһˣûǶСĵá
ιιû˵𣿡˾ϵͬѾβֳɥʬۿ˻û꣬ԼļһѾͷĴߴ
ˣ
˾Ӧһת׼뿪ȴֳסˣˣһ£ǰɽôߣǵõͼ˭֪·ϻ᲻Ⱥɥʬֻ߻н·ǰ˾ƺǱˣֳץסȻҪѯһ
ɽ˾㶣תͷһۣǳɽӪصˣ
ĻֳҲһ㶣ɽӪأѵѾбҴôһ˲䣬ֳȻԼһ⡣ϵĴ˿ɲֹһȻ뵽Ϻܰȫǿ϶бҴҲ뵽һ㡣ǳɽˣĩձһʱռƬɣ
뵽ֳ΢ЩʧǼʱش⵹ǣ˵ͦȫͬȥס
ԭˡ˾˵ͷһתߣһߵȰ㰡ǼͷɡɽĴССĵȫռˣİ˳ǼǧˡȥܣҲյģ
ôһ˵
˾ĻֳЩȣɵʵʱ˼Ѿ˻ȥˣֻԶԶһ仰ûֵĵط
ûֵĵط
ʲô˼˵ɽҲķֳվԭؿ˺һᣬεҡҡͷô˵ȵִԸǻϰɡڳɽ﾿ûпλǸȵʵؿ˵Ҳ١
Ħгֳһ˵;
һ·˳˼ʮֻ۵Ķɥʬֳб˹ȥĳɽʱһӶʮҵĳԶԶĴеĳڳ˳֧ԼװʽΪȷ棬м߰ؿƺðսռʵġ
ǵΣӦðճɹˣ취׷ŵɥʬ
ܼǹβɥʬɸӡЩɥʬУ߰ޱȵӰ˳̤ɥʬ˳ĸװϣ
ɥʬ
ò˵Щ˻Ǵ󵨡ɥʬôˣҳֻֻ߰ɥʬ˵ˣʱ֧ϵҲɥʬһӻ
ǹܼˣʱ׵ıըϧĻץڳϵɥʬ˵첻вܿ죬һӺᳵͱɥʬ˴ӣֻ̾ɥʬû˳룬ʼһɱ
̴ٵĲҽкһ˺εҴһըը١ɥʬҲڼıըˣȴԾû
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ӵ˽󺰣ԶֳԼɥʬٶǳĿ죬Ҳ˵·ԶǰٶᵽÿСʱٹڸϣװ˶ؿҲܳٶȣ
ֻɥʬβ׷ǲţвɱⲻֵļơ
ֳҡҡͷӵçײЩѸٿĦгӽ˳ӡԸôֻɥʬ˵̫ѵ¡Ǿôȣ϶ⲻȥȨΪ˻꾧רɱǵĺˣ
֮еĳֻų룬ûע⵽ԶĦгӽֻ߿ˣȴѡԵĸˣֻһʮճͷƲһۣ˳ɥʬֳ
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ѾУֳû¶ͷ¸֧˾롣ȳϵڶҴǿʼɥʬΪʲôͻȻڧʱֳѾԶУֻǸע⵽ֳľٶ֣ǰֳò
֪һֳʩչʲôֶΣŻɥʬҧģ
Ĵ˰ֻ֣һССʱֳСУ·ߣǿϵ˳ɽߡ
Ȼֻһ˹ɽȷܴΧҪһȦĦгҲҪһ󡣺ڣԸǰķӦø²ࡣ·ʮӺɹĸ󲿶ӻˡ
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Ըյ˵ͷ˵ˣռ˻ͦࡣҸղһ£ϴСٶģЩס˵ҲʮϳɽӪأҴˣ
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˵ɥʬ󲿶һ˾ȫʱϡܼ˯ĵطûˣȴЧĵɥʬɥʬǲˮֲһֱںߴţʱҲɢˡ
Ǹõطϧֳҡҡͷô˵ʱסɡٴһ˵
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Ȼİ˵⣬ֳҳɽ˺ú˽Ǳ°˽ڰȫĿǣرԱս
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225 ۸
ֳǸһֽƽ
ǳɽӪصһӳƽ︺رӪصİȫƽɡżдģɥʬʱŻȽæڽ죬Ȼӵµı棬˵ǳɽͻȻһ
һǧˣ
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װ׳
ԶԶĵһۿȥƽͳһЩӪΧĳͣźüװ׳ԶӦûСһЩϷиװĻǹأǿĻЩľ
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˵֮ǰʱٻЩԽеĻָоѾʧӰ١ѾʼǣʲôʹԷԻˡ
һ·ĥţر˴ֳϴǰ
ֳָָİʣʾøԼ
֧ӵϴ𣿡˺ܿĵлȻǰƽˣǳɽӪصˡ
ֳ˵ͷǳϣҲʾԼѾףôʲô𣿡
ƽЦЦҲ˵ʲô£ǵ֪ɽͻȻôһԹʡ֪󳵶Ϊʲô
Ҳûʲôģֳܸɴĵǰʡˣֻ˵ϵĵͦȫܱɥʬ
б𣿡ƽ̽ʵ
ţֳԸաϴǽһɫʵΣ
ƽһ㶣ǵĻӪػӭλǰס£Ҳᾡæš֮йæĻֻҪǰ˳ϵˣҲûϵ
ֳĻһЩҡҡͷԼǰģز죬ûʲôϵ
Ǿͺãƽɫ˼ϲȻ硭
Ļû˵꣬ͱر˽ˣӳң
ֳһ㶣֪Լû죬ôôȻƽˣҲӴһˡԱߵƽɫЩ粻ˣܿǶ˵Щ²⡣
Ӻһ꼶ƽµ˽
ֵܣɰƽǰӣ䲻ȵ˵һ䡣
ǸȻû뵽ˣҲһſƽüͷһ£չĶҲȻһȵ
˴˱˴ˣ֮Ҫð˳Ⱦˡ
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λӳ֪ǵ⣿
ոߵӣһʵƽȫͬȷֳǲǸ˳Ԯ˿
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˺һ̨˲ʶǵĲףϽֳǸ
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ĩǰֳ˵ֱӴӦˡĳɳǺܿġֳֻЦе౨ۣȻһģɵĴ𰸡׷ʲôԻҪΪʱˡ
ֵô
ϴѾ¶һ˿ţڵĿϡ
ֳ룬ЦûǵĻս˳ʵӦǿȴסҵϡǧ˼Ļߺߣ
ǿˣԼӦǸһؼʱ̡ңԼʵܵһ߶𵽾ʤЧԣڵֳ֪֧ĳӺﶼ׷˸˹Ȱ˵ֳ
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ʮֻɥʬ첻飬ƾܹǧ˵Ӫأôܳɹ
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ֳЩȵǣǸʮͷ꿴ʱžȡϸֳһᣬȻѹǸʮӵ˼䡣
ģǸ곤ЩԾ
Ȼҿ϶ûɫ
곤ӵ˵ͷһᣬ̧ͷֳ˵֮ǰ߷կӪغӪص˶
ǡ
ӺзȵЦЦӦ̽ǵɣ취˵㲻Ҫǽˣ˵ǣܿҲܡ㲻֪ȡĻǾԹۺˡ
ֳ˿Żɫµ곤ӣȻʵһͦ棬ӪظռһطƽʱӦǻŰɡΪʲôˮݵأѵ˵Լʵǿʲô˼£
ìܣ϶ǸйصġһЩмֻǣǵİ˳
һߵϴˣЩֵʣ˳طʲôر𣿡
ӵ˵ͷ϶ĵȻûĻôѾ˼ǵĵ̣


226 Ҳ̺ô
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Żɫµ곤ӵĻֳЩȡΪ˵һİ˳Ȼý̲ˡ˭룬ȻһЩ֣ϴ
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뵺
һǿֳϴǶԼˡ뵺һָӵȻɥʬ˵뵺½ؼûʲôֻҪִܵĵطΣ
ѹǻ԰˳̰ˣΪֻкĹµȫģ
˵ССĵٸôģҲʮأԸջеʣȻˣΪʲôأ
곤ӿһۣ˵ĹģĵҲֻԶԵģס¼ǧ˵ģֻǰ˳һȻҪԭǣ˳֮ǰΪξ㱻ص㿪мǧĶĳȹ԰װκηαɽׯֳɵĽȻȻ̵ĵõĶࡣ
ȷ
ֳԸǶĵ˵ͷ뵱µС˶Ƿ͵ϮܴһԭҲҪǵı
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˶ֲζһǿеԳһЦǧˣ߲ܣŮٶУóȥɥʬҲһ롣˼һǧ߰˳ɶ׳ӣивפиʿ˵أ
ϴ˵ͷʵȻˣʱ˳ôᱻµģ
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Ľǳ׸ֳˣͬʱҲ֤ʵһЩ뷨
˵ҵȷϣֹܸ˳ҲҪҽڻҪǣûӦκһˡ
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곤һۣʵҪҪʲôˣҲʸ⣬ǴĶģɽΪʲô
⣬ӪҲʹֳͬĴ˵һ顣
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ˣǲŸûٺãͲȥˡ
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ֻǣԻǵ͹˰ĽƻΪ˳ɳĴȻмˢӵġֳ˳Ӫص߲һ£Ѹһ
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Ҳ֪ˣ˵ǰϴԳ˼˵ˡ˵Ѿҵ̸ˣðϴ
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ڵˣ߷կȻ
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228 ʧܵҹϮ
һǧ˹ģսǼ׵顣
֮ǰ¼Ӫغ͸߷կӪѾΪ˶Ը˳׼ֳӷϮǻǻ˴ʱЭָӡ
ൽɫʱ֧һǧ˵ĶֱۼЩ˰˳϶䱸ʣµҲֹȷУһ֧ʮҵʿСӡһ𹥻Ľǰ˴ͷѪ
Ͼŵ㿪ʼϴԸˣڰСʱڽս
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һᣬƽûȻֻͷ۵ķˡ
Լ˰ɣϴ̺ҪϢ
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ܿ죬֧ȫһ𣬰ȱõĶ鳯ֳڵĵǿ˺ü飬֧Ȼ˶࣬˽ŲĦ졣Ƕ˵ӪصϴҲһǴ
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ǣſŵĵĴ㲻ƴ۵ǿ
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229 ǿʵ
ĴڣֳܹǰԤϵԷֶΣҪԭ
黹Ҫ׷ݵƽڶ뿪ʱ
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ֳϴĳЩɸУҲĸΪ͸ʵϣֳַǳĶıҪʤ廹ѵ顣£ֳǺܿ뵽Ŀܣ
˼ǣߺܻɢһЩҥԣӪǸİ˳ĹϵտʼʱֳЩŽɡ
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˵꣬º˿ˮ̸ֲģ϶̫ȻʹЩֶΡҹƣĿܾǹй¶ǵĹϵᡣ˳˾ɽۻˣǸܾ˺Ǹϼһʹ֮
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뵽ֳԼְڱ
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رԱҡӪصĸ߲ǲ˷Ƿ׷״ߴ£Ҫûһӣ
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ǿʵľѻ£Ӫصϴ󲻵òߵķ֣ǵǹȥ


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ڵȴǣӪһǧˣȴöܹǧˡսԱǲ߰ٵĳӺް취
ȥŻǰȻ٣ȴ˿˵Ǹǿңǰ˴Сĳ⣬ƺһɫĹ£ЧԤϵĺáڣ˼پʬ壬Աãã࣬ĳȴû̫ʧ
ȥӪؾ䶨ˣ
ֳӸ˳λöһһ£Լһش֮ȴԵֽֿġҲ˵֧ǧ˹ģ˳ӣʵڰ˳Ӫ֮ϣ
ĶŽ˳˭˭е˵
ŵѾȥˣҪڶ԰˳ӪһصĴҪǣһ֧ǿĳӣǰúúõһĺԷǷ񱨸ǰ˳صס
һʱ䣬ǰƲбս
ԴˣҲûʲô취
ڰ˳ӪصĵλȻͣûֱĵزڰ˳ӪصʵЩԵġҪһԭǣʱֳ֡ɥʬ龰
ܹɥʬˣǶôĿ°
ÿһ뵽Ǹ棬̲סЩļ¡ǰ˳һֱڵϣֻҪɥʬϲˡֻɥʬһ𹥻ǾٺãҲҪʧλ֣ȻǸȴǿԲѴ֮ʹֻɥʬܣ
һ˳ŭ˶ԷֻҪżֻɥʬڸε˵Ϊˣ
ϧǣϵ˳˰ĻǰҲֻһ룬൱ֳЩͨ˴ﲻֶΣȴ׵Ŀɥʬ
Ҳԭ򣬰ҲֳӸӪص˶ƴ
ڣָôճأ
ҲЩˣں֪˳Ӫ߲顣ǵ֪﷢龰ɫܾʡ
ͬһʱ̣ս͸߷կӪصĸ߲ɫҲʮַḻ
ΪС鱻壬Щ˵ɫзŭʡŵΡôһṦ򣬳ʮ˵ľСʧ˳ĳɵˣвٻصˡսԱǳ岻ȥĻѹš
ǾǣԲǶȫʵ
ôһᣬĸԤӷ˽ĳ档ǵĴ£нһȳ˾Ƿֻʮ׵ĵطɾʱĻһȻǿ֮࣬ҲǳˡһûеƬȴܰѷԲڵըĿֲը
ЩɱǿʱĳҲˡ
սϣѾﵽһ൱ıʣµ˵սľſ˵ʲôҲڽˣв͵͵ĿʼָǣֳӵѾǲܵ¡ǷֱĲսȻԾɲռƣɸղ˶඼ûܹȥڸȫ
õİ취ˡЩĻ볷¶ûǸˣ
籾Ӧ
ƽ˼䣬ʹıۡʱѾ˼־ϣϴٶȳɣٶ㣬Ϳ޼ɵ׷ˣңǰ˶ǣȻǰõϢ˵˳Ҳ֪ˣܿĸطŰأ

ƽĻüϴһǹŽˣȴ˲Զĺ뻹һСӵһֱǵ̬ȺֶζºͣԼһٽƣ˵βȡʲôȻľ
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ͨѸټ£˳˵
ڻҵսϣǼѹƵ볷˿ɲǼ¡Ҳ˵Щ¶ڵзµܷƽĻ֪ͨǶǸ⡣ԽʲôĲûУʼո㲻ȻԽҲˡ
ڣ֮ǰԼһĲźǹɫźŵ˵¼ϴ󲻸ٳɣѸٳźǹ˺ɫźŵ
ںɫɢ֮ǰֳӵΪ˷ֹзúҹˣҲٴδһڲҰɫĹâ£ǵĺɫͦ۵ġһֳǰѾҲ̫ܳ߰˰˷˳˵ʼ֪ͨͬ鳷ˣ
Ҫˣ
ΪսһֳԸǵһʱ͸о˶ԷĶԶһºǮ񵱼죬ܵɱ˵ˡѾ뵽ǰЩˣ֮ˣɱɱһӲģ
ֶӳҪҪ˳ȥ׷һղŵսֵҲ˺üʮܾôŹǣƽеԾԾԵ룬ԷѾȫޣȫǰϵһˣ
ˣӰɡ
ֳ˰֣˵ɻз׷顣
ĵһͷȻѸ׷ȥЩ˳״塣ֳžͷʵûǸҪ׿ҶҴߣûҪֲ˵˾ôһս϶֪ǵǿٴǡһҪķ棬ֳҪǸ˳һѹͬʱҲһƽ⣡
μı룬ֳѾʶǰ˳ڱʹֶΡ
ȻǲʣֳҲ
ֶȻӣûֱֳӶǿս˵̲ĵزߣֳϴҺŲǧ˵Ĺģ̲˼ǧҲ̫ʵǾֻתҪϵĲˡԼĵһֶ٣Ҫ⳥
Σ¼͸߷կȻشȥָһ£ܴиɵʵֳڣ°˳ʲô˼
ҵǹϡⳡսǧҴ߼ĴսҲĻֳǵн£ûܼʱ˲òεĳ˷²Уһ϶ˣ
ôһᣬֳɣЩ˵ķ²ѹӪعģ


231 ʰ
Щô죿Ȼǲȣ
Щ²һٶߣҽСϷɴΪѡҽĽǶ˵Ȼϣܾÿһ˵ġǣҲвߣҩҲޡǰһٶ˵ĵȫˣǴҩҪԽˣ
Ǹ𣿡
ƿڶЩһûʲôøУ˷Դ
ֳ룬ʱûа뼺ӵͷǱ˸еָʾ˵ܾȵֹѪ˾ˡȲܣȾǵԱ
ǴЩ²úӪһأ
ϴǸ˳ļһˣҴ߸ոմɨսú÷²ʱһرСŹš

ֳһ㶣漴ЦһԼµһΪʲôˣȻҲ˶Բߡֳ룬ǾðǸ곤ӵ˵ʲô
õֳķԸ˺ܿȥӺһİֳ߽
ԸաǮϴǶҲλ档ԸֽƻϺ꣬ס
ϲֶӳ쿪ʤ¼͸߷կһٻõϢʱǻ𼱻ǵ׼֧ԮڿһӪص˶СֶӳӢ۳꣬Ȼ֪Ÿ£Цһñ
ҵǾãϵ
ֳѵ¶ƤЦⲻЦı飬Ǵһ˿
˵ֻҪ̫ˣֳ˵λʮͷİȴǰķӦҲûУȲǰ¼Ӫغ͸߷կ֣ǰ˳ȵѹסֶӳһʱ䣬׾ٵľͽǵɱǿˣ
ĻżֿԸУһַԷθĸо
һЩʢ꣬ôһ䣬˵ֳȻôãȴȫûԻһʼʵи⣬Ҫ֪𰸣
ֳ仯Щǵ΢΢һ֪Ϸˡ
һ£Ͱ˵ֶ֪ӳʲôǼȻѣǾͲÿ֪ģһ֪޲ԡ޲
㻹ǵѹϵֳЦ㣬ΪʲôǲŽûһ죬¼ǵ˾ͺȻˣǲ֪ԭ򣡡
Ƥ΢ĵԭȥʳ¼ϴֲӪصˣô֪𰸣ǾֶӳвǣҪΪǿɡ
ֳͷǵȷôоģӦҲг˰ɣڱй¶ϢɢҥԣΪǹˣôô𼱻ǵĶǷⳡսǰ˳ӦøһΣǳӵʧҲҪǰ˳⳥
ֳ޽ӽĻðЩȡ
ȻҲµֳǿܻ뵽Ķȴû뵽ô졣սŸսǾѾĻˣȹ龪ȣܳϵġˣӷԵָ֤Ҫ֤ݰɣȻƾ²⣬ô˵԰Ҫһ飬ΪѣǾԲôģ
֤ݣȻУ
ֳЦЦµ֡ܿ죬¼Ӫصķ²ͱ˽֮ǰʲôȻɫ԰ףҲ̫š
ϴ󣡡
к˱㹧վһߣȴǵʻ
ֳ򵥴һۣȻָһʵʲôĸӪصģ
ֳĸȶһ£վȵҡҽǣǳ¼Ӫصġ
ֳ˵ͷʵ㣬Ҹǳ¼ԩ޳𣬶ҲǲǵΪʲôҪҹǳӣ
ƺǿֳ̬Ȼĸǵʱǲ˸ϴ𣿵ʱϴֱӴӦֻ˵Ҫһ¡ϴҲû̫࣬һ˵ʱڰ˳ϰߴϢ˵ǰ˳Ѿϴˣսʱû͵ϮǵӪء֪Ϣϴ¶Ҫģ
ֳҪľ仰ЦŶסʾԼһ˵
¼Ӫصķ²ָϣƽҲ̲סһ˿ҡٵǰҲûǵķʱһӦֳδ뵽һ㡣Ҿ뵽ˣֻҪԼʸڷϣֳҲû취ҥ£Ͼץ֤ݵġƫƫ©һ㣬Ǿֱֳץô²
еΪѵİ룬űֶӳЩ²ǸжԵģ˵ĻָϹģǡӳҪ٣Ҫƭˣ
ûа˵Ķģ
ϴСĸ˵ѣߴϢǧȷǸ߷կ߸ǳ¼˲һˣȴһһģǰ˳αϢ߲ŻϽ
԰԰
һô˵˶ʱŵˣȿֺĳԷֱ棬Ͳûˡ
᲻ǵߴϢˣô˵Լ˵ڡһºֵֶӳЭǵĸ߲ȷ˵顣ʱǽĺֶӳֵġߴϢʱ˵ĺ˵㣬Ӫصĸ߲ˣ⵼ⳡսĳ֣
⣿ԸЦһôƮƮĴʣǴˣ
ǵΣŵʧءֵи־ǰ˳ܸһ˵⳥֮ǰԼϲ˵ǻȡһЩҪֶάǵ棡ǮϴҲһʩѹ
ֳӵĸ߲㶼ǿӲı̬Щܲסѹˡ
֣ԼǰЩ˻治öԸ
ѪǲˡӦԳ¼塢߷կΣǳɹˣôΪ˸һ㵹ҲûʲôΨһĵľǣպ᲻ᷴΪƷ֮ǰŵĵֳ̣ǵʵԥûܿڡֻ̾˿ôֶӳҪЩʲôĲأǰ˳Ҳĺܰ
ô˵ζɿòˡ
ֳ΢Щ⣬˻ʾ²ȥȻصλϣ˵˵ˣһĲ˴սʧľҲҪе
룬ʵôܵиݺͱɣ
ֳ˵ͷڵ˵ˣÿ100ʳ˵ļս屶ھҪӵףͳƸ㣡
̫˰ɣ
ֳűһ޷ܵļƣǿǵİ˳״ʵ˿ġ֮ǰսȫ̹ۿˣֳߵľʧȻ֪¶ٻеġӵǧҴߵİ˳˵Ҳǲܽܣ
ϸý۵ĻҪģ


232 ס˳
һżٽʳǷŵĩǰ۸һٱֳݺݵĵ˵
ǰ˳Ӫ˶࣬ȷԣ
ֳ¶׺ݱ飬֪пŵĳɷ֣̲סֺ¡֮ǰֳӴܳ¼͸߷կӪصʵѾ֤˶Էǿԣڷֱ󣬹ϵĸ˿ڣðɣԸͰ۸
⻹࣡
ֳһʾȥûƿͳһݡʹɫȴ֪ܿ죬ƿھͱһעˮ⳥˵
սһٰʮˣ
һʮˣ
İʮˣ
ŵһðֱѪͷβսǰ˵˾Բܳһˡǰսͽ٣˼ӽŰˣ
Ҫ֪ӵҲŲǧˡ
Ҳ˵˴ˣҲŰ
ͳƲ׼˳ԻƿڱֱʾɺͿ顣
ڻ٣ֳɫһԲԾ˺ļơѵõĻƿڸһķ߿ʾǰſȥ֤
ã֤֤
ݱʵֵ˽ʮ˵ܣһҧųڸ߲˳
Ӻ󣬻ƿھͰǴӪʱʬĵطһڷŵʮʬ壬һѺҶʬ塣ǰнСһѺʮʬ嶼ӵһ𣬸պܵóһٰʮߵݣ
ЩҲ𣿡
ָָһٶʬ壬ɵʡ
ֳһۣͷԣǳӵˣ㿴Ϊǰ˳Ӫصʧ󣬸Ǵ˶ôʧЩǵľսԱƽʱɥʬɱôͬˣǿѵķϣǸ⳥ļ۸һٷ屶
ŶЩʬϸңȻָһؿǹӵϵˣǳ¼ӪصһСӳʲôʱǳӵˣ
ûȷǳ¼Ӫصˡֳ治ɫȻڽ;УȻʶͬµУͶǡȻǳӵʱ˵㣬ʱٶ̣Ƕϡ
㡭
ֳһӣȻĳ嶯ֻǣңЩ˿Ժ˼ɣǰ˳Ҳˡͬ飬ǰ˳ȴǣǸðűΧΣգֻ߸ɴ˳ݻҵ
⵱Ȼǲܵģ
ԣֻҪԱ
ⲻҪ˵Ļ͸ӷŭˣ
һǹӵȡ˿ʱϺˣԵ߶ˣҲвΣ
Ʊ˿⣬ñϣˣ
ֻҲˣɰһ˻ãһ˺۶ûУȴעԱ
˰ŭİҵһͻƿڣߺߵʵô£
ֳ㶣¿˿ûˣûԼʧĻƿڸϽСȥһקסǸ֪ʲôˣֱ׵ʵ˵ˣ
ҺܺðûܡǸû˵ƿӲ˻ȥǸԺ߳˳ֿ˿Ȼˣˣ
˵ţ³ͷ¶治֪ôҧһƤͷԼԼԿһݺۡû´ĻӦ֮ǰԷʱСҧˡⲻҪֻҪ˾ͺðˣ
㿴սΪ˸ҹˣ
ֳûʵ˵ԼԳڵĻèèʮʲôû𣬵еʱ򣬶Է֪಻Ҳ޿κΣ
ô˵ǳˣԷΪˬˣĶԼһʡЦԼղžȻˣȻһڴӦżֺںΣ̾⳥ˣһ׵֡ղǸ⳥ܱǸǰ˳Ҳò
ˣǾͺðˣ
ʵ˵ֳʾȥʱ򣬵ȷӵˮֵġȴû뵽ͻƿڻôݡҲͿˡ˿ɺãֱӷ˽ʮһµĻʳҪһٶ֣ӵ׸Ҫʮ򷢼ơô֣˳ȷòģ
ʶ£ѵս̸кܿ쿪ʼ
ɫ԰׵İĵͷյ⳥ֱΪӵ򷢣ʳʮ֣50ŵĵزϡȻǳŵڰ˳ϸ̵ҲҪеġǵ˳ȷòĶֳǽһʱҲҪ˳ͬסûҪǱƼˣֳҲͬ⳥
ڰ˳Ӫ˵ԲһϢ
ûһǹһʹش¼͸߷կӪصĿģֻǣһֻؼǣֻҪ̾ᵽԼУ˶ԼΣУôһ˲䣬ǹֳǵĳƭԼϣȻϧΧˡɿȥǲòǸʵʡ˵˼ͷ
ôˣ
ֳֻ֣ȻųǺֳȴʤ߶е̬ʧȻ
ΪһʮͷϼһǺܴӴлָ˹ʵϸ룬ʧҲδؾôûˣ˳δһֱӪصĴʱǵʧ϶Ҫڸأ
뵽ЩȻ
ңЩסԼӪأʱ˭˭˵ءǱϾǱˣԸĵȻƣ˿Ҳ࣡
οԼһ󣬰ŵȻǻȥ˳߲㽻ȥˡȵڶ磬ֳӳ״ҹսлָʱϼһȵˣ
е⳥Ѿ׼ˣͬʱϵĳȹ԰ĿҲڽС죬ǾͿԳᵽϡ
һͱһϢ
ֳǵٶȻ⣬µĻƿȴûյ˵ʳ;Ĳ
ġĽ͵ڵϣʱֻǵֶӳҲҪᵽϵģʱֱӸǸ㣿ڷ˹ľҪԭⲻİȥûǸҪȻֻǸ飬廹ֶӳԸ
ҲãǾ㣡
ֳԼʵģ°ˣУǱʲߣǱʹĴӦˡ
ô˳Ӫص߲һϵһϾһסˣҪֶӳʶһ°˳ķ羰أ
ĻȴԸպɫһ䣡ܳ˶Ǳܵ壡
ǮǺֱָ˳ʲô˼ں𣿡


233 ȫǨ
磿Ȼǣ
ǮĻҲûйıʲôֻǿֳȻûκα仯ȴֳһʵĸо
Ҳȥ
ͨˣ˵ıסˡȥҲҪԥҪϲֳܣѾ޽ӽн߶Σ߼ֲʦҲֻһ֮ңʵ£һЩ˺ߵû˭˺
룬߱סľѻǹ֮˳ӦûУ
˵УҲδ˵ֳңºһıֳͲŰ˳ôҪҲ֮ǰһֱγ¼͸߷կӪˣηչ
ԣֳܿ͵ͷû⣡ʲôʱȥ
һ㶣û뵽ֳôʹӦԥûԥͣһ£ŵֶӳ˵㣬Ǳʱ׼ˡ
ֳһҲû£Ǿɣ˵ܸϵ緹
ӭ֮
ֳľԸȻеףһ䣺ϴǲڿһ£һҪȥĻǾͶˡֳʮֵģΪһԼϴӦΣ
ֳ˰֣ģǲôġˣҪҲһȥ
ڿֲʦСԸյǵ֮ĵһͻƵװ˶ֻкСһξ롣ֻҪȹ׵ѹأܳΪڶмֲʦڣֳҲġһ£Ҫ뿪ʱҲۡ
ʮӺֳԸ̤ǰɽ밲˳·
Ǯӵֳʱս׼ȻƸģһЧȻ˳ĸ߲Ӧò᷸ɵ˭Ҳ˵׼ǷԴһȳ嶯˵ɵϣ
ֳǵӪؾ߲Զܿ죬˾˰˳ֻ֡ں۹ģģǳСҲֻʮˡֳǼ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ˣҲɥʬģ
һüݴ˿˴
Ų͵ĺС̵ֿͧĺˮ˳ȥò˵ΪҼķ羰ɽķ羰ȷˮµɥʬ㣬ΧƱˮȷĿŴ룬ټտؼֻʣǼˣһ𺳺ͼȸС
ֶӳôģǻᶯʲôֽ𣿡
˿վڴϿ羰ֳЩʡղڳôû˼ʡΧǼȻ֪𰸡
ֳصЦЦϵʲôµģҸǲһ
˵ʵҲ㡣ܾšҸǲһ仰ͼŪ壬һʱȴôҲҲͷʲôиǲһأѵʲôĵط
ѯһ£ֳȴȻٿڡ
֮£ֻܼԼķжϧƾô룬Ҳ²ֳָܡΪʹоЩ֧ʱСֵǰѾ˰˳
ԶԶڵԶt϶İˣǱѸٽȥֳԸպͰǵʱѾʮ߲ӭˡͷһͷЩȥЩӣҲհԱ߲ԶǸʮͷֳ֮꣬ǰƺǽа
ӭֶӳ
հӪϴϹЦݣ֣Ȼ˵Ĵӵ½˵ηɽׯĩǰ羰ģλǵĽˡдֳҲĴſء
룬ӱϿ
֮ǰ˵ֶӳ¼͸߷կˣ˲𡣽һǾȣû뵽ֶӳôᣡ
ǰǰΪʣȫΪֶӳ׼ģ
һڸ߲ƺ޸֮ǰй¶ϢѺۺ͸ңԿⴵһЩõ˵ֳŹӦţûʲôӪĻȫȻûŵϡֳḻԸվ͸ϵˣ˵ţɫ䶼䣡
صı֣üпӵĸ߲Щơ
ʱǻû緹֪˭Ķӹһ¡ϲˣǱѾ׼õķˡ˻ȡͷȳʳֳǴ濴˶ѿͶϵ߲ˣ
ȻĩűǰЩ˾ռ˰˳͵λãǼɥʬӰ죬¸֪ɥʬҲһûв£˳ϵҲ˸԰ЩϡѿͰײˣǵĳɹ
ѽ
ֳһ䣬԰˳طԽĿˡ
ֳĳޣЩ߲Ծй⣬Щ⡣ȴֳ֪ĳҲҲǱǶʮɥʬӱ͵Ϯ˵պҲвСջأ
ǺûĹˡ
ڰ˳߲Ĺ£Ը߲ܡԼãܶʵļӳɣһȵˣԾû⡣ֳǾúȾ£ֻԵĺƾôȰֳҲٺˡң֮ĶԻУֳҲӲȫ·硣
Ľͳȱ֣ü߲ʶĲǡհӪϴ΢΢ҡͷ£ĳЩʵʵͷѡĬڵľ档
ֳ֪˳ĸ߲ʲôǽֳȫľٶǺܺ⡣
ƽĶۣ˳ȷǸͦĵ졣мηɽׯ⣬⻹һģĽĿյ򱻸˸ʽƽͨשҲƴĿַĶͱĳȹ԰ǧĶĹģ·ݣ֪һʴ
Ϊס¸ˣһֹò
˳˶죬֮󣬵ϾڳһƬռ䡣Ȼס½ǧЩǿһǿ԰쵽ġǣֳָ£ֳӺϴ˿ʼǨơд͵ĳ㹻ʣҰ˳ϵĴֻҲ㣬ʵ˲ʱ䣡
ڣֳջס˰˳ªһʱӦҲûʲôϾʼתůסҲ֮ǰԽܡҪǣɽСϣ½ɥʬв㡣
ϾȫĶʲô
ֳԸյ˵ʱ½ϣɥʬչɱ
ȻͨĳӳԱֳǶٻЩŴġ룬ֳηɽׯֵһ䡣ֻĳЩĿǣֳסĲƽʱĻǸԼĳһԸǴҲˡ
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ʱ˫ķʼиҴ֮˴˵ĽҲˡ㣬ֳǰ˳ĸ߲㶼ûֹ־滹гʱ򣬳ɽΧͻȻɥʬϢ


234 ϵĻ
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ϢմڳɽΧӪɧͲ֮ǰͬģɥʬȺѾΣҴǶɥʬĿ־ȴ˿ûм٣ӱԽٹ
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ޱӵֻҪǼ죬κβ˵˵ɥʬͻ뿪ʱʱԷԼӪء
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֪ʮɥʬѾɽҾʮ󣬰оķ
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ЦЦһµ뱻ЩɥʬȾ򣬾ֻܹԹ԰˵ңÿڵϴһ죬ǶҪһĴۡҲԭ򣬳¼͸߷կ˲Ҫ뾡취°˳
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ܿ죬˳½½ֶ˽ǧˡʲôҲûֻйӦʳϴƷͻϴܱǸĩҲÿӪضֳ˵ܻȥͲˣ
ۿŵԽԽǮϽҵֳôҪǰһЩӦԡ
˵פصÿһξͶľ׮Ȼӡ֮ǰпĹôáȻǳӵĳԱ⼸û¾פڲҪİҲҪֱӴһϳȥֳĻشҲɴ䡣
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İ죬˳ϵԽԽࡣΧʵѾϢ˵ɥʬռǷӪءϢҲҴߵĳ룬ȵڶֳʱ򣬰˳ѾһĦӡӸפﻹЩ϶⣬ϵطŵĵص㶼Ҳˣ
ȥһҴҲ˴˵ϣڸǵĽӴԱǼǽӡ
ֳ룬ԸһȥһȦ
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ְ֣䣡Ҵнеļڿ޽УȻ󣬵ȴдԶ
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ʱ֮ǰͲԸⳳڽ£Ǻ֣ܿҴܵĹģҲѸڵϵ˺ܶ࣬Ŵ꣬·ܵصӰ졣İ˳ӪصľԱһʱϲҲ̬ʱ䣡
ЩܵҴߵĴߺȣΧҴǲԽˡ˷Ļ£һ쳣ѹֶĲҵо


235 Ǯޱʧ٣
˿̵Ӫأһݡң
ܼɵѲԱڼӺŷϵɻҵ̬Ѿɡǳ⣬ҹɫͷµļǧҴ߻Ļ̡̻Ĳϵıˮ֯һǳͺڰĿ־壡
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Ӧ֮ǰֺȻѹֵİ˾øܡǺڰУ֪ϵĸͻȻ̴ٵĿкѸƽֲãܣ
ǻһЩķˮҪҪʱˣҪǹҹĻǵöɣ̽ͷ⿴һʩŲ̡
Щһȡůֶһ紵ɪɪͬ𳵶ʮඥ
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ϾֳθڵĲŪų׷ȻͬͬҴߣǺԥķʩ顣
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⵹Ҵ⣬ĩֳԵһ͸
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ֳοļȻԼůͱ˴˶Ըоĺ΢
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ֳһŬɡǰߣһߵûĻӦþȥˣ
ǮҲôΪЩɣ죬ܸʲô
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ǵģ컹ҴܣסĻҰ
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ĻУֳֻĻ¸һȺ˴̼һʶֻǳĬţһ紵֮ǰ̤ηɽׯ
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Ǯŵ˵ͷҲ˵һҪǽ첻ƽʱҵĺܣҸֳܵĵģ
ĻǮޱ۲һתֳͣһ£ŵ֪ˣԺ϶עˡ


236 ܺ;
ԼѾӦǮҲͲ˵ʲôˡʵ˵Ҫǽһ㡣ŵƽʱǮޱʧСʱҲûʲô
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һеĸԴҪɥʬ
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Ǯޱ̾˿ǵĵĴ꣬汻һϣ첻֪жҪϣǶܰȥ
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දĸٴڷ𣬾֮ǰûǮޱĿȴְ̼䣬ֳ㱻Ǯޱĸ΢΢۾ڻ谵֣
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ҴûϵۣҲûףȣȴ;ġֲηԾ޷ֵɥʬĽɥʬĽϹģ޵ҲͬУϣȴһȫµġǱ޵
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237 ǿֲ
һֱµڶʱ֣ȻС
һҹڿԺ˯һˣɻǸʪˮĵ˯վˡԴ󲿷˵ҹʹܵģҺܶ˶
ֳ֢״ģڵҴߵмռ˽һı
Умʮصĸð´ʮŶϡòʱƣĸºˮҪǵСʱΪաͷεȥ˳Ӫص̧ůķơ
ѾͣˣҲļǲڳЩͬס
ֻǣյʵ̫࣬˳Ӫóҩȫá֮£չ˲˵ҴֻȼصĹҩ΢õľýˮëͷϣԻһ֢״
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ðҩϾͬǳӵҲ׼˲٣Բʲô⣡
˳ڱ˰΢Ȼţ̫´ˣõϵļǧҴ˿ѰһҹѾȥˡ
ĿֳЩӵĸǮԸǴкȻһֲֿʦˡܰ˳Ӧóʲô⣬ֳǽ˽һֲʦټƽ㡢ڤ򣬰ȫǿ϶ûˡ
ֳӣֳҲܷĵĴſֲʦСȥɱɥʬ
ǸʲôȥǼʮɥʬûԶأڸεʱɥʬϮΣյĺܣǡײֳʮ׼뵺ɺĵȰǵֳɥʬһĻϾǼʮɥʬɲΪֳһô࣡
ֳЦЦĺˣֻǹȥ̽һֲɵɥʬϾ
ŵͷǵ޷СģԾϽشϣ
ֳлĶȻܱк´˴⣬ǻ洬װܿ죬һʮֲʦϢʻ˰˳ɽȥ
ɱǰȫһûڸĻɥʬʱҪСģ
˵ţֳóŷӡȻ󹽵ֲӡݸǡǵʵȻɹĸʲ̫ߣάֵʱҲޣվһյֶΡһֳǡñɥʬסҲƾֻɥʬһ£
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ʮɥʬµĺۼǺģ꣬ɥʬǸǲȳӡ˳µĺۼֳͿֲʦС˺ܿҵɥʬĴ󲿶ӡ
ʮˣȻֱôɥʬǸڸɱһЩӵСɥʬڸӪز٣ɥʬȱͳһָӣ˲ʱԿһɥʬ뿪⵹󷽱ǡĹֳ½½ɱֻ߰ɥʬĶɥʬ
ͽ𾧣ֳڿһյڻۣհм߶εľ磡
ͬʱһȫµڵγɡ
һֱȽֳ˵ͻҲԤ֮СǱµˣ˵ͻƵĸһЩԼʵֳȻǺܸ˵ġ˷ܵԼ»õǿֲ
ֳһЧޱǿġԸȻ󹽺ӣըֲ
˼壬ӵޱǿĺֳܴ֮߷󣬱˲סֳΪԭ㡢뾶ʮ׷ΧڵĵԽɥʬסĳʱҲԽǿɥʬڱǰҲܱסӣҽļ뻹٣
˪㶹ֱͨտɫĢӵиǿĺ
Ȼɵֱ˺ߣĴȴǷǷ൱һΧĿسֲЧʱ䣬ֳĳӳʱȥӦɥʬȻٻĵҲ٣ӣըҪ΢һЩֻǸñЩ㲻ʲô
һȺģֻɥʬֳתܣӯЩɥʬ롣
飡
һ΢ŵıըֳϵıˤ鵽ϣȻ˫Ϊģ˷ɿĲһտɫġɢı˪⻷б˪⻷Ӵӹɥʬͳͳһ˲˱񣬱Өı˪ԭأ
һ˲佫ʮֻɥʬӣȥĻ϶סеҴߣ
һеıֳҲǰͷЧ⡣ס󣬾ֻɥʬ㻨룬Ŵӱ˪ѳȻϵִ̹Ǻ⻹ûȥصٶȡʮ׿ֻͨһɥʬǱֱ˪ֱӶɱ
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֪ɥʬϢϵҴǻ׶һЩðûõģҲޱ˷ܡĿĹǾ͵һʱ뿪˰˳Ȼȫȴޱӵĵ죬Ѿܹˡ뿪ʱɼĲˬ޿κΣ
˴ʱ佫ЩҴǶߺ󣬰˳϶ʱԵÿ࣬벻·Ҫ˲С
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238 ϴļ
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ھ󲿷ְ˳Ӫص˵ÿľǳԷ˯ŵĻãܹϻеĹǣֻĵĴ˿ˣ˳Ӫصĸ߲Ҳܡɶֳĳ˵ǵĹϸˡڰȫĵϣرҲѵ
ڱֺõģֳͻ᲻ӣɿֲʦСĳԱ
֪УֲʦСѾﵽʮˣ
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Ϊ˴̼ǵĻԣֳҲǽʾ֭ʹ˸ֶΡ
ģĪʵĽˡͬһ׶λӵģܿ죬ֳͻǿҩֲӡϻ֮ĵߡȻ࣬ϱ˴˵ľУЧҲǳԡ
ĴɱɥʬĿֲʦСԱʵһԵĽ
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ȻҪͻԲ磬ʵнݾߵģǾֳӡеߡŨҩ
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ǵʵмֲʦҲԶˣ޷ǾŬ죡
֪мֲʦʵԸպǮҲʮֻֿ̿࣬ҪһԼʵͻԵĽչԣȵִмֲʦ⼸ÿ춼첻뿪˳ĴɱɥʬڣɽҴԸоεɥʬ٣
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ʵǣܡ
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ϴȻ֪ӾǸܵĸԴͷǡ
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죬׻ҪġôõĶȻܰ׸
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ףѾǵףǸʲô龰
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ϴ־粻ȻԼҲܴﵽĳ̶ȣ
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ѡ񣬸Ըյʱ֪ϵġšʱһģһɼǶǿԶƵ׷ġҲǿ㣬ֳԼ£һһΪã


239 ɣĽɥʬ
ϴ¶ĺԸԳĻӡ
һɫĹâţϴɹı˳ֲʦֻһεʵҲĸܵڶ

ϴ۾תܣ֮ǰľ޻ɡ
ֳϲȻܵһЩע˵һ飬˵ǿȡģѾ֪ǧĻҡҲǰѻ˵ǰͷһĳʲô£ɱû˵
ϴʹĵ˵ͷʽΪֳӵһ߲㡣
ȫ복ӺֳҪĵľ͸ˡرڴȼҲȫʼУֱӵսԱӵİˣرСҲĸһ͹ϴ
ϾﻹбȨϴһοҲԭ¸ġ
һϵеı仯ڳӾŰҴ˲С𶯣ڹʱֳѾ׼ԺܿóƽڰǵϴֳǱһӣֳֻϵѡԣЩ±䶯ֻ΢һǵע⣬ſˡ
ڲĴСͳһʡ⣬ֳһʱ䡣æһֳ˳ҲһӣǽԼĶ顣ǲǶԴԼֳ⡣ֻҪʶܵĺôͻԷԼ£
ϴǵļ룬ټ֮ǰĻƿڡڤƽһ˵İæֳĳһӡŰ٣ƽʱҲľԾӪγĶԱȣ
㶨һкֳпԼˡ
ԼоٸԼȫɱɥʬʱ䣬һͻƵм˶ΣȻͿƾŨҩһͻƵ߼ֲʦ
ͿֲʦСĴڳɽɱɥʬʱԭȶĺֶһߡɾʮ˺ֳ֪һ˵Ϣ̾˲Ǽɥʬ֪ôɱսһ죬ɥʬ
˵ǸϢ
ôΪʲôҪأֳʵôɥʬӦøȫŶ԰
һֻɥʬоµ˿Цһ͵ɥʬƵɱҲܸˡɲŹһ࣬ʣɥʬֳɡһɴԭû⻹һɥʬ˲ˡǰ֮ǰ·ڽһ·ɨ˺üʮСӪˣ
ɱɥʬ󻹷ֳ֣
ֳԼµһʲôȴûץסԴһ⡣
ˣ˵ˣллİæһߵлһ˳ͬе˼ֳֻǲ²ɥʬǵж
Щ˲ɥʬû²̫áǳɽ˵Ӫǣһ·ͣͣ˵Ҳ߰ʮɥʬٶȽ˳ɽģԶ֮ǰЩɥʬȺ
˾ǣôµɥʬȺɥʬıǱȸɥʬߺܶ࣡
֮ǰ½½ӹҴǼ˵Ҳкü٣ǵ£ɽҴǲòٴ԰ᵽ˰˳ϡһµʱ䣬ֱ˺üǧ˵ӵ档
ϴεĽѵҲвҴѡסСϡȻ˲࣬ͬҲûӣȴЯһЩƷ
߰ʮɥʬ𣿡
ֳЩɥʬ֮ǰͻƵм˶εľ磬ϧƾôŬǲһ㡣ôɥʬɥʬǲ֪٣ֳҲòݱһ·â
ֲʦСҲֻʱصϡ
ڣľ飬֧ģǰɥʬģȻͻΪ޷еĵ뿪֧ɥʬֳͿ˳Ƶβļ䵥ɥʬɱˣ
ϵҴߴҲ뷨̼ͿԻȥˡͷ°˳ϵʵڼ˵㣬Ҳܡ
εɥʬƺ֮ǰЩɥʬͬ
ΧųɽתһȦ֧ɥʬûҵκһˡڸ֪ɥʬָ£Ƿо⸽дҴߡ֮£һЩɥʬȻڲ֪¿ʼ˽˺
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ð˼ݺЩޱȵɥʬ֮УҲû
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ô˵˼Һôɼΰ

һĻԶԶΧ۵Ҵǲɷ׷״ЦҪƽǰ⼸ʮɥʬٷҲ
ԶɥʬƺҲ֪ɥʬȥûˣͣһ£ȻûµĶ죬ɥʬ͵ΧųɽȦȻû뿪еһЩɥʬҲ½סЩ밲˳µӪأƻ
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ûãЩӪؾͱһƬƬķ棡
֮ǰɥʬɨȻҲƻҴµӪأȴûϵͳס֪ϷһĻ󣬰˳ϵļǧҴ߲Ļ̻ǲɥʬôͻȻĴˣ֪Щɥʬ뿪µĶӪضݻ٣Ǹؽ
Ȼ˳Ծǣȥˡȥˣ֧߰ʮɥʬѹû뿪˼
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ڣֳ֣Ͱͬʱڵϵṩʳ
Ȼ࣬պܳ԰˳ɱ
ʵҲǸûѡ飬ĿôͬԼ϶ͱṩʳһĻô˳顣
˳ϱЩССϵ˾鷳ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰɥʬͻ뿪ǻҲû׼̫ࡣɥʬΧųɽתЩϵһ˿ʼӡðӵ˰ϣֻܳɹܿɥʬĽʣµĸײɥʬұȾ
һĻֳԺףŴЩϵ˷
ȥˣ߰ʮɥʬԾû뿪˼
£ôҲⲨӶɥʬɽıɥʬЩͬˣ
עЩɥʬΪȷжƻٽԼ֮ǰõϢֳһ²⡣Ǿǣһ˲ɥʬнȸߵɥʬָӡҲ˵Ǵ˵еĽɥʬ


240 ֤Ĵ
Ľɥʬû֪ʲôӣȷǷѾ֡
ֳĲ²⵹ҲǺ޸ݡ֮ǰ׶غͻִͨߵʱɥʬΧƺ֤и߼ɥʬĴڡڣΧɽǼʮɥʬ֤㣡
Ͼ֮ǰôɥʬɨ޹󶼻ڱܵ¸ϵҴߵľۼءΨΣЩɥʬڳɽһܶû뿪
Ҫ˵ûʲô쳣ֳҲţ
ĽɥʬԿɥʬΪս˲ļɥʬôͻȻڧȻֳأֳԸ˺öֿܣóһ˵ĽۣǾĽɥʬֹܲһ
ͣӦġ
շߵļսУǧɥʬַ׶صĴȻӦĽɥʬӰֻʱֻһĽɥʬû˸Ȩ׿˶ɥʬߣ˵ǿƣ˵Ͼǧɥʬδ̫һ㣡
ɥʬִ˲󣬲֪ôðһֻĽɥʬ
ֻĽɥʬΪɥʬĿȨŴ֡ö˵һֻʵĽɥʬսܣֻܴ߰ʮɥʬ뿪Ȼƽ
ʵϣƲҲʮֽӽ࣡
ôһֻĽɥʬǰ־͹żȻˣðֻԸ̾˿ӶɥʬɥʬһʵķԾĽɥʬ֣֪ǵʵĿֲ
ֳ뵽Ľɥʬǰֵԭ򣺡Щʯ飬ĽɥʬܾܿǵĴ߻³ֵģ
ɡ
Ǯʼ磬ҾãӦ취ȷһĽɥʬǷĴڡȻ²ܿȷģչ鲻ۿɿϾǲƾǼʮɥʬһֱںߣҪ취ӦûĽɥʬĿƣ˵бʲôԭҲ׼
˵Ĳ
ֳҲȷбҪȷһĽɥʬĴ⡣Ͼ˭Ҳ˽Щɥʬǵ뷨һĴôڳɽˣǳǸıĺڵϣƱҪ취Ըǣ
ôȷĽɥʬĴأ
Ҫ߰ʮɥʬҵһضɥʬѶȿɲһĸߣοû֪Ľɥʬ׳ʲôӡһͨĶɥʬ£ǿҲֲ˵ģ
Ӧòһɡ
ԸղȷĲ²Ͼ֮ǰ׵ɥʬζв
һֳۣһûʲôõİ취ֻðճȥҸƸߵ㣬Ȼһ۲죡
ҲΨһõֶˡ
ܿ죬ֳԸǼ߲һһ˳Ӫصı˴·£һʵļճˡǵȺ߰ʮɥʬڹִΧųɽȦֳǲòѡһǱؾ֮·ϵĸߴһҪֺܵĵص㣡
ҵҪĹ۲㲢ףֳһ·µָºòײҵһ̫Զɽڡ
˵λϴǻǸϽ뿪ɣЩɥʬټСʱͻؾˣ
ֳԸաǮ񲻽İŪԶ·ı˼ͬȹϵϡܾܿɥʬϮΧ˵ĸ˵󣬵˭Ҳұ֤Щɥʬ᲻ͻȻ裬ȻϧٳǰΧԼҲǣʱô͹ϣŵĲƱ͸ųأ
ҪûˣһٹʳٶҲûط԰
һ뵽Щֲɥʬصɫ
ֲʦȴȫȻں˵ĻӸ£뻷·Ҳֻȼ׵ľ롣һɥʬĴɽ³ǵٶȣȫ⡣
ĺˣЩɥʬģ
ԸպûɽϣŸЩܳĺɽ̣ЦŰο·ˡϾܻҪõԸһＱʲôëˡ
һأǿǼʮɥʬɥʬλϴǵ֪ʲôɥʬһצ˹ܸɵ˵ģ˺µ鲢ûΪԸյİοȥ٣Զĺֺ߳ѹѹɥʬӰĸŨˣ
ǳԿױǮõҪһ˵ͷˡ
ˣǽԭȥʱ쳤ӲĲɽƳһۡɥʬûƽһϽٰͷת¶࿴һ۾ͻɥʬƵģ
ֳѾԶʼ۲죬εЩķңǺֹ
ʵأЪţǼǻòͷɱ𣿼ȻǶ£ʲô
⻰Ǹ˱꼸ģһҲԣû⼸˴ԶȻǲߣмֶβŶԣǱ㽫ŽɵңղֳǳʱҲñصЩľΡ
ûĸţֳȫԶƶɥʬ۲
͸߱ԶЩɷι״ɥʬ·ǰĳЩɥʬȷͨһɥʬֲ棬ɥʬռԿλáѵõǣЩɥʬٶȲһǴ¶ܱٶΪ׼ʹɥʬ岻ѽڡ
ʮɥʬ½ȥˣ˻ûаķ֡
һ˵ָӲӵ˶ϲƿȫ֣֪ɥʬǲҲҾãǿԿǴɥʬм俪ʼԸһŬɴ۾ֱ棬һ˵ԼĲ²⡣
ԡ
ֳҲȫȥ̫ˣʱһ۾ͻˣ©һЩʲôҲȻˣ׿ĲֿʼѰҡ
ʱһһŹȥ֪Уɥʬľ󲿷ֶͨɽ¡ڼ䣬ȻȺкüɥʬ뿪ɱһȺҲٶ࣬иֻһֻɥʬӡ
ֳ˵ʵȫͲ˵ġ̼䣬Ǹı㿴һɥʬĪꡢֳ׾ɱϮɥʬϷ룡
ô£
дңȻɻ˰죬̧ͷ˿ֳˣǵȫȻޱȣȫɥʬϲã·һʲô΢飡
˵Ҳĥһ󣬱Լ뵽һšȴʵ˵Ĵ𰸡
ܻмֻɣ˿̣ﵹ˺ܶࡣ
ȻֳǿɾûôˡͷۻĿôãһֱеɥʬȫȥҲûκ쳣ɥʬ׷˰˵־ɥǸ˴ܵζ
᲻бʲôԭЩɥʬڸ뿪
Ըշ¹ǰԶƣ۾ԼղҵĺϸӦûʲô©ŶԡʼգҲûʲôĽɥʬĹ
ֳ룬ҡҡͷĵ֮ǰ©ġҵ˼ǣطһ飡
ãĽɥʬֵܳƲûд֮ûҵܻɥʬĳˣ


241 
Զ·׷Щɥʬǰ档
ֳûǸԭصɥʬΧųɽһȦٻǾطãʵɥʬǰ棬ӦûзҪĹ۲ɣ
Ǹصһᣬ˵ͷ
Сʱֳǻһط¸ϵɥʬǰ档һΣ˶˾ɥʬ־ͿʼĹ۲죬ܵһ©
ʮʮʮɥʬȺȥˣ
ۿɥʬǰϹȥһ룬ԸպǮ̲סüͷȥֿܴڵĽɥʬԽã
ɥʬм䣡
ʱֳԶһǡûεֻɥʬķ϶С͸ΧӵĸɫɥʬһֻͨѪɫġͷͨɥʬɥʬ
ֻȫɫĹ
ǮǹܺãȻҲ˳ֳָ򿴹ȥһʱ䷢ֻ֮ǰûɥʬţͷֻɫɥʬΧɥʬľˡɥʬɥʬв¶ʮͷı仯ɥʬ
ûпܾǮԽԽȷ˷ܵĽ˳
ԸҲֻɥʬΧ䰲ȫɥʬ͸ԶܿǼһķɫ֮͡ǰûɫɥʬ
һﻹǽƻöӳۼ⣡
ֳһ߶Զ׷һЦҲпģֻ˵ã
ʱֻɫɥʬͷϵĽ΢΢һ¡ΧĴȺɥʬı˷ϸĿĻÿɥʬȺʲôı䶯ֻɫɥʬйءԶԶĹ۲ʮӺѾȷֻɫڲٿ߰ʮɥʬ
ȻĽ׵ɥʬҲΧɽסֻҪʣɥʬӦþͻ֮ǰֵɥʬһͻɢˣ
ֻĽɥʬ˶ɥʬм䣬Ҫɱ治סңֳֻ֪һӵпɥʬصȴһ֪ٶȡȣǸԣ
ֳֻܸʤͨɥʬĹһ֣ǲɵĻ˾Ͳðˣ
Ǯͬĵ˵ͷҪþѻǹɱ
⵱ȻҲǸ취ֻֻɫɥʬΧ;޴ɥʬţʼղҡҪ粻õ¾ɱԾѻֵҪ󼫸ߣסѷŵĻᡣ⣬ÿֻĽɥʬķɥʬһǿǾҪһҲǸɲģ
ףԸҡҡͷûʮİգҪ֡ҿһﻹͦƻģʲôɱֶΣǲȻɥʬڻǾû취ˣ
Ǯ룬ֵҪңըըɣǳӻмңװãҶ߱ըҩ
ֳһ£ʵôըĶأȻ֪һųɽߣڱؾ֮·棬ȻΧôɥʬ㱬ըҲܰס󲿷ֵĳ
Ҳ˵Ҫ취ضĳƬΧȷС򾭹ˣԸ߶䣬ȻתԱǸ·֪⸽ʲô𣿡
һ㶣Ҫ˵ţγɳɽӾš볣ɽϪ߼·һЩϵˮšĩڣŸպά꣬ûͨͱΣˣ
ĻԸǰһʱ⣺ӴǲܶģȻǵİ˳ָҪˮˡμ·Ǹˮŵǿһ¡ǳɥʬߵϪӸɽӵʱ򣬰취ϪֻҪ·Ȼͨˮžˣ
ˮըҩֳ⡣
Ըյ˵ͷĵ˵һſޣըҩֻҪ񣬿϶ը⣬ըҲܰըϣǳϪӡϪ볣ɽĵطȻԽӣζ϶ܴˮҲȽϼټɥʬ㣬ҾͲĽɥʬ
Ǯ̾˳ֲһ£ڱը֮ǰһ룬ٰżѻִһ֣رգ
ֳһᣬûʲô©Ǳʵز鿴һϾƻܹϵĽɥʬͳɽİȫһûл
ǸĴ£˳ųɽִ˴ӴȻ˳Ϫ·ܿ㿴ʮ׿ˮšˮŵԱ߻ЩûüῪĽϺ͹ߣǵʱʣµġ
Ҽǵǳи㽨ƵĺͱƵİɣֳĴ˿ĵκ⣬ͷװըҩһҪܰըģ
ƻֳѸٷ˰˳ֳķԸ£ӷ·һ̨ܵĻһ㿪ʼתʮӺҪ֡ըҩ͹ߵȶϣǹľѻҲһʱפؼϴ
ʲôĽɥʬĹڣ
ֳ֪ļƻʩ̲סһ¡ͨɫɥʬʱЩȺͺ档£ֳҲһ˳μƻܣըʱԳӦûʲôΣա
ͬͷǮǮޱϴŮѩҲһˡ
ֵһǣΪϴͶͳӺϲĸѩҲǵһʱܡֻŮܺ͵ġֲܸʦС˳ȥԹΣҲųΣȻܵȼߣ֮ǰգĽŮδܴ
ܵܶԼʵļӳɺѩܽչĻΪγʱ䣬ӯֳĳϣȻԱߴѯһֲ̬Ĳٿؾϡ
Ȼڳû˱ֳϤˣ
ѩѡĶûȴûʶԼΪ䵽ʩʱֱζһƯŮԼߣ֪⣬϶ҲЩ뷨ǣҲ˼ʻϣֻʱͨ󳵾顣
ΪʩѣǮޱ˿һЦ˳ǰš
һֳ⣬ʣȻȫƯŮڳڶв͵ĵλ̡˾еۺĽ޲ԼҲȥŮĽӴһ¡
ֻŮֳͬûô߰뷨
˻شѩ⣬ʣµľ񶼷˽ϣɥʬܵжⶨӦļƻıˣ
ûú»صϪӵˮϡ
ѻϸһΧĻܿѡһƬѻأȥѻǹˡըҩͱƵҲϵӣϹߣʼ׼㲻϶ȴЧ壡ɥʬλõҲ˳ȥһµִֳͻȥ취ǹ
֮ǼƵרҵԱOKƣֳǵѾ¾㱸ֻǷˣ


242 ʤʱ
˵ܲܳɹ
ŰƸߵ㴦һѻϸ΢룬ʮİܹһǹҪȻԼǹģȴжЩɡ
Աһѻ۾׼͵˭֪أĿĽɥʬķȱɥʬǿ㶼йҲɲģ
ϧ벻аȫĻõʽͲã
ĺˣôըҩмٹʵɥʬҲըƬҾͲţĿ껹ܻ˵ˣǼһǲĽɥʬ˵أ

һ׼ֳǿʼȴɥʬ١
Ϊƻ֮һֳȻźںġֻǣĩôúҲѧ˿ԼȻ⣬ȴʲôֻǰȴĲ߾ûôõ̬ˣСʲôȻܲεķս
ǹˣ
ĵĵ˺ܾãԶԶ̽ɥʬλõ˷ɿܻı档
ˣ
ֳԱߵǮԸȫɫһϲվֻĽɥʬĿ£߰ʮɥʬΧųɽ̫ˡҪǵİΧͱ취ֻȫѪɫɥʬ
ڣǰһĻᣡ
ֳʵһ£ɾִΰɥʬһ¡ֻѪɫɥʬϵֻɳһɥʬ׷ǣ͵ڰˡǻôըҩɲЩͨĶɥʬģ
ʮӺֳԸǳɥʬؾ·ϡ
ǰԶ⣬ɥʬȵ󿴵Ļ߰ʮĴһֱŵƽ⣬ޱ߼ʣ
ɥʬֵʱԽˣɥʬɱԭ߶ˡôɥʬɽ˼򲻹ǣǵװ̶ȫܴﵽֳرˮƽĸмֲʦǲȻǾ޿ܴӮģ
𣡡
ɥʬֳǵľԽԽҽ׵ľԶɥʬҵĺѾţɥʬɥʬгֳ˹
ɣ
ֳֻ֪аЩСɥʬȫɵпǸѪɫɥʬע⣬һֱϪӵˮϣ
ȹɥʬֻǶʮֻɥʬĿֲʦ˵Ǽֱ練ơ̼䣬ֳ˫ּһöӣըȫ졣Ǳը½мֻҵɥʬɱ˹ȴһֳܸв
Σɥʬע⵽˲Զࡣ
ݵİһģǧҵɥʬɥʬзѳУ˰˳ɵɥʬǶ⣬ֻɥʬӣ
˵ѾԹƲСģԾӪˣ
ֳ˵ģɥʬȻ⡣ֳûлñ֮ǰҪЩɥʬսѶȵġֻǣð뾶ʮסΧıڣֳȫԭظɵЩڵĹ
ܿ죬ֻɥʬʹǧֻɥʬ˹
ֳĶܼ򵥣ǽȻ󹽣ֻɥʬԼĿܡһгһտɫıˤ֮ɢżĹ⻷ΪģѸٳ˷ɢ
Ӵɥʬ˲˱һıԭأ
ǶɥʬһʱҲԴϵĺ
ֳĿ£ֻɥʬܺԸաǮڱûκι˼ɺǿʼЩɥʬ衢Ȼźɥʬʱֳٴñȫס
Ѿﵽм߶εֳ˵ٻʮסܵ
ǧֻɥʬ١˵ֻɥʬĵ£ʵҲû֧̫áֳϧĶӣըרɥʬܼĵط֣һըȥʮֻʮֻɥʬɥʬٶȸǿ죬׽ͬ˺ƬҺ
ܵķ˲ܣֳ˻ǳɹɥʬͨǰС
ȡʲôĴʩĻ˵ɥʬֳǧģɥʬǡʱƾôǿҲֻŷˡʱǰЩɥʬ˵뿪ˡڣֳҲ׼һըҳϻиȣ
ɥʬĴ̼ЧɥʬҲ⣡
ıըȻֻը˼ֻùɥʬȴɹļŭǡֳڳϴЧõĸȡڿտĺȥԽɥʬ

ֳɥʬѾ̲סʼˣԶɥʬҲڳɺԥСֳһϵеоŭɥʬеֻɫôʮеɥʬͻȻһ㶣Ȼĳֳӿ˹
ʮɥʬ׷˵ĳƾҴһӶû
ϵĿԳˣ
Ǯɫе׵һ䣬ȻѸٷֳԸҲд󣬸ϽϳãȻ׷ɥʬϪοȥ
ò˵ֻѪɫָӵɥʬǸͨɥʬͬûڣɥʬһ·ֳ׷ĺǣֱ̫ԶΪֹ֧ɥʬȴͬ׷һξƻȥ˼ֳǲòð룬½ƹ
ҲҺϪϵˮǹɥʬĵطԶȻҪʮ
׼ɥʬˣ
͸ĶԽֳǰʾһ䡣ʵҲ˵ʮɥʬһжĶԶԶķǣ
ע۲죬ҪȷɫɥʬλãִֻжΣſը
ɫɥʬпܶڴȺɥʬ룬λʱԶע⣡
ѻ׼׼мǲҪǰǹݾߣ
ֳһ򶨵Ķ£һ߼ɥʬľ룬ͬʱϿǹǡвɥʬɥʬ׷ǣϵѹҲǼҲҺø·Ѿ꣬ǲŲڱЩɥʬס
Ӻֳ˵ĳţ
ɥʬ󣬷ӵϹȥҲҺЩϵˮŲžޣȻܹסôɥʬͨлǸ⣡
ѻûĿ꣬ĿǰѰУ
Ҳûɫɥʬ
ۿŽһɥʬͨϪӵˮţ˵ĶǸǵֳϵѾȫһо͵ֻѪɫɥʬִϣȻѻǹ+߱ըҩ
ҷĿ꣡
žıԶԽĻѸģǴ̫ҫ̫߱Ӱûֹͣߵͨ΢Զһʹȥˡڣֳ˻ǸѻԱı档
ʤһ̼


243 ɱʯ꾧
׼Ŀֻɥʬм䣬һ𿪻𣡡
ѻϣָӵ˿ҲʮֻܹͨɥʬעȫеѾ̤ŵֻɫɥʬ͸ѻֻɫɥʬɼעĿɫ⣬ǾȵľͷϵһԽǣ
ֻһԽһһС䡣
ѵǻûȫ
ָӵľѻ²ţͬʱﲻϼλúͿǹʱ̡ӦģըļҲʮֵĽţͨԶֻɫɥʬ
ȻֻѪɫĹ֪̫ȻԼоһΣյϢֻǣﲻԣ̻ԷֱɥʬĹЮ£ֻɫɥʬǼŵһ˹ȥ
ŵжΣֻ׵ľˣ
ѻ־߶ȼڸָӵ˵£һԼͬĿ˰
Ϊ˲Ӱ쾫ȣȫûκʩǹԶΪǹʱ̼ͬǹһƬ·һڿǹƵġӵг߶ܵ巢ӵֻɥʬķ϶д˲ֻɫɥʬԴ
һǹ߳ģӵĽϣ
ֻĽɥʬ׻͵һֻǣʹǿ½巢ӵҪԾûһ֧Ǳȴݺݵشڸʮɥʬ˲ɢһʧȥԼ
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һӣõĸ߱ըҩͬʱ
ըҩķʮ㣬ըν춯أˮŴըɣϵĴɥʬ˲ƬһЩͽӹһٵɥʬڡڵˮУļĺԶѾԶֳǳҲ͵һȻǱˡ
ѪʯҳˮŸȫ
˺һᣬһֱעľѻֺͱըС˲ŵԿըֳͬϵʮֻɥʬ͸ɥʬһˮСУ˼ֻɥʬǻŵȥ⣬ȫڿоͱƬȻǼ̶ֻȼߵɥʬֳǿȵıըҲǱش
ֻɫɥʬӦû˰ɣ
ûֻ֪ܽŻðݺСеĺ棬ϣܵõһȷĴ𰸡ṦֳҲ׼õСºɵӵߡ
ΪʱʧȥֻɫɥʬĿƣֲڸ߰ʮɥʬɢҿЩɥʬԶε뿪еֳǺ;ѻֵҴڵĵطʱһֱжȴĺͻȻҵĶʱԿɥʬˮƺʲô
𣡡
ֳڣе˺ȻһŭޱȡִʹĺǾǣֱǵľϣͺñиֱ˵һ㣡
ô£
ֳǮԸֵ֪Ǵġ
Ǻ֪ܿ˴𰸡
£ԭѾɢҵʮɥʬ·õһ㡣ߵɥʬܲ˵Ŀʼ¡̼䣬кüɥʬŶȿֺЩɥʬܿ㱻ļĺûɥʬһ˺ˮ
ֳ˿ϡһĻ̲סЩˣ
üӺ·ʮ״ĺˮͻȻƿֻɥʬɥʬͬˮǵļϣȻվѾʧ˴롢ޱҵֻɫɥʬʮֻɥʬҧס³ˮҲɿڣ
Ȼû
ըһ̣Χɥʬס˺ܴһֵĳֻ·ıը޷ֵ°顣ֻǣԴڣȻֻʣһֻǣдס˸ɥʬǵİ³ɹӺˮվ˳
飡
ݵʧѻٶȱһֹϮɥʬв±ȳ롣
ڶֵľѻٶشֻɫɥʬֻǣԾɻûֻһֻ׼Ľ׵ĸ֪ɥʬԾʮǿԽɥʬ
ǹǿģô
ֳԵĸ̾һֻɥʬϰλʱ̲סЦ˳
ڼƻ֮ǰֳǾǹһĽɥʬûĽԣڸĺӰ½½߰ʮסȻͦɢÿλֻһţѾĽɥʬ˵ѹյһݣ
ֻһȳһաϰɥʬɲף͸ɥʬĲ౬ըֻɫɥʬһ
£еɥʬ״
ɹˣ
ֳԸաǮ񻶺һıóѸٳһɥʬϪӶ԰˵ʮɥʬʧȥԼ£ﻹǱȽΣյġʱܿٻ̽һҲ١
ϲúͲ²⽺УСʱܿȥˡ
ֳٴλʱɥʬѾɢˡʮɥʬԷһ֧飬ɽȥֻûĽɥʬƾܺһܵѾвɽˡ⻹ʮɥʬķε뿪ֻʣ˼ֻɥʬɢɢķֲš
СĵĽɥʬĵطʱֳ˿˽ʣһСεĺɫɥʬ塣⣬Ա߻һɫġɢ貹âʯ꾧
ǱȽ𾧻Ҫġǧͨ꾧ĳ꾧
ֳ˷ܵĽ΢һо㷢̺ǿֻҪˣԼܿԽǵżɹͻƵм˶ΡȻͿԽŨҩһٳΪ߼ֲʦˣ
һˣ˿ܵĽɥʬΧɽɥʬһٴɢ룬ǻʯ꾧ν˫աڣֳҪľǸϽȥϢ˳ϵˡ
ϾϵĺüǧҴѾѹ̫ˡֳһֱʲôʱΪ޴ľѹֳʱɾͲʰˡ
»ϺǱܿʮɥʬܿ˴ص˰˳
Ľɥʬ𣬰Χɽʮɥʬķѣֻʣʮɥʬˣ
һϵԸǾʹѸٽϢ
֮ǰһڣɥʬʼղߣҴѾЩʳˮа˳ӪغֳӵṩΪӵĶӵɥʬǴѹľƣĸоɾʱֳǻɱĽɥʬϢͻȻھʧ𺳺˶
˭˵ģɥʬֻʣʮ𣿡
Ľɥʬɱˣôܣ
ֶӳʶȻ˵ģӦûˣ갡ڿԻذˣ
̫ˣڵϣҪˣ
ǧҴ߻ǻɡǼͳͳƵϲáڵõֳ׿ȷϺ˶в˱ͷʹޣȻϲõˮ
˵ȴϢ̫ˣ


244 ߼ֲʦ
Ľɥʬɱʮɥʬֻʣʮڣ
Ϣ쫷ٶȴ˳ðЩӪصĸ߲š
ȷ֮ǰƺû˼ĽɥʬʲôӰɣô֪ɱֻĽɥʬʲôסԸգе㻳ɵʵ
⻹м٣ԸһӦ˵׷ʣһ߰ѸղŵĹ˵һ飺ȫɫɥʬǼûУըҩըˮк󣬸ϵɥʬȫȥæǻɱԭɥʬ˲ɢϪӵĶ԰мʮɥʬ⣬߾ֻʮˣ
ͨѪɫɥʬ
ԸյֳĿ϶ȷ㡣˷ܵ룬ǣӦѸٶ֣취ʮɥʬ𣬻Ȼʱ䳤ˣǸϪӶ԰ɥʬ»ϣǾ鷳ˣ
ԸոֳѸٸϻĿ֮һˣ˵ʧȥĽɥʬָӣȻȡʲôǶ༸Ҳ뿪Ȼ֪ʮɥʬڱָǰӦһ±ȽϺá
ֳǼ˽һ󣬰Ҵææܻηɽׯ˳ĸ߲ȥˡ
ֳ˿Ⱥ鼤ܵҴߣЦҡҡͷ򵥰һֳҲصפأʼǿտɫġӵŨ꾧
ȡ£ӿڣʵ
ܵۻ𽥽ӽ˶ƿܿʼǲ޵Ǵм߶ͨм˶εϰֻҪȥʹ󹦸ɣ
Ȼⴿ꾧ӵӴ߶ν˶ҪǸ֮֡ǰֳ˲ٸ꾧ȫպܴﵽһ壬ƫƫͻƲôһС
Ǽȴʼղһĸоޱܣֳ·ܸоµڵ㶼źҪֳע
Ž𾧣Ӧþȵͻˣ
ţֳҲסˡԸǴ˸кȻһҴ˺ʧȥĽɥʬԼԵʣɥʬɢҵεо䵥ɥʬֻ˶Ψֱֳ֮ȴţ
һСʱıֳĻ꾧Ȼͣ¸ϻصϡ
ս
µע£ڵʮڵһļ·ҪƵġһϲõĻǲͣЩֱһ޿ɵֵƳǲ
ڵܳḶֳ́ᳵ·ˡϸڵı仯ܴﵽǰĶʱ˳ɫĹâϳ֣ԴֳӵĳԱѾǼֲֲ֡ʦСĳԱ̲סĽǵȻ֪һͻƳɹֳͿֱܽ߼ֲʦ
һҪɹ
Լľţֳڵܷ·ʲôĶ顣Ѿ͵Ӵһһٰ嵽ȫµľ硣һ̣ɵٶγһȫµڵ㡣
ʮڵˣ
ЩдܵĽڵֳǿʵԴ˿̣ɵǸڵ㼱ٵţֱڵһº󣬲ŻĸǹϵȻϵͳС
м˶Σ
һΣõٻֲһֻɫĢ𹽣
ֲֻ־֪ʲôˡֻɫĢӣըƣ˲ɴ˺֮ͬǣ𹽵˺ߡΧ΢Сģޱȿֲֲܰͷֳһ˳ڵһӣ
׼ȷİվ룬ûáȻõĺãǱӣըҪǿֶΣ
м˶ˣ
ӵļ߲ʩŽֳ¶Ц⣬˺ܿ췴Ӧ˹𰸲˵Ҳ֪ˡ
ɹֳһԽȵܣ˷ܵĵ˵ͷ
ҪģӡṩϧһƷŨҩͻԲľ磬Ȼһٽʵ߼ֲʦ
ΪѾһһҩԵڶζһʱҩļ۸ֳǧľңŽƿɫŨҺһЧȷǷܹһλİͻƾ磬һ۸ȷ̫ߡֳ꾧ʣľȫţֻһ⣬˵治֧ģ
еá
ӡǸն֣Լ£
ĬֳóҩͷһںȥЩŨĽɫҺ̺صȻζûʲôر𣬵ȴѸڷá˲䣬ĴܾͷĴӿ˳ָоֻ֮ǰʯƬеʱŸܹ
ɫâԽŨʱԿʵʵġŵĽɫ㣡
̼䣬ֳһεٴθܵСȻŨҩˮЧڳڵԽʱҽĻɽ
ӳͣ
һҪͻƸ߼ֲʦ
ǹĦҲǱĳӸ߲ĬţΪԼʵֳʵϢϢصġֳֻԽǿҲԽǿҴҲԽȫ
ҩЧڳӣ
ֳٲȻбС̫ƣðŽɫâԶ֮ǰĶҪŨĪԼӺŨҩЧ׷ӡֳڵٶȴﵽ壬Ȼһɾ߼ֲʦľͺñǧ˻һ㣬ÿһͷǰһನֱֱͻԲľ磬ȻﵽһƬȫµأ
ָо
̤߼ֲʦһֳ̣һֲٶš
мֲʦ߼ֲʦֳɹٴ̤һ󾳽硣ȻĽڵ㲢ûΪԲľӣѾγɵİ˸ڵȴۣ۳һġҲģ
ϲǣľȻ˹ƵЧڳ͵һ̣ĺǸڵңӦͬʱӿתٶȣ³ĸӴҲڻֳ壬ǿıʵ
ζţٻֲٶȻ졢սʱָٶҲᱶ
߼ֲʦһΣ
ֳ۾һȫµʵȻӯվ
ٶȽȫתֳֻĲͬˣһжɼֻҪԸ⣬Χʱ䱻ĸоĿκһǹԶ⿪һǹʱȻ˸ٳŵӵ
ϲ֮£ֳᷢԲܵļٶ˲ɱ̶̼ӺٿӪ⡣УǸһȰӰ⣬ʲôûע⵽
ܸӵֻҪһȭһ׵ĸְ״򴩣Ϳ֪ˣ
ٶȺѾȫɥʬˣ


245 ӡȫµ
˵׿ֲʦֻǸֳһбͨ˵мֲʦζСɡڿ߼ֲʦľ磬ֳһκĵƣ
߼ֲʦж
ֳ˼»ԸաǮǺΧֳĸܡ
ֳֵЦЦǹָ׶Բ֪ˣҶֲֻܼӳɵʵ
⡭ʰɣ
ԸԼҪŰĸоһºǸǮƽһȫ£˵϶ðɫĹâ
Ƕֲ̬ಫ˿϶Ҳ룬ʤġֻܴʵļӳɣǾ˵ˡԸƽʱҲд˴Ҳ֪֪ס£˾ȫֳһս
ֻǣܷʵܹǸУ
ĸƣֳʱ򣬲ŷǵٶȺͷӦֳ˵ǸֳʵѾһʱĵزۿ˺ΧֳȻǿֱӴԸպǮķ϶д˳˳Ըײڵϣ
໣
оǹɾ޴Ը˱ײ˻ȥ
ѰΧֳʩǮޱ˼עǿɲסΡ׷˻ովȵǮһ߷ɣһ룬ƽļлֳƽӭȥڼ޵Ĺͷƿ壬Ȼסһˤˤ˵ϣ
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˵ĺΧ׾ͱֳϾ˫֣ʾͶ
УֻһоǾǿ죡ֳŵƽʱͷѾоֳͼƫƫܸʶ˵ǲ似ˣʵεĲ࣡ĸ˷оֳǿ˵ģȻһԻɱǣ
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Ը죬Լȼֻ֮ϾԼȻ뵽ǲˣ
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ǮҲеƣţԼͻƵмֲʦʱ򣬻ʵǿֳϡûȫףֳѾΪ߼ֲʦˡֲ಻ûСĸ
ڣֻǴǸ䲻ˡǵϤٶȺӦͲôǱˡֳŸջЩ˼ĸ״򷭵£ǿסٳֵҺοһ
ˣ߼ֲʦһΣӦûµֲٻɣʩһԼ˵ǿˣһҲȻ뵽⡣
ֳ֪Ը룬²֤ˮֲ̬˯
ֳɫ΢Щ죬ƺǷʲôֵĶһҡͷӸ߼ֲʦʼܶණԭĲͬˡӡֵĵ߸࣬һֲ̬Ҳ˱仯֮ǰǹ̶˳ģôǾø߼ֲʦѾӵ㹻ɣ»õֲǴӺֲģ
ȡģ
Ըһ漴뵽ĳϷЩǿֲɴϲһЩǿֲӦɥʬɾ׶ˣ
ʩҲͦʣǣʲô
ֳһ£ָţץһصֲ׮
ֻ׮°ͨ׮滹кɫƤĶϿִȼϨĻ档ûκεĹҲɥʬʲôθ֪Ȼ֮Чо㶹ӵԶȼ֮˺ߵĻ㶹
ֻ㶹ӵ˫˺ܶɥʬյЧ
û뵽ȻǮľһϲĵ֮ǰǹе㶹ǹԸɥʬûʲô˺ǿֲʦСһ׮㶹ǹ˺ͻˣ
ֳͷʵ˵Ҳû뵽һȡֲڵֳ˵ĳǷǳʱġһҪעǣֻ׮̬ĴڡֻҪֳҪʱԸֲʦСװһ
ҪҪһ£
˵ţֳг˫֣ȻɢŻɫâ̬Ļ׮װ˫ϡ˫ӵȻһſȼŵĻ㶹ԭɫĹ켣Ҳٺɫ
䣡
׼ʯȻ㶹ӵըһĽһϨͨӵ֮
Ȼֻ㶹еʱһ㱬ը˺
ΪŽ߼ֲʦֳϵܻġгʮ׮ȻǷȥÿһ׮֧źþãԶ㶹ǹӵã
ֳ˵ν߼ֲʦջ񲻿ν󡣲һʱĸоǻǿֲ͸ܡȻȴеջܿ߼һ̣ӡҲȫµĶһѡ
мϻһ۸200ҡ
ǽһ۸500ҡ
ʾݰңһ۸200ҡ

ȴһʵԸߵĵ⣬ӡﻹһЩؽֲĶһѡ˵Կǵֲ˫տԼ㶹ǹ֣
˫տͲ˵ˣֳָܹܻٶȵõ˫սʱ߶ϼͿԲõܵģٻְˡ㶹ǹ֣˫ֵļǿ汾һοķ㶹ӵҲǱϸջõĻ׮ôһǹ־Եֵϰ˫ֵй֮
ĻɥʬǰҲܽǵķˣ
һֳ̲סҪһǹֵЩصֲٻֻҪ㹻ľңҪܽáֳ˵Ȼޱںֻǣǰļ۸ʱֳ·𱻵ͷˮ
һ˫տٻҪ5000ң㶹ǹҲҪ4000
նһŨҩˮֳĿѾ֧ˡǣֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿֲĽܡ
ϧ
ε¿ˮֳעŻصղſЩϡʱòֵ㶹ǹЩ۸˵ĵ߻Ҳֵÿǡ
мϻһοԷӡٻ㶹ֵ
ڳϻķȲ󣬵ϻ󴢴ʱȴǴˣ˵ҲԱһ£޴ĸı䣬ʱϻôӡԤ֪ҪɥʬģսǵǿԿǰһһЩս棡
ǽߣֳԺٻļǽ;öȻøߣҲҪֳעҲָܻ𺦵ĵطЧ̫죬ǵ۸񣬻ֵһԵġ
ڱ˵ԵʾݰңЧ͸ˣ
ĵ߶ɥʬĸоǳһɥʬӽʾݰһǧףͻԶʾȻֻʹΣĳЩʱȴԴرѲʿ鷳


246 ˵
ϻʾݰҺͼǽֻӡ³ֵĵбȽдԵļ֡⣬вߡ
ôЩĿĶһߣֳ˷ܺҪһͷ⣬ֻʣ˶ԾҵĿֿͱ˴ʹɱɥʬĶɱɥʬܵõ꾧˻꾧ʵʣµľҾͿһߣȻøǿʵɱɥʬ
˵⵹һԵѭ
λܵشԼ³ʰŻôŵİɡõֻܵŻԱҲɥʬвߵջ±ɨβ
ΪʲôǵӡֻܴŻ꾧ûһĵߣӵĹܲȫۿֳӡĶֺöϵԸպǮٲҪ߶䣺Ҳûʲô꾧ʲôûʣ£ص˷Ѱ
ƽҲͷֻǵֳԼڽҪʲôֻǵͷȴûſڡ
ңҲ֪Ӿһ֣ҸҲһġֳ˵ȻҲԸ⿴Դ˷ѣû취ܵĺĲ֣ĹӡǵȣҲȫ֪ҪҾֻλܵļһˡ
ϧˡ
ԸϧҡҡͷȻ뵽ʲôڵˣղŶӳʱ򣬰ǽ㡣һ£ƺӦʮɥʬ¡رϢ˵Ѿ糣ɽĸӪˣܻһ֧Э˵ж
ŶǺ°
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Ըյ˵ͷô˵٣ҪôӪһж϶ҪһЭָӲҿǵ˼ԼȥὫ˵ָȨʱ䳤ˣľܽȫԼˣ
ֳеεĵ򵥵˵Ȩඣ
û취˵ĵطⲻ˵ģֻҪܰһķΧСĽԾ󲿷кôǸľ͵ùϳ֡˵ţԸЦЦϴ˼أ
ֳһ㶣漴׹Ըء
Լӽǧ˵Ȼ˳ס£ǾͲɱҪɽıʵϵԸյ˼ȷ֣γɽСӪصȡһ쵼λá㲻ΪԼı˽ҲñռǸλȻԼ⣡
ǷŵǰֳǷҪ롣ɲǰŸԼ˸ںڵĿꡣΪ߼ֲʦǸĿ꣬Ѿﵽˣ˵ʵ˳ĽĿꡢһȫӪأǸҪǵͶˣǳӸɥʬ£ҪΧҴߣ
ɣΰЭ̣Լ˵Ǹᡣһ쵼λãҲһȫܳԶչӪأ
뵽ֳʱö⡣
һȥҪúȡһ
ûãЩļƵͱ˹ֳ֪ԸյĴ룬Ҫж쵼ȨʵҲѡʵ˵ǶӳƻǺԵģĽɥʬǶɵģҳʵҲֽ¼͸߷կǴ򷭡ƾ㣬סˡҲͬԣҵжԵӪؿܻᷴǣˣܻᱻų⣡
ôôأƽʵ
ЦЦȻﳤܶˣܱô˵Ǿǿ뵣쵼Ӫصʵ빻ǿɽʵǴңҪֻǰ˳ӪرֻҪѹǣ˭Ҹ

ֳ˵ͷĻʾͬĩȭͷĲܵϴ󡣰˳Ȼֳӵʵȴѹǣ˵ֳӵܵĿֲʦС顣֮£Ű˳ô˦ǵɣ
ΪҪӪ˶ⳡЭ̵Ļֱϰ˵ſʼ
ΪּӺͳ⣬⽫ηɽׯһ˳װκİɽˣ˿̣ʮյ͵ƺ򣬽տİյͨ͸
ʮСӪص˲ⳡ˳ӪطЭ̻飬ۿԼʱ䵽ˣɽ֮һĳ¼͸߷կ˻û
˵Ӧ
ֳǴܺӪصشȻ½ָһЩȴȫʢʱࡣΪʲôڻûϤĻȻĺܡǲʱͷӶ۷׷ף뿴İôӦԡ
ֳλҲףڰ˳ӪصԱߡԸվλã˲ɫĹ۲ŰҺˣ˳ŻĿʼ
˼ˣ
ۿѾӣŴһ󣬸߷կͳ¼һһ˽ǵֳǿƽ˵סֻӵȻô˵ȴŲΪȻļ飬ǹģ
ӵǹģôӪصѶˣǳٵôҶ㣿
ʮ꣬Ҳǰ׻ġ֪ҵԼѿȴڲᣬǽӪصƳڡȻôһ˵ϵӪص˶ʱԹ
ŭѷټԼӵҲֻǿЦݣڵǸ
ʱԶһЩСӪҲ˸ϵˡ
λɣ
˵ˣҲڸ¼˾к¡ʶҪʼˣǷ׷Σֹͣ
ԭҺİȻ
λиϢҪߴҡһˣĵͷȻĸλӦöµˣһҪ˵һ顣ǾǣΧɽһܶİʮɥʬѾɢˡڣͣڳɽϰɥʬѾֻʣʮ򡣶ңָǵĽɥʬҲˣ
κҴ˵ⶼһϢΪˣ°˴ϵ°ƣһƬϡϡ
˵´Ҷ֪ˣͱ˷ʱˣϽ˵⣡
ǳ¼˵һܵܣγ¼˾Ϊ׵ġԼ϶֣˺ûȵĿϣŶȣһȫûѰӡ
ԴˣȻȴʲô
һȻΣѾ⻹ͬɥʬָڳɽϪӵĶ԰ǲܼʱȡһЩʩȺɥʬϵĻ˵ǻǳɽ˴鷳ԣϣ취ָɵȺʮɥʬ


247 ˭ȭͷ
ֳɽĴСӪأӦεɥʬ
˵֮ǰɥʬΧһڵķͿ̫ˡЩɥʬҲޱȻʮɥʬлв׵ĻɫκһӪܵµġԣǱȻ
ͬ⣬ǳɽ͸úˣ
Ž
ʮӪصʹ˷׷׿ڸͣУģһЩԾӪǧˣǳ¼ӪضˡģСӪأֻʮˣȫĩǰԼһ֧Сӡ
ܹģСɥʬǰƽȵġԣǶϳֿ϶̬ȣ
ֻȻû飬һϸҪ۵Ķ̫ˣ
⣡
һ¼ӪعϵӪʹվ۹ƵʵһʱʵģⲨɥʬͽɢõģΣʵϵĻҪиͷˣȨָô֣
ʵҲĵģۿһ˵꣬Ҷʡ
˵ĺãͷУҾãҪѡǿϴ
뵱ϴûһҪǿֵסǡȻĻҵһ
Ҿûǽʵˣǳɽһˣȴʼ˷ɢҲǸ°ĻӦɥʬǻȡԴһЩ

һЩ
ۿҪӣ¾ŵ˭Ҳ֪ɥʬʲôʱɱ⣬룬δһʱġԣΪ֮һǵǳһڵĺƶȣΪ˷񣡡
˵Ǻܲò˶ˡ
ȻͨҴױƣ¼͸߷կ˿ûôɵǶ԰˵ֻ֪ʱʵϣֻҪԴҼ˵һȻԼһ𹥴ɥʬͳˡȻǰڳļƣȻǶ˵쵼Ȩͼıģ
ԣڵִ֮ǰӪؾˡˣȴ˵ʲôҲð˳˵ϴ󡪡Ȼǰǳ˴ͬҲУ
⣬˭Ƕû
ͷƶ£ڵĺ˼ƻݶȻ׼ֶˣͽгɽԾˣϽʮһСȵԾӪءȻеʵҲô߼ң
˵Ĺز࣬޷Ǿô˵ҴӪزܻ๥ִȺɥʬϢҪͨ棬ڱҪʱԮֵȡУĵһǳһ֧ɸӪسɡּڶԿɥʬϲӡеսԱƽʱӪԼѵɥʬֵʱ¼ᣡ
Ҷܳˣ
ҲһҪע⣬ǲĻ²СЩӪضűʵȵͷ
ȻӪرð̲סҪ
ܳʮˡ
Ӫܹһٶˣд붼ûʲôսҪһЩԱԣֻܳʮ
𣿡
ԽԽȳ¼͸߷կҲһ޳ֺһŭǺãȻҶ룬ǾһɢˡȫˣĶɱɥʬҿǹȥ;ͲˣҾˣʮɥʬεţʱܽǵĻأǾȻ벻ǰ˳ǲɥʬǲ£ǴҾͼָԭˣ
ŭĻȻˡ
˵ûʵǣ˳ӪȫĺеϣӪȫһԵȥӪȴУҲǰ˳Ӫɱﵡ
ң֧ӵָӻʱг˱40%µģһɲ෴ģǾָ֧Ǹ
вջǶԸõֶΡ
һǧˣ
ڰʿ£Ӫضó˴󲿷ֵսֳҲһ˵֡ڶӪزòѪʮˣǸˣеսԱȻǧ٣
˵ĳɽҴߣսԱıͽӽһ롣
һͨϵĹһȺߵıǾ޷֧ŵġʮһսѾˡɶҴ˵ǼûκڣɵԱҲ붼׳ԣԲƫĵıһ֧ϲĳˣ¾ǳɽõóֵˡ
Ȼһָ֧ȨҲ˵Ĵѡ
ʵָȨģȻӪغֳĳӡʣµȻ֪֮ҲԼں˵ָӻһЩһʲôʱҲ΢ƫһ¼
ǵˣһָӣʮָͨӡ
Ļ˵꣬ڶҴ߾ȿֺվ˳ƴԼȡ
ǳ¼߰ˣټһֱվڶԿɥʬĵһߣָӦûʲôʰɣ
һָͨӵ
ҲҪһ
ʮ˵˷첱Ӵ֣ǹִšгչơָֻӵʮӪصʹ˭õʵ׻ǿʵָֻӵĹ£Ӫط˼ҵֳҲֹ֮ǰԹۣʼϼᣡ
𳳣
Ȼλãֳԥվ˳ҪͷģʵһҪǿȻƾʲôҶԸɥʬǳǧˣػǹͦװ׳ͲһӦȫۻǵ֮ĵһ˭֮ǰ¼͸߷կӪֽǣ״˻ȥңָӰʮɥʬĽɥʬҲǱǶɱģҪȻΪЩɥʬôɢ
ʲôǸɵĽɥʬ
ϢòСӪص˾֮ǰֻ֪ĽɥʬˣȴôôġֳĻǲԭǰ˶ģ
ϢټܹӪֳȻɵƣò¶˾ġȷĩ˭б˭ܵϴ󡣶Ĵ󲿷˵ϲ˲Ϊܰȫıô
ԣվʾֳͬǸָӡ
ȻӪȻĿֳλáǰ˳ˣǳͷ飬Ȼ׼ôֳժȥӣ
ҷԣֶӳȻʵϾǴӰʡġǳɽĶǱˣôһز쵼
Ҳ˵һЩ˸ı˼
ʵ˵ֳЩˣһ˵ָӶҲЩִֻɥʬеĩʵѹһеĶ
Բ˵ɺӪصĻĬмֳֻû˿ʾԵĸв


248 Ϊ
ǴҪһ˵쵼ȻιɥʬҪһǿĳӶӳָӣ
ֳһڣϬԴǷǵǸĸ߷կˣĵô˵ѵǻϴαĲʹڴҼȻͬһأͬɥʬвһˣͱʲô˺ͱˡô˵ǲǿΪ
㣬̫Ϊǻ㣿
ֳķһ䣬Ǹ߷կ˶ʱŭȴԾе㷢顣һ仰ʱɤе΢΢
ϴһǧˣҹϮֳĳӷشȷŵ˲ˡ
һ㣬ֳע⵽ˣӪصʹҲˣɰҡͷһ仰ˣƾ־֪߷կʵûʲô˲ţȻҲ˹ǵϴ󣬿ҲԵΰ
ô߷կͳ¼˲У˳Ӫصϴܿ˰ɣ
վ˳ǸֳȻʶ˵ʱ۾ȴĳǱ߿ȥѵõ˳Ӫظָ߲ʾ
Ҳÿԣ
˻ġǼıʾ֧֣ðﰵͷ漴Ŀŵֳϣ뿴Ĵ㡣
ֳ˿壬һЦȴû˵
嵹ǻ⣬ǰһ˳ʹٵָӵλãǾĳΪ֮ĳɽһˣӪؼǵĶ֡ʱһ۸Щˣô죿ǵָӣʱƫУǸã
ǵڶƣ
¼͸߷կѾԼ϶ûϷˡֳǿ£˶ҲòλáȻˣָӦþֳӸ˳Ӫ֮䡣˵ʣµľͿ˭λвˣ
˶ǱԸɥʬĳЩ鵹С̴Ļ졣ܿ죬Ǿͷ֣һ˵λûƽ
Щ˿ֳˣȷϤҪʲô»ҪǡҾлּۻۡһð˳£ǵʵĿԽˡ뵽ԭһЩҡڲġְ֧˳˶ʼԮֳ
ԼӵʵһǿƵȻٷ˫£ô󲿷֧λ
һԼλãǿɾˣ
ֳ˿˵飬ԼǸĿ꣬һЦ
ͬʱͼ˳ĸ߲ҲֳͬʱЦǷֳıֳԤϣƶЩתǲġΪΪֻҪԼϣüڳͷֳܼΣȻȵָٰӵλԼλñĸΣ
ʵ˵ǶֳʵҲЩɵġʵǵֳӲһΪİϷ
ôҲֳ֧ӳ
Űı̬ɽĺʱȶֳΪסӪضвָӲʽͳϽӪϴճǧսԱв˶԰˳̬ЩɣȻ׿˵ǾͲ̫ٷϣ
ֳָӾΡ
ҪԵĵһ⣬ָǧȻɽΧЩɥʬ룬ҲҪǻʮɥʬȽ
־ڽЩԼֳ˵εıҪղŵõ󲿷˵֧֣Ȼ滹кܶĴǡԼαֲãλÿԺˡõİ취һɾʤǶԼ
ֻҪԼܴɥʬϮպλãҴҲӦˡ
ôֶӳôԸЩɥʬأ
϶Щٵİڳһϴ˼𾴵ĺܣ̬ûʲô޵ģֳȴоĲΪ⡣ȻԼܳ¼͸߷կǲǳ׾ηԼ
ЩֶΣֳҲܲ³һЩǰԵĵô쿪ʼҰŵֶɹϣҪгࡣϣһȺȫװľ񣬶ʲôҴĳ˵ǰͷȻǶأǴҸصľһҪءңҲҲ㣬Ҫǧ˵룡
ֳôһ˵һЩת˼˶ʱȻƵЩͷ
һЩκ˵̸˳ꡣе˸ˣеʧ䣬ģǶ˺һЩ
ĳɽҴʲôأ

Ҵǵĸ飬ֳӵĶԱǲε˷ˡȻʱֻϵָӣԼӳܿһСϴˣȻҲҪŻ
˷ܺϲ£ֳӵرԱ³ˡڶһ磬Ǿͷ׷ʼΪԸɥʬ׼ֲʦСҲӵ׼ֳ£ǻһսأЩܵĿֲʦսʱЩĿõһĻҴǴܳ
ʱ򣬣ֻҪֳƳֺþ͸׵ȴޱʵõֶΣǲ
һһļƻֳǺĵġ
ֳָ̫ص㼯ϵĸӪսԱҲԽԽࡣ˵ĻЧҲ֮ǰӪصһãЩӪصûˣʲôСֶΡȻûԼǿĶԱȫɳҲó˴ʵȻȲֳرһ»ǿɿһõģ
£ǿζͳơˡ
ҪԶʮӪصڶʱһ֧սȷһ൱ѵ¡ҪǵĴ䡢ӳǲͬӪؼĳ޹ϵֳƽ㡢ڤ׼Ƴ˲֮ǰЩ˲ţ˵ҪæҡӦˡ
ˣµ˽ǧսԱʱҲѾ󳬹Ԥڵʱ䡣ֻǣڳԶͷƿصĿǣֳԸӪص˴ɢĸ֧鿴ҲһʱԷս
ȼѵһָǼס顢䷢ҩһʱѸٹȥˡ
ֳûɥʬȽΪܶҴ߻ǾûҪġǿνˣǴһӵϰˣΪʲôҪһȻزûľô࣬ҲЩΪȻ
ֱӳȥɱɥʬɣ
սԱԼֱֳǱ޼ɵֱ顣˳ǲע⣬Ȼ͵͵ԼӪءԴˣֳ׷˹ȥĸطЩսԱ˼棡Ǹڱ棡
ֳ֪Ҫ֧ѵɿɿҪ黹кܶࡣò˶ãͼܹЩΪã


249 ҵ
׶أ±
ɡ
Щ㲵һ߿ļһ˵һԴӴͨߵǳսʧܺɫһֱôá죬ڼôõϢΪʧԵЩ
ôټصĵλǲɶҡ
ܿ죬һȫƷڵӱڵĴ˽ǷĿǰȫĵ±Ծû¶ס
ǻˣְıڿҪȡˡǰˣûκζĶͱ飬Լõɵпѵ˵ֱǲֵܳ飡ȻѾˣȻѪӢҲЩɫ
οһﻹǿһӣ˵һ˾ɷʮ־Ӣǵɱһֻɥʬ
ͬ־ɡ
λ뻨Ѿ޴תˣƿļɫͰվݿλȫƷܳĶ͸֣ȴܿεĺɵĲмԼ޺ޣ
Ȼ񼫺ãҲûܿʵġֻһ죬˳˵ЩСӵ¡
ҵҲܳȣıָת֮ǰûκôشôشȻ˻̬Ȳû˿仯⡣ĥǷбҪٽ֧Сˣ
˺һϾø齻Ĳˣ˵νĿġ
֮ǰշߵսĺܲҲΡЩɥʬ·ָƵģȻЩķ޴ĴۺɳȥڵõһݱȽϿɿǾָǵɥʬܿһֻѾĽ׵ĸ֪ɥʬ
Ľɥʬ
һ˵ϢҲΪݡ
֮ǰȻҲԺͲ²⣬ойĽɥʬġվֻԣ档ڴϢӦˣɥʬѾôĽɥʬָʲôأ
ľȺ΢΢ȭʼϽ⡣
û̫ãϾͽҿյףҲ֪˵ʵͳɹʼȫȡǿ̶ȡɥʬĲ˵ʵͷչȡĽɥʬĲǲз磬ת˶ܻóսȻ˵Ҳܰת˵ĺ֢±أ
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ߣϽѾȫסȻϣԼһĳȻ취ɱֻĽɥʬĽɥʬ;ǰȻص㣬Ǹӵģ˵ľɵϣ
ͣһ£Ǻòռ鱨ֻĽɥʬͼɥʬ˳ųһ·ִ˲ˡΪͨŵжϣϢ϶в̵ӳ٣»мѭġԣϣԳؽ鷳˲ҲҲо׷ȥ֮ҪҵֻھսеĽɥʬ
ֻϣ
˱ƱļˣԽľٶûֱȻ΢ġһʲô˼£ֱ¾ͻ̱ɼˣ
ԣϵҪֻܹԹԵͷܡ湧㣬ֻкô
ҵͷЦЦԱһݱע鱨˷һ£ȷϢƣʡֹһЩصߡǵǧٹ֣ҲЩˡݱкܶΪǼٵģȻҲĵʾĿߺ֤ˡȥĻ˳·Ҳһ֤£νߵǷĴڡ
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΢ɼüʵôֶ˭ڿЦİɣǷ񾭿ۣ
ҡҡͷŵĩǰҿ϶ҲšȻɥʬ˳֣ΪʲôͲأң鱨ҲǾʵģһݶûУ
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ǿĸ֣ǼǺ𾴵ġ
ֽӵˡҲǣչ֮ǰϽĻ˵һ飺£Ǿͻ˲һ·ǧģ߾˺ӵˮ·Ҳ̫ȫܻ֪Ҫأ
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е㾪㵵㶣漴ԹѡǶɥʬ֣ҲֹһλùʤΪˣǲ˽ɥʬĿֲĽɥʬʵԶܶԸġֵҵǣֻھսϵƺһֻ֪ɥʬʵӦò̫ǿ
ζţǻлᡣ
ʲôģƺеӵˣϵģ˴
ң˭ҺһѾɥʬ׵ЩŤǲģȻˣǾֻķݡͷֵ֪ͨܣرܣø³Ķйģһô㣬Ҫάνƽ⣬úڣ
Ļ˹
ܵǶΪԸƻʱƣﶼ˺ڵǲ˲ˡĶҲ޷˵ƺڵΨһĿľǶԿɥʬżЩ߲һЩѶȵίУ
ȻԤںҪġ
ʵһԤĳ˲࣬Щ˵ͻԽĲ֮ǰôѵ͹䣬ϾҲˡһЩںźľȻʹȴһֱȥǸ߲ǵʱ򻹷ǣ˱뷨ֻǣһ뵽ٵÿֺʵЩе뷨ͬеĻһѸϨ
Ȼô˵óĻҪġϾһ仰˵ĶԣҪʵҲҪĽɥʬ
ҵ£СԱܿ׼ȻھĳЭ̤ǰ˲·еģܼƶʮS.H.RԱ


250 ָӵĵһս
Ǽ㣬ϾҪɥʬˣôЦĳ
ǹ֧ҩÿٷӵĻսʱרɷһ׼Ӽϡ
Ķӳָװ׳ϼϣٶˣ
һĳֳ࣬Ѷǧ˵ҴŪһ֧ӵĳΡֳһ֧ִвõĶ黹дѵʱ䲻ˣۿٹһЩɥʬͿܻϣֳòѡս
ԱϴϢǾʮɥʬѾʮˣ
ۿŴսڼֳϽЩԲͬӪص½˹ٶһܶ˵ǧ˶ԸʮɥʬӦӮΪ˼Сʧǽһã
ӳĸŵԱȫˣ
ָӣװ׳ӺͻڱӵҲ׼ϣʱս
ǰ˳ڵĺزѾ
ŸָӵĵЩϢҲڻܡֳһµĽ£Ÿ齨һƬǿսǰ׼кüӪصΥľٶֳɳĶսӵв£Լ
л˶һ̣ĸŹʮӪ˲ӳΪֳһѶ۶۵ĸֵһȡ£ųĸӪλñֳߵ£
⵶ڻûҲܲ˳֣վǼвˣ
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˵һû˭վ
ֳѲһȦĿӪصͣһ£ĵûʣǻȥͺúִСǴս˭˴󡢻սԳ˵ȣɱûǰʱֱӰָӵλöģ
Ϊ˷ֹĳЩ˵սˣУòǰ뵷ңºҲʮĽںɿԸԷ
ȻֳĻһмɫ΢΢ˣҲеסˡ
и⣡һ¼ָվ˳ʵɥʬʧ϶ܴǳ¼һ˶ŵ棬ǲǲƽ
ֳһۣĵָͬ־ǳӵͬҲİٶսǶûƽʲôñԹģô⣬㻹ʲô˵𣿡
һ㶣㬵˻ȥûˡ
а˳һӪʵʮɥʬ棬϶кܶɥʬһɥʬֵסǷǰˣ
ֳӵ۹⿴һۣƾ߼ֲʦ֪о˵ûġֻҪֳ񶨣ͿԽֳֳشԣǱĳЩ˼İ˳˾ͿĻӣڹؼʱͱֳһɨأ
ǻˣ治ûش𡣿ɶԿ߼ֲʦֳ˵ѹͲʲôΪûָЩڵһսо͸ȥôɥʬ
ԣֳĻشǣʲôûӵǰԲ˽Գˣ
ǸӪвεĵ⣬һ˵ĵɣʮɥʬ˵Ҳкüʮֻɥʬ඼пܣôɥʬƾͨĲǹͻǹ˭ܿס˵ĻǲǾҪҶˣͿԱԼĹˣ
⻰ʱõü˵ͬͣǶǶֳָӲˡ
ԴˣֳֻЦһʵɥʬսв˵ģָӵλø㣬ôһ˾ȫ𣿡
Ҳ˿ˣԵ˵սģҵ˼ǣɥʬĹʱóľ͵óäĿ
ֳԽۣ̲ʵɥʬǶ٣һֻɥʬ㣬Ҳ˵ɥʬȻѾͷ˾ϲ˵ʡĳ塣ңɥʬ࣡

û뵽ֳʵô࿵ĵôҲʮֻϰɣǵʮֻϵɥʬǾû취ˣֻȳˣ
˵⻰Ҳû
˲һǧ˳ͷĹģͻʮֻɥʬĳ棬ǶסģȲ塢͵ʲôҲѡο֧Ǵʱ齨ģ˴˼ܶ˶ϤԷʮɵս
ǺãʮֻΪޣ
ֳˬĵ˵ͷǸӪеˡЦɥʬԽԽ࣬ʮɥʬĻϰֻסôɥʬƽҲжʮֻܽǵţʱǰˡֳָӣΪԼĵһսʤõţȻ᲻ϧѪսһսֳܳΪ˾
ʱô󻹲ǵ⣿
ţû˵ʲô˻ȥһЦ˻мڼԴһֳͬҲƺʤȯա⵹ɻˣҲü˵ʲôһʡܱ
˭ʲôûеĻˣȥ׼ɣСʱս
ֳ˻֣ʾЩ˸˼˿ȥˡǿ뿪ǰֳֽסǣޱЩŵǷĺˣɥʬǳӵӦԡ©ɥʬҲᳬʮֻġԣǾû˽ԳĻᣡ
ʲôӦɥʬ
ĻǾǲмҲû˵ʲôֻͣһ±뿪ˣֻ硰֪̫嶯ۣ֮
̼䣬װ׳ǰֻʣֳĸ
ԸաǮƽڤ˶ΪųӪǱӦȥӣΪʵߵĿֲʦֲֳ뿪ڿս֮ǰֳʹӳγһˣоƽʱͦдֹ۵ģڿʱǸָӡ
ҲһᣬֳƽʱûĴһ˲ո¶ͷǣ
ѾӵϴҲɥʬٽʱǽֳʱȫ֡Ϊ˱ʾΣֳҲȫȨ
˭춯ֱǹУ
ֳĶȻǲӦʵĺĺڵͷ˵ֳô˵Ҳ
һ׼ֳ˿ԼЩɿ£ⳡսͰдˣֻʤܣ
ʤ
ǮԸգǺϴǣһ㶼ޱȼţ


251 ɱķ
鱨ɥʬֻ幫ˣ
²úõϣֳһԱı棬һԶšΧǧսԱѾ͸λս׼
ɽĵƽ̹ûʲô̫õƸߵռݡֳҲֻ˸ԽϸߵɽڣȻ˶ãôиϵơۿɥʬԶԶĳ߾ͷսԱǷ׷սǹȴֳ
ײú𣿡
ΪɥʬһҪϣֳȾÿֲʦСȥİٿţ
ɽʱֳµĿֲʦСԱ࣬ʵҲгӦģõҲɱ׵ĺ棬ʵ͵ĳֲʦõֳǰһġװ˻׮˫֡Ļ㶹˺ߣȻɥʬҲ޷ӣ
ŵĻǹֶ˵ĳЩ⣬ֳΪʲôҪⰲѵ˵ǵʲôرĵط
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ܿ죬ʮɥʬƺƵ˹
ôɥʬٲսҴ¶µɫΧǧҴߵȷ٣ôͬٸһЩȻҲв˲ֳεսֻǳĬĴսͼҳȫĳ·ߡ

ƺǸо˴ϢԶɥʬǹֽŷ˳ǧƵĶɥʬȳսԱõֳķԸԲûеһʱأǷЩɥʬų˹
ôɥʬֳ˵ѹ
𣡡
׵ľֳǰ˹
˵Щ˵ǹײԸ׵ľ롣ֻҴʵβ棬ҲԶֳ¡ǵɥʬӽף˵˻ŵǹղˣԻǰĺã
飡
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ǧһ𿪻ǳ滹൱׳۵ġɵӵ׵ľ뽻֯һĵĻȻнһ붼ƫˣʣ赲ɥʬĳɥʬػǹĴѸٵأȻͬݺݲ˽£
գۼ䣬ֻɥʬͱҴո
վڵһ߹սֳһעɥʬеɥʬĶһ߹۲˲ӵʵĳӪػЩʵģҲԸܱȲֳĳӣЩСӪصǿˣշԼһı۰
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ܿ죬巢ʹżĺХɥʬܼĵط
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뵽ӭɥʬսԱ𽥷ſֽţʼȫͶ뵽ɥʬսСʱսҴҲԾԾԣвٲ˽ԿǹܿͱֳºͶսֹˡ
ΪһֻʤҪʤսֳɥʬԼϡţǷֵһЩѹһɥʬǴֳûָ룬ƾڵıֺ͸˼ǰ첻ģ
עⱣֻĳ
ι˵أ쿪ǹѹסǹڣ
սļһЩûôôģսҴ߲ʧָӲʱĺǳ£ǲڱֵ̫Ҳ̶áĥϺӦ󣬲սսԱֵ𽥺
ʱɥʬҲʼǳˣ
ʮֻɥʬɥʬ಻סΣʮɥʬг˳Щ׸ߵĴͷǰ棬ɥʬһּٳ˹һֶɥʬĺ棬ӵ
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ȫ죡
෢չʲôزȱĳЩӵļһǵСֳҲùܣһ׼õĵơ
װ˻׮˫СӿʼԤȿ
ֲʦСҲվĺ棬ʱ׼֣
װ׳ӺͻСҲһһҪͻῪ
ֳ˵ʱɽԶʮɥʬͬģɥʬǶܴӮǧˣҿֲʦСҲǿˣʤǱȻġֻǣսԱɲô롣ôֲɥʬԼһɫף֮ǰҲɢ˺ܶࡣ
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޴ıըɥʬӴǿ״סõķΧСЩ׵ȴû˵ը֮£ɥʬҲЩܲס˵ɥʬˣһУٶҪܵˣըɣ
װ˻׮˫Ҳˣ
Ȼ࣬һĻ㶹ӵȷסףױ˺üֻ̫ɥʬ
ʱû赲ЩɥʬǺܿܶĻأȻʼɱϵҴҲòԼѪ֮ɥʬþ޴ɵǡסǣȡ㹻ʱ䣬Ǿˣ
߼ֲʦֳǸվˣ
Ȼ󹽵һʱֻɥʬȻǱ˲סɥʬӣըԽ©ɥʬǿܵļӳֱӽɣ
һֳѾᳵ·ˣңΪʵǵԵʣһԵ࣬ȫû֮ǰļѺɬһЩɥʬܿӱѳҪɱֳٶѾѹɥʬôܻᱻɥʬתŲ䣬ʮֻɥʬУת
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пһĻҴߣȫɵˡǲףǸȰӵġǸףΪʲôôɥʬᱻԭءɥʬҲᵹæ
ٶȿǹĿǺɥʬ
ɥʬȻ˴ǵξǼɥʬ
һĻѾЩߵֳ·׷ߺЩڷҴǽѡܿ죬һϡǹܼ
ֳѾסɥʬֲʦСҲСĵĸϡǮǵĴ£׷Եһսʮֲʦļ룬Щɥʬٶȴӿ졣ϰӣըȥ󣬵Ѿ˺öɥʬʬ壡
Ĵɱķ׼ֳЦӪصɵۡ
ܶԸɥʬ
ֳ֪ܰЩصȴûôǿһ֮סʮֻɥʬ֪ΪʲôͻȻЩڣ


252 
ֳ֪ôǿôϸǿˣЩСڵľûĻ
ڣҲ١
ô˵Ӫڻͬһϣе顣ΪɽıӪأǵʵҲСӡֻҪֳָӵλãٶҪǣ
ڰǵ̣ҲǵĻᡣ
ĥθǿϵʱɥʬǷһµĹơ˲ٽȼߵĶɥʬʮֻɢҷֲɥʬȺеɥʬҲû֣ɥʬһ˳
û´ĻӦʮɥʬɥʬˡ
սϵµɥʬŵǣʮֻɥʬֻ֮һѡʣµԶĲӳ˹ȥ
Сģɥʬˣ
һֱڿֳǱݵĲսԱһ漴Щҵæ׷ս׼ǹɥʬѾÿһ˵Ķ䡣Ȼۿɥʬֳһ£ҲԾɲ˿Ĵ⣡

սֲʦСѾѹסʣµɥʬֳгʣɥʬٴζסһΡһӵ࣬ɥʬִǰǣ
ĵĶ⻷֣Щɥʬıֳ⣡
γսֳΪԼŶġԣֵʱ飬ֲѸٽЩɥʬ𡣵ֻʣһֻɥʬʱһֻͣɥʬⲫ
ȣ
ֳȫתܣϵȭͷŲ֪ټǧصĴ˳ȥӭ˹ɥʬش˻ȥܵһػֻɳ߰׵ɥʬ˺ü²ǿסӡҴ߸ǿֻɥʬ϶һȭӡ
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255 Ǳ뵺
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Ըռûֳ˵ķŭö˵Ȼֳľģ


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˸̫ͷ϶˳Ͻϴ´ˣ͵˶
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УĻǰǡô˵˳һֳפأʵ൱ڻĵ̡üϢǱִŶȻȥǾȻû֣԰˳Ӫصʵһƺʹ
ԣ֪Щ˵º󣬰˳߰˰ɢæ
ΪѾЩɳҲ뿪̫ԶֻǾͽңõֻлѣڻ谵ҹҪҵѵصĸµĺۼȷǼ¡

һ˴ӵ˲⵽һֻεĶɥʬ˻ΪкڰڻûǰֻɥʬȽʱѾˣùûӵһ٣
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˵žսãڶֲʦɱɥʬȻ١⣬ֻɥʬõ֤ҹΣδЩǿɲΪ˱˵¾ðԼСķգ
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һ˵ӲԼģͬ鷢ˣҲʮʳأ
뵽ÿѰﶼһƬȣ޲ðϣҪҵκοɵĺۼһЩͣڵϵҴҲסˣӵջ˴ϵߣҪʱ
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෢֦۶ϵĺۼ
ʵıһѣǲߵģӹˣ
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ûҵ𣿡
פȴֳѾЩסˣ
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ңĿɼȲߣҲӰĽȣ󲹳
ֳüʵ˼ǣн
ڤ˵ͷǧһңǶԷܲ裬ȻһۼĻӦкܴܷʲô
Ļûൽ̫ӵƽ¶һ߹âʱڳɽһǳ̲ϷµĽӡͳޡܾαװĶ۹£ע⵽˿֮
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ֳѶѿŵĸһָָ£ֳ˳ûʲôǳ̲һ·ߣȻڲԶ·Ͽ˳ʽӡ״ˮպۼ͵ĳޡ
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ǻʲô׷ɣ
ֳû˵һԼ洬˵ϵĶʿеĻǮһˡ֮ǰԸʮɥʬսУǮķᡣټϽһ˵Ļòٻ꾧ȻԸǰͷͻƵмֲʦľ磡
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һҵֵķʱûϳǳ˼˺һᣬ˵ֲԤҪҲԶֹ
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ֳǰһҲ˵ʵϲû̫Զ
ĵ˵ͷԭ򣬻ǶԼֶ㹻Űɡ
ܺãֳʾϽϳȻǮ׷ȻǻûԶǾͱˣ
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⻰еȻȻǶԼ˵ôĲһȴǿ϶ģǾǵʵѾͨ˵ĽǶִӦҲ˺ܶ൯ԡĩǰǼûʲôƣ˶ֻɥʬ͸ػ
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ɻɻг˳Ļ׮װ˫ϡͬʱΣ΢壡
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258 ӵļɵ
ѵϳԼбʲôܣ
ǰЩһɫɫƷֵ˵ֳȷչֵٶȺʵѾͨļޡ֮䣬ĸֿȭļһͳ嵽ߡ
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һ˵ͳĺһ޾Įɱ⣬κθ顣ͬʱݺһȭֳ˼ȭ磡
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ֳһȭŽɫĹâм˵ȭͷײһ
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ȻˣǸһҲܼӳֹһĻΣ幭ĴϺ
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˲䣬һųǿܵӵӲˮ档
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ˣֳӵΪʹòƵĲŵġǰЩҲˡȻģܵľǻڰļʵλڵı档ϷоԱֻõģˣѾĸ͵Ĺٷˣ
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ĻΧĺ˲ԼͬĳһǸѹ󡢵ȴʼԱѹһ㶣ɳƵ㵹ǺǸҲ޷ص˵һ飡
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ĲһţɳǵĿģֻǴһ߷ءҪĿģȷһǲģΣκ˵İȫֻҪϹȥػ輫ߵĴͱҴ߾ٶ򣬿˵ĩȫĵط֮һ
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259 ҵĴж
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Ľɥʬ
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Ϊʲôôִأ
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ԣ̸ֱֳ֣ӷ˽

տɫġɢĢڰسӰ쵽֮ǰֳˤ顣˲䣬һȦɫĺ⻷ɢ·ˮһɿĳɢ
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ֳŵһЦûäĿĳֻ㣬߸֪ͳĳٶʽϡٱе·𷴻ֳӦԵʱѾӽļֳǷֺĸӴǰһֵȥ
ע˽ɫһ޼᲻ݵƣ׵նϸְ壡

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ȻҿղŵսֳҲˣ


260 ֺӦ
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Ȼҵùǰһµһ㣡
ֳ򶨵ķһ䣬ͬʱʼ׼ǰԾЩããĴʹΪߣܴǿʺͻָٶȡä;źѸӦ״̬ҽδɢȥĴ̱Ũٶг˱֮ǰЩ˶սɴûóԼȫʵ
⣡
տɫıֵһ̣Ӿ͸о˿˿ĺ⡣
Ѿһεʲôͻأ£ûü㿪ױ⡣ǣֲѵӦνġСôôŷûãôɵһΣ
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䵽ϵǸ˾͵һӲͷƤֳ
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ֳλ˲гʳ˻嵽ǰ⧲ֲʳ˻Ĵһҧס˽ȥݵͺȺʳ˻ֻſֲֲ΢΢ֺϣ·ھ׽ʲô
ʮˣôֳơ
ܱ˱ʵĺӻǿģǰ龰ġԼĶѱʳ˻ȥЩŭ⣬Ȼͽѡ
ʱֳ۾Ѿ𽥻ָ˿ϵˣεҡҡͷĿͶǰԶĺϣҵ½ˣ䵽ô
꣡
󣬺ϵıϸ΢һѷ죬ǿڳɹѿ
Σûͽ͵ĳ֡
أ
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Ļ°ӺΪ׳ʵ˼Ǹܵĳοֲʦ¥˳ע򶨼֮Ķ˿ֲ̣ʦĺ۾ҲǱŵġ
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֮ǰֳǱʱɱļټԺֳƴɱʬ壬˵Ҳʮˣ
ҲûĻʾ·
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ֳЩ棬ɿŵըҩһЩ׺ӵ뷨ˡزǼᶨҪ˴ߵ˼ȻЩŵըĳ룡
Ԥϵӿˡ
ߣ֪ʵǿٶҲԶ֮ϡҽ㻹ǱϵըӵĴʽҿԱ֤֮ǰЩ԰һͷըըԿԾӹһ٣ȴɣ
ŶʲôִҪ׶𣿡
Ļһᶯֳֵʱͣжӵô˵
ǵ񣡡ӵ˵ͷѾôͬ飬ûеȥ㲻ͬǰߵĻǾֻջһ߱ըʬ壡ô̵ʱ׷һĵλӦͦҪɣٲӰ첻СȻѡǿж֣ȻǸᡣЩ˲ˡĶ˵һֽѣ
⸱ҪɱҪ̬ȣֳЩˡ
룬ʵ˵ӵܵҡλֻҵһ¡ҸģͬҲѡᡣǴߣȵ׶غҲֻܿһܵͨ˶ѣ
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ֳĻӵĵһӦҡͷܲһ𣿾һһӵ˼ͲٱȥΪôһ仰ǷҲδ̫ˣ
ֳȻһЦȴûٱ粵ʲô⸱̬ȣúЩˡ
ѵǿ衢ĻԼܰǰԼǿ˰ߣ򣬾ӵܵ¶Ҳǰ׷
ԥһ£Ȼ뵽һ⡣
Ū
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ġ
ֳ˵ͷʾ԰ꡣ
ܵ˹ӿһС磬ڵĴɣҪ׶أҴ߻أˣʮĲػֻҪߣŮǵλȨƶֿɵáôľʲô

ֲʦԻ׵׷ʲôӵĻЩã
ȴûĻ󣬶תͷֳߣǿд£㲻޻˵ԼԸߣǸô㣿ӦԼ
ֳ˵ͷ漴£ҵȻᷴԡȻҵܣӦΪ˸ۣǿһ飬ҵĲ̫á㣬ˡȻĻҲԶһըըըǰ
ֳвúü̬΢ŻһЩǻˣͬĴжɥʬ֮ǰľٶð㣬Ҳôһ
Ļֳ֮Աǡ
ǹͬĵɥʬû֮ǰ͵͵ҵפءǿа˵ʱôû뵽㣿ڿ򲻹ңҪģȥˣ
ðɣô룡ҲϾֲʦѡߣܹðõɥʬвǲͬĻ뿴ҵԱϵըĶӳ㣬ҪǿĻǾҪըˣ
ʲô
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261 ɴĻɱ
ߣ
ֳסǿгֵ뷨ȻȤ뿴Լλ¶жĺġ
ҲǱƵİֲʦɥƵĵҪӦҪըըˡϴһӣҲһ£
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ǰһΪõܵĹؼܡ

ȻܵڳɽҲʲôҪ̽ҲҪһֽšԼµãй¶˳ȥңöԷƲֳӵеĿֲʦµﰵһ̧ͷߣҲţõҪң

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ȡǵܣ
ԻʣԲֱ׵˳ĻҲֲʦһ
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һһ˵뷨뵽ĳƫִĹ켣ǾôʹҲֲʦˡ
·Լѡġ
⶯ֳ̾˿û˵ʲô
ӳҸ⼸λȥ׶أֲʦԽԽúпܣ¶ģҪǰ׶һٻ󡪡ȻܣҲܳԱṵ̊ġӵҴҪ࣡
Ǻã㣡
ֳ˵治ôһεĿֲʦʵϣڹθֲʦ½⣬Ųôںһ졢ֺױջأ
֮£ֳ׵ͳȥôҵǰ˵ĵ˿ߡжǸε˿ߺֲʦڳ䵱ĵ˲ʧûܷ·е¥һ㣬̮ܿɢ̶߰Ĺ̰͸оܾɢһ㶼ûʣ£
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ϰʱԵǿȻ䱻ԭΣǸֻûյģʹϰ̴ٵ̽;źھķ֣ԼڵʧӰ٣
ӳҡ
ճյһȻع嵽ֳǰȴֻ￴˵ļ
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ѵܣ
ԱߵĺӿԼܵ˵Ķ飬ﲻһϸղſĴɢĽɫ㣬ʧķ֣ԼĳѾ˲ĺ壡
ڣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ֳϴſЦݣֻЦúĪķ
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Ŷѵ⸽ͬ飿ֳе㾪ȣġ
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ΪӵĵֳһǹشȻҵҲڴأ
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ݣ
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ȻˣΪʲôҪ˵أֳĴĻҼȻ֪㣬϶ͻԵ
Һһ֣¶ɥʬһ׵㣬޷ԭ򡣵һ̫⣬ɱңҲҪΪ˵£ʱƻԽġΣ֪ҶصĳЩҲûʲôøСǰԤһãʱҲǳԸ
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262 Ľɥʬķ
һ·ߺá
һۺףֳ˻񡣶λԼȥȴ൱ǿıֳЩͬġȴɥʬһòʱ̬㰲ꡣ
ֳ֪ΪԼģѾᷳЩĵز
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ӳҴˡ֮ǰǹϣҲ֪Щը̫ˣ֮ǰֻǸͨˣļٸһλò
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֪ԼʧԴڵ˵һߡﲻͣԹԼù⣬ֳֻղŵĻοԼˡãȻֲʦûˣλǿϴȥԼǰҲͨˣҲڹȥ
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㶨ˣЩʬ塣
ֳеվסĴϵĻҡ
90ʽǹ񵯣ĸսͿһսƷ̲סȵĽ˳ΪľˣǮһְá̲סչȥϸϸ
ֳƳһֻۣǹ񵯶ûˣ·϶Ըɥʬùˡ
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һûֱĶֳ֣˵ˣϳػٿɡǳҲжʱˣȥҲʡǵġ
á
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ӳʿˣʣһͰͣҪٿһǮ˿صʿֳʾ
Ȼ
ԽԽռսԵֳӵҪҲԽԽԡֳһ̨ͷƽʱҲײҿǰмͰֳɵģֳȻŹ

ǸӧֳûзԵıʾһ̵İͰİԺԱߵĳȻ˽ȥ
ӳһô£ôе㲻԰
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Ŷ˵Ǽһﰡ
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ϢǴȥӪЩֲʦǳ̤ʵɣ
ǮĥһᣬֳҪ˴ȥԭ򣬲ɰͷױյˣֱӸ߻ǻɱʲô³ˡȡܺٴ޶ȵɱӺã
Σ
ǮǸùʱȻϤͷʱֳŲ̄ɫıʼǱ
涼ʲôǮʡ
һҿӦǸӵĵԡ
ֳжǻڱʼǱ棬һͦյʮӺͦƯٸƬƬ滹һоС֣͸ֶӸӳҡ
һŮԵ֡
ֳͷβ֪Ǹǿ˽ʲô൱ߴ󣬸˶вࡣֳֻһ۾ܿƬϵ˸Ǹ£Ӧͬһˣ
λλߵˣĵʲôأ
ֳĿŴšܿ죬ҵһЩֲӵѵƵĩǰһЩܺͼƻȡǷŵĩǰĵжԹع鱨ϴóɶڵֳ˵ȴȫûʲôмֵĶŪ߰˷ӺһڲеĵӰ
Ķļֳʱһ
㿪ֳһ֡ЩѡϢ廨ţɥʬԷغ͹С鶼СƪʱЧԣĩ졢һֱ֮ǰӦǽֹǴ뿪ǰںܾûеõϢֳ˵˵κҴ߶ϣõĶ
ŷβҳֳȻһȫעı⣺ĽɥʬĿܷ࣡


263 ƻߺʳ
ĽɥʬĿܷ࣡
⼸ֳۣڵӼϵ㿪˾ݡģƪߣһΪ˾ͽԺʿ
ˣֳܾǰƺصĹ㲥ϸȴˡҲû̫棬ʱ׿С⣬ʼݡô˵ݼϾڲеģݿ϶֤ʵӦû⣡
ĽɥʬɥʬϽһ졢ģǲ̳ǰĸԣҽЩһչ˼£
һʼ͸ƪⶨһܽͻ
λֳǺϿɵġֱӣʼĶλ˾ͽԺʿڵһεܽ󣬲ûйķϻǼҪֱӵϿɵķࡣ
ĽƻߡĽʳߡĽƿߣ
ĺ͸ʻϵǮҲƪŨصĺ棬ֳЩʣ˲׷ʵĻأЩĽɥʬӦ֮ǰʲô𣿡
ֳԼҲǺܺ棬ǸϽ¿ȥ
ڸλ˾ͽԺʿŸԼĻݣȱгľĽƻߣ
ĽƻߣɥʬĽ壡
ɥʬͷ¸ɥʬͬҪ΢СһЩšŨǾĵЩɥʬͷûͣøǿ˵ܰɽһЩһȭȥһ̹װ׾С˼ΪˣԲŻΪƻߡƻߵķͬҲһ˵ĵز߱ըͳĵ¶κβˣ
Ҳλ˾ͽԺʿĲ²ɣֲֿĹҪǳ˭ܶԸҪúܸɵ𣿡
ǮЩզ࣬ΪĽƻߵǿ
ֳָڴƶţһκüͷĽƻ߲ǲ²⣬Ѿõ֤ʵˣȳֵĵطһ֮ǰӡȣû´ĻǱЩĺ˷߻ģ
Ϊ֤ʵֵ滹һƬƬݷǳģɴ廹ܿģһֻĹһȭһս̹ˡ
ѽǸʱȫͨŲѾжô
Ǯֵ˳
ôһᣬֳҲʱ䲻ԡ룬Ѽ˻·һ֮ǰʱ򡣲˼ӺȻҵ˴𰸡
ֶβĵͿСǣֻǿ͵ǹ̫ĳ͸ţЩСֻ˺̵ܶʱٶ١ƬӦþǳСǻûüನݻٵʱĵİɡӡӦǳ군ˣƬϵӦĵֿ
ԭˡ
Ǯ˵ͷϵû̫ͬ顪԰ûʲôøУ˭ȶúģҲˡ
ʳߣ
ĽʳߣɥʬĽ塣ǵԣѾӹԣǾһ֣죡˵ɥʬٶȣѵྫӢǿϵĻĽʳ߾Ŀ½طݡңǵٶܵʱܹģΣϸĻܻܿǣ
ݽܵ棬ͬһƬ
ƻߵģƬƬ͸ѱˡû´ģӦӰߴӾʳߺԶĵطģƬϵʳ߿ֻǸСڵ㣬ΧӰȴޱģȻǿ쵽˼µı֣
Ƭ·һСעֳϸ˿дƬĳɽرһ㣬ǾǸкüʯӣ
ҲЩʯƬء
Ľƿߣɥʬض𡪡֪ɥʬĽ壡
Ľƿߣھ͸֪ɥʬΧûͬɥʬ֮ȨǿΧɥʬϮȻʵ൱һ㣬Ǹ㹻£ƿ߽ĽɥʬҪΣʮ
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ϸ֮ǰֳǸɵֻѪɫɥʬĽƿߡǹѰֻɥʬҲ֤ʵڡΪݱӿɿ֤Ŀġ
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ԭĽɥʬѾˣȻֻǸ
ǮĵɫôãȻʱôӦԡ
ֳҲڿ⣬ȻδĽɥʬ֣ܳҪδһ£ĽƻߵĻٶǸ̰塣θɵ𹽿˺ʳߣ֪ٶȱɥʬ١ǲɵĻ˪㶹ֺͱҵǿӦԡƿߡû취ˣϴɱֻѪɫļһֻ˵ã
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˳ϵľԱı㷢ǣֳͬһͬϵʱʩĸ߲ѾͷϵˡΪԼĸ磬ǮޱҲһŮվһ𣬳һ۵ķ羰ߡ
ӭӳ
ͷɥںı꣬ٿһĸɫЩ˲òҲ֪׷׵ǵֳ֪Ҳ˹ѯһӦһֳü԰˵ӦǣŴǮһ𷵻Լפء
磬αûʲôΣհɣ˵˼ǳȥģ
̸̸£ʱЩôģ
ֳ߿ĿֲʦСԱһӿϣΧסֳȡܵĵùꡣľȻ˽ˣλҪʹ˲
ͺĵ걻ôһ׷ʣˡ˿ЩĿֲʦͬ飬мϵͨҴߣƵĵҡѾȡˣ
ʲô
Ϊ˵˶ûͦ˵ʲô
ұȡˣ
ΣЩ˵仰Ƶĳ忪ˣǰ뿪ˡ
ղ˵ʲôָȡˣ
һεĿֲʦ㶵ظһ䣬ڳ˶ʱһֱǵҲйȡʵġе˼ֳĻȻҲлɵģûֹͣ۹ղǾ仰ƽϢеۡ
ϴ󡭡ȡܣ
˺һ˲һЩϡֳҴߵû̫ӦΪѾϰŷֳûǵͷвҪЩŻܲõҴߣȡܵƾǺͷϵĽ䣬Щ
嶯˸׷ȥΪʲôֳȡܡ
Լ£Ǹ굱Ȼ˼˵ֻǱտڲ̸ʵļˣ˵Լ˴̬ȣ׷ĿֲʦǲͬʱҲֳ˼־η


264 ʳ
Ǹֳȡܵ£ֳջûͷԭֻȡܵϢȴڳѸ
ҪΪѾܾͿԸˣ
֪ĸĿֲʦ˵仰ʮֲʦԼͬİЩΪŬҴߣҲμס仰µֱӺֳڳڵĵλƿٶȴﵽһµ۷塣
ԴˣֳȻǷǳġ
ΪǱķ粨Ҳֳ޸ĺ󹫲ĲʵƽϢֻ֪ЩǱ밲˳ĺ˱ָԳֻУȴʼղЩ˵ֳӵĸ߲Ȼ⡣
Ҳ˵غܻܿඣ
פڣֳ˵ϸԸա塢ϴǷ׷üͷ
ʱѾֳһֵ֪ĿأĪľе㷢˵ĩصźԼѾޱô˵ǱϾмʮľԼսԴνڣ
ֳ˿ǣЦôˣ
һվ˳ЦµڣЩϡ˭뵽Զǧ֮ػͻȻɳСǵ鷳أһʲôˣ
ôһͷҲ׷ױԼ̬ȡ
ĩôãеԴҴԽԽ٣ɥʬȴԽԽ˶ǰ;ܹؽҲ֪Ƕ֮ˡ߻ʵԶɥʬ˭ҲӰ첻ǡңִɱ߽׿ֲʦսҲۿˣܶԸġȻˣҲһЩ顣
˵ô˵ǵٻЩ顣
ֳȻ㣬ЦЦǽ͵صȷޱӴ󣬵ֲǷҪս˼ҪֻĽɥʬϣ˳̽һܵʵԡǷֲԣôԶľ룬ѵɳΧ˲ɣҪҲһ֮һЩ˹ƾǵȫ壡
ֻɱôˣֳǵʵ൱˽⡣ԷһʮȫĿֲʦС飬Ҳֻһ֡ܣֻǣжˣֳȻҲ֪̫࣬пܾô飡
αȫһ飬عҪˡ
ϴ˵ͷЩʵֶӳô֪ǻһ֮
µġֳָָϵıʼǱŵĵҿӵĵӼ㣬Ǵһ·ϵм;أ˰¡ϷصʱͿܵӣؿܻаµʱжʧ١Ȼ󣬵ЩǿٴνɹҪһʱ䡣ûһµĻˣȻֻҲ²ʱ䣬˵ǻ϶˱Ľɥʬˣ˹أҲ˵׼
ԭˡϴȻֻҪʱ߾ˡ
¾ô£ˣٿĽɥʬķ࣡˵ţֳ򿪵ӼѱʼǱƹȥܶʱǲ̫ĸȽϺá
Ľƻߣߣ
˾ͽԺʿƥʣӵĸ߲㶼¶˸Ǯյ֪ʱͬľȺ𺳡ЩʣǾܸоĽɥʬͲöԸ
ҪעǣǶѾˡȻֻǸȻеһеڶʱǻǻԡԣϣҲҪģܵδ½ԼʵúһûнмֲʦģŬżֳǣЩɿı۰кܴġ
ϴͳ˶ˣͲô㣡
Ҳˣ
һֳ߲ıиоѹ׷ɫ̬
֮ǰΪֳɹ߼ֲʦɥʬʱѹʱԸȻûֹͣʵôижӳءֱֳ˵ҲʶĽɥʬвʵԶҪ֤ԼİȫŬΨһ;
ֻһ£ͺáȻϣһƻвƬɽɥʬȡǷԲʮٹڴɼûɥʬĻҪʱҲһ֡
ֳĻԸճЩѶˣϾɥʬǻ᲻εġ˵ӳôͻȻôһƬˣѵʲôƻ
ȷиļƻ
ֳ˵ͷҵעйŽ͵Ҳʲôϡ£ﱸһ»ָʳҵʳѾռ˴롣ʣµҪôڳģɥʬܼĵطҪôֻ󻼡ùˡڣҪŪʳԽѡѾ·ˣ³ͿԸ絾֡ҾãбҪǰ׼һ£
ӳĹȫģ
ֳôһᣬԸաǮǲע⵽ʱš˵ȷ·ݾͿԿʼʳֲᣬҪ°꣡
ʵɽʱҾֳûʲôȫģǵϧڳֵʱѾʮһµףʱϲ̫ԡߣȻˮṩˮԴֻչõģҪ߲˶ǿ˵ˡڳɽΧ֣ʱüʱɥʬвҲ̫󣬿˵ʺϻָʳʱˣ
֧֣
޳ɣ
˵ȻҲ֪ɽյıֳĻһȻûڴһֲĵصԼӵ¾㶨
ˣҼǵ֮ǰмƫִɵƣϴܾӦȥ硣ֻӶܣȴŻָȫ˽ı֡ǿԱˡʳҲҪΧĻʱڣŴѩֶȥԸ˶ļļһֻͷȥһ
νô롣
ֳҲԴ֮ԱǡϾжܵΡ磿˵ŵǰǸ߼ֲʦҲ䣡߼ֲʦҲȲصļʮȫװĴҪٽһףֲʦʱ򣬻ǿһ£
ģǸĿꡪһ㹻ȫĻءԺ飬ôһȵĸݵغ˵ɣ
ҪһһڵĳԣֳãԼ⿿ܾܵǹƥɥʬˣ
˾ֳЩѸٽ־תһִȥܿ죬ǮԴӵһ֧СӿʼǰСӡڴҴߺر֣ʼںȦĿֲʦԱҲ뵺Ĵɱɥʬȡմﵽмֲʦż
ɽΪֳָӵһ


265 Ƶϵ
˵λָ˺ܶ°
˳ϣλ˳ĸ߲һߺơƣһ졣֪Уͳֳϡ
ǰǵСɱɥʬԽˡǰÿһҶŵĸζˣвںߴųأƺ׼֪ǵʲôˮ𣿡ʼ磬һܲӡ
ǵʳ˰ɡ²
ҡҡͷȻ֪ǵжʳ϶ǵپˡֻһǧˣڲ⣬ʡŵĻ֧Ÿʱ䡣ҿĿĺܵͼָ
ǰԴ㶺˰ɣҪֳֺõ£һѶԴ˺ܲΪȻ
ǰѹûʲôҪʲôֻȥǡʲôʲôⲻԼָʡ£ǰˣĶ֪࣬ʲôʱʮɥʬˣ㲻þͰǳһˮọ̈̄ˣ͵
˿ǣҡҡͷ
ҶȥĩǰµĶϾ޵ġ⼸ǲǾҶԽԽˣҸǣ⻹ֻǸʼҵĻԽԽ٣ֱµȫľ١ʱ򣬱˵ʳǸƷ·ȵȣҪԼ֣
Ļð˳߲дкܶ˱ŵһײһӵĴ㣬Դ˺Щν˼

Խ֣Щ˾ԽԽͿ⻹һͷӡѾȰ˵ĳˣ¶ģҪֳһЩȲܶ٣Ҫģʽ
ͬһʱ̣ڳɽ˵Ӫֳ߲ĶҲǰעе˾쵽ֳ⣬ĸһԡȻҲ˰гЦԹۡ
Щֳ֪һЩȴæȫûᡣ
ǮĴ£㹻ϼǧĶص˻ͬʱвٻʡũҩũߡۿˮֵʱԽԽֳʼϵرѰһֵصũ
Ҫ֪ũˮֲԸӡв֡ݡʩʡˮȺöಽ裬Լ;ҪҲߡңΪԱߵĺкܶɥʬ㣬ҪˮȵĻҪ˵ЩɥʬСǾḻũ񣬺ܻܿ⣬ֱɴļǾգ
ôˣӵҴֹˮũ񲢲ࡣֳ˸ɽֲʱͬ⣬ȱӦ˲ţ
ǵ쳣;Ĳ㣬ֳļƻǵһǧĶء
¾һĶԼˡȻҪôˮҪǸСĿΪˣֳӲòһʱѵ࣬ڶҴˮ
⣬Ҳһ׵¡
տʼ죬ֲʦС黹˳ȺɱƵɥʬɺܿǱ㷢֣򣬸ͻµɥʬԶε
Ϊ˹̳ɹǲòֳ˼ңʱɥʬҲһΣյ顣Ըաƽ½м磬ֲʦСʵҲڼҪֳȥ⣬ѾԶӦ󲿷ɥʬȺˡ
ʮʱ䣬ֲʦСڿص㸽ʮûɥʬֵĳ̶ȣ
׻˵ںӱߣвʪЬҵɥʬ϶ҲΪɥʬȺֲʦȾһãϷĲɹ˲һûܾȻܵѹ£֧ŵʱԶͨҴҪǰܸɥʬ
Ҳֳϣ
ڵʵȾ˲Ҳܽ޵ѹȥءȻðյȥԵĵز
һֲʦĿֲʦС˸ӣǶԸɥʬʱĸСġֻڼ䣬ֳһӣɹָӶԱԣֲʦСʵûԽԽࡢԽԽǿ
֪䣬ʱƽš
һ죬ֳµҴ߶뵺ָĿص㿪ʼæµһЩܹѵҪھḻũָ¿ʼµ֣ܰæľ͸Ŵ֣֪øɶҲԱߺΧۡô˵Ȼĳ棬ǻǺ⿴ġ
ǧĶأ˵Բ࣬ʵҲͦġһǧ˷ɢվۡ
ڲ̫ԶıԵӪظһеʵҪЩʳҲЩֻǱνһ򵥵ı̬ôġ׼ֵҲǴСȣӼʮĶ߰˰ĶĶУ㶼ҲûֳǵĶ࣡
ΪǵһοȽܹѵרھкܶŪһ㡣ֳ˰죬бҪںڴרŷֳһ֣ʳ߲˵ֲҲǶԳĿǰϵһˡ
ӳ
ʱһֱͷоϷźȦҵ
ӵҽһԿƺ豸ȫĲ磬ֳǺܿŵġҪĽڵǷݱ棬ˣҲ֤Ĳ
ʲô𣿡ֳʵ
Ϸ˵ͷˣ㻹ǵ𣿡
ֳһ£Ǹͷ׷ʮеӡǵǵãѵôͣĩ´꣡ҼǵõʱʮʮֶֻĹ
ʵǸҽȨϷϴżϲ⣬ȻԾ׬ˡ
ģֳЩȣϲ
ȻģϷȻ֤ĵףظԲ˼ҽҳģҽʮ꣡˵ǹ֣ҲҽһȨ㣬ҪǡĴ
ʲôԥģרңȻҪ
ֳİ壬λҽȨһҽ鸱鳤ֻϷһ㡣
֮ôҽҲԭġ
ĩ֮ǰҽԼ򵥺ƣѧϰֻҪ鱾˵ϵͳϷʽͿԵʹøҩƬûĻϺ׾ܽκá֮£ҽУҪľжϡԣҽһѹҽռ˼ơ
ĩȻĵȻ޴档
ĩȱҽҩ⿿µҩƬ֧ҴǵġûõֳҩҽʲôǡҽͬˣĲҩҰѰңһ֮ҽԸǳʺĩ
ڣֳǳӵҩﴢѾٵһȽΣյˮƽҽĳ֣ɴ󻺽ǵѹԭ򣬲ֳǸʮ˿أ
ôҽٿһֲɣרŽҽ


266 һ
ʮͷҽȨûֳʧ죬Ϳһʮ˵ѵࡣΪûн̲ģҲûκֳɵҩģֻһԼдżǳҽһڿֲʦı´ѧͽɽҰĲҩ
ı£ֳǺϿɵġεĵڶ죬ȥһڿΡò˵λȨȷʵϣǳжĽζ
˲ţһҪã
ֳеֲʦԱͬʱλߵ忸סһһƿǿҩҪʮϣôҲ忸סˡ
лӳĺ񰮣Ϲͷͽˣ
ֳܲĵʲôҩЧġ֪ҩǶôĩôúҲҵһֵŵĵطһŬһ˳Žҽϵĩȥ
סλ˲źֳ¹עˮֵˡ
ڸտʼæҡٳ󣬴ҵѸũ£԰ټƵҴûǧĶصĲ֡ûлеæʿ߰Ҵĺ֮£ûʲôǲܿ˷ģ
ν¿ͷѣһϣ¾졣ֳûƿȫȨҲǳӵˣӦòʲô⡣
ʱûʲô£ֳҲǶ˵ʱ䡣˿ر±һɥʬܼĵ㣬׼Թȥǡʱڰ˳ϵʩҴææĸ˹һͶĵϹҪˣ
ҪˣֳûͷûԵĻŪеԺ˭Ҫˣ𣿡
һСƽƽʩ棬һ˿Ϸʡ
ʩ΢΢һ죬ϸĵ㻹ǵɽϻеļŮӲʱȰ˵㻹ǶһǿҩءһѾˣܲ˳Ϳˣ
ģ
ֳһ£ʱעϾͨŮ˵ĩﻳоԼЦõʱİ˵һٸиУоųɾŵŮӻᱯ磬ɥʬӤֱӿƶǣɲҾ硣ôһõģºӺǵСҲΪΧӡȱܿ
ڣɥʬĽڻеŮӸһûУ³һһʬ
Ȼˣصػ޾⵹һ⡣ֻǣµĩʸִмˣھ󲿷ࡢŮ˵Ѿһ
Ȼ㳤޷һֻڵ֧ţֻԽԽ١ٹϼʮ꣬ûɥʬĽҲԶֳʶǿҩЧ󣬱Ϊǽһ;ԣҲʮֵĹע
һоʩ˵ܲУͿˣ
ֳԱߵƽڤҲõϢ׷׸ֳһ𷵻صϡʱϷһŮҽʦѾھˡ
һʮ潹תţ۾ûн㣬Ȼ˼ܵȥˡ
ָӣ
ֳһԱ꾫һ񣬸ϽͦͦʺáһǸӲע⵽ֳ˵ĵǿӦһ¡Ķ仹ͣ
ֳ˵̬ȵҲΪ⣬ϾһϾĿ顣ֳߵҩ˭ҲҰٷְٱ֤Чıģǻֳλãкһ˼ûˡ

ǵ˹ؼʱ̣治ʱѹֵŮʹʱǸŮҽʦİοɡ
Сʱˣû𣿡
ƺסˣվĻȥƺһЩ
ֳĶŪЩۣ룬˸ҼǵõʱŮӦǻ£ĸµӰɡҲŸպþŸ£Ӧɣ
ǰֻһ£һҲûʲôĲɵĻشԻǴŵġ
ģӦûʲô¡ֳο֮ǰڰЩɥʬӤĲ߸¾ǰôڶѾ׶Σġ
ô˵١
ӲſڣȻȻʹûãǾһĿŮҽʦĻ
ˣ
֪˭ȺһͬͬŮһ̵˳ǱϲǸкĸƽûбɥʬȾ

غ˲Լͬ˿ĸףȲĳ˽ȥŮס
ǿҩڽȻЧ
֪Ӥ˳ֳͳףͬʱҲ˷Ҫ֪ǿҩĶһ۲ߣ50ҡõĻɱֻɥʬ͹ˡȻģĶһʱܣ֧СΧʹѾȫ⡣ΨһֵȶľĳɹʣϾĿǰֻһٹ£һеŮҲ˳ǻϾͿȷЧˣ
ʱҩ»Ϊֳһµɱﵣ
ӵЧڿֲʦʺѾչֳЩɽӪصˣǿֳֵģһԼܻһӡΪˣֳټѵжǳϣѵҲ̿࣬ΪһԼҲܳΪֲʦȻӱǿҩɸҲ㣡
һˣûܣȴŻʱĿȥ
ѡֻҪôڻʱӣҪô취Ūôһƿǿҩܱסŵ˳ºӡΪ㣬ЩҪϸɷ͵˻ḶĴۣ
ԣֳܿ뵽˲ҩԼԼ£ķ
Ȼ˻ǿҩ⣬ڽ߼ֲʦֳӡҲһӦĽ׵ߡ߼ǿҩ֮£ҩЧҪܹͨ˵ʡȻļ۸ȻҲߣﵽİپһ֧
۵Լ۱ȣָ߼ȻҩˡǸԼõĻֳǲϧġ
лӳȫҵĴǣ
ʱѾϺӵһҵָлΧ̫࣬˵ҪˡܹĸƽȫǿֳҩĽ
飬ֳЩԲġֻܺһʾֻҪԼĶԱ˴ȵȡȻҪ룬ŬӹһӸмѣҴ߶ҲǶֳֶ֧ȴǡ
Ϊ˱ĸмҾͽֲˣ
һıӡעô֣


267 ҪԮ
ΪףһӤֳʾ¾һССףᡣ
˲̫࣬Ҳֳ¾󲿷и߲㡣˸Ӥף⣬ӵÿһҴ߶쵽һ㸣Ȼ٣ϲܹҪôҶһµġ
ȻֳĶҲΪ˸Ӫؿ
Ϊ˵ָӣֳפصһһ˹עܿ죬Ӥ¾ʹ˺ӪصС֪µǲţǸ̾ǸŮ˵ĺ˺ʹ󵨡ֻǺܿǾ͵֪ĻԭǸ˳Ůӷùֳõҩ
ϣɥʬϮӤҩ
ܶ˶ʣˣǶ᲻šǶ󻻳ֳӵܵĳϣǾûʲôˡ
ܿ죬Ӫص˾ȺɳԱҪֳҩУеǸ߲Լ˻˻ˣҪҩҲֻǵĿҪԣҪŪһ㴢Էһ
ɾӵֳ˵ҩǶһҡҾԲȻҪüǮ
Ҫ֪һһƿǿҪľҲ࣬ĻҲǳܲסġȻֳ˵ٶ඼áԣԲࡣ˵ˣϡΪһڴӦʮϰƿ˭Ҳ̫⵱ˣ
壬¾ͽ㸺ˣ
Ϊָӣֳȥ̸۸δЩʡȥɣҲǵӦ֡
ݹûʲôų⣬һеϲϴϽĳ̶ֳϽεıֳ֡ԽãĵִѾʧӰ٣ȡ֮££ҲǱһᣡ
ӳ̸ηɽׯĻҵ㡣
ʱرҵϢ˹ƺǸйصģǵ˷ǵսԱ׼ϡ
Ŷйصģ
ֳ㶣׼ȥ߳󣬺Ȼ˻˾㱨˵ĳԱŲָŵĵ
֮ǰפض񣬲ѡװκηɽׯҲͰˡǰЩڴռ˲ٽģפ½һЩӣоרõ˻ǵɵ죬ֳ֪ͨѵ˵ǵʱûŪףĽ¸ˣ
뵽һصȥ߰˵æѲʲô£˵ɡ
ⲢԼʲôӣҪðף˭ȭͷ
ȴֳЩŭЩ⡣
ֳ֪Ļش󣬰ĬһᣬǱֳ̬ȴ̼ˡ˳߲һ¡֪Σǵǧ˲ûֳҪ뵺⣬¼塢߷կǼӪҲȺɳ֣ǧˣ
֣ѾսԱһˣ
ڳ˵ͬʱڶӪصĸ߲ԼģĵӱҪ˵֣ҪָӵĵͷſԡڣЩ˾ȻƹҪֳ̣Ĵڰ
ܿ
ǣǼҪ˽Գģһֹͣǿҩ̸⣬ǳսսԱֹͣеĸͬʱȡ¼ֲʦСĿܣһߣԷ۴еӪضιҪԵľң
ֳҲǷˣ£ʮرԱѸٽȥ
Ȼö˵ڵһܶӪصĸ߲㻹ܵûӶͨսԱջ̫ˣ˵ʱ쵼ĸ˵ƽʱܻӵĸҲǳֻͣҪûлᡣһͷˣⱲӿûϣΪֲʦˣ
£Ѿ׼ǧսԱͣ˽Ų
У߳ɵԱ˵ʲôҲϳƾЩӵĸ߲ôƣǾվԭزƵüˣǾһҧҪָͬܳһЩλ͵ʵȨɡӪظ߲ĻģҲô˵ļٺˣ
ϵĽȻЩ߲־ŭ
ŭǣЩԼӪص˾Ȼֳ˵ĻǸǵߡǣֳûþôǴľˣ⼸˶ˣ
ȻôŭǹԹԵĵֳͷ
˼Сʱ󣬰ѡֳָͨפص˻ֳǸεĵ⣬Ǻ޵ģȴû취κֳ
սûбʤİգ
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ڰɱһǹ롢Եʮֻɥʬı̬ӣ˭ɱ˭˵أ
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268 𹽵
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ǰ˾ɥʬԥһЩԮǸԼҲ˵ֻƾоһȻΪܶԮɥʬ˿䡣ɥʬʵֻ֣ǵвСˡ򲻹Ҳ취һ֣
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ĩЩھͱסˣΪ˾ˣȫԹȥڿպİȫ⣬ֻҪ볣ɽˣȫǲġô࣬ǵȻбҪһ㱨ꡣϾԮҲҪðաϺӵġȻһڿҴ˵ʲôмֵĶ˵ûǵԼˣ˭ĩҲһԴأ
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269 
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ܶҴֱӵһһϵĵˡĽʮֻɥʬĵļֻҡҡλΣȫʧȥսһЩԺõ㣬Ҳ˲ˣ
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֮ǰſյزԵʱֳȻоǿôȴûиôһƬɥʬԣ𹽾ֲе֮ĵһֻϧٻʱ䳤ʱظٻȱ㡣Ȼֳ⿿ֲܰˣ

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ֳӡҲ˰˾ſĽ𾧡Щɥʬ֪ΪʲôȻû꾧
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ڣ֮ǰͿǵĵκɥʬŵ⡣˻֣أƳһ·
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ֳЦЦֵɽ˵ָӣֳԮжָӵġ
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ֳԮǧ˵ͷȻǺһǧлﻹʲôʱɽһˣƺûиվԵģҲʶȤİѹĵס

ʱֳȻ˶ӶʱĽϸǰӴġ
ֳע⵽ǸеΡ򷢸ɵ촽˼ĵûԷˣʵڶĺܡ
ֳŷӦϽ°ʳˮַȥõЩԮȳٶҴҲ˲Ա߲Զдɥʬ׷ԭؾ̻ȻǶˡֻȼ˻ǿַȣлſٿԡЯľͨͷͰõĳ׷ҲǳԵĲֺˡ
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ȻٶųӷسɽдѡֳӡֳҲûյȫգڰ˳ĵ̣ҲֻǿһˡȻˣһ˻϶еľ񲿷֡
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ҲһصĺǾɽ˵ľ𴢱½һеΣյĵز
Ӫֳ̫˵ʣӵѾʮ򷢣
ٶʮģϵɥʬЩӵѾ֧Ǵһˣ


270 ܵܵϢ
ĩûеλûŮˡû̫Ķûʳ;
ΪӾݵ䱸࣬һֱֳҲûĹעĴֱرгϸͳ嵥ֳŷԼеˡʮӵǧ˵ĳƽһ֣ÿ˲൱ٷӵ
ԿǹɥʬԶԶ
ֳĵǣĿֹܲһҡϾԼ䱸ӶһΣЩӸ侯ɢռӪؿ¸һȥһָϣӪؽͷеӵֱ
ǳ¼廹аӵ
ӵǧǹ
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һֱرĻܡֳ֪ǿ϶ٵһЩɲֹۡ˵㣬ʮģϵɥʬҲ֧ڣ֮ͻľеĴ
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Ͼӽ߼ֲʦ󣬶һӵļѾһΡ
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ֳ˼֣ܿ¶˾ġת֣ʾӭǼ룬żᶨɫ첽˳ȥ


271 ȥ¥
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ʮװʳؿ복Ӻ󣬽˵Ķܿٶȳ⳷롣ʱЩֳշҴǲпոͬ齲ԼԼֳ棡


278 뻦
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ƺҲ˵׼Ͼɥʬ˶֣ܳͨð̬ҲûʲôԽܵģĻǿǸϢ
뵽һЩĵҴ߿ʼĴ
ʱֳѾͣĸ˷ʱפءʵģԼ缫Ϊε˵һʱͶǸСŮѦúʰ
Ͻʰ˼ʲôҪ
Լ˻Ѧءɻû˵һ仰ʰ˸˷ֳһۣ漴ѹʵΪʲôҪʰУǸĸ𣿡
һ߽񲼷һǵļѹһߵȻҸ磬⻹м٣ʰȻҪ뿪ءȥģͱˣ
㲻ڿЦɣôȫȥĻһɥʬѦòıԹ䣬ɵıͺԥĶʱ̾˿ðɣ˭أҪ裬Ҳֻһˡ
⻹࣬ţĻش¶Ц⣺İɣҸаšǰɥʬʲô


279 ô㣡
ôҲһɥʬôɱô㿴ǵĳӣĴγȥɥʬһƬ
鷴Ѧû˵ķԸʰ
ô˵ûɥʬȷֲҲҪ˭˻һ˫ӴöԼǿ˫ɵһЦҸڣɥʬľ
֪ĸãҲûҪţ
ѦõСȻԾɲţҲ˲졣
ˣպ֪ˣ֪һûۼʶŮֳǿǺѵ£ҲûǿȸŴصɽһʱ
Ӻ˻ʰϣ
ʰˣ·ɡֳԸաܱ񲼷ˡ
ֳôżѦԽˣ˸ðճȥõʳҪ𣿻ûüֳأ⣬һûءһߣͲ֪ʲôʱܻˣô˵һ
ĻֳüǵĹϵܺǲǷǳܵģ
Ѧԥһ£˵ҲûǸزƽʱЩ飬˵һĻӹȥ
ֳԵͷܾǾûҪˣͣһᣬ鷳Խھ뿪ĻӦòκ⡣
Ǻðɡ
Ѧֳ֪ԼеĵλԲż͸õӡ
ܿ죬ֳ˸Ѧá˾һ˵ˡǽӻֱǰȻ˴ϣ󷵻سɽ
ףⲻôŻҪȥ
ʶ˵ھӻĴкǣ˸Ӧ˹ȥܿ죬ʻ濪ȥͬһʱ̣йǿֵ߳ϢҲ˻鱨İͷϣҿʼϴ
ûʲô⣬ֳǻһ·˳ĵִｭʱƺЩ⣬Ҳ֪Щϻ˻ôģɲܲʹһʱʱϨ𡣿ûСʱǾϨΡǮȻܲˬһ·ȴҲûֺʵķֻܽſ
ȻһϨʱֳлͷ·ϸһװ׳ִһа֮࣡
ǻˣ
ʱ䡢صֵװ׳ҲǻصģҼпǳֳģ
ôô죿
ǮһŬһɻʵǴӷػص뿪಻СʱҪ˵ؾܹô̵ʱھ͵֪Ϣɲ׷ЧδҲ̫Щ
˼ºɹֻǣ󱣳żٶȵװ׳ҲԽԽһ·̳
Ҫǣǲ̫ʵˡ
ֳ˿ͣɣǵĿġǳãǷҪܵ⣬˵þֻܶˡǮ㾡סҵܵܡѦСͱУЩװ׳Ұɡ
׷ıϾֻ͵ʽװ׳Ƿǿս̹ˡƾֳʵǲ⡣˵ˣл𹽺ӣըȻװ׳Ҳȫв
ӳģֻҪڣǵİȫ;û⣡
ǮôҲмֲʦȻ޷װ׳Ļڣмǽڣסһỹûʲôʵġ
ǰͣһ£ûж⡣
ʱװ׳ѾԶԶ׷˰׵ķΧͣ£ѸٿȻһſΧһװ׳ʿȶֳ˺
ǣòʲôΣص°ɡ
ѦòЩ£Ҳ˵Ļ֪Ͼͣͨ˵ľأȫװʿͰװ׳ʶľͰѶԷ޵ֻ˵ȺšǮܱȻɫ䣬ǺֳʵԲûаµ˼
ģġ
ֳοһ䣬ƿ³뿴Щص׷ʲô
ʲô
ֳ³װ׳ϵʿסˡǼȻ׷Ȼ֪һЩصϢ֪ǰ˿ǾͶɥʬˣǲɰֳ׶񼫵ļһһǹ
仰ӦʲŶ԰ɡ
ֳȻЦЦ漴ͣ½Ųŵ̬ȣֳһСľ߻ˣ˵Щӵѹв
ֳϵЦݺ;ٶʾõζʿĽźͼɵ˼֡ڲ֪ĸٵʾ£˺ǹǴ̸ֳһˡ
ǵĳ㡭
ʿĻû˵꣬װ׳еһٶȴ򿪣һȥʮӴ
ô㣡
˳ĵһֳ̣۾͵ɴˡôҲû뵽Щװ׳׷ĳ٣Ȼǰʡ˾ص߳ٳ¸
еӡڵĳ¸ԵòһЩưɫķ˿Ҳ֪ͷϡȻ۾ļͳλȴ˿û䡣˿̣ϴűͦľװֻǼӡоεļûˣ˲²ڵȨ
سʱλ˾漸򲿶ӺʹҴȥݻôϾ뻦λãǿɱڵĳɽﻹҪԶ
δ갡
ϵңֳı飬³ĳ¸Ҳһ㶡ž˳˼·ڻʲô֮ϺȻ˾Ⱥֳѵû㣡
¸ľٶֳҲˣԼʱҲԤõʽϸһ棬ûйλĴСһʮҴ߻صϴ󣬹ôúôܻǵ
ǵң
λֳСˡ
¸ϸһԽ϶ĵӡڰصʱӦ齨Ԥõľ֮һɣоǣʱӰǨƵصҹ䣬һҴɥʬϮʱɥʬųֲãʿǻû׼ӦԵİ취˼޲ߡʱиվһֻɥʬȻžʧںڰУȴµһֱĵ˱Ӱ
˵ЦЦĶֳʱõƬҿǷе㣬ϧõϢ̫٣ʼûҵıӰҿǼǵ̫ϤˣϿԣղŵһۿ㣬Ҿ;ǸˣӦþɣ
¸ֱֳ£ŵͷǸ˾ң
λǿƵĳ˾¶һЦݣô˵ԼˣڻڻɱɥʬշЩҴ߰Ȼصĸͬһˣ
ȻѾ˵ˣֳҲûټʵķԣǳϵǡ
ܺãǿ̸̸𣿡˵ţ¸ǰҪᣬֻǴԼǴʲôҪ󣡡


280 ¸ĶԻ
ʵ˵ֳλΪĳ¸˾ͦкøеġ
ں½أѾ൱ˡԣĲصֳͷͬˡ
Ǯ񽻴һõĺֳų¸·ԵĻĲݴһξ롣¸ƺǲģҪǹ¸ֹˡֻǣֳ¸Ƕֳ㹻ΣǶǼЩĲ¡
ĪԼ׵ľȺͣ
㹻տǸء
Ǽʿǣ
ֳЩʱ̽ľŬŬ죬ȻǵɫΪ˻ɡ
Ŷ˵Ǽ¸ͷһۣ赭дĵ˷ĲңûҪšϵȻǱʵ뿴ûʲôѱץ
ֳ㶣Ȼû뵽𰸡ĩĥôãֳҲûտʼϲŭɫˣóࡣܿԼľȣʳֵ⣺Ҽǵƽرȷʱ㲻Ǵȥʡݻôֳڻˣ
¸룬شȥݣֻΪиȻԲңҲǱΡʱЩĻ˵ֻ֮ܶǹȥѸҵĲӡҴߺʲôĴݣȻǰءΪʧأ϶ͬ鷳ҸԲġһЭĽұ˼еȨϣʮ⣬Ҿͳ˸صĹ˾
¸ɿǼ˵ĻֳԼܸоļҶĳЩùĽס
źͰ֮ģ׷ʵǺأ
¸һ£˵سﱸã׼һƻҪصַϱսһո·
˵˿ֳȷѾ֪º󣬲żΪͨѶѾжϣزòɳһ߹С飬ȥصĸ߲Э̳ˡֻǣⳡƻҪλܸߵ˲Ļɥʬδ̫Σաĸ߲û˭ԸͰˡ
֮ǰλߣһʡ˾ǡû˱ǡǸؼ䱼ߵѶ
ֳ˵ͷһõϢǳսʧˣ˵ðһֻĽƿߣ
ŶڲĽɥʬĳƺֻȼȻ֪¸Щȣֳ֪ıҪࡣܿ治ɫļȷʧˣ֮ҾһֱڻûȥΪص˻һεͷҪҼǹͨҿƻѾ̫ܳɹˣ
ʤܣֳȻԼĿʵΪʲôؼȫһĻǿԶóʮӵģ
¸ҡҡͷеʧеȻ˵ɥʬ֮ǰؾ͸ȫֵġϧǣʼԭûոܵɥʬвʱɥʬѾ͡ȵսʱ򣬸ϵĽɥʬѾ֣ǴѵĻᣡ
ֳҲôΪġ
ĩձ֮ؾѾ޴лָ˲ԪʱǺͨѶڣֻҪʹ¾ģδûܸɥʬǰһٵ춨档ϧǣûľ
֮µǣϵҲˡӺڶֻ쳯ר
ʮĲӣصȷܹճ¸ЦһǣĻؽ볹׿״̬Ҳ鲻ַءǻðַ㳲ǸĻɥʬͱˡڣǼѾû취ʤɥʬңԽϵĻϣͻԽСɥʬֹܹͣ⿴ȥǲ̫ܵģ
ȷˣĽɥʬѾˣȻߺƻʲôһûĽƿߵȷʵˡܹƼʮ򼸰ɥʬǿֲĴڡȻ˵ɥʬͲٴνһɥʬǸߵĴڣǼֱ󣡡ֳͬĵ˵ͷ
Ľƿߣ
¸ԽˣϾɥʬȻٶȣĽɥʬڻܳ֡Ѿֵĸǿʯ߻ġ˵Ҳû̫࣬ۿһҪ˵ģ
иһֻѪɫĹֳ룬ֲһ˳ưɵˣ
һ仰һף
ȻǾġˡ̩ɽѹ治ɫĳ¸ڵ֪СʱҲǱݺһѡÿһ۹ϸֳ죬֣صʵô֮ǰϢ˵һܻɱʮֻɥʬˣ
Ϊ춼ǶԷڷʣûᵽΪʲô⣬ֳе㲻ͷ¸ô֣£ǵ˵ͷ
ʵ֪ͨ˶ٱĸ߼ֲʦ˵ʮֻɥʬ̫ѵ⡣ֻҪûпݽߣʮֻҲδɡɥʬʵܳʵĽҲ˵ĽɥʬڵɥʬѾвˣ
ôһ⡣ֳͷ¸ӵĿһᣬĹâֳе﷢ëЩͻܻᣬԲش𡣡
Ŷ˵
ֳ˵ͷеһ⡣
֪ǣܵ¸ֳ˵
⣬ʵεİһ⣬ǾǷԴģúʹһ֪ڶ֪Ӧˡֳܿ˳¸δ֮⡣
ٸʵףǰһܵ⣿
ֳе̧ͷһ۳¸ȴֻ۾￴̹Ȼڴ˵Բش𣡡
𣿡
ֳԥһ£Щ˵ҲûʲôǱҵܣǻԵɺϻõģɥʬң֪ģֻܵһҲеĿƼܹƽ⣡
Ļֻ˵һ룬һǱȽתó¸ײٶˡ
λԺյ˼ֳĻشôһȻɣϣȷ̫δ֪ĶͺñЩĽɥʬǰֵסصʯƬ֪溬ĿԱȴʼ޷ȡáʯˣοܣ
¸ᵽʯƬֳЩע
룬ʵ˵ʯƬҵأ˵ǳͬԴҲ֡ùƬЩƬҵܴҵҲ档
£
¸ע⵽ֳĻѵ


281 ҸͿ
ֳԼ˳¸ľȣ͵ܣֻӵСҵһ̶Ⱥ󣬾Ϳڸһۺܸˣֻǣָ貢˭͸˭Ҫܴܵƣ
ԭˡ
¸˵ͷ漴ͬеӦþбܵ°ɣ
ֳͷһǮ˵ʵҵĳҲǰˣȵĵɥʬô㻹ʲôҪʵ𣿡
¸Цҡҡͷ˵ЩģĹ֮ûˡʵ˵λ㣬ҪġʱںǸܵ˭û뵽ȻһֵҴߣ
ıƺе꣬ҲֳеĪ
ûʲôµĻҾˣ̽ʵԶмʿѾܲͷء
ֳͷĶ¸ע⵽ˣһЦŵĵصģҺôҲôȨҲǼСһ鷳ġҪ뿪ҵȻûΪû˼֮ǰһҸҸ棡
뽲
¸˿ĵֳЦңҪ˵ģ϶档Ҽǵãղ˵ʯƬܺаɣɵǣҸպ֪طʯƬ
ģ
ֳͱĻˣʯƬʵǺֳѾϲַĸо
¸ָһ̫أȥҵĻѾˣ̫صʯƬѾɥʬȫˡڶھ·ߵСǽܣ
Ļֳһ㶣̫ʯƬѾ֪ˣô֪ƬѾɥʬȫ˵أѲɣ̫رйأ˵Ľɥʬ
¸˵ͷܴû̫صԭַһͷĽƻߡʱ̫ص˶ֶΣǧ˵ûɱ󲻵òأҳ⣬̫ɥʬҲ쳣ı죡
ôģֳǵԼ˵
֮ǰշʱǧɥʬսĵطµڣɥʬԾϰ֮ࡣʱɳȥʿ֣ⷢɢʯƬģҲֻ֪ܸСǣ
ðɡ
ֳطͷȥѰһ¡ҵûüɥʬոɾʯƬ˵ܻһˣ
ղŸģֻ˵һ֡صרǶɥʬķ벻¸һջ󣬵ò˵ᵽĻӵֳ
ȻҪֳɴĵͷ
¸һᣬϸĵڷĽɥʬĽרƲ⣬֮ӦûɥʬɥʬҲǻĳֹܴڵġ˵ǵܹɵȺ͸ʵޡٸӰɣһǰĿȺǿİɣڰǰĽƻҲȫǣǿʢʱְȴ
ĻֳԼ뵽ʲôһʱûͷ
¸˿ϵı飬ûף㲻ô⣬ÿﶼޣɥʬҲˡʵûﵽĳٽǰǿܻ᲻Ͻ졣һﵽɵǿޣǵĽͻ޷ͣͣȻǵ³ͻȺһձȻ𣡡
¸ĽֳȻʣʵôɥʬǵǣ
仰ʵ˵ϣ¸ЦЦĽɥʬʵѾﵽһ൱ĳ̶ȡרƲ⣬ɥʬǺܿڽ׺ͻ᳹ͣƲܲ׼Ҳǽӽ׵ĵزɥʬĽ̶ԽߣӦѶҲԽ󡣺󣬵Ҫٵɥʬܳһֻɥʬ
ܽˣ
¸ϢȻ޹ؽҪֳ˵ȴһǧѻϢǾǣɥʬʵҲģƵ
֮ǰܶҴ߶ɣǷܳɹɥʬΪǵʵڲϽȴԭ̤ڣֳܷʤһΪɥʬͬʱҲڲϵĽ
ͨɥʬһɥʬʱֳܡ
ֶɥʬɥʬʱֳӳֲʦмֲʦ
Ľɥʬ֣ɥʬǵʵӦǵõ˷һӦģֳڵĸ߼ֲʦҲʵǷӦĲɥʬֳĽ׵ĿƴʦҲԴӦԡҪעǣֳ֪Ŀֲʦ״Բģ
Ҳ˵һֱֳǱɥʬ֮ϣ
ۣǸֳҲǸеĿֲʦһǿļֻҪֵɥʬʤһǣ
¸Ȼ֪㣬ֳԵϲã̲סЩο룬ֵˣһҪעǣɥʬڸȵĻܵһ̶ȵơĵ飬ڻԭɳĮȵɥʬĽٶط֧ͬŲסɥʬĽĻԿЩطˣ
Ŷ
ʵ˵Ϣֳǰʹӹ㲥ʱȫûעϢ塣ڱ¸רŵǿһɥʬ
Ѿ׼ǵͷأЩط׼õĻس롣ȻҲȲѡ׳ʿֶΡ
ˣлָ̡
һϢǶֳõģԳ¸˸мܶԷױʲôĿģȷǰﵽֻǣԼ׷ǹʣΪʲôҪİԼأ
ǰλƺǿֳ֣ã֪֡⣬벻ҪɣΪϿؽϣ㲻ԷƱڵʵԶԶҿǱĿƼɥʬǰѾЩĽɥʬ𽥵ǳͨϵȱѾЧȻȴܹԸǣҪ֪ȻԾǿ󣬵ľȴʼ޵ġҲ𽥻ָٶȴԶԶĵٶȡοǻйںġǷչעҪʧصûдĸı䣬еĻرضҪ˥ȴһ죬ͬƾǿɥʬؽ
˵¸۾żڴЩȣ
ֳȻйټƻҲûôࡢôԶ̫ڵ㶣׼˵ʲôϾͱ¸ˣңҲԼǸʵѾˣû˱ȨһͨҲûʲô𣬶㲻ͬúŬɣһ죬ϻᵮһ磡⣬ҲŬһѵԭ򣡡
һһٵĵңã㣡
¸ǲɵֳĲһЩŷС


282 ǰ
һܹҲżˣľȻֳԼ㣡
󻻳ɱˣֳ벻ᵱ档˵ǳ¸ǾͲͬˡǼᶨֳ̬òŷԭҲܿʹһĵߣ
ż˷ܡϲһ㵭Ĳţ¸ΪԺ˺ֳܶ࣬ҲһЩ⡣磬¸֮ǰᵽģעҪʧصжϣ
Ϊ˴شǵˣֳǰ˲ˡļһﻹϿɵģȻϿɽǵʵ
һֶԵжϡ
¸ûϸ˵ǼԵ˵ԼĹ۵㣺˾һ˫нõ΢ֲؾͻ˵ԼĴչˣǰԼŵһɲԨʱ֤ҵĻ
ɡ
˵˵ʵֳ걬¸ʮ֡Ҫ˵˵ȻԶ¸ϺˡԣԳ¸жǱŰ˷ֿ϶ֽŽɵ̬ȡ˵ֳȻʵҲˡǲֲʦʱǱޡҪԼܵصˣ
ʲôûеĻʱҲˣһҪȥѰأͲˣ
¸Ļֳһ㶣Ǹ߲Լ𣿲Ц⣬ֳϷӦû˵ʲôֻ֡
֮ǰ¸͸ֳһɫǹͺϿǹӦúˣȴǳãǹûаۼǳ¸İ֮ڸģֻ˵ֳҪֵĻǰݻһŽľ١ֻҪʾǹԷһæġ
ⷬͶԴи˼ֳ뵽ܶණ
ϣټ棡
߳ʮ󣬳¸Ȼͷ˻֡һ̣һݵľ˾һżֹذڼҴ塣ֳعкʱ¸ѾǼʿ˼䣬װ׳뿪ˡ
źķװ׳Ӹʱһ˴Ƭҳ˳ŲԶĲ·ﳤ뿪
ĪģֳһȻ
վԭ֮˿ĦһɫǹСĵպãȻǮ˵˹ĵע»صϡ
Ǯֳ¸İ̸ͦ棬ûֳȣȲ˳˵֪ʮ곤ٵݺ󣬲ҲŨŨĺ档Ͼǿһʡ˾ķ⽮
ڸղŵ̸ֳҲûʲô˵һ顣¸̬ȣҲüЩզࡣ
磬ʲôϵ𣿡̲ס˳
ֳʼ磬ۼ֮ǰʲôݣֲǲ֪ʵҲ֣Ϊʲôż˹աң˵ɱĽƿߣȻҲûɣûʣô𣿡
Ȼǡ
Ǯʶҡҡͷ룬ԼĽͣ¸ľʮֵ㣬ֻǶʵ̫ʧԲŻץסκοܵϣ
ǮĻֳһ漴ඥûֻǶصĲΪ̫ʧˡȥԽɥʬվӦǿάֵƴơ֪ܡܹԸĽɥʬԲŻѲϣͶϣһֶĲͶʣ
ˣǮ˵ͷġ
ˣղŻ˵ǿɥʬܵȻƣ˺Ȼ뵽㣬˷ܵĵȻ붼ЩӵطǨƵ뷨ҲȫǰǨȻûôȴɥʬв
ǮҲע⵽㣬룬Ը͡浽˲ѵʱҲһ취
ԣ
ü˾ȵǣֳ¸ǵϢ
Ϊʲôԣе㲻ʣѵϢǼٵģλ˾ǣûôıҪ
ֳϢģܾ֮ǰҾ̨Ĺ㲥
Ϊʲô
ֳǰǹ̾ͨҴ˵ԿɥʬҸ԰ȫĵطչҲ޿ɺǡɶǿֲʦ˵ӱҪõģǽйӲдΪֲʦ֮һǮӦװɣǵʵҪȡԵĻ꾧ҲͼӵĺɥʬʵҹԽǿҲԽǿһƴ˫ٶȺǱĹؼʱ̣
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Ǯ񲢲ֳһ㷴Ӧ˱ܵĻȡ߼ɥʬĻ꾧ʵͿܻѽڣɥʬٶں档ʱӭͷ׷Ͼ͸ˣ
ֳ˵ͷᶨĵԣ˿ӱܣǿֲʦܡֻʱҧɥʬĲǣǲⳡɥʬսӮʤ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷʵôǸô죿
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ԼϴǮȻ
ֳ˵ͷͬʱ˸ŵģʯƬһһЩġ֮ԲȥҪɥʬ̫ࡣһСֲŰĸ߼ɥʬһΣգ볷붼ѣ
Ǯֳ仰壬ЦӳˣҵܶģʯƬʲôйȻãûҲں
˵ʱ棬ȻǲֳʲôҲһӦеı̬
ʱ䣬һ·NϨҹϵ˽´ĵطܱװ˹ؼĲ˿ʼǴϢȵڶʱǮ˼ڴ϶ֳ˴˳ž߱ϣ
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һֳ֮ŵͼϵıʾһ·ִ˽ܡ
ΪǧɥʬصأʮȫĽɥʬ԰ֳ˳Ź·һ·룬ʱԿ;ɢĵǡǹ֧Ƿ̹ˣĬĬ˵ŵʱǳսļң


283 мֲֵ
ӵͼֻǸСطСǵ˿ڣʮûС
С˵ġĳУܺСֳһܡѰһʯӵĻطǺܴģ㹻Ϻü죡ĶɥʬҪϸ࣡
ʱ䣬Ȼֳܹܵġ
˰ʱ˼С塢˳Ÿɵ˽ǧɥʬֳʶԼȡһЩİ취ĿĵȥʯƬûҵľȺĹˡ뵽ֳһСݵݶϣ𵶵һʼʯƬܵķΧ

һǡô˹ñΪʯƬλöֳĪƽһ磬˼𽥳
ǵó¸֮ǰ˵֪ʯƬΪв뾩սʿⷢ֡ʱصĲӣϸ˳ž·ƽġǸʯӦ뾩·ԶҺܾܿǳսĲԶλáΪǳսǰصĲƽĺ˳һ·ûֻͣǼսʱ䣬ʿǲϾĹ΢·һĵط̽
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ͨеĹؽںֳʱ˵סһӣķΧֹСʮ
Ъһֳ˵ЯĸȻҵ˾ߵ·˳ŷȥΪ˼ķڿܵʯƬϣֳ·ϵɥʬ䷳Ȼֻɥʬ
һֳٶȶʱٿ˼֡
һСʱ󣬳·ɥʬ֫塢ǹ֧ƬԽԽࡣֱһСվ̨ĵط˶ѻɽɥʬʬֳ֪˵ط
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ĵӣֳüͷܿųƬΪʯƬľĻ¸Ҳ˵֪صˡңĵ治֪ڵ˼ΣʯƬҲǳǿĻǸˡ
ת˰СʱֳʼսıԵʯƬЩߣԾɲϽ¶ԼĲֳ˰죬ûκܴ̼ܵĶǷ˼õͺܶಿǱʱµĵʳƷ׷ˮͷͦóԵӡ
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һȦδֳ֪ҪôǸϢǼٵģҪôԼƲ⡣ϸ˺һᣬȻҵ©ΪʯƬɢɥʬҲкôġԣǸƬĻɥʬ
ǣǿʯƬͨɥʬҴֱȽ׷ֵĵط
ţֳӴΧĿⶨԶ۶ϵĽ̨ܵϣ͸ղžҵıˤֻʣһͲԶֳĿʲôһ·ӲҴʮֲģȻ˾ʮ׵İС
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ϸһºֳ˳ʯƬϵѷ죬Ƭָ֡
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ŨɫâһµڵڵȻ뵽ĹѭϵҲֳԽоڳӯ
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284 ȫ沼Ĺ̦޺
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һγУֳһ˵ܵܣǸ¸һ˳㽫һνջеǮҲֳСʯƬҲһ룬ֱӿмֲʦεż
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λǣ
ȴȵĿʱע⵽ֳǮһŮ
ֳͷһۣЦŽܵҵܵܣԱߵŮѡ
ֳĻʱһȱӵҲŲͨݣǸϽ˸ֲԭҲֵܣѹôȲֶӳ磬ֵպضҲǸֺʹŰ
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ΪҼķ羰ľɫû˵ġȻ̫һǺиľɫ˵ķ羰Ǻϲġ
ˮͷĺ󣬰˳Ѿǽǰ
Ǵһֱסĵط𣿡
ģ̫Сĵ죬ֳЩ档
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ȻֳԼŮʩǮǮޱҲС
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ֳߵġòмˣڤѾ֪˴𰸣֤һ䡣
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뿪һܶʱ䣬ЩҪѯʡһġ
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ڤ룬ش˱ɥʬ͵ϮˣǺڴչˮġΪһֱܰȫԷɾ˯ˡǰ˯֮䣬һСȺɥʬ͵ϮˡʲôҲû塣ֻǸݺ˿ڵļ飬ֿɥʬ֡ڣϷҩɹȹһˣһҩûܳɹǱɥʬˣǷӦʱ̫
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Ҫֻ֣ܹ̫⣡
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ƽһ㶣漴Ӧӳھѡ𣿡
ӻ·Ͼеԥֳ̹ϵĵ˵ͷ
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˵̲ס¶һеĽЦݡ


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ĵڶ죬ǸȻȴͦãԿֲʦʵмļӳɡ
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֪ϴȫֲĹ̦޺ڰҲأһСԱ꿪ʼʮҴߵء
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Ĺ̦޺ʲôΧҴ߶䵱Ҫͦ˵ЩʲôҪһǷԼ⡱е֪һ˵Ϣ˵ָӾȻܹһʮСʱɥʬֲ֪Ȼ֮ǰû˵
ĩĵʲôɥʬвȥ
ԼһҲܻɥʬֲ֪
뵽Ƿ׷ҽ뿪ӪظԼϴšͬһʱ̣Ϸٶ׷ݡܿ죬ͬһϵİסˣ˹ʱֳѾӪظʮĹ̦޺
û㶹֮ǰЩɢŵĹ̦޺ڰ̼ͻήֳһװϿȶֲǢĺϳһ壬Ĺ̦޺ҹֲڰܵơڰע£һĹ̦޺ʵĹţɢϢͨûʲôӰ죬ȴԴɥʬǵĸ֪
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Ϊͬһ˳ϣ԰µİΣֳǰ󶨵ġԣԼһûĹ̦޺ں֮£صⶫЩӪشںߵӪأ
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ֳ֮ǰСȻϼ޻İֻ˼䣬ֳĴ㡣ǣЩ֪ôչȴû취ֹǰһӪصϴȺ˹ѯʲֳȥǲĹ̦޺ֳ֪ڵĻȨڼȴ޿κΣ
ϾЩСӪ˵ȥҪģΪ˻Ĺ̦޺ǿɲ⸶һҳϣ
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һںźϵĻ˳ֳΪ⡣֮ǰҴߵĸоǳǿĸȻǻǿҩҲǳԶ¡Ĺ̦޺սԵֲӪضʱסòԹԿ£ֳ죡
ĴֻҪֳһǿơĹ̦޺ܳãͲаı䣡
ðɣȻôг⣬Ϊ˵һӣҲܲչ˴ҡ˵ǲһֳ̣ϹźƵЦݣҴӪصϴǾȿѵʹһɰȴҷ׷׺Ȳʹƺֳ˵ԼɱﵣĹ̦޺ȻзݡһҪⶫǲԺͿЧģԼĳʱ䡣ȻˣֻҪǼ֧ˣҲĸλϺĹλԷģ
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ʱֳӪصŪĹ̦޺һΧɥʬĸ֪УɽٲȻѾû˰ļȫͬռ졣ҪҵʵʳֻȥʮԶĵطѰˣ
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һʱ䣬ֳĿֲʦСԱæµʵĶȹ
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ܣɥʬȾͬ˰ٷ֮ʮ壿ðɣֱԽܣɾ忴ȥⱻɥʬȾ˾ͶⶼǺƤ·£ǲǷԸȥúڴСôǸʲôԵģⶼԣеĵֳСķ˵Ƣ
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286 
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ֳ㶣ȻʱӦԣΪʲôôɥʬϮ˵¼
⣬ƽԼҲ֪Ƶ¹ԼЩڴʳ˶㹻Сˡ˭Ҳ֪ЩɥʬðģЩرȺɱ˽ֻЩɥʬӿĽЩˮҴ߸Ⱦ
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ƿ룬һɣǳɽ֪һȺɥʬ⼸ΪɥʬϮҴߣڴ˼ҳȥˡȥӰ쵽ӵȶһвˮ˳ԣҽӳһδģ˻ȡǲ֪ɥʬ󳹵׽
仧Ǻɥʬ󣿡ƽ룬ɳͬƿڵĹ۵㡣
ֳԼ뷨Ҳͬ⣬İÿֲʦС鳷رȫ˳˵ˣ˭ṩɥʬѵʳٽ
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Щɥʬ󣬻ǻҵط


287 
Ϊûרҵ豸Ϻͼԣûκΰ취ܹ޸ӡ˰ֳԼľֻб֤ɥʬٿһ
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ֳķԸ£رֶһΣרڴԱ߳һ㡣ǵҪǷɥʬвӣȻмӴӵһв֧ǰףǾͻͨźŵҴʾ
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һЩҴͨǵĵģⲢûܸıʲôȻбΣգֳΣĳ̶ֳϻǿɿصġΪӱҲһ׼ʱ䣬˵˲ΡԣֻҪƽʱüල˳ʱһĻأ
ֳȺӰءƽءɽշתѾЩˣԼһ㹻ȫĹ̶أ
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һΪͻȻأ
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˯µҴ߱һѣ澰Ƿ׷״ӵ·ƻ£˯СʱһЩϽӪҲ˹ѯ״Ǹ𾯽˿˵ƹâΪǵ˻أ
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һ綼ϰ˶ϵҹĺڰڳɽطҴҹ۵ȫ磬ҲֻһЩҵĴͻظ߱СˣҲҪʱ·ƻȴ޷ԭ׵ṩһҹ
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288 һ˵
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ٴóֲֳʶĽ뺮еǰôľ룬ӾҲٴαסţļǽֳĿ¿ʼΣγһԼЩʮּܵ״ҽοס
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289 Ҫʧ
һײеʹ
ŵͨϣֳԷƶֱˡ˵ǿֻҪҪλݻ٣ϻûΣյġֻӵĽԴȴⷬʹ򳹵״ݻ٣
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ʵ˵ֳĵȷϾӵʵȫԸǮԸ⳵ǰĸֿ⡣ǾôŹĻԽµԹ޺֮ǰ˱ɱ¼ǻȥԺ취ֳɲʲôöԷһ񡢴עСͺ˵֮⽫˳ֱըƽ
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290 ϵĶԻ
һֳ֮ǰʡݻص
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ˡֳͷֵزסҲûʲô˰һˡ
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Żɽ
ֳظһ飬ڻϼãҲܳƵϻǷһøֲ̬ĻʵǺ֮ϡǿҲǸˣĶԱ˵ȫǿֲʦĶ֣
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Ǯһ㶣ֳĻסˡ
˵ÿ߻һˣǸ۵ġҲˣǲŰ˿һĴڡ֮ǰɵһˣѾˡٶȻɱڶ飬ͲֹķӦֱ֮ŭˣ
ͨʿֲʦǵȻ£ҲʦڲԶǧǡɱˣػһɱﵡ
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˵ֳܽӣ;ڲ¡ң˽ԴԸ񣬳˿ʹһ٣߱ǴԼ

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Ȼˣˣ»иĽϧֳҡҡͷһϧΡ
İ취Ǯ룬Ȼѵӳձǣ
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ֳһǳﲻǾôϷҪ£ҸһӣϷо⡣ϧǣŸջӣ˾˲ųⷴӦҵȡӣҪˣۣϷݵʱƲġ
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ǮûʲôʣʼרĵĿųϵķΧɥʬʼ·Ҳǳ⡣ǮĳܺãҲòȫעŲڳ¡
֮ԸڷߣΪһǣ¹ǳӵճԶķչڵĳ˰ֳʧлָȻ˵ôһ仰Ǯ׷ʱֳصЦЦû˵
θʲôģɶˣ
Ǯֹһȴû취˭˼ϴء
˺þúڿ쵽еʱתע⡣ΪͨлطһؾɵĽ϶ˡҪǰĻҪôƺԶ·ҪôֻȥǿֲʦԽɽһ·ϲ⡣
ˣݻҲԶˣͰѳɡ
ٴοһͼֳѸǮҲûʲô飬˱³ܣ·߱ڰָ֣״﷭˹ȥֻȥʱǮһŲһɶˮϣһ»ӦʱǱ̳Ǻһ졣
ޣޣⶼ˭Ūģ
Ǯһĭһߺݺ䡣
֮£ֳ͸ɶˡɵ䵽ϣ·˭϶ݻص£˷¡ɥʬĽƣڱķ϶ҲƵϰ
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ٴαԹһǮƽ̬˳ֽʮֻĶɥʬͨ󼰵ٶȳݻر˹ȥ


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ضڳ⸽ĴСǲͬݻصλþڳǽݰ˳һݴ˵ݻصĸ߲ΪԭȿǹǨɵ¶ĵʱɥʬѾʼġǵǻصʵӦɥʬĽԸ߲ջǷ뷨
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ĺԶǾĻǹͲʱıըϵʮ׸ǽĴɥʬ˵Ȼףݻػڣûɥʬƣ
ǶֳǶǮⶼǸϢ
ɥʬ߰ɡֳĿóһŵݣ漴ôЩɥʬӦвݻأܸܿɵ
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һȣһСʱ֪ΪʲôݻصķȲǿڵɥʬʱֳǮЩͷˣ֪ˣǾʹɥʬûֵĽȥˡ
˵˵˻Ǽӵɫʱݻص˲Ŵ򿪴ţҵɥʬ֫ʱǡҲбҴ߷أֳǮһ·˳ĸ˻˽ȥ
ƣӦɥʬ˾Ȼûκͱʿ˽ȥǴʱбȾҴ߻ȥݻضһҡ
ȻĲǻصķݻغ˿ƼݵҴߣľ͹ƽ·Ҳ洦ԿɫʾŻعĻҡЩףһָоݻƺĩ·ˡ
ߵԺȫǽϣ޹˵Ȳ뿪ס㡣
ʱȫװѲʿڻ˹ʱߴ·ҴߡǹΧҴ߸Ͻÿ·Щ̬Щӵʿͨ
Ϊ˲ʲô鷳ҲÿǹȥֳһҴߣ˼⡣֪Ѿ죬ԽʱֳǮᵽһ˿
ȫǽϣȻΪĲɥʬȻˡϴ֪Ϣ˷ݻصܿѾߵ൱Σյĵز
ֳû̫Ĺϵ룬ȻߵͽϣҲץɣȥǸŽľ١
Ϊʱ¸û˵ֳҲŽʲôְλǵ˼ҺôҲǳ¸ĸ֮һ̫͡Ϊ˾̽ϢֱֳóһͷͣϱһȺҴߵĺ»ҪĶ
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Ǹֿǡ֪ϢҴһ̻ʣһ˵Žְλڵء
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ʿ¼䣬εķ־ȻûӦ˿Ƶ٣ûˡˣǼţҰǽȥʡ
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ֳлĵĪԼ߰˷ӺǸʿ˻ٶûɵһᣬŵʦƺûʲôˣǽȥɡ
Ĵ·£˺ܿߵһװָӳϡǲ̫ĳϣ˿ĪԼʮ꣬ЩŽ
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ֳЩϵǹͣŽһϸϸ˺һе㼤ЩֵĿ˿ˡ
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ŽƺѾ׼ԵҲû¶ʲôԾı飬ֻЩеĵ˾𣿡
ڻؿģȻȥȰʱҪһ㣬廹Ǿûġ
ֳĻشŽЩοЦЦǾͺá
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ֳסˣһֳŻڵʵ˵Ҳû֮ԹΪӱĵطõϢ˵ݻصΣҵʧأԲŴҴææĸϹ

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ֳг¸ƼŽûʲôǿЦõϢûݻصȷΣԨԴ̫࣬ҾͲһһϸ˵ˡ򵥵ĸΪĲԼʿĴìܡ
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ֳ룬һصʱ˵ҹϣѵ
ŽһصĵǰĲӱϾأָ籾صľ˳֣׵屻üΪ˾ĸ֮һǱһþֻȻжʱ䣬Ӱ쵽ڻûɢ⼸ìȴԽˣ


292 ҪˣҪ
ŽܳأҲֳоݻƵϾìܣݻص˾Ǽþʦ𣿡
ǣҲȫǣݻصƺܸӣ
Žϸֳһ˼ʱװָӳĺʦʦнϢԼ㣬Ѿˡ
ĳŽںϢ˵üͷʵ˵ʲô𣿡
ڡƻģСҲڣ
ŵ൱װ׳˵ݡȻŽԽӼѾ˵ĳЩ⣬ڹؼĵطģֳǮֻԼǹʲôؼƻģľͲ֪ˡ
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ֳһװ൱⡣ǮҲͦߵĴһ̫ˮϴ˸衣
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ʦĻŽԥ˺һᣬúŵô˵Ƕǳ˾ѡģŵù˾۹⣡
˾ҵȻҲû˵ֻô꣬ҲʦԼ̬ȡ
˵Žᶨ˿һۺʦɣ˾ҶɽǰҵĻҵڻǵáȻŵˣҾͲı䣡
ʦ΢΢ƫͷνĹִ
ɣŽ̾˿Ȼ˳ȥֻºʦһˡ

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ǲֳ£һ棬һŽѻ⳶˵ԮϣСͬ־Ҫʲô𣿡
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ֳҲû˵һ飬涼󡣲ֳҲɵһ䣺ܸپ٣ûй̶Ҫ󣡡
仰ŽЩɫࡣ
룬ӵĻӪҲȱɣҿ20򷢡̹ʲôû⣬ҪЩľҲԣһǧȻҪһǶǳֿȭģû취ṩװʳĻԵĸ10֣ûˣ
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ĩ˿ڵȻҪģοǧֳܸ˵ĿڴӦϷӦôˣδǷسɽ뵽̽ʵڵĳһĳ̣֪ܷṩӦĳȻĻ⿿߲֪Ҫ죬·ɥʬҲ̫Σˣ


293 ս̺ô
Ҫ𣿡
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ټһ˵ǧ˵ĳȻʲôݻصѾʮϡȱ˵ͨҴߵĹȡҲʱ磬Ҳ㡣ҪٳǧǨٹϡ
ҲףûгĻǧͽ뿪֮һִܵĿĵؾͺܲˣ
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ŽϷԼһϣǸݻصλһ̸û̸£Ļ˵Ҫ̯ˡʱ򣬻϶ҳһࡣʹˣǿƵĻض뿪Ѿźˣ
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ֳԼ뷨ݻضҪ군ˣһ򣬶ܾˡʱ򣬿϶һЩϢͨҴ롣õĻᣬȻҪúðաȡѳеĳȫһϼǧ˻ȥ
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˼ʵĿһҴߵ
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ΪصĴѾرգֳûнţֱӴʮ׸ߵĸǽϷ˽ȥһ·֪ƹɫҴҵʿ˳ǮסλáһС¥תתȥǮԱ߻ξεʿͬ
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ʮصʱֳڶʿͨҴߣǵϢɸݻڷʲôǶһЩҲԽԻʧл뿪Щľ񰲶ʿЩҡмڴ
ӳôûʱǮֲˡ
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ݻصĸ߲Ҵ뿪Ǯʳ⣬ϾʶԼ2ˣݻصʳˣǰͲأ
ֳЦЦʳֻһҪԭ򣬵ȴȫɡҪĻǣһҴԼԻʧȥģҪ뿪ǾôҲ״ܽƻشţκҴ߳ȥ
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ǮҲʵôǽĵˣ
죡
ֳݻƵӵıըԼжϣݻصѾˣĽȻһʤ죬ǾƻصľƶƲˣȻѡ򿪴ţ԰뿪Ҵߣ


294 Ҫȫ
ǹ˴ҹ
ൽ賿ʱ֣ըݵܼһʱ䡣ͬʱصҲðĴ𣬵ըܿⳡݵս߸СʱȻصĴҴֹͣ
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һĵطͣżðտĳֳǮ棬һһ߲ڵĶСʱǹϡࡣֻطʱǺܿƽ
˭ӮֳЦʵ԰ΪĴݵλ˾
Ǯһ˰죬ĳ֣Ҳ֪
ֳסЦû˵ʵҲ֪ڲ֪ݻصľǰһ˶ֻܿжⳡսʤ߾˭ϵΪԼõĺôѾ֣
ʣµҴߣˣ
ĵĵȴУɫڵĴҲֻ̱ȼðźֳֻ̡̫ǮһԭõĻرưܲü־ԵĽܵ𻵡ǶԿɥʬһ꣬ݻصڻѾӽݽߣⳡսܽس׻
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ǮԶ˰죬ε̾˿˵ʲôջǳĬˡ
һϣֳУǿһҹݻؾĲѡŽָɸֳ뿪߾εĽ̹٣Ҳݵıˡⳡս֪Ҳһֱִֵ̬ȡϧһվλᣡ
СʱȥˣСʱȥˡݻʼûж
ѵǻܷأҴ
ǮݻôοǻصʳͲ㣬һЩҴǺ£ûڧסҴ߲š
ģס˰ҹʤҪ˿ڡͳʧɡЩˣ͸ÿˡĩôãֳѾСɡݻؽմѾ죬Ծɲ꣬ڸϱĿһȣҲһƶԼжġ
ݻյķӦûԤϡ
ൽʮ֣ݻصĸǽϳһӶʿúشҲȫ򿪣
տʼʱֻȼ롣һЩҴ½뿪ݻڵҴһ뿪صĸ߳ҹڧͼս˲ƽҲѻصҴŻˡңôҲоݻصǿиɺĺɽԣһЩִ󵨵Ҵ߹ϵѡ뿪
ڻҲҪǰ쵰Ȩˣð뿪أֻҪֻɥʬδؾһ
һҴ߻֣ǿǲ뿪˻ء
ȻˣȼͼϡȱĻأֶҲܵܵģͨҴ߾Ҳࡣԣ뿪صҴߴ뻹ǲУгʲôġȻԶ翪ȫǱѡ
ڣȥ˰ɣ
ڶҴ½ϼҴڵ뿪ֳе˷ܵķõָʾڸԶӴ󳵶½˹ʼɽˣ
ݻصǣǳɽӪصġ￿ɥʬϮԶ㵽ϣǿԾӣûǵģޣӴ٣
ҴԼӪأ֮࣬ûȨ
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ڶҴߵ££ܶ뿪ݻصֲ֪ȥĶ˶ʱġܿ죬һϾװˣʼתλ˵ʱ׼ڽӵֳ롣
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˶ĳŽλ¸˾ޱصģԼǳ¸õġǰڣֳҲݻص˻ԼʲôΪʵϲ£ܲ鷳Ȼã
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Сʱƴˣֳĳװ˴롣ЯǽʣĿ϶ġһˣֳ͸ɽһǧ˰ٶˣȺȻչٶȿ
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ļ죬ɽ֡æµ
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ֳ˵£Ʊõİ취Ȼܣ
ĩԿֲɥʬʲôûаȫСţڼʶֲʦǿûκܵջֳѾҸʶֲʦǿȻͿȷģ
ò˵Ϊֲʦܹȡֲʦӵʵ̫áҲ̫ˣ
һֳ˸ֲʦСһɥʬò˼죬ͻҪˡ
Ҫ˿ڣֳ˿ʼӦ⡣¼ǧҴ붼ûаźܣҪӼáΪûסʱֻסҰ⡣⣬ҪԼزƹ۲졢¼еĸ˲šӦ
һ뵽Щ߰£ֳ̲סͷۡ
ڽЩ֮ǰҪٿһγڲĻ飬ԼһЩһ£ΪĳЩڲĸңĿģн˺ֳܶ࣬ӵи߲㡣ǮԸǲض˵塢ϴ󡢸ڤҲȫϯ
һʮˣ̫Բλ


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ǸоֳҪʲôشľֳףʮӸ߲ȫס۾գһ¡
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ֱֳȽ⣬Ҫֻ֪Լµˮ˵ӪҲһЩǶϵĻջܿܳǧ֣ɲǸСĿ
ƿȻҲ⣬ǽļʣûʲô⣬˵ջܸһЩңͳƵҲֻǰձȽϵ͵ƷĶġɽػ֣ȻĿܲЩջӦòŶԣ
ܺã
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ζţǵĳҪԼŬ˵ӪءȻҲҪԵȵĴ֤ԼԵԮĩԴ֮һԿɥʬҪָҪչֲʦҲҪ¸Ҷ־ᶨҴߡǵĳҪҴߡȻҲҪṩʳס
·ݵһǧֻһʼҪʳ
һԱ֮ɽվ̫СˣеѾǼޡҪɸҴߣҪĿռ䣡ֳԼĻһСᡣ
Ŀռ䣡
ֳ˵˴εĻ󣬳ӵĸ߲ץסһ仰ѲɣӳҪ
һֱҲóɽģеСϾֻһ˹ǣˮʮףа˳νѵõİȫص㣡⣬һͬȫĵطңĩڸؼˣִɽܵɽѾշתĹˡԣǻϣһ̶ĵصסȥҲиң
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Ҳǲûáֳ˿ͬϯĵܵˣȻЦ˵ǰ˻֮еСҷ֣̫ʺǵĵطܴĸ濴ʤ˳ʮԣʱҾͿʼǵһΰǨˣ
̫أ߲̲ס˳
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ֳᶨظһ飬漴͵Ϊһ˹ɽȷСɸ̫ǾϵµĲҪ֪̫صɽ͸ߴʮĶѾ׳ɽˣһ˴󣬸ο̫
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ƿڴûȥ̫Ҳûô˽ֳôһܣɴΪȡ
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ôһ˵ԸպǮҲӸտʼäĿ侲ֵ˵Ķԣ̫ôãΪʲôҪǨأ
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ԼϴȻûҪѣһڸ߲ʹĳˡңҲʲô˵£֮顣
ֳȻ㣬ֱӽ˳ĻɱֻĽƻأңҺôҲǸ߽εľ硣ڶԸƻߺܳûаգҵܽ뵽߽Ķκ󡭡
˸ӣȻɹ˵עͺ棡
Ķκ󣬻Σ


296 ơǻ֮
߽ĶΣǿֲʦһ̱Ĺؼ㣡
ֳôһ仰˵ע⣬ǵڴ½͵Ҳ֪֪ܴԲΪװ˶ΣĶθպֵһ롣ҵִ󣬽ܹӡһһֶһ޶ƣԸĽƻ߾Ͳˣ
һ޶ƣ
͸һֺţƵĸо
⼸ؼóӵһڸ߲棬Ըո죬ĵӳʹֱ˵в
ѾסθڣֳҲͲٹأֱ˵ǻ֮
һ㶣һӦǣѵʲôȫµֲ
ܶһģֻһӡңӿģͬһʱֻһǻ֮ĴڣȻҲԽ԰һֳԼȥġ
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ܹһǧ׸𣿡
ֳĽܣĸ߲ȿֺԼ⡣Ƕʶĳֶڿֲʦ˵ƺζһı
ǵļֳԤУżһ˵ˡ˵˵ǻ֮ľӳЧɣʵҲֻŴ½ܵһЩϢл֪ġսĿֲʦֲ̬ĻѾԽս˶εĿֲʦܷӳмһεҪһǣֲ̬˺ͷΧȫӳɰٷ֮ʮ
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ΪһܹضĲţǣǿԽǻ֮һǿġڿеսݣ
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ǮҲһĻе㻬ǳʲô𣿻ŷƬľ壿
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ô˵Ӫ˵أԸպȻ뵽һ⣺ǳΨӳǴӣ˵;ûκҴδػô˵ܶĩס˿¶ϰˣǲ뿪ģ
ֳҲͬԸյĻ̵ͨĿǣԣǻҪһʵĻᡣ
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ӳ˵ûҲѵòˣңڿϪӴӵǵرΪסδһʱʼոɺ꣬Ҳ˹һֽţ´Ӳ塭ǺǺǣ֮ģ
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ڿʼϣλʼΪ׼ڴոʳǨƵ׼ͬʱ취ռһЩȼ͡ʵںѵĻҿԿԴɱгȻæʱҲҪ׼꾧֮ǰתľҲǰһ˫տֲֽʣľҾֲ˺֮ܶ࣡һ仰һΪδŬɣ
ֳһ˵ǽⳡ飬Ҳʮӵĸ߲ļ˶δϣ
һ̣˿ֲʦ𣬳ɥʬսĩĿܣ·;ңԶѾҵȷ·ڻᶨǰ


297 Ϳ֮ս
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ͬһʱֳ̣ҲΪ˽߽Ķζķܶ


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ʵ;ֳͻʱҪĻ꾧ҲԽԽࡣ
ٶȣҪ߽Ķο˵ҲҪʱ䡣ֳӻܺȺʯƬӿٶȡ⣬볣ɽֳҲиʱɱɥʬԣֳĽٶȲû֮ǰ̫࣡
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֪̫ȥΧҴ߲ǾϲǻɡȻףΪʲôҴûռأ
λиϢҪǣֳԱߵһϣ֣ʱҴߵע⣺̫ɽλõȷܺã̫Ҵ߻ضһѡǰãһֻĽɥʬռ̫ص˱ȰǨ˻ءԣѾǿһˡɣǹȥԺֻҪֻĽɥʬͿֱռԭеټĻأ

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ܻŻɣ껹գ۾ʶȤȥʱʲô¾ҪŭˡĳΧЩҴ߿򳵶ǸԵĳݺŷ

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ֳ󣬵ȴŲɶҡļᶨ
Ӵ󳵶ϵ˶ס˺ֳĻһ̣ǵǰ·ҲԼľɥʬ׷ɱǱûа㰲ȫСȷҪģ
ҴӰسʱԼҪҸȶļңٵܡɽϣҲΪԼļ㹻ŬϧջǱɥʬлһȣҲΪԼһֱסȥȻԭ˲ԸľƬ
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أóŵˣ׼Կչ
ڱӥɵһ˺ԽԽҴע⵽һǮԸҲһʱָ¶Կеɥʬ̵Ĺ򣬶ʮߴӾ䱸õĻ˳׼˵Ϳɥʬ
һʱ䣬ɥʬ񱻻ȼҽűɻŴӿˤ䡣
ֻǣ̶ֳȵĻ湥ͨɥʬЧֲֻɥʬӥȴ𲻵κЧ


302 ɱӥ
ͨɥʬ񣬱յֱսǽȳ̶ȺܸߣվҪ򡣱ˡռû취ɣһҵ棬ˤ÷ǣ
Ȼͷͳıӥȴͬ
ʵͨɥʬѾʵĽϵë֪ʲôʣȻЩ档ңķٶȼ죬߻ƴȴЧ΢ĸӷ
һӥ󣬱ɥʬӥٶȸ幥
һΣ׼ЩֳսԱ̶Ĺͱܹӵͻ潻֯צһͷԵצ˹ȥǸùȻûʶٵץסͷ
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ͬʱӥϵһ£ľӥлع񡣿ϧѾѵܻᡣӥһצļȻӵ

Ҽ򱻴̴ʹӲҽӥצƴȴҲѲˡֻӥƺҲЩǻۣȻûɱ߷ɡڵ˵ǸӣҴ߲˶ݵԥ϶ӥѾ˵棬ҴǴʧѵĹᣡ
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ʱɥʬ񷢶һֵĹ½ɥʬҲﵽ˸߳ս£ȻʵѹɥʬЩҡܵ˵ɥʬڼ١ٹӣǾܳ׵ռϷ磡
ǣֻѲıӥȴԼսβɥʬ˸壡

ο󣬳رԱԼصĿֲʦע⵽һǮƽڤڵһڸֶȫ䱸ӽ͸ɵֳҲԸ˹ϸտɫı
Ҫ۸ʵǱӥɥʬǿ٣ѲڿԷ裬ٶȼ졣ܽסǸ㶨Ǽӵ£
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ٶȻ˰ʱ䣬ɽ̫֮ǰ
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ͷһֳϽĶסеĵص㡣ĿֲʦҲˣһҲҴһ̣һ˵龰ǰǿǻ֮Ȼѿһ硣ŸճͿʼŸһϦ֡еķ磬ûֹĳٶȳɳ
Ӻ糤ֳСȸߡ
ʮӺ糤ֳ
һӺѾٳΪˣһһ˶ߵСˡңٶѸٰθߣ·ӿŵ¼
꣬ʲôٶȣ
Ǯɵۣ૵ĸ̾һ䡣
ȻǳԾĻں档֮ǰϢֳӡһ˵һǻ֮ר÷ϣȻ˺¡ɫķϺǻ֮·˼һ㣬ٶٴοʮӺѾͨϵĲï֦ҶƣżɽϦ⣬ڿȥߺͿռ䶼Ť
֮ǰֳǻڸ̾ûжɶ̶̼⶯ʱЩˣ


305 սĽ
ֳǻ̾ʱר÷ϵĳЧʧ
ûֲֿĴ߻ǻ֮ȶĻϴۼɼ˿ߣԹ⻷״ΧɢֳڵпֲʦڵһʱܵܵĻԾ
һ̣ǻ³·ֿԴʵ磡
ǻ֮ļӳɣ
ȻͬĸоһڿֲʦǲɾϲѡʵѾǿ϶ֲ̬ٷ֮ʮļӳɣǸţ浽ʲôز뵽ٿǻ֮Ѿ˿Ⱥͳݣ
ڣ˭⣬Щֲʦǵһʱͻȥ鷳
Ϊӳֳǵһ𺳺ʧлָġ˿ΧϽߴٵٷˣߣĻȸɵĽƻߺǿ
ǻ֮ǿ⻷ɢΧɥʬҲѸɢĽƻȻٶȼʱʮﻹûġڵıԵҲˣǾڸֻҪӾܸϵ
ֳôһѣһڿֲʦҲ׷׻ع񣬿ʼæҵĲߡ
ףǽĢ繽˪㶹֣
赲ɥʬŲʵֲﶼٻʹõĶȻö˵ΪļǽⲼʮ֮࣡ڿֲʦǵĿ£ɫļǽȫߵϵĸ߶ȣǻ֮Χ
̵ּ˷ָķߣеҴ߶ģ
һֻɥʬǻ֮ͶӳĴ£Ҳ׽Щɥʬ
е׼ϺߵһϦҲƽ£Χĺڰ
׼ֳг·ƻвεĲΧƵĵƹȻ̫ҫۣҲսԡ·ƻĹâ£ֳǵʵٶȵõһȻȲǻ֮Ƿİٷ֮ʮӳɣҲǵʵƵһȫµĸ߶ȣ
ڣֲʦĶˣھڵȣĽƻߵĵ
ˣˣ
ֻĽɥʬûǵ̫ãܿ죬Լ΢ͽŲеĿֲʦȫһ񣬽Լľᵽߡ֪ؼľҪˣ
ĪԼ߰Եһ·ƻ£һֻӽ׸ߡȫѪɫĹŴ󲽳߱ȻӿƲ죬ÿһܿףһ۵ĸսںֱײ
ʮ׵ľ룡
ƵĹâֳѾԿҪиȽϣеĩǰƬաͷɣʵȴɸǿѪɫĹǼףǼ׵滹͹һĹǴ̡Ǵ⬰£κͼĵ˶ҪܵǴ̵ķˣ
𣡡
ǿԼĪԴĽƻŭһǳ߷ֱ·ɵĳٷɻһڿֲʦǵĶ졣
ɣ
ʱ˵ʲôġֳĶ»˻֮֡ǰõĸֲڵһʱ䳯ֻ﷢𹥻
ǻ֮·ƻ˫ؼӳ£ֲ˺ٺͷΧõȫļӳ޶ܶٷ֮ʮĿֲ£ͨ㶹ӵ˿ػǹĴڡֳǰõļװ˻׮Ļǹ֣ǳٳֲڣ
˲䣬ǧƵĳ㶹ӵкֻϣ
ɥʬֲĻԻᱻ˲ɸӣɥʬҲ⣡ǣǰһȴȫĽƻߣȻ˿ֲĻҲܼܶıըǰÿһڵĽӡҪǣֹûٶ̫ܵӰ죡
ֲ̫ˣ
ΪֲʦԸȻ˺ĳ㶹ӵжֲȻˣǶĽƻԾ첻Ե˺ڣǲΪʲôټ̫ػκβһֻɥʬˡΪĽƻľ½ս֮
ķΪ޵еĵ
㶹ӵ˪
㶹ϵеЧѣҲֳԤ֮СûΪ˾ţ侲ʱصмװ׮Ļǹֳ֡˱˪㶹֣ϱͼĽƻ߳׽ԭء
𣡡
ղŵĳ±ըȻ䱻㶹ӵУ֮£ȻĽƻҲЩܲˡٶȷŭĴУֻ׳޴ֱ͵Ĳ棬־ȫǰһơ޴Ĳ˳ŵӽӽĿֲʦͻȻ¡ĵըҽŴɳʮף
мܻ壬ƻһӺöף̫˵һ¾ɱǣ
ǡ
ֳһѾԼáѲɣĽ׵ɥʬѾƾ豾ܽڵĪӵˣǵ÷ʽޱȼ򵥣ֳ˵ԾǸޱȶӵĻϢ
ҺãǿƵĽƻҲޡôһУƺݵĺľǰٶȻࡣֳųıҲɹסĽƻԭӲסӣ
ڶݵıȥƻѱ񣬼ᶨĳ߳ƣвݻǻ֮Ĳݵӣ
¡¡
žƻ߿ʼӳɵÿһŶо޴ıը˺ƻըһšǳһţٶٴ׼ʱԸҲʼӣըźһ̣ƻΪģΧ಻ϵıը
ȻǸıըҲҪɷĩ
ĽƻȻޱȣվû޵еĵزܼըըӲĹǼϿʼֶ϶Ĵڡң繽಻ϵĶҲ𽥸ʴǣĽƻ߹ķࡣ
ƺʶĽƻҲżֺſֲʦǷĵͬʱ˫ֽ滤ͷ֮ǰ˫һţǿгֲʦ˹µǰļǽ·𶹸һ㣬׾ٵƿ
ƴˣ
ʱֳԼûֲֵǽĽ棬߼˷ǿĸ߼סӦòˣȻֳڲûֲ˿Ĵ£׳ֻĽƻߵĶϣٶȱԭأֳ˷ٳԶǻ֮ķȥ뿪ʮ׺һ·Χ˺г˻𹽣
ڵĽƻ߷ֱ࣬ס֣Ƕû𹽵ʱ̣
ݵļٻֳڸĽƻѱһ˲г𹽣ҴƻߵĲ泯Ԥλ˹ȥ
ôһ˲䣬һ޴Ģڿ
ɽҡ
һǱըֳ֮ϡں죬̫һεҴ߶ܷ쳣
ûüܵĽƻ߱޴ĳһƷڵϣסԼҪһֱֻҲڼӳɰٷ֮ʮըĻ±Ӳըϣ


306 ǵļ
𹽵ĳشƻߣҲǻ֮һ鷳
ֳǰյĻжʮļǽֵײĵΧļǽ󣬳ڱ롣Ľƻڵĵطһӣ
ǻ֮£ըɵ·䶯һ㣬ԭء
𣡡
˵ĽƻԽŭ˶ͱ˪ٵȸ״̬
ƶľΧĿֲʦǶզ࣬øǻ֮𰡣ǿʼӹ̷ʱ򣬵ϵɥʬҲ½˹ʼֳǴһ鷳мֲʦһʱȥǣԾֻɥʬԽǣǻ֮˹ȥ
Ϊ֪Ľƻ߻Ǹֳǻ֮ĸȫסֻɥʬͺܲҵĲһףܼıըУֻɥʬͻϼҡ
ܲɵģаص屻ըĳ׵ĽƻߵԱߣ
һֱֲֳʦƵĽƻߴϲķȻﵽһ۷ĳ̶ȣ֮ǰ޷ֽսڿ˷Ͷýʣֻ첲ץɥʬĲ֫ڿкһȦܾȫ˹
ֳ̫˼ƿ
ǽٴαһٻ飬ֲʦǴһʼ͸㹻ӡǷߵǽǰȫʮȭ⿿ʱʱһԶԻֳµķߣңֵʱ򣬿ֲʦҲûͷҪǿ˽
һıը
ڷͲٵ£ӣըÿһֶ˸ءͬʱ˪㶹ֺͱЧҲڳӣƶΧҲκοͶƷòǻ֮ǰҪһļǽ
ֳǵĲͷʵֲĹ޿޴й˺ȴѪɫǼ״Խ˼ӺҪ֧Ųסˣ޴ҡҡ׹ȻЩ֧żǽĿֲʦҲļ󡣺ǻ֮£ǰٻ㹻⹽ܵĻָٶȼ죬һʱ䵹ס

һЩɥʬ½γԹĿֲʦûǽӽƻߣԶԶľͰǸɵ
ؿڹǺ͹ǴѾըƻЩˣǵǻ۸ȥԼͻᱻǰЩɵıȴǻ֮³ѹסܵͷŽ
ҲסСܣ
ֳӣը׼Ķ˿ڴֻƻٶش
ѾֱȻλķԾɼӲޱȣҲֻǹӲдˡǰǵֲ£󷢶һβϮʶһƵĹ󣬿ֲʦѾࡣȻԾû㿪ȴǰѻתҲֻ΢ˡ
ԼһδЧĽƻвʣջεĺȻ¡ѾòԴ³꾧̺Ϊĺ
꣡
ȷʤвսĿֲʦԼͬĻ½ϵİĽƻߣǴĹţ
ĽɥʬȻûһƲ磡ֳǰ꾧ԸճһĨ˰Ѻ̾ڿʱܸɵֻĽƿ߻ˣ
ֳŵڵõľ޴ʬ壬ЦȷˣƿǿĵطܿƼʮɥʬ·ֿʱǸɵ˵ȸɵһֻͨɥʬҪףղһսǱ¶˲⡣Ըɥʬƻߣǵĸ߶˻ЩˡӽϢ￴ռ֮һ׼ũڣԸĽɥʬ׶ˣ
ǮǺֹ۵ĵô˵ǻǸɵһ𣿡
⻰˶ЦˣȷܸɵĽɥʬ˵һЩ
ΪǷǿɥʬֳҲ뿪ǻ֮غ˼СʱȺɱ˼ֻ½ϵĸɥʬֱСʱһֻɥʬҲûг֣ŷֲʦȥšֳԼΪ˱գǾ
ĽƻѾУֻмֲʦСˣûһ
ֲʦȥϢڶҴ߿ʼĻҹﴫȥԶѾ˯Ҵ߳ѡ֪ʤϢԽԽҴ߼ףټĳӱɻֵĺ
ʤˣ
Ľƻ߶ӳɵˣʲôвǣ
ӳ䣬ɥʬսĩ
ף賿ĵ㣬Ȼ½ƽֳ̫ʱϻʱľӪһĻһԾ˴ҹڶڲӸ𾯽رԱصĸ߲㻹ǵһʱֳףأ
ൽʮң̫˸ߣҴ߲ŴŹǷ½
緹ֳԥټеҴ߿ʼɽϰǨΪҹֻʱ˸פأʰҲ졣СʱǧƵĳ½̫ɽţ
ǰжȻûʲô⣬ӿ˾ͷŵĵطֳõĿֲʦǷֱŴǽ̬ͨĸıӴ
Сĵʵ飬ǷֻҪмֲʦȫά֣Ա֤һµĿͨװ׳뿪ȥЩˣϾǲרõĸ̹ˡʣĳ԰ȻͨȥһЩصؿأҲʱж²ֻȳִﵺϺж»ͿԿճװء
ͨЩ鷳ֶΣ˴ʱ䣬ȫᵽ˵ϡ
ڣڿǨ̫ļƻˣ
̤ϱȰ˳ʮɽеҴ߶ѡܶ˶Ķߣڵɹ䣬ȴֳʱǵжȻ󲿷ɥʬǻ֮ȥ˵ϵĸ仹вɥʬҪ֪һֻɥʬܴԣرûȫǰҴԾɲ׼䵥
ԴˣҴȻЩʧҲֳ֪ΪǺãԲû˭Υ
˸߲ǵԼ£һҴ߸泵˵ϵʱסȴر˶ԵչȫӵʮĶغʹɽȻܴ󣬵ڼǧ˲ӺͰֲʦȫ£ܿ㱻ȫ
ڼȷһЩɥʬȫһ׵ɥʬǻ֮ǵǳƽȻɹܹҹջûӹһ٣뽨սԱǹ
ǵļң
˰ȫƺ󣬵ϵҴǿʼԾֳ߲Ҫ黹ҪܶࡣҪһǣһʵĹ滮Ա㽫ԣԴֳɵĽ


307 صΣ
ֳǵ֮ǰ̫ڵס˽ʮˣ
Ȼɽ˵Ѿӽˡɶڲһ˵˵ÿ˷ֵ˫ݵĵ̶ʣࡣΪ˱ڹպģֳƱҪһ滮
ĻͲڳֵסһ㡢סһˣ
˵滮ֳ¾һĩǰй滮ġİæ£ֳܿóһݷ¾ǻ֮ΪģԲΪסе˳ԱܻסΪ㹻ԣԲĻԵڿֲʦһڸ߲㣬סǻ֮ĵطҲ
ļ죬ɽ
ͨҴ߿ʼæŴɨԼķݣȻҲסϰ˼ֳڵɹչԡͬʱʱר÷ϸǻ֮ʩʣ
ǻ֮µǰһܣٶȶᱣֽϸߵˮ׼ר÷ϵĴ߻£ǻ֮һһģ˵һȥܳƵϲĻǵһܵıرϴ߻ǻ֮ѾҪʮ˲ܺϱĹˣ߶ȸǽӽסǾ޴ڻգԶ̫ɽ϶ܿдеĴ
ӦģԿֲʦΧҲ˷Բʮ˵ֻҪڵıԵܵǿļӳɣԽмԽǿ
һǣǻ֮ĳɳĹҲԽԽơ
һܹȥɽԸΧһ¶ȲķȱСˡáԼļ紺ӣκֲͨõļӳɣ⣬ҲͶȼߵֻ֡Ҫһ£־ܽ͵ϣ·Զݣ
ïĳطϵҴ߶զࡣ
ȻĳЩȷڱ⻹ҪǱϾڵ־ϿģҶҲѾ˼ǧꡣǰͷһγϵȴǵƤ£ֻһܾͳ
ֻҪ㣬ٵ˶޷Լ
֮£ʵǿĿֲʦǱͨҴ߻ҪȡֳĴ£ǵͨǻ֮ϣҵԲιͨ˴ķֲ֦λ
Щ֦·Ϊ֡һͨķ֦֦Ҷïһ־ķ֦֦Ҷƽֿ̹֦ɡ͸֦Ϸķ϶յܽܵĵطпɱ仯İۣǾǿֲ̬սֲλ
ֳǾͿ𽥽ǻ֮һǿġ޵ҩսݣ
⣬м԰Ƶǻ֮ṩϵľֻǻֻ֮ȼطʱˡԣֳҲû⿪ţʱֲֻʦ
ļ죬ڶҴӦ̫صɽҲƽ
ָɣ
ɽĵһλϣֳ㡣ɽ㹻󣬳׶ž½ɥʬвǻ֮ڣֲʳѾȫ⡣Ĵ߻Ч£ȫʵһֲļ
˵ֻҪȵ㣬ʳѾ⡣
һжɵķչţɽϳһƬٵ龰ϵһҴҲǶϣ٣ǵѾܽӽĩǰİˡȻʱʱɥʬر˺ͿֲʦҲἰʱǸߣ
ȻһƬõľ£ȥɥʬĿֲʦСӴһϢ
ɥʬڳؾۼƺ׼򻦺ŵһмһεĿֲʦŽм粻áżֲʦͬһɥʬȡ꾧ȴ⿴˴ɥʬǱǰ˻档
ȷ
ֳûôĻֻһ䡣
ϾؼҴߣ϶ɥʬǰͺ̵ĹдɥʬûзءңصľȻأôҲǵڶλոʮȫ⡣ûмɥʬ빥ǲܵġҪȻҲɥʬвˣ
ȻңҿԿ϶ǣɥʬĺܶ࣡
ŵĿֲʦȻҲһǿǲûأڻصļʮ⼯ᡣǡȥɱɥʬ⿴ġ
ֳⷬЩˣͷԵĿֲʦлȻѸٽ׼ԵĸڤʮӺ󣬵õȫĸڤͬмĿֲʦˡǵ̽һ¼Χɥʬ˳ȷһǵ
ǺΣյģֳҲûǿҪʲôһԼİȫΪءмֲʦʵһӵĻϻû˭סġ
ͬʱصĸ߲;Ҳٿ顣
ֳǵȣ˿ɾͽ̫ˡǺʮ㼯ɥʬǳġ¹Լû˸⣡
ݸͳƵ鱨ڻ۵ɥʬѾ֮ࡣɥʬԺ⻹ǻͷ˶ɥʬһ񻯣ĿؽԼǧɥʬ
Ĵµ鱨ɫ˻ȥ±š
ǧֻɥʬһɽѹ˵ؿڣ
ô죿
еü˼еڰ̾еԾ;ˡɥʬǰԻصľԸͨɥʬʲôڣľҲǵһΣյľ磬ôĿֲס
ȻǶԾºɥʬʵ̫ͣһҲ֪Ʋ
ǻòľŵӣֱһ˵Ϣ鱨ԱĻɣ֧ɥʬܿĽƿڱٿأңпǴģ
Ľƿߣ
ԴӾսʧ̶ܺ־ͳغͻصĽɡʱʮ뾫񣬱ǧɥʬΧʧص龰·ĿǳʧܵսĽƿߵĽڣˣȻǾݳǶأеƣԾûаֵ
飬ȨСͺ
˳ܲסѹվԮȻ֮ǰùһκһöҲûʲô
ԣ
˵վԣҪ֪ɥʬ뻦ѾôķͳܻܿӰ쵽ǡؼǣ˭֪˷ɥʬı߻ЧúȻʱǰЩɥʬȴֹʣֻ߻ĽɥʬƿߵҲˣֵ̫ƻߡ
붼˾
Ҿãõİ취гĽƿߵĴڣȻôλĵƵըûĽƿߣɥʬвֻԭ߳ɣļ߼ıԼĹ۵㡣
ʵõնս


308 ְæ
ҳֻĽƿߣ˵ɣ
һλ곤нݺݵķǼıȫ̸ֽܺõȴȫʵáϾûǣҪɥʬҳһֻĽƿ̸ף
Ѷȣ˵ǴҲ֡
ǣԣָʲô취أݳǶأӲɥʬ߼ıе㲻Сɡ
Ļʱнƿԡ
ڵɥʬѾĩձʱˣټʵļ󣬴˳֮£ҪסνʮּѡȻӮҲǲʤĽƿߵĵ£ǲ֪Ҫˣ
Ĭ˺һᣬص˾վ˳ɥʬӲӲĻǺܳԿһҲܲʧˡԣҳĽƿߣǻǾһ¡ֻҪܰȸɵʣµľ׶ˡȻҲܱŽҵ׼Ļ׼ҪӲ̵ĻǾ͸ɥʬսף
˾ıֲ̬֧ıĹ۵ģе⣺ҵ˼ǣֱǰɥʬصıؾ֮·ϲ¹۲ռƸߵλáһǷĽƿߣźŵ֪ͨزüָָʾĿλã
ǣһϴģɥʬȺǻʣֱѾʮˣ
˻ЩǣϾĩһɥʬвԽԽ࣬Ѿƿصˣ
ص˾ǹϣֻһ˲ãͰƻ𣡲ҪʧһЩֱͻؼ˵İΣأҪ㣡оǣһӵźźָضĿչ̺ʽĺըѾʣĴλƵըƳ
ǣ
в˲Լͬվ˻˾

ӳһˣ
ȥ̽ĸڤûкķ̫ʱ䣬һĹһصķ̫ء
ı飬ֳһ֪صƲô롣ȻûʣڤѾһһʮ˵˳Ҳмɥʬǵصģ䶼ǡҵӡֻаعģǴɥʬֲǿ֮ȣ
ôࣿ
Ȼ׼Ϣֳǳһɥʬôú󣬼ɥʬֱ޵дĴʣȻϷһأʵǿвҲδܶס
룬ֳЩɵģ
˼Ϣֳ˿˵»Ҫˡ
Ļں棡ڤüͷҪصʱǡÿһֱ֧ӴҴҷɹȥǼţǺĵĽ͸߶˼䣬뿪͸©Ϣ˵ǻػγģɥʬֱи߼ɥʬĿƣ
ĻֳӾˣĽƿߣ
ڤ˵ͷûֱ˵ָôɥʬ϶Ľƿˣ
ȷǸϢֳò㣬ɥʬſһЩСߵս־ˣڼһֻĽƿߣֱɥʬ绢
Ҿãǲ취㶨ֻĽƿߵĻضҪ군ˡҲʶ㣬ЩֱǾɳȥ۲ڵĸӣΪľ취Ľɥʬڤ̾˿ֵĽɥʬӦûûȻְɣеĽɥʬӦöʯƬ߻ġ˵ɥʬӦüϡٲŶԡǵãȺɱֻϻֻǾֻˣ
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ĲҪؼǻܼܲʱɵ
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ڤ³ֳ뷨ʵӳȥæ
ֳ˵ͷȷйȥ˼
ĽǶ˵лŴڣ޶ɥʬע⡣Ȼڵϣǻ֮ѾȫɥʬôھܹǺ¡Ӹ˽Ƕ˵мҴߡֳԼʵҲ㲻ˣĿôͬɥʬûκηӦ
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ҲĿǸʵƿߣǻƻ߻ʳߵĻֳɾͲ˵ǸˡڵʵĽɥʬͦѵģҪ˵ɥʬΧ»ɱ
ڤϰԵ°ͣĻҾûʲôˣ
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ĽƿٻԵʣ̫뿪ֳܸоΧɥʬӡ޶żЩɥʬȫһƶǾǻڵλáȻеͨɥʬǸϲϲսˣǶ׺ɥʬ
ΪʱɥʬϮֳǰٶȱԤĻҪ
ϵĹ̦޺ȻЧ߽ɥʬһǻᱻֵġ˰ʱ䣬𽥿˻ıԵɥʬѾԽܼȥΧֹȫκλ˵Ӱ˵Ҳֳֻʱ̼
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ֻɥʬֳ˹䷳֮£ֳ³ɵһȻͽǰڵλþɥʬļѾԶȻЩ۲ڵĸʿӦҲԶˡ
ӦҴƸߵ㿴
ţֳһܣһʮĴ¥˹ȥ¥̨λòӦԴ龰ˡڱյĿǣֳָ̧ԼҳϹսĽɥʬͻϮҲܿ¼
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Ĵɥʬ¥ڲɥʬٶˣֳ첻ɰвһӺͳ¥̨֮ϡĴƬǽش۵ס΢ӱóԶʼĴ۲
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ⲻҪԶĵһۣͿԶ۳ɺɥʬλÿԿ˷ɥʬԴԴϵļ룬ֲ֧Ĵÿʱÿ̶ģֳԵһ£ԱܿɥʬϸڡǣҪӴɥʬзֿܵĽƿߣֱǲܵ飡
ֻ΢һᣬԼȥҳλõĿܡ


309 ˭Ǳ
ڶȺҳһĸ壬⿴ֻҪʵȴǸ
뵱ֳڳɽߵ߰ʮɥʬҳĽƿ߶ôοֳ֮࣡ɲԼôһ۾ͷƿߣԣϣŵЩɳĸʿϣ
ܹרѵⷽıֿ϶ǿ
ڻصļƻֳҲܲ³һЩ޷ǾЩڱĽƿߵĲأȻ취֪ͨأ÷ɵֱ֮
УϮɵĶɼ
ֳֻҪɥʬһľ룬һֻܷصĶʱǻصȻáûɹֳͿԿǳŶݵĻ롣ڵʵԿѸٸɵĽƿߣȻƿǻĻҴݳ룡
ƻû⣬ɥʬڻ㼯УûĴ㡣ֳҲֻڴ¥̨ϴ磬ÿһʱ͹۲һɥʬĶԶ¿ʱֳڿ֧һߵɥʬĽ
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ֳһ񣬶ＸȹĴˮƿӣĹ۲ɥʬ
˭룬ʱԶĴ¥ͻȻһͿԲֱϻӡıB-7421˿̣Ǽֱûɵ̫ԶֻԶԶĸɥʬӦڼǵĶңԶʣԼԿƵĺڵ㣬ȻسֱֹһܡڼɥʬĽƿߵв£Ҳǻȥɥʬвˣ
ֳԶ۲ֱʱԶǼֱϵĹ۲ԱҲֳƲһܸۡźԶľ룬ǳɫע⵽̨ǸӰ
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ûһֻɥʬôԶ۲ǣ϶ǸˣҾһ
۲ԱļôŻĿͬת˳ָķ򿴹ȥȻ̨Ͽһӡϴһͨװķ϶ԼԿɫӡĽ¶ѷһɫװ˵㶫ȴӣ
꣬ҴߣĿҲˣһˣûȻڻǽߣ˻ҷˣԹԣҾȵھȻû׳յһĺð
ҪɣôҲǸҴߣˣ
˸ֱʻԱһ£û˳־ȽϺáǣֳеע£ǼֱֱͦͦĳԼڵλ÷˹ͷʮ׵λá
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ŻĿӴ򿪻ţ̽ͷһ䣬ֱһſ۴ӡ
ֳ£֪ǰԼЩ֪ɥʬͨҴˡǵǸĻᣬİѿ۴۵ϣȻ˱ȻһOKơ
ܿ죬ֱϵ˱˸Ǻֱ
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⼸˵ԮֳǺܸмġĳĵлԱ߿ճһλϣȻ˳ְѱӵ˽¡
ûʲôֻǡˣǸ۲Աģһ߼Զ¿һڵ˵ҲãûУȻûɥʬ֪ɥʬΪʲôû㣡
׼ȷ˵ѾʮˣԱߵĴĿһľ
ֳʼ磬ûʲôֻǵðɡ
ϣˣ۲Ա̾˿ĺһֱȥһֱ˳м䲻ɥʬ񣡡
϶ģֳĵЦЦǸǴż֤˼ʵǵĹѰĽƿ𣿡
ˣСɵ֪Ļ治٣
ֳһڵǵĹԥ˵ƿʣ۲ԱЩ⡣Ҫ֪ĽɥʬĻֲûдĶͨҴ߹ֽ׶ֵ֪ģҪôǾˣҪôϢͨʿǰɵһðʧ뻦ǽģô࣡
ŻĿҲͬе⣬룬ǴģȻСףӦ֪Щɥʬ´мǱһ˹뿪ˣΣյģôæػذɡ֮ǰøһֱϣǲҪȺɥʬ񣡡
ӵĻֳ⣬ϵĵͷӦûа㲻Ը
СʱֱһֱԶԶĸɥʬжȻЩɥʬвԶ̹ģֱһֱСģĸ߶ҲͣûǹĻᡣ
ʱ䣬ֱҲȺ·ϵߴ۲ȡϵܶԽܴ󣬵ʹõĶǾظŵĸ߼ԻܽԶһЩͨŵġֻϧһ⣬ûҵڴеĽɥʬĸʿɥʬ֣ʧء
ֵһǣڱжǰѾ׼ԣ˵֪جĺҲûʲôԹеֻǶɥʬĺޣ
ֺޣԽרעϣֻܹƿѰҳ
֪УɥʬǰѾƽ˻صΧԴĻѾﳷ룬ֻ㹻ĺͲֻӣԾѻɥʬĽ
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һͰⲫĿս
ɥʬĽǳϬʬһĳȻصľҲǳصġӦƵĽǴϵѾһ׵ӦԷ˿̣ɥʬǵĽʿæңǵ
ֻ̽ɥʬܿ㱻𣬵Ҳǽϵʿ˾޴
һĻڰƿЩܿ죬ɥʬ»ع鵽˳򣬿ʼͨĶɥʬսؼʱ̲ɥʬһעĹУĵĵȴᣡ
ͬһʱ̣սԵֱͲĹ۲ҲѰڼĻᣬҳĽƿߵλã
ɥʬӳʮ˭ҲֻƿߵײֻƾԼĸоɥʬһ
ڣͿվ˭Ǳˣ


310 ƿߵʵ
㯣ǻؾһξպ26ꡣ
ʱԼʱսһ𿪸ۻᣬһֿġɴȥ꿪ʼһȥˣ
Щɶɥʬ
ǣԼʧȥ˺öˣĩûͷĻɫӣ
ȥʱ򻹺һЩɥʬûãɥʬҲû֣Ǿѹɥʬڲͬˣһһѹ⼸죬صרҺ鱨ԱĽɥʬ빥ûټΣǲòҲðǱڼɥʬԱߣ
ԼĴ¥ĵѾ׷ټϻصսɥʬѾ¥ɥʬΧˣˣһЩ׵ɥʬڴ¥Ų뿪ȻǲķŹ⼸ʳ
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Խﴫģóһ㶣תͷ˿Ȼ˴ɥʬڳһսɹȡܴʩĻԼᱻ·ɥʬ֮֡£ֻܶ׼õαװɥʬȺͷϷɹȥ¶ͷ˳¥һۡ
డѵЩɱô
֪¥ʱ㰲ȫɿ¥Χȫǻѹѹɥʬһߣ㯻Īѹ;֡Լͼͬͺñڿ񱩴еһСʯϣʱܱһķ˾뺣ף
ĽɥʬϽӳɣ
޾Թ׵ۣ¾ͷԶĽɥʬӰ¥ϵѾˣֻҪҵֻܴڵĽƿߣͿ˳ɻ
ʱ򣬲Էػʹĳ衢һܻͣòƵĽ
ŮҲڹյܻи㯾ԶһϣȻĿһĨɫӰֻ¶һ˲һƬѹѹɥʬĻȴԵøۣ
Ľƿߣ
ʶĽ˳ͬʱϽԶķ˻ȥͼȷֻѪɫɥʬľλá
Ľɥʬˣģ
㯵Ľͬ龫һѸٳ£
𳳣ҸղſˣɫĹһӦͬ飬һСĵĵŽǶȣڸղҵǸλϸšȻʱûֻԽԽƶɥʬɥʬöɥʬûˣֻĽƿ߿϶⸽
ҵˣ
ȫעһӺɥʬȺпǸֵĺɫӰ͸߱Զֻͷϳֻǡֻһ㡢ȥȴȼߵɥʬһһҵĻЩ£Ѫɫɥʬĸͷܲۡڲͬɫ뷢£
죬źŵ׼ⷢ
ȷѪɫɥʬĴں󣬼˶ʱæܿ죬һö۵źŵȽȽգǰ춼ʮ⿴
Ǵʮţ죬ĽɥʬټλʮźŹ۲
ʮź˷Ľƿߣ
źŵյһ̣Ĺ۲ڡֱͻصרְ۲ԱͲԼͬķˡǵȻźŵķζʲôԼͬ˷ôҳĽƿߵλãԻشɥʬĳģžԵĴٽã
Ƶը׼LT-3ضԵؼƵ׼нǸǿװֱӣͳͳϣ
Ƿ˺ˣŸոһɥʬļ϶ͷóԶ̻ȫ˳ⲻϧҲҪȸɵֻĽƿߣߵһսֻĽƿ߸شĲҰӰ̫ˣڻ͸߲ȫƿΪһɱĿ꣡
ܿ죬ѾԴĶöڿն
ţװֱҲıӳĿλ÷˹ȥ
ͬһʱֳ̣˵ֱҲźŵʮźŹ۲ڡֱʻԱһĴȣû˵ֱϣ
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ôһ˵ֳҲ
عȻϵģιƾܶͷĽɥʬˡԼǰһˡҲô˵ôſ˴۽硣
Ϊֱٶȹ죬ǱɥʬıԵڿźŵѸٸϵʮźŹ۲ڵĸֳԶͬʱʮöյٶȴųȵβӸ߿ӹȻڼָƵ¼ʱı䷽򣬳һλ÷ȥ
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ֱϵȫ˳ŵķз˹ȥһ˲Щ޴ĵȺأһľ޴ըɥʬһʱ仯ɷɻң̵ĽҲڳ½̮ȻûĢƣƱֳĻҲã
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죬͸߶ȷɹȥ
һֳֹ̣ڵֱ߰˼ܷɻҲˢˢĳըλ÷˹ȥԶװֱӵʮֱҲƴ߸ϡΪһʧѾ˲ϱװֱˣ
˵£е˶ֻƿ߱ɣ
ǣ̳ɢȥǴһ龰ˡ鲼ӺͷĽֵϣһȺɥʬĻסмֻѪɫΧɥʬĲ֫飬ɥʬҲشֻƿ߾Ȼֻ΢ܴͼܣ
ôܣ
ֱֳϵĿɿڴôҲ⣬ȻɥʬҵıըҴ档ֳԼһΪֻĽɥʬΧȫ͹ƽĵӣֻԼڵλãԱ
Ѳɣƫˣ
ⲻӦðרѡ̫Ĺؼʱ̷
ѾǿʱˣؼǳŵĻץɵƿߡһһ㵽ɥʬȺУҳɾˣ
ֱϵ˽ʱ򣬴ȺֱԶǲûʲôɿĴֱֳԱ߷˹ȥžͽ͸߶ȳ淢ֹȻҲ˵ûȫʵ
䣡
һںͺջǹֱϹصըҲƴ۵ͶȥɾʱЩԭȷеֱȻͻأҡ·˾ƵıҲһࡣ˵ʧȥ׼ͷֱΪʧײһ𣬵ը׹٣
⣬ôˣ
ֳߵ˿ɵֱۣʻԱǸϽϧǣõĻӦֻǶ϶ʹȻЩֱʻԱ֪ôżʹ࣡ԭ򣬲ǹʧȥ׼ͷ
Ѳɡ
뵽ղָļҲֳһ𣬵óһһĽۡ


311 ɱĽ
Ľƿֻ߲ܿɥʬпܿ࣡
ۣûݡȻ֮ǰֳɵֻĽƿ߲û¶ļǵãֻĽƿͷϵֻһһСǻûȫǰֻĽƿߣȫ壡
һԿ࣬Ҳþ񹥻Ӱ죡
װֱʱʧȥսĿ϶ĽƿɥʬͬѸתơԶɥʬѸٳ߿£ŬЩըĿյء
صĻ᲻ˣ
ᣬɵֻĽƿ߲֪Ҫԣֳֻԥһ£϶ǰŵֱʻԱ죬Ѹ߶Ƚȥʮ׸߾У
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ʻԱĿֳһۣЩװֱǰ֮ɲҿֻĽƿߣ
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ֳŲɡǼʻԱѾгǹв׼ˣ
ǱֳסˣʻԱһ£ȻĲֱ½߶ȡѾɾ֮ƿǹǰף͸֧Լľֱֳ˾

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۲ԱҲܵ˾񹥻Ӱ죬ֵĸʻԱͬʹ
ֱϣֳֻܰȻˣ
Ϊֲʦӵܣ־ĹмοѾǸ߼ֲʦʵǷܴĽƿ߾ҲǼ󣬸Ӳ˵
ǰ⼸ͨȴû
֮£ֳѸע뵽˵ڡõܵĶݱ˶ʱеĴʹ˺ܶࡣԾɺܲѾָ˻
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ֱʻԱԼ쵽ʲôֳ֤
ŵƽʱֳ˼ϸ˵ڣĽƿ߸ɥʬľѾʮˡٵȼ룬ɵֻĽɥʬˡԣֳļ׷ȥ͸߶ȣ
ֳٴδߴ٣ӻеԺļʻԱˡһƲٿظˣֱĸ߶ȿʼѸ½
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ֳѾȲֱ½ˣܣֱӴֱײȻȥ
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Сӣ𣿡
˵ʱɵˣǲֳΪʲôҪɱǺͺ֮£Ĳ¿ȥǰ龰ȴǴһ
ΪҪˤֳȴɵڰһʱڵϲȳһ˫Ľӡ޴øĵ͵һ߶ȣɱֱˤпܣֳȴ˿ı飬·ֻǴɳһ㣬ûʹǷ͵һţøٶȳĽƿ׷ȥ
ʮ׵ľ룬ֻһ˲䣡
ٶȳܲ׽ļޣֱϵֻŨĽɫ⡣·ʵһ˲˼ʮף·ϴһĨӰŻĿӸԼİ˱ڷģûˣ
µǸȣطʲôȫֵһᣡ
һΪ󼰵ɥʬٶҲԶ
Ȼٶϵ𺳻ֻǸʼ
ȫ׷Ľƿߺֳû˵̧ǰʮⲼӰ׵ļǽӦʱĽɥʬһͷײȥɥʬĺϻҲʱӡֻѪɫĹﵹҲɴࡣȥ·¡ԼľκβǰˣΧ·ܲĳֳ˹ȥ
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ֻɥʬֳûҴ⣬Ȼ׼ڸղŵıը˼ᣬҽҲߣȻƿµǿֻҪȻǰĿֲʦһ̲ˣ
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𣡡
оԼ±ڵϵͻȻжϣĽƿ߷һ·ŭĽ΢΢һ£Ѵɥʬһ־תڸֳɥʬĿȨϣ
ĶԺ״̬£ֳȻˮġֳʵѾǵɱֻȫƿʱܱȵˣһߵڵۺƿȨһ߷ãгտɫı
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Ȼ˫ƻڱǰҪԸοСƿߣɥʬæסһֺþסԼٲ˱壬ٶȴ
һֳ̣ȻǼˣ
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ܵ㹻죬Ҳ޶ȣǱ𹽵ನȻû⣬Ҳһʹıը£ֻĽƿӦ˰ɣ
żֻɺú棬˻ȥ
ԭĽƿĵطѾɴӣӵǸõĺɫﻹڹӲдѾưܵĲӣԴҲ˸ӣȴһ

ֳ˿ѾΧɥʬٶȱβȻһöӣը˦˿ӵס
Ѿ˵ĽƿûȥǰһͲʵľźţ漴㳹ױ۾ĲǻȻ˵˼ѾܷģźŸǰĻعⷵգźŴȥԶ˵ֱϳԱܸоصĵһʿ쵽
Ľƿˣ
ʿǲԼô֪ϢģԴܵľźžô׵ǲʵͺиģĵ˵һݵľȺʿǣ˳
෴ģƿ߱ɱЩɥʬʱɢսָҲ½ࡣɥʬıԵһЩɥʬʼɱӵ롣
ע⵽㣬ɵƿߵֳΪϲֻܿɥʬĹ˳ֳϵ꾧׼ǿдɱȥֳڵʵһ˼ҪΧг룬ֻҪûĽɥʬȫ⣡


312 ҴĹ
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ʶֳǿʵĹ۲Ա̲ס棬˳
ǵıֳˣֻǵȻһЦ˵Ȼֻǻ˵ܰˣ
۲Աһ㶣˷ܵʵ֮ǰĽƿ߹ǵʱע𣿡
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󣡾ȻӰĳ磡ңǿȥģȴȵıը̫ˣֱʻԱҲһ߷ɣһߵѹ֮ǰһڻ䣬汾£ĽɥʬܸɵûвĶˣ
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ܻЩᣬкܶʣҪʦֳ£ǻǹԹܿ죬Ǳ㿴ֳͬһʧǰֻһĨɫ⡣
ͬһʱ̣ΪĽƿ߱˵Ļ߲Ҳ֪ࡣ
ڼĵûЧͬʱҲΪ±Ǹӵǿ𾪡˵ѵS.H.RСӺҲǿɥʬԿĿߵǷӵʵѾԶԶǰߡɣܹڼɥʬǿлɱĽƿߣ׳پǹŴĳͽҲ첻Լһܻ˵İ
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սʱǿǼS.H.RԱʵġ˵ʤǣûʲôҪ˵һܴһСӣǾͲˣοԼҲõϢ˵صS.H.RԱʵн£ôܻᱻһشأ
¸ûĵʵѾˣŲž⣡
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¸̬ȣȻЩɣȴҲˡԥһǲεͷ˵ɣҳǸ˵ɣﶼ֪ʲôǶһջ
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ô˵ȷ϶Էλðɣ
ڻذֱųϳƬʱֳѾǿ췵̫ɽˡе㾪ȵķֵϵҴǶٴЩϲ˷ܣ·ǵõʲôϢƵġ
ֳе㾪档
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ôһֳŴľϲƽֻӰ죬ֳȻ뵽ԼͶһӴҴ涯ͱʲôҴǶ˵Ǵˣ


313 ˮ½ܵĹ
ʵ˵ҵҴ֮ļѡֳ뷨ƿڸˮ
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ֳе㲻ʣȻҵΪʲôͲܣ
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ˣôģֳĻشͦȻĩÿʱÿ̶ˡԼͼʶ̫࣬Ϣûоȣеľͼ಻ֵĸо
֪ؿڱʲôͱһ
仰ֳһ㶣׷ʵͱһǵϣ
ŵ˵˵ͷٵĵǰϮľʲôɥʬʱԿ϶ǾԲɥʬϮλãɽɳ̲ԶӦһڵйʱұ͵ϮˡڤӳѾȹȥˣǷ֪ͨģ
ֳɫеѿˣʵѵлɥʬˣ
⡭ŵرԱҲȷֻ֧֧ĵر˵õϢͿʼˣĿǰΪֹûֻ뵺ϵɥʬ
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ܿ죬ڵ֮£ֳϵ·ص㡣
ڤһرҴѾϷҽСҲˡϧϮѾ͸ԴҲƻȻŵĩǰҲǾ޿ܾȻġ
ӳֳڤ˷׷׸к

ֳӦһ£漴ֿˣ˵ϵǾʬǰϸһֳʮģؿڱʲôĶᴩԴϱо޴Ķҵ­ѡԼԿ֣൱ң
ƣǺڴũҵͨҴߡԱ˸ߵݡ
ֳ˵ͷʵûǱʲôϮ𣿡
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ڤ˿ԼЩɵһɣǱ̫ɥʬˮɱģ
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һǡѲߵرԱ˷ǵǶֻһ߶εĿֲʦǵֳһ˻ȥʣԴ׼ӭֻʵδ֪ˮֵϮ

ˮϲõĻ·ƻǺܿ㿴һֻȫſֲƬצˮֻȫа˾׳۾ͭţۻҪNֳβŤȥ˾
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ǵʱֻɥʬƺǷǡֽ쳣ٶȳǵλ˹ٶȣȻֻɥʬһ
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ǹҹﴫȥԶϧһӵɥʬصıƬֻһ𻨣ȫ˺෴ЩһĹŭ㣬ٶȸһߡɥʬͽ˫ľʮס
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һ㣬ļҴҲûйĿֻšڿֲʦָܸɥʬתȦ·ƻӳɵı˪㶹ļЧǵҲǿָɥʬľ룡


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춫ຣ̲ϵϢûе̫ãܿ㴫˵ر
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رҴߺֲʦֳûô˷ܡֻǰһţʵҼǵã̫ӦòĲذɣֹ
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ڴ˽ɥʬ󣬻ԪˣڸɥʬҲٳǻһĴϢᡣֳڵɽȫɣµĿֲʦȻȫĴɱЩεɥʬ˳Űﻦؼ˲ѹ
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취ͨ˶ź߰˻һĲıҵֳЩһȫװȶĮ͵һҲξУǸʮĲıǸУٽҲֻһ֮ң
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ڤЩ׼ʱ˵ΧȻֳʾ
ӦûҪģȻԵ̫Сˣ˵ţֳתͷй壺˵ĿʲôָôӦأ
һʵѻشֳҲµˡȻ벻ֻЦЦ˵ʮа˾ǳŶӳ£Ӧ֮ǰӳɵĽƿߵ±ˣӳæҵǣԿǣʲôֵҪǾͼܾ


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ĻֳܺθڣҲôġ
ͬͬܰæֳǲġְæһ޶ȣҪǿˡԣֳܿøڤѻ˴˽
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˺ıԵЩ겻ᣬֳǰʶתͷ⿴ֳ֪Ǳϵǻ֮ŵˡ֮ǰҲɽϵģ¼ðһ곬Ĳʵ̫˷ѽˣ
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ֳȻ˵ԼӡһĶԺʵ
ûʲôıֳһԼ̽ϢĻӡǸĿڵ֮ǰĽƿɥʬǻصսУǸ°ǸɵֻȻҲ뿪˰ɣ
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ֳһһ½еĲڣǱĻ˵Լ֡
ãֳıĳֳҲԼһԾӪأҹģͦô˶ʳƷ;ʲôӦҲСʲôҪĻԮǵķϣһӦȻǰܼ¡
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ֳ֪ԼԽͼıĶҲԽǱʵҲû˵ôãʱֻǿĽɥʬըˣòӦôĻᣬųְһѣ
ô˵ıҲϼ޻ܳʲôĿģĽƿ߶ǿ͹ʵǻҲ˵㻰ģԶǵԮ֮꣡
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ĳƪֳ˸ۣε˵صɡ
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˵ţԱߵԸջ˻֣һ£
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ƾ߱׵龰˰ˣ²ı׼̲סһӣըҲզ಻ѡǻ֮ӳɵģЧȻԶ
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ԥʵôܷܵתأ
ֳһۣȻЦȻܡ
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ıֳĹǣϽȫû뷨ܾоҲеƬʲôġҿԱֻ֤ҪùʲôʣʱԵ뿪ʵҪߵĻûκֶסɣ
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ֳĻ䣬ı̲ס˳κֲĹɺԡа취ֲѸôڳһף
ֳʼ磬ʵˣŲţ
̬òıʶղǾ仰ġȻЩŵĵزҲԲȥΪĩ֮ǰɽʱϾûǰ˵ˣһʱ䳤һٶ׵ĲҲﲻĿƼˣ
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ǾôıȻЩģҲû취ȥ
ֳٲ³뷨ЦЦһһŴлǹͼıƬ棬ӡһͦԴӵġٵػǹ


316 Э
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ôһ˲䣬Ϊֳƭˡ
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ܵڶůıɾһֳָ£תһܣע뵽ӯĿƬԾɲţɿֳȴûƭĴ㣡
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ᵽŵ𣬰ŵĽɫâһţı˲һ̬ͦĻǹ֣
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һſŴ̵㶹ӵԳߵĶǹڣ˰ӣǰ߰˰ٷ㶹ӵ
ıǹɲʵѵҪӵ𣿡
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˵ţ˳г˻׮װ˻ǹϣͺñһɫ
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ģԮܣΪٻǿҲƵġңûҸղעڵͨҲ޷ʹõġ˵ţֳʾѻǹתͨˡ
һ۲ѵľǰһӹȻö˵ǹһӵҲ򲻳ȥ

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ֳ˰֣֮ó㣬ĿƼƽܵİؼǲܵģãһſƾͷӡػǹӿռԴӵƼ𣿡

ıɫ仯ЩʣղòϵȷʵοⶫҲоġѾǵ󣬸ĿƼһϵ治֪ܾôֵģ
⻹ĳֳ֡ûлӦĻһֶ̯һһƿǿƿҩҲҵģԴǿͨ˵ʵ⣬ܰиɥʬϮҵĳиȺӤȫĹЧ
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ֳЦĿбҪƭ𣿡
Ҳԣ˵ˡıеΡ
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ĻżֿıȴоǰɢǿƺͲɡ
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Ψһǣǰδ̫ǿ˵㣡
һ˸ɵͷĽɥʬ𣿡
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̫ˣıάдżľ챻ôκѾ˺ࣺܶˣǻҪΪ˸Щʲôأ
ΪڻˣȻ֪ûѵͣԷƽ׵ĸЩ
ҾҪһֳĵʯƬңĩһ䵽ϵģϸĻϿԼðɫâΧܻܿΧһЩȽϸߵɥʬ
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ֳɴĵͷԣǸ
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ΪãıһʯԻصҪǸ˶Բԡǻȡʲôоչôùó
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317 ̫
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ص˾һʣһһƿǿҺϸ۲ĶϱͺܲɵĻˣȻѾסػܹ黹ܵġƿҩЧʵǿ̫ʱˣ
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ѵûʲô취Ū˵𣿡һле㲻ġ
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һԡıȷĵϣҪе㹻ΣһܹɱĽɥʬˣôض֣
ص˾˰죬ڵͷȻˣǾɡҪʲôʯƬôȻǵȷˣǾ͸ˡҵ˼أʯƬ͹ȥǽӴ߶һ¡һǴùϵҲǿܷ˳£һЩ߹æڴֻҪǿϹʲô̸
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ڸżʮ׵ľʱֳ͸оܵļ˲ÿҲȷԼҪĶΪԾٶȺ⣬ֳǮæдһһʯ鷵Լס
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֮ͬǰֳϥ£ַŵʯƬϿʼܸоʯ䴿ҲܷḻѾɢ࣬ʣķԾɲƣ
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ʮεĳֳ֮еͻ꾧ڳɹͻơµڵ㵮ͬʱʵһ̨ףεľ磡ڣʱܸоЩԽĽӽʵʡǿҵĸоһԼͻƸ߼˶Ρƴʦľʱȫţ
Ҳ˵ӰֽݺĳԼҲǺϣʵģ
һֱԱܻ壬ֳ˵ǸĺϢ
ȫµֲ̬Ļõ˯
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ھ˯ûκιֶΣȴκηˮֲ档Ҷܼȡˮɥʬɢӳֲսʱ䣡
ʵ˵ֳԱֲеʧġ
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ѣһҪĻ꾧ߴ8000ң
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һԶ׷ٹСʽ̨ɥʬ񣬻ɥʬ㣬⣡
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֮ǰֳûʲôԸɥʬֶΣֻ֮һӡһٻѵļܣǶԸɥʬɥʬˮ־Ͳ⡣ټ̫ˮ֪жɥʬ㣬Ǹ֣ʱҲҪɥʬҪģֳ˯ֵʱͿƻ
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֪ԼϴٶȽףԸٲһϲȻӵ˵ıԵ׼һѵʵսЧ׺òã˵ǲеģ
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ΣСʯƬѾɢֳܶ࣬ٶȽˡֻǳڿֳǵлдһͻȻܹͨϢȴֳЩˡ


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һ죬ƶһδԼƻҲǰᵽ̫ĵһΡ
ӳɽᵽһ·ǧܰеĶϡԣһЩ̫ҪĶͻᱻڻذбҪٴοһԻҵϵճƷҲȷˡ
ΪԻֳ׼һǧˡ
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һֱ׷ֳ𹥻ʱֻϧٶ̫죬ֳһʱ˹ȥûֹϮ˾ͬһ˺飬ʧȥƵĿббĳ·ߣһӲ෭ڵϡ
ֵĽʳȫͣ˲Σ뿪ԭء
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ڵһʱĿֲٶȽ
ðĹ⻷˲ɢԥûĽʳֻ΢˸ƣȴûȫܿǹɺϢȻûбɱ񣬵һӽӲٶҲɣ
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ֳҪңԼֻʳʱѾǸ߽εʵˡ
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½սޱȵƻ߱Ľʳߵٶȿ˼ԶԶ硣ʱֳǻ֮·ƻ˫ؼӳ£Ҫƻ˺ѡΣĥƽʳߵٶƺֳһ˶Ը֮ǰȺŹƻ߸һЩ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ҲֳʵȲ֤
ȻĽʳ߲ûֳôöԸ
ԹĿ󣬿ֳٴμ⣬ʳ߼˲Ӧԣʼȥֳʱ㣬ûٶȱ˪㶹ֵЧ͸ˣģʽ׼ȵ͵Ŀܻʱֳ⻳ѵ׷ٹЧǱ˪㶹ֵӵҲԶ׷پͺˣ
˲еֳһϵıЧʧʳ߹ֽһӲֳµͷ롣
Ƿ򣬺Ȼɥʬܼ
ӵɵˡֳ֪ԥ׷ȥͼֻѾشĹﳹ׻У
һ̣˵ʱǶһʮ
ȻǵԱԼʳʱ۷ٶҲȫ޷ֳȡɫâһӰʱֳļٿɡǰĿռ·ŤıҲڷһĵˡֳֻֻͷӴܵɱߣȫֻɱµĹﶼ
ֱ׷ٵĻֳܿɱһ׷һӣɫѪɫòӰֳԼ㹻棬ȫ֧źܾãشɱȻܣʱһվٶ
һΣû⣡
ֳڶó˱ӻ𹽵ϣֻɱ߳׺Ƭ
춯صĶٲøɥʬۣĽµɥʬѾвֳֻȻɨһۣ漴㳭˵ϵ꾧ƮȻ뿪ֻʵֲʳߣֳɱĽɥʬսŨһʣ
ղŵһ׷һ˷ֳܳʱ䣬ӳοյܳ˺ԶеƽżмֲʦרųһںӦʡֳܲص鷳
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Ѿµ˽ֲʦΧеĿ
ֳЦŵ˵ͷȷĽ׵ʳߣҸɵˣ
仰ʱü˵ĻĽɥʬǰδе׳٣ЩмֲʦֻǿԸֻɥʬʱֳѾٶһ󲽣ֱӵܸĽɥʬԻĵز
µķͳֳе㲻˼룬ʵֻĽʳҲûôһɣǲŽʳߵģԶ֮ǰֻƻߣ
ƽΪ⣬Ҳˣ
Աߵһмֲʦȴͦһ㶣ȵʵŽĽʳߣǣӦûʯƬ˰ɣѲɣɽģ
ʲô
²ƽΪ𾪣ĽɥʬĿֲȻҲʶƻߵĿֲĽɥʬɽɱ־һȫµĿֲʱ٣
֮£ѾƲ²ֳ˺ܶࡣ
ϪӵĴϸɵֻĽƿߵʱֳ뵽һ졣ĽɥʬֵٶȱԤƵĻҪһЩҵǣԼѾ˳ʵۣҲǨ㹻ȫ̫ɽȻĽʳߵĳֱ־ĽɥʬʱҲûʲôµģ
ˮڣֲʦڵʵȫԸĽɥʬԿˣ
һӵʷɽֳѸһСӸؽϵ֪ͨȻĽʳֵ߳Ϣ
֪һ󣬻صĸ߲ǱȽ𾪵ġǲɳ˴飬ȻڻΧٹٶȷһֻĽƻߡʣֻĽɥʬĳ֤ʵһ㣺ĽɥʬҪȫ潵ˣ
ϢصļҴǻֲ̿ġЩ̫ǨƹģһȿĽɥʬʵƲĶȻǻ߲ǿȡõЧҲѡ֮£˵һǧҴ߾ͰˡȻǵʵصͷ磬ȴû˻Ľɥʬ
Ϊ㹻ǿĿֲʦ飡


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Ľɥʬȫ֣־һȫµĽ׶Ρ
ֹ쳯۵磬Ľɥʬ˾ҵ𵴡ԭڿ֧ŵĴͻأĽɥʬǰ׹ơһʱ䣬Ҵ߻һѪȷ磬ҴߵҲ͵ļһ˵֡
в£һЩк˹ҵرٶȶú
ֹʵоٶһʱ䣬ɺܿ죬ǾͽӭҵɥʬϮЩصȻҲ֪㣬ڶúǷ׷׳Ŷݵİȫʼ룬ܵӻ١
һ֮׶ǱҲϢ
Ǳͬû⣬ĽƿߵϮ׶ó׼ڸشۺҲֻĽƿߡǣʤû׶ؼᶨɥʬģʹǨصľҪʵʩضܵ׶صĸ߲ȻѾڰмӿﱸˡ
ϾڸȶֻҴߴ𶫲ضҪõĶ࣡
ֳ֪Ϣ˻صĸ
صĽͷöҪɵĶࡣǵ£ֳĳǿսȺĽɥʬûҴǻѵͬʱҲᶨ˻ֳ߲ģ
һҪЩ߰ǵս
ŵƽʱԲԼƵսһЩ˻ʲôƿز˾Ҫ뷨ɥĽʬв£ȥҪġң׶أĸ߲Ҫһ㡪ǸֳĸоֻҪɥʬвûǸֲʦǵھͲᵽڡ
£ֳ͹ĺЩˡ
ûɱһɥʬŬԼʵٲܵصȥ͡
ĳĸ߲Ȼû˵ٻֳܰȥġԣһֳȥƽʱѵһĴСͳͳӭӡû˾˵ôвϲӢ۵ģֻҪǶƽʱ£ֳģ
ԴˣֳȻһЩжͬҲԼܻӭΪܡ
ûܣԼļˡѻǻһãЩ߲ǿ϶ͻмһˡԣýĿֳһû٣Ļ㹻ûбҫŪͷԣ
ֳı֣￴Щȡ
һܹͨ꣬ҴߵĴطΪϱиĽɥʬԿѾĳɹˡɸѵõǣܹѳ費û׵ʧԼڣЩԼΪʲôܸˡܵȻǺܴһ֣ȴȫ
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ֳסˣ
ӽмֲʦӡһӺֳֶ£˲ĵ£νģûȫɳʵٶȲûص⣡
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ܴû˿پֳܾһ㣡ȻˣΪʲôӽ߲Ǽ£أ
ܿ϶˸ϧԼͷȨЩһЩľ죬زܾ
һֳֻԼ˼·һӿ
İ£ܵĸˡĸ߲ΪԼĻ£ЧɰˡǲǣֳҲڰ͵Цʼһķʳصĸ
ȻǿԼȻҲ֮֮ˣ
ȻСʱҲ
ʮѮ̫ʼ˳졣ֳһɱɥʬ˳·ʱȴĿ˼һֳһ㶣Ȼˢˢվÿһֳ
ǹУֳе㷢ë
ιιǡֳһȻЩǵȡˡ
θֳĲıҲڣһֳ˵ֳʱ򣬻ʡҴ߶һ޴ΣǱڷôأֳù̫ˣ
׷ʲôˣҲûӦæɣ
ֳŪеͿˣһɻɨ˼һۣһ߲ɫĳ֡
ıҲʶԼʧ̬ˣЦֳºɫ֪ɽ˵վ𣿡
Ȼ֪
˵վй¶Сѧѧ֪ɣʵĺ尡
ı˵ͷʵ֪𣿡
ֳһ㶣治ѵɽ𣿡
ıЦЦ˵ȷɽһ֡λãʡ˺ء
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Ļֳ󾪣ɽ˵վй©ˣôܣ˵ĩ˵վѾȫرշӦô
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ıҲܲȡϴʩɽ˵վй¶ֻ⡣Ҫ֪ں˵վ̣ĩǰװǧߣﱳ壬й©ͨˮѸɢ
ǵĻֳʶԡ
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ƶֳ֮ڣıһɣɹȥСֻԶԶĹ۲һ£ﱻɥʬռݣӽĻ첻ԣϣԴһ֧飬ǵĹʦȥǻѷӦĺȼȡװ䴦͵񣡡
ԣ
ֳʵûѡأΪЩɥʬʱƻӦѵϣֻͣ˰ʱ䣬͸滦רųĵ߾װӪˡװӪ˶ʮʽĹվ̹⣬ʣµľʮĴͺ˵緽Ĺʦ
Ϊȷж˳ɣҲΪ£ֳĸ߲յһУƻֳȫȨָǿװӪ


321 ˵վĹ
ΪжɥʬΪֳŵװӪһȦ̫ɽϽʮмֲʦ
ǵļ룬ֳɽ֮гġ
Эװ׳ֳϵλնŵУǱĴֳ̬൱ã˵еˡ˰·ֳװƣӿʼĿö徻
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Ŀɽ˫ڵʮ幫
Уһ߿ͼһ߸ֳͨװӪλáۿſҪĿĵأֳŴλ͸װ׳Ĺ۲촰ȤĴųķ羰Ͼĩǰ˵վƽʱ⿪ţﻹͦġ
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̹ϵĻǹͻȻȻ·ɥʬϮ
͸ָӳϵĶԽֳ֪ûײ룬Ҳͼֱ̨ԶԶĿԿɽ˵վʱɥʬϮҲǹ̹˵ҲƵƵʱֳĿֲʦǿʼҪսˡ
·෢ɥʬȺģǧң
ǰɥʬʮֻϣ
ɥʬ֧Ԯ
̶ڣָӳϵͨѶƵﴫ˶漱Ϣ;֧װӪҲǳصģϵĵԱ䲻ŵĵӦԡһʱ䣬װӪѹȻ󣬵ȴȵӦɥʬĽ
ǰɥʬ
ʱǰַ̹˾档ӣУҲе㲻ˡָ£װӪ͵رȻȲĺɥʬֻǣɥʬ٣װӪЩƣӦ
ʱ򣬾͸ÿֲʦǳˡ
ʮĳŴ򿪣ʮֲʦȺ˳һƬɫĹâУЩֲʦתܼսӣը˪㶹ֵǳɥʬʧأǵĹҲ׶ƣ
ݳǿõװӪʿǿɵۡ
УҲǳԾѣףΪʲôԼĶͷ˾ǻ˿ˡ
Ӻ󣬵·ɥʬ
ķУװӪɽ˵վһ·ϣʿǲʱøǸķȡóĽ΢ȻָԳ꣬޶ڡζţɥʬûٵܱհȫڵй©ʩ
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ֳ˿Զ֪ðɥʬüʵ֮ǰɽ˵վҲôɥʬ𣿡
УҲЩ֣ҡͷûа֮ǰСӵı棬Ϊյĺܺãûκκй©ɽ˵վͨĵطһҲΣǲŷɥʬ𽥶ɥʬڡ
ѵ﷢ʲôʣ˵дȺɥʬ·
ֳһҲûóҡҡͷ²׵Ժ
ô˵ЭװӪѺ˵繤ʦרͽֻҪܱ֤ǵİȫĸֳûϵ
ȫע⣬ɽ˵վǱҪֹڣֹʹ׺κУ£ܺ˵վڽʱͿǹսӰ죬ܱյȻá
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һ·ֳҲġۿװ׳ٶ漸ʿȵһеĻǹҲƵƵڻ׮ļӳ£㶹ӵ׵һɥʬұܿЩ˵վĽ
𣡡
ֻɥʬȻӽ˳ʿ𹥻
ֳû˵廯һ˹ȥϳȻ󹽣ڲöôֲ£Ȼֲѵѡ񡣶̶ֻ̼ɥʬȫĿܡ
ʿ֪ԣɥʬﲻ־ĳǿ
ˣϴɥʬˣ
ԱߵĿֲʦϽѣõװӪʿԽ档ܻɱɥʬʲôܹɥʬԼĿܣ̫ˣ
ɽ˵վ̫󣬵ҲԲСԴɥʬֺ󣬻ص˾ṳ̂ֳĻᣬװӪڿֲʦǵ½ﳹһ飬ɢɢĻɱǧֻɥʬȷ˺˵վİȫ
ڣֻʣ·Ӧˣ
ֳԱ£һӴŷĹʦרҵĺ͹߽˷ӦѺҡ
ΪȺҪڵḶ́Ժķѵʱ仹ͦġЩģڲʱֵɥʬв£ֳҲҷɾ裬Ͼһ롣Ŀֲʦ͵װӪһܣִֹģɥʬȺϮ
жӦѺȼϵĹ˳
ſĹʦʿİ½ǲ㴦װƼװСװӪ˽װ˵˵վⲻԶĴӵײʱ񡪡ªİ취ȻǲϹ涨ģȴĿǰļˡպǳɹɥʬȻطٶȴЩȼϡǼʮڻûܻѾѾҪˡ
żװ䱻˳˵վУ¶һ˿Цݡ̵˳Ȼ⡣
ֳҲԱ߿ţ˼֪Զ˵ɽ˵վ⣬ĺ˵վ᲻ҲƵΣ
Уһ㶣̾˿˭֪أĩձʱδ˵վۡʱһǳ׹رպ˵վȼһһִеģֻʱ˺˵վûг׽ȼϵ⡣úܿܽɥʬɣΪպܺܿú˵վͶִеڶƻľڿǴģ
ĻֳҲ˵塢ĵȺ˵վҲִеĵڶƻˣ
ֹУҡҡͷε֪⼸Ӫ˵վǹһиٽ˵վв䱸ȼϵġ֪ΣǾЩط̫ԶˣȻеصĻزģ
⵹Ҳǡ
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322 ߺԴ
һֻͨɫ˵Ҳ߰˶صĿֲ
֮ǰֳûɥʬܱŸ׸ߵɥʬҲȫ֮Ტۡ𺳵ǣĻɫ崦ѿĴڣ뾶˵Ҳһ׳ڸڲͣ䶯ţȥһޱȶĵĸо
ѽ⵽ʲô
У̲סֹǰ־ᶨҲ̲סоС;
һֳ̣ıҲͬ͡
ȻǱֻͺŵˣĩձʱλشڸġԺϢֽһ¶
һֳʵĲϢҲԽԽࡣǻֺ֮ʣϢδֲֵ⣬Ѿ٣νĶҪһ֡ߣ
Ҳǰû֫ɽһĻɫ
ԭش˺һֳһ𺳵ϢԭǰֲֿĹзߣ֮ǰѾֵκɥʬͶͬԴɥʬеһǱ룬ֻеȻĽɥʬʱǱĻŻᷢȫµĹ
սɥʬ߱û̫ĹȴķǱĻݡࡢɥʬ̵ַܱ߾ͻڴ߽׵ɥʬ˵ǾԴԴϵĸ߽ɥʬÿһ죬ЩΧɥʬʵ͸ǿһ֣
ֻҪЩ߻ڣͲսʤɥʬ
һ㣬ֳֽʼ亱ĽɥʬҪϡٵķ˱ɱ
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Ϊֻߵʵֳ̽¶һը
ķܿĽɥʬӣըӦ˺ɾֳڴ濴ʱӵײķѳһ۵ϸӡһճĺɫʴҺ˳·иѹǹһ㡣
ӣըڰоͱǹҺȫû˺֣
Ҳ
ӱϵʿΧ۵ĿֲʦһȻûϵһﻹֶΡ
аֳг˻𹽣Ϊ˲صޣͬʱгӣըһȥǣͷϳ˸ĸʴҺڣֲһ侫׼ȳ󡣻𹽵ȷǾ춯أڰоͱը£Կӵ׵ķͬû˺
ȻǱֳĹѡƵģԭڿӵ׷ΧɥʬԼͬмͷɥʬϿӶҪϮˡ
飡
װӪʿǵһʱǹӵЩɥʬЧǳ״ֲʦҲгӣըҪɥʬ֮ǰըȥ
ֳһֹǵ
һڿֲʦЩ󣬵֡
ֳϾжǽˣϳ˴ʹâȻ󹽣һٽЩɥʬȫơ£⼸ֻɥʬͷ˿Լķɱ˹ȥ
ڷ˵Լ¹Żͷһءô룬ûκεķӦֻƾ⼸ֻɥʬ
𣡡
ֳĲٿ£⼸ֻó˳̵ߡǣ˴һǣƻְɥʬצߵǰȫ·һ㡣ǳǳĺۼų֣ܿʧΡ
һҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ɥʬδĶУɵˣͷοɥʬצ޹
ȻӳԾһĻں档
ȷǼֻʧغ󣬷ϵļڷſмƴֻͷģ⹳ӷ׵ķȣЩ⹳Ķȴ磬һ±㽫ЩɥʬϽҴŷɥɥʬô׵ıɵˣ
ƵĻֻҪСʱ߾ܴȫµɥʬпĽɥʬٶȵǳ
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ڿںں¡¡ĿˡΪĶΪʵĵȻҲν˷˸ʴҺŻᣬڶֲʦǽϵӣըֳʲôһȥ÷۵ŶŤ
˵Ҳѡôõط޶ȵķֳչ
ĹӣмֲʦЩͰԼĹ⡣ҲȡҪĳɹǾشֻߣ
ֳһǻ𹽣ֻͿֲľ޷߱սᡣӦģĴҲסıʼ½̮ΧĿֲʦǺʿ׷׺ˣмͨʿС˽ȥ

һʿСմֺɫĸʴҺľװͷɿڣ¶ֱҲʴˣʹĲҽУʿҲǾþɥʬ飬ϳذе˸ʴĲ֣űԼ
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ֻ꾧̺ĴˣֳһʯƬеĸо˵ƾصͣȻ˴˵ɥʬĺɫ꾧Դ
ӵеԴȪԴֵ
Դ̺ټ֮ǰСʯƬֳܵڶʱٶͻƣɹ˸߼εľ磡ջֳ⣬ûа


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ܵ⣬Ҳ»һٻһΣ漴ֳεֲͶ֡
һ൱õĹֲǿԳ䵱̶̨ܹͣͶͨӵˣҲмӵϸճԳǿħ͡Ǳħ͹ĵˣһʱڱεԭ޷˵һͿƵֲ
ֳѾãǻ֮ϵֲλͻвԤͶ֡
ȻֳֻҲ˵ҪһǣͶֳֺӡռֲ֮һ׼ũڣ
ΪֳΪڴֲ׼ũӵĿֲԶ̻ͺñһ̶ĵܹʱһö׼ũڵԴΧڵĵɻԵĴԸ𹽱⣬̺ɶλԶ𹽣
ΨһǣҪٻ׼ũڣҪͶΪ׼ٻһռֲ
⣬Ҫӡﹺ׼ũڵļ۸Ҳ쳣ֲ۸ߴһǧң
ʵֳԼõҵĵطҲԽԽࡣȡĻ꾧ҲӦӣɾȴǲáҪչһǧңҪһֽˡؼǣֳ׼ũڵٻơҪĽ׵Ŀƴʦٻ
Ҳ˵ûʦһκ󣬾ӵٻ׼ũڵҲò
ֳȵһˮ
ݵʧֳµ˵̬ѾǸ߼ֲʦˣֻҪŬΣͿŨҩˮͻƵʦľ硣ʱٻ׼ũڣҲֻǽǸʱʱƺһζѣ
ϲˣ
ֳĶѾԽԽԣŨĽɫâԶڼⶼޱҫۡУȻҲע⵽ˣֳ֪ʵ׺ϽٶһͨƨΪεֲֳ黹ǺܺõģԶУʱҲ˼Ц⣬еܳζ
һ죬ֳȴʦɶԺ˵վĴЩȼϺֳº͵װӪ˳˻ء
ĸ߲õϢĸſӭǡڼλеʾ£òĶ൱ŮֳǡͻֳѾʩ棬ָǮޱ£˵ᶯġ
ˣ
ص˾ҲԳһ顣
У֪Լֵʱžһ׳װӪֳͬ־ָӺȫָսԱŬ£Բ˳
˾ԶУ֡Щ㣬ܿעŵֳϡһͨУǿܵĺ߲ĵġһֳһ˶ͣ⻹һڴ㡣
Ȳжٵʵ棬ֳ̬Щ⡣
ֳСֵΪܹɽ˵վΣˣ
ԹӢ۳꣬Ȼһ㶼٣
ϣЩҲûǼֳŵƽʱҲԹԵĳԷ˵ˣں˵վߺ̲סڷϾ˳˵ߵص⣬ֳǿв㹻ʱ䣬ܴһȫ߽׵Ŀֲɥʬ
ֹص˾üһϢϾʶԼ˵ˣϽֲǺǣҲڻͬ־ĻֻˣȽʧ̬ˡ
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ֳȻΪС¾ûôСҼǵãУµƬģ˾ͷԿһ¡ҵ˼ǣֻҪպ󻦺طµķߣһҪһŬɱȻҲ֪ͨңҺĹ
һֻ߿ܾζһöԴȻ
Ȼǿ˷ߵвʱֳҲǿܵǿɫ£ܵĸǿֲ·ǰһڸ߲ȻܵĿԽǿ
⵱ȻֻһСֶΣһδؼЧɴˣۻЧͺˡοУۼʶ˿ֲʦС֤£ܵջǱŴˣ
ɣһͨ˶ܻܣɿԸɥʬԿĳ˰ڣԼһҴ߻صĸ߲㣬Ϊʲôûӵأ
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ֳ׼ݳɽʱ򣬲ı˲ע͵͵ﵽĳϡ
ʲô𣿡ֳһۣԼµ⡣
ıǻЩԥֳЦЦı飬¶ģֳҾһ£βܻܣ
Ļֳд󶨣ȷ˶Էֳռ˾ԵŲæĵҪܣȻҪˣֻҪӣȻͻΪֲʦȻɱɥʬû꾧Բܣ
ıֳ֪ڹͿԴ촰˵ֳ֪ΪʲôģӺ֪ģͷҲԣһöӦûǰõģʵ˵ҲΪֲʦôҪΪ˸ʲô
ֳ룬ΪֲʦѣһҪ֪ǣҼȻԸӣȻҲȡһȡ󣬲˰ʲôز󶼻ᱻ׵ĴԭΣԣǰһҪ
ʲô
ֳĻòıһȻζʲôڻܵͬʱҲһԼϵĻȻû⣬һֳ⣬ܾͺñˮʱʧ
һһǱҪҳϣ׸ѡһأ
ıûԥ̫ãܿΪ֮ǰڻģֻܸλûһתͶֳ£޷ǾĵĸıһЧҶ󣬶ڲı˵ν£
ԺҾΨֳǴӡԸ£Ҷȥˡıı̬
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һӻᾡתɿֲʦսͷܻһöӦ£ڲı̬Ҳˬóӡܿ죬ıֳָӡܵڵʱ̲סпһֳ˵ܹȡӵ¶ٻһЩǡȻܴĽĵףûб¶һ˿һ
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ڲıջ£һӣ½мʵȨɵĽ͵͵ֳϵܡȻЩ˿ɲȫʵΪսģ˾ͱƭܺ󲻳֮ǰ׵̬ȡԴˣֳҲǺȡ˶ԷܣʵòıǱһѡ
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324 һ֧װ׳
ʮʮţ
ŵĩ֮ǰʱӦˬĺӡĩһʹü϶̬ʧ⣬ҲԽȶ֮ǰһѾ죬ɽ¶ȴͻȻ˽ӽʮ˶ȵĵز
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׿ʵĩӲûʲôֳֻͬȻԼٹһܾʮˣҲǵڶ꣬ЩпܿЩõ̫ɽȥ
ɽ˵վ֮Ѿˣ˴һ˵ĴС⣬ǸʩһۿҲϢĲˣٴ뵺ȥɥʬ
ߵĳָܴѹϾеһֻͻиࡣ˭Ҳ֪ĸܾͲŷߣһű֣ΧɥʬʵܻﵽһޱȿֲĵزΪ㹻ʵԸǣҲΪ˱ԼΧѣֳòԼȥŬ
ԣĩѾ֪йٴΡ
ԸաǮҲһһǳƴǵʵҲѾм߶εĳ̶ȡҲ˵ٸǼµʱ䣬߼ֲʦпܵġֳԴ˵ȻοҲ׵ı׷ϡԣҲҪΪ˵Ľ׵Ŀƴʦܶ
ӳ
ֳ̫ɽŶϿڴѲߵ˸ϽʺáɽϵפҲһšƽѲߵսԱ˼ɥʬ⣬շŵŵ
Ӧģ󲿷ֿĳҲķ˸
Ϊֳ̫࣬⼸Ҳֻǿ죬вֻ֡΢Цͷʾ⣬ڹżݳ뿪˵졣
ȥĶأ
˴źֳЩԥԴϴĽƿ߽ر󣬸ɥʬ˺ܶࡣټսӴĿֲʦСĴɱҵɥʬѾԽԽ١룬ϵķ򿪣Զ뻦أ˵ɥʬҪһЩ
򵥵ȷģȥʮ๫һȺģǧֻҵɥʬȺ
ڵֳôɥʬȫͲˡֻɥʬѹҲֳԶ˵ѡֻȻһȻ򵥼ӣըһճЩɥʬϡϡֻʣ¼ֻˡ
򵥴ɨһս꾧ʰȡСǽ
һƬ֮ǰ¹Եʣһι·ˡֳ³鿴һȦüǿȥǺˣҲҪ·˫סĵ̣һһУͰǱɵĺܣ·ֻǸģһ㣬
һĻǷŵĩ֮ǰŵ˵°͡ɶڸ߼εĿֲʦ˵Ĳʲô
գ
հʱԶ޵ĻǹֳΪԼǻˣŶԷĽӽǹͱըҲԽԽ
ڽӽ
ѵ뷵ػصҴ߶
ֳ룬ҲôһܡۿŶԷӦɥʬĹҲˣһ˳˹ȥô˵ΣյܾͬȵĻҪһ£
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˿̣ǱһȺʮֻɥʬΧ
͵ʽװ׳ӦǲٶȺ֧Ԯػޡң֪Ϊʲôװ׳ϵֻػǹ֡ϵĻ϶ģΣʱſϼڣǵķԵ൱
ѵǻڴˣ
²ţֳٳȥ
ԷȥӦǻˣǵԼĿǰĹϵҶǵĻҲĳЩ뷨ڹ˽Ҫ¡
ͬһʱ̵װ׳ڡ
һ·ãȺ˺üɥʬΧֻװ׳þ˽еػòײߵڡۿžĿ겻ԶˣǸɿ˭֪˴ɥʬٶ˦˴󲿷ɥʬʮͷɥʬ׷¾סǣ
ٽߺųѾ֧Ųסˣ
泵30MMȫ⣬ػǹӵҲʣˣ
ųɥʬƷ֧Ԯ
һϢָӳĳλеٽԽľȻʱ֧һᣬֻҪһ٣ǽӶѸٱңôǰŴŵĵطɥʬΧͲбĳ·ԮɢҲᱻɥʬһ׷ϸɵ
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ٽڳʱ򣬾Ѿ˱ľġǣϻŸҪʹˣҲϢȥȻģҲûаֵ
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ûʹľ˵װ׳ӵƵͻȻһţƵľ̾Ͳ˷
쿴ǸɫӰ
ҵ찡ɥʬ˲ˣôܣ
ÿ죡ٶȾԱɥʬҪ죡
Щ棬ߺųʿǵᱻɥʬצ׻һӣҴ߽øְסȱڣ˵˶ѾˡˣҲ֧Ų˶ãһɥʬ׹ʱֳʱʱִѸٳ֣
װ˻׮ĻǹֶɥʬԴϣױ㱬Դ
Ȼ󹽡
ֻɥʬһʱɿܣʼʣɥʬɢĹ⻷Լͬı˱͸׺͹۲촰״̬ʿȫɵۣôҲףΪʲôЩɥʬúõͻȻͱ˱
ŨŨɻ޷ֹǷ
˭ΪĵزбȣҲἤʧ̬ģΧοȥʵЩħá
ʣٽװ׳ӵָӳʼҪûɵɥʬһתۺǾȻ֣еɥʬѾˡֻʣֻȥΪЩŹֵɥʬͣԭأҲķ·ܣ
ʲô
ٽ˾ֿڣղʱûʧ̬³ĳ˳еľӣȻ󲻹Ӳ¶ͷϵĺǸӵ˻ǹôô׵ľ͸ɵʮֻɥʬ˵һˣ
Ҳ֪
ָӳĳҲɲĿǸƵӡɵʮֻɥʬ˵·ֻǰʮֻϣȫѴ֮
ֲļһǶԼҲͻȻ֣Ǻֱ룡
ֳȴ֪װ׳ʿǶļɵһܣȷû©ɥʬǰһصֵǣɥʬѾȫ𣬿ˡ


325 ʡظ漱
ֳĻװ׳ϵ΢ЩɧҲ԰
֮ǰֳֳı̬ʵòǱʶֳҲĳֱ̬ιۿ˵ƺָص˹ϵӦˡǣôܿɥʬأ
Щìܵ뷨һЩʿ½ƿš
ֳֻЩһǻصľˣӦ֪ܵ£Ҳûʲôָɵֻܺǰʿѷװ׳˻
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ã֧ӵĸлղŶǵԮһʮĹٴӳܿĳֳ֡ϴżָмһЩнͼɵֻصıȽϺá

ֳɨһۣĿٽͣһ¡
Щĸ߲νƺûôһصٽңɻǣٽľ˶ʶԼҪ֪ԴӰظɵĽƿߺĴͻؾʹüˡͨҴ߻в֪ģΪˣӦҲ˵Ŷԣ
ֳֹ֣ǸѺõ֡
ٽƺ΢˿ΧʿıȻһƣȻʵðһǣʲôϵ
ֳԽĴ̵Ļشֳǻ鳤
ڴǻרŸֳһšȻûм뻦뷨££ԭЩ߲Ǿ͸ְֳơȨ޵Ļ鳤ԸһᲢۣ
ٽû˵ڴӦĩһԵҲû׷ʡϾĩصȨ޴˽Ļֻǳһᣬʵ£صĽΣǰ·ϵɥʬ಻ࣿ
仰ֳȷݡ
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ֳһ²ǵĿģһߵص԰ɣǰӴĽɥʬ߰ɥʬΧֻкһˣʣµļȫߡ
ϵĴʯͷʱж׷ʵֻĽɥʬأ
ֳĵֻƿ߾ǱɱģϻǺӦ˹ȥĽƿҲɵˡ
̫ˣе㼤һȭǻأϷһĻعȻǰ׽еġĻʿҲ˿¶Цݡ
ֳ˼ʵôǴģǰҪʲô
һ㶣еεĵôԸʡϲءǰصĿģû߲ǰ
νľ»ܣ
ֳԴ֮ԱǣڸĹϵҪľ»ȫ⡣ٽ˵ҲʲôֻǵɣǸɡ
ɱɥʬҲôһ죬ֳȰЩһ͵˵
ֳΪǱݻ˼ٽɴϲȻֳʵжǿղɰǸɵʮֻɥʬȴüٵġԣֳƵһڴӦ
ص֮ǰͣĵطȡ˳ֳװ׳һԶ·˻һ·ȻҲɥʬϮǣȴûжֻɥʬŵ޾յĻ˰һ𽥿˻صΧȦ
ͣ飡
ѲߵСӳļǵû˹ģװ׳ȥԺɻϾͿװ׳Աߵֳ
Ŷ鳤û뵽ܽӽҵż񣡡
λ˵еĳ𣿡
鳤ĿֲʦС黹ȴвУǿ׳
ѲߵСӳôһСӵʿˢһΧԱ֧ԮϵҲ̲סͳֱʣҪǩ˼ϲصľЩΣЩ棬ǰӵʲôȻôܻӭ
ֳҲеɻ󣬲ϸһˡ
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ĩôãҶľʵǺҪһӢһʿᶨǶԿɥʬȡʤ£߲ŬһżɵӢۣȴ޴֡Ͼɱɥʬʹȫһ¡ֳĺճָıһУĳǿʵֱӻɱĽƿߡʵʵսûĸ߲ǵһʱѡĿ꣡
ǵƲ£ʿǶ֪ܹɵĽɥʬĳǿߣĿֲʦ£
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˭ܹԼؽĴӢ۽Ӵһأ
һӦǵֳŴ֧ӽءϣѲߵʿֻԲ鿴һ򵥼¼һ¾ͷˡȻصĹƫɳҲйϵǷŵλ¸ʱİأ˭ҪȶĻع°£
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ֱֳ½ҵ˻ص˾
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ֳҲԼӽ˱ˮȻǴȥɥʬģֻǰ·ϾһȺˡǣ˵㣬Ǿ˳Ǵˣ
˾һ㶣ʶЩ˵ݿܲ򵥣ȻֳԹһˡ˵ͷ˭ʲô£
ֳʼ磬ԳԸʡϲأһ֧װ׳ӣΪ׵ƺһٽԭ˵
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˾ʺ·ϤˣһЦȥҲʶ΢Щɻ
Աߵһеʲôȷĵĩ֮ǰҵ˵һȴǸУλинӣ֪ǲһˡ
ôһ˵˾ƺҲ˵ӡ룬Ӧþˡ
˾ƺ˵ʲôȴµ˴ˣ棬λϲصٽ˵нҪ顣
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ĪԼӺλٽȻӴ粽˽۾һɨֳǾȡΣֱ˾ǰεĵ뿴ϲʮҴߵķϣҪԮ֣


326 ϲĻ
Լµٽ⣬ڵʱֳ̲סһ
ʡϲҲ쳯ʮʡ֮һȻ̫ǿҲԲʱİʡҲٲ֮䡣ʮҴߣΪ˸ʡҴ߻ءɾһʡأȻҲ֧ŲסҪԮ
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á
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Ļļٶȳһ
Ҫ֪ԮǺϲǰߣΪɥʬĽ̫ңһʱ֧ŲסҪԮҪȷԼĶԣ¡ϲѾɽˮĵزǵĸ߲Ȼǲôģ
˾ȻҲʶ㣬üͷӶһ̣һ˼ڣʵϲصѾӵǵĵز𣿡
ʱʵѾûʲô˼
Ҳûʲô̾˿ϸİϲصһ飺ϲصʱѡַʱǷˣʱֻΪܿɥʬֻ˸ط⣬صķҲȻ½ǿˣվǸ̫ǳټɥʬԴԴϵĽʱѾǵ½ǧ˶ˣ
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˵ͷֻҲˣǻʿиԤӡΪӦɥʬһֱĽӵסڵȶʣ޼ĽɥʬûļǻزѸɱԮϲر׹ƾ⼸ˣ
˾һᣬĵܳʲôǶȣþԮǿ϶Ậӻϲز·Ļ˵Ҳа˾Űٹ·⣬һ·ɥʬҲǸвãǸɶ˹ȥ
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еʧһţŬȡһ¡ɻ˾̬Ҳ㹻ֻˡ
ҪףǵͻΧȻҴߵִﻦ򲿶ӣԱ֤ЩҴһ·ϵİȫˡҵǹȥ˵ģǧȥʡɥʬģ˾ֱԼĹ۵㣬粽á
ðɣ򡣡
֪ǻĵߣֻܵͷӦ
ȷ˳ԼǨ˺󣬽ǾϸˡֳûǸǷ⡢Ķǣ˻ԼеĩܿһûһĿ༸Сʱǲ̸еݡ
Ծ׷ʱоƣȥϢˡ˾Է˽ﱸΪڶĳ׼
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̸нֳǴīζܿʵ
˾ЦһϲصǰϼһĲԼסɥʬˣǳĲ뻦Ҳˣƫƫ뱣סԼȨϲʲô壿ǵǶϷ𣿡
ǽأ
ǽһʹãԭеľӱ࣡ҲֻȨ֮ơ뻦㹻ʱڳʰǣˣҵϲصֻĽɥʬ㿴˾ֻĽɥʬΪȶأֲֳ֮¼ĹϵҲֳֻ
ֳûӦĥһŵһйȥĽɥʬҾͰæɵ֮ϲصʮҴǨƣҾͲˣӦûǰ
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˾һڴӦֻҪûĽɥʬв򲿶ϲصľӵҲһ·ϵɥʬ
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ڶ糿ֳʮмֲʦһ̤ǰϲص·
˵ܴˣƵʿͨ£ͨɥʬȻ˶Ҳδŵó
ϽԶ̻Ȼáǣĩô¶첻֪жٴɥʬƻ𳵸ˡԣɳеʦԾΪſ˴߰ΪǻͷϲҴߣǷֵһЩϵѹ
죬ֳ൱ɡ
ڻص̹˿·£󲿷ֻҪžСֻɥʬΧֳŻɱɥʬҪ֪ͨʿɱɥʬɲ꾧ֳҲǱŲ˷ѵԭɱһһ
ĽɥʬǵǺ˵û
ȻȻĽɥʬѾ֣׽Ľ׵ĸʱͺܵͣҪһ𲽽Ḷ́ԵǰѾֵĽɥʬࡣܼﶼδһֳֻȻᴩ˰˰ٹҲֻһֻȼߵסĽʳֻһľ룬ΪһţԱֳ׵ĸɵˣ
Ȼ꾧ʵҲĽɥʬ˺öࡣ
ɵһȺģҵɥʬ󣬻ʦϲصΧ
öɥʬ
ֳڵڶʿسǽɥʬȫһȻȲǴΣ˵Ҳ֮ࡣɥʬǵĽӦóһʱˣǽ·洦Կѻ߸ߵʬ塣ȺɥʬѾ½嵽ǽϣʼصʿⲫ
ûڵѹƣû㹻ػϲصսޱȼѺͲҡسǽϵʿֱȴʤϣ
ǻһʧأ˶ҪЩʿȫó˱־ϲͱˡ
ƱȻԤƻҪӵĶ࣡
ָӻʦһнǻ˾ĵĸۿϲΣֻԥһ£ͶսĽɥʬٵʱɥʬвнɲκε֣


327 ϲ
ϲصĳǽϡ
԰ټƵɥʬʿǰͺ̵ɱ±ɵʺѪҺɥʬһأóͷϵ˱;ûţ»סأ
Ȼ˺ԸЩɥʬƴˣ
ھ˻ߵź£󲿷ʿǾǵıְϾϲѾΧǾͻΧ첻Ψһľɥʬᡣɾһɥʬˮӿʱ򣬶ǽͻȻıը
125MMĻڣ
ľٱ۾һ׵ķֱⱬըԴھĻڣϲҲв٣̹˵ΪǣϲصڵʹôǰܼıըڽлǺ죬Ǵģ
ɻУǺȻĻͺɱ
Ԯˣ
ǻص̹ͻȺоˣ
챣ӣ
һĻԶѸϲصǽͷϴ˿Ϣ˲óǽϾʿʿ˲䱩ǵһĵزЩҡķ±ù
֧˲صĲӣһ̱Ͷ־
еˣʿǾ٣һסһǾܻܻԮʿҲֻʦѾһֻſԨʶĺ⣬ֻ˹ԮԼȻӭ˻صԮ
˼ҿϷĹٷҴ߻أ
ͷʹ£ʿսԽƴˡǶǽϵؾǴ˼Ѫһ㣬ϳǽͻɥʬȺ̹ȺʼԻеʦûʧǿĻһ죬ɥʬǵĹһѹȻصľ𹩸ҲһΣյıԵձ󣬴һ¼йʦûģ
ʱ䣬ԶĻʿǲƣʼǹأҾܵĴ׹¡
գ
䣡
һıըػǹ֯һɥʬǵĺڸˡһЩ׼ͷɥʬҲͷʿس˹ɥʬǱϾռžԵƣ󣬺ܿķߴѹ
ʱ򣬿ֲʦǵı־Ҫˣ
ϵϾ˵ֳһЩֲʦڣټʮмֲʦҲ
ֳʵһ˺ɨЩɥʬȴܹվһϣ䵱һȹʯֵɥʬǵĳĻʿȻѹֳһǽɥʬܵı²ֵͣķԼĻ
ֳǳһǿĻ̨
ߣʮȻ̬Ļǹ֣ԼǲͣʹӣըͶ֡һжֻɥʬñסǡܿ죬ֳ߾ͳֲ̬ĺ
԰ټƵɥʬ˲ͱȻܶʼ
̶̼ӵĹǰͳǧɥʬ֫飬ϵĸɫ꾧ǵһƬ
ȻɥʬԴԴϵĳӿвﲻݵļƣ
˵ֳǵһ쾡µķԼĻάڶļǽɥʬԼֲ⣬ֳȵҲѸ½Դӽ߽׿ֲʦ硢ڵĹͨǵһγ֣
Ҫҵǣ̫㹻ã
һտֳٻ˳ת׼Щտٻӵ˫ָٶȵ˫տЩ˫տٶȻصĲʽֳڣһֲ̲ͣģ
ڶʮ˫տӳ£ֳڵ֧ս
ʮӹȥˡ
ֳǰʮ׵ĵطɥʬʬ壡
Сʱȥˡ
ƵɥʬѻСɽһս硣ֳòðտû𹽳ƽɥʬɽʿǹܶˣòʱͣȴȴֳԾһ㣬øֲ
ʮֻɥʬҲ޷˺벽
һսϴһЦΪɽ죬ֳŻϲصʿһĻ漣ȻһˣҲɥʬĳ
˵տʼǶֳǳݺĽĻԿһˣ
ʵڷٻôֲֳҲǱٵ˼ޡ
ٻֲ⣬ҲһĸָֻСƽʱоˡڽսôúۻѹֳҧֱǽɥʬŻһȫµĻǹ֣ȻϢ
ϲصĳǽϣѾɵ۵ʿΪֳ
صʿҲ£߹ĵطʿǷ׷ÿ·־ηдһ˿ԶֳȻָߴʤĸоƺദ˼ζʵıǿҲԽԡ˵ЩͨҴߣǮҲܵӰ졣û취ǳԽ˴ıȻ֢˭޷⡣
ڣʩһܣֳ㹻ο
ͬһʱ䣬ĿֲʦҲΪ˻꾧ܶšǵıֲֳôۣмֲʦʵԾӱڻҵսˮڻʿЭ£Ǵⳡսջ񲻷ƵĻ꾧һ⣡
ֳϢ˴СʱҲò»صսʼɨЩ꾧
ͨ˴꾧ǻʧģֻпֲʦܽӴǡΪ˲ԼղŵսȫգֳҲֻܶɥʬĽڶĵĸʰ꾧
һ̣⻳ֻûֲֵסʯ
⣬л꾧ᱻʯشͲֳٷķȥɨˡܼ꾧ջϲûֳϹЦݡ
ǽµս˿Сʱ𽥿ʼĻ
սõʿϢ漴Ͷ˶ΧɥʬսСһΣֳûٲμսҪúϢܴ֮ǰķսг׻ָ˶ǽµɥʬɥʬѾɣϲصѹڻʿǵĽ£֮ǰս
еĽɥʬû֣˶˿
ΪصĴŶɥʬ׶סһʱҲԣֳͻԮǲòʱ¶ӪһҹȵڶʱҹҵϲŴֳͨǵפϲأ
Ϊ˱ʾмӣϲصľ˾и߲ȫӭӣӪһ¡ػӭơֻǣǵɫôãвƼݵˡ߲ĴôѣڻЩͨҴߣҲ֪ʲôˡ
нȻԸϲ˵ЩûӪĻԣܿϲ˾Ļӭǡٿ飬ۻǨơϲˣ


328 ǰ
н˻ӭǺϲصĸ߲ԵЩΡ
ȻǾԼǶнֱԹ϶һЦݡˣԼһǽӽɽˮĵزʲôѹ
λɣϲصʮҴ߿Դأ
˵ţϲصλͺ˾ǰ·˻شš
ʱһЩȶõҴж˹ǴżľͲȻվڵ·ԣһЩæƳС죬ȥɫЩƾɡڼ˵Ĵͷ£ЩҵĽ˻ӭ·ǿսʱӭӺͨϰա
ʲô
н۾еɨһȦʱЩеӭ˶ͣ
нƺܲϲص˾ͺͺԴһ߸һֺõĽ͵ֻıһ»ӭ˼ұ֤ǶԷġ
𣿡нһѵʲôסˣֻǵʲôʱˣͱٸ⣬ɢ˰ɡ
ϲĸ߲ɴ⣬ϽЩȥɫȥɢˡ
нֳϲ߲ͬ¼򵥵ĳ˶ٷʽڻصʱ˾̸С֮ǰٽѾϸڸ̸߲ˣЩվҪȷһ£ٲһЩּۻۣ
Щ飬ֳ̫ġ
˲ʮ㱶ģ˸˳
ֳҪһ˳ȥй䣬ѵõ߲㶣ϲʿС׷ֳ⣬ǻǿһ»ĲƽԼǿ֣ϲصĹͣģֻҪǻڣ;Բκ˺
ֳ㶣ĵһҪǵı𣿲һСʿĺ⣬ֳҲܾǱȥˡ
ǴϲһȦǵԼĹ棬˵ʲôͷ鷳Ȼֳ϶£Ҳ֦ڡôʿͬžû˸ҵˡ
ôĿĵ˼ֳ֣еĸܵƵΣ
ֵϻãϲؾά֣ϻܴպſʱפһգͿԿɹ̫Ǹɴ˵ûˣֱһӡЩ·˱ֵ΢õ㣬Ҳľȫǹһһ죡
δôڶϦأ˭ȥδ
ԽߣֳԽء
ôأֳΪõĻҪء½ƽͻȻĲȱݣôҲЩϲأȻǴ죬ǴƬƼݵˣֳ͸оһ˿˿
ϲصĸ߲Ȼϵû취ˣű򻦺Ԯ
ֳǰѾ½ǧˡôȥ˾Ҫˣ
λˣڳԵİɡǣ㣬ǽ档
ǿֳͨϲҴ߽ȻͬʺͺŵĳǹʿһЩ뷨ŮӲɷ׷׶ġһԽø·ߵ˳ԼĳĩǰӦöǺɫŮӡֻڣָôáûӪûױϴ趼Щݳ޵Ůӻжò
ֻ˵ȥ
ǻģʲôԡֳûбʾŮӲЩ
ܰǰλţƵ꣬Ϳˡ
ԴˣֳԾûбʾһǰ˸ֳĽûű߿ź˯ֳ϶ΪԷԴˡڣֻε̾˿û컵˼
𿪣𿪣
ʿҲʶȤֳûŵȥŮƿȻҲǵһʲôҲû˵ֻеʧ˿ˡ
ֳѾûмȥ˼
˻תߣ˳ԱߵһʿʵҴ߶ˣΪʲôðʳأȻɥʬҧҲĶǿɣ
ѾǵһμʿҲЩпֳĻεɥʬǰв˸ҳȥġڣɥʬ̫ˣȥһ˵ЩҲϰ˻ÿһٵʳܳżǼˡ
ϲľأֳʵ
ʿʼ磬йжʱĴۣȷɱϲսʳ⡣ϧ򿪴һʳĳЩ˵ˡֻбһװĳʣµҪôɳ֮ģҪôɴͿյʲôûС
û취ˡ
ûʳȥðԡҲûУǾֻܰˡָȻѵѡ񣬿ɿϲӣֵɥʬĽָȻҲֻһջϾϷĻҲֽͣأ
˵ڳ֮ǰֳʿЦ˵ȥϲءʱֳٻЩΪȻڿ˵Ȼһ㲻١ϲʮҴ˵뻦õ³˰ɡ
һйֳЩͬʱҲԽоԼεش󡣼ȻӦΪɥʬһ㹱ףϣٿôҴһΪ˻Ŷţ
ԲӦӣ
һ룬ֳϲṩĸ߱Ϣ߳ȥɱһεɥʬڼ䣬ϲصľҲӲʿֳֳ֪ı̬ʵǱŽŽɵ̬ǰҵֳͼ£һ˳ҲһܵϾʿ͵ͼٵʮֱ̬ģ
ֳϲصʧŶĸ߲ҲûʲôøСԣֻӦ˼䡣ϲصľֳֻʵǱͲܶԿôɥʬڸӼᶨֳ飬ŶҲͲˡ
Դˣֳνֵ徲ȻԷ
ĵ죬ϲؾ׶Աڿʼִгƻ֪ԼһҪȫǨغеҴ߶ڿഫ֮£ϷĻٲȻѾҴߵãȰȫзԣǵҲ˼
ΪûеĽɥʬ֣ǨƼƻҲʵʩֳԼѾɣǾǰ뿪ϾǨƱ𰲶ǨƽҪѵĶ࣬Ҫǰ׼Ҳࡢʱԣен˸к󣬱һ֧Сͳǰ˻
Щ˼лǰˣҲϲɹȥϵģøֳһͬС
Ҫһ֧Ӱɣе㲻հ
ϲɳĴĿ˿⼸ͲսֻСͳӿϲغѰȺ׷ı顣Ȼд˵ʵ̬ĳˣλ￴޷ҲһЩرõֱˡϾĩҲǶǿиѱ̬ҲʲôǣЩѵܸĽɥʬԿ


329 ǮޱĲ
ģġ
ǰϲؿĻһνֳ֪ʵҲ֪ϼֲʦı£̤ʵĺܡ
ǰϲɲô롣
ٽ֧ϵĿֲɥʬɿˣװ׳ĸְ嶼ܱ򴩣֪ɥʬвжˣܲ⻦˵ĵûʮ̹Уͱˡ
·ϿǧҪɥʬ
ϲشһĽڲͷˣʲô·ЩɥʬôǳгĽɥʬ˶ɱ󣡡
仰ʱõһ˵ͬ
ǾʹɣɥʬôѶԸĽףλĩǰͳĴȻô˽£ɥʬҲֻͣͨ˵ĳ̶ϡɥʬ֮ľ㹻ֲˡ
Ųţ
ƵĶһʡıƻ顣
Ȼо仰ʲôƫʲôϲصĴ߶˰죬ȻļʶĽɥʬʵ
ǳӿϲʮ๫ֳڵװ׳ͻȻ˵⡣ʿļ󣬷ֻҪ΢άһ¾ܼǰԣȫͣȴʿޡ
ʮӾ޺ã
˺רҵȫԽܵʱ䡣
϶ֳ³ɾڲûӣĸ֪ͺȻһֱʲôϵĸо
ָоᵽһΣգ
ӽ߽׿ֲʦĴĺ٣ֻȼΡԣֳڻܺ󣬽ĿԱߵһС
ҶСģĽɥʬû
ֳͷҲصĳѣͬʱϵת󡣿ҫ۵Ľɫâ޳ʿӦѸٷسСĿʼ䣡ܶս򽫻ĳΧһȦеĿֲʦҲּǽ
ֳڣǵĵһҪԱֳĽɥʬֺǲŻῼǰæҲ֮ǰµĶԸĽɥʬĲԣ
ʱһһţҲԽѹ
ֳʼûж屣żߵľ衣ѾԽȷǵֻɥʬĽסҲֻּĿֲܸΣյĸо
ৣ
һȵķ紵Ҷڶһ¡ֳֻǰƺиһԥһ㣬ķʽƳסֻѪɫɥʬȻûϵʣһ˿ˣ
ʳߣ
ʶٶȣֳϾͽгݡңٶϿֻĽʳɽӦмˣȥöԸȻֹ鼬ֳ֣ķǺġ˱ͱ˪㶹⣬ֳҲʶλֻĽɥʬ뿪ӣԷû𹽡
һδкĽʳһװ׳ϣٶȳֳ
ʱѡĺܺãֳһǣֳƮˣͬҲ˻աĽַڻʯ֮䣬ԴһĨӰ
һɫһɫ
ֱʱװ׳սʿǲʶʳѾˣ
ÿٶȣ
ͷһμĽɥʬ̲סŴͣǵѾٶȣӿһӰĸͬʱҲ𾪵Ŀֳ֮ԣһҲ·磡
ǿĿֲʦ
Ľһʮĳ̾һֳ߰ȲʡвֹһλɱĽɥʬսڣ϶ֳҲܻͬʤ
֮£ϲλûôˡһ뿴ֲҿӣ±Ľɥʬֳʵŵһ̣ʮֺԼôвί֪Ӧƴˣ
ֳҲȷûûʧĽʳһξʼΧٻͶ֡ͬɫֲ￪ʼͶӵʱŽħ͡Ľʳٶ֣ܼʱ㿪Щ䵽ȴʧǼһʱ䡣ܿģֳֻʳֵ߽ĵطۻ˴̲Ļͣ
һ
ѾʶⶫʳһŤѸĹ⻷Ǳˣһջûܶ㿪ϵħͣʵʵĲȵ档
𣡡
оģĽʳغžӿϧħ͵ЧǷѲ͸ֳ㹻Ļᣡ
һ룬Ǳӻ𹽵
ųĢƣĽʳ߲ıشιʳߵٶȾͲòԽķ񣬿ֳ볹ֻʣһˣ
ĽƻߣʳߵٶȻ죬ֻҪֳץᣬȴ׸ɵ
ǲľôҵĽʳ߷˲ɺڵͷʼܡѾزֳﻹ᣿һ·β׷ȥո
ֳһʣ
ֳȻأϲصĴʶǰܹԻɱɥʬţʵˣݲɡڣŻζ֮ǰǵġ
ɵֻʿǺܿ޺ó̤Ϲ;
ԭ·أ֮ǰ;ɥʬ½˳ڲûĽɥʬֳҲ޾յĻص˻
ӭ
˾ĿһͬʱԷһ֧ðսϯһֿ⣬˲ٺöˣǻصĹҲ׼ӭϲͬݳŮ٣ú͸ٵĴʦ̨ءǽݣҪҪһȥ
Ҳá
˵ʳݳֳֻһ£ȥһ졣
ȻҲȫΪԼڶȥʱĳϳ˲ٴӻ˳ߵĶ⣬һ˹̹ĸ١
Ͽʱ뵽ġ
ǵ֮ǰӰ˳ǨƵ̫ʱǮޱڵϵǼܸΪ㡢ٶԭءʱǮޱЩãΪ˰οֳʱ˳ŵ˵̫غǮޱ취Ų̄١ΪæֳһȰˣǮޱҲûᣬֱݵʱ¼
ԼصĹϵֳҲûֱӿڱʾҪһ̨١
ѵ㻹ᵯ˾Щȡ
ֳЦЦңǸһѡ
˾һ㶣漴ŵŲζʵӦŮѰɣǺġ϶ǮޱԱ𣬲汻µˡ
ֳûϣҲûϣĬˡ
˾¶һ˶Цݣһӣܿ͸ֳôһ̨˹̹Ķ١ĩձʱҴߴӻĴ󸻺Ūģ۰Ԫ𣡱ڰ˳̨٣̨˹̹ɫҪһ
ŵĩ֮ǰֳʮ겻Բôһ̨Ǯ
̨٣ֳǺģǮޱݳĲ


330 
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Ϊûʲô£صĸ߲󶼳ȥɱɥʬȥˡػصֻʣ˻ƿڣȻʩҲڵϵ
һΪزأ
ֳȻʩһ£Żϲտ֡
ܵףֳһ㶣Լա֮ǰ̾Ԯϲʱɺһ·ϵˡԼǰǶˣȻվҪһ˹ˡ

˵ţóһװʿеֱ͸
ֳָߵֱûʲôоľºǶϸϸʯҲ֪ļֵơʵ˵ֳôϰߴֱֻʱ䣬ΪʩԼǸ˵ĵһʱˡ
ͦÿġ
ʩִһ£ĵ˵ͷ
ʩԼҪˣֳҲЦЦлҺϲлл㡣
ǵĹϵõ˵л𣿡ʩЦݴһֱֻһϻһŶ
ŶֳüͷҲǷԼ
Ǳˣʩɰĺһ£ߵͲװûµȻ¶һϲı𣿡
ֳʼ磬ðɣҵĴ
νСʤ»飬˺һᣬŰֳһָӱжһ߸ʩ򵥽ǰϲصļšʩͦȤģ۾ʱǼܱС̧˹̹ĺ棺̨ǴŪģ
ֳҲû룬˳˵֮ǰӦǮޱŲ̄٣ڻؿˣ˳˹
ֳֻһ˵ȴʩһ⣺ȻƯŮܻӭãǵûҵķݡ
е£
ֳϽϣǵʱǨŵĲôĻ͸ŪˣᵽڲôЩӻŪĶʲô߾ͺá
Ҿһ˵ЦôŽʲôʩЦЦգ۾ĽͻеķϣҾ͵֪ˡңҪչǵģ
Ļֳ΢΢һ¡
˵ǮޱҲûʲôϵʩôһ˵ʲôƵġ
ò׺ʩ濪ģֳָ˰Ѹ̧Ǯޱķ䡣ϾݲˣҪ˼˵һ¡
𣿡
ǮޱķűţֳǰãȴûʲôӦеʧ˰Ѹٷ¡׼ʱͻȻ˻ش𣺡ˣԵһ¡
ĪԼӺһ΢ĽŲǮޱſͣһ¡ƺȷŴš
硭á
ֳкһ̧ͷȴȵĿֻһɫԡ۵Ǯޱ˯ϴɣǮޱϴżʪķ˿Ͱ۵ļϻˮΡԡյģʲôҲû͸ԼԿ˵Ĵ⡣
ݾ˵ֳ̬һʧ
ǮޱЩνڿǰͿֳˡǻˣҲôͳֳԼʧ̬Ǯޱ˵ɬ⣬˼ְϲ
ôÿɡ
ǮޱôһкֳŷӦ΢΢һ죬漴ָ糣ٸ߽
ǣ
ֳĶǮޱע⵽ܸ١
ֳЦЦ֮ǰǴӦһܸٵôΪæˡӻػ˼ܺõġô԰ɡ
ǮޱʱѾ˹̹ӣЩϲָںڰ׷ټɵĻһǶɫǮޱǳ⣬¶һĨЦݣ֮ǰûһΪءû뵽ԣһ־ŪôһĶʵ˵Һϲôлأ
Ǯޱͷǳһ˿ȻȻټڵԡۣһЦʱظ֣˿Ų۾
ֳȻûôҲ濴ֻ΢΢ƫͷлʲôľͲˣǵʱӦģ϶ʧ԰
𣿡
Ǯޱƺ쵽ֳĶ֪ܿһЩÿĶԼȴܡڶݵĳĬȻ뵽ʲôֳҼǵýհɣûףտأ
ô֪ģ
ֳЩȣʩǵӲ֣ûǮޱ˵
ǮޱһЦһθ죬ģþͼˡղһĻ᲻ǴأıӦûˡҵû׼ʲôҪʧˡ
ԭˡֳȻ
úӼǰͿʼصģӦǸ׼ɣ֪ʲôǮޱ԰һ£ʵѾע⵽ֳ϶ǿոµֱֻǻûȷˡ

ֳһ£ҲûҪڡ
Ǯޱ˰죬΢΢ͷܺÿأΪ˼ˡҲҺΪѰе㲻˼ָҴһܸ١ûʲô͸Ļܾȥ
ƺķɣǮޱǰ㣬ѩ׵ĴҲʶĽһǹ޵ֳٶ
ĲɵĵȻˣǾȣѡһˡ
ĸֻûڣֳ;ԣϽĿڡ
о仰лӿڳȻ١ղǼûԣҺӦ죬ȫ˵ͳɳĵϷˡˣǮޱ׵ֳδ֮⡣ɫ΢죬ʵͲϲϴ
ֳû뵽еΣһʱ䲻֪ôش
˵仰Ǯޱеˡ˼·¶ʲôƵģֳЩ¼ǰҾ˵ˣһֱûҵᣬ˵û˵ԼʵأҲûʲô˼ģҾֱ˵ˡ
ֳ㶣ԼоʲôﲻЩڴһìܡ
ʱ򣬻ڰءǮޱ۾е룬ƺڻ䣺ʱҸһ𣬸ٻԵЩ졣ʱҶҲûʲôرĸоһԵꡣ𽥵ദһֱڣҷռķԽԽأ
ڱף
һŮԼ˵飬ֳһͻϲɽţǮޱ͸һˮᣬָоǰ˵ûеĵز
ֳĻ˵е㲻ˣǮޱȷⷬʲô˼
е𣿡
Ǯޱֳĸܣ͵ѾԵʰɣҸദʱһֱεĸңָĹϵƽϸ˵еѣֻǱͨѶһʲôֻ˵ĩ͵ģ


331 㶷û
ĩ⻷ɵģ
ֳеԻ󣬲Ǯޱô˵ʲô˼
ô˵ɣĩҴߵĻΧܽӴ˾͸ˡҵͺܸߣȻҲĩǰһֱû̸ˡڣҶĵĸûСǡʱ֣Ȼƽʱƽҵӡȴԡ
Ǯޱôһֳͣˡ
飬ǮޱҲҸûܰȥˡʱͰӡ󲻴мֺøеֳ˶
Ůֳܲȴܾȳѡζ
˵ˣϵҲݲǿ
ôоǮޱ۲һתҧ´֪ô˵ܻе㲻죬ֻǲƭʵʵ˵ˡҪ֪һŮ־Ҫܶ࣬˵ǰʲôѹأռıˣǵ㲻Ӧþʧ˰ɣ
⵹Ҳǡ
Ǯޱôһ˵ֳȻִĽǶϿǰ崿һ˳Ľƺռ˴ˣ
ֳеɡ
Ǯޱ˹ߣȻջǵʵҪҲֻһ˰ˡܺã֪ĩЩǰͬʵ˻õ׷㿴µֲʦкö඼Ѿ˲ֹһŮˡǣӦҲɣ£Ҳǿģ
ֹǲᣡ
ǮޱŮˣ˿¶İɡ̬ȣֳѾȫסʵ˵Ҳⲻģֻﻹһ˼ɡһİԼ⡣ڶǵʩںĩǰ׵Ů벻ұŮˡڡ
ߵǮޱֳĺһڴӦԼִµĳŵֲˣ
ûشǾ͵Ĭˣ
ǮޱҲƽŮˣûбֳ˵ЩʲôΪʵҲǶԼȻˣӽ쿪ʼпҪֻӡģЩʵġ
仰ʵѾ͸©һЩ
ֳҲſһЩ߰ͷϸǮޱһʱ䡣ô˵һŮʾԸԼչ飬һֵý顣Ҫ֪ﲻ֪˶Ǯޱأȴûõһ˿ᣡ
ǮޱСʱֳʶԼ뿪ˡ
Ϊ֤ʲôҲĳ˱̬ǮޱǰʾֳһǡǮޱǺߴӵı飬ֳ֪Ŀ棬̲סջǰס
ǵһγԣǮޱ۾΢գÿĽëš룬˶ֳܾҲ⣬ȥĴģһ˿㡣
ĸоʩ治ͬ
һǮޱƿֳԴ˼ǻ⣬ֳӡһǣһǺۡ
ǵùҵٸ

ϣֳȥʱõʩʡ
ǸǮޱµģʩɲ΢һ³Ĵ¾
ֳЩ飬˵ͷ˵ʲôһ£ֻ˵ڣΪԵ̫α
ߡ
ʩɫƣҲûֳôΧֳһȦʵû˵ʲô𣿡
ֳ룬ǮޱĻ˵һ£̹׵ȥ
ʱһ˻ѡֳܵľ㡣
̰Ĳˣʩ챧Թ˼䣬Ȼ󣬾ûȻˡ˻⣬˱顣
㲻𣿡
ʩûʲôӦֳԽˣǱ˳
Ȼˣʲô취ʩֳһۣܿйˣһǮƣҪˡҰֵҲһҾܰô˭ϲأֻίˡңҲͬˡֻҪŮˣҪʮҲɣЩΪ˵ʳͿϳԼģ˯ǣЩŮ˶Ỷϲصϣ
ֳ࿵죬ȴû˵ʲôΪʵˡ
ԼϣڻأŷϵŮ˺ֹʮֳֻʩ۽ҲܸߣҲǿƲסһֱûǰˡһʵ޷ϵģǾĩŮ˵ĵλơˣƿܵǿߣѾΪΪ޼ɵκˣ
룬ֳҪʲôûκܡ˵ȥӣ
µĸӣǵðɣʱʩȻһ
ȻǵáԭԸյ£ҲмֲʦֳĻƴӣһĸˣʲô𣿡
ʩĵ֮ǰҵŮˣΪΪĻĶͱ߳ˡ磬ҪŮ˾ȲĴ֪治֪жŮ˵ĴأҿɲǻᣡǮޱʵѾĻҪˣҲһֱһˣѾͦˣ
ֳ治֪£ȴˡĳЩ̰һ㣬ȴ־£ұ֤һһֱõģ
֪㲻ġʩȻһЦҿһǺ׼ģȻʱҲһ͸ˡڲ֪Ѷڿأȴ֪ҵľȻðպͶĲ˼ȴµġ
ǣ۹⵱Ȼˣ
ְֳ֪԰ľһҲǸȻͺᣬȴɫɫˡң˵Բ˼ҵ飬ôҲкĵ˼
ˣǲ˵ˡǮޱô£۲Ĳˡ˵ţʩֳƳ׼õյ⣬ίлԵĶŪԭϣԼԶģգԸɣ
ã
ֳҲû飬һȻĬĬ˸Ը
ԸôȻ˵Ͳˣֳôʩѯ£˵˳İһֵĹÿһ죬˳սĩգܵĻָĩ֮ǰ
ʵֳ˵ǸʩһȥߣǮޱǲľ͸˴ʡ
ʩ浹ûô࣬;ãֳе̰ˣԸĿɲС
ʩѵõֳһ˴ϣϲǮޱ£ֻҪһʱ򣬾ͲңܵʲôʱҺõĴҪһΣ
ҪǮޱһϸߵ͡
ðɣ
Ի˴ζ󻶣ֳôܷԡʩѹϣȻʼ˷컵һҹ۵Уȴûע⵽½Ϣʩĵ⣺ޱ㣬ЩãеľͲˡե㻹ˡ㶷㻹˵㣡


332 ׶
ڶʮ㣬ֳŴһ˿Ӵ
ܺǿܸʴȫļӳɣվܵġΪ߼ֲʦΣĳЩһк֢ʩϵ㣬ֳǺԺġ
ᶯϴ˵㶫ȻɽÿձΣӲһˮȻȥ߼ֲѣԱ̫
ǰ߲˵ǻ֮Ч£ˮͷá
ٶȺ״̬ȥһ¾ջ񣬶Ķ߰˰ٹԲ⣬ȫĩǰͨĸ߲
̫ƻΪ֮ǰǰϲһˣһж߰죬֮ǰµѡ˯ǰͺ̵ɥʬȫɵ֮£ֻ¿ʼһɥʬܹ޵ģɱһһ㣬Ҳ½ɥʬǨ㡣ֻҪȥгˮʱ
æЩֳȥһʩ棬˷ȻﵽǮޱ
˵ٵģܲ˵
ǮޱȻҲ׼رƯ˵ױ֮£ĸȻֳܺžͲıɿˡ
ôÿ𣿡
Ǯޱ΢΢죬ǼԼϲӡϲǾˡѧʱѧľǲרҵŲ±˿ء
ŵĩǰӦֳǮޱĵһԼˡֳѾýôȹɻûʵʩԻصļȫû顣
ӳ׶صĴϢ
ŵƽȫû˼ֳԼᣬֱſڴ·صʱǡøϵϢ׶شλѾͶֳĲıҲһʱϢίƽֳ
˸ˣǮޱҲֳȰȥɡ
Ȼ֪ʲôҪʩһֳοԼǲ
򵥽ֳ뿪ƽù˼ı
ⲻҪһֳıˣ׶صңһٻУһ׳͵Ϯش
Ǹ춯صϢ
Ӹ˽Ӵֳ֪ǿܻһ죬ȴû뵽ô졣֪Ϊȫ׼ʲô仯Ƶǲòǰ׶ظ߲㶯֣һ׳ϱشҲǸ⡣ĩʱεȻûʲô֮ʣôҲйоءסءشһûͦȥ׶ؿɾҪپ޴𵴺Σˣ
Ϊ쳯ĵһҴ߻أ׶صʵӰӹɡ˵յľĩ϶ϵ֮ĵһһ䣬Զ̫мӰ죡
ֳԼо׶Ҫٵصıˣ
յ򣬾һ׳İΣԼ׶ƽϢҸĴۣȻֳˣҲΪ׾ܱɵһ׳͵ϮͿ뵽ضҲʧء
أĽ
ıļֻмһҳֳ˷û֣Щ
ƽȻҲ֪õľǸողŴϢ׶ص·ϡԣҲֻεҡҡͷ
û𣿡
ֳԭ˼ȦЩסˣһˣҪһʱõϢ
ʱǮǡûص֪׶صľϢûȺȿˮͣһֳϵ˻ء˵ֳҪ࣬ҲǴˣʶϢҪ
鳤
ֳ֪Ҵææĸϵأıŵѯ˹һߴһߵصĸ߲ٿ飬᳡Ѿرգ;˼롣Ϣ;УӦҲˡ
֪Ǿ͵Ȼɡ
ȻûкϢֳҲûôżˡ
ڻĸ߲㣬ӦҲⳡ׶صӰ죬ԼӦӦ԰ɡϾĿǰ˵׶ػϵ࣬ʵҲǵ֮ĵһվҪ˱Ϣġ
һСʱ󣬲ı˹֪ѾˡʱͻȻһܿ죬ıһȡŵ˹һ׳Բѣת֢໤ˣΣˡϢǣڷѱƽǰ׶صһͿͻҩ⣡
ʲôֳȫվ
ϺͻҩĩζʲôֻҪǰ׳նھʱŪһ֣Ҫ׶ظͬھˣʧȥ㹻ľ𣬾ӵʮ򲿶ӣɥʬǰҲǺ޻֮ϣ
һʵ̫ݣҲ̫ˣ
˺һᣬֳһƽľʵľأŵûᵽ
еģı˵ͷϸ·׶ؾ͵һʱʵʩܺϢ׶صļλѵλߣ֪ϸʱӦαһЩӦеɥʬȺȻڻ֣ŹЮһȺҡ׶ӦҲӦԣʤڱؾС鼯ͻǺը£ǾȰŵֶΡ
ֲһ¾мܳʲôЩӦƾ̸еģ˭Ҳ֪ôͱͬھˣ˵׶ؽķ֮һճ˷棬˱޹ǣȥˡ
ϢԶֹһ
ڽĵȴУӭյĽмӦ©һϢ𴫵ݵ˴·ɥʬɵˡ֮ڶ磬ֳǵõյĽ
һ׳Ϊʹˣûܳŵڶ졣һСʱ׶ٴγֽ𣬵ģԿһΧϢ֮ǰ׶صĸ߲ǲ֪ôһ£ӵһλϽεһ׳ͬʱǩһµ׶ؽڳ׷Ǩܻأ
ˣ˵һͬǨƵĻнݻءͷءɽصȣܻʮҴ򣡡
Ϣͬ˾޴Ĳˡٶ۵ֳʶϢĲͬ
׶ؾ£ʵ϶ⲻʲôӽĩպһֱɽյĸʵ»ġֳĵģ׶ؾǨƵϢŵķ⽨ʱǲ֣׼Ǩˡ
׶صӰ֮ô󣬳ʵ⣬Ҫľռݴͳ·ŵڣҲޱҪġ׶׶أܽ׶𣿻ö֮Դ׿أǨܻص׶Ѿͨʡûκˣ
ңԭ׶ľһҪӰ죬ǾѾʵ
ĩһࡢĽɥʬȫֵĹؼʱ̣ͳһˣȡ֮ǻдһЩʡغҴԽӪأ
һ̣ĩһҪʱڵ㣡


333 ӿǰĽŲ
׶صϢȻѾӰȴԶûˡ
ȷ׶ؽҪǨ󣬻ĸ߲ٴٿһλ顣ȻλԾɱֳܿȴͨı׵֪˻ݡǾǣؾбҪҪһʱ仹û
Ȼ׶Ǩ֮Ӱһ½˿ǰĵزڣһЩļ˶סˡĩʵѾĵزЩԾһ
ô£һλ㲻ġ
ϸ˵󣬲ıԼ˸ۡ޳ɵ˺ͷԵͬʱں
ֳ룬ʵĻʵϾԻеʵΪ½һȨɣ˿ǣɥʬûǰʵںģûʲôʵʵ塣˼أ
ıʼ磬νĵŵǰĻҿܻͬɡǸ鳤졣û֮ǰҵĿҪ
ҲǱŷڱġ
ĳ׶صǨԲıĴܴ֮ǰɥʬʵôǿ׶ôΪʼվκˣǻؾĲıĴڡڣôһȻ˵͵ˡȻֻǨѾ
׶ûˣԭеȨҲ֮ʧһϴƣ
ܣϴɥʬв½СǹģǿȻǱʲôһΧվҲһǰĻᡣվȷˣڽڵĵλһ
ڵϷȻѾû뻦ġǣıȴ֪һҶĻȴ޷һ˵ĴڣǾֳ
һ˾ܰټ׶ظ߲֪һԻɱĽɥʬһٶ˶һڲӵĿֲʦ£˻Ƕôֲ͸£ڵĻأһȻ֣ڲıһѾ൱ˣ
ԣվöӡǰ˾ĿǰҪ£
ô˵ĴжɥʬʧȥֳİغܶԸսĽɥʬ֮ȴͬıֳɽһǺ·ҿԸ㣬һȴֳСȻʵ̫󣬵ıȴѣ֪Լôѡ
鳤׶صӰ죬ڻĲȣԼӴ£ȡ
ֳڿǣı׼ֳ˸⡣Ȼ׼Ŀ꣬ȻҪ³ˡ
ֳʵҲ⣬׶صĺȻǨ͵ע⵽һµʱ١ңִз֣ԼпܡҲǸʱаһҪĽɫʵԼԻչ£ȫռȵʱ򣬻Լԡ
֮ǰûһҲˣֳ롣·İǰֳͲòؿˡռϷĻأܣϷ쳯Ҵ߶пܹ£
һеĹؼڣӿǰĽŲҪһ
ֳ֮¶˾ġڴһ̵ĵǿܴȻΣһδ·
תͷʮź;ģԲı֮ǰ˵Ҫλнɣܺãϣܿ

нĻ滹졣
֮ǰֳ߲ĽӴһֱǱȽϽȽСĵġıûʮգֳͲ£ʡľ׶ⳡ磬ֳҲװŵӷſ
нŻ֮һĲӣνλȨˡҪ£ͨġҾԷͷͬˣҲҪĶԷҳ⣬᲻ͶʲôġƫƫֳںܣݲӦˡ
Ϊ˵õӣнĲ࣬ҲԲ١ֳ֤ĵλ䣬ҹؼʱֳ̱֧Żӡ
¾Ͳö˵ˣܵջֳʮĵġһ鵽ܵǿĸоͺñȶƷһ㣬ҪǸԿơ˭ɳһ㣿
ԣɱﵣֳ
ֳмӿ춯ʱ򣬲ı׶صõϢ˵׶ⲻԶصĹ״ֳɽ˵վķߣ
Ϣȷֳһʱˡ
ܲϴ߻߽ɥʬÿһ죬в͸һ֡סʲôģֳĵһӦȹȥɵֻߣɥʬͣ
ı룬Ӧȷɡ
ǾλأӦаɣڷߣֳе̬ȣܷȥ
ıĸоֳ¶ɱɴ˸£˵׶ʯɽڹԱ߲Զֵϡ
ֳ˵ͷȴû嶯
ӻص׶أ·̿ɲ̡׶ôģİǨɥʬעɧֻ߻ûԭغ˵ԣֳҪʱ׼һ£Ҷֲʦæ
ɣɳһ֧۲鿴׶ǨĻַǴ·鳤Ӧʡġı˸⡣
ֳҲԣǱͬˡ
һֳ֮ʩǮޱ˸𣬴ǮԸյȾһ̤ǰ׶·еʮ۲Աȶõ˸߲ĶڳϺʵȫֳƶļƻ
տʼļٹﵹƽ·ȻЩɥʬȫ첻вԽӽ׶أɥʬ궯Խǳ·һСǵĳʱεڳɥʬĳܣܾܿǸоҴ߻㼯һɢϢ
ǶϽ׶ǨҲһ£Ѳٱɥʬ࣡
Ӵ¿׶Ľʱֳǿһ·ϴɥʬ֫ͼҴǨµĺۼֳޡصйԭ׶羰һ㡣һ򿪳ǾŵǶζ
ǡ
˸̾˼䣬׶صַѾʲôϣ
Ȼһ׶ص˵ָ£׶ءΪӵҴߵĳأ׶صĹģӹɵģҲޱȽʵڣŶѾȥ¥աȥصĳЩ仹ԼԿḷ́ǺüǰĻۼ
紵ƬҶƮټ׶Եޱš
Ǹɥʬβ׶صǨȥѾһˣزûɥʬĹ۲ԱоǸûᣬǱ³ֳǸ𡣲Ϊ˱գֳָ˱ǣŴʣʮмֲʦﲻ̫Զȥ
Ŀֻ꣬ķߣ


334 ֵս

һ滷ɽһˮС򣬶Ӹʯɽ
ʮƽֳڵɽ󡣲ĵλ൱Խ׶ҲʮֳԸû̫ãϵ
ͣںֳ̧ͷ˿ͼĻ·̫ĳ̫࣬Ҳûҿ³аɣɥʬϮҲüʱӦ
ԸպǮûʲô˲ԼͬĽͣ
ͨˣ¾Բ־ɶҲмϾĿֲʦ˵ӵ·ܵٶȾԱȳҪܶࡣ
Ϣ˵ֻ֮ǰڹԶ
ֳһߴ·һĴ鿴ŷ߿ܵλáĿֲʦֳŸߣʱһЩûɥʬżɥʬϮҲֻǸ΢һ鷳ٿЩֲʦȻȫһԲĽֳ̬ȴһ㣬Ƶᣡ
Ǵ˿̻бڣһỳԼ۾һķһࡢѾɹСȻ˸ôҡڵĻȫЩɥʬ
ϣҲֻпֲʦǸɥʬĵ޼ˡ
֨֨
Ѳ˰عһȺ峤һ׵ıɥʬ֪·ߵǴ˳ֳǲ㲻ʱֺų
һȺɥʬ˵ҲʮֻݾԿҧϸܵٶҲͨǣ·ǵøСɿֲʦȴȫȻ壬ʩֶΡһʱ䣬ּǽ˪㶹֡ӣըֲ׷׳֣Щɥʬӭͷʹ
ʮջһˡ٣ﻹ𾧣
ܿɵЩɥʬ󣬿ֲʦǼ򵥴ɨһսȻûеõʲôϲҲû״һ
ӳǱߣ
ʱһ񲻴ĿֲʦĿµĺۼ
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ϸ˰ֳ۶ϡ̧ͷԿԵ϶ۼʹȺɥʬӡ졣Щɥʬƺûβ׷Ǩ׶أǳȥ
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СΪһвֹһֻĽɥʬ
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ĽɥʬצһײԵһмֲʦݺݵɳʮԶٶ֮죬ֳѾһʱ˹ȥǱһ֡
ҡû£
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ͺðˣ
ֳñ񽻸¡ܱЧʳߵӦԽʱѾ㹻ʮֲʦɵüغϣ
ǣƻǺõģȴ
ֻĽɥʬѾ˺ۣۿžҪɵʱԺͻȻɥʬļֽС󣬰һХʮֻɥʬӴԺ˳ţֻɥʬײΧǽȱڴֻƤˮ״֫ήɥʬŲڵĲ˳
ע⣬ǿӵԶ̹ɥʬ
ĩôֳɥʬ͵жҲǻܳһԼľ顣֮ǰûֻεɥʬȴӰóۡ
ʵ־ĲֳֹһˡڳĿֲʦҲʶ㡣ۿɥʬĳǰǰԶɥʬвǲòܣһȵıͣһںз
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ҪǣǵĹɲֹһ
һֺɫĸʴҺ幥ʧЧˮ״ĶƤֻԱһ㡣ûӣֻɥʬٶ˹ƣ


335 ǿĽ

ʶǺɫҺǿʴһڿֲʦȫ߾裬±մȾĵˮǸĿʼܡ
ֻͿҺĻɥʬӦֻƾܽǱȴ˭ָһ㡣ĵˮһһεĻصɢֲʦڹΧֲܿʦǶɹζ̲סü
ֻɥʬץסᣬֲʦǷƶĹ
ЩƺҲ֪ϺɫҺײҿǱͲвǴ˸ۿֱۡӸɵƺе˷ѡֳ˿ԶΧǽȱڴĻҺɥʬЩɥʬȫȻȥҧ
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ҺɥʬûκܣȻ֪ЩǰͬɥʬѾ˵˵Ŀܡԣɥʬ˹ȥ͵ϮʱȡɹЩӹĵˮ׵Ĺﱻצһ¿ƶǣǿճҺһЩεҺɥʬȻʧȥս͵ϮǵɥʬҲ̶ʮڱ㱻Һ׸ʴ
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ȻֲҪǮɥʬҲʱԿơü˵ĴɵЩҺɥʬôǴ׬
˵ķ߻ǲһ㡣һֻĽʳߣĳֲֿҺɥʬֳţǷôɳȥһֻҺɥʬŶпܡʱɾĿ޵У
ҺԼļʱ
ĵһۿûɥʬӿֳĿֲʦС߽ưܵԺм䣬ǿһɽ˵վֻµѣ䶯ϵĴޱȶġ
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ȷֻߵݣֳ»˻֣׼ɵǣ߲ûл֮ġһλɱֻʱֳռ˾Ӹµơֻܵӵ׵ķֵֻܱ˺ȫвǡڣҴͬһˮƽϣֳͲҴˣ
ûǹ֣ӻ׮
ֳܿҷ˴ĻǹȥԷߵôܵĿ֣ǿԶԶķŷ
ܿ죬Ļ㶹ӵڷߵƤϴһıը
һǹֵÿһǧϣ֪ʮǹֶ׼ͬһĿ꿪ǸǺεȵ׳ۣıըСɽķ߲ͣƤ񿰱ĽƻߣĹҲܴŲͣŤš
Ϊܸɵֳÿȶٻ˴繽öʴķ
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пֲʦ㣬ɴѡ
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йŹֳֵٶгֻǹ֣Ȼ̬ЧԶֲʦԲݵĺãҲʤޣ
˵ֻ߻ܳŶã
ۿʤһҴǿʼ˸ǵ
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䶨ˣƤⱻըڵķԽԽ֡Ŷģʲô
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ղͿԹɵεķ룬ֳֻŹֵɥʬҲֵĽɥʬĳֻ߾Ϊ˾Ĵ߻ֻɥʬŶֳǵĹ뿪

ӷǰĽɥʬֱӣ˦˦βͣһֽѪĿⶢסֳӳ˹
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׼ʱ㿪ֳǱһٶŵˡ˵ֻɥʬٶȫĽʳߣ뵽֮ǰɥʬӵгԽͬɥʬʵֳʶǰһʵܻ֮ܿϣ
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ڣǰĿֲʦһϹս
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⻷ӲͬλüлĽɥʬչĶԲܶÿֻҪסɾ׵Ķࡣǣ˵һĻǰݡƺǸо˺⻷ΣգֻɥʬȻ͵췢һļУ
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ֳܻɣԼǰֻߵḶ̌˵ǿ
ȹ龪ȣֻԼǿĽףֳҲ˾;ԼĽ׿ֲʦҲֻǲ磬ʮмֲʦæȻĽɥʬѶԸҲǿޡΪǰֻɥʬԻûȫԼֻڱʹ
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336 нʾ
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ĢƺĻҳɢȥ󣬿ֲʦǲɻٶȼɥʬһȣ뱻Ҳûʲôˡ

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һҵĺ߲֪Ǿ廹ǱıըѶڲͣĲǣѾʧȥֻܴԭؾûãҲֻĽɥʬĺ󳾣ϵһöԴ
ΪɥʬĻ꾧ԴĳɶڵֳáԴ֮ǰ꾧ֳԼͻֲԶˣ֮ǰ׶ΣֳһʱٶȲûһҪһ䣬ⶼЩĽɥʬСĹף
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һ·ϣЩ۲ԱʱзһЩܵϢܴ󲿷ֶѾ׶ش߻٣һЩ©ġǴЩ©ĵУǷ˺ܶȤĶ
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һ·Ȼɽᣬֳϴ裬׼ȥԼŮ̸ġʱرͻȻϢ˵и޵ҪԻصĿֲʦ
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Ҳ֪Ҹ׵ʱΪͶϵġλ˾ҪģҲ׷ĶǣĿǰߵԶԶҲȫȻǵĿơԣϣܹƽܵİأȻþܶܡ
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һ֣ⲻͽˣĳҲΪڶҴߺð

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ȥҲܶһ棬ڱ˷ˡ
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˵Է˼άҲ˵ֳķֻǴҲܵĽǶġ
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ʱ£ĻһδؿɿҲûôʱˡ˵˾ڵľҲܸߣóȻĻ»ݾߣ˺ĺֳ⡣
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ҵ۳Сʱղֳİƻ
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һû䶨ǰֳͨҴ߹ǵĿֻš
ƻкܴȱݣǵжٽڴѶԾѡֻ֧˾ֳҪһĻأϣһսĻءڣѾ˶ԲߣԽֿԽͣ
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ֳһЩĸŵĵж˵ҪһҪɹںϹ֮ǰϣܱܡ
һĸǺȻӦϴż˷ܡڴȱ顣жôǶһ㣬Ǿº󣬿ֲʦΪһ壬ʽ̤ʷ̨
һ죬ɽϵĿֲʦǲûκ쳣ı顣
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ֳΪǱ뻦أȸнãԵȻšֻںڰĬĬǰһ·ܿߣȻϢ˻صĳǽ档
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340 ֹ
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򵥲һֳһᣬȡ˼ǽ
ѾеʿסŵĶʧɴϲϽǹ˽ǣûǿһее˭ǽģȥ
˾
һʾ⾪ɲĿˣǵ˾ǣϡֳվȥƵᣬûаҪֵ˼
ȥ
˾̧̧֣ͷı֡
ǣղ淢˱ըǻɡðɣȥ
ܾЩԾҲԸղŷºܲ˽⣬˾ǹԹԵ˳šӺû۳ֳ͸˾һǰһĴ˳߲֪Ϊʲôññѹĺܵͣס۾
˾ġͬ£ֳ޾յĴӵһ˳˦ͼϵĻҹʱֳ֪ؾֻʣһľ룡


342 ȫռ
飡飡飡
źŵڼžҹУźŵƺۡ
һֱĬĬȴнͲı˴ϲֳ֪ǱѾ㶨˻λ˾ҪģֽӹܻصĹؼλãȻЩֲʦİ»صĴȨ
죬ռƻж˶㣡
нһߴߴֱʿһԴĸˡͬһʱ̣صطı⼸ͶֳĽҲ׷״ӪԤ
ĸֵģֹͣǰ
ԭѲߵʿҲǳԸɷģȫװʿ˹Ǳ˾衣Ҫ֪صȷĹ涨ҹǱҪԲ˽ǣԷо߲ǩĵ
ǽӵ棬бɥʬǱƬԷĽӹȫ飡һнµľɫ䣬óͬǽӦǡһݴ¾һȷɥʬأĲӱȥǣ
ôûӵ֪ͨ
ƬѲߵξе㻳ɣҲû̫ࡣǰЩ˶ǻڵĲӾˣܸɴĴ˳롣͵ǰˡ
ֳһռ͵عǹأ˸
ĿЩ뿪󣬾תͷɵķ
ƵΣڻصطҲݡ󲿷ֶ˳ĻȨޣִнµļ߼ٳҲ˼֡һЩ˾ĹǸһЩܵľòȴֲʦǳúڰŵȻȻһˡ
һжڰƻУ
ֳȸн̸õļƻУƻҪռĲ֡һǾ½ڵָģڶǾ⣬ʹ⡢糧ͳţЩط֣صĴȨץҪľͨźھӪٿ˸߱һЩҪĿͿȷ˳֣
ʹ˱н£ֻҪһּӴˡָвı˰ģӦҲ⡣ԣнĿͶ˾⣬ΪӵһڵңĿزӺ͸˶ǻ˾ң
ҪѪе治Ǽ¡
ǵõ˻дϢѾ˻ǹǵǧ˽ӽϷ˾档
Уҡ
нмֲʦıվ˳Ѿ䱸ϣܹͨƽֶ
нʲô𣿡
ȼյ̽յƵĹâУˣһͻղڿնźŵ֪ģطͬҲϢ˵дģ춯뵽Լ֪һЩϢȻ˺ܲõԤС
˾ӹͬʱʱװ
нһʱ䣬˵Լ⡣
ʲôЦ
нĻ˲ͰѳУŭˣһ֣ʱһƬǹ˨ʮͦǹǴӲͬλö׼нǣʱ׼ֻǣûӵȷǰУȻɣҲóȻһнֻܵȣ
Ҫôȿ˻ֵɣҪô
ӵദڣУȻĲš
һĻнͬҲŻ˶Ҳ˵ǲһ̲붯֣ǿҲôµġԣнֻ½䱸Ҳڵȣ
ָıµһ̣
һû̫ãӺ󣬳УǱرߵ绰ˡһûͰ˹˵ָĵģ
һϢˣ
УݺݵĿԶڵнһۣ绰ɻû˵ʲôʹһϤޱȡ΢ЩнȥӹλãΪʲô
˾
УһϲĻԴ˵һըˡôܣ˾ôֻĵ
ǡ
ֱĻŸտڣͱ˾ٶȴϣҲͣԭ֪ˣ˵
˵ţ绰ͷͰȻʲôȻ˾鲻ôá˼ͬϤġָĻҪУִо򽫱Ͼ·ͥһ䣬˾ƢܲãϽɣ
⣡
绰ȷָģУҪɣԻǲнģ³ġǣҪĻĵִ֮ԥ߼ôôɣãջǲĵˡ
ǣȳˣķʱƽн
Уһ֣ءһĻнȻǳûӹأ⻹㣬һУµװȫ
ûǾ֪Ҳûˡ
̫
Уһ˿׺ݣؿڼջûҸнٶȴȥӪصȴϢ
Ƿ糧
Լ˳нá֣ԼǸȻ󹽿˾İ취áֱӻɱĻҪЩط¾Ҫˣ˵ûƴһɣ
Сʱ󣬷糧ҲС
ʱָĿƿֳܵҲáеĹؼͺ򼸺ƣҪľǰ˾λнʦĲӶھӪȻͨʿǷ֮Ϳһǹ»أ
鳤Ŷ˾Ŀȡ
Ա߻ƯĻҪǰ˵ĵλΨһĳֲʦĽɥʬĳǿߣۿžҪأĵһˣҪܸϹϵԼɾͷˣͷŵĽæǰæ󡣿ֳſȿαϣϽȥ÷ظסȻĦ
ԱǸһһ˾˭ںһʧܵͷӵ³أ
лˡ
Ů˵뷨ֳȻ֪ĩŮˣѾֲ֣Ҳȥ
ȵζŨдһ˿ζӦǼǡĩڣҲѾϡȱĵϣҲͻĸ߲ż㣬Ҵ߼Ūˡֳһں󣬿˿ԱߵĿ˾뿪ˡ
ҪȥӪȻۿԼ˳ƿأ
ò˵нͲıǵֺЧûֳʧڻ˾ֳƵ£ƻĽеһƵʿȫװסǼڻ˾ʦӪء
ٴˣҲ֪سˡ
ھӪʿһɧҪȥܺ˻ǹҪϵ˾Ҫôͬã֪룬ҪôϵϣҪôֵǽװͬһǲ֪˭ĺã


343 Ժͽܳ
ŷǻصڶʦʦ
Ǹĩ齨ʦǰɺüʦϲġڶʦȻ齨ʱ䲻ǰǾĲӣսһֱŷҲû˾Σ۰֮
ԴˣŷҲ˷дŸм
Ϊ˱˾ΣĩŷûٸɥʬսҲն񡣿ǣԴɥʬֺ󣬻صĴͱŲӹ࣬ǹڹһʱ䵹ҲȵǣĽɥʬĳֳ׸ıһУ
ڣʱðһЩĿֲʦ
ǵİ£вصĽɥʬȺɵЩˣŷǼȿãҲм⼸˾¶ĲöŷЩֲʦļɵ
ĪǣҪ
ĳЩͷŷ˾衣˯ʱҲΪ˼˾Ӫһˡľٶӹһ١ȥȻĿֲʦ˸գûҵˣ
ڰ·ϣŷ˴нµʿĿһڷӦʲôǸϽ·ֱ𱨾ԼֱԼµľӪפأ
ֻҪб֣Ͳ£
ʱֲ֪ʦѾȫ벢жڶŷԼһʵռơֻҪԼסһʱ䣬ӦĻ˾ضѸƽҡǣнһ·˲ٹؿŷӲ·ǷլźòǱؾӪ
ò˵ŷԼôġΪǰſӪЩʿ͹׼סӪˣ
˼ϣϣнˣһƽѣ
ŷﻹǺģôһ½ˡܿ죬źӪͿʼϡܺܶ˲˯ѣѹͲ׷ʲôǻǹ׼ŷɱȥ
ϧǣûǵʦϣʿѾܺûǹװ׳ספسڡ
а˴ŵȥϾͱ˾棬Ȼǹһתָסǡֻǣͬ۵ܲǹͲǹн»ǺܿƵġ
ڶʦ˵Ҳʶ࣬ģҲԹ˻ȥ
ʦô죿
¿˿ɵĵ˳
ŷҲЩϾռŵƣӲĻ»١˵β̵ôԥһ£׼ʵڲ̸£ǾͿɱȥ
ţ˾װԭش
ʱ˿ʼˣҲѾϵĵڶʦʿɧ󲿷ԾԻţŽɣϡϡķǹ
Ҫǣװ׳Ӵͷɱȥ
ԣŷǣߵװ׳˳սһʱ򣬼ŷϤվ˳
ʦ˾ô
ı˹ڿֲʦ£ѾʦӵڶʦʦûƣѾؾӪ֯ºϽ˸˹ҵǣ˫ûü
ı˾㲻ΪʲôҪѣ
ŷվװ׳ϣͨ⺰ȷǲоѻ֣Ҳ¶ͷ
ı֪ѶҲīһ£ѣûе£˾ҪͰˣǶǷ£Ҫѵ㣬ӵװҪǿټ£ôעһʲô
˾ͣװҲţ
ŷЦҡͷ漴׼𡣿ǣȴסˡ
гıĻ㲻ţҵĻܸ˰ɣ
˵λн
⻹꣬нĻ£һλʦҲ֤Ȱ˵ŷð̽ͷ˿˻Ϥ˾ĸ־ŭѵҲѱˣ
ǣôܣ
ɵʱֳſ˾ϵΣλžñ˾Կں󣬶ŷˡԼ˾ʲôаֻǱ˼ƣȻڣԼûκλػءңҲȫûս˼ɥʬѾˣΪʲô໹Ҫڶ
ܲսĻûǲҪսĺã
µ󣬶ŷҲֻ̾˿ԹԽܽװ£ֳǰһϰҲ˿
ʿһӵ룬ʼս
̣Ȼ΢Щۣܵ˵൱˳ġæ˴ҹǰصһʰ׵еҪλȫԼˣ˾µĲʱװھӪڣ
ټ֣ɣ
һҹû˯ֳûжƣĸоڸн˽ϵľڻĸ߲ٿһ顣ݺܼ򵥣ֻһǾǻ˾Զֳͣϻ˾ı
˲࣬Ҳʮ漰صķ档
ҵףֳǳĬһĻ˾нУнڽܣȻֳԣ˾ֻڼضʱŲ콲䣬֤ȷԼ͵ġ
Դˣе˸оĪеνҲּɡ
ô˵ڻǰ˾ĳĬھһн֧£ֳ˳˻ص˾λãûκɡҶǱҹҲ֪ȻѶԼֺοǿͷοε˾λޱǿĿֲʦڣȫҲ˵
ΪŸֳĸʲôԣⳡҲֻǱĿģµ˸̵ݽ
ֻһҪûõҵǰ׼й¶¡УҲϲ˾ν
Ǿֱӳƺˡ
׶ѾǨڴ½ǻΪסҪ˵ֱӽһȫµȨȻиͳϯʲôġ
ҾЩˣ̫ʣ

һȺ۷׷ףֺǰλ˵˼ֳ˰죬ڴӸ߰ĳνҵһĵģԺͽܳɡ
ʣȲ˾ϣҲûʲôϯͳңԶֲס
ðɣǾ͸ƽܳ
λ˵Ҫнʾνֻһƺĩˣؾϴôľôġ
ɹܳλã˻أζֳͿԷˡڻֻǳȫǿĸʵܵջߵϲ·ߡҪ𲽹ڻصֳҪĻкܶࡣȻ⿿ԼԼ߲Ŀƣ׻⣡
ңôһα䶯нյľҲӡȻֳΪܷʲô˻ҪƽҲҪģǸһ˴ȨԼƲסʲôеͷֻǣôֳһʱ仹ץͷ
ɢ֮˰ֳЩͷ


344 ֲͨʦһ
ϢֳȨŹġ
֮ǰ֪ĸ߲;ӶҪܡΪֳûȫӹܻǰóȻĶ⹫һҹĶʵڲСټ˶ӣҪȫֹϢ©ǲܵġܿ죬СϢĴֻΪҹûǹټϵڶƺҲûʲô쳣ҴҲûر⡣
ֳȡƽ»شĺô
ΪͻȻ񻯣ԭ˾ǣƼصǿߡ鳤λɱĽɥʬĳֳΪ˾Դˣֳ˾Ѿ̬ԸΣغپʮҴȡöԿɥʬʤؽ
ǲԱְƱ䶯ԭؾίԱίԱнѪ˨ЧղšضԴ˱ʾذӣλýɡ
飬˾ְλĳΪܳһְܹܻ¡

峿˵㣬Ѿͣõȹ㲥ͻȻŮټĻػصҴߵĻȻ
֮ǰϢģؾȻˣ
ұڸľû˵˾ʲôë߲һ±䶯Ҳ̫ˣе㲻
֪㲥˵ôԭ˾ͻȻ񻯣
ε˾ŶεܳǸ֣ãڣɥʬǴ򲻹ˣ
ǰǰҲðȫأ
һȺ۷׷ףõصĹ㲥󣬵Ҳû¶ʲô쳣ͿֻšϾظͨҴߵʳû䡣ֻҪסһؾͲң
ǵ£ֳҲע⵽㡣ֳԱķֻעȻ±ԭֻʳϱ㹻ӡɽЭ£صĺϵͳȵת˵ϲز뻦󣬻صʳѹԽԽ࣬ݵһڻ⡣
͹ˣֳ㹻ʱ⡣
ֳ׵ı֣һЩԭ뿴ֳЦҲǰһ
ǿֳܳλãʢ¹ѻ𣬻߸ɴҪλȫԼˡĻǻ⿴ֳŪĽͷöǿɲţĩǰһͨ׵ľͽһӽҴߵӴعľ
ǣֳƫƫûǵ⡣
ߵһֳϵŵȷ٣кܹؼһ֪֮
ԼܳλãܡûܣͨҲûʲôԣóȻֻصĹǲǵġõİ취ԭеĽתȥֳҪƵؾֻϣڱҪʱܹԸתˣ
ŪҪ󣬾ֳΪʲôҲڷȨ
ң⣬ֳĩҲ½һ֧˵ҴߡܸȫûñȣҲֳĴ󣬻˲ٹ顣ߵֳܳλúԵˡ
ô˵ڶ⹫˻ϢҴǻ򶨵ķӦʵֳεܳλãΪ˲֧Լ˺ģֳòССı˽һѣԼ¡ԼнͲı˿һᣬ͵칦ˡȻҲû̫óԵģǻ߲֮˻ǴΪ⡣
Ϊܳɱ
֪˭˸ͷȫ˾Ʊ
鲻ֳҲǳԼܹǿƴơƽʱǺϲȾƣѵ߲ܣʵ˲١ɢֳ֮˯˴
æֳҲͣˡ
ȻǸæµûȻĲӻɢ߾ͱ˵µĽɥʬĹ
ѪɫɥʬС
֪ϢֳĿܿһֻ½Ľƻߡǵڵλþ뻦ֻһٹѾ൱Σˣֳò׼
Ӧ˵ƻṩϢ׼ȷ
ʮֲʦһ·ȥȻڸʮĵطҵֻƻߵӰΪѲǵһζԸԿֲʦǵҲŲæۿɫֻаСʱԵȵڲſֳٻĴ·ƻսʵȵһ̨ס
һս
ֲʦСıĽƻߵನ˵Ϲսıȴǡƻߵɾûôˣֳûըˣмֲʦһӵϣսֻ½Ľƻߣ
ֵҵǣֻƻߺܸö꾧
Ѿһֻſм˶εǮһö꾧õĻ˵ϼֵĵڶ߼ֲʦˡ㻹һЩҲ΢Щʱգ߽ײָտɴͬһʱ䣬ֳҲ߽߶ֻһ֮ңö꾧ԼɥʬҲԽ
Ϊµľ磬ֳʼһֵŬ
ʱϲشǨƺ󣬲ٸʡɥʬǧ׷˹ֳ𡣵ʱֻһ֣дɥʬΪƶٶԭ½ϵڿֲʦ˵ЩɥʬһʷḻĻ꾧ء󣬵˸ɵ˽ʮɥʬֳڻܹ㹻Ļ꾧
Ѿ֪ڶٴεĽˣ
оޱϤĳֳ̣岻΢һĪ˷ܣڸĿ
꾧ȡȻ˿ӡһߵľҡЩڵܣȵܼתڸ߾ǰǰͺ̵ĳ
ɫĹâԽŨԼ
ֻɥʬ֪ô͵͵˹һֻƺܵĸоǰɫӰо޴вԹԹԵĵͷӿһֻɥʬԭתһȦջûѹסѪıܣһ˦βͳֳ
飡
һ׵ıɥʬ˵ֳߵʱ򣬷·ײһεǽӲ
ûֲʦľǰŵġֻǣֳ߽׵Ŀֲʦֻʣһ룬ָͻƵʱ̣ӿĽɫ۳γ˹ǽ
˵ֻͨɥʬ󣬾ɥʬȫһȭҲκβεǽ
ͷԵɥʬΪʲôǽٶȥ
Σ³ң
ǡý׳ɹֳ͵һ𣬽ɫâʽ̤߽߶εľʱҲֻ֪ôıɥʬһʬ·ըһ㣬ʱķѣǰһѿֲʦֳЩ˷ܣѾܿԼš·С˵һ龰ˣ
ʱϸǿֲ̬ȻĽɥʬҲײȵ£
һֳŴӶδĳлع֪Լ־ֻʣһһٽһףŨҩͿֱӳΪֲʦ


345 ɫտ
߽߶ֳ֮õֲݫҶ
һרŶԸɥʬֲͷޱȾ޴󣬿ֲֳһǵݫҶҶֱһ״֣߶ȸʮ׸ߡҶָԣϰƽף
гһֳɴо档
ŵƽʱһѴŵͨɡһɥʬ֮ĹҪϮֲʦݫҶͻ񵯻һѹȻޱȾ޴͵ĵȻֳɱıӥݫҶǰҲֻûƢıǣݫҶҶ۲ɼϸ΢׶赲ֲʦս
ʵ˵֮ǰֲʦǶԸеɥʬֶһֱȱõƵֲʼû֡ѻɥʬвѾ󽵵ͣ
ݫҶֳչɽϢ
ǿֲʦҲҪݽϵġ
ɾʱֳȻע⵽ӡı仯ɵѾȥһֻҲ˻ͻȻϢֳĳþãȻ̲סЦ
ӡˣ
һֱΪֳҪҲ˼һ֣ӡʼûб仯Ȼʵ᲻ϳµߣԵĹȴûӻʧȻһӡȴʵʵĳ˷츲صı䶯ӡǿռ䣡
֮ǰͨӡǣȫµӡǿռ߼ûб䶯ֻһɫտѫ£
ѫµļ۸񲢲ֻپңҲһ㣬ǿԸģһӡӱѫģαӽֻһ޶ȵʸ裬ֻͣڳֲʦһεʵϣ޷ңҪʵҪϻά֣
һϻ۸100ңںƷ
էһҪһͨ˳ΪαֲʦҪپҵѫºһϻЩ󣬶Էӵһʱĳһʵ൱ġϾֳõҵĵطȥûൽóӻϵӡǿռѫµЧ˲ޱǿˣ
ǸֳЦӡǿռı仯ֲʦתֳ
ֳм磬ԸܺĿֲʦиȱݡǲֳӵӡǣǵӡֻܴŻ꾧ȫûκοɹһĵߡֱɵĺֲʦȡԽ࣬ľҲԽ˷ѣֳŴۣ
ǣźźֲʦȴûκΰ취ڲͬӡǼ以ҡ
ĿֲʦҪһʲôߣҪֳԼľһֳԾҵáӡǿռһֱֳ֣ӵ˻ȡ¾ҵֶΡһֻҪֳҪ¿ͨȨޣͿʲô¶ӡǿռﾧӡֲʦÿһö꾧ֳܻöӦľң
뿴ֳҲֻһˡһٶĿֲʦæȡңľһȡٶȿҪ屶ʮ
ζʲôѾӹԣֳľҽǰδеĿԣôһôһҸǿԴӶԿֲʦģƣһӵĶһĲֳҪ󡣶³ֵɫտ£ȴƵĶһֻҪֳ㹻ͿԽͨʿתɳֲʦ
ɣһ֧мǧĿֲʦɵľӣǸǺεȵĿֲǵʵֻһΣװֳٻĻǹ֣ǽҡһ䣬ΪԸɥʬԿĳӣ
ңЩװɫտµˣɱɥʬҲǿ꾧ģ
Щ꾧Զϻӳǵսʱ䡣ʣµľҲͬԱֳãγһԵѭӵеտ³ԱԽֳܹ࣬ȡҵҲԽֳܷ࣬һտ£
һǸֳƣ
ӸջʱãʵֳҲԽĳġǣſֲʦܻʤһ쵽׻жòܽ٣ûеףҲ֪ǣӡǿռȴֳĿʤӣ
ԴһȫֲʦĹʱ
˿̵ֳеϣܸĿֲʦ·ϢȲĸϻɽȻټеĿֲʦ£
ӡǿռһ˻Ȼ
еĿֲʦǰ׳նʶһȫµġֻڿֲʦʱҪ١඼һ֮ǰͬĽ·
ܳ꣡
ʱ٣սɥʬؽ
ֲ꣡ʦ꣡
һЩĿֲʦǿʼ󺰳ԳȵǮˣҲһϲɫֳϢǶ뵽ӡǿռ𺳸ı䣺ǿ齨Ŀֲʦӣ
ҵеĿֲʦ뵺ɱɥʬռ꾧Ȼתɾҡʱ䣬齨һ֧˵ĿֲʦӪ֪ͨȥӪ֮ǰֺõսԱȡ
յ
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ˣܳи⣡侲Ǯؿڡ
ֳһ㶣ʵʲô⣿ֱ˵ˣҵĹϵô⡣
Ǯ˵ͷҼǵã֮ǰƴ䶯ǸضĽ׶ΰɣܳʵԽһ󾳽磬ǻ֮ڸ߽Ķεضʱ̳֡ӡôڽ߽߶ڵˣҵĸоı䶯ֲܳʦʱֲŶԣ
֪
ֳ·ϾͿǹ⣬Цӡǿռɫտµĳ֣Ӧֻʵľ磬Ҫɱ߽ɥʬﵽһĿ֮ǰҵʯƬӰ죬ٶȴӿ졣ǻٶȵĻ¾Ͳ߶ͨʱˣ
ǮȻ˵ԭˣҿܳղڸҽܵʱأѾ˰ɣ
Ȼ
ֳŵĵҲɫ´ѭɣֻһʼſֲʦӣӵɫտµαֲʦԽԽࡣʱǾʽֲ֯ʦӣһЩ֮ǰǲ˵飡
ǮԼ뵽ʲôǾȣΣ˵
ֳЦĵ˵ȫշ
Ѿ뵽ܣֳ֤ʵǮǱݺݵһѡ
շĩڵʱ򻦺ԹڸʱȽϾ޴Ĵۺ󣬻һշ˰ٷ֮ʮ򣬵ջӴɥʬȺǨɥʬв·ˡɥʬֺ󣬻ظǱտڲ¡ɽ죬ֳڻӡǿռȴö֮עµշƻ


346 ֲʦһӪ
ڵʵҪշ᲻еˣ
ֳ飬ǮЩɡ
⵹˵ɥʬ־Լ磬ǻȷǷǳΣյĵطΪĩǰϷ˿ܼĳ֮һ˿ںֹǧĩոжɵ˴ɥʬһ½߳˲٣ڻڵɥʬ»м֮ޣοԵĿɲֻͨɥʬиָɥʬ
ڳеĸӵҪԸôһɥʬɾԲǼ¡
ؼǣʮʿʣѾࡣػǿӦģսУǾˣ
ǿǵЩԭǮŶֳļƻЩš
гֳһۣЦʵôƻڼ
Ǯ˵ͷϵеȱģ֪ܳɫտѫڣ齨һֲ֧ʦӡԤսҲǰɣǣôҪոҪĿֲʦһ޴֡ǧǼ˭ûеףһܿ϶ǾҪ㹻ʱȥ齨еĿֲʦӣ֮ʱлոս
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ֳǮźȻʶԼһҪء
һֱΪϷĹٷҴ߻أӵľӺʳǣٶʳҲгһ졣һܻزռԽԽ١£Իʳˮֱ½ͬʱֽϲصʮҴߣһ֣ǼӴ˻صĺѹ
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ֳǮ˾֣õĵһϢûбɿˡ
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ⷬͬͷһˮ˲ͰǮ˸͸
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ڱϾĩտʼҸؾܽפʱˣ
û㹻ʵЩĽ׵ɥʬʧȥǽȫû
ǮȫˣҲ˵ļºܻܿбĴͻ򻦺ԮѰˣӦĻǼȣ϶СӦĻ֪Ҫ༸Ҵߣ
ԣҪ򣬶Ҫ죡
ֳᶨĵҴ߶Ǻ£ǲܳô˿ڻֻΪǶϽշҲǱҪġʱǿԳüҴߣȫָʳֻһ棬иʽĹǴͷ
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ֳ˰֣˵ҲôţټĻҪȫ⸴ܰ쵽¡ǵһʵʵαֲʦӪٿҲ١ҾãڻһƬͷϿֲʦСһսʲôʱαֲʦӵǧˣٿʼʽշҲ٣
ʵǸߵķ
Ǯ뷨һʮˣȻһսڳ׾ֳļƻóµʱշǰߣֳļƻɸʵãѶҲͣ
ʵֳ֤뷨ȷġ
ǾͷʮԵʣɱɥʬĿֲʦֻһʱ͸˻ϽеľҺֳһгöɫտѫ£ǷȲԱߵĿֲʦһӪ
עҪǵʷϵһ֧ⲿӣ
ǿֲʦ𣿡
ҸоˣȻֻǳһΣ
һȺαֲʦʿ˷ܵĻȸԾ˲̬Լĸоϧǣڻû䷢ʽװϻֲ̬û֧αֲʦӸͨҴʵҲû̫𣬳ֻ˵ǶһտҲƽ̨
ƽ̨Զͨ㣬ûмԴҲ죡
ϻͳ䵱һṩԴĽɫ֮ǰֳͨͨעöԷݵĻֲ̬ʸ񣬵ǸʱֻаСʱɫտѫ¾ͲͬˣϻͼɥʬõĻ꾧пܳսܣһ£
Ҫǿǣǰ߻ɱɥʬǵò꾧ģҲɫտ´αֲʦŵ㣡
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ôһȽϣֲʦӵŵʱ͹˳
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УֻɥʬĴڣ
ͨʿôɥʬҪһֽšǽսͻȻĻܻܿвСʧֲֳ֪ʦӵܹʲôز


347 ʮɥʬȺ
ֵǣǿֲʦһӪĳսҴ
һӪӪ½ƿӭɥʬȺ緢ĶսǰԱ֪ԼֳܳڿҪԼķɣֳ֤
ȫ嶼У׼
½Ƶɫտµαֲʦʿһ񣬶Ļǹ֡¼ֻɥʬǷɿ챼ЩҲû˿ĺºͶҡ
𣡡
ɥʬֻв׵ʱ½˿³ֵ˲䣬ԴĿֲʦʿ۶˰
һ˲䣬Ļӿ
ǹֵвɥʬοõǼװ˻׮ģӵǷͦǹͬʱ𣬼˲ͽǼֻɥʬ˺Ƭ
ںɥʬ͸ˣ
̼Ĺɥʬ̴ܼٵıըбһաȻϼʮмֲʦҲĻǿ٣뻮һĿֲʦӵȻСģսǱȲĿֲʦǼսĻֲʦӵܹ
ȻҲֳṩĻ㶹мϵˣҲܴпֲʦӵǿһ֧˵Ķ飬սܿһ֧й֮
ҪٻһȺɥʬɣ
ֳɥʬ񫣬ٸԼĿֲʦһӪһǿĶ֡ҵһҵɥʬ
Ӧòˣ
ֳһĵ˵ͷ
ЩѶȵĿǰֲʦһӪԾûֳʧ
½Ƶָ£ɫտµʿַǵĻƣɥʬεĵڰ⡣׿̸ǶԳֲʦʵҲԽԽϤսЩͨʿٲȻ񳬼ʿ
ǵıֳ֣ǮǶ⡣
½ƴӣӶʮмֲʦУһӪѾӵڻнվסŸǻǹֵĲǸ⡣ĿǰٻĻֻܳһʵڲеĻ˫㶹ˣĻеʱемֲʦͿԸṩֲ̬ˣ
ǮĻֲ֧ʦһӪȥڻĽǽΪոصӴƻһǹ
һ֧ӰԶĲӣȻصˡңֳҲѾֳ¡ֱ⣬ڻǵǿҪ£ֳòͷ̬ڽ¿ֲʦ齨ʱǻʿ
ҷģһܺǾͻῼ齨ڶֲ֧ʦӪ
һƬ

˵Ǯֳ֮ǰķһ㲻ȷеĻһ֮ݻصԮͳ֤ʵֳĻ
ݻأȻʡʡأҲһĴأӵвʮҴߡټϻظ߲㵱ʱѡַǰڻɱ˴ɥʬ˾ȻһмصĹģ֧ŵڡǣĽ׻صĳ֣ݻҲ֧ŲסˡʳһЩûҩزסɥʬģ
֮£ݻصĸ߲ľϲһ򻦺Ԯ
һ·ɥʬǵϮģСԮŶֻʣִﻦ⻹мֽ档õǴϢֳٿ˻ĸ߲顣ƾ֮ǰϲصݻѸٴ˾ԮЭ飡
ֻλֻһ˵ĲӣͬеĲȴ˿ֲʦһӪ
ȻֳԴӵļʮмֲʦ
ȻݻصãֳԼٶȷԮǸϵʱݻػǱˡֻĽɥʬֽ£ݻصľ˲أǽҲȱڡݻصľǰ˳׼һλǸ޴ۣʮҴ߱ͻصɥʬȾ
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ڣֳûЩžҴʧ
ǿĿֲʦһͶսѸ˴׷Ҵߵɥʬʿİ£ɢҴǿʼ£ɢݾбҲγɱƣЭɥʬĽ
ʵ˵һݻصɥʬ࣬ҲһٶûֻĽɥʬݻصʵϻġɾһֻƻߺһֻƿߣ׻ٵݻأ
ֳĳĩգ
ûĽɥʬвʣɥʬʿ𲽲ʳڼ١ʱݻصҴǲżʶ˻صʵǼ˿ֲʦǵǿ󡣼һ˲䣬ֳǾЩͨҴߣ
֪ɵĽɥʬֳǻصܳҲߵĳʱǶδһӳϣ
꣡
ܳ꣡
֪˭£ݻصҴǻ˳
һĻֳǼЩ˷ܣָеѹƿصĻֶ˶ʮˣЩӲζȨΣǸ˸ѹҿԤ£δһʱ䣬ѹӴ
δȡöԿɥʬʤѾֳĵ֮һ
ݻطغֳʼּӿֲʦӵ齨ڿֲʦСһٶ˺ͶһӪİ£ֳռҵĹ̵쳣˳ʱһȺģʮҵɥʬȺ֪Ǩ㵽̫ˮ򣬲ﲻߵ˼
ϢԱϱϢҲֲֳʦǵע⣡
ʮɥʬȺ
κһ˵һģɥʬȺĸ󻼡Ϊ˷ֹͻȻϮɽֳòӦԡУؼҲЧľǻ֮ϵֲλ
ӵڣǻ֮ĸ߶Ѿȵĳһʮˣϵǿڿֲ̬սֲλͳҲٸֳ˵ǸϢЩֲλֳԽǻ֮һǿսݣ
ݫҶ
˪㶹֣
Ͷ֣
ֲָ̬ﱻֲλֲʦָӾԷսǵĿǰɽٵԿɥʬΧסֳҲؼӴݫҶ⣬ǻ֭֮ҺγСˮ̶ֲֳ˯ṩ
ֳĴֲḻǻ֮ĸúֲλڣʮɥʬв£ֳǰһǿսݣǻֲ֮ļӳɣܹκ֮У
ЩɥʬȺջǷ̫ˮеɽ
ǻֲ֮λĵ죬ֻɥʬɵֵıԵʼûúʮڴ˵ɥʬȺǵصķɵɽϿաǵ̫࣬նڱΡκһϵҴ̧ͷܿѹѹĴƬɥʬиһЩȼߵıɥʬ֣
ӰᵽɽҴٵĵһսҪˣ


348 дս
ֲܳλȫʱԷ𹥻
ϵͨҴ߶ѾϣֲʦҲѼϣȫսܼһʮˣ
رսԱͬʣĻҲѾе£
һϢֳܵⳡս˸ӡ󡣹һ¼ʵֳ̧ͷ˿Ѿʼɥʬ񣬴емֲʦҵǻ֮
ǽǶԿɥʬǰߣ
ǻ֮棬ֲͨʦͻС飬ǽǵڶݶӵĳԱرǧͨҴߣڰȫĿǣֳʱûǼսĴ㡣֮ǼϣֻΪԷһЩɥʬĹƳԤĻ˵Ҳֻǲˣ
һӥ䣡
УɥʬȺ·˳ĺŽǡѹѹɥʬȺ·ڣȻֳһɥʬ񸩳ǻ֮ϵĿֲʦǷ˹
ǷŵĵطôʮɥʬȺֳ˵Ҫͷһ¡ϾɥʬĽҲ𽥸һЩʵĽɥʬѶԸǻڴȺɥʬг϶ܸǴСʧǻ֮ڣֳûаˣ
ֻվǻ֮һʮ׿ϣĿ¸ɥʬ
׵ľת˲ţ
ܿ죬ΪȷɥʬȺǻ֮ѾˡʱѾλýϸߵֲĹ롣˲䣬ֲλϵѾͼ綶ⷢһſܹиɥʬӵ
ʮֻɥʬ˲䣬ɥʬǵλã

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˲䣬ɢվϵĿֲʦǾ͸ѡýǶȺ򣬶ɥʬ𹥻Ϊ뻹Զ󲿷õĶֳǰгĻǹ֡ǿĻСģĻ汬ըԸЩܼɥʬٺò
ʱǻֲ֮λֲҲֵɥʬѹ
˪㶹֣
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ʳ˻
ʽֲﲻԼͬķ𹥻˴ɥʬǻ֮ޱǿĹ⻷ӳ£Щֲ̬˺ߵľˣվǻ֮ϵĿֲʦǸǺ飬ЩԼ԰ɥʬ񷢶ҵĽ
ȻɥʬȺҲǳصģ
ɥʬûĩǰСĽǶž޴ǰ̵³塣ڵһɥʬ˴İ׾룬ֳǵϷʮ׵ĸ߶ȡ
мֲʦԼЩ
Ȼֳ֪ݫҶϾûۼЩġɥʬͷӾѾвǴ󲿶ӳǵס׵İ취ȫ˵£ȻǧرսԱһս
֮ǰԸɥʬ񣬲ô
ܻһԸȺɥʬв˵ģ
ݫҶıֺܿд󶨡ɥʬӽЩҶ濰һһӵݫȫһѹ޺͵ĵϰֻɥʬ񴥲ŵݫҶһӵɳʮסȸߵɥʬͷ͵һָܻƽ⣬һЩʵɥʬֱӾͱһΣȻӿ˦
ʮֻݫҶһ䣬ǳǼ𺳣Щɲô˵ЩɥʬٶȱݫҶش
Ϊȷֻɥʬ֧ŵڵֻʣˣ
ӣըĴΧ˺ֲʣɥʬҲܿ챻µĻСͳĿֲʦûü֣ͱֳǽսҲûΪСʤһ¶ʲôɵı顣֪ʮɥʬ˵ղһֻ̽ԵĽģĹŸոտʼ
Ǳղŵʧ̼еɥʬһȦٶȷֳһʼ
һΣˣ
ʮɥʬֳͬʱӶ
֮ǰЩɥʬεɥʬʵҪǿһЩмֻɥʬɥʬ·ɫ״ӣϢֳɱУвɥʬ񱻹̶ֲλϵֲ̬ųץ˹ȥ
ܵУֲʦǵѹһӴ࣡
˵ղŵֲ̽ʦǻĻǾͿʼȫԸˡֲַ֣һ˺ֲλϵֲǹû꣬ǻ֮ܣϹͷǵֵɥʬϮЩֲƵһֱȥ
˴мֲʦǻ֮һ̱˲Ŀսݣ
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֮£Щɥʬеıвʹˡ
еĿֲʦվλûע⣬СƽŲ˼Աǡһֻɽ񣬼״һļײ˹ȥѡʱͽǶȼãȻܹݫҶıײмֲʦ
ϹսԾɸоʹޱȡңǱɽ쫷罫ϴȥǻ֮ϴԷͳ˵һˤĿֲʦˣ
ֻͷɽҲ˱ֳˡ
Ƴöӣըǰɥʬըֳɿǻ֮ƶŬѰŶԸֻɽĽǶȡܿһݫҶҵ˳ֵĻᣬһ𹽱ֳ׳նĢƺͳǻ֮Ҳһֵõġǻ֮ǿѸٷãֻɽȴڱըб˺Ƭ
սڼ
ĹɥʬȺһһķ𸩳幥ĻӦֳⲨʮеɥʬȻʣɥʬٷֳΣֳȵķɥʬı˹еģʽ
Ծӥ䣬ʣĶʮɥʬԴҩȻˮӿһȫУֻʣֻɥ
ô£
Щɥʬ񣬾Ȼˣ
ͷӰ仯£ֲʦע⵽㣬ɷ׷ױɫҪ֪֮ǰǲʮɥʬڲűһ롣򶨵ֳʮɥʬһȻΧҲ̲ס죬ȫս
ʱֳҲ˲ˡ
еڣ֪ЩɥʬıһֱĽԣͰڻнĿֲʦһӪҲһˡ
ڣԼЩҲ
ӵ󣬼õǧսԱ׷״׼õļ׹¶ͷ׼ɥʬ񷢶ϵɥʬ˶࣬ȫҪ׼ֻ׼㹻ˣ
СҲѸټսǵĳ֣󻺽ֳѹ


349 䶬
ֳ֣Ȼƴʦֻһ֮ңɥʬʱԾɲʹ
ʹȾϵԸܼȺʵ̫ˣһȼյĻȥмʮֻɥʬ񱻵ȼ󣬿̫ǿʼ˴˴ȾܿһһƬʮһ̼ͽ˴Ƭɥʬ
žžž
ζڿսɥʬʬͬˤԭɾǻ֮˶ĵĺڻɫʬɽ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ϵɥʬȺķ֮һĹģ
ǵĹĻǻ֮𺦣ٶȻٿ㣡
Ȼ˺òݻʿֵѸֱӳϵĿֲʦǡܿ죬ֻɥʬͷ˶ǻ֮Ľת˹
ѾֹһζԸɥʬǲţһкԱߵĳֲʦǰæһȵĲŻʼͻƻȻɥʬ̫£ȻôŬҲ©ģɥʬеıʵǵĵزԻѾ˼ĿԡȻܴᣬȴܹסȼգЩʿ
һҽУⳡսʼߡ
ϵֳܶԴ˺ܷŭҲ֪ʱҲûáԣֻŬԼŭתܵĻɱЩɥʬ
ڶҲ֣ܿȻǵĸ
Уֲʦ
ĩôãܻѶĵˡûסҴߣѪӿƴһЩð̽ӣǹϺɨǧ˵Э£ϵɥʬʼѸټ٣
ʮ
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汻УεĽһʣ಻ɥʬ񿴵²ΪŲвķˡ
꣡
ǿֲʦͨҴߣһȫ˷ܵĻ
ҲһЩɵһʮɥʬʤϲûЩ˺ֲֳʦҲͬ˷ܲѣЩɥʬ꾧ĸʲ󣬵һӻɱô࣬ľҲһĵˣ
ȫռֳ֮Ѿǰ齨ֲʦڶӪˣ
֮ǰӡǿռ˶һһȫµٻֲ
Ǵ繽һֲֽӡǿռĶһҼ۸ߴǧҪٻǰٻһ繽׼Ȼܳһֶڵɫֲܹͬʱ˷иʴЧĶ
ڴ繽ٸ죬˺ҲߣܹͬʱΧʮȵķ򡣿ôǿĹЧȴһȱݣǾֻд繽֮һ
ڽⳡսǰֳпޡһٻĵܴ󣬿Ȼǹֱ֣ȴ繽СҲûһɸղŽԼʮɥʬĳֳȻоĺôֲݫҶһιĿհʱ䣬һܶԸͬ߶ȵɥʬߴ£Ļ
´ԴȺɥʬ񣬿ֲʦǾĿڲˣ
ô˵ⳡɥʬսǽˡջ㹻ľҺֳ֯Щɥʬ֫壬ȻԼ˻أ齨ͬ˵ĿֲʦڶӪ
ۼʶһֲʦӵ󣬻صҲ𺳲ѡ
һ̣Ҳ˶ԹδΡֳ쵼£ǿȺ֯ʮ֧һ֧ĿֲʦӡʱǾͿһ֧ʵֲĶ̤ƽϵɥʬ
ڻͣһֳһصת״ȻԾѡȨ״̬³ĿֲʦڶӪֳһ˻䵱ոȷ档ʱԵҴ߳ɹץһֻĸ
Ϣڻ˼𶯡һЩ˽õġһûԹҴߵͿ̿ˮҪֻ˳ԡץֻĸҲôģĳҫɾ׼ʱѶʱϹֳĸ
ЦûɥʬȾĸɽֻԵģ
˭ƾʲôҡܡܳ
Ǹӱ𣬿һ̧ͷȴϳĸֳɾȵŴ͡ѲɣܳҲֻ
գһ۾󣬾ܲᣬǾҪøֳˡϾ˼ǻܳӵܵǿߣܵģ
һǧʳֻˣ
ֳҲøѿֱ࣬ӿԼļ롣
һǧ
ֻ֣˲ɾȵظһ顣ϾԻõԽԽ٣ѶҲԽԽֳֻ˵ζʲôȴ֪һǧʳԼ˵Ը㣡
ɽ
ӵİ壬ֳֻһǧʳĳŵ
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רǣϵҽأǶʮСʱţ
ʵֳ˵˽ǽ˹֮ǰֻ󹫼ֳ͸һҽһԱ⻹ڡֻɹԣֳ׼䱸߼İ׼Ϊ˲ڳ⣬ֳһ˻ǿҺ
˵ֻĴѾʡظ߲ı׼
ļʱ䣬ֳΪ˾ҶŬɱɥʬеʱʩǮޱʱߵʮһµʱֳȻоһ㲻ԾտʼʱûӦɲԾĶһֳܺźȻʶԭǽˣ
ŵĩǰʮһ·ƺҲ˸ʱ򣬽ġǣһ֮ǰ¶Ȼʮ߰˶ǻһͿʮȣĶȣ仯̫Щ
ȥͨҴѾ˺ʵëºסһЩû׼µܵǻ֮ĸ·һС磬¶ԾˡԽĻĿȾԽ
罵£ӦǵˣҺܻɣĶ᲻ȥһ䣡ڵĻƿҵֳǡ
ĩһöӶˣѾ˾֪¡ƿôһ˵ֳȥ궬죬ɽϵǳıѩԼһȻȹΣĸȴΪ׼ûˣǽôһѩ
뵽ֳɫ΢΢ˣҲҪ׼ˣ
ϸ˵ɽáһȦֳֻزҪġҪ׼㹻ʳ£סⶼǻǷȱĵط


350 ɫж
ʵϣֳֻע⵽ǡ
ϳŵʱһ𣬻صĸ߲ǾʶһµΣҪˡ
ȥĶ죬ǳѩûضǧˣ⻹ʮҴ߱ˡ⻹Ҫ׼ĺãΪϷĹٷҴ߻أʳʲôĶȽϳԣĻأ¶˵ĸ࣡ˣǳµıѩͣʱĸ߲ȫһ
£ǳѩŹ˲һʱ䣬·Ŀ¶ȼ½ǿȿǰ߲ǲò¿䶬⣡
Ҫ㹻ȡůȼϣ
ȥĶ±ͲֱһЩڱ׼ЩϲݻصĽҴߣǼʲôﶼûУ
û̫ǰסûסȫ
ϣһҪĽ鱻߲˳
ǣЩ˵ףҪʵʱˡҹػصֳڻҵףЩЩɨһʮ߲߰ڴԱ׷ʵȡůȼϾҪ٣Ķ¾Ҫж˻סҪһ֣
ʱúڴƿԣȻǶԴҲ̫
ֳһе㲻ĵΪڴĹԱǵĹǸЩھȻһ㶼֪ȥϽȥ壬ֻȰȱڸǲһӦԼƻ
ǣܳ
ڴ͵͵Ĩ˰ѺϽӦֹƺǵֳ
ע⵽˵ı飬ֳʼ磬ʲô˵ˡ
ظĵ˵ͷǺڴĸƽʱһЩͳƷݣҼ⡣
ֳ˵ͷʾ
ڴĸҲֱӿڵȡůȼϵ⣬Ҫȡڽ쵽ж䣬ԼǷжꡢǿѩȼǻȻרңĩѾһǰȻͬԤҲ޴̸ûһɿжݣȡůȼϵѰգ
ʵĺڵϣֳһᣬͰȥǸģ׼ɣаϵĴģѩ
˵ͷȻˣǻܿͳƳһ֡ڽȱϣһȼͼҲռһաҪȼȡůĻһ̫˷ѣҲʵԣܿǵľֻʣľĺú̿ˣ
ֳ룬ʵȡߵ׶أ
Ȼǹ⣬Ҳգĵľ׵õģֻǵͻͺܶˣٴģֵĻ»㡣ú̿Ļۿںߵ·һЩú̿ɢء˵ҵú̿ĵطǱ֣
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ôһ˵ֳǰһ
ıּ˭˲֪˵ֲǧ֣ôһһĸҵ䳧ڿ϶дú̿ȫĻܹ֧ǼҴ߶ȹ죡
ǲּ֪ŵú̿жٻڡ
ƺǿֳĹǣЦЦ֮ǰǻҪҴռȼͺʳĻ治ࡣú̿ռظûãֻоһճڱֵĻӦûкܶú̿ڣ֪гһҪһǧú̿ƽһҲҪ֣
ôࣿ
ֳûעⷽ棬˿̵֪֣־ϲԾǣҵú̿ϲǣȻÿ춼ҪüúĳôҲóú̿ɣ
һ뵽ʮúֿɵãֳЩ˷ܣ
ȻˣǾͷľģרռú̿ɡϲùֳİ˾
ȼ󣬶µԼ򵥶ˡĩǰôˣڲһ࣬µӦöڡֻҪðռӺ̳ĵطҵԼƵĻǾ鷳ˣҪִĻ㹻ĵ
ڽ췿ݣҪש顢ˮࡢֽʲôġһ¶ĽĻ϶ˣֻдõĲܴպáֻߣǸɴҵˮ೧Ҥ豸Լ
һȫָһ·ո
ҪֱǲԣҪ˷ʱ䡣ֳһݵİ취ǷܾȫһոȫУ
ֻҪ»ǲܰߵļǱɥʬвܵõ豸ʡܴ󲿷Ѿܻܹõġֳȿֲʦӳǧ˺ͼıһշڣͻȻĽҪˣ
ǲںǰշƻɾҪϵ꿪
⼸µı仯Ľɥʬ϶࣬ʱǵвҲ󣡸Ҫǣĩ˭Ҳ˵׼δᷢʲô׵İ취ڿԤڵʱɹ⸴׳٣
ʱ䲻ˣֻһҲ˵
뵽ֳҸ˻֮ҾȫĻո֮ս
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ĸ߲ȫ𾪵Ľ˳н˶Щʧ̬ˡ
֮ǰҲֳ֪շļƻǼαֲʦӺĿֲʦʵǣȴû뵽ֳô١˵ҪȿֲʦǧԺշô
ƺûóֵ׼ıЩɡ
أΪûôʱˣ
ֳһ仰˵ǣ˵ļᶨ̬ø߲Ǳ͡˵һĵĻսǿֲʦֲǡʵΣգҲ޹أ
û˷ԵĻôˣ
ǳĬֳרȨһѣҸºո֮ս˸֣кɫж
ӡƺǺɫϷһս֣˳˹ϣɫָΪոɥʬֲʦǲΪ֮Ѫ
ƶƻʱ󣬻غɽæµΪһһ䣬ǣΪɫжȫŬеĿֲʦ˳ȥʼȫȡҡҲ֯Ӻ־ԸߣʱϿֲʦշҽõĶȫա
齨ӡ־صշ˳ҹķغͷ͸
Ŭռ꾧Ŀֲʦûֳʧܿ˴ҡֻǣֳҽЩȫһɫտѫ£ҪкܴһһֲӡϻȵߣַԱڹؼʱ̱⣬Ϊ˵ʱӵĸֳ֣ϧѼӱĴ۶һһƿŨҩ
ǮԸձһм˶μͻƣһҪ˶ΣֳȵĴ߻߽׿ֲʦ
һշ֮սʱ߽׿ֲʦ֣𵽾Ես
ʱһţͻƵʱֳҲ˳׼ǰշս


351 ʷԵʱ
ĩĵڶ꣬ʮһʮա
ǱȽϺõˣȻ¶ȵ£ҲСⲻڿֲʦ˵һʮɷԼս
һٶֲʦųӣ˷ܺͼᶨ
ǳһǧһαֲʦӡЩαֲʦӪȻֺһţ˿̣һɫװֳ·Ļǹ֣ҲϹսշսΪ˾ܵļǵ϶ֲӡƬӣըɴǿǵܡ
Ϊ˴ճôľңֳµĿֲʦҲǽ߾ȫܱߵɥʬɱ˸⣡ڣΧڣ˻ѾҲεɥʬˣ
֮£жӳڻͨҴ߾ûôˡ˵ɱȽ䣬ವ绹ڲʱࡣǣÿ˶ûбԹǰվŻܳһжƻ
֪ʲôÿ˶ڴţ
ĩЩҴ߾̫ʧͲпᣬѾľôһһ졣ǣֳĳָıһСǿĿֲʦǿ˶ԿɥʬؽĿܡһ̣ﲢûеףȴԸðոЩֲʦȥһ
ŵ
ֳ¡ĸ߲ȫװʱĸϵＯϡ
һ̣һǧֲʦ⣬ҵľ񲿶ӣԼͨ־ԸߡһоһƵġнɫͼƷֳǰͬװǮԸա
ֳΪȫֲʦͳһƷ
αֲʦʿûɫƷֲʦƷϵǻҰɫͼ꣬мĿֲʦɫͼ꣬¸꾧ɫͬ
ܳ
ֳ֣Ҵǲɻ
ֳ֣˸ҵĻ˺ôһӿȥʱˣֳվʱ̨ϣһʵĽ
ͬǣεĻֳܳ
һǰͻȻĩ˶ֲһ˲䣬Ҵ߾ͱɥʬȻнӹһٵģҵļˡͬ£ʶĻ߲ʶģҲЩɥʬ˺ҧȾҴʮֻɥʬǵĽǵĴԽѣʱʱɥ
Ȼӵڿ˷һĿѣҴδ͹ͷΣɥʬҲ⣡ֱ޾ɥʬ׷ɱĸо˾ԾڼֶŬĻֲʦĳ֣ǴҲӵ˸߽ɥʬսӴˣĽɥʬҲþ£
һֱɥʬսĩ˵Ž˵ոҲǵʹΣÿ˶ǡڽ죬ʮһʮߺţ׼ҪԻոս
һ̣ҿԸߴңκθвǼ԰ģǵ飡һ̣ҲܸλҲãϲҲãϵرҲãоǴ˵ļ԰һ̣ʷǸдڣҺʹһ֤ʷԵʱ̣ոеĺɫƻʽ
Ļ˼޷ѵĻ
꣡
꣡
ոط԰
һĿںУֲʦǺ;ĲϳԤļƻ
ɫжȻʼζսϾͽ߳ǵỺأֳͻĲı飬ÿֲʦƵļζ﷢ͨ˼ζǽɱ뱦ɽȻɱƽ
Ϊ˲ڳðľ˸ں棬ΪӪ޽ʱݺӪأ
ܿ죬ڿֲʦһſнʱƵʿ־Ը߾Ϳʼ޽Χķݵ㡣һɥʬķˣֲʦǾͿ˳˻ݵ
Ѿңңڵ۴αȵĽˣ
ô˵ľۼټϴ͵ҵɥʬĽ̶̰СʱɥʬǾ½߻۹տʼʱ򣬻ֻһЩԵλõɥʬڵɥʬȺ֣
ʿɲǳصģΪشճľºͨɥʬͱֻеɥʬȺʱǲŻŽֲʦǴܿ죬Χķ߾ͳɹαֲʦֲʦǵĴ£ʼ뻦
һʼƶĲԾǼлƬΪ˱֤Чʣһϻֳ
ֲʦӪݶӵķʽʼͷƽƣ
һʮֲʦҲֳС飬ֳǮԸյָȫ̸߽׿ֲʦһĿֲʦȻĽɥʬϮҲлֵ
䣡䣡䣡
ǵ룬ɥʬϮԽƵαֲʦʿҲʼҵĻǹֱһ࣬ɥʬϴ̴ٵıըɥʬƽʱĿֲʦҲϧԼӣըЩɥʬϮȫˣ
ڵһߵĿֲʦȫĻؾ
ֲʦǸҪɥʬһЩȵط⻹ɥʬɥʬЩ©ĹǸ
ھĺ棬־Ըߺͳӡ
ǰߣЩͨ˵İȫˡҪǨȫһõĶȻͳͳػءȻɴշкֱסİȫվ绦ظߣջǱˡ
һʱ䣬ڳһĻζһȻ龰һߣֲʦǸɥʬչս棬ҴǰҲæĲֺÿ˶ھԼΣ
սСʱ󣬿ֲʦǾݵϢʼζ
ѾΧ޽Ĺ̲Ӻ־Ը߿ʼһģСĻ֧ԮݡһֻƽȻ鷳ȴ㹻ȫңıݻܳ䵱Ϣתվ·ĿֲʦҲҪ˴˽ģڸ¥ĳڣͱӰͨѶ޷ʹáֻרűŵʿرܣڻ֧ԮϢͨ
һӪչ˳Ⱥɵ˲ʮֻɥʬ
ڶӪչ˳δģɥʬϮԭͣȴѾȣ
ӪȺɥʬϮĿǰսУ
ͨĽ·ߡҲǵڶӪֳܹ˳ȫ֡ϺĻֳ̬ܹȵĸݾƽչȷ·ĳһ·¾
ֹһ磬ֳǲǰʮ
ΧҲԲˣУ˵һӪһֻ޽ӽĽɥʬĹϮ⣬·˳һӪֻҲĽףֻǸǮһ鷳Ǳܿ


352 
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ҹɥʬǵ£ӵĻֳӵٻ·ƻҲûܵõԵŤתԣֲʦǲûѡð׵˻
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е˶𣿡ʱݵֳ̽ͷ˿ĺڰȻѯԸա
Ը׼гĵҰȷˣڣֲʦһǱҲϢһ˶٣ǳĸһЩ
Ǿͺã
ȻԼȫսֳҲͷˡ
ܳڤ첽˽еԤֶζѾǵǰͲ˳ļǽ·ϣܼƳǧöף⻹㹻ʾݰңĹ̦޺ҲѾϣ
ܺã
ֳĵ˵ͷôһƵķǿ԰Ȼȹҹˡ
֪ҹˣһĸ¥ûںɫĺУʱݵĻбԽֻҹ紵ʱ򣬲ڳеĳɥʬĺС
Ϊɫƻĵһҹֲʦ˭ҲҴ⣬һĿֲʦǽ·ƻǻ谵ĹâԼְ©һֻɥʬǵһЩ⹽ڽΪЩսһĿֲʦǲ
䣡
ʱԶεɥʬףЩǵɥʬ˶ʱݵûκвֻǵıըѲٿֲʦٲ˱Թһͨ
ʵֳ˯ߵҲԽԽ١ǳǳ˯Сʱֳ;ͷʮʱŲ賿㣬ú󷽵ͨʿĸɾˮԴ˰Ȼ߳ʱݵ㡣
һ紵˹ֳʱһ
վھݵߴĿֲʦֳϽȻ˳㱨һҹʵҲûʲô˵ģĹ̦޺Ч治ĸ֪ɥʬ⣬ɥʬû߷ϰҹİ¾ôģʱƣ°ҹεɥʬҲԽԽࡣ
䣡
ıը𣬺ܿ죬һģǧҵɥʬͻ˾ݵĵȻ󳯾ݵ˹
ֲʦǷֲԣǹֶɥʬǻôһһ޴ĶˡҲ˯ţ׷ӿʱݵ棬ʱ׼ͶԿɥʬսУ
°ҹһֱ賿㣬ʱݵڶ϶սжɹġʱļս˺󷽻ķߣЩͨʿҲʵһڣǵɫҲÿֲʦǵѹʱС࣡
쿴Ⱥɥʬ
ʱһõĿֲʦͻȻ˳ָķֳȻһһۿߵɥʬȺ΢΢׵⣬ֳжһɥʬ˵Ҳʮ
ȫ嶼У׼
ֳߺһ·ͬʱǺĿֲʦһҲһս
ıը𣬴ʱֵ
ôĹ̦޺ڣҲɥʬˡЩԻĵĻɫһ˷ܵ˹ڿֲʦĻȴǰһݵ׵ľ·һߣܶɥʬǿ
ֱһֻѪɫĹɥʬȺг
ĽƻߣҼл
ʧȥǰֻɥʬڻֻ׸ߵѪɫɥʬԼΣһߵαֲʦ˳һЩмֲʦָ£Ĵ˶ѡתǹڣ
ǿĻȻĽƻҲԵֵ
ǼӲһʱܳŵסǾ޴ĻȴÿһޱȼѣǣߵͨɥʬȴĽƻṩ˴ͶӲ޾ĹߵɥʬͶ˹żĺХЩɥʬĽƻһӳʮףֱӷɵ˾ݵ·
صֻɥʬƺûӦһϧžһŻ㶹ӵԴ
ԼӹȥɥʬžͲˣĽƻƺЩйܿͼµɥʬǶɥʬãؾͱɵӹһֻɥʬͲӡֳʱ֣һٸɵֻֻĽƻߵֶҲˡֳҲսǱɵ׳ö꾧
ʮӺⲨɥʬȫ⡣
ֲʦɿͣʼһˣ
ⶨļƻֳǽ콫ս߹ȻҪ٣ǵĸѶȷ󡣿ֲʦҲҴ⣬һóԼȫʵ;ϸÿһ䣡
ʱ䣬ǳ˶Լζ
ľӺ־ԸѾȫʼϵͳĶֳ£ʼ˶ԱɽĽ
һ·ɱ˼ζɥʬֳͷֶ˴ѵľҡζţαֲʦҪˡҲǵʱֳŷɫտѫҲƵģֻǴٶԶӶѣ
Ŀǰ˵ɫտˡ
ڼζɽɥʬƺһЩαֲʦԾɷֳ·ƽܿɱ˻صĵطּŵ
һƬԿĵط˱⣬һЩҵ
½ɥʬֳԴһЩֲʦ˱ּšǿ˴¶ʯﻹи¯ֲԼһЩƷֳֻǼ򵥿һ۾ʹ߹עȫ˱ִú̿¶쳡أ
ɫúѻһɽ
ӿɽɽϿֳоеСĿɽȻֹôһмʮ֣
Ը𺳵Ĵ˰죬Ȼǰһ鿴˿ɾϲĵõĵú¶ɲˣȡůٺò
ֳҲΪϲЩúǴ󻺽˻ӭӼ䶬ѹڣӦòΪȡůȼ϶ˣӦÿǵνЩú̿ȫȥ
ʱ򣬱ֱֲʦ˵ϢѾ˺󷽡ܿ죬ͨʿͺڴ˾͸˹ֳһտѻú̿ɽ󣬺ڴĹԱҲǾȲѡľϲǾͿʼѸٵؿ׼⼸ɫúɽ
⣬ֵ豸ҲǼֵǡֻǣǵЩ豸ӴͺרҵԣһʱҲû취ߣֻʱǲֿѾұõĴֲĲԸú̿һߡ
ڴȫӹֳҲͷĵĴ˼ɨĿꡣ
Ѿɨ˽ǻĺԶɥʬܼսҡҲǼֵĵط


353 ȫ⸴
ʮһ¶ʮյ磬Сꡣ
ӺɫƻʼѾһڣмѺͷֳڰѻΧɥʬһաڣֲͬʦǽεİΧҿʼȦӣ
гһʮɥʬ
¶߶ȣټСʼûͣ¶ȼ͡·ʪʿǺܿ͸о̹ǵĺ䣬ٱһ˶ɱпܵġ֮£ֻݻжȫΧѾȫĽСͨ־ԸߣǸֻܻصǼ͡
ԾɱֹƵģֻʣֳµһʮֲʦαֲʦһˣ
ʵ˵ֳҲԸɥʬǣһͣ¶ȻøͣѩʱԽĶӣľȫˣ
ԣֻҪֳܼ֣ϣԼܹһ˻ɥʬ
΢СʱСһЩݫҶֳ̧ͷ˿죬ȫ
ɥʬǸֲʦս
ڣԼһʤֲʦѾûлɡǹĵⳡսãֻḶҪ֪һܵʱڣ߽׿ֲʦ򣬲սĿֲʦˣнʮαֲʦ½ɱ߱Ⱦ
ΧսˣĵһսҲԲɡ
¹ԼСֲʦȫ˾裬СĵĳǰȥʱֵĴȺɥʬһСģսĻСģսĻս
ΪĽɥʬͻȻֳ֣ûһ֣ǸЩֲʦмʱ䱸šСȻǶģûСʱһֻĽʳ߾ͻȻһ¥һмֲʦ˹ȥ
Сģ
Աߵͬоԣʱĳʾ
ϧĽʳߵٶ̫졣Сֻû꣬Ľʳ߾ѾһȷƽˡֻĽʳߵĺ棬мֻɥʬҲץסᣬһ⸽Ŀֲʦ𹥻
ò˵Ϲսĳּı֤Щֲʦǵȫصʱ̣Ľʳ߶ϵֲʦûţѸٵӣסԼͷλϹսı֧ŹǰֵĽֻҪ͵Ϯ֣мֲʦҲһ㻹֮ûеģΧĬͬ飡
ңԼֻܳλ߼ֲʦѸٹԮȵģ
֮ǰһܣΣѾֹһݣֻùĽɥʬƻϹս˶ȵͷԮȫˣ
ֲʦҲ⣡
ǡӦһܿ죬ʶΣյļͬͱһţһߺһ߽ԱĽʳȻٶȣҪƼмֲʦַ治¾ܰ쵽¡ңЩֲʦҲвӵٻȻ󹽵ЩɥʬҲĽʳʵͷۡףΪʲôЩͬ԰ԸԼ
ôݽֵʱ䣬ѾֳϹˣ

ֳֵһαͱסֻʳߡȻ˵ֻĽʳջûӹһ٣ֳͬ˳
ò˵ĵɥʬеֲ
ֳԸաǮǾȻ½ֻĽɥʬǻʿո֪Ҫ˲ܹңǰǻ㹻ЩĽɥʬ䵥ģûֽǣֳµʧͣ
ȻֳҪԵĿɲֹЩɥʬڻǻ½ɥʬèɥʬȸʽɥʬｻ֡ߣһЩǴӻ԰ӳĶҲɥʬ󡢱ɥʬܵȹ￴ȥͲǣֳ¿Ƿ˺ô½ǣ
ɴǹ⸴ȫеʱ䣡
ĳٻʤĽŲһȶĽӽֳǰɥʬԽԽ٣ĽɥʬûгֳֹսǷϷ֮Ĺò˵ֳܺáĲûеֹԣֳʣɥʬ󣬳˻һֵϣ
ֻҪɥʬζŻȫ⸴ֲʦʷΪһ֧Ҫʷ̨
֪Ҫ壬ΪȵĿֲʦǲûǵȿֲʦȫԱִſʼˡ
ֵ㷱һ·ϵľƵù⣬һģСܵ˵ȽϸӡѾսû˻ɥʬõֳɺ󣬿ֲʦȿֺĳ˽ȥСģʽʼκɥʬ
Aȫ
Ƶ갲ȫɥʬʮֻ
ϣ
ȫֲʦǵŬ£һȫϢѸٻ㼯һֵİȫոźɫƻѾȡʵϵĳɹܻڿ϶һЩ©ɥʬ̫٣ѾƲκηˣ
ܳɣֵɥʬѾȷϱ𣡡
ڤһļֳ˻㱨֪Ǿͽ֤һؽǵʷϵʱ̡һ죬ĩ˺첻£ǾոһɥʬռĳСңеĹģޱӴĻ
ʮ£ǲǧ˾ˣ
һ뵽еĿֲʦﶼŨŨԺ
лǵŬ
˿ֳ̣ҲǼѡ
һԼһ·ĻֵɼĶԷжӵ·һͨԣһ̣ҲĳʲôշأȫҴߵ롣ȻԻ͵ʤҵЭͼսŵȡáûǣûл⼸ɥʬʬ壬ӲкɫжʤͻĹ⸴ԣЩֵܺ¶
꣡
ܳҲΪЧң
⸴ˣؽȡʤ
ֲʦǷЩʧ̬ͷһЩ׵ϡ
ѶĻҲ֤һĻ
֪ѾıոЩҲ̲ס¶ϲɫ׷׻˴ǱʲôĻɣھȻ͵͵Ĩᡣ󣬲֪˭ͷ쿪һǹʿҲ׷ѧһǹأ
ʤϢڷɿĴţ
ܿ죬زս򲿶ӡƴᶫĳ˾ָӵȵԱ֪˻ȫ⸴Ϣٺʼغڹ㲥ǰҴҲڵõѾõĽݱ
ɫжԲɣ
й⸴
˼ϢǰѾʲô޷ֹĵĻȡҴԷ˳ð߰˶ȵĵ֯һ֧ӴĻӭ飬׼ӭӻʿͿֲʦǵĿ


354 ʤನ
⸴ˣ
ΪɥʬռһԺ󣬻ڿֲʦǵԡѪս³ɹ壡
ⳡһܶսķǾ޴ģϵһշĳģĳСңڿֲʦǱֳǿʵշսʧ΢΢˵֮ǰҴǻܷؽлɣھʹ󶼼ᶨģ
ԽӴĿֲʦڣؽȡյʤ
ʤϢܿ촫أҴߵĻ춯ءʮҴӿأ׼лʽҴԷ֯齨һ֧ĳǰ׼ӭӿֲʦʤأ
ĸ߲Ҳ׼ӭʤصܳͿֲʦǡ
ɹո˻أֳĸȻǵһ˼ĵز˵֮ǰиֳ߲ӡеģոأֳһӱˡںڰ;ѹ̫õʶľ͸ֳ˾ģ壬ֳԼ϶ܣ
֪˾޴ѹ⣬Ҳмôġǵ˲ıнļ𣬶ֳҲ˲پηͳ֮ġ
Ͼƾʵһǧαֲʦ¼ɥʬĻ˵ȥҲ̫ˣ
ۼ֤ҲǾԲŵģ
ֲ꣡ܳ꣡ʦ꣡
գֳǿĶԷӭӵҴ߳ڰˡȷ˳˵ݺЩҴǱòϢĻԾС꣬ܽǻȵģ
Ļӭڶֲʦǻе㲻˼
ûӦݵת䣬֮ǰڸɥʬսת۹ͱ˻ӢۡȻҲвƤģųҴǻֻ񣬶ʱһ󻶺Ҵ̫༤ֳǲòʱͣһ󡣲һӺ󣬿ֲʦǲǵĴӵ³ؿȥ
ȻڻصȴǵһģĻӭʽ
и߲ȫӭأĿյϸʮҴߡһЩĲõ취һЩС죬衣һʢĻӭʽ˺üСʱڶвβ
ϣصĺڴҲõָ˼˫ʳ˭Գ˳ԣףĹ⸴ֱֶˣ
ڿֲʦǣȻֳļ¸߲һһٷʢ칦硣ܼС˸ĩǰľޱȣŵѷڣѾǷǳѵˡҲǲշ˻ִɽŪ˲߲ˣôһˣ
Ϊǵʤɱ
ֳ£е˶˾ƱȻһĻƬҲǷΪĩءҲҪӰ֮һ
עߣ

ڶʮ㣬ֳŴӴ
ѾԶԶԽļޣڻսһܶʱ䣬ƣúõϢһҹ״̬ܵºָܿ۷塣
æϴ˷ֳʼԭ˾İ칫æ
˻ڵɥʬζͿ෴ģļ컹һѵĺȥδĶλָЩĿͻҪͶתԼЧ֯Ӧȥ䶬
һ⣬ֳͷۡ
ֳԼ֪׿̸ܲĻȷû㹻ıµ˳һҴߵӴءڣ㹻¡˻ԭĹԱ⣬ֳԼɽ˲ٵĸǸŲ룬Աֳ׼ȷոˡ
ЩڣֳֻҪһЩؼԵľϵͷסµķ㹻ˡ
󲿷Ѿ㶨ֳǰҪֻʣΰȻȹ䶬
ڴӻıֳõ㹻ú̿ԴȡůѾϲ⡣ĺڴͳԱʡŵõĻ⼸ʮú̿ѾܳҴǵҪˡңڻܴպǻȥĸۿͷҪĻתվȥ棡
ڶ£ͳƣǵȱһٰʮҡң⻹ûм滻ÿһ滻ֻҪٷ
ڣɹ⸴𽥰˳ͲѾԲȱڡһѾúõСͳ³ҲѸͶҲõġ
ʳ⣬Щѹˡ
߲ǵ㣬ռʵҵصļսʳ⡣ڱĻãʳ϶û⡣ֻǣ⼸ʳĴģҲ͹µķݶʡŵĻҲ֧Ź졣¾бĻҪ룬ĻܾĳԽˡ
¶ԽͣҲ϶꣬ʱתɽѩһĸӼˣؾǨҲˡֳţһڻûбĻؼĻһֱ꿪϶µĻز뻦ˣ
ҲҪľס⡣
Ļ⿿Ҫ˵ġȥʱ򣬻ػûôˣҲ㣬Ҷ˺öࡣһӶ˽Ҵߣѹ»󡣻ĺڴô㣬ֶмʮҴסϷӡ
ǣ뻦أʱסĽ
Ļס϶⣬ûлطʩ;ıȫ϶Ǹ⡣ڻرһգǼ¹ȥˣ϶ɥʬεȥΨһĽ취ǣⲿҴǨƵɽϣ
̫ػûǨ뻦صʱɽϾʮ򽫽ʮҴߡȻдƬׯں߲ˣװʮҴԾɲ⡣оǣһսֳٶȶ˴Ļ꾧Щ꾧ֳԹǻ֮ר÷ϣȻӿǻ֮
ɣһ߶ȳԽĿǰߵĽʢ֦Ҷʮƽĳסˣ
Ҫֲ֪λ⣬ϿԴ䲢Һ㶨¶ȵģЩ޵ؿסҴ˵һ㣡
ֳѾƴ۵Ĵ߻ԿԽǻ֮ĸ߶һƵ׵ĵزڵ⻷Ӱ췶ΧҲһ֮졣Ψһǣֳ㽫ɽһֲʦʥءлᣬ뽫ԭеͨҴһǨ
ȻбҪģĩڣֲʦѾʵγһԽͨ˵ײ㡣ԾάĩǰƽȣʵѾܣ󲿷ֲֿʦҲԽ־ԵƽȣΪӵԣרڳһƬʥбҪģֳڸ˽ʱֶһ룡
ᵽֲʦܲȫĵطסǾ͹Թɣ
ڣǨļƻûִУҪϼˡ
ֳԥһᣬǾôȻҪȸǽʱĸǨ£պĻٽͬϵԭɽ˵ͨҴһǨػ


355 ѵʱ
ֳǸжɵˡ
ֳûйԥܿӡǿռһ˴ǻ֮ר÷ϡһݷϵļ۸ߴǧپңЧȴģܴӿǻ֮
ļ죬ɽϵҴǾ;ȵķ֣Ĳ·˴ҩƵģʼƴСʱͷ·ָһأï֦ҶӳʮֲֿٶȣǴ۽ͬʱҲԿֲʦʵ˸ѵʶ
ɵֶҲĪڴ˰ɣ󣡡
Ѳ߹ȥرԱÿ̧ͷ̲ס̾Ƕ̶һʱ䣬ԼƤ³˽ף𺳸ԡ
ʱ䣬ֳڻջľҴͶУ㽫ǻ֮ĸ߶סڣʷϿǰĳѾɽĵر꣬Զ̫ɽŵһ˶һֵȻݣԶرҴߣ
ǻ֮ͣĪȫõϹ˻ѹ
׼Ѿֳ֪ͨأǿԽ޵ؿסҴ͹ˡʮƵҴ飬ԭеɽסȻЩڼʶ겻˼ǻ֮Ҳ¶ޱȵ𺳺;ȡǵ֪ԼϾסʱָоЩ죡
סϣôߵôȥ
⣬пָ֢
˵ҲףһҪˤˣ˵ԽߵĵطԽ䣬סҪˣְŶ꣬ôôůͣ
֮ǰĳ㿴С˵һΪֻħС˵ľסϡû뵽ҲһѾ񫣡ô簡
һȺ۷׷ףǡ
ֳר˸ǽһǵǾͱˡ
ĻЩ͵ֻҪĻȻͻᱻȥ᲻һǲܵġҪ֪԰ıƿɲǰ׽еģȻݵɴ㹻ҾҲԶǾ¶ȵĻ͸õˣǺܿͻᷢļ紺
˽ŵЩҴΪʲôǰɽǵĸˡտʼʱ򣬲˶żֵĺͻɣǿ̤ʵסˡ
ֳȰźõ˱šǼǣЩҴ߿ʼ½Լļҡ
Ǳкĵġ곬ǻ֮һҹûҴܰȻ˯ǺĿҹϵ·ƻǵ֬ζһΪλá֮£סµرҴҪһЩҲʧˡ
ǻҪʱӦ
סҲʲôãַʳҪʱͱˡĿǰҴƽÿ춼Ҫܸ߰ˡһЩͦ˼ģȵĶࡣһЩʹ˾ͽܲˣٲҪͷϼ졣ԣǻ֮ûһӴеķǰס滹ֻǸȨ֮ƣ
Դˣֳûʲôġ
һжڷչУ֪δãϾһԲӣ
֮󣬻شϢ˵ĹѾȫֳе㲻ģԹȥӲһˣų׷ȻͷȥĶ䣬ЩƵ׼ȹ䶬Ӧò⣡
Ĳ
ڼйĹԱֳϧԼĿ佱ұʾԿǸӡ
ɫж󣬿ֲʦڻصĵλӰѾﵽһǰĸ߶ȡǼִеĹԱõֳŵһϲϽֳġͬڵصͬʱҲٲЩĽֻǣҲֳͷһ档ζֻҪŬһҲгΪֲʦĻᣡ
ܳΧѲߵ˽һ֧ӣ˵Եϻصģ
һźµʿСҵֳһתϢ
ϻصˣ
ֳ΢΢üͷǸط뻦ĺԶ˼ҼȻǧˣҲҪԼһ档
ֳӲ죬Ȼż½Ӽ˵ϻصˡ
һ·ɥʬԵʣϻسӵĸһƣ;ʮ꣬ټͷż¶İͷȥԵòϡļᶨͳȴ˵Ĳû˻һͨϾˡ
ٽϣ򻦺˾
ӵ˵һ룬εͣΪԼϤĻ˾ˡ߲пȥģ׵λƫƫһʮ꣬ٽΪˡλ꿴ȥҲȲǳˣôͣôɾҲްɣ
˵߳ԽӼ
λǻصܳҲԭȵ˾ְλֳٽģͬĲıֳָָվ˳Χ
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ıĻٽԴһɣǰ˾ټĻص˾Ц𣿱˵Ŷʮͷͷһʮ꣬ҪƿϷĻҲ˵㰡
ǣɻɻΧ̬࣬ȫЦ
һᣬٽ̧ͷ˿ֳȵķ֣ɵĿ⣬ֳеȻţƫƫûа߶ҡһˣ
ͷֳ˸Ȼϻأٽ񣡡
ֳ˵ͷǾˣȻûֻʾÿȻٽΪˣ
ֳϻضҲǸϲػݻһסɥʬĽˣԲ򻦺ԮֳֻĲ²⣬ûֱô˵
֮ǰ˵ϷǿĻءһ·Ȼνٽû˵⣬ȿһͨǾֳᣬҪЩ˵ɡ
ס
ֳֹ̧ĵΪ˵ĻôҾûҪˣ
ҵĴֳԶĳ죬ٽ֪Լ˵ˣʹϴ˵Լ⣺ʵҴװ׳ӳǰϻؾѾȺɥʬĽˣ᧿Σ
Ȼ
ֳЦȻ϶ϻؾԮġԮδ̫ʱˡǵԽǿˣ¶Ѿ콵ʮȡȻת磬ȴʼûãʪЩϵҴжϣܿҪдѩˣ
ϻ뻦ôԶǾԮǰǨǼ¡οһϴѩǿɾ鷳ˣһ·ϲ֪ҪˣԣϻѾѵʱ
ôһ˲䣬ֳ뿪ھܾˡ
ȻλٽһתûпҪԮ£ȴת˵һû߲ȫһ£


356 Խɥʬ
ΪԮģύһҪ鱨ϻصѾ൱ΣǣһеĻɥʬȴ⣡
ٽ˵⻰ʱʮֿ϶ȻǾϸġ
Ļֳе㲻⣬룬ʲô⣿ѵʲô±𣿡
Ȼǣٽҡҡͷɥʬ»Щû䣬ȻЩɥʬҲӰȫ֡˵⣬ָǲǵϱصɥʬĹң
ɥʬԽˣ
ٽıûĸ߲Щˣ֪ϴϱ߽紦顢εȹн˵ɥʬӿ½ҲûܡϾζţЩɥʬڵıѾûҴߣȲٹԶĵϣ
ȷǸϢ
Ҳˡȹĩǰж˿ڣĩڵĻɱʣµɥʬԲ쳯һʡǼеɥʬҪࡣһԽ߽ϣҲڼʮ£
ϻܷӦˣǲԻʵǿ϶ɥʬģ
ٽ˿߲ûô䶯ɫֿ˿ֳ̾˿ǻûʶԣǵıЩɥʬĩǰӦöǴδ½֡Ҳ˵Ǻ̶ܴ϶ӡȵȹɥʬ

⻰һɫˣֳҲ͵ͻһ¡
۵ȫ磬ӡȶʹúҲܺ˷ӰĹҡټĺ˵վй©ӡȵɥʬȿ֮ֳŬϪӴԸֻȫĽƿʱӡȵĽɥʬѾȫˡֳܾȴ֪ǸطɥʬԷǳΣգ
Ҫǣӡ˿ڵڶĹҡĩһǰǹٷͳƵѾʮڡϹҴͺڻ¸쳯Ҳǲܡô˿ڣжڵɥʬ
˭Ҳûף
ӡȵĵֿȫʧ£ɥʬԷεɣ쳯кܴһɥʬĽ
ôжģɿ𣿡
н̲סˣٽϢʵһѣ
ٽ֮ǰȻҲϸģȷǴδ½ɣǻصרҸϲķΡû̫ĵͼɥʬ͡沿̬жǿɿģȻҲЩϼɥʬǻɣӡȵɥʬӦþǴӴϼת飬ȻŽϵģ
Ϊ߿ͼͲˣֻǸϻصƲ⣬ȴʮֽӽ࣡
ӡȵɥʬ
ֳﷴ˼飬Щĵʳһ⣺ǵأж٣ɥʬĽɥʬıأ
پһ˵ϻصɥʬҡУʮǵϱصɥʬʣˡɥʬĽɥʬı˵ֻ֪ϻصֵʮֳɥʬûóȫʵûĻƳӦþǽ£
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ֳվ֯ԮÿֲʦͶһĳȷ棬ϣü
һʡҲǼʮҴߵģһƣ˾󲿷ֶһֳûѪӼʮͬɥʬڶܣ
ˣ
ٽҡҡͷü俴Ҳû̫ൣǣڼǰͷԽǱ߹ɥʬԶԹҲǶм⡣Щӡȵɥʬһ֣ǾǰüӦԡʶܻزסʱǻ˾ѾǰصİʮҴŲﻹеĻǻ˵ݣ
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ٽЦЦ֣ллܳ͸λĹˣǵϻҲһ׼ûС˵ˣɥʬӡȹɥʬȷ棬֮һ㻦ľӾ˫ƾһҲѵõģ
仰ȴԼһ˿ԹͲˡ
ͳ˵һҲһǧˣȻǸǿţһǧ㣬Ҳô¡ԼɥʬʲôӡȹЩɥʬȼߣĽɥʬʱг֣˵һţʮһٸŶδ˵£
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һţǲǴҪô
ųҲİ
Ȼһ˾ôĲǶףλٽֳĺˡΪֳȻֳ
˵СͲˣ
нȿڣھеʸ񣬽λٽΪСҲûʲôס
ô˵
ٽɨһۣԼʶԼĸطˡ
н˿飬вԾĴ˵ӸºԺζǲֲ֪ʦͶһŵʵ
ֳĸı䣬ЩϲζţнҲԼĳǿʵӰŶӣ
ٽǲĵֻǿƽֲʦʲô֮ǰû˵ڶһţһѵܱĽɥʬ𣿶ңϵĻмټǧֻɥʬϼʮͷһƾȫŰ
Ļûĸ߲ȫЦˡ
ı죬޵ĵ㻹˵Ľɥʬ治ʲôɥʬ͸ˣǵĶһǰ¶ͷǸ֣
ٽƲƲ죬Ȼû˵ʲô˶ܿĲš
Ҳѹ֣
ڳ˶뷨ԼûֲʦʱҲһŻɵ̬ȡֻദʱԽǶԿֲʦǿԽģ
ֳֻ֪Ľɥʬɱƾ˵ҪŤתٽ뷨ǺѵġҲΪ⣬ֱֻ׳һذըŲˣ֮ǰļ죬ƾֲʦһź;ĹͬŬ׹⸴˻ʱҲǺüɥʬһֻĽɥʬ
⸴ˣ
±ٽվʹţе㲻ţɥʬӺüֻĽɥʬôܣ
𺳱飬ôʷĻ߲Ϊáݾ޴Ĺ;ųҪ鵽ֳͿֲʦǵϣһ֤ȫ̵ǻֹҫУ
ûϢʵԣ
˵ţֳ˳ִϳһļУкɫжȫı¼ǸֳʤĺӰ
Ծһ𾪵ٽ˹ϸ˰죬ò𾪵Ϣ˵ʵǻûбҪƭٽ뻹ǲŵģǣʵڲܽȴ֤ʵ˻дɥʬռ⸴ʵ
ôЩʲôֲʦͶһŵʵʮֲֿˣ


357 ͨ𽥻ָ
ðɣҪܳǸ
˿ֲʦǵս»лɣٽǺܹĳԼС֮ġ⸱ɴ̬Ҳֳӡ˲٣ܱŲϳϴЩҪǿ
ˣҼǵղ˵ϻصɥʬֻӡǱ߹ɥʬȷ棿֮һ𣿡
ıԲֱ˸ղٽ˳˵ݡ

˵ɥʬٽɫһס⸴ϢɸСĹ˶񣬼ǻһ֧Ҵ߳ӣҡźԶԶĿЩɥʬǵءȻҲ˵׼ǵԱѯʣ»ȷһΧ
Ҳ˵ܻܿ߰ɥʬˣ
ֳҲЩˣң˭Ҳ˵ЩӡȹɥʬȫһеڶɥʬأҪ֪ЩɥʬռϺ󣬶пܼʡؽųɱĿܣ
ݱֵز쳯ҴǵجΣϷҴ߻أ׵ǵĽ
ٽ̾˿ЩĵҲǵŻǰͨҴߵͬʱɳӷֱͨʡءΪϷġҲпܶԸЩɥʬĻأȻԴˣ
ֳ˵ͷĵлṩҪϢеĻҴ߶Ĺ
⻰ǷԷθЩӡȹɥʬûʲôǰףͻأĳڻذٹ⣬ǶҴ˵ѡ̾ڻĵЩɥʬͬЩɥʬɸвǵĽҲߣ
ǰ׼ǻսʤϣ
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ٽһֳһָҪүˣ
ү
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ٽִĵ죬ѩڷз
ܲǦɫƣһޱȵѹ֡ƬƬİɫѩȾһƬããġ̶̰ʱ䣬Ļѩû˵ĽˡرɫĳǱ·ͯ磡
ײɥʬĳ˱࣬ǲûпģΪŴѩһֵĽ£
һҹ֮䣬¶ȾȻʮȡ˵ˮɱҲԿ׶ˡĻ¶Ȼ̫Щı˸оЩɾ󲿷ֵϷˣȥһ䶬ľ¶ȻЩܲˣܶ糿ͱðˣ
ΨһֵҵľǣıѩضɥʬжҲ˼Ӱ졣ʵǿĸ߽ɥʬҲ⼫ͱѩ
һͬȥһⳡѩĸ㡣Ͳ˵ˣϷĳζУʡҲ⡣ЩӡȵɥʬƿĵϻغҲòŻǰٶȡ
ڲӽĵϻҴ˵⵱ȻǸϢǣпֲʦǱȫݵĻҴ˵ѩֻлǼᶨΪڿֲʦǰɥʬʲô֮£ѩͽ¶ǵв
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ڻĸ߲˵Ⲣ⣬ǰ׼һС
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ΪѩԵʣصһжͣڶҴǱҪҲԼԣֳҪࡣ걨棬ִʮӵĹֳͷԼ¿ˡ
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ڻ̺һֳʵûʲôԱصɽ
ǻ֮ıӣϵĻɱõĺܶࡣǿǻ֮ĵطů紺վ߽紦ǱԿ̶̼׵ľ룬ָűѩغ̲ݳȻͬ磬ػеޱȵ𺳣
οһĻʱֳҲǸоӾĳĶǿһصϣȥˡ
ѩ죬ʲôȱŮůĴϸ飿
ǸǮޱϵʱ仹ֳ̣뽫ŮӶŵԼϣӵұˣ
ȻעֳæµŻû죬ͱһӻظϹмֲʦ˻ȥʱ׷ɵĴѩѾû˵ϥǣҲֻпֲʦɵؼ䣡
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ģ
Ϣ̫Ҫ֪ƭԼֳ̲סظһ顣
̫ԵϮɵӰ̫ˣֱӻٵ˵ʱеͨѶгͨѶҲܵصѹơҲԭ򣬲˸ϢжϣڶظΪսȻĻڵԲôңһ̫Ļڹȥζ»ָͨţ˽Ϣˣ
κͼֳһĨ⣬ڴѩзɱ˻أ
ĳϢû⹫ĸ߲ѾϤǶΧھĵ̣ĵȴŽһĲԽֳϵıнǷ׷Χ˹ֳϸĻ㱨ʼĩ
ԭһߵпȰõľȾ쵽ġ
ΪߵܵӡԻڵͨŶĳߵ绰ֻж̾ͨţŲöԽپڶԽ⻹ţ˱֮ǰŷеΣ


3ʮ58 طǵ
˶ԽСپ֮£ʼŸԶͨš
һԲҪܿ췢¾ԶһЩĽҲܽˡڶԽĹ⣬ûиԶĲԡΪߵ簮ߣٺܿ˵̨ʼڻؽԶͨѶԣ
ʮ幫ʮʮ幫
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ͨŵĻָ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ룬ҴܹĻأֽƷյĴڸԶһ㣬ֳҲѾ뷨ֻǻҪ½ȷ
ͨŵĻָһģ
רҲûôֹۣǸ߲ˮ̫ĻԾܹ쳣һΣҲܻ쳣ڶΣ˭Ҳ˵׼λԾڹȥƽܳãǻҪ۲죡
ȻҲпܣ߲˰סļʼĵȴ
ѩǰʮ죬漴ʼ϶ıСѩµȥ£ȻʱϻҪԶһЩѩ˿¶Ҳֲ͡ʦǵС̽飬̫ˮ˽һЩʵĵطӽʮ֡ĺȣôȺɥʬͨˣ
ΪˣɽϵرԱòʱӴ˶½ɥʬѲȡֲʦҲһǾÿˣܽ뵺켸ʮıը
̫ż֣Ĺ۲쿪ʼȡ׿гЧЧרǷ֤ڶ϶̫Ļ𽥽ȶҪ»Ծ˵ҲҪ꣡
ζţδһʱͨ˱ϡ
Ȼϴ̫ҫ߱ʱеǺʹ͵վ𻵣ֻкٲֺͼװֶε豸ټϾһʱ䣬ºܶҴضѾﻹõĵ̨¶벻Ҫˣؼǣڻжģ˻⻹м
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ԴֳҲûʲôð취ֻܲϧʮСʱкˡ
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Ȼ̫ҫѾûˣ̫ǿҲˮƽǲζѾ¹أмǵĻǻؾͿѸȫͬʱɥʬķֲͽǿвԼʱͿ׼
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˵ʲô
ֳڵ˶
쳯˵Ƿأܺܶ˵һӦǸȪǷءɳ⣬̫ԭǷҲ˿ǰߣںϻûȫͶʹõĲءǣ̫ԭû
ٽȻҲȷֳֻ׷ʣЩ֧֧ᣬòʧ
ֳҲԥá
·ǵ뷨ʵ֣Ѷʵ͡Ҳ˵Ա䣬ǵ͹ˡ룬ʵǻǷظɹҴô
ǻԭҴߣ϶ûеġڴ˵ǺϲݵȵعҴߣ˵ˣ
Ǿȥ飡
ֳܿ챻ִȥֳ֮͵õһϲĽǷع˲Уһֹһ
ܿ죬ź޷˾ͳֳǰ
ܾĩһĥ£ǵԾŵϢܳԽӼǣ̲סǾϲǾηǰ紫˵еôᣬϵƻ˴Ҵ
ǶǷأ񲢵õ󣬸ר֯ȥΡĩ˺ͱǵʿˣֻҴıϸĸֳһ
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ֳһ飬΢Ц¡⺮˼󣬿ûôнֳʵǼȻǷعӦ˽ܶඣ
˶һۣȻƾٳһ˷
ŵĴ˴֣ʵ֪֪ܳʲô֪һشˡ
ֳ̬ͦ⣬˵ͷ֮ǰٽϢ˳˵̫ԭǷлûĳƷǣ֪𣿾ǲ̫ԭģҵڵˣӦ֪Ŷԡֻߣĸﻹûǣܳ䵱ǵ֣
ֳĻʲô룬ϢҲȷ̫ԭǷڵȷܻûǡ룬½ûǵĻǾһ̫ԭ
ûаѻ˵Ŀ϶ֳһ񣺡Ϊʲôô˵
ЦЦ˵ԼȦϢĩǰȪæ˺죬þòˡĻĩһֱ׶صңСȻһȱɥʬռ죬Ǳָˣֱ̫ҫ߱ٶʧȥϵĹ飬Ҳûеġֻ̫ԭأܻǣ
ֳһ£͸©һ֪Ϣ̫绹ڳϮʱݵķһЩСǣֻ˺̵ܶʱ䱻׹١֪ôЩС
С𣿡
üͷȷĵȻͨѶжϺȥģǾ׶ԶųҪô뻹ܵķ㣬ҪôھȪ̫ԭطеһġҸ˵ǣǿþȪǻطģ


359 ͼϣ
ֳϸѯ˰죬óһ׵ľͽۡ
Ҳ˵̫ԭܻбõǡǣҪĻҪǴȪҪһˣ
ǷعεͷҲû취飬ҵĲ²⣬Ȼ׶ؿھȪ﷢СǣǾȪͶ뻹бõػ̫ԭصĻܿҪԼȥװֻװһػ̫ˣԶԶֻܾܵѡõĳƷ
ĻôҶˡ
ڼԱ⣬ûԼװػǡã̫ԭؿгƷǣȪװõػǾͿԹȥ
Ҫǿһ㣬ЩֻۣǷδؾУ
»˵̫ᵣΣ˿ظһ顣
ֳ˰죬ʵҲ˵㼼Ա㹻ܹҲҪǵඣ
ô˵˵ͷ
һɹδ֪ļƻһҪǻ֮䱼ɱģֳǣǵʵ̫һĳɹǻؽøءɥʬֲҴǵĵһϣڻؽž޴Ĵٽã
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ճɹĿжǶҪΪ֮Ŭһ¡ֳԴӳ
ı˿ֳ飬ʵܳˣ
ֳᶨΣҪһ¡ܿǰɣػĸΣܺãҪһ֧ܹŶӣѩԿʱͳʱ䣬ҸȫȨڻѡҪ˲ţٲ˸һֲʦʸ񣡡
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ܳģǱ֤񣡡
˶û˵˸Ȼųȥˡ
ʵ˵Ҫ治Ǽ׵顣Ҳ˵ǺͻûӰӣĶڣҲҪļԱЭͬͬǻǷͬǣ߶ΣվĵأһⶼҪˡרҵļԱֻҪʱѵһЩѶʵЩ
ڣǵҪҲֻܽһ졣¹߶Ȳôֻܾܳ׹٣Ҳ㹻ˣ
ļ죬
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ת۵Ĺʮ͹ȥˣ
Ϊ¶ʼǻԻѩĺҲܿǸʱ䡣ƾżͼڿ͵Эܿ±дһȾЩʱһ֣
˼һȦֳ֤ܿˣֻҪ⣬ܰ죡
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ļ£磬һ֧ʮҵĳӾȻʻ˻
УʮҵĿֲʦӣʮصļԱʣµǱõĳʳΪĻصֳԸպǮʲô⣬߽׿ֲʦҲڳֲʰ
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֮ǲżѵʻ̫ԭıԵ
ʵ˵̫ԭҲӵнҴߵĳ֮һֻǺɥʬ½׶أһǨڣ̫ԭѾûĵֿˣֻĳЩ仹ǵҴ
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Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ֳӹĹ̦޺Ȼ̫ԭĳһ·ǲŰͼҵ̫ԭǷأ
֮ǰֳһȻɹΪʲôػȥԶľȪǣ̫ԭԵִŷ֣ԭһȺжʮģɥʬ֪ôռΪû÷ǳɢֳֻ֪ҪǸҿȥЩɥʬһһ·β׷
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ӣըıըͻǹֵʱ𣬵ֳעѲĽɥʬ֣Щ½Ϲɥʬͻµķߡ˼ȫŵ̫ԭǷڣ
λṩϢ׼ȷ׼ȷأ
ļֳֻԼôŵʱˡ
ܳҵˣҵˣ
ɥʬʢת˥ʱ򣬻ܳһֲʦԶľ͸ϲ󣬶ԽҲܿܳڻҵǣһӦǣһž֤ȷǱϵͳһ֡ҵڶм飬ӦõģʱԷ䣡
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ֳǿǲ̫ȤǿűǺں
˭֪ϵͳĩǰ쳯GPSϵͳԿģ˵޼ֻһţҲûĩǳˣ


360 ͼ£
Сĵ㣬ʱЩ
Ļ塢豸أ
˭𿪳һҪԲԵ
⣬ָ°ǵܿһĶˡҪ֪εȾܣһﲻСˣ޶ûޣΪûзǵ˲ţ
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ǵһվǸȪ
Ϊǵ⣬ԳӽٶԾɲ졣ʱ䣬ǲʻ˸෶Χֳĵǣһ·ɥʬȻ࣬ȴԾѩǷ䲻̫Ҳ֪޷ʺϷ䡣ѩ죬ǿзѶȺʧʶܸߣ
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ò˵ֳǵ
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˵ǵⲿѾ룡
Ϳܿˣ
ܹĩַǣܿҲޱȼָ£ڶֲʦͼԱ䳡ؼ򵥴ɨһ顣󣬿ֲʦǺػƵ
ܳ⣡
ܿһȦ˵ٵ⡣
ֳ˿ԶΰĻʵʲô⣿
ܿͷָӴһۣȾûе磬վȫ޷Ҳ޷ΣĴμȻû⣬ƽﻹûüעȼϡ
ⲻõġֳгĵ֮ǰǾͿ⣬泵ӴһײͷҲ֧ȼ͡ңȪرӦҲбõĵ豸ɣ˵áƽȼϵ⡭
ֳͲˣֻܿܿԼ
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ΪĻֻһΣɹܿԾɲҴ⡣ûվϵͳٴģ˼飬Ȼǿ˷пֵܳԼεȷ˾ķʱ䣡
ֳǵִȪغĵ죬Ҳһǿȥ죬ҷҲ
ĵʱ̺ܿҪ
ܿһ񾭣ȫ˻վָӴֳȻҲתһȦȴһݣ˷䳡ϡ濴Щߺͽ֣һػ׳۳棡
ֳߵģмʮֲʦ
ҲǵһٻֳٲЩοöػǵģָо͸ǲһˣ
ʱ̶֧ܷſԽҲ˵𵹼ʱ
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һ
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ܿǿ򶨵żŵĲʱҲû˭ȥЦˡڵһ̣β͵ðҵĻ档ڳ¶ȵ˿£·ȴҺ˲ػһߣȻٶȼټӿ죬񷶥ȥ
Χ۵ĿֲʦǵһƬֳҲ̲סЩ
ԶɥʬȺƺǷߵĶĴųҪɹػٶȺε֮죿Щɥʬûɵ·ǵĻѾһʧڿУ֮ǰЩĵĿֲʦǳ׷󣬻μ룬ƽȫʼ٣
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ܿеĪĸ߿ÿһڶԽʱֳҲ֪Ӧǽ˹ؼڡ˿Ѿյķܣͷ߻˻վ
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ܿ죬ܿһ󺰣صԱȫֳӰܿƵֱ˹һϲɫܳǽˣܿͽչʱվܽӵźˣ
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ǰӵֹ֪̫ͣϮֳͿʼΪ·׼æôãԸԳָоȻ൱áԣܿҲõֳŵӣй£ֳϧ
Сʱ󣬵վͨԼõƵʣصĵ̨ϵˡ
Ϊûͨתֻͨͨĵز䣬źŲáνҪûصҲ֪ǷɹĺϢ
ûֳЩĸ߲ЩڵõǳɹĴϢǲд󶨣漴ͨ鲼صĹ㲥Ҵͨľ޴ʤɣҲҴߵص
ֳ֪ǵķֳĸҴǵִﵽһµĶ壡
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ݻҲȫʮдɥʬӦҪǣ
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һЩû򻵵Ϣͳƣֳ½ϷдĴͻػʮңʡأĴǾ򼶱мءСģĻؾͶˣȻЩصܿǣжҴҲ֪ܵ˵ȥֳԤƵҪã
УֳעĻʡĳɥʬȺʣ϶нȼߵĽƿߴڡҪעģǳݻؽɥʬ
λϻؽʾϢݻؽɥʬӡˣ


361 ɽȦ
Ƿɹĵڶ죬ֳǾͿʼ̷ˡ
һҹʱ䣬ܿһ°ֳҪ鱨֣ܷӵûޡΪ˾ܵǣֳһ°ǨվȻ豸ȫػأ
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һЩҪĶվ豸װ˳ΪȥʱҪƵ̫ԭǷأг̵ʱ̡İ󣬳ƣĶɹ˳
һ·ϣڱѩϮıټһֻĽɥʬϮֳĳȺڣеԱûˣֻһܿʱļ±ȾεĻɱֳоյķ˻ء
ϤĻسǽǰ뷢ǵҴȫ˳
һӭܳʤأ
ףĩһǷɹ
ѾõϢĻ߲ȫӭӣһЩҴҲԷľĸԱߡ
ӭʽ˺һᣬֳǲ˵Ĵӵ½ءֳܴ򵥽һȥԼŮˡǣΪǼƻˣܿûʱϢ˳;ƣͣһ³ںڴ;¼վȻ齨һϰ̨Ժʹӡ鱨
֮󣬻ĵվ¸ȡϵ
ʵ˵ȻѾ֪̫յָ̫ˮƽܿǻǵǿǻ᲻ᱻ١¿ܿͽܵݣǱ㳹׷Ȼ⼸ʱԾתȫûܵӰ죡
ܺã鱨ǹڵģǹĹҲҪŹ
ܿĴ£鱨ˮĴ鱨ݳհڵֳİͷϡ
ڵ鱨½ķֳѾ֪˴šϷǴ½ĶϲпܶԻвĳɥʬȺֻһʡäĿתƵǧģɥʬȺһǼִݻӡɥʬȺ
ʡеɥʬȻҲв٣ҪôǷֲڳڣҪôǹģûвԽС
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ܿѾĻ濴Ҳô롣
һЩ˿ڶࡢ±ȽĹҾͲ˵ˣƬϿǵ쳯Ҫӡ룬쳯һЩ͵ʡǿ֧šЩңͳһĵֿѾʧֻзɢڸصҴƾԼһЩĵ
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ĴǣԹԣɥʬӡɥʬɥʬ¹»õƬ̲ܿס̾һ
ΪعϡҰ쳣ĴĴǵǲҲ̶áŵƽʱЩѱĶﵱȻûʲôһǱɥʬȾֲϽ³ֱǱ磡ƬϿĴֻʣͻػǿά֣ʣµ˼ȫޱ޼ʵɥʬŸɵ
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ķܽᣬֳ緶Χڵɥʬһ˽⡣
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ڵֻ࣬Ǳķɢĸ䣬Ӳд
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Ǯһ㶣Լ뵽ʲôȵѵܳҪϵأǡ

ֳѾ̵ͨĿǣԹݻصʵܵסЩӡȵɥʬοǼɥʬδؾӡȹɥʬȫǿ˹ȥǽӴһס߳롣ͬʱʮʡмҲһϵԸ⣬ϣȫ뻦
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׶Ǩ󣬻һЩƵĿںšʱǻֻռ쵼λֳɸֱӣȻ뽫ϷȫǨһأ
ӦþǰĩǰλãһԿֲʦΪȨɣ
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ֳıȻ£˶һԲɽˮΪԲģ뾶պɽصľ룡
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362 ݻ
ϲǹݻصһҴߡ
ĩʱ͵һʱӳ˹ݡ¶һܺ³ĹݻصԶӷ֣Ȼһֱڡ
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ǣŸ߽ɥʬĳ֣ԵҴԽԽ٣ϲҲ
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һҵȻûзְʳȴҵԼǰ䱦ĵ̨
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Ҫϵøʵĵ̨ܰ쵽ĵֻ̨ܽնԷźţ޷ȥ

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ƻһ͵õ˵޳ɡԽۣԽƻá
֮ǰĶԻΪġǣ⿿һأȻǧҴߡֳȴǽսķŵɽϣһ̫ˮΧΪҪΧķȦ
ڻһأȦĵɸ󣬿õԴҲ࣡Ȼ̫ˮڣɽʱٵķѹûӡȻصĵλ˴ıȦͨһΪȦġֲʦҪأɽȴ͹Ҫλ
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ֳʵûѡأ룬ܿͬԮҪ
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ѾýӦ׼ĻڴʼȫתʱЩ˰ŵ˻ú̿ͶĶµҲѸٷȥΪ˱֤ǵİȫαֲʦһŲòԳϻɥʬܽ
Ȼܹݻص˳ɹ뵽ɥʬûб˦
֮Щɥʬ½׷Ѱų·ߣɱ˹
һɥʬڻ˵ǸСĿ顣ǴõĻҲʲôֳĵǣƬϿӡȹĺɥʬҲѾԽ˹磬˴½Ϸ
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363 賬
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Դӳ֮ͳ˻æĻ֮һĻ߲Ƿ鱨ƶŸƻ죬ϷƵĶ񻯣ɥʬȺĲƶý϶˼ࡣ
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Ϣѹͷϣڲıʾ£鱨˷ֳСרŸ׷ȺвԵɥʬ
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Ϊؾ뻦ľ벻̫ԶڣԹݻصҴ߶סڻڡڻǰĻܻܿᵼһЩɥʬд뻦ֳĵķֲʦȥ
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ӡȵɥʬȺɥʬıߣĽɥʬҲԲָֹֻһսͽ⣬ǲʵӮҲʧأ
ϸĿǣֳɥʬǰ·սǰսΪֲʦƶзսΪֻҪյõǲԹԲڵսѡһӸµĸ£ȫһѻ
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ڻָͨţֳԶԶĻûص鱨֧֪֡ǵʱ䲻ֲֳʦͬαֲʦһһսΪβսĳѡģٶ֣һҪǿԾ룡
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һѪɫɥʬпܾĽףмϱ
һЩֲʦսǰʼߵ˴ھ顣
ΪѾǵһθɥʬսԿֲʦǵ̬ŵĺƽЩոеĿֲʦͬǼɥʬͬǺüֻĽףҲһˡԣЩųӡȵĽߵɥʬͬٵǡֻ³ΪֲʦĳײЩţͬгҲ
ܿ죬Ի鱨ٴη˹ϸ㣬ɥʬӾĺƫƴ幫Զ
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ͨˣһ̿ͱŵƨܶûˡǣڳȫǸ߽׿ֲʦ˵ǿĳսҲΪ⼸ֻɥʬаüֻףֳǮԸղûнţ쿪Ц
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Ǳӣըıըɥʬע⵽ֳˣʼ˹Σ˺üǧɥʬҲʼƫԭе·ߣȫѹϵơ

ֳҡҡͷ֪ھߵĻȻеɥʬԣ˲ûˣչֳԼǿŽɫĹâɥʬȺԾŲɿĽڶɥʬ
ӣɥʬƺŭˡ
ԽԽɥʬת򣬳ֳɱǣ˾ͷ·ļϪеĽʯƾĴʼ޷彸ʯиɥʬǶ׻ףͳͳʬ壡
СģĽʳߣ
ʱֳ⿴һĨת˲ŵѪɫӰǳٶȣ˲侯ͬʱʾ
ò˵ЩɥʬĽȵȷߡ
ֲɱ˲ɥʬĽɥʬ͵ϮⲢɥʬĽɥʬҲĳ̶ֳ˵ǵѲ
Ƕֳ˵ʵЩɵֵֻĽʳ߲ûԼĽ׵ͨɥʬдУѰһᡣֳȻҲڴ󲿶Ѿɥʬиս̧ͷ˿ʱӦˣǱѸʾ⳷ˣ
㲻еɥʬҲҪֻǳս滹ս
ֳˣǮԸպԥǰĶ֣ʼɿĳ롣ɫٶȣĴȺɥʬ˹ȥ
һ̣صǹǡþṩʵʱ鱨ӼɷŴͼƬϿؿֳǵ£ټɥʬֳһСֻʮɥʬֳ뿪ʣĴ򱣳ԭе·߼ǰЩչɥʬȺһӺͽ̤ıԵ


364 ս
ʮɥʬӵжʮ׵
ûۼ֮ǰ˭Ҳ벻𺳵һĻʲôӡĿֲʦǻʱЩɥʬֳܵȴĿһ̡
䣡
ֳǿԤխͨĴƬɫɥʬһųǰЩٶɥʬǿɲ֪ߣﲻܡԣݵıը
Χ׶ǳֲʦٻģǵЧԷ̫ߵɥʬҲһǣֻܵˡŸױЩɥʬͿסˣ޴ĳ顣ںһЩͨɥʬ͸ˣ
ȻɥʬȫǲĹǰļǧɥʬ֮󣬸ɥʬȫ߳
һֳ̣оԼĩǰڵҹʮ㣡
ױܼʱ̵ıÿ붼дױըɥʬսôãֳͷһαֹܼıըŪͷζٶȳ׺ͣ½Ųıըͬʱ̲ס˶䣡
һ¶ʮһڲԶȼŵ龰ɣûܵ
ɥʬѸټ٣
ȼߵɥʬԾںֱײʣɥʬܲıըϾԽ׵˺ҲԽߡǵмֲʦ߶εˮƽٻ׾Կвɥʬİȫ
ʮӵĹ򣬽ӽʮɥʬˮ֮һ
ǿֲʦǳֵʱˣ
ΪѾԶȥǽӽɥʬͷֳǾֽЩɥʬԶһξ룬Ȼȫѹȥǧ˵αֲʦȫ޶ȵѹɥʬĽԾЩɥʬܹŻǰĿֲʦҲǳصģǻصչЩһ
һпȥ˳
ʤֲܶʦ϶¶˵ЦݡȻֳûôɡֵ֪ģЩɥʬеĽɥʬ
ֳϸ۲죬𾪵ķʮɥʬȺУĽɥʬͳʮֻߵı˵ȥˣĻӡɥʬȺĽɥʬܶʮֻѹֹݻصľزסǵĹϧһдҲֻס˴ʱ䣡
⻹Ľɥʬûô֣ȻСʱסĽɥʬ׾ͻƣ
ֵҵǣ׶ĽɥʬҲһöûеġÿһ±ը˵ܶ·˱ҧһ£ۻٴΡǧεıըҲٵˡ߽׿ֲʦ֣ʮмֲʦϰֻɥʬܲķ£¶ͷĽɥʬҲڱ
ò˵жȡõĳɹԤ֮ϡ
ֳɥʬȫжϵġԣǴڽԶԶŷݵİ취һɥʬȻǰˡǣֳȫɥʬעɣֻһֽʮ˹ֳϵĵ˼ƻֱЩɥʬ
󾭹ѵսֳǻеɥʬ
սģǹĺʮɥʬֻһɥʬܵ꾧ȫۼҲǷǳɹ۵һֳ֡ӡǿռ̼Ͷ˴ľң
Щֳֿļһµαֲʦˡ
սҲֳʶЩӡȵɥʬķǳֲֳЩǵƻæɨսֳ뿪ƬѾը͹ƽأȻԤĵڶս
Ǳ֮ǰսӰ쵽ɥʬ·΢ƫһЩڶսԶˡ
֮£ֳǲò˴󹤷򣬺ðٴһɥʬս֮ɥʬٶȼʮ򡣿˵ʣɥʬѾһʮˣ
ʵ˵ЩɥʬʵԾɷǳֲԣֳϣƻŸǾսǣԤľսսɥʬѾûԶˣ˾ǻءֳԥ˺һᣬž֮ǰļƻһѻǣʵǣҲֻܰսϵǰ
Ҳûа취顣
ֵҵǣֳѡս¶ȶԿֲʦ˵൱ɥʬǱؾ·ϡһڣֲʦǾɥʬֱõ״̬ӭսͿˣ
ˣ
֪˭һϵĿֲʦǿԶɥʬȺ·ֳǰըٶһٶɥʬͷӬһҴˡȷ·
ʶЩӡɥʬ󣬿ֲʦҲ˿ӣȫԴ
·ˡ
ʱٶʲôĻûˡֳԶɥʬ»˻֣սɣΪԼҲΪԶڻļˣǶսʤǰЩɥʬ
սһʼͽ˲ҵ״̬
Ÿ߶ȵƣֳǻȵѹסɥʬɥʬĲ֫𽥶ѻɥʬǵĽҲԽıƽ˿ֲʦǵءһǧֻɥʬļȺ£ͻαֲʦǵĻĿֲʦ뽻֣
һļǽƾճ֣סɥʬĽŲ̱㱻Ƶ
󣬼ǽٶȳ֣ٶȴݻ٣˷
ֻɥʬֲʦǱɿܣͷʼͬ֡ͬʱӣըͶֲ֡Ҳ׷׵ǳһֳ̣ԼΪʲôûǰֲʦľ硣ǿ磬ʹ׼ũڵЩɥʬȫð벽ֻҪǰֲӡӡʮϰ׼ũڣֳɺƽЩ
ϧǣսû
ʱ޷׼ũڵֻ֮ǰֲԴԴϳɥʬսһΣʱֳòðǰû𹽡Ľɥʬ𲽲뵽ʱֳû𹽵Ƶʸ࣡
̶̰СʱĹֳǵĸǰͶʮӣ¶ȼը
ȻĽֹЩɥʬ෴ģսĽɥʬˣ
кüΣĽɥʬѾ嵽ϣڿֲʦǵӪһƬҺɱ¾߽׿ֲʦѾ߾ȫʮֲʦȺɱа˳ɶǳֲʦһ𵽷õϹս٣ĽɥʬĹЩĲȫûл֮һŵ
Աߵαֲʦ͸˵ˣ½˽ˣ
ӿֲʦСӳֳͷξôʧŭաۿһʵߴмεĿֲʦĽƻ߻ɱҲǲսʵߵһλûֲʦľ磡
ڣֳ衢£ֲʦǲûбɥʬŵһΪҵĽɥʬ´˻ȥ
ݵĿ϶ֳ´˳˵
սѾûа취ȥٴĻǿƴʣʮɥʬڳĿֲʦҲҪȫûõİ취ǣػأлصĳǽսһȻһٽЩɥʬȫ𣬲ɢĻᣡ


365 ǽµβս
ǿֲʦͷһûʤս
֮ǰпֲʦԿɥʬʤʤеͨҴ߶ſֲʦǿҲһЩֲʦڲԱǿΪֲʦζǿ󡢸һȡ֪죬ǲŷԭֲʦҲҪеεģҲΣյģ
˵ʮֲʦټϰαֲʦӣʵ˾ӡ
ǣЩĿֲʦһмεĸ֣
ڿֲʦŶֳǮԸ߽׾ͷ⣬ĵһʵҪǼм߶ˣ⼸ҲǿֲʦŶڵĵһˮ׼ĸ֣ӵϹսܱɱ֪𺳣
ڣⳡʧȻʿдڶҡҵġ
ô˵ԵĶһٶɥʬиǲĽ׵Ļɫֳǧٶ˵ʵɥʬһҡʤôǻԻˣ
Ͼôɥʬսв˵ģ
ôһ·Ĭķػغֳ³һȻãⳡʧƺҲûʲôáȻʮĿֲʦЩϧеĿֲʦ̬Ҳ޷ܣ
ĻҪֲʦҴ߹ƾͲôäĿĿˡѾΪֲʦˣҲʶڱǿҫͬʱҲ˼Σգ
ӭܳ
ڿֲʦŶڲΪʧ͸߲ȴô롣
ڸݻسľӴѾЩӡȵɥʬʵ˽Ϊ̵ʶԲĽ׺ʹɥʬֳǧ˾ͲսǴֻʣʮѾ˲õʤˣԣֳǷʱ߲һ߻ս׼ڻǰһսǬͬʱҲ֯һͨģ칦ƻᣡ
ԴˣֳҲЩЦáϾ˼ҵĺ⣬ҲǶЩԡѪսĿֲʦǵһοҲ̹Ȼˡ
̵ĳϯ칦ֳܿ˻ָġ
ӻظ鱨ϢԴԴϵĻ㼯Թ߲ߡһЩıķֳ׵ĴЩ۸ӵ鱨еõԼҪġһ棬ʣʮɥʬǣ뻦صľֻвһ·ˡһ棬ĳɥʬȺҲڲ϶
˵ⶼϢ
ңΪ֮ǰսֳαֲʦȫߣ»ĹݻҴ߰ȫû˱֤ܻ˲ЭûлسǽƵķʩǱεɥʬ˽ȥ½Ⱦˣ
ԴˣֳҲûа취Ͼ֤սʤǸ
ôȥȻҲУֳָֻʾ˼ӽƽɽսԣһ߷һЩɹɥʬ֧·ȻҪɵ÷㣬ͬʱڻˣһ»صķΡҪʱ䣬ȴ粻˳٣¹ԼİȫʱĹݻҴҲʮֻġ
½ϢҲȫǲģܿ죬ֳ͵õ˺õϢ
Ѿ½ݻءĻءݻصϵˣĿǰõϢǵҲάֲȥˡǨ뻦ص飬صĸ߲㵱ʹӦˣҲԥġҹǳⲨӡȹɥʬǿʵԴǵһлɣ
ıɫȻǶԻһҶЩ͵⡣Щظ߲㣬ĵɽˮĵزô׷ԼȨԼڵĻˣǿĿֲʦʲôɥʬ˶״
ЩɥʬҺϲĻغ󣬻ؾͽϷҴߣӶһȫµȨ
׶ظǨʱĳЩ˵äĿ飬ڵĻӵиۺʱʱҲʣ
ֳҲ൱ܣѵĵЩǨǺ£˷ҲһѹַܳӳɽսԳƹ㣬ȻǽԴϲ޷ЩƣյĽǴͳͳϿ壡
ҲδһʱҪעĵط
Щֳ˼ķŵ˻ǰⳡβսˡʵ˵սĽֳԾûӵƣںõĴʩͻʵʤǱȻġΨһڣҪ೤ʱ䣬Ҫٴۣ
֮ǰսУȻ˽һɥʬĽɥʬĲࡣ˵ʣʮɥʬУӵеĽɥʬԾһֲ֣
ҪȡʤԾҪŬȥƴ
ɥʬǲûǵ̫ãڶʱ֣Щɫӵͻ˻Χߣسǽӿ˹
һαֲʦӺֲʦѾ𲽵̬ʦĻ񲿶ͬ£Ѹٿϳͷ׼ӭսֳҲɵ̤˻ߵĸţԶԶѸٱƽɥʬ
¡¡ıըʼ
Ǵֳغ󣬿ֲʦǰõʽÿһʱ䶼пֲʦڲϡڣصÿйģȵɥʬϷǸߴʮšϿֲʦʱһЩ׵Ķʮ٣
ΪͬǾӸ£ƣԲʹ̬СĿֲʦʼԶԶľѻžαֲʦӵĻǹֺ˫ֿʼܼĻ㶹ӵγһĻɿոɥʬ
֮£ʿǵЧʾͺЩˡ
װ׮˫ֵҲԶͨǹе֮ϡԣʦĲǿֲʦӵʮЧȴԾҲϲϣԴˣǼĽҲипӦսĹݻǰ߲Ҳͷμģֲʦս棬ܻûӴǳǿĻѾޱˣ
ԶѹƴֻսĿʼ
ŴȺɥʬļ룬ɥʬǵս߿ʼǰơӸֳԼѪɫӰ֣ʱ׼ս
֮ǰըĴģݿӣԶĻܳ嵽سǽµɥʬѾһ롣⼸ʮɥʬ˿ֲʦǼѹʱɥʬײǽֻɥʬӽǽϸֲʦⲫǺܿ춼𣬵ùսĸ߲ǿľ
Ȼ󹽿ɥʬǵڻسǽǰ
ؼʱֳ̣ʱķָ£ֲʦ½Ȼϰֻɥʬܣǵڳǽǰسǽܵѹʱû˳ǽݻٵΣգֲʦǺͳͷϵͨʦҲܸݵķԼս
ɥʬѱһĻľѾ֪оǼֲ֡Щݻص˾;Щ˼ˣɥʬӾмвĽҡһ˿Źһʱѽ޴ķ
ǵľȣҲٶ߲ǵЦݡ


366 ʤͽ
ƺǷ˾ս£ڹݻǰ߲ǵĹս£ɥʬٶȼԼռĽɥʬ
ǰģֻѪɫƶַ·εʳߡΪɥʬУЩʳߺۣܲɥʬȺеɱ֮֡£ԶļֻͷƻߣȻɱȴ㹻Ŀ
۵ģͷһԽǵĽƿˣ
ҪңЩӡȵɥʬȺӵвֹһֻƿߡƺǵʵǿˣΪ˱˴˼ɥʬĿȨЩƿûٰѾڷͶԺϡҲΪӵвֹһ쵼ߣֳǲ½ֻЩɥʬ
˵˼ֻĽƿߺ֧ɥʬŷֻһֻĽƿ߸öԸˣ
ڣɥʬֻʣʮֻʱĽƿҲǲߴ³ǽðսӽǽԼĳǿֱӹֱ࣡ӵ֤ݾǣͨľвʱԿһСƬͻȻѪʹȥصģֱܵ
տʼʱ򣬴һûʶƿߵĽֲʦҲǿľѪֳʶԭƿҲѾԳˣ
ûȥɣ
ֳѸΪĽƿߵľ񹥻ûпֲʦʸѾȫסˡ¼ڳͷϼսҲν֮£²ųεĿֲʦĹ¶Ҳֻˣھֵı
ȻҲǼֻƿڽĹֱӽе徫񹥻ĻǳֲʦҲǶסģ
սڼ
û˻ǣƣټĽɥʬĴѹϣֲʦǵѹԽٶȼʳ߲ʱǽϣֲʦǴ˴鷳֮£߽׿ֲʦԵЩƵȻ˾ȣȴԵ쳣ǱҲϳ
ЩɿܵɥʬҲƿߵĸ±ҡڲٶȷѣȻǵĿֲʦ⻨Ѵܲǿѹǣ
ҪǣԶĽɥʬڲϽӽ
ֳԿ϶˵ЩͷɥʬҪСһȦĹӵޱȿֲֹɥʬǰҲһǿǽݻֻǷַӵʱ
ʱһĽɥʬǣǾԻѣ
ҲֳտʼΪʲôԸսŵǰԭΪҴߣѾû·
ʣΪࡢȴѶԸɥʬֳһɲǣ¶ĵгϵĿֲʦһ³ǽƴһս
˵ţֳɫᶨһȥ
Ŀֲʦǲû˵ʲôֳĿںţһ˳ǽгɵģôͬȥҲ׷ҧǼ̳ǽĸ߶ȻֻǳǽһڣֵԼɷߣ赲ɥʬʱˣ
һˣҴߣ
ؼʱ̣ǮԸҲԼϴӰ׷׸¹ľ
ʱֳʵѡȫԷȻ»صɽ̫ˮȻеĿֲʦ԰ȻĻȥǣӵиıսֵʵǾôӱܵĻų͵С£¼սȥǻḶһǣеʱҶûѡ
һ̣гϵĿֲʦȫֳһ˳ǽ
ĽɥʬֲʦֻоӣȻ󽻸ֳֽȻӵĹҪмǽϹսֲԾһһĿֲʦ
ⳡβ֮ս˿ȴԵ쳣ң
ת۵Ĺ򣬾ֲ߰ʦĽɥʬ֮֡ǵҲֳȡ㹻ʱ䡣ڸ߽׿ֲʦȫʩΪ£ĽɥʬҲڲͣļ٣ͻƵ߽׿ֲʦ˶ֻʣһߵֳǻһޱҫ۵Ľɫţͬһ֧ս֣
ԶԶսĹݻǰ߲㣬ͻԼ̫һһ
ϧǣսѪڣ޲һսκֻЩͨˣڡȼյȴҲѾꡣû˿Ƽİ𵽵ķǳޣ
ģֻһߵĿֲʦĬĬͰɣ
һֻһֻĽɥʬĵ£ɥʬҲڷɿļ˵ֲʦѾסѵһٶȶʮʬ壬Ҳ죬ƣڣֲʦҲ־֣
ȻѾͻ༫ޡʵǿֳҲǵǿ֮ĩǣĨһϵĺˮֳﷴ˷
Ըоⳡսʤǰˡ
⣬Ҫջ㹻꾧ټ֮ǰĻۣսͿʽͻƵ߼ֲʦ˶ΡȻ󣬽ŨҩͿһٿֲʦµľĽɥʬһȻͬˣ
ʱôɥʬֳҲɵĽǣ
ʮӺ󣬻سǽµɥʬѾԽԽ١󣬸ֻʣֻĽƻߡܴݻһеúöֲʦˣ֧ŵڣֻƻҲߵ˾ͷ
ӰһһʱصķĻ
սĿֲʦǰȥĻӡսĸ߲㣬˿ȫ׿ԼݣΪⳡ֮׵ʤûú󣬴ӹ㲥֪ʤĻҴҲ˳Էףֲʦȡõʤ
ΪӢ۵ĿֲʦǾƣߣ˷ܾͷȥ󣬱㿪ʼػϢ
ֳҲڶݵϢ󣬸صĸ߲ٶȾһ칦ᡣεĹģɱһǰǳˣ
黹кܶࡣ
Ŀֲʦרŵװͳһ𻯺ɽǻ֮¡ͬʱΪǾٰһʢ׷ᣬֳڵȫ߲㶼ϢǶǹĿ϶ҲǶֲʦǵһȻֻһʽӰȴ൱
ǶӢۣ
Եн鲢ïһݽҸۡ
ıЩĿֲʦƺţ˵ʱҲЩӡȵɥʬǵĽȵȷǳߣǴ½ĸ˲ֹһΡڲٶôˣиɥʬ½Ϸ£ǰȵʱ䲻̫ã
̾˿ȻԻǰ;ЩǡֻڼʶӡȹɥʬѲĻ߲ҲٵĶδû˵
ֳ̬ȴ˲ıϡ̨Ϲŵĺڰɫ˶ԼĺͶɥʬʹޣǵ׷ѵģ֮ǰսҲݡҿֲʦĽɥʬʲô
ֲʦ
ıһ㶣漴ϲԿֲʦѾЩ˽Ȼֲ֪ʦζʲôÿһȫµĴ󾳽磬ζʵķڻԸĽɥʬЩѣһֲʦĽɥʬٲв


367 ݺµ
Ϊȫӡĵһɥʬֲʦ˲СĴۡ
Ⱥжʮֲʦڴսи˱ĽɥʬˡܻϹսķֻҪϺüȻǵûмֵģΪֱӵ֮һֳջ˴Ļ꾧
ڣͻֻʣһţ
μǳ׷󣬵ڶһֳ͵ˡ
ĳɥʬȺӡȺɥʬǱڵľ޴в⣬ɢڸصɥʬɥʬҲ𲽽ʵֳ֪Լ뼰Ľ׿ֲʦľ磬ܼȵѹסɥʬһͷ
רŵɱֳΪ˳һŬ
ʵĽͨɥʬĻ꾧ЧԽԽֳҪĻǷԴһĻĽɥʬ꾧ֽ׶õѡֻǻĸ߽ɥʬֳɱˣҪɱ߽ɥʬĻֳòϰʱԶϣ
һжʱ䣡
ֳĸɵһֻǿĽƻߺ󣬵꾧ڴչֳ׵ǵν׵ʱܻȽϳҪͻΣѡ׵Ļصɽͻơ
пֲʦĳ
Ѹٷ˵Ϻֳ˼ĸԶԶıԼǻ֮·ûʼͻƵḶ́ǻ֮ļӳɾѾܿת
ֲʦˣ
ֳĬһԼȻϥ£ʼȫӡۻĸֻ꾧漴ɴļϪѸעڡĴֳ̼Լļٴ߻£ܵתʼټӿ죬һˢֳ壬ͬʱʵʼ𽥶ҡ
ʮγķḻֳȵŽȣڻһֱһͻƣ
߶ͻƵװ˶ΣҪǱһͻƵ׶εʮࡣھЩӵɱֳҲǻ㹻Ļ꾧Ȼ˵Ҳ㹻ͻƵµľˣ
ɫĹâֳڣѾʮֽӽʵʣ
Χֳļĸֲʦֱզ࣬Ǿȵķֳ֣ϿգĽɫŨķ·ˮһѹһ¾ܱɽɫʵĸоҲͻƹȻ֪ӿأֻǺСһ֡ڹ˾ˣֳ֪ڵǶôӴ
һ̣ǶֳĿֲʵе˽⣡
ǻûعʱǹڵʼ粨һ֪ǵͻƽҪͷʱ̡һǺˣǻ۵Ļ꾧ǰܾܿڹؼʱ̺󾢲㣬󲻽ûܳɹװ˷֮ǰеĻ꾧
ҲֳΪʲôҪʮղͻƵԭ
ȻΪϵĵһֲʦҲǿˣֳİѾ൱ľ硣۵Ļ꾧ȵ֧ŵĳҷ£ֳ˲ͻƣʽװ˶εľ磡
ļҲԽȻﵽ˸߽׿ֲʦ۷壡
ٽһͻƴԲ磬Ȼֲʦˣ
νףֳõֲǵش̡˿̵ֳȫûͣ鿴ֲ˼ֻ΢ƽһܣϤȫµʵ漴ᶨĴӡǿռһŨҩ
Ϊ֮ǰѾԼһΣָǮԸնһһƿεŨҩһ۸Ҳߵľˣһר÷ϵĻǻ֮׸ˡȻЩҵĻѸֲʦʵȣȫֵһᣡ
һͷҩȵֲֳʦ
༫õŨҩһ壬ͻůֳѾﵽ۷ٴӿӸ߽׿ֲʦͻƵֲʦҪһֲֵɢڵŨҩԴԴϵɢĴ߻ͻƣ
ԽŨֳ˷·𶼱ɫûС濴ֻܿһȫˣ
ĸȻֳ֪ٴͻƵ壬ĽǾϲֳʵԽǿǵǰ;ȻҲԽԹžǴºóֲʦֳɾǿɼĲ
ӹȥˡʮӹȥˡ
ֳϿʼɢŨĽɫâ̫һҫۡȵγ˳ϫһĲǻ֮ҡҷϡĴ󶯾˴Ҵߵĺ档ڼĸѶϹĿֲʦæ£Ǽʱ˾ƣڸֳʲôţ
ͻʧֳܺû٣ڷõŨҩ׼һ
˵һλˡֳ֪ѾӽޣǻܳɹֻʱͣȼٴλѼӱĴһһƿµŨҩ
ǵȻϣģ
ԣͻһҪɹ
һֳ𣬵ڼҪڵȫһǺһǰ·βƵһɶǧ˵ֲͨʦǵźȻ
һֳ̣ʵٴεõ˷Ҽûޣ
һȫµĻγɣճֳϵ֮ǰѾȶҲ𽥵ű˴˵ϵȻȫµγһȶΣʮĿŵڵ㻷ĵΧγһǰϵͬһʱ䣬ȹ̵ͬʱֳʵҲͣȶһ֮ǰĸ߶ȣ
ֲʦ
ͻƺֳĹâˣʵļ޷ȫͶ䶼ɢżơȻεƣֳоʵﵽһ޷󼰵ľ磡˵߽׿ֲʦɾͣ԰ĩĻǿֲʦ͵ݺµʵ
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˵ûаĿţΪ֮ǰȼܣֲʦһ߸ʽǾţ
֮ǰֳǿҲֻͨĽӴͷųȥ߱塣ڣѾʵʣ·һųıǣֳС˵ܴ֡ﵽԴԴϡĳ̶ȣԶŴУ
ʮһǻ֮ϴͳֳʵĿꡣ
ָָֻۣ΢΢һȡһ£ɫ۳ɽ״ϢĶ˲佫͵ϣ·𼤹⵶һ㣡
Ҫ֪ļͿԽصϼ׸ߵǻ֮ġذҲҪðʱ䡣ֳһָɵĽϡһֶΣ似ˣ
󣡡
Զļĸ𺳵һĻȫɵۣΪֲʦҲûܱסǱϵ򶨣


368 еҶ
ţһԶԶɱУֲֳֻʦ֮һ
ֳϲļĸ˼䣬˵⡣뻻ط׷ſ˽һս
ֲʦֳٶٶȵõһʵ˵֮ǰֻǿĽʳٶͬĻھǳ׵ĳԽ²˪㶹ֵļ٣ҲȵĿĽʳϡʱ٣ԳٹܵٵĻһЩ
ңΪǿֳ࣬ڶ̶һ˲ٵֲֵ
ٶȣѾȫԽͨķӦֻҪգ۵Ĺ򣬶ԷʹӰ׾ǰѾȫܹƵ˲ˣ
Ӻֳͳ̫ˮ⡣
ҵһĽֳȫĸƻܵļӳ£ֳÿһȭнɫľ·ȭԶʮ׿ʯ顣ȫһŵĻսǰ·ϵķϸְߴֳǿйֳоһޱȵĳ죬·Լ˹ŴĶϽаȡ׼ʵ
һ򣬴Ӵٲ⣡
²ֲֳҲܿʵɥʬ
˷˺ðֳ侲˿ǹֵءԼֱӲķϽŵĴЦڿʼĽɥʬвֳţĽƻ߳ǰԼҲŵܶķ
οܵ⣬ȫµֲ
߶ͻƵ˶ʱֲش̡ʱֳ˼żͻƣûôֲʱ䣬ϸֲ
˵ٻҪʵߣ¸㶹¡Ȼȴ㶹ǿˡɫֲ￴ȥһƽʱʱᰲȵǱ±׵ĵطһĿ澭ͻ䶯Žͳ棬ԷɳĴ˺
ң˷ʱ̣ͨʱش̶ڵ£ײᱻɥʬǷ֣
ԤڵǣһֿԳʱֲεİͨͨĳֲҪϹͷıһƬش㲻ʲôչҲƽףǼ١ǧشһƬǾֲ̫ˣ
һش̴ɹͽΪɥʬ
ӴԺɥʬŶԿֲʦǵв󽵵ֳ͡ѾˣҪһЩؼλشֲΨһǣٻֳֻһˡȻܿȥѾƾһ֮ӵҴߵĻⲼش̴Щ
ô˵ش̵ĳ֣ζֳһȫµֶκͽʽ
ֲ⣬ڿֲʦʱֳֻٻҶݵ
һֶ๦ֲܵŵ̬ǿ磬ݫҶһԸеɥʬл̬ĻͻֱһߡֻҪװŵܣֳͿĵɵķУ
Ҳ˵ǿ˷еֲ
Թ˶աڶʮͷ˷ɻ󣬷Ѿʲô⡣ǣЩеƾ˵ͷգԾǲɵ£ڣֳȻϵһҶݣȴǿٻģ˵ƾ˵ʵգ
ҶŲȶȫϵ͡ٶܴȱ㣬ȴ˷룡
ͬʱҲֳδ齨дṩһõչ
ڣֻҪɥʬûжԿյֳҶݴӿ޼ɵĹǡǵɥʬֻʣĽƻ֮½ذʱҶ𵽵øǳģ
ٻһҶݺֳԼҶ£Ȼ󻺻Ŀˡ
ΪǵһΣ⣬üζˤֳ㹻һֱڵͿԷɣʮȦӺϤŵܣֳҲܷɵģˡֻٶȣ½ϱ֪ܲ˼
ʲôʱܰҶݣķأ
ſзֳĿ⡣Ҫ׶ΣΪֲʦ֮ѵڵĸշɣ
Ҳ㹻ˣ
ԭط˰ֳտҶһ·ɻɽ
ôһ˲䣬ڰѲߵαֲʦԱΪĶʲôɥʬˡҪʱǲޱȾȵķڿзɵľȻǵܳͷϵŵǸȥеĩǰĻèǱϾǷ谡
ĿһĻǵǾ桢Ľ
ʲôʱԼҲܱøܳһǿأ
ͷȻֹһСֳɹɽĿһеҴǶ̲סƵ뷨Ҷݵĳ֣ɴ죡
Ȼֳ½𺳻ֹЩ
ֲʦľֳһֱ޷ʹõ׼ũҲһ̿ʼֻҪ׼Ͷ֣һ㹻ֳٻ֪ǿֲ׼ũڣ
һֳԼ׵ֲȥʽĻڣȴκûΪ֮ʧɫܵע룬ÿһʱ䣬׼ũڶһö޴׸߱ӲĿֲʦʵ̵ĻֻһӣĻҪӣǣ׸߱ȴǿȻ𹽣
˵Ҫ΢ǿôһߣ
леŵ㣬׼ũڶУ𹽵ȱ㡪̵Ͷž룬׼ũȴûС෴ģִ۰ֲǵ䳵ɵһķΧڹκһ㣬뾶ʮ׵Ŀ궼ڴΧ֮ڣĽɥʬ׼ũڵĺըҲҪ
ڻ𹽣һòþɱ׼ũڽеֲʦǵԶ̴ǿֲʦǵļǿڣ
һ뵽ļʮũɵֲڲӣֳĳ
⣬ԸӡȵɥʬֺôѾӲôˣ
ܳʾһ׼ũڵɣ
ѾϹĸڤ֪ũڵϢԷ׷ֳڿһڡǺܺ棬ֱֳ˿صֲεǿ
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ʵ˵ֳҲ൱档µ£ֳѡһĿ꣬ȻڸгͶ֣׼׼ũڡһڿֲʦеע£׼ũ͵һž޴ĳ׸߱䵽գ
ݵաк׸߱Ŀ꣬Ǵ϶ΪΣĽХ˹ȥ
䣡
׸߱ص˲䣬޴ıըըƽݡͬʱԲʮ׵ضǾ޴ĳ˺˵رϵһСֲʦгļǽҲȫݻ٣ֻڱԵλõһǽǿǿס˱ըҵƻ
ըƽϢֲʦ߽ĿһʱǲĻ
׼ũڣֲʦǽ绢ٲκɥʬ


369 Ȩ
ֲֳʦϢܿеҴд˿
ɽϵȻȵ֪ģң˻ۿֳ׼ũںͽҶݷеĻ档Сʱ󣬻صĸ߲Ҳ֪Ϣ˷֮£ҲΪû΢ЩɧҴ߰ģһڸ߲ܿڹ㲥ͨܳ׵£
ΪӡɥʬֻţϢĥƽ
ڣſֲʦռͨҴ߶Ҳ˴µ˽⡣룬һλ֮ʵࡣֻǴװ˶εĽһΣҲ֮𡣻Ǹ߽׿ֲʦʱֳܴɥʬֲʦҴȻ±õʮ㣡
κɥʬͻܳǵػ
ǣһܣٴƽ
ǱֳĽ״ֲ̼ʦǿʼһֵɱɥʬȳǵŬ£ذٹڱͲɥʬԽˡĻᣬסڻĹݻҴ߿ʼﱸǽΪɽսԾһԼͬʱֳָ£Ҳʼģָ
ʱԵĶкϢ
ڼмֲʦ£һ֧˵ĶⷢһõͻվͬʱҵĴú̿ӵ󣬻ĺڲ飬齨һ֧ӣôվǨ˺ü˺վ˵˻ʮĵطʼװ
֮ǰֵú̿ϻվģûվ͹ʵ£ϻһЩҪĳ˳
ڻ糧ĳ֣ؽԭǺܿصú̿Ҳе˸ȼ͡ʳһȼսλáһʱ䣬ԵĿֲʦͨĶ׷׼Ӵ˶ú̿Ĺעʵռ˲ú̿
ڼҴȡů͵糧£ٶú̿Ӷ࣡
˭֪⿿ռĻ϶ܳ־áȻûúֳ֪õİ취ǾֲʦӣոĳУֱռһúԹԴԴϵھ򡣿˵Ҳؽıؾ֮·
ȻƻҪĿֲʦԱ֤İȫҲҪ㹻䡣
ֲʦֳģ˰ﲻæû㹻ľǰҲû취顣ڣֲֳʦľ磬ӵʱҲٶ̣һ죡
ζţڿʼֳĶÿ춼ܵһµĿֲʦ
֮ǰĹɣֳܻɵ׵Ŀֲʦ֮ľʱӽȡʱޡʱֻҪ㹻ľң⸳κӣ
ǰ;ܹ뷨ҲܺãҪһͻƵֲʦ߾磬·ҪߡӿֲʦͻƵֲʦ֮Ҫʱǰ׶μҪֳԼģ
һ·ôѶ߹ˣһ׶εͻҲֻʱ⡣
׿ֲʦⲻ̸ͨҴߣ͸ȱˡҲ˵ص͹ݻûʮҴߣ½ϵϡؿ£ĸϷؾΪṩڻص
ͨŵĻָǵ죬ض˽⡣֪֪ˣлزŻӡɥʬĹսûгɣ׷Ҫ뻦ֳͷ󣬲ʮʱ䣬ڻĽӦ½Ǩ˹ڵŶӣ
أԼٶͣ
ֳҪһµʱ䣬ϷеĴͻض뻦ʱӵǧҴߣȫ԰ڵ塣ôڿʼͿΪ齨һȫµȨ׼ˣ
Ȩ𣿡
һСΧĸ߲ϣֳ֪Ĵһĸ߲ȫ
׶ǨԭȨʵϾѾˡڣһͳϷĻأƬϿǨ׶Ҳڲͣ˥䡣˳֮£ȫϴ½ĵһѽΣ
һȨԲֻ˵˵
ڹ˽߲Ƕֳ֧뷨
ǣº󣬻˿͵ֳʽٿȫ߲顣ڶصǰ߲㶼һϯȨ⡣ʣεļºЩǰ߲㲻ԸΨģֳͶ޳Ʊ
һȫµȨҲĩӰȨѸٻȵĳ¯ˣ
ӽ쿪ʼȨͬʱĩձΪĩԪꡣȨԭظ߲Ϊ壬߳ԾɳܳΪֳͬʱɽ͵ϵԭ̫Ϊ֮ǡĩ2Ĵ֮ǽ⿪ţΪֲʦרפأھסҴ߽һǨ
νȡֳķԣĩһȫ½׶ΣںΪĩԣ
ֳԷ˽Ȩ齨ʼҵĽ
֮ǰҴߣᱻͳһɢ䵽ɽΧĳ򡪡Ӧ˵ǻ֮ˣΪˣԭذѿĸȫ˳ʼΪҴ߾ͽµĻأ˻ز⣬ᰴջǵķսԣ½
ԱҲһͷ۵⡣
ʮصĹԱϲ֮󣬿϶Ҫüһ󲿷֡ɸò˭˭ΣⶼǸ⣡
Ϊ˾ܵƴֳһ˺ü죬ٿۣ½Ϊߵĳ٣ͳȨľȨֳĵλӹɵġдʦڣκ˶첻ңֳøǣûܵЭҲѹˡΪµУֳʶ˿ֲʦ
⣬нԸշֱȨ߾ͳ졣
ǰ߸쵼ͨľӣ߸쵼αֲʦӣֳָĿֲʦŶӡ㡢ƽˣҲаšְ棬Ǯ񡢲ıǣҲһȵƿס
ڲ֮ǰĻشƿǺڲĸ
ܵ˵ֳȻΨ׵ɣϻǰģܹ֤ȨȶתңһЩؼλϣȻֳ֣ҲֻһලáȵģЩרţ
ȻҴߺ͸߲㶼ΪȨæĲɿʱĳɥʬȺӡĺɥʬȴûֹͣŲ
鱨ĳ׷£ֳʼεǵ١һ·ʮҴСһҴӪغĳɥʬȺӷ׵ĲһͣĳȨε
ڵٶʮ֮Ǿͽƽ̫ˮ
ڰٷϴ˵Ȩһ޴в
⣬ӡĺɥʬҲڵĳƶֻǣڲ໹һǧʱ֧ɥʬͣƺڵȴʲô
ǵĹжֳ鱨˶Ϊ⣬ΪɥʬΪû˼άܿƶɥʬ֧ɥʬп϶нȷǳߵƿ
ȻֳʵﵽǰǿĵزҲҶԴ˵ģ


370 սɥʬȺ
Ȩȶһʱ䡣
ڸԱ£Ȩһжڳõһ淢չڻָǶδĺҲԽԽȻĸ߲ûôֹۣӽΪ󳬼ɥʬȺвʱƱԽԽ
ӡȵĺɥʬȺͣúڻָٶȣʼȨĵ̼
ʡɥʬȺڿĿһܺҲȲĽӽ
˵ɥʬȺδԤĺܳһʱڣпвȨɥʬܿһȨȻգ㹻ʱؽһûסԼĵ̣ǲҪصĴۣ֮ǰȡõĳɼҲȫԣΪϷҲ˶ĻأȨҪɥʬȺ
鱨Ϣ֮ǧɥʬȺͽ̫ˮıԵ·ʱ׼ĻڽܵӰ죡
ֳܳ칫ıڸµ
ĩˣ̲סһԼжϣûʲôĻɥʬȺܻܿӡȵĺɥʬȺһһһϷйǡĻΣտɾʹˡ˲ıǵǾ綯֣Ƚһ
ģ
ֳ˰֣յһֱעɥʬȺǵĶȻһԣµ֪ǧģĳɥʬȺѾǰֳԾûжٻţ򶨵ʣǵõôˣ
һǰȷɥʬȺȨֳͷµĿֲʦʼһǰĳ
ʱ㹻ԣԿ϶ܹɥʬȺСʧ
ıȻְܾԺԥĴֹϣܼѾ³ʮöסҪǳĿֲʦʵͣõ׳ʱ䲻ЩѾúõĵʧˡͷɥʬȺִĻܴչһöף
ϰö
ֵȻֳ⣬Ϊɥʬܼܹһըֻɥʬǣ׵˺Ը߽ɥʬЩˡһˣʵɥʬδܴﵽ֡
Ҳ֪ԼѾˡ
ܹǲŬֻ˵ֲʦĹģ
һֳ̣޲ԼͻȻʱ䣬Ȼ齨һ֧ǧ˵ĿֲʦŶӣٸԼαֲʦɾţĿԺɨˣ
ıȻҲ˺̬ȱֳֹۣǻܳĵش̴ֻҪг㹻ĵش̣֮ǵıؾ֮·ϣͨɥʬǲö˵߽ɥʬը˺ٱĵش̴Ҳס
ҵ룡
ֳ΢еƣ͵ش̸ײͬװúʲôùܣֱӱըһ˰ˡشڳֲٻԿֲʦһѹСԺԲƣۻǧʱѾֲʦľ磬Ҳһסģ
Ҳǣ
ıеʧϾٻش̵ֳֻһˣٻ׵Ҳһٶࡣֳ׸ɵǣ˵˶
ҺӡǿռµĽһеش
ֳһת͸©һϢ
ЩֳûԼ沼һĵش̴ȻܹеɥʬȴЧıֳĿԤأ谭ɥʬĽ
Уг֮һĵشֳ̱׼˵ش
ǹ㶹ֵĸ߼סǴ繽ĽһشҲǵش̵Ľֳ׼һش̺ٻشڳʱ䡢ǹϣȫ泬ش̣ҷʱüӲޱȣͬʵĻң
ͨĵش̣ƽʱڵ£ѱ֡һͻ¶رпܻᱻɥʬݻ١شЧֲȱݣĸ
ı۷Ź⣬ͷϣֽ׵ֲܹʤ
Ļ͵õӦ飡
ȷɥʬĽȺֳеĿֲʦαֲʦӣھ̫ˮʮ幫һ·ϣɥʬȺչ˾ѻһΣȺɥʬǧԶ֮ǰӡɥʬֳȴûѡӦԣֱӴһʤ
⵱Ȼֳ⣬˼Ǻľ
Ҫԭ㣺һֳ˿ֲʦ磻ڶɥʬʵӡȹɥʬмĲ࣡
ȫµľ磬ֳʵǣ˵ش׼ũʵöǿֲɥʬȻطԸһЩ»ĽȣɥʬıĽɥʬԶûӡɥʬȺôࡣԣɥʬȺӡɥʬȺ屶ֳȴһټǣ
Ψһѵĵطܾⳡսʱ
һǧɥʬºŶɱҪɱϺð죡ǴзΧֲҲԶͨˣһǻ¡ϾŴսУʮ˵ĶԾҪϴֲʤοһǧVSǧ
ܲսĿֲʦ֪˵ıȴû֮ǰһսʤǸֲʦ㹻ġ˵ֲʦֳҲȷţĽɥʬٲв
׿Ľ׵Ļͨɥʬм£
ܳɥʬͷӣֻʮˣ
ߵͨѶУ鱨˼ʱİϢ˹мרΪⳡսֳҪɳ鱨Աܼʱĵ֪Էһж̬ϢֲʦҲ׷׽أʼԴ
ΪɥʬƶٶȽʮ·ǻǻ˺һᡣ
Ǿ߶ȼеԵʣϵĿֲʦֻʱܾúıըŽ
֮ǰʮױըѾķˡһ£ϰף̲ס˶䡣ֻǰĵƽϲϵĳֱը̳סɥʬĴȻɥʬǰ벽˵˹ıըǴǵٶȡʮӺıըƽϢ
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ޱ޼ʵġɫĿֲŻǡѸݵĽŲ·Ӹ߹εǱѶϢɥʬһȳ˳ɻûȵܳǾһͷΧĵش̴
ڿֲʦǾע£ԭƽ·Ȼ˰䶯һӲ̴ӵ̽˳ݺݵĴ˲ɥʬһЩѸص£ȴһιʱٶȳ̽˳ڽһ̣ǧˢˢĳ֣·ǹһ㣬ȥޱ𺳣
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󲿷ɥʬΨһķӦͷǰ塣
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ֻ߽ɥʬ˼ο֪÷Ӧٶȹƣŵش̷ʱ򷴻
ͨĵش̣һЩݻ١
̤ͬʬǰ˵شĵʱͲˡشĽͷǳѸ٣̽һص棬Ҫץסǳѡټ̽ʱļӲ̶ȣɥʬǴݻٵشͼա
ǵش̵ɥʬǧԵò׺һڣǵش̴еɥʬ
ڣڵķӾÿֲʦˡ
Կֲʦ͵ش̵ļй׸ߵɥʬҲֲ˼ӡɥʬ͸ˣȫµӣһһƬֻеĽɥʬֵʱ򣬲ܿٶȺ͵ش̴
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ֲʦľֳٶȺͷӦѾȫ泬Ľɥʬŵܣֳܹ׵ѹشǡؼǣֳзȻҲܶĽɥʬЧⳡսĽѾע
ֻĽʳߣ͹ٵĳΪɥʬеһֻΪֲʦܵļһ
ʱֳñֻǱһԵ̬гȻ󹽡Ȼϣܵһʹòûɹȴһϲԭ߽ʱֳĽɥʬʹûΡɽĸоȻԺԷڣȻ󹽣ȻĽɥʬҲҡòײѹֳȻЧ
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Ȼö˵ȻȻĽɥʬĳɹʲߣֳǳɹİֻʳ߱Ŀܣ
ĿֻĽɥʬֳԳɥʬȻǵʮ㣡
ͬģ¿һĻҲ̲סĽɥʬܱɿֲʦĿܣϣʲôǿֲʦ˵ģ룬ɥʬսУһЦ
֮£ֲʦǵķԽ
Ѿƽش̴ҲٳһЩ٣ɥʬѾ˼Ĵۡңֲʦǵ׼ũڲҲûáΪսֳӡʮ׼ũڡΪֲĵȼߣֲӡѾ޷ӡֳòѸߵĴۣ³ֵĸ߼ֲӡӡ
˿̣׼ũڵĳֲʦվغ棬ʱ׼ṩ֧Ԯ
ǵʵҪһΪЩǿ˺׼ũڡܻмֲʦݣ׸߱ٶȻ죬ƽʵɥʬȺֳǵѹ̫󡣹ؼʱһֻ֧ԮϾ㹻ˣ
ٵڣֳûҪ֧Ԯĳ档ֲʦҲ⣬ֻҪͷһۣܿǾ޴׼ũڣʱͶ˵
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ıըУ·࣬ɥʬĲ֫Ѿѻɽȵס˵·һЩ߼ɥʬòСɽʬ壬淭ǼΪ˽Щ·ϡֳò׼ũڣʬ峹ը١ˣɥʬ֫廹ԽԽ࣬Ҳƽ൱صĵز
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Щɥʬߴǧɥʬ˵ʲôֳڵϿԶĵƽϣɥʬԾޱ޼ʡǻɫ˳ͼᶨĽŲ̲ס˿ȥ﷢ôһЩʵĿֲʦѾЩƣҲɲЩĻɣ
Ҷ֪ھǱƴʱ̡ԣû˻ѡˣֻҧأսֳվǰ棬ֻĽɥʬӭɥʬмᶨǵЩĻ꾧Ϊ¶ڿʱ½ɢÿֲʦǴпϧ޿κΡ
һֱڣܹɻ꾧Ҳû֡ȻⶫûκսЧؼʱȴʡϲ£벻Щ꾧˷ѣ
ս磬Ȼֵּ˰
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Ψһֵҵǣҹ·ƻļӳɣֲʦǵʵȻҲܵӰ죬ܵ˵Ǳֶɥʬ㹻ѹ
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ͨ࣬Ҳ֧Ųס˼ҵսġҲΨпֲʦһһ
ܳͼƬжϣɥʬѾĳˣ
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ܶ࣬ͿԿһսɥʬȺʵѾˣ
΢Ϣ˰ƣĿֲʦ»ָ˰˳ɵսĻָٶȣҲǿֲʦеġ鱨ָ£ֳһ·׷˴ӹ·ȥɥʬʼս
֮ǰǧɥʬввֳֻʣЩɥʬûл֮
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žһսҲ֮һĿֲʦٽһ
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СʱͨĻ꾧ɢڿС߼Ľ𾧡꾧Ȼ֧ŵĸһ㣬̺Ҳŷɿɢ
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ѵҪϴһܷЩɥʬҲֳɼɱ
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ȻǴҶĽƿߣǱ˴֮϶ҪɥʬĿȨɥʬȺһͣȻԵͽɥʬٶΪ׼Ҳƿڧԭ򡣿Ⱥɥʬͬ˴˼ж뻮һȻӵӡζţֻĽƿܹȵѹסеĽɥʬ
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ֳ˼ʱѾ뵽ǻ֮Ĵ˺ӳ£ֲλ׼ũڵĿֲˡ£һȥĽɥʬشҲ˵
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373 Ҫһս
ȨʱֳԣסɽҲڵ֮Ҵߣĩ2ĶȥǨƳ
֮ͽɿֲʦǵʥء
ڣֳ߻ǻ֮֮ǱˮսݵļƻǨƼƻǰˡĩڶڵǰϦ֮ҴǱҪѸתơʱ뿪˵ϡΪ˼ǵֳҲȷǻ֮ƶɽĹлᷢʲô飡
ȨİٶȻǺܿģֻһʱ䣬ڵҴȫ̫ͨɽų뵽ϡʱֳҲѾϵ죬ʼԼܶһǻ֮ר÷ϣ
Ǯʱ䣡
֮ǰֳѾ½ǻ֮ĸ߶߰סȻˣ߶Ⱦһǧ׵ҪȻĺԶٶȣзϵ߻٣ǻ֮ҲӡɥʬȺִǰһǧס֮£ֳֻܺϧϣʹ˫ר÷ϼӿ̣
ˣǻ֮ĸ߶ȴ´ﵽҪʱӡɥʬȺȨĵҲֻͬʣһʱ䣡
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ֳȵע£ǻ֮һϵлֵı仯ĸ߶ʱȶɵɫȴĸˣƤҲһЩµĺɫģһĪĸо
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һЩ˵ЧҲΪ
սֳʮӭսӡȵĺɥʬȺȻǰܹɽɹ̶ĵɿǻ֮Ƶġܹ̫ˮƯƵĸ
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һ̣̫ˮ·˴ˮ漤˵ɽҵҡţֳеվȡһЩ֮صĽпʼϤµ۳שߣǽҲһܲѷ졣ںϵǰ̫ɽţⲿָѳ׿εĳУ
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ڣǻ֮ĸ߶㹻ߣ̫ˮҲԲͻһǧףһ붼ûСֳԼҶݵķͬҲ޿֣㵭ɽǻ֮ı仯
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еĿֲʦһսģ
һʮĶصĴ󵺶ƶʲôǿֲʦ첻˵أӡɥʬһԼȡʤ


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ʵ֤ǻ֮ɥʬеĻҪ
Ǹ߶ȳһǧ׺ǻ֮ʲôδ֪±仯ɣ֧֮ޱӴӡɥʬȺ߰˹͸о쳣ݵɧǵı˷򣬳֮ǵ˹
ͨߵ磬鱨˼ʱͨҪϢ
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ԾǵصɥʬȺԶԶĴʳ֣·ɫĺͺûһУǣĿֲʦ󶼶ξֳ棬û˭¶ʲôŵɫ֪εɥʬȺʵǿԾû˭ˣ
ĩڣҲѾףȻԼ˵ӵǿܣҪӦĵΣ
˵ˣε׼Ҳϴθ㣡
Ȼģֳµĵش̴Ҳ࣬ǻֲ֮ʦơǧ׸ߵǻ֮ӳ£ֲЧڷǳֲ̬սĿֲʦ˵ļӳɼֱ
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ԶһѪɫӰһȣɥʬǰ棬ʱֳע⡣
ǽȼߵӡɥʬȺ
ŵ𴦣ĽɥʬѾǾԵĽʳ߶ܳ䵱ͷĽɫˣֳۿһ·˹ΧĵȻֱͦͦĳ˺СϧǣɾִټڵĺͨɥʬЧ΢赲һǵǰĽʳ߾ûʲôЧˣ
̶ĹǵѪɫӰԾ
ĽŲҲֹˡ
ڳ̫ǰֻʳֲʦע⡣ٿ׼ũڵĳֲʦϲɵֻĽ׻ɫȨǿź졣ԣʳ߸ش̴̾ʱ׸߱ȻûкģֲʦԤеҲû̫ĲըǽֻʳУ
춯صıը
ӱ׸߱ЧȷеڿֲˡȻȥðĢƣԲ׵ķΧڣһɥʬ˺ƬĽʳȻֲĴΧѹ£ûӹһ٣
˵ɱÿֲʦҲЩϲ£ˡ
̶ȵĹȻǿֲʦֳڳתܣϹսı²ǿ˵סͨȻҲҪѲƤҲֻĽƻ½ذŸҿڿס׼ũں
һ־һֻĽɥʬ£սҲڶֲʦǾһ
ͷû˭ϲ
Ӻ󣬾ִټڵĺͱԴԴӿɥʬ¿ֲʦѾʼԶĺɱ֮ɥʬԾ޷赲ǵǰܿ죬ŵش̴ɥʬǾͳİ˾ֲʦֻжʮ׵ĵط
һߵĿֲʦѾĿɥʬκһϸڣ
࣬óȻͳȥɶɥʬ˵ڶʮ׿⣬ǻ֮ٻҲܾˣǱ˹Ȼξ벻ɥʬҪͻƣȴҪ㹻Ĵ۲У
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ڶǹӵÿһŻ㶹ӵ·С͵ǹһ㣬һƬƬܼıըһЩֲʦԶԶӣըȫѻɥʬ
Ŀֲ£ܳ嵽һߵɥʬһ
̫ϣѻʬܿ챻ɥʬӵСڿֲʦ˵һƣٲõᱻɥʬĲ֫赲ˣʮӹȥˣǰɥʬȻûһֻͻƶʮˮģ
ÿֲʦĴɽɸƻֳҲԽĳݺŷ
һĳݵ׻ͻң
ܴ֮£ɥʬҲӦܿ죬ʮֻĽɥʬӣǧֻɥʬһ𣬷һ˵ĽǿȵĽ£ͨĻѹƾԵЩˡѾ׼ʱ׼ũڲӼʱֳԽھڵֲ˺Ƿıըÿһ£ܴԵ˺
һ𺳵ĺըɥʬĹƱ״壡
Ȼɥʬ˵ʧԾɲʲôɥʬĽɥʬԴԴϵĳ׼ũȴչзġĴۺЩɥʬڳ嵽˶ʮ׵ˮǰ
ˮߣƺһ˲ϧɥʬžͰȥ
ֻǣ̫ˮصɥʬΪЩɥʬĵ֡ЩҳǹֵɥʬˮкҲûˮϵĲ֪һвɥʬڴȥɥʬ⡣ˮսɥʬȻƣ
ɱ˺üСʱ
׼ũڽƬ򷴸ը󣬲ȱɥʬڽǶʮ׵ǵƽһЩɥʬˮк󣬺̤ܿߵʬȻ󳯵ϵĿֲʦǷ
սһ̲㿪ʼ
ƺǿʤ⣬ɥʬǽĸˡôһᣬֳҲòԳ֣ôŽЩɥʬ´ȥʱͻȻӵ鱨֪ͨ˵дƬɥʬ߷
ǵصһƬ˵ҲҪмʮϰ򣡡
ṩϢ鱨ԱЩգΪսǰҵעӡɥʬȺϡȻǾͰѸ߻ԵɥʬȺˡֱǰһ鱨Աзһ㣡
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Ǿս»жʮӵ·̣
ƶƻʱֳҲûֿɥʬ顣ǼȻˣֳҲšǻ֮ϵֲλڣȫϸһսʮˮķѾɥʬ˴ˣڵѾƽʱδõѡ


375 춯ķ
дȺɥʬڣǻ֮£
鱨ٶͨɥʬȺĽȺֳһʱ䣬еĿֲʦصԤս
ԸԭƻͻȻ䶯ֲʦǲûʲôҡֳ´Ǻܿ㰴ƽʱҪж׼ũڲӴһֺըɥʬĽͷѹơóֳȷַȥĸ߼ֲӡƬļũ·ӡ
һЩֲʦ׺ǽܸȡһʱ䡣
еĿֲʦǷ׷׶ܣ󷽵ǻ֮ȥٵɫ⳯һƶǸ滹Ǻ׳۵ġαֲʦŵľӿٶȣҲֻǿ׷ϿֲʦӡЩмֲʦ߰˶εģ߼߽׿ֲʦûóȫ
𣡡
ѻǶʱ˺Ȼ뿪ˣɥʬǷһҺĹֽСɥʬ½ͻͼǽɥʬѸβֲʦ׷˹ȥǣֲʦǵٶȿɲô׷ϵģοֳȻֻĽ׿ܵ
һЩٶȿɥʬʱֻĽ׿ܺԥĳȥɵǣ
һæֲʦһ·˳˳ˮĳ֮ǵġʱѾԼԿƬˣɥʬȺѸٽӽ
죡㣡Ծλ
ֳĴߴ£ڶֲʦαֲʦ׷µĵȻǽԼɿľ͵Ҫĸ߶ȡЩޱȵ֦ϣһֲλֲѾλʱ׼ӭɥʬ
ϰɥʬȺǺ͵ϵɥʬһִġ
ƺǴûһǧ׸ߵĲյɥʬȺ˺üȦʼûж֡ԭⱻǳ׵סֻзеķ϶żŻ¶һ⡣֮£Ӻһ·׷ϵӡɥʬȺ׺ˡǲŹһС֣ѾȲĶǻ֮չ˽
ȻΪֳĸڣǻ֮ķôͻƵģ
Ҳ˵µЩش̴ڳã˵ϵֲλڵһʱɥʬչ˹ǧֻɥʬŸտ빥ķΧͱХ㶹ӵСѻӵ׼ũڵȺ˸ɸɾ
ԭɾĵҲЩɥʬ֫ŪһƬ㡣ҲµũﱻǰոȻ⼸ɥʬһ壬ճɶҪˣ
עϣ
˶վݫҶϵɥʬҲ𽥷ֳɼ󲿷֣½׼幥һЩֲʦվǻ֮ϸ߲Ŀʼһɥʬ̣ǾҪΪǿ
һӥ䣬ɥʬĽʽ죡
ֲʦֲλϵֲҲͬʱһޱҵĻǻ֮Ĺ⻷£һεĿֲʦ񣬶״׵˺οϻǧαֲʦǵʵ˺Ч˵Ǿ޴
̶̰ӵĹƵɥʬ˦мʯһҵ˵ɥʬͷϣ
ǹͱըƺ̼ɥʬܿ죬ɥʬ񸩳ͬʱӡɥʬȺĴҲ½˹ʼɥʬһ𣬶Կֲʦǻ֮չʽĽ
ʵ˵ֲʦǻͷһĽ֮󡣸տʼʱ򣬺öֲʦæ˸æң֪ȴ˭á˸صתǹڣһԿաһתըϡ
ɣһֶԻ˷ѣ
е֦ϵĿֲʦһɶԿաµģȫ½ɥʬ
ֳĻһǸЩãĿֲʦǵһ·ԼڵĲֲʦǿʼרս˵ҪǼɥʬϡΪɥʬв󣬵ɱҲֻа򣬱½ɥʬҪٺܶࡣڵɥʬҪΪ
һֵĻţеɥʬҲʱƲϼ٣
ʱֳҲǺ֣Լת۷״̬
ֵĿֲʦϻٵðɫĹâȥΪҫۡɸ˿̵ֳǾһϡһˡȫֳֵϵ̫һ㣬ŨĽɫâ˴۵ĵزһɫ·𼤹⵶һ㣬Ϭޱȣײϵɥʬһⱻ˲ʬ
ǽȼߵıɥʬֳŵ£Ҳ㱻ɱ
ֻɥʬɽǾлɳˣֳת˲䳯˹ֳĸ֪ε񣬾쵽쳣˲ת˽ɫȭͷ͵ĻӳֱӸʮ׵ľ뽫⼸ֻչ׶Ĵɽ飡
ǿһĻĿֲʦ̲סΪ֮զ࣡
ͬΪߣǵȻı֣ζôʵֳ·ƶ޵̨֮ɥʬޱףݺ޵еǳݡĽ
ʲôʱԼҲܴﵽĳ̶ȣ
ȻΪĽĶֳȴɫȻ·˼΢顣˵򵥵һȭɱֻɽĲȫʵ糣ӣǸһָĪĸо
һСʱϵɥʬȺһա
ֲʦǼ򵥵ϢһᣬͶ˶ӡɥʬȺһս
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ڣԿտֲʦļ룬ԭҡҡ׹ķȶ
ޱȷïǻ֮סǵߣսڣ鱨ҲѾ޷֪ϵʵʱͼֻͨߵϵõڶֵϡе㲻ϰ£鱨Աʮɥʬ
Ѿ̤㵺ϵɥʬͬԾͣڵıԵλãƺڵȴʲô
ڸɶ
֮ǰӡȺɥʬȺͣǰŲٶԣЩɥʬͣͲͬ鱨Աͼ񣬿ʼдԵķ
һƬ˹ȥһۼԱƲһۣȻ󾪣

һΧһܿ죬ȥͼƬ˻ȥ˷ۿȥƬм䣬ѻɫĶ棬ԼиСɽšһĴŴе˶һ
ߣһǷߣ
Ǳ־Ե䶯ţ鱨Աһ۾ȷݡ˭֪ߵΧ϶Ŵĸ߽ɥʬ˵⼸ʮɥʬӡɥʬȺɱﵡȷ鱨Աܿͨߵ磬µϢתֳ
ߣ
ֳ֪֣Ȼһ㲻ĸоۿǻ֮µսȻȻ״ֲ̬ʦȴȵİסƣֳûչȥһ
뵽ٻҶݣ߸ߵķ뵺ϣ
ܵİ£ֳӺ˵Եһ·ĲԶ̹ɥʬͼӵһⶼʧˡܿ죬ֳǼʮɥʬϿգ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻķҲ˶


376 ɥʬ
ƬĻɫɥʬУһСɽľ޴ţȥԵøۡ
֮ԵڲŷΪԭɥʬ̫ˡɥʬУȻиͷɥʬֵĸҲСϾ鱨ûൽ԰ĵزɵɥʬֻʣ¼ʮʱ뷢һֻڲͬļһͱȽˡοΧдĽɥʬ
ֳڰдʱԭȻķߺȻҵ䶯
֮ǰ׶ֳۿֻߴĽɥʬĳ档ǰһĻƺһĻǳƣ
ѵֻҪʲô̬Ĺ
ڽȻ쳯ɥʬ˵ߴ߻ɥʬѾѶԸڱܺ˷Ⱦӡȣķߴ߻Ĺʲôӡͺܱ̬ɥʬٱһ£»ɳԽԭλĹɣ
̶̰ӺֳĲ²ͳΪʵ
һֻѩɫϳųëιֻжͷϻԼԿһĨĺɫֳǸһβ͵Ļ˵ҡһɡĸͷȥ׸ߵӣĽ׵ƻҪСһȦǣͲ󣬵ֳĸ֪ȴǰֻǳΣգ
ûֲʦǰͬʱֻĽɥʬҲûڵĸоǿң
ĽˣɴǴ˵еɥʬ
˲䣬ֳĽۡû뵽Լ뵽ĿܾȻˡӡȵıɥʬھߵĴ߻ǰǰʱ䣬Լ䲻ٶɥʬǰ䣡
ĵط֪ɾ쳯ӦǴ½ΨһɥʬĹ
ֳǺЩġ¹۲һҶݵĸ߶Խ͡ƺֻӷڳһֱİɫɥʬֵǻһ̧ͷСȭͷ۾ֳ
һֳ̣ȵķ֣зߺޣɱ¾Ҳ˸ɥʬȻͬĶǾǻۣ
ɥʬĽ׵ĹﶼǳŻҡֻɥʬֳͬ￴ƺӡӵһǻ۵ĶеֳԴɥʬĽǻۣǿ˲õˣ
жһȺǷܳΪ֣Ҫ棺һǷӵзֳڶܷӵǻۣ
ֻѩɫɥʬȲȻӵ˼ǻۣǽֻ顣Ϊһ࣬˵ӵܵĳˣֳԲɥʬչвȫ棡
ԣֻĨɱ
ֳи̵ͬʱֻѩɫιҲһֱֳôһȻ̧ͷֳķ͵ĺһֵǣĶܴ󣬵ȴûз
龰ȥΪ졣
Ȼڰеֳȴо·εȭֱӴؿһ㡣ǴʦܷӦ٣Է£˵ҪԸˣֳǾؿڲλ΢е㷢飡
ֻѩɫɥʬȻҲƿӵеľܣֶɸΪ죡
һδ֮£ѩɫɥʬƺЩŭһѹȻƸ߸ԾߴжʮסĵѾĽʳߡﵽߵ㣬ʱֻɥʬٶȶ׼ֳĺ
һ£ɱϴλҪ
͵Ľεľ񹥻ѷӰȥ١ֳУҲûǰԤж㿪ڵһεıֳ΢һЩȻڿеα޴ҡһ£Ծûˣ
ھֲʦǴµģֶЩƫ˺Ҳһ
οĶΨһʦĿֲʦ
ֻѩɫɥʬ׸ͨɥʬͬʧܺȻֳͷҶݵ⡣
⧲ֳûӿеʱгȫµҶݣű˴Ӱ׵Ŀˤı磡ڵʺŵܣ߶δؾˤ£ǼʮɥʬикܶĽ׻ɫˤΧȦУǿǲҲѷˣ
еԾֳѸסΣȻϽ˸߶ȣŰֻɥʬ
Ⱔ򲻻ֿɲֳķ
Ϊֻɥʬ˽ֳ̧гһӣըȻȫȥȨ̽ϧǣֻѩɫɥʬһֱۣǿľЩӣը飡
ȻǼװ˻׮Ļǹ֣
ܼĽѩɫɥʬľȷչ˲ˡȻٶȹ죬Զ㿪Ļ㶹ӵ󲿷ӵˣֻ˺ƫƫļӲԾǻ֮Ĺ⻷Ӱ£㶹ӵҲֻıµĺۼҺܿʧΣ
ӵʳߵٶȡƻߵķƿߵľһһǻۣ
ѵѩɫɥʬʵ
ȫܵĻ壬һһڶģ˵Ľɥʬĺ壬սȷָΪĿǰΪֳֹҲֻӴǰһֻɥʬԲȷɥʬǷбķࡣɾǰֻȫܵİɫɥʬչ¶ıɽһǵʵѾֳˣ
˵׵ɥʬһҲ֣
ǣһֻɥʬԶսĻԱ߼ʮɥʬֳһôԳҲѡǡֳڳɵʱֻɥʬȴûԥֱϵ֮Ǵٽ
Ȼֳղŵļ̽ŭ
ȻǾͳȫ㣡
ֳҲǻ֮½˿̿һϵֳͲ㡣ֹһ·ɻǻ֮ȴֻɥʬĳ֣
һƬɫѪɫ׺ɥʬȺУһֻѩɫɥʬǷǳۣ
Сʱվ׸֦ϵֳͿֻɥʬӰܲϣǽй׼ũڵĿֲʦ˳Űȫķ֦ǰߣȻһķΧ
ֻѩɫɥʬ𣿰ϣ
׼ũڵĿֲʦԶһ󣬵ظֳ֤Ȼܿж
Ӻ󣬽׸߱գ
ǻ֮ļӳ£ֲʦΪԷĽƻߣ±ըҲҪشˡɵ۵һĻˣö׸߱Ȼڰоͽըһö׸߱ʱನֻѩɫɥʬȴѹûܰˣ
аļֲʦٶȷһ֣Σ׸߱ԾЧ
ӣֲʦڻعζˡǰֻѩɫɥʬԲͨɫҪȻܳҲᱧԿ̬ǹˡǻȥ˳һֳ󣬼˲žȵĵֻ֪ȻǴ˵еɥʬ
˵ɥʬеһ֣
ϴٵԵʣҲɥʬɥʬǷʲôֺ֮ɥʬǵĽʵǵѾ࣬ʣɥʬԾڲƴ۵ķǰ̵ľͷʵҲÿֲʦʮֵͷۣ
ĸԴֻɥʬϣ


377 ֮ս
ɥʬǵȶѸٵļ١
Ȼڼֶǻ֮ɥʬа֮ࡣɥʬָ£ǵĽԽҡʱƣֲʦǵҲԽ᧿ΣһǳķߣЩɥʬͽֱӳ嵽ǻ֮£ֱвǻ֮İȫ
׼ũٴδһֺը󣬿ֲʦȫʼҵⲫս
֮ǰͶͶŵĴ˼õЧǰߵɥʬÿһ̤ӣɸֲʦȡʱ䡣ֳҲûĿֻѩɫɥʬϣ֪ǼһǽսĹؼ
ɱʣɥʬ˵һɢҲɢ࣡
ֻɥʬԾڼʮɥʬм䣡
ֳĥһᣬĿŵǻ֮ϴϡɥʬͷʮ״ҲһЩֻǣ֮ǰǻ֮Ŀ£ɱһɥʬֳ£ʮֻѸٳɥʬ˹ȥ뽫߿е֦ϣ
ֳ뷨ܼ򵥣ȻûȥɥʬȺսǾͰϵ
һΣԣʦֳԼʵĵġĻδؾʹ򲻹ֻɥʬԼ
𣡡
ɥʬһʱע⵽ЩչɾĽͶȸߵĶЧáûЧתʼԼǿǿЩ
ɥʬǿƻߵĻǰЩػ׵˺Ƭ
ֳüͷ
αֲʦһӪ
ֳִܿȥܵսѾ൱Խ⼸䵱Ԥӵ˻ǵתǹڣкɥʬڵ򡣴Ļ㶹ӵɥʬɱ٣ɥʬŭѣƿߵɥʬαֲʦ֦ɵ
Ǽ׸߱ɥʬٶȷӦԣ
⣬⼸׸߱ɥʬþˡɳᣬֳðҶݷֱٻ˱ǻ֮⻷ļӳ£ֳı˲佫׵ĵطһƬѩԶԶȥѩƮӰӣ
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Ȼӵƿ߾ɥʬ̶ȵıҲԵЩӦٶۡΧֳٶȻӿ˹һᵽ˼ʮ׵֦ϣ
ᣡ
ԤһĻֳ֣û˵ɥʬǻûӱ״̬ѳֱҶݷɻϡʱɥʬѾ°ֺͱĺӰ죬ȵվʮ׿ϣֻ۾סֳ

ֳǰ׸ߵĴͷȻһӵƣ漴Ҳû㶯ܣһȭ˳ȥ
ɫХһȭ״ݻһ̨ս̹ˣ
׵ɥʬֳŭˣҲԼ£·ӭ泯ֳ˹ֳȭֻһΣܿ˹ȻԼ¶м
ʮ׵ľ룬ɥʬ˵ֻҪһ˲䣡
ɾצֳֻһ׶ľʱǽĽηӦ٣ʱɲסΣԭеĽҲˡ϶ֳѸг˴繽Ȼ׼תĹƵʣͼ̳Դ繽ĶЧĽֻɥʬķ
ڶĸʴЧǽģһʱ䣬ɥʬĴڲΪ⡣עеֳϣĴУ
ҵսٴοʼ
ڰɥʬϿգǻ֮ϣֳ׵İɫɥʬڵӸ߿¿һһɥʬĽɫͰɫĹȦѸײһʱ䣬ֲ̬ЧֳĽɫǲͣǻ֮ޱȼͣһһɥʬƻս£˲ˣ
ôΣֳŵܽǻ֦֮ȥʮף
ɥʬȻսһ㡣Ψһֵҵľǣǻ֮ߴǧף֦ɷïֳɥʬսȻԶԶļޣſƳеҲͲôˡ
ǻ֮˵ǵʧƤëѡ
ΪעֳֻɥʬȻûȥԼԣŵɥʬƣֲʦǳûһεȹŶݵĴϢᣬҲʱĿ⣬עŵֳɥʬǳƺƴҲҪսϣ
Ӯ˵ĻȨӭһķչʱ䣬շɥʬռĳУؽ
Ǵ򲻹ⳡսĽԤˣȨҪܵӰ죡
ĩֳòײŴôһ棬Բ֡ⳡսҪӮ
ȻӵĽɥʬеŵһ׵ѩɫɥʬ治ôöԸġ֮ǰűߴ߻ףһЩķ衣ŸֳսļԼķԽԽ죬սյҲáֳоһȻǿȴκβľ棡
ƻߣֳٶ룬øֲͺ䡣
ʳߣֳҲǿĽսɵ
ƿߣ͸˵ˡֻҪûбɥʬæƿ߱Ǹ
ǣߵһֲ̫ˡֳǿƶٶҲֳ£Զֲþ٣˵β˵һʱҲκβֳֵֽľ棬Щ
ȻɥʬΣ
Ҫ֪ΨһʦĿֲʦ
Լľֳٶȴ߶ܣǳɵתȵһҪѵĸоֳҲųԽҫ۵Ľɫâѹ˼㣬·ˣ
ֳַųһɥʬΪҪһͽ͵Զɾڽɫֳֺ˫һţڼӲϲȳһԽӡֳ˷·ҵļһײ׵ɥʬ
ǴĹֳһɥʬ޴ײʮסķֳٶȽܻ㼯ϣ˳ȥ
һ۷һȴǱĶȾ˺þõɥʬ
һĸʴϮ£ɥʬΪķ½ֻ࣬ɥʬǿһĳ̶ȡķڵֳǰ̫ˡ־ڱصõһţɥʬ۳ߵİȥ۶ϣ
ɣǿսɥʬԵһ
ֳ˵ɥʬĺһЩŭܻΪоãĺֲܶʦоз͵˼ԼܳռϷ磬Ƿ׷ź˳
ֳԼɲҴ⡣
һ֣ɥʬԾ㹻Ļ֮ңһļˣֱɥʬСĻȻֲʦǴ鷳ԣϲûе⣬εĶסֻɥʬĶʱ׼׷ӹ
ʤ׷ôǳԵĵֳǶģ


378 ؽĿ
ֳ˿ɥʬʼŭҲ
ֳ֣ûôöԸԣԭӣתĿͶͣ⼱䶾ֻɥʬѾʶĹŹļӲ࣡
Ȼгʱֳ͸Ϲͷ
ɥʬĽȻϬҪ¾ͻƷϹͷ˵㡣οԱߵֳɲ֣һʱβɱ˹ȥɫ裬ɥʬòӦԡ
ֲʦȫôóܵģ
˺ôһĹɥʬƴŰֳü£ڽ״ݻ١ɻûһֳڸٻµġɫһŶڣɥʬǰһڵĸо
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Ƶɥʬֳôһǻ֮ĸ߲ȥֳȻ֪ΪʲôҪܣ˵Ǻ¡ֻҪͲֳֹϾͷֲԣΪֻɥʬȻǳǻ֮ϵЩֲλȥģ
ֳһɥʬǻ۹ȻǲСӣ
ȷʱԸɥʬȻתĿ꣬Щֲͣ⡣Ҫ֪ǻ֮µս֮ܵסֲλĻԮǺҪһ档Ǽֲﱻɥʬݻ٣ǶԿֲʦ˵Ǿ޴ʧ
Ȼһʱ֮£汻ɥʬˡ
ɥʬٶȺݣһ˼ƻ׷ȥ治סµĿֲʦֻһһչ׷𣬷·żɼ״磬Ʈת˲ƶʮϰסֱƻʮദֲλֳһסȻһ⣡
ҪѸٻɱôףֳȴһȡ
֮£ҪɸɡֻҪٶֳͿԴݶԸһΣһó˻𹽣
ҵıըڿյĢһ֣źüαըϵ֦ҶһȥΪȷУֳ΢ðһաȻԼҲ𹽵ĳУһڱըģǰӦ׼ԳеǱ⣬ϵûаˡɺݺݳһǻɥʬûôˣٶܴѩɫҲãദˣ
ᣬֳ׷ʹ򣬾׼ɥʬȣ
ʱɥʬҲʶʲôЩˡٶΧϴβϣҪˣ
ܳתֳ׷ȥͬʱϴµЩƴ۵ֹʱһ֧ԮսֲλҪͶ֡㶹ֲ֮һæɥʬЩֲԸƶɥʬʱ׼ͷѣܻвܻеģ
ٶսϵѣҲڸֳ˻ᡣ
ۿɥʬӸһ֦ʱֳ׼ᣬûһ˹ȥɫżƷ磬ɥʬ岻һΣԳһЩƫơµϣͶǰͶŵĴ̲ͣ
УɥʬŤûȫܿ
סĶʱ䣬ֱֳ׷ȭȫϡֻһѣܴɥʬҽгܿŭ״̬һ͵ȴʧȥƽ⣬Ϊһڿ֦Ϸȥʮס
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һȺɥʬ붯ˡֳԷſӣ׷ͿˡֻɥʬҲʶԼӲˣĵ屻ԵͷҪֳƴ
ӵܻ壬Ϲսֳ
Լ֮ϣֳͬƵһ㣬ֱȡ֮ŵֻܳɥʬֲҲƣӦƴûֳܴϹսɥʬ˼˿ڡϢ𽥱ȡֳϵĽɫâʢֽһȻֱ
ȫʢ״̬Ӽʮ׵Ŀɥʬûʲôһˣʴûظһˤͷǳˣ
ԾûΧɥʬı£ѸٳʣļʮɥʬȺг룡
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֪˭һֲʦע⵽ԭڸǺսɥʬȻٵĺ󳷡Ȼֻɥʬְֳ죬˴ҪˡЩɥʬڻ뿪Ա˺
Żɽĺ˭֪
ֳɲϣֻɥʬߣȻ£дŸɥʬǻ۵ĹµʱһԣҶֱӷȥ׷ֻɥʬ
һΣɥʬû֮ǰˣҲþֳͷӴܣ
׷׷ȥ
ɱɥʬҽǣ޻أ
տʼʱѾƣĿֲʦǿʼɿֳ׷˹ȥҲعζȺ׷ȥһЩѾƾһ֧ŵĿֲʦε΢ЪһᣬʼɨսϾô꾧ÿһֶҪʧ٣ռһһ㣡
һ׷սǰ˰Сʱ
ֱֳӿս棬ǿɱֻشɥʬΧɥʬȻӪȣֻĽɥʬֳɿܣסɥʬңĴΧҲЧֹǵԮ
һȲĵĲҽУɥʬջǱֳɵ
֮ǰͷһǿľ񹥻ֳǰһڣŻ˶Կֲʦ˵ȫʲôܹ۾ͻһֻɥʬСʽ׻ĺܣ
ɥʬʬ棬һԴ
֮ǰֳɱķϵԴҲɥʬ⡣ɷֻΪ⣬ܵԴ֮ǰֳûܻɱɥʬⳡսǸ
ȻɥʬҲһɱ
ȻʧȥԼͷ죬ʣɥʬһӻûǰǰ֯һЩɥʬɢ룬⻹кܶɥʬãȻվһᣬڱָܵµͷ³֮ɱ˻ȥɣЩɥʬӭĿֲʦɱ˸⣡
ʮɥʬ𣬱־ӡɥʬȺȫߣ
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ڣֲʦڿԳ׷
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ʱ䣬ӡɥʬȺĲȫȨʼ˺ҵָж֮ǵķսҲɵƽʱûɥʬвĽʮ˳
еҴߣδϣ
ھĩľ֡ľ󣬵ڣſֲʦǵĳ֣Ҵڿ˳սĩϣ·ԶĺܣǧҴԭΪĵطſֲʦŶӵļǿʤֻʱ⣡
ֻǣ˷ܺϲУҲڻɡؽָܻԭ
ȻǷ񶨵ģ
ĩڣѾʮһ߱Ҫ͡Ȼûоͳƣټ쳯ʣҴ߿ҲֻǧˣһһֲȨڡصҴߣɥʬļз档⣬̬ƽҲ״ơɥʬҶ䣬һ㣡
ȻɥʬɥʬɥʬҲҪȥ𽥻ָɥʬֶ
ңкɥʬ֣
ӴĺĩǰûܱڣɥʬȾˮֿ±½ϵɥʬҪ̬ĶࡣǴʦֳ̤뺣ˮСԣҪؽĻкԶ·Ҫߣ
Ŀ곤Զ·ܻҪһߡ
ûҴǾӭĩĵڶڣ
ǵõһڣֳƺɽϵıȹġʱֳֻˡһԺֳƾѸܣϵС˻˾ı˲ŵǣɥʬĲ£ϷʮҴͻأһٳΪǧҴߵ쵼
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Щв£ֳܹĿӵǰҲǱúвԽǿĿֲʦԽֳԣΪˣǻǧټάֳҲǱ֤Լ档
ֳĩʱ䣬ɵԹȨ
ڶڣȻҲͱȵһҪ¡أҲ֡
ܵϣǱϴλҪġܳλãȨôҲֳܸһЩĴο֮ǰǶԼѾ˲ٵиһЩѾСԣڴڸ桢ޱ͵ܵһʱֳһݵĳʵļ⣡
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˵ֳԺ󣬾һֱû¸ö֮Ϊ¸Ѿ׶أȻǨءû뵽Ȼˡϸ֮ǰμ棬һαÿһֳʵݶ˷츲صı仯
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һ󣬳¸ȿڣʵ˵ܳıֳҵԤϡ
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˵ڼǰһֻǾܴҴؽĻڣҾǺˡǸˣһ㣡Ȼںܶ෽ȲЩӢȴ㹻ʵܶˣ㹻ˣ
˵¸һֳһӣҲûʲô춯ص£޷ǾһϾ˵ְ𣬾ܵıΪ񡣵ڣˣҲû̫Ըͻһ¡ӦңһҪɵЩɥʬסȺ
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һֻǿֲʦؽĻ
ֳʦʽĿֲʦÿһٶӡܿ죬ֲʦͳˡÿֲʦŶʵǣЩм߰˶εĿֲʦھôõ֣ڿʼ峯߽׿ֲʦף
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ÿһ߽׿ֲʦĳ֣ζܶһĸֶһˡǵЭ£ֲʦǿʼţշɥʬƵĳС
ÿһսµĳбշζȨ˸ԴӦģɱɥʬֲָʦĻ꾧ǵʵһһѭÿֲʦķչһǰδеĸٽ׶Σ
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ķչһ˹յ㣡
ֲ̬ܣڿƼ棬ȡ˲ֿƼáֲʦҲΪĩʱߴԵʣ
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