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һ Ϊ
΢ײɹ٣˷ɣն̣֮
Ŵ֣ͷһҾڹͷϣ䣬Ѫ籣ͷء
΢һ͵۾ͷľڵĴŴԸоԼһĺ·ʪˡ
үˣ̫ˣһΪѲˡԱߣһѾͷʱ˯о˹æǰʺĳһ˿ϲϸԿһ˫۾ףƺ֮ǰոտ޹
ҡҡǱն𣿡΢˰ΣͻȻһӴŲӺԴ
һѾͷֱӱſˣ˵ԼүǷˡ
΢ûѾͷǽЩҵԴ侲ʱȷԼţǵãԼΪײɹ٣ݺĪеȻǵɶŭԼն̡֮
ʱʹ¡
£Լܻ
Ťͷһְݷ˵šүáѾͷ΢ֻ죬ֿһۣ˫ĿԲɻⲻԼʱԼɳô
ôţңͼǸѾͷһͣԼǵãԼܴһ겻֮ʱΪ˸Լȡůһڴѩɽ֮ҲûлɽϵԻ˵ǱɽҰ޸ˡ
Ϊ£΢죬ӴȻ򣬷ͼǿȡ˹٣һ·ǨٰݶƷԱΪ̲飬νȨһʱҲΪ£һλɹ٣øѣ촦³
ЩĿڲѾԼҲˣ
ֿ˿˿̲ʮͣţҲᡣ΢ԼͷðһͷȻʵ
үҶǵˣôֻˤݾײͷô˶ϲˡһģ
ˤݾ΢һԼʮʱһĻʱԼȷˤ嶫һݾУԼСʧ㣬˽Լݾġ΢ļǵã˵£ԼԼȥݾԣԷԼͻȻԼ¿ݾʱΪײͷҹһ㶪С
ҲһΣðԼɽڣӴ˷ɻڴ̤ʿ֮;
ѵԼǵûһصʮǰʱڣ
΢ݺԼһ£ʹޱȣΣ֪һжģһǴЦޡŮҲһԿţ﷢үһЦһޣȻǽԴײˡ
ǰƷй꣬΢ֹ˼ǻǻһΣȻ·ǾҪ߳һһ·ٲصޡ
ԼүָֻұǰҪһҲĨĨ᲻ٿޡ΢⣬Ҳʵʵشģޱȡ
Ļش΢ȷʲôʱ򣬵ݾǷ죬Լ˿̾µļС
˵£΢Ǻ޵µĸַԼĸϵĪ棬ҲǾ߶֪֪治֪ģ˭Ҳû뵽ַ¶ĻϲСˡ
»Ҫʮǰһ˵΢ĸʮǰʱԵɺ֮ȹһˣ˾ǵʱ֮һɽڵĵӡ
ɽͳ֮һ޵ǳ֮ɣǳ˵ĴţѾǧ꣬䲻֪жҪɽڣ޳̤֮·ֻͽϸ߽֮ʣ˵ƫƧũСӣǿصкӵǹٻ˼Ҷòڵʸ񡣵ƫƫǸȵڵΪ˱֮ŵʮ֮󣬻Ķ
δֻԼַʱ΢ֻ֮꣬汧һŮ
ϣ֮ͻȻȾ֮ޱ˹ȣټӲãֻһҲ徣ֻ¶΢ŮΪ
ĸ˫ÿÿ£΢絶ʡĸʱ΢ﻹȥԴȵĸȥһǧɣǻмھӦ΢¶޽ͷˡ
ʱΪ׺ѵַ֮ǰ˵֮£Ȼһʸˡ
ַһº΢ͬ䣬͵ԼĶ¶΢ڣǾǹҫ棬׳鹵ĺûᡣ
ַӰƣڵǰһ콫΢ݾ¼ٰ΢ס΢Уڵδ΢֮ȻΪ±֮ӣʱռȵ°ɽڡ
ò˵һļıһַһԸҲȷƵóѣⷨӶ΢ʸ
ַֻΪȡʸҲԽ˵΢ŪԼУ˶ĿȻҲƭȥ΢֪µʱѾΪʱҪȥҷҲҲɽţԩš
΢֪ľûмǴ죬Ǹڵ˵Ҫŵӣ΢ڵʱһ̻µسš˷΢δͷϻ鲼ΪʧѪɫ԰ףټӱ˲ģһ˫۾ȴǴδй
һ¼ҵݣַһõܣַ֣Ϊһſڡ΢߳һ㶣漴æǰ
΢˻ԼĴ£̳Ҵ
ӦһһһûӦѾǱһ󾱣ʱһԵڵء
ûգ൱
΢ܻڣû񱧻΢һ𳤴󣬲ƺΪүƺ΢ΪүôȰûãҲ΢һ㡣ǰʱһε˴ʱǷϲֱ˵ҪΪͽ뿪ֻʱ΢ΪȻ׵ȴ֪ͼ뿪ּҡǵøжǱڴֽ®ס£֮Ժнգʱ΢٣Ҳ֪ˣôһ꣬ò뿪һʱǵѧٱ£վտ׳
أ΢֪֮Ҳӵи룬չ¶£Ҳ΢̡
ַõܲһׯںһĶ֡
µļң΢ֱԼȥ
£΢˼࣬ʸǶȻַǱɸӶȥڣȴ΢֮ѡ
Ϊɹ٣΢֮¡
һ΢ʶɹ֮ԼʱƷ٣ɹƤһԼͷءȰɽڣʮ꣬гɣҲһʿ׿Խ֮ɣҲɹȴǲʮǧ
Ͼɳ£Ҳ
ȻΪˣΪβһͼıɹ֮λ
ʱѵԼСԺ˵ֱŶ롣
УĹسһĻµ˿ͷַվһЦﻹмַݡͻȻǰ΢һĿ࣬ڵ
ʣ¶ȻðԼ֮ڿͷʦַǼݣȻ֤֮ʵ¾ǡ΢
޳ܣ΢Ϊˣʱϵһƭֻóѡ



ڶ 
֡΢ôˡ΢´ʧɫҴ򿴹΢ƣǴĵղתѣΪֻһҹ΢ˡ
ճڣ¾֪á
ٿĻµˣɫѾǣ¾ʧԣּͻȻһ͵а˾ŷƵ꣬ǿ⣬ʲôɡ
ַȻڴҲһԣ˸ǣͳŵǰǾʲôˡµһַѾǶͣŵ˵΢״ȴǲ龭һһ佲ַΪʸԼݾЩʱ򣬻µѾŭڣһվֱӱķ飬һƵǧ֮ء
Сˣƭңŵʮ㣬Ȼó΢˵Ǿʵַ¶ɫ֪࣬ĸҽƱ硣
ʩƭҲûŵӵǴȥͬЦͼ۵һ΢ֻозХٿԼԼǻ۵֮⣬ˡ
ֻ洫ַµ˵ҰҲ֪ǰλŵγһԸӵģνǶӵġ
ʦɱˣֻӣͶȹͽ䣬ٲ鷸ơ۵˵꣬΢ȴǴһ˿ο´ӣΪƷ²ţϵܶƢģǺ͵а˾ŷƣǶ֮ӣֻϧǷȥ磬ҵҲ˵˹ȥϢҪ޷ʵź
΢ʱѾ֪ǰ۵˾ǵ길ȹǸŵӣҲʮǰ飬ǰλҲ꣬Լ곤ӣʮǰŶ
תһ룬΢֪ôˣɽ޵ǳ֮ɣפ֮˫µӣ٣˿Ҳͬһ㣬
ᵽȥĸĸ΢¶ǻµȻ֮ˣҲЩꡣ
΢㸸׵о֮ŵʮ֮ڣҲ֪ˣôԸȥɽ۵ʱɫ
˿΢Ѿ֪˽ңӣԷʻ΢û̻شȴǵͷ˼һ΢û̴Ӧ΢żȻ֪ɽǵţżѣһΪŵӣԺȻƽƣֻỹʲôֱӴӦǡ
ȴ֪΢ںǰɽڣȻ޷һ棬ʱԼȥɣ֪²ܻһڼܷģ΢һͼıھ͸ϿɽȻʧһԵ
Եɹйء
˼ǰ΢Ѿ˾ϣȴǹһ񣬵ǰɷһȥڣ
һ۾󣬿΢ָ΢Щһ¶ɫֶ˼صɣҽţֻܴӼ𣬼꣬һ꿳ˮڶŴ꿼ҵϸѭ๦ϸ֮󣬲ΪڵӣֻڵӲſЯڲ࣬谾ù๦ΪڵӲС
ͨڣ΢׷һ䡣
Źأ˿ɸģɫ£
΢Ц΢ֻܹǰĺ⣬Сһ𳤴һڴ˵أ΢ʵ
΢ĻҲ൱Ծ˵ԽɣĸԴҪƫƫ΢ȻǾܾˡ
ֻΪһּҵŮ
ǳԾھգֱţյ΢£Ǵ޻ɣ΢ǰ;
ү㲻ܡ뿪ڣ΢֪Ҫ˵ʲôֱһ仰»ȥ
ǵҪΪͽΪβȥΪ΢ᣬ΢ڲˣһ˹¿Ҿǲڣ΢ҲܰȻһҵ¼
΢ⷬ˵ն׳־ҧ촽ԶԣСѾͷѾǰٰζӿ۾ĵүˣΪүҲֵ
һҲĿ¶ͣԣȻֶһģһڣҲǶȻܾ˵޶ɣ޷޶ʮ֮Լֻ΢ľˣ
΢ͷĿᶨֱ԰˰ˣ漴ӻȡһݸ΢һľƣͨɫϿ̡ɽҡ֡
΢ת⣬ȥɣϿɽѰңֻҪѲɽӳʾľƱɣסԵ֮ףԼذɣ
˵꣬Ҵ̤ӣ׷ȥһѾûӰҲ֪Ƿ˻Ƕݵˡ
үΪʧԵʵڲӦáƲֵ߻΢ǰ;ԼҪҪ
΢ЦЦǰ˹ıӣֻ˵һ仰үˡ
һţܳȥæ΢ǰϳ˼˵ʵһΣ΢Ҳַڵɵ£ȻôˣͱȻôɡ
һ΢ŬƷԱλãȻޱ֮ʶҲ㡣ɽڵȻã΢ͼҪ֪ڵڶ࣬΢׿Խڵĸǧѡģȥ˶ҲֻڶŵӵУгͷ֮աɣô޵ģʿţëɵм
Ȼ΢ҪѰһԵҲɽƧ֮ǿ򱶣ڣҪ˵˵ǻԵˡ
Եһйأȷе˵һϡ
΢Ϊˣʱ֪ʶһ΢ǶƷԱΪһλɹ٣ѣնʾڣһ΢˼ǰ󣬶Ŀ꣬ǾǳΪɹ١
Ϊɹ٣
ͳʮ֮ϡɳ֮٣ɼ¼ؾλһʿ֮ϡ
Ҳ˵¼ڿɽгɣΪʿҲһλͨɹ٣Ϊɹٴˡɳ֮ɣʮɳϽͳܵأֽɳ˭ָҴŭɳ֮
ҪΪɹ٣Ѷȿ֪һ˵ǲܡ΢뵽һ·ǳɹԼп̤ɹ֮;µĹؼ΢ҪҵǸϡ
ĺôڴ˴Ի֪δ֮
΢һΪʱżȻ֪һλֶͨġ١ҲˣԨΪ磬΢ʹһԨľԭԷԭֻǷˣ£űظΪƷ١
ǧСƷ٣Ȼɹ٣ҲؾҪǣԨƷְȨзһλй


 Ԩ
ֹظҲֻڴӾƷͼ٣ٵͼҲ١һԨͬһλոΪҲƽƣ˵ùݣһͳɵֻϧһ㣬û̫ɾ͡
˼Ԩɾٻһ£΢ʱύԨ뷨ڶԷΪƷٺ󣬽λӷԼ
ֻҪ˹ͼ٣Ժ·ӾǴˡ
ҪΪκ˶Եģˣֻ꣬Ȼû⣬δĻˣҪ٣ͱȻҪй
ҲԵһʣظĹֻг˹ڵظְҲǴĹأ˰ǰһλշĸڶ֣֮ΪĸȥŸ״Ҫ벶׽öſ˵ʱǹܲˣҪҵظд״ֽس״ԸоСЩС̾Գƹ˵ǽ״ȥץǶȴǶĶ֣Լ뷨ӡ֮ŭְܣزֱΪץ¶
ҹڵҹͻȻ߽һߣ󻹸һƤ
߸ɳʥƷɹ٣ŭԣλţʲô٣ԻƷ٣
ԹܣʥɹپͷȥƤʥĹ˵Ӵ֮󣬻ҲɷΪʥ˹أֻйſɷλҲ˵Ƕˡ
֮سм˼ңһ߷ƾǲСԺԨ֮ӡ
̽Ԩס²ѣ΢ʮأ˼·˱ʳˡز˼Ҷ֪˵Ĵ˵ˣһ㶼ȻͽıڣӣԨΪ֡
˵һؤԨʳʱԨ࣬ʱԨ׹Ϊֱ̣ǽҲˣƫƫǽ෹ؤԼһ졣ٱһ궬ѩ죬Ԩ˶Խͷ̽ԼްϣǾȻˣԨȴ˴졣
΢վԨСԺſڣ֪ԨұԼĻҪƶࡣ
СԺľŸ಻ƺһͻ飬΢վſϡԺ룬ڷһ߹ײġ
΢룬ߵŵڼ𣿡
Űϳ䣬˼˿ԣһľŴ򿪣ӳһź£Щ֮ʿ
ʿʮ£ͷͷ룬޴£һɳζ·Ȼܾɣϴøɸɾ
ʣ˭ʿʵһ֪֮ˡ
΢Ҳ׶飬Ȼ˿һ񣬲ʵԨˣ
Ԩֻ֮򲻸ҵʿȻԨ
΢м֪ԼҪ̤ɹٵĵһؼԨϡ΢ɫһ࣬ɫˣ
˵꣬΢ֱӹһҪ֮ǰĴܶ࣬㲻״ҲֻԼүȻɻȴ΢ԸһҪȻԶ
΢ôһŪȻԨЩֲ
λСѣвˣǺˣʲô鷳ȿҵʩԮ֣ĳؾȫԨ΢ֿ˿ΧȻªԺ̸
΢вӦĵôȴΪ֪ԨԸ񣬻У֪Ԩ޵ǡ·֮ţֻҪ캦ҷ˵Ļ£ʩԮ֣΢ŻֱֵķʽԨϹϵ
ԺӣԨϣ΢ݡ
΢˵ǣ˿ֵ̹ˣСͻˣҶ˴ֵһ΢֣ɶ飬˷ǰزμԣֻΪȡΪЧĸö޿޷ģջöסģҲ¶޽ͷƺʩΪ֣΢ǰܲҺҵŮסһʱգ
˵꣬ǹһ
ԨһҲ̾ϢһԭĿֻǽסûʲôǡ
ԨԺпһֹۣѴ΢һ㶣ֻסķʽԨȵԨ٣ôܷԼְ֮
Ԩ˵΢ֵΪ֣΢ޱȣ곤ңҾͽһ֡ʵöʵŲˣҲȣ˵ܺУ޴˵ǣңֻܷԣؼֵˡ
΢Ϊˣ̸ºͳǸͬСɣԼ˵һ޸֮꣬Ůסڱĵطܱ˵ǣµԨܾܾ
ȻԨһʱ˼ŵˣǣס°ɣֻһ轲ǰͷʱ򲻿ɳݣмǣмǣ
ԨһԺϴģӾкü䣬˵ҲʵֻǵԨΪ޵ǡ·ɢ£ԼҲܹˡ
ԺԨŶס£΢ҲסС΢Ͽ棬Ҳ棬֮ǰûƭԨԨס£ǳɹ̤һ
ʱ΢ĥԨղһ仰ʲô˼ΪʲôҪرĶԼ֮ܳݣ΢벻סھڻ磬˰ٺȥʱԨҪȥ΢ҪžžУǻģװӣǧԺڵǸײġ
ǹײô΢ҲʹԨ˵·ʬӦˣıƺ£Ԩ£ЩʰʬǣᣬȻײĶǱ˵֣õҲ


 
΢ûȥǹײģԺжд֣Ȼ΢ϰΣһǶƷԱĲ˵ãòϰΣдҲֻװװӰˡ
ûԨˣһˣһ·̸ЦԺӣ΢ͷһʱԨҲ΢ȴЦֵֵܣʶһˡ
΢æ鱾˹ȥ
ҵĺѣͬеţĲɣΪҲǿ塣˵ֶ꣬΢ǰμԣסСǺѧǵѧĿҪúùա
΢æ񣬵Ǹɫ֮ваɫֻǵһȻ΢û
˽ӣûһԨ΢ȥ΢һԭԨ͸ۻϰһīδɵ÷ͼ
΢һոһԨڳΪƷ֮󣬾ͽһλոƷˡ
˵⸵Լľ֡
ϾԨҲֻܷһ֮λ˸ûԼķݣ֮Ȼ
ʹʮע⣬ʼע⸵ԱԨȻͺԨ£ſڱտڶʥԣϲݵ䣬ڲʮ˵ãԨҲ̸ʮͶȻ˹ϵǳá
΢ʱоһΣУ⸵ԨĹϵԼҪһܣʱԨҲδػὫλӷԼϾԼǸոʶ̸Ͻ飬ǺѾãλԼ⸵档
Ǻá
ֵܣȻ㻹ûпȡҲǶˣһ÷ͼ΢ڳ˼ȴԨ˵æͶĿȥһ÷ͼ
΢һҲ黭ң۹ǲ˵ֻһ۾Ϳһڼʵһ㡣־͹ڣһƺϸ÷ϵѩڳ֮ڻ¶÷ȥ⾳Ǻãǻ÷֮һĨ͸ֽԳ֮·ǰһů⡣
ٿԨ͸ˣΣƺڵ΢˵
΢뵽һ£ԨܳΪƷ٣ѹ꣬Ϊ£һ͡
˸΢Ԩǡ񻭵⻭ҲһַڻУһظħͼڻѹҲ˵ԨĻȻԣһ÷ͼֻһĨ̺ԣ඼ͨѵ˵⻭ǳԨ֮֡
ٿ˿΢ðһͷѾŪôˡ
÷ǳԸ֣֮ǽӦԨģһ𻭳ġ
΢ͼԨۺ뾲ȴǸЩȲˣ̲ס˻ΣĪСֵܲ˵һСֵҲ赣ģֶЦ㣬Ͼ㻹١
⻰ȻЦɷ֣ҲӲ˵Ʋ΢˵δɡ
΢Ȼк壬գݵһָϷһĨƪΨһĨƷҲǻص㣬ϣһȥů˵Ǵ÷ͼ϶Ƕλڿң÷Ϊ⣬÷ֻҶ⣬һͼ
䣬ǱԨ˫۷Ź⣬ΪĿ΢ɫ֮ҲǴһϲúͼ·֪һ㣬Ǹɫ˲Щѿ·˵ȳһ㣬üͷһԲ
΢װûп˵ı飬ֻǹֵС׾ҲֻǺҵλҲ档
ɫкתȤǣԨûһȻǲ΢̸ȻԨ΢̬ȱ֮ǰ׽ࡣ
һֱɽͷŸȥԨ͵⣬
ȥղˣСͶȻСѾл򣬲һŪ˼زˣȻʳͨҲζ˱ǣʳָ󶯣΢ں÷ˣߵԨǰš
ʱԨھˮͷɢҲ££ӹĺƶ࣬΢״Ҳо壬ԨһԷԨϣ΢װ˵磬öˣҺж£յһֺòˣ˳Ҳǳԣ˳ҲǳԣǶһ˫ӰˣǲƲֵܣˣҺҹͰߡ
ôһ֣ԨҲֻܵͷӦȵ㷹Ԩǻݣ֮ǰɶ΢ҪϢ֮󲻿ɳݡ
ʰ꣬΢ϱĿ˼
һ֮ԨͽɾƷ٣ԼҪһȡԨξ£οиôһ֡
˼ǰ΢Ҳֻһһ֮λ΢ڱصãΪһΪǰֻ̤ˡɳԼҲؾеġؾǧСؾҪޡ֮ɡҪؾֻɹ



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΢֪кܳһ·ҪߣҪùٹְ˵ѶȻ̫
ѾύԨ̤˵һ
ϴ΢˯£˯һ䷿΢Щ֮Ժ硣Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻOO@@죬˵
΢ЩʱѣʱߵȻԽС˵΢ɱĿ˯ΪǴԼ߷ġ
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΢һӦԼ˯ǰǽ˨ãô˽
ϸһ̸ݣ΢һƤ
һϾţԺײλǹ׵ģСķͼҲ֪ܲܽ׹
һһЦ·ҹèӿһˣĶףλǰһЩǰԼѪɷҪʬɷ䣬¶ӦСȥͺãҲֻССĹæѹסˣǶ˾УһϰѹСӣѾͷȥѹ
ƾʲôѹѾͷѹСӣУûϰԲ⡣
ʲôһʱ͵ˣʱľһǶͻһСӺѾͷ϶С˵ˣ˳£ͽйץ۸ȥظ̣˵С㣬ֻϰѹסϾŻơ
ϰûΪԷأǺٺһЦǵҲǣʱ㳤Ҳ㣬ѹСӴࡣ˵ôʱ仰СӶһ㲻ѹҲѲˡ
ϰˣˣǹ˵ǹģľʿϾһЦȡЦ
ԣˡϰ˵꣬㲻˵
΢־ȤЩʣ˵λ϶ǻˣǹѹˣǲǹѹ΢˵ѹ˱˯ѣҲˣ۾˼СģѹҲΪ˱Լ
СӦþԨ
΢ֲԨԺôһײģԭʬһԼҪסʱԨԥֹҲΪ£ҼԼ첻ҪҲΪˣΪ˱գҰѹһԼѹ£ѹǶ
֮ǰ΢֪ԨΪ֮ǰͶá񻭵ķڿȻˣҲµķ֮һԨµȻ֮С
˼ת֮ʱ΢͸оһĶѹԼϣ֪ϰѹסԼˣԲѻ
˵Ҳ֣һʼ䣬΢ûиоʲôʣԼԸ⣬ʱҸղ˵˵ǹ˳ʿ֮ģԼƫƫˣֲ䣬ԼʿΪʲô
ϸһ룬΢ȻĪΪԼΪ˵ԵʣԲʱ΢Ƥһ죬̿ԼſһȥʮС߻վһССϾţһۿɼ磬ǽȥѹȥˡ
΢ļҲһЩ֮£已̥ǿģʿÿֻ֮ͨϾ磬ĿϣѼ
Ҳ飬֮ͨ˾Ҳֻܸо档
ڣԼܿ顣
뵽쿴һ÷ͼ΢һ۾ͿˣҲǲͬѰ˼ȥ΢Ҳֻܹ鵽ԼõͨΪһԼû͡
Ѿһ˼Ҫɾɹ֮·΢˵Ǻ£˵ԶۼˣԺΪʿͨϾ󣬻°빦
ʱ΢ԺﴫŹֵ죬֨֨·ʲôĥһ˹Цͬѻɥ΢Ԩһȳ⣬һ̣һľ
һƺߣԨġ
ˣ
΢ȻûпҲֹ֪ۣһʱ䣬ֻХ֮⣬ȻûԨ
ʱ΢нȻ֪ԼӦʵڴϣһ뵽ղԨһƺߣȴҲͲסֱӴӴ
΢ôһ¶ſϵϰֱײɳȥϰ˸ŵĻɢûмĸͨ˱ѹŻģ˵Լײˡ
΢Ҳûǽǵϰˣ·ʹ˨˳ȥ
˿ҹܲ¹⣬ԺȴǾĵġײĴ˿ѾѣɢһأŵʬڵϣѾã죬Ҫж˾жˡ
һԣԨֳһлδ򿪣ٿԨһ۾Բɫ԰ֽͷ䣬ͬ˵ͷһˮһ㡣
Ȼԡ
΢Ԩһ¶֮ɫڲ֪Ϊζãֻǲϵתʾ΢
΢һپӶƷҲύʿʿҲʶܶ࣬Լʶ㲩ԨǱǶּ֪ԨתԼʲôٿԨлδſĻ΢ӦǰԨԨչ
ȻһͼֽϾܿЩͼһ꣬ͷڣֶһһѽɫȻżֻģªĹϻ֣ʦħīԳɡ֮дšԬ̿ա֡
ǺûǺ֣֮˰죬мҲ͸һѱ΢ȻǲԾһá
һ̣΢ƺ֮һɣԨðһɺ̣Ǻ̲ҽţƬ֮ɢɢΡ
ͬʱСԺǽ⣬һŲۣľʿһ˸ոԾǽͷСԺеľ󣬸պÿԨһŽڣһʱЩȻ
ʦ˵Ԩдѣרǰȣûύͼٹְ֮ԨȻѱ˾ȣѵʦĲ޺ôȥʦ壬㡣
ʿԾǽͷ첽ȥ

峿΢һ࣬ιԨһС룬ҹԨձȻ΢£𣬾Ȼһ
ȥֻ֮ʣ΢Ԩˡ
˿Ԩڴϣɫ԰ףϢήңǳ΢ֵܣҹˣ㼰ʱ֣ڣ
˵꣬Ԩ΢һۣûпκ쳣΢һУֻææ⡣˵ʵԨȻимҲлɣСѹ΢˱ѹԺ׶ѹ΢ƫƫˡԨҲʹѹ΢ССʱ΢һײЩɢ˵΢⣬㣬ԨҲǽŽɡ


 Ϊ

Ԩ֪ԼʵϣԨ֪Լٽ໹ܻһ£ظ˾ѾĻܵ¼¼ڰһ֮ǰѾθ󣬻ΪƷ٣С
Ȼأδزᱻ֪Ҫ֪ƷȨһλٹȨƣֻһӾƷҲ٣ؾһЩͨʿԴҲǴߣŵУҲв˿֮λ
ԭܼ򵥣ӾƷظ٣ظɳְλûʲôֻܽ٣Ļˣܻ̤ɹУʱƽƣгɵʿˣɹǰҲǰһͷ
֮ǰпɽһλӵŰݷãȻԷûἰ֮£Ԩ֪Էضڴ⡣
΢öͻȻţԨ˵Ǽٵģ΢ڵһĳ֪̽ԼƷ֮£ʾýӽ΢Ļֲ̫ˡ
ֻתһ룬Ԩ־Լǣ΢һʮ꣬Ļ֮վͰСȥ̽΢ĵϸ΢˵˿ö˵ȷ壬΢ĸҲ˫Ҿƶͨ˼ңûʲôر֮
֮£Сȴûд̽ʵʮأֻ֪΢Сʫ飬ΪϽƷж
ҹ΢˶ɣԥʩԮ֣һж¶Ԩһ룬;ԼɹЩ
Ϊ룬Ԩһ΢Ϥ֮£תʱ֣Ѿµػ޴󰭡
󸵴̽⸵ԨΪصģһԷԼСͬţΪ˻ֱ֮£ԨԸ⽫֮λԷȻϲѽ䵱֮
ڶ˶֮ʱͻȻἰ΢ﵱоǻɺ͵ӣȻҲǽ΢ɹֺԨҪı֮λСˡ
֣ҪСһֵСԵ޹ͻȻͶסȻвɸ˵Ŀģûʲôģǧƭʱ˵Ԩ֮⡣
Ԩüͷ΢壬䣬ϲˣҲ÷ֻǵ˵ͷûнӲ磬һԨ²ߣŸȥ
ߣһʿŰݷãʿԳɽˣɽ΢ҲҲ֮һʦˣ䲻ɽڣҲǴŴɡ
ʿԳƹģ񣬺Ԩг̸òŸȥ
΢ﰾҩҩܱеҩ̲Ūģҩһϴ򿪵ģר飬Ϊ˼ȥ΢ͲĻ
ҩļ϶һ֮ɫڰͲסСʵүо仰Ҳ֪ò˵
΢˿СѾͷЦһⶺ֪˵ͲҪ˵
֪ү϶ʲôҪǸﲻֱ˵ҿ¶Ϊ壬϶ææ˵һ
΢֪ѾͷԼֻû뵽ȻܿԼԨܿأԨأ
̫żˣҲûӣҺԨ֮ǰ޽飬ύ֮붼Ҫ롣΢а룬ȴǺǺһЦЩ£˵ɽ
˼ĵͷȻ΢֪΢һвĵԼֻҪүľͺá
ȥҩԨȻ£ҩ˯£Ҳûἰҹ顣
峿΢һҩ͹ȥȴû뵽ǸȵʿˣһλһҲ֪װŵʲô
˷΢ϸȣԷӿͷһŹֵ·ɼֻⷬ΢ܿȻ۵ܣ֪ˣ΢Ҳװ
Ҳû°ֱۣӻصӣȴĥȵĿģϸһ̷Ӧ˵ԼһҲΪ˹֮λֻһССĴӾƷһɳשһЩŵĵӣԴҲޱȡ
ԨΪƷ£ظ˾˵ͶˣҪܲף΢֪һЩʿйְΪʿҲԨ飬϶֪ǰԨĿĶΪǸӾƷְ֮ͼ٣Ҳ֮λһܲһӣԨ³ΪƷ٣ȨӷһҪȵλ֪Ҫȵ¡
ɽĹȲǵһҲ϶һ΢Щ꣬һѾ鷳ˣû뵽֡
ԺĹľǸʬѾʰˣԺЩң΢һԼ£ͷϵ˿Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ɨɨ
ʱţ΢ǰһһһһﻹһеģȻ̽Ԩġ
۲΢ֱԨӣպÿԨǹĳݣһ£΢Ըоղԣǹǽ䱸͵ӣҲһأ˶ʮֿ
΢һԾʮȤҲˣԨƷٵ£⸵͹Ķ֪ˣ˵⸵춼ĿɵӶܿǹĸֱӣҪ֪ɽִɵĵӣҲʿݣ̫үÿͿԨֻһţȴϸύʾãֱȸҪ¶ǡ
ʣڱ˴˵ĿģҲƵģ϶ǻһЩײ
΢͵Уڲܣɨһţȥйȥˡ
ȵ΢ȥԨԷס˿죬ٶٶˣԨҩҲɫתѾް
˷Ԩ΢е˵лҪ˵΢΢΢һЦҲ磬ãҲл˵˵
ʲô˵޷ԨҲܺ΢Ҫ˵ʲô
΢һϿҵ磬ǰҲٹɵ£ҿóڽʵһͷһ£˵ǼٵģҲ֪綨ȻͨˣɽĵӶύֻһ鷲ˣЦŵöˣ˼ǰǼסָᴳ£磬ǣ֮ö˾Ͱߡ
ԨЩɵˣһʼ΢һӽԼͼı̽һû뵽΢ȻҪߡ
һӣԨЩֲ΢ͼıôߣԼˡ뵽ԼǸǹģֻǰ̽ûѰҽҩΪ֪Լٽһ֮ɣѰҽҩҲûбҪͼ֮λ棬ԼǼ١Ψ΢ˣԼϤչˣרϴ򿪷ץҩԨ֪ܲν֪ԣ΢ƷΣѾӹɣ˵΢ðճӣͼչԼѾûˡ
ʱԼδҪҲѡ
һʱ䣬ԨǶԼ֮ǰ뷨Щٿ΢Ǹо׽࣬᲻΢ߣ֮£ѿڶֵܣǻҵɴ磬Ͱס⼸ӿѾãҲǿţǰߣˡ⣬ҵȷһЩСѧҲԽ㡣
磬⡭΢װ㵣ԨΪ΢Ҫѣæǵģҵģס£


 ʦ
΢ֲԨȻҲҪߣ֮ǰԣΪķӰˣϾۼʵͺԨȲ΢
ƷԱٳǿɲ˵˵ѡ
ҹ΢ԨǱ̸һ̸֮£Ԩǽ΢֪ȴ΢ܶθڣƢԣĲɺ͵֮ԽԽͶͲջֽݰˡԨ˯⣬΢˲£й֮£Ҳ֮
ֵܣƽ֪ȴûмˣһ㣬ʵƽ޺ҲƶΪ㣬벻ѧһЩ
Ԩһ仰΢˼
΢ȵľһ䣬ϲɫԨ಻ѹ粻ޱʲôұѧʲô
ԨͷȻ΢ƢܶθڣҲ̸Ũ㽲֮
ʿ֮£˾ż磬Ϊġ顯ء顯Ŀԡÿһ磬Сʹ󾳽ס
֮󣬡顯ĿԡֳơͨϾ
ž֮ϣˡ
΢Ȼ֮һѾ֪Ľζʱ΢ͻȻ뵽һ£ǳʵ綮÷Ҳʿĸ磿
Ԩһһ죬ɿһ÷ǾʿʲѣԵڣṳ̂ľ
ǾЩÿֵʲҲ޷һЩŵҲδرǿȴΪԨ󿴼ұ죬һǵ֮һżõһʦ
΢һ˵һɢ޹ɣΪ뻯ظ˾вٶ˵ӣյӴΪȴΪ֮ʺϹ
ڡʦأ΢Ҳֻ֪˵黭Ϊý飬ʩչͨǰһԨԵɺµõķͼһչǶɻ
ʦֶΡ
Ȼ΢֪ļޣһύʿУһͨʦɴ˿֪жء
ʱԨƺ뵽ʲôɫһҲֻһֵܣѧҶԽ㣬ֻ轲֮ѾСɣΪ۵ڻ£ʦҲֻǳžΪǳǴҲֹڴˣѧܰı㲻ֻ࣬ܿ򡣡
˵Ⱥ΢ȻܾǹĶԨһԨҲûѣ̩ȻĽȴԼ΢дҵܴ֮񲢲Ϊ
գ΢ŲǱԨ̵Ԩ΢ʿҲʩչʿľ飬ʩչͨˣҪʩչҪ顱
ıɹ֮Ҫڼйĳλɹλ𲻶ϣҪʩԽַʩչ
ķűˣԨһλظƷҪʩչֽͨظȻ飬֮ʩչԨ̸΢ıķţټ»Ұ£ҹԨϰϾСõ֮
ʦǽȻͬ˵蹩飬㲻ʿҲԻ飬ԳһɡԨһʦ΢΢ʱ䳭¼¼һ֮΢ʦѾһ˽⡣
΢֮СʦǴ淨΢ϲ黭һ黭ңһīǧ󣬴˼ʦȻǿֱ÷ʳݡ
΢īӺͼīȾˮʷ潻һͼԾȻֽϣֽīδɣ΢Ҳӡֻ֮ǿŻͼ΢һ֪٣Ǳ۾Ҳܻһ޷ǰᲢۡ
ϣһۣƺϴ飬ԭ΢лһ˿ɴ˿һ˿ȴɢ崺磬ࡣ
ʦȻ΢̾һԨʦȥֻǲб΢ҲƪеľţһëɼˣҲѾ΢īȾĻϣҲǴг
һ½ǣ΢ŷԼѾжûгţ֫ҲЩһ΢Щת
⼸ԨҲ΢ۣ˹ϵҲͻͽԨ΢Ĵˡ
Ԩ˼΢ܲһȻԨ֪Լظ˾Ϊ٣ϵҲԽԽ٣ڴ֮ǰһ˽´ȥҲһο塣
ֻԨȻ΢ɴˣƺû͸¶κٹ΢˹ʦ֮Ҳ˵΢ĸԴ
ͼ΢ȴǷ֮λ΢ڱصãڻвʱȻи͹ߣ¹˭ֻв֪
ˣлᣬͿ˭Цˡ
΢һֻϡ࣬һͷһ㶣Ŀһһལ޿κεĵүûǮˡ
΢һǴ٣ǮƣȻƶ࣬Ҳһģ΢Ϊٿһ£û뵽żûǮˡ
ȴˣٶٶҪ׼˵ķ£Ԩҽҩֻ˴ͷǮŹ֡
΢Ӧ֮Щ˼ĿһһɸΪ֮ԹģһЦֹ˹ıӣûǮ۾׬ģȥɡ
Ǯ£ҪȻ˾͵ҪˣԨṩסִڱ£ܲҪ˼ҹܷɡ
ֻ׬Ǯ΢Ȼ˵ǰףȴûʲôð취
һ΢ʡԼÿȡ㵱˹٣ٺ»ȻõǮƣȻҲ׬Ǯһ̰塣
˼һҹ΢ҲֻһӣǾǷһֻ֮һ΢ֻһٹٻºţǻ׹ݶΪһīҽԴ֡
ֻһ֣Ҳӣڣ˵ӣһӣҲ㹻΢ˡ
ǵڶգ΢ȡ˱īֽŶȥ
عԪ޹һӽһΪһֹͨϱСӶһ֡ذǰһĴ󽫾˵Ⱥɣ綦ʢ뺷Ҳī֮ͣŸһЩ֮ء
ϾʶºˮżһҶСʫ黭⡣
΢˿ʺֻΪűߣѾһͷֻӦ̻΢ľűߣҲͷԱϲϯֻϡ
Աͷбۿһ΢⣬νͬԩңֻһ黭̯ðһⲻô
ֻͷҲûʲôһϾֲģȻˣҲʱʱעǱߵ΢΢һ̩Ȼ֮ɫϯض


ڰ 
ӱмڸ̸ۣһֻ̯ǺΧ˹ȥ
΢òСЩ۸ֵͣûн΢ȡЦڿ࣬һҿʵСֵܣ⼸㻭ģ
΢ͷЦҵһǿһҸָۣϲ
Цһǿżҡͷ׾֮Ҳ˼ó׳һͼΣҲ⣬һͼñңȾбʵ˴Ӧ㣬ǴҶҲϸգ
ָ߼Ҳˣ׾ӵҲˣҲдϡƽһʼ˵Цϣҡͷ
΢Ҳ֧ó⼸򻭣ѹͲ黭ֻڹŪȡˡ
ˣҪǱǡ
黭һһ๧ά䣬ﳤȥһͷһֻ֮ɫڴ˵ѾЩͷʱЩŪ˷˺һеȻǴΪ졣
˰죬޼ʼ߸һûУ΢дʧ䣬֮ĪǾûлʶ֮ˣԼĻֻ鷨һǶǼƷ̤żֻΪԼһұؾȻʽ
΢Ҳ֪һԼ⣬ܴڣԼһ֪ëͷСӣ˷Ҳزīͱ٣߹ĶͨũҪôǸ·ĽŷҲֻΪҺڣǮӹš
֮һ˴Ĺʼۣ΢ı֮¶֮ɫ
˵СӣǮ˰ɣһȻҪʮӣԱͷҲһʮǮһߣҪȥǲǼ˹ˣ˵ѹ⣬ֻΪǲҡܻ϶΢ڵҡ
ʮӹ
΢ãһ֣κһһƽ𣬿΢һֻ˶аǣԸմȾͭҲòֻû뵽Էӹ
ҲȷǽҲˣ΢ˣͿʵ˵Ǯʣ
ҿһģһҲģٶûҼүҲǰ黭֮ˣͷĻѾкܶ࣬⻭ʣԲű㣬´Σֻһʮġһģ
΢̾ŽǮûȥ͵úԨһˮͷˣһҧľġ
һֳ֣Ĵ΢˿ǮҲ֧һˡ
Żﳤȥ΢ϯһԱͷһԹ֮뿪ЩǮ΢ȥһףһɻȥúһٴʣµǮҲõ³ˡ
ȴ˵˻ˣ˿ߵԱһլ룬ſһС˼ֺһӭܼңȥүȥˣ
˵ɲǣүϲ˵黭վҪ򼸷ġͣ˷֮£Щ˵Ŀɲˣ˵ˣҵøϽүȥʡİ
˵꣬Ż˺ԺһǰߵŰ壬˺һŹŶ롣
үֻˡչܼҹ˵һģϵʻɽˮȴ˸ֱͦһɲŭ֮ƣԱߣվһŻŮǺЦܼҽݣȴһƣʾ⽫һԱɡ
ǹܼҼæţҴԼүһϱת˳ȥ
ձ̩ɽĿתֱһɽˮɲձʣԱ߻ŮһϣЦүү⻭ǰտҪܶ࣬¿Ĵ˵үү˵һŪīѷһ˵赶Ū뱲ӣҪŪīֽ⣬Ǻο࣬ģ˵дѴʡүү䶨ɽĽ£˭˵ܰŪīģһ޻һдһ֣Ȼ㽫佣֮ĴһƥƤһѹ룬үүȻ򣬲ͷ־Ҫúˡ
Ů佱߹һЦ˫̵ĺã黭˫ھԪޣүүôһʦӮͷֻǿϧ黭⾳̫ߣġѧֻȥ黭ġϰ
ͷ黭Ȼһ㣬ҲпȦɵ֮ѧġɺøԶүүӮĿأҲллͷءŮһЦ䲻껪Ҳǧġ
˵꣬Ůһȡݸߡ
չһڰϣġȴ˫һס
߲һˣǹ佫ǬٰƷ佫ȥѽ׹ϻ硣ǻŮŮ˫ɴʦָ㣬黭һ۹ȻǼߡŮǬ˫ôˣǲǽĻ⡣
˵ҲǲĿȥƣͼ˫һͼһͼ񣬾ûʻ
Ǭ֪ŮƢԣ⻭ʲôر֮϶ʧҲϸֻһҶûҲ˵ӡֽҲͨװѡ
ƫƫǬʮͨĻ˫ȴǿ
ã˫γһֻĿϣͬ䱦һ㡣Ǭʱ룬ûпʲôŵǲ˫Ҽʧ񣬿ҿ⻭֮ǰͷûʲô𡣡
˫ˣȴҡͷүү˻ͬѰͷĻʹ˻ȣө£һˣͷٿʮҲϲϡ
˵꣬˫ȡһͼͬȡһ֣һ֮ʡʶ֣־˼顱
ʺãָá
˫һ֣ʣ崺磬ϢҲЩأŵؿҲνʶˣһʱ⾳Զ׳־վ壬ǴⱻֳжʳҶΪ컨֣Ƿд
дĺãʶ֣־˼飬ôʣôʰǬʱ佱һһҲʶı֣֮Ϊ飬Ȼֵ֪ĺá˫һЦүүʵȻãǿǵʥ¶˽Դ˴㡣
Ǭһ˸Ȼ֪ʵʥĴûҲ˼ʣæ⣺Ȼ⻭㶼˵ãǾãҲ֪ùСǴĶģҽʡ
һܼҳùӦٶ룬Լү˫Сʻæ򻭾渵
ǴһģǬ˫ЩʧȻ⻭֣̫ܳһ֣֮֮ˣ˫ǷԸùȥ븮һ
ֻǳùȻҪһˣΪʱ΢ѾһףһɻصԨԺӡ


ھ ƾͼ
Ϊ׬ǮԽһٷԵǽζ
㣬һЩҰһŨڷϣֱ˼ζĳռѣһٷ΢ԨǱտڲԣרעʳ
֮ԨһϴγԵζ֮ǰҲղԼ˼뷹Щ˼̣ǽ΢ȥĽ֮ʦ
΢̣ܽȴǿһ䣬ı֮λλ׹ԴԨԹķˣٶٶ΢һȥ룬ԨҲǲ˽Ҳվ
ֵܣ֮Ҳѧ˼ˣʢ˥ʺйٹʵһԨʱ˵
΢ͷԨ̵ķȰλ飬շٹʱԺѾ죬΢
䣬ƾչһ磬Ȼǽ𴵵ҡֻ紵޹Ҫ֪΢ԨͽطۣһЩλҰҲǵۡ
Ȼ΢һйʧܡ
Ѿܲˣ㲻ѧ죬ҵѧʱһ²磬ڼϰҪһ£Ԩʱһ䣬޷ܳɷ֣˵ġ
˵ִһЩ飬΢ʱæǻȥ˯
һ죬΢ҹϰӹĲ׬ǮʡԼõҲܼһʱգԨĽҲս΢ڼңոڤ˼һʦߵš
֮΢ͼվԺ⡣
⸵춼Ԩ΢ѾϰˣԨͳţҲ֪ʲôȥ⸵Ҫһˡ
ԭǸ֣İɣɣͳȥˡ΢Ϳ˵
֪רġ룬Լ߽Ժ΢ûŪ׶Է˼⸵֮ǰԼǰģôרԼ
Ժӣ΢һֵۣܣ˵ȻҾƶΪڷܿ̿࣬Ҳɶ飬־ȡĲζԹƶ뵱꣬ҺҲôģҲûмˣҪͼǿһʱҺһ£ҳʣ㰲ŵѧȥԶգѧҲųʫ飬Ĳɳڣ̵ԱܸС
˵⻰ʱ򣬸һ΢ǣΪ΢ǵģ΢οԷĿġ
Ե޹Լŵѧã΢ϸһĥ֪ԷȻǽԼвΪԼвǹְ֮ԸŻôһӽԼŪߣֻҪԼԨңǸոպԨĽҲƽ
֪ԨپƷٵ飬ҲͶŹ֮λԼͻȻԨøɣټԼ½ԣţ˹Ǿ˹ְԼûб¶ǹͼҲҪԼŪߣûĴ¡
գ֮䣬΢Ѿ˼һ飬һõĺҲ˵̽ԼӦͱ֪֮£ֻǵޣǲӦǸȻ³Լͼ֮λ
˼Ƹ֮ڣԼӦǲӦԨ٣΢Կ϶ԺԨ֮¾УӦºԨԼӦԨҲỳԼĶ
Ȼ˼תҲֻǶ̶̼Ϣ֮䣬ʱ΢ҲӦԵķӡ
˿΢һмǳŸһ񣬵΢мܽԺֻǼգҲ϶ǳ
Ȼ΢Ļش𣬻Ϊ΢ӦˣǹһЦСһ׮ҳݣΪ־ȥţ㾲ɡ
˵꣬һЦȥ
Ԩ΢ֱӵлŪԨĪȵ΢֮渵Ԩһ˼֮󣬲ſ΢ʵֵܣ˵ԸȥԺˣ
΢ҡͷҲȥ
Ԩһɣ΢ʣֺ΢룬΢мԴѧ֮Ѿԣ΢Ͳȥˣֲþֺܾ⣬Բŵ鷳ת渵֣΢⼸˼ǣֻ
ü̽΢΢㽫ƾͼƣ̽Ԩ̬ȡ
Ȼⷬһڣ͵ƸۣڣͿԨηӦˣԨеһҪԼͷȻȰԼԼμԣϾδٹй
ʱ΢ѾͿԨķӦ
˿Ԩԭͷһ˿ɣҲ΢ⷬ󾡳
΢ĿᶨԨ˼Ƭ̱ҡҡͷֵܣҵ磬һԣԻҪģϾ㺮꣬ڷ񲻿ϧǲȥѧãǾͲҪȥˣڼжҲûʲôʱʲôá
˵꣬΢
Ԩ΢ղ󱳶һ亹˵ղǶ̶̼仰ļƻܷɹԨͬԼ뿪ͬԼȥԣǹ֮λǵòġ
һ΢ƾͼ̽ĽǳãԨԼȥԣжȻǴҪЯԼͷ֮⣬¸֮ǰ϶ûкԨԨлô
ֻּҪɵӣ΢һĥˣôҲЩżˣȴ֪Ԩʧֲ١
΢֪ʮûжʱˣǰİֻһɵĻôڣɰգĳɰա
˵ڶ죬ãԨ֮ɫѿɫƵĵһԺ΢
ߣĵ¿ηΡ˵꣬ȥ
ʣԼ£ԨȻ˵ĻԲǵøŭ
΢ҡͷƢԺͳǸֲһ˹֮λҲֻƽƽΪһ۽СֻıƵˣʲôɾ͡
΢ѾԨе뷨ȻԨҲԼѡ֮һôĶҪһˡ
ӹĺܿ죬Ǽȥת֮ԵӾֻ죬΢⼸֮Ҳĵãʱ֣΢˯£һԺշ䣬һͼ紵һԵ˲Ϩһ̣΢ǰĲ⣬ֳһӰ
ӰƮһŮӣһ£ľȻɫҰףֻܿϰˣҲ֡
Ȼһ»ҰܸܿûãԨﵱ֣ɼˣ΢Ҳʮ⣬ѧҲʮʱ䣬ȻͿٹɹѾ԰Ȼˡ


ʮ 
Ԩ֪ʲôʱ˳⼸飬Ҳ֪æЩʲôóԨɫս԰ףأӦٽԵʡ˿̣ȴۺ룬ͷ˲ֵܣѾԳƵ׿ԽɾͱȻᳬңҲҴ»̫㣬һصģĹͲŻͨ󡣡
΢ЦЦ磬ʶԵ֣»ҲԵ֣Ե֣ȥˡ
˵꣬ǰŮһֵ漴Ůγ΢ӯӯһݣ漴ƮɢӰ
΢õ֮Ȼȥɭֲȴ˾Ĺ֮ղ΢ֻйĿھһŮָǣٻجج޿ھǹԸ⣬֮ͳ΢ͣҪ̷һ꣬ǲԸ⣬ҲɾܾȻתͶ̥
˵гȹ»Ұһ˵ǣңδԸ֮ԸתͶ̥΢Ĺ֮ͳĹ޷ţ֪ٹ»ҰҪʮа˾Ŷͬ⡣
ԨЦŵ˵ͷȻ΢ǵȻľʮ⡣
֮ԨҲڸɸƽӹѧ֮²йɹԸǿʤʮѡһǿԹصͣ΢ľ֮ϾҪ̫ࡣ
΢Ȼ֪Ԩ˷Ѿ͸˱Ƚϣ֪ȻϲΪ˵ԨһƽѾʼб
ֵܣͣ˵֮Ѿţ֮գ㻹ӦúúñܿȡţΪֱ˵һ¡
磬ʲô£΢һȴ֪ʡ
Ԩҡҡͷʱ֪ˡ

֮عԺѧۣȴԿʼ΢Ҳŵıįֻ̄΢ӵļűҲ˵һ뿼㲻׼ֶҪ棬΢ţԲӵı
ү㲻ҪţӳƽʱˮƽͿԣ㡣˵ⲻ֪΢ѹûһŵ˼
΢ԣ˵ֱСҼһ򵥡
ۿʱˣԺŴ򿪣ѧͯѾ룬΢ˣȥɣ֮Լȥ
ҡҡͷȻǴһֱſڣ΢ֲֻɵȥ
˹Ժ΢Ŀ䣬УҲǴԿʼȡȻо٣нʿ볯Ϊ١
˿̳ɣ΢ȴѾʮǰǸ΢
˿䣬רŵļ࿼ǰī޼дһƴСһڵݽȻȼ࣬ʽ
򿪿⣬һ⣬ʥˣѧʼڹ顱ԴΪ۵㣬дһƪ֤
΢һ֪ⲢѶȣ˼Ƭ̣ʼ顣
ͬʱԨʩչͼӵƾ磬̨ϳǰƮڿоγһԨߣ񣬺ǹ
Ԩ֮Ѿȷɣֻǹ֮λѡˣԨһֱƷ٣ڵظ˾Ҳһǿ
֮ˣδȷԨҡͷ˵£ԨԭѾȷѡǾǸֻգͷҡԴӽύ΢֮ԨƷʣ΢ƺʺϹ֮λѾŵѡ΢ʳԣΪˣԨҲǷղѡ
ӦЩȷؾǷͬСɣǰϱظλޣ粻˳٣ӦѾ֪ΪƷ֮λѾͷѪвŵʿǰ˵飬˵ɽͿɽڵĵҲҹ㣬̫ã֮¾λˡ
Īǣ˻ܶҷλ֮ȨɣƷУҲøǣߣԨŭﻹһˣ˿Ƣһ𣬴вηǿȨļơ
ģҶţ㲻ʲôˣŵΣ˵δɣǳɣҲѹͷϣֻҪסѡ֮ˢӣʱЩıٲɵŵӣ˵ûǹ鷳Ȼǲ˭ҲסǱ°ӣǸұƲۣʲѣѳɴһЦ漴뵽ʲôֵһ˽֮ʩչ֪֮֮ǰѡѶǸĪΪ˳֣ı⣿
ԨһЦһʲô¶򣬶ԷϾ˾񣬵ؾǼڲƷ٣˵΢ʩҲǽķԷ᲻֪
ȻԨҲλĽ飬ǹһ񣬽еԥ
һҲǴȤֻѧʮձͣȷϳУԼѣԣƷϼѣ£ȥƣĶ
ʱӦعԺμԣ
ãҷȥȥ
˵꣬һʧ٣Ԩ֪ԷͨӰȥ٣Ҳ档
ʱ΢ѾһƬд꣬ͨһ飬νʱѲո˵ڶ
ԹʮÿȼһԴ˸֪ʱ󣬼࿼վʱ仹кܶࡣ
΢ʱ򾹾мУȡӱţң֪һӶ
˿һӴƮ룬ķȻ뱻Ƽʩչֶȥ̥۸Ʋ
߳ߣ΢ԱĿת΢Ծֻǵһۣһ㶣֣һǻʮ㣬дҷ緶ԳһɣƮݣԽԽϲҪ֪֮ǰҲһˣйˣ٣ΪԵɺϣųΪ٣֮޹淨һ·ǨƷ٣֮λ
Լһ֣ҲǼƷǰԾϵһȣ֮𣬲̫Զ
ʱ򷴵˳ԣʼоˣҲǰԱȻȻС
˭
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻһʣŵһ£Ҳ̫嵱УͲôһҲһܿͷӦǿ϶Լ˵۷̥Լ
ֻʶ΢һۣһҪǸоЩ˼飬ʱ΢Űӱ̧ͷԼ
˰ΣƮƮƮƮֻ΢ԼƶƶףԷõԼ
ܿңһš
΢ͷһ䣺Ĺ»ҰȻ⣬ΣԣгɵҲΣ㾿˭



ʮһ 
ո΢ͷӱͻȻͷЩԣ̧ͷ㿴һƮͷ۾ĿԼԾ
ʮ֣Ѱ΢֮¶ʮ㣬ͷйӿǰȴûУƽ棬ְϡ
΢һӦ˹»ҰҲˣԲţһųѯʣһ־òԣԨڵĹ֮ΣҲһʱЩ档
ⲻ֪΢Ҫ𾪣ȻΣǽĹųΣľʿҲԼЩⷨţֻͨĿϵͨϾʿпһۿԼķ
꾹ȻԿԼ
֮࣬ϸһ룬֪ԷͨϾʿҪͨĿϣʮʿֻ׿Խ֮ſǰ΢һͨ꣬ľǣҶԷΪԼǹ»ҰҲ˵ԷܿԼԼǷͨĿϵʿôῴԼǷΡ
ӶȻֶΣҪ츳а룬֪һֿҪһЩ
ʮٻͣ츳Ҫдһֺ֣ѾǶ΢кøС
棬ı΢һ壬Ҳǰ֮ˣּ̼ͬƣɫһ㣬֮˼˺֣Ҳǰݼڡ
˵ͻȻͷһŭ֮ηȻԺҰҳ
ף־͹ڣ沢ɧѲӵļ࿼Ҳûš
ƫƫ΢˵ǳġ
ɫһֿ˿鰸һֽԾ¶֮ɫȻǻһƾץԾͷӶ
΢Ҫͬʱͭ΢Ŀɿڴˡ
ͭ𣬴ϣԼԾȻǱһ֪ĹߣǺáھдһݶˣһʱ·һˮͷϣ΢ͷš
˵һȳ̾ͼԺ֮վһ˴ˣһϣ汦ԼѧԾǺȳһ󵨹ȻҶѧԾ¡
ף˸ֻڹвһΪ顣
ֻȻһ񣬵ؾǼڲƷ٣ùɣǿᣬ˿˿壬˿ˣֻһҵ˭ԭĿأҵ£㻹ܲš
ˣҲ鷳֪Ŀ˹٣޵ؾʿһЩͷ˵֮תƯߡ
ɫһŭԾﾹȻ֪ԼԷΣԷҪߣǿ첽׷һСн¡
˿Ҳǽ彣γʱ䣬һɺȻһֱ򣬺һһʱһ߽⡣
˴ʧɫһѽ亮ǹǣЩҲɢǰԼԼĽ⡣ҲǼʶ㲩ǿ⣬ʲô
սʣһ֪λҹأ¹ɣʥһ𡣡
ɲˣҲûޣ֪㲻ȥ¶Ρ
˿ķҲƷٷͷñһ֪˭ˣظ˾г࣬ҲָƣЦԭ٣¹ɣˡ
˹˹٣ǵظ˾٣ɳϽƷ٣˹УѾͬһƷԱ˹ټ٣ͬƷټɹ٣ҲһֻƷأֻͬڰƷ٣ȻҪԳ¹١
һ֪˭ÿ
ɼæһָһԾѧӺףԸǾһˣߣ¹پλѧԾ
ǲأˬˣһ˹ٿҲȥڡ
¹ֻԲã״ܣұϴɳɲáƽȴŵһ¡
Էʥ֮Ҳ˵ǳĸηǿȨ˵˾ԽƢţ˵ҪԲø״ϴɳпܸɳµģʱԼñλްƤ
뵽ҲӦԼ̫ϲһˣԵʱҲ֪ôģʶʹԾһ룬ôʵǲףһ΢Сӿȡ뵽ԨҪΪԷȻҪǻ¡
ֻһҲУ뵽һӣһЦĿأΪһ֮˵ԾȻֵԲñ꣬ʵЩˡʵҺѧҲһԨԴҺϲ֣԰вŴԾԾ㳭¼һݣѧӵĴ㳭¼꣬ҴݣΣȲѧǰ̣ҲңǽԴϲ
һʱЩȻ벻ƷپȻΪһƪֶ£һʱҲк棬ʲôֵ֣Ϊó򲻹ݣɳԾ顣
Ҫ˵֣ҲһңˣһλѴģĶԷֻգͨ黭հݷѣȴǾԷ鷿йһʡ
ʥʶ֣־˼顱Ҳ֮䣬Ҳһƪ鷿վѡ
Ѽмһ֣ȴƽ⾳ģˮұ仯鶯һ˵á
һֺɱǲ跹˼ڶվٴΰݷѣȥƤЦάֻΪǸƭߣ˭֪ͷβãҲɷȥؼ֮ҲġȴԼдֲ֮Ҳ̶ã⼸ķңֻ˼λʥд˺֡
ΪֳտЩͬܡ
¾鵹ҲУԼǿأҲ٣Լ賭¼ֻҪѧ£ͿɾԷǷа
֮ǰȻѻ˵ôţһԸʹȻҲŻ򣬱Ͼ۴ӹλΪԼ˼̫̫࣬˵˺ݻסλ
ɵͷͬ⣬ȻֻǷҲɲ黹һƪ֣˦һͽԾС
չһɫ䡣
⡭ⲻǡɶһԾĻȴΪϳֺѼǸһģһǳͬһ֮֡
ٿһƪ£дҲǼв۵۾ˮһǳɣֻ֮Ȼһë
ʱֲ֪ȡһƪԾԼҲռΪеͷҪġ
ǰ֮˵ͨ
뵽ղźǻڵĳҲˣǲӦԼΪ٣һƪռΪ쾭塣
ԶɵļƣǰãĿأɿˣǿ꣬ͷң¶࣬һøϻȥء


ʮ 侮ʯ
һϺֻ꣬¼ȻѾӦԷҲˣңҲɣ±Լˡ
һѧ΢֣ɼΪԸĽԾ˦
һЦٲԣһ£һӰȫޡ
ȻʧһҡͷҲǿ첽ȥ
˵΢Ҳ֪ô߳ԺģſڵȺæӭȥȴ΢ͬʧ˻һ㣬ɫһĵȻûпá
룬㿪ڿοүûдãҲδزаȷſģǧ롣
΢һһůʱҲֻŻ˰οԼֻԼûдãѹľǰ׾
Īǹ֮λעң΢ʣȻ޹ǾԨҪԼΪͨ뵽һʱһԼﻮҲɷĻͷȻǻԼʮþȵϣˮһգɵҲǿЦһ
ֻǸԼԾǺˣԷȻǹ»ҰΣӰȥ١
΢˵һŷӶ΢ߵ΢ϸһ룬֪ԼҲ޷ı״㳤̾һ֮ʧ֮ˣ
ǲȥ룬ԼҲѧ˷·δؾֻйһ΢ʱҲʰġ
ڴ˿̣һ䳰ȷ
ⲻֵô֪дΰҽ˵ѧӿһ˽˰׾Ҳ΢ʵǴɣﻹһ˺ֵͬͬգ˵ȤȤ
ʱͼЦ˹ǵ٩ͱ֮ɫ
׾ʱ΢Ϊǰ飬ֻΣ΢Ҳܽ׾涨ʲô顣
һѧӿע⣬˽˰׾ǺΧѯ΢ʲôˡ
֣ô˵ֻһ˽΢λСֵܣǽ׾񲻾һԺ͸ͨһʱҲǳȡЦ֮˶ܿԷ֪ʡ
һʱ䣬˿΢ǲмͱ֮ɫѧӺҲۺûٶдһƪ£һֶдμʲôԣֱȡ衣
ʱҲǹȡЦ΢ģˣüͷһ壬ҪǰѵԷ
΢һæסһ似ҪֱѴ֮ǲ΢ҪĽ
֪ı£˿̼һĻЦֵܣĪǸ׾֮˾㣿ˣǿɾΪ̫ʧˣҪ֪ΪֿǶֻҺܺ棬ÿҶʫ飬֮ʱȴһֶд
΢⸵Ȼʹ̽ԼԽϢ֮Ǽ͵䣬˵Ʒɼ൱ӡ
Ȼ˱֮ˣ΢Ҳᡣ
ȻôŹ΢ǰΪ룬Ǯѧѧϰ㻹ԸȥŪ˰ɣΪһ룬ȥѧԺҲ޲˷Ǯƶѣǿϣ˭̵һˣҲҪɥںúö飬ٿҲüǵŬһЩʱһֶд
˵꣬ЦǼת뿪
ߣ΢ΪôĿģ΢ο侮ʯԼĽȡ֮ģѰˣʮͱпܱԷóѣһ겻񣬴Ӵ΢ǺˣľܻƵġ
үո̫ˣŭδ΢ţͳȥѵԷˡ
ȮͣЦУ΢˵꣬⣬뿪Ժ
һ·Ĺĵģ˵벻Ǹ˱֮ˣȻר侮ʯֹ΢һҲûʲôٿǡ
СѾͷµİοԼ΢оЦ뵽ʧܣ޹֮ҲԴˡ
Σôӳ顣
صСԺԨ춯߳ǰѯʣ΢δ˵ŭδȽ齲˳ĩһɫԨ磬ҼүɽҲֲո˵ģ䳰ȷֻһѾͷöԶո֮ʵ̫֣ٸҼүݹ棬֪˺罻Բѣת
˵꣬ҲԨ߹ȥ΢ˮ
ԨһŪҲĿɿڴȻ֪ʲô飬ȴ֪ƽʱºͣӲ˷ͻΨһֻ΢ǽǼˣȻ
һ΢Ԩʵֵܣˣ
΢ʱ˵ʲôȴǿЦһ˵ͷԨɫѿû뵽Ȼȥ΢ģû٣΢Ӵһ겻ǻһ
΢Ȼ˰׾Ԩ涨Ȼ顣
磬л˵΢ʱ˵֪Ԩʶ㣬֮£ʶԼԾǹ־ʲô
ԨҲϸѯʣԵͷ΢ϸ̸
ֵܣҲ㣬ôΣҲܽһ׾ô£
㲻ʣҲҪ΢㽫Լ֮һһԨһ̱ɫŹ֣˵ǹŹֵ˼㡣
һ֪΢ԾһֻƷ٣Ϊôǿ֮£һʱԨ˵һ仰Ӷʺš
΢ϸ緢һԨı֪飬٣ԨӦ֪ԼԾ֮˵ĵϸ
¹Լǰ̣΢̱磬ǲ֪ʲôԾǹ﾿ʲôͷҵʱҷ˳ԺǳǹԷŲֻߣ˳ֶҵԾ
Ԩдģܷ򣬶ҳԺǳģʣ϶֮ˣӦǼ࿼֮٣зҲ֪ˡԨһ룬ǺεȴڣĿģ¶飬ȻôˣһὫƺ֮㣬뵽Ƿſġ
ֵܣҿģֻ̽뱾صİҲһЩ飬֮ҲϸѯʣϾ㲢Ľ˰׾ֻԾ˶ߣӦлءԨû˵֪ǶԾ΢óԨȻףҲѹµǣѯʡ
֮Ұ⼸ֵ㰲ڼҰɣ
΢صԼӣѾϴˮãϰ˶Сһ뷹
үȵģȳԣȥˣĹĵ˵ֻһ˵ķûƽʱǰ׼ԨһݣȻδ
΢֪ԨոճţȻԷˣЦЦ˹ıӣºûϵҲ֪Ʒ˵ӣϾ֪֪治֪ġ
֪˵꣬һ¿㣬ȥԺȥˣԴõõ洫ÿҪ衣


ʮ 
¥Χٱ
֣㶨ʲôϲˣԲǺȾƣҾһʲôϲ£˵ҲմմϲһһƣϵĸЦ
ҲЦͣһ⣬֣ϲУ³֮뼸λȾƳ⡣
˵꣬˺˱֮ơ
층ȷǸˣԴ֪ԨΪ٣⽫Ϊ֮㽫֮λ֮ҲԨѧѧ֮ò飬֪Ϊ٣ɾͱزС
һʱգʮþȵȴǳһЩ⣬ʿŵݷԨвŵӣ֮Ԩסһáǰ߲ʣ϶ǳŹ֮λߣϸ֮Ҳ϶ԷĿĲ
ЩŵȻλߣһǷǰԨеĸϺ񣬵Ԩʶʮ֪꣬ԷƢԣԨȻΪϥЩŵӱһԺգΪԼֻǰ׷ѹѡ
ǽ΢Сӣڸȴĸ󻼣Դ΢סԨСԺ֮Ԩ㲻ǰǰ飬ʱᾭἰ΢֮⡣֪ԨԸرϤĪѣԷ̬ȡ
ʶ죬΢ԨĹϵͿԼøһΣУ˵΢˷μԣȡȻ֪δ֮٣ǰǹ
΢֪֮£Ԩת䣬Ҫ֮λ΢ԼΣ
ʱˮ֮λҪ䵽֣֮ȻԴУ֮ǰŻ뷽跨Ҫ΢ŪСԺֻҪ˲ӴǹϵȻ䵭û뵽΢ȻֱӽͱԨʱǵԨı飬ǶԼ൱Ĳ⡣
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ڹԺҲˣʱרŹһ΢˰׾ϲ񣬵֮²Ŵ˹ȥ侮ʯҪ΢öԷıӴ
ڿ΢زа޹ԨأΣ
е֮£Ƕ˼ѾŽζһٵˡ
֮󣬷Ű֮ա
΢ճ˼ľѾſ޹Ҳʹıȡ֮λֻһݾ㲻ɣ΢ҲкСܲΪһ·ֹ߲ͨǰ֮һһ˳ٻĿСҲ٣֮·ҲˣҸʤɹ֮·Ǿǲգһߴܱܿ³һʧһѵҲһǾӣ΢ӽ
Ȼʱ΢ҲԼĹȥ̽ԼԾǹĵϸֻȴ̽κϢ
үշŰ㲻ȥ۰𣿡ʱ߹ʵ
΢ҡͷȥȥȥ޷ҽڼҿ顣
㲻ȥȥȻû΢ľȻ֪ãȥ˵꣬ܳȥ
΢ЦЦӻһľƣǵտɽ˵Ժڣɳִȥ΢ĺ·֮һ
ľƣ΢˿Ԩӣ˿Žգ⼸ԨڼңҲ֪æʲô¡
΢Ⱦīʣʼϰʦ˿Ҳ֪ʲôʱһ̧ͷһȴݶƬ֮ϣһֻè
΢һ֣ӺīƬ̣һԧū˯ĻԾȻֽϡ
Ժǰ˿ѾۼѧӿԷŰ񣬹ϵǰ;ȻȺ
ǰ̧ͷȴŷŰ񵥣СȭͷţѾǽŵ㡣
ԶҲǹʹǰȻ϶΢а񣬵ܾЩס⼸죬ҲȥѰԨԨڼңҲ֪ȥ˺δǰԨţض֪һûУøЩ֣֪̿ȻԼ΢Ԩ֪ˡ
վ֮󣬸ϸһĥ֪ԼЩˣȥ侮ʯǿԴ΢ȻԨʧ֣ȻѾˣǶ˵棬ֻҪ΢аԼֻԨ߶Ȼɱǰӡ
ʱԺŴ򿪣ŰĹʿȺˣһźֽǽϡ
ˣˣ쿴ûϰ񣡡һ˿̽ͷȥ
ңңԵʮһˣˣһýĿԼ֣˷ܵĸС
ΪʲôΪʲôûҵ֣Ŀ׻һһ鿴Ű񵥣ƺԸʵ
ǰ࣬ϲŭͬ
ȺбĶᣬϸŰϵ֣ǴһǰϣԿ΢֣ڣˡ
۾ȷԼûпǼӯЩ޳֮ϣ΢֮Ȼڵһ
Եһ΢¼ϡ
ˣүˣ
΢ֵȻֹԶԲ۾һţ·𿴵ܵһ
⡭ôܣôа񣿲ܣ˰׾һδдЦô¼ϣһףҲҪ١
˵ܻ꣬ĲȺǰȥҲǱŭͷȻһѽİ¡
˺Ҳ˵ģҪ֪ѧİǴʥ֮һϣ˿˵˺ˡڰ֮ǰѧף˺񣬽ɲзϣ󾪶ɳʥһ֮¹Ȼ¹ᣬпףܷ֮֮١ҲΪ̸˺£Ҳ͵ѧӿ׵һּΪܸҲǴͶΣ䣬ǹĶˣǸȥ̶ʮ
˿˺İĸԴҲ˲ָ侲뵽˺İĺ̳һ亹һΧЩĿɿڴѧӣֿ˿İ֪ǺҲˡ
ڵѾﻢ£ȻѾİ˺£Ǿֻһߵڡ
뵽΢׾֪֮еһǲŽм˹һסʱ򸵴еĵҲ㣬ȴǸͦأһǵģ
˵˺İǴ£Ժֹ̳ǳѯʣûеڶ·ߣټʮ㣬Աʥʥԣп˽ף˿˺İ٣ұٱİһ΢ס
һ˽ȺеһĴ
Ǽһʮ㣬ҲЩ׽˺İȷǴ£зҲֻܽͨةһ١
йסȥţΧֵѧӿȴԽԽ࣬һЩũСҲΧ˹һ֡
ܿ죬ة˺һһһεǿɣةĶͷ˾һ˶˵


ʮ ȡ
긵ļ֮ԣɫ֮˶óش˺ܲˡ
˲֪ɶ΢˭Ϊһƪ֣ݶ΢ԾȴԼ³¼һݵԾ²ִ٣΢׾֮в֪
ȷ˻ף⻹治ף΢¾֮Եжռͷܼ˵ǿҲδд¡
ذһӹɡ
˵ɼ΢壬Ҳ˿һ۱崺磬¶ҪãˣùܸɳԾ˿Цõ
Ҳܶ⹫Ϊʲô⣬ȴû뵽Ȼд˺İ
ٿɱһϲǳԱ˳ŵģû¸˺ʲôİȻк޲һŴǷϣ˵Ǻˣ
ظشˡȻ⣬أҲùȴ׼ıù֮λҲȲλĴˡ
֪ƾʵݣ˺İǴҪ㹦ʮһƤ΢Ÿ
Ҳʿ޵Сʿģ飬أؾѾͨϾǰһ磬ϣǱͨϾ
ʿУҲһ۲۵ǿߣôһֻۣо̩ɽѹʱһ亹ȶԾĶ
ƾʵݣȻûУֻһԸ϶΢ףе̣΢׾֮¡
ʱ򸵴ҲֻӲͷƤشˣ΢֮ʱհףһδдʣ¶ûдܱϣܳذһ˶Ȼס
˵꣬мѧӿ֮ͣˣ壬˵һδдܶðףΪʲôЩ˵˼ʮּ򵥣һˣǻлϰ
ЩĶˣ޲óȥݺݽС˴һ٣ɵة˺Ϳش˶ڣֵĵط
ô˵㲢ƾʵݣֻǵ;˵ʵǴ󵨣ʱһԺǳһ˶ס첻ԡŵһ£ʱҲֻѼӲҧ΢׾ˡ
˭˵΢ǰ׾֤һةҲɫƣ£Ȼ˺İ飬һͱȥԼҲ͵ͷˡ
һ㶣ͣ뵽ϸڲ͸¶ϢԼһԺ͸¶ģǽͱǺ˼ҡ
һʱЩ֪ζԴ
һҲǻȻ˭ûۼ˼΢׾ֻǿտҴǱΪ棬ҥԣ˺İ̫ˡ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬亹ֱȥ΢ԷȻϽ˰׾ȥҲֻܽԼλ˵ò֤ݣᱻȥ̶ʮĸܲˡ
һλ˵ǹԺ࿼ʱֻӲͷƤ
˭ʣȻҪˣ±ҪŪԿηָҥԾʹʲôˣԹԺԼٵá
һһҴ˹óҲʲô£֮󣬾ûվĸ
¹ټشˣةˣ֮ûڣһةʣأ֮أҲֱӹϽѯΪǡ
Ǽ࿼˿Ѿ˱ڶ˽ȥ¾ȻҲҽԼǣҪ֪ΣԼǷ˹Ժء
ڣҲֻǾʵΪ˵עһ΢˵йڣڼ࿼֮ʱȥ̽ʱʹӴڿ΢Ѿдһƪ¡
ֻվ֮ʱ΢ľӣȷǿհףԱ͵͵͸¶˸תȥٿ΢ӣ澹Ȼ֣ҲŪףֻҧԼۻ΢ȷǴ˾ӣԼŻҥԡ
صһ̱˵ϣ˿ŵĻû뵽΢׾֮¾ȻУֻǼ࿼󴫣ƫƫԼȻΪ档
漴뵽˺Լ˺İ΢ûףԼܸ棬Ҫȥ̶ʮһ뵽ҲվסˡҪ˵װװᣬ۹ȴһ㶼ûС
ѾѧУ㻹ʲô˵ģɿһ۸ͬڿһˡ
ҡҡ֪ԼζһͷûйǱɱܡ
΢Сһףûн׾ҲܶõһҲҪۿ¡ͻȻһݣ΢꣬дھص£ֻҪԷ²УԼָ©Ǳ㻹лء
֪ڸģãұᣡһȥȡ΢ԾƬ̣㱻ȡ
ɣ⣬Ҳǰһͬ˵꣬йԾչһľ֮ϡ
һȥҲмǰͼԽӶԽԽͷ亹Խ࣬ĲɳڣѰ©ԷŴǴ˿ǰһƪ£ȴǽṹܣֱ˿Ϸ죬Ҳһ©
ƪ££ۣ֮˶Ŀһ£Ƕ֮˼ͶءҪͷҲǹһ㣬ǾͻӦǷʥۡ
һʱ丵Ȼƿԣд˾ʾ׵£ϣȷ޲֮
ѧûиǷ̵ȴаݷ˿һǿʱͷ˼ٿ£оҹƣȻʡ
һʮƪ£һʱ㣬ͬһһ㣬ɫ󣬳̾һģʤʮ飡
ҲǴȺм̽ͷģҲʶ֣ȴ֮ܿɵȻԼүƪдĺãĻŭţ΢ˡ
ҲһƪƺүױдͲһ
ֻôܵ˵˿Ѿ俴򸵴С˻ʲô˵
΢һƪʥԡѾǿڿഫģǴкãʱѾͬ˪ӣήҲ˵һ仰
һˣһة̵ͷǰྲ¡
ڶѧӿγѣ¸̨
ʣƪ£ܷϣλ£гߣɳѯʣ˶Դ𣬵΢һƪµģóϷûһ˿һĲ
˿̻鼱תŶԲߡ
УҲܾôȥһûйԨܽңԲУ
ʱ򸵴˺İ֮Ѿ׷Īûкҩ
㻹ʲô˵ģΪһ֮˽һ֮ԹҥԣȻ˺İòƾʵݣˣ˵ȴϳͣϺڣڿʼұȥŹˣ̶ʮ


ʮ 
ʱ׻۾Բĳֹŵ״Ρ
û¾ǳ΢֣֮ôдȾ׵£һס
ֱ˿̣֪ڸģǼĻֱӰӾʹ
žʮ£ĸǿ޵ҽֹϣһ¾Ƥڶ¾͵üѪʮѾƤѪܡ
긵Ѿȥ²̧֪ȥ
Χһƣ£⸵Լûƾʵݾȥ˺İ񣬵³ҲǻãƤ֮࣬ò׵õĹҲǱȥҪָ֪ȥĳͷΪأԺҲٲμԣǶǰ;
Ҳ˵Ժǰһ־磬˵ҴұСԺϲյſڣͻȻֻԺֻӳһգ۾ܵûӰ
գҲ󣬲£ֻþ棬ô󼲱ͬ
СԺֻ΢һͼ
ߵ΢󣬱Żһ£ȴǼ΢ǰһͼϾȻһֻ߻èֻһٿȥһǾȻһֻΪ̫棬ȻΪè
ˣ΢Ȼͷʵѽһһ
عҪŻŻ΢û뵽΢һǲˣСһ٣һĹĵӡ
뵽ϲ£ϲЦտæչȥү²ҽײʲôˣ
΢һɰģͬ۵һףҲǰԺЦĪаˣ
һ㶣үô֪
΢ЦѾͷϲŭдϣԼûа񣬾Բһϲɫ¶µóԼаˡʱ΢ǰ˵ҪȥԼȥ㣬˵æȻҲпǶԼԾǹķֽ֣ԼԾ˻ȥ
ȷº΢ҲûϲҲĥľϲţҲ̩ɽ
۾һתµԼıԼĵԼ֪үĻüЦС˱үȻ֪
ǵһ£үȻ²
ʲô£΢²һҾ˵ı飬΢Źһ񣺡Ҳ֪͸Ұɡ
үԣΪãﲻסˣһ㽫Ű񣬸˺󱻸ȥʮ֮һһ˵Ļɫ
үһǵһμôֵĹӴƨɣŶۣǸҲƨɿⶼҵģ˭ү㣬㲻֪˺˵ף˵дǵ£󶼻ѼӲϴĹĵ˵
΢Ȼ
һӦԼԾȻ˻ȥֻѹ֪Ժչʾɳ¼һݣԭԾѾղ
⣬΢Ҳû뵽Ȼ˺İ£ɫѿҪ֪Է֤Լ׵ĻԼԶȡȡʸ񣬶Ҳ̷֮ģ̫ˡֻۣⱰС˸û뵽ǰʯͷԼĽš
˵̷Ƥ̣֮˵ȥμӿƿѾǳ׶˸֮·
΢Ǹֻ´Ӱ죬£΢ЩѾûϣһ£Լõ֮λĿȥ΢߳ϵϣ
Žɽˮ·һ壬Ѿôϣˣû뵽ȻǷ·ת΢ӦллǸǶԷͷһȸôһԼаϣҲ˴
д󶨣΢Ƿ
ЦеģֻҪ΢ãͺͳһ㡣ʱղŵӣԻèĹ£ѯʡ
үһ֣ǰôûмֻҸղŻ㱿һֻèҲСԣ˿ǰϸ˿һΪԧū˯èͼŷһĻҪϸĶ࣬ϸԼ档
΢ЦЦһõĻͬڴͳһ̲֮ʱһλ֮ѧĻͬ΢ѧ֮ϸоиȻԳһɡ
˷ڻʦī飬Ȼǲֻͬ΢֪֮СԺеѾӵľ⣬Ǳһܵģ֮Ѿ۹һѾǸƷˡ
϶̫ˣˣ΢Ц
пܣүȥŪãȥ󷹣΢Ǵ͸͸磬СԺⲻԶӣӣ羰Ҳá
ɲţ΢˼㣬һߵӱߣʱмڰ̸ģ΢߹ͻȻԼ֣һ㶣Żһ˿üɫ˵λԵһ΢ʥԣ
ȻѾ˾֪˭֪Ժǰ˺İܸ΢Ĵ˱㹫΢£ȷǾޣȡԵһǴ´࣬˵Ѿ˳¼׬һˡſ˵
д£ҲҪȥһƪأ벻ؾȻ΢ôһӣ£ҿЩʿдҼүǿԺְǰӴĶǲŸ߰˶֮ˣ۽εȵĸߣ΢ʥԣޣ̾硣
үӶô˵ǾûˣҪҿ΢Ȼǰ;ˣλֿ֪΢סδҴȥݷһ
Ҳд⣬Ȳӣֵýύ󼸼īǾ͸ˡ
΢̸ԼҲΪԾ벻ԼȻ˳ǰ˳Լ£΢֮Ҳ˹ȥ
ǵ΢黭̯ǸλãֻԭǸͷ̯λڣ˿̣Ѿʮ˽ǸλΧ΢ȥһʣ֪ǾȻԼһƪʥԡ
ҲҪзݣ΢ӵʥԣһݰ˰ģŲۣͷ˿˷ܵµ˰㹻һϯˣʡĵ㻨Ҳһ¡΢Ȼû뵽Լһƪ¾ȻֵǮ˰һݣ˶ڷ򵽵ˣ䱦ϲЦտ뿪׼ȥϸжо衣
һĻ΢ҲǲЩ⣬ԼҪҪ£ϾԼ棬һ룬»ǲҪôĺãϾڵԼõĹְҪ¡



ʮ 䶨
մ磬Ԩ糾͵ĸ˻Ҳ֪ȥʲôطɫǰӣ˽ʮ죬Ԩٺľ
ԨΪֱˣ˵ʵ΢Щ˸УԨ˵µȾͱһ죬ʱֱӳΪƷ٣һЩʿҪ
Ԩӣ˿һЦݵĿ΢ɫ͸¶֮ɫ
磬˵ˣҲҪżĵȴ˵ǿ϶ʱû뵽ˣҵԾѾһأλİһ΢ʱ˵˵꣬Ԩһ
ұֵ֪㶨аֻû뵽㾹İһʥҿȷǾޣ֮Ϊ硣ԨЦ˵
˵ЦˣҺס£ôܰı绹ҷСһݡ΢ҪԨæסڶ΢Խ⡣
⼸죬Ϊ΢רʩȥһۣҪѯΪζȡ΢Ծ
һʼѲûˣŽԨһǿЦãó񣬾ȻΪһƪ顣˵Ѿ¼һݣ΢Ծ֪Ѿ˲ȣ֪Լһˡ
ϾδȥһҲףвˣҲһЩϵҪһϾҪְ˲ȥݷãǾ̫˵ȥˣһȥ͵˼졣
ȵȥ˵΢а֮£Ȼ΢ˣ⣬˵ڮ΢ף˺İ󱻸ȥ̷ʮ֮ԨǾþ
̫ʧˡ
һ̾ԨǼʹģ벻Ȼ飬֮ǰ΢ĵ飬֮ǰǴ⸵ˡ̫עǿʤխѡ
һԨˣˣԼĻὫ֮λʱзˣ
Ԩ΢˸λãҲһЩԥϾ΢ʮ꣬ͻСʤιְ֮
Ԩ˼ǰ󣬾¸΢΢ʲôӦ
ֵܣɼǵ˵аұ˵һ¡ڣҾͽ˵Ԩ΢˵
΢һȴǲ¶ֺ뽲
Ԩ˵ͷ㽫Լ齲˳΢һɫأ˼Ƭ̺ŵ磬ѵûʲô취ȥ򿪷ץҩβ
˵꣬ҪܣԨæš
ⲻǲ˵ˣɶȲˣ˵ţԨȴкοҲ͸˵ԷȻǳԹϲٿ΢Ǿͱȸǿ̫ࡣ
΢ͷȻϷĳɷ֣ҲȷЩܡ
ܸģ˹һѾǿ˺ܶˣֵҲΪѹҪ˵һ£ǵΣȨһλӾƷ٣ְ֮ɻ˵ΣǹΪ⽫λӣ㣡
΢һ㶣Ȼ֪ù֮ԼϣѾ󣬵Ԩ˵ҪԼ飬Ǽѡ
ΪˣɽڵĻᣬΪ֮λֻѾ̤ɳβ΢Ҳ֪һû٣һձ㲻ܷɾ裬ĵϹҲֻ̤˵һѡ
Ԩ΢֪ʲô٣Խڶٽһ΢ϸòŵ磬ܵٹ
кβɣйѧ˷ҷλ쾭塣㵣ĲץʱؾܲýʩΪɵȡһһĶ֣õġԨЦ
΢ŵͷһġ
ãҪܣ㲻ɶκҲУϾǴ£δ֮ǰһʧҶҪꡣԨһֵҴ޽⼸ͲˣһЩҵǰ׼ֵܣʱ䣬ú֮ǸҲҪúͶ˵дãһЩ飬ֻܽ
΢Ȼǵͷǣ֮󣬶ʱоգΪ֮ͼıĵһ£Ҳǳ䶨⣬ְ֮϶Լ
ľߣԨûᣬ˵ЩŵȻ̨ǿӲԨʹҪȻһҲܵõ֮λˡ
ļ죬΢һÿϰ黭Ȼ飬Ҳÿܳȥˣʱ򶼻ߴߴĽ
΢ȸЩʧһǣȶǽˣϾֻһԵһһƪ͵¶ѣ۵ĶǶˣͨնԴ˲⣬ʱһȻ˵Ҫ˵ʧıͷֻͷ⼸˵ѾʥԣϾصĶˣѾһݡ
ոճţ΢Ӻīߵš
Īʲô۷ˣ΢ǰţȴǸɽĵӹվ棬΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ڹһλһɽʿʿۣһѰԳɷ磬ͷſ֮ʿ΢ۡ
ҲǳŹ֮λģǰʱ侭Ҳ΢˸죬Һ͸ȣĸƽУûʲôŵӵļӣҲ΢ļ䡣
ֵܣ벻˲¶࣬ƪʥԵǾʾף˶ĿļǳޣŪ΢ЩȻ΢Ҳ˹ĵĻ֮
ܴ˵Цˣֻһƪ¶ѣ˵ţ΢ѾùĺʿԺָָԨӵλİɣȥ
ĵ˵ͷҲûжԣʱԨŶǺЦմܱϲȵϲұ֪йţԭɽĺ٣ĳªԡ
΢һһ˵ˣ˵ɽҲһʿտý
벻Ϊ˹֮λҲԳˣʣﶨȻΪ˸˵顣ֻ΢˽Ԩ֮ˣףĺͺҪһˡ
һԨͣ΢صԼӣҲˣȴǱԨס
ֵܣҲǰˣôܲͣһ
΢֪ԨǲԼˣҲǴΪжԨĻҲΪ죬΢һۡ
ĺͺ裬΢Ԩࡣ
ʱ΢ϸ۲죬ǺʿҲһˣ۹֮ͷ֮ϾȻӿ֡
΢ѾԼ츳˽⣬˵ۣɿʿΪǿ֮£ʿͷƣһС磬Ĵ󾳽磬ĵСʹ󾳣ȻС硣
λˣΪٶС磬£ԨΪС綼ǣΪȵĹأСʿҪڳǰġ
Ǵ˿̣ԨȴһɺͶԷƽƽļƣȴΪԨƷ٣λͻᳬˣʱؾٶȱһǧ޹ĻڷΪ֮ϣδܼԵȻ蹧


ʮ 
ǹʦ壬һǰݷԨĿĺܼ򵥣ΪùϹٹλ
ֻǺ˺εῴԨ΢ĺ壬޵ĸ㣬ѡѾ΢˼
Ҳݵʿ˷ǰ˵ľָΪ˺İȥһΪԨѡԼǰݷãԨҲֻܾû룬ԨѾѡ
ԺҲûἰ֮£Ϊ֪˵Ҳ˵
ƶ֮˵һͼƶ֮࣬Ҳϲõ֮˷ǰ뿴һһͼ֪˿ɷƶԸƷ˿ڲ裬˵
Ϊʦֶ٣˿ȥǸĿ˵ͼǸԼһ̨¡һ֪ӦҪơѣͼıҲʦްŵģòҲر⣬ϲɽϾ֮¡
ȻҲóԨѡĹѡӦþŵ΢ˡ뵽Ǹʮֱģխ֮ĿˣȥҲǶĳͷһ۹Զ΢뵽΢дʥԣҲԨһѡûѡ΢Ǹǿˡ
ԺȥȡԨȻ֮ĵλɽ˹Ȼ²ǿŷ޵˵ԡ
ȡԨһ㻺չ΢Ҳ̽ͷһŷֺ˵Ĺͼǵһͼ΢һμһͼ֪䲻֮˵һһ΢ֻǴҴҿһۣһΣҲϸĦ
һ΢óһۣǱǻһˣȻʦľˡ
Ԭ̿գҲ֪֮ˣǻ֮˵߶ǡ΢а
Ҳϸͼ䱦һ㣬Բ黭ֻ֮ǿ֣˼֮󣬾ͿʼȲ衣
ã˲ŵͼݴʦһŹŴ񷨣ԣҲ֪˵õ˻ҲһݻԵƶһʮϲ֪Ϊ˿ɷûƶƶһľ
˵ţһϷһȡһƴСͨڵľͷľͷһ֣ڵ¶ƺƾյ˼ȣһɺ⡣
΢֮Ȼ֪ڶľԿŵǰȻ֪Ԩ֪ԷΪ٣ԲｻľԨĹȻ졣
ֻԨҡҡͷҪõʧˣ˻Ҳ㽻ҹȥֻҵĴˡ
˵ʱ򣬿һ΢Ц⡣
΢һ㶣Լİɣ־ϲһ¶ʧ֮ɫǱƶͻˡ
˵꣬û£豭еˮΣ˺͹ıǣȻһεĿûдɡ΢ԨҲͣͳԺ֮󣬺˺͹ʩչسɴĵգ֮ûӰ
Ǹˣ֪ѡǼ±ᶼûᣬ޵˵ľȻȥǿ󡣡Ԩ̾һ΢һԵͷǡʱԶֿһˣϸһȻǹȥ
ܴ磬©ˣ΢ǰЦ
ҡҡͷ΢Ҹղһ˸㣬֮ǰҹҰصأƺʩʱߵÿ죬ûп壬һ룬ȥǶԹ޼ֶ֮㲻ҺʦԵɣҽＸգǸҪԸ㣬Ҳܰæ
΢һҲһҲǵԨ˵ڹ֮ո覴ñرƢԻпܸɳʹԸԼ顣
һԨҲüͷ̾˿ǰȥҹŽգ˲ڣַھ˵Դ˺İ񣬱ûлʶ˲ûпԸ˼ˣ֮ĸ÷ˣԨһ
粻̫黳ϾҲֻǲ²⣬ҾøӦò顣΢ʱ˵һ⡣
΢ȻĲ⣬ôһѣֿܡ
ֻҲ֪᲻ᱨԼֻôԨ͹֣Ҳֲʲôô
뵽΢ŷ
Ƚޣ΢ȥһЩƣ˼̺òˣСԺȾƳ̸΢ŷ֣ػΪɣǸǿ˲֪٣ŵӡ
ȵ㷹ɫѰ΢ҲЩֱϢԨСԺһļӣסˡ
΢صӣȥϢԼǾˮϴһЩʩԼĹ͡
һŮԼ֣ƮڿУ΢ӯӯһݡ
ŮǰҲһ»ҰԼ˭ѾǵãҪ΢ҪôɢҪô·õĻתͶ̥ãҪôΪ޻ǻҪôѡ
ȽЩܳΪ΢ĹͣѾõˣΪгɣҲпܳΪΪɡ
΢츸ĸһ㡣
ūӣŮɭɭ˵ǧġ
΢˵ʵЩĸԼ鷳ȻԨ͹ȶڣеǹ׶㰵ѷһС˵ǿֻԼ
΢ùԼʲô紵ݶ²УҲʾ
΢齻һŮͷӷģūƴŻɢҲҪȫ
ˣ΢ŷ˯¡
ҹʱ֣СԺ֮⣬ӱϣȴӰ
һȻʧٵĸ˿̸һ£һȫȻ֮ǰ˿̶СԺķֳһƴСĹŹСġ
Сʮ־£ѪдһģƤǷ·Ƥһ㡣ʵϣƤƳɵһƷƤġ
аʿŻƵĶ۹ǼΪ֡
ڸ棬վһˣȴģòªжһ۴һСϸԿ˫Ŀ׺һƬȻһϹӡ
Ϲֳһ״Źֵľȣ˿һЦŸУҪԸ˱ǰСԺУ
˹Ȼʮֹͷǣ֣в֮𣬲ɱйͷ֮ޡ
Ȼ͸żȵԹ



ʮ è
ȤҲ˵ƺ㹦ӵǹɣΪβȥ鷳ճµĳ˹ĺĺһˣڨڨһЦûпÿأ߸ƣοԷ˵ǵʥΪС
鷳
ı飬ǳ˹ֵȻ֪ЦˣȻԸҳϹΪʦҰæ
лֻ֣ʩչֶΣ˻ҵ±ãСԺУһ˾֮ͨһɽĵӣΪֻƬ̣ȡСӵ̰ݳΪʦӴ˰ǰ󡣡
֮գɽĵӣΪҲС磬ҪǲѣҸһʱ䣬㹻Ϲӵʵ
ϲæˣһʱ䣬ҿԺúǸֵСӡ
Ǳ㿪ʼɣҲ󷨣ƤȥɱˣϹ˵꣬ȡյǵƣҲа˹ƶɣʬͣ𣬱ǷҲ
ںӱ߰ںյǵƣϹУҧֱָյǵ֮ϣѪͣһð߼磬ٿϹдʣǵ漴һɺڷ硣
ԶСԺȻҲǱһɺڷ֡
ˣѳɣȥɡϹ˵꣬¶ϲɫʼָôеƤġ
죬һӰΡ
Ӱɷʮ㣬֮󣬾ȻֳһֻҰСϹʱҲᡮסһǰֹ󻼣һֻӵɾң˽ɱʬȴ֪٣Īط󾫵ĻǣɹɷǿȴĹ׵ĺܰ
ǵһЦǳּʶ㲩͵͵ȡʬĻʱ⣬֪ιٹ»Ұѳɷ˵ֻһͨˣ޵СʿҲɷĶ֡
ãҲƣһµϡϹӿһ䣬⣬漴ǻɱһʧ١
СԺ֮ڣž˿ѾŨ֡
΢к˯Ĺڴǰڴ˿̣ͻȻӦһ͸ǽ룬ֱ崲֮ϵ΢Σһצӣץ΢ֱӻᱻ˺
ͼ״æǰ漴Ƕһ
භƣͬǼҷǳŮǹɷһԲУɷһצУһҽУЩɢǹɷû΢
ղŹͼʾ΢ѾӦ˿ۣһںеľ޴ӭһֻƹСģ΢һʶ´ǹĳײ
ʱ΢Ѿ˯ȫޣУϮԼﲻ˻꣬ǾֻƵĹɷΪûΪͨ˱ײһ£̾ͻɥʧٿԼĹͣβȣȻս
΢̺УѸڵԨ͹ǰ־͹ôУ涼Ǻ޶
ʱǹɷһ΢룬ֻǼܣѧϰʹͣûΪʱԵЩ޴롣
һձܿ΢ǹɷֱӽײķѣϰڷŵĶҲ䣬ɢһء
ʱ΢Ѿ޼ƿʩ첻Ӧеز飬ǹɷȻ޷㿪Ҳ׵Σ֮ʡʱ򣬸ղϵһغչպǹɷǰɷһ۵ϵĻ˲׻ϵɷȻ֮ƣ۵Ҳ¶ȿ־ɫ
һ̣һèͻȻͬһشݺɷϣʱʮĹҽһ˲߽⣬纮ɢǰ
΢˿̵һŹɷʧĵطóɷˣô£ԼĿǰΪԸȹ
ȥȥһȻ
һԼ֮ǰƵġèͼ΢ڶīĻī顱ʦһ磬΢ʦʱ䣬Ҳżһ㣬ڳžṳ̂ż
һոġèͼȻһֻʮĹɷɱʵǺţ˼顣
һԭ̺һ˿˿ҲǵȻ޴档΢Ϊˣ츳Ҳۼһԭһ˿ɱɷ֮ʧ٣Ӧĵˡ
һѾĻһͨĻһϳ֮ˣͼһֻèҲû鶯֮
΢ˣèԼҲͬʱһա
ʦ
΢룬˿̷ǵǲ£ʮ˷ܣ뵽Ԩһ̿չͼҲǻһչȻԨһ̿չͼߣҲû΢ͼϵԣ
룬ȻǺͻߵľйأԼʦž֮ȻͨԼպδػ硰̿չͼ黭
ʱܴĹҲٶȾΣ΢£ӣūвգ빫𷣡
΢˿Ůҡͷ¶㣬ɷȶҪǿ㲻Ƕ֣ܷҳʾѾʮ˲ˣһлл㣬Ҫ㣬˯оͱɷȡˡ
΢˵ʱӱϣĸȴǲҽһеƤһѣʳգ֮䣬Ǳð׷Բԣͬš
һԵĳϹӼæԾץһöڲʩչɸĹɷ֮ߣǾ˸һһϹ֮ǰµҲ̳©СԺдŭ𣬳Ϲӱֻ֪ܵΪֹ
УȻʧЩƢʶϹҵθڣұһߣϹץѾʹȥĸ䣬֮زز
Ϣ֮󣬹ĳֽӱߣһҡҡͷ֪ʩ֮ѾˣֻǷСԺ
СԺУԨѾ΢СݣҲһŵվһԣһСɵĶ̽䣬ȻǷƷ
΢Ϯ֮£ԨѾ֪ʵǹɷԺʱѾֻ֪ȴָ޷뿪ӣŴһɺȻһΪ󷨡
ֻΪˣʩȣ˶Ļüëʱ󷨾ȻƳȥʩչ󷨵ˣԨȥ΢
΢޴󰭣Ԩ˿
ղžô£ŮӼкʹ򶷵ΪʲôҴ򲻿ţʱʵ
ȻԨҲ֪ܸовһ˿ɷ΢Ĺͣûм
ֹ֮΢ûи߹ûж˵ȵڶգԨԨȶ˽ҹ֮½һ顣


ʮ Ԩ
ԭˣҹרҪԸ㣬ҺǱס޷ʩԮֵ֣Ϊģֻʦɷ֮ǼΪѲҶұ֤Ӧȹƫƫһˣ档棬һš
Ԩʦʱѳûī顯ʦĵһϵľ㵸ǲضزס
ֵ֡ܣɷΪֿһԨ˵΢һͼЯ˿ȡչ˹ȥ
Ԩȡһ˻泬ҲֹһֵҲʶѾãȻ֪Ļ˵á
˵ԽԽǳԣһһϲȻǳһ԰ΣһԹҲǺȥ˿һҡͷҾͿʲô˲ĵط޷èһЩҪ˵һһɷҲš
΢ЦЦҲûзŲⶼԼô˵ҲΪգ֪ʦԵʡ
Ԩ̧ͷһδ΢ֵܣĻԵҵʦˣĳΪʦΣ
ʹãǻоѧϰû⣬ʦʲôǧᣬⲻɷСˡʦҵأϲȥ΢æ˵
ԨһЦ˵ͷֿ˿һ֣Ҳ۾һֲ᲻ݶ΢Ծ֣ĳϲϡ
Ȼ⻰Ԩǲ˵ģֻСãһҾˡ
һҲô˰ɣǰôöķ׭㶼ûôˡһ˵һ䣬ܾЩʧԣֵǰֵ֮ˣҿǸɣֻȻһֻɷǾ֮ɷɲܰõġ
˵ԨɫͷˣǸķҽģǰֹ󻼣һֻɾһλʿһ󾫣ºʬ岻ɣȻǸ͵͵ʬ壬ط֮꣬»Ұɷ벻һΪֻΪŻ䣬û뵽һմ֮ˣҴ
Ԩһ𣬲»治ܹ
ڸûʲôΪֻǽһЩаʹɷɱˣɷ𣬶ȻᱻɷɣǲҲǻᶪҹǿ˵󷨾ԲǸʩչģ϶˰϶Ҳ˾ߵģò˵һ
£΢Ԩǹģ޿κΡ
ڴСס֮ȥɽʱ䣬΢͹Ҳദ죬ӶԷ˽⵽Ȥ£統ţһЩ׿Խʿ֮Ȥĺܡ
Դ΢ҹϮҲ˵ʲôҪס΢ӣ˯ڵ̣΢ֲֻȴǺ˻ܲһŮ˯ϡ
⼸һЩŵǰ̽ԨʣΪ˹֮£Ԩö΢ɴǱлͣ˭ÿֻ΢̽ʦֱ˵ʳݡ˾ٵһ죬ԨһԻȴǽ΢
УһµԨƣ˵ΩΩФ΢óһԻѾ־ԨеѪۻѾԳƵϼֻϧûбī顣ȻˣԨҲʾ޺ˡ
һΪʱ۷ֻ֮ϧûбī飬ֵܣ׿Խʦǿ˺ֹٱϣڷɾͣҲԶҡԨ˷ɫ֮ǰֲ԰ףһ˿֮ɫ΢֪ǻعⷵա
ҹһԨٺľ˳֮Ϊ
΢Ȼ֪ԨְҲЩ˸У¶۾ӰԨ״ǹЦ⡣
ֵܣ֪ܲ޵ľ·˷Ҳһţ˵Ϊ٣ҵԸҲҵ;Ȼȴϲ¡м¶㣬֮󣬲ãҲɹҰײֻ轫СԺбɡԨ΢һ΢Ҳһһ¡
֮ٹҸΣһգգٲᳬ죬ҾͻϱΪӾƷСԺӴ˱УĶҲ㡣
Ԩ߶֮ˣΣȴǽ˺ܶ飬ȴҲȻ΢ôףϾ΢ǹҲǻˣ֮أгɵҲȥΪ˵δһЩ
ȵһнϣɫѰ΢˯⣬ȡõľƣԨóģٱ¡
ҹԨЦź΢ʱˣֵܣΪˣ
˵꣬Цš
΢֪Ԩȥ٣˿Ǳǿᣬ˿лδľƣֿ˿ѾûϢԨոճ̸֮ĿѾ
Ƿˣ֮գҲΪʲôܶҪɵԵʡ
ڴ˿̣һϮ΢۾һУٿԺѾվһƬˣͷһźɫٷͷмģЩ٣վһ綦׵ĹҲйһǣһͷͷ棬һȺСĴţò֡
Ҳֻ΢ۣܿһĻǻ֮ٿһߣԨվ
ͷĺһگ飬ױдķٹ˿չԨ£񹦵ԲطƷУͷʣΡ
˵ٻһЦԨҾ¹ٰƷѲ򵹧ˣ¹Ρ
Ԩǽӹ״ࡣʱŤͷһ΢ȴǷ΢Լ¶ɫֻԨûж˵ǼΪ޵ĳ΢һɫ
һȺСֿʼģϲһһԺһȺգ֮ʧ١
΢ʼﶼûжղһĻǿУС
˳֣˵ǰضӦŶԣƫƫû΢֪Լ֮ĿͨղǾͨ˶ȻǺ޲ҲȻԨһˡ
ǾԼҪ¶
ԨûжԼ˵Ӧ±ΧٹȻ֪Ϊˣ΢֪ԨȻΪԼá
֪ȥǷ˳΢һΪ˹٣֪ٳն񣬶ɳӦöһԨΪ٣Ȼ⣬˭֪ΣգԨΪ˸ܾ˲ŵ˵壬ЩŵвĸˣΪ±°ӣԨҲδغù
΢ԨȻ֪ЩԷѡԼݶ飬΢ġ
ԺУ΢Ŀ˼ֱĺɫ֣һԵľƱһ¶飬΢˿еȴȡīֽдһʫ
ٳϼϴ᳾ưĺˣҹ¶֪ꡣ


ڶʮ 
ͬԨԸĺ΢ļΪ͵˵ǼªֻԨޣҲûѰ˼ҹҰײãֻԨһڹľԺһᡣ
ԨĹǰ΢ɫƽ޵ϡﻩȻ΢ѾԨΪٵСѾͷǳǿ޸ֱͣ˵֪ˣӦöһЩòˣ˵ϲյĺ㣬ϧԺҲûˡ
˵΢Ѿ£ǱŪЩ˸С
ˣ˵ϲ£ȥ٣Ʒ٣ͬƷԱӦףϲ޳Ŷԡ΢޸ûֻ꣬ð˵
ͣµģԺ᲻ΣҸղˣ
΢ҡͷʳȻҪ
ʱ洫ߵ΢æпãȥ˭
ĨĨᣬԨĹһܵ
Ժţ΢վһ˴ˣһϣ汦һͲǵ֮ˣ΢ɨһ˵ͷǾޱȣͷ֮ϣߵƣǰõɽ˶Ҫࡣ
ߵƣӦСˡ
΢о˿¶󣬻վһ꣬ӵ״ʮֿΣһñӣ΢ɲͷСӣһ۾ͿŮװ
˼Ůװǲ뱻˿ŮģԼҲֻû˿΢һ񣬵˭
ǸŮװվں治Բֻһ˫΢ǿ΢΢ͷ΢
ңǡ΢棬ԼûмˣǺרԼģңˣƺһ졣
˺ǺһЦɣ
赹ˮĴڶˣ֪ԼүĿ϶лҪ˵Թɵ߳⡣
΢Ȼ֪˭ɣһɴԼٰݶƷΪ̲ʱɲŲƷɾǵһƷԱҲǴ´࣬ԸӲηǿȨһֱûȥ
Ҫ˵˺ͳңɱһ΢Ҫö࣬΢λߣǱסͷɹλһ΢ȴ˸ǡ
ԭΪһǿĿɽ
ʥ֮һʥ˭ɳƷɹ٣ʥ֮һôһɽڣ˺޲ýɴңҲԲĶԸ
΢һеûǿɽ˺ĵԴһҪ̤ɹ֮·ҪԼˡ
ڣԼֻһʮ꣬ȴǹأƷ˹٣СʿԼǾǸ߸ϵĴ
ôһΪλԼʵ׽͸
ɽ֮û˵ֻרƷ裬ŮװȴǴ¹۲죬Ҳ˵΢תһ㷴Ӧ˹ȴɹһ
ӿɽ̣ɾȻһĵ΢Ȼ֪
΢˺İɳƽ£ô˵΢Ӧллλشˣ΢һôһ˼
ʱֵ΢֪ÿأΪλ㣿
΢֪ش˸֮΢ҡͷȷǲ֪
ҿдĺܺãһĵһͼ⣬Ҿ裬ȱˣѾţйҿҲһ֮ģһİȻټһٺ»ҲһԸ⣿ԸֱˬҲûйĨǣֱ⽫
΢һ㶣ȻԼλĴ˿أԷҪԼԼ
ǻһ΢¼ֱ֮ã˵Ϊɵ˵һݿظİְλǶǿģһٺȻ࣬ҲԲˣ£һܻ߰ӡ
΢Ѿǽȣ־ɳΪɹ٣ǴӦɣ֮ǻбʣȴΪ΢˵ʥϣһ΢֪ãٲ飬ظţһԿͳԿ֮⣬΢һɵϹ٣ҲǺѣȻΪˣҲԸ˺΢ʹȻ΢ԲӦ
΢ܵлشֻ̧ɹˣԸһЩԼһһ־ֻԸΪ˶ܶش˵ĺ⣬΢ֻˡ
һ䣬ɫһ䡣
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۾һɣֵνƷΨжߣʥԣ֮⣬Сҳݡ
һ⻰΢ˣһԼһ˼ѧҲȷƷԱλá
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΢ѾظӣɾȻ˵ʣʲôظǡ
֪ε֪Ԩ飬Ԩ΢Խˣ΢ҲŭԼһЦһɷ˹һش˵ĺ΢죬ʵѴ
һʱǲȻŭǸŮװһҪ£ۼֿ죬ǰɡ
Ĳˣʱүү˵Ҫ̣һ̶ȲˣˣǸϽȥȴҪ˵꣬Ӳȥ


ڶʮһ С
ʱҲǷӦʧ̬ԼÿشˣؾʿȻһ˳¿һ䡰Ϊ֮ȥ
ŮװʱǶ΢ЦЦȻװȻǻһЦЦдǸ⣬ִһ˿ƤֱɳŶȥ΢Żع
ȻŮԼΧٺȥԿĿ϶Լ΢ʱŭһҲһ亹ȻظƷֱӦòỳģˣԼһײƷأǸѰ·
ôŮΧԼԿǿ϶ģвɵöŮҲм
˵ŭ뿪СԺŭδһڲȻ˵һֱд
һ˫ѾŮװǬղŵľǬһ棬ЦСԸɷ˹һҲһˣ벻СӾȻв仰һڣƿ˰ɡ
ֻɣǿʶˡȻϾȷǷ˿ŭϸһ룬ȻҲǺЦջϲ
΢СȻ˵˵ȷмĲɣѵõǸ˰ǣΪǿÿأؾʿȻҺҾˣȻˣ˰ǵıʣֻȴԨƫˣߣʱһ䲻ģ
Ԩ飬˻֪ȴ֪Ͼؾʿѹ㷺֮ǰԾ֮£͵͵֪ԨϡԨΪ٣ɶԴҲΪҪ֪Ԩ֮ǰţ޹Ʒգ֮䣬ͳƷУ൱Ʒ˹٣ԼˣҪڳ¹٣Ȼɲ
£϶˵
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ǬȻǵͷͬ⣬ȴǲΪȻСдʲôʫģ˫д
˫ʣֽдһʫһдһ̣Ǻ
ٳϼϴ᳾ưĺˣҹ¶֪ꡣ
ձʣȴǳ̾һҡͷˣСӺԨأҳԱԨСӲŭŹ֡
ɺεȻһ¾Ʒʫ˼Ǭһԣһ˫͵үү΢ڽʫԨĸм˼壬ֲηǿȨһж
һδŮ˳һˣ˫Ҳκ졣
ˣСӲʶ̧٣Ǿ·ҵҪЩʲôɾ͡Ȼô˵΢ȴǸӿأԷĲɳڣ黭һ̺֮ĥŵȶԷ֮ȥ
΢Ȼ֪ԼԣûöԷģöԷӿԼ
ø΢жЩֱڣҲûʲô״ûйٱ׽Լ΢Ҳ˿
һ죬ƽƽ΢ʱ䣬ԨĶһ顣Ҫ˵Ԩû¶ٶǮûУīֽ⵹һЩһЩĶ֮ģõĶһŻ̿ͼˡ
ⶫǲڻ£ǸԼ鷳һͼڣ΢ҲԱ֮
ο΢͹͡
Ǻöȼɢ꣬ǰ΢ֻ˵δԨµģҲֻ
ΪԼĹΪһͬʱҲΪ޲һκ͹ɷܵˣ΢Ͻ֮󣬵һ
֪ǺöĶ΢һݣƯ㵱Уһһʼ
Ĺ֮ɵ֮ƣֻ߸磬ǡ鶯顯ȪƵ굤ϣǹ֮
΢Ĺͣṳ̂鶯ֻһСպгɣҲ΢һ֮
һԺĿȽȽ㣬ڿȴʧ٣ƺһĶʳһգȻǺ治ѣû΢ۣȻͣǹ鶯Сֶ֮ͬǰϮ΢Ĺɷٶ޵鶯С꣬ȻԶ΢Ĺöࡣ
ģſڴϴ˯һ˯ˣ΢˯ţȥߣڴ˿̣⾹Ȼһ
˿Ѿҹ˭ã
΢Ťͷ˿˯ҲǺʾǷš
ſվһƤС
ƤС꺢ͯСģªԴȴǺܴ󣬶ͷнǣһƽһ׶񣬲ƤСȻҰ꣬רΪµСηֱ棬ֻԷϴһԺ˿ѥܿ
Ԩ̹΢Щ֪ʶ΢Сݺ󲢲ţֲùûʾΪµСϴй磬ϢѲ
΢ƤСһЦҾ΢ֹӣ
΢ͷ΢
˶Сֹ֮ӵΡС˵Сֻǹһ࣬λ£֪΢ҪΪԺǿ
΢ȻͲµСɣ˿̲סЩ
ڵȵһ졣
飬΢ҲûаڼӣǺͺǾͷ·
ƤС˵ʱƺŵʲô۾ʱһ̽ͷһһ㣬¶֮ɫֶǶֵСҲǼΪãǳ˵ҲǾܵӳǵ٣ٶȡ
ƤСģ΢һЦֱӿŵ֪࣬λүȥҹһ㣬߲١
棿ƤСϲ۾ʵ΢м١
ƤСǼĳ΢Ҿһӹȥ͹һʳ㣬ƤСΪȹ͸߶ˣһȥ͵ȥأֻǼ£ͽһʳһա
ٶȣȹͲ֪˶٣΢֪ƤСòǹΪٶ鶯СΪСͷһ
˿ƤСüЦ߹ֳ΢ҾҵȹѲҩлֹӿҲƽ׵ùӵĺôΪǳǲΪͣʱұ̵Ǵлֹӡ
΢ҲһϲȻǵͷӦԼͲȻ֪ھֻɹƤСôһʦ̵͵졣


ڶʮ 

ȻƬ̣΢ջķᣬҪƤСˡ΢ڵĻˣ΢鷳һЩСʿϣķ΢ûⱾ£ԻƤС
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Ťͷһ΢ԼȻö˶˵ϣͬ˯һ㡣
΢֪ԼѾϣ벻ƤСͣжСǸ߿һ֡
ֹƤС˵˵߳ӣ΢ĹƮ΢ū湫һǰ
΢ͷһԺֱӶȥ˿ɣƤСߵӱߣȻһСζһ¡
һ֮𣬲һһҶ۴лͣڰߡ
ֹӣϴƤСЦ˵΢˴ƤС͹ҲƮϴͷʱ΢ȴ⴬гһŴĴ֮⣬ˡǴ²ñһԿʼ
΢ûע⣬ܿͷ֣߾ɫ֪ʲôʱѾأһδĵط
ǰȱ޹֮ԼţԭŨŨԽŨ񣬵˵Ҳ֣Ũ΢ҲԿ֮ԿߵֲѾִûмƷ֣ԶһЩεҰλꡣ
΢帯õʬεڰ֮⣬ʣѾ䡣
ʱˮͻȻ춯һ̣һĥ̴СĹӺðС
ǹΪˣֱͨ˿ԻʱƤСһһĶӵĲҲҵңϹˡ
꣬ȡǸСһΣͼСϺâһǹǲҽһ屻һ飬һźС쵱С
ԿСϺӿԲǷƷһƷҪȻôһ¾ͽǹɱ
ߣүĲҲҸңñʳᦳԵƤСһ䣬Գү˿ҡͷԺǵ⡣
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΢һղſУ˷ǽⷢӣ֮ǰ΢ô£ֱԷͻȻǹײԼʱ΢Ūס
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΢ųûʽְְԸõ͵Ҫ͵ȴû뵽ԷȻֱӶ֣ղһСԼһ£Լǲײ飬ҲԪԲ£һغ
˵޹СԼôһ£΢ӿһŭūͻ΢ǰղŶԷ̫죬ҲǷӦһİûڡ
Сߴ˿Ʈܴ󣬲Ǽæ׷ĹֲүСķֲүΡ
֮ɫԻЦһŶԭǹ»ҰǸղžˡȻ׷ĹǾȥɣߣײңһٱӣӲġ
СɫǲҰף֮ǰһٹޣͦסڣһӾܽĻɢȻвʣ֪ܵĹΪ˸΢ѿԼܵĹʽٹλһٴһѹҷʱϹٳԲһȡʱСֻϣ΢ܳԼ򣬽Լһ


ڶʮ ״
˵䣬м۷εСӸ׼ȥץסСߣ΢СһĿԼǰһţ
΢ѾλүĴ㣬˵С߳ײʵϾǳԼġĵһ㶼ӣҪ֪СǽԼεĽСʱ𷣣ϹӶܿǳԼģ֮֮С߰˱ӣԺԼһλûˣϹٻ㻤סˣ²Σ˸ǻСԼĹεСס˭Ͷ
¼㣬Ժ㡣
ò˵үĳйԼʱ򲻱СߣͶˡ
Ȼ֪Լʲôطλү΢ʱȻܿС߱˵СûгײԷײˣҲҪչٻ𡯣¹εĹٻղ£ûٽ㵱ˡ
һˣʱǻ޴룬֪δ΢ʮ˹پ飬˿һǼ׼ץСߵС۵ôĵӣ˭ץ˵ģ
һȳ⣬ʮ㣬ǼСͣǸղѾǰλĹԺǵĶͷ˾ܵүҲǹһƹһʱЩԥ׷׿Ǳߵү
һ΢ûξôץߵģΣ
΢ҡͷΣǺˣ
Ʒ񣡡һ⣬ֶ΢˵޹أ߳ײүĹأҪ̣ĹأҪ£Ū״˵ɡ
˵ţڰ־Ҫ΢뿪ﵱУб΢˼
΢۾һУ֪ԷԼùѹˣⲻ֪΢һ̲飬ɷ˼ɷͬҲҪһƾʵݣΪթԼһ£ԼܱŪߣֱ
뵽΢΢΢һЦȻأǵȻǲΥ
һһм֪ͺã
϶΢ҺԼŸɣԺ޹˼ɣ֪Լ۸Ҳûޣȴû룬΢
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Ҳã൱Ļ飬翴΢ҪͷҲҪԼϣһ˼Աﲻ޹ؽҪֻгͶ΢ܻµΣ
һᣬҲûײүӲ˵ײҪңүС
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ңСһɣ֪û·ֻӲͷƤ΢ĽŲˡ
һ·ˣָۣ΢͹ߺ˵˵ʲôʱϮˣ
ôûУ΢ʾոչ׷ĹǰΣȴǳֶԸĳȻĳδΣҲ裬ߣҽȥ״
˵꣬ҲĿɿڴ񣬴Źŭ߽á
ʱϰ£Ǽûм飬λֹӵ˲֮¾ȻǽƷתǴԼȥ״£ǰ˵붼롣
֮һģ΢˵鳾
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һ̣һϯ֮ϣʱðһɹɹ𣬽յãХʮ۳࣬ɭɭ̬ϣʮۿǷͬ죬Ϊܳɴ⼸ٶ鶯󾳵Ĵڡ
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ͼϯ֮ϣٷ٣ȫƷٽףһԨ
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΢ƣ˵ǿ۽磬ñ˼ĹٸҪĶ࣬˿й˵̧ͷͦأãū󣬹ȴСĸ
΢΢Աţйٿһۣ̾͵ˣҿ̺һ˿㻹ûܵʲô
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ʱԨˣҷĹ΢
йһ㶣һŵԣԨϵȷ˵ȴǸˡ
˵꣬ٿ΢ɫҪ˺ࣺܶԭĹԵ޹ʻҲǴ˵ô£
ʱɫֹ࣬΢ɨ˶ԷһۣȻŹߵСߣ˵
֪Ǽϲò״ɻὫ˵㲻ղҲûŹԵõ΢λιΣǰڵϣ΢ΣȻ޹ʵѵһԶ˵˳ĩ˻ͼӴףʩչײ΢΢µ齲˳
ʱɷһйĿɨһ۹ߣϵȷйײĺۼҲСΪ鶯СȻһ¾͵ñĻɢ
֪ⷬٲ˵ҲˣǺһԩ߼λйٹһ
λˣݺңλ
Ԩʱû˵Ǳйٵνͣ
ǡǵȷҷųǵʱҲ֪ĹֻǵͨĹ»ҰԲҪֽѵ룬ҲȷЩϳ嶯ԲǹΪ֮ڹ߳ײңȴǧȷλΪȻ֪μԼΣʱԽƱ硣
Цʱ΢˵߳ײ㣬ǧȷҪҺ͹˵ϮݺĪܼҿġ
ݺݵ΢һۣҪ˵΢Ʊ磬ʱ˵ĻᣬҪһƾʵݣݹ߳ײ㣬֤֤˵УĹ֣й㣬֤
Ŵͣһ˵ʱֻڳ֤ÿ˿̶Ȼ̡


ڶʮ ؾ
žһйһǰľľˣ¾͵Ϊֹɣ
ſڽ࣬˵ƿԣǱйҡͷ̾ϢûõĶȴǳ˵߳ײƾ޾ݣ΢͹״ͬò֤ݣϾ˵ƾϵҲ˵ʲô⡣ңǶΪõģƷٹʲô˵飬Ȼֵģɺͳұ㷣Ƕһٺ»ٷضطȥɡ
˵һ䣬һʧ٣йʮͬʧ٣ֻԨһˡ
֪йµе⣬ڸղžѾ뿪뿪ʱ򣬺ݺݵĵ΢͹һۡ
΢û񣬴˿ǰԨһɫЩ硣
˵ˣҶ֪ߣȥɣаūҲҪҪ΢˵Ԩ֮ǰҲֻͨһǴ˿̣ѾƷ٣ƺ㣬һ˵Ѿ˲ŭļơ
˵꣬Ԩһ֣΢ֻоԼǰӰ任ֻǼϢ֮䣬͵һΪŵСԺС
ԨסҲֻƷٲӵС˿ѾûеˣԨź΢ֵܣһЩçײˣ֪˭ˣ
Ԩʣ΢΢һ룬ӦǸйٵˡ
ûйٽӺΪѾһӣǸٹ̡˵ҲҶ֮󣬲ŴӺ⽫һελãҵĹλǳ׶Ȼн٣ò룬ˣ׷ĹŻ㡣Ԩôһ˵΢ŻȻ򣬰ֲá
һǽǵˣģΪڣ⸮õбܶ㣬ҲðĹذ£Īץסѱ˵⼸죬νǴС³˵꣬ԨҲǳ̾һֵ֮ǰΪҲû뵽˸ӣ֪ǲˣҲ徻١
óԨֹĶǵʮֲӦЩǷϣ΢΢΢ü˵ʵ˹ɷ𣬶ٳˣ΢൱磬ϾһʮĹٳһʱͽ˽ɫ˵òӦǶ־Ȼ
΢ȻǲԨô޶־Ͼֽ׶ΣԨԼĿɽԨƣԼҲˮǴߣƾԼһӾƷĹ˭׵Լ
磬νǸɽ֪֮ҲϪ֪֮Ҳɾ٣Ϊĥ¶ɥοභȤжС΢һϯνĸǷ˻ʿһ˳Ȼˣβ֣Ե֡
ԨԴΪ٣һƴҲޱˣ෴Ԩؽ󱧸˷΢һϯʱඥ˲еĵ
һԾˣԨϸһ룬ͷûǾôǰ;ϣȻӺҪҶĳǡ
˵꣬ԨüΪ͵΢ȻǶ΢ȵ⣬ȷһ£ǽ΢ΪղǷǸǾ˵ġ
ԨǷϾ֮Ҳ̷Ӧ뵽΢֮ǰ֮£ȻçײЧȴ൱ĺãԽĥԽΪ΢ķӦ;İоȣõһʱ֪ĹǿԽϹٶҪ֪ǸõĹʮطĸ࣬ôһǴͷΣ΢Ϊߣϧȥĸ״壬ǱӻĴС΢øУϹҲ΢ɴ·ʽӡеĸϹٻ᲻ϲ
ĥЩԨʱо⾿΢д㣬ǻԵɺϣĵѣȻһʯ΢ƣô˵񣬾ԼҲԶԶ硣
΢Ԩٸнȴοô˵΢ֵܣҪġ
΢֪Ԩô飬һҪѯʣ磬Ӻٺ»ĪǵҲǮã
ԨһһЦȻֻǹǮˣС磬ﲻС󣬲һٺ»ҲûʲôҲòŹǮõţУҪܿھǡ
΢ҲЦŵ˵ͷԺҾͳԴˡ
ˣʹȥǼᣬٷҪдؾʱĹԨ˵꣬΢һ磬ʱ㵽һ֮ǰ
ԨƷУҲС΢֮ǰԨѣ˿ǽߡΧٺڷÿһǻƵ󾳵Ĵڣ˵ǰһУǶǵ޵ڡ
ǵؾԨ΢һ·ؿŽؾ棬ĴŭĿջ˵ԨٸһҲñϹϾ
տλãһ׵ĺڶ֪ͨδںڶУ¶һƽʯĶͬһ޴ޱȵʯ̺ϵơ
ٲ֮⣬Ԩ΢㲻ǰ
΢֪ǸʯؾеĵؾдŵĶٵ֣Ԩ߹Ŀ˭Ҳ澿дʲô
һѪɫԨ΢Ԩǹһ񣬽Ϊ΢׼ǼԼ΢ͰֽǸ٣һ仰û˵תǵؾǰǹһдʣ֮󣬲ȡһԹϹһֻʣҲպīֱд
ʱ΢ĿȥȴǿƷԱԨڵؾдԼͰ֣ں滹дţôӾƷ
д֮΢ͿԼ־ȻؾУһ̣ӵؾӿһɺȻֱ֮΢ͷ롣
һ˲䣬΢оԼľ괺꣬˵泩ּӳֳϢʱ䣬Ȼˣ΢ѾǸоǰһ
ǰ׳ʵ̫࣬һԵϢȻ٣һ˿Ҳʿ޷ġһԨû˵ǳֱʵٰ˰ݣ΢ȥ󻯷صľŵֵܣѾʽĹؾӳ֣ѰĶ㣬ΣһЩڹΪĹޣҲԲҶΣһȥȡĹٷ⣬ҲʽʽҿԴһֹĹֹʵϡƽΪֽȥ
΢ԣһҲû˵


ڶʮ Ѱ
ǶĲ¥ҲһЩǷȥ֮ܵõʲôԵֺΣԨ͵΢һ֪ȡֵͼҪõĶ࣬ԨȻẦԼȻǵͷӦ
ȸԨȥһ׹ٷһ֮Ϊڻٷһ£ƹѥһѪƳɵĹơ
¹ٷͺƹѥƣУֻؾĹܴػ˹һѪƳɵĹƣһ
ԸһЩ»Ұ΢ûзֻҪѪҹȥ鶯֮µĹ»Ұûɢ΢һǹƣʮֻϲ
һ΢Ҳʮ㣬֮ǰͨȻͬͰūˣҲޡٷֲֻܿõ
΢뵢ʱ䣬Ȼ˹٣ȣΪʮҪ֮ʦûκΪ̾͸Ԩǰ
ⶫѾãڶԼ٣׼һΣ֮⣬ְÿʮ꣬
·ϣԨĹؽ΢
ѵãҪܵĻȡõĹҪ˵̣κţвɳǲţⶫĹУ޺ɵ޵ĹмץסһλᣬֻΪȥλȡԨ˵꣬΢ѾǰһǸֱ֮šʱ΢һȻǿһò֮ƣԽϣԽŨ΢һֱǹ·þһ㡣
΢֪ȻԼġۡʱһ΢ҲʼŪԼһܣ˫ۣ׵ĿԷ۷Ҳûã⣬κ΢ҲԾ۵ףԿŨ̶ȣʿΪȼЩʱʱһЩþ
֮ͬǰŴϵĺӰͬɲ
Щþζʲô΢̫ȷǣȻʲôĺ塣ȤǣЩֻ΢ԿŤͷһԨȻûκ״Ҳ˵ղǲֻԼõ
΢û˵ʵԼҲ֪ô¡
΢ѾվŲ꣬һǹʮ㣬ϸһȻڻ£Ĺ
Ԩ֮Щһ
У񡣺߲̫ԸĺԨ΢һۣվһԣһ
ˣȻǲ֪˵ʲôԨҲ΢һȻǽ˵Ļһֲڶ
΢ɫ䣬ĻѾǽԷ飬Ȼ˵ԸԼ֮⣬ᵽһ¡
˵ǹеһλɣΪˣضԵͼ͹ţڹһһʱǶ䣬ĹΪ˶
Ԩû΢Ȼ֪ѯһ²֪΢΢üһ΢СֵܣҿҪɣһλڹ֤ɣش˿ŵһ㣬½һʱʱӣǸոճΪ˵Կ˵ǻԸ㣬ֻҪ㣬һ޹
΢ͷȻ֪Ԩ˼ƹΪٱȹҪٴﵽ鶯ˣʱ϶ҲˣһЩıԼȡԼһ˿϶Ӧ
ұ΢ɵºһǣԨ·Ѿ˵룬ΪƷҲһڹУΪ֮Ҳйڵлɢ
˵лΣյĹҲƽһա
ʱ΢ĹͻȻһߣ΢ԨǴʧɫ̧ͷһȴǿһʩչֶΣΧһһߡ
ˣ٣ΪҲģһߣֻܽԶһĻᡣԨʱ˵룬ȥλһ񣬶ԷƷƷԨҪһףȻҪ¹ڡ
Ԩ˵˼仰ȴɫ䣬ЦһʲôҲܣ֮Ѿƣ벻ǵ£סȥԶҪж䣬Ҫʮꡣ
ԷβԨҲ޿κΣ΢״ǰ磬ȻˣҽȥˣҲǹҪԸңҲҪ
Ԩ̾˿֪Ļѵã΢ѾǹٸлЧҹˣǬʮ־޴ֻҪһЩδػΣգȡõҲǵͷͬ⡣
ǵãҪйĽӴܱܿͱܿĹҲֻȡһһȡ̳ҪͣΣҲһ޹ҲûϵԨ˼䣬΢ǵͷ¡ʱٿڵʱסֻһʱ䣬ҪֻҪһԼ֣˵һɡ
˵һ֣һǿҵ˲佫ڳĹȫС
΢оԼǱ뵽һƬµٲУΧͬˮһײǰ΢Ȼᱻһײķѣؾ֮͹ٷ꣬Ȼ־κȻذ޴󰭡
Ƭ֮ѹ΢֣ԼѾһƬ¥Уǳľ޴ܣΧưܲľ䣬һʧ޵һ
̧ͷһɸߣֱݶǰ֪ж٣˷Уֻ֮Ͼ󲿷ֶǿտյҳ΢Ŀһ֮ϼ鼮УҲѾǻһһ飬ˡ
΢ȻûˣȻͬԨ˵֮󣬱Ҳһ΢ԸпοֻҪѰҵһŹһͿԳȥ
΢ʼĴѰң󣬵мֵĶȴ֮٣΢ϸһĥ֪֮ã֪ٹٽѰҹԵкöҲͱȡߡ
ѰƬ̣΢ǿһĨǼӿ첽˹ȥ
һ֮ϣм鼮еѾ飬ɢЩֽмУһ΢ȥȡ¡һ鼮̺һҲֻ΢һۿ˾·Ҳδҵ
ͼһд֡
鹦΢֪⹦Ȼȸ÷ŵĹҪǿԼûۣҪҵһԲôס
΢׼뿪ʱϮµĹ΢£΢һ⣬ԩҲͷȻô


ڶʮ ʧ֮֮ɣ
֮⣬һ൱һԱǿһء
һҰףͬһ㣬ñ۾Ѫ죬ͷ𣬿˿΢Ĺ£㰲Ȼ뿪ǸҴŶպҽڶ޷㡣
Աһֻʱ˵֣Сӳէ㲻عأô׷Ź
һҰ׵Ĺȴһ߰Ͳмõɨһ£õ𣿡
ǲȻֵĹλܸߡ
΢ư̾һ֪һ鹦ԼˣǿպҲȻ鷳ǸͷĹ񶼾֣϶еλΪôһУδػ㡣
֪ʧ֮ľ裬̰ͼȻòʧ뵽΢ûԥһȻǳֹһ鹦ҿԸ㣬һҪ󡣡
鹦Ȼ鹦һ֣ɫӿ̰
һ̣ȻǵһʱȥҪȡ΢Ĺ
΢״ǽ㵽ƣһ˻ȥһ⹦
һȳ⣬Ȼͣ£ɫԥʱǳֹһץһ޴Ĺצ񳶻ȥˤһԡ
ôĵӣȻҺֹ˿̷ŭˣŭϳ˹ȻǲԼʾԶȡ˿ҲǴһ˿ɱ
һȻͬǹⳤֹⶫĹУǿŵǰĴڣԷĿɽҲԼܱģǺڲӦ죬̱֣ˣС˽̹Դ׸㡣
ֹһû˵Ȼǲϼһ΢۾ֱ΢Ĺ˵ʲôҪ󣿡
΢һĻд󶨣ղͿԼеõ򵥣û뵽ԷӣãԼּۻ۵ıǮ
СܳҲǸյϹ鲻ף鹦Īʲô˲õĹȻ⣬ɷ֪Сܡ΢Цʵֻɽץһвԣͻ˹Ȼ
ֹЦһҲûʲô鹦Ǿ鹦ϳ֮ڣֻС鹦ɹǹһ˫飬ıֹڶʮǰйӹΪʱõ鷨Ӵ˹ΪͻͽŽƷС鷨ҪΣ鹦ɾͱȻߣ£˰ɣʵ㣬㽫ⱾȥҲǻǱסģȡᣬԼʵʵ׸ңڶ˾鷳֮ǽ⹦ȡߣҲûлӴ˸ڶ㣬ţԡ
ֹ޹˼ɣֱգ΢һǷˣⳤֹȻԵ˸ֱʣ˵㻰Ҫǿ˺ܶࡣ
ճֹ˵Լҵһȷ൱ϡУȻҲǼᣬҪռΪУ侲һ룬֪ԼĿǰûסⱾ
ԨҲƷУⳤֹȻ˵ԨҲסԼǶиǿĿɽ
˿΢Ѿ˾ϣ̵֪λүγƺ
֡ǹ˵һİɫ
СҲʸϵƺһ֣鷨СԸϣ˵ȹҲֻгֲʸֻ΢ֹһʵֻʲô
΢æ˻᲻ֵĻ˵ϹɱƽҺһЩԹղųᣬǳֹѾˣպΪ»ԸңСܵӿɾͲˣ˵޷ڶ㡣
һЦһŤͷһ񣬵˵ȥĻóȥˮ˭Ҳ
æЦַģ΢ҲֻһЩᣬؾĹұҪԸҲù˼ɷ
ֵ˵ͷֳ΢ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˣξԼɡ
΢ٲԥ鹦׸֣̾ߣˮ˵ʵ΢֣ԷǺˣ㲻Ṧˣֻ΢ް취ֱ΢ͷǵˣȻǵòʧ
ֻʧһϳ˹΢˵ʹǼٵģҲֻܰһ¼£պлᣬȻһѩ֮ܡ
˵֣˿̵˹дϲҲٹע΢У΢ȻҲǹ벻ۡ
һֵ֪õ鷨ԼлõҼǺ֣ʵͷ̫󣬱˵ĿɽӺҲֵĿɽֻܽһ㵽΢ͷϡ
ϸһ룬¶һЦݣصϲֵóԸ鷨ϳ˹Ҫ˶ãֱͻ飬Ȫ硣
ֵޱȣ˵Ĳô˹ұҪڼˡ֣
˵꣬һϮȥʧ٣Ȼǳȥˡ
˿ЦŤͷһһ֣Сӣ鷨ǻҲзݣԸȥСӸϳ
֮ãһҲŭգǼ֣ȴҶֻǽһаڱϡ
̳΢뿪ķ׷ȥ
ֻ뿪ûã΢ӲԶһƬõľͷԭոոûԶ֪˶ȻŹԼֻǹ֮нֹɱԶԷҪԼ
Լ˷һᣬһá
΢Ƶһ㣬žͽأȻ෴ķ񱼶ȥһֱܳصľ룬΢ͣ¡ڶ࣬ͬԹԷҪҵԼ졣
һ΢ǰ΢ӿҪǰȴһһһȡһ
΢΢΢ͷʾ⣬Ȼ첽ȥ
Σ΢ֻüѰң󣬵Ĺȴ֮٣ֲԨ˵ǾƴͻԵΪпһʱʱ䣬һ
ʱȥ΢ҲЩżۣûжҲǰ״뵽Լһϳ˹ʧۣ֮΢ĳһܴһȭ
΢ѾϢһȭȥľ羹ȻǽһܴѣܱѾ࣬֨֨죬ȻǺȻ΢Ŀɿڴֳڴ˿̣΢۽һĨ⡣


ڶʮ һľ
һĨ⼫Ϊԣ΢ͣ½Ų֪ԼܣԿ˿˿Ȼֻǿһ˿⣬Ѿȸղ鷨ϵ⻹Ҫǿ
΢ʱǼѣæǼȥƿҵľԼͬ۳һм΢һľ֮۾ȻǱðһ۾
΢ϲδҫ۵⣬ֱ鷨ϵǿ˰ٱֹ
ϸһɢâĲһȻֻһľ
ľƺǲܵĸ嵱У߶೤ͨɫȻ·͹ⷢǱ˰ãһ㶼Ѿ˽ôҲһľɢ⣬ôһͨͨľ
ô˵Ǿò
Բ٣΢֪ľȻǱ鷨ҪõĶǽ
˵Ҳ֣ľ֣΢⾹Ȼɢ٣ڿȥȻһͨľֻľϾɣҲʮֳأͬһ㡣
΢ȥȻֻҵôһľʵЩЦãҪ˵⣬ӳ֮ǰ֮⣬κβ֮
˷ʱ䣬΢ӱںȻѰңֻȴ
ʱ
ͻȻһƽ磬΢𷭹ȵأѾǵ˹֮⡣
ĹҲһͳǵӣһԨһֱ棬΢æӭȥ
ôԨǰѯʣ΢ҡͷԨΪ΢Ҳһ̾˿ײԵǴϴȥҲûκջ޷һҴС鹦ŹȻʣڼҲ֤ܵ
˵꣬Ԩ㿴΢һڲľͷûӣľͷ̫Ҳûطɲء
ʲôԨʵ
΢ѯʣǱ磬Һòҵӣҿ
˵꣬ӳݸԨԨоãҡҡͷ⣬ȥֻһӶѡ
΢ôΪܿһ⣬һ⣬;ԲͨĹӡ֮⣬⻹ȷԨ˵һֻһӶѡ
΢ԨΪԼĻ˶Էֵʶ£Ǽͷĸˣһ£˵һء
΢ͷһԶͶһ׺񣬺Ⱥ⣬Ԩ뿪ڼ䣬΢ֹһεĻͷȥҪٿһʱһþǴʼգǻþûٳ֡
ñڡУ£ҲǰƷ١
΢ǰ£ȥһͨͨͷһ£ȻԵõ塣
ֻֻһˣԼԼ£ȻһרעС
Ԩ΢ȥݼͷ̧̧Ƥ¹ټС
ϲضһ£Ĺ΢ӹȡһ֪Ҫ븣ۡԨ⸣Ϊ˵꣬΢λܹܣǰҲһƺϾͺá
ϣ΢ò֪һûлӦþĽύ٣չԼĹϵ
Ǹϵ˵ͷҲû˵΢֡
΢̽һӵݹȥϽӹ˿˼£Žӻ΢С
ǹֻһӶ𡣡˵̣꣬·΢һ㡣
Ԩ֪⸣ϵƢԣҲգлһ䣬΢뿪
лл΢ɵԨ˵ΪöԷǸӣʵԼһЩ٣ԨȻȥǸϣ˵⸣ϺԨϵ湲ͬ塣
ԨЦЦ֪΢Լ⣬Ҳαװ˵ϺܺãҹУ򣬱ֻһ·Ŷˣ˵ҲӦȥݼһֻ⼸ճ˲ڣ
΢Ȼ֪ǰʩľҲ֪ԨĿɽƷƷѾǵͬڹˡ
ӣûʲôôɣлŪһƷԨοһ䣬΢ҡͷҲʵҾŷɣô˵Ǵӹȡġ
Ԩ΢᲻öҲûж˵˻صԨĸۡڣѾкüʱæĲɿòһЩ΢Ԩ̸ֳһ΢£Ԩȴ˵˵̸
Ѿ飬ԺͲ˵ˣֵܣѾǹаţһᾡ뷨ӽڸãһЩְҲȫһЩȵΪһЩ㡣
΢һ簲š΢ԥ˵
ʱ΢ǸֵĹѯʣԨһɫ΢䣬ϸѯʣ΢ŽԷ鷨齲˳
ԨĬãŵĺܶԣȻֻһƷ̨ǿⶫĹУǰ壬Ҫ㣬Ҳ鷳ҲĹΪֶȻһҪһЩô浱ǿ֮ˡ
΢գҲ΢˿ԨȻô˵Ǿ˵Ԩر¶Է
ʱ΢ͻȻһԨҲһ㶣Ц㼸ղʱˣȻȥɣС鹦ûȥú
˵꣬һ䣬΢̸оһϮײڵϣʱ͵̧ͷԼǻص
ǰѾȼɫѾ΢΢΢ϣֻ
һС鹦һڲľ
ĺ磬һĹģĸ΢Ժ˯ڴϣϣһ˯ã
Լ£΢ûȻǵһΣ΢ûһ㲻ʣȻΪؾԵʡС鹦΢ζĿ£΢Ȼ൱ӣϵǨĿǰΪ˵񣬹޵ǹٵ鶯СĹ޲УһԨ΢٣΢λá
һ΢˭Ҫڼ
С鹦ǹͳɵͬ޵һֻǹҲ⣬ǻˣֻҪдؾҲɾ͹ɡνС鹦׳ܴ߶շ磬ǲ롮鶯С
΢ԣץǸڲľ棬ʱ΢ͻȻ˵Ϊģϸһ־òǣһһ֡


ڶʮ ľ
Զͳ羲ֲ磬΢ϸһΣɫһ䣬ȡֽʣմīֽϼ¼
֮裬֮䣬Ȫ֮£Ϊɵϣ֮еȡ֮ȡ֮зȡ֮ΪУԱУͨΪܣͨͨءľ֮飬ΪľΪͥ
΢±٣ټȻǽһֲдֽϣ֮ܿǽԶȥˡ
ȹ΢Ҳͷһųȥûκˣ΢֪һ˵ģͬһɷ磬ǷԼȴ
ôʣⶨȻԼԵʡٿԼдµĶһƪھ΢ϸ˶Щֲ࣬һľԶʱڶ컯޵֮ҲܽɾͷǷ
΢֮ȲѣϾȻԼõٲҲ̤;΢㿴һڲİӣƤһֿ˿ԼдµĶðһŵͷ
Īǣһľͷǡ

˰ϣȥ΢ԷֻѰСԺҲûҵ˿̣΢ѾǸܵӱϣһ˵ĵطȻԵĽӲӵС
£΢ҪϾҪΪ΢ȲҪ֤һԼһȡĺڹӣǲľ
˵ľˮɾϺޣ򵥲ǲľķ΢ںӱߣץǸľ۾ֱĶź棬˿ȻΪǷӡ
һϢϢ
һֱϢ涼ûκ״΢̾˿ҪʱͻȻһβֱ۴СĺˮԾֱ˹΢״æľ˼ٿ֮ϣһʮϰˮ淭㣬кϺзڹ֮꣬еģȫӿǿ׳ۡ
΢һĻȻ֪Լײ˴ˣԼһӣľ
߶г緹΢Ųκˡ΢Ѿ֪ľϹ뵽ڹ֮þ֪֮䶨Ȼйϵ˵Լһľı塣
ƪھᵽΪľΪ仰ֻҪ΢֪ľ洦֤ȻֱӽľʲôЧС鹦ǹֻ̫ɽ
΢ĵȵɽֹ̳ʼ΢֪ʼ֮СԺΪģһѼУڷΧصֻεΧĹ»Ұ˿̿һĻһŵǻɢæ룬ȻУģǹеǰˣ޵УÿһԸŹ֣˵ɱɱ֮жԶԶ
ġһ֣΢дʥԡʶ֣־˼顱һҲԽԽϲҪǬƫƫͷʱɷȥͲסһƪֵ˻һΣֻǽġôдƺд΢ֵζ
΢׽͸黭˫ʫҲǼĲɣƫƫʲôãܱȵڡ̾˿˿Լдļƪ֣ҡҡͷ±ʣոġµ鶪һԡ
ʱɺУ̧ͷһȥɫȡؾʿĸӦȻǷǱѰ˿Ӧ֮ΧȻǸӿȥֻ˵һ£ڴӶΧ
ֶĵһʿŶС̤Сһ̤ڿնǸӹȥ
ͬʱҲмӰҹɫзɿȥмԭڸɢʿոҪɣȴû뵽һǿߣȻ⼸ɢޣ˿ǴӲͬŭ塣
ٶ죬ֻƬ̾Ѿϵȵ˵طɫѾ൱Ź֡ǰȻ΢סСԺ֮ǰ˫ȻǲǴ
˿СԺϿգӿȻѾγһУһɴСΧвɢʿֻܶʮ׷ΧڵɣһУӶᡣ
ʱҲһ㣬ǺüͷʱΧ½ɢޣʵֻС磬ֻһ˴ﵽС磬Щеǵʿ磬еɮ˴磬װߣԭڣ֮һ㶡
ڹڣɾ˲֪˲ʿ磬֪λشˣСʿڼ֮ڣͿ̤ͨϴ󾳡
ɣǸΪﵽСɢǹǰɺεݣЩɢȻǺ⣬Щ˵Լüʲô
ǸΪھСɢ̵ĴˣʦҩɢˣʦҲн飬Һòһݣҩ֭׼ʱãҩհã㱻ߴ룬ҵɢ޾鲻ף֮ҲʵڱӣǰۣȻĴҲĴҵɢ
˵꣬һ
⼸ɢҲǼæǵҲвʶ֮ˣûû˵˹ٿضɢ˵ûʲôؾʿͲͬˣǶ֣Էһ˱ɽȫɱ
ɴ˿ǰľӶΧɢ޵Բͨʿһ뵽΢Ͼ΢˿̾סСԺҡҡͷ΢ǱΪƷٹҲֶΡôֻһֿܣСԺԭˣԨ
ԨѾǶƷУλ֮ϣֶҲʤпӶΧĹ
뵽Ѿ¾κϵ鵱УԨȴΪˣաɳٽƷλƷ˹٣ҲͬڰƷ٣ԨϹ٣˰ǣȻǲ¡
뵽ɨһЩɢޣ޹أȥֹԼȥ
˵꣬һ̤Уݿ뿪
ʣ¼ɢҿ㿴ң֪룬Ȼ֪룬ΪҲСԺеˣˣǽԵĿҲ׳ˡ
Ǹ龳ɢ̾ϢһҡͷߣΨһһ龳ʿ뿪ɢҲ˺üȻҲһаɢûߡ
⼸ɢ֪֮ɢޣûʦţûкõĹԴһжǿԼòҵһЩ̺֮ûɣͱ˶ߣȻǲġ


ڶʮ ζ
˿ɢԭأһʮˣһһֳľȵšɢ޽磬ҲС˽ߣңûʦУȫԼȻˣҲС磬źһҰˣ˵̤ΪһҰʮǰҰ˲һؤһս˷˸·ߵļֻҰˣҹҰ֪ʲôطһƵĹҰ
Ұֻƾ赱ǲƵĹʮʱ䣬ҲС磬ΪҪ߻
˷Ҫ磬ʱòѰһѾǲƲֻһΣ߶Ҫ֮ѪطԾۼΧ׷Χ֮еµγһƬʿԿԴﵽ°빦Чû뵽ով𣬻ûüͱһȫߣʱǼƷֱӱ飬ʱ䣬ˮһգ˵Ȼʲһ
ɢ޶뿪Ұҧ˵ϵܣвװ˷˭Һò׾¶ôˣˣƫҪˣǺηʥ
ҲһߺޣֻǴһ˿ļɵȥСԺʲôҲãֻ¡
ʲôҰʵһ֪ı飬Ұ˲һǹɸղֻ˵£ȴû˵ǾСԺеˣҾãЩһˣ룬Ǻε޵СʿƷ˹٣ʥǾµôССصؽ磬ң֮ǰżжţסģһֻСҶСʿĪǻһ
һŻȻǵԭˣõǰ̽ҪȻƭˣˣһ֪һˣԲκϣҵ˸ߣ˵ʲôҲҪһ˵
ˣҶҲҪСһЩʩ̽ҾӦһǸҪõıԣҶ˿ɶҰץ˼ѾԶ
˴⣬׷ʩѧң˿Ҳ֪ʲôŷȻǴӻȡһֽСˣһϴƬһˣֽС棬䣬ͼһ紵ļ˾Ȼһ㶯
ֶΣ˵ϵ㶮ðһȻͬ죬ϵҲҪ׳ˡҰ˵꣬ȡǰһŹֵӴһһ̣ԶֻƤҰҰȡöڲĵҩιǼֻҰգ֮䣬⼸ֻҰͱһһĿ¶⣬׺ǳ
Ұ˵ֶΣҲ¶ɫϹά˼䣬˱߶˺ҰСԺȥ
΢ʮרעȻ֪˿С鹦˼죬һ̣͸оעԼС
С鹦ǹֻ׳Ԩ΢д鹦ǲڵɵߵıģ飬ص·
С鹦ߵ鶯顢ȪƵĹ֮·
΢ҪҪǿ֮ǰ֮һӿΪӴ΢ֻо·һƬˮ̶УԭֻǿмС鹦˿̾Ȼתʮ졣
һ̣΢ſ۾ѿǶ˫ԣһƼӿ
鶯΢Ǵ󾪣һΣһˣ΢ɫִһ˿Ź֣ҵȻ鶯С⡭ôܣӦͷһС鹦ŶԣôһͲ鶯С
΢о棬ɲǼ䣬뵽һֿܣ˿һӣ°С鹦ֻһ鶯СˣѾǹɱˣЩʮϰ꣬ǧĹϹ֮ûгɹɣΪɵһǲգԾôףԼƫƫһ鶯ȻǽǾӰԼæ
뵽ؿھһ䡰ΪľΪ΢Щˡ
ʱ΢ͻȻ洫һƮӡ΢ûΪҲֻЩֶΣ΢Ѿ鶯СһޣйٷѪ壬ˣҲԱ֮
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似϶ЩԺ֮ѾͷЩԸԼԲų
˵ʵ΢ͷһμȫʩչ似˵似൱ֳһѶ̽Ųֻ̻󹷾Ȼκβҿӣʱڣûκ⡣Ψһ鷳ǽͷǸˣ΢ܿǼſһĹӦǱ˳ʮĹԼ
ô˵ҲǹȻǹ΢ôܾ¡ҪֵӣǺԥȡѪƣֱӶ˹ȥ
ô΢Ҳ֮٣ΪոʲôҲͻ֮ſŵǸūԲǶֻ֣ùѪơ
ѪҹȥǷһҽУǸﱻλɢҲֱ飬ϵǸֽǺһ˸⡣
ԶɢǿѪɫ΢ʱҲͰūɳǽ⣬Զɢޡ
Ƿˣ˿̵΢ɢ޶ľʿ˿̸оϮ֪й֣Ƿ׷ʩչֶΣۡ
һ̣ߺҰ˿״̬µ΢
ҲЩʶģϳ΢Ĺٷ߶ʱʧ
ҰɢʱѳʶҲ㣬̳Ҫ£Ҳܲͷϣ׼ԸٹҲκβǣٶǹޣҿ鶯СȲͳľǵԵҲ
һҲ󶨣ǵͷҰ˵ûΣֻ磬ܲͷϣһ鶯СĹޣҶܴˡ
˵ʮ㣬Ұ´һ΢λү£ʲôһλϵܵĿܣ˵Եɣݹȥ˾㡣
΢ֶۿɢޣ㣬ϺʾԵɣ˴լԺҵסʩѵ׼үǿ֪ϮҪȥǣµظ̵ġ


ʮ 齣ͼ

ףλүҰʮأʲôûҲʶ٣Ϊ仰סҡϵܣסȥСԺҶҰҪ˵ǼٵģĹܲͷϣҲΪҪŪǸԶıҲա
һȡһֽСˣҧĴָѪϣ˲ʱƽ磬ֽһķ𣬾ȻڿΧɳľһСĶ
㿴ľܵλүСඣ˵꣬һ־Ǽܾ΢
ͬʱҰ˱СԺ΢״ǴΪżҰʿѾСʿҲȻǶ֣̾ȥʱһɴײֱӽ΢ײȥһɶԶûվȣһ£΢ײͷת򣬻ͷһǼľײԼ
ЩľȻԹ꣬΢ϴŹٷԲ޴󰭣Ϊ΢й鶯СΪʲôֳֻѪĴЩľܡ
΢Ȼ֪ôȥǰ취ʱͰūҲǳ΢һԸЩľܣ΢дϢĻᡣ
ͷһСԺ΢գԼԳŹͰū뷨ϳǡ
˵꣬һ緵СԺʱҰ˺ͼҰһΧѾ΢żﲻæȴ̳ӣԼ
΢֪ԼΪûΪ磬ôȥ϶ǰﲻæ
΢뵽Լʦǽһֽϣɣʻһͼ
ԭԨһͼȻòϣɢǻˣͼǽã΢ֻ»һԶԸʿսͼ
ʦн˼ֽõսͼ͵ģ彣ͼΪһ轣֮ͣ󣬿ͼСɱ⡮彣ͼףƫƫԨʱʦûлһ΢֮ǰҲԹΣҲûгɹ
˷Σ΢ڲˣһ彣ͼζҪ顣
΢ֱ֣˲ֻƬ֮䣬ֽһͻ峤̬ԾȻֽϡ
ɻ˫ȻᾪΪˣٶȣȻҲ˵ĳͣ΢ٵıīգƫƫֽ̬̬߳汸
֮΢һ顱еĽͣͷ·һҪԾֽ棬ǰȥɱһ㡣
΢˿ǻ󺹣һλսͼ൱ľ޴󣬴˿ֶ̧̣ʮѣȴҧǿţͼŶ
ԺУѾ㺹죬ȻˣǵҰҰˡɵ֪Ұ˿϶Ƕ÷ʿյĵ˵ʿֻǿöԷûʩĻᣬʤ㡣
һֱ׷Ұˣ߹ȻǱΪǱǱҲһЩգҰԲӦ˵Ѿˡ
΢Ŀôȥذܡ
ʱҰ˼΢һָһҰ˹״̴УүСģ
΢Ȼ֪ٲԥ̽彣ͼչ
ɲ֮䣬ͼͼֻ֣֮ҰͨһԵڵأٿĹͷѾ֪ʱһԡ
Ұ˼״ĿɿڴȻ֪ʦΪ΢һ̰Ұ˹ȥͬʱӻȡһöҴСĶݺ
֪ǲʲôöǲһ˹ȥһҰ˶ĶͻȻըһƬˮǺˮ֮ȫǸʴð̣䵽ϣȻ̾ͻᱻһ̯Ѫˮ
ҰֻΪ˿û΢Ӷľ˹ȥ
΢һΧֻٴξսͼһΣԺƺһӰշתƣʩչһ׽ҰǱնɱѪһأҰ˱ϾľʿΪ񣬴˿̸оȷأΪʱľȱϣ˫ҲϹˤ֮⣬ҽвѡ
Ұˣ΢һսͼҲľȻѣֽм
Ұ˻ںУֱ֣ȥɢ޵ҰҲ벻һҰƪʮ꣬ľʿȻһѾͷȪ֪Ҳһ
ʱūҲƮ˻΢ǸɢԺĲҽѾˡ
΢˿һɢߣǳԼûˡ
һ΢Ѿǰ¾ģԺһҪڼҪҪͳĵͷ֮⣬ҲҪ׼彣ͼԱʱ֮裬һԼʦһһĽͼڵĽ¾һˡ
ʱ΢ӦȴǺһϣȻҰðһ꣬Ұ˵ꡣҰʮ꣬Ȼûʦָ㣬ѧӣȻҲһЩ֮Ȼ겢ǰجȻҲսթҪûߡ
΢Ը֮ǰԷʿ΢һ˵ڶԷ˳꣬΢ɾһ㶼ˡ
ΪϽ΢ݣ˵ֻһĹЩгɵĹޣ΢ҲΡ
˿Ұ˵꿴΢Ǳǹ壬ŵĹڵͷ
΢ŶԷҲˣĹΪӦñ˲ѪծɣҲΪ㣬һйٸ㶨
˵΢һץͽҰ˵ץҰǰҲֶڶ࣬󣬾Ȼ΢ץס΢ź͹Ͱūһ磬һ·޻˶˾֮ڣ΢Ұ˵Ĺ춪ѵĹߣúкҰˡ
Դϴε飬Ѿǽ΢Ŀɽ΢Ǹˣڹ˵ԨǾһɽɽţӱǰҲ̹˺ܶࡣ˿΢겻ˬǵͷӦһ˦ͶһҰס
һöһ꣬סǾѵÿҲˣ˿ҰѾŵƨͬһȰһţǱ߸ߣλҰ֮΢Ҳùʣ϶ûʲô³
£΢ðūŹȥԼȥԨ
Ԩһٷ΢ǺһЦмСһ衣΢ͷһȲ裬Ȼʮ־棬Ԩ΢ɲȾܺȵΪƷҲò軹һθεʱ͵ġ
Ǻöһڣֵ£ԨǺЦʱɨһ΢ȴһƺʲô֣ٿȻֱӾĴվ


ʮһ ְ
Ԩʱ΢ͻȻʵϵܣ㡭鶯Сˣ
΢ͷԨ˵ء
ôܣռ㣬㻹ΪյҸС鹦ôһ첻޵鶯磬£Ҳǰ겻ô£ɷΪ֡
΢ͲԨԨĽ飬ҲûбҪţֻǸľͷ飬΢뻹û˵ʵԼҲȷô£һ˵ͻᱩ¶Լ顣΢ֻ˵˳֮⣬ɢ齲һ顣
Ԩһͷ˵һ븮ãԭɢ֮꣬ߣȻҶԹ֣ǻŵҲˣˣǾ䵽ģ¹ʲôʲôɽǾΪ˵㣬ȻǸɢС
˵꣬ԨֵֻΪû뵽ʾȻ֮ãһʱͿ鶯磬С鹦Ȼѭʮ죬ֱǷ˼Ҫ֪ǰȻҲзһģһĹǿߣΪֵģǧҪ¶£
΢ͷȻٸˡԨ΢Իġ彣ͼҲǾ̾Щʧ䣬ᰮ࣬ʦҲʱ䣬ƫƫһսͼ
ԨʱνµµΪΨһԵ£ǽʦڸ㣡ԨԵ˵˵꣬ȡһƴСĹƵݸ΢
΢ӹһ¶ϲɫѾ鶯磬һЩΪƫƫȱٷԨĹϾͼһŹ
צȥָģǼһ鷨һëΣߣƫƫԸŹ˵ǰԵȥɡԨЦ˵Ȼŷʮֵ⡣
΢֪ԨԼȥҪôимѡ
ٸҪһһƷֻС˷ͶŲңֻˡûӣҲǳէһƷĶһûУֻһˡԨĵ˵һ䡣
䣬Ԩ㲽⣺ϵܣѾǹҲҪְҾͰְ˵һ£һЩغɷҲҪء
΢ɫϴ
Ǹùְ׽úɱ˴ĶһЩޣһΪֻһݸͨ¼涼׷ĹЩֻÿһαɣûʲôơΪһ仰Ҫ˵һֱȥҪҪһЩ𣿡
΢ף
ãٰһЩ˵һ£ҲҪһһΡ
ȵ΢뿪СԺѾǼҹСԺҲСԺŽգһѶ̽΢壬΢æǰ
ģû£Һ˵һЩ飡΢£룬Ӧø΢ԨԼΪԼѾͷǵ۾һȵô˵ҹһΣ˯ţôҲҡѣȥ
΢ͷ۾ʱǣЦҾ֪үһУǵ˹٣١
Ȼһ΢ֻҪ΢ãûκ⡣
ԺҰ˵ʬڣ΢ҲôҲ鷳СԺݺһطڿӣֱӽҰˡ
ҰϵһЩûõһ£ֻһЩõġ֮⣬΢Ұ˵ͬǰ𣬲΢Ҳ£Ի彣ͼԷֻǲҰ˵ĺ󳾡
΢˿ҰϰһЩֱһͷĥƵӣһƵҰһװҩĿڴ֮⣬һƴСĲͼ
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΢ûֱȡǸͼ˿ȻһͼĳһƬʵزֽһֲ֪Ƥ
΢⣬ͼϵļֺ΢۾һӾ
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Ҫ֪֮Ȼһÿһ磬ŵȡͬľͷΪģġһɫģ覡ģȻߣͬУҲǿ
ͬؾҲиߵ֣֮ľһΪĴƷףأġأһɫأԼͬġ覡ء
һʿֻֻ޳أ׿Խ֮кùʿأһɫ޳Ѿ޼޳صʿ
΢ҲֻǵһֻʱĻɫᵽƵˡ͡ؾ΢£˿̿ҰôһͼɢѳĲͼƬϾȻۣסˡ
漴΢Ǽޱȣ֪ԼץסһǧѷĻʱ䣬ǸŴڵӦûûҵǸɵĶҲûлáؾԼԸڶԷǰȡǽĳɾͱȻԹ
һ΢ԷµջٿһƬͼ֪ⶨȻһͼָǹɶڣˣͱȻҪŪһͼѰλ΢Ըоͼӿһͼǲģ˵һͼڽҲдóǴ򿪹ɶĹؼ
΢Ѿ˼ƻһͼغãҪѰͼͬʱΪҵĲͼ
¶΢˵һܣȻ͸¶κˣϾʱǸŴڵŵҲѰͬĲͼ
һʱգ΢Ķƽƽ鶯С֮һǡ鶯󾳽硱
֮󣬱ǹ龳磬ǿĹ»Ұ׳΢˵һЩǿĹޣרȫжеҰֻҪʩչ˲ΧеĹ»Ұ
鶯ȣ龳Ҫ˺ܶ࣬΢ҪʱһšצٶԶ統һ鶯ǰ٣Ĺޣӵľ΢ٶȻ൱ı̬


ʮ Ҵլ
̶̼գ΢Ӧ˹黭ϣΣҲץһЩĶ
̫ƽʢҲһ֮˳ɶĻʺܴΪԹأԳɹ֮Ҳ൱׺οʿڶ࣬һЩƫƧ䣬ҲһЩķЩٶɶɹɷķţҲڶࡣ
΢˵Ǻ£ץһܵõһݹ㹻Ϊȥ΢٣΢˵Ȼһ¡
ÿգ΢ҪһΣЩ΢ץסĶҲһͻܡ΢Ԩͽ΢ȥ
ϵܣм¿Ҫ䵽ͷˣؾһҴĵطǰճһ׮£һһʮڱɱ֪󣬾˹СȥʮǹСһȥΣûҵκ꣬±飬ڵйٶѾһ˲£ȥô¡ԨʱЦе˵Сãܴ󡣡
΢ͷ⣬ԨֵһҲ龭ȻҲô»Ұˣȥ֮ҲҪСģΣɹߺһȥһݱա
Ҳȥ΢·ˣҪΪҲǹ鶯СΪҪӴ񣬸˵ץıԼҪйڣһЩͻҲӦܴӦˡ
Ԩʱȡһݸ΢˵ӺµĹٺ»һЩҪģ㣬Ʒÿ¿ôһСĹЧǺöֻС
΢ЦպãԨҲǹæ΢뵢Ԩʱ䣬뿪
߹͵õϢţ΢ܹҾү
΢һЦˣԼˣòôһǸ£׼ˣ
ظүģСҲǵһˣôļһﶼˡ
ǾͺãһȥˣȸһϣҰȥҴ̽һ¡΢˵
ͷһүš
壬΢˿ɫֻһ˿ûȫ߾͹վһԣ΢Ѱ
룬ͻȻ΢̿һֽպīԼٶȻһСͼ
ϵС͹һ޶ֱͬһģӿ̳һ΢һҲֻʶԲû飬һӦÿù߸ˡ
߿ϵԼ־ϲȥ֪΢ʱ򣬹߾ȻǼĹؿͷ
΢⣬ʵߣʲô
æүֻĴʸظүСҺεºܣүΪһ֪⻭ȥֻһɾҵ˻ǹɣСҶܼȮ죬ΪΪ񡣡
΢Ȼȷ֪С֮˵뵽˼ҶһЩаҲ˻һô
߰л΢ĸһУ˲ʱ䣬⻭ͬһ㣬΢պãȻŶ
ȥҴ̽ãϾС鶼ûҵǲһʮڵ꣬ʵ̫΢ǽСģһҲ⣬ȥ̽һ޺
΢ûΪĿǰֻ齣ͼͼ΢˲٣ΪսͼģֻڻԨµһ̿շͼ齣ͼԸʿ̿շͼԸЩ΢ոǿڣ鷳ӦҲܴӦԡ
ҴعϽ벻ʮأʱ΢Ѿ˵Ҵؽ硣΢һ£һзûľͲҪĻ΢ʱȡʹãһ£һĶ̽ЩмѷڣΪ΢һȥǰĲ£ܻһЩ鷳
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΢Ҳû뵽ĺôأûӣֻܴŽ˵һ£һʲôײУȻɱ˼һʮڣϣȻɱ
Ҵ岻Сʮ˼ңɱǴеһ˼ң׾ʹ̽ˡ
ǹ˼һĲҰڶûץ׵ˣõĲ۶СҪǿ֣濴ˡﲶ춼ǳԸɷķͰˣûץˣĴĻ̡̻һ΢õش
˵ط΢ȿһ޵ĺܲլԺ˿ſΧˡ΢ȥһ£֪ٸ˵ʿ飬ƫƫ˹¡ĵʿʱҲˡ
ϡ£ٴΧۡ
΢һҲǴһ֪ٸҪʲôӦҪһЩ֮ĵʿл֮꣬ưһ£Ⲣ޲ףл֮󣬾ͻʩȻС߹硣
Σգǵʿôܺ
΢˼Ƭ̧̣ͷٿŹ˼լԺȻﱻһŨ֣Ҳ΢ۣ򻻳һʿܿǿҲС
Ȼ˼լԺ⡣
΢Ҫȥ÷ʱԺһŮÿ΢΢΢һ㶣һ˵һ仰ǲԻŮΪܵſڣȺλ΢ֹӣ
΢Ӧ㱻ǲԺӡ΢ȥʩչһ־Ȼǿ첽Ⱥ첽룬ǲ󾪣䳤γһ룬΢æס˵Լãһ롣
΢ҲǻŮöԷ죬漴һθǸŮװ֮ˣô
ȻŮɹϵһ㣬ֲÿԳЩٸĲ۶ô
΢֪Լܽ˶ԷҲǰллæǹڶΰ΢ˡ
ôǵڶΣһԺʵֱڿ죬زס£ǻŮҲĿ⣬Ŀ΢ѯʡ
΢ЦĴˣ΢Сѱ
ûع˫Ѿ֪ϴ΢Լ΢죬޵ֹӺ
֪ôƺ
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֣˫֮ζˡ
΢˫һһûзӦȻûнõĿǰŮһ𡣶˫˿ҲԽԽ΢棬ˣҰ껹ҵĹӣֱԼԼԻģĸǱԼò۷нѣ΢ƺ⣬ﵱҲûκֺõ˼ȻڳԼҲֻǶˡ
˫Ӻ棬뵽ǰպĺѣ˫һ˿ɫ
΢ε翴˫˼ʶҪȻԷҲǳѯʡ˼ҵĲҰҲʲôܣ˫Ҳ֪΢ͨˣͨɣԨٵҲ֪һ΢סԨСԺ϶Ҳ֪ܶϡŹ֮£Ծͽ˼ҵ˵һ
˼ڵҴһĴ壬ϵ٣Ҿʵ˼ҵСŮ˷˫Ǻѣһ̸ʫۻáһΣ˷Ҳڷ˫֪ȻǱʹ֣ڵҴ壬Ҫɱ˼ͽʲôˡ



ʮ ɷ
ãҶȻҪͽ϶ͷ̨ͷ֮ޣ˫˵޴ҧһҲͷ˵ĶԣԵıͽ͸ǧУһɱ
΢ͷο˼䣬ʸոշʲô˫ʱȴ¶һ˿֮ɫǻ䵽ʲôֲ飬СٸҲ֣Ծһʿǰһлѯ˭˹˼ˣҲܳ꣬ǸովǵʿʱͻȻҽбС
΢Ҫ˫΢ߵһŵĲǰ
ֹӣʿʬ棬ҾͲȥˣǵʿ״ֲҲҪ׼˫ſ˵Ȼ֪˫⣬æŴ򿪣˿Ǵ죬㣬ſ֮Ӳȴðһ
΢ЦЦΪȥãһкξ壬룬ȥˣҿͳ
ҡͷְס佣ȻҪ΢ȥ
Һ棡΢˵꣬񷿡񷿲һˣһʿŰײ΢ۣһ۾ͿʿʬſһںӰӣȻڿʳǵʿꡣ
ʿ˿ֿ̼¶ʹ֮ɫȻвǺӰۿҪǶϳһյʱ΢պøϵϣ˦ֽѪ˹ȥֱҵǺӰϡ
һҽУǺӰҵˤһԣ˿̺Ӱ̧ͷ¶һŤ׺ݵĶ΢
ò˵һﳤʵ̫ˣǵٴ󣬴˿Ҳᱻŵ΢ǹҲһ΢ⶫӿֲһ棬һ棬΢Ȼϵһ
һ̣ӰЦ͵һǽƬ֮ܵûӰ
΢۷̥ȻǿһУֻоͻȻɨһ磬㰲ȴ֪ղ΢ѾǺһﶷһ
ǵʿĲл˿Ҳ΢ǰ񣬹³ϼ۵ƽˣǴȣҵĻǶᱻǹ̳һգ˴£ƽΪ
΢΢΢ͷȻ֪ΪǰΪжߣֻҪɷΪɢͨûʲôҪǣùϽԼԷô
ˣΪշǹô£˵뱾΢ʵ
ƽæͷ˳Ǹϼ۵ĵʿרְȻֻΪܲľʿͻһЩͨķһαл꣬һ⣬˭뵽Ȼɥ
ʱҪٻع˼һ˵꣬ʱ;Ŀһۣʹ̣֮㡭ʱһǻδ壬̧ʱʦȻұû뵽ǹͳ֣Ҫ̵ļ֮ƽҰ׵
Ȼƽ֪鲢࣬˵ǺͿˣôĶ֪
΢壬һ֪΢飬Բţһ΢ʱߵƽʬǰ鿴һ¶Էؿڣʲô·ǿƤȻѾڣһ΢ָ֣һץһѾûƽƤ˳
մźѪͷһ̹⣬ȻǴ˶
ƽ֪Լô˰ɣ΢˵һԵչ˿ȵ˵ǱɱְôǱҪǿˡ
΢ҡͷ߽ǶȻΪ԰ַƽģ΢ۣܿ΢⾹Ȼһֹ
ΪõĶǹԼϴŵĹٷѪһԳáһ룬Ըһ㣬ۿɼԼľһɳá
ȻǸղǹͻȻϮһɱƽ
뵽ղǸ΢Ҳǰ˼⣬ǸôΪܲ򵥣Ȼ԰մ䣬ԼƵҲֻյĲ¶ˣҲֳܵȵܳ־á
΢뵽ǹ꣬ǹ顱ĴڣֲСҲ˼˵Ĺ죬⣬Щ֮˵Ĺ类ղǹˡ
Ӳ΢ѾǴ⣬ΣҪǹɱҪȽϱ³֮ԼҲܵõһݴ󹦼
ͨ£Ȼǽߣ΢һᣬԺһھȡߵĻžһ˦ѾǴӾڽ磬΢ȥˡ
˵߽磬ϻضҴ˼ǹϱԨҲǴһüͷĸᣬҵ΢˵ֹ
ãɷٶǹ龳ⶫԩ꣬ԩ걾ʹɷ̳֮ɷ죬˻ɷܿͿԽΪȪֱӳΪƵ׹ˣϵܿɲǶ֡ɷǹʿŻƵĹȻɷǱȻйаڸ鷳ˡԨһɫ䣬Ϊ΢ģ֪ˣǾ΢ȥ¡
һҲǱԨ⻰˸Ǻװŵӵˣү˵ˣɷǴ˺үһˡ
ˡ˭Ԩһ㶡
ү˵һ֣С˵
Ԩüͷ֪΢ΪҪרɹǰͨԼˣϾԼͬѣδãӦԼ֪뵽Ԩ૵ֵܣΪֵȻ֪˼ΪָİΣ
˵꣬ԨæȥѰҸй٣¸֮йһҲǴһ
Ӻһϣӣɷֻйʿƣ֮龳磬еĿԴﵽȪ磬˵йʿµȷ൱֡
ˣԱ뾡ΪǿĹǰȥáԨ൱֪һ̣΢ǱߵΣվһ֡
ֻǴ漰ҵҲϹٲϣȻ΢ҲʽεĹؾҿҾȫȨðɡӺʱ˵Ԩһͼˣˣ΢ιûʲôΪ˵ʿǸɷҲӦܴˣ
ӺȴνİֵȻΪҪˣһ䣬Ϊ٣򲻿˽һᾡȥʾϹ٣ڴ֮ǰ
˵ȥһйû˵Ԩָ֪ϣҲתߡȥ֮Ԩ˼ǰ󣬾Ȼ벻һӣܵĶСȥҲﲻæҪиԨԼΪƷ٣ɷǲ뿪硣


ʮ ٶ
鷳ǣδҲûȥԨȹϵϣƫƫһ취ûСҲֻù߿ٷȥ΢뿪˼ң˲һ˲£Ҳܱȶǿ
˷䣬ɫѺڡ
΢Ȼ֪飬ûв΢Ȼ뿪Ҫȣȵܷ֮ӳãֻ΢Щʼδ˫ȻҲûȥ
ʱҾҹ̸ֻ˭֪޳ҽסֹǲסڹ˼ҿͷÿԺһ𡣡˫΢ȥ˵
Ȼ൱ϲ˫һʣ뵽ǳ΢£ñ΢Ҫܾȴ΢ãɫѰסˡ
һ˵΢һ߸ɫֻýĻ˻ȥ
˫͹˼ҹϵãټ⣬סҲû˵ģ΢סȻΪ¡˫Ϊ˱ģֻΪ΢֪ǹٳ֣ȻԼ֧ʵǲ鷳
Ϊ΢ѾϳǸȻǸ
ԴϴζԷɷϮԼʧܣ⸵ͬ˼һ㣬˭뵽̶ʱټˣԷѾǳ˹
ֱԸʶ䣡΢ҲֻֻйеŭҲһˣԨѧ˷ӦһЩ飬û뵽˼֮أΪ˹֮ºԼԹҲ֪Ϊʲô˹˼һʮ˵͸Ѳϵ΢ΪȻҪ˵Ķ𡣿΢֪ԼȥǸ鷳ŸԸҲŹԼԼȥҲ׷ԼùΪֹߣȥֻСơ
΢ڿͷãūػ壬ԼϣĴѰ
һŮӹ뷿ڣ˫ڳˮ裬ǺĴӡǹ˼С˷Ĺ뷿óλСϲ黭һϣһβľ٣Щ˵ϡСϰȭ似ŪҲǳ̽˯ĵطһѸֵ
ٿǽϵ黭ȴǿһϤĻ
һͼ͹ǽϣ죬ⲻǰʱүôȥˣô
˫ע⵽ͼ΢죬⻭Ȼ΢ܼҽȥ˵ҹĦΪϲ˷һݷã⻭Ҳ߲·ĥӲݣǴ˫ҪһͼֻˣҲûʲô˫֪⻭΢֮󣬾ͽ΢д˻ϡ
㣬⻭үģˣϻүأֲүдġʱʵ˫շ̣ͣͻȻһ磬ĶҲ˲䶫ᡣ
һ̣˫ǰӿ֣Ȼѱ߸Ǵ̶С΢Ҳٹ֮£һ˫ߣ̽˳˫ȻӲСδ£ɫҲŵɷס
ʱһӰӶ֣ӰֳһǸ˿̸ûһ˿˵ģ߿Ѫɲ¶˼ΪЦݡ
Ѿͷ΢ãұɱҪǸ΢᲻ʹļף˵꣬ץһȥ
ʱһѪƺȻ򸵴ѪŨֱӽײɳȥ߲ҽһ̺ˡ
ٿһ˴ݶ£΢
˿΢ź¹ٷһץȡѪƴص䣬ֳһ˵綦ղѲܣо˴ӿ̸ײղһĻżʱ֡ѪǹΣнܣһ»ҰѪ¶ɢɸȻͨĹֻܴѡ
΢ҺúޣϵĹٷӦôϲŶԣҹ֮λҳӣҷǵɱ㲻ɡϹͬɽȪ緢һ㣬ڸͷȻӿ΢һ֪鷳ˡ
⸵ĹΪѾǹСͻƵһҲֻ˰벽⸵Է񣬾ǵնԷԸԼĹɷɱȡ
΢ĹΪҲող鶯ȶԷһȼ΢Ԩġ̿շͼйٷҲ
Ҫ΢Ҳ˫꣬΢ǻһŶȻǽ΢֮ǣΪ΢Ҫӣ˻׷˳ȥ
΢ţ䵽һСҰ䣬֮󼸺û˳ţҲ˼޹˿̽׷΢ͣ£¶һȥ˲ʱ䣬һϢ΢֪ԼΪԷſһ̿շͼ
ͼ֣ӳգͬһεײһһ̵ˮҽˤ˳ȥðҰ̣ۼɷ֮Ҳɢ١
ɺޣԨȻͼҲ㣬Ԩҹһ㲻СӣΪʲôѡѡңҺްҲ˿ֱ̼ͬһ㺿ţͬ񲣬зͼ΢޷ԽˣϵԹԽأԭͼڵлͷ֮ơ
΢ҲǼΪ𾪣̿շͼǱԼͼҪû뵽ȻûһɱˣϵɷԹŨ
һ̣ſһ裬ȻǾһɼΪǿҵ磬΢ķͼɳȥһǳûץ΢
΢ʧ֪˿̸Ѿǹǰ˹Ϊһ˵΢ʤ㣬ۿĹצҪץ΢΢鼱֮Ҳǹһצ
΢ġצ
С鹦һ΢צҲľӿٶȣŹҪţ͵һµĿҪͨǵ๦ɣ΢ʮ죬ȻѾţҪ֪צһżΪ͵ĹרɷԹ˵ǹĿǡ
˿΢ȫʩչһצ͸Ĺצײһ
һ̶ͬ˺죬ֱ۱΢һצ˺ƣצƲȻǽصһײ顣
һҽһξѾͬҰûԭɷԹ΢һצĲУԼɼһЩ˵ף٣һŮ΢ӯӯһݣɢ١
ôѾɷС۷壬ֻһͿԽΪ󾳣ôܻᱻСһצɷ֮壬ⲻܣСӾǳΪҲʮʱ䣬Ϊʲôô˿ѾûԭķԹ۾֮ɫȻˣѾɹٱɱǱǻɢó
΢Ҳû뵽Լһצ˾ˣȴǲ֪צ編оϳ֮һԨ棬־ԲὫŷó΢ݣҲѧϰŹ


ʮ 
˿̸צɷ֮壬ɷȫʧѾǿ֧ţʱ˵һצ÷ͼһ£ûɢܲ¡
΢ֳַͼûдŹ⸵ԷԸ񼫶ˣ覴ñرԼԾԲֺ󻼣ǰɱʱͻȻһ̶Уϲɫæ˾ң
䣬һӰڸߣһϺڳۣ·Ѫɫϸͼʮ£һ֮ɫֳһѪƶ̵֮ɨһ۸꣬ɫһ΢
ȻѾۣԿ΢
ôĵӣȻҽҺòƵɷӣɭɭ˵˵ֿ˿΢΢΢һ㶣ֵԭĹȻǹΪβ磬ʲô£
Ǻˣ΢ɫأȡڵϵķͼ˵Ļƺ֮ǰֹйϵ
˭Īͷһ쵱ûпҴǹӵķ𣿡һɫƺΪǶô˲һ¡
΢һ䣬֪ţڹģϺͿɽ൱ֻĶаŹɽ޵ǳɣ޵аսɣͰԵ
΢ΣȻֻͼ٣ٵͼҲ٣Ȩִɳ΢ȶԷҪ
ӣɱ޹ʲôûв´˼һʮڣǱаɱԹ죬ƹȱľԹɱˣƵĹЩԹ꣬û˵΢˵֮Ȼ֪һķţǽĥ޹ȻԹ죬ʱͿԽԹĹȻɷޱȡ
˼ң΢²޹֮ڿȻˡ
㶼ˣһԵĸŵĻǶʲôûи߹΢Ϊʮ죬лԹ˽ɱ˽ʲôҶԸ⡣
˵꣬ΪԹĵ΢һ͵Ϯ΢ʧܣɣϹӾڰ·ϣаʿϹӲһɢޣΪߣʿӷΣŵĻɢ¸֮ززУܾʹ౻ǣطƳɷ
ʹֱ󣬸Ըƫǹӣǽһж㵽΢ͷϣƫΪΪ΢Ҳ䵽ء
˷΢˹мƽ⣬֪ʵǿᣬ˵һҪۼ΢ɱ
ôһ˵΢޲ȥĲл˺飬΢治۹֮ͷ֮ƣӦѾĴ󾳣ΪҪҰǿܶ࣬ǶԷĺɱ֣ԼǺӦԡ
Ψһ̵ģԼݡ
΢϶ԽǴڵӣŹԽɭϣԽҵҵɳҲֻ΢Ʋ⣬ҪڣԼҲûӣʤ㲻󣬶ԷĶ֣ԼҲȫһս
΢˼תǱǸҲһ˼
ҲںȷһĵҲģйҲƷ׸ߵ٣Ȼ֪ǿԽѵһԲ˶ԷΪӲ¶ԱסҲᱣʱһԸ
ֿһ۸ЦһȻûȫɷԼطƣҲ龳ΪȴǱеɷԹʵǲãԼҲǿ˴ŨŨԹԲųԹɷ֮Ѿǳ˷û˼ֵ
ȻˣȻǲΪôһȥɱһ
ΪԼӣҲҪúýѵһҲǶ˹Ǳŵ֪ԼƵĹﱻԼȴֲسӣȻΪЦСơ
뵽Ѿ˴㡣ڹ꣬ǰѾĴ󾳽磬СҲֻһ֮ңҪԸһι˵ֵԷһʱԷҲȥһĹֿʲôǰ;
ȡһöںԲ飬ԲƤڿգ֮ӿһźдʣһ־ʱһźһ֧Ȯ΢
΢ֻоһɷĹ֪ǹȮͬСɣײҲм֮һͼǹȮ
һҽУȮðһỤ̋Ųܿͼ巶ΧǹӸЦΪһƷҶЦȮһֻҵҪƷӦֻȮ
˵꣬ȡö飬˲ʱ䣬ֻȮ˻˹
΢״֪鷳ˣͼֻܶһЧֻȮͬʱ˷ΧԼҲмܡ
ǵֳֻһֻʩչצһ˹ĹȮץ˹ȥ
צһʩչǱߵĹӱǴһʧצצá
ٻعȮѾˣһֻȮ΢צץţֱӱ˺飬һлɢ
ޱȣֻȮòƳģĹ֪ռ˶Ȯ꣬ķ˶ٲϺҩģÿһһƷ˿̱ɱһֻȻʹޱȡ
ûмŹǽʣֻȮȫٻء˿ı֮ǰҲǴͬһץһԵĸ꣬ϸñᡣ
ȻҲǱצɷ֮壬֪ˣһųȮʲôǺйϵΪôһµֵ֣һӽһ΢λүһᣬǾʹ˽ҹɱһֻȮҲƽϣ֮ҲҪ˵Ҷкô
˵꣬ٲ΢תߡ
ˣ㡭ΪβɱֵСӡ˿̺ƬǹѾûӰ˿׹ߣ֪ԼˣҲߣûͱ΢һѿס
ͱˣ㼸ζԸң浱΢𣿡΢ץŸȻ΢Ŀơ
ʱһ紵ȻǼҴҴ˻΢ץһ»ҰҲǰͽԨĻ˵һ顣
΢һůԨȻԼ£צͷͼ΢ҲתΣΪΣǽ׽á
ߣһ䣬ˣ˼ʮ˵궼Ǳ̳ԡ΢˵꣬߾ͼæͷȡ˸ʵʵ߻ڷǰľͲҿˣΪ΢ߣԸֶΣƾʹĸǲȣ͵С󣬴˿Ҳ侲ٽ£΢Թ޸Ũ
ˣ΢ҲᣬֱӽԷ꣬һǾãԼķչҲкôҸԨѣ½ԨҲΪ


ʮ ةν
ѺŸһΣȻٲܷ΢塣
ȻǹǶӰ죬ΪԽߣԽǿʱ䳤ˣҲᱻ֣ܲˣܻܿ١Ϊˣٻȥ֮˵ΣΪ٣಻Ʒٸߣͻ˼
ɵΪߣǱ㲻ͬˡ
΢һ壬͸овʣȻǸоֽű˼ҲΪ˶ЩģҲܵǣ
΢֪Լ뷨ɵΪϾƫţȥԼҲҪԨ󳾣Ϊˡ
΢ϵ˫Ѿͷֳֶ̽䱸΢ŷ
үˣ㲻֪ղж£ͻȻðһ磬ĶᣬҾ֪һй֡΢ֳıԣ˵ͣ΢ЦЦûˡ
ү϶ʲôңոǲץ΢һ𳤴Ȼ⣬΢Ҳûʱͣʱ˫Ҳ˹΢Ҳǰο䣬ͬôգ˫ǽεεĴС㣬ܴҲѾܿɹˡ
΢˫Щ˸ȴ΢ǽһʲôʲô΢һ۾ͿǽϵĻΪģΪԼƷϣٶһ˿Խݺ̾Ϳɷ֡
΢Ȼ֪⻭˫͸˼Сģ˿̿뵽һ飬ɫЩѿ
˫΢飬º棬̲סʵֹӣ⻭ʲô𣿡
΢̾˿ҡͷһģʵ˼ҵǹгԹǹӺ˼£һѲϵ
΢ȻǸԼĻԲ⣬ɱ˵Ļǹӣѡ˼֣ΪһԵʡ뵽΢൱ֿǾ壬дԼ֣΢иǲ죬˼Сô֪һԼģʵǹ¡
΢벻ȻҲûпѯʣһ˫΢Ļȴ׻΢˵Ĳ٣Լ˷ˣһһҡ
֮΢߶˲й·ǰ˯΢ҲصͷϢһҹ΢˫ǳҹδߡ
ڶ峿˱뿪˫䣬ֱ֮ʱ˫ͻȻ΢ֹӣԨ٣֪д£
΢֪ΪʲôҪҲûʲôģͷ
ֹ֪ӺϵĪ棬Ҳ˵ֹ˫һ󣬻ֹشӦ
СʲôǾ˵΢³˫Ҫ˵ʲôǳʵ
ǿԣܷ˫ټ˫һΣ΢һȻҪӦҲ֪˷ĻǷ񻹴ڣҹԼצ˸Ĺ壬ʮǷһŮԼлû´Ӧþǹ˷
룬΢ǲܾ̾ǵͷҾԣ벻ɣ֪С㡣
˫һǼ˫лֹӴ
˵꣬ź΢
СԺ·ϣ˺ܲȥͣʱүһȥɡ
ʱ˵ɡ΢һص΢ĥһ˼£ԼӦǰˣȻһЩȴ൱Ҫǽ˸鷳
΢Ȼ֪նݳĵԼԵʱԼף˺İҪ֪һԷɹԼⱲӶμӿƿ֮ʹɷϮԼʹȻʱԷ֡
⸵ɹɱ޹ǹԣҪƳһֽɷĹֻǻûд󹦸ɣɣǵһʱͻԸԼ
Ժǲ֪δˡ
ֹȥգոҹ߾Ŷ룬΢ȥ΢ʹ֪֪ʲô£ϲɫү£
·΢֪һԼ˼֮µõ˸øة˵İ⸮ةԨǵĶͷ˾Ʒ١ΪǣӣҲǾ˸ةˣԹʣ˸֪ǰ֪΢Թʱ֪ʵ㣬ȴҲϣԴǴ͡
߻΢˼һҿɲ򵥣⣬ǺȻǻԹ죬ǵҲǿһ㣬ɱ˹˼£ǵԹһɷҪƳɹҪʮŸ˵ĻǲСǹҲǸտʼƣɣȻᵼʮŸû׷Ҳˣ׷ΣةȻҲǣ
΢°ˣҲǰ˸ةһæ
ﶫԨ΢ҲǹһЦΪֻԴȴû뵽ôãû뵽ʮ죬צѾţ֪ˣҲôˡ
Ԩ֪צֵһŷֻû뵽ȻǿᣬȻԶԸɷ
΢ҲǹһЦ⻹ллôõķ
ֵܣ˵ΪǷһ飡Ԩ˵ɫЩأ΢֪Ԩ˵ǸȴЦ磬㶼˵ֵܣͲ˵⻰ҿҲôˡ
Ԩͷ΢ļŵ߰ɣȥةˣҲ˹ةרŵҪ㡣
£΢ȴ벻ףԨˣ΢ֱʵ磬аʿô࣬ɱ˵Ҳ˼ʮͻǣֵøةʦڰɣ
΢˼ܼ򵥣ÿ춼ˣваʿģÿ¶ҪһλةʣǾҲ϶è塣
Ԩһһ漴СһƷѲ٣͸ةһЩԹϸ˵ҲǸة˵ˣ˹ĵӣ渮ة˳棬Ȼˡ
΢ŻȻ򣬰Ȼ˼һͬʱЩ£ʱԼˣǹӸߣôةǻᲪȻŭ㲻ԼԼԺ֮·ҲǵΪֹˡ
Ԩ˸һٵſڣͼţͷֳأŨīƣһͲǼ򵥻ɫȻĵȼϣةҪԨǿ˺ܶ࣬ϾƷ٣Ҫߡ
֮ͨ˹ٵ΢ͿǰһͬŭĿһ٣ƷٷȻλǷةˡ
΢ǸԨǰ
ضԨǸɣǰةԨ΢Ԩ΢ͷ΢ǰ񣺡΢ةˡ
ة´΢һͷһι˼ҵĲ£ĺܺãҲһҾͽĹٽƷʮꡣ


ʮ Ӧɵ
΢һϲ֮ǰֻǴӾƷֻ˰ƷƷǷҪ֪ֻǴӾƷеĹһ궼ԽƷɴ˿ɼٵѶȡ
ڸة˽㣬΢ǲôںϾǻˣ̫ǿᷴ壬ûʲôϵ
ԨһҲΪ΢ˣôʱھƷĹǰѵһҪǣ£΢ڸةˣǲ°ĺãպٵýҲǼпܡ
΢лةˣֵǴţµӲк޹գ̻ˣҵҪճĻû˵ġ
ȻةճģǺлԹĹ
º΢ûʲôϵˣϲ㶷΢֪ԼǾκΪԨ״Ҳʱǣȵ΢ԨǹһЦʮ죬ӾƷͳƷٵٶȱϸһ찡
Цˣ΢֪ԨԼˣ뵽ԼϹ֮Ĳʣ㽫˵˳Ԩһüͷһ壬һŵҵֻǸةôʶϾиƷѾǶˣ٣ӳ׳ʱ¾ͳܾܲܿٺľ޷ֻҪɵɣ;޹ҪǿʱΪ취ûлתɳ֮١
΢ͷȻ֪ǿɳɹ٣Ҫ̫࣬ͬ˹ٺ֮һ
ÿľѾǴﵽ鶯󾳣ǿᣬٲҪͬԨ˵֮;Ͼɵ;лᣬȻӦͳĵ
һǸ˹˵ְ֮һɵ΢ȻȲôãľһЩͨҲһЩá
뵽΢Ѿة͸Ԩһ룬ʣµȻҵߣѯظûɢ޷С
ߵʱѳʶɢޣϢյҲ㣬Ǹ΢Χһɢ޷УԲɢޣᶨƷ΢һˣ˵ǵ˵طֱΪ򵼣Ҳʡȥܶ鷳¡
΢ط֮󣬱ȥһˡ
΢Ѿʮʵÿһ磬жӦЩквЩŴȻϳ˹˶ܰЩţɢޣҲһΪӴȺ壬΢Ǵȥɢ޷УѰһŻ
žɢ޷еڡ΢һ˴·ŵʣǸϲȥˣֻҹסޣڴ֮ǰ΢㻹ȥп
Ҫҵ˵򵼣΢Ƶž棬һǰ˼ҡ
žôס˼Ҳ࣬˵ϸԺ׾ҵ˵طźԶ΢ͿһŴ
ľ΢һ֪ãľǳձľ˼䣬Ǵ˴һ꣬˵˼һЩҲ֮͹»Ұһ㶼˨£ȵҹŴ󿪵ʱСЩߣȻҲһЩô
µˣͽȻҲǵֻǱʿСȻԶԶ΢ٹ
΢֪ԼҶԵطˣǰߵţֻ˼˻Ӧ
ʱһ޸żֻ·΢İɣҸղżڶķſڱΧŴǶǷ˼ծҪȥķɡ
΢һ㶣˶ķλþʹ˹ȥ쵽ʱѾķǰΧ˲ˣ˽
˹֣ԹӵծҲͷˣҴ򡣡һƤһ׳ʱߣǰ棬ĸ׳ڶһڵϵߡ
Ǳ֮˻Դһԣɼ׳ȭߡ
üͷһ壬Щȥˣϰգǿ¾ҪȥȴǱ΢һק˻
⣬΢ͬ˵ٹݣۣͿԿ˿Ķ
΢ͿڵϵǸһ壬ϢȻǹ߸Լܵ򵼣ӦһΪΧЩȻףȴκβˡڴ˵Щ˺棬վһɫˣȻʵΪҪǿĶ࣬ӣӦѾСʿ
΢Сʿ۹֮ԿԷŨȹͨСʿͷϻһơͷϣһơ
ⶫҲֻ΢ۿԿ
СʿӦþЩƤеԹӡ˿ԹҲԼǮ͵ЩƤκβöԷЦһڰֵôˣ߰ɡ
Ǽ׳֣֮¶ģȻһޱȵˡ
ϵĳɨһ۴ˣ΢΢һЦںĵˣҿˡ
ԹЦŵ˵ͷƤЦߡ΢Աߵˣ֪ƺǺ˶һȴ˲Բű˵ΧŹ
һҲǵԸķ䣬ֲð򡣡
΢ҡͷȻûô򵥣Ҳ֮ˣûɿԹҲ֮ˣ֪ȴծһʲô⡣
Ǽɢ˰ɣЩȥˣ㹻ԼվˣԹʱǼ׳˵ͬʱ˦һ˵꣬뿪ߵķһȻβ˹ȥ
ʱֵҲɢˣ΢ҲԶԶȥ
һֱ˹ž򣬵һ˵ĻĽҰ⣬΢ſԶԹڶԳ֡һ֮ǰƤЦģɫ£ֳһõͭǮޣԹֿտգҪɵĶࡣ
ԵģӿЩƤһ٣Ϊ˼޹㣬Ѿ˵ĺȷֵģӦùңپǾֵ¼°ɡʱ˵
ԹһȻ֮ɫҲøҲøΪҲ֪ʲôģʶϲ̨СˡȰ㻹ǽң㲻ҵĶ֡
ٷϻҲҪ֣ҽţ˵꣬Թӱһ䣬͵˦֣һֱŶȥ
õͭǮ͵һɨžһǸںĶɨڵء
ٿǸںĶȻһָֻͷС򼣬ͨɫɨڵأǿصԹӽ£ɳɳ졣


ʮ ɢ޷
ײĲᣡԹ˵ȡһźڷһǺڷ㻯һźȫڣ֮䣬ͼǺͱǳССٳ󣬺ɫ䣬ʧʩ㡭ľʿ
ϧ֪̫ˣԹ˵һɫ
ѾûʱǴ˹һͭǮ޳ȥһͭǮͬڽ֮һ㣬һǣһ漴ͭǮǮѣžһɢһأҲǲҽһ֮ײˤ˳ȥ
ԹһָҪȥҧʱԹǱȴǸо죬ǲһһѺķɵֱӲղվλá
㾹Ȼа֣Թٻ򼻤һ࣬ȻСʿ廹൱ģȻֻһѷɵҲ
ֵȻ΢ߡղΣڵϦ֣ɣ΢ֽȡ
ʱԹӿ΢ˣ¶ԥ֮ɫȻСʿɱϾɢޣ̵ĲƵĶ棬˼йʤ㣬ҸղǷɵȺǿڶʱӱйԼҲΣաҪǣԹѹûȻа֣һͲµ壬ԼΣˣ
뵽Թٲԥתߣ΢ĿѾɣȻҲȥ׷
ʱӵɥŵͭǮ޵Ƭҡͷ̾ϢȻͭǮ޲Ƿô˵Ȼ۲ѣΪ߹ǹл
лλ֮ʱԵĺҲǶˡֱڿ죬ֱӲ㲻ǽ𣿡
˻֣ǽַţҵıɣλĪҪдҲʱæ˵Ȼźǽ⡣
΢Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֱӸɣԼǹ߽Ҫȥһɢ޷Уһɫһүģƾ֤
΢˵һ䰵ǹ߽ģֻйߺ֪һ̵ͷ㻹үģǾԼˣҲҪȥУһȥ
˵꣬һɹ˹ֵλСֲֻԵĲöԸΪҪСһЩ
ͺ棬ǳʵ˸Ը㣬Ƕ࣬˲ŶԸİɣ
Щ֪˵˵ԵƺҡȻүˣ˵˵Ҳ޷һöԵļ˾ҪռΪУȻʲôʹóҲֻû뵽ԷȻ޵СһҾͲˡ˵ҲһݣȻһСʿЩӦ
ߣȥУˣһ֪λôƺءΪȻʮֻʱ򽫷նԺ󣬳ѯʡ
ҽ΢΢˵꣬Ϳʼѯʹɢ޷еɶԴȻ൱磬ʱش
ɢ޷ѾʮˣһΣպûῪһΡԲ֮ڵɢޣһЩҶܻնĽһ΢ûлɹһЦȻУһЩͨĹеĹ㻨꣬ʮ̤СҪһģѾҪһЩˣλ˶ӣ
һǮ΢ҡͷʾû̾ûǮն
һЩӦÿ΢ʱ˵ɲŻȻҲԣҽ飬ȿʵĶ֡
һ·΢عž΢Ȼû뵽ɢ޷оȻǿУһ˾͵һԺǰ
Ժשߣ޵ʮɣǰһʯʨΰޱȣ֮Ⲣˡǰߵţһ̣ûһžʹ򿪣һӵͷ̽ͷ˿ɣֿ˿΢Ŵ򿪡
ģͷһɵͷ̬ʮֹͷϸһ΢ŵȥɡ
ԺӣһţǿŵģٽȥǰȻʣȻһʮֹĴԺʮɳ˿Ѿв˾ۼеóڵϣͬгһ㣬ͬǣĶǲˣҲû˽
в٣ϰˣȴʮְ΢ԵɨһۣЩУ߲٣ƵľͲˣңֻһƣֻмơ
΢֪ߣʿûвľһƵģСƣȻĴ󾳡
ǷУλ࿴˵ɢвٸˣǲСǵǾ鷳£˼ҲôΪүţլԺӣǵ棬Ǿû˹ˣΪ˻©˲ƣžͱˡʱС˵ɫ棬΢һЩͻǵǵˡ
үԺӵˣҲһɢޣ˵һƬɢ޽磬үΪû˵˵ѾСˡ
΢ͷһȻǵͷ΢ҲֻѰһɵҲ
ǾĴתתɣնֻܿУȱʼۣҹһҪȺү˵һ˵꣬ͳԱ߼߹ȥ΢һۣ˱㿪ʼת
΢ǲеģһס߶΢ʵĿԣûмĽͼ΢ֱ޸֮ĵ䷶ҲӦһЩ鷳Ͼ֣ûüȡԼѾɵˡ
תһȦ΢ϡŹֵĶҩģƷĵҩ׭è󣬿˵ӦоС΢ۣһۿЩϵ֪ٺûҲ±ƭ
˵֮ⷻڣٶǲ٣ȥĶʵǲֱ࣬޼
΢עֻ
ɵͬľ磬ҪͬĹЩϳ˹֮ЧʼߣԿٴﵽ磬ЩУԴ˿ɷӡ֮⣬һЩϡеĹһֱʿ߸ľ磬ʿĺ;磬ĹȻڶʿ޲䵱ֻһЩŴڲŻС
ͼɢ޳ûķ֮ڣȻʲôù΢ɵŹľķɽЩľ֮󣬿ɴľ
ȥĹҲֻô֣֮ҲⲨֻʮ΢Ȼ⼸ŹǻʵĹֻ֮ЧͲ˵ˡ
΢ԥУҲ˹
ôѡôȻ񴯣Ϊ˻൱飬ɢ޽磬ɶҪ΢ࡣ


ʮ 
ⷻеУֻֻ𣿡΢ʱһ䣬̵ͷû˵طķҲһи߽׹УҲһʱ䱻ߣɵľľͨҲˣЧߣҲ˵ˣ˵ңǰ뷻ʱҲһҪгɣ궼ģǰ£Ѿ֮ڿľķͲɽ˵ҪãǮҲҪߺܶ࣬˵ӣٵ
΢˿һپӶƷҲûôӣ΢һΪֻٺ»Ȼֵֻǧ𣬵΢ȴûֻǮ
һľĻȻҲҪʵǳ΢ԤϣȻõ
ո΢Ҳľ繦ǿȻ޼ҲܿľҪһЩǿķ͡ɽáȻõǲһӦҪһЩɡ
ǧһ仰Ū΢ûƢǧ㣬û㵽ⷻеĶȻ˹ɼ΢飬֪Լû˵ף̵ǮȻôߣɢ޵ǮҲûҶ١
΢˿һҲŵĴʱСүϣҲûʲôֵǮĶܻ
΢ЦЦУ˵żĽͼ˵ҰϰǼȻԼﻹ˻ٲãһ齣ͼӦ㹻һľˡ
һɼ΢ı飬Ͳ³ɬ󵱼λҲ˵үȹҵȻүģǾԼˣﻹľľѾˣֱӸҲ޷һҪԽ㳭¼һݣҲʡǻԩǮ
Ҳȷѣ΢ҲǷ飬ҲǻǮģҪʣЩ㶼ȥһġ
˵꣬΢㽫ҰǼȡһͷӣһҰƪһƿĵҩ΢ЩҲֻҰƪЩֵĶû˿⣬ֵһᣬ룬ȡһ齣ͼ
ɱĶʶҰȴ˵ǾҰƪҰ˵ıô
΢ЦЦûлشһҲ֪Լˣɢı˶ֻֿܣһǱ˶ᱦһ֣Ǳɱ˶ᱦҰɢ޵ҲãҲٶʡֿ˿΢ȡһɼʶ㣬Ҳ֪һʲôġ
Ҳںûʲô΢Ҳܾ͵ǽһѡ
ֵܣҪľܸ̾㣬ҪҪͷ㳭¼һˡɽҰһϲʲôͼպú˵
΢룬ľɡ
ѡľ΢ҲɣղſȻľϵȴΪȻһƪã΢Լټ΢Ҳûʱ䳭¼ԾͶľ
Ҳʹľǰ̾ʹӻȡһݸ΢
΢һȻɢһд⣬ȻǿȴΪʵ
ľã˵ǧǰʿͿʼŹֻŰˣһɣȴҪʿҪǿʴⶾ̤ľͲУȻϾɵ;ʱпһ䣬΢ҲΪȻͷûˣֻһֱٶ㣬ɵ
΢ľҲǴĿģɣʱ仹࣬΢ⷻתת
Ȼõ˷һطһ㲼Ȼӻȡһóɽⶫɱһ㣬Сķ£֮һɫųɫ·ҩ¶
ԿһҩѾڳã֮ϵѾɿݣǹ־͹ڲҩͬոڳһҶƬ֮ϣһϸܵˮ۹۲춼ˣͲ˵΢ˡ
΢Уһҩ澹һ㱦⣬Ȼ̺
ʲôҩ𣿡棬¿˿ʵһļҡͷҩֻ˵һ룬ȷһֲҩȴһĲҩݣҼǵһʫô˵ţ
ץȻǶûжīˮ벻ʱһԵ΢ԭһݿգļ죬Ȼ컯һҶ׺֮幬
գ˵һʫͷʵʲô˼΢͵ݼؾΧһ֮޲ݿɳΪһƬ򾫻һļֻһΣǰ׺׳ˣҲ幬ɺףɵ壬幬ɹ
ԭˣȻ
ʱҲһŵԣһףףֵܣԭ֪ʫ
΢ͷβ֪һ΢ĴӣνǱʫ飬ȻҲһЩɵбжԡݡд
ֻ΢Ȼ֪һʫȴδݣһȻǷͬ죬Ҷ֮ϵǼΪʵݵģʫѾ˵һ꣬ڸϳһɫ·ÿһ꣬һƣһƣݡ
ʱ뵽һ£̵˵磬ǸʲôԹĶɣ
ûżȻɽвɵһݣСԵĿǼһ뷽跨ҪŪ֡ɵͷȻ̾˿Ǻöȴ̷ֱҪʿƳҩֻ˼ηУѰ޹ټ֮Ҳ˳ȥ֣һЩԼõŵĶ
΢ǵͷлⶫ֣Թӣָ˭ˣȻ󣬵ֵĺá
˵ʵݣ΢ҲЩ뷨һ룬Լǰֻ̤ɵٶȽľãԼòϣͬ˵ģⶫҪƳɵҩã̷ֻԸ
ʶɢޣһó̾Χ
ǵı鶼һӣȣ漴һ̰ɢޣûɴУûʦָ㣬һжԼɵ֮ѣѱ죬κһΪĶǶᵱɱǹǵҩ
ݿ뵤ҩٶȣû˲ǡ
ܿɢǰʼۣɢ޷еˣȲֻۣʶԷʲô
ɢȡһ壬΢ɨһۣ΢⣬ݡ
żõһȻƷ˭֪ϡѼ赲а䣬ﲻֵ֣ܵСʿȫһټӰݡɢ޳˵


ʮ ɱ˶ᱦһ
һҡͷ٣һȴǼߣаҲ£赲Сʿȫһкãڰ̫٣ǧһǿǣԣ
ɢһȻɫѿҲ޿κΡ
һʿǰҾͳǧ
ʿһ£һȻȱǮƣ΢һǧҲ̲סһ⵹ǲǣ΢ΪˣӹĶƶ͸˵һͭǮ뻨
ЦЦƷټЩӣҾͻˡ
ʿȻҲûУҡͷⷻУʿ࣬˵Ƿ͵Ļ
ʱ΢һȴװĿһࡣﲻԶĽ䣬֮ǰԵɢһ񶾵ĿɣԹԣվһĿɢʿȻ죬С뿪кɱ˶ᱦ
΢ֻҪ˭˵
ԹҲܴ֪ǵòˣݻĶȴ־ڱصá
ͬ۵Ǹ׳˶ʿ΢죬ϸһ룬ϳǵպҰһԸԼǸɢޣ΢ѾҰ֪ɢ޵ĵϸߣСΪ
Žԩ·խСʿһԸɣڡ
΢ջǣԹȻҲԼĿ꣬Ѱɢһ֡
΢ģȻСⷻʱǰȫġ
λΣǶɻãȻ֪Ѿ˶ϡǱвʿۣô⣬ֱһɢʿóһͭǮõͭǮĶ
ҲһƷʮǮұമɣõƲ˿ߣԽӳ֣Ѿ˼꣬Ϊ䱦ǽĴʱȱһļҲΣǲӵġʿʮͣϢȣ΢УԷͷһƣΪʵ֮⣬Ա߻һΪ͸ƣȻȷ˵Ĵֻһ
ԭǻһʮͭǮȷǺöһˣɳǸɢ޹֣ͷ˵
£ǽƷǻ̾ߣ飬ҲǽϵĲһա
ֵܣǻҪʲôɻĶãʱ߹ʵ
΢һܣҡҡͷֻҪһƪľĹ˶ѣĶʱҪ
Ǿ߰ɣ˵꣬һȥǰŸߣǱԹӺߣԼɢһҲ̽
˷УûлؼңȻ֪յǼƷͭǮôȥѱ˵ǣȻӦȱܱܷͷ
һ·˹žɱǰ߸أұ˼ңλǲȥｫһҹ
΢ȻûʲôʱͻȻӦʲôɫ࣬΢λǿߡ
ߣôף죬˭߲ˡ䣬ɢ޾Ѿǽ΢˰ΧȻһ·׷Ϲ˵ǸԹӣ˿Թһ䣬ɱ
ɢҲͬһɷ֮ɫбǸߵɢޡ
ɴ˿ɫ䣬Ҳû뵽ԹӾȻôǰԸԼֻԹһˣµһƷδؾ˶ԷĸˣԼǶ֡
Լһˣ˾ˣȥү£Ȼٻ𡣿ǻ΢ˣΪԲˡ
Եģһһ˵㲻ǺЩԹֵĻǶ˷ߣºûϵʲô£һ˽ţҲңʱ
ԹЦһɣ˹Ϊ㻹к̸ıǮ˵ˣ˭Ҳߣʶ࣬ͭǮңֻɱˣ꣬ȻĻᶼûУŶҵˣֿǾ֮ͨʱɾıඣ
е֣ȻǱߵߡ
΢ϸ˿ĸɢޣСʿһûвľҲͺһˮ׼
ԼߣйͰūټԼɣкܴʤģȻ΢ʤ㶼ѹ齣ͼԼצϡ
齣ͼϴһʩչͽҰôһСʿУνǿΨһľͼ顣
צ޴˴Թ֮ĸһдУԸֻСɢޣӦҲѴ֮צҲȱ㣬ʩչ΢ֻǹ鶯СʱڣҲֻʩչһΣٶ࣬
ڻɣɸǵһƷһʤ㼫΢֪ԹӺ߻֣ȴ˿塣
ɻ֪΢д㣬˿ȴɫѿСֵܣǣһлߣ˶ڣǧҪǿƽ׶
ǿδأʿʲô˲ֲûɱոǿ˿̰γ̽һֻҲһֻɵ
ʱǱߵɫŹ֣Խ΢ԽЩ죬벻ʲôط
ʱԹȻƵ򼣬Է󣬴һ֣
ɢ޶ʱһǰʱ΢Ҳǳ
˵꣬ϣһζֵСʿ΢Ҳдϣչֳ˦ֽѪһʿѪƲǿԶԸǻҲЧУͨ˻Ϊߵʿֱӽҳ⡣
ͬʱ΢Թʩչצ
צ˺ǣУҲһ˾ͳһƤңɡ
΢ٹһʱǼɢ޻ûӦһ˾ͱѪУ˫һɣֱֱԵڵءԹӼ״֪Ƶ򼶾浲ǰһ̣ðһۿɼǱһε˺Ƭ
Թ˵Ŀ죬δУҲŵðʱҲʲô£ֵ쿪ۡ
˵˶֪𣬱йǸʩչֶοۣ˿̣ǲſ΢棬ҲɣղǵʯսҲһһ֪ô£Ͼ˺ܾõԹＫΪϤһۡ
ٿУƮһµˣ΢һ·ɲһ㣬мʶʿ̾ϳĺڻ¡
㡭ٹԹӾֵ˵֪鷳ɲͬͨһЩС˼٣ƷףؾӻҪǣ˼ұ˭ǣ


ʮһ ɱ˶ᱦ
ٿղǸѪҳʿ˿΢ͷģ΢ˣҲˡ
ɱҰˣ֣ܾۼǶ˵һ֮ڣǱɽĴ󾳡һ㶣¶̰֮ɫҰ˾ΪΪ˶ǿԾۼıԲŻ֣һһӡֻ߲ȡѵһ˻ᣬȫһɱͿɶȡȽڷգǿΪǾûʲôġ
Թ任ȴвͬ뷨ղɷѿƵ򼾹ȻǱԷһɱ˵ΪǽȫڵҲˣһɣǵĴۿɾ̫ˡ
ƵĸУһ˱壬ֻʣߺһʿԷҲˣʤϡ
ԹӲֻȥˣҾʵ㣬Ȼðգ£ҲôˣպΪгɣȻɱ뵽ҲǼΪϣǳ΢һԼӵأ֪ٴ˽٣֮ǰһнᣬ˲Ҫ׷̾ߣЩȨ
˵꣬ӻȡһСӶ£Ҫת뿪
ū΢ȴǺûһľ˵ҲͷˣΪ˵΢֪һΪҲĺ֮һʼҲûŷŹԼɣպԷ鷳׷Ī
΢ԷȫڣԼҲһ
֣֣һ΢˵꣬ȥѪƽǸʿĻֱĵĻҷѪƿרԹ飬ҪһȻǺ
Ҳǹϣڿ΢Ȼ֮־ϲͭǮɱȥһûпۣȻֻ֪ὣ΢ǰŵ͵Ϯ
ߴ˿̼΢˹ɫ䣬ȡԼǰҧĴָڶͷһܣ飬ΪѪɷ꣬ɱɱɱ
֮䣬ӿһɺӿȻʩչĳаŷһЩɷҪһɷɱ΢
΢̸оһΣϮٶʩչצ
һצ񺿣һ˶Ĺצƾճ֣ץ˹ȥɷŨȻҪצһϸ¡
һ̣ײһγȻը΢צ飬ϵɷ֮Ҳǽڽڱ飬ҲԳֳ֫۶ϣҵ꣬צɨУЩͬУߵеĲƲȫֱӻɢ
شƣ߱ˡ
צߣ΢ҲѾǺأѻصУ˿̣ɺһʿڼǺ͹Ͱū
ūʱնڸȻû΢ǰ٣Ҫסػǿġ
ؼ΢ɱߣ֪ˣǾ͵һץһҧһһѪ
ʿѪ̺һв棬ѪһܣǷ賤ķѪ棬һھѪʱһЩͨɿҧţĶ档
ֻ֪һᣬǾǸɵǸٹԷ޷Ҳɢʱٹһʤ㡣
ؿЩѪĶ΢ǱֻһСŮѾԷʿֻѰߣٸߣҲвԼĶ档
ۼĶ棬ҲЩͷƤ飬ٸߣҲûְƴСĿĶ棬м׳棬򼣬һЩвֵĳӡ
˦ķɵһֻ涤ڵϣҪҧֽǰ΢ںһס
Щܲ򵥣һҧһǿɲǿЦģ΢ȻԸգȡһ齣ͼչ
ͼӿһӰɲ֮䣬һλֽĽͳʩչһ׾׵ĽЩӿĶһⱻնɱһܽȥشʧɫͻһӰ嵽ǰӽնŵĴһҪ˶㿪ȴһ͸о۾ʹһֱѾնء
һ̣΢齣ͼľžһֽ
һĻɼʿʱǻƷ
ʧ֮䣬ɾץסᣬͭǮݺݵڶԷϣͭǮǼӳ˽һʯҲ飬οԴʱʿͱ
ɶò֮̽ʿԷɱ
ĸʿѾֻʣ˶һ۵ڵ۵Ĵƿν˲任ص˱Ϊǿʮþȣȴû뵽ֽ֣֪ؾΪ̰΢ˡ
֪Լɣȴǵ۾ɱңԻڣţǾƣΪپ˲𣬲һƷѡ
ͷϻأܡʱĺˮǰȥͭǮͽصͬԷصĻ
ɳ΢һݣү۲ʶ̩ɽ˷үɱɣһݡ
΢æҲӣҪл΢
үҰ㣬һǾҵûæ֮ǰͱǼһﺦˣ⣬Ҳ˼ĲˣǹǾҵϹ٣Ҽ㣬ȻҪݡҸղҼүһȻӵƷܣɱѪĶ棬նһֱֱۣҽľ˵ʵռ˴ˣлǾͲˡ
ȻģªȴǶõ΢Ҳû
֮˲ſʰ⼸ʿʬ壬Ȼо飬ʬ弯һӵУȡһƿ׷ȥȻһѻ˸ɸɾľʬ屻ճɷɻң΢Ҳ̾˿غߵΪɱ˶ᱦϧԲɱһ˻ǣ˵Ӵ֮أû⼸˴ڵĺۼҲʿ֮ĽһʧܣҲѡ
ʬ壬뿪Ȼҹζ࣬һֱ߰￪⣬ͣϢ
ص˵ĲϼƳ֮⣬һЩҩ׭ʩĲϣҪȫ΢΢ֳݣԷһݡ
΢һӵʮǸоӲ˺ܶ࣬ЩǮ㹻ǻ
ɱ˼ҽһҹڶ죬΢뿪Ȼ൱ˣҲʶһ˾٣ʵڰסҲӦˡɿ֪ɹģһпɽǴҪ΢΢˹ɢ޽飬ʱش


ʮ ֮
صСԺһʺƵ΢һЩʳ߲ˣŪһٺóԵģ֮΢ʽľ
֮ǰ΢ǰǰϰߣȫ¼һ顣
ôҲΪ˸õϤϰ鷨νһáҳ¼һľ΢䴩ΪᣬҲҲһŹ
΢ԼۣڷǼֹľõģô÷Ҳֻ֪֮
ɵ𣿡õľȻ൱˷ܣ΢ȻҲʶı֣˿΢¼ľ
ɵ٣ȴģǽһɣΪСʿǸոţʿż˲٣Ҳ࣬һжԵԺʣܵⱾǻԵôͿԺˡ΢ֿЦ˵ҲŹɸҺұһȿ˭ľ
ͦصʲôңдֻȲү£δػ䡣ֻү㲻Ѿôֹ
΢һǿڵǹ˶ֻֻ֮ؾĻ˲ƫţΪгɣҲֻܳɹɣȴҪͳ˲˺ܶ࣬ɵǴұȻҪ̤ɵ֮;
Ȼͷү˵ĶԣӦĹûȥʲôģ㡣
ȥɣ΢˵꣬Ц˳ȥ
£΢㿪ʼжľûļһʼǽƪͨ飬ϸϸƷζ֮󣬲ſʼľƪ
֮ģʲôģ
ļ֪黯ܸģɵƣ棬٣ģҪѰ;ȸ򵽡ԼĴڣ֮󣬲ܿҪߵ·Լ֪ںδѰ
ľĹʵ϶ǴͬС죬˵ľǹŴ֮ʮַͨƪɿ֣ľȴҪദһࡣ΢дһ飬֮ͨȴвͬĳ֣صıǹ⣬ⱾŴ֮ľÿһֶɻȱƪȻѶմ˷ģȻͬ졣
΢Ѿ֪ľһΪ׶ΣΪСʹ󾳽磬۴С磬ƷסƣԣĵƷҲͬʯһ㣬Ϊ񡱡ġһɫ覡
ƷףҲá
΢˿ϸСʿͷƣƴʵȷʡ
Щɢޣʵ鸡ͬһǲҲ˵Ƕġͬ磬ƷԽߣӦԽá΢˿һľȴЩԥ
΢Ը񣬼ȻҪҪߵġġȥΪѾ˹ڿءĹȻˣΪβܽ綼Ʒʣ
ܰ쵽ɾͱȻ춯ء
Ȿľ΢ľٶС磬ҿԴﵽġƷʣһ޷ٴﵽġ
΢ԼΪˣȻҪҪãɵǲģǴɵ;ƷʣҪͷǾġ
ôⱾľҪҪټ
΢ȷⱾɢ޷򵽵ĻȻ޷Լɡ覡ģľ԰ʿģͳΪŵ֮ˡ
ǲĪǾôһֱɺţһֱҲĵĹ΢Ҳ̤ܲɵ
ʱɾ;˵ˡ
΢ʱЩԥһϰߣ˼߶ʱϲһЩʱ΢־ͽϵľ
ľͷ΢һֻߣûµʱ棬Ҳһֻ֮΢ûҵ𰸡ľ֪УȻǽһʮͻ㱵״̬
΢ƪľֶһ֮ȴǻлʶصⷨ⣬֮⣬ںȻģֹˮһ֪Ϊǿбģ׿Խһɫǧ𡣡
΢䡯һ죬ȴȻֹһ˲䣬΢ͻȻȲ˵Ӻζ΢ʽղһλд£֮Ѱ˼ղȻԼġ
ֻԺδ
΢˿һǺڲľһǱľ΢ٶһ飬ȴûֱúҲһҲֻҡͷġ󡱣ֻ֡Լƣͬ£߾ɫֻּɿһΣһһҪٿȴˡ
΢ԣȥǿ󣬵ղһ΢ȴǳ֪ɾ͡Ͼġ֮ǧ񣬰ϾľҪϾģǧ
Ȼľһ֣ǹֻǸΪ·֮ãҪԼԡ΢˼Ƭ̣ľ㿪ʼľ
£գ֮ɽ΢ľɻ㼯Χһ΢ʮֽʱǰһҹ鶯СǲΪӪԺ׽ľ磬ҲǷԣͬϴȤÿһγԣ򶼲ͬ
һҹ΢Ϊû˿չľȴ࣬ľҲǸһ¥
ļ춼ˣ΢ĥΪû˿Ⲣ΢Ҫ֪΢Ѿľģ΢ʲľۼٶȱȳҪʮкüΣ΢оԼֻҪٽһɿľĴţֻǰһΣԶȥ
һ΢ľ֮Ѿ¯ĵزչ
£գ֮һ¹ȥ΢ְ֮࣬Ҳû£´Ĳ¶ǰ׽öǹ綼ֵԽԽڼ䣬Ҳȥһ˫˼ҵ˵˵Ѱ˷Ļǣ˫Ȼʮ˸УǾȥοһȥ˾ȻҲͬá
ҹɫŨ΢СԺдľ磬ͻȻһ紵΢΢΢ۣͰūСԺС
ū΢ٻ磬ЭߵԴӹѧϰķţֻһ΢ûٻūȴҴҸȻΡ
ٿūɫЩţһ·ȣɢ֮΢üͷһ塣ȻūǱ÷Ҫ֪ͬ壬޲΢ѯô£Ժ˺ǳΪӵܶùү׾


ʮ 
һ⻰΢֪˵֮˶Ȼ˰ūʿ׾ȥͦթ˵ģϧ΢ûȷԷУЩУٴˡķš
΢Ҳ̤磬ȻҲ֪һЩͳа˿̰ū¶־֮ɫ֮ɢ֮ơ
΢״ǴŭūԼĹͣʲôʱ˶ҶԷáҪūŪĻɢԼȻǲ޶ԡ
΢ȡһȼڵϣԹū֮СԺж΢˫һͭ䡯ѾľϵǷһ⡣
˿ʿһʮ£һʮ£ʿҪŶ룬һȥоһһʱҽһˤڵء
ʿȻҲЩ£̷Ӧʹʩ˷ﶨȻѣǶаʿȦ֮һټͬţǴԪҪеһ
ʿЩԥСʦ֣һ·׷Ƕ˭֪ǶթҶʩչԻ˵·ʧȥǶټ֮Ѱ׷ٵȻԶƣҲпܸǸ˶ǡ
ʲôĪʦƢ֪˶֮Ȼ𷣣ҿ϶ǸղСԺǸɣסĪҪԣ˾ͽˡʿС
ʿһҲֻӻȡһŻƷͷһ˦ǻƷ̻һʮɸߣһը
ȻһִѶʽСԺе΢״η壬ղǶС΢ɿ˵ĶԻ
Ѿ׶ԷӦǸ˹Ҫʹ
΢׶Ȼǲ£ҶԷ֪пϴȴɴԼĹִͣţҪԷһЩʲô·
춯ҲǾὣԺУ⼸Ȼû޳ľ磬Ҳýʩ˿̲΢ѣ΢ڵķſۣİū̱үô£
ū꣬˵ѯʣҴ·ʿǲ׾ҪץңʱʩֶСһǣȴû뵽ʿ൱ҵвǴˣһ·˻
΢һ֪ū˵û
ū΢ĹͣȻδ̤鶯СҲһ»ҰܱģһЩ˻ʿˣȻԷʵ
̫ҵҪʲôôŰ衣ҲǴŭҪųȥ΢ȴ£Ϊ˿̣΢Ѿ˲˵ĽŲ΢ܳȥʱǳ˲Ǿ鷳ˡ˿΢˵ʲô
Ժ⣬ʱ߰˸ʿһɫ࣬۵Ϊ׵һϵʿһ̴һɵɷ磬üдŰɫ֮ǰǸʿԪҵԵĶˣ
ǽԪʿָСԺʦ壬ҺһۼǶСԺҶ˱ȥǶȴû뵽˱˵ĵ
ϵʿǴԪȥ£
˵ŤͷһСԺмҵʲôԭֻһЩϲ̨СС֮
˵꣬ͷߵǰ͵һ߳һͬǧһ㣬Ʒһֱӽľ˸顣
漴⼸ʿŶ룬΢ԭźͶԷúۣ˵ȥȴû뵽⼸ʿ˰裬ȻֱŶ룬΢ͻȻû֮˼¾ԼҪ˵ʿΪӱζָ¹ΪԷҲԼڽƱѡ
΢֪һЩʿΪͷŰ裬ٸɷԼܷ˼ࡣһ΢Ϊµɹ٣ΪˣһЩԭ΢Ҳı䡣
ǸԪʿ˿̳Ժ΢Լеİūһת̵ʦ壬ȻһаޣҿǴ˱ָʹǶԡ
΢һһͷһƣ֪СʿҲɫһǲҪҵˣϢ֮뿪Ը
СҲ·ͷҲһޣϢ֮ڣҴԪʧ֮ԼԵĶƶ̣Ȼݹƶ档ϵһӣۿ΢ΧʿǶ΢ŭĿӡ
ϵǲˣͷ֮ϣƣȻĴ󾳵ʿ
΢ȴŭЦϵʵ˵ǽԪһĵʿԵĶ𷣣ָ¹Ϊݺˣţ
˵꣬Ԫһɫ԰ףԪһתҧǰʦ壬˶ȻҪĪš
ϵͷ۶΢аħϲƱ磬˵˵ҴԪˣһȡǵҴԪ֮ҴԪˣһɫƣ浱ҴԪˡ
˵꣬һۣȵɳʯ
һ̣һɿϵӿֱ˲Ϣɷ磬ϯ΢оԼһǽײһ㣬ȻȥͨվҪúܶ࣬΢ˡūǱ㱻ɢڸոհūҲǻָ٣ǻ΢ԾСԺ
һСԺǲƲļӣݶƷɣһԺǽҲǺȻԺҲǶᣬеĸǲ֪ȥ
ԨµլԺȻǳģ΢ǺٺҲѹסͷһŭһԪԺݣܺã΢ۻ
ûǸᣬһʿ׷΢˿ǰνʹ̣ūҪ赲ȴ潣һˣҽһײɳȥԶ
ۼֿ΢ֽǵʿսһֻգ֮䣬£ɼ൱
΢֪ˣ۸ˡ΢ʲôϣػ
ԭѡ񣬿ǳֽʿܹ˼Լǵʿδľ磬ȴǽ׿Խǿ
֮ƣֻʹʦ齣ͼɱ̫ʤ΢ŭҲͷⴿԪֻ棬ûеಫĵز
£΢Ҳ벻ʲôĿǰ˻һͼδѧվͼֻȡһ齣ͼ˿ʿҲ׷ϹΧ΢ٲԥչһ齣ͼ
ͼ֣
ãϵһʶ֮ˣ״Ǽٳͷһΰγһ̴ӰУʮײĴ죬΢еһ齣ͼֽмϵҲǺȻްѾǿӡ


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ոһֻǷڵʯ֮䣬༸ʿ˿̲ŷӦһ¶ǾǸոһͼϵ֣ǿɾˡ֮⣬ǿ֪ϵʵ˾Ĵ󾳵ʿԪΪŵǰϵףȻǱһͼˣǱƵֱۣǰδе顣
ԷһֵͨҲˣƫƫֻһͼ
ԭһϵ˿Ҳ֮ɫ˴뱲ӣҲ΢ʩչʲô
һͼȻ˽裬ϵоԼ⼸Ľˡ
㾿Ǻˣϵǳʵ΢ֻǾӦŪ׶Է·
ոϵо΢ֺγǣ齣ͼɱ񹷣ɱҰˣ𶾳棬ǸﵽСɢ֮£ҲǱնһۣǶϵȻûռ˿ˣ⻹ͷһΡ
΢֪ʦԼкܶ·Ҫߣ齣ͼҲǰΰٲҩһЩĶ֣һսͼͲˡ
ϵĴʿԲܺ齣ͼƴ൱΢֪ʱչ¶ˣ黹֪ҪôճԼܲסԷ΢һյġ
һ΢ϣ⼸ʿгɵʿ׷ʱѾۣ̿΢֡źɫ£ѪƣһɢͳϢôԪĵʿһĿɿڴ
㡭ϵ˵ѯʣȻѾ֪ûǹٷѪƣеؾϢô˼١
Ԫһ˿ҲѾѪɫãԷǿͳ٣ؾԷôָܻʹԣ
ȻǵȷŪˣԭҪʹôŪȥû뵽ȻôԪתһ룬Σƹ磬˼ɲ٣ѵͲָʹԣ
ǳԼԵĶһλ٣̫ˣԴԪĹأԼ뱲ӹ뿪һܻܵϷǱΪɡ뵽Ԫһ£ʿǿǵλȻǰ˺֪ŹţطˣȥԪһᣬף˵ƾ϶ָʹԡ
뵽ԪԭλүҴԪ˾ˮˮ֪ΪҪʹȡҴԪĪҴԪˣԪȻΪߣҲݲñ衣
˵úãҲҴԪԪⷬ⼸΢סĵʿ˿ҲǿΪǿеķŭһǰۣá
΢Ԫ˸Լʧְ飬ȴƫƫҪڱϣڸģŪļơ
΢ǱߴԪϵΪ΢Ҫ֣ǰסԪ޵ʮأ޵ľǿԪͬź󱲣ȻҪԪ˵Ļ
λĪҪɱڣƶȨΪߣҲһӲͷ£ǲƶһ˵Ǳһ£ұȥ˾ҲҺۡȨʱ˵
΢ǿѹͷ֮Ȼ֮ʣһִ󣬶ԼҲûкôϹٻ²Ȼڣ
þǲȻöԷƿԣҪݺݳʹݵСˣ˶ΪǺ۸ģһЩ֪Լ˵٣ɡ
뵽΢ϵȨŶ㣬֮ʩҾҲ㣬ǿʶãȻˣ㴿ԪҲҺͱһġ
кβңȨм˵
ҰԵĶʱˮʯ֤ԪݣֻҪ󣬵һԪΪڶǴԪ΢ⷬ˵İʮ㣬ȨȻţһ󣬵Ȼû̴Ӧ
¿ɶǿЦģǵڶ£ԪȻֻССɣҲǴ꣬˼ңĪǻ˴Ԫܴ衣
Ȩʢŭ֮ԷɳʯƵ΢СԺҲЩڣҲûбķӣ뵽ԷȻǹթԼ뵽Դһȣ̵ãɵģָΣ
Ա꣡΢һһ˵£˶ǺȻ˸¡
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ԪһǺ罬£ô£ʵǲ˵࣬һǰ˵Ԫݺק˻
Ԫ֪ˣֻӲͲţҵǶ
΢˵꣬ʩ·С
˼Ĺһ£ΧѲεСĪҲӣһ;ХΧͶƤС
бйߣ֮⣬ףϰϾţҲǸԨСԨƷ٣ҲǼȮ죬ЩСеĿ죬еĳְеһɭɭһһ֧ʣһڣСࡣ
үСһ֣΢У΢ѾƷ٣ЩСǹΪٸߣٴ󣬼΢Ҳ
΢ͷΪֻСû뵽һãСҲð¡
үкηԸߴ˵΢ˣȻѯʣʱЩСɫƵĶŴԪ⼸ʿĪǺЩʿҪЩСΨ²ҵ֣ȻһԾԾԣĦȭƣЩСаеģΪ鶯ңһﵽ󾳣ȨҲǡ
ĴȻɵ͹Ȫ󾳱ȣϾҲ˲٣Ͼһ硣
΢Ե˵һ飬Сƿڴ΢ţͳȥˡ
СƢãƽʱ㲻ǣǶҪ£ˡ
һţӣҿʲôƨǶҷţȻ˵ү͵ǶޣүǶõĹүҪʲôöûУ͵ǵĶһС
ԪߣһССɶѣ˵ԪΪߵҲ󾳣Ȼ٣Ϊϰһм
Ҳ䣬ȴ΢˰֣ס첻ԡ
ǲ̣ѾʹԪλ˶ģֻҪǸԵĶף£һ˹̸λ΢żС˹֣ǼСæ֣үأܼ£Ϣ׼û
ʱǸűʺ;ڵСүǿֵܣɲҪӡ


ʮ ˮʯ
ǹȴһЦ΢үģ˵һ֪ǴԪʧһ£ȴ֪
˵꣬˷ǸڳȨ˵˼ƶ֮֮ѲһƬ򣬴Ԫǰյ򲻴ҲǾȥһЩҲǺǴԪһЩԵ£ȴǴԪˣΪʱҲڳǱĶˣү޹ء
һ⻰Ԫ˶ɫ䣬Ԫ鼱תȴָŹ֪ǲǹٹ໤ҿտƾ
ʿһҲ
ȴ۶ԪСˣͷ֪ڸģ˺˵˵СԺ̡֮ܰСʿ׷ԶȴԷԷۣԸҶһҪ֪רЩ˵Ĺ»ҰҲһ·׷٣Ѿ֪̽ǶϳҲС˶죬үڸȥǶǱ֮˶Ȼûߣ϶߾񡣡
΢һҲǴϲͷߡ
˵꣬壬һһСȥԪȨ˴˿ѾСϵ˿ҲЩˣһԪŵҲȥôһ¡
Ԫڸ˵ֻǿţղŹ˵Ļġ
һǰһҹ䴩УΪΪ߿٣ʮأƹһӣ㵽һڡ
ﵽǹ»Ұһ̫ɽ֮󣬾˴ϹľǿṩݣһƼãȴǳ
ǰ棬͹ߵȼСȽڣһ̣ͼХȻСѾ˶˷΢ɨһ۴ԪˣǴȥ
һĹѨڴСںͼֻģ׺ݵĶ˵Ǽ򵥣ǶСﶼ˼Ĺǳѹơ
ǼȴһʿԿСԹǵΪȻʱҲЩκβöԷ
ȴΪʿһһ鴮ʣ΢źԶԿ鴮ϵı
ʿƣбǱʽ֮ɫȻ
Ȼⱦֻ΢ܼѾִ֪ǴԪʧԵ
󾳵Ĵڣͷĵ𣬶ʿͷҲֻƣӦĴ󾳵ʿʵϲƫƫκβöԷÿһγ֣ᱻִӿһϢ£Ĺϴƫƫûа취
ٿʿ£ʮ£òֻ¶һ˫۾һ˫۾˿Ҳ¶֮ɫȻû뵽ͻȻ֮ҵ
΢ͺȨˣʿɫһ䣬ҪߣñһһԷ·
Ȼʦү鴮ԭңȨһԷ鴮ϳǴԪʧ֮ŭڣ˿֪֮ǰˣ£ʦүıҪ¡
£γ̴߽֮˽ǴԪѧ˿ɵȨȺգ֮ѾǰߵʿҲǼæʩ˫˲ʱ䣬һ֮ǰߵն棬һ֮ײ˸飬ߵҲɢֻȨ̹һֱԷţʿæܣȴǱ沼¶ա
ʯȻ㣿ȨһˣʧеڴʱǱʯʿ͵ҧ⣬һѪȨæ󳷣ٿʯѾǳûߡ
ոȨ֮󣬹ߺ͹Ǿֻ֣ͣǳûǼץסȻɽۻʯҲȥ׷ϡ
˵ĿѾﵽ׽ҵĶҵĻ֣ľͲǹˡ
Ȩ⼸ԪʿΪߵģ׷Ƭ֮۷Ȼû׷ϣˡ
˿̴Ԫĵʿһͷǵ
Σǻʲô˵ŲӺ΢ҲǺЦʵϴӿʿ֮΢֪ԼϵɾǴԪĵʿ֪ܣҲûٸԼͷˮ
ڹͰūһֱ΢࣬ȫǿֻһԲԹʮ㣬Ϊ΢ƽΪԼԲҶ˵˿̼ǼԪʿƿԣ֪ˮʯ˿ҲǻԹŭ֮ӿǸԪҪ̻
ɲ֮䣬һֱûͻΪ鶯Сİū˿̾ȻΪԹ֮ͻˡ
΢ӦͷЦЦɨһѾŵɪɪԪŶȨΣ
̶֣ôԪ޵ݡ
ȨƤ˶ƿԣѾ֪Ӧþͬ˵Ԫһµ𷣣Խʹһˣŭ˵ʵ
ͨһСһֱӹڵϣ߶½
ʦ壬ҺԪʦ治ǹģʵǾŮԵĶԲšһû˵꣬ȨһŽߵ֪дȴǽʹԪ㻹ʲô˵
ԪʱҲǹڵϣȨͷʦ壬ҴˣʦףһΣԸ꣬ʮ꣬Ӵ˿޵ٲԪһ
ȨˣһʼԪϴ黹ֵ˵زڣ˵ʲôҲûˡ
΢һԲһԣôۿţΪԷڮֻعԨƲԪܶѡ
Ȩ΢˵֪ûǳ΢һȻһ۹ؿͷԪ̴ֱ̳ӴԪԽԪʹȥֱʹȥ
һĻ΢ĿƿٲԷΪ΢֪ԪΪϣٲ̤ɵڹԪԼлҷ˲ؾֻɱɹԪɱ
ԪȨ˽̧ߣֹ΢֪Է˵ľֵڶֻ£΢Ҳò
Ȩ˿ѾȫްĴʿǴ˿΢ǰûκνĵط뵽ΪԼôԪ˲ǴԪǧˣѴ̡
˿ȨоϣָΪȻҪԷΪǱ߹͵õ΢⣬ǳ󾳵ĴΪȨҪ˲٣練ơ
ԷΪҲ޲Ҿ֮ʱεȰ裬ĪˣˣԪһҪ𣬵ȻǴԪҲ֮࣬΢԰ݷãǡ΢úͶԷ˵ٻС뿪
ڣǹЦʹ죬̫ʹˣ˷ǽѵЩţһ٣ץ˼ͨҪʵˬ졣
΢һҲһ㶣˿Ǽסļϸϣ⼸ͨĶޡ


ʮ ɸΪ
ϳЩ֮΢ҲǹһЦ
ʱֵ˷ץס⼸׹үģ£ҵҲϹ١
΢ƴһֲЩСҲͲټֹ֡ԼҲкôнᣬǿ˭ˡ
Ѻͼ΢ǷСԺ˵طɫѾ⣬һҹ£΢ҲǸпѡ
СԺǽһƬ΢ЦȴδвӣСԺӱƾɣóһļӣã΢Ҳͷ
ʱ΢ΪβȥԪӣͷһڶ΢һ̯û˵ԪҲǴɵɣʦҲ޳ɷĴڣȻûˣ˼ΪߵģҲ󾳣ȥӣһ˼Ҷ֣ҿԡҸʱ䣬ǸҲҪȥǵķӣͿôˣҲǸһ̨¡
ŻȻϸϸĥúеһζȶԷʵŵԣǿɾĳˣνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬǶԷ΢һԪҲж£ǱҲ΢أȲʧٹ˶ԷܻɸΪ񲯡
һβ֮΢ľһΣ΢ԸоֻҪǰһɳɾС΢ȴͣ۷Ʒζһ
Ҳӵľ΢ˣûԡʿԵһ磬ͻƣΪʱҪɵǼ󣬶ľȴǿԸһֵ֮һ£µĿȻ΢԰ٰ㴸Լľ磬覡
֮ȥ޲Ժǽᣬ΢ǱŲһ죬΢ˣʮοͻƣûУ΢֪ԼһͻƣǡġƷʣԳɾ͡һɫġסջѹΪ΢Ŀ꣬Ǹһġġ
ֻһΡ˵Ƿģôܷɡġȴδ֪֮΢ҪԣΪһɾ͡ġǽĳɾͱȻһɾ͡ġ֮ͬڣͬɡġʿ΢Ķ֡
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һ΢ľһɿ˿ɲУȻٶȴһЩۿۣȴȫġ
΢һμͻƣ˻֮СԺ֮⣬ȴ֮
ڣӦȥȥˣ΢ǺЦǰšŰľոװãոµģſ֮ȴվϵʿǸȨ˿һΣ΢ͷ񣬺͵ŶİԵģͬһˡվȨǰģһµϵ
΢Ŀȥϵͷ֮ƣҶǻޱȣеһ覴ãȴʵ΢֪ϵɵǡġƣǰĴСмǾСС硣
Ҳ˵ϵ󾳵ʿ
ʣԷǴԪԨ΢⼸Ҳ̽ԪλʮһɽУȻɲ󣬴ϵֻʮʿҲеģʦԪΪߣǷʿֻһɷɡ
ġ顢ء顢Ŀԡ֮¾Ŵ󾳽磬һ磬֪ĴԪǺε
ⴿԪӳ۳ٶŴԪͽգɵҲԪͷνǶʢֻ֮󣬴ԪͻȻʧ٣Ԫ˥Ѿ˵ĸΪߵģҲֻԨʿޡԪһ׾ԪƷ
³ȨǰϵԨ΢Ҳд󣬹һ񣬵֪٣΢ʧԶӭ
޷޷ƶðȻǰϣҪŵֲ١ԨȻȨȻͬͬҩͰһըԨȴˮ
΢˽˿ԺﻹûȫʰЩңԨȻ֪Լʦĺ£ȴεĿһȨ
΢һ裬Ȼ΢ЦȨ˵˻ȥԨ˿̾˿ֲ٣ʦܶ˵ˣµʱƶպñչԲųӣǴԪʦµֲ֮ܲԩգƶרǰ
˵ţȻ΢һ΢æȨҲǾʦֲˡ
ɶ˾Ȼ޷Ԩͷ·һεһ㣬΢󾪣֪ԨΪߣٿԷͷƣʵƣȻһƣ˵ԨӦúܿҪ̤ؾ
ʿȻĸԸһľṳ̂˵ͷ΢֪Ԩʵ⣬ȻԷĿ΢ҲΪҪԼջصڶԼ
΢ҪһЩôԨϣҲǰˣֱӹֵ΢֪ɣղ֮Ҳֻȥ˴Ԫɿˡ
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£΢ҲǸмޱȣǴԪģ˼ҵլԺҲԼʦܸٵģԨȻǹⲻȥ
˿̿˿΢ֲԸʹԪԵƶмֲҲ֮ˣǮ֮ǿϣƶֳһԪƷҪ͸ֲ٣ǴԪĶл⡣
˵꣬ӻȡһṦݸ΢΢˫ֽӹ
ԪƷǴԪɾѧ߻ʿȺö΢ȻֱЦɡ
˶Ǣ࣬˱֮裬ԨֲֵܺٻɸΪ񲯣ҲҴԪĸԵ
˵ֿ꣬˿ǽϹŵһһճͼҲ΢ʦʱ֮΢úһ㣬һ㶪ȴǾúÿŹ


ʮ ˴
˿Ԩһһ䣬̷²豭һճͼ֮ů⣬־︴գ˻Ļ⾹Ȼ͸ֽһͼ
΢һЦҲϲõࣿ
ԶһֲٱǲԶˣԨ֪֮ģʵ黭֮Ҳ൱ٹһīãһϣԨΪԵãԼɵΪΪ黭֮
񿴵΢һͼԱ֮£֪˫ࡣʦȨᵽֲһͼˣʱԨпۣ֮һͼôܱһ֣οȨĴ󾳵ʿ
ڣԨҲЩˣһ̣Ͳסеĺ棬ѯʵֲ٣ʦܱȨ˵ֲٵĻ뻯һͼԵֵƶ֮࣬Ҳϲ黭֮һ֮롭ƶ뿴ǽͼ
΢֪ԨҪʲôȴЦкβɡ
˵꣬һȡһõ齣ͼݸԨƽ֮Ĺͼἤͼ
ԨͷýͼչֻһƮݽͳֽһվǰһ㡣
һͼԨûһ㻳ɣ۾Ź⣬ָҲЩ¡о黭֮ҲʮͷҲǾ粻ȴû뵽һɽһɽߣ⻭ԼͲ̫ࡣһͼ̺һ˿Ȼͬһ㣬֮ԼӴ߶ֻ߸ܵɱ⣬еĽƺͻһԾ
һ̣ԨиӦȻɢһɱ⣬˲ʱ䣬սͼ΢״æɡ
Ȼ΢˵ʲôҲˣͼ֣ԨָΪȻǺǽ⶷һ죬գ֮䣬ԨȻСӺͽͼƬ֮ԨָһѹͼһƬȻľ
΢ĿɿڴԼ齣ͼжǿȻȨҲǺͽͼ൱û뵽ԨͼȻ顣
ȻԨΪԼϣֶȫ¶ϵʿһ֮С
ȻΪһУҪ죬ҲҪΪϲУʲôط
ʦǿеָѾĵزʦ֣ȨȴǲȨ˿ҲǸ̾һԨ΢Ǹ˼ոУԳֶȴǻֲٵһͼ
΢֣һ齣ͼҪһͺˣҸո΢һһͼҲӦһٻ⽣սͼ΢Ȼ
ʱˣȨһʿһĲ˵ţӵʿôˣĪǻǵᡣ
Ԩһȴ۾һͬʲôһ㡣һߣ΢æֹܡ
ԭֲٵãƶһѯʣСԨʱʵ
ͷҲûʲôġ
Ȼֲ٣ƶûп壬ĺãڼɾͱƶ֮ϡԨ漴ѯʦС
£΢Ҳܺ棬ΪˣҲ֪յǸʲôˣֻ֪ǵԳ¡
΢һȻÿҹǵգͬǶλҵʦ˽⡣
Ԩһ֣ȴ˼漴ɫ䣬Īɡôᣬⲻܣǡ
֪ʦ˭Ԩƺ֪ǰ֪ʦ˭
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΢ǹһЦǺ£벻ӻԨԴǽٲҪȥˡ
ʱƶڡԨشʮ档
ܾ뵽ⲢǰʦֻҲûʲôɣүˣ󻹻鷳Լ似Ҳܰæ
΢ԨȨԷ³̸֮黭֮Ԩûˣ鷨ܸʤһɣ΢дһٳϼϴ᳾壬ҡͷ̾鷨Ҳǲˣܴ
ôԪһţ󾳵ʿȻˣ˵ȥǶ˻š
ת۱ƻ裬У΢Ԩ̸ŨԨܽύ΢٣ҲǺ¡
ʱԺһٵ
ʦ֣ȨȻӦԨҪһЩʾⲻҪСϾ΢٣йҲ
΢˸ǸȥȴһĽվſڣ΢߼æүظá
ڣǰ첻Ǹȥǲǳʲôˣ΢Ҳʮֲ죬ûмż
߿˿ԨȨû˵΢֪϶漰Ĵ¡Ԩε˿ֲ٣йƶ㲻ˡ
룬ȥλ΢֪ڲǿʱܳȥͿ͡ʱ򣬹߲ŵүǻߣ·Ϻ˵
쵽ʱ΢֪ʲô˵Ϣ΢ҲĿɿڴ
ƷѲ򵣬ȻǱɱɢ
֪Ҳ࣬˷¾͸¶ȥ˭йܣϷ
΢Ȼ֪
ȻǱѰҪ֪ΪףǰƷ٣˭Ļֱ꣬ڴ
֪֮΢ҲûʣǼӿٶȣ븮֮ڣɫԨ
ֵܣԨûзϻֱӴ΢︮ڷֲһ
ȻԨΪܿ죬΢֪ԨƷ٣л֮Ȫģ˵֮Ȫһտɵֵϱ֮
ٿԨͷĵƣѾǹ󾳣ٶѾǽ൱ˡ
򵱻ɱ֮£֪ˣԨֱ⡣
΢ͷ˵ˡ
Ԩ̾˿ҲЩ飬սҸεģΪ֮ϣû뵽Ȼɱ˷ؾӦ֪Ѿɢ֮ΪܸߣֶκȻһ˿л궼û£Ϊ£ѾѾϻҽȴΪһλҲͿ˳Ȼʸ񻹲һ㣬һҲǻѵãΪƾ㵱ǰƷѲΣҲȥһ


ʮ 
Ԩ˵ļΪ棬иǳһҰġ
΢пȴŬеļϸһԨлΪ΢룬ң΢ûʲôҵġ
Լֵܣ˵ʲôĻǹָһѣλҲкôһþͻټйǰ£ΪֽȽҲǰ֪һ⣬ƾȨλӵ˿ɲ٣ܲܳ£ҪһҲҪŬҪ֪ƷѲΣٵǹ鶯󾳵ΪСԨ΢˵
鶯󾳣΢˵£ʱ˼δġϣѹûСڵĹΪֻ鶯С΢Ը⣬ľΪ鶯ӦûףֻΪϣ˻ܴ
ȻԨ뵽һˣΨһ鷳Ϊǹǿḯʴһֻ鶯󾳣𺦵ҲѾ統һ꿪˵֮󣬿ɱʴ굤굤굤¾磬㶼赣ĸʴȻҲͬɵ˫ͬޣͬʴֻ֮ڣ˭ͬʱɵ͹УҲţ󲿷֣ĳɾҲǷ߲ɵͲ͡˵ǵҪʵʱҴȥ
ʱԨƺʲô£΢ˣ£ȥһкô
΢һ׹ԼҲ񣬽ʩ΢һĴڣû뵽лȥֻ΢ûԨ˵Լкôʲô˼
Ԩ΢磬˶һ֮⣬رԸϣʵǿ졣
Ԩ˴ſڣԨŵţͷ˵˼䣬΢ԵȣȽȥ
΢ͷڵǰƬ̣Ԩܿʧҡͷɰڵڣձ޴˽ȥˣҲ֪ʱܻȻȥɣ
Щ΢ҲЩʧûж룬Ʒ٣ֵĹɣԼȣһһǵ£ȴȻãҲ΢ĺܿԨʮʧڣȻкܴĺôϧϧ
ԨȻ֪΢൱⣬Ϊ΢鷨Ǵ΢ȥݼ򣬿϶Ը΢ôٸйٵ֪󣬶ȻС΢ϻ̳Ͽֵĸͽᡣ
ʱһСԨݵˣة˽ү̻ȥ˵Ҫ̣үҲˡ
Ԩһæ΢ϻظá
ڸټƶǰλйѾǰ棬ѾۼʮڻٸѪƵĹ
ЩϾ⸮֮еĹˣۣνǹݺᣬƶڣҲأΪеĹ֪ΪʲôټΪΣΣ˭ǿճİƷѲ֮λĶ˿ʼҪλŪ֡
Ԩ΢ϻ֮ǰӺ˻ˣôȥ븮ةˣҲǵȼˡ
⻰˼ڹԨûмʱԨҲǵһʱ٣ȻԷ֮⣬ҲǴϵ࣬ˣոȥ˳۵øλõȣʵǱǸ
ӺȴһԨ̧Ҳ˵ʲôõٶ֪ԨһϵˣȻҲûԨվ̨²ӺȻҲк̨Ҳҵû˵ǺԨԼйһȥ븮ةˡ
΢վڶУĹ󲿷ûмֱ̬죬ΣҲţͷ棬΢һͷ˵ĹȻҲŹĺڻٷҲǿ۽硣ȻΡɫɫĹУΪҲǧ
ӵۣ΢ԿÿһΪԼ֮⣬û鶯С鶯󾳣龳ľʮձˡɵʿͬʿͷǹһ鶯С鶯󾳣ĹͷĹ𣬶ϣģ΢ȻһĹ
磬鶯֮飬Ȫ𣬾Ȫ󾳽硣
ǹɫȻΧĹȻһΧΧǹȻΪԽߵλԽߡ
΢ǰüЩȻǿճİƷѲιλЩһﾺԼʤ㡣
ʱ΢һĿ⣬ŤͷȥȴÿԼֹڵۿԼ΢ȴ˿壬ֻɨһۣҲûԷ
ة˵ʱһϮةλйһƶãڹ
Ȼةܲãһλ˻꣬ڶ鲻˭ҵģ¿˲ٷ粨ͷҲǸܴѹǲ鲻֣⸮ةǻеȫΣ;ǼӰġҪ֪Ǩϣһ֮ܽ¿϶Ǳˡ
ܲͷĻӻֵ򵱻֮£ŴҶ֪ˡλǸùƽ׷ɱգҪλЭҳɱٵˣ˭ܰ£λӣ˭
ȻةЩżˣٱ֮£ǰҲǲûһȴͬ
٣ǱةҪϣǺͲʶ²ٸةϹٶڶţ򡣲ˣһ˭µֶһ֪ǼٷֻܲΣ˭µⰸӶ֪ةʹˡ
ԨйһҲһ㶣Ӻǰˣ⡭ⲻϺذɣѡƷѲο·Ѱ˲ʣ¡
ʲôʲôҵţܲ±Ǵһ˵ֻһС˴ҲƸΡة۾һɣӿŵӺæˣٶԶ
ԨǸӹλйٶûпȻҪλĹةʢŭ֮£Ȼȥùͷ
ةһ£Ȼйٵӹ㽫λ
ͬɷһйǰ΢Ȼʮϸϸһһ£ȵйٽ꣬ةŵ˰ɣ
ˣڹ
ãǾȥ鰸סֻһҪǾܲͲ飬ץץ˭ֻҪӣ˭ǼӺ֣ƷѲ֮λģ˵꣬ةǻһ뿪
͸ةˡһڹæ˵
Ȼ˵һᣬЩԭûʲǫ̂ĹˣҪ֪Ҫǿ൱ѵģڹλϰʮϰĴڣȻôһᣬ˭Ź


ʮ 
΢ةߺԨǽ΢飬һߣӺҲǽȥ϶Ҳֽ
һƫԨŵ벻ة˻˾ϣȡһ£ڿҪıǰƷѲεĹλǵϲһЩУֻºѰ
Ԩ˼΢öȻѾǰȥ̽飬ȻҲûвʲô֪ʲô˶֣ȻһγĹ٣ܲ̽ϢģȻֻзëǡ
΢ȴһȻ磬ڹǹ鰸ҵְ˽ºǨйأҶȻȫԸı˳죬˭֪ɲܽΣ΢ִڴˡ
ľãģΪֶȻȫ㣬ӹȻһ飬ҲһЩϸδ˵оڣ㿴֮ȥ̽סּȻɱ򵣬ҪҲ׾٣һҪСĽǴ²ҲûϵлԨһ䣬΢ġ
ò˵к̨ĺôûִ
мغϸ΢Ŀһȥ鰸
򵱻꣬ҲΪؾӦŻ֪˵һŲ֪ںεϮҲ֪
΢Ҫģҵ򵱻ĵص㣬Ȼ
һ΢̲飬Բ鰸൱Ϥͷͷҵؼ΢ó֮¡΢дһ̽ĵ䡱мŹŽ곬ٶ永ưҲϸأⲿĵ䵱ʱΪ̹ٱض֮ĵ䡣֮⣬΢ҲʵʲһЩҪḻ
˵İҪѣ䲻ڣͬԨ˵ԼҪ׽ֻ֣Ҫ˿˴󹦡
β̽΢֪ȥߣȻһǰȥõġ¼Ĺ١ļ¼
¼ĹҲǰƷ٣רż¼֮£۹ֻ߹ְ䶯¼ڰٵϸڡ
ȻҪ飬Ǿȴ򵿪ʼҲ΢ϰߣȰѱ˽͸˲֢ܶҩмѭ
Ǳ¼Ĺ΢⣬ȴǵͷ΢ż¾ڵĸ¥ܴ󣬾飬Ǳ¼ĹһתѾҵҪҵļ¼һͽǾھ˹
Ǽ¼򵹦ľڣһμ¼֮ǰɲģɴߣǿ꣬ұǡ˵꣬¼Ĺٻһʧ١
үǲȥ̽ʲôĲٶȥڼɽˣ˵˺ܾܿѵġʱ򲻽ʵ
΢һ㶣治֪ϸһʲ֪ںڼɽѲʧ٣ȻЩȥѰ΢룬ڣ뷨ܼ򵥣ڼɽĿҵмֵĶԼڹȥҲˣɥڼɽ֮Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ϊ֮ƻǰԼĲߡ
ڣ΢Ǵͨڣ̵ʱϤλѲ٣ԼΪ΢һ£ɵǹѭԣһһ
еĵѭ֮ԭС֮΢Ҳ伮ѧ֮Ϊ
֮ǡҵ򡱣Ǳǳɹһ롣
΢ãҪͷӬһȥһ˺ڼɽмֵȻ΢ΪβȥڼɽʲôڣҲû취ֻһԵš
֮΢ϾڣȻǱ¼Ĺ٣ڹ黹
ͨںԨ΢Ѿ֪ڰ֮ǰһˣԨһ£䵱ΪѾ󾳣Щ΢ҲȻġ
Ըֱν˽ͨĸۣٳΪƷѲΣһ·ȴ򣬻ȻҲǵ˲ٵˡ
ЩҵУʸԸУԲ࣬ϾǰƷ٣ΪѾ󾳣ҪĻ꣬ԷΪҪɵǹȪ
Ҫ׼ô΢ĿǰյµģֻһǹһǶá
Բ˵΢ɴ˵Է°ԵҪ˵һƷٵĻǣҲҡ
ǶãɣȻдﵽȪĹޣ΢ҲԷΪɡ
ϸĥ֮£Ƿ漰Ͷõģ˼·ɸѡȶԣ΢ıȶԳһ¡
֮ǰɱһõĹޣǹ޴ɷϮץĹ˱򵵱꣬Ϊ¶ñ򵣬Ҳ˵ùȥ
ߣȥã΢ϣȥ̽һǶµһ׮ӣ΢ȥȻ֡
ҪȥãҲһүǶÿɲѰطҪȥǸط֪һˣͬʱһЩһͬǰȥűա
Ǵĵȥʲô鲻ģģֻȥ̽һԣ̻ǡ΢Ȼ֪ĵȥ鰸ôܲõһҲԣֻҪСһ㣬Ӧòʲôӡ
ڶҲһĹɣʵһ㲻˽С֮Ҳȫɣ統УҲ꣬ǻ壬Щ絮ʱ֮ǰ
ֻԶɷ޴ؾɳ֮۸һͳˡɡ磬ɳӴͳ磬֮ڲȫͳϽ֮أиǿޱȵĹ޴ڡ
ñ֮һ˵Ѿǧ꣬붫Ҳǧ֮ң֮ڣڶȡ龧ʯɴǧ֮ң·΢ϵһǧ΢͹߶Ĳ٣ɶʹû
֮Ҫȥĵط΢ֻо֮ӿһһ̽ԼУֻգ֮£ΧɫǼٱ任ٿѾǵһ΢δ̤ĵط
ҲһΧɼһƬߴɽѾڶ֮ڡ
ΧΧǽҲפģȴǼСͬ˽վһ㡣
ү˴붫ǧ֮ңǰһɽɽñУѾǶϽ֮أ޵ĹӡĹ»Ұ͹޲̤㣬ǳ˻ΧǾΣˣһ˵ֻҪݣҲûĸ޸Ҷʱ˵
΢˼ĵ˵ͷȻһùĿɿڴĻߣݵİ취
ʱ֮΢͹һǰһ˻˿΢ϴһͨĻ£º͹ѥѪƶˣȥͬһͨĹޣҲһСĴ硣
ǡ·ʮеһ䣬ɸıɻû·ţڹвҲ˶ᣬպã߾ͻŷ΢Ȼĥǹڶ̶̰ʱھѧƿء
ùߴһǶ΢ηѣŷȻѣֻǹСѧһŹҲǻʱ䣬΢ѧʱѾգʿưѼ
УôʱѧַҲ֮١


ʮ ȵ
֮£ұ˽ӹҲߡڶϽ֮ػԺһЩظɿݣżԶһ˵ľﵽεĹ»Ұ߸΢ҰеѾεǧ֮꣬꣬⣬ޣޱȡ
ү˴ΪΣգͬ˽Ұһ㣬ԲʳΪƾǣǺӦԣһҪСġʱһ䡣
΢ͷֺγ֪Σգ뻢ѨɵûӣɵҪĿǶãɱǸڶҲڶϵпģǸ޵ʦġ
ڼأǶõһޣȪСĹΪǰֻۣ򷢻ȥҪ˵ԷϮɱ򵣬Ҳûпܡ
ʱ΢ҲΪһһӴ鱨ţҪʲôһʱͿԵõϢڣԼ̽һΣ΢ҪȥǸģԷɱ֣Ȼ¡Ҫ֪ҲƲ磬ȻȪСΪȫбȻ
΢ľڣ֪һŸ귨һ׷ڶԷϣ֮ңҲ׷ٶ΢򵱻֮ǰһʩչŷһɽ˲ɱס
ȻҲûʩչŷ΢참ص˵࣬ḻͻϮҲִУʩչ׷ĿԼ
ȫ΢ľ֮󣬴յԼԸ֮óļ衣
ȻǼ裬ֻҪ֤Щ裬ôͿҳס
˻΢ֻۣҪһۣ֪ԷûմȾ
ȻҪ䲻⣬ԼԹݴǰ鰸ǳ֣Ȼ˵ᷢմǰ׼Ҳ΢ΪҪǰԵɡ
͹߿нֱӽɽڡ
ò˵ĹʵɭֲɽʬɽииߴʮɵĹͷɽȵУ˴ӿŸĵضЩضȷֲɽУС̤룬̾ͻԨᱻʴһգɢ
Щɽл͹ޣһ·΢͹ߵֶǴ·ֻ޺ȴһֻޡ
ôһ޴ޱȵĹͷɣڴ޹ǵ죬죬ɣ֪޵ıεľ޴
ڶõؽ֮ڣȻйµĽƣδɣ̤룬һ̤룬Ȼܵ
΢Ĵ԰ʦ֮ǸģֻҪһۣ΢֪Լ֮ǰļǶǴ͹߸ոôſڣͼ߳һɭɭ
ⲻǶ𣿡һСһľ
΢γһȣ͹߱㵽һ͹Ŀݹ֮
ٿЩĻһƫƫͷӿȻȪΪԱ߼ͷĵУξѺһм䣬ں棬Ȼǹ
˿һ֮ɫ΢Ȼ൱ɻ󣬰ô
ʱӶӿһǿƣȻͷֳһ޴
Ƕõ¹Сģƫ˿̴ʾڶǳìܣԴѾŵĻƫ
ộôҡڵҶˣ浱Ҷ𣿡޴ԴŭɫףУξƫ˿̶Ǳβȡ
ƫȪ󾳽Ϊ֮£ҲǲȴΪ¹ǹĴޣ˵ֻһȪ󾳵ƫǸõĸةҲ²Ƕ֡
ߴ󾳽磬鶯顢ȪƵ굤Ѿǵ󾳽磬Ȼǿס
ڹ޵ǿѹ֮»ƨҷţƫͷ¹ҵǶй˵ĸǰ׽ɱٵĳģ¹Ҫ¡
󵨣Ȫ󾳵ĹޣȻκͱ˵һȣ¹ƱȻѹڵϣ˫ϥأƫȻȣͷֱ
¹Ϊ㣬Ҫɱҵȵȷ練ƣǺһҪɱǣһǳǰ޴ˡҵҲǰɷ£ҲԸһȥ˼ҪΪҵȡƫǿſ־˵
ⷬŵĹ˵¹ͽǻˣƫƫ¹ȴûж֡
ͬƫԣ¹ȻǹĴޣǣУйɳ򣬻иǿޣǶпԶԿ޵ʿκβã֮ϣҪɳ
ĪøҺɳΪУ
ƫ̣˿¹û˵ȴɱڣǧһ֮ʣУξѺĹȴǳ¹ݵҳڶа꣬еߵֱϴΰƷѲһӣȥۣ֪Ե֮ҲȻ뿪Ҳķڷң˵ɱ٣ȴûȻˣҲһˣɷҲȻᳯԴˮ࣬ȻһϢŭҪΪ˵С¶󶯸ɸꡣ
ȴһ˴磬ׯϣһ˫Ĺ۾ҲǺ޾ɫ
Զݹ֮΢ʱҲͷǳģǹޣȴһҪǣϲûմȾ˿ȻҲпΪ֪ˣ뷨
΢ѾŪôˣһжȻйӺԼһҲɱ˶õʿ˳ϣǰץˡ
΢ǧ㣬û뵽Ȼȵһ΢Ĳɱ֮ˣȻҲпǣһжԼûϵˡ
ܹȻ£ӺҲǰ˴æʸܵôǰץˡ
֮⣬΢һȪ󾳵ĹȻǸҺͶõһλ˵ɽǼᶨ΢ٵ
Ʒ٣̫ˡ
ⷬ¹һãұǴ߳ģǺã֤ǺץˣǶøҶһ򣬱ǵĻ꣬Ҳ³ǰʦ
˵꣬ͷɢȥ˻˶


ʮһ 
ĳŶһݣݵ߰ɣҲûɱ٣ۺ˭ʣȥĶҶ£ͬ˵֤ԩˣߣĳҲûꡣ
¹뿪ӲŴ࣬˿̵۵ģװˣү㣬ǲɱģȰ㻹йܿࡣ
ʲô˵ôܣǰһְѾԻôܻᱻꣿĴ˷ǴʧɫҲǾĲֹ
Զ΢ϸ۲죬̶϶Ĳ֪Ѷ΢һ֪ٷˣһ˵û˵ѣ΢ܿóǳĵľûһ٣ͷҲǲѣɲǼװܼװġ
ʿͷƺ͹ͷĹֻ΢ܿһ£ƺ͹𶼲𶯣̩ɽǶԷĶĳ¸е𾪵Żᡣ
Ҳ˵ɱ֮˲ġ
ȻΪϷЦһ˵ĺô磬ĪΪٻţ
ҲһóһͰҲ˵һƫҲǶЩһѶֲ֮ͣϹʲôһεĲжգӸղһĻͿóӴһ㣬Ҳ¹ŹˣҲֵ£Ȼʲôȥ˵
ƫĹְҪߣҲҵǵͷûʡ
ȵ뿪΢͹߲Ŵǿݹ֮
үǻȥ𣿡ʱСʵͼ΢ȻǶŶﹰһȻתòˣߡ
˵꣬Źȥ߲΢ղǶ˭Ҿ΢û˵Ҳʡ
֪΢͹뿪֮󣬶ǰӿֳһӰò֮ǰ¹
֪ҲΪ˲鰸ģȤ鶯СȻܲҵĴڣ֮ڣҲǶǷͰȻ򵱻ȷ£ǱͿβࡣ˵꣬Ӱʧ١
ɽ΢һ·һ߳˼ȻռȻҲ΢֤һ£Ĳɱס
ȻǲõͣˣʱǻһУá
Σ΢ҲùܡҪǰ飬ڿǶˡ߼΢һ·ĬΪ΢ջĹͣҲǳ԰οүϹèӣǲˣɽһУȻˣǾȥתתҲܿ۽磬ɷɣ˵Եʲôöء
΢һҲǵ˵ͷУʵϾ޵ķУȥҲûʲô΢Ҫú˼ı˼ıһĶ
ҲЩ£һ·»Ұ΢һȻγɵɽȣԶ̶һȭҳһӶһ㣬ΧǸ߸¡߰ɸߵұѣмһ޴Բӡ˿̣ۼ˸ֹޣ΢ҲǿˣͨԻʵЩ޴󲿷ֶģֲ죬еͷͬһ㣬ɳеͷǣ
Щޣ߷һˡ
΢֮һɨ֪ԻԼ֮ǰȥĹžɢ޷ҪĶࡣĹͷٵĶԼһһ𣬴鶯Сֻ鶯ʿǾ͸ˣĵ龳Ȼ࣬Ҳ٣ǣ΢һߵĹޣȻǻƵС
ĳŵĵӣͷһֻ̹ۣźڰĹƳݣһѹǽڽ֮޶Ǽæ³ײԷ
ֻһЩ㻯һźڷ뿪ڹ˿
΢Ҳм֮·䲻ɵҲԳһɣʿΪɵʿƵǶϴԪԨҲԲ·硣
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ʹǮ˼һﻻ
΢һѰһй䣬ʱ΢УڻԼ֡
΢ֹһߣһ޵̯λ֮ϣΣԼ֮ͭ
ЩǹҲǿֻ߿Ե
Ǵ̯λϴģ΢ٲȴʲôˡһ̯һëĿĹޣ˫Ŀû۰ף˿΢Ц΢Ȼ£Ҳȷղ޷ġ
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΢ɲȥͷЩϸ۲졣
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ĿɿڴүǸʲôƽʱ΢˵ǺҺô£Ϊι󾳵Ĺޡ


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΢ԼۣԹװһ֮ɫʧ龳ޣ
ǰֵ⡭λǰղʧǻˡ
˵꣬ͼæȥҲǼæ뿪
һУ΢ͺ͹߿ٷɱȥȻһƬʯ֮
үǡŪף΢ǰֵһǰë׷Ǻ¡
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΢֪ߵʲôҲûʱ˵һ¾Уģ㲻Ҫܡ
һҧҲǵͷӦ΢ߵķӦҲʮ⣬Ȼɻ󣬵֪أûжʣǹС׼ˡ
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ʩչ΢վԭأһͼһɫƮǰë¶Ρ
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вôĵӡʱ΢ͻȻһȣȥϵĻ·չֳ壬ͬʱȡѪƣݺݵǰëޡ
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һ͹˵ϣֵλүСֻǽһװ龳ޣҪԲү񡣡
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ŹߴӶԷȡһöǽ䣬һαװ龳Ҳһϡ
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۲ԷͷĹ𣬿ж϶Է˵滰ǻѻҲ΢ŷֵһ㣬ŹԹüΣ˵ԲˬֻҪǻѻ˵棬ԷͷĹ𶼻ʶĶ
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үʣֻҪ֪ģһʵ౨˿ëսս˵Сǿᣬ𿴶Էֻһ鶯СĹҲǣһǵ˼һɣͿԵץ㡣ëʶĹޱǵץߣӴ˲֪
ȻҲգѡ񷴿һǹĶ֣Ϯ޻ͷأһץɡ
΢֪Է룬ȴǾⶫŪģ
ëһ֧֧زүҼģɽúܽһط
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үԩԩǼģɱ¸һҲҰĲ˵Ϊ鶯СôүүĶ֣ĲҡԡˣȻҼģҿ˭ġëŵ״Σһȴ΢ͷһ
㿴˽嶪ɽ˭΢̱ʵ
ʶԷϢҪǿ̫࣬ʱҶԶҲȥʱΪܷһСƣ֪֮Ҳ񡣡ëһĺ֮ɫ
΢ëͷϵĹ֪ԷûѣһҪ
ʵڹ֮ڣ΢ûϳ֮ֻΪһƮ΢ע⡣
ʱ΢ʱоһ˿Ϣ΢򵣬ȷϵϢģһ˿Ϣܿɢ١΢֪嶨Ȼйϵֻع顣֮һö壬ԼӳֵĹ΢϶һö壬֮
΢ëޣƷѶ顣
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԰ëͷ𣬿֤ë˵ʵôڵҵ嶪ɽǸޡ
΢ϲĻ޲ǹؼ
Է壬ҹ⽫䶪ɽ΢󵨲²⣬ȻҪ߶ãΪ˭֪ɽǶõĵ̡
Ƕ֮ˣ㲻ɱ֣ҲȻ֪ߡ
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΢ҪȥǧȻë޲֪Ĺ˭΢ȴзӲһ顣
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֮ڣƷѲһҲֻλ΢Ҳйһ֮ԵȴһĹޣò˿΢ԷͷĹ𣬾ȻҲ˵ȪСĹޡ
ΪҪһͻɱ֣ҲԵֵ
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΢һȭͷʮɰա
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΢ȴǹһЦȻСôһķͶܸһλĻᣬҲҽצھҡ
һΣֲȻɫ䡣


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ľƶеȺϴһ˿֮ɫ˷оųɰտȷõĳıɱ֮֡
һжɱ֮ͽǴ𣬶ǳΪ֮ϣ򵲢ǳĶ֣ɽĺƬʵʵ֤ݡһжʵ֤ݣ˰Ѿ˶ۡ
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״ة˵˭ư˭λǷһֶ̽ϢڣλĻˡ
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ةˣλйٴˡһڹæ
ةȻ鼫ã֮ϵ棬ԱҪŪˮʯǺͷû뵽ôͽּù鰸ھҲˣ˵оݣǶΪռ֤ݣ֤ɽľ飬ȷĸɵĺ¡
ⰸһƣҲǽˣȻá
йǱ죬Ԩ£ȴ֪΢׼һɱﵣӹйȴɫϣŭɫȴҲзֵĹ˷ͷȻЩˬõȻӺһĹˣ˴󹦣ƷѾǰ϶ȻҲˮǴߡ
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ЩָŪĹ֮ҲһȻ֮ɫҲ֪ʲôʺˣȻưԵǰ֤
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˿΢ҲЩż³Ķסڴ֮ǰðëǣȷȥɽģǷǡ
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ͷڽƱ磬ϴǲйˡӺʱȳһ̡
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Ĵ˿ŭЦƴĪҪУҳǶõĹޣǶȻҲݲߣ־ϴ֮ѾǽɺֵܣҳıٲãҲԼֵ֡
󵨹µ㻹ڵ˵ֵܣֱǺ˵˵٣ȵ͵ȱ΢Ĺ޳ֵܡڶãں֮ڣҵˣ˵ǶõУҲͬӦý㽻õЩһץ̣Ͳ㲻ˣҲЩջ𣬴
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ȻڸϹ٣ˣҴʮޣӺȳһ̴ԳİڵϣƳɵĹ޺ݺݳ
΢֪޿ɶɼʹ࣬һӴȥԲǿЦģѰ鶯СĹޣ˵ʮޣʮ޹͹ǺˣʮȥȻǻɢΪߣʮޣҲѲƤ
΢˿ҲЩżΪλû֣ǲȷǱǸɽ֮ˣ΢㲻ܽһĺ΢еԨҲе
ǰٰ̣ޣ͹һҽˣǳ߶ûһ
΢֪ԩҲûӣֻܸż
ĲżӺӺһתѾ˺۵ĳĵģΪϾûˣ֤ȷ䣬㲻Ҳı䲻ʲôھͿԶ
һǳģ㲻Ϊ˰ڶõͬ
ƨҳĿɱ裬ǸǣãұǻɢҲŹǣˣ˵ʲôҲţǳĳΨб֤꣬סĲȻ˵˵ðһ͹𣬾Ȼžһϵļķ顣
һĻϸةҲɫ䣬ãҪ꣡


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Ϊꣿ
ɵʿǹޣлһ֡ɱط˵֮󣬿ͨϡɴͥһԩʿǹ޾ѧ֮ҲãΪù֮ȻɢͶ̥׵ʧ˳ҲȲ
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䣡
һǿӳӿʱǸة˳ֶֹ
ͼ棬˵һƬ⻪УӳӿĹ⻪ֱ죬ͬһڶ֮ⶼɼ
˿̶֮ڣһΪĹУƷ裬ͻȻоǱ֮ɫ䣬÷
йޱ꣬ϡ£Щûмˡһ˳˵ɫ׾üһӡǣȴͷ켣ϵһǿޱȵϢ
ڶ棬򣬲ǰҲǱϹϾ˿̵ǸǱߵķΪƷٱ֮£Ҳ֪ǼһôģӣȻҲǳ޴ˣȥưɡ
ȥҲˣû쵽ɹѾ٣ϢӦ˵˵ʣλǶĳǵޣ˵Ƕƹߡ
εģҲȥˡһҲǴùġ
ǵҡҡͷôҲǹΪƷ٣ɹ٣ҲֻаƷҲҪƺϹ٣ʲô󰸣ȻǵĹ֤ɹٸ棬ǳĴҲǱľѳֻۣǿˣߣǸ¸ã
û޴˵ĶԣҲùעһ£̽顭ʱ˸⡣
Ҫȥȥȥ㵱εɵֻǰƷɹ٣ҲǶɹٵˣôҶˡǵһ˦ӣ˵ΣֻʩչֶΣԷ֮ϢƮڡ
˿̸ƶѾҳһš
΢ıҲĿɿڴĵֻҪٵƬ̣ǳ֮󣬱ܻףֻ˭֪ľȻݣ֤
һ꣬ͥɳ֮ٺԩʣִˡ
ة˿Ҳɫ࣬ɨһӺ˼㡣ļȻұ꣬Ǿ˵ɹ̽飬Ҳ˵ļпǱԩģˣԼҲҪΣҳ׷Ȼû⣬һǣΪñƹ֤öȻҲưոݡ
뵽ةͺ޲ýӺһ١
˿̳쳤Хͥɹ٣ҳһССޣеĶѭɷ˷ɱ򵣬ҳıģɱͥס
˵꣬һݡ
һ̳ɢǻɢֻĿɿڴˡɴ۾ֱǰһĻ
һ֪ӣ֪ҲҲԲŵһңԣһλˣǧ֮ԡԴתǰ˵
Ӻ˵ͣͷһмߣССȻضʿԩͥζᣬɳɹپϣ˵һССǳҲӽۣһȥ
أ
һ죬ֱӱײɳȥˤȥʮ⡣
ٿƶУѾƾһ¹ٷˣֳһȣͷڽòãзȣͬһʫ飬ι֮ŵʿȻһɺȻ˽סҪĤݡ
ʿһ֣ϸةйپǰ񡣶΢һۣҲ𺳣ͷʮŵɵɡǣʶĿʣⶨȻɳɹ١
¹װݼδˡةһæǰ̬ܵͣЩսսȴΪλɹٲ򵥣Բ⣬пǻ
ΪõƷةΪѴƵ󾳵ĹޣȻ֪֮ʵǡഫһλֱɳͥķ𣬵Ȼɹٹע
һɳƷѲδˣλɹٿǳĸηǿȨ޵ľˣ鷳ǣλδʥıƵıԩ֪˵Ҳˣԩˣʥ֪Ǿ鷳ˡ
һ뵽ة׾;顣
֪йȴ֪ة˶˹ȻҲսս˵
ɳƷɹ٣ѾͬƷ٣ҲֻһƷѡ
ͼλδ˰ڰ֣ոǱĹ޻֮ǰѽ֪٣Ҳѻ֮̽ǹ޵ϸԺȷĸǣǹԲ飬ɱٵ֣ôøһ
ة׵һȻˣ鷳ˡӺһЩˤǱߵ񣬼ֱ׻
˭֪ľȻĲ֡⻰һλɳɹ˵ģ˶ۡ
ıƵıԩȴͷ±˵ڵλҲסˡ
һ΢һֱڹעǷʱƶӰһ΢ǸĴƷѲ֮һǡ
΢ߴ˸ɫҲѾ챻ɵİëޱϡ
ëֻǿһۣͷûɽģˡ
΢һʯͷء
̳ǱߵѾȵòͷִһ֣һ¡
ͺ΢ˣ֪Ĳ׵ʱ򣬾֪š֮ǰ΢ŵһƷѲεĻᣬȴֻҪǿճİƷѲ֮λȻǳ
΢һһֵġһʼֻŰɣڼĲף΢¶ҳ֣֪΢ʮɰգҲǻȥˡô˵ֱһţŵУй
⿿ɽȻͱ¦ӡ
ͻȻ֣ոոİƷѲΧסǵķӦԳ˵ԤϣȻüͷһ壬һɫҲ൱򶨣ʲô
йȴһͷˮˡ
΢֣췴𣿡Ӻķҵʱ򣬼΢ͻȻǳ֣ǳԺǳ⡣
΢Ļ΢ֱһצһߣͬצǡ
ƶӿһš
ּ΢ȻʩչצҲоټ̽Ҳٶ΢СҪ֪צҪţǵ¿ޣһ׿ԽУϴι֮Ҳһ࣬΢ȻѾצյ˳̶ȣʵǷ˼


ʮ 
ͻܼйţһŹŹַĩſһ磬һһϯ΢צո⡣
ֵצȴǽץţءһϺ¹ٷðһž޴赲צֵצȻͬСɣȻֱץǹ
ǲţЦҪһɳƶãһ̣ЦȻֹΪצȻǱצΪڵϡ
֣΢˿֪Ϲٿſ٣Ѳֵķȴǳѵ⡣
Цһ΢˿ǳɹ١ةйٹһ¹΢˱֮аλ
Ϊ΢ͻȻ֣ƶѾҳһţС͹Ѿ͹ǶԳةҲǱŪĺͿͲ֪Ǻãһʱ˵ɹüͷһ壬û˵ǳ׵ˣ⸮øةᣬֻҪһҳףǹޱֻ֮ǷĹٲʹɣҲףɼȶ֮ұȥҳͶޣĹ١
˵ߵһ
ɹټ󣬸ةйˣǸةף¹Ĺλʱס뵽΢жʱӿһ˿ϣæ΢΢Ҫ˵ʲôٵ
ʱ΢˼·ǽԼԼķһһ΢һ̲飬˵Ȼͷͷǵһ㽫̽ȡһö壬͵͵ɽľ˳
΢ո˵꣬Ǳɹžһ㶣Ȼû뵽·תةױǼޱȣǳϲʣǻǰ΢佱һ
ʲôмʱ꣬ǣû΢һٶλǱסģԿ΢ҲۻϲҪȷϰ顣
˵֤ٴҪʻ׼˵
΢һ֣̾ʹŰëϵëһ鶯СĹޣļ̣ǰǴپͲ˵ˣһλɳɹ٣˵ҲǶ߶½Ͱͣ˵״
Ǳ߱צסһʼ򶨣ȵë˵꣬Ѿɫѿ㡣
΢ޱȣаë֤Լǧ¼ǵͨм¼Ϊ֤֤ԻʱǺ¶ǿǡ
ʣ΢һ̫Ưˣ֪Ҫ٣֤ƲӶ࣬΢ʵʵ֤ݣ֤Ҳ֤
˵΢Ťͷһǣɴ˿ɵöۣ˼㲻֣ҲȻͬ֤ȷ䣬֪˿ɻʲô˵
ʵһЦ΢ֹǼʱֱ꣬ԼĸǸոյ֤ݣ˵ˡ
˰пܵơ
Ž·ת׳һΪⰸʱƲˣʱΪ˰Ӷóı꣬ӴϣɲǿЦġû뵽΢·ɱոյĳҲķڷѾ˶ۣͬ΢˵Ǿ㲻֣ҲȻͬ
ٿǣ촽˶ȴһ仰û˵ɵ͹Уѻķǵϣѻ֮һɨʲôܶסֳûɹ٣ǵǲ£ǸةҪԼʩչѻ֮ԼҲзӦԣһλʩչѻ֮ûһ취ˡ
Ǵ˿̶΢Ҳ൱棬Էԣۼһ㣬˵һ޶ȷһɱ֪֮ͶóйڣΪ˽ˮõóĵϣרŽ֮͵͵ɽ
֪ȴû뵽Ǳ˷ˡ
ҲҪܣͬûɹڣı£Ҫ߲£ɹƤӵҪߣǲܵ顣
ǵʮ٣Ҳһˣǧ㣬û뵽Լôͱ¶ǱãԷó֤
ǳԽƱ磬ɹѻ꣬ʲôˡ
֪ΪλΪ򵷢ԼһݣһԲܱعܣǣ󣬱ǲĴԼһöӣ鱩¶ôԼйϵһˡ
뵽ճɱǸˣǾһ־壬Էֶ붼ģʱ궼Ǻõģǻᱻ˼ƻǣˡ
뵽˿ϡȻһǿʩչֱӱһͬһײķ飬˼״ǴһˣСֱܵӱһɱɢ
⡭Ȫ󾳣ǣ㾹ȻѾͻƵȪ󾳣ӺһҲһϵˣǵΪӺҲָƣԷ಻󾳣˭뵽һֱΪ
ΪҪΪڸ֤ݶָʱͻȻѣɵҲ֪֪鱩¶Ҫǽˡ
Īɱ
Ǳϼӳֵ귨̾ȥٶȲν졣ة׼״ȴϲɫⶼ󣬰ӶȻģҪʲôһһצץͬʱŭǣΪ٣Ȼ֪ɱͬţٹ£Ϊӵõ
׷ҲǿֲޱȣϾҲǴﵽƵ󾳵٣ͼһץ֮£һ޴ޱȵĹֺȻգ۾ʹɡٶٿ죬Ҳ첻ףһצݺڵϡ
Ȫ󾳣ȴǻƵ󾳣߳һ磬ȻǶ֣һ¾ͱѺۣʵ
֪ԼܱץעһܵãܲˣҲлԼ꣬ȡһöŹֵҩһ¡
ãڵɹһһѾ֮⣬Ϊʱ
ǵҩ˲ǻһŷɻңɢ
굤ʳҲƷ٣Ȫļһȵҩżʶ㲩һߣ
漴Ҳϵպ֮ԣ̾δˣ¹Ҳ˵굤ഫһλ֮Ѿʧ벻ǾУ˵굤ɱ
һ룬Ҳǵ˵ͷŤͷɨһףˣ̵꣬ģӱˣ֮˾٣Ҳ²
һ⻰ҲĿɿڴһЦ
ȻΣԼζˣµѾ൱ˣ٣ˣҲԲ÷ƲˣǲŽ鷳


ʮ Ʒ٣һ
׺Żصƶãһ˵Ҳɫ죬Ȼף֮ǸڵİƷѲΣҲĶԼϣйٻǹ޹⡣
ԨȻ֪룬˿ɫ֮һָг̣ο٣ڶ࣬Ҳѱмֻ֮࣬ҪҵɣʱʱѣرɡҴ˷΢ųѣ࣬ʣһǣһ΢ҲҸ֮
ױ֪ƺһԨԣ۾һͷ˵ûųưҲ٣Թаʤ֮٣ҵҲӦñ£
һΪ飬Ԩ̱һ£һй֮¡һԨڲ˵õͬʱҲͣӺһʺͼʣ˽ǽڳޡ
ʱɹŲмһЦͻȻӦŤͷˣβһ
䣬ͼƶƾֳһӰٸ
ة׺йԼڶһæǰƷ٣ΪǵĶͷ˾Ȼǲҵ
˰ڰ֣źǺһЦδˣϻһδΪ־˲١
ҡͷͲԶˣǸð²һޱ֤º֤ǹ޵ȷǱԩģ£ܵи˵
ɫ΢䣬ҲֻһһЦȻ˵ΪưץˣȷҪи˵ˣƺ֮£ͽˣסǵ޴Ҳʴ£첻ò£֪
漸仰ǳ˵ģŵǻʱǰ΢ˣҳף˽⣬ղŵĻҪԼչˡ
˷ģ¹һϳͷ֮ˡ׼æ̬
ϳͣҪνй֮ˣС˵꣬Źֵδˣȸһ䣬һҲף糢صġ衯ɡ
Ȳˣҡͷл⣬ȻֽȻ˽¹Ҳˣæ¹پͲˣǣ
˵꣬Żһ𣬶ʣʧ
ЦЦɨǱ΢һۣ΢ĿͶŤͷһ뿪
ǲ˼΢ϴ΢ԾһҲǾ̫ۣѾˣҲûãܶͶ㣬ܶҲûɶԼƷ٣ԾΣƤһ㣬ؤҲܳ⡣
΢ղžϳˣһʼЩĿɿڴⲻԼԾǸԴһת΢֪ôˡ
벻Ծľ򣬹ֲõҾأϼһƤҲ湻ˣùɣƷ٣һԾԾҪҵ֣˵һѵһ᲻д𣿡΢̲ס治˵ʲôתһ룬΢֪Ǻ£Ҹո⡰ةҪνй֮ˣǾ˵ԼôȻϼһҲ֪ҲԼء
׺εոʱע⵽ˣԷûпˣƫƫһ˹΢֮ǰ˵Ҫνй֮ˡ
˵ʲôֻҪɵܿ
΢벻ҲйϵһΪֻԨˣ˲¶డˣǿɵúú˼ı˼ıμνˣˣ˶Ȼˡʱ΢Ĺϵӿʼ
ˣƷѲ򵱻֮Ѿˮʯ굤ɱ򵣬֤ȷ䣬̵֪ޣ᰸˵漴ֵǰ˵˭˴˰˭֮λƷ΢ưйٱΪðƷѲΣѲ磬Ʒлɡ
һ䣬΢ԨϲɫӺɫ֮࣬ɫͬһ㣬Ӷžô£ΪԼĹͣȴǾôˣ΢˱ˡ
޲ʺͷԣǣ֪ôԼûκκô
ղ˵ˣνй֮ˣʹ֮ˡ
Լ˵ûУǻҪһ뵽һԹޡ
ʱ΢ǰةˣ˷鰸ֶҰܴ׽ǣҲҶһ֡
ǱֱѾ̵֪ܲôѣ˷΢Ļ¶΢ĺøٿ΢ôô˳ۣСӹ˼ԼܽɹϰƷѲΣǱȻ΢Ūצĺ
һҲǷӦǵλƺҲ˳ȻҪν΢Ѿڣܲν֡˵ֱܴԼҲкô
׵ͷ˵ûִ˷ҲйͣͬƷѲΣǣһƷ
ѾҧһĻͻȻ뵽һ㣬ѿڶةˣ΢Ϊ鶯СƷҪ鶯󾳵ΪܵΣ΢ûʸƷ
һ㶣ȷأֻΪﵽһ׼٣ƷûΪҪ󣬵ǰƷѲεȷҪΪٴﵽ鶯󾳡
һʱͺˣ²࣬ԼûзСӾȻ˳
ɨһ֮öóĺԩ꣬ɹٳ棬˵𲻷Ըοԩ꣬ȥְ֮ؾ¼á
ջ׻Ѿ൱ˣԶ޷ٳΪ٣ӺҪ飬ȴ죬һ仰û˵
Թʣ˵ҪϳͰĲ٣Լ˵кãңԼҲ֮һҲᰤӡ
ˣΪУȴǺһϸ鰸ִٶۣҲйٲƷ֮λȴٵˡ˵꣬ӺҲһЩԵȻٽײ䣬Ʒ٣ȴǱȥ֮λҲǼĳͷˡ
Ҫ֪֮ڣҲֻһλУǺεȨͬΪƷ٣ͬƷеλȨƵģпٽһֻǳ£Ǳסˣ޿λˡ
ӺĿɽӺҲĻжӺҲΪµùԴһȣٴǰةˣҿԲؾҲˣǶҪƽ΢Ϊ㣬ƷѲΣǵҲ֮ڣҲ˵ʧʡ
󵨣Ȼ鱾پ۾һɣȻ£ǿҼʺͲʣԾȻ˿ãָ΢΢Ϊ㣬㲻ܽǹأðƷѲȴһտȱߣΪƷѲελѾҿε⣬񶪹٣΢Ҳ١


ʮ Ʒ٣
˭˵Ϊ㣿΢һֱûû뵽һ䱾Լ΢ȻѶŭ
Ҿ˵Ϊ㣬΢Ϊһʱ䣬һ鷲ˣ鶯СѾǶˣҪ˵һ¶ʱ鶯󾳣΢㵱Ϊֻһˣһ޵󱲣֣ҲҺһҶӮң˵鶯󾳣𣿡ʱѾЩˣʾ֭Ҫ΢ԼѾǶ˹٣ؾǲڶԸ΢Ժûлᡣ
ǣ޹ʹ٣ֻڣһᣬܼ΢嶯֮´ӦԼô˾Ȩ棬аֱӻ΢ΪҲǳ˿ڶܽ΢Ҳ
һΪϵĹܽƷѲΣ
˵΢Ϊ鶯󾳣鶯󾳣ҲбʤİգϾԼ鶯ѾܾãΪȹ̣΢ܱġ
Żһ˺ѾһУԸںģֻһһҪ΢ˮ
˶ɵӣȻ֪Ĵ㣬Ԩǳ⣬ȴ΢ȵкβң΢ⱰСˣߣϴΪҶ㣬죬Ҿⳡһ
΢вɳ嶯㻹Ķ֡Ԩ̾Ҫû˵꣬ǱӺ˵ˣ΢˵˽£ǾͲҪ˰ɣ΢ѾӦˣʳսԺ㣿
ԨһȻŭҪʹ΢ȴǼæˣ񴦴ңҪҶҲ˽˶ԹˣةԼλ֤ͬҽ񶷷Բº׷𡣡
΢˵꣬˶Ǵʧɫⷬھǩ״ˣǿϲ΢˵˶ˣ˭˭ӣﲻɡ
ةʱҲ˵ʲôҲˢӣƶǿ׼΢һսȻеȷаƷٱ鶯ϲſɵΡ΢ҲȻ֪һ㣬ŻӦս
Ȼ΢ӦսҲӦһЩƣ뵽ȴ΢ȷһ΢㲻ӦսҲ˵ʲô
ǰ˵Ķԣ٣˽߶ɺͳԨ΢£ҲǼæȰ
΢֪׺ԨΪԼãҲĴ㡣
ԼսԼսʲôɣﶼСԼԼȷûʤ㣬΢ҲðգȴΪ΢аնԸ
ȻˣǺβ³ɺһ㣬Լš
¶׺Ԩλ˺΢˽⣬֮ˣսѾٹΪ٣սǶ棬ΣҶӦս
˵ˣԨҲǵ˵ͷ΢Сģ׵ãȻҪǱپ֤ˡֻƶϣܾҲ˵֣֮⣬ûơ
Ц۴ɫĿҲҪɱ΢ֻҪ΢ĹΪǱ˳ˡʱ΢˵ƷѲΣǹҲɣǺԼһҡ
뵽оһ󼤶
һߣֹ΢򣬵ǰСˣѪԣģӮ㣬ҲⱰС˻뿪
⻰ɫ԰ףȴҺֽа壬ֻǳ΢΢Īˣһһĥĥ󡣡
΢ѹûЦЦ֣ǵҵԼ
֪΢˵צĹҲǹһЦģּȻӦ㣬һ
΢˵ͷſ񣬺Ѿ΢ӳ׼ŭȵ˳£ճһƬյ֮ȡһѳ
һӺ״д󶨣ӮˣҪ֪һѿ˾Ʒɻ굶֮к֮ӿʱûһݵĶǵ˻С
ɻ굶ǣɵǣֻҪͿԽһɱĸɸɾ鶯󾳵ΪټһѵѾͬС΢Ƕ֡
ۿ΢ùӺҲܳĿһɶǿľζ
΢״룬ҲǴȡһһľľɻ굶΢һڲľʵھ̫ͨˡЦ΢ģҲɱ㣬ȴҪĸһ١
˵꣬ǻһ˹
΢óľҲֻװװӣɱлצٶȼ죬΢ֻһ䡱Ҫٶȡ
΢ʱղѧҲ࣬ɵѧģ൱⡰䡱΢һʩչΧðһЩӰӲ˲̶ٶȼ
벻΢˾տȻһ䣡Ա߲ٹĿɿڴʶ΢Ȼţֻһ䡱һҪʩչҲϢʱ䣬΢һ£Ȼǽ⡰䡱һ䣬˲á
ȻҲû뵽΢ҲƲ磬͵һȣԨǹֱ֮ͬ䡱߽⡣
ХƹҲӡһ֪˶
ֻϾΪҪǿ΢Хֱˡ䡱ǽ΢𵴡
׼ʱǰӶ鵶ն˹ȥǹע˷ʩչĳֵһնƶǹ񺿣һâŹӰ΢ն˹ȥ
˭ΪҪ΢ߣȻӦǷѹŴ򣬶Ҹո΢ʩչצҲˣûпԺצȼĹҪΪ鵶֮ǿȡʤ
΢ȻҲĴ㡣
ҪƣԶ΢΢֪ԼڻֻʩչһצԱҪһжʤ
ȻˣҪ׼ʩչͣ΢ҪƽҲѣֻҪһֹͿԡ
䣡΢ٴһ䣬ʩչУһǼˣȻи䣬Ҫһ㣬Ƕʿ̶ʱ΢ܽһ䣬Ѿ൱ˣڳĹû˭ܽĳһֹõһ
΢ٴʩչ䡱һεĶȻһâ
ôܣĿ࣬ûм˭ø佫˵ķס˲ͷӦԼâҲ壬ǿס壬ȻԱס


ʮ Ʒ٣
ɲ֮䣬նĵâƬ̣΢Ѿ㿪ͬʱ΢ǺͣЪٴʩչ䣬һεĿȻ
һٴУһΣ΢Ѿ׼ķӦʱ䣬ڵڶ֮󣬽žһצ
һĻΧĹй٣Լة׶ǵһ
һ䣬Ρ
˶ɵˣ˵ʩչѾ൱˲ˣΣǾͲá˲áݡ

ֻðôһʶ΢жϣ鶯СȻһ㣬һ鶯󾳣ֳƷ鵶񷴹ѹŴʵǾʵ˼㡣
Ԩ͹Ҳ߬ȭͷͲҡźˡ
ִ˿Ҳ˫ĿԲһ仰˵׿ԽڵǸҲŵǰĴڣҲûзˣ˵צһ䣬ҲǾ֪೤ʱϰſԡ΢צŶãȻͿͻȻãԼҲô㣬Լ㣬΢ʲô
ɲ֮΢צҲ䵽ǰ
񱻸Ƭ̣ȻǶܲȻ΢ûɱצƫֻ࣬ҪצץĹͻɢ˿һ֣Ҳһˣȴǲ㲻ܣȻ鵶ն΢
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ǶƤƤûκβ𣬾ϸԷֱҲΪۼһ˿Բŷֵġ


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ոձצʬҲֻһҺ֮ͱò˵צǹеĸ߼ԸΪƷѲ֮뷽跨צĺȡ΢
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칭ָǽ֮˵ĶȻˣϣǵȡ͵ԡò˵칭ɣ֪ĲǿԾ͹Ĩõ˵¡


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΢ԼõģǰնԷԣȻӦù黹ǲϣǸ鷳ѡ
΢εĻܿ칭⣬ȻͬҪɷƣһǳͷҲ൱صģ͵֮ɲС칭ֹǲ⣬ֱն
ˣ治֪ζԴԲ⣬ᱻƽȥ΢΢΢һЦ֮ߵ֮ǲó֤ݣȥ״
˵꣬ﳤȥ
칭Ŀɿڴû뵽ԷȻһ涼ûѹһĿŵĳ˶ȴΪ֮ȥ״ó֤ݡ
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칭ɫޱȣ֮ǰǷۣҪԷƽȥֻҪԷһ仰˵̾ץסѱ˭֪ѲپȻ˿ӣһʱ䲻֪Ӧԣֻܿ΢뿪
һ˲䣬칭Ҫɱ˶ᱦΪһöȻڶԷϡһ̣ͽͷ
ɱٵ̫ˣȻ칭ԳпɽɱһƷѲεҲԲܳеģһ·ʦҲס
˲ɱԷɨһ֤ݡ
칭ʦ֣ȡǵĪǾôˣҿǵǶ׵洦ֵɷʮöԱűһĲģֻ۸ˣ˶Դвһ˿ߺޡ
칭ŤͷɨһűҪ˵ԹޣűҪࡣҪ֪տɽھͻһεѡԣţϳ˵ĹɳĻᣬ˵ĵط칭ѡŵӵѡ֪Ҳ򵥣ֻҪΪĻŹ
һö׵лڶʱڽΪССŵӰվ͸ˡڵòȻȻžЩȷˡ
һ칭ô᲻ޡ
ڿɽڣ칭ͺܻƣһΪĿĲֶΣôһ
칭뵽һƣŤͷűʦܣȷʲȥǸһЩ鷳ǶǵĵͼӴף׵˵ףĽ׵ҽϢųȥȴ˵ٵݣã᲻գȥɱ˶ᱦأ
űһҲ۾һæüƣͨڤɽԲİваʿ̤㣬вΪ׺֮ˣ֪ףŶĽ֣пܻɱ˶ᱦ
칭һЦȴǵ֪ôˣ
űҲһЦ칭ʦַģ¾Ͱˣұ׼Ϣɡ
˼ƾ㲻Ҳ޷ܰţҲлпܻһְٰʱֻؽһˡ칭˵꣬Ƿһݺ͵֮ɫ
ܿͨڤɽгĽ׵ľȡߵϢʹ˿˵ۣǽȡߵ֮˵ģ뿪ļΪ
£һЩĺΪʿŷʼΧ׷½أҲǳ嶯ʵĽ׵̫󣬿Ҫ֪һδķˣǳһĽҲ̽С
Щ΢ȻǲҪеͨѲӣѲӽǼڲᣬⶼѲְڣȻǲ˿
ֻǺܿ죬ԶӰƬ֮䣬һĳֵʿһôϸ߸£ס΢ȥ·
ͷƣ׳ܣϢȻԾΧĳȻǼһɱ΢´һɫ΢䣬Ȼϳ΢٣ԥ
΢ԣȴǰΪ׳ʿҪʲôû뵽Է룬ȴǳ΢˹֣һԲתߡ΢Ȼ֪ʿǼɵƴ󣬲ա
΢ֽƵʿɷһǰԼ֮һȻ뿪Ū΢Īĸʿ֮΢ס˶Էѯʡ
ʿ˵΢ǿŪʿ֪ǺãŽ˵
΢һ֪ƶԸԼ˭ɵģ΢Ҳֻп칭űˣΪֻ֪Լ˵Էǽ׵˵ĽףҪĿ飬ֶ֮ԸԼҲȷһƣֻЩ˲ݡ
ʿͱ޶ɱԼҲΪݣЩʿɵĶ֣±Ϯٵ
ֻ΢֪Ըյͽǲ٣Ҳڣò˵һƵȷõǡôıɹ칭űûһʧɹˣȻĿĴɣûУҲܶĶԼ
ʱһͻȻӱϮ΢æһһ׶ݺݴԼ˲ʱ䣬΢Ӷˡ
ͬʱԾӰ˵ֱɱ֡ó˸Ǵɱ˶ᱦ֪΢Ҳô֮ͽ
ʱ΢Ѿǽ칭űһ˸ѪͷⶾƣôʿҴԼע⣿΢ȷԼʿȻֶοԲϢҲֻǲŻȷǸԣ͵Ϯ
΢ƲûϮʿһԴ۴·׺ݣֻҪͼŲǲǹٲһ¹Ľ׵˵ɱһƷ٣ٴĹ٣ֻҪɱҲԲ
ȻһԴ۴ҲóȻֻ֣ȷԷбǲŻ֡вٱж϶ֵΪԲ̽Ƿ
ǵһȻĹ㣬ֻҪԵ趼Բ۴һֱһֱϳѻרѰұոԶѻѾ΢еϢ֪һԴǲŻ˼ɵ֡
˵΢͵ϮУһı׶ֱӲ֮ϣ΢ΪѾЩ򣬸йٷ壬̾ͻɢ
ֻ΢֪֪ԼõҲɱķ²˿д̴ȡһõġ齣ͼͬʱһʩչ䡱׼һѾ˵ǰ׼һѿɽԼʩ
һ䡣
˲䣬Ӿһĸǿ
ʱֳһĺôһ㣬ôڶսʱʩչҪķѸʱ䣬Ǳɱ
΢ʩչ佫Էס˲䣬ԷĿɽͷҲһƵľ룬һ㣬΢ͻᱻͷ


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ԷڽͼµֵʮУһĴ󾳵ʿ
΢һжһȳ˿ʤ㲻
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ֻܳƬЧʿ˿Ѿǻָж΢һӿպú΢צײһ
һ죬΢ǿɽϱķɳȥԶǿɽȻѪɷ֮ΪŨ֪ɱˣѪȻ΢ζ˱΢ҡ
צ£ԷĿɽ飬ʿǱʬ궼צɱɡ
Ϲ㾹ȻɱϹҪɱ㣡һʿ˿̲ҺһǷһ΢
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΢Ҳܣ֮ǰԸţùһצոùһΣѾأֱ׶̴壬ֻʱø赲Ƭ̡
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žһŮжûнгԴͱɡ˸ϡãŮ޵Ļǻڰ·ͱлɡУнɡС
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ٿʬ壬΢ɫ࣬κΣգһͱʿɱԭ򣬾Ϊ칭ɢҥԡ
ʱ΢Ӧȴ̧һָʩչ䣬ͷˤһֻɫѻ
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΢Կ϶칭űɢҥԣ΢ǽ˼£ֱ֮޶Եˣֻȥ˵鷳ƾŮ޵֤ģңԷҲûԸԼֻʿ̰
ò˵΢λһưͿ΢֪շԺл㡣
ȻһԴ۴ҶԼðƷٳ֣ǾͲܱ֤˲ң΢ҪȽ
۴Ȼ죬ҲͨϳѻȷԼЯߵ⻹ⵤϣҥԣټԼϵȷŵҲֱ˻ա
ΪĽ׵Щڴɶ䱦ȷֵô
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ҪҲ㣬סΪȥҲ칭ΪѾɵ龳磬ɲǶ֡ȻǲҲ㣬ұ޳ԹҲϾɱֻǱ˵ӣȥδԼɡ΢˵ֱ꣬Ӱ˰֣ʾĹ뿪һ㶣ȻЩţֿһС鵤ƬĻ֪΢˴һǸж£΢ֿͷ뿪


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΢Ǻ뿪뵽ԷԼڵĹ޵һС鵤ƬǺΪ
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С鹦ۼΪ鶯ּȡ̣ΪãҲ꣬׳ˡ顱
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΢õͨʮͨǾǽ飬ֱ飬ֱӡ
Դ΢⣬ľֵͨһᣬҪǹʩչķԽ£΢Ѿʩչצ
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һ·ǰУǵͨؿ֮
ǰһߴɵĺɫұݺͬһֽ֮ǽ׳޴ұ֮һɽźԶԸоӶﴵĺХ硣
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˵꣬鳤߰б׼΢Ȼ΢ʲô춯̽ȴΪʱһЩߣرʮֽСġ
΢Ҳһ㶣Ӧͨĵطȷֹ˵ȿԼû·£Щ˱ϲԼ΢΢һЦ׼˵ݣʱͻȻһͼС첽߹࣬죬󵶣һߣһ麰ѲΣ˻رܣ˵أ
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΢ûһСһһɡĹ»Ұǰ棬ƿڴӵ·Ҳҵ
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СΪ鶯󾳣õĹͷʮ㣬һǿϣһ»Ұֱӻɢ΢Ҳˡ
տͱһѸֵ£ֵģȻǸղλ鳤鳤˿ɫ࣬һ·ͨޣλү˴ˣѾǹٱ̫꣬ˣ
С˵£Ǵŭ뿪ڴȴ˵ʲôأ쿪·ҪҪ죬ǵˣ˭𡣡
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˵꣬ٲˣǴǰУȴΪɳƶУ˹ټ٣ͬƷƷѾͬƷ˹٣СС鳤ƷûУǹȻɾԿʸ
ڹߵСһֺոǶСǵʲôޡ


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˵֮ǼСŹֺ뿪ֻǼһŭ䣬ȻŭҲһ취ûС˽ʮɳϽȴǵλͣЩ侭ٲ򽻵ѾϰΪ
鳤˿̿΢̾˿Ҳˣ㲻ߣ߶߲ˡ
ش鳤ģ΢ݹȥһӡ
ӡһʣ٣дż֣ðƷѲι΢
һӡ鳤ǵһ߶½ӡݻ΢ִˣ֮ǰִ֪ݣе겻֪֮
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΢ЦЦȻ鳤˵鳤˻֮ǰԷԼֵСһ֪鳤ĳܺá
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˵΢ƾӡͨؿɽܿͿǱߣһɭɭӪկĹᦣ֮дšš֣ԶԸоɭɭ
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һŴ󿪣̾м΢ѹûЩðƷѲΣȻҪĹҴ˿΢עڴ֮һϡ
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ʣһ֮ǰ΢õıǴԪʧԵǡ鴮ʱҲǱ𣬶ڣдŹŶֵңҲˡ
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΢̧ͷʱ
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΢ͷһȻǸղŸǸССɷһǰʿԽԽˣǽȻǽٵĻԷ磬Ǽ£ͶΣ
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СҲǹ鶯󾳵Ϊ΢ѾͻƵССһһƴǽʵʵԷҽһˤȥɶԶû
󵨣һҪ֣΢Ǹȡӡͬʱȥ·¶
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ν¹ѻ΢͵һЩ̫ˣְֱأ΢ΪƷѲΣмְ֮ûͰˣȻ˾ͱҪ٣ܣԼְˡ
ǼŵùǺ˵΢̿ǸС벻ĵͳ쾹ȻС
С΢һ㶼˵ԷڰѱץԼ
й㣬ؾ٣΢ʵ
ǣѲδˣҡǽС˵΢ʹϵȻؾ٣кʸͳֱǺ֣㾹ԲԾӣǵΪֻ˵ҲˣɼȻͳ˴񣬾ȻǵɶϷԳ񼫣ˣϣѺϳ͡
΢˵꣬ȡĹӡǹһһȴͻȻѲδˣϳٵĹͣѲΣȴǶ٣ܲͷϣҴ˴ŹؿعشҲϳƷ٣Ҫ
΢ŭ
Ȼ֮ǰԨѹͨڤɽйŹؿӣϳͶͬϽû뵽һСȻҲŵĺԼ˵
ǲϳͣԼҲͶˡ
΢ӡһ˦һӹӡзɳֱײǹ嵱Уǲҽ
һ̣΢ȡ±лɡſһɨͽСɡон
СƷǹһ㷴ûС
С·ϣĿ޷ͣԹӡ𣬾ɡʩ̷ʮգϳͣʹƾ֤΢˵꣬㽫лɡ±󣬾ͼɡǹӰӲҽȴǺܿУûϢ
ΧǼ΢˹ϣ˵ͷҲŵòҶԶ΢ȴǺ޹˼ɣǰƷѲΣְڡ
Ǽֵ̽أñٷְأȻϳͲ΢һǳ⣬ǼæС
΢һֱϰֵأת뿪
Ȼˣ΢鲢ãոϸһ룬;ʮֹ죬˵춼и΢ǾԲŵģΪνվˣ
Ī滹ʲôɸ˵Ŀģתһ룬΢֪¾ǳԼġ


ʮ ֶ
΢ܿóҪԼѲιٵ̬ȣͬʱҲһС̽ԼԼһһ˫Լִ˹󣬶ȻǻſӡϳڶٹΪɵǲŲʣǾʧְ
ȨȡᣬΪѲΣȴмְ֮һ˸浽ãԼҪԴӵġ
뵽΢֪ͨڤɽˮһûʲôȻҪԿ΢һڹٳʮ꣬ӦЩȻǵӦ֮֡ǰԨѾһԡء£ֻҪԽɷô˶һЩˣҲûʲô
ͨڤɽŹؿһ֮ڣ΢һ̴ľӣȴƷߵٽӼ
΢ڳΣȻҪݼġء٣Ĺ٣Ʒϳ΢֮ǰ֪Լ϶ٵĵѣڿȻˣӸոսŵڣѾȥʱˣ֮ǰй˵ش˹ææͻƣʮа˾ŶԷǹ˵ġ
ƫƫ΢Ҳûʲô취Ķͷ˾Ǵ˴Ʒߵ٣֪ԷǹѣҲֻš
΢ҲνƨϺõ̴ľ΢Ƕ㣬ʺ΢ոͻСÿԳṮ̾硣
ֹһʱ΢же΢϶£ҵ
ͼ߽һźɫٷ٣һ׾ü֮һ˿֮ɫȻһЦݣԺܼ١
ٹæõˣεİƷѲ΢ϵĹٷƷٲܴģͷоŵӿȻǹ굤ΪʣλͨڤɽĹ٣
΢ǰ񣬵¹΢شˡ
Ѳβþ΢Цȴûж΢Ҳû£վ״ŹһЦ¡֮΢£ֱͦʾ֮⡣
˵⹶Ʒ٣΢Ʒ˵ԷΪҲ΢ϲϵġ
굤磬˻굤ǿڣƾһ㣬㹻΢С˵һ䲻ĻǶ΢Էһжס
ѲҲǸոսƷѲι٣ѲλڣδΪ̲˵һ仰΢֪⣬Ҳֻܸ͵ͷ˵˼仰ѲΣͨڤɽҿѲĴϤ㣬ҲΪڲûи䱸ϢգϤͨڤɽȥѲμ졣
΢һ֪⹶˼ҪܿԼҪ֪ƷѲοʸЯӣǿѲȨĴ󡣶⹶˵ԼϤԼӣǻᱻáڴ˴һռӡ
תһ룬΢شˣұϤһ´˴в̴֮˶ᡣ
΢Ϊˣһ俴˳ӣȴһ˫ء΢ֻ˵Ϥ˶ѣֻ빶ᣬֻ˵˵ѣޱҪ΢ȻŹ
֪΢ʮ꣬Ȼ벻΢лΪ΢˳ӣǹһЦãѲαϤɣйҪæ
㣡΢æ͡
ǰ˲Ƭ̣˵˼䲻۲Ļʹ΢΢ѹûϣﻹڹԼ䱸ѲεҪܿ΢ǹѣ΢ҲзӦԡ
Ӧһ仰˻
߳ӣѲߣҲйū󣬵ȴǶ΢Ӷ΢Ҳ⣬Ǳ֣ͨڤɽؿ֮תơ
˵뿪صĹۡ˴Ѿǵż٣΢·ϼǸֺĹ
شˣ⼸ټæǰ
Ǽ𣿡˰ʾ£Щţ˵Ҳʮ㡣
ˣһǸѲιʵǵΪͰ˹ǽн»ҵúýѲιٳͽһ˿˵
ȴһӣôĵӣ㣬ù⳷رİɣ
ǽĹŵùڵϣˣҲֻҪһǸ΢ŲʣһְصզزҶģȴû뵽
޴ΪôףǧС΢ڼ̵ʱڴӹƷѲΣ˵˲һ㣬ֵͼķӵǵŪԼһɧùˣֻһСΪȥ΢ֻץסѱ΢һƷѲΣҲƲʲôˡ˵꣬ǽĹֻǵͷӦ£ȴ൱ĲҲʮˣҪƷһ㶼ûлᣬ΢һոһ¹ͿٵˣȻ൱ļʡ
Ǹ΢ҲȷҪôô򣬾ͽһԣǶ͹ѹţûбٵɸ衣⣬ѲƥҲ׼һѲΣУֹֻͽйѣء˵꣬ڰ֣£º顣
Թĵλû΢ƷѲοͨڤɽ˵ǸͶǸһͬϽ˵㣬΢ΣܵãΪԷǶ١
ֻǹûʸ£뿪֮ȴŭδȻȥ΢ԽԽǹʮ꣬һ£ôˣ˻ô
Ȼ˵סˣֻһҷ֮Ĵԣ̾ͻᴫȥ
ļһѵһ˭ҹش˶Զٶϲƽ΢ȥҲش˷ǣϲ˵ﶨȻˣһܸһֻȥ˼ıһ¡ڿ˼һһͷ
ͨڤɽؿûʲôɹ֮ܶط֣΢Ҳý롣ȻҲȫջ΢һԶľƷ٣𿴹ܲϿ⣬νϿ⣬ǴޣҪϵĵطǴСãþƷ٣ȻֵͼĲ£ȴѾϰΪ֪΢ǶѲι٣ǹ񣬽΢뵽ĲϿһ
ƷǸͷüĿһ˳ܣԸ񣬲ѾʮͷȻͨڤɽʮϤ΢̣Ҳ֪޲ԡ
ִˣէ̫˴ǲ¹ң¹ٱ˵˵


ʮ 
΢̸У֪پȻҲԶĸãǸة׵Ĳ£ԹפͨڤɽԭҲǸɳһɾͣŪˣĹ߶ϳˣԶС٣ʮų⡣
֮µһ꣬ʱʵͲסȥۣõһ¡
ȴǰˣԱԾƷٵݷ䵽￴ַܲһʮꡣ
֪ٵľ΢ʶ֪ԼҲٵķ棬ûʲôҪɾͻǧѡ
ִˣէǧҪ嶯ҪЩһͻȻָɲ£һӣһСľݽȥˡңΪ˵飬ֻڴ˴ȵٺľˡ̾˿ƺǰĹҲ겻ѡ
ĳ֪ˣл΢һлȰԼһѲһһʱƽ˾ֻҪлỹܵߣһ˹Ǿˡ
һ
ֻ΢ܾôɺܵϹƣνٴһѹˣοǹΪǳ΢ü󾳽磬һʱ֮䣬΢벻ʲôӦԵķӡ
ʱܿȥۿûˣ΢ǻȥ㡣£ҲúԨһ¶Բߡ
˵ڶҹ΢ϣﶫҵԨͨڤɽԨĬƬ̣ŵֵܣ»治ð죬ǹƷ٣մȨة˶޷֮ȣֵ°£Բܳ⹶ҲûнҲãľַش֮͵һҲǺõģΪ֮ƣ֮Ӳ϶ǲУҲĶ֣ҲãרעΪΪҲ뷨һټڵظãֻ˵һҪˡ
Ԩ̾˿΢γ֪ˣתһ룬˶ԼҲûб̫ϣϾ֮ǰͨڤɽҲǺ޽ԼһƷѲΣܺͨڤɽ״
֪һ㣬΢֪ôˣǾһе͵¡ԨԼֻҪѲΣлᣬʱ䣬΢еġ
ͨڤɽǱߣһȥαɣȥҲֻǱ֮΢ͻȥһ徲ĵطҪôȥǸزַ죬Ҳǹڡ
СԺסһʱҲ뿪˵ȥΪ΢ü֮һ˿ɫδٱ֮ǰ̲סϸһʣ֪˴ιɽʵΡΪɽĵӣڲҲžеǰģõõŽ
һӵǿŵǰʮɾһɽ֮ǰսսߣһǧɡȻѣҲʧʦʦ̧ͷȻŽʧȥλöһѩǰܣŴɽϣĥΪ
΢ﲻʲôæɵ΢ľṳ̂룬̸ָ㣬ֻǶСġ
ֵܣ赣ģҹȻɢһεĳ裬ȻҪֻѾ¶һɽȻҪһѩǰܣ˵ҲȥͨڤɽһĹЦ΢֪Ȼ˷ҲǾĺܴҲЦǺãʱҾ͹ˡ
뿪СԺҲ˲٣΢СԺյ˫ҲһСһ
գ֮䣬¹ȥ
ȥһͨڤɽ΢Ѿᳵ·ͷɽϣһͨڤɽ
ͨڤɽؿһ·ִ̣ԲһС·ͨͨڤɽ룬ҲԿͬɫǽһɽڣ̾ȻĹ񹤡ʱ΢һŤͷһһͺСƣʮǱȻǸովһս⼸С΢һ㶣Ǵϲǰ񣺡ѲδˣǱʿԽĽأҵȲУѲδ˼ǰȥֹЩͽ
΢һ㶣ܾһԼϾǰƷѲΣ֪˴ĽضܣǱ׷Ҳʧְ˵þͻ´Լ뵽΢⼸С·
ѲδˣҵȻҪȥţֻһɡС˵ָ꣬򣬾ͼҴҵ뿪
΢֪²˳٣Ҳ⼸Сָķȥ
ͨڤɽؿ֮ǼСҴҸϹȥȴûнؿƵһֵУѾǵá
ôˣСʵ
үˣ΢ȻͬԤϵһ㣬û˿ɣѾǸ롣һСһ˵
ܺãЦһͻȻ֣ԡָСɱ⼸СͼСÿͨڤɽʧһЩɱ⼸Сκ⡣
鶯󾳵ĹΪСָͷټϳ䲻⣬Բܽ⼸Сɱ
£һ֤ݶûˣߣҹܽ΢ȥ޻أҲҲŵСЦһ뵽ԼﻮյļƲߣǵޱȡ
ǰȷĽֻʮǰѾûһҲѾһطһٹС̾һȺ޶ķޣʿҲйޣ֮ͽǶ٣Ҳɱ֡
֮ǰѾ˵⽫һ޸Ͼɱ룬Щ޷ǰȥȻǶ˵ֱӶ֣ʱ΢ɡ
Ž赶ɱˣߣһëͷСӣҲƷѲΣҿ˿ˣαһѵԽԽ⣬ȴǼһȷû©֤ݣת뿪
΢СָķʮأǿǰſĴͷ·һһ
΢ǼС˵һԴ֮
ǰƬ̣΢ȻǿһƬնɽ롣ɽ棬΢һѾӲݼʯдһ֡ں棬һѾصķ
ʲôǷ
ɷɷǺһĴڣֻΪͬɳͳʮڣɳ֮΢ɳͳ֮⣬ȴз磬һ㶼ɳɲ
΢ЩȻҲ֪һЩӦɽ֮һģֻӣѾǺܾԶ顣뵽롱ȻǴͷ
ɽ΢ȴûçײҲδȫŸոǼС
˵ʲôëǼСƺҲֻǺԼż֪Լ˭΢ǾСһȽϺãһڸԼһӣǵȻǲɵȥ


ʮ ȻȦ
ɽ벻ߣȴ൱նʯ񣬿ľɽףŨߣ˵һɽˮ֮ء
ո棬΢ۿͨڤɽ˽ͨȻ㣬ûʲôΪ̤ͨͨڤɽȻᱻ壬ߴһֱɥ
ϵϢȴҪӳأ֮Ϊһʿ͹ҲǱ֮Ҳ⣬ĹҪⶼһɵڣǹڶƲϣֻһЩаʿɢ޲Żȡ
ʿ߹ȻԽڶʱΪһЩΪ͵ķ׶ҲԣǾǶ
٣٣ⶼǶɵǹߵĶȡ·ӡ
ͨ˴̥Ҳʱ⣬ɹ֮Ҳˣٱٸ̣ûûôѰĹ»Ұεʮͻɢ
ɵ͹˵ˣľΪ˳ֻ֮֮࣬ҪҪãɵɾҲҪȹߺܶ࣬ǳʶҲ
Է棬һ棬Ȼзһ档
һЩٽݾѳΪĿģֻΪԷͶΪаޣȻΪĴ۾٣ͬյĶˣɷҲֻмһ·
Ȼ˭֪ƫƫͲסջֻŪˣʼ̤а޵ĵ·
΢ǰһ룬һ֮أͨ˵Ǿ֮أЩа˵ȴõ
һ˵ֵط϶аռ
뵽΢΢΢ü֮ǰǼСĻЩôˣݺᣬҲûбҪΪأ⣬΢ۿ뵱аȻ̾źܶаޣҲǴһӡ
ȻˣͿɣ΢룬Ǽǰ£˵۹·˷ʲô鷳΢ҲԵһʱ֪һȦ壬΢뿪ǡ
ϵɽ£΢ͷԶй޴ڡ
ľȥ΢ڰٲֵ޲С΢ͣ½Ųϸ۲ޡ
Ī΢üͷһ壬ҿһۣôððʧʧȥȻᱻơ
΢һȥƵ֮ĿͷһȻǹ鶯Сģ൱ĺˡͨڤɽΣȻǹеģͲôÿˡͬޣһƤͷͬãһһɷ
΢Ϊʲôûȴû˿η壬ȷΧû˴ڣ޲ʮĵطͻȻѡ
ʩչһ䣬Ϊֻ鶯СĹǶãɲ֮䣬΢Ѿȡ¾лɡнС
һط΢طץʣǽŪˡ
ȻȦףǲ֪ʲôҪң΢֪ѾһȺаռʮ󣬾֪ǼС˵ǻѻ
ʣǼСƭԼʲô֪óȻﱻа޷֣Ȼһս΢ǹƥа޵Ķ֣ʱҲѲƤ
ȻԼҪԼء
Ȼ֪Щ΢Ȼ룬Ҫ֪֮ϣ˵Ϊﵽɵ͹Ȫаޣ΢ֻСʦצһЩֶҲûл·
΢а޹ɡɽ·ߡ·ʱ΢͸оǰ涯һƬľ֣ſһʯϢ
һͼǰС·֮Ͽ첽һˡ
˴һĳۣ΢һȻǿԿͷƣʣɵСʿֻǶԷƴ˿˿Ȼһаޡ΢ʿһ㶡
죡
΢֮֮ͱǰǿ̫࣬˵ǹĿǵסԪʧԡ鴮ŴԪȨһڵʿڣǸǴˡ
Ȩ˵˽ʯǰҲǴԪĵӣֻӶʯҲЩֶΣΧȻҲߣֻû뵽
΢ϸȥûпʯκαȻǡ鴮ϣһʯΪҲĴ󾳣ŶãȻѾС˵þΪ̤аԵʡ
аʿٶȶǳ졣
ʯ߹΢ͻУǰһһ˿첽߹βʯ΢һһЦȻһˡ
һϵǴԪԨ
ϵ˿һأһֽףֽϵﲻϵı任λȻһ׷ٵԨȻƾһŵ׷ʯ
Ԩٶȼ죬Ȼʩչسɴĵһʹ·߹ûŨС
һ΢ûֵƬ̣ȷ֮Ŵ֮
׷ȻΪǴԪʧԵֻΪֻһǰ΢˼⣬ΪԪ˸û˸
룬΢óһܡ
ԪΪߵģҲλԨﵽ󾳣ֻһͿԲء
Ԩ֮£ʦȨҲĴ󾳣󾳽磬˵ӣ͸˵ˡԪССɣҲǺˣһ·׷ٹҲֻԨܸϣϡ
ϵʿһ룬δЩдˣȻϵ󾳵ʿаҲŮһС治ģΧϵֶٸΣ˵þ͵ҲӲ³
뵽΢ЩԥҪҪˡ
ԨϵǺܲģΪһţ֪Ԫһݴȣ΢ʮ־壬˵΢ԨҲ˽顣ȻˣܹܲˣԨ룬Ҳ΢źޱȡ
룬΢Ťͷ룬ȥô˵ԼҲ٣Ща޵ΪĪĸϮٲɣ
΢Ҳ׼ʱ£צȻδﵽһ䣬ɾҲ֮ǰǿһֹ֮⣬΢ƷлɡԨġ̿շͼ齣ͼҲм鷳΢ҲٿӲһĵˡ


ʮ ׾
΢ԶԶĸԨڰ·ͻȻһɼΪŨܵƮֱֲָȵһƬƯ뿪΢ҲǸԨ
£΢Ҳûӣɽ֮·ֻһ·ߣӦûд
һ·ȥ·Ǿʮ䣬Բ񶼿׹УǻҲȻû·СƬ̣ɽ븹ŲôŨܡ΢һƬ棬ʯʯҲǶᣬӶӲݵУЩԫϱڵпóϵģС
һƬ˿Ѿۼ˲Ӱ˹У΢ϸһˡ
Ԩϵʿ˿ںһа޶ΧѾһаΧס΢Ծһʯ̨ȥȺа޵Ҳиֻӣ΢ͿͷƵаޣҲаޡ
ʣǶǴﵽɵ͹Ȫʿ
ԨϵȻ󾳣Ե˭ûӣͻܲסǶ࣬οЩаޣƻǹ𣬶͸һ֮ȻаޣȻǿ֮ͬڣа޺ռơ
ЩаһӵϣԨǶ֣Ща޲δȺ֮£ֻһȪ󾳵Ĺ޺ϵа޶һԹս
΢΢˿ϸһҲԨҲһţ󾳵Ϊ˿ңʩչĸ¯࣬ǹΪﵽȪ󾳵аޣȻռϷ硣
һԣ΢֮ǰǸʯһаɫš
ʣȻϵ׷ʯȻֱʴԪʧ䣬ǳôаޡֻ΢˵а¶ǲأǲֶΣһһԨȷǳ΢Ԥϡ
΢ûмԨ֣˿һϵֳһ̴ǽ̤󲽣۶аʩչε޷ԨϵֵôֻԨһɸһɾһ磬൱
а޻ɢһ˫ƺʮΧһſľȻǱһצץԨ߽Ųһ̧һָһ֮Ȼ㽫ľצײ顣аſһ裬Ӭͬڷ籩һӿԨֽ裬ڣˮòЩӬҲһʵķ顣
΢ȻҲ˶ȴ֪ȲԨϵ
аȻЩջ𣬵ǳϵ壬˦ֶڵϡֻһͬѪһ㿪ʼ档
аƣͨģٶѪ⣬а
адʣͼ־գ֮ͰʮʽȻʩչһּΪ߶˵

һ죬ղµһΧǸֳһɫ׭ģһЩ׭γһۼΧ㼯һϣɲ֮䣬ͱһƯڿеľ޴ͷ
΢ֲֿĵĹһһ˶ߣ޴ޱȵͷǸо顣
Ưڿеͷͬһ㣬ɢž˵ϢԨһɫأ֮ͨã
˵꣬ͷͻȻȥԨһ־ͬʱȡһɢžϢķ׭ҧһھѪֱ˦ֶ
׾
һǣһ״˲׹⾹Ȼǽյ磬ΧҲǾɢȥһЩ޸һ۵׹֮²ҽðһЩΪСĹ޺͹»Ұֱӱ׹յĻɢ
΢ҲǴһΣֻҪͻ׹⡣߶֮ĸҴ΢٣ؾйٷ壬Բһܵ˺ֻвʰˡ
ٿǾ޴ͷͷһǲҽһֱӻΪС
ֻһڿȴһ׺۾òɢ֮󣬼ֱ
ŴԪ׾˫һȻ¸ʰ·磬ոѾ͵Ԫ֮ȷҵȡȴдãʱǲܻ㣬ȰִֻأҵֻȺ֮׾Ǿף˫ȭѵ֣һӵϣǰаȻҲܴ󣬶׾Գڶ࣬˿ȴЦ˵
ʩչ׾ԨҲܣŵΪҪΪ̣󾳵ʿɵĻȴʮͨġġƷʣȻȡҪϺܶ࣬ǲ⡣
ˣȻҲܵԼ׾ٵˡһɫƷĵʿʩչΪŵΪҪΪϸԴԪŻ
ϣһɫĵĿ˵ǷëǣУҲֻһЩŴ֣һǱɱһڴԪյ˵ӣȻһһԨһϵ£ҲֻſԽ׭֮ǿʩչڵġ׾˵ӣȻҲʩչ׾Ҳǡ׾ʵϣȴͨ׾ڡ
Ԩˣ׾ʧˡ
˷Ԩʩչŵ׾˶ļ󡣲˿ԨȴǿţʯͽǵߴԪʦµ鴮ͽҿԲܣʦүµĶһҪȥȼȻϣǾͽƶƴһҲĿܡ
ⷬ΢൱
֪²ˣȻһȪ󾳵аޣаûһҲаʮим͸ղа޲µĴڣԨһˣʩչ׾
ԨǼֲߣѾƴһսľΪǿԨϵҲû˿ԥǽһߣˣȻֵ΢塣
ʿȻԼѰǾݹҵĺˣаɱʮ˵ΧаҲΧ
΢֪ٲ棬ϵɣҲܿϵɥһ߳
ʲôˣ¾а˹ֻǿ΢ϵٹٷһ
аޣҲ֪һЩ˲ǡ
Ǿɳ֮٣ɹٲ˵ǵΪɹپȻҪһЩٱӴҲǵġ
Լٳ֣Ǵʧɫһʱ侹ȻЩǰ
ǰԨѾƴһսȴû뵽΢ͻȻΪһȻǼʶ㣬Ȼϵ΢ϵĹٷһȥݷ΢ֻ˵΢ǾƷ벻ѾǰƷѲΡ
Ԩ˵΢Ѿ׵ǺôĵӣĽأκ̤룬ȾȻɷˣǴΪˡ
΢ûпԨ·˲ʶԨҲ򵥣̻⣬Ҳûп
ôһñӿ۹ȥЩа޶Ŀɿڴ֪


ʮһ ز
Ҫ˵룬ҲȷĽأɽ֮£΢ѾõĽ
Ǽӳ˷񱮣ѾԶķѾľĽأҲѾԼˡ
΢ô˵ҪռһȻթסЩаޣ
΢ȻֶΣΪԨϵһЩǳֶΣס棬ЩаôһСʿĻ
˿΢һгһֺŵǰ·а޲Ծÿ
Ҫ֪а޵ʵ΢Ҫʤһƫƫ
Ща޵вΪ֮Ȼó΢ٵΪ಻ǹ龳ĹޣЬ䣬ڣƫƫûһа޸Һ΢ӡ
Ϊ΢٣վŵ
ʱһаɫ죬еѾ͵͵ϢȷɣһһƷѲΣλô죬ҪҪɱֻһ
ǧ嶯ٱվŵһ¶ض·ӣҾ֪ƷѲ߶һйôֻһˣҿ͸Ź졣
⻹ԣЩȻΧҪȥͨ籨ţǾ鷳ˣò˶ãͻдǰ
ǲУǷѾĻҵһزҪжǲɣûлˣҪ֪ǿǳﻮѾãԲǰ
԰꣬ΣĪǾûֻҪôδز£˽زصŵһЩôҾͲܾܾ
ã˼ֻһپܾأ
ܾǾֻܽɱȻλ·
ͷа޴˿ô֮飬ⲻ֪΢ȻǽⷬԻ
΢Ȼֻ֪һû֪ЩаĶ֣ԼϵһӲˡڣЩа׼ԼĵϸȻˣһԷҪԼֻ뷨ӴӦõĳ·
ϣ΢һš˹
£мΪߵа˹ģǹ󾳣һɵΪﵽ󾳡аޡ⼸аѾԴ˿װһ֮ɫǰλٴˣһ˵
òţʲô˵Уٿһа޹ۼڴˣҪʲô΢˵ʮ㡣
˵Ща޲ý΢ж˿飬ҲֻǽŭѹǸΪߵа֪˵ϻûãֱС֮ǰ˵˳
λٴˣ˴зزصϢֻа֪ҪزصĶҲˣֻҪһʱˣͿԿǴԸ̧֣ĶһݡаȻᣬɵ󾳵ʿΪǰҪߺֻܶ࣬ҪһоͿԽԷɱ治ң٣ûŪ֮ǰôֻǵ˵
΢֪Ща޵ƣԼӦЩа޾͵ɱˣʱԼϵһˡ
΢װģ룬ȴ˫װ´Ѷ֮ŵ˴зزأ
˵ʱ΢Ҳǹ¶һ˿̰֮ɫаͷһ֪ţµûϢѾ˰꣬˴ǰ룬һţ˵вٷʿڴֻǲ֪Ϊιѣһҹ֮һʣҲдУط뵱Уܿɾȡŵıء
΢꣬ѾǽˡзزصϢȻ˰֮ãЩаޱȻѾǽ̴棬ֻΪزص̣ԲŻȵڡ
ڴԪ鴮ӦþǿزصġԿסҲ֮һԲŻʯǰȥԪ
գǿزصӣպԨ׷ʯ˴ñԼײôһĻ
Ȼľ΢ĶǷزȤ
Ҫ֪ɳͳ֮⣬з磬ҲǴܣķҲɵ֮ͬ˵һŵжȻ౦ܵõһҲȻòֲһаӡ
ԼڼȻѾ֪˴ǲӦԷߵЩа޶ȻԼơ
һϷȥ
΢˵Щ£ҪԨϵֻҪԷӦ֪ô鴮ڸǿдߣһζǿͺɱ죬ԨϾֻ󾳵Ϊش󾳣ǾͲ鷳ֻҪԸ⣬Խһа޾ɱ
Ϊ
΢Ը̾һԼΪ㹻Ҳòô鷳ڶԷɵԼݣ̸ôһݣԼһͻᱻЩаɱ
΢װģĿƬ̣ŵͷãȻˣǱپͰһΣģֻҪɣ֪£˵ǰ棬زĶҪɡ
⵱Ȼ΢ʨӴ󿪿ڣ֤ԼҪͶԷȻаһҲǴΪģֻҪԷּۻۣ˵淢²ᡣʱֻҪıóǷΣ
ǾһΪаͷҲǵͷӦ
һ£ƶҲһţҴԪ鴮Ϊ˿زصİɣȻˣıҲӦƶһݲŶԡʱԨͻȻ˵Щаһ㶣ܿȻϵʿ֮ǰ֪زص飬ִҪӻȻ֪ز֮£̰Ҳ
˵ϵʿҲʮѲǡ׾аͷҲסĺϵʿƴȻʧҿزصʱӣһʲôʧǿɾ׷Ī
뵽ΪаôطƬ̣ŵͷͬ⣬ԨϵʿҲһš
΢һԼûаæǽһթЩаޣΪ˱סԨһϵҲ飬֪ӲӲײûκôԼԴ̡֮£Դϡ
ȻƽΪ֪ΣյĻں棬ϾԼǹһǰһЩа֪΢Կ϶Ща޻ɱڡ£Ҳֻһһ
ִˣлˣʱ΢һ֪Ԩû˵ֻ΢΢ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
Ща޻΢֪аһƨԲò
ʱ֮ͻȻɢһ¹⴩͸Ũպһ±֮ϡ


ʮ ɱ
ʱˣǱаͷӿһĻɫ߹ȥͼ¹ҫ֮£ƽұھȻǸֳһ
ׯϣ΢գǺЦһ̨֮ϣһƽ̯ǰһǰ
֣ˣزڣаͷʱ򼤶˵ЩʿûʲôɽһжǿԼΪΪ伫ʲô¶ó
Դ֪뵱зıأЩа޾ͰͲסΪǳﻮʮ꣬ǿǷɵֻҪʵǾͿ
ʱһа޶Χȥʮа޹ں棬ȻҪ΢ԨٿаͷӴӻȡұڵĹǰڳһ󷨣һƤȡһ鴮󷨵С
ԨʦүµıЩͲסҪǰȴ΢ɣ
ԨʱӦȴɫż˵ʦүµıʲôҪ˿ۼǰûȡȻļ١
ƶʦүƶΪǳӦЩаޣҲôԪܴ˴衣Ԩ˿аǳϲԣȻ㴷һ
΢Ȼóϵ飬ֻǴһ£ʵֻһ
΢ǽ׶Ԩһ֮ǰ΢թЩаޣǾһ亹иж΢֪˷գȴԼΧݶǷˡ
ԭΪϴε飬Ԩ;Ƿ΢飬ԲŽԪ֮ءԪơؼ΢Ǳ𣬲һΣͲ֪αˡҵҪĻǶʦүµ鴮΢飬ԨֻǼ
ǵ˵ͷû˵ȿаܴܲνķزء
ٿǰ棬аͷɱ˼ͷ׽ޣѪұڵķ֮ϣһ̣ǹȻŤ飬һ죬Ȼǵضɽҡұ֮ѿһ죬һɿһѷ쵱кХһЩΪǿаֱӱĶᡣ
ãزѾ鴮Ҳòˣ㻹ɡаͷʱ鴮Ԩ
ոտزõ󷨣鴮ۣ˿ڿȻòˡ
Ԩץס鴮ϸһû˳˿ģаͷӿȴΪм鴮ûκγ֮˵ҿʵԹʵôȲܷҲأΨһôǿһزڣǴԪ⵱ɱֲս˥䡣
Ԩ˿ѰʦүҲûٳ嶯£򱾾ͺܸƽﶼᷢŭһҲΪ͵ʦűһŭ׷˴ûз𣬶ǵʦүĶһʯͷҲԲܶ
һаնǲΪȻֻ΢Եͷ
аͷ˵Ļ΢Ҳ֮Աǣ˵鴮ûô΢š΢Լۣ֮£鴮ɫıֱʣҪ֪ӵ۵ڣ΢ҲԨһûһȵ鴮ϵı⡣
Ҫ˵֮ȼģֻͨڤɽؿ¥Ǹдššˡ
֮΢š족鴮һûõİ裬ֻΪԪĴжˣ޷ðˡ
ԨҲɵʮʿľȻЩа֮Ȼȡ鴮Ҫ뿪ҲСЩа޼Ȼزص͸¶ô뿪Ϳز֮ǰǾԲСԨҲѹû뿪˼΢Ϊ˰Ѿǽ˵ȥԨаͻΧĪ΢һ
ٴˣزشѿҵʱھͻ£ǵʱǲ࣬λ룡аͷʱһƣΧаȴһΧں棬ȻӲġ
΢ûӣֻӲͷƤԨһ𣬸һȺа޽ѷ쵱С
սȥ΢а޴ȥܲ̽û⣬һЩٴ̽һСƭǣͲٳˡ
仰΢治ɫѾ֪鷳ˡ
Ҳֻһһ
ѷ쵱ХƬ̣ȴǷǬһǰͻȻʣһ޴ĶߣⶴߵУһɶߵķаǰ鿴ͻ
һɺɫϯмźɫĹӰֻɲ֮ϯ˶û
ɫĹļͻȻգ֮Ѿ΢Ҳһɲ֮ѾǿΧаޡ
ͻȻ֮䣬΢оһΣϮǺԥſлɡһ̣оɡϴһײú˼
ٿɡ֮ϣȻ֪ǱʲôһЩֱӻ΢ҲǼʶ㣬ȴǲ֪ʲôղԼѾС
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΢ʱоʹޱȣǴŹٷѾɢˡ΢Щ֣Ծһĵطɡһ衣
Ũ֮£Χžޱȣ΢֪ոսаûһҲаʮھȻһˡټϸոͻȻϮͽðĻأ΢̷Ӧ
ã󷨣
ǧ󷨱֮һѰķֻǽ֮֮ͬһЩΪܲˣֻҪǾͨ󷨣гֵɰ󷨰ڷŴ߶ɵԲһ߽ʿ
΢²⣬Լһɱ󡱡
бҲһַ࣬ΪܶС࣬Ӿǣ޻ȻҲɱ֮࣬΢Կ϶Լ뵽һɱС
󷨵ļܸߣԼոܶιƾϴŵĹ£ǵɱ󣬾Բֻǹ¾£ɱǻһؽһأֱ֮˾Ϊֹ
΢ù˭뵽澹ȻһɱǾЩаҲ֪˿̺ԼһҲɱС
ʱ΢춯ǽɡ漴һɷͬˮһӿ˲ʱ΢͸о̶һ㣬олɡţ΢ѾͻȻðһɷɢˡ
ɷǶ嶼մȾֻƿأ˭뵽ɱȻɷ


ʮ ҩʯ
΢ʱǿ֧ţҲǾЩǺ͵භ㲻УҲӦ֮Ҳܻ֡Ǵ˿ֻ̣Ǳ򣬶һֲ˶á
һѾлɡֻƷһɷײѾ𲻿ֻټƬ̣ʱԼĻɱС
ʱԱŨһӰ΢ǰץ΢·Ȼ̤Բ̤ǣŲơ
΢ץסʱͷ˭ˣҲûеֿΪѷǵС
˴΢Ĳ߳ʮ֮һ̣ΧŨͻȻɢ٣΢һԼȻǱ߳Ǹɱ
ִˣû˰ɣʱ΢ӳɱ˳ʵԨϵò˵ϵһţΪȻҲо΢֪ոնȻϵҵ󷨵֮أĲ򻻳Լܳ
û£л֮΢ʱԨǹһ񣬱Ĳ˵ֵ֮΢л
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΢һȻˣҲǰңԨķţΪٸҲɱУԼҲûãɱɲ㱳Ŀɽ󲻴
ʱ΢˿ΧĻѾ֮ǰǸͨһɽҲû֮ǰЩΪǣȻһʯǽҲ֪ôطġ
Լϵ֮⣬ûˣаһûп
ԨҲ΢룬ɱͬСɣܲ󷨵ˣһˣûнŷֻʱ仯λãƶǶ֮ҲӦþǵʱŵλãǳ֮λþͱ任ˡ
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ԨȻҲ뵽һ㣬һ·ǰߡЩа˵ǲзزأ΢ǾÿԴϾոɱ赲ߵġ
ͨƬ̣··ҲֻѡһߣؼΣ΢ԨԹ֮УЩѱ淽λ
ʱ΢ǰһʯң۾һ˹ȥ
СģʯнƣóȻҲѲƤԨʱҲǰϸ۲죬оһŵͷзƿִˣÿһ¡
΢֪ԨΪԶԼ֮ϣҲûж˵ԾÿվһԡͼԨʩչֶΣȡ±һ̳һ죬ƺţƤƵһ㣬һ̣Կʯ֮һ㱡ĹӦơ
ͬʱ΢žļ죬Ƕȥʯĸλãһָ׸ǴСʯͷѾѿ
⡭ʯԨ΢ʯȡµĿ鿪ѵʯͷǾһ
΢ҲһȻҲ˵ʯ
ʯǼ컯֮ʯ񣬴ֻ̺֮֮زܳɵʿǹʿʱʯ֣Ȼ°빦νǰе츳ͬľֻҪһͿе˲У£ʮ꣬ʯ︨ҲԽʱ̡
ʿĵ˾ܽԼʱĶȻõĶ
ʯãȴ˶У֮õѾɳ͸Űѳ֣ͨʿСһɣŪ١ԨΪԪţҲÿʯУҲƿʱŻʹãȥһЩﻻȡһЩԴ
ֲһƾĿʯģڴֱˡ
ĸʯýƵĵط϶ʲô˲õĶ΢Ԩðôһͷ
¶˺ƿʯҵĴţ˲͸оһ΢˾һٿǰ棬Ŀɿڴ
˵΢ԨϵҲһ
һʯҲֻڷ˸ߵļӣϣȴӿҩ˱ǡ΢֮£ʯ֮ڵֱѾ¶ˮˡ΢סľùտе
ɲ֮䣬Ĳ֪˶õľյһɶȻЩȫ΢ĹΪôһ£΢оԼĹΪȻ͵һأȻﲻͻƵĵزҲʡȥһµĿޡ
¶ʮأԨҲǺ޲һľʮأԨעȫϡ
ÿһ㣬ÿһ㣬ɶߵļϣŵһʯеͬͷСеָֻ׸ǴСһָտɳԭʯ˵΢ԨҲûмƣôʯԪҲûС
Ҫ˵ϵǲֻ˼ǿѹ¼飬ȻһǸ𣡡
ٿұߵļϣȴǰڷŲҩƿҩ֮Ǵ﷢ģЩҩԨȿЩʯҪ
⡭ǾǡԪƶûп۰ɣⲻǻɣ˿ϵһǰͬǺ«СһɫдʣҲԨˣһ仰ʯ׵ãҩ󣡡
ʯֶֻҪģŪһЩһЩطҲһЩСҲڳ١ǵҩͲһˣѵãҪһҩҪֲͬݣҪǣʦС
Ȼ֮ʿţëʦȴһǾϡȱ֣˵ʦҲŵȣʦֻ˲Ķ
΢Ȼ٣ҲֻǰƷԨȻǴԪţԪҲʮʿûʦⵤҩȻҲûеġ
ԼϵĵҩԨŻ˵ʧ̬
ʣһأ֮󣬱ηˣȻ΢Ԩܿűá
Ҳн飬Ҳɴ࣬Ԩִˣչأһһ룬Σ
ɣ
΢Ҳ˿ʼʯÿʯڲҲ·ģһ㶼ԷֳɺҴСһ㣬һʮ죬һһ롣ҩ΢һ鷳ͬĵҩЧòһֵҲһ΢Եҩ˽ⲻ࣬Ԩȴ֪ϵʿҲûв˽ǽ⼸ֵҩЧö֪΢
ؾʿôȻΪԽߣЧҲԽԪȴʿܷõĵҩ
ģǻȻȴǿԿٲʧ˶ԿԷӾ޴á


ʮ ֮Ȫ
΢ϵһ飬ҲƽֵˣȻһЩҩ΢ʱòţԺòϡ
ֻܿ΢֣ЩʯҩȻ࣬ԼҪҲЩ㣬ЩԨһǺһЦȴǱϷһȡһƴСĿڴݸ΢
΢Ҳûмʶˣһ⿴ƾɵĿڴǳԾĪǬ
ûǬִ˶ƶҲжƶպжһǬ͸ִˡԨΪ˵
΢ȴ֪ǬļֵУǬҲ˶У˵ͼǬҲһ
ҪǬԲ£ֵٿԻöʯ
΢ҲûпûǬЩòߣ΢ҲռԨ̫ˣⶫǷϵһ飬νֶ̣˵΢Ҳǲƴֱ֣ӽԼʯȥöʯЦʱǬ΢е飬΢Ҳ޹»ǬģԪҲףǲգ΢ҲûǬ
ԨһһЦãǾִ˵˼
˵̸΢߶ǬĿھ΢ʮʯͼƿҩǬ
֪̽Ǭ֪Ŀռ䲻ҲСаô󣬷һЩӦ㹻ˡ
Ǭպã΢鼫ѣԭľٶѾǱ˿̫࣬ʯ͵ҩ۹ΪɵΪӦûڶʱһ¥
ԨϵҲһ⣬Ԫ˵һɣʵѾûʮˣҪȻҲü˿ӣȡʦүԪµ鴮Ҫ˵УԪѾûж٣Ҫ˵ҵףǲֵһᡣŪЩʯ͵ҩԨ˼ǿɵԼΪҲٽһһǿҪɵؾͻƵһͨľǾͲһˣɵĹģһ
סУɷԨԸ
ЩôҲ˵زȷ£΢ԨЩ˷ܣȻһʯңǾ˵еڶ
һ̼ӿٶѰҡʯң΢ԨǰУ첻аʱޣǻѰҳڣǵ˺ôȥҲǰ״
߹һЩڣʱǰһͨڴһǿҵ˶һǳ˹ȥ
ǰһܴʯңʮ࣬ʯש룬ʯ֮Ũ룬ȻһȪˮӿȻֱֻ۴ϸȪˮƿֲʯҲȲϡ
⡭ǡȪԨ˵ŲҲһţ֮ǰʯڵЩʯ͵ҩûʧ̬΢һȪ֣Ҳһ㶣ƣµȽʯϵʯֻµΪҺϵĪǾȪ
Ԩһ㶣Ȼû뵽΢Ȼ֪֪ʶҲǵ˵ͷִ˲ѧûȪ˵ֻɳԼŴڲŻӵУȪڣ츣һأԲﶼԣҲֳ̺ݣʱȪĵطдž͵ؽɣռ֮أҴԪһȪȻԶʢ׳󡣡
óԨһĶ˼ЩʯֻһʱȪû⣬ٿһӣǰꡣ
ôʱ䣬㹻һЩɵԪмؾʿᱻһ͵аޱȵֵز
ʱһͨӰ΢һ֮ǰаޣԷ࣬ԭϰˣɴ˿̲߰ˣ΢а޿ܶǸɱСµĶΪ֮аͷӺȻҲС
ЩаͬȪһĿ¶֮ɫһ̰ȻҲϳȪ
ٺϵʿȻţʱЩаҲ΢Ԩһ㶡
ҲЩֶΣȻԴɱҲΪֹˡаͷʱ˵һ䣬а޴˸ɫǿ
СģԨܵһɱԴһ䣬΢ȻҲǷֲԣ
аͷЦ߹һ仰û˵̧һ˦֮ͬһ㼤ĿȻǰ΢Ԩ
ȻҪɱˡ
΢ǸоΣգаͷɵ󾳵ΪԼ̫߳࣬¶ԷͨһԼס
ۿһ΢ȻǶܲԨʱһʩչͼҲһ˦һͭͭһ͵΢ǰ΢ǵ⡣
һ죬ͭϵⱻķ飬ײĳȻҲǽ΢˦ȥüԶ΢һͭסĺȻһ׭ĵķɵ
ͭɵ䣬΢ٶƷԨаͷﵽ󾳵ʿʩչǾƷǷ
Ԩͭ΢һԼȴǳ˿һɵ̴ۣ˿ѾǺа޶
ߣϵʱ΢һȴΪаʱҲսУаͷӣһĸаΧа΢
аһͷƣɵСһǹޣͷĵȻǹ󾳣Ҳǿ΢Ϊ಻Са֣ʮþȡ
΢˲ȥ⼸аΪλҶԼ֣ʱͨȥԨΪߣҲֻһˣ˿̱ĸаΧһΪ൱Ҳûʤ㣬Բ΢뿪
һԨǴӶûк֮ǣԨܳѾܿɹ΢ֻ֪Լˡ
΢̤ɻѥٱӣаǽ׷ᡣٶȣԸ죬ҧס΢ͷĵĹޣǸɵСаޣ𽥱ں档
΢֪Ӳǰ취ңҲӲȥĿʵ뷨ӽԷֿԷֶ֮
аһ֣΢ʤ㲻󣬵һһ΢δػ¡
ƹǰһڣ΢֪ʱˣֹͣ£ԥȡͼſ
׷а޾벻ԶϢʱܸϣ΢ҪϢ֮ڽս
ҪɵģǺǸ󾳵аޡ
ȻǹʿǶҪܷͼ壬ͼһſǸ󾳵а޸պøϵֱӱͼ˸棬ǲҽһ𵴡
΢ԥֱʩչצȥ
˿צѾ΢ļΪ죬ǿᣬ󾳵аҲ򵥣Ȼͼ壬ȣ˦һͬһͼֵצ
ֻƷצ˲˺ƣа޴䱻צһΪ


ʮ Ԫ
Ѱצ̾͵ûɢ󾳵аȴû̱꣬Ϊո׳צһˣҲ˲ɥʧսȻаҪȡʱ䣬ȵͬסˣ޸ȴ΢ķͼڡ
аצǿ֮ĩ˿΢߶ͼͼͼϽ֣ǹ޲ҽһ޷ֵͼֱӻΪС
ڣպϢʱ䡣
һа޸ϵպÿͬ鱻ɱ¶֮ɫԼͬʵû뵽һͱԷɱ
аҲǴ֪֮ԷԽսȻǳ˵ƣԼôһ©
ͼֳһѺĳдʣֻһۿɼɷ֮аӿڳ֮ϣһֽ̣ʹ̡
΢ոʩչצûüϢһս΢жԲߣͼһգ˳ȡһ齣ͼ˦
ͼֻܶԸ齣ͼȴǿԶԸɵʿͼһչһ죬Ǹֽа޾ȻǽͼĽе´룬ò˵СʿѾýͼɱ
΢о׼ʱһ䣬ʩչ䡱а޵Ķһɲǵͣ١
һ̣ͼһֱӴа޵һţǴӺðѪҺȴǴ
ͨһʬء
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΢֪ԼһɱаޣһԼвٵƣͼצͼҲЩаС
һаޣ΢δӮˣֻһΪﵽȪģ΢Ҳһꡣ
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ЩһͶµģ֮ԼϷ³ʲô⡣
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΢֪ǿʳ٣еʱҲܵģףӲΪǸ
սƷȫǬУ΢ԥȥԨȻ̸Ͻ񣬵Ҳܲܲˡ
߹հƣ΢ص֮ǰǸʯҵʱȴǱǰһĻ˵
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ԭȪӿˮأ˿̾ȻҲǿݽߣ¶һ󶴣ֱ£ס
΢æǰ鿴ȴ̾˿ʬ壬ԨѾϢȫޣˣ˻ҲʧĸɸɾʿɱҲ꣬ʣ﷢һսԨɱаޣԼҲ
֮ǰԼ̸Ц׳ԪԨ˿̳˱ʬ壬΢Ҳ鸴ӣϵϵǬѾǲ֪٣ʣȻǱаͷȡߡ
Ȼ΢֮ǰҲϵԨܻѣǸоһ˿˸С
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˿̣΢ǵһõ鴮鴮Ҳ֪ʲôľͷƳɣѹ֣ƻƣ͹ⷢŨ
Ԩ˵һ鴮ǴԪʦԪӴĶԪ¶֪ʲôá
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΢һϸǷķ򣬾ȻԼ֮
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ƶԪӣСʿᣬӰƷ֮λʵƶΪ޷ȥȵħǷӡƿħ㹻ɱٴΡǧΣ


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鴮ϵ˿ɫ˵ⲻ֪΢һ䣬;ò˼顣
ԪӣĪǴԪʦΪﵽֻһͿƼΪɵĴԪӣ΢п𣬷һ䡣
΢òԾǴԨûǴʦĴ˵ⴿԪǰΪͨ죬Ĵޡڵ΢˵̫ңԶҪ֪ɵ֮¾Ŵ󾳽磬ġ顢ء顢ĿԡⷨһٽһǾˡ
괿ԪӺε磬һ֮ԪǿǿɵĴڡԳƴԪӣ΢ŻԾ
΢ķʣȴʮֲмĵߣʲôǳǵ£ƶѾɳʥ
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ĴԪӣȷΪͨ죬Ϊ׿ԽϵȣԴԪһ̤ɵͻͽ겻Ѿ޵ʱνǷһʱһִԪ˿ɵʦү
ʿмѣԪҲ⣬ҲΪһλԪӲѡ
λѣƽԪΪֻȴԪѷһͨˡϡʿֻһͿ
ԪӺͻƽԪʶ꣬Ȼѣ󣬴ԪӵȻ岻ݴǡ֪ƽԪĿĲҲһ޴ı
ͨڤɽ뻹룬ǽ롱һԺʮء
ɳϽ֮أ΢ԺҲ൱͵ɮ޼Ӳ൱ء
ƽԪ˵Ժа޾ۼ֮ԪħʱԪӶҲоһ㣬֪Ժ֮¹ȻаȴûͷӦ˭֪ȴɴ
ԪӺͻƽԪһһǽ˵ʿԺеķ߲ͨˡϡǶ֡һսԺɮ޾ɱƽԪԺΧ󷨣Ը֪
΢֪ԭԭķžȻǱԪӺǻƽԪɣò˵ʿ֮䲻ѣһǾɵ³
ʱѾòԾЩɮ޲аޣֻǵʱڶԻƽԪΣûжʡԪӵ⣬̾
ԺеķޣƵ뵽νķز֮أһɮ
ɮΪߣԪ䶷ȻǲУԷͨɱɮֵͬʱƽԪҲ͵Ϯ֣ɮɱԪӵԤϣֱʱ֪ԼǱƽԪˡ
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ڴԪӾͨطֻԻװһΪһص鴮УһβƽԪűС˾Ҫʲô
Ҳ֪ǻƽԪһħ֮һħطഫɽΪ٣ÿһͶ̥ˣżƽԪֻ֮һĿģҪⱻѹڴ˴ı֮һƽԪڽӡʱ˵˴ѹǹħʬ֮һġʬħʬͨ˳֣Ƕ֡ʱҳûƽԪ͵͵ʩչ׾ƽԪȫɱֹԷӡƽԪҲҵͬھҸ鴮ϵ²һӡűƽֻû뵽ԷȻҵƽ֮Ǳ鴮ΧӡҲΪζԷ뷽跨ȡ鴮ԵʣҶԷǷҵһ˿ͽ鴮ˡԪӵ˿̴һ˿οȻԵΪҲѣ׾ɱƽԪħʬǰѾˡ
ǹħҲ֪ͳƽԪ֮ǰǸаͷӣǹħҲǻƽԪ֮һ˷ﻮѾãҪħʬֻΣûʱʬħ죬ǧ֮һ⣬ʿҲǱɣ㲻ǹСл·ãƶԣֻҪӦԪҾͰӹһѡ
΢ԷľǴԪӣϾԷ֮µҲá
Ȼ˶аͷˣԷΪ˿ķӡһ£ĿֻһƿӡͷŹħʬ
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΢ʱüͷ壬˴Ҳǧ֮ңʬĳô죿ذô죿
вԼĽַѣĪǶܲˣ
ԼǶʱִ龿֪ԼйأҲԻή³ͷϾԼΪƷѲΣְ֮һάͨڤɽ
ȥ΢ͻȻðһͷ
Ϊβȥֹаͷӣ΢һ䡣
ôֹֻ˵߶鴮ûУ㣬һСǶԷ󾳵Ķ֣ǿǲ˺ü磬ȥҲֻһ·ǾӡԪдʡ
΢ֺγ֪ĵĪǾûзӣ
һʱĹɼ֣޻зӣֻ޵̫ңԶһʱ֪ͨĹؿΪߵҲɵػ߹굤磬ӡѾɶʬħѾؾͻ굤ȥҲϧ굱ɢųɣ鴮ɽ֮ʧֻҪٲһħٿǵʬһգʱҲлأϧ


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˵ģ⡣
΢ʵħ𣿡
Ȼǿǹɰ֮һҲǴһϹżżȻ֪֮ڣ֪ħĶ࣬˵ˡ֮ں򣬺;ϵ󣬿ħҪʮά󷨣ǿͷȼйأȻûзҲԣ֮ȴҪ̺ɽ֮ɳ֮ΪһҪ鴮ˣϧһβѾľɽ֮òˡһԲһħ󣬽סٿԷסʬħһգȥҰֻ֣֮ڣϡ٣ҵԣӰɡ
΢ȴûᴿԪһ䣬Ķ
鴮΢ͻȻ뵽һԼ֮º鴮ΪƣҲһ
뵽΢Ǽ˵ʵôߣͷ΢˵ʬǧ֮Ϳ̿˵ΪصİգΪ˫Ϊ΢һ֮һ˿ϣ΢ȥԡ
ǵãͨڤɽؿϹŵдСšң֮Ҳǽ죬鴮Ϊƣǿ
΢ٲԥһ䣺Ԫǰһǰаղһħ󣿡
ҵôܡԪȻš
˵вУ΢ˣ´ԪӲŵһа˳ɰա
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΢̫ˣոսƷѲβ࣬ȻͲǼǣҶȻشˣȹԱ˵꣬ɹǰȻ΢ٱ㽫
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ɫһϲ૵΢΢ֻңĹͶҶҾٲ뵹Ҳһ˰ˣǻҲȻܡ
˵꣬ĴһȺСȥ
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㡭ײңŭɶҲͿˣǾƷ΢ǰƷѲΣֱӳƺ㡱ѾǷ˼ɻ䡣
΢ϵ֪ϴθԼ׵˶ˣȻʲôɫм£ǲԷκ档
һƷ赲ٵ·ѵ֪Ϲ٣еĹɣ
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ߵ£΢̧ͷһͿԿдššֵҽɫı죬ͬһֱĹֱʡ
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΢ٲԥһԾ𣬽˸ߵժ
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ǹع˶ҶңʱҪʾ΢ֱǷˣ죬Ȼժҡ
˾٣ɳʥ
΢ԼԹñˣȡɳʥױң͹չˡ˿̼ޱȣ뵽΢˾ٶȻ鷳ٹع˱㲻˶ԷһҪһͷ
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΢ԼҲ൱ջһȥÿħ󣬿˵Ҫֶ룬ʱͶԷ˷ѡһŭ󵨣ССƷ·ϣǰƷѲΣҪʲôĪǻҪ
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ովǸƷ٣˿ҲĿɿڴȻִˣȻΪ˻ѣҵȻ׷棬ɳʥ⣬ѹؿһȡߣӡɶǻӡ
΢û뵽һ㣬Ҳ֪մԪ˵Ҫǿħ󣬱ҪּſԡҲ޵£͵ȡһ
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ġʥ֣֮մȾʥ԰ôһˣ΢һ㶣ȷ֪ǵһʱΪ֣ǽʥд˸顣ʱ΢Ժ߰˸ī֭ÿϰһʱ䣬ȻǽЩī֭ȫù⣬ʥ֣΢ԱȻҲġ飬Ҳ˵ʥ侪꣬ʫ񡱵ľ磬΢ȻҲ޼ˡ


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ǻǰ飬΢̾ϢһŷӦ⡰šֵ壬ɲʥôԼμ;죬ֻΪ΢ִ֮Լ壬ûϳֻдĺãڲ
ȻˣҾġʥ壬ܲմȾʥ˵һ£ֻҪܶһ͹ˡ΢ʱһһá
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Ҫֻ֪ġʥ֮壬ſܱͨʥдֵմȾʥϢ
΢øҵʱͻȻΧԪȻӿٿ΢ȡµ֮ϣһ׿Ϣӿһ˿뵽΢дµֵСԭƽ棬˿̾Ȼǽʥ⡣
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˿Ԫȴ֪⡰ֽʥѶȣ˵дĲʥ壬ȻҲܽʥ
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˵ʥ飬Բλֳ࣬ʥǷ䡣ЩֻдԪܿˣֻûʲôеľ衣
оͰ֮ǰƷ٣ȻҲ֪ġʥĵʣ˿̿ҲĿɿڴΪˣ΢ľԸӡ
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΢Ҳ˰æܱû˰æãǴٺϰƺƵȥֱ롣
΢ժҵڣҲƬ̣дŶأֻʣ±ɢĿɿڴ͸Сӡ
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΢֮ǰԣһֶš
ʱ̧ͷһպÿعһƱǰȻ˵˿һŭ壬ʦģ
ϲǹǰشˣǰƷѲ΢̫ˣֱĿ޷ͣɳʥժʥң֮󻹶¹ٳ֣ԻڣԵ˴عˣɷﵱﰡ¹ֻΪ΢ֹ𷣡
˵ֱ꣬ӹڵϣһίֻ˵΢Ĳǣȴ֮ڲ΢˵ħʬɳ顣
Ʒ٣ͨڤɽȻǼʶ㣬Ļȣֻ֪ƷѲ΢ȡɳʥңȻһԽǶĻᣬԷķˣôȻɡ
ûǿ߼ǰ̧ͷȥȻĴ֡
ţ
۹һ۾ͿֵĲȻ̺ʥ
˭дģʵæǰشˣ΢дģȡʥңд֡
粻û뵽΢Ȼд̺ʥعţֻתһ룬ֻ֤΢ЩȡʥңΪ͵ԽȨǴɷܶԷںԭ򣬶֮֮ԼΪأϰϺڣ
һƷ׷ȥǹȪ󾳣Ϊʮþȡ
Ƭ֮󣬹־òգԴǰȥҲǸһȥ׼ʰ΢
ȴ˵΢˿ѾǷ룬ʼմԪ˵ķÿħ󡣶΢ҲǴӸٺģ֮⣬΢ǽԼŵ齣ͼȫȡ
齣ͼѾͬƷǴ´ࡣ˿΢۶ԿһɹŹֺжԴԪ˵ħʬҲǳˡ
ǺɫϢʬ˹մȾһȻǹⸯã
΢ǰǸƷͳİٷ򳤣Ȼû΢ۣʱĵʬħǿԸܵ˴Ĳͬм֮ǰǱһɺʴɢֿ΢æǰæһδŵ󷨣Ѿ΢֮ǰԡ
ԭʵҪ˳΢ԷʥֵҪʲôȷҪ󷨣Ҫסʬ
΢˿̳ٷٵ׼̤룬Ѿʬ磬ʮ
ٷȥǲ΢Χ
ʱͻȻ΢΢һ𣬱˿ʲô΢ȴǿһۺ۶ɷ
ãƽԪǼһٶȺÿ죬ħʬķӡǿҪ⿪ˣ΢찴ҽķŲͷⲻסʬˡԪӴ˿̴
΢Ȼ֪̬ڴԪӵָ֮£ħѾɣֻ轫󷨵У߶ɼ
ʱһӰ΢ǰ
ףֳֹƵĳĿһ࣬΢վŵǸٷһɫ䣬ǰ񣺡¹ٰݼܱˡ
Ȼ΢˼ʵ΢ͿˣǻʵĹͷӿȪΪ޵ǹĹϵĹףıǷ
ܱҲ٣ΪŵȣǰӦƷټ𣬹ֲǰٷ򳤻˹
ܱҲٷ򳤣ֱӶ΢΢ٷع֮ûط죬΢ɳʥңԵ־ܡ
ܱ籪ͿԽһĶŵĻɢ΢Ϊ൱ȹ̣Ҵ˷ֱ׳
΢ĵڣ֮ȡʥңΪ˽Ϊ˲Ϊ˴֣Ȼǵʮ㡣˿̲Ǻ޾ɫǶܱĳΪƷѲΣάΪȣȡʥΪ֣֮УĪ˵ǹˣǳޣ¶ĳ΢ءλܱˣԴΪأÿ


ʮ 
΢󣬵ʮ㣬ΪԷȴڵѹԷһ΢˵ĺף˵Ʒܱǳ˺޴Ҳ¡
˵꣬΢޾ɫǰܱҲû뵽΢еһȻԶԡ
õϹƲ䣬ӽɾͱضԪӴ˿Ҳǽס̾
΢֪ʱȣܱĿյǽմԪӽڵķţͼħأǰλõңӳͬҹշǡ
ʱܱҲǷӦʱЩ߳ŭ˵ʱҲϵ
΢Ŀ޷ͣΪ٣֪ڹع٣־ܣԹźԶ΢Ľ
΢üͷһ壬϶Ȼûнħʬ߹ϾٲãҲƷ٣һЩ黹֪ǳģ֪ʬôֹ
ֻ£΢ҲûʱͣҪ̼󣬷ʬԼڳٺˡ
䣬Ԫһ䣬΢һ䣬󣬴ԪͻȻ΢˵㣬עΣ΢ֻýǬһʯͶ󷨣Ž󼤻
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˿̼ǰ˿ӿĴǳȳ΢ڱǰ㻹ҷ𣬻ͣ£ʥֵҶ𡣡
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ң·΢˿ҲƷأȻǱ΢õ󷨸һ¾͹Ҳסˡ
˿΢ȴǳŹһ񣬵ˣ¹ٽɡ
Ѿ΢˿˿ǵ˵û˿ʧ롣
΢ͣƷ٣ҪһƷѲθù˼ʲôǰĴҪϸо
ȻҲʮֽǰδ뵱ѾԿ磬ƺʲôħҪֻǴֽ΢ѺŪٴ
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ʱһѾæʩչֶι΢΢ȻվŰ򣬵һ䣬ʩչ䣬ڵ
Ȼ֪һ䡱֪һ£ҲûС΢ٿõǾһ꣬ʵѳɴʮ꣬Ȼһ㳤ûС
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˵ʾ΢΢ûзһѳɣѾҪżķҲǶԷĵ֡
ʱϵ䷨ʧЧԷѾܻȡеĹƾͺݺ΢
˿΢Ѿ˸ʵãȻܲǹֹȴǹӶ΢ʵʵУˤ˳ȥ
һ´΢𵴣ȻȫһС΢ǸоذðŻָ
΢ˣ΢֤ڽΪ
ͷӲ㣬˼ʮĹͲ֪ڶôд΢һ£ǴΪ⣬һı顣
ˣȽ΢ѺΣ䣡˿һ䣬̾΢Ѻȥ
ͨڤɽؿУһ޽ڵµĹΣһ㣬һһܣ΢ֱӱη
ͷѾ֪΢ʲôˣҸովƷѾ˴Ҫúõġźһ΢ԲŽ΢뵽η
ƵġľƳɣ棬ʱ޿̶ܵǧʹ࣬ľ˺ڹѪʱ䳤ˣḯʴϹ漸죬ûˡ
ִˣ㵹ùүŰɡͷ˵һ䣬Ȼһأﳤȥ
΢ϵûн⿪˿ڱ䳱ʪĵϣľĴ֮ʹ
ЩһﹻݵİһĶľη͵ûɢ΢ΪȻǹСҲֲ˼죬ǰɱȫ󷨣ͱʬɵˣħҲֻܷǵʬһһҹʱǻġԪʱ˵
ǹȻʲôöܲϱʱ޻ǳӦþͿס棬Ԫǰʲôð취΢ʱ˵˿̻ʹѰ
ƶɰﲻ㣬ˣֻһ˿˵ʲô¶ˡԪ޿κε˵
΢˿۵ѾʹԪģ֪ôȥУֻǱ߾лɡľͬûбȡߡ˿΢ŬָľȻʼ龳
˵΢ľ֮ϵĴʹоͼ࣬һʼʹѾʧ١
΢аȻѾ簲ܲܳȥ΢ģ˵ģԨ֪ԼȻ뷨ӽԼŪȥԼǷħйȵȻᱻųȥҲ˵
˵΢ڹһ߹Ҳ΢ЩŹ֣ȻƷ٣Զ統ĴԪӣϵ⡰ħ󡱡ҲҰס²ϱɳʥֱȡͲѹס
Ϊ漰ɳʥԺܿϳһĳ򶽲£ڶû֪ͨ
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ֻӿ֣һӰͬ磬ֱϳȥ
˲֪λʲôȴ֪һֻд·ʱſʩչȥһʩչͻᾪޡ
˲䣬ʶԼƺʲôͻȻ뵽΢ðŶķҲҪʥҲĪֹʲôħʬ
뵽вЩģҲʲôȣΪֻƬʱ䣬һӴϢ㽵١


ڰʮ 
ܵһǿޱȵĹϢЩ˿̣ǹӭλ٣ʣ˱ϹϾǾֻϳ޴ˡ
ȵһϢ٣ŵһ£æӭӣҲǺһƬ˵ޱߵϹ٣һԿɶ
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ģһźڻ䳤۵ˡ
Ѿĵزϳĳǵޡ
һһ۾ͿϵĴҲɫһ䣬˵ֱһӳ䣬ͼһǿޱȵĴ紵Ȼǽ֮ȫ͵֮⣬֮⣬ֲһ󷨸һƬ
ǹֶΣȻλ޲ĻǿһΨһָһ㣬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
оգҿסʬӻǹħʬʱ䣬Ҳƺˡλ˵꣬ɨһ˲µ󣿡
ǹһƷѲΣ΢ΪʥҶԵѾΣ򹧾
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Ҳɣ˲Ϣǧһֱ޵һֱͨڤɽؿεС
޵ڣںͶǵ飬ͻȻ˶Уǵȴ΢΢һЦ֣ʲô㴵ˣ
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Ϊ֪ǣ̫Ѿȫ֮⣬ȻżҲû˵ʲôֻϣ΢ʲô֪ӹһ٣ϣ¿΢˵һ仰
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գƶҲǼʶ㣬Ͳ֪òľʲô·΢ĸⱦܺ˵˵ô
鴮ʱ̫ԪûЪ˵Ǹ΢˵ľǲ˵ܣѹᴿԪӡȻӴʱ䲻΢Ҳ˴ԪӵƢԣҲ¶Է
֮ڹѺĹв٣ڵﲻֹ΢һǵ˿΢ǽ˴ȻǽĹѹ
ܱģ׼֮ΪҲͱľĥĻɢˡ
ЩֶΣ˴죬Ȼûз񲣬ˣҲһݲ磡ԱһЦͷðĵʮʢǹ󾳵Ϊһɷɼףֵľʴ
ݲΣٸΣǱһûɢ֪ˣͲĹˣΣǵ³һηУһͷƤ˵͸һ˿
ʱ΢ѾĹ˼죬ټľĴ̼¸ʵ˺ܶ࣬ԭӰ壬˿̾Ȼһ㣬Ƥ˹
ԽʵȻҲԽǿͬһϣͬĹ磬һʵһɢһͿԻ
ֻķź٣Ϊûʵ壬ԼѺһдȴû뵽ľĴ̼£΢Ȼǽʵһ࣬øˣǱص΢֪ĥľԴǿȡ
ڴʱ΢ͻУûü̧ͷһ̣εеĶƺһ˲䶳һ㡣
ЩȻֹǵĶҲ·ͣһ㣬΢Ҳһֻ鴮еĴԪӴ˿̾һɲֶ֮Σ
ﾹȻһԪӾͬʱڹͷһ񣬴źڻ۵£Ȼ͸ʯ롣
ϳ޼ĵһɷ
ԪȻ޷Ӱ쵽磬ȴǿͨ鴮ŵһʧޡ
ĺεΪȻǿԷ鴮е˿̾Ȼһץֱ㽫鴮еĴԪһ˿˳


ڰʮһ 
ԪͲƣû鴮ıӻȻɢΪ޵ļȻǿó
ãл㣬㲻ɢҾۣһָԪӼҪɢȻۣһӰӡ
˵ӹŹһ˵ĴԪӴ˿ҲǰңҲǳżʩ˸ڣлСؾ
ϵңĶŴԪӿһڰֵòлңҿҲЩֻϧ˸㱾ؾҲֻܼ꣬ʱ򣬾鴮Ҳˡ
ԪȻ֪ԼͷûСźСĶʦԪˣʦͼһЩ飬СҲԵһ档
һȻԭԪͽܣ㻹㲻֮ǰӦѾǷ۷ˣֻһͿԶɽٳɣϧˡ
˵꣬Ŀ˿ﾲֹͬܵ΢΢ʶ
ǣԪʵ档
ʱҲðһͷͻȻԪʵǿħ΢ģ
ǣ
ԭˣ
ĵ˵ͷҾ˵һƷ٣Сζòִԭ㣬ô˵ħʬҲ֪
˵仰ʱ򣬴ԪǸоһɼΪֲɱԿ϶ֻҪԼشвԣλ̾ͻὫɱ
ǴԪѾľ񣬴˿Ҳǽסоһ־壬֮ȻͬСɣɾҲŵȣɵ֮ϣ顢桢𡢵֣֮Ҳоű䡣
Ϊű䣿
ǱҪԹֻ֮أ޹ǻɹɣΪһ䣬ԴۼӣǾűɡ
ֻǾԴԪ֪֮ڣǻûоűɣͬλϳǵޣҲֻɣѾûбˡϾޣ޵Ѿ죬ò޳ɣֻأһʧܱ³Գʮɰգһɾޡ䡱
һ޳ɣһɣҲͨǿʮ
ڼǰԪӻо˿־壬Ͼ޵ֱ꣬鴮꣬ľѾȣ˿̱㽫֪£ҲǺ΢˵ľ˵һ顣
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ѻǹǿнԷǣ鿴䣬ǸһεĶ
˵ѻǰκλԣʲôܶԡ
ޣɣʲôɹ˼ɵģҪʲôᵣĺΪ֮ڣĴڲ࣬ɳ֮ڣ֮ϣ˳֣Żɵ
ֻɲ֮䣬ľͬʱԪӺ΢ļ鿴һ飬˵ûκܿԡ
Ҳ֮ǰжϵһǴԪӻ΢֪ħʬݣ֪ɳ֮¡
¼ķˣҲãԲˡ
˵꣬ҪѻʱĴ΢䵱֪̽ȤĶԷӵԼľ顣
ֵСӵȤȻͨ˵еľУǿٵʱеľǰѾʧ磬СǱǲ˵꣬Ҫȥȡͬʱʩչֶɱ΢ļ䣬һ΢ٲǵκľ飬Ҳû֪ȡߵģҼѾˣ΢Կʱν΢һЩôһ±ɡ
ڼҪʩչֶΣ΢ֽŵʱͻȻ΢һ̾Ϣ
һ̾Ϣƾã·Զţһ˿ͼȡ
ңļΪͻȻ
ֻ˲䣬ĵͱһײ˳ѻҲȻֹ
Ȼɫ䣬Դ޳ɹ֮󣬻δ˾һǷͬСɣͬһ㶢΢
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ǱߴԪҲηѣѻ꣬ҲǱסʱŻع֪ɲ֮Ѿǽ⿪ˡ
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£˵£ҲǾùŹ֣Ȼ̽ˣȻȥ£΢Ƕ٣ҲӦҪӻ˵ľ΢ʮͣ΢Ϊ¶ܵǣڿⲻܷν
ֻһߵĽҡͷ΢ҲֻɣȻӦüνʬ֮¾й¶һν΢ûɣΪɲ˵˵ʥ֣һԵɣξǹ֣ͨڤɽİƷѲҲΣƷ䣬ƽְɡ
ò˵¿ǵ൱ȫΪʬ飬ͨڤɽһǷ֮أ΢ߣҲǱ


ڰʮ 
ԭĹغ٣Ͳܲʹˡ˵΢ʾҪȴ֪鲻Щɴ˵Ϊ񼫣Ӧϳͣ˵һ䣬һȴɱ
Ҫģϳ٣ΪĻˮ룬û뵽Ҳǵͷͬ⣬ΪԾ
ȻѯʣȵλǰȥͨڤɽħʬȴǴλ޵Ŀͣǰȥ΢ȥ֮ǰԨҲһϣϾ֪Ԩ΢ֵܡ
Ԩ˵΢գΣȻʮֽ˴ϵͨڤɽʱͨڤɽѾϣ˿̣ͨڤɽĽ
һʱĵһֱΧҪѯһô¡֮ǰ޴һͽ˶ɨȷһٵľ
ЩҲС
ģ޴˰Ȼǲ˵ڳҾʲôƨʬҲʲô˵ĶħҲ٣ϡ
һ죬ͺļٴ˸к͵͵˻ȥҪȥʰһ΢΢϶Ӳˣ˵ͱɱˣڻȥúĥԷһ
ͷ΢ͶľηľȻǼľη׵춼÷Ϊ㣬ȣǶֱӻɢ
΢ؽȻһʱ䣬ҲԲܣȻҲŪ΢ֻҪܳͷһɶС
ֻ֪ǰŸս˹ΣԨ˾ѾҵѵĹ
ֻƷ٣Ʒ²һģҲñϹϾԼ򣬹ǰɻ󣬰ĳôҲˣ
ɻɻ󣬵Ҳֻǽһ仰ȴǽЩԵ
˿ûк͹к˼ֱӰϳλǵ޴֮ͨڤɽع²ְָ죬㣬˭֪ħȴ
ħʬ̫أһħ£ðĻҪ졣
û뵽ԼȻΪ¶˹٣һʱ׻һŷӦ
԰΢߹ԷħԼȴǹϱȻԼۡ
뵽޲ҵҧҪ֪һ·ŬƷٵλǺεȼѣȴΪһŪıְ졣ʣ;ǳˣһǰһЩ鱩¶˵λǻҲδܱס˿̸Ƕ޵ҧгݡѯʣֱӽʺӿԴϣڹٲȻѾһְأ֮
ǹڣʵ˵صؿʱ򣬹һãȴǼæ΢Σֻ»ȥҪ΢
ԨһǼˣ˵͸ؿҲǼæϣԼӦȥ΢ȳΣ˵΢ʶ˵΢λǵ˺ţ΢ʲôʧλ޴Ҳˡ
ǳǰ棬΢εڹǽеƵϡóλ΢Ϊ⣬ȻˣֱɱҪԽ΢ȳһԼϵ˺ܶ࣬п³ɽ
Դһ֪ѹ֪Լͷ˿վ֮⣬΢
΢ܲ񰡣ͷһ͸ҽҵĹ;ãһӶûиүΣѾǽ˵λҲס¸㣬ȥ룬µס
˿ʮֵ⣬С覴ñرϲˣӶԷֵıԼѰÿС
עҪʧˣ΢ѹû֮ģ˿̣΢Ƥû̧
Ϊջָ΢ã֣ҾͿһĲġ
˵ţֽͷԸһͷ̵ͷүģһ׼á
˵뿪һһͻڽ⿪洫OO@@Ĺ졣
ִΪ壬ȻˣǾִ˵Ҫ󣬲ȻǺܲ飡Цһ̣ǴоʮֻƴСĹֳ棬Ыߣǿһ۾˻ʣͷƤ顣
ͷ˿˸䣬Щͷһ΢
˿΢ϵûн⿪Ǳ޿ɱܣ΢ԼҲûӡ΢ƣӦѾųȥˣôȥûκȥ΢ӲһٳҧʱεĴֱӱ俪һȳ룬ľǹԨ
ԨһۿѾв΢ϣǳǰȥʩչֶΣͼԨȡһ֧ëʣȻǸյ㻭һ̣Щһ˲ʱ仯һźɢ١
磡΢Ԩ֪תԨֶ΢Ҳ֪ΪѾ龳һʹ͵ķʡ
ʿǷͬСɣ˵ƵһǿʿԱԨΪߣֳʣǶϹȪĵˣҲ̷ռơ
ԨЩ澡ɱ˿ͷŭѾŵĹڵͷͷٰŴ򿪡
ͷԨŵĻһĹȥšͷŶһλ٣йعˣʱͷɵۡǿƷ˶Ҫһһֺú͹֪Ҫ⡣
ٿ磬ո˵ֻǻûڣͱһƴڵء
Ϊ֪˶ټһȥ̺굤޵ֶͨΣֱӱɢ鶯󾳵ΪֱӻΪУǷϵˣҾɢֻһ֮ң
λٴ˳ֱֹӴ
ˣҪϳͣЧȣĪ㶯˽̣۾һɣͲٶˣаϧղټһֱӽʱһƵԷϣԼͰȫˡ
ڣ蹶ӣҲڹΪǰɱ֡
ʱͷѾ߶µĽŴ򿪣Ԩ˿һŽͷ߿ȥ߽η
Ԩ͸оʹǧٸһ㣬ʹ̣иߣ΢죬Ȼ˴


ڰʮ ̬ƽϢ
ֵܣģΪֶȻưոݣ˽̣˽֮һŹԨĶɱͷ۹⣬Ҳͬڿˡ
ʣ¶ȻвٹܵǣεĹϴһ飬ⶼǺ󻰡
΢ԨΪԼżϻҲимԨ磬û£ĺˡ
û¾ͺãû¾ͺãԨ˿ŽסĻᵱʽͷɱ⡣
΢ͿǱɫεĹȴ΢΢һЦǰ񣺡΢ݼˣˡ
˿̼΢û£ҲǹЦ΢ҲǵڶμˡһķعԺʱ΢ڲμԣ΢ԾǽȡߣҲǿǷ΢һΣó£ʵֺֺЦ
ƤҲǺǽ˿ѹǲ磬Ц΢û¾ͺãΪЩΪ֮ίˣģҶȻϳ͡ߣﲻ˵õĵطȳȥ
εпռС߳ΣĲл꣬ѾɭɭѺ뿪ʣˣǾʵһ㹻ˡ
ԭ΢ʮֿϵĹ˿Ҳǲϵ꺮ůոչȻǶһƷѲ˺ɫ֪Լ֮ǰ˸΢Ǵͷҿɽܾܿλ
֪ˣͲӦý΢ôݣֻϣܽŪȥֻҪ΢˵Ѻľͺá
΢ο⹶˼Ҳû⹶Լʣ΢Ȼʲôѯ֮£΢Ǿʵ౨ûͼӴףѾǲˡ
֮ŹЦȴһ֪ԼλǱסˣȻҲûбҪ˵ֺ֮ԣ˳Ц
Ԩص΢ֻ֪ǹȥְѶ֮ѹն̨Լ̡
ǵͬǻɢˡ
飬ȴûκϢԨ̽һκζ΢²¶Ȼ¹ش󣬷򲻻ᾪλǵޣʲôϢûС
Щ΢Ѿû˹ϵ΢˽ʹԪӣ˵ڵʬ˽⣬ҲֻǰƽԪġ
£ȻôƽϢȥͨڤɽȴǱߣȥһвٶʼҪճλӡȻõλӾԭǹĹ֮λƷٵУһʵȨλ˵׾ڻϵҪıһλӡ
ϣһȥʱ䣬΢Ȼǵһʱ䷵ԼҲȻһԹѵ⡣뷨ʮּ򵥣Ǿٴ٣ҲҪ֤ȫ΢ȻΪѾǹСɺʱϣ΢ӰҲǼʱˣ΢Ȼ١
΢Ҳ;ϣֻɵɣڵȴȴġʱ
ͨڤɽ֮ºĵ죬΢ѾãҪ˵ҩģ΢Ҳ˹žԼٰ졣
ϴɢ޷е飬Ҳݷ΢Ҳʵϣ΢ߵҲܽ
һҲȻǽΪɵС̤磬ûһλɵʣٻÿһͻƵϣ
ɴ͸˹Ҳ죬ֱ˽ʱ΢ԺӭŵһĨɣȭ
ȭ̸΢ģǿ壬ϴ΢ϣɫɷףһʱΪˣڱƵ΢ʼȭ
ү˭˵ɾͲϰ䣬ϰɴ壬ǿѪӹôٲҪ壬ҲΪáһдʣɿİִ֣ô˵ҲǰƷ٣Ǻ˹ٱȣƷԱˣѾ൱˲ˡο΢ĹΪɺɵС΢ֻҪϣһ¾ͿԽܡ
΢һȭҲЩƣʱɹִˣ޷ֻҪľгɣɵСȻĴǿޱȣȻɵֻ֦ĩˡ
˵ʵҲޣɵȴͬ£Ҳֻ۶ԪֻܺɵؾʿᲢۡ
΢Ҳûж˵ǲŪʲôҩˣ⼸΢ҪΪ΢֣ԼɵľĻǲһ㣬ͺԼӵйء
ˣ΢ҲȭǿǺѪ
кöִƣϺõϲΣʮݣڷŪġɴӲȡһľӣȻ򿪣滹нһƣ˲Ρ
΢һ¾ͿǺö
ƣȻȲϵͨڤɽŪһöҲҩĺ̫ࡣ
Ҫ˵ҩ΢ŪĿв٣ֻЩҩǾԪֻΪаȴǿѪǣϲȻЩʿƵĵҩǸʺڵ΢
΢ҲûֱЦɣȴΪ΢նæıһһĲ£΢ˣڶĸãҲһһ١ٺһĹֻ޷ؾˡ
ҲؾҲܺ΢һͬʱɵ͹ĻԵ΢л٣ӰƷƷ٣ҲȨһƷΪˣɲŶ΢˵ġ
ˣɣһˣҲ΢ʱ˵
ȥһ˴Ԫ
ͨڤɽѾǵ죬΢ȥԪԨѶ֪ͨԪĵʿϾԨҲ΢н飬˵˿̻΢ϵ鴮λԪʦү
ԪǴԪһִģҲк飬ԪӵȻԸⴿԪôɢˣûӣֻ΢
£΢ҲΪͷۣΪԪӾȻôһ⣬ҪԼʱδԪš
΢ʱ;Ŀǲ٣̤ɳһΪԪţƱҪɢܶྫʱ䣬΢üɵ͹֪һٸԸ⡣
ֻ΢ҲܲסԪϵͰ󣬵ҲûдӦֻ˵ȥ
΢ʹԪӵΪҲ˵²ʮ꣬ȥţһȺţϵͬ𣿡
ǸҲͬ⣡ԪӵǼˣǵʦүҽʦͽҲŪЩȽڣԺҵʦܣձ֣Ҳǵʦ棬ִƴԪ쾭壬˭Ҳͬ⣿


ڰʮ ߹
Ԫӵ΢ͽܣ΢ҲÿϰȻԪӵıֺ΢ҪߵĶ࣬˸һ꽻Ԫͽ΢ֱӾܾˡ
ôԪĻ
ͽǲеģʦͽ͵йأ΢ԸˣͲ뵣ϴԪⵣӣ˵ٰݴԪΪʦԴԪֻ˶Σʦͽ
ˣ΢ûͬ⣬ԪҲǺ˵˵˵ֻҪ΢ͷͽ΢ͳġ׾΢ǿͬ⡣
ҲôԪӰ̾ҪѧϰûһҲаǧ˭ǼͷҪԼΪʦ벻Լϸ΢⾿ʲôȻԪҲ΢Ϊֻ΢һ˿ֲͻ᳹ɢʱѵһͨʹʧ
ΪԪ˵˴УǱɱܣǺƤ΢ҲҪ΢ʹԪһ΢ͨȻԴԪӶ΢˽⣬΢ǳˣо֮ţ΢Ԫδز׳󣬺ɵڱȼ硣
΢ʵҲǲѧȷǲǵӣͲסԪϵధ󣬵ͷӦˡ
֮ԴɣϤ·ҲСʿյͷԼֲܳϣǸߣɵΪҲֻǸո𲽣ֻΣҲӦɱһЩ
΢ŴԪɵҪȻˣȥѧҲӦԼǴԪӵʦܣǰţҪԼʼ棬ԼãǾ̣ѧһЩѧգ˭˵ʲô
˽ų̶Ȼ΢ϺȣɺٶȻܸһЩһ·һĨ˵Ц⣬΢൱ջ𣬰ԼɵгɣġҪѾͷʶʶԼɡ
첻ͳϵԪҲ˴ʱ䣬ҲΪԪزԶ
Ԫһۣһ羰ɽ֮䣬ɽϵɽҲʱ·̡ɽ֮·߶ľﻨ㣬Զˮ΢ʱ۵ĹǺҲǱɽ𺳣ɽгĿ̲סʹԪӵط治ǰͦѡطİ
Ԫûĵһ·ϸ˵ٴˣʦ֣ԺʦֵơȻǿɣȻҪѡһˮѣ̺ĵططʦҵ˺þãһΧɽ嵱в󷨣㼯ΧȻȲЩڴţȴҲһѵ֮ء
΢΢΢һЦȻΪˣеʱҲͯδҴԪԸҲǼΪʣ˵ѾǺ޹˼ɣཻͬһ㡣
Ȼ˶Իģ˴ȷǷ羰Ȼ˸һ·˿ȴûκƣ̬һʯɽǿһӵĵ۳ǰ档
죬ʯ壬ƬҶϣƽһɳζǰдšԪ֣΢鷨ңֶҪֻ΢ɨһۣ׼ǰߵţʱԪͻȻʦܣϵ֣㿴Σ
ԪôʣΪ־ǵдģдĺãȻҲܹ浱棬ֻڼʶ΢ֺ󣬴ԪӾûôˡ΢֣ɳʥֶܱȥȻϲϡò˵еʱ͵ȻԪǰѾֻһܳΪˣ鷨һϣȷǲ΢Ҳ֪ԲҪ΢ô˵
֣΢ֻ˵֣ȴѾôԪ崺磬ΪãǸоһ󼤶統չʾʦʱʦ佱һ
ƶòСëͷһ䣬ȻЩƮȻԽԽȥˣԪԼ̾Ϣ̣ʱ΢ѾǰǰߵţãŲ΢΢һСʿ̽ͷһۣ΢ˣû΢˵ͲͷλʿԪղͣ
˵ţҪš
΢ѣſ֮ʱѾԪ۵˴֣ԻʣڴԪ϶ǳ鷳
ԪȻ鴮֮ϣҲԪ΢ȥ
΢Ҳд⣬ֱֵסţСʿλСȨǺѣҪ̣и㡣
˵겻СʿӦѾŶ룬Сʿ̾ͼˣô˵˲ͣȥ
˵žҪȥ΢û΢ѾһЦŲһʩչһƻľСʿһ߱ͷתһߣȵع΢Ѿǿ粽롣
һԺ˿˶Գ֣һǴԪĵʿȨΪףȻԶǶԳֵһˡ
ԷҲһȺʿ
һȺʿķȴʹԪĵʿܲͬŽɫ룬΢֪ӹΪкܶɴ˶ﴺգҲеһһ֮⡣
˿һȺʿƸʤ˿̴ԪڣΪߵľȨҲɵĴ󾳣ĵӣ̤ɵСĶ࣬һ붼ûţֲôԪ˥ˡ
Щʿʮ΢ɨȥҲ΢ԾЩʿΪҪȴԪĵʿǿһͷǸʿѾɵСȨҪһ磬鶯ҲģȻС˿Щʿһֺ΢˽Ҳ˿⣬ǿ΢ֻʿԲûе¡
Ȩ֣ǴԪѾһһѾ˴УռһɽžǱǲʦ֮ǰԨִģһһȣӮΣǴԪ㽫ɽøţȥĶ꣬˲űѾӮǴԪΣǻӮµΣ֪ΣǱȨ³Ԩ³أסҪ䣬Ǿ͵ý˴øˡǴͷʿȻЦݣȴͱˣӣȻҪȴԪó֮ء
˵Ѿ鴮ŭһĴԪӣ΢Ҳüͷһ塣
ʲôӣɵ֮أǾԵˣܴ衣΢뵽Ԫû䣬û뵽Ȼû䵽ֵز
ԪӸ˵˿ѾŭЦð벻ƶɻû䣬ȻɱƵҪó֮أǸţƶû˵ʲôϺзҪƶţǵŻٵ
óԪӵأҲΪﵱ괿Ԫӵľ磬µȻûκι˼ɣһԲϣǴ֣ɱڵ飬Ԫֲû


ڰʮ 㶯
ɵеȻȻʲôٴȱôʹ򣬸ɱɱңڡɳϽ֮ȴǲģǴԪΪҲֻ·һ
ԪȻû˵һݻ̾ʦܣ㲻ܲܰ
΢ҲŵΪ˵ǶԼȻǿȴԪµģϾȶԼӮˣռ˼ɽţʲôֱͺǿ죬Щŵĵʿ粻ƫƫԨ֮ⲻǳ֮Σʲôǲ֪ԨѾ϶֪ԨڴԪһСңΪԨɱ
ģô˵ҲӦʦ㣬˵ԪҲܿŴԪͳ΢ʱն˵
ǱȨȻҲ΢ˣǱͱ˵̬ѾƵǽǣȻûк΢
Ȩ˿ǸϵƢͻ𱬣ɵԨڣֻƾһǺЩһ﷢ͻԿָǴԪ
Ȼ޲̰ν򣬵Ҳֻš
־꣬ٺƶֵܣƶʲ˼ͿҴԪ֮أǱǶ¶ԼȻˣҴԪҲԼȶֻǴ˷ʦֲڣҪԣֻǸ˵Ȩʱѹŭ˵
ǽ־ĵЦȨ𾴾ƲԳԷƣ㵱Ըֵ𣿺ߣȻǴԪҪǾͱֺĳ˵ŲڣҲţòǴԪˣɣ
һЦ洿Ԫڵʿѣʢ˵ѾİνԷԲѷԨҲ贿Ԫ
ȨҲҲͲסֻҲ֪Լĳ嶯֣˶Է˼ƣʱĴԪȻᱻһ
ֻҲʵ̲סˣȨֻϣʦԨƾʦֵΪתȨҲ֪ŵΪѾͻƵСʦҲ˼ҵĶ֡
뵽Ȩ̾ϢһԼΪãԪĴжǾˣҲԲĿ
ʱһֱԹ۵Ҳ̲סˣԸֱˬʲô˵ʲôۼʲôˣǳʲôţֱһǿǿռɽžȻҲֱ׳ǿ硣
Ҳ첻µزµֻ֪΢ٳʱҲЦ뵱ӻƷ޳ܡ
һǰһ˵䳰ȷǼʿȻŭ
־Ťͷŭ΢ˣɱʲôҲʴʣҹ
Ȼ־Сȫûʲôԣźܸߣ˿̾ȻǶţһֱȥ
־꣬㻹ҪҪȻһС޳֣ǱȨǺܵ޿̣ǰνһ˦Ҫ潣һֻ֮ȻһղȻǺ־ɵʿҲû֣һת̧һƣײһ
һ죬֮ҲǸоһɾ棬ٿɫЩ԰ס
ԪƣԭŮǴԪˡ־˵ϴŨŨм
û°ɡȨ˿ѹǺ־꣬æ΢Ѿһǰ
΢ϵĽ͹Уҡҡͷû£ֻһˡ
΢˿ղ鷢̫죬΢ûΪԸӦ˿̣ǴԪӲ΢΢Ҫ¹ܵˡС΢΢ԼãҲ΢Ψһˣ˿΢ɱǺ־ĶС
ţܺãǻΪɵڵġ΢һ䣬ʱȨҲǸϹһΣæȡһҩݸ΢ֲ٣˵ҩǱอ˵ҩް
΢ʱҲֱӽӹһ£Ũҩ㣬뵽
ǱѾŤ˿߹ִˣҪҪʩһЩĵְæ
ã΢ҡҡͷʱǴ죬յͷĴСܰܳҲǹ΢Ҳ¶
ۣã۸ί΢⵱ôԹۡ
ֲ٣ĲɣǴԪŵ飬ɽƶרŰݷáȨǣ΢һˣԼæ˵
Ǳŵղ΢Ļ˿һСʿСӣǲΪڹٸ͸ĿˣȻڵүǰڳԣ˰ɣֱߣʰ˴ԪˣĻ
ŵĵʿֱǿå˶٣ȻͬƤһ֪ŶһȺʲôɫղҲȨƺ΢Ϊֲ٣Ϊ΢ǹٸ֮ˣˣֺ¹ٸ
΢ȻܺЩ˳ʿ֮죬ɵɣҷСë
΢䣬ɾȥٶȼ죬ϾߵѧϰĵҲƫ죬͵ǸСʿΪոյСȻΪһȲɵľֶΣһͱɵɳȥ
һַӡ壬Χɷˣֱӱ
ȻŵһСĺ־򣬵ȴһ㶼飬СʿˣΪҲסˣҽҲԵɵ΢΢һЩ֪ԼɶǸ־Ķ֣ζԸľǺ־걾ˡ
΢ɲʲôƢˣͷ϶ԷһˣԲԿ
ɳּ죬գ֮ͷСʿ־Ҳû뵽ԷԼƤӵ¶ô񣬵ǲȻŭҪ֡
־ǾСɵʿ΢ܺͶԷƥУ΢һǿƷ˶ԷˣΪ΢һɽ
־Ҫ֣΢ֱȡĹӡ˦һͶں־ĹۿپҪҪ֣㿼ǺãҶ֣ұ׼һҹ𣬲ţ㶯ԣ
΢˵ϹԷĸҶԼ֣ǾϮ٣Էһڴɣɽڡɽ߹һģҲرôһССɣΪߵҲһСǶ΢Ѱ·
־꿴΢Ĺӡɫ䡣Ҳʶ֮ˣ֪ڣȴ֪ܲܶ΢΢ǿᣬһҶԵı飬Ҳǲðգһĵǵ
־Ҳ죬˿ڨڨһЦԭִˣʧʧղȫһᣬûˡ
˵꣬߼ʿ˰֣Ǹ˵Сʿͱ̧ȥҽΡ


ڰʮ ʦ
źʹԪ£ȴǺ޹أҲܲͷϣִ˲Ҫͣƶ˵Ҫȥһ״һת־ͳвȻ֪ƹ磬˽磬飬ûȨʡֻҪٳ֣Ǿûκ⣬෴Է٣ҲѭĹأԸ֮£ҲռģԺ־Ż
֮־һתȨģǴԪûһѵĺӣҿˣҪˣˣҪȻôһٳǸʦү
Ѿ˺ˣ־Ǽ֮ԣҪԪĵʿ֣ȻҲҪɹˣ仰һ˵ȨʹԪĵʿҲ̲סһν
ˣҴԪ¿ɱ裬ձƴһ
ۿ̬Ҫʧأ΢˿ȴͻȻ˭˵Ƕ£ͣ£ҽһ£˲Ʒ٣ҲǴԪţҵɵңٲвܵĵ
һ΢ǺģǽԪȨԼź־סҲҲǡһĿɿڴ΢ǳһ
ԪӴʦͽڷֻ΢֪֪΢Ҳ±ԼݡԪΪԪʦ᲻һЩֶΣͬǴԪˣҲҪƾ֤ģƾ֤Ǳ˼ð˵ġ
ȹ˾һЦЦų֮⣬־ǳȤȤƶҪִˣŶδôˡ
˵һϷı顣
ǱȨҲӦɫһִˣƶл֣ȴ˵ǿЦ顣
ȻȨ΢ԣҲ΢ǹϵ⣬򻻳ˣѸô˵ϵᷭϾϵһɵĸ棬ܶϷ
ƫƫ΢治ǶϷҲö˵Ϊ˵ʲôԷҲδػţ罫ƾ֤
ƾ֤΢ϴŵ鴮
˿΢һ̧֣ȨͿ΢ϵ鴮ȻǴһԪʿҲǾޱȡ
鴮ִˣô⾿ô£Ȩʵ΢ûлشҰմԪӽڵطԣһ̣鴮Ϸһʹâһ̣ڴԪͻȻһ˾£ͣ¡
ʱȨѾǾĻʮأ˿ҲǽͰ͵ǡӣ֣ƹȡֻŲܼѡѵִĳţ
ȨʵǲţƫƫֻдԪŲΪֻţ֪߷鴮طҲǴԪľܣֻ˲֪
Ȼģ΢û˵ȨĵãԽ̫ת䡣
ʱ΢ŤͷһǱˣŵĸλˣǴԪӦǶԼҾͲ˵ˣȻӦˣǴԪԸķ䣬ŽճԪҪ죬λסһҹգԼбȶ
΢ⷬ˵û˿أ΢ǰƷ٣Ҳұֻ̫Ǻ棬΢ȻǴԪţһȨһڴԪʿϵľ֮ɫܿó
ʱһΪĴ󾳵ĵʿ߹Сͺ־ʦ֣ʦȲ㷨ԨѾɥȪҲ˵ԪȺףʹˮôðһţҿè尡ɴһݣֱӶ֣Щ˲ǵĶ֡
ɣ־ҡҡͷ֣ͶˣƫƫԷһݣ١һͲӲģϾֹٵţ˳ͻһ棬ǾǸ֮ǿӴԪɽţΪ˽ɷ
ǷִԪɽ֮ԣˮѣɽڴ˵أȻɽɷŷѾĻҪᴿԪ֮ء³ﻮѾãԲܰ;ϣҲӲġ־һת֪ҪӵǸԼ£ҶԷѾӦձԣôһҲûʲô
뵽־Цʵλִ˵ϣԽȶƳٵ죬ʹҪɳλ³ǰȻһЩ˵ǴԪӣǾˣˡ
ģձȶȨ³ȶɸӦս΢ʱ˵һơ
Ȩ־Цֹ֪ȨʲôΪʲôͣ־˭ϼһһ㣬ôɵҲĴ󾳣ȻҲͬǿᣬʿԾȴǱʲô似ǿ̫࣬־걾ǾСȨ˵ʮʤ㣬˾ųûġ
뵽һЦߣãǾ˵ˣƶҪ̱Ȩֵֶˣߡ
˵꣬ȥ
Щһߣ̾˽ŹرգȨʱһʿ߹ɫҲ˵
΢ԣƹȡҲȷֻдԪŲ顣ʱȨ뵽һֿܣ۾һæʵִˣĪʦ֣ģ
ȻȨΪ΢²Ԩ΢Цһվ˵ǵʦԨѾ𻯡
ʲôȨĺ˼һţ΢֪˵ǽԨ֮½
֮ǴԪЩʿƽԣ˿ҲȨݺᡣ
ȨҲһƬ֮סʹȻɫ£΢򵹣Լ֮д棬ԪĵԱſֱ£ǵˡ
΢Ҳ̹ȻǵĴ񣬱ϾԪҲǴͷвͻᱻ˶ɽţˣǴԪĵͳͲ˥ܣǳ군
¹΢ⵣӣһҲӦҰձ֣ԪǴʦͽ΢ʦֵƣ΢ı־͸ߵˣȨϵҲ΢Ϊʦ桯͸ֱ׳
ʱȨͻȻӦʵţȻʦ˶֣Ǻʱ²ģ
˭˵֮λʦִҵģ΢ǺһЦȻֵҲĴɻ޷Ҿͽ˵Ļ٣ƭǡ
΢óԪﲻǻԼǽ鴮дԪ֮½ԪǴʦͽ
һ¾ͲˣȨĿɿڴ˭뵽ӦѾ𻯵ĴԪӣȻһ˿Ҿ鴮С
Ȼǲ⣬Ϊ鴮ڴԪ꣬û˷һ㣬£漰΢ܣ΢Ȼ˵
΢һЩԪӵľǵֻдԪ˲֪֮£ˣȨǽŽɣϾʵǲ˼顣
ǶסǴԪܣй¶ȥΥߣѽ̴΢ʱһ䣬ȴǴԪӵҲвٳң֪Ԫӻһ˿˵ͻʱ鷳ˡ
ȨȻ֪ϵĲй¶ֻƬǴǴСڴԪģҳҲӹɡ
ȨҲǿЦã鸴ӣѾʮ꣬޵ʮ꣬ڻóһʮơʦ桱ҪŤжŤ
زܷϣ־Ǳ֣һӤʹԪʦʦֵܣҲд񣬳ƺʦ档ңԪʦĻһ˿ڣǴԪʹˡ


ڰʮ 
ʦʦ棬ѣŻ񣬿ɽţıǵóѣҵȶԹʦʾԪʦȨʱ򹧾˵
΢Ѿг񣬴ո˵ȨȥԣѾ˼ƻƻǴԪõġ
Ȩ
˵Ȩ΢Ӧ΢ҲùֵֹģְֱȻûκ⡣΢׼մԪ˵ĽУ뵽ʲôֵԵһ¡
Ťͷȥɴ˿ûлعʵǸոշ̫˼΢Ȼ˴Ԫţһʲôʦ档
үղ˵ĶģƭɵʿİɣʱӦ΢Сʵһĵġ
һȻûҲһɣҲΪ΢ںƱˡ
Ȼģ֪УҴһҪҪ⣬Ҫȥҹŵ˾档΢˼䣬ͺȨ˴Ԫ
Ԫһһɷǵĵˣִ鴮һֳųʣǴԪӡȻԪʱ΢Ԫвٵطʧޣȴ൱̨࣬ǰ򣬳겻𣬿ɼԪڴԪĵλ
Ȩ֪΢ʲôѯʣȴ΢ȨϰŹԪһҲʮˣĴ󾳣ǲΪھʱڼɹʱͻȻõҩʯ֧ţ
ʦ棬ô֪Ȩʧɫȷͬ΢˵ɵΪĴѾʮ֮ãÿһҪͻƣǺôһ㡣Ȩ֪ΪԼʲ㣬ңȻźҲǿרеϸֻԼʦԨ˽⣬΢һƣȻǳԾ
ô棬ǴԪʦ˵ģ΢˵ûȷǴԪӸģ΢֮ԸҴӦձȶҲΪԪӸзһϵʱ䣬ȨɵС
⣬ô˵ҲΪȨ֮ǰ˵ġ
һֱԪӶԼͽͽ﹵ͨû΢ȻԪҪԪ۷硣
΢ô˵Ȩ˼֡
ʦܣ˵䲻㣬̤ɵʱĲģģ֪ܲ׾ʮ׷ѡһЩھ֮ڸһҹʱؿͻơԪʱ˵
΢մԪ˵ģȨ־ϲԪʦ浱ô˵ģʦ棬ѿھңҺȥԸǺ־ꡣ
Ȩʮˣ˿̾ȻСһ
ô˵Ҳһʦ棬Ҳøһ񣬶ҼȻҪ棬ģʮޣԪһѾʮϿھټһЩҲûпܡʱ΢˵ֱ꣬ȡ
һöʯһ鵤
΢ҲǺ־겻˳ۣ֪ǶԷĵ֣΢СˣҴѾǴ΢ۣ΢ҪȨӮô򵥡
䶷ҲοǰαԴԪ³ĵӶˣһǳ˷ˣɻԹѾ޷⡣Ȼˣǻֱӷ˺־꣬Ҳնһ۰
ԣ΢Ż󷽵ͳһݼ
ȨҲʶ֮ˣ˵ʵʯǾ鵤ԪҲʮûмˣǾ鵤Ǯ򲻵Ķ
лʦ棡ϵʿһӹһöʯһ鵤ȨаͻƣڼϴԪʦĿھп
ϥã΢㰴մԪ˵һζοھ
⣬ԪڣΪ΢Ը׼κ˽ȥšſڵȴӼҪȥʿԺš
һϳɣС㣬żִȻĴ㣬ҿ˵Ҳ棬ܳΪԪţҲǺ£ϾⴿԪͳĵţִ˽;洦
һɣ̵ҵȻֻ֪ǵүı¶ϣҲ֪ʲô᲻Σա
Ҳ֪˵ʲô˿ɫѾɽʱеʿ׼˷ʳȥԣ΢ȥһЩŵĵʿԽýһ㶯䡣
ⴿԪ˫ޣɵȻһ㣬ΪȴΪŵʿٱҪôһԾӲģҲûޡ
ڴԪһ־ҲǶŴԪɽ΢΢üһ˼
ʦ֣Ե㶫ɣ컹ҪȨ䶷ءһŵʿŸոȺõıεݸ־ꡣ
һһʿǼΪмȨôǺʦֵĶ֣ʦֱʩһʵʤһսűܳ׽Ԫڽ£֮ϳ˴羰ԣҲֻŲʸⱦؿɡ
־˵ͷ˵ûȨֻĴ󾳣ҵĶ֣ҲСϼһȨҲĵǴԪɾ׾
ʦַģ֪Ԫ׾ģֻϵԨʦѾȲ㷨ԨѾɥڴԪˣҲΪǸʩչ׾֮ǰ˵ʿ˿ʮֿ϶˵
ҲжţԨڣ׾ֻʦֲп֮ˣӦòʩչڵ׾ҵȷûбҪԨѾкοɾ壿ǾЩԶȻϢһٽᴿԪ壬ϳ˵ء־˵꣬ҲǽϢȥˡ
Ԫ֮ڣ¾鵤ȨϥԣʵʣǾ鵤ĹЧ
ҩһҪԸǸ־꣬΢ҲЩöԺԼء
˿ȨѾͻƵĹؼʮνǿ̿ûһյ˿̾ȻǺ΢˵ĿھۼȨĵһöʯ˿ҲڼյеЭȨȼ
ȨľԸľҲ΢һܣޱҪ΢Ȼᱩ¶ʾˡ
һͻɬѶ֮Ȩѯʣ΢Ҳʵش𣬷ԼҲ洿Ԫڴѡ
ʱȨͷ֮ӿһڴСУҲԿΧڱ롣ȨöʯȻһɷĩ̺ѾǱȨһա
һ̣Ȩſһ裬һۿɼİХͬԶ
ͻˣ΢һȨͷԭֻƣ˿̣Ѿ֣˲ʵ


ڰʮ ʤһ
Ȩʲѣô޴ԪĹ嵱Ѿ㹻ٳٲͻֻǷȱһһڣ΢ЩԪӽڵĿھ˵ܺõֲˡԪһȱݣټϾ鵤ʯȨͻҲ˳µ顣
ȨҲڷ֮һ㣬ʮûжԪһ¯࣬ˣҵĿھ͵ҩʯҲͻƲˡԪʱ˵
ʱȨϵûмļ󣬾Ȼڼ
ѵͻƣԪεһ˿ϲȨҲͽͽ󾳣Ȼʤ
ͻͻƣܽ첻ˡ΢ʱ˵ۣȻԿȨͷĵᡣ
ȻȨŬҲ㹻΢óĵ޷ˡ
ȨȻûĵƣҲ˵ûֱ󾳣ɼˣҲѾ൱ˡ
֮Ƕ΢һݣֳŴ֮ݣۿʪʦ֣Ȩޱҵʦָ㣬ͻģ龳ʦַģȨƾҪҲҪǺ־꣬סɽš
ȻȨĵûгͣ΢óĵѾһӰӣ˵ֻҪܿͿٴͻơ
ʦܣʩչһ±ҿԪʱ˵΢ԴȨǽԪ似ʩչһ顣
ϡƽЩҪӮŵĵӵҲˣʿԵΪҴԪ׾ҿʩչģҿ׾ҽһЩھ׷ܣɡԪʱ˵һھ΢֮󣬱̸Ȩ
Ȩ΢һҹδ˯峿ʱ֣ȨѾǽ׷ϣټΪѾǵСҲֻһ֮ңʮ㡣
ˣˣⶼӮˣǴԪҲͽɢˡ΢һҲ۵ĹǺϾṳ̂ľޣɹȴ΢οȻô˵΢а˳ɰȨӮ
΢Ҳûȥϥأʼһ£΢峿ɵ泯䣬֮ʱһ˿ʿõĲҩƣ̫ɾϹʳѪͨ
νָ棬֮ʿ洦
΢˾٣ȻҲôԪͷʦܣ㵹Ƕò٣ʦ̽ʸǣǶϼѣ˵㻹Ǹ԰ľӦͲСŶԣʲôľңʦһ㣬ʦ˵󻰣ǳһ㣬ʦҲз֮ڲС
Ԫӵһţ֪ٴŵνŵӱȥȻֻʣһƲƵľҪ΢˵ǲѴ֮ġ
΢Ҳһ԰ԼȻľΪľΪָΪҲߺܶ·Ҫǣ΢ĴԪӽԼ˵ȥϾֻԼԪӵ
ʦ֣ܰң΢һ䡣
Ȼ
΢һǽԼɵߴԪӡ
ʲô⡭ôܣΪɵô𣿾һЩŵľӶʦҵ׿Խʦָ㣬ҲֻһɫģѾһˣģֻǴ˵ѡԪ˵
صⷨ⣬֮⣬ںȻģֹˮһ֪Ϊǿбģ׿Խһɫǧ𡣡΢ǽгҲĴԪӴȥҾӴԪҲֵΡ
΢һοھԪƿԣϸϸƷζ֮ȻǾԭˣûû˵ģȡֻһַǧ𣬾ʦܣ⡭ģ
֮£΢һܣΪ΢ԼͲǵͷû
ʦܣţԪ̾һʱ򷴵Ǿ΢Ҫ֪ԪӺˣЩˣԪҲδ˿ƫƫľṳ̂΢Ͷء
Ҳģȴǰ˼ţ󲻵ѣһɫģˣԪҲǧʿеٮٮˣҲ˴ԪӸһ˿԰ڣоԼԶ΢Ǹղһ֮Ŀھֱǽɵܽȱǽġһɫ˵ļΪ͸Ǵţ˭˵Ȼ
΢Ԫӳޣѵõһ£һοھɲģ΢ҲûнͣʵȻĵķţʱվǲһ㣬ʦָһǾò
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΢ҲǷպдԪָԼ϶߲·ҪǣԪӿǲȱڣԼҲõѰɵˡ
ʦܣĹľɣԪӼȻҪָ΢ȻҪ֪΢ʲôʶ㲩ֻǿ΢һƶ˼죬㿴Ķߡ
ǣ΢ľǹŷѾ֮ãԪܿҲ
ʦѡĶԣʦҲľȻȽľţµĸȴҪι̣ʦҵľҲһЩͽܲܰԪ˵ֱ꣬ӵĸ΢ϸȻǻȻʣһЩԭĵطҲһ̣΢ȻǲһҪġ
һ΢ǰ£ͻƣûʮɰģȻҪɵҪ㹻׼ͻơ
ʱѾ¶ɽ֮䣬ʱԪѾŵĽȻ־ЩѾǵȲˡ
΢һ۲ԶھĴȨͼϵʽѾǴΪͬȻһҹ漫󡣴˿̣ȨҲ洫Ľȴۣһţ֮ðһ׹⡣
ʦȻţ׷ҲʮˣǾѰžȴû뵽ʦھָ㼸£ͽʮɻƿͻƣ׷ҶȻʤǺ־ꡣȨ˿Ҳ˫۾֣ʮ㡣
Ǻã߰ɣǾȥš΢Ҳո죬ټϴԪӽ̵΢ĸ˼ɰգȻѡ
⣬ŵӹȻվһҹ׼κ˽΢Ȩ˿̼˳Ǽæ
ʱɶ˹һǣ΢û£˿Ҫǰѯʡ
΢ҡҡͷ֪ڲ˵ʱûмǰ΢Ȼŵǰ˽ɣգǴԪһʤ


ڰʮ ʤ
Ԫ֮ǰĿյϣԶ֮⣬Ȼе˴ڡ
Ǹһʿɳϼ۵ˣ֮⣬мɢ޽ڳЩǺ־ҹġ
־궢Ŷ洿ԪڵʿɫɴŨŨм
ĪҪϽ԰ɣгϼۺͼλɢ޵֤ˣǴԪ벻ˣȨǲ³ǴԪ͵䣬óɽš־˵ҹû˯ţȻΪıʮþȣܾʲôطԾ뵽һǽ΢ٽˣǿΣԾ֤ˣҪԷ϶ķ䡣
磬õһһãԶţһ㡣
Щ֤ˣ־̤ʵˡ
ǰԪʦﱣ֤ģԿӮԪһŵҲҪһλȥһκ־Żǰ
Ҫ˵ŽνǷչѸ٣ⶼŷٹȵˡ
ٹȵ˾ԳƵ׿Խʮ̤꣬뵽СҲΪŲڽȵ
ֻŸһ㣬ҲûʲôɽţŶ˴Ԫٹȵ˵ϴԪʵȴԪӦαԵĶԼһξ֮ͨķٹȵ˸ԪԨѾŷȥ£ֻú־ǰ
ԪԨֻʣһȨ˵ѾǺвֻҪӮˣǾǶԪռˣҲվסš
ǷٹȵȻҲ֪ܶȨһҹѾ̥ǣŵĲ֮Ҳ൱ڳ֮ʱ봿Ԫǧ֮ңһն֮أһŹµĵϥץֲͬĹа棬ʱһͻȻѣ˻ָͣ
΢΢۾ɫȴʣĹһԣɫһ䣺ãתб䡣
˵Ҫ룬ҡҡͷ
ҾڸϻȥҲȽǰһȥ㡣˵֮ȻǽʣļֹպãĿ
Ԫ֮⣬Ժ־ĽȨֽԪź־бȶˣǴԪ͵ó֮أԴԪ֣֮һսƵ֮սֻӮ䡣
Ȩ΢˶֪־Ӯ󣬱Ͼ־ҪȨ߳һ磬һ㣬һԽĴɽ
Щ־Ĺ֤ˣ˿Ҳɫ죬Ȼ֪־ΪҪӮ˴Ԫˣǵо󲿷ֶźͺ־ооݡ
ɽţڶ˸˭Ӧֱȶʣ϶Ǳȵģƴ󣬿²ؼҲûҪ־ꡣ
־꿴Ȩ󣬵ЦһҪ֣ûǱ΢һ£
־۾һУôĪҪڣ
ǵǣ΢ҡҡͷֻ˵һȶӮҪΣռҴԪɽţӮˣָΣ֮ǰҲûҽȻй֤ڣ㻹˵ȽϺá
ĪǣǴԪӮɣ־ǲмЦȴ΢ɫһ䣬Ҳһ˵־ҲǼʶ㣬˿̾Ȼǻᱻ΢һס룬Ҳ֪ǲ˵ȻԷȻץסһ㲻ţһھͲˣһת˵ҪΣ
򵥣΢һһҪ˴Ӵ˼ԪµӣҪ˱ᣬҲҪϹеôְɣ
㡭־ŭ⻹֣һ룬˵ӮģöԷһʱ֮ΣǵͷУҴӦ
ã⻰λˣǷڣݹֱٲ棬ôʼɡȨ㽫־ˣɽš΢Ҳٷϻ˵һ˦˻ȥȨŭˣ˿̳΢һ񣬵ŷģȨʹ
˵꣬ὣϡ
Χϼۺͼɢ޼״Ǵһ벻ͨ΢һγΪԪŵġ
ʱ򣬺־ѾͲסͬὣϣóĻҲ֪ȨóĲΪǿҪ׷סȨֵĿܣһٽ¡
ʩչŵĵɶ
̧־һѹ˦ЩﶼǼӳһֶͬһ㣬ϣܴ̾ڣΪڶֱ࣬ͬһ㡣
һʿ޼ƿʩֻаȨ˿壬Ѿ¯࣬ȵҪǿᣬ˿̴ʩչһǽǰЩﾡ£ͻǡ
һ򣬲գҲ㡣־˿ЦһڶѾʩչһ̧һǿƽض𣬽ȨУӲһ׵գǶã־Цὣȥ
־굹ҲЩֶΡ
Ӯˣ
ϧˣȨҲûӣϾһ
˶ҡͷ̾ϢΪȨɣ־ޱȣȨһ̳ͬʱϧǿҲǷֶΣ粻ңôӮһ總㶯ãǾ龳ʿĴѲġģҲɱ㣬ֻΪɡ
ں־꽣ѾȨ֮ʱԪ˶һϼۺͼɢҲҡͷֻһ̣Ȩһ־ʩչֱӱһǿƳƣٿ־ĳҲûдȨ壬ȻǱȨָμס
㡭ôܣ־ˣһĲ˼飬û뵽ȨƿϾ֮ľ룬ɲôԽġ
룡ȨΪľҲ࣬˿̸ͺ־֮˫ָžһ죬־һھֱȻӦϣ־ҲǷӦ죬ˣͬʱ䣬ʩչ̫䡱Ȩ̸о̴ǧԻӶ
Ǻ־֪Ȩ˵ã׼䷨û˳Ȩв
־עҪʧˣȨҲֽ£дʣ׹ҫֱһƴ
׾
һļΪͻȻһָϸ׹ͬһѷ죬ֱȥں־ϡһƣһԵֵĴʿȫһ˿̾Ȼžһ˷顣־ҽһȥ߰⣬ˤڵϣðһζϵĵҲڽһƬ
龳ʿһĻĿķת˶ĿɿڴǲŷӦһֱΪĴ󾳵ȨѾǾСʿ
ʲôʱΪ
˭֪ѾĿɿڴˡ־ʵʵһ׾⻹Ȩ飬ˣ־ҲǱһдɷˡ
ȻȨʤԪʤ


ھʮ ֣һ
־걻ɷˣֽڵӵǻһš
ߣ
־ǿĳһ֣˼æҪ뿪ǲٺʹԪСĺ־궼һ׾УǾӲҲǰ׷ѡ署˭ȭͷ˭лȨˣٶ˵ֻȡ裬һͷĴź־ߡ
΢Ҳֻǳź־ˣסԼӴԺ˼ԪӣҪ˱ᣬҲҪеУԸ
ۣ
ģ־΢һ仰ȻһѪ˹ȥЩ˸һ亹Ҷ˵һ仰ǼӿŲһ뿪
ŵ뿪Щ֤˵ʿҲձҲǷ׷׹شԪʤȻȥ
Щˣ΢ȨҲǴ֮񣬵ȵЩ˶ɽ֮΢ŽȨͼµĵӣ֮ǰҪӦţΣݳҪһЩˡ
˵꣬ȨʦŹѾȡأǬˣΪ֮񡣡
ȨҲд⣬û뵽΢ȻҲʮָм΢ѾǺɣ˵΢ôԪ𣬾˵ָԼı׶ˣһҹ֮Լͻʮ궼ûͻƵƿֻдԪĴԪӲֶΣҲ˵鴮еȷһ˿Ԫʦ΢ڱǴԪʦִƴԪ˴Ԫҡ
Ҳˣ΢Ѿ˴Ԫһ
뵽ʦԨȨҲۿᣬ°ŵӰãԨ
Ȩһ˶Ϊ΢ٰʽŽʽȴǱ΢˵ʵ΢뽫ֵ·˽֪˵ڴԪֻʱȫǱ߿ؾʿģǶԷ鷳˭Ӧԣ
һе͵£΢룬ҲСԺˣԪ㣬ɵǹҪʣԼҲٵһЩС֮
ʱ֣΢ŴԪŵڴܴԪʮһӹݴ񡣴Ԫ΢ȨôһСʿ֮⣬ûо龳ˣĴһˣСˣӶṳ̂ľ
˵ʵЩһ󾳵ԨţԪˡ
΢ҲǿЦѣⴿԪʵһЩɢ޼磬ԭһûʯҩҲҪһǾղϼѵĵӡ
ɵҪģЩޱ֮һӣȲ׿ԽһĳЧ
΢۲ǿԿʿͷƣҲԿ֮ڵҲ΢ղŷֵͨ
۷˻ʿклЩ׿Խ֮˵΢У̸ܲ鲼อ֫Ϫϸ緢˿̺Щһߣȴ֮٣ɿݵĺӴֻϸСϪϸС綼ûУͬʯһ㡣
˿΢ĿɨȥԪʮһӣȨ˵ûһ׿Խ֮ǵˣ֮Ҳ࣬ͬȨֵʣѹûʺˡ
ЩעʲôɾͣǿľһҲֹֻڴˣһЩ龳ϣôм
ԴԪҪ׳󣬵һЩ׿ԽĵӴڲС
Ҫ˵ʣɶҪȨǿƷȻһ㣬ҲҪ󲿷ֵҪǿ΢ɶ봿Ԫɼӡ
΢ڴԪĵλǾֻȴԪӵһ㣬Ҫ飬ȻҲ˸
׳ԪһһϦܰɵģȻôӳ飬΢ҲҪ̫ģдԪ뷨ӣֻ谴Ԫ˵ͺá
æһ죬ҹ֮΢ڴԪõ֮ڣʮּªһѾʮƾɵţֻһľһܣǽϹŵһ֡
Ԫӿʼʽ΢Ԫ΢Ҫľڻͨġ
һգ΢ڴԪŲɵ֮⣬Ҫˣÿ峿ʱʱ䣬΢Ҫڴ֮洿ԪӸԪڵӽ
ҲǴԪҪ飬˵һЩŴڵרŵĴ£ԪССɣһ񣬶΢ΪдԪӵڣʲô˵ʲôλӦµɻ΢ֻҪմԪ˵ɡ
΢Ҳǻ֮࣬ᡣ
ҹ΢Ҫֻһ֮գʮգͻơ
ٶȾԪҲ൱Ľ
ǵһһ鶼Ȳһľͷ˱ͨδţǿȡΧѰıľͷƽʮԪ΢ɾͱȻԹҪߵԶ
Ԫ鴮ҲܸӦΧ΢һˣȻǽԪΧʮﷶΧܽʵǷ˼Ҫ֪괿Ԫؾܽʮ
Ҳʯ΢ƴۣĹٶȣѾǿƿֲˡ
ҹ˯ֻʣǿգīĻʱԪХҹӱߵ֮ҹӿһȴӰ֣ͻȻо˫۷һۣٿ⣬ḻ̌ڵأҹж类ǰһĻƵˡ
Ԫ⣬˿վʮСм׵ĹǴŲ¹ٷЩСһɷªޱȣƫƫϲЦտеƤģִò֡ͷһСǰǸŵ̱ڵصĴԪҾλСĪ£ҵǶ٣λˣǹִִ֪ƴԪϲСȥ
ǵӺðŷӦûЦЩһôˣף֣֣Ҳˣ磬㡭Ҳˣ
ͷһǵӿ΢񣺡ʦţ⡭
΢ôԪӳƺԼʦ棬Ӿ֮Щдʱ
ˣ֪ˣȥ֪ͨȨʦ壬еʩۣȻӭͣ΢˵ȻͺСʿ޼ȴ֪Ѿ٣˿Ѿһŵķȡ
ǵӼæͷȥˣ΢߳ȥǳһ΢ЦԨһ
ԨһЦ΢ɻ󣬵ô֣ɷƷ߲磬ȴǵܳרϲ
óԨ΢ˣִһɣǿ൱飬ͬҲ΢Ĺ;һЩ롣
΢ֳԨٷ˹˹֣˶ǶõľƷ߳ĽУһɽͷݣǸ֮ڵƹƽ˺΢ϵ˷֪΢һţҲǸԨء
ԨƷȻǹߺ͹ǣ΢ˣ΢ҲûôףֱһڴС봿Ԫ


ھʮһ ֣
Ԫʮ㣬ɽˮ㣬ʱȴǺ£ɭɭ¹Ҳǹۻ࣬ԪĵӴ˿վԺУҲǸоһɹ֮ЩѪʢ֮Ҳˡ
Ϊ΢ѾԸȨŴԪеӿ۵ڴ˴ֻһӹ΢̸Ц˽ӭһӿȨҲû˵ȳ
ȨҲǼģһ۾Ϳ΢һٷͬһһٷͬ죬һٷϵϢģһٷɫΪкưƷ
Ʒ٣Ѿ൱˲õĴˣٿ΢Դ˹мӣȨȻҲҵǴӹӭ
׻΢ȨɢȥȴΪôһȺأɵʿǾԶ֮ҲӰ죬ңԨ΢Ҫ̸
֣֣дܣ´ȥٺúþ۾ۡ΢Ʒ˵ȻƹҲҺ΢д΢ȻǳѾǰƷ٣Ϲ٣˴θǰأҲΪ˽΢Ц޷޷ִ˿ˣ̸ֻܺҵҲǵһԪҹһ
֮΢źԨ̸
ֵܣû뵽ΪֻɣԨ˿ЦɫɣΪ٣⻹ͷһط˽硣
΢ͷȷû뵽ԼִƴԪҲûи߱ˣһ룬֪϶ɸ߹ߵġ
òһˣǾͶٻȥⴿԪԣҲ洦ס˼죬ΪͿҪͻˡ΢˵꣬Ԩҡͷҵ룬ֻܳʱùæһ͵ûȥ
ѹһǸأǺ˵һҪ£ĹλҪб䶯ˣ
΢ͷһΪͨڤɽ飬ʱЪڼУȻǰƷѲεĹλ΢²οܻб䶯
ֻ֪Ǻǻ´ֹħʬӦǴһ΢֪ǻ׷ʴ֮£ϾԼΪִܲ󣬱΢Ѿ˵ǣȴû뵽ûѯʡ
⼸ҲûκϢҲ΢ϰ£Ϣܺû΢˿
磬ҵĹλʲô䶯΢̬ʵƽ
Ԩ΢˳ȣҲľȣɽǰ費ģµϡ
ҹң˺ܶ飬ͨڤɽ֮Ϊܣ͸¶䣬֪ͨڤɽҲǼ٣ֻгˣ֪ʲôֻг֪ĵһ£Ǹ㲻йܣ˵ʵӦҲ飬Ҷ֪ͨڤɽоʲôҶҪʡ˵йģɳʥױֵңԵֵǴǿ㹦֣Ѳְ֮Ǳסˣ׼ȥ˾Ĺٱ׫ҲǰƷ٣ȨƾԶѲιˡԨ˵꣬ɫΪºֻۣȻѾԨ෽ŬҲûӣﲻ΢ȻЩΡ
΢ȻóȻҲЩɻԼİţҲԨ֪飬ЦǰƷ٣ûʲôһĹٺðҪߣҲֵС
ԨЦȻ΢֪Ǳ׫Ĺ٣ǽнĻᣬҪ֪˾У˼ʮٴڣƽû˹עͬƷҲǵλ͵֡
ֵܣ˾һʱգһᣬٽԨʱοһϾԼҲһƷ١
磬ý黳£ҾǱ׫Ĺ٣Ҳɳͷء΢׳־Ԩ̾˿Ԫȴֵܣؾͬɵ͹ǻԵⴿԪȻССɣҲдеģ˴ԪţҲǻԵһץסúˣĵмղŻ´֮գҹɹ㣬ȥŪһöΪĺô
΢ȻǵͷӦ£ûûʲôԨ˵ǡ˳ˣɲԼôɾʹˡ
ϾԼɵĻ֪ʱᣬΪҲ˶ͣͲǰֻǹС΢Ϊ΢ľҪˣʱ۳Զĵر
Ԩ˵һԨŸȥ΢ͣǼԨߺȴ£Ҳڣˣҳ̸һҹֱʱֹǲŷ硣
˷ޱȣջܴ󣬽΢Ĺ⣬һǽʶ˲ĹС·Ȼ㡣
ִˣˣȥ˸׼һЩʳڶ΢ǹޱȣǼһλƷ٣ǰǲ飬ƽһЩСߺΣƷԼҲΪ
ʣⶼΪ΢ǾԺ΢ˡ
ã׼һЩ෹Ӳҩƣ֪ôŪ΢Ըһ䣬ɾȥ
˿΢˿ѾгɫӿڴԪһô֮£ӭʼ
ȵ΢һƶ죬֮ԪӵʦԵô֮ϲǺ£ȻҪڹٳ죬ûһԵǲеģҲҪкԵ˰С
пһ֮󣬴Ԫֵֻϧ֮ǰۣףѾˡ
ȻԪҲйµˣҪ˵˵΢ѹûʣŪҪ¶һĴԪӼΪơ
΢Ȼ֪Ԫӵ˼ʱϲģɵǼ裬ʿ̤Լͬɵ͹һĶãҪɾ͸ϼѣȻʱǲĵġ
֮ɫѾǴƵĲ෹΢ȥԪڵӽڷ˵ҲǺЦ΢ɵСδ̤룬˿ȴΪ˽ɵ˵ʵʽ֮ǴԪӣҲһȤĳ
ҹ֮󣬹߾΢ֱȥǧԨѾȺʱ΢æߣϾҪȥˣûлˡ
˵꣬΢̤ǧ
ǧ˲ϢǧֻƬ̣΢Ԩ͵˾붫ǧ֮ң缫Ϊߣһƽԭ֮أƽ̹ޱߣֻԶȻһ˶Ĺ΢ǱǰһĻ˵


ھʮ 칭
ƽϳֵһʮӴ֦ڶ࣬鲻ƫƫûһƬҶ
һ޴Ŀľ΢ԲһôӶһգŵ»߰ݲ
΢ĲֻˣͷȻƮ޴ӰÿһӰ߶ʮɣͬһ㡣Ӱͷǹӿ飬˾ηֻӰԼȥ֮ƺ̾ʧ٣þ΢֪ǲǻþ
һĻԨȻ˿ûв
֮أûǳֻԶİգһЩطХ絶罣֮꣬ʯ飬ǹΪ㣬̵Ĺޣ紵Ҳ̻ɢйٷ壬ؾеؾ꣬ԲЩ磬ҲҪСģһЩޣֻܵԨѨ٣ҲǳԲġԨһ΢ٸ˹ȥ
ոһĻ΢ûнԨʵԼҲô£˵ҲͲ壬粻˵ա
Ԩ΢һǵ꿪˵֮󣬿ɱʴ굤굤굤¾磬赣ĸʴ⡣
ˣ˵˵ôܶ࣬ÿһεֻϧһ޴УҲѸ棬ܲܵõֻƾʵˡԨ΢˵ߣȵ˵£΢̧ͷһ֪ԼĻҪ޴
Ķǹֱһɽظ߶ȳɣᣬϸ˿ɿɰ˻֦飬ա΢ֲһ÷ԲﶼߣҪһɽģȷҪӶΧ
뵽ո֮ϵӰ΢֪ô򵥣ҲСһֱԨУҲûټЩŹӰ
֮ڣҲǬ˿ѾԿڴˡ
ռǹ޴ţ綥ţвٶŵӣҲǳšһȥҪС£Ҫ˵¶ˣݣҲʹлģδдؾ٣вٱĹλҪߡԨȻҲСĽѾƷ٣Ҷˣ΢Ȼ֪ղԲ顣
·ȻٹޣвƷƷƷ٣ڰƷ;Ʒ͸ˡ
Щٹվڣͷ֮ȴдУٵ䣬еϿһеģȴлйǹʵǵ
΢ǵһμʵȭͷС͸ī֮ɫʵһ龫ϸ䡣ò˵Ҳ棬⣬ȴ֮ڣ΢ɨһۣͷĵöڳĹ޺ֹ٣Ҫõһ׵顣
ⲻôôҲҪһҼǵѻ٣ҪҲǱǲﰡһ΢ȥǱһʱԨ˵ơ
Ԩһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȴǹһЦԭǷˣ㻹Ǻһֻʣ˼ȻĳȻҲܡ
˵ǹǲԸǷһ˵ҲԣһǩҶǩдһ¹֪˸Ҳң
΢üͷһ壬ԹԨ²ٵĶ֡Ԩڣ·ļӳ֣ͷҲֻСͷĹĵǹ󾳡
ԨҪһ
΢뿪ڣԨѾǵȻд裬ʲôҵġǷץס˵ˣһǩ̨ԣ˭˭
˵ţֱһڹ˵ͣȻѾˣԨҲջ𣬵˿Ѿ˵ﻢ£Ӳ磬㣿ЦãǾ˵ˡ
Ԩ˵꣬Ťͷһ΢ȴ΢ͶշһƷεĹڶӣóҲгԹġ
΢ողſǷģȻǵͨڤɽҥԼǿɽ֮һ
΢ǵã˽칭
ȻԷ˿Σò΢ȴǼǵ΢ȡߵ칭ģԺͬűҥƷ˵Ʒȥ΢ݣ΢鷳
ԩ·խ
칭ȻҲϳ΢΢Ҫ۾΢ŤǺ⡣ȴΪ֮űһĹϮűһǺɱ˻ǡ칭ΪҪߺܶ࣬κβǺҲһݲ磬֪Ķѧġ䶾֮Ȼǳ칭ע⣬ʩչ䶾ʴ칭
Ȼ칭һʱͽﷵʦţһλǰƽ䶾ʴȴԻָ
Ҳˣ칭Ѿʧȥ˽ɽŵĻᣬɵҲɫǰ˵ɵ޵ؾ¶칭˵˵Ǿ޴ĴɱҪʹ࣬Ȼ֮ѰһĻᣬؾɵᲢۣ
칭ǺȻǺ֮ǣ㽫ĻĥʮŽ꣬ʹ֪ǸȡߵϣȻǻġ֪΢Ȼ̽ãһ񣬴˷ύһλǰû뵽΢
˼棬ۺ졣
칭˿̶΢Ȼ޲̶֣֪ϲУûʲôΪ϶Ƕ֣һת뵽һӶĶԷµǿֻ֣ҵˣ㣬ʦɸҸ˭
΢Ȼ£ֻǾ֣칭ԼֱͬǶԴɱһ㣬ΪһҲˡ
תһ룬΢֪ȻǺʲô飬칭ǳ˴
뵽΢;úЦϵй칭ʲô΢֪ʲô칭ҵģǶԷ֪΢Ҳ
˿΢칭ԳֶѾΧٵע⣬ٶͶĿע
Īǣ˵칭׷ʵ
ҽ΢΢˵꣬뿴칭Ҫʲô
칭ʱ΢ЦһͻȻ΢ִˣǱ޳ܣͨڤɽҵĵҲˣΪǺ͵ϮҺűʦܣʦ칭ȻֻǾƷû޳ɹ鶯С۹λΪԶִˣֵ֮ȴǲܲڴģ֮󣬱ִֽʱִ˿ɸҺǩ״һ
ĸ֣칭ҧģԳ˻Ȼ칭ĻνǾǽ΢˵һ˱͵Ϯ˵ıСˡ¾вٹ޿΢¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ǵ칭ǰķ٣˿̿΢Ԩһģ칭Ȼ£ߣԨͲʲôöһܺõȻһ֮ѣһһ˱͵Ϯڣֱ޲硣
ԨҲһ㶣֪΢֮ǰͨڤɽѲΣĪ칭Ĺ˵ģ
ˣԼɾǴ΢˱ѾǾΪ˵͵ϮˣƷеӡԨҲ˲ϷǷ٣ǿ΢Сֵܣ⡭ģ


ھʮ һ
΢Ҳû뵽칭ȻǵһңԨ˻Լ΢εľܱ칭蹷ҧʵ
΢Ϊ٣Ӧ֪˵ƾĵƬ֮ʣǻʲôʲô٣ֺСʲô𣿡
һ仰ʱòѹ˰԰칭ȷǿ˵ƾ˾ĺСһױƭû˳ԼЩٹޣǶһĸ֮ϸһĥ֪ô£칭˵ǲģڶ¶ۣȻͱ˵ǹʹˡ
ԨҲǷӦԲĵԼԼֵȴҪһˣޱĿԡ
Ǳ߷ٻ˵΢ȴǰλˣ׾Ӷۣ˵ɱ˶ᱦ˵Ԩ˲Ǻˣҵʣƾʵݣ֤ɱ˶ᱦ֤˲ǺˣУҺ˾粵ûУǺ˵˵˵ҪȥϹһ״
˵ֳ꣬칭мСˣһǾ仰Ǿ΢㣬ȥǸȥ״ҳ˸״ҲУȥǵ󣬵ʱ˭˭ǾˣǲȥǾйöˣݹֱٲ⣬Ҷ֮Լ˵ʵʲôҲģ΢ᱳԸ㣬ΪҲСǰ㣬ҪҲУ΢أһСˣ
ⷬ΢˵ϣһȴҪ칭ƻҪǿ
㡭칭ȻǱ΢ƿԣȻȥ״Ľ󣬱Ͼ˭ľȥ״ùһԼ⣬΢ǽ˼Ҳ칭֮ǰļƻƲѾ˵ȥˣ칭ҲǿûлͷֻӲͷƤãǾֵ¼°ɡ
˵꣬ȴǲղȥ״飬Χһ칭ƿԵļƣ֪ղŶԷ˵ĶǺġԭͬҲ¶֮ɫ΢ȻͶȥ֮ɫ
ɫ࣬ȻԼ칭ûƾʵݣҲûж˵Ǻݺݵ΢һֿۣԨˣҵԼһǩǳϼ¡
˵꣬ת뿪칭ȻﶪۣҲԹ֮ɫ΢һۣ뿪
˵ȥĻóȥˮ칭ҾǾʳԣǵӣҲĽᣬҾ⿪һĽᣬɵ㶼ʲôɾͣԼΪ֮ɣסһ仰вԱС΢Ʈȥ칭ͬһ̢һ칭ɫѿһ뿪ȴΪ΢һ仰Ǹ칭ħӣɾͣͱ΢ͻͬ΢˵Ϊд
΢Ҳȥ칭һΣľȻȴΪѹûн칭һвľҲǿԼ΢ϵĶ
һΣȻ΢赭д֮»⣬ٶǶ΢ޱȣǰ̸ύ΢õһô
Щˣ΢ȥԨ
磬Ǹշġ
Ԩһ̵ֵܣҺǼһЩԹ翴˳ˣ٣һƷΪҪһЩ͵ķʣδҷſġˣǴӮˣҲܸһöҳ֣տҪˡ
΢ͷĹΪȻԨһĶȴδԨĶ֣ΪԨһ
ǱһıȡɣȻ̺ͬѰ֮ʿӳ֣ƵǷ
ƷҲҪԶһƷȻΪԽߵʿķԽǿ
ԨġʡӳַģʲôΪǿĹɣƾһƷԨͿսʤΪһʿ
ΪˣԨŸҺշĶ
΢ȴշ֪ʣǼҲ̡
ԨһҲǵ˵ͷҲ뵽ˣҲ·ؾʱ»ΪΪעҲڶʱڲСΪȵʮĹޣʱգҲоĵãټʣշΪһҪǿҵʤ㻹еġ
Ǿͺã΢Ҳ˿ȻԨģҲûбҪ˵ġ룬΢̿շͼȡݸԨ磬ͼţõϡ
Ԩ۾һȻϳ̿շͼϾͼʮˣȻкĸ顣֪ͼԹЧҲûоܾ֣صĽӹãǴݽͼһãˣֵʦҲܻķϣʦһ޳ɣɾδرɵ͹
΢ͷ⻰ҲΪȻɵ͹ͬʦ΢ֻеԨĲƪ˵ʯͷӣڣҲֻī顣
ʱǱҲһЩΪĹޣиһͷоŵǹΪ굤СĹޣһѹȫ
λΪҲ̺ôһĵɹţɿɷַλɮ٣˭ܵһݻԵͿλʵˣǾ仰ǾҪعأǺεȹλҪȳǩǩ߷ɲᣬûǩģذɡ
굤СĹ˵꣬ץȡһͲٸǩÿһ涼ɱΣۡ
΢˿ˣɵҲʮö֪ǩ͵ý˾⡣΢Ҳ֪ΪԨ֮ǰ˵ܲܵõǿ֪ʲô˼
ȷҪǶò֮Ҳõ᲻ǩ˵ǩŹɼӳֱɱӶ㲻Ǹǩ
λһǩǩͷǺɫǩޣһԡ˵꣬̾ʩչֶγȡǩ΢ԨһֱۣʩչֶΣƯڿеͲгȡһǩ
΢Լһǩϲ޺ɫһ֪ԼûϣˣٿԨһǩ˿
ԨǩΪ죬ǩˡ
ҺעҪһˡǱ߷ҲЦҲһǩ칭Ҳһûǩ
Ȼ΢õϣŵԨϡ
δǩ֮ˣ뿪ǩ֮£Ӯߵõ˵꣬й峡΢ΣֻȥȻģתһ룬Ԩ·ܵؾνԴΪڶʱͻͽȹ̵СټϷʺͷͼʤġ


ھʮ 
˵⣬΢û뿪ǵ棬칭ҲһȻͷٹϵǳҪȻԷҲΪ
΢ǸƷپĿɽɣϧǷ˵Ķ֣㲻Ҫˣҳ˵Ϊȥ֮󣬱ڡ칭޿֣Ȼһ΢
΢Ѿ칭ֱʩչֶΣһƣֱӽ칭ڵء
һֱӽ칭ˣΧٹҲǼ״ֹΧ˹
칭ƷҰƷѲβ˵֮ʣȻڮ٣ڳ֮ԣֱ䣬ĪΪٲ𣿡΢۾һɣһȻ
ѾǹС칭鶯СǣȻǵֵסһҲǽ칭ˣʧ㣬ô˵΢ĹƷҪзڻã񷮴˲ߣԼȥ΢ԷȻⷢӣȻܶԼɱ֣һҲû˻Լͷ
뵽칭ѹеҲ˿̼ԣٿڳԣǵãִˣ֮ǰʧԣˮתơ
˵ֱ꣬Զ΢ԶһĵǷ١
ΧЩһûֿҲȥ
칭΢Ȼֻ֮֮ڲǶԸ˵ʱߣ칭ѾǹȻֻǾƷҲؾ٣ҪֻĹء
΢Ԩո칭Ļ΢Щģ֪ԨǷ˭Ӯ˭䡣
Щ꣬΢̧ͷУһҪȴЩŵ΢г
˿΢ͷһ֮أȻƮһӰӰģģģ΢ȴһֶԷעԼĴ
Ӱͷʮ𣬿΢ͷƤ顣
ȻܿǣӰͻȻ˵ˣȴֱһ
΢ʱҲӦоĪӰǰͻȻܵ˼ǿѹŶԷǴ˶Լ˼ԼûС
ǿΪ𣬵΢ҪȴӰֹ˿ǣֻͷ˵УҪűˡ
΢˵ͷȻûͷǰʲôˣΪҪң
Ȼ΢Ӱ˹ǰʵǶԷͷĹ̫ˣ΢ҲùɣͷĹ𣬶ûλĶࡣ
ǰ˵ҲǣΪǵȷҲƺҪ֪ܿǵģҪ֪һɶ֪ǵĴڡӰһһǡ΢ЩԣֻһӰѯʣ¶ԷϲҪֶ֪ΣԼܶԿģвͿɱ֮
΢뵽ԷԼ֮ǰ޴ӰеһʱԷ϶ǷԼע⵽ǣʵڷ˼
۵飬΢ǲ͸¶ģԴ˿ֻװɵҡҲ֪ˣ˿ǰΪʲôܿ
ӰȻҲ΢ĻĪͨɣ֮ڣʿܿǵҲΪ档
˵ֵ꣬ȻˣǾˡ
ӣӰȻǴȥʱӰͻȻ֣΢̸оԷעеԼϵľϣһ̣΢һգľȻǵӰ
΢ʧɫԴӵõľһ̲䵱ۿ˱΢һӦǶ
ԷԴʮ΢Ӳѹסŭ֪ƴȫҲӰĶ֣óȻֻ֣Ѱ·
Ӱľ֮һ̾Ϣһ˲䣬΢ȻǴӶԷһȡһ̣Ӱľݻ΢ʧã΢Ҳ˵ʲô飬ʵû뵽ԷȻὫľԼ
ôΪǻıǺǣľȷҲûãҲһλѡֻǶ˼ˣⶫ֣ܵܺԵ֣ǾͽһھɵΪ߹ΪȪԽľΪʱɼɽСΣ
Ӱ˵꣬΢Էһοھ΢ĿǰΪԿļ£ϸƷζ֪һοھͬСɣǷŵһЩŵУҲڲ֮һġ
Ȼ΢֪ŹӰΪλԼһοھô˵ⶼһԵӰ˵ľһѵҲ΢ǳʵľҲеõǰ˵˭ľ֮ǰ𣿡
˵ҲʶҪˡڴǱޣֻǾ˿һʣҲЩ̫ˣ˳ҲΪ˵ɣȻԵһЩɣȥɣҪͱǡӰ˵꣬Ѿʧ٣ƺûгһ΢Ȼ棬һȻڿڴȡһ΢۾ɴԼڴﾹȻ֪ʲôʱ˼ö
Ǿʲôˣ΢治ѣոպӰ˵ôʱ仰Χٺ͹޾Ȼ˿ûвɼԷΪ֮ߡֻϧûд鴮Ԫӵ֪һ
ЩӰԼҲû˿⣬ԼԵ΢֪ԼǷ˼ҵ飬˵⼸ӰûҪԼر΢гɣлҲһ黹ϡ
ʱǰڴ󿪣ٹ½΢һ۾ͿԨһ
Ԩȣͷζǳ˿
磡΢ӭȥԨ΢ڰ֣ʲôʣȻض
˵̺꣬΢뿪һֱǧص֮Ԩŵȼһ㣬
ֵܣǴʧˣû뵽շĻһ֣ҰܸûᵽԨΪε˵΢Ͳ³Ѿ˵ҲֹһԲ⡣
磬Σ΢еʵԨֵܣ΢ĵģͬʱһ˿ɱԨʲôʧ΢Ȼ뷽跨շ
û£ֻһЩվûˡȻҰܸշҲû̵ʲôôҲǲʤѣֻϧԨһûڣȻ֪շĵõ϶Ǹ칭ģ칭΢ǵˣǸʵ
粻ý黳칭ǵ˵ΪҲܱȵҡ΢ĽԼõԨ뵽ǸӰҪǵĴ͸¶ȥҲ
΢ȻӦ˱ˣȻͻ
˵öԣֵ׿ԽֻҪúɵɵΪȥǿҲᷴԨ˿Ҳֻ˵


ھʮ Ʒ׫
Чȷ
΢붨л۾ı仯ԭΪǿµҲǸɵҲмĺôкɢͲˣһ΢ֻҪڹ굤֮£赣ķɡ
ȻĹЧֹˡ
ϣ
΢һ˿΢ϵһ˿֮ɫҲǳµĺôǾǹϴ跥֮˵ҲУȹЧˣҲôٹȥˡ
ľаͻƵ󾳣ٶȻɱˣѾ൱ˣӰ˵ҲԣľȻ֪˲࣬ɵϳľһɵ߹ĴޣľóȥΪ޵ɵ͹ȪһδĿھʱܲر塣΢
صԪĵ죬΢õĵʽȥ˾׫٣ҲǰƷ١
΢ӵ֮󣬵¾͸˾ҪĹپӶ࣬ͳܶޣǼᣬдᣬλߣڿп޵ĵطȻеҲ൱С
ЩԨ΢ģ΢һŷԨԲ飬˾æµ˹ȻĿ£һƾɵĸ¥ǹ˾ſھȻûżİһٷεĹ޾Ȼſ˯
΢ʱǸƷ٣ȵԷŵı׫´˿ڣ
´ˣı٣پƷĹλһ
Ǵ˯ֻһƷޣѻЩŭͦ΢ĻǷӦæ񣺡ԭֱ׫´˾ںãȥ
˵꣬΢־ڵĴãá
ͬм˿̣һƷٹٷĹһ鰸ǰдʲô
޿ȥͬһ㣬ʮָݣͷϵĹҲֻĵȻֻ󾳡
´ˣֱ׫ˡǾƷ޹˵
£´˲̧ͣͷ΢ֻǿһֵۣͷдͬʱԺǱߣÿĵľڣ󣬳¼ɲᡣ
ñһָԱһİ˵㲻΢΢ûм٣һ׻˵һʱҲЩ㶡
ֱ׫ߡԱǸƷ޼æ΢ȥͬʱüС´ԵĮ˭ֱʱ䳤˾֪ˡ
˵꣬ʼ΢İ
΢֪Ʒ޽ģܿͽʰãҰϱīֽ⣬ȻЩǹɹʹá
ǾʰþҪߣ΢æסԷȻһ˳ȥ˵ʵ΢էʲôϤһĨڣ´˿ȥ̫˵ֻ⾰ˡ
ĵҲ飬˵ʱش𣬲һ΢ͽˡԼҲֻ١ÿҲֻ࣬ǽľдƶɲᣬ飬ӦݽԷɡ
΢൱˽ĻһְȨȴǲ̫ࡣ
Ū֮΢˼ʣطˮһģ̺ôǲˣ٣Ӿĸղ˵ְѳʮرɿһλ´ˣ˵ѾﳬʮأһϣûС
ϱ򷢵͵Ǳ乬
Ȼ΢뷨΢ΪˣȻҪһҵ飬һɳɹٵǿ֮£һ΢ҪɳΪɹ١
Ҳֻʱطְǰ죬΢ϸܿ΢ͷ֣˾ѹûôæҲÿնľᣬеʱ´˺;Ķڣټ˾Ȼֻ΢һˡ
Ȼû;̵ûй٣
һѭ΢֪һ֪ȥҲûãҲÿնܣȥһ˾Ϳԣƽʱ䣬ʹڴԪ
֮࣬΢ҲһأСԺõĶߣдԪɽˮ㣬ĵطȻûбҪٻСԺһСԺǿߵʱ΢ȥһ˫˶н飬Ǻֱͬһ㣬뿪ذᵽԪȻҪ˫˵һ
΢⻹ͷһǰֻ˿΢Ų裬аأǼҴҵˣ⸮ۡͲ֪ԨСԺ˶٣ǰ߰˸ԺӣжʮӣԺмɽ¥ʮ⡣
΢ã˫Ȼܸˣݲ裬ȡģ΢Ҫذߣ˫Ц̣ոնһҲʧ䵽ϣȻ൱ȡ
ִ磬Ҫߣ˫һʧ꣬һ䡣
㣬ġ˫ܺã˫ӣȻҲЩ᲻ãǱ㽫΢˴Ԫŵ齲˳Ȼ΢ǴԨӹ²ִƴԪġ
˫ĿɿڴȻ΢ССͣȻѾһšҲŵڣܿƽǿִ磬Ǵϲ£ΪβңҲǰȥ񡣡
΢ЦһҲΣʱԨǰһˣֻܽԪ˵컹û˼ҡ
ʦܣҲǺûˣӰûţҪǸôҾͲָɵˡ鴮ĴԪʱ򷴵΢֪ϵûһȻ
ͼ˫ȴʮִ磬⻰ͲˣȻд˻ԵҪסĲ˵ԪҲǴɵɣʼ洿ԪҲһɵޣҲе̵ģִȻѾţҪú׳ɽš
ʦܣ㻹һŮ޼Ҷ£Ů޵ǺҵۡԪҲ鴮̫ãֱһ룬˿ǵ
΢ûԪӣǶ˫˵ĶԣҲˣ
΢˫£ҲͶȻĵ˫ͨ黭֮΢̸̣۽񣬲֪Ѿɽ
ȻŨ΢Ҳҹֻǣ˫ȻЩ˸У£ֱڿһ䣬˫ŵѿ뾩ʥԺվҪ뿪뵽ԺЩ˸С
΢һҲ̳Թء
ɵǿҲҲɵ֧һʥǶޱȣʥԺʥּڽ̻ڣй֮ҲΪ
ɣǴʥԺǿߡ
ȻҪʥԺͶҲ˭ȥģ΢Żϲ˫


ھʮ ɽ
㣬黭˫ĲɳڣȥʥԺʺϲˣ˵㽫ܳһŮʥءֻȥ֮Ǿ͸ˡ˵˵ţȻǰરવᣬտʼ˫ˣһ뾩Ǿǧ֮ң˸˫ͬϲŭϣһĲᡣ
΢״Цһһ߲ˣ˵˫Ҫȥǣ˵ĻͽǬҲ֪΢ɿУ޿κεǸӣҲʮֻӭͷӸ΢һ黭̸֮
˵ڶ磬΢Ÿȥ˫һֱͳأŲֿ˴ԪɽµʱͻȻȡһｻ΢
үʱҽĶСҲֱȴޱ֮Ȼó˫΢⣬΢֣˫ΪãȻֵý顣
΢һ㶣Ķһ壬΢˫˵ǲû뵽Ѿͷⶫ͸Լ
ѾͷǶʦܣ޵֮˲ףɱ𹼸ѾͷĳģҪʦңźԪʱ˵⻰ʱ򣬴һ˿ɣȻҲйµģϧ˰Ҳû΢Щûˡ
΢ȻûʱʹԪϹΪˣֺγ˫Լֻ꣬΢˫һǸСѾͷûôġ΢־ɳҲ͹װɵ
˿̣뵽ٱʱ˫Դ˸еݣ΢Ҳвܣ뵽֮գҲȻˡ
ҹ΢ϣڴԪ֮ɣԪ˿̽ɽ͵ۣͷǺǿգ΢ɽ紵˼Сɸɣٹٷǿֵ磬ٸߣܲסȻΪ˾ۡ΢ľΪ赣ģǹְЩ֡
ȻԨգһƷ׫޹ԨæҲʹڱˣƷѾ˲ˣ΢⻹ԶԶ
΢˼˼¡
ڣ΢뵽˷ӣȻǱ׫٣ǾҪְ֡һ΢˵һλ٣ķѪдһ澭ɽ
Ϊɽ
Ǽ͹ļ˵ٱдһ澭λ롣
ǡɣ΢Ͱݶǡɽǵ΢зնǰʮ顣ʱ㣬ٻûпʼдһ΢оðһ뷨βԼдһƪ
΢һȻݶɽûжȫҲⱾļʮ˲ᣬ΢ֻǶһᣬνһҶ֪΢ţԼҲдɽұԭá
뵽΢д󶨣ֻҪ֮գԼһݹټԨĻλԿԶһ
ҪдɡɽҲ£΢֮⣬ȱʱ䡣΢ڴԪÿȥһ˾ʱ䣬ϣ˾вûεò黹кܶġЩļɢңѳϵ΢Ҫıǻͳ±д
գ֮䣬¹ȥ
ʱ䣬΢Ͻ˼ɽϣļĲаôࡣȻ΢Ĳ˾´ˣ΢˵ǣûٵע⡣
΢Ĵ㣬һ£ɿʼʣдһġ澭
΢ϣ˾սžͿ´˳棬һվһԣ΢ļæ˸΢עСĵɫ
´ˣ΢æ´٣λƷ΢ڵֱϹ٣Ȼǲв
ߣֱ׫˾Ҳˣ㣬ΪĹٱ׫ÿãҲҪȥնӰʵЩˡ´һڣֱѵ⡣
΢֪ҲֻǵͷǣȻ΢ȴᣬСҲǺü첻ӰҶǸѧĺòá
ˣ²ΪҪ׫λƷٵĲᣬһ֮ɣĸ֣겻ɣ׫ҲͲҪˡ´˵꣬ȥȵ뿪ĲŴչִˣϣ´ֻ˵˵ѣص档
΢Цŵ˵ͷٳϵ飬ûʲôѵס´ֻǽôԼѣҲϹ֮ҪηмӡҪдĲȴЩ⣬һʣŴӾ֪顣
ǶƷٿճһλӣǼλƷȻһۺҪλҪλȻҪĲᣬ϶Ҫ䵽ͷϵģ²һСģͿܵǼλƷ٣´˲ŽԼժҸ¡̾Ϣһ΢˵ͷȻ֪еĹؼ׫ĲᣬҪдһǳǵ޿ģ˵ѡɲžͿĲᣬһдãǿҪġ
ˣдãѡһλЩûλ˵ͻὫֵԼͷϡ
˵ǳֺõ飬ֲ´˶ô죬Ϊԭ
´˿Զ㣬΢ȴУǱ׫٣ɵľҪѣҲѵϣԷһƷޣʸ׫Ĳᡣ
뵽΢Ȼﰵµϼ޻Цְ֮ڣǾûжĲȡͿʼд
Ĵ֣໹΢ϣ΢һҲ׫٣о飬˿ҲǲŲæռĲᡣ
ԭҲںѡУ΢׵ĲᣬаλǵҲϾ˶ԼҲһܲһӣλǲʣƷةλþͿ˳Ҫλ٣пܻӸйѡһˡ
뵽΢һԨҲлᣬԨλƷةȨƾʹˡ
ʱ˼£΢;æµã΢һʱͷһͲôæˣЪһЪʽʼ׫Ĳᡣ
Ȼ´˽Ȩ΢ϣΰ΢˵ǹõģһҲЦȫִ˰š
˾΢ֱȥԨԨ󰸣Ƭ̣΢żһ緢Ԩ
ֵܣô·ûеɣԨе·ᣬ˾٣΢Цҡͷôᣬ´˻ǺܹģⲻոҰ˱׫Ĳ顣
ԨҲǴˣһͷӦǻ֣һ紵Žգ½ƣֹ˿


ھʮ 
Ĳı׫ǷͬСɣȻ鷳ȴǲܳ˿ôþ䶼Ҫǡô˵дĲްǰ˺޴۹ҲߣҪʿ죬˵һαдĲᣬͱҳ⣬·һ٣ֲһҪ½죬ٰҰԨ΢ǹЦ
ԭ´ڱ׫ĲϳԹ΢ҲǻȻ򣬰ֲãԨ˿ҲЦݣһµȷݲһ·ҲǺвŻƫƫ˺޴Ĳɸߣ룬дĸ״ԪȻƪ©£Ҫģй޹
΢ЦЦ׫Ĳóһһӿɲ˵
⣬ԱõĲ᲻ͬƷٽҪУ˵һڳ޴¶Ļᣬ˵ûͨڣ߱һҲҪע⣬ôһûйϵв̰£д֮¶ҪоݣɿʵԨʱһ䣬΢ĿɿڴʵĪǻպô
Ȼ㲻գЩϹپͻƲǣƽ׵ˣʿɶֹСԨһȻ
΢룬ͽ֮ǰ˳ǾةλԨܷ渮ةλ
ԨһҲǳ˼Ƭ̣ͷˣǱңұز𣬵ֵңҿԸ㣬¸йӺȻϣΪϴγı飬ûϵĻˣʣµľҺӹˣӹй٣ƹܸ˾ΪҪԶңҪ˵ᣬΪֲûУҪ֪˵ľټҲǺҪģ˵ľټ¿ɳɡ
£Ԩһ࣬΢еĹؼǾλɹԭةĻ൱ҪҲ˵ҪԨ٣͵λһҪƾԨ
Ȼ˵ʵ΢Ԩ޷˭λ΢ģҲֻǾ׵ĲдƯһЩ
Ԩһ˽Ѿ΢ǷشԪһ춼Ĳ顣
ȻҪ׫Ĳᣬдɽ¾Ҫһˣ΢еʱ䡣
ȵҹٴη˾ʱûп´ˣֻоĺ⼸ڳ
ǼٶףǰƷ٣΢ǰ
ֱ׫˾ïţɷһ˵
ˣʲô¶Ҫһ󵽣ҿǱģִˣɷ߶һ
λǼҪֱ׫飬ǻǵȵ˵ɡ
ƾʲôҵҲܼ
࣬Ū΢ЩĿɿڴתһ֪ôˡԨ˵׫ĲҲһʲȻԼһʽı׫˿Ҳǳѡ
΢飬ֵλΪĲı׫֮¶λģ׫Ĳҷ֮£ȻҴĴ⣬׫ʱһ£ʱ仹ܿԣλ£ɡ
ǼһȻأȻǽЩˣҪԼҵϹ˵飬ôҲûڡмӦģѾǷӦ֪΢лǸȥҲ½Ӧ뿪ȻҲ۵ģȵˣҲߡ
һ֣ٵȵ˶ˣǰֱ׫Ƿ˾֮ǰݻֱ׫ģҼ˵ֱ׫Ĳ˵úǾ壬Ѿãֻ˹æԲݻᣬһС˼ɾ⡣
˵ţݹһʮ־ͷ
Ǿһ˵¶֮ɫ΢ȻҲһ翪ɵʯɵĹʱһЩٶȣһĶ
Ҳ˶ѣ΢ľȻǿⶫͬԨ˵ⶫȻʲôöҲ˼ģǲգƲˣ
ҲƷ٣΢Ȼǲ𣬿ôһҲ㲻ǻ¸΢Ǵ󷽵ˡ
ټ״ҲǹһЦĿĴɣǹһȥ
΢˿ǵɵͷⶫʵûʲôãҪ۹Чľ˺ֹٱ
룬΢һݸһԵľġ
ֱ׫ǡĽ΢ЩһΪʲôԼһЩôû뵽΢ȻһԼ
ǿͬţиͬͬкôȻٲģ΢˵ʮþĺøдҪ֪·ôЩ꣬ǴûеõʲôôƷְûȨƣ˵ô̲ҲþԹı׫پȻ˴󷽣þĸо
Ǿպãļæ΢ִˣԺľִ˵ġ
Ǳҳˣ΢ȻҲ뷨Ժ׫ɽҪԼռɽֹϣԾ˻Ҫ£ġ
ԺֻҪúЭ٣ôٲ㣡΢˵꣬ĸǼ룬ǵִˣ׫Ĳ˵һЩôҲܴдãЩٻǺǣǳҲǣϴ´˾Ϊ׫Ĳ£˸Ѫͷ
΢֪Լ룬ŽԼ΢Ѿǵͷ޷Լͺá
ʼٸĲ¼죬΢춼ҪͣҲ˲ٺöȻأһҲŪ㣬֮ġ΢ѣյȫգȴʲôʱԼ
ϵƷ٣Ѿ΢Ҳֻλˡ
ţһǹͷԵ̽ͷ΢ЦǺǵܹ΢һҾִˣˡ
Сӣ΢һЦȻ֪ʲôʣ϶йء
ִˣ㣡ʱЦǺǵ˵һԣСִˣʵ
΢һʲôˡ
²ߣһΪҲ˲٣Ѿǹ鶯󾳣˵΢ĵϵ£ҳ϶ӹɣ΢סͱˡ
ãͺȥ΢ʰһ£;Ĵ˸к͸Ź뿪·ϣ΢ֹ֪Сʲô飬ʵߣǲʲô鷳ˣ
ЩһĿһ΢ȻŵִˣСߵȷ㣬ǲ֪᲻鷳ִˡ
Źǿӣ΢һЦĹߵļ򣬵㲻˵ô֪ܲܰ㣿˵ɣǵĹϵܰæһȫ


ھʮ 
΢ĻӿһɼԼˣµС߾˵ˣ
˵΢˵̵꣬Ʒ֮ү񣬸ùλһӿճ⼸¸ة˶ûжѡСڸõҲʮˣ롭
С˵΢ģϾ΢ڹҲͨԨɽԼ˵仰λĻỹеġ
ʵҪ˵Ϊ߶ﵽ׼ˣֻû˵κòһλĻᣬ߱ҪץסҪȵٿճ֮λ֪Ҫ¡Ҳûб̫ϣȻ֪֮λ˿̫ˣ˵ЩСҲвٹϵʿ֪Ϣ֮ڻ
Ϊˣ֮λųٳûж£ΧλѾҡҲΪԣ΢ܲץסһᣬץסˣȻλǲУǹҲˡ
΢һҲ㶣治֪뵽Լ֮λǰҲߵѴ
С֮һؾƷ׵٣һʲôǣôûʧҲԼҲһ
ʱ΢ͻȻ뵽λûûѡԼδزܰߣԼˣλԼԨҲкôҲǹߣ΢ѡһɣһǹȡ
Ȼ֮˲ŮӣͰūҲлᡣ
΢ǣܽߡɺ͹ΪԼ˸ڣ΢̵ҲֻԨһˣ˵ǹ
ƽ΢ûӲ֣һƷ׫ûʲôȨƣԨҲֻԼλõĹѡڣ΢һᣬõĹȨȻڸةֻҪܸ㶨ףôδزܽ°á
һܽƷ٣ǰƾԨƷةλãǾʲô¶ˣʱΪةȻǿ
΢һ·˼ǰһƻԺΣ˸֮΢Ѿг˵ȥЩѶȣ쿪΢ȴ֪ϵ飬ûоԣνΪҪԵģǵȥԣһɹء
һ·΢Ҳûж˵ùѣ߻Ϊ²ð죬һľɥ΢׼õʱ򿴵ߵı飬룬С߹ߣ뷨ӡ
Ȼֻһ仰ȴǴ˼ѪһӾ֪΢Ըһ㲻ŵһŵȻһŵǧڹʮ΢ģϲɫ
лִˣ߼æҾ΢˰ֵȻȥɣúõҪ
˵꣬΢븮֮ڡ
ԨԨ΢ةҪʣ϶ΪĲ顣
΢ȻΪĲ׫д϶˵ԱĲݲУһЩԴɫ϶ҲϹӷֲ٣ԣ΢ôһССİƷ׫ŻᱻƷٴӡ
ףҲΪ¡
׵鷿˿λةĸģ΢ԨҲǽβƳɵıʷ£Цŵ΢ˣˣֱ׫һϺõ衣
֮ǿҲ΢һܳ
˵׶΢ӡܺã˼ŵİӣ΢ģǸһͷһ֮֮΢ŻΪģ΢󾾳ףǳıΣ͹׺һˡ
׿ǽ΢ɸģԭ΢ͨڤɽ˲ӣ뽫΢ظãֻû뵽΢ȥʲôƷ׫٣Ȼɻ󣬵ҲҶʡ
һƷɳɹ٣ճһƷٵλӣȻ뷨ģϾǹΪ׶ϸ񣬲ҲǰλͿһЩϸˡ
Ҫ˺޴ĵĲᣬһµĵطܲٳ˺޴ӡĲҪ֪΢ȻĲı׫ٺҲǴϲ΢ҲʶԲҪ˽ӴֱӾͽ΢
Ʒ٣΢Ҳʮ־н˺üΣ΢ϣҲֱͦһģ
ûӣɳ˹٣ϹٶҪϾٴһѹˣܵġ
Ԩ֪һЩԼڳû£ҲûиܿԨҲӦ˹ٳ˿ǽʸǣֻ΢̸¡
û˱ˣҲǿ˼䣬ֱӲ⡣
΢˵ζĲı׫ֵģ׿ʵ
΢ȻԼΪ£ͷˣȷˣҲ´غΣ½¹졣
ðΪԨ˵Ż磬ű׫ĲҲȻĲὫҪʸ޴˿ģɲ˿ʧôʽ䶼Ҫٽ˵һα׫Ĳᣬ·ͱˣΪôʲѣв䡣˵һ䣬Ǹ΢ѣҪصޡ
΢æ񣬵лѣ΢Ȼϸãҳ
׵˵ͷֵЩطԲ׼ҿҿӣǰڸõ˵ҲԼˡ
ϵˣ΢ЦһȴһмлֻаģȻǽԼɫһɡ
΢Ȳ裬Цȴ˵ǵ΢̬Լ̬Ѿˣһ⽻ã΢ܿԼĿģӦҪúøԼдרͻϹ֮ۡ
ֻǵȥȴȲ΢̬жʱЩż΢һ㶼ɣ
΢Ȼ׵˼£΢д㣬ǲΪҪ£̸һʽס
ȻҪ̸ף͵öһ
׵Ȳ΢̬ҲЩϲüͷһ壬׫֮£΢Ҫģһ飬ôʲͬҲͬҪôʣ⣬˳ҲҪ˭ŵһ˭ŵڶҲҪǵġ
仰ֱˣޱ֮Ҳ֪Լ˼ȻЩżˡ
΢¶Էż׵ı֣΢ףˡ
΢һ񣬵ִˣʵ΢Ĳд˷ģ΢ȻĲдõˮ©΢аգ۳˻޴˿ˣֻס˵Ĳᣬ˵ġ
ͷһȴ΢⻰˵ĿˣĲᣬϹֻܼסԼģλĻʹˡ
Щ꣬ҲԿƼˣپ㣬ֻ΢𣿡
տƾҲȷţ˿ɷ¹ٴһģ΢Ц
ģȤʲôģһ֣࣬΢ɲԵ޹˵Щġ
ܽĲᣬһ֦㣬ó˺޴˶࿴ᵽƷ٣˿ɷǰƾԨةλã΢һһ


ھʮ ʦ
΢˵꣬鷿ڣʱѻȸ
΢ǰʾʵĹ˵ʵҲЩϰ£׿Ʒ٣λȨأԼԷ̸ģʵЩ󲻾
΢ȴҲһΪΪʳҪλĻʣһ㣬ǡԼܸģԲŻװŵӣ˵ôһ
˵Ǵģʵ̸
״˿̶΢ˮҲ֪ʲôһˣ϶һѹ֮޴룬΢ǳ˵мӵֲʧִ硣
ãײջһѹջĿ⣬һڲˮ֪ǱƾԨ渮ةҲδܳ¡
΢΢΢Цˣһ΢Ȼֻ֪Ҫƾ˱ɣλҲ˵˻ʶ飬㲻ܳ£΢Ҳ˵ʲô
֮⣬Ǿֻܾټ赣ġ
ĸȤˣó΢ڿЦзӰԼλ΢һ֪ǸҺԼЦƱҪܲصĴۣԨȲ
ҴӦ㣬˾ϣһ䡣
΢˵ֱߵǰ׵һֻǺʣֱֽдͬһ֡
д֮΢ֽ̧𣬵ˣ뿴
в⣬Ŀȥֶһ֣嶼һģһʲôϸһɫ䡣
ˣ׺ε˿̾ȻҲǱ˵ָұǸ֣ͬ
ȻһģһƫƫұǸȴһɶصϣ鲻ԽĿȥעĿߵǸ֣ȴǺͬͬһˣһͬؤһǻ½գ˭ӡȻӹɡ
׵ĴǣȻ΢˼ϸһ룬Ǹо٣΢Ϊ׫٣ͨд˵Ĳᣬøղ̺ϵдԼĲᣬôԼĲȻӱһ֦㡣
ܲλڳһֻ˼һ֮䣬ԼΪ㹻ͱľ߱಻࣬£Ȩڳ˺޴Ĳһ¶Ļᣬ˵Ҫ
ʱĲڳ˺޴ºӡ¾˰˳ɰա
Խ룬ԽǼ˷ܣȻҲǾþӹλܿ͵飬ٿ΢ѾЦݡ
΢㾹Ȼȱ£˵Ϊλرоͬһ֣ƫƫһҿ뿴һȴǰٿᣬǹա׾治ѣ΢Ȼ֪ô¡
дֵʱ΢ʦıī顣ī飬ǻ滭鷨Ҳãټ΢鷨ѾǴﵽһǳߵľ磬ǲñī飬Ҳܽƶϲŭ֮дУһһ⾳֮˵
΢һ˵ױİ棬кã˲벻鷨֮Ȼ֮ͬһ֣Ȼ֮󡣡
ԭ΢ֻΪöԷ׫дԼĲʱһЩʵ׺ǰһЩȴû뵽΢Ȼȹ񲻼ֶΣҲǻԾ
һ˴㣬Цãܺãٽձ΢ģֻҪٽٱ֤ټԨҸةλãȷ٣Σ
΢ҲǴϲæǾһΪ
ãһΪ
˻Ϊģ¾ôˡ齲ˣ΢ȻǲǸȥ׺ܺ͵ſڣҪ֪һ٣Ʒģ׿ǴӲ͡
ҲΪ΢̫ջ󣬾׵ľҲ⻼ûʧʧһ㷽硣
֮΢Ԩһֱţʱ߹뿪֮һط΢ľһ˵ԨǾһ亹Сֵܣ㵨Ҳ̫ˣȻҺ˽һһָǺã
΢Ҳһ£磬ҵȻҲ£¹£Щ²Ϊ¾Ͳȥţ˶ٸأԲŻġ
ԨҡҡͷЩ֮ˣʵϣ˵룬һǺлģ㲻ģҲ¸ةλӡ
İǸ󣬴ģ΢˵꣬Ԩ͵µľ˵Ĳӱ
˵΢ǹЦ⻹Ҫлҵʦ
΢ī֮鷨ϵһԨҲĿɿڴĬòֵ̾׿ԽֲҲ
ԨʦҲʮˣȴǱȲ΢֮ˣ΢ȻǿԾһʦõ鷨֮ϣǾޣϲϡ
Աī֮д˵ĲᣬҪڶӱȷ練ƣֲ˻Ӧľ֣ãܳɣܽƷةֵǾ׹ģԨ˿Ҳ鼫ѣѡ΢ǹˣ΢Ʒ٣Ѿ԰Լ
磬ҿɲǰװæ㵱˸ةҪӦһ¡΢Ԩϵֵͬܣ˵ҲⷱȽڡ
ʲô£˵϶ӦԨޱȣͬѾƷةˡ
ڿȱλãѡ΢˵£ǽЦ˵
ԨҲһ㶣֮λֵܣôθڡ
ԨֵãӦ㣬ǴĿԵƷةȱĹѡ
һ׼ã΢ص˾ʼʽ׫Ĳᡣ
ֻһʱ䣬΢ʱȣҹҪ׫дϾԭ׫Ĳ¾Ҫý׫֮飬ȷһʧ
һʱת˲ţ΢տ˵ҹ׫ĲᣬЩģϾдʱҪʹʦī飬΢ΪҲһֿ顣
ȵһ£΢ѾƣֻǿϰŵʮĲᣬҲΪԺһʱ׫ĲᣬÿһǾĽ©ֺžǳˣ޴ģҲһë
һ㣬΢оԵţԱ߾Ѿޱȣ˯΢ҲûнղҪĲϽɣҲż
һ±׫Ĳᣬ΢ʦıīҲһ˿ԭ˿ûнչľ磬˿ҲͻƵļ
΢бʣߵһϥ£Ŀڤ˼֮ĸҪץһ˿ʦ硣
̶ʱ䣬΢Ѿ붨ĸ
΢붨֮˾֮ͻȻһϢ΢ոշµıʼ֮ϣīҪ䣬Ѿգһ̣ͻ¡
ɲ֮䣬˾֮һƺһ㣬Ѿڿеī飬ҲǾֹͬ
һ̣ƾճһˣ˴ų£٣


һ ī
һα׫Ĳᣬ΢Ǵ鴮ģ֣鴮еĴԪȴһǡɲ֮ǹֶΣ鴮ҷų̽顣
һδԪֱӱϳ޼ķ־ͬһΣȻûзִԪӵĴڡ
ȻҲǹɣȴͨɣδһ䣬ɣ֪Ҫǿ٣ȻִܷԪӡ˵ԪȻ䣬ֻʣһƲҲɵʱγɵģΪޣȴڣ֮£Ȼ޲
ϾɵʿѾԺͨᲢˡ
˿̴Ԫ鴮У̽飬ȴǰԼλʦܹȻǷˣȻԽӶıɹעȻ´ԪҲ΢¹عɣԪҲ鷳
˵ʩչɲ֮ΪԶϳ޼ģɲ֮ʱ̣ܶԵЩҴҡ
ܹ˿ɲ֮һ΢ȻͽĿͷ֮ϵĲᡣ
Сӵдôã׫ϧˣҾȿдĲ᾿ΣȻΪǹΪȴֻ鷨һáƽϲ飬ռȥġִ˲ƣ
΢֣رϲģҪȻμ΢֣ҲԾֻ¡
΢֪дͨڤɽؿϵġš֣˿ڣͱ˲ͬλߣΪҲߣ֪ܶ顣ͨڤɽĹؿ¥ܲһ㣬罻֮Ҫ̺ʥĶѹԲŻȥɳʥױ֣ѹؿ
ʥ֣ҲǼΪĽֻû뵽΢Ȼдʥȼ壬д֮ʥ֮һ˿ʥ⡣
ʥӳֵġš֣Ȼͨڤɽһ£֮޴˲ʥ֡
ֻǵյ飬Ǽ̡
ʥ޴˱Χ´󣬾ǲ˴ʥ⣬ʥǰҲһܣֻгһٲ֪ڳ˲ࡣ
ʥɳƷɹ٣ͬƷ٣ƷٻҪһ˵ɹٵλ֮ϡʥ֮伶޴ˣҲҵ
ڿ΢ĹŶ֮ʥȻʮϢʱ䣬˵һ仰ī飬֣
ʱڳٺ͸ʥɹٶסˣȴΪʥһ԰ǿɳλʥ֣ҲӲ˵֡ۡ
֪΢á
ʱʥҪһдԶȡʥֵ֮ˣ΢һѷĻܱʥأɾͲֱӽɳΪ١
ǣϳ޼ȴǾܾʥҪΪΣȻҲѯʣֻǿϧ΢ʧȥһλ
ʥεȻǿûд֮˭ֻ̧ͷ˿ӡڳ֮ϵĹŶ֣źΪʣУڹŶ֮дһء֡
Źأ
֣ศɣʥڣȻѹ˴ꡣ
ʥֻһ仰˵ȵŹʥѾֻд¡šֵǸ˱ɣ˵㷵ɽ硣
ʥ΢ֶƳ磬֪΢жˣ֪΢˱׫֮Ҫ׫ĲᣬŰͲסȶΪ죬Ϊ֪޴Ҳǰ鷨֮ˣЩĲύ޽´һֲˣԲŻȶΪ졣
Ĳᣬͷָ̧ջźƲ࣬·ġĲϵ塣
΢һ¿๦ױ׫дǰƷٵĲᣬûһʲдƪȥܲǡƮݣһ۶˾崺磬͸̹
дøة׵Ĳʱǵɴ۾һ𾪡
ôˣͬ壬Ϊοȥر֮У
һοǼΪϸ׵Ĳ֮ȴѹûȤٿĲᡣȻޱȣ룬ȡոտһᣬϸԱȣ֮󣬲ͻȻЦ˲ãһ΢Ȼַӱ˵ң޴˿ˣҲȻֻӡ̡ˣλӦԨȤȤ˵һҲҪˣҲ˴ˡ
һƪĲϸֿһ飬֪ɲ֮ɵʱ̾Ҫ⣬ĲᣬŻһʧ١
ڰյī֭ʱŵ
΢˿֪ղŵϾĲ̫޴󣬾ûκξʾڸʦһ˿΢ţһӦÿ˶ѾֹǰʦΪ
һֱǷ˯ľ΢Ŵ˿΢鼫ѣʦȻûĴӱīͻƵһµľ磬ҲҪǰǿ˺ܶ࣬һΣͿͻˡ
ʱˣ΢ź;һ𣬽׫õĲװһߡ
΢һҲΪ׫Ĳ˷˲ʱ䣬λӶԨƷةλӣ΢Ҳֵˡ
ĲѾߣֻȳ˺޴飬΢Ҳ;˵һͷشԪ
˿峿΢ϣ߳䵽棬ʼɶ
ʱ򣬴֮ԺԪȨѾڶµǿʼǲΪܲûУɵΪչֻרע
ʵҲг·ģ΢֪вɣǿһЩˣ似ܿɽʯĴδضЩʿˡ
棬Ҳһ㣬ϲÿնʹԪʿһϰ䣬Ԫϳ
ɺ΢һרעڵԴӸ΢ѧϰ֮ÿҲϥԺ
ԵЩĲɣ֮ǰ΢߹뵽΢Ҫתȥԥȵ΢ɵĶתһ죬˿۾߹
£΢һɣҲ൱磬֪ӱȽֱʲô˵ʲôȻԼȻ¡
ִˣҡǰүˣ˵飬˵֮λѾ˺þˡ˵͵͵΢һۣ΢û¶֮ɫżҾֱ˵ˣλ˭Ҫ˼ǰ󣬼ȻпλӣΪʲôȥһҳ˺ү֮⣬ֻʣˣִ۳벻ɣɽִֻ˵ģִ˵Ҿ˵򹷣Ҿ켦
⻰˵΢Цˣ˷Ȥռһ֮λû뵽ļ֮¾ȻԼԼ


һ٩һ ة
Ҫ˵ɾеģҲؾҲͿԼҲһƷԣ΢ӴɾΪϣһӦû
뵽΢ЦɣҾͲŹû˵ѾӦ뷨Ӹȡһλӵ飬òǺ͹ߺϻƭҰɣ
ŵðִ֣ˣ⡭⡭Ҿʵʵ˵ˣүȷ˵ģү˵ܰҵľִֻˣæⱲӶһְٰ
΢ͷ˵ûܳΪ١ڹ߸ЩϣԼһλӣԲߥԼ
벻ѡѾ˴㣬ɾҪռһġ΢Ȼȥ˵ǷԼһ飬ԽҲкô
ҲнģңҲǴԪĵӣһᴦգһ£н΢˵仰ǽӦôϲ֮¾Ҫ¹л΢ǽҲΪ΢ﻹûʮɰա
˵ǰ棬ֻܾΪ벻ȴܱ֤΢˵꣬ͷд仰ǲɣԺҲȻΪǰ󡣡
΢ͷȥµĹؼڸةףܸԨܽΪةĲѾ׫͵Ϲģھнˡ
΢û֮˾׫ɽʱ߼Ҵҵ˵ԨԼ
Ԩ˿Ǵ⣬һǺٽӣ΢æ΢ݣȻ³ȥС˸ˣ
΢һֱŵʯͷ˵ء
С﹧٣΢ʱ΢ЦԨû˵ҵ飬ô֪ģ
ɫ֪ˣ΢һЦ΢ûʮգһȻʸˣƷٿв٣΢ҲȷԼī飬д׵ĲûЧ
λɹ΢ǾԼȻǳһֵϡ
μԨϲɫȻߵʱټԨһθةһ»Ѿ˶ۣ˭ҲȥѾƷ׵ӡ
ԨϸһĥҲǹһЦҲ̫ˣϲɫ΢ĶߡҲҪ֪ٵУôʹƷйٽƷةĿ˵ǰδУٱԨٶѾ˼ˡ
»Ѿˣʽ´Ʒةֵܣ¸ҲմĹ⣬һѣҲƾҡˣ˻أԨʱһţæ΢ߡ
ԭةĸۡ˿ѾвٵõҪŵȺݼ
٣ȨƸҪͽȻǶ˺ܶ࣬΢Ԩ߹ʱÿӺһѿĴ˳
ӺǸй֮ףǰҲǸڶΪһγıȴǵλ˷֪׹һƷҪ븮ãǴźǰҪ̽̽ڷ硣
һߣة֮λͿȱˣλӣӺͿˣһȽ䵱֮
һμףԷȴûиʲôɫǽﾡ˻أѵһ١
Ӻ˵һ飬ǾѾƾԨλãǸ׹١
Ӻǲһ޲ýԨǧСӺҲǼʹ֪ԼôҲǻ췦ԨλĶͷ˾ܱþĽİͽֺãкӹ
Դ˿̼Ԩ΢Ӻһ㶣Ȼǿѹеĺ⣬һЦݣԨˣҪһЩڵ飬ʱ䣬Ҫָһ¡
˰Ҫȥˣ飬Ҫһ˵ԨӺ϶֣˿Ҳ˵ʵϾûʱ˼
΢һҲǰ֣֪ǹˣ̽ӺķӦ΢Ҳ뿴ϼһܲ
΢ΪǣӺȻЦݵ˺˵ȻҾͲˡ
˵꣬ɨ΢һۣȻЦ뿪ڱ᲻ţԨɾ͹ܲˡ
ϼһҲн죬ûٱʹӣԨҲһθة֮ζԷ
΢Ҳ֪ӺΪ壬
ʱԨŵͨܿ죬ͽ΢Ԩ˽ȥŵȺݼڶٶĽѡ
棬΢ס
֮ǰ˿̵Ƹ㣬Ʒ٣Ѿһ߹ˣҲǾþӹλǹƵ󾳵ΪȻϲ£ȴǿʲôߡ
ĳǸȻҪԨĶ࣬ϲŭѾơȻ׻൱ģҪ֪٣ֹƷܸһ¥Ժ·ӾǴˡҲ֪Լϸڣ˵ǳ˺޴˿ԼĲ֮ѡԼ
Ҫ˵΢鷨ûãԼţԼ΢ˣҲ¶ټЦݣ顣
΢ɵĺãԺʲô£ңҲҪҿԨֵƣҲͽһɡԽ΢Խϲ֮ǰ΢ǰѣǰԼλɹ罫΢Լĸˡ
˵⻰ȴԨһȻû뵽׾Ȼ˿΢Ҳ΢ˣѾƷ٣Ȼ޺
ǣҾͽһˣ΢ʢȴоǲӣһǶģҽ׶ԼҲкô
ãã׺ǸˣȻֵѾƾϵܽҸةλӣŹ´ˣһȴ£ϵܣϸﻹȱһаƷ٣ԸȥΣ
˵꣬΢Ԩǳһ΢û˵ԨѾǷӦ޲΢Ӧ
Ҫ֪˾ûʲôˮٶΪ乬˵ѽԨ뷨ӽ΢̳Ը΢ߣȻǰƷʹһˡ
׵շ΢֮ٴνԺù˾˷ʱ䡣
΢ֺγ֪Ǻ⣬֮ǰӦѾʼ׫ɽһ׫ɽ٣ǽ룬ٲ˵ĺô΢Լ׫ġɽضԷĲʱ֮գԼü֮ʱ
ףƺҲһᣬ΢Ծ֮࣬˼ס


һ٩ 
Ϊˣ΢۽ȻǱѰͻȻ뵽Ӳһζˣտʼ˳˳ˮɾҲޡȻڶԼãδܺԨһԼֵһ㣬µ飬ûǲҪ
뵽΢Ѿ˴㡣
΢׹һȻ΢л˹գ΢Ը˾´α׫Ĳᣬܰˡ
һҲһʧȻ΢ԸȥȻǿ
ˣǾˣţʲô鷳£ϸңȻͼˣ˵һ׻һԵԨȴҡͷ֪̾΢ΪξܾҲ֪΢ȻԼ뷨ҲûȰ˵
˼裬һ̸΢ԨŸ뿪ʱ׾Ȼ͵ſڣЩŽӼٴһǺ׻Ϳ˳ţǶԨ΢࿴ΪΪԨԵʣϾԨ׳ΪةѾʲôˡ
΢ֻԨߵһѣֻβ²׾Ϊ΢Ż͵ſڡ
ԨҲкܶҪ΢֮󣬻ص˾׫ɽ
ܾף˾΢˵һ壬ԹǸ΢ţȵԼһɽ֮գȻ硣һǸ׫ɽ٣ˣ˵֮գ֮͸⣬鴫֮ó𶯣𶯣ɹٽ٣ɽΪһǱ׫ɽҲ˶룬Ӵ˷ɻڴ΢׫ġɽÿһֶǱī飬ںϼɽݣдľԲһǡɽֻá
΢£һר֣һ飬ܵ˿̱׫ɽС΢֪ɽܶʱڱ׫ɣĹ㣬Ҫ¼
飬м֪Ҳ൱֮£΢ȴ֣С
ϢĻҪϢɵ͹Ҳ£һûʲô£΢ȥ˷ʱ䡣
ԨθةƷ٣΢Ҳûȥһ˾٣õѾûйϵ΢Ѿǰأһֻȥ˷עĿȥǸ֡

峿ʱ֣΢ԪУɵľʱգ˱׫ΪѾʯͻƵ˹󾳣ͷĹѾĵΪѾȹ̡ɵΪû˿չģƺôһ㣬Ϊˣ΢Ѿķʯˡ
ʱ΢ָоԼ̾ҪͻƣģһסɢȥȴΪ΢֪Լ޷ģǲҲֻƷһɫġ
ȻһɫѾǧһ΢Ҫһġ
һ·ѣ΢ҲҪ
ˣ˵ķ˵ӦûŶԣΪʱ䣬޷ϾģҲңľһˣôģ΢˼⡣
ôܣԹʵ֮ˣ޳ĵȻһеģߣȻ׿Խϼֻ֮ǰᣬ⻹ʦָ㣬ʦܣʲҲպϣǸľͷֲ첻㣬ʦָ㣬Ͳ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰֻǰչԼ˺ܶ·Ȼ㶮ĵ֮Լʯͷӣûʮʱ䣬ġԪʱ˵
ӣ΢鴮ԪȴǺٿڣǰǻһӽȻͬ΢Ȼ֪Ԫ˼֮·
ԪӵΪܸߣȻֻʣһ˿ʩչʿͨ޵ľ۽绹ڣȻ΢֮Ҳⲻͬ
ͬһɽԶߵͿȥͬھҲһԪӺ΢Ҳһ
΢Ȼ˴Ԫӵ֮⣬д󶨣ЦԪʦ֣ʲôӾ˵ɣǱϾʦֵܣǧܺҼ⣬һԪء
˰ɣʱƶʦˣҲ㣬˶޲ƶΪͽ㵹ãģƶֻܴʦͽʵ㣬ʱǱ㣬˵һοھѾãָ㣬㶨ġ
Ԫ˵꣬΢һ㶣´ϲ԰Լʲôȱȱһָ㣬ԪȻֻʣһ˿۽ȴҪԼҪö࣬Էô˵Ȼаա
΢ɫ̣ԴԪӣ΢Ц鿪ЦǺܾصģһʼǻޣӴʱ䳤ˣ΢֪Ԫӵȷһֵþɵǰ
֪ˣҲգ˵ĶԣƶҲָԪƶһº͵쿪ʼͰҵķҪ磬ҪǴԪͳ֮ʱм飬˱׫ɽľͲҪˡԪ˵꣬΢ȻǵͷӦ
˵ڶգԪӹȻʼʽָ΢ʹڵ΢ҲǳľմԪӵķſʼ
ԪԱʮ⣬һСɽȣﵾ纣ʮŵ۵ĵʦͷæµɽ֮ǰһƣдšš
ţʮһɣ޵ǡȵ˴ɽȱڡΪȣµ֮඼貥ֵأļиŵĵ
ɽ֮ڣһΪӵĵ֮УһθݣͬũһĵУź־ߡ
⿴ȥͬũϺһĵˣŵˣٹȵˡ
־ԴϴαȨһ׻ܣΪϣ˶˺üȦȻѾˣҲԺɾͲٴȳԹú־˿̵ıһ˿
ʦ֣Ԫ̫Ȼǹ٣Ȩ֪ʲôаȻһҹ֮ΪһˣҲܴܶ顣΢Ƿųԣ˵˵ԺµӼԪˣҪ˱ᣬʵڶ㲻Ҳù񡣡
ڵеķٹȵ۾һɣȻǾ֣һŭ֮ﾹȻͻȻһ磬ӴͶҲ˼֡
ٹȵҲɵؾʿ޵ʮأܿŭѯϸڣ־꣬ٹȵ˲ŵⶼǸ΢ϣ٣
־꼱æͷʦ֣ǧȷҿĹӡ˼ٵģ΢ԪɽѾ֮ˡ
ٹȵҡͷ˵һʮޣȻܳΪ٣һǰƷ֮λⱾѾ˵ͨˣһܳΪԪţ򵥰Ӷ˽ܣҲ֮УˣȥЪŰɣ£ʦֻᴦ
־һȴǹڵϰʦ֣ΪϣԪţⶼǲͬĴܴ谡ʦֻع
ٹȵüͷһ˵ˣ£һȥ
־ʦһ˿⣬²ٶ˵ʲôæͷ¡


һ٩ 绽
ǰƽ谵ī֭ǳǳ¶ء
΢бʣȴûһ˿ƣ룬ɽѾдһᣬڱ׫һ֮ҲǽѾ˵롶ɽɻкܳһ·Ҫߣ΢ţʱԼȻһˣɾͷǷ
˾еҪճĲ༯¿΢ҲֵˣȻʱ׫ɽ
ʱ΢ж̧ͷһͿ̽ͷ̽ԡԼ˹Ҿִˣ˽ȥһˡ
΢£Źߵ˸á
ԨѾʽΪ٣ƷةԭƷйٵλҪ̫࣬ȻڸλҲ˺ܶ࣬˵ǹæ΢ҲͦʱûмԨ
֮ڣԨƷٷİᣬߴ΢ڰ֣߾˳ȥ
磡΢ЦǰԨҲǷıʣ㰡һæǰùѰ㣬ȥ˺üζѰһڣȴǲͣ治֪˾ʲôæġֵܣة֮λѾȣԸ⣬ʱϹ룬Ѳι٣ٹ꣬йҲ׾֮£ֺαش˾˷ʱ䡣
΢֪ԨΪԼã΢ԼĴ㣬Ͳ׸ı䡣
磬˾ҲͦãҲᣬǺ£Һ˵óʱдһļ΢˸ԨȻ֪ԼֵܵƢԣ׶Է㣬΢˵ɽԨܲΪȻǽڣҲûǿ󣬶ǵãû˵Ϊ֮λʲôѡ͸Ͻ˵˵㻰˵ѡҾ˰š
λҲǿȱ̫ˣ֮ǰԨոΣϾ˼鲽죬Ȼо
΢һţԼһ£ʵ֮λѾѡǾǹߡɻɽĹȡ
˶΢ѣ
ѡһ˵Ԩ͵ͷãҲʮˣʱһˣȻʸһ㣬㿪ڣҲû⣬ڹȣɽĵӣʸ񣬾ôˣͰţգǾͿΡ
Ǿˣʱҽʱ䶼ϣҲûʱ䣬ǱߣСȥ֪ͨͺá΢ʱ˵Ӧȥ΢׫ɽҪǸŴԪѹûʱ䡣
У½ҡԨ΢ĹϵȻ΢ڣԨһ΢ġ
˵⵱գٹ΢֪ԨæҲûмţֱӸ뿪
صԪ΢ŶֱӿʼʱգÿյĽҲȨȨǴԪĶΪȴ˺ܶ࣬ûµʱ΢̣ʵ̴Ԫӣ˵Ϊ͵ͻͽ
΢űǼģȻֵĵһ˦ƹȨԪˣʱûм΢λʦ桱
ͻͽһգ΢մԪӿд֮Ҳǳ첻Ӱڿ
ʲôز˵ΪҲֻǱȨһѣԪӣΪѾ޷Ტۡಫ΢˵ɡ
ʦܣãɵʼģΪԳɡɵͬͨɵ磬ҪӼգһ޳ģͬڱܵУǸһɵʿʤҲ޼龳ûƷ֣֮ؾȴУʱأǸ˲ãȴͨľ覷ǲǿֲˣҲĵ֡Ԫ⻰΢ܶΣΪʲô˵ô飬ΪһΪҪǻûҪأ覷ǳ˵Ρ
ˣʵ֮ŴԪӵ΢ܿ붨
ܿ͵ʱ֣΢ʱĽڹۣʱͻȻԪƬ֮ܲһȻꡣ
籩꣬Ŵ֨֨죬΢Ҳж⿴ȥ
ˣôͻȻηꣿ΢ʱ൱֣ǵ糿ʣվ飬ͻȻת䣬ֻзȴ׵磬ô͸һɹ졣
˵Ӷ㵽꽻ӣеĵҲһ˼Ȩһ˼
ֲƶⴿԪ˥ܵ˵ز˼۸˶ûӦɷҲԪʱͻȻŭ˵
΢֣Ϳ⣬˿Ԫһ˵ǷӦȻγɣʩ
绽꣬ԪԴʺǺȥȥʿ㣿Ԫ͸һ˿⣬΢ҲƷеĶȻ˹ڶԸԪԷõӳڴԪϣǴԪ˿δҲõȥһȥȷǻ澡ʧ
νһһ㣬֮Ҳ棬ԷڴԪ
ʦ֣ӦԣֻҪģһȫΪ΢ʵҲԼǴԪţԪǴԼôȻǲ̡
ԪһҲǼãʦ⻰ʦҾͷˡߣҪʹԪȻˣƶ档ʦܣǰӽĵѾˣڣʯǸľͷ߶鴮ҴԪ춯绽֮
΢֪ԪһڴӣǴԪӵһɷ֮Ʒ֮Чʺ˶
΢ҵԴԪӽڵĿھ߶鴮Ƭ֮󣬾һɲ֮䣬ƺʲôһ߽⣬ֻƬ̣ͣЪͷȻؼա
ǵϵҶͱ紵ϵ֦ҶղǷͬһ㡣
ҲȨϴһ㣬ľͨʱȨҲӦǳֽһԾݶӥĿȥ
֪ʩԸǴԪֻ˽˿ӰһֱԼҲ²鿴Ѱʩ֮ˡ
Ȩɣʩ֮ʮ֮⣬֮⣬ڣȵǵ˭ǿ˭ǲôҵģɣҲ΢ʱ򽫴Ԫ˵Ļ˵˳˵Ȩһͨ죬ոԷķûпʵǶ˶ˡ
һ룬һʦ֣֮˶Է鴫ȥԪҲûˣ۸ͷ϶ʲôʲôɴ඼ҿʯͷײˡ


һ٩ ն
ʦ棬Ǻ˶ԸǴԪֱһСˣҹĳȴֻһЩ͵ϮȨ˵һ䣬΢ҡҡͷһ㲻ôԪ˵΢֪ʮʩչ绽֮ԷͨʿˣԪڰԼû֡
ȸ־ȻֻǸն˵Ը¶档΢εľ˼֮£³һ˾Ųʮˡ
ӦŵţʲϴǿҪһ֡΢Ԫ˵Ҳ޷ֶβٶɵؾʿ۴СܶԸģ֮ԲӦǼɵݣò˵ôһôˣɱˣĻնСģˡ
ԪӸ˵꣬΢ͿԶһƬĺڵ㣬΢۹֮ȻһƬ֪ķЩһ˫Ŀ죬ͬһ㡣
аߣΪߣҲգʦܣӾԪʱ˵΢һ㶣Ҳ֪ѰֶǵֵЩ
ʿ˵ʵڵģʱǻಫľһʤغ档ԷаǧֻɱһײҪѪȾԪͬͷʺ򣬶˼õǵֻõƽ⣬ǾҪ뷨ӽЩ棬ײڴԪڶصУˡ
Ԫ꣬ôûһЩѹ׵ֶΣԪӵҲǷʿΪڣղžʩڰ֮⽫ʿһɱڣȴֻ΢ƵС
һӿɹأ߶ھֻŲ֪
ȨҲǲ֪ģӾǽǷʩչĹֶΣ΢ͨ鴮߶ɲ֮䣬ԪоȻ䣬ͬһѳͷųնһеĽơ
˿̣𣬶罣֮ϵҶӶεĽն飬˿ǧҲǱ֣˲ʱбһѪ޷Ԫ
ԪڶӼ״һ΢ҲǾηֻ֪࣬ⶼ΢˴ԪЧûз΢ҲͺȨࡣ
봿Ԫʮ￪һɽ֮ϣٹȵҲǽ֮ػɫ԰ף۵һһѪ¶֮ɫ
ȻƽܽˣĪǴԪли֣ٹȵһɣΪߣ֪Է֮󣬾ͶֱŶֵͷжǿٹȵ˱˭һǺ
ǸնԪͷ׶ͣҲһͷ֮ޣֻû뵽ʦٹȵҲƲ磬Ȼ˾ͷƻǴӻȡһҩһ£ɫࡣ
ϢƬ̣ٹȵȡһƤĶ֮ǼŹŹ׭ĵ޹ǡ
ЩٹȵЦֹϹſݻ޹ǣӳɽ֮ˮ֣֮ǴԪԳԣɽôұɻأҵҪʱָΣ٣Ҳ޷ƽ⡣
˵꣬ٹȵ˴߶ͼһɹӿƤָС޹Ϸֱӿźɳͳȣһ̻ɫ⣬ֱԪڷȥ
ԪУ΢¿ţöԷĺУҲ΢ɣʹԪӴԷ֪Ѷˡ
ûô򵥣ʿ˽㿴ŰɣԷȻк֡ʦܣµӱŲóȥ˼ҵĵ⣬ȥɽңȡļõʱֲԪȻḻ΢֪ʱԪӵģš
µȨԼȻûʲô⣬΢Լߡ
Ԫɽ£һңֻдԪ˲ܽ롣ǰнƣ鴮дԪڣ΢ȻͨУ治ʯʯһӡ
˴ҵֿչģ˼ȡҲӦԡԪ˵꣬΢ѾĴ鿴۷̥֮˽룬ֻܿʯʯͿһľ䣬΢ۣ֮Ͳֹˡ
ʯϣͰһöƣһʯ֮ϣһţľ䵱Ум׭ԼһЩʯľϺöʯмݣٶ߰˵ƣ˵߰ݣһ϶ᱻժȡ߰˸ļݣ
΢Щ۾ʱһƳŷ׭ǺöÿһǷ
ǴԪļҵҲǷ񰡣΢ͷһңǿ̾
ԪһǾôʦԿĶ
΢΢΢һЦۣȻЩ϶һֽƣ֮һǿ˶Ŀ˿ЩЩ΢֮ͬ衣
Ԫɻ΢ֻܵʦ֣ʦôһ츳ȳҪúܶ࣬ҾͲˣһ
΢˸ԪһҲ˵˵ҵһĿΪ֮ʦ㾹ȻͨϣʵδţɾͱȻ
ʵϣͨ΢Ϊ˺յģεõģ΢ԼҲȻҲͲ塣
ʱ΢־׼ȥȡϵĶȴǱԪӺֹ
򲻿ɣҵĽƣóȻȻᱻƹڵΪɣЩҲòˣȵʲôʱΪȥˣ跨ȡ˴Σֻȡŷ׭ɡ
΢һҲΪʧкöòߣ˭Ҳ˲ֻǰմԪ˵ȡ߼ŷ׭
ʯô΢ľȭͷСʯʵ
ͬнƣƷʯֵǣãǱǲʲôʱ޵أò١Ԫ˵꣬΢ҲΪԾȻ֪ʯƷһöƷʯֵöƷʯֻöһҲ˵̡
΢ףĴԪӺεǿᣬ⼸öƷʯ˵ˡ
뿪ңڽ·ϣҲֻ΢ܽ롣
ֻǸճȥ΢͸оԾԭԪڻŨ˿̾Ȼϡ˺ܶ࣬ˣ֮䣬΢Ȼܵһ˿紵ŵһɻɳζ
˿ȴǶ±һݣ˿̣ݾȻ𽥿ή
һĻԪͻȻŭ΢ҲӦⶨȻŵķֶΣ벻ȻϢĽͻ֮ƻԪˮأֱǷ˼
˴ѾǷХдŻɳͬڻһ㣬ɽϪˮҲĪľҲ𽥿ή̶ʱ侹ȻͱˣȻ¡
ȨҲǲ֪룬΢Χ˹һΡ


һ٩ ٹͼ
ȨУܽģֻдԪʦ΢ΪΨһܺʹԪʦͨˣȻΨһֵܽˡ
ɳľήϪˮúõһɽˮ֮ڼʱͳҲûˡ
΢ڵϵļⲢߣԷõʲôûп˵΢ԼžһЩΪ٣Ҳô¡
̵ҲֻдԪˡ
ֻ΢ѯ֮£ԪӳƬ̣ȻǵԷʩչȷǹܣҶƽ֮Ӧ֮Ҫɽ֮ƣѰʿܰõ飬ȻǽĳЩͬ䷨ΪٸҲûãȷ鷳ˡ
΢κȨεĿ⣬Ǵʦ֣ʲô˼
ҲûˣԪܻ˵΢һҲЩɵۣû뵽ԪӾȻûа취
⵹ǲִԪӣͶţëһЩƽˣԪΪڣеֶӦԣֱǿƳڣԪֻܶƤӣ⿿΢ˣȻЩ޼ƿʩ
ԪʱЩŵžؾʿҲֻһϣôһϸ۸ͷϣȻ൱ԼΪڣɱȥʿŭͬСɣʱɱ˾ռߣֻҪԷ̨ǿûгԼɳıôԪӾ͸ɱ֡
ڣԷⲻ֪ĴԪԪűɻأʵջѡ
ûӣ΢֪ԪбʹԪӲһ΢ľͱȽϼˣԳݣ֪ԷΪ˼ԼŲԴţֶֻԸԪ
ɼȻǶƾʲôֻܱ
νҲ΢ǣԷƲƲҪҪôȥ
뷨ʹԪһ˵ԪǴкã԰ʦţǼˣʦܰ˵̫ˣԷȻƲˣҲԸԷʩչ˭ֲסʲôأ
Ԫӵտܶ޷ʩչһЩȻŪһ󷨣ǶԷ׾ƽ⣬һʱҲǳ˼
΢ʱðһ뷨ʦ֣ˣԷǴԪɻأǾԱ֮ʩ͵ˡ
˵öԣҸպ֪һ󷨣β󷨣ȴ鷳֮ҲҪһ߶ԪӸ˵꣬΢Цʦ٣ֻһЩСͿ֪Ĳ󷨣ڹ߶ǣҪ٣ж١
Ǿͺã㡭ԪӸ΢΢ϸ֮ǽ˽Ŵرգʩչ
˿ȻգСҲܻֻҪ¶֮±ɡ
գ֮䣬֮ڵ¶ƾյ˲٣Ӹǽ˽һ̣Ѿ֪΢ֶεͿۣ¿֮ڣ߰˸ͷģǹߡ
΢й߱Ȼ΢ǣ;ȻҲˡ
˿̰ūͰ֮ǰѾһ΢֣ūѾȥ꣬ټūͷĹȻѾ
磬鶯֮飬֮Ȫ𣬴ȪС΢Ǵһ
Ҫ֪ԼľҲֻĵ󾳶ѣѾ൱ˣԼūȻţҲ鶯Сôʱ䣬ȻͻƵȪС硣
΢óԼūͷ𲢲ȹ̣ǸոͻûãˣҲǷͬСˡ
ִˣֵǽŶ̾͸ˣʲôֻܷԸʱ˵΢һҲţˣһɫĹٷѪƣ̤ڻѥʣѾǵ˹
ȷȥ죬ūΪôô죿΢к棬ڵĹǿᣬԼǲҲӦȥһ¡
뵽֣ôʱ䣬ΪҲ̫ߣ֪͹޹أȻǰū֮ͬ
ūûڣ߾͵ִˣ׹ڿ˲ãѾĵմӣ˵һʣʺڵĹ
˵꣬ūǰ΢һݣūӣӣ˴ΰūͲٻڣֻϣ̷ҡ
óūȻΪ΢ɣڰū΢ĸĶˣ΢ʩչ֮֮ٳߣѾҰһҪͬʬһεҪǻɢ֮䡣
ū˵꣬߾ɫһ䣬æ׹⡭ⲻðɣֻ˵ǳվҪȥ㲻ȥ¡
Ҫʲôǻܲţū΢ǱϹϾˣȴһ˪˿̹ȪСһţʱ⡣
˵Ķԣū㻹ȥúֻǱ׫٣Ҳûʲôã罫ΪһЩó΢һ仰ū̾ͼڰūУ˵Ļֵһᣬ΢Ļȴǲܲ
ǣūˣūҲʮִϻۣ΢򷢵˾׫ٵʱҲţʱ;²ȻǰƷѲιȴҪ׫ǿֱ̫࣬Ǳְһ˵һ˾ְгͷ֮ա΢Ȼ˵úóū΢־ԶƷ֮ϣףֻгɣܰ΢
ūȻԹȴ΢˼ˣû΢֮⡣
Щ֣΢㽫βôԪ˵Ŀ󷨵ϸһһҪģҹ֮Ǳڣ͵͵󷨣űŰ֮ء
ԪӸ΢ǿ񣬶ǹǿ΢룬ȡīһٹͼ
΢ʦޱȣī֮黭ϣͬ΢ͼ˹֮ů⣬ͼɱˣ΢Ǻ׹һԿԳΪһ
һٹͼ֮󣬾ȨΪȥǸоо¶ٿϵĹΩΩФͬһ㣬þˣƺ񺿡
֮ǿٹͼȴһϲޱȣΪǷ֣ٹͼȻԻ㼯Χ㲻󷨣ôһʱ䳤ˣҲ׵أ
öʦʦ˲ʦǰʦţֶΣǱǿˡԪʱͻȻ˵


һ٩ ׹
ʦţ΢֮Ǵһɵ̣ʦ΢ʯͷӣէһԪ˵Ȼʦţ˾ҪϸѯʣŻڣ΢˵Ҫȥһ
Ҳǰˣϵڶ࣬ûееʱ䳱ϫУǸ֮ΪգڵΪȥ˵ġԪ˵꣬΢侲²ܼһʱʱ䣬ûǸҲδػڡ
£ӦŲҪ¡
ɫȵɽ΢ϣŹߺͰūһֱ֮ضȥ
Σٶȼ죬ֻƬ̾͵ŵڡ
΢ԶҲ֮ҲǷˮأȻԪҲˣֻ̰Ĳ㣬ҪռԪɽţ˳ͻ
ڹۣ΢ȻùߺͰūȥΧ΢ѡһ֮أۣʱŪãֻҪ߶ڵһƬɽȣ̾ͻŴ󿪣Ϊ׵ء
ǵʿֶκ͵ҲƳ󷨣Ҫ֪󷨿ǴԪӴڵģԹźһˡ
ʱūǾһһأ΢֪Ѿúãֻ߶ɡ
ºԥȡٹͼմԪӽڵķͶУֶΣٹͼͬûˮУƾʧһ㡣
һ̣ΧԭϢеĸޣܾͬһķӶЩȦеҲǾֿ꣬ϵĺа
΢ۣ˿һǿԭúõɽȣƬ֮侹ȻһɷյУһѪܵĹ򿪴ţɳŰš
󷨣΢Ҳһȣ֮ǰԪ˵ɣĿȻ˿ֲ
˵һţһЩĵţҲֲ˶á
ʦ֣󷨻᲻Υͣ΢޵Ȼ֪Ĺ
޷С£㲻ʲôұ޵֮ˣմȾһЩΣ˵ֻǶûɱԽʲô͵үЩԶ߰ɣҿ죬ŵ˾ҪˡԪӴ˿ҲãԼû뵽⡰󷨡ȻǿȻ΢һٹͼá
΢һҲȻٶ룬˲ú󷨣̷ءŵУ˿ȴѾҳһš
һҹСʿԭǰ˯ͻȻһ䵽紵˲佫Ūࡣ
˭Сʿű󽣱һ䱸ҲҲжֻ֮Ǵ˴ҪԸģѰԶԸġ
Сʿ˵꣬ǰ͸ֳһɷѪģĿﻹҧŰͷĿֲӣʱСʿŵ̱ڵء
ͬ飬طݣһЩЩΪĵӣҲǱŵùǺΪǷ֣ԼĵȻЧһЩ̤ɵľĵӣҲ˵ŵû겻ᡣ
ѰǾԲʿģ˵ʿߣҲΪɱǿѪЩȴ
һȻܲһΪԪĲĹȣ֮Ҫ֪ɵģ֮ģѾܱþӰ죬ȻҲẦ¡޾ԣɵģҲħ˿ľʿҲᱻӰ졣
Ҳ˵ЩŵùĵŵʵǱĿ־ŴĻŵá
һʱ䣬ǼɹΪﵽ龳ʿֵܵЩӰ죬ڱþ壬ҪҲǾԲܣ˵ǣΪﵽСķٹȵҲһƽľ
ӰȻֻˣ˿֮£һϾֻƬ̣ŵвﶼѾȦļҲӰ죬겻ѣеֱײΧСʿǵͬ磬ʱ仹ԣʱ䳤ˣȻΪ١
Ȼٹȵ˴˿̵Ǹһɫ࣬ΪЩȻκβȴǲС
뷨ӽҪ˶ãԭǷˮأͬԴһűȻһء
ʱﶼֻ·һ
Ԫ̫ٹȵɫȻ֪ⶨȻǴԪµ飬ֻǿԼഴµĻҵۿҪһǽľزҲŭڡ
ֻˣ𶷷һõԪɻ֮أ΢Ҳֻ֮֮ˡ
ʱ򼸸еĵҲǷӶ⼸ΪҲǾ龳磬˿һŭޱȣŷٹȵ˵ţȻǴԪʹֶΣһţʲô˲ǻǣֱӴȥһﾡֻҪɱټɣҪҿɱΣֻҪأ˭֪һ˵֪Ҳûʲô˲𡣡
ɣٹȵȻҲŭȴԼ⼸ʦֶΣ֮ǿ⣬ֻΪ˽֮£Ժܶ඼ǴԣҲò˾ˡ
ɷٹȵǣһɱٶ·롣
ʱٹȵһ׿һƽʦһתǵţϵһλ٣ҲǺѣ֪ø˽֮£֮ȻǴԪѲϵλȥһ״ȻǣǾضԸҿ˵ɷϣʱΡ
ٹȵһҲ۾һͷƣһƽʦܣȥٺѣˣϺһҪɣֻҪԪûǸ΢շǾֱӴȥ˴Ԫ
ãȥ׿һƽת뿪
ٹȵ˿˿˿ţȴҧˣ̳ȣȺ򣬵ȵһƽ٣ԷƳٻ
Ҳ˵ţ΢ŰūߵһڹϻشԪմԪ˵ǹ󷨼Ϊǻ뱣סڵ֮أֻеͷһ·
ʱ򣬴ԪΧĻߵҲܽ
ֻ΢ȴţδػô䣬ҲûðūǻȥһŴҲܶ༸֣Ĳ˵ūȪΪϴóġ
ڴڵ㣬ðūǾ͵΢ΣҪȥԪΧ̽һ
ԷʩչĵȻԪӶߣ΢ҪԼܲƽ⣬ϾԪӿû
ɳ΢ɣΧȥ˵һĿһЩߡ
ڴԪΧȻŹֵĹ֣ΣԪڡ
΢֣ΧһŹֵ֣ҲԼܿʿԲ
ʱ۵ĺôֳˣ΢ϸϣ㣬Ȼ̺⣬ԲǷƷ


һ٩ ˷
¸߹ңԭ˿̴ԪȴһƬȣϾȻѾһɳХųС
ʦܣ֣Ԫʱ鴮ѯʣȻɸӦ磬Ȼû΢̺ͨĹ㡣
΢һ˵Ԫ̴ϲˣⶨȻǶԷĹؼҵĹһԷҪǴԪһƬɽ֮ƳȻҪ󣬶Ҫ󣬾ͱȻҪвķ˵㶨Ȼ󷨵ķֻҪƳԪΧǻ֮ͻɢ
һڣǴԪҲܵһ˿ŹֵϢʮɷΧڹַХɳĲľǿή
ԷķǷͬСɣȻܣϧˣҪַֻӣһǽķȡֻʦΪĨȥؾʿӳֻѡڶ֣Ǿǻ˲ķʦܣֱӶùǷڵλãֻнˣƳ󷨡ԪӼʶ㣬΢ķţ΢룬ʩչצǹڡ
΢Ϊﵽ󾳣צҲǱǰǿֻ࣬ǹצȻ˺ǹΧ
΢üͷһ壬⻹ͷһʩչצЧȻҪǷ⿿һǲеġ
΢ٹģԪ֮бĿİū۾ǷһСҲһɳֱ΢ڡ
ȻһƲⷨƣǾ˺սҾͲⷨܵס΢˵꣬ūѾǸϵߣ΢һ£ڹһʩչֶΧǷڡ
һʱ䣬ֹǰūȪСΪʩչĹҲǿޱȣά󷨵ķȻһǿҲܲסĿըƬ֮䣬ǷΧͱƣһһָСĿݹǸֳΡ
һ̣ĹַɳȻʧˣԪΧﷶΧ֮ڣԭеĻҲɢ
󷨿ŷõģά󷨵ȱһɣֻҪ֮һ󷨾ˣ΢ȥķջǿǺöԪʱһ䣬΢Ȼȡȡ
õķΪƣǱ΢ȡأҲд׭ĵĹͷͷû飬滹һ㱦⡣
öʿƵķ沢ûƵĽƣŵǸűȻΪǳⷨƵֶΣƽױʦ㰡ԪӴ˿൱⡣
Է󷨱ƣԪΣҲͽˣһ˶ԷķԶ˵ѾǴȫʤˡ
˿΢öͷĲ۹֮΢൱ĿͷϣһðͬһĺһϢȣһһ
ʣ㲻ɶõĺöͬԪ˵׬ˡ
ֻϧΪ󣬻һͷܵһ
Ĺͷʮ㣬洦ɰٺһ棬΢룬˰ū
ūԵķչȻ죬Լľô󣬶һḯʴòʧ
ǻϤĹͷ΢ԪӸ΢ıҪԵķΪʡԼȥˡ
ǻƳ֮󣬷ɳͣϪˮҲʣ΢ѯʴԪӣ費ҪʲôظԪԪǺǺһЦòţԪΧҲµľҪ˼ָܻţߣҿճʦܣ֮ǰҽķŽ󷨻ɽ֮ƣʱ򣬳ɵĿʿ˾Կ󷨵İأŲϴ죬֮ؾء
ԪӶ󷨺о΢ӴԪҲ࣬ŵ½ͶԪ̡
һֱȵڶɽǰϴ
ˣĪŵ˲ҪһˣΪλϴ⶷ˣѹƣ䣬ѵָһ棬һԪӺ֣Щ͸ŵ
΢ǿļ򵥣ֱӵ⻹ʣŲģȻֶΣָﻮʲôء
ãżֲǡԪһҲˣ뻹ǵʦܣ㻹÷ǹǽСɵ֮
ʦַģҲǰ׵ģ⼸ڴ㣬һЩͬ۹ŲͰˣˣ׼޻أСΣҾҪѹˣǣеˣǾǵġ
΢Ǹüõ٣б֡
ͷ󣬲ǰƷѲι٣ڵĴ̫ӣһٶ΢֣Ϊ˽ơ
£΢Ҳû֣ʱ˵Ϊվ̨ǲԸ⣬ͲҪˡ
Դϴεİӣ΢ĹϵѾͬѣʱ˻дӴĶˣԭİѾǱ΢ĥˣΪʻƣоԼ΢ࡣ
ֵϵ˵һˣֻΪѣΪУȻ΢ˡ
ˣˣ֪Ǹ΢վ̨ˣԻڵһϼ֡
ҲһĹڣλϼ֣ǹ굤ĹޣĹǽԷҲȻûʤ㡣
Ϊǰ΢ڴԪеʮˣһʱ¶Ȩо䡣
ν˹;΢֪̫أԾȨ˵棬ֻԼд͡΢ԹѾʴҸոյõһö޹ǵķȻҲػʴ壬Դ֮أ΢ȴ̸Ц
ִǹȻ˵һֻר΢̸ֵ˵˵ţ͵˰ūϣֿһ۶΢İū֣׹׿ԽҲĹ֮ģʺڵĹҸ׶˵մӣɾͲ
΢һֵ˼ǾԼǷһ飬Ժٳϵ飬͵öˡ
΢ҲֵˣЦ³־ӹΰ΢ġ
һ΢̬ҲǹһЦ˵ʵ΢˿ȥ۵ı٣ȻԼһǰƷȻȨϾͲ̫ࡣ΢֮ڵӰȴֶ󼰵ġ
д˵ԨܶƷة֮λ΢˴ҸÿȱҲ΢ŵλá
һ㣬΢ֵӣҪȻҲڵĸǰ΢


һ٩ عصĺ
ֿ΢ԺĹ;ȻƷ׫ô򵥣˵΢ܽףһԨһɽƷ׫ס΢
˺ҹ΢ʹԪһֱڵȵŵķҲˣֻ΢ֶⷴõҲʵ̫ˡ
ΪžȻһȥø״
΢ϢΪˡԷ״ԼΪ٣ˣѹ˽ţűء
֪ͨ΢ģǸõһλƷѲι٣ƷѲιȻ΢ͬƷ٣ȴҲ֪΢֮ڵġӰԶ΢൱
֣˶ҲʮģרŲǲѯһ£ҿǸ״֮˿϶ܸ棬Ҫ֤ݣһȴƾ޾ݣòѾ˿ˡѲιٴ˿ҲкЦǸ۵٣ȻǸһССɵŵĻ״΢
һﶨȻ֪΢˵ĹϵҲôðʧ
˵Էò֤ݣõóҲ浹΢һ㣬Ѳι֪
ڳļһҲǹЦȻЦ棬ĪΪٹ໤˵ģ
£Ҳ֪ţƶ񶷷ԪȻȥ״
ȤҵҪȥŶЩʲôɫˣͺã˭Ҳľסǲţ黹ܽģĵķʹУǻ˹ءִ˿͵΢֣ھȥתһȦæġ
˵䣬Ǹڹ굤ĹҲһȥʱ򣬸ոձŵǸٲŷ֣ﾹȻһ굤ڣһж΢Ǿη
΢Ȼ֪ҪʲôϾڸø״ŵȷܵи˵ȻҪ΢£Ȼֻǹ굤Ĺ޸֡
£˵ֻСһ׮ԼΪ٣ЩػҪصģٲܱץѱ΢һ룬΢ϣ֮ȥʡ
Բʣ΢ʵǸƿԣǸҲǵùֻ˾񲿵һ٣ƷٽףΪһʿ죬ԷҲûǶ飬һƷ׫٣ӦûʲôҪôǵ˴ôᱻ䵽˾ţǰæ
˭֪ȴͱ¨ӣŵȷ΢µĹŴ󣬿ȴûκ֤ݣƶϼ仰ͱʵƿԣй˵Ҳٸˡ
Ӳ֮΢Ҳûʹˮֻ˵һĪҪСãжʱðһа
ȻǶ΢Ƕš
ţԼҲ̯飬Ҳλִ˿û׷ܸһùˡ
Ҳ˵ºζԸţ˵΢ŵ飬Ҳٸ棬Ҳȥǹ󷨡
ԪŶϣȻ˹ء
źŶʿʿǿֵģ΢ߺͰūԲȥ״Ӵܣô򶼿ԣҲӵԼܣȥ״
żȻ˹أ鷳΢Ȼٿǹ󷨣͵ǳͽˣһ˼ҪıȡԪķˮأԼ֮ضסӦ
΢صԪ֣ԷֱӸ΢ѾΪǡ
֣лˣ΢һûʽȻô˵ˣ϶ǽˡ
ʲôڹٳҪЯģҲʮֵ⣬⽻΢΢ǷԼһĿǴﵽˣʲô£΢Ҳðæ
ˣ֣ū㻹öշһ¡΢һ£æ˵һЦģ׹ڵλͣ˿ɲ鷳Ϊմͷǰ׽еģ
˵ֱ꣬ȥ˼ɫҲֻ˭̶֪ʱ䣬һɵѾΪľɢѡ
ǲعصĺ
֮΢Ȩɽȥ֪̽ڵɽѾ˽أ󶼲ҿҲʧȥټ֪ȥӦѾԶ˴طؽɡ
£ҲǸһ䡣µӰȴǳ˲ʱ䣬Ԫ֮䶷飬Ҳü汾ǽԪ˵һ
ҲˣԪͷҲ˲٣Ҫʵǰʦѧա
£΢ͳͳȨ΢Լָֻÿձ׫ɽʣµʱڴԪӵָ֮
ȥ仨գ֮䣬һȥ
΢һ굱Уν൱͵ƽҲӼٴԪŵĵӶûмλš
Ȼ΢¹Ԫֻ֮ǰʮĵ֪һŲ֪ԣԪµҲ֪΢ǴԪţǵġʦ桱
λʦɵΪȴǲǿ⣬һʱ䣬Ȼûģ΢ĹΪȴͻͽһʱ䣬ΪѾȪ󾳣Ƶֻһš
ԹΪ΢Ѿһˡ
ڴԪɽһլԺ֮ڣ΢ڷǰϢϴ鴮Ԫӵ𣺡ʦܣĵղײգ죬ģʽ̤ɵɡ
һʱԪӶ΢νڣʵϣ΢ʼľĸǰͿ޳ˣǣԪȴ΢Ƴ̤ɵӣʱ΢
;ֻ޾粻޵㲻һʿʦʦԪˣҴʦͽҲ˼ҰӣѧҲԳһɣУ׾ǰԵ׾һҪѧᡣֻϧʦҸԵǳֻ˶ʦ֮꣬ʦ֪٣ѰֻԼŴԪлʦȻʦָ˼ҿĸͷԪЩû䣬΢Ҳʮ֣뵽ܴԪֻʣȻǲй֮ģԼ֮ҲϺ
ʦַģҲҪ̫ʧ䣬ʿ̫ˣзùĴ̽ѰңȻн΢ʱοһ䣬һദ΢ʹԪӲǽĸ顣
΢˵ԪʦѣุȻǲ봿Ԫʧ䡣
ëͷСӣʦֻõοˣҲһ̥һʱ̤ľһѾǲˣ㵹ãȻҪģһʮɰգҪЩڴνŵ֪޵ݣʦҵ꣬ʱ⣬ģҲһɫĶѣ⣬һʧܡһ£ˣôˡԪʱͻȻʲôæʦܣʦ˵ķͬСɣܻ׽ټ


һ٩ 
΢һ׽١֣һʦ֣ҵСŻң׽٣ǶɷٵʱŻеôɹˣˣɲľṳ̂룬ӵ׽٣
ԪһǺǺһЦҲֻʦô䣬ʦ޵꣬˵ʵû˭ģһжǵ;˵ʦôһ䣬룬޵ķʸνвޣģҪ޵֮ˣԭ£һߴٲĻ̫죬ԲŻ׽֮˵ģͻʱʦµķӦÿɱ
Ԫ˵ķ΢֮ȡһƴСơ
ǴԪƵһ֮ãҲ΢ΨһõһȡԴԪҵķ
ⷨ壬Ҳʲô⣬㻹һԵ޹ǣòŵˡԪԼղһӰ΢ĵģԼæԲȣǹ֮У΢ҲһůЦȻзǾûʲôˣңûз΢Ҳ£ȻһôģȻǲ£ܳɹ覷΢ֺξ֮У
˿΢ƱҪģһǰѾɵʿˣ̵֮ڣΪġ
ڵ΢ѾʮİգȻ¾߱ͻƱǣٵˡ
΢뵽ľĿ䣬׳źķ׭ԼΧһ󡱡
ŴԪһʱ΢ѧϰ˲ٵı£յĵ󷨣һЩʿյĻҪࡣͬ⡰󡱣ʿͻƾʱʹõһ󷨣÷׭󣬿ɸ磬ţԵֵʿȫһ
ԪһҲ鴮ͷʿûһ΢ȡ
һ̣΢ʱǲһɿֲȻǽԲʮﷶΧڵȻ㼯
ԪУŵĵӴ˿̶һ㶣м²鿴һΪǷ֣ΧȻǲܿƵıߡ
Īؾʿһʧ˵ʱȨҲĵ֮ڱһ춯æ鿴Ӧķ֮ȴǻȻֻµӼشСԼһԾʩչֶԪɽڡ
΢СԺ֮⣬˿Ѿǵ⣬֮⣬ȻɽĹҲ
΢ƾٵ棬йһҲǻ˹һ顣ʱ䣬ıסڴԪ߸춯ıˡ
ĺڣȨһȨҲǻ¶ѯ֮ɫ˶Ҳûжʣǵſڡ
óҲ֪ô£ҲûŽȥѯʣȴ֪΢ƢеʱǺɫеʱȴҲ˵һ
αչ΢ֻһ仰Ǿ˽ȥ˭׼ȥ۷ʲô¡
Ȼк棬˶ûҪȥĴ㣬Ѿݽתǲҽȥ
ȨϾΪҪһЩʶ㣬˿̵޷ҿʦҪͻΪˡ
ͻΪô˵үҪͻƹƵˣʱʶ˵ܿͷӦյͷ͵ĹҲʱ
ɵ磡ʱ˼˵
ȨһҲǵͷȷȷͻɵʱֻЩˣǱ˭΢ɵľṳ̂룬ҪͻƣҲֻǸողľ
ľ˿ŵ
Ҫ޵ģȻıϾǴĵӣ뵽ʲô¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ˣȨһţġһɫ֣֮ҿʦҪıȻһɫġ
ûҲôΪĵ˵ͷɽУҲ׿Խĵ޳һɫģ˵ҲǿԽܱƺƴ󣬶һ޳ɣʵͨľʿܱȼ磬Ҳ죬Ҫ˵Ҳ޳һɫģŵġ
˵꣬ŻȻ΢ܾҪһɫġ
ȻҲûģֻͷһͱԼˣʵΪûм޳ĵʿɽûһѯʹʦʱʦĬã˵һ仰
ɵǴ˵ɼҲ
һ仰˵ɵļѣڹĿǸǲʵֵ飬ԲŻ붼롣
ֻùĵ֪΢˿̾ģʼ̤ɵĵһ֪ǻθ롣
˵΢˿̰ľĿھѾǼ죬׾͵˶㣬ϣͿģʽ̤ɵ
һΣ΢ûϢģֱǰ
ǧٴεԣ΢ĵÿһ趼ָƣƵ¯࣬΢ӵУͬӨˮΣ峺
ʱ΢һΧۼŨֱȫһգ֮ڣС
˲䣬΢ëϣһھƳһںĶǳ統еĶأˣ΢һ졣
̽ϴļ̤;ϴѰʿ˿Ѿǿչ΢ȴǽڶһΣ΢׼öʯͬľռһͬ΢ڡ
ɲ֮䣬öʯͱɫҰһգһŷĩ
ǵڶϴ΢ȻӿһڵУһʱСԺ֮ͬɾһ΢ë׵Σٴϴ
΢׼ʱͻȻ֮䣬ͷӿ΢һ̧ͷһʱ׽ٰɣ
˿̴ԪͷȻǲ֪ʱһƬƣӿ֮ڲ֮ǰǷ
Ⱥ΢ȨĸҲһһʱ䶢ͷĿɿڴ
⡭ƣôᣬĪǣڶɽ٣ĲɽȴŵĵӣҼΪɽǰ˶ɷ٣ʱɽͷڵҲǼ¡
˿̼ͷƣǻ
мʶ˾ôˣ˵ɣȨϵʿҲ˵еơ
ƣȻǿޱȣ̺֮һΪȻǵֵסˣֲõ˵׽纣˰ܹ׽٣ܳƵɰȨһϸ͸߷־ɫΡ
ⲻǷ׽٣Ȼ񣬵ҪСܶ࣡ʱ˵аȻǿᣬԼǰɽȴ֮׽٣Ϊﵽؾʿпܶɹ
˵΢˿̿ͷӿ֪ҲȴԪѣۿ춯˦ֽԴԪӵǸ˦˳ȥ


һһʮ ׽
ͷǧƶǧʿĵ
޵֮ˣµı׽٣֮
˿̴Ԫ֮ƵУͻȻһ׹£˲ҫΧɽ֮е޶ŵĹڳѨɪɪܻҲһԪڣڶҲǱһŵûһƨ̱ڵءЩѾ޳ɵľĵӣЩڵϡ
׽֮ɼһߡ
ȨɵСΪ׹֮ҲǻӲã԰ٷְȷһ䵽ԼͷϣԼɡ
Ϊһ׵Ŀ꣬΢˿ȴҪݵö࣬ȻҲϾ׼Ƹж֮ǰ΢Ѿ˦ⷨӵ¡
ͬʱ׹£ֱǷϡ΢ΪⷨǴԪƵģ˵ֵһףҲӦܼһ˭룬ֻƬ̣һƣըƬ
СģԪӴ˿̾һ΢ȴѾشΪһ׾ͻ΢µġ󡱣΢ϡ
΢öԵ޹Ƿһ˲䣬޹Ƿһ⣬ĥֵһ׽٣΢̾ͻᱻһ
鼱֮£΢һ˲Ŀյľǰһ̣޹ǷҲһѳΣ׹ֱӺľϡ
΢ֻоԼǱʲôײһϴŵһֱӱԺΧҲ˲һƬǽ壬ԱһСҲǱĽڣȼ
΢ϴŵ鴮һ챦ȻܻԪǲ꣬һҲû𻵣ȻԪҲľҲǺ
ԪӴ˿Ҳ΢׽ٹһʱ鿴˿΢ûϲ£׽֮£ǳɹ
˿΢ȻӺܲң޴ƣϵȴǺ֮ǰȻͬ
ͬһ΢֮ǰԭϣδḥ̂ڣ·վտĽ˵һ㡣
覡ģԪӼԸܵ΢ǿϢľ統ǿһû֮һ
˵ľԪӸҶ϶ɵΪ˵Ȩֻ̤ɵ󾳵ʿҲѾ΢ĵ֡
ȻģȻ֮ǿԪ̾һ֪΢˿̶ɹĵĵһ׽٣ʽ̤ɵģҪ֮ǰḶ́Ҳ΢ֻǰĵȴ
ԪӿЩżģ΢˵˵ɵľ磬кβͬ
˵Ԫӣ˸ǽ
֮ǰһֱ뵽΢סԺӵУǲŷӦһǳ΢ġ
˿Ǳ˭ż뵽΢չ֮ǰķԸȻǲŶ롣
׽٣ô׽٣ֵʲôΪλ׽٣Ҳǰ˼⣬ҲʶޣʦˣͿԿ׽ɵеġ
ɵ־žġ顢ء顢Ŀԡ
ͨɵʿֻеһ磬ͻʱŻᴥ׽٣޾ԣǡɵôڵһ磬ľʱͻᴥ׽٣֮󻹻׽٣׽١
ƽʿҪྭ׽٣ΪˣĲǰ
˵ȡȨɵһһżҲûŶ룬Ȩʱ򲻵ò뿪һ£ΪڴԪѾΪղһ׽ٶը˹
еʿһӶ뾭һ׽٣ǿűʿɽ٣ҲܴлǳһΣΪһףԪвٵھ֮ҲǴջ񣬶ɵ֪һ㡣
мʲĵӣ¾ϥڵأʼ
󲿷ֵӶЩ궯ȨʱϹơ
СԺ֮ڣ΢ϥʱ۾Ӹոն׽ٵĸ˹
̾һ΢˵ĵһ仰ǣǳ
һ׽٣΢࣬ѾǻʵСʿ޳ɵģһġ
޳ģ̤ɵĵһ
ı仯΢оԼǰܶ飬ǿԭΪֵһЩҲǳʧ
΢Ȼ֪ײ˴ˡ統Уܳһĵʿʿϣɵŵĺĵӡ
ΪɵͬͨɵľҲᾭһ׽٣ֻЩŵĺĵӣʦűӻܶȹһ׽٣ˣʣҲѶȹһ׽١
΢ȴһһɵͬʱҹΪѾȪ󾳣΢дԪӸķ׽ٵľһ׽ٰ˳ɵתľУˣղ΢Ǳľ档
Ҫ֪һЩڴŵУɵҲпһ׽ٵ
ɵ֮Ҳһԭ
һ΢ײ֮¹ˣոҲǸӦ׽֮򣬶ԴԪӽġ׾˸ʶ
ʦܣоôԪӼ΢ϣҲǼæʵ
õĲˣ΢һЦӵģҲǵóԸһ̣ͷԺѾȲҪŶĸˡ
΢һšϵණͻҳһɨȡһµĵ۴ϣſŶ
΢һ㶣漴ֱȥϸ´첲ȣ΢ʲô¡Ҳʮˣһǰǳ󷽣΢ԼΨһˡ
үû£ˣ΢˵꣬ˣһǸǸ֮ǰû뵽ô󶯾ûŴҰɣ
һЦȻ˵ʲôȨҲһȾҪںܶ࣬һЦ⻹ûţ˵֣㾿ʲôȻ׽ٶˣ
Լ޳£΢һǴԪӸ΢һСĽҵ͵ˡȻǿϾֻľԼδᣬ籩¶ûʲôô
˵ǰ⼸˶ԼŵùˣѱϢй¶ȥ΢˵ǡ
֣㻹¶ˣҸոɵ׾´Σһע⣬΢һ
׾ȥͦôµģû֮⣬Ȩ͹ȴǲŵġ
ȨǰʦԨʩչ׾ƺ͸ղŵľ׺ܲһѹŸղʿʩչĵΪʿʩչ׾ܴ
Ȼ΢ô˵һǲ¶࣬Ȩ͹ȶɵҲǵͷͣȻĸʲôƵģȴһûʡ
΢ºŪȥ֮󣬱Լʽ̤ɵС


һһʮһ Ԫ

ҲнɣȴҪɵĶ࣬Ϊף΢ɵСרһɽ̳ϺõŮ죬Ҳ³Ʊ˼̺òˡ
¼˾ɽʯΪʣɽƷơ
΢һʱʱ䶼飬Ͼʱ⣬ڳĶѣҲǺȵĳ졣
ֻҪ䣬ȴǵСģƫƫڳɹģϳɵȨ΢ʮꡣ
һʱɺ͹Ҳǻķˮ𣬹Բ˵дŵıɣҲԶǵǸСˣУЩСҲýһү
̸һ΢Ҳ֡
ɵС޳֮΢ԼͨҲǿǿԿೣѼ˿̣ǿԿһֶصĶ
һââÿһ϶УɡġȨУǿͬ͹ĵâֳɾҪһ㣬Ȩġ΢۲࣬ͻȻ
һâĪǴıԪ
ԪԽ࣬âԽǿ֮ԽȨȻԪ٣ɵϼԪȻڣȨΪ޴Ҳܻһʮϡ
΢Ҳʿ޵۳عȻһԭ򣬵ԭҲΪܳϡ
ʿһ
΢ʱͷһԼϵ鴮ȴͻȻһΪԼȻԿ鴮Ҳһ˿â
鴮ǷҲԪģʣһ˿Ԫ϶ڴԪӡ
΢ȴóһ˿ԪâѾǿҪɢ룬΢һʱоȵľҲûζȵ㷹΢ȥŻصСԺеһʱѯʴԪӡ
ʦ֣鴮еǲǿҪɢˣ΢żʵҲֱһЩ
ԪӲ֪΢ɵ޳ĺԿԪ⣬Ǿ֪
Ȼˣ΢ͻȻоһˣƽʹԪЦŭһʱѾǽԪӵɽԨǰˣҲǴԪӴãڵҲǺޱ΢˱˭ã˭á
ͻȻ֪Ԫһ˿Ҫɢ΢õ˲Ź֡
΢ܿʲôæʦ֣ʿĴΪҲԪ
ȻУд٣٣ҲһܲǱɽɻҪԪӹһЦƺ˿֮·ϣʿ޵ɵǹĿģΪҲ»ɢɣҲϲһ㣬ʦҪףҲ̫ԭǰѾӦ䣬ֻǻԵɺ²űһ˿ˣ£ʦ㴫ҵĵ׳ԪʦѾ˵ˡңʦһ˿ٻܳŸһأòġ
΢ҲʿȻ״Ԫӻ˼ֻͻȻϢһʱԽܣ룬΢ƽзΣҲٵֶΣҲһʦ֣֮
ǿԣûУֻܲɢ޷Ԫ˵꣬ƺʲôʵˣʦܣ㻹û˵ôܿʦɢ֮£Ҫ֪ĿʿҲĪͨ
΢ͷԪ̱ʦܣĪ߱ˣսթ֮˶ţë¶Ҫһۣ꣬ʦֱǻƽԪĵ
һ㴿Ԫô˵΢⣬ŪĴԪӶϰˣ뽲£΢ÿζһΣ΢ûдôԪ㶣һʱ䲻֪ôˡ
ãŪҶὲˣʦܣһЩ£ҲաԪӹһЦ΢ȴôҲ벻ԪӾȻҪ׼һʱĳദ󣬴ڵԼԼһĹУ΢ֻؿڶµûţƫƫʲôˡ
Ԫ˵ûʿ޳ͷɽԪĸûˣȻֻеȴĥһ·
˭ûӰ΢سɣҲһ޲ߡ
΢ԽԽ꣬ҲһĶν⣬ô룬벻ӣǼ꣬ԭȹΪ˿̾ȻͻȻɢ֮ƣԪӼ״Ǵһ֪΢ǱͷţǼ⣬Ҳ΢ˣΪԼŻмΪο΢
ô֮һȣ΢ֱ״̬»ѡ΢ȻعҲųһ亹ոո޳ģղžȻǲһ߻ħЩǰ
ʦܣԺвˣסʦԸһǴе׳鹣¶Ҫϣԣɲи̣ʦֵݺ磬Ҳֱ֮鴮꣬ģʲô¶ÿвΪңԻٵУԪӴ˿ѵ⣬˵΢ԪӵڣԪͷһĺ΢˵
΢Ҳ벻ˣظûҲ֪ЩΪԵ˵ͷ΢Ѿ㣬ڴԪʱҪܵĸ洿Ԫϰ
Ԫ޵꣬յĶǶ̶һѧģ΢ѾôԪӴκź뿪Ѿ¶ģʱ䣬ƵһĲ£רĸŴԪѧϰ
ʹԪһ˵ԪҲͬʦܣ˵ûʦֳŲ˶ˣһ£㵽ҲֻѧɣҪץʱˡ
˵ڶգ΢ȨԪһ˶ãɺ͹Ľһ
飬΢ֻȥԨԨǸƷةֻȥ˾´̸һλ߱΢һ١
ҲΪ˾ƽʱûʲô²ˣǸõĲ£ǾˡԨȨҲܴ˾ҲҲӡ
ɽı׫΢Ҳʱ£ΪԪӵĽ飬ûѡڴԪڱչأ͵͵һ˴鴮
һߣһꡣһʱ䵱У΢¶ޣ󲿷ʱ䶼ںʹԪеʱһһʱ䣬ǼʶٵŸˡ֮ѡǶɽбչأҲǴԪӸ΢ҲһУνʶ㣬ľҲҪġ
鴮ϣԪӵһԪ⣬ҲѾɼɴԪȴ˿ûм־ɫ̸Цڣ΢ѾԪһѧĳ峿΢붨ԪӣһΣûκλӦ
鴮ԭı⣬ҲɢΣ˿̵鴮ͬһ΢ȴǽ鴮䱦
ʦ֣ˣ΢鴮֪ԪӼ֮ʱԭԽһЩԪûС
΢֪ΪʲôΪԪ˵˵Ķ˵ˣѾ޺Ц̸߱ˣ˵벻˵ʲô
ã΢ų̾һһΣûйֱˣҲΪ΢̫һЩһ΢Ҳδ
΢Ѿ֪Ԫɢ֮΢ڱ԰ӰΪ΢ɽһ鳾ѣܸᶨģɢ֮ղţǼ⡣
زʣΪۻɳΪΪʿͨݺأ˽ԵϣԣҲˣˣ΢쳤ХƮȻȥ


һһʮ 
ɽڡ
칭ϣ¶֮ɫ
꣬ץһᣬƷ٣𿴾ƷͰƷֻһλȴر
˵ڿɽ֮ڣĵƷٵĶָ
֮⣬ȻɵΪͣǰΪȴͻͽҲΪõһλԵ
׵֮һĻ꺣ڣ칭ȻǷһ޴µĹ
֪λ꺣Ư˶꣬칭ʱ򣬴Ѿһ
ǹ»ҰٺľɢɵģҪһɼǵԼǧĻ۲ſγɡ
Ҳ˵һҹλ꺣ѾƯǰ֮á칭Ҳײ˴ˣȻҵһƿҩһһ
ҩǹҩֻһ칭֮󣬲֪ⵤҩǿΪġ񵤡
µҩΪֱһ粻˵ܳϴӴ˹绢һ㡣ʣ칭һʱͽҩ£һʧѾõĹ칭ҲǿʼǷ˲á
һ𡮹ħɻ񡯡
ͷǵ̶ɣȻ󱻹޴ܼӳ˹һֱɷ֣ɶԷǣɵʿǹʿмܡ
ĻԵ칭ȻǵޱȣҲΪΪڶ̶ʱȪ󾳣лƷ١
ɵΪȴǿԴչͼлɹɣҵҪ˭С칭칭ԴϴڿɽڵλһǧɣǰƽӵΧˣȥܵնֵ
ڣˣȪ󾳣ѾǱԭɵΪҪǿᣬԹͼټз˶칭ɵʿҲܴʤ
ͬǰգ칭һյĶͷ
Էڴϴ칭٣ʧȥŵӵʸ񣬶ԷǳһΣ칭ֱǰƣȻϽԷһлܣ
ȻΪƷ칭ȴһӰǾ΢
ʱ䣬뵽΢ͷνԷڽ칭һֱڰйע΢Ķ֪΢ʧһ꣬ҲЩɣŶԷȥʲô죬õϢ΢ص˶
칭һʱȥ̽һ£֪΢ΪȪ֮ҲǴ󶨣ǰĹΪ΢ܶ࣬Ѿ޼ȵԼһ칭оԼڹΪѹ΢
ټõǼ΢ʤ㡣
΢΢ôң칭ɵ֮·Ƕһ벻ɣ칭ΪѾҪ㣬Űɣһ꣬ұɽ֤꣬ҵĹ
˿ڶ˾΢׫ġɽΪԪӵԵʣ΢Ƴһʱ䣬һ΢࣬Ҳ˺ܶļʶϼеĶд˵ͬˮһ㡣
ڵĽȣ꣬һ꣬ʮ˾ʮġɽͿԱ׫ɡ
뿪һ΢Ҳʮ꣬ʮˣڱᣬΪ˴ѾǼΪϵȥԨȥݷ򣬼ȻҪɳչͼͷûǲеġ
΢ڱ׫ȴȥһǹߡɺ͹
˶΢һǰȻʲôҪ¡
΢ԼӣȻֲһѯ
һδΪ˲٣ǹȣΪȻѾ󾳡΢Ȼһʱ䶼ûΪңңȡ
ǹϵĪ棬Ҷ΢Ϊ˵ҲĨǣֱʵ֣ϵһ칭ļһ
΢Ƭ̣칭˭˵ͷЩڣôˣ
ִˣ칭Ҳոһ󹦣˰Ʒ٣Ҳ֪һʲôˣΪͻͽ˵ѾȪˡ˵칭йڣԼרִ˵һ£ҪСĶԴʱæһĹС
ԭ£֪ˣ΢ֵȴǼΪȻƺںһһҲ֪΢Ȼ㣬ҲûжϹǵҲ˺ܶ࣬ȻôС
ȵ뿪΢ʱ䣬ΪܲȪ󾳣칭϶ȷǲܲ
˵꣬΢д飬ԨȻʤ̾΢ľȣɽǰҲκξʧ롣
ʱ󣬰˸֮ĳһ죬΢˾Уɽһдꡣ
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һ˲䣬΢ͷͬжһӣһѾɲᣬ΢ҪߵġɽϣͻȻһ⣬ֱʡ
΢ʱǱһͬʱڶؾ֮ڣ޴ĵؾʯҲʣӡŵǧֵУһͻȻâʢֻǺɲɣصؾٸպ֮󣬵ؾϵҲʧ١
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Īǣдһ飬˷΢֪һֻзŻб⣬뵽΢д󶨣˵Լ׫һɽȷǲ
Ǻ£
΢˿һɽдˡʱ䣬΢Ϊдһ飬ǰǰ󻨷˽ӽʱ䣬νŻѪĵ鼮ǲ˵˾Լ˾飬Ѿ΢ˣˣ΢ɽԨȥüա
ڶоգ΢ĿǰȪ󾳵ΪҲһˣ̣ǰ鶯ʱ򣬾΢ȥҲܡ
ɽΪֲǹ֮㼯˺ܶԪصļ΢Լһ֪飬ˡɽ鼮Զյˡ
ΪһɽѾӡ
д֮΢Ҳһ׮ԸҪǣ΢Ҫ⡶ɽΪԺԼĵ··
һɽӦÿҹһǵõؾ¼νؾ΢Ȼдһ飬΢Ҫģǽ齻ȥ
ôȴһѧʡ
΢ͨ˾ϴȴΪȻҪ˾´ˣ΢ŲԷʵһݹ̫ˣԷʲô˼
΢ҲԼĴ㣬ǾֱӰݷ򣬽ɽ


һһʮ ֽ׵

ԪԪ΢ϥɶͨͨģѾǴԪġԪһԴ޳ģ΢͵һĹⴿԪһպÿɵľһֱ
ɵȷǲǳ΢̤ĵڣɵΪѾǴﵽ󾳣ٶȣѾ˿ʮȨ
Ҫ֪ȨҲ¸ողɵ󾳡
Ҳ΢޵ĿģԶȨᲢ۵ģٶȱҪϺܶ࣬ټ΢ľȻͻͽ
մԪһĹҪ⣬ҪһܳƵϴԪһ΢ɵϳˣľȻǲԹʲôޣֻҪɵΪʱֻҪܵõءĹء
ؾͺĺܲһˣԪ˵޳ĵȻ٣ҲУҪ޳صģ֮٣û˵
΢˵ңﻹһź͡ءйϵĲͼƬܳͼҵؾڡ
΢⼸ҲĵѰңȴһ
Ϊϣɵǹ΢࣬;ϣ΢֮ǰոȥݷùֻϧڶ΢ͽдõġɽԨУٽȻ΢;Ҫֻܵȵһɹġɽ
£΢ǲ
ӱͳȣҺʹԪһһʱǽһЩ覴öƽˡ
ɽһ飬΢ȷԼƾһ룬ٽȻˣҲͲһʱһֺη
ڴ˿̣΢нŲǳһһԭץľǻһ⣬΢С
ͨ΢ϴڵԺغӰѧģʱǺӰ˵΢Եһľϣ΢öǴ΢һͨھοھɽľΪʱɼɽСΣ
ֻھ΢ɵΪﵽ磬ǹΪﵽȪʩչ΢ĹΪѾȪ󾳵۷壬ʱпͻƵƵȻͽľ
ȵ΢ľɣһȨŴ΢ǹһ
ʦ棡
Դ΢ϴȨͷ΢˲Сı仯ǰ΢ֻǴڱϵľ⣬һЩΣϾ΢̫ࡣڣȨ΢ȴڶĹ
˵Ϊݣ˵ɵΪ΢ҲѾǱǿ̫࣬Ȼɵ󾳵ʿ֮ǰȨ΢дһµȨһ
޵ʮ꣬Ȼ΢жס
Ϊ΢ǰҲ˿ûгֵĻᣬڵϣ΢ѾȨ˦˶Զһ̫䡱Ȩеĳ˰裬˵ʱȨΪõûʩչͷ·һɽѹһá
䡱һ㲻øĵ΢ȴʮ㣬ʩֿ׼һ䣬ȨֵĻᶼûС
ȨҲ֪֪֮΢ʱģУһоͿԽԼܡ
ʵΪ΢ڵʵԼȨһʦеķڷ
£΢̧ͷһ£ʱ䣬϶һ£ȨǲԼȻˣһʲô¡
Ȩæող֪Ӻδһֻֽףڴ֮⣬ֽ׻˵˵Ҫˡ
ֽף΢㶣ͻȻ뵽һȥȨǸں档
棬ΧѾǾۼ˲ٴԪĵӡԪҲԶǰַƮҡᱻ۸ϵɣҲһĵˡµһʮˣҲһЩϼ֮ɵľʿѾжʮˣɵ龳ģҲˣΧŵУҲһ
Ȩ΢Ԫĵ΢š
΢¶棬֮ǰһ꣬ԸոŵһЩӲϵ΢ͬŵӣٴҲ֪ȥĲӣŵ۵꣬ǴԪţ΢
үһӰһԾϣ䵽΢ߣ¶ȹĽС磬
ˣҪˣ΢Ц˵һ䣬ʶͷҲǲɵСԶɵΪôȤΪļ죬ǴԪڳȨ˶ĵ֡
ʱ΢ҲڿУһֽڿС
΢һͿֽǱ˼ӳ˵ֽ̺һ⣬ֽһ˫۾ƺһ㣬˿̿΢
Ȼֽ׵΢ʱ˵Ҫ˵ʶڴԪڣûܼ΢Ȩ޵ʮ꣬ȴû΢ʶ㡣
ֽ׵ҲʱԪӸ΢ģͳĵ뺯ֻеشʱ򣬲Ż֡
Ҫųֽ׵ٶɵؾʿ
ʱֽͻȻڵǴԪţ
ǣ΢ͦأֽ׵
ҷش֮봿Ԫ³εŴᣬڴˣȡƫƫһֽףȴ˾治ѡ
΢óֽһпԼͼ档
ԼȥȡǾȡȡ֮˵ȡˣȻʸμνĵŴᣬȡǿ϶ȥˡ
Ҳǵ޵ĿֶΣһ˵Ϊͨôһֽ׶ӦҲȥˡ
ˣֽЩŹ֣ղżλʦֵܶԹ۵ṦԴֱͬһһЩⶫûáʱһԪĵǰ
΢ȻѾԹͷ˿ȨԷЩ֮ɫʣȨҲԹȴǶֽûа취
Ҳ˵ԼԸֽףǴԪѹûвμӵʸ
뵽΢ҲЦЦֽ׭ּӳ˷Ѱʿȷû취û취΢Ҳû취
Ҳ΢ʲôֻһץֽ׾ȻǼΪɵ䵽΢֮ϡ
⡭ô£ԪڶӣȨɵˣ֮ǰֶΰٳûһֽа취ṦץȡֽұõȴҲ̫ǿĵ½ֽ٣ֽЧðҲһУôֻ赭дһֽ̽׾Զ˹


һһʮ ǰ
Īǣ֪ˣԲ𣿡вðһʣ΢һǵı֪Щһʲô
˵ٴˣϰֻκεܵģͬĶ֣ʹõĵҲһֽ׵ĵϸûŪóȻʩչֶΣôЧ΢һѵһ䣬°ȨڵĴԪӶŵĵͷ
΢Ѿһŵϡ
ˣұչһգúòʩĺ塣΢˵꣬һ˦䣬ת˻ȥ
ʱ΢ͷһԼҲǳҲȥ
ȥȥֲûȥˣҲ֪΢ʱΪţҲ¹ʣԼҲȥ˿˵Ҳһ
ص΢ֽ׷ڵϣȻ𿪡
ֽףǱһֽɵģȻԾǧﵽȴû˿
ǽɺ״ֵԸĽĵѣֻҪֽõʲô飬ӦĿط佫ƣ̫ˣ΢ոͨۿֽ׵ĵϸÿطһеֽ֣׿ơ
ţëҲ΢ҲΪ֮ǰŴԪӺúѧ꣬нɾͣǶԵúһЩŴڵŵմӶȲ΢
ֽױһ뺯дٰ֮һŴᣬ֮ڶǰ
ȻеĵŶʸȥԪǿôһʸ⻹Ϊܶ˶ΪԨţΪһӵʿţǿʸԲμһᡣ
΢˵ѡȥ߲ȥ
΢ӣǲ̫ȥֵģתһ룬ǾȥһˡԪһԸǽĴԪ׳Ȼ¶͵ȥμӡ
ڡɽѾǱ׫ϣ΢Ҳʱ䡣
ȻˣȻҪһЩ׼Ǵ˭ȥҪԼߵģҲɵʿ鷳ҲӦѾƵһˡ
Ȩ಻һɷǣʦ緶ΪҲУɵ󾳣ȥҲܳ档ɴԪҲˣֻǽ򳡣ȥ΢ҲֻܴһͨӸ档
ԪҲмƷԺʲҲĵӣȥ͵ˡһѡ񣬵йƽԼйҪæĶ࣬ǲܴߵģ΢Ҳѡ
£΢ȨȴԪм˵Լ׼Ԫǰ˶ɫ
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үһôȥͻȻڵ⼸϶ڴԪʹˣϴ΢ڴԪ¿Թ΢ܾá
ģһȥ΢˵꣬һ֮ɫһߣȨҲЩԾԾԣϵʿҲȥ΢ֱӴĻ룺ȨڴԪ֮⣬ֻܳ棬Ҳͬʱ뿪Ԫһɵ󾳵ʿûУһжͷ鷳涼סɽ⣬ȣ˸һǰ˳
˵Ȩһʧ֮ɫʿ¶ϲ֮ɫæǰ΢
ǣ֮
ʿ΢˵ĻȣлѾʮͣǴԪƵӣɵĴ󾳵Ϊһڽɵ龳ǰŵµӣɾλµӣȴԪõһ
̶һʱ䣬̤ɵСϸ£ո̤Ĵ󾳡
ٶȣѾǱȨǿ̫࣬ԱȼһЩɵŵľӢӣٶȣʱ䣬Ȩϵ͵ñԽˡ
΢Ҳǽȵ˽ӰȻȨȵӣ˵ʵȴ΢ָȴ޼ȵͱ΢Ҫ󼸸¡
Ϊβ΢ΪӣȴΪ΢ı⣬΢ӣȨøߵͷ
ȻŵĵӶ֪΢ıֻ֣еʮһ֪뵽΢úЦʱԪΪ´Ԫһ̯Ҳɷѿģʦͽ¶뵽뵽Ԫӣ΢Ҳ̾Ϣһ
ѡôˣ˴ǰҪһ£ºٰ죬ҵ˼Ǹ粻վͳ·һЩţν鲻·޵֮˸ú쳾ϴġ΢˵һŵƣڴԪо˵һĴڡ
ȻôˣǱ˿ɸġ
ŵȨ˶ǹ
ҹ֮΢ϣμԨ˾´ˡ
ԨȻ΢Ĵ󵨵ȥϾԪķչ΢Ҳд洦ģЩɳ߳ƵĴɹ٣ĸǳڴţֻĳŵƽ
˾ǱҲûʲô⣬ûʲôҲ£΢һӡλ´Ҳ֪΢̨ܴ󣬺͸õĸةԨǰݰֵܣƷ׽Ī棬Ҫλ˾ٴȻ΢Ϲ٣ȴǲҵ΢
飬ô˳˵ڶ峿΢Լȣһˣ뿪Ԫȥ
Ϊȫ·ҹ̣һһҹ߸˰Ҳûκ⣬΢ɵ󾳵Ϊʩչȫ·գһձɵﾩֻ΢żһ·̣ȴʱ䣬Ȼ·ţ̬
еһޣ˳⣬ŴԪĵۣɳͳ֮˽ʮԵΪ𣬶ԵʿȻʮ硣ʿ˼ңɡʳɣ֪ʿĵλǺεȳߡ
׳԰ס£΢Ǹɲģס֮󣬷ԸȽһͭǮǵһԴӷޡ
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ɽҰ˼Ҳʿĵλ£޵Ϊף֮û֮ˣŻѡ鿼ȡķˣڵײͷĹһԪ
ɽò˼үȻߣԷޣ˼кӵģҲ˹΢ˡ
ȻЩУǽʮ꣬ϳصĻˡˡ棬ŪûЩ֣̿˲ϲ΢С¡
޷Ҹһȥ΢Ż˵һһ߳ӡ
ԺǶԷ޺ǵĶӣСӻͷԣʮ׳ʵ


һһʮ пղ̤ʵ

ʣ˵֮³֮⣬û˭ܱȵù΢Ͼ΢ֻͨҪһ۾Ϳɿʡ
Է޵ĺӣȴûʣ˵ЩЩĵţڵĴԪҲյġ
ʺ޵΢ʵʵ˵ǶԷȻˣҲ΢Ů˸ǳ΢СʿĪҪ˵ҳô˵
ȻҪĿ
ʱһ΢ǰĸд󣬵һλҴԪˣ񣡡
ǶԷһҲĿɿڴ˭뵽⿴ȥͨͨɣȻһš̷ӦȻԷô˵ԼûлΪʿһľɥ
΢Է˲ԱЦֱ˵Ӳʺ޵û˵޵֮²޾ԣûҲһ˭ܶ϶ɾͣȴҪЩҪ̫࣬סһ仰ʲ㣬֮ܲ
΢ȻͲ󣬵̸´ϣһԷһǽһ˿𣬶ǵĶҲ΢˵ʲô˫۷Ź⣬͸һ˿ִֺͼᶨ
ӲǷˮأҲŨˣȻʺ޵֮٣Ҳмʲģ΢֪ǴԪڣԸ⣬ǰȥ봿Ԫأδ˻ȥ
ϢһҹڶոǶԷ򸾣΢Ǽ·һֱ˶ʮ죬ſ⣬һ·̱ɵ
ʱ΢ͻУ̧ͷһͷ֮ʮɸߵĵطʮӰӶ磬ȻһʿշС
ʿеֶζֶ߷ֻרŵյֶ֮η࣬⣬ǷеֻյǶϡȱ˵еԪûһ
ںɽ﴿ԪµЩУҲûУԪУշеĵҪһġڡ
޵ԣ֪ͨǸ
֮ʯʿͨ˽ͨٶ͡ѲϵʿУΪšʵϷ˽֮Ϊʿǳ֮Ϊš͡š
ͷϸոշɹȥЩʿеõķеڡšпգޱȡ
΢ȶһ޲շеԼ
΢ǾúЦʵֻԼɵ󾳵ΪųڡšȫҲշУظղǼʿҪ졣
΢ϰ߲У˿̳˵пԶȲϽ̤ʵأˣҲˣøԶһ죬ǻǷɵĸߣ졣
ڶ֮ǰ΢ǵ˾
һǣǳǽʮ߰ɣŵľı͸һɱͱ䡣
ǾûôĿɿڴʮﳤ֣ԵīȺַ֮꣬Ƿ
΢˵֮ȴ൱ϤϾһΪٳʮأ˿ֹʵεĸо
Ŵỹһʱ䣬һŵĵطɡ΢Ȼ磬֪ЩǸ粻ʱ֮ЩĵŶ˵ʢǰܲסϿջһ⡣⣬ʥԺھ֮ڣȻˣȻȥ˫һ㣬·Ͼ߶ˣ΢ԼҲͦȥ
ȥһҿջӣҪϷסĵطǽˡ˶ʮ·ʿҲЩƣ룬ԵСĳʳ˺ܿϢ˵ڶ죬΢ǰʥԺ
ǰ΢ϵĵۻ£һͨΣȻ΢һѾ֮Աǣһˡ
˵Уģİǰܣɾʥ֮λΪɳƷĹ٣⼸λʥͬ
¶Уʥǲµʥ˵ÿһ仰дÿһļϵġΪʥĴڣ˳ɵҲһ·ߣǾ̤λɳɳʥ
ʥԺʼٶǰ˵ǵʥʶֵѧãΪʥԵʣԭССѧȵ귢չѾΧһԺ
Ժʿ¶ˣܽʥԺΪ١
΢һδԺж飬Ҳڴ˴ڿΣΪϤվڹɫĴǰʥױдġʥԺĸ֣΢ǻҲ⹴䵱еһЩ
ʥԺȻɡ΢ߣԺţ̾
Ժ֮ؼΪǰʯ׿˵һȾΪԱҲԺͶлʼ־ԺѧܷŽȥ
΢Ҳ֪أŵıǰȥ֪ͨҪҵ˭ֻ֮Ҫͺá
ǵŴỹһ²ŻῪʼ΢еʱ䣬˿΢̧ͷǾ޴ң֪
ʥԺĸʥ֣һ΢Ѿ൱Ϥÿפۿġ塣һΣ΢ĸ֣ȻҲµᣬ˭뵽ֻĸ֣Ȼɢޱ֮ĻӲĸʥѹԽӲɱ
΢һЩ˵˵һطħУʥȻֻǰһ֮ɱǧħ
һʥ֤֮Ȼ˱£ԼĲֻҪ֤ȴʮּѣһ΢Ҳֻ޸֮ˣױƣֶζûС
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΢˵ʱ䣬Ҳ½˽ʥԺԺѧŮһɫ
ʱһװκƥŵһʻͣԺſڡ
΢һ۾ͿǻʼҳӦһλУƨͳܵʽͿɿ
˵ǰ󣬻б
˿̴֮һˣʮͣȻҲԺѧΣϵȴǱ˵λף΢ϵˡ
Ҳԣʮа˾ŶʥԺѧ벻ҹʵΣһˣȻλ΢ԼõԵˡ
ֻ΢䵱Уλүν˶ⶣԭ̫ľߣȴΪִҪΪһ׮ɰǵʵ۴ŭ󱻸˾λλʧȥλʸֻһүͷүƫƫλүһ΢ĹϵܺãƵĪ֮


һһʮ 
΢һ̲飬˵ͬҲôһѣУͰǰλ¡
΢һָ黭ң黭ÿſųһȥ΢ٸ˻д֣󻭣΢Ǵδƴǡʶ꣬ƢͶΪ֪΢Ϊ꣬һ˳鷳ʱλүλʩԮ֡
һĹ΢Ŀ£»ûΪ¼ܵӰ죬ǵλߵĻӣᣬ緢Զ΢Ϥʧģ
ˣ΢ҲЩһǰҲҪһЩǵܰ
˿̽һ˴ȴһλͬʥԺѧӷΣ绪ɫľɫŮӡŮӸ˵ĸоǹɫ㣬̫Ưˡ
ֻǿŮһۣ΢üͷһ¾
ŮϢЩ죬ͷƣɵСʿƫƫһɱΪԲ΢ۣ⿿ΪӦֻὫһͨˡ
£΢ͷһ
ȻŮϵϢǱĳַˣΪܸߵʿҲ̽Ϊ
ڹأһһͶ㣬¶һ̬΢۹ⶾοڹˡ
Ů˶עϣȻƣһΪܸߵŮˣȴΪӽһүûʲôͼı˭ţ
΢뵽һεĽ˵飬Ϊʮǰһ½ķٳԩѩ
˵½һʮ߿ڣȫܵųն
ֻⷭô򵥣½ʱҲǶƷԱ˹ٶƷҪﲻһ֮ͷϱɳɹٶ
Ƿ˵ʵŪˣɳɹŪˣ
Ǵʵ۵ɳɹٵ
һ£ǹΪӻҲԲҶۣ˭ҶҲȻ⵽ĴһǳԿϣƶ˴䵽ԨӴһ겻Ǻ΢ύӴ˼黭֮ܲɱˡ
˵֮Իȥ½һҵľɰС΢ʹ˭ȴǿЦһû𡣵΢²˱ȻһŮˣңýһŮˡ
νӢѹ˹أӢۺܣŮϡ
߳ôһΪͼŮˣһԾܾľɫ֮ˣ΢Ȼ뵽Ǹýȥס
һʶ΢΢ȻǲóȻȥ˵СߵǸŮˡ
ʱһӰʥԺſڣ΢˳˫
겻Ǳ仯󣬳˸ͷߣθ֮⣬ǳԽƯȽǾɫŮã˵вǾɫͷ飬嵭š
ʱ˫ֿһ㶣Ǽæǰ
˫£˫˿̶ׯ񣬶ǵ˵ͷǻӦŮ˽ʥԺ
ˣ˫ŻһЦ˹ǺǣһýĽиͣſ΢Դɬһִ磬ãô
˵μӵŴģȻ˾ȻҪ˫ģʥԺôҲɣﻹϰô˫ϲһ˿ɬͬ˿ֻϲ˫˵ãδȻ˵Ļ
˫ʥԺѧȻйεģֻȻȥΣȵγϣȥ΢ڵĿջСˣһƣ˾Ȼǳһҹҹɫ룬ʤЩ˯΢˫ĺܡ
ſϣ˫ȡһ°ϣſ΢ִ磬⼸꣬㡭㻹ô
΢Ȼó˫һ꣬˵ͷȡ˫ʱ˫ҴδȻǼҴ֮㻹߱ȽϺá
΢ȻԼ͵壬˫һϲ΢ԣȴͻȻִ磬Īǻ˫⣿ˣ˫˫ִҡ
΢Цһβֻ֪΢һһŮ鳤֮£ȷûж΢ΪˣҲʮ꣬Ȩˣ˫ȴǶ껪ʣò˫黭һ΢ǲ룬ҲҵˡΪδ˫ὫǷ˼ȴûѾͷһ㶼ûб䡣
Ůˣһ΢Ҳй˻һ΢зḻӸλˣܹŮ˵ˣҲŮ˵ĺã˵ĺõϳأ˵һ㣬ϼ޻ʵһ΢Ҫ˵УҲǰŮˣһǷ³ϵĻ⣬һ΢Ȣķˡ
һԼնףûټˣ˵ܻܿۼҾ죬΢ﶼΣһ΢ֻзˣûáǸ۷΢ĲɵĻ̽һΣηҲ˶ѣһŮӿһƤңȴûֶΣȻҲڷ³ˡ
һǸ֪ĻӦֻ꣬΢ķˣҲ΢Сʮ꣬ӦҲֻ꣬Сޣ΢ȥҲȥ
˫˵ʵǺ͵ĻԼһķĸȣҪǿ˲ֹһ㣬νŮӺϣ΢ûʱ䣬Ҳû顣
΢ûлشֻ΢Ц˫̾ϢһҲû׷ʡ
Ƭ̣΢ʥԺ飬˫Ҳǽ֮ǰĽ׿⼸ѧľϸϸĽһ顣΢ֻŵͷûв죬Źһ䣺Ժſλ˭ҿʮֹ
£ʵ۱µӣ󣬾˵пڲõĽס˫˵΢ͷﰵԼ֪࣬ڣǽΪļֱ꣬½ҷ˴ѡ
ΪһֿѼ֪΢ѾɹһνѣһǽύһŪ˭ȥǳɰ΢ǽǸŮˣҲֻǲ²⡣
˫ѩ΢Ե޹΢ύԷϾύһλүֻкô뵽ʲôִ磬ԺһĻᣬҲϯ˵ϲ黭ִûб飬μһ¡
΢һ㶣û뵽˫ȻԼոɲǿԼ˼мȾȣָм
ʥԺĻᣬ˭ȥİɣ΢̽һ䣬ûзԼȥύͼ˫΢΢һЦÿĻᣬһЩīֻ黭ңִ黭˫֮ڣһû˭黭ִܳģȻʸμӡ


һһʮ ֮
˫˵赭дº΢֪˫ΪŪһĻ뺯ҲǷ˼ȻⶼǺ󻰡
ҹ˫ڿջ˯һ΢˼Ҳûǰɫȴǿڴ³˼һֱһ˽ʮ꣬˵̫΢ǣ
һμȻŲμӵŴĻЩǾһɣҲȴ΢һ¡
Ҫ£ôһѽľٶȻһĽɻһƶ˵ԨӴƵ飬΢ҲȥһЩźһЩԭԱ飬һôƱػӰḶ̌մȾ΢˼ҹǾô
ǸԼһЩ鷳һЩ»Ҫġ
˫˵ԺĻᣬȷһӽĻᣬͽཻʮ꣬΢֪λֿѵϲã˵΢оųɰտԺͽΪѡ
Ҫý½һҷȴǸѣΪ΢˽ԸȻΪү׼ʮͷţ͹͵Ľ緢ҪΪǶԵ飬ȥһ¡
ѣ΢ԼҲзӣΪˣôһôԼͷһ⼸û£͵ߣתɳͳ֮µ壬ϵʿߣ˶繷ивǿѪ嶥ߣϾӣһ㶼ۡ
΢ҲߣȴһΪ΢һЩҪ
˿̵ľ΢һʱʮ꣬΢䵱еЩһࡣͬ˿΢ǰͬǰҲУһ΢ֻ˵û΢˵ˣ΢ĺ֪һժ¥ͷƻ
ݺժ¥һЦֵǧ
һǾ˺ȨеͷƣʫģͨɣܶǮĴүΪ˼һ棬һ֪ҪҶֻΪһЦһЩٻȨҲһ
ֱ΢ĳ֡
ӣ黭ʫĵʱ˳ң˽΢յʥᲢۣʵϣ΢ֹһεԼݺնףԼĲɣδز֤ɳʥ
¶˺ֹǧ֤޼΢ֻ֪ʥѧʿֱԼ˶ѣˣֻʥһɳ죬ɳʥֱҲɵԾΪֻɵؾ
Ҫ̤ɵҪɵġ
ϧһ΢ʺɵҲûеȵ֤ͳ˱˵ꡣ
΢ʱĲɺ黭ǾԲǸǵģͷһժ¥һʫû¥֮λͷƳ۷ִӵĲ֮£ټˣֻ΢
ɳֱʻɽˮڲī
΢ĺֻ֪Ҳ쳾΢֪ĺ£ΪбʣĸͻȻһӳ޸ĸĹŮ¥
ļŮԸ潣ⲻĺ£Ҳ΢ĺ¡
еת۵㣬գĸδҾͲ֧飬Ҳ˼ҵŮһ䲻ḻ󣬵Ҳܰȡ
΢ȻΪˣһ£һҪģһ޽
΢˵סĵط˿΢վڻ䣬ӵ߳һˣһŻŮͯ
Ůͯ꣬ޱȣıȻˣ΢һ۾ͿǺһǿ٣һǸо֮ŮͯƤȥĸ˿кŵġȷ΢Ĳ롣
Ůͯ
΢վԶһĺһĹ΢ľҲѵõ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ΢õĺ֪΢ԭˣûŮ˶Լġ˵ʱ򣬼ѣĸ˫һݼʮ꣬ͱ¥˼ůͿѡ
ûеһѣĸã٣³ǿջЦĻ˵û΢֮ǰҲ΢ںüǰð籵Լˡ
΢ǵúʱԼлıˣǵʱһұܹһѣΪժ¥ĻܿѣͬҲ΢Ը
⣬˺ܾúܾã֮Ÿ΢֮ĻӶԸ⡣
һ仰û˵΢֪ºԼʶҲԸ⡣
΢ǵ仰ڣ֮ĳӶıˣ΢Ҳʵ
ǸǱ裬ޱȵŮͯ΢ЦЦȻתȥȵ֮ڿջе΢ϣɳջֻƬ̾͵ҵϿա
˿΢ɣһΰ΢ĹΪȻȪ󾳣ֻҪԸ⣬ʱͻƵƵΪԱĹ˵㲻ף΢ȴͨ΢ȥʱһ洿Ԫϰֵһʱ䲻ҹı׫ɽ΢ٶǹƵ󾳣п굤
˵΢ͬɵ޵Ļһġɵ
΢ŵڶûŵһ
ô׵δĽѣ΢Ѿ˼ƻʵõİ취һֱߣꡣֻȻⲻʵԻһˣһߣ֣һܽ鷳ġˡ
л䣬΢ʱɢ֮һ̣֮ڵĹ»ҰȫһЩЩΪһЩ깵͵͵Ұ·һԿܵʼ΢ڿ
΢л䣬Ԩ̸ģԨѾƷةӴĹȻǱǰ߼˺ܶ࣬ôһһ٣ƷҲᡣ
Ƭ֮䣬΢߾;ۼһƬĵҰûǵģֻǱܶǿߵη壬ڵϣЩЩʶģһ۾Ϳ΢ٹٷŵͷͰݡ
һʱ䣬ϰٹ»Ұ΢ⳡ濰׳ۡ
΢ˣû뵽⾩֮ڣȻô»ҰвٿƺôһΪȻﲻżȴǱȾ󲿷ֹ»Ұǿˡ
ԼҪ֣΢ɨһ飬ָǿҰȻҰǶɢ˰ɡ
ȻʧʣЩҰҲ΢˵꣬ЩҰǳ΢һݣȻ˸һɶ
µҰ͸żͻ֣ܸ̿ܵ΢ϵǿϢҲٴֻҪԸ⣬ʱԽӶʣ


һһʮ 
΢Ұǰ飬ŵǰһһǲõɢޣһ̫ǿһֻһЩǳסܴ컯»ҰվҪ֮䡣˵ĻԵһҪˣͳĹ֮ɹޣ٣û߰ˣԼ롭
ⷬ˵꣬Ұ࿴һۣȻʵٴˣǺβ£
ػһҷˣʮ֮ڣǵֱܻ΢ҰһԥߵͷҵԸ⡣
ػһʮܵõ֮һ㣬»ҰأʲôʱͻɢҪͱʿ꣬ͳ֮ȴҪǿ̫࣬˵Ǳˣȥɱˣɱ˵ˣǶԥӦ
΢ͷųŵٲֿտƾĳŵһץȻǻצҰϸԳһƬȻƼ䡣
һĻҰʱǸоһ־壬ƺֻҪŹǾͻɢһ
ʵҲȷˡ
΢赭дȡ𣬻һ̻ɢ
һʲôŵգҰŵ΢׳ҶһҶдһЩĹ޹㹻鶯󾳣һҶϣдšͷ䷨
΢Ȼ֪ڰ첻ɳ֣гɵĹޣͷһҲɢػǲܷҹģԲŸҰͷ䷨
ֹ䷨ɸڲľ֮ϣ߶ľòľüˣȻ䷨ͷ֮»һͽˡ
ǹֻ֮ͷ䷨ǶѰҰŪҰȻһֻҪػһʮ꣬Ǿл̤ȻԸ⡣
Ҳ֪һҪãȻλǿޱȵǵĻһжˡ
΢ҵҰҰߵ΢Ȼҡ
ӴԺһ߾ͶκһȨʿɣֻһЩͨҰ㲻ʲôϲ̨棬˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ң΢¶ֻһ֡
һ̣ѾǽЩƾɵķ䣬ΪС͸ĸһ˯ڴϡ
ŷ཰۵΢ָʩչͷϵһ¡
һʱǰû벻ǡӡΣգӡɽһʱ֮ΣҴӡһԶǧ֮⣬΢Ҳ֪
ģҲֻôˣ΢ţʮػ㲻һ࣬ͨ˼ҵŮһȵĳһɾɹһ䲻ǰȣҲһġ
ڣ΢
ֿһ˯΢˳ؿջʱһߴͷ
ηҰү⵨֮ͽһѹͷѹ£΢ҲоһΣա
ش
΢û뵽澹ȻΪҲ̧һצͺȥ΢ԵУȫԸǶԷ⣬ɱ΢϶
⼸ʱ䣬΢Ϊ٣ʱͻƹƵڵġצ΢Ҳ˵ڶ䣬צ
ʣצܱȼ磬ͬĹȪֻ֣ɵµʿצҲֻһ

˿΢һצֱӺͷϮĶײһ𣬾һ·ʲôһ
΢ʱɳɣ̧ͷһȻԼĹצһƿײ飬ǴƿƬϱӿ֣ϡԿƬоͼ棬ϧôһצײ顣
ƿҲһצײƿҲľɢһա
ҵ걦ƿһ˲Һ΢Զݶվһˣһʿ磬ʮ£ЩֵԲֺ͸һ˿ɫһץĴƿƬʿ뻳Уƿⶫ˾ˣܸԭ
һʿüλ׺ݵ۹ⶢ΢
˵꣬Ҫǰ֣΢һһֵʿͷƾȻ׵ɵ󾳵ʿ
Ǽǰ΢ֶֻǱܣڣ˵΢ĹΪɵΪҲ¶ԷȴΪ΢޵ɵȻĿǰֻɵ󾳣ȴԱһĶֶԵС
΢ɣ߳ɰգԽֵʿܡ
΢Ȼȣ£ֵʿҲûгȴǱһʿһʿΪֵʿһҪСһ㣬΢ʮ꣬;޵ɵ׿Խˡ
̣ŭ٣֮ǰû壬óȻ귨ջ꣬Ī㻹㹥ٲɣʿһǳ⣬ôѣֵʿعϸһ΢ϵٹٷûмһ˫С۾ȴתͣ
ʱʮʿ΢ǸոΪаŹޣԳּһЩ˼£ԭ֪߲
΢ЦЦû
΢û׷ǵʿ̵ڽ㣬λ̣ͬҶ˲μӾŴᣬպ·˵أΪаŹ޻ˣһ֮¶֣û˵ˡ
޷Էô˵ˣ΢ȻپסţȻҲǰ⽭㲻򵥣ڲ˽⣬ʱƣǸ
ʱֵʿƺҲתͻȻһЦζҵȷûп壬֪ٴٴΣҲóȻ֣֪λγƺδְ
Լĵϸ
΢ЦЦʿ϶ôưոݣָʲôأԷѾԱţ΢˵һòӣԵԼСӡ
΢׫١΢˵꣬̾Ϳֵʿ¶һ˿м֮ɫȻǶĹλı׫ײ֣ûʲôᣬҲʲǫ̂
پǹ٣ϵ٣Ե޹ʵĵ£ȷԼżˡĵŵУҲһĴڣȻΪĵţµȻʮóҪռһⷨռǿйأҲɣ΢ʩչлʱ򣬱ӦԼæ˹û΢óȻ֡
ֻˣҲûʲô̲ں˵Ǹò׵õһ걦ƿȴǱԷ飬Щʲˡ
ûӶԸһ٣շлˣһ֣ڲС


һһʮ ˫Ķͷ

ʲȥҲʡ
ڵĽףҲףҪһسӣҲǰٵĵϸС
Ǳֵĺܿ
ֻϧ̿ڲģ΢óǿѹµŭ֪ԷôһΪԼݣʵ
΢ĹΪͻȪ󾳣Ƶֻһֽľ롣Ȫ󾳣Ѿɵ󾳲£һͻƵƵǸҪ߳һ㣬ΪԷɵͶˡ
Ȼᣬ˵Ҳûˣôִ㣬ʦֵܶҲ£ʹ˱ǣڣ㹰˵꣬뿪
ڣ΢һҲǿ뿪
΢֪ΣǺʿӣṆ̀ưոݡ

΢Ȼǣڵȷ֮ŵĴţ̷񣬸ƣɽҪǿͿɽڲ£΢Ŀɽ
صջ΢ϣͷ˯ǽˣҲȴ΢еһĲػԼԼµһӡٲһһ¥֮
ʥԺĻڽ죬ֳϻûȥģȻҲ飬ֻĿʶǿôһ㣬ȴҲ¶ӡҲһ˫˵ĻֻĲɳڣ黭׵˲ܲμӣ΢ֻǰ
΢ĻǽύһᣬȻǲܷŹʥԺʱ򣬴˴ѾŵƽʣſڲһȻī̤룬Ҫôǻͣ£߳¹ӺСС
ȻЩ˶μĻȨ
ĻĻᣬĻѣһ΢ȻǲμӹܶΣһͷһβμӡʥԺĻᣬ˵Ȩĺ
˫ĵſڣ˿һԺѧΣվͬˮܽأ΢ӭ
ִ磡˫ܸˣȻ΢˵ȷ˿̼΢ˣȻ˿
֪΢Ϊ˽ɺܸˣ˵ֻҪ΢ͺá
΢ЦЦʥԺμĻ˿ǷǸ󡣡
һ仰΢û˵Ϊ֮Ҷѧŵڶû˭ŵһѧ͵Ĵڣвͬ޵ŵӣȻӵҲ١
˫΢߽ʥԺƬ̣㵽һﻨ԰
һ΢Ҳǰһ
ʥԺ΢̾ʵԺֱ̫ˣ⾩֮ڣȻ˹ģ԰л̣СˮҲмɽʯһ治СĺˮҲСͤа׺׸ˮӰС
ִ磬Ժʥ԰Ļڴ˾С˫΢ܵ
΢ͷע⵽ѾϰˣȻˣԵʮֿе˴ʥԺѧӳۣеΣȻԼѧġʿҲʵв١
¿һۣ΢Զطں˳̸ڽߣȻվǰռǸŮˡ
Ļᣬôͽʶ΢
һǽҵԼΪԼһһ΢ʼʩ
΢ĻῪʼĿֻΪ˽ύȻ뷨˷ͷı䱻˵ǹʹˡ
һĻȻô򵥡
ʱһź˫һԺѧӷΣͬʮƯŮ˹Ůӣ˫΢΢ü
˫˵һ˲μĻᣬ֪ĲΣʶʶŮ˵ü֮͸һ˿мֲм
ó˫ϵá
˫ۿŮһۣû˵ǳ΢ִ磬ʥ԰ʥīļ紺ɫҲãȥתת˫£ȥ㡣
΢֪˫ԸҪǿȻԼ֧ǿ϶뷨΢˵ͷ̤뿪
΢ã߳ȥͦԶɿ˫Ů˵Ļ
欣֪ʲô¶һ£߹㣬ҶЩûκȤŮʱȥ˫΢Уţɶ˾Ͳһˡ
΢Ҳһ仰һɴűİǸ欻Ҫ
Ů
΢֪ʥԺСӡ͡ŮͷΣû뵽˫ȻԺŮһ룬˫Ҳȷʵ
Ů˵ĶԻڼ
˫ԺŮ֮ҵģҳߣ飬Ҳһ£㲻㲻Գֲ飬ܾ˶һƬĵιӣʲôҶüס仰Ц˵꣬ȴ¶Źֱ飺ղŽǸִ磬Īϲɣ
ס죡˫ˡ
Ȼ欱ǵ⣺벻Ů˫ܾ˲黸ľȻôһòͨϣˡô˵ģֻ˵۹ذɡ
˫ȻѾŭͶԷתߣҲô׷Ź
˱ιӲʮǧѣ㾹Ҳܿϣɴ˿ɼ˫ҲˣŮߣЦ˵Ȼ˫ûлͷû˵ûͣ½Ųʣ֪Լһκ˫ԾǴȫʤ
款úܵ⣬ǰ˫ûռôˡ
΢ЦˣΪ泩еʱʱЦĸáߵ΢ߵʱ˫Ͽһ㼣΢Ҳûжʡ
ȵ֮ʥԺĻʽʼ΢ʱ򿴵һˣȻǹɡߣһµߣͷƾȻʮ
˿̸̣΢ɵͬʱҲע⵽Ťͷ΢һۣһ˿ȣܿƻĿ⡣
ֻһ¶סߣǿһ΢ʵɣ˭
ͬ⣬΢Ҳ˫
ִ磬̨ǼλԺĴԺʥĲҲʥ֮һ֤һʵǸߣһ֤ʥǵѧʿֱ
˫˵꣬΢аȻ
ص˶ţëһȴָֻ֮ˡ
һʥһɣһֱ
ǵľ磬ûаװ׶飬صҲдС֣֮֮ʥĵõģɳʥɾͲ̫࣬ȻҲ˵ҲɵؾɵʿͬɲɵĲܸߣɵʺĲɣҪ֤ɣǲܵˡ
ֱʥҲ˺ܶ࣬ȴҪǿɣͷʮƴɵС
ϱǡˣҲֻ󾳽硣
Ҫ˵ɳʥֱĻȻҪɡ


һٶʮ ʫһ
һ΢λѧʿҲˣϵãΪ΢յ̲飬ͽֱһ鷸ƵֶնסλȻڼǺ΢Ҳ
ڵĲֱ΢һʱܲһ΢Żѯȷ
һߣֱɵĻǳԾ˵ǰƪʥдģ˵ĻҪã
ûɵͷ
ֱƪʥҶȷǾޣ鷨̾磬ȴǲš
Ҳڲˣ鷨֮ҵȷ̾磡˵꣬һɸֵı飬ҡͷֻϧ΢˼ȡҴߣҪȥʲôĪΪô޵𣿡
ֱͷҲɣɽѳɣװ΢ȻμĻᣬлʶʶ˵鷨Ƴ磬װ
ܿ죬˵Ļͻˡ
ĻᣬˣҲˣ⼸λүһһʾ׵Ķֱʱ˵
Ϊ˶֮λλүļ䣬Ͳţɵʿʿߣ˵߲ܣĻҲչ¶ʵĵط˭ܶͷܵڱӷ֣˭Ҳֻᡣ˵꣬ͼȣ࣬λү˭
˵׼ֱۺ룬һֱֵأ
Ҳ˵׼ѧ˶һۣǹһЦû˵⡣
һλɵؾƷأһλɵԾһƷة࣬ⴢ֮¶Сԡ
ʱٷ·ɤӺʥԺĻῪʼԺ⣡
ϣԭĽ̸䣬ʱһϸ̨һɨ˶ѻȸ
΢֪ʥԺһԺѾ䣬ȻûصҲɵ˵Уλߣɼˣһ
ĻĹأ΢ţ֮ǰ֪ո˫Ҳˡ
ÿĻⲻһ࣬һǳʫ⣬Ժʱһ⣬ԴʫȲڶ黭ֳдƷ־ı磬ȵǼʶͿڲţԹԿڱΪʥһ˸壬֮һ֮ˣˣųɾʥ֮ıҲͳʥԺıĿÿĻᣬ˶ɿ
ڣȳʫ⡣
Ժû˶ȣҲû˵һЩķϻֱӲ⡣
Ļᣬʫԡ
˵ֱ꣬ԲȷԸ
ʫѳǵʫжƷһͷĻᣬܶʥԺѧԺ˶ףĻϳʣô̫ࡣ
󻰺ڼȴԣĿȤ΢ЦˣȻȤҲζѣ΢û˼ʫһףֻһĿģύ
Ҳϲʫʣ࣬΢Ĵ㣬ڵڶϳ֣ԻԼ
ֻϣڶѧʿڤ˼룬ʫʱͻȻ˵ʥԺĻᣬͷһʫȻʥԺѧŽ½Ů˫ĲɳڣŮһ״ʫҵƷ͡
˵֮һʿΪţȴǲ⡣΢֮ǰ˸ǸߣǸŮİ֡
˵꣬˱죬ȴΪνĴʫʵ˵󻰣亣ڣ˵ĺһǴԣ˵ǾǴţ
ȻʫҲһЩʷҲԴΪ⸳ʫвپ䴫֮ŮʫϾŮӵ֣ţ亣ڣʵڲʺŮӡ
ƫƫԷȻǵ˫ʫĿȻΪ
²˶΢΢ü˫һ˪һ⣬Ķ˫ҪʥԺ黸ǰ
һߣѧվһһС֣ȥӢ۾
Ľ֣֪˫ԱŹѣȥΧ欵ģһѧЦ˵
ǾҪֵѡˣҲ۵ķհҵȿɷְһ˴Ȥ
һٷĲӣ黸ʥԺһӡ˿û˵ֻ˫欣Ȼò飬˫ҪʤһģҲΪˣŻ׷˫
εľܾȷ黸Щջݲ棬˫һǵһǣһһӱɡ欣黸ȴŮҲȻԼģǱ㲻żժ
ȻЩ֣Ҳû˳棬ϾĻᣬǱҪʫҲԡ
ֻ˫Ȼʾֳϣǵ΢棬ʾҪʫڴ˿̣ȴһ˵Ƥ˶ǣʫö𣿡
˵΢档
һ䡰Ƥ˶ǡֱ˱ǵˣҲ֡Ƥ֪ܣȴûУֱ޲磬˹ģ˼ʫ΢Ҫ˵ĻΧҲö˿̴кãȻвٶ˵Ϊп
΢ע⵽кõнɺǲֱҲǽעת˹
ҲƤ񣬿΢һۣЦǺˣ
΢ڨڨһЦҲûٶ˵ֻϴһ˿⡣ԶҲɫѿΪ˵˫û뵽ͷתһ룬Ц
˫ģǾһԸ
ôһ֣ע΢ϣ£ϣҪʫˡ
˫û뵽欻˵ڵԼû뵽΢ͦ꣬˿߬ȭͷĬĬߵ΢
ȻλСֵ˵ʫ¾Ͳò㶷ʫʤˣԪʫһףλСֵܵһղԱ˵꣬ҡͷԣһ۾һӲɽŲ£󡭡
ֻû˵꣬΢ͻȻһ⳯
£˫ҧ촽Ŀɿڴ֣ɺͲֱ۾һ
۾ˣֹڳڶʿ΢һ䡰ʫˡ
νʫ
ʫţһ㶼ȶһȽϸ߶˵ֶΣڶԷʫ֮ǰףһʫȻǰǱҪ֮ǰʫĶӦҪҪ⾳ʫɣȡ衣
ΪѶȺܸߣҪܸĲɺͷӦٶȣԺʫֶΣ»ɷȮʱ򣬶ӵ˾Լ
΢һ䡰һ⳯ȴǡôʫԷ֮ǰĴʫһǴǰЩţƤ˳ȥʲôʲô嵶ʲôɽŲôһ䣬΢˵һΣѻʵҪŭĳ˵Ԫһˡ
ʲô֣ǡ


һٶʮһ ʫ
һ䡮һ⳯Ԫʫƽһ䣬⾳˼磬ʫˣĲѹԷԪǻһ˿˵ĹӦֱ䡣ʱ򼤶˵һԵĲֱҲͷȻУһʫǼһ䣬ҲﲻĵزϾʫУܴĴ֮١
ô˵΢һסʫɹĽ˵ע˹
΢ãԼòõ֮ύˡ
ԪȻƿԣһһףҪ˵ʲôһ仰û˵ǻͷ뿪
ͬ䡣
ûտʼôʵĶʫһ˷ܲѣȻֻһССĲҲǽеʫԼ˳
¾ѧ̲סǰȳ΢ֵλ̨ţҵ֮һ׾̨Ʒ
΢ѧӲ鷳ǵĻѣˣ΢һǺò
ѧ˵꣬Ƭ̱ұ죬һ̤ߣˣࡣ
ʫʫѧһ˵ֽ꣬кá
ʫǿʣͼ֣Ȼ˵ԽԽʣ΢ʫͷһѧʿʼʫС
ⴵţʫԽԽţ˵鱭ݡӺ꣬ɺӡ
˽ӣһ칬̡̧ժ£ۺܽգաΪϬţǣƽϷ塣
˸ո˵꣬ѧʿе߸Ϸ粽ޣ~δݡķͷһਸ਼ٺԲ
һǴƪƫƫĲɳڣ˵󻰴ţƤ˾磬ʵ̾ΪֹʫȤУ΢ҲһЦ⡣
ʫҲӦҪһβһ˵ĲɼߵβʫΪֶʫдʫҪǰһòУɲ˵
һνβʫɴͼλԺͲֱӼ۽һ£ɲŵһףһЦ֮ɣǹ罣ֽڲ죬īƴ꣬ĳһɰꡣ
һһƬкãȻɵʫҪǰЩѧʿҪúܶ࣬⾳ϾǴţƤҲҪǡôС
΢ĥһ£ҲᵽɵĴ־صˣʥ΢ûɺͲֱ΢Ϥ˵ʵȻֱĲɺΪҪߣȴһ
΢ͻȻãɵĳɾͻӦóֱֻΪǹŹֵӣԲ
Ļһ̣ʫڿ˵ǽˣΪѾʫʲôʫᣬ̨ףһĲɵʫ˵öɵʫڳûܳùﻹһЩʫƷҲ˼óȲɵʫ粻
еʱƫƫ˳
ʱֿʼˣո˫΢˻ȥǽԪѹĲ֨һĸ欷ǳˬӳ嶯嶯֮£һЩ벻顣
ڣͻȻָ߳˫˫欽սʫԺһŮ᲻Ӧսɣ
ôһ֣˶Ǵһ΢Ҳһû뵽款Ȼô󵨣ɵβʫˣôûнɷﰡ
һɣȴ΢ΪԾ
ȻҲһԾȴ¶һΣ΢Ϊζˡ
Ҫ֪΢ɵƢҲָƣˣλشͷˣ˵ʫսҲٵôŭ֮·ȥôôƽ
ٿԺҲһ飬΢֪欿϶ͷͷСͨѧӻɺЩʿ϶֪Ȼֱ顣
次աˣ΢ͻȻһһ£֪ʲôͷˡ
ʥգ欣Ҳա
ɺ
ûиղŵЩԼǶ欵ķӦɺϣڣ΢òǡ
ȻŮôͷͱΪʲôҪ˫ģֻΪһŮΪǸ黸ĲӣŮӵ˼΢ŪףȻʲôͷ΢ǻ˫
˵սʫ˫ܲӦս˶ϣˣǶǡʿɱ衱ģôܲӦս
˫欣һ֪欵ͷֻ֪ĲһϣԼƵģҲڲŮͷѹ欣Ϊһ
ֻһ£ȻĲɲ̨ĲȴҪ̫̫࣬һʫͿֱӽ˫ѹ
款ôģңҲôġ
ƾԼʵȷǱ˫һЩȻʥԺһŮˡҪӮ˫款ͲԼʫ
Ҫñ˵ʫ
˭ʫ
Ц˲֪ռҵˣǱռңʥıҡʥﱲȻʥˣȻһЩʥĴǽʥʫһʫԼг˫Ҫʫϳǲܵġ
еԭΪѹ˫һͷҲǻȥˡ
˫ʱֻӦսҧ촽ȻȻˣʫ
һıóѵı飬Ȼǰһˣ¯̡
һ䣬ò˾̾ԽĲɸߵʿԽǳԾֻһ䣬͹ǵĺģҪȲһ䡣
ʮֵ⣬˵ıԤϵУڶ䣺ңٲǰ
ʫֻ䣬˰гޣ̵棬ȴ൱Ѻϣ⾳׺ǴѾ䡣
˫ȻҲʫĺûɫʱЩ԰Ѫȷ欵ĲɾȾ䣬ƫƫûӷϾƾ޾ݡ
˫ı飬欸ӵĵ⣬һҲĵƣȻԼҲǸԪôΡһʫżг˵ģʥɽ¯ɽиж
ʥʫ˫ôܱȵù˵˫ɣֱҲС
˵ʥԺһʫʫġ
һ㣬款֪Լվ˲֮ϡڱ˻᲻ỳʫԼģҲֻǻɣ֪˭ҵҴ
Լգ̣˭Ҳռӣ
ûС
ȻƨһС£ͽռҵ˾úЦȷû˽Ҵ
ͨѧӺʿǲ֪֪ˣȴǲ˵ֱû˵촽˶Ҳû˵ʲôֻ̾Ϣһֻºúðοһ˫ˡ
ʱһ⣬ϲָоһ˳
ֱǧߣ죡
䣡
һεƳѹˣʥ֮ʫԴһǿʥԺѻȸһ̣ʥԺȻһ졣
ʥӣȻʥ죬һʫȻǴһԺԺĿɿڴȻҲóһʫԲģʲôˣ˭
һЩǲ˵˵
ԽĲɵˣԽ֪ʫĲֱʱ˲Ŵһʫѹ֮»ָڣɵҲ֪ǲʫģƣ欸Ͳ䡣һʫˣʥ׿һʫѹǿǻ


һٶʮ һ
ʥƣΨŮСҲ
Ůеʱȷ൱¡欣Ϊѹһֱѹͷϵ˫νǽʾ֪֭ԼĲɱȲ˫Ծôһ⣬ռʥʫѹ˫ȻЩݣ˵˭֪
˫Խʥʫ䣿
ֻ֣ܡ
²ðˣռѾͷôһ۾ͿóƫƫܽҴһǵʦĬǾǴ˴ֱʱҡͷ˵
ɵɫҲʮΣֻϧ˫Ҫװ׳һߣʦΪβܹܡ
ֱ꣬һæɵĻС⻰Ժв˵Ϊ˲֪Ϊʲôûվ򱧲ƽռѾͷξҪˣһ޴Ӹ棬һʫһģʱǴ˴㲻ǣҲɨռ˵ӣ˭ң
Ȼף룬ͻȻһ˷ӣһ׳ղʫʫģȻ͵͵˫Χ
̸ףֱ
ȷҪԽղһʫ̸ס
΢Ҳ뷨ӣ뵽һȥˣ£ԼͰˣȻˣǾҪ˫
Ȼûа˫뷨жܲԽһʫʫ䡣
¯̣ңٲǰֱǧߣ죡⾳̫ߣĴʫ޳ߣ벻벻
һīҪôʫеͺҪôǳһ׸õġ
ûһó
ȷ˵һʫġ
ʫʥռŮҲ̫ˣĪΪҶɵ𣿡Ȼһϲ壬ռҵҲǲǡ
ʤߣֶΣҵǾֶβңֻǲ²⣬˵ʫǳ֮أһЦ˵ͷһһ
Щ飬ʵʵ̫棬ͺãʤΪΪܣ磬˵˵ĶôһЦ⡣
ܣȹΪ֪Щ¿ΪЩ²Ϊţʲô£Ҫһ㡣Ȼʮֲϲ¶һм֮⣬ǻʼ֮Ū˵ģ磬ǹΪӣô
ᣬҲö˵ȻֵܣԸȻͬ½Ѿ˶ۣú˵
ЦһҲû˵ȻѾ϶˫õĴʫ
ͬΪ˫ʫĻ黸ԺһӣҲ˫׷ߣ۽Ͷ˫˽Ҳǲһʫǹôʾ䣬ǴһɺͰ黸ǣ欴Ūһʫ
欵ݣԺֻм֪󲿷ֻ֪Ժò鲻˫Ĵڡ
˫ȻҲóһʫǵǷ켫⾳ͺ԰ٷְȷ־䣬ƾ޾ݣҲ˵˼ҳϮ
ڽľѾӦսβֻһʫȴͬһԷԽĴɽһ㣬˫ǰĲʵһܷԽĴɽԵô
̾Ϣҡͷһֵı顣
˫һʫѹ͸Ҫʱһ
£һ˵
˴ĵ˫⣬ġ˫̾ͷֱ΢
˫飬Ҳ֪΢ҪԼʲôһʫ¼ֵڣѾ˲ˣˣѾǴ˿̣΢ȴ·һҹƯھκ˵еĹۣͻȻҵһܷۣо˰ȫ
Ҳ֪˫ʲôƬʱ䣬ıǾȣǼƽ
˫˵ôҲ޼£ɡʮֵ⣬ʥԺƺǺ˫ԣ¶Ҫ˫һϸ£ǲŮͷᣬ黸Ҳһ
Ҳ黸ΣϾļҾƽı黸вŵĶȥˡ
黸ƫƫֻ׷˫ȴ׷ջĵط
ƾʲôŮ˫ʥҵԼ
ƾʲô˫ҪƯ
ƾʲô黸ֻ׷㣬׷ң
һǼΪ࣬ٶȻ֪ºԼܻ鷳Ӯ˫һΡ
ֻһΡ
Ҫۿţ˫ԼǸ߹ͷ
ڣΪϾҪɹˣֻһ̣˫һʫ·Ƴұ
Ҿˣ˶Ϊ˫ȻҪ欵ʱȻʫˡÿһ˵ﶼðһͷ˫ʫȲһҲǰ״
ô룬ȴô˵˫һͷ˼ΪԾƣͲһ䡰¯̡ˡ
Ŀɿڴ˫Ȼв黭˫Լǲ˺ܶ࣬ͷһ䡰·Ƴұģ٣ֳϣ٣Ҫʱ
ͬĿɿڴĻвֱˣȻֻһ䣬ϸϸһƷȴ˸оŵһζҪȲƿ⣬ڹһ㡣ǾȻǽ׼ľӡ
һ֮ɫ欣˫һ뽭´ߡ
ʮֵİμĻˣʥ԰оȻѻȸֻ˫
ֿһ΢Ц͹΢˫
ͼҵ̸Ц䣬ʤһ
ĿɿڴȻһƬǼλٺүһ䡰ͼҵ̸Ц䣬ʤһһǴ˰Ρ뵽˺ܶ飬˿̣ͻȻоȻζλ治һ
ʥԺʥӵŽǴֻлѣһΣʥ
ñˣʥӵѾ˵ʫ˭ߣ˭͡欵һʫֻһ˫ģ
˫ûΪӮ˶⣬ҲûΪ˶󶯸λֻһ㵣˫һۣһԣŤͷߡ
ûٶ˵ʲôʫǽģΪӮ˫һΣȻԼҲ֪ӮҲӮòʣںֻӮ˫һΡ
˫һʫֱӽȵף˿ֻ˫һʫָ
ͼҵ̸Ц䣬ʤһԼΪʤ˵ֶξ˫һбȲһûнԼ֣־磬Լ˶Էֹһ硣
Ҳģ뿪
һһ⣬ţֱ˿̿ڵɵһʫβʫǿ̫ࡣ
ɵͷŵʫȻǳ˫֪˫Ⱦ䡣
ǿ϶˰
˭
ʱɿ΢


һٶʮ һȦ
лл㣬ִ磡ԶȺһ£˫ɫ΢ĳ΢˵
һΣ΢Χ
΢һʫȻ欣Ȼ˭֪欵ʫ⣬˾ˡ
˿˫΢Ͷأһʫֻ;õسһֹ˵͸дУϴ񣬲Ҳɵӣ϶ỳʫǳ֡
һ˵΢ǹһЦ㲻˵Ҳ˵˭֪ҾǻҲûʲôǸ欼ȻԽñ˵㣬Ϊβɣ
΢˵ĺеûеʱ˫Ҳᷴ
ֻ΢˫һ£˿˫ôһ׿ʥ춯εʫģѾע˵Ŀ⡣
˿һʫɫѾɫЦ⣬µԸһ˫޾ϸѾǰ
ŮˣԶ˫͸һռ
νĿ¶Ŀ̫¶ǣǱߵ΢ͻУŤͷ˹ȥúһ
ܿ죬΢ŲĿ⣬ϵ֪ԷƢԣʱ˺ͶԷͻһ棬΢ߣһˡ
Ȼһʱһ˳˵ϴһ˿ȣһ⡣
ʶǸˣʵ
룬£ոʫˣʶһһЩԹ
˵һ£ǰһϺ΢йССڵʿ̣ķ걦ƿǱ΢צ˵ġ
ֻη΢ݣ΢ո΢ʫʱ;΢죬ȴΪҹ΢ƶһԲûһϳ
ȷԷǸ١
ʣȻܲ˵ϾĿ֮һǰ
½ĳͻһһϴŲ֮ɫ
ε١֣۾Ѿ
ܺãֻ˵ֿ֣һǱߵ΢˫Լӽһ
ҲԼʱǸûӣҲУǰ˻Ҳοֻǻ֮һ
Ļ˵ڶ̣Ʒ黭Ҳɵ֣
˫һʫԼƵ˼⣬˶̸ύ䷳˸΢ǸͶ
΢ˣڶѧʿȺ۽˵֣Ʒ
һ۽ԷȻȥ˻滭΢ЦЦİùȻһһ
΢һİȵǰһʿһŽӹʣպīʼ
΢ĺܿ죬ĻѾǵǷ켫һʦǸǰٳ߸ͷһȼʣһӰԾȻֽϡ
꣬΢ϣȻת뿪
֪еĻᱻ˹𣬹˼ͣȻҲᱻע⵽һ㹻ˡýϰٷйעԼһ΢ԼķӣڣߵһԣһʯϢһ̣£͵Ϲˡ
֮䴩·һ㣬ϰٷī֮˴УͼƷ
֪˲֪࣬ɵǣҲȻΪᶫ֮λǰͬˮ𣬶Ĳɿϣֵܡ˿һۻʥԺĻģһֵģиһЩҴ֮˹ۻͬɫ֮˿ŮһһǾޣڶǴƷϲۣͺ޲ýռΪС
磬ʥԪϸݵĻ¯ɺͼȷΩΩФԼˡʱûһν²һҽԲŻ׽
Ըֱ֮ңСĿȾῴ£ûѯʣǵͷϸݵĻԻƣȻƵǼƷʦǲˡ
һЦҾ˵ֵܼˣ໭ϸݵĻѾ˲õļȴһ۾Ϳ⣬С
˹ά˭ˣȻ֪ԼܴСϲŪıۺܶ࣬˿Ծⲻһ⡣
һˣһת˵мҪæ
ҰæûɣܰʲôЦˣֱԼܵǱˣбȨ¿ţë£ĹԱҲв٣ʱֺԼͼ
ЦЦֱӵֲվǰ˲£ûйҲпͣ˵̰˿ݣȴԹʵӵģҲΪǣвҥԣԩ˰̲ǱߣĻã£ѷġ
Цȴһɫ
֪˿ı˽سǶǧ֪񣬸ǽ״·ɱν񼫣֤̰ϧ֪˵ĺˣӺ̸𣿡
һЦݣȴǵһЩˮ㣬Ǹ˲ţ˴ˣܵܵĲæġ
һ¾ͳȥ˼ҷһ
ͷ
ܣشն޻ء
һЦˣŽһҪˣûɱ
Ҳ㣬֤ȷ䣬ɣԣһһ仰û˵תߣȴΪ֪˵Ҳûá
ͽֵܣȻ֪ԸҲ⻰˵Ҳ˵
ǻ˵ˣΪѹҪǸ飬ԭܼ򵥣ˡ
֮飬ĿĲΪ˾ˣΪɱˡ
ȷǱԩĺù٣Щν֤źõ壬ף֪޵ľ̰Щ񣬱·ɱİգ׵նѡ
ﻮѾãΪ˽һְᵹֻҪɱʱԼٽ޹֤óʱ򣬽˰԰һģʹˮԲ˶ߡ
˴֮λʸܱܲסڵλӶ˵뵽ǱǲԾ
ղ̸أǵӶ֪ȴһ˽Իڶ
˾΢
ֻͨҪ벻̫Զ΢ֻҪԸ⣬˵Ľ̸
֮Ҽǵ£Ǻù٣ݺһǽԻףǹˣΪҪɱǽȰ裿΢һʱ벻еĵȴΪһҲֻ֮ʱû뾩Ϊ٣ȻҲ̫ϸڡ
΢˼أղſ뿪Ȼע⵽ԷǹЦݺ΢΢ǡ
ֻһڼıóѣܺõʱ򣬲Żֱ顣


һٶʮ ˵ɺ

ʲôˣ΢һҲûٴ򽻵΢Ǳ׼ۣΪĿģֶΡ
۲ûԵɵ¶ֱ顣
ͻȻ֮䣬΢뵽һֿܡ
Ȧף
Ϊ΢֪ʷǱԩģûκǣΪҪ飿һ⣬΢²⣬ǹˣΪ飬Ҫİӣӽһѡ
һ£ȵһŭ֮½նףʱͻȻóȡǻǺεȹ⾰
ʱеκ͹¶ɽ
ò˵ƣֻɽ鵹ˣԩͺйϵ˾̫Σˡ
һ½һҷ΢ͻǱµȦףҪ˵˭ƳȦף΢ֻһˡ
һ⣬ǾһĽƺû굽Ȧ׵Уƽ˷һֻ֮Ϊ½İʧơ
ô˭˽һѣ
΢֪ԽĻʱ򻹿İһı˵ǽԼһ֪Ҳ֤ȷ񼫵Ǳԩĺù١
΢˼ʱ򣬽ѾǼһ·ȥûͣ½ŲһЩʦĻҲֻǿһ۾ͼǰ
Ǿʱ򣬽һͼͻȻһ㶣վϸһϵıʮ־ˡ
Ծ˷ܡŨŨͣһ˲ڽϵı顣
һӰһ䣬ɨһ⻭дţ΢

΢ͽˡ
ʵϣǽ΢ʶһ£ǽһϰߣϲύʦȻƳЩĴʦĴʦֻһǱϲĻ
ĻٻȣӰֻһҡ
ϰٷ֣֮ȥƫƫϲһԽԽϲǻв֣⾳ȫǽϲġ
ҵ΢
£΢һ񣬲ǰ׶йҪйģ΢ǣǴԪţƷ٣ֻͨڱɡ
΢Щݣ˲֪ڽһɫƣҪںȳ⣬ֻǻûڣͽӴ򷢵һߣͶԷȽڲô⡣
ĻҺϲԸڲĨǵ֣лֱ˵
΢ЦŵȻϲһˡ
ʲôǴˣǾںʵʱ˵ʵĻϲȻ򣬲˵𣬶֮£մϽǮЩζ΢ͣͲͬˡ
۾ˣǰȥΪٵʮȤܻôһѾ൱ˣ΢ǸոڴʫϣһԴʣֻܵĲӣǶ΢ŨȤ
޹»ʲôҪæģҡ˼ն΢һ仰ȴΪá
黭֪Ѱϰٷѡһ˵¶ҵĻ֪һкη
˵ĺãһЦ˵֮ǰֻǶ΢ͣڣѾ˽ύ˼ҲҪҽ㵱ѣططС
ֱãҴҾͳƺһ֡΢һ룬ҲǾöԣñԼΣ΢Ҫùˡ
ֻȻ֪΢ֱ֣Ҳᵹù
һ΢һ΢һ΢ûивŻ͹λܲסˡһٵڣ΢ĵѾˣһɵŵˣؾ٣ɵ͹Ϊ΢ѾһǸ΢
һ΢ܶ࣬һ¾ǲýصޡ
̸ģȻ̸ֻһ΢ĲͶԻط۷ѡ
ʱһӰ˹طһЦȻˣһ˸ʶ
Ȼ
΢һǸԺѧӷΣȴֳ绪Ůӣûκα飬ȴĥ
΢һļûôһˣֻһֿܣһ΢ڽΪٵʱŮѾھһ΢ͽط˵޻̸ƫƫûᵽ֣ҲûйŮ˵ֻƬ
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Ż磬ոһ䡮һ⳯ңֳϿ˱˵ʫȻŮʷǷǴ˼һǹٻҳģһë˵Ҳǵˮ©
ܺʶʵ£ֻǽһ£ҽ̸ͣطȥȷ£΢ĿѾɣԹֵã֣
Ȼط뿪΢ɫ䣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ļỹûн΢ѾĿѾɣ˷ʱ䣬ȥ
һȦûҵ˫΢ȥʱһģҵ΢
΢ӣ֮ǰһֱߡ
ǹ΢Ӵ΢һۣʵȻҲЩó۾İɫ
΢΢ͷ
ЦЦҼոһ𡣡
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Ҽˣǵӣ£һ֮ɫƺ΢Ǹ΢һ
΢ûб仯ֱӵת£΢Ҫаݻᡣ
ˡ
ΪԼˣǰ˾ȻҾܾµ룿
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΢ǲȻˣת£⼸΢£ȥݻᡣ
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󵨣ŭˣӽôһСãȥ϶ûùӳԣЩܻ
΢Ļ˵֮תߡ
Ҳɫ΢Ȼ֪Ĵ㣬ʵϣ֮ǰһ֮󣬾һֱڹעԷĶ
ԭܼ򵥣΢֪ʲôˣ֮⣬΢Ҳϳ˸ڵṆ̀Լ΢ԸӦΪ֪Լٵݡ
ʥԺͻص˿ջǶڣûʲôʣ⼸춼й䣬첻ڲ
΢ţڵأŴ⾰ɫŵȴǽ飬˵µɡ
һ΢뾩Ϊ٣ͱ¶Ĳɺ黭գɵǣطԶύʱ򣬽طѾү졣
ͽһĻƣԲ˵ɡ


һٶʮ һ
΢ѡһһܾԣѡ˽ط
Ȼ΢֪ƴǣȴƢͶĲˡ΢ƢܾҲԣҪʲô˭סһǰûб䡣
İӣ΢ҪҪһ½طֻӦٹ۲һ£ΪһûԼҲȻȹһΣ
ǸȻŮˣҲҪס
һȥͽطܵˣһʱ΢Ȼѹ֪ûⱾͲ

Ըո߼ݷõĹԱԼɳȥӵĻš
һհݷãԵɫΪѿΪ𣬶ԷȻҾܾһַܵĻ浱ΪԼô
հݷõ˼Ǿǲݷá
ôһС¶ãҪãʢŭ֮µ̧һ˦ͼһɳǸӵԴͷ˳ȥ
Ӿ㵵ı̣֪ӽĲûãԼֻܷû뵽
Ȩǰݽ档˵ͨĻӣǵʿڼӵжһ
ϢŭԷ֪ô׷ĪԱߣΪ̣ʱȰһ䣬ȴֿ˻
СӣҪ˼Ϊ֮ǰĳ𲻺ñˣû뵽ǼһҾܾ¡
٣ҲƷӣΪʿ䲻ɳйϵҪԸһƷ٣Ҳ¡
ǵľĽʬŪߣԺӣƬ̲˿лһ˿Ѫζôˡ
ɱˣҲ侲۹ܸߣȥ£ˣ֮ȥ΢ΪԷٵݡ
ԷӣƢⲻȥһ뷨ӱԷ
Ƶķˣʱʵ
ֻؼԵĲϣ·ģһ£ɣһţɨ˶Էһۣ£µĵŴᣬҲμӣһ÷а
µĻȻʱִ٣ֻҪϣӦÿԡҧҧڵĵӣԴţΪŴ󣬵Ӷ࣬ԴԴࡣֻҪͶԵõԴǿԵõԴԴϵϣٶȣ꣬ɳΪʦ
ʱĵλͻˮǴߣԾţΪڣܴﵽʦģᳬʮˡ

ڿջù緹΢ûмǻ
ʱһ׭ͬһ㣬Ӵ룬΢۾һץͽ׭
Ǳʾ׭ֻڵ鷳Żã϶鷳ˣ΢׭䷨з׭˦
·
˵꣬Ƿ׭Ȼͨһ㣬ͬһٷɳ΢һӶ
΢˴Ԫӵ洫Ȼ÷е˵΢ɵΪܷɵ̫ߺ̫Զʮȴû⣬΢ڿһɣٷɹڡšڿշС
ڡšף΢ҲڴԪӵĽ̵֮£ÿ峿ʱһʱ䣬ָϸڡš
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¥Ƿǳһ¥֮ڵҶ֪һҵ꣬¥֮Գһֺϣһķ˵Уɼ벻ĵرʳģʿ洦
ˣУʮа˾Ŷǵʿ
ڰ봿Ԫ֮ǰϴ֪⡰¥ĴֻϧûȻһٴ˵пɰķˡ
ԽȺһǰԷ
ĺ磬ռһʮֺõλáλȡܴӶ¥һľɫ
˷ԽԽ࣬һ¥оѾϯ
ʱʿˣȻҪԷһȦûλӣһ¶ϲ
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ȻˣҪԷֻܸһ뿪ǲλ
ԼһףٷǳԶˡ
ϴŵǴԪĵۣȥͨҼ˵ΪߣֻɵĴ󾳡
⾳ǵطһ֣ڲԻľУɵĴ󾳾Ĳʲôˡ
Ϊۻ׹ݻǴٹˣ뷽跨Щ˲ȱԴһ㣬ҲøԴΪȥ
һЩȨ֮ҵūͣɵľΪⲢ֡
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ǰٷְҪʺġ
ЩΪֻܿɵľȫƾϢж
ۻȻͨҪͶ󣬲Ǳˣǻһ񣬾һߡ
˭ԷԵĺúõģͻȻҪ뿪ˡ
¶Ҫ󵽣ǻûг꣬뿪ġҲȵһغ棬Ȼܾôߡ
ȺҪСһЩѾЩסˣһŭݡ
һҲ򵥣ǾóԶˣȻϲһȥ˫ִû˵䣬Ͷ֡
ʿ֣ǿǷͬСɡȶɵĴ󾳣ֻɵСס
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ʵҲˣն֣Ⱦͳ˿ǿбǿ֧ţҲֲ˶ãˣԷųļϻ˼Ѫӡ
һ֪ҪִǴ߶Ԫʾ׭
Ҳֻ΢ųƽϢˡ
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һ֪Щ˵ԼңɢҵеŴУ˵Уɵؾĸ
ھУʿ֮ͻ飬ֻҪû˻ܣǸ׷Ҳһֻ۱һֻۡ
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һٶʮ 
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ƳȻ˳ӦȻɣѲʯѻʯĽһʯͷǵ⣬⣬棿
ʿ£ܹ˵˳ӦǾǽѡʯͷǽĹ̡
ʱ֮ǰƲʯͷģڣ¥еڶʿԼҵĵ̣˿ҪεҲҪһԼҵĺ
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ˣԼʿҪΧһһû߳һͱԭأá
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һλˣ˼θ˸ʮǰ޵ɵ龳ѾǶˡ
һˣ̶ܴΪȣһ˵ãһǽԪãǴԪԻǵ˺ܶ๥ȻԻϵ;飬˳
һ㣬΢֪ԼǷ˻
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΢ûᱻ䷨סԼʿȽȰٺãȡӴԪ˵ҩǳ£ˡԼʿͺͱסĺһã˹Ħ


һٶʮ ֪Ծ֪
ͨĸûЧɣһֵɢ޳˵ʵͬʿ
ŵǧ򻯣ǸͲʮ֣Ȼиеͣĺܣǿõʲôͬʿһʿ˵꣬Ϥ˶ǴһȴΪλɢ޾ͨĸ䣬ǾЩһˡ
ʱƣһӣԼʿã΢Ҳûǣǣ⼸ʿ߷ҲǴ
ʱ΢֮Ťͷʿ΢ע֮£˾Ȼ΢סĽҲ꼱ͣһ㣬û
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΢ַǸԼҾСʿΪڵϽΪ֮ǰôһ⣬ǸģǸˣ΢ԪˣҲ۸
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ʵϲڶ΢Ȥкܶ࣬ڲ¥ЩʿȨ󣬶΢ʮֺ档
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ͬ΢䵱еİ䣬˿̵Ľ˶мҾūͣи䡣
ǽзԸ΢ֱӱԺ鷿鷿⣬֮ã湩˶д֡
Ժ󣬽½ͻȻ빬У·ԸˣֱϢƷɣǹ磬šк΢Ĺºܿ΢Ϳ²һ㣬ͷƣɵĴ󾳵Ϊ
֮ڣȻԻһ¶Ϊ΢óѪ棬ΪɵΪ֮ϡ
ɵµսͲһˡ
еʱɵʿñϣһ۾ܿϰ䣬ڳˣ΢ѪĸӦͨʿҪǿ
ȵλϹ뿪΢Ͱĵȣһ꣬΢ʼ´鷿
Ĳú£ǽ϶ֻлҪֶ࣬Ϊϲõࡣֵһ΢ʼ
ʱ΢鷿ҵŲûйϣ濴һۣϷ鼮ҲУʴīȾ̨Ȼҹ
ǽ鷿ʣ϶ǽˡ
ϻżֽ΢֮²룬һ΢΢΢һЦԭ֡
ϵ¶вŵֽȻֱ֮Ŷóʱ鲻ãϻûдİ븱֣ġʥ
ط֣΢˭ֻܳƵǺһ㣬дֵʱ˼ԸһͿ
΢ҡҡͷҹȻʲô£Ҫд־ģԽдԽҡ
ʾһԣ΢մմīȻʥڰдһ䣺֪Ծ֪


һٶʮ ͷ
֪Ծ֪
д䣬΢±ʣ룬ǽдֵһֽһ࣬һԡ
ı⣬Ҫ֣ýطԷ
ֻд֮󣬲֪֮Ծֻб֮󣬲֪ȥ΢Ҫ߽ġϸһ£΢ȫûбҪԼóȻȥ鷿Ѿǲԣ֣ⲻԼ鷳ôǽдֵֽһԡѾʮֽӣעĿ
طûл΢ʵǵȵģ߳鷿Ժ
ܴ󣬵ҲԺԺ£Ҳл԰ͤȻڼӵ͵ϾǻӣеĶС
·ǸϹ£Էǲ˼Ͼȴڣô˵ʧϹ¸΢´Ӵ֮ûл϶ʲôҪ£΢ൣ
ȥ԰ϢŪ÷ˣȥϹ»ô΢Ǻȥȥ԰
԰ǽһһ΢Ȼʱǣ԰ɴ൱á
һ԰΢еûʲô
ΨһĲˡ
԰һͤȻԶ΢ͨ
˽̸˵ۡ
۵ǡι֮۵ģȻıʿǴ󳼣ǹġɺϵǣһ΢һˣȻҲ̲Ʒλ
⣬΢Ȥֹ
ͤˣ˿һ䣬һ䣬Ĳɿһ˵ι֮ɷֻɷӷͬɷ֮ǰƽȣͷжȣ֣ʢ
һȴɷֻǹߣãɲãȫǿһ죬һʣɷ
˵֣˵ûʵǣͬƽ񷸰ɱȨ󷸰ʿҪΪţǲ˭Ҵǣ㣬ǻӷγʹγʹ˷ɷĪǣ㻹֮
һٷȻǼɱٶǸƿԣȻ˵ʲô־˵Ҳǲ԰
γʹ˷γʹ
Ҫ֪ˣɳפ˽ʮĶ룬м֮Ȩλ˹֮ϡ
˷ɳΡ
˵ɷҲŵȣ´ִͬͬԷŲʵ˵꣬һֻ̾˿᲻֪ƣ£̫֮ǿֻҪɵʿĸǳܸϣҹ֮ɷֲԼǣܿѵĻǷ˰ա
֣⻰˵˵Ͱˣвͷ˵ȻپƷ˽ⷢӣҪԴ
Ҳ£ȡ壬ҲۿǷǵߵڰײ֡
֣Ī˵еˣɳͳ֮ʮɷ˹ɷɷɳҲɷЩʿҲŹԼô˵ڰײأ˵һˣ֮ǰһֱʱҲ˱ۡ
žһӵô˵ҸɷУ˭гͽְ֮ѿеĹͷǴ»СС»ˣЩɵڣֻŹ棬ȴӷͣԴЩʿɱţֻǱлȥ䣬չؼ£ɳɷеʱҲִУ
΢ѾǸͬܣܼ򵥣һ̲飬ִɣʿǲ֮һ΢ǰնһʿ鷳ɹٳ棬ʱ΢ײԷͱ
˵Ȼһ΢ҲʿλȻɻһԸ
Ǿɷ
Ȼ΢֪±Ͳܡ
ող۵һ˵Ķԣɷֻǹߣǵصǳֵýˡ
һܶ΢ףһΪ˵΢ˣ͸ˣһԼʿеűôҲᱻ˵ϣ˵ɱɱ
΢ˣˣͤǸ˻ûС
º΢ûʲôϵ΢˹ȥҪǸԲ򡱵ѣԭܼ򵥣Ǹһ΢ֿ֮һ
巣ĸѧʿ̲䣬Ʒ˹١
һȻĶˣŵ񷨣һ΢һϺˣΪˣǲŻƢͶ˺ѡ
ϣҪ΢곤ʮ꣬΢ܹٵİǷ˺ܶ顣飬һˣһΪ΢ļǵã巾Ϊֱ̫ظһߣף˺ܶѣŽű¹ٸԭְҲΪ֮ǰѵľëҡ
ͤģ巣ʱʮ꣬緢˿վţţĲ޺йȻǶѣὫ巵Ļ⴫ǿ΢߹ɫһ䣬Ҫֹ巸̸ۡ
ʱ˵ԣɳʮӦɷΪȣͬҪɱͷʿˣҲӦɱͷΪҲѱ֮ģΪ֮ԸǶͷ꣬Ҳڡ
޴ͻȻһȳŤͷһȴǿ֪ʲôʱվһꡣ
겻ʮ꣬ƫƫһɳƣһ֪ǷˡҲһƢԷһ޴ΪΪԷԼΪԷղ˵Ļ
ʱ˵ȴǱ΢һ񿴵Ķá
΢ѳɣĿˣȻ練ơʱ뱻˴ţΪҪ׽ѣصһĸޡ
ͽ΢棬ȴУǲִֵܽ˼תҪ¡
Ĳ˵巸ոһۣһĻ֮ͱȥ己ȻԲ˶ߡ
巻û˵΢ȵ˵ɷΪȣΪɷϣ۾ɣӦ𷨣
ȻҪȥǳ΢ͻȻ΢һףһʱҲûӦʶľʹ
Ϊ΢ԣ롣
˵޴𲻷㣬޹ɳͳɷֵӣ΢һ䡣
巴ˣˣʵϺܺûشΪûйңûɳͳɷһĲֵ
㲻˵˵ûоԵ֧ţɷһĲֵ㣬ֻһζǿɷȴܴƣһζǿȴԸתⲻ˵޴ġ΢ȳ⣬Σһףƫƫһ仰
۱ƣǳ֮ϣЩһƷƷĴԱǾܱһ磬ƫƫڣ˵ˡ
ΪȻȴһ˿УһּΪĸо˼˵ľ
ΪʿԳʹΪȨҼͣԳʹΪɷ֮ϵֻ֮ǿܳΥ֮ͽ򣬹̸ɷǾˡ
己Դ죬ȵعʱѾ˸ոӰ
巳ĬãȻһĴȹЦȻˡ


һٶʮ 
΢վûеȵ磬΢뿪ΪǴӹлҲҪˡ
ݷá
΢֪⣬ȻҪæڹдһ죬ǿ϶ʲô£ʲô£Ȼûʱ͡
΢µûȷǳ˴¡
ط𶽰֮˲ӣҹһʮε˸Ϊܵĵ飬Ǳ˹ݺһƺõȦףΪסԼ
˵ǱԩĻҲ˵ǽѹöԷڱӻ̰һβһΪʮεˣΪԷó֤ݡ
֮ǰ飬ֻΪͼӴס
Ϊ˾ˣΪɱˡ
һҹûкۣȻ֪µԡ֮ͷβ𶽰Ĵ󰸣ΪϵϷ֣Գ¹ע˺ܶࡣ
Ϊ񼫣û뵽ȻǱõһ֡ûСǸεˡó֤ݣҲӦǧеȻһĺù١
֮Ǿ֡
֪Щ϶ӿѶȻնʾڡ
ˣǻھһҪҲ군ԩڲع⻹ãһع⣬϶Ҫе²ɱҳ
ͷȻ˾֣϶ڣ֪Щ
ΪңԽŻҹдƽľдʮ飬Ķƽ鷿оһҹ̹£ϰ참
ǽӣȻ֪;ءȻǺù٣ǾͲܺԩ
ֻʵķӦȴý׼硣
ţú÷ʡ
۵һطĽͷû̧˵
ʮ㣬ŭߣʵۣڡˣȨˣϾ˻֮һ˵ĻǾʥּû˸ҲһЩڵŵţʵǰҲԲҷ
˻ʵֱۣɳ˭ǣ
鷿һ죬鷿ڣڽ۶ĺ֮󣬲ų֮ˣ
˿鷿ڣڱûеڶˣ⻰Ȼֲ
ʱһӰƾճ֣·һڹ£֮̽ȷط˵߳档
꣬ɫûб仯˭ľ֣
ӦԣӰʵ˵ȻһĻǲµľӣһʱͱ˳
ĶһϵɫЩѿǵԼĶ˵ĲֶΣҲЩ
£ֶȻһЩҲʧֶΡӰʱ˵ȻǻЩ͡
ɨһۺӰֵվıƣϲ̨棬ԴСΪĿĲֶΣططլʺΪֱЩʱ̫ظƢҲӦòµľ֣ôֵģ
£֪Ӱ˵
ڷЩ⣬Ȼ鲻飬Īطﲻһֻʵ
˻ʶƲ¼ɣӷҲһ
ڿȻֶײУԤϵУƿأεķӦԳԤϣǲڽΧ֮ڵģڲϲѿز˵飬ǵͨ
¼ˡ
ΪȻƽôȻҲ
ǽ֪֣ȴǹⲻ˵ͱܾΪ˽⵹ˣôһֽ赶ɱˣһš
ط֪ǺŷֵģǺӰ
ôԭģΪȲ֪飬˵ľֺܾ֪ǽĻ̫ˣٲճֳǸողô˭ͨ籨ţ˵˭ڰ
ռ鱨£֣ò֣һ֮ǻʵۣȻ˺ͻѵ˵ҲУ
Ӱ£ΪӰռ鱨ˣ֪Ѱζˡ
һ˽룬˵һ䣬Ӱʮ꣬һ仰֪λ˻Ҫʲô˵ͷһƾʧ
Ϧ£鷿֮ڣӰûоκ˾ͽ뵽
һ£Ȼ鷿ǱҪһ˵ġ
鷿ûʲô״鷿ܿ죬Ӱ˷֣ڵʮŵֽϣ״
鷿ڣڰǰһֽ̯һֽͰ͵·ֽ֪һš
˿̣ڶһֽɫأѾаʱû˵
ֽд֣ãԼӵ壬ڻǺϤһ£ǿ֣Ϳ֪ĸдġ
һֽǰ벿ֵ֣ǳԽط֣֣֮ں죬ΪджãΪдĲá
Ҳ鷨ңȻܿԼдЩֵʱдΪ˾ģȻûгɹĺңں뵽Ϊ֮
ⲻʱص㣬صһص֡
֪Ծ֪
֮ã壬ȴǴ⣬Ϊһۿھͼȷʥ֡
ġܿ漣
ʥ漣Ҳ˵ʥддôһֽϣ˵ʲô
ھڿ⡣
Ϊô룬ΣģȷϣʮĺӰҲһ뷨ΪʥױдĴʣȻĻҲûˡ
ʥôֽдһ֮ʣ
ѵʥڰ
һ뵽ܣҲǾЩ˼飬ʥڵĵλ֮ߣλ˻ʶ˺ܶ࣬ʥѾ֤ɳʥɳڽдһ֮ʡ
֪Ծ֪ڸ߽Ҫܼ꣬ʺ硣
ʥĿн˭ܺͽ
ֶΣôһͲ˽̫ࡣôԼأʥվԼǱߣԼѵ׼ʥŸɣ
˵ʥֻɳƷɹ٣ȴ˱ʣɳ֮ڸǹϵӴĿɽ˵Ը⿿Լγһʥˣɳ֮УĻȨ͸
뵽룬ԸùڵĽ
ϵ֣ӰԸѾֶΡ
ط˿һ죬СɵҲЩԲ·Щģ֮мӡ
طڼΪټ¶Цݣطʮ⣬ϾڼӵУҲ֪ľӡ
ƽﶼһ࣬ôһ̬֮Ⱦ˴䣿
طֻ£ʣ֮Ƕϸϸ֤֮ǰǼ֤ǱԩģΪˣԸеһΣֻ󸸻ʶ׼ȥΡ


һʮ ˭˭Ӯ
İӣףѣطǷɹΪҲֻҪԼȥǾû⡣Ҳᶦ֧֣ϾǺ£˵͢ԩˣкñǻϲģҲǰϲġ
طæ˺ü죬û΢ǳպ΢һ棬ĻһΣ˽顣
΢ĿĴﵽˣط˶ʮΣҪȰڼ½ҷҪȳΪѡ
΢ӵתҲĿɿڴȻһһû뵽֮УӵлòٺôλԽݸүкøУģ䣬Щݺǽαɡ
ӽطȥϴʼ;ԺñĶ¡
һʱĺƽΪ¥飬ǻϲջţǱһèʵ⵹ʡ΢ٵ鷳Ϊʱ䣬΢ҲڷԼҵı
ԼҵҪھҵǵŵزѡ
⼸ԼûԽˣԽҪСģ΢ԼҲȻ΢Լλɵؾ֣ԼɢңûѣһúԲܲ΢ҲѣѣҲţ
˼죬΢ûеȵԼ鷳ȴǵȵһ֮͡
ҹ˾΢е㣬ͻȻ֮䣬иӦ壬ȴˮ衣
ҹС˯ˣĻҲϨˣȻûˮ΢ʿԪӽİֵУл֮ƾ棬ȿԵУҲһЩϣˮͷһ⡣
죬ˮ
΢һ裬Ȼӭ͡
վŵģһϯʿµɣ΢ͷμһ彣档һμ棬΢һҲһͬǣ˫û
Ĵˣ΢Ц˵ʱͬգǰ΢ɣֻƽԾӣǰƷ٣ݱֻ߲ͣΪ΢Լһ㡣
صɵѾãΪȹ̣ΪأҲսǿᣬһ֮аޡıƴ΢ԼҪɲһ㡣
û䣬㵹Ǳ仯ܴ󣡡ɿ΢һۣЦŲɽݡ
ϸոճݺõĲ裬ɫ΢䣬֪΢ΪѾԼ޼ǰԼǰ
뵽̾ϢһǰǸѵⲻ΢Ƕ⿤ˡΪ˹ٿأʥصɵ֣ȻкܶѣҲְģ֪΢
Ʒ٣Ȫ󾳵Ϊ
żꣿ
˶΢ɺȲ裬ɺһڡ
û˵ɲ˵΢Ҳ˵Ͼݷã΢ʶԷҪʲô
ã˵ˣͷһ΢΢΢ü
˫һʫİɣЦЦʵǿ˱˵İϷһ
΢ĺأ˵ᱻ˿ŶԣҪ֪ʥԺĻᣬð֮ʫǴ΢Լ˫תһ룬ɲСˣһ˽⣬΢Ǻȷһġ
ǿ˫ģв黭ɣ֮ͬŮӣ޳ңΪ˽⣬Ҳ֪ʫ˫㣬ֻΪ֤˵΢ȻЩſھ͵ռѾͷʫҲģôȥ֤
һ㶣Ȼ΢ܿ欵
£ûȥ֤΢ĲֻܿЦһȻҲӦףɾʥֵʫģʫĲҲûܽΡ˫ͬ㲻룬ʫʥӣǶϷ˺ܿ춼֪ɳԺ£ǽ˫˻ϰ
˵꣬΢һ·ӦԼ֮ǰЩ嶯ˡ
˫ʥԺһŮվǷˣʫľʥԺʥӣ̻˫۾˫
˹עǺ£˫ǰȻɽһͷ𣬿ʫԼ˫ģǾͲͬˡ欱ռңռҵıʥн壬˭˲
˫ͬȻռǲʮǧǱ˷ûжӦĲŻǺ
뵽΢Ҳһ亹רԼԼǻûпеա
һ˫ʵ޷һԾʥӵʫģǽͻᱻ˻ɣܵ˵ĿʷҪ֪ɳԺЩɶֶ֤˫ʵǲǰ˸߱ڳϮʫģǿǴˡ
뵽΢һɣһлרԼڻʱ䲹ȣΪʥԺʥӣɳԺ̽˫ĵףǾˡ
ɹһЦǿ˫ģȻģѾźˣòŵģֻǺ˵һǷһ顣
΢죬ɹĨǵ˵ЩֻΪԼǷһ飿
ɷ˹һ仰˵̫ԣ˶ظͱң㣬΢Ȼмɷϵǣﻹһˣһнɾͣ˵˵仰һƨ˵꣬΢֪һԼء
ǰ˵ĻɻǵãԼһǣڽ˫ˣƫƫ΢ڻûӱ粵
˵ĺܶԣԼһˣһ޹ɵˡ
ҲСǰԼһ仰ķȥ󣬾ȻͬĻ
ʵȤ
΢ΣɵĽһֽ飬һԼɵĽ飬Ҫá
ô˵ϧĸо
ɺ΢һˣΪһ仰뷽跨һسӣ΢ԼҲôԲŻȤֱ죬˽ɡ
һˣ㻹Ƿһ飬ˬɴ˿̼Ϊ⣬Ȼôߡ
΢ҲǲԿ飬ǽʾ֭ͻȻðһ䣺ĴˣһʫΣ
ͣ½ŲȻ֪ǵ뿪΢Լܣ΢׳ն̫ˡ
ߡ
Ϊʫȷ൱ϲ
פͷһ棬΢һЦ·Ƴұһ뽭´ߣͼҵ̸Ц䣬ʤһ棬С
Уʲôʶʵʳڣ֪Լ˵Ե飬΢ջܲˬƫƫһʫסôһڣǳԼ֪
ֱСӸסˡ
֪һ棬΢˵
΢һ֪ĿĴɣԵʫĺ󼸾䣺ὣӹ꣬׹ɽ񾪷ɣ糱ˮֻ̾˻ء
վͣãζ⼸ʫŤͷ뿪֪ͣ½Ųһ̣һܸˡ
糱ˮֻ̾˻ء΢ȻеУ
ȻһֻǼ棬΢ɶ֪˽顣


һʮһ 
Ŵٽˡ
ȻֻǶ̶̵ʮ죬΢ȴǽύѣһǽطһɡ
ʱǺ˼棬ͨˣ΢ʶ˸ˡЩ˵У΢һϤģҲвϤġ
½Ȼһ΢Ϥˣһ΢ûŮ˵ֻƬͷ·һûôһһ
ȷǹ¡
΢ŮΪ½ʱ̾ףŮ˺͵걻ŵġ½ҡѲ˸ϵ
һ΢ףΪһȥ½ҷˡ
ֻɲܽΪһԼû½Ȼ֣΢ʼ½Ȼĵϸ
΢ھûиҲûе֣ټСҲֻܸ٣½ȻͷƣɵСΪСܲ֡
΢Ҫ½ȻҲףһ֣Ǵݾߡ
΢зӡ
ҹɫ٣ʹһС̫һʳУһСԺСԺڻʹкܶ࣬һ㶼ǸһЩ̫Լܹ̫סġ
С̫ԺӣǰţӦСŶ롣
һķֵ̫ϣһСڶźƷ裬ţһ̫ࡣʹ̫ҲƷͨС̫ûƷ̫ͬƷͳ̫Ʒܹ̫Ʒ̫Ҳֻǹ̫࣬ͨС̫һ
Ϲ£ܹ˵ǽŷķ˺ܲһС̫һάʳаںô򿪣ǼСζ˱ǡ
ллܹܣˣûˣ߰ɡϹ°ڰ֣С̫༱æȥ
Ϲ´ʳ֮ڱϷһȡһžõֽ򿪿һӬͷС֣΢΢һЦȻ𣬽ֽյ
Ϲƽʮһ빬̫࣬Ѿʮꡣ
ͱС̫಻ͬƽĻͷԣеעһµµΪе˼澳УҲܴһƬء
ƽںߡ
ͨʮĲ֣֮ڹһ鱨磬Ȼֻһ̫࣬ƽǾ󸻣ýȫڳ鱨
ϲȦӶ֪һص֮֯ԽжΪĿڶ࣬ʲô¶ǡǴ̽ϢҶͶˣھؽ磬ûʲôǶ̽ġ
ֻҪǮϵ̰СĳС˽ɣ綪èȴСС飬ֻҪҡûд̽顣
ʵʲô˶٣õǿӻӣܲȻ¾˳ǮҲ͸¶֪֪˵˵ľʵۣǾصҲѶ
еߣֶΣǶ֮
һ˵ĵϸڶ˵ûκѶȡ
Ϊ̾ϵٹˣµ䣬пǡĶĿ
΢Ҫ½ȻʹҶɺϵǣҲ΢ĵϸһ欣һԡ
ǹΪӣ鱨Ϣϣȴǲˡֹһ磬ֻΪĴˣԲھؽ緢չ׳ΪЩٹˣڡܶʱǾǶıɡ
ǶԶְֺޣϣҪʱ򣬵õİȴԼİѱ䵽
ƽǶƶߣﲢģȴƽ﷢ġ
Լıƽ˼£ڶû̸֪֮ɫġĻ־ôһͨͨĹ̫࣬ڻʹԺС
˿̣İĳСˣСơ
ԣʥҵ欣ҪˣֻܰնĹأǸǮṩϢ
˿̣һĸһֽǰ߿˿üͷһ壬Ҫ̫˰ɣ
ֻǲһĵϸֽϵļ۸ȷ൱ߡ
£һˣǸ΢ܲ򵥣˵ǰڲ¥˵棬ԼһСʿ޵ҵԼңңȥνѾϽĸ֦ˡĸ˵
Цطʲô֦΢ϹۣǾöɣҰ΢ĵϸط˽⣬ϵˣԲύİǼɵ򣬻ͺ΢йأҵĺ£Ҫ֮ء
֮Գﻮãǻ˾޴Ѫ˭뵽͵ʴףý˱ˡ
Ϊ£ڻרѵԺ޵Ǹ΢Լ£˱Ҫ
˿̣Ժ֮ǵ΢ҲҶֻͱ˲һֱƽ
ϣ΢û֪ͨͨƽǡΪ˵ĺô
֪
֪·չ֪֪
һ΢ԩն֮ǰΪ̲飬ͶԶﰵнй顣ʮĵ飬ûЧ΢֪ƽĴڡ
һСƣϵͻȻһ紵ƽԭΪֶϸС۾гһ졣
ĹҲҰƽȻûΪֻͨˣȴ֣Ѱ£Ǳ֮ƽΪĻϴ󣬸ɵйҪʲôʲôвǿķ
˵߶ǷֻǷʮ֮һٷ֮һܣҲܶԸѰĶˡ
΢ѰĶؾİƷ٣ΪѴȪ󾳣˵ƽֻһ֣ô߶Ҳһ΢
ƽ֪һϴѾǰ·¶˹ڲϵ鴮
ˣﻹһöӡɢ⣬˽ӡһﻹץһͬһУ͸һɷ֮
Ͻ֮ӳ˷ɱɱ
ǰƺһӰƽ¶һ˿ɫԥʩչ似дȥ
оҪ̵Էһ˲䣬ƽͻȻоԼ·̶ͷͻȻѹ˴ɽһ㣬嶯ã˵Ƕָܡ
ǵƽʶ֪ˣֻ벻ףԼô¶ģɵΪ飬ֵŸ˲ԼһССĹ̫ࡣҪ֪ڻʹֹ̫࣬١
һӦԼ¶ˡ
˵ڤ˼뾿ʲôط©ƽ˿ǱߵӰ̧һӣϵȼһΣðɫĻ硣
ҲﱻɫĻӳļΪ졣
ƽˣһź۵ɣȥʮᣬͶ֮䶼͸ųȺһƣɲװװġ


һʮ ƿƽ
ƽȨƤӵ׳󡰶Բͨˣ٣˵ıµһ
˭ܿһЩǰ꣬ΪˣԿ϶Է򵥡
Ȼϵ΢ȴû·ϵٹٷҲȥϢΪ΢籩¶Լĵϸ
ƽִص鱨֯Լأò˶Լĵϸͻᱻƽڸ׳죬ⲻ΢Ҫġ
΢Ǳ˴ţòҲһЩٴĿǰ벻΢ˡ
΢ƽһΪҪƽȥ½Ȼĵϸһ棬Ҳ΢Ϊ֮еһ㡣
Ǿƿƽ
ƿƽҲƿˡļֵԹġжǿ΢˭ڵġȻǿᣬǳǿ״̬ǿʱڣӦʮǸʱ˻ʶԼһƷԱǨְ
鱨棬˼£˵˽ʮɳܶ鶼ӲĶĿ
֪̫ƽνһ鱨֯չֵز붼ÿ¡
΢ŻһҪ
ΪԺǨ벻Э˵СЭ΢·ߡ
΢ڹ۲ƽһȻ֪ƽĴڣǲûмˣ΢ǣò̫࣬ʲôطͬܽչֵزʮʱﲻ˲
ͬƽȻ΢ġ䡱Ūöã۾ܿҲڹ۲΢ǶԷʲôˣΪʲôԼǣͿӹһ١
˶û˵ôӡ
󣬻ƽסˣô򿪾棬ʲôܱʲô˵ǿ٣ԴӶԻУ̽һЩ鱨Լжϡ
´̫ƽ֪СֵôƺΪҪΪһ̫ࣿƽʵĺˮƽԷ֪ԼĵϸôʲἤŭԷǶԷ֪Լĵϸֻɺϳһ仰Ҳûκ
ƽϸúദĻﲻͬ΢Ҫ룬վϷ磬Ҫֻǳ׽ƽΪá
ҪշһˣҪôƾ飬Ҫôƾ棬ҪôԷѱƿ
ƽ΢ûκν飬ģзӡ΢мƻһ죬ͼһƮϣһŻһȻצķƽ
һζãֻۿɵԼϣȻ嵱С
һ̣ƽжŤˣͳһڲӬʺһ
ʿʣղʲôöȻڸоʲô۲ƫƫԽƽԽûס
廹ܶƽ
΢˵ˣ£ղɷ׭壬۲ֻҪҲͺûһԣġ
ƽһ⻹ұ£ҷģѾǽԷ˸飬ֻҲֻˣȻʱԲκβԼ
ֻһ̫֪࣬㣬ܲ˵ףҲۼ֪Ϊʲôƽʡ
΢ɲֻǴһӣȻմűоƣдһ֣ȻҲһˣԽϸԽãʱһ㣬Լ
˵ֱ꣬ʧ١
ʱƽϵĸʧЧӻ亹û׷ȥΪףԷӦһޣҹȥ׷һΪĪĹޣбô
ͷһϵּƽ߶½Ȼ
ּ£ƽһƨϣתǧأ˵ʲôζһСĽϾΪͷͷСĽһٻˡ
ǽ£ȫ֮⡣
ڶ֪ô£ԷΪʲôԼû˵һϻƽڼ㲻ʿܳɳʥƺͼıֲһУһЩʥҲˣҪʱֻһöӡ
ƽϲƿһеĸоϲˣϲɽۻϲһεߡ
ǽ죬еĵԺķ顣
Ǹֱһ仰ʣ͸ԼʲôԼһˣ˵ʲô
˵Է֪ԼĵϸҪʡ
ԼԸղǸȴһ֪
µģƽ￪ʼ˼뵽һзֶΣӵоǵʿ˶ûе鱨磬Ҷµˣεġ
ҪһˣǺͷţֻҪʱ䣬һܲ
׳־ոðͱһˮһˮǶԷԼʩչ
ǲԷĵϸΣ
ֻԼĸ죬ƽϲܣҲǸ꣬һֱԼǶ֡
ʮƽٹˣʵۣǶʿЩ˶ֻǡӡǸ߸ϵʵڣֻҪԸ⣬ɿڶԷ֪£ԼŪڹ֮䡣
Ǹ꣬͸йɽ֪ɽߣǸ꣬ɽ
˺ܾãƽ̾˿Ϊ֣ԼûѡΪǰֻ·

ֻѡ·һ·ʮֱ
ջ֮ڣ΢壬ͬ㡣ƽ΢Ǻ֪֮ģһ֪϶治ƽò̫࣬Ĳָ֡΢Ϊ֪ߣƣΪܽƽѹƣ΢Ҳ֪ƽƿһʱףƿһѣԼΨһģǱ־Եѹƽ޴ֻ֣оԼΪԼá
΢˼·ˣƽֺ£ȴǲò΢½Ȼ
˵ڶҹ΢ڶȻ֮ǰ΢۲̽ȷƽûʲô塣
ƽȻֻһߣҪ˵ûʲôԱֶΣ΢ǲŵģһռ˳䲻⣬һҪСһЩȻԺСƽܻṷǽ
ʵϣ΢߹ƽ͹ԼСİϧ̶ȣ˵ڵƽȱٹʮ꣬۾Ͳôױ΢ˡ
ڣ΢ӣƽֱӶһڣȻһôܷŹң
ģ΢ֻ֪ƽֶΣԼҪģǱء
߾ߣ΢תߣһ仰û
ƽǿֹ
⣬΢ʹ򿪾ڿ治֣΢ȫΣһһŻȼգ˸ɸɾ
һĨΪصϢҲɢΡ
һУ΢ǺЦ뿪ʧҹգƽƺӦʲôĴǽϲһƺ߸߾𣬲룬Ƿˡ
ţۼҵ뿴˭Ц󡣡


һʮ 빬
Ȼ鴫ֻһʱ䣬ʹ̽½Ȼĺܶ顣
ƽܴ൱Ư
˵˵֮ڣ½ȻҲв٣΢ֻһ֣ƽƶϳ΢Ҫĸ
½ȻʥԺѧӣǰѧĲɳڣıǣǰͶıʿýΡֻǱϵĶҲܲĶȻҪһ㡣
½Ȼգǰƾճھڴ֮ǰľһ֪ǶҲ鲻
Ȿ˵һ£ﶼ鲻Է½ȻԴ⡣
½Ȼ֮飬ﶼ̽һ
ύȨ󳼣ұЩȨ󳼶
¶£ھаߡ
һǧ¾ദլۡЩլۡȴ˾סƫƫûнǮ·Ǵһ㡣
ÿ³һʮʮ壬¥Ȳ裬һװʿĴͷ
Щ΢ԼȥƽˣЩԼǶѲǵڶ죬΢ȥƽöԷ½ȻӴȨкĿģͷĴĵϸ
ƽҧҴ˵ĴӦ΢õҪĶ
ύȨǱʲôرģܽͷǸЩͷְػʼұ⡣
ʼұ⣬дŵĶʵ۵˽֮вһЩȻǽ䱸ɭϡ
΢ƽ濴֮ͷһʵ½Ȼÿμ˵ʲô֪ô
ƽһ࣬ʱЦҡͷҾͲ֪ˣܲߵǰ͵ɡ
΢ƽһֻı飬һƽĿɿڴ⣺룬½Ȼܼ棬Ϊ¡
ƽһۼиƨĹϵǰδ̽ϢǮүĻô˻
⻰˵ֻһͨ
⼸ƽҲ͵͵˼ŸְæԼ壬ûзӽνġֻǽƽջ;⼸Ÿû˵ûв˿ߡ
һɵƽԷʩչĵ϶൱Լҵ⼸ӿ϶ΪΪԲſŵǵ£ƽҵҲЩˣΪǲĻΪ˱Լ֪Ҳû̫ʿѣ벻˸Լ䶼첻
ľӦۼһӢû뵽ᱻǣűߡƽһ벻΢΢һֱƽ﷢ëڻǲԾſڵҾã½Ȼ϶Ϊ
΢ЦˣͻȻƽͦȤ
΢ڿƽֻܼӲͷƤ½ȻŮ˲ȱǮµǼլۡ˵ǮǽĵλҲˮǴߣ˵ܻ̫ԣܿǸҾãǶͼĶĿ꣬ܿǻʡҡ⣡
ĸ֣ƽһһġ
΢ͷҲôģԽһƽ⡣
ʼұʲô
ʲô
ۼô֪ʲô
ǿѹͷƽʵ˽˱⣬ܳΪ˻ʵģʱھͱɳɵ۴ҫй֮ˣǲɵҲԲʵۡ˻ʵı⣬ĺöȻʤʲô˼ۼҲ֪
˵⻰˼һЩǶҲ鲻ڶЩ¾ܲҲ˻ھһǲĴһǣǺǻԵġ
΢Ȼƽ˼ûмʣϸŵ飬ҲʣǸ˵ɣ
һӺ΢ɳƽСԺֱʳĶȥ
Ȼ̫סĵطҲǻʹֻΧ˿΢ҪȥĵطϵĻʹ
ԽһڳǽѾǱ֮ǰҼȫѪԣߣһЩɵʿ
֮ʣɳжеλסĵطȻͬСɣ΢ʼС΢к̨̣ǱԴ˻֮˵ԨҲס
΢û·ıģôԪӽڵĵɱϢϤ΢ˣҲ΢ڵĵϸ
СбҪģǸոգ΢ͿüɵʿڻʳǵУǻʵʿʹ
ɵﲢʲôƽ΢ڻʹؾǴﵽͨľʿУ˵һʿءʵѾЩһɵһ޶ҪǿһЩ
ϾһЩɵڣδзʿ
ڵ΢ɵؾʿһսΪٸһģ΢ֻĶӣһʿӵĻᶼûС
Ȼ֪Σգ΢ȥһֱ̽΢½ٲȻŮʹͼı
΢Σǽҹɫɹ˺üؿǰǻʼұ⣬һ˽εĴڰٲ֮⣬΢Ͷ㵽һϡܼǰΪⱦΧи˲´󣬽֮ڵɷߣ³ҡ
Ԫ󷨸֣Уʮ֮ǹ󷨵ģԾôԪ洫΢󷨵Ҳǹڳˡ
һ۾ͿⱦΧ󷨲һ䣬ʿر𿿽ҲиӦе˲УڶǿóȻ룬̾ͻ󷨣ɷɱ
ɷ絶ͿɱУһһɷΧǺòˣ˵һ֣˵ڵ΢ΪٸߵʿҲѵ󷨡
Ϊˣر࣬ϱһʮˣƽ΢΢֪طǴĻʼұ⡣
ƽ˵Ǹڴ˵
΢ı⣬뷨Ǹ̽һЩ½Ȼ飬˵Ҳɣ΢ûҵǸȴⷢһˡ
½Ȼ
ȻҲ˿̣Ůװ磬Ůװĺһһôװ΢ϳ۹ˣ۶Էα仯΢ͨƺϢϳ
˳΢һ
Ůôܵ΢ðĵһ⣬ڶ⣬ǣȻΪ˻ʼұ⡣
Ϊ΢֪Ů˵ΪɵС΢ԼϢ޵ĺôΣ΢ڵֹϵĪ棬΢ʵ̵õĹ
䣬ġ
΢½ȻŮΪʲôʱŮ˾ȻͻȻѣʩչΧڵء
û֣Ǽֻȥһû֣΢½ȻӴľ


һʮ 
ҹɫ֮£½Ȼ̧֮üѪǿزֶονǸΨһվŵʮֽţԿڲ
£˵³֮ᰲȻĸᱻͳܵһ󡣡½Ȼʱ˵
˵꣬ٴӻȡһᣬڵϣ䷨
һ紵Ǿӿ֣һͬһӿ΢һⲻǡǬŲơô˵󷨿˲ϢǧͬƾŲһ㣬Ϊ
½ȻŲĲһˡ
Ǹв֪ʲôطŲӰ֮΢͸о·һͷ޳һһɼΣ
Ϣӵ΢š
󷨵ĹӰɢȥһƾճ֣ǸᣬѾǷɻ
Ȼݼ½ȻʱǸ΢óڵ½Ȼ͸ղǸһҲں¡
֮¶ȴһȥͲĵʿ
ôһʿȴ΢ܵǰδеΣֻһۣ΢Ϳʿͷ֮һơ
ɵ󾳣Ϊ粻ʲôֲȻ΢һ޵ǡɵ
΢˭ֻģŻͷһƣһԴˡΪ΢Լľģܸ̾о
⼸΢ɵʿҲ٣ǵһμԼһĵʿ
ʿϵϢԼҪǿ̫࣬΢ָоԼ˶ԵУжŲס
ѹΪȻӦͽɵˣ΢ðôһͷʵʿ˵ѹ̫ǿˣʵؾʿԶˡ
Ī壿Ԫʦ˵ɸǵУõı壬һ޵ţ˵̥оͿʼεɣĸ̥Ϊ죬ɵԲŻ塣΢һ£ֿʿֲΪ˶ȻǴ˵еġ塱
ԣ½ȻŽԣģɵ
ֻ½ȻʲôϵΪλ͵͵ʼұ⣿
΢һʱޱȣٿȻͬ˵üĿ֮һ˿ʥ֮üһƣͬһպϵ۾һ˫۾һеĿ⣬˿ɨһ½Ȼһۣ׼ˣ
½ȻæǣѾȫ룬ɷȻǿ󣬵ȻѾҵһѷ˵ķӣӿɽУֻҪһʱڷر֪
ܺãɣ׹˵꣬ͻȻɨһǱߵĴ̧һ㣬һĻ½Ȼ촽һȻ˵ʲôһͼһ߲ͬһĹһǸѾڣһ̯Ѫˮ
ɱ˲գۣͬһֻ΢һ㡣
У΢Ĵڣ΢ϿĶ
½Ȼһ˿̺ΣҲҶ˵ʲôʱڵ˵ʮ˻֮һǣ¾Բ©֪һŲͼ߾ŶøɳŵģҲһɱɡ
ǡ½ȻЩ飬һߣǲٶ˵ֻ̾ϢһȡһУڵǼĿڶһ¡
ô졣
Ȼǰ֣Ϊ˵õⱦ⵱йںƵ˵λõĲͼסǳﻮѾãԽǿҪɹԽҪСĽɱ⼸ΪȷϢ͸©ȥˣɡ½ȻĲ̣ʱ򿪿˵
ǣӣ½Ȼ˵ͷУʼŵǬȡƷ䲼
΢ڲԶϣһͬҶ֮ϡ
ȥͲû뵽ĺǽϣǶʿİ΢԰ٷְٿ϶Լһ֣ԷԻɱ֡
ԼݣԷҲмɵ֮ǰЩ˲ҶԼΪûаսԼһɱ鱩¶׷հǰ˺ԲŻɵ֮ˣӸЩ˲֪˶١
΢ӡĺ¾ϣˮ顣µԼΪݾͿöԷɵĴҲ±֣ǴԼ
Ȼûһ仰΢ˮֻҪȵ뿪Ϣ뿪ͺá
Ͼ͵⣬ԼиƨĹϵ
΢Ƶˡĸ̸֮ı⣬ˮж룬΢춼Ҫۏۏˡ
Ϊ΢֪Ƶˡ֣ŵǡؾֹؾΨһصĹ٣΢֪ҪأֻŹ
Щ΢һģֻؾͺƵˣѾǾ֪ˣ΢ΪˣżȻ˵΢ǰԵɺ֮´ҰɢŪһŹڡؾͼ
ΪһŲͼ⼸΢ҲϵĴڲͼϧûκη֡
֪½ȻȻΪˡؾĲͼҪʼұ⣬΢ôܲĶ
ˣֲҪѹΪ󾳣ͻƵؾԭΪء΢뵽мޱȡ
΢֪ԼǲȻðķգһСľͻҪ鷳΢Ҳ֪ԼܷŹᡣ
Բܣ
ȻҪɣǡؾͱȻҪŪ֣ۼֻᣬ΢һҪץס
ν
ʱ΢Ҳһ˵ĳڴһλŵӣ޳أڿһԼ˵ǸŵӦþˡ
Ҳ˵һķչȻɹõвͼȻ޳ء
뵽΢˼תĥܶԭĻԵʱ½ȻѾǽ󷨲úãһ̣ǰۿɼĳһѷ졣
ӣѿٽ룬һʱѿھͻԶպϣʱ뿪ͻᾪʹ½Ȼʱһͷ㺹ȻΪƿػʼұĴ˲
ܺãȻһȥ˵꣬½ȻȻЩ⣬˼ֻǴͷѷ죬ֲһϢѷ䣬˱·Ҳ޷
Щ۷΢۵ġ
΢˹ȥԥǴķ϶УȻѾ⣬Ҫᱦ⵱еĲͼͲκԥ͹˼ɡ
һӰ任΢֣ԼǴ󣬾Ȼǵһ޴ޱȵĶѨУͷұٸʮɣǰͨͨ
΢ոսⱦ⵱УԶһ޺


һʮ ǧһ
ͻȻĺ΢һ
һǰ洫ڲԶǰ½Ȼһͷ˶޼޼ΪǿһԶȻҲǴĲɿƼ󣬵ضɽҡ
΢Ŀɿڴæһ䣬Ϣ£ˣ΢Ǹоâڱ
ãԼˡ
ɨһ΢֮˿̣ĳ޾ǵһʱѾȥԸ΢ˣ΢оһ¡
ԭ濴Ǹ˽Ǵֻ۷ıһĿռ䣬ͨǴѷ죬ſɵ΢һת޽ⱦ֮ǼΪֱǹһ㡣
ط󣬶ҼûпصĵطԼ̤̾ͱ֡
ֻ˵ʱܾͲԼĴڣֻװ֪Է׼Լֻ֡㲻㣬Ҳû뵽ⱦ⵱Уرޡ
£Եĺ£ǲ޾΢Ѿץš
ᣬֻת˲֮䡣
΢֪Լûʱ£Ϊ˵ǰΣҲһ΢ûһ˿ԥǶۣ²鿴
Ըʵұİÿһжһ
˻ʵĻʼұ⣬еĴŵĶȻǼֵǣĶ΢ٿڶۣ˵ҪǡʵˡĲͼ
ϰٸ΢Ŀɨ˸飬ֻûзֲͼˣ̻ߣ΢֪ûе֣ͼһֻûаϰˡ
£΢ͽһЩһ۾ܿ׵ıųʯǵҩʯͳͳֻװĺӡ
Ȼ΢ľУۿȥľеоȻ©˿ϢȻľв򵥡
΢Ȼһһľв֤û˿ԥȥһӣͽľȫǬС
֮΢̴ͷѷӳûһ˿һ߲ʯûпһۡ
ͷر޼ȫ̽΢ıֿ־ŭǣԷȻ˾ϣκһóȥ޼֮ԷȻһ۶ûпĪǣԷĿĺԼһΪǲͼ
ŭǣķչһԷΪȡľУҺ̾ߡ
εΪȻ֪ⱦ⵱кʵ˵ĲͼǱȻľ䵱еһ
ŭˣԴӳͷϾͶž޴Ĺ⻷壬ǿʦ߾ŵƽΪ˵Ҫ÷Ҫꡣһ·޵˳˳ˮ޵ĸһɵģ̶ʱ䣬󾳣ٶܼҪصĹؾΪˣ˵Ƿ伮̽ã̽ؾ
Ϊ˽ʼұ⣬Ҳɷѿģﻮã̫ѪۿҪɹû뵽·ȻɱһˣȡĹʵ
˵ĸ˶ϵǻһͨũۿձʳҲ衣
ԭŪ̫󶯾±ʹ֮ڵĸֲ˿ҲҲ˼ɲһüƾȻǱһŽ⣬ͼȡһﵣƺ֮ǰȻͬ˿̵ͬˡ
սرһֻɵԳͬش󾳵ʿһʼҲѹ½Ȼ򡣵Ǵ˿̣ʮΪԳϻ̸ۣоΣգҪߡ
һͷѣȻҲӣһɱӶзﵺݺȥ
ͼһͬһԳͷŵûɢæ̧赲һԿɽʯֱ֮۾ȻǱҵ۶ϡ
Գͬɵش󾳵ܵشҽһ̾ӡ
ȻҲˣԼʿĶ֣ٴȥ׼ҲûʱȥԳûʱȥܸոռ˵½Ȼǳ΢뿪ķ׷ȥ
ԳһҽУԭžĻʹǱˣһʱУͨڽᣬʹ֮ڵɵʿҲǾʹϿҲʣǵһۣ뷢԰׵߸ڿУһ˫ӥĿʹκη紵ݶĹ۲졣
ҲɵʿȻΪ
ۼΪǻʹΪߵģɵˣֻһ
΢ӳ⣬ͷҲأطСʱҲ׷Ҫ˵ٶȣҪ˦΢ֻ֪֣׷΢
ѾҪ裬ﻮã̱˶ĻԵԵڱصá
ϣҿӵδ˿̻⣬зһָһҳȥ΢мɣ΢ѾǱһѹȡ
һ߼䣬΢ڷӦԼȪ󾳣иֵһᣬ˵һоͿԽԼɱ
ҲǺ޹˼ɣֻ뽫΢ɱװŲͼľС
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Ϊ߾ŵĵӣӵ壬̤ɵȻвʿҪߣƾΪһǿķǿġ
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ԥ֮ʣͷŴѾֻ̧֣ʩչһʹܡ
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ûԥʩչֱӻһ⣬ƾʧ


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ץһͬ۾һ
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ܿ죬ǶפڳĴ־ҹǣЧڻʵ۵ʿҲһֱٴС
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ջ֮ڣҲǱ泳һţźվŵǻȡ˶һǸ֪ΪΣ־ˣÿջסĿ˶棬ܼ顣
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΢Ϊտһʱ΢ͻָ֮һѾľ
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ѣòǸ˵ͱ¦ӰɣǼһõ˸ɵȻҧۼңǿɾ֮֡ƽȴϢ֪ͨ˴ʼұ⣬ԲŻˡ
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ԹŸȻ΢һ٣ЩɥҲջǱǴӻʼұȡľӡ


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Ȼ˿ԻڶʳҪ֪ʢ֮ʿǵ֮ժӣȷǲ˼顣
֪˭𣿡ʵ
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飡˵꣬ϣǺӰ˵ͷȥΣʧ١
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һʮ Ƭͼ
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ƽʱҲˣ΢ҲϺü첻ļ¼βһ֮ڳ˴£ֱϣĴ£ͺ΢йء
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΢յҲоգûб˻ɣΣȴһͷ˹ȥ滰Ȼǲ˵
ûмˣ⼸վͺúҲ̫ƽǧҪǣˣҹ𣿡΢˼䣬ʵ
̵δ飬һˣǸҲ㣬˵ǽҪ̣˵ڱչŻȥҿӣƺͦż
΢ͷ˫ԼӦûʲô£ɽרԼǾЩˣ΢һͽĹϵûкõ޻̸ĳ̶ȣԼ֮䣬΢ʱԼ϶Ǻ½Ȼץйء
£΢ҲŪ˾ϡ
˿컹δ΢֮ȥһ˽
һû˯ڶȥ˯΢Щƣ룬̳˵
ȵ˻ط΢ȡǬ÷׭Χһ󣬸ϢСȡľС
΢ܿ϶ľûбֽţԸСĵʱһҪСġľж󣬵ȴϺõľɣΪ£ȻСȴѲס΢׾ƿ
һľд֮΢׼ǱĶŪüޱȡ
ȻǺʵ˵Ĳͼ
Ҳһţţ֮ϲ΢ԼǰҰŪĲͼȡһȶԣԿ϶ͬһֲͼ
ƬͼѾƴճһЩˣ΢ͼӦֻĿƬԼֻһͿԼ롣
һ˲䣬΢Լֽһ
ò׽ס΢Ҫͼƴ֮ĵΣǷҳʵ˲ر֮ء
ȻУͼҲ֪ʲôɽĳڸǣֻнһͼܽ⿪еܡ
ľ֮ڣֻƬͼûƷ΢ԼһҲľУȻǬС
΢֪ԼڵɵΪɵ󾳣ػһС磬Ҳһص飬ͿԵ󾳡
Ҳ˵Ҫץʱ䣬һҵĿͼƬͿһء
жǿ΢֪ɵ󾳣΢￴̫ǿˡ
ȫɱɵش󾳵ʿֻ󾳣ǳɾأٿԶԸ߳󾳽ʿ
Խսɵֲ֮΢ѾţһԼɾ覷һоͿɱͨˡ
¹룬Ѫڡ
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˴֣΢˵ڶľУðһɳ챦⣬Ҳ΢ǰú˸󣬷һɱѱᱻ˲
գ΢־ϲϸȥľ֮ھȻһǮ
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ûǽǮͭǮһС֮ͬûƽƳɵģȥʮֶĿ
΢˿оǮֵһ£εʮöǮ
ٵһƬܿ죬΢ǰϰöǮЩӶһҲǽĿɿڴ
΢ȻͨǮܵʮöǮͲˣϰöȻܶװ档
СͲԡ
Ҫģ΢һ£ܼǮ·ǮǮ޾һ
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ǺñͨҪǮʿҲҪôһҵǮԺԲٵûǮˡ
Ȼʲôͷļֵ΢ԼԪķչٵȱǮˡ
΢ڿջɵЦŵĽǮʱʹ֮ڣͻȻʲôһĴȰѽһվǽԱ߼̫๬Ůŵûɢڵϡ
ˣǬǬʮܵĹӣʧԵľﰡˡ˻ʣ˿ȴܻ˵һӸ㲻ʲôζ˲һ㣬ʮܳĹҡ
Ǿһ˵Ŀ㹻֧ʹʮ֧ԼС⣬еĽƳɽǮȻ·ʵǬУӦʱãҲһ͵ߡ
ȻǮ֮ڻǾһۡ
΢֪ڵֻܻ֪ӽٲΪˣһǮԺǲˣˣóǮɺԪ
ŴԪӵӣԪĵطҲ̫ˣ֮ǰȨͺ΢˵£ֻʱɬ΢Ҳûӡ
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⼸סڿջУ΢ǣҳ̫õĶϴŵ̲ޣִܴŻǮճĿҲʡʡڲõˣ΢ţͷջǵСʮջƲˣΪ̫һû㣬Ǯˣһһĳˡ
Ǯʲôʲôʲôʲô
΢ѾĽջȥһ֣ʣµʮöڻһţȻʮСһĽ飬óȥҲԭģ󽻸ͻǣʲôʲôʲôʲô
֮΢ʱӦѾˡ
΢´ˣûѣΪѹû˯
鷿֮ڣǼյƴӰҹٴҹšϤطȻ֪鷳¡
ʲô鷳£˽Լû֪


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طȻΪ½Ȼģǰҹ侩ǣ־£ط֪˴£ֻû뵽¾Ȼ½Ȼйء
֪ʱΪ½ȻŮҹһš
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ӻʹ֮󣬽طһԣԼӵУʲô˶ʲô˵Ǽ˲ٽͺš
û֪ʲôֻ֪ʱ֮󣬽ĵһ仰ȥ΢
о󲿷˶֪΢Ǻˣֻк֪ǽʥԺĻϽύһˣĲɳڣó黭
΢ʱ򣬳֣ܼ֮ͨ̾΢鷿
鷿֮ڣطվڴǰЩį΢ֻǿһ۾һ
ֻǼûطλȻ㲣ȻϿʲôߣ΢˽ط
ȻԻĳ࣬һ΢ֹһμĽû뵽һּˡ
ˣ
һ־ʧ⡢޿ʹϵһһ΢ΪһطΪ½ҷȥλʧȥλŻˡ
ڲˣǽûʧȥλʸΪλӡ
һ˲䣬΢ƺץʲô
֣ˣطͷһۣգһ󳹴ĸɮһ㣬΢̫Ϥˡ
£΢һȻһٸ棬ȴûѯʡ
ʱطӻ֣ܼ˳ȥ鷨ֻ֮ʣ΢طˡ
΢һۣطֱӿżɽ֣æ
ط˵飬΢˵ļľû뵽طΪһ¡
΢Ƭ̵ʧ񣬶طȴǳƽǿԿеһ˿Ρ
ôطһ䡣
΢ŷӦȻɺ棬ǵͷֻ˻һ񣬶˵ֻСһ׮кβɣ
ط˵ͷлˣԺһһֻȥĵطЩ⣬ʱЩȷϣֲҪ鷳飬Ҳ͸¶䡣
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ڽ΢絽һ죬ֱɫŻ΢һ
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䱸Ϊɭϣ˵ÿرѲڵҲһһЩرжѪǿߣɵʿС
ĸ򣬴˿̶һֱ̨һʿ
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ĵط˵ˣͷҲ˳׼¶ˣ΢һ·߽Ρ
ط΢찡
һ΢ԩεУϤ֣Ϥĸζط΢һĵأʵΣ΢Ҳ˵ʲô顣
ʱϺ΢϶һɫĶ񣬽κòڵסһ·߹ûп˵һ仰ӦΪݡ
ֻصס
΢˻Ҳ൱˽⣬ϾһΪ˳ʮأ˵֪ˡµֶΣСֱ΢ס
ǰŽԼΣھѾ֪ˡ
΢Ҳû˵ʲôѾˣ˵ЩҲǰ׷ѣǰ߽طҲһСطƢ΢Ǳ˭Ǿͷţ
һһΨһ鷳ǿ֪Լһˣ΢ԼҲ뱦鱻˲
طԼʲô΢Ѿ³˴ţЩԾЩ⣬ϸһ룬־Ӧ
ûط뾡취Ϊ˼һ½Ȼ
ΪʲôԼط֮ǰѾ˵ĺǾԼ˻һŻ֮ǰ΢֪˭΢֪ˣǸ½Ȼ
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ηĽʿƵģһؽ˵ֻͨͨľǷҲӳȥ
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ŽһˣʱüСֻаʱΣʱһ뿪
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ǰη½Ȼ鵭ȻεУŮǰ欣ͬһе⣬ΧĻ룬һ΢ҲǼΪ
֮ǰ΢֪½ȻΣһ΢ǰ̾˿Ů֮ǰҲɵСΪͷƣڣѾ飬ɵΪɢˣ˼أǲնҲӦû˶ˡ
Ŀǽߵ½ȻʱӦ̧ͷ۾ηˣһ˲䣬ԭһƬʱһ
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½Ȼûж۾ȴǶŽطɫдһ˿ᣬִһ˿ɻôˣ
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ΪӳΣĪӳʳǣ
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طʱһ˿ᣬܾȥҲա
סڣ½ȻͻȻŭӵվطýΪһŮ˵ԸʶĻ
û뵽½Ȼᷢ쭣طһʱĿɿڴ֪
һ̣½ȻǻһıȻм±ҪһǱӵ֮ѾˣǷ˵Ļˣڶ½ԩѩˣҲˣ£ϣ³ɾ˻֮ϣȻȻ޺
˵꣬½Ȼתǽ£߰ɣѾ˼ң㸸ʲ֪ܲȥ֮󣬵һʱ㸸ʣ˵Ѳ߾ŵӣָɵȡ⣬Ϊɱңװң¶ʵ飬һ֮Ӧܽҹ
߾ţӣɫ͸һ˿⡣


һʮһ 续
½Ȼͷ֪ط룺£ɾ˻֮𣬱̣ӣҪԴΪأҪҿ֪ұɣͲҪΪɵ£סɴߣӣޣƶϣɴ¡
ط˵ˣȻƴҲܽ½ȻȳȥͬطҲΪİŮ˲һУŮĶḶ֮һ档
̣Ҳ̡
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ȻһɣطٰУ˵һ仰
½ȻȻһЦã
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΢μ½ȻҲӦһˡ
΢֪ط½Ȼ֮͹ϵ֮⣬иһĶ΢ûж˵ʲôûаοطҲûк½Ȼ˵
һԹߣΨһģǻһõĻ
֮طˣĿɿڴ½ȻˣҲһ֮ɫ΢һۣΪϵĵһл
Σط½Ȼ˵ģȥڣ΢ǵڻʹ֮⣬һʱطų
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΢ǮȻǲƴ֡
طȶˣˣˣҲֻ˲˵һЩﻰ֣ҵطãõб˵ߣԾͳԣȾͺȣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
΢һھƣ˵ʲô˵ɣ
֪ߣҲطһЦҾ˵ˣ
ˣһھ¶ǣطҲ֪֪֪ԼŮҪȴֿܾ˭˽⣿
΢˿ھƣû˵ʱҪ˵ֻҪͺá
Ȼ꣬ոսʥԺҺʶˡЦҵһοͶˡ˺ܶ࣬ҲǷܶ࣬ȥд̿дңȻ˶֪Ǵ̿дʧܣɱ˲֪ʱȻҵ˴̿͵ĵΪ£ϻ˰̡˵ʱ΢طˣˮ˳䵽ƱУȻ־𣬻;ƣһںȥ
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طˣĲʡ¡
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ȻطһûпǾ½ȻӦûҪأΪԼ衣
֪ҪԼѡһʱ΢ƶϣǽ
طҲˣԲŻҪһ΢ԼҲȥһѡ
΢ڸһ£һطʧ⣬ÿΪʧȥ˻ʵʸ񣬶Ϊ½Ȼ
½ȻŮ˵΢ڼԿ϶͵걻ųն½йϵһǶ½½Ȼ˵Ǹ½ҳԩѩ

ʹ֮ڣһ˼
طոմ΢Σ֪ˣͺ΢Ԥϵһ⾩֮ڣ鲻顣
ո֪ϢʱΪջ˼úóͽһطȵط˵£
طʲô⣬뵽ֲֶΣҲּɵġ
˵طʵģһҪġЩǣǸطһεʲôͷ
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ţ½ȻŮܻ쵽ߣôҲԣ½Ȼ΢⡣
ֿжڶ޶ԣܿ죬΢ĵϸͰڵڵİ֮ϡ
΢Եһ۸ڶļһﶼ˼ϣ⵹ʡڿİ֮Ҳе΢ʱ³
ʥԣȷޣڿһƬ£΢Ĺ۵ı䣬
ŴԪˣ
Ʒ׫٣
ҲǴһ΢Ŷ󣬰дҲʮɣԵһȻټҲûУͬʱһţؾΪ٣ôܣѵ΢ĳλ޺˵˽ӣô˳ɾͣ
Ĳ˵ȻҪĳжѣѵؾɾ٣Ҫ֪ٵžŵӣһ㡣
Щνţ΢ȻʧɫţʮҲĳŵŵӣٸһϵմӣҲǵӡҪһƷѾǶˡ
΢ˣұЩŵӻҪ
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ֻƷȻѾ˰Ʒ١
˵΢Ĳɻߣͨ黭֮
һ£ڳɵˣΪ˻ʣѾԳָһȣмߵİ΢ԼԶˡ
˵Ϊ˻ʣ΢⼸ݶ޷Ტۣ΢ᣬ˭֪ٹʮ꣬ٵƷ˭ܱ֤΢һ¥Ϊɳɹ١
üͷû뵽ֻһߵˣջ񣬾ߣжԼ֪ĸˡ
ڳԾǱͬ΢ĵϸҲĿɿڴ֪΢٣֪΢Ȼһš
ջǣˣΪʲôͽߵô
ʹ֮Уĥʱ滤һ½Ȼ֮УԾ


һʮ ĥ³
һҪԾ˵󲻴˵ССϢֻ֮΢΢üηضʲôԵģ˹ηУżȻɱߣּҹֵأնףϳΪ߽⣬һ½ȻˣҲˡǱߺúϳͣ˻ʵӣҪġ
˻һ仰ɶͷ
˻УЩҲϣҪûʲô˵ġ
½ȻЩصжֵһᣬܿͽ·£Żص䣬ˡ
˵ţ֮΢ھ˹ȥزԣһҲĿɿڴ
ˣ򵥣ҲͬڹһЦȻ΢μӵŴģˣԪһʲôɣǰû˵
ΪҲ͢ͳȫŵĴ󳼣֮Ŷʮ˽⡣ȻһЩССɣδҲ֪ɴԪͬϾԪǰҲǷһʱ
£ⴿԪɲİ֮꣬ʼҲ֮һţʦǴԪӣ˵ʦԪˣɵ۷ΪֻһͿƽٳɡһڣҲһȡ
ɵ۷壿ɣȸ֪ܲһ䣬һЦǴԪӻţµȻ֪ϧⴿԪⲻ꣬ǴԪӾĪʧ٣Ӵ䲻ЩͽͽûһбµģⴿԪҲ˥֮ǰѾƲӣһؾʿûУŶ㲻ϣ²֪Ҳ
ԭˣڵ˵ͷ
΢ȷϾûг򣬱²ΪΣ֪ڵƢԣʲôԭǲר˲һˡ
ڵҲûʲô΢طߵĺܽ˵ҲҪ£ˣ΢ܾˣУط΢͵͵ΣԾͲ˲飬΢ʲô·ͼı찡
һǵȻһЦľַش֮΢־ʲô£ӦûʲôδԶҲ޲ǳͰ˸΢ӽĻ죬٣Ҳ޻ء
ڵ˵ͷҲ˼

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΢һۣǷֲͬ
طƺб仯һ˫ԭѶĳʴȵ񣬴˿̱ļΪ䡣
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߰ɣطһ·΢ں棬˿쵽ʱ򣬾ͼһƥͷӴ˹ӣǴӹĴ̫ࡣ
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ˣҹһƣΪȻУ֪˽£ֻһ·ߣȻ֪Ȼ¶ɫ̫ȥҸʣɡ˶٣طȻҪߵ·ҲУҪָϲҪո¶âҪҪɾ˻ʣ
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Ѿͷ΢ҲΪΣط˵˶΢ͬУŮ˵ǷǷ˲ûҲûӾܾ
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΢Ȼʿּã˫佫֮ŮҲϰȭŵֱͨҪá
˵ҪȥݶºȾƣ΢ջݶͲ΢û˫ԼǷֳһţݶ
ִ磬ΪȻ˸ĲҲû𰡣˫һ壬΢ЦĲص޵ĲɼţֶҲߣһ̤Уҹǧ˵һǴʿڿնУҲǴ࣬һ㣬ҾͱȲĲˡ
΢˵ʵҪ˵սɵŵܼҲǿ֮ǱĳɵգȻʥɳǰλ
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΢û˵ĻϾص̸ףŵīͺֹǧ򣬵ֻ˳ɹһʥһֱһɡ
뷨ܹǺõģ˫ȷǼвŻδزص
ڶƷ֮ʱ΢ͻУŤͷһԶƮǿޣ⼸Ҳ΢Ʈ˹


һʮ ε˻
˫пˣƬ̣΢Ǽ޹̳˫˵˫һȴʲôûпϻޱȣ̲³΢еġˡʲôִ磬Ҳ뿴
Ѿͷ΢ûӾַܾųһ˫۾ϣڶ
˫̿ǰҹ֮£ƮżɭɭӰЩģϾνĿˣпѣҲпǵС
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лǱľƷؽ磬鱱ϽΪ׶ԱҲǼΪӣѰĹѺĲ£طֻɼСȥɾƷԳ
һΣǰʹεѺ꣬˻ʶ飬Ȼ൱ӣԱĸһ´γ
л֮һ
ҹǾʹ׼ȥʹѺ
ʹοɲѰ֮أ󷨣Уǳ˹ҲӳΣлǲĹѡ
ս뾩׼ǰʹΣ·ȴݶȾơ
лǹ˵ѰˣһʿǶ⣬ǶԷһϢһæ鿴ոƮԷȻϡ
ɲ֮䣬Է޵ǹҹΪͱҪǿ̫ࡣ
лΪߣҲ󾳶ѡ
ǰλȪ󾳣лһ󾳣ǿлǰľ
ֻѰޣΪٸߣҲ壬ǶԷΪߣٵĹٷǸӵĿ
٣ٷƷͬжӦʽƷٷǺºڻѥƷǺۡ˿̶ǹϣʹŰƷٷлһ㶣漴æǰ
þƷллٴˣлǲ֪Էʲô·ǹٷ٣û·Ҳαٹٷ׼û
΢Ҳھͷһμٲͬ
˾׫΢΢ҲԱš
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΢һʣ֪ȥѺӦȥѺ½Ȼ
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ִˣʲôл˼㣬ҲΪĶ˵Ҳ쵽ⶫǸã΢㣬Ƕ΢ԨŪƷ
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лһ࿴һۣȻִԣӦհ죬ֻ˻Ѿ´飬ҪϳҵȾҪͨڣҲޡ
΢һüͷһ壬û뵽ڽһȻ½ȻŹ
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Ȼ΢ҲڣϾ˻Ҳ֮ܲڣ˵㡣˰֣ǾͲ˵ˣϾҲΪһƷٺ˻ַ
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ҲԵط
ԸѡɱҲԸ裬ȥ̣΢ʵĲ̡
ֻģҲֻлǼúһ£ܾ;
뵽΢΢΢һЦȻ˻ʶкˣǸô죬ô죬λѺ⣬һ·磬ϣϣɡ
΢˵꣬ǽлǼȡ٣лǼҲѲ΢˵ܼ򵥡
ֻ·չһ£ΣǾΪˣһСæܰġ
԰ư֮£΢˳ȥл֪ʱ磬ҲǼæǣæʹΡ
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壬΢Ϳ˫һ˫֪ʵĴ۾Լ
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½ȻΪ˽ϧһ˫ҲǺ۾½ȻҲðɵһ˿ʺͷߺޡ
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΢˿ھƣŻʹڵķҡҡͷȻҸһѵ
˫⣬΢Ҳû͡
ȷǸ½Ȼһѡ⡰ͲлϣԴ˻֪Σҵη½Ȼǡ
˵ǰ½ȻɵСʿɵΪ߽⣬½ȻǺͳ˵Ĺ졣֣½Ȼ֪Լˡ
Ҳ׼飬ʱһΪأлûвһϢĴлϷɳ뵽½ȻǵС
£½Ȼһ
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Ȼ⴫΢µģ½Ȼ֮΢΢һЦ漴ȻͻȻ䷨
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ꡭлɵˣһʱﲻ֪룬ǾʲôҲΪ
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Ȼ΢Ҳϵҹ΢ٱ£ԳΣλ˻Ҳˡ
ͨл͵͵½Ȼݱ䷨΢һʱ嶯΢ѡǻôΪ΢ԼӦóȫ½Ȼ


һʮ Ŵᣨһ
΢ڣһڹܲͷϣԼݱ䷨ԷûƾʵݣھǻԼҲֻܲ²⣬ҧסţ΢˲Ͼͺˡ
һ޼ɵ
Ϊ½ȻŮˣҲΪط
Ϊʲô˵ΪطΪ΢ע⣬ȻԽط½ȻĹϵֻỳɣԼ½ȻС˽źƭһͬȥ½Ȼίлȹ½Ȼ
΢ԤϵûڵһʱͽĿ䵽΢ϣΪ½Ȼ֮ˣֻˣһǽطһ΢
ˣطӦÿųϾ׿ڽл½Ȼ΢һ²ס
΢ӡһӾ䵽˹ȵס
ͬ΢ǰλ˻ʸˣڵȷûƾʵݣȻ΢˰ɱ΢Ȼôֻһȥ̽΢ĵϸһ˶΢
΢ʲôʲôˣȫҼЦ⣬Ҫ΢Ϣ©ȥ
ּĴһ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ǴǸ΢ˡ
Ҫ֪΢٣ڣҲûӶԸ΢Ҫ֣ҲӰޡڱϾ˻ʣλ֪ҪƷٸ˶٣ֻҪ΢ڵķ紵ȥǸСС΢ȻǾٲά衣
٣ҲΪһ΢λ˻ʡ
һϽһ֮⣬վ˭һߣֻҪ֪ô
΢֪΢Ҳܲ³ڻôϾһ΢Ϊ˳ʮأλ˻ʵԸ˵൱Ϥ
΢ڻΪһûƾʵݵС¶浶ǹĶԸԼǶԼͬʱʩһЩѹѡ
Ҳǹ٣ǹپ˹ܣֻҪ΢ʩչһӰͿԼپٲά衣
ڹϣ΢Ȼ˭˫ңƵ룬ҲƵǽ΢ˮþǲ
˭
ʱܿ͹ȥ΢ʹԪʽŵ£ͻĿɿڴ
˵΢ֻʮ꣬һŵ´ϣ΢ǳŵʣꡣ
Ҳ룬ȻҪμӵŴᣬȻҪʽһЩ֮⣬ȶۣų֮һ뿪ջ򻤹ȥ
εŴٰĵص㣬ǻ
΢Щûھ߶˿ٵ˶Żķȥ˵ʿһͷ֮ϵҫǳ㡣
ʿɣȻ෱࣬һ·߹ȥһ㶼ġ
ʿǷһͷŹޣǱʿһֻûŵǣһīɫ۵ĵãһֳַһֵӿյģһϵãôһϵãȴߵʿͻ᲻Ծ·
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ȻǾİҲ֪ǵŴӣҳţһײĳλʿǿɾʹ˴
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ߵ·ͻȻ˺΢к΢һҲǿ졣Էһһµ۵ͷ뷢԰׵ӣɷǵķ緶
СѣϵһЦһ
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ʱ΢Ѿ㲣ڿɽһۣµˣԷ΢۶˽飬΢¹ס˼գµҲ̸
ϵѴ󣬵Ҳһţ΢֪ϵ¹۵Уϵ£Ҳֻˡ
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Ȼϵϲֻ΢ǵ໭Ƕܼʮ̸һԭ򣬵ʱϵϵƿԪӽ΢ĿָһϵΪϵ΢֪һ㡣
һûټѣ΢Ҳ൱ˡ
ϵΪҲܱμӵŴᣬʣϵΪûʸ֮ڵĵţľûмˡ
СѷɣҿΪҲðϵ¿΢һۣǸˡ
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΢һЦϵ˵ľƣϵģǾɴˣ΢ȹڣѾоҪˣ⻹΢ɵͨˣһھ졣˵ϵͦףͽȴǱĲˡ
ϵ΢ҲãȽܸϵʿϵʿɨһۣȵСѣӲɾͱض
ȵĿǰԪõģϵҲ⣬һ¾Ϳˡ
ȲС죡΢һ䣬һһģȻѾǲ֪˻
յſڣ΢Ϳ߹һȺˣЩҲ΢һ¶ɫ
΢ϳеļԼҵʿ


һʮ Ŵᣨ
ȻԼҵʿǲʣһȺʿԼҵˡ
ԩ·խ
ɨԼʿһۣ΢ͷһͷߵƵСʿʣ˶ȻԼΪߵʿ
ˣҲ;龳ʿЩ˸벻΢ۣÿ
СʿҲڿ΢дһ˿⡣
˶ӣϵϳɾ⣬ȴû˵ЦǺǵվһԡ
ȻȥͬԹۣԷǸҶ΢֣ϵҲɱ䡣ϵȾʿԼҸƨ㲻ϡ
СϵҲ죬Ҳ˵ɱɱȻھ֮ڲ̫ǶԷȶ֣Ǿˡ
ֻµҲ֪΢ֶΣ𿴶ԷСʿĶδ΢Ķ֡
΢µпһ˿ηģ΢ָΪϵƿһϱ֪΢Ĳң΢ɵ飬ĿǰΪֹ˴Ԫ⣬ϵ֪
΢൱ķġ
Ǹ΢ԼǸСʿ˵дŲм͵٩
΢ͬûһұ΢
ãʿЦһԼһСϵģ԰ɣ
û΢ûϡ
ĺƷӣֲã˻ʶ㲻΢ΪҲ֪ĵϸ㲻ǴԪţٵҫôǣԼҵﲻ˻ʱܶԸ㡣ҲΪԼҺ۸һˣԿһҪֻǾڵŴϼɡСʿ˵꣬ݺݿ΢һۣȻԼ˽뻤
΢΢΢һ㶡
漴ӦӦڲµ½ȻԼйأһ鵽ԼϸԷų
Ȼڵ磬ս֮Ҫ˻ʵݣѹ塣һ΢ͼʶüˣò˵һ׵ȷЧҲαϾֻǴԣҲѵһɶ
ڣڵֶѾЧԼҵ˶˷紵ݶҪⶫԸԼźܿ죬вҲ뷽跨ԸԼֺڣϾ˻ʣԼֻƷ١Щ뷽跨Լİѱһץס㣬ȻһĴ
Сѣʲôʱڣϵʱչʵ
˻ʣбµѡ΢һ䣬µȻ˵ڶȷֻƾ²ԸԼԼˣǸڰѱ
߰ɣ΢ͷ߽
ſڣոвʿ΢Լ˶ŵһĻһЩ˲֪΢ǺҲҲһЩʿϢ֪ͨ΢֪Ϊ¶˻ʣ¿вٴԣ˵ܶ࣬˵΢˴£Ҫù
Լҵǹ²˵˵ˣ˿ȭͷ˵Ҳһ߿ȻҲһ˿ϾԼҵˣһ嶯
΢֪ԼҳҪϣΪ£ҲΪ¡
濴ȥ󣬵ǳʾ֮ȴǷ澹ȻǱж죬ĿһǰԺбƽĸۡ
һЩʿûпеİأ΢µһžͲˡ˶һȣȻһͬʱֵ
һּΪĵݴһλɷ˱˵һɽţݺɽ֮еǧʱˣܶ˶֪˵ǸطûӰĴɽͿƶ˵ĸ߷壬ûǧӡ˲ţ͵ȡЦλɣҲЩŵ˵һɽǰǼɽѰ˼Ҹۡ԰е֣߲һɣǰʮҲˡʱǹɾ˵ҵɽţһȡЦ˵˵ǹǰһ˲˼鷢ˣǼɽȻһ֮±ľ޴ޱȣգ֮䣬ȻǳӰĴɽɽ£ԿһŲɽ䣬ɽӭ͡
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΢ͷʿȻǷͬ죬֮ܳΪصıȻǸǵġ
һߣԼҵԿŭδΪԼҼȻǲ˶Լҵʿ֡Ǹ΢ǳֽѵǷԼһֶΪҪ֪ɵСһЩҺŵУҲˡԼʿ࣬һȻԿޱȡ
ҪǣΪ¶ӡ
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֪΢֮Կ֪ö֮ȥҶԷ鷳ˣǽѵ˶Է˵Ҳǵòʧ
ԼȻɢ޽ķˮ˾ηԼҾʲôˡ
Կ
΢ƫƫԼȻǲ֪Ϊʲô˻ڣһ£Կϣ
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ϵľһεĵŴᣬ֪΢ԪʱԿһӡ
֪ŴᵱУŶ
ŵȼɳƶģҪҪֳ£ʱԹԿҵĻᡣ
΢û֪˻ʣǾһᱣ㣬ҾڵŴս㣬㣬Ҳ׷ǶͲءԿԼ
ʱ򼸸ʿ˹Կһǰк
ԭԼҼǿ׼ңֵŴᣬӦúú׽׽ԺҲܻͨޣǴͷʿЦ
ܼҼԿæǰкܼҲһСɢңǱԼһҪӴܼһ󣬾ȻڶƷ٣Ȩƺܴ󣬽һϵܼҿ˵ϣԼҿҪǿĶ࣬ҿɽҲӲ
ຮѼ䣬ܼұ˵Լղżſִ˭
磬Կһջѿڵ˭ǿɼǵǴǸ΢ɣ
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԰ô˵ԪţһԨϵΪҲߣ󾳣ôСˣܼ˵
˭֪˵ǼðġһЦ˵Ǹ΢ʲôΪ
ëûСӣжߵΪҿǾСܼҼʱЦ
Ҽ֣Ǿ󾳣ֻһ䣬ͽǼסãǳԼһ˵һĺ£ʿǵڲ¥еʿ֮һ
䣿ߣСѣһŴƣֻҪ΢ҪƣǾͿԽԸ֮ǰҪǩ״ģʧַҲûӡܼһ󾳵ʿЦ˵
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ԭһ壬ǶЦˣūŲǶ֡

۵԰
˿֮ڴСһϰţǧʿۼ۵԰УǧʿۼﾹȻ˿оӵȻһЩŵʿǶзޣɸնҲдŵʿųһƬţӶնͬһ㡣
ȻôĶǴţֻǼΪɢ޸ˣڣīɽڣڣո
ⶼ֮ڶڣˡ
źɢ򲻸ʵʵվڵϡ
΢ĴԪµ˵¹۶ڿλãȻվʲôطνһЩСҲǰ档
΢ͷһμʶֳ棬ǧʿһãһԣϴŵǸ·ۣҲǿķĴ裬ơ
˵ʿ֮ͷˡ
ؾʿ࣬龳ҲУĿԾһǿޱȣ߸ϡ


һʮ Ŵᣨ
ЩʿһֻҪǳؾģɱ΢
µɵСʿ˿ҲǱ˵ϢѹĴ˵µˣʿֻҪ龳֮£ǴﵽؾʱҲһСºˣᴥŭЩޡ
΢Ȼֻɵ󾳣Ϊ޵ɵԷǵ糣΢ɨ˼أǧʿУûзһɵʿ
˵ɵһɫɵʿ֮٣µ˵¹Ȼ΢ɵΪµٿǰʮλˡ
Щ֮ڵĶţ΢Ҳ˿һֻĸֱڣīɽڣڣո
΢ϤĿɽڣɽȻҲǶţȴڣԲţȻҲμŴᡣ
ĸţ΢ȥҲǾøɫ
ڣ΢ڵӴ죬£µķ࣬ӽ²ŵģٵϴŵģŵģһЩζʮѵõķ
ķ࣬ۼΪĸŵУȴһ
Ϊߵһ̤Ʒһзʿ΢ԷͷʮƣɵСѾǲˣǺŵĶʿΪͲһЩ
īɽڣ彣ÿһӶ棬ΪߵһݵͷͷһѿȥͨͨЩõ˻ǽòǲϸΪֻһͨš
΢ۣóͷͷ֮ϣʮƣɵСΪ
ȻҪλҪࡣ
Ĳһͷʮ˵ƵʿǷ󾳵ʿˣֻһ֮ңԱոжɴŮʿǸͷʮߵƣƺҪλѷһ΢ȴãŮʿΣա
ϾŮСһִһţԱһҪ
ĸźˣ΢Ҳ֪ǵһμ΢һһļţҲƶϳ˭
λɵСһƷáīɽǸȥͨͨţȴ˲õĽޣ˭ֻ֪֪нϣĸģ겻֪⽣ǰѾˣ˵ʱ޵һһɱħīɽڣǱҲĥֻ࣬нĽա
λ󾳵ʿҲ൱˲ãǱʦˣΪߵһ΢һ֪λǱ뾩Ϊ֮ǰѾƽٳɣڵɽһ
µţΪɳɣִƵŵƽ̣֮£һɣҪôǰɽ磬ҪôɽִƵš
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ʿǿˣɡ
΢λѾˮˣҪٳɣҲǿģ֮ѹΪ֮£ӦδҪߣȵ˿Խ
ƽ̣Ʒ⣬̫࣬һ
һոŮޣ΢һոҲ֪֮٣ֻ֪Ů˳ƺӣһˡ
˵ոŮɣеȫŮˣҲǼɫˡ
䣬΢һƺҲйôһεŴᣬ˵ʮŻῪһΣҪΪᡰơ
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غɳʹͣҲڵ棬ԾĹĵţҲᡣ
һ֮ڣǵֻǵǵǵʮһǵŶʮ
˵һǵţҲƵģֳĵŴССϰٸܵõƵģһ붼ﲻ
ԣŽơ
˭ҪֻܶˣʱǸƾ¡
ʱ򻤹صˣҲһ£˾ķСΪҲֻڵǱѷһͺոĺһΪ
ҪǣĻйپ˹٣ҲλһƷ˭ӣ
һԭһЩҲǰ
ش˿̻һȦǳǱһ񣺡Ǳ֣
Ǳ񣺡ҲΪһ
ֶԺӡ
˰ãոĺҲǵȻ
ϣԡضԽȻΪ𾴣ȴΪҪ꣬⽣ϵѾһٶˣ⽣ϣǰѾ߳ƣǰ
ϺǺһЦû˵һ
ϵܣˣֶڵĶùЦЩˣҲǼе̣ſ˵ƽƽһҲֻǱѷһš
ΪĴţƫƫڷŵк
ĪǣƲҶã
֮ЩҲøѿֻǿһЦһ
زų˵λˣ
Ĵţһһļ񣬿ɶźʿǾһͬˣϾ۴ΪǴӵϣۣȻһһȥ
Ҳʲô飬ϾҲĴŵʵ
زŵ˷ŴᣬҪ£һǰɳ涨µţʮһΣһΣǵֻһڣһΣ˻ʱͬɳԸŶһŵ˷ϴƣλͬҪúץסᣬΪⲻ漰ɳʹͣ
˵꣬ʿмĦȭƣȷһǶһŵ̫ˡ
Ͼźܶ࣬ȴǼ٣ܶǿ֮ˣȻҲѡţҲѡһǣǣϵŲŻῼǡ
Щ˵磬˵֮ڣž٣ʸμӵŴģҲаټңܼǵö˵ģô
˵Ӱʿ˭£
˵ܴﵽšһǵţɳҲÿʹͣʯҩıҪ֪ʿţëԴҲǼΪȱʹͣһŵĵֻԽԽǿ
ңһ£ǽЩԴһϡ
ŵϣô˵ٶȣҪ˿ֹ
·Ķ·ģĶģӿٶȣôȣ
˭ϽǵƵڣҲǶ¼ΪӣҶһε־ڱصá
ͬڵƵţīɽڡոڣһҲŵ־ڱصá
ŵֻ˭ܵõǾǸƾˡ


һʮ Ŵᣨģ
ŶŵǵŵƣЩеȵźССɣȻҲ˼ﶼܡ
һֻܳڡīɽڡոԼڵС
ϣǡǣܸһɣٲãǣһǵһϯ֮ذɡ
֮ȻŴᣬͲֶܿ顣
˵ƣһεŴϣؾʿ£ġ顢ʿɳųö
ᵽֵʱ򣬺ܶ˶ǺһͣΪġ顢ʿһֶ¶˿ȵĿ⣬һЩȻȻ̫
΢Ҳһ㶣֪ʲôϾһֻͨ˹٣Щ֪Щǲ֪⡰˲֪飬һ΢֪һ΢˽⣬ҲͨԪԼһá
ƫƫû˵
ǿ΢ɻվһԵµ˵Сѣǲ֪
΢һ֪ϵЦʵ󡣡
ȷ֪ô˵ɣǧǰھڤɽУһɵţڡŵеʿΪ򵥣һͨӳΪ˵űڰȴһаţɳͳ£ɳɶŸɣ󣬱ɳɷڤɽɷɱ°ʿıǳ˺ǵʬ⣬ˣɷӡǵĴ󲿷ΪǲܳɹҲֻأǶԵ˵ֶΡһײģʿ¶档ǿԽеƣֻҪУƾʵͻԵԼɳɷЩʿڵķӡӶǵΪֻƷֻΪؾµʿһڣ˵ƷƷԽһڣӶǿʿΪʿ˵ǧѷĻᣬһӶɹǿǵֵϰ޵ģ˭Ķϵ͵
΢һҲǰզ࣬벻顣
ϸһ룬֪ɳֶжôֲˣһаʿľ޴ţһԺɳжԵڣȻǱɳɷӡǣӳӡȦ׵ĸ򣬵󣬶ⲻ˱ɳʿӶΪˡ
Žвпᡣ
΢Ҳûɵðһë
תһ룬ԼҲɳʿĿǳɾɳɹ٣ҪǣԼΪڲɵ󾳣ȫʸȥ
ȻҪȥġ
ͬϵԣӶ˵Ϊȥޣ΢ԼΪȻƽơ
Ȼ΢ͬ뷨ʿ̫ˣһһŮʿ۾¶ŨŨںոУһںͬһµŮҲǰ߬ȭ
īɽҲвĦȭƣһĸߴ󣬱һƿ޴󳤽׳Աߵͬʲô
ؾµĵҲһ˼ǾǾȫ顣
һߣҲڳΪ֮ΪߵһȻҲҲҪĿġ
Ϊ·ΪƣֻҪﵽؾʿҲûãԻ϶һĵ뷨
Щŵصģǵơ
ɵǣ΢ҲһţҾ΢֪ԪǰҲǴԪӻڵʱţһΣŵƣ޶ֻдǰܺʹԪȼ硣
ЩǴԪӺ΢˵ģ΢ֻ̬ȣϾ΢֪ĴԪʵǵ˼㣬ҲɽŻԣģֱǲֵһᡣĲ˵ǰֻһ󾳵Ԩ棬ʵţ
ֻ΢ˣȻţɵΪ󾳵Ԩ
΢޵ɵȻֻо󾳣ȴǿԺСʿӲƴʵϣѾǳǰԨ
ԣ΢ҲҪᣬܶᵽƣǾֻܿʵˡ
ʱվڸ̨֮ϵĻʱһ˦ʱʮöҫǰ
ϵ£ֱƣƣƣƺһơ
ӡӡ˵ǹʶĿɳʩչӡǾٵġ
һ˼ѣ΢ӡеȻޱȵϵҲƲƲ죬˵ƻѵõķ󷨣֮ڣܸıɽӷˮ֮ƣö
ȷǺö
΢ҲôΪģȴΪۣʮϵıֱǴۣ죬˵ŵ˼㣬ȵ鴮ϵı⻹Ҫǿͨڤɽ˽Źϵʥ֣Ҫǿᡣ
Ȼɳɹƣɳ֮
öǾһ΢Ц˵
һҲ˷΢󱳣СүţǴԪôҲŪһһƣ˵ԪʮǰҲһţϴεĵŴᱻһŵĵŰͷȥǿҪ
ԸֱڴԪ꣬ĶǴԪѾǽԪԼңΪԼȻ˭
ģ¹ʲôĺŵģƣǱһҲһǣҪϡ΢ҲǷº׳־˵󻰣΢ڵɵΪǺֻҪ΢Ը⣬ʱͻƵɵС
΢СѰСɵ˵ǰ΢ƾ󾳿ԺѰСԵУӮ漫ĻôڶСǾʮþȡ
Ȼ΢Ҳ֪֮Щؾʿţ΢ǲģϾ̫࣬ɵҲԽϵ΢޵󾳣ҲǶ֣أѹϵ
أôģҲǳﻮѾãҪȡعĲͼ
֮ɵһ·˵ɵҪǧ򱶡
΢ת֮ʱͻЦôĿƺûнŷ֪ɵŸҲҸ֪һ
΢תһվ߰ʿǴŵ£֮֡
졢ءˡ
ӦӦϣغϣ˺ϣʣӦþš΢ɣ˵ţžˡ
ԩҲͷ΢֪źʹԪоԹҴԪԹҪһ㣬ϾǱŸ΢δŷһûҪ΢ɨһۣΪߵģҲһС
ҲԼһˮ׼΢ԼңȻҲš
Ԫ΢ҲûкɫȻоԹǾҪоԹӣòŸʲôɫ
һû뵽ԷǴԪˣһ㶣漴Цмͱġ


һʮ Ŵᣨ壩
Сʿŵ˿̵ҵ˭ԭǰ°ܽԪɻûнɢأԨϵأûСǴĶĳģ
˵꣬ŵʿһЦ
΢ɫ䣬ȵ¾ŭˡ
üͷһ壬ǵ۵ҴԪš
ǵɲŽɢأУ˭°ܽ˵׼С˵ԼĽš
ȸС˭
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˵Ҫߣ΢ʱ򿪿ڵҴԪһһ㡣
ƽƳ΢һۣͳһ仰Ŵ֮󣬱ȥǴԪ
ԶԼңܼɢҲԪŵһСĦһֻ
ԿһЦһƣǶû֣ǴԪͱˡ
ܼҲſɲ򵥣ô˵ǰһǵţ˵ϾҪͻƵش󾳣µҲˣҪԸԪʵ׾١
û΢̫࣬ϵ˻ʱ££µԼңţҿͬ˵εŴ֮󣬴ԪǾͻᱻ𣬲˵ҲǸ΢˴ԪϾǴĵţǱôһ֪ߵغСӸˡԿԽ˵Խ⣬Ѿǽ΢ˡ
Σ
Լҵ׼еٵģһƷ˭˭
ȻԿ֪΢˱֪Ļ࣬ڵĵӵУ֮ǰ΢һڵͶ΢
ȻҲ΢Լ˵ӣټڵţ̾ԼӦһ
ʦ֣Ԫһá̳һԵĽ⽭Ҳϼ΢ʿŵλ̻ߣһԪ̽ʿΪΪ
֪Ҫã룬ȡһͭ⾵˹ȥⶫǿ̽ʿΪԪ
֣΢ǲûʲôԹνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬҪ˼УǲҪ鷳Ͼ١Ȱһ䣬̵ʦ֣ҷſģƷ٣ܱȵ£ܱȵϵ˻ʱ£΢λˣܲܵȥ˵Ҳֻ֣˷㣬޷
˵ţӹԪȻԶ΢һա
£Ԫ֣һʧЦԭ΢ɵΪǾ󾳣ʵΪʵĿԣ٣ŴϲϣҲܶùΪƾ󾳵Ϊʤ㡣ãҾͽϢ͸¶ԼҺţһܸ˵ġ
˵꣬黹ԪЦ뿪ȥԼҺŵˣԭһƽĽ˿ȴ¶һ˿Цһ΢ֿһȥ̣۾һУ˼
գѾǵζƣϹأԭƵĵΪޣսӮˣˣӮƣսҲһӮλôʼɡ
Ͻ̨⣬ΪζദһǵƣǾаյģᣬŹأһţֻһˡذѹһ˵ǱǱһ̤һȴգʱ͵̨ϡ
ֽһǵŤͷˣȻ˵һ䣺ĳҪһöǵƣλ飬ȡ֮
ƽƫƫԴݵڳÿһ˵Ķ˼ףǾҪһöǵƣǲ
ܰҲе
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ǿţ˭ǣ
˵Ǳˣڳľûǵɵ󾳵Ϊ˵ƽٳɣΪŷչӲѹΪִڡ
ʿȷʸȺۡȻǰֻһöǵŵƣǾηǱīɽڣոڣսһ£βͬ
һΣöǵƣռһǻһᣬȥսǱ
ϾǱ̫ǿˣдԣǱ䲻ˣһκһλ·ڵɢִǱ÷ΪɢѹơҪ֪ʿǿҲˣҲɣǱڷһɢѹŴ˵Ǳǿᡣ
ʣĸ֣˭Ը䶷
û˴սǱ֮ڵĵλͬĿɽڣܹ߾һ㣬˿Ժġ
ʱڵĶһͲסͻȻ߶µķգ۾ϵ̨ǽһǵΧҪڶöǵƣλѿɷи㣬λںȾơ
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ƽʱҪƾõ£ûģڣ¹ǵƣǾû˻ˡ
īɽںͺոû˵һŵȴǹһЦ㽫ǵøţһľƣΣ
˵꣬һˬʵ̨
һׯںĴ磬˸󣬴һ˫Ь󻹱һң·Ĳޱ߷ȴǹһ˽
˽ͬ˽һûôʽҲۣȴɱ֮ھʢеıһкͽһ飬ͨһɣţʮִֿ񣬺һ𣬼ֱá
ϸ̨ƤЦⲻЦĵԭŵĵ˷ɵţǾƣҲգȻˣǾͱһ°ɡ
д⣡˷ɹһЦȻ˽γУС
Ϊңһм
˷Ҳգͷ˵Ҳԣǵĳ׳ˡ
˵꣬˷ͻȻ˽һ˦һ⡣
ǽ⣬ˮһ㣬Ө͸ɷǺÿ̨ҲĿɿڴкá΢Ϳ˷ɵΪϵҪǿһЩͷʮƣɵ󾳡


һʮ Ŵᣨ
ʿѾ൱ˣȻΪϻԶǶãֻȻ̨ԣͶȻ̡
ǧС˷ɣҺЩ飬ſɲ򵥣ϵֻоŸˣɷ񽣣ʩչǾ񡣡ϵʱ˵
ɷ΢Ҳһ㶡
ûһɷ񽣾Ϊɺλνޣ֪ɷֻʩչ޴󣬿񽣾ȴҲ֮µʿʩչ¶һݰϧλɽ䣬ŵλҲһǧɣ񽣾ƺҲʧˣ꣬ζϵҪȡǵƣҲ֮ϵ̾˿
΢˵ͷһܷǿᣬҪǿ̣Ϊߵǵ̣ͷûпɽҲǵ̣֮ûɵҲǵ̡
˵źʹԪͦ񣬴ԪҲɾѧ׾ͬʧԵ˥䣬ȻԪҪŲҶˣȻ٣ֻоŸˣ˼Ϊߣǵ˷ɵ󾳾ѹԪˡ
΢ҡҡͷԼȳԪɡԪʱֻԸһǽ̻΢յеһ㣬ˣ΢ҲѧˣȻЩ΢ڻʩչھķѾġڶ£׳Ԫ
ھһᣬŴᣬƣֻҪΪһǣ߶ǵţǴԪĵˣɳʹͣһһЩмһɲ׳󣬳ʢ˥
ٿ̨ϣ˷һˮƽ⻮ӵسƿճˣ˵֮Ȼƣֻһб֪˷ɵΪ
ҲӣΪҪȶŷɸߵĶ࣬ϴĽϲȵŵģǾƷ˿̿ӶĽ⣬ŲЦһϽף򷨲ƣ
һ䣬ϴŵһڼ׾ȻǱһŽ⣬һ׽Ӱ˷ɵĽֱӴ棬ּ֧Ƭ̣ͱײ顣
Ļףһʿʧ
ֹĻӦѾƷˣ棬ǼֵǵĶһʿҲһп
̨ϣ˷ɫ䣬ǼһĽɣƿõĻ
ڵһﶼǵʵܴôãĲǵҲΪı£Ե֮ʱҲȫҲڵһɫ
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ʩչεֶΣҶĳֻϽɡÿ󣬴Ųм
˷СС䷨ԭգȴƬ֮֮ܲҲǴһ˿
⡢ǣʿɫһ䣬̨ϵǱҲ۾ž֮ɫ
ˣոӵ˵Ȼϳʲô
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ȻҪһýڽ֮ϴӲ˭ϾīɽڵĽѾĪ⣬˻
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ֻ֪һ֪ŵ˥Ļô򵥣Ϊɽλŵ棬ŭδɽʲôݣȻͽͽֻ֣ҪųžǲΪ裬˥ܵĸԴһʱС
һǰզ࣬ɽˣǱˣɻҪǿĴڣһλˣȷˡ
˵һǧһ̨˷Ҫʩչģȷ
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ʱ˷гͻȻһʣһһѹ£ˮ£žžڵϣݶߣһƬƬ׻

˷ɴ˿Ҳɫ԰ףȻ֧ɷǺһ̣һƿɽһеĽƴͷ£˳ˮ䡣
꣬ҲǽΪһ塣
һ̶üæһ׳һͬʱʩչֶΣٿƵһУնĵ˷ɡ
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΢ۿ˷Ȼʩչ񽣾ȴļΪ׼ȷ˵ãֻĻǶȴɱ֣ش˷ɡ
֮ǰºڣ˵ᶯֻ֣û㶯֣ҲûҪ֡
˾ε˷ɣ΢һۣ֪ǵ˷ȻܴΪ֮ǡ
ȻЩ˲ݣûӮˡ
ӮķӦоС
ȻõΪǲ˲ͳЦԼ϶ЩҲסֻǿһΣ˭Ͷĳǵƣ
˵ʵñ˲£ˡ
һǺոӣһīɽϡ
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ȻãɶֿԲ
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һɣĹȣΪȴٴУƾ跨֮ܵ˷ɣӾˡ
Ե¶ҲˣǴ߶йȥӾȻҪ䲻⹥䲻
ǲɼһʯɣھһĹƷڷУǰʮ֮ڡ
˿䲻⣬ȹҪƾƷӻܡȻԷ׼


һʮ Ŵᣨߣ
ļһԲͶ֣ʵʧȻΪҪãеȷƷļƷòһ˫һһϣǰһɾͻȻͣ£۶δ߶á
ķɶꡣ
ȷ΢֮УͿӲһ赲УϸһЩǺɫ˿ߣʮϸѼҼΪ͡
ߺߣԭǺ쳾˿ӿҲ׼ĳȶ֣ȻЦǲϴ߶УͬʱȡһŲһоűķɽһʼֱӶȥ
ڤطĹлҪƷһǰѵҲ˳̨£һŴϵĻ΢΢ЦߣԣŤͷһ۵£˭Ӯ󰡣
˵ڤطɱ֮ԣҾһζİҪһ㣬ȻΪҪߣδضùڤط
ҡҡͷոɲţҲǵ˷ɣŲţʮϢ֮ڣñɡ
ȻţɣΪ䲻ӣڱԷǿڤطսʤһķʿˡ
ţǾͿɡظո˵̨꣬ϵѾ˴䡣
ÿνǵƾУڤط߶˼£ˣûȡһͭ壬ͨҡ֮·ȴǿĻꡣ
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ǼǶƷɱѹĽڽڰˣֻһƷ쳾˿ͽӵƷĶѹĴ
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һ̣쳾˿ͽƷȫס̧һƣһɫӡӶԽɣô˺üҲϻлһ²ҲѲƤ
ǶƤٺʱҲûӼȥȻϼΪʣǵӺֶΣĳ䡣
˵꣬ķ¸̨
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ߵͬԸ⣬ֻܹںΪߡϵһ΢Сѣ֪ΪΣ
΢ͷľ֮಻ľҲ
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΢ûжڵȣڹ۲죬۲ЩԶԸЩС龳ſ϶У΢ͻƵСҲ˼ҵĶ֡
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ϾʮȫҲΪ


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ʮȫҲֲЦˣϵȻʮȫûʲô飬һ»ǿԵġ
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ĺʮȫƴһ£ʵڲңϾ˼ʮȫ˵ͷ˵ԼС˼龳һָͷҪԼ

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ɫʮȫЦһȡơǺ̫ȻвޣһжûС
˼ΪԼߣǶҲ䣬һԼ
ƣʮȫվһɸ˵ɡ
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΢ͷԴǰ
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᲻ᣬŴᣬֻɵǿҲڵŴʩչңգΪǿҲҽ֮µġ
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̨ϵʮӣֻʮȫ󾳣΢ڱǲͻƵСֻάھ󾳣ɻܶԷ
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ԪûʲôҲ֪ģڵһӵˣⴿԪŲǽʲôԨôôһδɵС
˭֪ССɣŵΪҲ߲ĶȥղԼҵ˲Ҳ˵ôСӵΪǾ󾳣ⶼܵһţ֪ⴿԪǺεȵĲˡһҲһм֮ɫ
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ʦ֣˵ģһҲǲ˼顣
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Ȼ̨ĶһЩС㣬Ȼ̨
ᣬں档
΢ҲûȴΪȥҲ˷ѷȵϡ


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ڣīɽڵһ˳Ծϸ̨һò˵һ
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ڶ۾˱Ľ̫ˣһʿ֮ĿɿڴʧǽһŰ尡
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ϾǿԽСʿ¸̨ǲַˣû˿΢
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΢̨ǴԱߵ̨ȥģһһݵһŵչ¶ƣȻ۷˲ˡ̨Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ַẩЦ棬С۾һĺȴһмͱɽһ鶼ĺѩҲĿ΢Ŀдһ˿档
΢ôԾϸ̨ʵıҲѧԼԼո̨ûվȾͱһкȥҪ̨֪ϵȻؾ֮µʿʵǿӲؾġ
Բܽǵͨ΢һ㶼ûУʮ׼ġ
ڱ˿װԼڲͬŪ顣
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ּʿһŵоһץһѣʲôҲӡ
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΢Ȼ˵ϻĺΪǸߣͷҲǵĵմӣΣ
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΢ûж⣬һбΪԶԷǳڿԼûĺΪ󾳣ټһǿķǺСԿսҲռơ

˭֪ոյƣ΢ֻɵķ֮ǰԸԿҲһ
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΢ϲϲ˷ѷϲһӮöԷɾ裬ȻͻȻȫһӦÿֱӽԷɳȥ
߱ˣǷĺϵʲôķƷԼȫһӦҲܵסǷĺ
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Ψһ鷳ǣԷķƺ߸΢ĺһ֪ԼĵǶġ
ĺѹûŶ㣬Ǿˡ
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ڵķĺһֻװڹǵڹ꣬ûӣȴǿԶͷˡ
ڶԵеֶΡ
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ƣĪΪͼһܣ֮ǰҴˣǵŵţҲˡĺЦһѾӮˣΪ΢ԼԼķȴǿʱȡ
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ûж㣬Ҳ㣬ΪţƵĻ׿ԵֵʿȫһСԼվöԷһ죬ԼҲһë
һ̣΢ϣĺһоһ̶ļ죬ţоԼǱһ޴ޱȵʯײһڿն𣬷ɳȥʮɣȻݺݵˤ̨¡
ڵѾתķĺðŷӦ˿ʹ˵һѪ
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Ҳγѣæܹøһӹȥʵ˿ĺƣǴӻȡһҩĺι¡
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ٿ̨ϣĺոմ߶ҹȥĳ׶˿̾ȻǱ΢ȵץ
һֱɵһƬˡ
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ֶΣַҲ
һĪһ󣿡ַ˿һ
ԱѾ˵ΪǷ֣ոոûп΢νǧĳ׶ġ


һʮ 
˿ո΢ôµĳ׶ΪʱǵעڷɳȥķĺϡҲ˿ˣڳʿڵǱīɽڵĽϣոӡ
ŲǷⲻǵ괿ԪӵĶŵ𣿡۾һ
ڳ˵УǴޣҲֻнͼʶϳ΢ʩչĵʲôˣǿǱͺʿҲ΢ĵ
ΪŵǴԪӴ΢֮һԪ߳ƵǸҲֻнϾǱȻΪҲһֵ
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ҲȻҪһҪֵģҶһǿߣ˵ˣӮˣȻ˾ò˼飬Ȼϸ̽ҪҳһԵɡ
΢ɵͱ¶ˣҲ΢СЩޣ˼ҵļʶ΢ĻҪߡ
΢ֻǵһ£ҲȻˡ֪֪ˣΣȻɵܲһֱҴš
΢ѾˣŴһ̷شԪ·ϵСʿշԼҺĳҾԲ鷳
ţͻȻ߽ʮ죬ʿ״¶֮ɫٸĲ쵥Ҳ̫ˣȻŴᵷҡ


һʮ 
ʮֺƿžͳ˽һʿ״ǳһ䣬ȴǱͬסˡ
ͨ츮Ĳ죡
һ仰ʿĿɿڴһ£Ȼ㵽һԡЩ߽֮ΧʿԶÿһ
ô£ͨ츮Ĳôˣ
ԾҪˡ
ǧǣͨ츮ֱɳϽȨ֮ڣˣÿһΪӣ֪˭˴£Ҫùˡ
۷׷ףĴŵ˺ͻҲЩ졣
ʱӭ˹һ۴ͷĲ죬üͨ츮к£
ͨʿͬزΪߣһƷͨ츮ĹٲҲԵǳ⡣
ȻغܲˣŴᣬͨ츮Ĳ˳⻤ûӣǲ˵һȻưոݡ
ǴͷĲѰʿǰˣᣬأҲֻǱϹϾ
ˣ˵ͨ츮״ʿɱ޹һأǰ˵ġ
һҲһ㶣ͨ츮״ӿɲôøģһ£ͨ츮ǲѰ״ӣܾͨ츮ģȻ͹ԱйأҶǴ¡
Ҫ֪ͨ츮Ȼٸϵͨ츮İڶҪϱɳɹٵģͨ츮ĲȨƷµ˹٣ɲֱץ￳ͷ˵Ѱʿˡ
ֻʿɱ޹̫ƽˣ˽֮УʿӷΪϣ˭Ϊȥͨ츮״
ͨ츮Ȼ״ӣʵǲ˼顣
ʿҲĿɿڴ̫ƽˣνɱ޹ǿɴСһ˻׷¡
ǿʿı飬ǲЦһֻʿȻᾪͨ츮Ϊʿһ٣ȴ׼˽µĽԶȨ˽֮£ǻһţǽ֮˽֮رΪأУĻأ֪ٷ˶ͨ츮ר˽֮٣鷸ƵĹԱȻҪ׽ù鰸
仰ʿһȻͬⲶ˵ǵȷӦͨ츮档
ɫһҲǵͷûٵȷǷ˽ɣΪ٣ȴΥΣ˽磬񼫣Ǵ˭
شԪš٣΢˵ڳʿ
΢
ĪǸ΢
ȻǴԪţû뵽΢Ȼ١
Ǵ˴˽浽ͨ츮ˣҾ˵ͨ츮һ㲻飬ɱ޹ôʿ˵ʲôԭ٣ΥȻǹͨ츮Ͻġ
ֲ΢ôͣԭûе̣٣ǻְһؾˣ˵ˡ
Ҳ൱ĵ;΢ɵ޵ɵǶ˼ʰҿ˵ʲôè尡
꣬Сһ㣬ͨ츮ôץˣ¿϶򵥣Ǿ仰²ؼ߸߹ǧҪ£ɱ֮ͨ츮ɲǡ
۷׷ף뿴΢
ԭ΢վĺܽʮȫϵһƣæЦ˵ֻһð龳ʿģҲҵͨ츮
˽Ʒ֮£Ʒ֮£ͨ츮϶նĴȨҲ˵ͨ츮˵һ㣬㰲һԵɱ
֪˹ٺٶˣͨʿͨ츮ǲֵһᡣ
Ĵֳ˵ĵţɽţͨ츮Ҳõ֮⣬ûг˵ĵͨ츮ֻжԶԶ
үô£ͨ츮Ǹʲôģôץ㣿ҲˣҲһҲ˵ͨ츮һʱҲסˡ
΢ʱҲ۾һУΪ٣Ȼͨ츮ְȨ
ͨ츮˵ˣΪ˼˹ٺٶţ˹Ȩ֮ĴڣȨƺܴԼǰƷ٣ͨ츮ҪץԼûӡ
˵ԼƷ٣ͨ츮Ȩնࡣ
ղǲ˵е״΢һʱ֪˵ļ顣һǼǰŵĶĪȥͨ츮״ŵˣ
΢һ־֣ŵˣǰͿȥͨ츮״αҪȵڣ
룬΢ͻ
ͨ츮ҲһţҪ״ĻһλƷ٣Ǿôȥ״ӣʮа˾ʯ󺣡ټ£ϲ£ֻˣǲŻ
ԼνеʧҲ˲ˣ¶Ȼڱ˷ˡ
ԼҺųȻǻһڹٳȴǺ޸ͨ츮ΪֻؾʿҺ͵Ŷ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ʣµģ΢ýֺͷܲ³˭
ԣ˻ڻҲС
ڱʹӣǾͶˣͨ츮⣬Ҳ˽ţܲ˻ʺӣֻҪеһ˻ֻǴһڷ磬ͨ츮϶ŷ
棬΢ȷĻʹ֮˱ȻԣԴ˵ԸɣԼܾύѾˡ
뵽΢ͻȻЦЦ
Ҫ˵ո΢һƽԴ¸̨΢΢һЩ׵Ļôһ˿˿ĲףҲǳ׵ɢ
ǻ쵰Ӧô΢ֻԼʱûгȫ֪һﰵԼӦһ㡣
ô룬΢֪ԼԣĲ˵Ǽͨ츮ĲҪץԼԼͲܷв
һȡ
ЩѾֱֳɷһ˹΢ֻǰס
뷨֪ͨˣҪͻ
΢˼˶ף˵ʲôȴǱȥ
ʱȣ΢ֳϵһȭһ¡
ϵʱҲüСѷģϵܰ쵽ġ
ȻϵҲ֪鼬֣龳ʿҲҺͨ츮ͻ˵ʮΪһ㣬߲Ǵŵȴɳ
˵һΪʿһˣֳҲԲܶ֡
΢ͨ츮˿̽΢ΧסϵʩչֶΣǶ档
£ֻʣ΢һˡ
ң΢ɫ糣ȴôǰ鷳
΢־ܰɣ٣Ӧ֪ͨ츮ֶΣǾв˭Ȳ㡣˵һ˦ĳַգ֮䣬ͽΪס
΢ûзǴ֮ͥ£ԼԩҲҪһ֣øǽڡ
ʶ࣬ߣȥͷĲЦһһͽ΢ߣʮ죬ĵߣû˸


һʮ ӿ
΢Ǽߣҧˣ˿һȭͷžž졣
ʦ㣬ǧסͨ츮˴Ȩɳ˽ĸãר˽֮٣Ǿв֣ǾǻɣʺҲʺˡ嶯֮»¡
ģ֪أͨ츮ţҾͲţ뷨ȥϵ磬ʱֻܾүȻŭɵֵػ
λҪȥĶϵţСѽиңи̣ϵɾʧˡϵʱЦţȴɨԼҺЩˡ
Ŀ֮ԿԼ֮ǵͷܹҺϵӡ
һʼų΢ץߣԸǲˣϵǶǵƵɵ龳֣ԼҺżһϵĶ֡
ͨ츮֮ڣ΢Ͷ뵽һη֮ڡֽűдĵĽʵʵϹ·Ƕ㵱ॡǧСη˵ļǶʦרƶɵ̾ߣɵǹסǶܷӳΪЩΪأٽеģ΢󲿷ʱֻڵϣ޵ɵʹǿѪǹһܾ
ˣ΢Ҳù
ǲҲҲʣֱӾͶεУ΢Լ粵ĻᶼûС
΢Ѿ԰ٷְٿ϶Լһαͨ츮ץıģͷ˴к
һЩðѿˣ΢ΪԼ粵䣬˼Ұǽ㵱˰ϵ⣬ôô磬Ǿһжûˡ
ǰҪİ΢Ҳɫѿ
ڲ֮ϵ˵Ļ㱨¶һ˿֮ɫ
ãܺã΢ץͨ츮ͱٳˣ䵽ô档˵꣬ƺʲôֵˣȥ߽ҿ᲻ʲôΪ΢ǶȻڸǱʧ֣
ȻѾ֪Ҳ΢ʮֲϲ½ܵҲˣǸҲͽԾԻ뾡취ˮ
֮֮ʤΪʣΪܡ
ٹȵǱôһ䣬Ȼϲһоյĸо
ٹȵ˺ܸм£˵΢ǲĴ𣬲΢ҽ󣬷ٹȵȫµĵǲ
ܺãʶࡣ
ԺܸˣǷٹȵҲؾʿԼֵҲóģǱ߶һ΢Լ߶һٹȵˣ˳֮£Լߵʤִ˺ܶࡣ
ȥһʮݵ͸ͨ츮ˣһ£㲻ˣȥ˵
Ϊ˵λߣ֮ԵŰݷõĿ˵֮١ͨ츮֮Ǩȴ򵥣֮ǨȻƷֻоƷ˼ɹ١
ɹ٣ֻǾƷҲǵλߣһƷ˹٣ɳٽϵҪƷɹ٣ʵϣǻؼ֮ǨҲÿͿ
ɹٵһ棬һ棬λͨ츮δˣ˻ǽֵܡ
ʶʮ꣬岮һˣԼ֮Ǩùһ塱
Դˣݷ֮Ǩͨ츮УԶ֮Ǩһ񣬽һ塣
֮Ǩĺ֣òһ˫۾ͬ죬ȴǻʵɵʿ
ɳΪ٣ΪܵùȥԾƷɹ˵֮ǨΪߣҲ˵ɹֻɳŵĹԱΪҪ󲻸ߣɽ磬ƷƷɹٵУвΪ
ԣôˣ˽ˣ֮ǨȻϲԣСϲӦ˵ǶƢ
һһʮݵݣǧĺöΪǴ洦ɹٵΪǿֵҩӲģܸˡԴˣ֮Ǩˡ
ֶһǹΪ˭Ҵ
Ǹ΢Ǹ״Ѿ⣬΢뿪ͨ츮Ϊ£еĸ״ӾҪ֮Ǩ
΢ĸ΢֮ǨЩ񣬲ܿ죬üͷһ壬ǸոձץǸƷ٣
壬΢ڵŴıƽҴˡ˵֮꣬ǨüٻǵΪƷ٣һˣȻҴ˻֮ӣ˵ȷԸ񼫶ˣ¶޷졣룬ֵԷģ΢Ȼץͨ츮ұܱȥ˵ȷǷ¹ΥûУҲ졣
һ۾һģǵ΢ܵ٣ͷȻշһǰҪˣǿΣ
ԷģһƷ٣ĿɽǿĶȥƷƷ٣ƷҲûá֮ǨЦһֵǳһˣͨ츮ҲЭҪ֪ɹ٣飬Ʒ׵ɹ٣ͨ츮ְǼ˹ٺ٣ն֮ȨһǳˣǱȽ΢ɱ꣬ʵҺΣ
һЦ׷ġֻ֪֮Ǩ΢ΪѾͺк
ںĹϵڵݣ֮ǨѾƵġ
ŴˣԪ΢ͨ츮ץߣȴǳһĻ⣬Щʿ෹󶼻˵¡֪Ȼͨ츮ȨƵףһץȥǾ׶༪٣΢Ƿ¹ӳΡ
ջ֮ڣѾ˷ϵһǣشԪԮ
ֻлȥҵȻɣ絽Ԩ
£ҲǾȳ΢Ψһ
ڣطɫϢŭ쳣
Ѿ֪½ȻȻʮǰŶ½Ůʼע½֮
һ鲻Ҫǲ˲ٶߣҲ˵½ҵİӣܿһԩ
طоǷ½ȻҲðһͷԼ½ǱԩģôΣҪ뷨½ҷ
ҲΪ½ȻΨһ顣
˭֪һδƽһ΢ڵŴϱͨ츮ץߵϢط̱ŭ
ǽβ֪ͨ츮ǰ˵ĵС
Ϊ˻֮ӣȨƺΪĶ£Ҳû˵Ҳ˵΢ûз£ͨ츮참̾⡣
ҲжĿǷٹȵ˸ոյ״Ӳʱͨ츮ȥˣһʱ䣬üʵں֤ݣ
ȫǷٹȵ˵һ֮ʣ


һʮ һ侮ʯ
ͨ츮ڴϾġ
Ƿٹȵ˲ͨһʿ΢ȴƷ٣Ϊɳٳ֮ϣ΢Ƿٹȵǿòһ㣬˺ͨ츮ͨһô鶼ͽһץ
żץˣӦùʣһҲûУ΢ץֱƺ󣬲ʣѾʵ
£참ģ
طȻ΢ʶȴó΢Ʒԣ˵ֱһ㣬ط΢Ǳ˸ƺԩˡ
ұôõϢʮа˾˹Ҫ֪Ҫˮһһʯ񡣡طӿһɱߣ½Ȼˣ΢Ҳˣ֮ڣ˭֪½ȻԼŮıʿ΢Լ½ύĺ֪ĲŲʣԺ˭Ͷ
һ棬Ǹ鷳ͨ츮֮Ǩɹ٣һݣͲԼҵģ˵֮ǨʵĽֵܡ
ȥջǾȥһͨ츮Щ£֪Լ鷳Ҫ
ǲͲطˡ
ȥͨ츮ˡ
ϢܿʹԶڸ¾ͣھ֪ˡ
ԵķӦǵһЦüͷһ壬һ仰û˵

ԷԸҪ΢þͼã˲΢ʲô¶Ҫš
ûطͨ츮м΢û˵΢͵㲻Ӧ
ұطЦЦ£ֻ΢
΢Ȼϴͣʮǣ۾ȴǸ谵ηۡ
˾ƣ΢Ӻ飬ʵ
ԣûȺãźȡط̳ơ
ã΢ҲЦˣȻεУЩ̾߷ΪǶѰʿġ
΢Ѱʿʿ޷ʩչ΢ľԣĵصĵز΢ҲзԱߡ
ֻɹ֮·ǾҪΪֹˡ
΢ȻԸ⣬˿벻ʲôõķӣֻǼϣԨ
ȻˣǵһЩ±ǣԼȾƣԼкξ壿
ǰ漸˭û˵˵屭طŵѺ֪ܶ࣬ĵĺ٣ȻһҲһ
֪΢ǻشһطҲǻشһطԸ񣬵ȷͶȻǺѡ
ȻҶȥҾȲѣҲʧȥطֺһơ
΢һ㶣ûȾƵɵ£ͨ츮
ͨ츮ֻһ׸ƵŰˣǸ㶨ҿˣЩţ㲻ɱ޹֮ˣҿóߣһҪܡطȾƣȴʮּᶨ
΢κ˿ھƣʣ׳־ˣ㲻Ҫ˻һζĺֱײ˵˻ʣڵĽ֮λҲδܱס
ϾΪˣ΢Ĵ֮ͿڲŶҪطǿ̫࣬һ仰˵ĶԷƿԡ
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ѻʯһѣҪΪʯͷ΢ֹ˿ھƣ
طˣڳ˼ɫзɫȭͷ߬֨֨죬΢ҲԼȾơ˵ƻ治Ȼ΢ܸоƵľָо
ǰ֣΢ƾԼŤתġ
Ԩˣͨ츮δػӣֻгǵ٣ʮգֻǵôΪһƷٳ棿
΢ҲȫһնûС
һơ
ƾ΢ʱ׫ɵġɽǰ΢ļ䣬һ׫ɽǸ٣ǹƷ룬ԼɽҲôǵ޻ΪԼ档
㲻ҲҪƵͨ츮ɵֻҪܹܰã΢зԼ粵˵ʵԸ΢ȷǶٵֶΣȴ̸ɱ޹Լ״ǽߵģ˵޹鱻ԼаɱǻһŵĸºֶΣѹ׷ɱԷ
ⶼǺֻ΢ϣľУֻҪˮʯңǻŵ£ǷٹȵҲûκ֤ݣһ΢Կ϶ôͨ츮ԼûѶֻ˵һ¡
ǾڹݺԼ
ٹȵ˿ûֶΣ˭ѾǺ֮
΢ֻܼϣԨϣԼĻʱ׫ġɽ
ط뿪ˣҲ֪ͨûУʵϲͨûУ£岻֡
ͨ츮֮ǨƷɹ١
˻ڡ
ⶼǲǵĴڣڣҪԸԼǽûκô
Ȼ΢˺֣ľõ֮ڣԽľ׳΢аһ֮ڽΪȪ󾳣ƵС
ĵһΪһܹûк
ڵҹ΢ոսΪƵСʱ򣬾֮ȴһ΢Ķͷ
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칭Ϊ˱£רų΢ġ
ŴϣԪ֮΢֮νţ֮ڵʿѾ˲֪ϢɢҪ˼֮ھͻᴫ顣
칭պھŴϵ飬־ϲ΢ֶΣȻԶȡǵƣȻԶȡؾµһ֮ԡ
ˣ칭֪Լ΢֮ԼһЦ
ͨ츮״΢ͨ츮׽칭˵Ǵϲ£ϸһ֪΢˲ˣԼ˻ʡ
칭ַˣ֪һᣬһѩ޵Ļᣬˡ˵ĵһ¾ȥݷԣ˹̸˺ܾãȵٳʱͰڵڶҹ칭ͨ츮֮Լ
˵΢һ칭֮Լʱ˶Ƿ״ģѾ칭ȥͨ츮ˣ£ҪҪ
ʹ鷿ڣһ̫
ֵһԼǩ״ȻӦǱȶ£ͰԵ˼ɡ


һʮ 龪
Ϊ΢׼ġɱͷȻܷٻὦһЩѪϣֻһѪҲࡣ
ͻȻðһ칭칭һѸʺɱ΢ġȻϲ
칭ġ΢ǩԼô칭΢Ϲأ칭ɱ΢˭Ҳ˵ʲôΪǩ״
칭ȥԣǾҪ칭һѡ
칭Ҳǽƶѣ֪΢ڵŴϴʤīɽڵַᣬڵսΪѾ൱ֲˡ˵ԼɵΪѾ΢̫࣬Ϊ칭Ҳûԭš
֮ǰոͻƵ˹ƵСĹ޵УѾ൱ˣ統УƵСΪԺˡ
ţŴ칭һ˿ΣաΪ֣Ǹ΢óȥжϣһ٣ȻɵΪڵŴϴŹʣ˵ܽСʿܣѾ΢
칭ðĴʶ
Ȼ΢֮ˣ˭ܱ֤ĹΪǿ
뵽칭ͻо־壬΢Լ֮ʱǶ֣ǻ
칭µҪһоǺڣڵӦ΢ںûãҪս¶ӣҲǿ
Լˣ΢˲ܵˣͨ츮ΣҲûûˣԼΪβȥȼţ΢΢ΪһᱻƣʱԼôô档һԼԽͨ£ύ
һá
΢һֻצϻǺܽīɽڰŵַܣؾµһսΣͨ츮зΪ΢ͨ쳹صܷͣӳ٣
Ҳ˵΢Ӯֻ·һѡôɲ
ȥ΢ȴûбѵ⣬ûκεĲýطͬʱҲˤ˱ӡ
λ˻ʣ಻ɳӵˣ˼Ķӡϲ΢˵ϢѾǴ龩ط֪ܲȥͨ츮ȥ΢ǾǴ治ƽʱҪѵһһЩʹûС
ڵķӦƽǲһ
ܲʸа嵹ҲˣϾΪ˻ʣȨ֮Ū¯࣬ƫƫ˿ûʲô֧Ĵ󳼹Ա࣬ҲûбȨҲϲĻӣԲ˾ùŹ֡
һ˵֪΢Ҳֻ֪ںĺӰ֪ãֻΪһֽϵļ֡
ʱûΣգ΢ȴǵ֮ʡ
ϣ΢֪칭ҹԼȴ֮Լ
Ϣ΢ֻЦһҪģûм֪ܵġ˵ʲôҲûã칭ΪԼǱ˼צޣǵʱ칭֪֪Ϊʲô졣
칭ʱ֮Σ侮ʯȻûԼô΢Ҳ֡
Ȼ΢֪Լʱ䲻ˣڵϣôˡ

£ոջ졣ΪȻҪȥ
Ԩݷùͬʱһ飬˵΢׫ġ΢ȻǰƷ׫٣׫ȻǷ֮£黹ΪԾġҲǾóչ飬̫࣬Ծͽ¡
˿æ꣬ϢŤͷͳһͬСɽһᡣһץ͸սһץķ
ɽô󰡣΢΢Ŷ󣬱Ĳɳڣ黭˫֮Ҳô׵ģһʵְһһ߷
һ̣ȥòͣ˰У۾ֱҳϵ֣꣬ҳרע
һһͿ꣬ȡڶῴ
ԽԽ˷ܣǿʲôϡ䱦زūһڶᣬɴվߵһԱ߶¿
ܿһʱȥˣ̹õȲʱҲ˸ɵȣ̹پͽȥˡֻǽȥһһ˿۾ĿһᣬԱ߶ʮѾģ򶼻δš
̹ĿɿڴҲ֪òýУһʱԥʱͻȻһĴȺ鰡ǧ鰡ãããӣֻǲɹ־֮أһɽȴǽúɽǧޣݶ˵һһɽ˭С磬
ȻǴЦ̹ŵһһ㶣֪˵ʲôҲûʩչֶһһɽֱӻһֱ޵ȥ
˿̶ǵ޽ϡ͵ãϳǵ޼ģ̸ཻ֪ۣ꣬ȴо졣
½üͷһ壬ô£Ϊðʧ
䣬ͷӽȴһϲãͬӣϷ޶ҹϱһһ㡣
޴ˣϲϲһǧ鰡һڱ
Ƭ֮󣬽ºͼĶһķνһ鿴
ܿ죬Ц
ؾ٣棬صŵùӭӣѹûߵؾʯǰ鿴
Ȼм¼ʱ֮ʱѾǾ˵ؾȻΪʱ򽪰һڵ¶ȶʱȥ
һ飬֪ʱǡصԴؾ󣬷һɽ֮գӦ֪ˡ
ʧְϰ죡˵ĸ֣ǸصƷ̱ڵϡ󽪰ڵؾʯӹʱһֳһɰ֮ɫ
΢
ɫǿʲôǵؾûйҫؾ֮˺ֹˣȴͷһγ֣ɴ˿ɼؾԡɽӡ
òصļ󰡣ؾѾ¼ˣˣ˵ûǧһ飬Ǹ΢ɳǱ˿˭˵ˣ˭˵ʥ΢ںδҪͣ൱ˡ
һҪ΢Ǳϳǵ޼ɫȴǲȻһ䡣
˵ҲҪ¼һݣϳģֿ֪ɷͬ⣿ҪҼ΢ԸֻԼҴκ͸¶ֻƬ
кβɣɽ֮飬ϳǣжǶҪȥһҪϱɳɳǰʥʲôǧ顣


һʮ ôĵ
ʱȥ΢ˣϾǳǵҪܵ顣
עҲ΢˾˼٣ڲ֪ںδҲûӣֱȥãҵԨ֪΢µļ٣ȥμӵŴȥˡ
Ԩʲô£Ϳ򼱴Ҵҵģæʵôż΢ʲô£Ƿʲôɣ
Ԩһۣ㿴ʦ𣿺£΢˴󹦣׫Ǳɽλ޴˶ϲѣˣؾʯ֮ʱѾһĹ¼΢£㣬ֻҪɽȥ΢Сܿⲿ֤
ɣôţԨһȻҲ΢ġɽȻһѵõû뵽λͬʱޡ
ĵ㻹ףȻΪɳǼʥλǳ𣿶΢Ϊ׫һĲ˵ؾ֮ʯΪؾ̣ɣˣؾ΢Ĺ£аһ£Ժ΢ǷʲôҲû˸ҽɲҪСƵؾؾֻ΢һǽưԽ˵Խˣ΢ĹλҲȻҪˣٹһƷ
ԨĿɿڴǶˣĲޣȻ᲻ɽ֮ڡؾҲͷһ˵ǹһƷװף˵΢ܿͿƷ١
˵١
пܺԼһΪƷ١
һԨҲϲɫ΢ֵܣ΢٣˭ˡ
У޴ѾɽϱɳʥԺһΪ΢빦ɳЩ۸ڶ߸ϵʥƣٵҲĲɳ֮ˡ˵꣬ԨͷȻɳͳ֮£Ϊ綼˽ҪϾֻʺϹޣ˽ȴǿɵʿ˵ٵλҲߣǱȲɹ٣üв
ãƲǣʲôǿΡɽô˵
Զ˹ɣʩչ˲ϢǧƬ̿ɴϵܣû£һȥܺãȥ΢ԨͷΪɷһٲ뿪磬ȥ˽ȻԸ⡣
ʱ漱ææܽµĹɺ͹ߡ˿̶һԨֱӹݣˣȥȾִˣ
ĸִˣԨûüʣǱѾʵ
ߺȻϵ򣬼æ΢ִˣھͨ츮ץΡ
ʲôԨ󾪣󾪡
Ȼ֪ͨ츮ʲôţɳ˽ĸãԷɵ˹ٺն֮Ȩ
˵ͨ츮˹ٺкܶ࣬һ£˻ʺΪЩСºͨ츮ۡһΣȻУûСɽԨ򶼲·˵΢׫˾ġɽ޴˶Ҫν΢΢Ȼͨ츮Ҫץˣʲô¡
ͨ츮ǰ쵰Ԩŭˣ޲Ϸʣȥͨ츮΢ȳ
˵Ҫضˡ
ϵܣ㲻Ҫżͨ츮̫ˣƽɱһЩССϺҲˣξȻҽ΢ץˣߣұǳԲ˶ߡҲ˺ݣµȻҪȥ޴ˡ
һ˦Ԩֱؾ
˿̵ؾϿգһͻȻͷƲ㣬谵ճһƬɫһ̣һƬ⵱УһӰ
̧ͷһЦɽոϱɳʥԺʥ٣ҲӰ
һԼĵͷҶʥԺʥ΢⡶ɽһ㶼ѷɫЩʥҲӦõģ⡶ɽԴﵽصľ磬ʥԺܲν
ȥӭһӭɣλʥҪһЩģȻľЦǷʵҲҲ
Ҳᣡ˵꣬˹ȥ
֮£߳һߣͷ֣Ʈһƣһʥ⡣
ΧĹٶҿʶĵͷо֣ҿߡ
ֻ޺߹ȥһ͵ԭҦʥټһΪҦʥϲأ
ûҦͷûʲôøУΪһЩ£϶ȻдϱɳԼ״Ȼº²֮ȴֲǳˡ
λޣɫҦʥ˸Ȼһˣ֪΢˭ɷ֮ʥԺʥһɽмӵģҪ潻һ
ºͼĶһüʥԺ˼Ҫǽŵİ
ʲôе潻Ӧֱӽߣŵһλ΢ֶʥԺóˡ
ЦһñҲܾûȥɽʥԺˣһȥҲȥѣʱͬУҦʥɣ
⡭ҦʥһʱЩ
һʥһڶȴһԿϷ΢ûǵȶˡ˵һҦģ۵λΪܺͽᲢۣԷ̵ģʥԺˡȷʥԺȷôǿţƵʥ࣬ʥѰɶ磬ֻǵλϸ߰ˡҦϼһﲻ뽫΢ߣȻ󣬾ûȻˡ
ֻ΢ִţҲ׷ߡʥԺܸʲô಻һƷҵ˹٣ɹٿԲصӳֵɵΪˣҪټϿʥԺ붼úס
ܸþͶˣһƷǿ϶ģƷҲûпܣĵҩҲʹͣҪǵؾֱӽ»ΪΪֱע΢УȥʮϰĿޡ
⹻
ǺãԺκ¶ţ統пԺߡ
ȻЩĲ˵һ뷨Ǿ΢Ѱˣϣֻ΢һܣܣκˡ
ʱ򷵻ˡ
˻ˣŤͷһ΢΢һЦҦʥ۾һǴλʥУȴΪǡɽȷǰ֮ڶѵõ飬ʥһȵж˰֮ģԲҦʥ뷨ӽˡȥȴΪʥã˴ţӦûС
ɶǴʮֵĿ𣬸˵ʥԺʥˡƺ´ţǴһ㡣
Ҧʥдʣһ̤ȻǸڽ֮ǰȥֱӾͳԨǱ׫ɽ΢ããȻһ˲ţߣһʥԺ
˵žҪˡ
ˣһһԵļĵҾ˵ˣӶûһǺö
Ԩһ㶣·Ӧһ仰λ޺һλʥǴһ
ҡҲ΢΢ڱͨ츮ץˣ޴ʩȣ
ʲô
΢ͨ츮ץˣ
˵λޣҦʥǺôĵӣ


һʮ ˲Ҫ޵
ͨ츮
޽ڵµļС칭΢ĳҲ
ȻԼȻҪм֤˵ģһͱڵ׼ͦ׵Եˣͨ츮֮ǨλƷɹҲˡЩȻй֮˵У΢ҲöûоֱӶҿӣû΢ϡҲ˵Ժ֮ǨһνƽľʵϽѾõģ칭ٷְٻӮ
ԭܼ򵥣΢ӳ䷨ӡɵΪӲǹΪҲһӲ
һʩչȫʵһֻϣѰĵͼһ˭˭Ӯ
һһ߲Ҳһգǽ΢׷Ҳһȥ
ǿ˵΢ں칭ľУԼõģǩ״Ļ٣ʲôϵ
ҪЧ
ʲôʲôвҪǣڼ֪ͨ츮ڱﶼ˵ˣѾҪˣ磬Ǿ޵С
һ֪ĳЩ˻֪ˡɺ˫
΢ڵŴϱͨ츮ץھַзɵȻ֪ģ֪ˣ˫Ҳ֪ˡ
˵˫ҲԶͨ츮ʲôӰһҲǽѡ֪һ칭Ҫ΢˽֮ǰԼ֮ʱѩ˫ɫɷףãҪɼӺִ磬УҪȥ
ǽ˫סҡͷȥҲûãͨ츮ͨ츮֮ǨǾƷɹ٣˵㣬ȥŶȥ
Ҳִܿ类Щ˺˫ҧҧǳ˳ȥһҲǿЦһһס̤С˫ֱͨ츮
ܲʹܹҪһɶҲǼп΢ͨ츮ץߣȻȣûв֮ǰҲۣϾͨ츮רְǶԸЩĹԱ١΢٣δز¡ǶԷȻ칭ȥκ΢оɵӶܿǳͷβݺɱˡ
Ƕˣظȴ߲֮¡ҲҪȥҪȥͨ츮ͨ츮ʧʣԩݺˣɱ㲻ܲܡ
ᱲΪֺη
˿Ѿҹԡ̤СʫĴ˫ͨ츮ǰͱ
ЩɵΪһУɱݣҲǲ̤벽
ʥأȥͨδˣ˵Ҫ̡ѹŭǼ档
ֻǼȴǺã¶м֮ɫ˹ٿأҲʲôطδ˹æûʱ㣬ȥɡ
˵ǼǴ粽ã˵ɵΪӲЩҲסȻǴ۾̫ˡӲͨ츮ǿǴʥҲãϾֻʥ
ŭȴЦһҽãããҸ״ܿ԰ɡ
˵꣬Ȼȡֽңֳдһƪ״ӣ׼ȥġǼҲû뵽ôһУһʱҲ֪ǲ
ʱһطպÿɺ˫
ͨ츮ڣ֮Ǩˣһ㶣漴ǴЦãǶȻǹǾҲ֤ʱҲƿԡΥ游ʵ˼Ҫʳʹ
֮ǨȻ֪ᶫ֮ƢԺϲãȻ֧ԣ˿̽ΪǸ΢ʣ˾ٿ϶вϲ֮ǨȻ
һطʹɺ˫˽

ͨ츮֮ڣѾճһСĿյأ΢һ£Ӱյ˳
ӺͼϵļѾ£ֽϵڣЩʵķԽ΢ɵΪ͹Ϊȫѹס
칭ѾվһЦ
԰ӣһ֮ǨԺͼԱһ٣칭Ŀɽ٣ԷƷ٣Ҳǻ˲˼Ͼⷮǵʱļ֤֮һ
һŽطɺ˫
˾칭˫߬ȭͷǵ⡣
Ӧþ칭ҲǰƷ٣ԱǸƷ٣Ǵ״ҿˣû١üͷֱ壬Ϊһֻеıڣû뵽ġ
طû˵
΢߳˫̾վҪ߹ȥȴԵ¡
ĴˣؾΪܲܿ΢ûбֽšطʱСʵҡͷ£ɵؾȴߵ·ӣصˡܣһȶ޹ƽԡ
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ȴΪϴûб𷣣˷ҲطϸԸ⡣ҲǾ֮ˣһһκû𣬼Ȼһ̣ôһһ˵ʲôһǰڵƢϴ½Ȼ£ڵļı벻ûκιϵ
طˡ
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ط˵΢޵Ǵ˵һġɵǶ΢һ˿ڴ
£Ժڻһ£С΢΢Դ漣澳֮·̣Ȼֿ΢΢طѡ΢
漣ᷢҲҪڳĳģͬʱðΣմ΢ȥ½Ȼһ
˻֮·ֻŪȨƽ⣬ֻǿֻ׸ƣҪֱģطҪߵ˻֮··һζίȫ˻Σ
ʱǺ칭һƷٷ˳֮Ǩ߳΢칭ǰǩ״Լձ֮ԼԼ֮գԼϣԹж
칭Ц΢ͬˣ΢ǰͨڤɽһμ棬գŮɵΪգڵԹٽѹңգ
ʲôС˵־ǣ
΢ֽű£ȴǶ칭漴һЦ칭ΪұѹΪӮˣ


һʮ 
һ΢⻰طɺ˫һŭɫ
ȻǶֽš
СˣʲôƽŭɶҲ֪˵Ҳûκô
Ǳ칭ֻ΢˵󻰣ѹš
ͷӲãұ㿴ôӮ칭˵꣬ϣֱ΢ȥ
ԭʼķʽ΢˺顣
΢ʱҲϣȻǱȶΪȻöֻ΢֣Ȼȫһ붼Ļ֫˵ֻ΢ԴϰһͿﶯá
ط״ѾİŭҲĴûһƽʱŵ̬˫촽£ȥˡ
෴ǱߣһЦݣ͵칭΢飬˽ᡣ
칭һצʱ󣬹񺿣ó칭ĹΪΪǿצ絶ֱɨ΢ϣգ֮䣬ͽһƬ¡΢ƺǺ޷֮Ͼ΢ûѿǶûзֶΣӣʤѾ
ʱɫɣС֮Ǩ壬طθ΢վ̨ҸʵĳʹΪ壬ɲ򵥣ʥºңһʥʣǺã
֮Ǩɨ˶һۣۺɱ΢칭Ǻθɣ
һ仰Ծˣǽ©ͨ츮Ҳ޹΢һ˭ֻĲϧһԩһ鷳ͨ츮ҲԽѵ칭ϣҪȻ˵ǰͷûϸ飬ǽ΢ϵ⿪һ˵˭˵ʲô
뵽ǷĴ󵨵ĿһϷ
΢˿𣬶޷ѿǶֻǱ򣬿˵ʤ㡣칭˿ȲʤȯڳɱУȻǴ΢˺顣
ֻһεոճʼʩĥ΢ʱͻ
΢һӰͻȻ칭͸оһɼΣӭŵĻǲȡ칭ϾǹƵСΪһԶȥ˰벽͸оһֱֱۣӱǺӰקߡ
һֻգ֮䣬칭ȻǶһۣ顱ָҲˡ
ٿ΢Ȼ˫˫ŶУȴǳһֻںĹ֣ǹĴһݵѪڣһһڽ칭Ķϱ̳Խȥ
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˺Ȼ֮ǨǾ˵Ƿŵ˺һ⡭ǹʬצôѧ
𷮴˵ĺȻ칭˿̾Ǿˡ
ֻǸղһ¾ͽҧˣԭҲǱһ֧顣칭ΪôʱｫΪƵСѾ൱ѹ΢ȴû뵽ԷΪѹƵ£һоͽԼС
ȻոԼУǡʬצɲѰٵУҲĹѧ߿˵Ƿëǡ
ҲоŹȴΪʲֻܷ
˭뵽΢Ȼٶ˵ġʬצ¯࣬һоͽԼһۡ
һ£칭Ż顣
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ã΢Ȼͣ칭Ƕ֣ǱߵٷҲǿĶߣ΢һʼʾΪ칭Ȼʩչһٽ칭Сټǰ΢칭ħ˿칭ȻǱƵĵս
΢Ȼ
ǱѹΪѿǶΪλʩչѰٹ޶޷޳ɵġʬצŹ֮
ߵľͲ֮£Ǳ˫ͽȻʼҲһ㶣ܿǼ
ִ磬̫ˣ̫ˣ˫㵸ӱǵĮľ˿̾ȻǼĲѣ֪Ƕˡ
˫Ǵ˷ܣɺͽǾϲ۾һ˫˫ţֻԾܿʩչ֮֮ǰö˿һǵһμôʩչģҪǣ΢ΪԱѹƵʩչֹ
ԸҲ¶⣬Ҳģ֮ǨǱ߻к֡
ǵȷк֣ȴûʩչˡ
Ϊʱͨ츮⴫һ죬涼Ρ˲ʲô£֮Ǩȴɫ䣬ʧͨ츮ظǺ˴󵨣Ӳͨ츮ֱ
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飬ɹٵ
֮Ǩĺǳ⣬ҲĿɿڴһ£ǷҲ̧ͷȥ벻˭Ӳͨ츮
֮ǨɵʿƷɹ٣˿ϽӿǷ𣬵ոڿգͱһǿݺݵѹϵĹٷ֧飬Ǳ
һн󾳵ɹѹƣ˭ɡԼǷٶĿɿڴһš
ֻ΢֪˭Ҳһ㵣û뵽ô˵΢֪Լˡ
һ̣֮ڣǼǿϮ¶ӰһԨһ
Ԩ㣿ôĵǱ߷ٿԨ̾Ҫ򣬺ĻӲ˻ȥ򣿡
ȻҲû뵽ٴ˴ոճֽ֮Ǩľ򣬱Ͼ˼ǻʵĹΪ֮Ǩ֪˶پ硣
˫סˣ칭ֱӱŵڵϣϵĹϢΪǿᣬ˿ǱŭȻסˡ
Ψ΢˿΢΢һЦд󶨡
ʣΪԼģҲˣԼðԼѾûΣգңĲֻ
㡭Ƕĳôĵӣ򣬸ҳײͨ츮Ҳ֮ǨΪǱĴӵŭ۹λΪ̫࣬ϾǾƷɹ٣˿пɽǳŭ⡣
˵꣬һǿѹ£λδ˻˵ȴֱݺݵشڵأϱ϶Ѫˣš


һʮ ôӲ
һΣͨ츮δ˿Ǳ˼㣬ֱӱһѼڵϷͷϣϣѪһƬ˵ĳ
ΧԶˡ
˾Ȼҽͨ츮Ʒɹ֮ǨУ֮Ǩ϶ưոݣԻͶԷݡҪ֪λδ˿ɵ龳ʿѾƽʱ˿Դ
ڣֻǱһƾʹУȥ˰Ŭ˼£ſڵϰû
ˣǾȻҹɹ٣ﰡ֮ǨѪĭͻ˳ŭУһ̣Ȼֹ
һֻЪ˹µѼӣ˺ݺݵĿסһ֮Ǩ۾˲¶ŵɫУа˳ɶǾ֡
˿̵֮Ѿ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һˡ
һۣŨļֱϢ
Ըոջǳ򼸾䣬Ͼ˻֮ӣ˻֮𣬱ȳһҪ߹
Ǵ˿̿ˣԽĻԥ˻ȥˣȻǻ£ͷ亹
ۣŴ󣬶Ŀɿڴֻ˫ϵƾðˣܸо˼һ飬λһ𣬶һָĶ֡
λ٣˵ͨһ͹ڵϣ˾٣ݼǵ޴ˣ
ǵޣ٣
ȻǶǵ޽£Ȼϳǵ޼ҲˣȴûԭֻмԼ
һ£ҲԽסˡ
΢˿Ҳϣǰ񣬽һǴһӣ΢ϵķӡֱӻΪɻҡ
޹ɵֶΣֱǿ⡣
֮Ǩ֮ǰӲĿԣҲǵʮ㣬ΪϾɹ٣ҲпɽĳǵޣӲԼĿɽҲҺͳǵ޵Ӳɡ
ٽ׺ΪҪΪ̫ˡ֮ǨӦѾˣɳɶҪѾ͡ˡ졣
ǿҪԼֱһֻϲ࣬ʵҪף˭׷һλޣ
֮Ǩ԰ٷְٿ϶λԼɳҲΪԼһλǵޡ
ŻˣȫûƽǸ߸ϣϺŵƣ˿̵Ͳ¿ͷˡ
ղ˵˭أƤ̧˵˭֪⻰ǳ˭˵ġ
¡¹٣¹ٲǡǸ֮Ǩֽͣ˵һ仰˵Ըݵ˿Ҳƨҷһ
Ϊ˻֮ӣȻǵ޵ĵλǵ޾סһ㣬˸ǣ˵һӣˣҲλޣɳϣ˻Ҫ޼һЩ˵˻ʣˣԳǵҲÿͿ
ǵΪζѾǷǳԣΪ΢
Դ˿־ŭ벻һƷ٣Ϊܾǵ٣˵ȥǾԲܵ飬˭ţ
ƫƫͷˣҾͷԼǰһʱ䣬ͷһоԼһûŪ΢ĵϸֻ˵֮ǰģǱɽһǣ֪΢ǳǵһôٷְٲ΢
ڣ֮ǨڣҲڣ칭˵Ӹղ٣Ѿסˣ٣ǹһԣҳֻһ£ǾңңȻûá
ʱѾ߹ȥ΢꺮ůԨ΢ļһ仰û˵΢Ľ飬һжڲС
߰ɣ΢׫ɽΪ̴󹦣ؾʯ˴󹦵£˽ǧŵ°Ϊ£Ƕǵ޴˶ˣڣ˭ס㣬߰ɣǻȥʱЦгǵڣҲ˿壬һͨ츮˾ˣҺΣ
΢Ҳû뵽ԼġɽôЧ٣ǱҪлģ΢ǰл£ллԨܹȥлĿɿڴĽɻ˫
΢ûߣŤͷһ۵ϵ칭޴ˣˣˣһһû˽⣬΢λԺ򣡡
ڶ΢ʮøУȻǵͷӦʣԨ˵޴˶ͷĿš
ϵ칭һ£ȴ̧ͷ΢ִˣҡ
칭ûнˣǩ״ֻ˫һ꣬ǽٶ˵꣬΢ٴϣһû˷ӡ΢Ϊָ
칭ŵĵľ֮ǰ΢ΪѹƣáʬצԼˣ΢ΪָôǶ֡
칭һս⣬Ȼǹģһ±˵΢ߵˣǱͷ˶ô˾Ȼ˲
΢ɫģҲǾȻζ칭һӲ̰֮ͽɱ֣΢ֱ̧һָһâ칭Ȼ֧飬˲л꣬һ
칭ĹΪֱӱϣƣҲ
΢һ㣬ͬ칭ɵΪ칭ͬһ̯̱࣬ڵء
΢ٲ칭һۣΪ칭ٲΪӣ΢ɱҲֻа¿ɻ
΢Ҫߣ֮Ǩ̲סˡ
⡭΢ͨ츮ѺҪɳ֪ˣ϶ưոݵģ֮Ǩʱҧ˵Ȼ֪һЩҪ˵
ô˵ʵʱ䣬ͨ츮ػ󷨱ƣɳ̾ͻ֪Ӧúܿͻɹٽ١
֮ǨסޣΪɹܸÿԡ֮ǨһԵĸͷʵ̫ˣд⸱ģ˵Ѿһ涼ûиȻһֻҪиɹٽ٣ĪҪ췴ɳ
ưոݣðұ˵꣬Ҫ뿪ʱѹһһſӰ
֮ǨһܹȥˣΪͨ츮
˵Уһ׵ɳɱмһɹ٣ɹǿ̤֮˵ˡԡ㡣
֪֮ǨҲɳƷ٣ģǳɺͳ˵ɹ˵¶һЦݣŽµԭǽޣ֪ʲôҪͨ츮
ƴкʵʡ
ɨһ۶Էֻ˵һ仰αɣɣҲʱʲôʱ޵ɣͱ˵
˵꣬ȻǴһ˦ɱһɹֱӴһŵС


һʮ 
֮Ǩɵˡ
΢Ҳһ⽪
ֱֹǰԵԵޱȣǺɹô˵ǰƷɹ٣ɱȻǱһƴɽ磬ֱţƶ졣
ڳȫɵˣһ̣ͻȻǰһŽ֮Ǩ߷ڵأͨ츮ţΪ㣿ޣ㣬үүǺܾˡ
Щ£ô˵ǹΪ֮ǨĶĶ֣žߵıȥȥ
һɵʿȻιȥʵͷһݡ
ԭԻ˻֮ӣ϶Լӣڣŵһ䲻ҿԣˣһ١
˼Ҳң
˰ɣոðİƷɹٶһƴȥƷɹٱΣʲô¸ɲ
߹ˣһ۽£ղЦˡ
ɹ٣Сˣǲ£һŭոʩչѻ֪֮΢ǱԩݽģһǾͲ֡ǰҲƵֻ߲ԸΪһЩͨ˺ˣһΣץ΢ŭ
΢˭Ǳ׫ɽˣؾʯ϶˽һɽԿ֮Ĺͨ츮ˣûˡ
ԣνºһӶûи
£
治£ǺεöĳǵޣΪ˵ռǲռˣᣬΣ
һɳʥԺںǳأɽܾ磬ؾʯͬҲһһɽʸʥԺ롰ʥ󡱣Ϊǧĵ䡣
˵ƾһ飬΢ͿʥԺӷͣصͨ츮ҪԸ΢ʥԺҲܴӦ
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ʱһѹ£Ҧʥˡ
ʵ͵ˣһֱͼһţϾ΢ǶˣӦöǵ޳
û뵽ͣȻɳõһƷɹٸ˻ȥ򻹽ͨ츮֮Ǩȥͱ¨ӡ
Ҧʥһͨ츮ȻʧʣôˣҲʵ˹ģ
̲ˣ԰ɣ֮ǰ˵ʲôҪúýѵͨ츮ùȨĹԱ˸Ѫͷô־òˣĪʥԺλʥ׸ƣӲڰײֵͷ
ޣ˵ҵȶȻԾǶԣǴͨ츮⣬ҦĳԻλʥ˵һɳɳøͣʹȨ֮ˣǴҲԡ
Ҧʥû˵꣬͵ҦʥĪǳǿˣ٣Ӧô򣿡
⡭Ҧʥһʱ䲻֪
Ҳ΢ͨ츮Ѻ죬˶ٿ̣ĥЩУô۸˾ͿԣǾͲУʡ
ҡҦʥ˵ȵ΢㣬εû˴㣬㣬ʹỵ̈
У΢شļΪɴ࣬ѾҦʥȻʮϡ
Ҧʥһֱۣӵã˰ɡˣ˾ȳˣ΢һһʥԺ
ʱ򽪰µڲУ΢ҪȻ硣
˵ʵ¸ոһŭ֮½ǰƷɹٴȥļƻסҦʥˣҲӲֻǳ΢΢ġɽǿȺ֮λʥ޲ڣҼλʥѾƾ١ɽʥԺ󡯣дɾʱҪһˣպ㣡
˵꣬ҦʥҲǻһ⣬ʧ١
΢Ҳ𺳣Ǽǵãһдԭ桶ɽ٣û٣ʥԺдɾǺεҫ뵽ҲһʱЩʧ
߰ɣɸǰһ鷳Ҳ΢ܾһ˦ǹһī磬΢Ԩһߣʧ١
΢ѾҲߣʱӦ֪˵ز˾æ̤УҲǴŽط˫뿪
һֳֻʮѾɵͨ츮Լԡٺ칭
ǷĿɿڴһĻ⣬ʣ˵ǴĴʱһ仰˵Ҳٺкֱץס̱ʵ칭ȥ
ɫ԰ףǰ벻ᷢչز
˵벻Ҳû뵽
ʹ֮ڣЦǺǵĿŵطϽһ䱦һϺŵ֬ɵ̡
öȻһʯһĵ񹤣Ȼ·ֱһϡ䱦ڽ֡
һźŵ̫๬Ůóڴ˿鼫á
ʱһ̫༱Ҵҵܽ
žһ
Ǽֵǵֱʧˤڵϣһء
һ˲䣬ڵɫͱļΪѿûµƬǽ̫๬Ůȫ˳ȥֻƬֻ̣֮ʣһˡ
Ӱǵ޽ǵ飿ڻǲš
һԣӰƾճ֣֪ǣ֮ǨʹȥɳһλƷɹҲֱӴ˻ȥ
ǿֱǿһӰеĿЦһǽǳǵޣɣˣ˼ҲңңʱĻʥԺҦʥ
ڳ˼ã૵£ȵΪֹɡȥ飬΢ʲôͷ
ؾ
ٵõϢٶ˹һƷСһԵͬţ΢ʲôͷ
̫ǵ޴Ѿ΢ġɽ򣬲ҷԸʮ¼ҹͣĳ¼ĲᣬٰݶҿᣬȻǴŰ΢¾ҪһɳˡһƷЦ
ҿһƷӦû⣬˵ǰƷοܻƷ
ƷҾƷпܣ˵΢ǰֻǾƷż꣬زֱǰδУ٣û˵
ǰˣһа
п΢˿ȴǶŵؾʯԼǰɫм
ؾȻǵؾֲǵ޶ΪԼȥͨ츮ҫؾʯ֮棬ɾͽǵؾϿɣһԼͨ츮ĪеⶪǱֲýŭ
΢õͨ츮ˣ£޶ţԼҪ¡
΢ؾʯϼ¼׫ɽĹ£תΪΪʲôʱҪʲôʱ򶼿ȡʱһ˵Ѿǻȥǵ޺εݣȻ΢
л򣬾ǲ֪ؾΪֶ٣΢ʱ˴ּһԨһЦ⹦Ϊû٣һʮ꣬Ҳǽ󾳣ҵʱһΪûУΪľȻҪ࣬ڵĹΪѾǻƵСйΪҲδع硣


һʮһ 벽굤
Ԩ˼΢ȻһľͰΪľͰеˮľͰȻΪȻͻơȻ鶯ġľͰС͹ƵġľͰСǲͬġԨʮ£Խ鶯͹ľͰɻƵġľͰʮ֮һ಻
΢α׫ɽҲǴ󹦵£⹦תΪĹΪж٣˭֪ԨʮһҲҪ࣬΢ѾǹƵСܳԨºܶ࣬Ǻͻƾ硣
ʱ΢ҲǹһЦ޷²࣬ҲֵܵĿޣ˵Ѿ㹻ˣޣҵٶѾǷǳˡ
΢ôһ˵Ԩ򶼷Ӧ
ǰڼǰ΢ûĹޣ׿ԽƵСҲҪʮ꣬΢̶ʹﵽ̶ȡ
΢˵Ķԣܵؾθ˶ٹܣܻɶΪҪǰ׵õģȻãҲûʲôҲǵͷֵֻΪǲеģùΪȻҲֻһռӡ
˵꣬ͻȻʲô΢ʵˣ˵ΪѹƵ£ܽͬǻƵС칭Уõʬצ
΢ͷȻס΢ȻŹڼĹ΢Ҳڱ׫ɽĸֵ伮ʱ֪Ź֮¾ˡ
ʬצһٸֻһɵҪǿ츳΢ڱ׫Ŀһʱ侹Ȼˣһóһ칭ʬצ΢ҪӮҲô򵥡
׿ԽʱҲǳһ䣬˵ʵҲʬצͬûɣܲɹΪ޹أȫԡ
ֵܣʲôʱȡؾ£Ԩһ䡣
ղײգͽɣ΢̧ͷ˿ؾʯȻʮ֣صĳԨһݡ
΢ѣҵȣ˶΢ģ˵꣬΢һס
ֵܣõ˵ЩԨ˵һҲǹһЦһƪԾǻǰծˣֻϧǡɽԭѾǱ޴˸ղˣϱɳʥԺĶǳ޴˶Ҳʮϲ
˵£΢ǼΪģλǵ޴˼ֱǰ˼㣬һ㶼ûиǼɹ棬ֶοᣬʵ΢Ĵ㻤Լ󣬴ɹ٣ɳǱ߶ȻӦºԼ˵زʶΪԼһ㣬ֿ֪ԿסϹ١
΢ΪԼΪɽýλ޿أֻȻ֪ɽֻһԭ
һԭȴһܣ֮ҲǼ֪ͨڤɽǡħʬķӡ֮أʱ΢鼱֮²һά֣ǹħͳˡ
Ҫ˵£Ĺ£Ϊһٶ֪ȶ顣Ϊأܱ¶΢Լ֪һ󹦡Ȼ֪ºͼ֪Ȼ΢ȹϴûбνˣܱͨ츮ǰݺûСɽ£Ҳܲ΢
ǽԳֵԭ
Щ飬΢֪ͨ£ʶº֮жԹҲǴ˾η
ȻͳɵҲɣ޳֮ݺء
Ż̽ΪɽȡĹ»ΪΪ΢ƵСȻѾ൱ܶطȥ磬Ա֮ĸֱ̫
ɵΪ΢ڻȡصĹؾ֮ǰֻܽΪ󾳡
󾳾Ҫֹͣ磬ͬ߾ŵˣԷڵأ΢Ҳһ
˵΢ѾȡƬͼеƬƺ롰ؾֻһ֮ң˭֪⿴ƶ̶̵һȥҪá
һ꣬ʮꡣ
ʱ䣬ԼǷɵԲ̤ؾ벽ʱ΢ɵΪֻ󾳣ǲٿһΪʲôų棿
ԹΪ΢Ҫľֻһ£Ǿǿ
˵ؾʯǰһʯ̨ϣ΢ִڵؾʯϣ΢֮ǰ֣һɹɰ֮ɫʯֶȥ
ҪؾתΪΪҪؾʯؾΪҪϣֻĳϣܹͨؾȡΪӳ֡
ȻڡඥһΪ벻˭ԻõģǱȻҪһЩ¼ؾϿɵ飬˹ܣתΪΪע֮ǰԨۣʮĹܻܣΪƷܴ֮̾ûйΪ󾳡
ڵ΢ҲһԨĹۣ΢һͣƾһɽͻ˱ԨҪĹܡ
ͿЩܿתΪΪ
΢Ŀִؾʯʼ衣ʮʥҲݴϣԴ˿̵ĵؾ֮ڣ΢ͼĹ֮⣬˶ڴȺ
ӸλȻǹæһʱȻȥˣֻԨȴԨֵһʱǱ߾˵ȴԨҡͷ˷ֵȡΪӦõǱߵ飬ȷһţرҪ飬λйȥᡣ
һʱɺ͹Ҳ˻ǣǰ΢йĴСһƬ΢ȻȥͨڴԪȴСĵˣ֮ǲŹ
֪΢ȡؾĹΪʹͣһ档
ֵһ˾´˺;ҲˡҲ˵΢飬ǿɽ֪֮ǳǵ޽ȥͨ츮΢ӡ΢Ҫɻڴˡ
´ϻ΢Ϲ٣ȻҪĺ΢ϵҲһ
ˣ´ǰԨԨͷȻɿŴ
ֵƬ̣ˡ
ŰƷѲιٷִ˿ƺ㣬ĹΪѾǻƵ󾳣굤ҲֻһڰƷٵѾǼΪġ
˭֪ĶӣΪô̫ڿڣʲôöûУʲôùûУټֱʾͼǿԲƵ󾳵Ϊ
֪λȡؾΪĸ磿ʱҲΪìܣ΢ĹϵȻϣ΢ΪԽԽãҲЩϾ΢ԴҪã⻹Ȳ΢ʵЩ޵ݡ
ܿ־ͨˣСֲԼģؾΪҲ˭ܻȡ˭뵽СӾȻд飡
̲ס̡
ʱ΢ĸʱ֮һֱӴӴð
һ̣˶һ㶡
Ԩϲɺ͹Ŀɿڴǵ۸ӦƬ̣漴СӾȻ޳ɰ벽굤ˣ


һʮ ؾ֮
ĸʱ֮ǰؾ
΢ĿȫǰԨ̵ľϾ֮ǰ΢û˽Ӵؾ
ؾǲ򵥣֪˵絮֮ʱѾڣǺľԼɽͬʱʥҲ˵ؾԭֻһ֮ʯɳɵۡƳ֮ͨʯؾģҲ֧һĻʯɻȱɳϡ
ڵؾĴ˵΢ֹһһһڣԼƾ⴫˵еʥ֮ϡ
Ȿһҫ
΢˼һ󣬾ȴʼԸֻԨļһʱûӦ΢Щʧţ᲻ʲôطûŪԣۣ׼ȥԨ
΢֮ȴĿɿڴ
֣ԼһֵĵطΧѾ֮ǰĵؾһǺɫʯͬ˷ǧ澵ӵĵط
ÿһͬľʯϣ΢Ӱӣȥ飬ʮֵĹ졣
ûһ˿磬ûκ΢һʱ䲻֪ʱ΢ۺӦ͵ػͷվһˡ
һźСȹСͷ͵ģͬɫʯһķΣʮֽСɰ
΢ȴٴУС￴޺֮ҲǺ޷֣ͬһͨˣȴǽȻ෴
СŮͷϣа˲޹ͷɡǣƫƫ΢ʲôоۣЩ
΢ͷƤ飬˵ûͷƤĽˡ
ҪΪʲôԭܼ򵥣֮ǰ΢ĶǵͷϵĹȸǣҲֻ㣬СŮѹǹȸǣеǰ׹ǣеǹͷеޣе΢ѹʶ
ô㣬СŮȽҪ
΢ҲСŮǸʲôɲʲô΢ԼƵС˼ǲֵһᡣ
ȻˣԴٴиƨð
뵽΢뿪ˣŶԷʲôҪʲôʲôԼš
˭΢һ䡣
дĺܺÿСŮһ䡣
ллʣ˭΢ʡ
ҺϲСŮٻһ䡣
㵽˭΢
磬׳ɽаԼ֪»ر𡣡СŮ
΢ЩȦˣСŮǲ˻ֱǴʡ˵Լ飬ʣ϶ǡɽ
ʱСŮһ΢ëȻ⡣
ôʵġ
ܿң
΢һһӦǻˣһ˿϶ǿģԼ۲ſԣһǱ¶ۣ
Ҳǵһˣһڵ£΢ͿۿǹŹֵӰԱСŮǼӰҪˡ
ھǲҲˣ΢ֻҧ˵ͷʾԼܿ
ҿԼСŮ¶һźȻֻһСŮģ˿¶ı飬ȴ΢ûɵһۡ
ôᣬﵽǾ΢һ˵һܿȥĻ˻ȥ
ΧͬһľʯϣȻûСŮӰӡ
΢һоһЩ£СŮһź֮ɫЩͬ顣Ҳ֪ǹʹʲôģ΢ȻǵкѣҸ㻭һ㲻ͿԿԼˣ
ģ˻д飬ửðһСŮȻЦָоͬһ㣬Ŀ
һСŮСһӣȻУԱ߳һӣֽ̨
֮ãˡ
΢֪СŮΪһǵĳֲ˼ĳ̶ȣΪոСɷҲһ㡣
ɣСŮȡʵݸ΢Ȼվǰ棬΢ա
΢Ȼɻ󣬵ʱҲǰЩ뷨ִ΢˭黭ңһʦѾ˻һ㣬ֻƬ̣ͻһͼ
΢ϸһһͷ亹ȻʧˣϵСŮòȻԶ
ôˣ΢ͷһ£ǰǴӲʧ֣ǽһŻ˺ػ
ôСŮʡ
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û𣿡
ٵȵȣš
ва
ˣˣ
΢ʮΣûгɹȻһαһλ񣬵΢ܾʲôطԣǾûһ㣬˺˼
Ҳ֪˶ã΢һȥŵ˵ͷһﻭ˵ôһ㣬Ѿоųɾŵƶˡ
΢ѾոգоԼһ󣬾ȻоûͻƵʦͻƵļҪ֪΢˵ĺ¡
ˣСŮʵ
΢±ʣݹȥСŮһϲҿԼˣҿԼˣ̫ˡ
ĸˣ΢һҲʮο
СŮúõȻŤͷ΢һ۵ܲҪģҲҪĶ
˵̧һӣһΪͬһĹΪȻͬ׵һ㣬΢
ǣ΢һоԼĹΪȻڷǱĿǽֹǱĹ죬˿ΪϹ̺Ϊ
˿΢ÿһκһĿޡ
΢ĹΪڿţԭǻƵСΪرȹ̣˿̲ǸΪȹɽϰٴκ΢ĹΪȻǴӻƵС˻Ƶ󾳡
Ѱ궼Դɵͻƣ΢Ȼڶ̶ʱͻˡ
΢Ѿ֪ǵؾĹΪ벻˵ֱԼʱ䣬Ϊ
ѾѰֶˣҲ
ΪڼͻƣƵ󾳣Ƶ۷壬벽굤
΢һɾǿΪඥȻ֮šһӰԹ֣ǼΪҪһ̣һӰʹ굤һӰӳΣô굤Ǵˡ
΢굤Сֻơ
ܵϱǰǿϢ΢ȻϲѰ޵ܶﲻľ磬ԼѾﵽˡ
벽굤ΪҲһЩرĳϺˡ
֮£΢۾ҪСŮлһֻص˵ؾͷ·û뿪һ
΢ԨܽûзӦֻߣӦˣֻΪ뵽һ£Բŷ㶡
뵽ˣСŮ˭
̧ͷ˿ǰ޴ĵؾʯ΢˿Կ϶ոƯĲ˵СŮǵؾ֮顣
Ե˵飬ľ飬͸˵ؾʥˡ
Լոں͵ؾ֮棿ʵ˵Ҳûš


һʮ һ粨
΢ڵؾͨΪඥΪӻƵСһԾ벽굤ڶˡ
΢ϵõȻǾ̾ľ̾ϲĹϲ΢ϵãѹû΢ˣ󲿷ֶǼʡ
ûǼʣǳļʡ
ţҲ٣ûһ΢Ϊô죬벽굤Ҫ֪кܶƷٶûдﵽ굤ٹɢﲻ硣
΢޵Уֻһʱ䡣
¼Ĺٷ֣Ͷʱ΢ٶȾǶһݡ
Ϊֻһ棬йλ
΢׫ġɽѾǵһ飬Ѿ¼֪ٷ·˾УǶһĹڹԱ˵˹١
˭֪΢ҪˣѾǰƷ٣ôƷ
ܶٶ⣬˾ùһƷȽϺʣӰƷƷҲٲΪ΢Ĺ̫Ҫ֪Ǳ׫һ飬ֻһƷʵЩСˡ
ԣ˾΢ܻƷ١
ƷƷ΢ʱλãͬûйġ
˸ˡ
ǳ˲΢ҪǶ΢Ͼ΢ͨ츮ץס飬֪ˡ
Ϊ˽¾΢ȳǵ޶һɳá
΢вŻ٣˹Ҳ٣Ʒв˰Ȼᱻͨ츮ץͨ츮ǸʲôģרץΥɷ˹ٵģ΢һ⡣
ûӬ޷ĵˣ˹ΣĪǻܽһ΢ڹǲ֪֮ǰһɳĺѣǶ˵
£ô£ɳǱ߱ȻӦҿ΢ܶùһ㲻ʮ壬ˣҲñ
֮ߣȥ޴࣬΢Ĩڣڹ
ãߣ
һʱԷ΢ǻص˴ԪҲ֪ԼĿʷ֪ͻȻԼһ粨ж
Ԫڣ͵ϵ˿ڴӴԪϲϲժµ²ƵĲˮƷ˼ڣȻŵľַش֮СѣǷͷ̫ˣ֪ж˼㰡ٳΪϧ˺Ƥಲ̫ˣҲһЩԲߣȻ⴫ŪˣǾ鷳ˡ
΢ǹһЦ˵˵ȥһܹܵס˼ҵ죿
㵹ǿÿϵЦЦˣ΢һ㶼ûе£˵΢г񣬼ȻˣԼֺ롣
΢ȻɧţȥǲС
˵⴫֮ĴȻҲЩ£Ͼ΢ʱԸţȷŵĵţǱǿǺá
ʱµĹߵҲЩţ΢΢ֻһ仰øʲôʲôͽµ˹ȥ
Ȼһ΢ﾹȻңҲר΢
˵֣㵹ڣ֪֪Ǳ߶ֵĲɿˣ״ڹϣ϶ӰļνȥҪپˣӰĿ;Ȼ̽ڷˡ
ǰ΢ΪٳӰԶ֣Ƕ̶ʱ䣬΢Ϊϳ֣λҲҪŻˣ˵Ѿ΢˻ﻥѡ
΢٣Ǻ£Ϊ΢Ȼ΢ùʲôô̲
̶ʱ䣬Ѿвʹ΢ͬ⣬ϵɣߣԨЩǵ΢ˣ΢ûбֵ̬ĺûʲôϵƵġ
֣㵹˵仰ȻЩż
΢ֵһ㣬Ȼŵǳ˵Ӧô
ֵȻǳ񶨣еҥԴơ
Ȼأ΢ʡ
ûȻˣһ粨ӡ⻹ֲˡ
΢̾˿Ҫ˵Ϊ֮ԨҲȲΪ˵΢΢һǳ̫Ŀٳķ粨Ե޹ʣһɷ粨ֹܴģ΢Կ϶Ʋ
£ܻ񣬸ʲôûŪ¶ͷΪʱܻܿԴ
Ǿ仰΢ǰԿԶˣܽˣ£ҪסҪϸ۲죬־˭һʼôҪʾöԷΪռƣӶһֻҪʱǻ¶š
΢ȻЩԼҲֺƢˣ۸ǰԨֵĽ飬ԼͣͺˣĻûκʧԼѾ𣬽ͲãԼǻһϵ鷳Է϶˳ʹˮ
Լ΢ֳܼȴƵʵϣ΢ڰռ鱨
ӵؾʱ΢ܶϢϸѾüĿ
Ȼ΢ԭһǾԼһ粨Ȼңͳǵ޶ûκα̬
ûб̬õı̬˵ǻ֧Լġ
΢ΪôһС¾Ŵң޴Ȼʧ֣ңȻ޴˶֧Լǻʲôµģ
ôĿľҪĨԼԼ;Ŀνգ΢ǲҳĻַԺƵ˻ˡ
ǹٳеʱ򲢷ͬ칭ǰ̨ϽжʱϢĽ
˭ⳡռƣȫԵֶˡ
΢ȱֶΡ
ȻżĺʲôƵģ΢ƽ糣Ҳ˻⡣
֣ǰūڿɺã΢δūҲ֪Էôˡ
һΪˣְ΢һۣʦãˣҼͷԴΪͽǸˣˣһأ㣬ڵĵλҲһǧɰ
ȻֿЦĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
ֵʦڱչϳ˹²£ڵΪʲôˣ
΢ϴμѾȪС⼸ȥô˵ҲӦлƵ˰ɣ
ʲôƵ󾳣ǻ굤󾳣㣬⣬λʦóصʱ򣬾ͻ굤󾳣ţҼͷѾɽӰˡһĳԴףȲٶֱȲ㣬˵ôʶ̬


һʮ 
굤𣿡΢ҲĿɿڴҪ֪˵ؾ֮ĴܴӻƵС벽굤⻹굤Ҫһ¿޲ȹΪ̤굤С
ٶѾ൱ˣɰūȻҪﵽ굤ˡ
ԼľеؾעΪİȻᱻūô࣬ʵЩ˼顣
ǰʦñչأҲһˣˣ㱻ץҲûҼͷ˵ġֵ΢˵ͷȻ⡣
˵˼䣬΢ֺߣǷĿǰõϢ֮Լһ޴粨ʣĿľΪ˶ԸԼĨڣԼ٣һɷ粨γǿѹ֮ƣ޴Լ̣΢Ѿ˼ʼٸߡ
ʱһֻֽסֽƳɵģٶȼ죬Ȼ˺͹ǰ˲ϢǧҲҹǧ
ǵԴԪӵһִѶٶȼ죬ӴԪֽװտɵ
ֽһǰ΢͵һշҰȻҰǰȥҶ죬ƽ
̽ϢǶǿȻڵĶδܴ飬֮ڵ飬ﲻ֪ܲ
΢ɣԿ϶һԼķ粨Ļ֮˵УȻԼھĶͷ
ʱͨ츮ûмٹȵˣºһҲûκϢ΢ûŹˡ
ٹȵ꣬ȻͻȻ֪ȨƶԸԼʣΣ˵ٹȵ˱Ҫ鷳
Ը΢취ٹȵͬ΢а취ҲҲǰ״һ΢Ҷһ¾ö̽Ƿٹȵ˵䡣
һ£Լһ͵֮磬ûв룿
΢һˣڲȷҲпܣЩҪȷϡ
̽Ϣټ֮ǰ̽½Ȼ飬΢ƽ϶Ѿ³Լ˭΢£ƽĺܣ֪ʲô˵ʲô鲻˵
ɻֽͬһ䵽΢ǰ΢ֽչһͿƽ֡
ݺ٣ֻĸ֣ڡ
΢ˣԹȻ˽΢۾ԼΪͨ츮֮һЩû뵽Ȼ䱾ˡ
԰ԣԼԹң΢˵һ䣬Ѿ˴㣬΢ǸطֵģԵó԰طһѣ΢Ҫ£бԼˡ
ʱҹһ紵ɴˡ
ţҸ㣬ɳҦʥ˽ʥԺ׼ڴԪͺ΢ţͺִˣҲ΢⽻ġ
˿ĽͼϾļʶʥԺǿ˲õĵطȻȥ΢Ҳʮֵĸˡ
΢ͷʱƺʲôֹ΢ѯʣɲŵЩֵԽԽˣˣ˵Ѿкܶȥҳǳǵȥ״˵ӦɳãӦ㱳ڹ
΢ǺһЦ֮ǰô˵ô
Σˣ㻹ЦóǶˣû뵽һΧٻô࣬˵һЩĹҲַ㣬ˣйʿҲ˵֮ǰʱͺΪѹĹ١

΢ˣһʿɱ˸ɷһˡ
Ϊ˵ģɣôڷһˡ
΢ֻоЦҲȷû뵽֮ǰһ˿̾Ȼݱ˴ķ粨֮ơ
Ҫ֪ԼǱ׫ˡɽĹһܵؾļνôʱ䣬˸ת˹ԼһȻǳ˹˺
˵޺ͳûб̬΢ҲǲΪһЩûиݵĶ̰˾ͰԼĹ٣ôȥԼȫˡ
˵ʵ΢֪ô֣ҲĽԼǽţ΢ɶ¡ҲܾôǰﱰС˸ˣ˵ǵĿġ
ôô֣ɳϣǲŽ鷳˵£֮ǰ͵ɳãɳǲǲŽ˹
Щ֡
Ǳô˵΢һ䣬Ѿ֪±˰ƶԱҲ΢ڵЩٺһЩ֣ڮԼЩ٣ֻǵͼ٣ƷϵٶûвЩ
΢µϲԼпԼ;֮·϶᲼
Ҫǣɳɹٲ΢ܶĿ꣬ڻûɹ٣Ȱɳøˣ϶ʲô¡΢ڣ±ԼĪǱ˴׼
ҲżĲˣڶвڸţ˵Ҫ㣬Ҳ֪Ǻã˺ü򣬲ʲôû˵ʵʵ˵΢˿
û˵Ѿ̬ȣ֧ԼģҼȻ֧ԼǽӦҲһ
ûи棬ԼĴ㣬΢µóǵ㵱УһȻҪԼδ¡
ϹٶԼһ顣
ǶԼԨ٣µģûµģһȫ¶˳
ϹֶΣ΢̾һ䡣
˰Ҳ취ɣҾϲãӦһվ˵Ȼûٵ˻ԽԽࡣɿ˵΢ԽԽ࣬Ǹ֮ڣȻҲвٹٶ΢˵ġϵҲܵЩ˵ż
ʱ򣬶ҾվҲܻ;棬ЩĨڵбңǹӦҲĳЩ˵ļƻ΢˼ָ˵һ仰ȻȥϢ
ɻȰȰ΢˼ֻҧȥϢ
ʱ֮ڣֻʣ΢͹ڴ֮ڴԪӵ
գҦʥȥʥԺԸҵǰҲQˣ죬㿪ʼɡطٹȵˣ֮ǨЩҪԸҵˣƣǾͿ˭ù΢ֽʣϡ
ϵֽʣ΢룬Ѿ˼ƽϡպīʼдһ΢дļΪ棬ʦñī飬һд֣ͽ嵱Уÿһֶͬһ㡣
ͷһǣؿգꡣ볣󣬰ɡ΢ʿ
΢дԩ״


һʮ Ҧʥ
΢дԩ״дԼԩ״
Ϊԩ״
ԩ״Ϊԩ״ԩ΢Լԩ״ǷٹȵݺԼͨ츮֮ǨǷǣȨܻɳǰܻɳɵ⻹һƪ״΢ĲɣҲ֡
³ĺɹȨҲֻϰǷֱ棬ͻ˵šԨΪƵƶ̣ӡҲøӲȴԭҲ˳ˮƴҲ㲻ֺôΪءҲ졣ֻ
΢ԽдԽȵд֮һƪ״ϾȻʣɢʥ⡣
Ȼʥֻһ˿һȴǻʵģ΢οûġʥ壬Դġ塱
Ȼ⡰塱Ҳ΢һо壬վȴִſһñī飬Ȼǽ΢ḻΪԺһ£˵ǲ塣Ȳݣһ֣̾ˡ
д״֮״ۼòɢԼһһ˿ԡ
΢дԩ״״ϴŭԩƺҪȥȥ˸״΢ְ棬ʱδ
״ƺһ㣬⾹Ȼƽȥǰ
΢ҲΪȣû뵽Լдµһ״ӣ˱仯ԽԽãһԼķŻЧ
һԩ״΢ſͷƺԿݶĿһ
ЩСֻ֪ıƣãξͺǶ˭ʤ˭

˵ڶգ΢ϣһԨһǰ޵
⻹΢ͷһ޵ѾǰƷ٣ͷһ޵˵΢ˣԨƷةһ£Ҳûʸ
޵ɭ׳ۣĹһϢǿ󣬲΢ҲǽȣڹΪҲǰ벽굤޵Ҳǰš
ſڣ΢ͿһװҦʥһվ˵޲ڳ΢һˣºεݣҦʥҲҪרųӭ㣬ɳһ˾ʦڵͬǱ˿
΢˵أˣҦʥģһȥɽʥԺһɽʽʥ׫ߣڳ΢ˣЦ˵
¿ҫԼϽгôһҲǴй⡣
΢ԨǰҦʥ
΢ȥɽ磬㻹ǰȽϺã˵ͬɵ͹ɽŨΪ㣬޷ɽ֮ǰȥԡɽ֮УΪҲ洦ҦʥЦ΢һѣ΢ͷл
Ǳ߰ɣȥȡȻȥɽ磡ҦʥҲ΢һ򣬺ߵͷ΢ŵãҦʥš
˵ţҪ΢ߣʱ޵һ΢ȥɽ磬ɶ⣬ˣȥ˾ְɡ
ͬף΢֪ǳǵ޽µͣ½Ųת
΢Ԩ޵
Ԩϲɫ΢˾ǺõطеʵȨã޴˸յ˾ְвɹ޴˵ء
΢ȻҲ֪˾ǼܶйɵţȨ
´˾٣Ǹ΢һǶ裬Ҳ΢ı֣Ǹ΢ֽ׶Σʺ㷢չҪЩʥƼۡ
΢Ȼеף΢л޴ˡ
˵꣬Ҧʥ˴棬ҦʥԪڣֱȡһ֣дһ֣ңΡ
Ʈݣһ
һҦʥʩչֶΣһ֣΢ðһɽ⽫Ƕ˰ȻǿתƣӰֻƬ̣ǰâɢȥǴԪ
Ԫͷһɳʥ٣΢ڸ߿վʹȥôԪӭʥ
ǣɷϡ
΢ɵСɵΪߣȥԪеӣϵȫ
һϰԪʿ룬ӭɳʥ
΢ʦڣҦʥô˵ó൱ġ
ҦʥܽҴԪͷһɳʥӭӦõģֻϣҦʥҪͺá΢˵зִ磬ųе仰˵Ҧʥ
棬ȨͷлȵȴԪӣһһٶˣȫ
Ƕܼ
Ҫ֪ΪʿԸǳɳʥɳ֮˶ҪĴڣ˿һλɽʥ٣˭һ˷ɣ
һΣĲˡȨϵҲǵۣлµʥ
һӵĵʿҲԪ͵ϵСʿѾǳϻ̳Ͽ֣ϵϵ飬˵ӸڽŵĶ
΢ҦʥأԪڵһҦʥ˵˼䣬ʱ΢ϣԴӴ߳ҪҦʥϢһ£һ衣
ȻֻǿԪѰʿ˵Ũ֮أԪĲѰʿ˵ҲǲöƷһʥ⻹治ʲô
Ҧʥܣֻ˵ʱȣ΢Ҳõ飬ȡһЩƷҦʥǰɽ硣
ΪˣɣǸ߸ϵģͬɽڷ˵ϣĵط
΢ҲһΪˣ⻹ͷһǰɽ硣
һңΡ֣Ҧʥ΢ɽ硣Ӱɢȥ΢̸оһͣͬǧصһ㡣
ԣҦʥҪɽɽ֮ͨʿܸģҸдһ֣ɵɽѹҲһЩ
˵꣬Ҧʥƾȡֽʣɷ裬д£װһֻ˸֡
΢ȻһЩжʥֶҲǼΪ˵ʥɵΪʥλͨЩɱʥǵֶΡ
ǾĲ֮⣬ѣϷ˼䣬أ̻ˣ̩ɽҲɷ絶ƽɱݺᣬɱ
ʥ֮С
Ҧʥһ֣Ϳ赲ɽͨʿѹֶΣͳҲδ
лҦʥ΢һ¿ȥ˿Ҧʥվһ֮һͤлľСֱͨ£Ʋͤ塣
Ҧʥ΢˿һۣһ㶣һ˵ԭҦʥ֪Ǻδ


һʮ о
֮ԲͨʿĿ⣬΢Գܣ΢ۣһ۾Ϳͷɵɡǣȴɡǣ˵ˣɽ֮Ϊαɣֽеɡ
ƽٳɣƽʱ˸ԪǳɣҲˣαɡ
α޲ɽʱˣΪˡαɣɽ˵ǱȱȽǣţëΪʮʿɽ٣оŸΪαɡ
αҲɹ٣ʶҦʥ
ŶԭԺλչ٣ҦĳйˡҦʥȻ̫ϲˣ˵һҪ΢ߡ
ֻԲôˡ
һҦʥ½һ˵٣ͨ츮׽ù鰸֮󣬾ȻǱӣǻͨ츮Ǻεϧˣ˵ö֮˵ʥԺȻдһ鵱ɱҪ˴ʥԺνĪǣ˰ɣ
ƣ΢ǵ⡣
ҦʥһǲʥԺ£Ժ𣿶£һȥ
΢һһãҦʥһˣʥҲǳڳɡ࡯ܶԼƢ
˹Ҳ֪˵ҦʥԳ΢ɵϣ㻹ɽ磬һɳþͻὫץȥնꡣ
΢ƢҲãԼ˭˭ˣͨ츮ڰײ֣ȨݺԼ
Ҫ˵Ƣ΢˾һߣҾһɣҲһɹٶ˵һʲôɣϣǽ˽ȥ΢βա
΢λ˵Ǳ޳֮ˣ˭
չһ㶣ֻ˴ԣ֪΢ʲôȻǱһס΢Цһ̵Ժչ٣Ȼո߳԰ɣ
˿ԽʽʣչһЩԣԷó飬ȻǵȻɳԺ֮٣ܲգ
Ҿǲһоֶⲻˣô˼˵Լ壿΢¶ΪмĳЦ顣
ƨȻ˵ҵȲ壡һչٷŭˣֻ΢ֱӾܱһҦʥȻῴ΢Կһֻ֣Էѹ˻ȥ
ԴСԺ˻ҪҪҪҪҦʥһͨɹĿɿڴ
Ҧʥ޹أС˵ǲ壬ҵȵ裬ɱɱĸһĴ˵¾ԲꡣչȻŭˣһĵ̬
΢ûӸʲôҦʥҲЩջ˵΢һ䣬΢ҲգǳԺɹʵұû˵Ǿǲ壬ĪǸ˵Լܽ⿪ϵо֣
΢ڶᵽо֡չҲһ㶣Ǹոյȷоо֣˵оǧǰһֱܽ⡣
ɼȻǧ꼶Ĳо֣ôܽ⿪ⲻɣⲻо־˵壬ԺʮССɹ٣ʥǶ壿
ǹҲ磬ܴ谡
Ժɹٵŭоܽ⣬֮˭֪СӲĲ壬⺺¶֪֪Сˡ
˭˵оܽ⣿΢Цһ͵һأԺԱҲ磬΢ܲ
ո΢Էϵľо֡˵ǧǰλʥʱףʱΪһЩԭλʥûнʧ٣ֻһǧѽĲо֡ǧɽ磬˽磬磬֪ٶ֮˶о޷ƽ֡ƫƫ΢ֵ֪ƽ֮Ϊһ΢ʱɽһʥ⿪֡
ʱνǾһʱɵ΢һϲ黭黭˫Ȼһ㣬ƽֵʥƽĹ̲£΢Ҳ֪оܾã˵·
һֵƽ⻹ʮ꣬Ȼǻûƽ⣬΢˵ԺԱ壬ڹס
Ȼһԥڵ˽
˭˵оܽ⣿΢һ䣬βԺĹԱҦʥҲĿɿڴһ΢æ΢оֿǡ
΢Ȼ֪ҦʥΪԼãСҦʥ΢д㡣
Ҧʥε̿΢г񰡣Ȼɻ󣬵ҲˣֻһԿš
ԺԱѾŭЦЦ֪С˼˵он⣿
н⣬Ǿǲ塣΢Ц
ǲ壿ããܺãԺԱѾǿҪ裺ǣôƽ⡣
ƾʲôǣ΢Ц
飬أ
Ҧʥ΢ɹٵĹûӣ΢⻰̫ˣԺɹٱӶˣҦʥԺЦﻹʮֵ΢òƽ֮ʱǴ˴
߳ŭʲôãǲҿԸǣҽ⿪ô˵΢֪ˣٶǣһ׼ƴ˵ҦʥڣҲա
һ΢⻰Ժɹ̺ԥǽ⿪о֣ҵȰΪʦˣʲôҾʲô
ʹ죬Ҧʥ֤ҽ⿪ˣǿǰʦġ΢ЦˣҦʥдģ΢𰡣оԺʥⲻôܻ⣬ˣҲ֪˵ʲôֻǵͷ
ţСǽⲻأԺɹٴɱʵ
΢һЦⲻƾǴá
˵ģ
˵ģ
ã
У
˫ǽˡ
ʱ΢ֱڣߵ֮ͤ£֮ߣ˿ϵо֣΢ЦЦʼ塣
һ΢һʱоֳԣ۶ܽ⿪һ£һӣģԭֵ֣Ȼ΢̻ˡ
ףҦʥһš
ԺɹӶɳˣǷ֣֣ƺѾ⿪ˣ
⿪ˣ
ôܣ
ԴɹҲͲסǰϸϸƣ΢һ䣺û壬ҪҪ¸ǰһ£
У
ˣ
Ժɹ̵
΢䷳ְһΣһΣԺɹٿˣҦʥҲˣǵһڲ
⿪ˣĽ⿪ˣо־Ȼн⣬˼飬˼飡һԺɹѾˡ
죬֪ͨԺɹ٣ϣʥˣޣֻüλȷĽ⿪ˡһҲ̵
ʩչֶΣ֪ͨԺɹ١
΢վһԣˣҦʥӶֿ̣΢һֶۣ̣촽˶Ȼһ仰û˵
һȻԺɹˣ⼸ҲαɣԺɳʲôҪţȹأʥҲֻǰƷɹٶѡ


һʮ ɳʥԺ
֣ܽ
죬ҿôġ
֣Īܽ⿪ְɣҿŪˣϾԺʥ˶ⲻ
Ǽ٣֪ˡ
ЩԺɹ˵ŻΧ˹֮ǰɹ٣æأ
˿̣ɹѾȫû֮ǰ΢ʱ˿ʵ˺ܶ࣬ͤһָǱߡ
ߣȥ
ΧһƬˣ΢ȴ˿ûлţ̩ɽһҦʥѾһʼľȡţĽܣ˿Ҳƽͬ
Щɹٲϵ΢ϵҦʥ˿̿ΧʥԺʥڳæ
ʥԺĵλҪԺ̫ࡣ
ԺʥҲǰƷɹ٣ʥԺʥСҲƷɹ٣ҦʥҲǰƷɹ١ȻȻͬǰƷԺʥǲܱȵģϾʥһԺ
ʱԶм֣ЩԺչһ˵Ժˡ
¶Ǽæܹȥӭӣ΢һҦʥҲЦʥˣһҵȥӭӭҲһ
΢ͷҲҦʥȥӭӡ
ͼɷǵͷ£мǸۣܲθݣƺ㣬˿һ˫۾֣˾ʣо֣Ľ⿪ˣ
ԺɹٻûпԻشˣ֮ǰǼæǰǣԺˣҶоֵȷǱ˽⿪ˡ
⣿ʥһ䣬ĿѾڳȫɨһ飬Ҧʥֿ΢
ĪҦʥ
ʥҡͷҦʥʥԺʥղԼԶԼƲо֣Ҧʥƽ⣿
ԺмＸ֪ƽģôʣǸˡ
ɹټæλСѣ
˵ָָ΢ʥȻˣǰϸһ΢ȻЦλСˣ֪ɷҽһоֵƷ
λʥȥİٶ꣬΢ۣԿʥԪ⣬Կóʥڳġ
ʿƽٳɣɽԪ꣬λʥ䲻αɣɣҲˣͬԪֻ꣬ǲܼ˾磬ֻ߲μɵĸ磬ǿٵңԪһҲҪ
ĻҲкôǴʥˣˣҦʥҲǱϹϾ
ǰ
΢Цŵ˵ͷȻʥҪȻû⡣
˵꣬΢ߵͤϵӰоֵľںãȻʼƽо֡ʥһԿţ΢һһ£ǺʥҲͷ΢ֽⷨû⡣
ȵؼһȥʥ˼۾ȻһץץöӣȻ΢һͬ塣
΢ʥֶκҲ൱ȻԼ⵽һΣʥѾȻء˶ǰĿţһûзԺҲͷһοоֵĽⷨһǾޱȡ
ûо֣ȷǽ⿪ˣҽⷨʥĿһ˶ۡ
ǧѽĲо֣Ȼ⿪ˣԺڶɹٶһϲҲвΪ⿪о֮˲Ժˣˡ
֮¶Ƿˣʿһ˽⿪о֣Ժ϶ͨ죬ġ
鵽ﵱȻû꣬ʱ򣬾ڶԺ˻ں˼ʱ΢֮ǰԼӣǳԲѷԺɹٵǣǶô
ҡ΢ɹǽͰ˵ǿˣαɲɣҲˣ˿̾ȻǱһʵſڽࡣ
΢һЦˣǲ壬ȴ˵Լҽʲôһ֪⣬ȴ˿϶˵΢һ޶ΪĻˣǿЦ
Ц
ȷЦ
ɹɫͨ죬˿Ҳһ䷴Ļô˼ԼóմԼ⻹ô˵
Ҧʥ˿Ҳͷ΢һ͡
ոԺɹͷһμ΢ͱӲǱ۲ۣ΢һǧŲоֵƽ֮ƿԡ
ʲôˮƽǡ
öԷóȥǶףɾҦʥҲǻ˰ٶ꣬ͷһμʹ顣
Ժ˴˿Ҳһ죬Ȼ̫ô£һˣһȻ
ʥĺ붶˺ü
Ѿ޳ɵˣȻĵЩ˹ȷ磬һƾʵݶûУǾȻҲţʵǲɽҲҲ룬ɳƾʵݣһֽµֻǷԷʥڽѵɹ٣ֻǵͷѵ죬Ƕˡ
λСѣ˫ƽǧо֣ǲ磬ƷҲ˺ܶ࣬ȥ˼£ϰգ²׼ͷ¶棬УСǸʥ˵նȶء
ɹǺ޼ӣ˿̳΢ǹһֻ˵ҥԣ˿Ȼ򣬻֮ġ
鵽ϣ΢Ȼ׷ʹҲǾʹ˽ҹ
ʥ˿̿΢Сѣǲоֽⷨʱ䣬ԺƷ塣
΢æ˵ңʥεݣ˿ԽݺԼ˵΢һ̧˸ӣǾ͵ýš
ʥ˵Цˣ΢һ鷲ˣҪ˵գԶԺλɹ٣֮ǰ֣Ҳ΢ʢʥ˲ҪСӡ΢ǳϿҵ
Ҳ֪ʥȥͣиԼų˼Щҥԡ
΢ûʱ䣬ɽ磬ʥԺȥԺǲŽв֪
ʥͷûǿʱСѣ˷ⷨһ֮¡
΢еļֵæлоֽⷨ£ԼҲ
ȥʥԺ·ϣҦʥλʥɹٵԵƷߣؼʱܷЧˣԺɳΪ٣֮¶˵Ǵ洦
΢֪ҦʥԼæл
ҦʥٶȺܿ죬΢һ͵һɽĽǰаǽߣͤ¥󣬸иʾΡޱȣ׳ޱȣɽ֮£ɢһɺȻ͵ʥԶдʶ
˴ɳʥԺ
΢һ¥֮ϣҦʥ΢ٴԺ
΢ȥλʥ˻ػڴϢҲĴ䣬ʥԺʮֱǽǽϲ۵ֶǳʥ֮ʣɽѧȤǰˣһţ鷳߶Ի֪


һʮ ľ
΢ڵһ¥λúܺãһ󴰻Խľɫһࡣ֮ǰڸ·΢⻹ͷһΰɽ硣
ɽܴ󣬳ĴŨ΢Ҳоͬ࣬㣬ΪΪ̫ֻͨ¡΢֪ԼΪɽ򲻿Ϊ̤ɽ磬ѰʿҪ̤ɽ磬ǿҪƽٳɲ
һ仰˵󲿷ַʿûɽ磬΢ǰͷ˵ʿǰ档
Ҧʥ˵΢Ĵ߶΢û㣬ɽ磬ץһˣһֻҰޣǶҪԼ˵ʥԺû˻ţ΢Ųȥðա
Ծʹͦá
˷ɽ磬ȻΪԼ׫ġɽҪʥԺĲʥʥļǶǿԴļʽ׫ڳ΢ˡ΢һҪ죬ǾǸ״
ûǸ״΢״ӶдˣǬǱ߶ԼҪˣ΢û飬Ҫɽ磬һ״ֻܽЩĺնϣ˽£Ҳֻɳ״ܽĶֳ׻塣
Ҳ΢ļƻѣ˵״Ѿдãܸܲ浹Էδ֪ϾҪӰԼƷ٣ȲԣȲ˻ڡȻ΢û״ڣ΢ҪڵĶӣԷôܲ棿
ԣɹ񶼻˵
΢Ŵ⾰ɫ£һʱЩ꣬ҪͻȻɽ磬óȻǻὫԼڵΪٵ
ⲢΣǰӣзʿżɽ磬֪Լɷˡɽ֮˵Ǵ֮ҩ֮£Ƕҩ
΢գŨǸһòϣ˭ÿϧ
ͻȻ΢뵽һ¡
ԼԲֱɣǽľ
Ǹӡ
뵽΢ŵ㣬ҲûԼҲûʲôʧ΢䷨ſһ£һ֣ľ΢С
΢ǰõʱһľǸڲӣòûκγ֮΢֪ԼߵزһĹͶľϡ
Ҫ˵ʣ΢Ȼ׿Խ˶ǣ΢ٶϣȴңңȡ΢޵Ļɵ͹ֵ;΢˵ȫľϡ
ۼľ΢һ
˿ó΢ſܲľɽ֮£΢תľʱһ΢⣬ʱһ΢ϲ鷢ˡ
ľȻͻȻѳ΢ƣڰգɢһɫ֮⡣΢ҲǱһû¡
һ̣΢һɹ˷ۣ뵽ľУУвٽɫ
ǿľȻǲɡ΢Ŀɿڴðһɲõͷ
ľϢѱᱻ˷֣Ǳ˷֣ԼνͣǵʱľĴҲᱻ֪
΢ʩչֶջľȫЧ
ľƺ΢ʹ΢תҪǰǿûͱһǿųȥ
鷳ˣ΢ûӣֻȡ׭ø󣬲ɽ磬һͷ۽綼΢ǿ΢֪ѰĸܲóҲûʱ俼Щˡ
ɽ纣һӿľиһɫ䶼һɰɫɫɫҫ΢æϣʱҲûˡ
̲ûб˷
΢֪ʥԺʮ־޴󣬵ȥǷǳ٣ҾУЩ˶Ҫвǿڸˣǿ϶ֲ˵ġ΢ĵģ˵ʵЩࡣ
ҲʥԺطǾͲˡ
΢ĺȹһʱʥԺһŵ֮ڣʥԺʥڴ˴飬ĺȻ΢ġɽ
ǳȴǿ֮ǧšһʥеһ͡
΢ѾˡԱߣҦʥ˵ȻͬΪʥʥԺеĵλȴǲͬҦʥʥԺУҲֻŵ¡
в䵽ʵЩϧҿӦʥԺλʥѧϰΣʮʥԺֻᵮһʥҪ֪¶Ȼ࣬ģȴëǣôһӣɲܻķϰһʥԣʱ˵ķϡ
⵱УλϵʥҲʥͬȻƷɹ٣һˣʥ
˿̣ʥɫȻС¶ˣ֮УĲҲǱȱȽǣǶǵ޽£ϳǵ޼ģж޽Ĳɳ֮˵һͨڤɽ˿ġҵ֣ϵһ˿ʥ⣬ѹͨҲǼвŻһΣұˣֻϧºͼĲͬ⣬ҲܺӲвŻ֮࣬Ļ΢Ǳʣǿû
ʱʥһʥ΢ǲãͨ츮ץӬ޷ĵ޷粻ˣҶ΢ȴãĲɹȻҪƷԸҪûкȻǱа
ʣˣʥԺôʥڿѵ뷨Ҳ
²޶ۣ΢ʥԺҲֻһ֮룬΢δػӦ¿ɺ飬ɽʥȴӦձ΢йɡʥʱ˵
ʥҲǵͷͬ⣬ȷȲ΢ƷΣ⡶ɽĺãʸʥ
ʥǸʥʱüֻݶ΢ΥҼͣʥԺܽһﳼļʥˣ˳Ц
ͯʥԲӣɳúͨ츮ƾʵݣˣ᣿ϾǽĿˣҲĺɳΪУΪ΢¾һЩСڱɿ΢Υ֮£С΢ϵܺõҦʥʱ˵Ϊ΢򱧲ƽ룬ǽ֮ǰ΢Ժĳͻ˵˳΢Ȼо֣һڳʥ¶֮ɫ
ôܣ΢һˣЩĲɣܺ˱ȼ磿˶ƽⲻ˵о֣ƣҲţɹ΢ͯʥһ˵
ͯʥĪΣʥ֪١ʥʱҲЩˣͯʥ΢˷ѽ⣬Ҧʥ˵ģĪҦʥѲɣ


һʮ ΢ķһ
ʥ˵֮󣬼λʥҲӦ˼٣ͯʥҲû˵ƻ΢ġɽϡ
һǾҪúÿһ΢ɽǲ˭֪ǲġͯʥ˵ڣɵҲ֪ڹ΢ֻʥĵλ޼Ҳ˶٣ϵһλɳʥΪҪһССķ
ܶ˶⣬Ҳ⣬û˵˵ͯʥ
Ҧʥ˿Ļû뵽ͯʥȻϮֻ˵˳ǰҪ΢ˡô˵޻̸֮ؾϿ΢Ĺ£ͯʲôʸɡ
Ȼ޲ȥݺݸͯһȭҦʥ֪ԼôɣңԼҲɲСӡ
ʥҲдɫɨһͯʥͯʥԣ
ʥǴŭɽ˿֮Ǽʥúã׳
ĪǣλʥɵӣͯĴ
ͯʥҲ֪ԼЩڲˣ¸ЦһҲֻǲ²⣬΢ϾŹ˾ͨ츮ҲûгľҿӦɳõһˣ΢֤΢ǱԩģһҲ޷ķ˴һǾ仰ʥׯʥۡ
Ҧʥ˿̾ŭЦͯʥĪǲ֪֮λ޴ǣɳúͨ츮ǱߣǱһЩ֤ݣ΢֤֤Ҳţʱֻ˵ʣҴ˴΢ǰ̣ץǰ׵ģҲɺڵˡ
һҦʥʵ̲סʼָͯʥһǴŭҦָʥߵڰף²𣿡
Ҧʥ˵ָ㣿
ѵ𣿡ͯʥŭ
˵ǾˣҦʥ÷󻷹ˣҶʥ飬ƶ񣬶ڰף²˵˹ʥѵʣҺδ֮Уƾʲô˵ҷĪͯʥдһ˵ˣ
㣬Ҧ󵨣ͯʥѾվϢڣҦʥȴǺ֪λΪԷǵѹˣǶӦġ
ˣ
ͣ£ǳɺͳ
ʱʥһƷʥǳֹΪôһŪʥԺڸܣȥǿǶ顣
ͯʥŭڣ첱Ӵ֣ҦʥҪ࣬Ų´ЬģҦʥʵǲƽ΢ģ˶£ҦʥԴ
£һҪϡ
ʱʥҲȰ裬ͯʥҲ֪ԼЩʧ̬˿˳¿£ѾǼһʳ𣬴պٶԸҦġ
Ƭ֮һƷʥŵ˵֮£ʥԺ޹أͯʥҲмֵҿǾ΢ɳõ˶һǹĪǻܺڰ׵ߵɣôɣ֤΢޴룬ġɽʥ󡣡
⣬˺ģҦʥŭ˵öûиҶۣû鷳ʥԺ΢ҪƳȥеģдɽˣִ֮ˣңΪƣΪ涼˵һŶۣĪĸλʹû飿´£Ҫ󶨡ɽر֮£ʵ̫סҴ£ʥԺѾͨȴͻȻԣ˻οʥԺ΢
Բӣ΢ƷԲѣȻǲʥҾͯʥԼеǸ΢һվͯʥǱߵʥʱ˵΢ˣΣ벻ʥȨʥԺΣ
мʥ飬Щͯʥһϵˡ
ȻҲвʥͯʥһϵ̫ܲΪ¶ڸܣɽرȸǳɳú΢ȶ˵
ʥüͷ壬ҦʥĻǷȥ

¥֮ڣ΢Ȼ֪ʥԺľڶڿеľ¶֮ɫ
ľڷ˺ܴı仯һɫɫͽɫĹŵУľȻһ
΢ûпȷǱһи֦֦ͷȻд̵ѿȻֻҪѿˡϸԿ䱾廹һĹӡ
ʱ΢ܸоľ϶֮ĿƺΧ֮΢Ҳﲻæֻôš
ͬʱھ¥ֻһȵУʥԺ̹ٶһöڼҴҵߡ
ǰ·һ̹ٵ㣬㣬԰͸ͯʥһöˮ˹ȻɹвҲ̺ǿ֮ͯʥǽ˹ľб棬ʧ̫֮ôҪġ
Ź̵̹ټæͷ˼ӿٶȣʱһͻȻӿƺǸоˮŨ֮һ̣һεȻǽˮϵ֮ߣֻգ֮䣬ԭˮͱһԵĹɡ
¥ڣ΢ۿһɼΪ֮ӿע뵽ľУһ̣ǼѿƬ̻ҶƬ
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ľҲǺб仯澹ȻǶһЩ·ͬġ
΢ľٳʲô۶ӣæǽڣŷģոյ״ϣû˷źá
΢򿪴˿ûз״ŷġ
ٿƬҶϣбⰻȻԲǷ΢֪ԼǻԵɺµ˺ôȻšʱ΢һæƬҶǬ
ոպãҦʥһ˽
Ҧʥ΢Щ飬ǰ񣬰ҦʥӣĪ֪Լոոʲôɣ
ˣҲֻʵʵ˵Ͼ΢ĳΧҦʥԼǺܲΪҲֱز̰īԼ㶫
֪Ҧʥ鲻ãΪոʥԺֳĽ
΢ΣҦҶԲסˣҦʥ֮̾˿ǽ齲˳Ͼסġ΢ֻΪ΢ɽ֣˭뵽ʥԺһЩ˾ȻͻȻԣҪɳ΢
΢Ҳһ㶣ͷҦʥһΪ΢ģæ΢㲻Ҫ£Һʥмλʥ֧㣬ҪʱҦҲҪȡһЩֶΣǺ
ҦʥЩŭˣʥҲ£ΪһЩСϸߣ۸ˡ
ȴ֪΢˿̲ģֻЦ΢ôȥ״ںˣõԼҪǵʡԼˡ
Ҧ˵ͯʥԼ˲вǾ˽ģҪôУ֣΢ܱ˵
΢Ҫ


һٰʮ ΢ķ
΢Ҳһ̣û뵽ԷȻһٶĵôߣȻˣǾݹԼˣǾͰŪŪԽԽãʱ˭²̨
˶ᣬ΢ǳҦʥҦʥ𣬴Ҳ㣬ȻЩʥԳߣԸҵʥԺʥ΢ҲϸǡͲ룬ʺҲҿ۵ͷϣɳˣԻǰ֤
ҦʥһҲǰ̾˿һʥԺǴˣԼ˵ʲô
΢Ҳ£ɽʥҫ뻹һҪģҲ㡣ҦʥȰ˼䣬΢ס¥
һҹ޻
΢ڴǰɽ֮ǿǱ˽粻֪ǿ˶٣ϧǣԼɡ
΢ҲǺջľҶҹʱ΢ϸ˿澹Ȼ̺֮Ҫº͡
ô˵Ҳ˵ԭܱѰʿɽ֮ͨľתҶѾԱѰʿ
⣬ǱʯҪ
ΪڶҪ΢סҶʲôʱȥʹҲ١
һҦʥˣ΢һɽ罬
΢ɽѾȫٹȣֻÿɳ㻹ҪЩģЩԼֵģӦÿԹˡҦʥ˵꣬һСӽݸ΢
΢æлȻҲһҧһڡ
΢۾һֱӽУһ⽬ò𣬶ҵкҲԱԼɡ
˵࣬Ҳ֮ϲ
С΢첻Զû⣬⽬óԣ΢һ롣
ʣ˼΢ûгԣǴ´ȥԼЩѺµӳһЩɽ罬ǿ
ҦʥЩԲס΢΢㾡ܳԣߵʱԺĽ㾡ȡ
Ҫ˵΢ҹԹԹʥԺҲһҦʥһҹ΢뿪ˣֲҦʥͷϣ˼ĶԼã˵˼һ΢м
Ҧʥ֮΢ǣ΢ǸмҦʥǰڰֵС£лõɹѾˣͨ츮ǸƷ֮ǨҲˣ΢˷֤мְգ
֮ǨҲˣ
΢ЦԼǴˣҲǾ͸ˡ΢Ҳ֪֮ǨҲǾƷɹ٣ܱɽҲϺأԱǹΪ˻֮ӣҲûʸġԼдһʥԺ
ҦʥԼ΢΢̸ϣֻʵǣɳãܻһס
ôãģʱʥԺļλʥڳҲڣݺҵһǡҦʥҪ΢裬΢мٴл
һȥҲ˷Ѳʱ䣬Ҧʥæ΢ǰ֮ʥԺеһΪΰׯϡ
˿̣УѾɹ٣һǸ߸ϣƣƾˣһǱ
΢Ϊֱǲֵһᣬ޵ɵҲͬһĴڡ
΢ȴ̧ͷͦأ
΢ʥԺʥҲ˸õɹ٣Ϊֲɱ棬Ψһ΢̫ѹģԴȣӵ֮Ǩˡ
ʱ֮ǨҲ΢Ƕһν˼ۺ죬΢ã֮ǨѾԹ֮ɫΪƷ٣ɵ龳ʿ֮Ǩܹǰ裬˵ڱʡ
ǲҲǲͽеԹ΢ϡ
Ψһܶˡ
ڻ᲻ٵޣ֮ǨѾܲˣ΢ɳõй٣ǿƷɹ٣Ϊº鷳Ҳ¡
֮ǨѾð˸뷨һᣬһҪڿʼͽ΢סֻҪйٸ¾䶨ˣΨһ鷳ǽĻ꣬ݺ΢Ѿ¶΢ŵҲ˼٣ֻҪϸߣҪ΢ﲢѡ滹漰ɳһЩλй٣ǽоԹΪΪ˽ӦûԼԸ΢ˡ
뵽֮ǨѾЦȲʤȯ
΢΢߽֮ʥԺǱһˣЦʵ
΢һ̾ϳǴ˵еʥʥԺпʥĻġ΢һʥҲΪĽһҲһԺǹһ񣺡¹΢ʥ
ããʥĵ˵ͷ˵á
Ѿ֪ʥڸ΢վ̨ˡ
ʥԺʥû˵ͯʥм䶢΢ͯʥͻȻ΢㿪ʼɡ
ɳǱ߶ʱԾԾԣ֮ǨѾ׼ʹ΢ˡ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽΢Ȼ֮ǰȡһԩ״ȻǰҪԩ״
Ҳ΢ƴȫģҲ˵ķӦȻǴ״ӿʼ
΢㡭ôĵӣǱ֮ǨǱ΢ͻȻһɤӸһǳȴ޷ǹ΢
ؿգꡣ볣󣬰ɡ΢ʿ
΢ԽԽ󣬾ȻǴһ˿ʥ⡣
ʥԺЩʥһһĿ⾪ޱȡ
⡭⾹Ǵ֮Դʥѹ˵ı粵֮һʥʧɫȻû뵽һ˿дȲԩ״
ҪʲôһʥҲܻ
Ҳʥ֮ɫҦʥʥһ㶣Ц
ʥˣǱ߸һɹɱһţ֮Ǩ󺰴УҪѹ΢ѹһǺһȴ
λƷй٣Ҳ¶ɫݰ֣ܶң΢ԩܴϣ
΢ԩ״дļĲɣԽԽߣ쳹ʥԺСɺȻҲҲڴܣԴ׳֮
΢һ鷲ˣôվ˵У״޾ɫ
һͨ츮֮ǨȨȨݺҶԣ޳ܣΣ١ŷٹȵˣУܸˡ
΢ǽ龭дľޱȣͬʫ䡣
֮Ǩˣ޲̽΢նɱ֪ɹڳ
ô죬¿ô죿ͬȹϡ
ʱ΢һ֣ʱе״ӷһž⣬һʥ죬ʥԺһ


һٰʮһ ƿ
ʴ˷
֮ڣ΢ֳֵ״ֽӿʥ⣬ͷ·΢ŵһһ㣬΢ԼҲԡһŹâ֮£ͬʥˡ
ʥԺһʥ˴ĿɿڴȻ֪ʲô
ʥԺдһ֣һûһμѴʣ󣬺ʣ΢һƪԩ״һƪȻʥӶ
ЩʥҲˡ
ʥ𾪣Ǳ߸ǲ֪롣΢ģҶѾ˴㣬ϾΪ΢ͨ츮ңͨ츮ϼɳãѾЦö޴棬ƫƫǸõɹ٣Ҳȥҽµ鷳
Ҳܾôˣ֪΢ʥԺҪ󣬸üɹپûˣô˵ҪֻһЩ档Ƕźˣ֮ǨΪ˿΢УȻͨ츮ٵҲƵԷϡ
룬ǻûüڣͱ΢ȷˣ˼ҵ״дģðʥˣһЩɽĴ֪ܶˡһ뵽㣬˿̨ǰǸƷйҲһ亹
˵źúõһ¶ãǸͱ죬ճ
ȻҲп΢ոո⶯ûɽ֪˭ұ֤ԼǾԲðգȻǺ޲ý΢µļһɵҲԲܱ¶ֺң״ӣýӡ
ָоҪжܣһʿƷɹ٣ΪǴԽԷڣôһһȻƾһƬԩ״Լסˡ
һŭ£ƷйٱȻ״Ǿͽ״ֽɡ
̹̾ǰ΢ӹ״ӣ̹ҲĹ٣ͷһ״ϵ֣¶֮ɫ
ʲô壿ôûмҷǳĺÿ⾳
ȻֳʣֻﵷģȻ״ӳȥ
֮ǨйپȻ΢״ӣɫѿ˼㣬Ҳ˵ˣֳ΢˭ﲻ˵Ǿǵòʧ
״ӵйһҲǵһʱ䱻סˣͷһ֮⡣Ĳ˵һ־˹֮崺磬ͨ嶼͸̹ˣйٶ΢ӡȻǺࡣ
й״ֳѻȸãйٲſ΢ʵ΢״ʵ飿
ǧȷ΢ص
֤ݣйʡ
У΢ǰһ֮ǨΪͨ츮Ӧɳ֮ɷ£ƾ޾ݣŷٹȵһ֮ԣԣͽ¹ץΣһ󣬶ʣֱӶʣⲻ˽Ȩʲô
У֮ǨڹѺ¹ʱȻ¹õ¹ٵΪⲻҪ¹أʲô
Ҷ޴ˡΣʱǰ¹٣֮Ǩ꣬龭޴ˣ˶Ѿ֪ɹٴǲţɽѯʱ֪
΢һ˵޾ɫ˵Χʥͷ˵ĸɹ¶֮ɫ˵֮ǨΣҪ粵Ȼ춼Ų
º¹ٱԸ׷£ȴڱɿڮ¹٣ͼ÷ԷӰ¹;ɳõĹϵ¹ΪǴ˶ɳϣ˸ɸ꣬Ǳ֮ˣʮĴ
΢˵ҲǴһ˿ɱ֮Ǩûɴ˸¡
йһҲͷа΢Ȼ˵ıɳĹϵϡһ˭ҥԣȻƻɳϵˡ
ֶΣĻÿڲţ
йٴ˿̷Ǹ΢˺øУ˲ٵϰһ±˵ͻص㣬ԼҪЩҥ£Ǹ֮Ǩʵǲá
뵽йٿ˿һԵ֮ǨѾǲϲ˼㡣
΢˵֤ݣȻҲǣǿ֤֮һ飬ɲҴ¡
뵽йپ뿴΢δãԱ΢˵֮Ǩݺ㣬Ҳƾʵݰ֤֤ǲġ
ڸ΢⡣
΢ĻشȴǼֱӣãұ֮Ǩʣйɷѻ꣬Ҷ˭аٻֱ꣬δ˿ɸҶʣ
΢ֱӽ
֮ǨĸңǺԴͨһ΢˵󲿷ֶʵǶʣѰ·
һʼѹ΢ֱӶ΢ҲֳԼ粵û뵽ⷲʿȻ˵ĵ졣
һʱ䣬֮Ǩ΢ʵƿԣֱ亹
Ҳң΢ΪĵĿһ֮ǨȻйٵ΢Ѿϣɹٴ˶ᡣ
˵Ķ˵ˣĶˣ΢Ƥ˻ȥͿԷôˡ
ʼգ΢ռ˾Եһʼԩ״ĳֱʣ˾
֮ǨͷβûҿһĻֻҪɵˣ֪֮ǰҥԣľҥԣҲ֪£˭˭
йٴ˿Ҳջޱȣ£ܳʹ΢ҾһΣ΢ҲޱȣеŭȴҪһطйġ
֮Ǩ㻹ʵžһ죬йһľľ˼
֮Ǩľս˿̱ľһţѾǳױȻͨһ򵹣ͷ
ڶʥɹһǷΣѾһ㡣
ҦʥͷʥüͷҲǽ滺ȻҲ֮ˣͯʥ˿ͬ˪
֮Ǩľ˵ӣججоͽ龭ʵ΢ҥԣҲʼٸ֮һ
ǱߵɹһĲᣬ涪ĸˣ΢ƻû̧ͷ˼ҼˡǾָо»ûӹ΢ֻǺݺݵĳʹ֮ǨƷֱӱĨǱץ̡ԣҲ´ĳзٹȵˣΪ׷֮
ǽˣһɹԾû棬Ҫ뿪ʱһֱ˵ͯʥͻȻڵ΢״ӿɷ£һ΢״ֽţһˣĲôڣҲܾ¶ʥ⣬죬ж⡣
΢üͷһ塣
ˣûûˡ
ͯԼɲʶһû˯ûأһôԼˣ
Ȼ΢ڻûʸͶԷӲģֻǿŶԷҪʲô
Ҧʥһ̾ըˣͯʥʲô
ʲôȻάʥԺϣ΢״ﳭϮǵĳλʥʫʣոֹֻġǵ壬ȡʥǶʥԺĴ󲻾ͯʥ˵Ǳйȴζˡ


һٰʮ Ҳϡ
Ʒɹ٣йȻ֪ͯʥʲô⡣
Ϊƪ״Ӳ򵥣ԶԷ״мдĳλʥʫʣҪôġĳλʥ壬ˮƽߣǾǿȡʥ
ôҲһЩ˵ʵйͨƪ֪ͯʥαȻҪʯͷԼĽˡ
뵽ͯʥһ߰һͯʥһ޵ģԼҲ뵽й΢΢һЦһ仰û˵ͽ΢д״ӵ˹ȥ
ͯʥҪúˡйζ˵һ䣬Ÿڶɹ˸ɸɾ
ûոйٵı飬ͯʥ˿̵΢д״ӣ˹ȥ¿һۣŵΪ˹Ǽλһ𿴿ɣ϶΢ˣСд̺ʥĶˣ΢ƷǴ⣬ʥɲͬر󡣡
λʥȻͯʥЩˣò˵Է˵һЩģ΢ǿһЩСﵽĿģǵȷ˱ӡ
ҦʥʥʱҲ߹ȥĲˣͯʥŵſһ״ӣչ¶
ͼ״ϣʥƣֻһۣеʥǾһͯʥ֮Ҳ￩һ¡
⡭ʲô壿һʥ¿˿ʡ
ǰûмͨŽ壬ûм֣Ծִһ˿ɫƮݣȻ壬ĿһʥҲǼ
֣ĲҲǼѣҡûвʥʫ䣬ӦòܽʥһģʮϽʥٶһ飬Ҳǳ
ؿգ꣬һǾ䣬ǰû˵Ӧ΢дĴʡ
ʺãָãã

һʥſţȻȫУʼҴͣϾһƪ״ϣʵë
˼֣дãûģκһλʥ壬Գһɡ
֣ɽӦǱ˵ĳ˵ɽԭֵ󰡡ҦʥʱҲĿɿڴϾҲһλʥǹ鷨ϵ裬΢֣ȻЩ
ʥľȻߣ鷨Ҳ鷨һܿĶ
ֻһۣʥ֪΢壬޷ֺţֲÿʥ춯һܾۼ˶ʥ˵鷨ϵ裬΢ѾȲʥҪǿˡ
ˣʥεȾ磬һ΢壬ʹӵҵһ˿ϤϢĿһ룬뵽ˡ
ԭͨڤɽĹŶ֣дİֲãֲãʥ΢ѾǴʮ͡
ͣ˼ʡ
ͯʥ˿һţ΢Ȼдʥ״ӣ֣Ҳʵë
˵ġ
ġ˭ģŽ壬û֣ѵ΢Դģ
ôܣ
ʥԺԴʥ࣬һʿƾʲô
ûгϮ
ϸûУȫԴͯʥһϾȻЩ̣Ƿŭ
һˣһ˶ѣȻ˼ܶһ壬뵽һ㣬ͯʥǼʵķ
ΪʥȻҲһЩ壬ûһʥ쳹
ƫƫо־ڱصõĹ򣬴˿һȭȥȻǴ˿ϣһʹϡ
һʼ΢ƷУҪٸɹ΢΢֤ף֮ǨˣһӮˡ΢״ӳϮڿҲУƤٺͯʥʱҲЩҲסˡ
̣΢һԾĿţϴųһЦݣԿЦ֮⡣
ǵ⡣
ͯʥ뷽跨ëҦʥ̲סͯʥ㻹ʲô΢ģ
ͯʥɫʱǼΪѿ۾һУҲ֪ʱ΢Ѿûʲô壬ҲǺܿЦһǱʥˣΪˣдʥļֵûɣҲΪʥԺҪ֤飬Ȼ֤û⣬ǱʥȻɡ
ߣҦʥһ˦ӣ˵ҪģûôҪģǱϾҪ˼Էݣ⻰û˵ڣͯʥĲѾԱ
ʥö˵һ飬ͯʥǼΪʧ
ʥûпͯʥһЦ΢ø߸ϵ΢ҲҪҵСĽʵΪˣʥţѾ֤ûгϮġȻˣϵҥҲϴˢˣġɽʸʥȻȥȴʱʽ֮ʱԻ
˵꣬ڰ֣Ҫ΢뿪
΢ûȥͯʥ
ͯʥЩãû£ȵǡɽʥʱ
òţ΢˵ˣֻһ仰ڳʥͷһ
òţ
ʲô
ʲô˼
ҦʥҲһ㶣΢Ȼ˲ٲۣڶƽϢ΢˵ɽܽʥҪģҲҫºò׿Ҫˣ΢ôֱĳôһ䣿
Ҧʥ˵΢ѾȳҦʥһ룬ֳʥһ
΢ǡҦʥðһɲ
΢һЦȻֱӳͯʥͯʥ֪ʥ߸ϣ˭˭ʥԺ߲ʣҵȷܴģòʥֻʥ֮ſסƲ΢΢ֺαǨ㣬ǨʥԺǨͲʥԣɽʥˣ΢Ҳϡ롣
˵ʲôͯʥ۾Բһţһʿ˵ϡʥֱǴ󵨷
ͯʥ䲻ʹұ˵һ飬˵ҲϡʥԺͲʥ󣬡ɽҲסʥҲɡ΢˵꣬תߡ
񣬼ֱ¿ɲ㣡ͯʥʲôݣ˶˵Ҳŭԣ˵꣬΢͵ɽдģΪɲңҲԸʥԺˣô򵥣ǣ
˵꣬Ѿ߳
֮߳΢ѹͷŭйһͶЩظʥмһˣȻҲᶨɵ͹ΡɽʥǺ£ɳôһ£΢ʵû飬ҲŭҲݵӺ裿
ƨʥӲϡ
΢˵߾ߣ˶ͯʥ΢ںĪûһͯʥͲԼˣ
ȻˣͲڡ
΢֮߳Ƭ̣ŷԼϵ·Ҫ˽磬Ҳ֪ôذ
ʱһ˿Ҧʥ
Ҧʥ΢ǰ񣬶Ҧʥʮ־صġ
Ҧʥü΢òų̾һˣˣ΢ҲԣͯҲ̫Ƕʥʥ⣬Ҳ̫ʧʣ˵Ķԣʥ󣬲ҲգֻϧʧʥԺҲʧ


һٰʮ Ʒ
ɽʥ󣬶΢˵ȷһʧ
ζ΢ԽɽصɵΪҲһĻᣬ΢ڡ
֮£ҲȻᴫȥӴԺʥԺҲǰϣ¶˷ʥˡ˵µˣȻʥԺ̫ʧʡ
Ҳ΢һջ
һջǾǴҦʥе֪Լ˦뿪ͯʥĹǺҲû΢Ͼɽ΢׫ˣ˼ҲѡȨǰû˸ҺþܾʥԺ΢ǴһͷʵжˣʥԺҲǿԾܾġ
Ҧʥͽ΢ͳɽ硣
ԪɽϣҦʥ̤ţ΢лᣬټϧǡɽʥʥԺʧ󰡣һԴġ塯鷨һ㣬˵ʥѾʼġˡʥԺλʥҲв֧ġ
΢˵ͷҦʥҲʥԺֻһЩˡ
ףûЩˣҲ㵽زҦʥЦ΢ͷҲû˵
һȥˣմɣǻټ֮գңһֱͯĿ϶Ϊε׷Ī
Ҧʥˡ
΢ûоȻʧʲôģصܴɹȻãﲻҲûʲôҪ֪ʥԺǼʥʹ߳ɾͣҲΪְҲƷɹ١
΢Ŀɲֻˡ
ɣҪɣ
֮ʥԺһѾ˾֪֪΢ôһˣ׫˴֮ɽĳλʥѣɣ΢һ֮£ܾɽʥԺ
һʮʮ٣ܿѾ磬˶֪΢֮˶ʥԺĹ
ȻⶼǺ󻰡
֮ʹ
ڿĵϣū˰Ƶ࣬ʱһ䵽֮ڣֳһĹģӰ
Ӱ͸ɫȻһǰɸʹߣ֪ʱ٣
ʹ߳ڹһ񣬵˻ʣɳܶ΢֮״״ͨ츮֮Ǩԣ֤ȷ䣬Ѿ֮Ǩѹ̣˻֮ӣɳ˻ʹ£ʲ׷úóͽ̣ܽɳ֮ױӡ
˵꣬ݹһż
ĿɿڴӹżʹǸȥ
򿪿˿ĳ˿дһ˿⣺΢һ΢Զ˷䲻;֮λҲԼ̳ˣĪ΢ǹˣóȫ
ϸʱ΢ʥԺľ֪ʥԺͯʥ΢ڲ΢ȻһЩ
ӣǹԶ΢ҲԱѡԶҲ̫ˣѾҪȥ΢Ȼҵĸ뵱ɶԷ磬˷ҲǳԵ˽ѵ΢һ룬ܲ³ţ֪΢дɽдһͬԴ״֪֮΢ɾͲ
ҾܾʥԺ沵ʥӣ΢Ҫô·زۣҪôسֻǿϧ֣ǱҸˡ
һҹĵĵûϨ𣬶˵ڶգһλ̫ȥһ֮󾩶֮ھʹԱ㣬˼Ĵԡ
ɽ磬ʥԺ
ͯʥڴһ˸ӣһ÷𣬱ͱһ֮˵òһöˮȻĪһɣǱ˺ݺݳͽһ
Ͼ⣬ͯʥйһ֮ƽ룬дһţãȻһ̹٣ȥһ˽磬һŽ߾мǣҪκ֪¡
̹ˣͯʥָƽɫҲʼ˼
ҹԺ͵΢ʥķӦЩ֣ȻĬˣΪΣĪΪʥԺͺ޲ͣΪ£ܣƽʱ磬ܸоʲôطԡ
ͯʥ߰˼⣬ʥԺһ֮ڣʥһǰдһ֡
۲ǧǰͷľ
дֽ֮ʥƣʥȴɫȻ˼Ƭ̣һӣͼһֽ޻ȼƬ֮ոһɶ
ʥʣֽдɣܲͯϺϣΪʥȴΪһ֮˽Ѳѧ֮ʿѹ켺ãʥԺԣʥ֮£ɵۣͯϺʥ֮λЧȣ

΢ٶ룬ڣԨѾƬ̣΢ҴҸ˹˶ǹһЦǲ֪к£ԲŸϵô
΢·ȻǰʱҲǹһҴҵģЦλټ΢΢λ˾õȡ
ˣҺ򶼲ˣһ׸ȥԨһЦǰ΢ļֵʥԺ飬Һ֪ˣ޴Ҳ֪ˡ
΢ʱһı飬ͷ΢ţʥԺͯʥ޴˺ͳ˴
ʲôǸ˻֪֪޴֪㵱̺ͯǹЦҵ佱һ˵Ķԣˡɣ裬˵ɷӦˣ˵ûиʱ߹ЦԽ΢ԽϲҪ֪٣ɳĹһоһȣ̧ͷҶײ
ƺ˼ҸʹͣӦùظл΢һξܾʥԺܾʥ˵Ϊ񣬵ҲûԽ񷨺͹أҲ˵˭ҲûӹԼд飬ԸʥôŲУУҧҰ
˭˵ʥԺҫһҪЦţԷѣҲҪһܷ𣬾ֻԼšƾʲô΢ľٶ͸ˣ㲻ϡӣӻϡء
˵΢ģȫӵ˽µ㣬ƥҲĵʣβܱôߣǾԲΪ¶΢
ⲻҪνļνҪɳЩ߸ϵɹ٣ǿǸʹƨǡ
΢ҲΪж˲˵Ԩ򣬻λ޴˶Լû˵ġ
ˣΪɳ£ҲǴ½֪£ЩԷҥԣֱӲƣһҲǵ˲ˣɳãʥԺ˻ڣѾ㵱жˡʱ˵
˶΢ֵĵΪȻԨǵͷ΢Ѿ˴֮硣
ǸһλţĹλƷ׿Ҫˣʱ˵¡


һٰʮ ޸˾
΢һҲǼһɵ͹λҲ֪һĹλ١
һ΢֪׫ɽǸǹƷǰ;Լдġɽй֮޲ûɱٻңǻ˵ǵ޴˺Լ
뵽΢Ȼмȴǲֺֻǵ˵
ϴ޴Ѿ˵ʥԺͰȥ˾ְѾ΢ƷΪƷ٣μ˾˾٣ͬƷЦ˵˵ʵ΢ٶȣ˼Ҳͷһμ
ڼǰ΢ֻǸոսƷѣʱ䣬ѾƷٵλã˵ȥûš
ƫƫʵ
Ʒ٣΢ĳһʱ׫ɽûа׷ѹ򣬹ȻǺһ֪һһɽƷ
Ҫ֪٣˵꣬Ƕʮ꣬ʮ꣬ûĹҲ١֮ڣжٰϵĹжٰϵİƷ٣
Ǳ΢ٶȣѾͷɵĲ˶ˡ
ֵܣϲǺʹһƷˣԨҲǴĵΪ΢ˣȻҲû뵽Ͷ꣬ɳز
ʱ˵˾ŵ
˾ְΪСɣŵȨȴֻ࣬ҪɹܺãǳӾͺáЦ΢֪˾ⲻ֪΢ϴν˵ȥ˾ʱ򣬾ͿʼϤš
ͬ˵һ˾ȷˮܴţ˾ˮŽȻͬʣһ
΢˵νֻҪӾͺáķӣǿٴͣ١ֻǼ˾Ĺ治̣ǹܿضĹɣʵϣܿزˣһЩĹɵãҵЩǿһЩģйĹɣͲôˡ
Ծ΢֪˾Դ󲿷ֹǶǷβܵģֻҪЩŲͱ¨ӣǾãҺãҺá
ʱ߰ɣĵѾ˼˾ȥΣϵܣȥȥ
ԨæҡͷҾͲȥˣùæҾͲˡ
Ԩ΢ֱ˾
˾ҲרŵĸأǰĹҪԨĸûҪϾĹ٣Ϊձ鶼Ҫ˾ǿһЩ
˿̣ڼ˾ſڣʮվſڣضȲȻڵˡЩٵУоƷҲаƷƷһƷ١
Ʒ٣Ǽ˾˾٣Խ
ĵҲյˣ֪Ҫĸ˾Σ˾ȫӭ
ˣ˵ĸ˾ٽ΢ǰ˾ı׫٣Ϊ׫ˡɽ룬˵ǰջܾʥԺ˲򵥰һʱյ˾ٳԽߣС˵
Խģȥһĸߴˣȴòª׶ٷôһơ
˿̳ԽЦȻ򵥣ڶ̶֮ڴӾƷƷĴмɽҲȷǿ˵Ҳһˣˣдд黹ǿԵģҲôһЩǣǾͲóˣʱ򣬼˾ÿλܳԵÿ
Խһ˵Ǹپͷ˵Ҫ˵Ҫԣ˾ȱ˭Ҳȱ˭˾˵㡣
£вټ˾ٷԽһ⣬ȴǹͬʮ֪֪꣬ףЩЦ˵˵ҲͰˣһˣв˺˵
һٶͷ
ʱһ紵΢ˡ
ˣԽæǰ񣬺Ҳһ˹
¹٣ˣ
Ʒ٣˵λȨأƹܲٵǰ;˭Ҳ
Խλ΢ִˣμ˾˾٣ͬƼ˾ʶһ£׽׽һ˾ͽ΢˳ȥȻ¹ΣҲԲ
ȴ֪˾ˮٶٶиԵĿɽ΢ȻڣէҪԼվ̨ġ
ԼҪˣ΢ҳš
΢˿Ц߹ȥųԽ񣺡ˣ΢ˣλͬţٳէͬ˾Ϊ٣Ҷ
ǶԳԽ˾ֶڶٹ֣΢̬Ŀ൱㡣
ǳԽҲһ㶣аϾȻһһЩϹǻ˼Ҳ֮ǰСͬЦӭִˣˣ˾룬Ȼܸһ¥
˵ֳ꣬ˣ¹Ѿ˾ϯ͹⡣
ޣҲҪԶģԵĺͷ˲ͬˡ
ڰֵһйִͻȥˣǼ˾ܶйţһҪüְ֮
˵ֹ꣬ȥ΢ļȻŻһȥ
΢˼ֻԼߣǱһ̬ȡ
Ϊ΢
̬ȿ൱ҪԼզվ̨ҪӾףܿһʼнֹϾԼĹλѾǰصı׫٣һ˾ְҪǣƷ׺ͼ˾൱ԼĻǽ̸ϣ
ΪԼվ̨ͲһˣԼ˵Ļ˾ڶٶӣ򣬱пܵ
ϸ˵һ
΢ϱֵʮֺƵ͵Ϊһ˾٣뾡˾
뿪Խͼٶɫ죬ԽܿЦִ¹ΣǼ˾ȻҪִ֮꣬롣
΢ôжʮĹٳ飬ӷеʱǽӷ磬еʱǴڣμһµҲûʲôڣԼ϶ǲܲμӵġ
΢ЦˣӷˣٳզӦϤ˾ĹΪȡ
Խû뵽΢Ȼܣһ㶣ܿ͵ҲãҲ񷱶࣬پƾǷ£շ
΢ͷһ˾ôˡܿ΢֪˾ĻҪС
ϵ£ûʲô΢룬Լ̹٣öԷȡйŵľڣҪġ
̹һ¶ΪΪѵ飬Ҳûȥ£΢֣ô¡
ִˣҪžڣáֹ̹Ϊѡ
ʲô˼Īü˾ȻϽ֮ڵᶼûУ΢üһ䡣
̹æУУɼλ帺ļ˷ֱյģҪᣬý⼸λ˶
΢üͷĸˡ
˾ˮȻӦʱģʱӦеĶȻǷֳɼֱ֣ڲͬ˵
ʲô¡


һٰʮ Ȼһ̹
΢鰸֮ü˼̹ǺһԣԹɫ
Ȼλ˾ںܲˣ˵Է¹Σڼ˾޸ҲûҪʲôүģλϹ٣Ҳûɶùӳԡ
΢ȷǲˣº̹ٷҲûá
΢ϸѯһ¼˾ԽԽڣ˾Ȩ类˹ϷˣͬһƬŹϽȨǱĳٿƣ˸岻ȥ֡
Ψһͳȫֵģֻм˾˾١
΢̹ȥŰݻ壬ڼ˾һȦò˵վ̨Чٶ΢ǿͿϾ΢ڼ˾ô˵ҲǶ֣˾ٳԽôһǿϡ
Ȼ΢ƷһЩ
˾Щ٣Ѿһ飬ˮòóȨ棬ǶԼ̬ȻʵȴԶ΢ţǴ㽫Լôڼ˾һ㡣
ǻˣδǻ£òƷٵλãһҲûʲôŵٺ»Ǳ£Ǻ¡
΢Ը⡣
Ʒ٣ҲͬƷ˹٣һ΢ǶƷ˹٣ӹƷ˵һ΢Ȼ㡣
Ҫ١
Ϊľڣ΢ǻѱ˲һʱ䣬ٶȶ
֮΢ų˼ȥһ˴žڵľң߰㣬ûκĶ
룬΢Լ̹٣ȥ˾мٶ
⡭ִˣǼλʲô̹ṵ̂£һ䡣
΢üͷһ塣
̹ǳԽԼģʣ϶ǳԽˣԼһģȽһ£û뵽ԼһԷȻ͸ҷʣȥִС
ɲС
΢۾֪ԼȻһ˾٣ֵ±Ҫŵù֣ȻĳϹӣУֹ
΢Ҳûж˵ֻټΪ˾٣в¼ĪǻҪ𣿡
΢ôһ˵̹Ҳ֪˼ɻ䣬ٶԣæȥٰ졣
Ƭ̣˾ڼƷپ͵ˡ
һˣȴһģһپȻ΢ʱ֮󼸾䲻۲ĻʹŪȥ˵ǹæ֮ģ΢óǹˡ
΢û˵Ҳûг𱸣ûһЦݣƺ⣬ѯһǼŵ顣
٣м΢Ϊ˵ʱشҲмǹҶ΢ɫ䣬ȴǽٵķӦȫ¡
һʱ΢ǽ˾ԼŵŪˡ
ȻԷ˵м漸ּǾͲ˵ˡ΢껰Ǹļִ̱ˣû£¹پ͵ȥæˡ
Ҫߣ
˵꣬һҲ˵΢Цһȴǵλʱˣãվ͵
˵꣬ǼپҪ뿪ʱ΢ֵˣ
һֲͷͣ£΢Ҫ˵ʲô
˾ţйԼ޾ڼϱһ˾ٺ͸˾٣΢һʣǼٶһ㶣һ˵˾Ĺ涨ÿϱһΡ
´ϱжã΢ʡ
ʮ֮ǣ
Ǻã´ϱҪйŵľں͹޾ڡ΢ֱӴ϶Է˵ӹɡ
ٻ࿴һۣȻԥ΢üͷһ壺ô𣿡
⵹ûУ£úͳ֪һһٵ
£Իͳ˵ȥ׼ھͺá΢˵꣬Ǽ뿪
ţٲԼͬľһСۡ
ֵʲô˼Īڹôǣ
ܣϾ¹ѻҪڣǸǣϾ˼ҲǸ˾١
˵еλִ˾˵ǰֻһССİƷ׫٣˾֮£ҿʱŪһ㶫ܺŪȥ
Ҳôģ˵ʵôţǶûȫʲôϸڣЩÿ͵ĹҲ٣Ҳȥ˼ңдһ㶫ŪС
µúͳһ£ξϡ
ãһȥ
⼸ԳΪǶǹƵСΪһƫƧۣ֮Ϊ֪ȴ֪΢Ϊߡ
벽굤Ϊ΢Щٺ޲֮β棬ڰȫ֮ǵ̸
ȥǼ٣΢İ֮룬֪Ҫ˾һף΢ҲҪԡ٣
Ǽٵľʮ֮Ż΢ǲżҪĵһ£ǻһԼεԼ̹١
ǧС̹٣ǵͬٵĹܼңܶ鶼Ҫ̹ȥ΢̹Բһģ΢á
Ҫ̹٣˾϶ǲѡģ΢ֻܴˣ棬˾΢ǲ룬ûԼεģȴкܶࡣ
뵽΢׼ȥ
Ǹ̹ټ΢ҪţæϣҲΪ̹ٵְ
΢ĻţֱӴߣԼԳš
ޣʲô˲𣬲Ͳ̹΢֮Сһ䣬ȻԼȥˡ
΢뿪˾ֱӷãĹΪѾǰ벽굤һ磬һ͵˸á
˿̸֮ææµµСЩС˾Уǲ٣ȴ²ɻȱһ֡
ڸ֮ڣרŸЩСϢĵطСáûµʱеСй̶ְͬѲѲ磬ȥץ»ҰǺСãϹָɣǾͻϲ
˿̸õСڣʮСںġЩСģªɭɭƫƫ̸۵ݺͷһ
ʱһСΪƿ鶯ϲȥҵɢҲֻǵС
һΪϸߣѾСС̵ˣΪˣΪгͷ֮ˣ죬ȪȪ£ֻǵС
û⻰˵ûҾΪΣؼпɽҪ֪һѣλˡǹߣСӲִ֦ŷ֦ͷˣľƷҲؾٰһСʱüΪĽ˵
ʲô־ǾǿԭԼһλǾͽ־
ûִ˿һ˼ѧʣ׫ɽ˴󹦣ѾƷˡ
ǰǰִ֪˳էҲӦ˼ң˵Ҳˡ
ҿҲδأҲִһϵˣ⼸ȥˣ߶ѾˣûжأѾˡ
˵ˣˣΪܸߣ


һٰʮ 
Сڣļ±ʺ˽ЩƣľȻÿҪ¼֮ƶ񣬿˵æµһС
£Ѿʮꡣ
СҲʸˣΪСϸߵһ࣬ƫƫһֱûĻᡣ
ΪСľǳΪ٣׼ȷ˵ǳΪƷΪΪټǲܵġҲһΪȴһֱûлᣬոСĶԻҲһЩѾᡣ
߳Ϊ֮󣬸嶼ǰϵõС۾ۣҹҲ˵Ժˣһֵһѡ˭֪ҪȹչˣٵõƷ٣һƷٶûֶΣүִͨĴڲſԡ
м΢
ȻҲΪʲô΢˹һѣȴûԼҲԹ˵Ϲ΢ڸǵǵƷѲιٵʱ򣬶ûпǣǴԪҲ˵ӸԼ˹ƣдԪ㣬ԼΪҲкôƾһ㹦£ΪͻơЩ£ţûй΢ߣûȥҹ΢
СϢһʹȥʱһСɫҴҵܹŹ磬˽ȥһˡ
ȴСöѻȸ
ʮС˭֪˭Ǹõ٣پƷ⸮˵һĴ٣һ˵Ҫ˭£ֱµƷй٣ҪôǰƷǾƷ˵ûֱҹСһΣ˾Ȼҹʲô
ЩС棬Ҳһȡ
ңЩȷţǴŵС̵ǻм٣ǧȷȥ˾õȣˣд˾ִˣ˵ִҪ㡣
ִˣ
Ȼ֪˾ִ˭Ķ˭֪һɽؾܾʥƷִ֮ڶֱʹ˵һ㣬ЩСͷ̫ˡ
һִҹΧСɫ죬𾪵ģҲо㵵ģĽʵġҲӦæһϵĻ£סѵ˳ȥ
ܣҪˣһϹŹ뿪ıӰ˵
ڴ֮ϣЩĸ˹ȻԨ΢ｻ̸
Сݼˣִˣǰ͹
Ʒ٣ЩСǾǶһĴڣҪǹء
ˣ΢͹ǿˣǰ΢ʱ򣬹ûٰæ΢Ҳˡ
ԨһЦҲǸõˣִҪˣ뻹ǽĴ㡣
һ䣬ѾǼĲˡ
ִûңִҪˡ
ǹ뷨˵ֻҪܸ΢Ĳǽǰ;ȻһƬ̹˭֪΢ڵĵλ
Ʒ٣Ǽ˾Ĵţ˵һ㣬ָͷ©һ㣬͹ԺȲˡ
΢ʱڼ˾ȴһ̹٣ΪƷ٣ҵ̹ҲھƷ٣˾õĲģԾˣԸԸȥ
䣬ͲûĹлˣѾǸõϹ˿ҲǼæԸ⣬Ը⣬ֻҪִܸˣʲôС
ã΢ܸˣĵһѡˣȻҲǹڵĺúõģȥԹûʲôҲһ˼ɽĵӣ΢ȻйĽ飬ҲûʹʺϣΪԣҹʲô¶ʮֻ飬ҳ϶Ҳû˵΢Ҫڼ˾һ򿪾棬Ҫİ֡
ȻҲӦ¾ôˣһͷԸǽĹת˾ԨҲȫ֧֡
ھȥʰһ͸ߣ΢һ䣬ٴιлȻϲ˳ȥ
ֻʣ΢Ԩ
Ԩ΢һۣɫϵܣȥҪ̹٣˾ˮɹİ
ֹǻ룬ֱǵ룬ˮòǵˣһ˾پȻǱܿˣһʵŪҲûӡ΢Ҳ̾˿ǰֻС٣ֻغԼһ̯¾Ϳԡڲ֮ͬһ˾ǲ©ӵˣһ鷳ԽǰһﶨȻὫʺӿ۵ԼͷϣٵǣԼѹ֪ʲô
΢Ҳ಻ɳӵˣɵˣͲ
˵ˣ޴˵ȥ˾ҲǿֶΣ˾Ҳ֪ϵܣ˽㣬ôôʲôæ㾡ܺ˵ҰﲻæһȥٲУȥ޴ˡԨʱ˵΢Цپ̫ûˣĴ磬
Ǿͺãס˾鲻Ҫ֮ǻԨһ䣬΢ͷģҲֻףʮ֮󣬹ŵľڲŻˣҪȥһˡ
ȥģԨʵ
˽羰ڤɽ磬ڣ΢Ц

Ҫȥ˾Ʒִ̹ٵ飬ڸôˣϾҪ߹ĹͲ̫ס
²Сޱȡ
Сڣ֮ǰ۹Сʱ򶼾һɫĽ
˵ô
ϻ¹ķˣ˵Ʒٵ̹٣ôҲþƷؾˡ
̫ˣ֪ǰִ˵ʱҲӦöʾòŶԡ
ˣֵ֪㣬˵λִҲһ˰ĹλҪ̹٣ڲپƷŸɣƫƫѡ˹顣
ûִ˲壬ѾôĹˣǵǰϻƣҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ƣˣҲǷ֦ͷˣҺĹϵԺ˵ûմһء
һǱڶСΧסһƤЦҾϲҲǹסˣҪмСȥȡôˡ
ʱ߸պҲ浱˵£˹
ڰͷˡߺ͹ϵã˿ĸˡ
ֻǺǺɵЦҲƶˣһʱ֮Ҳ֪߸˵ʲô
߽קЩСȻɫִ˲ǲˣȻ㣬ǿ㣬㣬ִʲôҪãǧִܹ˵
Ȼ֪Ҫ˵侲ȹ߶ҪǿĶࡣ
ţִȥ˾Ҫȥ˵Ǳӣһ飬һҪִˣ˵ִһϵģҿżƣִٵٶȣ˻Ҫ죬¾˶Ҫִָˡ


һٰʮ ٻؾ
ڼ˾ְܿͰˣ΢ǳզϾǸ˾٣һСǶã΢Ҳͱˡ
΢ڼ˾ְĵͻ̹ٵϢʹ˳ȥ
ԭԽָɸ΢Ǹ̹ٸоͬһͷˮͷһԼϹͷһͽԼ̹ٸˣΪʲôԼһ۵㡣̹ٲȥ΢ֻȥҳԽ߿״
Խһ΢ͼ
΢úŪԽ룬Ҳ֪ԼһֶЩˣֻǻһ̹ٶѣҲʲô˵飬һ˾ٶ£һ̹٣
ǰ״߿̹ٴߣԽҲ·£˵ûзϡ
ȻԽ֪ǰʲôģ֪Ͳôˡ
ǰǼСרŸɴ̽鱨֮飬йڣ˾ܶǶס
ϧԽ֪Ҳ͵˺顣

˾鲻Ƕʱܽģο΢զҲҪʱϤ֮⣬΢һΪҪҪ
ǾȥڻȡУ¿ɲܵ顣
ִˣ˵ʱҪȥ£ʱԽ΢٣һϲ
΢ڼ˾ȻǺ£˵ʮ죬ٳʱͬ⡣΢ͷȷϣԽھһ׼֡
ִˣ¾ȥ죬ȥȥãٶӦʡԽܸˣû΢ڼ˾ԼҲǰ޼ɵ
΢֮ǰȥݷԨȻϸһ˵ʵ˾¹΢;Ȼ൱ӣԼʱ䣬ҪϤĶĿ
΢֪ڻպȡö˶Ҫڴ֮ǰھϣһǰڤɽ硣
ʱܽȣ΢ߵҲܼԪҲֻǽһ£ȨϵڴԪ΢Ƿĵģ˭֪Ԫ΢ĵ̣΢Ʒ٣һ˾ԲǡֻϧϵǰѾ뿪¹ۣϵ΢ġ
ǰ΢ûʵһϾֲܽڣ΢һװá
΢ɵСΪҪ֮ڸϵûġ΢ſһ磬ļ³˸־Щŵǲ΢΢ڿն
һ̤΢ѾǷɳ׿⡣
ʿֶΣ˸·һʱҲ߸ʮ·ûŵʿһʱаǴ࣬΢Ѿŵʿһʱ
˿΢ƶ˷Уٶȼ죬߿ѰʿԼֲ˶ã΢ΪлǰȻһ΢ûϢǳУ㣬ֱʯʱ֮΢Ѿǵ֮ǡ
΢ҲкܶҪͷһȥҶƽ˽һ¾״΢ƽҲʽձͼ
ֻ΢֪ͼֵ˵˶֮ںܶ飬Եһʱָơƽ᲻ͷ΢ûᣬΪƽһˣ˵ĺôǿԵһʱȷѡ
ʳǣ΢ΪҪ͵͵ǱΧѴ֮
ǸԺӣƽ̫ڳԼ̳õļ㣬ۣò˵ƽܻܡ
΢Ϣĳ֣䣬ֳΡ
ƽһצֱӵڵϣһ΢ûıòԱòʾˣֱ߹ڶ棬Ȼӹһȣ
㡭㡭ƽ˵֣Ȼͨʲô̾˿ɨһ΢ļȵȣһˡ
ѾԹһˣ΢ûпҧһڣ֮µʿȫٹȣ˵΢ʮ첻ԲҲûʲôٻҪԶġ
ִˣƽʱ̽Եһ䡣
Լ֪ˣ𴫳ȥ򣬺㶮΢ЦЦƫƫ˵Ļ˺ëֱ
Ҿ֪㣬ϴǸҰңҾͲ³ˣƽʱЦһ˿ɬһ˿һһ˿
ûǼ
΢Ȼ֪ƽ˴Ҽаһ¼˵֮ڣλ˻ʣƽҲˡ΢һһ꣬ƾ޿Ȼڶ̶̼ʱΪƷ٣ڵŴϴŹʣǶ˶ǵƣһĸ֣˵޵Ǵ˵еɵؾµһҶս
ֻˣƽǾֻ΢Ǿ춯ء׫顶ɽƽǧо֣ʥԺ˵֮·Ӯ˹˾֮Ǩλ֮Щ΢սһһ׮׮гƽа۸ڶˣǾηޱȡ
֪Ϊʲô΢꼦ȣһ䡣
ƽͷȻӻȡһŵ˹ȥִˣ֪Ķ档
΢Цˣ˵ˣҪ˵Ļƽ㶼Ҫ˵֪Ҫʲô
ҲֻˣִƽĶ
΢Ҳ֪һԼܽƽס֮ԿԣΪ΢޷ӵеơ
Ǿǡ֪
΢֪ƽ㣬ҵһʱͽԷסԲƽʵϣ֮ڣ֪ƽǶˣĿǰҲֻ΢һ˶ѡ
ǾԵƣͬ׵һǲǴֲġ
˼ȣ˵û仰΢ʹˣΪõҪĶƽҲûʵϣ΢η廹Ҫھ壬Ϊ˭µƽƫƫ΢ǰо˺£Ͳ΢һߡ
΢ĨĨˣ߻˵һ䣺⼦Ĳ
ֻǲ
ƽӺòŪ伦ʳѰǧ𲻻˻ԣҲԲҲѵģӵļֻ˵˾䲻ĨƨˣҪǾô򲻹΢ƽԼͶˡ

Ҿ֪طһǰȲ΢ֵɽҿˣȷǴ֮Ҳлл㡣
лʲôҲֻܰһСæˣңҺгԹǽ㣬ԸǲǿӲѪҰ߿ҲǺ£ΪûҲ˻֮λҪǣ㸸ԲңǺѣһһϡ΢ʱʮֿ϶˵ڵԸ΢ʻ˽ġ
Ӧôط̣Դ֪΢٣ϣΪϣķˮʱط֪΢Ҫǿ̫࣬£ȻҪ΢ΪҪ˻֮λҲֻܶ£½ҷԴ˸ο½Ȼ


һٰʮ ôģ
ط΢ʮׯء˵ϣطҪ΢꣬Ǵ˿̣ȴһѧһ
ô飬Ǻ£Ҳǻ£ˣ˭Һأ΢̾˿˻֮·һӲ˲Ѫ֮⣬Ķû⣬ĲɻԶѡҳ֧ĴҲв٣иһҪҪǱ㸸ʶ̬ȣͬ⣬ٺҲûã˻ºܼ򵥣дһƪģоҵĸ״ңĨңֵ½֪ôһ㸸ʾͻϲˡ
طĿɿڴüͷһ壬Ҫܾ΢̾͵ǲԸ⣬Ǿͱ˻ʣҲֻϷѣҾѣҪΥĵ飬ȻԼ֮ǰ㼸ְɡ
΢ʱϵıʣ鷨д˼֡
Ϸȫݼ

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ڵѩīɽڵַᣬոС¸ڻĿͷΪʿҪץһʱ硣
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˿΢ͬԼһŵģҲֻһˣַڣֱȥԶʩչ硣
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ȻͬڵĺѩīɽڵַԼոСҲΪѣԲʱ
Ҫţʡԡȱһɡ
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΢ÿɷǴַ׳գܿ죬ǾͷӦ΢˵Ļġ
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ϵ֪֮ʿΪ䣬֪ԺʿʼѾԺĵǱﶼоŵҪŪ΢νŻӵֲ˼ĵز
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ô΢һţţһӹɣĸҲòһ㡣


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΢˶˶ۺ󣬻Ե߶һƷзͼһǷٶֻգ֮䣬ѾɳΧ
ƷзÿٶȣʱոС¾һ˵꣬Χ͵Ϯһܿһ֣ӿһγһ֣Χ絲档
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ȥڤɽʱмǲ뿪ۣɸ߿һػŵıǵΪ̾ͻ纮˵꣬βһϣĿͬʱٿضۡ
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ַǹ΢ŵľ飬ǸأȻ͸¶īɽҲרŵĹ΢ֻǽһЩϵص㣬ַȥ
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ϲַᣬ΢ҲϾϲһˣΪҪľԲʺϡ
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˴ɣΧƺͷ峺ޱȵǿգһ죬羰أƽʱģ΢ͷ죬һʱ侹ȻǳУʱһƣһ̸֪ģǺεȵա
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Сѩſڽ࣬Ҳǵ۲΢һ䡣
΢֮һȻԸ˳ãǧﹲ濾꣡


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⻰΢֪ѾͨˣҲ΢΢һЦǶʿ
ⲻԶ˷ڣۼ˸ʿʱȻһȻֻǻ˵ȡôԱ档
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Ȼ⻰ص΢˵ģʧԺйϵһӹɣ֮ǰһֱ΢ڿҲӦǰ˾Ųʮ΢ȻҲУֻû֤ݣҲ΢ƷΡ


һپʮ ӡ
˵ڶհʱ֣ƽֶ̨֮ʮˣˡĿȥɼƽ̨֮ѾۼϰʿͷҫУ㷨ĴʿӦöʮ˹ӵĹޡ
ÿһһƷ˿ʮ۷ɵʿۼһཻ˵޷ǾǸһʿΣбǴ˴ڿɳεȼڷʬ
ʮ˹Уλһ㣬Ȼ֮ں绽꣬ȴЩŲϺˡ
ջȨȨģȻǼǿĻ羰ܹ
ף˿̻һܣЦһӲſһΣÿһģǸһеĶ֮ҿһУܹ˲űһһеĵһˡ
ʮһȻҲһԳȻᶷǶ죬һʵȴĳʿǾٹ¶й⣬ûܳŵסʿȻǱͿĶ
ף⻰ڹάܹˣǴܹĻҽһߣȴӥǣݣһɫ˿ȴǹһЦʮֵ⣬Һף⻰һ㣬Ҵܹ߾£֮˲ã߾Ҳǧţҿһ֮ǰǵһһӹɡ
⻰˵ĺܿûӣܹ˼пʱ˹ĻɫѿķȲ
ʱĻ۾һУЦȷѵõʿǧɽڵ½ǧҲװҿȲҲ޼ˡ
̧ףһ֪ڸԼҲͶұɽڣǲǶţοɽҲһţ棬˵Ѿǰ벽أΪ˵һߵģܽѹƵ㾳磬δر½ǧˣɽڻһҵģҲǲ˵֮ǰһԹɱһش󾳵ޣ˲𰡡
һ⻰ĻҲһ⡣
һǻһƤӵ˭ϲִ˲ƣവ˹ȻЩˣɲαȵľǵһǿ˭ǹһûгżģֵ˭
ҲдС̣ʹСĻģĻͰС㣬ͣ˿뵽ʲôλһˣҲһʿҿǱҲǺѷɫ
һ˶һ㶣ǴܹɫһɫƵĿ˺أɭɭһЦŶȴ֪˵˭
˵ʱؾ֪Ҳ֪Է˵˭˵ʵ£ǻҶ̬Ȳã˵ǵжԵġҲǵ͵û뵽Ȼ
˿̹һЦ΢

ˣˣ˵޵Ҳɵұͷܴ˵ĿԺȼ簡
ոλû֣΢ƺгԹʶѾð
ô˵Ϊʼұ⡭
Ļû˵Щ׽Ӱ飬ܴ˭֪˵ʲô顣
ܹĻɫÿҲһ
С֮ĶԹûôţҺʼұʧһϵûУλвɺҴ⡣ʱЦ˵ⱾǺϡ˵Ҫ²ܹ֮ȴ˿ӣȷС֮ĶԹҿӦûλһʱ򣬱֪˭ǿ˭ˡ
ɫһ䣬Է˵ĺҪڴѹʿˣ˵ºûʲôϵҲǹغһ档
΢ٲڴҲʿ˷ҲǴǰᴫУ΢Ҳ޹⡣
ף˽ã֪⻰⵽ΪֹãԳԲ⣬ˣ˷ɳ֪ڵķʬҪ֪ڵķʬΪʹǿƷֵ֮ġ
һ˵⣬ҲǱתע
ûһɳڣһӡʬʮͭӡʬӡʬһһһʮڵʿ֮ʬӡģȻãҲֻʵǿʿӶΪһ
һʿһֻǿҾãӦÿнӡķʬһ󵨲²⡣
ӡʬ
һ˶һȻʲôΪ治ΥɳԱɳɵӡʿȫӡ˷ʬȴɳʿǰӶΪ
ӡǸʿǿģӡ߼ˡ˵ʬ֮ǰʻΪǼߵģӶΪõĺôҲõġ
Ǵ˷ɳ˽ӡʬֻдܹ߾ŵɽڵ½ǧԼɽڳʸᡣʱ˵ƨ
ܿ죬˷ڿпֽܳӡʬϢʹˣһʿնмȻһӶӡʬΪǵǼкôԸı֮塣
˭Ķ
ϢҲǽӡʬ֮
ʿҲԾԾԣСµӡʬѾ൱ӡʬ˵Ѿ겻⣬˷ɳֱʺܴ󡣡
Ȼôãǣַ˵ɡ
ѣӡһȻǼ˵ΪûпܣóȻᣬòʧ˷ҲȻԸҲ֪֮˷ۼ˽һʿǰʮҲ˶ѣˣСºַᣬԼѩǰʮѾǲˣӡʬ
΢һֵ
⻰С¡ַỹǺѩͬģ΢ǿѾϣ˵ǵ˭ӡʬҲֻ΢ԡ
ʱͷһ£󼸵Ӱ֮ʮ˹ڶʿ̸ֹͣȫӭӣȻɳˡ
ʱ˹һƷҲ˿
΢̧ͷһ㿴£ɵǣһʶɳԺʥ
ʥͨܲɷɳ󷨴ʦڣҪϣʥȻҪǰ
ʥ֮⣬ɹ٣һɫȻ
λɹٴˣʮ׷ǰǰƷʥڹλϱ˹һƷҪͣʮҲǹмӣҪ˵ӰǲʥΪϣǲ˺Զʥǿˡ
ͷɹٵ˵ͷȻ˷ڣɳڷʬһʮӡʬһ٣ͭӡʬʮӡʬʮӡʬһӡʬһ
Ĵӡʬ˶̲סͷһ


һپʮ ڿ
ӡʬ
ʮǰͲסһ֮ɫ
ɹٴˣ˷ɳҪһӡʬܹ̲סʵ
ͷɹüͷһ壬ϲĪǱٻ˵Ѳɣ
ܹһԷƷɹ٣Ϊҵæͷ¹ٲң¹ٲǸ˼
ߣɹһֿһ۶ԷŵӡʬɳȷʿĶͣҪ֪ڵ򣬱˴ӡĲ˵һʬǰǾţ죬һȡΪȡĺô˵Ҳʱ֮·˳˳ˮ˵ɣǳɾɣˣҲûпܡ
⻰ɹ˵ԵĹģ˵һʿʮĻ˿̶
ȻǷʿΪѾѼлԵƽٳɣҲǲоɣʡԵȱһɣУʺͻԵ֮ϡ
ֻϧɳһʿĵطֻؾʿܽ룬ʮĻȻǲܽȥȻ֪˿Ҳ̾תһ룬֪һλѵãǸԼʿ뷨һǴӡʬҲǴй⡣
ʱλɹеʥһ۾Ϳ΢һ㶣Ȼǳ΢˹ȥ·ʿǴһ֪λɹʥҪʲôֻǼæܿҳײ
ʥߵ΢ǰǺһЦ΢ԭҲڣ֪Ҳұһգܺдд弼
˻һֳһƬѻȸһĿɿڴ
λɳʥðƷɹ٣Ȼκɫĺһʿ˵΢εºܣ
ܿ˷Ӧ
΢ˣ΢⿪ǧֵĴģֲʥ࿴һʼΪǺ˵˵
΢ǳˣʥкǻн顣
һʿȻһλˣʵĽ
ˣ΢ҲƷ٣˵ʲôʱ򣬾תΪɹ٣
˵ʵ΢ҲЩܳæ񣺡¹ټʥˡ
ʥЦŰ˰֣϶ǲУ´һɣһ¡
˵к΢ȥɹٵλһλɳ˾˾ͽˣλ˾ͽ˵̹٣֣ˡ
΢һ֪ʥڰԼչϵ˵ʥΪζԼչˣȻʵʱ
ɳ˾˾ͽˣӦƷɹ٣λ˾ͽͷжɡǣȹ̵ɣڳΪߵһӣΪ
һ̹٣ȴѰɣҲαɣΪʥΪƷɹٵ̹٣ҲӦǾƷλˡ
΢ҵæ
Ҳ΢ҪôûᣬΪ΢٣ɳУ¹ټϹҲɳٳĹء
λ˾ͽ΢Ĺλ̫ˡ
˵ƷٵͬھƷɹ٣ʵϵλȴǲ˺ܶ࣬΢Լλ˾ͽῴһۣʥǶٸһӡ

΢һۣ˵ͷǻ﷢һǻӦˡǸƷ̹٣ҲǼΪҲֻǰȻӦһûн΢
ɹٿ٣ˡ
ʱλ˾ͽʲôȻ΢ʵʥ˵˽⿪о֣㣿
¹٣΢ͷ
ˣɽҲдģܲ˾ͽ˵һ䣬һЩ⣬һ˿͡
Ȼ΢ġɽ˽ɳҲ֪
Ҳ˶ѣ΢þգ¡ʥ˵ͷ΢Ҳ֪΢٣Ծð΢һѵ뷨һЩɹʶ΢;Ҳкô
ⲻ֪ٶѾΧڶʿȻ󲨡΢ȱ˭ڵжҪ
һĻЦһһ˵֮ǰﻹôһ㲻Ļǳ׵ķˡ
ƷɹٵϢ֮ǿڳɵ涼ҪڷʿԷǸ߲ʵĴڣʿ֮Ҳκν΢ȴܺ˵ϻһ㣬Ͳ̫Զ
⻹ôȣ
ʮĻҲ΢һۣɫ죬ؿһĻҲй⣬Ͼ΢ʿ
һʱ䣬΢Ҳû֮ǰų⣬ҪԸ΢һ塣
΢гԹһĻҲʮѿתһ룬ҲֻЦһ
Σ£ȴ¡ΪһĿɽҲУ΢˾ͽɹҲֻǵͷ֮ĪԼ΢˾ͽɹپͻήԼ
Դȷ΢ǵʼұԼһѣҶߺƲͼˣͽ΢ɱɱ֮ˡ
ŽڣӵһʱͽҵҪ˭ҺΣ˿ɱʢ
ǱߵʿУһʿҲ΢һ㶡
Ȼ벻벻̶̼֮꣬ӾȻɳز
һµۣᣬţɽҡ֮ǰּҹ΢Ҫ΢ɽʱ΢ûȥû뵽̶̼ʱ䣬΢ĳɾ;ȻﵽزϾܴһŽڣ˵ΪһǧʿУǰ塣
΢Ҳǹʽˣ΢֮ұȥкһ̣һĿɨͣ¶Ťͷȥ
棡ͬվһһµĵˣͬʿ棬ͬţȴкܶԹѾ˲ɻĵز
ңԼڱ־͹㽫Ұɱ˳𲻱ҳΪˡǵ˫۱䣬ҵ
üͷһ壺棬ǵܴܵŹ棬ϧҲɱҲɱǽһͷϣҲ֮ˣžǡ
ߣãʱܾУЦЦҲЦ˿ǹϵǢͬţʵȴС
ڣɱ¾кܶʿǴѰԹ̸ϵ޲ûͱӡ
硣
˿λɹѾ׼ڣҪڣֻɳضſ
ͼʥ˦ֶöڰûΧ֮Уĳ󷨣˾ͽɹȡһ˽̧ͭ˦ϵӰ¹⣬һ̣һ뵶ɨǰ֮նһѷ졣
ѷ֮ڹӰ任ƺ̨ͤ¥
˷ֶΣҲֻ˲ʩչһڷʿĳȣʱʮɳɫѷ֮󣬱˾ͽɹٵѾȷʿ룬ʱ


һپʮ ˼ǽ
ڿ˶֪εĻԵǿʼˣڣڹ涨ʱӶʬΪ˵ĻԵãʡ°ޡ
˭Ķ
ȷʿã֮ǰ֣ȡһӡסһӡӶһڷʬΪǰᣬûڷʬǻᣬҲսǿ˥ȫǡڿʱΪգ֮󣬶ԭ·أǴӳţмǣ
˾ͽɹ˵꣬̾ʿǰɹ֣ȡӡȻѷ֮ڡ
Ǳߴܹɨ΢һۣȻЦһȡӡС
һۣ΢֪ǻһʼͶԼ֣ȻҲԼҲѡһʱ䶯֡
鷳ǣ΢һʼû뵽Ҳû׼ͨʿ㣬΢ҪԸаյģͬԷʣԼǿͬɵѾã߾ҲǶţеľȴԪӽԼĲҪ֣΢ʤ㡣
ϣùΪҲһΪ̫ǿˡ
ǿȻӲƴ뵽΢Ѿơ
΢ߣɡʱַ߹˵΢ҡͷҲˣгԹ϶ڵңһȥȻɱ
ַ˶һСºͺѩҲһС
ȷǿޱȣոɱȻҲսִˣôĪǲȥˣСʱʵóһ˿䲻
Ϊβȥò״ӷĺҵȻҪȥȴǲܺһȥȻǱǣ˵ʵսֻһˣԱֵ֮ʸûУһܶܲˡ΢˵ʵȻЩˣַỹСºͺѩ֪Ǵʵ
ԭ΢һ룬Ϊ롣
¸ƨôǶ֣ĪǻɲַЩīɽڵͽһʿеٮٮߣ֮ڣҲ˾ηĴڣ˿Ща
ɲ΢ֱ׵ֵַ̯֣֮ǿ󾳣ȴɺ龳ʿҼһҲ֡
ַһ龳ҲĿɿڴ룬Ҳй
ȽȥȻԶɷӡ΢ԽԽʿ룬һ䣬СҲ֪Խ룬ԽûƣҲ顣
ַҲ˵ͷ΢ãȽ룬ԼСģ˵Եܶ࣬ӶᵽУؾȥ㡣
΢ͷַĸȥӡڡ
ƽ̨֮ϵʿԽԽ٣΢ֵƬֱ̣ʿ֮ǰӡȻһ̤ѷ쵱С
һ˲䣬Ӱ任һ΢Ѿһ޴ɫʯ֮ϣһѷ죬ѷ硣
˿ΧһƬ΢ûü鿴ܵ͸оһΣϮ
͵Ϯ
΢׼һ̤һ̣һҹ΢Ӱ飬ڵʯһۡ
ԶУŷţƮֳַﵣһɱڡ
֮ߣСӵϣ㲻ˣһߡһһңһɨֱʮ⡣
Ǳ΢θո֣ͷ˷΢ոʩչ֮ٴʩչۿҪС
ǣ΢β㲻ܣ̧һǵͱȻһʯ顣
ʩչĵ΢ԡǡ񵲿˵쳣һΣ΢ǽֱۣһ˺һ
Ƭ֮䣬΢ѾǹС
ΧвʿһĻǾĿɿڴһһ㣬һһͨ˶ܿ
ι󣬿ֶΪȻǱشʿʩչĵҪǿ
΢һζһθ񵲣ǿȦɵ㣬ιǽеķﵣ΢ȴûжκͷȫҶһ䡣
Ͽռݾƣǹһֶǿᡣֲ֪΢˿ԵֱǿƱ̬ʩչֱһ
֮ǿ֪΢󣬱Ϊֻһ廨ͷû뵽ҲȻʢ֮ʿǧ֮⣬һЩʿһĻҲ̾ѡ
ɲĶ֣ոûгȫ΢ѾʩչȫˣϧвŻ٣ǰ;˷ȴҪˡһʿȻ΢Ƚǿ
һᣬ˷ڶʿУ˷ʱ䣬ǱץʱȥѰǴӡķʬܶ˴ӡķʬǽɾδزһʿһ
еһʿҲ۾һʩչֶΣȥ
뵽һʿ˵΢һսӦû൱ʣ֮ȣӶΪ֮ء
һΧʿ˸ɸɾ
ն˿̸΢һɫϣֻӲд
еġȻǴӱȡĺƲͼ
ȻѾȷ΢ȡ߲ͼˡ
΢ʩչֶΣЩľֱۻָȴޱȣЩʿ˿̳ûȥΨһĴӡʬ˷ʱ䣬Сʧ󣿡
һмЩӻ㣬϶磬ӡʬҪˡ
˵ͻȻѣ˲ʧٿѾǵ΢ͷ֮أûзﵣһ£˲䣬һɶ೤ӡӡ档Ӳҵֱӱ飬ʯҷɡ
һ֮Ժƽһɽ˿ͷͣɫһϾϣҪˣȻҶֻ֪һӣǣԶӲè
˵꣬ٷӶ
ʯУѾû΢Ӱ
΢ڵŴϺؾʿԵУͷĺַᶷΪ΢֪ԼӮ
΢֪ԼӮһɶûУûʩչץס̾ˡ
˿΢׭ǴӴԪӵ֮ȡģз߶֮硣ʱ΢ŵ棬ʩչõʯͿľΪڻٱӡ
֮Բ÷ŷУȴΪ΢ע⵽ķŸ࣬ԼĿ·Ƭ̾ͻᱻ׷ҿڵ޴ء


һپʮ ΢׾
Ϊʱ΢ͼƻõģǲ٣΢Ҳ棬ͬҪ΢ܷ
ֻӡ
΢ϤĵΣа˳ɵİտߣͬʱ׷ڵ΢֪ҲϤ΢İղ󣬵ΨһķӣðҲҪԡ
΢ĵ缫ߣΪͨġʩչЧҲҪʿǿöࡣ
ٶʱڣ鴥Ӧܼƻ˳ɹʡ
棬΢ֻǼʱ䣬Ѿǵ⣬Ȼ㵽һž޴ľ֮Ϣָ
ôúŪģ΢Ϣ˲ʱ䣬һѾǴ΢֮
΢ʩչǷһ⣬һΣ΢ˡ
ǷһֵַתƵ˵ֻĵ̫ǿ΢ȻŲ˳˳ɵµҲˡ
֮ǰǻ΢֮ϡ
ӣ
һ׷ᣬһӴܣÿһһҪ׷΢΢ܻзգͬһһΪҪץˣһָ̣ܻͷߡ
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ûʲôãٷŭ΢ԵУһ۵ķӣǾƿڴ
߾ŵӵݣǲм˵Щۻ֮ԵģϾʧݣǴ˿ȴǹܲôˡ
ֵģС˸ӣʿϣ뱾涷һһӴܣֱʿ档
΢ᡣ
΢Ϊ٣֪ܣӣӣɸ뱾һս
΢ǲᡣ
Ķ֣
棬Ѿǿڲԣʲô˳˵΢ˣûͣ£Ǽӡ
ڲĶ֣Ǻһս˼΢ѹֻԷһ͵Ĺ
Ŀڸ΢磬֪ԷܣҲáȫ׷ɱ
֪֮䣬һǰһһƬ潨֮ڡ
Χǽ纣¥֣·ۣԹһ㣬΢һ۾һǰá
ĵΣʺ϶أǱ΢УҪ׷Ͼϼˡ
ϣ´ӻȡһ䷨˦ֶһ̣Ƕͻһ⣬һֻţСޣ񱼶׷΢
ǰýһūūһֻɫѪش󾳵ʵūУҲǼϡٵģسٶȣѰұԺܱء
һ£ٻѪӦУﲻסˣ΢һƬ浱У϶ҲˣٻѪҪڴ֮ǰɱ΢
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΢Ҳһ˲оΣռͷһͿһѪɫӰԿ쵽ŵٶȳԼ׷Ƭ̾׷ϡ
п𣬵΢ܿ侲ִһ˦ʮźӿǳɫӰ
ū΢йū
΢ĹūǴвȡ֮ƶɣγɺڻⱾҲһƷˡ
ȻڻƲףҲ޵֣΢֪ԵʩչڻҲûá
£ǸŹֵޣ΢ʻǿԵġ
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ﱻڻûƬ֮ͻᱻɸʬֻǺܿ죬䷢һѪȻͬһðһƬڻն
΢ĿɿڴޱȣԼòƳĺڻȻôĸɸɾ
ȻųǸ޲򵥡
΢ڻĿյѾû棬Ƭ֮ûӰ
Ѫ׷ˣ˺ƬŭޱȣһƬ浱оȻв赲鴥Ӧ΢еɲǣʧȥ΢ټ
£ֻѪ׷ɱˡ
Ѫͨԣһ£㻯һɫӰӣ׷ȥ
΢һƬпٱܣ߹հƣ֮Ӧ΢˵Ǻ£ҵ΢Ҳɿˡ
ʱ򣬺һɫӰͻȻɱ΢һצ
΢æܣһǱԷһצɨ̱ӡ΢һҪ֪Լϴһۿɲͨɫ΢Ҳһţϵĵۼӳֹµ赲Ѱ
צһɨ飬һצץϣȻƤ
˦ôһޣ΢ͲҪˡ
Ҳ΢֮һ֮ǰֻܲ׼ԼʵΣöԷĹԼʵ
Ȼ΢ɹˣȻΪɳһͬش󾳵޾ͿԶԸԼ
һ΢ûܣӦǻѪѪޡ
һУֳ΢Ǻ޶ĳֱӰ޴ȥһͷȻ޵ʱʿǿ˲֪٣Ȼ΢ȫ޾ȻǺ
ͼԸͷ΢аۼѪҪ΢ȡһͼչ
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΢׾һ㽫ش󾳵Ѫɱ
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ոһ˲䣬Ȼʧȥ˶ūĿơ


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ɵӶܿĸڻؾ֮ǰáԭ΢áӦˡ
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ʱ΢оΣմҲ̧һӣ齣ͷӶصһһƬ𻨱𣬽Ϯɱһɽڵء


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ѰʿƷʮɣҲ˵ǷǳҲߵʿƷʮҲֻܳɹΣʿ֮ѪɹʻɣɼƷ֮ѡ΢ñī飬˿ԼѪʮɰա
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浶΢޲ߣ֮ʲôģ΢һ㶼û漰ҲһǬ
ӡϵΪ֮΢Ѱ

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ͬţȴвɻĳԹһ֮ǰִ˾ԱһŹصĵɱ
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һ̣ĺֱײһϣȻǱˣ߼ĽȻһ㣬͵һ㽫Ǻס
񽣣붼롣ԭأȴ˫дʡ


һپʮ 
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Ѫܵʬ嵹ڵϣΧҲӿһѪ֮
ɱ˵½ǧûһ˿һı仯һ̣ĿɨԶң߿ͬųҲüͷһ壬в̣ȻͳԼȴûҪ
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´һ½ǧɱͬţĳҲܷŹ㣬γĽְɡ
һǬ·ͷ
½ǧЦһ˿гȻֵҰνԽʬ
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֪ԼȷǵסǬ¿赲ʣһֶξҲ赲ס
סҲִУҿӿĽſһ磬Ȼͬһ
ȻҲǺ񽣣
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˿̣žһ񽣺ǽײһ£һǿ񽣾Ȼžһѿ
һѪӿӿȻ󣬵ȴѪҲʿ塣û뵽һ¶ײͽԼĺ񽣸ˡ
һܴЩԲЩͷǣһ̣һѾǷնȥֱĲ
ˣ
ҽ۾һյƬԴҲû̧ͷһȴǿ֪ʱһѾվǰһ
΢㣿


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˵ڲ֮ǰ΢ΧѰҷʬò˵ȡӡʬΪ֮΢ͳͷͬ͵ȵèֻҪɵʿ޷ֵֿΪջ
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˵ûҵʬ΢ȴǷߵ΢Ϲʱ򣬸պÿ½ǧҪԸҡ
΢Ȼһ۾ϳңۼԷͣҾҪɥ΢Ȼ̳֡
ŲǷһ
΢кΪȫӲӲķǧ˵Ĺ͵֮ŲƿԲŽŲǷ
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䷨΢ҵǲʬҲûӳȥһȥȻΧС
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ͭǷʬҲ˵һ䣬΢ûУֻԼˡʬ񱩡֮Ĵ
΢ϸʱʬȻһ뿪ʧ١


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ոյķʬԻȻֻ΢һҶԷԲԣһϵ΢ƫƫ
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ǰݣ˴µʯȴã΢ԿǽϹŵƾֻľϻϨƺֽʣһ̣΢һͣΪӺϣϥһӰ


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΢һʿǼǿͲԼ֮ңĵطȻһˣһ
΢ܿͻָΪѾ֣ӰϺϢûҲûʬԹûС
Ҳ˵һʬ壬ʬ塣
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д֣΢СĿţ̿һּǣ¡
󹱣óϣ֮ˣڵӼ֮м֮𡣡
΢һʬԭڵĳϣҲӦĳޣֻϧ֪Ϊ΢ȥ
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˼ƺб΢һҳֽŲһҳдλá
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΢ȻǿһЩھӲ١дֻ֮Ҳա
ǿھ£΢ǶĸʬһۣϧҲڵӣʵϣѾûһӴµĶҡ
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΢򿪣¶˽ݣȻ֮ġ
΢ⰵȥ˵㡣

⣬˾ͽɹڴʱһԸ󷨵ʥͻȻüͷһ壬ǰһ̣ܲӡ˿ӿʼζмѾǱ顣
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֮أЩԹѪƾ⿪ûѪƣѪȻҲͣˡûѪĳ߻ЩûѪ̬ʬǺһظ
ɼֶΣɼһߡ
ڣһõĸ֮ϣһ˿ͣˣһͬһֳľӣü϶Ǹɳ֣ҵļƻҲãΪһЩʿȻһϧϧϧǣҵĿѾﵽķӡѾ⿪һ룬мƷʱ򣬶Ȼ缦ȮٽʬųǸĳҲ׾١Ҵ˷Щʿ˰ǶѾвֻϧûɱ΢
΢Ȼϳ˱Ǻɽڵ½ǧ
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ȥɣɱһЩʿǻҪΪģȻˣǷʬԼɣϾˮ֮ȡΪ½ǧ˿̳ؿڲŽ̵ķʬ˵
ڴ֮ǰȥɱ˰ɣɱԽԽá½ǧ˵꣬Ƿʬһɱ뿪

΢㻹ҵˣһʯٿţʵغƷʼѣȻﲻƷʯĵزѾ൱ˡ
΢ǸˣӰͨȥڵ߲͵ڰ˲ͬջķᣬзҵƱ
΢֪һ´ԪǲȱǮˡ
ڣ΢˵ھŲ㣬ռ䲻󣬵һȴһɹŹֵУһ
ȻֻҪȥｫⱦ򿪣ɻĶ
΢ûż߹ȥΪ۵Уǰľɫôһ¡


ڶ٩ ƾͼ

˾ڣ΢ʱĽͰռ˾һе鱨ǹֺϷȻڻ£ʱ䣬ѾһЩüĿ
ļ˾ʵȨ󣬱ϾǹϽĹšɳϽ֮£ǿ϶ҪŵգԹšҷ䷸˵ͨ쳹ܵʿˣǾҪƿصġ
ⶫļ˾ȴһͿ
ȨȻạ֮̊́ڵҲԼʱ˱֮⣬˸֪ΡصǣܶŻ¸ǣ죬һЩ˵飬Ҳ֪Ǽ٣Ǽ˾٣Ҳǣ˽ȥ
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Ȼ֪ҪԸСĽǵ˼˾ôҪĶСġеʱ򣬱СģҲӱ˵ơչ˼˾ͽӵϹҪһѲ̽һŵ
ϹƷ̹ȻֻܿǰܿجĴһĳΣܵϮȫɥ
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ĺãֵ֪ĻҲỳʲôɣҲҲ֤ˡ
ɱ˵ǹЩֶΣ·ӣȻԼһߵС
ĻҲֻ·һĹв֪ٶУĹһϽȥ̾ͻ˺飬һգǹѰ·
ɱǹ߶˺ܾãκ˳ȷˣ±㵽Ϊֹмǲ©

ڣ΢ڵ¾Ų㿴һĶǷ˹ŹֵЦݡ
ûǰⱦ䣬¿Ȧ˼飬ӻȡһᡣ
֮滭ŵһֻޡ
ģ죬֮ɫ۾Զ䣬ģ񹷣ȴβצ
Ϊ֮һƻá
Ҳ΢˸֪޵ĵϸ΢׫ɽȻǶָƣܶޣǳǵޣδ֪ҲΪˣɽŻǰɾͺ
⡮ƻá޼ΪƳһлΣ֮⣬ѹ֮ܣ΢ʦ⻭Ͼʹܡ
Ǿƻú塣
Ȼʲô壬ޣԶԷ˺֮Ч󡣶ƵޣһֽǸ¶ôһӵڶġߡɴá
΢˼͸ԨһҲ˹һ
΢չƻá洫һĽһ̣ھŲﴫһҽУ漴ʧǱһĶҲͬӰһʧ
ȡ֮һֵꡣ
ڵϣԱƻáסˣһʱûж΢˿һۿȥͷƤ顣
꣬һʿҲԽԪ񡯡Ҫ֪ԪģɵʿſԪ֮䣬˵ԪӵеĻɵΪԪ嵥ڣطԪֻɢ֮䡣
鴮еĴԪӣһԪ񣬲ԪһԪҲܴأɴ˿΢һԪȴǱ񣬺ʣǿʩչܵԪ
Ӧ΢ѹס࣬һʱȡϵ鴮ȻԪݺݴ˹ȥͬʱһķ
鴮ǵ귨۷崿ԪƵһþԪ񣬴ԪӵʵΪǿᣬҶ鴮۷֮΢ķǴԪӽ΢Դ߶鴮Ԫķ
ԭ̸΢ż΢ƳԪ鷳Բжһ١
û뵽ڣ΢һˡ
ǶڵϵԪǱƻáһסˣ϶Ϊƻý٣ȴ֪΢һ
ʵϸûҪ£һ΢Ҳ֪һԪӦԷǵˣ΢һж߲ˣΪǿ鴮Ԫľȴǵ
һȥ鴮ð⣬γУȻǽǸԪֱ˽ȥ
Ƕô߶鴮ķԪȥˣǾͳˡ
ƯڿУɢ챦鴮΢˿ǧһǧһԪعԼ϶׶༪٣һȽԪһԪǵѣ΢ˡ
Ȼ΢֮ǰ֪Ԫǵˡڵ㿴ĸʬֽϵ֣һƭֺȦף˵ʲôǳӵ㿪ʼЩʯ֮ĶʵϾնҲԻԣ˭ڷʵʵĺôֽϵŲɡ
ھŲ㣬ȻҲԥ򿪱䡣
һˣ˵ϵˣ΢һˣһԺоֽϿһֽ䣬΢ɵһ㣬һǣ΢ۡ
һھŲ㣬Ϳǰһжֻǻɴ˿ɼһȦף΢ȻɵǼٵı䡣
ˣ΢ȷԪ϶Ʒһʱ佫ԼȡҲǳ˵Ķ
΢ȡˡƻá޵Ļȷˡ
ҲǽƾͼˣԪǿֻҪΪͲƿ鴮ڣȫ΢ƿصС
ʱ򣬱鴮ڵһԪҲǻعʼƿڴǷĳơ


ڶ٩ 
ڶʢ֮ʱʮӣиڶ˼򣬿νǷ޶Ժɳͥ
ֻˣҲȴΪҪ¯һɳⲻֻ뷨Ҳģʢʱڣڤɽ磬ڵİͼ
Ϊˣڲɱ֮
ʿ׺ݲб֮ͳ֮󹱵ʱڼΪͨһϣɵʿûŵУɵ󾳣һãУֻ²㡣ʵ̫Ӵ֮ڣڶ࣬Ҳмһλ
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󹱺ҰģҪ޳ɡɡԻɣ֤ɣԻˡ
ûˣУҪɳͥɳݵã
ڱˡ
ɵҲɳĶ֣Ǳ˲ѹûл֮
ڣɳʮλˣʮλɣϰˣݿһ㽫ڽ
Ҳܵش𣬲ͨԪڵ£Ӳд壬ϣպձȻ
ıƵĲù֮΢
΢ڣһлĿǣҲ󹱵Ļ뻯΢һ۾ܿı塣
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η޼£鴮ԪıͬҲԪļΣ΢ܳ
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ûһ˵ڰյУһһ㷨ӶûС
˵Ȼ΢û
΢ҵһڣڣ˳ͨѾϵ棬˿̻ûʬȴûԹѪˮʬûп񱩡
һϢ΢̧ͷԿͷһͬһĶɢ⣬΢ܸӦǽԹӣӦɹٳˡ
΢ͿʼѰңûҵ
΢룬߶ŷӶϵв̽ûҵңʬ
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΢³ûӣֻǷɵһ֮ϣ뷨ӻָơ
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ҪŪ΢⻰΢ȴֻһЦ
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΢ʲôˣǺ׵ģվԵǲöԷѪ΢ҲͰ׵ˡ
᣿ߣ΢һߣ󹱵Ԫ񵨲ľǳʱһγϰ¡
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΢ˣ͵Ҹ·һ·ھԪ񡣡
ǰǰڶ·󹱼æġ
ڶ·ǾҲɣóʲô⣬Ӷ㣬ͿԼˡ΢һ˿Ҳɵһ֪Է˼
Ȼ󹱻һ˿ңſ˵һЩûмֵĶŪܿ죬Ͳٺ˵˵˵ĻѻԷȻԿֻ˵ʵ

󹱵س΢һ㶣Ȼ֪ڵϵУһǳһɱκ޸еֶΡ˵ʵڶĵУֻµѵȴ֮ã΢֪һ仰޹һЩͶ˵õõɿԷӴá
ڻ΢ûжоԪӽڵĵҲмֻɱУ˹ǽ֮ġ
УԻþͶˣÿһЩΪĶᡰǽĻһЩ˵ķҲǴӻġ
΢󹱾ȻԻɣʵЩټ൱ټ
һʣ΢֪Լ֮ǰֱ֪ǴشúˣҲ൱ֲģͬ˵һϹŻڻɱΣͬﱻնԴȻǼٵģҲ˶
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ڵԼʬ󹱱һŲ֪ˡ
һ΢û˵ϹԷԪһֱǸ¥ĵ¾Ų㣬ԪɢԼӡȻ֪
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΢ֻǵ㻨ʮˣ˵ʲѣòţ꣬ŵұܽ㳬Խ
Ȼ΢仰ЦһȻѹţ΢ں˵˵˵󻰣ţơ
΢ҲýͣѧѧҲкôϾԣ֮ǿδرЩü󣬶ԼҲǼкô
ʱڵתȻһҹȥˡ
ʬ˿ȫһʬʧ٣΢Ҳľ͵ҩ»ָ߰˰ˣǷӶ£ʼĴѰҡ


ڶ٩ Ƿʬ
зŵİ΢ٶȼ죬ԽһƬشһɽϡ
Զһ«һϿȣҲһƬ棬óĽҪ֮ǰĵط߼ܶࡣ
΢󹱣һ͵֪ǾӢϿȣھӢӵľ
ȻǰϿ֮ڶȻﻨ㣬һڣȴͬһ㣬һ֮£ľήͬӰŷڶصĹ졣
΢Ϊڴ˴⣬϶ʿڴ˶Բӿ
Ű΢ٷϿȣܿͿʮʿں߰ͷʬս΢һ۾ͿЩʬУʬؿӡȻǷʬ΢һ˴οڣһһǷʬʮͭǷʬʮǷʬ
ⶫɱһһΪ
ڽǷʬҲֻһǷʬҲֻһڼȻǷʬȻûзŹĵ
΢һɨʮʿӦʱһģܾҹʬϴܻʿȻ򵥡
ҲУ΢̾˿˰ҹȻԸϣҲһĿԼ͡
˿ϿȵУʮʿӦԷʬҲʱһΪʬڶ࣬ãһɱʬʱٸݸԳ˶ֺô
΢һʮʿ
ԭһͨʿҲڽţ΢Ȼֻж̶һʱ䣬΢ġѾǴˣ˽΢һĵλ˿̣΢Ʒţɱڵĳ֣ʮʿͷһá
һʿ˳սţӭ΢
ִˣ˴ҵȷֵģҪɱʬѰʿȻ˵΢֪΢֮ǰٶʿķʬɱһʿһʿֶβ̡
ǱϾǴԣģҲʮʿҸΪ΢ҲӲ
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һԭµЩʿƻˣûӣ΢̫ǿҸոȻͻϮԷֶһɱǰ춼κβõǷʬⱾʹʵ
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Ҿʮһ֣ѹ΢ƴȻ˭Ҳһʱ䶼΢סˡ
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΢̫һʿ˵
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ʿŭ̵ңɸҶ
㰡ʿҲԣ˾ȻдֵļƣʿһҲǰҡͷûǷʬʣµǷʬ׶ԸһͱЩʿΪȻɢ
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±Ҳ΢û˿ǵһֻǷʬȥʱ򣬵ʱʿѾΪ˴֣һʿɱӮ˵Ǹʿãײ΢ֻǽֵķʬá
ʿȻҲĺһ֪΢Ķ֣䱻ɱ䣬óʬ
ʿ΢ûɱһֻǷʬջΪȴʿĪġ
Ϊҹ΢ѾǽӶᵽΪɵΪС󾳡
£һʺԶʿҪһҲҪ嵽ʮʱ䣬΢ӵľҲٿꡣ
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Ȼ΢ôҲ⣬Ϊʿ츳ѵ֣ʵϣЩӶΪ˽󲿷ʿ˵ٶʮ꣬һӶԻȡġ
ҹ֮Щʬֳˣ֮ǰһҹ΢ѾϰΪһ¶˽ȥΪ硣
󾳣΢˵൱ģ󾳣΢ֱӦҲһս֮΢ʤ㣬Ҳɡ


ڶ٩ 
΢ԼĵʧǷʬɱҲֻһٵȸ࣬ͭǷʬǷʬıҪߺܶˡ
˳ɾͣȫĳǿ̽һʿҪټѰҵЩʬͲס
ʵ΢Ĳ²ûۼӶΪĳɾͣҲ΢ºԶ
⣬ʥϵĺڰӣɫҲǾޱȡ
ЩʵǼӳĳɷÿһӣڵһʿʥɷڶʿϢܽмء
ʿÿӶһΪϾһ⣬˿̣ϣʢľôӡ
һϵ
ʥϵİȻвҲ֪˾ͽɹٺ̹ȻϣʵǲЩͼʿӶ˶Ϊɽ磬һ͵ֵϷʿһµġ±˾ͽɹ֮ǰԹѪ꣬Ϊͻʧһ˵˵²ʿڣ£ɳȻ׷
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¼ʮ˷ܣҲһ۾ͿϣҲʮ
ϵĺڰӣɫʿɫķʬ
˿̺ɫѾʣ಻࣬ʮûУɫҲֻвʮ֮
ҹʬҲ֪Ҳ֪ʿ棬˭˭ȴÿ˶нǱʿ
ⲻҪĶҪģ˭ӶΪ
ɫϣâʢɫϣһöϵǿѾ˴۵ĳ̶ȡ
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ȷǿ˵ֱ̫Զ˾ɱ˶ٷʬӶ˶ΪŻˣһҲµ
ĪǣǴܹ߾ŵһһԱߵĴܹ
ܹ΢΢һЦʵϣҲӦΪʵһʿӹɵĸߡ
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ҲпǾɽڵ½ǧʹܹԸһ˿̳˷
ȻҲпɽڵĳ档˵⻰֮Ȼûע⵽˵仰ʥǷһ˿м
Ҳ˹û˵͵ʮ˹вڣֻŵΣѹûʿܰεͷ
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˻Ȼ԰̺ӶʥģȻˣʥ϶ԶǳʥҪʥ
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һǴܹԭаɫһѿڶܣǻ˭
ʥĻֵҲ½ǧ
ԭһƶ½ǧûü⣬ͱԨ
½ǧĪǿɽڵĳ棿һʵ
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ˣ˭ܹ۾ʵ
ʥɨһʮ΢

΢ΪһҹƽĹȥǲԶһļƻ
Ӳ֮΢÷ɽնɱ˼ֻʬԶһҹгһɫĹţǵѶ鷳֪ͨͬŸȥԱġ΢٣⣬ΣǳɫѶǷ˹ȥ
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ȻһѷﵲǷ
Ҳǿߣؾһʿڰ֣֮Ȼĵ֣ԷһһÿƣѹΪ˴ţһ㡣
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΢𣿡ʱ֣Ҫ벻ΨһķӾ΢֡
ϣҪСʱСѩҲǵͷַᣬΪܴ̫أѾЩʣ˵
Ϣ֮Цһ̧֣׼ɱ
СºͺѩŮ̾ϢһĿȻʣҲ޻˵ʱһӰһ⣬ն
ߣһ̧зﵾͳǺ˹ȥصһ죬ĽȻǱһɳĺھʹһ£Ǵʧɫ
ΪԸԸʵɱͷǷʬͷͭǷʬΨһһǷʬҲӶΪ֮ΪǾڶʿѾ޵С
ҹǸ½ǧҲǱһˣ̾ӣҶս
ڣȻǱһɽúˣһڿѣãں龳ʿսȻǾޱȡ̧ͷһͿ΢һš
΢㣿㾹ȻͻƵˣû뵽΢ӿһɱ⣬һΣҲһ˿ɵ
ԭܼ򵥣ոӷɽϲ΢ʵҪ˵֮ǰоųʵѹ΢ôڣİѾ͵ɣ١


ڶ٩ ©
÷ɽһ½ĸֻˣȻǾޱȣ΢Ҳ˸˴ۡ
ķɽƷʱһ㣬ӲȻˣɽҲˡ˵ڿȥûʲôɷ䣬΢֪Լڳȥһѷɽ̾ͻ顣
һУ΢ջطɻǬУӿ£ַᡢСµ˻
΢һ۾ͿַһۣһץƷ֮ѹַϵķ䣬ǵ֡һ֣ڵ΢Ѿǲͬһεʿˡ
΢ƵҲƤһش󾳵ʿƽ⣬΢ȻƿԷĵ֮ߣѾԼ޼ϣԷȻҲ󾳣˵ԼһЩҲȹ̣һ࣬Ѿ֧š
ԸԸԴΪɵһвĴڣҲɵҲẦ£־塣
˵ڵ΢ºͿ־壬ɵǴﵽˣң΢⿪ǼʿȻһΧԼȻ΢֮ǣҪ΢ɱزͼھҪһЩˡ
ϣ֪ұڽڵʱͽɱ˿̺ޱȣǸʱ΢СռžԵƣڣ΢Ӷ˴Ϊ󾳣ѾջǣڵѹΪܼؾΪҪ޳أ͵Լֹǰۿ΢һһ׷ϡ
ַߺޣڣŭŤ͸һɹ׺ݡ
һǽѹס֪΢Ѿ򣬶Էɳٶ̫죬ʱ΢ǰƷ٣СС󾳵ΪԼǸʱԽɱҲ
Ƕ̶ʱڣ΢ͳƷ٣磬ΪҲ󾳣޵ĺԼһɵ
ˣ̫Σգ
΢޵Ҳɵһ㣬Ҫ΢ⲻΪҪصĹкػԵ֮ͬҵãֵƱҪּҲһˣǻŵģԵõȫ
ɱᶨʹ㶯֣ΣҪɱ΢ǸһЩۣҲҪԷɱ
΢Ҳܵɱ˿Ҳܶ㣬Ҳӣոս󾳣ʢһζηսĵĺΪҲӰ졣
΢Ҳȡ׷׼ƴ
ֶţСµ˶ǺһͣȻͬΪ󾳣΢ֵʸûС
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зɹһӰȻֻһ΢ˣһʬؿڲһɫӡ̡
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΢ͬʱһ̣˼ͬʱ߶ţ׷϶ȥɱӡʬļֵһõӶᵽΪպʱؾ
ʿҪأƽҲʮ꣬ڣֿɵãֻҪɱʬΪɡ
Ҳ˲϶Ը΢ˣ΢ҲһǵʬΪŪصġؾʱɽǷʬΪһҹء
գ֮䣬΢Ѿ׷ȥ
ʱ΢ͷҲص˦һͼæֽסͬʱ΢
֣Դͼʬ
ȴΪһߣûзﵵΧʬȻַ˻ԣ΢һͼ
΢µһ֮һƻá΢ҲǸողŷͼãչһͼΧʬǲҿ
æſͼͼһֻģ޷·һ̾Ҫӻһɢһ֮ΧԭЩ궯ʬ֮£Ȼûֻ߽Χ˻
̧ͷ΢ѾûӰ
ʿǰˣòʦǱ˵ĪҪСʿؾµһ˸ʲôʲԷ⡣
ˡ
һԵĺѩСҲǿУһ
ִ˲ӢۣСĳȣԸǸ˵ⲻ֪ѩͬĶѣȻ˶֪΢ĳɾͣ󼰣ԽԽԶ
˵˽ܣֻˣѩҲ˵͸һ˿û䡣
΢֣ԼһЩ࣬˵ķţ΢ֻĵߵԷٶϣҪռƣܿͳǰ棬׷һĨ⡣
˿ǰһƬŨգһգ۾ͶУ󣬵ȵ΢֮ѾʧȥǷʬټ
΢ûмäĿ׷ʱŷԼĸ͵̻̫Լĵٲ˵Ʒʻķš
Ҳ΢ողŷֵģų֮󣬾ͬƷٸߵģͬһ㡣
΢ķһƳģȻ΢ڵϵѾ൱ˣϾȱʱĴĵţ֣
ķţѾŨŵƷʸߣٶȻͿ졣
ǰ޴Ũ·һɵĹޣѪڵȴ롣ǰδ֪ҾǳȥҲδ׷ǴӡʬҪǣ΢ԼǶǷʬҲδѹԷһԷӮԼĻʻ
˵ʱȻһܡ
ո׷ǴǷʬЩ嶯ˣ侲һ룬΢֪ʱ׷ˣԼҲδЦ
ǰ޴ͬ籩ţһƬҲ֪жǶȻԿ
΢ûм׷
׷ǷʬոһЩͼʬʵڡ΢ͨһ㣬ȥ
һźԵһƬ¥棬΢һͷǷʬһƬʬС
ڵ΢Ȼǽȣʬ࣬ȡһ׷ȥֱףǷʬͷϡ
֮µĳΧʬײ˳ȥ΢û£ӡΪȵΧʬپ۹΢Ѿڶ
΢һž޴ΧȻвǷʬʱ֮΢ĵ׷ɱֻӡʬ֮ϲˡ
ʱ΢һŤͷһͿԶŨгһӰ
Ӱĵһۣ΢۾ˣ֮ǰŨǸǷʬҴ˿ʬܵشòֶȳԴȥ
Ž̤Ьٴȫѹ
΢ǳ˹ȥֱһ׷ȥ
ȡȵȣǷʬҲǸովһսûͻȻ΢ɳƵĺﾹȻǿԡ


ڶ٩ Ƭͼ
΢ͷһμ£ʬӦûֻ֪ɱ¾ʬ֣ʬȻǣ΢ͻȻһҹʬ֮ǰ˵ʬķʬ
Ȼˣ΢ȴûһ˿һĳɣһ׾ֱӽǷʬڵأ΢ǣʬȻûӡʬ֮ǿɼһߡ
ʬѾ˵޷֮ʱ򣬱鴮ҲͻȻֵѣҶ֡
΢û󹱣̧һʮɹƣֱӽһϢĴǷʬ
ûԥûгɣ΢û˿ˮʬģҲڡ
ȴΪ΢֪ҹζ࣬ʬ̫Ź֣һǶԷʱ䣬ǵùֻԼ
֮ԣ΢ºֻĴǷʬȫġ
΢ȡӡʼǷʬΪһ΢ɳ·ӡӿ֣ɵΪֱ֮ǰ΢ӶΪһҪࡣ
׬ˡ
΢һЩΪżڣʱĴĻֻҪҵؾ΢Ŀһҹء
˿΢ֻЦһ׷ʬŨȴû뵽ʬ䵽Լ
ӶΪ֮΢߶뿪˴

֮ǰΪҶ֣˵֪һƧ֮΢鴮󹱡
֧֧ᣬ󱻱ƵûˣŵֻǲһϤϢӦǰʶˣԲš
˵⻰ʱ΢鴮ϵûƮ֪˵ʵ飬Ҳû׷
ʬǰڵʿǰҲڵĳ֮һ֮ϤȻ
ϧ΢֪ΪӦǺǵķʬ˵ֻǳȥ֮ѯɹˡ
ɫתһյ֮ϣַ˵ĵҩɫѾ֮ǰ̫ࡣ
գһˣ᳤ַȻһֱۣܱȶǿ˰ٱ
һַҲջҲնɱ˼ͷʬӶΪлһֻͭǷʬӶΪֵʮˣ˵Ȳһֱۣܻȡߵľ磬ҲֵˣΪЩΪؾʱ䣬ǰʮꡣ
СºͺѩҲǲ࣬ҲӶ˲Ϊλȥ֮ڸԵеĵλҲٴǼûһ¶ȴΪ΢һɾͼֱԺԲơ
˿̣ΧʬɢġƻáͬһʥҹһǲܰȻָˡ
ڵ·ϻ΢ڣ΢ѾǷǹ֪֮ǰ΢ûкƽϡĲ˵΢µһΧЩʬһ㣬Ͳ֪Ҫ١һΣǿǷ΢飬΢ȣǶ
һ죬ϣҪ뿪ˡʱ˵ɫȴǴһ˿⣬Ҳһַᣬ˿ϱۣϱַ֮һҪưɡ
Ȼû˵һ뷨ǼǸŵľӢӣ˵ʵǿͬһԷԽĴɽѹԳΪ
΢ҲжѾ𣬲˵΢ŲŹҲԲܷŹ΢
Ϊˡؾ˾ֻܶһ
ֶ΢һ·߹ڣ΢Ѿ˺ıǮ΢ҪײҪһȾԼΪϣ١
ҹŨ֮кʧȥӰһֱٴҹ΢Ҳûз
ʱʣ޼ڽķʬҲҵȻʿɱ
ʱ쵽ʱڶʿѾۼڴеĻڵȴͬ飬еֱӴһѷ˳ȥ
΢ٿطŷʱ򣬲ʿ΢ɫһ䣬ʵ΢ǳ˴ͷ˲֪
˼бпɽƷ٣ͰˣƫƫΪôߣ˵˭˭Ҵʿһ붼ٹһ޵ƫƫû취ǲ΢ȥԺ󣬸ǲֻϵù
΢֮ԶԶͿַᡢ˵΢ɹҲӭȥƽʱô˵ĺѩ˿Ҳǳ΢񣬱ʾ֮
һʿҪ⡣΢첻ں
˿̽ƻáͼ˫ַ΢˹ƻͼûҪϺһ΢ԼҲҪܶΣʧܺܶβܳɹ⻭Ȼ
ֵܣˣַʱʵʧһֱۣȻǽһȫͷϣʮ㡣
ûм΢˵꣬ӦȴŤͷһȻӹ

ַᡢһӣ˿ǰʮ㣬ɨһ΢һ˲ɱѹֱͬһӿǳܲסһ亹ҡҡ׹΢ǺòΪһǿѹ´硣
ǰ΢Ǿģʱ䣬΢ɳļ졣
һ΢ƣԥһ£ûж֡
ûаա
ȴΪ׷ǷʬŨ֮гһһˣһ춼ָƣδǿк΢֣ʤϡҾа˵ɱ΢ֻҪĸʿһ£΢Դѷ뿪
棬ɹûӶˣ鷳
˼һ£֪첻ֻ֣ܶǳ΢΢֮䣬һս֪ƬͼƬͼһƬͼƬͼûһĽ죬Ųͼ롯ҾʤߵͼұȥǲͼˣҲأҲ޳ɡ
˵꣬ٲԥ߳ڡ
ԭһƬͼ΢֪ƲͼһƬԼѾƬھʱ΢Ͳ²һƬڿȻ
ˣǾͱȽ鷳ˣ΢תһ룬ҲȻˡ
һƬͼҲǺ£ΪʡԼȥˣϾҪҵһƬͼֱͬһ㡣
֪ֻҪ뷨Ӵɡ
öԸǣԼҲӣҪȻҲᶨһ֮󵽻ͼ
һʱ䣬Ȼʮ׼ԸԼ
΢Ȼ£ھ龳ʱ򣬾͸˵Ѿ󾳣˭˭˵׼ء
һʱ䣬ԼʵҲԭ̤
Ҳȥɣ΢ʱ˵뿪ڣ΢ٴ֮ǰǸƽ̨
˿̺ǰȣʿһ뻹ࡣ
֪˷ʿж٣⣬Ҳˣ˾ͽɹɫȻΪοڵ٣ܲ˵ġ


ڶ٩ һ
ڣʿ಻ᳬɣϾȻΪҲáһΣ˵ʿɣ²ý
ٲýҲҪ
˾ͽɹٴ˿һڳʿЩʿֵסɹٵĿ⣬һǽŲѡ
΢ԺҲǿһĻҲ˵ʲôֻվһԡ
ʿ֮󶼻ῴһŰ񵥣гʿսûУʮѾ֪˭ΰףһɫŹ֡ӣȸˣҲЩΣ˵ǣΰʿ΢ҲΪһ㣬Ϊ΢Ȼҹϵͣ˵Ǻڲ͡
Ȼ˻ڣС΢ˣһʼֻΪ΢һС٣һСţΪߣҲ˭֪΢ѣһˣ˴۾̾ѡ
ڣҲ֪΢ɾԹ˿΢Ҳǿ˺ܶ࣬ţλȥһҪȰ޺΢ĹϵĲ˵΢ܺͼλɹϹϵһ㣬֪΢
ȻЩ֦ĩڣص㣬صΪ
һϣ΢ܶðףõ֤
ȵһʿ߳Ǵѷ¹رգں硣
Ҫٴοڣٵʮ꣬ʮЩʿĳɾͶȻߵĿ£˳ɳʥҲǿܡ
΢һ߳ڵģ½ǧ
Щ죬⼸΢Ҳ½ǧĹŹ֣ܾãʶҶԷԼ˵ԼʩչĵϤ
Ϊʲô
΢һʱ벻ף½ǧֵҲʮһ䣬ûпԼ
˶ɨһۣ΢̾˿ûг
Ȼ΢뵽ֿܣĿء뵽ڴҴԼѵڣֳʵԼţ뵽֣һʱҲ겻ѡ
ʿɣÿ͸һϣ΢ΪˣЩ
ʵϣ˷ʮʿ˵⣬Ķʧĳһʿȫ档
Щʿ֮Ҳн飬ͬţͬȴͬ˭Ҳã˿һƬƲҵ
˾ͽɹûдЩʿп⣬Ҳã뿪ȴǵס΢
˹ʿͻæˣ֪˾ͽɹٵ΢һҶʣֻ΢һۣȻ˴߶뿪
Ƭ֮ƽ̨ϵ˾ֻʣλɹٺ΢ˡ
΢ȻʥҲ֪΢ϵ׽ʱȵ΢֪Ϊν£
΢óʥڿԼȻ΢ովĥ£ȷǴ˿ȴüΪƶ¹ΪһԹѪйϵ
ʥЦŵͷһӿɽ̵ı顣
ʱ˾ͽɹ˵ˣ΢˵û£˵Ҳ٣ɳ֮٣Բˣ£ٻָҲһ飡
һڣ˾ͽɹپ˵ӣҪֱӸ΢Ų¡΢ŭϲȴΪ˾ͽɹٲ򵥣˼Ʒɹ٣λȨأһΪԼ£ȻǣʱԼ˾ͽɹٱȻԹۡ
΢ܸˣ΢׸ƣ˵ʥʥԺҦʥϵλһΪһ㣬λҲͣвʵȨţԼһҲѡ˾ͽɹٲһλķλȨأҪɳΪ٣ֿɽҪһȻǴ粽С
β£һᡣ
˾ͽʾ£¹ٸ΢̬ŵĺܵͣǹٳ񣬹ٳں͹һҪġ
˾ͽɹټ΢ϵҲ¶֮ɫ
²򵥣ʱ䣬ԹѪҪ֪µԹնҪ磬٣ʺϲ˾ͽɹ˵꣬΢һ㶡
µȷ򵥣˾ͽɹٲ˵𣬾΢Լ֮ǰûнԹ֮뵽һ𣬿֪ҪããҵԹѪ̸ףֱǲܵ顣
΢Ҳ֪˾ͽɹٲܺԵɵ˵Щʱޣҽ½Լ˵һ㡣
˾ͽɹٵݣһֽµҲΪҪѲ°Լ
һԭ
ˣʱЩִ٣΢ʵʵ˵˵ʱ䣬ٸҲǺô顣
˾ͽɹҡͷֻʱ䡣
һ֣̹֪һЩú΢˵ǽ΢һߣСִˣ·ͬСɣ³˲ӣ÷ʿأڸ£ɳ֪ˣȻήҼҴˣ죬ɳͻ֪Щ£ڴ֮ǰ鵽һЩôҼҴ˵ҲһЩô
Щ˾ͽɹٰݺǲܺ΢˵ģλ֣̹ٺ΢λ൱Կ˵ϸһ㡣
˵ˣ¾˾ͽɹ΢æΪʱͱȥٻǾ˵ִˡˣʮĻ֪Ǹϻȥһʱ䣬Ȼ߸˻ʣЩ˻ʺ͵űȻɳ
ڳ죬ԲŻô˵
˾ͽɹٿڴ֮ǰǲûΣй
΢һ֪µҪԣȻԼ˵Ҳһᡣ
°ɣ˾ͽɹپǷԼһ飬ԼɳΪɹ٣Ҳһɽ
ǰ첻ɣҲ鷳ԺҪٽ˾ͽɹ٣ǾͲˡ
ǿ΢ԥ֣̹ٵִ˷ģ²ܳ벻ɣִ㡣
˵ˣ΢û˵ģͷӦ
ȻԹѪ΢˽һҪҵһЩֵ顣
΢ܰæã˾ͽΪǣʧһڣܻųʥ˾ͽɹ˽ãʱҲ˵
΢ͷȻѹɽ󣬵ȴҪúò顣
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ᶫ˾ͽɹʱ˵꣬һ΢ļ
һ̣΢ʶֶΣɲ֮䣬Ӱ任ǴһĴţٿ΢ԼѾ˶֮ڡ
Χ˾ͽɹٵӰԶԷΪҪԼ̫ˡ
΢ֱãȥԨ

΢ˣϢڶܿʹˣ˾Ǳ˾ţҲ˹򶨣濴ȥޱȡʱŵǰһ룬Ҫ˵ģæǰ
ģȻ΢
Ӹ֮ڻˣ֮ǰԨҪѯһ¹Թ֮飬ԨҲ֪⵹Ҳˣ΢ȴǻһجġ
ˣ


ڶһʮ ΢˽
Ϣʱ΢ţԨƭ֪µв٣߾֪Ҳ֪
ôģ
˵ǵ˲£ѲһŵʱϮʧɥ˵һ˿Ƕӳ
Ϣû⣬΢ȴǰٷְȷ⣬Ǵ⡣
Ǽ٣ҲЩԼ̹٣ҪȥѲһϣͲϹءСӶûг£ƫƫǹڵǸСӳ£ûһڣ浱΢ɵӣ
û֤ݣҲܺҲ²⣬΢ѹŭ𷵻ؼ˾ΪǱ˾ɳȥģºͼ˾Ѳϵ
ոջصͽԹѪ黹ûֳ£΢ȻǸоǰδеѹͷȦ
ص˾ĵһ£΢Ǵ֮ǰɹȥļپһѵ⣬΢ܴ󣬶ǽ벽굤Ϊȫͷųѹ˾ڣһӣ˲֪
ָ֮˾ΪԼ̹ɥ£Ǵķз
Ǳ΢ѵļ޹ٶҿϾ΢λǴΪҲҪߣֻһҧΪʱȱ֣Բùȥ֪顣
΢˸ҲΣֻ뿪
Ǽ޹뿪֮󣬻˸ɫֱ뿪һ֮ؼϡ
ұ˵΢ˣûӡ
˵û˵Ʒ˾ǱˣתԴ벻µľ֡
ҸȤǣ΢޳ǸΪôһС¾Ͷѵ⣬˲Ҳ
˵е٣±в죬ҲᷢйϾһëûëͷСӣ̫ˡ
ˣ⼸С£΢ҪŵľڣǾͺŪһЩŪУǼ٣
еǸ˾٣˾ǵĵ̡

Ǽ޹ٲ֪뿪֮΢ԭܻ˲ʧˣһȡ
ǿȻһΪ˾ٳԽҲûơ
ʮа˾žǱЩһˣСʮ꣬Ϊ飬ΣգȻͲҲŹôˡ΢룬ǾȥϮĵطеʱȥĹţҲҪ̽һ
ʱ΢ӦһӣȻݺݵڵϡ
žһһأͬʱ߽һ٣ȴǺǺЦִˣ˵ˣƣʲô㷢ôƢ
΢˿û֮ǰĳһŭδˣȴ㶣ȻǰԭǳˣһС¶ѡ
΢Ը˵ԽЦһȴǺܹĵӣļ䣬뿪
΢ҲһȻⳣԽ˾ӪͰһ㣬Щٺһ֮ѣ΢ƫƫа
ʱȣ΢ȻԹѪҪ飬ǵ÷ֳһʱȥ飬ܹҪȥһ·ء
Ŀǰڼ˾ûʲôְȻҲûв£൱ɣ΢ֱ뿪˾ȥãȻһ֮ʩչһСģȻл߳á
һ·ȥǧ΢һΣֻһģ˿̵΢һͨͨ޵ģģͨϸŪһЩ˰̣ΪѹأαװɹСӡ
΢ӣϤ΢Ҳϲ
֮Ҫô鷳Ϊ΢֪ڶ˸Լֻ̫࣬Ԩĸã΢һЩ΢װڸãȴ͵͵΢˽á
µĵطʬ롯˴»ҰһֻڵĹѻרԻǣֹѻ΢ġɽҲмأͺܴ˫ſ߳߳צƸ˵һЩϲɱѻצƹ
ʬ룬һɡš
΢ǧܿ͵ʬ롯Ув޻иߴɵĺڹľżĹѻ˵һ֮ء΢˺üΣûбϮҪ֪΢һ˶жˣͲ˵ϴιһôܻᱻɱһʣ
ڹߣﵹҲм·Щ룬ϲСĵ֮ԣνǿЦ
΢ҪҪȥǡšʱС·߹ޡ
޶һ£ͷ𲻹ĵ΢޶ЦǺǴ˸кλֵܣҲŰʦѧյİɣһǰǳͬţҲиӦ
ʦѧգ΢㶣뼱æͷûλҲǣ
Ȼ˷ſͽȻҪԣϾⶫ磬ҲǺе̵ţйʿ򡣡һЦ
΢ˣû뵽ſͽֲʬ⣬ô޳֣ԭΪԭ
ǹŵĵ̣˵ȥ̽һЩ΢װģҲǸ޳ֵܣȻһǰ
Ƭ̣ͿٹһһʼϡϡԽԽ࣬˹ŵɽ֮ѾǾۼ˲ٹޣһϰ֮
ǰŹ޸ֶһȻ֮ɫڶ޾ۼһ˺ҹŴɽţͽȶҹŰʦѧգҪѭҹŵĹأţȥץһЩԩ֮ÿһ˶Ҫץʮɽš
ԩ֮ꣿ
΢üͷһ壬ȻԩģǡνڡɽҲмأǲ絮Ĺ»ҰΪˣֻ̤أĹдԩԹģԩ֮ꡣ
Ĺ涨ۺˣɱ»ҰץɱΪֹƱҪֻأȹ»ҰĵȼҪߣҲڵؾֻ֮м¼񼫣ɱ
ˣ͸˵ЩˣҲ׼κιץ
û뵽žȻΥɷ
йҲ뵽һ㣬ѯʣԷһЦߣʲô˲ЩɢȻǲôܹǣȴܲǹţֻܷĴ󵨵ȥץ¡
˵м˾רżţǱ֪ﰡ΢һڹ޵У˵
˾ǰһ类ιˣǲܵģ˵ץٳ飬Ҳû¡ȻǲץֻҪϽһЩмֵĶͬţҪͽ𡣡
΢˾û뵽˲ץɱɷû뵽Ȼᣬ˾ˮ
ԽˣԼԽҪ˾
΢Ȼţ׼뿪ʱͻȻӹһɼΪǿҵԹ΢һ㶣ԹΪϤûǴԹѪϢ


ڶһʮһ ⷢ
΢оһԹ˲䣬еľԸӵģ΢ĳǸ˿Ҳ¶ȵı顣
ʱûע⵽΢ı飬ΪҲǱһԹһ
ԹֵĿ죬ʧҲ죬ܿʧ١
ŵĹҲһµĿһ۹ŵȻߴڶȥץеĹȥеһЩмֵıȡĻᡣ
΢Ҫ뿪ǲԹһ˲͸ı⣬΢ѾԿ϶źڵԹѪйϵȻˣô뿪
Ȼ΢Ҳ˷ʱȥץϵĺöȥˣȡһЩԻȡʸ
΢óĶǡٺⶫ֮˽缫֮صһʯ̺洦ĺʱһ֣ЧʣȹܸӰ졣
һ΢ȥҽʱ֪΢٣޹Ծ΢飬˵Ҳ˴չġ
΢кü飬һóֻһЩ߽ϣָ׸ǴСôһСٺȴǿǹŵĹӶɳˡ
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ױŵĹҲʮ̷ֹ䵤ַ˹ŵĵӷȻ󱻴档
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⼸ټæͷ˵ǣųֵȷ󷽣ҪʲôǾ͸ʲôҩԴǸҲǳ
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΢һһĹ߲ɡ


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磬Σ֮أ޶֪һȥ̾ͻᱻѨʬ˺Ƭ
еĹﲻͬ󲿷ֶΪ֪΢ġɽҲֻмٵļأ֮µ֪
ĴޣҲ׽֮ڣһǹ޾ĵѨʬ֮ʲôûУиʴʬǹΪҲܳʱ档
Ǯ˲ȷɡ
ΪԹΪڹ֮ڣ㲻ʬ̳ԣҲסʬʴûеڶ·ˡ
΢˹ȥҪ뿴ߡ׫ɽʱ΢Ҳ۲ߣ۲ĵѨʬҲֻڴûС֮̿ΧʯԴһƬƬӶѪңž˲ʣʬƣ洫ĸֹֽС
ʱ֮ͻȻѪĹ㣬ܿ죬һһԵĹԽԽ࣬ƺʲôҪ
΢ΪȻǺη壬ڵ棬ʲô΢Զһ
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΢׼뿪ˣվⲻ˻Ҫʬʱ΢ͻȻӦͣ½Ų
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΢˵赲٣ǾǺ΢ԣ˭΢Ź
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£΢ú˵˵ӦҲڳ΢ֱܲȥҳǵޣԻȴ㰴в̽

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ٷ˷ͣж˾е˾֣о£ԴųѾǲµƷ٣ϵƷƷٶС
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ܿ߳ʱǼ״Ĺ͵͵˸ɫ󣬱һϹһˣֱӱƳ˺캦ݣԩ
˵꣬һ޾Ȼǵꡣ


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Ҫ֪ޱ꣬Ȼᾪɳɹ½磬涼治ס˿ڶ˾УһλģȻɹڴ֮ڣǰ˾ļ٣ǻ콫Ƿµץʱ
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ƷǶ˾٣棬˿ɫЩѿȴӵǼ״Ҷ˾˾΢ִҲƷ٣ûȷ֮ǰǲץֻܽʡ
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ףԴڶţóһڶȥϵ΢ߣ϶ҪԲ˽̳ǸԨΣҪ쵶ն飬ǷӦ֮ǰ΢ʱ췹ǳҲûӡ

˾ڣָ΢һߺ֮ɫż޹ٸ˾ٵݣƵ׽ǲӣǺüλͬޣƵ¼Ȯ뼸λΣһ˵΢
ڳ˾һ΢ִˣԿʵҪ֪ץѾƹţǸ񼫡
΢ûʲô飬ǼָԼԭ΢һʶҲ˵Ǹܸ棬ݺԼ
˵˱꣬ɹ٣̿ǹġ
˵ֶԸԼǿ൱˲ã˭
΢лɵˣǾǼ˾ˣΪλᶯ˴ԸԼûе
ǣ֪Լ֤ݡ

΢뵽éٿһԼȹ鱻˲ˣ΢벻ɡ
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΢һ񣬱ϾƷ٣Ҫһŵ⼸˸ң֤ݣ
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΢һ۶Էǿ֪λɹٴγƺ
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΢˵ʲôٺʱʯ˹΢һ˵¾Щջһŭ
˲˰ƣ֤ݣұ֤⵶֤ݣ֤֤Ҳɡ΢˵


ڶһʮ նɱ굤
˹΢ĽƱҪ˵ˣƤӣɹ٣Ǳ΢ǲ̫Զ˵ˣǰĴСٹȫϼһȲ΢Ƥӣ˵죬Ǿһɱ˲Ѫĵ
ϢŭȻ˵Һ˵˵ҲҪ˵⼸ܸҵǺ˵˵ƾƬ֮ʣһЩĪеν֤ҪҶǻƣɹ٣һǷǶֲɣ
΢˵꣬Ҳ˹ʲô飬΢ѹ¶Է˹Ȼɹ٣ҲǾƷԼƷͬûбҪǨͶԷֳŶ˾ˣ˵أ
һͷ֪һþ鷳ʱվԵһ˾ٵΣǶ˾Ȼˮʯʿ״ȴʵִˣûԩλ˱ԩûв֮ǰǻزȥˣίڶ˾
һҲ˿һԼ£⣬һʿ꣬ɹٶ죬һ΢б߶Ҫ˵жۣǺô飬ҪССģˮʯסĿǰõķӣһ£ֻҪһʱ䣬аղࡣ
ִˣ˷Ͼ¹شҲӦǣǾڶ˾ˣ£סʱ˵¾м
΢ҲΪ棬Ͼһʱ֮Ҳ˵Ե˵ͷǼȥ
˿ٽ߶Ｘɫһ䣬æת뿪Ҫȥ
ߣǹٹ໤Ǽԭһ˾ϡ࣬һת嵽ɹ˹ǰصɹٴүΪҵȹ»Ұԩ
˵꣬ͷ
˹˳ԽίУȻԽҲܽȫ̼ƻֻ˹˾ʩѹ˿̣޹˹һүĸоҲðһɡȻټ΢֮ǰײʮŭǳŶ˾ļٺǿĺ£Ī΢λȨأҶãʱܽ˵΢ɽѺܸÿ԰ɣһηӣǿ
˹Ͼɹ٣ôһʩѹǼ˾ЩΪѣһٵǶ˾ǰҲнɷѺεΥأǾȰش˵˼ִѺκ룬ִҲǵѴ
һȻЩԥʱҲ˵ʲôﻹһͷǾʿԩʮа˾ȷ£΢ҪùˣȻˣȽҲûʲôһҲǰذ£ºҲ΢׷
΢ڰ·ͱһɱڵסΡ
֮ǰｨ齫΢ѺεǸ˾뿪֮󣬱ƵһƫƧСѾһӰ
ˣ
Ѿ΢Ѻ͹Σ
ã°ˣٲ˴ĺô
ǳŵõĿΪĵҩأ
ģʱһϣ
˵꣬뿪Сͷȥ

֮ڣ΢üͷ΢壬û뵽ԼȻΣȻĳ̶ֳ˵ҲǺϺأϾԼδΪ˱鷳ѺҲ֮УϲΣȴǴ˿Լڵ²Ρ
η㣬ϲȻҪúֻܶ࣬Ѻ֮ѺĶʱ²ζǹѺطĵطﳣޱȣѺ棬ܶһоǼʮϰ꣬һӣٲעͷ֪²УŶٹ
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ͷţͷ߰˳ߣģ׶񣬴ʼһԲ΢Ҳ𣬽΢б뿪
ͷһĹ𡯣ʵһѣ⣬ƣĻ겻𣬿ϸֻ΢ҲܴϸоΣ֮
²㰵գûһƬڰ֮Ļиֻ
ʱͻ
ڰη֮ڣһѾη֮ڵĺӰ˿Ȼ΢ʩչ΢
΢ۣڽηʱע⵽ŵӰв˿̧һɨһǿײ˹ȥ
ǻ羢һ磬һͷŭĹţɨɳȥҲƻֵ
΢һɨ֮£ͬʮ磬ǹӰոշųԩͱ紵ɢ
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Ȼǻ굤󾳵Ĺޡ
ӰЦһٴηųһŹӰ΢ЩӰȻרƳģһīжѸ٣צΪڶ࣬˲ͽηռΪռޣ΢ܵĵطûС
߼ǾΧηĹ˿̸ηһһҰףǰɫëĻ́ͷһۣȻֵͷȥȥעȴΪ˫Ϊ̫࣬˲֪ڵǸӰǹ굤󾳵ĸ֣һչؽģ굤СȻһܿͻҽѶ
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ģŹңҸ˭Ҫɱ㣡
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ڰ̧ͷȥһĲţİëŵֱ˵ʵƽʱֻŻˣΣŻˡھӵΪ˭ֶҲ൱û뵽棬ͱĸնɱ
ֲǣȻԷõûпʲôΪ
һǹ֣һǣаʱͻȻĹȻԼʱŵĻ겻壬æͷ֮ӡ
ΧŵԭֵĹҲǴҳڱطɱ˲գ۵ĶҲ»ɢ׽굤󾳸ɱǵġ
նɱǹȻ΢ӶԷͻȻɱֶԸԼ΢ŪˣһĲ߻ľ֡
Щ״ĹδҪӮԼǵĿʵö˾ԼΡ
ͷȻѾѾͨԭӦýԼϲ㣬ȴֱӴ²Ρ
רŵԼɱ֡
Ǹ굤󾳵ĹޣĻȻΪƾ굤󾳵Ĺ޿ɱԼֻҪԼһһ鶼Խ
ϧǵ̴ˡ


ڶһʮ ΢û
ֵЩ̫˽΢С
һıƶֲʵ
΢һԿͳԿֻ֪٣עʵһ΢ļΪ̿ࡣ
һݿ̿õ˻ر
ոնɱǻ굤󾳵΢ո˿΢Լû뵽˺ãֱɱΣҼ޼᲻ݣǹҲзףɵֵѰǱ˿ƿնɱ˿΢צҪ
ǼһǸҼһ΢ƯڿУԲ˿еޱȣ굤󾳸ֶɱҪǣ˿ҲԴ߶Ըɵʿ΢һֱȱһɱ˷ڵȫѹ
ЩĻΪʮþȵɱﵱ΢ɱ΢Ǻ뿴֪µЩ˵
ֵһҲûбҪˡ΢ٷְȷǼ˾ǰ˸ģԭ΢ѾǵţֻȴԷΪǿˣ΢Ϊһ벽굤Ǳɡ
΢ٲһ飬ڿòţҲûʱˣ˵΢˲֤ݣԼģǮ깴ŷǮ涨ȻͬֻҪץסǮ꣬й⣬й֤ݣ˵ϵԽµ˾ľƷ٣ǣĶӲˣֻϧûʱ̽һıɡ
ʱ䣬΢ҲѾˣ˾ͽɹ˵ʱϾҪȥʱ˾ͽɹٻԼԨ΢ѹԼȥ
ʱԼ֮գǰ̰֮ʱ
ҹŻڵԹѪйҲӦÿԺ˾ͽɹٽˡ
뵽΢ɴϯضʼżﰲ磬ʱܣǲܽԼһֱ˵Ԩ򲻴Ӧ˾ͽɹҲβܡ
΢гڣѾǷӿ
˾Ʒ΢ץѾֵǽ֪侮ʯ΢ģҲ˵˾ԩ˵ġ΢̫٣˼ʣ΢ҪһЩ˵Ȼ˷֮£Ȼ˾ץĵ˵΢⣬Ӧץ
ߺɷͷжûҵԨ򣬾˵ǰ죬ղŻùߺɼתƫƫһ취ûС
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ʱȥ˵ڶգĳһһλɹٴӽ˳˾ͽɹٵ̹٣֣ˡ
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ŵȻ֪ǰλ˭ԷϵȴǼٵģȻҵ̾λִˡ
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νһپ٣һپ١
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˾ãǱٱһˣ֣ǻһʧǰź󣬺١
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֪Է֮Ƥһôˣô΢Ϲϵˣ֮ǰ黹ûˣһ
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ܿһƱԱͬζȥҵͷͷһҪ΢֧֧ᣬϲûҵ΢֣˺Ǻεһ¾Ϳ⣬һʣͷҲСͨһ¹¿ͷǲ֪΢ȻǱص²Ρ
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Ұץ̱ƹ˭ִ˹²εġ淢ŭָͷ˵
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֣û˵ȴһ˿ЦǰһĻĴǣȻҲ⣬ҪԸ΢
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ڶţϢаʱѩǰûֻڷոڣСºʦ΢īɽڣ۵ַЦף
ͯʥ𾪣΢ԼҲЩţ΢εϸһĥ֪£ԼǱʥǹʹˡ
ʥԺҲж΢ҡͷ£ʥǷһ飬ãҲƽϡ
΢֪ԼƽϣҲʸ񰡡


ڶһʮ ִƼ˾
ٴķ粨Ҳзƽ˾һ죬Ͷٳϵľ޴𣬻ʥԺɳһССľƷѲι˹Ϊ˽˹λ飬ʵƲκηˡ
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ҲϾڼ˾ųɵٶץ˹Σ΢ھǼ˾ƷߵĹԱʣȾ٣ͳ΢ұۣ滹ֻˣȴҪάּ˾ת˵æǻڵء
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ҷĺˣִɵˣֻҪǲúã٣
¼˶ǵͷͬһӹɣ΢ǿΪߣȴǺܽ飬һΣлᣬ϶չԼˡ
ʵϣ΢ȷˡ
˾ڣ΢ǰϰŵĹԱƼ΢Ѿд˲֡
Уֵ˵֡
ԼˣЯʱ΢Բ˼ʲôдЩֲһܶˣǱ߾ûԼˡ
ϾԨһֱִƸã΢ļƻ꣬ԨĹλ϶ҪΪ΢ڡ
Ԩ뿪ãǾҪԼˣ΢뷨ֺֻ͹˾
ɺܼ򵥣Ϊ֮ӣǶһĴţ˾Ȼţ˾Ժð£΢ֵĹλӰƷƷ١


ڶһʮ 
߰ο͹΢ãոƷٲһ£٣ʱԼ̹٣Ѿ˼ľƷΣΪƷ
ʵϴϣ΢뵽һӣٵƿضţ˾ת
΢֪˾ƿضţҪ֪缫ʮŴССϰ٣ֲڲͬ򣬼˾ʮٿƲ٣ѹá
Ҵγ٣ôƿЩɣ
΢ӣȻһ˾Ҫá
˼Ƭ̣΢뵽һӣ΢ʣд˼˾ĸĸʩȻдǧ֡
д֮΢¿˿ĵ˵ͷⷨʩУȻԶԼ˾췭ظı仯˷ҪУѶȺܴܻᴥ˵档΢֪ƾԼûӰ£ԣȥ
ȻԼ٣µȻҪ΢͸ϵ
΢Ķ΢Ҳڶ棬ʾ¡
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ǣ΢ͷ
Ҫ˾ĹģҪ˾Ҫٶʮְ֪⼸ǲܵģλģҪһ죬㾹һҪʮ࣬ʵ
΢ͷʮֻҴʮҪƷλȻԭ˾ĹְĸƷ٣ΪİƷ٣ҲңҴ˷ĸصڶԹԱηܳɣ˾ְ֮˭ֻǸѥɦ޷ѿЩš
Ҳò˵ͷ΢˵ģѾдֽϣ˵Եɣ֮дװס
򶼾ô˷ҿС
˵ͷã£ұһΣԻȥ޴ٳɴ£΢Ҫ֪Աκƶǧи£Ҫ£ҪеʧܵΣ㰲ȣִƼ˾й޹Ȼ⡣Ҫ£㲻֪ж۾ᶢ㣬ɼ֪㶼ˣ
ɷпΪпɲΪ£΢ģ΢ᶨ̬ȡ
֪΢ѾҲûȰʵϣ΢˼ĸҲǺ֧֣Ҿôܳɣ˾Ȼµò
Ҳûе飬΢ֱȥ޴¡
΢Ƿؼ˾ùߺȱ֣м¸ʲôҪ
ҹߺֵĹλѾͷ⣬΢Żǰ
֮ڣ΢ٻߺֶǼѣߵãһֱ΢ǰֲͬһʼλ΢֮ϣ΢ϰƷѲι١
˿΢ԼȥҲǻûʧԼһ룬΢̬ȣѰաΪǰӣڣ׾̸һΣҲ˵΢ˡ
ʱּǵô˵ġ
΢˵ǰ;ΪĹλо΢Ǩ֮·󣬱֪˶÷ִ磬֪ˣмǿϽĺͽ̬ɴߣЩȱһɣ΢Ȼ㵽ֻܽãɵΪ΢ĳɾͣҶ󲻵
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˾ʱ΢ѾȺʱǰ΢ҲǲĨǣֱӱԼ˼
λ˾飬Ҳ֮ʣԸԸ˾ң
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ʮŹϽܱߵСţһ֮˼˾ĹԱֻˣϹĴСɡ˵ˣ΢ļ˾ϽĲʮ٣ЩСţЩٹϽ΢ὫȨȫ·ţ֮ǰ˾ĸµΪ
һ㣬΢㹻ŵġ
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˶Ħȭƣ֣޲̷ڣȥ̽Ϣ
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ڣֽ֪Ʒ٣Ƭ̣޿κεЦλִ˲𰡣һλһΪ£еˣֶθޱȣˣΪ˳֣ΣңĹͣվһˡ
ʱڣһչصĶ֮ڣͻȻһɳƣ¶Ϊ֮һ۾һˣ


ڶٶʮ ս
æµ㲻ʱšͬ΢˾ҪԪķչҲҪò׵Ŀʱ⣬жȹһʱ䣬Ȼôȥˡ
ˣͬʱУܸɺһͲˣ΢ȴ㵽֮£΢˿Щ޵ʿȴΪ΢ľ챦΢ľļ졣
Ϊ΢Ѿ̤굤Сֻ굤֮ҪȴǼѣϾ굤֮󣬱ǹ֮󣬾ǹ󣬱ǹˡ
˵굤СѾǼΪ
ɵΪ΢ֻṇ̀еΪѹ֮ڣӶĴΪֻȵõصġؾһҹ֮䲽ؾ硣
ԪԽ׳󣬶ŵͷȻǸǵģؽ֮ڣԪǵһţҲ˲Ѱʵǰʦ
Ҫչһ̣ǵŵĹʹǷ񶥼⣬һ㴿Ԫûʲô⣬ԪӴµĹһûʺǱѵĵӣʱ䴿ԪҲ˲ٵӣв׿Խ֮ǿϾһҪչٲҪǮƣɽţʳÿĻһ֣һϣԪһֱǶ̰壬΢鷳ұ˳ǣǮǮȡܹ֮ҩʳɽᣬôԪȱǮ֮ࡣ
΢Ҫľ˾ϡ
Ϊ٣ܶ鶼Ҫ΢ţ˰̹٣Ҳ΢ŵһЩҪְλϣŸɳһЩ֮΢ҪƷҲоˡ
֮ǰ΢߾ͶһŮ޻Ů޻֪һЩΪٶŮ޵Ϊ֪ģֻŮò˪ֱһ΢Ѳһʱ·ϮʱͻȻðʮΪĹޣΪߵľȻǻ굤󾳣ɾȻǱŮһȫ
±˲֪ŮֶΡ
ʱϮ΢ĹޣĿʮȷǾҪɱ΢ּݣһɱУʱΧ΢һЩֵס˲أ΢ǰŮްγ彣ֱɱȥЩ̿͹޾
һ֪Щǵŵ˭֪ź΢йأЩŹ޾ʹɱ΢йͷ֮ޣͷȴǹһ
½ûи΢κˣ෴΢˵࣬˼ߵĻɫ㣬Ϊߣһ֮Ȼɱʮɱ֣ʵֱǺš
ֱ˿̣΢͵λѾǴﵽ˶㡣
һЩƷټ΢Ҳʮֿ
΢ߵĹŮȻǰūа΢֪֮󣬱㲻ٳΪū
֮ǰƹضΪȥ꣬ȪڿޣʼߣʻߵǰޣûһµĿ๦ƺʲôģʲôԭ΢ֺ֪˵ȴǵһԼ
ĵ֮ڣǱԲԼ뿪ΪԼ˼ĴۣĻԵҲǺܴ󣬱Ͼô׿ԽʱҲϾ޾еţҪҲҪʮꡣ
ڵڶʱзֵص׵һϹŹɵĶǶ˼ĺôˣ
˵ʵλֻص΢ߵʱ򣬰΢ҲŵùǺ΢ԼĹΪٶѾ˼̶̼ʱ䣬ǻ굤С΢ϲֻԼԵҲһС
ͬͬ
СӢۺܣ
΢Ҳ԰ĵطǾǼ˾ǰѾʵţΪ󰸶ȫûţ΢ﲻһʱ䣬ѾǻȻһ¡
΢ִеʮֳף΢Ҫ󣬴ӶѡǰʮţȻߴΪ٣ǷֱϽĹš
һγһϵ˾ԶŵӰ˼㣬ټĵ͹ĵı׫Ǽǿֹܿأ˵˾ѾȨƺӰš
нٹţϽʮʿӰ˭ܼ
Ȼ˶֪΢һҪ˶ãλִ˾ֻˡ
΢ӴԪϣ˾Ϳʼϳʵ±һԣūҲǰźţĥ衣
ʵûʲô飬㻹ڣ΢æµİȰһ䡣
ҡͷӣūΪӹͣǹӽūӰĻнȳǹӽ̰ū֮ҲǹӣūܽūһжǹͣȻҪ̷ңڹߣūԸڹߡ
΢̾ҲԣҲûʲô˼ԵʶҲ
΢ҲȰҰΪѾ΢ǵһƿϾΪ̫죬дԵҲһ˳ԼҲɢɢģΪҲ洦
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΢ÿ첻֪ҪٹޣȻû⣬ֱ˽ְվ΢࣬۾ˡ
˴һµۣͨʮ£һȥͬһѰޣ΢һ¾Ϳһܡ
νܣ
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ֹαװǿһʿߣ΢Ҳۣһ۾Ϳ⡣
Ȼˣ΢˿壬Ϊ˾һʱ䣬֪˶ٺ͹ţҪɱ΢΢ѾǼֲ֡Է΢аҲ£ǰͷҲȪ󾳶ѡ
˭ģҸϢʱ˵Ȼûл˵ˡ΢ֻǿ˶ԷһۣµͷϵĲᣬͬʱһԵİѾʼʱˣ΢˵ϢǾϢ಻٣ʱһ̾ɱԷ
ǹɭȻһЦ޾ɫҼҵӲҸ΢Сս飬ĪһԼ³һŲͼͼǲȥҼҵӱ˵ĸͼԶ޳ء
˵ˣ΢ͷҲ̧ʵ
˵ˣܸ˵꣬΢͵ɱ
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ȥǹʿҪȥ˽磬Ըɵʿ֮¶ﲻæ΢
ҲҪȥ֣Ŀ͸żᶨ
οأ΢̾˿


ڶٶʮһ ҹħͼ
΢֪Ҫʹһ֮սȻͽԼٵݣ˵ı˸
ܶ˶ֻ֪Ǵܹһ߾ŵĵӡ
Ϊӣ
߾ŵһմӣ֮µһˣ߾ŵ೤ϵĵλ
ݴ֮ʱнһǰȥϲ׿Խ壬˵ֻҪɵͱȻɵʡ
Ҳ̤ɵ֮գ޵ľһɵŵģȻԲ
Ϊϣǿӹɣֻ֪ҲǷǳǿ䲻֪ʲôֶΣȻոΪЧطʹܹϵУɳУƺҲĿɽ
΢˵ʥԺͯʥ֮ԵԼӰӣһ˵ŵķʿȻӰ쵽ɳʥԺһλʥֵ˼ġ
д˵ɳ΢пܣԴһʼ΢ûС
һʱ΢ɵΪҲѾ۷壬ڵʱǿ˿Ǻ΢Ѿаսܡк֣԰Ҫţ΢ǴӦˡ
һΪﵽĸָ棬鷳ҲԮ֣ڹ¾ս
ˣ΢ûӴȥʵΪ϶ﲻ΢ʲôæҴ˷ᡮؾҲص飬֪ԽԽá
γ˰λָţ΢ԼҲҪ׼һֱ΢ûгֵĹڣ΢ֻƷͨķɽ΢˿һʱ䣬΢ÿѾƷļ
һѷķﵣ΢֮ǰһֱû֮Կķ˿΢ԼĹѾ
˷ֻ΢кܴսܣ΢ɲ˵سŵԻҪ׼
΢һɱﵣΪѾͬɵĿˣзӿԷӳã΢㲻ˣ
΢׫ɽʱ˵һޡ
޽ҹħֻҹɫгûഫһֳ֧ޣ˵ҹħ˻Уɫڰͬһ㣬ӵת֮ܡȻŵĳɷ־Ӷ࣬תƣ飬һЩɶҲȫǶ׫ҹħȻ޷תǬȴյֶΣҹħ֮ػһֺƣڵҹ
ǹ֣Ҳ޷˶ҹħڵգɳɣ΢ҲʩչԼĹΪ
ġҹħҲԲ׽΢Ĳ֪ٵ伮֪ҹħ󣬱Աī֮ʦƳһҹħͼ
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صԪ΢ֱ鷿պīʼҹħͼ峿磬΢ʮţڵڶʮʱ伮صҹħͼɡ
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΢д󶨣ҹħͼԼռƣɵǹҲʩչ
ԪӴ˿ҲǱͻȻҹ󾪶ٵӸǳֽݶԪҲ硣
˿̣΢Ѿ壬ҹħͼװպá
ͼգɢ̿֡
ʦ⾿ô£ĪʲôҴԪΧҰһʾȨ
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ɵǰٵ֮սȴǼͨˣһ⣬նɱͨˡ
ӹ֮֮٣΢ҲڴˣԲԪȴвٵΪߵˣһȨһ
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ȴȨ֪΢ҲڴԪȻ΢˶ûκηӦ˵ûʲô˵ģҪôҪôִԼĵģ֣Ҫġ
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˽£ȨǽСʦģȴΪ΢ʦ棬Сʦ嵱Ȼ
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˶٣ȨֵȻиõǳɾ;ڴˡ
ƻ裬ȨԼԪи߲㣬΢ȥ
˷΢Ҫȥͼ֮ǰȻҪһȻΪ˲ģ΢ֻ˵в£Ҫһʱգ£һ±ɻ
ȨȻŲɣС΢ȴǿ΢϶£Ҳִ֪ȥҲֻϺȣҲûж˵ѾҪɽһѰͻƵ
ɽ֮Ҳ˵΢˾ʹԪ齻֮󣬱̣Ű롣

ʮ˹İͼҲ˽缫ΪһƬ򣬴˴Сڶ࣬зʿҲߣʿУȴΪڣɳϽҲֲܡ
УĸߴƤУĿصʿߵһǰ
ӣѾѰ£ȴκζԵĵطǲڴ˴һͷǣ߰˳ߣΪ״ȴǿԿԣΪѾؾɵʿ


ڶٶʮ ˵
޶ǰ˼Ϊֱͬū͡
ǵ˿üͷһ壬һɫУа˰ūʱ侹Ȼʲôûҵ
ŭеŵĿͷϢŭʵǻ̫󣬶˴ȷҲκ֮⣬ＸеĶǶҹҲû˿ջ˶Ȼмǿ󷨣ҳŶԡ
꣬ͷȻ˶Ȼмǿַ̫ҵҪͼ֪λáУЩūңټʿ𣿡
мæյӵķԸҽ˽߽޶ˣǵش󾳵ľɱ֣Ǵĸ֣ͬ龳ʿ
ͷǵȺҪԸһȥ̽
ǣҪԸˣ޻أƨһ˵
ǣȴһм֮ɫǻ˵Ķ֣ô˵ǺͱһɵɱֻбӣȥɣϢ̻ر
񣬼æ£ʱֻʣһվ·֮ϡ
ڴ˿̣ƾճһӰӰƽֻܿڣΰ٣͸ͬӰ
Ӱȴʮֹ
ɸдžη
ӰǺһЦؾǷͬСɣҲɵҪһһҪõֻ㽫ܰݺΪʦ㲻֪⺣ɽ˸ǵɣҲֻҲܽú˵ƣȥơ
̵ɸģʿУһΪе޼˷ؾȻõ
м԰˵һʿںؾд£Ӱʵͷһȴǻ벻ôһˣ˲Ϊ塣
ҽģʨӲȫ˵˷ϵش󣬿Ҿ֪˺ܲ򵥣һ١Ӱдһ˿
Щ֣̿Щ
ɸӦǵϣ˷ұ޻ء
Ӱ֪Ƣ֪㵽ֹûռݾƣϾ˿̵ʵټƵǬﵣҪɱ󾳵ʿҲ練ơ
Ǻã㣬ɶƽٳɣɽ븸žۡӰ˵꣬ɢ١

΢ûззֻǲٿطŷУڹȥһƳһţٶȱ֮ǰࡣ
΢ż·³һʮ죬΢㹻ʱ·
˸·΢ÿǳضҪͣϢҵصĲ伮΢İ֮һͬдֻһ㣬΢飬ȴΪ˲ҹںƵλʿ
΢˼ķʽͱ˲һ˵ֱһ㣬ЩУ΢äĿİ˵·нͬ˺˵һطȥһط·ֻһֻаһ·ķģܵĿĵء
ˣ϶ᰴַʽ΢ᣬϲµķ
Ϊˣ΢ΪŻչô죬ϲԼķʽ£ͶԼ˾
Ϊˡؾ΢ͲűҵŲͼܵõ
µ·ֻһ΢ԡ
ȥʱ΢ѰҹںƵ˵ϢΪͼؾǺƵƵߵģɵ
΢ã˴ޣܲ¶˲Ҳ¼ֻƬ
ʵ΢⼸вջ΢ұ֤Ƶ˵ˣԼϤˡ
Ƶ˲Ƕ׫ȷˣȴǼΪԶ΢֪ǧǰǸ֮ǰʿ
λ޵¼࣬΢Ѱص伮ȴҲҵ࣬ԵĴ˵Ӷ࣬Ҫ˿ҵõס΢ĵǺƵ޵֮ǰĸطˣ̤ɵɵ룬Ƶв򣬻ָ㣿ûʦţĸţûûд˵ӣ
֮ҪЩΪ΢ڼ֮ǰһֿܣ⺣Ʋͼпֻ۷Ϊ΢ȥҲ벻׺ƵǳںĿҪ²ͼķݲͼ˻Ĵлǲ룿
ֲ²΢ûкκ˵Ϊ΢֪ҪɵģĪǾֻһ
΢ţԸ˵
ڶĵĴĦϣˣ΢Ҳһϵġ
΢ʣкܶ⿪ˣҲһЩ޽⣬΢ֻҪһҵĲݣĸֵ伮ҪһЩҰʷ̸ǵصĴ˵
޵ĺô֮һǼˣ΢йĿı졣
΢ջ·һƫƧĿصڣ΢һʽƾɵĵ伮ϣҵһҪ
ʱʮδ֮ʱΧŴ򡯣ŴΧһҹӳǳԽСǺ
˿΢ȴǵ֮ǰƺʵһ׹ʫһǡŴǺң¡
ʫĺһ㣬ûֻһЩмأһƵ֮ڣ΢ȴǼסˣʱǺ⣬Ǵ˿̿ǰͽйŴ򣬶ΧһǺʱ΢һ
ش֣ʵ˱
΢ɳ·Ҳе·֮أأǧǻ롣
֮΢
С뺷˴ʿȴǲ࣬ϾƫƧʿһ㲻ˣﶼǷˡ
΢һ£Χûк˺üߣ΢֪ΧĺǰѾɿʧˡ
΢Ϊǰæʱһ˵ˡ
صؽкܶ࣬ƹݲ磬ԾƺȲ飬ǵϲ顣
΢Ҳģһ磬˵˵˵һ֮΢֪Լش֡
˵˵ĶǵѾõĴ˵£һ˵һˣպ΢֪Ƶǻ
Ȼ˵˲֪ǺƵˣֻǽǧĹ˵Ȼһһ´ˡ΢ȴºҵ˵ˣʮöҽĹȫһ顣
΢ŷӶֱʮɽΪ˵˵ĹУһǻһӣǵӺɽһš
ʮ΢Ƭ̼ȴ΢οǣǸŻڣȴǻıǰĴԪҪҡ
ŽšŰֻ߰˼ᣬƾɣ΢һɨ֪ŵвʿΪߵľȻֻǾСһģһĶû롣
΢ΪҪʲôʿƬ֮΢зӶѾһ
⹦ƣȻǡؾ


ڶٶʮ 
֮󣬻Χ΢һ֮ϣɫɻ
֮ǰ΢ȡһؾ΢ͨһ飬Կ϶⹦Ȼء
Ҳ˵ⲻؾ΢˼⣬ŴʦǺƵ˵ĴˣԼõӦþؾ
⼸΢Ҳһ£ȴǿ϶⹦޷أƺȱһЩһɫأһɫرز̫֮࣬£΢ֻܼ롣Ⲣ˵΢֮ǰŬ׷ˣ΢ãԼҵһͬġؾȻҲǳԺƵˣΪʲô޷أ϶ʲôطЩ롣
ɻҷ£΢ȡŲͼϸоŲͼ΢Ѿ飬ȷͼʾһص㡣
ǺƵµĶ
ֻϧŲͼԳֳͼľص㣬ֻ汻˼ӳĳֽƣֻмŲֳҲ˵޷⡣
Ȼˣ΢Բ˷ʱ䣬Ÿϵ롣
ڹ֮Ҳһվ֮ɽ͵֣ÿһɽ嶼շ룬һЩط˸޷̤㣬Ҳֻʿܵ
ڴ˿̣΢жͷһȴ͸Ҷ߹ߴӰж
ⲻˣͷ塣
΢ƽʱҲǼټޣһμΧϾԭ弫ٳûֻຮ֮زŻ֡
΢Ȼ٣Ⱥ飬Ҳ˽⡣
˲ͬѪǿᣬͨ壬ҪһߺʿбףȻսǿᣬѿдϻ֮û༼գͬҰһ㣬ֻ£Լ׿ƣΪūȻ嵱Ҳ֮ǳɴߣӵдܡ
ʿԺ˱ȼ磬ˣ类ɳˣȻһԭ֪΢ȴ֪һЩǾп˵ޣɲɳɵĶ֣֮ŻһɳԿȴΪз
˵ɷĽǶ
漰ϲ΢ڵļΪ޷У΢Ҳֻѡ
ٿǼٴжһȴǱһ¨澹Ȼмĺͯ
΢̲³ЩҪʲôǽɽֵƬ̣͵һϿ֮ΧǸߴɵշ壬Ͽ֮ڣѾмͷ׳
һͬϾȻļУֳһѾֳìⳤìֱ۴ϸһɳ̣Ҳĸߴ󣬱Ҫ߳һͷ
Ǽ·æ¨Ǹߴ񣬶ǿԣУξˣҵȱϮʮɽ°⼸庢ͯڴˣ
ã𣬽ͼ޸ϣ⼸ɽѰ͵ˣձúóԺһУξЦ˵꣬ΧڶǼæӦȻ
΢ɱ
ͬҰޣȻûԼԣѧҲ֮ǾȻǴ㽫庢ͯʳ΢̵ס
ɷ֮½ԲΥģ΢ʥˣҲĺˣҪ̳Լĺͯ΢ҲԲӲܡ
Щ΢ۿǸУξЩ֮⣬Ҳķʿ൱
뵽Ȩϵ޶꣬޵Щ״ﵽƵľ磬΢;Щ΢УȴǺǸУξҲСƵΪ΢кξ壿
ոУξԣڴѾ£Ѱ΢϶ЩȻҲΪˡؾ
ЩѾˮտ΢ٲɣһƣ㽫һ򷭣ǽһ̵Ŀˮ䱬ˮĽһȺ̵ֱС
ʱ΢Ѿװźͯ¨ץ˦ֶ֮һɽ֮ϣΪ£溢ͯ˿δˡ
СӣȻһĺ£Уξ״ŭǶгìֱ̹
ٶȼ죬ݣһʿѾؾҲԻᱻһì̴塣
΢зʩչŲǷһƣͽشٽì˳ȥ
УξҲǴһη壬̧ͷһצǣһצУִͬУֱ
ʿ÷Ǹϲԭʼɱ¾ɱˣ˵Уξ˫צѾƷ£һЩʿƵķɽҪ
צδ΢ѾоһϢӿ
˵΢Ϊߣֻɵ͹еѪǿ̶ȣȴǲУξԸ䣬ҲסּޣҲΪˣһ㷲ʿޣᱻԷѹģռ˿ƣ΢˿̾ȻҲǸоһͣȻǱУξǿޱȵѪЩ
΢һκʿȫͬͬһֶսһ㣬Բ񣬾ͿɥȪ
΢Ӧ죬̧һ˦ͽ˿˦һ̣Уξצھ΢ߵľӲĸͣ
УξȻԣ֪ʲôԼ΢֪˿״Уξצӵ¡
һ̣΢һ˿ٱ仯ͼʮУξڿбһѪǱ˿гʮΣʬ
һŵľɢӣ΢ĶԸǴ߶˿ʮɱֻһڡ
˿ΪЩеĴУҲͬն˿ķ΢ҪɱЩԲɡ
һսҲ΢޵ĵһսȻУξ΢һɱ΢ȴǴ⣬Ժ޿Լʮ֮ڡʵٶȺ̫óⲫԼǡǷȱһ㣬һ¾һ䣬ҲԿԷצ
ո΢ͳһУξԾḻԼ̾˿΢ոնȻҪԴ
СһЩЩ޹Χ֮ʩչǺ׾ܽɱ
ԣ΢һս˽ܶࡣ
ߵǸרµĻǰ΢ָһ˿ͲѾŵա
ү̰ģҲʡ΢ƹˣһʣ΢ʵ֮ǰĲ²⡣
Щ޹ȻģĿľѰҺƵ˵ġ


ڶٶʮ 
Ȼǧ޵ʱ΢ҲǳһµԼԶԶ磬벻ȻֶΡ
ҺԼ֪ǽǧΧԼԼʤ㣿
ҲƻˣȻ֮ǰѰңûҵ
λӣ֪Ҷ˵ˣһ֮ǰǵһӵģ΢רѯʣҲ֪Է̰ʱش
ֳ˵壬΢ûκκøУҲûĹɱӿ֣Ҳ൱飬һԣģֻҪСһСԸΪΪūΪͣСʲôС
΢Ϊһֻ֪ڵϦӣһҸһطԲٿط
ʲôط΢ǾȤʵ
һţæ䣡
΢һȴǲɫ
䣡
Ȼǽ䣿
΢Ȼ֪Ȼ֪΢ȴᣬ˵΢ᣬ磬ήʿǷëǡഫԴϹħսħΪһ壬˴˲֣ǿħҲǿȣҲԺħᲢۡ
ʱһɳܣֵһΪħӡһǽ䡣
ֵɳʿٿħ壬ʹΪūΪͣһʱֻʱǨʱƣֵܶԽԽ١
΢Ҳֻ˵ֵȴûмϸһ룬ܲٿǧ£ȻҲǽ⽵䷨
˵ʵ΢ȤܸȤҲҪԼס˵һͼӻô룬ô֪ģ
鲻΢ĻɾͲ
㣬ô֪ģ΢ʵһ㲻˵ʵ̽նɱı顣
֪ΨһĻᣬ̵һ͵͵Ӷ飬ʱ뿪ˣҷݣȻ³дһݣ֪ǽ䷨Ҫܴܲ䷨ҵƽ֮ġ
΢ϸʱ֪˵ĺпġ
˼ΪԸԸ֮˵ȱǲСĽ΢дĽ䷨ó˿΢Ե⣬ԿƼٻǲģȷ
ӣ͵͵˵⽵伫ž£ÿ²Ƴһö䣬ڣҲʮö䣬سΪūҷ֪޲ԣֻ΢ܷһ
΢ɨһʵн𣿡
æҡͷֻͷУӿͷ죬ͷҵЧҵӡ
ԭˣ
΢룬Ȼȥҵ֮ǰ¨ĺͯ¨ҲӺδЩͯ°ģȻ߶ţĴȥ
ͯͻȥ֮΢ŴҵһƫƧ֮أ𡶽䡷
ధ΢ˣ΢ΪҪ⽵䣬Ǽٵģ˵ƭңʱɱ㣬ģһҲ޲ɡ
һ⻰ˡ
ӣЦ⽵Ҳ£ɲһһϦɵĵӾʹģСҷ˰ɡֿʼ󣬽΢۾һɣĪй
ҿˡ
΢һ⽵䣬Ҿһмʱ䣬ԿܲɣɣҪԸԼļƻԳɹˣΪֻҪţɽ䡣
һ͹ˡ
Ϊ΢ֻǽý䣬ЩδʵҪܽ⿪ǼͷĽ䣬Щ޲˵һٲ
ʱ΢Ҫɹ¼ҹ˵ʲôֶΡ
ͬ˵һϹŵʵҲ²š
Լڶ̶̼
΢Ҳģô֪
΢ڻΧһƫƧ£Խг
ΪԳ΢֮ززû뵽ðһòŮܲΪǱ΢Ҫߣֿɲǰ׽еġ
ⳭϵĽ䣬΢֪ȫӦùˣҸպɽķš
£ܿһ͹ȥ΢һҲԲȣɵ˵һղԲȣһҲ޷У֮ǰͶأʲôûԾͱ΢ץڶ۷̣޲ȥһͷţҲֻ룬йԱߣԺҲˡ
ʱôܽţܣٵȵȣھ֪䲻ôġ΢뵽ʿǵһʣӶҪ²ŵĵˣǵһ겻ɡ
ĪǣԼҪһꣿ
뵽һ
ܿڶҲȥˣ΢һע⵽ԷһڲĹӣоΧЩ쳣ӦͲǿҲûж롣
ʵȥȰȰ΢Ҫ߶Է˷ʱˣңֻǵš
˵ҹʱ֣΢ͻȻ۾Ȼ˿г¼Ľӣָһ꣬һŻӿƬ̾ͽǲճɷɻҡ
ȻۣҶԣ˶Ȼɣ߳ŭǻʵһԷɣɹֵԼͷϣ˵Ǽٵģԩ
ģȴ΢ţ⽵ȻϹŵȻֻţֻѧ˽ƽ֮ȻҲȥʱ䡣
⻰ɵˡ
һӦдСӴţơˣƭذɣϹŵ䣬ţʿˮƽҲһпܣţ浱Сûм棿
һٸţֻô룬ϻùϷͽ˫ϲŵ
Ȼûô໨ӣϲӣˣ
΢ͷֻ˽ŵѧ˽⿪ķţˣҲѾǲ˼飬ѹˡ
ӣ΢ãձǳһȥɡҪһսŲͼĹŲͼҵġؾ
һ΢룬Űܸ𣿡
ǹ֣֮СƣȻǵͷԣѪǿᣬ֮£ֻܸʱҸ޷ӹΪ
㹻ˣ֮͸ϣ͵͵ңҪһҹħͼգһ֮΢˵꣬ͷȫӰš


ڶٶʮ 
գһͷӶ뿪ã΢Ŵ߳Ȼ߶ŷڿգ뷽ȥ
ǺԼӣ΢ȻҪĹȥ΢Ҳ˲׼Ѿȥ̽·İָһϣһҹħͼؼʱ̿ԷҪá΢ԼҲԲ˼ٶȲ˽Ľ֮ټ΢ɵ͹Ϊ˿˵ζѾǾпʸ
Ҳʲô׼ǶԷµڶūͲһʿֵܵģ֮϶ֶΣ΢֪Ҳֻܱˮڡ
󣬵΢һ̤˵أ͸оһƣ΢ϢȥƬ֮վһ·֮ϡ
΢һм֮ɫֻԣҲЩӻ㲻ء
̣΢壬ǹ·֮ϣЦЦ֮ڣûбٲȥĵط
Գơӡ΢ҪѹһԳơ١ԹŹλ𣬵ȻҪһŵĵӵλҪߡ
ߣҲ֪˭Ӵͬһ㣬ֻ֪Ӵܣ£΢Ŀܱ´̵νʮӶʮ㵱ˡ
۾һУɱӲ֮΢Ҫֳʤʤߵͼɸһս
ұپͲˣ΢޾ɫ
ãЦһһȡһŲͼŲͼѾҶӮȡ֮أ
΢û˵ֱӽŲͼȡһ۾һŨҵ̰ã
һ֣Ѿǽͼֱ΢˻δзѾ
΢һ㶣ȻõǽķȻҪɱԼһֲ΢ӦҲ죬ʩչ䡣ֻռͱϵ顣
΢СֱΧĿ˺ѿһ⻯һ΢ڡ
־ɱУһǰ΢Ƕõֵ΢ȣͬ۷壬˭˭
ʩչŲǵͬʱ΢˦ֶһ׷׷ٶȼ죬ž׹⣬ֱͬȥ
΢ҲǳɱУֱ׾֡
ҪƴǾƴ˭ܿ
ʢȻԸܣһ̣ﵽ⽫΢û׷һֱ۴ϸľҲǴš
䣡
ײĳֱӽ΢µĹ·飬Ȼϸɿ·ﵴĽ΢ŲǷĹŲųɣЩɽϣȻǽɽ顣
΢Ҳ𵴣ؿڱƣʩչŲǵ֣Ƿ飬һʱ䶯á
Ҳû䵽˿ô΢ʩչ׾Ѿͬն
злҲǱһĻڡ
ʣͷһν΢ǰ΢ǽ𾪡֪΢ʵû뵽ԷȻܺԼͥᣬҸոս֣΢˲ʩչֵԼֻʩչһֻ֣ǽϵķºͻΪŵֵ¶Է׾
ǴһϿ֪ԼʵȻѷ΢
ͷһǿѹȥ
ⲻܣ
ҿ߾ŵӣ˽ߵʿʼ֮ͬûе֣ǰУʤҵҲ޼ңôܲ΢ϣŭַڿնʩչ˲ʱ⵴һĿ𷢷࣬ǷƺҲץһѷﵣһٴγ΢ҹȥ
һΣֱҪѣеķﵾȻͬʵʣð棬ȼոƣ˲ƺз
ľȻ˲ȼգСϪɿʶ΢Ҳоռûķ༫ǿȻ
΢üͷ壬֪յһأƵʧƲԼϡ
۵΢òϣյĶԼҪ֮ܶ࣬ԼͲᣬҲ˵ԪҲᡣ
εֿ΢ûףȻûŲǣ΢Ȼָ߶˵ȴһκεа취֮ͬԼĸ䣬ȻǶԷϴƷĵ߱ʵǿᣬ˲ôô
;ͬ飬ĵȻǿᣬһԵֵ΢֪Ȼ㡣
ͷľ޴ţ΢̧һ˦ϵ˿ͬһӶֱȥ
΢ʱڲ뵽ƽԷİ취΢ѡһյսǾǶ֣ȶԷз
˿͵Ϯֱɱ΢Ҳ
ĵ΢˿ȴǹܶ䣬ɲ֮͵ǰһնɱȥ
ſһ裬һǽӿγһϡ˿΢Ѿ޼᲻ƣ˿֮ϴиʴ֮Ȼǽնơ
һ£Щˡ
Ѽ˿ϣоΣգʣάַ࣬Ȼ΢͵Ϯ֮¡
Сˣֻ֪͵Ϯһջطﵵֵ˿
֨һ֮ϾȻǱһ׺ۣջطﵣȻֵ˿͵ϮȴҲάַ࣬ͷ޴Ļɢ
䱡䷨
΢֪ԼĶˣҲԼ֮ǰûʩչ˿ûзܳ䲻⣬ƵԾȣԼΣ
Ƿǿ΢϶ʩչԽɱ
Լ֮ǰСˣ˿͵Ϯոһ£΢Ǳ޿ɱܣֵסǲҲҪѲƤ
ɫѿȴǹȻûʩչǷ࣬ǽ÷ﵺ΢һһʱ䷨ﵽҫ˿񺿣˶òɿΧɽʯҲʯɽǽһƬ
߶ˣ΢ȴǽͨӵ£ȴ򣬵õѾʮ֣΢˶˿֮⣬õĵҲ֣ƫƫһЩȴǱ΢õĳ뻯ĸ߶˵˿·硣
ʱһЩͣ΢ȴͬʯһ㣬㾪κˣȹ̲üֻ
ȻЩ޼ƿʩκβ΢΢ȴԽսԽ£ȻǷѣķȴ֮٣ףЩǼķʱˣ֪΢ˡ


ڶٶʮ ɽ
֪ԼȻ΢ץ񣬵ֲòʵ
΢ʵٶ̫ˣ֮ǰ΢ֻϣʱҪɱ΢ֱ練ơ˭뵽΢Ӷ˴Ϊʮ̣Ϊһ֮ĲƽڣѾ΢ˡ
ȻΪץ񣬵ֻ֪ҪõصġؾһνʱҪɱ΢ֻһ֮䡣
һ䣬Ҳ䡣
翼ڣĹ룬΢ҲԲܣʱټЩǿΧ΢Խɱ
뵽ЦһԥһͿбһŲʹ⣬һ̣Ⱥɽ𶯣˻˷Կ޷ɱвٸƼӿз
΢Ȱ㽫ͼңȻȫʬ˵ͬʱȻȡһһϽ֮ǱȻǻ⻷󣬽ΧﷶΧڡ
Ȼһֹ΢Ųͼߡ
Ȼ֪ôʤ֮䣬ȥ棬ΪأҲܲôˡɸѧϰ䣬ϹŵʵǿĴЩÿһʵɵ龳ʿʵǿһΧ֮£ԼǶ֣˿ԸѾһս΢˵ʮʤ㡣
ֻҪɱ΢ӶԷŲͼ´󼪡
Ȼôһ֣΢˷ޣɫҲЩѿЩʵǿᣬмֱԺ龳Ტۡ
ּһĸ
ĸǵһʱһӥצͬһˣһֳۣҡȣ棬ͬһ;޴ͬһСɽĺһһʮɵƤߡ
Ĵһ֣΢оһɿǰѹʣĸͬʱ֣ټԼʤ㡣
΢Ҳа֡
ȺУ΢˰а֣΢һġ
ڲǰֵʱ΢к֡
΢Σ˫ſܣǵΪΪͿ뱾ӿ⣿شӵֶβõģڷԲ÷Ӳȥǧޣ˽ͼֽûеڶ·ߡ
˵꣬һָĸǿޣĸǺպ˳ɽÿһɵ󾳵Ϊ΢ĸܽĸȫ򵹣ұ뿪Ųͼ㣬ǰˣͽǰŲͼҡ
ȻǴ㳹ե΢ķ˵ĶĶԲ֣ܶ΢ӮҲȻǺʱһʱὫ΢ɱ顣
Ʊǿʸ˵⻰Լռ˾ԵƣȻԵѹ΢Ƶޣɿѹ΢öԷ̧ͷ
ɡ
Ϊ΢û·ߣٵݣû˵߾ţ˵ɸɳҲǾصֻҪһ仰Լɱ΢Ҳ׷
̺Ϳɽ
˵꣬ˣϷһ㶢΢ʱĴѾΧ˹ǸһЦֳһѴ˿˿羢ĳСӣѾ˵ˣ㽫ͼǲѿ
˵꣬һǸֳӺŵޱգĪҪ˴³λСһҲǶˣõʥƣӲΣǽ֮£˾ɵҲ֪У˶ȡᣬ᷸ɵλС磬ֻһ·ߣĴ󵨵ߣŵӴ˻˵һ
ƨǧô˼һҪ˵ֱҿСӵԴϣѵҪĶߣһ˰ˣʡ¡Ǹľ޴˵ؿڴһ޴Ļľëһͬ޴ޱȵ
³ǧǺһۡ
УһƤû˵һ˫۾΢һս̬
ɽ΢ҲͷƤ飬ȴʾȻǺͥ⣬ⷴԾѡ
Ȥһúҡӵĺǧа˵ʵɽԼҪģҲûӣΪý併޷ƣֻǲ
Ҫ˵ޣǸ޵
ǲܷһͼΪǿ֣Ҳδ˵Ӯϱ˽䣬ٰܷܰʹ࣬ˡ
ԾһЩ飬Ҳֻܰȥ
ǵĶֲ򵥣֮ǰʹ˶ǿڰһжǿɽ˭˾ȻѹһʩչƷ֮󣬻ܽƽ⣬֮ǿǰδ
˵ʵɽ΢ʿּɵ
˵һ䲻ΥĵĻոպǧϣ΢ֱӽɱϵĽͻ⿪
Ҫ΢֣ɽҲЩɵûеһʱ䶯֣ȱƴƣֻҪԷһ̾ͻ֡
΢ȻȻ֪Լɽ֮УƲһ˵˵ƲܺɣҪôԼʵҪôпɽǺ֡΢Ʋľĺ֣Ҳǿƽ⽵ĵ
ֻ΢ûһ£ɽΣǸĹԼϵĽ⿪Ҳı䲻ʲô
΢ɽĹĿԲһȻǿᣬҲûбҪĳеηҪȾ
Ļ΢Щˡ
˫˵̥̽ʱǺȳס̺ʲôأǲ֣ҾȶְɣҪֳʤģһ
Ȥ־Ͷ֣ߺȵģ˵꣬ŻӶͬһŴһ΢˹ȥ
Ȼ͵ޣ޵ص󣬿ɿɽʯʮ㣬ͬƤʮʹ
˹΢ûд߶˿óĻӦС
΢ƿɴСɺʮɸߵľʯСҲڽ°ӡǿһЩʿƵƷˡ
ȻӴ󣬵ȴ˿һԾͬʯһ£һɾ޴ѹ΢
΢ȴǿ׼ʱһƴӡȭͷһ㣬ںְϣ΢Ĳλƺõģǹؽıλãִ󣬾һҽУȻֶ


ڶٶʮ 
΢ľȻԭ֮һ㣬ȱһ飬ֻȡɡҲ΢սʽǧٿغͼõĵҲһҪ߶˶ֻҪáþͺá
˿̣Ǻʮ㣬󵽿һСɽ΢ֻǹһ㣬˶Է͵Ĺơ
ֱֶӷɳȥʮԶԶһȺСҵǿ޵ɹ
ô£ȻûعĶ֣һսغڣɸոնԷֻһСԼϣԼֶǰǴûз顣
ףס
ǧһĻƤһ֪ǰ˲öԸֻһͷ˺㡣
;޴ӵɽܺɶȴǲǿ⣬˵ʮֲһҵ㷴ȻԿÿһ˶ôԸҲ˿㣬Ҫȫʧܣĺܲҡ˵һ½׶Ը
ںһ䣬û뵽˲û뵽΢ôѶԸǼϣһȺõķֲֻܵū
˳գǧƤ¶һ˿ߺ֮ɫн䣬ǲҷֻǹ΢
Щ飬΢۵ף΢Ѿеˣ΢֪ɽ϶ǲģֻǰڽ䲻òˡȻ΢۲ҲĵޣͬһͷӴʵش󾳵ӣһֱҡ
ѶԸɽǺһģ㹻ˡ
˿̺ҲǴŭ΢һ´棬ԺһҲˣֱӻӶ޴΢
֮Ϸһɫ⣬Ӷ֮ʱ֮ӣǱоԲǺ顣
΢гȴ䷨һ
Զһֱ΢΢Ķͫһ¶֮ɫ
⡭ǣпôо΢׼ʩչĵô죬ǽ䷨еĽ
ôܣ
ɸϹŵ⣬ͨ΢ôܻ᣿
һӦǲţҲšٿ΢ۼȴǲ㲻ܣƾȻھ΢һƾͣ£á
ȴ΢ͬʱʩչͲٿ˿סȻԺֻ˲䣬һ˲䣬Ҳ㹻˿ס˿ͼޱȣ־΢һ꣬Ǽ̣һѲǿᣬȻᱻ˿п
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΢סҲˣһڴ֮ǰ΢ѾǽĽӡüġ
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ɵҲ֪΢Ժ꿴ԼֵܻΧ΢ȥȽƤײ΢˳պͺǧһ
Ʊ仯̫죬ǻޱȣ΢ԶɫѾѪɫ⣬û֪ô¡
ܣˣ˳̿±ģԼֵðʧľٶŭʱⲻҪ
װģĺǧҲǽһգæɫ˼ֵôһʲôȻֵǲҪͶԷҲȲѣôҿԡ
Ƥ߲һ˫޴۾Ҳ͸ɻ
΢˿̿һ³һѪ֮ǰΧ˵˿бΪжס̫ͣƤߣԼĵȻһ붼ãǿнʯķ䣬λҲֻ¼׺۰ˣϵۼһͬһ᲻ɴݡˣף΢֮鷳Ǻǧ֮ǿȻ
΢Ȼǳ˿Ҳ΢ᵽһµĶ΢żĺô
ڣľٶ΢д󶨡
ǲŷˣҵĽ䣬ܾͲˣλӸǽ⽵䣬ĪһΪūΪͣ˿Ǵȴͬһ㡣
ܣĽˣ
ܰɣԹٷӶаôܽ⿪
ɣ΢Ҳ⣬֮Ƚģ΢ǿͷԼ򵥣жг𱨳ԸȰ΢кܴܻİ֮Ȱ˺ͺ⿪һδػԼ
Ƥߣһֱɱڣ΢׼磬Ӧúͺһ·ˣ΢ڶ⿪ģƤߵĽ䡣
Ƥ߶΢ĵӡûжƬ֮Ȼǵתͷֱӳ˹ȥ
ʵϾڸղţ׼ǰֹ΢˿̽⿪ƤߵĽ䣬ǰʣƤҲһ֪ͼĺ֡
кƤ߰æ΢ѹڸոջȺеİ΢Χǰæʱ΢ֹ°΢һŵƣкУó
ɽѾʣҲǳ΢һˣ΢Ҳǽ⿪䡣
һĻѣǸްÿһ䶼ҪѴʱƣڣҲֻƳʮöһ΢͸ĸĸΪߵޡ
һƾͲÿˡ
ū飬ģ΢ٽͷ޽䣬Լǽơ
ֻʾ֭Ҳ벻ף΢ѧήģ
Ҫ֪Ҫս䣬˵ûһ꣬Ŀ๦Ī΢֮ǰ֪Լʹ޶սԵ䷨΢δֲ̫Լ֮ǰҲϹۣС
ðʣòģİµ̬һ˲ѣ̮
ԭΪɽԼٷְٿԽ΢ܣ΢ЩĽ䣬ƽԴɽ̬ȣʣǰٷְٻᷴһ
Ƭ֮䣬ɽĽ価΢⿪ֹûӡĸһֱƣ֪˶Υĵ飬ֱǵʹ֮ǣֻΪ䲻ҷ
ˡ


ڶٶʮ ͼ
Ȼ߻в޻ȴȥԸ΢Щٱ΢䣬ǻ췦ˡ
Ҳû˿ʤ㣬ǧޣѾǷͷԸ΢ֶýķţٴȥֻѰ·
һʱ侹ȻЩ֪롣
΢ȻҲ⣬ǵǸһ½ã΢ǶƷ٣ִƼ˾ý⽵֮˷ƽ޳ܣΧ٣ɽѾຣִԲ򾡹ܰΪŰ򣬱˵һԣºнĿңԻ䡣
΢һ̾вͷԥ
ʵ޶ֻӸͷƵģֻʮͷ죬ֻҪǵ֮꣬
£ʮͷ컥࿴һۣƿȻ΢Ȱ棬ֻڤ粻顣
˿ȻҧϣҲ뵽һֹƣҲɽĪҪɵ΢ý䣬ºȻ뷨Ӹ䣬ǣȥδӣԼȥ롣
֮ơ
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΢ҲɽԼ˻ɣ֪費ǵǿȰ裬òʧڽ䣬΢ʱҲֻѧ˽䷨½䣬һʱҲ
뵽΢ԵãɽȻǲ¼ɱ٣Ǿ뿪ɣҲһҸǽ䣬Ҳһ뿪
ʮͷ΢΢һһ䣬Щ޻ɺ̾ߣɽ˵ǺЩԸ⣬Ͳסֻ뿪
һֳ˾ųɻֻ࣬ʣ²޸Щʵǿش󾳣˵Щ鷳֮ǰҪǿ̫ࡣ
˿Цޱȣ΢΢ֶΣȻý䣬ӻн£һȡ
˿Ѿ˺һαװֻά΢Ϊ޵·ϵħϡΪ΢òոū˾ųɣޣǲ΢ңݡ
΢ѾӦҲûʲôˣոʩչ䷨ȻһȺΧԼĳ棬Ҳķѵ߰˰ˣֻǶԼĵˡ
㱰޳ܾͰˣû뵽ôҪңҰֱ֣ҽ룬㾹Ȼ˵ǷĪΪ΢ûд΢˿Ҹǿ֡
⻰һȴӲͷƤ΢ٹ飬ʲô־ͽг
΢Ҳụ́˿ɨһۣߵޣ뿴㿴֣
һ£ͻȻһͼӶɢͼϻŵһΪֲޣ΢Աīƶҹħͼ
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΢㾹Ȼһ֣޳ܣĴܿˡ
Ȼ΢гǾҪȫ֣Բǰɱķ΢Ҳһ¼ö䷨ĵҩֱ
ֶһ
֮ǰͬ˿ǱŭͷԣԱ侲ֻƬ̾·磬ǬƷѾܡ
ٿ΢˿꣬ʩչĶͨƫƫȴ򣬲ΪӪĵһһ⣬ǽ䲹ˡ
΢ҪƵ޿ˣ󺰣ϱ⣬ͬһɫ
ͷãȴֻʵĵ˵ѾŲţ΢ɫֻŲǽԼߵļײɣͬʱʩչسɴ֮һ̤ɲ֮͵ǰ
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΢ɱ㣡۾ˣ˿ȫȻûָ߸ϵİֵӵϣ˿ͬһֻҰޣҧгݣĽ
΢ĻѾǺ·Ҵһ΢һ˦˿͹˹ȥæֵȴǱ΢һƻ⣬ǬҲֶ˿ƣ͵΢ǰ
ͼʧҲ㻹ôɱң΢ʵոѾ̽ǬȻнƣ΢Ҫ֮ѣǬ΢ѾõƷȴЩ鷳̺ķ̫ǿԼްֻһĸֲܰæ
Ȼʱòϣ΢Ҳܻ
һûʧܣһū˵ͷһ˵ˡ
ЩĹĽūһش󾳵޾Ȼڲ֪бɱ˸ɸɾ
˫ֲһš
ȴ֪ǶһĵմӣһڵĹ죬ܣǹΪ˿̽ҹħͼգ㷢ӳʿǿᣬƬʱͽɱ⡣
ǰܡ
ٲţٲģҲ֪ȥߵū˿һʣǬ΢ߣɸʱƷǬҲ΢ԷʵǿᣬйܵУ
ҲģһжӦҵģ΢΢к΢ٶ˵ȴ̧һնȥ
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һУΧЩ޶һҲǾ˵Ҫɥ΢֣֮ͻȻͷͻȻһ⣬ڣ΢ķлûӽͱ⻯⡣һ⼸Ʋɵ֮ǰµķƣ΢ҹħͼһ𶴴𣬵¶յա


ڶٶʮ Ӱ
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΢һ֪дܴҶԷʵ֮ǿֱǲ˼飬΢ֻ˼ʿֶΡ
΢ɫѿԷҪֶԸԼаһ԰æԼҲʤ㡣
һ£ֻǻûжԸ΢ˣҲǵһʱ令΢ǰ˿ͷѾðһɹʴ΢ۣſһðУһʼϣ΢ǿӲ֮°ͬ⡣
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Ц΢ԺԺɽɱһ˶Ǹ
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סڣ»̣Ӱȳһ㲻˵һ˫Թ۾ȴǶ΢
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΢֪ӣֻܽﵶȥȡŲͼƴһ˵Ҳ棬ŲͼϣԶƴΪһͼ֣Ȼǻһ⣬Ӷ
ָӰ˵̷ӶԹɨһ΢һʱϣʱ΢ԲȥԻΣ΢ΪĲǿصؾܰ;ϣ
Ӱ缫ߣҪɱԼɱˡ
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΢֮ǰӺƵ˵ӿõǱؾ
֮ǰ΢о϶һǼٵģֻͬѣأһ̣΢ǽϿ֣һѾĹȻת


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һ΢϶Ǽٹġؾ˿̾Ȼת΢ɵ֪ԼԵȻ²΢Ը񡣵΢ջڵأһԣʵ
ӰֻҪ΢ֵǽھͿԡ˿ǿǽǰڤ˼룬ʾ֭оǽϵ֣Ҫӵҳⲻ֪оһҲûá΢ڿȷ꺣ƵһֻۣҵⶴûõģҪһƪƼٻĹſԡ
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ǽ֣ĳУǹศɲصġؾ
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˴ѾʶɨһǽԲ֮̽⣬طûκζؾȻǽڵУλȡͿˡӰ˿˵һͷɸģҶȻԻؾɾء
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΢ȷұںʯͷضûУԼѾãǲò⴫еĺƵˡ
ƵԼͽͽｫлҵϴġؾԳһ֡ͽͽڵĵţֱǵ㣬ֻˣʵߵҲСֻٹ꣬žͳʧˡ
΢ġؾԺƵҲǸмģ룬лᣬЯһºƵ˵ͽͽҲãϾĴʵϾֻһԼͨɣʯڣƵͽͽҲʲôҲò
ԼǷһ顣
΢Ҫؾ΢ѾȡӲҲǰ״ѾǲΪݣ鷳ǸӰӶԷѾסҪ粻һӰعԼҪܾˡ
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΢ȻûкӰ֣Ҳ֪ԼأΪɵؾʿҲԲǶԷ֡
Ҫӣõİ취ǽӰɵǽˣӳȥܿͻᱻ׷ϣӰ֮ǰٶ΢Ǽ¡
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΢ۣۿԽԷǿһ࣬ӰȻʵǽʵ̽
Ӱı嶨ȻϵΪǰӰӦֻǷ֮۵Ŀܣܵ飬ҲðͷӣǿᣬȴǷѣ΢ȥҲǺʿ൱
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ɵĶ׽ټأȻҲ׽٣Ȼ׽Ტ۵ġ
׽٣ܲɱ
΢һ뵽һԾԾԵĸоϸһ룬ƻпΪôôһǽӰڶǻ׽٣Լɽأʱ׾ûнӰԼʵǣߵĿҲ
ƻãλˮȴҪú롣
ܿ죬΢뵽һӣһȷ֮ǿʼתؾ׼ͻƣؾ硣
һߣصʯһеұһš
ôܣһǰ÷һ£¡ұƿһ󶴣ֻʯͷһӵϼһʯͷôûУôûУ
ӰҲǼΪԾȻûеõƵ˵ؾһʱ䣬Ҳ룬ĪǺƹʲ
֮Եˡ
뵽ﻮѾõļƻӰ鼫Ҫɱ˷й
ȻǲԼͬ뵽΢
ڴ˿̣΢ǱͻȻһɼǿƣӰͬʱɫ䡣


ڶʮһ ׽
΢ֱͻ󾳵Ľޡ
ҪأӰ֮ʶһ㣬˶Ϊ΢Ϊܣͨء
΢ϵǾ֪أ˶Σϧζɥ֮ա͸΢ûеõؾаȻû΢뿪
˵ǹϣʲɾͲϧϲӰҲûŹ΢ȻԶ֣Է뿪ѾʮΪһɫأҪһɫأȻǺ΢ǿ
ʱӮĻ
ʱ΢͵˫ĿԲҰһĺУӾͬһ㣬Ҫһ
ϧͻƵؾҲӲӰЦһ˵Ǻ϶ûؾҲûˣûϵʿϹżλ֮⣬û˭ɹɣһɫҲˣץʱͻؾɡ
ǣɸ۷Ѿʮ꣬ʱͻƣŵȻûأ΢ҲûУԼɾһɫأ̾ͻὫ֮ǰưأʱѹ΢
һӡϳ޷ԶֻƬ̱Ȼһ⡣
䣡
ƱӰһǵͷãȻҵĵͻһɫֻ˲Ϣڳֵʿʱܱȵ㡣
ϢأʮΪڴ˿ȫ˲ͻơ
һ̣ǿ΢ɫָ߰ǰĲһµֿ
΢һɫأҲҵĶ֣죬Ҫ˵꣬һֱ̤ɱ΢
΢Ǽָһ˿߾ͷӶͬʱ΢׼ʱ䣬Ȼȡһ׷˳ⶴ
ܣӰЦһȻ֣ܳҪ΢ȴǿԵá
һ̣һѾǵ棬ס΢ȥ·
ÿ΢װŭĴһ߶׷Ȼֱӷ˹ҪӰϡ
ͼֵһᣡӰȫû΢ĵһ΢߶׷ӿƣӰȻûע⵽ӿƹھ޴Ϊע΢
ƣһ׷Ѿȥ
΢֮ǰУҲƵ׷ǶȥģôҪĹ
ЩԾ
Ӱɻ󣬵Ȼ΢ϾΪ̫ԶУ΢϶㲻ϡ
ûжܣΪֻôһССķҲӲһʿų׷ǶܣǾöӡ
һȥԼͶˡ
㣬׷˵ͬһ㲻ֵһᣬͬʱӰ̧һ㣬ʱһɾ޴ޱȵ΢ͼ΢˿΢Ȼҧ㲻ܣֱ˵ǰȻ׷˦ȥ
һ۴ϸɫ׹һ׵У£΢Ҳ˵ľ޴УһѪɳȥʮ⡣
ԣ
ֱһ̣Ӱž쳣ով͸оʲôĵطԣֻһʱ䱻΢עûзӦֱڣžͷƹӴˡ
Է׾Ҳֹģƾۼ
ӰĻǳһЩ˿һɫ׹ž춯صƺȻ£Ҫ΢˲䣬΢ɳȥ
΢ѡλúͽǶǾĿǺͼģ˵ǡôһ׹ֱӺӰϡ
һɫ׹⣬΢ʱ׽١
΢׷ƭӰֶԺýǶȣöԷԼ׽٣˽ܵ顣
ʱ׽ٺεǿ󾳵ɵʿ¶ֱɱҪȹ϶Ҫȫ׼ҪĶַпܡһжʡˣȻͷ󣬵ϾҲֻһѣΪ˶Ŀ˲ʵǿ
Ҳ͵һӰȻǱһ׽ֱķ飬һźʧ١

΢ʮⶼԸܵһ׽ٵǿ˵ӰԼ£Լڵ״̬ѶȹԣҲдģʱҲᶪ
׽һɢ΢Ҳ̺ͬˮһӿ˵֮ǰˣƲ¡ȻҲޱȣ΢һطŪǱ³
ڣ΢Ӯˡ
΢˿̸оȻʹ̧һƴͽԱһ·
ʵ֮ǰֹ΢֪Լ̤ؾ
ǧɵأ΢ˣǧ̤صĵһˡ΢߶ΪϾͰһϹ⣬ͬһ㣬ؾЧ̤֮΢һ
΢ٶа֮ڣɱ

뵽΢ͻȻʲôһɨԶѾϢ
ϧȻˣ΢̾˿ոչŻˮԼֵ׽٣ȴ
ȻԼأּ֪ɽ׽ɱԾˣϾɡ
΢أΪСʿʵǣ˿һѾǷӶǶ֮ڡ
ѾûӰ
ϧˣǰյͷҹħͼҲˣٳ׷ԷȻӲˡ΢Ȼûܽɱһź
һΣ΢ȻǴȫʤǻؾؾҲȫ覴á
ǵǸӰԷȻɽһǿߣ΢˵Ǻ¡
תһ룬²ԼҵģֻҪؾͱȻҪΪУΪУҪɽǿߡ
ǱȻ
ҲûʲôɽǿˣԼɽҲйأɽǿҲɵԽ֮ǰԶֽԼɱˡ
ȵ޳ɣ㲻ˣ΢֪˵ز˾һɽǿɱǹԼͲˡ
΢߶ţֱɳ죬Զȥ
⣬ӣ֪΢᲻׷Ϊ˱ͣЪֻҪ˴ܹ磬㰲ȫˡ
һ뵽εʧ͸оԼҪıըˡ
֮ǰУ΢Ȼ׽٣ɸķ飬һʿʱ׽ٵġ
׽ټֻһֿܣǾء
Ҳ˵΢ؾɾء
ѪǶûлõҲˣƫƫ΢ĺô޳أʵĿˣ£ΪԼѾѡһɫأȻʿѾףɱظ
Լ֮ǰѾ΢֣Էأ͸Ƕˡ
ֻӣֻݱܷâ
΢ҺúޣúްرҵģȫˣҵһУ΢ţƣɱ㣬ĲΪˡ¶ġ


ڶʮ 
ʮһվ΢ȲЪϢ
ΪҪϢ΢޳أɾСʱ򣬾ԼԼŵҪȥﺣƵ˵ͽͽ
Ȼŵ΢ԼԼ˵ģ΢ҲҪ˵ôһԭǣ֮ǰ˵ĶԻ
ᵽƵˡ
˵ʲô
˵ɽ統У֮ϲųΪˡҲ˵ʵ˺ܾܿɽ磬ɽһ֡
ȻˣԵ΢ýᡣ
վʮŵڣ΢ȥҪȥͷȻóȻţ˼δػš
΢ŻվЪţ˳һ衣֮رȲԭʮ˹ǰ㷱٣Ϊûʲôòû뵽΢ˣվݵĲ൱ȻȲϴԪǼϵĲ裬Ҳ˶ˡ΢Ʒоǽʣ֪У衯
΢£ֻ˽شﲩԼ֪ȴ٣֮ڣԼ׫ġɽ󣬿˽ȴôһ顣
뵽΢ǽлᣬȻҪ׫һ˽֮飬ͬɽǰ㣬㲻֪˽¡
˼֮ʣǰˣװѪǿᣬӿ
΢ɨһۣ֪⼸ʿ
Ҳߡ
ɵһʿҲи֣Ҳɳɣˡ
ֻףѣҪɸϼѣ࣬ɵʿҪ࣬ͨƽٳɵȴ֮١
ͬ޵ʿͬȨҲһԪҲһΪԪ
΢ԪЩʧְȴѹûȻҲȫûУ΢һЩҲֻǳžͨǿһЩʿͲܶˡ
΢Ӷɵ͹дԪˣҴһʼûԲŻˡ
⣬̫΢û⣬Ʒ衣Ǽ߽֮ϬɨһȦ˼·Ľŷ򣬾ֻ΢΢ȥͬǼ˿ȻŴһϣ⣬Դȡ
磬˷ⵥɣֵ˱ɵԭ˹ˡһߺӺ˿ھƵ
˵ǣɷݺҲжʮˣЩһˣŻŻ֪Ѷ˽뺯ҲˣǲȻ㽫Ƕˡһģ׶ĺӵ˵ͬʱһĨӵĶ
΢˹ѹ΢΢û⣬ֵʱ΢Ǵ
ţǺƵ˴˴
Լλɣ벻ıˣš
ȷɡ
΢ȻͲܲܣ˵Ǵȡؾ΢ǺһҲ޲ء
΢Ӳ
ϸɷ̸
˴磬뺯ʲôڸôһʵ
ɷϴһͷ׳̫Ѩ߸¡𣬹ؽڴִ󣬱һھŻһͲǣ˿̵¶һֵ֪ܴСʦ䣬Ҳʿǿ֪춥ɽ᣿
ֵһ㶣Ȼ֪
磬ǵȻ֪ǿʿʥᣬ˵춥ɽʮʯ֪˭ֻ֪ʮʯϸԿһ澭¼žѧЩ澭֮󣬱ЩɵʿҪܻΪˡÿʮ꣬춥ɽῪһΣɺ߷ַ뺯뺯ĿԵ춥ɽѧĪǣҪľ춥ɽ뺯
ɷϴͷû춥ɽ뺯
ֲùôļǮŵҲˣ뺯ɲʲô˶ܵõġ
ɲǣ˵ȫƾ˵ǰũõ뺯Ȼϵ춥ɽһѧӴ򣬳Ϊ֡
ʱɷ϶ͻȻ磬Ϊβ뺯ռΪУ
һɷһ㶣Ҳһ̰ɫ԰磬ͽ澭ĸʵڣϵ춥ɽֻǲһ澭ƤëҲȻЦˡ
ɷϴһۣŵ뵽ģĪΪ벻㣬ң뺯ҪҲҪˣʱһҸɵȻֵһ춥ɽ
Ӣ
΢ҡҡͷɷֱ޿ɾҩֻΪҲˣµеߣ˶ˣȴҪԭԱ棬ͷҪԣǾЩصˡ
޳¼ˣ˻á
ɷ߳Աģȵȥ⣬ȹ̳ƺǲŴžű뿪
΢Ҳ̸˳ȥ
ʿ΢Ҳ˽⣬ϾԪͬ޵ɡʿľǷ׶Σһǡ֮ǡ浤
Ȼ΢ҲֻǷĵ伮֪νһԪԪԪԪԪ
ʿ磬ҲǾųɾŵľ磬ڡ浤ʿ΢δ
ԪڣﵽԪֻһˣǱȨҲ⼸ոͻƵģߣƾΪԺɵʿ⣬ǽնɱ
Ȼ΢ôܷȨһ˿ŴԪ
ﲻԪľ磬⼸ͿޣҲﵽԪľ硣
ԸС߾龳ʿڻ¡
΢ٵɷҲ򵥣ϴͷӿΪҲѾԪľ磬һͷֻĵӿҲ˵ֻԪ
ĸǴߣȲȨͬ޵ʿ
Ҳ˵΢Ըĸȫѹһ·΢һֱţɷû˿ϾͿ֪΢ȻɵΪѾǸ߳ɷ֪١
ʮɷһ·ڣ΢ǲڲԶšԼĪһʱ΢С·ǱӰ
һˣŲң·ϻѪڲֻ󣬸һ
Ϊѿƣұ°ϻһСձֳһȣٶȴǼ죬׷ǰˡ
ٶҲȻȲۿҪ׷ϣʱӵɷĵط
һɷԾ¡
΢ɨһۣϵˣΨһǸΪھСʿһ΢͵ʱˣԼǵú


ڶʮ ȫɱ
һ꺺ӣ˿ǱǱֳֳ·ɷֿ׷ǱߵҪңҲΪ춥ɽ뺯ɣ
ɷɵ̷ӦһԾڿһɶߣ䵽棬¡
ţ˼ҶôˣײĵˣͲҪˣɷ֪ΪʲôǶǵˡɷɷ˿˵
ŵһ䣬ЦɷĸСǰҪԿġ
ƨ̫ţϹȻǰײġɷǳ嶯˿̸
죡ɫһ䣬ξȻһ£ҲôֵģһɷҽһһֱѾ࣬á
Ԫָɷϴɫһ䣬æģ˻˲̫ŵĶ֡
ߣЩɫɷҲǳѾõʿӦ֪󵽵ĽذɣҵģӦùҡźǽƻ˵
֮죬ϵĺöߵ֮ţ˵䲻ĻҲԪΪ൱ˣƴɱʤж󣿡ɷϴ㹥ġ
ϼ޻׺ݶδĿĲֶΣζɷȷʤ㲻
뵽Ц˵Ҳԣ֮˵Щ֮磬Ƚɱˣѳ춥ɽ뺯ʱƴɱҲ١
֮ô˵ʱ䣬ͬڸȵʱˣɷҲʤˡ
֮ڹĶǣǸŵȴһɫɵ龳ʿҲֻǾСűûʲôĵв٣龳ʿҪۿۡ
׺ߣɵʿȻǲУ۸ߵһͬŲ֡
ĵӣžѾ˶䣬һ⣬ʣһͬʦܡһֻʣˣҿӣԼ뺯Ҳһ
յ춥ɽ뺯Ϊ˷ܣϣ˽ŷû뵽ͷȴǳԼĴ
뵽ң˿г۾һգҪԼĨӡ
˵ʿɱ衣
ʱȴогͻȻ̩ɽȻУһֶ̣䣬ڵϡ
⡭̫䣿˲ô˵ҲһɵʿȻΪȣٻһЩʶġ
̫ǺܶŶյһֵ±̩ɽԷӱ֮ȴʧŵǲġ
һŻ쵽ֵز븲ҲûԶˡ
ͬʱͻȻһˣͬƾðһ㡣˿ȥʮ߰ɣȴɫϣĿü
ɵʿȻ߱ƵҪɱڣɳѵ⣬ͬ䲻ӡ
Ȼ΢ҪɱȻǲܼȡ
ţһһ仰Ҫȴһ仰˵
ˣЩԨԴ¾㿸ˣҪǵʲôͬˮۣҪƴȫʲ߲£ΪҲ£սףǲɱ΢ǳһ䣬Ȼ㿴ɷǴš
˿̣˶һɵ΢˵ʵ΢ôһ˵ƾðģǼҲû΢ôġ
˵һ£˼ҵΪܸߣһɵʿ
ʿ˵ʵǺɵʿģʿ壬似óƴɱɵʿȻ෴׵磬ˣѰһƣҪʿ֮Ʒɽǧ֮ȡͷ̽ȡ
˵ʿɵʿͺʤ㣬еʿлɵֻҪսгһҲܽɵʿնڽ¡
֮Ǳ֮٣ʿǿɵʿĵط
ɷǴţƲҲɱɵʿǾḻԴ˿̿΢ֻǼɵ¡
СޣҴû˵ⲻҪ𣿡ɷ˵һȴǰйע
֪ɵʿսҪסһǾǲҪöԷлʩչ
ɷ䣬ͻȻֱ֣ӽ׳ն΢ͬʱɷϴҲ˦ѷɵ΢·
ɷɷǿ첽ⲫ
ʱǴҲ죬ֱٶ죬ɷɷգ֮Ѿǵ΢ָ࣬΢ָⷺڣǴУ΢ŷ£ɵʿĻҲᱻ඼˲顣
⼸߳䲻⣬һбɱϣһǽ֡
ֻϧ΢Ҳǳ⼸˰ػ΢翴ˣڶɷǷɢעĻ΢ȥ
Էһ΢˷Ӧ
ͬʱ˵һ䣬Լ˿δһ̣նɵȫھ΢߾붨סȻ󶣵أǴţָ΢ֻߣȴȻ¶֮ɫı̣Ƭ֮󣬱׷룬׺Ҳһ̤գԵڵأһûϢ
ɲ֮䣬˫֣Ҳɲ֮䣬ֳʤ
΢һδɱˣиһԪʿ
⾳ߣҲͺʿ޼΢ҪɱȻ׾١Զʣɷϴ϶˿ŵǻ겻壬֪ĸˡ
ϣֳ䲻ͻϮ󾳵ɵʿ׻ɱΪһʧϾдЭû뵽ֻɲǾͷֳʤ
Ǽǰλɵʿ̫Զ
ܣ
ɷϴҲϣתܣĶһһԷ׷Ҳֻ׷һ
ɣ
΢ץʩչȡĵ΢һǧʯץͲ˵ˡ
ʣµɷͬһ㣬ˤ΢¡
½ˤذû͸оһ˲һƬڰ
΢Ե˲˿飬Կ˵ɱɱˮ
ԵĻԪʿǸΪһκΪҲпڴ֮±ͻȻԪʿնɱ
ʿһ㣬ɵʿҪܶ࣬΢ðա
Ǳţһǰ򵹣΢ͷлǰ֮Ҳлǰ⼸ɱ
ǰ
΢ͷһαôƺȴ֪ţѾΪפǰˡ
ϾɵʿʿһصҪפ֮ܶѾʮɵʿȥҲʮ£΢ΪôߵôᣬԲŻᱻǰˡ


ڶʮ 
ʮǰɽũţһҾһλ·ĵˣǵ˱һˣһţҲʮ꣬˸мţҶ飬Խţܴɵ²
ֻţһ㣬ԣſ޶ʮ꣬ҲǾСŵشƫƧ֮أȱٵؼԼǾСľ磬ţܸӲеʵ
ˣǵвǴţٿߣҲһӵ
ţܺ΢һΪʱͺܲԼΪרɵԲûԣ֮ûС
ɵ޵ϣ΢Ҳͷһμ
˿ţܳ΢һݣܱũ֮ӣʶǳҵöʦڱ죬ȴǹʦ࣬žӪⲽأСǺӸҲ꣬ɥ֣ҲҺҲΪͽҲн֮٣ȫҰ
ţ˵֮Ȼǳ̾Թˣֻⷬ˵ǣ΢ջѣţܻҪ˵΢ǲĴϡ
ֱǷƨ
һǳ⣬ţһ΢ҲջˣޱҺԹ֮ˣ鲻Žֻӱܣֲǵأʵţ̫
ˣűȴǹԼͽ˥䣬ˣֻŶʦзˣ߼ֱǻȻҪ
ţܱȻҲһ죬һɫ
΢ŭֵҲ˶ʮɵô˵ҲǾСʿǵвԪޣȴӦõΪβ䣬ӦУ
ţһ֪ǰλǰĸ֣Լû˵һۿԼΪһɫǰ˵Щңᣡ
ʲô΢εǳԾˣٲĵţЩӦвŶԣܲ᣿
΢һţţܲ渵Եɡ
ԭʮǰչһδ𣬺ܶж֮һ棬ֻЩĹ
һ΢֪Ϊλ˥ͬʱҲ뵽Լȥ͵ؾʱ򣬹ֲü֮صôԭΪԭͬʱҲңһûнؾˣԼҲء
ǰգŸΨһɵĹҲ͵ȥ춥ɽ뺯һǰȥܲܵõһЩû뵽û߳ʮͱ·١ţܿɬޱȣ΢Щ˼͵
룬΢Ǭȡ߰˱飬һЩСԪһֿɵ
Щţȥúò򣬵ƽһЩĵᣬԸ򡣡΢ǲҲǰһѡ
ţһЩţܳҽܣϾЩ̫ٶ˵ˡ
ãôϻ΢ţԸǺǳһ䣬ţŽܡ
ţһ룬ӻȡһź΢ǰ䲻Ҳ֪޹»ĵ춥ɽ뺯͸ǰˣӦ֪ȻǵҲ
΢Ҳû飬ӹ뺯˵ʵɷ˵춥ɽҲЩ棬Ҫȥ
ֿһţܣ΢뻹ȡһЩʯҩݸԷ֮ǰ˵һЩԨԴŵͳһ㣬úά֣ԸУȥ֮ɽҼʵĵӣȻչغúʲôʱʲôʱٿɽţǵ׿ԽߣλͰɣԸʵǲá
ţܿʯҩޱȣȻ֪ЩļֵЩ֮ڣܽС
׼ͷлȴ۾һٿǰĻˣ
ȻǸˣǰģܱȻ˵ıչ׳ţţܹؿ˼ͷŷš
˵˵΢ʵǲٿţԸˣԷЩʯ͵ҩǴҲӦɾͰɣ
ֻҪùҲԱ֮һЩӣȻδػʹԪǰ׳󣬵ٿԱͳʧ
ʵˣƾ٣ҲܸԼµĻԵ
£΢Ҫȥһ춥ɽ춥ɽϵʯʲô΢ҪоǴԪֻԪ磬ϾûˣܵõһЩԪҲһ¥
΢֪춥ɽʲôطֻ·̽Ѱ֮Ҳһ֪΢һʱЩ񣬰֪ӦͬţڵãԼͬͷӬһ
ôȥ϶Уûӣ΢ֻڸһԴǿ˶࣬϶ܴϢ
֮أҲͬԭ˹΢ҲǴ۽磬ͬŮӣҪӸߴ󣬵ű¶һ顣ͬҲһ׳ţ¶ֱͬʯһ㣬ëïܡ֮ǿԶԭ֮ˣȻΪʢУⲻĳУ֮˺ܶ඼Ǳඥǿ
һЩŮӣҲǱ뺷
ٿ΢Լһۣݣ޸֮ڴ˵Եʮ࣬ڣҲвԭ֮ߣ΢Ȼ࣬ҲǼֲ֡
ڴ˿̣΢ǰ߹һãǰһûȺ΢ôһۣȴɫ䣬æ׷ȥ
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ҵʦ˼Ѿã΢Ҳûж룬ֱ׷ȥлᣬȥʦͽȻʮָˡ
ǵٶ죬΢ΪߣԶԶں棬Ƭ֮䣬þͳ˳ǡ֮ٶȸ죬һȥɾ룬ȿҪϼ֣΢ĳõĲǵֶΣƾٶȣʵǺš
΢߶Žں󣬳˳ǣһ·ǰһӣӿɲֹӱûдҰڶɣҪӣܣ΢ҲʹõڹȥǵþȻֻǴӰ«έһβ«֦Ȼ˦ֶں֮ϣһԾżһβ«Ȼôɳӡ
濴һĻ΢Ŀɿڴõܹӣֱ˼飬΢磬ֻܽ÷ţɹ档
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ڶʮ ͬ
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ɽ·ǰ·΢㵽һɽȡɽ֮غܴһɽţдšƹۡ
⾹Ȼǵһɡ
µŶţë΢Բһһ֪֮أȻôһӵţʵ˷ѽ⡣
΢תһ룬ҲǵãһۣǲͶˣ
ܿܣ±ƹС뵽΢Ҫȥһ룬һǣôɽҲǴף룬ʩչһӳ΢ɢѾѼ֮Ϣ
ɵʿֶΣӳ˵΢룬ʯȥͼһɽ䣬ǹӡ
ʱ΢ǰվһˣԼĵ¡
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Щ֪ʶǰԪҲ΢˵ҴԪӵΪ߾ֻﵽԪ浤磬ȻԪóɵԸƳɵ΢ҲһǡԪ浤ʿԼҲԿӦȻؾֵ̫Ǯˡ
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ǼȻ׺ҹͣ¾ͬһһ㣬ŲԾࡣͼһֳؽߵͷȥָǽһͽ䲦һԣһӡߵؿϡ
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⻰һΣϾΪӲǵֵƼĶʵΪʲô
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ɫһˣұ֪ʦˣ춥ɽ뺯Ҳ㡣
ǿɲ㣬֪似óƷ罫涾ͿĨϣ涾һմ̾ͻжԪ浤ߣҲþͷеø˵꣬̾ߣеһ̳Щߵ׷
䣬Ǽ߱׷
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ܲӵ΢ܻɡ
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˴Բﶼû˼о綾ܲ˶Զô˵ǸǼҲ˵
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ʱ΢ѾԣæȡһԪĵҩι¡


ڶʮ 浤
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˵浤ʿĵңԺ¡


ڶʮ ǰ
ڶһ죬²Ž඾涾Ϊͣ¹ֻǻָ˰˳ɡ΢ڵѾΪ壬˵΢Ѿʾɢ»ǽһƪķгҲ΢˼ǷˣҲãҲա΢ڵҲϣֻ˵Ѿƽͣͬƽеò
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΢ҲᣬΪԼͿԽ⡣
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΢ӲСϵ飬Ҳûж΢ģһ˿С֮ɫ΢ԥľҪȥƽɽ
ȻӴʱ䲻΢µӻһ˽⣬ǿˣ˵ҪȥǾȥĳһȵϵá
ҲУȥƽɽɣҲûˣҲڵӳ֣ͷҲ鷳µ΢һСһ׮ͨ仯֮õıò
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ҪҪȥƽɽ΢ȥģ̫ΣգҲΪȥðա
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һһĴȤ¾Ȼʮֵ⣬ǰһĶأС֪


ڶʮ Ů
˵ָָ꣬һߣƤҩˮݣһϣֻժˣҾ͸ϣһˡԿ䣬Ƥ׽ˣҲ޷ϳҵʱƽɽ϶ȻкܶˣֻҪ͵һЩΣգ鷳ڣҲܱ㰲Ȼ
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Ƭ֮ãȻˣʱҪҶһͺһҲҪȥıòҪܣһ
˵꣬һȻʧ١
ԼԼƤֲʲô˵飬õô𣿡΢һ䣬һоԼѾû⣬̽ƤȥȻǼΪỬֱǲ˼顣
֪Լڱʲôģˣʱ΢ŷӦԼ֮ǰȻû¸ԼʲôƤһ΢ҲסǬͭȡ˿
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΢ǶˣԱһţǴ˿ȴд
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죡
΢ٿӰ·ҲЩ
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΢һٸţҪ֪ʮǰ¾֮ǰǰͣȥ̵һ书ô㣬Ҳôᡣ
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뵽ֿܣ΢ƺòŽ͵ͨģ˵ԼϵһŮƤҲʮԭϵûǰ֮ˣ뵽΢ûԷĻǻȻ򣬵˵ǰһ˵֮Ҳ˫Լװ۵ҲˣԼʲôƤԼ飬ΪʲôһŮƤ
һ˵⻰Ǳȵβ͵èһ㷢ŭˣŤ΢˵˭װˣ
΢϶ŮƤװۣǰ˵вУɡ㿴ңвŮŮģͷһһͷҲС
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΢һҲ֪٣ƭˣһЩ޼ƿʩ룬뿪ˣݣĿľϲԼ
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΢˼ʱǱȴҧ촽ɫ粻ƺҲڿ顣ҲǿǺ֮󣬲̾˿ֻԼˣѵ⡣
ٿ΢²ŽһƤջǸţƤУȻʰ߰ɣ
һ֮ʯһջУ΢ͨ΢ִװŮƤټ΢ӱԿȥͬŮװһ㡣һŮװ磬Ů˫ջڲʱʱȥһۣ¶Ľ֮ɫ
һ·ûô˵΢ҲֳĬ΢ˣԼ춥ɽûֶԱ
˵΢뵽˷ӡ
Ȼɵ͹ƽɽЧãʦǲǿԣ΢ϸһ֪ԲʦǱī飬õĻƽɽɽ飬ȻãʦӦҲһ
ֻλԪ浤ˡ
궼һ΢ҲϤ˺ֵܶ࣬ǣ˶ûлѯʶԷ΢֪ԲʣºܿΪԸ΢ƺΪǰֱӽ΢㡯
ʯƥ˸·һƬɳĮ֮أһֽ֮ء̤֮΢ȻϡԽǰԽˣȵ΢ԿԶһ޴ޱȵɽѾȫӦ˿
ûһȫ΢ɵ͹Ϊѹƣһ£Ѿǲʩչκεľ޷ȡ΢ûʧЧ
֮ͬأԱʬ˵ģжģ޵ģе˺ܾãͷˣеǸûãѪδɡ
Ů⣬ܲ˵ǣȻ׶ɽ·٣ڣЩСëֵһᡣ
һɱһˣ˶ᱻܣһ·࣬ڶ˺ܶ࣬Ͼһʮʮ٣֪Ůϲǡ˵ֻûϢͳզ˻ᶯ֣˵죬΢£ӡ
Ԫ浤֣ߵУǶڡ
ڣ΢˵ƽɽ¡
ѾۼߣȺһǰȦ˵ı΢УЩ߾ۼ֮ڼⶼԿѪֱԽɫȾ졣
һƬɳĮ֮أ˿̳ѪǴɷκιֶҿ


ڶʮ һ
֣ɵʿ޷̤ĵطֻ߿Էӳʵ
ֵطȷߵá
ƽɽÿοд߸ɽ£ǵо󲿷ֶûнƽɽ뺯ȴ֪Ϊʲô𣿡һ䡣
һ·ϣ˵˵ҲʺʽģȤǣʵЩ⣬΢һֻ˵֪Ȼ̣һôԵĵ⣬Ȼ΢
΢ҡͷ¹Ȼһ˿֮ɫȻŵഫѧ֮Դƽɽ˴ǿٵصһλĵطƽɽб֣ѧеǾѧҲһЩɽ򣬶ٻãһЩͨ似ͳѣЩ߶չѧģȻҲ˻ǿҿԿ϶һɽ̻ᱻ˶ϡ
΢ͷ⻹˵˼ôоŻԼ
ط΢ɵ͹ΪʩչҲκֱͺͨһⲻŻԼʲô
΢ֵʮֵϾݺΪǰȷǽ̵似ǰʱǰ΢κһݶѹԷ
ոµĻ΢õľǹƽɽϵġ䱮֡
ڴԪȱٸ߼УôȨп浤硣
ԪʵԻǣϵһΡֻǰȨԪ浤磬΢Ҳ˴ԪҲǶԵԪӵˡ
΢֪ԼһӴڴԪǳɣȻɽ磬ôԪܹҪ΢βŻðƽɽŪһЩѧȥɡ
ƽɽ峿ͻῪʱ뺯ɽǾɽϢһҹ˵һ䣬˱ҵһطϢ
Ԫ浤ԣ΢ȻǷģȻ࣬ܵеùµȴһûУ΢ġ
ûɵ͹Ϊ鴮ǸԪҲţûκζ΢ЩӦʱ΢ŷ֣Լûɵ͹ΪʵϺͨûʲôҲʱͨǿһЩǺЩʿǲ˺ܶࡣ
ƽɽ°ȣҹȴǺޱȣټϼ·΢ûΪĺܴ󣬴˿̾ȻһֱӿһԵĿľ˯ˡ
һԣ΢ĶЦСߣСӿ˵˳ϣʩչֶҲԶɵ͹ǰǿᣬܴ߶׵磬ξ죬޵Ǳ֮ףûɵΪԳԿͷ
˿µõˣһŮ̬
΢Ȼöģ˯ˣԿҲΪˣ²ŻὫƽαװж¡
СҲ湻ģҴαװƤұ壬ժƤ¶òȴǾݣңǳʦ֮⣬һòˡָѣȥһգһЦǷ羰ȴע⣬һҵطҵƫƧΧûʲôˣ߶ڼɿ⣬˿ѾҹЩߴڴϢ˭֪ƽɽʱȻһ
һԭ΢Ů˵Ƥʮֿټϸӿ£Ůһ·ôܲע⣿
ʵϣвɻǣҲֹһ
Ϊˣͷһǽ뵽ɳĮŻôͼ죬״򷢡
ôɵҲ֪ŮǣΪնɱһԪߣ˵ΪԶԶԪ֮ϣǺܾܿ浤ĸ֡
֣˭˲Żǡ
Ȥ£ϻֵ
ҹ˾
΢Ѿ˯غڣɵΪѹƣȷͨ˲࣬¾һԴ
ڴ˿̣ΧӰ߶¶а֮ɫ׳ĸ߹ĶºһԺ˯΢´ƺ۾Կ·һ
λСⳤҹ˯ߣʵȤǲһ棬ʱ䣬ΣһǺӵĺЦ˵⼸ҲһЦţ⼸ʵҶűôôǺˡ
ºε۾һԺ˯΢ȻһȥȥߣҪϢ
ϺǣǴһ˺ֵܼ棿ԲӿЦȴ֪һ˿ɱ⡣
У⼸ӸΪ壬־ܴ򷢡
֪ôģ΢Ϣʵϣһ·ܶ鶼Ը顣
ͬ΢ͬУ;ԼΪʲôҪô
и΢ݣײԼݣԼȴûɱ
²֪Ϊʲô֪ͦϲ˵³СӣΪԼ
ߵʮ⣬¾òˣպãһѾֱҪ˵
Ҫ˵һԪ浤֣
ԽǸĺܲңָӰǺؿһ㣬Ǻؿھػȥһ飬һѪ
һ仰û˵ֱӵر
ɵʿɱ˲գۣɱҲ
⼸׳һǽŻӶɱЩʵߵҲԪƬ֮²մѪͽЩȫɱ˵һڶû
ʱ¿ԶӰһΪмǿһϳӰһֱҪҵľʦ㡣
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뵽ҧҧ׷˹ȥ
΢ɵĺ˯˿֪Լܿסȥ
΢Դɵ͹Ѿ˯ΪҹҲҪϣΪæµ
㲻ȥҲڴԪڴ
ȴ⼸ͷһ˯ô㣬һΣȵ΢˯ѣ۾ŷѾ峿ֻ¶߽߱ǣҹɫѾˡ
΢ʶҪɵֻܿ췢֣ԼĹΪתںδ
һ˯㰡΢̾һ䣬˿ȥʵһһ˸˯ѵӣҲȷޱȡ
ܿ죬΢ͷһܴ⡣
²ˡ


ڶʮ ƽȮ
΢һûпµӰ
һʼ΢ţƬûȵ˳֣΢ˡ
ʵǲܲţΧв¶а֮ɫ׳ߣ΢ֻͨǿһЩԲЩͽĶ֡
΢ǰףҲˣƫƫ¸һ
Ͼ٣һţ΢ܿƽΪԶʬ壬ӣǱһɱ
⸽͵ģҲֻ£Ҳ˵ЩɱģпܾЩͻȻ͵Ϯɱ
Ȳȥ˺δ⼸ʬһ壬ΧЩ߶ɵɱô˵ߣǷ֮Ϊ£ҲԼ
Լ˯ʱҲû˸ɧšϾǳ֮ƣʱ䳤ˣʲô鶼пܷġ
΢ҵ˼£ߵǼʬԿ˿΢۹⻹еģЩʬϿɱֵĵȷ¡
΢޴ȻǬ޷ӵȡЩʬвٶ΢һ߶೤һѶ̽ŸоЩȫСѽǷûмʯҲûֻͨõĶǰ΢΢ʩչһЩֶΣͿԽַۣڣȴҪ
֪Ͳˣ΢ûеȵ·أѾֱ³΢εǻۣȻ½Ӵʱ䲻ȴ֪ԷԶ֮ˣûԭԼȥ
ǿ϶ʲô鷢
Լ֪ԼɵΪ޷ʩչ£Ǿֻ˵ԭǴܿ
ûл
΢Ʋ⵽鷳һǾˣҪˣ߱ץˣȻܲ
΢˵Ǻ£֮˵ΣأԼҪ뿪Ҳ߲·ͻᱻ˸ɵ
Σա
΢µʧɺϣһԪ浤ĸֻزǱмǿ
һʱ䣬΢뵽Ǹնʦ㾲С
£ǺйϵԷ󣬻ʲô⼸ϵһ΢ͺ޲ԼԼһ¡
ˡ
ӣԷ׼Լµûµʧĺ;кйϵԼҲΣˡ
뵽΢뿪ͬʱһʬ·߳ȥƵʯ棬΢Ƶ·ϣͷ棬Ȼ͵͵߳Ⱥ
ʱ΢һˣһɷʵǿߣΪԪ浤֡
һڸֱո΢˯ĵط΢һͰң֪¾ץԼġ
ԷԪ浤ĸ֣ʵѾԺɨһˣֲûл
΢Ȼ£ڻԱҪ
΢Ҳҿ֣ûȺƽɽ񱼶ȥԶԷʵԼȺҲܿ챻ҳܸ·ӣΨһİ취ƽɽ
ϣƽɽϣƴ򶷡
˿ƽɽճ˿̴ҲӰǴųۣƲߡ
⼸ͷɫһöɫ浤ʣȻȫԪ浤֡
һ׷ߣͷ浤ɫɢǿƣ΢۲ֻܸ߲ܿܵ򵥡΢ȴֹ֪򵥣ͷѾ浤ĵڶأҲǡ浤ľ硣
ϵƣɵĿ󾳵ʿҪǿֱȹİҲ˶٣΢Կ϶⡮浤ߺͰս磬ȻӮ
Ѿɷ֮ѪԳɢȪ֮µĹˡ
ʿȻǿֵز
΢ʣԼΪڣƾСΪҲߵĵ֣Էжס
ʿƽ΢߽߲֪ǿ˶ٱ
˵ƽɽػߣʣЩͷǡ΢ӿٶȣԷȥƽɽӦѾֻҪȥӦþͿա
ʱ΢ҲŤͷһ֮ǰǰɷ׷ȻʶԼαװ
ǽ΢ܵĸ죬ֻ΢ܿͱߵķ֣ڸܲ죬ûзţûسɴĵûһͨˡ
Щߺܿ׷΢
һȺ뺷һͲǺ˵ߣ׷һʧɫŮ˭˭һĿȻ
ΧߵУҲԭ˹ĸ֣˿̼״Ҳ̲סҪȣӢ۾
бмֳֳۣſӹҪǼߡ
ס֣컯գǬɵǲҵԭ˹½ŵĵӣȻ
⼸ſȷЩеģΪ̫ҲԪû˵꣬ͱǰһԪ浤ĸйͷɼΡ
һʱѪɽ

Զһͬŵ۵ߴŭɱСҲԪ浤Ϊ˿ǰҪ֡
ߣЩ׺Դɱ䣬Ԫ浤ߣЩ鷳ˡ
ôһļɵ
һͷ߱¹ͷϵʿǲٹ
ܲ
΢ǰţϵᷢ쭣ȴϵһ֣¶ɫԥһ£ȻûǼߡ
ΧһЩԭҪ򱧲ƽһҲɢٶ¡
ڴ˿΢ѾܵǼ߽ǰʮɵĵطȴǴӻȡ뺯׼ͻȻоһɴϮ
Ϊڣ΢аֶοɻ⣬ڣ΢ֻüܿҪ͸оĴʹֱӱɳȥһת΢Ѫˤʮ⡣
һ´ļݣͨˣͱˡ΢ϾɵʿȻûΪǿҲͨ࣬Ҫǣ΢´һףֵ˴󲿷΢ûֱӱ
΢һߣ֫ǣ΢ɾ͸һƣһ׹ӡɳ΢ڵء
һҲ΢ƽɽ̨ףΪһƴ΢ȴ΢û£ɫߣ㽫ֵһֱնҽձɱ㣡
˵һԾ𣬴΢һɱ
΢ˣԼˣûΪôֵԷԪ浤֣ոһѾǽԼ׻飬һ£Լ
΢ۣŮƤһ˿֮ɫ˹֮ݡ
Ҫ΢ϵʱͻȻƽɽǼ֮ףҲΪﵽ浤ڶغ浤һģͼӡɳϰٵӡֱˡ


ڶʮһ 
浤֣
߱ۻһӡˣ¶ŨŨļɵ֮ɫٿҲûм°ɣҲǽ浤ʿףһب£ɱ㣬סǰòҪҶ֡
֪УҶԷһ½г䣬֪ͷǣֻǹһ񣬺˼
ǰѵǣֻɱˣֵһֱۣ²ܾʹա߶΢ͬһߡ
ͷָָµɽʯ׵뺯ˣ̤ƽɽУûУУҲɽȥƽɽʥ֮ϣҲɱ¾
⻰˵ѾˣǾ̤ƽɽ֣ܵܶ˭
ҧгݣȴ޼ƿʩ˶࣬治طҰ
ʱԶһ
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˿һɫһƯƷŮӷΣͷΣǾףһĵ
ûƺж
֮ǰ׷ɱ΢Щ߼⺺ǰΧһҲĿ¶֮ɫ
һƬ֮أССҲϰٸԳΪģȴֻǰһ
ν˵Ӱ˵ߣʶĺһΪ˭֪ʮ֮ǰѾԪ浤ˣңɱ˲գۣ˸˺µǣκһϰ˵Ҳºһκ˳ͻɱһ£Ĵɱһʣ
ʱ˵ʬҰѪɺӣһսֱӵ춨ĵλ
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Уﵽ浤Ѿ֮٣浤ǿһѿԽƿʵҲر
浤ÿһҲ죬ͬԪ߲ܵеùԪ浤һԪ浤ߣҲǺ浤ߵĶ֡
벽ѾѹͨԪ浤ˣΪˣ˲ſԺ
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ǰ˵ǣһЦֵ˷بƽɽֻΪ˽£ɱҵֵܣȻһԼ£ᴥƽɽĹأǰġ
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һȻûзһԵľеüɤЦ޴Сӣʲô۳ҽʮ֣֪⾲ʦòŶͺ˵˵
΢һ㶣һʱûʲô˼
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ɨһੲݵľУû˿ǿһҧҧ촽һبҪȢңҴӦ㣬ҲҪӦ
Һ˽ŭ˵꣬ͱǰبһƴɳȥ
룬УҲҹܣبּݣһƾͽдպףŵĹؿͷƲҡ
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½Ȼ̧ͷһУŹСɵʿΪǿȻпɽɱСǻ
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Σب¶ԥ֮ɫһɵʿҪ֪ЩɵʿûһǧҲа˰٣һЩΪɵʿɲĶ֣ǣɵԾ塣


ڶʮ ֪˭
بۡⶫɲͨҩðҩƵʥ۶صˣһҩȥȬ
ΪЧԲ󣬼Ҳֻм
µ˵棬ȻֵôСңǿµòҪȢţǳСЦ
بЦӻȡһʯƿȻӵеһҩ£ҩ磬֮˾һ
ҩһҪǰȡȴبȭһյ˶һɵʿͳĵʦΣֻҪûñΣ˶󣬱ӦǲϧԣӦ㣬˱ĶҪسŵҿԲɱСӣҲԼ
䣬˵ͷبſƣȡߵҩ
ʯ׷ȥبк߽һԪ浤ĸ֡
ͼ»ߵʯǰһͣ½Ųǰһ߲Խ΢ǰʯϡ
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΢ðһɲõͷ
ʶôãһ֪ʲô֣¶΢˿ʳôһ仰
΢εǣһӶµ˼
ǴҪƴˡ
΢żҲֻ˿΢
΢ü΢壬оʮֶ죬һ̣ƺʲôɫ৵һ£ĲҰס
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꣬ʮ꣬ʦϰΪʼѣʮ꣬ѾԪߣѾӵ߽ıǮɽһꡣ
µʦ֪ȴǸּ֣ͨգоͰ֮
Ȼֻʮ꣬Ѿ¶绪֮ɫȻǲ߽ģƤװ磬һã߽似
ɽһ£͵΢סĴӣںͬ庢ͯţƤʱֻ΢
ʱ΢֪ԼܻɽȻƳɵԺС˵ҲɵΣⲻ֪ȴΨҲʮͣ͵͵΢Ҫ֪ߵغҰС֪ʲôˡ
ԵʱµΪǸټ΢΢Ҳ֪
֮¾֪΢Ȼĸ˫һСһΪ˵ˮһеһУ΢ڳе
׵΢ȴһԵһеӺ͡ʺ׵ͬףûб΢¡
ȣټҲСԣȻʮͬһãԣĳǰ˵ݳ֣˵Ҫõͽܡ
Ϊã԰ﵽ
Ҳ΢ͽܣ֪ôģԼͽܡ
Ϊʦ˵ʦͽ縸ӣ뵱ʦΪѡ
ǣԱߵֽ®סһʱ䣬˵ǽ似ֺγ΢Ϧദ
˺˵ֻԶԶ¶ú㡣
ʮŮȴΪһС꣬ǲеһĻ䡣Ǹк֪Ϊֻһá
һ꣬ܿ֡
ֻһɽʱٽ±Ҫʦţ˵һ˷һɽĻᣬûκջΪһû˿ڡ
ʱ᲻Լ̵ͽ᲻һĵ΢ʴߣֻҪӦͿ˳ƽ΢ҲߣʦţʦΪͽ
ϣҲ֮ͨټѾһʱգֻܷʦš
ȴû뵽һ𣬽ȴûټ֮ա
صʦűչֻǵڶʦžͻʣ֮һȥȻһξʮȥ
ֻ˭뵽ƹ۾Լ꣬Ȼǵ΢
Ǹʮʱ򣬾Ϊ֮ĵҰꡣ
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ЦˣȻл΢ֻΨһźǣ֪Լ⣬֪Ƥ棬ǸκŮ
ܾȴ㹻ˡ
뵽û˵ֻ΢һۣȻȻ׼ת뿪
΢ɵ£ȴǼæһ£죬ȥ㣬ڴ֮ǰǧҪɵ¡
΢΢һ㶣΢ȻĴ㡣
ûΪ鲻Ϊȫˣ޸ǸԸȥֻѨ⣬ΪʩչͨһȻôˣһҵķ
ո΢Ļһůáͷɨ΢һۣûɵΪҾָɵΪҲ˵Ķ֣Ѿǰ벽浤㲻Ƕ֣ʡʡɣȥ
˵꣬ͷҲص߿ֻΪ΢ûп۽ǵ飬ʵ΢ۣĺС
΢ʮ꣬Ϊ˵ǣȻһŮΪʲôϾһ΢ҲǷӣŮ֮Ѳ£ҪŪѡ
뵽ʵֻͲʮĹԼܾ֮ǰļ䣬ܶǰ׵飬΢ˡ
꣬Ǹ̵书ȴҪ͵͵ԼǸּӱżǸԵԼķ˵ллȻһԸǸÿԼ۸ɽΣնֵԭǱĵãֻһԼ˼꣬ϲԼɵѾͷ
Ѿ߳ʮӰ΢ؿڱһŭһŭ֮󣬵˲òйĵزͼ΢һҧȻ̵ģӵŮˣʲôƨľһѹʺҲʲôˣ͸ң֪˭𣿡
ⷬ΢˻ģһɵסһɷɷΧ߶һʶ˺һ
ͣ½Ųһţبߵ£Ӧǳ΢ʹǼƽɽߵţ̾ȥɱˡ
еʱһЦðԭСҲʡ͵ĵƣȻСӹһ𣬲⵹ãﲻɳӣһҪ޹ȥӦǲˡ
ٿبɫŭȴǹЦãСӵҲ֣˵ôǱʣ˭
ΧҲһƬЦ
΢ΪһһǵĹˣǵŴԪŶ˾Ʒ΢Ųţҷַ⹷ƨ


ڶʮ ̤
ǵţ
٣
ݵȷ൱ˣ֮صߣȻҲ֪ʿֶΣ֪Ŀֲ
ôܣ
ţ٣ô֮ܵأ
ûţǼƽɽҲǲš
СӣҲ·ͷȻԼǾ͹ֲң֮󣬱Ҫ˭˭ب΢Ļŭˣ˵ֱ꣬ӳ·ԸСһɽ͸ҶֽţץңסҪġ
Ԫ浤ߣ˿̶Цŵͷ˷ģСΪԼ˭˵ִ󻰣ʱǾͽֽŶ飬֪˵ĺ
΢Щ˵ĳЦ˵ǷһŭҪ£ɵΣ֮Լɽ˵Ҳ΢ʱһսڣ΢ҲòϣԼûл֮
һǣ΢ûк˵˵ڳߣвԭ˹ģ΢ûһ֪ԼҲӦţֻҪ֪ԼϢпܻᴫݳȥֻҪС˵ϢȻͨ˾ʱԼ˺Ԯ
΢ǶŭǽҲҪ
³ɲ΢ܱ֤΢ץʱ䡣˿һԶ£Ҳڿ΢˼΢Ҳ֪ٺƴ٣ڲᡣ
͹ˡ
ң΢˵֣ҧתʯȥ
΢ûѡ֮أɵΪɲκóҾҪԼҲˣȻ΢ͽͼеİųһޣǵв浤ʿҲһս֮ڡ
΢ֻһ·ߣǾ
ңֻʱ䡣
ʯף΢ˣƣ֮ǰҲֻӲţ˿̻ͷȥɽѾкԶˣҲͬһ㡣
΢һԵУһƫƧĵط£Ȼ¸ĵҩȡ
΢ԵҩҲоһöһ£֪Ǻö΢ԥһöҩ£Ʊ뻺ͣ첻Լ¾Ҫ˶Ҳɢˡ
ò˵ǰǺö΢Ƭ̾ͻһůĴ˵ĵطֹ̾ʹƾȻǿ޸
뵽£΢ЩۣͬʱҲһЦԼڼ˫ȻһҶĿûпµı塣Ϊһãȴû뵽һ·Լ·ǸŮ£ûκαװչ¶Եֲãĺܶٶôɡ͡С
ԼµȷֻһСѾͷѡ
ֻȴǳе˺ܶ飬㵽ҲűסԼһ˵Ҫʦ佻Լ
ûйԼԼܷܡ
ԣΪ£΢ҲҪ
ĹЧڳ΢ǰ֮ǰ̸ĿھȻ΢˵˵˿ھ˵˲ֹһ飬΢Ѿ
˿̰ھȻǸоˮɣ˵˳ޱȡ
Ͼ΢ɵʿеڣѨѾԣЩطҪѨһȻǸоչѸ١
ͨ˳ǴҪʱ䣬ϿѨҲʱ䣬еʲѣҪʱ䡣Щ΢˵⣬Ѿҵ֮ļޱȣѨǸ˵Ѿͨ˴⡣
Ȼֻˣ΢ҲֻǱѰٶȿˣϾãҪ۲ſɾͣκε;һһ͡΢ȴǻһǾ֮ǰԪ浤ȫһһ´Ѫɱƻʮ㣬ʱѾ̤ؾ΢ֵסһλͬԪ浤ĸִɫкƽ֮ǰǵѪ΢γɰͼƺ⣬¾΢ǰոɽԪ浤ΪãΪͻǣԿԳʮ֡
ֻ֮ǰ΢Ĳڣƣ΢ֻû뵽һӾͳУᵽ
΢֪¸ĿھҲһʦķھҲ£κһߣܽȶķھ߱ˡ
΢һʼ֪ھԪ浤ߴȻѨһ΢֪̾ھ򵥡
΢Ҳмʶˣʶھתһ֮ԼȻ̤νһ㡮һԪľ硣
ٶȣ˵ǰ޹ˣִǰֱӹඥû˭ܿ΢˹һ죬һˣ̤һ㣬ٶȣû˭ˡ
΢ͣ£ת½ķھ
ھ֮Ķ⣬΢ԼߣҪǣ΢Ϊˣ֪䣬ܶೣ˾޷⣬޷Ķ΢Сһ
΢˳תڶ죬ֲǣΪȻҲ֮ĵڶءԪ硣
΢뵽ڶؾ֮ԭѾڵҩֶ³׻ָԪ浤ֻɶѡ
ǣ΢
תʱ΢ءԪľ磬Ȼ磬΢ٶȼ࣬ǱȱҪ̫ࡣǾţҪ磬ҲҪһꡣ
˿̣΢ûֹͣǼǰͼϵͬʱٴתھ
ʱ΢۾һתʮ죬ΪءԪľ硣
֪Ȼ̶ʱ΢ʹһ׳գ꣬ʮ߹·̣һмߵĲΡ
ǰͼ΢ҲѾ˳ɡ
Ȼʣµǲ΢ͻƵԪľ磬΢ͣҪϵƽɽϣѰһԵ
Ȼʥأ΢Ҫʥ
֮΢ͻȻиӦŤͷһߣ
£һһ߳һʼ΢ΪǵˣѾ̽׼ɱȴڼ⣬΢
ɽѧǨִˣ
˲壬ģʹŶԭ˹Ĵ磬Ӧһˡ
˺ðΪֻҪǶˣû˭֪΢ģʵ΢̫һɽ춨ҵĵλȻûбʥ󣬵ȴ֮˵ɳʥԺͯʥΪ¶˴̳ʥ֮λ


ڶʮ 䱮֣һ
ڶ˵΢ѾǺ˵΢٣ݣеλĲɡ
ɽ΢֪λԹһԺʮ˹ʥԺҪãɽԹſǳֹһʥ
΢ϵϺõҦʥǳɽ
΢Ҳû̷ɾ裬ɰŽʵʶң
æѧ˵֣˱׫ɽѧͷΪ䣬Ǵлࡣ
Ǩ˵ĺܳϿң΢һԷ֪ɽ֪Ӧû
ӣ㲻ɣ΢ָָԼŮ࣬Էܲɣ˵Լ΢Էôš
΢ҲĲˣǨһ΢ЩֱӣȴǼæֵǸˣıòС£ȻȻֵ
Ȼ΢һߣֳߵصǣĽܵġ
⵹ãʡ΢ͣҪôô˵ǶأǱЩмʶö࣬һЩ飬ǿԼͨ
һԿʲô΢ʳؼǨôش
ˣĳͻѧȫ˴ƽɽԲǽ֮أΪʩչȴѧܷβܣаŮԣѧѾҼλ֪ǬЩһ졣Ǩһ˵
΢ʲôˣ
ٳɵʿƽ򽻵ĶһЩϼ޻֮ǨȻһɫ֮£΢ҪɵĿģԼĻ׳棬ֻ˵ǨһͬʱҰ֮ˡ
˵ԷԼݣ⣬ǰĿĵġ
΢ۣȻóǨҲһߣΪԼ൱Ԫľ硣֮ǰ΢ɵھ൱΢¶ԷˣֶΣ΢ԷȻҰģҲûж⡣
ԣ΢һ룬ʵ뵱٣
ǨԼ£Ȼ΢ֱʳ΢뵽ģҲһ㡣
ǾǶԷҪ١
Ķ΢ˣΨһ㣬Ǻܶ˶Ȳ˵ģԼ˾٣ɳУϵɳµ˹٣йϵ
ȻǨһһ㶣û뵽΢˼УƤҲֱӵͷӢѧ٣Թɹٴ֮ѧ֪֮ɹ٣ԼϣΪ˷ǡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹûһ˿һԥ
΢ҲǼģûмƤô񣬶Ŀôȷһ㶼ûв˼ˡ
ˣ΢ϲΪǹֱӣõΪǻԥһ᲻ۿ۵ִ´κ
ܶԴֻˣ£
΢ȷҪˣΪ٣ЩҪͬЩ飬ϲ̨棬Ǩˣʺ顣
˿΢΢΢һЦ˿ǧĵŮֱ࣬Ǩ۷ֱĿ࣬΢ŷӦæҲӦء
˲̴Ӧ֪˴˷鷳ֻѧǴ˾ѧõĻ˳ģѧҲһʼͳΪƷ٣ֻҲɡǨܻ˵Ըǵٵϡ
΢ʵֻ̽һ¶ԷǨشĺ⡣
ãҾ͸ᣬûзӷųϢö֪˵΢ҪһƬؽ磬סʧ΢˺ݣЩŭˣһΣҲҪô
΢ѾǽʱͬգЩ飬Ҫùߡȥˣ΢Ǽ˾٣˵ֱһ㣬΢ŶеĹţǺεȵȨƣ
Ĳ˵ֻҪһɷųȥȻȥĻΪЩûһͽԼ
ǵٵĺô
΢ֻһʿΪȲģȻԽѹǿΪߵĵô죿
ǾҪùƣȻ΢ϲôΣôǺܿ𣿲ҪΪҪӭȢ£̵ģν
ã΢ͽ̵һȫ𣬵ʱ򣬿㻹ûԳ
΢׺סǨ˿ĭæͷ˷ģѧ֪ô
ɣ΢öԷȻƽɽ飬Ͼ飬˭˵׼ϢܴȥȥôĹҲܵ
΢еĶ΢ѲˣҲѣ΢ȻҪһҲҪá
ǨȻ뿪һȥţʱͻ
ƽɽǨ֪Ҳܶ࣬΢ϸʣһ·΢ɽһ·֪Ľ
ഫƽɽʯϹŵһλһŰپʮŸֳ֣ÿһʯϣһѧ䣬ȻиеͣҪ򲢲ףΪѧ䲢ʯϿ¼ҪӴʯвԵ֮ԵǾûʲô˵ˡǨ˵΢˵ͷЩ˵֮ǰҲ˵
ӵ뺯ˣƽɽգѧһ˵ʱܲһѧ֮ˣʵϣÿƽɽܲѧߣɣеãıǵͼ似ǱǰһˡǨ˵Ȼ֮ǰܶ๦εġ
һ·ߣһ·˵·ҲһЩɽߣ΢ҪôǲмЦҪôǱܶԶ֮΢Ҳ벻⣬֮΢˲ϵɽ
ɽ΢֪Ϊƽɽ
ɽֱͬһ͵׮һ·˸пһ¶һߵƽɽ
ΪˣŽƽɽ
ǰ棬һƬʯԶһȻͬʯһ㣬ÿһʯһɶߣͨڣͬᾧ֮ʯ
˿Ѿвһʱܹȥѡʯ
ʯÿһȥ޼ǴС״ʲô˵ʵÿһʯһΪͬһʯͬĹ似΢¶ɻ֮ɫһǨæ˵
΢ͷʱ򣬿ǰһž޽׳һʯϣĿ
ó׳Ѿã΢֮ǰڰɽ˽ʱЩӦѾʱͼ׳һȻһ
Ƭ֮ƣһ䣬һʯ
ͬģвˣȻҲصģͬǰһ׷ϵϥһʯԱߣһ鱮ʯϣһͬ붨
ֻҪűԣ΢һ䣬Ǩͷǣܸ似߲࣬ҲܲȻã򲻳Ҳûʲô
Բ԰ȻΪ˲򹦷似Ȼʲô΢˵Ȼʱޣ֮ڣ뾡ܵĽΪ֮ɽζԸˡ


ڶʮ 䱮֣
΢˵֮ƽɽ»һ׶ǵϢݳȥɵʿ͹Ҳ̤֮أվҪԼ
΢̤أ΢ģ֮΢ܴһ漣
ڰͼϵʣɣȴǲ֧΢΢ȻصΪȴ似ӲȻҪ˵΢һ㶼ǼٵģԪУ˲õ似
΢ûôھʽǼǵãɽһ֮ͣҪɾУѣ
Ȼû似ǿԡ
䱮ֺܴ󣬾ŰپʮŸʯҲ㹻Щ߲򣬶ʵϣɽߣҲٶ
ʱһЦ˳˹ֵλϵƽɽұ㶼Ե֮ˣᯱλһвѧԸۣңУλҪд֤似Ҳĳ
˻Ӧ˲
΢ɨһۣм˿ԼĿ׺ݵ⣬һǨƽɽϣǽֹȶ𣿡
ǽƱȶǲɱˣһȶд軹ǲƵģˣǱߵİߣάִ˴ػߣһǾΧɡǨʮֻ飬ǿ⡣
΢ͷǼԼеߣӦҲˡ
ڰ߸ȻҪȫ
ܿ죬ڶ߶Ӧҵʯվʼ΢Ҳߵһʯϸ۲һЩʯȷЩŹֻ֣ܿһŹǨҲԱ߲΢һǰʯ
ܲ似ֻɣҲ˵Ҳֻʮջ񣬿ҪȷǺѵ顣΢ʯϵ˲䣬΢˵
һ֣΢һ⾹Ȼһڹķ
΢㶣䱮ֲ򹦷Ǻ
ʮУа˸ڶһ΢Ѿ׼û뵽ոտʼ򣬾ڹķ
ô򵥰ɣ
΢˵
һһУ΢ǰԼ£Ҳǿ츳һ˵䱮ֲѧǲˣҲֻ˵һ飬ûмסǾǺ似ʧ֮ۡ
һ΢ҪɵʿȺڣԽɽĹĵ伮ҲǸ˾Ųʮǿ䣬ԿĿ
ڤڤ֮һһƪȥ֮Ĺг
еߣǼȺҲҪѵԣܽõѧУȻҲЩԵǳ֮ˣȻһֲļⲻеİ壬Ҳǰ׷ѡ
һϣ΢ܵС
ƪ֮̾ͿʼչתڵΧ߶뷽跨򹦷ʱ΢Ѿʼˡ
΢ǰûڹɵʿкܶ࣬Ƚ϶ԣҪף磬ֻҪкĺ͹ȻԴɣѵ浤ɵŵľͽܶ಻ʺɵ˵⡣
ȻɵҪҲж֮΢ŵʯĹһš
У΢֪ڹѹص㣬ǿʳΪá
һؾ磬أɽֻһգУһżΪ͵Ĺ
΢ϲ
ѹֱΪڵ΢ƵĹΪãһ΢˷ܵĲˡȻ΢ҲŹǿ󣬵ʵҲб׶ˣֻԻΪ̺ȻʵǿվḯʴԼԼ
ķ΢β֪
ɾڣڻͼԪ浤γɵĶ°Լγɵƽ⣬ٶֻҪǿȲ浤ֵĵȼͿάƽ⣬Լ
Ȼ΢ֻܶ浤µ߶֣ǳ⡣
ƽɽϣǼߣΪߵҲֻԪ΢ֱһȺȦķ
񹦴֮ǰ΢Ȼǲܱ¶˼϶ǻᱻȺ֮
ǣ΢ϲȴǵ͵һѹߵĵأԼʵͬʱǿ
΢ʼĿ
Χߣɻܲܲ򹦷еѾǻ˺üʯһ񣬵ȻҲЩдԵߣڼ˼ʱ֮ȴһţ¹ھʼ͵͵
һֱһڣ߲ſʼϢۼһۣʱе߱Ҫд衣
ƽɽд裬ܶõУҪôֶԵУҪô֦УȻҲһЩˣֻҪûϵЩҲܡ
£мɫ׶Ŀ߻һۣȻһ΢ķ
վסǼҪʲô΢ԱߵǨ˿̿ѵ
Сӣûϵ鷳һͷֱͬʯ˵ǨȻҲҰģϾΪߣ˿ҲЩӡ΢һԣֻӲͷƤˣƽɽʲô飬˳ͽǡ
Ǩ˵ȻЩߡ
ǼһҲʶĿһԱ߲ԶİߣЦһ
ֻдգкβɣһ׳Ц־𴲡
Ǩᣬ޼ƿʩЩ˲ɧţܲѧʱ䣬Ҳ˷ѣڱǴˣǸѩϼ˪
ʱȴ˵дȻԣ˭д裿
һ㶣ȥ˵΢
ִˣ⡭ǨЩż⼸߲ƣܴôߣǾĻʱ
޷΢ӵǰ漸׳ߣһ۾ͽ⼸˵Ϊ˸͸֮£⼸󺺾ͬû·Ůˣ΢ǿû˿صĶ
ǵΪж۵ס΢ˡѹѾڶ̶ʱ˵ڶأЩϵͬһȡ
Ψһ鷳ǣԼ似ΪһڹǶһЩ֣ǻԿ
ûϵǳöԷͻȻתѹȻЧŹҪĵطڣֻҪӴ㣬תɶԷ
ԣ΢Żôед֪ñ΢ƣȭţǿľһѹͿ΢ڲ֮ء


ڶʮ 
΢ƣǼ߶ЦµȻǺ㣬ôҲд裿
кβң˭΢ûǣ̣΢û¹˭
ǼһȻǻðɣһк룬׳߳СӣģҲɱ㣬ֻһһ첲ҺʴȰɣ
ϻ˵һҪأɣ΢ö˵һǨһǣ΢еܴûж˵ֻվһԡ
¾ڳһƬ΢ߡ
һд裬ΧۣҲ⣬ΧʮҲΧ֡΢ͳԿ٣Էһͷ룬֮⣬
пŵ߻һһܸ߾ߣָһȥԽһǧʯ顣
ϣС֪֪棬ߵļͬ鶼ڽһѪԱһվİҲͶĿ⣬һд裬ƽɽϲɱ¾ֻдգް˼̳֣֮ɱ
أǹأ˭ơ
΢վûʽȴǰһƷʽתɿǲ
΢һƵƣߴŭǼǰʽһǰƣͬţײֱӴȥһơ
΢״㲻ܣתѹһ̣ԷѾӡ΢ؿڣΧһҡͷ֪ʤѷ֣׳һȥʯ飬ϣ壬ҲԻˣ׳һӦûȫʩչֱӾʹˡ
ͬ̽кãǨһΧƺѾ΢ᱻһƴɳȥȻŻѪ
һ̣ͻȻת
΢ûбȥֻǱһȴ΢ؿڣٿ߸տʼһһȴͬ˹һ㣬¶˻Ӿȡ־ʹı顣
Ϊ֣һƴȥųʯ󺣲˵ȻҲܿƣڿٱߡ
飬ǰûзҪ֪ΪߣǺεҪɽʯʩչ似ͨѨλΪⶼҪڣȻǷ·ƿڵĵ̰һʼʧ
Уֲֿ£Ȼǽвһֻǵžֵ۾ƴֿ
΢ĸоǺͶԷȻ෴תѹ΢ΪҪסԷһƿ϶ҪһˣȴûûУԷȫѹգ֮⣬һζȡ˵ʵ̫ʹˣ΢͸оӿڣȻЩȫ뵽ͼУԭѾ˰˳ɵİͼ˿̾ȻֳԣȻҲֻǲ˲ɵֻһߣܶܽͼ㣬ʱԼԪ
΢һϲ֪δһĹ⡮ѹһޱȵ
˲֪ʲôֻ˱ǸԡƬ̣Ǹ߾Ȼͨһڵأ΢ţǱ飬Ȼġ
΢ΪƬ̣˵˸ɸɾֹͣת
ߺܸɴȥ
Ҳ΢֪ոǼתԽ˸ɡ
΢˺һ俴ˣʵ߱һʱ飬ֻȥ֮ǼﶼЩë
ô£
͸Ź죬ûг֣Ӳһƣû£˵ľȻǵֱ⡣
ǼΧҲһĪеΪڹϷ
ֻǱһ̿İһ˼˵ȡ˹Ĺа궼ûгˣˣȻڲһʱ˹ģţ
ǨǴкãΪ΢׳ƣȻ֪ʲô飬֪ʱӦʲô
˭΢һŵغϻŮƤŵĻƣҲǷǳˡ
ģ˵㾿ʲôаֵ˳ǲ˵ݹ顣һ׳
΢һ˵㰡ͷӿ񾫴ȸոձԼɵǸҪǿࡣ
΢ܲӮңҾ͸㣡
Ǵ󺺳ױŭ˫ȭһ΢žһͻʳֱӴ˹
ȭͷ֮󣬶΢ԴˣҹעǴУ΢ɡ
΢ҲȻ似ûԹ⻹ûܣ¾˫֣һлͣסԷһȭ
Ȼ΢ڴ֮ǰѾѹ˫Էȭͷ֮󣬾ǿޱȵԷȭͷס
λ׳Ҳͬĺ󳾣Ƭ֮ĿտҲҲһͷԵڵأ²֪
˿һĻǵһ̫аˣֻһУ򵥽֣ȻͿöֻԲѣ⾿ʲô
ʣ¼߼״Ҳٺ΢ԣղſǵǿһȻܣĪ΢֮ǰΪʵԪ浤ĸ֣
ǲǣڶԷ˵£ս
Ȼ޵ʣµûٽֻԵ֮ͬʾʲô
Ϣģ΢ûôˡ
ͷأѹʵ˲ãֱԳ֮ΪˣԽԽиоߣͼڵ䵽һ롣
ЩֱͦأԪľ硣
΢ܸˣȻôǲˣһӦء
΢ǰǼȻһģҿһϣȷ似ģɱ֪֡ˣ֪ôӣлҶ֣϶ǡģңովδսѾǺûʲôˣǼһϣ϶ԽҴſ£ϸ첲ȵʱ򻹲ǣȥ֮󣬻ͣƶá
΢һϵĺƵǲôôŤһ仰ǼߵߣǵȷˣĿҲȷҪ΢лᣬ΢ش֮ͻǰٴ׳
Ϊˣûʵǿĸ֣ΪЩ¶Ը΢㹻ˡ
Ȼû뵽΢֮̾˹һһ񹦼ı̬һɣ֮ͬڣԸһߣԲ΢Ķ֣ת̿ԽȡһգӴֻǸնսһһ
Щ߲֪΢΢һ仰ûа£Ǳǻ治ýʱȷûкùӳԡ
ڣǲҪԵһӵϣһᡣ


ڶʮ Ԫ
ˣ˷ѻᣬЩߣûһԼɵġ
ԣǺܸɴĵ΢õȦ嵱УʣµߣΧ΢
ǶˣҪһ˶սӮ˿ɱ˵۸һ׳Ц˵
û˵ģǾд裬ƴ΢˿壬ҲǳΧֵ˵Ȼ׳һҪԼеģ
һԵǨ̲סЦҲһףǳĴҲǶŭһҪСӴвɡ
˶һۣɢѰʱ׼ʱΧ۸ոд衣
ղСõĿ϶һַڹǶתƣƻľǰҲ˵ǱԼ˵ġһΪһеźʮֿ϶˵
ԣҾһֺҹ˵ȻԲŻֵ˵ȭơһ̷
ǶˣҿСö
ƨʲôС˼еġ
ʲôгôε𣿡
Щ˵˵ȥû˵ϣϣѾͬʱ˹
΢ָԵסԷһȭһƣǸߣ΢תǸо֮ǰֵܸܹġˬ
߶ֱ£뺰ֵֻܾĸоߡ
Ҳ΢ûأƬ֮ھͿɽǵ⣬ڣҪôʱ䡣
һҲ֮ǰֵһܸɴһͷʹȥȴΪ񹦵ԣͻᱻ񹦸ιȥ΢Źأȡͬʱɱ
Ϊֲĵط
΢֪Ҫ񹦣ǶڹƽɽϣҲܲѧУƷߵһࡣ⹦覴Ҳܴ˫нˣҲ˼΢Եɺ֮ȴԪ浤ײγ̫ͼкĳײͷɣ˵񹦣ֱΪ΢ġ
ߵ˸գ΢ڵ̫ͼѾǲн˳һҪٽһ˵ûκ⡣
ȫأ²֪΢ǣתһ룬ǽǨ΢˵ֻдգޣԱ֮ҼԲѣȻǣñ˽ϲȡߣǴˡ
һҲ¶֮ɫô˵˼Ʒû˵
ˣ΢űۼһߣһЩɻ󲻽Ǩ΢ûʲô͵Щ죬Ҿë
Ǩǲûѯʣʹȥ߲֪ǵˬӻں档
΢ȻΪߵѨ֮ǨǨϰʱȶʱ䶼ҪҳҲңúܶࡣ
΢ҪǨ˴ѨסһѹҲԶã⡣
֮΢ŷϥأʼͻơ
ʵʱȣ΢뾡Ϊ˯ʱ䶼ûУһ磬Ϣ΢ֹ񹦺½ڵķٽ̫ͼϵʼͻ硣
ҪﵽԪľ磬Ҫܸߣ΢֪Ԫڴ˿̾ﵽԪʿһȨһ
ʮϵʱ䣬ȨѾʮ꣬񣬵ҲֻԪľ磬أ⾰
΢ڣҪڼʱڴɣ˵;ǲܵ顣΢ΣҪܵɿܣ̵ľڹķԪ浤ɵ̫ͼ˿ȡ񹦣һγһѭ
һֻһԽкһȡΪ
˵㲻˼飬ʿʷдûгֹڣͷҹ֮󣬿ƽƽɽ
ճɨߵƲʣȻֻ¶ӣѾǳϼ죬Ŀ
΢˿̱Ŀؿһۿɼİɫ߰˳߾ɢ
һ̣΢ͷӿɼ̽ͷֱϣԡڳУ󻹲΢Ƥϸǵһ⡣
ϧ߶ûпֻвԶǸػ߰ע⵽Ťͷ΢
һ̣¶֮ɫɽʱ˲صΪһҹȥͳ˵أԪ
Ȼò˼飬ǽ΢ɾšֻϧ֪΢ɽʱʵϸͲߣֻڰɽʱ֪¾ͲֻǾˡ
΢ۣһҹûаƣΪĹɵܱģ΢ԣѪͱǰǿʮֹ
Ԫ̫֮ͼڵѾһգ̫ͼڣҲζ΢ԼԪ浤ߵк˵
ʱ䣬ȥһ죬΢ѾԪߡ
ʣµʱ䣬΢浤Ҳֻв浤磬ܶԿ
˵´˿Ҳ˹ǾֵķӶãжСҹ飬ҲһǾޱȣǺò׻ȻǱ΢ȡһգֶΣʵںš
˿ǶֱסѨֻ֪תڹ忪סѨҲ֮ߣĹ㲻ǶҲˡ¶ʼתڹҪ忪Ѩ
ǨҲӴѹߵĶҪǰֹȴ΢ס
תڹţ΢Ц˵Ǩԣȴ֪΢ҪתڹһźüȡǵΪá
߻ûŪ״
΢ۣóҪָһЩٵõȵˣûǣǨţʯܲܲʲô
΢˸ʯ档
ֱӾ͵õˡ񹦡㶥ȻаţҪǶȡʣ⹦ܸ߼
ΪѾã΢ûб̫ϣ˵ϵĹ似Ͼֻʱ䣬ܶߣڵ죬ܲ
ⲻڶ죬΢Ҳֻԣܳɾͳɣɣ΢Ҳ취


ڶʮ ̸֮ɫ
Ϊ˿Ϊ΢Ҳȥˣڷ񹦣΢ѾˣҪٶȫսһ飬ǽ˵飬Ӧÿһ浤
΢ڵõ֮Ĵ㣬ȻȻ׶˼󣬵ȴʧΪһ÷ӡ
ôڶ߱䣬⡣
΢һ룬һ߲ѧȻûһε΢˰նһֻڰʱ֣Ųһ似ǬơȻһ׺似ʩչӡɴ˷Ǭ˷ʤ似΢ǿҲʱȣ΢ڵ񹦾õĽ似΢ҲûҪֳƷ
Ȼ΢ʱȴǽƷҪԼǴشԪʡ
ȵ΢¼ƷҪ֮ɫҲΧҲһĲʼд裬ҲڶΨһǲûս΢΢ǵ˱ԾʹչȥȻ˼ұ֮󣬱ֱӹ书Ҳϡƽܲ似Ҳ˼ۣʵǺúƤ
ʱдӮ˵ǸҲһΪߣ߶ؾ棬΢ôһ䣬ֱӾըˡ
ߵ۾źŭС˵񣬲ҪԲѷǻ
ƨ΢ףʮֲţֵͷֻ۾Сͳ̬ȣ͵ñԱԣ
ŭЦ̵ðҵҪ̸¸УϷʮ꣬Ȼ󱲹УǾȹɡ
΢ԷӦԣֿ˻ΪȻֻͬԪľ磬ͬһ磬ʵҲྶͥеʵܸߣԽսеǲС
ߣڸһУͿͷĴȣͱͬҪ߳ܶ࣬һ߶ڹߡ
ߣ΢ϲΪȡǵ΢
Ǿ͵ˣ΢Ҳϻǰһһȭ΢Ȼ似ΪϾͨĳȭҲ󣬻硣һͿ΢ҲԪϵĲмҲ˺ܶ࣬Ƕһ˿ء΢ӭһȭûпʲôŵΪⱾͨһȭ˼תʩչһ׸߶似ֳצֱӿס΢ȭͷҪšɾʱĶͻȻͣ¶֮ɫ
㣬㣡߱Ͼǹ񣬱֮ǰ΢ùҪܶ࣬˿̾Ȼܿ˵΢ҲǽȣѾҹأҲ࣬˿̼ǿͼߵֱݣʹ಻ѣȴ˵һ仰
΢ڣ̫ͼУһ˵Ȼ֮ǰĶ޼΢ϲȻȡֵЧߡ
΢Ҳһߵĵ߱Ͼͬߣȡþգܹ򣬾Ľ˵ĵˡ
΢ֻȡ˶ԷɵȻͷֺˣȻ񣺡磬䣬֮ǰ֮ǰ¡
΢Ȼ䣬һɵΪӿ϶ˣû뵽Էôһ
ӣӻǲӣ
Ƭ̣߾ѡ񣬽ӣȻˣ˼䣬ĪǻԼƵģڸոձߵȻò˼飬û𣬷ڣһһͲˡ
һʤߵ̬˵һ䣺ˣƽϣ
תȥ
΢Цˣջܴ󣬶ҳɹҵһʵķţ編ƣͿȡΪãܾòܴɵ磬ԼϦɵãǻԵΪֻ̫ͼ΢һ㣬ֻ񹦣ͬУֻͬʱַ߱硣
֮£ôˣֻ΢һˡ
ʱԱһ߳ͬϵûСԿˡ
΢Ǹ⣬ŤͷָǸߵ˵ʲôأ㲻ұ¡
ǵƣ˭̣һǰղذǰ㻹ʵŰ裬ұѵѵⲻعصļһ
ϻ˵ƣ΢һ˿óѵЦݣֱӹ
Ƭ֮λҲǱ߳ɹЩһƨϡ΢ǳϿ䣬ֱ˵Լˣʰ·硣
촽˼£һ仰û˵
ţ΢編ƣùҲ磬Ͽ̬ս˼ߣȡǵĹڣһ߹߳΢ˣʲôаȻȡҵĹҹ
˵꾹ȻֲϣӲļһ΢̬ȺȷǾֱŪΡ
΢˼ɹߺܸɴֱ࣬ڵء
߸ոյĻǲЧ΢ͬķһߣߺǴĲ硣
΢һƣ֪ҲˣȻˣջҲǼΪġĲ˵̫ͼѾǳ㹻΢һҹá΢ûټƱˣǷԼЪϢĵطʼ
Ǩ΢Ͷأ֮ǰıԣȫ˵΢Ȼң˼֮УĹֱܣһ֣Ƭ֮ͻ£ͬеֱ̱ڵϣ˵
ĪǣִĿԶȡ˵ĹֻȹδŰǨк棬֪ڲʵʱ
ҪԸΪ٣ʱɲܵӣȥֻҪִ˶ȹ鷳Ȼɻڴ
ҹʱùΪϾͿòƷյѨʱȴֱ΢˸⣬Ȼɸɴ˯
Ȼ죬һֱƽɽرգǵѾԸıˣֻǺܲ⣬Ϊʲô΢ѡϾҪɹ忪ѨǰһͻȻֶȡǵĹ
֪΢ۣ֪Ϊʲôˡ
˵磬΢̫ͼڵĴһգȲѧʯƺǺԼһ㣬ÿ춼һѧ죬һ׽
΢Ҳһ㣬Ԫһܴ΢Ȼ֪ǿȴҪܴﵽһ硣һס罣΢һֻǼ¼
΢һǨûв򵽹߿Цҡͷ
ϲƷǽ΢һ䡣
Ǩ룬ȭţҼԣý
ãһ׽ѧѧ΢Ǵ󷽣ǽԼող罣һ飬Ǩһ֪⽣Ƕѧ˷ܲѣҪ֪׽ԱҼҴһ׽֪Ҫ˶ٱ
лִˣǨҪ°л΢ֻ˵һ仰ҶԼ˴󷽡
ǰ飬ƽɽϣ˲֪΢㲻֪΢ս߰ߵ¼ҲǴƽɽԶȡ˹飬Ҳ֪ˣڣ΢֣ߵѾ̸֮ɫ䡣


ڶʮ ɳ
˱ԣչȥȻƣ֮伫ҪԣԵĽǣٷְٻᱻԷ߹
˵ʱѾʮ΢ġ֡п಻΢ƣҲû˸һӦ˵ͲڣһԲϣд裬߹
һвˣ΢һƣǾǸֱӵս
ƣֻöԷϹڣ΢ʮˣϾ˼ҵս㣬Ӧս̫ȥЩҲɵӣΪǱԷùŹֵĹ߹ٵһܻ
Ե˵죬΢ƣЩ߼΢Ҳ̾Ͷ㣬ܶԶͶԶ
ͬ˿̣΢߹ȥһߴкһ΢ˣǳɤӺСģ΢ˣ
˵֮Χͬһ㣬ɢ
ϣ΢ֻҪȥһطǸط̾һƬյشȻҲǺ΢УǶɵ΢ȻȡǵĹȴһߣֻȡһ룬΢òֻ¸ϵŮƤҲӷֲ٣ԣȻȴû˼ǺޣǾԵ٩ϵͦá
˿̣΢߹һ׳һ£һûվΧܵһʣ׳һڨЦҲûãˣңã㻹ұ˰ɣղ˵Ǽ㣬϶ǿ
΢һɲǣ׳ҹձԼ̱ˣ΢ûߣ߹ȥ׳ĵ˵ûôڵϷһʲô㡯㣬һ㡣
˵ת׳ʣµһɡ
п಻׳΢Цеߣڣ΢ѾеҪ͹Ȼȥ⼸죬ϰߵҲΪһΪֲĸ߶ȣ浤磬ǲһЩ
浤һѿԽĺ蹵ڳߵУҲԪ浤ĸ֣Ȼ΢ûʸȥɧţӦǣǵƻڵ̫ͼӲԿٶߣֻԪ浤ĸ֣˵浤ߵϡˡ
Ϊѣ΢ϰߵṳ̂㵽硣
΢ܽеߵһԴ漣浤
뷽跨ʮߵ΢̫ͼһγ΢ͣ㣬ٴδ
Χ߿΢ͣҲǲڶܣȺһۡ
Ȼ⼸ǵĻ⣬Ҫ΢ϡ
΢ȻаŹ򵽴˲һߣʿɶֹ˸˼ұ񣬴Ӳŭ˿Цðһְֺ޵˵
ǰƫƫôһ˵ʵҾӦŮˣȻôƯһ߳˵
꣬С㣬ˣ϶˵Ҳԣ㲻ŮŮģôƯˣҲûʲô˵ģǷûУԴӱ֮ĻǰһֱͻƵƿȻͻˣø
ҲǣһΪֻأ΢߹һȻҪʱҵΪȷǸӾˡ
Ǻ°벻飬̫ˣ´Ҿ
˵ʵ΢ԸģôңΪʲô֮ǰɽ¿΢һƯСﱻ۸Ĳˣ˵֮󣬾Ҫ΢ÿԣ΢Żôƴѵû֣ȥʱ΢û˯һξʱ޿̶ڲң˵ɽ֮ǰһʱͻȻ˵
ܣһ΢һţǲģڹ֮ǿٶԪ۷ĸ֣ҪȻңôôױóѡ
һʼ˵߲ˬˡ
룬ǲǣ֮˵Ҳе裬һ֪˶ˣҲ֧΢ˣһΡ
ܿ죬΢ˣͷֻǱһǼȻ°빦Ϣ֮ʣЩûбľĶˡ
˵ʵƽɽϣԪ浤ĸ֮⣬˭ܴù΢
ûУ
һûУǶԹۺε似΢аŹǰֵһᣬһϣǹ飬áȻмʶ֪΢ѧаŹȻڶڹ
ôŹģ
ֻһֿܣǾǴƽɽʯвģʺ͸ԵͲܱȼġ
ȻǶ֣ұ˻кôǻʲô
Բ磬ܹȥҪò˵΢תٿ죬ҲȲ仯졣
ʳ԰Էٶȵ飬΢һҲеĵͬˮͰѾˣҪˮ϶У֮ǰǵˮҲȥˮͰһ룬ôͿԼˮܽԭǵˮϡͣĸɾ峺
ҲһտʼٶҵڣҲ˻ӰԽӰ졣һ֮ߵͻᾫ֮ܶ࣬ǰߣٽȻЧ֮ǰܹˣߣЧͬҧˣˮ߶Ѫܻһ
΢ʼ÷ô뷨սˣõΪ񡯣Ϳ
Դ⣬ǳ׽ˣһ΢㹻浤硣
ڲѧϣ΢ҲǸԵܸߣΪڣÿ΢ԴʯһѧȻиеͣνĵͣҲ͵ʲôطȥЩѧ΢öʺԼֱٴβ΢һѧ
ɳ
Ҳһڹ΢û񹦣κڹ°빦ɳһڹ󣬻ɳϣӶٿɳֱһ㣬Ϊ
ڹΪھ٣ֻж̶̰֣ҪвڹѶȿ֪΢֮Ͼڳˣڹͨƪ֮󣬱㰴տھ޵ķת
£΢ȻǱһգͷӿγһۿɼ״Ʈͬ˷Ȼ˵ע⣬һЩʶ֮Ҳ˵Ȼˣ΢Ǿ⼸ʱ䣬΢Ѿƽɽ˲֪˵ͷðһţֱ浤Ҳš


ڶʮ 
ʱ΢תɳĹͼͷͻȻתΧͻȻһɳɳ죬˶ǶĿ֮¿ȥƬ֮󣬾ͼһɳ˷ӹͬһһ趯
һĻƽɽϵػ߶Ŀ¶֮ɫ⼸΢Ȼǣ˲֪΢ʲôȻͬԿһЩüĿ
ſԶȡĹȻǴƽɽλϹڹ
ЩػѾǾޱȣƽɽϵĹԲû˵ʲôǴ˿̣Ƿ֣΢֪ǲǸԵ̫񣬾ȻλϹյĵڶֹ
оɳ񹦣
һߵԲ۾촽£Ϊߣ֪ƽɽеѧȴǶԼϹ񹦼¡УС񹦡⡮оɳ񹦡ⶼϹĹͬСɣܴ䱮вεãǱ˳һ
ͱ˲ͬЩػ߶ǷƽɽĿľΪ˽͵£ΪˣȻϹµ񹦣ҲҪѧǲԸΪЩ񹦡
ػߣ˵ܲţëȴû񹦡
Կ΢ȻǽϹɵ񹦣ҲδЩʡ
ǲҸ棬ΪƽɽƽɽĹأֻάȴܸߵж
ϹɶµĹأ˸Υ
ٿ΢ͷſʼɴɳγһͻɳĻһ̣һŻɳһնǰնһа߶˳߶೤ĵۡ
΢̧һһŻɳͷɢһŻɳӹγһŻɳƯС
ƺ뵽ʲô΢ҡҡͷ̧һ˦һŻɳһѹȥɳµĶǿϸܣӲɳ
΢ظԭ˴СĻɳűѹֻȭͷС˿̣ɵĻɳһǼӲޱȣͬɰ
ˣɣ΢֪ԼžɳֻǸոţʱٿôɳƽʹãһȭɳ㹻ˣ۰ֱۣǻɵ涼ࡣ
룬΢ٿȭͷСɰŷֳʮݣÿһһԲ飬һϸϵϣһִ
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Ѿ㹻һҹɳͻȻǺ£Хسǵ£ѪǿߣƽֻǴŵ¶䣬ǽҹȴǹˣһо׹ߣ
ſһߴ˿̴˸£ŵһͬаˣôô䣬ˡ
ͬͷ㻹˵첻ԾǼƤûнл϶⡣
˵Ѿرյ⴫˵
ڼžĺҹУͻȻôȻŵһع֮ǵ
˸˭ҹţ֪ĵ̣һһֱŵǰ˭үү鲻ãɱ˷ɷɣ
˵꣬˽Ŵ򿪡
ɶûУտҲ˾ЩаŵʱͻȻһ紵˴˸ͷˤΰأȵǷӦ̧ͷٿȴǰѽһŵ̱ڵϡ
ոջһ˵ſڣ˿ͻȻվˣˣһɭɭĹ
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֪ôۼһ𣬵ȻǺ£
ŵѾˣѪҲô˵䲻ŵģôֱӴͿԽɱ
˿ЩдͷǸǰһĵ̣ڤڵĵǣҶ֣˴ˣҵֿߣɱۣҵִˣͻˣϰ
һ£⺬ɳҳһţ˴˯оѣôŵɢӣһЩЩʶҪ֯Щ˾ʿĶֻ֣Ƭ߽̾⡣
ɳǣӴʧ
ͬʱŸǳص̣Ҳͬһʱܵ
ĴӪһʮ˵ĳǳأȴǱֱӹ¡ڶ磬ҲһĹţγĹֻ࣬ǹ֣һǹĴޡ
ĴӪ޵ֿ֮ﻹһλԪ浤Ҳ޼¡
ǿɱɵ͹ʿҪ࣬Ԫ浤ֿԿһޣҲ޼£ΣڳΪѾõĹ˵һǿߣֻһҹȥĴӪͱ𣬶Ҳһҹ֮ҷ
γֵģûĹٷȫǶšôһһеʵۣ˵Ѵֱ֮׾١
ȻһŪ̫ˣ˽˻ʣиɵŶ磬ˡ
ôһɽɹ٣ҲһΪʲô飬ϾֻһЩͨСССֵҲˣӵйĹҲˣСˡ
ǣ෽ʼ̽һʱ䣬֮أȻǳ˸ʼעĵط
˿̣ڶ˾ڣ֣ߺ͹Ǽһִ¡
˵ǲŪе󣿡أһ䡣
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ֻϧڻ粻ִˣѾǽ֮ΧСֻҪִ˳֪̾Ҳ˵
Ǽۣ֪Ѿ𣬱Ͼƽɽ棬Ҳһ·̣ϢҪݻôҲһԺ
بû뿪ƽɽµţŽǸԲѷսԼϵļһж˿飬ˡ
Ӫʮ꣬ѾΪ֮һҰȻֹڴˣҪΪʣһΪˡ


ڶʮһ ճɵ
ƽɽµһҹ죬ƽɽʱ޾͵ˡ
ͷҫҹգһΣƽɽһʯ֮ϣɫƽޱϲڵ΢
棬һˮˣˣ±ϾԪ浤ߣߴľԼ
˵һԭΪ¡
Ůкܶ࣬òģ˵ָȻ˼ҪƻʳƵۣȻҪһĸµĻʺ
ɣµòʺϵġ
ˣΪβǿѨǷס޷بһ˵بЦŮˣϲǿҾҪὫɱԴܵУҪѪ⣬ֻҪ浤磬ͻ̴ɱƽɽʥռΪУӴ˺ߣΪ𡣡
һ仰ĿģϵƽɽȻ֪ƽɽʯļֵֻҪƽɽҪ߳Ϊ𣬻пܰ쵽
Ȼب֪ʮƴĵ̣Ѿһһҹ֪Ҳ˵˺׳ˡ

ƽɽϣͬҫҹգ΢ѾǲȡߵΪ벽浤ľ硣
һ漣
ԹŵǴûз飬΢ڲϴԼļ¼ƽɽϣٶߣһ붼΢ȡһ붼ЩҪ΢ȡġ
΢֪ܲܳɾ浤һԪ浤ľ磬Ϳ
תʱ΢Ѿиһʶ˵ɵһͬڣ΢ȻҲɵ֪ࡣ
΢ɵԼϵĸҲԷһͨˣõ񹦣дṩиĿھһҪȥҲǧѣ΢ͻƣԪ浤ɵ͹ΪԾӹΰ
Ԫ浤ǶС΢Χһǳ½ӳ΢ϸӳһ⡣
ҹƽɽڶߣעͶ䵽΢ϣɽϵػߣҲһ
ҹһˣһ߸п
ǰòһƽɽʥأҪֶˡһҲҡͷЦ
˵꣬Ƕ΢
֪΢ܷʿѵһɾԪ浤
Ҿúѣܿ浤߶Ƿëǣ浤ģȻ˵ŬҲӹɣлԵͳʱȱһɣ΢ʴҶˣԵҲ㹻ҲŬȴľʱ䣬˵һڳɾԪ浤ţڶ̶ɾԪ浤ܣλϹŵһλɣҲճɵ顣
΢δҿ
ͬĶԻҲˣ˵΢ȻôˣȡǵƫƫȴԵһ˹ؼԵã˵΢Գˣүǣкܴһ˲š
ǾãһŮԱֶΣȻһƯĲ񻰵С۸һ£ʲô¶ðˬȻҲͼ˼Ǻ΢
Ծ󲿷˶ϣ΢漣ճɵһҲ漣ļ֤ߡУв߶֪΢йڣ˽£ѾϰãɽʱҪԸ΢Ǿһ𣬶Ը
һΪ΢ҲЩһƬؽˣв壬ŭ
֮һҹƽɽϼе߶ڹע΢Ҫܴܲϵ漣
˵΢һԾ꣬ʮ̣˿Ԫ浤
΢һ˵ʿɵߣǧһ˵Ǽѵˡ΢ûʲôϾɵУһض޳ˣѵĶˣһѶȵô΢
΢浤ûһ˿һԥͨħ
Ҳ΢ǿһߵĵط
˿΢д̫ͼϵҲ᲻浤΢Ǿ͵ĥһ꣬ʱ䡣
΢ڣѾǼġ
ͷϣ֮⣬Ѿһ浤ӰֻҪ浤Ϳ̤Ԫ浤硣
һʱ΢ûгɹƺҵԭתɳ񹦣һ̣ΧһƬɳȻ΢Ƭ֮΢һɳӣͬһ㣬һ
һ΢Ԫ֮ȫڣԼԪ浤
Ҳֻ˾ɳ񹦲һ㣬붼롣
ԶǨҲһţȻýţΪ΢ĳɰܣϵ;˵ȫѹ΢ϣʧܣ΢òúôҲһ
΢ѨһȦѾǱƤͷˣ΢Ȼÿζ⡣ȻûɱǣӴԺ˵ΪҲǷˡ
ڣһҹȥ߷һĨǰף΢棬˲䣬Ȼһ
һ
΢ϵɰʯ˲ըһ̣΢ͷԪ浤׳ͣһǿޱȵƴ΢ϴݿ֮£΢վʥ֮£һɸַ緶
ճɵ
ΧЩ߿һĻ֪ɹˣ˻󲿷ˣĿɿڴЩһֱ΢Ԫ浤ߣ˿ҲǾ˵һ£һ¡
˼飬˽Ȼ̤˾磬˵һɵʿôͬޣܻܿϵɹӴֶ֮һˣƽɽһػ𺳣Ŀֻˣ˭֪ɽ統УֻͨĴڣ֮ϣɣҪɺϣˣϵ
ţ˽֪ҾһЩ֪ҪͬɵѶҲǼ󣬼޳ɣɽ绹ϵԱǺܶ˶Կһһ̤ҵ浤磬ԽϵҲмеİֻкϹ˲ᡣ
΢˿ԺһȴһԾһԾɶߣһߣԾ߶ѾǼޣ΢ȴһΪѾԪ浤ʯһṦɲڿĴνһԾ֮£ɹɾ롣
ҪĴθսǾ͵Ԫ浤ľſԣ΢˿һ̤һתȻһӷɳɾ룬պ󷭣Ѿʮɣ˫̤նӣֱԹɾ롣


ڶʮ ΢ɽ
ˣѾɵˡ
ʿɵʿĲǲܲٿط׵磬ȱ̤֮ɵʿԽУʿУṦֱͷûʲôҸ䣬ɿգǸ·Ҳǧϡ
һģֻԪ浤ʿſԡ
ȵ΢Ӷ£͸һɳ֮˵Ͷ֮䣬ε΢֪ԼΪǽԵУɵΪΪԼߺܶĵˣҲһս֮ˡ
Ϊֲ΢һЩ㣬ɶⲫ˭˭
Ȼ΢֪ԼճɵҲƽɽЩǰδıߣǵ΢޳Ԫ浤
ϲϲߴ˿̴󶼹أΪԪ浤ߣʿѾǵλȻĴڣֵ𾴡
΢ҲУ˵λ΢ˣҲлλ΢֮ˣ˷ɽҪһڴ֮ǰ΢㽫һŴʯвѧλȡλˡ
˵꣬΢ӻȡһСӣ΢дһѧ̫׽ڽУҲǼߵѧȻ΢ѧк̫ܶ࣬׽ֻ֮һãҲóлʺϡ
Ҫǣ΢飬֮ǰҪɽԼһݣóһЩôһΪ˴лܹĶվԼһߣɽ֮ʤ͸ˡ
ҲʮһӵϣǺ浤Σ
һѧôཻͰֵ֣
Ȼڶһһ㶣һš
΢ǵ棿
ֹԸ⽫̫׽͸ҵȣ
ʲô˼Ҷ˵ˣŮģҾ֪΢㹻ѧȻ˼ʲôˣ˷ɽҪԸ㣬ҲҪɱˣ
һӣͿˡ
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һʱȺ鼤ܣ΢ͷĲԩƽɽģɶǸľõԼԺҲкô
ѱ£ܺù˱¡
ʱˣ΢ʱǻ֣󺰵ɽ
𣡡˻Ӧ졣
ƽɽ£ƤȴܾʲôطԾһʱҲ˵ܿ죬ͽעתƵƽɽϣһ죬ܿ죬ɽϵ߶ҪɽƽɽĹء
ʱ򣬽СɱˣȻȻȥͳˣϣҲаڳɾͺ浤
ֻҪ˺浤ʹߣΧƽɽʥһٹ¡
뵽Լļƻبо̲סһ󼤶
ʱ˺ɽˣ
˶˹ȥبǸ΢ߣΪƽɽ⣬ֻôһ·ɽ
Զ߿صҲ̧ͷȥ죬ڵȵˣ΢΢΢ȻȥЩɵԸô
⼸ʱ䣬Ҳͨ˺ܶ飬׼ʲô飬һף˶ԡ
νŮ֮飬ô򵥣ʱƽˮʱҲͬһһҡ
ɽһȺһ۾Ϳͷ΢Ͼ΢ƤȥģһС
ˣˣһ³֣СӴֽץ׸˴áһ߿˵
ͷֻǺܿͷЩԾԼƽɽˣôӰ
˵ǻɽ϶Ը΢Ҫ΢Уô΢ȥ
ب۾һУûʲô΢ƽɽ
Լǰ벽浤ߣԷٽƻҲ治ʲô»ҿʲô뵽بд󶨣ֻ΢ɽ
ɽµǼƽɽػȻ⼸ûɽ֪ɽ΢ɽǸƵ߳بب˴ˣ
ЦǻӦ
΢ˣǵһɽ֮µķ򣬲ͣŲֱ˹ȥ
ǸҪ׽΢Ǹȥֳצһ˺ƽʯץ΢
óӥצָ繳һץϣǴףҲܸٳѪοͲ
΢Сģ¼״ˣֻѨ⣬ͨ죬Ԯۿ΢ҪץסʱһĻĿɿڴѵ鷢ˡ
΢ͷҲһƷִžһ߶ϣΪ΢ǿƻᱻ˺飬ȴֱӷʹҽУ飬ԿԷͬբˮһ㣬֣ͨӿ΢ơ
ֻǼʱ䣬߾ͨһԵ
ȻҪɱ֣΢ȻҲѾ㣬Ѿ񹦣һ˻ɱˣ׳񹦵Ŀֲ֮
һĻһĿɿڴǸ΢ɽҲǵһ
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΢׾پɱһԪ۷徳ߣȻΪ棬֪֮ǰ΢綼ṳ̂룬ϵƽɽҲʱﵽֿɱԪ۷ֵĵز
ĪʹɵΪ
ܣƽɽΧǽ֮أ˵ɵʿҲһΪͨˣҲ֮أ˼ǣ˶Ľء
ֻ߲߳ƣҸո΢ʩչֶΣҲȷֶΡ
𾪣ǱبγһΪǸ³ֵֿҪ֪ǸӥצҲʮˣԸѰԪ߶ڻ£û뵽Ȼᱻ΢һɱ
ҶԷõģһּΪڹ
ڹ
Щʶڹب˵ϹλڹУһžǿͨʳ׳ڹ
뵽بЩ٣Ϲɵ˭ѧ
Ϊ߱׷ѵ΢ѧˣ
һ뵽ֿܣب͸оѪӿҧгݡһ̣΢ѾͻȻӶͬһ˷е࣬գ֮͵ڵľʯ֮ϣԱûзӦ΢Ѿץֱס£׼뿪һԪ浤߼״ǷӦֱŭһһƴ΢΢תɳ񹦣˦ֹȥʮɰۺһִ˲ɢֻһϡٿЩɰһ棬նȥٶȼ죬Ԫ浤ֻоǰһʶҪ㣬Ǳɰڼϣ͸оʹϮұ߰Ѿ쬣ӣȻǱ¡


ڶʮ ֵ
Ըˣ΢ҲԼΣһԪ浤ĸȫ֡
ɰۺϳɵĵնȥ߷Ӧ죬ܿҪǻ˴ͷűڣҲǳ׷ˣԪ浤ǿᣬһҲˡ
һ֣΢ͣʩչṦ˫أһӺʮɣب׷϶ѡ
ʵϣبѾǱ΢ֶθסˣǼΪɵ׷ȥҲҡ
һ½һԪ浤ߴУĪ΢Ҳ浤ˣ
ҸոǹŹֵɰʲô
ֱӰȥ٣ٶȼ죬ǿƿԪ浤ߵĻԼȻֵܱܵ
بȻûаգûжһ˫۾ȴ΢
΢˦֣ɰ¾Σ˵̫ˣ޼᲻ݣѸ٣˷ʤ
Ż£΢ֱոһ£֮ǰΪǼٵƤ˭֪Ȼġ
´˿΢Уκ죬΢֪Ѩ⣬ת׼ΪѨ
¼״˷ϵѨֻԪ浤ϵʿܽ⿪㡭
û˵꣬ͼ΢ָ罣ϼѨ˼£ָΪƣСһ̣͸оһɼΪǿӿڣ֮䣬ĴѨȻȫ⿪
£ǲţ漴ϲ΢΢Ԫ浤ˣ
΢ͷؽס΢־òףּæɿǸղһѾ΢ܵ壬˵һ΢ҲܹķӣȻ֪¾ǼƷеļƷ΢ǿûг
ϺδҪ΢곤꣬ҲŤ󣬶ǵ벻㾹ʱ޵Ԫ浤磬ã̫ˣҶ֣㲻
ѨҲ⿪ˣָΪ΢߱һԪ浤ĸ֡
ʦãֱ֪ܣ§§òҪǱߣеôҲ֪ʲôԹͬţȴͬһ㡣
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Ǿϵûһ֪»ǿӲķһʱ侹Ȼƿԡ
¶£΢Ȼ£ƤǾԿԿȳǽȻᾲп͡
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ֻ۾ֻˣ΢ʱ˵䣬Ǩͷһ߹վ΢
֮ǰû΢ߣ˿Ҳܹ֣ȥ΢ǱߵһӴﵽ㡣һűĦȭƣ۾·һԲϾҪ
بһӾͺˣʲô
۳ʮ꣬Ҳû飬ЩôܸΪһûʲôϵСӾ͸ҶԿԼ
ѵ֪Լǰ벽浤֣
ǲ£
ΪʲôΪʲôôվ΢بһʱ벻еĵô˵ڶԷƴﵽ㣬ԼȻҲǸǸ֣Ͼϲ̫ࡣ
ˣ

ب̫ˣѾ˲˿۾΢£ߣȴǹЦ
ðǺ֣ûнҿУ˶ǰɣʮǳأߺֹƾҲ뱾ԿǱһ뿪򣡡˵꣬بһµŴѶ񣬸ҽǧߣҪѪϴƽɽ
ǣȡһֻݣȥܿ죬Ƿ˻һԶȥ
жһǰһԣµߵĽǧߣǧͨߣҲӦС
߽ѱΪȣѾºҪ΢վ̨ȻΪûһ˵ӣߣֱӺǿᣬҪҲҪһʱ䣬ھɱȥʬΣʱȺףȻǷѱ
һ⣬Ȼ˿̴ȥ΢ǱȻ˶࣬Ҫסܡ
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بҲǵͷߣҲ壬ʱԶȴˣһڣǱϻѪ
⼸ˣبüͷһ壬ã⼸Щ졣
Ĵ֮һĹã˿̶һ̵Ǽ˺ܰǣ
بϸһɲǣ⼸ԼڴӪ£ôܵѶոշųȥҪҲô죬Ҳֻôˡ
Ǽֱܹ֮ӹبǰ˵һبĵѵĻ
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⻰بЩһͷԵڵأţȥϸѯʣȷϢ֮С
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ԼʮƴĻҵȻôһ⼸¸Լʮ꣬ƭԼֻΪʲô
بͻȻ뵽ʲôæһץŵˣųɫ۾ʵ˵һҵģһȺޣ
˼æͷϻſ־壺ǣ࣬ΪߣǲǶ֣Ǽʱ֮أҲˡ
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뵽һ㣬بðһɿ־塣
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ˣһǣ򣬳ܵޣԼĳǣɱԼˡ
΢٣
بԴҡΣԶµ˲ԣ΢ȴϡب˵ĶԻд󶨡
ȻǨˣϢ˳ȥԼԹߺֵ˽⣬ǶȻùŵ£һҲһЩ˵ʵöԷǧߣԼ߻Ըˣڿȴ赣ˡ


ڶʮ ɱب
ƽɽԭգƬ֮ȴͻȻ˷磬գȻһ˿⡣
ҲӦب顣
Ƭ֮ǰųưԵΣڣеһжˡ
һǿΪ
˿ب۾죬Цٴο΢ôبɵӣȻ֪˲ǵˣüңʮŬȫ˽ȥ
ãҲڣڣûá
ưԣبȻĺݾտʼ̵ʱԸֶֿ׺ݣţȮ˿̣һУҪı
ǼһסˣǸ΢ҪУǸŮˣ³֮ǿب˵˵һüͷһǸأ
༸ŷ֣֪ʱѾټȫޣȻˡ
СȲҪǣеʱ˴ǽ֮أݺ΢٣ڶްΣֻҪɱ̶ֵڴ˴̤浤磬ҪɽҲ£بۣʱƣһ¾ͷҪ飬бǮֻҪɽھͲûա
Щ˶Ǹبʮˣ˵Ĺبô˵Ǿô
ģֻסЩƬ̣ǿ϶˵
ãߣɱ΢ب˵꣬ҲͷͨȡıһԼʯĻ浶
⵶ע̻ᷢһ𣬿ԺɨǧبԳ
ֵ֣بԥ΢
΢
˻ڰ·벽浤ߵѾȫȻǽһ⡣
΢ҲǱبס
΢Ӧ죬֪بҪǽҪƴˣʱҲˡȻϲبһЩ΢ĶƽɽϲĶѧԷһѻ浶ԼɰҲب˭˭Ӯ֪ء
΢ҲһԾ𣬲µٶȱ΢죬΢بǳҰ㡣
Ů˷򸴺
΢һЦͬʱӭبһЦһΪԪ浤ʸұЦձֶ֪Ρ
˵꣬л浶һкɨǧ˳ȥͼһҫ۵Ļն΢¡
ǿĵ΢üͷһѾԪ浤ߣȻ֪ҪʵǺѵģɵʿͬȫƾһ㣬ҪµС
ҶԷеĳҲȷǲԽתΪ棬ȴǽõһɱؾɵˡ
У㣡һ˵΢Ҳǵͷٿ̤һߣһԣùһͻ浶⡣
ɨ棬ֱӽһƬľʯն飬һƬ𺣡
벽浤ߵһɼһߡ
΢һҲ಻ѣոӲƴһ£ôԼҲУبȻǿᣬһ⣬ͱȺܶɵʿлҪͣɵʿֻǿԴ߶ѣبУеâ
ʽ㿴׼ʱøոյش¾ḻϾԪ浤Ѿܾãϣ΢ʦһ
΢֪óһ湦˫֣ͿԸ񵲷ֵʽԵͷʩչṦΧ
գ֮䣬ѾǺبʮУ˵بȫѹڴ죬Ϲ򼫸ߣѾܡ
벽ܣĺ浤΢ֶ޼£ڣبûпһ
΢յ似٣΢񹦣ԸبΪҪߣҲ󣬶һب΢̫ͼǾкʱ΢ȻҪࡣ
بǿȻ΢ԤϣԷл浶ϰ벽浤ΪиɻǶþɳ񹦣ɰۺϵսҲʤب
ǱҲѾǵ˼ޣʮо͵ܣ΢ԵУһ񹦣ڿ֪òˣ΢һתƵب̧һȭ˳ȥ
صһȭͷʵʵĴب󱳣ԷԶ΢΢һȭ˵ب
΢Ѿ㹻΢ת£һب׼Ҫһͣˣл浶ȼյĳȻҲһС뵶浱С
⡭ѵǴ˵ǸԶĹبľ֮ǰҲֻ˵Ŵ˵еĹвΪȻΪһĻڹҲǶڹϲ˵Ĺ㴫˵ϹŵһλֶĹǿᣬҲδܶԼĻ
ڣ֪ԼشֻоڻȻǷ·ƤڴţסֻƬ̣Ĺͼɣұ⹦徹ȻҲǶá
ֹУƬ̵ͣ٣Ծˡ
һ΢ץסᣬʦƷʮƷبͷءҪ֮ӡȥƷвżǿİʯͷϣʯͷɷĩ˵ˡ
Ǻ浤ߣһôҲܲˡ
οبĺ浤֡
ʮƴȥبˣϾҲԪ浤ĸ֣յ似ҲǾǧ
΢ҲǼþգæ񹦣ȻبҲ΢˼鷳
بΪԶ΢Ȼȼߣ΢ڣ̾ͽ֮ǰ̫ͼײķ顣
⻹㣬بľȻĻֱӽ΢߰㡣΢Ϊبһ߳Ȼаڣ΢ֻо壬֮ͬаٰѼ⵶ںҳײһ㣬ʹ̣һΣЩûԵ
΢û°ɣ¼״ԣæǰ΢ҡҡͷҪĻǶԸب
˿بǱ΢ȡ֮µʮƣ˿Ѿǹ飬Ȼǵ
ب΢ŷģǰһţبʬһ߳ȥǰ档
ѷʣµˣ㸺翹𣿡΢һبЩ»ͷһȻبһĿɿڴеֱɥʧ־еǷ񷴿ǱͲڶߵĶ֣һңƬ֮ͱȭ
Ѷ΢ҲЩѹƲסڵĻȻκ¶ԣǶ٣׽ɱ׶Ҳܴ֮ǰ΢ΪԪ浤γɵ̫ͼԻſԲϵɣɾʹ档
һȡ̫ͼĽޣͻἱתֱ¡


ڶʮ ҽ
̫ͼһƣ΢̾ͳͷѹƲסǻ˿̾͸оһ㣬ͷ󺹣ҡҡ׹һ¼״ԣæָӦ֪Եɣæ΢⡣
ֻب̫ǿͰԵҲֻʱѹơ
ܷβܣ΢ò̾ͻ߽⣬ԭΣҲ𣬲ԺɵҲӰ졣
ԣЩԾ̫ԵֱͬҩѹƲס´˿Ҳͷ󺹣ѾãȻܲԾΪϻۣתһ룬ʧˣب֪ҪԽֽţļΪȶ뷨ӽ仯롣
΢ҲǿŻͬյʹҧ£֮ǰǿ԰кŪ̫ͼοɲԣ
ʱ΢ֱӳƺ¡϶¾ɬʱҲ˲ˣҡͷУبΪҶҪߣҪ߳٣˵ֽţͬǶҩܱкѱ
΢¼Ĳˣȴǰοżзӵġ
΢㲻بȻ֪ԶȡԹ壬ôҲǼ󣬿ôˣĿģҪɱ㡣ǲĺ浤ĸֶУ鷳ˡ¶켱ˣʶأ˭뵽بȻôգϧԲУҲҪԸ΢
΢ô񹦣˿ڹǿѹסǻл˼
ûӣûУٺѣǶĺϵرҼ˼棬ұ㲻žûз΢뵽һӣȻ֪Լ뿪֮أָɵΪҲֻûУΪȫ·ң˵ԼС飬ĿԾ磬Ҳⲻˡ
Ҵ²˾ϣ΢ò̤һԪ浤ΪΪ٣ʧ̫ˣӰɵǲɳܡ
بЩӵӣѾǲΪ壬΢ǳ˾Ϲл¾в߿΢ɫԣæѯʣ΢˵ѣ½һ
ӾȻ˴벻ôݣǻͣٴ𶾣ȷȫס΢Ǹܾ˵Ĵ򷨡һ˵͵˵ȻҲûʲôӡ
һߵȻǻҪǺѣ浤ֳֻ֣ϣ浤˱Ͳ࣬ҴڱأҪͻƳΪˣҰ
һȡغѹƻ𶾣һͻ˵꣬˵ֻα겻αңȥŪǼغⶫֻ˵û
һʱ࿪ʼıߣܲϻֻˣȻ󲿷˶¸ް취
¸ǽȻ֪ൢһ΢ͶһΣգڣ޲΢ࡣ
ǳģһЩ⣡ʱһһȻ𾴣Ϊ˵ģȻƽɽΨһĺ浤֣ơ
֮ǰ²ؼ̬ȣ΢ʩչ񹦺;ɳ֮Ҳ˱仯
ƽɽϹŵһλĵطǣλɵͽͽ΢ȻϹĹȻǺƽɽԨԴ֪ʶƽɽƽɽĹأǾǲܸ֮£ҲԥŴָһ¡
ǰƽɽػʶǷǺ浤ˣǰô˵ġ˸͵
ƿһ΢ŵǲ֪بʲôڹȴ֪ڹΪĻҲͰԵȻֻͨϷҲзӰæǴ𶾣Ҳûӣַֻɽ⣬һ֣΢Ϊͻƺ浤磬ֻҪΪѹȻԽ併Ϊãǿų⡭
˵ͣƬ̣ȻҲ֪һַӲܣʱ䣬ǾҲܴԪ浤浤ԼҲƽɽʮͻƵ浤
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΢ͷʵϣûзӣֻҪصһĹɳ֣δؾûлķӣ΢ڽ֮أ޷ϣĹҲȻȥ
»Ѿ˱ҪѹƵʱ򣬾ǻʱҲֻǰ֮΢ܼƬ̡
Ҳһ뷨ֻзӣȥԡ
֪λҽҽΪ֮ǰһǰȥҩǲ£Ը·һ߳˵
˴·Ȼã²˳٣½΢ϣˣʩչṦ߿ٸһڡ
·̣ͨˣҪһ죬ǰͷ·߻£ߣ»һˣҲٶȼ졣ˣҲһʱſǾڡ
ˣ£ʣ·Լԣ΢ܿ¶ͷԪ浤ߣһ˻Ҫٸ·Ҳĺܶ
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⻰˵˵û˵ڣֻ˵һ֣
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˿΢ѾЩԺٴη΢ֱײֱ˹ȥ
¼״ԥ´΢ڱϣȻһ㣬Ծ߰ɸ߶ȣ˫ץұ͹𣬿ʼҧ


ڶʮ ҩɽ
΢оԼ𺣵УÿһӣȵĻ涼ڷһ̣ҲѹƲסһɻ֮ӡ
Ȼκ񹦣һǾҪ֮˵Ϊ
磬񹦣Ҳѵйǿĸֻ֣רſƵľֶ׳Ĺ
Ȼ΢񹦻بԷһҲ΢Ѩ
΢˹ȥȵ΢ٴԼһʯݵУХķ
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΢ˣһ˵һ̽΢塣
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ҽǰҩʱѹסڵĻҩ죬ܱһ͹ǰ˵һҩֻʱѹƻҪĽ鷳ҪΪ浤緽ܻ⡣½һ
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ҽһ˵΢Ҳʵ֮ǰĲ²⣬£ҲЩɬǽҩһһι΢
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ҩ΢оֺ˺ܶ࣬ȴǳҽлǰ֮
ҽˣǶˣܲȡҲֻѹƻ𶾣ܸʣµĻҪԼҽ˵
΢֪˼ǿֳŸǴ·ߵл
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΢ҡҡͷʾⲻҪҽѾ˵Ժܳȥʵʧ
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΢ӦûһĽɫ
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΢ѾǵڶҩɽˣԼ֮䣬΢оԼ֮ǰʲôط˵ط
ίҲҪߣ΢ǰŽϵĲ豭ʰã£Ž黺


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ԭλ콭ҽ֮ǰҲҩɽˣڵһʦ˵ҩɽ֮ҽ֮ʤҽ˵ֵһᡣ
ֻΪ˴Աҩɽຮ֮أǶȴÿýΪƵҩҩȴȱܶϡȱĶֻܽԼѾ䷳ΣԷʮ꺬ݣȻö鵤˵ҩɽõʦƳö
ȻʣµöֻǽԼ취
ǣҩɽ֮⣬Ҫҵݣ˵졣
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ºǸԣ΢ˣ֪ΪξáҩɽˣΪһЩڵм
Ϊ⡮ҩɽɳһš
ҩɽһ޴԰ɳϽΪɳṩҩƵҩ˵ҩɽҪʵȴһûʲôʵȨɳţ˵ҩɽĹ٣ֻǰƷɹ٣輸Ʒɹٹҩ԰
ȻɳĹٸţǵȷһȾָ͸ģֲýΡ˵ͨˣ΢Ʒ٣Ҳ治˼ҩɽ˵΢ְͣȨҲ󣬿ɱϾ̫ԶŰ
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ڽҲû΢ǰæֻЩ±ҪһΪˣ˵ꡣ
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һ㶣һʱûӦҲûж룬ֻǵͷºҲǡ
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꣬ʱ޵ˣֻܷʦţҲ֪׵öϣ϶ʮ࣬˵΢ܳΪɵʿ٣ƹʣ˭֪ȻǸ˳ࡣ
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࣬书ҽҲˣ΢𵱳ڴĻǶԸԼһʱҲǸпڣҲˡ
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뵽̾һʵڻ𣿡
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˵ģȻ΢΢ҲǹһЦûֻ˭뵽λԵɺ֮²̤һֱ޵Ԫ浤磬ʿʮ꣬һľ磬΢ֻ졣
ᵽԪµͷһŵҶЩӡ󣬵ΪһЩ飬ҺʹԪԨϵ֡
΢ͷͶˣʱҲǴżƤԨҲûеһŮ
˵Ҳһˡ
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˿̣յ΢ĹΧĴСˣһʮˣ΢ݣڳִˡ
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΢֪޿ܵԼ𷣣Ҳǹֻûж˵޶Ǻ΢ȻŻһ뿪ʱһٹٷĹǰִˣǻˣ˶ˣҲһ˵㣬¹ٴȥ
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˵꣬Ҳǻʧ
΢û̻ȥȴΪ£΢Ͼɵʿȫ·վܻȥǲУԪ浤ߣǿ̤УϾٶϻǲɵʿܶࡣ
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΢֪ͻݣ뵢ԼĹ£˵΢Ϊ˶ԸȷǷһټҴɣǾǶȨƣγֵĶǹţ䵽Ҳ˲ԼһԼ״΢Ŀϻȥм˾Ǳߣ϶ҲкܶҪ΢Ҳûȥ
뵽΢Щᣬ˵õһɻȥ¸΢һЩ˽Ҫ죬΢ŵͷ
һҹȥ峿΢µ߶ţһǣʡ


ڶʮ ˼
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΢ѾգҲԨԨȴټ˵΢䣬βô˵΢ĶЩǷ׵ûжٹЩų֣ȴǿ΢ϡ
Ҫ֪飬ֵĿе󣬶̫ˡʮ˹˻ʶעˣעˣɳĲɹҲעˡ
һҹ֮䣬ʮǸһӴʧĴ¼ס
ȻֻҪԼӴ֪µʵϺܶѾ֪ˣֻ֪بƷ΢ºγˣ鷳ȴǺܶࡣ
಻ˣã΢ˣ΢;ܲãԨżˡ
΢ȻҲµı׶ˣֻǵʱ΢ûбķӣӺɷˣ΢û¡
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بǲ٣بδû֧֣֧بˣôͨˣ
˵΢Ѿз磬֪жڶֻҪһ̾ͻһ΢޲ý΢⵹
֮ƽϰ΢æǨ΢һƷٵλã΢Ǽ˾ܣһƷûκѶȣ΢ڶֳŵ£ȴҲǱ˸֪һ
΢ʮ첻ͻȻǵ޽µټ
΢ҲƷ٣в٣Ȼʸȥ޴ˣټ飬⻹ͷһΡ
޵⣬΢
΢üͷһ壬߹һûˣССӣͱ˴¨ˣɹٽ״浽޴ˣ˵ˣٵ£Ϊ֮һ˳޴˵˼˵޴ˣǺܿġ
΢һѡ
΢ȻǸж£ҲѣȻ΢֪ΪʲôԼǰ
СӰǵ£ǽ֮أҶȥ㾹Ȼܹȥ˵Ҳջķᣬǽٶѣʽ̤ãܺãɣϵˣʱ򣬱Ȼһ˵꣬΢ʲôˣʲô飬˵Ƚȥ޴˾õȡ
΢һҲǣæǣ޵
ŵĺڼ׹ûȻ͵õͨ΢ͨ裬һ·߽ȥ㿴ǰһ룬޽΢æ߼ȻǰĽ¸һݣ¹΢޴ˡ
˿̣ڴ֮ϣֻۣʾߵһƷ̹ٸ΢
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΢ҵæл̹ǳ΢С޴鲻ãСĵ˵
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ǿɣڽǰֵһᣬ΢˼ǰ϶硣
Сһ㣬Ӧġ
΢Сĵȴã²ŷеıʣȻ̹¡
߼æ뿪Ƭ֮󣬴֮ڣֻʣ΢ͽ¶ˡ
΢ôĵӣ
µһ䣬һ֮󣬼ֱͬףСˣһ֮ŭԽ΢ҲǸоζҡҡ׹
΢Ҳǹĸ֣ڶҲһͬĹԱУΪܳ΢ģûС
ϣǹϣǹˡ
Ҳ˵΢Ҳ֮ң޴˵һŭⶼҲͰ׻ˡ
ȻҲҪԸ΢΢ʵǿҲǵֵסġ
¹ٻ֣̿¹֪ˣ΢æϴɵΪԼûͿԺϹپ飬΢ǲġ
еǻ޵ĺǳԣ÷ʱ򣬾Ӧ÷ûʲôɶ˵ġ
˼ңǽ£
ݾ㹻΢ʾˡ
㻹֪Ȼ΢ˣһһ仰ˣ˵ҲǾԼǺ£¹ٶϹ٣кϿԣ
㣬飬ô£ʵʵ˵һ飡ʵ΢ʲôˣΪ˵˾֪仰ԼûΣգ˵Ļ˵һһ˿һҿԣ΢ɲŽʲô֪˼֪ıԼȫôʣǿԼʵʵ
΢ʶ࣬һûԼŮƤ鶼˳ƽɽϵĲ
Ȼû˵ֻ˵Լ˺ܶѧΪʲôһ丣ԵͿԽ͡
ԵⶫϹɵ棬涼Ū£ûκ⡣
΢ʵʵĽһԵã΢ˡµ˵ͷʮû
΢аȻ˼ʲô֪ξǿԼ̬ȣʲôǾ鷳ˡ
£㣬Ϊ٣һЩȨҲûʲô㲻֪ɳǱߣ˶㲻ⰡҿСţ֪ʲôط˼ҡ˵£ȷֵȶĵطԣҵ÷㡣Ц˵΢һ˿ô˵λϴԼûˡ
ڳͷӦҲֻСС֣΢¡
һ䣬΢ˡ
ҾʱְȻȥ˼ɣ˾ѾʺִƣҲǸɳһЩ˵Ľµ˵
ܵ˵΢ȴһ㶼ƽ
ְ
˼
ⷣҲЩ̫ˣ˼ãǸְĻʹˣ΢˿ҲЩĻšĽԼְ˹٣ԺԼ;¾͵õΪֹˡ
ˣ΢Ĵȷ̫
΢û̺ԩ֪ôٺһΪ¼Ȼô˵ˣ°ٷְپѾôˣԼ˵ʲôûá
ʱ΢ϸһ£ոս˵ǽԼʱְǸְһ
ǧС⡮ʱ֣˵黹ת
΢˼תȴѹ»Һͷ˼Ž¹޴˵¹飬ȷӦóͷȻҲ˵޴ִϡ
ܺãȻ΢ķӦʮ⣬Ȼŵ°ɣ
˵ۣ꣬ڰ֣ʾ΢뿪΢Σֻܸ뿪
޵΢أôһһȥԼĹپͶˣʵЩķҡ


ڶʮ ڼ
΢ְ˼Ϣܿʹ˶һʱֵǷꡣ
翴΢˳ۣмʣ˿̳飬ǽһ㿪ʼ΢΢ĲۣȻǴ㳹׶Ͼ΢;΢ˣżϻ𣬿ǽ´˭飿
˾ڣеٶˣĸ٣Ƕڼ˾ſڵ΢
޵Ѿ´˾Ȼ˾Ҳһ֪ˣ΢һַչ׳ƿصţ˵ϵˡȥ΢ĹְȻʮֲȴ޼ƿʩ
ܿ죬΢ˣ˼״æӭȥ
ִˣ
ִˣ
΢һ㶣üǲ칫ˣҶȥ˾ô𣿡
һǳ⣬˶һȴû뿪վǰ濴΢ִˣǼ£ǼԾģûйϵƾʲôְȥۡ
˵꣬ȻǴҪȥ޵
΢һ黹תôһ֣Լһתûˡ
˱ǳס΢ɨһ˲ŵ֪ΪҺãסҪ٣ɷϹٵûɣӦִУϹ١ұΣΪңΣӦе
΢ĻϣɣҲûи˵ʲô
Ǳ׫ĹŵĵᶼŪˣ΢Ҫ뿪˾һЩ͹ر붨˾֮ǰõĻʧ΢Ը⿴ġ
ִˣйŶѾ׫ᣬѾȥˡʱæǰ
΢˵ͷʣ֮ǰⶨļɷǶҪϸж˷ɷĸϵشͨӴ˶йÿ궼Ҫܼ˾УͨģܼɣͨģнɢڶԶҪ˴Уɱ˸ĸеİͳ߶аѿأĿǼйţҪĸԸķӡ
£΢ļƻֻʵʩһ룬ڿԼûӼʵʩˣֵֻܽˡ
ִ˷ģ۽˭ִƼ˾ִⷨСֵ¾״
΢ֶ飬˵Ķ˵ˣ΢˾Ĺӡڴ˴һƮȻȥ
֮ڣ΢Ѿû˹ְֻǸְؾϻ֣ȻҪĨȥҲף΢׫ɽǿǾؾ˾޴Ĺ£ֹ˭Ĩɱˡ
û˹ְ΢ҲͺȥֻڴԪڣ£ʱ䴦ԪڵˣϾڵĴԪѾǵţµҲнˣԶĵˡ
΢鷿֮ڣ΢Ѽʱ䣬ƽɽϲļ似¼׫ɲᣬȻ봿Ԫġؾ󡯵УΪԪеĹؼ
տЩʱȨĲѣϵȻɵϵʺһ㣬ⱲܵѾǶˣ̫пнչͬѾԪ۷壬жϣδز̤浤磬浤磬ǾҲˡ
ȨˣҲһ
΢ųʱ佫µ˵˵һֱû˵Ҳ΢ЩŤԼãҵʦºԼãܿܳΪᷢޡ
ʱôƺԼ
Щͷ۰
ƽʱҲǴֵģСѾͷ˼Ҳʮϸģˣ΢һֱ顣
ۿٹ¾ͻǰ΢֪ϣһ΢ùţɲ߳ȥ
ʱ䣬ڿյĴԪҲв٣΢æǰԼţȻϵãвٵӣΪ΢ǧ봿Ԫ¡
΢ȥûҵˣǳһʵʦ𣿡
ձ֣΢ã΢ţȻҪΪʦ棬ȻֻһСѾͷ
ǵӼæţˣʦʦɽǰɽ
΢һ㶣˰ɽ
ô֪ʩչسɴֶΣߵɽţԶԶȥȻΧһȺˣƺڱȶ
΢һΪ˾ﷱæԴԪȫǽȨö֮΢Ҳ˦ţһ飬ᾪҲһ΢ǰææµµҲܣȨͺá
΢û˹ְڼұ˼ʱ䶼ﻵˣһƣΪ˹ȥȻ΢ʩչֶΣ˿Լ
Ǵ鴮Ԫбʳģ󹱵ʿԪóľǻ΢ҲѧһЩȻ΢ãһ㣬ԸһɫԣԸľ־ͲˣоһЩ΢ҲΪĻʦ
Ҫ˿ԼֻһСѡ
˿ڴԪɽ֮ѾۼʮԪɽӣЩɽɱͨҪܶ࣬ΪҲҪƽˮƽߡͼЩֳֳڳ˽һٴС
Ȩվǰ棬˿һµ˱ȶ
ڶ棬վżͬװĵˣһǱ˫Ǳ뺷΢һɨ֪˺һ㡣ģҲһСɵʿ⻹мԪߡ
ȶģһԪߣֳ˫Ĳɿ
ȨֽһԹսԱдԪɫţûã˿СͬѯʣЩ߲ƣҶƲ磬Ϊβͨˣ
ʵǸһ֮ɫǸոսΪɽӵģ
ǵӼæͷʵĵӲһȻҾ˵ôֲ㲻֪㣬Ϊ˰ɽдȥˣ˾æˡҪ֪ǴԪԴӳΪǵţչ׳֮ҲԽԽȻ˵ĿӣҪǴԪλÿ춼ɽݷãʵϾҪдԣˣûʧӮˣ϶ᵽǴԪʦʦڣЩɽ˻ûӮʱ䳤ˣȻϰˣȻò˳˿Ǵؾ٣̫࣬ЩСµȻҪͷ˳档
˵ЩǵһԺʻǸҲһȻͬҲ⣬Ȼܰ봿Ԫ˵ҲĪҫ
΢Ҳͷֲû˸ԼԭѾǼֲ֡
ʱ΢ͻУͻȻЩɽȺոûв˿΢ŷ֣ȺȻһ֡
һؾɵʿ


ڶʮ 壨һ
Էϴſ·ϴߣȻǿΪ˵΢Ҳᱻƭȥ˵ո΢ûϸ̽ûз˵ʵǶԷΪȼߣ洦һΪ΢ǻ
һؾʿΪȻвɸ˵ĿģһؾʿȨԶԸԪȻпвؾʿĶҲӮ٣ʵʵ̫浤ȷһأһ졣
΢ˣ˳д裬΢ͻ棬΢Ҳö£ҪŴԪ˾Ǵ̡
֮⣬΢ǲǾɽսҲЩջϵĵţƵƣ˭û¸ȥڣīɽڻߺոȥս
΢֪˸ȥΪдŵϣϲս¾ͿߵģĴţƣҪ֪ŷ緶
΢˴㣬ڼң¿ǾͺúýԪһ£΢ҪˣԪ΢¡
Ǹֳ˫ĵѾãʩչǴԪ˫ˣõҲһŶ⽣ҶԷɵʿ˿ѹ΢ЩӦӲϾ˱ͻȻУýʩչһŵ
ͼ˿дʣ˦ǻȼգһȭͷСĻ򣬻ǵΧֻ߶̾лּȻ׼ٶͻȻгҲǻһʩչһСֱӴǵˡ
ǵһ߶һҹȥȴǱϵĽ飬ӹǵʿۣԷ۴̳һӣָǵ˵ؿͣס
Ȼǵˡ߱һңҲֻ䣬һ⣬ԪڵӸкá
ʦý
һпޱȣˣ
ȨҲͷȻʩչһпҲˣһɵʿĵǵûҲ
ԪĽȷף֪ɵΣϾǵţǾǹӵܡʱǸΪ˼ɤ˵Ⱥ˳
ʦǰӰɽƵ˵Ȼʦǵк
Ԫһ⻰ȻǲˣŭĿԡ
ĻˣȻڴԪ˵˵һɽ
ΪʦЦһǲǺ˵˵һúұһ±֪ǲҡ
ѾǳƣԪһŭĿӣֻɵԪҲи֣ɾ綼ǺܸߣģȻ΢Ȩ
ȨڶҲСʿԪҲô꣬˶ǲ塣
ȻһֻȨ
ϵ߳üʦҪԵϵͻ㡣
㣿ʦЦ㲻ҵĶ֣Ǳԣɡ
˵˵
ƨ
ԪڵӼ˿ûѾŭɶȴǱȨ¡Դ΢ΪˣϵΪ⼸ҲͻͽΪľҲ˲٣ǰŭˣڣҲֻŭݣ֮ϻܿס
ǲǶ֣˲֪ǲңϽɽǡȨ˿չֳһɸֵķ緶΢Ҳͷ˿̵ȨѾ͵ʦԨһˣ˴ҷ緶
ЦЦ˵ĺӮƵģʦЦȻȻҪܵиͷǴԪҲǴģӮˣҲҪ𣬲ҪֻҪ㵱˵һ䣬ҴԪϡƽյҲӵܣˡɡ
ΣȨҲЩŭˣѹסһǳ⣺ôĵӣأ
ʦЦһˣƾá
ãһãȴ΢г˵ģ˿̽˻ֳΣߵǰʦٹȵˣˣΪװģͷ棬ʵʧ緶ô˵Ҳһš
ˣ
ţ
ԪǴϲȨҲһ㶣Ȼ֪ٹȵ˭ǵһ֪ٹȵ˺ʹԪлⲻĳԹҶԷǻʵؾɵʿԼǲ䶷Ӯ١
ңԷ⼸겻ܺ޴ûͻƾ磬ΪȻȹ̣ҲտԼһЩӮ棬ֻõɡ
΢֣Ȩ˿΢ڣͲˡ
ʦ΢Ļһ󻺻ժߣ¶һޱȵ
Ԫ΢Ǽˣٹȵ˴żʺ⣬֧飬ǰ΢ͣȻǶ֮ǡ
֮ǰھȥ״Ϊͨ츮Խ΢赹û뵽ȴǹһҲ飬һ뾩ϡ
֮󣬷ٹȵ˾뾡취Ҫ޵ѰʦҪΪֻΪôģ⼸ʱ䣬ΪûȴǱտࡣ
ʣ֮ͬڿʮսʤ
һźĵͷ
ΪаѪƵħˣȻŵɽ˵ˣ˺ֱת޵ϣһŽ޽аŵ
ΪˣŸϵԪ΢Ļ뷨ǾɱȨȻ΢΢ɱ˴𡣲΢֣ʡ顣
΢ŷٹȵҲ˿ûкøУԷ֮ǰƣն˻ţһֱڱСնԷȻˣ΢ûߡִܷ֮˾ǷٹȵˣҲ΢ԷһŷٹȵЯһٹңʦҲһټ϶ԷΪ΢³ݡ
ٹȵˣҪ㣡΢ʮ㣬Ҫ֪΢ڵս֮ǿ֮ͬڣܵУǱ΢һģҲٷְӮ΢
ɵС浤һԪ浤磬΢ѾǺ޳Ԫ񣬸һ֮ڣ֮£ܵС
˿̣΢Ȼ޳ԪЩ룬ҪԸһٹȵˣûκ⡣
˶и̣ٹȵЦһã΢գɥ֮ʱ
˵꣬Ѿȶ֣˦ֶһѱ
ЩӶǷٹȵƵķ˦֮һȼճһĴָСĻţǧֻһͬһ㣬΢
Ԫһǵֶ̫ˣһ־˸ĵֱɻꡣ
ͬʱٹȵѾȡħݣһ֮ǰֻӣԼʱʩչͷţֻҪһɣ΢ɡ
΢˿꣬ȴͻȻðһΣС


ڶʮһ 壨
Լֱ΢Ųɣһʩչ֮ееġƽֵԦ֮Ȼܲܽ⣬ͿʩߵľΪеľ硣
һϣ΢ռơ
һеĻʧ٣ֻдƬɢ䣬˵ЩÿһԻʯûл渽ţ΢ϡµԵֵ
΢һ˦ϵɰ鴮ͻһɳ΢֣ѾһԾգ֮͵˷ٹȵǰ
߸ոʩչħһ˿ܣ׼ʩչ΢һն㽫ٹȵ˫ն䡣
΢ٶȿ쵽ٹȵ˶ûüӦʿڣһֱӵķʽɱС
˫ûˣٹȵ˺ĵҲʩչŷӦҽһȻǷһ㣬ݺſ죬ҧǲ˿ܡ
һ̣ٹȵҧǲ˵ұۣ˲䣬΢оԼұ۴ʹоޱȣеɳѾǽٹȵ˵ĺ˸Դ
ߵ۾ﹾ༸һƬѪĭӣһ£ǵر
һ̣ٹȵ˻Ƿɳ΢ܷŹԷҲϣһѽץסԷֱͶ뵽ĹС
ڹ΢ǰ֮˵ĻǼֱͬϣ󡣴˿΢˿ոٹȵǹĲ˵Ȼһ㽫Լұ۷ϵ
һ£ǽֱɱٹȵ˿϶ԽǲұҧϣԼұǲҲϵ
΢֪Ѿ˵΢е̷ٹȵ˸ϴԪȻ̣УȫԸ˭ʤ˭˭˭˵Ϊʵٹȵ˲΢ֹһ磬ƫƫȴǲһ㽫΢ܣҲ΢һʨӲȫ
ֽڵϵǸ˼ĹŹȻûŷٹȵ˱ʧץˣ΢оԼƺڱ
΢֪Ҫպã뵽У룬ƽ΢ͲţԼ̱ƹǷٹȵ˻᲻͸¶ٲУѻ֮
ٹȵ˵һ䣬΢ɨһɽµˣĿдŲŭϡ
Щ˶ʱۼһں֮ڣոռ΢ǿֶʦѾŵǸεѣһ
ԪȻ鴫Ÿǵ˫˷㲻߶ˣ͸ǣ
ǣǣ
Щ˼ԣ뿪΢ڣȨҲͬˣ΢ʹͷôܻ׷Щ뿪
΢վס˭뿪ˣ
һǳ⣬ǰ׻ǲһʵ΢̫ǿҪϡ࣬ǰţ֪ʲôԸ
ȨҲ֪΢Ҫʲô׷׿ȥ
΢ǾãⴿԪ߾ߵĵطǰƣ˾һ֮£
ǰһɫѿһΪƱ˲ǰһ
΢һЦһֶֻѡ
˻
Щ˶ʱǵһһֻ֣ôԣ΢Ҳ̫׺ˣһŭɶŭ΢
΢ͻȻŭһȺСˣҪŴԪҪǺʧܵĺǣԪ߾ߵĵطԪӺڣ
΢˵꣬Ԫʮɽĳȣǰһڣ
Ⱥں֮ڵֶҷߣɱ΢ҪֶȻοԪöţôⱻɽսһҪıϣκ˴ҪѪĴۡ
Ҫ֪΢ҲʴˣţµľͲ֣ˡ
ǰȻԸ־ܣҪ΢˵ɱ˼Ҫˣʣµʵ
֣΢һ£ԪЩӼѣǰ˵ֶ
²ҽڶ
ԪĵȻͷһ£Ϊʿܲ꣬Ѫ⣿΢ôҲǸһΣͬʱҲǸдԪĵӣԪϣ£˭˭Ҫۡ
΢ѪɱΪһЩ飬ҪһЩأֻܽѪ֮ϣңԪĵҲҪЩԴ
Щ˱նһ֣΢ҲûΪǣֱӷɽ
֮˭ٸԪ£Ҫ΢Ƕ֣´ΣͲôˡ
ټеԪ΢Ըһ䣬󣬲ŵߣ֪϶£Աû˱ˣ
΢룬Ǿ˵γȥʦˡ
ʦһ㶣漴ϲģүʦˣ˼ɺãģ
ԵյĵãȻǼΪ𾴣˵ûǵãûн
΢ЦһȻ֪µĿ֪Ҳֻѣ֪ԼͶ
£΢ֻܵʦܺãģҲ֪ٹգͻԪʱʦͽ˾ͻ
һЩ΢û˵뻹Ժ˵ɡ
ϲޱȣ΢˺ܶ⣬Ȩʱ˵ǶѾˣ΢һ
˴Ԫ΢㿴Ԫӣ飬Ѿһŵӡ
Ϊ΢ӾʳǱ˳óǬǮ˵ԪʱʼûȱǮɽ¹ﵽ⽫ԪɣլԺµƷҲʮȫҩġʳǶٶٲȱŷΣñҲ֮ǰ̫࣬ԪӸӣ
΢˵Ӽæ񣬰ݼˡ
΢ãȻĴһһӽ𣬴Ԫںϵյӣʩ̣һ׳ɡҴ˷䣬Ϊڸ⣬Ԫӣÿ궼ɽһ£ɵʿʿֻ쳵ǲеģҲþʵսΪкô
΢֮ǰûʱúùɣڼңʱ䵹ˣⶨ˲ٹء
ԪڣȨȻʸϣҲԪֻأȴ޷£̫С㣬ָϣһЩ飬΢
΢˵˵ʱ򣬾봿Ԫ֮صһС·ϣڿ񱼣ǰһׯںĴ磬˸󣬴һ˫Ь󻹱һң·Ĳޱ߷һ˽죬һԾ𣬱ɷӳɾ룬ͬһ㡣
˿һˣڱӣ棬żˣͬٶȼ죬һһͼǰͻȻһʯסȥ·ׯں


ڶʮ ¾
ʯׯں˱֮Ťͷ׷Ǽˣֽ˽γŭǾʲôˣ
ٶȼ죬˿̷ּׯںΧסһɭɭһЦ˷ɣ˭֪Īǻ㱨Ȱʶʱ񣬴ĻϽ񽣵Ľ׽ұ֤˽ףٲ鷳
ǽ˷ɵׯںЦӶԷһһɨɱżʦֵܣףҵ˷ɲţ޷׳ţҲ̰֮ף붼롣
ֵǺο࣬㽫׸ǣҲɱǼʦֵܺ͵ӣִⲻǼҲֻǽɱˣپǣ㻹ǻ˵ġ
޳ܣ˷ɴŭ˽Ѿǰγǵ㣬Ȼ̳ʮĵˡǼȻҲƲǶԹһ˸һöŹֵ裬һ̣Χ֮ڣȻˮľήҲ֪ʲôаŷ
˷ɣŵĽˮǿӦ֮㲻ǵĶ֣һ߼սһҵ˷ɵǼϵļãʿԽǣƵ˷ɣʣɵʿտΪ֣ͣǵ˷ǽڽڰˣֻƬ̣ϾͶ˼˿ڣгҲԷӳǧصĻӲұΧҪ䶼ѡ
ɵʿдսʹ׵ж²ߣΪ׿ԽҲҪһʱ䣬ͬ޵ʿԵУһʱԾԺܶʱʩչĶֿԿʩĵ
ǧ֮һ̫һרŶԸֱӳֵеشǧԻ衣
˷ɶٻһǷ紸˱ɳȥʮɣ˽Ҳֶ
ϣֽնϣȥ̱ʣԸˣҲҪ񽣵ĽŪһ˳
һЩɻŵǿ֮ǰ˷ʩչȻɱǺüˣǿΣĹĸǶħΪηҪ£Ҫ񽣵Ľף
Ҫ飬ҪΪʲôֻҪհͺáȻ˵ҲûνҾҲˣӵĿħͣߣͷ˵꣬һ˷ɡ
˷紸Ϲͷ˺üҲˣҪȴֻ³Ѫ
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һļΪͻȻǰ˸ӦͱѪҺɵĽ̴Դе
ˣһ˶Ƭ̣նһۣһǷеıϮѪĽҲ顣
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ŵĽˮǿѪҺɲҲˮô˭뵽˾ȻԼѪʩչ
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Ϊ˰ȫ˻ʩչһͼȡ׭дʣһǧ׹
⼸׭㻯⣬˵˷֫ϡ
ÿһ׭õӳǧ֮Ī˵˷Ѿˣûˣĵ׭ȥҲ׼á
˷Ҳ֪޷ֶΣ˿쳤Ŵû뵽ҵ˷˷ڡ
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Ҳϣתߡ
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⸽ҲֻдԪȥطûط˾Ѿˡ
˴Ԫɽ£±˴Ԫɽӡ˿ûлױԱĿʾˣǴԪӺòŮӣһʱֱ˼˵Ҫˣżæɽͨ
΢ϢһʱϵɽţһȻ¡
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ǿɷ΢Ϊ٣Ȼɷֻ˲ʩչֶΣʿֻΪʿΨһʩչɷȻֵ΢⡣
΢ǰ̽һ£ȻҽǿԿ˷ɵĸѾˣκãΪҲԻָΪһɵʿҵĽˡ
΢ҵʦźҲһЩԨԴԣܾȣһ˵΢ͷ̰˽˷ɰúãԪҲжҽĵӣʵڲУȥҽΡ
ʱ򣬾ү˵ʦˣĶ


ڶʮ 
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΢㿪ڣȴ´΢ｻҾͺˡ
΢һҲǣһ뿪ֻʣ¶ˡ
һţҪ׷ȥǸȥƯĲ񻰵Ůӿڵ

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£΢ǲ£΢ԼΪţؾ̤Ԫ浤֮ҲǼΪѸ٣һ̤꣬ش󾳡
΢ֶΣڱ˵ؾʿ󾳣Ŀʿ΢Ҳһս֮
λԪ浤ĸҲڴԪ΢Ԫڣ϶ҪȨס档
æ˰죬ʱ֣źһ֣ӣʦͽˣҿ׵۾ǿ޹
΢֪ǽԼ˫׵ˣôûʦͽϣȻ˵Ļ
΢Ѿŵϲϯд£ϯ֮ϣҲںһ̸ֱŪ΢岻ϡ
˵ڶգ˵ĵ˷ˣҪ£΢ɳȥ̽ϢĵҲˣ΢һϢ
ţǰձɣ¾ֻ˷ɣ䲻֪ǺΪĿǰֻ֪֪Էڶ࣬Ϊܸߡ
΢һټ֪ǾǴԪ˷֮²й¶䡣˷ô˵Ҳ󾳵ɵʿŵĵ̸ǳԪҶɣȻ֮Ӵ󡣶ˣ΢ٵǶãһ֪˷ڴԪ˵¡
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˵ְ⼸չߡҲϢԼİţ֪ԨҲ
˵ɳдɶԼץס¼СӣҪԼϳٳΪ£ԨѾȥҹºüˡ
΢֪Լ»ص˾ĿԲˣ뵽Ҫ뿪Լһ¹ļ˾΢ҲЩ˸СҲûӣɳٳϵˣ˼ץȨƵСӣҪ㣬Ҫǣ˼λȨأ˵һ仰ܶǰ̣ʲôӣ
΢֪˭ڹԼ
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飬ǶԷҵһڰˣǲ£ҲܴطץԼİѱ
˵΢;еһǹȥٲܵκιְڣ΢Ϊ꣬˵ǹպգԼһ׹ϵͿɽδؾûת
΢ûȥһ΢Ĺְ⣬ɳԺѾΣһֱû̸£
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˷΢ģԺΪ飬Ժɹһֱҧ΢ţǱƵĶͣ΢Ĺְɹ򶫳ռ΢һв֤ݡ
ֻȻһ¹ȥǲûҵʲôмֵİѱ
Ҳ΢û෴ĹǼɹٵѰãȴǴڣΪٵģĿûкʷĿһȾ˭뵽΢ˡ
˿ڶһլԺɹٶǺɫŭ
΢ѿаⶫҲһ£Ǹá˾Ǽ˾˵΢ְĵطˣȻûҳʲôмֵĶĪǣ΢磬û𣿡һɹ˵֮ǰ˸󷨣Щ
ʲô٣ұ㲻ţǴؼټбɡڳˡһɹ˵
ߣûУȻλɷ˻ǰ׵ģҲҪɺڵģ٣ٸԭְǻȥý
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˵Ȼûҳ΢ѱѵαһЩ֤ݣԩһΣ
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ԼԼ㾿ʲôӣ˵
΢ǿǾͽȥ٣ɹ٣ǳɹһص˵
˵꣬ɹٶһ㶣˵ɣôȵɹ٣ⲻǸ΢𣿡
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ȷǴƣ뵽һطһƷɹٵĹְȱһ룬ʺ΢ȥһɹٹЦ
ʲôط
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ڶʮ Ϊʲôȥ
ҩɽǵط֪˵ҪҲҪ˵ˣһȺҩҩ԰ӵļһѾûܴˣ΢ȥҩ԰ӣһãͲˣ˵겻ɲҪ󣬻ᱻ𷣣˶˹ְҲġһɹټüɫ衣
ãǱôˣǱȥ£Ҫ쵶ն飬췹΢Ը⣬Ҳɲ
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ߣɳ֮ҲأģǸʶĹɣԻӵң΢Ĺ٣ƾʲôܾ
ǣôɣ

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峿΢ȴǲôá
Ԫڣ΢ŵ˷ɣҲǸпǧҲһ֮󾳵Ϊ˵иɷǿߣû뵽Ȼ䵽ⲽء
ϸ룬Դû˿ɽ
ϵ˵ŵ֮ɽһλɵˣǱնɱɽ磬˶š
֪ûӻŻ裿
Ԫ֮Ϊ΢ڣ˭֪΢٣ƾһ㣬û˸ҴԪ⡣
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ȻԵ˷Ϊ壬΢ۏˮ˷ɣֹ٣׽һǡ
˷ǰվҪ΢΢ȴǶûζԷί£΢Ѳֻ
֮Բ΢֪˷ɶȻҪԼæǣ΢æ
Ȼ˷˵һѸмĻ󣬱΢̽ǰ˵ĵϸҪȻ˷˷ǳ˵ǾԸ⽫ó͡΢ܾˣ˵ЩͨǶԷóνɷ΢Ҳᶯġ
ʿΨһʩչɷһͷΣ񽣾Ϊһֵɽҩ˵ɷжһõԸŵ̾ͻᶢϴԪԪѶԸΪһɷ׶ôһˣȫûбҪ
Ҫǣ΢Ҫʲôɷ
ľɵѾ㹻ˡ񽣾ǿҲ΢һˣûҲûʲô
ԣ΢ܾʮָɴ࣬Ľ΢ҪģֻҪ˷ûãסڴԪ
ţĳ󣬴˷ܴ˴ѣȴ֪˭ĳΪ٣ҲҪ֪˭ܰҴ̽ҵϸĳԸŵഫʳԡ˷Ҳһʦ˿ȴޣ֮ȻѾħ
΢ҡͷ£Ѿܾˣ˷ɻᣬ΢Ҳٶ˵ֻǵȺúɡ
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˷ȻżȴǺް취Ȼ΢û˼ҿŵĵæҲûʲôƫƫ˼ҿϡ
ڵ˷ûˣΪѻ٣ǿ֮α
뵽ͬŵӣ˷ҧˡ
˳һҪһЩǳֶΣΥ壬ҲҪ𣡡˷ׯںϾһǼǿ˿Ͷ·ֻǱС
Щ΢Ȼ֪
һ֮󣬸ոҹ΢͵õææ
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Լܲܵ٣Ϳˡ
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΢ûж࿴ȻƷ٣Щ˱ǲ˲٣Եͷǹ
΢´˿ޱ飬ϲŭ΢ˣֱʵɳ˵ҪȥҩɽְλƷٽΪƷɹ٣飬ٽȻһͬɹΪ𣬱㣬Ըǰȥְ
ʵʮֱӣûκ̵棬΢ȴǱһ
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΢飬ʵϣ٣ĿģҪΪɹ٣΢Ϊ֮Ŀꡣ
ȻֻǾƷֻҪɹ٣ĵ·ʹˡ
΢ҲɵӣǶеè塣ҩɽְҩɽʲôط΢ҲһЩ˽⣬֮ǰҽһҩɽĹ£˵ˣһټҵҩ԰ӣﵱ٣ҪӱϼѡɳΪλͻȻֵʲôɸ˵Ŀģ޽µҲ֣ȻԼԸԸǰȥְ
ɳԸԸ⣬ΪԸԸ㶼ȥ
µƺԼֻҪԸ⣬ҲԲȥ
ֿһǼɹ٣΢һˡЩɹ߲ƣԼ֮ǰҲ˵ɳԺ˼ɹ٣ҪԼ״⼸ˡֻǣȻʲôûڳԣǺܿ˶ΣҪֶͨΣԼ䵽ƫԶҩɽһ֧֣ԼȻǾٲά裬ǳɹ٣Ҳù
ɼˣ»ԼԸԸ⣬Ǿ˵ҲЩɹٴʲô⣬ŻԼ
ֻҪԼܾ޽±ȻؾɳǴ£˵ʱûκκôɳһЩɹٵĲϲһǽͳ׶ԼɹٵĿܣ룬ɳҲԺôܳΪɹ٣
һ˲䣬΢ЩͷνԾȥȻᱻСЬûĸȻǾٲά衣ȥ۽£ңԼԺ󲻿ٳΪɹ١
΢ûôǣ˾ϡ
ȥ
Ϊʲôȥ
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뵽΢Žºֱһ񣬲ŵ޴ˣȻɳ΢Ը
ºȻ΢֮ǰһе˼ڸл΢˵Ĺؼϡ
ɳȻ֪΢ȥҩɽȻǴƣûӣɳҪأ˵ʱȴֵΪô
΢֮⡣
µ˵ͷû˵ʲôҲ΢һۣһ˿ΡȻ΢Լˣ˿ȴﲻʲôæ


ڶʮ 
λǺ£ɹȻҪΪ磬ҩɽɳټҩԺΪҪ΢ȥȻԴչȭšһɹټ΢Ӧ˿֮ǰ½ΥҲ䲻ôںˣֻҪ΢ȥˣ̫෨ӿ΢
ߣǼԹˣȥǸˣһߣ̫˿Ǽɹ棬һӣһɿֲХǼɹٻ˵ʲôȴֱӱһɨسš
ɣڽǰҲֻаķݶ
޵ֻʣ½¡΢ˣŭδһһ۽£Ȼŵ޴ˣЩȻ⣬ͬ΢˵ɳΥ΢ҲΪǿǡ΢ѧ֮ѡȥҩɽδؾͲܳͷء
Ȼô˵ԼҲˣǵҩɽҲûʲôǶԷľ֣룬ҩɽǱߵ˿϶΢£΢ܳͷ
£ǽ޶ûʲôӣӰֻ磬ֻܿ΢Լ
ڽº꣬΢ģʱҲûҪ˼鷳Լ飬ԼϾԼˡ
ȵ뿪޵΢ȥ˳ԨѾã΢ҪȥҩɽְԨҲǿеè塣
벻Ȼ޳֮ˣɹ٣ǲõԨһݣ΢Լģ¹һЦ磬ˣֵǽұˮڣûʲôɵĵġ
֮䣬ʮ㡣
ԨҲǱ΢İȾͬǹһЦ̸¾ϯԺ΢꣬ͻȻҪߣԨ΢жЩᡣ
ã΢ǣ˷΢ҪһЩɲµ֮ǰְͣã˿Ҫߣŷ⿴ɭֲȴǲ֪жٻͲᡣ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ΢Ҫȥ˾Աɳ֮󣬱רŵȥؾĨ΢֡ؾ΢ĹΪͣͲǰɢ
Դ΢ҲûӣΪΪɹ٣飬Թؾȴûͬʱ飬һ΢
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΢Ҳ֪ոȥ˾ͱǰһĻһ
˾ڣ˼ϣǼ˾ĹԱõĺܶʶҲˣȻǶ֪΢Ҫ飬ǰС
ǰϰˣ΢ҲǸпǧ³˹һҲǻ
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ˣ˷ǰȥҩɽмСģ
ԣǸɵĲ˳ģͻǶԶǴļң
΢Щθ֮ԣҲǹһЦԺʲôҪͷλλǧҪŶ
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ǹߣɡȡǶˡʶ꣬ǵмȫ΢һģ΢ǵһЩˣԶĵλ
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ݶ鲻Ϊ뿪ʧֻҪ΢ҪȻǺԥǰ
΢֪ԸǸмһһл֪Ʊͱ磬΢ܾˣûҪộ˿࣬Ҵ˷ǰȥҩɽһе͵£΢ҲлҪȥҩɽҪ
ʱһһĹ޸УЩǵϢĹţеǰ΢ִƼ˾һʱ˵ɼȻһѾõļ˾³ƿضţЩŵ΢Ҳÿһġ
ֵϵùɣ΢Ҳмӡ
΢һʱҲЩܳȻЩһ΢ȫգǰɳԺļһﻹûߣְѱ΢ǲץġ
лЩѣ΢֪Լٲߣ֪ҪֳʲôӣԼΪѣ˹һŵ΢лλ̧˷΢ǰȥҩɽְ󣬾΢ˣ
˵꣬̾ߡ
΢ĹΪҲ˾ĹҪ뿪ǹɳ֣˭סߵĸɴࡣ
ȵ΢شԪҲѾճ֣΢ѣҲ̾˿ܿҩɽԼɳ;¿ˣԼʱ򶼻̤ɹ֮С
ɹٲͬ٣ΪҪߣϾ֮ڣʵΪ΢֪ԼɵΪҪץˡڹΪ΢ԼѾӵؾĨȥһѾ޳ɵĹΪʧѾӦһЩ顣
Ȼ΢֪ȻǱӵؾĨȥȴ³֣˵֪֮ڣҲ֪
鴦ˣԪ΢Ҳð׵Ͼҩɽ֮ͬڣԼΣճɷأҩɽ봿Ԫֹ֮ңȥҩɽ٣ԪҪˡ
֮ǰ΢ЩģȨʱԣʱ䳤˿϶ǲУĻ͸˵ˣǺʵڣ£Ԫ浤磬Ѿǵͬɵ󾳵ΪԪ㹻ˡ
ʲô鷳һֵܵϣ˵һʧ
֮⣬⼸Ѿʼ񹦡͡ɳ񹦡ɣлͻƵ浤ڶغ浤磬ˣһˣӦԸ鷳
ȻҪͻƾ磬ҪʡŬ͹еҩǸãԼҪȥҩɽְɳĹٷҩ԰ӣŪһЩҩӦò⡣
뵽Щ΢Ѿ˵
ˣ΢Լһ˵˱죬˵־ϲϲȻ΢ԳΪɹ٣Ҳ΢뿪Ԫô죿΢Ȼ϶ԪֻҪ΢ڣԪ±е΢ҪߣԪô죿
´˿ɫЩŹ֣΢һۣԹ֮ɫ΢㲻ҪԪɣòֿ
΢һ²ò˫ǱѩԼĴ㶼µˣЩΣĻҲ˵ˡ
̾˿Ȼ΢Ĵ㣬ոǻҲֻ˵˵ѣȻҪ΢֪գܲΪǣ
ڵ΢ǰȥҩɽְǴ£ӣڴԪŵùңʱͻƵԪ浤磬㽻ִơ
µΪȨʹԪ֪ģΪǰȨдһƷӴǾη񡣼ȻԸԪǾûʲôˡ


ڶʮ ǰȥҩɽ
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Ůˣ΢ȷǱ
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һȥҧ촽˵ӣҲֻ΢ǰŻչֳ
΢û֪ڷɧŮ˼Ϊ˵΢ٶһЩϾһ΢Ҳк֪ġ
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˾ôţ¶ϿŷУƺǨϦµգܲ
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˵֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣ˷ɱɱ˫ۣʲô鶼΢ص룬ԼΪϣۿʲô
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Ȼǵ˷һЩΥ壬ΣԪ飬ҥ˵񽣾˴Ԫ΢Ҳ
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ˣֲܵôĹ٣Ȼսթ
ǣսթ΢ôᣬ̤ǰҩɽĵ·

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ŵڣ޽ɽ֮µһܶУͷٲˮɽׯɽׯˮųҲˣҲˮɾ֮ơ
˿̣Ѿˣͬ˼ɾĵطȴǱһȺռݡ
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ֿ־мֱݵģͷŵɫ԰ףȴ֪ٶ˵ֻ˷ʱ䡣
֪רƳġħơһʱԼ˵ֻҪͷһͻöٸߵΪҲûá
Ȼʱ䣬Ǿʱ䣬һӶС
ͷܳȥ̽ʣһƷ裬ãŵƽԪȻˣһɣȱ裬̸̸ģա
˵꣬ƾðһˡ
ΪȻܸߣͨĳֶ֮ȴһۣ΢Ȼϳ˾ȻǾɽڵ½ǧ
ΪŹֵǸ½ǧ
˿̣½ǧһЦħħ֮£ĵ֣ȴ֪ΪζһôȤ
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½ǧҲǻƽԪЦ˼һƤȻǱȲұĿôҲΪǵĴҵ
ҵħҲǹһЦҵ飬κϣħǹĵ飬ƽԪҲκϲˣΪ˭
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ߣħ˼ɱ⣬ʱһħ𣺡ҪСƽԪ˵˺͹ħʬйϵܲòҪ
˵ħȻһֻ˶򼣬ͷƤ飬ո˵ģȻֻ򼡣


ڶʮ ҩ
ǻƽԪ֮ǰȥһЩ飬ЩƽԪҲǵ֣ͼ󣬴˺Σգԣޱȡ
ħ¶м֮ɫһʬħѣʲô˲ģȲϵħȲħҪɱһ㡣͹ħʬйϵҿҲҥħʬħ֮һѾɳѹӡôܺͻƽԪйϵ
ȥƽԪ˵ȷǲ򵥣˵ǹħʬ֮һ
˵ħɫһ䣬ȻǻƽԪͬ˵ǹħʬķ֮һǵȷԼǵģ⴫ԣֻ֪һֱŰˡ
ߣǴмֿţΣħ룬Сħʬħ٣Ѿ䣬ĪɳܷŹħʬߣԣǻƽԪ
ҲԼףϸһ룬Ҳеû˵⣬ǻ˸񽣾Բˮ񷨣
Ҹ׺˵ģѵм𣿡ħһֱҲǵ˷Ҳ鷳˽Ͼɳĵ̣ǷҲǺǷȥңʵҲǾȻȥ񽣾ȴǱص֮˭ңҾɱ˭

뿪Ԫ̤ҩɽ֮ã΢ҹ·ҩɽλڶһ֮ϣ΢зţҲҪʮշɵ
Ƕ֮ϣһƬ޺Уб׵磬ΪгɵɵʿҪɹҲǼѣҩɽڶ밶Ҳ룬΢ΪҪɹһƬûʲô⡣
գ΢Ѿǵ˶֮ĿȥԶһƬ󺣣󺣷йɵĴͬһֻֻεĴƹУʪζֻǿƬ̣΢ͷ˽նɺͷΪ΢Զ֮ױԼǿжɺҲԴ΢Ҳںһ죬ǰնڸ·ʱʮֵĳԣ
΢ڶ򸽽һȥ
֮λʮ˹ĶҲǹⶫʵҲǿʮ˹УֻΡȻһ˹ǿʢı׼ǵŵĶٺ͵ȼЩɽҲǱ׼֮һ
ڣīɽڣոЩţǿʿǳʥɽܣȻʮ˹УⶫͲ࣬ͬ΢ҵһ򣬲󣬾ͬһ㣬Զǰ㷱
΢ʿͨУǾһ㣬Ȼ΢ڳУֻڳصĵط£ȻŲжȻҪһҿջúϢһո·¶ޣ΢Ȼ£˯ĺһЩ˭ܾأ
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΢ȻɵʳҼȻطȻҪƷһ΢ڣǳһЩûԹĶҲʶɵΪҲкô
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һ棬΢ѾüˣڵϻһʮĴǵС˿涣޴롣
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ϣõĵҲаɣԳơǱһȺŰۼһں֮ڣרõˣƭǮ·һĻֱ͡Ǳַһģһ
΢һ꣬ûٶԸ⡮Ǳˣû뵽ˡ
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ǵСȻȲˣæƹ΢ľܳȥ
΢ûټҪŪԼ֮ǰĲ²Ǵģ͡Ǳûйϵ


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ЩŰΪƿ˵ǲֶΣյĵˣȻƭЩƽͷܵĲƸẦɢ
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Ҫ˵ɳҩв˿һ˳ȥ΢Ҳ˳Ƹں棬Ⱥһջ⣬΢Ϳ֮ǰǵСһµ۵ϵʿڿͷ
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΢ۿϵʿȫװģԷͷֻһƣҲ˵ֻǸո̤ɵСʿһƻȹ̣Ϊһ磬ʵǼֱǲײࡣڵɵʿУϵʿĴŴǾЦ󷽡
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˵ЦˣǼֵ֮ǰֻǾƺˣЦĻǧ棡ϵؾᣬо顣
𣿡ȴǻ벻⣬߽ƺ޷ֱߵԱϡɨһϵĽȻŵǵɵһĵļһѣȻ˺ԼǮ뿪ΪԼмＸˣǣ£Ҳˡ
˵꣬ͻȻѣһģһŸӡХһ׳׳ҽһڵϡ


ڶʮ 
֣ɱһˣϵ״Ҳ̱𣬰γֱӴ̹ȥ
ˣһֳָϵȥһȡһŷ׭Ȼʩ
СλЦһûϵֵӵĹ˸䷨
ʱҲʩչϵһʱĳѾµĺ󱳣Ǹ׳еĸֵҲͬʱµϡ
ֻһ̣ǸоһϣȻû˵Էֺ
µϵЩʶ˿һɫǱʩĺЦµҲסػ
⺺ӽʱ䣬ͨ׭ʩչͼһ𻷳ź·ӶȥֻǾʱǺϵһһ̣ǻ𻷾ȻǱȥһ㵵׳ȼƬ֮ڲҽеճһŽ̿
ϵ˿һ֣ٴҲ֪Լͺ²̫󣬵¾Ҫܣֻǻûܳ͸оһͷһؿѾһѪͲҪǮһӿǵر
ڳֵ׳Ѿϵ֮ǰˡ
ʼһƵ׳û͸˿ѾǴڵ⣬·ǿḯʴһ˴룬ԿƿĶƤ¶ڳʴࡣ
һ΢һϵĽһգȻ˰ѻլԺ
ʵϣλ³֮΢֪ԷûŹǱ⼸ˣλΪĸߣѾɵСʿʵǿԸǱＸ飬ȷǲѴ֮
Ȼ΢΢Ҫ飬λΪΪ΢ģλºǱһ֮ѡ
΢ûûԸ¡
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תһ룬Լĺ¡
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΢һõĿջס£Ȼ㹻ĽȻûбҪڽʡһҹ΢жȹţڷҲǱġ
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Ϸƽ˾΢ٶȺܿ죬ʱͿһ޴ĵ졣
źԶԸܵ⵺ϳԣޱȵԪɽǼֱС׼ףֵһᡣϣһ޴ĸɽٸߴɣٽһЩԿ춼һƬдУȻ֮ɫ
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Ҽ˶Ÿֽ鱦ֻΪ˵ҩɲʩġ
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΢һҲûкƽϣǵ˶Ʒ΢ɳҩɽΡ
˵꣬Ƿ¶һЦݣϣִˣǵһμ棬ûϳԺȥϹ١
˵֮תߡ
΢ȻóһϷʹӶԷ׾ӵķӦȻ֪Լݣ˵֪ҩɽ£ԼһǾϳˡ
˭ǰ֪ҩɽ£
ǿ϶ĻˣҪԸԼǾͿ󣬶ԷȻøַԼԤ˸ֵļƻ
΢׼ﲻ΢Ȼܺ΢Ҳ۸ΪʾܽģȻҪǾͶ˭˭
Ȼ΢ö˻֪ԷĴ㣬ǾԼϾȥҲòôʱ䡣
Ϊ׼΢ҲҲգֵƬ̻Ƿ»΢˵ת̾ߣһûӰ
ŵһֱڶ΢ΪԷɵĵһ죬ûʱˣһʱЩͲ֪룬¾ܵһ˯Ƿֹ档
ˣֹһ㶣ɫ΢䣬Щĵ£΢ϾƷɹ٣ôʰɣѱǵ鷳
ǷֵЦһʲôǷ˰Ҫ΢ģ߾ˣ飬ߣд﷢˻ҪԸ΢ɹ٣Ҳ˼졣


ڶʮ ֻ
ô˵»ǲҵ̶ȥĶͷ˾˵˸
ϹͬǾƷɹ٣ҩɽɽٷϲ֮룬ߣ££΢թ㣬ס´μ˵Щ鵢һ£ɽ֮뿪㽫ʱҹװŲڣúһ죬ɱɱСӵ
Сˣƺðɣ׼Сεķ¼æͷ
˵ʵССһ£ȻҵþƷɹ٣һҲҡԭҪԸ΢˵д˵˻ҩɽٰƷɹշ˶ҪԸ΢һССĹĸҲԾ⼱ȷ档
˵ڶգ΢βºʹ죬΢ɽ
ִˣƣ˷ˣ˱ɽ·Щ鵢һ£ȥ֮󣬲Ѿˡ˵飬ƺǹ΢ߵ硣
΢Ȼò𴩶ԷʵϣµǴв֪ⱳָʹ֮ȻҪԼЦԼΪ˵Ѷ߳ŭпɽ°ٷְҲᱻˡ
Ȼ΢ôҲȻᱻץѱ㲻ܣҲԼΪЦɹ٣ȻǱһСС¸ѣȥɺͳʱȻƲĹٿ
ֶΣ΢ʱû뵽ҲһȻ΢ԷͼͲȦꡣ죬ԷҪԼ죬Ҳֻ࣬ͬ΢Ӧ֮
ǰһӣ±˾칫ǲ֪ڲڣȥͨһ¡
˵ţǰߡ
ͷõģװţû˻Ӧ˵ʱ³ȥˣ΢Եȡյͷʿ汬Ҳ΢һҪǣһ˭Ƶ΢
ˣ˿˵
¼Сܵſڣ׼ŵʱͻȻһԤ֮顣²֪ģȻһΪǰ㣬¾Ȼʧȥƽ⣬Դֱֱײľš
ȻأľҲܽʵӦû£˭֪ľžȻӦƣײ飬ֱӹʺԽӣķϲһǺ«ʲôҩ
£ʲôν·£ߴ·˲ȻԸͷԺҪСһЩඡ΢һ˵һӣ⻰һ˫أȻһƷɹٹٷ˹һ񣺡λӦñɽ˰ɣ
ִ˰ɣʧԶӭĳûɽӭִĪҪְϲܿͻָҲɹ٣ΪɵĿ󾳣ɹٵУΪǵ͵ˣɵ±ٲãҲ󾳽ɵʿôܾô
һ⣬˵΢ʲô˵ʵûзû֤ݣ˵ʲôҲûá΢û뵽ԷȻǻ鷳һʱϲҲ΢磬ֻǿ˵
˹ҪѲ΢ԼȥŴ˱΢һЦſƺϲ롣߼æ޷޷ִզֲϤҩɽ·Ҵȥ
ǣͷˣ΢˵ţһƣǷϲûϵ£ֱ˳ȥ΢ں棬ȴɨһ£ȻҲ߳ȥ
´˿Ǻ޲Ҹطȥ֪ԼˣȻ֪Լ϶Ǳ˸ˣҺ˿϶΢Ҳ˵ʲô
ƾ޾ݵģԼָһɹ٣ǾǻòͷˣɵЩ΢ΪɣЩ֪΢ĳְ취Ҳ˵Ϊ˼ҲܳϣʱùĻԼ
鷳ǣ˽Ĳ¸ˣȻʲôû˵Ϥ˵Ըʲôû˵¡
ˣˣ¿ô죿ְ֮ҲɵͷˣŪѣ΢ʩʲôȻҸˤҾȻײľƳɵŰ壿
΢ȷʩչֶΣûɱУϸ˿˿߽Էţʵײȥ֮˲䣬õƵġ
Ҫ˵ˣˣֶΣ΢治˭⻹΢飬Ȼ³ԵĿͷࡣ
һ·ϷϲĻܶ࣬ƺ΢Ļ΢ҲϹǻˣ̫˿ȫ˻ȥһֱҩɽǷϲûд̽ʲôõϢ
ִԺȥŴˣϲʱڴ֮΢˵һ䣬߽ΪĴ
΢ֻܵ棬ֱֳеĻأʵ֮ϣڴΧй죬ſϷһңдšҩ֡
ʥ֣΢һҩ֣̾ϳʥд֣һʥ⣬ơ
ſ뻹һͭҩɣźԶŵһҩ㡣ʵϣҩɽһҩ㣬񣬰ﲻɳټҩԺ
Σ΢ûеȺܾãϲʹҩ߳һЦ⣬΢һִֵˣŴڴҪƬ̣ŴæˣȻỽȥ߻й񣬾Ͳˡ
㣡Ҳǹ˵
ϲˡ
΢ȴ̾˿֮ǰԷ΢⣬ڣ΢һжûС
ΪͬϲֻǾƷɹ٣΢ҲǣҶԷΪȻĿ󾳣΢ɵؾ޹Ԫ浤ΪͽĿʿˡ
۹λΪ΢ǷϲȻԼвУҩɽ٣ҲǰƷɹշ壬΢ʲôжûʹ
һ˼ҩɽ٣ǹλģշˣҲαɣ˾ˣǿߣ΢ܼвУ
ԣֻǵš
£΢ʹȵ䣬ҹ֮Ҳûһ죬֪ж·ùŹֵ΢˸һмͲ⣬˱Ц
Щ΢֪ȻշǹˣԷҪ΢ѿַʽˣ΢Լշ壬ϲ΢ҾҪѿ㶪
΢֪Է֮ˣȻǷϲ֮ǰ˶ԷڽôԼ
Ȼף΢ûӣзŭޱȣҲֻܹĺڵ⣬ʵʵš
Ȩƣ
΢ٵɹ٣򣬾ͱֻ̡̣
̲סжԷ»΢ûбֳ˿ͷͷŭ鵭Ȼվһһҹڶճ΢ûֺ
˽ҩ΢һЦָָ㣬΢벻⣬һֱȵ󣬿Ҫ䣬һһ߳ΪִˣŴȥ˵
΢˿ͷȻ߽ҩ


ڶʮһ ȥҩ԰
ҩڣ˿кüɹٷεվǰһһŰƷɹٷεһ΢ͷҲ̧΢һۣԷͷڶɵĻǣ˵ҫʣΪ϶ҩɽ٣շ塣
շվһ̹٣ȻǷΪʵǿһ˫۾΢Ŀ˺ܲӦ
֮ûк΢΢ҲǼˣִ٣ǰһ¹΢ݼҩɽŴˡ
ΧľƷɹټ΢Ƿ׷׶ɫ죬󶼴ųЦȻͱ淣վһҹ¹ٺǺ棬ǲмͱ˿΢ӣ϶ù
շͷҲ̧˵͸żΪԵĲ⡣
΢ȡշָһ͵С
ֶΣ΢ƤһԷȡߵԼȻǺ޲˾ˣȻԷʿ۹΢Կ϶ԼڵΪˣֶȫҲһжס
鷳ǣշȻǴԼˣԷΪָߣһԼϹ٣󣬽ӽεȼѡ
շ彫е£˿΢ĵȻ΢ȻɳϹٵҩɽְҪ¹ȥףһףвͨġǽĲûã÷򷣣ٲ顣֣һɳ飬ӽǾƷɹˡ
¹ٶȻְ𣡡΢˵꣬շסĻ̹٣ҩɽλʲôȱ𣿡
ȻһԵ̹٣óһӷŴˣҩɽûпȱĹλŶˣҩ԰ȱһҩ١
̹˵꣬΢һۣǴżЦ
֪ˡշ˵꣬һ΢΢Ҳˣҩɽȱֻ֣ܽ㰲ŵҩ԰ҩ٣ְǿҩ԰Ҫֲɳʦĸҩġ
ҩĹ٣
΢Ȼ׼ЩΣǿִйŵ٣˵λȨأ󡣶ڵɹ٣ȴֻһҩ԰ӵС٣ˣ϶ǽܲˡ
΢ûзϻǵͷ¹ֻǿҩ԰ֲҩ¹ٲóи
ЩСҲʱ٣ȥԼʣˣ°ɣԻ˴ȥҩ԰Ҫ֪ҩɽҲֻߴҩ԰֮һشÿɳҩɽ´ҪֳҩǶģߴҩ԰Ҫ̯ҩ԰Ҳһ겻ɣݹֱٹ¹졣շޱ˵˵꣬ڰ֣΢뿪
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΢һˣ˺ݣһۣӥǣһ³ۣһЦݡ
΢ϵˡ
ϣɱǱĸ˵ľ¡ôһԼߴ֣˵ʵ΢һٸģǲҲ֪ǷɸԼĹ£ʵϣǱ˰Լġ
΢˿ûбֳȲҲ䣬ʮƽȥҩ԰Ȿٳէҽҩɽ
ҩ԰ƫƧҩɽıԵϣһɽ·Ҳߣȥ֮󣬿ԿƬҩ˿ûκβҩƺķáҩΧЩõΧԱߣмӡ
ɽϣһ㵭ʮְ
ִˣǷҩ԰һĿҩ¸΢ܵ΢ɨһۣû˵·ϣһЩҩɽ飬Ҳ˵˲٣٣΢ǽ˽һЩ
˿̣΢뵽˿ɫʲô£ȥǺȥ֮΢һ˼ĵ·
ҩɽ֮ϣҩ԰ֻ߸ҩ԰һ֮⣬ҩɽǰƷɹշ棬ܹȫ֡ľƷɹһ˸һɽķϲԼڵ߸Ʒɹ٣Էֹһҩ԰аˣ飬ҩūˣڳĽɫ
ȣҪȥרŸҩūĹһЩҩūϾҩҩˮʩЩ飬ҩū
ҩūȥȡݺ͸ҩӣ鷱࣬Ͼһҩ԰޾ϸòġ
Ȼһҩ԰Ҳô򵥣ɳҩɽҪһֳٶҩģЩҪҲ̯ҩ԰
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Ϊոչȥջ񼾣ҪһŻϽҩġҲǹˣԼҩ԰һϽһݣһƷҪǧƷҪǧƷ٣Ʒݼ١
΢ûиɹ£Ҳ֪϶ɡ
ƾǼĵأ
΢ܴ
Ǻ΢϶ײʲôмֵĶ»ÿԼ
˵ڶգ΢Ǻ¿ҩ԰Ȼȥҩū
Ͼֵûǲеģֻ΢˵طǸҩūĹȻ΢ͿȻڷܣ˵ҩ԰˽󲿷ҩūˣʣµĶһЩУִ˲ҲȴȥһЩ
΢ЩҩūһУҪôһЩޱ֮ʣ϶רԼ
΢ϵԷֵطԼʹӣ۹۲죬ѡ˶ʮҩūȻһУʮҩūУмܲ򵥡һȥȳһȵͷȻһؾɵʿ
ԷҲ֪ʲôӣϢ΢΢ۣѷͷΪҪ֪ؾΪһЩνĹ¶Ҫ
Ȼ΢Щ˲šȫ˹Щҩūȥҩ԰΢һ˳ȥҩ԰˿һ΢ЩըΡ
Щҩ԰ҩ԰ֱ˵΢̨ҩ԰ҩ԰ʮ޴ҩеҩģ˵飬ΪһЩƷݣɲһġȽҩ԰ֻĿҩǿտҲ뵽һĲ΢ܲŭ
ŵ۸ԼҩһݵĲҪץԼѱ˽Լߡ
ȥԩ״ƽ
˭ô棿ԸԼģҩɽ٣϶УԽ״ҲҲ·ҾҵˣΣ
˼һ仰ȥԼһܸϹٵҩɽߴҩ԰һĲ񣬾ƾһ㣬շͿڲ֮أշȻôһ˺·ʱԼǻȦ


ڶʮ ȳ
뵽΢ѹŭҲòϣԷһգԼϤָԼһķϵҩ԰겻ɲ񣬾Ҫӣջǣ˼ҸøĶ㣬õǹٳĹ㣬һƢûС

ҩշ漸ҩ԰ٵĻ㱨ɫһ˿⣺СͲҪˣˣ΢һЩеҩūûʲôʵ壬΢ץǵİѱȥáԺ΢ҪʲôǸʲôΪƾҩ԰ǲֳݵģ˵΢ֻһէ֣ǵκһ˭һʱҩ԰ֳ˵һЩƷҪ󡣡
ʻ漸ḻҩ԰ϸһ룬ҲͷŴ˵ǣκһҩ԰ǵطֳݣ˵һľϵˡ
׾ͺãȥɣţ˭Ҳ׼΢ľϵľϵ㲻ܴݣһ֮ݣҾͿڰĹ١շڰ֣˼æ¡
ȵЩ˶뿪֮շһһݵϹ٣¶Ѿ׵һ֮󣬰Ǹ΢٣û˹λһʿˡ
ݵķ򣬴˿̾ȻƾðһӰӰ˵һ䣺úã΢Ǻ֮ǣֻɱԸƽŭɽҲкͱһĴڶְֻ취Ը̲ǹλұ;ˣ㡣
ǣΪϹٷǣµңշһܳ˵֮Ӱֵ⼸վҪȥչأ֮֮ȵɹߣһЩ˱㲻Ҫ˼ɺͼɵˡ
˵꣬Ӱͬˮһ㻺ʧ
һЩʱ򣬹ҩūĹԴʮǿ׳ҩū͵ҩ԰΢Ȼյȫգȵǹ¸뿪΢Žеҩū
˿Ѿվˣһʮҩū˿̹վ
΢ɨȥЩҩūȻȾ˶ҪǿϾǴҩɽҩɽ֮ڵҩ֮ÿպ٣ȹ塣΢֪ЩҩūҩɽķˣͬһŵĵһЩҩū˴¸ǱֺãҲõһЩͣһЩͼĹʲֿŬΪп¡
ԣȻΪūЩҲ뿪ҩɽǸߣҲߣҩɽ֮ԣɵɵӲŻߡ
ȻЩҩūֲ֪ݣ΢˶ɨһ飬Ѿ
۵ʮǿԿԷΪԿı仯仯ͷϷӦ˭Ļţйƾͻҫ˭ȻҲ̩ɽ
˿΢۾ˣһȥ΢ƣǹλΪ΢Ҫߵˣ򶼻ᱻһ塣йˣαװٺãҲӲ΢۹۲졣
΢ʹЩҩūп˼ƶˣѾȻᵱ𴩣ǽ⼸˸ϻȥֻҪһ¾ͺãͬǸ£ȻĻ죬Ǻǿģʱûл£Ҫ뿪ʱ΢Ȼзӡ
ӽ쿪ʼǱҩ԰ˣǵϹ٣΢ٳէܶ鶼Ҫ̸λ˭úãٻͣ˭Ĳãٻᷣ𣿡΢ѵһ仰ҩūȻǵͷǡ
ˣȥɣ»ǰ΢˰֣˵֮ЩҩūҪ뿪΢ͻȻʲôƵģһָˣȽŲɡ
΢ָģȻǸ򵥵ȳͷûбֳκγԾ⣬ֻΪıǣ
£ǾȽ㣬һҩ԰Ȼ󷭵ز֣ЩȱϤͶѷģ΢ΪͰıź˵Ҳһܳæͷִ˷ģЩСĻᰲŵ׵
˵꣬²Ŵڶҩū뿪ֻǸȳȵġ͵ҩū
ˣʲôܷԸҩū̬ǫͷӲ䵽΢ϣ˵һ˿ë
΢Ӹոյ̽УѾͷĻϲ֮Ҫ̽ǲ٣ֻ̽ɹãʧܵĻ΢һЩ鷳΢б÷΢ֱͷԷǶͷģ΢ù֪꣬Ȼðռͷ
֤ͷͶͷ޹أǾͿһˡ
΢ʩչ˦ֶ׭һ󷨣鴮зŵѧϰĻһ󷨣Ա֤˲õ͵ҲֻܿԼµĻ
΢ʩչĵȳ·֮ɫȻûʲôȻ壬ʱԱ
֪λɹٴҪʲôγɵϰ߸ЩԾ
оͷĽţ΢ֱӶŶԷؾʿΪڣǲʲôɸ˵Ŀģ
ȳͷͫһһţȻ벻ףΪλ˵ľƷɹܿԼĵϸԼΪ
һʱ֮䣬û˵ʵǲ֪οڡ
΢ôŶԷŶԷ˵
΢Ŀ֮£ȳ߾͸оԼˣκζסԭҪҲֱ̻ȥƬ֮ȳƺжαװһ㣬ִˣοģ
Ȼбٵİ취Ȼش𱾹ٵ⡣΢񲻶ɶŶԷȳͷƺԥƬ֮ųֻūһԱķӰˣΪͺͽһ㣬еʱ򣬻ǲƲ¶ױȽϺá
˵꣬Цڸ顣
˵ͦе΢΢΢һЦֵϧٲţΪҩɽҲǴ´࣬ȴǸԸֻһҩūʵǷ㿴Ǻ£ҲûΪչ¶Ϊ鷳ǵСµˣΪˣβϻ뿪ҩɽңɵ֮·εȼѣҪǼ͵־ٴûмǸСµһ·ؾġΪҩɽٿֻֿܣֻܻѰ֣
ȳͷĿɿڴ
΢ⷬ˵ƿԣʵϣ΢˵ˣҩɽǱܻģΪ̫ǿҩɽһǶʮ꣬ȣ֮ǰҵ˴ϵġȻ޵ɵؾ֪ΪǳҵĶֻ֣ܼҩɽΪܴʶɹ٣һ֪Լҩɽֻ·һ
ˣΪСĽչ¶ؾΪ


ڶʮ ܵ
΢һۿѣⲻ֪΢Ŀģ΢ֻҪȷȳͷշԼľ㹻ڣ΢ȷȳͷΪԼ
ǣ΢ˡ
ˣٲǱܻѰʵ϶ͱ޹أٶҪ飬Ҳ棬һ£֪֪ڵĴ΢һ䡣
ȳͷԥһ£˵ͷҩɽ˭֪Ŵˣӣ϶ù
ԼҩһҹѾҩɽˡշֶΣһ仰˵̬Ⱦͱҩɽҩū֪Щ飬Ϊ˲շλҩɽ٣ضû˭Լ
֪ͺã΢ĵ˵ͷ㣬һΪΪߣҩɽЩˣϤϤôֲݣҪһŵù˰æ
˵΢ͣһ£ŶԷ˵
ԷһˣھӦ֪ôԷʶʱ΢ҲȻøոյй¶ȥ䡣
ȳͷɵɵҲҩɽʮ͵͵ɵؾ
룬ȳͷƺʲôͨһڵϣųԸΪ˸Ȯ֮͡
΢Цˡ
ˣСҩɽʮ꣬ҩ԰ôֲҩѾȻأС˵󻰣ҩɽ£С˽ȳͷҲǶųɴ˿һŵ˵
汾ٿһ֮ƾҩ԰ЩݵĲ񣿡΢ҩ·嵥ݹȥųɼæ˫ֽӹϸһɫһڣüͷСʵˣҩ԰Ĳ񣿡
ԣΣ΢רҵʿĽ顣
ųҡͷüΪȷǲɵ飬Ƿ̨ҩ԰춼ҩ԰ҩ԰ҩ԰κһһݶǿģҩ԰С
΢һʣųϵΪҩ԰Ѿķֻ꣬ƬҩȻֻҪ㹻ҩԿѳҪǴ˴ľϵ类룬µľϵѾľûлݴôһݣ
λ΢ĿɿڴˣǲȺ飬ôֲҩϻһͷβ⺺ľϵľϵЩ΢˽⣬΢Ψһ˽ǣЩԸԼˣ֪ܣ伫
Լôһķϡҩ԰´ݵѹԼ·΢֪ľͳǸڳˣ˿Ҳ̲סֽŷ飬ҧгݡ
ֻŭ
Ȼûãʱֻ뷨ӽ鷳ѹͷĺ⣬΢»ָ侲Ȼ֪ʱŭûһãֻԼľٶ΢;Ѱҽ취Ǳ˵ǲɵҲһ
ڵû㹻ҩһ΢£Ϊͬų˵һֻҪ㹻֣ʱͿԽҩ￪ѳǣȱʧľϵûľϵ
ȻľϵľϵݵкôԼӿٶȣӲЩ֪ʶҲǶų˵ģ˵ֲⷽϣųɵȷһ˲ţôһаæ΢ȻҪ֮ǰǿܶࡣ
ʲôطԸ㵽ľϵ󷨺΢һ䡣
ųɺԥشľϵ󷨣ľϵһ֣ݵĲٶȣ
˵ţųһһⰻȻ̹⣬һֻȡһöӣȻ˦ֶԱһŵĻ赱Уٽһ̹ȥ
һĻˣһӾȻ̹֮¿ֻǺһʱ䣬ѾӣݵҶӣԿ̺
΢Ŀɿڴû뵽ľϵȻЧ
ִˣСľϵֻһ㣬ҸոֻʮͨġֻܶԵһãΪС˵ĵΪһ㣬ݺҪ࣬ҩЧҲֻһѣǰһƷݡóľϵʿõ󣬿ӰһҩݣǿȻô죬һ֮ڣҲջˡľϵǸǿԽݿı׶ֲԳƷƷƷݡųɸ΢ô˵ʵϾǸ΢ǿѳ߰˿ҩȻľϵľϵܣȾҩ԰˵ʵǷȱĶ̫ࡣ
΢ͷųɸĶ֪ˣҲⲻɵж༬֣΢ûѡ
ˣҪѧϰľϵһһϦ飬Сҩɽʮ꣬ǰʮ궼ûлѧϰֻǸʱСãһλӣλ˽һЩľϵҩūܽӴʮޣÿҲԽõݶѡŪľϵһʱ䣬ҲʲôС˽飬ǿԻ⼸ҩ԰ɹٴ˰æ󷨣ľϵȴûˣݽ֮󣬱ͬȪˮǲٻָˡų˵꣬΢ϸ룬Լ֮ǰȷľϵԼԲɱ¾䡢ĵΨֲķ
΢֪ھԼʱѧϰʱҲгɾͣȥҩ԰ɹٰæ
ͷ΢ѹû뵽
ҩɽٶѾǵڰ̬ȣ˭Լ󣿸˵΢ҩǰɹ٣Լ̬Ҳǳ⣬ȥǣܳɹᱻݺݵĳЦһ
ʱ΢뵽ų˵ĽľϵˣԷ԰æֻһʣųȴ¶ɫҡͷл˻ڣл˵أȥ϶æֻȴǱ˾ץߣ˼̡
˵ųдʪ˫ȭգΪߡ
΢һʲ֪ԭҩ԰֮ǰҲһˣǶųɿелˣ˵Ҳɣλл˺΢һǵշҩɽ٣Ǵƣ˼ҩ԰٣Ϊ˽ݡĴץߴ
лΪΪ˼ãô˽ҩ԰ݣҵһţ΢ᣬǵʱл˵Ĺ½¶ۣܵຮ֮أʱ֮ҩ԰ķųɹ£һʱЩѡ
΢°ͣԼ顣
һʼ΢Ͳ׸˾Ͳ֪ж٣һʼĹ٣ҪԸݺ΢ģĸǱɷڵأ
˵΢£Ҳóľ˶
ݣһƷҪǲɵ飬΢Ȼ֪ˣִУ
΢뵽һӡ
һԷΪʤΣķӣȻҩɽΣҩɽշģôֻҪԷͿˡ


ڶʮ ļƻ
ìͷ׼շ壬һͷ
շ˭
ΪˣһԽ΢۹λ˼ǰƷɹ٣ҩɽ٣˵ҩɽһĶֵأھԵİ˵һΪһ㣬ԼŻ˱ҶųɿелˣҲΪշ壬űɱͷ
ҪԸշ壬Ѷȿ֪һʧܣ΢ԮҲʮ
΢ҪôΪֱӿԻΣİ취ҲΨһķӡ
Ϊǿꡣ
΢֪л˵İӣǽշͻƿڡ
Ϊлô˵ҲǾƷɹ٣ıݺҺ˾շ壬ôһͱ˰շҲȻɳɷĳʹ
΢Ϊϸѯʶųɵ飬ųɲɵҲϳɾȻ΢Ĵ㣬Ȼǽ֪ľ³
ųɱϾֻһҩū֪ĺޣ΢ԿԻжϳлӦþǱݺġ
΢Ӷų֪һɺϵ飬ǾлǰĹ£Ȼǽ죬Ҳλҽ
֪Щ΢Ѿ˴㡣
ųɿã΢ĴûͶԷ˵ϾĸƤһЩ飬΢Լ֪ͺá磬ȥҽ졣
Ҫл˵İӣһһϦ飬ܲܲ⣬΢Ҳûʮɰա
΢֪ҩɽè⣬ֻл˰һͻƿڡ
һնĹǰȥƻ鵤
ģ
᲻˽ݣ
Ǻ¹Ǳɹƭɱڣ΢ֻƾԼЩɱͷ飿
±󣬿϶˳ҩɽ⣬ôҽҩķô£
Ҫ֪ҩɽ֮أɳҩ԰ȡǮҩ͵˾һҩɽҲǴӸͿʼˡ
Щ΢ͻƿڡ
ȻҪĻշ壬ֻǴһЩССϺ޼£ֻнշ⵹һݽ⡣
Щͷͼƻ΢ֻ룬˵ȥ΢ǵþϤҩ԰飬һ£ǿҩ£΢Ǻ²ٰ죬Ҹ֮ڣ뿪ѳĿҩԭеĿҩöųɰ˲ӣģȰѲȥ˵
΢ԼȻҲкܶ鴦
ٳ˼䣬߾̶ߣ¹ϵ죬΢ðȥ죬λ֣Ӧòʲôӡ
֮΢ҩɽѰľϵĹ伮ҩɽУҲдŹ伮ĵطʵϣҩɽΪ٣Ҫľϵ΢Ӷų֪ɹ٣ȡľϵֱΪļľ
ǹ£ҲԵõһŵһġ崺崺Ҳֻļе֮һ֮ǰųʩչĿԴ̹⣬崺
΢¹Σ⼸ŵȻҩɽܹʮ֡ɺϡĽ¸ˣֱ΢ҪŽŵĳ¼ݸ΢
ܹһ󸹱ӣ˿̳΢ƤЦⲻЦִˣǲɣŴҪϰԻͷ콫
΢ҲƤЦⲻЦñһҹʱ䣬ܽŵ𣿶ϻӳ˷ֹ¼ĵ
ȴǹֲСˣŴҪϰ⴫ִǲżԹٽĵܹһҺεı顣
ͽɣһὫͻأ΢ûٺͶԷѿ࣬뿪
˵Ѳ΢ȴҲ׿Խһҹֻǽ£Ӧò¡
صҩ԰΢ǰƺõķ׭һ󷨣ۼȻЧȲľϵʤޡ⣬Ϊ˷ֹһЩ˵Ŀӣ΢ֲ˻
Դ鴮е󹱣յĸ֮һóΪֻʣԪԱ΢鴮֮ڣѧĻȻ΢եɣں΢ĵС
΢µ棬Ϊߵ˽ҲᷢȻôΪ˱գ˿ԷֹˣҲԷֹڹ֮£µһĻ֮ˣ΢Ҫ顣
ѾӵƬҩ΢ÿնȥֻǼǶųÿʩչҩ֮Ҳðʮݣٶȣ²񣬸˵ҪƷ׵ݡ
صԼӣ΢ǷľϵһȻǷʳһֱҹ΢źһ૵ľϵȻͨһ飬ǽŵգڻͨҲֻܴһƷݣʱ겻ɡ
ȻԼֵƺˣҲЩݶΪƷ׵ݣһ֮
˵ڶգ΢ľϵ黹˻ȥȻʼݷҩ԰١
ô΢Ҳ뿴Щͬŵ̬ȣ΢ŶԷһ飬ֻҪ㣬΢зͻơ
һ̽еҩ԰Ǹɴлͣ΢еȻˣҲǱ־룬̬Į
΢һݷҵǸ¡
Էҩ԰ٽʷ㣬΢ҲȴһЦصĽɫ΢Ҳ˹ɹҲˣ˵Ǹ֪˦ʷ֣ȻóԷ˼
Էҩ԰ֱͬһСһ㣬ǽΧţҲǵ¥󣬸ûʣ˼ұ΢ҩ԰ֱһؤѡ
΢֣ҩ԰ûھϼķϻǸΪߵ֣ͷȻԷпɽ
ȵ΢뿪Ƕ³ʷˣֵҪʲô
ʲôʷȻ⣬ЦȻҪѰզʲôȴǲ֪ΪεŴˣƾǻķҩ԰ûľϵûľϵҪݸǳ˵ΡżˣѣϧŴ˷˻˭˭ֻȥ˵Ѿҩ԰ݷһ飬ֵ漱ˡ
ҲһЦֵˣֵĳҪ٣ҲȥˣȥĻ鵤ѾջˣĿ˹Ŀ
˵꣬´ӻȡһ˱ϡ
ˣ֪ˣȥɡˣ´ֵң˵ٲڡʷڰ֣Ź¡
΢û̷ҩ԰˿ɫѺڣҩɽ³ҩͼҩ԰֮⣬طһƬڣͷ֮ϣһʹ⻪ɳɲµķ󣬿ȥƻã΢֪ͬСɣǲɣҲ޷ǿнҩɽ


ڶʮ ľ
ҩɽȷ֮ԣ䲻ɽǰӵ֮ҲһЩѡɽҪǿܶࡣȻ֮ǺʺݼҩĵʿҲ°빦
ɵʿǹޣҩɽ֮Ҳˮ΢ǹʿȻԸӦҩɽУҰ䡣
˿΢ҩ԰һƫƧ֮أ̽飬ȷΧ֮ʩչҩɽеļֻҰ
΢ĹڵĹй֮һʩչƬ̾͸о紵˼Ӱ
Ǻʩչй֮һӰɭɭʵ
˭˵ȻӾͻһӰҲ˵
ЩҰ΢һΧ˹
ЩҰܿҩɽҩūΪҩɽԣҲõҪǣҩɽطԶ½أɳյĵطĹҲûв»Ұ
ԣ͵ҩɽ֮ϵĹ»Ұر࣬Ȼжù֮ټµĳĹ»ҰǼΪǿ
ƽЩ»ҰҲ֪ʲôǣʲô˲ǣҩɽɹȻҲ֪ҩɽкܶ»ҰȻȥܡֻЩͼҩūŻ⣬ΪЩ»Ұģܻ׽Ūǡ
ûѲΪ˴ػҲҪûΪʱɢ֮䣬Щ»ҰļΪ󣬶ǵŵ㣬ûԷУҪĳԷˮڣٺľ֮ǰ˥ϡҲҰˡԴ󡯵ë
΢˿һ΢޵ɵԽΪȫأΪԪ浤еǿѪֻҪ߶ҲᱻЩûʲôΪĹ»Ұ
ԣ΢ǿĴڣɢƣһĹ»ҰǲģΪǵľ̫ˣ͵ΪɽһǣΪȫһ
һ⼸һڳǰαװĹӰ΢ǰûκ΢Ŀǵıò
ãòªһʪģݲ԰ɭˣȻǵ״
ͨ˻һ˶ٵ΢ֱЩѾ˼ҳ㷹
ûκηϻ΢̧־˦ɭɭķ׭׭ٶȼ죬ҰӦͱ׭С
㣬ʲôһҰŵĻɢԼȻãͷ·屻һֲǣоֻҪԸ⣬ʱԽꡣ
⼸ҰҲһãҪҲ
һСˣ΢ûбҪЩҰԶ޷ĹֻҪ֪ҿʱɱǾ㹻ˣڣ£ҩ԰
΢ҩɽı׶˺ԣ˼ܵ˵ż͵֮⣬鷳ȱٰ֣ĿǰΨһõҲֻжųһǾٲҲĹ°
ͬڣ΢Ҫҩ԰ʷͶ£ȴֻһЩҰ飬ҰҰĺô΢ȥѾʷΪؾ磬Ϊܲȹֻ̣õҩǿģǶ£һĶṳ̂ķˡ
ΪҲܵϾƷɹ٣ҲʵЩ˼ˣҰΧӣҪܲ֡ǼҰ᲻ᱻֱ֣ӱԼ΢ģЩڵķ׭ɲǳˣһ⣬̾ͻҰĸɸɾ
Ȼֻ΢һССĲ֣з֣ûз֡
ҩ԰΢㿪ʼľϵȻ֪ǽŵ¯ĵزҲԼٵ⣬΢ĿǰΨһ顣
ǿģܶʿھĹʧȥרע㱣ΪڵʮֽȣһʱܳҪʵǲá
ݵ񣬽΢ѹĴȻѾҪΪǿҵշİѱ⵹˵ʵ΢İղ
ҹɫҩ԰æµҩūѾЪ£΢ȡһģʩչһոѧľϵ
һ̣һ̹ۼ΢ƵУͿһ̹⵱пʼѿ̵ѿҶʼ𽥳󣬱һݡ
΢ûнһȫǽһǸոõһСҩﵱСҩ΢רöųŪģ߰˳߼кһרΪ΢Ūġ
ٿһСӣһȥ֮΢ֲŪһݵҶӡҶӱҲ̺Ȼ죬ҲֻһƷݶѡ
һݣ΢ͻȻ뵽һ¡
ԼľϵҪʩչҲһи͸ƳɣԼľϵ᲻Чӱ
Ȼṩྫģ΢ľ
΢һ·ɵΪ͹Ϊͬʱ㾳磬Ĺľ
΢ʩչֶΣһ⣬һڲĹӣȻϴɽ֮ã֮ľͼʼѾ֪ÿ˶١
ľһ΢̸оЩϸһŷ֣ȻＸݵҶڲǸоͬڻȸԾһ㡣
ô£
΢ЩĿ˿Щݣܿ΢֣ľʱЩݵķӦȻǳľϡ
΢һԼǷһ˲õ飬ЩݾȻľ˴ķӦľʩչľϵЧֻΣ
΢¾ԣľóһöʩչһΣ΢еâⰻȻȻǾۼˮٿЩˮϵĻ뵽ӵУһ̣֦ѿðԱ֮ǰٶ΢ҲǱٶһƬʱ䣬һѾǳһ߶ߡ׳ޱȵĳݣ΢ԾǣݴִʺҶƬϣȻơ
Ʒݣ΢۾ɴһţ֪Լһ˵ķ֣벻ľȻãԼǿľϵЧ˵ľľϵǾ䡣
֣Ȼ΢ϲ񣬻ľһҲǲܵˣȻԴƷݣôƷƷӦҲпܡ
ϲͬʱ΢Ҳ֪аľ޴ա
֪ľãǻ᲻ϧһдǰᣬϾԼٴݣʵ̫̬ˡ
΢¾²ܸκˡ


ڶʮ 
ļʱ΢ճľϵ֮⣬ǶоľЧá
Դӵõľ֮΢ֻ֪ԼٶȣӵбʿٶȣΪˣ΢ſԿľ磬Բϧ۷ϰֻЩӵ¡
ͬ΢ĸһΪ΢ϵϰԼԵܽӵ¡
˵΢нĳɾͣ΢Ϊ˵ķḻ֪ʶǿ֮⣬ľҲǲɻȱһǼΪؼĶûľ΢ڵΪܵ־磬ɵ붼Ҫ롣
΢ľһȻϲҪȫھ
⼸ʱ΢ľľϵЧܲ΢֪ľϵļԼľѾľĸģвľϵ΢Ѿʩչʮ
΢ľľϵļӳκη󼰵ģ΢ǸҩУ˿ѾǳݣݣΡ֥ȲҩһԣͷҲܴ΢ľľϵһꡮ١׵ľϣ˿ָ̲ϸɫ٣ͬһ˺üɫȥӨ͸
ʣЩݺҩȫﵽ˶Ʒĳ̶ȣñ˿϶ΪЩݺҩ˳ʮꡣ
ľЧɼһߡ
΢˵ľڣԼóѰʿʩչľϵ㹻֧ţһ֮ݣѾ˿ܡ
Ҳ⣬ľ΢ĿǰҲֻƷݺȻƷƷǸ鷳
΢ãֻҪϵоľЧҪƷƷݺҲǲܡ
һ鷳ˣôߣԼܲܳȥڰ˿ҩÿʩչľϵôĻֻҪԷɵ϶ῴ⡣ʱԼ鷳ʹˡ
΢Ҫϸǵһ¡
ô˵΢һõĿˡ
˿΢ľһӵɽȪˮƽҩ΢뿴ľˮ᲻ˮӰ졣
ոյõľʱΪ֤ľα΢ľˮУʱúˮϺڣһĻ΢¡
ʱ΢ΪʶҲ룬϶ľԺˮãΪˣŻʹ΢ڵ顣
ľݺ֮΢ȥ˯⼸ûϢΪҲЩԲȵ˯֮ȥ鿴еˮϿ⣬΢ۣˮѾǷ췭ظı仯
̺ľֱǳԣ˼㣬΢ȡľʢһˮˮ£̸оһ̺֮Һ嵱УЧֱʯҪ
΢ˮļֵΪ̺˼ǿ֮ȻԼ޸ƣǸҲԼٶȣôˮҩأ
Ȼһ⡣
΢ڽһСҩȻһЩݺӷУ̺֮ˮ
ȻľƳ֮ˮ΢Ҫˮҩʲôͬ
һУ΢ľҪȥӲһҩ԰Ϊһҩ԰ٱҪ顣
΢ҩ԰ҲʮʱˣԭƬҩƬҩҲѾϣЩūȻõĹΪҩɽǶҲһЩ֮ټҩɽҰҰһЩﶼ̺ǿԴΪʳ弫Ϊ׳һЩˣҲ淲˵׳Ҫһ˾͵ֵͨ˵ĹԣƬҩŻῪѵô١
ʱ䣬ҩūΧϸոµݣγûõӲݣǴɽµϪɽȪÿղϵˮҩ
ݵȪˮҪܸߣʵҩūÿĹɽµȪˮһ㣬ĸҩ԰һ
΢ĳ֣ҩūһ˵Ƕ֪λľƷɹٴƺҩɽŴˣӺܲùô˵΢ǻʵľƷɹ٣ЩҩūǾǸ߸ϵĴһ仰ͿԾǵǰ;Ȼܵ
ÿһ΢ҩū̷ͷĹ΢
Щҩūĺ¼΢ЦһȻװģĻһάЦӭȥ
ִˣʲôԸ±ֵĺ˿Ǳ΢ˡ
ûʲôֻ㿴Ǹʲôʲôˣһһ£һȥ졣΢˵꣬ڰ˸ҩ֮䴩ͬ飬ÿ춼ȻǺ»ЩҩūѾϰΪΪ֪λִ˶ҩ԰ֲóӲһȦͻȥ
΢˶ųҩūߺһЩͬҩū΢ϼҩڵһµѾðһ۵ɫѿ
΢ųɵͷߵĽˣ΢Ŵôպûʲô顣
΢ôʣȻǺ°иԼƻ
ųɺܿʹشˣûУպıֵķǳǴȲȡΣȻԵΪԭĺܺãû˿͵Ҳûаиƻ
Ǿͺã΢΢΢˵ͷȻżҩһȦվһƬյϣ˺¡
ˣԸ֪΢齻ϲ΢ѾԼˡ
°ҼÿնҪɽɽ£ȥɽµɽȪˮ࣬Ϊβڴ˴ھһȪˮУһξͿúܾá΢Ĵ˵
²֪΢룬һ⻰оУ˭֪һˮʣҩɽɽȪˮͬط̺ģֻÿˮ࣬ȪˮŻᱣڸˮʱˣȪˮеȻɢһգٽҩȻûʲôЧˡ
Щȴû˵
Ǵ˵˼ǣ°Ͳ΢ôǾ΢ԼɢȪˮ࣬ܳݲй
΢ЦЦٵ˼Ǿڸˮ
ãͰȥлϲأȴ֪΢Ĵ㣬˳Ϳ͵͵ľеˮ
΢ͷԼӣԭһȪˮȻƾһ΢һӦ˽Լӡ



ڶʮ صСƨ
˽ӣ͵˰Ȫˮ
΢üͷԼͷ˸ɵֻǺܿ죬΢ڵƺ뷨ų
еĵƶûбŴ΢ţ˽ӣܲõƣһƱػᱻԼ֡
ҪǣǶͷˣôʲôֱȡ߰Ȫˮ
ȻҪȡΪβȫ͵ߣһʲô
΢ʼϸ̽ˮûбŲĺۼ΢ΧȴǷЩĺۼ
΢Լ顮Ψһڵĵط
߹ȥһ΢ȷзĺۼһ̽΢üͷ
ݵ
Ȼʩչݵӣ΢ʱ֪ԼˣطвõƣΨûУϸһ֪еһأֱӵ˴ͨʩչӣҲ˵ùȥ
ҶԷһСΪ΢鿴ݺۼ󣬶ҶԷܿԼֲݣΪ΢ûзκҩܵ𻵡
˾֮ûĿľȻֻ͵֮߰ˮ
˭
£΢ҪŪҩɽǴڷ굱УԲпܱץסѱԼӿ˵΢صĵطȥɣ
˭΢Ҫץ
һ£΢ո뿪ӣҲʱԷץסյ˵з֪˻ûˣҲ΢ںֻϧ΢ɳȥ£ֵ¸ûп֮ˡ
ҾԼ΢룬ӵǲˡŹ硱Ҳ΢ѧĻ粼֮һСռ֮ڣҲԸĽһСĽ룬ͬ뵽һԹ߲ȥ΢ʩţ֪ƽ֮
󹱵˵Ź硱֮󣬱ɵ龳ʿ޷ȥĿ磬ܿߣҵ·ֻǿʵǿͻΧ
Ŀǰ΢֪ҩɽ֮ϣΪܴﵽĿ֮ϵģָ
ܲշǰɣ΢ɲΪԼöԷ˵ӡ
Ź硱Ѳã΢ҲͷһβֵȼĻ磬Ȼ΢ڷﵱУ΢֪Է϶Ǵӵģڻĳڣ΢ȴ˵ֻҪԷ˴󣬾ͱųȥ
΢ԼװģĳţȻʩչϢķӣΪѾ󷨣΢еġšλã˽ӣҲԿ
΢²⣬Է
˵İˮΪԷִȡߣΪԼҪˣֻüȡˮôԷͺп
ȻҲпܲ΢Ҫԡ
Ƭ̣΢һǿԼ˿̣ﾹȻû˿ȻһһʣЩȻԶֿһ
΢֮ǰܶೡѹû뵽ģȻһźɫǶְֵС
СӿҲӣΪɰ֮󣬾ȻС¿һۡ
Ϊ󷨵Եʣ΢ȻһĵطСӸ΢
ûˣСһЦȻСվŵֱˮ߹ȥ
ʲô΢ЩĿɿڴСͷ֮ûƣȴһŹֵ˲Σ˲аƴСܼŲ⡣
΢ͷһۿͷֶģǰСĪǲʿ
ɲʿζ֮
΢ͨˣȻûϰ֮ȴ֪ڵµֵ׿ԽҲҪ޲ţ֮ȷ֮ҪաϾ֮£ʯĻȿҪӵĶ࣬΢һֱΪ֮Լӵģ϶һϳصʿ˭֪ȴһƨɵĶ꺢ͯҶԷͷûƣֻһŹֵ˲Ρ
֮£΢ûκζϸ۲СԲֶնյСߵˮȻ˫һ̧Ҫüˮֱӱʼˮ
ûСƨԼˮĲ˵ͶĿࡣ
ˮа˸ߣôҲٽСƨȻɱ𣬻ȪˮСˣȻôڸˡ
Ǻ
ȻСƨǷˣ֮ޱȣ±ԼػҪ༸֮ˮͨ˼ҵĺôõ
΢϶֮ǰǱԼӵģСƨ
ȹ˰ˮС㣬Ȼͣ˸á΢û̶֣ǼţСߣΪԷѾ뵽ԼµĻ󷨵У˵ôһСƨʿҲӳȥ
ȻСƨ֮ˮ󣬾Ҫ뿪ֻǻͷһȴǷֺľɫѾԣ֮ǰӡ
СЩţǵҴҪҵʱСҩϧ΢µ󷨼Ϊ˵΢Լʵ״˵ôһСˡ
ҵһСƨ֪ԼԭشתȻŵ۴ޡ
΢֪ˣֱһ߳ƾճһ㣬վСǰŵڵϣһ˫۾ǿ־ͻңȻ˿䡣
ȷСûǱװġ΢ϸ۲Ƭ̣ȻЦСѣ˵ˮĪǾʹôߣ˵˭ʲôطģ
΢֤ڵӺܺͰûʲô⣬СŵĴޣ΢˽ȻԻȫ
΢˵ʲôСǿޣ˵ʵ΢ЩûˡԸһЩ׼ĶʿԲüͷֻޣȴûκвС΢Щɵˡ
Ů˻ᶮôС΢ʱֻˣǰڣܰС㶨
Լᡣ
ûӣ΢СһֱޣҲܽߣϾ΢ҪŪô¡룬΢ͻȻ˷ӣ̾ʵˣ㻹ҪҪȸղŵˮˣ
ò˵΢ʵ˵ϣСͲˣǵһ˫޹۾΢ƺʣˮأ
΢ЦãҲˣСȻŹ֣ȷһСûʲô⣬ֻҪȵľȪˮѡ
ȻˣȸһЩס˵
ˮʵʵ׼ޣ΢Żһ䣬СĲˣ˵ͷʵʵվ
΢һνŹһУʧ٣Ȼȥľ֮ˮ
ҲҪʱ䣬΢»һС


ڶʮ һϵ
СȻʵʵȻ֮ˮܴ󣬶΢µĻСкҲܲ
ֻҪ޷Ӵ֮޷ʩչΪ΢ӵĵذľͷ̳ɵģȻС޷䴩ȻҲܲ
΢ʼϸ۲СΪ΢ӦˮȣСȻЩ΢ӽʲôʲôط
һĺͯʲôȻʲôʲô
ҽаסɽ棡Сѿѿģۺ
סɽ棿
΢֪ҩɽ֮ڶҩūסĪСĳҩū˼ҵĺӣ
ֿܡ
һЩҩūҩɽʮ꣬һЩɼҵкҲûʲôֵģҩɽĺͯΪСܳǸ⽡׳Ҹ涼ڳˣǴɵʺ
΢ų˵вķˣһЩˣ뷽跨ҪԼҺиҩɽֻҪסϼ˺ӣǽĳɾͱ㲻һˡ˵ѾΪһҵٹ£ɹٶǣС
ĺͯΪʲôͷ˲ҩӰ
㼸ˣ΢ʳһܶ˶ʳ⣬СˣȻͷָģ΢ҲˣСƨŶõô𣿡
Сʮ棬Ȼŵһ塢һˣˣҽһٰʮˡ
΢һЦ
һٰʮꣿ
СҲ˵Ȼ΢ǲŵģһٰʮС΢ʮȤҪ֪ԼҲʮ꣬С˵ģԷǱԼҪʮࣿ
˵ѻɲǺúӣ΢ĳĽ˶ԷһЩˣûҽһٰʮ꣬үүǺҹ˵ģţȥүү
С˵΢ʶԷǴĶѧ֮ʱ΢УһץСضĲ˺£΢Ͷ㵽˾ŹصĽ䡣
ֻ΢Ⲽ߿Կʵľˣͷ·ھŸϱ仯ͬӵУʵ
ͼڰǸﵱУ˿ӿ΢µһЩݶһɶƻһ̣һͺͷߴ˳
΢Ŀɿڴô˸ϵģ
ͷͷȻߣȴг׵ĺ룬һȣһɫĳۣһ´
΢ͷͷȻǺͰһһ˲ӰͷӰҪ󣬸ʵɢһϽ֮⡣ͷ΢ȻǸоһΣУȻ΢ͷͷ˲ʲô·ʣǺͷƾڵԼҲӮ١
ͷ˭
ǲ֪Źܲס΢ո뵽ͼͷһɨȻǳһȴסң
˵꣬еľȾ£ȼڵһһεӿȻǴһ㣬΢µľŹˡ
΢һʩչų˿󷨱Ƴһ˲䣬ѾǿԿ΢ɫһץ
ûʩû䣬ôһץ΢ȴǸо̩ɽѹһ㡣
Ŀ󾳵Ϊ΢кȻߵʵҲǸоѹĿ󾳣΢Ȼ磬ҲǺް취
ץ֣΢һָһǽʩչʱһε֮ǽǰ档
СһƲȻһצץ΢ķǽһ̣ͣ
òͣΪϣѾ˿춯Ͼͻᱻж
СӣΪⷨ˵ңͷ˵۾΢˵
ԣ΢ʾĿ󾳵ʿ΢ɵΪȻֻؾ磬΢˹΢Ԫ浤ߣĴ΢ҲһЩʤ㡣
Цͷ˵꣬ȻͻȻ٣ܱסٴԼٶȳǣͷе΢ͷһͷѾǹ˹һǿޱȵ
ȻõǶԸɵʿĴ򷢣ѰɵʿʱȻǻˡ΢ȴ£ʩչ½ָ߹һֻ̲գ֮䣬ѾǶԲС
׹ߴ˿ʩչ΢Ǹоһٿ֪ʲôʱԼϾȻǸһЩ֫ϣż׹Ӱ΢Ķ
΢ˣ̧ͷһһѾǵš
Ųǣ΢һ䣬ֵţһһɴϮȻǽ΢ײ˳ȥü
΢͸оƺˣֱ۷飬⻹ǶŲǣһԽԼɱڶԷʩչĵҲ߼ǳײʮ㣬ǵͼʿʩչҲԽһǽײһ󶴣ǽһͷֱײͷΪߣȻǿʩչҪϳʱ䣬߾Ȼһ䡣
ͷ򵥣΢Ԫ浤ߣǿᣬŲǵһ˫Ҳˡ
֣̽΢·磬ʱûмǻڰǰ߼ߣǿһЦֺСֵүүүү
ǿû£ͷûм΢ȴ൱ˬո˶Ū߰㣬΢òЩҩȻҲ˴롣΢沼˸󣬾͸ոЩ춯Ȼᾪˡ
Ǻˣôĵӣ΢ôҲǾƷɹ٣ʢŭ֮£ƱĿ΢ǷͷҲöԷԲ˶ߡ
ʵϣ΢ողûгʲôȻˣˣҲһֻ֡
˿΢߽϶ּ𣬽ϣһȻѾָ
ʲôָ
΢̫ʢҲǿԼûʲô£Ҳ룬ǳ΢˹ֵλүո嶯ˣֻү¡
ͷ֪Լɹٰ
΢ʮֲˬҪ֪ʲôطټҵ˶Ǵ˹٣٣ɹ٣ĶɳȨԹٲǶɳ˴
֪ɹ٣Ȼҳ֣ѵ֪΢ЦЦûŻͷɹ٣ǿ϶ģСͿʵˣ΢׷ȻС
˭⻰ȻȻʧЦмλүྴΪû£㵱ΪΪĹλ̫Լˣ˵ˣߣһȥ
˵꣬𰢱磬Ȼǵһҩϣֱû£ʧ١
΢ûͷŹ֣Ϊߣո΢ͬö˿ûŪ֮ǰǲҪȽϺá


ڶʮ ӻؽ
΢Ϊ֮󻹻ͷһ¾ȻǷƽ˾ʲô¶ûз
΢ҲԺʵ΢ͷкܶࡣ
֮ǰǺһˮĳº°Ļ൱ģһʱѾ޽ϡǽҹˮװɽµȪˮ
˿̣΢վԱߣⳤʮɵĳһ֮ɫȻôΪҪ΢ɽµȪˮдɽôһһ޴뷨ҩɽȪˮ֮ΪĻֻʵȪˮԴԴϵһǷŵɽϵĳƽ˲⣬ʵϣҪ˼գˮͻľΪˮ
еأûк΢˵ʱ΢㷢ˣԼҲ˵֪Ͼ޽ˮ΢ִˣԼֻ¶ѡ
⣬ⲻ֪΢翴ͷ΢֪ܲ飬֮ҪŪôһʵΪ˴ľƷʵ֮ˮ
΢˶ߺһΧһʱ䣬󷨡
ǻħ󣬹󣬵ɽ󣬿˵΢˽еĽأϾһʱ䣬΢Ҫ̺֮Ȫˮ
⼸ǶҪңҪڳСסա΢ʩչŲƵػᵽߣ̣ҲǽºڶҩūĿɿڴ
ʲôΪͣҲûֱͬ˵ġɽ˺ɷ
ʵϣֻһֻŵżʿŵܽһ֧ʣһʯͷһذ׸ͷ£Ѿţʵϣŵоء
԰ᶯǧʯԽս𣬶΢ľǱ˻Ҫ
΢Ŀǰķɽǰ᲻ɸߣصСɽȴǿȻֶʿУԵʮغ˲
Ųƹȥ΢Խֳɵ󷨺ϵһ𣬽ֻҪų޽ӸҩˮǾͿԶ֪࣬Ҫʡȥ
ĺͻܵĳҲȫѿ΢
úô΢ǽҩ԰ΧԻ󣬾ǺµΪҲӲȥǿԷֹҩūС
һУ΢ŲٿľһľͷڳײΪľ΢̫Ҫ΢ȻܷľͲܣ뿪Ϊ˱ֻڳϣŻ
ҹ΢ɵΪҲǾ٣ش󾳸һٿԭ峺Ȫˮ˿̾ȻǷһīɫеŨޱȣ΢ǰûмġ
֮£΢һȪˮѾǱЩճ̺ǿ֮
ΧأȻҲܵӰ죬һЩӲݾȻǷ䣬ļΪֲǱ󼸱ҸΪ׳
΢һʩչΧõӲȫȥȡݺҩȥ
ֵһգȻѾǷѿӣԼֲĻҪá
ľڳ˰죬΢Ҳ³⣬ǽľȡϸ鿴һ£˿ľǰûκ𣬵΢ҲҶãһһһ㣬ԼͿˡ
Ժˮľ飬һճҺӦ㹻ˡ
΢뵽Һжӣζһ㣬΢Ҳˮưȡһ㣬Լ£ǸоһޱȵӿڳӵУɢ֫ԼѨ
΢תæһʱԺ΢ԼΪȻֵƽһˣ΢ѾȻųЩأƤʯ
벻ľˮȣǿԽҩģܼĴΪö΢иˣҲ֪ԽǱĶԽ˵ļʺ̰¾Բ֪
ľ壬΢˳ȥ֪ʱǲκ̤ģڳҺͨȪˮϡͺ࣬ЧҲܲ
΢չءʱ΢Щȥ֮󣬾Ϳųվһ΢ųɲżæǰСˣϢˡ
΢һ֪ʲô£һǰ΢ɳȥʱ򣬾Ͱ˽ͷİţΪҩɽ󷨷գ죬ֻбԵһС棬Щط΢֮ǰд˾ۼ
дˣҪҩɽҪôҪΪҩūеҩ΢ɹݳȻû⣬ϴξǴŰųȥΰȰźõϢ֪ͨ˶ųɣ΢Ҳ֪ˡ
ʲôʱӵϢģ΢һ䣬ӱչذ죬Ϊ飬ǾЩ鷳ˡ
죡ųɴ΢һã̫١
΢͵Ҫһ˽ôͲע⣿
ųһҲûϸѯʣֻǵˣþƷɹ٣һִһҩ԰Ҫһ˽кѣڲ˻ɣСľԴɲصģΪͬ飬ɹٶҲֹһΣǻƣ˵еĴˣⷨ˲پɫͬ󹬡
ˣ΢ЦЦնų˵ģԼݣ˽˵ûκ⣬ңҩɽ٣ݴ˽ǷˡǶųɱ˼΢Ҳˡ
СĵĻҪСģϾԼǱ˴ѹĶ󣬲֪ж۾Լ˵΢ҪҩɽˣԲ֪ݡ
ڣ΢˰š
ҩɽ֮£˴֮һƬɽ֮أҩɽΨһԵ½ƬʵΪ޴ΪҩɽԵʣﳣз̤㣬ҲһС򡣴˿Сһ׿ջڣƮڿУľ޴ҩɽ
Ѿǹ֣˿ȻǰգֻҪڵ⣬ǿֵġ֮⣬ˡ
һ߰࣬˿ȴԵЩִٺһȴһã΢Ȼϳ£ǰõƤȻҲҩɽ
Ϣȷͳȥ𣿡һ죬Щżʵ
ģӦǹµˡǹ˵һ䡰ˡеκ죬ȴûзȻʮá
ŤͷһЩߣЦҽĪҪţ΢ȻǸ㰲׵ˣˣҵ֮˵˫ͬڵˣֻҪĲ̽ҲԷֲıĿ˷㷵ҩɽɷġ
ͷȻҽ졣


ڶٰʮ ϲĹʤ
΢ɰȥԼȥѰҽ죬Ϊڵĵطǽ֮أǽȥġ
Ҳֻ֪סҲֻ֣֮ء
ӵϢµһʱ͸ڣ˹΢˼ǣλҽԸԸ⣬ȻµĶֱ֣ӱ˲֪ȥҩɽȻޱȡ
λѾҲ̤ҩɽɣλΪβţ˿˵ǴݵƤҲһĿɬ
Σȹˣξ񣬶ʱ˵£Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ˣҵҪʣҹǲϴβǸˣ˵ӻڻ𶾣ΪβжҪӺңȻѹ֪΢ݣҲ֪΢ʲô
Ҽҹ˭ȹȻˣĵȴɡٺͽ˵
ʱ򣬰¶Ӧſڣ˿̣洫ŵ
һ̣״һϲٶȸ죬ѾǽŴ򿪡վŵģȻ΢
£΢Ҳһůд飬¸ˣǳϲѾ˵΢ˡ
ˣ΢µ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷûж˵֪΢һкҪ飬ŻԼǧ⽭Ҫ֪ȥһʱ϶ڸ·Ϊ΢ȻûԹԡ
΢֪·;࣬ȻǼһ꣬
࣡
ĪҪ⣡֪΢ȻҪ£ߵſڣ档
΢ѾݵĽ죬Ȼͷ£֮˲𣬲õȻҲԼ棬շԼ飬˾Էֲ˽ҽݡ
΢ᵽշ壬һ˿޺ͷŭҲֻһ˿̿΢Ȼ㣬ʣ㲻Զ˽ҴΪ£
΢Ž죬ûдѿֱ࣬Ϊл˵İӣ
ʲô
һģЩڵϣ¶Ⱦȵɫѿڶ㡭ô֪
ųɸҵģ⣬ڱִҩ԰٣΢ͷ˵
ǾƷɹ٣ٴ𾪣˵ʵ˵ųɵ֣ѾˣҪ֪ųɵҲл˵֮һֻͬлŵĽ֪ȻˣǾͲм١
컹һĽ䱸ָһ侲ִҪʲôΪҪл˵İӣ
ں˵Ҳţɽöųɺ˵ģ֮󣬻֣ͷ棬ûʶ㣬ȥҩɽûΣա˵꣬΢¡
˿Ȼ֪΢ڵܶ࣬кܶ۾ԲܺԼֻǰе˼΢΢֮ҾҪ̷شԪҪ֪뿪һ£ֻȨǲģϾԪ㽻ҵģҿɲʲôӡ
΢û뵽ͨϻ۹ˣиΣ˵ûµȷ̫ҪҩɽѾȥ˿£һʱҲûжãҪֶ롣
Եͷң
µ˵ͷתߣֻٻӰ˿
ߺ΢ͼУȻŽȥû̷ҩɽΪֻһɽ̫ˣ΢Ҫڻ
ųɸһطһҾ¥΢Ҫ˿ͨ¥ŪҲᱻ˻ɡ
ҩɽԵСȻо¥Ѿ΢Ϊˣҩɽ϶ڷ˵ջʵ̫ˣϾֻҪͨˣҩɽܵҲ壬ӻ˭Ըȥ
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СԸȥ΢ǰһӣСڵϷ£¥ϰżʵʿ֣΢֮ɫλСֵܣʲô£ֵ˴󶯸ɸꣿҹĳµ飬ûУǾ˵һ򣬸߲ˡ
΢һЦֱԼĹһǡ
չϰһĿɿڴӦæ¶һЦݣæӭӣϣСĸС׾ûϳλˣ룡
ʤ˿һͷ亹ʲôˣҩɽ¿¥û类Ūˣոһ۾Ϳɹٹơ
ҩɽĵؽ磬һɹ٣ǾǶĴڣλүһССľ¥ϰ嶼ǲ
Ǽҵ׷ʮˣвߺɵʿҵףԲܵɹ١
ǿɹ٣һ仰ܾԼ
ʤҩɽؽ죬ȻĹأľ˵Ľɫ˭Ҫҩɽ˭Ϊҩū˭ҩһЩزĸ֣ЩҪײĵͷеĲϧ𣬾Ҫҩɽ˵ժһҰˣ١
Ϊˣ뷹ĹʤǸͣԼҲǽĹ⣬ʼɵΪܶܶ꣬ҲֵãҪ֪ǰ죬Ȣ˵߷С檡
ԣ֪ʲôǣʲôˣǡ
ʣոλǴǵ
¥һ֮ڣʤӽӲ˺ü飬Ȼ΢£ȻԼվһԣӣ̬ȼΪǫ
΢˷ʱ䣬ҪҼҪҩɽҩūˣһͲˡ
ҲңȻ¶ţֻܴңһ˲飬ԼҲ¡
ʲô΢Źʤʵ
شˣСĽйʤôСĶУʤæ
΢ͷǳ˵ٸһҿԴ˽ҩɽôǶ˷ˣҰˣ
΢Ϊǿƣǹʤһæͷɣô˵Сľô
ȻԸ⣬˵˷ˣǾһҲûԹԣܰͽһλɹ٣ǿǱʲôҪ
ȥ죬ֻȰʱ΢ڰ֣ǹʤ̾ܳȥȷԸƯĹȥźԼȥˡ
ˣȱҪҩɽˣŶӵʮˣ˵ʱһãԷҪںԼԲŻˡҩɽϵɹ֪һһֻ̰ƽʱʲϸֻ֦һЩͶ˵⣬⼸У˵Ϊɹ٣ԲŻıҪá
һΣʤԼĻˡ


ڶٰʮһ Сͻ
ҩɽ򣬹ʤʶģҲҩɽһûʲôȨƵĹ¶ѣ˵ҩɽõǼУɹٵĳȻ˼ңʤֻĩСС֡
Ϊˣʤ˭֪ɽҪԡ
ҩɽ򣬵һǡ˵ҩɽﲢûвҵȴ˸ǣΪŵҩɽĴֻҩɽΣһЩΪﲻؾʿҲֱӷɹԿ˺˵ĺҩɽһ˸ǡ
˵Ĵ󵱼ңһλٸĽأǹʤģҲֻǺͺĴ󵱼һ֮ԵȴԼ˼̫ࡣ
ڶǳҩ̵ġϰԡһȺĺˣ˵ҩɽаУ˸ǡ
һЩҲֻǱʤǿôһ㣬һ⣬Ǻǳҩ̣ҩɽɹٵɽ
ιʤ֪Ҫãλɹʲô˵ֻҪ´ȥҲƲʤ
ҩɽ򲻴ʤŷҲкüȻҩɽʲôϢƬܴ֮顣
ҩɽһҩ̣һ׳ܣˢĺһˣȴŮߣʷȣƲţЦŮӽϣΧȻͣҲͬûһ㣬Ϊ׳ӣǵ졣
һҽɽΪ˵ҩɽ߻˿ԳͷأԾˣڼʱĺ磬׸ƵСǵƣѾҩɽһ⣬һҾռĳɡ
ǿҩ̣ͽҩ̡
ʱһڽͷ۶ľ׳ǺӵͷһݣԸ磬ҷһ
˵ţͽʤƺһ齲˳
㿴ˣ漰⣬Ǻӱǳҩ̵ĵңϰԣ˿ͣ붯˫֣˷ʵץϵĺ˿ھơ
ƺҩɽҪɽ˹ʤСӡ۶ĺظ˵
ģϰԴŭǹʤˣӷˣʲôҽˣ⣬ֻʤֻʣµġǺѳֺһɽҲֻǳҩ̰ѳ֣˭⣬ˣҪˣ
϶ٲˣʤСˣ˵Ѿˡ
ҩɽһô˵ġ͵ɡ⣬ѾǴˣΪÿһҩɽˣٶҪƽеࡣ
Ūѵģֵǣߣϰ׹һ˵ʵҩɽ⼸꣬ʵѾ׬˲٣еĽƫԶ֮һǶ࣬˵Ǯ濴ϡ
ùʤôһ㣬ǻ˹أҪǣһӴô˽ȥģֻϰܰ죬ҪƵ飬ֻɹʤôһ㣬εĹһƣԺͲճˡ
˵ֱһ㣬ǳҩ̵ĵλͻһǧɡ
ϰԿǼǵãʱҪֺˣΪˮ󣬽˺ݺݵʰһ٣˺üˣĴ󵱼Ľعؿͷϴ类˸ˡ
ϰһΣǾԼľԼģ˭ͺ
Σ¶Ҫ֡ϰѾˣȥѵһ¹ʤԷʶȤãǲʶȤֱöԷҩɽʧǸԴɽġͻҲһҪȡ㲻ɣҲҪ̽һ¶ԷĵϸöԷҪκҩɽ⡣
ϰԸôɣȻĵÿµ棬һ붼ТҩɽɽٷϲһλɹٵɽϰԵȻ޿֣ӼΪ֪ʲôɽλ˶ȻǺӣ԰ŮǶТˣ
һһֳֵһɱڵĺӾͽʤľ¥ΧˡԷʳͿƣæжԶܶԶﲻطЩֶεˣҲҪʵʵ˭֪µǶɽ֮շġ
΢ڶ¥ȲϢĸ֪ȻǿԲ
ֻһΪµʿߣеֻ֮ͨ΢ˣȻǶͷɵˣЩϹ
ϰģֳһѪ߰ߵĿɽ⸫Ҫ󣬾˵һλóʿƵģһӳҲ޴󣬶ҪŻõġ
¥ŵļ˱߹ȥͱǺһһ߷ɳȥϰȻ޲ɵȴʿѾؾ磬Ըһˣֵ
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ɫѿԼҩɽҲһ˭ԼԼһүƫƫ˾ȻԼӡ
ϰҲûӵˣ֣ƴ³嶯ʵϣȴϸ緢ƻޱȣȻҲҩɽķˮֽ׶ΣҲӵֻˣһǸյҩɽ򣬻֪ԼֶεˣˣеǷʰ鷳ǵڶˣǾݣԼǲˡ
ǺĽأֻҩɽɹ٣¡
ϰ͵õϢ˵λͻ¥ӣеһˡ
һЦǹǰһֵҩɽҩ̴󵱼ϰԣ֪λγƺ
΢û˵
ϰԼ״üͷһ壬ɭɭһЦֵλ˾ǧ֮⣬ɲ֮٣Ǵ촰˵λʲôգֻϰԣұ֤ҩɽûκܱȵң˸ɿǹʤұ֤λĺôǹʤ١
˿Ҳϰʲôˣ飬ǲǣ΢̧ͷһϰԣȻ´ΰɡ
ѾǺԵľܾˣ΢Ȼ˷ʱ䣬֮ǰѾųѯʹҩɽûкɹйģҲֻйʤ΢Żϰԣ΢֪ԷĿɽɽٷϲ΢ȻǷϲ֮ʲôǣöԷʲô
Ϊô˵ϰԻ뿪û뵽ԷȻЦһλһߣպʵҺҩɽɽɹٷ˹ϵܺãһЩǲͨңҿԱ֤ǰ첻ɣ
Ѿǳвˡ
΢ȴΪΣһֳֿŵĿɽһ뺷ϰԣԷͷһƶûУֻӿӣҲֻؾߣԼһĴڣȻҲţ


ڶٰʮ 
΢û˵ΪûбҪ֮⣬Ϊ⣬ǳֽѵһԼ˼ۡ
ʱ΢Ӧǹʤˣֱȥ
ʲô£͹ʤ˵ɣôһ仰΢¥ȥǽ΢ϰһԷ˲棬ҪŭʱһƬң¾ʤˡ
ģãϰЦһȳ¥ȥǿһ˸ϻɫѿĹʤ
ҲϰԣȻЩɵԷֱ۸ţǷλ죿Ҫλү棬Ǳ˭һλɹ٣ǾԲܵҲԲλɹǰ¶һ棬˭
Թʤ̬ȺӲϵģǲһɽǿҩɽɽٵĹϵŰ裬ƽ۸۸Ҳˣڣ㾹Ȼ۸ԼſڣٷǾû·ˡ
ǣſϵģǮ׬ҩɽһ˵ģصҵĶľţþˮˮǱƼˣݹҲӡ
ޣʤʲôҲү˵ֻүүͲˣôţһ㣬ҩɽûʤĵضˣǣңϰЦһǴɱӺˣҪѪֶθ߱ˣҩɽ򣬴ɽ⣬ֻҩ̵ϰҪֻܵõĵͷһҪĺôſԡ
ǡ¢ҩɽĺһɽ⣬ϰҲҪ¢ϡ
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˳ֹ΢Ȼֵʩչĵһˮڲͬ
ϫǺˣϰһڣãôѺ˸ˣҩɽϣ˵ûϰԲǵˣҩɽɹ٣Ǿˡ
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ϰۼ⣬һ۾ͿԶϵˣĿɿڴȻĽŮˡ
ȻϰԲ
ˣ͸˵ʤˣȲϰԣ˺ʮǧֵǺĸ֣ҲҶˡ
˫Ĵ֣ȻǸҿĸ֣Ǿж١
˿̣ͼնһĺ߹һɫɨһϰԺ͹ʤҼҵҵǣô£
еĵҵģȻǺĴ󵱼Ľء
ϰԲ֪𣬶ʤҲûŤͷȥһ΢˲֪ȴ֪΢ɹ٣ǺҲԲһλɹ١
Ǻɫһ䣬һ飬һΣ䣬ɱ⡣
΢ƺǣʤҲӦæǽȥһ飬Ȼû΢ݣɵȻʼ˼Ҷûг棬ǲմȾ鷳
֪ˣɫȻĻȥңһ͵ָʹֻɽ⣬ҩռ˴ͷˣңӦöϵҡ
һ⻰ʤһ仰˼ԣǾҪԼϰԵģԺ϶ˡ
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ҩɽڶУû˸ҶĽ˵һϰԸĽؿͷϴ˭֪ʤɲΪԼϰԻҪǿ
ȻвʣҲֻҧͷȻĽҶô˵ˣȻհ죡
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дѾӦú󵱼˹֮Ϊ˵ģһҩɽؽ磬ʣǿ϶ҩɽ֮ϵɹ١
뵽ǿ΢ıѾǺ֮ǰȻͬһǴŹֺã棬ʤı鲻˵ǵ⣬ƺĿɽһ㣬ϰȴǻһŵɫ԰ס
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Ҳ˵λɹҹʤҪʤĴˣǷϲԼĹϵһֲùʤ˵󣬻ҺԼӲСпɽˡ
¸Ǻã
ǲɹһԲˡ
ǳԾ΢γǡ
Ľأ΢ûмԷôϵԼĪǣԷǶͷˣշģʱ΢ͻȻĽüΪصķһơ
΢ͫһ
ȻϵƣΪǡ簵
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ңԷ֪Լڶġݡ
Լڶʲôݣ΢ԼȻƽ̫ģ΢ƽ־˲ὫԼݸ߲ɵˣȻĽ֪ҪôƽҪԼҪôĽݼΪ⣬Ƕƽ켶ȻƽܽԼݸ
Ȼȷݣ΢ҲûţֻصĻһƣǵ˵ͷǵĽһӦ


ڶٰʮ ֶ
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˵꣬һɵתͷߣͣ
һλɹٳҲҵһɹ٣˵Ľض˵ˣϰԵٴҲٶ˵ʲôһҲܾôȥҪĿɽˣô˵Ͼɽ⣬Ǳ߿ռ˴ͷ
ʤһϲãĽҪλִ˵ʱһʱ䰲ƱϯȻҩɽ򲢲һӣƲȴǲȱһðһƲˣȻǲµģֳϣֻĽ󵱼ҵĲʸơ
΢ûоܾϯΪҪĽأŶԷҲһ
һ֮ھֻʣ΢Ľأ΢ţĽأȴȻһЦȻȡһǷʩչͷųȥһɷ·ĤһĶΧ֡
΢óһиռЧڶԷɵʿ£΢ҲͿˣĽصΪɲͷ˵ƺʵش󾳣ɵ羹ȻǱ΢Ҫߣ΢޵ɵȻǶԷԶԶġ
󷨣ĽزŵִˣСŮĽأҲǶﶫֶĶ
΢һȻǶˡ
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ΪƽֻһͨˣɶһȻɵش󾳵ʿȷЩ˼־֮УûֶΣǲˡ
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룬΢Ľأⶫֶ棬жŵù֡
⣬ĽȻûдԥˣǺǶֺܶ࣬ŵùģһ֮
΢ˣȻﵱвǶǶˣֶ棬ĽأҲˡ
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ִˣ𣿡ĽһЦȡƺ΢һƣȻ˫ַϡ
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΢ûлشҲûбҪش𣬶ֱӷԸҲҩɽеɹ٣صշ壡
һΣĽصɫЩ仯ִƶһֶ棬ͨˣ˵ľǻ۶ڳˣ΢һ仰֪΢Ҫʲôˡ
ϸһ룬Ľض΢ѾǾηмӡ


ڶٰʮ Բ
΢ĿǰһζأٴˣҲ벻ʲôð취ƽ֣ΪȨڱҩ԰ҲȷУһʱݡʱƽĽشѶʱ̸֮΢Ľ΢λãҲǺް취ƽֻ˵һ仰õķأֻƽҲô
ΪҪͷҩɽԼҩɽ٣ҩףƷɹ٣շ塣ǽշ⵹΢Ȼǽˡ
ҩɽշһԽĴɽֻͷƫƫ΢Ǹȥۻ롣
𣿡ĽһĿɿڴ΢һ䡣
ĽŴлعЦûУûһЩʱ䡣
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΢ϸţʾĽؼ˵
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ʤһѡûɹ֧֣ҲɾĽظ΢֧һС
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£΢Ľã˸Ȼйʤӡ

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¹Ҳ˼ֻҪ΢вǵ⡭ϲû˵꣬շ͵֪Ǿǰ
˵֮䣬ɱڡ
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ϲ뵽ʲôԥҩɽҩϣѾľϵΨһûеģҩ԰һԺɹ֪ˣǻὫҩ԰ϡ
շһЦǾͲԺɹ֪УȥˣɳѲҩɽ飬׼ҩ԰ˣ䲻΢֪
ϲ۾һתͷ¹ˡ

ҩɽڣʤ˿һϲã崺硣û뵽λֵɹٴ˾ȻҪԼһԼдշǻ˳˳ˮԴ
Ȼ΢ǧл΢ĵһ⣬ȻҪƯƯ
ִˣҵ˶Ǽ׵ˣ˹Ŀʤ˵꣬վŵ˸ƣ˼æǰЩվ
˾ȻٶУҲŮˣҲֹһŮˣһò绨ȵŮ
ĽΪ˱ӣѾˣڣȻһۿ˵УġֻʣµģǸ
ô˵
Ҫ͸ɹٴ˸ɻµˣܲȫеģҲ׳ҲŮЩˣȻǡġ΢ҩɽʱ򣬺߸ˣҲСеʱָˣҲǡǮɽ֮źǵġ
ΪҩɽҩūҲŵȣһЩҩū˽£ǹҲǺүһкܶźţ̹ĺܡ
΢˿ǰˣӵۣ΢ǿԿ˵ǷǲߣŲһǹߺӵָ˼ңֻ״ѣҪ֪΢ǿԿԪģڵٻһꡣܽҩɽ֮ڣܵҩɽڳԣٳʳȪˮǳһЩҩԪȻ
ǻǮ
ˣһǼΪ׳˶ĺӣͷӿȻһߣʵأܹӶĻŮӣǶ˷䣬һĸͷĴݰףüͶдҹĸо΢Ŀ֮£ŮЩɬͷ̧ͷ΢ӡ
ʵģȻҲѰ˼ҵĹŮȻܶ˶֪ҩɽҪҩūŮˣܻܿΪϣлɵ͵ջ˶ܾܾġһЩû䣬ȻǼеˣҲὫԼҵŮ뷨ҩɽ


ڶٰʮ 
ΪڵŮӽҩɽҲ˵ڷˣǿ˲õ顣Ϣһȥƾͻָ̻ǱǰҪ
һŮˣһȻֵá
˵һҩɽŮ˳ϢˣΪĳŮС檣ͨΪɵʿߣǶԼ͸ˡ
ŮǷֱѾûļ壬Ϊ˼Լҩɽ
Ҫ˵ֲ֣ģʤãðִ˷ǣԾŮȥ̷ִˡ
΢˵ûʲôҪ˭УĿģֻΪ˻ѽҩɽ
΢˵ͷȻڹʤޱȹĿ£ɽ
ҩɽĹؿ֮΢ҩɽأĽصĽ̸΢Ѿ˴㡣
ȻԼɹ٣ǾҪչֳɹٵϣԼҩūɽܱСආס
Ǿ仰С£ܶһλɹκӰ죬΢û鹥ˣҲһ
ڵģǸֹ¡Ľ˵ϰԵĺ̨ɽٷϲôԷ϶Ѿ֪Լҩɽ飬Ȼˣ΢ûһڽ͵˼ֱӴ˾ߡ
ֹ¼΢ǰѯ˭΢üͷһ壬󵨣ٴҩūɽã㻹Ҫɣ
ңִҪҩūֻ谴չ涨¼ǵɡֹ˷ϲָʾǾǲ΢
ǿ΢ǽһЩôˣôж٣
һ֮΢λҪģȻˣһΣ
Լ򵥼¼ֹ±ˡ
ĽҲû뵽˳һֱ΢һ·ϵҩ԰˿
ң԰ǽĹʵأ˿Ҳǲ⹴£û䡣
΢нöԷԼæ֮⣬ҪӶԷʳл˵İӡ
Ϊ΢һֱл˱ְİӣ϶򵥡Ϊ¼ȻշģлǷ򲻿ܻᱻطų˵лǱԩģ϶Ҳһ˵ôͼ˵ģһ϶飬˵շİѱ
Ӳ΢ǹλΪշֶֻ̫࣬ͨΡ
˽ųɰ٣΢нӣϸѯʵ顣
ĪǣҪл˷ӿһϣ΢ȴʵʵ˵£ҪΪץշİѱлԩģȻҲ˰ԩ
ãдһ仰㹻ˣһ£Ȼʼ
ǰҩɽĹ֮һҩ԰лɵ£лʮͷǴлѧ˲ٶ˺ı¡ʱҩɽٱշ塣
ƽһл˴һѲϵҩʩչ磬ҵʱûпκκƽĲͬл£ܲ˵Ǹջɳ˾ļɹٸлץߣ˵л˷˴ҩɽʮƷ˽̷պ󣬱㴫˾лѹն̨նϢʹ֮ɫ
˶٣ֽŵ֪л˾Բôһ򶼼вأճϰ߾ͿԿ˽̷ҩɽǻƿЦҪ֪ҩɽл˾Ϳ˽̵ģ֮λ޴ǡ֮ҩ԰ǻķˣǰˣɢɢųɻãֻһͨҩū򷢻ȥңȴΪ֮ԲһȴǱ֮أ̤벽
΢ţŵģµĿŶȡ
˵ĶģлǱԩģΪβԩˣƫƫѡ
˭Ҫԩ
һ㣬΢֪ľշ塣
ôշ嵱лɣҪأҪôûʲôԭһҪôлʲôշ岻òʹɱ֡
΢ںߡ
л˻֪һЩ£շҪ
лɾʲôֻ֪ЩʲôҪ顣£ڽ졣΢һʣҡͷʾ֪΢ֻһַʽлǼգûʲô
Ƭ̲ͻȻʲôƵ˵ˣǰ죬лɴ˵Ƶһöƽٵ⣬ȥһҩɽ⣬֮лɫƺʲô鷳¡
ƽٵ־֪Ǻܸ߼ĵҩ΢춮΢һͣ΢ּ֪ĵҩǷʿƽٳʱΪõĵҩ˵ֵ
лɳԵ˵Ϊʦ΢һʣǾлô֪Ƶĵҩ⣬ôشġ
л˵ĵΪߣƺܶ߼ĵҩһķţƵĵҩмƣһƵĵҩ⣬л˾ͻһʱ֪
΢Ȼ
ٽϽ֮ǰľлƵһЩҩҩɽı֮ڣȻӦҩ⣬˵ҩɽı⡣ɺϵǣлɵ˽ҩɽҩġ
лȥ̽Ϊ²ɱ֮
΢ɺϣ֮Ȼϵϧл磬Ǳն̨ɱģ𣬾»ǣôˣҲ϶Ͷֻȥˡʱ飬Ҳ޴ӵ֪
ϾһһĿ꣬΢Ҳ֪Ӧʲôˡ
֪飬ҲڴˣҲǺģǽ֪ܶص飬ܻڡ
΢ĬƬ̣ｫЩµͷۣȻһȻҽҸоŵһ˿ıζ

΢ûеһʱȥҩɽ̽飬ΪҩɽĹϽȨҩҲշ΢Կ϶л֪շһЩܣű˿ڣһʮֵù˱˺ڹʮݣǶôӴһ֣ҩɽҩ԰һĲҲô̰࣬īôݣŹ֡
лɸɵģǾͿ϶ˣ΢ãܿշ壬㲻ҲͶԷѲϴ
΢ѽ찲ŵͶųһ𣬸һҩһԶ¡΢ǵãм£֮ǰȥǸ¾ͻȥҽ죬ʱԷֽ뿪϶ɣȻ
һЩ飬ץʱˡ
Ȼҩɽֻһ£΢ȴıʱڵ΢Ѿ˵ƺͷ֮
˵ڵ΢ǽɹ˿ءľһҺҪݣҲǲܣƷ׵ݡ


ڶٰʮ ²
ߵҩܵҺӰ죬طֲ֣ݲʱѾһƬã΢ĸ㡣Ҳ΢ҺļֵǱ֪ȻȻ󲨣ԾԲй¶ȥ
룬΢ڿҪҪڽһЩǱڵȥڽˣԵ˰æܶѾԿչҲ˵΢ѾȫҪǸڼĺ¡
Ūףº󣬿϶շ˾ǻԽȨα겻α⼸˴δһֶԼı
ʱȲ⼸ˣ΢ŪǣȴҪ΢Ѿ뵽ӣֻҪûɱκµ˵УһЩܾͿס
ֹ֮ȥʮ죬ҹ֮΢ϣͰһʩչϢ뿪ҩ԰Ȼҩɽһ֮ضȥ
֮أҩɽڡ
ֻһʱ֮΢Ͱصҩ԰ΪҩɽΧִƣܻ롣
ȻҲ֮Уҩɽ⣬ŵĶ϶ǴҩģȻرɭϡԽˣ΢ԽõлǺԩ˽䱸ɭϵı⣬ƾлƷɹ٣ôܷ˽ռݵĴ
˶ܿ⣬ƫƫлɾôﴦն
˵ûè壬΢ǵһš
Ȼɳ˾İɹٺշǱΪ飬¾˵ùȥˣˣ΢ڵĴ͸鷳ˡ
ԷʵԽǿԽѶԸ΢ͻȻ뵽һ㣬ԼЩ˼һ⣬ԼײǹڣѰ·
ɹУҪȥ٣Ҳͨɳ˾һǱΪ鴮ͨһ·Ϳ϶߲ͨʱȻԷɱġ
΢ԼһεľأĵλΪ˶Է̫ԶĲշ״
ⲻˣͿ϶ܵҵı
ʱ΢һʼҲĬĬţšɽı׫΢Ҳ˻ȡ˾޴͵λҩɽԼΪβʼʩֻʵǿ㹻ӰжԿıǮ
ԼĴڿɳһЩ߲עշùѹԼ
˵ڶգ΢ȥҩⷭ伮ѰͻƿڣʵϣҩɽĸݶеǼڲᣬԱ׫һڡɽġľļƻ϶УΪڸݡԼ챦ĵ伮кܶ࣬ҷű࣬Ѿ˹ģдһļҲ
ʧ֮࣬΢һĲŻȥ½һرļصģһЩѾݺҩġ
΢ǵҩʱǽһŸʾдŵľɳɹһЩϡҩϢ
˭ϡҩ϶ɹٵӣҪ֪ҩ԰٣ܲҪ֮ݣôЩһǹҩ԰ٵģȻǿ
ǰ΢붼룬ľһҺֻҪӣ΢ʲôԡ
΢Щ뷨ֻȡӶͨɫ࣬Һ࣬ҲܳһЩƷݣϡеĲҩӶ㲻
ʱ΢һҳ۾һ
ΪһҳܸΣһΣ΢죬һ£ⲻǰͷ˲ε
ĲͼΩΩФΪˣ΢һϳ
ٿĲϵļأ챦˲Σ֮Ʒϡ٣˹Ѿꡣʮ귢ѿʮΣʮ꣬ɳɲģ챦˲ԵǣΪҩ顣ҩɵͨ˵ԣ֮죬磬ȴ֮ͨ챦˲ΣײΣǧ귽ɳϲΣ
΢һ䣬ͻȻ뵽ǺԼͷүүͷϵĲӰɫô
뵽΢˿ôˡ
ԭͷҩ飬ͷǧҩ飬ֲԼһ㶼ˣϾôޱǧ꣬ôܻ
Ĳ˵챦˲Ѿ꣬Լ֪ǷԾɳĸ߲㡣
νûӣӣ΢ţƾһӵҺԽ챦˲ٲУ΢ľ
뵽΢ͻȻðһͷⱾĲֿһ飬ŷҩ԰
ҹ֮΢һ룬ȻԼĳʢҺߵһƫƧ֮ءڳ΢˲֪ٸҺһ㶼͸뿪󷨷ΧҺϵͿʼӿ
װҺĴһʯͷϣ΢Ƕ㵽һԣʩչ󰲾ȴ
ȻǴҺնյģȻǰ
Ѿ챦˲Σץס׸ɳ̾ͻڶĿ⣬˺ܴӰʱշҪʲôҲõ
Ƭ̣΢һ̿һ򣬹Ȼĵ΢΢ʶ󰢱ǿɰԴð˳
СһӵֺŶǶӣʯͷһҩǻϲص˹ȥ
΢֪ҪץʱⰢȥСһʵϣȴǲľɾˡȻѾ⣬Ҫ֣΢ȴԥˡ
΢˰үүԷΪߣаڣԼδ˶ԷȴⰢޱȣȻǲľɾȴǴδ£ץ׸ɹ٣־Ǳɵҩ
ڳɵʱ򣬰ѾǶһҺû̺ȥ룬ȻүүңҲ͵˵Ķȣϴ͵λˮѾˣΧûˣӦþͲ͵ˡ
˵ͲסСͷ촽һͷʼ˹˺
ȵһҺȹ֮󣬰ŷǰվһˣϸһһ㶣ʮˣ磬ǲֺˮ
Ȼ΢ǴﲻΪĿĲֶεľ㰢ˣֻǲľ֮飬΢ûӽôһСһ˲ץߡȻǻһڵµ˲Σֻ߶Էһ׶ޱȵļһô΢϶ǺԥĶ֡
ûϵ˾ͺˣﻹУ΢ЦЦԴһһЦȻ󽫴뻹΢
ܣ΢һ䣬ȥִһҺȥʱ򣬹ȻʵʵվԭأȻСһȫĻޱȡ΢̾˿ݸ
ȥɣԺǵòҪܣ˿㣬ˮˣҴ硣
һЦֺ˸⣬ȻתܣƬ̾ʧ٣֪ȥʲôط
Ȼֲľ֮רŵĲ֮Ȼôôʱ䲻ץҪ֪ҩɽ֮ϣֿǲ١


ڶٰʮ ޽֮
ҹɫŨɽ΢ȴǺܺá
ڡ
ľǣΣ˵ԣǱˣ֪׳ȥСһȻᱻɵҩ΢ó顣
زΪۻ΢ȴ޲ءǰľʯĳʱ򣬱ҪԶΪľͨ
Ȼ΢ҲԼ֮֡͡ʡһЩڣץ˰Ȼܵүүı˭֪ҩɽ֮ϻûʲôҩ飿
֮⣬ץ߰׸ɳҲδԼԸ
˿΢ͻȻоԼɵΪȻҲͻȻһأ֪϶Ϊղŵ飬һ̨ףһµľ磬Ҫ֪ȡ֮˭ֹϵشѡѡģѡ沨ȴǷǳѵģ΢ͷȥһ˿̰ģȻľ
ľͷҲҪĥ²ܳɳ
ҩɽ֮¼֮أ̤㣬һ޴ޱȵĶλҩɽ֮ɣ˵Ѿں֮¡ⶴУҲ̨ͤ¥ҳأͷ֮ϣӡǳͼȻģֻ档
˿̣һʯԣһһ壬ֽţߵ⣬ȴüۣץȻڲһ
ϲͷһһ壡ӹ벻ʲô취ˣȻʼˣͷ֣УУлĵ˾ˡ
Ҳûӣ䣬ҲԸ⣬ʱÿԶһӰǲҰ𣿡
ϲͷŤͷһǵСӣ϶ֵܡ
һ÷ʺ͵͵̣һ˵ǰ̫ΣˣЩһϳݣ϶ᱻץҩ붼ÿ¡
ԣϲͷЩҡΣǷ𣬽ƣȻһʮɣƬ֮͵˰ߡ
Ҳһ㶣ûʱˣҲǼæ˹
˿̣ɫͨ죬ԺȻ·ҡҡλΡ
ôˣϲͷһżⰢӣи̣ϲͷ治֪ôˡ
үүүϲͷһЦȻһãһ㡣
ʱҲչһһ㶣Цϲͷ޷ǹңûûʲô£ʳ˾ԪмǿľϵԪҪͻƾˡ
ʲôϲͷһ㶣ϸһҲɫͣʱ򰢱ȻǿͷϺ˯ȥӿ֡
ȰѰȥϸô£ҩɽϣ֮ǰѾûľϵԪԪ类ɽӶᣬ˽һ㶼̲ϣҲ֪ǵʲôԵԶúܶ࣬ϣϲͷȻǶƴӣæȥ
¶֮ڣ˿̾Ȼֻ
ڴϺ˯ϲͷӵĻûйڵģӴ˿Ҳ࣬˿̿ϲͷүһ˼
Ƭ̣˳ȥȴ澹Ȼһ˸ϡҩģ΢ȻĿɿڴΪϡҩݣǶ࣬ȫҲѾȫĵر
ңĵرٶݵģǧϵĶкܶࡣ˵һȥ涼ɵʿ֮ķᣬȷѪꡣ
һƬʿɽ˶۲ҩӵı龹Ȼӿһ˿ɫ
ˣŶֻǧȥҲҪҪȶãϲͷͰҩң㹻ľԪӦûԵҩ飬Īǣ˿ҹµæڰбӣ
ʱϲͷҲӺֺ߳«ǧǰҩ飬Ҳֻˣ˵𣿡
ҡͷȻϲͷǵһʣҲǵһλشˡ
ҿض뿪֮ǰұ㲻뿪۶öҪȣҲҪסǲܱ¶ΰȥ֮ʳ˴ľԪܶŪһӦþͲôµˡ۾˵ϲͷһҲǷӦæֺ«˼˵
ûһȰˣúΣ˵ҲҪȥһˡֺ«˵꣬ǰһƬҩɫдһ˿ᶨ

ҩ԰컹û΢ͿͶųɶһ𣬲֪ʲô΢֮´չȥ˿ȴڰŪһݡ
źԶ˵̸
˵Ŀģ֮أ˿ԽϵƵ˵ϣⲻǿЦɣųɵЩȻΪΪȣԲŻˡ
еȻǽ죬ΪﲻԭԾͻ˸֣
ǺһЦǻм٣ұۼɳĮĵطһЩǺܲͬһĴһ㣬ͬˣ飬ǻ˵ģҲûãǴȴǿö࣬֫Ի˵ޱȣ˶צ٣ҲļΪҲԹȴûɹҽȻ˲УұԹֲֲͬ޽һû뵽ȴǿԣҾַӣһЩԭ֮صĲҩ򿹺ֲ޽ӣɹˣȻҩˡ
֪ǵطɺ꣬һЩҩֲ벻㾹Ȼ֮ųɺǹά˵һ䡣
˿ֵ˷ִ˶ҲдҩɽѴҲ֪ԾǣһݣҾ˼޽֮͡Ʋݡںһܳɹȡҩ֮ҩɽȺӣһִܰˡֻǣҼҶݻƣҪˡ
ųҩɽʱպܳԸݵϰҲʮϤҶųҲҪûа취Ȼһ޽ݡ
ˣʩչľϵҲֻܻͣһ޽ݣǲСų˼ΣûʲôЧ˵
Ҳûӣû취ˡ̾˿ʱͷſ΢
ˣ˼æԴ֪΢лɳԩѩǶųɻǽ΢ǹмӡ
΢۾ȴһֱһ޽ݣ֮£΢翴ݵڣһȡһЩҺȻ󽽹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬Һͱһֲһգһ޽ݾȻǿʼ賤Ҳ֮ǰųɺͽӳֹľϵֻƬ֮䣬ͳһ˸ߵСС֦Ҷ࣬ԣĹȻûг죬ȴǾӨ͸棬Ȼ·Сζһ㣬ϡ


ڶٰʮ ħ
ˣ⡭Ŀɿڴû뵽Ǻް취֮£΢ֻʩֶξͽһ޽ݾȻʵ
ǾӨʵζСߣ΢컹ǶųɶɫǶҩ䣬֪ݣʣǰ֡ȴǰδһȫµݡ
棬΢˷ܵһַ·ҩĺʼֵֻҪϱɳȻԽʹͣ΢֪мֵǡ޽֮΢Կ϶޽֮ڣȻ䶯ЧӰǱԼġɽҪöࡣ
ﲻ˵ĵط΢һ䣬ʩչֶΣŶųɺͽ컹һ޽ŲƵ󷨵ĳߡ
Ƕųɻǽ춼ͷһν뵽ǱһҺסˡ
һҺɢŨľϵֱŨ˼㣬ƽ΢ųȪˮҺӴȪˮϡ֮󽽹࣬ѾֳЧҩ԰İ˿ҩǳƼá
ͳΧĸȣǼֱС׼ף˿̳ΧֱдУֲҩҪ
Դ΢첢󷨷֮󣬶ųɻͷһ˿һĿɿڴǼһӺҩ򽻵Ҳû֣˵һ굤Ȼ˸ߣ˶ĵһϣҲֻһö
ӳݣ£ָֻϸӳҶҶƬȻаƴС
ƵĿ˵ʤһԵĵϣһѸոڳĻƾǸͷȻСĸ첲һ̺⿴ӣ֪ЩҩȫǶƷϣеƷϵġ
ִˣ⣬⾿ǣѾ˵
΢ҲΪ޽֮Եʣǲչ¶޽֮ϾƲ¶ףҽ΢Ҫһ˽żҲֻʺϡ
Һ΢ûнͣеʱ򱣳һЩظǺбҪģ˸оԼɲ⣬ųɺͽҲֻӾηԼ
ҽǼ޽֮ɷϸ˵΢󣬽ȻдǱϸϸ޽֮˳˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲǳӣΪּ޽֮ҪֲҩϰԺصģΪܶ飬ʮֻһļ޽ӿԳɹɹʷǳͣԣμ޽ӣнһΪѧʡ
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΢͹۲Χʩչ׾ȴ˶ԷһֲڣǸװʱˡ
ǣѾͷҵ΢һ£ǾȾܡ
ܵķշ˸ķ
һܣ΢һߺ˰콫ץ
շ棬΢Ǽææȥ񣺡Ŵˣپң
շҩɽһɹٴ˿̸˹һۿһڣ²֮ڷ׷ɱ΢
˵΢е⣬ô˵΢ڶҩɽɹ٣Ϊҩɽ٣շĿ֮Ҳ̫һ΢£ȻʩչֶΣ˦һѷ·ĶЩٱһ½׷ɱ΢֮˸ѹס
˿ͬ֫ȫסá
л˳Ŵˣ˼ΪײУ͵͵Ǳҩ԰ͼ죬ɱ˺£¹ƴȫʩչ׷ȻסǴ˳֣¹ҲͺһɥȪˡ΢һм֮ɫӻշƨ
շ΢΢˵ͷʱǸ׷ɱ΢²Ҳ侲˿ͻȻŴˣ¹ҵҵ˰

ôᣬˣ

漸ɹϸȥĿɿڴΪǷ֣΢Ǳҩ԰ɱ˵ˣȻǷ̨ҩ԰٣ҵ
ҵҩɽҲǹְ꣬Ƶҩ԰ˣҩɽ֮ϵ˶ʶ
շɫѿһҲϳҵҵ㣬ʲô
¹٣¹ǡҵ˿Ǳ飬һʱ֮Ҳ֪ô͡
ȷûӽʲôǵ˵档
ʱصʱ֮ǰ
ڷ̨ҩ԰ҵյȥҩ԰Ե׵ġ¡Ϣԭ±ȥ΢ġ
ҩɽҵշ£ȻշҪԸ΢ȻҪʿ䣬Ծ˺°΢ߣһ΢ʲôԵһʱ֪ץס΢һЩѱȻշ壬ȻŴԽԼ
ͨ£ҩ԰ָƣȻҲ֪ҩ԰һ֮
¸һ֮ǰ΢޽һӴ֮󣬱㱻׼ٿǳ
ˣ΢˵ǳ֣Ȼûʲô˵ܣڡ
ú°й۲˼գҵʱˣҪȥҩ԰ǳ﾿ʲôܡ֪̽ܣȻŴˣһ󹦡
ԣԳΪΪҩ԰ȥ磬峿ʱ֣͵͵Ǳҩ԰˿ʼһĻ
ҵǧ㣬û㵽΢Ե죬պ֮ǰҩֺ«΢ԭ󷨣áߵ滻΢󷨡ߵϷ˵ĿΪշ˾ˣҲһ⡣
ҵû뵽΢ΪҲӣǲǱ룬ͷ׾ǻǱ
ܴ裬ͬΪ˵õС͵ȥ˼ң˰ǹʹ򣬻¶Ŀ֮£涪˭̡Ż֮ŭܲ˵ɱǺ£ոʵҲû壬ֻŭ֮¶֣ڣ֪ԼһɱǺ¡
֪飬νͣ
һǵ˵棬˿̣ҵֻһطȥֻҲǲ˵Ȼһعˣܱȶٺá
뵽ҵһתǴ㽫ʺӿѾĺͷϣɥŴˣ¹ᰡȫᣬ͵͵Ǳҩ԰ݻ΢ģ̽һЩ⣬֮ǰ֪ͨ˺£ȴǲ֪Ϊһͱ΢ִͻȻ
ҿ
΢ӣҵҲ̫ҪˣҲõľƷɹ٣ɵĿ󾳵ʿִһ̨ҩ԰Ȼܺ˵˵ߵǷǡ
붼룡
΢ԲӣˣҪݷңΪ͵͵ǺҲδ˵⣬Ǻû֪ͨңʱҲҩū㣬˶࣬˭ǴӴſ߽ģ
ΧҩūҡͷȻûп
ΣȻûô򵥣ҵշˣ˭֪ʱȻö˵ʲôҵһ΢Ȼûûˣһ˿˭ϱʱ΢ֵΪٶȿһЩЩ۷̥Ҳ
ʱżЩҩū٣Ҳûʲôϡġҵʱæ˵
ˣ´ʹںϣȻ˵֪£Ǻûи߱٣Բᡣ΢˵ӣͷ·ʾԷ̨һҵȻԣʱܺ΢ɣȻҲǵͷûˣȫǺ°²źıٺִ˳ͻ
ʵΣ֪ʱȴд»СС»޵˼
΢ô˵˶ԷʵǾԼһҧԷ͵͵Լҩ԰Σ
ԷֻҪƱһ϶ԽºŪȥ
Ҫǣ΢շҵģʱ鷳ڸոƬ֮䣬΢Ѿ⡣
һҵħҪŵˣҵħޣ϶д΢Ҫ۲۲졣
ºܾܿҵģҵ֮ǰ͵͵֮󣬲鿴΢ǿˣȻԷܾܿǳԼĳġ͸żķգֺ«պøԼ滻󷨣ߵĳС֮ǰͱ¶ˡ
ԼȻǳ
΢мɱﵣǿԽľҺֲݣһǱ׫޽֮ǺߣԲܴӰԼġ
ЩҪʱ䣬ǰ¶ýֺͷ붼֪϶ᱻƻ
շǻʵΪҩɽ٣İģԼǶ֡ڣҪöԷԼôʵʾƨһ⡣
һǱŹ֣ȻǶ⣬Ȼҵ΢»СȻҲ֦
Ƕܿ⣬Ϊҩɽ٣ΪշῴȻҵ϶ǰˣ΢ûʹˮ⣬Ȼ΢ʾʵֺá
ò˵΢Ҳһ˲ţϧǣԷ˲ܵˣԣշ岻ΪЩıƻ
һ־硱ȴӦճˡ
Ȼᣬ¾͵Ϊֹɡշ˵꣬Ȼ¾͸һˣһ̣͵Ȼˣλҿҩ԰΢һˣҩ԰Ҳһȡȡ


ڶپʮ ҩɽ
ȡ
΢һаշսթȡƨľ϶Ҫ̽ҩ԰ʱ΢ֺ«ԷԼߵ͵ԼĳСݣƾ΢֮ǰֶΣǽƭҵҲԲƭùշ塣
ڣҪȥͿɡ
£ҩɽշ壬ҩɽҩ԰ɹ٣ɽٷϲһ˺ƺƵĽҩ԰
ǰ˿޴ҩҩūһء
ǿҩ԰ĿǰҲһĹģٿȥҩ԰ڹģѾ£˿ҩʮֹҴ˿̣Ѿ½½˸ҩġ˿Ҳҩ˱ǣӿ֣ȻȲҩ԰֮ǰķϵģǼֱһһ¡
շ忴ЩҩҲǰԾΪ΢Уû뵽ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣȻǽѾķõҩ԰ģ
ֻתһ룬֪΢һ˲϶˰룬֮ǰ΢ﵣιµģǸ£ԷһУҩ԰ǺһףҲ˵ҩ԰仯϶ǺµĹ͡
Ҫʣ£շ忴һҩūѯʣҩūҩ԰Ǻ¸ճάֲһշһжǺѾʮֲѵ֪Լ΢Ҫ˲׼΢ȴǶĪûԼ˵΢պŵȫ
ںˣúã˳⣬˻á
ô룬շ廹ǽҩ԰һͿ΢ĳСݡ
΢Щģ˵ֺ«һٱ֤ߵ˾ΪϾǶԷô˵ǲô»
Դ˿΢нţϣȴûб¶˿
շɨ˼ۣûж˵ʲô΢˿ȻԷûп⣬϶顣
΢һףҩ԰ĺܺãҿʱϽʱߵĵҲӦüһӣҩ԰ϽǧһƷݰɣΣշӲʵһ䣬Ȼ˵
ɹһǵһŴҪ΢ư˵ҩ԰Ǻɫʱܲܳݶ⣬շһˣ촽촽ֱӾǧôɣ
΢һҲŭЦֵŴˣЩ
ʲô㶼ûô֪겻ɣҿôˣ΢㣡շ塮ĳ˵һȻﳤȥ
΢˼֮󣬺޲óշ忳⽴
ֱ̫
ǲ˻·ƾҩ԰ܲݶ죬շ嵹ãǸ˶ҩһӣ²£˵΢κһˣԲɡ
΢ɰ鴮˿̻һɳۣһѳ΢ݺһǰһʯնϣŽͷһɶ³ȥ
۸˰ƣ΢ˣշˣ΢Ҳٿ
һЩֶεץʱˣ΢շ壬ûκλ֮ҪԤڶԿҪһЩơ
ӣ΢ɽΨһһΣȥҩɽȡôΪ͵͵ͺĽ磬Էպռ鱨
Ľռ鱨Ȼв٣ȴõϵģҩɽɹٵһЩѱ΢ҲˣϲΪռŮ֣ɱˣһƫԶС
ҩ԰ʷ㣬ҲɵйһݣһСĹΥɳΪٵĹءǷ̨ҩ԰ҵ͵͵ҩɽݵҩⶼǴԽЩ˰չ
Ҫշ״ȴûУҲСС֣ܽλƷɹ
ǲܽһӴòҪȥΪܻܿöԷ߳ŭ񷴻΢ڣǾסԷķ
ȻˣЧʺͼֵȴҲֵ쾡£΢㲻ƿȫֵĸо
ָоˬҲΣաܺãҲҪšҶʱҲܵģ΢Ľزħ޵飬Ľرǲ鲻
΢ʣµʱ䣬;ӪҪ԰жȹ
תһ¹ȥ΢ɵΪڷҺ£ͻƵش󾳡
ϣ龳
΢޵ɵÿһѶȼ󣬵ʵҲԲͬʿܱġ
գ΢ҩ԰ȴ֪ҩɽڷһ¡
ҩɽϿգ˿ӿƲʣðһЩӰҩշӦȴ̷ԾգȻЩӰЦλͬǰҩɽҩɽԣĳʧԶӭλͬ
˵꣬ЦŴ˿ˣҵǰŴˣǹⲻȥֻϣŴ˲ҪŶ
˵Ҳһɹٹٷˣʮɳɹ٣⵱Уһ϶ΪһЩƷɹȻ˾磬Ҳʿٹʮ꣬ƽٳɡ
շ˿ȫûƽݣɳԱֵļΪЩԱһɳԺġ
ɳԺʲôطշǺųƵ֮ԴԺĸֵһЩڲĲ֮оųɶǳԵԺҲˣ֮ڣһ仰µԺ
ȻԺġǵλߣɳλеУٶǰƷϣߣΪԺ¾ųɵȻӰҲǳȺ
һΣһԺǰΪҩɽһľϵǿҩɽ
ľϵǾǧȻγɵĶԺֶȻǿطⲼá
ͬһЩɽܺ͸߹ٵĶУͲŶ˵֮ԣޱȣ硣
˷ɳʹһȻǴ£ҩɽ϶ǲҵ
ܿ죬շ˵Цɳڹ£ҩǰҩɽϴССɹ٣Ѿˣ֮ǰǰ˳ҵ˿ҲŹʣվӭɹ١Χ¹һأƺƴ
ϸͻ֣ᷢ΢СΪҩɽ£ûȥ֪ͨ΢Ȼûд΢ֳϣΪҩɽһҩ԰پȻ֪շҪ㽫΢׹
λⶼͷһҩɽҪúÿҩɽķ羰ˣ⼸λҩɽĶ֮ţշΪҩɽ֮ȻȫĺģڶõĿ˽ҩɽֱ˸ҩ԰٣ҵʷͳͳУɽٷϲҲǺͼλɳõɹٺһֳνǱԻ


ڶپʮ ⣨һ
ҩɽ֮һȻ鴫ɳټҵҩ԰ӣɽˮ㣬ʵǺãԣǱ֮ɽҲֺһõɹٹһЦ̾
Ǭ˵ǣҩɽ羰ﶼŵ˱ǵĲҩ֮㣬ŴˣִҩɽиˣطΪǲǰһҲǴȤȻշ졣
ԺԶͣǹæʱ򣬲ҩɽס꣬ҲͻͽշЦһ˵һǰҩ
ҩɽϣͬ죬ⶫ֮ϣҩɽϹ֮ɲõĴ󣬼ﺣ֮˵ǿɶжŰһ󸹱ɹٴ˿˵շһЦȻҩɽλ˶飿λĳѾҩλ磬Ů裬λҪ͹Ŷ
ɹһǹһЦһҶ
Ƭ֮ҩѾǸƽ̾й¶һ̵ơЩҩɽزֵʽֶǿŶһܣûгԣڱҲζ˱ǣʳָ󶯡
ڳĶɵʿвѾ˾磬ƽôܿѰľ⣬ǷмֵǧϯЩ߼ʿҲǲֵһᡣȴͬΪľ֮ǵΪֻкôûлζɿڣ˭ϲ
ʿ˳Ϊǳˣ٣ʹһö棬ǧ𲻻ı
ҩɽ鴫ŴϯȻȲĸİٹ磬Ҳ޼ˡһɹٳһܵԼԣ̾
Ȼɹ٣ƽԲЩö
շһ֣ˣˣֻСС֣һЩɽĹӿλѰˣôܺĸ˵İٹᲢۡ
һҲ֪Լ֮ЩˣæҲĸ˵İٹȻǷͬСɣܸģȫɽܣҵСȻǲᲢۡ
ⷬЦͰˣ˭Ҳᵱ档ھշһϣһسۣǵ˴˿̵ŴˣǺζҵҲմŴ˵Ĺ⡣ҷɳϹ֮һľϵʹ͸ҩɽŴˣǱ˵˵ҩɽδҪ֪ľϵȶȻʱ䳤ˣľ龫ġ
ˣɳԺġ
һʣҲԴԽԺڶǵңеʱʿͳԲŻ֮Ϊ
ǹľϵ飬ҩɽҩ԰ٶ˷ˣȻһľϵļֵȡǵҩ԰УǱȻҩ԰ʱ򣬱Ȼݺ
ЩǵٵĹ˭Ҫ
⼸ҩ԰һΣһͦأʮ࣬ƺֵĸһ㣬԰ȡľϵһ
շһҲЦĽ߼λҩɽҩ԰٣Ѿˣʱ򣬱ǵҩ԰ѡһľϵ
ͬʱҩ԰
΢ոϣ΢ȷ磬еʱ򣬻ͨ΢鴮󹱱
΢ǳԼֳļ޽ʱ䣬춼ҪԺüѾǳˡ
ּ޽һζӸÿ㡣
֮΢ðţԼǴӵ߳˿ϵļ޽ݡ⼸ҪôɵҪôڳߺͶųɡһ޽ӺݺȻҲʱ׫д޽֮ҲǱѧϰ߱׫ᡣ
޽֮ͬڡɽݺƪ̫࣬Ȼò˶ã΢Ĺ㣬а£ɱ׫ɡ
ҩ԰ҩҲʮ룬΢뵽Լݵ֮һЩǷȱȥҩԱߵĲȥļݵĵ伮ḻ׫ġ޽֮
΢߶ţֱҩȥ
ҩɽй涨ҩ԰ҩϿǽֹʿеģ΢ҩ£Ȼɽ
ϵɽ΢;ýЩԾ·ĻԶ˺ܶ࣬ȥһٴһ㣬պƽʱܲһ
ʱ΢סˡ
ϵҩıؾ֮·˿аҩɽ΢ֱ¡
΢üͷһ壬ҩ԰΢Ҫҩĵ伮
ҩţִͷǵ΢˵̬ȻǿûҪе˼
ţ֪Ϊ£΢ûôŤͷ뿪Ϊ֣Բ˵ô򵥡


ڶپʮ ⣨
ǾͲ֪ˣִˣ벻ҪΪǣԲ˵
΢ſ۾ǰȥĿǿԿԶҩĹ㳡ϣվˣвףɽٷϲǸֹ£ҩ԰ʷĶ£ӣҩɽҩ԰ƺˡ
ϸЦ
΢ʲôֵλȥŴһ˵΢
ҡͷŴ˵ˣոŲִͣȻȥ£
΢β֪Լ͵ԲҪͨͻؾԼ
ҩɽȻʲô£ҩɽԱȥҩȴƫƫ֪ͨԼ
ʲô
ɵӶܿǳĹڼ̤Լ˸
΢Դ֮ǰΪƷٹһ·Ʒɹٵλã˵Ǿ˺ܶ飬δ㱻˳ѹż
ɹ٣Ȼͨס
ʱԱ߹Ẓ̸ཻ́Ĺ£ǿûп΢ֻ߿ˣȴѹû΢
Ŀɶɳɹ٣˵еԺһλء
ɲǣλ˶ȥӭͣҲæĽų죬Ѿˡ
ǣԶǿͣܵξ˵йغҩɽĴ£˵ɳδһľϵ
ˣˣ˵ˣñȥ
˵ţ΢߹ȥǼû⼸˹ȥ
΢ûٶ˵ת뿪ɳʹһľϵȷǴ£΢֪Լҩ԰֮⣬༫ҩ԰嶼ľϵȻշѹûԼûҩ԰
£΢ûиоŭϸ룬֪Էô̫ˣȻĻҪԸԼôܸԼ¶Ļ᣿
ԣ΢Ƿſ̬ҩ԰׫޽֮Ȼ΢Ҳôˣշ㲻ѹסԼԼ˹ע˶֪ԼǺãүͰһշѹѹס顣
Խ֪΢ԽҪɳ
˿ҩΪõԺĽĺøУҩɽҩ԰ٽҩ԰Ķ˳ĿģȻΪһޱȵľϵ
޹ҩ԰زعɳĹ֮һλˣƷҩ԰ʷʱױһ㣬һһӰСƤʼӲ֮ȴͬһĹ⣬㣬ζҲǼΪ
ҩ԰һȻʷһ˳ͷһԼҩ԰̨ҩ԰ҵ˿ҲǷһֽһֺõλˣ¹Ǳʸ˵˿˿⣬ʺȶľʱʳá
һֺɹȡһˣ̸оһ̹ޱȵ⣬ƺԸƽҵһ㣬ϲ
ҩ԰ױһߣԺĽͻȻʲôȻշˣŴˣһλѴ˷ҲҩɽݷãֻΪ£ҪƬ̣ӦѾˣɷ
շһ㶣ʣĽλǣ
ԺʥĽҲûշһæЦԭʥˣȻǻӭ֮ȥӭӡ
ҺͬĽշһ𣬷ɳҩȻҩɽ֮⣬һ׷棬ɳԺʥ
ɳĹλƵУԺղʥĵλȴǲͣǰƷɹ١⻹ȫʥ벻ɽ޹ϵܺãϾɽܶ˶ϲ壬ȻʥɽߣƽԼźʥˣǿǶţë
Լʥֻͨ˵ΪշҲҵ
ʥ˿̼ǰӭӣȴǹֵŴˣ಻ûдŵŴ˰ɣ
ңʥ˵ЦˣҩɽĶǹͣʥ룡շʮֿĽʥѣȻҲЦ˵˼䣬Ȼһҩ
ɹһʥˣҲӭ
֮󣬼Ʒҩ԰ƺҶղ˭ֲã˭ܰεͷȻɳʹľϵ͹Ǹҩ԰
ʱʥҩɨһȦȴЩ⡣
һһҩɽĹԱǰʵʣҩɽĹԱˣ
һʥʻæʥˣΪӭλˣҩɽɹٶˡ
ŶʥεԷȻô˵Ҳ׷ʡ
ʵϣʥ֮ҩɽȴ֮ǰ˵΢ҩɽ١΢ͶԵϴ΢ȥɽ磬⿪ǧѽо֣ʥӾ壬˵΢¼ǿ΢ġɽǽ΢˺ѡ
˷΢ɹŹֵǣҩ˵ҩɽĹԱˣȴΨ΢˵þʲôè塣


ڶپʮ ʥ
ʥ˿շĽλҾҩɽ羰˷ǰĴתתҩɽķ羰֮ɫȻͷλԼתתͿԡ
⡭ǺãˣΪʥ·Ȼʥô˵ˣշҲ˵ʲôǽһ£ʥ·
ȵ棬ʥֻҩй䣬󣬳ǹµȥæɣôɹã˲ãұΧ
ǹȻЩԥҲΪƷɹʥӣȻǵͷ¡
֮ʥȴ΢΢һЦʩչһλһ⣬ٷӶΪˣʥֶȻֻ࣬Ƭ̾̽鵽ʲôҩ԰ķ
˿̣΢ڼӿٶȱ׫޽֮յ΢˵Ҳһ΢֮ɼ޽֮ڣ֮Ҫɡ
ʱ򽫼޽֮Խշϱɳ΢ҪշΣ
ѹңѹס˵
΢ܱʼ֮ʱҩ԰ȴǴһֱ΢Сݡ
Сѿɻã
΢һ㶣̷бʣһ۾Ϳҩ԰֮ʥӭǰȥ
ʥǰôˣ΢ȷľȣҩɽطʥҲ˵ʥô֪Լ
˿ʥҲǹһЦƺ΢ɻ󣬳СѣҺҦʥ֪Ҳ߶˵Ҫ㣬ֻʥԺǱҲ࣬һʱ鲻ңƽ尡ûʲôˣθպýɳǲĹԱ㡣
΢Ȼ򣬼æǽʥԼҩ԰֮ڡ
ҩ԰Ȼҩݻ˵ҩҩ԰壬΢ݻ̶ҲԶԶȲϵġ˿̣΢ԼﾹȻһ͵ĵطûУʥҲûЩˣֻһͤȻʯϡ
п΢ȻҲģֱȡ޽ӺŪӶ
ʥһǺһЦ벻СﾹȻǲűҳʲô
ʥ֮ǰҩҲǼʶ㣬μӹĸİٹᣬʲôû
ο΢˹һ㶣һĿɿڴΪͻȻ֣ԼȻûЩ
ԽԽȣΪЩ˵ԣû˵ͬһֿȥǳƵȴǱȳƵͷҪܶ࣬澹ȻûгƵּӲƤƺֱӳԡ
һЩԼֵĶʥǰɲҪ˵ʵҩɽ٣ͷһ͵Ŀء΢ԼȤҩ԰ֱǱĵط֮ǰȷûʲô
ֺ«Ӧò㡣
ʥû̳Щǿ΢Сѣܿóҩɽƺ־˷ӭɳൽùԱΪһҩ԰٣Ȼûгϯǲշڹѹ㣿
΢ҲûǽһЩʥһҲĺӶ벻벻շ徹Ȼ޳ܣȨƴѹ˽̵ݣǰ˵ʱҪڰĹٰ
΢ЦЦûп
ʥ˵֮󣬲ŵСѣ֪㲻׸֮ˣ㶨Ȼƽ֮಻֪ĴͰˣȻ֪㲻Ӳܡҩǰ뷽跨ȡɳµľϵһ⣬֪СҲ
кβң΢¹ʲôľľԪ˵ʵ濴ʲôľϵܱûǿ˵Իշιȥ
£΢ȻҪɣһҪظɡ
ȳΣʥЦЦȡһö۾һȡһ
΢û˵ֻǿʥԡߣȻǽ˸һƣСѣû˵ǺÿóԣҪǣ֮ǿԺɹᲢˣҿʸĸİٹ硣ˣҴ㽫ҩ˳ʱշҪѹ㣬ҲԲǰôұԸưͿ֮Ǹù
ǰ赣ģ׼΢һţʥһЦҾ֪շ˵ΪλҲߣҿδܶù㣬λŵͯʥһһҿǺܿġٺ࣬Ҫйһζأʤ
һʥ̴΢ҩ΢˿̸ֶ֪չǾҪշ潻ˡ
£
΢һ㣬ϾԷΪ΢ֻôԼֻԭԽ
ȻҪǾѡڽհɡ


ڶپʮ ҩ԰
ʥŴҩ԰ļ޽һ·ҩ˿ҩλɹѾҩ԰Ʒһ飬ļҵĸóԣļҵ㡣ȻĽпܻὫɳʹµľϵֱӲҩ԰嵱С
ҩ԰˭ҵĸãȻһĽȴǼΪȻһԵšշһԣҩɽʱʥĽʥոҲ˳ҩ԰˵˵ļҵҪһЩ
˵꣬Ľֳշ˵ʥƷмңɽ磬ʥҲǾȥμӣĸİٹ磬ʥȥ˵˭ҵĺãǾһǺá
һȻ𾴣ܲμĸİٹ磬ǵ˭ֻ˵ѹûʸȥ
̫ˣʥ˶ƷһշҲ˳˵
ʥǺһЦλˣոʱѾλȷǲҪ˵õŴˣοûóŶ
Ȥһȴһ㶡
ҩɽõûóʲô˼շ岻ףҩ԰Ҳס
շ岻Եʥ˵ЦˣλǰҩɽܲóõĶд
ҲǳֻͣĽЦ԰꣬ҿʥ϶ǻк󻰣ˣˡ
ʥ΢΢һЦȻȡ΢ļ޽ҸոҩɽȴǴһȡһЩλ˳Ρ
˵ţַȥ
շ˶һ㶣ϸǾȻԼûм⻰ǲ˵ȥģϾҩɽɹ٣˵ԼʶЩֱԼԼ˿̣Ҳֻ΢΢Цţв²⣬Ʒ
ʽȤǰδֺʱһϸţȴŵһɼΪ˵㣬ʳָ󶯣ȻҲƤȲҧһڡ
·һһҧɢֻţ;˾һвɹٸоԼѾͣͺܾõΪȻҲʼɶƺͻƵļ
ʲô
ǿζ⣬ӵζͬҲζ
Ҳ
ˣõǹֻһһڰ
ɹʥõģһǵ䱦ʼƷһȥĿɿڴ˫۵Բ·ĳĸоСǺݺݵĵڶڣڣʣ²ʱȴ᲻óһ㣬˾ޱȡ
õɹٶͬһ飬ЩûõɹһĻϹ㣬ܵȻǿڳèһĲˡ
˵õЩɹ٣ҩɽɹҲһһ֮ɫ
˭ҵ
֪ûмĪǣҰ
пܣҩɽܴ˵һЩҩū;ɽƫƧ֮زժ
᲻ᣬҰôܱȵǻ˼ҾҰҲǴûмƷ֡
ҩ԰ٴ˿̶С˵շüͷ˼ֳ֮ʮȤԭҩ԰Ѿʽ۵ȫʥ
ԣĽһҲͷаĪշ嵱ûнҩɽõóߣԼ֮ǰô˲շҲ̫СһЩ
ô룬õɹҲһжڰշ壬Ķշ˵ĵǺʲôҩɽõóдͣƨСӰĺöȴһЩͨɫдԼֱ̫ӣ̫ɶˣȻˣ˷Ѳҩɽȥ֮ۿҪúõġдһˡ
Ȼ˶ʥҲʮʥǾͱ˵ɵˣˡ
ɹ٣Ҫľ棬ӺҪν̧㲻ӣ㿴ңҸҪӣ
̬Ϊ޽˾޴ı仯
ʥˣ㣬Ȼ˾ǰˡһɹٳϵȵ뵽֮ǰԵģֱջ𣬿ʼָɣˡ
˵ûһʹˣȷǼƷϧֻôһ㣬ҿɽĴɵϯϣҲ㼫Ʒ˻ζǺշϵ˴˿Ҳ˵ˣͱ˵ˡ
ҩɽһɹֲӣô⻰ĲֻԩΪдͣóõˡ
շ˼䣬ǰֵ֪ʥˣǴҩɽδЩ
ʥһ㻹˼ʣҩɽ٣˾ѹ΢գһССĽѵ
ʥһЦŴڿЦҩɽ٣֪ܲ
շвҲЩΣȴʥˣĳȷ֪֪
ãҾ˵ˣʥҪľЧҩɽߴҩ԰֮һҩ԰ز


ڶپʮ ԭ
ʲô
ҩɽɹһҩ԰زһӦ𾪣ǲš
ôܣ
ڼǰҩ԰滹һƬķϣô˵⺺΢Щ˶Բܡ
շҲһ㵣ЦʥЦҩ԰
˵շͻȻס죬ŷӦʥȻ֪ҩ԰˵϶ȥҩ԰
ȥʲôĪǣʥڰ΢
շͻȻǰ΢Ϊ׫дˡɽ룬˶֪׫дɽ⿪ǧоֵӰȴûôʱշ£˵΢ʥӦʶ
Щ鷳ˣҪѹ΢öԷϢʥôһŪ˶֪ˡ
շɻҩ԰ģ˵пʥԼҪ΢á
շɫЩˣɫһʥҩ԰ʥҿЦΪҩɽ٣ҩɽ֪ܲ
ҿЦŴˣ㣬ҩɽߴҩ԰壬һҩ԰٣Ϊֻλǵλҩ԰أŴأҵ֪ҩɽΪʲôʥʵ
⡭շһſڽ࣬Ȼǲ֪ܲ˵ΪҪѹ΢΢κγͷĿԣԲŹżԷ
ô˵ǿҪµģΪ٣ǺԵżѹ£˵ǲ
շôһԥɹ֪̾⡣ǶɵӣٳϵһЩƣһЩ˵ֶΣǶек棬еǲԲϾշżһȻܲףƺϵ
ֻ뵽ʥӣȥ
շ˿ֻܵûҩɽ֮ϵȷߴҩ԰ҩ԰ΪһЩˣĳԿ϶ЩԲǲҩ԰λҩ԰ٿûȱ¡
տƾŴ˴ȥô˳һҩɽķ⡣ʥЦ⽨飬շ廹治ûؾֻ㬴Ӧ
һ߳ҩȻԷųԼƵķţ̤ƶУʼҩɽò˵ҩɽǷ羰ܴصɽͣҲǲڶٲɽҲǱ鲼ɽȡ
һ̤ƶУȻǿҩūһܿڸµĽ֮£ؿͷʾɹٵ𾴡
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ŶǱȥƣЩûмǲҩ԰ġһշ˺ܲɹ̾ͷϵ
˻һۣ˼죬û˷ԣջķľշˣǶ¹ʥϣͷ֣˵ĽѾںδľϵˡ
ڣҲֻǰ
շ壬ҩ԰٣ʷ㡢ҵ˶ǼƷǲҩ԰ΪˣǷȥ΢
뷨շҲС
һ˺ƺƵ̤ƶߣҩūһƬȥͨ΢ˡ
΢ȻѾ׼ٷ̤ƶӭλɹ١
õɹٵУʥ֮⣬֪ҩ԰Ǻˣ˿̣ȴǿһŹٷ̤ƶΪؾ˸߿һۡ
΢ҩ԰΢λˡ
˵꣬˾һ㶣мɹٷӦ죬۾΢΢һУʵ΢ʣǱ׫ɽ΢
¹٣΢̹ȻϣϾֲʲô˵飬ҫȻûбҪҴš
ɹһ۾һȻƮȥЦԭִˣ
̬ȾȻʮֳϿңûһ˿һɹһһ˶¶֮ɫȻ󰵵ԭ
ȻҲж΢ϤģϾ˶ɽȻ̫оֻûʲô˲
ֻһ֪΢Ҳ൱˲ˣҩɽҩ԰٣˭֪ǣ
Ҷ΢ҲжţֻҼǵôҩɽˣĽʱ˵Щûжɽɹסˣԭ΢ȻԺĽ֪Լ֪ʵǲӦðѾŻȥԺ󣬾ɽ
΢ȻʶĽʥһ΢֪Է˭æ񣺡Ľ¹ҲһѾλƲ¹ѾΪλ׼
һĽȻ΢΢һЦȻ¶ȥշ˶¶֮ɫ
΢ʲôĪҪƭλˣҪ֪Ǵʱ˰Ͳס΢


ڶپʮ ѹסˣһ
ԺǳģǷ̨ҩ԰ҵ
ǽ΢͸ˣϴǱҩ԰̽ĳ衣ҲˣԿ϶ҩ԰ûʲôֻһЩͨݺΪˣŻἫΪƶĳԺǳ΢
ãǱʱˡ
ҩɽɹҲһɵĿ΢Ȼ΢ҩ԰иղ
ʱշҲ˵ˣȻ˵Ļȴ˺·
΢Ҳҩɽɹ٣ܻȡ裿ӱŪһЩϡеðҩ԰زҲҪˡշ˿̶΢ǼΪڵ˵棬Ҳֻֻôô΢
װµӣʱ΢Ȼʾ˶ϹٸеأЦŴˣǲţ¹ǰȥ鿴
շ۾һУ΢һȻȥûʲô⣬ҪԼŸɰ
Ǻôĵӡ
дŭշûж˵ֱӴ£ҩ԰˼˵һϹ٣Ȼ
֪΢ˣȻҲ˵΢ƢʥԺ΢͸ҶײƷɹͯʥǵھܾɽʥ󡣴˿ҩɽʹӽ춼ûн΢ȥμᣬ֪ƽ϶ҲǴ΢΢Ƣôʵʵѹե
кϷˡ
Ҫ֪ʥԺλͯʥ֮󣬾Ϊ΢űʥһֽ۸ȥǶ˹λʥ֮λҲȥ˵Ѿ군
û֪΢ûУ֪֮µˣ΢һ˿ɵ
˿֪΢ҩɽ־ܻܿҩɽշѹƺż²һ֣кϷˡ
һ˽ҩ԰һۣľǰ˿ҩǿ㣬ݳƺܺãҩ֮⣬֮ϣݼ٣Ҵƾɣͽ̻Ի͵ҩֱ֮
һĻòƫ΢
Ϊûд΢ֻһƬҶڵĴŪʮʯ˿Ѿ˸ּ޽
λˣ룡
΢΢΢һЦڶɹǰҲû˿ӳһֲİƫƫֱӦе𾴣⵱еƽ㲻󣬵ֻҪҩɽɹһȣǲֳ̾ˡ
ʣһ㣬΢ռ˾ԵƣϾ΢һ˶ʮ˹٣Ϊˣƺ͸оȻǲͬ죬ҩ԰ֿİͽ᲻ͬ˲ɵøС
ʯϰŵģü޽֮һľԪ࣬һΪɢ˵ȲҩҲûǰʢţ˸оһر¡
ЩʥĽȻһ˷ܣҲɵÿһЩǱշҵϲˣȴһ𾪡
ǴطŪҲŪĪͬ΢˵ⶼҩ԰ģûľϵûľϵһķѾã΢ô쵽ġ
ҪǣҩɽûЩƷֵûӣô֣
֮࣬͸ŵɻͲ⡣
շ廹򶨣ҵѾǰͲס߼ǰһöϸ
˹Ƶ˼ʲôëûκ⣬ҿ̺Ǹոժûá
ԲǴģΪκժʱ䳤ˣٻʧûУ˵ǸոժµģǾûĿˡ
λҩɽҩɽȻҪõĶͣǲλá΢Ϊ󷽣Ϊ֪ͶкܴرģŪˣԺշѹԼ
ʵϲ΢˵ѾɹٰͲסʼһԾͣˡһλԳַȺ͹İƷɹٸտʼǺзȵԣѾȥüһҲǼӿٶȣ棬ǳԵĳ죬ţﻹţ±˶ԣԼ˿
ʧ̬ΪǷ֣ΪΣ֮󣬾ȻΪм洦Ϊ˵ǵһλģ˭磬ȻǳԽԽá
ƽǿǳԲֵȼɳУֻһЩٺʹɻᶨھٰ磬⼸ΨһܳԵĻᣬҸ߼磬ǻûʸμӣòεĻᣬȻܷŹ
νֶ̣΢Ȼ֪Ӧô
ǱշɫѾǼΪѿмңȻóЩǸողժģѾףԼǱ΢ˣˡ
һһʾ˭뵽ԷȻôһ֡
ֻôģ
Ҫɲ׵飬˵ּδδŵִҩɽô꣬ûмû˵΢ôŪӣǿʲôģ
ѵľϵ
ȻܣԳ֣ҲľϵӡвٶƷϣǶһЩɽɵˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬շ巴Ӧ΢ַȥԼܽ΢ѹס


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΢ЩҲ֤ҩ԰ģ˵ƫԶ֮ŪƷ֣ôֻǻȡ裬ַѹҩ԰ˡ̨ҩ԰ҵ˿˵˿Ҳֻܾסһ˵ˣΪǴЩϣѾκεë˵ķ̨ҩ԰ҩɽκһҩ԰ûС
ѹǣ΢ЦԼԴҩɽһʼͱһżˣֻ׸
΢ѾҵϴһﱻԼŪ澡ʧȻ˵
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΢ţҵҲٶ˵ʲôȻǲţѾҡ
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ǣȥɣҲ뿴ֲġĽ̬ȣǸԸ񣬴˷Ѿ΢ҩɽ۸żټϡɽԵʣѾƫ΢
շΪ٣ȴˣż˵Ʒǰ
΢Ϊ֮ǰֺ«ȡһľԪ⼸΢޽ľԪļԭҺѾһգ˿̳ͨɽȪˮ
֮ǰ΢õߵͨ򿪣һһ·߹ȥľ΢һֱһҩ
ΧһȦդ߽ȥ˲䣬һŨޱȵȫǳƷĸݡ֥ҩģǼ޽Ӻǹš
ϣշٲҲûˣʵǰ΢ȻƤӵ£Ūôһҩҩĺǰδŵġ
ֵģôģշĿ࣬Ϊ֮ǰ˴̽飬Ȼһ㶼ûв
ôܣ
΢ؾɵʿôԼƤ棬Լѹƺżֵ֮ز
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ˣҺ֮У΢ĶŶԷʵ
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һ˵շҲЦһ˵ĺã¿΢νͣ£Ǽһ⣬ƺ⵹һң΢ʹ
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䣬շޱȣҵͷ˾ȻҲ֪η
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˵һݣȻԼԼӡ
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΢ʹڣվɳһߣѵԼ˶ͷ
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ǲŭͷԷҪͷԼֱǱˡ
ӲϣҲ˵΢һ̵ֶΡ
ٳɳٳΪֻһ棬ƵһҲԳƤ죬ɳӣһ
΢ŪôһҲΪ˳Ҫˣշ壬ҩɽɳҩɽԼ潻ġ޽ֻ֮ϳɳ
ıƣҪ͵͵£
붼룬ڿڶ֤ߣ㲻ȥǾʵˡҩɽշ塱⴫ˣ
ͷһΣ΢շ潻棬һν棬΢ʤ
Ȼ֮շԻ뷨ӱԼ΢벻һ㣬Ϊһ΢ٷְٿȷһ㣬Ǿǡ޽֮ٷְٻ޴𶯣Ϊġ컯ʱɳµ۾עҩɽעҩ԰֮£շܽԼΣ
΢Ȼ̣ѡͶԷŸɣȻһк֡
Ǹ΢κ£ı󶯡
ʵϣ΢ֶλУǾǵҩɽɹ٣΢Ҫʮּ򵥣Ǿÿһ޽
ŵ൱£ЩɳԱȥǿ϶ὫЩ͸ԵϹ٣ʱȻܴƣϡ޽֮ܽЧŴ󵽼¡
գշõλɹһͬȥó鼫ɫҵϲˣҲٺ΢а壬һʧǵ壬Ϊ֮ǰɳԺĽѾɳʹһľϵҩ԰֮ڡ


٩ ЧӦ
һɳʹľϵȻ䵽ҩ԰ϢһȥǺ䶯ҩɽ
Ȼûһʼ뵽
շԼû뵽һ죬ʮλɳɹ٣صҩѾǴɱ
֮ڣֻ̹ٶˣȻûбҪѹŭͼշ˦һֱӽҩһ޴ʯ˸顣
Ϣŭ֮£ҿ΢ﻮѾõıҴҲһĹԱĹϵΪ㷺¹˵ʥԼʥԺҦʥǺѣɳ˾˾ͽʶƸǷǳ󣬴ޣһҹʮǡ̹Ȼǽ΢˸͸˿Ҳ渵
򣿡շüͷһ壬ͻȻ뵽ʲôҼǵǰлɵĹ£Ǳ֮أĪǡ
룬շ̵ȥʷ
Ƭ̣ʷ͸ҩȻ֪շʲô
ˣңʷ㹪շֱѯʣ㣬лǰǸ½ʲô
ʷȻԣǼæشˣ죬Ѿ˺ܾá
շʵȷǽ컹򣿡
⣬¹֮ǰȥʱǽ컹ӦҲڡʷΪȷ˵
ȥ飬ǽ컹ھˣڣ̸ңȥշ˵˿Щջǽĵطǽ֮أ˾ΪҲһʱ䡣
ʷ㼱æȥš
ȵʷߺշв͸һ˿ɵ֮ɫֻ˼֪˿Щʲô
˵ڶգշͽ΢ġ޽֮ˣ֮ɫѿִҩɽ꣬շȻ֪⡶޽֮ļֵ˵һ֤ʵ϶Ȼ󲨡
΢ֶΣշĽ޽֮ţϱɳ뷨̾ͱԺ
Ȳ˵Լȥûã˵Щɹٵļ֤£ԼҲܰŲϱ΢˽թԼİŲԷҲ϶а취޽֮ȥ
ʱԼ߾ͱˡ
Լ߲ҪϱңҪ˵ǰ棬Ȼë
вʵշֻŭ𣬽һ޽֮ϱɳ
ͬʱɽ
һλɳƷɹٵĸۡһһЩϣλƷɹΪλߣμӸ磬˵۹⼫ߡڳû⣬ȥֻ˽Щһԡȵ깫ҪȥЩʱ򣬲ŷ⼸δ
Ź֣Ǳ޹ǻʲôãһöϸ˿Ȼҧһڡ
λƷɹ۾һǼڽһöԸ⡣
ʵƷߣȴζأŨھƷ˵꣬ǽߵ̹٣ѯЩ˭ġ
ͬ飬ɳ
ɳԺһ޽һ޴ޱȵľϵĹɽ磬ҲǽеĽأڡ硯Ժ֮ϣ߲ԴԴϵע뵽ԺУɽ֮ȴṩԺɹоͲֵ
ĽߵһΪӵ֮ǰȻһʦӴ˷ȥҩɽһЩʦʡ
óĽ˿̵̬ǼΪһ֪˲򵥡
ĽݰɣﴫһĽæȥͼһλļΪߴϵϵţͷѾǺվŵĽһˡϵΧ޵ӰεֻΪﵽһŻֵ
Ƭ̣ϵ۾˵
ǣĽ˵꣬ʵʵվһԣʱϵŻ۾
󣬾ȻָΪʣдһζε֣Щͬӡڿһ㣬⡣
дİ֣Щ־Ȼһ㣬Ӷ𣬻һ嵽ԱߵһŰֽϣɲ֮䣬͸ֳһƪ
ֶΣʶǺţһ˶ʩչ
ʲôҳϵЩȻ泩Ľ˵߼æ͹ȥϵǿһۣȻüͷһȻȤȤ컯֮ȴк֮⡣
˵ֱ꣬һڳһӡ
ϵʹҲһȥĿڲܳĹӣһһˡ
ȻĸλϵɹһЩѾ൱ˣĽݣˣֻǣЩȲɽɹҪ˵ѣϵһ䣬ĽȻܳһϵѯʣæʦʵǳ΢֮֡


٩ ع
ȻĽ˼ƺϵ֪΢֡
ԭϵ˿ָһ㣬һ˲䣬ɫ䣬ǳζĽǴһδ֪ĵȥδ֮
Ƭ̣ϵ͵ԭ΢ȥҩɽˣֻȴΪһЩСˣһ˲ŰɽдĲҩɽҲ˴ʡ
ǣʦ˵ˣѧ˲ʦ취ĽԵɣԭλϵ΢ˡ˵꣬Ľ̴ӻȡһ飬ϣ΢׫ġ޽֮˵Щ޽֮ġ
ϵӹһȻ͵һ΢Ȼ뵽ַֻΪд˼ǻһЩ
룬ϵֵˣĽȥɣʲô鷳ʵһ£ôԼ⣬Ҳûȥɡ
ϵ˵꣬ˣƫƫĽһ㶼ʵʵ¡
ϵ֮Ľ룬ҲûԺĸڵĹȥ
ĸ͵Ժͬɽ磬ò˶೤ʱ䡣ɽ繦磬ʥԺ֮ڣʥҦʥԹӡ
ôʥһ䡣
ˣҦʥЦ£ֵ޽֮ԭ壬Ū΢һģѾʥ֮ƣȻֻ
ԼȥҪ͵ˡʥ˵꣬룬ֱӰѾҦʥĸȡһ˳˷ˣһһ롣
һ죬΢ȥȻݵʵϣȴǱκ˶šһΣƸۣҩɽϵ¶ˣȻǲ˼ҲԼӹԣõʱ͵õΨһ鷳ĳЩ˹ǽ
΢ԼΪΪǸʲô£ֱӲСڣҪԱǷֻǽơ
ֻҪ޽ͼ޽֮΢Ԥϵǰ𶯺Ӱô΢ϾӸĹעһշ˶Լ޼ƿʩ
ʵϣ΢ڵȣշҲڵȡ
˹ע΢ôҪúʰ΢һҩɽɹҲڵȣ˵⼸ҩɽʮֹ졣
ڵڰ죬Ϣ˻Ϣʱ򣬸˷Ӧһ
΢ǳĳһȻһƨϣģҲǾʹأм
֮շ˶ĿɿڴȻ󲽵˵һ£Ǿϵıӣݺݵڵϡ
ɳϢкüǹ΢ҩɽҩ԰ġ
ǲ⣬кܶɽܶ΢һ޽֮ʮֲΪ컯֮ϾѾڡˣԹˣˣҲķ룬ˡʿˣ̤
΢һ޽֮ȴǽԭеĹˡ
ȻһЩ˵֪ƣ϶߳ŭǹ΢ԲŻַͲ΢
˲ͬ
Ҳ΢Ŀǰọ̃ҲġǱǴϢҩɽҩ԰ѾΪɳĸٹеع
ǿĸİٹ磬ǰҩɽ£ûһѡѡģֻɽɹʸ
ҲͷһΣҩɽĪ
ƫƫ΢֮⣬ҩɽûһɹ˶о˷ܣΪ֮ǰĴˡ
Сĸһɽţ˭ٶ΢ٶʱڣû˸Ҷ΢һ˶ĸǿ顣
ҩշɫ˵ɱڴ֮ڣþòɢ
Ƭ֮ƺͨʲôȴһӻָ
ٵһʱ䣬Ҫҩɽġ
ҩ԰˿̴ϵ¶ϲҩɽĸΪƷҫ
΢Ҳǽᣬڶҩūʹһ飬ֱųΪµҩ԰¡
޽Ѿȫ沥ˣ֮ǰ°˿ҩݣҲµľϵ֮³һֱӾ΢ջǧһƷݡ
ˡƷ΢֪ԼʱȫˣⲢ΢Ŀģ΢ĿɨһвϰշתԣٶԸԼ΢ȻҪ˰⵹
ǹٳɹٹٳֻܽˣǵһ
ҩ԰ҺҲߵĽ統У΢ľһľԪ
Ҫ߼ļ޽ݺľԪǲɻȱģֻľ΢˵̫Ҫ˵΢ߵһΪϣľ˾Եáڲ֪ľԪʲô֮ǰ΢㣬һһҺһǸľ𻵣΢ɾͿˡ


٩ ˭
ȵҺͣ΢żһľȷûʲô˳쳣Žľڡ
΢룬˽졣
컯ҩūҩ԰ֻ΢Ͷų֪ü΢ļ޽ͼ޽֮ǳԽ졣
΢ڻδ壬ҽߣҲԱʱ֮衣
ܿ죬΢Ŵ㽫һ֮ǰѾ֪߽졣
֮ǰ΢ŵǼҩ԰Ұ֣ҩ԰Ķ뿪ҩɽˡ
һ£ҩɽɹٺ͹ǲ뿪ģȻ뿪Ϳ϶£ٵõҩ԰ʷ
ô³ȥʲô
΢ãпȥΪʲôô˵ȴΪֻҪ΢һ̽Լͻ֪Լ顣
Ͼ£ǾɳԼ֮뿪ҩɽҲǰ¼ֻ͡Ҫ΢ЩӵˣֻҪ֪ҲôܻܿὫϵһ
ȻԼֻ֮ǰ޴ڸУû˻뵽Щڣ֪۾ڶԼ³Ҫ˲
ȻˣǾҪ㡣
һ˵΢˼˷ģһСģ
΢ͷʵϲǽҪСһЩԼߺγǣ˵һշʱԼû취ǹ׶㰵ѷǰշûԼ£ڣֻҪһᣬԷ϶ҧ
ԭ򣬻ʵã΢ѾˣҪһͻƵش󾳣ʱ򣬽龳硣
Ȼص龳绹ܶԿ˾磬Ϊ޺

֮ҹҩɽ֮⣬һĵ֮ϣһվڽʯϿѭϢĺĴŽʯƺá
˴һ¶񣬽˶У峤ࡣ
ֵã˲ŷһɻˣħӲʧԣȻѾԼΪֲĪǣǷʲôʣ
룬Ǿٵһ
һֱʮ֣ˣ˲ŴҪ뿪ʱͻȻӦŤͷȥȴǿվһˣȻ½ǧ
ħһ㶣æǰ̬ȼΪ
½ǧʵϱǻƽԪ˿΢ЦȴǶŶ˲˵ֱĶԷЩʱ򣬲ŵ£ҵţ
һ㶣æҡͷ
ǳ˲ӣŸ㣬ȡμ棬ŵûлȥƽԪ˵ƺûе¡ǶȴǴһæħ⣬µȷûмˣûյħż
ûƭңƽԪʵ
˼æаԡ
㣬㣬ʲôر鷢ƽԪһ䣬һĥͷӦæħ˼˵ŵҩɽʧٵģ
ԣֻҩɽǹɴԸҵ̽飬֮ҵڽҩɽ֮󣬲ʧٵġ㣬ҩɽϣ˭ӦԷ󾳣ҿϢʧ٣ƽԪƽȴǻ̿ޱȡ
ħڻ
Ϊܼ򵥣֪ҩɽ֮ڣܽһ󾳵ħɱ֮ˣûУһ˿ԡ
£ħҲ
ħµȷ֪¶Ȼˮʯ˴ֻ˵
Ǿȥ飡ƽԪһ˿ɵƺ˵Ļͻɱһ
⣬㣬ҩɽǲһΰɹ٣ƽԪһ£ǻ˸⡣
ȻоȣǼæһ΢ģĿǰҩ԰٣ħʶˣ
ƽԪһЦȻϵãϴͨڤɽǴ˻ҵĴ£ħˣ㶫أ
Щţ벻Ǹ΢ôħġ
ħǻ˵ʧйأˣһȥ֮󣬾뷨ӽһĨӵĶ
޴΢ô˵ǾƷɹ٣Ǻҩɽǻɳĸ֣ʱǵļƻʵУƽԪѵһ˼æǡ
΢Ȼȴܲɫɱҵʹ£ӦúûϵƽԪ˵ʵϣҲһ뷨΢ȻΪȷһλ󾳸ֵĶ֣˵ɱˡ
΢֪ԷΪΪų֪θ롣
ţǵļƻǴ£ʵʩ֮ǰҪݾߣ³֮Ҫ΢ˣȥɡƽԪ˵꣬ӿһ⣬һ̣Ӱ仯Ѿʧ١
ҲǼæӶ𣬸֮ǰ͵͵صҩɽ


٩ Ůɹ
΢ٶȱԼĻҪ죬Ϊ߻нλʦ˵΢ڸǲȱõĵҩ
ڣʮһҹ΢ͻƵش󾳡
΢ͣڶ̶ʱ佫Ϊɵش󾳣˵ٶѾǿ쵽ˡ
ֻǺɵΪ΢ľ羹ȻҪһЩΪ΢⼸һ·ĥ˹Դ뿪֮΢ûϾӦѾӵؾĨһҲʲô
΢Ѿ浤һأԪ浤ľ磬ƽɽ䱮лȡ񹦣˵ľˡ
Ψһ鷳΢ڵĻδ壬ب֮ǰȫһת΢ҲԻ⡣ҲֻýƵĵҩѹƣҪҪôǳɾ֮Ҫô浤ڶغ浤ľ磬ܽһɻ⡣
գ΢Ϲٷһ޽ӳҩ
Ȼȥշ壬ȴΪգɳĸһλŮɹǰȡӡ
ҩɽҩ԰ΪĸٹĹƷ֮ȻÿһӣĸǱ߶ȡ
ɳĸɳķˣλε磬ĸµһλͨŮɹ٣ҩɽҲԲҵǽӴ񣬱ϴνӴڶɹٶҪ
շӭӣҩɽɹҲһ䣬롣
˿ҩڣλŮɹٰȻɫ£Ȼòɣڳ֮˶ӣֻ͵͵
շһЦŮɹƺ²ߣֻüĻ
ҩ԰һҩ԰΢ŮԵƬ̡շЦ˵ʵϣǹһЩ֪ͨ΢Ҫ΢Ůɹ²õӡ
ĸŮɹ٣ǶǿԺĸ˵ϻģ΢»ӡŭλŮɹ٣ֻҪȥĸһ˵˵ĸŭ֮£ȡĹƷ֮ή
ֵƬ̣ŮɹЩͷˣʱ΢ˡ
ҵ˶΢Ǽʵĺܣҩɽ꣬ʲôʱܵõĸƷҫټ֮ǰĳԹǺ޲΢ù˿̼΢ˣҵǵһִˣҲ̫ˣĪΪ˹Ʒ֮Դ󣬹ˣ
΢ҵһۣ˶Ȼû飬ֶҲ̫ˡ
Ȼ΢ܽͣҲָշûеһʱ֪ͨҲ²õӡ
΢¶֮̿ɫæǰŴˣ΢֪ֻΪոһ¹Ҫ죬ֱõƷϣŵһʱ䡣ϾҪ׸ĸ˵ĹƷ΢֪¹شԲƷ֣ϸѡŴ𷣡
ҵ˱΢ⷬ˵ĿɿڴշҲǺݺȭͷ΢ǲŵ˼һֱǵʮٵ˸˵
ղⷬ˵ǵˮ©Ȼ˵һԭΪҪϸѡΪƷֵŵġ
𷣣˵΢þϸѡĸˣ
һʱ䣬շ˵Ҳǣ˵ҲǣֻǺݺݵ΢һۡŤͷһŮɹٽüͷҲ滺ˣȻû΢
ٳ֮ϣСȱȽǣ΢Ӧ׵ûöԷóѣаθԼ
΢ֶȻֹˡ
ŮɴˣŴˣƷ˾Ѿ׼ˣϧǣ¹һµûг죬פյζҳ֮פ֮ЧٵȰ죬ӦþͿԳˡ΢ʱ˵ȻŮɹһ۾һշ˵ȵִˣﾹȻȻˣٵȰΣˣȻаʱ䣬ȥ￴פյʲôӡ
ŮģеʱǺ룬еʱҲĥ٣֮˽֮ŮˣŮɡ
ɽŮɣĸòٻףȻЩŮɶԼòҲ൱⡣΢פյǴǵԸⵢʱ䡣
λŮҪȥҩ԰ȴ΢Ԥ֮⣬׳פյҲֻΪ˲öԷĺøУԼҩ԰ĹעȣȻǵ͹פյŮ˵
շѾֿʼˣȥŮɹƺ뵽ʲôعͷŴˣղ˵㹫æǾͲˣȥҩ԰Ŵ㣬ϾҪ


٩ ġ
շˤӵĳ嶯ոյȷ˵ֻĿΪŮɹٵĹŴ΢ٵЧ˭룬΢֮赭дͱ΢Ūסˡ
Ȼ˼Ҷô˵ˣΣֻҧ΢ˣ΢úŮɴˡ
շ嶼ȥɹٸ˵ˣе˵ĻᶼûУ˼ĸµŮѹûһۡ
΢ȴǿԵŮɹ٣ʧͶԱȣɹֱţƫƫ΢һ취ûУֻ΢Ůɹ뿪
ΪĸŮ٣λŮɹΪʵߣշ嶼
˿̣µķţͱ΢òĴ˲֪٣ͬһƬƲһ㡣
ִˣһɣŮɹٿΪפյԭ򣬶΢ǿ΢ȻǹһƬţڸ֪ҩ԰֮Ůɹֻ˸˵һߡ
ɲ֮䣬Ǿ͵Ͽա
ٶȣֱ΢Լ̫ࡣ
ҩ԰ҩݻȴǸӴӣŮɹ֮󣬱ִˣҩɽ֮ϣҾͿ˳һЩߣЩĪΪɵӣȻֶΡ
΢һˣԭλŮɹٱѩ翴շǹ֪ͨԼԴԼ֡
ô˵֮ǰô˵ʵǹˡ
ȻǲСκһˡ΢ȴǵŮٴ壬΢м
㵹ҲŮɹ˵꣬ʼ´ҲˣҲֻǱȷ˸׿ԼڣλŮɹپû֮ǰҩǰ޺͸߸ϣƺҪɡ
룡Ȼˣ΢ҲҷɣλŮɹ뵽棬ȲҪȥפյ
Σ΢ֻܽҩ
פյüҩļ޽ӶɣľԪ࣬δĹʵѾǷ·ˮһ㣬·ҫ۹â
Ůɹһ۾ϲˣͷԲȡ˺øˣʫƣפյ񣬹ȻұȰʱ䣬ⵤ졣
һλŮɣֲô
΢ЦһԣȴԷϹϵҪ֪λĸµŮɹ٣ȻֻԵľƷԼһ˭Сƣ
˼ұվŵģɽһ񣬱˵շƷɹ٣ЩƷƷɹټҲÿͿ
ܺ˽飬Ƕ΢;̫洦ˡΪˣ΢Żפյ
ģ΢λŮɹ˵΢ĲɺͼʶʱѾ֪λŮɹٵ֡
Ůɽʮǰɣ֮㱻ĸУΪŮɹ֮һҪ˵Ѿ٣ȥȴǺͨŮûʲô
֮꣬Ű꣬Ȼȥʮᡣ
̸֮΢֪ҲġɽΪˣŻԼôҩԼһѡ
΢ʱɽǬеװԼǬ֮ʱͻȻɫҰף˵һˣĸҴĸһֲˣˣˣ
Ǭ˸飬ǽ¶˸飬ı飬Ȼûҵһ֡
΢֪ʲôҲ˵ʲôֻһȰο
Ůɴ˿ҲǼˣ㶮ʲôĸ͸ĸһ֣ʥԺʥдģĸϲ˼֪ŪˣȻ
˵˵ţȻŵĿˡ
ˣҲоµ飬ʣĸĲ£ȷǴ΢Ҳż
ȻԼ֪ʲôʱŪһ֣ҪһϣҲǼãġ
ǺãȥʥдһҲУʱ϶ĸô죿ô죿˿һʼŮɹٵ޸߰
Ȼʱפյ̳죬Ҳúùȥޱȣ૵ϴĸҵĳ谮᲻ڴ
УУ¹λĸ棬ôܻҡ
΢óЩ
ʱͻȻ΢ʵʥԺʥ֣룬һġʮӦÿ
ˣ΢¶ϲ֮ɫ԰һλġ֣ġʥ֣Լ档
ֻǺܿ죬뵽ʲôһʧǲУ統У˭ġʥֵԼĵزʱһ˿覴ãͻᱻ˿ҵ󡣡
΢һԵŵùңǾġɣ
㣿ġǿʥ֣ôġóһӦǲš
Ҳûİ취͵ҽɣҲô֪У΢ȴʮš


٩ ҽ
ġʥ壬΢˵µڶû˸˵µһͨڤɽŹأ΢ġʥ֣Ȼ
һ΢Լڶ֪ǣڽдһ֪Ծ֪ͱ˻ڵʥд֮ʣҲ鷨ңƭȥ֪΢ġж
Ȼ΢塮塯ҲԳһɣȴòϡ
΢ţֻǵͷ԰ɣʵڲУֻĸˡ
΢Цδأ
˵ȡֽʣһ΢õֽ͵УֽУʥдɽһƷֽϵģһЩȥá
˵꣬һǬȡһֽ΢һǰ֣ʵֽ̫ˣʺ鷨֮áκһ鷨Ҽֽ߲·ռΪС
΢ȡһ̺ãȻպīʵʲô֣
æȻ΢дʥһ֣ܲס棬Ҫ΢дʲô
΢꣬Լһ飬ԥд
ʥˮ΢дҲһǳɣȵ΢ʷ£ŤͷһſѾɵ
Ҫ֪ҲһŮĽɳλʥϲʥ壬ƽҲġȻǱȲʥ֡
ڣ΢ˮһдȻǺӡж˵һһģһ
ʤһ
ôܣ
ԼۻǴī֭ϸ鿴ԽԽ٣ԽԽһֻ㱣ͷ·һ־ԼǬﶪƪһߣͬһ
ۿ΢ֳдôΪ
ðûпֻ۾ֱĶһֳ΢һ̽ԵʵˣΣӦԼ˰ɡ
ʱŷӦϾΪ˿̶˶񣬲ŵֹ΢ҹĿ࿴ˣڶɣǲʥٰġ
΢һЦҵ룬ʥԺǱҩɽ̹ˡ
㻹ˣҲôһ˵΢һۣȻ䱦һ㣬һֿ˼飬֣м䣬һЩϸ΢֮ģµΩΩФÿһ֣Ȼʥ⡣
̫˼ˡ
˵΢ʥԺܾɽʥԺʥ󣬻ŭͯʥʱҾ㲻֪ߵغڿ汾µˣֲһ֣ʥȥֲˡ΢ȻʮָߣŪ΢ԼЩ˼æ֣ʥԼ϶Է⣬֮ˣҪ٣Բס
֮ǰţˡһպãҲȥָֻ֮ǰŮɹٵ̬ȻĿд֮⣬֮ǰ֡ǽȻͬ
΢󣿡ʵ
ٹ£պʮꡣ΢ʵش
һһ΢Ц˷Ƿһ飬ҽݺˣ곤ܶ࣬㣬ҽֵܣòá
ã
Ȼˣ
΢аԼæ죬ɲΪ˺㽻ôǱԤĻҪãȻǳ˽ܡ
һԼ۸ȥԼҽæѣ
΢ͷƤܺĺһ㣡
ֵܣҲʮֻϲĸм΢΢һ֣ȥ֮ǻᱻŮ֮λ˶䵽ɽຮ֮أǷ䵽߽磬ɽ߾
˵ȼҪ˶þͻս
ֻһϲвѧ֮ˣ΢ɽ½֪һʥԺϵ΢֣ǿʥ˵ܵܣȻû⡣
¶ʧǽˣҲǻָ֮ǰӣ˹ϵһȻ̸˵Ȥ£Ц΢һЩʣѹ֪ʱš
統УҲɽ˽һлᣬܵܶȻȥһˡ΢˵˿ҩеפյȴЦ㣬פյˡ
Ѿȥöˣ˿ָ̰˵߸΢ĻŷӦ
ܵܣѹĸķۣȻǼΪζΪǲ֪פյζΡһתǺЦ
΢һץժ¼öפյݹȥ㣬Ծ˵ԣĪǻµܵҲԺֻҪˣ
˼͸Ҳû˼ֱפյͳԣһΣһαصĿζˡ


٩ ң
óԣʮпϵ̸ۣ֮оƤ⻬࣬ԸоƺҲ˲Ҫ֪ѾΪѾ֮壬һ㣬ܸܵЧͲ˵ЩΪ򲻵Ůޣһ˳ˣ˵̥ЩţԻмЧ
˷ȥʹһЩפյȥĸϲϲҲԷָһЩѡ΢һ˵ˣЦģ֪ôҪȥˣĸֻһʱ䣬Ѿȥ룬ٲȥҪĸˡ
΢ͷ˵ʵŮɣԸܺãϣ΢ȻҲЩᣬȻǸĸ£Ȼٹ⣬ȴҪСġ
ˣûµʱһ㣬շ۸㣬ֻܸ߽㣬еǷʰ
ˣɲ֮ͶȻֻ֣ͨҲˣٶȾͲ΢ܱġ
ΪǺҪģλߣΪҲøߣ򼴱˹λҲá
΢ԼǺæģҪ˹ĶǡⲻǰŸ߸ոµûƬ̣һλˡ
λʮ⣬һ΢ΪǳҪһ
ҩ԰֪˽ǰ£ֺ«ͬһһ㣬΢ð
΢Ҳһȿֺ«΢ЩЦá
ǰ鷳´ʱøšȻô˵΢ʾ㹻𾴣ӭλֺ«ǰΪߵĴڣǺһǿȻǲܵ
СӣүŵľԪζˡֺ«ʶЦǺǵ˵΢һæסԷȥĵ·ǰҾʣһľԪǲٸǰˡ
ϴΣֺ«԰΢ħ޵Ū߰ľԪȴûˡ
ôСҲнġֺ«ʱ˵ϴƭҰ˵ʣôһľԪˣôڻôࡣ
ؿеľԪҲ˵΢ʼǲ⣺ʣʣ٣ǰûйϵɣ
ֺ«ҭһ£ҲǡǺ«ɾҩ飬ǧǰһλˣ߽ģʶֱˣֺ«һǺܽģеʱ򣬱˻Ҫعء
ϴȡľԪԭ򣬶΢ҲӦȴûУ΢Ҳûٿһ
ֺ«ûǿȡᣬǺ˽ĵȷҪľԪϴȡȥһЩѾֵҩ飬һЩͿðڵҩʵ
Ϊڤڤ֮Уֺ«оҩɽƺг¡飬йռ֮ģֺ«ȻֻǳžҲһЩδ֮¡
ΪˣŻȲռľԪ
˵ûаͣҪӱȡһƱҪȸֵͬĶŽƽŽֺ«룬ͻȻ뵽ʲôȴִӻȡһȥѾЩƾɵĵ顣
ԥһ£뵽ⱾȻûȫѧᣬѾģҲû˵ֵ鲻ɴˡ
Ȼˣŵ黻ȡһЩľԪӦû⡣
뵽ֺ«΢СӣүҲҪĶ㿴ⱾΣΪ˵΢ϴҰ㣬ССħ޵Ĵ򲻹Ҫ֪ӲΪʲô¶˳үұ֤㿴飬ѧı£ԿڶʱڣΪȥ
ʵϣ΢עֺ«ľٶ˵ʵֺܾ«΢ҲģϾ˼ҵΪ̫ˣһŭ֮²ҪǿȡᣬĪԼɣ
ʱ򣬻ǵ˼ȡߡ
ֺ«ȻƷѵʿӣѹûǿȡ顣˿ֺ̿«Ϊ˻ȡһЩľԪȻһ齻΢ҲΪ⣬иǾ塣
һǵ飬Ų۾ˡ
˵дľʲôʣ֮£Ȿϳı˵Ȿ鲻һɫ
ƾ챦⣬΢֪Ȼһö
΢мǰȿ𣿡
кβɣȥֺ«̹ѹı˿ݣгŵˣҲѹûⷽȥǡ
΢ȡһ£һ۾Ϳ֣ң
ҳ֮ڵһ֣ôдģң磬ݺ£ƥУ仯ǧǬɽӺнľˮԿΪãңڣ


٩ 
ҳ֮ڵһ־ͺܰ
΢ǿһҳϵоӿһĪţˣȻӢۺܣǹҲ϶ǹʣɣں£ңɡ
ٷһ΢ǬңƪԼңƪ󣬻а벿ƪѿա
öǺöңȻһƬܸ٣ںֹޱȣ޼֮ⶫԿ԰Լһ·˾磬˾֮ϣҲԼ
֮ǰ΢๦˵ˡؾ⣬ûκιһңᲢۡ
ǴԪңҲͬө֮£ȫһȼϡ
˵ֵ΢ãƪǻһٳľԪˡ
ǻǲ
Զ׼ɵӣ֪ôǿֺ«΢ҲҪôΪ˲Ϊ𣬿ң΢ɾٰ֮һֺ«Ϳˡ
΢֪Ϊֺ«ˣңܲ𣿶΢ָоֺ«Ҳֻһƪ
ôֺ«΢㶣ѯʵ
΢Ӧ֮ȴ˿Ȼ
ֺ«ĺ«˶ľԪǾе࣬Щ˼СӣϴҸħ޵һħʵкǿĽƣ㣬ǳ֮ܽԼʹãȡľԪ㽫ħһ£ʱʹãȻүװ㣬´ðľԪȡؾС
óֺ«ܻὲ΢ңЩⲻȥȴ̴Ӧã´λľԪȻǰȡ
˵꣬΢һɫëɵȡݸֺ«˵ʵϴŪⶫ΢ѹûùΪֺͬ«˵һħкǿĽơ΢ĿǰĹ޷
ֺ«æ΢Ȼˡ
죬ҾͰٸֺ«£Ǻһ˿̸պһ紵ֺ«ξȻǺһںһȻ󳹵ʧ١
ֶݷӦþңϵĵ΢мȻǵһֹ˵΢õĿ¡Ҳֺ«ʿֶ΢
ʣЩҩ飬ǰǰүүֺֻ«ΪߣĻǼΪģʿǰˣۡ
΢֮ǰɵĿǰǿؾȻŹֻؾô΢Ūĸ߾Ĺ龳繦Ŀ繦ںˣңһⶼӭж⡣
΢ͳ׳ңУ΢ԱһңУǡѿաֻвƪȴΪ΢Ϊ粻ǬңƪһЩңƪҪ΢һЩ
ԣ΢ȴǬңƪʼ
һ͸оʱţҲֻգ֮䣬ʱ͹ȥˡֺ«ȻǰԼѾĺ
΢ֻҪٴһ£Ϳʹá
ħʵ൱ʵãȻԴһħ仯֮ӥ
˼壬£ֻҪ÷߶ͿԱ仯һֻӥʣʵ̫ˣұ仯֮󣬻Լֲħ޿Ǳҩɽԭǽħ
ڣ˲ħ΢ˣȻѾ΢ҲóΪΪֹ΢֪ǸħҪŵĶ˭
Էҩɽ֮κһˣȻ΢ҪСĽһԷʶħʱ˴鷳ǲУԼħ޵Լйϵ
ɽ磬ĸڻɽһΪݻĹУŮɹĽһֹķϣǰ߲µĸ߾ĸ£ޱȵŮɣңĸǽɾ磬ɻǧ򣬾ǰӣҲֻһֱѣ˭Ҳ֪Ŀʲô֪λɼֵֶΡ
ͷȻѾεȷһ΢ġûһ˿ʥһģһϾĸֶͨ죬һǱǴͷ
˿̣ĸֳһֿ˿֮ͷȻ֣ܵãɡ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȴͷŵһʯͷ£имޱȣ΢ǸӲһ١
ȵ£߳ȥһͬŮɹٵŮɿһɫȻȴüͷɻ
ˣʩ͵ʥһ֣˵ûӽģٶӦñȥŮ֮λΪĸû
ȻŮɲȥĸвʣԼæ׷ȥһЦݵ㡣


һʮ ɷȮ
ã˽ͷһȴǸźĸһŮ٣ꡣ
£⺫겻죬⺫ΪܳΪĸŮɹ٣˵Ū˲ĻֶΣһͬλӵһλŮɣĪʱɽƾ֤ű⺫õλá
˶ɵӣλŮº϶֮ǰǴɽƾֻ֤ڰ·⺫Խǰɽ¾Īƾ֤űλ㻳ɣǺֽţ£Ȼһ˵ѡֻΪ²ؼԵʱû⡣
˿̣ͬ鷢ԼϣҶĳҪĶĪʧ΢һ룬ͻɵ⺫ͷϡ
ĸµŮɹкüҲԶλҲиߵͣβܿλ
ԼҪÿһ֮⣬Ǿַ˴Խλκ£ⶼǲš
ȻԵҲᣬǴҲܸĸʮ꣬ĸϲίΡ
ͬǰҲ񣬶⺫Ҳϣû֤ݣԸװʱ򣬻װ
㣬Ҹĸߣܶ鶼Ժշ˵꣬ӻȡһöʮƯ̺֮ܶһ֪һƷķпܹļˡ
㣬һ⣬ҲҼҴ֮ӵЧ㲻¡һϣ֪Ļ죬̲סһ£ܿͶЦŵȻüҴ֮ȻӦܣܺᵶᰮûŰɣһҪҪȥˡ
˵꣬Ҳẫı飬̾ߡ
ǿˣòźһŮô˵ʵҪԸ⺫꣬Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
Ҳ֪²Ҳܹż£ȰԼϵλƹһפյ
ͬһ㣬΢žģǺ꣬ȴڡ
޽֮飬ڲɹٵж˲С飬Ȼִ֧֮ŭģǼӰ΢ˢ˴ڸС⡶޽֮ڣһ̸ֽ£ʵļ޽֤Ĵ֮
ĸԹ޽֮󣬾ȻҲмӣϵפյĸܸˣɽŮɣҲǶ΢λҩ԰࿴
ȥפյܿͱĺýԼһЩŮɹϷһգʵϣиŮҪŪפյϾⶫֺóԣܱƯĸŮܾܾ
֮󣬺ܶ΢ϢҩɽշԴûб̬ҩ԰ȴǼʵķˡ
ƾʲôһոҩɽûаļһƾʲôͿһ㣿ҩɽǵһӦȻǽ΢ֱ֣дŪһЩ޽ʲô˲𡣡̨ҩ԰ҵĴݻĴ˼뵽ʲôټĹ¡
ȥúÿⱾ޽֮Ȼ΢ܸĶҵûŪʱһõ΢ķͷҵ´ʵϣ˵Ķ죬֮ǰҩ԰ʷѾǿʼ˰ա޽֮ϵļգݡ
ֻȻȻ޽֮˵ĺϸʵʩȴǲסΪ΢ڼ޽֮Ȼ޽֮ļĺȴǹûнҪʹľԪдȥ
ȻľԪδؾ޽ֲɹʾԲߡ
ʲôʧˣҩ԰ʷһķŭ⼸ʱ֪˶ٴͬĻʮַꡣ
ΪʲôΪʲô΢ܳɹǾʧܣȷǰǼ޽֮еĲʵʩ𣿡ʷʵ漸ҩūæµˣǧȷǾǰĲŪģǼ޽ӺȫˣǽҩɽɽȪˮʩչľϵҲ޼¡
ȥȥԣһҪʷŭ˵
ͬһĻֹҩ԰֮ڣҩɽҩ԰һǼ΢ĳɾͣȻԸ΢ҫҵʷ֮ıǾֻҪҲ޽ȻԺ΢һջܳ΢
ʱһʧˡ
ҵζûгɹ֮󣬾Ȼ۾һˣȻ΢ں˵˵ļ޽֮ģƭˣǼ޽֮Ϊûгɹӣһ΢ȻƭˣȥŴһ״


һʮһ 
ҵͬ뷨Ȼ֮շҩ԰ǰ״ʹ΢Ϲ٣ɳɱĴҵΪ΢оԹԣҪ΢չҪ֮Ҫ佫ļ޽֮ڡϾ΢óļ޽ʵʵģ˵޽֮Ĵڣֻ΢˽ǹȥ˹ؼ֮Űܡ
գҵʷҩһݼշ壬΢ֻշ徹Ȼһ̬ûмǣֻǽ⼸˴˻ȥ
ҩڣշ忴һ꾭һ޽ݣɫ
һӴ΢ɵȻϽ޽֮Ͳд鷳ԼңҲ룬ɳôܱƭģ޽֮类Ժ˼ˣûκ⣬ֻҪּܴ֮޽֮һ㣬΢ûڼ޽֮нƾһ㣬ܸ΢һ΢ǼҪֻϧ˲һģҵ˲õˣ򣬽併Ϊã϶һѵİ֡
շʱһͻȻ£շӦüͷһ壬ȴһԡ
ߺˣĪǲ֪˴ɳأҩɽ֮ˣ롣շǳһȴǰ߳һӰ
ӰȥͲ󣬵ȴһɫ΢ȻϳӰĳУ
Ŵˣ㲻ʶңʶһƣϴα΢İУ˭֪ʱǨ˿̾ȻΪȫָˣʵȻѾ˷󾳣֮Ҳֻһ֮ң
ֻϸ̽ͻ֣ᷢɵѾ٣޵ģֻͨһɫɣȻɵ̫ࡣ
շһƣ֪Է˭ˣȴ¶һԭϹʹĳʧ
ƣϹѾ֮ǰչأֻ֮ŴˣƺûаϹٽã֪
շ۾һУˣʵĳ֮Уңδʹ֪ʹپӼƷ
ɫһ䣬Ȼɹ٣ֻΪλɸ˽ӣԲŻôɹȴôõģλɸλȨأһҲﲻæ
ɴ˿ɼ΢һ·ΪɹǶôĲס
շ壬ôĵӣЩ飬㻹ʸ֪㣬΢ΪԽԽãɽ統Ǵһѣٶ㻹˵֮𣿡Щŭ΢Ǻ֮ǣֻ΢ѣȻٽûɶܽͷ֮ޡ
շȻһףҪ˵ĻǸշǿ˲֪ٱ˿շЦЦϹٸһʱ䣬ʱδʹʦЩ˰ɣңҲٹ¡ĳæͲʹˣذɡ
һ仰Ͱҭ˵ʵϣ˵΢Ľһŭ֮¾շ壬ûзκ˵˵˽ж
ΪɸƣҩɽҫշԸ΢û룬ԼȻǱԷСˡ
խշҲǺˣҲҷΪɸƣûκ̡
ݣȲշ壬˼ҩɽ٣Ʒɹ٣ΪҲȲϣշ˾磬Ƿ
ôȥҲʵڲġ
ɸɽǱѾǷʿֻһͿ̤˾磬ʱҪ΢𣬿˵׾٣ƽٳ̸ףٻʮҲģ΢ˮ𣬶޳أٵȵʱǻ֪ҪʲôУҲܵˣھҪ΢շ壬ȻҲӣҲҪڡɫݺݵĿһշ壬ȴתȥ
ȻҪɽ磬޳ɷ֮󣬾ʮɱ΢֮ǰĸ𷽷ʹգֻ΢ֻɱ΢ܻеԹ
շ壬ѡ񳹵ӣɸɽշ֪Լɱ΢
ĪǣҶԼ֣ץԼ
ԲңԷţ϶Լӡ֪ɸŲշİѱΪշԲԼ
ʱշֻܸû취
ߣξҪշӣΣ
ҩһ󣬽Լٻɽ磬͵͵ǱҩɽõȻɸơ֮£ҩɽĴֱҩ԰ȥȡ΢


һʮ Ѫħ
ɱɳɹһȻ֪ѡ֣һĳѾ޷ѹƵĵزҲȫ׼
аɱ΢аɱ΢֮󣬿ȫˣҲֻ֪Ϊ
ԭܼ򵥣һħ
ħɸı⵱ȡģ߶֮γɷմ󣬷һƬ򣬱ҲԽ롣
ʱ㹻ʱɱ΢º󣬾ɳ̽飬Ҳ϶ħ뵽ħϣʱԼֻҪʱ뿪˳
£Ѿƻ˺ܾãڵʵʩʱºҩɽ̯ӣߣͽշˣһλɹٱɱҲһʧǸŵһѵ
˿̣ҩ԰»ֻ֪˵ڵҩ԰һС粨
ҵʷշ״޹ȴвʣʱһϵҩɽҪ΢޽֮İظǡ
ҲûƤûˣ޽֮ҲУȴҪ޽֮ؾ΢ȻǲԸˣ˭֪ҵ˾ȻƤĶſڡ
΢Ǽ޽֮в֮дĵطǰֽ̣ΪαŲҵĿ󾳽Ϊſ˵嶼
û΢㲻ǣҲͼ޽֮еĴ֮ǲ飿֤޽֮Ǻļٻѻʷ˿Ҳ˵ȻǴⷨӽ΢Ƴ
΢Σ˵޽֮û⣬Ϊβҵڸʾһ飿ܼ޽ӳɹҲǶķڷΣ
ûлӦ΢ķŽգȻѹЩˡ
ĲУӲġ
ҵ˶һۣͿˣ΢ҿһƭӣ֤˼޽֮ȴԴƭˣ䵱ɹ١
΢治ǲ飿ǽҴĻԣ㣬ǲ˵ףһɳ״
Զҩū֣⼸¹ڳɹȻţҲסɹ֮飬ܲκϡ
ҵμ΢ǱŲ
ȴΪ΢ʱնڲң澭еĹ͵˵ң澭һ΢˿̣΢һ鼶˽ҪͷȻǲĽ
ҵǲĴģڻ᲻Щˣ΢Ҫ𣿷ͳһǳŸҺΡ
΢ľдͽƳĵҩ˵ǽչ죬Ȼش󾳣ûͻƵ龳磬ͻƵҲԶˡЩˣĿ΢֪ܲ϶ԼŪ޽Ҫ̽΢Ѿ⣬շ΢һǱŲ
ڴ˿̣΢ͻУ͵̧ͷͷ
ͬʱҩ԰ϿգѾǷ١˿̴ڵκ׵ķ˿ݣȡһȻһŲ䶯Ѫ⣬ɢ˿˿ɫħ
ͿѪЧˣҷ⣡͵׳һѪ⣬Ȼĵ伤һ̣һѪ⾹ȻڿͻȻѣԼٶΧֻƬ̣ҩ԰Χǧ׷Χ֮ڣвľή޷Ҳһɸʬҩ԰֮Ҳܵ΢õ󷨣ҼҩūҲһЩһѪⲢû߶ֻǼˣ֮䣬һѪѾǻһҩ԰ڡ
ԶԿһ޴ޱȵѪ䶯ΧѪŲϱ󶥶˾ȻðһʮɴСѪãϳֱۣдСľС˱ۣȫָ絶ޱȡ
վԶһͿԿ·һ޴ޱȵѪħӴڡ
ҲǹһЦһһѪ⵱С
ҩ԰
ͻ˶һ㶣ΪѪյٶ̫죬ûκǰ뿪ȵӦʱѾ·ӡ
ô£ҵ̧ͷŶޱȣ䶯Ҳɫһ䣬ǲû̫ţϾɹݣһɵΪ
Ī΢ˣֶΣʷ˿Ҳ˵꣬һָһķնҪնһȱڣĵȻǶЧ
ħӿħ޵ֶΡһλҩ԰ټʶһ۾ͿѪɵֶΡ
˿̣Ѿ룬ֱУҩ԰


һʮ ʩԮ
μȻѡôǾûһڳȥˣȫҪ
ԣ˭̾ͻᶯ֡
ɲɣ˿ʷҲڿУ˴˿಻ףҲܶԷ˭ֱɱ˹
󵨿ͽȻôҩɽʷɹ٣ΪҲĿСȻǵʮ㣬һˣ͵ôҩɽˣӭȥ
˭һ棬λʷ˾ͱʩչһӡȥݺײڵϣѪ˲
Եɵɸİ½ɽΪгԹһɽһؾΪȻڶ̶ʱھ˷󾳡
˵ٶȣ᲻ȣǷǸٲȣԸͼʿҲռ˾Եơ
ʷ㣬˵ɹ٣ɵΪȴѾͣͲǰʮ꣬ټҩɽˮ̵ĺ㣬ʩչ̫ࡣ
һŻᱻһдǿѪһЩӣһҪˡ
ײУħ޴̿ͣ¬ˣҽȥʷˣˣһסǴ̿ͣץסħޣ϶ҲǹһҵȻûиʲôȴ֪ץסôҩɽһɹٵħˣɳ֮󣬾Ǵһ
˵̵ʹ͡
ֳͷĻᣬȻŹеλ˿ɲ򵥣ɵԴ󾳵ʿҩɽΪ٣Ҳаˣ˵ɹ٣Ϊȹ̣ҪҵģԼɵĿ󾳣ɵԴ󾳵İˣȻԽͽ¡
ֻȻ˵ļʶҵǿˣҵȥæˣçײһнʷ˻ܣ²ô׶Ըģڵ֪֮ͨŴˣŴ˾磬֣ȻԽ¡
Ŵˣ
ҵһԼﻹйͿԣ
ɳ٣˭٣ҵͻ꣬Ŀռ䣬ȡһͣ
ҵ˿ûͣǼӿٶȣȻУֶȫȡһɢľϵĳʩչһ
ߣɨһҵЦһԷʵǰǶ֣ڣҪ˲ѡ˵ƺɵһõĳ·Լʵͻķǳ죬ڡ
ȡķﵣⷨﵱɽһ֮ƹг𻨣ɱ֮ǰҪ˿ȡֳг潬Ƶķﵣͬɱһ㣬̧ﵣݺݵӭҵ̳Ľȥ
ľϵͷڰײصһ죬һɾ޴ĳʯ飬ƷɣһЩûб󷨼ӳֵӣҲֱӿ΢ҩﶼӳ󷨣ݵû̫ܵ󲨼
ٿҵ˿ǿѪԵһƷ಻ľϵȻ֧顣
ȻûŹҵ͵еķﵺݺҹȥ˿ҵѾûκη֮һ˲䣬ͻȻоԼ֮ǰ뷨޴ĿЦһжˣֻǱĿ
һǴУҵñ飬ܴڡ
ڴ˿̣һӰͻȻǰƶԼĶɲǼҵǰһ߳ҵ߷ɳȥҲǾҵһһ̣ӿӰʩչһָǧȻһķﵲһԣܿһͻ
¡һϴȻǸսһ˻Ĵ飬һʱľмҷɣ
ͻȻֵˣȻ΢
Ѫħʱ΢Ͳˣ֮ǰһֱڹ۲죬ȵ÷ﵺҵ˶ʱ֪Է˭
˵ҵʲôö΢Ҳ֪ʱڣҵ˻űǿԲųȣΪһ֣ǱȶһҪǿϾ΢ѾͷƱǰ̫࣬ȻѾǷ󾳵ʿ
ٶ̫ˣһʱ䣬ȻͻƵʣԷ϶ǵõ˾޴ĻԵ˼ĸְôô졣
΢ҲΪȻһܸߵɵ󾳣ѾȣҲ޹⣬ƣɷ󾳾Ƿ󾳣⹦ܶԸġ⼸ɹһͲһˡ
΢ղžͿ˿̻սɹֻʣһ󾳣ھ˵ʷ㣬һǸհɹ٣Դ󾳣ֻҪ⼸ˣǾͻʤ㡣ˣЩū޷ּ


һʮ ҩɽ
΢֪Ǵðģɵ֮ҪסԷո΢õŲǡ½񹦡֡ǿĹ⣬Ҳ΢ں˵似ͨŲǵĴԪӣֻκһˣܽķﵹ⡣
ںϣȻͬСɡ
ո΢һ֣һҲǼɹĿɿڴ
ʷۣﺬѪһ仰˵ոˤڵأûʲô˵ҵҲһ·˹һ
Ǳ׻Ĺ΢ȻֱӸһԣʲôֶΣ
Ȼǲ֪΢ɵؾʿԪ浤ĸ֣ۡŲǡǡ֡ǧķֶΣ߽ϣȻԵ͹Ҳ΢ȡɡ
ҵԾǣ΢ȻԼ
һ˲䣬ҵ촽£ٸнζӳ£˵ʲôζǽ΢ɳУ΢ȣ΢ʱ֣ڣ
뵽Լ֮ǰΪֺշ΢ԣҵȻǸоһ˿Ǿ֮䣬ҲͻȻ
㣬㾹ܵҵķﵣ˿΢£˵г˺⣬һЩ¡ԭΪһԼǿƹɵΪѹ΢û룬ոһȻ΢⡣
˵ǲǿĹܻ⣬Ҳǲ˼ˡ
΢Ȼϳûе֪Լ˵˼ͽײеħޣܼ˺ͷ
΢£λ˵λˣ˷ħϮҩɽҩɽ֮ʣͻϮҩ԰ͬͻϮ𴦣ֵֻܵħޣֻҪȵŴǰȻԻΣ
˵ⷬ΢мɵģȣֲֻɹٵճԹΪ²֪⣬΢˵ħϮԿԼ˵ķ֮ģ˭֪ħ£ײޱȣ֮Ȯֻзһ󣬸ǸϣϾҩɽշģħ޴շҲֶ֪ͨɳԮ
˵һ΢˼µͷִˣģ˿¹ҩɽ£ҵȶȻȫ
֮յĳԹҷ£Ϊ˴֣
΢Ǵһ£Ǳȴнû뵽˭֪ʱҩ԰ȻɹڳһֹһԸ΢һʮգЩɹһǶʱǲܽս
ĹǣǱɳһɽɼĸָԼµѪħ͵סˣʱԼδٱϮҩɽϮɱɹٵɸȲԼ
̾ߣҲԲԸ⡣
ֻҪץʱ䣬δزܽ΢ɱֻҪȫ֣Щں֮ܵҶãжϣȴǴһð⣬ɲ֮䣬ʩչһʮɣɵķģͬӣֳ־޴ޱȵķﵣ˲䵽ﶥ㡣
ᷨսֻзʿǿޱȣɺɽʵֻսʿǿ̫࣬ҷͨĵ˵һѳ̷첻һ˺֮ϵķ֮ȴù˲
һ̣΢ˡ

ҩ԰֮⣬˿Ҳһţҩ԰һž޴ѪסѪϾȻһ޴ħ˭ħ񶼻֮̽⣬ѪƺҲаһ̻ᱻ߷˷ʤ
ȻշǵһʱõϢϵҩ԰
Ǿ޴ħշͫ΢΢һȴɫŹ֡
Ŵˣħ޵ֶΣ˵ħ֣ŴɳɳʩԮ֡һλҩ԰ʱ˵ɫ࣬Ϊɳ漰ħ޵ĶǴ£
շûж˸˿̵ıκνͻ֮
еģֻĮ
ƺҩ԰ûаϵ
ʱ򣬾ǷϲҲǼæǰŴˣħǴ£Ȼ΢¹ش󣬴˿ȴҪȫ֡
ϲҲӲͷƤ˵Ҳϲ΢޲öԷùͬΪɳ֮٣ħֵǰ£ȻҪɳΪأÿһɹжٹ̵顣
ǲϲ΢ٿ̰̰һЩ߻Ҫصġ
շʱ˷ӦȻ̾˿϶ǸղǸһû뵽ȻϹѪħƵħѰˣһ漰ħޣɳȻɣʱħļƻ޷ʵʩˣȻˣֻǰˣڣ׼ѾãֻҪ֪ͨħͺãڴ֮ǰǲϢ͸¶ȥ
˵꣬շΧһĿɿڴˣֱȡһӡźɫѪɫķ׭Ȼ䷨
ԱߵķϲշĶƤһȴĿɿڴȻʶ࣬ҲóշʩչĲɵħһ
ɵħ漰ܹ㣬Ѫ⡢ʬ֮֮ȣһѪͬ˵ħֶΡ
ŴˣôʩչħֶΣ
ϲ˼⣬ѯʣշһɫƺǾǧ֮⣬ҲǲǰѯʣֻǸо٣ƺʲôҪһ㡣
һ̣շеĺѪ׭һâֱʣͼεɫͻȻ䰵ʱ֣ȻǱһɺ֣֮䣬ҩɽ뵽һƬڰС
ô£
Ŵˣʲôʾ£
Χѯʣշɲ˵ƺǲһһ£ٴˣҲ֪Ծˡ
ܿ죬ΧһĨѪ⣬ҩɽӳһƬڰѪɫУ̧ͷһȴǾĸεѡҩɽΧѾգһƬƬֲľ޴ɵʱݣô޴ţȹ̵ĵĶо־ͲʡԶҲε֮һƬѪ
ֻƬʱΧȻǱӣ˶ɵˡ
ҩɽ£ˣڶҩūҩɽȪԱͣеĻĿɿڴĿѻľ޴Сģֱ̱ڵϣ¡ҩɽڶෲҲǿǸ޷ĿֲһĻС˷ֵļУʼɢӡ
ĵ̣Ľصɴ۾ֲľǶıϻޱȣ˿ҲǴһƬհס
⾿ʲôȻԸ컻գתǬĽ˵٣Ƥǿ
ϾǺ֮ܿǿԼ侲Ըҵ̿·ͨͨͨߣ뿪ҩɽ⣬һеֶΣȥҩɽҩ԰΢ˡ
¼æȥ죬һϢ˻ҩɽƺһĽ統У·ͬɳȥĴڶĿֲԸ⡣
ҩɽ֮ϣҩ԰ǰշܵĿΧĿֲɫ¶֮ɫ
ʱΧ˶ԼĺһȻУŴ̫ˣָоŴһħͷһ㡣
Ŵˣʾ£Ǳɳһҩ԰ȻƽΨշǰʱҲշ⣬¾Ҫߡ
ʱշ֪Ϊʲôش𣿡
һ仰Ǹɹͣ£¶ɻ֮ɫ
ΪûбҪһȺ˵շЦˣЦļΪգֱƽʱǲܳշϵģҩɽ٣ε磬ҩɽȨҲ˳羴Ķ
ڣȷһħͷ֮⣬һɿֲޱȵɱ
СġϲԾ̳ѣ˰ģͼշӿһźӰħһ޴ĺɫצֱӽڿеλ˺ķ顣
λ˿ɲ򵥣һλɵɵʿֻһͿƽٳɣڣȻǺ޷շһɱ
ֲǣѪⱻǺɫצ˹צһѪ⣬ڲ䶯
ħͷСģ˲Ŵˣħޣϲ˿̴󺰣ΧǷ׷ȡ׼շ塣
շ˿۽ٺЦϲϲƽҾͬèһ㣬ҹޱȣ˵һ㲻˵˵ҳϵһô㷴ң
ϲɫһ䣬ԥȻ֮ǰշײеֶΰסˡ
շ˿̵ϲƽҳϵķϣҸһᣬе˶ɱˣҿ㲻ħ֣ħ
⻰һ˵꣬˶ɫ䣬һޱȣǵй£ҩūлΪȲϷϲ֮շǲʮǧƴҲûá
㲻Ӧɡշ˵̵꣬һ


ҴӦŴˣϲҳϵĹֻҪɱң÷ϲʲôУ֮䣬ϲѡ
ȡһѷĳΧȺ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѫɽҽ
ϲҲʿɹ֮ΪҲнɱһЩͨʿͻ˵ʲô
ʮ֮ڣҩǰϰˣͱϲɱһʣ
ܺãҹӭħ٣ӦһϢշ忴ΧƵʬ壬ǰ档
ϲ֪һ̤ȥԺֻһ·ߵˣûбѡΪ˻ֻܸշ߹ȥ
շô£ȻʵǲҶʣħ˭
˿ҩǰǸ޴ͭҩ֮ڣͻȻӿһźһˡ


һʮ 
ҩǰǸ޴ͭҩ֮ڣͻȻӿһźһˡ
շ״ǹ񣬿ڳħϲĿɿڴ벻ףҩǰͭô˲棿
ҿңԲ֪˶á
Ȼ䣬ϲ뵽ǴһʼǼƻõġ
˿ҲǹǴӶˣԷϻ㣬ƤֲȻĲ԰ףһߣʬ塣
ͷɢȻƤ԰ףļΪߴٱҪһͷ֫׳ؿںֱ鸴ӵģһ˫۾˲Ѫɫ·һ㣬˲֮ӡ
ʲô£Ϊǰ׼ʽͭ˴˿̳ʡ
շ弱æħб䣬Բòƻǰ
˵ţ㽫ҩ԰һ飬Ǳħ̧ͷҩ԰ڵķ򣬿ԿǾ޴Ѫ޴Ѫħá
ԭǽ˶ħȱֻħвмֵҲգҳںһ壬ͽħȡշ壬ơħˣҪںһ壬ʬתҪд˵ħ˵շ弱æͷħģѾﱸ꣬ҩɽЩܵݺҩģҩɽ飬Ĳϡ
ķϲЩеԭŴ˸Ǳҩɽħޣͼ󣬾ȻҪҩɽݺƳɵҩ
ʱħϲʵǺˣ
ħµһѣħħ֣һЧĻᡣշЦ˵ֻЦڷϲȴľ
ħûϲĽɹˣӿһźĹâ̧һ㣬һħĹâֱӲڷϲϡ߷һҽУЩħȴǴĿڱ۾ԼƤ͸ڡ
ҸһħɽɵתΪħħ˵꣬շлħʹͣϲлħ
ϲ֮ǰֻоҪһ㣬ֻƬ֮ʹʧתһ嵱ӿɲ֮䣬оԼľ磬Ȼһ㡣
ħ
ħƺҲûôã·ϲǰ򵹣лħʹ͡
ʣħ֮ûлͷĿܣΪɳһħ޵Ĵڡ
ɣҪʱ䣡ħ˵꣬ϥշǹͷȻӻȡ߸Сɵ¯һץͽΧʬ飬ȡѪ⣬ͿĨ߸¯ϡ
ԭĵ¯ɲ֮䱻ۣתΪɫħ¯ҲӿѪߣѪʳһա
ȥɣշ彫߸¯׳ʱߵɳ䵽ҩɽΧγһһ̣շ߶˲ʱ䣬ҩɽƾ棬һŻӿԭͬɾһҩɽ
ҩɽе飬ֲﻹݣϵ֮;Ѫ㱻ЩȵĻգ
Χ޴ĹɵĲڣ˿̾ȻҲǷЦƺͿͿ̿ľ
һֻҪ뿪ֲ֮أڰУͱһɳȵĻӹȼգ֮;ѪһһƯڿУֻƬʱ䣬˷ɻңӿɢ䡣һƬҰҲڴ֮Ѹٿήȼգɫһ⣬ա
ҩɽҩū˿ҲǾʧ룬е˶ᣬе˲ɽʣ綼ᱻ
ҩūҩɽϵǧ˾ҪһЩѾз˱ֱײĻճɷɻң;Ѫԭֵҩɽ򣬴˿̾ǵһ㡣
Ľɫ԰ףԸ߼ΪߵĻ÷󣬵ֻֿȻĽַ֪󷨵ֵ˶á
ҽϣеȻֹлӿ֣ɫͺɫĹηĽʤһ˿񱼹滹ϰԵˣҩɽϣҲֻкзҪѰӻڰ·ͱһ潫ǳʮûҽжûȫɾѪ֮
ȻҲһЩ˻ûҪôãҪôһЩķԵֵƬ̡ǺʣʱѾؾʿĽضһ
ֻͱ˲ͬǣĽлһ˿ϣǾҩɽ֮ϵ΢
ֱ΢ֶΣδػֻҪ΢Ǿͻȵϣ
ҩ԰ڣΪѪħµĴҩ԰֮ڷǲӰ졣
˿̣΢ϰ
ò˵ʿȷǿ΢Ȼ޵ɵϾֻؾ磬ǼΪҲֻǿֵĹһԴ󾳵İˣ֮£άһƽ⡣


һʮ ɳ
ķ̬̫ǿ΢ͰֻͲҪʤûпܡ
΢Ӳģ֮Ϊ̫󣬼޳Σѹ㡣޴ķ̬ͬһȡһɢŽķ׭䷨һ̣ķ׳̣ϵĽҫۣͬ·
ⶨȻɼĸƵĽ׳鷳ˣ˼ʶ㲩һϳǽĲ΢Ҳǰһɽ̫ӲλνɸΪôһɽıǲôһҪӮܡ
΢мƲߣһƻǳɹʱ鷳ΪҪһЩ׼԰ûг֡
ʵǣ΢ǰ˶ЩԲˣΪͲ̫࣬Է෨ӳ֣⻹ô
ͼﵴһֻƺХ£˶ֻܲʩչӲ˷ɳ²ʡ
ھʣ΢һ
аڣ΢ܾһ˲ڣ΢֪ԼôԻܡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻԹΪأϣԽֹͬʱ΢õ׼׵
õ֮΢ҧҧҪȡһʱ䡣
ƴˣ
΢ٶܣͻȻվڱУֱɱɣ΢ôھ϶̫࣬߶ܻһսֻ·һ
΢ƫƫǴô
ɽʵǣ΢֮ǰսѾǲã˾֪ôԻܵһһλû˵ɹ٣ΪУֻҽҩ֮ɲó΢Լ
ɳ΢һʩչԼµõģɳ񹦡Լ䡯
䡯֮γɽʱ˶ãں˾ɳ񹦣Լɳǿ
ȻǶ񹦺͵ͿʩչҪһſĽֶڻͨ϶Ϊһ
΢ɵûʲôʦУԪȻ̸΢ֻܶǽ˿ھȴ޷ָ΢Ժܶʱ΢ҪԼ
ںɵġɳ֮һ
ɲ֮䣬һɳܻ㼯Ȼӵ㼯ΧγɳЧҪȻǱƬ̡
΢ҪľƬʱ䡣
ף΢׼ʱ˦׷׷ͬ΢ʦĽ׷䣬˾ӡ
Ҳ΢ԡ׾һθĽһΣ΢ֱ׳ʮ׷ĿǰһԴ߶׷ʩչŵ
̼䣬ʮִ׹γ׻޴ķϡ
ⷨԵֵѰҵ˲׷Ҳһܵˣʮ׾һǿһһЧΧҲ˲仯һƬ𺣡
޴ĺ׾֮Χ˶䲻Ӧը졣ٿķȻˮһ룬ȴûбɢȻˣҲǽŸᡣ
ʮ׾һ죬Ƿҩ԰Ǽħ˿̶Щҡҡ׹
ֱδţһʿʩչһ׾ѾǷľҪ΢˾ʩչ׾δɳķ˼ȵΣС
һΰ΢µ龰иǼᶨɱ΢˼Ȼ΢ɳȥһ죬ԼᱻԷԽɸڣԼҲᱻ΢ɱ
˵ĥһ룬ʵڣ΢ʩչ׷޵ɵڳҲЩԲ
ھڸոգѶ˵׼ˡ
ںˣ΢ٲԥֱӳԼСݺͳȥ˿΢ǱߣѾǱдеҩ͹԰Ҳߵľ磬΢֮󣬾Ȼٶܣվڳ֮ڣ
ϸԿҺѾˣΧҩ͹԰ҲѾժһգһЩļ޽ȡӰĶһЩָ鼮ǱĿտյ
ֻЩϸڣڵôᣬ˿ֻɱ΢΢ˣǳȥ˵ﵾҡ
ͬʱΧļҾɫһ任΢Ѿʧ٣һʱ䣬ǸСݻǸСݣֻǳͨȪˮΧûҩ͹԰


һʮ ס
Χսͬ˹Ȼûи׷ʲôΪʲôִ˺ħ޻ͻȻƾʧҾȻΧľɫҲ任ˡ
һ̣΢ȻֶȻȥЩǱǺѪȴһϲɫ
סˣ
΢һ
Ҫһ£֪΢ڲûʲôԿѾɵȵ΢ң澭֮ԣڻԶ
΢뵽˷ӶԸеʱ򣬲һҪ浶ǹƴɱػһ£һսҲǿԵġ
һʼ΢Ƿ֮󣬾ͼƻսֻΪסԷԼѾֶξļĿģҪðԼҪָԼļ޽ֲתߣԼĿġ
Ȼϵˣ΢׷˸󣬿ʼ΢׷ʹ򣬽һ̤΢׼õ嵱С
ֺ«ĶߵΨһôǶһƬֽת֮ǰ΢ԼܣⶫշҲûзֶߣ˵жôˡ֮΢뵽һãǾˡ
ֻҪķΧ֮ڣת䷨ôͿԽ뵽ߵУס
תߵ䷨򣬾ǱûпŵԿһˡ
ڣͱ֮ڡ
΢սɹˣոҲˣֻҲ˶ѣȻǿᣬӦҲ岻ⶥĽ
λĪҪţħѾʩչֶΣסʱǳ岻ģҿˣȻ뷨ƿħ֪ͨˡ΢˿д󽫷緶⼸ҩ֮ǰ΢е⣬ôһ£ҲǶ΢Ͷء
ҵʷ㣬˿̿΢Ҳû֮ǰĵӣ΢ƴħ޶ħˡ
ҵʱӵ΢һ
ִˣĳ֮ǰҺͿΪֺŴ˶ǰٰѣȴǿ͸ˣҩɽΪ٣ִ˶չˣǰ飬ĳԣˡ
˵꣬һס
΢Ǳʷһҩ԰Ҳˡ
ִˣˣǰǷ룬˷ִǿУˣħסͳҲ㣬ִ˲ƽҵչ
Щҩ԰٣ҵʼҲ΢ԩ޳֮΢ΪշĹϵ
Ͼշҩɽ٣ҪԸˣҵθҽá
һͬս֮ǰǵͶɢҵѾˣȵȥȥȰշ岻Ҫ΢΢ɳҩɽֻҪշܶס˭Ӱ쵽
֮΢շٵĴѹ£һȺ˵żоȻɾͣҩ԰ȻĸعҫǰǴûйġ
ҩɽ壬ͬΪҩɽɹ٣Ӧչˣ빲ܻżӣ
˵΢жǣȥƽǰ飬ǵ޲ˡ
λǰ飬ȥȥˣӦͬЭȵλˣȻһͬ΢Ȼپǰ鲻ţңǰҲǳԿһνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬѶ·
ȻǰĶԹ⣬΢ҲСȡһЩ޽ַȥ޸ƣȹΪ
棬Ʋ壬ʷҲ࣬ﵣѾǵɵԺ޸ʵҲۿۣҵᣬԹ֮Ѿǻָ˰˳ɡ
ҩ԰Ƭ̣΢ȴǸоԾ
ҩ԰յҲһʱˣΪûһ㶯ôʱ䣬շ˾ĸֲûз
³
΢ȻòԣҲ벻ͨʲôԵʣĪշⲻԮֿԼûУǶԷͲԼϮ֮£ôʱ䣬Ҳ϶ӦǣɳƲá
˼⣬΢ԷеɻƬ֮󣬿ʼҵһʩչҪƿסҩ԰Ѫ֮ڡ
ֻգǶ÷ɽΧһڶԹơ˼£˾֪ûκôҪ⿪Ѫ֮ڵķգֻǴħ޿׳ӦĿ
Լ
΢ҡҡͷȻܣȥҪߵУһץססԼһоͶˡ
ֺ«ͺˣּĸ֣ƿѪ֮ڡ΢аո뵽ʱ΢͸оǰͻȻӰһ͸оԼһץס·ǶһƬŹֵУһתٿԼȻǵһŹֵĶС


һʮ ̬
˶΢Ϥס
ǰľֺ«滹аԼǸүү֮⣬һһŮˡ΢ȥͷϣһ߲Ҷһ֥
ʣЩҩ顣
磬ˣ΢ֺС˹
ʲôط΢ʶʵղŵһз̫죬֪Լô
ʲôط¹ܣүЩ飬Դһֺ«˵һ䣬ȻСӣ˷ҩɽѣƨ²ұɣʵʵȵ̬ƽϢ֮ٳȥɡ
΢ɫһ䡣
ҩɽѣʲôѣ
ǰ淢ʲô֪΢ԣֻȥֺ«Ȼ˵ʵļˣ˵ģүҲֻ֪һħ޷ҩɽҪҩɽ鶼ʱһֻ϶
΢󾪣ͻȻ뵽֮ǰֺ«ɱһħޣо±ȻйҪҩɽ
ôܣ
УԷҲȻǳﻮ˺ܾãˣҩɽôܺ޲ɳܺ޲
ǡ
΢Ƥһ뵽һֿܣ֮ǰ֪ҩɽһɹٹħޣͼ죬һֱ֪˭ڣ΢뵽һˣΪ˵ĻôһоͶ͵ͨˡ
շ壡΢Ҳֻλҩɽ٣ܲҩɽκ˵ԼʲôʲôҲֻǰ׼˻ɺͲշ壬ô˭ҩɽ飬Ϊ٣Ϊһλ˾ĸ֣ôס
ϴǸŵħޣŵĶҲȻշ塣
СӻͦڻǲҪ˼룬ʵʵɡ֮ǰүҸоԾܳȥ˿պþͿҩǰշһΪħһշڴ߶һҩɽҩɽµ飬ǶˣүңҲ󷨲үֶθշҲκҲáֺ«˵ȻЩ⡣
΢ȴľ
շ徹ȻҪҩɽ
Ҫ֪ҩɽ˵ޣڶʿͷ˼Ҳˣշ徹Ȼȫɱ
ֺ«˵Ǹħޣ΢뵽һˣƽԪ
ϵˣԪ˵ƽԪΪ죬ܿǹħʬ֮һʵݣ֪
ôʲôϵ
΢ϸһǰľͻȻðһͷδغշһģշͻȻҪҩɽܿҲǲִ֮ľΪͻȻ֣ǲòǰƻ
֮ô룬Ϊ˿ǰ죬ԼȻѡҹ˾ҹΪô¶ĿҪ󣬳֮⣬ֺ«˵ȥһ̽ҩȻȫˣ˵ħʵǿ
ǶԷΪûУ
£΢ϸһֺ«ǸϢǿħ޵ȷϥڵһûҪֵ˼Լҩɽô飬ɳƤңǺ鱩¶ϾɳĴ̫࣬һλģҪҩɽֱǳ룬ԷΪߵֺ«ǿ϶Ҫ
շħƫƫûУֺ«˵ά󷨵շ壬շ岻ֻпԭħ޲˵ȥˡ
ֻ˵ħҪô֣Ҫô֣ܳ΢ںߣΪͻȻϮ壬շͻƽԪִ£
ȻЩֻǲ²⣬ǲ΢ҲȷɶԷҩɽȴʵ΢ĵڶ鱻ȻҲĲ̣ǳΧ֮飬֪ȥҲȥ
Ϊˣʲôţٽлᱨ
ڣ΢Ǻް취ҩɽȴ£ɳ֪ȻǻᲪȻŭʱɹȫΨԼţôͣܽҲᱻɳϹΪ֮ˣ;ô
ֹ֮һıǱȻǻϴһɸӣԼ;ҲһƬ
Ҫǣ΢߲Ǻ޷֮Ȼֻ΢Լʹ˿ҩ԰ϵˣǾûʤ㣬ȥֺ«Ͳһˡ
ֺ«Ϊ΢ԲշҪʤһ
ȻЩ΢ȫǲ²⣬˵ǻƽԪȷǲм֣һֺ«˼Ҷ֣óȻȥǺ˺
˵ֺ«Ӳۏˮ


ٶʮ ֲħ
ԷȷбֻܹʸΪ˿ڵĶ΢оǿ󷨲Ȼ֮Ϊߣһֺ«ͰǶôöûб˷֣֪ⶴˣշͻƽԪֶΣδܲ˴
Ϊɣ΢룬˵ֺ«һֺ«Ҳɵȵָңֻշһ£ħϢ̫ǿȰ
ǰˣ΢Ҫǰȥֹǣֻǰ֮ǰʹң澭еĹҾȳ𣿡΢ѯһ䡣
ֺ«ȥֹħޣҲ˿Ȼң澭ּң£ޱȣһЩȻǵסң澭
΢ͷȻˣֻϧң澭ʱжֺ̣«ֶͨΡ
ǰɷ뿪ҩɽ΢ʡ
ֺ«ҡͷУԹҩɽֶαȷֶθ̫࣬ңҲȥ
΢̾˿ϧܳȥһжðˣֻҪϱɳʣµͲԼˡҲӲ˵շͻƽԪֶ׼
ǿɷǰҩ԰ϵҲȻ΢̽ʵֺ«ҡͷܾУѾΥ˶µĹأҲЩ飬Ϊүǻ
΢˵ֺ«ȴǲ
΢üͷһ壬ЩˬȻˣǱǰͻ塭
û˵꣬ͻ
ͻȻǾ𶯣һ̣ͷǳұھȻ꼸ѿѷ죬ͬʱѷ쵱ͻȻӿһħ޴ħץ
ͷ֥ҩͰۿҪһֻħץסүү״ȴǿһԼٶǰһѽ׳ȥһ̣֥ҩһ𣬱ħ󱬣һѪߡ
ֺ«ŭǴһֶҲֻܲסһħ֣ħйŹ֣һǱɡ
˿ⶴѾҡҡ׹ܸѷѿѪħʬӿ룬˻ЩѪħʬ߳߳ߣ⣬ȴԿɽʯÿһ龳ʵ
΢ʱŰʩչֶεֵЩѪħʬʱһҽУŤͷһŮҩ龹ȻҲһһֻħץס廯һѪĸɸɾ
ֺ«ѣƬ֮䣬ͬ龹ȻˣҪ֪ⶼҪײŲҩ顣
ƽʱֺ«Ը֣˿̣Ƕŭһ΢Ͱǰӡ΢Ͱϣֻ˵һչ˰һƣ΢ֻоԼͬͶһɼУתƬ֮󣬾ȻǷԼֻصҩ԰
ͬһһ߱΢۴ޣȻղŵ齫Żˡ
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СշͻƽԪԷȻֶΣԲֺ«Ƕڣ˵֮ǰֺ«Ϊ̽Ĳ֮
û뵽ǾȻ΢ΪͻƵĶ俪գ֮䣬ɱҩ顣
ҩʵǰүүӦĿΪˣȻһжסֱӱɱ
ˣֺ«Σˣ΢˿ҲǷӦ˹ոΣ֮Уֺ«ͰͳǴºǻƽԪƴ
Ϊֺ«ո˵Ƕµģǡˡƺ˵Էֺ«еĵλ
ȻǡˡµĶֺ«Ҫˡ
˿̼΢ʧͻȻ֣һһСҩ԰ϵ˶Χ˹ѯʡ
ֻ΢ʱǣŵȫԱ
Լ֮ǰ뷨̫ˡ
Ϊֺ«ȸڣƻƽԪշļƻ˭룬˼ҵǿ󳬹ԼԤϡ
͸ղƤħ֣ץԼԼҲȻûл·ʵ֮Ĳ̫ˣ΢оԷɼΪˡ
⻹ô
΢־ᶨ˿ҲЩ˿ΨһϣȻħõѪϣѪʲôó
ոǶ׾ͱԷƿ΢֪ѪϣԵסշͻƽԪ
֮ûȶԸΪԶѣǸļֵҪΪҩ飬Ǵ֮ɵʿħʿҪ˵΢֮ǰע⵽ǶвϡеҩĺЩѾģЩȻֵԻƽԪǲŻѡ֡
壬ʱ޶࣬һֺ«ܱɱһҪģԼҩ԰


ٶʮһ 
΢֪ʱȣһֺ«Ǳߵֵסһ̱ľҩ԰
Ǹ·ˣɫħϮĪǾֻܵ
΢Դеˣңûֺ«ǰľ磬ңεĵزȻ޷ȥȻ޷ӣǾֻܶ㡣
ҩ԰˵󲻴˵СС˵ĵطҲв٣ɶһЩɽֵطԲز˶á
΢룬ͻȻǱߣðһͷ
ƺҩ԰ܲصĵطҲֻߵˡʮԼ۹۲죬κ⣬ҲܣʮΣѲ⡣֮⣬ѾһʱˣͻƲ˵ߵʮͻƣ٣ǲеģֻʹöӦķܿת
Ҫ㣬ֻܲߵ
΢ҲΨһİ취΢ǽ˶һһнʮҩūųɺͽ죬Լλɹ٣ҵʷ㣬˵ˣ࣬Ҳ٣΢֪ߵ㹻󣬿Էôˡ
򵥽һ£˶ɫ䣬ҩūǻҵҲһ㱡
ȻĸҶҩɽ֣Ļʹ֮ˣȻշ壬Ŵˡ
ħޣ
ҵ˵𺳷ǳһʱǲ֪˵ʲôȻΪ֮ǰԭҲûлɣϾǿһͷβħޣȻôʹħҩ԰
λǿղҲˣһλǰҪҳȥȥ֮ŷҩɽλǰֵЩħޣһֵס˴ͻһĿ꣬ǵ㡣΢˵꣬ҵͰ˾ҡͷִˣ˵Ļ׶༪ˣŴˣҩɽӪ꣬Ȼаսҩɽ˵˳׼Ϊߣ˾磬ǼһܺͷֶһˣжŲȥɡ
˵꣬һ
Ҷˣ͸˵ˣһʱ䣬汯ɫ
δأ΢˵һ䣬һſԼİֵλǰ岼һһƣǾͶУôһ̣Բܷû·΢ҲԲִУȻҪǰħƴһ̡
һ̣΢һ֮ɫӰ죬ҵͰ˵˶в΢
ִ˵Ķԣλο࣬ҵѰɵΪ֤;ܾҲҪңҲҪƴɱһ̡˵˱΢ĺӰ죬˿Ҳ޾ɫ
Ѿز˵ʲôûãҵʷˣȻɹʱ̰ᣬշǱΪ飬ִǴǵʱҲǶøվӡ˵΢ξǣѾǱǰӣ뵽һֱѾɥʧĵģʰʿϣսס
ãλȥ׼Ȼ΢˵Ķ־Ҳǵ˵ͷһǾͼе΢СݵУȴѪϱƿһ̡
ȴܹЩѰ£Щ尾޲̾ԡ
ӣԸ빫սһ̣ʱ򣬰Ҳվ΢
ʱ΢İ˵磬үүģ϶ԽЩ˴ܣȻүү𡣡
۵Ļ΢Цһ
΢Ҳϣֺ«Դ漣ֻշ壬ֺ«ȻռƣټϻƽԪƤħֺ֣«ʤ㣬һɶûС
ҪĴ㡣
ʱһһĹȥͻȻ֮䣬ҩ԰һ£˾ܡݵƽ֮ѪͻȻ䱻һֻ޴Ƥħ˺Ѫɣ΢ˣҲ͸˺Ѫϣľɫ
ֻߵ񷶥ϣ޴ֿЦľȻ׶˲Ƥħֳ֣Ѫ˺ĿӣӰֶ
΢ȥȴֻϵһ˾Ȼҩɽɽٷϲ˿һаħӿ֣һˣ߳ϣΪ׳ͷɢϵħŨ㣬ΧĿŤûֲֿ
һ˫Ѫ۶΢ˣϷ֮ɫ
΢ʶһ̣΢ҧƽԪ
˿ЦһƺЦ𶯱顣
΢ϻЩʶǱͨڤɽ㻵Һ£һˣձҪѡƽԪħ죬ʵϿƽԪ΢¾һֺ֪«׶༪ˡ


ٶʮ 
λҩǰ΢Ϊ𾴵ģǶԷΪΪԷǿȡᣬһԼüΡң澭Ҳֺ«ģȻ΢˶ԷľԪ΢֪ľԪļֵԱȲң澭
λǰأȻ΢֪̲סʳ
˵ǸӣȻǱ˵ʵû뵽ҩɽȻҩ飬ָܻô죬ҪлҩˣӴҪһּΪĵ֮ززȴɵĺͱƴ˻áƽԪЦֹƺʮֵ⡣
ֿ΢еİСҩȻҩԱȲϸղǼҲóһͽɵҩ
΢ҪҧˣȻȥ΢֪ԼڲƽԪʮǧֺ«Ǵ˶֣Լȥûڶ·
˿̣ԵҵϲŭϲΪɹ٣ȻħͷǱΪ飬òҪ㣬أأ
ϲ˿ѾħͬʳĳֶƷ֮Ҳûлͷ·ˣȻǽеҰȫſҵΣǿЦ˵ЩˣȻǶˣŴ˺ħ£ǳҲҪģˣҲѿࡣ
޳ɱ㣡ҵףֻ΢ס˵ԷлƽԪĿǰ޵еĴڣǷϲħ֮ʵҲǴǣҵѾ֣ȥ
ˣŭǲǵĵ֣΢˵ҵĻҲ֪΢˵û
˵ŴȷǱɳЦЦϲշͶħͷΪͿңˣˣɳͽĴڣЩ飬Ƕʲôطɳή³ͷˣɣǰȥ׷ɱǣջƵħͷվɱǣգҲ˽٣նɱ겻˴˿Ҳŭ˵ҩɽɹ٣ҩɽ˿ۼҩɽҪ֮ޣȻԱ
ɳƽԪһЦɳѾǣվҪ
˵ðһŰ˸Ƥħֵħֳֻħ֣ץ
ǧһ̣΢䷨˲ʱߵת΢һ˵˲ʧֵ֮ģȴǻ⣬Ʊ
ʱ˻صߵеʱ
һ΢ȴû뵽΢ļƣͱߵгԷ̬зҲƲߵ
Ȼֺ֪«΢ⶥһͷĶԵɣֺ«Ҳ֪١
ȥȻǱŭޱȣ뵽ԼȻ΢ļƣټ֮ǰ΢ĺ⣬С˷Ƿײһɽϵȷ̫ķɼˣɳȥ
ǣҲ侲ֹͣײʼ̽Ȼջ
΢֮ǰȻðĶתߣݺʱִ٣©һƬҩ棬Ѿļ޽ЩҲ̺ǿ
֮ǰײط𣬷٣ЩҲ¶
֪̽ЩǺöæЩԸ˸ɾָķͬʱҲ뵽һ΢ķӡ
͵͵˲ɸķľǡ׳֮ǰһʣһΪҲ֣طֻȴ޷Ҳ˵΢һֱԼֻҪץͿתơ
װһʱŸоΧɫͻȻ仯
붼û룬ǼڶȻ
Ϳӭһ޴ɫצץΪ΢ֶΣǻӶﵹȥ
ֻȻעҪˡ
ħĻƽԪȻȻͻȻֵ΢İ֣һ۾ͿԷǷ󾳣Ȼз׳Ҳֻǿﵽ벽αɵĳ̶ȡ
Ķ֣ƽԪ
ħ񷢳һȻֱӽĽɫ顣
ŴɱķһħԭΡƣѪҽˤȥ
˿ŷԣֻѾˡ
ͼһֻɫħצץȥŵðֻüҪɱңҸ
û˵꣬ͱɫħצĳһѪ
ɣΣƽԪ壬ɱȫɡ
ȻĳħԲɱ֮׳Ҳ˵ɱĸԽ࣬ʵԽ졣
ֻǺܿ죬ͲѾĻǵһ˿ϢԼڣһ˿׷ȻһλΪߵڵģһһͻḽɱ֮˵ϣʱλ˾ͻѰ


ٶʮ 
ƽԪ£ϲ̽飬Ѱ΢˵ټ
ƽԪӦһ£üͷһ壬ˣǲڴ˴Ӧǽĳֶĳ統С
ƽԪЦһ˫̧һ忪ʼ飬ֻգ֮䣬ͱ֧ʯ޴ɽҲǱ鵴ƽ
֮󣬻ƽԪֿһ󣬱߰ɣǶ򵥣ҲӲħķգ绹Ҫ
˵꣬ŷϲȥ
ߵڣΪƽԪƽ壬ԾڵҲܵ˲ڵĵطҲǱû飬ɼˣոյ𶯺ͲҲþ飬ǱƯʯڶ˶û¡
΢֪ȻǻˣǵˣһһشһǻƽԪãҲûʲô
ȻʱΣ΢Ҳ֪ıߵҲסǾûˡ
Ҳֻܵȡ
ֻϣɳһ㷢ҩɽıʣ־Ԯ֮⣬΢һ취ûС
ʱ΢һ
ֹӣֹӣ
鴮󹱵Դ΢鴮к󹱳΢ѯڻֻ֮⣬ϲ˵΢ҲϰԵĺ󹱵ĴڣϾϸ˵ǵзѡ
һΣܼǴĳֽ΢ó󹱶Ȼʲô¡
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󹱵Ļش΢ͷһֹӣʶղǸħޡ
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Ǹħ޵壬ҧгݵ˵һɺ⡣

΢еңƬ֮ŷӦʲô˼ڵĳϣе񲻾ڵ
ôܣ
ڵӦҲѹڣô֣
΢뵽ͻȻ뵽ʲôΪʲôܡ뵽ϴοںʱĹ¡
ʬŰ콵Ѫꡣ
ʱ΢˾ͽɹٵίУѪԴΪ£һҲ˸𡣵ʱ΢֪滹к֣ڿҩɽ͵ڵ飬Ǽй
ڵʱ΢;ʲôطԣոƽԪʶʲôطˡ

ڣ΢ƽԪ񣬼ƽԪܶ壬ǶԷûбͨڤɽǸаͷӣҩɽħͷ񣬻УǸ½ǧʿҲͬ
½ǧǻƽԪ
ʱ΢ûӦھôһѣ΢´һе飬ͻƽԪйϵȻ½ǧȥڣΪ˽
ڶԷʲô֪΢֪϶ʱġ
ƽԪҪʲô
ԷǹħʬķΪβ뷨ƿͨڤɽķӡܵȡʬ壬ܵҩɽ顣
ĪǴ׳ȥҿӡ
ڱѾ˵Ӷɷʬޱȣֹӣħ޾Ȼʬ壬ﲻˡŭ˵дűߺɱ⣬ڸ޼ƿʩ˵鴮ûУҲԲǻƽԪĶ֡
һ΢Ҳ̾˿֪Щ
ľѳۣƽԪѾռʵطܵСĿǰֻܶߵ֮⣬ʲôˡ
ǣ֪ͨɳɡ
ֺ«ң澭޷յҩɽȥǾ͸ܳȥˡ
΢ŶԲߣһ԰΢ǰĪҪż˾һսǹѣҲұ꣬
΢͵̧ͷѺһæӣ˵ˣ
ûУǷû˵Ǵغã΢˿۾Ȼ⡣
΢ټһ˵λз֪ͨɳˡ
ʲô
ִˣа취ˣ˵˵Ҫô
̫ˣֻҪ֪ͨɳɣǾоˣҩɽҲоˡ
΢ĻȻܸˣϾ˭ֻаƺ뵽ʲô
ִˣʲôӣʱʵ
΢˿࣬һһ꣡
һһ㶣ǵһ
ȻǶ֪֮ʵϣ΢˵ģʿһġҲֻ֤ж˲ʩչѰġɱͬ
ҵı֮Ϊ鲻ΪȫҲ˵ʩչŵʩչ֮󣬴ǱǣὫϴɳǸ״ʿ˼ԩŻʩչһСǵ֮ڵĳģΪ׶֤ϴɳͥɳɹٽ١


ٶʮ ϣ
Ѱʿı꣬ǾɱֻжˣҶ귨ʿַϴɳ
Ϊκνƶ赲
ȷһӣֻ֮Ƕҡʱ˵Ļû˵Ҷ֪֮ȻԽ˲䴫ɳɱ֮ҲȻ
ңı֮Ҳÿʿ˵ҩɽЩɹ٣бѧ֮ʿҲûȻǲ֮
ˣҵˣҲһ
ЩҩūûһǶҲ˵΢Ȼ˵꣬϶֮Ұ˺ҵ΢һĺɽǴҡ޽֮˵Ҳ˵ɾĲᡣ
΢ȷñ֮Ȼ΢ҪСҳȫңϸо֮ʱ΢һ裬΢Ľһ±֮ͬʱΪ㹻ǿ㹻ȹ̣㹻֧ôδػ᳹ױʧֻܵشѡ
Ϊ֮˵ˣһȼջﵽ׳ԴԽκν޵
ǿȻʱ׳Խɽ磬ȻǱɣ㹻ǿǾδػὫȼһա
ֻҪвͲֻ꣬ҪָܻߣǹΪ𣬵һЩˡ
һʧڵڿܻõ˵ǾͲʲôˡ
ȻЩ΢ûи߱ˡ
Ѿãñ֮ϴɳʱɳɳ֣ҩɽΣɽ⣬ҲһԴУһħ޵ʱҵƿ˴ǱǺ޷֮ˡ΢һ˵˲¶˼Ϊɫ
ִˡңңҵ˿˫ͨ죬촽û뵽΢ȻΪǣΪҩɽԸңͨɳȥţһʱ侹ȻǼ˵Σ΢ľֱ
ʷҲһһ뵽֮ǰշǱΪ飬ɳЩ飬ֱ˺޲Ҹطȥϻۡ
ʱһֱĬĶųɺͽ˿ҲǰȰ΢
ִˣɰ֮֮䣬򲻿ɣмʶ֪֮˿ǰ˵
죬΢ͻȻ뵽лɵİӣ˵λ˷Ψһķӣ֪ͨɳҩɽıʣֻ֮귨ͨɳڴ֮ǰ΢һѯʼλˣ֪飬֪޲ԡ
һǵͷִˣʱˣʲôֻҪ֪Ȼ
Ǻãʣлһλ֪΢һ۽ͶųɺʵҲҪ֪𰸣Ƕɫš
ҵʷһɫȻѵ
ԭִ֪лɴ˵飬ִ˹Ȼͽʧйˣã˵ɡʷʱ˵
֮ǰȥѾ֪ʧٵ飬ʱշ˵¿ܺ΢йأڿȻˡ
ֻǷ̵ǣҩɽշ徹ȻǱɳħ޼ʱʷȻҪʲô
лɵİӣҲǵ֮һ
лɴһù٣ִͬһֻΪշ壬Բűݣ֪Ҳˣֻʱû뵽л˻ᱻն֪ԺҲǻ֮ӣʱѾûб·ֻշִģǻܻųȥұȥɳ˾ҪɱҪҶˣʷ˿˵ǻ⡣
ʷˣҿδΪл˵շ壬л˶Ȼǵ귢շܣ㻹ǲǵãл˵ҩɽһܵʮݲɣշ年ΪҪɳдٱšҿշʱ򹴽ģħޡҵ˿Ҳ˵ʷһʹļף׷Īڵô£ˣǺںһù١
£лһԩ˿ҲǴ£ųɺͽ˿棬Ƕ֪лɴ˹ȻûЩ¡
ˣȵ¹ûҶȻɳΪлɴ˷ѩ΢˵֪꣬ʱˡ
һ̣ʩչֶΣ塣
ڳ˶ЩֶεģȻԿ΢Ȼ֪΢ǰ٣û뵽΢ĹȻǿᡣ
΢ΪʵһΪǸߣ΢ҲԹٹĵر
Ϊ߳ɹʣҪȥʩչ֮λأϣ΢Ȼ΢˵꣬տԼĬ䷨ɲ֮䣬΢ʧ٣Ѿ뿪ߵ


ٶʮ Ľı֮
ȥһ΢ŷҩ԰ȻѾǵȻ޴棬һƬǽ塣ҩɽһ־޴±΢ɨȥԿҩɽϿգ飬ȫǸ鱻ľѪһһ̣ͬһƬƲڵʡ
ܳЩѪȻЩħ޶ֶκ񹲷ߣ΢˿ΣҲСԲܱ˷֣ûб꣬ͱɱˡ
֮£˻ҽе꣬Ҫֲ΢ҲҩɽûбҲв١ɽеϢܲҩɽǱ߷΢Ҳܵһ˿֮ȻҩɽǱҲûбˡ
΢뵽˺ĽأʱǿֵģҩɽҲֻ̺һжĽﶨȻҲбķԣʱڵŮ˲ġ
Ǿ仰ʲôԴУҩɽе˳綼ᱻƽԪɱ֮ƴһһϣ
ҲΪʲô΢ðΣգҲҪʩչ֮Եʡ
ҩɽУߵɽҩ壬ҩɽλáɽȻҩ壬ȴӦֲֻǵرԵɽ塣΢ϵɽȻʩչı֮
뵽΢ֱҩ塣
ĺô䣬Ա˲ҩɽգڵ⣬΢ҲշƬ֮󣬾Ѿҩ嶥
ǸԶҩɽһ࣬ҩǱߣԿħʣշͻƽԪ
΢֪²˳٣ൢһ̣ͶһΣգǼ򵥲һ󷨣ϢȻ΢֪һ꣬󷨸ֵסϢƽԪһʱָܷ
ʱ򼴱ԼҲҲ԰Σգ΢ɳֶΣֻҪܽͨɳɳȻһʱ併ˣ赲ƽԪ
ҵڣҲֻһһ
΢ú󷨣ȡľľУ˵΢Ϊڱ֮»Ա飬̾ľ
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һ׼׵֮΢ϥƯڿУʼʩչ֮
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Ǳ֮ķţֻΪȻֺԶ֮£κϺ赲һͷ
Ϊˣ΢żţ֮ͻƻƽԪķգɳ
΢ǾҪԱ֮һЩĽ£΢ǰʱ
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ܿ죬΢Ͼɢһƣһƺ͵֮ڣǹ޳ıʱһģһһҪʤһ
Ͼ΢ڵĹΪȵǳĿҪ̫࣬΢Ҳ򵥣Ҳ΢ġɽûнʥԺʥ󣬷΢Ȼ͹һΪصʿ
ҩǰƽԪڵȴȴշ󳹵׽ҩɽȻҪĵҩֻܳռ
жãƽԪ˿һ䣬շ˿̿ƴ̧ͷħҪҩɽҩɽµ裬ҪʮʱѾȥ߸ʱħ԰ꡣ
ӿٶȣ˷ûаռƻ£ܱܿɳһɳӦǾͻǰƽԪ˿̸˵꣬ͻȻԶҩ塣
ǣƽԪԲ۾ӦãʿҪꡣ
˵꣬ƽԪһź˲ʧٳ֣Ѿǵҩ嶥˻һƬ׹⵱е΢
΢㣿ƽԪŭɶͷȴű΢ƻƻܲŭ»ƽԪһץҪƻ΢ıֻ꣬ʩչħץȥȴǱ΢ϵĺȻ
΢˿ɫʿ꣬죬򷨲֣
˵꣬һֱӴ̴ҩɽıݣɳͥ
˿ɽ̨ͥλֵش˴ɽŽף綦ͻȻоһӿ


ٶʮ ħ
Ǽɽһ֪ʿ֤ǺԥöԱһͭӡ
һǿ˲֣߳һۣƵˡ
ͭӾ֪ͨΧɹٵģʿ꣬ɹپͻпѲ٣Ҳп·ɹ١
˷˳֮ڶɱɽǴһæǰ
ˣʿ꣬ӦԴΪأһ̤͵̨ϣһ̨̣ϸֳһӰ΢
΢˿̸оΪоԼͷƺһΪһҩɽҩ壬һȻ˲ڴ˴
Χǻɱɽ֮⣬һλΰһµˡֻ΢ֻһ˿ͷЩɱɽ˵ò΢֪Լʱޣǳλ˵ҩɽҩ԰΢ðԱ֮ͨɳɣҩɽշ屳ɳͶħޣҩɽħ޷Ϳ̿پԮʮ𼱣ʮ𼱡
һ̣΢һͷͻȻʧ
΢Ķ˱֮꣬ٿάƬ̲Żͷʧ
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׷Ų֮ʿ꣬˿̨ͨʿ֮أҲɳеֶΡ
˲䣬΢΢Ŷ죬ϧˣӦһɳһ꣬Ȼɢ־͹ͷڵʱ̫ˣΪΣ
˰˼⣬ʵϣ΢Ϊ֮Ϊʩչ֮ؾۻǡ
ҩϣƽԪ΢꣬ҲЩˡ
΢ôʲôô֮ɢҴӦ㣬ηһΪͽô
ƽԪЩţ˿̻ûȫռ޷ȫʵӳ֮ǰֺ«ȴǽò׻ܵһգ˷Ҫֹ΢ȻвΣӲĲֻģҪ΢ꡣ
΢ĻǲΪ
΢һҴ£Ҿ㣬Ϊһ֮ҪѣҪǧָƽԪ΢Ϊ֪˵ʲôҲûãſһ磬һīɫĹţԼɼаħ
ϵħʴģǱ꣬ҲɢҪ㣬㳹׶䣬Ϊħޣʱ򣬿ΣƽԪ˵Ϊ΢Ǳű֮ģԾĲ΢ô˵ġҪ΢ȻȻħԴ˱΢
ȻһħǾͱɳݣҪٵɹ٣Ǿܡ
΢ЩСɱ֮ȹ̣ľֻʩչһı֮ɸо˲䱻˺ѣ·һƬһƬʹֱܡ
ڴ˿̣һϢӿȻǽЩƲסۡ
΢Ҳ˻ƽԪĻ
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ֲǣ΢оһϢӰԼ˼άͷԭǴ飬ΪӦ
ħ𣿡΢˿뵽һɽŰ£΢޷ٿԼͷƺֻܳ١
ͷһƬڡ
ڴ˿̣΢ͻȻһĨ⣬һɢ͵ģޱȵĹâ״΢ܵǱȥԽַѪȵͷԽ٣΢ܵǰԭ궯ҷͷȶָƽ
ľϢ΢ǰĴп϶뵽֪ȻľԼæһħԼ˻
ʱ΢ͻȻһŴƺһӰһ˫۾Լ
ɲ֮䣬΢ͷع鱾壬ǰһ㵵ĻƽԪ
ô£㾹ȻħӰ죿ΪλûħƽԪ΢˵Ƿʣ
ʱһճ֣ŽһӰǰˡ
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ٶʮ ˽
ƽԪæˣǰѾǳһɽ
ħޣӲ˵ֻԲ֣һ̣ӿ֣ɢȥһɽһϰٱһɽͬâٴȥһʱ佣ҫ塣Χʯľһ֮ն顣
ƽԪˡ
΢˿̳׻ָϸ鿴ԼϵƻڣȻ𼫴󣬵ȴõĻɢ
ȻԼ֮ǰ׼ã΢֪õǻƽԪ˵ħ֡
ǻƽԪħ֣ԼǺڱؾۡ
ôûͺãԼҲ֪ͨɳʣµ飬ԼΪûӲˣ뿪Ƿ֮صĺá
뵽΢̺󳷡
ƽԪ΢ҪߣʩչһƤħץ˹΢ܴǱֵܵ
ǰ˼״̧һ˦һʮɴСľ޽Ƥħնϡ
΢ǾȻûб飿ǰɨ΢һۣ΢ϳȻоҲ֪ڲ˵ʱ漴ֵɳƷħɹξٺɽٶܣϢаħԸ
΢˵ãȻǼӡ
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һĶ֮ͿԻɽӣǰһСǬǰħײ
Уǽ⽣꣬Ѿҡҡ׹ҩ岻ϱѣ΢æɽ壬һֱ֮Żͷ鿴
ȻǰȴɲǻƽԪĶ֡Ҳ֮У΢˵ʵҲͺֺ«൱
˿ѾǱħƵĽڽڰˡ
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˽٣˿޴ƣЦһٿƽԪɫ䣬޴İħ˿̧ͷ죬Ҫ赲µһֻƣжͱѹ֮µľķ顣
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һΣ˶΢мӣǰĵˣ΢ҲûκԹԣŵֻϣ΢ƽ£˭֪⼸ǲܵġ
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λǽΧɳϹ٣һȥӭϹ٣΢ʱ˵ŷӦҩɽΣħͷߣȻӦȥӭɳϹ٣вħޣҲҪһ
ΣǶ΢ǰ棬ʣһҩɽΣ΢ӹΰ΢Ǳɣ΢βϧðΣͨɳһݹͣҩɽܼ
ҵǰˣ֪ɳ۹ͣ΢Ȼ٣Ϊշ屳ɳҩɽٵλӿȱпһҩɽپ΢
ʱһ£һֳֳꪣ׵ɽ֣ɨһ΢ˣҲǿ˲ħޣΪλ΢ִˣ


ٶʮ µΣ
ҩɽΣѳȴҲͿ̿ȫȻû֮ǰ˼ɾȫǿήֲɿݵĺǣ˲
΢紵ûһɷҷ֮㣬ֻŨҵĶ͸ǲк紵Ҳɢ
΢ŵʯͷûԭܼ򵥣ǸĻƽԪȻԼ嵱һħ֡
ħһ£ͬմȾҩεһ㣬ܻȻħ޵ħҲô׾ͻµģħޱҲһָҲħ޶ħ֡
ħ޵飬΢֪٣ϾɳϽ֮ħޣֻ֮һЩطŻħ޻
΢ڵ鷳һ֪Լħ֣Իᱻץ̽ʱԼ˵ʲôҲûãɳԴħޣɱ޷šΪˣ΢ŷ˵ʵ뷨
˵ԼǱǻƽԪǿħҲûħɳ⣬пǽԼ
ðգֻء
΢ȥΪˣһ̽Լеħ֣Ǿ鷳ˡľħѹƣ΢ѾħĻһ۾Ϳˡ
Щ飬΢ϻչ¶ֺһ뷨ӽԼ֮Ϊûԭ
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˿̣ҩǰѾĿ꣬ϻѪ⣬󲿷ֵطѾɾ
ǰվʮɱɽףֱֳУơ֮⣬мλɹ٣֮ǰ΢ǸԳƳħɹٵİξٺɽһλ뷢԰׵ɣһֳֻǹ꣬Լһλɫɺ׳ۣ׷ͯյһˡ
ҿԿ˶λΪ
΢һɨĿɿڴΪڳһЩɱ֮⣬ʣµģȫ˾硣
ξٺɽͲ˵ˣͷ߲ʻǱһλɣһλɡ֪ս֮ͬ£սǿʹӸոպͻƽԪ֪ξٺɽϾֺ«ھϣӦñξٺɽҪֺ«ͺѵֵƽԪգΪɵξٺɽȴǿԺͻƽԪôʱ䡣
뵽ֺ«΢Щɫ¶ģлᣬȻǻƽԪУһ
£ǰ·λɽǰλˣҩɽִ˺ҴɹѾ
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£ǼɹĿⶼɨ˹ȥ΢æͷղſ뷢԰׵ҲΪλֳֻǹ꾹ȻΪͷ߲ʻǣһöӡʵǿֲ΢ͷһοͷǻˡ
ͷģһ˫۾ҲлգΪƺһۿȥһ㡣
λˣȻȥʮͨɶԷ껹ͷ߲ʻоȻöӡһʵ飬ǳԽɵĴڣӦû򲻵˵ľ硣
ȻλƳ˷ӡǽƽԪŵĶӵ˲ڳ
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棬ҵˡʷҲһҲֻǼǾƷɹ٣ʸֻվں档
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£ɿ΢ҲһЩһɵ꣬ϴͥĵǻ𣬿Ϊλţ
΢֪˻һ㣬Ѿ˳׼û˵ҵ΢
һͲҪˡʷҲ׷˵ȴΪǿɹٻ΢Ȼޡ
΢Ʒʱ˭˻΢ȻǺܲˡ
λˣִΪҩɽԸңһӹɣȴΪǰ٣Ϊߣʮȹ̣һҩ˱֮ԲŽҴ
ᵽҩ飬Ҳҵ˲²ģ֮ǰ΢޽벻ô£ȴǲ²ҩǺпܵġҩֶκܸߣп԰΢ȹǵҩ
ҪǣһеǾỳ΢˻΢
һüͷ΢΢һ壬ˣǻȻٿ棬ŰİǵΪȻԿ࣬ҩ顣
ϷˣִĪҪ֣Ϊ±Ҳ㣬ҲʣڽˣôԺҲʣֻǣϣִ˽Ľı֮д֤˵óĻ˲١


ٶʮ չ
ִˣ뽫龭ϸ˵⼸λˣԺһҲǽһʱ˵ȻΪ˽ľ
ѯʣΪ˷ֹѡ
Щ΢⣬Խ֪ľ˳ԼѰٵշͻƽԪҪҩɽԭԭһ飬ȻǸ˵˵˵ģԲἰ䡣
ҵ˵Ҳֱѯһ飬ÿһҩūԿɳµӳ̶ȡ
̵Уɹٽ٣΢Ҳ֪ѾòԼˣҩɽ̯ӣ˻ʰҲţɳɹʵͬҲͬɹԽԽ࣬΢ܿԼħ֣Թӣ
ҪȻõɳϹٵϾ΢Ա֪֮ͨɳѾˣܲɢѾ漣ٱֵ£ǲŽ֣΢˿ֳ̱ҡҡ׹ҲǸһЩɻ

ʩչ˱֮νĸĽǿỹ壬ôܺ
΢˷ҩɽѣӹΰȥϢɣһЩҩȥãԹǡξٺɽݸ΢һƿҩЦ˵
˵ʵ΢кøУһ΢ƴԱ֪֮ͨɳݾϺֵþ壬֮⣬΢˭ˣɽߣ˵֮ǰ޽֮ƽʶһλŮɣͲֹһο佱΢ġפԣ˵΢ǲɶõš
ûš
Ҳֻ΢ҲвŻǣ¡ҩɽ˵˵ҩɽѣħ޵ı΢ڴƴ֪ͨɳǺԲ롣
΢˵ĿԸĽ֮˻ɣξٺɽȴûлɣдɽĴӣδزܸĽ֮
΢ܸܵξٺɽ⣬Ȼ֪Ϊλɢų⣬΢϶Ҫš
лξٴ˴ҩ΢˫ֽӹҩǹʱ΢оûйװӣһΣȴо˷סξٺɽ
ȥϢɡξٺɽ˵Ǳߣҵ߹ҵ΢Ѿ٣ִȥҽ
ҵ΢ѾǻΪѣȻǲǾ߶ˡ
˵Ļִҵ˵ЩƲˣҵͰ˽΢һ·̨ҩ԰ȻҲưܲҩﱻ٣ӻãϢˡ
΢һȥģȻаͰ
ѣҩͬһ⣬˿ǽ΢Ψһˣ˵΢ģģ˭ߡ
ʷ㣬ҲŵԣɳлɱԩİӣⰸӵʹȻշ壬ӷʷ֮⣬ɳ˾ļɹ٣˵ǣܴΪ£ʷѾߡ
̨ҩ԰ȻҪ̫࣬ҵԼƽڳ΢ãǽص鵤ҩ˳
ִˣͰڴˣ֪Ǽѻָģ֮˶Ƿһ飬㻹ҪʲôԺ˵ҵ̬ϣ˵Ӧ΢룬Ҫֽҡ
΢֪Լ֮ǰĽȻɲܴһЩ˵Ļɣ̽Լ꣬Ǻܷܿħ֣΢뷨ڴ֮ǰħ󻼡
˲ٻԼҪó㹻˵˵֤ݡ
΢㽫ԼĽı֮д΢ģΪ˱֮΢֪ԸһϾλǰҲڱ֮󻹻š
΢Թһˣ־ȻϸĽ֮΢а˳ϵİա
ʱ䣬΢ͱչˡ
ȻͰ΢Ҫź΢ȴǲ뿪΢ҽôһҩ棬΢ҲŲģҲá
ҵıչҺܺã󷨣ҲĶҩʯС΢뷨޸ѺۣȻ뷨ħ֡
֮⣬ǿʼдĽı֮
һʱǷɿ죬֪УȻǹȥһ£ʱ䣬Ȼû˴΢
һʱ䣬΢Ҳջ࣬ξٺɽĵҩΪЧϾ˼ǰƷħɹ٣ݸ߹кöġЩҩ޸˵൱Ч΢֮ǰΪ֮ĹΪЩҩҲǻָ˹
ˣ΢һħֵķӡ
ǽľõҩ֮Լ֮׳ԼĻ굤Ȼħֲ굤С


ʮ Ͻ
һħּһڻһϣҪ̽ѶȾͻ󡣲΢Ҳⷨα겻αİ취ǽħֻ΢ڵΪʵľԼ类ħָ̡ˣħ
ڸĽı֮΢Ҳ޸֮ˣȻֻҳݣ֣ȴǧ΢Լ֤һȷûκ֮ŷôһݱĽ֮ӦǿԽˡ
Ψһ鷳ǿܻһЩʿϾ΢ı֮˾޴߸΢Щκʱ򣬴º͸ĽķУи˽ܡ
ӣһкܶҪ㣬˵˸סˣ˵Ҫ޸κδš⣬˵ɳξٺɽץסһɳѾħɹ٣ϲٹվҪѺնħ̨ڴնʱһ齲΢һżƷ಻ʯ
ҩԵĶкøУСһϲʯִ˲ƣҲ΢ϲġ٣Ѿ߳ʧȥүүֺ«ı˵Уһʼޡ
ʱȥˣ΢֪ԼضѾˣǱֻ̽ʵʵ˵ͿɳϹܲԼˡ
߳չң΢ȸоħͶɢˣȻûлָҩɽԣĳ̶ȣһ֮ǰҪǿ̫ࡣ
漸ҩū΢ǰȥͨҵһҵˡ
̨ҩ԰ҵ鷿ڣҵ΢һݲ裬Ȼһ
ҩɽյʧ̫ˣҩɽݣޣԼ˶˵ɳϹڿҪҪ׷ҩɽҵһ仰΢һ
ҩɽ
˳Ծϸһ룬ƺҲ֮Сԭܼ򵥣ҩɽһνѣǺ֮صĻԻͣҩɽܵ޴ƻɽеȡһգѾһϵء
ȻҪؽҩɽҲɳɵֶκֻܶ࣬ҪѾ޴Ĵ۶ѡ
΢һڲ裬Ȼҩɽǳ׻ЩħɳΪʿϧؽҩɽǽЩħǱɴܵģһɳʤȻʤȻòŲϧ֤ҫ
ҵҲǿЦŵͷһȻҲվɳĽǶȣôȻϾڵҩɽȫޣһʴħؽĴ̫ѡطٴҩɽѵĴ۶ô
˵ʵ΢ҵԼҩɽҴɹٶйϵΪҩɽĹ٣ҩɽˣǵİþͳ⡣
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΢ͷ°Ѿ߹Ƿϲ̵ʱ΢ȻҪȥġ
һ£ɳο϶빦νִ㣬ù󣬲Ҳ˵һЩ㣬Ǳ֮˵£ǲʩչܻ֮ŵ飬˻˵˵ҵ˿ջ
˵ʲô΢һ䡣
˵˵пħͬȻôûһ̫ɶѾͰһ࣬Ҫ˵˵Ļ쵰ҵһŭ΢ʲôˣô£Ǳ˭˿˾Ȼ΢Ȼ
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ξٴ˻𣿡΢һ䡣
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ڵҩɽȥͺѰɽһͨ硣
΢˽ξٺɽΪһҩɽɳϹ٣Ȼǳ֮һ̽Ƿϲҩɽһ֮ץġ
΢ξٺɽǽ֣ԼĽı֮ȥ
ξٺɽ˿̿΢дļҳ⣬ûüݣǱ΢һָסˡ
һӦ磬ξٺɽҲǶ˳鷨Ҳõó֣Ͼǽɣʱ򣬻鷨ںһνǡʹʹʣīƷǣʳЦ


ʮһ ϳҩɽ
ξٺɽһ֣Խ֤ɾ֮ͬҲһλ鷨֣ñ罣໥ӳ۽Ǽߵġ
˵ǾǺöʶ
Ϊˣξٺɽ΢鷨мӣԽԽúãԽԽ˲ʥԺһЩʥд֣΢ֶ˺ܶ࣬ξٺɽðһͷҪָռΪУûȥúġ
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ݣξٺɽҲüе벻ǣҪʥԺ͵Ժ˵㡣
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ξٺɽȥ̻֮Ѽʱƪ¼һ飬Ѿǲף΢ĻǲһЩ
Ž¼ĹʥԺ͵Ժ֤
΢ڷ̨ҩ԰һʱ䡣ڼ䣬΢ҵֺ«ڵĶȥ΢ǸطѾݣȻѾƽԪˡ
֮⣬΢һὫߵ˻
˷΢ѣ˵ȫƾߵҲ΢һ
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˵ʵ΢ûۼֺ«лЩţϾֺ«ңǼΪĹǻƽԪֻҪֺ«Ը⣬ǿȡ硣
΢ĵﲻֺ«ˣĳһ죬ֺ«ͻȻ֣ǰһ
΢ң澭΢֪ŹһƽԪĻֶֻѡ
ͬʱɽһĴ֮ڣɹڳǰ漸ΰӰ㱨ҩɽ
λϹ٣ҩɽˣξϣλϹʾ£˵λ΢ˣλƷħɹ٣ʵ֮ϣ֮£Ҳɽһˡ
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ȻǺպˣǰǼߴΰӰǰȴǱϹϾΪǼλΪ
ɵУҪɣ֤ҪɣϵҪΪˣֻзһ;֤мΣɾͺϵ߸٣ڷˣǸǷëǡ
ɽ磬㲻ɹ٣һλҲ˸ǵĴڣɳɷɽ統У˵ˣǺϵɣһһܵɳļ㰲һɹٹλΪˣɳ֮λͳ硣
˿Ǽλ죬ֻͶӰ޴Ӱڿ˵ˡ
һλ麣֣γ㣬ɣҩɽǷᡣ
£λ麣ֵȴ̾˿ҩɽ˷ħͷȻûɹȴҲҩɽĿ꣬٣ҵʱִٴԽ֣˵Ѿʵһƻǽҩɽɽµĸ飬ҩɽȷѾûбҪٴˣһɳҲû˶棬ǲеĴҡ
Ȼλ麣˵˼ѾԣǾǷҩɽ
λ˶û˵ǱѾ׸ˣǱ㰴չ麣˵˼죬Դ˷й֮˵Ľ֪ͣλʲôʾ£
ôôôһ䣬Ǽλʧ١
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˵λ룬ͻȻðһͷ֪ṳ̂˽ˣ˷͵һȥɡħ޾ȻҵԪһƣ˵ͨˣ쳽壬˲ּһѵ
˵꣬һΣʧ١

ɳҩɽϢѾˣҩɽ鶼ЩͳΪҩɽ֮٣ȻǸ˲ǽȥδӶǼΪã


ʮ 
Щҩū͹¿˵ǲǲɹ٣ҩɽһϣǳ뿪֮⣬ûеڶ·ˡ뵽Ѵ۽ҩɽڻһΣֵֵ֪Щ˱˵ġ
٣½硣
֪΢ڵõϢ֮û˵ʲôŰҩɽշޱȣ˿ȴǵĵط
뿪ҩɽһҴͣͷ΢Ľء
ͼǰȣĽ࣬Ͼһܵǣ̫࣬꾭ӪѪҲǸ֧˭ܵĴܻҲǲеĴˡ
ļĽصִˣѾõϢҩɽӴ˽ڣȻҲͽˡ
ĽЩû䣬Ļв˼Ǿ˵ǰﲻ΢ʲôæˡ
΢ЦЦû˵ΪҲҲˣ룬ǵһлΪ֮ǰĽҲȷǰһЩæ
ɽˮִˣأˣ
Ľһ뿪ҩɽϲķˣвҩūȵ뿪֮ҩɽǿˣֻʣǼɹ١΢õϢɳѾ˰ҵͰǵĴ㣬߰ŵµҩ԰Уֱӵɳš
˵ҵͰ˵Ǹˣǹټûб仯˵ĶһЩţӦɳһֽ΢Լɳûнµ΢ɴ߶ľȵˣҲûȥѯʡ
գ΢ҵһɽնħ̨̣ڴնħķϲ֮ҵҲȥ֮ΣҲ˵֮ҩɽֻʣ΢ˣڻаͰš
ǻȥɣ΢һ԰ԴոתͺȻԼ󣬲֪ʱһߡ
ͷòûһ˿һĲͬһͨˣ΢ȴһ˲ʮֵע⣬ָһ˿ѾǷɳʱԷ
ԼΪϢĿԼ֮ңĵطôͨˣ
Ҳǿͷһ˫۾Щɫ΢Ĵȶں棬ֻ̽Թ͵͵
ͷ۾ʼնǶŰдЩɫӲûʲô⡣
΢Ҫѯʣͷƺ֪΢ҪʲôһȳڵλСѣûж⣬Ҳ䱸˷ҹʵΣκˣСҩȴʮϲΪ͵λҩǻһ꣬ѧɡ
ͷ˵ƽһ㣬ȴһֲΥƣƺ˵ĻҾԲɡ
һƼΪǿǿ΢Ҫɺ;ܾ޷˵ȥ
΢ҧһεƿ⣬ҪܾҪʣߣɴǲ뱻һѹȥ
ǣ΢ȲͷҲҡͷֻǿ֧ţƬʱ䣬΢Ѿǻ󺹣ҡҡ׹ĿǰеֶζȥƺҲֵסߵһ仰
磡о΢ֺСһֱץ΢
Ƭ֮΢ѾǵֵסоԼԭԼ޸Ѻ±ƺôӲȥ̾ͻɢ
΢ûкˣʵһˣȻҲߵ̶ֳȣ֮⣬΢ܾǿͷ֮޵ѹ΢ƫƫˣ΢ѾȷͷʵǿףԼۿȥֻܿͷһƬ硣΢ûз䡣ã΢Щѣʱͷơ
΢ںȻͨһڵϣɫ԰ף겻ȡ
ʲôԸ񣿡ͷҡͷ˵ƺ΢־ٶʮֲ⣬־޴
ʱ΢ҧֵǰ˵һĪĻ߰ˡҲܴӦ
ͷ΢ãҡͷ˵ҩʶʵΪ˱ɿǳ֣˵һа֪ҩڣ̾ͻӵܱãһħޣΣ
΢ſڻ˵ʲôȴͷͻȻɫһһ˿ŭɫСӣ´ӲҪͱ˽ʲô˵ЩѾ
΢ǿһЦȻһ۰Ťͷǰ˵ɺ֣ܳǰԴ߰
˵꣬΢תȥ£Ű˵˼仰ЩԸ⣬Ҫ۴ޣ΢ȴװǲ磬ԺͲҪңȥѧñ£үүֺ«Ǽһﱨ𡣡
΢ס˰ۿᣬ˵ͷ


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ȥɣ΢ԴȻһ̾ߡ
磬ȵңߣۣҪ
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֮ԽˣΪ΢Ų³ʲôˡ
Էɽһˡ
ֻзˣɱԼۣ˵ֻ˵һ仰ԼԵֿһٴα
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̾һ΢վڷ̨ҩ԰һϣϦ£ҲȥûпԼ굤֮ڵħ֡
ԼѾް취Ϳˡ
֪˶ã΢ڽԼΪǻþܿ죬΢ˡ̧ͷһȻӿзһ˽ԼĻ
΢־ϲ֪ô£ǰ麣үүҪߣ㣬ȻҲߣֲң͸һҩר磬ԺһҪһҪ
ֺ߬һĵҩȴһ΢֤Žҩ΢
ǰˣ磬ǵãһһͷһ£ʧ١
΢֪λ˵ֶΣȻЩ˶ǲƣƢŹ֮֡⣬΢ٿȷλûзԼڵħ֣֮ǰֶЧˡ
ȻҲֻǶԷû̽飬һԷǰ̽飬϶Է
ڰöҩλ˴߰һ㲹ɡ
΢ͷһȴƤһ
Ȼҩɽ֮٣Ե漰ɼˣ΢Ҳ֪ҩƷͬһöҩɢҩΧȻӿõ֮߱ܣнƣͿƷ࣬Ƕҩһࡣ
֮⣬ⵤҩϱ죬ǽɫ⣬ź֮
⾿ʲôҩ΢ԼӦʣҲ룬Ȼλ麣˸ģӦòẦԼȻҪɱԼᴵͽˡ
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Ϊնħ̨֮ҵͰ˾Ҫ뿪ҩɽȥطΣһҹǶһ̨ҩ԰
˿̣ҩɽеū¶Ѿ뿪ҩɽֻʣԼųɺͽ졣
˿̶ųɺͽһźλˣ΢Ҳ뿪ҩɽֻǶųɺͽ첢Ը⣬ֻ£΢ȻǡԼߵˣ΢ǲģΪĵû΢ҾǸŰ˺ҵһߣΪгΪɹٵĿܡ
ǽ죬һҽ뻯޽֮ĴҲ˲ţӦñû
ΪյĴ΢ųɺͽȾƣһԡȾƣһЩ̸
ʱգִҩɽҲа˸ˣȻҲֻ̣֮ǰշѹҲҺִʲô˷̸ִ˵ѧʶƽ簡˺һƣ̾ӸոյĽ̸˵΢˵һΪ̾
֮ǰǹϣ룬ǵձ壬ҲȻҾִһҵԼȸΪ
΢һЦǰֽԳɹҲգֻҩɽ֮ʱҩɽεȷپ󣬴˷ȴįꡣ
΢˵ʵ˺ҵһҲҡͷ̾ϢǶųɺͽҲǸͬܣͷ
һЩ֮ˣҲֻ˾磬ȴ˱ġ˵޴Ȼ˵ҩɽִֻģʵǻҵ뵽ʲôɫŭ
΢Цҵ˵ЩԼֺγ֪˵ɳٳѾһִԣ˵΢ɨǣǣܻ֮鷢
ϸһ룬΢Σҩɽȷˣ˾Լȥ˲£ϵµٶ΢ҩɽһ꣬ҩɽͳ⸱ģ˾ҩɽֱǲֵһᡣ


ʮ նħ̨
ȷˣǰ̫񻰣ҩɽ飬ħ޺շ壬ôִֵܹͷϣֱǲ֪νҿΪִ֮ǰļ޽֮жԱ֮ĸĽһЩˣڹ㡣Ҳ˵
ᵽ޽֮ΪţϾҲ֪ɳٳԴΪ΢пʷ˵΢治ϸ˵ȡ컯
ĸǼ޽عƷʥ˵İ΢ˡ
Ҳ΢죬ͱץնˡ
κδ£ܵĵӺżȻǶ΢мޱȡ
ڸĶ˱֮ŭ˲ˣ˵Щ˶΢Ǵʷ˵ʥ֮ߵǧ˵ĵز
Ȼⶼǲ˵̬ȣ̬ȣ΢类ץˡΪ£΢Ӱ˺ҵв֪ɳˮҲ൱൱룬ɳ֮ϵ΢ϵҪΪũ͡ǰ߳ũ֮΢޽֮ǲһȴһȺˣȻΪ΢ԸĶϹʥı֮ȻǱǵжд̡
Щ˶Ҳִ֧˵ϵ²ȥǾͺá˵󣬿ο΢һ䣬΢˵ͷȷЩɣ޽֮Ѿ˼޽Ϊõ֤ݣǰ˵ʲô˵ʲôڸĽ˱֮Ȼ滹ûи趨ۣ΢ԼǺĵġ
ҹ֮󣬼ɢȥ˵ڶ峿רŵĽɹٴ˽ɽ磬ֱӸնħ̨
˵΢Ǽ˶ͼľƷɹ٣ûʸȥ̵ģΪǶҩɽ֮٣漰ҩɽԲǰ
΢ǵڶɽ磬ǰң澭ֻǲܴٿ˺ҵҲˣ˻һЦ
ǰһĸ̨޽һ׵±ϣܶǺɫʯÿһзǣǴݲǽɹٽ΢˴һնħ̨һξĵطλڴ˹̰ɣ˴նħ̨䲻֪նɱ˶ħͷԹλвߣȵ̽ٴλ뿪
΢Ȼлλ١
ȵ뿪˽´ŷնħ̨λģһӴޱȵԹԽնħ̨ԹԽء
նħ̨Ҳ֮ң΢ȥԿնħ̨һ޴ĺɫʯѪ߰ߣѾʯԭʵڵѪ֪˶٣ΧһƬطȻɺںɫɢŴ̱ǵĳζ
ΧѾвǰ̵ˣȻ΢˻Ƿʿ磬ԵļΪͻأ
ʱƣԽԽ࣬еɷģɱΣֻܿԷһƬ磬С
Щ˵Ϊиеͣ΢һЩαɡναɣǸոճɣ֤ȣҪһȹɵˡ
Ҳвǰǵδضɳɹ٣ɽŵĵҲ̡
Щˣ΢λǺõˡ
ԼĪһʱвɹ٣΢ξٺɽҲС
ξٺɽλǳħɹ٣Ʒһ࣬ħɹɳкܶ࣬Ѳɽ磬ԳħΪΡ
󣬾ͼвɱɽѺ̷΢ɨһۣǷϲ
˿̷ϲͷɢȻɢħȴǱϱصţЩϱ鲼ģǷĶӳ˷ϲƿ˵ɼħ޶ƿ
ڷϲǾ֮ɫΪڶ̶ʱҲǼ죬΢һۿȥϲԭֻĿ󾳣ڣȻѾԴ󾳡
΢˵ħ֮ΪȻˡ
λˣǱշħģʵڲģλһ棬һϲ˿̴ģȥûᣬвͶȥ֮ɫ
ͷ޳ܣʱģֱҩɽ֮ܡʱŭҵҲһ䲻ϲߴһ㲽ɷˣȻħͼħ˿ȴģʵǡ
΢Ҳǵͷҵ˵ûҪôȻħһ·ߵڡϲȴһǽͷݣ޹ֺ˵ӡ
֪ˣ統ҩɽҲܱɳ׷⹦ܺùնħ̨
˿΢ɹٿշƯڿУܡ
ɨ֮£ڳ֮˶ֻʣǷϲĿͷ


ʮ һһ
ԣ
ɹٿϲһۣԶֳڣһĪǷϲ˵ͨԴ֮
֮ȻɵԾͿʩչʩչȻƸǿͬĳɺ꣬˵Ǹһһ֮䣬ܲưôꡣ
֮˵СɱԾһʩչһ仰ȿɶ
ɹϲ״õҲ֮ÿ˵һ˶Էϲ޾ͶһЩÿ˵һϲɫ͸Ӳ԰ף·Ǵ֮ѹķϲʹ಻ſڵϻ
ϲΪɹ٣ȴ˼Ըʶ䣬ɵǺҩɽɱݣˣ̣
˵꣬̾նħ
ɽ确顯һ壬һƤڣɣһնħħ䡣΢һۿȥЩۣǸоĿƿߡ

΢ƶħֵԵʣ΢նħȻľĸоǸո΢նħ˲䣬һѲ֪նɱ˶аħȻɢҫ۽⣬ǹҲЩԾô¡
գ΢Ƥʵϣ֮ڵħָողһܳȻǱնħŭҪ֮Կһ㡣ʱѹƣֳҪ¶ֳ֪֮һ¶ħ֣ն˷ϲڶնľԼ
΢ٲҿ̨ϣǹֺ̨ϼɹȻնħɻѣҲûж룬ֻΪնħǱոշϲ״ŭŻų⡣
֮䣬ϲͷأ
뿪նħ̨΢Ϊûˣλٻǻҩɽû뵽ȴǱһ԰֮⡣
˱˴ͼǰˣǴҩɽ֮µļɹ١
ξٺɽȻҲڣǸ꣬ԼǸˡ
˼æǰ
΢Ѿ֪ǷҲλƷħɹ٣飬ʵξٺɽҪˣƷħ٣ڣΪ
򵥻֮ɫ˷ˣһҪ֤ʵ
뽲΢˶һۣæ˵
Ϯҩɽˣǿ֪Ǻˣڴ˿̶΢ʵ۾΢У׽뷨
һ£΢Ϊʲôˡ
Ϊ
΢֮ǰϱɳģûйἰֻ˵һħޡǹ֪Ǻˣ΢˼ת֪ʱ˵ҪһˣһǱǸɸ϶ưոݣԼò
ҵͰȻ϶ħޣǵ˵ʮֿ϶΢룬λˣʱħǰֱӶ֣ħҵҩ԰ʱ˶ԷҲǴʼմſڵĿĶ񣬿ԷģԷħ޵Ӧӹɣ¹ȴǾЩϤҲԡ
˵΢ͣһ£˿漸˵ķӦ
ޱ飬ѹ֪ôģˣϺеϺ꣬ˣź֮ɫһô˵ı飬ξٺɽɫһҲǴһ˿ѡ
΢ףǰٷְ֪ˣҶȻ֪Լ֮ĹڣԼ˵ʶˣԷĻɡ
̽Լ
޷ʲôʲô²⾡˵һҪ֤滰ʱ˵һ£Щ죬ҵͰҲ⣬ҶԶ
΢ͨؼŵ¹Դ̤ɳٳӵʱڶң͵Ϯħޣһҡ˽ȻûпĿħõķȴķһ޶
ǲǴͻȻȡһﵣݸ΢
΢һϳ֮ⷨ
ȻⷨﵷѰȻѾɢڵ֪
ڿǳ֮ⷨϡ
΢ȡװģĿ˿Ȼ󻹸ڣʵΣõǲﵡ
΢ͷ¹پúӦﵡ
ô˵ħӦþඣѯ΢
ֻ˵Ժܴ¹Ϊа˳ɿܣֻ¹ûۼԷĿԲԡ΢һʼ˵ǣ˵ˮ©
΢ע⵽Ǳξٺɽ˿ϻָЦݣҲǽĿԼƿ
˵Ҳ˵ͨ΢ˣж˽⣬ģڽջأһ䡣


ʮ ˳
΢ûзɾ裬ּ˶ԻвͻȦףɫ߾ŵӣΪ¹޵ɵɵޣҲɵΪصĹؼ˽Ϊ¹һݹعĲͼǴһҰ˵ȡãΪ˶ͼмγͻ
΢㵽Ϊֹɸȴֻδᡣ
Ϊ΢֪ԷݣóȻ˵к棬Ϊɸпɳһλɼ߹٣пڣֻˣûȷԷ֮ǰκɾɹٶпǡ˵ֻ鷳㵽ΪֹãΪ΢϶ԷὫϴηԼ׽˵һԼ˵á
֪ˣ˵꣬Ȼѵõ¶һ˿ЦݣҾͿȽԭɵֲá˵Ҳǰһʿ޳ɣ˵лݼˣ컯úðա
ˣ
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΢һ񣬵л㣡
Ǻòһɽ磬ͺúһɣԺΪҲҪиȡ֤ɡһȥǶȴһԣֻɨ΢һۣҲǻһʧ١
֮
΢Ƥһⶼ˲ã΢ңġңƪл֮Ȼֺ֮«ҲֻǬңƪеġС򲻵֮ľ硣
ٿξٺɽҲǿףΪϳͬ˺ɹ١
ʣħɹڸħ˾ɹٹȻսȺϾǵְնħ
˿ֻ̣ʣξٺɽλɺ΢ϵѾ죬΢Ȼࡣ
΢ҪСһЩѾȷ˵Ǹħ޾ֻûʲôΪûһְٰ˵ĺ̨ܲǣ֪ɳ乬٣Ʒɹٳ˳Ƴɣ۷徳磬ɳ󣬾˵ѾչأҪҪɾ֮ξٺɽʱ߹С˵΢һĿɿڴ
Կ϶ɸ
ȻԷΪҲƷɹ٣λߣٲڲǿ
ǲ֪ǡ乬Ǹʲôط
ƺ΢ɻξٺɽɳ乬䱦ĵطԵһֿ߲رݣΪˣ˵ҵ׷񣬲֪ɹҪͽȻ󡣡
ξٺɽô˵Ȼ΢СΪϣȥϮɱ΢˵ǳУƫƫˣ𣬳ܻܿﵽ΢ͷϣԳҪԸ΢˵Ѵ֮
΢ΣΪɸǳԷ֮ǰѾԼˡ
Լ֮ԱҩɽǰǳͣȻˣ鶼Ѿˣкáǰǲ֪˭ڶԸԼ֪ˣȻǱǰǿˡ
ξٺɽ˵ⷬȷǰæ΢ȻǸж¡
ڼ䣬ԱҵͰ˶岻ϻξٺɽֺ΢˵һŰһħ˾Ĺ´΢һ֮ǰ΢˵ǸĽı֤֮ûн΢ٶһʱա
ξٺɽˣҵͰŷһλϹһԣȻʮֽţһ΢Ҫǿܶࡣ
һɽ粻ͬǿɵһɽķ羰ˣϾϴ΢ֻٵģΣѾ˾޴ı仯Σɹ١
һļ𣬵λȷ˺ܶࡣ
΢˵ǳħ˾һ£ɼǹ£Ҳαɾ磬ɽɽ磬ɹ٣Ҳ󲿷ֶˣ΢ģҲɹ٣˽ְ
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ԣ΢˵Ϊܲ΢ڲش󾳣¹αɣ΢ʮֹ
Ȼܵɹ٣˭ûЯգң˵΢٣ʱϵŪˣ˵ͿԳΪԼĹˡ
Ϊˣ¹Ż˹
λˣɽ缫Ϊо֮˵ڵǳ죬Ǿ֮һⳤҲǹޱȣ˵˷Уɵ÷һ¡
΢զ࣬ǵȷǹ


ʮ ѩ
ɽҲк֮ܶأξ͵Ĳɽһɣ羰ɽҲһʤ֮ء¹˵΢ȻûһͻȥȥĶС
һ¹αʩչ֮΢һɽ
ɽȷ󣬵ɽҲһʱ䣬΢ץʱϥһΪǺõģҪǰɽһˡ·ϣῴһɹ˳˸ɴɫķţٶȶǼ졣
Զԣ¹ٶȾѷɫ࣬Ͼֻαɶѡ
һЩʤ֮أ¹ὲһ
ǰǲɽ˵˴Ϲһλ˷֮أ껷߲ƣɽޣл԰ٲˮʯǰʫԣһЩͻ档
¹һ߽⣬һ߿ƽ·ɽ
΢ҵͰҲˣһȻͬ¹˵˴һƬ߲֮£ɼϪٲŽأвѾ档
¹һط£˷ƣ˽飬Ŷʯ̳ɵɽ·ǰһ԰ȥ
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˵һ֮ˣҩ԰вġҵʱҲЦεɽ绨԰˵Ȼ˵ġ
óǶܷɣϾҩɽѾһ䣬쿪ʼĿʼ
˵ȷ۹⣬˴Ļ԰רŵ˸࣬˽Ʒ֣֮ʱ¹ʱҲЦ
΢Իо࣬Ҳ֪һЩ֪ʶǳĺܣȻ˼ڰǰˣ󵶣ɴֻ˵
˱˵߿Ƭ֮Ѿǽ뵽⻨԰֮ڡΧɫ涷ޣ֮䣬ҷ˱ǣУһܡ
ȻΧҲвɽǰɽʲôأ˭
ΧΪαɣҲɣ΢˴Ϣﲻ˾磬ҴĶǹ£֮Ҳ˰ۺӡ
΢˵ǲ⣬¹ЩаһȺֻһЩαɶѣʲôɵģȾƷɹ٣ǿǲ̫ࡣ
û˹£΢ȻҲ¡
ʱ΢̽ĿȥͿǰһ̳Χ˲ˡ
ȥƣҵϲ֣˹ȥ΢Ͱ˶һۣΪεĸȥ¹ȻǸһԡ
ȥһ֪ǼΪһ껨
һȥͲŮһ£ˣȴһ껨ܣ󣬶漸ˣһŭڤ˼롣
ԭǼԳĲ˫ʶ㣬ɽĻ԰֮˵Ƕ飬˴Ǿ֪κƷֵĻǶ˵һ
ǸŮɱ㲻ˬĻ֮һԴˣǾͺ⼸ɴģ˵ǲʲôϵáǼΪϣȻǾʹ˶ġ֮Ůɾȡôһ껨ܣüɱϡ
˵⼸ɵȷǱѧ֮ʿ˵ĲɼʶһģڣǾȻûһϵ껨ܵġ
ְ治䣬š
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Χ֮ҲвǱѧ֮ʿǿȥȻҲǲʶǻʲô죬ǵһμȻҲǺ棬ΧŲߣҪŮɹ𰸡
֣ǻܸ֣ô϶֪ʲôɣҵʱ˵һ䣬󣬵ȴ˶ˣŮɡ
üһ壬ܲ˵Ȼǻܸ֣Ǿ˵˵ɣ˵ͱ˵Լʲôܸ֡
Ŀ⼯ڰϣҲһʵˣһЩ񡣿ϰӣҵҲ֪ԼƺŪ飬ɫΡ
ûӣʱҲֻӲͷƤϸ鿴ǻܣԽԽľ춼ûп
ȻҲϲ˵á
ߣûʲô£˵󻰣ˣŮɱĵ˵һ䣬һ£˺ҵɫЩѿλŮ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
˵ǣ΢ҲЩˬ
Ϳ⻨ʲô·ˣȻ˵΢ܵѧʶжߣһǡɾ˵ֻܵĴڡ
ʵɫдɫգۣȻͨɫʮڻĻĵطȴѩף·ѩһ㣬ƽһ⾳
ԣ⻨ѩ


ʮ һ
ǲܵˣ⻨Ϊ
һ仨΢Ժһֻһ΢˵һƷ֣һԱȣоųɰͬһƷ֡΢маգΪѰ˱˼ҸСƣ΢ǰһһѩѣʲôϣ֣ǲ˼˵˵
˵꣬΢ѩаףΣҶۣѩɴ˵˻ΪѩԲԣ
ٿŮɣѾĿɿڴСţһĲš
ڳɿӣѾǲ³ʿӦ˵ˣмȥʿףƷѩ֡
Ůʱž㣬ô֪ģ
΢ҡͷȻûбҪش
֮ǰǼסʱˣŮ仰һڣͱǸʿˣǵЦԣѩ˵⻨Ҳûʲô˲һ仨ѣʲôá
⼸ɶǻǻ΢һüͷһ壬Ȼ⼸ƷԲôǽΧ˵ллͰˣȻԴһʱ䣬΢Щڶ¡ϰˣò¡
ŮҲһԸִ֣Ϸ˿̼ǼٶƣҲǻðɣʲôãǣѩģǼԳѧŽ֪Ǿ˵ɣ˵
һ£Ǽƻˣһſڽ֪࣬˿̾ǿ΢΢΢ЩˣҪߣʱһҩũĳˣãȻ컯һƷѡ
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˵˾΢Աߣ΢һ̷Ӧ
ٿѩ΢ȻǺëֱ֮ǰûע⣬⻨ĪǼ޽֮
пܣһԼûд޽֮ô£
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΢벻ͨԲŻ֣һҲֻż֪ѩܵ飬֪
룬ȷǳԼ޽֮
ʱŮɫЩÿﲻӭũˣ뿪
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Ǳ߼һ˽ΧǴϲǰֵԭũĵѣְ
ӦõģǳŤͷǻܵȻ컯аӦֱӻٵóȡ裬ʵڿЦ˵ãǰһа޽֮˵ķѣȻһЦ
ũЩԶԡ޽֮е⣬ԳԺǹ͹
Ůŭ޽֮Σǻûʸۡ
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ûû˵΢һȡ֮ˣ֮¶뾭ѵǾΪǼ޽֮˾ȻϹʥı֮˵ЦЦʲôһԼĵû֤ģ˶ǵķˣȻҲϹʥҪаףλӣִԲǿ޿ɾҩˡҲҡȣУ˶࣬࣬ǵǿӡ
ǡŮֱ£˵Ҳ˵ôˡʱһˣһһȺ۸һŮɣҪҪۼ޽֮ǸĽı֮ʥԺû˵ʲôԺҲû˵ʲôɶû˵ʲôĸ˶΢ļ޽ɹƷǼʲôҲ΢ĪǣΪԼǼλʥҪĲɸߣΪԼȵԺҪõΪɻͣ˵ĸ˽޽ɹƷ
˿ڲ˵ãñӿǽЩũ˵Ŀ֪࣬


ʮ 
ٿ⼸ˣŮɣһòޱȣȣ˵˸һȹ̬ߡ
΢Ҳ˹ȥȴһϳⲻλɽ
ֲûѵǼˣǼñ˵Լܵء
΢ЩжûпԼֳԼƽûаϡ
ЩũαһɫѿǵҲƱ֮ˣһתλӣɲҪ˵ʲôʱɹʥԺԺҶɲĸˣǹͰɣ΢ȡ裬ȻЩ£ҲֻǾ£ĪǼ޽֮ǸȻ֮컯Īϵı֮Ĩɱң֤׵ĳģνǽ޾壬Ҫļ䣬Ľ֮Ǿֳߵһ㣬˭ܷϣ
ĽŤתǹ㣬ŮɻЩ֪Ϊ޽֮ȷǸдԭȻ컯ΪȻǸܵѩֻܵġ֮Ҳһּң֤ףǳߵ겻ȻǴۿۡ
ΪԷ˵ļеŮɲ֪ô粵
ũһռϷ磬һǵһ˵ı顣
Ҳֱš
ִˣ⣬⣡һԣǰ˻ҵС˵Ҫ粵Ҳ֪ôڣΪʵ΢飬ȡ컯ıɱʵô˵Ҳһ
΢˿ȴޱ飬ºԼûϵҲˣֻǳЦԼҲûϵŮΪԼͱͻҲΪԼ磬Ǳѹȥ΢Ͳ΢ˡ
˵˭˭Ҳ˵ǷǺڰף˵΢ԼûǴģ΢ҲҪԷȥ
һͲˣ
΢һߣ䣬ǰһλǿ˵ҿ޲ͣǿʶˡ
һڣ˵Ŀ⡣
ܣܵܣ΢һ㶣ϲû뵽΢Ȼ΢ǰ񣺡壬Ϊ
΢˵ģ֮ǰ飬ȻȴЦŵʲôҵܵܣĸԸ
΢һ˵Ǳũ˲ˡ
ʲôˣһ˵֮ǰҲǽΧǹ⵷ңҲġ
˵Ȼ뿪ũ˸΢ĿѾ˵⡣
ɫǣ΢Կ΢ȴǻ벻⣬˵ͷֿһǱŮɡ
ŮҲǾ֣֮ǰǼ˵ѩΪַŶԷ˵
λν粻ʥԣ˵ģκ¶ҪסãǺ˵˵ǿʶλũѣһ䣬˵޽֮ȡȻ컯Ȼݻ֮ͬѩǲôĶҲǣ΢˱˿ɫȣʵ
΢һʣũȻͷȻĪҷϣ
ΪҪϣˡ΢һ˦䣬ʮֿ϶˵ǼũɫͣǱŮȴǲԡ
һ̣΢ͽŵũϹũ䣬ʥ䡣
û˵꣬Ǽũ˵⻹˵ũȻʥ䡣
ã΢͵һ䣬Ϸʣһ䣬ũ˵˳Ӧˡޣֻ߹ֲ֣ʯͷȻݻɣڼ֮֮㲩֮ػũ϶˵ڼݻ֮˳ӦȻģΪֶѩ˹á˻Щ޽֮һǴˡɡΪһӣļ޽֮ȡкβɣ֮컯׻ǹѭ̸ֺ£ũûиúжÿֻǳ˵޴˵ǿʶѵдԳũȴũף˵޴ѾǺܿˡ
ڼΪȻݻ֮飬ΪһӣǴ컯кβɡũУֻ˵Ȼ컯û˵ֻʩ컯
΢һ½ũĵũǰ˵Ŀ࣬޷ҲϸϸƷζеĵαɣԼߣ׾еĵǷ׷׵ͷ


ʮ 
һҪʣΪ鲻ΪȫΪ֤ףϧǣⱾûдܻ֤ףΪηǵʥֻ˵޾û˵ֻ־Ψһ˵𣿡΢ǰǼʵһͱ˵ļơ
Ǽɵ۾ѳζǣȴ޷
Ϊ΢˵ûǱʥ˵伮Уȷû˵־
΢֮ϹʥҾһ䣬λϹʥȻ֮ûб֤꣬˷˷ںν˷ںϹʥΪΪߣԱ󻹿¾ۻ꣬ϹʥˣΪʲôͷǵñƵȥ˵Ͳǲ׺ûаϵǺǰףǶħУƷԣ£Ϲʥʥ֮ԣʥʲôʱ˵Ƿֱƶڰǿ֮綨ģҪ˵ǲǣʥ֮ԣɶ񡣡
΢˵һ䣬ǰһǼһ䣬һһ΢˵࣬ȴ޴ӷ
˵úãһҲǷ׷׵ͷ
˵еũҿǼ΢ŻԣΪǧֲû޽֮˼ǧʥ飬Ʒʥԣȴһ㾫趼ûѧһɹٳȥȹȥȻвޣԲŻ򡣡һ̶˴˿˵һ乫
û
˵ˣʥԺ͵Ժû˵ʲôũʲôֱȡ谡
λСѧʶ㲩Ʊ磬˲𡣡
˿ʼ΢ũ˱˵ƿԣ֪һһȥ
ȻҲмƺģǰ΢մɸҸ֪
һɫƣũЩ䲻˼Ǵʲô

粻˼ʲôѵǴ㱨𣿡һԿȥǰ˵
̫񻰣翴Щһﲻ˳ˣżëһӲļһλС辪ţЩ鷳ǵһӦһŮҲŭ˵
ˣͲ˵Ůˣ˿̶վ΢ԡ
ũһʱЩﻢ£ôˣ̫ۣɲߣѵǿ
ǾԲУɽǽƶһأǺصġ
һαɴ˿ӲͷƤ΢ֻѣʲôµģ㲻˵󱲡
⻰˵꣬Ѿ˿ȥʱ΢лͷˣųŶ˵еģ˭ֺηˣұ΢
΢
ĸ΢
ĪǱ׫ɽдˡ޽֮˱֮Ǹ΢
϶Ҳֻд˲ȲŻͿڲš
ڳ˶۾һҵͰԺͬʱЩΣͬҩɽ֮٣ǿ˵֪ٿ˼΢ˣѾɽ֮Ĳֱ̫
ҲἵˣҩɽΣǶ˺ܶ飬ͷ֮ͨ󣬶ԺΪҲ洦
΢ȷڳˣûһû˵΢Ǳũαһţһ仰û˵
ɺ͹΢ۣ΢ˣǲ֪΢жپ޽֮ͱֻ֮ȡ裬Ǿʹ뿪Ҳʵڲġ
ǣЩΧζһᱨ΢
һߣһЩ˶΢мӣ΢ΪĲѧɹٵݣֵЩ׷
΢ǵ򵼵¹ʱ䵱΢ĻΪһЩŮɼΪ飬˵ɽѾ˽΢ľɶ˵˵΢Ĳ˫˰ǣҪȻôΪͯʥѣһŭ֮¾ܾɽʥ
㣬΢ԱߣһΪƯŮɺǺĶ΢ʵ
ŮԲҲò˵ǵ˵ͷ
ΪŮǺ꣬ͻ⺫͵ʥһ֣ʱ΢ġһԻܵĸ𷣡
ܵܣ㣬ԭǽܣ̽Եʵѹû߹ȥ΢̸
ҲգЦһ˷ǼŮɳ棬û뵽Ȥ飬˵ʵһᣬ΢֣һܺũԼϹϵ


ʮһ ʫ
Ҫ֪ϵɳٳҲǺģҰļȻһЩ΢һƷɹ٣ȻȲũ
ּǱũû뿪굱һơ
΢òӦΧˣʱ򿴵ǰͤǱͷܶ˹ȥҲǰЩˡ
ҵˡ¹Ҳһȥ
ԭǲʫᣡȻɽ֪¹Ҳ֪һֻ΢˲ԣһʲ֪Ϊʿǰɽÿ꣬ôһʫ
˿̣ǱѾΧ˲ˣɽмܻӭΪֻҪǶˣ֮У˵ı൱
ͤڣرߣеĸֶеҡȣƷʫ۵ʮַš
ҲŮɸ٣Ŀͤԣʫ䣬ɵһ
΢ҲͷһμʶɽʫᣬȻǾú棬˵ҲֻǿˡɽˣǱ˽νӿҪˣ֤ɣеĲ֤ɵ
֤ģǴ弶ĴڣĲȻ˵
΢˵УҵͰȻҲһЩ飬ȴԼǳ΢ȻĲߣֿԴˣҲ֡
Ǳ뿴£ȴ֪Щʫǳ
Ǳ߸ļŮɵУһһʣôˣ
ףոջأҿˣǱߣһŮָԶ˵Ǻ˹ǺЦ
ͤڣ˿һλ绪Ůɸ֮ò˳ޣ̬ȻЩ֮ɫ
޺յ˫ղɽ羰ƣ
Ȼ޺ӵټɽҲһģ֪ĸİٹϣ޺ӶǵһʦȻף
һһ˵ǽڳޣ֮ʡͿһ㣬֪λ޺ɽҲǼ͵λġ
ΪľգҲΪտټ
֮ڳɣԼΪ
ɽŮɣȻǱ˽Щӹ֬׷ǿ̫ˣҵС̾΢һҲһЦҵǰ޲òŮӣνŮӺϣҲ۷λ޺ӵò֮¡
˵ҵҲһմ΢Լλ޺ӣһ˿ʧŮɷϣȷǷͬСɡ
ŮҲƯˣλ޺ӣȴҲֻܸʰ·硣
λ޺һգЦλˣȻǡʫᣬ޺һӵשλѶһǶԵúã޺ٸһΣ
ôһ˵в˶Ц޺д⣬ҵԵӳ
룡
ΪвŻ˴˿Ҳ䣬Ȼ޺ӵܸȤϾܶԳ϶޺ӵķۣһܵһף˵Ǵӵ飬Ȼɶ롣
΢ҲҲ޺ӡ
޺ʱҵǡʫ̡
˵꣬㿴ܣΧҲʼм̾Ҫǰ˵ƺԼЩԣ˻ȥ
Щö԰һҡͷԵ˵ңʫָʫɣʫǡ硷š̡ɵģӦʫ̰ɣ
˵꣬˵޺û˵ȷʫˣšֳַˡš͡СšϵһĲ֣ͽСʫ̡Ծĵһʣͷöϸֵ֣øߵֱϵֻ˲Եϡ
ԭˣ޺ӹȻѧ˫벻ôҡͷʮ־ɥ
˵޺ȷס˲ˣһûȥ˵
ҵͰҲڤ˼룬Ŷһλ޺ӼסԼʵͬ뷨˲ҪʱڶҲס
ʱȺͻȻ˵ûʲôѵģֳһλӣ˱׫ɽԳƲѧ˫΢λ΢ӣԿԶԳΣֲӣ㻹ȥ
£һ㶣֪΢ģѯʣ΢֪΢ģҲ΢΢һ㶡
ũˣֱ޳ܣ˿ҲŭޱȣʣˣղųľũһˣǱƵ΢棬Ϊ۶϶ԲϣǶûʧˣֻ˵΢ЩŻԲϣǾǹһǿ϶˴¡
΢ֶܱǣȥνҲϾУǰô˵ô˵
ʱȴһ˵㣬΢ĵܵôȻǱѧ֮ʿһ


ʮ 
⻰ǲȻŭŤͷ̫֣꣬ΪҲҶԸ㣿
棬Ǻһ޹ı飬С㣬㷢ʲôֻĽ΢ĲѧǣԲ˵ɽʲôģҲдء
㣡ŭҪȴǱ΢ס
ǸŮǹˣ΢żϻ𣬶ҲûҪˣȻԷԼϳԼϡ
Ҫ˵΢ھ粻ȷˣҪ˵ѧ΢ǺΪķˣҲҶһ
һӶѣȻλС΢ԣҾͶһ΢һЦȻ˳һ΢
΢ģҲû˵΢ģ˿̶˽ʱ΢Ѿ
ǡʫ̡ҾͶԡǡ΢˵꣬һЩ˵۾һ
Եúá
Ķ̫ǣǺʫ໥ӳʵǶԵúãԵ
ǳ޺Ҳͷ
ȷǶԵĹãλֹӣұΪ㸧һ޺ЦҪ¸٣Ǳ߼ƻʧܣЩ߳ūũ˾˳
ֳϣũȻǲ˵ȴһǶˣ֮ǰ΢ڲ˵ã˵ʫϣȻ΢档
ղ΢棬˼֮΢棬ǾʹȰ΢ԡ
һ£ҲҲһӣ΢ҲҶԣңһС󱲣ղǶӣҲֻɶԵġһɴ˿̴
΢Цһ˻ûûˣԼʲôɾģ
ˣ԰ɣ΢ͶԷˣˣֻг״ǣǲŻʵ
СӲˣǡˮˮ塯ɡЦ˵
кѣҶԡ޺ɻ޽΢̾Ͷ˳ٶȿ쵽ǳ˶ûзӦ
ұ㲻ˣ΢ãɽɽáһ̾͵
΢Ҳػصˮˮ壡
컨촦
أ
һɰ˶࣬̾˶ϣ΢ԣɽɽɽɽǡ
΢һЦˮţˮˮûˮţ
Ӷɳˣŭɪ˴ϣ
˵꣬һ߰΢
΢һ䣺Сߣ
һ̣ŭ㣬ˣ
΢ȴǿǱũˣ𣿡
£ֻˡ
΢ĪҪżԶԣѻȺѩ̿һһʮֳȵ˵
΢룬Ҷԡԧϣ
һҲǰһԵúã⻰ɲ˵оԣֵѻ̤֦ѻ֦䣡
һѶȣ΢Ϊ˹ٵʱ򣬾;˶ԣ˿һЦɺ׹ֽঽ
һ̾˿΢˹֣˻һ£ļɾȻǲǰѳζǣ벻ʲôס΢΢һ˾ȻǶԵƿԣҲΧ˿񫡣
ʱǱһũĳ뵽ʲôȴЦһǰ΢ȷôֲŻﻹһӣܶϣ䣡
һ㶣˻˵ô϶һѵĶӡ
¶ũĳô˵̵Ǯȱ𣡡
˻
һǵһȷѶԣǮţеĽˮľպȱһȱ
ҪԣһҪкһ⾳ʱڵȷ벻
һʱɶ˼ģ޺Ҳһ壬Ǳסˡ
˷Ӧǳ˵ޱȣȻīˮûж٣һҩʱһɽֵʯϼģΪȤͼ֮Ҳ˶ԹȻס˲ˣʱ΢϶΢϶Բ
ʹӸղ˵˵ķӦ֪ǼѵģΪˣŻš
Ա߼ոձ΢ԵƿԵαһϸϸһƷҲһϲΪ֪Լǽʾ֭벻ô΢ӦҲᱻס
˭ϾʱǱ΢ѾǿڵҶԡĺҹʱй⡣
ݵļžǱ޺ӵһкá
ʵǶԳˣһǳǰλֹӣţ
˶ǲԣҲдϻۺͱѧ֮ʿˣһĥҲ˫۷Ź⣬Ȼһ½ڳޡ


ʮ ʫ
޺ӵλ˲⣬˶֮ĺҹǮţͲ˵ˣһб仯һ½棬ǴȱӦǮţȻʱйͶӦĺҹһ˵ٻ𣬻ʲôΪʱйպöӦȱĻ⣬⣬ĺҹô仯ǳͬӦֹӸոյһҲǶҵǸǣɲǳĺҹʱй⣬ˣλˣ
£˻Ȼ򣬾Ƕûʲôīˮũĳˣ˿Ҳˣͬ˪ӣͷ˻ȥٲҲ
ļαɣǻһۣ˴Ѿûˡ
΢мֲѧǽҪ֤ɣȻɳɵʱɾҪǡһαɴ
ڻɣ΢ҺԣͲùһһԸֻСһʫұ㲻ţ΢㵽һαɻص
޺Ӵ˿£Ϊ΢һһɶĽĺܣ棬ҵͰˣ˶΢Ĳѧ˿̲ʶˣаֲ΢ɽ磬˼ҵȷˢӵġ
ɽһŮ޺Ϊ΢٣˵ȥǴ档
֮޺ԵһɽƸ΢ɽв֮Ҫ˵ǰ΢ûгɾɹ٣δ飬Ϊʿ޷ɽ֮ģɹ٣飬Ȼ
һƣȥԵֵ΢֮ˡ
лƣ΢лȻһΧּĽ
вžǺã΢û֤ɾ޺֤ɣǸ˲ã˵޺ӽΪ£ǲӼ˰Ϊ˵
ʱǱα֪ʱ죬ǰ΢ʵ޺Ϊ㸧٣ƣ㾹Ȼֻһл֮ûг⣬ѵ֪ǲʫ᣿ΪԼһȣʵڻƿЦؼ˫ҲƮ㣬дʫЦɡ
˵̵꣬һʫá
Ҷǧţָ١
ʱ
Ͳмģªָ
һ֣侳
˵꣬α⣬ò˵ʫУҲʱ⾳ǲ
Ȼûֵ꣬ո˵٣˵ơ
ɨһ΢¶֮ɫʫվպԺԣε𻨿
߾Ȥҽ΢;
˵꣬Ǳũ˽ǴкãڶʫʵˣƣǱ΢˵ƣٽһʫЩ˵ޱȣ΢֮ǰ˵⣬ڿô졣
ʫ
΢㵽ʫģȻ䳤ʫѾǽ޺ӵټ£΢ѧٸߣҲֻƵʫˣҲ΢б£˵һڲ֮ء
һȻǵޱȡ
һĥҲ΢ѺȷαȻʫ΢ѹס΢Էֱ⾳Ĳɸߵʫ޷ӱΪ֮ǰ΢ǳͷҲǽ΢ڸߴһõʫѹԷҲĲҪߣҪȥ
ΪԷʫ΢ʫҪ޺ӣҪй˼棬ȻһУʱ򣬾ȡ衣
ɶЩļһʵհͿ΢Ӧˡ
˵󲿷˶΢ΪҪʫԷȷ൱ѣǹ־͹ڣҶ΢ȴǱڴǺܴڴ
΢зӦԡ
ܵܣ㣬вУ˿ҲΪ΢ѺСʵһҵԼ¹ҲһУǸŮɣҲ˫ȭգ΢
޺ӣȻж˲˼ҵʫĵȷܲܽԷȥ˿Ҳڴ΢öʫķԷȹȥ
˵Ŀ⣬ۼ΢ϡ
΢˿̿˿оƣȻǺոαɵʫģֱһαɸ΢
֣Ҵ񱭡
ϣ
ֱЦӵ١
ԣʫʳʵδϡ
ŽڳʥӣŷЧԪɵ
޴ʹҶ񣬺ů
Цоƣʫǡ
ݺγ


ʮ Ժ
΢һʫ˵꣬۵һǸƵαɾȻǽû񣬸ˤҪ֪αɣΪߵףȻˤˣɴ˿ɼ΢һʫж𺳡
ʫʫĲٳӣʫһҪӦ꣬Ҳ̲סкãΪ΢ʫӦԣû뵽΢ѹûףһʫС
޺ӵԼαɵӣȫһʫУһǾҪȶԷһ˵΢ʫĺܲ˵Ǵȫʤ
һũ˳ˣһ˵Һ΢ӡҪ֪ǿɶαΪ˿̾Ȼϱ΢ѹŴ
ʫҼǵԪɵǰǰһˣΪˣԸ˺ܶ£Ѻն̨΢ԪɵˣǡˣȻţж뵽ǣϲ˸ϲͣʺ΢ģǺ޵
޺Ӵ˿ҲĿԣֹ̾ĲɹȻͬ죬ҶɽȷʸʥԺʥ󣬽յüֹӷ緶ʵҡ
ܱ޺Ƴ磬һ˵ⷬģ˵ɽ綼û΢Ȼǫһ֪Ҫ͵
ĲʲôģԼһУΪõ͵ʵΪ촦³
ڣ΢ɲôѾˣιǽũˣȥ̱֮չأԼǹ麣Ľ𵤷£ʲô硣
֮Լһ֤ɣֻгɣʸΪУӣǰ⣬һ˼ұһΣ
µľνǹ׶㰵ѷ
ǱߣѾֳд΢ʫ䣬Ʒ΢Χŵ˸ˣύġһ¹Ŀɿڴûһ˶ǵķʿȻôϸȥύ

ܵܣ˵ز˾ʱ΢ǹ΢Ϊγķͷܴ󣬸ղžȻ˽һЩҩ͸΢˵ʲô΢ʫĵһ⽱Ʒ
ȷǶ̫󣬼£˵Ҫǳʲô粨ʲô£֮þգá
΢Ҳ˼뷨ӰڶˣʱǱһ˳ɺ׶һŸʾֽ
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΢״ǷҵԼ¹æ뿪
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һβ棬Щͬ
Ϊ⾹ȻɳԺʥԺ·Ĳ档
ȵдŵʲôĿɿڴ
дʲô棬һαɳʵԱһũĳ˵˵ǵԺʥԺ·Ĳ棬ʲô°ɡ
ѵǹ΢Ľı֮һ뵽ʲôæǰȥȻũϣ΢ĵĽٸ΢һ治ץá
ֻǵȵǺò׼ȥ岼ϵݺһģͺͳ˲Ӭʺһѿ
ô᣿һαɲŵʵ
΢Ա֮ĸĽȻ֤ͨҵԺʥԺ΢۶Ǽߣ⣬ûۻɣ΢εºܣһũαɴȻмΪ
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˵֮ǰǿ¹΢ôӽȻǲˡ֮ǰԺʥԺûб̬ôǾͿ˵΢Ǵ治ʥĵǧˡ
һԺʥԺԣôô˵ôʥģˡ
Ǹ΢ǵڴǵǴ򣬶Ǵġžž졣
˿Ŀ֮£ũαһ࣬Χ˱ӣûӣֻǲֻ뿪Ǳѡ
һȨ΢ǳվ˽ţ΢Ȼ֪Щ̸Ƭ̣ҵһͻ˽硣
һֱ׼ȥεҵԼ֮󣬲˵Ϣ


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֪Լı֮ԺԼʥԺ϶Ч֮΢ˣһЩԼļһ϶Ҫͣһʱˡ
ũʱڿ϶Լûӡ
ֻɳԼְİţûκϢ΢ֻ˵Լñ֮ϢҲһʱ֪ͨ
΢һĥ⻰ⲻʱԼôʵЩĪô˵ԼҩɽΣҲ˴󹦵ģ˵٣ƽһҲС
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΢ȻشԪ
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΢ڵ̸ųɺͽҲ֪΢һλɹ֮⣬һŵˣиǾ塣΢Ҳ˵˲ٴԪ飬ųɺͽһҲǶĵʮһϼƣѾǳﻮˣȵ˴Ԫѡһطҩ԰ΪԪĵֲƵҩһԪʵԻΡ
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΢ôȻĿǡ
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Сû˵꣬ʿɫһ䣬̧һƴ˹ȥ
žһСҽˤڵϣһ飬һѪ³滹


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ǽͣ㵨ӲСʿһ䣬ɵʿڷǾǸ߸ϣ˾ϣȻ˵ʹ
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ҲǼЦһ΢ߵλǴ˹
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˵꣬Ϊ˿϶뿪û뵽һһȡ


ʮ ϻشԪ
¸ŭˡʨХ
޺һ붼˸ķ顣
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ҼħҪСı˷ΪδɣȻܱ¶ݣħƺ˽ƣǻƽԪߣңֱ쿪Ȼҡ΢ħ֮󣬹ȥȻǵãȻʿħַ֮Ȼͬ
΢Ҫ侲ȡ
΢Ҳֱӷ񽣾±΢ǹĿħ֮Ȼǿһ飬ָһӡ±ǻһŷɻҡ
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ʯ֮ڣдԪӵĶһЩнƣֻ΢ﵽһ֮ʹá
Уг
˿΢ЦһһץһǿޱȵӿһľֱǱ飬ĶҲɢһء
ԭӳϵĽƣҲǱ΢ƿ
΢ľɵĿʵǣ˵ħǵ괿ԪµĽƣ΢Ҳǿֱƿ
౦΢ȫȡ
Ԫӵĺö࣬ȴǺزūһСýƷס֮ǰöòˣʵڿɶҾƿƣΣߣ΢һȡһƷ಻ĳ
ⳤʵزڷУҲֻһ㣬ֻŪֳͲˡ
˽Ϳʼ񽣡
֮ĴԪȻ֪΢ħʴħ
Դ΢չصѾǹȥʮգÿ춼ǰɧţºͰڣҹ֮ܽ˴ȥ
Ȼʱ䳤ˣһЩҲ֪ԪиҪŪɷ׵Ŀ΢΢
ǾôȥЩҲģǶۼڴԪɽ£˭ܴܴԪŮˣȡɷס
ոշԪͺˣЩͷһôˡɵʿҲߡΪڶ࣬δԪĵӶٴУ¡ȨҲǿٸ
˿̣ȺѾǿʼôԪɷ
ͼһͺͷӺǴԪ̰˱ɵĽ⣬ܲǰɣô˵ǶǴӴԶֻۿǴ˵еɷףֻҪǿһ۳¼һݣ̾ߡ
ǰܲʲô¶ǴԪռˣƾʲôνзݣȻˣǽô˵Ҳǳ򡣡һģªҲ
ԣûϽóףȻֵɲǳصġһһɽһ׳
˵꣬࣬һ֣Ҫֵļơ
ԪڵֳֳԴ


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СģԶȨæѣԪڵҲһᡣ
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˿̣Ҳ֪֪봿Ԫĺ֪֪Ԫ˭
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ʵϣôĻȨˣϤ΢΢ͬΪŭһҲ
Ǻܿ죬ǾͷƺЩԾ


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΢ɱˣûɱɱ
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˿̣ȴǷҽУ߿׵ðѪȥʮֺˡ
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ڸոգһΪֲħ
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Լ䣬ƺ˶ԷľøϿ־ǣԷħȻμ䡣
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ЩƺаֶΣΪƣֹԴ
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µϢͨʱʸǵϹ٣һ£Ͳˡɺק˵꣬ĳˡ


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ԭˣ¾ûˣֲΪô죬ԭǹ麣컯ĿСȻЩͣڷʿУѾǸˡξٺɽǸˣóҲ΢ˡ


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һ㻯һâЯϽ⣬ƺԽͱһһ֮䣬ͽ΢ʽ顣
΢Ŀɿڴͬ˽ٵξٺɽֱԼ۾
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΢ƺԷҪ˵ʲôһһ䣺ξٴˣ˵
ξٺɽЦǲҲͶһҺɽ磬ҶԼֵܿǺչ˵ģ˵ɳڶûн´ڻְڼңħ˾ɡ


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ξٺɽͷ֮ǰΪԼΪ̫ͣս̫Կ϶˸谭ڣڼʶԼǰΪԼ񽣾֮󣬵潫
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һ΢ǺҪɳûйͿɲУģнս
Ҫǣ΢ҪΪ֤ɣɣڶɱĥΪһ;
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΢ξٺɽ룬شʮָɴ䡣
ãɽ磡
ҹȻûпˣɱˣµħ˾Ҫ֪ɳɹ٣ħ˾ģÿħ˾㾹ȻǺԥľʹӦݵȻᱲˡξٺɽ΢ԥӦȻиˡһڿǽһĶҲΪĿΪħ˾ĳȥ˼ħ˾˭һһģٰĲԸ⣬˭֪ħ˾ߵģԵһңˣΪҪȥЩ͵ħɱ
Ƕ鱾Ϊ΢ԥӦû뵽ԷӦˣû˿ԥ
һֱ鶼ûر𿴵΢Ͼ˼΢ֻڷ˼ȫǲͬκ;磬ڣ΢Ĺ۵תһЩ
٣΢
ڶУ֮ɣֻǷѾѱĹ
λȥ֮󣬾͸㰲ţ죬ĵڵħ˾ʲôڴᣬĹƷҪɳЩҾͲ岻ˣֻҪ棬ұ֤ʮ֮ڣ֤ɣνƷ֪ǧ٣ȻûкȾƣξٺɽҲʮ˷ܵġ
ξٺɽͶ˴˷ǵħ޵飬ŪˣȻҪȥ
һȥ֮󣬻ѲٹעԪߣͨʯħǰңͨʯͨɽ磬ѲЭҲΪħŵħǰξٺɽ˵ͬʱһö˸ߵʯͷдųħ䣬ֻҪ鷳߶Ϳͨɽ硣
ξٺɽͶ˷ɽ硣
΢ĵȻӦξٺɽ΢ʹȥħ˾ˣξȻǳҪ΢ҲǾ˼ǵġ΢Ҳ֪ħ˾ɳĵλȻξٺɽλɱӻɳԼһЩˣҲԶԼ֡
˵ħ˾΢ٳɳĿԲ
ʱ䣬΢Ҳȥһȥ̽Ԩˡ
ͬһʱ䣬⣬ħڡﵽ磬ݹƯһ޴ĺУͻȻһŭĽ
΢㺦֮࣬ң㲻ħһѪصͻȻðһӰ
Ӱ㣬׳ޱȣ߾а˳ߣͬһ㡣
һ֣ΧħŮǹ밲׷׵ݼ
Ȼ˱Ǳ΢ɱħͨطһֻطȻҲҪܲʹ࣬Ż˷ߺޡ
ʱ߽һˣÿһƺΧĹһ㣬˸˵ģֻܿһںӰΪ졣
߽ҵ˭СУԭֻˣǱĸ˸ˣ˵㱨ѩޡ
ħޱȣɫӰȴǼΪˣæ磬㰡Сܴ裬ߺ޽Ǿ磬Сܸǡ
ʲôֵܣ˵˵ô¡ӰʵħȴǴ˹ұ𣬵˰ɣҵõ񽣾Ϣ֪ˣûʲôˡ
ħŵ⼸ǻྺϺͺʵϱﶼͲöԷ㡣
ħޱ壬ֻΪԼˣҲħˡ
磬ûʲô££СԼܴħԲ߶ԷǺɫӰֻЦһǺãȻԼȥҾͲˣŸϳȥȴûϻħѾʣԼħ˽Ͱɡ
˵꣬Цһʧ١


ʮ µĵ
ߣħ뿪Ҳһ뵽鷳ҲǼΪͷۡ
ħŵеĳȻ࣬ϵĵλҲ⣬ξô棬ô˵Ҫһ
Ȼ¶ħԼ
뵽Щħ΢Ǻ֮ǣ뵽ʲôܿЦ
΢Ȼħ̫ˣұ㽫Ϣ뷨֪ͨɳʱ΢Ȼնħ̨ħ뵽ַɱ΢Ȼ泩

ԪξٺɽͶȥ֮ĵ죬΢ڽӵɳɷĵ
΢Ȼ׼ϵ֮󣬻̲סпһ˿ϲӿͷ
ǶĹλ˵ɾƷɹ٣Ʒɹ١
˵ɳһһɷʿΰƷɹٵҪֻ֪˲ϰƷɹٵλá
Ʒɹ٣Ҳ΢ĵλˮǴߣڹλϣѾξٺɽͶһȻ˹΢ԵľǾ޴ѹ
Ǻ£Ҳǻ£Ϊ֪۾㣬һκʧܾܿͻٲԼΪȷʸƷɹ٣Ϊһ飬Ȼ΢Ӳˣ΢ȥħ˾úó꣬ĥΪҲΪԭ
ɳҲôǵģǸԼ٣ҲǶѹȻλô飬ҲֻһŵͽٵԼȥȻнʽ
ǸԼˣΪԼµĹ̫ˣҲ̫ˣƸΣҲ˵ȥڣһдӼ򣬹ǲ̫֪һλɹٵϾͿԿ
΢΢
˹λһƷ֮⣬ǽԼħ˾顣
Ȼͬξٺɽ˵һԼ㶨ˣҲ˵ڿʼԼɳħ˾ɹˡ
ϸ룬΢Ǻħ޴ٽҩɽܻƽԪıڴԪɱħ͸ϣܾΪˣħ˾ڲŻͬ⽫Լ
Ȼ֪Լħ֪ʲô롣
͵ɹ٣΢֪Լÿʼ׼ȥħ˾ˡ
΢ûгɣɽɽ磬΢˼죬͵ȵħ˾Ľ٣΢ɽħ˾΢ּħ˾٣λһ۵ɾڡ
ڣξٺɽԼȹ٣м΢ûм֮һΪߣϢǿˡ
ħ˾սɳһһȻ١
Щˣ΢ΪǼֱǲֵһᣬ΢Ҳǫ֮ȻǽԼ̬ŵĺܵ͡
ڣħ˾ɹپ΢Ĺְţ£΢֪Լò죬ԴһʼͰվһԣ˱ۡ
ûڱۡ
ΪԼĹְţħ˾ļɹپȻǿҪ΢ΪΣһҲŪôˡ
ԭԼĹְħ˾⼸λ˵һ¡ξٺɽҪԼųɺһĽħɹ٣΢֪⽵ħɹٵλ϶ܸߣһξٺɽҲշԼӦõһְš
Ȼ˷ԡ
ɺܼ򵥣ħɹħ˾ҲģÿһλʮҪҸǴħ˾ս
һ˶ǵķʿΣֱǻ֮ɳɵЦϣξٺɽͶͬ΢νħɹ٣Ķͬ⣬Ǽԡ
ξٴˣִ֪˹ϵ¿ǹϵħ˾棬ǹϵħ޵Ĵ£˶Ϸִ˵һǰƷɹ٣ô˵ṳ̂˾磬ʤνħɹٵλãԿ϶Уҽ飬ִȥһ꣬ȵΪίαȽϺãҲ׵˵һˣǸͷڳоһ˿ף˶Ĥۡ
ǰξ֣ҲÿǴֵ֣ȥǶкôģһôģֵһ͵νħɹ٣Щֵô˲ġһɹҲǿĵȰ裬֮ǲͬ΢νħɹ١
ξٺɽɫ˭ҿǲǣ΢ɱħ£˭ܱȵ˵ҩɽƴͨɳħ޻ûҩɽı㹦˭ܱȵϣ
һ仰ʵǼƿԡ
ȷħ˾ô꣬ȻҲɱһЩħޣһЩС㣬ɱħħڵĳϣȻɱĶֵ࣬ȻǱȲħһλĹʹ
Ҫ˵ͣǵȷ΢ѷɫ١
ֻܴʲô


ʮ ؽ
Ҳħѣֻܴ΢ðˡ
˾˵΢ɱħҲֻʹȻҲֻħһѣԷ϶ͨħռµ֡
ϸ˵Ҳɱ
֮˫Ϊ΢ְİţѾ۵ĲɿΨһģ΢ħ˾ڡ
˫ִһʣҪˣڲɫһһ
ȻСξٺɽ˶ȴھһ㣬ǲۣǿڡ
Ƕɹ٣۳ӣɺͳһ仰˵˶ͷȥȻҶû¡
ħ˾ͬɳţ϶ǴˣҴɡ
ʲôɣ
ս֮ɣ֮ɣɡ
еɣ϶⣬ҪôֱӶ˭Ӯˣ˭ȻоЩǿ۵ģʵϴɺɲ࣬˵ξٺɽȻǽɣҲ飬鷨Ҳܸߣ˫ȫ
Ȼﶼû£ȴûһ˸ҿڵϿɼһߡ
Լ嵽ڶҲû׷ʹ򣬶ǵȻ΢ĹְǵȻҪĿ΢˵˵ղ˵Щְȥְ
£Ƥߵ΢
ҲӦ׷׿΢ô˵
ξٺɽϸ΢ɫ˼ԣŵ΢ϣȷѡ
΢óڷڲԼֿӣԼɲȥҪ˵նħξٺɽ˾һһĺ֣Ҫ˵ŪȨıδܱ΢ǿ
ʵ΢оϣǽħɹٵλߣ֮Ȩ֮ٶնȨͬɹҲߡ
ȹְħ˾ǶģôԼȥ
ɽΪԼãⲻʵλãҲƨɣĴӻ㿪ʼϾԼΪޣһЩҲܲʲô¶ˡ
΢һˣ¹оӻʲôλ˶ᡣ
ξٺɽһһΣǶҲһħ˾ɹ٣ǿ΢Ŀ⻺࣬ô˵΢ýˣǺ֪֮
΢΢һЦһ˿ͣȻشҲʮ⣬ã˽籱ɽȱһλؽȥɣ
΢Լ¹ְʱ򣬰һͦģֻǿξٺɽѿɫ΢͹ְƺûȥô硣
ʱ΢ôܲͬ⣬£Ҳôˡ
ȡױξٺɽ΢ħ˾һ԰УȻ̾˿㰡㣬ǲΪؽͦ簡
΢ͷξٺɽһ䲻ؽɲõ
΢֪ô£˽籱ɽǷ˽֮һΪα֮ΪأΪɽ֮⣬˽ħ
֪жôΣա
Ϊ˽֮һɳפؽɽɼˣҲнɽ֮ħԽ룬Ȼʱˣ鷳ǣһ飬ĹԱҪԲ˶ߡ
صĻܻᱻﶪ١
ԣλ磬λϵˣȴǻڵġ֪λһģ󶼸ɸ¾Ϊָ鱻ˡξٺɽ˵
΢һȻһӡ
ֻˣ˵ʲôҲˣָԼȥģĪԼħ˾ٵ
˵ҿڴ˶ǱԺΪ˽籱ɽؽ̫Ƶڴ뿴ܸܲı״ҲΪħ˾档ξٺɽʱҲǰο΢һ䡣
ֻȻξٺɽǵ͹ڶ΢ġء
ξٺɽ΢̸ͬһʱ䣬ڻصԼ鷿鰸ϣ΢ڣ΢ٿʼй͹м¼
ڽ΢ħ˾ȻΪξٺɽƼΪ΢ˡ
˵΢ӵϹʼڣÿһ¶˲ٲǳġ
ںܻῴˣ΢һ·ôżȻϸƶϣͻ֪΢˼ΪҼ©
ôᣬǸļƣҲ˳൱ѵá
һ˲ţϣûпˣһɫдһ˿Ī⡣
һΣ΢ɽ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ȥݷһҦʥʥȻûʱ䣬ħ˾Ѿ´Ҫ֮ڸϸ˽籱ɽʱϿǺܽȵġ


ʮ ϸ
ħ˾רнٽ΢ͳɽ磬΢شԪԼ뿪顣
ȥ˽籱ɽ·;ΪңԶ΢ΪҲҪҹܵ
ڸʱ֮ڸΣȻʱȡ
η룬ºǼΪᣬ£΢Ǽգ˵ӣΪ΢ʲôطȥһֱ
΢µ˼οôһ죬һһ飬ɽн®Σҹ£ʲôܣʲô룬ң˼䡣
ȻǼΪȴôһ𣿡
ᣡ΢ͷ϶˵
΢ˣǹһˣûдߣȴΪٰȥԭϣ΢ִ֮£ֻܻȥ
һ΢ߵʮڴԪɳѲٵշ£ҶųɺͽҲڴԪԪҩ԰ĿѣڣԪʵȻ̨ס
еʱ΢оԼһְˣһ֮תһ룬ڴԪԪķչҲδػжãڣԼÿһλ׳Ԫ
˿΢ͷͨͻȻͷһȣ̤ճЦ²ƽ£ҥ
΢ո˵꣬ͻȻ˵ʫɴߣܿ··˸򣬵ѵãҪ֪вˣ͸
˭΢һڴ߶ſٷУ˿͵ͣ£²鿴֮ǰһ㶼ûвֻ˵һ£˵˵ΪߣԶԼ
˿΢ٴУֽ֣˿ҲѾʱ
ʱ΢ǰĿͻȻһƬʯˮһ΢һ˳ǰ
һۣɫϣɳħ˾٣Ϊڡ
΢ȻɻѣΪ˻֣ӣƺרԼġĪǣʲô£˵ʲô
Ȼвԣ΢ҪԶͷϹ٣ȻҪмӡ
ö΢л˵ȥ˵꣬һɽȥ΢Ȼɻ󣬵ҲǸȥ
羰վɽһʯ֮ϣڿ΢֪ΪʲôҪܿˣ㣿
ƺںϲ⣬΢룬ʵˣ޷Ǽֿܣһ֣Ҫɱң֪϶֡ڶ֣ҪҪңͬ²ֻ֪֣ǵҪ΢
΢Ĵ𰸡
һЦã˵ĺãû˵ֿܣѾпܣҪǣ˵һ£Ǿ£֪֪˾Բ֪
΢ͷȷˣȻиɻͺ棬ôǴʲô
ڣ΢ûеȶãڱ㿴΢һһ˵ģΪħ˾´ֻķӡȥؽֻһӣؽһ裬εĿܰˣҾħ޴֣ǵӣҲҡҽĲ£Խɽħ֮أħ޵ڲĿ̽ӡ
΢Ŀɿڴ
ȥħ֮أ̽ӣǲȥϸ
ʲôЦ
΢ϸڣȻԷı鲻ڿЦǵûпЦұǼΪ档
һ΢˼תھȻԼħڲȥϸµΣԲ붼֪Բ񣬾Ϳܱ¶¶ĽȻֻ·һ
΢ûоܾҲû̴ӦڸղҲ˵ˣΣǲɹ٣Ϊħ˾ɹ٣Ǿֻ¡
һɹħڲȴ֮ǰʧȥϵܿ׶༪٣ûϸڣܶ鶼Ϊҹ۲Ҳɸѡܶѡֻʡ΢ڶ̶̼֮ڴӾƷٹƷɹ٣һ㣬ɳ֮ھųɶ㣬£ֻʡ˵
΢Ȼʵã
꣬һꡣڵħǱҲǷƶ붨ȻʲôҪ鱨һϣԲں󡣡
΢˵ͷʣҲħޣùˣ
򵥣αħһ³һαװħޣѱֻҪСһ㣬ᱩ¶ڴ
ʲôݹȥ΢ʡ
һЦΪֻħ޻͵͵Ǳɳ磿ߣͬ͵͵ħеѾħеĴΪ׷ЩħΪǵУԽħ򡣡
Ϣôݣ΢кܶ࣬ںǴӦȥˡ
΢һǿЦ˵Ҳȥô


ʮ ħ
Уɫ࣬΢Ҿʣ㼱ʲôЦȻˣǾȥɣҾһꡣ
ɲ㣬ģ£ҵˣڲ㣬˵⹦ͣɱʲôؽҪöࡣҰģҪ߹٣ʺϵһ·ڶ˶٣ֵ꣬ħʮ֪꣬ʲô˿£ξٺɽУҲУ㣬Һܿá
΢ЦĵҲǱϹʶˣֻ˼ڵҲϸͼһ΢˿
ȻڣԼİ
΢ͷ£룬ֵؽô죿
ڹһЦȻ㣬۷Ȼܻˡһʩչ⻯֮仯ȥΣؽһãڹõģ浱ؽұһڶְٰ
΢ЦЦûֵ΢סȥħϸҪʮֵľݲ˿иҪȡλȨƣֻħǱߵײתܴ̽鱨
Ȼ΢ǲõģѾ׼µݣӰΪѾǲʮ꣬μģ⣬ħǱߵҲҪ˽⣬ˣ֪֪ˡ
ȡһڵݸ΢΢ǡ
΢ӹ˵ʼģͷβļΪϸһ֮󣬽ڻڡ
ˣ
ǣ
㣬˭
˳ħʿĸʦˣѧϰ͵ֻݣɱ飬ˣѧɳʦ򷴶𱨣߱ʦ󴳵伫Ϊаޣʿ׷ɱΪɳͨҪ׼ħ򣬴չȭš
ܺãҲΣҸ¶ȥɽȥ˵طԼ뷨ӹɽϢͰվķʽݻ
˷ģġ
ã
ͣ΢ֻǲգ͵˾뱱ɽĵطʱ䣬΢ѾţһģŹֵĳ
ⳤħı־ɹͷɣħǽǿӾаʮ㣬ڶа޶ϵѽ֮⣬ģȴ֪ΪϲһŹߣЩαһһö˺ܾõӡ
һȥˣסСΪϣƿһʮöαħ˵ƼΪףңҲֻЩ´һ뷨ӶһЩڴ֮ǰãȵһ󣬻ڽɽԵ߶һԸ֮ǰڵݸ΢һƿҩһö
΢ؽӹȻغá
ȥɣ
ڰڰ֣΢ҲûʲôʵˣһȻħߴãƬ̾Ӱ١
΢뿪Ҳ˷ħӿȻд·ϣ΢Уܽ°á
˵꣬Ҳһʧ١

һ֮˽籱ɽ
˴˽ħ򽻽紦⣬ԿͬɸǽһĽɽ
ɽ֮ϣһһ죬ͷ·һεĽߣŽɽһһΪ
Χ˶֪ɽǽأɽһͷħеħ򣬿˵̸֮ɫ䣬־岻ѵĵط
·濴˾ħĿ־֮أеˣȴǽ䵱ʥء
Щˣаޡ
ɳͳ֮أа޵٣ƽﶼͨҪ˵˺򣬴أȻǶħ֮
Ϊԭ򣬾аҪԽɽħµķչ
ɽΧ֮һľУ˿ȴʮֹ졣Ǵ죬ľȴУУľ֦ͷѻ˻
˴һյأһƬľҪôҪôնϣӰ
ΪɽǽأԲﶼụ̂Ȼܽ˶ͨˡΪɽڶ࣬ʱҲԻðսԣ⼸ӰУһ˱ԻĴ硣Ƥ£ԵԱ߷һ׹ֻȻԻѰˣ⿴¶ֱۣǽʵѪ֮ǿʨƻ
Իȣ⼸Ӳ
һ˫泤Դ󣬹棬˿һڿУ׽˺ҧ죬˲˵ڳ⣬С˿ֱӻᱻ
˵ĹԱ߼⣬һűֳֹȵޱȣһ۴һСһֹЦҹٵ˶


ʮ ڤа
ģˣһ޸֮ӣֻϸԿȵĵطѾһƬںڣжӿ֮
һˣȥԵࡣٿȥǷ棬˵ٷ磬ֳȣ˼£Ȼûһħʹˣһǵħʹˣô
˵Ǵȣ˼¡
ʱǳĹбưһۣûᣬǱߵԻȻȡһĥʯȻγԵʼĥҲûпֻģªɭɭһЦѻֶ㼱ʲôԼʱʱڻһʱˣ԰ꡣ
˭֪Ǳֶüͷһ壬ţװˣǼ˭֪˭Ҳֻǣ㲻˵
˼ݺ⼸ʮ꣬¹˭㣬˵ǰʱڽħ˽İٶնϣǶùġҲſھֶһɫȻһ䣬Ǻȣ۾һɣ˵̧־˦һźӰ
ѪɳУ㵹ǿңҪҵô˵ֵһ㶼ͬʱѾһܿԷĶɳͬʱ˸ֻƴСĶ侹ȻǴŵзɳֱֶ
Ҳʩ֣һǰңǼֻ䣬Цһ˫ֹ磬һ£öڣٶȼ졣
˲ʱ䣬мֻ䱻Уڵأļһһֶ̣ͻȻð棬˺ҧֶ˫ţҪҧһͷ޶õرϾЩ涼ǶžƶɵģԼǿ
涾ֶ״Ҳ֪æʩչŹһ̣ðһɫ棬죬ЩĶ˲ʱ䱻Ź飬һѪ
УɱҶ棬ŴŭҪٶ֣̣ˣǸĹ˺Իһ²ؼı飬һϷı顣
ڶźֶҪƴһʱͻȻ֮䣬ԶһŹʫ¶źֶͣ
ʫԶ
ͬؼ䣬̸ۣԶʽ죡
ȻԶ˵Ҳ֣ڳĸͶȥĿ⣬ǳĹ˺ԻֶͶҲˣŤͷǸ
ͼԶˡ
ʫģȷգⰡǸոʫλĳӦ֪֮ˣ
ʱһ𣺡磬ʫĺûȻʫȻûģ
Ϊ뺷֮ǰǸȻͬ󣬵𣺡ֻһʫѣҳݣ˶֮ˣܾЩνʿۣȻҲ졣
ãһҲ졣
Ȼ̸һ·ԶֻǹŹֵǣֻӰȴ
ˣǸĥԻӰ߹ջԵ̧ͷȥǳҲˣʣİѪܵӰ䣬ҲֶͶǻָ֮ǰı飬һЦһȻ
Ӱ߽ˡ
һˣһͿֲĹǽźɫۣһߣһаʮ㡣
ԱλǾС׼ˣԱǸһ۶һجΡȴһ߰˳ߵ׳ֻȴһΣ䱳һˣû°ֻϰҪǸСһţȥһ˱ϣֳһһ
˶Ǵһͷģ϶ƯĶȥͷϻлľݻ磬Ķ˶ֳֳһһСǸ޺ĳǱ˶Ҫ
λڵˣħħͷĺֵܡֶʱ˵ȻʮּɵֻħͷĺֵǾ£ħɵУȴһɺ⡣
ȴΪ֮ǰħԣ֣档
£ڤаǵˣλǺþòˣɰŴ˿ɭɭЦǴ˸к
īֻ΢΢ͷǻӦħͷĺֵܣǸ;޴ĵֻܵһͬ͵ĸǿڵţϻͲö˵ˣ߸˾룬ҪʲôǶֻһ䣬˭˳߻üȵħǱߣ˳ǿɾˣʱ򣬱Ҳ档


ʮ ħʹ
ħͷĺֵܱģֲ˿˵ɱڵһ仰⼸˶Ǳ壬û˵
һǱֶЦȻˣûͷ߸˵ڤӽݣҲֵˣεȻҪ鴳ħȻɽͷһΰҵ
ûɳͳ֮أǾͬ󣬳춫أһСģͱЩʿ׷ɱ˵սսΪΪΪҲӦȥħǱߣа޵¡Ŵ˿ҲǼ˵
ĺġԻʱ˵͸һɼ˵ĳȣƺκ飬ᱻ⣬Ҳԡ
ħģĹʱͬһԳһ㣬ߵħߡ
ô˵ҵһˡĺֵͷ˵·ϣѾͬ˵ȫͬǰΪͶȥҲû˻˵·ϣЩΪĶܿ죬ֻҪа֣ͬЭȻħվȽŸɾͰҵ
˵Ķԣ
Ժ˭ǣͳͳɱˡ
Ƭ֮˰ʼգֻħԹа֪ħԸ񱾾ǲϲ̸ͬĺһҲûΡ
ȻҲѹûоλħʵͻˡ
ħȻ΢
һǰɳħ˾٣Ʒڵаޣ׼ħϸһʱ䣬΢Ϥħݣ˵ȵȵȵȣһΣǰݵаҲҪħȻõڻ
ڤа˵а޵ҲǺǿ˵쵱ĴڣȻһЩǲֵһᡣ
΢ʵΪҪɱа˵ҪһЩֽţҲѣʵ΢ΪѾǵֻͬûˡ
а΢ҲѾԷġУħͷĺֵаеϴ϶
ٰħ
˹ԳҲǸ˵Ĺġ
壬ֶԻߡ
УҲǸϲãϵҲһˣħͷĺֵΨǴӣԻĺֵܵң˵ĺֵܣȹҲ⣬ħǰȹ˹Գ˵Ĺ˶ħƴӡ
źֶǼҰģҺֶۣȴΪԺüΣܸħԹҲҵֳ
ϵӣ΢аƿء
ڣҪȣĺֵħʹǰΪҪԽɽħ򣬿ɲôһ׵飬߹ȥаޣûйϵͺ̨ǳɹԽɽȥħ򣬲ǱɱǱūۡͷ֮˲ûУȴ٣ңҪѺܳʱ䡣
΢ȻҪٳ¡
аڴ˴ɫתֵƬ̣Ѿڡ
а˻ڽһͷԻһͷҰĆ죬硣Ҫ˵ԻȻаΪͣа֮ΪĺֵԼΪصħ˶޼޵ѾԪ浤ߣΪԻ˵ɱһЩǲڻ¡
˷ʳͷҰ΢ٰħõһҰȡ
ħʲôóԵģȳ㡣˹Գ˿̳΢˵ȻһеֻʣһȣڻϿ
ؿζ
µ΢һΣаޣȻһһаԣλԼߵģȻϲó⣬Լû˵ʲôħĬԣҲϾҪ˵ܲܺôԲźó⻰ɣ
ճԵһ룬΢ӦԶʱаҲǲˣ׷׿ȥ
Ӧǽħʹˣĺʱ˵վ༸ҲҲǱʾ
ȻûһʹǱӰǰģһ£ɫˣħʮ㡣ĺһˣӭȥֱȭħʹ
ԷΪɨһĺ֣΢΢˵ͷֿаʵǣڤа
ǣĺЦ
ߣʲôƨڤаҿҲôһȥޱȣҪ֪ģ֣ͿԵħޣһжҪʵħʹͻȻһ󼸸
ո΢ע⵽ħʹˣû뵽Էһڣô
˲ЦһˣĻӿڳ
һ˹˵ʲôƨүүһ


ʮ һ
ĺʱҲɫһħʹħʹʲôˣ
ħʹվˣһҲòŹ֣Ŀ׺ݣɱڡ
ǺһҪʹħаޣֻҲ֪ҪħҲ򵥣ʹֻܴһȥԾͽҲ˹˭ȥ˭Լһ°ɡħʹƤЦⲻЦ˵ϵҰ߹ȥ˺һ
ˣǿҸһʱ䣬˭ȥˡ˵꣬
ϸɿħʹﾹȻͷһҧ飬Ҳ֪ʲôħ
˭֪˵ġʵǱȶ
ʤߣ
ô򵥣ڤа߶ǱаҲ
Ǵ㵥һϣ֣ǶţģǡȻ٣ȴǼš
ȤĺʱټĿ˵Ϊ糤ڱϣԿȥЩͣϤ˶֪ĺ൱ɱ֮ˣ֪Ľ¡
˫ʵΣȻǿƤӡ΢ۣͿ˶򵥣ۺʵڤаҪ
аÿһ󾳵ΪĿ󾳵Ϊ˼ǺεǿᣬֲöԷš
Ȼĺֵܵû΢ۣҲɵϿ֪߸˾һϣҲδ˵Ķ֡
֪˭ˣǺɽħ˿ɲöԸа޽ĵλߣû뵽ҲҪħ򡣡ֶʱ˵ϴŨŨļɵΪ˼һǶ֡
⻹ô˼
ֶһڣźԻɫһ䣬ȻҲ˵Ǻɽħ¼˵˼ͷҪڤаҪĶࡣ
벻Ǽһﻹ֪ǵţȻ֪ӦǵֶΣһǿɴӲڣ˵ħʼʩѹˡ
ʱǱߵħʹ˫˳һһɱʤӮ־ӮӮ˵ĸ汾ʹħ˵ģȥȥģôˡ
ħʹ˷ʱ䣬ֱ˵һ򣬿ӣǴ㿴Ϸ
Ȼħʹ˵ĹԸԸⶼҪͬ⣬ֻϳȴҪúһ¡
ֵܶԸǵеһʣµ˭ĺʱ˵
£ֶĿ˸ͷҲԣһ仰˵ԻֱӵΪǶ֡
΢֪ԼħаǵʱȻǲҲûҪԷΪȷܸߣ΢ûпҲǵɡ
Ҳȥ˹ԳʱҲ
¶ҲˣȻֱѡս˳򡣶ԷʵΣ΢һĿȻŹֵǣԷΪߵģһȴΪһǿһʵڹŹ֡
Էʲô⣿
ܿ죬˫˳ս˳дľϣȻͬʱʾƽ
΢һͷԼǵڶսͷһսȻĺֵܡ棬һսսģȴһ
˭ϵһֻû򣬶Է˾䡣
ԭˣ΢̷ӦȻۺʵڤаǱȲǺɽħģԵħͷĺֵܿĸ֣ҲԿԺͶԷǿһͥ⣬һУȻһȴǰĺֵܸų˳ȥֻǵһ
һʣµǱȲʤȯҲ˵ڶԷΨһвģֻĺֵܡ
ڤаǵУҲֻĺֵһ֣ʣµļֵһᣬʣӮʵǿǺ΢սλΪٶĿˣħеĵһ֡
ĺֵҲӦɫѿԷбƣҶԷȻֶΣԼߵĳ˳
֣Сģħ֮ܰ˹ΪߣһɵеĻҲûʲôûӣҲֻܶħֻ˭֪ħȻԲǶԷħ֮ܰ˹Ķ֡
һ㣬ĺֵҲ
ֻڶˣ˹ԳʵҲĶ֣а˵Ӯ˵һȴСʧˡ
ħ֮ܰ˹Ѿ˳һһͷƯżͷÿһͷȻطɷ
ħĺֵ˵ĺܶԣ㲻ҵĶ֣Ȱ䣬Ȼֻ·һܰ˹һʤȯգƯļͷϸǷɭɭЦ
Уħ˳Ϊ˹ߣ˿ı飬ְֻν룡
ȻԹˡ
ܰ˹Цһ˸һͷȻſѪڳħҧ˹ȥ
Сģܰ˹Ƶɹͷ룬ƣ㣡ĺֵܳѣ˭ħͬһ㣬һ
Ϊħᱻɹͷһµ˲䣬ħͻȻһնһ̣Ǳܰ˹ͷѾǷȻڵء


ʮ ħ
¡һû˷ƵɹͷҲǲħһԣһƪľ飬һƬ̳
˶ɵˡ
Ǹħʹɴ۾𾪺һɵħΪǻԼҪԸܰ˹Ҳס
ܰ˹
Ǳߺɽħ־壬Ȼû뵽ħʤ˼ûˣԷǵܰ˹Ҳ˵ɶɱٴȥǾѰ·
а޺ħ޶һѹûʲôֵԣǾһҲΪ˸棬˿̼ħͣһͽǵϴɱȻûʤ˼
ʣɽħæħʹֻ˵ȶˣķڷʹ뿪ħʹͷħ̾ߣܰ˹ʬȥա
ħɼһߡ
֣ý⽣ֵܶҲ硣ĺֵܴ˿ЦֻǻﵱҲǶһݼɵ
Ȼû뵽ħصΪǸոһĺֵܶҲʵֵס
ħ޲һ¼ɡ
ĺֵܣǱ߶ţֶԻ˿̿Ŀж˾η֮ɫ
֮ͬǰĺֵܵıһ
ħ֮䣬ʵΪһֵ̱쾡£ֶ˿˿֮ǰһĵ⣬еֻг
͸ղһնֶҲֻ·һȻˣǾֻܳ
һʤѣħ˵ƺûнղŵʤϣһɸ̬
ʵϣħҲڵ΢ȴ֪ոһɿʵɿ
Էô˵Ŀ֣΢ȻԻʤҪһʤҲԲסȡɵĻȻЧ
΢ȡɣնһʵϾһӣ˶ĿļٶѣɱУ΢ڵһĺֵϳʱ͵͵˿
˿ΪΣٳ߶ԷҲȻڶԷϳ֮ǰѾ㲻һˡ
ܰ˹ΪԴΪȲʤȯȫûн΢û΢͵ϮԲŻᱻ΢һɱ
նܰ˹Դģ˿ַֻ͵Ϯķӳ΢ȻὲЩ߱ˣȻħǾҪظкѹֻħǱߣܱӣӶõá
û˾֣ȻħʹֻǴڤаǰħ򡣶ʵϣҪħа޶ʸħʹȥ󲿷ֻ֣Լ취ͬղǺɽħǻȥֻԼ͵͵Ľɽ
ħʹȻҪ׺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ鷳Ҫǣħ֮󣬲ҪûͷӬһǻᱻõܺõİãȻ͸˺ܶࡣ
ɽʮ˹פعؾӣɳǲʿ˵ǹҪԽЩףħʹİ취
ͨһؿħʹаһƫƧɽȣʯܲ˼
ֱӷĽɽΣ̫Ҫ֪һɳʿأһСģͱɱˣ˴һֱܵͨħ򡣡ħʹʱ˵ȻûãͿǰһΪεĵطһ϶֮һȻɽɽͷһұڣһʯš
ʯطܿ͹رգħʹһ䷨¡¡죬ʯŴ򿪣¶һڵͨ
߰ɣͨҪһ죬סң·࣬ȻԨףǲС·ǿɲǺġħʹ˵꣬ͷ˽ȥаҲǻһۣȥ
Ȼͬħʹ˵ͨգ·ͬ֩һ㣬΢˰֮ҲǳʧҲ˵ûϤ·ָ֮óȻ룬Ȼʧ򣬱ڴ˴
ĺֵԺħʹ죬ǰ棬ʱ˽а΢һ·϶ǻＫ١
һ֮ڿǰгڣǼӿŲɽеͨһһҹ˭ܡ
ȵͨѾգħħ֮ء
λҼ仰Ҫ˵ħʹͣ˵˷ĺֵУǽħ򣬴˴ͬɳͳ֮أ赣ıʿ׷ɱʲôͿʲôҲҪסħֻ֮ʵʵлȨǵ˲õˣ֪ôġ
֮⣬Ҫסħ֮ħа洦ԾΪѾĺֵˣͼǶħãֻҪϸɣҪʲôԡħʹ˿˵һȥñȡħħħޡ


ʮ ħ
ħ򣬼ĺֵҲһ˷֮ɫѧϰħźֶһ
Ǹĺֵ󣬶ħԳǿ΢ʱʵ⣬û˶°ɣ
ֻҪʵʲôⶼԡħʹСȡһŹֵĺʩһԶһͷ׹񣬿ٷڵϡ
Ƕħõħӥٶȼ죬ȥǻصħħʹҲǷſ࣬ɽͳ֮ǰηηš
Ϲ񣬾ͼȶһɳ졣

ɳħ˾
ڴ˿̿һܱüͷ
棬һλɹٳˣܱ˵΢Ѿħħޣ·ͬСɣѾǰƷɹ٣һڱɽؽһħӦϣҪµġ磬¹ٴǰȥ΢ץϸʡ
ҡͷȻָһǷܱͱһɻոɸɾ
УƾһûɵܱһλƷɹ٣Īǣ˵ħҲҪʱ𣿡ɫһɹټæ¹ٲңֻǡ
ûֻǣסɶκ˵ȥɡڰڰ֣ɹֻ¡
ȵɹ뿪ڲŵӦħ͸¶Ϣʵɶ֮ǰ΢̽΢Ϣȷ΢ħޣҲɡֻħȻŪôһܱɼɳҲжԷϸߣǵڲˡ
΢֪֮ǰڼʱ򣬾Ѿ̽ҲøȻһܱ΢鷳ϾɳһЩɹٶħϸвޣɱɷŹ
˿΢ٰħѾħõá
ħУƵħɶţëħԶΪеʱ˭˭Ǳһ˳Ż
ȻЩħɾ̲ħǴʱȽϾõˡ
ڶħ˷κһħ֮ڤаͱڶħڵݡ
ħõĵȼֺɭϣ;󲿷ħɶһΪӣִ£
Ȼħֻһλͬһȴв٣֮ǶҲǵλߡ
λħʹҲֻǶħһλִ¶ѡ
ڤаʵΪǳզԳĺֵ֮⣬ˣ΢ֻǵݣĺִֵ¡
ڱᵱУ΢ϥռõλáԱߣ˹ԳڿһʵģѪܵĴȣΧżʬ壬ȣһʬϵġ
ħõĵΪң˵ѹûʲôأҲ㿴ļӣֱᡣ
ɱˡ
ͬɵżǲŵģŹأһǲͬУħߣѹûκιأһԲֱɱ˵̫ˡ
΢ħɱ׺ݣ飬ȻҪһõӣȻɱ񣬷
ǣԭļȫ΢ͳ˹Գ
ֻǳ˹Գδܵеùħޣ΢Ǿޱȣǣ΢õһǳõӣ˹Գõ
ħ޵У˹ԳģģԼϰߵħޣҲǲ࣬ƣΧħжԶԶ
Ѱסħкܶᣬס
΢һڴĹԳΪʲôϸҡ
ӽɽʱԳϲԼ˵΢֪ħȹԳħ޿ɶѹ֪ͼģԲŻᷢʡ
ԳԴģȴʮɲ˿ȴǳ΢һЦˣŲ
ɣҲоݡ
ħһĮĵˣȻ΢뽫ԷߣԼͿԷһЩȻĽԳߣ˵¶ʲô
΢û˵ǱĿҲħԸ
Ȼ΢ڿǽĴ㡣Ѿɹ˽ħ򣬽Ҫģչ¶ʵõλħ޴󶼺ʵֻΪǿߵӣ΢Ҫмֵ鱨̵ֻʱڣ
ڵĿ꣬ƿħðɡ
ʱ΢ԳڽԼһԷŶħ·ġħƪһɻ
µаޣҪ⡮ħƪֻħ֮󣬲Żнʸ񣬷һղħⱲӶֻܵһײӣΪڻҡ
Ϊϸ΢αħ֮󣬿һ֮αװħޣħ΢αħԲԶûʲô壬ֻҪ΢Ը⣬ٴħ


ʮһ ִ
΢ԳȻͲ˺ܶ࣬Բô⡮ħƪ
ħ࣬̽ôħԳһ֪ʣ΢ڸľħ˹ԳĹϵ˵ʦѣǰħҲΪԳϵ⡣
΢룬ùԳȥ
˵ʵ΢˵ħƪûʲôѶȣΪħε΢ħƪֱޱȡԳȥ֮΢ҲûзϻֱΪ佲ħƪľҪԳϸһȾȻéٿһ㣬ʼϥ
úãһͷһ㽲ħƪˡʱ˳߽̾һͫħޡħһ˫ɫ۾͸һĹ⣬һͲͨħޡ
΢ۣһۿȥͿһﵽħޡ
һ֡
΢ħħ˿̼ˣûֱӵδͬ⣬ôᣬĪǣǲˣ
ħޱˣ˵ʲô˵ʲô޹˼ɣ΢ô˵ҲǱԼ֪ԷݣҲԷ΢˵꣬Ǳ߹ԳȻͻȻ̧һȭˡ
һ㶣ȴǾȻôħ˼飬Ҫ֪ħƪѰаҲòղſħԲǴϻ֮˿ħô˵ոյĽã˲𡣡
ԹԳԻʯһȭһץԳӴǱһֻεĴץסһ֨֨죬ȻԳ˵Ϊ̫࣬һоͱס
΢״Ǻԥνֱ̡
΢Դ޳񽣾ԽҲͻͽһ񽣾еĽУƲ죬ȴƾˣһ羪κˣϸ꣬޴Ӷܡ
Ȼ΢֪Լڲ˶֣Ҫ֣ħԸʹȻ֣ǲ
һ̳ͫħɫһҲ΢һ򵥣ûɱˣ֮Խ·΢ħƪеľҪ
ɿԳȻΪĺһѾǵ棬㿪΢һ
֮ܲˣΪõа޽ħƪִ¡
΢һ˽У¶֮ɫʵ㾿Ǻˣ
ħ
˵꣬Ѿʧ١
ħ
΢û̫ȣΪͲ³Է˭ڶħÿ룬ΪͲҲǸ
ȻǶħԷĻòֻǽħƪΪִ£Ҳһò¡
Գ𣬺һɵȻҲ֪˸ղ˵Ҫ֪Գͬޣɵ󾳵ʿԪ浤ߡ˵ʱڲͬ츳һаŸ洫һ˵ƾһȭӦԸֵ֣˺ɱܣ
ǿߣȻǶħƷ֪ħж
΢ȥ¼ħõа޽ħƪħˣ΢Ȼ˼ɡ
һ죬΢Ľ֮£Щԭħаȫħšֶˡ
һʼȻħΪǽħƪһĿɿڴһţ΢ħƪҲֻ
һǰаޣż죬˼ҾѾǼԶԶ¡Ψһܺħȼģֻħͷĺֵˡ
˵ĺֵڵһħΪ˶ħõем
ħȻسŵ΢Ϊִ¡ȻִµĵλҪȵӸ̫࣬רŵĶвΪ֮ū͡΢ħò죬ʹԭĵаרΪ׼ĶС
ˣ΢һºš
ִ¡
ħƪ΢ħõħ޽ħԼߣħһѧͻᣬܽԼһݾ
ȻȻ˼Σħί΢ħõӵĴ֮¡
ԳǸ΢ÿһÿڳϸʵļ죬΢Լ
ħ֮ΪȻҲļ죬ʱ䣬Ϳ޵ĿС۷ˡ
ϣĿ󾳡
ΪħͬΪ΢ħԣת΢ħҲͬɵ
⼸ʱ䣬΢Ҳ˶ħ˲֪ʵĴν̫ãΪħñ̫Сûһְ΢ٷְٿԵϴϡ
λĿ죬Ȼ˼ʡ
⼸ʱ䵱У΢Ҳܹٿ˳֮˵սһ⣬΢ʤսߣˡ


ʮ 
磬ͷܲڶħõĽǶϣһֳֳħްȻȴĶ֡
ħò˽´򶷣ҪְλǾҪʽһ㣬ҪǱս߲ӦսǾͽλøսߣˣҲһ
ȻûпʼһƬյΧѾвٶħõħΧۣƽľδػôˣαսһڶħúǴִ£˳ħ
ԣŻô˹ս
ִô˰ɣ˵ս߲򵥣ΪܸߣħǿڽɽǱߣɱʿ
ƨִºεݣⶡҿⶡ˷Ѱ·ǰղҲ˲֪սִ£أǱΪһħӵߵħ˵
ô˵Ƕħõˣ˼͵ִ£ҲвҶǰս߲ͬ޵ħ֮ΪոͻƵ˺浤磬Ⱥδزܽħܡ
ԣǶֶ֧Ǹɵ

ʱͻȻһҽдղŽ׵һħޱһȭԴԽͬ鶹һɢһءʬ£ֱӵأٿֵģһ˫泤Ĺˡ
㣬ǳ˹Գ㾹Ȼɱˣŭ𣿡һħŵĺһ˭µֺŭ
ԳĻֱֳһʵȿֻһ˫۾˵´ǿԷʲôλóһħޣҲǱԳ׺סˣĻ˻ȥ
Ϲ⶯ͳϰܸܲĸģ϶ֵ֣ôġһʱ˵Ťͷһֶ
ֶжţ˽ħúͿʼޣƽﶼѵһû뵽쾹Ȼ˳
ֵܣƨħҵֵܡԳ˵˿ûнֶһ˿Թȴûз
һϷı飬һ²ؼ
ʱĺֵܺҲˡĺֵأȻǱħãΪĺܿ죬˭֪ĺֵεıǴˣΪȴĺֵ׽ˡ
ĺֵˣźֶ񣬱ϾĺֵаϴǶħִ֮һ
Զźֶĺֵֻܶ΢΢ͷȻͿϣһԲ
⼸ĺֵ鲢ãаΪ˽Լʵ˭룬˶ħ֮󣬳ȫǲ֮⣬⼸ˣȻǶĻɶԷ磬ᡣ
źֶ˵ˣҰļ֮ˣ˶ħΪ󺣣ͻɽΪӲˣ͸ҲԼģֱ޴ԼҪ֪ĺ
ĺ־üֵģħ
˵ʵǰڤӽݵʱôûзĻԷ֮ߣ֮ƾŽħƪȻǱħʶôͱγִ£ҶԼٻӶ
ջǣˣǳ˹ԳҲһԼĵǲħộҪ͹Գ˶û
ĺ۲ѾǼǺ¡ͶŻֶͬΪ̫࣬ʱƿأϴһ㽫ɽħ֮ܰ˹ɱ˵ǴԤ֮⣬Ϊ϶Ļ졣ټ϶ԷԼǲúýѵһħöԷף˭аϴ
̧٣ĺֲ⽫ɱ
ԣԹۣȿ˵ڳħ޶ĺֿԲħĶ֡
ħ΢֮ǰɽħܰ˹ˣⶡܱܰ˹ǿ
쿴ִˣ
ˣΪˡ
ħ޿ʼǶ΢ˣ¶һ˿ЦνħҶɲǰսЩϣ˷ҶȻִ֮λ
˭֪Ǳ߻΢ѹûûаγ
ŭͬȣһ˲䵽΢ǰ̧һгʱǻʮӰ˷ϯ
ӰδѾͬһ㽫΢ǰ漸״ĵʵķ飬ǼӲĺʯ⽣֮Ҳͬһ
ٿħ˿ͻȻ̧һһٶȼĽâȶǽӰٶȿʮֹڶԷûзӦʱ򣬱㵽˽ǰŵֱð亹ҲǸոս浤ĸ֣æܣĶ˰ģȻܿҪһٶȼĽâȴǽļһ»һѪ


ʮ ˮʽ
΢ոյĲǽâֻһˮѡ
ħͷͨ΢Լչ١˵񽣾ľŴʽвһʽˮʽ
˽ʽֻֽһˮͿԷâ֮΢Ҳͷһʩչû뵽ˮʽ
һԹأ΢׾ͽԷͬһĹ߽⡣ǶҲѰħޣȻ򱻻ǿһ˼ֱա˿̶˾벻ףǶ֪ʧſ죬һ
鵨ħ𣡡
䣡
ΧսĶħõħޣ˿ҲоǰһĿѣҡҡ׹ƵħһżΪħʩչ˲ʧΪãֱӱҲǳ¡
Զħ޶ˣ֪΢ܵĳ
ʵϣ΢һҲͷĿѣΪߣҲǲԷЧġ
ͷĿѣ˲䣬΢֪Ͼʤ
ôľ룬Կٽ΢ȻҲԡ
һ̣ǶЦһֱӻӽ̹΢ʯ֮ʩչ̫䣬ԷгסƬֽ̣ɱΪߣ˿̾ȻǷ̧һƣЯɱɽˮһƣ΢ؿ˹ȥ
֣
ⶡǸ֡
Ӧٶȣս飬ǰһǧһĴڣ΢ҲͷһѲĶ֡Զ㿪΢ͻȻ뵽һУҲǴһƣͶԷơ
أ
һ죬˽µʯͷֱӱ顣
Ϥֶεħ޶ǹһЦֳʤˣĽȺƷħҺƵĻûСһƣһͷī޻Уξ㲻Ҳзˡ
ͬ뷨ĻвħޣǼΪħĳ˹Գ˿Ҳ¶֮ɫԱֶһЦĺޱ飬ҲּˡãħЩˣöԷһҲǺ£һԼҪƿа׵Ķࡣ
ҪǣĺֵҰļĺֵǻˣܱܵȸԴҪ򵥵Ķֻ֪࣬ɱɱҪĶ࣬ΪˣĺֵܲŻΪа֮ףױȵʵͷԡ
ĺֿħʵǿᣬúˣһʵϣĺֵ뷨ǣڶʱʵͬʱƿħãʱ죬ͻսħֻҪɱµ
ħ޵Ĺأһʵ˵
ħγ˴ҲһЩԷԼƿأ
ĺЦˣֻЦûгƬ̣Ȼֹ
ΪϵȻ仯ΪѾռ˾ƵĶ˿̾Ȼһ֣
ħڶƣӣƺҪˣȥ
ʱ򣬾ͼħһ䣬ָͬһսһ죬ƾȻǱ顣
ͨһȻǹڵϣʼҽС
˹һĻڳеħ޶סˣһĿ⾪ֵĿˡͼħ߸ϣŶԷѾεƣԿһɹɾͨƣӶ
⣬ʲôаħ޾
еѪħѪħе㲻񣬿쿴б仯һۼħ޺
˿ȥͼȻǿٵďCȥƤڹͷϣͷ·ľһ㡣
ɱ¾ħޣһĻҲͷƤ顣ǱǶšֶĺֵܣһɫ
ֻƬ֮󣬶ͬɵһر״ֲ
ٿħѪӿħһ㡣
ִ´ȫʤһʹħ޼״ǿڹϲ˿ͷħҲѧһǰء
ִħ治
ⶡҲԲȻսִ£˻á
ûûǸʲôɫִܺᲢۣ翴˳ˣִɱʵǴģġ
мǸոʹħֶ֧ħޣôһ򣬾ת˷
Щˣ΢ȻᣬոܻʤҲʵǽңⶡȷԼҲѧ񹦣λ﷭񹦣ⶡĹ⣬׳
˵ɹҲܴ׶ˣ̫࣬ᷴ£΢Ҳûʱ俼Щ
ʹ죬ֻҪһ浤磬ӦþͿ˳ڷҵˡ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ֻͨɵĵѹҲ΢ͬʱֵ;˼ѧ񹦣Ҳֻһ³


ʮ 
ôڳеħ޶֪񹦣ֻΪԼʩչʲôħȫסˡ΢ҪľЧħߣҪԸôôԽţԽɱЩħ޵Խη㣬ԽܵõλȨơ
ͬɵͱɷŻˡ
ʱ΢аȻˣĺֵܴ˿˹ЦΪ־ˣֵֻܶ˹ªţ֪ոõģʲô
ĺּթĺܾҪֱӵĶ࣬˿ҲǴ֣ʲôħ̫ˣһ˶գ֮˸ɣܲܽ̽ң
΢ÿɷЦλĺѧȻԣħҲĳŵõģ಻Ƶĵطһ޸ħĳȻ˫ַϡ
仰ɵӶڷܣĺֻЦЦûпĺԴ򵥣Ȼˣ̵˵ģҵذ
ʱĺͻȻ˵ڤа˶ħãѾһκò룬Ǻúóһؾ⣬Ҳһ£Ҫͼλֵ顣
ĺ˵΢ͳ˹ԳҲӣˣֶǶŶΥ档
Ͼĺֵܵʵ
΢ħ˿иϳĺֵܵļƣȻԲӣڳ˹ԳֻħĻҲ˵ֻҪ΢Ӧû
á΢Ҳ뿴ĺֵҪʲôȻ֪ĺּҰģ²ûкԼĿͻûбҪַܾ΢ļƻҲûкô
ħӦˣĺȻܸˣкȥħÿƵһӣһõľ¥Ҫ˾⣬ʼԴȡ
ħУҲзˣֻЩ˶ħ޿ƣȻħõħԷѹøǮġ
֣λֵܣڤаҲǿԴչȭţǰ;Щħޱ߸Ҫ׽ܶ࣬Ӧﻥĺʱ˵ָ
Ȼ⻰˵΢ģ˼˵ħʹǴħģӦøж£ӵңЭҡ
ûӷģʵϣħͻȻչֳǿʵĺֵܼɵǿӲֶαͷˡ
ʵϣĺֵѾ޷ڤаĿǰ״̬ͷĿΨһƿߣ˶Ӧ¡ΪħͻȻа⣬ħô˹ԳҲһͰˣû뵽źֶȻҲĻϲ⣬ʼΥĺ޿̣֪뾡Щ鷳˶Լֻܼʵħҵ
죬ĺ־ʹ̯ƣΪʱ䲻ˣħղΪ֮ǰ࣬Ҳ˵ȥԷܻܿԽԼʱ򣬿϶޷ƿˡ
ֻҪħ㶨ôȫû⣬˹ԳȻԼĶ֣ҶԷԼһȫħʣµĶźֶǼ򵥣һոħǾԲΥԼ
뵽ĺͻȻɫһֻλֵҲˣħ򲻺û찡ħһһǿڶħҲֻҺִµλã˵ĺһ㣬һͷͷ˵һ㣬һȵģֵҪ𣬱šһһʹܳ¡
˵һۣĿÿһɨȡһƿϵȻҪ£㹻ΪΪλֵΪϸһҷѾ˼漸λֵ˼öҩ֮󣬿ɼΪһǴºγɣ
˵꣬Ц˼ֻĳܻܵйԳ֮⣬һɵӣǹԳ˿̶Ǵϴһĺɣ˵ˡ
ôƽ޹ŪĵҩҪ˳ȥ˶ǰ׳һǶҩǳѰ·㲻Ƕҩ˵ҲʲôŹ֣Ҫ֪ħУвܿ˵ĵҩеǶеǹƣн뵤ҩ֮ڲӡӴ˰ڲ
ȻⵤҩҲпܵȷ˵Ϊڳÿһĺֵǰ˼
û˱̬ĺֵɫһλֵܣҪ˷һ⣬ˣǾֵܣӴ˹ı£ֻҪĺֵܶ˵ĳԵģ;Զλ
أʻǹԳ棬˼Լ򵥣ʲôˬ飬ֱӾͿ˵ˣʲô˼ɡ
ԣȻƲңңǣֵܣҲգĺִ˿¶֮ɫǴƺɱɵӶܿԣ϶ǲֵô򵥡


ʮ 
һӣźֶɫѿǼԿ϶ⵤҩйŹ֣ˣǴӴ˾͵ĺ֡ȻǲԸ⣬ɲԣһĺ̶ֵ֣ҲԲǶ֣һʱѵС
ʱԻһվԥһҩ£ȻˣԺͬЭ磬޶ģţֵֶܣһ仰ɡ
Ȼ˵ҩȻҪˣű˱̬
һ±˵źֶȻҲװɵҲǹĺܣ˿̾Ȼͷһðһ⣬ԼͬĿǱħ
УֶǿڵԸԣҶȻ档
ò˵һкìͷֱָħҲ˵ħԸ⳼ĺֵܣҲûӣħԸ⣬ҲԵҩĺֵܲǿ²ˣӲɣ
ĺֶʱа£Ҳ˵ʲôֻǿ΢Цֵ֣ܶ˿Ǻн飬ҳɾͰҵȻ㹲
֮⣬ǿħ̬ˡ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼе΢ϡ΢ҲͿһƿҩ⣬治Ǳĳֶа䷨ӳ棬һˣĺֵܵƿصУǰԼ˱
£΢ôͬ⣿
˵΢ħԸҲˡֻĺֵڽ˱̬΢㽫һϵάһʱ䣬ڿǲˡ
Ҳգֽ飬öϡ
һЦ΢ͻȻǱ߳˹Գ΢վҲվߵ΢
ĺֺĳ죬ֻⵤҩȻĺò׵ģĳܶŰɡ΢ֱӾܾȻЦ⣬־Ȼȴ˭ó
ĺһɫһĺҲһʾԱ߶źֶаϲǱͲˣ¶ԷĺֵܣֻǽƾΥںˣħͷȻӦľܾ
֪ôⵤҩϴòŪģԣ㲻ԣĪǲӣΪĺֵߵһһ˳ƣʼָƺ΢ʶ̧١
΢ǺǺһЦҲ֪ƤϾҪ˺ˣҲòŹ˼ʲôҲǺʲôҲ˵ȻˣҾͲ㣬ҲԣҺΣ
㣡һʱȷ˼Ҿǲӣ
ʱĺֵҲ֪΢ǲǵˣҲĺȳڵɱ𾴾ƲԳԷƣˣ˭Ǵħģ˭ǽħãֵܶˣڻɳͳ֮صĹأĻڣ˷⣬˶ħõִ¡
΢ҲǳصģȻԷҪ˺ҲһôǵãһǺɽħ֮ɱôܱħ򣿻Уִ֮λĳһ֮ãĺֵֺæ˵⻰ǻơ
ĺƢ꣬΢һٷǺʧȥǣӶ߳߳˲ն˹
΢ӲԱ߳˹ԳѾǿһָצݺץȥ
Գצķͬһ㣬ͶԷһײǱһ
¥
Ϊߣ̽ԵĽ֣Ҳǽӱ飬¥ľͷι̣һֱӺ¡һ
˼״һ׷ǵû£ֻķȴһƬ޵
ϣĺֵܺվһ΢͹ԳԳ֣Ƭ֮ǰǻڰѾԻֵܣڣѾһԲϣۿҪ֡
źֶǶһԣһ̬ơ
ʱһֱûпڵĺֳ֣ǿˣٸһλᣬֵܣǵˣ
΢ǱҲǺãĺ֣㲻ֵܣǵҩʲôè壬Լ
ãȻˣǽգǱָʤɣҶĽĽһĺִ˿Ҳǰγĳһɱڡ
΢ҲǽħĹǽγֽ
սһ
ʱǱжħõħͻȻλִ£Ҫ£жħִ顣
΢ĺֵһ֪򲻳ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ħħĻʥּ˵ȥͲ˿飬ýֺͷ
ߣ֣һˣԺ㣡ĺֵ˵꣬ݺݵĵ΢һۣ̾ʹ뿪΢Ҳǽߵʱ򽻴Գȥ


ʮ ֮
飬ԳԥվԼһߣ΢֪ڹԳֵεģҲԼһð֡
Գͷ΢뿪
ħƽձ֮أúھʯ޽ɣΪ׳ۻ
΢ϵʱ򣬶ħõִѾ˲٣Ҳ˺üħõĶǵλѾǺܸˣ˵һֻĸֻҲ
ڶħУ΢ĺֵܣ˿̶Էƣ΢֪ͶԷ黹꣬ڣȿħôżټǰҪʲô
ĺܿ죬еִ¶Ѿ룬ŹֵλֻʱһµĶħһŰгϣ֮ϡ
ħ޼״æ񣬰ݼ
ټǰмҪ˵ǹǶħú;ħɽׯĳԹҶ֪;ħɽׯ̣ɽһƬֻǶħðѿأɾħɽׯ޳ܣȻϮɱǶħõлѾ̽ǾħɽׯׯΪ˲ɱҶħϺڣԽұѻħۺˣֻҪɱǽΣԴлλã͸
ħ˵˵֮۷׷ףִ¶¶֮ɫȻ֮λǴΡ
ĺֵҲĿŹ⣬ѾǴ⣬ȻҪ֮λ
Ҳͷѣ֪ħɽׯׯǵħޣϾɱлǵдˣ¶֡˿ֻ̣ǲ˵ġ
ȥɣ˭Ƚɱˣ˭Ƕħ˵꣬ϰħޱǿһ׷׳˳ȥ
˵һĻᣬȻǵв˶֪ħɽׯҲǲԻׯθǳѾõħޣֶκɱ飬뵽ֻҪɱ⽹ΣܳΪħö֮һðһЩΣҲֵõġ
Ҫ֪ħҲһǿħɣǶħռһѪأΪ֮󣬱ʸÿա
ѪأֻǽѪ죬ΪҲмĺôȥޡ
˿ԽѪأܵõҩԼħҶ֮λ֮£ΪˣŻöħеħĶѡ
ħִ¾ϰˣһǧ֮ڣϢһȥ˶Ķˡ
֣΢Ҳȥմա
һħޣͿ϶ħöλãȻܷŹ΢ҪʱħﴳãֻһЩħ޵ע⣬ħ޸߲㣬˲ܻȡɳ鱨Ϣ
΢ҪսϸĲ£Աץʱ䡣
ȥ֮΢ùԳȥԼץħõƵӣϸѯʾħɽׯϢׯΣԷ޾ϸ΢֪
֪֪˰սֻǶħõЩħ޶Ծħɽׯ֪Ҳ࣬΢ǼӸߣ룬ʰһ£ŹԳ뿪ħá
Ҫȥ̽ϢҪŪǽʲôΪںδֻܽɱ
ħħ˵ĺֵҲ뿪ˣҿ϶ĿһжźֶҲڴ̽ħɽׯϢҲɱǽΡ˹Գʱ˵ƽʱԳɵɵģ΢֪Գɵ෴ҪĺҪܶࡣ
ĺֵܵЩвֵһᡣ΢мСǶźֶʵΪԼĺֵܸһΣΪľҲһǶҲɱΣ֮λֱ쿪
ԳһҲǴԴħ˵ûǶҶ򲻹ȥҲǰ״
΢˹ԳҲΪΣ벻Լٰħޣ߸ŵľȻһħͷӴʱˣ֪ԳȻײУϲ⣬ħȷĹ
Լħûа֣ԳΪߣͨһżΪġͨħԳȭ˵Ǿѵİ֡ϤԼ֪ԼħΪ飬治֪ǻθ롣
һ·̽΢ҲǶ˲ֶΣ֮̽ǽε䡣
ϲŮϲľҹҹɹٵ£һ֮̽£΢֪ɱ˶ħõл֮Ҳ֪ħÿ϶ưոݣ϶ǶھħɽׯﲻȴڼõŮħҹҹϸ裬ңڡ
̽Ϣ΢ǴŹԳϹȥʱ򣬴󲿷ֶħõħ޻ûͷӬһת΢Ѿ̽Ϣռ鱨ıϣ󲿷ħ޶΢ʮǧ


ʮ ɱһ
ҹ˾ħɽׯΧħ޿Ƶһ䵱Уڼȣ͹µŮħ۵ϳ۳ݺᡣ
үһ㣬ҹھù˷һ¶ЦŮħޱѹ£˿ĵ
СƤģ㽹үħ޵У˵һҹҹû⡣˵˱ǽΡ
Ȼףȴƫƫǳһ۵ƤǴҲǷ棬ӢӢȴǴа֮ɫȻһѪɫħ࣬˿ĶħϵƺҲڻޱȡ
棬ħɽׯħΧսҲЩͲסûӣ˭ǾħɽׯСආȻǴĵҲֻܸɡ
ħɽׯҲʮǾħɽׯ򣬰ȫûʲô⣬⼸ħʮи֪ԼλүǰոϮɱ˶ħõһҲûΡħʵ;ħɽׯ޼ֲɱ϶Ϊһ;ħɽׯȫ濪ս
ڶԷħû᲻ǰɱǵĽүǿ϶ģ⼸ʱ䣬ڽүĶħħҲв٣ȻǺġ
ʱһħԴ׵Ĺ䣬ûأͱһֻҹɫĴץסΪΪͻȻͷ徹Ȼվ漸ħΪڿӽεĴսһʱ֮侹ȻǺ޲
ţǵڶħԴ
ʣµһħûӦͱһѪ콫Դҧ
ѪȻǳ˹Գҧħ޵Դ֮һץͽԷʬߣûзһ
һ˴Զͷ·ǴҹɫͻȻֵһ
ɫ磬ŹߣֳֹǽħҲ΢
ΪܴɱǽΣ΢⼸տ˵ɷѿģǱħɽׯ⸹أǻ˲ٹ
ҹ㶯֣ǽɱ
εʵĿ󾳣⿴磬Ѿ΢Ҫߣ΢ʵھ磬Ϊһɱలš
ħ˼ݣ΢òַһֶҩ
䷽΢ӽˣҩɽ˿һҩ԰٣΢кܶջ֮һǽҩɽҩ伮һ飬˵ģʲôĲҩʲôЧ΢Ҳǿҩѧʦ˵ҽһҽ֣ȻҽôܲһЩҩ÷
΢б޻ˣʹӽѧҩͶҩ䷽û뵽ħȴˡ
һõǶҩһ涾
潻棬΢ɱΣ˸شɱԷǶ̫϶Уҽʱ̫ҲУһħɽׯеĸ֣˵ɱΣԼ͹Գܲȫ˶һ⡣
΢ѹûͶԷһһľĿýȻŶԷԴȥͣô򵥡
Լħһթ̶ҲֶεħޣʹʲôֶβҪ
ڶħþ󲿷ͷԼֻħȣ΢˶һЩħ޶ھħɽׯ֮⣬βܻȥȡͷʱ΢ѾˣֻһͿԳɹ
ʵĿ󾳣΢͹Գһа˳ɰտԽնɱܲˣ΢˽췢Ķҩ
ֶҩ䷽׻ȡ΢ħʱʹˣҩú֮΢㽫ɫζֻҪԽȥһ㣬̾Ϳ˽ʱĶҩ͵͵µ˺ͽһõŮħ޵ϴˮ
֮ǰҪӽξԲףǽӽһʵߵŮħޣǾûʲôѶˡ
΢۲죬Ůħ޺ǽλ֮ǰҪ裬ǶҩմϣһαȻж
ʱ򣬾ֵʱһ£ǽ˶ҩʩչټģ˵ɹĻʼ
˿΢͹ԳѾǽŵĸħϢɱҲǽθŮ˵Ĺ뷿УĸζӰ֪ҶԷͷϣңʱ̣˵飬ĿΪȻԲ⣬٣ᵽеѪζ
΢Գ˸ɫ߻⣬ϼʬ˺飬ʩչаŵһѪħⷢ΢ԼϢĽӣѾֹŹֵԼͳĺŮ˵Ľ
ƽʱ˿΢ָϣ˿΢ָһ˿ӶһĴ֮䡣
ʲôˣαϾĿ󾳵ĸ֣Ȼ˿εʱ̣ǲ˶
̫ˡ


ʮ ɱ
΢ֱ߾һˮ˿ѾˮУֽβ˦ֶᵯͼһˮ˲̡
δʧɫҪӦȴһͷĿѣ
ʣҩˡ
ɲ֮䣬εͱˮ߰˸Ѫͬʱ˿ѾǺһεԴ
񽣣ˮʽѾ⼸ŮħȫɱЩȻǲڣ£ǻ
ڵصͷ΢һץͽͷץС
εı֮ǰʱ̣Ȼû뵽þħɽׯׯȻѸ٣˵ı
ô˵ˣԸⲻԸ⡣΢̾ߣ룬ȴǳմѪǽд˼֣д֮ߣͣ
³ɣߣ
⣬΢ŹԳ˵һ䣬Ȼ˳ҹɫٳ롣
˵һδɱƻ΢ŵǼΪܣûκ©ڶһ·˾ħɽׯƿصĵؽ綼ûб˷֡
Ҳ΢ˣһ㡣
ǰһɽ꣬΢һۣͻȻͣ½ŲԳûΪʲô΢ͣͣ£ûκβ
΢˵һ䣬ԳҲ¶֮ɫȻûκβ
˵֮˺ܲ򵥡
˿΢һȻĺ֣Ȼˣһɡ
䣬ͿΧӰĺֵܺԻ˿ĺֵܶһĺֳ߳߳ɱڣĺҲŽ¶Цݡ
֣ôż֪Ҫʲôȥһ˵ĺ۾һֱ΢òһ̰֮ɫ
ǽεԴ
΢ҲЦһĺֵ֣ܶ˺ڴ˴֪ҪʲôˣҲһгɣʲô¡
ħĺֹһЦ̧һУ˷ʮɱڵħޣȻĺֵڶħİ֡
ʱڣĺֵܾȻ˶£ȷЩֶΡ
ʵֵܶһֱ֣һû뵽ֵΪ֮ǰȻһֱ̣˲𣬶ڶ̶̼ʱڣȡ˽εԴܣУȻ˴϶ֵ֪ܶ˵⣬ʶȤͽ£Ժǻֵܣ򣬱ݹֵܶ˷ˡĺЦ˵˿ûоò˼
ͱħ޲ͬĺִһʼûԶȥɱΣһɱףܿʧܣҲûбҪԶ֣ʱ˭ɹˣֻҪסͷɡ
ĺֶħ˽⣬Է⼸նӰ϶ȥԸǽˣԣͰڴӾħɽׯضħõıؾ֮·ϣ΢͹ԳŴṦ͡
΢һЦ
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΢Ȼ֪֮²ˣһֳֽһŽεͷһܣͻȻĹԳԳˣЩˣԸˡ
ԳȻ֪΢˼˿ɭɭһЦȻ˵ֱӳĺֵ˹ȥ˻ûһȭѾҳȥƿ
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ĺֵܴŭֵܶˣȻȥֲʵȴ൱ǿȻԷҲܳΪа֮ס
˿Գ˹Գľһȭ˷ĺе߳߳˿̾ȻðһŻ⣬նһɳ̵Ļӿ
أ
ԳһȭǻϣǱĽΧ׷Χյİ
һ֣Ǳڶħ޺ԻҲʩֶΡ
΢˿ҲǳֽЩħɱһΪڵħԭĵûʩչģ¶ڡˮʽΣҼ֪񽣾еĽʽ΢õĺ˳֣˿̿ڶħޣйǽ͵һɨԱˮеĻˮ˲ʱ䣬һâʮħޱ΢ˮʽɱڵ
ʱ΢ͻȻоΣϮæȥͼ֪Ӻδð˼ֻǿʸѾԼš
΢æżأֱֱȥӽһɨŽЩʸ
˿̽촫΢ʩչṦ̤նһ룬ոڵһƬطѾȥ澹ȻǱ˲úõ壬Ǵ˶ļ̣һȥ
ڿУƿ𣬾ȻǱֳֳ߼΢ڣ˵ˣҲܲ߼


ʮ ׷
΢֪ԷԻɱóıǲ壬ùԶɱС
ǻˣʱǾ͵΢ˣʯ֮䣬΢Ѿϵɰ鴮˦žһɰ۶ɵɢһɰϣ΢С
һ죬֧ʸѾǷ׷أɰϵ
һֻǷڵʯ֮䣬˫Ȼǻйأ΢ɱ˶ԷʮˣҲǽ΢վ
һߣ˹ԳʩչһͨħԳȭһ͹ĺֵܼսһ𡣲óԳͣĺֵȴӦԴݣһ㣬֪ԳԲĺֵܵĵ֡
˵Ĺ̥ƲԳԷƣҪħգұ㽫̥նɱĺֵ˵꣬ĺڻӽĺѾǿʼ䣬ʩչ
գ֮䣬ĺ˫ϽӡһָһɫĹۣȻֱԳȥޱȣһһȭâײһ
һΣԳȴƺһֱӱâɳȥʮ⣬缸ѪԳһֱۣѾѪģѾϡ
ֻǼˣԳҲûвҽгȻħԷҪɱһѪ·ʱҽУֻǷɢħעһԣȻһֱ۱ϣȻǲ˷Ѫħģĸ첲Ӷһֱ۴˹ȥ
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ĺֵܴ˿̷ȥһɨҪԳһֱնϡ
ڴ˿̣ĺе߳߳ͻȻ֮·ʮֹ˿̾ȻҲЩòס۵һһ󽣾Ȼǵڵء
ħĺֵܼæȥȴǷ¾Ȼڶ̶ʱ֮˸⡣
ʮħ޲Ҳ֫ȱ
ٿǱߣħֳֹǽһ䷨֮
㣬㾹Ȼɱôˣô᣿ĺֵһţȻû뵽ħȻ˿ɱôˡ
ǵĴ㣬ȳԳȻһԸħû뵽Էȫ
ĺ˫ͫһ֪Сħ
ԷʵĻҪ
ֻǣôܣħĵϸȻȫ֪ԷΪȴǱȽģ֮ǰħͻȻչֳǿΪѾĺֵܰ˼⣬ΪħһЩΪֶΡ
ô˵Ҳ˿ͽԼôɱԲ˽ħһ㡣
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δ䣬͸оʲôסĺͿһ㣬Ǿðħ޻֪ʲô֪ǡ淨ͬǵȻûʲôɱȴǿڶʱ޷˵
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һ䣬һģͨˣ
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ĺֱԣʩչʵϣħҲЩɵģڿԷȻ׾ٽԼȫɱԼһͳĵĺпȻǱ΢壬⡣Ҳһʱ֮κηӦܵȻԴҪ򵥵Ķ֪࣬˿Ѿп־壬΢նһæʩչʯ赲
أ
һ죬΢ǽǽԷʯܻ飬ĺֵһֱն
΢ʤ׷ĺֵܳɱʱͻȻӾħɽׯӿź̷·īˮһ㣬мž
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ħħɱׯһ֮ٶȼ죬Ƭ̼ȴ΢һ֮䣬ĺֵѾץסߡ
˷ĺֵܴһʣı΢ɱ⣬ټϺ΢һ־ʹ·磬ĺֵβ֪΢ľ޴࣬ӵĺԥ
΢Ҳûȥ׷ɱĺֵܣҲûߣȻǼ߲ƣȽԳ˳
ħħߣԳأɱڵӰĺзɳҲ֪


ٰʮ ħ
΢˶Թ˶ãǺˣǻˣ΢ᱨҪ۶ԷǺ˻ǻˣ΢
˹ԳȻһϲóħޣħȷĹʵġ
һ΢Գˣ
嶼棬ʲô
ʣ׷ļħ޸Ǿħɽׯħޣ⿴Էƾ֪Ϊٶħޡ
΢Ҳ֪ԳԷɡ
΢Գ̶оȳߡ
ħҲߣߡԳĺֵܷһֱۣ˿̾ǿغ
Ҳ޼£Ϊ̫סЩˣһһϣȥħҲоȣȥ΢˵һ䣬˫ץŹԳһףԳǸߴӰֱӷ˳ȥ
΢ѾԪ浤۷徳֣һǧʯԶȥ˵һˡ
Գ֪ħ˵û˵һֱۣսǿʱҲԵסǼħɽׯħ޸֡
ħĻȷһϣ
֪صĹԳٲԥƴһؿ񱼡

ܲˣȥ׷
Ӻ߳ľħɽׯħУһ˳˵Ҫȥ׷
붼룡
΢ħȥ׷ɱԳͬ˵ԳȥȱΨһķʩչˮʽԱˮеˮץס䣬ͼ콣âԷȥ·
ħ޲Ȼŭ΢ƣǿ΢һֻֻһѪİ֪ǽεͷ
ħɽׯ׷ħһˣ˿̽΢Χסϸһ˾ȻһŮһһ٣ϵǸΪ󾳣ǸСɷħԣŮħС£ȴǷɫѩüһѪɫӡǣ°׷ѪӡϳһּΪ޵С
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ħУɫϣΪΪһʵħ
ǡ΢˵û˿η塣
ɱ˽Σһħŵʵ
΢ǷЦĪĳµѪ֣ûп
ɱ˾ħɽׯׯ΢ʱöԷѪǽ֣ǣɱߣħ
ʣ΢Ҫκλᣬ׳Լ
ħУħ޵൱ҪеħһӣӦ棬á
΢ҪʱȥȻҲҪ뾡취Լɱǽǽ֣Ϊǹ񣬵ȻЧҲã˴£ԼͷҲ쳹һƬ
еɱǾħɽׯˣȻ֣ǲ֪η죬λׯһǰҪɱ˽εͷҲģܹƽǸħ˵ӹɵ
ǵŬŬɲôɱġ΢ʱ䣬˵ħޣԼǺʤ㣬ֻҪԳܵһʱϻȥͨħԼоȡ
ʱӣΪ˴ʧˣǻܵĸ졣΢ĴǾʱ䣬ֵԽǿƺеԽпȡʱ䣬Ϊ˻͸Լʵ϶̽ɱ֡
񣡡ħ޴˿䣬Ѿȳ֡
̧һģһħӡݺ΢΢Ȼ֪ħӡħǿһСħ޵ħޣʹҲǺܸߣʩߵΪҲие͡˿̣ħ޴ħӡڿУϾѾһεķѹ΢ǸоΧͬһ㣬Ҫƶѡ
ħӡĿֲ֮ӡûѾķ
΢óһħӡпɣȻԼ֮ǰļƻɹˣΪֵ̫ǿƣöԷɵУֻħ޳̽һûȫ
ֻ΢Ҳ֮̽Լסһħӡǽţǿ籩һ͹
ʱԼɡ
ڣ΢ҪľЧǴ߶Ϊƽֻ֮ûж㣬ͬ䷨ʩչħӡϴ
΢ħӡǵ˶ħ֮ħȻħȻǾҪʹħǵŷ
ӵľ΢κιٶȼ죬΢ԣǳԲĹҲϸ硣
ħӡħʹΪ㷺ħ΢ȻҪѧ
˲ʱ䣬ħӡײһ
֪ôĶȻ뱾ׯƴħ޼΢㲻ܺԹŭ
һԵŮħʱͻȻ岻ҪУħܽߴɱ˵ЩֶΡ
ãСˣ߸֮ʱ͵ϮŶҪ涷ħߵĶ֣ħһм˷ãǱ㿴νħɱ߱𡣡


ٰʮһ ħ
ʱħҲ˵Ҳеħӡƴľǹ˭ĹȻܵشҿħŲϢ
˿ħӡײ죬޴ӣžž졣
ׯ˿̵۾ӳ˹˲ʱ䣬ħӡһȦѹ˼ߡ
΢ҲǼӳ˹ħӡƴħ޶Уͬͷţһ㣬˭ãƴ͹˭ǵס̾ͻһͿأֱӱɱ
ӣׯħӡħĳࡣ
Էħӡһһ³ȥ΢ħӡƺЩ֧Ųסׯ˷ܵ⡣
˷ʱˣȥɱׯҲǸüкӡŮħ޾Ҫ֣ȴׯһУãɱô£ĪΪҴ
Ůħüͷһ壬ûж֡
磬ã˭׼æħұƴħӡǲܣ˻ΪҲˡ֪¶ħǱԮģ֮ǰұȻɽɱׯռϷ磬Ȼʮ㣬ׯһֻǵǷֳʤ
ׯʢעصľ棬˵С
ȻħƴħӡҪ潫ѹܡ
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ÿһۼҪɱʱħܻᱬһӳħӡϣׯӡƿһЩ
һȥʱãȻǻûзֳʤ
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ٿ˫ͨ죬ǱŭҪ潫ħɱ
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ͬʱׯׯ˿һ£㽫ħ͵ظɱ
ȻǱʶˣ΢ԷĶε̾˿ͬׯһ΢ȻǱħɽׯȻ˹Ρ
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ʵϣǰ֮΢ǴǵźòϳЩǺˡ
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֮Ҳ΢Ԥϵһ
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Ķħ΢Գ̴󹦣ǶħʱϵԼǾ͵öõƱˣֻʱǻᱻ˻ɡ
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ٰʮ ˭Ǽϸ
˵꣬ħһӣһǿĺӿ΢ħá
ħȻΪô˵ǷħʿֻƬ̾͵ħá΢˵ĹԳ֪ζħôȥԳ˵ӹΰ
˹Գ΢ĺֵܡ
ĺֵһֱ۱Լնϣ˿Ҳ˺ۣԼһңһ˿Ц
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΢ϸһ֪Էĵʲôˣĺֵܴ˾ѻԼΪ˶߽εͷ칦û뵽ȴԼɱƬײΪԼʩչ̫ͽ淨ĺֵܶȻ϶Լħ
ʱƺҲô˵
ȷһ鷳£΢δػ¡
ڴ˿̣ĺֵͻȻ߹Ҳ˭֮㲻ħǲݱ¶ͽ⹦øңδػܵסԼ졣
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΢ŹߣԷȻ¶ı֮ɫĺֵȴ

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һѪܵͷħ˶ǵһȻ֮ǰѾ˵ɱǽΣĿԷͷǴһ
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ڣξȻɱˡ
ٿɱˣǶħǶһССĴִ£ִ£ڶħϰٺš
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ܿ飬֤ǾħɽׯׯεԴɡ
λˣ֮ǰ˵ħ˭ɱǽΣԶлϵĶ֮λڣħ£ԣڿʼǶħĴ֮һħ˿̴˵ͷǶħõּ˵ȥĻóȥˮ˵˭ɱ˭λǾһʳԡ
ڳ˶ɫһҲʹ棬֪ǰתħӴҪλˣǷ׷ǰء
΢ȴף黹ûꡣ
ʱͻȻ˺˸ħһðƻпɳļϸ
֮˻Ȼ΢ŤͷһȻǿĺֵǰ϶Ǵĺ⡣
ħʶ꣬ΪϤǰҲ˳ڤаֵܣ֪ħʦйˣһʼ޵ľаͳĵǴȴǻ̫ͽһԸ䣬һɣɳʿϸ¡ĺֵǰ񣬿ӣȻҪ㽫΢
ħɳʿǵˣһ֣Ȼɱʱ˵΢ɳϸҪ΢ء
һʱ䣬֮ѻȸڳУҲвʶħĺֵܵģǶû˵ɲǿЦģûŪ֮ǰǲ꼰㡣
ϣħɫһ˫â۾΢΢ţɨħĺֵܡ
ʱħͻȻЦһĺֵܣ㵱ǲҪƤˣðΣȥɱΣΪǣΪֵ档·ȴǼ˵ʵãնһֱۣǱĻ⣬ֻ㵱ֵܣû뵽˴ȻҵѪˣ˵˵
Ҫ˵ƤӣʮĺֵҲȲһ΢Ȼ֪ĺֵܴ·ѣ΢ôܲ׼
һ仰΢Ͳȡ˶ħþ󲿷˵ͬͬԭܼ򵥣ҷѾĻȥɱ˽Σ·ȴǱֵܸҪ˵飬ҲûϾһ伫ħޣ鶷Ӯƾ£ʵǿɱ˶ṦͣҲ˵ʲô֮ȻˣݱǼϸǾħ޶òݡ
ħ޳ǿߣ޵ľִ򲻹ˣȴıƵСˡ
Ǹо˿ԼЩԾĺֵҲһ㶣ΪԼʮþȣû뵽ħȻ˿ţĪǣԼĲ´ˣ


ٰʮ ԾĹ
ĺǣĪ֮ǰĲ²Ǵģ
ܣ
ħϵȷɵأĺֵϸʱħһЩٶϸڣԽǿ϶ԼĲ²⡣
ңԼ´ˣﻢ£ҲԲɿڡ
ĺִ˿֪ԼֻһҧħǼϸ£а֮⣬˲֪ǰħ
ˣźֶǱҲҪ뷨ǰԼ˵ֻҪҲԼ˵ǽԷ⵹ĿԾ͸
ħһ仰ԼΪʸ֮ģĺȻԴУһתðƻҿѪ˵ŶԣҰ·ȥ㣬ȴΪͿðƻҪȽ£û뵽ðƻȻͬΪڤаҲɱˣǡǡ˵ǼðģħûΪԼֵʹɱ֡
˵꣬ĺֳϵĶħڤам˶棬ǽнʣһ˺˵˵Ҳܶ˵˵ɣ
ĺ֪Գӳţ˿ѾʹȥҽΣֻǽжźֶˣĺкܴջվԼߡ
ħ˵ͷ˳ȥˣһźֶ˽
Ƕħ񣬶ħڰ֣̾ʣĺֵ˵ħðƻ˵ɳϸȻͬΪڤа˵ǲǼϸ
⣿
źֶһʱһƣ֪ĺֵܺѾ˺ɼϸ·ͬСɣһ˵ԣ鷳
ĺǱһͲϵĴɫ˶װû
ڴ֮ǰѾ˵ħɱ˾ħɽׯׯΣ⣬ǶħĴ֮һ
ĺֵ˵ǺʻὫħһⲻԷ϶ᵹù
ͬĺֵ˵һԷ⵹֮ƣǣ
ôѡѣзգͿĺֵܺ˭ŪԷˡ
ǻأʵ˵ĺִ˿öԷشʵڸʩѹ
ʱ΢ֿˣ˵ĺֺ֣αΪ˭óǽѣ˭һδ֮ǰǱ˵ҲδʵҲδػɡֱһЩ˵ɳļϸãǼϸǿ϶ħֻҪ飬̾ͻн
һ԰ɳϸǿ϶ɵʿٰģٷְǲħģǾħˡ
ֻҪһǷħһˣ
ǱĺһЦ㵱ɵӣһʲôαװħޣһʲôĵҩԼװħܼ
΢һǰһָĺֵı˰壬ʲôι̥˵ˣôû˵пαװħ޵ķӣôû˵αװħ޵ĵҩ̥ʵڿɶΪ֤ףûαװķ͵ҩ
˵ˣĺ䣬żԹ֮ɫ˵ǹ̥Σ˿̺޲̽΢ʬΡ
Ǿȥסѣˣƾʲôҵģһ˵̥Ǽϸأɳˣ϶ģɡ
㣬˵һΣĺֱŭ
ˣ
ħһķ֣ǲ֪ʲôķֱӱĵȥһƬ
ҪƾʵݣãͼǷħһ飬һˣȥǸסĵطҺúѲ顣ħȻǶŭһɳϸǻǴ£ɴɱɴš
ĺִ˿һǵ϶Էè壬϶ס飬ֻҪһ˿նħЩħ޵Ը񣬱ȻǲŹħ
ֻγħԱϱ֮
ܿ죬ǰ̽飬˶ħǬеĶҲ˸׳졣
ʲôûѵ
ʱĺɫЩѿаĪħ治Ǽϸɾ㲻ǼϸҲȻ⡣
ʱǰȥѲסλˡ
ɫΪأɱǸһȺħ޸֣һɱڣӣʲôҪˡ
ϵĶħһ֪˶Ҳһ۵ʲôˣ
ǹִǱߣǲʲôûв鵽ĺֵܶס֣һƿҩסһڷֵģĿ
˵꣬һȡһƿҩ˫ַϡ


ٰʮ ϶
Ǳĺһɵۣܴܵ˿Ҳ㶵ﻹаô֪
ħһץͽһƿҩȡοƿţֵһϸ˿һ̣ħŭɫͫ壬ĺֵܡ
޳ܽƻɳϸصĹˣϸ£ħ˵꣬ĺֵĿɿڴ׻
⣬⣡ĺһʱûзӦô£ĺܼвħǻӶ˫ȭһħ޴ɳȥ
ܵܣ֣϶ᡣĺֵ۾ֻȻˣĺôһΧЩħ޸Ǻ飬ʮħһӵϣ㽫ĺֵΧڵС
΢Ѿһԣ֮һЦ
ڽħ֮ǰ΢ڿβµİȫԣԣŪЩαħȷЧȻԽһɵʿαװħħޣԷֱ١΢Ҳ֪֮ǰڰħļߣȴȫʧȥϵǱ˷ˡ
ôˣαħܱ֣ȻһǾԣһǳαħϵġ
΢ðգΪиõαװ
Ǿħħ΢֪Լ統УΨһһɵħ֮תʿһܣҲԼĻԵȻˣΪβһ
Ҳ˵΢ħ֮󣬳ΪħޣҪαħ
ЩҩǾͳ΢ΣʱһֻԽЩαħתע
˵ļһЩĺֵαħ΢֮ǰ͵͵źõġĺֵܶˣܵͣթ΢ڶԷаȥ¥Է֮ǰͿĺֵͼı졣
ʱ΢ֻǵĲϲεֵܶˣΣպ鷳ԽԷƳơ
˭룬ĺֵܶȻԸԼ·ɱһԼħò˵ι̥ĸо׼ҲǻԵɺϣ΢֮ǰһó
ײԼ֮ǰһЩյԼڵ֤ɽ˭ΪĺֵɳϸԷؼԷ֮ǰһУȻΪ˳ԼеͬʱȡλΪ㡣͵ʴף˻ֲ
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ڣԼ֪飬˿϶Ҳ϶ĺֵǼϸǼΪƻͼթļϸ
ǶħħޣʮԸˣ˶ɣ˾˵һǧ䣬һ䣬ҲδػţԼƶϳ飬ǱŲɣΪԼˣֻ˵ǲԼжϻ
ˣʵӺƭֻҪһַʽԼԷͻ㲼úõȦ׺嵱С
˿ĺֵ˵ʲôҲû˻ţҶԼ۾ģĺֵܵĽƱͽֻͣԽĨԽڰˡ
ĺֵȻʵǿޱȣħ޵İΧ֮£ܷʲô˻
һܵش׽
ڳĶźֶɵˣĺֵܾǲһǲսʤĸ֡
ʱǾĺֵܣڸոգܵĺֵвȣҲŶԷĻȥ˵ħˡڣǼλûôô˿ǻĺֵһɳļϸץ
ĺֵܵ³֪϶òˣħκһɳļϸҪôֱɱҪôɱ֮һ
˿̣ǶٿħѾǴ֮ɫ֪ħӽ쿪ʼͻλ
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ҵĽֱ˲
Ĳ˵ҪҪ
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ħȴǽһƿҩ䱦һպãȻЦһЩ飬㲢֪ΣǼϸ͵ʴף˲ɣһСİԼ¶ǵҩαħɳƵĵҩԽɵʿαװħʿֻɳϸŻС
΢꣬Ȼ
δɱΣһɱħɽׯׯν󣬴ӽ쿪ʼҶħĴ֮һ


ٰʮ ǧ
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Χħ޷׷ǰأħõĶѾǶħõĸ߲ˣȻǵͽᡣ
⣬һѪĻᣬҲǶĺô֮һ˶ˣҶħãֻʵħõӣӴһ죬ȻȥúʱһǶħԻдѵĻħ˵꣬΢ȥħõĺɽ·ħ޿΢һĽ
΢֪ħռһѪأħѪħõɳһЩĲᵱҲмأǱɳʿʹһʽ
ΪѪأ
Ѫؾۼ飬֮أҪγѪؼΪףûħɵʿһѪأ̻ᱻѪصеԹ֮ѪֻħħʿѪ֮׳ħ
΢ոձΪħͰѪ˵˵Ϊ˽΢γ֪λħǲģҪַʽ̽Լ
˵Ѿϸĺֵץ׼ɱӺԼߣҲ̽Լ΢Ҳôܰģ
˵ļϸ޽ģΪٸΣһɵʿûħħôѪصĺһֲħ˾ɳôϸʧ٣ȻǱ˷ݣ˽»߹Ĵˡ
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Ƭ֮΢˶ħõѪء΢ܶ飬ȻҲ֪ѪصĵȼħѪأΪļѪѾǽڵؼѪأѾ൱ˣħռһѪأֲǸħ
ǶħõѪأʮǰħ֮һħõģʮҴħãƽѾ֮ϵĴħͷȻһиԶĿ꣬һ֮Ϊҵ֡ħ⣬͸һΨҶİ
ȻħһħޣʮﴴħãܴôһƬأʵ򵥡΢ӵһʼʹûСƹλħԷÿһ仰ζ˿΢룬̵ԸΪǣ
ãҪңʵ̫ɲУڱѪɣΪ㻤ħ΢Ц΢֪ھԲһ˿һԥǻᱻԷߡ
ǰѪΧǺںɫʯɣмѪسɣǷӿѪѪ棬һħΪŨ
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ǵһѪأ֪ѪصһЩɣҪѪأҪͷȫ£֮̾ͻڣǷҲѵѪ֮ħЦ˵еһЩ
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ԭˣлѣ΢ô˵ȴǰȻ֪Ѫиʴ֮룬ȻᱻڣǬϵ
֮ǰǹװ֪ΪħûᣬֻӲͷƤȥڿħڲ֮䲻ϵ̽
΢£ֽժ£¶ס
Ȼ΢ıĿΪһѪأǴƤߣҲڣ¶ħһֱǴʾˣ˭֪ʲôӣң΢ԼòҲ֪ħ򣬾¶Ҳʶ
ġ
ѹ΢ٲԥѪصС⣬ħһ˫ͫ΢ѪأɫȻ
벻ħҲĿΣһΪһͷأˣΣһ࣬˿һź£Ϊ޵Ůӡ
ǧҪħ΢ѪغȻʼĿһ˿˿ĻҲɢ
ɳʿôαװħޣѪ֮Ҳ¶ڣᱻѪڵħմȾħȻû˵Էħħޣˡ
ڸո޵ŮӣȴǶħõһλΪܸߣǻ޶ȣϲľƤ۵ӡԣħһǧ֣˵ժߵħȷǺۡ
ȡЦūңūҲֻǡǰѪô˵ţǧȻһǲŴƣ¶κ˶Ϣ


ٰʮ Ӷħ
ħâһȴǹһЦ˲Сһ֪ʲô⣬ʿɶֹˡ
˵ֿ꣬˿Ѫħһ˿ĪЦ⣬תȥ
ǧһЦȴ̤ѪصУɫѪɫ壬ճһ־
΢Ѫصʱ򣬾͸оѪضԼħΪмĺôħƺ໥ɵħ˫֮磬ͬһ档Ȼ΢ϲʼѪصУħΪ
ħΣ
ȻлᣬΪʲôϾ΢ѾȫħԦ
Ȼ΢ҲָƣԼѪ֮ħɲٵ
֮ǰһȻڻԼֱԼѪغȻŷȥ
΢û뵽Ǹǧңѹ·Ѫء
Ҫʲô
΢ɲǳ磬һҲķӣŮǵԺΪˣ΢ȻҲǧһ˷ŮˣԿӶ
װͿˡ
΢ϵ׳Ϊ΢ʶУ˿̲ϴѪصɵħΪǿᣬԼħܵЩħڲϵ׳
ʱ΢ͻȻоһΪԼ
Ǹǧ΢üͷһ塣
Ůħޣ΢ЩӡģϾڶħã֮ҲǼΡ֮ǰ΢˿ûŮħ˵ķŵ
Ҫʲô
΢۾ĶԷԼһԷûɣԼ֮ǰǧҲû˿ɱ͵⡣
ôԼ˶޴ƣʵĪҪʲô
Լ
ܣҿԺܴ󣬵Ҳп̽ΪħޣµȻŵŮ˲ҪȻ˻ɡŮ˵ţֻߣǶħ⣬Ҳһֵ̽
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ʱ΢ͻȻ춯΢ͷһͻȻԭڵľ˿̿ʼ
춯΢ԼѹƲסһľͻȻһɰ΢ոڵħȫߣˣһǽ΢壬Ѫڵħ
ļΪͻȻ΢׼Ǵ˿΢ҪһŮħǧҲͻȻܵӰ졣
ͻȻ֣ħͻȻһɼǿȻڶȡڵĹ
һʼǧ⣬ǲмһЦΪΪħޣٶһЩ˹ħħһӶ֮·ҲҪаЦħȻҿԼΪʵǲ֪
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ħһ֮£ħֱͬ۵˲䱻߽⡣
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ʱƣò׻۳ħȻǱɣȫûκ˿̣ŵģֻΰѶԷ˵ҲЦڲ֮ǰħŮ֮һħΪ˭룬ûʼͷǱ
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Ϊħޣ֪ΪҪԣٱôȥľһǧɣ˲¹ͷħһûΪŮˣֻҪû֪һǼΪҵġ
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ڣ޷ֵ֮ڵħͬϪϵĻħڡ
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ٲסɱ㣡
һɱ㣬ͣ£
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ץ񣬷ŭп־塣
Ƭ֮ˣʲôƨ涼ҪֻҪΪһжڡ
ģңˣʲôԣˣǧ˿̿ʼˣħȻǸɵ˾ħɽׯĽΣΪħõ½ɲ̫ԶȻҪɫɹﻹƲԷġ
ڣˡ


ٰʮ ħ
˭뵽ħصȻǿӶħѾֲ֧סֻġ
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΢֪Լڶ棬ջͷ˫ۡ˿̣ħѪѪȻƾһ룬ʣ΢֪ǱľߣתΪ
Ѫأ΢Ϳ˿ſһԣõǧ˿Ůħ޳壬չ¶ģȴͬ˹ͷһ̱ڵأѪصУӣûֻǱ̫Ϊһʱ̱ˡ
ţһ˫۾ź⣬Լ֮ɫֽȻͬıԳһòٻϡ
΢һץǧȻԾѪء
΢ۣǧΪ֮ǰǵ̫֮࣬ǰΪԴ󾳣ڣȻС
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΢£ȻߣŤͷһǧֻǵһ˫۾ŭĿԼ
΢ת뿪ǧ߹˫ſס΢ѹԼй
㲻ߣˣô죿


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ǧҲԼûһֱһ˿ңͽ΢ס
ħʹôһ֮㲻ߣˣô죿
΢üͷһ壬ΪߣԶԷȻ
ǧŪʲô߲ߣʲôϵңڻס𣿡΢˵˵ʵ˵ûѪ֮ǰǧ΢ʤ㲢󣬿ڣ˶ԷĹ΢ΪǧΪ䣬ڵסԼһУס
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ô㣿΢ʾдһѹȡ
ǧһȻ֪ǶԷӶΪڱȭͷС˼ȭͷҪĴջȨֵħĪԼֻعΪԼ
ܡ
ħ޴󶼱壬ȫ˽ħҲ϶ܣΪڶħãû˶һ֣Լȥˣȥˡ
ħľֶΣ˭ֶǿ˭λʸ
ħȻΪ統ʱԼ£ӶԼΪ˵б¡
˼бΪвȥ״κħ޶֧֡
ȻԼѡ֣ƴһħҲ֣ǿʤǧһնûУԿ϶ԼħĶ֣ľһԼһжŲס
뵽ǧҲ֪ԼһζǣһԷɱģҪԼɱָΣ
Ϳħ˽թѪԼնԷʱͻȻ֣һĻͲ̾ǧΪѪײеһ
ټûһô
¿˶ΣԼŮˣȻŮˣӦýӳ
ǧһתǽԭʦ̬˻ȥתһֳǧĵŮӵֵ쾡¡
ãҳҲĶ֣ôҵΪҾ䣬ĪǾûһΣ֪ħ޽ʵΪϣκ飬ǿΪȣûлȨô۸һŮӣĪǾǿΪǧʼˣ΢Ŀɿڴħ޾Ȼʼֱǻ֮
΢Ц˵ԼλԵɺϣľӶħǵʱӶΪģԼ⵹ùˡ
ŮӣĸŮӻԼܳѹ·ܵѪԼ
һˣŮˣ룬ͱŮħ˴ڻ֮ʱӶΪˡ
Σûã΢νħޣֻʤԴҾǶΪΣȥ״᲻ͷ˵ˣڸÿ
΢һ仰ֱͬǧҧҧֻǱÿȷûʲôҪЮԷʵԼһжס֮Ĳ̫ˡɫħֱħеħޣֻʵոԼڶԷϣӶԼĹ˵˲Ůɫ
ˣ¡
پȥԷȻ֡
ԣǧÿˣ·ϣϱ鸴ӵ˼㣬ȷŭһִܸУΪû˻ɫò
⵹ˣʥҲֻҲ΢ԵɺϴľֱӿȻ΢ҲܻԼʱֵܲܵıܷӦ
ħıӰȥǧȻЩίһŮӣڴΣħڵλãõڵΪ֪жټѣڣһжûˣ֪Ҫ˶ãԼͻᱻ˲ȥħҲæԷһħҪѪˣһûüֵǰһ뻹ɫ˵һ룬Ҳ̷ˡ
ǧһʱ侹ȻЩʴӡ
ʱһЦ
ǧһΪ䣬ĸ֪Ҳ½˺ܶԣȻûзʲôʱˡ
͵Ļͷһǧͫһáվһİ֣ģªһЦߡ
ֵǿƣǧȻϵⰫߣ뵽ʲô̽ϣߡ
ǧȥĶҲ֪ĳĸаĽ֮ģħҪ㣬Ҫ㣬磬ҵļַˣģĳħ׳壬ҹҹ񡣡ֵǿһаЦݣٶȴǼ죬һͳǧ¡


ٰʮ ŮҪ
ǧ˿־ŭ
Ȼֵ֪ǿʲôɫڶħֵǿĴ֮һħΪĿ󾳣Խթգɫ
˵ֻҪǶħûʲôɽŮģ㣬ֵǿƼвȵķʽŪ
ȻΪħõһŮǧͱֵǿƵˣΪǧΪҪ߹ֵǿƣҵλҲҪ磬Լֵǿƹģûһ㣬ħõħ޶֪λֶͿǧɫֻ˼ĸƲְֳϵļֵǿơ
ǰǧֵǿƸƲۣмһˣڣתǧ΢˹ΪڲСȼֵǿҪ˺ܶ࣬ڶ֣ǧ֡
ǧ򾲣üһȳֵǿƣҶҳԲѷŲɱ㡣
ƽʱֵǿƸǧڣƺ޿֣󣺡ǧװˣҸոնˣ㱻ħΪҿȽŷĿΪôɱң
ǧһ֪鷳ˡ
û뵽ֵǿƾȻ֮ǰһԿӣգȻԷŵҲŮˣֻϲˣŻ½ֵǿˣֻöԷԼ壬öġ
ܲֵǿ޿֣֪ԼΪû١ƫƫԼĲֵǿƵĶ֣һʱ֮䣬ǧȻЩ֪롣
ǧҲ֪ǶħõĹأǿǰһǸ֮û˸㡣ڣΪãʸλǾԱסˣ²ң˵ˣҲ㣬룬ƽڶħҲǷޣ˶ˣԼûУϢȥᱻħõŪԸ˵ͻᶪʱ򣬿ޱȰֵǿЦֹϵĳԴǧ
ôȻǱƵöԷͷ˵ֵǿƶǧҲڿᣬܽλħõһŮ뻳УΪ˽
룬Ѫڡ
ȻǧʶȤԸԼȻãԸ⣬ǿ
Ժ󣬵ˣתøˣܻúôֶΪ
ڶħÿǾŮħʵãֻĳǿߣ֣ԴԱ
ڼֵǿƿǺаգΪǧû·ߣҪôӦ˳ӣҪôԼǿһҴ˿ֵ̼ǿƿ൱ָоǰǧǹޱȣֻԱ͵͵òڣԼܿ죬ͿԽѾõѹ£ֿпǱκζ޷ġ
ֵǿƵޱȣǧɫ԰ףɫѿ
ȻǧҲ֪ԼڵĴӦֵǿƣԼ³һңֵͬǿ˵û˱ӻڶԼ˶áӦֵǿƣƺһʱķǧֵǿƼΪ񣬸ȥ
ǧȻһŮˣôܴһһ·Դ󾳣Ϊħõĸ
£뵽һӣóԼµ鷳
뵽ǧͻȻһЦɫȻһ˿ƳŶļֵǿƵֶǧǺһ𣬲Ҫ𲻴Ӧ
ĸֵǿƿǧ̬仯һԷĻǳʵ
ǧЦһȻ½˳ħոҼףҵĹΪʱūѾŮˣȻūĽֶΪŮˣūġ
ֵǿһɫһ䣬漴Цֹǧٺ˵˵ʲôʱŮˡ
ڸոգҲˣȻҵΪһѪյˣܲҵȤѾ˵ˣҵΪˣԺҲģԣֶҪūҵķˣȥͬⲻͬ⡣ǧһ֮ɫ϶ոռֵǿֻԶӣҿԶԷδԼħĶԻôԽƣֵǿơ
ȻһǧĻǼֵǿޱȣȻǺ޵ҧгݡȻǧĻܼ򵥣ֻҪǸˣôǧŮ˲ģɺްħʲôȻҲȾָǧ
ƾʲô


پʮ ħҧ
һէˣҲԶʳҴҶǶֵǿƻûнħǶԷĳӶΪħǼֵǿǰҲٶħħޣ󣬻ǶֵǿƵ
мޱȣֵǿȻǽħǺˡ
ڼֵǿƼʵͬʱǧֲʩչһָӵӡΪȻյħȴû٣Ȼ󲿷ΪΪ޷ʩչҲʩչ
ͬλλ󷨣ı֮һľѪһһȫĵطʱ鷳ֻҪʩչͿԽϵҶ滻壬˲ص¡
Ҳǧ֮ǰɵײһԵõģȻڶ̶ʱֻΪΪ䣬Ҫʩչ࣬ڸոս˲ʱ䡣
ʱֵǿҲ˲ԣץǧ߽ЦһƾʧֻмƬҶ¡
ƻŮˣҵҪʩչֵǿŷӦԼˣˣ֮ǰŮ˵ô࣬ʱ䡣
˵ѾħŮˣǼ٣
ǧħҲʮŮħޣνԶŮҲùΪߣҲޱȣȻŵȴǼܱ۵ˣû˵ĳ޵Ľ¡
˵δй
ֵǿ֮ҪŮˣһӶԷɫһŮ˵ķȥԼ̻ᱩǡܽǧŮշúܶħ֪Ҫ֪ħΪҪֻ˽֪пܱħУΡ
ʱֵǿƸо죬ͷһͷһ
ǸħȻ֪ʲôʱ۷˻˿̾վڲԶȻߣ֪ԷڶԼ
ֵǿŭޱȣͶħмʣһȥɱû뵽һﾹȻԼ˹
ʡԼȥĹ
ʵϣ΢ո߳ȥûԶ۷˻ǧûзһԿӣ΢ûз֡
Ϊûи˵ĵϸ΢װ뿪֪֮Ƕħõļֵǿλ
ոնԷǧĶԻ΢Ҳǽ
ǧҲֻҪ˵ԼŮˣͻüֵǿƼޣŶԷԸ߰˳ɿԻԼ鷳
ԼͼֵǿΣ˭ʤ˭ǧкôԼˣȻǱ˱Ϊĳ𣬶ֵǿưˣҲܳû鷳νһá
ǧԼԼֺû
ǧĵϸ΢˽ħоһˡһЩħ֪ܲħ˭϶˵ħõһŮǧ˵˾ɷ򣬶Ϊǧѡ˼Ϊ꣬Ǿܾ˲ٺպħ޸֣ΪԼΪߣֶκԲŻ˳
΢Ҫ콫ħ쳹ħ򣬳Ϊħоصβǧ֪
Ȼʱܿ˵ħЬҲҪͷϴñ֮Ļ΢ں
ǧԼ˵ħŮ֮΢㽫ƾͼƣһϵʵ
ֵǿƣԼġ࡯
ļֵǿҪҪѵʱ΢ȴǿڵְӣ˹ҲվӣȻΪǧѵ֪ħŮ𣿡
΢ô˵ҪŭԷħ֮ŮˣĪǻúϸ
ֵǿƹȻŭ
Ϊ˶˲ˣ죬ұ㽫ϵʱǸŮ˻᲻ٿ㡣
һΪ΢ƣΪʣֵǿƶ˵ֱмƣʩչħҧ˹
ͼһӿʮ޴ͷѪҧħΪײУһУ޲˺ѣȫʬ
΢ȴǲ㲻˶ϲ֮֮ԷħӡħӡԷħҧҲħҧ
һ䣬΢ħҧҲǷ˶ͼֵǿƵħǶԹһһʱΧӰУ죬֮⣬и˺ҧ֮
ħǣҲǿԱƻģͬͿ˭ʩչտ˭ķߡ
һϣֵǿΪռ˾Եơ
磬ȻԸħоҲħʲôһոմɳ͵ɹһµħ޶ѣɳͳ֮أûħаǾͬһأǻᱻɳʿ׷ɱûкõħͳѧϰڵħ
ˣǸҪðΣգ͵ħ


پʮһ Źֵķ
һ£оħҲһʱ䣬ܱȵԼ
ԼֵǿƺܷģƺѾħԼħ˺ҧ֮£飬мΪڴ
ֻȻ˼¡
ڵ΢ΪѾﵽԾѾ֮⣬΢죬΢Ტۡ
Ժܿ죬ͷһħǲҽУųħ
ϸһȻǱԷħ½˺飬ȻԷħҲʧԼʧ
ⲻܣôֵǿһţʱͷħٶȼ죬һֻ˹ȥſھҧϡ
ֵǿƲҽһæħǱ飬ҧĵطҲǱ˺һѪ⣬ѪֱҲ̶á
һ̣һֻħǳüֵǿʧ֮ʣҲһڣһΣȻǽֵǿұֱ˺ҧ
ħǿײޱȣǷˣǼֵǿϵһäĿţС΢ֶΣһ²ֱܡ
һٶ
ֵǿƴ˿̲ҽвֹޣи£֪ħĶ֣ҲȡĶϱۣȻͷҲأ̶ߡ
Ŀǰ΢ΪֶΣҪ׷ϼֵǿƽɱ΢û׷ħҧǱħӡҪײУħʩչϰ٣ͬˮһ㣬֮һе߽⣬΢Ȼ֪⡮ħҧȻоѾǿһ䣬ʩչɻΪʮͷħǣϮ˺ҧǼֵǿΪǣⲻ֪ΪǵѾ΢̫ࡣ
΢ɱҲֻһڳȥԼǽĿڣǧԼŮ˵˵ħҧһۣʧѪֵǿƾҪָûһҲ룬ʱԼĳɾ;ǼֵǿƿԴġ
֮΢ɸоԼ棬ħģ΢ʵ֮ǰѾͬն
ٺĺֵܶս΢аһнնɱħЩǿԼҲָ΢Ͷħдһ¡
ԷȻǷħޣ΢˶Է󾳽磬΢оĶ֣ԼʤˣԱȴǿ
Ѫغħ֮ǰǲġ
ֱ˿̣΢ԱʵҲǰ˺ܶ࣬ⶼԽѪǧǸŮˡ
Ϊ΢δؿħģ˵ǧҲǼӵİԼһѡ
ˣԼ鷳һʱգǳһˡ΢ΪԽߣԽܸоľΪӰ죬ǸоǷ˶н٣ǾͻӰΪ΢ôĥƽеĽ١
΢˿¿˿ΧѾһƬǽ壬˵ԼҲǴ˴ǽѪһ룬˸ǧΪΪشһλֵǿƣ֪Ƕħ֪֮ǺεȷӦ
ҪʹԼ΢øпԼλΪħĺĲ㡣
ϾԼҲǶħһģͨݣεִ£ְնħȥɱ˾ħɽׯĽε˶ΪԼӣ΢öħҲΪԼȻԷʵ뷨˭Ҳ֪ħΪߣԸŹ֣׽͸Ц滢һġ
룬΢Ųһһڷȥ
ҪȥҶħ׵Ϳħδˡ
΢ٶȼ죬ǼֵǿԼħҧѪֹѪͱȻҪȥֹѪøԼȸ״ʱ䡣
νȸ״΢ΣҪһضˡ
ħһʮݻ¥󹬵ħڴ˴̷Ķò绨Ůޣ˵вǴɳͳ֮Ӷģò˵Щħ޵ĿζƢΪŹ֣Ҳһħûһġ
΢ħ½ŮȻҲ֪Ҳжţ״æȥͨһ΢ͱ˽ȥƷƻӺĶħ
˿̶ħһֱֳһֱֳʣڻһͼ
΢ûдŶħվ棬ħҲû˵ȫעڻ΢´һǶħ鷿ΧŸī鷿ıīҲӦоУ˵΢ͷһħ鷿ǰλȻܽ
һ΢ƺʲô˲õ飬ͫһɫ£ߣȻȻᱻ˲
΢ǽϹŵļͼȻʦīַƵġ
ʦ
΢Ȼд󾪣ĪħҲʦ
ϸȥ΢ֶħ˿ñʵַбīմȾϢɲǱī顣


پʮ Ȼ
Ȼ΢мΪ𾪣ϸۿȥַЩԣħõĺԼıī鿴ƺ񣬵ϸڶв졣ҪǣԷõϢħƵͼҲһͷΪ׶˫ͷħǡ
΢һ㶣̷ӦǰҲùȻԣħȻҲԡͼħħ;޴󣬻ɫĳëͷѪ£˫Ŀ죬ײޱȣƺ͸ֽһ㣬˲
΢Ҳƹޣ˫ͷħǱƺ˲١
һʣħãȻʮ⣬Ȼ󽫱еľһ
΢æջĿ⣬ȻߣԷǶħԲ˿⡣ͼħ΢΢һЦʷ£Ťͷõˡ
ңֻһЩ£ǰ΢һѹû⻭顣
ŶΪ£ħ̧ͷѯʡ
΢ȻǽѪ֮齲һ飬Ȼȥľ飬ûħģֻ˵ԼһħǽѪеħմ룬ǽǧΪҲˣǧΪ
ħüͷһ壬ϸ΢ʵĸأ
ĸȻΪԹ£ˣӴ˸£ΪµŮˡ׼뿪µʱ򣬼ֶͻȻҪĸûӣֻҪභʧ֣˼ֶһֱۡ΢˵˿ħķӦԷޱ飬Ǽ֪ǰ𷣡
˵꣬΢һ
ħ۾Īɫ΢Ƭ̣ʱ䣬΢˵ħҲû
ãһ֪ˣµҲȫΣĸ㣬ҲҪһЩΪˣ߶ѣֵܹ˭мֶֿԣ֪ĸһȴΪʶ֣ҲԼʵãһֱۣ˶ǷħãΪͷһǰ;ħޣܺá
΢˿ȻʤΪ߿ܣǧԼΪֻǼֵǿƷԼǶħͬͷǡ
ΪԶֻƫǿߡ
ʵļ죬ɼ츳ѣԳǿ˵㶮һŶΪħ֮ǰ˶ɸʬɥ˵ħûɱ֣ǧͼֵǿƵѾǸ棬ԣ𡣡ħܿ콫¶ԣȻѡƫγͻеʤߣҲħΪħĳɾͱȻᳬǧͼֵǿơ
΢Ͳµ˿Ǳ̬£±رȮ֮ͣ
ãٹһʱգȷһҪæڴ֮ǰúĥΪסΪԽߣԽܰҵæһħα͸㣬ȥúħ˵꣬ȡһħؼݸ΢΢æлħ֮ϸһħħ꡷
ȥ·ϣ΢װڷⱾħʵȴŶħĻԷõģĵȷȷʦ
ԼԨ΢⻹ͷһμʦˣҶԷʦľǱԼֻ߲͡
һߣ΢һ˼֪˳ȥ·Ķħħ޼΢һǱϹϾͷ
ħĴ֮һȷǵλߣвٶħõŮħ޿΢¶Ľ֮ɫŵλ½ĸ֦
ȻҲвħޱһм֮ɫȻΪħλȫ˹ʺˡ
΢֮ǰס˿ΧǰԴ֪סûĸħ޵ҿǰĿյϣ΢һߴӰȭ
ǳ˹Գ
һ֮ǰĺֵش˿δȭļΪ
Գͣδһζֻʵ䷴һЩҩȥúˡ΢ȥһƿһЩͨõ˵ҩЧȻһ㣬ԳʾڳˣǲõҩҲˣȻ޺
ħ˵ĺǡԳû˵꣬΢͵ĺֵܱɳϸѾǱץվͻᴦ
Գҡҡͷʮĺֵܲɳϸ
΢һ㶣ΪĿһ۹ԳԳ۹⵹ǶΪͬаӴȽϤƢ԰ˡ
ȻԳܿǶźֶӦҲԡ
᲻ᣬһ©


پʮ ʦ
΢תһ룬֪ԼˣǶźֶǻɣҲԲ˵ǶħöĽǻɣǻɶħҲ͵ѾΪԼһٸӣҲҡ
΢ûж˵ֱ߽ӡȻϸǾͲ¶©£ҪôĦġ
еʱν©ŵĳЩϣǾͲ©
īֽţ΢Ŀ˼Ƭ̣ŶħĶħãպīֽϹճһʡ
˲䣬ӵеħǴˮһ㣬˲䳯űʼۣණȻ޷Զ
Ƭ֮䣬ֽϱһ轣֮ˡ
΢ʮóսͼ齣ͼһ΢Ľȴͷǣ׳ħеĳҲȾѪ͸һϢħ
Ѿ齣ͼħͼ
ɵ˲䣬һ£ͼ΢ͻȻӿһɱ֮н;Ȼ˽⣬Ű͸ֽ΢Դһ࣬һѼĽӿǽϹŵһϢһΪܣﲻٶ·𱻷ĽնӣӣǽϹŵһñ
۵һ£ӺһֶλñҲһ
΢۾һɣеı˼֣ɲ֮䣬洦ĽȫջأƺħĽҲҽһ˳
ī飬飬īħħ벻˿ħԡˣԭˣֲҵʦôʱ䶼ûͻƣԭԭʦһī飬ڶīħħʦľҲ͵ΪֹڣȴԵɺ½ʦһ硣΢ֱʣĿþöվڲʵϣ΢ȴͻˣͻƵʦľͲΡ
һΣ΢оԼʦȻһִĸо
ǰ΢ҲѰҹ˵еʦʿٶǰԪֻǰʱ䲢ݣǶʿ˵ҲˡȻ˵ϲ׺ɣȴԼ֤һЩɵ˥
΢ȥҹʲôûҵΪʦ֮٣û뵽ħȻҲʦʿ
ҶԷľ粻֮ͣǰԷƵһѪͼɱڣ磬֪һʩչȻǾ
΢˶ħ̣ȻҲ̶򣬽ʦһ硣
΢֪һͬԩңͬһҲһԼɵǺͬɵͻΪͬһĶȻһ£ʦҲһ΢ɲöħԼ
ڣ΢Ͷħֵȼĸַ
һԼħͼ΢룬һ룬ͱɷɻңɢ
ڣ΢ħԲܱ¶ʦΪ
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ħţҵһֱۣҲԲùֵǿѾ뵽ħ֮˵ˣΪħõʱ䳤ǶħеԪϼͶħĹϵҲԷ϶Լͷٻʹһ
˰죬ͨ˶ûлüֵǿЩꡣ
ֵһȥͨ˻ˣֵǿǰʵǲ̽ҽȥ
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ӰйҲħ΢ħꡣħ괩һ£ͷɢһĹ΢ôôǷȱһЩȿħսΡ
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ħ겻ͬڹ⣬ħȴ£ħգȻǲõġ
ԳʼΪ⣬ѾȬ˿һȭǻ磬һȭͬӳȥһ˺ѿ졣Գսεǿᡣ
ʱ΢ħɳֱԳ˹ȥߴ󾪣ȴǳֱһȭ˹
Գȭħľ裬Ҳ塣
һȭȥ΢ħֱӱķ顣һԹһȭԽ𣬵΢áħ꡷Ƴħ꣬ȴǷͬѰһ̣һ˿˿ӿȻǽԳһֱ۲ƣɫ䣬ȴǻһɢ𾢣Ҫħ顣
һ̣ħؾۣԳ̸оԼֱ۴̹ǵı䣬ȻЩáԳϾǹԳһֻ־ȻһſڳűħƵֱһ档
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΢˵ʵղħɱ֣ɱ˹ԳˣҲ˵ħĹǿҪԳȻҪ˵ҲУһʼԳһգħ϶ش
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ȻеȻҪСĽùԳԼȽϺʣ飬ԼǹԳҪԶԵˡ
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ǼԶǧ뷨Ȩ֮ǰȻħǶԷȻ˼ֵǿһֱۣǽߣ˵ħöԸ
δرȼֵǿҪ涯²ħĶ֡

ʱ˺һջصӵĿ⣬ͼħ˽ɫأɱ
һħӣ֪ʮֲá
λ˷ټǰΪħɽׯոͻȻǶħչͻϮΣǴǶħơǹǶħõĻɽֻû뵽ħóһͽϤҶħõĻɽҪ˶ãǾܴҲãǾħɽׯǶħΪУ˷ͽħɽׯ׳ҪǣҪͽңȴ˷Ҫһ˿иħ˵
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Ҳǻ࿴һۣ˳ȥ
΢ϸ룬֪ԼֻǰħãΪԼھǶħõˣΪԼħɽׯѾԻĴ
ׯΣԼģׯҲǼԼֳԹλ⣿
һԷĹƶħãħøǵһùľԼħɽׯԲŹħ
ԣ΢Ҫħò
Ȼ²Ϊ΢Ҳأνɽڲûա֮ô룬Ϊ΢֪ǾħɽׯȻаճ׺Ͷħ˺ǿ϶бҲ˵ħΣ׶༪١
뷨΢ǳ˳ȥȥ̧֮ͷһӰȻħõĻɽѾԷƣħڻɱҽ


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ΪߣһħޣһͶħһǷħޡ
ʣˣȻǾħɽׯʣׯ
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ħߣҲиͶĸּɱһʱֵ衣ʱ򣬼ɫֳּ⵶ľħɽׯħ޴ǰʯԽ΢˹
ڰ·ͱԳĴȫնɱԳĽ΢̸ģľǼֱӣûκλڣ־ɱУټϹԳ޽ֱԿɽʯԴﵽ浤ߵʵ
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΢ùԳԼһɱľħɽׯħޡ
ͷ֮ϣħնûбոȴǳֽԷׯ£Ϊжߡ
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ǾħɽׯׯһЦħȷħϷ㵥Ҳδʤ㣬㲻룬Ȼ֪ħȴǴĪɵҿ˭
ħһ̾죬æͷһȴǿһӰץɲ֮һɶǶħҲǸоңЩͷĿѣ
ϾΪæʩչֶδһƣﻯɶԳԷԼֿԼҲû˺ʮסٿħɫͫһ䣬⣬ɽħʬ
ȻħмʶûΪ˶Ը㣬ǿɷѿģǡľ󷨡ɽħʬרħҿׯЦ
ٿħʬ߾ųߣͭƤǣɢһŨҵĸΧɷΧ֮治ҹľԿڸոնħ򵽶ԷϵһƣȻԽһħֱӻɱħʬȻǺ
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ǱߴׯЦһԣǻ˰֣ڤħʣָʱ
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һľ˺ҧֵǿưԴҧѪģΪٸߣԴûҲ
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ԳԴ󣬵Ҳֻ֪£һǳˣһǰħׯʩչӡʱˣԷӡ˲䣬ѾǷħӡ
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ˣׯǧû㵽ͬħ䣬޽İôôһһ˹ϡ


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΢֪ħðܾѶʲôҲء
һ΢Ҳһѡ
ǼɱǴŹԳ뿪


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ǱħޣʱӦҲνɢħöˣʲô壿
΢Լ֮ǰĸڶħãôһߣܶҪͷʼˡ
ѡ񶼲ڣ΢ٵѡϵ顣ڣ΢ϸĿǰ֮һѡ
ȣħȻסˣǶħ϶ԭܼ򵥣ħΪߣҽթޱȣͨʦɱīħ
΢Ҳʦ˱īħȻеԶħ϶ô
ħһᡣ
٣ԵõħΣԷΪߣ϶к֣ǺùԼûͷӬһײ
ԣ΢ѡЭħᣬȡöԷΡ
Գҽһ£ޱҪã΢˿ԳϸԸһһ㶣ȻЩԥǵͷħģĿȫˣ
İɣ΢˵꣬Գŵ˵ͷ̾ߡȻׯԳĸƨҲǽȥ
΢˿û˹ǣҪһħ뿪Ȼڻ֣ܳҪȵħΣյʱٳ֡
ħã˿ɱԽԽСҲԽԽ٣˿̣ͶħĴׯ˿̿ЦֹħҲˣĶħѾǰܾѶЩ֮ʿҲӵӣһ
ħɫ䣬һƣڤħʻˣŵأ
˵꣬ͻȻӻ˦һչ
һѪħͼ
ɲ֮䣬һͼϵǾͬһ㣬ȻǺһӻгһ޴ޱȵӰ
Ӱֱ֮ӳŴׯ˺ҧȥ֮޿ƥУ޴վһԵɽħʬײɳȥ
ׯһܸܵǵ˿̣ȻǸо׹أȻǶá
ãħʬңׯŵĻҪ֪ǷħޣǴ˿̣ķǿֲǰȻǴ飬޷赲ҴׯиоıǸҧڵΪ˵Ҳ
˭뵽ħȻôһ֡
ɲ֮䣬ɽħʬ˹ׯײɳȥΧһ̣ɽħʬͱһ¡
޴ǾȻðһŹâʼǱһڶ̵һ˲䣬ʧȻµɽħʬҲһʧͷ·𣬴ûгֹһ
һУȻɱ˼ͬзɽħʬԷͻֵûС
ϸͿԿǶħ׳Ļ˿Ҳǳױ飬ʧ١
ˣħҲɫ԰һЩȻոҪһҲЩ
ׯȻǱħֶθסˣиǽޱȣɽħʬֹŹֶɱľˡ
ڤħʣȫ֣ħɱׯǱסˣֻ֪г׽ħɱ󻼡
£һȫ֣ʩչǿħߴ˿̼״֪һεһֶԵֵ޾ɫգұһֵֺ֮ɱΡ
˵꣬ħȡһͼ
һıȫͬͼһףһҼǻˣ˼ңǧֿ򷨣޷ƣ޷ơ
Ļͼ׳ĻȻǹâʢͼħͻȻɢ㷨⣬Ժһַӿ֣ԭսթ׺ޱȵĶħ˿̾Ȼһ˿˿ׯϡ
һ̣һ̧ʱӡӿһ޴ޱȵͣ󣬴ׯڤħħ޵ĺϻˣֱӺӡϡԽһɽȻǱӡô赲
ǴׯڤħʶĿɿڴһ̣ڤħƺ뵽ʲô⣬Ƿ޵ֶΣ㣬Щͺ¿ͨ
ȫһħ˵ǽׯϷ໹û̧һƴ
ħƶǬħ˵꣬һֱӡǴׯȻħ֪вǴˡ
ܽ˳Σɽ⡣
䣡
һɵӡ˲䵽ׯǰɫ䣬֪ƷУǼæҧ⣬һںѪ˷ʩչһ桮Ѫܡ
ҲһħǺķħ;Ѫʩչı֮ΣԲá


İ 
δׯ֪òɣΪħֲ̫ˡǹƺһаħĿ֮ףһƣɡ
ֻҲ֣ΪζħһʩչֶΣ
ž꣡
죬ĺѪֱ飬ǵס˶Է
ʱ򣬾ͼħϵĹ⻪ֱʧϲ԰ѪȻһѪҲܵķɡ
ׯðľȻûʱ䷴Ǳڤħʿ׼ᣬҪȥԶħһɱС
ʱڤħͻȻһӰһצХץϵ֮ƺκ嶼Եֵ
ãڤħŵĲҽһܸоһצĿֲ֮һ͵Ϯʱ൱ãٶȼ죬κηӦͱһצ˺˺òɵ
˺Ʋһ
ڤħǲҽһʣæߣٲκͣƣʵǱһצ˵ԾȻ֮زز
ʩչצֵģȻ΢
ǱΧȴᣬò׵ȵᣬϣʩչצżΪĹڤħʵ˺ѣشĶ֡
΢Դ֮ǰõצţͲϵצΪȼνżצľͷΪצצצ;צ
ڵ΢ѾǽĹ磬Ȼʮ㣬Ȼ΢Ϊﲻȴشڤħȸ֣ǽܡĶȥĲ
Щ΢ֻ֪֪Լ͵ϮɹˣΨһźûֱɱԷ
͵Ϯ֮΢̹壬Ӧû˵ע⣬˵΢ĹΪ൱ߣֶķţԳҪ΢Ѷȼ
Ϊ΢վǸոʩչӣ˭Ϊղצıʩչġ
ħҲƭˡ
ǿԼΧħʱħѾսأΪħͼܵڶͼķֻ֪֮ܵΪֹħǱסˣǲ£ֻˡ
ħǾۼȻ²ΪԲǿ󣬶ħȻһִҾϴ񣬵ĵҪܣҲԥ
Ƕħֱǰһ΢Ȼ̾ˡ
û°ɣ΢ʱعһ䣬Ƕħ̵û£ڣҪݱܷâߡ
˵꣬Ǵ΢Զ롣
ȻħǽħʵĲ£Ŀǰ֪ħöħεָ˵ħӦһˡ
ħεݣҪﲢѣڶħˣûпһۡ
΢ãҺùԳ뿪նħӣǾԲȥ˵ġ
ħټڤħʵ뽫ħɽׯħ޶סˣȻǲħֻĿŶħһ˿ٷ롣
һֱɳȥ൱Զľ룬о׷ħŷٶȡ
ʱ΢ųΪβɱȥ
ħҡͷû˵ȴɫ԰ףһ亹Ȼܴء
˽һȻȥȻǽһƬУףˮݵвһŷʯ
ͼħ˸һץ΢ͬʱʧ١
һ鴫֮ʯԽ˲䴫͵￪򡣵ȵӰ΢ٿȻѾǵһصĶС
ħԶʮϤһ䣬һ̨ϵһƿҩӣһͷĵҩ¡
Ȼ˺üƿɫһЩ
ܺãؼʱ̲ܿ˭ĵˣشĶڣһˣǵ֮ڲκ˽ңҲУУſдšħֵ㲻ܽȥ⣬ģ㶼Խ룬гԵĺȵģԼȥҡħ˵꣬ǺԥһҵУ󽫺صʯŹϣҼӳ˽ơ
΢֪ħȻ˵ļأ򲻿ôżȥˡһ˲䣬΢һֳֽħɱͷ
ͷһ΢Ͷɱȥħ򵥣˼ֱթ˼㣬ǽߣⶴǶħͲúõĵط˭֪ⶴںδûгڣ˵Լܲɱõħԣ³֮Լô뿪


İ٩һ ĸ
˶΢ʼ´
Ŀǰⶴܴ󣬿˵ͨ˴ʯҡǶҹͷľʯԽ΢ؿ˿ⶴʮʯңһ涼дħ֡
ħ֮ǰдħֵʯңȻЩʯвܣħ˽ȥǲ֪
ˣ϶Ϊ̰ĶΥħĽ͵͵ȥ̽Щʯҡ
΢ҲЩ಻ס뷨
΢ֻͨЩдħֵʯſڿ˿ͿãľͬʱҲԼûг嶯¡
Щʯǲʲôһޱȵ塣Ϊʯ֮ŨŨΪĿҲĶҪ̽飬ֻ̤롣
棬ѹûʲôȫǸ󷨣һ̤УǲҲҪһƤҪǣһȥˣб˳ҲȻᱻħʱ˵ˡ
ħΪҪôʲôûУֻʯңһŪ飬ֱӸ˵岻͵ˡ
Ϊʲôô
΢˿뵽һֿܣҲΨһĿܣһֲԺ̽
ħ˶ɣȻ̫űˣʱ򶼲ԼҲ˵ħԼ
ȻҲûвԵıҪ
ֻϧħ©һ£Ǿû뵽ԼͨԿµ壬ǱˣȻҡڣһ̤Щʯң㲻ȵħչسҲɱ֡
ħ޾ħޣֻжթ΢Ȼ֪ˣǵȻȥ
ȥʯڿ˿淴вٶгʳи鼮䣬Ȼħ伮
΢ѡһӣֱӿʼżһЩ伮ʵԼһΣʱܿ͹ȥ
΢ڶһ伮ȴǸоһɼΪǿħӿ΢֪ȻǶħˡ
ȥħչصĵطȺ
˿̣Ǹʯ֮ħӿһ̣ʯŴ󿪣ħ̤߳ɫȻҲǻָԭ״̬Ȼ֮ǰ;ħɽׯһսͻơ
ݼ΢æǰһڶħͷĺɫƣ֪λѾǴﵽ˷۷壬ֻһͿͻơ
΢֪ɵʿ﷨ͻƳΪˣʿ﷨磬ͻΪɣħʿﵽ磬ͻƳΪħ
ȻħɣΪ˵ĴڣǾħ񡣶ﵽħ񾳽磬ͬɵһ㡣
ڶħΪ΢Ҳǵ֡˵Էʵħ֮ǰһͼȻʩչʵ˷˼
⼸գ΢Ҳǰ˼⣬ҲǶʦȴ֪ħʲôֶΡһ㣬˵ħʦԶ΢
΢棬ħޱĵ˵ͷȻĿĵ̽ڵĽơ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ħȻİԼԸģṳ̂ЩʯҰ벽ħ¶Цݣ΢Ҳǰ̫ࡣ
Ȼ΢У˵ࡣ
ãܺãȻĲЩҪǿˣ⼸죬ˣħǸ˵Ŀ佱˼䣬΢һܳȴǰЦĵ˿϶з̽鵽ЩǷ񱻴ҲԼֶζ࣬̽鵽ԷͼȻĴ˽ƣħǲôɫһͻᷭˣȽԼɱ
أǶħõħޣȻҪΪǡ΢شĲá
ħһ⻰ҲͷǵϧħѾħɽׯˣֻҶˣĹķݶϣҸһѡһԼԶ߸߷ɣһ㹻ĺô㲻УһǸңһı¡
΢һԥѡ㹲ı¡
ãҹȻûпˡħǰ΢ļϺ⡣΢֪ڿʼԼħĸˡ
ʲôƻξħɽׯǰ޳֮ͽǼֵǿ͵ϮǶħãȻѾǼֵǿɱħȴǱռݣǷҪ¶΢ʵ
ɱ˼ֵǿƣħһ㶣ЦãɱĺãǳĶھħɽׯȻҲҪɱȥڴ֮ǰҪһЩ飬һϳħȥ֮⣬һħѪЩһ££̤ʱȥһ춯صĴ£мǺúʱΪ˿ɲС


İ٩ ֯֩
΢ѾǲֹһħᵽǴ£к棬ʵʲô£
ħȴûж˵ֻǵʱ֪ˣҸ㼸ħֻҪţǾȥһˣ˰æǱɽħɽׯɱƬײ
ħû˵΢Ȼʡ
գ΢ڶħĽ̵֮£һϳħ˻Ѫ񹦡һſѪѪħ
΢ħ˿Ѿ˽ɵѭȻľͬħֻʵʲô
ǾͳˣùƶǾùƶѪǾѪ
ħ΢ΡħѪ˵ϹŴħ񼶵ĸѪΡÿһж̺˼ѰħޣҪҲһóȻɻУ̾ͻᱻѪҺű壬Ѫ
ֻϳ˵Ѫħ⡮ħѪ
΢ҪģһΡֻ΢һˣҪ£һʱϣáڣ΢һĸĶħæ΢Ľչٶȿƿֲ
ʱ䣬΢ͽ˻Ѫ񹦡ţͬʱһΡħѪ
ħħ޸֣΢̫·һѪ֮΢ΪֱӴСԴ󾳣Ϊȹޱȡ
΢ΪħҲһˣԾ磬΢Լû뵽Լô쵽ħɵתģɵɵħȻҲħҪһѶȿ֪
ʱ䣬΢˷ȻǴﵽԴ󾳡
ϣ֮ϣǷ΢һ֪һ֮ǰԼΪҲؾ磬û뵽һʱ䣬ͻƣ˵Ƿһ
Ҫǣ΢Ϊȴ򣬸񣬺ͱֿΪ¸ȫͬ
΢չ֮󣬶ħ͸΢ʰϳ
΢ⶴҲʮˣȻȥҪ֪Գ棬֮ǰԼ˹ԳԹԳΪ߻һħɽׯׯ˵Ӧòʲô󰭡
ħ΢뿪ûзضħãҲûȥħɽׯħȥ
˵һħ޷Уħ΢죬֪٣΢ûӣֻʱ
ħ޵ķҹǼΪ֣˵ԲﷶΧڵħޣۼʡ
΢ʱ䶼һջ֮Ϣ˻Ѫ񹦡΢֪ŹһּΪǿӶħѹһȫͨӶˣ׳Լ˻Ѫ񹦡ţͨʳѪҺѪΪ
Ȥǣ΢ԼߣȻڶо뵽һħɵš
Ҳ˵ͨ˻Ѫ񹦡ң澭ľ硣νзƶֻ֪ħɵ䳤̣ȡ̣Ի
Ҳ΢ң澭࣬Ȼڻﲻֺ«Ǹ磬ȴǱǰҪ˺ܶࡣ
֮΢ȻǸоǸЩҲħɵ֮ͬɵΪԽߣԽֻɳʱٹȡħȫ෴һħΪҪѪΪԳǱ߳ԵĻࡣ
˵΢š˻Ѫ񹦡֮һղѪ;ûڡ΢ħģħͬޣǲҪʳѪȹΪҪԵġ
ǳȥһӾⷹʳʼԴȡ
ʱ΢ͻȻӴһǽʲôһ֣æȥ߽
ֻжһӵǽǣһֻħ֯˿һ㲻κ˵ע⣬΢ȴǿͼЩ죬澹Ȼһѱϵķš
΢룬ȴ˻ȥ˶Ȼֱ˳ȥⷻй䡣
ʱѾҹƹҸͷ֮ʮ֣ǰһյأħףȻ˴УҲйء
΢й䣬ȴһҺһͨĺ£ȻߵһٳʱѾǻһͷ
ȵʱ֣΢ߵⷻһƫƧ֮˼С߹հƣһܲ۵ľǰ
ľſڣ棬ͬһ֯˿
΢һۣȻһһ̵졣
Ƭ̣ſ¶˰ɨ΢һۣȻ˭
΢һЦصհס
˵˵ͷֱӷ΢ȥ̽ͷ¿˿ûз쳣Źš


İ٩ ͷ
ɳħ˾
ʱܱüͷ֪ħиЩӿ˵һЩħҲʼ
Ҫ֪ħɲǵħޣǶǵͬɽһĸ֣иġЩħ׻һȻд·
ĪǣЩħͷɳ֪һħսѾҪȥ꣬˵ϴδսûеֻ֪һħսǱȻǾ춯أͿ̿
΢ûϢĴǣҪħվȽŸӦòѣǲ֪ܲ֡ʱ˵Ƿħɹξٺɽ
ڵ˵ͷҲңġ
һξٺɽ˽
óλɫЩѿ֮һ񣬾ʵˣһѯʡ
˵
ǹ˽籱ɽħ΢飬ǰȥˡξٺɽ˵Ȼв
ŶȻأû̧ۡ
ξٺɽħĸۡûнȥŵı˵ħŲͣ˵ɽħɹ٣ִ˵ĺѣ£ô˵
ô˵Ȼ֪ô£װ֪һ
ξٺɽһŭǾȻ˵Ƿ׼κȥħҾʣ⾿ǲǴǣΪβȥ΢
ɫ䣬ֻ˵ĸ֣׼ʣ
ξٺɽһ㵣Ȼû뵽Ȼ´ֻ̫֣ħֲʲôҪְΪβȥ̽
ˣ⡭ξٺɽʣüͷһ壬˵ˣ㲻׼ʡ
ξٺɽһ治Ҷײڣֻɻ뿪
ߵ֮ξٺɽԽԽԾʲô£˲Żֹȥ̽΢
ǣ
ξٺɽ뵽һֿܣɫŹ֣ǣ΢£˵˼Ҳ˵ͨʹɽı䣬λħִˣ֣һԲı䣬֣ɱһЩ߾ϵħޣǳµӣΪƫƫȥ
ξٺɽٴҲ벻ͨеĵ벻ͨҲֻʱͷŹʾô¡

΢ӣ̿ڲ¡ﵽһʿǴﵽĿʿĿһƬڰҲܿ
˿мӰ
ʵɳϸһۼ㣬΢Ҳз֯֩ҵħɳϸȻֻ΢һˣħ˾ϸкܶ࣬Ǳ˴֮䲻֪˴˵ݣֻضķʽͷʹ鱨
֯֩ŵĹɣֻɳϸ֪ģܽ뵽ӵģԼˡ
΢֮̾һɳƲϵʵλүʲôֺţ
ֺţϸĹټϾϸ֮ҲǷָߵ͵ģȻеʱͻ˭ģ
ϸֺţһ־Ʒֱǡ졯ءˡÿһַƷ΢Ʒ
ϸУѾǷǳߵļˣϾǡ졯ؼ˼ģ
΢Լֺһ˵Ȼļ˶һһ˸˿
Ҫ֪ħеɳϸ˼࣬ؼҲУ٣ڴﵽ켶ĸ֮٣⵹ڶ΢ˣԲŻ΢ֵֺš
ƷȻ˲ţ΢Ҳ⣬һӡƯڿУⷨӡһʶֶΣֻض䷨ʩչ΢ӡֻ켶ϸ֪ġ
£Ǽ޻ɣⷨӡǲٵģ΢
ϺƷˣ
º飬Ʒˣ
¹ɽƷˣ
΢ͷǻȻЩ˵ֶһţǱҸԶֶڵòҲϸ֮Ĺأ֮䣬ҲҪ֮⣬һ˴˿߹ֵƷͷˣˣ
ͷˣ
΢֪ͷ˺⣬רŸϢݳȥˣҲ˵ԼʲôϢҲͨͷ˽Ϣڡ
΢ҲԼĴ˵˳ĴǡꡯҲ΢Լ뵽һ֣Ծ͸ڣֵĴš
ν꣬Ԣ꽻ӣ԰Ȼ


İ٩ ջ
ͷԭǵλߵģ΢Ʒϸһ͵ⲻˡȻ֮ǰѾԵϢ˵һ飬ڡꡯҪ£½ռ鱨һ顣
΢ʱ֪˶ðµĵ⼸˶Ǵħطģռ鱨Ҳ廨ţʮҪ鱨
ҲͨЩ鱨΢ħ֪һ㣬֪ĿǰħļҲ֪ħһЩħ񼶱ֵĶ
΢ҪݵϢĽͬʱħú;ħɽׯҲ˳ȥ
΢Ȼλߣϸһеˣ˵˼䣬Ǽ˾͸뿪Լ´μʱ䣬һ֮֮ڵһ죬ӲͬԼİҲͬԼ֮󣬸ɢȥ
΢Ҳ֪ҹζ࣬ȻҲҪݵϢ֮Ҳ̾ߡ
ӣ΢һ֮ؽ·߻˻ҡһ䣬ֳΪħ
΢ⷻйһȦ󣬷סĿջ
ʱķɿ죬գ֮䣬ʱ͹ȥˡҹ΢İ˻Ѫ񹦣ⷻвȱٸ־ѪҪ֪ħпиʽɾѪħȻ󶼱Ȳϰ˻Ѫ񹦣ܹߵͣɾѪ׳
Ȼ־Ѫʮֻ𱬣ǰգ΢ÿ춼һЩѵõľѪͱħ޲ͬ΢ͨģȻڷϸ־ѪʤĿ΢ܽõľѪЩѪðײ˼ģΪ֪ľѪ˼ֵ
Ϊˣ΢ʱϾ΢һħס
ɵʿԵģǴԪȨ뱲޵΢֮ǰ龳綼ûдɡ棬ȻȨʺԴѷԭ򣬵ҪǣɵʮּѡħȻҲףΪиַ˼ķˣѪ˵Ҫ׺ܶ࣬Ȩ޵ħͬʱ䣬Ѿؾˡ
ħĲࡣ
ʵϺܶɵʿ̰ͼħٶȿ죬ħȻΪ٣ħĴҲǼҲ΢ħģֵ;лתһʿħ֮ͲٻͷȻΪȻӴԺҲɳУħı׶˻кܶ࣬߻ħ߻ħ˳ɷˣֱɥ
΢ȴһǰû߹·ɵԽԽޣ΢ʺֶΣ龳翪ʼҪô׿ԽҲҪʮϵĹҪ
תħʱ̣һݾ
ʱ̵΢ԼҲ֪֮΢ħ֮ڣΪǼԴ󾳡
˿̣΢һСƿѪƿѪ˵ʱ̯λϿϰƿƵľѪҲȫ˵΢һ۾ͿƿѪ̺ı⣬Ѫ޷ġǶԷҪۼߣ΢Ҳ΢˵ʯʲô⾫ѪļֵԶʯġ
Ѫ΢˹һץһžѪ֮ϡת˻Ѫ񹦺΢ſһͲϵĽѪϵľڣ׳
Ϊϵ΢Ըܵ⾫Ѫ̺ȻǱȶħԼħѪ¡
һƿѪ΢оԼõһ¿޵Ĺ
ħʿȻɵʿҪ졣
ʱ΢ͻȻ⾫Ѫƺһϸ֮ϸ֮ΪϸС΢һ©ȥ΢ϸƬ֮΢ȡֽдһοھ
⾹Ȼһʵ벻Ȼ⾫Ѫʱ򣬿Բϡ档
ȼѪħָھʮּ򵥣ȼѪʩչһΪײУָȻûޣָȫȼնѪ
Ҳ˵޷ƥеĵˣҲԺľѪʩչһ
˵Ѫ̺˵ľǣеʱмУ΢ڶħĶǿħ伮омһЩħʿΪҪˣΪҪʳѪΪǿΪеʱ򣬻ַͨʽԷյĵҲһӶ
ħ޵һǿ֮
΢ҲħȻͳɵʿħʿܻᱻƣɵȴǸΪȹ̡


İ٩ ˭
΢µһƿѪԭ˶Ȼһĸ֣侫ѪΪŨ΢Ϊ٣΢ӾѪвһȽ΢ջƿѪļ۸Ͳֵһˡ
ʱ΢⴫ŲȻС΢ܲ
ĪǶħˣ΢΢΢ۣħȻ֪סʲôطҶħ˵ͻѾʱˡ
ֻǺܿ죬΢ͷ֣϶Ƕħ
ħΪҪߣô׾ͱԼң΢治ֹһˣϣҶԷͼ졣
ȻǶħǾпǵˡֻ΢Ҳƣ⼸˵µ͵Ӳκô
ͻȻ֮䣬΢뵽һֿܣĪ֮ǰ̯λϵļħޣ
΢֮ǰƿѪʱȿˣмħҪмһƿ
Ҳùأǰһû˵ôܻ˹غᵶᰮȻûЩˡ
գ⾫Ѫǹ΢ߵʱ΢ͿǼħ޴ŭɱĪǣ
΢ҡͷЩһĲ龳磬ԼƵħͽЩ˴ˡ
΢Ҳôģɲ˷ʱ䣬̧һʩչƵĿֲħ˳
ͼǰðһƬѪǷ·֩ſڵϵħֳӰ
΢Ǽ˳ʱħͻԼЩѰ·ļһɱڻ᲻ᱻⷻеĹ߸ͷ΢һ㶼£˵ڵΪߣѹںЩԱǰչأǼħͼԼӣҲȨɱ
һЩûг΢ûκζûκϢ
΢Ƥһ֪ʱ򣬷űƿȻ߽һһЦݵĴޡ
΢۾һɣĵ˲򵥣Է֮ǰԼһϢûвޣ΢ǰǺϾɳͳ֮ڣ΢ħУħķȴǲ٣ⷻСɴ˿Ŷλȴǿȳ˹ԳһĹ̥ޱȣͷȻЦЦݼΪˣܲڣһ۶ûë
λһõɮۣȴ̹¶飬һ˫ֺһ߽ɭɭЦ΢һֱ
΢ٿԷͷҲͷƤ飬λͷȻʮɫ⣬ΪҲǵŷˡ
е⣬Լֻӡ
΢㹻ȣֻֽֽ䱸ħķҲûмˣֻǴ΢ڵħ
ǣʦǺˣ΢ʵ
˭޺ٺЦ΢һɻʣ˭֪
˵ˣ˭˵꣬΢Ӧˣԭ޵־ǡ˭
ʲôֱ֣Ī˵΢Щ޺Ǿ֣ÿĵĶĪĶֶôĲѰ·
ֻ˼΢Ҳҵֻܵԭ˭ʦ֪ʦǰҪʲô
ʲôȻߣ˳˼˭ЦƺϲЦѹûбı顣
΢һһȴͫһϣ˿ħޣϢȻЩ˾֮ǰԼˣҵȷѪʱͻǼħޣû뵽ǾȻϣ⼸ħѹû뵽ǻᱻôһŹֵķ޸ɱˡ
Ҫ˵ɱˣûʲôϡ棬ħÿ˼ֱǼħޣ΢ſһɱϢɱˣ΢ûⱾ¡٣ҪŪһ㶯ɸոԼȻû˿˵˭ʦ൱򵥡
΢Ѿ׼ˣϣЦЦΪҪߣ
Ϊ˵仰Է̶֣˭˭ʦЦһ㶣Ȼң˺˵Ƕħģǰ㵱ĸ£Ϊûʸ͵ģ̧㣬ҺϵĪ棬Ҳ̧㣬߰ɣϻˣ
˵꣬˭ͻȻһ΢ͫһԷȴѾǽԼץסһڷХٶȿ쵽¡
΢֪ħ޵ΪߵףȻɵ˱ȲˣҲǹһΪˡ
ҷ޵ֶΣ΢ûڶԷûж⣬΢ҲûɶԷץߡ
һʱֻоХӷȻ׳˶ޱȣٶȿӥһ͵һСɽͷ˭֮󣬽΢һ˦ڵϣ΢վ֮̿СɽͷϣѾ˼ˡ


İ٩ շ
СɽͷվŵļһǶħ첻ħΪƺ߻վˡ
һһͷ׷£ȴǼΪŮˣһ΢һͷһЩг
ȴΪϵˣҲϵãԷмĹڡ
ˣȻǵҩɽ٣ЭƽԪҩɽշ塣
²շȫûҩɽʱɷǣ¹ڳģ˿շһаͷīһڣΪ֮ǰ˾磬˷ħѾתΪħ
΢ĵһħ
ǶħշǰҲǱϹϾҲħҲֻǷħޣûͻϣΪħ
Ǹ׷ŮҲһ磬ټ˭ﾹȻħޣһħ񣬶ԼԴǰʵǲ
΢ͷƤ飬пȴԼݱ¶ǹܶܲˡ򶨣һҪ򶨣ţԼħߣշҲδܽԼϳԲܻš
΢ǿѹͷĻң˿վ֮ǰŶħ
ˣܺãλ컯ħȻ΢ĸʮֿأ˿̹һЦǳ΢λŻħΪ񡣡
΢Ҷ룬æǹշһЦûж˵ȻûнһΪ΢ħ޷
λɽϻǰħ֮һǱǧҪ󡣡ħ˿ЦһСڴȤ΢ȻǧħŮѾˡ
뵽ǧ΢ҲһЦŮ˹ޱȣħܵʱͲӰˡ
ħ˵㣬ǧɧӺˣǰ׷ħŮһŮħ޴˿̵ǺȤĿ΢һۣȻΪ΢ΪжߣΪǧ
ŮˣŮħޣҲǿʤ˼Ȼʵò
СģŮǧҪǣ˴ǵ㹦ġħʱС΢
΢æͷЦŮͷɱʮ㣬˭ԱŵĻһ
˭ʦˣǷ𷨸˳ЦħҵѣħЦȻ˭
λħֵܣΣħʱ˵仰һ˵΢зһ˿Ī֮ɫԼ֮ǰ־ٶȷȡ˶ħΣԷԼ˻Ѫ񹦣Լߣࡣ
ϸһ룬ҲϾԼǶħһģ֮ǰκȡöħΣҲǱȻ
ˣħ˷Ͷħˣħ˶ҲʮأҺһ˾ħɽׯħñ֮󣬱ȥԨȡħѪħǼֻгħ񣬲ܲ뵽ħļƻУ⣬ħ޳ˣǵ˭Ļ죬Լɡշ˵Ƽǿҩɽʱˡ
Ҳ֪һշ塣
ŻģȻͶħȻжģħǽħɳͳ磬ҵ׷ħĸԸħ˵
ҲǱģֳϣħΪ͵λûʸ˵ģ΢վڶħȴ顣
˵ħ
᲻ǻƽԪ΢룬׶ԷȻǻƽԪ΢ʱ֪ƽԪжôأĿǰΪֹͷ˿֪Ҫ֪մԪӵ˵ģƽԪٶǰͿʼˣܻ֣֪ԻǼı޿޵ġ
ƽԪǲǹħʬ
Ԫ˵ǣ΢ˣƽԪǷӡͨڤɽصħʬķӦû뾡취ı⡣
΢ˣƽԪʵǶȡҪҩɽƳɵҩҪ׳ڵΪѹûٺ͹ħʬκϵ
ƽԪǹħʬ˭
΢Ū֪ڵһΪҪ鱨лᣬһҪϢݳȥ
ڿ϶ûᣬ΢ҲκζԼΣյľٶʵʵĸڶħ
߰ɣȥ˾ħɽׯ㱨𣡡շƤһ;һħƺ˵һ΢С¡
ܿ죬΢֪շ־ħ˵ȷһС¡


İ٩ 
һʱǾ͵նħõɽͷʮʱ䣬Ѿȫħɽׯռ죬涼Ǿħɽׯħޣ֮ڡ
շ˵ֱʩչֶΣͼմһƣ˲ʱ䣬һʮɴСľӡ·֮ѹ¡
ӡȫâɣżΪŨҵ֮ǸźԶ΢ŵ֮󶼸оͷĿѣһԶħʩչֶΣ΢Ȼ΢ᱻӰ졣
Ƕ
΢̷Ӧ⾹ȻһӡֻҲ̫ˣʲôħ
ħɽׯħҲͷѹµӡǻʲôӡͺȻһ£˵ϡ
˲ʱ䣬ֱӰȥһ޴ޱȵƿӣֱӾʮħޱǣ⻹㡣ӡ˲ʱɢһŨҵĶһͽʮﷶΧȫڡ
֮£ڶħ޲ҽܿ죬Щҽͳȥʲôûˡ
һƬš
ˡ
ħޣЩħΪиеͣȻշһȫɱħֶΡ
Ҫ֪Ҳշɱֱ֮۾գһ£֮ǰ飬ҩɽɱ飬£ҩɽɱ¾ֱС׼ףֵһᡣ
ˣߣȥħɽׯշ·һ΢С£ֱȥһطȲһ⡣
Ƕħϻ˭ʦշײеֶθסˡ˵ոһƣʩչģħֲĲֱӹǺĶ֮ľή
ܿ죬΢һ·˾ħɽׯħԵõϢѾ߶˻ׯǧħһׯħɽׯڶҲ֡
ǵĸׯһЩͷͷԣһЩ;ħɽׯõħޡ
㣬ħǴѰ𣿡ׯһħ˵ǾħɽׯͶħÿ˵гԹһׯαɱһŪɽħʬڤħһ𽫶ħø
ֻһǵ͹˶ħʵ˵ãׯѾǱħˣȻûУҲʧɽħʬڤħʸǱˡ
ɲô˵ڤħʶǴׯİֽ֣֮ڤħׯʮʱڤħѾ˾ųɡ
˿̣ڤħҲˣҲ覴ñرԸ֪ħôһСŭޱȣҪҡ˿Ծһ۾Ϳ˶ħħŭɶһʩչڤֻգ֮͵˽ǰĹצץħ
ҪһнɱڤħţǶħҲаɱ֮ȫˡ
ȻڤħʻǴׯ֪ڶħõѾȫûҲǣڶħǱߵֻüеѶϢ֮󣬾ֱӱշһɱȻ˵֪ڤħʲ֪֮жǿټŭͷԣԲŻͻȻɱ
ۿڤħʾҪץħʱǱߵշͻȻ
˵꣬һƴȥͨͨһƣȻֱӳڤħϣ߲ҽһξȻֱӱɢ
һǴׯ˿УһŵĻ겻壬ħ񾳽ĸ֣
ħħ񾳽磬ͬɳǱߵˡ
ȻǷʿܶԸģһƣȻûֱɱڤħʣԷܵ˼ֱһλҪҡ
ˣȻǱշħ壬Ƶá
һССħޣҲڱǰұ㽫ɹ񵤰ɡշ˵ֶμΪײУħΪߣΪҩɽʮ٣ҩѧ֮ҲǾ缫ߣ˿̾Ȼǳֱ֣ӽɢڤħɵҩ
ڤħҲǷĹޣ˿ħ񾳽շоȻһ㷴֮ûУҽУͱͻȻðһŵ󱻴෨ӡʱ䣬ҽȻֹһɢһöɢڤâĵҩ
񵤣΢۾ֱˣҲ֪񵤵ǹʿõĵҩ֮һҪƣһζҩΪĹ޲ſԣⵤҩǽԷȫΪᴿǳˣͻõ޵ȫΪ˵һΪɱǡ
΢޹ģ񵤼ΪֻϧҪҲ¶ֺͷշΪ̫ߣԷ˿ԣǾ鷳
΢ֻǿһۣջĿ⡣


İ٩ ҩ
շһץǹպãٿħɽׯˣдһ˿м֮ɫѾȫסˡ
ħɽׯ˶Ǿޱȣ˭Ȼͣһƽڤħȸִ飬ʲô¯ֱӽڤħʸ˵ҩ
ֱǷ˼
˭ΪΰŶħΪǾħɽׯׯʱҲЩӣԷħ񾳽ĸ֣ͬɳˣԷֻҪԸ⣬ַӿԽǾħɽׯħγ
շ忴Ǵׯ㻹֪֣ħޱ¶ѪҲ棬ͽҲɵҩҲ޹ٺҲ޹أǣɵҩ£ҵΪҲɾ
˵꣬շͻȻȡĸ¯֮Ͳһķ֮ڣ˲ϰħޱɣһƾ֮һ𣬿շӾȻǴ㽫ħɽׯħһöҩ
һʱħɽׯڶħ޶Ǿֲѣе±ӣеǴעһƴֻǸոմ𣬾ͻᱻһɣһʱҽ𣬾ħɽׯ֮һʱ侹Ȼͬ޵һ㡣
ׯ˿һŭɫǾ֡
Է׽ڤħɵҩֶβ˼飬Ҳ˵˵ΪߡٿħѹûҪֵ˼ԱߣΪħޣ˷ħб
ǾħɽׯΣˡ
ׯҲҪ֣֪ԼԲħ񼶸ֵĶ֣ӡ
ǶħһβҲˣȻħӣԼΪʲôԣ
뵽ׯʩչֶΣһӶٶȼ죬շ岼µ󷨣ƺҲûнׯׯϾǷħޣʵǼΪǿģȻֶεֵ󷨷Ļߡ
Ҳ򲻹ӣϧܲˣңңϲκλ뿪շʱЦ˵꣬һָά󷨵һ¯ͻȻӶԳׯٶȽ׷ϣȻ¯ϷһɼΪǿ֮ׯֱǵ¯С
Ҫ֪ׯǷħޣ˿̾Ȼһжס㱻ǵ¯Уʣ³ǱڤħʺòĶȥ
ħɽׯвҽɣϿգ΢ڵ˾ͬ飬Ȼħڣĸ˶ʮָо
΢ȫûУ΢ʵۿǰħޱʹֱ࣬ɱʹ졣
ЩαûнͳĵҩУΪǲ̵ħһ͵͵֣Ҳֱӵħ棬Ѻսħ̨ǰˣĴڣĪǾľӦã˾͸ƾʲôûҪշǲһգҪΪǰα˿շǹƨҩҪǿϰٱշ忴ǰħޱ˿Ҳһ⣬ͼһץ󷨵ץһöҩ
ⵤҩ̺ǿޱȵ֮΢ȥҲпԼⵤҩǻֱӽ뷨Ǵ´ࡣ
˵շȻͬСɡ
ֻ΢Ҳ֪ľϾµ飬ˣȴ˺ϣɵĻ˵Ǿ£ҪǴӦ
ҩȻȥܺãԿΪ֮ʲô׶ˣ˭Ҳ֪΢Կ϶ⵤҩȻмı׶ˣ֮ˣǾԲܵġ
΢ۿȥշȻΪǿᣬͷȴޱȣħˣЩϣȻһЩΪϸСơ
ĲͬѣշƣȴǴ濪ʼѿǱ׶ˡ
ǧ˵ѪΪƳɵĵҩȻǼΪѵãշ嵱Ȼ˭ԼúȻħǽˣ߰ɣȥԨŵħʮ˯һΣ´γ˯Ҳ⼸µˣҪϹȥ׼
ãħҲʹ죬շ֮Ͱ˾ħɽׯǲշȥȻҲ˵ȥ
ϻ˭ʦȻ֪ҪȥʲôȻһ̩Ȼֻ΢ԨʲôطΪʲôҪȥ
Ҳ֪Լˣ⼸Ҳδػ˵Ȳ˵
ʱ򣬶ħŤͷһ΢ͻȻշ幰ֵŻħҲıĹΪЩŻħǶһģĪ⣬ǵͼҩħ˵鵤ҩ±һöҩʱΪҲܰһЩæΪħǡ


İ٩ ̵ֱ
΢û뵽ħΪշ󵤡
ٿշɫ䣬Ťͷɨһħ˵ͷħǲҪ֪κһöҩޱȣǷŵҪΪħȡһö֤Ǹֵ
˵꣬շͻȻ̧һȭ΢
˶Ȼᱻһֲ΢֪շʲôˣսթǱɳôö˷֣˵Ӽշһ΢ʱʱ̿̽񾭣շһȭȻǼΪͻȻ΢ȴӦ
˲䣬΢ͲշһȭףҪɱˡĿǰֶθ޷ֵۼȭƺԼΧʮ׷Χȫͬһͷһ㣬΢鼱֮£뵽һС
Ǿ֮ǰħȼѪħָħ⣬˵΢Ŀǰû޵Ĺ
ȼѪħָֻ㾿ȼնѪ˵˼Ĵ򷨣ħľҪ˵һǳԼĸֶԻɱȻͬھ
ۼշһȭڣ޿ɱܣ·һŴ΢ס΢ʱҲֻʩչȼѪħָħӦԡ
ӾѪвĹֱʩչ΢һָѪȼɡ
ɲ֮䣬΢ϾͱһѪ棬ĺ⼫Ϊۣ㼯һָݺݵĴշȭϡ
¡һ죬ڳ˳շ֮⣬ȫһɳˡħ˭ʦϻ΢ֱӱȥ֮⣬ɫ԰ס
ȼɾѪʩչġȼѪħָշһȭԸ൱ʵһжɱѰԴ󾳵ʿˡ
ħ˿ҲӦոշ̫죬̫ͻȻȻҲǾԮԭΪħᱻշһȭ˭֪ħȻʩչһżΪħշȭƿ
Ҫ֪շħ񾳽ħ޸֣һȭֻһɵҲҲǾ춯صģ˵ħֻԾΪԼ¾ܵ£Ҳʮֳ
˭뵽ħȻ
ãܺãħȻ۹⣬ħܲȻħȼѪħָʸһöշ岻ŭϲǺһЦ˦ֳ΢һöҩ΢æס˿ȻΪȼɾѪЩǿŵл
ûӣ˼ֻܰ˼ҵĹʲôʱԼʵշ壬ǾͿôŪôŪֻš
ҲԼշһȭȻᱻһɱô˾ˣħŭҲܺշ巭
ħһʵΪʵ棬ûʵöɣôһöҩǲ֪ɶƶɵġ
ǿʳ
΢Ҳע⵽շԼһöǱϻ˭˶¶̰֮ɫΪߣɿԴΪ˭Ķ
΢ͷһһﶢϿɲʲô£ЩħԸŹ֣бһԲϾɱ˶ᱦԼδǺ¡
΢Ҳзӣ˿˵ֱſ¡Ȼڲõ̵ʱ΢ӣһλ˴˵ᰵᣬԼǵסġʱ򣬾շͶħҲδػܣԻ±ȽϱգҲԶ˶Էͷ
Ȼħԥֱһöϻ˭ʦһϧ
ǼҲĽãһ̷ֻһΣÿЧö룬ȵǿҪͻƵʱԻһһöʱãܷЧáշ忴Ƕ˵˼ٺһЦ
ôһ˵Ƕ˶һǶħҲĶѣ˸æлշ塣
߰ɣȥԨշ˵̧꣬һ˦һڹӿ֣һһʮɳ̵ĺħڿС
΢֪˲õĶٶȱʿҪö࣬ħеĶз
벻շ徹Ȼֶ
ȥɣԨħǿԼУһ¶ˣŻħۣտɵ۵󷨣епħѵõĻᡣħʱ΢˵ʼҪ˺ܶ࣬Ȼǽ΢ĸ
ǣ΢æϡ
ħۿǬһ㶼СÿһﶼǬ󷨣֮ǻȻʣʮֿ
΢Ҳֵһķ䣬泤ʮɣ淭ͷԡ


İһʮ ˼
˷ȥԨգգǱɣշԸһ䣬нĲ塣
ħ˵ͦĲɣϻĽⳤҹ;ǺúýһΣϻЦһ߹˵
΢ûǱ߶ħѾϻ⣬ҵ֣ǳ£СҶԸ㡣
Ҳ˵˵ˣҪŶϻȻԶħʮּɵһЦһ˿ʣһѾʧ١
УҶº޹˼ɣĶúܣѪءħ˵һ΢Ļ
΢ӦˣԼոҩûȫգѪҺУֱѪȻԽҩߡŮ˾ȻǴ⣬ʵ̫ΣգԼĺҹڶѪˡ
˭кͶħĹϵܲ˿Ǳ־Ц˵ͷ

ħ齻΢һӡ
Źϣħ΢ħõ죬ұ㿴㲻һ㣬ͱħ޲ͬԳɴ£Ҳһ·㣬ҲȻûʧȥɱ˽Σ֮ǶǧĹħͻͽҲˣҪһ£ҪʱշħȵͿŻǰҵĸ̫СˣҪ£һҪ۽͸ֶҪ󣬶ҪǿĿɽշħͷܴÿԽǵ׳ҪұۣԺңҲ㡣
΢ӦħҰĺܴȻǲշ£ھڲ֣ԼΪ֮ǰֺͻԵɺϣ˶ħķۣصĸ
ֲãԼҪĽڸħҲöħôϤ࣬Ȼ΢Ϊûô졣
ʱ΢Ȼ˵ʲô
ǹһնħ򣬾շһ·ڶħǨλҲˮǴߣûûڵԸΪͿѡ
ħϸ΢ſڿӵıҲվô˵ħôԼ
ܺãûп㣬㻤ٽЧɣȻʼڶħѪŽħѪֱӿ磬ԨҲԱ֮Σܷ𣬾ͿԨ֮ˡħ˵Ԩ¶֮ɫĺЩ١
΢Ҳ˾ȻԨڶħ˵Ϊ⡣
ͻȻ뵽ħ֮ǰĻ΢ðһͷħͶշͻƽԪĿĻΪ˿Ը׵ĽԨ
ȻʲôգԨþ޴ĺôֻŽ͵ͨضıͼԿʲôģ֮ħ϶һ˲֪ܣԨܡ
ħ˵΢Ҳʡħⷨħ޴˿̶ҪװͶС£͸˵ԼˣȻҪΪӪκγȻٲ³ħԼΪԨʲôط΢Ҳ˽⣬Ŀֲ֮أ˵֮µħҪȥͬ
Ԩһŵħ˵ħɱħѵʱ˭ȥħʮ˯һΣÿһζ˯££ħħ޽ԨΨһᡣ
Ԩʲô΢֪Щħ޵Ļ˵һУȥֻҪܻо޴ջ
΢ûж룬ڵҲݲ룬ȻѾ̤һֻôȥ·´ýŶ뵽Ȼ·һԼΪԨҲǾһԶħŻ᲻İԼ
Խˣ΢ԽǾöħûаģħ΢˭š
ҩʱ΢֪շĵжǿ˵ħʱ֤֤һɵһȻǵжǿȫ֤շˡ֮ħɵħΪǻһ㣬΢շ֪֮ǿȻӹ麣ĽǿҲ˶ˡ
΢ȴǴһ˿˿ԹⵤҩɣȻǴű֮˵ԹԪշ֤˵ħ񼶸Ҳ޷⡣
޽⣬Ͳ˵΢ˣڵҩѾˣҩЧѾգȻЩԹȫ΢壬԰γЩԹΪӣȻһ鷳
ı׶֮һ


İһʮһ ɮ·
΢ĿʱţжħⷨһϤָ΢Ϊ˵ļ졣
ҩ˰˳ɣ΢͸оԼѾż΢֪Լħ֮Ϊ̫죬ʣɵҩõϡ
񹦣ɳ񹦣Ѿ΢˼ߵľ磬浤ڶ浤Ҳֻһ
΢ĹҲǹ磬ϱǹǹɡ
΢Լ⼸;ľ綼Ҫ֤ĳ̶ȣܽħĸһ֤ǻкεȳɾͺʵ
붼ÿֲ٣ʱշ֮ԼĵǰͲˣԼҪɱշ壬Ҳ練ơ
ĵ֤ͬѣ΢Ҳֻˡ
ҩ㶼ˣħʱʵ΢ͷħֵǾͿʼð˻ѪڶħѪɣԨǰΪҪﵽ硣
Դˣ΢мģѾԴ󾳣ĵƻкܶ࣬ò˵ħ޵ֶιȻЧ󣬾һ˻Ѫ񹦣ǿΪĳǿħֻҪħֱӴӵѪҺΪһɵʿᲢ۵ġ
΢ð˻ѪڶħѪʱ򣬺ħͻȻһ£𶯵ƵԽԽ
Ծȥħ֪ħ۷ֿȣԲΨһĽǣڹħۡ
΢ҲǸŶħһܳȥϣշѾһ֣˿ʩչֶΣһ֣棬һ޴ޱȷ·ƽѾǽħץУշʩչֶΣħѾǽɫָˡ
ʱ˭Ҳ˳һ֣ϵЦݶˣͷð顣ϻģһĻ̾Ƿӽ֣Ƿ޸֡
ޣ
΢ҲǺĿȥҪ˵ޣ΢֮ǰҲǼ˭ħķޣϾ˭Ѿħ˵Ҳֻħ޶ѡ
ڣ΢ǵһμޣͷһμǷ޸֡
˿ԶһƬƺУһΰӰΰӰһʵǿķӡԺһֽɫ⣬ħն·֮һ㡣ڷ£żͷУһҲ˫ֺʮоģһǿޱȵͬΣϯ
ħУзޣ΢һ䣬һ΢ȷ棬Ҫ֪ħпвǿħޣħĴڣɽˣҲ׽ħ
Щޣħоͷ·֮ƺѹħǿԸʴһʿħ
Щͺ¿ƺֶοħħһǴնħߣҪҿûôסշ˿Цһô˵Ҳħ񾳽磬¡
ʩຣޱ߻ͷǰسɷ𣡡һȥ͵Ĵд˿˫ƺʮ˵ͬо΢ѪӿȻòĴкܲ򵥡
ħħȫһģ־ᣬԼȲˣζħ˭ʼ˵ˣȻֺһЦݣ˭óϵЦɱ⡣
ȻзȨǰǷޣһһķޣ˵˵һһ׵ġ
ҲνħֻһҶĿڲͷֻΪ㻹ûֻҪˣб˷зĵطħĴ΢Ц˵԰ͨѵףħǴɱ˫ۣͷɣȱ׷ͷɳɷ𡣡
ǲͷأ˭Цɣȴ䵽㡣
Ǵһ̾ϢȴǻߵļҲһȻеնΪƣħҲΪƣΪƾ٣ħ棡
˵ô࣬Ҫǰж̫˷𣬸㣬ڣҲ棬ҡ˭ЦŨ
΢һԿţЩԭǳ˭ģҿӣˡ
Ǽͺ¿Ȼûѱܺãͳһ㣬գ㽫ҡշʱͻȻ˵ͻȻʩչħһ̣һ޴īɫħðץźħ۵Ľָײ
ħ֣ŻȻΪɲ⣡ħ˿һƨȻ֪ħֵħ񾳽ħ޲ʩչħǿͷ֣ɵȻǷͬСɡ
ʩչħ֣ħ񾳽ħͷãħ񾳽֤ħһ޶Ĵħͷ˷Ȼ԰Ϊ²ħ˵꣬һĳ˦


İһʮ ܶȻ
еһţɲ֮䣬һׯޱȵĽ⣬ͷ·Ǳʹֻգ֮䣬аɴС·޵һ
ͺ¿ħһɫҲǼΪأľ޴ޱȣ޴ɱܡ
˭ȻЦͷѾȻԷ԰ԵĴΪҪöࡣ
շħ񾳽ĸ֣˿Ҳüͷ塣
Ȼ޺ֶΣһԣרſħޣҲΪˣһЩ𷨸ķ޿ɽħһЩħҲ޿κΡ
Ȼշ˵Ǵûʲô˲ڴЩɮ˸ǲֵһᡣɵģǴǾ޴ķӰ
ʣǷܵķͶӰΪⷨͶӰЩûгɷɮ˺вܵ˴ܽĺħ
ҲֻǼɵѣշ岻ͬͨħɵħͬʱ֤ΪʶǱħƥеġǷͶӰϾ䱾շҪ֮ȻЩѶȣ
ͷµĽģ֮ħɢ޴ѹȶͬѣҫ֮£µɽҲһǿ֮¿ʼ飬ʯ䣬ɽͶѡǶʿֶΣ΢Ҳͷһμ޵ķ𷨣⵱Уϵ
м𷨣ɱУҲǶȻ֮
΢žȻһ㱣˵з£𷨣һƬ׾ûκֻƽͣ·һƬС
𱾴ȱ˽ƵĻᣬΪƣħҲģħƣԸħɳɷ㣬𣿹˷̣Ǵ淨µķ˵ƺһħ˳ĤݣԾܾ
ǱħޣʱȻڵϣ˫ֺʮз֮Ա
΢ᡣ
Ǵħޣ΢ͼԦħħͬޣ˿ǺȻӿ΢ͻȻð⣬ħɣתɵ
ɵͷ˭Ҳ˭ԶȻħޣħ˶ϣɵʿǾͲˡ
һｵһܶħȴɵ
΢ɵһǺ嫷ˣİ׹磬涼ʧһգ΢һԼڿУͷĻѹ£ղžȻǽɲС
һ˲䣬΢һ亹ȻԼһ˵ԼħͬޣĻɱɷˡ
ոתɵҲǼΪΣգһշ˲Լɡ
ڣշѾȥǴе˶ûע⵽ߣħϻ˭˫ۻ㱣ȻЩʶС
΢˿æתħͬʱǱ߶ħһعȳȻң
һ̣ħ죬Ȼħûб𷨶Ȼڶҹ˭ֺйһЦңħԸٴգʲôȱʲôƣƭ˵İϷƱж񱨣ɱŮǸΪλңΪûܵӦħҪɱɱǱӦ
˭ЦݵдŨŨ⣬ǱЦ˷ѽ⡣
ʱħȴ̾˿ôȥˣ㿴һ㣬ֻҪ޳ħ񣬱ܱںЩͺ¿òŷϻɱ
ɱ˭Ͷħ̳ȥ
΢ֲûбֳǷ𷨶Ȼѳ˼öħ֪Լѵı죬Ȼġ
ʱϻŮħͷҲعŭ壬ȡһѳìɱȥ
Ǳߴ԰Ȼ׼ر֣ǰֻΪ˶ȻץסǴħԲͨɮˣҲ˭ֺС
ֻ˭԰Դп϶ɹˣڣﻹշħ񾳽ĸ֡
Щ޵׼ٳ֣ҲӦԲ
Ȼ˺ܶ鷳˲ʱ䣬յĽ΢Ԥϵһշ岻֪ʲôħȻǴһƬڰ޵ٳһֻ޴ޱȵħֻ֣һץͽŽķͶӰץ顣
ʣ԰ԴбҲвշͶħ֣ı˺ƣЩɮ˷Ҳһڷʣ԰ԴУһ²ΪҲ޷ȴҡͷ̾һϥһһξģһ̣ϾȻӿһ·ͭһĶ°ڣ۶ڱǡֻƬ̣԰Դоͱһͭ


İһʮ ɽ
Žղ壿շмʶһ۾Ϳ԰ԴʩչֶΣдһ˿ȣݴŷ𷨵ĶǷţҲ˵л۸зԵˣЩŵ
һаˣĪΪŪôһƤˣЦϻ˿ȴΪŭҲ֪ոձǷ𷨶Ȼоʲô¾ȻЩ߳ŭӡ˵ֱ꣬ıһĳì˹ȥǷħ֣һ̹ȥ˶Դ̸Դ˿̣ȴǱ԰ԴеƤ𿪣Ȼ޷ơ
ȻǴһһš
ղ壬䲻ƣ򷨲ϻɱҲɱŻҲûʲô취һʩչŷ𷨣ķҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ˭˿Ц˵͸һ˿û䣬ȻЩп԰Դǰʦֵܣˣ˷ΪУȻꡣ
˵Ĳķ𷨾鷳ȻʱɱҲ뿪շЦһʩչͼ˦ֶһС۴ϸĺߣԲԴв˸ʵʵȻʩչħʬ֮Ǽķʬū԰Դн˺ħۡ
·ûκ谭һ֮󣬺ħᵽԨڵɽ
տȥԿһƬɽ壬ж£ֻɽûһһݣһƪ֮⣬ɽļ̣ͬһѰѵУֻ۾Ըܵһǿҵɱ֮
˴ɽγɵѾ޴ӿֻ֪ɽȫǽɣɽϵĵзޱȣǷᱻնƬշվ۴ͷֶ󣬶ħֺкϻվ΢ͼͬʬһʬū
ħı鿴Ȼ΢ܸо˷ܡ
ԨУȻҪȡ֮ҾҪĶ
ȥɣɽϲɷУᱻϿ߮Ľ֮նɱ·ȥշ߶ħɽ£ۣüʬū̧԰ԴУһɽ
ɽ·᫣ȫǽ棬еʮɸߣе·Сһ㣬СĲ棬ƽơڰ΢ڣǵûһͨˣЩʬū֪ʹҲ¡
ɽһ޴ĻɽɽһأԨڴ˴
Ĺɽ룬᫵·һ·£أҲһƬߣʬһЩطеضǲǻһЩ޴ħ׳档Щħ׳漫ΪΣգǹ룬еͬĿħ޵ʵѰҲԸǣ˵Ĵ󲿷ˣǵ
ֻˣǲǡ
շǿֲħϢ֮£ħ׳ûһҿģֻΧȥŻ̽
֮ħ׳֮⣬кܶħޡ
ɽħޣûһƲɽħһԲϴ֣һܣնɱֻħ׳涼֪һЩ˲ǣЩħ޾͸֪ˣӦշħϢжԶԶһЩͷûвͷԵ߹ȥžʱӲֻǾ͵һ򣬿ͷġ
ħֻҪΪߣʲôõ㹻𾴡
ǰһ޴ĿӶֱ£֪ͨ
΢֪·һĿӶԨ˿ѾǾۼǧħޣ˵Ⱥħ衣շ嵽ҲôˣΪħ񾳽Ϊĸֲ
շ壬ԭ㣬ƽԪأң˸յһŭ΢һֻо˺ϤȴǴûм
߰˳ϣΪǿ׳ŲΪȥرߣҲԴ󾳣ȴǸһħ񾳽ĸ֡
˲ǣħ񾳽ĸ֣ƺΪ
ħǼΪټ
ԭħҼħҪûշ˿̹һЦ飬ﵱǲм
ħƽԪʲôҲԳħǱ߸ߴħһмͣһ£շɫһոǰһͼԷǱߵħҲһڸߴħ޵ǰ
ħֶԳ֣Ȼǿʮ㣬һӾͽΧĿۼ˹
΢ǷӦշħԭˣֲԼϤԭ͸оħĿһޡ
Լնɱʱ֪ħԽħħڿһ壬ħµǡ
ʱ򣬱˵΢ǶħһĸֶҿҲСħУħֿɲ˭ܽеģħħɽ磬ҲеǶǵλȻĴڡ


İһʮ ڿ
ħûɽɳϵȴħšħħ֮˵ͬħţֻһλħħִħţͬħħڵУҲһλħħħħСĶӣԣŻᱻΪħŵħǿǳԽɽ˵ĴڣֻħħУҲǿޱȵĸ֡
˵ǻƽԪȻթʵҲǿħȷûʸΪħ
շɫԷҲħ񼶸֣ﻹħŵħޣĶ֣϶ǻԿЦһȥɱҼħִħ˭˵ħħУΨħšħħ֮ʸΪħ˭˲֪˭˲
ô˵ڽħªţЦʲô
շ廰һתȴֵħ㣬˵֮ǰ˽类һ΢ɵʿն壬ħƴ󰡣˵ͻ˺Ľ
ȫȫڳħǲȻŭշ壬ʲôǻƽԪһѣ˵ǰ㻹ɳɹ٣˼ɳҲΪǻƽԪȻ˵ͷռū˲ݰǸƽԪսթƭҲ飬ıƶȡħħְλߣϧħУΨħƴħǰǰ䵽ƽԪҪ˶ãͺħһװˣڵħڣħûУδʵڵħڣԺħ
շȻҲŭޱȣֳ֪ϺħͻĳǸȻ嶯顣ЦһħΣͲħˣĳһҪȰһ㣬ԨɲСҼҵĵطΪȥ֮Ҫˣ
˵꣬תߣٺħ˵ħջѣԷȻУҲһ䣬ʹա
ôգշ嶼ħ񼶸֣֪硣ΣħԨ˵ϹħӡܶȡһռУΪֱ̻ͻħ񾳡
һֱΪħĶ̰壬ΣҲŹᡣŪһϹħȻռݣʱֱȥһƽԪ鷳
ˣǸ΢
Ҫ˵ħ˿޵ˣǸ΢ԼԷնɱϢѾ˽֪ɱƱػΪħһ۵㣬Եʱһ£ȥ˽磬ǸƨԪɱȮɱ΢йͷ֮ޡ
ʱ˷˱߲ƣͬͭԲԴСħЩħ޵ľǷޣ˿̼ԲԣǺΧ
շһλضܹЩ޵ĶȻ˷ħץסһΪķޣͺ¿ֻһɳɷħãξһ޳λйˣͺ¿ʩչ˽ղӳ䲻ƣ򷨲λ˭ܽɱˣеѪȫУ⣬ѪΪȻͻͽ
˵꣬Χڶħ޿ʼԵʮ˷ܡ
޵Ѫ⣬ϲֵõɮҪɷķޣѪֱͬ鵤ҩһƽּķޣħ˭ܶԸѹûᣬڻˣ˭ԡ
һ󵽼㣬Ƥħһ԰師ܳ
ԣһûԹأһħż±Ļһû˵꣬İ師ѾǸ߸𣬳ԲԴеԴȥ
أ
һ죬ܵħֱӲҽŵ˳ȥеİ師Ѿһһ飬ڶˡ
ٿԲԺУȴǺһͭƤҲûκκۼ
Žղ壬Ȼ鴫ҲԡʱħǰħһսթһģȡһֻƴСܣ˷ֻƬ̣ܾȻǳСɽһС޴ޱȡ
һ̣͵³ͷݺݳ˹ȥһ£һԵɽҲܳ飬Ǳſһ磬ͻһŸޱȵĶҺͬһ㣬ԲԴڡ
ⶾҺΪԵߴ˿ҲǲҽޱȣȥӻշСǸվĹħޣⶾҺһΣҲǹⸯ䣬ڲҽлһ̯Ѫˮࡣ
ⶾҺϣԲԴҲðһİ죬ΧĽҲȫʴڻ
ȵɢȥͼԲԴ𣬲ûܴ
ڶħ޶Ǵ󾪣ղֻ΢ԲԺϵĽ⣬ƺһЩ


İһʮ 
ղ壬ǲֻһַŵмΪǿ𷨣ܵǻ
˵ĿǰԲԴоôһΧħ޲ϵ͹Ȼȫ
ò˵ķ𷨹Ȼж֮ղǿҲǳ΢ڶħ޵Ԥϡ˿ϰħַ͹˵ֶξκβá
˵ħаţҿͺ¿ħ޻Ҫаţһħ¶˼ɵϴ죬ȴһް취
Ҳ֮ǰǱħ񾳽ĸָץסˣԷз֮Ϊϣֻ·һ
ߣϻҲ˹ӪǶħû˶ħֺҲû
ԲԺеħԽԽ࣬ը֮£ԲϵĽҲһһʧ֣ڶħ޸ϲ
΢űڶħΧȴԲԣҲһ˿壬Ȳ˵ԷôһݷΪˡ
ù£ڶħ𾪵ͬʱҲ˵ӡ
һץסķ޾ѾôɱǶ֣
뷨ħ޲ʱһħ񾳽ħǰһȭͬʱ޺թ֪ɣȴǰֲ幦شħ޵ģ֮Ǽթ֮ˡ
䣡
ħһȭȥ޴ޱȣôһȭѰһɽ嶼׻飬ǿȭƺԲϣȻû˵Էֺ
ߣұ㲻Ŵƣħ񾳽ħ߳ŭȻǳȥȭһȭ̵ͬĺˮһӿԲԺϣһʱֻըһ죬ÿһȭȥһƬضҪһ£֪ħ񾳽ֵȭͷжˡ
ʱ΢ƺһ
Ϊ΢ƺһעͻ᳹ʧһ΢һͨϸһȴͷһһ
ȻԲԺзġ
λʩƶɮԲԣˣ
ƶɮʩչȻ֮ʱ̤ʶУ֪һЩܣͨ˷֮ͨɼʩҷԵзԵ֮ˡ
˷֪ħ񾳽ΪֵĶ֣ԵһЩ顣ԲͨʦܿӣṴƵһ棬󳹴ħع;֮⣬ɽЩħޣ岢ļ᲻ɴݣᱻǴ飬ƶɮ£ֻҪ
λʩɵʿħҲΪСңȫңƶɮҪȫʩ㡣һǰõңһҵĲ壬һɵЩħ֮磬Ҳܰ㣬ȻҪʩʩҲҪ黳ʱɱΪƣ㲻ɱңҲɱɱңҽѣҲ˺ôֲΪνҲ˭
΢ֻû˵һ仰ϾطҲ˵ĵطⷬ΢ԲԴи壬ǰ治ɫǸɮ緶
Ȼ΢ɱԲԴУ΢֪ԷҪԼһʹ졣һΪԼӮ޴뵽΢˵ͷû˵˼ѾǱ˳
ͬԲԺ˵ģʱɱˣΪ񣬶ơԼԼҲΪʣڰȾʵ
ֻ΢ˣƬ֮΢ԲԴеҪǰһҲʼԲԴе
Ҿ֪ﲻסˣãҲáȻħ΢ôʱù£΢ܳԼӿһЩٶȡ
ΧԲԴе˺ܶ࣬΢ӽȥѹκ˻ֻǸڱ˺治Ͻ
΢ݼܲԲԴеҲ޷졣΢֮ǰϵĽˣȵ΢֮ԲԴѾֻʣʮ΢һ⣬ħ޶λ˷ܺͷ
죬ץʱ޿סˡ
ãܺãҲô˶˶ĵӣҪ˶޾군ˡ
Щħ޵Ľޱȣ΢˿̿׼ʱȻйǽԲԴеؿڡ
ǱʿģٶĽҲᱻԲԴеĲһΣ΢ĹǽȴǺ谭Ĵ̴ԲԴе
Ϊ̫ͻȻΧеħ޶ûзӦȵ˷ӦʱһĻǽܶ˶סˡ
һϰħ޶ùµĽղ壬ȻǱһͨħһɱֱš
˶סˣĿɿڴĿǱߵ΢Ҳħ
˿̣ЩħŶħϼµ˶΢¶˼Ŀ⡣
˭


İһʮ Ѫᣨһ
סħ޷͹Ľղ壬˿̾ȻǱһΪرߵħһ̴壬Ȼ˳Ծ
ԲԴϵĽʮ΢ĳ̶ȺΧħ޶Ӧ˹ʺ˰
󣬱ĻҲ޶ȣħ޿ըһԷķҲǸ˱õģڴʱһ̴
ʱмħһתǰǿɲʲôأղշ˵ˣ˭ɱޣǶԷѪ͹˭Уֻɲ̳࣬޵Ѫ⣬Ȼħһ¥
Ǹȥͱ˸
һǶħħ£˵ʵħһԲԴɱħҲǰ̾ħãôˣץסõĻᣬħΪһ·ģʵˣڳڶħޣǴﵽģδħĶ֡
ЩһҪԼµĺô͹ͣħȻӦһˣȴ˭ֺС
˿һЦݣ۾ȴ׹а⣬˭ٸҾҪ˭ļơ
ЩҪṦ͵ħȻҲһʱҲҪǴĺôһԥҲûٳϾ˭һɱǷ޵ǰǸħޡ
˭һħ޲ʵ
ħҲһǱһ֮˹ͣǵûط飬һ¶ѯ֮ɫ
ʱȻ΢ҪԼ˵Լš
˿ǰסǽһǽ˶ħ£ħ
ħû˵˭
ҺţǶħµһ˵Ǹǧһȡ
ԣԣҲˣħ
ԭǴˣΪһ廨ͷأû뵽ˢӡ
϶ûħҲ𣿡
ΧҪ֪Ԩڵħ޶ħеĸ֣Ծ磬֪ţѾ൱׵ˡ
ʱ˶շ壬ϾģҲҪλħ񾳽ĸС
շ˿΢ЦոȻЩɣΪħһܽǷ޻ɱȷûпκ⡣ʹȻѹյһݣħһһݡ
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շλǶɲĳƫ̻ħ֮ˣȷħʵռˣȻɱޣô޵ʬˡ
ʱ˭ֺͻȻߵѾԲŵԲԴǰ棬ŶԷ˰죬ŵʦ֣Ǻο࣬ħħĸԸֺοңһţģʦֵһô˵ҲҪһȫʬ
˵꣬ͻȻһץͼһɼΪǿ֣֮ԲԴؿڵ˿һѪҺƺǽеѪҺ˳
һֺ̣нһƯڿеѪҺ˦΢ȻŤͷշŻΣɷһӣ
ħֺйϵܺã˿ҲֺҪʲôȻоȫûбҪʱΪ˹˼ֺУҲӲͷƤǰ顣
շ΢΢üʱҲþܾЦѾ޹أԲԺеʬѾħģӦŶԡ
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΢ԲԴĴ壬ȻҲԸλɮ٣ŸôܱеڵˣֻҪ˳¿С
΢⾫Ѫ㹻ֻ˻Ѫ񹦣Ѫħ
ħ˵ͷȷħħһ붼Խڵģ˻ѪѪĶħѪħûнħЦǱˣ
˵꣬΢˵ͷȻֺж嶯ˣҺŻû׷ȻҲ鷳ʬôԼȥŪɡ
ֺе˵ͷ΢Ҳ˲ͬС
ͺ¿ѪþȻӡħʱѵ΢ͷֱ˸طϥ£Ȼת˻Ѫ񹦣ſһͽڿеһѪҺС
ħ˵ûڸոգΧвħһԿӣħѪ֮󣬶һϧŤͷ뿪
ڵ΢һħһ㣬Ѫֱֵ˵ڶħõʱ򣬶ħħǲɳϸһ㻳ɢˡ


İһʮ Ѫᣨ
ĸɳϸһ㣬ܣֻħħޣŻԥʳѪ
ʵ΢ѪҲΪʵԼħ޵˼жħԼ΢Ǻ޹˼ɵԲԴеľѪ
ܿ΢ͷ֣ԲԴеľѪЩͬѰԴ΢˻Ѫ񹦺󣬿˵ѪҺħħѪԲԴеľѪѪȫͬ
⾫Ѫ̺һּΪǿŷ
΢ϸϣ̷֣͵ԲԴʱܵǾ޴ͶӰһ
Ƿ
̽飬΢ȵķ֣ԲԴеѪȻǲеķ˻ѪҲ޿κΡ
ħѪİ˻Ѫ񹦣ȻԲԴеѪ޿κΣʵǲ˼顣һ̣΢ʶһ£ԲԴѡʣҵʱǾѾﵽһµľ磬һ˲䣬ԲԴбɷˡ
ǷӵѪǾǷѪȻѪ΢Ѿ£Σܲܵˮȣ̫˷ѣ˻Ѫ񹦶˵ѪԼʱ򣬳³ûеڶַӡ
ʱ΢ƺһţһ̣ԼµķѪȻӿԼħģƺҪħİͬ
΢һ˵ûдЩѪϸܵ˿⣬ħĶ΢˵Ҫ΢ħͬ޵Ļݲ˿ʧӦ߶ħģǷѪų⡣
˫ãѪֻ÷ȴתħ֮£㼯һӡ
Ѫᡣ
һѪƯħΧһɷյӰ
Ѫһɣ΢ǸоһѪһ̣Ϊ֮ǰշڳֵЩԹ֮˿̾ȻȫȻԭԹȻһɨա
΢Ǹоһͨ͸ͨ͸ͷ·һ궼ûϴˣͻȻȪϴϴһһ
շȷ׶Ҳ󣬱ҩеԹ΢Щģû뵽ηѪ֣ȫ⡣
ʱ΢֪ЩԹж٣֮ǰûвЩԹȻѾȫ͸嵱УҲմȾܲˣ䷢չҪ˶þͻ䷴ɣʱȻ
ڣͬѾȾɫˮٴα峺һ㣬Ҳʧ١
ˣ΢ΪҲٶһΣħΪȻΪҲ
һ̣΢ͻȻӿһͷ·ʵʣһ̣һͷӶ·΢һΪ
һ΢ȻԼͬһ㣬ͬǣ֮һǣڣ΢ˣһͷӿ΢֪ԨжħޣǵģԿһԶĵطҲ֪̽
Īǣ΢һ˿ͷƯڿУ˵һ˿ͷӶǣһһ͹ľ޴С
һͷ֮ӦϡǶѵĵлû£ֱͷ棬ֹס׹֮ƣƯڿС
ȥ
߳ļ̵лһ⣬ݺݵĴڵϡ֮΢һ˿ͷΪģɢΡ
۾΢жȻͬжˣֻҪ΢Ը⣬һֱħ׳汳ϵëжٸ
ˣ˿̣һ΢ŤͷһǶħ
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˵ԷǵˣҲ˵ħôĽթΣգ΢֪Ϊ֮Կôħǹû
Ƕħٶħڣ΢ٸߣҲܽͻƣһ·硣
Լ˽磬Ҫ磬ٵʱ⣬Ѿˡ
֪ħȷħҲǵͷãܺãղҸо֪㣬´вȻ鷳
ħ˵ʱ΢ħһ˿޵ԹƺħԼûв
΢һ㶣ֿǱ˭ֺУϻǶҲԹļ
΢Ӧȴǳʵ̫У֪öã
ʮգôһţ֪ͺ¿ľѪǻΪأħЦ


İһʮ Ծ
Ȼȥʮ죿
΢Ҳǰզ࣬ԼȻǺ޲ЩѪѪѣΪλȥôá
΢Ȼ˵͸¶˵ԼзѪᣬԼʮʱ϶Ƿ˲顣ǶħֺкϻϳԹֻ˵һ£Ҳ̷շ
ΪѪԼΪԹ΢Ѿ˽кþл죬һöҩ˵ۼϰ̷֮ȥԼΪҲ˶о޴ı׶ˡǱǵҩϵԹԹΪ⣬ǰ浤ҩܻ⣬һȻᱻЩԹãʱˣ亦
ڶħ̷һΪûв΢ԹٹһʱգԹӾͻᷢ֡
շϿʲôԹ΢ͻȻ뵽һֿܣշΪҪ͵
УħΪ֮ǰΪԼշҪҩ
ΪԼã
ãշ͸ħֻǶħĵҩ⣬һֱûгԣΪԼҩδؾûҪԼ»ʲôӦ˼
뵽΢ҲǾһ亹
Щħޣȷǽթޱȣʲôè壬߾ǶҩôԼ£Ȼ亦һ·߹ʱħų˵ҩǿԼûʲô״ŷ̵
ǱֺкϻӦԼʮʱշ˵ҩ̷
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΢ȻҲǣԼ˵ҩ֮֮󣬸ǲᷢġ
ħȻ֪΢˿룬ʮ췢һ΢֪Լٴ¡
Լ֮ڶ죬ħΪһ֮˽ҪһµԨУû뵽ȴ˾ŵһħ
ħ
ǵͬħħ֪жǼùħֱӱħɱħһڡʴ桯Ԩڷա֮ħֱʮһεĳ˯С
⼸ڶħѾǽ֮ǰǼðʧʮ˴ˣֻҪٵգȵħ˯ԽУΪҪн룬˶ȥ
ħҲǽȻ˭ҪԨС
⼸еħ񾳽Ѿһӣǡʴ桯䣬Ǳʩչͷƺ俪ʱͷԼǡʴ桯һͨʱԣȵ㻹ֻʱˡħʱ˵
Ȼ˽ķӣܲܳɹ˵ʵ϶΢˵Ԩ岻ģȥҲûʲô˺ܶΣաԨȻΪħأȻ൱գħޣԾ磬һƬħ񾳽ҲʮԼȥδֵʲôô
֮󣬿ɼͷһƬǱ̿ɣȵճ֮£ԨڴɼףƺкɫĻڲϷա
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˿һգǺɫʴ澹Ȼˣ¶һЩ϶㹻˴ж
ߣ
һĻħްͲסȻ³ȥ
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κʱ򣬻ǺΣղ棬˵ʴ棬ԨҲΣء˴ʮпܽһΣ˭֪ʱʲô
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ǼȥħޣһãСʴ棬ȼǣ֮⣬༸˳Ĵķ϶档
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Ҳߣշ忴ʱ࣬Ҳ£ϻ̸ֺȥħͷ΢ҡ
˵ҲһԾ£΢


İһʮ ħ
˿ķ϶ԽԽ㹻˴ֻҪرģû⡣
ΧǷĽУ飬֪ж١΢СĴһʴ棬档
ʮ־޴΢ܿͿһ޴ޱȵұϣȻһޱȵĹ
ͻȻ΢һϸһ֪һȻǷ·ڻһ㣬ұϡ
ֻϸ΢˿ȫһڻ
ħȻһڻ
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ΩΩФǿһ۾˲΢ѾʿɿħǴо־塣
ڻ˻ŵ΢ȴһ۾ͿʦֶΡڻÿһʣÿһϣʣʦֶΣܻһħˣȻǼΪĴڡ
΢װ֮ɨһ۶ħͼħ˫͸һ˿֮ɫ˫ȭ߬ȻҲڻŵ
ħʦ΢Ǽģǳ΢ҲǴӶħʦ򣬻ȥ֮ŽԼʦһµľ硣
Ȼ΢ܿĶħҲܿ
֮⣬ħ޾ͲʦİˣȻҲұϵĹһ
ħഫħұڳ˯һȻˣȻѾ˯ƣȻ˲ǿԺħȼĴڡһħС˵ǾɫСʵħ̫ɷħ޼ˣҲ¡
ߣһȺ׳գħ˯£ץʱԨʱһͶһΣաһħ񾳽ĸ˵꣬ûפǴһȺ³ǰһ޴ʯŴС
˿ʯŻһ죬Ȼֻһ죬ΪɽʯŹھ޴һҲ㹻ʮ˲Žˡ
ʯྫ̣Ȼһǧħͼõ̵ֶŪһǧħɷ
΢ʯţԴҲ˵һһ֮ɫ΢Źߣû˿Ծı飬һߣħҲһȣεĺܺã̾ͻָ΢ע⵽ѹûпһĻ
΢֪ħ϶Լһ˶ߡ
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룬ëȻ
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ѵҲʦֶΣʦ΢ԴҲһ֪ʱ΢뵽һֿܣǺһͣѵ뵽ĪǣոЩħޣǽ뵽һУ
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дţħɣ˻ǹ룬򷨲磬ɺɽʴ档
һιڡʴ桯֡ħ𣬲Ž棬ɫīԶħ޻ߴ֮ްлߴ֮ʴǣһȻɢڡ
΢һο֣ע⵽һ£Щд൱ƯֱԼ޼ˡ
һ֮ϣҲ̺żǿķ
ϹΪ˽̻ģȻҲԸЧ·дʲôʲô
ҹڡʴ桯΢ôЩ϶һִǿķ
΢ĬһλģֱһȻ൱̧ͷһħıڻ΢ͻȻ


İٶʮ ı
ڻϵħִ˿ӳãָûô򵥣ΪԲܴ˼ȥ⡣
ڿһƪֵʱ򣬶ῴ֮⣬һʶֵˣһЩŹֵķšЩĻ⣬΢鷨ңֵļȻǲͬڳˣ˵ڳʮħ񼶸֣鷨ϵ趼΢ʮǧ
˿̣΢һԾķ֣Щ֣ħҲһֻ
ϸ鿴ͻᷢЩ֣һźףдСɷ裬ţ̺ǿķ΢ڿԿ϶һħͼĸ֣Լľǲ֪˶٣ǾĹ麣ˣδڻʦֶΡ
ĪǣʦĳɾͣﵽֵزСī硯ľ磿
п֣пŵʣһڻ΢Ļʦ֮ٶ
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΢֮䣬Ѿвħ޽ԨڣʱշҲûʲôΣգк˽롣
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Ȼ䣬΢ðһͷĪǽ˻
΢Ҳûʱ俼շѾкǽ룬жħһԣ΢ҲֻǸһ߽Ⱦ޴ޱȵʯŵС
һƬڰֺĺڰҹ֮ǿ塣
һƬڰûгã֣Ҳʮֻ谵㹻˽Χɫˡ
ʮĵص磬׵£ҲиʵͱڣԶɽ͵֣ԶĵطһƬ硣
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еģѾΪһЩֵı֡
ǰ棬һʯߣ̺ħĺʯǧö֮࣬һȲСĲƸ˿ѾħΪ˴֡
ߣǧöʯЩһͷ֪νշЦһȻûнЩ
΢ʱҲ棬ڴħΪηҪԨĿģȻʦйϵ
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շ嶼ˣ͸˵ˣҲǲֻʶܣ΢ͣۼͷħ΢ҲǷһԾڰеʱ򣬾ͱħֵನɨУͬײһ΢оۣ֮£ֱһѪ
ûн磬ħ񾳽ֵһֻǱನɨУ΢ҲǳԲ˶ߣǲҲҪȴǺ˺ֻܶ࣬˶ѡ
һ̣ħ
ɱҰ⼸һﶼɱˣʲôƨħħƴշ壬ʲôҲھ֪ôдħ˿һħ񾳽ֵĻ֮¸˿̣Ѿħ񾳽ĸȥշͶħˡ
ȻħδģͲһħ񾳽ĸ֣֮⣬ʮħ޸֣˿ҲΧ
ħ֮ǰշ̣о˿ȴֱ̲ԨͻȻ֮ǰʵֻһħ񾳽ĸߣ£ȴαװ˿ͻȻѣȻռ˾ԵϷ硣
շߣֻһħ񾳽ĸ֣Ӧħ񾳣ҲǼΪϣ̵ߣ
˵̾ӣʣϻͶħǣħ񾳽ĸֻ֣ǿٱӡʱԹ˲Ͼܹ˵΢ʵ΢ߣмħΧ΢һշͶħȻҲţһǹתӡ
׷׼һҾҪƽԪһֱնϣɱշ壬ƽԪͳûϻʱʲôߣħҲ䣡ħ˿緢νԨħųħ񾳽ĸ֣˵ң֮ѡԨŶ֣棬շߡ
ڣǾӣҲֻܾԨ֮أӵʲôط
΢˿̿ٱӣħǽ׷ᡣ


İٶʮһ ΢
ħΪһ磬磬˵ҪԸһħޣֱѴ֮
ʵô
ʮһͱ֮ϣ΢ħ޸׷Χס
ħӵĵͦ죬ֻϧ컹һͷǸħ޴˿˵ոǷ׷ȻǱħӳôԶЩҲסΪˡ
ħֻһͼħޣΪֶǿԾͶˡֻѹ֪΢ΪѾˣ΢ħģħɵһ֮
֮ȻǱѰħҪö࣬ħȻ磬һǷ磬ĺ΢δӮ
Դӽħ΢Ϊ˵ǳ˳һҪͻˡٶȣħһЩżħ޶Ȳϣħʱ΢ҲĿѣȻҪԸħ޶ǲܣ˵Ըˡ
ڣħģѪصĴѪҺǧĹ˰˻Ѫ񾳣ħѪԲԴеķѪǽѧᡣڵ΢ͳħʱѾǽȻͬǸʱ΢ϷĸֻѾնɱֵʵ
ȻԵħޣһ
ֻҪУɱķʣ㲻ΪˡˣǶħõ;ħɽׯׯ˶սʱõҪһҲ졣
΢˻ѪʱѪҺһħȼѪħָ΢ƾһħӲǵħշһȭ˵ʱշһȭûȫǱϾħ񾳣Ҳ͵ͬɵˣһ㣬˵΢⡮ȼѪħָˣ˵ĿǰΪֹħ΢յĹֶεбǿһ
ҪһɱΪҪһķħޣбһиʺϵ
΢˵Ǵ߶ħ
Ƿħ޻֪ͷһԶԷģħͷʢ˵ǧɧӶŮˣħ򼸴Ůռ֮һǿɣϧԺܲˣˣھ·
ϣɱţҶЧͱãħҲԾ磬ҶһֻһˣĪǻܷ첻ɣһħɭɭЦһԶ΢ı顣
ƣħƺ㶯ˣֱǲ֪һħҲЦ˵˶ԸһҾѹԷȻûнԷ
һ̣΢˵ֱһָǷħޡһŭ˵ħǲ֪ôдȻĹԼ
ⷨħмŭһһȭͷ֮ϾȻǻ۳һźâȻһħһȭȻǴħУ潫ɱ
ԱħҲǰħ͵ϮҲӦóһЩԼԷȴǲ֪͵ϮϣһоͿԶʤˡ
ʣ϶ǶϽħɸɱΪǷĸ֣Բ䡣
һ̣Ϻ΢ħײһ
һײ촫Ȼ󣬵ȴʮ㡣֮´ĳȻǽһͱڶѣΧʯǱĽ
ͼһѪɳȥڰоķѣǿ飬
ȻһɱħԱһħ޻ûͿʼµǸħ޿ˣȴ˫۵ɴͬ˹һ㡣
ԣħɱ˶ϣȻһнϻɱħ޷ӦǼе˼顣
ôܣһҲˣȷһлɱĺȻвܣΪﵽĶϡ
ٿħȼѪɫ棬ħ٣ɱڡ
ħ޷ӦҲ죬֪ħҲǱѪһĻסˣʣԷڰԻǰԻ˵ħΪҲﵽ˷
ǿ϶Ǵﵽ˷ͲͨΪλһܡ
ǷӦ֮תܣǿûжϵİ£ɶ϶һиɵĪֵܵס
Ҫܣ΢Ȼû뿪ʵϣȼѪħָһнɱ΢Ԥ֮ڣҲԤ֮⡣
һ΢ǺķɾѪ㽫һħûɶκ󼰵ġħĴҲСɾѪ΢Ҫָղܲа˻ѪѪѪħʱ̡


İٶʮ ħ
ɱ˶ϣ΢һץжɢѪҺץһѣȻѪҺʩչˮʽ
ˮʽΪ񽣾УһһʽȻǷͬСɣ񽣾ɷҲǽȼѪħָҷٶȸ죬ʤ
ͼ΢ָһˮʽԳѰʿаٱٶӹһħѨȫ䴩
ֻƬ̣Ϊﵽħ޾ͱƲɸһ㣬Ѫ罦ͬû˹ͷһˤԨȼѪħָˮʽǶӵ֮Ҳ˵ôɱĸ֣ҲӲ
գ֮䣬΢ɱˣǸѾûɳٲ⣬ΪԼߣȴ֪΢ԣ֮شȥ
粨ħһãԷõԷƳ΢ٶȸ죬ħ޻ûüʩչ͸оһֱˤȥ
£ħֱ׹ݺݵһͻʯϣֱӱ̴ð˳
ħ޲ҽһȻܴأϾʿ˿ҪˣϣҪߡ
΢Ըڸղţ΢ѾǷųƵħꡣħǹħΪɷϲħշɳһͷײ΢ħ̧꣬ͷһħ޵һŵɢʵ΢Ƶħֲ̫ǻѪ߰ߣֱ泤ͷɢ·һ֩룬ԳļһﶼµҪ͸˵ˡ
ħ޵ŵĲҽһûüӦͱħץ˸ţȻݵĴ׽
ˣ
Ȼǽһħ޵ˡ
ħޣȫ𣬲֮䣬΢˿̲ЩͷĿѣȴΪոʩչȼѪħָĺ֢
սȷ̶̼Ϣ֮䣬΢ɱһǰǲ飬ڣ΢ˡ
ħ뵽һδػôף٣΢֪Ѿ˺Ͷħаʵ
Ԩвٳ˵ħħ޵ʬòŴûһ͵ñħԸ⡣
΢ͽһطָʵƳħһԻģֲħ꣬΢뵽˹Գ
ǼһûеȵңӦûԼ뿪ɣ΢ʱ̾˿ħܵħɽׯ΢ŹԳȥѪѪˮȫȡߣȻöԷȥȥһħ޷еԼ
ºȥ͹Գϣ΢Լû뵽֮ȫļƻѹûлᡣ
΢֪ԳʵҶԷ߻һħɽׯׯׯһΪﵽԾŮħޣʵټϹԳֻҪ͵һЩһЩ֣ǿ϶⡣
΢ȻȥҹԳֻܽȷ¡ǸǧŮڶħʱһʱ˸Ӱ٣Ҫ˵Ů˾ԿԣӣıȹԳǻء
˼һ΢רĻָ
΢ﻹһЩľѪʱð˻Ѫ񹦽һһ֮֮ǰȼѪҺҲ˰˳ɣӦްˡ
ʱ΢۾˼Ķ
ħħţ˵Ӵ󣬾ħ񾳽ħޣҲ֮࣬΢֮ǰͿ߰˸ࡣʵշȾͲ̫ࡣ
һȥ϶ûк£ȹ۲۲˵ԨȻ౦ءУôԼҲȥᣬȥȥֻҪʵȥ˭˭
뵽΢Ѿ˾ϣǷ𣬳Ԩжȥ
ʱ֮ԨĳɽȣһŴݰ٣ǧ䡣
棬ϥһݵߡ
ۣһϸƤͷƤŹǼܣȥˣһ˫۾ݡ
˿ǰĸţԶĵطվʮħޣһԾԾԡ
Щħ޵У΢ȻС
ȻħĴ磬ħݣ΢Բܱ¶
ʱǰǸݵߵħǰԨħħµҵң˵Եǰĸţһʱ䣬˭ұӦĸˣһŽħ
˵꣬ħֻ΢΢˦֣Աһ̳оͲһ㡣
ʼɡ
ħ˵꣬̾вħ޳ȥ
һ֮ǰ΢ҵôһطʱѾħΧ΢ǰһ֪ô¡


İٶʮ ֮ǽ
ͬǿħ˵Ѿ꣬˵Ϊɲ⡣ʵҲˣۿȥԿħͷһ֮ɢħʣһԽͨħĸ֡
˵ͬɽˣЩţһӦ൱Ҫ΢ǿһЩ
ôһħּȻ˻Ȼм١΢Ҳǰզ࣬ħ൱Ȼⰵյĵطһ꣬ʵǲ˼顣
ָֽǵȷһǧѷĻᡣ
ֻᣬ΢ȻֳħޣжʮˣֻĸɵӶ֪ɮ٣ô죿ֻ
ֻ˺ܿ췢һȤ飬ΪڿħŻ֮̾мħްͲסȥֻû뵽һΧɷΧ֮ڣǸоһɾ޴ӿǼ⧲ħֱ˻
ǽԣ֮ǽħżȻ֮ǽǾֻдﵽ磬ʿʸμӾû磬ǿˣǸûлᡣһħǼʶ㣬ǿ˶ߣ˵һһЩûиʲôħޣҲԴĻ⡣
˵֮ⷨħ޵һǰ߹ȥڶʮħĸպĸħ϶¶ջ;֮ɫ
ʣôһȺ˵УϣȻĸﵽħޡ
ȻҲлᣬܾȥ
ôһᣬԣǾһᶼûˡԶʮħûһģԡ
֮ǽ̽ǵд棬Щħεķǰʮ岻ȥһ
΢һֱûⲢ΢ȥ˽֮Żᶯ֡
ϸƬ̣΢ˡ
һֲԣҴ֮ǽʵֻǵһ
֮⣬֮ǽǿᣬһʿȥһȡʤͬոǸħޣȻħȫ֮⣬ǰ˼֮ͷԽǰԽǾٲά衣
ָоǰп籩꣬ףˣһ֮ǿҲǴħ޵Ԥ֮⣬ͷ·൱УϻǧĶһ
ĸֶˣͲ˵ˣﵽħޣٻ̤֮أǰһʱ䣬Щûе磬ûħޣȴһȥǽͷöҲ޼¡
΢ҲȻ
Ǿ仰ȻлᣬΪʲôһ¡΢ҲˣȣܿߵɾĽޣ֮ǰвħޱ΢˿ͣƬֱ̣˹ȥ
һ̣΢Ȼһεһ֮ǿֱ΢һ̤Ȼǲһ㱻˻
òײס΢ֲøղô˶ȷ鷳Ҫƽ⣬ȻҲֻ
΢ǷųγһԼȫסȻǰ߳ȥߵĻ˳֮Ǹųӿ΢ۿȥͿǿħڿУϵɢһɹǿ赲ǿ
ֻܻ⣬ûħޣȻǱ֮⣬粽ѽɾħޣҲΪǿͬľٶҲͬ˵ΪԽߣԽ
΢ɨһۣʮħ޵Уϵģһ룬ĸ˿ǰ棬Ȼÿһоʮֻĸħ޵ĲΪȹ̼ᶨٿħޣһɫŬǰеѾͷ󺹣ֽŲֻǿ֧š
֣ҿĸţҲֻĸԲˣЩֱ߹ĪΪᵽһλʱĸʿеһ˵ŨŨм͵⡣
ȪԼǣǼȻԸԣܲܲᣬһǾ֪ôˡķħ޹һЦֵޱȡ
ĸħ޵Уλֻڵģ˿̣ǰħѾǲŲһ֮ңǰħ޶ɫᣬ˵
ҲдС֮𣬺ʣǰħѾǷ󾳣ħҲֻһ֮ңȻǲм˵Ǻˣ˿̲ϳڿħޣԴȡ֡
ڶħȻŭޱȣʱҲ˵ʲô
ʱǰһħѾ˵һǰվȻϥ


İٶʮ λ
ʣħ޵ΪߣԿԵһռһš
ĸѾռһʣµħҲٶȣ֮ǽ谭֮£ÿһǼޱȡ
΢˿ǰһΧ޴ѹ·һȺ㣬㣬㿿˵ȥֻʱסš
˵΢޵֮Ͼûжʱ䣬ʱֻǾǰ
ֹƬ̣ڶҲһħ޸ռݣħΪڵһǷ󾳣ֻһͿԲħ
ĸŴ˿̱ռֻʣȻʣµħнһʼڿħ޵Сħޣ˿Ҳǲٶ˵Ƿǰ
˶Ǻѣһ⽭һȪΪ൱Ϊ˼Ϊ߰˿Ѿǽʣµŵǵ֮
ôҲ޿ɺǣϾˣĸħֻ֮ᣬЩﲻħʲôʸ
һ
ۿԽԽе⣬Ȼʱ˭Ҳܽǰߡ
ɾʱǾòܷ飬ˡ
һ˴һһһ߹Ȼ󳬹ˣṣ̌⽭ȪҲˣֻôȫǰĲӶǻޱȣǸħޣƺҲܼѣٶȴǱҪһ㡣
ʱ򣬿һ㣬ͿԾˡ
⽭Ȫ˴˿̷ŭĿţǸŹߣźɫħ޳Ȼߵǰ̹Ȼ¡
⽭Ȫŭ˭ҲŭǱԼĶ˿ȴűߣַŭ֪
ŭ֮֮ľɱ⡣
֣Īǿħ˵ˣһʱ䣬û˵ᣬһǹȥСɱˣŻǵġȪɫһ˵
Ǳ߷⽭һҲͨһ㣬ͬЦ˵Ȫ֣ҪɱˡˣСӴŹߣǸħշԼǶħһģ˵ħѾҪһնɱȻһɱħء
˵ħԼǾ͹ֲˡȪ˵꣬Ѿȡһͬצıǰ
Ǿ΢ֻ
ʱһʱ䣬֮һ
ڣȪȷ⽭һߵ΢󣬶˵ֱӾĽצ΢Ժݺҹȥ
ǽצлӿžĵ绡֮ȻһķⷨӺҵҲˡ
ħԼȪһЦоԷԶ㲻Լ⡮׽ħ֡һ˲õħҲĳµҲϰˣħޣҲɱֹһԾһɱ
Σʱ̣΢ϣͷأѾְγǽһնͬʱħһض
ɲ֮䣬йǽһ裬Яһɽ֮ɨһѵؽâ
΢ʩչһнʮħƽ΢ڼȻħ׽Ȼգ΢׽Ļڱˣ˵⽣ڱƵĽξٺɽģξٺɽ˭
ɳ֮һǷ켫ĽֻЦ֮£˲õĽ
ʮպһоǿʩչҲûͷĽУɽ⽣мΪͣӦ͵ϮǰԲˬȪ͵Ϯ΢΢˶ʮеһС
ǰ΢Ϊûôߵʱ򣬾ʩչ⽣УҲֻܽԷˣڣ΢ΪȻʩչҲˮǴߣһɨȥǽȪıɳȥһҽУȪһҲǱ΢һɽâķ顣
Χħ޴һֲѣ΢ԼҲΪԾǰû뵽ʮͣϸһ룬⽣ȻξٺɽȻô򵥣˵ⱳɽȫͬѰУԽնɱˣǴֿĽâִͬıӳȥȻ˾ɱ仯Ƕ˴޷ĺغ͡
ȪҲѹû뵽ֽڼУһͱֱۡ
Ƿħޣжϱ۽ķţڣҲûʱͻᡣһۣս𣬶΢ȻŹʹˮĻᡣ
ѾˣȻˣնɱħ޵磿
ʴħǾԼԼ鷳
΢һйǽ仯ʽһСЫβһ̳


İٶʮ һҧ
ЫβɱУֻΪɱ˶ĽУͬЫβһ
ǰ΢ʩչһޣǴ˿̣һ̳ͬЫβһ㣬磬ǻûһ޴ЫӰ׺ơ
ȪӦͱ޴ЫӰ壬һ̴
Ȼǣ⻯ΣŲðѪĺȪԲ飬һš
½޲нĿָհôһ֮£Ҳԩ
һ̣Ȫһᣬر
΢һн⻯εȷǽڶħ޸סˣȪһǱ߷⽭仯£ʱ΢ŤͷȥŹ߿Է
⽭˿̣Ȼǲ΢ӣȻͷŭҪ˵ΪȪҪ⽭֮ϡȪħĽ£ܵУȻΪȶԷߣ治ٺħԵС
ʲô˵Ȫ
ʲôЦܴùˣǲǱ𣬴򲻹Ӳħ޽ֵܣ췴ĿΪ̫ˣΪһ˴ԼԷ⽭ܸɴ࣬΢Ŀ⣬ͷ·͵ŵȪʶһ
΢Ҳ⽭ˣȻҲҶԷ鷳һʩչʮ΢ҲвµĸһнʽȻǴ⻯εżҲãȻǲ˷ʱ䣬ϥá
ĸţѾֻʣһ
Χħޣʮ
оģǷ⽭󣬴˿ȻǷߺޱȣֻסȽôõռݵĸţȵΪһԸħΪȪ𣬶ΪħȻ÷⽭зߺ޵Ҫԭ
ȻȻǷĸ֣δؿԳɹռݵĸš
Ż֮ңʱ򣬺ͻȻ߹һħޣħ޿Ҳֻ󾳣˿ٶȴҪȷ⽭࣬Ȼǳ˷⽭Ȼһƨ˵ĸϡ
㣡⽭ǸŭǸޣǴĶļһǷ磬ΪοԳԼ
Ͳϵ
ͼħһƤͷǣȻĳħ˽ӽħ̬
ħħв٣ҲΪħƵħв٣֮еҪ̳⣬еҪʳѪϲһЩħ͹Ƴģö֮ǵҲᷢ仯ͬħһ㡣
λԾ֮һ
Ȼֻ磬ʣ΢һǿԽɱеĴڡ
⽭ʱҲ˹ɫɨһŵĸˣʣͷǲǵģ˼Ƿ󾳽ħޣҶǳѾõĸ֣ȥ˼ҵţ
ǸħҲǰȻ⽭󽫶Է޵ոȪôģۿģħȻֻ磬ɱ֣һ㣬ȥ鷳ǾȪ·
ֻҪɵͲȥ
ȻĿ˵ĸϵħޣħ޴ˡĸžӦ⽭ģͻȻԼᵶߣܴˣʲôôˣ⽭Ժħ㣿
ڶԷʵӦòδǿԼ뵽⽭⣬˵ֱӳŵĸħ޵Ҳ˭̹򡭡
˵ģֲħѾͻȻץ˹ȥ
ħ֣ħһץٶȼ죬ָ絶ƺԽΧһƬץסһһɹۿɼָۣ⽭ڣߴһʩչֶεֵ
գ֮䣬˾ͼһȻԷֳʤȻǸռݵĸŵħ޺ܲ򵥣粻Է£ȻǿԺһСĸִֵزʵǲ˼飬ңռϷľȻ
һ⽭ϴŵĻ׾ȻǱħһצץƣȻħ޵צ൱˵ãһצ֮Խһץ⽭󼴱лף˿ؿǱץѪ
⽭Щֵס˿̼״ŵĸεѣҪģȴħͻȻʩչһоħ˲αգ֮䣬ͱһɶߵľ޺ȻҲӦ˿޴һץͽ⽭ץС
⽭ҽһûü˵ͿһѪڳ֣һ̣뵽һƬڰС
ħ޾Ȼſ죬һڽ⽭Դҧ飬ɱħޡ
ѪһĻ˿һЩħ޶Щθ΢ǰԳ⣬ѾϰΪΪȻ
ħ޺ٺһЦȻα󽫷⽭ʬһϡ


İٶʮ ħ
ʱħһ㻹ûȼĸѾħ޼ʶղŵѪȣҲǰᡣ
Ҳɱ˿ռĸŵûһƲ磬ǿԽСɱĸ֡
ǵ˻ûдﵽ
ħ֮ǰɱΪѹûɱʲô⣬Ϊ˻ȡôྺɱǺ顣
ȵһȼ֮󣬿ħ۾ǰŵĸˣ˵ͷȻ˶뿪ɡ
һ仰ǸߣЩħȻЩģһԸ뿪ǲҺΡ
ȴ֪ǿħƬ̣ȴһͷһ˦䣬ͼһɿƽ׶𣬹ŹֵǷۿɼһħ񽫵ӣٳȥЩԸ뿪ħһɨ˳ȥͼʮħһγɵδߣֻգ֮ͷɳɽȣƬ֮ΧѾһ˶ûС
ŵĸ˶Ŀɿڴ󾳵ħ޸֣ħֶΣǱ˵û˵磬ҪôǷų磬ˣҪôǻУնɱˣֶθ֮ˣʩչסˡ
ֱֽεĶεӣǵȷͷһμ
Ҫ֪ԽεĶԽѼԦħȷеС
Ȼ˶ڽħҪڸǵĹ൱ڴͼħһݣȴǴЦݣѯʵҿħӦˣ꣬ÿʮ꿪ʱĸԵħֻѾյħǵħһ磬˭˵Ҫʲôħ
ħ˼ܼ򵥣ǾֻὫѾյħһ磬ֻ˵ǽĳħļֱӸ߶ԷöԷȥᣬֱѧϰħĲ
ͬһħ粻ͬԲͬⲻͬͬͬʱȻҲͬʱ϶һǿһһЩ֣ǿԾһħĽŻγһµħ
ʣħָ֡
Ǹһռŵķħ޴˿Ҷٹ⣬ſǰʦǴγҲԨܹǰָ㡣
ħ˵ͷҼǵãʮǰһСħޣ벻ȻҲеˣܲ
ҶٹȻܸˣȻʦңǰħ񾳸֣Ѿħ֮ʦǰָ㣬˴ľѧǲ壬νҪǰָ㣬˵ǰֻҪԼָ㣬һò
΢£ⷨħ޸ղſȥ飬ƺϲ˵û뵽ȴһ²˵ħ˵ƨĵǽһ
˵ΪҲһ֮ɫ˵Է˵ĴľѧǸʲô
УħǺ
к棬΢ڵ˶ǲ
ħһһЦ㵹ǻ飬ˣҲǵĻԵȻ˵Щұ㽲Ǵ඼֪⡣
΢˵ȷ֪Ҷٹƺ֪һħҪڽȴЩˬȻǲֻҲֹħ
֪޵ʲôֹ̺ǿЩĪǾֻǵڣһһĸ壿ħʱ򷴵һõˣ¸˽
˵ħħϣȷǵõһĴڡ
ѵǣڶ󾳵ħʱʵʳ΢ʵġ
ǺǣҲǣ㣬һôɰǧһ𣬽ʲôħʡ
ְĸħµȻ̫ɡ
΢Ѿе˼ͷһ㶣ⰡħǰĪҲһޣ
ϸ˿ܡ
Ƿ޷֧ȴһɣ޸һԣϰڴСµзһЩ͵ÿһǶ߻ġ
ħһħԣһЦ˵Ķԣôұʣǿ֪ħħħ֣ħʲôϵ
ҡͷ⼸ħħħ֪ǵ˾ͻᣬȴǲʲôϵ
ħһЦһѳֿ֣磬ꡢޣ׵磬꣬ף׻磬һΪѭɵ涼˵һˣ಻⡣ˣֻ˵ô࣬ܲ׾Լˣ߰ɡ
˵ħȻǴͿͣ΢˾ȵͬʱҲǸҶٹĿɿڴ


İٶʮ ѧ
ǰǰûнҡҶٹ⻹û˵꣬ħңұ㣬⻰ҵҲʦ˵νһԵˣҲעԼҪģˣһԼֵֹ𣬱֪㣬߰ɡ
˵꣬ħ˦һӣһɹɿγɵľħ˹ϵĸ˶ǿͳɽȡ
֮ɽһ̤롣
ȵħ΢ɨȥ֮ݵ¶Ц骵ߣѧͼ⹦ôױ򣬴ľѧ壬ҲֻƷѧ壬ֵһᡣҿħݺ£εȵңڣ˿ȴǱԬİ꣬ҽǰ¿ħұ£ԬģҺΣѾٶûгˣˣͻƣӡ⿪ʱ˭Ҳסҡ
˵꣬ɽȵдħЦ
ɽ֮⣬Ȼ˿ҶٹЩŭֻҲûӣҪƨܴܲǿħŪһЩ͵ʴףԷһʮǰ˵ĻʹԼ
ˣ˵ҲûãҶٹһҲˣǷ𣬿ٶߡ
һ󾳵ħҲûдкֱӾߡ
ֻʣ΢Ǹģªħޡ
˻࿴һۣħħ֣㲻ղɱˣҿˣǻӣЩ°ֲġ
΢һ֪ԷҪԼǧǵ¶æϵ̨֪մ
ħȻģª˿ȴʮֱֱӵʲǫ̂ҽ֮ξͺãǱ̫秣궼û˽ˣҪôΣҪôҳΣһ
΢һЦ˺͹Գͦǲ˽ĳˣ϶öԷһħͷ϶ײޱȡʵϣ˳֮⣬ҲôײУЩ˶ܽ
ˣҶ٣ղǿħ˵ģʲô˼֮ʵһ̵ı顣
ǿħĻ΢Ȼˣе˼΢Ҳװ
µ˴˵ĵطǻط
˵Ҳԣ֪һطΣ֮ǰ·ȥǱߣ֪֮һЩô˵ȷȫ
£΢֮һ·ԾһЩɽȻһٲı֮أƹٲȻһˮ΢ǰ
ˮʮǲע⣬ֲ棬ȷ൱ΣҲ֪֮ôҵġ
԰ȫħȻ˳֮Ϊ϶Ƕʶ֮ˣ˵Ҫ飬ûԿɲУ˵Բܸܲңղſħ˵ľʲô˼֮Ȼţȴһϴ֣˵ҲֱʲôʲôҲĨǡ
ֻʱ˹ͶԹĸʵȴǴɣ㣬ʲô֮ܲܽ̽һðʧ
ʣ΢Ȼ˵֮ȷǺԳ΢ݼ֮£Ҳ֮кøУԣûв˽˵ɣֻ߶ֹ͵ڻͨ¯ĵزȻԸֻ߶ֹ͵֮Ĺϵʱͻ֣ᷢһЩһͻлಹЧЧʱ򣬾ͻֵиһʶȻʩչҲԲǱܱġ
΢ô˵Ѿ൱ֱˣ֮ˣ˵ͷƶǶ룬ƺͻȻðʲôУˣҵԣ
˵꣬ȻҲ΢ֱϥ£ʼ
΢һӱȹԳΪˣ˲Żʵôǿᣬɱһķʿ
ʵϣħһ仰΢ȷкܴǰһЩ̫׵飬˿ȴһͨ
ǣҲһطϥãʼĿ
΢׿ħ˵ʲô˼ˣǾǲͬĹһ𣬿ܻµĶ
һֻӵʮǾ֣ٶ࣬ɭ֡
ⱾȻһȴмͬ
͵Ҳһֵ϶Ϊһһһڶô򵥵ı仯
΢ĸ䣬֮Կڵʱ쳹̸֮ɫ䣬˭֪΢ĸʿʩչĶҪ΢ʱɵĸ֮⣬ĸ䣬ɳ䡣
Щ΢ڻ֮ͨȡ̣΢汾ġ䡯˵Ѿǵѧ塯ˡ
΢Ҫˣʱ˶ãһѺ֡


İٶʮ 
΢ġ壬ֻǾѧһ㲻á塯ﲻ⡯ľ硣΢֮ǰġɳ͡סҲǾѧһࡣտħһȴǸ΢һš
ħΪ˶ν塯İⲻ֪һϣ΢Ҫ˦üֵġˮУ΢ûż壬ǿĿǰҪʲôʣ΢ҪǾԵĹ֮
ǧɷ֡ء࣬У͹ţë΢յҲв٣С䡢׷ʽ˵ɱ֮棬ΨʽΪѵ
΢Ȼû뽣Ľȴһ㲻ӴԪĻŵɷ񽣾ξٺɽġʮ΢ѧǶ
˭΢ϰ
ǴԪӡξٺɽȾ֣ҵ΢Ϊ˰ݺħݣͻʮλɸһָ㡣
Ȼ΢ĽȻҲûô¹ľȴǸߵףټ΢Լѣ˹ǽһЩ͹΢ԼԲһס塯٣ҲӦǾѧ硣
Ϊ
ΪѵϡͳΪڸ̨Ϊֻڽ̬֮³ˣͨ｣⣬޴ȴɳľΪָΪΪ޽н
ͬ񽣣ˮӯأʱʱ裬ʱᴥƣʱȴɶʯ
Ӧһ䣬ӰԽ־ɱְԽˡ
΢뵽ֲ±ǧȴֻнܳɵȴгɵ֮⡣
ԼյļŽȫһ飬΢ȴЩɥҪ򽣷壬˿ȻЩѿž
ĪΪûԵʣ
΢֪˽統кܶרŵĽɵнϽʹããޡ
ԼĿǰΪֹҲûκνֻѡ
˵뽣Եˣ΢𽣵ʵǽǡ桯ٲ;Ϊ°Ȼѡ񣬾Ҫһ˼뽣̽̽жģ򣬾֤
⻰ξٺɽ˵ġ
ξٺɽԽˣĻȻû΢Բ򽣵Ҳоֹ°ԼҲ뽣֤ɣ;Ҫ֤ˡ
Ϊˣ΢ֻ޽֤ҪǷҪȥ̽
΢Сûͷ
΢ʱͻȻͷһ˶ٲ죬ܴˮӸߴ£任̬֮Գʱ佫ʯһӶȵ䵽ˮ̶ֻƽ
΢ͻȻ
ȷǸҪ棬ǽǱ˵Ľ΢ΪβԼĽ
£ԼĽ޷֤ɣҲԼġԼĽͬٲˮһ㣬ɼ٣羪ףɾۿɢӲʯɾ̶νᲢã棬ң˳Ȼ
뵽΢ͷͨȴһץһˮͷ˹΢֮ϱ任̬һ΢ָһǰһƣһˮ˲ʱӲޱȣ⣬ǰһһ˸ߵľʯп
޴Щˮпʯֱ֮һڶϣڿл۳һӰ
Ӱòƺ΢мƣȴһۣΪƮݣȻû彣ƫƫ˸оһĽ⡣
һ̣Ӱʧ٣΢ȴѾγǽսǸоһѪ
ͷ·𣬽һ֡
ȥ
΢гһͼһѹǽǻһ⣬ٲˮֱӷɳףȻնһ
ֻǽҪһΪʱ΢ָһǽͣסǴ˿𣬿ɾһ̣ǽ֮ˮˮ̶Լ;ʯ֣Ǳһۣˮ̶һΪ죬ͬпһ㡣
һǽ˲䱻΢ǰ֮

΢εΪ⣬ǽȻǷƷҲ㲻ʲô˲õķ˿̾ȻǷ˽֮ͷ·ڻȸԾ
βӦѾѧ磬ǰˣǽ壡΢δջ⽣壬Ӧڽܴ֮߾ˣڲ֤ǰ£΢⽣壬ǵһ塣
΢Ϊ⽣ҲԽǿ
δջ΢ҲϾкܶҪŤͷ֮ʱ΢ŷ֣֮Ȼ˱仯ԭ֮׳ţڣȻݹ񣬵ϵȴǱǰǿ̫ࡣ


İٶʮ Ҷ
΢û뵽ǣ֮ȻҲħһ仰һ־ѧ
֮ħʵ֮ϣΣں˶ħ幦Ȼѧħ塯ʵо
ħζҽ˵Ҹôл㣿֮л΢ȴǿ֮׹΢Ц˵ء
֮ҲһЦǼȥޱȣû˵ôֱĿ΢
˽û˵ôӣ֮׹ԽԽʢ΢ǱֵĲ
ʱ⴫Ų
ղҿһâӴ˴ɳ˵ʲôر
ȥ˸ȡ
ܿܽħޣħʵ磬ɫ֮󣬿΢֮ˣһʱ
ʱ֮ͻȻһͬӰһһħ޽˵
һҽдħ޻ûӦô£ͱ֮һҧ˲ӡ
һħ޴һӦҲ죬ʩչħ֮ͼһźɫɳֱۣ֮ȻӲĿħ޴һɫ档
㣬㣡ħ޹Ҳû͵ˣҪ֪ԽͬħոѪⲻ棬ɴ˿ֻ̣ڶԷֱһƺ۶ѡ
Էжͣ
ȽҲҪǿ̫࣬ħ֪У̾ߣʱ֮һצһ񺿣һצӰɳħؿڱѣ˱צֱӹᴩؿڿ˸󶴣ѪȥԶڵһ̯ˮҲȾʺ졣
ͨһħ޶ǵرǶħޣ˿ɳҪӴܣͼ֮ͻȻһ绢ХĶұڱѣٲҲǱһıƬ̡
һħ΢ΪоԴЩۣ֪֮һжǿ
һ£ħ޵ֱӱ֧飬ڻ㱵У֮ǰһһ̳ȥ
֮ħ̳Ѫ⣬ȻҲԣȷޱȡ
̳Ѫ⣬֮֮Ͻӿޱȣһʼ·ܿ͹ƽ
ȻǶöˣ֮ɭɭЦݣ΢΢ǵħǿ׶̫һղѪ⣬ܶԼΪ֮ɡ
˵꣬ת뿪
ո΢Ȼó֮жԼֵĴ㣬Ϊʲôûж֣ӦͻȻ룬öԷתĿꡣ
֮Ըֱӣ㣬϶¶ҲΪˣ΢ٺʹһ𣬵Ȼ֮ûж֣ʵǸԼһ˵壬֮ǰûʱ΢Ҫɱ֮ҲѲʲô¡
ʱ֮һ֣΢ɱ֮ǵͬΪı߸·ˡ
΢֪뿪֮֮ȻҲ˿૵ħոǶˣһͷһγ֣һôɣѾ˰ɣ
Ȼ֪֮ħһΪ֮ǰ¶ĳ˵⣬ԼȥҲ˼ֻʱ¡
Ԩܴޱȣ˿ĳصĸˡ
ϸͿԿĸ˺Ȼշ壬ħֺкϻ
˿շΪǱȴΪ֮ǰħǼħֶ˿ΪǲҲȫˡ
ħǼһһ飬ҲǸͷһȻշǵ˴˴
Żħ̫ҵȼȻħ£ܾôˣħ򶼻ΪħܡϻŮȻҲǳ˴֮ǰǱħһħ񾳸ץסŪһҲֶΣöԷʱʩչħߣȻѾˡ
ϻзߺޱȡ
շɨϻһۣ΢΢һЦȻôˣģħȻֻعȴһΪҪҪˣħҲǿġ
Ŷϻ¶ɣȻ⻰ôţŻӦô
շָǰһںɽ˴Ԩ׵ѾõϢżħǿᣬõ֮Ƿ磬Ҳɱħһҵʱٸõħ񾳽磬ʱҪħţкѣ
һ⻰ϻ¶̰֮ɫɱħħȻҪ
ֺҲһ飬ħ˵ʵǵһλġ


İʮ ʮħ
ǵУҲֻжħûʲô飬ƺ˼ʱϻˣ߹ħΪǸħģ벻ôãʲô֮ðɣ
ħЦһϻϲЦ˵ûе飬ħ֪٣Ϊڽӣҵȷĸ£ˣҵȻÿϧ
δػħΪô죬˵ԼߣһԼߵˣȻǴλôңˣҲֻһ°ˣħȥ֮ħ֮ڵ֣Ծѡշ˿һֱڹ۲ˣдĪЦݣصļãѹ͸뷨
ǰΰο࣬ѣδǻ¡ֺʱҲЦе˵ָ
ˣշһӣǵħݲۣȥȡЩħʱзݣħҪ̸λ
˵ʾ˽룬ħһһڲ֪ǰ£ôóȻ룬շҲ˳һЦԼȽ룬ʱϻ˲ŸŽȥ
֮󣬹Ȼʯ̨ÿһʯ̨϶ڷһħ˿ħħ죬һͲǷƷ
ħϻ۾һ߼ֺҲһֻжħз۾ʮͣ½Ų
ʱϻֺƺһ㣬ѾǸһʯ̨ȥȡħ
շע⵽ħûȴǳħһħΪβȡ
ʱħͻȻʲôթСģ
Ȼһ̨ϣϻֺѾǽħУ˲䣬ͻ
ħͻȻӿɺ̣żΪֲϢ˲͸Խϻֺû
һʱ䣬źйЦȫԽħ񾳽Ϣӿ̺ͬˮһ㣬ɽС
ħһԣߣշȻϵܣһסȥ·շ˿ҲһЦħʱҲˡ
ħ¿˿ʯ̨ϴ˿ѾϻֺеĲҽ˶Ƿ󾳵ħޣ꣬Ϊȹ̣һ˿̣ȻжǷֲҽУ֪˶ôֲ顣
Żһʼûİħ˵һĽ䱸
շһЦǣһʼΪҪ֪ħȻ󣬵ܷϹħȴǲ࣬ǡãͺܺʡ
һħ񣬶ħͫһٿʯ̨Ѿ¶˾֮ɫ
ԭˣշ壬ú޵ģħϹʮħɣ㾹ȻǸ֪֪ʲôħͬʱһһԱŲȥ
ħҲǹªţֻܲϧͶħһһ⣬ԣֻħʶ̧٣Ϊܴߣˣ㻹ħ񡣡շһ˵һôվڶڣͷ·赲һħȻʵƾΪҪӳȥڳ˵Ρ
ħȻһ㣬ʯ̨ϵĲҽȥ֪ʱ䲻࣬ȡһͼչ
ͼϻһ𣬿ںƽƣͼ֣ǵһɺ嫽⡣ǿ·շ塣
ʱħſڵҼǻˣ˼ңƿħ
˵꣬ħȻǷ·ҡһ䣬һõһ㣬ҫһƴ
䣡
Ƴ죬շһĿɿڴ⧲֮±һƴУƺһɳȥǧ֮⣬ݺײڶһұϣ¡¡죬ұھȻһ롣
ħ䲻շ壬ȴǲκγɣ̷Ȼʩչħжݷ˸Ӱ١
ǰŸߣǱշͳѰңѿշ屻һƴУܴܴǱ˵ǸѪҺɼħͼʩչİħж
ֻշȻŭޱȣڶħѾ֮ززΪٸߣһʱҲѰֻǷصض
ʱʯ̨ϵĺѾᣬɢȥϻֺеӰ
ȻǵӣϢѾ֮ǰˣϻãֺеı仯̫ˡ
ǰֺУκʱһЦݣڣޱȣޱ顣֮⣬üĴǸԳһۣޱȵħ⣬һۣշħ񾳽ĸ֣Ҳǻ
շһæǰ
ħշ壬ݼλħˣ


İʮһ ī
ħ˿̶һ䣬Ŷðͼʹ࣬ħޣ֮ûеͷǵеĵȥһȻش֣Ҳ˰١
Σֻ¼ö˵ҩòŻ
շȻͼıΣȻǴ㸴Ϲʮħ񣬷ˣֱǷˣϹʮħһǿصĴڣҲԼܿأշħʲôħ૵
ħ벻ףҲͲȥ롣ԨĿģֻҪĿĴɣշ֮ǲΪ塣
뵽ħԨȥ
Ƭ֮ħͻȻʲô͵ĳһȥһ̣һ·ϣѾһ˳ֽΧǼħ޵ʬ塣
㻹ţħʱһȵʵǳֽ֮ˣǴŹߵ΢
΢Ҳû뵽ħ֮ǰˮĴҹ䣬˼ħħޣħҲħ׷ɱĿ꣬ȻǶ˵ֱӿ򡣱˵ڣǰ΢Ը⼸ħҲֵȻǽЩ˾ɱʱħˡ
ħ˵ƺԼͦ⣬ҲϾʱ׷ɱԼһǷŵħϣҪӦҲס
΢֪ħɣһ߹Ҳþһλ֮ħޣΪ֪Ϊ½ΧɱǼħŸ֣ˣǼˡ
˵꣬һݡ
΢Ļħϵɻżࡣ
ԭʳ˿ħ֮ħ߻ħƢŹ֣ҺʵȴǲޱȣˣźӶԡǰЩһħŵСϣħΧ˹ΪԭŰ㡣ħ˵΢һԭ֮ͦҶħ˵ԸҲȷˣ֮ȷϲŭ޳һʼԼΪ˺û뵽Է˾ѧ֮󣬾Ȼ㷭ˡ
Żأ΢ֻжħһˣǳʵǲ˻⡣
ħһһƬûлش𣬶ǵȻû£Ǳãߣȥһط
˵˵ͷǰ
΢ԣּħƺ£Ҳûжʣôں档
һ·ħԨеʱһЩ·࣬ħƺ֪ѡ񣬾ôһ·нȻ졣
ʱ䣬ħڸ·٣΢ȻҲûȤʱ΢Ϊһ壬ǺͶħ΢Ҳа˳ɰӮԷȻǵʮ㡣
΢Ҳշ˵Ϊ̫ܳ£ħǷֿҪôɢҪôǹԶ롣ڿħѹûѰշ˵˼Եڶֿ
ʵϺͶħշǱ߸ֵ΢ȥͶϾɳӵɹٻ൱ģҶԷȻʲôƻҲܼ֪̽
ڶħշļֵͲԶˡ
΢ǴŶħҪʲôʱһ޴ޱȵǰȻһƬīĺ档
ˣħɫԼ첽߹ȥѰң㿴ǰһߣһʯϹۺ
һۣƺʯͷ˰꣬ǧ꣬ѾǺΧΪһ塣
ħ˿¶ûйļ֮ɫǼΪĳ΢Բ׼һ
΢ͷżæǰȻֱӳǰ߹ڵأӶħãߵ̿
˵꣬΢Ŀɿڴ֮£ؿͷ
΢Ǹоޱȣħƽ۸ڶշħ񾳽ֵʱ򣬶ֻԵĹѣǶߣȴǹЩͷˡ
ĪǶħʦ
ҲԣħǳƺΪ̿ġ
̿գ̿գ΢㶣оֶ죬Ķһ
ǰ棬ħʱ߲ŵϴˣҲǱ̿ϷҲֻҪ̿Ҫѧϰ񷨣ΪʦֻǱֻ̿ܶīǰȣҪĸжֻ̿һ
΢ĺëˣûиͷˣշˣԽĴڡôһˣȻΪ˰ʦŵ
˶ã
΢뵽˿ħ˶ǳԽħ񾳽ĴڣӦͽԨȴǶû뿪
ħһҲ˸֪ԼݴˣȴǼæ룬һǰĪǰ׹ħ𣿡


İʮ ī;
׹ħ𣬳ǰħ֮һޡ׹ǻ湦ħ֮һһ֮ɱɽαɣһս
ֻ֮ͻȻ伣ʧȥټﵽ꣬˽ΪλħѾ䣬û뵽ȻԨīϵһ˵ĽӼ
΢ħĵ伮ħþкܶ࣬Ȼ֪ħֵ飬˵׹ħɳͨħ֮һԶԷԾС
벻ȥô꣬˼ǵϷ򣬶ܲǰ׹ħһЦһ˿԰һ˿Գ
׹ǰħ֣깦죬֪ܲħ˿ֵ̱ʮֹ׹ħǰħΪڶԷΪ϶ԽߣȻҪ
ṇ̀Ҳգ׹ħڰֵ֣ħīҲΪ̿
ħһæͷǣǰ
׹ħЦһһ֪Ҫ˭أҳ۹īֻ̿£˭֪ң֮ͽҴ򵽴˴ҲֻܵȵԸΪֹǶҲδԸ
ħһ˵ȴҧָջһѪߣȴ߻֮ͬһ㣬һ£ӣȻߡ
׹ħȻɫ䣬Ȼ⣬Ǳ̿ʦ㾹ȻãĪǣᵽĴ˵ӣ
ħֵʮ򶨣һĵ⣬ȻûгϣҲûзϡ
΢һ֪ħʩչѪʦַһԼҲᣬѪô
˿̰׹ħԼѣˣһǣ϶˵ҪȵˣããǶɹīǼ̿ɷΪ˵û
һӣ׹ħԶħ̬ҲǺ˺ܶ࣬Ͼˣħ΢΢һЦҲд㣬׹ħĸ֣뷨ӽΪãԼҲħгΪһ
ҶħͼһĴ㣬ҪʵĿģҪ޸֡ΪˣŻǰ;ħڣ׹ħֳɵħ񾳸֣ܽǴ¿ɳɡ
뵽ħһЦ£ħһǰ
ǱлˣͰǶɺ׹ħȻܼȣ˽꣬Ȼǲ˷ʱ䣬ȡһֻƴССīУ˿СͿʼ󣬲һͱɳȳһɵһֽ
ȷһֽȥܲʵ׹ħ㲻֪ī֮ϲɷУκľûֻֽܰȻɹ
ħңȻ֪īĴڣȴ֪īգû׹ħδ˳ɹī
һԾ𣬵ֽͷ΢һۣ΢ΪԷԼһϴʱ򣬶ħȴ͵һ
ǣ΢΢΢üҲûж˵ʲôħԲ¼ĺأҪȥ϶ǰһҪ飬ǱĸħŲֻԸһǰ
ߵʱ򣬶ħǸһ˷ҪȥѰһԵҰĵģֻҪңĹȻ㹻ĺô㡣
˵꣬ħҴҿʼ뿪һӰʧǰһƬīС
׹ħԶħ΢ӶˣʵһСħޣֱͬһֻϣҪ㣬ſŵһֻ
΢ûҲ׹ħֻǾôɵ΢ҲЩԸ⣬Ȼ֪Ƕħ϶кܶû˵
ͬīʲôԷļǵĻȥҪʲô
ʣ϶ĺôұȻǺʦйϵ
ȻǺʦйϵ΢ܲģոҲͻȻ׹ħı̿ĪǾԼһ̿շͼдġԬ̿ա
뵽΢ߵԶһʯ棬Ȼ͵͵ȡһԴ΢Ϊһһ΢ͺõˡͼͼһ꣬ͷڣֶһһѽɫȻżֻģªĹϻ֣ʦħīԳɡ֮дšԬ̿ա֡
ĪǣԬ̿գı̿΢пܣֻ˿ͣȻһħ񾳽ĸֵŰʦꡣ
ʱ΢ͻȻһ£ϵıȻǺīΪơ


İʮ ûô
ȼʹճһƬ棬ע׺ӣ֮ǰ΢ûע⣬ֻڸող쵱зһ㡣
ȻһƬֻüʹգȴǽīζȫչֳˣ΢Ҳһۿī
ǻʦֶΣȻ򵥣ÿһʶϡ
ʣһ΢пķ֣ͻȻ֮䣬ʲô˲õıһһͽıڵˣͻȻԼҵؽԭһӽשһ
顣
΢֮ǰ֪ԨбȻǲʲôܣħΪģ֮΢ע⵽ſŵħʦֶΣֻһڻԨҲֻһǸʱ΢ףħͼĶȻ˲ãҶȻǺʦйء
ΪԺʦճһ磬ֱ˼飬ȴġ
ȻܻħܻԨĻʦȻ΢ĸ֡
ڵī֮󣬿ħԻǰУ΢˵Ǽٵģ֣ⷢ΢Ȼ˷ޱȡ
˵ڣ΢Ѿоųɰտȷǰ׹ħԵı̿ǻԬ̿ա
⻭֮˻Ԭ̿գˣ֮ʱ⻭ʮа˾žī߻ġ
סеļ΢ͻȻӦйʦĴкͱôһȻǹؼ
֮⣬ħȻҲʲôؼȻͲѾĻ
µǶħͼʲô΢ˣҪͶħĶ
ǰ΢Ӳò˵ħֻħˡ
λͨı̿ʦһ磬϶ô򵥣Ŀģ⻭ħͰ׹ħһħ֣ʲôöҪãҲ¡
Զħǻ뺣ҲδܵóԸԼߣϸоо̿շͼлҳʲô
΢ϸͼֻ˻֮˱һСƬī֮⣬ûи΢Щżʱһǽͼ
ԶһħСĿ
ħҲǷ磬ڿһƬī֮ħ¶ϲ֮ɫȻ͵֮ǰĶħһʼѰҡ
΢Ƥһħô£
ȻԷ˰׹ħһ㶣󹧹߹ȥѯʣûħȥͷͰݡ
Ҳұ̿ģ׹ħƺѾǼֲ֣Ȼʵɶʦ֮
⣬̫ħ޿׹ħĲҪ׼Էݣ˵¡
׹ħһ֪ħз֮ģǲˣСӲʵȻϷǰˣĻʵ㣬ϷҪɱ㣬練ƣˣ㲻˵ҲʣÿԨҪ̿ûһܼҲһ߿ҪϷ򡣡
ħޱ׹ħ壬ŵĹһŤͷߡ
ûԶħޱƺʲôæԶһұȥȵұǰħСȡһӣʼͷȻǲȻȡһֻʡ
߶೤ħһץһīī֭մϣʼұϻ
΢ˣԷһš
ͻȻħޣȻīһұϻţһĻʵ˷˼΢ǴʱҲ²ԷҪʲô
ѵ㻭һȿԴ򿪵ţ
ǣǱ߻ͨʲôط
΢ԶۿħޡԷļΪ棬ԿйףȻ΢ҲԷϸ۲һ
ţΧģӣΪħ޻˵ãԶȥһ޶
ħ޻֮Ƭ̣¶ɥͽ֮ɫǲ»
΢ôһһĶţͼħ޲䷳Ļʮ飬һΣǻһ㣬һ̣һɰ뵽ұǻϡ
ȻԷһ˱ī顣
ԭˣ˻ţΪ˱ī飬Īǣ⻭ʯĿԴ򿪣΢ʱı˼㡣
ͼһɹǻʯӿ֣һ̣΢ĿɿڴһĻˣɢȥұϣȻĳһʯš
ǲǻǻʵʯţʵغͰ͹УѾǻˡ
ħʮָˣһƣȻǽʯƿȻ̤룬ʧ١
ȵʯ֮ұϵʯһ⣬ʧͷ·ûйκζһ
΢ԱһĻסˡ
ô£
Ƭ̣ұûж΢ǷԾȥұǰϸ鿴


İʮ Źֵ
˿ұĻ֮ǰŵӰӣȥûκ״ȥҲǹ⻬ұڣãʵĵģܴڰ֮Ķո΢ոһ˾Žȥ˭š
΢ϸ룬˶Ȼʦ㹻ŵĻ
ʲôţͨδ
˵ŵĻ΢ոһԿӶԷʮ飬΢ʦ˵ѾǼԺУŵĴСϸںġҪǣ΢޵Ҳʦī˵練ơ
ҪҪԿ΢ðôһͷͷʮĶ
Ȼ΢֪žͨʲôط߻ʲôΣգô֪ǲһĻԵ
£漰ʦ漰Ԭ̿⴫һ΢ô޶ԣ˵ΣգǵɽҲԸ
һ΢˾ϡ
ҼʦͲܰ;ϣлʦȻҪȫԸ΢˾ϣٲԥȡһ֧ʣȻѧŸոħ޵ķȡī֮ˮԴ
Ȼī֮ˮ϶ж֮
΢ĻһѾʦǾ缫ߣǱĿ룬ҪĶг֣ÿһϸڶ©Ƭ֮۾ʻ˺͸ոħһ޶š
һǳɣ
ī飡
֮΢ţΪ֮ǰħ޻ʮβųɹһҪһŻб仯ôԼΣҪβܳɹ
Ƭ֮һȻ㼯ո΢Ƶͼ˿ð͸ոħһ⣬ɢȥһʯš
ˣ
΢ԼǴһΪԼûüβܳɹ˭룬һξͱī飬Żɡ
˵ĸߵͣ˵⾳磬΢ĻҪǸħޣҸ˲ֹһ
ǰʯţ΢֪ؼʱˣ֪Žȥ֮ʯžͻʧԶ˵һԵѡ
ŵһ߾ǻΣգֻǽȥ֪֮ˡ
Ѿ΢һûκԥŶ롣
һ׹⣬ΧǻһƬʲôܲȵ΢оԼ̤ʵأ˫ۿʱ򣬲ŷԼڵĵطһУûݶͷǺǿգ֮˳ԣ΢ûʱѵһ澰ΪУֻһˡ
ټĵط˿ˣԼǾ߸ˡ
Щ˵У΢Ȼ˶ħ
ߴ˿ҲһĶԼȻ벻ħڴ˴
ݾ֮󣬶ħ䣬ûѯʣֻһ˫ɫͫѾŭɱȻ֪طɲʲô˶Խģֻʦٴﵽī龳֮󣬲ܽ
ħֻܽ˵ԷҲʦ
ȻԶħԸ񣬴˿Ѿ϶ħ֮ǰƭǽħһĻǵıҡħֱӳֽƭħɱֻȻЩ⣬ǳŻʱȻ̳֣ǶħѾ⣬ֻҪлᣬͽħɱԾ󻼡
˵ʵ΢Ҳû뵽ħתһ룬֪Է϶ڽī֮ŵ˴
Էʲô࣬΢֪Ȼˣ΢˵ʲô
ͣ
ûбҪħԶɣͺͲû𡣷ԼˣҲòźͶԷʲôҸոնħһĨɱ΢֪ħǶԼɱġ
ԣҲûбҪװˣ漰ʦ۶Է˭Ҫһ
˶ħ΢ոսǸħޣ֮⣬ĸˡĸ˵һĹͷСۣͷСд˿ڵ˫ֺʮ˫۽ǰһ̣۾գһ¡
СòϵķȴǼΪ񣬾ȻǱ΢ǸԲԴжҪǿᣬӦãѾǷˣͬ˵Ĵڡ
ŹֵǣСԱվһһµŮӣŮӷɫΪ𪣬ͷ·ûѪɫƫƫļΪƯ˫͸һ˿޵Ϲ⣬ȻͫŮϣ΢оһΣգŮӵΣճ̶ȣǸʤСС
Ůڹ壬ͬ˵ǺСһͷڣ뷢԰׵ϵϵŻȻһλ˾֡
ϵվһС裬ģɣһľŮͯͬǶ̣һԡĸƺѹˣΪһΪԺˣħ΢һħޣû˵¾ڶĵһһ٣һһɮ


İʮ 
ò˵̫Ź֣˵ţƫƫǶħһħޣǸո΢һӰ죬ҿ¾֮ˡ
Ȥǣ΢ŵǸħ޴˿һֱ΢ƺϵһ΢ԼǿǧŮ˸ģʵǲ֪˵ʲôã֪Ͳˡڵãߵģ˶һֵСı顣
ħҲһ
ʱǸħ޻С߹΢˵ͷüСʶ㣬ħֵܿ԰ǧŮ˿ǼƷ§˯ɷҲ
΢һ䣬˵ܻܲ⣬ⶼʲôʱˣ˼˵
΢ûħޣ߹Ҳ˸ûȤƲƲ˻ȥʱǱͷڵϵͻȻ̫ѣСУϵҳϽⲻ
СϲЦտӷգɽ֣깦
ģˣ㣡ϵȻܲԸֹȥСйһЦһϵ󣬾ͼһۿɼķӿϵӿСС
һĻ΢ħһħ޵۾ֱˡ
ʲôȻַȡ˹ʵڲ˼飬СоʲôֱħͷҪħͷ
ƫƫСϸܲκħļ
˹Ск⣬ȻŤͷˣ߹˫ֺʮλʩҲΪ˱̿ʦ
ȻСкͰףħڣǸоͷƤЩ飬Се̫ǿȫһȼϣȻش
شǾˣʵƶɮǱߵɽҲΪʦǱߵлɽֵĵӰСҲһѾ˰겻ֹⲻ̿µ⣬ʵǲСЦȻЦȴ˸о⡣
СеĻ΢˶ͷһ
λȻˣȥԽ̿⣬ⲻƶɮҲֻöȻλ֡Ŷˣҽܣƶɮ˷·ħӣרְնħλħħޣбȻ֮򡣡Соͬںϳʲôô͵Ȼ˲ˣǶħǸħޣɫһǸħ޸ŭСУǾˮˮ̫û㣬ΪҪǹȥ
СЦԲӣƶɮѾ˵ǷħӣרְնħħޣΪħ޺Ȼ쾭壬˷淨گܲ񣿵ȻλǱλлʩͣƶɮȻల¡
лħʱ۾һϸǱŮӿһۣȻ뵽ʲôæĪѪڤл
ǱŮһ㶣ͷʶң
ħæǰ̬ȼΪݷùڤ棬̷꣬лĪˣ
ŮӶŶħãŵԭ㣬ħãǰѾĿû뵽ȥһ꣬㻹ûгħһ
ħһףҶײλŮӣֻǸЦһȴλлŮ򵥣ĺĵ³Ǽҡ
֮ǰ֪֪ȻῼҪҪԭҪŮԱڿδػᱣԼ
ˣĺǽĺжԼ߾Ӯ뵽ǶħˣҲǲľ־ޱȡ
ڽ⿪⣬Ǿ͸ףĸһһԿǸеĸ֣Ƕⲻһ꣬ԼܱǿĶȥ
ħˣǸħ޸ǲ֪룬ΪѾţˣû뵽һһͣҲǸħƺԼҪһ㣬Ψһһο塣
ֻȻλ֪ħԽɱ֪һĶûˡ
Ǿд㶯ֵʱͻȻ˵֣Ҳôذ
˵ʲôüͷһ壬Ǹ˵ħ޿ȥԷһ£һߣϵϢһħħɡ
˵ֲôأܽ⿪˵Ȼ΢Ȼʵķǳ죬аջܶħĸˣÿһͬһɽһ㣬˸о˼ѹ
˵⾲УĶ΢û˿ʤ㣬ֻܳʤ뷨ӱ
Ⱦǰվ˵⿪̿µ⣬ֻ΢ĺͶħһڳĸ˶Ǿ֣Ƕһ˰꣬Լôƽ⣬ֱǲܵ顣


İʮ Ըķ
΢ϵʱ΢ðһ⣬Ǿвõģ죬ƽ⣬΢ϸһ֪оֵһ֣ҲԭоֲһЩնñƽоָƽ⡣
ֻ⾲к⼸ϰ꣬ѹ֪ǧоѾˣƾߣ΢Ҳǰλħ
Ȼ䲻ڣоݱҪ΢ƣѶȲΪˣ΢Żô˵Ϊ⼸ϰ꣬̿µȣƽҪףҲаա
΢˶ħǸħ֮⣬ĸκһǶ֣΢ԷƱʵǶԷ̫ǿԼ뷨֮⡣
Ȼ򲻹ǾоҪֻ֣뷨ӡڱԼɹٵⷨӣԷδػţҶԷǷޣɳԸһһɳķޣ϶ѡ
΢ֻ뵽ƵԷֵķӡ
⾲кǸɽģȻǶֳģȻˣ΢Դ˼Էʱȫ
΢˵꣬лû˵Ǳɽ˾Ѿܽ⿪֣
Ȼ΢κεӣն
ãھ֣ܽ⿪ϵȰСУһɽ˵εǣȻ³΢ô˵Ϊ˱֪Ҳ֪ǾҲּģǧĲо֣Լⲻвɽϵò㱣ܽ⿪ҾԲΪһ깦ǽⲻִΣ
΢һЦǽⲻɱ⣡
ãоƫƫţÿ·΢ȥ֡ʱ΢ɨһۺѵĶħǸħޣ룬ҽ⿪ҲʦҪΪǶˡ
ô˵Ƕħǽ΢ٶ΢ʱʵô죬ҲΪѪأ˻Ѫ񹦣ħѪԵʣЩǶħġ
ȻħǾĲǳ飬΢飬Ҳǻ֮ǰ飬֮ǾǷǸħ޻΢΢Ҳûл뵽һ塣
ôֻΪͷͨǣҡ
ħǸħԭ˿ħȻ飬һ㶡
ãҴӦкʹ죬ƺöԷܽ⿪Լ֡
ʱ΢Ѿߵǰ棬ϵ֣ȻҲûйʱ䣬ֱע֮£ʼ̣ÿһǾкɽĿɿڴǱŮӺֳľѾͷҲǽ΢Ķ
ȻԾȴҡͷΪԷķҲˣѹֻǺܿ쵱΢һؼ·ȥ֮󣬾Ȼǳ֮ض漣
о֣Ȼ⿪ˡ
һſڽ࣬˵ǱɽҲŮӴ˿һЦüĿɨһ΢źǸɽĳֽѾͷ죬Ľ⿪ˣձʦˡ
Ѿͷڿʲô˵ʲôԸ񣬻һڣ֪ɽϾЩ޹ˡ˵Ҳ֣ɽƺûƢЦЦذ˵Ķԣʦඡ
˵꣬ǽǱ߾УôСУ㻹ʲô˵ֱ˼׽⿪ҿ㻹ʲô깦Լ깦Ͻ˼ңɱˣ
ӷƶɮԳУʳԵģбϾǳɷĴڣȻȺͲţʵǰɲš
һţͬһ˲΢ǰ΢ķӦٶȾȻûпĶһ̣һ΢ؿڣͼһɹɾ˳ӿ΢塣
ǱŮӳѣ΢ŷӦæдݹĹ
⹦̫ˣǾкɽ˷ֱĹֻ꣬ʲôڣ
һӣһˡ
ǷֱĹСС֣΢ֻоԼΪҡֱϣˣô͹ԲȫգϾһǷޣһɵʿҲȫͬʵϣûģ϶΢ħޣôôͻȻֱֹӹԷڣԷ˵ܲܳܶ˵˵ֱӾͱˡϾһħޣֹܽ
ƫƫ֪΢һ̥


İʮ ٣
΢ħģзѪᣬɷħκι΢߲ܡ
ȫһ͹ȥо͵ſϷ˰춼ûԷʲôӦǵûʲôӦƺǽˣþһ˵ɽˣǱлŮӺɽ˵ĵӰҲһ档
λСѺñ°ɽʱ̾һȻôδ̾΢ҪǿгԱ
ڴ˴ϰ꣬⾲ҲǶϰֻ꣬˭κβ˭ȻԭǿԽеģΪɽǸεӰͽܿ˵ǰ޵ţССͣ¾Ѿʦ޼֣ԸǴࡣ
ټǸлͲͬˣŮΪʦѪڤ棬޳ħޣ;֣պʦͽͥ⣬֮ƣһƽ⡣ǰǻһ֪֮˭Ҳκβ˭ǳཻ֮˺ѡÿճо̿µ֮⣬о黭˴Դ֮ء
ȻȻ֮˺ѣѾٴɱܿԷԱҲ泩
ǲ˼飬лһζɽǰˬ⣬εӰһ¶һߣħһħȴļʡɵӶܿкɽÿĹǺεܸǣǱȻʵķԾһԾħ
ʱҲҶ˵ʲôǵħģ춯ǶĸֲŹǡ
֮ƣ˵ĺһŻˣ˵һ㣬Ǿһһ
΢ȻһɮһֵĹҲҪʱ䣬ôԭ졣
ʱħħ޿νǶ꣬ǽͨ˺ͼֻѪͻһһǼͻ˵˲ˣ˭ɣ
ǱΪʦģǴ˿̱˵ȡôԱ⣬ֻû֪֪˵ʲôҲֻϧڻ֮ӡ
Улɽ˻аĸһһħǷӣǷӾˣһǲ
ƫƫħĸƤӵŪ˺ôβöħǸħ޼ʣûСħڹѾиǿơȻˡ
ȥ΢ϥһ˿̣棬˶ľССĴ΢
Ϊʲôߣ
ߺóΪʲôҪôߣ
һʱʱ䣬о΢ϵߣһɽװûǾҲûѾͷʵǱ˭Ѿͷһȱ㣬ǾʮֵĲˡ鷳ǣʼߣʦɽ˶˵ĶδӮԼӣǱϣǾҲԲʵϣʮǰȷǱһΣѾͷһֱԴΪɶһͷûУһ⣬ʮꡣоٸҲܲˣҪ֣κβ˵ʮʹ಻
˿̼ѾͷƺҪǸħޣ˿ͬʱħС㵹ùѾͷϣŹ֣ã˭Сҵ֣ʧŶ룬ãðӷա
ʱǰƺ죬һ̣΢ͷ֮ʮͻȻһ߲ƣɲ֮䣬һ£ֱ΢Դȥ
һ±Ȼ˶ʼδСɽ˺лǱ߻ãħǸħ޴˿ȴŵľ
һȻǻԶһ˲䣬ǵĻƺ⾪׸ˣһ߲ʾ֮£ֻо־壬Ŀ־塣ǶħУһ߲ʾ׼ֱͬħ׽һ㣬ͬһͷˮͷһ
Īǣħõ˵Ĺֱħ׽٣
пܰһǷӣһˣÿһĹ֪жôӴЩעһϣȻΪͻͽħֻ磬ħ׽٣ԼҲԣкܴտԶȹ׽٣ɾħ֮
󣬶ħǾϲ
ΪħˣΪãħˣȻ֪⾪Ǵʲôطðģǲħ׽٣ʣħ֮ǾԵס˵ħԼͷϣԼҲֻеķݶ


İʮ 
ڣħǰͲħ˾Ȼƭ˷ôѪ࣬ԼʦĺôȷǸ
ɣħǾ´󼪣ħзߺ޵뵽
ʵϣ⻹治ħ׽١
ʱ֮ǰ΢߾鷳һʱ䣬΢Ϊ˵ķǳ죬ħ֮ħͬޣ΢޵ɵ
ɵ޳ɣȻ̼ޱȣĽҲ಻١Ѱֻڷ磬׼ҪɵʱŻ׽١ɵǶദ׽٣׽ٺͷ׽١
΢õԵƾһԼ⿪һо֣þɽ˷ֱĹ
ʲôˣ
һӣһˣĹǶϷ
ֱǳԽκһֲҩʲôѪأʲô𵤣ʲôħѪͳͳȲλֹĹ
΢һʼҲû뵽ôԼħĺͷѪᣬҲ㻨ʱŽɹ
ǽǣΪֱӵ۷壬ǳƿﵽ
ǰʶ΢֪ڶ̶̼ʱ֮һ磬ԻһƬˡ
ǰ֮ڣħ򣬶ûгֹôˣɽ˵ĵӰΪѾʦ޼ٶɱȲ΢
΢ķ˵Ѿͬ˾ˣɵһôûУôܳô׽٣
΢ķ׽٣ϿѾ׽ٺħ׽һ޶ǿ
Ϊ΢Լû뵽ѹûһ׼ΪͻƵ˿̾ȻЩֱͷ׽΢ŷӦˡ
Լ޵ľɵ׽پͱ׽ٸǿ˵΢ħģħͬޣٽħ׽ҲϣǸǿһࡣ
׽٣һ˺ħˣҲ޹ֺԶĶħ˾֣ʵ׽̫
΢ڣҲû˿ܶȹ
ɵѾǼޱȣ˵ħͬޣǴӹûй飬׽֮ǿѾڵ΢ֵܵġ
Ϊ֮˴ڣȻή׽ɱ
΢һһ֪鷳ˣڵʵ˵Щ۷״̬Ҫ׽٣Ҳ졣
Ī΢Ҫһ΢ûйľ֣ΪҲȻҲβͷ̹Ȼһ㡣
ʯ֮䣬ͼһ߲ʾҪ΢ͷʱͻȻǰѾͷһЦȻľһ˫ֽ˷ӡͼӿ΢ڣͬʱ߲׽ٺݺžž죬Ȼǽڽڱ飬һƺߡ
ãǱɽͫһ磬ͼһӰɹѾǱСѾͷ
˿ͽȻѾ˹ȥǺѪϢ΢ɽһ漱ˣǴӻȡһ̺ĵҩǿͽܵ
Ǳ߾кŮлҲһͬϹҲһУʵǱڴ˴ϰ꣬һʼ˽飬ѾͷˣȻǽޱȡ
д˿̾Ȼǵһţһ̺ķȡ£ȻСѾͷϡ
СУ㡭ɽ˼״һȻ֪һʲôǿǹŷӳֹķ̺ǿķ꣬򷨲֣ղƽﾲжǵɱԼüооԷһڻؾû뵽ȻⷨԼͽ
һʤ߼οǰСʩɽϵĪҪ˵ˣȾˣˬ
һߵŮл˿̿˿ԵİȻЦģСˣɱ߲ͣʾףͻɾˣǼΪǶҪˡ
ɽ֪лҲ֪Ů˴Ӳ˵˵Ȼô˵Ӧþûˣ˿
ʱɽ˿ǱߵħѾŭ⣬Сӣһ㺦ҵĹͽǡ
˵ָ꣬һһ罣âϯնǱħ
ϵɣнҪֹѾɽϵ֣ǿѸףգ֮䣬ǽâѾǵħǰ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻǾħͻȻ˸һѹǽǷӶնӭĽâ


İʮ Ϊ
ʵϣ΢ǿһϾ޳ո׽£Ǳɣ˭뵽ؼʱ̣ǸѾͷȻʩչֶΰԼһ߲ʾס
һµ׽ٰ˳ɵʣµ΢ȻӦ
Ҳˣһη˼Ļᣬ΢ôͻƵǰķ磬ڿʼ΢ҲǷʿˡ
ʣڵΪ˵ͻͽ΢ķжǿ˵˵ѾԺͶħԿԻܶԷô˷磬΢ҪɱħѾͬһ㡣
ǸѾͷΪλܲԼֵ׽٣΢ֻ֪ǷˣڻҪȹΪᷨĻ͹ȥ̽Ѿͷˡ
ֻǾʱ˭Ҳû뵽ɽϵŭ֮ͻȻ֣Ƿ֮ǰ΢ɽϵǰֻеķݶһ΢ҲԱˡ
壬΢һжʮеġɽֶʩչɽ˵ĽâԳһ
һʲôɽϵĽâȻǱײķ飬΢߸ĴҪһЩĹǽȻǱˡ
Ҫ֪ǽҲһ˲õķˣԴڱɽʱ΢һֱã˵ǽħơħͷ־ħָľһѹǽܶʱ򣬼һѹǽ֪ħˡ
һѹǽȻɽһâˡ
΢˿ӿһƣԼķ֮䣬΢ӿһ޴ޱȵӰʮɸߣ΢ķֻķϸһȻħһģݵ⣬ȴޱȣɷħһֱ飬ëȻ
ȻⷨϵƴףǱ߶ħһħǲһֳĤ֮⣬ȻͬΪƺȶԷҪ˺Զ
ʱ򾲾Ҳʱ˵ȴ̳ɽϵϺͿ˰ɣûСѾͷСӵ׽СѾͷ϶ɣ㲻ֱӶ֣һʧɱʱôСѾͷ
һ仰ǽŭеɽ˸ˣһ԰ոԼͽʵ㿪׽٣ΪλܲʩչطԷ赲׽٣϶ɣĪǣСѾͷʶħޣ
ɨһ۴˿Ѿվ΢ɽҲȷǺʣոյľٶȷðʧˣҲңԼͽܿǱĺܣݲһʧΪˣղŲŻһ֮Ǩŭ΢
ˣѾͷѹ˵ɽ˵ֻϢģ΢ǱȴǲС
ԭܼ򵥣΢ǹǽپͻˣڵħħ֪УǹǽǼΪҪĶ
ħǼٵģڸģ˵ǽһλҪ÷Ȼ÷ѹͲڣȻǽ˵˲֪ꡣôħ˵⽣岻Զ񱻻٣ħԸưոݡ
ڶԷǻʵΪ΢ûҪϷһĽ߶֣Ϊû˻ȥ
ôֻҪװԹǽͺˡ
΢˵ͷǽƬһһļ΢ĺ˵ĸоǴѹֵķŭУʵϣ΢Ѿͷǧ£ȻԼΪʲôôܲԼ֪΢Ľν⿪
ǱɽùͽˣһѾͷһˡ
΢˿Ѿͷû¾ͺá
ɽ˶ǸˣǸŮڣҪһˣûκģѾͷΪ˾ͻָ
ѾͷղŷˣΪʲôҪôɽ˿ⱦͽû£ǳʵ
һԾҲţȻҲʮֺ棬ŮǶǱߵ΢˼
ʲôˣѾͷԲཱུĴ۾ʵ
Ǹ˵׽١ֱɽϵ˵
ѾͷһæҡͷûаΪʲôҪΪǳġ
˵ͬʱָԾĳ˳Լ½ǡ
һϸùɽϵˣɽϵʣȴǱŮ޸סˡ
Ѿͷ˵ˣ㻹ʲôʣˣѾͷû£ȻʦǵȥǸħ޵ƤŮЦ˵ٿѾͷȻһ£Ȼܽš
ɽϵûмʡ
Ȼ;һѾͷСһʱ⣬֪ܲʱС


İʮ ʦ⣨һ
ֻûʣȻɻޱȣΪѾͷԸΪǿѣǲ˵Ȼ˵׷һҲ˵
˰ʡ
һȥСӣһ﾿ǸѾͷʲôԻϧðΣס
һߣ΢ѾװģĽϹǽƬʱǱ߶ħһħ޾˼ǣ˹
ϲ˵ǽ壬޷ҲýȴмѲĽϵһѣħ˿̾ȻǴǬָȡ˼һƷ༫ѵķ
⿴Ʒ࣬ÿһ΢֮ǰõĹǽҪǿ
ֻ΢ǣʲôʱħתˣ֮ǰһ⣬޲ɱԼӣȴеҪ˼ܲ
ǸħҲһʽ飬΢ĴеĹؼ
˵ףʵΪϡ
˼ԼͻƵֵһλ˵ĹǴˡϾǾԵƣҪڶ˵̺ôܻöһ⡣΢չֳǿʵǶħֻʱеĺ⣬˵
ҪˣҲõȵȥ֮
ͨһ㣬΢ȻǲһɨֽħƷʺͷߵһѷȡߡ
лˣ΢⽣Уһѽ磬ͨ죬̺Ʒͻ֮ǽʺ΢ʹãҪ˵ͼֵ֮ǰǹǽǿࡣ
ħһʹȴǹһЦлʲôҺʲô飬õ˵л𣿡
΢ҲǹһЦϷ˭ᰡ
ʽҲǲ˵ϻʱֻܺͼʲôô̲ħʱС˵ǵ֮ǰĺ
΢û˵һħޣҲǵͷħ˵ûħޣʱֻһС
ʱĺ΢ûл΢Ҳܾ
ʱǱѾͷΪ߲׽٣ȴøڵ˿ϥ£Ȼʼͻƾ硣
Ѿ˾Ҫϣֻܺϵˡν֤ɺϵʱѾͷںϵ
˺ϵǴ£գ꣬е˺ϵʮ꣬ϰĶС
ɽϵȻΪ令Ҳһԣڣ˭ҵң˭ܵң
ʱŮȴ˹
ħеֳ֮࣬ɾħ֮󣬱ɳ֮ΪˡŮ޵ΪȾкɽ˲߹ħǶ˶ǽޱȡ΢û˿η壬Ѿ㹻ĵƣȻ΢û֤ɣʵѾͬ˾硣
л㣡Ůһӣϵĳһ˿Ů
΢Ȼ֪ԷҪʲô£ԼҲֻǵ֪ҪʲôҲʶλСӣҲ֪ΪҪҵס
Ůƺ֪΢ô˵һ㶼û֮ɫ֪ʵĲ£˶ʦİɣ
ˣ¡
ʱûбҪٷϣ΢ͷԱ߶ħħҲǵͷ
ǶΪ˱̿ĴУûиǣΪ´ˣʵǣҲʦ֮ȴΪⲻ̿µ⣬Աһֱڴ˴ȻˣǾԽɡŮ˵ָ꣬һֵǱߣǴȥܽ⿪֮ھͻ뿪ͨⲻǾֻܺһڴ˴ȥ
΢˳ſȥȻǰһţһɣǰͭأֻͭͬһ㣬׶
˿ͭ񵹻ûʲô΢̷֮ӦӣֱԼһ̿շͼĶһģһ
΢мѡ
м䣬ȴһֽֽһдż֣ͬʱԱűī̺żǿ
ϸһֽǼǡ⡱
ֻа˸ֱ֣ף΢֪϶ûô򵥣ȻҲܽλסꡣ
հ׵ֽӦþǹؼҪԱߵıīֻʱѾԹΣֹͼˣĶƬ֮ʧ٣ī˵û⣬ⲻ̿µ⣡Ů˵ҲǴһ˿įȻȴΪôһⱻڴ˴ꡣ
ʱ΢Ѿǿϸ鿴Ʒλǰ˸ֵ˼


İʮһ ʦ⣨
˼ܼ򵥰ܻҪ⣬ָֻʲôħʱȻѾǳСԱǸħҲһڤ˼룬˶ûд㶯ʡ
΢Ҳһ˸֣ʵǼ򵥵ĲˣϸһƷζ֪򵥡
֮£ײ
򣬿ɷħˣɢٻ⣿
˵ȷһ⣬ֲÿԽеס꣬ǱΪٸߣҲûȻ⡣
Ϊ˰꣬ѾԹΣ̬ѾȫſȻŮǼȻҲִڽ⿪⣬Ӧø뿪˴
ʱǸħƺ򣬼æǰĻʣȻֽϻĻܸߣֻȼʣͻһճ̥ӤһǿҪˡȻһѾȥҲ֮⡣
ֻŮһЦһ˷ʱ䣡
Ȼ֪ôһôûУȻħ޸ոջãֽջͼʧ٣еıҲʧ³Ա
ħ޲ޣҪȥãȻ޷
˺˵ˣÿֻܳһΣҪȥŮʱ򲹳һ䣬ħΣֻա
ãħƺ⶯ǰȥ𻭱ֽϻһÿľ
ľϣȴмҡҡ׹ľȻȻҪȸղħ޻ĸãΪ⾹ȻѾֻ̺صĴ֮⡣
ֻǶħջãŮ޾ǲмͼǹͷСһ겻֪Ҫ٣ûõġ
ȻŮ޸˵꣬ħͿԼͼƬ֮ɢеĻҲʧ١
ħȻЩоǲУҲֻתڤ˼롣
㲻ȥ𣿡Ů޳΢ʵֻ΢ҡͷǶѾɲУȥҲһ룬ȥҲǰȥ
㵹֪֮Ů޵˵ͷ
ȻûκλɣʵΪܴʲô漣⼸޽ģ˵ѹûʲô𰸡
ʵȻ
ȵŮ뿪֮΢ǰ˸˼ʵڿ˸ֵ˲䣬΢Ѿ
Ϊ˸Ѿд൱ص㲻ǻǲӤͯĺˣǿľӣֻ֮󣬶˸ԣǿǸо
˵ſ£ûȹˣҲ˵ͷͷǵζֻõ
Ҳһ˽Ϊ֪ʲôΪǱͻţҾɾδؾܲе
Ƿ𣬼ɣħ
ֻ΢Ƕͬ΢һ΢Ⱦپӵб˲ӵеľ
΢һ˲俪ʼ΢֮ͬⰵ
˳ȴ
֮˭һ£һ¡
ͬʱһŮ˻ȥںϵİֿ˿Ա߻ɽ˺;УȻһԵʯϡ
Ƽ򵥣ʵ죬˵зӸɮֻ꣬ش󷨡ͷֻأһ֮䣬׺ɣζ̬ƵķţͿ⿪̿ˡʱпһ䡣
СУпЩкãҲŴ󷨣ֻܼڴ˴ٹ꣬ȵǼ˵Ԫľӽ֮ʱ塣Ůʱ૵°ͣ̾˿
ϰ꣬ǼҲû֮ǰǿʤͷʦĴУܵõȻãòҲǿ
෴ȴᶨͬˣͬ˿̣չغϵ˱һԻ
ʲôУжѾҪ
֮û¸棬ֻͷǿԣǱסﵹҲһ׮¡
ʱŮУ̧ͷһǱߴߵħȻ߹ȥ
ȻǰͲסҪˣֻԣһŮ޴˿̾ȻͻȻ÷ζޱȣȥ
ɽϵҲһѹܽ⿪ǰ⡣һߵĶħħ߹ȥյıͬмһЦ
һ̣ͼħպī֮ϻȼʣͻȻ䷢ͼһֶյžȻǷ֨֨죬ˡ


İʮ ˮһ
Ŵ򿪵ܴԳ֮Ϊ춯һ㡣
ĵģħȻǽ⿪˱̿µ⣬⡣һ˲䣬ںϵİУɽ˻Ů޶ͬһ㣬ǲ˼顣
ǵȷޱȡ
Ҫ֪Ϊһ˰꣬ǿһ꣬ǸħħޣȻһξƽˡ
⾿ʲô
Сħޣôܲ⣬Ϊ֪жѣԲŻ𾪡ǱߵĶħһħޣ֮Ӧ٣ȻͻȻ֣һħˣȻȽС
һĻļ죬ɽһСУл˿ȥ˴ţΪʦĴﱻһ꣬Բܽ买ˣȥ
кŮ޷һС
΢ȴûгȥոձħԼħϮ˿һСˡ
⿪̿µ⣬⣬һ΢аյģҲͬԤϵ̺ĻǴһŲŻ򿪡
ֻȻ΢Ѿû뵽Ƕħֻ˵ĹϣƺԷˡ
Ҫ˵̺գħܼ
ֵһɹĻ΢Ȼ˺ͣ̽ȥȡС
󣬱Ů޺;УȻȶħһ㣬Ҳǽų˽ȥ
⿪΢䵽
˿΢һȻոձħ͵Ϯ˿ҲŮ޺;гȥ֮Ҳš
棬ɽȻҲĶѣʱĵӣУʦĴйȻҪȴȲⱦͽܡ
Сӵ治Ȼôͽ⿪⣬ϧ̫ˣдУҲֲˡɽ˴˿̸пһֿ˿ںϵİ૵Ѿͷ֪㶨Ȼйϵֻ㲻˵ҲʣҲģԲ˿ԿʦҲֻ
΢ڣǿһȣ֮ǰĸˣȻѾ嵽ǰ档ʱ΢Ҳ飬ҲǿٳȣͿԶһᣬɫ鷿ҡ
ȥ֮΢Ϳ֮ǰĸ˴˿̾ȻǴһ
ħǸħȻһֻԵвŮ޺;У˿ѾǱѹ̧ͷ
һǸħޱŮһָУ˲仯ΪУ·ܽһ룬һƯѪˮЩѪˮܿͷڣһɢ
һħ޸֣Ȼ˼򵥾ͱɱ
ĺܲң΢һ㶼ͬ飬ԷͶħȻûģոմžͶԼɱ֡
͵ϮԼǴһԼɱֻΪԼΪǲϮɱʧܡ
ԣħ΢ֻʹ졣
ʣ¶ħȻʵǿᣬζϵȴǷӺħ񣬲ͱ˫ۣŮһǹǽϡ
ҲģʦĴҵģҵģħ˿˻˷С
΢һμ֤̰һ˵ĸı䣬ħ˼ܣսթˣΪű򿪣鼱֮£ͺħִա
Ϊħ֪ʱǶֵΨһᣬ֣ôʦĴоԺԵ
ΪˣǲŻᱻ̰ͷԣɳôһ¡
ȷ޴ޱȣ֪иǿʿȻôֱѰ·
΢Ҳ˽ŮҲɫеһţ΢λСʩǰһݹƶɮ֡
΢ûȻóŮ޺;˵ˣԼִ룬ȴıȻ
΢ͣ½ŲŮ޺;Ҳû˿ʼ鷿֮Ѱҡ
ڣдУǱȻӵС
ֻǺܿ죬ǶɫͱüΪѿ鷿һɨ㽫ĶȫգȴûκмֵĶ
ʦĵ伮в٣ûʲôãҪôյĶܿǾͷ֣ѹûʲôС
ûбûйһЩõ⣬ʲôûС
Ů޻ǾжЩţһһ飬ֱ˵Ѿڵߣûκη֡
ȻҲһĶħ˸飬ûз֡ħûпܷʲôⲻ˵ֿȻΪʱ򣬶ħıǳմлŲź;


İʮ 
ղŵ飬Ů޺;ûκη֣ѹûʦĴС
ôԼһֱô飬Ϊʲô
ħȻ޷ʵ£Ǳ˶ߴУҲù־
ûʦĴУôһУǺġ
־öħˣ۾ʶſĵĿˮ˳һͱơ
΢ֻǿһۣ֪ħˡ
Է̫ܵĴױˣ˿̣Ҳͬһ㣬ͬԼƵʬ⡣
ĸֶħ˿
Ů޺;ȻҪȶħҪǿһЩͬϵ𾪺ҲǳٵС
ԭһжһգһգŮҲ˫ϰ꣬û뵽ŷ֣еһжǺģڣҪȶħǿ࣬ûֱӱ
ʧ֮ɫ̾һţƶɮû뵽ͷˮһգӷԭƶɮ֮ǰ̰֧䣬룬ޱȣûиãˣƶɮⱲӶ͸еĵ
Ǳ΢ҲǴľӣȻߣ飬Ů޺;ܸоԷ־Ͳġ
ˣˣСʩϻޱȣֻϧ컯Ūˣ⣬Ҳ黳ҪһЩвΪ¶ǡʱȻͨһЩ΢ҲʮƣȰ뿪һ㡣
ʱŮ޿ǰ滹һţǰһ򿪣ȻһƬī
ˡ
Ԩ
Ů޳̾һ˺ܶ࣬Ȼһ񣬻տ˷˰ʱ⣬ϾһԾҲзţǺЦ
˵ոһ־磬иûǴУ໥˰ѣǻ˷Ŀɳ
СʩлˣȥɽϵǱ꣬ҲӦóˡЦ˵תȥֻǺܿ죬ϵԸ뿪˵ǲܴϰѾͷϵ˰ˣȻͨѾ򿪣ƶɮҲںȼꡣ
ҲǣҪߣʱһߣŮʱҲ˵
ˣСʩ߰ɣҲһǻǷ飬֮յģкŮȻѾ˾Ǿǰϵɹ
£΢ȴûС
΢ҪǰΪҪԼǶԷڱչغϵȻǲܴţϵǼʮʱ䣬ȻҲȲˡ
΢뿪
СʩҲ߰ɣк֮£ȻײУѾˣǱˣҲӦɱ¾о£ṵ̂ɱ˿̣ͬõɮһ㡣
΢һ˫ѷϣͬɵĶħ˵ͷ
΢ûлȥħ˳ȥٻͷʱ򣬺ѾǿŮ޺;еӰӣ֮ǰһţҲʧ١
΢ŶħҲûīΧͣʱĵ·ط֮󣬲ŵ˵ǸˮΧ
˴΢ϴնһۣ΢Ҫһ֮طأʮʺϡ
֮΢ѾɵĶħúã⼸죬΢Ѿȷħķˣ󣬶ԷʦĴпļأǵħ֮ǰһжȻùʲôûеõ֮öħֱӱŭ;˷ɶ֮ˡ
ҲǶħˣɵ϶ǻڵġ
˿΢סħȻߵԶϥ£ͷһгһ֧ʡ
ϸ⻭֮ǰǰƯǸƹͨ΢֪⻭ʵֵ
ʦûдУֻǾкŮǶû뵽ʦĴУʵһ֧ʡ
֮ǰ΢ҿ⣬̺Ļ֮һ΢Ԭ̿գ˭ܲ⣬ͿԵõĴУҲһֱӵһ֧ʡ
ҲΪ΢ҪԲħ͵Ϯɹ΢ĸ֪öԷ֣
ĴУʣź棬ֻ뿪ͨˡ
Ȼ΢߱ˣڣ΢ʦĴ뿪Ӵˣʦͻͽһ㣬Ƕħֻ֪»ֱ
˿̣õô΢һ֧ʣٿռʣȻڿлһ
ͨͨļһ̣΢һץǼȻͬʵ΢С
ʱ΢̺ͼʵܼ򵥣һö˶ѡ


İʮ ħָ
һöһ΢˦һ㻯һɢ١
΢õʦĴУʦľȻˮǴߣƾջֶΣǰ΢ģڽһ֧ʦʣ΢Ѿ
īҪķƾջˣ΢ڻҪʱʦļգͬʱʦľȥ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ȥħϵĶȡԷ˫۱ϣֻһɵЦ΢ǬǬָȡߣħûκηӦ
ڣħеĶ΢Уǰ΢Ϊûдﵽǵ˶ħǬǬָҲ򲻿ΪкǿĽơڣ΢ΪѾѰħԼһҪĨȥԷĽƲѡ
һʱ䣬΢һǬһǬָ򿪣̽һ˿
ħȻǵ̷
ڶԷǬȻдħʯֺʯһǸħĶҲֱħ򵱳ɻƷһɨ֪̽ʮöħʯ
൱ֲˡ
֮⣬иֱʯװѪҺƿӣƿ˻Ѫ񹦣ҪľѪҺԽǿߵѪҺЧԽá
ƿѪ΢ҲĿɿڴȻһѪҺħҲᵱɱһС
ٿǬָȫǾƷʽӦоУʩչĲҲǷűźá
ؼҲ࣬иʽҩ΢һʱҲǿۻңʱ΢һ
һöȻʯɵİָšħ֮ĸħġ
΢ָϣܵ˺ǿ
һ΢ǽһöָȡоħ֮Īǣ˵ħħڣ
΢Ȼ֪ħУ㶦ʵƿħħţħħڡ
ֻʱƣħħû䣬ħڸڰǰͼħԺһЩȻҲû䣬伣УֻħűʵҲǿġ
Щ΢֪ڴӶħǬָҵ˿ħ֮İָЩѰζˡ
ħڣǲǣǸħڣ
΢ÿԺܴҪȻҲܱħɱһһ㣬ָ̺һֶصӦһ֤Ҳ˵ָǶһ޶Ķ
ǣħΪʲô
һ¶ħҰģ΢ͻȻⲢ⣬ԷĻҪɾһҵôõİ취ǽƶ
ħУȻǿֻУħ޷ȾָħƽԪշ˰ѳ֣Ҳ岻ţ˵Ҳֻħʺϡ
ԶħӦúͶħˣԷ㵽ôһָҲȻãʲô΢ڻ
ɨһ۷ɵɵĶħ΢պãȻˮڴұϻһħ
ıħ֣ħΪһħֱۣ˷΢һħ񣬿˵ʮ档õıʣȻһѴ֮ʣһʵʱ΢͸оԼһ룬Ȼ㼯ڻħС
֮΢Ŀ˿ħ΢ʦʻĶӵмǿʵȻⶫҪþǿţκ̤˵ءͬԨڴħһ㣬ȻػħʵֻܺͻһҲ㹻ˡ
ıħ֮΢ſʼʦΪ
һ£ȥ¡
µʱ΢Ϊûʦ磬ȴ˺ܶ࣬˿΢ϥһֽ̿Դ֮滭һλ͡
΢ó齣ͼ
΢߶֮ͼϾȻһ⣬һӰƮޱȣһֳֽ΢֮ǰĽ͡
ȥ˭΢һ£⽣;ͷ򶴿ڡʱ򣬶ڵıħҲǲΣգζ뽣Ͷһ
⽣ʩչĽޱȣȴеıħҲǳصģֱǿ׳ˣɺɽǶһһʱɱѽѷ֡
Ϳ磬ȭХգ֮䣬;ͺıħֶϰٻغϣʱˣǽ·硣
ʵ⽣͵ֶѾȫʩչȴκβıħͼıħͻȻ˫ȭ͵ĳֱ͵Ļλɢ
ʤѷ֡
΢ԤϵˣϾ֪ԼʵΣʵϣҪֶ򵥣룬ֻг顣һҲʦ֮ͨ


İʮ ر
ڻ΢ߣȻӣԨ£Ѿһ졣
΢뿪ˡ
һԨ֮ÿ˵ջ񼫷ᣬǲ˽壬Ҫǽһֱȥʦ
΢ĻȻ˵ǵǷ켫ܳ΢ˣûˡУҲӦλصı̿
ħ˫ʱﾹȻҲָϾħǷħޣֶμ࣬ȻѾɵȴ˻Ѫ񹦣ʳһЩΧħѪ⡣˻ѪѪ֫Чʱ䣬ħȻǾôָ˹
Ϊħɵ˭ϵãȴǺ΢Ļԭ΢ԼпΪ΢һ·ģͬһŰֽΪ΢ӴĶ࣬Խ΢׽ˡ
ǰĶħ׺ݡսթڣ΢ʲôʲôÿɵɵǺǵģǱǰϲ
΢ŶħһǰһԨĳڶȥ
ʱ΢һˡ
Ǹ˶ħ֮˿̶ԷǸޱȣ͸һΣգϵħͷһħ˴ӹо¡
΢ͬʱ֮Ҳ΢
һ͸һ˿ɵԭû֮ʵ˺ܶ࣬ﻹħǲӦֽԷɵ̳Ե˵Ѫ⡣
Ϊ֮оħΪѪ⣬϶Ϊмİ
ˣ֮һʱͺĿԣǺ֣ܿħһһָĪĸо
ȻϿʲôҲʲô⣬֮ħ壬һֽҰ޵ֱ
ֱԼԲ֣ܶһ֣
֮Լֱûж֣ǵûж֣һһϵЦݣ˹ȥк
ħˣȻβͬУ֮ЦһãҪɱװɱͬҪãͻãԲһױһס
ǷӣײΣգͬҲܿɿΪȻûб¶⣬˵ᶯ֣⣬Ǿǳĺ㽻ѡ
һ΢ͿˣȻˮʱͽնɱˡ
΢ûݣǰƷɹ٣ְΪɳϸħڶħ޵Ķʲô£һʱ֪ͨɳ
ȻҪħڶħޣǹϵҪ󣬱ϾʲôطһѣܱȶһҪǿ
΢ͷ֮߹Ҳ΢ɵЦĶħһ֮¶֮ɫʧ⣬ⲻǶħôգħҸղŻҪҪ㣬ҺûУȻ㶼򲻹ټ϶ħӶӲˡ
˵൱ϣɶ˵ɶûвҴš
΢һЦû˵ЩûбҪ֮ͣԷʣ΢ҲֱӾܾ֮㲻ˣΪԸԷ˵ǾûбҪʡ
ԭ΢Ͷħˣֶһ
һԨ߹ȥ΢ԶĳʱͻȻͣ½Ų
ôˣ֮Եʵ
΢˿Ц֣ߣǰҵĳ·һս뿪˴ˡ
֮һ㶣Ҳ̧ͷȥȻǰһȺħվڳ֮ƺڵ˭Щħͳһħŵĵһħŵˡ
ħߣСֻöѣģħħĶӣſĵУ˰˰ٻˡ֮ȻҲǿħ˿̳
룬ٺһЦӲħţҸħ㣬ԣҴ㡣
΢ҲһЦ֮һ㣬ʲô˵ʲô
ãһˡ΢Ҳ飬Ըæôţܸ˸Ƴȥ΢ûɵ
ʱ΢ͻУһߡ
ǱߣԶˡ
˵˲䣬΢ͫһһֱ΢Ķħڿ˺󣬾ȻҲһ֣ŵö΢󣬾ͬһŻĺӡ
ƵᣬУ΢죬ȡʦʣھǰһ˲һȾͼ΢ΧһƬΧ֮˲һģ˵ξȻɲ֮䲻ͬʧһ㡣
Զ߹ˣֱշ壬ϻֺС
շʱУͻȻ΢ڵķλ˿̣ʲôûпûиоʲô


İʮ һʾħ
ˣոʲôط𣿡շ˿֮ǿԨеõ㹻ĺô
ϻֺȫû֮ǰı飬˿˶ͷۣħշ嶼Ҫǿֹ
ҸоһϢãֻŻϢܣϻһʼƺͻȻоʲôɫ䣬ѹշ壬ֱȥͷ·ʲô־;ֵһ
ϻǱֺҲһ飬ͬһֻӿèӰӣŵĲֻӴܡ
շ嶼ûӦҪ֪λò׽ħħƻＫΪҪһշλʵԼ䶯֣ǳŲУôħ񣬴˿̾ȻŵĶӣʵǰշҲŵĹǺ
æ׷ȥȻ⾿ʲôλųҲ֪ѯʵʱ䡣
ȻλҪ뿪ͱӡ
һ£ǰ·ħŵħ޵˴ùħȻҲħ񾳽ĸֻ֣ǶԸշ壬ȻǴ´࣬Ȼֻշ塣
ϻֺϵĹħǶǳԽɼĴڣһ֣˵ѣǰħŵħ߽⣬ͷħ֣һͱɱʣµǸһæѾĿɿڴħܡ
ΪϻֺΪɵĳˣûǣֱӳ˳ȥշҲǽ׷뿪Ԩ
ħҲǱһħ񾳸ֻ˸Ӱ٣ʣħʿ˲أɾ
ʩչʦε΢Ŀɿڴոշ飬ҲѹûӦô¡
Ϊʲôϻֺз·һһͷΪʲôۣ
ΪͻȻǿʲôһȾܣ
΢Ȼ֪ǻԵɺ֮ӹһ٣ôղĿ飬Ѿȫͨ
֮ҲǹһЦħʲôͨȻñһͷ·Ǹһܲܽ̽ң
΢ҡͷ̣ܽңҲѧᡣ
֮ҲǿãȻѣ˵е飬ǾǲС
շ뿪֮󣬶ħҲǻָƤģ˽ԨֵǸӵС
˿΢̧ͷٿұǾ޴ħͷͼҲ˻ħ֮˵ȻǳԽһĸ֡
Ϊ΢ĿǰΪܻıħѾǼˣıħħֱһ㡣
ֻжʦ˲֪֮Ĳ࣬΢ܿħޣħҲȫħжôֲ
ħͼĻǸ̿ԨͼҲĻѾ΢֪
̿ʦȻ־磬Ҳ΢ڴ
һ·ͨ裬˵棬΢Ҳǽ飬ʱ߳ɽֻ֮ʲô΢ȻЩûͷ
֮ǰŶħԷָʲôǸշ壬ӦħˣΣħȻû˵Ȼϻֺг£շ϶ǲ֪ʲôֽţȥǾͶ
΢ôɵ
ħҪȥĶ֮ʱʵ
ħôȥĶУ΢ֵʮѣ֮ͷ˵ĺãҲǺһʣҪ죬һ֮ںɽʳ磬ħʱȥƣʱҲȥɱɱˣԳ⣬ȺȾƣǲ飡
΢˵ͷҲϢҪݳȥȻħĸбǴ鱨ĵص㣬ɳڸҲ㣬ɽ΢֪Եʱ˵Ҫȥһˡ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ҪȥҹԳҲȲöԷԼȥռѪѪˮҲ֪һʲôط
Ժֿ֮֮΢ŷɵɵĶħȥһ˶ħõľַϴαշ֮ѾǱһĽأǶˮأԲͻС
ħ񾳸ֵֶοɼһߣ֣ͿԽһƬɽͷ׻
ȻɽѪѾ˶ˮħʳռݣǵĵ̡
аȻҲħħħѪͣħޣܵħӰ죬;޴󣬳ǣ쳣еԴ߶׵磬еĻͿҺһЩΪ׵ħմȾҲ̻ữΪһ̯Ѫˮ


İʮ 벻
ʳȻͿҺȴΣաħ¼мأħƤգݸǿҧ󲿷ַ˵ʿһ˿ǵأЩһͻ̷һ
ڣ΢ŶħЩʳء
˻Щħ
ʱ΢ʵѾ뿪ˣֻǲԳ΢ٿԲ
ֻѾĿȫǣɳҺ֮ء
Щʳ΢ħʱΪȻЩڣò΢֣ħѾǹЦȥЩʳɱһ
ΪħҲˣ΢Ǹһ·Լһһߡ
ھϤħˣ޷ͨ£ŹߣɵЦϿһնħӰӡ
΢öħѾ̥ǣһˣȻ˻ˣҲӦû΢һ֣档
ܷ϶ħߣҶԷƺϲ֡
棬ˣʱ䣡΢ŶħҲǹ潫ֻʳֱɱ׷Ǽֻߵģ̳ȳ
Ǳı˻
ûҵ΢ȥһ˸Сд̽һϾԳҲι״˼϶ӡ
뿪ħþַ΢Źһ·򱱴̽һʼûκջֱ·ٵħޣħɱмȻ΢żʱŴ̽
˵ˣǹԳֻ֪֪ҪǼһ·Ҿ͸㡣һħʮֻ飬˿̼æ
΢ùſԷȻʾԷ˵ˡ
ħ֪ǰŹ˵Ķֻ֣ʵǰӣ˵ɱǰһռɽΪɽȡ֮һͽԳ
ˣ
΢üͷһ壬԰Ϊֻһ˻˶û⣬ΪԳ߻ǰǸħɽׯׯǵˣ˭
ô˵һ΢ҲûʳԣطĶ֮󣬾ͽ⼸صħ޷ߡ
棬ߣ΢ȸǸɽկ
˽統УһЩɽֺ͵ȱٵƫƧ֮ɽħǸǲޱȡ
ħûͳϵħţħѾûħϲС˵ʤǰĶħãҲЩģˡһЩɽǾ͸ձˡ
ħÿһɽͷɽѣǶһЩɢħɣҽӣͬʱӶԴ
һʱ䣬΢͹˾͸ϵɽѵɽ֮£˴վ˵Ǿѵ֮أ΢ǹԳͦ۹⡣
ûе飬΢ɽһɽпһйģɽկ˿ɽկоȻɱ죬ϸһԿħɱ
ϰ׺ħΧɽկеʮħޣǿȥ֪ΧЩ˴·磬ǱѹŴ
ʱ򣬾ͼһźëͬһСɽħְֳ師ںһɱǹԳ
˿̹Գ·磬ħ޴ĺ޻֮
ⲻ֪СӣҲ֪ĶģȻɱǻƷկˣĪǲ֪ħʵĵ̣ǣɱһɱ⣬Ů˻׽ҿ֪˹߿ɫŮǲħһа֮ɫȴ˿
ֻ˫ƺĳźڷ磬ٶһ԰師ǻ磬ԳѾЩС
΢ﻹɣѹħʲô۸ֵܵĹԳ΢Ͳ᲻ܲˡ
Ҳù֣΢ȡӶħǱŪһѼƷһ͵˹ԳǰȻ󶣶׾ٵĽħ޵İ師ȫ¡
Ҫ֪ħҲԴ󾳵Ϊİ師ÿһҲǧû뵽ȴһпƿ۶ϵĳ׵¡
ʱڹԳһħѾʮΧԷڶ࣬˿̼ͻȻðһ˵סͷİ師Ҳһ
Щħ޾󲿷ħޣԴô⣬һʼľȹ󣬱Ǹֽ
ĶСӣȻҶ£
С˭ˣͷİ師ǰħ޶һ㽣Ҳǿͷʵڲ֪ôд
ƣ˴Źߣ磬֪˭ˣħ
ԭ˵ħΪҲĿ󾳣ͷȴԴ󾳣ȫԽѹ
ԳʱҲϳ΢һϲħˣħˣҾ֪һң
ȻеǰϻˣڵĹԳЦӡ
΢ҲǹһЦֻһ䣺벻⣿


İʮ ɱ
΢Գûʲô󰭣ҲʮָˣԳ״һ㣬΢ȻҲʮֿ
꣬Ȼ΢οԹһЦʹԳ벻⡣Ϊ΢֪Գϲ⡣
밡Գʵʵش
ȳһȰɣ΢˵꣬гһ˦˲ʧ٣ֻɲ֮䣬»ص΢Уͼ΢ʩչ֡ȡһѾǶһ޴ޱȵȡ
ʣնģѪֹ
԰ɣ΢ȶԳҲһ㶣ʱ򣬱Ǳħ޷һҽУŤͷһԳ֪һĶˡ
Ȼħ޵ġ
˿̣֮ǰƵԼһܵħڵϣһѾǿտյն¡
ղŷʲô
˵û˿ֻգ֮䣬ħһȾͱжֱֽǷ˼
ߣߣħ޲ɵӣղҲô£ֻ֪Էٶ̫죬Ӧͱжһȣ¾Աɡ
ħ޴˿ҲЩסˣϾո˭ûӦʲô飬Լͷ췢ǰҪħͷ뿪
ʱ򣬹Գüͷһ壬УһСҪ
䣬ͼһ⣬΢ĽѾնħ޴ͷնΡ
壬΢Ľ˵ֻ֤֮Ľɲһ㣬ҲΪѹû֤Ϊ;ϣ֤˽˽ɣҪ֤;ˡ
΢û֤ĽҲѾǴﵽһ˼ĵز
ɱһԴ󾳵ħޣ練ơ
䣬ѪӿڶħŵĸεѣСеɢӣ΢ҲûЩСɱɱû𣬷뿪ܽħȥ
΢֪ܿԳҲһ֮ǰСҲǾħɽׯׯԼһ˸˴ռɽկԭͷ׵ĳˡǴţȴ鷳
˵طħʣղЩһʵ£ħĽǰˣڣҾͲˣСҲˡԳʱܸ˵˵ƺֻҪħڣһⶼӭж⡣
˿ڴһޱȵŮ˵ׯ޵Ůˣȴ΢û뵽һˣǧ
Ȼ
΢͹Գǧһۣǳ΢΢΢һЦЦݵдһɫ΢ȹ̣Ҳһ
һҪŮˡ
ūǧɣǧ˿ǰ̬ȻǽԼ΢Ůˡ
ħɩǲæڣˣһǰΪ˾ңɩǱ˴ˡԳʱǧ˵û΢һɨһǧ̿ȷ˸Ȼ֮Ϊ͡
΢ϲǷ飬Ů˵飬룬ӻȡһҩݸԷ
ⵤҩЧѣ˵񵤣Ƕħģ΢˳ˮ顣ǧӹһ¶֮ɫǧݹ嵤ʥҩֻжħУɣǴŪģѵǴӶħ͵ģҲܳԣϽȥħر֪͵ĵҩȻŹ㡣
ⷬ΢Ϊ⣬ʶǧŮˣǻˡ
۹ȻһۿⵤҩԶħ֪ħѾɵڳ˶ԼƴӵĹ档
ĳ԰ɣµġ΢ʮֿ϶˵ֿ˿˿ɻԵׯ룬ȡһǧݹ嵤ǧׯιȥׯʩչͬ䷨͹ԳһԣôھԼˡ
Լˣ΢ǴӲġ
棬ȥţ˸ңȫɱˣȥɡ΢ʱŶħҲǹԸһɵɵһЦ˵ͷͳ˳ȥ
Գǧע⵽ǸˣֻûʣʱԳʵħ˭
棡
һôһ϶𡣡
ģҲûãһ׼ܶԸ
ͬ΢˵ģһ˵ȷȫӦʱʵǰ𣬵ֻü˵һݻͱһצ˺顣
һʱ䣬棬һɱһɱһ˫ЩѰħ޼ɽկſڵɽȶˣʬ֧飬˵ĵڵϣѪѾΧȾĳһƬ
һսܿʹ˳ȥ˵ħһūͣΪߣɵޱȣһʱ䣬ɱϰħޣһս
ȻΪ˵ħ


İʮ ɽ
˵ǰħܴһֻǿǧȥĻôһΣȴʵ
һ¶ħı¸ǲڷһ֮ħǱǡ
˵һ⣬ںһɱʱ򣬱˲СĽߴ䣬¹ݱ¶ˡ
ħħһ£ȻǶħ
Ϣֱͬذըһ㣬ħ˶㡣ħô˵ħҲǳѾõĸ֣˿ȴĸԸĸħ¡

ܿɲܣʵֻԭһǶħĸԸħһ֣Ƕħȵĳħ
һ֣˵ħ򵥡˵ʵ΢Լû뵽£Ȼ¶ͱ¶ˣҲûʲô˲
ûΣԳǧѾѹׯȴǱ𺳵Ըӡ
Ҫ֪ǿǶħ÷󾳵ħޣֻһͿԳɾħ񾳣ǧ˭ħʵҰģˣô¡
ʵʵôҲֲǶħǧǳĵһ˿η
һʼħʵ»𣬵ɱ߰˲֮ǲˡ
Ϊ٣٣˭ܲˡ΢ʹ̽ħƺΪϴԨ飬Ѿħͬˮ׼ȫ濪սȻΪħŸ֮һҲʱһС¡
˵飬ֻʵ´ſɹƭ˵ǺпܵģϾһôôܿϣΪˣɱôˣûʡ
ռɽΪҲͦʺϹԳģ΢ҲùԳﰲˡҲСԸŮˣһ΢ŹԳȥðˡ
΢ǰоӪԪľ飬һϿ԰æСҲһΪŮޣΪܸߣСĵʵǿ͹ԳӦ
ɽסʮ΢ùԳɽϣŹɽɽС
ϣ΢ȥ֮Լʵϣ΢ȥɳ㣬һЩ鱨ȥ
շǱƺʲôıƣϻֺУ΢ҲǱʲôǿޱȣЩĴݻȥڶᡣ
΢͹йȥͿԵɽС
λħɽ£ħڶ෻ейģǱȽϴһƽۼеħ֮࣬˵ӣи֣ҲһСľͻᶪĲ
ǰͬһ΢ħ޽˳һ΢ĿҲǴŹľη
ħͷܴ󣬶ҷǸϢļɢأȻħǻһʱ֪Щħ޷ͷ
ʣħշħһɱħ˾֪
ħޣȻǰǡǵǣһЩħ޻ᾡܵİͽָ֣ϾħʶһЩֵĻôһЩС鷳ֻҪֵţٻһñ˾㡣
ֻе˿ʼ㣬Ǻܶ鶼ǿӭжġ
ⷻУ΢һЩħ޵ĸ¼ģһЩħ޸͵͵˽磬ɱᣬǽһ˸׽
ħޣ׽һˣ
΢֮һʼЩ˼飬Ҫ֪һ˵ʵֻαɣҲԲһħܶԿġȻץԷһ˵˵ʵ˵֮ǾĲ߻ġ
΢ԼҪ׽һαҲԲס
û뵽ﾹȻħ¡νʳ磬ָþҪڽ˸һڿڷʳʳ硣
󲿷ħޣѪħѧ֮󣬾Ϳ̳֮ˣѪ⻹
ħ޵µͷȴµ̬ͬʳ飬΢ѹһȤûУҲֻһεڶѡĿģֻΪ絽ԼˣһЩ鱨ݳȥѡ
ڴȵʱ䣬΢ɹҵ˺ɽеһЩͷϵһΪصĽͷص㣬΢ðźͰ֤ݣȻϸ
һβһһ΢ֻһˣҲϢݵԱ΢ԼױдŰװãȻͼӳֻ֮Ҫֺͱ¶һ̾ͻȼȻո⣬ʧ١
΢ҲΪ˰ȫֽ֮Ҳڽ̸ģҪ鱨ַϢңֻжýܴ֮򿪡


İʮ ʳ
ɽвСҪҲѡڵЩʱ֮š
֣ˣͷʢҪύλҺħΪеĴħء֮Ǹӣ˲΢ħʱ䳤ˣʲôħûѾֲ֡
ħʣҿ˴ҡײƭħʣҵ鷳ˡ΢ǺЦʵϣħ΢Ҳ£ԷҲֻһͨħ񣬶΢ȴֶ࣬ƴɱħ
֮һЦŪˣħʲ㣬ΪϴԨ飬ħɱħλħ񾳸֣ħħħźħѾͬˮ𣬾Ҫ֣ħ֮ˣĻʱ飬Ϊħźħ֣ħңЩɢÿԽ˻ʳ磬ҲΪһ֡һΪֽһˣ̸ǿԶ׽̸ҲǿĽ鲻ġ
΢һȻĿģʳ翴ȥһͷĿΪһɢ޸֣Ҫ˳¡
΢ûʲôȤģȻˣҲ޷
֮΢͹棬˺ɽһյϡ˿ѾҹΧħƣɭɭģǿյȴޱȡһﾹȻѾǼϰħޣι״ͬһ㣬һЩħһľ磬ͻı壬޴ԵֵۼƤ˺צ
֮ĵλԲͣһħ밲ÿһͨ
ֵܣˣҶڵ㣬ٲ˵ɾͲඣһδʱ߳˵ףͷ
ȻΪߵһòѾǻʵħ񾳡һɼΪǿɱϣһġɱ֣ռ
ɱ磬ⲻôϡøţȻҿɲӦ֮ҲǴ˵Χħ޹Ц
ʱڶħҲ΢͹棬ǽ˳
ħ
ԭˣ˵ͷʢħʵӶ
ʲô˲ħʺħѹûʱħȹЩ˼һ϶ħɱ
Χħ޻̸ۣʱ΢ŹѾߵǰ
ɱ磬һ£ҽύѣħΪߣǽۼʲУħһӢۺú֣ɱ磬ħ񾳸֣νѶ·Ժɵ׽׽֮š
΢ûڣǱɱͿ˹һ˫۾У͸ɱ΢óԷɱӦΪĳħԼ
ܿ죬ԷĿԽ΢΢Ĺ档
ʱɱͻȻħãѶ겻Ϊʲô˵ϲңǹˣ
΢֮һ㶡
ɱ磬ϵöħ֮æʵ£ԷǰǴû
ɱ۾ǱߴŹߵĶħõϵãϰֵܣܲϵá
У͸һɲĪıɫ
˵ֳ꣬ŶħħãһʲôΪβŲʣУΪҪ£ħεºܣƾʲô㷢ʩĸ˵
ȻԷѹûħֻʶħ
΢ȻǲԣҲû˵ֻĿŶԷҪʲôħɵ£ֻŮ޺Լ֪˵ɱħǰϵöħҲ˵ùȥ
ʱ֮ЩѿħģҪύѣû뵽
ɱ磬ʲôͶħʲô飬ҲûҪְɣ֮Щˡ
˭ɱЦһܵסʮɱȭǸԡ
˵꣬ͻȻմһȭ
ͼһ޴ȭӰХٶȼ죬˵֮Ƥķȭ̺ɱ⣬ѰķʿɱǶãǵ
΢һʼȻҲɱ壬ħģѪᣬо֮ܣ˿Ӱ졣һȭӰ΢ֱӰνһնɱһɳĽ֣ȭӰ롣
壬΢Ѱһн⣬ԷҲȭ֮⣬ײȻ໥΢һԼռϷ硣
䣡
ײ֮£޴ĳΧħ޶ײڵأһĿ¶֮ɫٿħѾû֮ǰ֮ɫ


İʮһ ɱħѪħ
ȻЩͣǱɱһҪ֣ʱͻȻƽ磬ħͻȻҽһ屬ѣѪҺ
һ±ʽ˶סˣǱ׼ٶֵɱ磬ͼո˵ѪҺ·һ㣬ڿ໥ںϣ۳һӰ
һĻ˿Ŀɿڴɱ״һ㶣Ѫħãʲô
ӣȻϵѪɵӰ
ӰһЦһɱħãħãô˵ǵħãû뵽겻ΪǲˣʵʧǶħãΪ˵ĸ֣ʵħ
ⷬ΢ܸоħӶ˶ȻħȻɵԷⷬƺǴľԾ˷Ӧ
Է˵ĻҲ΢о
ħڣ
ĪǣָǺħšħħڣ
ֻ΢˵ħ΢Ѿڣǰƺֻܴû뵽ħȻħڵˣһʲôħ֮һ
˵΢ڳڶħ޶סˣ֮Ŵͣ˵
ɱ磬Ҳɱħô˿ȴ̾˿ѪħãħѾʵǼǸ£
ɱħįӢĺ֮⡣
ƨħڵħ֮ףħźħҲֻħڸӹû䣬ħҲ˷֪Ͷħö˻˴ԸħǼ棬ֻһ䣬ǻǲħڵˣѪħɭֲȴǴһŨŨ԰
⻹˵һħڣħڵˣɱħô˿̺ɵ˵˵ֵֻħ˥ʵħܴ͵Ϯ˲һֱ꣬ˣħ˥䣿Ҷ֪ȴ
ȴѪħõãȻǻħڵˣǣħΣܻܿ᳹ΪħãǿԸһħͬ
ʲôɱħôһǰһѪħã˵ʲôħôˣ
ѪħȴǲЦһǰգħħƽԪΧħ̳ħɽҪɱħħȡ֮ڳϲǻƽԪѿħڴ󣬵֪ħά֣֮ͻƳʱǻƽԪɱħɽ߱ɱħħһħڱ㳹ˡ
ǻƽԪˣɱħǲȻŭɱӿͷγһɱܡ
ΧЩСħޱɱײ֧Ųסʵ
ɱݺᣬȻɱħǶŭȻΪߣɱûǰЧڳ֮˴ﵽʿûʹȥ
ʱͬգǻƽԪ֪ģѾħĴУħħҪħڣֻҪӻţͲôɡ˷Ҵ̽Ͷħټרǣֻһ䣬ߣڣѪħʵ
ɱħùһЦħʱͷԣܲ㣿ѪħöԸħͬɱħ󣿵ȻҪȥңҪȥɱķɱذ
ãЩѪԣѪħһͣ͵ĿǱ߹ħãһָһ֮˹ȥħʶܣȴһģԷһ½ϵĹߴ
ħãô˵Ѫħóʣֻ꣬;ԡ˵ȷǶħãɶԷΪһɵЦΪ񲡣
Ҫ֪Զħõ˽⣬ԷԲֱͶ
ħã㣬㷢ʲô£ѪħóʵҲܿħõ״ȻɱħҲǿ⣬Уǰץħã𶯣ħãôˣ
ɱħħ񾳸֣ʵȶħҪ˺ܶ࣬һץħȻǶܲһ±ɱħץס
һԵ΢Ȼ᲻ܣǳֽǰڰ·Ѫħ¡
˵㣬ħǰǶħõ£ǲ֪ʲôֶΣס˶ħã˵ʲôӣǲ˵ڡѪħ˵Ҳħ񾳸֣ΪɱħûҪ
˵ʱʱ죬Ѫħø˵꣬ʩչһħʹ΢
΢һϳѪħʩչǰ˻ѪеġѪơ֮˻ѪҺУѪһżΪħ
˻Ѫ΢ҲᣬʩչһģһħҲһƴѪħöһơ
ֿ΢ѪħҲ
˲䣬Ѫħɫһš


İʮ ǰħ
ʱǱɱħͻȻѪħħһ￴˼Ĵ̼ŷɵˣ
΢һ˼ת̼ͷҲħǰԨħշ˵İ㣬ѣ֮ͳӣλѣϻֺȴǲ֪ʲôаֱˣҲ²⣬ӣշйϵţֵܣ
΢˵٣ҵʱ֮ȷǿϻֺ˵״Ȼһ˵꣬ǱѪħɫͱ˼䣬ȴûٽ
ѪħѯǱ֮߱㽫һ˵
ԭˣǰռˣҺҲ죬ֺУͶħѣʱǶǱʲôռ˵ȷֿܡշ壬ǻƽԪ£ĪǻƽԪΪ֮Ѫħô˿뵽ʲôŭ⡣
ˣħǰħ˵ĸ˵ħָڶħϣ˵ħЩ˾Ϊ£żӺħֵܵġɱħʱҲǲ²һֿܣȻǺҲ²⣬΢Ȼ˵˵ĲԣˮԽԽá
֮ôһŪû΢
ǻڳϼʶ㣬˵зӿκɵ֢֮ͽħôȥɡѪħʱ˵ʱǱ߶ħһɱħõ˫֣ȻǶ㵽΢ɵɵЦ
ô˵ħö΢粽롣һ£ûٻ΢ħϾ˶ħã߲ô׽
ħǰҲǶħõ£˵Ҳħڵħѣħڵ˶ӦþһҲһǻȥСɱħʱ˵һѪħҲһͬ
ʣħʵܸߣǿǿԷħ񾳸ֵĽ˵ħٿԺħ񾳸ִƽ֡ħͷ֮ʣܶһǺ£ԣǽħͷϡ
΢ҲȥΪ漰ħڣ漰ƽԪշ壬˶̬΢Ǻ֪ģǱߣҲ΢ֻҪ¹˵Ϣ޾ϸҪ
ڼȻᣬ΢Ȼܾ
ǵͷǰǶħõˣȻλ˵ħħ˵ҲȷħڵĵӣôȥȻûж
ãһӣɱħʱԽħԽ˳ۣԷΪ߻ΣҪǽħշǹַɵˣͶ¶ħòܲˣħȴ飬ħߣһͲס
˷ħѣ˶ܿħӴ˽٣ȥħҲ۾գֱӴӦȥæŽܿɹ
ԭɱħڵĴ֮һôҺɱݣҲħڵˣħѣҲҪȥһ֮֮ʱҲµһӦ
ֵܣˣɱħȻ֪֮Ϊ˵ڷǶڣħȴв磬Ϊħкħ񾳸ֶԿʱȴǲС
ȻˣĪɱƲֵң֮һ䣬ɱħ̵ãܽύֵܣⱲû׻ߣȥħɽħڣ
ߵʱ΢ɽǸɳϸҲվԶȺйǴ󶨣ȻȻϸһĻôҪ˶ãϢͻᴫݵ
ѪħΪߣззǴż˸ħɽ
ħħɽħڵ̳ǧ֮ǰħʢʱ֮ͬɳǰ㣬ͳħ򣬾νħźħҲֻħ
ֻʤ˥ħǰңѳħźħɴ˿ʼ˥䣬ҲħǰħıԼһȺףħ̾Ϳˣ˿ʼȨñҡҡ׹ħѩϼ˪ħѾʵ
ħڵĵλ˭ܳԽȥģħɽ̳Ҳڣħڲû
ΣħħƽԪռħ̳ɱ˻ԼħħҪȡ֮Ϊħһħڻˣóѡ
·ϣѪħûħãħڵĸãֱΪħãѪħãɱħãħá
ħãħڵĸָǲڣȻѾϦĸûмˣΪˣѪħòŻȥѰɱħúͶħá


İʮ Ƥ
գ˾͸ϵħɽһƵɽԲռǧ˴ħߵĵط
СģƽԪѾ̳Χסֻǹ̳Ĵ󣬵⻤ɽֻάգ֮󷨾ͻƳѾȥգӣǰħڵֵܻ٣ʱƳҲǻƽԪɱһѪħʱ˵
ԣɻ˵ħħǶʱǻƽԪйΧħڣɱħʱ뵽⣬ʵ
Ҳ֪ǻƽԪķħǱ߲ǷǻƽԪȷҿѾǳԽħĴˣѾӽħľ磬֮ǿΪңҲһһǿимħѪħ̾˿˵ʵħڵȷûӺ˼ұȡ
ǰ棬΢ѾԿ̳ڣһۿȥ̳һ޴ޱȵİƤӰ֡
ǰƤ΢ҲͷһοȻһּΪǿĻɽ棬һСİƤơ
ϰ˸棬Իһħͼڵҫ
֮ǰѪħѾ˵ɽħ΢ʱʱ򣬾;ЩŹ֣һ΢ϳǰƤϣ˸ƤϵħͼʦֶΡ
΢ΪԾ
ʦ֮ǰԨټƤȻħеʦҪࡣ
ǰƤǹؼһϨ󷨾ʧȥЧħڵ伮أֻȼҹѪħ˵
˿һ࣬ǿħһͶӰħ񼤶ȻǼħ޴ƣħǱƬ̣һħޱɱͬʱ⼸ħ֮زز
ᣬѪħǴ߶зٶȣǸٷȥ
·ħħ޷ǣأѪħҲħΪ˿д㣬зӳ˼ħȻӲų˹ȥҩ󷨵˲䣬ͻȻһ޴ޱȵħ֣ץ˷з
ãѪħôһȻǾ޴ħ̫ˣֵסһץסзᱻķ顣
ħˣȻ֪һλֻħֶΣѪħɫ԰˵
΢Ҳܵ˽ƥеѹǾ޴ħǧɴСֱԽڵһ㣬һħֹҲǺ޷֮
ʱħ̳ǱߣͻȻһͬȴСħ֣ħֻײһ𣬷зϵ뱻һѪ
΢ҲľѣħֶΣֲ̫ˣڵԼ֮ΪУһжס
ΪԼ뵽˷ɱһ˺ħ񣬵Ǵ˿̣һݸոսĺͰǱʵķ顣
ħԼһΪֱǺһ㡣
ʣħʵѾɽһⲻ΢ƥеġħǱҲͬһĸ֣Ϊ٣١
ħǱߵĸֽѪħõķзǷ̳֮ڣȻԼˣ󷨲
ʱԶʴһߣǸոճֶԸǵĸ֣Ϊֻͬ˻ȥ
ѪħлɽϳѪħô˿̳ǰ̨ϵһ߹һ񣬼Ϊ˵
΢ʱҲȥһ
λߣҲǻɽΪѾɲ⣬ͷӿֳһǣ΢֪λߵΪѾﵽԽһɱĳ̶ˡ
ħ
ɣ֮΢ǰо˶Է޵еϢ
ֻ΢ҲۿλȻΪߵףֻǿţԪѾǺľֻܲ˵Էһһһλ̾ͻ
һ㣬ǳ˺߱ˣҲֻ΢ˡ
΢ҲȻޱȣħֵܼڣ߱ȻûֻҪһûʲô赲ħ
𣿡ʱһ˿𱸣һ˿ο
ɽϣħڵӣħԵ棬Ѫħ˵һ˵Ѫ֮ˡ
̾˿Ȼû۾ȴ·֪˭ǰ档
ɱħãħãǶҲˣãã㻹ǵħڵӡ߿ο
ʱħɵЦüͷһ۾
ħã㣬ôˣߵķӦЩŹ֣ƺΪħõ


İʮ 
ɽѯʣħֻǹһЦ˶ԷһۣȻͶ㵽΢ɵЦֹûӣѪħúɱħֻý֪ľһħпǱħ˸ˣɽϾǳ̾һ
ħεħƽԪ˽թޱȣıԶǣҸոջλħڿˣԭǴԨзųĹħħҲǻˣȻǿΣգȻͲֻǷɵǱħռ壬ˣħٻλħʱħŶѹסǡɽҡͷ̾Ϣ
ΣħҲǳصģҵڣһлɽ򣬾Ǻһսкξ壿ɱħɱħսûκεӣȻҲΪҲһħҲλɽƴɱҲһս֮
⻰Ǳ΢ҡҡͷɱħȻ֪λɽԪѾʧֳ֧һˣںܾ֮ǰλɽϾҪˣֻǲħڣһֱǿţǲ֣ôħΪŸϰпܡֻҪһ֣ȻķΪǾѩϼ˪΢λɽǳŲ˼ˡ
ħûħһĸֻǰƤƵһһƣ˵ûκλ֮
ɽû˵Ȼ˵Ҳںʱһۺ΢֮Ѫħ׳ϵ˼æܣ˵ǶħúɱħýύֵܣҲħڵӣ˷ǻġ
ɽϵ˵ͷĿϢ˵
ߣȽȥħڵֵܡѪħһɱħúͶħãȻʮָˣż˽̳棬Ȼǿϰħ޾ۼ
ȻЩħڵĵӣеĺһһֱ⣬֪ħھѣŻڡ
ɱħãħãҲˣ̫ˣֵܼ˰겻ֿԲɱˣףħãɵЦʲôӻˣһ߹ӻǧﲻֹ˸׳ܣѪ֮ǿȻԴħһħͷ
򣬱ˣħֵܱħǰ˸ˣɱħÆ£֪ġ࡯渵΢ЦλãʡԼˣܶ鶼˵ԼԲƽˡ
ʲôǸħշ壬зǣɳǱѱһͲʲôöԭ˶ħֵܣģֱӸˣȻҲһƢһŭ֮£Ҳ
йһ΢ħ˵㣬ǶħõֵܣҲħڵˣҲֵܡ
΢ЦЦЩħ޵Ҳˬ칢ֱ˵ʲôʲôȻײޱȣһЩνеı޳֮µҪ̫ࡣҪ˵ѣԸ֣շ壬ǰҲ¹ڳԾӣû뵽ȴһػĵСˡ
״ã˼Ҹӣ΢ҲСǰ񡣶ʱǱ˼̱ʲô˶ħħٴѣ˵Щ˾ħļϸҪ۾ˣ˸ˣĿ
΢Ťͷһ˵֮һȥͲˣֻģªһ˫۾ɫʮֵĲ
һ¾ŭˣðһɷħ¡죬ͬʱħ֮£αߣԶħһ㣬ŭĿӵʿʲôƨ翴㲻˳ˣƾ㣬Ҳħ֮λҲʲôС
ʿҲǱӿӰǲǿԱȻȻ˭¡
һԲϣҪ
ʱѪħûѪħ壬˸ʿʲôħеǰȴڶס֣
ѪħΪߣһ֣ʿҲʮּɵȻħ񾳸֣Ҳǿ֮ѪħþǸ֣ҪǣѪħûһֵܣħħ֮ףħá
ħõΪߣȻڳΪйħڣħ֮ڣ˭ҲȻѪħá
˰֣Ѫħ̾ʣղ˵ʿҪħ֮λʲô˼
û˵Ǳʿ͵Լ˵ħڵεҫħΨħڶ˭ҲɾħħͻȻ͵ϮӴ˳˯ѣħȺףķѣΪħڲһƽյҲˣڴеǰӦþѡһλħִ֣ħѡȻҪħڵѡĳΪβһħ֮λ


İʮ ħħ
ʿ˵꣬̾вħħӦѪħȻ֪ʿϲ⣬ʮа˾Ҫħ֮λɲò˵ʿ˵ĺе
ħΪ˥ܣҲΪħ˯ѡҪ֪ħ֮ڶΪħޣƽ˭˭Ҳֻħͳ˧Ⱥۣħ˯ѣȻģö֮ħ˥䡣
ʱҪѡһħʿҲʸ񡣡
ǱʿҲǴŭӲʸĪ򹻣
ۿҪͻѪħǰܡ
ߣҪѡħҿҲֻлɽʸ񣬻ɽħΪ˭ƥУɱħʱҲǳ˵ȻУֻɽһˡ
ɱħôһ˵ڶħ޶ǵͷȷ˵δħ˭ҲֻлɽϿ۷ˡ
ʿҲѡǻɽϣʱҲֻܵã²˳٣ȥһɽϣ˼ִ֡
һȥһɽϣֻǵǽһ˵ɽȴҡͷܾˡ
˲⣬ɽ̬ȼ˲֪ΪβԸħ֮λ΢ȴ֪ΪɽֻʣһţҲ⼸¶ˣʣܽδħսξˣǶħڵĴ̫ˡ
ԻɽǼֲԸ⣬ֲܽԭ򽲳֪ⶨûպûħǾˡ
һ£ʿһתֿʼİ취֮Ҫѡһħ£ȻһЩײħ޲岻ϻ΢֮Ҳֻܿš
ԶħõȻǿ˵ַɵ·׼΢һֱߣֱǴ粽롣
ɱħãħã뿪ħѾܾãȥݼһħɡɽʱͻȻ˵
ɽϵĻɱħȻҪŶħߣֻǶħץ΢·ûӣɱħʾһ»ɽϣ֮ͬ󣬲Ŵ΢һǰҡ
ƹһԺӣʿ˵ĳˡ
ħһȥݼħˣֻҪкŶħþͺãɱħʱ
ǣ΢ͷȻҲЩɻ󣬵ȥģħħ΢֪ҲħеĴɳĽħ¼ŵǰĲ˵ܽħħԴȥȻԵõʹ͡
һ·ǰ΢·кܶ£ħߵĻЩħֻħħ
ǰһ֮⣬ſһͷɵȻȻһͷ롣
ħе֮һǰҲֻ˵£һֻſ΢ͷƤ飬ʵһ㶼ǻɽϲ
һͬħĴڡ
ɱħÿ룬Ҳŵĵͷ񣬿ƣħ޴ˡ
ȥɣɽѾѶңһʱ䡣Ǻ˿̾ǿԣſ˵
ɱħʮֹŴ߽
ɱħڻ͵ˣ΢ûʣħǵħԽģȻʵǿᣬħһȴƢŹֻ֣ħ֮Դǰħ˯ѣ˭ҲָӲλүڴ˴֮⣬һŲܣҲħ˯δħˣһʱ뿪ħڡ
΢һҲĸΣȷĵģиȴáڿħڵȷе̰ϻɽϣħˣѾλﵽħĸˣֲǰħһȷܼ
ڣΪħЧҲڱƽԪ˴
˴ƵԱߵһǰ˴һŮӶſڣŮӼΪ޻󣬴һɫɱħ׺֮ħŮǰȻǵͷֱò
ˣɱħãħǰݼħ˵֮Ҳ̧ͷ΢һˣ˲оۻң·Ů˵ò壬ֻ΢ħģѪᣬת˹
ףǺȻ΢״ĿͶ΢ߵǺˣ
ŶغˣħǶħõĸֵܣ˷ħħ֮˶ѾɵֻԸħõħΣ˷ҲҪݼԡɱħ͵
ŶˣħΪȻĹӰ죬ħõ۹ⲻ˵˵ͷȻ֮һƣķžʹ򿪡
ɣ
˵߽꣬ȥ
ȽӣͿ˴һңǰ洲һˣɫ꣬ȴòãӢȻħħֻ΢˵һۣĿɿڴ
λħħȻһ̿շͼ֮һģһ


İʮ ͻȻϮ
΢ִŵħħȻԼһϵһģһʵ˸о˼飬΢ëֱ
⣬⾿ô£
΢֮ǰ²⣬ǻ֮˿ܾԬ̿գҲǻħԨľˡ˿̣Ȼħڿ֮ˣ΢һʱ֮
ѵ˵ħħԬ̿գ̿
΢뵽ҡҡͷᡣ΢Ǳ̿һħħȻ˵Ǳ̿΢Ҳţ΢Ա̿ͣ統Уܽĳ˯ѡ
ôˣʱһԵɱħòʵȴΪħ֮󣬾һҲ
ûʲô΢عȻɻµȻǲܺͱ˵
ʱ΢һǷĶħ˿̼ŵħħ֮󣬾ȻûɵЦ۾ֱĶŶԷ
ԴӶħɵ֮󣬻ͷһˡ
ǱɱħþħЩԣħΪأԣħǽħõɴֻڡҲա
΢Ҳû뵽ԭħһ¡
ȻڶħλħĵλߣȻѾǷɵȴƺǵλħԼŻ
ʱλǰȥʮλħӺ֮ǰŮˡ
ɱħ֪ʱޣ˿ħ񣬶ħȻɵ˿ȴҲͨһϣԼɼۿᡣ
ħˣȻ⣬һûԼħڵˣ˷ǻƽԪҪ̳ħҷģֻҪҵȻһ;ûƽԪ˾ħ˵꣬ɱħÿ˸ͷȻ׼ȥ
ʱ̳ͻȻ˼£Ҳܸܵõ
ô£ɱħαǣս׼Ǳߺ˸ǱðβӰħ
ʱͻȻһ
ħڵλͬħħƽԪ˷ǰħֻ̳Ϊݻħħħħںϲ֮£ֻȴħ֮⣬ɲħڴ֮
ͬÿһ˶һ㡣
΢üͷһ壬ȻȷǻƽԪ벻ԷٶȻô졣
һ̣һ𣺡ħħݹ٣ħڱӦӭħֻħڴ˷ͣħ£ɡ
ȻǻɽϣҲֻΪܺǻƽԪԻˡ
һ̣ǻƽԪЦ˷ħҪǴ£ħڷ㣬ħңħڻ뱾ħּۻ۵ʱħħ˯ѣͬˣֻһӦĻɽϳų棬ɽϣյħڵ˵ˣŶˣǰ㰤һƣնˣһ֮ڣ͵һغ֮ˣֺαִţ㻹Ƿȥɡ
ƽԪĻﵱ͸һɿ⣬ݸħ¶һǵкܶ˶ΪлɽһħžÿԺ͵ƴһƴɽҪɥȪʱûħһĸ֮ΪУ
һʱ䣬Ļ̻̣е˸⡣
ħΪħڿۣɽ͸һŭ⡣
ȻħǾħڿۣƽԪԴޱȣ˵꣬ЦһͻȻ֮ɱ
˺ãǻƽԪǵȻ֣ôļı
ҺһƬղѾ֪淢ʲô顣ȻڻڵħڵӵУ˻ƽԪˣò˵ı㣬Ȼôһ壬ץס˻ᣬħһ
ģȻ˸ҳ⣡ɱħôŭʱͻȻһҺＸ˶һ
ˣҺǺ롣
ĪǣǻƽԪҪɱħɫ𾪣һ̣Ųٳ߰Ϊħޡ
ЩħԶǻƽԪˣ֪ʲôס˺ȻҪħħ֡
ɱɱħʱ˵ӭȥһȻ죬λˡ
Ҫ˵Ϊ˻ɱħ֮ϣԷȻȻ˳׼ͻȻ˦ķͼһ˺ɱħþͱһסá
΢ͫһȻϵãӦɳʵķħħħһĸֶס
ֻΪѵãΪƲף֮٣˵ɳҲֻ
ǻƽԪȻԸ㵽ֱǲ˼顣
ôģ
΢ңԷûнħԼϣԼҲΪ
һ̣߰˸ħѾǽΧΧסͷ֮΢ϵãǸղǸʿ


İʮ ħ
ħ㣬֪˴֣Һ׼ħʿЦֹ
һħǵħ˺ֹ㣬ֱ©ǺħŪ㣬ֻڤҺͽŪιȥϾֻһͷѣȵħ˾£ͷʱֻܳħˡ
Щħ֮ǰһħͬļƣ˭뵽Ͱػġ
ϻ˵Ȱ£ǽħħɱĴȻ߽⣬вѾס˭ҲֹˣʿЦһɨһ۱ħĶõɱħúͺˣޱȡ
ɨ˷Ķħú΢ħ񾳶ǣΪݣֱɱ¡
֣ʱһħЦŷħǷ󾳵Ϊֳһͷ󵶣ɱڣȻĽħúħɱ
ԭǹһֵܣ㷨޵֣Ȼ֣Ȼû⡣ʿһħޣҲһٸġ
һ˵ͬʱͬķնɱףʧ֡
ͼһһǰֱնħúħͼâ֣գ֮͵˶Էǰ
һЦһһ̣ͼǱħ̧һһɽӿ˲ͽâ⻹㣬ǽͬκһ˹һޱȣûüӿͱ⽣ûɲ֮䣬ն࣬ʬ
˻
ʿǱ߼ħǵһĿɿڴһš
ղǱΪһ׻ʤû뵽ͻȻתħһǽһĵâ飬ͬʱɱ
ʲôʲôΪ
һʱ䣬ʿ˶ðһͷոħƺô˶ħֱɱħöҪ֪ӦϲŶԡ
ߣСѣһҲǷħУʿϣħб½һԣʱһħ񾳵ħ߹ձʹһ䵶ÿһ¶еӿ
ԲħǰһħͷԳ֣С£ͱɡԱʿһˣҲΪȴǶԷѾãЩ
òţһҰͽܣɱͽܣ⵱ʦĵȻ֣ҿţɱħֻһ䡣˵꣬λʮħͻȻ֣ͼͷӿһħħҲֳ䵶Ȼͬʱն£˲䣬һ޴ޱȣƺնһеĵâХɱ΢
΢̧ͷһнʽ仯ȻָΪ˲ʮǶ˽ˮʽ
ˮʽԿ壬΢⼸ٶȼֱǿ磬ȻǺڶԷâ֮ǰɱ˹ȥλħǰһæʩչֶεֵͼžžǿ˼ȴЩˮʽ̳ɸӣĻħҲ˲䱻
ˮʽǿɷ񽣾еĽʽǿٶȺͶ֮ټ΢˽壬ĽҲֻǱȽɲһ㣬ħֵܵ˲ܣɱȫʬ
Ȼոʩչֶնľ޴âҲǰ·߽⣬΢ƽ⡣
ֻƬʱ䣬΢Ѿɱˣһħ񾳸֣һʱ䣬ʿްС֮ġ
˵СģǹΪ
Ǳʿ˶һɫһ˿꣬Ϊ˳˳ļƻ˿̾Ȼô©ɱ˵ħЩħ޾Ȼ˵֮ġǵļƻ͹٣ﵢ̫ʱ䣬ȵħħ޷һˡ
ҲҪţħֻһˣǶħѾɵӣֵһᣬһ֣彫ɱʿǺʱŷӦΪʲôһʼҪһһĶ˶ڣһӵɹˣڣƽʧλ֡
˿̳ʿĸħޣҲӦԼһʼװʲô⣬ֱ־ͺãֱ˷ʱ䡣
ʣһ֣ɱ˹
ħޣħ񾳣Ƿνʵǿᡣ΢Ե˵˭壬һϾЩ鷳ˡ
΢ֶμ࣬һףг˦ǰϣ׽ʽ
˵꣬ʦȡһʣһƬꡣ
񽣾ˮǿֻǴ˴Ҫ绽ѶȻܴ󣬵ʦȴǿԸպֲһ㡣
ʦ۷׵磬Կһʻ˲ʱ䣬꽻ӣʿ˻ûӦһѾǲҽһʬ


İʮ Īа
īȾƾշꡣ
ʦİڣ΢ıīıȣֱСơ
˿̷껭˽Уħ񾳽ĸ֣΢׽ʽҲǺ޻֮
ħ֮⣬ѪħúֽЩͽһһɱлɽϳ֣˵ЩͽȻ٣ȴǺܿܡ
ãʿǻ쵰ħ
ǸǧļһҶħɱţ
ƽ֮Ѫħú̳ħһʼǻĴңϾħǰкħ޴ڣֻǸϵǰŷ֣뾹ȻڵϻԲѣ඾Һ
ڤҺб鷳ˡѪħҲǼʶ㣬˿ļ١
ħΣգҲǼıףһȺ˼ҴҵĳħȻӣΪˡϾʿμȻȥɱħȻ׼ϾڤҺּŪĶŪˣôĺ˵ҲȻǵĶ֡
ѾĴ㣬Ͼʿˣħ񾳺ֳ˽֪˺ˣֻɱħáħúǸħˡ
⼸Ȼʿ˵Ķ֣ħıʿ˺ˣѪħúȻŹʿˣҲҪͽ汳
ֻǵǳӣȴǿĿɿڴһĻ
ʬϸһʿһͽ
ʿˣ˭ɱģ
ٿħùڵͷɵЦֹ˺ɱħñħĶã˴˿ҲĿ࣬ƺոտʲôǲ˼顣
ħҲվһ
ħĴϣ˿ȴǿһˡ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲô顣
ʱ˻ؼǰ΢ʦһʷ꣬׽ʽʿ˾ɱҲ΢ʩչǿĽʽʿȻҲħ񾳸֣΢һ׽ʽ̫ұ޿ɱܣĿ
ɱЩħ֮ͻ
΢һ˲䣬΢о״ǻͷһûд̳ȥΪ΢ڴϵħȻ
һ΢ĿɿڴԾĻں档
ģ΢ϵһģһħ΢΢һЦ̧һץ΢Ǭеһͱȡ
ӻϾȻƮһӰ뵽ħħڡ
΢ǹ֣ȻóǻϾȻͼĴһƲлֻ꣬ǿЦԼȻһֱû˿΢ʵǻͼ֮ʵ̫ǿ
л壬һ΢꣬˵΢ʦı̿շͼɢ
΢ûüϧħһֱǷ˼顣
΢ʦܣҽ֪˷һƲлȻ壬ȴʱޣֻܳ˵üȻõͼʦеӣǵʦǱ̿ʦĪаʦħڣȥ磬Ѱٵ֮ʦûнħڷ󣬷˼ȫʧħңǲʵԶʦ꺦֮˱ǻƽԪھУһһƲлǻƽԪ֮ħȥѰҶʦԸǻƽԪӽħħִħڡѵħָ֮ħ˸Ҳ㷨ǰ·裬ҲʦǰУʦֲҲֻ˵زҲʦ㸣Ե㽫ĴҲл֮ͼ˴ʦ˵ЩĻᶼûУƽȥȥ֪˵Ǽ١
ħĪа˵κΣħҲ޵£Ǻͷһ㣬ġ
˵꣬һö׸΢ֳűħŵĶ˵ãɱħãøħжģڶħãɶ˵Ҳδǻ£ˣȥˣǺΪ֮
˵꣬ĪаӰһΣһʧ١
뿪֮Ѫħõ˸պó˽ż˹һĻ
Ƭ̣Ѫħõǰɱħúͺ˽ѯ龭ֻ˻ûн֮ǰǻ겻ᡣ
ʱħɽ⣬޴˶Ҿħһĸ֡
ֻƵУӰ죬ǳ֮Խɽͷֱӱ顣
㣬㣿ĪаôܻţյУƽԪľ֮дŨŨĿ־塣


İʮ ħ
ƽԪ걾ħ㣬㱾£Ϊû뵽㾹һͷİǣ㾿ǺкıƣħҲöʣұ㽫ɱһ˰ˣȻħħĪа
ǻƽԪħĲҽУԿͻȻӿһȷѪ꣬۽һ֪ħˡ
ߣƽԪȻ˴ʧһԱħһ̣ͼ޴Ӱٷ룬֮زز
ħƺ졣Ҳҿħ̳ػôͱɽˡ
ոյĶôħڵеħôܲܳգǵкܶ˶Īа֣Ǽ֡
ħˣ
ħˣħڸʲôƨħ͵ħڽɱ⡣
ħ꣬ɱǻƽԪ
Щħ޴УԼħֻ΢ۿԿĪаȫǿ֮ĩȻƴȫնɱһͷħ˻ƽԪҲΪֹˡ
Ʋ֮ϵĪа˿̾Ȼ飬һƲлʧ
ߵĲִ٣һ仰û£Ȼնɱһͷħͬʱ˻ƽԪĪа˵ҲǺȫ
˵ħڵĴΣʱôһ̯ͻȻԼ΢ҲЩӦӲϾе㲻֪롣
ͻȻ֮䣬ܳһʦ֣ҶԷֻ˵һ仰ͽħħλøԼ
Ҫ˵ԣԼλʦ˵ǵڶ˸˵һ
ҶԷոǵԼҲ˵Է֮ǰԣпġĪаĲлȴԪҪ˲֪ٸΣһֱڷͼУȻԼ޲˵ô꣬λĪаѹǿԼɳģֲ˵ô⡣Լأλʦѹһ֪ڣԷҲǳûȣһ΢̷
ʱ΢ǱѪħɫŹֵ߹ԼȥɽϣѪħõ̬ȣǴɱħúͺʲô
ûӣȹȥ
˿ټɽϣ΢һ㶣Ҳ̾Ϣһ
⻤ɽΪħڵȷǺľһ˿ݿ£ӦʱӦ֮ǰӦԻƽԪĽвƽңǰ˲д
ԼӦҪˡ
˻ɽ֮⣬ħڲдħ޼ȫڳȵ΢߹ͼǻɽͻȻ΢һݡ
²΢һ£Χٻ֪ôµħҲĿɿڴҪ֪ɽһѾϰˣûмϰħھѣٴ£ͲɽһΣħڵ¸صĻɽϲһħ˴
Ƿʲô£
ɽϣ򲻿ɡ΢æǰ˲֪ȴ֪λϾҪԪݽߣȻɽϵ˼΢ҲףȻĪаʱò˵λΪħھϹߣ΢Ǵĵﾴ塣
£μħɽ΢סǷһ΢£˵ǽʵʵ΢һ
һ£Χħըˡ
ɽϣ⣬⾿ô£
ϣΪνħΪħ
۷׷ףʱɽϸȳһྲħѽħ֮λħˣ˵ɣ
Ǳߺһͷ΢΢һҿ֤ҷĪаѾħħ֮λλ֡ħɱħõʱҲڳ޼٣ºμħ
˵꣬Ҳ˴
һ£ɲ˲ţʵλͷһһ󣬻ɽϲ˵ħڽһλħħԪϣںˣǸ˲ãħ֮ޣ˵Ļм٣
ɱħֵܣ⣬ģǱͭһ۾һţֱ˼˵Ѿˣɾò˼顣
ǣǧȷʱֵҲڳħ˱ħȻģħ֮뿪ʱ㽫ħ֮λħɱħõĻȷɡ
Ҫ˵˭пѣɱħòᣬһɱʮħǱľͨǲ˵ѡ
Ȼô˵ǶȻġ
һʱ˱죬Ȼевǰлɽϣк˺ɱħãǾǲҲóϡ
鶼ߵһ΢Ҳܻͷ˵ĪаȻԼʦ֣飬Լɡ
΢ȡһöħָϸ߸߾
һħָ޻ɣ׷׹񣬿ڳħΪħħָħָʹħ


İʮ 
ħħָȡϣڶħٲΥ棬ǹٲҲֻͬ
˿µħ޶ǶħĹ֮ˣ֮ǰͽڶʣʮˡ
ʮˣħȫս
΢һص㣬ȻһЩ鲢ԸȻѾߵһǾ͸ɴá
ͬڣ֮ǰѹûʲôħħǱĪаѼϼܣôȻħǾá
ʱɽͻȻ̾һز
΢һ֪ɽ޷֧ţˡڵħڿ˵Χħ޵֪ɽˣǾ㵣ֱӺޣɫȻ
Īаλħ˿ǲ֪٣Ҳ֪ɽ϶ˣħڻʲô
һħĸֶûУ´ǻƽԪٴӦУ㲻ǻƽԪħ֪ħûħǲ֪жɱҪӶħڵĵ̡
ǰ;谡
һ㣬дľ΢Ȼ֪ɽҪˣ΢пͬʱֻоһͷ
ϸħ̯ӣֱ޿ɾҩɽϲٻһħʱʲô׺ܶࡣ
ʵǿģѪħúˣ˵ʵǺ΢ԼҲ࣬ɱδ΢Ķ֣Ϳһô㣿
˵΢Ҳ֪Ѫħûһ磬ħãһλħ񾳽ĸ֣Ѫħ˵ˣǸħʧѾϰ꣬Ҳ֪ǻҲˣһжÿԼ
ɽ⣬֮Ȼ֮ܵ΢ħħ˼ɥ²ɴٴ죬ǲҪ֪
ԭܼ򵥣һЩж֪ħڵĻɽˣ̾ͻɱҲܲ죬ĻûӺͱ˽
΢Ͱħ߹ɥǰỤɽϣȴֻ̳У˷Բ׼͸¶ȥ֡
һЩȻϳħħﻹǲħ̯Ӹ鵽˭ͷϣ˭ݼǶſλħЦɼٰ커ɽϵɥ£дħڸħȻ࣬ʵ˹Ŀ࿴
΢Ҳһᵥ˺ɱħö˽ֻһ仰˵˭
仰΢ȻĿģʱĪаֱӽԼȻҲˣԸеҪеġȻ΢СԼǱʦֵӰһ仰ɱħ̹ɱħֻ֪ħ
һ仰̬ȣҲġ
Ҳ΢΢һЦǧĵĵūֻ֮ԣ˵ħħ
ˣ
΢ĻҿɱħúͺȻ֪Լ⣬ʱ֪Լɳɹ٣֪Ҳ˵
ΪԼħ֮λĪа׶ģĪаȻ֪ԼݣɼȻû˵ʲô˸¡
ȵ£΢ħ֮ڣȴԼħ֮֡
˵һ·ΣأͬʱҲ˸ˣԼڲһʱڣ
һħģ˷Ѫᡣ
ҪǣǵõʦĴУõˡ컯ʡ
ʵ֣Ҳ΢ŷֵģԴĪаµڼصʮַ࣬΢⼸նоģȥ֪˺ܶǰ֪顣
̿ʦҲħڡ
УҲ¼΢λʦǻƽԪĶһЩƽԪ
ǰƽԪͻԵɺϵİĪа£Ϊĵӣ˵ƽԪһ죬ǴĪаѧġѧħĪаȴΨûдʦ
ΪĪаܾûƽԪ⡣
Ȼѧ֮ĻƽԪǰͻȻĶʦĪаˣ˯
ĪаҲǳصģ˼ҿħħħȻǻƽԪ㾡ɹȴǱĪаʱĪаΪǻƽԪɱ˭϶ԷĪ⣬ȻûǾ
ڻƽԪĪа˽ȻҪȴԪӶ̫࣬ԽˣԽô˹ޱȡ
ʦĪаļҲкܶ࣬Ҳ΢˽ŵ;Уһ̿շͼĪаԻֻʦ̿һԶѣʱĪаܵشֻһлڻʱһħȡߣ¸棬⻭ۣȻǵԨ
˳΢ϰһԼʦҲһЩ̸֮΢к洦
£ħڵ΢ͷ۵ģ鷳Īûи򣬾ͬ޸ƮѰ΢Ҳд㡣


İʮһ 
ħĿյϣ밲ſڵϣ֮ǰжҺʹȥ߳ŭħħޣͬħΪȻһСħ裬ֱǿҪըˡ
ǼѾˣҲ֪Ǳ߲ǣֻܴ
΢˿߳ħ룬аôһͷͬħħڣֻҪ㶨ôħڣټԼ޲Ƥƣʮ֮ڣԱħڰȻ
ҲǶԵԼǱʦֵˡ
룬΢֪˺ܶࡣħǰ˰ǰ̿ʦħͬħһ飬ֻħҪһЩ
ʦ֮Ǵﵽʦ߾ͨĪаλﵽħǿ߶첻
Īа˵ϣֻб̿
˰ǰ̿жֲԨУǿħͰ׹ħȸĸԸĴ棬Ϊͱ̿Ǽֱ϶㡣
˵룬Ǳ֮̿ֻ֮̿粻֪٣Ϊħʵǿᣬ־ΪﵽħĵزҲֻĪаǿס
ħڤ̫񣬽ڤΧһ㶪ȴΪ֮̿᲻趨㣬ڤ㡣󣬻Īа潫ȻҲˣħħޡһֻĪаĻҼӲֱǺóĵ͡ʱһſſٰʮģħУҲ벻⣬Ǳ˼Ҹ㣬㶪
Ȼ˲֪ģֻлı̿ħħĪаԼ֪
Ҫֻܴһ֣˵ʵ΢Ҳ֪һ᲻ԼӣҪԣĿǰΨһָħֻˡ
Ϊ΢ճ֣Ͳˡ
ħʲôȻ֪ħѾħħѹûκξ⡣
΢ȻΪԶԷ˿ȴǺ޾ɫǴһλߵİȻ֮
Ȼ֪ħ񣿡΢˵һɲŭô˵΢ɹ٣ӰҲǿԻ˵ġ
һȻͬ΢ǰЦЦдŨŨмЦ΢һ仰˵ͿЦ
ãֹסЦͻȻһ͵΢ǰþ޴Դ޴ͫ΢һһƾ㣬ҲҸ񣬼ֱ޴ħ񾳶ǣңѾħ
ȷˣƺˣ˭ģҲûҾ˭΢Ц˵ΪԷӶ߳ŭǳ侲
ҵ˭˵˵һħɡ˵һ㶼ȷһı¡
Ҫ֪ħΪ
Ҿ˵ˣʦǱ̿Īаʦ֣˵˭΢ͷ룬˵ʮȷԷԽԼ˵ÿһֶȥ
˵ʲôȻǴһҪ˵Ψһη;µˣһǴı̿һĪа
ǰĴߣӵֵܵ˵׽Ǳ̿ĵӣΪҪߣԼľˣһǲ𡣿ھȻһԳǱ̿ӣĪаʦܵļһ
ģȷҲǣ¶ԷΪԶԷȴǡԼǡ͡
΢֪϶ţҲöѿֱ࣬ȡ컯ʣȾ˲ʱ䣬һŹֵĺâ
Ȼһʣ΢һʻȴǻɣһʱ侹ȻЩͷĿѣ΢סվٿǺ룬һâǼޱȣſһ㽫ǺâУ൱˷ܣҿ΢ĿҲż͡
ˣˣֻб̿ĪаŻ񷨣Ǻâϲٸһ뼤˵ȴ΢˾ͺã룬ʦ˵ħڣǿУƴػǴӦÿ궼һâӦղźâ³ȻжԶԶ
˿΢ʮ㣬Ӽ󣬻ˣһڳˣ΢治ңΪԷʦ˵ݡȻֻôһݣȻҵҲԷĻҪǼϸղǺâͲһˡ
Ǻâʦ컯ī洦΢׳ն˵ʵ΢¶Էһ֮Լ˭ػħڣ
֮ôΪס룬Ϊá
Ǻ뿼ãûеסǺâջ󣬳ֻħڣ
ԣ΢
ãҴӦˣ
΢˿


İʮ ֮
Ϊħħĺô֮һǺܶ鲻Ҫηηšͬ΢ҪϢɳǾҪǰ׺ܶࡣ
΢Ϊħĵʮ죬һħڵĵ΢΢֮󣬵һ۾Ϳ˶ԷüΪƴ˰΢⣬ȫ£Ȼħ޽̸
ħɳϸΪѾ֣ɳҲйְģչٽ˵ھƷɹ١
ģ΢һ䣬ϾҲֻ֪Լħݣ΢϶֪ԼΪħ֮һʱԼ
ǣҲû뵽Ϊħħרбְһ˵ױšħ޶΢ǼΪɳħ΢ĵλҪ̫࣬Ϲ٣ȻҪͽġ
΢ȡżһ֪ȷױд˵΢ѿغħڣɳҲǺ£ʵǰħڵʱɳϵ˵㲻ϺãҲǾˮˮҲ֪ʱͬգħڵӰǰ˵Ѿ޷ӰħźħǸħаôһӡ
֮⣬ϻ˵֮˽ºѾħԵʮ꣬Ϊ˻飬Ҷɳҳϣá
΢ģԪǱϣξٺɽǰȥûκ⣬΢Ҳľ̲סһ¡
ħҲһ꣬һܺʹԪǱκϵ˵ʵ΢Щǣҡ
˿΢ľߣ׶棬ҴԪǱҲȷ赣ʲôֻǿ£ȻǼΪԼ⼸ҲǾࡣ
ţ΢һͽһŻٵ̣ºǹֲһͣ
ԺߣǵСģ΢ҲȷҪһ֣ٿ԰ԼɳϢ
л࣡ºʮֶأ˵꣬¡
΢ҪһҪ飬Ǿ޲ƤƣػħڵħⶫķټϺħħڲݱ
Ȼ΢ҲúְԼ£κ鶼ףȻôԲʵϽƻޱȣֻӦħڣ¾ҪǲС
΢Ҳֻա
޲ƤҲһ֮΢ʱҲֻħڣȻ֮ǰѾȥԳǧ˴ħڣô˵ҲԼĵˡ

֮ңѵ˼֮
ʥԺ˿Ƕ溮ƮŶëһĴѩͨһᶳùǺǺѩƬϣֱͬһ㡣
˿һ˴Ƥ°һҩ糾͵ĸ˻һӡ
л¯ڣһվɫأǰ棬һߴߣһݡһŮ˿ȴ˫Ŀգͷͨ죬جΣüʱ滺ʱ壬Ȼżʹࡣ
ǰ鰸ϣһ׷ҽڤ˼롣
ʱ߽ſĴˣҩˡ
ãѦ̫ҽˣ̽ҩø׷ҽߣҲǲҵӹԵƬ̣ȥҩ
˵꣬ת뿪
һʱ䣬ֻʣߴԼϲصŮˡ
Ǭ֣ûҪ˫ֶŮҰʱ̾˿ŨŨ
ɣߴߣ˫үүǬ
ĴˣŮͻȻز⼸æǰæ͡ھ̫ҽԺļλ̫ҽ޲ߣֻˡǬ˿Ҳǲ࣬ȰĿһ۲֮ϵ˫ȴ絶ʡ
ӢһΪ˿̣ȴǶԼ۰Ůް취
֮ǰӵǧﴫ飬ɸдģ˵Ů˫ͻȻһ˯żҴҸҵ֮󣬲֪Բ飬Ů˫Ȼز𣬵Źֵǣǰǰ֪ٴиһЩҽûһϳ˫õʲô
ڼ䣬¶ǰ̽⵹ǬΪ⡣ϾҲ˹Ʒ˼ҽ±ֱǲʮǧȻ֪ΪԼŮͽн顣
Ȼ֪ȴ֪ԭ򣬽Ϊһˡ
ʱգΪˣѾмϣǶĽ£Żڰæǰ̽
νǰ̫ҽԺõ̫ҽʱΪæ뿪ȴѦ̫ҽ˫Ρ


İʮ ϵ
ո̫ҽѾҩҩҲץˣֻҩ֮ͿιֻܲЧ̫ҽҲұ֤
ֻԡ
ҩҪʱ䣬ǬһҲǰҹȻߣҲΪ㲻ϳͣΪټѸߣ˿Ѿ¶ƣ̬
ɼ״ЦһҲûȰǬȥϢ˾ƺ̾Ƶ󣬸ԵһȾơ
Ǭ˵ӹһ¡
ƺܲ⾩еһЩȨҲδܺȵõһС¶ǣǻȣǬɫҲǺ
ĴˣŮСڸգ϶ǹ鷳⼸ǶշˡǬ˵ֻ꣬ЦЦơ
ˣƣʺϺ½ӣٺһһѦ̫ҽҩø˫ι£ȥϢɡЦصոͻش󾳣ﵽС⣬ȻǱǬܰ
Ļ˼ϢĴˣ˵˵ʵ˫ĸߵ磬С͸ңѾ̸ۼ޵ͣȥ겻֪ýףһ˶ҿοˣֻ⺢ӾҲ˵֮ǰ̽ңҾͿ£֪֪ˣѹǬʮ˵һһʱ֮䲻֪˵
˫ӣȷǷ˼֪˫϶Ϊ¡Ȼ΢ͬǬ˵ڸգľǿΪ¶һ˯ѣ϶Ϊ顣
ǬҲƭ֪΢ĽģͨͨķСӣѾߵҪĴڣ˵΢ĿǰĵλΪ˫ǲ䡣
˫Ҳֻ֪ǵ˼˼ԭҲȰģ˫ǬȻɱԵ֣˫ȷˣֻˡ
һȻˣǬǴŭֻʲôĪ˲Ը˵Ҽ˫
⣬ֻ˵ڲ䣡ʱֻܿЦ
ߣǬһʲôˣôųҼһ˻ľλǻӻҶá
ҡͷλǱʲôӻﶼҪ˻ʱ£Ҳλ˵ʵ˫΢ȷ΢֮Ůˡ
΢ٶȣ΢ȻҪɾ֤ˣܺϵΪɣĹλѾǰƷɹ٣ܳ嵽ʲôΣƷƷ
ʱ򣬵λѾǵͬʥһ֪֮Ů
Ǭһ߷֮ɫ֣֪Ϊν¶ǰ̽𣿡
ǬҡͷȻʵĪ˫֮ǽ£
ҡͷЦˣǵǼˣ㣬֮ΪңΪ˫ǿ˵ϡ
˭ΣǬҲһɫɵý¶ӵˣǵ֮
ʱʵ֣֪΢
΢
Ǭһ㶣ϾǵٵģҲЩϢԴĪǣǸ΢һģҲô׶
ְϢϻˣ㣬΢ɲô򵥣˵ѾǰƷɻû˵꣬ǬƷͬͬƷ˹٣Ҳûʲô˲𡣡
ɿЦһһ޿κΣ֣Ұѻ˵갡΢Ͳˣɳ֮٣ְɳħ˾˰Ʒɹ٣פ˽籱ɽٰؽ
۵
ǬľƱڵأͷ۾Ŀࡣ
Ʒɹ٣
ĸͬĵףԴϣǬð춼ûлع˵Щ˹˵ɹٶǸ߸ϣǾƷɹ٣ҲǸʲϵĴڣοǰƷ
ɳħ˾ʲôط
ǾԵûˢӣôܽɳš
Ǭ촽һ£ɣðŵ⣬ǵ棿˫ϲǸ΢
ǧȷ֣֪˫زȻ޹أ֮ǰɫҲʲôĽᣬΪ΢Ͳˣܵȵڵģ£Ҳɹֵ΢ͷϣϾڽˡ˵꣬Ǭϸһ룬Ҳǵͷ̾ϢһŮôǸˣ˵ҵĹŮ˻֮Ůһδ˼ҷ۰


İʮ 
Ѧ̫ҽҩҲûá
Ѧ̫ҽ˫ɫأվһԣǬǼǰ̽
ʱ򣬽طϢȻҲ˹
ôˣ֮񣬾⼸ĥطѾ֮ϣĻӣ˵⣬ڿ϶Ὣ˻֮λøλ
Ѧ̫ҽæǰȻһεؽ£ΪŹ֣ҩ֮Ҳ˿ת¹ҽʵΪ
üͷһ壬Ҳ֪Ҳܹ̫ҽֻܵѦ̫ҽˡ
¹ٸǣѦ̫ҽҲ֪ûʲôôһ¡
˿˫Ϣ΢˾Ĳѣƫƫûа취Ͼ̫ҽˣãʲôӣ
Ǭݼ£¹񷱶࣬ͷǰʵǬȻģǻҪģ˵ŮȻҪﾴ⡣
Ҫ˫ҲǺѣ˷ܲϧǼһﲻڣڣȻзӾ˫ҲЩżǼ
ĻɺǬˣȻҲ֪˵ġǼһ˭
ò˵Ͷҽºް취£ǬԼŮ仰۾һȻзӿԾŮΪβȥλ
һ۾һ룬һελѾǽȣҴ˿Ӧ֮ıɽְ֪֪ˣҲδܸϻɳְأ
Ҳǵ˵ͷȷˣҸոҲԼ룬ǼһȻֶζ࣬ƫƫҽҲδضá˵ɳҽԺɹٶ֤ҽˣÿһл֮ҽûӣҽУһλҽȻԾ˫
һɺǬǼѣǬû·ʱָֻɺͽط
ɱϾʥһЩ¾߳ȥ취طҲһ뿪˻֮ӣͬЩ·
ֻǬ̾
һ̽˫ǬȥһһԼŮŮģҲʮüдһ˿
˫ͬز̽Ůżˣﶼ˲֥ҩģٿţһǼ
˸ˣŮ󻹸żߣ⼸ϴŲҩҷһҽˡ
Ȼͬ̽ǬȻǲ˫Ǳò˽ӴŮ˴ǰ迴
̸֪Ů欣ҲʥԺѧ
Ǭ֪欣˫ǰͺ欼ãʥϵԱʥԺ˫Ǿϵ˵˫˳ΪʥԺһŮҲ˾˫ͻ
Ǭɫ΢вãҲ˵ϾԷ̽ģǳȻǲʧ̬ϱû֮ǰǰС
ȻҲó˿̰ȻһЦүү˫о֮ͬѧѻҲ侮ʯ֮ˣҴҩģҽȵļλҽǰΣȴǺ⡣
欵ȷǺ⣬ȻҲ˼ͬΪʥԺѧĲһֱ˫ѹţȻҪʤ˫֮ǰ˵̫ҽԺѦ̫ҽ˫ĲΪҲнһĸ˫Ƿͷһ£һ°˫زǱԼȻģԺԼ
룬Ҳ˾˷ܡ
ǬʲôҲڹٳ켣õˣһ۾Ϳ欵ͷвϲֻҪܾĻȴ˵ȥ
ԭܼ򵥣ڵȷûˣһ欴ܾȻ˫أ
ԼǸߣǺԼŮ
ƺ׼˶ԷܾԼġ⡯ҪĶܼ򵥣Ǿһ°˫ͷǷԼ顣
ʱѹôԼ
ԼܾܲȻ˫欵ǲģ⼸˿ǡҽȡˣҽߣν̫ҽǱͬµĳҽһǶΪ˫ûˣʱԼҲ御
Ǭԥ欲ͷүү֪ɴѾұҽ̫ҽԺҽˣβ˫ĲӦѾֶþȻ˵ҵԡ
ǬȻΪ˽´ԼŮ𣬿ɱϾ´ҪӦʱͻȻ


İʮ ٹҹ
˻ʾȻһءء֮ĶٻھҲΪ֮֮һħָڴ˵Ұ
ԣİպмġ
ǾôһХѩ׷ɵҹྩվò˼ָоޱȵ顣
ĲոѺһصɱӷؾţ캮ضһ·Ҳƣ䣬·һľһÿţþϰ̼ƽⷦ
̺ܿˣȸһȾů
磬β°Ϲٿûٿ佱ǣǮҪٸţ¾ƣһСЦʵ
УǸˣǾ;ܱҲ󷽣̽ϰжţо⣬ʮ⡣
ȥһС򼱣ܳȥˮֻȥ˰첻
ģСĪΪҪˣ˰ɡһСЦҲһ䣺ǵϢȥСӸҾ
ǲһЦܳȥһһҺҲߣһ룬ץϵĳ棬һ۾ͿͷһܳȥСѩոܳȥṈ̀ڵϣָһطͬɵһ㡣˳ŶԷָķһ亹ֱ¾ȫˡ
ԶֻһӰ߹һǹɭɭ¶ҲࡣһӦװŪֻϸһŵðЩӰһֲ˵ȫƮŵģһϣǹֱǰٹҹС
ǰµĹ죬еģ˵ǧٹ֡ǵģ˿оȶתˡ֪ˣСӿ϶ֱӱιȥģֲòء
ǰһģһĻŵ۴УľȾܡ
ЩӰһ̾ʧ٣ܿЩнķ򣬺ȻǾڣʥԺķ
ǬʮƣţΪûͨˣģֻ
ô˵ţҪӦǬǰšʱ欴ϵһС˿޷Զ
ɫһ䣬һ䱸Сģй
һСһҲоʾ֮ãй￿Ҳ춯
ȷһ˿ߣ֪ĶĹȻܵҰҽҲͳ֮һ˻֮ʥѧԺв֪ĹǰǾͽֱɱһҽȵҽʿ˿̼ΪԸ˵޵ҽҲһЩԸһЩͨĹȻڻ¡
ʱǬѾŴ򿪣ǿⲻԺǼ˸ֹһ㣬ûһҲаʮ
ǬҲʿѪԣô󣬺ټ˿һȻŵĺһ
ҲĹһҲǾ˵ǼҽȵҽʿտʼһɫԸЩɭɭǿޱȵĹˡ
ǲɵܿʲôʲôʣЩ֡
һȺܵҽȣҲɸΣա
ΪЩУмϢΪǿᣬҲӦǹ硣
һ뵽磬Ǿͻ£ûˡ
ҲŵĹǺȻҲһļƣȻϵͣȴһ·
ʱһһ£ƣȻģªȴһֺЦݵĹ߹ʣ˫ס˰ɣ
Ǭʶ˵ͷҪ֪ԼߣѪǿᣬѰﶼҿᱻѪɢ
Ǵ˿̣ǰ¹ȻֻоԼǿѪȻбļ˵ＫΪٲƥеġ
ǹһǬͷֵ˶ƷѲι٣屧Ŷҽҽ֮Ĺʿ˷ͬΪεġ
񣬸һϢ˵û
⣬λ٣¹ǬˣǬҲһ񣬶ԷǰƷ٣Ʒ˹ˣǰĹλߡ
ԭүӣҵҵ²˳٣ﲡҪΪΰɡ˵꣬ʮ޻磬С


İʮ ҽ
ʮ޽ӣԭﻹޱȣҸоõҽǼĶһԡ
ͼʮһƲǹȴһȻĸоʣЩеĸй
ʱҽǱһҽͻȻЩеһɻ̲ס̽Եǰһλǰǹҽ䣬ǰ
ǹҲһͨͷģȻòϵĹŪһ˿ˣŤͷǻĳǺˣ
ҽһǼĻƺǼ˶ô˲õĴǫ˿̣ǰһͷͰݡ
ʦϣܵһݣҽֱӿͷŪĿɿڴܿ죬ҽ޲ŵԭίʦ棬ӵҵʦˣʦʮǰҽΪҲʦҽȣʦֹһκ͵ʦ飬һҽ죬ǻʦڡ
ǱߵĹͷ˵ͷԭĵӣһʦҲܵãֻҲûнΪӣ㻹ɡ
˵һӣһƾն𣬽ҽ
һ粢ûвΧ⻪жˡ
һŪĿɿڴǬԲ˵Ǹ˰û뵽һ޾Ȼͷôҽȵ˶Ҫͷʦ棬ǲʣ¿϶Ҫҽȵ˻Ҫ
ǱԽԽãԼŮоȡ
ҽǱߵˣҲһոյҽڹеĵλҽͣûһܱȵϣȻҲǲΡҲƣС㲻˵⻼С㲢ûʲôɽ̣һȫô£СĿɽǱСĻҪ󣬲Ȼôöλǰ
Ҳôġ
˿һףһ죬о涼ˣҲǺģҪ˫ﻹǽžҪ˫İǷԼһ飬˫ҲǻԲλࡣ
û뵽ԷȻ䣬Ҳǹªţ˵λǰҽңֻڰǰһλ˻ˣĻǽ磬ҲܵӣΪĳŵϱλܸߡ
˭뵽Ȼܱ뵽
ô˭ġ
ҧ촽кܲҪԷΪʲô뵽ͻȻʵǰˣҲ˫ĺѣȴ֪Ȼϵûǰ
ǻȻƢܺãϾ޵ҽǳ˹ޣҲûô䡣欵ĻһЦಢʶС㣬ֻѲ֢ԼҪġ
ʲô
˾λǲ
ҽȵļҽĿɿڴλС㾿ʲôͷȻλǰԼϸƲ
Ҫ֪Թ⡮ҽ룬ǿ϶ԼģǹءΪλǰԼء
ѰζѰζ
ǸоȵĲʥϵ֮ˣʥһ˵˭ҪռҵӣǷڣ˻ʶҪοʡ
ռңҲûȱºʸ⻪Լܹ˵ռң˻ʱҲǺ
̲סԹԣҽҩǹأΪλǰ᲻
ҲǼˣ̫棬ʵҪ֪Ϊʲô⻰ʵֱӣ˭еĲһ˿ʣȻǬҲһ㣬ԼȻҲǴŴ󻧣˼ңѰǿ˺ܶ࣬ҲԲûԼϸ
涨ȻйŹ֡
ͻȻ֮䣬Ǭ뵽һֿܣĪΪǸˣǸ΢
Ҳк棬һʱֱǲ²죬ҪѿڶʱѾҹϿգͻȻǽֹ֣һ˿лµ˽١
ǰٹҹУ˽٣˶ã϶ʲô·ˡ
סھĳĻأʹеڣӲˣ˿̶ˡ
˲ʱ䣬ɳһ⣬ֱʥԺڸԶһطһ˼ҲǷٸ
ʹ֮һСԺ̫ƽеĽ⣬૵Ǽһӵ󡣡
ս֣󼸸ӰŽ£ԺӵС
ԺԭڶҲΪ⣬ЩҲһʮ㣬¶ԷΪǶţйһĸ
ˣеĹǵУ˵⼸λģӦöɹ١
Ӱ֮󣬴ͷһһ΢΢һЦȻ߽ӡ


İʮ ǲ
ǬĶƣļһͲǷˣ壬Ȼһʱ֮䲻֪˵Щʲô
欺ҽȵ˸⼸˽֮ʶ˵ǽǣҪΪſڱ˶סǹ͵͵˳ȥ
Ѿȫˡ
һȺͷܴĹʿ֮˽٣ʥԺҲûз顣
⶯˵ԺĴ壬ˡ
λ˫˺ǺһЦǿʣһλ˾֡
Ǭ˶ȴû˵ָָ齡̻⣬Ҫǰȴһۿޣһ㶣ΪԾ֣Ҳˣ
ȻΪֻǹǹɣƺһ㶼λˣ෴Ϊͷ
û뵽ҽԺҲ֣½ԪôˣҿҽҲûʲôԼ֮嶼ԼβԼü˵һҲһ֣㡭㾹ȻԿҵĪĲҽ䣿
ǰɣܲҽ䣬Ҳһˣдһƪ޽֮һܴеõ˵֮ġ˵½ԪһȻ𾴣Ż乪һ
Ҳûоܾ־Ҫ½ԪߣҽɵһΪ
ֹȻţ˷֤ɹɣȻԳԽҡ½ԪǳϿҵ˵һ˿
Ǳ߻һЦ½Ԫ½Ԫ㻹ô飬ҪҰֱ˵ΪλҪĨǵĳңˣΪεģȻˣҲһ㰡֪λִǰ;רͽᣬ׸Ƶëʲôʱܸĸģ
½ԪҲˣȻֻαɣҲˣǾƷҽɹ٣˿̱䵱ѵȻвҲǲҷϾԷȻû֤ҽѾܶ࣬ϵҪ⻪Ρ
ֻ΢΢һЦ˳ŶԷǣΪ˸ΣȰ°ɡ
ʱͬʱ⣬ʱ򻤹ظ˹أһλ˾Ҳˡ
λ̬ӣһҲǻ˺ܾˡΪһʮׯصĹٷˡ
ɳʮ˹ƹȫģȻǸ˻ʣ˻Լĳ͢˹١
֮⣬ֱһˡ
ˣ˵һһмְ֮ΪɳֱӹϽƽʱǲ棬һ棬϶Ǵ¡
ǻأҲжûмˡ
˿˼ͬʱǰ񣺡¹أˡ
˰ڰ֣ʾⲻöȻǵǰһȥ
ϲޱȣǻԺ֤ɣпܽԷλãΪˡ
ڴ֮ǰܽʶһЩɳɹ٣ǶԺ;Ǻаġǵͷ
ӣ˵һǿ䣬Ҳһ㶣æǰҽ벻Ҳ
Դ֣߶ŰҲΪ
һǼˣһʱ䲻ԣʱպҲϵ˫΢һ룬ͽеˡ
͵͵˴ȥ
һҲΪĿ˫ŮȻǺλǰɳٷ粨΢йϵֲûôˡ
Щ޾Ͳ˵ˣ΢ҵģҾ˵Ͷĳǵ޽¹ϵܺãǰƨֻǻҽɲһޣľ׸ƣ΢ǷͷʢҲӦý
е벻ס½ԪЩҽԺɹ٣ҲЩĪ΢ҽԺƺҲǰ˸ӴŰôЩɹҲԼѵ΢棿
˵΢Լ֪ŵͿɽ
ҲЩ飬ҲΪֳ˴󶯾ŸϹѶѣ飬ºʡ
ǱλﲡҪֻո֣һԿžͺá
˵꣬˵һߣֳϣҲѾǲ岻죬ڳģһǴ˵еҽ䣬Ȼ粻ߣλߵסҽԺɹ٣ˣһƹƷܸߣɹƷ߲ãһƷɹ٣ȫ˹һƷ
»½ԪλҽߵˣڿʼΪ˫ﲡ
ѾǬȻ̫ףֻҪκŮĲǲҪġ
УºҲˣЩУʮǵѡ档
ã½Ԫ˫˻࿴һۣһɻ
ˣû


İʮ 
û
ȷûв
ҽֶȺϣȻ˴һ˫Ȼû
ûΪλô죿ҿȥʮʹࡣ
Ǭʱ̲סλˣŮǵزԴôûв
ʱһҽȵ̵үӣ㲻˵λҽ̩ɽôܻƭ㣬Ȼλô˵ˣǿ϶û
ǰ統Уҽ˵ûǿ϶ûҿ϶Ǽ࣬վһҲ
ǬȻţֻԼģǾⶨȻ޲ߣű˸Լ
˶ˣô˵û
½Ԫ˿ҲЩ֪Ȼ˫޼ȴ˵Ȼˣֻһ㿴䡣
ҽ˵ʵȻҪ
˿ź룬Ȼһ˶ǹмӣôһ˼ﰲš
һŵСȷûм֮Ի˯УҿΪԭ򣬶Ҹոҽ̽ڣȴǷһɼΪ֮ûжϴСת˷Ҫͨˡ
һԳþ
⻰Ǳ˵ģȻţɻ䲻ͨˣԽ֪ˣԽ֪ҽҽΪ̫ҽǾþòԸ֤ǰѾˡ
Ȼ˿϶˵ⷬǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ЩŻĹ޵һʱϲЦտ׷׳˵Ǭϲ˭֪ɭתͨĺ£ʣ˫Ҫһɳģڲϲʱϲ
½ԪҲǷӦһϲ
תǿɲ򵥣Ȼ֪һλ飬޵ת֮鶼˭֪·ˡ֮ǰΪ΢ڣǶҹмӣҪץסύãϾڲãʲôʱ򽻺ã
˺ͻҲǾޱȣǺܿЦˣЦʮֿġԭܼ򵥣ģܾΪת飬ǿǴ£Ĺ˶м洦
ҲǰϲûпŪȻܣǻ˵ģǾû
һĿɿڴϸ˵ʲô飬־ȣмʺͲʡ
ֻû
ʱҲ˽Ͼ˻֮ӣп˻ʣȻҲ˵ʸ񣬶ȻλΪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳʥ
һʱޱȡ
ˣתǲ岻ֵģҲֻΪ˻΢һ飬Ȼ£иǣʱ˵
һҲһ㶣һ˵ԭҽҲǿִ˵ϣִǰһӣʵ⡣
һԭˣֲûҲԭΪǷ΢һ顣
½ԪʱҲִɳĸ˵ĺ֪زҽ޷ҽΣҵҽԺɹǰΣû뵽ǰҲˡˣҲͻȥˡ
˵Ļ˾Ⱥ𾪣ô½ԪĻһףԴΣһʱ侹Ȼ˿
ĸ
Ҳһ٣˵ˡ˺ض뵹һоָЩ
ĸʲôڣǿǾסɽĴɣһ˿Ǹ߸ϣɴĴڣȻΪ΢ҽԺɹ·ﲡ
ֱǻþˣʲô¶ܼ飬ֱ붼롣
΢ʲôʱĸ֦
˵ʵ½ԪЩ˶ûףǵ֪΢ҩɽٵʱļ޽ȷǳΪĸعĪΪһϵ
ɣϲ飬ҲҴĦⲻ֪¶ĸ˵ֻ飬˵ĸһλŮ
˲ףΪĸء
ǱߣǬͷڷɣ죬ȻҪһЩҲ˵欣ͬʱȴ΢΢֪ǵŴǸˣʥԺʫϣ˫һľƾʲôƾʲô˫ܽʶӢҲģòѧʶһ˫ȻԺ΢ãΪʲôԣ
뵽ǾȻǷһ˿ЦݣȻתߡ
¹գ˫Ȼͬ˹֮ƺȻͬɾȻϸܵһǿʥ⡣
֮ĵ죬˫дһƪ£֡
ǣ˫
һƪд꣬ʥƣͥ


İʮ ٻ
ħ̳
ħ֮ڣ΢λϣһš棬ºǶȿ΢ֻܿϵĹߣ飬һּǿѹ
ºипλִ˲򵥰һǰλִ˵Ϊǿ⣬ɿڣԼ󾳵Ϊλǰѹһķ֮⡣
ֱºҪ΢һжŲ
ִȻû֤ʵѾǴﵽһ
ⲻº²ģۼλִ˾ǰգħŵһȺħ޶ǽһλħ񾳸նɱ
ħŵΪڵħӣ۸ԴħĻƽԪһʵϣħħ٣ֻλһֻһǱѹţûֵô
ħʧħޣΪħڵɽƤƣֻߡ
֮ǰͻƽԪһսټһλħţħҪĺԽԽߣ˭֪ħħħħҲԽ
˶ΪħҪʲôʱ򣬽ȴħڷɽϢ
ǵģ΢ɽκ˲óħڣ΢ʦ˰ƤƵˣħҲһ㣬ʦе΢ȴǿԡ
΢ΪƽԪưոݣ϶ֻǣȥһ£ƽԪûκζɳȥħ̽Ҳû̽鵽˿Ȼȥһ糣΢˽ǸƽԪԷ϶ļƻͷ·Ƿǰһ㡣
ʱºڵš
˵΢֮ڸϻرɽĹؿУԭûд΢֪ⶨȻʮ𼱣ڵԸ񣬾Բáءִ
˼Ƭ̣΢ȸϻرɽ
ħߣѾ׵ʱԼԻѳƱչأΪħһαչ꣬ʮ궼пܣ΢еʱ顣
úţ˭ܽ
΢׼ԼġºԼڻӦò⡣
΢ȥţ׵׼͵͵ߵʱȴ˺ˡ
ȻⲻרԼ
Ҫ˵ħ˭ѶԸˣ΢֪ĪаķˣΪħ֮ϣӦѾӽħ񾳡
Ƚɱħû֪Լ˭΢Կ϶λ˶ȻѾ³Լ˭
΢ĶԷҴԼΪԼħλӣʦĪа׶ģΪĪаķˣȻԼΪС
ħ˷ȥöòܻʵ
΢뵽Էħڵݺ͵λ֪գꡣ
ãħǰ˴ӻȡһƬ򣬶΢΢ȡһʵʲô
ħڵħħű䣬ħ÷ģⶫϰ꣬һζûпħɶмôӦÿħľ硣˵꣬תߡ
΢˼λ֪ԼݣҲ֪ԼʱǻزڰԼϾʱԼ֮϶ҪأǲչֳһЩħǱյʲôأ
ԼߺҲæӦħڡ
΢ûԥպã͵͵뿪ħڣȻħûûҹʱŵ˱ɽ
΢ڵı£͵͵Ǳɽϲѡɽһؿ˵ǻ˽ħĹؼ㡣
һؿǰĳ΢ԱһֵһҵһģȻȡԱ߿ʼ
һȻһ˳
һ澹Ȼһ佫ٷ·ΣӦоС佫ٷش˴ؽС
΢ɻޱȣطźṩģطùһԺԺǷˡǰУﻹһš
д΢Ϲٷ̻˽Ĺؿģڡ
΢Ҳûԥ̽ħһͷ£Ȼһ׹ٷҡһ䣬ոħɭɭħѾǳһλɳɹ١
ħĶպã΢룬Ŀħת˲ʱ䣬ħ״̬лָɵʿ
֮΢Ŵֱ߳ǰؿȥ
һξʱ򣬾ͼϮʮżУֱֳľ֣Щɵּãڿ΢֮һ㶣Ȼæǰ
²μִˣ


İʮ ɱ
΢ʶЩ䣬ЩȻϵ΢
΢ͷǻӦ
ʱһִˣѲνɽȥʮ죬һλɳϹѾüգˣǲǡ
΢³˭ڵԼˣµȻɳϹǰȻӦȥݼǴҹȥ
ЩǰͷһȺ˺ƺƵĽ˽ɽؿ
۹سǽߴɣнʿפأʮ˹ľ񣬱ϾǺħĽҪرء
ˣ۹֮ڣ߾ʿҲʤ˺һ򣬷ֵܵħаħޣ
΢ǰƷؽλͣһ·֮˴פ񣬵ȻҲΪʿ͹Ա΢ؽ֮Աǣ΢Ҳ⡣
΢صĸۡʮ뿪ҲǴ·Ȼͷһ΢治֪ԼסĶ
ȻȲһЩǣƷɹٵĸۡҲҲԺӣʮּӡȻΪɹ٣Ҳūźճӵģ΢սԺӣһǰ񣺡˻ˡ
΢ϵöԷҲֻǵͷȻʵң
شˣɳϹѾȺ˶աͼæ
ȥ΢Ըһ䣬߽ȥߵ΢һ۾Ϳһ۵ڡ

֮ڣ£ֻ΢ڶˡ
û˵ֻȴ΢Ƭ̣ŵãܺãҹȻûѡˡ΢һʱֵزʼδģ˵ʵһʼΪħˣϾɵУĿڲһʱĿһܵħħıڿҶˡ
΢΢΢һЦŰݼڡ
Էոձֳľ΢ܲ΢ħģΪҲԼĵסֳĽ䱸΢Ҳ⣬ϾԼħһ꣬ƵɳϸвپܲסħջĶħҲв٣ԼҲỳɡ
΢˷ҽٻأΪ£һħйأɳշǰһɵţ½˶Ϊ£ҲŭˣշѾɱֻշٹ죬ƮħҲħ˲֣£Ҵ㽻㣬ħҲ뷨ɱշ壬ΪɳһЩ档ڵڶ£ȴΪգĸŮǰοפؽʿҵҪ㣬µʱǷӦֻܽлЦȻ֪΢һɽĸŮ֮ף˵Ϊһϵ΢ɳӰѾ൱¡
ǰӣ飬λ᲻֪Ȼ΢ѹ֪Ҳû룬˵΢ڵӰ
֪У΢Ҳ˴
΢һĸ۶΢⣬ɱշ壬²Ѱ졣
΢շйܶνӴ˵շҲ൱˽ˡ˲ΪҲսթаҪɱѶȼ󡣾ͿΪѵӣ֪²ð죬Ͼշ岻ɵȥɱβ׽Էټѵ㣬շ߻иֻһпܾͻħħ
Ȼ΢Ҳɳһĸ޲ߣ˵ֶжǿ΢ǼģշٺãиֻҪɱҲԿ
Ϊʲô˲֣϶ԭ򣬾΢֪Ǿ˺ħһģǲ׼򣬷Ȼħս
ʱħ϶Ϳ̿
Щ飬ֻǵµȥ죬ȻǴ㽫½Լ
ǿ΢ɻһ߶͵ıң¿϶ܽˣξٺɽΪǸߣǿշŲӵȥɱҲ¸㣬ڴ֮ǰѾɳĴ̿ȥɱշ壬ˣ˾硣
˵ɫЩȻĻû˵΢µõȥɱշˣûһ
շ⹷ΪթӲ涷ҽ䱸ļǿҪԸѶȼ󣬲ȥӦüʤ㡣ʱ˵֪ѾǷ磬նɱħħޣҪ˵ƻշҲδĶ֡
΢һΪΣ˵ԼշǹҪսթӦþ˼



İʮһ 
΢ɱշ壬ҪɳɹٵݣΪϤħ򣬶ҲȺɽǴҲɣҲŰ񽻸㡣סǴħ˾ҲҪ֪ħ˾⣬ɳҲҪɱշ壬ΣշǼŭɳɣϣ⹦ħ˾˵꣬΢˼
΢շвɻĳԹȻˣԵǲƴǡ
ǣ¶΢һڹһЦұȻȥˣգҲɳ;ǰˣмӦû֪ǹھСġ
£ڽ˫齲һ飬̿νޱȣ˫صʱ΢Ҳͷһ뵽ǸڸգԼһƬŮ
粻ٹ˵֮ȥæҽҲ棬΢ҲΪ⡣
Щ޻пԭҽӦòӰɣ΢֮ԼλȻͣﲻЩҽͽֺõĵز
Ǹҽ΢һҲ˵ģĸˣҽλߣһʱ򣬻ҽʮ֤֮˹ɣޣδö
ȻҲȥ˫βʵǲ˼顣
Ե֮΢ҲǾҽȻΪԼǰһƪ޽֮æ
Ȼ޽֮ҽܴ󣬶Щҽ٣ȴΪԼĸȥͽֺá
Լ£ԼԼĸֻһýˡ
˫ΪвΪת΢֪Ǻǻ
Ѿ˵˫죬дһƬ֤£һ֤ɾɣѾǽʥԺŮʥ£ڶһпͲţҪ֪Ҫ֤ɣף˵ǳΪʥ֮ˡ
΢ҲǾޱȣܶڶԺֻԼ˫ˡ
ڣ΢Բ²⣬˵УȻԼǸɽɽһҲнûмϸһ룬ȴǸо󣬵ԼҩɽʱҪСĽڣԼ磬Ϊ޵ɵȻû֤ɣҲѾһҪǿܶࡣ
ɸ֣΢Ҳûһǰ־ִ٣ޱȣһ΢֤ɣǺε
⼸պܿȥ΢Ҳʼħű䣬Ķħħ֮ڵֻ֮ħʸ΢ʼѣҪħҲԲǶ̶̼ɵģ˵ԼʦĪаҲֻħ߱䣬ʱ䡣
ĪаʺǾһҪôã΢ȻҲһ޳ɡ
΢ħűңһȽϣЩطڻͨǺ¡
΢ͻȻоʲô۾򴰿ڡԿԶͻȻӿֳһɹɴĿ⣬ǲƷһɹ֮
ˣ
΢װٷȻӭӡ
ɽؿ䣬Ҳ˽ٵһʱ䶼Ǽޱȡ˵˷οʱ䣬ĸŮǰеҲɹ٣ɽҩַй͵Ľ䣬Ȼ˶зݣչһϣ
ɳ쳯˵ʩչսء֮ɷʱȻԹΪǿǡ
ɽؿ΢ƷɹǹְߵǼˣ˿Ҫվǰ棬ӭ̨ѾûԼλá
Σ΢ֻվһλá
ؽְһʱĬĬţƽѹţǱһЩͬſǾûиλӡ
ǹΪ֮
ͼһ£ԿվˣһŻһЩŮɣòһڱ俴Ǽޱȡ
ɽر򳼣ЯɽڽʿӭɳλϹٽ٣ӭ̨ϣһ佫׳ӭɡ
佫ǽɽر򳼣Ʒɹ٣ΪʵǿᣬҲǴ˴߹ְʵȨ΢ٽȣҪǿ̫ࡣ
ڱһɹ٣ڶ˹٣˿̶һװҪɳϹºӡ
ӵһµ˵У΢һ۾Ϳڡڴ˿Ҳׯ£Ʒɹ٣Ϊħ˾٣ȻǵλȻ΢ҲԼǸɽ
˵Ů֮λҲһЩĸѾŮ֮ףΣĸǰοؽɽصڶཫʿ



İʮ ͵
Ϊߣﲻɾ磬ĸԾħ˾Ʒ٣Ҳֻվ
΢һ۾ͿǰǷ绪֮⣬һϡ˿߲£ͷüĴһӡӡϵŽ֮ĸʹ͸ӡӡڣʹĸϡ֮⣬߻ŮɻƼ
ϤԸ΢ȴǾúЦԼλ˿̵ģʵϣȴһƽ׽˵ŮɣǶԼǳá
ʱ򣬽ɽرѾӭǰȥһۿͷλŮɶͷϵӡǻһֱͷͰݡ
ڶཫʿҲһ£ȻΪǸӦͷöӡķǴĸӡ֣ĸ٣Ҳ
ӡͬзһ㡣
ȻһЦɽĽʿǣĸŮ֮طĸɳǰοعؽʿλʿع࣬ħħͷɱ˽˹֮¡
±򳼵˼ѣȻĸû٣˼ҼȻ˽⻰ǵĹͣܲ
лĸ򳼵ٰݡ
֮󣬲ĻԵɹ٣ȻҲѡҪΪߣλߵܡ
ܵħ˾ڵʱڽʿҲһ˭֪ǵĶͷ˾θҲ
߽ˣ򳼱㿪ʼعص佫͹ԱʱһС
Ϊ߹λǰƷɹ٣ɽƷɹٶ֮׼һԱʱͻȻüͷһ壬򳼺εɫѯʵӣʲôԸ
ҡҡͷû˵ֻ¿һۣʱ·𿴵ʲôɫࡣǱ򳼲ԣҲֻܼܡ
ȶ֮󣬱ӭЩɹǰȥ׼ϯλɹ١
ò˵ºܵ壬˵׼׵ȻдɹٵϯܸߣõϺõʳģкܶɽز
λˣ˴ƫƧûʲôöһЩֲ赭λ˲ҪǽԼȼĴ뵽Ȼչλλ
һߣ΢ҲҪŽſڵʱȴǱ佫
ִ佫ΪҲ򵥣һһǺ浤֡
˵ʵ΢ʶˣֻǵ̬Ȼơ
λ£΢һ䣬¶֮ɫִԴΣҲһˣƽﶼڸ¶ĴֻôΣħͽɽسǲϤ˷ɳλǰȻħͽɽسǵ飬һʵˣ˲֪Ҳ鷳˾ƫϯɺãҲǱϴ˵˼
΢ɵˣżԼ
ϸһҲˣԼؽһְҴ󲿷ʱ䶼¶棬ʱɳڶȹ϶һ¶ĻᣬȻԸԼְȥ¶ͷȻҲпԼǶ
΢ҲνƫҲɹ٣ûʲôƫƫɣԼҲں
뵽΢ͷ佫һ΢ȻӦˣҲΪ⣬ǻΪ΢߳ŭãǲҲˣ΢ӡ󷴵Ǻ˺ܶࡣ
ִͨã룡佫漴΢ƫҲңϾǵĹְߣҲֻƫ
ƫֻͨλƫһ㣬Ҳûʲô
ǱһԲϣѾ뼸λΪɹϵɫӸղſʼǹһ˿Īɨһһϵɹ٣лмǾƷɹ٣˿̶ΣǽţϾһˣλǸ̫ࡣ
ڱ򳼴ʱͻȻϴˣǵؽΪû
һʵʮͻȻܶ˶ûзӦҲһŷӦʵ˭
ӣ˵΢ִˣȻפؽɽسǣæڹҪôħħɷԲ֪΢λĹϵڳһЩɹҲǷӦе˵΢һЩţаЩţĪģ
ͼͷ΢ִˣϴ֪΢ҵܵܣɷһǽǺܾûмˡ
ĿɿڴҲѻȸоȻ˵΢ĴţòܣǼٵģλĸŮ˵΢ܵܵʱ򣬾֪Щԣġ


İʮ 
򳼱жˣѹǸ΢ֻΪԷʲôֻǹһְҪԷżȥ
ֻ˭뵽΢ȻֹϵλŮܵõĸӡҴĸǰ˵λ⣬ĵ鷳ˡ
£Ҳֲֻܾˡ
ԭִ˺ǽܣ¹Խִ˴򳼸оƨЩȣҲЩ̣Ȼסˡ
˭ɵӣȻóǱ򳼹ż΢ְƷɹپǰƷɹ٣ôܻᱻƫ
ʵϣƫûжԶ΢ˣ֪ԼλģΪ˸ԼӣимͬʱҲǾúЦ
ȻԼǸΪ˸ԼͷʲôĽ㡣
Ҳñ룬΢Լ˹ŸλɹһȻŵ㣬Ҿƫ徻ԼȥģΪ±ϴ˻˵һ٣ֲֻңҺֵġ
εȴϻۣ΢һ˵֪΢ǲ£ҪϢˣȻЩޣҲ˳΢ԭˣҲǵģ㣬ƫƫôԶҲϴˣ㻹ԷһҺͱϴ
һ仰ǽոյҹˡ
ңңԷһ΢һЦ˵ϵһƾͷ¡
һ£˶˿Ϊα򳼿϶Ҫù˭֪΢Ȼ˵ʵ˷˼ôû¾ͺá
һԵڽ̿ҲͷͣҲ˼Ʒɹ٣ͬǶ΢ķӦʹķмӡ
ɵӣɹٵģĸǴ֮ȻóǱ򳼹ż΢ŵƫ΢Ʒɹ٣ؽĵλû⡣΢ȴû侮ʯ˵ػ˲ð
һЩ΢Ϥֻ΢һЩŵˣ˿΢ӡǴãʣ΢Ƕýˣܹȫֵˣһ㣬΢˾á
ֻȻǳԾĻںͷ
Ҳǲ˲ϵĺȻɻ΢ΪλԼ˵ܽҹá
輧ˣȻ󿪻һûղ£Ҳǹȥˡ
ֻǱ򳼺˼ƺЩ΢ոնȻǹˣҪԼһãֻǴ˵ȷûвŸңҲûֻˣСԽ𡣱Ҳʵѧˣһ嶯һ˶һѺľٶ
Ȼ΢ٱִˣҾһƣƿɲôȣؽ˵˵ħ飬˵Ȼƻܺȡ
һͿⲻǹҲ
ո΢ѾһʲôʵǲǰΣǱ򳼲ٲ¶󺹣΢޲ŵӹ˼һĽ㣬һ㣬򳼾ͱȲˡ
һ΢ǳǳԿĻǱ򳼰
ںͼƷɹҲ΢΢üȻǸ뿴΢ô˵
ͼ΢һЦȻϴ˼ȻҪңұ˵һЩ׾
˵꣬Ȼϲ˵ŪˣΪ΢һְ׬ȡȴ֪΢ؽǻӣħΪɳЧ
Ҫ˵ħ˽⣬ڳ֮ˣû΢Ტۡ
Ƭ֮䣬΢ϲ˵ʮĿɿڴǱ΢ĻЩɽسǵڶɹ佫ĳͣΪ΢飬Ƕһ֪⡣
򳼿мңһ֪΢ʵѧǽħ͸ˡԼҲ硣
ˣôǷôֻǹְˣ
һ˲䣬ֻоͨ죬뵽ԼոյľٶǺ޲Ҹطȥ
΢ʱ˵ˣȴʵλ˵ܺȷ񣿡
ܣ
̫ˣ
ξԼҲķڷ΢û֮ǰӣǾ岻ѡƾո΢һۣǶ΢ӡǴת
֮⣬˶Ǿ̾ޱȣ΢̫ˣƷɹٸ˽΢ǲµͷκʱҵһò¶ףˣҪ£
ʱ΢˾ƣȻֵ˵ʵؽֻһְýɽسǺͽɽ˽һƽģȴıϴ˻λʿ΢ǷûʲôǱϴ˺λʿȴʮԡѪƴɱ
΢Ļƫֻıһ㶣۾ˣиǴѡ
˵΢ǵ࣬Ǹ˵󣬾ȻнʿۿᣬΪ΢˵ǵĿЩνοƷͷҪ󡣱򳼸Ļ߬ȭĳӿ
λʿΪɳͷ­Ѫ΢ʲԽᣬλʿͱϴ˵һлһƣȣ΢˿̽Ʊ߸߾һ̣ڣеĽʿ𱭾У󺰣ȣ
˽һ硣


İʮ ɳ֤Ժ
֮⣬ҲǧʿеΪԶԲ֪﷢飬ֻһȡ
ô£
֪λʹ˺񶼺ܼӦǷʲôˡ
ܿ죬ؽ΢ִ˵Ļ֮ͨڴ˳ЩÿնҪħɱʮһҪڴ˴عسǵĽʿһۿǺˡ
һǵĺӣΪ˽簲ɽسǣȻһΪҪôǿᣬر߹أеҲֻԼ֪˿̣΢ĻͬһȭֱӴĵĵطǲ˹
٣ЩϹǼǵǵĹ͵ġ΢Ļ˵ܶཫʿмҵˣʮ޷ؼңеֱħ޵ɱУ˵ģֻһĸ׵ǵĶӻȥӣӣǵɷ͸׹Щǰ𣬵λִǽеίȫ˵˳ܲ˼
һʱڶཫʿǼѣȻ΢λؽҲǺøб
ִ˵˵ǵĿˣعҲаˣ֪ĸ׻ǷڣӲТЩûߣǶӶԲ㡣һʿ΢Ƿǳ˽ķؿͷ
ʮˣŮҲӦó˰ɣֻǵûΪױĸŮһ˹ٽ˿ҲӢᣬץ佣Ҳ֨֨졣
ٻţɳλ˻ʶǵǵĹͣǵĸĸ޶õչˣгһǽ׹ܺͼžۣһЩֵˣҲزȥˡִ˵ûƲǾңҲҪЩΪ˽սɳֵǣþһλһ̾ʮ俸ʮ̳Ӿƹÿһ룬ǧʿо롣
Ϊ˸ĸΪ޶ΪȥֵܣΪ˽簲οǹ˾ƣ
ͷһڶཫʿҲһȻдˤڵϡ
֮ڣ΢һ˷θۣں⼸ƷɹҲޱȡǶϹٳ׿Ĳ˵˵΢ƿؾı£ǾͲ˭ġǵȻó΢ڽɽسǹҵְƽﲻӣ΢б£ǽħ͸ޱȣԱᣬ̧߱򳼺ڶعؽʿķ׸֮ǰ˶Ŀ
ʵ˲á
ֵֻǣȻ΢ֶΣΪ֮ǰһְڼôĬĬţ
ǼƷɹ벻׵ĵطȻԵΪȥһ꣬΢ѹħ΢Ҳֻһ仯ɵģ۷ѣĿʲôʵʵ顣
ǻܣڵȻ˵΢һݣħѾħħħԲ͸¶֡
ʱΪƷɹٿһڣˣί΢˲ţ㲻ãȻֻһְǲ罫ң˾ȻίΣʡί
ڰЦó΢
ʲôЦ΢ھһԼôóȥ仰ȥ
һߣ΢£Ǳ΢ߣȻܵܣôʱ䣬Ҳȥ㣬ǲǰѽˣ
΢ЦЦҲûϵ֪һý㣬ҵġ
Ҵ򣡡ҲǱĿһЦֳϲԣְ
ˣ㣬Էһʹ˲С˹ˡ΢仰ͺϲЦտλ㣬΢ҲǺܿصģΪĶã΢˱ˣ˭ãͰٱ֮
ʱ֣ܵܣ޵ˣ
ǣƽıȽڣ΢֪ΪҲܸߣԼΪס
˵֤ɣֻһ˵꣬뵽ʲôüУ֤Ǵ£֤֤ʲôǼΪҪʱ򻹻׽Բﱻ´ţܰ
˿̣һУ΢ҲΪж˵ֵܵܣҵģٽ㲻ˣȥɳ֤Ժȵ֤ɣٻ٣ħ˾ȥ˵һӻҪҵġ
ɳ֤Ժ
΢˵˵֤֮ܶǰᱻ֤ԺǱ֤ɵĳɹʡ֤ԺУǰټɵиԳѾõ˽̵֪Ҫв;
Ҿ˵֤ܽԺĶ׿ԽʿɳصĶ


İʮ ħͻϮ
ɽس֮ʮһɽ굱УﾹȻϢħޣивΪﵽħ񾳽ĸ֡
һˣշ塣
ħսɽسɳɹٽ쳯ҵϮĴʱ˷ħħЭȻɽسǹݣɱǰˡҪɳ֪ħУħֻСɫħڸջƻͳħģֻħշ廷ܣħޣָԶĽɽسǵɱ
س֮ϣسǵı䶢ħ򣬱ʱһƺʲôʾȴһͻȻϣɱ
һ̣ħӿɱ졣
ã֮ڣ򳼷Ӧ죬ɱһʱеĽʿҲǷӦ죬ſڡ
漱Ҵһ䣬ͨˣسͻħͻϮλɹٴٱա
һҲǳڵ˹ӣλˣЩħ޶Ȼ˵ҪͻϮǼȻͶȻ̣λ˱ա
գ˵󷽰ȫ֮ء
ʵϣˣҲǿϾЩȻ֤ɣҲֻͨαɣֻɣս㣬һЩǿķħޣǶǶ֣˵ħ񾳸ˡ
ħõֶʮֹܣԲпУЩ쳯˶ҪְȻݲһʧ
һЩԾʵõ˴˿ҲЩţħ׺жţһħ޵ãħһǿ϶Ƕ֡
ڵ˶
΢ʱҲǾȥȫĵطݱܣͬԣЩħ޼ȻͿ϶׼΢û˵ʲôҪô˵
λˣǴ˷ǰǴĸɳܱħܣȥɳڣ˿̳ȳǳŸղżɹ˵ģŨŨĲм
ǼɹһҲǷӦͬ˵ǴɳˣǵȷǶǻȥҲҪ١
뵽ԼҲˣֻαɣҲˣĪǻ¼ħޣ
ɹٵУɾģôڣʲôɾġ
ʱҲǳ˵û˵ҵȻһս֪֮УʱҲԲߣȻسǽʿοǣ
Ǽɹһ޵ݣһͷ˵
Ǳϴˣȥű󣬵ֵЩħޣҺλˣȺļЩħ޵ҹҲһ֮˿̺мƣڶˣȻǽ˶סЩسǽʿһѪӿ׷ս
򳼶˵ڽʿ˳ȥǱ΢ҲҪߣǽ
ɵܵܣȻΪǰ̫֪࣬󲻷գڶཫʿڣͱȥˣϾһ࣬һ١΢£Ųߡ
΢û˵ֻ΢֪أ㣬ؽʱܲҷģܵҵıأЩħκβҡ
΢ӲҪȥҲסҲ΢ȥȻ΢һȥһڶɹҲܸţҲ
˴΢̷ϳǽ⿴ȥüͷ塣˿ħѾǳɱسǽʿɱһ𣬶֮ϣΪһЩħ޺سǽڶɱȻħбȻҪϳǽļơ
˿ǽϿգҽһλعصĽһħħɱǱߵķ˲߽⡣
Ͽպħ񾳸ֶŵıһҲǼˣȥħɱˣסǽ
ȥ΢һʱȥٶȼ죬ǸոɱһλΪĽ֮ϳǽıȫɱʱ΢Ѿϵˡ
һġħ񾳸ֿЦһһ۾ͿʿҲһҪ֪ħ񾳽磬˵Ӯ
һץһħ֡
ħ΢ˣȷ΢Ҫ⣬˵Ѵֻ֮ħֶʩչܻᱻ˿ֶҲ࣬˿˦һ׷ҹȥʩչ׾
׾ǴԪǸף֮⣬΢ʩչ䡣
ǵͼʩչ˲ͬҲͬ΢ΪѾǰ̫߳࣬ԾǸͼʩչҲԽһûħ񾳸ס˲䡣
ڸ֮ĶԾ⡮˲䡯Ծʤˡ


İʮ շ
ħ޼һ״£ȴǺ⣬ħ񾳸֣Ҫܿһ׿˵練ơ
ֻıһͻȻ̣Ϊħ񾳸̷֣ԼȻá
Ȼ̾ͷӦʩչƷ䡯Ƴϵ䷨ȻˣͷһѾǽʵʵϡ
һ
죡
ħ޺عصĽʿ΢΢ۣ׻Ĵ۰׹εۣȵ֮󣬲ŷǱ׾ŵħ񾳸֣ȻѾǻڣͷء
ͷأ
ħ޶һţĪǸոջб͵Ϯ׾ôܽԴն
һ̣˾ͼһĽٷǰһ߳ͷʬ³ǽǰȻվڲһʧصǽϡ
ʮոħޱ壬Ȼһ
˽ɽسؽ΢ɳƷɹ٣ǽΪ磬΢վڳǽ֮ϣһ򵱹Ī֮ơո׾Էע⣬ٷų˿Уʩչ䡣
ħ֮£˸䣬ֱ׾УɶԷϾħ񾳸֣΢һδܽ
˿вɱУڶԷУ˻ħ֮˿նħԴն£˿һɱ׳١
Ȼ΢һɱ׳ʿ
ոǽϱɢڶعؽʿ˿Ҳ¾ۼ΢һվɫһǽΪ磬
ԽԽʼ쳹سǳǽǽвǽϵĽʿҲǱ仰Ⱦһʱ䣬ħ޵ĽͺɱȻǱڶعؽʿӲѹȥ
ǽΪ磬
һ˲䣬磬ȻӲڶħ޸һ
΢СҪ񣬿ɻǵҷ񣿡ʱƲ֮һ˿һһ޴ӡ
ִˣСģԶڶħɱı򳼼״æѣֻǾ޴ӡֺֿݣӲҪɱ΢ǱعؽʿҲҪһɱ
΢Ȼ˭ԩ·խ
˳֣΢Ȼ֮ܵһͬһơ
ƽơ΢ںħ֣ħƺͽԴƷ񽣣
ȴΪ΢Ԩǿħ⣬ɻںϣȡ̣ǧ޶ȫҡҲǡú΢һֱŵ޸ߵͣñɵͷǺϡ
ʱ΢ʩչħʺϵģȻʩչħħǾͲýˣ΢ں˽ħƺͽʩչôһСơ
΢Ƽͣδܱȵϴħ֣΢ȡɣƷҪͶԷƴΪ
ԹҪƷǹһ㣬֮
΢Ȼô˵ƣȫΪƵ˵Ʒӡ֮Ĺ
ͼ΢һƴƳһ㣬˲ͽ޴ħ̴ִ߽⡣
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΢û˿ɣΪһ̣һӰͬһ
΢СӰֱ֮ӳ΢Ĵȥ΢ǰ壬˳߳һеӥ˶ԷɱС
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շΪߣҽħٶȼ죬΢ΪնɱѰħ񣬵շ壬ǰվͲˡ
΢Сղ㵹ǳˣҩɽʱҾӦɱ㣡ͻȻ͵Ϯ΢ģȻշ壬Ҹոһħ֣ҲǳԴ֮֡
շ壬ΪɹȴǱ壬ǶħͶǻƽԪ㾹ǰϮɱعؽʿֱ֪ܣ£ôֲҪĶ΢ԷԼСϻ˻ȥҪ˵ˣշʮϲ΢
Ȼշ΢ԣ䣬ɱ⣬˵ֱһצͼ޸ָͬݣǡħ֡ħǿԶһУ΢Ҫ㣬ȴо裬շ徹ڸո˵ͬʱʩչ
΢һ䣬ƷƳҪ㿪շħѾǲܡ
Ųǣתƣ΢鼱֮ʩչ⣬ԷһץŲǵĵ΢ʩչǾԪҲȲϣǽ䷢ӵ˼¡
ħ֣Ҳ΢Ų
˿Уɱ΢ҲɱŭԷһצ˲䣬ָһ˿оͼնշĲ
Ϊһδ߶˿еٶ̫죬ͼƾջһۼΧ˸һ˺ƿĴ̶֮


İʮ һƪն
˿У΢ѨѰı˿ǹͻʮֻвſͻһҪڼ֮ǧϣɳΪ˿С
õ֮΢Լʱ䳤ˣѾǺ΢϶Ϊһ΢Ƿһ˿˿֮ϡ
ٿأǾͬԼֱһ㡣
˿̺շɱ¶Ǳ΢Ȼȫ⣬ҲŭޱȣԲѣһֱɱС
˿ٶȼ죬˺ѣ˲͵շĲһ̣ͿԽշͷն䡣
˿иżǿԻնɱ壬˿ɱˡ
ڴ˿̣շƺΣգһһź˿ն˸գ⣬շԣ΢ѾǴŭ⡣
ֶβһУ˵շȡһѳһֻźļʸڹವһ
֮ȻǱһһͷ΢
Щˣȼպɫ棬֮ȻǽһЩʯջֱ
΢һ֪ɫУ˿Уǻû˿оѾջ١
΢õ˳֣
ôԷһȴǸ鷳΢һָʩչȴǺЧȻԵ
΢ȡѷʩչɱǺ֮ǻΪУճˮ
ȻɫûеһɳѵѾⶫԵǷ׵ЧնɱҲƺƥСֻ΢ʶ㣬ͻȻһһ顣
һҲ΢ѵǰ꣬һλʥڳɽһͷĻΧף亦ҪΪ
ֻλʥ΢ͷĻڤ˼ҹͻУȡֽʣӺīдһƪն
һƪʥ£ʥΪͷ֮ϣӵмǿķ
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˵һƪնĿǣ΢ɫҲһ֣ΪԼһƪն
һƪ£΢Ե˷Σ΢ǽһƪѿڶ
ֻǵһǷ˹ĺɫǻһ𣬾ͷ·ʲôһֹǰڰա
΢һţǼӿٶȣһƪնȫж΢ܴ󣬴żķÿһ֣ͬشǺɫϣԿɵȻļ
һĻҲˣȻĿɿڴš
շҲǵԲ۾·һ㣬ûԷ˼£ȻǽԼ˵Ķá
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ʣڳÿһﶼУ˵ʱʱ죬΢նһ
Ϊزݣն֮
һǺɫҽһ͵ȻΪС
΢ƾһƪ£ȻǽǺ˵ֶμֱδţ˿̾ɱ˫ֹͣɱĿһĻ
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£⾳ɱһɸ̾Ʒɹ٣ڶǱ΢һƪնסˡ
˲ã˵΢Ĳɳڣдɽжļп֤ܵڿ΢ĲɺֹǳڡһλսƷɹپ̾ΪҲսʱдһƬʥ⣬ƾ½ɱ¡
ѾʥɲеֶΡ
˿һ˫ֽ߬ȹڣԼ̫ܵԼˡ
һߣշɫѿ˼㡣
΢С㵹Щ£ϧ㻹δ֤˶ǣʲôҶգҶնɱ㣬е˶ҪշǶ΢ɵˣԷȻսдģҳڳ£ԼòŪĺ˵ˡ
⻹û֤أ΢֤˵ֻжֲ
΢շǶɱģ˵꣬һſһ磬ȻһϺɫĶ
ħóö˵շҩɽٵļһҽԽߣöֶξԽǿ
ɲ֮Ĵɢ΢Ȼ׵塣


İʮ ħ
շⶾܲ򵥣ҩɽʮ٣ҽҩָ֮ƣνҽ඾ҽ֧ͬһѽȥˣ֮ȥˣħ
ҽҲˡ
ӭĶȻδȴѾԸоһ̱ǣ΢ȻЩͷĿѣ֪ⶾΪԵֻ΢ѧУƽⶾֶβ࣬ң佫ⶾɢշȻܿô
֮⣬΢ʦӦԡ
һ̣΢˸䣬׼ʩչңеġ䡯ɢⶾʱһӰԡ
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΢̵ͷȻɾڳշɡ
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ͼȡһͭһ֮ͭӳһ˫ͼ
һ̣ͼʼתֱӽշĶ뾵С
շ壬ˣͱȥˣɣһȻѸף磬һѾ˲䵽շǰ̧־еͭ˹ȥ
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΢ͻԣշսթı󶯣ȻͻϮ̡
Īǣ
΢̧ͷ죬ͻȻʲôλСģħ
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˲ʱ䣬ɳڶ˺عؽʿء
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ҲˣշЦ˳ѡ
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ħѪ֮ڣɵʿΪһ᲻ǵѪ⣬Ҳͨˣʱ˻շĶ𣿡շޱȣɫأѾо󷨿ʼֲøոħһֱûж֣ԭڲô
ħõĴҲ޿κΡ
棬رɫأ֪²ãعؽʿʮӰ죬Ϊ䣬Щħ޵Ķ֣˵Էһħɣ֮ƥУ
߸ٵ׳ȥ쾪ӣ֪ͨɳԮ
ǣԱһ׳ţ߳˳ߵ׳Ǵһӱسһɱȥ
ʱһħħ޼״ʩչħһźɫɳ棬һӱ䡣
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һ̣ȺһӰˤڵϣѪǸոħ񾳵ħޡ
浤֣Զո׼Щعؽʿ΢ͣ½ŲҲΪ
ǽ׳ĸѪ֮ǿΪǣȷʺֻû뵽ԷȻѾ浤浤ľ磬ô˵ֻһͿ̤˾ˡ
΢λովɱƲٿѪ·Ҫ⣬ͷӿ֣ҪγһоףԷǿҪͻˡֻƺЩģոһʨӺ𹦣Ĺһǿͻƣ㣬ɡ
ĺӣ΢ȻԸ¶˵ת񹦣£һڶԷġ
ֽǡ׳ԣ΢ȴǵҪϻҴͻƣǡ


İʮ ӡ
Ǹ׳һм˭֪Ҫԣĸǵһ㣬΢ȻǿԼ㣬߻ħΣգԥ֣͹׳имޱȡ
ʱҲԣнֽ£Ȼͻơ
浤۷֣ȻҲְ֮΢ȫͻơ
ɲ֮䣬˫̤֮ǵשѣѪһŻףͷǳһֱ
䣡
һ죬ǸʨӺ𹦻˵ħ񾳸ٱһεײɳȥΧʮڵҲȫ׳ͻʱ𾢱֪֤ɣԺɱһ˺ħˣڵмصġ
ˣսǿǽ˭˭
ǵùħ񾳸ֱˣ˿ֱ׳ͻʱУ飬һƬ
׳΢ȴ˿Ӱ졣Ϊ׳Կһͻʱð΢񹦣ͲöһЩ
ո΢Ϊ䣬ҲҪȫ׳һȷǲ뿴λعؽʿ΢ͼƻˣҪ׳ͻΪʱɢΪ
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ͻƣٽԷɵȫߣһԼΪ
ǧСһ΢ΪҲֻԪ浤磬Щ֮ΪȻǽڽһͻƵ˺浤硣
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΢ǾӣҲ޼£շóıԣһɳΪ٣ô֪ܲӵĴڡ
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΢Ѿ֪ϻǱħͷռ壬˿ɢħշ֮ǰֱͬϣǼɾ֣ҲħĶ֡
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ˣλˣ΢СǱɣշȻʮսɱ֮ǵɾշ֮ɾħ֮Ҽħɳɡˣߣϡۼħ٣ʤȯգշ˿ǱüΪﵱи͸һ˿⡣
ƺ͸ɳ͸ɳɡ
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ʱһշüͷһ壬Ǳߡ
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˵ģ
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շһɨЦһһɣɶû޵Ҳҿڳԣãȿ
˵꣬һħ񾳸ѾǷȥʩչħҧɱȥû΢Ѿǻǰһƣһˮʽ⽫ԷħƵħħ޻ɱ
΢ȫ֣ѾɱѰħˣսһ
ѣϻħ˿˵һѾǳ΢ǰһСѡҪ΢һɱ
ħ֣ƺ죬΢޷ֵ΢˿ûÿ˼ԶڵҲļ٣ڴ˿̣üһӡϷų⣬һӿٿϻħǲҽһѪɳȥ
𡭡ɣãܣϻħˣֱӱŵĻ겻壬˵֮ѹշħޣԹԵķӶ˲˸Ӱ١


İٰʮ ת
ͷһöӡɢһ֮ħϻˣ߸ŵĻ겻壬ߣҲշˡ
ΧħѪϻµģһߣơ
ûħѹƣת
򳼲Ͻ֪ʱץסʱһ˻ܡʩչֶΣħ֮ѱĸŮԽӡشӣǣһɱħޡ
˵꣬ͷǰȥ
ʣԼΪߵħߣ󷨱ƣڶħ޵Ĵ󣬾ʿ͵ʱ򣬱򳼴˳ɱЩħֵܵɾ
շҲû뵽ȥҲû㵽ĸ谮ΪǴԴ͸һöӡ
ӡɲһ㣬˶սǷһеͬڽɾֵشһħǴ´࣬ҲãӵӡǸոһ¾ͿԽϻħֱɱ
ɾ˾֮ϣǶϷ
շ˭˷ƻжıѹħϣϻˣȻ״ȥ˵ģûϻħѹƣһˣӦ˵ںһɻм
շҲ벻룬ֱӾӡ
ȻŹɳͽ̧ʩչ䷨ҪշסΪ磬Ҳһ䣬շһΧռ䶼Ҫ֪ãæһѪʩչѪħ󷨣շ˺һӣ˳ȥ
շԥ̶ߡ
֪һĳɣ϶ӲˡħޣʱҲûӹ˼ˣȹԼҪ
׷ôѣǷ׷ȥͬʱ׷ȥģмλɹ٣΢״ҲǷ
ܵСģոմ߶ӡǷõʱ򣬴˿Ҳû΢ֻüһ䡣
һ¹سΧûħշ壬Щħ̳ûͷӬҲɢӣǱعؽʿ׷ɱѪɺӡ
Ҳᣬ˵׷ɱշɺ΢ֻƬ̣ͷӳ֮ң΢Ϊͣû֤ɣٶλˣڣззģٶȻ΢ܱ⡣
һʼ΢ԶԶں棬Ƭ̣Ѿ
Ѿħ
΢ͣû׷֪׷Ҳûã׷ϵģ뵽λħ˾Ĵ׷ɱշ壬ӦкܴգȻˣԼ׷ûá
˵ʵշ壬΢Ǻ֮ǵģ̫գһպȻ޾鷳ҲΪˣ΢ող׷
˿΢һ֪Ѿǽħ֮أշӵķ̣ħҲ࣬¿ȥһƬɽҰ롣
ʱӰ΢һȡʦʣһʻȥʧ١
ʦҪӸΪ̫죬ѹ±˷֡
Ƭ֮м˷ɵո΢ڵĵط⼸ȻħޣһշͻϮɽسǵħʿ
һˣһħ񾳣һ硣
ˣո˴ˣôգ۵ĹͲˣĪʩչǸħ񾳸һʩչһ̽Χ޽
˿ʮԸΪԼ̽£˲ڸȻԲ̽
ۻ˰ɡħ
ʯϴǿײˣΪħǿԽЩɱ⣬û뵽ǾȻнܻӳѾǲˣֻϧɽسǰһɱˡһħʱһ£ʱʱķĿȥ±׷
̵ģֵܼˣշ壬ǹȥҲ⵵¶´ȥ˵ʲôҲȥˡʯϴ߷߲ƽ˵뵽ʲôȴǰ̾Ǳշƭõҩƣǵʱ䲻ҩȻᱻԹǸ缸벻ħˡ
һ˵ħҲһȻ֮ɫ
߰ɣȥħÿȥշ壬϶ʯϴ˵꣬ħ޿ȥ
Ǹ뿪΢
Ҿ˵йŹ֣Թѻ⣬˵ȻΪҲᱻЩԹʱˣԹ̫࣬亦ԭշǽƱˣĻ̫ˡ΢Ȼ뵽ǰԼµ˵ʵ΢ʱķѪᣬһԹ΢Ҳ亦


İٰʮһ ɱ
΢뵽ȥԨ֮ǰշħϻֺҲ˼ѾȻҡ
ʱ΢ͻȻ뵽ħΪλͻȻ񲣬Ҳйأʱ΢;֣ħȻܵ޴Ҳ˵ͷ裬ڿǵʱеԹͻȻ˶ħķ񲡣
ò˵һƺһεѿأһжշ壬ħ㲻ԨҵԼ֮ҲԼõʦе飬ħҲɵħɵԼ֮Ҳûȥħ̳ʦĪаڳΪħħҲǸܵ顣
ڣԼʵǣҲһлԵɺµġͬڣԼָպõ֪⼸ħҪȥħһÿڣȻˣԼΪβȥ
뵽΢෱ͷȴϢ͵͵ĸǼħ
һ·߹հƣһɽһʮɽȿڣ⼸ħ롣ʣħÿھ档
΢룬ǽշ׷ϻɱȻãһҪûгɹշѣԷпܻʱ㵽
ҲԼһᡣ
Ͼ֮ǰѾ˵ħ˾ߣǽշɱԼҲ˵ԼҪְɱշ塣ټ΢շҲгԹûְлᣬ΢ҲὫշɵ
֮ǰշĶԷΪ˵ѾԽһ˺ħ񾳸ֶ֣ιܡûеõʦ֮ǰԼ磬ҲδշĶ֣˵ɱˡ
ڣ΢ʦУѾʼħű䣬е˫˵ħȼѪħָ΢治Լɲշ塣
ȻлᣬҲаգΪβԣ
뵽΢ѶŻɽһ̽
ʱ΢ͻУۣ֪ҲδܼȻ˴Զ
΢ǹʼʩһʻѾһΧֵУʦһ磬ܡ
֮ûãԶ˸һ˱ţΪǱһħޡˣһŮźڶ£ɱɵˡ
Ǵ˴շ徭ڽɽسʧпܻ˴ǸץסħʮңϸһԿѾƿƤ⣬սѪ⵱Уˣħ֫ιǣλεı׶͸壬׶ϴŷ䣬Ȼһֵ
˵꣬ħ޹ڵϣĵλˣѾһһ
ͬʱҡͷһĸݣˮپͬһ㣬ƺѹ֪ЦǺ˵ɱ飬Ҳ
˵֮ҲʲôħһͷѾء
ѪһأΨһһŮüҲû˵ʲôƺֻǲϲѪζֻӣħʬѪҺ˲ûκζ
İɣ֪ϲѪζ㻹ôɱħޣնͷķ𣿡һ˿˵˺ţȻҡȣ˵꣬һȣ˲ʱһɷ𣬽ħʬȥ⡣
ޱѹû˵ǿΨһŮɣҲ˪˿̳ɱշͽϻͱ˵ˣӾʦ˵ǷҪȣ
λһȤֻõȻҪ˵ħԣò֮óĽҲշа˳ɿܲڴ˴ᵱȻܴɳλѾշɱɱйãнͣ˵١
پͲˣɳɱõɹ٣û㻻طޱ˵ֱȡ
ŮɱҲǿһӵӾʦʲôãǷϻ̫࣬߰ɡ
Ҿ˵˵ѣɱɽһˣʲôʱֿҲҪСһЩշʮֽթ˵ѾȷһЩȥжӾʦ˵꣬һȡС죬ͼ䷨СһףǼСУ󣬾ȻƾһƮڡ
߰ɣշ壬սپӾʦһЦҪȡʱͻУ͵ĳҿ˼ۣĿҲɨ΢֮ûκη֡
ôˣ㲻ڼŶݼµһҲǰ䣬Īܻ˲ɣŮɱȤһʵ
ӾʦҡҡͷЦȻɻŮɱڡ


İٰʮ 
˽ɽȣ΢Ҳ
ɳɱã벻Ҳˡ΢ɳΪ٣ȻɳòҪ֪һЩģɱ˾֧רɱ˶֤ɱ֮ˣóľͻϮɱ
Ȼ͸շˣпܣշڽɽسǵͻϮҲ֪Ϊ˴ɱշ񣬾Ȼûдݾߣ΢Ҳ֪ô˵ˣСʧ󣬻Ǽְ
ɱõ˶Ϊˣ΢˵ɱõ˶óɱĴ̿͡
ǳ֣շҪ군΢Ҳڻȥô˵Ҫȥ
뵽΢Ҳǲɽȡ
ɽڴо٣ڶٵУѷ֣ҲֲշὫ˴ľݵ֮һȷʮΡ
΢ǰнƬ̣ȴǿǰߴӰ߹滪Ρ
һߴӰ˹ϸһ΢ϳħеħ
ħһֻ֧Ǵ󶼱ūۡЩȻӵп壬ǲֻƾ豾֮׿Ԫߣǵȴʮޡ
Ȼױ˿ƣӽɽ֮ǰ΢Ϳɽȴںֹ꣬ӦĳĳѨڿЩûˡ
Щǿ׳ޱȣͬһë޴ֳּǵԣ֮Գ֮ΪΪҲҲúһùߡ
˿Ǵźصף˫и֮ǰѪӿǴﵽ龳ʿǶûʤ㡣
ڵ΢ȣҪɱͷҲʲô΢ɱףʱ򷴵ܱ¶١
΢ͷ߹ȥżǰʱ΢ſɽʮ䣬Ϊɽ֮ŴƬܼľ٣ͬһ޴ȸǣ۷·Թһɽȸ棬濴ȥ˵ǾѵĲ֮
΢Ҳòշ۹⣬Էѡﵱľݵ㣬ȷһͷԵ
Ϊ·ͨ˴аľţԵ΢ѾǸɱõˡҲ޷΢סշֻҪץѯʱ֪
ʱ΢ʮֻ;޴ҴܹȥͷѾǷ磬˿̺㣬Żѽ嵱УǴɽǰȥΧˡ
΢һ̷ӦֲԼոտԷŵôЩ죬ԭɳƵɽ
Ϊഫɱˣɳ֮ܣû뵽ﾹȻҲУʣ϶շ彫ɽ֮͵ƶġͷԣոɱƺշļƣ嵱Уֻʲô壬Ȼסˣ
΢ʩչֶΣʦʻƱ仯֮Լһģ˵ΩΩФѱ٣Ҳ޵˵һˣҲϲ
һожŤͷһһû˵͵ȥȡһЩͣͷ˵һ󲻺ʹͽˡ
ͣǰǳȥСͷƤңȥٻء
ǰһһ㶵ģ㱵Уͱ˽ɽȥȻŶԷŶ뿪
ͣȥȡ͡ԹԵ˵һ䣬ܿˡ
΢ʦΪν֪󣬲ŷ󲢷ɽֻǷ֮Ҳ֮ϴ˶ɢаһշһֱʡ
һ΢Ϳǰһ޴ĿӶ˿汻ľΧסֻ͸϶档
棬֮ǰɱõһͷ׺ħﶷ
ħһͷ޴ޱȵ׶Ыħӿ֮ϣҫŸʴ̡֮
һͷЫʵѾﵽħһΪ;޴һȻռϷ硣
棬շ帺ֶһĶǵɱ
΢֪ɱõ˿϶Ը֮£뵽շͲúõ嵱СЩҲһħƿ˲Ž˸סʱһסǼֱ֮ͬôɱôɱ
շһ̬ȻǴĥˣȻ˵ֻҪֻҪӮǶЫͿԷһ΢ãշسŵˡ


İٰʮ ȸں
֮ڣɱõ˱ǶЫħƵˣóʹɱ֮ټⶾЫħһڼ۵̣ǻձ޷ֺⶾЫÿһŶֻ֮Ƭ̣˾ѾǱ
벻շ˽թȻͲ壬ֻ̫̰ٽһЩǲȫ嵱СӾʦ˿һ𣬸ո˽ɽȣĵѰշڣֻжԷһˣӦ̽ǣȴǸıսԣһΧŷǿշֻǡˮ¡֮ûľ
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л˵뷨˿˫붯ƺÿһζԴΧһ㲨ơ
ⲨƣֱͬһԽնһۼȴƫƫնǶЫϵĺڼס˶ٿںڼһǳǳİ׺ۡ
ѣӾʦ˿ȡС죬óһŰǳǶЫҪǳЩٶȥֻʯڵĻȴտЩ١
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Ҫɱɱǣ룡ŭһ䣬̧һȭշȥȭ罣Ƽǿϵʯһȭķ飬ֻɱһħ񾳸ֵһȭں̱£ΪΡ
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ʱǳֵĺѾ˼£շҲû̷ӦȵӦҪʱ̸оһ͡
䣿շ󾪣æƷΪʱһָһѾǵĵֻɲ֮䣬ͱԶл
һָշ循ޱȣֻʲôҲûã޴߽⣬ҶԷָлһĽ⡣
ָУͬʱѡԼ׼ʩ˲䣬һĸԼӦʱ䡣
ʱǳֵĺϣǸĿǣѾ˼£Ҫǣ֮ǰȻûɢ˿Ϣûɱй¶
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ǡ㣡
շֻü˵֣Ѿ


İٰʮ 
뱱ɽ˹ǽ˿̽ʳǣһӳӹֱʳǡ
ʳǵĽһҲȴΪϳһеˣǽˡ˵ĵλеʱ˻ʻߣʹҲȥ磬˸
һλ˾Ѿǽʹʱ򣬽˻ʽѾǳӭȻ˻ӭӣȴǿԡ
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˵⽣ɣҲǳԾѡ
ɲ΢һƪ£ͿƤӽһͷ׶նɱʱʮĿã˵ġͷ˵Ȼһ֪£ǸоЩ˼顣
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˵֮һƫƧС˷˵һΪΪ˴ƫƧʿصһЩɢѹǶԵĵ֣ǶԺǲȴһ죬һ½ԼѧǶԵ֮ŭպ˵һƪնλһߣԣǶԸճͱǽһƪնɱһ
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İٰʮ 
ɽس֮ڣ˿ǽ䱸ɭϣ´֮ڣ΢ӺȡһȻݸڡ
ڳڶɹٴ˿̿΢һ𺳣ո΢ɱɣӾʦѾɱշĹ渵̿˵ǾĶǣһȵҲɫ䡣
ȥ׷ɱշģȻ֪շжƻԳֶûнɱշˣû뵽΢ɱշ塣
ɵ棬ڴ򿪰¶һѪܵͷϸһշ塣
շ壬Ƿȥͷڹس֮ϣڽʿʿҲο˵Ľʿһ£̾бͷߡ
һ̣΢Ĵٴ쳹ɽسǣ˵Դؽְûйһؽڶཫʿŷسʮ۱΢ǵսһƪնɱշ壬㹦ʻ˭ܼ
ڶ˿΢ҲǺ֮ǰȻ֮ͬǰȻͣλλߵ̬ȣǾôһսֻҪɵ֪΢ĳɾͲ
ѾǰƷɹ٣󹦣ٲŽй֣Ψһ谭ΪֻҪ΢֤ɣܷ̾ɻڴ
سվ֮ڣһֵĿ΢΢нӣһ䣬ȻΪһ˷ȥɱշ塣
ܵܣס´ξԲô³ç˶ǣ͸ȥɱշ壬ѵ㲻֪жһĸշȻ΢ƽδ
㣬ⲻû𣿿ǲɱշ壬֪жҪù΢֪ǹԼǹһЦ⡣
ˣ֪Ҷ죬˴󹦣ҲǺ£²Ϊֹͣڣ͵Ϊ㣬˼죬û£ҲˣҪȥ˴󹦣ɳȻ㽱ֻͣΪûнΪɣⷴ谭һȥ֮󣬻ְɳ֤Ժֻܰš
ڸգȻ˾Ͳģ˵˼䣬΢һˡ
ҲҪȥշ屻ɱҪͨɳϹ٣Ƕиְ𣬲һֱ顣
֮ʱڵ΢еһߣû뵽ôɱշ壬Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡£˵˲֪㻹֪ɣһƪնѾǱʥԺ봫ļҪ֪봫ļģʥ֮նɱշ壬ĹҲСһƷӦѶȲħ˾סˣȻҲû㽫سǣΪ¾ǣɱշ壬ħĻƽԪưոݣȻܵ޾׷ɱ
΢ͷһҲǹˣǽҪ֤Ժ˵˳һ۾һͷ⵹ʧΪһð취ΪȷǺĹλȥ֤Ժһ԰Զħı˵ʣΨһ鷳ħǱߵ顭
΢֪ڵʲôµǱ赣ģѾħ´֮ֺⲻ󣬶ҽչأ֮˸ңɱħãҲҴڻﻹºϣµĻ֪ͨġ
ڵ˵ͷһҲô£˵΢Ѿ鴦׵ԼҲֵزѡ
ãΪ˵㣬Ѿ鼸գòȥˣ֮ʹڹسǣգһȥ⼸죬ԼСġڽ˼䣬ŷɳ
΢Ϊǽɽسǵؽһʱ֮仹뿪ֻɳµſԡ
ȵ뿪΢㰲ûһͱԸ˹ȥ˱򳼵ĵط΢ԷѾǱ˺þƺòˣʮĸ߼Ⱥʱ΢ͱһһ
μϽֽ
һֽǽеķڷ
ֽ֮ǰǱĳ۲ʶ̩ɽ㣬磬ҸⲻǣһΪһֱ࣬ǰգֽǸӢۣұǸϴ֣Ҳ˵ˣ㿴ұ֡˵꣬Ҳ΢ӦֱʩչָһץͽԶһ̳Ƹץ˹һ̳ӾʮͼĿ⣬Ȼͷ
ֻƬ֮䣬һ̳Ҿƾͱ򳼺˸⣬ֱ΢Ŀɿڴⲻ꣬ʮ͸Ҳһһһ̳ƣֱӸɹ⡣


İٰʮ 
һȺפؽɽسǵĽʿô˵ȴǾԽǽѣֵĽ飬ȫھ
ԸΪһ˺ȾƣǾ˵˵ֵܡ
һ˲䣬΢ЩȻǵ˼ڸԼڸлԼ΢ҲˣԶթĹٳԼթƻСˣ΢ԱǸ飬ƻѪʿ΢ҲǺܺġ
΢һЦλȻ΢΢Ҳ
˵Ҳһץȡһ̳Ŀͷ֮ʮ˻࿴һۣǳЦ
о⣬ò죬΢ҲǴû˷ɹﲻҪģΪûһװ
ʱһ˹һ̳Ƶֽ׳ϰ䣬ɱǣܻʮ꣬׷Ͻսɳ˵˱Ͻ׳˭ڷ㣬ֽ㣬׳Ѿˣܽˣҵþ㡣
˵ֱ꣬ǶӺȾƣһڸɵס
΢˵ʲô˵ʲôɶҲ˵ˣȫھҲһڸˡ
Щʿ΢ơ
һֽպħ޴սǽħ޵ĽǳǽѾʧأҾ㡣
߸պ꣬Ǳһֽ屡죬ңѾǺ׶Ҿ㡣
ȡ
Ҫ֪عؽʿȵľƿɲǷƷǶʮҵƣ΢ΪʿȶˣҲǸоͷĿѣ⡣
һʼ̸۵Ķعʱ飬˵˵ž΢ն
ᵽնڽ춼һ۷ǵҲɶˣȻһƪնսôһƪ£ֲŻΨʥƥС
΢ȴЩ죬һƪնǳ֣һĳλʥֻһԼöѣֻȻûӺڽ˵ڣҲ֪еԵɣ˵ԼҲ֪
ֽһƪնǰ޹ˣڹس֮սնɱҲһμѻֽҲǲѧ˫պβһƪնдǴ룬ֽߡ˵һ֪Լʧԣæտڡ
֣ͣɫΣ΢һ֪Ƕɵܲ³ԼɱշӦòܼһݹͣ㹻ԼǨˡ
ʱ򣬱򳼱ЩȻֵֽ֪տܾҪ뿪ȾƣΪˣûˣֽʶɱУҵһҫֻʶֵ̫ǶֽĲҲǾޱȣĿֽдնһҵȽ׹֮գҲܺ󱲴ţˡ
Ҳǵͷ΢⣬ͷһȣһЦ˵С£кβɡ
̫ˣȥȡֽʡʱ΢ֹãҵȽʿԳǽΪ飬ƪնдڳǽϣߡ
˵꣬΢һ̳ƣγԱһսͷ˳ȥ򳼵һҲɫһ˳ȥͼɽسʮٽߵĽһ·ı״һĪħ޽
΢ǰ·ߵɽس߳ǽϣҲ΢ʱħɱɱ׶ĵط
΢ҹ統й˿ھƣȻԽΪʣھ޴ĳǽ֮д֣дģһƪն
ͼ΢Ʈݳг࣬裬֮ͬ㣬ζ磬һһƪնһһֵĿӡڳǽϡ΢֣Ѿдҷ緶˵΢࣬˿̣ϣǴһеϢ⾳ǵʱ鷨ˣҲΪֹ۷
ŨŨ⣬΢һǳɣѣնȫƪӡڳǽ֮ϣһʣ΢д⣬˲д£ɲ֮䣬һγǽӿֳһʥ⣬ֱʣն̺Ҳǵ񷡣
سǵĽʿһӰ죬սⰻȻϢۣȻǽħϿһƬ𿪣¶ǿա
д֮΢̳ľһһʹ졣
΢Ȼ֪֮ʱħħʿӴ˯оѣʿһЩħ޺ħҲ˽ɽؽ磬һֱͬһѰλεĵӣͷһ
⻹㣬պҲһʤ֮أ֪ǰһƪдڳǽϵ¡
Щ΢֪֮Ȼǵõ뿪˽ɽسǡ


İٰʮ 
أԪ
ڴԪɽ£Ůҧ·Ƿ糾ͣһǴӺԶĵطйǳ˲ٿࡣ
ÿһ۾
˴Ԫɽ֮£ЩŮԶǾͼһϾҪˣһɽͿԵ﴿Ԫ
ʱһ꼶СһЩʵ˵Ԫ𣿡
ǻм٣˽˵˵Ԫɳɹ٣ͨдһƪ¶Խ˵ĶնɱܲˣǼȻҪѰʵȻҪ봿Ԫͷ˵˿дʵ
ʮ죬һԪ˲ǣǸô죿һŮʱʵͷСӣѾͷ˼Ҫࡣ
⣬ͷСûһʱ
ǰǧϹΪ˰봿Ԫѧϰһ˼ҲգָΣ
мƤѾЩ⡣
ʱһһֱĬԵʯΪҵֻҪİʦ˼ҲգҲЦ۷ܱʲôԾͻȥǿ
˵е˵ûȻˣвȥԵĵ࣬Ҳö࣬һ仰ôķڷͷЦ
ǶһĺӣΪʿԽǰʦѧУڣģȻҪԪһӹɡ
ˣĿľǰ봿Ԫ
Ϣ֮⼸Ů㿪ʼɽϣ뿪ûãһƾֳΣ߰˸ֻʮҵŮӰ΢΢һЦ
벻һˣһȻѡҴԪϡ΢
ӽɽس뿪ֻ֮ҪɳʵڲûҪ̫ϣ΢˳شԪ
ɽµʱ΢һ֮꣬¾Ϳ˿ǶԻû뵽һȴһһ΢֪޵š
ˡ
һ΢ھΪٵʱ˵顣˾˵ʮʱڣ̶վģһʱ䣬ɵ磬ʱؾ֮ʱ䣬ڵʮʱ֤ɡһ꣬ܿҲǶʮꡣ
ʺٶȣʮ˹ŵУҲ׿Խһ΢һֻ˵ţûнû뵽һԷȻѡ봿Ԫ
ò˵ʹȻ΢ΪˣҲ˳ɾͣԪҲ㣬ԽڣΪһš
һһźڣһڵĵλ⼸걻Ԫȥˡ
ԭֻһǾ΢
ΪˣһˣŻѡԪ
ո΢ѾۿǸ˽ӵмǿĿǰ΢˵õһͬԨɽ˵ͽܰһ
޵Ի°빦
΢ԪˣȻӲ٣ܿȴûСŮˣһֱԼϴԪ棬΢֪ǵŵϣȨУΪӲˡ
ԪһҲһЩʲģûһʮ֤֮ɡ΢ȻһֱϴԪ΢ߡ
΢һΣʧ٣ȴϢĸЩŮζȹԪǰǧٽװʦݡ
ǧٽװʦʯ΢Բõ󷨣ʦ֮˵Ժ̤;Ȿһ£Уÿһм裬еĿܻɥǲᣬû֮ˣǳȥֵأɲʺˡԽ׿ԽԽܾʯףҲмʦ֮ʵͼ档
΢Ҫöõǧٽװʦʯס
Ůܿ쵽ʯǰʼҲʮͣһ̤ʯס
տʼȽɣߵٸʯ׵ʱ˶оһͣƺƾʮһͲˡ
⼸ŮҲûзϣֻԽϣԽǿ
ڣһʱ򣬾ܲˣˣ˵Ҳֻ֣Ҫͷ̻һַ罫ɽ
ϣ̭˶Ϊ˺أӾ磬һָֻ󣬻־壬ջ֮ǿǡ
΢ڰ߰˸꣬һҹ˵ڶ峿ڼֵģֻˡ
һУһŮ
еŮģЩΨһһŮ


İٰʮ ͻ
˵ʵ΢û뵽ŮȻҲֵܼڣ˿ϸһŷŮҲȻȲҲ޼иˣҪôҪôһ
Ȼޱȣֵɴ˿ɼġʻдϻۺԶ֮ѡϾһ֮΢Ҳ֪ʮɣڴԪ΢аսʱ̵ʮ֮ڡ
ʮɣҲǿòˡȻⲻܺ΢Ƚϣ΢̤ڣҲȥ࣬ΪѾǴﵽһ꣬΢Ȼ֤ɣҪ˵ٶȣ΢ȻҪ졣
һʯףһ̤ϣ˲ʱ䣬ħ֣ĵмʧ٣ϾֻһʮĺӣðŻععʱ򣬾Ϳǰվһ꣬ʮͨվﲻע⿴ܻԡ
ͬΧĿɽʯһˣôˣǷ豹棬ﵽһ硣Ҫô˵׿ԽԼߣϸ˼Ƭ̣ȻǰһͷͰݡ
ǲȻ΢ǺΪʶʣֱӿͷѵ°ݴ
΢Ц֪Ǻˣֱӹݣ
̵ͷȻСȴûʧһ֪ǴԪˣ΢
㶼ûпѯʣε֪΢ʡ
֪ԪŹϣѰӲ룬峿ֻдԪһλ֮˲УԪУΨ΢ͣѧ²⣬ˡ侲ȣһеš
΢Цˣһ˲ţοǶһ󱦱һⱦ鴿Ԫˡ
ʱǸŮҲ̤һ̨ףȻҲ΢ûֱӹݣǺĴȴ֪ҲΪˣʧȥһĻԵ
еʱԵˣ֣Ҳʧܲܰңȫڸˡ
ֱʱ򣬴ԪŷɳһӰѲӵӷ˵ʯףմԪĹأʯʸ봿ԪģҪĵӡû뵽Ϳ΢ڴԪУ΢Ļ񣬱ϾΪµӻҪμġ
һ۾ͽ΢˳ǹ񣬿ڳš
΢ϢԪ
һǰȣԪȻ췭ظı仯˵µӣȻѾǧ֮
һЩطǸ¥ԪҲֱ࣬˿̣Ԫһ˿ŵơ
Ϊ΢ĹϵξٺɽͶλħ˾ɹپԪСסȻϢǻᴫȥġ˽٣ԪȻҲ˾֪еţ˭ܱȼ磿
ڣո󣿻īɽڣ
ܼȻǰʦѧﲻֻаʦ˶ˣѡʸڴԪҲʲô˶գǱҪʵġ
˿̴ԪƬʱ䣬һȺ˼ҴҸϳͷһȨϵΪҲҪ̤飬Ҳڹʯ͵ҩȱ΢ͽԼĵдɵ伮ԪоĲ򣬽ЩȨΪŻͻͽǰԼһ̤龳硣
ǵʦֶ̤硣
ƽȨҲޱȣڴԪּߵĻȨǴ˿̼΢ϵ˵Ĵ
񣡡΢ЦŷųһȨ𣬶Ȩ󣬶ǴԪԪϺ͸߲㣬˿Ҳһ
ŵĵӾ͸ˣÿһԪϣȨ󶼸żӣ΢֪ǵ״ӡĴԪΪѾ˹ģڶ࣬ҲΪȼŵģֻŵӣ֮ŵӣŵҪһģǸԪյ洫ӡ
Щ洫һ׿ԽֻҪʱգȻԳΪһ֣ܲܳɣȴҪ˵컯ͻ
˿Щ洫ӶǺĿ΢ǵе˻ͷһμλ˵еˣһǾηޱȡ
΢ɨһۣûºкһʣ֪˿̾Ȼںɽչأ׼ͻ浤ڶأ浤ľ磬ΣգΪӻ
ͻƳɹʱԪﵽԪ浤ʿ
һȻ£֮΢ͻ֮սȻһ¸߶ȡֻ΢û뵽ΪȻô죬Ҫ֪ԼҲʮǰĽɽͻƵġתһ룬΢ҲԼֻͻƣȫȡɣ׳ͻʱ˳ͻơȴȴ򣬸⣬ʺҪ֪֮ǰѾԪľ磬ָ㣬ͻҲڳ֮С


İپʮ ͽ
΢֪ͻƣһȥڴ֮ǰȽǸŮٺá
˸ովۿһĻȻޱȣȻͲ³΢ݵҪ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ΢ȥλҲֻǱ߰ӣ벻˼Ѿˡ
λһͳݣԸٷ˭Դ΢¼֪ǰʦҪ΢־š
Ψһǣ˼ԸԸԼΪͽ
뵽ľȵ˿ҲЩֺ̿Ͳ֪룬ԪȻ󣬿Ҳк֣ܶͬ˵λϵʿһɷǣ˭ݣֻ΢Ϊʦ
Ϊţ߬ȭͷԴѹе
ԱǸŮҲʮֽţû뵽ǸȥͨͨˣȻǴ˵е΢
΢Ĵ˵˵ʤ͵ŮУǽλŵżݡͻȻЩڣΪոҲڰʦֻûһɾȻҲûв³Էݡ
ٿͷѾˡ
ʱ΢Ȩλֻ죬ܿҪ뿪Ҫһ״ӣ׼ʦ񡣡
Ԫһ΢Ҫͽ۾һǼѣѾ봿ԪҲΪ΢ĵӣȨҲЩĶΪ΢ڴԪıּߣǺʹʦԪһֵĴڣҲÿڳʦ棬ܳΪ΢ĵӣΪȻͻͽ
ֻȨҲ֪ԼûˣҲʡ
ʵҪպ˵״ӣ¿Ǵ£ŷֵı֣ͽλͽܵı֡
Ļû˵΢ҲˣȻԼյĵӣǱֱȨҪߡ£΢ûй⣬Ц޷ֻһˣҪ²ԺΪˣһὫ֮λ
仰΢ô֮Ȩ˵ģȨһҲǵͷ֪΢д㡣
΢ʱ̸֣о٣ɱʫ飬ľȣ˿˿ǰȥ
£˵Ŀⶼ굱Уͬ飬ǸŮҲȾȣȻȻĿмźںĽ
΢ҽһ¡
ͷԽ飬ȻͲ󣬵ȴǳ侲Դеһ֪ɣĸôǰ˵ǺһЩģܽͰ˵Ͳˡ
ǰȨڶ֪򵥡
֮ǰҪΪʦΪͽսͽ⣬һǰλŮʲҾͽ¡΢óŮֻԲǶԷһԼܲ³ԼݣֱӰʦ΢ҲΪͽֻеʱ򣬻Ե˲ţ΢Լæڹ̵һͽѾǼޣȻٷյڶͽܡ
ʵϣ粻Ϊһ޵ţ΢Ҳͽ˼
ԵֺͻԵ
˵֮˿ǸŮ񶼴Ľ֮ɫܳΪ˵ĵӣǲ֪Ǽĸ֣ŮҲˣ˭֪ڣпܳɾˣº˵Ĺϵ˭֪
Ů֪ԼҲץסһԵںڣûеһʱ³΢ȥʦ
鴦ã΢͸ϵɽչ֮˿ֱչɽнƣ֪ǲ˴ţֽƣ治֪飬Ҳ֪顣΢˻Ȼȥͻơ
ֻһܴڴԪʱޣ⼸ǲأټ֮գңңڡ
޵޵ľľ΢ľѾᱻšһε꣬еĵ΢ѾȻȹġ
Ȼûнаʦ֮񣬵΢Ѿ̿ʼ̵ŮҲһ΢
Ϊ⼸ջƽϣ΢һ¡
΢ڶ峿΢ڸԪǧӽʱͻȻ½ơ
΢̧ͷ죬֪˽١
΢Ȼû֤ΪѾͨˣȻǰΡ
һ̣һĽ٣һһ΢һ֪˭
ξٺɽл顣
˺΢нģξٺɽ΢֪Ȼ˲ֻǶˡ
Ǻ棬һ£ȴһˣһ£ü֮ϸһӡɫȻһӲơ


İپʮһ У
Ϊ΢ǰȥɽʱξٺɽշԪţξٺɽһλӣȻӦˣȷǾԪ֪ܾһλԪĸŶûֵ̡
һʱԪܷչô죬ҲΪˡ
Զξٺɽ΢ʮָмģξٺɽͶǰ΢ӭ
ɽ磡
ֵܣˣξٺɽ΢ҲΪ⣬Ͼ΢ûиκˡ
ǻˣұñǰǿһԵĶ鿴΢ͷϷ·ϨĻԽĳȡ
ô˵ξٺɽҲһ㶣´һ΢Ҳֵܣ㾹Ȼ޵ˣÿٶȣһʱ䣬ƺĳֽ塣
΢ξٺɽǽɣ۹ȻԼ⽣޳֮󣬼ܿԼĽ裬ֻξٺɽˡ
ǰʱͻԲһŽ塣΢ʵ˵ξٺɽһǴϲȻǵ̫ˣֵȻ˻Եܲ򽣵壬ɴͺһ֤һңΡ
˵սߵһ࣬ǲˡ
΢ҡͷɽ磬Ҳ壬Ҳ͵Ϊֹˣν֤˽֤;ˡ
˵΢˼ѾǷǳףʱȴһЦôŷ̵㶼δ֤;Ĳˣ̫̰Ŀɲʲô¡
˵Ǹµˡ
΢յüͷһ壬ξٺɽҲЩãŤͷ֣ԡ
һԵĶҲһɫЩÿҲû˵
Ȼ֪Ķ˺ξٺɽͶʶ΢Ҳûж˵µΪֹҲûбҪٶ˵ʲôֻԸ˵ǸϵȻûôŹ΢
ɽ֣˵ɽڶˣһǽ֤ɶϷģҵɣ䣬ĸնһ·ͻ֤һѾ൱˲ˣ΢Ϊ֤ף𣬽û֤ˣҪ֪֤ģ׿ԽһĪ΢ΪԼ԰쵽һмʣֽŵ΢ǰɣ˵㣬д¶ѣûʲô˲˶ǣҲ֤ʵ֪
Ѿǳˣ΢ǾȤΪѾ˵ıʲô
ʿɽ磬һȺԼͶԷ֮ǰδı棬ԷԣΪԼһƪնԸ⡣
˵ʵ΢Ҳ֪ԼһƬնһ⣬Ͼֹ̫նȫǽ嶼˵˽ȥҲֶԷ
һ΢⣬Ҳû˷ڽǻʲô
һԵξٺɽͶ鶼һΣ֮⣬Ŀ⵱оȻǴһĵǡ
΢ЦЦֻǵλ֤֮ף΢Ҳֻһ֮ԣһ֮
ʾˣ΢ΪȻΪһСºʿʲôͻ
ԣ˼΢ʾϲĽѵ
һ£ǲ΢Ԫ£ξٺɽͶ鶼Щˣˣڱ˵ĵϽѵˣҲʵ˵ȥ
Ӣٺ˵˵ξٺɽǲˡξٺɽЩջ𣬶ףԷ΢ֻΪһƪնô򵥡
Ȼû˵ҲһˣӢ
Էһƺ˵ͷˣҲһЩȴǸ߰ޱȣȻɽô˵ˣҾ͸һӣղԣֻ֮ˣҲ𲻰ˣô¹δɽ߲ʻҪ׸¹ˣӭȢ¹ССĴԪȻҲշ
һʼӢĻ΢ô⣬漸˵΢Ƿһ˿ŹֵЦ⡣
ֻϤ֪΢Цݿɲζʲô¡
ӢⷬһڣԪ´ŭξٺɽҲɫһӢҲҪи޶ȣ֪΢дն²ˣһҲ΢һƪЩ³çʱսħ޶Ҳпԭһ˵ͺˡôһٶľ¹Ǻξģһ¹Ѿܾ˵װףֵֻܣڹˣʵڲǾΪҲƲ㡣
ξٺɽô˵Ѿںȳˣ˭Ӣ˿ΪЦЦνŮӺϣ¹δޣӢδȢΪβ׷ѵҪҲСӣʲôôһѧʣ͸Һ˵˵д׷ŮˣĪҲҪⷲ˵ɫҲ̫ˣ˵ⲻǾΪûǿȡᣬδ֮У


İپʮ ȡ
㣡ξٺɽĹǺӢҲŭĿӡ
ʱ΢ѾôˣӢȻǹˣĿ»ǼٵģҪΪ˶ԼŭԼ
˵ֶЩ׾ӣԸҲзӡ
΢ķӺܼ򵥣Ҫôֱȥ趼ϲҪôż֣ȷŭһȶ֣Ȼٴ趼ϲ
΢ͷСӣǸأܻǷ˴˵⣬£ԽǱŭԽãһЩöԷȷŭá
գҪöԷȡ裬ôȡ裬΢Ѿд㡣
Ҫ˵Ϲ˵΢޲ֱȥӲڽ£⣬Ȼ˭Ů˶˵ġ
ôĻ̫ͼҲԼĿǰݲǴԷҲҪѡʽ
뵽΢ЦŨһжг𱨳ӢļһܵԼָԼҵӵϷԼŮˣԷһѵ˻ΪԼء
΢ûӢߵξٺɽͶǱߣЦɽ֣֣ĪҪʥˣȻҲдˣֵһδԵӦúúóһҪ˴¡
˵꣬Ŷ˽˴ȻôԪڶӸøĸȡƲˣ֧ӣԣֻӣҲֻƱȨϵϳɾټ΢Ȼ֪ôԺܿ촿Ԫ¶жǾѹǸӢڡ
΢ξٺɽͶȥãþƣȻǿʼӢһ棬ᣬε˼㡣
ӢҪ棬˿̱˳ӣ̣ܻ
΢Сô˵ˣӢϲ£춼ұ㲻ţƾòҵļҵΪŪһ֮Ů㣬ϵŮ˶һֻҪ֣һЩôǾͻԸһСӢŭ˵ֻǻӦ΢ĹЦ
ɽ֣ҲЩӣϣһƣҾ㣡΢Ӣһڽ֮ƺˣξٺɽҲ΢Ĵ㣬ҲǰԺЦӢҲǳѾãľ΢ȴǲ̫Զ
ҲǷˣ΢ƱյһԵĶҲϯ˭Ӣֻ͵ķ蹷ѡ
ԽˣӢԽܻ
ԪĵӣҲ˼ΪŭǶȨȥˡȻҲһЩ벻ͨСΪβʰһˣʵǿ̫ɶ񡣡
ǰǰҿǹҲġ
Ӧúúýѵ
ˣӦòöԸɣ
һЩСۣʱ򣬾һǲʦõķԸ߰ϲӣʦ͹ӣǣûзʦУѾܻ𣿡
ڶһǸոձΪ״ӵһ˵̻ȻһϲЦտ
԰ô
ܻҪô죿
һЦʦΪδرѵû˵ʦħ޴սʱɱħ񾳸˵ʦλ˺ѣܻҲֻȡ衣
ڵӶޱȣȻˢӣȻôܱ˿УΪӡ
ԶȨҲЩۣҲǰͷ֪΢һ˲õŵӡ
ͬԣӢȷǿҪˣʲôʱӹ£Ҫһ
ڴʱԪɽǱͻȻһ֮ڵ΢һ㶣ˣλȥ
Ƿ𣬸ɽξٺɽͶҲǻ࿴һۣȥ
ӢһҲŭ׷ȥ
ٶȷɿ죬գ֮͵˺ɽȻºӱչصɽгѾ浤ڶأ浤硣
£ӢϲǼӿٶȹȥĻϡ
¹ϴμ㾪ΪˣӢȥ֮跹˼ټգʵӢϱĸ֣⻨ǳɽ߲ʻӢרŲ׸¹ֻô˻¹ľա˵꣬Ӣɨ΢һۣеĻ˹ȥ
ѹûпһۣΪһ̣Ѿȫ΢
ƹӢ¼ߵ΢ǰžȣϲá
ڻˡ
΢ʲôû˵ֱӽӵ뻳Уɫߺ죬ȴûƿ΢ǽͷϣһ̵顣
ξٺɽͶһ֪΢ӢĻػӢ˵һѷϻȲɱ
ȻӢһĻԭӢҲŤеĻֱӱ顣
΢Сɸһս


İپʮ 趼ϲ
Ӣȷˣ֮ӣɽ壬˭˲ǹ֤֮󣬸Ǵûܹӡ
ŮˣĿ˶ԷɫȻµȷɣɽһЩŮɣǶȲŮۼòԶһŮ֮ϣµòҲһϳ̣ӢȷΪԷɫΪԭ
ΪᣬӢӵбѰ˸ǿĸ֪ͷһθξٺɽʱ򣬾Ͳ²򵥡
Է⣬Ҵһ
Ȼһʮ䣬ܲһ˶Ӧȴԡ
ӢãԷе屦صġת顯˵ǶԷһǼΪʿ֣ˣɣˣ˵ɾѾǧԪ˸ɴǧ꣬վǴﲻ磬ҪģҲҪֻء£ӦþĳΪڵת˭ö֪Ӣ֮ϣп˾硣
Ż᲻ֺöԷչֳĽ֮飬ֻҪܽŮ²ôȵԷһ磬ٷĵҩָܻһļ䣬ʱͻΪԼһ
ôģԲűֳ˵İĽȴǱӡӢǸоգ޲̽΢ɱ
һŭ֮£΢Сɸһս
ΪԼôһԷ϶£ϾԼˣˣһ˻Ҫ΢ֻǷû֤ɣǰٷְٲԼĶֻ֡ҪԷֳ֮⣬Խڿࡣ
ȴû뵽˵꣬΢ʵ˵Ҫģɽ֣ˣ֣Ҳˡ
ξٺɽͶ鶼ǵͷȻҲ翴Ӣ˳ۣҲ΢«ʲôҩ
ѵ΢ĸҺӢ֣
˵΢һΪͻͽ˵ڽɽٳǺħ޵һսУնɱħ񾳸֡
ЩϾֻ˵ûۼʶϣΪ΢϶ӢĶ֡
ξٺɽԼҪԸӢҲҪһЩֶεġ
΢˾磡֪΢Ըһ΢ӣ֪Ҫֻ֣Ҳ΢ʵһεĶѾǷˣˡ
˶һη壬һԵҲ״ˣҲӢ֪Էµ⣬ǴСôˣϴζ˵ʦˣôôô򣬻ҪҪ˵㻹ҪҪ
Ҳһһ׵ġ
һǳ׵ӢŭŭڣǳȥⷲѾͷڳԣҶ˲㸸ĸ˫׽ѵѵ㡣
˵ţҪ
ڴ˿̣΢һֱ̤һȭӢϡҲ΢ٶ̫죬һΣ΢ʦֶΣһʳɻγһӢסΣȴӢһ˲䣬ֻоһͣȻǷֶãûʲôӦϾͰһȭ
ΪʲôҪȭͷõȴΪ΢ʱȭͷ
΢ΪɵǷ磬ǰ벽浤һȭͨͨһȭκε似ҲǼһȭʵʵĴӢϣǽԷɳȥ֮⡣
˶ˣξٺɽͶ飬û뵽΢ͻȻ֣˹ϡ
ʵϣ⻹ֻǿʼѡ
ǰ΢һŽӢߵȻͷһٺᣬֱȭȭ⣬֮壬ʱҲǰסѪˡ
ͼӢѪֱǱ΢һȭͷˡ˿ѪҽҪȴǸоһɽƻڣֻǱ
ܹǽְʮȭʼˡ
֡΢ˣǣл˵
ִ֡ˣˣ
ҲˣҲˡ
ϧˣ΢һȭԷӴ֮㲻Ǻţ㲻˵㳤Ӣô㲻ҪŮôҿôţôӢôŮˡ
ÿ˵һ䣬΢Ǻݺһȭһλҽ£ξٺɽͶҲˣһˣǾ鷳ˣҪ֪ӢҲͷС˵ġ
֣ˣ
ˣô
˿ʼȰ΢ĹǸ
΢˴ˣΪ㣿ҲˣҲڡ
Ӣû˵꣬Ļֱӱ˻ȥ
ӢҲˣҲˣ˺üţҲ̶ãʱӢģֱˣˣϲ



İپʮ նβ
ӢȻξٺɽͶĶ֣Էô˵Ҳһ֤ˣ˿ȴǱ΢ȭ
һʼ֮⣬ξٺɽҲЩɻ󣬰Ӣô˵ҲӦ÷һ£ΪαͷҲ㣿
Ȼɻ󣬵΢ôӢҲýʹ졣ӢΪᣬޱȣͬˣǲ˵ǿ֪˵˶ˣɱ˰ݣǲƽϣżһЩԷҲֻʩСͣĽӢټϴ˼ʹ棬ӲǲԴûԹ
һΣӢ΢Ȳ˵ԺΣͳ׵Ʒ˿
һٴ򣬼ֱǴӢ޵Ѫ棬澡ʧ⴫ȥӢûˡ
ʱӢܲˣͻȻһüĴӡǾȻǱһɽ⣬ͣһ̣ϵ·ȫѣգ֮䣬Ӣͻһϸɵİ
΢üͷ΢΢һ壬ӢҲЩ£ȻַƿԼӳϵġ

Ӣˣ΢ҲʦԽԷѹģȻոնԷҲܱסôʱ䡣
˿̣ӢûεķϵĽƣ˿ŭ޲ý΢ҧҲֻôģһſֱҧ˹ȥ
һСѣ΢շĺ׶ɱˣ㣿΢޾ɫͲȭͷٴˣö
Էҧ˹΢ֱʩչŲǣһͽӢ˺ҧ΢һ׷ȥ׾
΢Ѫ׾Ӣ˿̿Уϵ۵һ⣬ȻӲ΢һ׾
츳ȷǳܱ⣬ԷȻͿ׾ȷ
΢Ӣ֣ξٺɽͶҲ֪ٸɿȥŪòʰҲûӽ
˾Ҫǰ
΢ݣ˭Ҿɱ˭ӢѾǱŭͷֻһ£Ǿɱ΢
һβһڣȻʩչһɷɲ֮䣬ͼԪΧĽӺ˲䱩ǣеˮӿԪӣǴˮʹԪ΢ɡ
Ӣ򲻿ɣξٺɽͶһһӢ˴ԪľŪˣ˵ǳ׵΢˵Χ޹飬ҲΪһˮǿǴ
ӢˣѾǲܲˣ߶
һ˲䣬꽻ӡµˮֱͬյһֻƬ̣Ԫҳһš
΢ҴңңҾȻⴿԪΣӢЦţⲻ֪˿΢Ѿɱġ
֮ǰ΢ҲֻҪѵԷһ٣Ͼ𣬿ڣӢҪٵԪѾʼôˣӺˮǣûΧأвٴ꼰㡣Ϊһ֮ŭǣ΢̵ģ΢ɱӿ֡
һ£ξٺɽͶˡ
΢ɣӢˡξٺɽæѣ΢ĻڴԪѾǱˮһ룬ǴԪĻҵǷһ
һ̣ӢʩչµķͻȻǻ
΢ģ񽣾
񽣣ǧ꣡
΢˿̾ͬʵһѾֱƽξٺɽˣ˵΢ǲֻ֤Ը֤ѡ
һ΢ʩչ񽣣ȻǽӢˮ˲䣬ϵȫˮӰͬʱնӢ
ξٺɽͶʱҲֹȵǷӦɱӢһҽУ֮´ƬѪ꣬һһɳβնӢ壬ȴߡ
һĻξٺɽͶ鶼˿ûͺã΢ĽӢնɱľ޷ճˡ
ӵõ죡΢һ䣬˵ʵˣ˶ԷˣɱӢξٺɽ飬ԪڶӶܵǣ΢£ûй˼ɡ
ΪʩչľͲ񽣾ˣն
ξٺɽͶҲ֪΢飬Ĳ˵ֻҪһƪն΢ΪɱӢֱ練ơ
Ҳ֪һôģ˭УҪ΢һβͣá
˿̴ԪΧˮȥʧѾɣͿ̿΢ξٺɽͶڵλҪ̲ӢһΪɳԱȴ޹Ҷ˴ԪˮҪˮҴԪǶʱ򣬿ɵΪ֤


İپʮ ħɱ
һ΢⻰ξٺɽͶ龹Ȼûɴ˸¡
˿΢ǵĸоһǰĸڡԷһٲ˵նӢһβ󣬸ҪɳӢ״ƫƫ»΢ʲôӢϡ
ʣӢ˵ˣ²ŽиոտʼͱȥӵľӢ
֤ԸӢӣǿߣ£ȫǶԷȡΪ΢۸ϡ
ξٺɽʱЦ΢״ӸȥӢҪˣǶԺѲɹ٣ƽֺҲûٵˡֻҪһ㣬ӢˣԹŶˣִˣạ̊́£ǲưոݡ
ҾӦúɫǼһ˵˵ǹµģΪ΢۸ôҾҪַʽˣ΢ۣΣ΢ǰҲֻľǵķ˶ѣڣɱ΢޵֮⣬һֱǿԴһ㡣
ξٺɽ㶣Ц˵òηηţ۸㶼Ҫǣǻʲô΢治֤һ֤ɾͱȻᳬԽҡ
΢ҡͷѾԸģ־ᣬκε֤ˡ
ʱһ£΢һΪӢô֣Էһȴħ˾һˡ
΢ǰħ˾ҲǰӭӣһξٺɽͶҲڣҲǼæ
ɽ֣֣Ƕڣãǻȥһִŵġɹٳ΢ִˣҸ㣬ħħƽԪɱշ壬Ѿ´ħɱѾǱɱĿ֪꣬ͨ£Сģ⣬֤ԺǱҲеˣպǰ֤Ժ
ħɱ
΢Цˣ֪Լɱշ壬ƽԪ϶ô׷ŹԼԣԷȻʹһС
ħɱ΢Ҳֻħܷųɱûʲô˲Ǹħ޸ܵɳĵɱԼУһħ˾ħĻЩ鷳Լվȥ֤ԺʲôħǸĪΪɳǳصģ
ΨһǣҵģǴԪ
΢ҲԼǣ޹ңǱξٺɽͶҲ΢ǣң΢Ϊħ˾˴󹦣ͽǣξٺɽڣЩħһһ
ǽɵĳŵ΢ġ
΢ǵ̫ˣЩħҲħɱֲѹµӢԭʭӶ˲ҧʱҲټĿ˸Ц
ҪٻξٺɽͶ飬ûе飬̺Ǳŵɹһͬ뿪ֱʱ²ǰ΢˵
Ȼ֪΢ɳԱո˵Ķǹ£϶죬ֻʲôħɱ΢֮ǰΪʹǸӢȻһʼʹºҲᵣ΢İΣ
ͬξٺɽͶ˵΢̫ࡣ
£΢ǿı˭£ĬĬţȻͻұˮڣ΢ҲǺ۸ġ
һЦˣǸϵĶţǱ˴ǸӣֻΪҪ㶯֣ԼͰǸһˡ
΢ͷ˵ĵȷʵʲôʱʵǵһλģֻû׿ԽҪʱҲס
˵£ŵ΢мҪ
ܿ΢֪ô£ʦʱ򣬷˼һ侭ƤвܣǱ侭ʦĶһǼΪϧǰⱾ鲻СմˮӡвĶһ־Ȼһŵͼ
ͼǻڼΪϸ˿ϣΪᣬоκҲʮ⣬ˮԣֻн˿ֲˮУܿĶ
΢ʱҲ棬ⶫ򵥣ֱԼõĺƲͼҪ£ֻͼעĵط΢ȴǿʲôҲһ
룬ĵطȻʦйϵȥҡʱ˵΢һףʵҪ뿪Ԫ
µͷҲѾ浤򣬴󲿷ӦԣʵڲУкɽǣ¹ϵʦʦţұҪȥҿ޹


İپʮ ֤֮
Ȼ¹ʦ֮£΢Ҳ˵ʲôΪ־߽֮ͨǲ̫ġ
⼸¶ڰԼϴԪ΢ҲЩǷҪʲôȥʲôط΢֧
£֪ǵͼעĵطҿȥ΢룬ʱ䣬ǲżȥ֤Ժ
ҡͷͼĵطҲ֪ʲôطҴȥݼʦȻ㣬ңҪ뿪죬ʲôطȥ㡣
΢˵ͷҲͲǿ󣬲е׼Ҫġʱ䣬΢󲿷ʱ䶼һʱһξ͹ȥٱ֮ʱ΢һͼ¡
£ͼ鷳㽫ͼչ߶ɼЧ΢һͼʦֶλƵһͼȻͨǵɱȻ֪΢գ¶ԼģҲͻƵļ󣬻һͻƵ̤浤ʵһΡ
ֱ֮ʱǧԶȲעӣȵ׼ɽ֮΢ŰٴԪ飬Σºڣڻ½򣬴ԪǲҪġ
ħ޻᲻ɱԪ΢ÿԲ󣬾ԻƽԪ˽⣬Է϶֪ԸԪԼ𲻵ãһξٺɽڣʵ뵣ġ

ɳ֤Ժλɽ֮죬ɵ״ֻбѡģҼҪ֤ɹٲܽ롣
ֻгΪɹ٣Ҽ֤ſܱѡ֤Ժ
֤Ժռһɽɽű֤Ժڣ˿ʮ֤ԺɹѧӾ֤ԺǰȺ
΢ʱûͣҲûͣлξٺɽ˵棬һ˶ǰ
˷֤΢׳־ģյ;˽֮⣬΢ͬʱ֤
֤Խ࣬ɾͱԽ
ʱһɹٸǰ޴ޱȵɽţĿɿڴ΢ҲûЦˣΪոʱҲһӡ
ȴΪɳ֤ԺĴŵȷ̫󣬹ǿӣپʮɸߣҲʮɡɽţһľͷƳɣֻǱ΢ҲʲôľͷǶľ޴ͭÿһҲһ˶ߣǿӣ֪ޱȡ
Ͼɹ٣Ǽʶ㣬ҲһͱһŸסǸɹƬ̣̻عŤͷһͿ΢ڵʮɹ٣˹òԵĹּ
ʱͿ˵Ըеǹֻе˵ͷʾ⣬Ҳ˲ǣмͰ
ֵһʱûɹʱǰ̨֮ƾճһӰ
Ӱһ֣ڳʮɹȴΪӰɢ֮ԣ֤Ժеˡ
ʮˣ಻٣áӰɨһۣλãǰ֤Ժ֤űǵһ飬ϵǶǵΪ֤֮ţ˫ƿߣп֤ŶƲֱӻȥɣ⣬ʮϢûƿģҲȥ
˵꣬Ӱһ˦䣬ʧ١
ǰʮ˻࿴һۣжžȣҪ֪ſȥǱһɽҪأ˵ûгɣǳɣҲδƿ
һʱ䲻˶˼йؼҲûж룬ֱǰš
ͼһɹȥ˫ְϣȻͻȻʮϢʱ䣬ɽĴžȻǱƿһ϶һ̣ɹ룬У±պϣ˾޴졣
Щɹٶûз֣ǰȻһӰֳһ֧ʣһӣڼʲô
Կᷢдţ԰ƷɹκͨʮϢš
ŹֵǣڳɹƺһܿӰӰȹȻҪȣȻĳɷƾЩû֤ɹ٣Ƿֲ˵ġ
һȴ⡣
΢ͿӰˣֻûţԷĳ֮ǲ˿΢ҲɵĲ˼ҡ
һʼ΢֪ӰʲôģڿӦ٣Ǽ¼ڳɹپ˶ƿ֤֮ŵġ
ȥͦ򵥣һɹټ״ĴҲǰԣһƣ̷Ÿ޷Ĵڣƿ
ɹ亹ֱŶԲߣҲʱޣʮϢûŶԲߣǾͻᱻ֤Ժ֮⡣
ϳԣʩչ˵ʮϢʱþˣѾЩ֡ܳΪɹ٣ȻзǷ֮ͻȻ뵽һֿܣڤɵӳֵţĺ֤֮š


İپʮ һϢ
Ȼҵ˷ˡɹٸæӳˣҲֻʮϢŽƿ
ʮϢҲǺϸ
ɹٸæ룬ڽŵķŲˡ
εļ¼ٴ˿Сд˾ΣƷɹʮϢš
½ɹǰеĻʱ䳤еĻʱ̣ʮϢͶʮϢ֮䣬ֻһɹ٣ʮϢδ֤֮ƿȻȥ
ȻոǸӰѾ˵򣬱˸Υȥ껹عأûôˡ
΢żոѾžƿӦҪںԡͲԵƿ
΢ϸһ㣬֪ԼĿǰ漰ĵ;ǲ٣ɡħ䡢塢ʦн
΢Щֻû֤ˣڷ΢ҲֻǱĵõһѪˣҪ˵ԷжĲ˵󻰡
ǰߵ΢Ҫƿ֤֮ţӦҲʲôѶȡңʮϢʱ䡣
Ϊкаգ΢ѹɹһȥţ֮ǰǸʮϢɹ֮⣬ĶŶ룬һȻֻʣ΢
һ΢ȻҪˣոտǼ¼һһźɹٻѵʱ䶼С֤֮ŵʱ䶨Ȼ弫󣬼Ȼˣ΢ȻҪȫԸ
ֻʣһˣ΢ǰ·Ǹ¼ٵʱ΢ŻٶȣŶԷһ˫ֵھ޴ޱȵ֤֮ϡ
һ˲䣬߶ߵߵͬʱǳصľ޴֮ţ˿Ƿ춯ͬʱűƿ΢롣
¡һǼ¼ٴӸոչŵľлع
⡭˾ȻԿңλ¼ɹʱŷӦϴŨŨĲ⣬Ҫ֪֮ɲѰ˿ԿģһЩͨҪĴڣҲǲܵġ
ֻ鵱еһȵǣԷƺһ˲ͽ֤֮ƿˡ
ٶȼΪ죬һϢûˣͽƿ
ôܣԴ֤֮ſʼƺûôͿŵģҪ֪ǵӰҲϢʱ䣬ŽŴ򿪡
һ˲䣬¼Ϊ΢ס
ֻǺܿ죬ҡͷ֤֮ǵһʿδ֤ôףΪû֤֮ǰˣֶΡ
ȻһϢţô˵ԷӦı¡
¼Сдħ˾Ʒɹ΢һϢš

΢̤֤Ժͬʱɳ˾΢״Ҳʸ˾õһ١
ֻƹţǶ˾٣ֻƷɹ١΢дõ״Ӻǵ·ͬСɣɳɹ٣ȻΪһ֮˽˽罭Ӻ꣬ҪˮһţΪŪͿֱ̿ǵ졣
Ȼŭ壬Ҳ֪¼֣д״ӵ΢΢˭ǰ֪ܲڣȴ׹
˵һǰǼ޽֮ͱ֮˵ǰӣ΢дˡնƪ£նɱħ˵Ĳ˫¡ִ֮΢ɱշ壬˴󹦵ϢʵʵĹͣ˶ֻ֪Ҫ΢һ֤ɣǿܻ١
ѾǰƷƷɹ١
Ʒɹ٣ѾǺԼһˣԼΪ˰λӣȴ㻨ٶ꣬΢˵ڣҲʮѡ
ɵӶ֪ܲǣ;ȥǡȻҪһɹ٣ǶҪġ
ǣҲ򵥡
ӢᣬѪ˾磬Ʒɹ١ˣҲǣ鷳ɽ嶼ʮŽᣬạ̊́ͷλˣɲ򵥣һλˣɳλߡ
ҪΪ´Ӣһ˲֣һССƷСٸֵסԷŭ
ô
һʱ֮䣬λƷɹ뵽ѵУʱһĸ߽ºͶԷһ˵
˵¸ô
Ǹĸµˣ򵥣ôô˾ҪɹٲأΥɳɷǾӦôôɳɷ˭Ҳëλ˶ŭҲֻ΢ᣬҲܶ˾ܷġΪµ˶ȥ£΢һҪģǣˣ΢ǰٵʱ򣬾״ɹ٣ʱҲûܽ󣬻Ϊʥ
˵еˣ̽ӢץλƷɹͨйؼץˡ


İپʮ ʥ
֤Ժķ粨΢һŲ֪΢û뵽ɽ磬ҲԴ˵֤һУӰ첻֤Ժڡ
ȻֻǴ˶̶죬΢ѾЩϲ
˽˴ţΪÿһ˶ɵѡʱ䣬˽㲻ȥԡ
֤Ժڶɹپסǡط󡯡
һǧɸߵɽɽ䳲ǧṩ֤ɹپס
ط󣬻С󡯣в򣬶Ǹ伮͵䣬֤ɹٿģǷ㡣ʵϣȥʱ΢󲿷ʱ䶼⡮зĸҾ䣬кܶ飬΢ͷһο
ɵ伮Ͳ˵ˣĵ伮ҲʤټĹ伯Ȼ΢֪ʣСʱ΢ûкͱ˵
΢г֮󣬾Զǰɲͬսⲻͬ΢ϸһ֪ս
΢ҲǴ֤ģǴ߶ţһӹȥ֤ԺͽҲаԷʿٶȣƬ̼ȴ
ڴǰѾвɹپۼ׼˽
ʱɹټ΢ϸһȻǰʵħ˾΢ִˣ
΢Ҳǿ⼸ɹһֲۣʶҲòԵĵͷֻ񣺡΢
ұ˵ִˣִ˵ĴյüǲһɹټΪ˵
ܿ죬΢֪⼸˵ݣԼһû֤ɹ٣ԸšȻԼ΢ó⼸ɹƺĿġ
ִˣ棬дġɽҿǷΪ䣬һƪնɱ޽ҵҲĽѾãռȻһ֮һƷ۵вٺòġһϵɹٷ롣
ǰǰǲ԰ɹ٣ɲв٣ִˣʱһȥúóɲζһɹЦǺǵĸ
΢ҲûоܾϾһ֤ͬԺ֤Ҳǡͬˣܲܲ߶ͬɳΪ٣ҲǼΪҪġ΢һ·Ǩ˵кܶһ΢ûоܾϾһѶ·
ã󣬾ȥƷ۵£Ƕˣ΢Ҳ⼸ɹһ𣬲
ܴǰи̨ʽ״ѾڷźٸţԹʱѾв˾֮µɹҵλ
Ϻͻ΢һѡλò֮󣬾͵Žʼ
½˽룬Ƭ֮󣬽Ѿϯ
Ҳ֪˭˵ɵ֤ΪҪֻ֤ҪʥԺʥͬſɣ⵱ҲʥԸУСĵĳλʥҪ֤Ǿˣʷʥܵġʱϳ˵˵ͻȻһ΢
ҲһΪҪ˵ʥ˭ܱȵù΢
˵΢ٵʱ򣬾͵˵ʱʥԺͯʥҪ֪ͯʥʱҲǺӰ΢Ȼҵ沵⣬ȵȷǴˡ
ʱ˭Ϊ΢Ҫù٣Ժǲ̤˭ķչȫͬʥȻΪ²ͯʥһöԷʥ֮λ
µֵķз˭˲֪
˵΢Ӱģ΢ӰҲǴ֮⣬΢Ϊɹ٣ҩɽְʱָһĽġ֮˵¸ǼŭһЩصˣҲһЩʥ΢
ΪʥԺҲвʥ֧΢ͰʥҲˣ΢ûΪܵӰ졣
»κһϣһɹ;ʹսˣ΢ǵûУ٣ԽԽ
ʱ΢ִԲӣˣƫģǴҲܳΪʥʥдΪβ̸ָ
΢΢һԲ˶ˣ⻰˵̫û˸ҽӣΪеܲͬͬǻ鷳
⻰˵Ķԣڴ˿̣ͻȻһ˽ӻһ㶣̧ͷȥ빪Ϊ˵ˣѾǴӴ֮ϵ̨£Ȼܣʥ
΢һҲæҪ˵ʥԺʥҦʥ΢ϵ΢ҲʶʥԷƷǶֵ΢ġ


İپʮ ΢
Ȼһģʥ
λߣѾǴƷƷƷɹ٣ڼˣ͵ڳδ֤ɹٵУųɾŶǾƷɹ٣΢δ֤ɵģλӰƷɹٵģ˵֮٣֮⣬ûС
ǰƷܣҲҪģɳأ˭أͬϵ˳ƺ΢Ϊִһ΢ֻƺּɡ
˿ܴӿ£һʥഫʥɱī䣬һƪسħƪɱʮħħޣνһս
˭˵սǿ
Ȼһֳ֣ѻȸ
΢ղ˵ĺܶԣֵľΪϣԾǶԣǴʥ֮ˣҲҪڳϣڸ˵ʮ㣬ͬͬ磬˾һ
ܵ佱΢ǳΪ˽㡣
ɹٰԭ˱΢ȴΪ֤Ժλ͵Եʣڣ󲿷˲֪˾Ǹ΢
Цſ΢һۣȻ󻷹ܣΪλԸղŻΪ֪;֤֮ͬʥԺʥö˻ȫʥϲãʥϲдٺã֤ҲΪԭʧܣҲǣ
ѯʣڶɹһǻ࿴һۣû˸һش
û˻شȴΪľˣ֤ȫºûڳĶɹ٣粻Щ滰ˣΪĳЩǵĳλʥϲλʥӰʥĹ۵㣬һʥ˼д֤£Ҳᱻö֤
ʵû˸˵ΪܻܿʥϲǼȻʥ֤ͷ˭Ҷײܣ
֮ǰǵ΢˵֤è壬Ǵ˿̣۹۱ǡǹۿڡڹģ
û˵û˾ûɵʱ򳪷
ƫƫ˸ҡ
ǣ
һǣͬһ㣬˶סˣסˣ˲䣬˶˵ˣ֣Ǹ΢
ִˣող˵ˣƫģǴҲܳΪʥôô˵Сʵʵ벻ͨո΢ڷĹ۵㣬ôֱˣ
΢ûлشϣǿʥȴǷ䡣
һĻ䡣
һ΢Ĳ˫û֤ɣŰܣһΣɳʥԺԡɷΪ⣬ѧģ΢дһƪǿʳۡϽȥȴǺ޻
˵±ûбѡϣ΢ϣһƪǿʳ֤ۡƫƫûСԵɣ΢Ҳܲ³һ̫Ȼֻһˣȴǹ°ĺܣΪľ΢Ըһɺ⣬ûд
ΪЩ飬΢˵֮ǰдЩģɳһЩɹʮֲʥԺʥҲж˹ٲ
ʱ΢ƫšΪ˺֤£ֻҪЩ֤Ӧ֤ɡ
Զ׼˵֤ص³
һΪ˵˲䣬΢ѾǲһƽģֵľǿʳνĲƽֻΪģ˵ƽƽҪԼȡŵģ֤Լġǿʳۡ
һԼΨһһ£С󣬺νǣǿ˵ԣǾǶԣ˵ԣǾͲǶˡ
˿̣΢ʥҲӳΪ΢е
ֳţ˶΢ɵˣȻô˵Ҳ飬ʥǿ΢ӦòΪһС¾Ͷŭ
Ƭ֮󣬾ͼʥ΢΢һЦԼã
΢ҲЦЦʥ΢ƪն֤֮˵Ҳֻǽ봫ļҲû˶֤ɣ΢˼ǰ󣬾ÿ϶˲ϲƪ£Ҫôµɣ΢նԵħ޶ʵԩ΢ãд֤֮ģҲδ֤Ҿӡ
һ⻰̲סЦˡ
ԭգǵһЦ⣬΢ն˭֪˵ʵ˶ãƪնȷʸ֤ˣɽûУһЩ˵ȷ棬ΪºУ˸ʡ
û뵽΢ǵʥֱ˳ʵǴ󵨣΢ûһ㲻෴һίĺίһ㡣
ʥҲЦˣ£ͬ΢˵ǰ㡣


 £
ʵնʱҦʥİо϶һƪ֤ѾΪ΢֤΢λ
Ϊ̫һλ˶ʥԺʥܵѹŲա
һ룬ɲǺ΢˵һ֤ܲȫʥϲãʥϲдٺҲûá
΢ȻҲƽȥˣλʥҲ۹һƪնȷɱ̫أΪˣûи֤Ҫ֤´Щɱɡʥ˵꣬΢Ҳûо²ţǼþգʥŲ⣬Ϊ˽
˽ʱ̶ʱһʱ꣬ʱҪһ죬ʥһν⣬ȥʱƮȻȥ
Ȼڶɹջķᣬǳ˸ǸãǻȥʣҪд֤¡
΢ΪӦǣԴ˿Ǹһ𣬵˳ϵĶƷ轻̸
ִˣʥĹϵǳǼշϴ˿ȡɲ裬ˮݣƬ֮䣬ݣ˵֮䣬Ѿǽݸ΢
΢ЦЦʵ˵ʥ죬λ΢Чͣɾҡ
ò˵ϵɲȷ΢ĿǰΪһڶоһ񣬾ȻǸоΪҲ
ִˣΣ˶ıɲ裬κȣΪ֮ЧǷ˺ˣ٣ǲöõļƷҲг֣ˣŪءһֺĻЦ˿Ҳɲ裬һ
΢ͷ˵ûȷˣ˵٣һľƷɹǰƷɹٶȲ΢Ҳŵζȴûкȹͷһء
ֻ΢֪ϺͻǽύԼɲ裬϶ͼ΢һڣͽӷ£ȶԷڡ
̸˵ȥû⣬΢ʣҲȹһϺͻʵǱﲻסˣǵִˣǶδ֤ɹ٣˭֪ľѳɳΪ٣ƷޣûпɽǾǴ粽С
΢˵ͷͬ仰ҳϺͻ˼΢Ѿˡ
΢ͷ˸˵ǱһţҲνϵǵһסϵɳУϵкܶ࣬סûмҶʹƷɹٸ߼һѡҪ֪ʹʵȨģ˭ߴӣҸߴ˺ӰбƵбҲжʮλ࣬ũȶ٣Ǹߴ˱󣬻һλ˳
ϺͻԽ˵Խ𾢣ȴûע⵽΢Ƿһ˿Ц
Ҫ£ԼͶǸ߼
߼΢ҲжţϾǰҲؽɳҲнȻ˵λ߼ߴ˵ķ
൱ã԰Ͳ˵ˣÿһμӪ̢佫ʿʵС䣬˵ͬޣͬʱ֤ɵ˫ˡϾҪϵɾ֮
˵ʵ΢ϵΪɳҲеɹٶϵ΢Լһϵܶʱ򣬺ܶ飬ɲˡ
߼ҪԸһˣȻᶯϵ΢ɲ޹ǹʹԼܵõʲô
һŵѣָԷһѣɡ
ڳϺͻո˵߼ֵʱ΢Ѿ˴㣬֮Ϻͻ˵꣬ȫΪԼ˼ҵĲ衣
˲裬ܵ˼Ұѻ˵ꡣ
ڣ˵ˣ΢Цħ˾ɹ٣ڴ˵ܸͶͥλ⣬΢ˣ΢ͲˡˣöλƷһ΢£ȸˡ
˵ţ΢ȡöʯϣȻĳϺͻ֣Ȼתߡ
ִˣ
żִ߰ˣ軹ûء
˷Ӧæ׷˳ȥֻĶ΢Ӱӡ
˶ɫһ»ȥ֮˿ϰڷŵö΢ǲǷ飬ԲǲͶߴˣҪҪԸ
ҲɫеҼ£΢ͬɹ٣ҲˣȻʥҲйϵҿӹϵ֮ǰʥΪ΢ŲͯʥһǺпܡһǲҪĺá
ڣߣȻٲСħ˾٣ûʲộҲûʲôɽ͹麣Ҳֻ¼ĹϵȵǸߴˡĲм
ѾͲˣ˵ڣ΢ǶҪԸҲѣֻǸ߼˵Ҫ£ˣûãҲֻܾʵϱߴ˶ɡ


٩һ ͷ
֮⣬ʦε΢ͨϺͻ˵̸˸ףһΣʧ١
߼Ҫ£Լ⵹Ȥ΢ɲǵԼʶǸ߼ԷΪҪ£Լ
΢ܾĸɴ䣬Ҳ¶Է֤ԺԷԼΡ
ңҪΣ΢Ҳ¡
Ȼ΢ûʶѾɳһˡ˵һ·Ǩÿһһ󹦣˵Ĳɼߣ׫ɽ֮ġնܶҪ˲£ȥ
֮⣬ǰʱ䣬ӢҲ磬ȴ΢ݺݽѵҲǴˣϾҲ治סҲûҪšȤǣӢһ٣Ǳնβ˵ǳ˴ȴǣ΢д״Ͷ̲ӢȻǱץ
ֱʹˮ
£֪˭΢Ĵֱָ̫ˣӢһ᲻˵ñ֣֮ӢץЩˡȻҲΪˣ΢һЩɳ߲Уǵķۡ
֤Ժ΢һֱ͵ܶ˶֪˭Ǿʥ£΢ִ֤ԺϺˣԽǵȵ΢ߵԼĶʱﾹȻѾǵŲɹ١
΢һȺɹٶΧ˹ҽܣ΢һЩ˵ӣ֪ǵĿĺͳϡһġ
ǶҪ֪£Լĳϵģ΢Щϵ˿ûȤ˹ٻɹ٣ֻҪϵǶʲô¡
ϵУѡһЩصҲᾢһʹ󲿷ˣضʱܵӻ֮⣬ʵʲôô̲
кôҲϵλ߳Ա㣬©µһˮˮˡ
΢İǣȻĳϵеСܣ¸̸˵ԷԼѹƲϵˡ
ֻ΢͹Щ˵ģ죬΢챻ɧţЩɹٵ֪סĶ΢ҪôǴŽύĻ£
ʱ䳤ˣ΢ǲʤ䷳ȥ˵֤΢ɴͲطĶ㿪Щˣ֤ԺܴһطһҹҲܹȥ
˵΢ҵһĵط֤ԺҲﻨԴ֮ءط֤ԺɽһСɽϣ滷Ϊľﻹָɫܣֻ΢ǵһҵˡ
СɽϣѾһݣס
΢ûмˣ΢ݻһҲֻܵȵ˻΢ݼªҲɾ£ӦĳԼһɧŵĲʤ䷳֤ɹġ
Ȼ˿ｨݣ΢Ҳԡ
ӲԶһյأʩչŪӺ͵ݣһᣬȻ󣬵ס㹻ˡ
ӣ΢СɽĴй䣬Ļ˹ֲģôһ֮£΢ȻҲµķ֡
Щܣ˼޽֮ɵ»֣еĿеŵȻЩܱϵļãȻ˾ϡ
һ͵ĺҶҶ֮ǼβӰζԱ߻ʯʯʣȻƾľſ˼
ԼԸ٣΢ϲĸоѾ˽ύ˼
ˣȻûмˣ΢ѾԷƢԡ΢ӿһɸпһ򣬼СԺʯбīֽ⣬Ȼڣд˰˸֡
΢ﰲȻӰ죬һľҽ֮дֽϵʱͻȻһ΢
£֣ôʣ
΢һڵΪ˿ȻԲ˵΢ͨͻȻȴװ׵ĸ΢ں棬ǿһˡ
Ťͷһ΢վһòͷ
ͷȥͨ㣬һˣһׯںŶӺͿȶǸ߸Ƥڣǽڴִ󣬶ҸӺܸߣϴЦһ͡
΢֪ͷȻˣԼܹ˼ҵֽʣЩʧ񣬶΢֪ԼǳˣΪѾԼ̫ࡣ
Ҳ˵Լ֮ǰ´ˣԭΪҲǺԼһǰ֤ɹ٣ֻϲܵ®ӣû뵽ѹô¡ԼǰˣѾͨ˵ķ롣
΢һ񣺡ѧ΢ͻǰ֡


٩ ߼
ͷǺһЦ⣬ǿ΢΢ܺá
˵꣬ȻԹԵ߻ݣ΢һԺӵУ΢ҲƬ̣׶Էʲô˼΢ԲǸǵģͷ⣬֪ԷȻԼǻ˵ûй룬΢ԼСݡ
ԷûйǾǲ⣬ԼԺӣҲԼıīֽ⣬ӦãҲԼھӰɣ
֮ԷȻû£΢Ҳסط΢ǲȥˣã徲ʺ֤λͷ˭΢֪Ҳȥ̽

΢ܾ˼ϵǶ㿪ˣϢʼ֤Ժ
ɽ죬һɸ֮ڣ߼ǰӭǰϲı͡գ߼檵ӣȻСʮλһλʵȨɹ٣һŮʵǲࡣ
Ȼ߼۵ǱȻҪб߻֮òһȢС檣һλո֤Ůɣͷһۼʱ򣬾˼Ը߼ȨƣҪһŮɴԼҲʲô¡
ڷУ˸߸ϣŮɣʥַԼЩŮٸ߹ٵţƯԼ¾£޾ޣ˭棿
߼ϲָ߸ϣƿһеĸо
ϲ£ȻҪٴ죬Ȼոôһʣ
˿̣߼ɹٵ·ޱȡ
ˣˣһöȼ
ˣǰ˵Ǽ£һȥ죬ǸҸ߼ӣǵС£Ͱϡ
оϴȱϯҪԷ
бǰϲЩԱܴһֶбϵʱ򣬸߼һˣһ㶣ӭȥ
ԷһߣһΪɳУΪѾ˲ã߸߼ҲϵãԷȨƿɲС
ˣϡͣ߼Ϊɵ֪˵ֶΣ˵λǰѾʼչطҪɾֻ֮ûгɹ
ɼˣҲڲ֮ܵˣԼ֪ٱ
߼մϲ֮գҲһϲƣ᲻ӭɣ֮ƣ˵ŭΧɹͿλУҲһפ񡣶ԷλߣΪߣ˵һηûгɹҲǴﵽɣԼȻҲˣλǾͲ̫Զ
߼ȻӭԶԷĵλԼϲԼ棬Ȼǽλ˵ҪĹӭӣͬ룬Ȼ䰲֮ϡ
ǶԷﵽΪֵˣ˵λƷɹ٣λҲߣֻϧûзɹ򣬽ƷɹٱȻǰ϶ֱƷɹٵĹλ
ôһλ߼Ҳҵ
ʱС͸߼˵˼仰һ㶣ŵһǸȻ˵˺Ժͼһ˵߼ǰֵ֣̾ˣʱܱܣɲֵܸߡ
ʮǱȻӢ
߼һüͷ΢΢һ壬ǰӢϵǲ֮ǰҲǿԷãû뵽˲Ȼһδ֤΢ѣǱ򣬶β˹١
ӦǸոշų˵ʵǿڶԷķݶϣ߼ôΪӢѾǷһô
߼гǸ˿̹һЦϵܣֵܵĹϵסþסãо仰Ȱһ䣬Ůˣֻ㣬ΪһŮ䵽һأοأŮɣҲûֱ̫ʧˡ
ӢһҲʮֲһתҧ֣֪ҵģֻһŮӣСʧȴΪǸŮӲ򵥣ҿܿת
ʲô߼۾һȻ֪תʲô֪Ӣ壬ųͨ˵ĸ֪һпܡ
ǧȷҲǼɣűǸ΢˺֣˭뵽΢ô֤ˣȻܽҴú޻֮֮ҺǽˣưɡӢᵽ΢۾Թ֮ɫ
߼ûпȻ֪Щ֪΢򵥣£΢Ϊ˵ֵĻ΢Ӣ֪߳٣ֻҪ΢ԸԼͶԼôӢ飬Լȥܡ
ֻ΢Ů˾ȻתԼҪҪŮҪ֪Լһš֮˵ԽŮһ


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ԥʱһ״ֱ䵽߼Уһ֪ԼϢһɫ䡣
΢ȻҾܾҵĺ⣡
Ȼ֤ԺĳϺͻģǸ߸߼΢ܾǵ£ø߼ΪջǲԼӰ
Ȼʶ̧٣ݹҲˣ߼뵽ԥҪҪӢ˵ǸŮڿǲҪԥˡ
Ϸ֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣һ߼ҪԸ΢һ԰æ
߼Ťͷһ㿴վں棬Ҳ֪ʲôʱģԷΪȻԼҲǺ޲
ӢҲ˵״Ǿޱȣ˷ܵǶԷĻ
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һ֮󣬸߼⣬ȴǹЦµ棿ˣڲҲҪѲƤΣħ˾ٶˣ̫ˡ
¹ϵش³֮ǰв͸¶䡣ϼ޻һ
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úӢַ˵Ǹ뿪߼ӢҸˣȥȼղ顣

΢бʣīδɵһƪ£ƽ
һƪ£΢֤֮ģһһƪǿʳֻۡ΢ԼӸĶʹ֮
΢ţһƬ£ؿ֤̽ʥԺȻҪ֤Ǿ֤ͬ΢ѾãԼ֤ɡħ䡢ټʦһ
Ѿ׼ȻҪΪ
棬ħ΢Ҳֻһţ΢ħű֮Ϊ죬ֻ֤ʦ΢Ե˱̿ĴУ˵ǳ˱֮̿⣬ܼҪ֤ѣֻ͹΢ࡣ


٩ ҹɫÿ
֤ԺУĵ伮Ҳв٣֤Ĺĵã֤ԺҲǰ֤ģֻٺɹٻ޸ġ΢˵ĹЩͬѰ
΢Ҳɻ󣬵һֱδܽ
ҹ֮΢ϣڿС
֮΢ǵԼѾӵؾתɽУȻӴ˿ɽ֮ճжϣĹѾֻܼؾſԣ΢֮η֣ԼĹɿԼҲԼ
΢ɻѣֻԼã²ñ٣Ԩǹߣ΢Ҳ˵
Ϊ²ԼûŪ֮ǰֻ֦߱ڡ
΢пܵ飬ԼֲûдӵؾĨȥʱԼרŵĨȥԼֻֿ֣ܡһ־ǲ֪˭½Լд˵ؾϣһ֣Լڵؾϡ
һֶ֪΢˭ûи˭
ڣ΢Ҫ֤ɹɣԼɳʷһ˿ͬʱ֤ɵ͹
˿΢֮󣬴żö񵤣Ȼһȥ΢̽һϢйɻҹ֮ǰ΢ȻŹᡣ
ٷУԽɽ˽
죬ｲɵϣͻ˹˿ѾвٹٵȻҲޱȣɭɭ˲
֤Ժٲֻ࣬ʮϡϡڴУȺɽ١
΢Ҳһطĵȴ
Ƭ֮һŹˮȪӿ֣һλƾճڴСҲɣȻϱͬҪһЩҲɣйеĵͨ
˵ûֶΣһ˶ƥеġ
λɹɭɭѪɫ£һѺɫĳ֮ųڶٵƷɱʹὭ˷Ƚ
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΢ЩὭɣҪ֪統Уɵɽ˻࣬еĹɳҪľԲֻأ޹֮
Ϊǲҡ
λὭɸ̤һѾǱȾ󲿷ֹɶҪȻֵ΢Ҫ֪΢ϤҲûȥһɡ
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˿Ӱ΢ôһ죬벻˭ԷҲһλޣ֮ǿΪ΢ҲǼ֪ٹ֣ȥֻн֮Ტۡ
Ǻˣ
΢һ¾֮˾תһΪŹֵı顣
ֱһ£ȴƫƫŰˣǲһˣΪĳԭֻӲͷƤ
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˵ֱ꣬ȡһ΢ȻΪɵĿһ۲Զݣͷסĵط
˺ԥһʧ١
ƾһ㣬ԷΪɲ⣬΢ۣҲ˵ΪٶǺͽһǾɡ
ǿѾ죬˭ΪʲôԼͶ
ʲôû˵˭Լģ
΢ʣԷߵļֹϣѯʡ


٩ 
΢ͷ˿Ķһöָϣ΢ȴǿⶫʲôʵأƽǽʯʯͺͺһƬҲǴֲڵĺܡ
˵ԼϣʵЩĪ
΢ȻⶫŵۣܿⶫǸӵػ껤ĹЧ
Ϊ֮ߣҪкԼ˼ҲûҪֱָͨӶ־ͺˡ
΢ȻĽöָϡ
λɸ֣΢ո꽲вٸ򣬵ǳһͷȡշŪļö񵤣ȻһͿʼ
ҩǿÿһöΪڹĹɣ֮󣬼ǿԵõԷеĹΪ
ټϽ΢ĸĹΪȻͻͽһͻ˹ﵽ˹
֮Ҳֻһ֮ң
΢ڷҪ֤ģ΢뵽Ȼᣬй񵤣翴Լһܴﵽ־磬˵ֱͻƹɡ
ɾ͹ɣԼʵҲͻͽˡ
΢תԼĹȡľľɵǿΪ
˿̣֤Ժͷϣ˲ʱܲУ۹ȥһЩոĹ٣˿ҲӦ̧ͷһ֪ôˡ
벻ȻйʿҪ֤ɹɣҲ֪λǰһʱ
ȥͷܿͱѹȥ
ʿ֤ҲǲܱŵģҺɵʿͻһʿ֤ɣҲнóȻȥһܴţܻᱻ꼰㣬԰ڣȻ˸ҹȥ鿴
޲ȥ⶯Ҳ˲ɵʿȴǰ޽ɣ˾ȻҪ֤ɹɣǷ׷׳ǸɹȥҪ֡
һ΢֪Ҳһκʱ֤Ӧлߣ˾ţ֤ʱ
ʱԱͷ˳һ΢ҡͷСӣϵҲˣǼ޽ӻҲļ޽֮Ͱһء
˵꣬ͷһӣһ󱬿һǿޱͬˮһӳȥ
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Щδ֤ɹˣЩԭ֤Ժְɹٸǲȥۏˮ
ȻܸоһϢ˭ȷһ㣬ȥǶȥųλɲһˡ
΢Ȼ֪ԼԵɺϵӹһ٣ȴΪھӰæ
߷ų֮󣬱Ҫ̻ȥʱƺǷʲôŤͷȻǳ΢Ǳ˹ȥ
Ȥոûע⣬ɹ٣ҲûΪ޹ˣǰ٣ɳɹ٣ؾӦóŶԣûгǵؾ뵽һֿܣҲһȻ
ˣֲøղżĻԭͶΪʲôСͨô⣬ĺεݣôţʵǲסͷȻվһԿ΢֤
֤΢ԴǺ֪е񶼳ڹС
˿ĹѾͻƵ˷󾳣΢еĹ񵤣һȫ£һͻơ
ͬ΢֪Լͻá
ֻ΢ѹû֤ȱĹҪʮҪȻô֤Ժˡ
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ͼ΢ϵһɰԭŨ㣬ڵΧľȻʼѸٿήͷһæ½硣
Сôô󣬲ҵĻͷһ̣˵ˣΪ΢ΪģϱĸͻȻĵţĸΪֲĹӰ˳
ӰͷҲȻɫ䡣
⡭⣬ûпɣȻ٣СӾǡͷ֣һ̣ĸΪֲĹӰͻȻ΢


٩ Ź
٣ǹ֪Ĵ٣һУſһУҲֻһ
֪ΪѾĹɣ˷룬һ֤ĹˣΪһ٣ʮа˾Ҫ֤ʧܵģ˵һĸ
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Щˣʱ΢Ҳ۾һĻ
΢ԼҲһ˵ո̷񵤣֤ͷҲֻɲ֮䣬ô۾ͿĸֲĹӰ뷽跨ҪԼͷ
СˣٲѣҲýѣ֤֤ΪҪķʣҲãҰţȻˡͷʱµȻʮֲˣҲǣֵģƽ޹ʱУȻ൱ջ
ķʣĪ٣΢Ҳޱȣʱ伮ҲдɽȻ
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ʱķƱǣסͷһֱ΢
СӣǸԼԸҰﲻæˡͷһ΢æ׼ʹ΢ֶһ΢֪ԼӦòǶ֡
˿УųǿѾĹצʣֶβкüΣ΢һ㱻Է˵
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΢һ㱣ָ֪ҲǺ²ѣöָԼѾˡ
ָϵĺɫָɢ͵Ĺ⣬ƺĹ⣬Ǻˣ󷢳һ˻С
졣
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ߣⲻǻ󣬶ʵľ
һְյ磬ٿһڤ裬ĸо
ͬһʱ̣ɽ糤ĳһϥȺɽ֮۵ϵͻУ̧ͷ֤Ժķһ⣬һͯģСһˮţϺʱҲӦ
죬졢죬죬졭
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֤ԺĪ޽СŪĶڣյеһУһλ˾һʮɸߵĵ¯ǰ˵ѹûᣬר־ĵ
Ӧһɲĸ֣Ҳһ뷨
ΪǸоĳϤϢȻ֪˭ĶҲᣬɽûһǰ̽顣һˣЩܶûжǰ£ҲɵܹȥһĳλɽܲˣǲҲʹ졣
ǣɽ󣬾Ȼᡣ


٩ һ
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ͬٲ·ţ٣ǸоҪɢһ㣬ѹ֮΢ֻǼ˲Ϣ͸оҪѿˡ
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ƫƫһأ΢оԼȥˡ
΢־ʵܲסһķʾۺһɵ󣬾ȻȫѹӳԼϡ
һöɫָ΢ͱ˺ѳƬɢˡ
Ϣʱ䣬΢˵Ҳ·ǹһһ̫尾ڣ΢о˺ܾãһˣΪȥˣû뵽һ̣оȻӿֳһֳա
˲ʱ䣬һɳȵĴ֮ͷ£΢ǸоһɻصܽԼֻ֣˲䣬ͷ·֮µһѩ˲ڻһ롣
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չգͷһ֪΢ʱû£ֻΪܵشǶʱٴ֤
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һ߼˫۷Ź⣬һ˿
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뵽߼ǽĸ顣
ħ˾
վһǰڷٸλþò
Ǵħ˾ѳְɹλĵطǧʱλħ˾ɹ
ÿ죬ڶҪ԰ݼϰߣħ˾˶֪ȻǶھ岻ѡ
λĳԲǣֻض룬ֻǵƣĳûѡֻǽλڴ˴ڵȼ˼㣬Ȼǰ棬תȥ
ո뿪ͿʮɼףֳɱɽѾǽΧסˣλɾɹϵһˣԷǶԺɹ٣ΪߣԼ̣ר׽ôɵɹ١
̣ȴǲŲæʵλ˴ħ˾кιɣ
ǴͷɹٶڵˣԺ˾ȥһˣʲô£˿ѯ˾ˡ
ڲɵӣȻóץԼġ
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ΪԺǰ벽˾ΪƷɹ٣мලɳɹְ֮ŵɳɷǶ䷴棬ʱ˭סԼ
ڵͷȻ˾ңȥȥֺηǼɢȥɣøʲôʲôǵݣɳɹ١
仰ԼǼɹһЩʣǴ˿̣ѾǸһ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ڴɱúϢʹɳ¿ǷͬСɡ˭ǿɣħ˾٣ǶԺûƾʵݣҲԲץˡ
һЩ֪Ҫˡ
ڱԺߵĵڶ죬һλΪƷɹݴħ˾һְʼʹħ˾һɹְλ
һ֪ǻزˡ


٩ ɳ
ɽ죬ɳͥڡ
˿֮ͥϣɹƼͥᣬÿСμ֮ͥɹ٣֮λֻߵλ⣬ĪС⳯ʸܲμӵĶɳƷϵɹ٣ɳͳʮˣͥ顣
ħ˾֮£飬ֻҪõɹٵĸ飬Ǿͻִȥ
߼Ϊ˾٣ȻʸμͥᣬһǰλõĵԷһ˼Ҫıħ˾ͼҲ֪
ʣͥɳĺģܲμӵɹ٣ǼΪҪġ롯Ϊɵۡ͡һ㲻μճͥᣬԺܶ飬ڳɹٶ;
Ҳ˵Խ࣬ͥĻȨҲԽ࣬нֹƲܣֻҪ㹻ɹ֧㣬ôͿ
ͬɵۺ;ǰ
߼֪ԼͥĻȨԼҲĸɹٿԸԼľ⡣
ϵǾһЩȨ
ɳһʮĸ˾ãǶʮλ٣ʮ˻ʣޣʮˣҲʮһˣԼ͵һ𣬾ռ߰˸ѾǲСıˡҪ֪ܶʱʮ˻ʺ޶μӳᣬ֮󲿷ɹٶֻȨֻ̬ҪܾԣǾû⡣
һΣʮ˻ʶˣҲΪҪħ˾֮λԼδڵľ顣
µ׼ǸٱˣգҪħ˾ٵλá
δڣ͵һ£Ǿýն̨
ֻˣһ˰ˡ
²ף˵ûʲôϵλ麣ˣܻᱣλ
ʮһ㲻ֻ̬Ҫ̬ǻ˸档
˿֮ͥϣѾ룬һɵۣĸͼλɶûǵλһˡ
֮ϣһ⣬һЩ£߹ϵɳΣĴ£ǻŻ֡
һͥϵλߵľˡ
ʮ˴˿ǰλãֻܿһӰ߼˿̿һλӰͷȴΪĿɽλˡ
Ȼ߼Ϊûкϵһ˾֮λ
ͥᣬ£һǹڵħ˾ȷӪʮһλɹһλӦѾϢ˰漰ڣϵԳ֣նɱɳʮһλɹ٣˴δãλҪ鶨ᡣڶ£ڴɣħ˾ִƣҲһѡִħ˾һλ˳˵ͥ
λˣǸ߼Ŀɽ˳ƾˡ
ͥλɹ٣ʮ˻ʶɫ죬˵ڻɱʮһλɹ٣Ǵ£ˣǺʣɳɷǾȻҪն̨ġ
ô˵һλɣҲִħ˾Ʒɹ٣ǵһЩҲа飬Щ˾ãڲ̫顣
ʱ򣬶Ժ˾ȳԶ죬˵֤ȷ䣬ұ˴ҵ˵ǲģλһʱ֪
˵꣬˾һֳ֣ꪣŽ׵ɽͥ
һҲһꡣ
ɹٵҲǵλߣħ˾ҲǴ˾ãյںεȷ⣬Ǵ˿̣ϵɫٷѾһɫ䲻˵ͷɢҲûյٹ⣬ֻɫɣɡ
ʱ򣬹麣ͻȻʵڣ㣬ǵʮһɹٶɱģ
ڵͷǣ
֪һˣҵĵӡ麣˼ʵ
£вɹٲ֪˿̣͸߼˶¶ЦȻ֪ˣΪˣǲʮİսҪ֪ڵĶͷ˾ǹ麣ˣ¹麣˱ӻҲûޡڣЩ˵Уһǹ麣˵ĵӡ
һ麣ôܱӻһɱӳˣ
ɱѾˡ
麣˵ʻɫ䣬ͷ֪
麣˿һ̣ͥѻȸţ˭ҿ´Ź麣ˣҪ֪ʱŭһλˣǲǰ׳մ
ã麣˲ŵڣ˲֪㣬֪㣬㲻ˣң¾ʲô飿
һ仰ɶǴһ˭뵽ʱ麣˾Ȼ˵˼ԷɱĵӣԼˣû뵽麣˾Ȼڡ


٩ 
£͸߼һۣ麣ִҪڣһص治һóǸ߼ĿɽˣҲδػȥ麣ˡ
飬ʱ򣬾Ȼ˱仯
ٿڣԭ䲻ɫȻǵɵҲǺ޾ɫƫƫǹ麣һ仰һ
Կڵָ΢΢麣һ仰ֳ˶Σ˵֪
ֻ뵽µ飬뵽˵ᷢ飬˿ǵ²飬ʮһλɹٶ¶صˣ棬ڽնɱϡ
˵꣬޶ԡ
麣ǱߣҲ̾Ϣһûٶ˵ϾĿĵӣ麣˼ǿƺ쳾ѾǷˣҲǶЩ˸У˭뵽ɱ֮ˣε
ʱ򣬾˳񼫰Ȼ麣˵ĵӶıҿʲôħħͷԺ˵ɣɳɷδôħͷ
˶ˣҹ麣Ҳ˵ˣԺ˾Ȼ֪˵ɳɷӦѹն̨ն
˾ȸ˵꣬Ѿǰһ¹ٸ飡
߼ʱҲǰ¹Ҳ飡
һɹҲǰ飡
һӣнӽʮɹٸ飬ͷ˭ֹǣ˸࣬ܿͳ
ֻʥʱ˵ȴǱһԵʥ˻ȥ
ʥ˵ʲô޼£Ī㿴һʥ̾˿
ʥӹֱЩĵҶ֪ڲˣҶ֪Ϊû˵
麣˸ղŵĻû棬ʲ飬ڲ˵ܾʥҡͷ
ʥһ룬Ҳ̾˿˻ȥ
аɹٸ飬ãǾն֮УɣƷɹ٣㰴ɳɷ֮󣬴＾٣ն̨նȥɡԺ˾˵꣬ɽڴ¡
ħ˾˭Σħ˾ΪƷɹ٣ɣΪ㹻ʤΣ´˿ɼִħ˾ˣҲûбʺϵˡʱԵ
һ˵꣬̾ɹٸ飬߼ˡ
ȻҲ˲ͬ⣬Ҫͬʱ򣬾˵һ仰Щвͬɹ٣Ҳǽ׼ڵĻ˻ȥ
˵Ҳɿԡ
˱̬ɹٵȻٶ˵ǹ麣˵Ͼħ˾Ϲ٣ǹ麣ˡ
ɹ麣û˵Ϊڵ飬ֻѾ¡
֮е͸߼˵֧֣ɱħ˾λӡ
˭֪ħ˾٣֮ǻᷢҪ֪ǰħ˾Ĳɹٶڵĵϵλ֮ȻǻὫڵĵϵһһŪħ˾Լˡ
С£һ㲻ͥ˵ˣЩ飬λħ˾Ϳԡ
֮ڸ߼ĸۡ߼Լɾٱ
´ˣԺҲһ˾ˣϲ߼֪ǵˣ˵ǵһѣǳ滰Ҫ˵ġ
öлߴ֧֣ȸΪԺʲôҪĳ飬ܷԸЦֱֺһ
飬ȻҪ죬ھСǱߵҲ˵һڣɾ͵ˣ¹֪͸ߴ˵˼ħ˾ԭɹ٣һһһĽŪߣǸ΢ΰλֻܿڡ
ã͸߼һʮָˣڴ°ףҪʰǸ΢̫ˡ
Ըڣɷѿģռں֤ݣŽҪԸ΢̫࣬һ仰ͿöԷ١
˵΢˽һţħ˾ξٺɽͶ龭շ˽Դ֣˶ϳħ˾΢ϳħ˾Уɹ١ʱ˵
ȻֻҪ΢ûɹݣǳֽ΢ɱҲǴɳɷ
Ūħ˾ףҪһƷɹٵĹλɳɷҪô͵Ҹڣͥͨſԣװ߼ʱ˵
кѣֻҪħ˾ɹ٣͵ҽƣ˵΢֤Ժұ뷨ӶԸǱǿ㹻Ĺˣһܻ֤Ĵ¡һЦ͸߼һͷڳơ


һʮ ඥ
֤Ժڣ΢һ졣
֮ǰ΢ù֤ɹɣû뵽һĽѣ΢ϷѾɢˡ
뵽һ˲ͷӿֳĳճ΢ܸоһ־壬Ƕµģ΢֮Ѿ޾⣬֮磬ǵʱһֳղͬ
չΪһôʱĳգо֮
٣ڵ΢ֵܵġ˵΢֤Ϊ΢Щģ˵ûд󰭣΢֪һΣ˵ڶʱڣ֤˵ġ
΢һĵһֵ;ľ˵֤ġ
ȴû뵽֤ʱǰ󣬲ǳ٣ֲķһ΢ʵϣؽָͷæ΢δܳŵ
룬΢˾
ûŪô֮ǰ㲻֤ˡ΢Ҳˣһ־գ˵Լ¾κԵֵĹҲɣܺһ㡣
̫£΢Ҳȥˡ
߳ȥֱԱߵݡλ߶Լ΢ȻҪȥл
СԺľڣ΢ţˣɡ
ԺӣǳˮţСԺÿһν΢ֳͱĸо
֮ǰһǣǰһ֣΢֮ǰдǰ˸֡¡
ͷ˿պīġԼһ֡
ָˣͷͷҲصһ䣬΢æǣǰæѾˡ
л֮ͣô˵Ҳҵھӣ˵΢ǹǱ֤ˣ֮֮һʲôû˵˷ɣ˵ˮԼ֮ǰͷһҲд֣ЩĽдõֵһֽһš
΢һ˵ѧ˫˵ѾᲢۣǰҲôţˣ˸֣⾳Զġնѿͷ˵ţд
΢һԿţͷ൱ԳһɣԼ١
Ҫ˵ֵ⾳
ͷ㣬һνÿһ֣ͬһƥеɾ˸ͷдȻǲôôŤ
΢ͻȻһʣУءаศɣк̫֮⣬Բų֮ΪΨнʸƽֻһ֮䣬ȴ벻֮⣬˭˵£
仰һ΢һ£˵ɽһλɲ֮⣬꣬˵һ
п̺Ŵһλɻûв⽣֮⣬΢Ҳͽ軨׷𣬽仰˵ӦÿԸƽͷִ
ûִ
ͷҪﵽԼе⾳ʵϴһʼǴģΪѧҲһ񣬵籣Լ壬Ȼͬġ͡
˾дֺȲԣⱾûʵȴ˶죬е赶Ūǹԡ
΢˵Խνһһֻ׷ʽȴ᱾ĩ֮١
һ΢ո˵ЩڣΪǳڽ̵ЯԼǸлλǰ֮ôеŪɳ׾ĸо
˭ͷһ΢ĻǴĬ΢ղԣȻϸƷζеĵ
΢Ҫ˵ЩʲôʱͷͻȻǴЦıʶһԣһ̣΢ԸоͷϵƷ췭ظı仯
ҪݣǾͨ͸ͷͨ͸
˵ĺã˵ĺã벻ҳôãȻȲһδ֤СӣҲඥղǷҪġ˭˵£˵̫ˣֱԡͷޱȣһ̣ϾȻӿһɼΪصĽ⣬ͷƺûпƣԣΧٶͷĻܣвֱӱ١
΢ŵҲǺ˼ͷĽ⣬ȽξٺɽҪֲö࣬ңҲҪߵĶࡣ
΢ͷĪҲһλɡ
ȷпܣԷԼٵʱ򣬵ȷʩչһŹֵĽն顣
ʱ΢ͻȻʲôɡ


һʮһ 
ոȰͷһ仰һ˵һλ֮ԣ΢˵һλɵ޽˵ɽһɣ벽˵ΪΪ𡯣Դ󲿷ֽ޵˾磬Ҳ޷ϵ˵ɾ˵λ޽ˣ顣
λ޽˵Ľ޽޽ʤн
ո΢оͷĽ޽Īǣͷ޽ˣ
΢뵽̽ʿ޽ǰ
֪ңͷȻܺãͷͨˣҪ˶ãԷˡ
жš΢Ȼ˵ֳ̫࣬ϣֻ˵һ׼û
΢ղǷԼģ˵ģ޽ʱʵ΢Ȼʮ¡
΢п࣬Ϊⷬʵһλ޽ԼģԼһǰŪܵ˼ԭNɪ
ˣ΢ҲֻӲͷƤԼģʵҲǲ壬ֻΪԵʣҲ֤л߼ˣǸãһ½ޣ˱㲻յ㣬Ҳлϵ
ⷬ٣֮Ҳǽ΢˼˵˳ҲһΰԸ˭΢ţ޽ΪɽһɣȻһʹУҪı䡮𡯵
½޺ܶ࣬вٽ޶û֤
ԸΪ˾ǽ޵յ㣬Ϊݲ;Ȼܺϵϵη
΢˵ⷬȴΪ޴һµͨͿܡ
仰᳹׸ıнʿˡ
ˣ΢ʸ񵱡֮
вУҪ֤ô˵˿޽˶΢ѾǺøб֮ǰ΢Ա߸ס£˵΢֣Ҳ΢ļ޽֮µĻܡ
ΪͣԲ΢סԱߣΪͣŰ΢ֵ١
һΣѾͣϲ;壬Ϊһ仰иı佣
ã˵ĺãҾΪ˲һ仰֤ԺʲôƨԺΪܲһ仰һѰʱԣѧд֡ԣԭһ⣬һ˷ʲôʱ䡣޽˹Цٿ΢΢һԣʤҵ֮˵Ҳ޽Ǿ֤ҿԺ;֤ͬҲ㣬Ҫ뿪֤Ժ̫ãһ죬һʱһ̶ˡ
˵꣬޽𣬾Ȼߡ
΢Ҳһͷԭ޽˾Ȼ֤ԺԺӣҶԷô˵߾ߡ
΢޽ǰԺӡ
ˣ˰꣬ҪȥݷһЩѣµ޽úò޽˵ȷͬ˵ģһҲ롣
˵֮޽˳Хһһ⣬ʧ١
΢Ҳû뵽Լһ仰ȻЧҲǣ޽ΪҪĸ｣ΪһɣȻ֤Ժ򽣵ϰ꣬Ϊܸƽѧ˼㣬д΢ûѶʮ꣬ܲһ仰
Ҳ˵΢һ޽ԼĽ⣬һ޽öԷʡȥ˶ʮʱ䡣
΢֪㲻ˡ
Ϊ΢޽˵ҵ˴ĵ䣬壬֪޽д
дģȻǹڽļ⡣Щļ΢һһҹַˡ޽
ˣ΢Լǰ޽ˣҲԼ
޽дĽĵ䣬΢ڽ֪˵ͻͽһǧ
ԭ΢粻Ϊ˵һ仰Լ޽ʱ˵ϣ΢Խ֤ͬ⣬ʵ΢ġ
ڲһˡ
޽˵Ľĵ䣬Էʱľ΢һһϦ˸͸΢ĽҲԼ벻ľ硣
΢Ŀ԰ѽɵħһ֤
΢ײ֮µһԵ֤Ժҵ޽ˣǺͶԷύǸòĻԵ
֤Ǳɽеİظߺɽ磬Ҳл鷳ˣҲлϵɡ΢һ޽ϣ֪Ȿɷľ޽֮ⲻΣޱߣ΢ȻǿԽ޽ںϵԼĽС
΢ʱͻȻԺ
Ժˣħ˾ǲԱǰҪ΢뿪֪£δã


һʮ 
΢һ㶡
ħ˾ԼȥĪǷʲô飿
΢ѯʣ뵽ڵûΪʵǲý͡޽ǰʵйԣô˵Ҳ֤ԺԺ˵߾ߡ
΢ʱ͵͵Ӵ϶⿴ȥͼԺ棬վɹ١
˵Ƭ̣ûлӦһ˵ǲԺ˲ڣ
꣬Сֲǲ֪Ժʱǲϲ˵ģǴԺɵ𣬼ȻԺ˲˵֤ԺͲͣħ˾Լ졣һɹС˵꣬˳һ񣬿뿪
΢һ룬ҲмԼװȻɳݣ֤Ժȥ
Դϴ֤ʧܣ΢ҲнӽʮûгţһγԷЩԾĵط
һЩɹټԼȻָָ㣬еĸǽͷӶʲô¡
ڴ֮ǰʯ·ϣ·ɹٶһ󶼶΢ʱ΢ˣ֮ǰ£ԼĳϺͻ
Դϴ£Լʧ֮ȻĮ࣬ƽҲһЦΣ˼΢ֻһЦȻߵһߡ
΢֪ȻʲôԼ֪£Ȼħ˾ɹйء
΢ӿٶȣҵһλ֤Ժɹ٣һ΢㽫һ˵ħ˾ɹѾȺʱЩͷˡ
΢Žȥ̿һס
ħ˾ɹ٣΢󶼼ûн飬ټǰ΢û
ңԷģǽħɹٵĹ£ħ˾Ľħɹ٣΢죬ҽħɹٿɲ΢оһ
ϣ΢ȴһЦݣֵλˣұ΢˵ң
΢ɹϣûһĲмֻ۽ǿ΢һۣ΢ߣҲôħ˾ƷħɹƤطħ˾´֮ħ˾ִˣܶ࣬ͱ˷ʱˣ߰ɡ
˵ţҪ
΢ͫһȴޱȡ
ħ˾´ˣ
ʲô˼
Ƥǰɣĳ⼸ձչ֪ħ˾ʱ٣΢۾ʵȻóƤԼĵ⣬ʣħ˾϶ǳˡ
ߣªţȻ¶֪ƤЦһһ룬Է֪ڵ飬պԼԸ΢᲻ƨ
Ҹ㣬ħ˾ڵ´ˣӽ󣬱´ִħ˾ԭΪɳɷɱʮһɹ٣ѾɳϹٹ£Ҫն̨ˡ
Ƥ뿴Ϣʧ룬Ŀɿڴӣʧˣ˿̵΢ûκα顣
ϲŭɫ΢Ȿ£˵ִˡ
ھȻΪɱͬŶֱǻ֮΢ǵһţյ鱨̫٣֪ʲô¡
ˣȻ֪ˣ͸߰ɣ´̻ħ˾߰ɡƤ
´ˣ
΢˼תԩҲͷû뵽һɡ
Ҫ֪һ΢Ϊŭɶնʱŭɣͽɡ
û뵽һֺһˡ
Էոִħ˾ôżҪԼȥɵӶܿ⣬Ҫ֪Լ֤Ժһûʲô飬ǲɹٻȥ
ȻԷǹˣǲԼ֤
΢ɨһЩͷƤ뵽һֿܣԷôӦòֻҪԼ֤ô򵥡Լ𣬲ԸȥԷ϶ҲⷢӣԼɹ١
ǻȥҲֲôԷ٣ħ˾Ȩ޴ԼȥҲֹۣʹ֪ĶƤܵϽħɹپͿԿڲ켺
΢Һ´˵ʱ䶼ܱô㲻Ըأ뿹𣿡Ƥһµģ
΢һԷӣʵв²⡣ִܽħ˾ɱȻ֧֣˲ֲɱͬŵˣ˵ˮ൱ˣȻı
΢Ȼȥ
û֤һȥǾͱˣһԷʩֶΣԼ;֮·϶ʹᡣ
˶ԼҲж£΢ҪףԲۿն̨
նǾ˵мµʱ䣬ôҪԡ
ڣ΢ֻһ·Ǿǿ𣬶ҲҪ΢Ҫʱ䣬лᷴ
Ϊֲ֮ȱ΢ԴΪˣ̤ɳʱ򣬾ˡ
΢¶ЦݣȻħ˾֮ȻҪƤˣҸȥҵȥ֤Ժ޽ǰȥǣƤ˿ɷԵƬ̣


һʮ ȷ
ʲô΢ĻƤһ㵡Ȼ˵ǵһɣ޽˵šɵĸţȻҲЩʶ֪޽֤ԺԺ
ɳԱȼ㣬޽Ʒɹ٣λ֮ѾǿҪһˡ
΢Ȼ˵ȥ޽Ժǣ
Īʶ
ƤһʱЩˣǾͲ̫ˣ΢ôһɽ´Ҳ׵΢
ȻҲп΢ƣԼ϶ǲܸɵҲֹ΢ȥһģԼ鷳
ֻһ·ǾǸһȥ
뵽Ƥͷһ¶Цݵִʶ޽ǰ
ԣҺھӣͻȻ뿪кʧˡ΢һƤ̵ҲǾ޽ǰĴұһȥݼһ޽ǰҼǴħ˾ȻҲʧ񡣡
΢һ¶һԥƤһа˳ɰ϶΢ѣƤ죬Ե߰ɣȥݼһ޽ǰ
ȻƤҪȥǾȥɡ΢һԸƤ߳ȥȻ΢·һ·ݷȥ
˷ٶȼ죬ܿ͵ǸСɽ¡Ƥ£һǰһݣʮű£аò޽ǰľɣ
ʱͻȻ˺ݺһţƤһǰˤȥҪֻ֪ͨαΪֻܵƷɹ٣ҲΪˣ΢аնԸ
һţȻ΢ߵģһ΢ȡʦʣʩչʦռʣȻ˲仭һͼΧɫһ޶΢䷨ǳͼβӣȻǱһͼ΢һʴƤ˷ͼС
ⶼʦֶΣ̿Ĵô򵥣˵΢Դӵõ̿ʦĴ֮󣬹ʦɱѰ˺ħѾ練ơ
ʦԲϤ˵ǹ֮Ƥߵˤһʱͷתŭ֮ʱŤͷȴǷһˡ
һ㶣һȷûκˣոԿ϶ͻȻ˿϶΢
ƿڴ΢ңҳ
һӦҾ֪ں˵˵޽ǰεôܽʶ֪Ļ죬ңҿԱ֤λǱסˣʱ´˻ݺݵ㣬ҳ
ֻǣƺҲ˻Ӧѹû֣ΧľɫȻ͸ղź񣬵ȴвٲֻ֮ͬϧѹûע⡣
û˻شƤȥ֤ԺˣǷ
磬΢ʩչһͼʩչСԺĿУͼתڼǲܶģͻᱻƵط˸ҽԵҲ赣ġ
ƤʱͼУҲֻȨ֮ƣ΢ȷãϾ΢ʦȱ̿ǲ̫Զ˿̣ץʱŪʲô£ͬʱҲҪ
΢Ǳ֮ˣԸԼҪԼĹλϵ΢ֻܷҪȷˡ
һ̣΢ŻʶԼȼʣֻգ֮䣬͸ıԼòѣȥȻһѵƤ
Ҫ뿪֤ԺȥҪݣ΢ȥء
֤Ժ΢ûȥħ˾ҲûȥξٺɽͶ飬һʱȥҾסڳʥҲ΢ʱΨһҵİ֡
ʥͻȻЩĪʶƤɹ٣ȵԷҡһ䣬΢ʱʥŷӦ
΢ô㣿
Ƭ֮΢Ѿʥе֪Ĵš
ʥʸμͥģȻվɹ٣Ҳ൱ˣڵİԼħ˾ı䶯ʥ֪١
˷ǰһӣħʮһɹ٣˵ɱģоݣ٣Է׼ֵֻǣǹ麣ѯʣڶ˵ģȻ˭ãʵԲŸħ˾ѾǱ͸߼Ǹѳסˣ˭֪ɾǵˡʥĹĵ˵

ɲ򵥣ǰӱչطȻûзɹʵѾǳԽͨɣ˵Ķһǰҩɽ֪岻飿ʥѯʡ
΢һ֪ǵ˭ˡ
֮ǰһֱڱչطҩɽʣȻǸɸ
ԭһˣ΢Ҳ֪еա
ԼǿԻĳԹԷǰԼͷϡ
һ룬ǻ࣬ⰸӰٷְЩ˷ġڵ˵һƿħ˾ɵĶԸԼһʯ񣬺ֲΪ
Ѿˣڱħ˾ѾԼڵĴҲǳԲô˵ħ˾ǲܴȥˣ̫
뵽΢ʥһֵʥˣ΢һ󣬻ʥذæ


һʮ ĳ
ʥϸһ΢̵ͷС£ңȥǣͥỹмʱʱӦ㹻ˡ
ʥˣмţҲʥһȥתǼλˣ΢ǹһʥͷŽӹ΢Ϊˡ΢Ϊ˶ḡſ񣬼ǰԼιҲһû˿ı䣬ڣ΢ĹƷѾǺһͳһ㣬ʥ;Ҫ΢æ
ΪƷǡ
һҹ΢ɳΪֻһ¡

ճϼ
ɽ죬֮ͥϣ˿гῪʼΪÿնгᣬ󲿷ʱûʲô飬Ͼɳͳ磬˽ʮ˻ʹĴǺжǹϽ˾ְͥᲢն顣
ΪˣԺܶʸμӳɹʵϲ춼ʥԺλʥʸμӳᣬͬʥԺʥǽգƺƽҪ˺ܶ࣬һô˵ʱ򣬻ڸڶǴΡ
һЩɹᵽͬѰϢ⳯ᣬеĿˡ
Ϊħ˾٣ȻҲʸμӳᣬһӣҲΪݣͬʱύɹ٣
һӣȷ̫˳ˣŵҲʮˣһֱֻһͨİƷɹ٣²ҲûʲôȨơһΣһӽεħ˾ٵλϣȻͦ
Ϊ٣ȻͥϵȨ͸Ȩ൱ȨƣܲμͥᣬƷߵɹҲ˿
ħ˾ѾΰѿħɹȫˣµɹҲǻ߳ɣȻ󲿷ֶǸ߼ˣڸ߼Լһϵˣħ˾˵ʲôʲô
뵽ǸξٺɽĽɾȻԼɾһԷһƷɹ٣ȻҵԼƷ٣ʵǵ죬ѾˣξٺɽϹɣúõζԷ㲻˶ԷĹ٣ҲҪԷ䵽ຮ֮ء
Ǹ΢ǵ˵ҪˣֻԼȥ֤ԺɹƤûл΢ǿ˳ӣɶûŹԷ
˵Ǹ΢Щֻϧ˵͸߼бҲ޼¡
һֵû߼ˣ˰Լ飬Լ鴦ξٺɽӦûκġ
ڶɹҲˣΣʮ˻ʶûǵ޽ȴˡ
¶ˣɹٶһ㶣ʲôӣҪ֪λһ궼ἸΣһȻ¡
ɲԣǻ̽ʲȻ
һʥϵɹټʥҲˣСʥƽʱǺٲμӳᣬôҲˣ˵ǲʲôҪ
ʥһ࣬ȴЦɹٸǾ£Խĺ档
һΣʮ˶û˼ʱһλ˵˷ͥᣬɹٿ飿
һôһ䣬£ǳͽˣԹ鸮һλ˸꣬ǱɻûüڣͻȻԺ˾ǰһºλɹ飬ȻҪǺħ˾´һ£ҶԺҪħ˾Ҫһɹ٣ҶԺְ
һ˶۾һ
ɸһ㶣Ҳû뵽Ժ˾ȻҪˣҪ˭
ʶģɿһ۲Զĸ߼Ҳһ档
˾ȿƷɹ٣ɲҵæֵ˾˵ЦˣҪ˭ȥֻҪ˵һħ˾Ȼϡ
ã˾Ȼַϻֱ⣬ֱӵħ˾İƷɹ΢Ҫ
ʲôɫ˲䣬Ǳߵĸ߼Ҳɫһڣͥвɹٶһȣû뵽˾ȻҪǸ΢ȥ
ʲô
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Ǳ߸߼ȴоòԾ
˵΢ôܹŶԺ˾ȣڣƫƫ˾ȵյҪ΢˹ȥ
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¸߼ɴ˸ɫ̻⣬ǶһɹٴöԷȥҵɹվ棬˿ĺ뿪ȥ֪ͨ
ڴ֮ǰֻܾӡ
Ī´㲻Ը⣿ˣ΢˵ħ˾ԭĴħɹ٣㻻˸飬滹ξٺɽλɣҶԺ˷ҲһҪˡ˾ַУɫһѾζ
˾ȣڱﲻ


һʮ Ჩ
ɷӦ˹Ҳɫһ
ܱȻĲ֮˿˾ȵĻ֪Լ֮ǰЩ֮ˣܹԼ
Ǹ߼һɹٹðźãȻֻܽǰ˶
ңħ˾ڲĹԱ˾ʲôϵֱǶ¡
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ŹǻȻǾܾ˾ȵҪ
˾ֻЦЦҲûɣǵҲںɴ飬Ѿϱɳ飬֪λɹٴʲô
ڱ
ɺ͸߼ɫЩѿ˾ͻȻôһŪʮֱֻ˾ôͻȻôΪУʵЩ˼顣
Īڱָʹ
뵽һֿܣǸо亹ֱָʹö˾ȵˣֻһˣѵǹ麣ˣ
ɺ͸߼ںҲ²⣬һǲ䣬˾Ƚħ˾ǰɹٶߣڴǵ
ɣոִħ˾³ˣԺʲôſԣ
¶˶һۣѾ㣬ǾǲϧۣҲҪڳϷԷ顣
ܿ죬߼һϵһɹȿڣΪ²ף΢ξٺɽħ˾ɹ٣Ǳְλΰţħ˾д㣬ôֱӽҪߣʵй֮ӰŶЧ£ˡ
ɹһڣǶ˻
еһȻеڶǸ߼͵һϵ˳Էԣɸ죬Χ֮⣬ǴһƣҪ˾ȵ鲵ȥ
ΪΪֹ˵ĶǷ񶨺ͷ
ɺ͸߼һۣе⣬㶽ԺΣǶԺɵľǼලͼɹٵţƽҲûѣԼߣϵţͥϣ㹻һЩ
һ򶼵вǵ˺ս˾һˣ
߼͵ϵһһԲ⣬һʱɹҲЩ˵ȵһⷴԵ¹˵껰󣬳һʱ䰲š
ȻֻҪɵӶԿ߼͵ϵһĲκһħ˾ǰĹԱ뿪ˡ
߼ʱЦȻôλͬŷԣ˾˵뷨ЩǷ׵˵΢ξٺɽ֮ǰּٹ˽Ϊ΢Ϊ죬˽һţ澹ȻŮˣɹݱӻǵžˣȻħ˾ɹٸǵվ̨Ϊ˵Ǽٹ˽ģҿְ˽ˣܳΪɹ٣ξٺɽ΢һ֮ѣΪˣ´˲ŽЩ˵Ĺְ´ˣҽЩ˵ɲħ˾ֻɹȺȺ֮ʵİ
˵󣬸߼һŭϵ˵ҳ󲻿Ȼߴ˵ˣҲ˵˵ûǰħ˾ȷˣɱͬţ˲Ѫƹܵħ˾ܺõ΢ξٺɽҲֻӰˣ΢˶ǣ͹ٴƷҿڸİϷξٺɽԸŰ죬ҹҪӲҵĸۡλɹ٣ҿҲֻİŻѡȡ˳Ϊɹ٣ɼִħ˾ȻЩܻħ˾ԣǵĹְȥҲȥԺҾҲ޲ס
߼һһͣɹһҲȿ˵
˿ǰ漸λλҲûпգ߼Ŀɽûеǹ麣ҲڣȻ͵Բ̬
ֻһ˾ȣʱѾǰȻ߼ɶ̫ţҲ̫ԴΪһӰƶ˳ȥΪӮȴ֪ķŸոҪʼ
ЦһߣǱʥȵų켺ȴ˵˴˽ʵڿЦʵڿȥˣλĪǰˣξٺɽ֮ʱ´ˣ»ֻһƷɹ٣ħ̽ܵɳؽҰ˭һŭݣϰħ׷ɱǧϻħ˭̽ħȱ߳գѵˣξٺɽεӢ۸˵ٹ˽˵ֱ࣬Ǻ˵˵΢λĪնɳߵշ˭ɱģ˭ɳƣ


һʮ 
ɹһȻϺʥȿˣһ㶣Ҫ֪ʥºͣٷˣһ̬Ǳˡ
ȷոո߼һһͣ˵Ȼô£ϸĥ֪ǿʶ
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ʥôɾȻһʱʧ֪ΪʥȻΪߣλҲֻǰƷʥĵλȴͬСɡ
ϵɣˣµͨˣʥѿǱ鲼ɳ˭Сͷʥ˵оݣҶ֪飬ɺ͸߼ȷǿʶ˵˵
Ǳ߸߼һڣɱʵƿԣ˵һʥԺʥˡ
ʥλߣʥԺһʥƣڣǸ߼ҲҴϡ
ʥ˵Ļˡ
ʥԼǣǷǹģҾ˾˵ҪûʲôףĹԱЩ֮¾ͲҪˣȻԺҪ΢ξٺɽҲλְԺԴҸ飡ʥ˵꣬λʥҲһ̬֧ͬ˾ȵ顣
ȻʥԺһ̬ȡ
⻹ꡣ
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¶Ƕ˿棬λɣ߼ҲҶײΪҪɿǱҪߵöࡣ
ޱ䣬ÿһ䶼ֻأ޳һ䣬սɣһɼ˶ߡ
ʵϸղѾ³⽪΢վ̨ģϾ΢ǰµȳɺ͸߼ҲĿɿڴɾ˼ͳ磬һȻǲ֮Ტۡ
֧˾ȵ飬΢ξٺɽǴħ˾ԺƣѾǳ֮ǰԵ
۸߼ɣЩﻢ£֪Ǻá
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̬ͥϣһ仰ֱָ΢㡣
ȷɳôһĵĹأǰڣûʲôڣȴǿó˵Ľڡ
ڸãһ˵ΰƷɹ٣ͲϹأҿ΢ݲᣬȽĹλƷǵ֮һ߼ɶд󶨣е򣬽ͻϣ
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˿һʣʵ˵ϡ
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ɽǵһ壬ͳɽеġ졯кֹ꣬Ӱ
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ǿ֪΢ΪһƪնˣһʹӢĶԷɹҲɣ˵¶΢ɴС幫˵ǶȻ΢ǿǺ¡


һʮ 䶨
廰Ȩܴ֧֣ܰؾ档
ǱʥȴһأȻ֪΢һƪնж幫Ҫ˵϶Ҫᣬ侮ʯ
ʱ򣬱ȻǶ΢
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⻰һ㵣ɫûп߼Ҳһš
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ΪʲôҪѡԺ
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΢ڣɡ
ħֻһţħҪģ⣬֤΢ѾдãֻҪϽȥУʦ΢Ҳ֤֮ʱ룬΢ƷǾǽ
⣬΢ѾԿ֤ͬΨ΢һЩ
΢Ѿ뵽ӣȻ񹦣ǾҪúã֤Ժȴ֤ɹҲв٣΢ԽǵɾԼ
Ե죬֤Ժ֮ǰĿյϣͶһ̨̨΢ģֵֻսԷӮˣ΢ǼöƷҩˣʲôò


һʮ ĲŸտʼ
Ĳ΢Ѿﵽ֤ĳ̶ȣȱֻǻۡ
΢뷨۵Ḷ́Դ֮ɺ˵΢ʵĲš
ôʵȻҲкܴ׶ˣкԽ棬鷳Խ󡣲΢ײ̫ͼѾǿкȻǲ⡣
΢Ϊ˿Ϊ̨䡣
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֤ܽԺ֤ޣǶ浤浤۷徳ĸ֣ԣ΢δЩ˵Ķ֡
΢ǵҲûϵ˸һЩҩˡҩⶫɱշʱ΢Ū٣ǵҩҲֻܸ΢˵ֱ˵ȳԵҩˡ
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΢̨λɳͬдһЩٻŪңԻô˵΢ڶŵˣŪٻƭһм΢Լ˵еʱȷã˵ģһ΢̨ɹٶõ֪ͨԺǰ֡
Ϊӣ΢̫ˡ
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֤ԺɹٱҲһЩû΢ӣڣ׶Ϻˡ
΢ã㣬ղ˵ֻҪԣӮͿ⡮ϴ͹ǵղǿɹʵ
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ԣɵ΢Ĳɼߣ֮ǰɼȥˣ˵ʲô˵΢֤
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ЩˣҪ֪֤˳ϣֻ֤һʣµĲɣгһ֤ͬҪôɵ֤ͬҪôɵֻ֤ͬҲһЩ
ɡ䡢壬֤ͬģȴǼ٣ҽɾͱȻٶԺϵɡ
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뵽Ǹʻ׳˶ɹִֵ̨ˣǹӪУξƣִ˵С


һʮ ٽ
ǹӪɽͥɾֱϽвٻû֤٣⽯Ʊ֮һ
ɳͳɽɱʮ˹ıҲͳ֮ȨܶٶǴ˹ѡγģȻΪ⽯һɱе֮ʿѪٳʮأ츳Ѿ浤۷ľ磬
΢ϲġ
С΢ת񹦣׼ƫƫǽƻЦִˣҴţ㲻ɵֻƾ벽浤ľ磬ҵĶ֣ϴ͹ǵӮˣ㻹ȳУĺ˼ȳаɣжС
⽯Զģ˵ֻҪ΢ԣӮ
ãȹ΢Ҳǰһȭ
ȭƱգ˵һ־չֳտȭȭ⣬΢ȻѰһȭѵ
ǽһҲǸоЩ⣬ֻѰһȭеŵֲֻܿ
ȭһѪӿ񵲣ҪԷһȭ
ⱾûʹڣС΢֪΢񹦣ô;Բ΢κεӴ
һ̣΢һȭɲ֮䣬΢ͻȻȭΪצָ繳νƵֱץס
һãʩչ˦ۣҪ΢֣һ̣΢񹦡
ͬʱǽƾ͸оһ£ȻǿٱߣŵҪ赲
ʵʱõĴð취뷨΢֣赲ΪȻǲܵġ
ûо飬ֻǼʱ䣬͸оͷĿѣ˫ŷ飬ȻǱߴ룬ޱȡ
ôȥᱻɶ
ʱ΢ͻȻɿȻ̧һƽˣЦã
ˣ
ܵúã
ƴ˿һĽٺ˿ûоʧܱǿϢ΢ִֵΪߣĳ磬ˡ
˵꣬¸ֱ̨ȥ
ô˵ҲˣȻ⣬Ҳۡ
΢ǽȻλ˭ԣ

һ죬΢޺ͱ˱˵ˣټ΢ڷҹͣΪܿͻƵ浤硣
д裬΢Ҳмȡڼ֮棬΢ѣѾɷ緶
Ȼ΢Ҳû⼸ʱʿԷ浤۷弶ĸ֣ʵȷǿޱȣٶǿնɱѰ˵֡
΢ǶҲδӮ峡Ҳȥٵҩ΢Կ
Ϊ䣬΢ҲõҪõĶǾǶԷ
־ֵ˵ĸ΢΢ͲöһЩ
˵죬΢˰Ҳûһд裬΢֪Լøıսˡ
ǲУȥս
ǽ΢֤Ժɹټǰݷһ飬˵д裬ʵϾսЩм΢̨ȶʿҲв٣΢ôţǵȻ̡
˵ÿһ죬΢ٶֹУӮӮ΢º󶼻һöҩ
ҲΪʱȣ΢֤Ժ꣬ڱն֮ǰǰӵ
ǰᣬҪ֤ɡ
£Ҫ˶֪΢٣ƾǱ¡
΢ʼս֮ĵ죬֤ԺＸɹȫ΢ҹһ飬ԷƤǽһô˵ҪһԷӮˣṪлϵҩˣȻҲǺϵҩ
Ȼ΢ɹٶս˸飬û˼Ǻ΢Ǳ־ˡ
Ϊ˼΢ڹȥĽӽʮʱûһϢȫɡ˵ȽҲһ䡣
ڷܣ˺ա
΢ºС˴⼸ͳȥĵҩٿţҶǸߵȼĵҩˣ˭ã
˾΢װӣȻɡ䡢壬֤ͬԲܣԷ϶ͽ
ר̵ȥ̡΢ҲȥһˣһȺˣиһȥ֣Ҫ΢γ
ȴĿɿڴ۷ѡ
ʱһյϣ΢һʮɹ٣˵ǶԴʮɹٶɵĸ֣Ժʶ㣬ʲס΢Ǽɣһʼֺ΢ġɽ͡ն΢仰ͱļƿԡ


ٶʮ 
һʼʮɹ΢΢ǣʮһĿɿڴƿԡ
Ҫ֤Ҫɡ塢ļʮ˾ȻȲ΢
Ҫ΢һѿǰԼƽȥˣˣ֮ܿʹ֤Ժ
Щ΢֤ˣҲҡˡ
ѵ΢֤ͬ
ˣʼ΢֤ԺУ֤ͬĲûйʮܳһҼÿһĳɾͶ
λˣ֤ͬҲˣ֤ͬҲ˳֮Ϊ֮·
΢̤֮·
֤ԺϢܿʹ˳ȥΪ˿ܻ֤ͬΪ΢
һӣ΢֣֪˺١
ħ˾ƤϢɣһ㶣Ц֤ͬ΢ΣƾҲ̤֮·ֱǿЦģƣ˵궼֤ͬ΢
ǣҲôԿšƤʱҲЦ
Ȼˣǵ΢һ£ȵ֤ʲôˣͻȻ뵽һǵЦ
ɹ⴫֮£ϢǴúܹ㡣
Ҳԣüͷһ壬ǽɳһ١
ģ΢Ȼ֤ôǰɣȥ
ɻ֣̿ȥ֮˲׼̸΢顣
ʥԺУҲԣʱмλҲ¡
ʥǸ΢Ŀ֤ͬһ̲סʵ
У֤ҪʥԺгһʥͬдºͲѧĿǰѾʥԺʥ֮һʶˡ
£ɵҲ֪΢֤ѡ
ȻǼ򵥵ۣô϶˵˵ΪʥԺеڶҲûмʥ˿϶һˡ
˵ʥʮֿ΢ټ֮ǰͥʥ˶΢飬Բ˶ʥڰ΢
дĺȻҪ鷨ͬɻȱ֪΢鷨Σһλʥպ߽˵
ʥ˿λʥЦ˵ʵ΢֣֮ǰд֮ʱѼȷͶдǵȺ֡
ʥԹʵ˰ɣλʥѧЩš
޷֮Ѿ¼˵΢ڽɽسǳǽϿնһȥʥ
ǽ֮ܺõͿҾǾ΢δôõ鷨λʥа
ʥʥԺλʥʮһɽسǣȵʥɿǽǳɱ֮նһʱ֮ȫɵ
ֹǺ֣ʥǻȷûһţ΢ֱʥ֣ȥ
⡭΢дģλɵʥţһԼعؽʿ̲˵ȻֽдģǶ
ˣҵǺڴ΢֤ˡʥĬã˵
ʱ򣬼λʥʮͻȻǳǽ֮£վһӰ
Ӱʥɷȴ˿磬ȣϸһЩϳӰݣæܵ˵λʥˣǱߣ½ʥԺʥ
ʥҲˣʥһ㶣ʥԺŮʥ֣ʥһλʥ½ʥǹɫ㣬Ĳɳڣ˵תһƪ¾֤ɣһƪ³ɾʥ֮𣬿˵Ĳ֮ߣѰʥȲϡ
Ȼλʥתȴ֪ԸΪ°ʥԺʥƽҲײβѹ֪ģ˶֪Ȼ
˿λʥ̧ͷƪնһƺУ֮ʩչĳһΣʧ١
Լպ΢µͬźѣҲ΢֤
ȻǸǣ΢ȻôҪ֤ٶȼֱ˼顣
еǰΪҪ΢ǾǼʱ䣬ѾǱ΢ԶԶ˦΢Ҫ֤ĴԣȴţֻǴԣϾ֤֮ͬ·ǱʶԼʶ¡
ֻǲ֪΢ֻҪ֤ħʦһֻϧ֪ʲô⣬ŪһȻһΣ΢ߵ֤ͬ
˵ǰ޹ˣδй顣
սɣɵۣδߵ֤ͬ


ٶʮһ ֤ͬһ
΢Ҫ֤飬кü죬˵֤Ժ֪ˡ
֤ԺУãרŽ׼֤֮ʿ£ÿգҪ֤ɹǰǵ֤ģȹģ֮ͨ󣬲ŻᱻʥԺλʥġ
Ƿ֤Ϳһ¡
֤Ĳ࣬ڲƴͷһʧܣţԵڶϽ֤ġ
Ϊˣõÿĺܶ£Ѿ۹ⶾеֻǿ˿Է壬֪ԷĲΣ費ҪʥԺλʥġҪ֪ͷ൱ҪѹҲһһЩκܵ͵ȥʧְһ㣬Ҳᱻ˾ˮƽޣ˵ͱˡ
գõɺһУȴЩҪ֤ɹٵ֤ģʱȴϡﻩһŲͷ·һһ
ɾú棬ƽȻһҲʮô£Ī̫߳ˣϽ֤ģ壬ͻͷת
ʱ̧ͷһ澹ȻѾΧˣЩ˶վ棬ڿֻ֣һˣֳһ֤ģ˽
ɿЩ죬ȵӹԷ֤ģͿԷˡ
Ǵ󾪡
㣬΢ִˣˣһЩǰҲд󣬶ĵģ΢
Ϊ΢λǰƷĴ˵˵ǵأ֪΢֮󣬾ȻЩź¡
ƽֻñ˺µķݶ
΢˿̵Ǳֵʮλɹһ΢λҵ֤ġ
˭ϣ΢˵꣬ɾִֵ˿ʥԺִ֤ģֱӽʥԺλʥģִ˽֤Ľҡ
ɶ΢˵ǿͿЩΪ΢ͷ̫󣬶Ǽλʥһ´ģȻΥ
΢û뵽ʥԺԼ̵ƣֱʡȥм价ڣֱӾʥ
ԼҲǺ£΢ɵλˣǾˡ
˵ţһƪдõµ˹ȥ˫ֽӹȻʩչĳ΢ݸֱʹʥԺ
һɹ¾Ͳɣ΢֪ȥʥԺ
΢Ӧõһֱȵ΢ʱȣȻɵ֤ɣ㻨˼ʱŴǿģҲһʱ϶ܸɵš
ԣ΢ȻǸȥ
æ΢ͳȥ
΢㲻￴𣿡ʵ΢ĻشΪ򵥣ҵ𣿿ܲͨ͵޸ϵ
˵꣬ȥ
´󲿷ָ΢뿪Ҫ΢ҪʲôȻмȴ
΢ȷûʱ˷ѣҪᣬɡħ䡢ĵ֤
ħͬͬԴ֤ȻҪһ𣬵ֵ֤ʱ׽١ͽиԵ֤֮
һ·浤ˣ֤ʱ߶仯γ롣
֤ɹ˾ͻƼ
ն
Ϊ콣˽ؽϽ⽫ն飬Խ֤ɾͽɡ
΢д㣬ĵͬһʱ֤
΢Ҳûжһ֮أϥʼ֤
Χɹһͬ΢֤аϵˣ֮ǰ΢дĽƵˡ
ͼ΢ѪӿһѪͬȼĵѪ⣬γһɳ棬ۿɼһ̣΢ðһź˿΢ȫһһ޴롣
΢ʼ֤
ʼˣ΢ȻĿʼ֤֤Ժã
˼飬ǰ˱ȶһڳԷΪ֤˺ܶ࣬ôôʱھ֤
𳳳㿴žУҾã΢϶Գɹ
˷Ժ˵ȻӦģɶ΢˵ЩѾ޹ء
֮󣬾ʹ߶Ľʼ齣
֤𽣡
΢λãȻ֮⡣
һΧΧ۵˲ˣǵȻмʶ֮ϳ˽֤齣
ô£Ϊʲô齣
Īǣ΢֤ͬҪ֤ͬĵ
ˣֱǷˣѵ֪ĵȻҪ֤Ͳ֤ôͺɱ졣
ûǶϷ΢ķˡ


ٶʮ ֤ͬ
΢֤ͬĵɵϢǴ֤Ժ
ԭֻһΧۣƬʱ䣬ѾﵽǧһЩ֤ԺɹҲˡ
ĵ֤ͬǧ֪΢ɹĿ΢΢ʷԵʱܴ
˵ǧ֤Ժûгֹ׳۵ľǧɹ٣Χһ֤
֤Ժ⣬͵һξٺɽһǶ顣
˵ĽħɹٵְλѾɻĿǰֻйλûйְӣΪڵҲĴڣһͥᣬǺ΢һ𣬱˶Ժְ
ûȥ΢
ɽ磬΢Ҫڽ֤ǻ飬Ը𣬴˿ΪżɵͷѾðӿȡ
֤ԺˣϢӦû˵һΣ΢Ҫɡ䡢֤ͬ˲𡣡ξٺɽ罣վ֤Ժ⣬һ˿ڴ
ʱһ˿ٴ֤Ժгξٺɽæ˵˼仰ȻͿȥ
ξٺɽһĿɿڴ
ɽ磬ôˣټξٺɽֱ飬һΣǵ֪ڴ˱ץߵʱ
ξٺɽ˶΢Ҫĵ֤ͬ
ʲôҲǴһ


յϣ΢ļѾֹͣӿֳһֽɫڳɹٿһĻͷ
˲ִ˵ƷҪ֤ⲻˡ
ǰǶд裬ӦĳֿĹ˿ٴﵽ֤
ִ˵ȷǾţڵǾãпܳɹ
ҲãܳɣܳɣɵܳɣɽҲԲܳɣ˽һ֤ɣ֮ɲ˵Цġ
ʱ֮ϣ׹
ɵ׽٣ڶɹٶԴ˲İÿһɵʿҪ֤ɣҪһ׽١
΢ǲһֻǼû΢ȴѾüΡ
޵ɵѶȸħģħͬޣ΢ɵԲôʹﵽ󾳡
Ȼһħ֤ͬͷ֮ϵƣֱ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬ᣬռ˰ﷶΧ
Χ۵ɹټͷ֮ԽԽŨƣһʼûر⣬ܿǾͷ֣Щھ޴ˡ
ÿ֤Ժ֤ɵʿҲв٣ɹƼֲ֣΢֤ʱµƣȴǱеƶҪ޴
ѹǲǣҲЩ͸
ʶģΧ۵ɹٶһξ룬Զ΢⿴ƣ֪һµ׽ٻжֲ
һ̣¡һ׽ڶɹľս
ƲԾλͬţٺ˰ףСһ֮ܵ֡һɹ˵̧ͷƣһ˿֡
ΪƻôӴ΢޵ʲôɵһɹ֮ɫ
ţ˵΢޵ɵһɹٳ˾ɵĪǣ΢Ǻ˵Ĵˣ
ܰɣȿɣ˿ֲһ׽ٵȻСҿ΢˷ˡ
ֹˣλûǼλ˾ɹѾ㵽ˣǻǼ˺󣬷ĲСı׽ɨǿ̫ԩˡ
ʱΧ齣˿ҲǱĿĹâһʱ佣磬ͻȻ֮ƽ磬Ƿ罣Уһۣһɹٿ΢һȻһСģɨϵ·пؿҲһ˿ڡ
ǿĽ΢Ҫ֤ˡ
˻û˵꣬һһ׽ѾǰͲסͬһ񽣣ݺ
䣡
֮£齣Ȼһ׽ٴ̹ȥ
һĻɹٶǰнкá
齣Կɵ׽٣΢š
ž
һ̶һ׽پȻǽ齣˸飬׽Ҳ֮ɢ
Īǣô򵥣һɹٺ䣬һ׽¡
һΣֱ΢ϡ
޴ĳ磬һЩΪһɹپȻǱ׽ٵನĿѪ
ţĵ׽¡
ɹٵֵסನֱӱ˹ȥ
΢ˣ׽پҲס˶ţͬʱźˣһ̣˾Ҳֻвֻʺ˵ķݶ
һ֤һ׽پˣһЩģ׽١һΣǿֲ׾Ȼŵ˵һδ֤ķʿǿɣҲֵס
֮죬ɽ糤죬ľŵ֮ͷƾȻûɢԽŨ
ѾನĻɹٿһĻĪǻеĵʮ׽٣⻹ò˻ˣвĪ΢ûбϽˣ׽٣΢ô֤ɹ
һ̣ʮ׽ٻûü£ͼͻȻγһϡ



ٶʮ ΢
һ±仯ʼϲΧѾͷĿѣɹٿһĻĿࡣ
⣬΢Ľ⣬ҪʲôĪǣҪն׽٣
뵽ͷɹֻһо΢ˡ
ȻǷΪ
Թ֤Ҫ׽٣ȹˣǱܵˣ΢Ҫʲô
ʮ׽٣ȹǰأۿʮضȲˣ鼱֮·Ϊ׽١
ȷǷ񣬲ֺγǻ
һЩ̷֮Ӧ̫ˣ׽ٰ˾Ҫ΢ഫɵ֮ɵʱҪѰ˴ö࣬ҪȻȹûпܡ
ȻɣΪβܷΪ
ֻҪ׽٣Ȼƽٳɡ
ƽ٣ƽ٣ԭˣʵϣɵʿҲˣ׽ʱҪӲͦȥΪʲôҪӲͦΪʲôܴȥ
΢ԾҪôɡ
ͼУȻһӰ
⽣޼᲻ݵĽ⣬ֱӳƣʮ׽˻ȥ˶ûпƵУһӰһƽ١
һʣ΢ʦ֤һʣʦֶξ죬ôһʣƣ׽Ƭ֮ʧ١
Ϊ̫ͻȻǧɹٶûзӦȵӦʱ΢Ѿ¡
˿΢ȥ֮ǰûʲôͬʵȴǴĲͬ˿΢ϣǵŲۿԼͻᷢ΢ͷѾӿ߲ƻǣְˡ
ʱ䣬ͼӿֳһƪģ΢ͷǳɾ֮
΢ɣ
Ϣ̾ʹ˳ȥ΢ǳɣһĵ֤ͬǧɹٵƤӵ¡
ЩɹٷӦǰء
Ц΢Ѿɣ֤ͬĵ˵ǧŵһˣʱ򲻽ãͽᣬʱ
ִˣϲˣ
ĵˣ˲ðִˣǾţ
ִˣոһǧ׽٣ʵǾĶǣΪ̾
ǰҵԶ㣬ǿԣִΪҵȽ󰡡
һһΧ˹
΢ɣҲûжļӣȴ΢΢һЦλͬţһ֤λҲֻǱһЩʱգڽ΢ո̸֤ϽλԸ⣬ҵһЩ򡣡
˵ţ΢Ȼǵʵϣ΢ֻ֤ĵ֤ͬһ޵ɵ˵ɣ֤֮Ըһ̨ס
һһһҹȵ΢꣬ƮȻȥ֮󣬳΢ڶɹٵУͻȻ֤
еʿҲ룬׼Ƽɡ
ʿ·Ǳඥһ㣬ȡīд֤ġ
һ죬΢֤֮ˣʮˣνɽ硣
֤Ժ⣬ξٺɽͶ鿴ż˲ǰ΢춼ûзӦ
֮ǰ΢ǿֻǷʿķ룬ǿԻˣϾˣξٺɽͶ鶼ÿʤ΢
ڣ΢վǰͷ·һƬɲ⣬ޱ޼ʵĴ󺣡
Ҫ֪΢Ҳֻͨ˾磬ȻѾǸоʤ㣬֪΢Ϊжߡ
΢һѹ𾪡
һ̣΢һɽ硯ξٺɽع
ǹЦԼôˣ΢ɣҲԼֵܣ΢ԽǿԽãȻ˵ǰһ
ɽ磬磬Ǿõˣ֤ɻ˲ʱ䣬ȥԺ˵İӣϣҪ뼰׼΢֤֮󣬱֮ǰһݳš
˭˭֪˺ͷ˼ֱر΢֤֮ͬΪ˵û뵽ĵز
ʱ򣬾Ϳɱˣڣ΢ɶʤ㡣
һЩǿɣ΢ҲδǶ֣һ΢ǰɲǶ֡
΢ǰԺʱɵϢѾ硣
ҴȥԨͷһ仰ǣ΢С֤ˣĵ֤ͬˡ
Ԩһ¶Цݣοˣǿɵףһ¡
˾ߣֵ˶Ǿϲѣ΢Ȼ֤ˣżꣿ
Ȼ˻ϲǡ
ħ˾ɽǰİ˸飬߼Ϊרȥ˵ı֮Ȼɫֻ˵һζĻΣɽ統Уȱıˣ׿Խ֮ǲߵм


ٶʮ ˷
˽Ԫ
磬ȨͿֻϲȵڴԪϣ֨֨иͣȨ߻һ״ӣǼֻϲȵǵӱʦϲȵϲǴԪдϲˡ
Ȩ⼸Ҳ˳˳ˮΪȱԴÿһ΢ָȨɵΪѾǲ龳ΪҲԪ浤磬˵Ҳһˡ
ͽô˵ȨһЦ㵹ǻ˵ƣȵܶȷ֮ףǴԪ⼸귢չѸ٣ŵϣѾǵڣոīɽˣҪ˵ϲ£⼸̫ˡ
ᵽɷչȨ˵Ԫκһ˶ԴΪ٣ǸûмӣһɽŶ˶ߵĴԪѾһȻŵеĶڡ
ʢ֮£˵ҪţһѡǴԪĺôյ׿Խĵӣһɷĸ
ˣʼÿĹΣǵãٸߵ츳ҲҪԼ̿ڷܲлرǵʦˣڴԪÿ峿ҪɵһƶһնˣҪЧ£һ˿иȨ̵ӣʱ򣬴ԪĵӺͳ϶
УԼλ״ӣ滹յ״ӣ
λ״ӣдԪĵӶͶȥ֮ɫ۹⣬ʿҲֻ˲ʸ̵
ΪֻվͲľ磬ڻһ£ѾҪ龳磬ٶȣ͵һޡ
˭֪ⴿԪ϶ǻύλСʦȨҲչмӡ
ȻǶǳɶġ
ǴԪ⼸ĹأΪ΢͵˵˵ƣ̫ɾϹʳѪͨ
һҪʱЧãΪˣԪ¶Ƿ׷Ч£ÿ峿Ԫݶϣӣɶ
Ҳһ
ʱӿ֮һӰӷԽԽϸһȻһֻɺס
ɺ׼ԣٶȿ쵽ˣֻƬ֮ͷɵԪϿգһܣڴԪ֮ǰϡ
ڴԪУѾΣȨ֮⣬򣬲һ㲻ǵ΢ҩɽʱˣųɺͽ졣
ڴԪɽרſٳҩ԰ȻȲҩɽǰ㣬Ҳƽ˶ҩ԰ҩٳҲֻÿһǳһЩҩԪ˲Ż档
ǽ죬ɺ֮ʣǶ˾Ȼһ̬ĳ֡
ԪˣȨȻҲЩʶ֪ɺ׵ͷųɺͽ첻һǰҩɽˣȻɹ٣ʶ㣬Ȼϵɺ׵ͷ
ųɺͽȨ˸ɫͷɺ׹
Ԫ£ӭ״˽٣
״ˣ
Ԫ˶һ㶣ŪôһɺףôýˣĪɺҲǹ٣
ȨȻҲЩ棬ʱҲûжʣԪĵӣҲһ
ɺ׾ȻǷȻʮָˡ
ö񣬲ö񣬱ٴ˷ǰϲġ
ųɺͽȻ֪״ʲôƢԣɳ״˿в٣רְţҲǿ٣Ź٣ԿԳ֮ΪˡЩɺ׿ԿԣϲҪӣֻҪӣǾͻˣȻܲˣ˵㡣
״˼ǧ˳Ȼ˷ܵĲˣԷѯʣͼԪˣɳѶٺ״ˣطɳ˾֮飬ǴѶɳԺƷɹ΢ִˣɳ֤Ժ֤ɣ֤ͬĵ˾طĵˡ˵ִǵˣǵϲġ
һ仰˵Ԫһ󳹵׺䶯ˡ
֤ˣ
ǴԪԺҲ˵̵˵ˣ
ɲǣһǴԪƶȻ᳹׳Խеţһ
ԣһ
ѣ⼸Ҳͤͤȴһͬûеĳȣ˴ҷ緶˿΢֤ɣȻǸޱȡ
ȨҲһҪ֪ǵ괿ԪĴʦԪӣҲǷ󾳵ʿû֤ɣ΢Ȼʤ˰ȻȨ⼸ҲˣԼҳˣоǲһġ


ٶʮ ɰ
ʦ֣ǴԪΣǳ׵ĳˣ֮ҲܰϢˡȨĿ˫ۺᣬǸ˵ġ
ʦˣվں棬ҲǾޱȣܿ¶Цݣ߬ȭͷʦɣ⵱ӵģҲܸ˼Ҷʦ˵ҵʣʮʱؿɳɣ⻹̫ʦʼҲ࣬ʦɣȻʦ֮ǰɣһҪɡ
ʵ΢ɲԴԪ𶯣ʵϣ綼䶯ˡ
ڣǱϢĬãȻԸȥһȥԪϲ
īɽڣѾǴ˳ɽԪ
ո󣬺ӴһŮޣոķ취Ԫ
ǴԪţĵŸǲԼͬԪǴ£˵΢ɲѰˣɳƷɹ٣пܼ٣ˣԲʧ׷Ī
ʳǡ
ڽУҲõ΢ɵϢ
ʵϣõϢȫ档
ˣղȥһ˴Ԫúȥϲ룬´ָ
ʱһڣ΢ȻɣɳĿǰƲʣ˵ʵ΢в٣ǽҪ֮죬˸ϲǻǵǵ͸߼ǿɲǡ
޷ֻǺϲѣӰ죬ңղ󳼣ɽȥȻǾ˼ǵģ
һҲ֪ѾҲûȰǵڣɳЩŹ֣ڷ͸߼ᣬɳ֮٣һЩ飬ϡ
֪ǵ֮ŵٶȼ죬Ҳ£ǣڣҪǧóȻĳϵʱԿֻǡ
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ڶԺְѾкü죬ξٺɽͶҲһ˽ͷһ죬΢ͼ˶Ժ٣˾ȡ
Է΢Ҳǿżɽ΢Ұ㣬һΪǱӴкĸӣһҲΪд˵ԽҶԺһЩɰˣΪˣҲŻΪ˵֪вѧͱ£ǰƷɹ٣ԺҾͰŸһƷѲĹְξٺɽж飬Ҳһ΢òҪʧ
΢Ȼ˾ʧд˾ȵᵽĳɰ΢һ˵ģһ⼸Ӷˡ
ϸڣ΢٣ԲŻŰ˾Ƚ
⼸ɰ΢ֻ˼ʱ͸㶨ˣ¹εѻյǽһҲΪôӣ΢ڶԺҲ֮ˮתߣ֪λո֤ĵʮܸɡ
ڶԺУ΢Ҫ飬Ž¡
Ǿڵİӡ
΢ܾ̫Σڵ˽⣬Է϶Ķ֣ͬ˵Щͬţ껹Ĳ¡
ھȻǵ˵棬£ɱˣһǹ麣˵ĵӡ
Щˡ
ڷˣôǹΪʲôô
Ҫ£Ƚʮһɹٱ鷭ڶԺӵľв٣΢ⷭ
дĺʮһɹͻȻʧ٣Ѱ޹֮ںħĽ紦Щɹٵʬ
ȻʮһɹǱ˸ˡ
Ǳ˭
һֱδĴ󰸣Ҳκ˿ֻ϶Ǳħɱʮһλɹٵλš
֮˽һЩҪ֤ݽ˶ԺЩ֤ݱʱǺʮһɹйӴģ֮ЩɹپͶʧ٣⻹㣬֤ﾹȻһдƲ֮ϵѪ飬ʮһλɹеһдֻд֣ɱң
֤ݵȷԱ粵ֻҪ֤֤ģڵȷѲ˸ϵ
ˣʹЩϿȷµɱ֣ЩҪֱǳ롣
΢ɲڻɱˣξٺɽͶţǸʱ䳤ˣǲɱ֮ˡ
΢֪뷨Ӽڣһʡ
Ҫ²ףǱͥط̽࣬΢֪ԼǴҲΪѺڡ˾˭岻졣


ٶʮ ҹ̽
٣ҪһѾط΢ƷѲ
΢֪ǵɳڶ࣬˾ҲˣԼȥ϶ᱻ
ԣҪĵȥ
ξٺɽǶ鶼ﲻæ΢Լȥǰ΢û֤ɣҪ͵͵ֱҲǲܡ
˾ɽ糤죬λɽص֮£ɭޱȣڴɱأֻ
֮⣬˾󷨺ʯ
ʯѹ˵ķʯסΪٸҲֻܺͷ졣
˵˾˵ĽأǿҲΪۿۡ
֤ͬ΢ɵΪѹƵ͵㣬Ҳ˾磬֤ͬĺô
˾ھһѿڣǱĳλɽһնһףż
ϿƵѿޣһϻֳųޣء׷;䡣
ôѿκ˶Ͽտ
ڵϣҲʳȮȻ΢һЩֶΡħűУħ̥֮ħʱƫƫó΢Դ˷һͷʳȮڣٿͷʳȮҡڵߵ˾֮
ⷨӣ͵˾ɹƲܰȻ
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΢ͨʳȮ˫ۿȥͷһ
⼸˵һߣģһƣ֮⣬΢ɺһɹ١
ħ˾ٵݣ˿̾Ȼߺһɹ֪˵ĵλҪ߹ɡ
һԻһ˾Աεɹ٣һ˸յ˾Ǳ߾ܳһȺСɹٺ䣬ʮֹӭ⼸λɹٵ
΢ϸܵһϤϢٿʳȮǰҪ˵ʲô
ȵһ룬˵
ջӲСС˾ʵ԰ˣ߼ˣ´ˣ롣
˵һ٣鹧ޱȡ
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΢֪˭ˣԭǸɸ
ԩ·խ΢û뵽쾹ȻٿԷΪѾ۷壬ǾһηȻʧܣҲԳ֮Ϊ벽ˡ
벽ˣһǿҲѰֵܵģ΢ԼԱһ£ڵԼҪϣҲǺʤ㡣
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ʱǱߵͻȻӦ͵Ťͷ΢ʳȮ
һ˲΢ֻоΣռ£ƵʳȮصͺëֱͷ׼
ߣԭֻһͷ֪Ϊ񣬵ֻһֻʳȮ̧֮һһ⼤˲䶴ʳȮ塣
һֻ΢ϡ
ˣһֻѣһǰЩʳȮԶһ㡣һ˾ɹֺһ˵
ԶΪʲôҪԶҪЩʳȮڣ˾ŰȫܹҪ֪ڴ˴ѺĶɳطɲһʧЦɹټæͷ˵ǣѿޣʳȮȷû͵͵˾
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ʱһ˿ƮϢնɱһͷʳȮ˿пƮնɱֻƬ̣ΧʮͷʳȮء
ʮͷʳȮѪζΧǧֻʳȮ궯ѣǷӿ
һʼ˾ſڵɱû⣬ǧֻʳȮӿ֮ҲЩš
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΢ʱŻǱ˾
ħű䲻ħڵĶħħ̥ǵ˿΢ܻ˾һ½ԼʳȮɱǸԼᡣ
ֻǵʲô


ٶʮ ϼ޻
ղ˵Ȼи߼΢Ȼ֪߼ʲôɫ⼸һǱΪ飬һ˾϶ʲô¡
˾棬΢ǲҪڵģأʯԼɵΪѹƣҲһٶԷĸ֪Ҫͺܶࡣ
ֻǵϾǰ벽ˣ΢СĽ֮ǰ΢ѾǴ̽˾ڲṹǶ̵ط϶ǱѺײηС
ȥ΢Ѿ㣬ʦɽģı䣬⻭κһˣҲ̽飬ȵûƤ߶Ҫ
ԣ΢Ҫٰһ١ٵУһƷٽƽģԺɳɹ٣ƽһЩΪ֪ڶԺļ쵱С
ƽһλ֯ԺһλŮ͵͵Ļᣬÿ³壬ʮͶʮ壬һط͵͵棬Ȼ͵͵棬Ȼˡ
죬ǳ壬ǶԷȥĻӡ
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ڣ΢ƽģȻԴҡ˾Ѳӡ
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֪ΪǵҪתˣֱϼ޻ԼԼξٺɽͶ붽ԺõһЩͷŻὲתƣб䡣
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طΧұǶǼΪ̣˵ΪſѹΪΪҪұҲѡɽ磬ɽһͨʯҪ˽ļӲʮҲҪʮ޽ұڸǼ


ٶʮ ɻ
΢ȻûпʼԪָ֪Ԫָ֮ǰ棬һָɱʳȮõľԪָ
ҪԪָηұڣѶȺܴ΢ԼѧԪָҲУǽϵָȥ£΢ͽһѯʡ
һ͵Ŵˣˣǰһط֪ʲôȻѺʱͻȻҪɱȥηˣŶһָұڣطɱʱλ˶˷ܽ˵ȥʣҲ˵֪
΢һͫ
ھȻΪѹƵ·ԪָǴηұڣҵطɱ
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΢۵ģڵΪѾ죬ҽɣаʱˣɵУҲһһĸ֣ʹһָɱҵطܿ
ھָ֤Ҫһ֤ݾǵһдϵѪ֡
дѪ֡ɱҡ
ּĸҪɱˣôöԷһлдѪ飿
ڵΪԷüҲȻҪɱˣǿ϶Ҫɱ͸һʬ𼣡
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΢һڣһҪѯʵİӾǲΪ
ڣ΢Կ϶ǣֻ˵϶ŲΪ֪顣
ͥʱڲǱ˿ôΨһԭء
ʮһɹ֮ʲôܣԸԸն̨ҲԸУڵΪҪһ뿪Ҳ£Ԫָ˭ֵܵƾЩ䣬١
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΢뿪˾صԺ֮еԵɡ
ʱξٺɽͶҲˣԺĿľΪڷҪ˵˶նɱħޣξٺɽͶǶһһĺ֣Ҫ˵鰸ӣǾһĨڣ֪β
ȻµҲ䵽΢ϡ
һ΢̲٣ﾭİʤ˽绹ɽ磬鶼ǴͬС졣ͬˣҲȫ˵ڷ˿˶ǲʳ˼̻ͷͨĸˣ΢֪˱ȷ˸̰󣬾˵ڶΪγ֮󻹻ΪһЩԴȷʿɱҪΪܸһ¥
ΪˣøãһõԴеʱ򣬵Ȼգɳɷ
֮鰸ư΢Ǿڴ˵ģ΢֮ǰѾԺ˼׮ɰΪξٺɽͶҲĸԸ΢ʹҲΪ΢ȣҪ֪΢ĵˣĺǶҲδ΢Ķ֡
΢Ѿʱľڣָ˵ĸ֤ݣ˵һѪ֣Ѿȷǵһλɹٵıʼⲻм١ξٺɽ˵һԶҲһ벻ͨȻʼΪ棬ѵ
΢Ĭ̫࣬ȷӸ֤׿ڳϣѾ֤ɽҲѹ鶼ڻǲĴɡ΢ûȥ˾ûпǸԪָĿ׶ҲͶһ뷨΢Կ϶鲻ǱϿȥô򵥡
ξٺɽЩɶ΢̾˿ɽ磬磬ֻһ䣬ΪΣ
˲΢ôͻȻ룬ξٺɽΪȻǼߣ˵ǹ麣˰ӣȻǺټ֣ҿԿ϶ҺĶӦóŲС
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΢µʶλ˵ΪҪɱˣô»ڣǻдѪ֣
һסξٺɽͶ飬˵۾룬İһϲ԰ôû뵽أ˵ΪôöԷлѪ֣ҼȻɱˣǿ϶Ӧûʬ𼣣ΪʲôûУ΢˵̫ˣԵ
˵Щ֤ݿȥû⣬Ȼɵ˵ͨʹܣΪ¿϶顣΢һһô˵ҲΪ˸ξٺɽͶĲ㡣
ֻβ࣬΢ҲЩͷ


ٶʮ īƽ
΢֪ôǶץʱˡ
ϼ޻ӦѾ³Լξٺɽǽ붽ԺҪʲôԲŻὫڴߣйѺ
ʮһλɹٵľڶ𣿡΢һ䣬Ǳ߶Ѿǽһľڵ˹
΢鰸ȻͣǰҪʮһɹٵıҪоһ顣
ԴЩҳ
Щ˵ľҺͶ鶼ˣҲûʲôر֮һǵеļˣͨɹ١ξٺɽʱ˵˵Ϊ£ĴòĶˡ
΢˼ʱʮһλɹٵľȫϸϸһ顣
˵мֵĶ٣λ麣˵ĵӣԷɽ磬˵ǺŽ׳ģһ·Ҳ׾٣ʱ֤ɣ֮ʮ꣬Ϊħ˾ɹ٣֮󣬺ʮħ˾ɹٱɱڳ졣
Ȼ麣˵ĵҲ൱͵֮ǰ֪
΢һ˸ȤһīƵĽɣǴ˽һ·ģɽ˰֮꣬ŻԵɺ֮µɹ٣ֻһͱɱˡ
˵ȴ΢ʮָȤԷȻĵţīɽڡ
īɽ΢Ϥ΢īɽڵĵһַҲǽ鼫á΢㽫ʮһ˲һ飬ʲô鲻ֻջ
ܱȸɵҪǿ
ɽ磬磬˷ͷжʮһλɹٵĵϸκ¼з֡΢˵꣬ξٺɽͶ͵ͷ˸Խʮһ˷ֺãȻͷж
΢һվҪȥľīɽڡ
īƽɵīɽڵˣҪ˽ˣīɽҪȥһ˵ġ
΢Ҳ˾ˣȻԽ˽磬Ҫǿö࣬ǰ΢ΪٸߣҲͻɽݣ˵ԳɽˡڣѾǿһ㡣
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һ㳡ϣϰīɽڵĵϰīɽڣΨһ֮
춫ΪīɽڵŵӣλīɽڲͣһΣʦϴŵǰȥԪϲȴûд
춫ֻûбֳװ⣬ƺ·Сȴ൱ԹޣҪ˵ΪʾԲȵһַҪ
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춫ѾˣҪú֮дīɽɽһʯȡһŹȵгɣȥԸַᣬоӱʮ겻ȵ͵͵ɱַᣬͿȡ֮Ϊīɽڵĵһӡ
춫ʶһ㣬Իõ⹦֮֮춫֪̾Źǿᡣ
֮ԽһΣΪͽҲǿ˺ֻܶ࣬ŹȴҪѪתΪѪɱ
ֱʱ춫֪ľȻһʮħѪɱ䡯˭µģ֪ΪǸʯҵֻ򿪹һΣ֮Ҳûд򿪹һ˵ܣ˭ûи˭
ħȻħħޣ춫ѪɱѾȫУ֪ôǶħ֪ɳͳ֮أħǼħҲϧ
һֱصļãΪѪɱ书أרŵֽôʱ䶼֣϶޲
ΪѾ޵󾳣ĿҲֻ벽ǸַᣬҲֻش󾳣ȻϣΪҲǱֳ硣
һЩʱͻȻͷӿ֣һ˰⻺¡
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Ǵ£īɽǱ𶯣һЩϢһʱЩӣҲǴ˷ӿϾʿƽȴѹˡ
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ҪīƽɣȻҪԷɣ֮ΧīɽڵĵֻԶԶѹҿ
΢ɨһۣʱüͷһ塣
īɽڵڶӵУȻһΪﵽ󾳣ˣԷȻһħħޡ
ȻӿȥƺΪֶΣȴ΢Ҫ֪΢ۣħģԷֻҪħúεֶ䶼Ӳ΢ħĵĸӦ
ֻǣīɽΪλħħޣ
΢ɫȴǼӵϢʱ۶ԷĶԵһʱ֪
ʱ򣬼ߴҴҸ΢һǹ
īɽڹӭ˽٣


ʮ µķ
ʿǼΪģΪĿľΪ˳ɡ
īɽԴӰǰһλ֤֮󣬾޵ڶ˳ɣλ֮ҲûκϢ˵īɽѾаʱṳ̂㡣
˿̿һλ˽٣ȻǾ𶯡
΢һۣλīɽڵĵ˴Ԫ΢˷·īɽڣַɣأ
ʵ΢̽īƽɵ飬ô˵϶ã΢һͷ
һ⻰īɽڵĵӲŷӦ
΢
΢ˣ
ǼѣĽַᣬȷַᵱ껹λ΢һͬǰڶȡԵżʱ䣬΢Ѿ˾磬ַŸոսش󾳣ܺλ΢˽ãǶԽ˵޺ôģ΢ָͷ©һô㹻ַˡ
һ΢ַģǱ춫ǼޱȣϢҲ˲
סˣȴס΢
ħĵɱӿ֣Ӧڼַᡣ΢ûţīɽ﷢һħħޣ΢һͻƿڣֻ߿ǣĶ֮Ǻ¡
ʱīɽصĳϸæǰԭִˣҼ˺ִַ֤ɣѾǰȥԪϲˡ
΢һʱβѣ˼ȥԼϲԼȻһ֪˵īɽڣڣոҲȥϲˡ
΢Լ¶Щˡ
ִɽ磬ɳ֪Ҳʱ䣬ϺַӦѾ˴ԪˡһλīɽڵĳЦ
΢˵ͷͻȻʵ֪λγƺ
ǳܳæ𣺡ִˣ֮ƲҵīɽڴϷīɽԽִɽĵ֤ͬɣǧִĵ֤ͬʵǧһˣһ󡭡
΢æ֣ϣ֪£һøϻشԪлԵһīɽΪҽ⽣ңɽ罣Ҳһλˣ֪֪֪īƽɡ
Ƿһһ𣬾īʦ棿ִˣ֪īʦ棿˼ĶīɽѾаʱû˼ҵѶˣִ֪ظ֮
˵ţⷽҪд񣬱΢¡
룬΢ʵʵ˵ҵȷ֪īƽɡѾɡ
ī浱ˣһɫʵϣûѶأīɽڵҲܣֻһֱû֤ʵԼҳɵ䣬ȻǱ˲ѡ
΢᲻ƭǣȻ΢ĿǰΪ͵λûбҪѡ
ĪҪˣ·ΣķţԵŬ֮ǰ۽֮϶Ҫ֤ɡ΢ʱ˵ǰοǷһҲǵͷִ˵ǣֻǲīɽȫϳţǲţԲųٳٲ֤
΢ͷ˼ڵ棬īƽɣҲ΢Ҫ˽һ£ȻⷽȥȻϣʵϵīƽɻڵʱֻǸոհ뽣ڵĺ֪ͯ࣬ȴ֪īɽںɽīƽɵľɾӡ
΢м£Ȼ룬Խͨһ̺֮ɽյصС
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пֶΣӰȥ١
ٿ΢µĽɽƯڿУɢ⣬ټīɽ֮ڵĺĵΧ⡣
һλµĽ⣬󣬶һ֮ͻ߽⣬ȻҪץʱ
һβ춫ûбѡС
Ȼصĺܺã˶Ҳܿеɱ̫أӣÿնҪȥڣϴӽеɱ⡣
춫ޡ
ЩʵĿЩͬȥɽϵĽʱһִ¹춫㽣аҪ컯еβͲҪμˣȥɽڰɡ
Ȼ춫޲̰νǰɱ֪󾳵ΪǲڽڵмΪҪóȻֻ
һԲŤͷߡ
ҪȥǸصʯѪɱ䡯һΪͻƵĿ磬ʸѳħɽڣ֮ǰҪɱ䣬һҪɱģǸַᡣ
ᳵ·춫͵͵ﵽǸصʯſڣȻؽ룬ʱѹûѾǶһӰ


ʮһ һƲл
վ춫ˣȻ΢
Ȼû뿪֮ǰ˵ֻ˵˵ѣȻīƽɵľլ΢ȻҪȥ̽һ¡
Ϊͨ˾ȥ磬˵һССīɽˡ֪΢ȥīƽվס̽˸顣
ֻȻûκη֡
ôӶһλõ˵ľӣţ͸һɵ⣬ûīƽµκζ
ʱ΢ǸħĽڵ͵͵ܵɽһϿȵУ͸˹ȥȻǴջ
һΪصĵطȻôһʯҡ
Ǹڵ߽ȥ΢Ҳһ̤룬ڴ˿̣ͻ
΢ʯҵ˲䣬һɼΪĽǰϮΪͻȻһҲǰǸڵӲæͷȥ
˭
һ̾ûһ쵱У΢ӭЩ˿赲Ƭ֮䣬ѾǶʮС
Ӳ󣬶֮⽣磬΢ΪǸħĽڵӻĽ֮£û룬ʯӿһȻǽǸڵӻں棬
ʯˡ
΢һӦˣǰκξ£ο֤֮ͻȻϮԼ֮ˣȻһ֣΢ҲҲýɣ΢޽˵ġ޽䡷
޽佲ľ޽ʤнʱɽʱ硣
˿΢ʮۣÿԷĽն΢ָһ̾ͻһӭϣͶԷն
ôƴɱ˰У͵Ϯ֮ƺҲ΢Ϊ򣬹һɽ潣
΢üͷһ壬ֶΣ
˵꣬һ̤˲ʱ䣬罣ɷ棬һ죬ʯ֮ڵĵǱķ飬ˣһεĽ磬棬ʯڣǿնһۡ
һ̣ǽ֮ĶԾȻ˫Ѿ൱ƣһɽᱻǵĽնֻ֣շ磬Ǹ֡
ò˵΢ʱЩԷֶΣ˵ԷĽѾǿԺξٺɽȽɱȼˡ
ʵϣʯҵУֻܿ΢ǸѾǿιȥĽڵӡ
˭΢Խȴǿ΢˾磬ͨԿʯҵһǣȻһźӰ
ȻǶԷ͵Ϯ
һ֮ǺӰȻҲʮ⣬Ҫ֪ĽѰαҲֵܵסټ͵ϮΪʮþȽ΢նɱȴû뵽ԷȻȫ
ǺӰǿҵΣУǶԷһ˫۾ӽʱһֱԿԿλá
һ̣Ӱʲôˣ
΢ӰԷĿģҲΪԷֻһлѣʧȥħƣѾħ
˭뵽īɽڵеһʯҵУȻһħ񼶱ħޡ΢ûлشԷΪѾ˶ԷĴ㣬΢ҲѹûбҪشΪԼ³Ӱݡ
һ̣ӰȻǻһźҪȥ
ӰҲ֪޷΢նɱѡߣ΢뿪һʻһ̣ƾճֵͬһ㽫ǺӰ˸ʵʵϸȥЩīƽȴǿԽл֮塣΢ʦеֶΣͬڵҲͬһʩչǹ񣬶ӽ
һȻǽǺӰĹǺī
ӰһӲҲɴֱ࣬ģɣֻǹ»ҰżʯңһЩͨһֱڴ˴δȥˣɿף»Ұһ
΢ЦˣŶԷīƽɣôҲ䵽˵˵ĵĵزˣҪЩͽͽɢһֱΪλʦɣɣҲΪīɽڣ㻹һҵĺá
һ˵ǺӰȻޱȣ첻ãõͳ㾿˭
ɳԺƷѲ΢΢˵꣬ϵһɺǺӰʱƬֳ̣һΣһΣξҪ࣬һۣģΪʣȴǴһ˿֮ɫӡ
ˣãԣҪɱҪУҪѺնħ̨ҶϤ㣬⺢ӣ޹ġīϰȻһԱߵʹȥ춫˵
΢꣬һЦһΪҪΪ֮ãǱˡ


ʮ 𾪵
伥īϱ˼䣬ǱαװīƽɫߣαҾͲţֻʣѵԸһֱأʲôˣʲôƭӣαƣңһҪҺްڣǵļƻɱҲڶôãڣƲ
΢һ۾һȻԼҵ˼ΪҪī˵ڻˡǡļƻĪָʮһɱɹ٣
΢ʣīδػ˵ʵȻܸ߶ԷΪ鱻˻ʱʲô˵
ҶԷҲпǹô˵ȥҲ˵Գȥ̽鱨Ѿ֪ڱԸղЩҲпīƹ˵ġ
˺ѶԸ΢ҪɱףδӶԷʳȴǼѡ
뵽΢ͷһת̽һ£ʮһ˾˺£
īƵͷ˿̧ͷɨ΢һۣ¶һ˿սƻЦݣ֪԰ɣңٰһҶȻͰ㣬ʱͿȥڣȻºҪѺն̨ġ
΢һһȻ֪
תһ룬ȻԷ֪ǿ϶Ҳ֪Լ˭ǸոԼԱʱһѾ뵽Բˡ
ࣿɱʮһɹ٣ɷ࣬ҽħ޴ȥնħ̨Ҳҵְڣ̸㣬˵ˡ΢˵˭īƹЦ΢װˣΪǶﲻȥ㣬ʲô֪Щʱ޿̲ڱΪҵ㣬ڷ붽ԺΪ£˭浱ɵӣ˲˵ղ˵ˣֻҪңٸһʵᣬҾͽ㣬ʱͿԾڣİӣҿԱ֤ڰȻ
Ȼ顣
˵ʵ΢ں޲һһɱɾͬԷ˵ԼȷҪеࡣ
뵽΢ѹеɱʵ˵ν࣬ڷ
Ȼīһ϶
Ҳ˵ɱǣ࣬Ҳǣ΢ʣǱīҲɵǾЦִˣͱˣȻߣȻࡣ
΢ЦˣȻָָԷϵΪʲôҪ⽻ףҽȥ̱ƹ͵ˡ
ִˣòҪԣȻ˱סҪɱҲסɣˣԶ֪ȥ˵һЩû֤ҲȻ㹻֤ݡīƴ˿̾ǶķĶͽ΢ǿԷǿиɣʱƵùá
īƣڴ˴Ҳʮ˰ɣôʱ䣬Ϊʲôò΢һЭӡ
Ҫңȷſңϸ˵ִˣģΪö࣬Ҳĵ֣ſңҲ򲻹㣬Ӳˡīƿ΢ɶļ󣬼æ˵
΢˶Էһ̧ۣһԷϵʧ
лˣִˣҪ˵ҪҵҪ߱춫ĵҵһѡ񣬾ͬ˵ģΪﵽһҲŻȥᣬǼȻִˣиõѡǾǡīһ˵һ鿿˵ͻȻ˫ĿĹ⣬΢̸оһѣΣͬʱīƽյλһֱ΢üġ
ӵĿ꣬㣬΢ִˣΪҸոǴ򲻹㣿ǹ㣬ôܷɾ裬ΪīƲˣڣҪĨɱʶΪҿ˵ˣĵ֤ͬˣԺҾ΢һҲˡīƵ·һ㣬ԺըŵͿ
һ̣īƷĳֶħħΪ¶ԷˣҲԽ䱾ʶĨɱȡ֮
ʱӦѾĨɱ΢ͻȻīƣǲǾһоգΪħĶ֮ҵ
΢īƴʧɫ̵ôܣ㡭ʶӦѾĨɱˣô˵ħħҲܶǡ
֪뵽ʲôīŲͿ־壬̾ͷӦҪӳȥܿͷ֣岻ȥǱ׽ʶ嵱С
֪Ҫ˵ʲôħȷħ䲻ʩչҲУͬնħħޣܲħӰ죬˵԰ɣ΢дżīһ֪Ҫ⣬ĳײл岻ȥһ̣һΰӰ֣ͬһ࣬΢ģȻħ졣
΢ħġ
֡㣬㾹Ȼǡħޣ


ʮ ɱ
īǾţīɽһ𣬾뾡Ϊʲô
Ϊ˳ΪīɽڵŵӣһͶķӰ쾺֣ջʤ
ΪīɽڵĶͽԸĳ֮Ůһ¶ԷªޱȣҲǻƭ
ʲô£
ڷܣʣҲֶΡ
īƾˣΪˣڶ̶ʮ֤ɣΪīɽڵĵһ֡
ֻǣīɽڣԳ֮ûиκΰǶϵɽ磬ΪһɿԻĺܺãɽ˶繷֣ײ㡣
ò֤ɣȻˣīƼƽ⣬ɽʮ֪Ǻϵɣֻɳɹٲܸһȡ
ʼ뷽跨ҪΪɹ١Ϊ˴ĿģīƳﻮ˺ܶ꣬ύɹ٣ͨϵգԸԳħ˾ΪһƷɹ١
ֻʱջ󣬶ħΪħޡ
֮նɱһֱлطѾɢ֮䡣
һ΢֣ԼˣֻҪռ΢ǳɾͱȻᳬԭٱʮþȵĶħȻ΢Ч
˿̣Ƿ΢ȻҲħޡ
ִ֣ˣħޣҲħޣһ·ˣˣ϶ɳϸã̫ˣִˣҰһλħֵ£ʮһ˶ǣǿԺģҿ϶ˣԺ˵кĻᡣ΢ħ֮īȻʮ˷ܣΪԷħޣͲˡ
ֻȻīһԸ
΢ʱīƣʵϸûκ֤ݣڵΪɱʮһˣ֪ˣΪʮһ˶ѾħͼΪһڲŻὫȫնɱ˵ĶԲԣ
ûȷʮһɱĶ֣һһɱֻҲܺ棬֪ħȴΪûкκ˵ԸͥҲ˵ʵǹŹ֣ãԼѰֵܹ˭ˡ
סڣ
΢ҲͲסͷһħѾͻȻһֱӺīƵлϡ
΢ħĺεǿħ֤ͬħҲǽȣôһŭ֮µĹȻ˲ͽīƵлķ顣
⻹㣬΢ʶ𣬽Էл˸һɶһ£īǳϡ
΢ʹԷԼʶУΪ̽ν֤ݣȻûУ΢֪ࡣΪˣīһ仰׼ŭ΢΢ɱ֡
īⱰСܶ˵ػ뷨ʮһ˵ǶħˣħҲûʲôƫƫǻҪΪ֮£˼Ȼ֪ˣݵǣҪ֪һͱǻǣܶˣīɽڣ˵ҲᱻɳȡޡҪǣʮһһǹ麣˵ĵӣ麣˺εĶӾȻħħޣȥԹ麣˱ȻǺܴĴҲ϶ᱻжԵã£Ϊˣ˲ŻĸԸ𰡡
΢˵īҲ˵Լ
ںܶյ׶ҿˣΪʲôڻУȥ粵˵࣬ΪҪά麣ˡ
£麣֪
΢ҲŪ֪麣ΪԼڣλ˾̫ˣԼȥҿյףԷ᲻ɱԼڣ
麣˲֪Լҿ⣬ͻù麣Ը¶顣
ξ񣬵ȷѡ
ɱī£ȴһҪһԷȷŭ΢֪ԼħԱҪ
΢ԼдҲûԼһЩĻҪɣҪײУ΢ħҲûħľ֤ݡ
ʲôħͬޣ
ʱƣʱĪȱƶе֪Բ졣
ۣ΢˿ʯңһжڸոնлһٵҩйؼ
ǸħĽڵӵûҲܷβܣ΢룬һ㣬ͽӵ飬˶ԷΪ
Ϊ٣ħҲ޷һעҪһˣԹԹ޾ͺޣҪ֣͹ãң
΢˵꣬һѾʧ١
һ΢ջķᣬͨīƣ΢ѾǽĴ³ʮһɹٶħԼҪһ£ڲΪֹЩ񣬲ɱһһɱ
Щ˱Ͼڵɱһ˵ʱЩ飬ûеɱҲˣѪָ֤ڡ
˺顣


ʮ һ
ڲһɽŹ뽫麣ǣλ˵һԸڱ
ǲ²⣬ϸ룬ΨһĿԣҲֻ˲ܽ͵ͨ΢ȥѯڣ²ҲԺ˾Ųʮˡ
Ҫڷֻ֤ʮһɹٶħ漴ɣɱְڣ쾭塣
ֻҪõóֵ֤ȴûУīѾɢţҲδʵʵ˵ȥ֤ͥԴ˵ĺ֪϶ˮҲ˵Ȼ΢Ѿ֪Σ޼ƿʩ
Ͼտƾ
΢ûٴīɽڵˣǷվƶ֮ϣ룬Լ֤ɣҲӦûһ˴ԪϾǰȥϲԼ֪ҲˣȻ֪ȥʧ
°УǷȱ֤ݣһʱ΢Ҳ벻ԲߣȻȥ
뵽΢˾ϣһ⣬Ԫ
˿̵ĴԪΪ΢֤ɵϢȥ󣬿˵Ѿ𶯣۴Сţ˶٣˴ǰϲ˵ĵţڵļ˹ĵţҲвǰϲ
޵һͳԪҲûӣ˼Ҳ˻ȥΣֻʮдֵĵרż񵥡
Ȩ֪ЩʱҪȫ˻ȥԭܼ򵥣ǲܸ΢鷳
΢ͨˣɹ٣ƹȨƣҲɳɷƣ˺ôǲ죬Ѿ߲ܣºǣһһ˻ءȻЩ鷳Ҳֻˡ
Ԫǰģ󣬸ûлʹ⼸괿Ԫǰ޽һʹ˿ǸպóȻԽ̣ǻӦ
ʹ֮ڣȨȻΪԪӦ꣬һá
һۣ뷢԰ףɷǣһеʿ
˿֮λģûһȨǰ漸λãڵǱ˳޵˾µһˣԱīɽڵĽϣкոĸӡ
ǵŵŶڣ֮⣬˹ĵţÿһ߷磬ʿĶڡ
ȽȨΪеĵλ򲻼ЩʿģǴ˿̣ûһ˸СȨ¶ԷΪֻ󾳡ǴĵŹģҪڵĴԪ󣬿֮ǹмӣ˿ûչ¶мԽС
ΪԪվһֻĴڡ
΢
ĵ֮Ѿ磬ɽʷ֮ϣ֤ͬĵĲûУȴû΢֤˽
Ҫ֪΢˽Ĺֻһ֪¶ٽ޶Ҫ΢Ҫ΢˵һϲĵŵУԽڵľв١
ԪȻ˽ܵ飬ֲĵ˻Ὣ˴Ϊʵ鴫һŵŴ˿˵
ˣʵǿˣ֪˻ṧά˵ֻȨĶˣûӣܲͷ
ǰǰŴԪһֱûлǰݷãγΪĵ˺ϲһԪ֮Ҳǲˡһͬƨ
ڡīɽںͺոû˵ȹά֮ԣĺϲһȨﻹ׵ġ
Уֻһλ״ӣţĵԵĵӣлȽ֮ơ
ȻǱ״ϵĵַᣬ¸ӵ״С³̸۵Ķ
ȻһʵѾ̤ĿСǼоߵһС󾳣ַΪȱʧһۣȻʺǿĿǰҲֻش󾳣ȽѾûպʱķ⡣
ŵĵǲǿ⣬˹ĵг˲ٽ֮ܳˣͬɽڵң¶ͷʤʿֻʮ꣬ΪܸߣѾﵽĿСò
пɽڵķͬΪʮ꣬ң¶ҪѾĿ󾳣˵ܿҪͻƵԾ
ΣɽںͿɽҲϲλŵҲһͬǰɫ١
̸һ˾ͿʼȽһʺΪź͵֮䣬һһ֮䣬ǻϾôһϾ˵ۡ
Ǳ֣ΪѾĿˣٹͿ԰֤ˣңٵʮ꣬û׿ԽĵӣͳͿʧİһŵʱ˵ô˵ҲΪŴµΣԼͽܸոսأȲϱˣֻ̧Դ׳ơ


ʮ ħϮ
ǱεȻóԷ˼ͲЩֻ΢΢һЦδ˵
˵ȴҪ˵
һʮǰ֤֮󣬱ˣǱţѾǵеȥˣѾǶʮһ꣬˵޵ĿСҲ׿Խ㲻Ͼţֻ˵ǿǿţһƲӣ治֪ǵʲôǱһԹĵźʿ˵ƺ˽ۣȴǺܴ˶ˡ
һ£ŶЩˣԷһ仰ǽǶ˵˽ȥϸһ룬ȴԿɱ磬ŵһҲȷֻһõó֣СȻΪֻ龳ңҲʮˡ
һַᣬΪʧһۣΪѾǸˡ
˿̣վڽַҲɫѣҲΣСޣѾŭ⡣
ŵ˵ǻסϵĲѾǿó
ǸԹʱƺǱ˵˼䣬Ȼ޹˼ɣֵ˵ѵô΢ʵ˽ʮУкɽڣпɽڣ߾ţŵûһģǸŲϺţǣԺҲǣһ֪ˣһټһС£ǿǱȲϺɽڵң¶Ϳɽڵķʽ˼ҾţǸǲֵһᣬɽںͿɽκһǼȲϡ
ߣ̫һ̲סӺʿŤͷһмҲûãбǺ˼Һɽڡɽڵһһ£˭˭ӮȻҵĻͱ˼ô˵
ʱѾＤŭΪʿǺɽںͿɽרģƵģԿŵҲǴŭ⡣
ɽںͿɽڵҲĪ˿ǣǱӦø˲Ŷԣ⻰ôԽԽ䡣
Ҳó˷𣬱ϾԷ˵ңң¶ͷһеٮٮߣҲû˵ֻǳϲ԰ˡ⼸ŷӦЩˣʵˣĪǻ˵ˣ
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ͬ˲佫ĪıŰͷŭɢڶʿ׼֣һ̣ǻعˡ
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֪ҸովȻûסģ˷ŭɱ⣬Ź֣ԣǡһʿҲǴ˵
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ħ񾳸֣Ǳ̧ͷ죬ɫδйء


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Ҫ֪ǵпûһĸ֣ģҲ󾳣ЩħȻıѾãģʵ˼ңһʤ㣿
֮ǰܲԷѪ磬뷨ӳȥڣˡղǸƵʿȻħ޼ٰ磬ΪľǹƻģҪڶʵΪʱ䣬ħ޲
޴Ϊһʱ֮ȻЩħ޵ļơɽڵһλϳ̾һһڡ
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λЩħΪ֮ùƻаԻҵǣƣͶλ޹أ˷ЩħڣӦֿˣһǱʱ˵˵꣬Žϣ⼸λ󾳵ʿֵλǷһ뽫Էͷħ񾳸ɱǲһ˵
Щħбħ񲢲öԸиоԷŸ֡ʱ̧ͷ˵ǱһҲ¶ȣҪ˵ΪӦڽ֮ϣ㽣ϵҪԼһϵΪǲԼӦҲʹﵽ̶֤ȡ
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ߣô죡Ǳ۾һòı㣬ȷΨһʤ㡣
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Ԫ˷ħϮҪսսҲ޷Ϊ˶ȻΪȥͬűԪȨ˿ֽ̳
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ԭЩħרԴԪӵģѰġ
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뻹˭ɵҪѰ·


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ԣǲţӣҲǵּռȻԪ봿Ԫɽڵĳϴ˿ҲǺ
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ŵӴ˿Ķһ֮Գ֮ΪţԼѣԿ͸ʡ
ħ޸ղԸǺ˵˵Ϊ˷ֶ֮˵Ļѻţ
ƫƫӹҲв٣ǰϲĵŴ˿Ǻˣ˵棿ǾͲæͣʱͷ뿪
˵꣬Щ˵һԣѡ⡣
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棬ħ޺͵ŵѾɱһϸǾųħѾɭȻһЦȻһһȭ
һȭЯ֮ƣһȭɽһȭǴϣԷҲǱɡ
ħȭɱɣ


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Ԫ˵΢Ѫ˿ħͻȻϮǴ㽫Ԫɱ⣬ԴԼ΢ܲŭ
£ħ񾳸֣ʵƽԪģ
ֱӳƺħǴɣƽħ񾳸ͱŭˣǴ˿̣ȴǲҷŭ


ʮ 
ŭҲҪԵ˭΢ոչֳֶ̫ˣǾ޽ڵϣոջħ񣬴˿̷·Ĩȥһ֪ôģˣĶҷŭ
΢ǣǻûػ
ǣħԪ¼ȮϲĵˣҲҪɱ⡣ų߾޺ʱ˵
΢ͷƽԪƣôһʱɱˣʱȻɾ޴Ӱ죬ԪͲ˵ˣЩϲͬħɱȴҶһҵĹλȣ˵þͱһЩ֮˽ˣȷǺơ
Ǿų߾޺û˵Ͼޱȣ΢ʵ˸˾ŲʮȷƽԪΪɱ΢Ϊɱϲĵˣһôž񣬼΢ǰƷɹ٣ʱҲȻҪΡ
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΢ΪǸߣҪסȴҲ롣ų߾޺΢壬˿˵
Կ΢˵꣬Ǳ߾ų߾޺ͺ֣ɱ΢
δ䣬ǿЦ˫ѾǷЦͻȻ֮䣬ѾǻһӰգ֮͵΢ǰһצץצѾǷٱָſָɳԽһСɽ顣
΢㶼㣬̶ֳȵħ޵ȷǿѰˣɱԼǲ̫࣬ҵ΢ħʲôħû
ԷŹħö䷨ѣҪ˵ħ΢յĲȶԷ٣ȻҲħ㡣˿̿Ǿ޴צӣ΢һЦǱǱţƽһá
˵꣬΢˸һǱһƽȻǷӶһ⣬նһ
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ǿЦ˫˴˿ҲˣҲЦˣ΢УǾ֣Ҫߣ΢һģһԪ£ĳࡣ
ֹеħ޶ʹ಻ǽԪѪ磬˿ҲǱѺۡ
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̶ʮϢ΢һƪ꣬ħѾǾնɱǸų߾޺˿Ҳаٽóס
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ԪڶӴ˿Ǽһ𣬹
Ԫӣӭˣ

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ħͻϮЩҲʧ˵Ҳ΢ʹԪǣȻϵ΢Ҫ㡣
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ֻ֤һ΢֤ͬĵȻˣ̫࣬Ĳ˵ɺɲħ񣬽΢һˣħޣⱾ£޳ɶδС΢ҲҪҪϸ
ţǸ˷ܲѣҪ֪еСűûи֣΢ƱؿԽΪһЩ˭Ը⣿
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΢ȻܸоɴԵԪɽҲ
콲ʿȻǳе˸ֱͻƿԹ֮л΢Щˣе飬ԣеˣȴǴĴš
ߣһڴԪɽİߣ΢Ȼǲ󷨣ǣ̤֮·֮󣬸ǳΪһ֮ǺҲᡣ


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΢֮Űһǹһˣħ֮أħһÿħ޾ɱ
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ҲħħƽԪȥԪȻûгɹ΢ǸǳˣԪĵҲˣǣͬȥ΢Ͳ΢ˡ
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Էħ΢ǰûм˵ƽԪ֮߳ǰϻֺħ֮⣬ͬ֡ȻħʵҲҪ¶λˣƽԪԷħ
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˿΢һˮ̶֮£ʦֶλ㣬ħʶѲ
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ħħ񾳸֣һξˣħҲħȥԸԪˣɽ˱Ȼնɱ
ͷϵʶɨ飬΢һϢ֮ˮ̶һһҹ
ڣħʶʧ΢ֵãŻˮ̶ɳ
һͻϮħ΢һŭ֮ľôмΪ˼֮⣬ҪҪһħڡ
ǰӵУʮһɹٲԼħ϶ħ޹ƻ󣬶ʸƻʮһɹٵħޣȻǵ֮ˣ£ɳǱʹҪħڵ顣
ʱ΢ǾԼħħôˣϾ£ɹǲġ
ΪʲôҪĵȥͻϮħȴΪ΢ǰȥħʱżѲɹ١Ϊɹ٣ûԵɵǰȥħ򣬱Ȼ飬鷳ħ˾ĹٵҲˣǣ΢һݣһºݵģҪˣ΢ȥġ
˿̣ħʶѲ֮΢δ뿪ħ򣬶װ磬лħģħޣ͵͵Ǳħħɽ
·ħʿܻȻһ΢ͻϮħĴܴ΢֤ͬħ񾳸ֶѵһУħ񣬲Żоħ΢һ֣ӡ
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ɣûбˡ΢º΢˼֮󣬹ִˣôˣ
΢ܿʶ£ڳ£ħڶɳϸ̳֮ˣҪ֪ϸ֮¶ħ˾ֱӸ֪ϸ͵ϸڳ£ûʱ佻ЩϸҲЩˣ֪ҲǲܲˣӣºڶɳϸǶ̻̲꣬ա
ִˣ˱ݺٶȻԼ½鱨Щ˺ȥδӣִ˶ᡣºְݣˣ˵ڸ˿һԲͿܻɱ֮£ûŵù٣ǽҪعɳѡ
΢üͷһ壬µȷ֮ܵ


ʮһ ɷ
΢˼ºһҧִˣѾһЩֵܣǺһִֻˣҵ£Ҳִֻ˵
һ΢ˣºڵţͶɣֱԷˣֶΣǾ֮ءºħǱôã˵ûһǵ֮Ȼ֪ɳ֮ϵ֮Ҳ൱ҡĽˣΪǲˣɾ֪ʱ緲ˡ
΢ʱҪǵģҪҪºȺˡ
𰸼ǺԥҪһΪҲΪպ󲼾֣ԼҲм洦
뵽΢ºȥ絽ˣǣ΢ڴ˽ӹǣҪʲôԺ˵ǰһ£ܲ١
΢Ըǣºʮָˣ˵ʵ΢ºޱȣ΢ĳɾͱȻ֮ϣܸ΢ԼܻõĶࡣ
лʲô¾ܷԸ¶Ȼȫȥ졣º
΢һºȥ΢˫£кˣŻºһɳϸͿܲܲһ㶫ˡ
Ȼ΢Ҫץʱ뿪Ϣºǻһʱͨ鱨ϢݳԼҲ֪ˡ
Ҳ˵΢ǽϸߵָȨ˵Ȩ޴
˽һ΢ûȥԳǣǴܵϢ뿪Ȼħ֮ڣҲδ˶΢뿪ǺӵħΪͨȻ֪΢һһأѹЩ£ֻҪħھУ飬Ҳû
ɽ糤죬Ժ
΢գʱħͻϮԪȻ΢һŭ֮ɱħ򣬽ħһÿֱ£ѾǴˡ
ڽ΢ˣжһ˿η
ۿˡ
̸۵Ľ̸Ȼ΢Ϊ˵΢ĵˣħħϮλո֤ɵ˶ú޻֮΢ȥˣһ֮Ȼǽħ޾ɱ
Ѿǹˣ⻹ֻǿʼ΢ȻΪһŭ֮£ɱħ򣬻һħÿڡ
ʲôͣǡ
ɳڶˣҲ˵ɱħģ꣬Ҳֻ΢Ż˵͡Ϊ£ɳڶɹҲǸִ̬Ȳͬ
еȻ֧֣Ϊ΢ĵˣħ޼ȻҪɱǸƬײҲ˾΢ˣɱ֮еûʲôΪҪħħһÿڣʱħȻȡδػȥԸԪǿȥĵ֣Ҫ㵽΢ͷϣ֮˵΢鷳
΢ħʱõĸҲڶ˽ֵģеĵ˵еȫûͬ΢һˮľ޴󳤽лΪˮɱħޣֲǣ΢һʼһɱһħ񾳸ֵͨʱѾǴ
һ֮ˮɾ޽ʲôξٺɽ˿ʵǽɣȻ⽣Ǻ档
񽣾΢ҲûϾûʲôģ֮ǰξٺɽҲ֪Լɷ
񽣾ͣʵڲ˼顣ξٺɽ棬һԶǶ΢һɱһħ񾳸ֵĵ棬΢ȴû˵ΪʦеġĨһʡ
ʦ΢չ¶ǣ̿ĪаĪаһħħһϳԼõĺĪаһֶΣǿƺҲϴˡ
ʱһ̹ٴܽһӡ
Ǹ΢ġ
΢Ӵ򿪣Ȼһдɷᣬ΢μӡ
΢һ⣬ξٺɽֻ֤ɵķᣬһһΣɽɺܶ඼μӣԽá
ûʱȥ΢һԣ⡣
ξٺɽͶһۣȻǰߵȥɣʱ˵İӻûнչҲûʲô¿ĵˣĵо½ˣ˼Ҷˣǲȥ˿ʵΪԴ󣬶;
ħ飬΢ܺκ˵īƽɵ飬΢Ҳû˵ʵ˵ûãܻ£Ϊû֤ݣտƾ
΢һ룬֪ξٺɽ˵û룬ֽ˿ʱ䣬ȻˣǾȥɡ


ʮ ˫
ɽиֵᣬɵнϴһҪ֪ķ˽硢绹ɽ綼ǼΪУЩϵɣųɶɴ˿ɼڵеĵλ
ξٺɽ޵ǽǻɵû֤ɣǶûʸμӵġ
΢ʱ򣬸ԶԿʥԺơȻɵᣬȻҪʥԺнУ΢Ƕһ˼ǰҲû̹ӣɹȴһų
ʱһƽƳ΢ٷǰƥޣ̤ƶУһ滹̹һɣȻ֮˵λ͡
΢ڳͷĳߺȣ΢㿪
΢㿪һ˷۵糸ӶҲѹ֣μӵɹ٣ĸǰӵ΢ôһͨ£һǰĿ˵ֻѰɣλûУ˼Ȼ
΢Ҳ⣬ƶ䣬պÿոǸƽƳµһλɹ٣ԷȻλͣ̾ʥԺǰӭʥԺС
½ɸȻЩֻӴɹ٣΢ͼǰʽ⵹Ҳã΢롣
ʥԺ΢ǵڶˣһΪɽ飬ʱһĻĿֻǶ̶̼꣬΢ҲѾˣһ΢ֻܴһطҴڣȴߡ
ɵһʮ־޴Ļ԰нУ΢˳ĿȥѾɾۼȺ̸ЦȹŮشУ
΢ʶ˲࣬ʥԺ΢ҲֻҦʥԼʥ죬΢֪˫ҲɾɣҾ˵ǰӸͨˣΪʥ֮һ
˫΢ѣ΢ȻΪˣ˵֮仹һ˿顣һΣ΢Ҳ˫ɡ
ʱ΢һ߹Զ˾͵ϵܣˣɽΪˣҲңǲҦϸˣ
ȻҦʥ
΢æ񣬶Ҧʥ΢ǹмӣԼֻٵʱҦʥͶԼշмӣԼõˣ΢Իٱر
Ҧʥ΢дһԷϸ΢ʮָɴ࣬˵Դӽ֤ԺͶ಻ʤ̲鰸ûݷùҦʥ
ľ͹ˣϵܣд֤ҿˣܼҪ֪һЩ˿ɲô֤ɣʥͦλ֪֤ͨˣҪ֤ɻأһʥҪúллҦʥЦӣ΢֪ʱԼһƪ֤Ĳôͨ
֤ģҪʥԺһʥϿɣ֪ʥԼʥԺҲϵ֮
ȻҦʥֻʥ˫Ĺͣ΢֪ҦʥȻҲȨ֧Լ
Ҧʥ΢һ·շ˶΢ġ˵ĻҪ˵ģղҦʥһЦû硣
ʱʥʥԺһʥһ֣ͬȻɵʽʼˡ˿̣΢оһĿԼϣ̧ͷȥ΢һʥ£ȴɵŮӡ
˫
ϴһ֮;ǰ䣬һ֤ѾʥԺһμѻ
΢Ȼ֪˿̾δ棬ǸӣֻǾͶ֮һƣҲǰɬ˿ͶĿ⵱У⡣
΢Цˣ˫˵Ǻ£Ҫ֪֤ɣ²֪ŮѧʿûȻᡣ
˫ҲȻһЦƿĿ⣬ʥһӭͽ̸
ҦʥҲùȥ΢ֳһˣϲҪǽģʫ䣬鷨΢ЩԶǿһɣ΢ǽԣ˵Ǿ˷ʱˡ
ǲǵĵλ΢ɳĲſǧ궼ţύһǿϧʱһ
΢ûͷ֪˵֮˭

˵и߼ɣղ΢һͿЩˣֻǵͬΪı΢Ҳȥǣû뵽ԷȻˡ
ʣЩ˿϶ûġ
Եǵˣ΢ҲЦӭϷݼҲٳ֮ϣϵĶģ׵ѾС
΢걾֤ԺҲֻ֤ͬ˵֤ͬĵȷ˲ðְֲ졣ˣ֤ɣ̲ܽУԴҲöǫ飬ǰҲҪһЩߵԶһ͵һɹٴ˿ɨ΢һۣýѵĿ˵


ʮ òҪ
ɹǰԾӣǵýѵĿǽѵ΢Χɹһ֪ͷԡ
ˣǹġ
ݣѹո֤ˣƵɳٳҲʱзٻֳϣɵᣬɳɶˣʱӣǺξѾȻҡ
ɹһСʵⲻǵԺѾƷɹ٣ΪΪҪΪ΢
ûԱߣ˵΢Щڣǵӵ΢йأɽĪ棬϶ҪŵһɹҲС
΢Ӳùˣ֪
ǵţĪһ죿ǿɣǵġ
ʱȻʹա
ˣνţٶȿ죬еʱϣ¾ͻçײ˵֮ǰΪһС£ֻһɱħ򣬻ħһÿڣȻɳ֮Ҳ֮١һвЩħޣ°߻ɱɳ޹⣿ԣҪ˼УвΪһɼԣ΢ҪѧĻкܶࡣɹٵһȻƺѵ΢΢ĸ֣ԷӦš
˿̣ΧѾΧһȺˣ˿ɹһһ͵֣Щ¾˹ǰ˺͵λ˵ҲӦõġ΢Ҳ֪ʲôˣǵԺƷ٣õĺܶǴġ
ˣɷǶѧֹģһЩСֵһᡣô˵ȴǼΪá
ʱһͻȻ˵΢ɱЩħõľǺֵҿӦýǼŵ׳ԺɴƣȻɵ飬λɹϰŶ԰
´˵΢Ϊɳ֮٣ȻҪɳΪأΪ˴룬Ǽŵ׳ɡ˵ϷŰ
һ⻰Χ˶ǰѾԵ۸ˣϽ˭Ը⣿Ҫ֪һЩǶǶžѧƾʲôҪϽȥѾǵ˾ڹ⼤ŭ΢΢һŭ֮ʲôǵľٶ;Σ
˿̣˶΢Ӧԡ
漸ɹ٣ΪǹλҪߣײϹǴǽ̧ͷ
ȻҲ˰ʵ̫񻰣ѹ¹٣ʵ˲ݣ˭Ҵ򱧲ƽ
һƷɹ٣Ʒɹ٣˸߼֮⣬ΪӴȻ˾õСȴ˵
ԶҦʥȻҲһĻ̾Ҫȥס
ͷһʥ
ʥǰ̫
԰꣬ȿ΢ô˵ʱ˭治ڳȥûáʥֵε̫óǽ΢ĸˡôɱһǧ˰٣ǵΪΪΪΪɳϲ㶼ϹӣңҲ̫С΢ˣ΢ɲǺ޸ôħ˾ġ
ҦʥһҲ侲ʥ˵˼
ǰˣ΢鴦ʲôڵİӣĵˣǲѹƣѹԷĵĺ;Ժλѹס
ԣǲŻֳϣݵ΢Ҫ΢׶ɱ֪һ΢˱ŭ˳嶯飬ǾǶϹٲǰ;٣΢һζãԺ˭ɳϲ֪Ҳʧº𷣵ˣҲԲ΢
벻֪ϸһĥ֪һеĴԷϼ޻֮֮˷ָ
ھͿ΢Ӧˡ
ʱ΢ɣɵ˰һ飬Ȼһ仰˶סˡ
òҪ
ĸ֣ͬף˶ĿɿڴҲû뵽΢Ȼͷһ仰㱬ˡ
ָűǣ֮󣬵ǿϲ˲ȳ΢ôĵӣȻϹ٣֪㷸˴
ǱҲǱ΢ĸ̣Ʒɹ٣Ϊͷһα󵨣ʵǷ㾹Ȼǣ
ɺ͸߼Ҳǽǳ⣬ùǺǶϺ͵һһ˿óѡ
ʱ΢ȴһȻλ˺γԣĳʲôʱˣ
㻹ҽƱ磬ո˵ʲôˣ˵òҪѵ˵ģЦ΢΢Ǻ£ԣʥԣָ֮գ˵˭ֻλ˶Ժѣ˵ԼҲãոΪȷǸ


ʮ ɸһս
һ΢⻰ҲǲһЦ΢ƤӵֻǽƱ磬ϲ̨棬ҦʥʥҲҡͷ³ˡ
ʱ΢һתλˣˣɷѿģǽҿñӣ׳ҪѹˣҪ΢ǵĵǣ΢ǣǾϹ٣λٿ΢˻˵ĵˣҲˣܴ˴˭˭Ȼ˺ɴˣ΢Ϊɳɱշ壬ǶԣǴΪˣħ֮ƽԪ´ħɱħͻϮҴԪ֮£ʶλ˴ҴȥΪֻħɱȴ΢ɱȥѵλΪЩħޱƽΪ壬Ϊɳ֪ΪΪ֮ðɱУ£δ֮УçײᣬҲɼΣλ£ʵ΢ʧ
˵ɵѾǵ۾һŭΧɹҲͷ񫡣΢ȻϬԴǷѵˡ
΢ʣ˾˵һӡ΢ĽѾãֻѿ䷨֪˿ɷΪɳΪ˴壬Ϊ²ŵ׳ˣɴˣɱޣлħҲһóǶλ΢Ҳ򣬾ͱôѹңνʩˡ
΢һ䡮ʩˡڳɶأһɴ۾Ʒζ仰
仰˵̫ˣʩˣ仰ؽǧţ΢˵еҲûнԼľѧ׳ȥȴҪ΢ôôѹˣȷǲԡж뵽Ĳ˵ͳһ仰ǾѾʼ΢
΢ո֤ҲС˺ɴȻǿԽѵңϾλǰɶλҲ֤Īûֻǽջ󻰣ǽ̲˵ģֻ˵Ļз˲Żλ̹λΪȻѹ΢һͷѵң΢Ҳ޻˵λƷԣ΢ҹ֪ͬ˶΢΢ʣ֮ҩɽѺϹ֮ӹħ޻ƽԪͼ߸ҩɽº󱻻ƽԪɱ˾֪֮£ӦȥħͷƽԪ𣬲Ǩŭ΢ˡ΢־Ҳ֪ʿɱĵ΢ҶԴ˲΢ҲҪΪԼһˣɸ΢ԼŶۣ΢һʿɱ̬ǺȻȻ˹
֣֣ǵȷЩˣ˶ܿó΢Ӧðһɹ̲ס˵ɹٵλͣҲƷɹ١
ǰ̵޿ɺǣǽⷢӾʧˡһɹҲ˵
˴ͷһ΢˵ɹپ͸ˡ
˿̣ɫΪѿû뵽΢Ȼɣƾһ죬ͽת
һɣ΢ĪҪƱ磬֮ǰϹٿۿ׶ûƤ񣬴˿̳΢˵ץסԷ֮ǰһš
΢̾˿ˣҪԺ΢Ҳû취Ǿ仰治ǳɴ˻ɴ˵ģҲԽⷢӣ¹ٶһϹٵ΢΢ᣬҲգǿʶҲգ˵㣬㻹û˵ܲ΢ս
ɳɹٿԼдͳģ΢϶Ӧʱ䣬Ҳܴ֤ˣ޳ɺϵɣ˵ǰ벽ˣ΢Լɱ졣
΢˿ΪԶȴһǰõҲԥ
Զɣڲ²΢«ʲôҩ
΢ˣͱ֮ƣĪ˲ң
һ仰˵˽Ծǳս֮ǰǵѹˣ˿̣΢ȻƸ֮ƣѹ˵
΢˲ãһɹֻһˣֻһƷɹ٣Ʒɹ٣벽˵ĵ΢ȻѹԷһȻõҡԥ
ε̾ͷӦҪˣʱһԲԼ˵սκγɣĵľͻᶯҡ˵ֱһѡ
ǱһֻϸסһƿЦ


ʮ 
ٲԥ΢Լѡ·꣬ܺϵɣϵҲҵĶ֣ɣñ֮ҪҲҡȷıϧ㶯ҡҵĵġҵ㣬ҽսţǶݣ
һ˲䣬̩ɽǱո΢鲻ηײĲҲƽϢ΢ϧոԼһǰ֮ҪĵģֻڶԷһѺҲС
Ȼʧˡ
΢սȻɱҲǲôͬ˵˷ܵ˵裬λ켣ɳٳΣⶼ΢Ҫߵһ
ңѹҲԴʹ΢Ϊ
һ־磬Ȼַʽ΢˷ѹֵļΪǿӲˣã߳ŭΨΨŵŵԼķʽڷ˵΢ôһŪõɵ޹⡣
ǱҲһƵĿ΢ʱ򣬱ٻԵŹսҾҪԴô
΢Ц棺ʱ΢١
˼ɣ˭˭
ﲢ޲˶ó΢⼸Ϲԣһ㶼ûԿ̶̼ν棬ڳɿ΢ֶΡ
ĵˣССѾϰƷɹְλȻͬ졣
ɡ߼˶΢һȻûռϷ磬Ҳѵһ澰ΧۣǱߵȻ΢ռͷʱƺĳ˵Ĵʾ΢˵ҪǷٷд£
ΧڶɱΪûʲôֿɿˣû뵽һδƽһɾȻڵİӡ
Ҫ֪ͥϣ˾Ⱥʥ΢ħ˾ɹٵ붽Ժʱ˶ó˶ڵİɣ΢˿϶Ϊ˲ⰸӶȥġ
ֻǲ²⣬ϾԼٲܲʲôʱἰ£ӣⷢӡ
ֻߣ飬Ҫ̽ʲô
Ϳ΢ôشˣǷϣºٲ飬вһ˲ݣǳϣǵʱ鲻ʲôҲȡ衣
Ϊ΢ԥôشʱ΢ȴʮʹĵͷˣǣ´ˣ¹ٵȷҪΪ˷
Ц֮ǰҲǶԺİӣԼɱʮһɹ٣㷭ʲôĪ֮ǰ󰸵ĶǷͰô򵥣֤ɽİӶһͱ˵ļơ
΢ǺɫΪѲ٣Ƿְɵδ壬ȻҪˮʯϾʥҲдʱ򣬼˷˰Ҳ˾£ȥ׷ɵ㣬˴Ǵǣ΢鰸޲ס
΢ǿʶ˶ô£õòԾҪƷɳɷкϿԣһͥ顣λˣλʥҲ΢ǲǺһߣ˵
£߼ͷµȷЩˣ΢ҿΪǷ˽ŲҪ˾ѾǺ޹ԣ֧´ˣԺɵ
ƺԼһ㣬мɹ΢
ǱҦʥҲʵ̲סɵ㣬ȻҪģҲ˵Ϊ΢ڵ;˽
ҦʥԲӣ΢Σڶжģ΢˽ҲпܣⰸӱͲףҽ΢ӰɣѲٲҲǿԵģһǽԴϲһɹʱ˵ƹʣʵϻɵ˵
ѾǸǹ۶İӣ˭ȥ
һڳҲǷֳӪ֧ɣ֧΢Ҳ˱
ʥԺȻλʥ̬ȺҪʱ򣬵ͻȻ֪ʥο£ţ΢ĺ֪˽΢Ϊˣ᲻˽Ļġ
˵꣬˶Ȼڳ֮˶֪ʥ˭ʥԺ½Ůʥ˫ѧߣѾԽʥ֮⣬˫ٶҲǷ˼֤ɣȻֱӽʥԺξƷĹ٣ʥɾƷɹ١
˼
Ҳ֪˫˽ʱ΢ʶǺ֪˫ٻ΢йأԲ΢ҲǰƷɹ٣Ӱ쵽ʥԺ
ʱɺɵ˶һ㶣׵Ҫʲô˫ۣǲǰ˶Է΢˵
˶˫˫Ļȴ˴һͼü΢壬Ƭ̵Ҳ΢Ӧñӣ˰飬ҲӦ΢ȥ飬¡´ռ


ʮ ³
Ȼ
Ȼ˭û뵽˫Ȼֹؼʱ̲΢һһʥԺǣ΢ѣǺ֪ôһ˵˶Ϊ΢Ϊ˱Ϊ˽ڷ
˫˵꣬ȴǱܿ΢ͶĿ⣬°֮£ָۣ΢΢ѾǱȴ
΢ˣʥѣȥΪǲǸ÷ʡĪڻû˽˿̵Ȼ˫һ仰΢Ĵ
΢ûм˵ǿһ˫ԷɫĿ⿴һԡ΢֪ԷԲԼĿ⣬ʼգûлһۡ
Ļ΢΢أλ˾࣬ȥҶԺ˾ˣɼ˾΢ǻ飬޹صֻΪ壬˵˽Ҳã˵Ҳգ͵΢һкˡλ˷ɵ᱾Ӧ۷ĲɣȴΪ΢λ˵ˣ΢Ͳﰭˣ͸ǡ
˵꣬΢ҦʥʥͷȻתߡ
ߣڤ粻飬֪ڸģһ䣬΢û취Էħ˾Ĺ٣˫һȻߴȫʤѾˣ飬ƶԺ΢
͸߼Ȼһ뷨Ǹ΢ĹǺʱҲ֣ӿԴǲҶȻ飬Сӹɳ
һߣҦʥʥΪҪôѵ֪һ΢Ӱ켫󣿡
ʥҲûףҲһֱΪ˫֧΢ģ˵һ΢֤ģҲǵһͨģΪڻᱳѣ
ɵϷܿʹˣ΢ԣ˰Ҳ˳Ц΢޴
˿ɲѰɹ٣ֻһӣ΢ȻƸۣԼһΣı㣬ôĻŷѣ
󣬽εͻͷڶͥϿ϶ж΢顣鷳ǣ΢ѹûпԺ͵˰μͥʸûУ֮⣬ΪһѾİӷźܶҲ֧
ԺǱ΢֪˾Ϊ˵˻ͬԼ룬ʵϵ붽Ժ˾ѹûмԼξٺɽˡ
΢֪˾һɹ٣΢֪ԼξٺɽĲ鰸ǵõ˾ȵĬ°ڵ̨ϣ˾Ҳ϶֧Լ
ԭܼ򵥣û֤ݣһζڵ˾׶ģôԼԼ
ڵ½ʥ˫ķ꣬ܶ˶ÿ϶صĴ΢ʵϣ΢ȷ൱⣬Ҫ˵㲻ϡ
΢ûô
ûм˫ôʱ䣬ܶ˶䣬˫ת˼䣬ֱ仯͸ˡ
ȻҪ֪ô£ʱһͺá
ڣ΢Ҫץʱ飬ǲͻȻѣǶȻԼڵİӣ˵ԼгԹ
Ƕǣ΢ôⰸ֣Ҫ֮ǰⰸӸ㶨
ħǱôʱ䣬ӦûϢ
뿪ɵᣬ΢ֱӽ˽磬Ȼװ磬һС
ħǱϢԼͷ΢ˣħڲ鱨Ҳһºͨ鲼ħɳϸϢݳ
СһƬߣﳣз磬·̶Ӻ߶ñɴ赲ɳһ򵥵һ֮أľľΣһϺĹŮΪƣæǰæ
΢֮ڿߵϣһƣ⣬һصζơ
Ҳʳȣ΢ѣЩ֮ﲻ죬ǳԵú㡣
һмֳֵȾƣֹһһŵӵ˽
߽֮󻷹һܣ΢ߣȻ˹
ζǮһ΢ʱʵ
˵Ǯ
һ΢һöͭǮ˶ԷһΣȻ˳ȥ
ſĽɫΣ΢֪Ŷ
оһ΢ת
磬˶Ȼһ֣ȥһƱΣ
ãǣһƱ
Ϳ΢ܴ˿ҲǸ˳ȥƽǿƱ·ֹ̼ζ΢˸ųС򣬵һ֮ȥ֣ȴǰһֻоһۣǸоһתڵأڰ֮ǰͷɻĿǰ棬ȻվźüûԴˣе죬Ҫ룬ȴʲô֪ˡ
ɱ˶΢˵̫ˣ⼸ɱ̫أÿһ϶΢ɱǣҲΪˡ
ʱ΢˺йĹĵΣ¶һϸһ΢Цˡ
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ʮ 
ɸ߼Ҳڣ֮⣬еļĸ
һͱµͤɳأˮˮнϷУͤ;ƷƣʵȤ¡
ˣ΢Ȼʵǲ֪ôд֮ڣʱ򲻸Ӧսʱ˵ȻΪ֪ϵҲаˣɽ֣ǷֻȻʧܣˣһո֤սġ
˶΢ˡ
ҡͷɣ㻹Ҫ΢ܲ򵥣㵱Ϊ֪еôһΪʱ䣬Ϊ̧ԼΪԱҺĳԹܵȵ֮˽ᣬڼԸ˻ô˵˵ϷֻĵֶζԸֻһ΢ĵ֤ͬȷʾޣﲻϵ̶ȣΪҲͻͽԼһֱ޲ߣǲ֪ʱƸۣһǰƳϷģȻʧܣʱϷгɣȻԼΪʱʱ䣬Ϊǻ᲻ˣ΢һ˵ʱпóѡڣ΢ʱΪңǱɡ
Ž̻壬ȻЩҲûбֳǵͷ˽ѵǣ¶ȻΪ䡣У΢Ҫڵİӣ£Щΰ
⻰һԸ߼м´ˣ㵨Ҳ̫СˣĪΪ΢ܷ˰ڻܻħ˾ɣˣԼϣ֤ȷ䣬΢ôѰ·˵󣬾ΪڰССİƷѲɣ١ʱûйλ㶯ָҪ
ߴ˵ûڵİ֤ȷ䣬΢ôҲ޼£ճᣬͽⷢӣժ΢Ĺλ˵꣬һЩʳʳ
ˣʥԺ˫Ϊλ˵ҿ˵΢ϵõúܰ߼ʱ뵽һ£ѯʡ
¸Ҳ޷˫תЦ
ǡˣֲãֲãλ˵ūλˣҵʦ˭Ȥˣ΢Լĺ֪ѣʮĲŶԣˣܽŮʥŪ֣϶ԸӴ΢߼û˵꣬ͼæ֣ҪᣬʦūȾָģСˡ
߼һҲǼæס죬Ȼк̨ɽˣλˣǾ˶ס
ˣͿճᣬ΢ˡ

ɹ٣Ҫ̤ɽҲǲģ΢Ҫȥһ£ҵ
΢Ҫȥ죬ֱҡͷܵܣҲ㣬֪ɽ죬һһϣѰˣ㣬ֻܽ볤죬ϾͲף˵֮磬ɷ磬Խ֮£ɣҪ죬˻߽һɷſɡ
΢ЦЦ֪Ҳҽ㣬һЩ£Ҫȥҹ麣ˣҪ
Ǹӣѩһ¾Ͳµˡ
΢ͷҡͷ£㻹˵˵㣬֪ڱ˶ô˵㣿˵Ա˳ŵûԼˣΪλŲţΪ£㻹͵ǳͻʵǵ죬ĸ˵ڲˡ
Ҳǻн㻤ôҴѾüĿҪȼ麣ˡ΢Ǽ֣ŪЦã㰡㣬ҲĸߵŮ٣ֻĸ谮ܻ㣬Ҫ֪ĸ޵ľˣɲܴҵͷȥȥ۸ˡȻҪ麣ˣҲǲԣ죬ûһǲܽģҿ԰㴫ţҪ˵ʲôдһתˣ
΢һҲУױдһţȻ󽻸
ңȥȥͻأ룬ԸŮɹԼ̷š
ŮɹٿȥͶ󣬶ţȻҲ֪΢
ִˣ㲻Ҫ㲻ȥʵ̫£ɷ磬չ⣬Ƿ紵ϣҲ飬չ⣬ϣ̻ڣлɷƽҲǶĸɹУҳȥġһģεŮɹٵ
һŮٵǰ˵麣ƢܹŹ֣һӲˣϴĸҲִˣ϶벻


ʮ ټ
Ůһһߴߴͬȵڶ߽һ΢ģ϶ù麣ˣΪ΢һž
ٴ飬Ҳǽ·͸΢һɷȥѡ
΢ûǾŮٺȤɳٳʮָӣˮÿ£Ů΢־ΥĸоϲָоŮ٣Ҳֻĸһɲܱӻס
΢˼룬Ůߴߴ˵ʱͻȻһɼΪǿϢ٣ǰһ⣬ˡ
һˣһѾǿһЦ΢˹
΢һˣȻ۾һʪһ̣ԷѾ˵΢
磬㣬ôʱôû˿̣΢ȥޣҩ鰢
һδҩɽֱҲʱˣûκα仯ǸֺĿɰӣģҩɽľ΢ա
Ҳ㣬ⲻˡ΢ͷҲӿһů⣬겻ȻûҪ˵˭ԼֺޱκͺãҲֻаˡ
Ͱ˵仰΢վŵĹ麣ˣȴǰŮһ麣ˣǾĿɿڴ
ҿˣ΢˵̾㣡麣˵һ仰ͽ˸סˡ
ˣ֪ǺãӦΪǿңǻ΢ǰµУ麣үүҪ˴磬ôġ
˵֮䣬ϾȻǵһǿ΢һҲĿɿڴ麣˹Ȼʱ䣬ȻѾһΪ
Ȼƽ麣˶԰ǳţȻҲô󵨣ι麣ȴûж˵˸
ʩȻͬ졣
ɲ֮䣬Χһжƺ΢͹麣֮⣬Ķһ
΢۽Ҳǽȣϳǡɲ֮΢ĿɿڴҪ֪ɲ֮ǡֶΡҲ˵ֻй˲ʩչɲ֮Ϊι麣ʩչ
ƺ΢ɻ󣬹麣˵꣬ҲΪ٣Ѷʮ޳ɹɣû޹֮ˣ΢ʲô˵ɣ
΢û뵽麣˾ȻҲ޹Էְ飬΢û˵Ȼܷ˶򵥡
뵽ε£΢麣ˣڴ˵ɱʮһλɹ֮£΢Ѿ鵽֤࣬˽
麣û˵ʾ΢˵
΢һ΢ԣڴ֮ԳУֻΪȫΪ꣬˵ڵʮһɹ٣ѾħҴ㰵жɳڴ˲ǵͼųأǾɱΪ漰˵ӣڴ˽أֻ˵ʮһλɹħΪ¿Թȥ˭£֤ݣڴΣԼֻΪȫ˵
˵꣬΢ӻȡһżֵ֤ǵ˵ױддħڵһλϣǻᵽ֮ʮɹٵλǵҪ飬ħڵĳȡħƵħ֣Ҫȥ͵ϮһλɳˣҪλħϣּϢ٣˹Ŀ
΢һŵ˹ȥ
麣üͷһһ̲꣬һԣȿɫȻǴһ˿Ī˸С
΢Ҳߴ٣ֻһ԰ȴȴ֪ɲ֮ʱƣǹ麣ֶΣҲά̫á
Ȼ˺̧ܿͷ΢һɼΪֲƣ΢ͷһȴǰ
΢㣬ЩǴӺδģ麣˳ʵ
΢֪麣ڻЩһ˵ԣǻɱ֮΢Ȼҹ麣ˣȻʲôǽȥˣǵ΢ħԵһ꣬˷ħ˾ɸħڶϸԣǾҵ΢ħϸΨ΢֮Ǵӡ
麣һ۾һ˵ͷǴģһȣֱֵһᡣ
л˿佱΢˳˵ƨҲûʲô
ںͿȴ治֮£ôӣңʲôάģԾǶԣǴԼһοࡣ麣̾һ΢ʵȻ֤Ϊβֱȥڷңѵɱڣ֤ݣ
΢ͷҪάˣֱСˣ
ãеıգɽ죬μͥᣬȻ󽫴µ˵ڷ麣˽Ż΢Ȼ˺һʧ١
ɲ֮Ҳ⿪ˡ
ף麣үүأʱ򻹵΢ǰ΢һֺֺЦȥԴϵ麣үүˣ겻ôһӶû
ֱʱ΢һʯͷ˵أ麣ˣǼٵģŻλɽæһ͵Ǽĸܣ¹麣˽Ҳһ¡
ڹ麣˹ֵΣҲ΢˽һʹӹ麣ϣ֪Ʒˡ


ʮ ΢ϳ
ɽ죬ͥᡣ
ĺ磬ΪգҪ׼΢˽ȥɹ֮λ
Ͼɵϵ飬Ѿ֪΢Լ׿ڳΪڷıĵ϶ܷŹᡣں΢ԼΣǷҪȵŶ֣ɵɵӣֻҪл֣۱ԡ
ˣĺ簡һɹٿѾվ֮ͥϣЦŴк
ˣҲ簡ΪоҪ˶ãܷඡҲЦŻӦ
أҲֻʣԪϣлʧܣҲƽԪʱ˿Ҫߴͽ̣һЩľҡ
Ȼˣ˵Ժ΢˽ȻҪѾڷգҪһ˿Ҫְ֧
ˣΪɹ٣˽ǴȻɹϢ
Ǿˡ

ƵĽ̸Ǳ߸߼ҲڽУ˵׼֣Բһγ⡣
ʱƣǰϳɹѾ˲٣ƽҲû٣ҪǣһûʥͷƺҲûѾƶ˷ȻԽ΢
˵Ȼɣ˵ʵ΢ڷĵģȻ֪Էܷɹ¶һһڻħ˾ɵΣ֮һЩ飬Ҫ¶ڡ
ԼԼ֪Ȼħ˾飬Щɱͷˣų켺ֻСƣҪǣΪһУ׷ħ޵ʱ˼ƣħ˾ʧǧ䲻˵˼ɹ١
ʱӦǰԮȴС檹뷿Ⱦ˴¡ȻºѹȥΪΣڻ¾԰סһͱֻ·һ
һֱ·΢ͳбҪһˡ
ѾˣֻҪ˳΢Ĺλ϶ǱסˣȹһɷͷʱԼ˻Զ֣Ҫ΢ɱ󻼡
㣬ʱ߽һɹ٣ʶȥĿɿڴһš
ܿ죬вɹٶˣʶ˵ĺһģʶģֻǾôûм
Ҫ֪ܲμͥɹٶģǰʮ˻ʣǼλ޲ףҲʶȥ͵ɹȴûм
˭
˿ʼˣ֪Ȼǲ֪֪ˣҪôǺۣҪôһŹ֡
ʱɷӦǰһסԷʣ΢ôĵӣͥᣬֻһְɹٻϵɹٲʸμӣʲô
һʣ˶֪ɹǺˡ
֮ͥڶɹ뿴ˣĵ˾΢Ǹĵ֤ͬˣ
òãü֮д
ֻܲμͥɹ٣ĸ˰ϣǧɣʲôûʲôûĵ֤ͬȻǧҲδǹھֻǸ߿һ΢ˡҪ֪ɳ꼻һ֣ߵУҪߵϵһҲûá
΢΢Уˮ߼۽ɨ΢һۣмɸ죬Ժ˾ȻҲû뵽΢ͥϣͶȥĿ⣬΢
ʣ΢÷ϻֱӵ´ˣͥؽû¹٣˵¹ʸμһγᣬ´˵ķӦҲδ̫ˡ
΢⻰˵ĺܲˣҲʲôëҪʣҲֲɣͥؽȻ΢ܽ˵û⡣
ɱ΢ĻҭסҲ֪ô𣬵ȷħ˾ٵݣµȷ޹ء
һӣصԼλã΢վλãûӣĹλ̫ͣ٣μγҲǹ麣˽ͥؽȻȷûʸǰ
һСҲûķ粨Ȼɲ죬󲿷˶ûн·ϡ
żҲһЩͨɹٻ׼μһͥᣬֻΪһЩҪʻ鲢ټеɹٻΪεҪԸ΢ֱӽʱʡ
ʱǰλãǿϢ£һæ
ӭ˽٣
ʮ볯ˣһĸҲǲˡʱвɹٷ֣ѾٲμӳĹ麣ˣȻҲˡ
ʥԺʥ麣ˣ΢΢һ㶣Ȼֿվ΢ĥһ£Ͼӿһ˿ζЦݣڴ


ʮ ʼ
ʥЦʲôʥԱһɹٿϵЦݣһС
Ԫ֣һкϷˡʥһĪ⣬ŪԱɹҲǺ
ʱǰĴ˻ʺãһ˲ŵճᣬλɹٿ飿
ʱĥ΢Ϊμͥᣬ벻ͨԭ򣬶΢ѾԽԽ˳ۣ飬ݲ΢ΣѾãǽὫ΢λߣУҲڶԺȥãǽԷԼӰ˾ʱҼڹԶ΢;
뵽ɨһһɹ٣Էˣ󡯡
ɹٵָǰһ¹棬ԺƷѲ΢˽֤ɽԶٰ֮ڮ̽飬ͼҪȴǺ֤ݣʵ˽֮١ɵ֮ϣ΢׿ڳϣΪǷжԲŻ淸ٷ¹Ϊ΢ΪѲ٣Ϊһ֮˽ϹзǶϹٲҲǶɳɷĲ¹ٿ룬΢ְ죬ɳɷ֮
˵꣬ԷɾͰͲס߳Լǣ΢ȻϹٲɹϢ¹ٸ顣
ܿ죬ٵ͸߼һϵɹٶ飬һ˲䣬΢˷˼֮ϣһĻɹٿҲǾľƣƬ֮ͿԾһλƷɹٵĹλ͸߼һϵڶ࣬ԺҪ飬һ棬赲
еɹٿһĻȴŭɫĵЩ̫񣬽ᵳ˽Ѿɲɳ֮
ֻǡɵۡ͡λɺɹٶòᣬʱ䳤ˣͥѾЩ
ҲҶ˵Ϊ͸߼ˣ߼оѾ֪λԣǿߣҲĪܣһ²һ°ɡ
˶վ΢΢Ĳʱ򣬻ǣʱѾŵ亹ֱˣ΢ӦҲһ
һ̣ͥϰޱȣţ棬ʮɹһͬ飬Ҳ˵ֻҪ˵ͷ¾ͻִУ˲ֻ̬Ҫû˷ԣ߷ԵôҲִСͥȨɳԱ⣬֮ڣκ飬ͥɹνȨ࣬Ϊˣܲμͥɹ٣ɳ
һûǰ飬ڳϵľѾ㹻ˣԣٳҲ١
ʱ򣬾˿ˡ
¼ȻλˣǶԺ˵˵ɣǶԺδ
˿ڣ˾ȻװͿΪԺ٣β֪΢ξٺɽͶһֱڲǼӡⰸӣ˾Ҳٲ飬֮Ϊ˵ȷΪһ֮˽ɱˣټ΢ɰҲɵ΢ȥڡ
ڣԲ̬ܲˣҪ΢˾Ѿˣٽ΢ǵ붽ԺǶԷĹλҪסġ
˾ȾҪڡ
ʱͻȻһ𣺡֣λͬţҽ΢ˣɱʮһɹ֮°λɡ
һͷһ
°飿
ʲô˼
˵һˣ麣ˣһȻǴ˵˿ӪƣҪҪҪ̳ʹ΢麣һ仰ͱ˰
һʱɹɫ죬Ǻޱȡ
ʥкϷʥԱԪС˵һϷӡ
麣˵ȻҴʱȻҲΪ죬ǹ麣ְŵģǾ΢ô˵
΢ڣ
¹ڣ
΢ɫ̩Ȼšһܣ΢ߵǰȻˣλϹ٣΢Ѳɱɹ֮࣬˷ΪλˡϹٽ⡣
ʱǱߵࣿĪʮһλɹٲɱ΢ҵҪʲôࡣ
û΢˵Ȼƭˣҳ٣ɴ˿Ѿǽ΢֮ǣʱҲǳԿŵ
΢˿Ϊ޾ɫλĪħ˾ʮһλɹ٣ȷɱ
Ȼɱģ˸ʲô̼
΢ɨһۣЦλϹ٣ֻڴɱʮһλɹ٣ӦΪڴ˲ɱΪβԭ򣿡


ʮһ 
ɹһҲǵ˵ͷȷڳɱʮһλɹ٣Ϊɱˣȴû˵ϴβִٶȷǷ׵
ʲôԭ򣬿϶Ϊʲô˵飬±֪Բɱڣɱ˾ɱˣ׷Ըк壿Ц˵
´ˣˣ΢˵Ȼ壬ΪǣʮһλɹħħޣͼıҪıɳˣڴ֪˲֣ʮһλħɹپɱ㣬һħ֮У
ֱǺ˵˵֤أɣֵ΢˵˵Ҳݸ壬ʮһλɹħħޣҪıˣΪβ˵ʵ飿꣬˵ʮһλɹǱħ·λ˵ģڷˣԼˣҪѰɣ
ûע⵽΢˵ղǷʱ򣬵Լɹٶɫһ֤һȻ
Ȼ΢˵ģôΪôѾǲ¸˾Ųʮˡ
΢˿Ҳ̾˿¶֮ɫ´˵û˵ȷԸ뽫¶
ЦΪʲôôʲôôЦԷֻо΢ں˵˵
һ̣Ҳҡͷɴ˼㣬˵ˣܲ²ڵͼɣ֮΢ֱǲ̫ࡣ
ͻȻ˿ˣӦΪ˹麣֣鱩¶Թ麣ֵӰ죬˵ӣȻħʮħɹһıǴĳţԣڲŽԸԼҲԸ۹麣֡
⡭һˣʱҲӦˣһ΢Ī˵ģ
˿̣˼΢Ȼô˵ǱȻ֤ݣ¹ϵش󣬱뵱֤ݣóɡ
΢ȻΪλǽżȡɹٴһ£֤ȷˡ
Уۣһ仰û˵
ı㣬ѾһЩ̾˿Ȼջ𣬱Գý콫΢£󻼣ΪԼĶӱ𣬿ڿǲˡ
΢ó֤ݣѾ֤΢ȷڷ˰Ҫǣ£ǾҲת֧΢ת򣬸߼ʣҲ˵
Ϊξ˻ô
̫ˣΪѾԴ麣ˡ
֮䣬ȨҲǺģ𿴾˺͹麣˱ϿȥһֻͣҪлᣬԷͻԥ֣ҾĴ
ȻֻҪ֤麣˵ħΪ˹麣˲űô¹麣˲֪飬ҲƱػܵӰ졣
ɳ˵ҲǺҪģܽ麣ȨһЩǾ˾׬ˡ
Բº̵תǹͷȻ֧΢
֮ǰ΢ĹͶԺ
ͥϵɹûһɵӣȻǿͷһҪһҪһ
һ¸ɹٸ࣬߼˵ǵһġ
΢˷˰֤࣬ȷ䣬¹ΪӦ˰ڴ˱ҲӦõһʱ貹ʮһɹ٣Ӧջ£ôҶ֪Ρ߼⻰ȥоݣȴҲԣǾǽòڣʮһɹɨأȻûἰ麣ˣһ˭ã麣Ҳӡ
޹ȴһ麣˵Ҫɨˡ
漰һ㼶Ĳģǳƻ𣬲ˡ΢Ҳ뵽ЩؼҲЩ̣ˣҲֻ˲ܾڣҪǣ΢Ϊ֪Ӱ쵽麣ˣԲŻһʱȥԵɣȻ麣ͬԼ˵麣ӣ̹ޱȡ
ʱ򣬹麣˳£ҶҵΪ΢ѹֲ̽˰ԲҲװ׶֣ңڳʽȥִˡһְµĹ΢ҲӦܵνڣԩܷħ˾һְΣһɡ
麣󣬵ȴһӹɵİ棬⻰Ȼ˵Ҫһ飬ʵϣѾǾˡ
麣̹õβƳȥȻΣʹȥɳ֮٣Ǵֱʣ֮ǰҪ£һǼν΢һڹٸԭְ


ʮ еʧ
⣬һʽףҹ麣˶ô˵ˣ˭ҷԣ
ǾҲеζ˵ֱһ㣬麣˵˼Σӿˣ˴ǹٲ֮ǰµøҰԸ
Ȼף˵ù麣뿪ǿǴ£һͥɳȨƸʢ
ԣ麣˵˼ðˡ
ÿÿһ£麣֣㶼֪飬ʲôϵûҪǹٰɣ
麣ҡͷѾǲˣĺΰҲȻ𣬾ֲҪˡ
һҲûٶϻǵͷǣɣ΢ưйһҪνǶԺˣ£˾ٰɣɲܿǵĹ£λͬſ飿
Ȼѯʣ˶ͷ飬˭ҳ
ǵһǧһԸʱҲֻͷˡھҪù麣뿪ɳȨģȻʲô¶ܴӦԼȻɽ󣬿ʱ򲻿ܺԡ
ңշѾ⣬Լ΢îˣ
û˷ԣ¾Ͷˡ
֮ǵڶ£ڹٸԭְ飬´ȻҪ΢¸ӵĶࡣ
Ϊ΢ֻǽͣڵ飬ħ˾ѾˣڹٸԭְǣҪŲλ
ڶɹʱˢˢɣȴɫҰףҪԣһ˵ʵڲܺ˶Կ
ԣϣڵϣʱܰ˵˵
ֻǵȥʱֻܿ۾վԼһۡ
ϤԸ￩һ£֪ˡ
ڶ£ڼȻһйȻӦùٸԭְ£λͬſ飿ٴʵ
ϴһû˷ԣΪڱûٸԭְҲӦûʲôԣЩɹͶԵ˲һ°ϲɻܵʲôԭѾħ˾ԵλӲ³൱ܵġ
ɫ԰ף֪Լκò׵һ˾٣˵൱ףôǽûлλˡ
УԲУ
߬ȭһݣǰˣԩٸԭְ޲ףֻ¹ΰţʾ£
Ҳħ˾ٿ϶ǵˣԼôҲܸı䣬ûʱȻ²Ϊ֮ǻ翼ǿԼĺ·ô˵Լ֮ǰҲһ˾٣Ʒλħ˾óȥܲʲôŰɣ
鼱֮£Լѯʳڡ
֪һ³ˣһɫһ䣬Ѿǽ޳Լĸˣ㣬Ѿãһ۶סȻԼѯʣûԼﰡ
ɹҲҡͷɴ˾̫ǣô˵ǰҪλ˽
˼˵ǰҹλŪˣ͵øҲһ
ϼ
ֱѰ·Σ£һЩɹѾｫɵ;˾š
ȴ΢΢һЦɣҵԭλĹƷʱˡ
˵꣬ڰ֣˼ǵΪֹ
ɲٶ˵ֻһε˻ȥ
ڴ˰ʱֵȻǴ㵱ͽᡣ
Ǽˡ
΢˿վ󣬸ɹٶͶЦݣ΢ﲢûرˡ
ȻĿ꣬ӷˣڴˣǹ麣Ҳ˶ǹ٣˵еʧ
΢֪ȫ֪һ΢֪ܻܿȻҲпܹ麣˲̴ǹ٣麣ԸˣʲôûҲѣͬ麣˵̴ǹ٣ĻӰĵģʱǴ¡
ǹ٣麣ҲɽܣҾ֮Ȼûйλǵλߡ
ڱˣȻ֪ľɫȻʱ򣬹麣Ѿȥ
ӵöΪоԵ֤Ժ׾ͽ᰸
ڣٸԭְ
΢뿪ɽͬʱϵѾǲ£˶֪µࡣЩ֮ǰЦ΢˽˷ʱ䣬һܷӵˣʱȫưˡ
Ϊ΢һΪܴɵ飬ˣ˶˵˭֪޵ģǵɡ
Ϊ£ȥ֮İһ˸飬ɸ֮󣬾Ȼʧˡ
ˡ


ʮ ȥδ
º֪ħ˾ְڼ˲£̰īʯǽᵳӪ˽˳ԾǣɾȻΪС檺Ⱦƣ˴£ǧħ޼սĽʿڷ
ְ
ΪˣɲŻ·ΪԼҲ֪ħ˾٣»ס˹٣Ǿڸǲסʱһ·Ȼᱻն̨
Ȼȥߣܱס
ֵĺܴɳ˻ɳɱõľĴѲɣԷô˵һĸ֣֮ҪҵȴѶȼ
Щ΢ûвͣصԺʱ򣬳ڹٸԭְϢѾǴ˻ξٺɽͶ鶼ǿϲ΢ǰһ䡣
ֵܣ̫˼ˣȻѾ࣬ô˵ĪǻǸй¶ȥ
ǰô˵һ鰸ǣʵǲӦá
΢֪Ҳҽͣ˵˵ɽõľ¥һɾƣŽѹȥ
ϣξٺɽ΢Ȼ֪΢Ϊʲô˵ʵºΣգһ麣˲౩¶΢ȥ麣˾
ξٺɽͶô룬΢Ҳ˿ýˣȥꡣ
ڹٸԭְ΢Ŀɡϸһ룬֤Ժе֪Ϣ֮󣬾ҪΪڷȻмʱ˸鷳ţ΢ˣ޵Ҳˣֲܵȵ֮ա
Ǹһ䣬˾Ҳרʹ΢ļνζ⡣˾ȵ˼ǽ΢ĹƷȻְλҲ΢ȴЩԥ
ԭܼ򵥣ħ˾ǰɱߵҲһڽ˻ȥȫٸԭְ
Ȼרҹ΢
ʱ΢ҲβѣϾԼĹ麣˴ǹȥȴû˿΢˼
ڼһ䣬ǣлˣ
Ȼֻ֣Ҽ򵥵Ŀ£΢ֵķǰڶԼɴӲ˵ôĴʶ˵ˣ˵ĸмԼһУһ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ڽ΢ƽƽˣҲƽ۽
һͬ˵ǰ΢ֻڵҲֻʶ΢ѣڣ˵ĹϵѾǳѣ֮
Ϊˣڲûķϻ
ڶ䣬ھ͵麣˵飬㲻Ҫ⣬ңƷնħ١
ҲƷλһְλȨҲˣ˾ȸһ΢ȴЩԥ
Ӧǻصħ˾ģԺߴԼҲԺȥδ΢ԥ
˾Ȼڶż΢Ϣ죬ҲǼ죬΢ǲȻ;ڳй䣬չŹţ͵ʥԺ
ʱ΢˫ɵϵľٶ˵˫ʥ΢ûп룬΢ǲʥԺ
ʥԺпŵɱ˿̿΢һϸһϳ΢æ񣺡ִˡ
΢һ㶣ƽԼڳй䣬ɹɱҲв٣ûһôȤ
һʣɱŵ˵ִΪ壬ѹΪڴ˷˵¼Ѿ飬ҲĽִ˵Ϊˡ
΢ŻȻȻһ˵Ҫȥʥɱ̷С
֮΢֪ԼжɣԼ̬ͣ
ȴΪ΢ɵϲηǿȨһĲ࣬κ˵ޱȡ
ִ˿ҦʥģһĹʱʵ
΢治֪˫ģԾ͵βҦʥʥ
ʥɫŹ֣ǵʥںڻͣҴִȥȺȥ
ˣ΢ûж룬Ĺٽ˺ԷһҶȥͨˣֻ΢һˡ
΢Ƭ̣߳ʱպÿǰ˫һǰһ
һӣ˶
Ӧ죬˿ЦһŤͷ˫ղģ⣬бɲ裬ʥ伮ȥǺúõƷ۵
˫°ȹȥˮܽأʤգ˿ûж࿴΢һۣǳŵˣ˫Űݷá
ãҵ㣡һЦҲû΢ﳤȥ
΢һ˫˫˵˵
˫ȴ̧ͷִˣʥæǹ£˵˽£⿪ڰɡ


ʮ ج
΢һ㶣˫̬ȣֱԼϤǸŮˣ뵽֮ǰ飬΢ͻȻоЩɺ
ʱǱ߼Ҵ߹һˣԷɨһۣͻȻ΢˹һ΢΢㣬ߣˡ
΢һԼҦʥ
¾ͱĳʥԺҦʥһɺƪʥģɲ֮䣬֮Իַɳγһ޴ƺףҦʥ΢ȥ̷ɳ۶ȥ
΢ʱŷӦҪ֪ҦʥƽǺôçײϾҦʥʥоֹǵ󷽣ȴǻջһ㡣
Ҧʥʲôˣ΢ҲмȻʥԺҲΣҦʥһ仰΢ͷһ
ʥˣ
΢üͷһ壬Ҫ֪ɽ統У˵ԼǾİֻһҦʥһʥ
Ҫ˵æʥԼĸ࣬΢ʥĹϵ֮ȻʥѴ󣬵ȴ΢ƢͶ˿ʥ£΢ȻǽޱȡҦʥ֪Ҳ٣ʥϵĪ棬ƽﾭ߶ҲǵһϢŶҪϹȥպ΢Ծ΢һȥ
Ҧʥġɺƪٶȼ죬Ƭ̾ͷɵԺ
ʥԺһԺ󣬵ȴǹɫһֳ֮΢Ҧʥżֱﴳŵɱͱ΢һȷ˳ȥ
һĻԺﲻ˶ĿɿڴҦʥҲǵԲ۾Ҫ֪λŵɱɵΪ˵սǿ΢һƾͽһĸȷɣǺεȵΪ
Ҧʥʱ૵ĵˣȻ
ǺˣΪôԺʱһģεŮɵס΢ò˵ŮɵӺܴ΢ʱƲɵʶ㿪ΨŮű
һαΪȷ˹Ŀ࿴
΢Ҳ֪ԼЩżʱҦʥҲ˽ﲻʶ΢˶࣬ʶҦʥ٣Ҧʥ
ɶλ΢ִˣ񣡡ҦʥϵŮɣԷһҲһȣæÿ
ԺУ΢ſǰѾվŲɽܣں˾ҲȻУ΢֪ȷǳ˴¡
ں˾֮⣬ڳɹ٣ǹλһһΪ΢μӹһͥᣬϵòɹ١˳ԾǣЩɹ٣Ʒλ˵ޱȣˣǴ˿ҲǺ⡣
ɳ߹ٶ棬֪˿ʲôˡ
ҦʥҲֻ֪֪ʥ£һʣ΢֪ôˡ
ǴͥᣬʥûвμӣʵϣʥǰӴԷʹţʹһҼΪ԰Դɳڷ緢󣬸ɳԶ֡
ʥȻһϺˣϵ裬Է˿̣ȻǺǷӼЩһڲ˵ãǽʥǺʥһŭ֮ĶģҲǶ塣
ͶһԲ񶼿ˣԷĶ壬ǱƴգͬʱƴĻзճ̶Ȳڶɱ
ʥ䶷УһУˣʥˣѴ֮ʡ
ԹŶ壬ʤ׷ԷΣϾˣȻǸûģＤʥ䶷壬ʹô
Щ΢ˮʥɳڣڵ˶ܽȥ֪涨ȻһĴڳ
һ췦ȥҲǰ״
ʥ΢˵ж΢Ȼļ٣ֳɹҲкʥϵõģҲĴЩޡ
ɽѾãһɷ֮ɽʤɳƳɳҲܲ磬ֻϵĸ
ƽﻥҲв٣һΣԷʵǹȻǹƽ壬˶ܿԷΪ
ʱ֮߳Ӱһǽҫ΢ˣһȻǹ麣ˣһȻ֤Ժλ޽ˣ֮⣬мˣЩӵһӺݻŮӡ
Ůϵ˻ǿٱ
μĸŮһ̰ݵ΢һҲ֪λ˭ˡ
ɳĸ֮
΢Ҳæݵ񣬶ں棬ȻԼǸɽ˿̬ϣȻ΢Ҳʱ˵ֻܸĸ߳


ʮ ʥԸ
˿ĸһԣڼλ˵Ĵӵ֮£ʧ١
ȻֻƬʱ䣬֮ڳڶɹͷòŰѹסǵвٴδĸĸһߣɹٴҲȥ̽һʥȻҪ뿪ʥûмκˣֻǲ˴лλͬŵĺ⣬ˡ
ȵ󲿷ɹٶȥ֮Ҧʥ̾˿ʥ֪Щ˴Ϊĸ٣ȻǸ̽
˿µģʥֿѣʱ˽ңȥ֮󣬱ʥ
ʥûʲôУ΢ͨһۣһʥͷԪѾʧ٣ɵĻҲƣ޹⣬֪ʥʱ޶ࡣ
ڳɹȻû΢ͨиԵĹ֮Ҳʥʱ޶࣬һʱ䶼ɫȻ
ʥǺһһЦݣǼ΢Ǹˡ
΢˵ˣ˷˰˲ֻϧʱҲڳȻкá
΢óʥĸˣ뵽ʥԼչ˺ͰģҲޱȡ
λĺѣרעΪԺ٣İʮһ꣬Ҳǹˡ˷Ϊִǿʤ˼ı壬ˣֻϧɳ˳Цʵʥ˿̳̾һһҦʥ̵ѣ㲢޹ֻֻǸӾȻڶӮ㣬ʵĪʹթ㣿
ǰ֪ģ֮˭Ӯ㣿ǰͺ¿ȻʹթȥۡһƢɹȴǱʥ¡
ǲδʹթȻĻ죬ȴǹҵȷˣ˾ǰˣȴ˱˵ģһ飬Ϊ٣Ҳǹִ̫šʥֵλһλһ棬мҪиλ
ڳɹٲ࣬ʥĺѣ˿һ֪ʥڽ¡Ҫ֪Ȼֶͨ죬Ҳ𣬾ͬʥֻ֮ˣǿҽεģҲһ֮ģһ飬˭Ȳˡ
Ȼ֮ǰĸԽܾʥˡ
Ҫʲô˵ҵȱʵ֡һɹٳ˵
ʥ˵ͷȻȥԺӵУδһܵΣѾһѡѽд౾ͥϣϣλҵİࡣ
ѡǣҦʥʵ
ʱʥĿһ΢΢
̿΢΢ҲĿɿڴѹû뵽ʥȻҪѡԼԺ٣˵ԺҲֻǰƷλ٣ʸμͥᣬ͸֮Ȩ
𿴶ǰƷǸΪ硣
ʥ⡭΢Ҫ˵ʥϣ΢㲻ҪܾҲ֪Ϊѣ֪ڶԺǻصħ˾㲻Ժܱȼµĺã⣬꣬Ҳֻ΢оֱ⿪ģδ֤ղ͵ǰæЩӣͷշһˡ
΢һ֤ʥ֮⣬Է֪ԼȱľһᣬڶԺǻħ˾ҪҲҪܾãδеٵĿܡڣʥԼȻֻǰƷ٣ɳһĵĹأһΪ٣´ǵҲȻ֮λҲ˵΢ԺλɺٲһΣֻҪԺһʱ䣬õ塣
գ΢ǻһ㣬ϴν⿪оȴƾһļ䣬˵΢ʵϱʥҪ̫ࡣ
ʥҵղԵԺ١΢ʵʵ˵ƿˮε˵Ժ٣ǲЦȻ΢ȷĶְ֪֮ɹλá
ʥȻΪ΢ǫ飬һҦʥҲô룬ڰֵʱϵͱǫˣ⿪оֵʱҲڳĿãңʥԺҲģţȵĵ϶һģʱٻ
ʥһҲǵͷǰϵܣͲҪƴˣɳǷһνȻѣѾźˣͽ˰ɡ
˵꣬ʥϵͻȻҲǱȸղԵо࣬˫Ŀ⣬˿ɫһ䣬Ȼǻعⷵա
ѧ壬ǹ֣ʮ֤İٶ꣬УҲѣϲŭȫλΪУ޺ˣλлˣ˵꣬ʥЦŹһϢȫޡ


ʮ ִԺ
ʥɼš
ȻֻǰƷɹ٣λȻɼ֮ǼΪ¡أ޺ʮ˻Ҳ˻ٵ䡣
Ϊʥİţ΢ΪԺٵǳ˳еǿҷԣֵ֧ĳɹٸࡣΪ֮ǰ΢˴󹦻δֽǹ麣׶ģԼŬ֮£֮ͥ΢ͳΪԺ١
֪µˣп˵Ǽȸпּʣ΢ӾƷɹһ·ǨԺ٣Ҳʱ䡣
ԺֻǰƷٽףƷλ˭ҿ
ܲμͥĹְһЩƷƷɹҲδرȵ΢ֻĽĽҲǿģʥ΢ĹϵȲ˵˵΢˵ȷб£ĵ֤ͬѾǱΪܼ֮ͬ⣬΢Ĳһ鷨һҪԺ٣΢Ҳǲ΢ٵʱͽ⿪ǧо֣о֣˭֪
ܽ⿪о֣΢Ҳûִ֤ԺҲ㹻ˣ˵΢ͽҲ֤ˣʱǾˡ
ԼԼ֪΢ԼȻҲƵ㲻Ǿޣܽ⿪о֣Ϊ֪оֵĽⷨ΢Լ֣ǾԽⲻġ
⵱Ȼ˵΢ѾǵԺ٣Ǿһһ
գ΢ǵһǰԺְ
΢һȥĻɳһλƷɹ٣֮󣬾ͼԺſڣѾվ˲ˣԺ֮ڵɹٺ͵ӡ
΢λ٣ԺǱ鲻һ˿̣⻹¶һȵ΢߽
ݼִˣ
λ񣡡΢Ҳͷһְ֮ʱ˾٣ҲӳȺƼ汸
΢ɹ߸ͥ϶΢Ҳǵϲ뿪
ִˣԺɹ١ӡۺͻĻᣬԺ˹ĿһԺɹǰݹӡ
ˣԺǬ̣Ǻڰӡһɹ˫һǰ
Ͷλˡ΢£֪ɹٶǾƷλֱԺλʹһ᯳ɣһʷ½˵ʥ֮⣬ԺλģȻɹ٣ʿһŽףרŴоԺʿ٣ʮλֻǴӾƷûйְֻɹ١
΢ɽˣʿ
ʿӣ΢Ҳһһʱһף֮ǰԼǸŮɡ
ŮҲʿɶʥĵ֮һ˵ռΪտСС;Ѿ֤ɾŮɡ
ɶ΢æͷȻҲû뵽֮ǰ˾ȻǸ˵еĵ΢Ҹû뵽ǣ΢ȻԺ١
΢ջĿ⣬Ȼλ΢էִԺҪԺչ׳Ժɳ˾еλߣ˶ΪϷˣ֮ʱѣȴǰ̺еķǴ֮һҲԽħսʥ֮Ը΢䲻ţҲԸλһ𣬻Իʹ˵
⻰˵ʮְִǿҵģȴ̬죬еȻĳȣеȴǾ΢Բ΢˵Ҳͷ
ʱͻȻһš
ӷ𣡡
һ뿴棬΢Ҳüͷһ塣
ͼԺ֮⣬һɮ˲̤Ӱɮ˿ȥ겻󣬴һ׻ɮһֳ֣Ժв⣬һǵõķӡ
㣿ɶһӣ۾һɣ𣬻ɱ㾹
ɶһʣ΢Ͳ¸˾Ųʮˣɮ˶ȻǺʥǸ
΢УȻѾ޳ɷ𣬶Ϊֶ΢а˳ɰ֮ڽɱ
ֻǶԷǶӦǶ壬ԣɮ˵նȻտޱȣϾʥ̾硣
վտޱ
΢һǳˣɮ˲ǺöƼʥ壬ڶк֣ܶԷǲǴһʼҪɱʥʥ˶
ʥж΢ֻҪлᣬ΢϶Ϊʥ𣬽ɮɱ
ڿ϶Уɮ˴ĵĹ϶ͼ
ӷʥɣСɮΣСɮʥ壬Ҳʧ˵ʥ˷ǰרΪʥģϣıǸ⡣ɮ˵ƣ˵


ʮ ͺ¿
һ£ǲ֪ɮ˭ģ˿Ҳ֪ˡ
Ҫ֪ʥԺĵλߣ֤֮󣬾Ժ˵Ѿٶ꣬Ժ£Ǹʥ濴
֪֪ǺʥǸ޹˶ŭĿ
㣬һﾹȻԺ
ʲôߣʥҪ
жѾʥʲô
˰Ͳס׷׳ԣ񷨣˵ơڳ֮ˣ˵û֤ɵģҲǶˣ֪ǻк޲ó⣬Ҳʧǡ
ֻ΢ûɮˣҪԷʲô
գʥԸСɮҲδʥҶ䲻ȶҲУʥ֪ܲСɮʤһУʥҲֻˣӦɣ˵ʥɿСɮйأλĪִˡɮһЦ⣬֮ʥ֮޹ء
ɮ¿һֵۣСɮɳ֮壬ֻǴ˷ǰȴ˴ʧʥСɮ壬СɮӮˣ˵ʥϧֵܹСɮͷϣ˷СɮǰΪʥȴ޶ָʵ˴ʧʧ
һ˵ɮ˻һҡͷ
ǳ⣬ֱɮ˵ǲ֮ˣҲǸɳһɫͨ죬ȴֲܺǳɮˡ
ʱһ
ͺ¿ʥģ
ͺ¿
˾°Ͷˣ˭ôʹ󵨣Ȼҵ˵ɮͺ¿
ֱǷˡ
ȵ˭˵ĻĿɿڴһţǺܿǴһʹͼ
˿ڳԣҳɮҲǴŭǳɷĸ֣˵λߣɽվȻ˵˵棬ͺ¿޵ٺãҲŭɶ
˵Ȼ΢Ҳֻô˵
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ɮǻһɷ⣬һŭɫ
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Ժ֮ڣž죬ɮΪ𷨾տ΢ȴǱԺѾŵ޴룬ȻһʹޱȣɶԷʹеķӶ֣ɳͷһ⡣
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΢˵⻰ʱǸɮҲ˹һЩһѪ
ֱǶȸ״ˣȻֶ֣ǱĲ˲Ż֣Ǳ˵Ԥı졣


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Ժ٣ɳðƷɹ٣ˣǷֱǿһ죬λǲţѯԺˣô˵΢˿Ǳ˿ҡ
ǶˣȻ㡭ɮ˻ҪʱɮѾǿȥǺȳһݵ񡣡
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⾲㣬ûбûзŭ߹˫ֺʮʩԺ٣վտʥʤһɸСɮ壿


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΢һ㶣⾲ǾöӣҪʼʩڶӮһ֡΢Ȼ֪ԼΣǱʥҪ˺ܶࡣʥڶ⾲УԼ䶷壬˵ʤ㡣
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΢ոճĲо֣ҲһļͲо֣ڻû֪Էܽ⿪ԲһһϦɡ


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ĹǣЩȥ״Ҳ϶治Ӯ΢̫ˡ
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΢ɽ֮󣬾ɶԼġ
쾭۲죬ɶƷԲƽ⣬ʥ״ӣαΪʥôɵĻ϶Ǵÿɶİࡣ
ԣ΢ȻҲǽɶڵһܸߵλá
˵ĿǰԺһЩвٶǽɶ֮⣬΢ΪԼͿɶġ
ɶľѾ൱ˣϾ֤Ůɣٱ΢Ҫߺܶࡣ
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ȻӮ֣аĪ΢壿϶Ҫ֪΢ԲоֱȶǾеʱҲڳ΢Ŀãǲо˼˵Ժоܽ⿪ҲȻҪרã΢һյʱ⿪ˣ뻯
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˿ɶһ֮΢ֻ֪Ҫٹ꣬ȿɶԶʱҲʥС
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Ҫɽ죬ɽţһ΢ǳ˹麣˵һ˾٣Ȼǲͨġ
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΢Ҳ飬ֵǾˡ
ִ˿ʥһڶҵһСҳݡɽһЦ΢ƥǴһ죬һɹ棬Ȼٶȥ

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޲ס
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ôִ΢ҪҪ˵˵ʱǱߵˡ


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΢Աߵϣһֽȫڵľڣ˵൱ȫ


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΢ƽ֮⣬͵˼ڲΪ壬صǸ㶨Ǹˣ
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΢һéٿƽ˼
ζԷƴסڵѨ˵Ҫ²Ϊھ㵱˻ʣҲҪܼȥУֻҪ뷨ӽȥȻط̨ͺˡϲŮɫҾÿԴһ֡ƽǻЦΪķӣʱΪȲʤȯⷴ֡
ȷһӣ˵ĿǰΨһеķӡ
ͬƽ˵ҪڼǲܵģеڣͥǱ߾ռҪǣԷռ
ǾûбҪºͶԷģһʱﻮֻҪʱطƣʱƴľԼһ
ƽķ֮ϲߡ
Ǿôˣôó⡣΢Ƹƽһ⣬Ҳûоܾ
ִˣ¶˵ˣ˵˵¶ɡôеһЩ󳼣ǸŮ˿ǳ˲˵ô첲հҲܹܣƽһɧ
ŮˣʲôŮˣ΢һ㶡
˭λŮʥ˫ױдڵ£Ҫ֪ʥһƪ³¶˶Ѿǿʷ˵Ǳסඣ


ʮ ʷ
Ҫһ˵ø֣鳼ݣȻÿʷ
Ҫ˵Чǿ
֮ǰɳշ壬ҩɽ٣ô飬νǻɳȻҪշ׷ɱͬʱʱʥԺҲмλʥдַշ壬г֤Ѹ¡
¶ж٣ʥľܴȥ١ַ֪֮ķշ̾ǳš˵շ岢ֿʷʣַǳ׽շ͡
ǰһЩɼ˿ҲǱһƪ»ٵĸɸɾ
շֻһͶѣԹʤеӦãеȴǺԩ衣
һλʥдֱʷ֮ĵʱ򶼻˼УΪ¶һ˵̫󣬵ȻҪȷԷ֮Żд
ɴƽ˵˫ıʷ֮ģд˵ġֻ˵һ⣬Ǿڵȥ֮ͥǰ˫Ѿ֪¡
Ǵͨһ
΢뵽һԼȥʥԺȥ˫ʱ򣬾Ϳ˫͵̸飬˵˵¡
΢ҲͻȻоЩķң˫Ϊ˱仯ĪΪָ֮ת֮ǰļ䣿
ΪҪȥ΢˫Ʒԣ뻢ıƤ
ƽдһƪַڵ£΢ͨһ飬üͷʣһƪ£ٲ֮ˣھƣҲһˣ˻֮ܺ͵
дĺܺãĲɺʥһ΢ˣҲһ˲ͬͷΪѹȥ֪Ǳ˿ˣʻᱻȾʩչıƻ˻֮λ˿϶Ǻ֮ǡ
΢ԤҪãȵһƪ֮ͨ󣬵ʱ֮ǰ˾Ҳᱻһƪ±飬Ϊޡ
ֶΣȻһһϵ£׶ڵ˻֮·
ֻˣ΢ҲУȻἰ˽Ķ֮ӳһ⡣
һ΢Щջˡ
Թ漰Ȩ棬ļҲʲôдģ֮ôдǴһڣҲڡ
ƽĶۣȻܶĲصˣ˲ıƣΪʺʩȴĺܺá
ڹ̩񰲣㸻ҲûлƵأݻйҲûǧ󹬣ڹʮۣ࣬Ϊ֮¾˾塣
£طȻӲˣǴѡ
˫ﾹȻд΢ܲ
˫ΪαˣˣѾǹΪʥӦöùش󣬵Դƫģʥ֮λܱˣ΢ҡͷֱƽֽʣȻдһƪ¡
ƽ˴ʲôʱ˵ʲôʱñ졣
֮ǰȻԺ΢̣֪ô˵û⣬ڣ΢һ䣬ƽʶʱĲˡ
Ҫ֪ƽֻǷˣֹ򣬶΢֤ˣƷųƽҲΡ
⣬ƽרŲ֤ˣ˵ĵ֤ͬĲûУɽЩܣˡһ붼ĵ֤ͬ΢̤ɵʼ֤ɣֻ˲ʱģԹûһ
΢ǵһأƽʮֿ΢ǰһоǱ΢ȵĺڣƽã΢ȷһ£ˣˣƽоԷΪʵ֮⣬ӺԼһģֻ΢ƽãԷԼǡһ࡯ˡ
νġ֪
ԣ֪Ǳ˴֪ʲôʱԿЦʲôʱܣڣ΢дһƪµʱƽ֪ԼòҪ
ͬʱɽʥԺУһӵŵ鷿֮ڣ˫ЩķҵĽеıʷ¡
ѾʥԺʥ˵λߣǰ˽ķ֪Ҫ߳١
˫ûоñǰ˶١
Դһλ֮˫תǰļ䣬Ҳ֪˭ɽǾպʥͬɽˣֻǣȴĳλɽܵġū
Ϊū
й֮ˣзūԷƹӡ͵
ɽһЩ˵ĸۡкܶūҶǣҲλ︮ϵŮ飬ת֮ѣҲơ


ʮ 
Ժܶ鲢ǳ˫⣬ԾѣʵѾǣ˫дַڣǵ⣬ֻԷλܵĵӡ΢һΪ⣬Щޡ
Щ΢
ֻ˫ȻޣֻĬĬ΢ȻĽ΢òرԸˡ
ǲᣬǰһˣǸҲӦðǲͻ
ô򵥡
Ҳ˫еʱԥڣÿ뵽΢оķңԼо
ʥˣ棬һСɹ˵˫һüһ壬ֱӵߣ˵⼸ҪĶʥģŲ͡
СһЩԥҲٶ˵ʵﲻһͷ˾ʥ֮һͷɳʵȨˣƷɹٵ
ô˵ˣԼֻһģӦҲΪѡ
ȵȥĵôһ˵ɫһΪãȥ
ʥԺǣ㻹浱ԼǸˣʦһūѣǶʦתлʥŰɣȹڹۣʰСƤ
˵꣬ЦһƶȥȻȥ֮󣬾ǰ˵΢Ժ
ߣ΢뷨ӻҵĺ££Ϸڵһӣ˵ÿԽᣬҲͿϲϵˡ
˽磬ʳǡ
ƽһͺȸˣֻʣ¼ƬԵĲҶڱϣûȥˮǵֱۣĿ΢дһƪ¡
ƽȻ̫࣬Ҳѧ峵֮ˣǲӣĲɲ΢ֻǿ˸ͷ̽ƽ˽ȥһʱƽѾ̲סİо񫡣
£һ̾ͿԽ˫һƪ¸ȥһܻ۵㣬ã̫ˣ֮⣬ƪ±ѵõĴƷ벻΢вšƽ֮ʡ
΢дˣ˱ʵٶȻǷᲢ۵ġ
ǷˣҪдôһƪ£ǵûһʱ䣬΢Ҳ˰ʱдˡ
һƪ¿˵һǳɣд֮ÿһֶƺʣֽ֮͸һʥ⡣
һֽ̣ϾȻԾССĽ
΢һʱӦȡʦʣʹգͽӵһл統УһͲ˿ϢݳȥȻҲᱻ˲֡
ǼССĽһƪϿƽҲסˡ۾ֳҫʥһ£΢ȷ㲻ʥԺʥ
⻰Ȼʶѣ΢Ȼʥ
󣬾΢ԼҲЩ⣬Ҫ֪дһƪиж˵ǽһдġ
û뵽󣬲ҲǺ£˵Լһƪ¹
ִˣһƪ¿Ŀƽʱʵ
΢룬дĸ֡

һ˲ƪľǵ֮֮ӼΪ񣬷Ϊ룬ϣɱе̫еˣƪ³϶Խ˫·һ䣺Ϊ죬ΪɳΪأΪᣬѡ֮٣Ϊ˵еǰ˸ˣ˻֮ҪթҪأһ㣬ʤȻΪϴأȴᣬ̺
ƽҡͷβʮֵ⣬Ҳ΢Ĵ㣬Ȼ˫дһƪַַ֮ڣô΢Ա֮ʩͬһƪĽ˼ĸˣѻһڣеѻܰ£еĲС
ȻҪ˵һƪڽµ鷳Ȼǲܵģ΢ҪҲֻƣΪڣΪ˽ط
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ʱƽڣôֻҪ΢ͥ϶ɹͬط˻ʣô¾ǰˡ
֣»У
̫ˣִ鷨˫дҲƯŵùֵܣƪ½ңҶȻٶȴȥƽȻó΢Ĵ㣬ƪ¾ΪƣȻǴȥԽԽãԽԽá
£ǶǵӦ֣Ҫǣƽ۹⣬΢һƪָѾԼͷ£ҲҪԭ塣
һС΢Ȼó⣬ֻҪ°ɾС


ʮһ Ϊǿ
ǾͰˣ΢Ҳ֪¶֣ԸбҪȥ»ܼץʱ䡣
΢ҪߣƽͻȻڵ¶ں֪ɳҲûдκεҲ˵ڻ˻ʣǶ֮־ûлΧǣ󳼣ǴҪɱͷġ
΢ɨһƽȻ˲ʧƽȻȻǿԼҪʲôȷڵĶȷ죬ƴ׼̫ˣһҪ顣
Ǿڱɳߵ飬¶˵ֻɳ֪û
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¶΢϶ǲԶ֣֪Լ
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ֻǽȥ֮΢ղԣȣѪأˣҸûá֮⣬ū͹ܼңһޱȣҪȥ־ѹˡ
һѾߵزҪ̫ҽҽΡ
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΢ûг־ū³֮鷳̫࣬һỵ˴£ūĿɼΣ΢վյУһץͽūĻǾۺһ𣬴һӡȻͶ硣
һūԳΪޣԸ⣬Ҳڽ֮յĹգΪԼӡ統У΢ǿ൱Ĵ
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Ҫ˸Ͼɱ
΢һ͵˽Ժһһͷ
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мˣطĸҲǼĲˣҽֻܸżطڴϣһ۾գϢ΢
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Ȼط˲ĪĹϵ
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һ۾Ϳ˴ߵ΢
΢ôطһ㶣ǴϲкЩûм΢ˡ΢ڵӣ͵ûв
ʿĺô˵꣬ʮ꣬ʮټҲһӡ
΢ЦЦҲ类˺ˡ
Ƭ֮طʹ΢֪ľҲһʱ΢ûдµȷҪʱ


ʮ Ҫ͸
΢Ҳ顣
֮ǰطϵǸӰɷȻͨ˺Ѱʿ˵޵еĴڣԼһǿȥ
һʼ΢Ϊط˿϶ǵڿԲ
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˵ⲻǵֶΡȻǻ˭
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ԼϹطֲڡ
΢ʱҲ˿ҺⲻǵֶΣ־ǣҲҪȶ档
ò˵ڵȷǵʵ۵ϣЩ֮ˡҲҺˣŸ˱˷ĻᣬԷûӷˡ
΢Ѿ뵽֤ڲٿ־Χǣôͨɳʱ϶ɳɾڲãή
Ϊɳ
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֮ǰҲΪҪңطʱʵ
ǣڵҲûзֱ־ɱ㣬ֻյֶΣҲ˻΢˵ͻȻðһͷطҲƺ΢뵽һȥˣһЦ
ȻôɱңǱԸط˴㣬΢һҲǷˣȻط֪ôǸѵģҪһ䣺Сǹǽ֪㸮ʿ뷨ȥ绤ͻʳ˾˲źð£ҲҪ
طһ㶣ʵ΢㲻
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΢鶼֮ŷɽ硣
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󣬾˴󺰣־ı棬Ҫɱ£˰־ı棬Ҫɱ£
ܴ󣬽ⶼ
һϢܿʹ˳ȥʱϰ棬һ嵶š¡ĿںţֱӺΧŽ־ɱ
΢˶֪ǻʳ֮ڣ˻ġʳǳ


ʮ ɱ
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鸮УҲаˣװҲһɲСҪǣΧ⸮ۡ־ˣƴɱ˭˭
ͬһʱ̣Ĵ˹ٸϣҲƵ鷢ǶǸںܾõϳĲգĶס
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ҪȥʳʮӪȼݣǴ͡Ҫ֪ӪҲǧȻԶ־¶ؼ׵־ܻܡ
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ʱĽطѾıɱΧʳ֮ڡʳ֮ڵĵ̣ȻڣطҲһ
ԭڲڣʳѾĻ̻̣طһǽסˡ
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£Ѵϰٵʿǰӵ£ֻҪ̴ȥժ˺Դ˵ɱ
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ȻȻǻλһҲɳϷ顣
˷־ͳ캫ı棬˽ɱһط̱ǻأλǷɵʿڣ˵һʧ
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ûĹǣȻǻˣǼʿȴʮֳȻֻά־棬ȴڵϢͺá
Ȼˣ㻹Ƿ겻ѣԳ⼸ʿԵҲ࣬Ѳ־Ӫʣߵ־ǰ꺮ůʱͻȻһ͵ĽһѼ⵶˺Ŀڣֻ
ˣ
ȻɱʿҲˣⲢҪҪ־һȺףס


ʮ ΪӪ
Ϣܿʹ˻ʳǾ־ͳһͳ־Ҳڽġ١߽֮⣬齵
ֱʱʥԺ½Ůʥ˫һƪַ֮ĲŴ˵
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һͬˣһҹ֮䣬ͷβ˵Ժٻ֮ң¥Ůӣ̸¡нڱΪһбֶΡޱȵľ˵ڲ˻ͳԲ˳Թ֮ȻҲһǸǻ塣
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һƪ½˻ʵӦΪΪ˻ӽǲۣǡ¡Ҳǵ˻ʱҪ߱ʺ
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ԽǷ⣬ԽĿˣһԽҫۣҲԽࡣ
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˵һƪ½ӵ˭ַ֮෴ʵеĿʮԣǸڡ
ͬǽҪöࡣ
ȻҲ˿ӦΪƽģƫƫ˽ܡ
ߵĹɼһߡ
ֻһƪ´ûҲ֪˭дģ֪ôġ
쵽˵ڶʱ򣬵˵ʳǵ飬һӦǷŭ
ĲǱˣڡ
͸˵ռǧ֮ܲΪڹ鶼Ǻ壬ܼӷ֣Ի֡
ڵãúõһ³ӣֱԻǰ̡
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ֱǷˣҺӣһڿ϶ǻᱻҲϻλ
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ֽŵˣǸеĸ֣ǽڵԸ׼ȷǷõ
Ǿ˭
ɲ˭ҪľֲֻҪڵ˻ʣֻһ죬ôзȶס档
ʱһڻ޶ȵϢҲ˻


ʮ 
ڻ޶ȵϢ֮󣬵һӦǺûǺܺɫûбΪ檣νġ󹬡
붼֪˶ڿţܱΪ檣
ɵ֪Ǻģô֪
⴫˵бۣȻɳ˲ţ˿϶šҪǣڻʱ򣬾͸ɹƵĻ޶ȵ飬˵һλŮĺܶ˶֪һ⴫ԾΪš
鷳ǣλҲһƷ˹٣ξȻվڻ޶ȣײбŰһ£¶ѾûһøС
֪£ԼҪ⡣
ɲô˵еһ;Բܴùģ֮ǰһ׼֧
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ޣʮ˻ʣʮһмλҲˡ
ỹûʼѾأȻ֪϶һν˻ʵѡö
΢վ棬׼Ҳûš
΢˵һҲΨһĻᣬطƾٳΪ˻ʡĶˣĶңɳѾ֪ˣǵӾˡ
Ҳ˵һͥᣬ˵˻֮Ҳ˵Լ͵Կͷһս
ϵɱƽͣҲǵ⽣ӰĪ⣬Ǳ涷˶١
涷΢ھԲǵĶ֣ϵȻҲȲˣǽʱ˺ͣǻǿԶһġ
һΣ΢Ϊǿ
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˵꣬΢ʩչеͶӰָֿУɲ鿴
˾٣üͷһ塣
£Ҳ˵ˣȷ̫񻰣Щˣ֮ˣ˵ڣʣ΢ҪʲôȻȨ֧֡
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ţ԰ļʹˣλɽ˾Ҳһ𸽺͡һ£˵µ˸ȥû˵ģһҲˡ
˶óڹڣҲ΢ǵսʹ֮ǹϴףǸáԷĵطڱˣԣҪ͹һ㣬һСʤǿ
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û뵽΢Ȼ޼ɵ˵־Ͷ֣˵ϵʱ൱׼ȷֱǳϵ֣ѹողμӳˡ
ǶԷһȵڵĲö˵ЩͲʱˣƫƫ΢ʹ˱һֲ
ԷĿĺԣϵڣҲڣ϶Ҫطλ
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ͬȡλ˲һڲɳöңҲǷ˴ɣ˵Ҫ˻֮λˡ
΢ʱ˻һƻеģڿЧܲ˵󲿷ɹٶϲڵΪһԼ߾ռ˲֮أܱܲסλǿԽܵĽ֡
ʼûзȻЩֲԪ˶ڵĲþ
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΢һҲ֮УϾڵȷ˲ʵֶΣҪֻۣǸ˻λѾǿˡ


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һ΢ĻҲ̲סĴָ
΢Ȼһףûз飬ԪҪ֪ԪĵλɳԱжǳȻģͳʮ˹ȨƼ˭øһӡҪǣԪֱ֤˵ֻϵ档
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Ϊ֪Щ΢ŻĴ󵨵ÿԪѡ
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ڲ˻ʣҲ䷲ڱɳܻʱͲǲٻôˣס
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Ҫ֪ԺʸĸֻԺ٣ǰʥڲʣ΢
ĸ壬Ǻεȵ˵ԺˮҪȥ΢ȥΪܲĸ壬ԼԼҲԺ
ɲȥҲУĸ룬㲻ȥԺôɳ죿
ԼǸɽ΢Ҳû͵͵һԣС㣬ܲܲȥ
ˣĸܶ࣬òҪ壬⻹Ҳɿȥģò׸ȡĻᣬ˵ȥ۾һɣһĲš
ԼҵԼ֪΢ε㣬Զʥȥˣ϶ᶪˡ
һҡͷ˵ܵܣͱǫˣ֪оֲ⿪ģǰӣ㽫Ǹжܣϴ˵ھ֮ϣҲʥ֮ϣ˵УǺ˵˵Ҹ㽲ٵģ㲻ȥԼùҲŵù㿴Űɣ
΢һ֪ȥɣûӣȥ˵
΢ʰһ£߳ȥһ·ϣ΢ŶԲߣȻô붼ûãĸԼװװˣһģȻ¶ڡ
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һ·У΢ͼŮһ𣬵ɽţȻһɷȻ΢졣
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˵ȳҪö࣬ɽͱȳҪö࣬ɽеģ߶ȡ֮⣬֮ǿѾ΢
ͨ˵ǿ˲Ķҩһھͻ̱΢Ҳȥ죬컹Ҫ̫࣬һ紵ʯ飬ͨûɷ̾ͻᱻĭ棬Ȼоҫһһ任״Яߴ֮һ̱ճˮȻǿӲҲȲ֪жԵ
΢ΪҲǸоëֱ
ǾŮɹ٣ҲǼɵޱȣǺܿʹ΢ĸɹ֮ػûɷҲûйϵ
΢ڶμĸ
Ӻݻ󣬴Ͽͣ˵ƯĲ񻰣ȴһ֮ģֻ
΢ۿȥֻܿĸͷᣬâ䣬˵΢Ϊֹˣû֮һ
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˿̣ĸһ鰸֮ǰʻǰʱĸֻǵ˵ͷһԺš
΢˸ɫ˼ǵһĸ껭֮塣
΢ͷͿʼ´һӵʱ΢Ϳвٻܣĸ޽һϲ
֮⣬ӻһЩīлҲ֡
΢룬ĸѾǽΪ˵ΪϣѾǴﵽһߵĲΡѰԪٶ꣬ԪɴǧϣеĿԴﵽǧ꣬ԪѾǧꡣ


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֮ϵľ磬Ҳ˺ü㼶αɾͲ˵ˣǿ֤ѣαɣ֮һ磬飬棬𣬵ۡоű֮˵֮Ҳ䡣
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Լ΢Ҳ֪һɵʵжǿֻ֪ԷҪɱԼһָӡ
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Ǹʱ䣬ʵ̽ߵĲΣϾ֮࣬ȻȻ塣
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ĸģȻһצ˵ɼĸĻ൱ߡ΢ǲ˺ܶ࣬΢Դޣ統Уڻϳ΢ģ˵ָҲֻб̿λʦĪаܳ΢֮⣬ǽ֮ĸҲȲ΢
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᲻ᣬҲὫԼꡣ
壡΢˼֮ʣĸѾǳ˵ǱһŮ׼׵߰ںãȻ˵һԡ


ʮ 
һ΢֮ǰԤϵЩͬĸǿȲϿɶ
΢Ȼһ㣬ϾԺвٸֶ¹ͿɶµࡣҲҪֵģ΢ÿſɶ壬ձ֮ǰҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ҼʶҲ˺ܶ࣬ܿĸʵϺ¡
ͷһ壬ȻǺĸɱѽѷ֣ޱȡ
˭֪˲ܺ¡
һǳ¨ӣͳ¨£ԽԽûκȤԷͲУӮҲ˿ûκεĸо
һ֣Ǳܶĸ֡͸壬ȻԼգ󲿷ʱᱻĺܲңΪܾ˼ҿֱֵһᣬ˼㼸оܽɱĶףһֱ䣬˭ϲ¡
Լʵ൱£ǲ˼ġ
ڣ΢ĸˣտʼ΢飬棬׵ĳڶĵȤСĸҲһһ֣Ȼ΢СʤĸǱҲǲһͿӮˣĸٿһ֣һ־Ȼʱ
ѾǾˣҪ֪ĸһҲֻһ֣µڶ֣һֲᳬʱкܶҪĸһΣĸ˵ڶ֣һôʱ䣬ǰδе顣
ҿĸ˿̵ı飬˿϶ǲȥŵġ
Եˣ˿̶רעޱȣһĸһУһУֻһͿӮˡȻǺܲģԲŻµڶ֣һֵ˵ƴȫûʥ־µǸÿٶԴ˿ڲĵĶ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ǰһֱһնһͲһͿԹϾҪʤͲôһ㡣
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ǽ죬ƫƫָо
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ĸһ䶨Цݣ΢΢岻۾̣üͷ塣һ̣ĸҲΪһѾӮ˵΢ʥҲûޡ
ĸҲߴ٣ϲĸоҪ֪ұ壬Ҫô̫Ҫô̫ߣ۸ߵͣԼ¡ոߵģʥʵ϶һĸεΪε۽磬ܿɺ΢£΢˵ȫΪһ鵽ĵȤӮˣŻø˺͵⡣ָоЩԼ޷ġ
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΢ȻǲײĲᣬӲͷƤ£ƺоܽ⿪ľ棬ӣĸ̾£΢һ㣬Ȼ鵭Ȼ۵׻ܿ⡣
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ȷǲһ㣬վӮˡ
ĸ¹һΣ¹ٶȻзƽĸ˵·΢һǸ߼ƨĸܿһκ֣Ȼʮá
һԵŮһŵͷ󺹣΢̫ӣȻҺĸô˵ʱҲҶ˵ʲôæǰϹϹ
֪Ȼôã΢ЩϹˣһ£շ˰ٳɳ񲿻ȥԺ٣һҲҪȥסҪɳ档ĸʱ˵
ΧŮһһĿɿڴҲһҪ֪ĸǺٺͱ˵ֻڵˣ˵ܿϡ
Ǵ£ϲãҲǸпԼܵ˫Ȼܵõĸӡ
΢е˼ԼһˮƽѾĸ͸ˣĸһ仰ҪԼҪĥˮƽȥ˷綪ۡ


ٰʮ µĲ
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Ȼĸ׿˵ӦþͲдһȷҪһЩ׼
ĸʹ͵ĹϹ΢֪Ȥĸ뿪
΢ȥ֮͵͵΢ĸܾûôˡ΢ʱȴǳһŪһ㶣΢ȴǵ㣬΢֪ǿڳϵ˵ҳΪԺûãҵλȣĸɣ
۾һЦ֪㣬պĸʱ䣬Ҿͽһ£Ҫ֪˭ܺĸģȥ£˾ͻɵ
΢ȻимҺĸ壬ǻúܶľսҿԽĸ֮ƣҲ׶Ըңٵλûȣ֪⣬ʥֻǰƷɹ٣ȴ˸ҵΪĸԵʡ
лң㲻֪ĸûôʱ壬˵ϲ£ǵܵıˡʱ˵΢һЦһ㣬ûйˣֻǾΪ˭֪ĸպԼɱôãĸ
壬û壬ǲȫΪʱһܿΪ΢ûװ壬ҸǧԸպĵĸ㣬š
΢֪ԼԼĺãһݶ΢Ȼġ
ȵ˵ڶͥʱ򣬹ȻᵽǰȥΪٵ顣統зȴǵͬɳһķޣڷĵλܸߣڷ°˴֮һ˰ٳɳȻӦǰȥ١
һû˷ԣҲ漰κһɵ棬Ժ׾ͨˡ
һµȻɳ񲿣ܿ죬һǰȥٵⶨˣоԺ١
֮⣬񲿵ļλɹ٣ʥԺļλɣս˾Ҳȥλǰȥ͡
ɳ³̿ûκ⣬Ҳûʡ΢ΪԺ٣Ժչȥ֮鶼ǻȥģԾǵҲûзԡ
Ҿһ˰֮ãҲûκμֵ˭ȥ˭ȥûʲô𡣿΢ȥˣҲһӣ˻÷˲٣Ͼ΢ڵʱǶڡ
ԭ򲻹΢ƴ󣬶һʥһȥĸ塣
ֻ壬ǺܴȿԿĸ΢˲УΣ΢ҲлӴĸһɣ˭ҪԸ΢Ƕõ¡
֮ܿͶˣ˳ʱ΢ǽȥ˼ϾһЩ黹Ҫעġ
е׼ģ΢Ҫκζ˵Դһһȥ΢룬˭ҲûдҪɶȥģɶͻƵļԾ
һվǳӣ΢룬ߵšûһ񲿺ʥԺǼλɹپ͵ˣһ𵽵ģս˾ļɣǻϾ⼸λˣĹ٣ڶɱԺҲɣ΢ȴǲһĵ֤ͬ䣬鷳Ǽǻû΢ļֵ
񲿵Ʒɹ٣Ⱥ飬Ψһɣ˿һܣЦλˣǾͲ˷ʱˣȥ·;ңԶҪǰ·ҪҹȽ磬ͻзʹ߽Ӧ⼸ʱ䣬Ҿ񣬲ɶɳ˵ķ緶
˵꣬ȺųһҾ޴ۡ
˾ƣõľ߲ʷɴƶɣٶȼ졣
֮ңʤħɹҲûзϻֱӵۣۻһ⣬ֱȥ
ʥԺУʥһƪһŹֵЦݡ
ǲ֮ǰҦʥģȻҦʥҲеŵԲŻøԼ
ò˵һƬûκдķǳãֹǺãֱǿʥ֮ʣ˵ݣĲɾ۷
ʥԺ˫׫ַڣҲµһƪҲˣȻҲдĺãһƪȴǲ̫ࡣ
ıȣ߲£˫һƪҪӻҪ˵ݣǾͲ̫ࡣ˫ַ֮ģȫΪ˷ڣΪƣ˭óһƪȴûôԵĿԣϸһ룬
˵ǽ˫һƪַ֮ȫ񶨣۾۵оݣԵһλߵĽ̿ĵ
ʵѾ˵в˹˻ʶоһƪһƪûмֵ˭Ứʱо


ٰʮһ 
Թ̵оֹʥĿ˵Ҳв٣񡶵ֵģȴ֮٣˵ѹûСûЩûЩһƭ˵ۺеģȫʵõĶ
ڣıƣƫ뱾ģΪزǵ֮ġ
дһƪµˣҲ϶ͨˡ˲²˭дģܺҦʥȴһͿˡҦʥҲἱҴùΪ⡶ĳ֤ʱдġǿʳֱۡһޣȻݲͬķҲܾͬǿóͬһЩġ
Ǿ΢
ϸһһ˻֮˭˻ʣ˭ȫʤ˵Ѿ롣
һְɳ²ˣÿ˵ǵǷ켫¯࣬ǽϼ޻˶ˣˣֶַμֱиɻºֻҪϸζ۷ѡ
ˣܽһλɣԸһƪʥҲ
ܵĸʱʥһƪû˲֪ʥ
֪֪ȥʥԺʥ׫дַ֮һλ˻ʣȻͨλʥ飬£̫ˣ͵Ǹһ棬Ҫҵ̬ȡһɵ½ӹһƪ˹ȥ
ûһͻˡ
ʥȥˣʥʲôû˵ɾʵʥ˵ͷ£ʱʲô˵˵˻á
һߡ
˫ûпĵΪͿˡҦʥʥһ˫ĵһ۾֪˭дġ
Ȼڵ˫ʵѾ˫ǡ
˫ļж٣ʮ꣬ת֮ǰѾ˾磬Ԫ䣬ȻǿԳѹ˫
ԣҪһЩʱŻӦǶԸ΢ȻԥȻʶеǸ˫ڷţ޷ҡǵ뷨
һεַ֮ģȫΪΪһٽڸͬ¿ж˵Ŀ࣬һڽпʷϵļƻ
˭뵽㲻㣬ȻȥˣҲû˻ᣬλľȻڵĶӡ
ôһһǴܶ飬ʲôôû̵ȻЩ˵ҲʲôԸܵ˷ŭ衣
ԭһƪ¡
һƪ£ַ֮ĶдģȻûָգҲûһһķһƪ·ֶθӸ
õģ֪񶨵ֶΡҲ˵Ӹϣ˲˹е˼άʽ˼άʽȫǺдַ֮ıۣһǽôһϸĵλߣһȫģĸӰѾԶ׼
⻹㣬һƪдķǳãȻλߺ͵д˳ȴǿԴļԼдģѾˡûУҲᱻЦ
ȻǻһִܸУķŭޡ
һʶҲ˫ǸȴǸоο˷ܣһˣͷ֪ǶôĻҡڿһƪ֮Ǹоŭʹܣ˫ȴǸоһԭС׳˺ܶࡣ
ȻǿѹǣҲڱѹ͸Ҫ֪һֱ뽫˫ⷲ˼Ĩôʱ˵˫ĴѾԽԽ΢һΣ˫ǿ࣬˵ܶùǣٲôױĨɱ
һ̣ʶʼ˵ʶж췭ظ󣬻ǿһЩһν˫ȵ䡣
΢ôܱȵ˵Ķ飬ˣǸ΢׹ûУһŮˣܾΪβɱһڶܾ㣬ͬǾܾңΪҾ㣬ң˫㻹һĺáʱ˫˵
˵棬˫ִ粻ǣǿֻ֪Ҫ˫ڣ;Բóѣ㣬ңҳĲ䡣˫ᶨĻػ
޲ͣʵ޴һ䣬һйƽ
֮ϣ΢ں͹Ⱥġ
Ҫ˵£Ҳȱ죬ҹȺǶɣҲ̫ġζȹȻͳôʱķʽʵϣ΢֮ǰѾеɹٶ¹塣
΢Ҫ£ܹ΢ĥӲݣϾ΢Ժܣִɳ²΢˭


ٰʮ 
΢ҲǸոպĸ¹壬Ҳнύ˼΢Ҳ뷨Լ¶ڣ֮΢ˡ
ЩһȻˣʵǺһ㣬˵ɶԺһӮǡ
΢ձЩҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ΢ͷһԽУȻԼҲǲһٶԸЩǴࡣ
Ϳɶ£΢ûӮĸ£ƾУһʤһӮ˵һ֣ҲӮʮּѡڣԸЩɹټֱޱȣ΢ҲһһԺЦĸо
ȻԺܿļ飬֮ǰ΢󲿷ֶʶ֪Է˭ǼһѾĲˣѾֵơ
ձȽϸߵľǹȺ飬˵λȴ˾һߣҲǰʥѡ
£΢ҪʮֵľֻܱסԼơ
ȷҪ֣΢ȻɶŬһʱ䣬֤ҲǲܡǹȺˣȻվͲǿ⣬Ȼ΢ֻҪһЩ϶ǿԽԷӮ
ϣ΢Ѿʼǰ׷ϡ
һ΢һ䶨ǹȺ鶼֪ʤѷ֡
ˣϵǿҿ϶²ġȺЦЦŰڰ֣˻ȥ
ȴ巨ȽҪӮҲף˵һһСľˡ΢ҲøοˣٳϵĽ΢Ĵ˵Ҫ֪΢һľ顣
ȺһЦϵȤңһԼʵް
˵ּ£˵˵ͷһȥǰ󲿷ֶȥ⻰Ҿͺ˵
Щ޺ôɳһǽ֤ǽʵ϶һ˼󲿷ַ޶ƣҲһЩһȥ֮һҪƢСĽǧҪǷͻȻ϶鷳ȺһרŸ΢
ԭܼ򵥣΢ǰƵģһƵǾеͷϴ峾ʦͷˣǼΪټġ
ʵ˶ܿ΢ڹǾУѾ˵΢Ƣˡ˵΢ڳϼκ͵磬˵΢Ը
ȺȻ֧΢һڷں٣Ҫ͵һЩܲͻãԲǳʲô
΢εȴȻ˹Ⱥ˼ͷȴ˷ģ΢ס
ãȺ΢ףĵ˵ͷΪ֮ˣȻҪǳ鷳ӿ϶á
һǼȥ۷֮Ҫ߽硣
ɳͳ֮ȫͬɽˮˡҲз˽磬ɳ˽粻ͬǣķ˽ԷΪͬɳ˽ĵţǹͷУիǣķ˽ûлȨȫǴͳһأһʮ£ͳʮأ֮ͬҲ磬ɳͳ粻ֻͬռһ֣ǻ˷ϽڷУֻһ
˵ɳ񣬵ֲһ
ɷɽͣ£ѾǷ磬зʹǰֱȥ¡Χȴǿһˣѹκν֮ˡ
Ҫ֪ʮʧ飬ڶɹٶɫѿȺҲüͷֱ塣
ʱ΢͹ȺԼΪϸߵͻУԶ
ߣȥȺ˵
ɶǼƶǰȥһͿһɽϣվżɮˡ
ԱһƬѪȣ˵ģҲǵģʬ٣ʬ࣬еѾһɽһѪζǡ
⼸ɮ˫ֺʮеɫеɫŭ顣
΢ۣһ۾Ϳ⼸ɮ˲ּǲеķӣʣµģҲǵͬɵ񾳵ĸ֡
ȺҲ˶ߣȻ⼸ɮ¾ǽǵķޣżȻҰҧˣȡȻҲпǹˡ
ʱһͻȻʵλɳͶǵõ֮ˣƶɮҪʣɵȵ˴Ǵ˿ǿƶɮɳ˵ļ⣬ж֮
һʣɳ˶һ㶡
ô£ôͻȻ⣬ǺܿͷӦǷ޹⣬
Ǹַ֪֪бɳ˼
ŭ϶УҪشһͿܵ壬Щ޵ĵ
һʱɹٶûп࿴һۡ


ٰʮ 
ĪǣλɳʹЦһΪɵģû뵽ô򵥵鶼ʧǷ̳Լ
һǴŭ
һ񲿵ɹùȺ֮ͬǰһȻ˿ЩһͻȻȺǵϮƴպͬھ
˵꣬һӱҡͷҲҲλɳˣ֪ȺɱˣɱȺƣﻹһЩ̣֪ЩҪɱǣ±
һҲЦһɣ֮飬Щ˲ǿڣ̸ֺԴ
ǲԣǷҡͷԻƽȣĪǾ͸Ϊ󣬼ǴҲ׷ɳ˱ˣƽȣǻῴһ˽ЩȺɱ⣬һۡҷȴǲͬ˻ǣ飬һҪԺ󣬻һ鳾
һٷһʱеƿԡ
˵ֱһ㣬ȫǿʶȺҲüͷ壬Щ޸ʲôĪǻΪɷ֮
Ҫ֪ɵͷз磬ֲͬĵȻںһںܾǰɷս
ʱɷ˵
ɳ΢ʤҲϢģԸ⳼ɳΪĲͬ˫ǸΪ
Ҳ˵ɵͷĳͻʼնûͣ
ɵȻ˳Ӧʲô˵棬ǿʳȫͬܿΪƽȣسɷ˵һλɮΪ˽̻һͷѪɱǣȻҪԷ̻ҪǷիԸǣлġ
ΪλɮȻһ⣬޳˷õɷ𣬶һͷǣ˵ҲǸٸɮķģӴի޳ͨ
ɵʿôǣ
ǵһʱһ׾ȥˡ
ڵΪŹ֣ͷһɹվһԣɫΡʱһֵˣˣλɽͲ֪½УλͷȺƬ̣ǳЩλǰȥ¡
һ£ɸ޹⡣
ȺεοЩǹˣҪ´ѹһɳʹŵӡ
ΪһС·ȻܣԷǰѳסһ÷ɵѹȥһ
ôˣϢˣ
ȺȷôģΪһС£ʵûбҪ󶯸ɸ꣬ʱҲܲɵͶԷۡ
Ī˵ﾺǿʳ
Ҷһ˵ȷһ΢С£˼ˣʮͷǣͬ鲻֪ж٣ܹ˵ù
ʱͻȻ˵޳ΪȱΪǷģģ飬ෳգڴˡڳ뾣Ĳ˲ˣĶʹǣ˲гʹ࣬ƶԴ˳Ӧ޴޴ңȥϲޱ˷λʦղԣʵˡ
һ仰ܵ˿ȴǷס
ĿɿڴǼӺͷҲǷ·𺮶±˴ͷһˮһ㣬˲龪㵣ü˼ǻȻ
ٿЩʬʬЩӾȻЩ
ǸƽûˣޣȻ׷˭˭к壿ɵ˳ӦȻ̻ڣλ֮Σ
¼ɫƣȻղһ仰Ƕ򣬵ǲġ³˵˵λγƺ
΢
ղ˵ˣ΢ʵڿȥЩװģֻװģҲˣղǾôЩ˵˵ķѹɵ´ȥɳɻô
ȺȻλߣδ΢ô˼ǱԣǺܿͻᴫзǶܲ˵СУã˵ˣǶɳʲô΢뵱ԩͷ
ЩͷҪ۸ˣҪܿϧѡ˶
ˣ㶮һӼʵŲмͼ
΢ҡͷֻ䱾޴ǷģĲ޶Դλʦһʼ˭˭Ǵһʼʹˡ
ʵϣǷ΢ЩҲижȴħģзѪᣬЩҪ˵ҹ꣬΢֤Ĳɡڲšţܼ˵Ҳ


ٰʮ 
˵ǼޣǹȺҲǱ΢⼸סˡ
ǷӦҲǺܿ죬һͷ΢ĴָƯ÷ŵԷ֮٣ʵκһǶһ㣬΢ĵˣռѣȻо
һ£ǵûж
ʹ졣
ʹ죬ǾͲʹ졣
Ǽޱ΢һ䡮䱾޴ǷġƿԣǷŵȻã벻΢ѧʶԨȻ÷
ԭɱɱɳ˵磬ȴû뵽Ūɳ׾
ʱΧͻȻǺŤͷһͿԿԶϰͷǡЩȺͺţһͷͷͷǡ
ͷǵĸͷͨҪһëѪԣ
ͨˣһȺΧǱɣڳĲ˾Ƿӣʣ¼ҲǵͬڷķޣЩޣ
Щǣ΢ͻȻЦˣһǷȣ΢ٲһµЩ˫Ŀͨ죬Ǹ⣬ȻǶ˺ܾãзǰǣлЩѪޣλʦβЧ£Բ̻֮
仰˵ǣǲ˵ƽȣãЩǶˣǾˣ΢ǡ
¼ǸڰҪȴǲ֪˵𣬸ո΢Ƿ˵ıǻ˵
ȺһҪ㽩³Բ
˹Ⱥ˴ԲǼҲ˳¿æǰ£ȴǾڲոյˡ
΢һЦҲû׷ʹȻ⼸޲ôеķ޶У΢ͼܶеĸɮ˵ԨǸоͲȻҲִܹ˼ҵķ𷨺ͶԶ⼸Ҫߺܶࡣ
Ȼƶڵˡ
һ·ߵľʮ˳ˣרŵķзվ͵¡
Ϊʾ𾴣ɽµʱתΪУͽɽһ·˵Ƿﻨ㣬ɺЩҲ̸ȫû֮ǰֽšȻǲľͺ˵ˡ
ͻȻ֮ǰǰɽ۳һɲһǳߣɢ⣬ҫķźԶķţЩɮоģ΢ˣҲǸо崺磬Ƿ⡣
ɴ˿ɼܺɵͥܿ˵ҲĶ֮ġ
ʯ̨һ˽ףҲһ˿ãȥ֮󣬱µĴţʱѾڶǰӭӡ
ͼһĵϺ˫ֺʮ˹ɳǰ¿νԣ¾Ⱦˣ
һɮ˶˫ֺʮ˷š
Ⱥɳ˿Ҳǰһ΢ɺܶ࣬´һɲͷ
ԣѾɽ磬һשһߣһһľ涼̺һǿ
Ǽӳ֮
˵ŵӲַԡ֮ӳֵͨϵġͬһ飬ľģӣֻ߹ͷ解ԭͨĶڷʿﲻϵİ棬ϵоģԷӳ֣ʮ꣬һͨķͻΪĶ
һɲǴҲǧ꣬ǰÿնڶŵз𾭣֮£޹ֺһж˷
˵ǴһʯͷȥͨǿԵҴˡ
ܿ죬ɱ£һի
óùĵģдҲûκε⣬΢Ҳע⵽Щǵķ޴˿Ѿ뿪֮ǰ鵱Ȼû˻ᡣ
ùիɾͱŵͷϢȻأԶûɳɹĻص͸һֵ΢ϲָоһͨһţһյ͵ƣм𾭣ż˶ΪҲкô
վİ˰ٳ΢ΪԼһҪ֪ԷǷĵ֮һΪ֮ߣһɵˡֻƺˣ˿ɫ΢͵Ʒ䡣
֪УѾҹ¹֮£з紵һʼ΢죬ǣӰڴǰζ
۵һȻǱˣһʱݣ͵ƴ
΢һЦ̫ҲãⴰЩϾɡ׼ȥأʱ΢߹ȥһɮˡ
ɮ˿ȥͽɮ죬ɫɮ£ͷɫҴҡ΢û⣬ֻǾʱ΢ʶɮ˵ͷһ̣΢סˡ
ɵʿͷƣͷз⣬ɮ˵ͷ֮ϣȻһƬŹֵĺɫҶ


ٰʮ չ
΢ûмӵķޣһʱ֮Ҳ˺֮ġȥתһ룬Ƿ磬ԼóȻжһǳʲô鷳ɲý
룬΢¡
һ²һ£ﲻɽ磬ǿˣʲôҲûҪۏˮ
غôص΢ִһ罫͵Ƶٴηһ䡣
ڿͷУȻǸ˿ģ潲ҲǷĹ£統˴ǻۣδģնħ
΢ǽζһţ΢·䣬ǰš
ǹȺ顣
ȴˣ΢㶣񣬹ȺڰЦлģǼӹӣ㣬´ȥ̾ͻ˽˴¡ЩˣıûУﶷȴó
΢æȺ˽
ҹ£ɡʥڵʱҾǾ壬˭֪˵߾ߣʱ䣬ҺʶҲˡȺʱ̾˿΢㲻ȺҪʲô壬һǼ겻˯û⡣
̰ںã˿ʼġ
һµĶΪϸιȺ黹һУ΢
΢˵ʵʥִҪѡİ࣬Ǹʱʮֲ⡣Ҫִ֪Ժô˵Ҳ֤ˣȻĵˣδֻ֤ʥִˣʱҲ֧ˣڿʥȻûѡˣȷǴšһ˵Ⱥ΢ʼµڶ֡
΢ʱʥ񰮣ҵҲȷǲǿ⣬ԺԻлᣬһѡһ˽Ժ
һ̣΢ǿɶʱ۲죬ҲֻпɶнӰǱ
Ⱥ۾һЦܺãʵ˵Ժʺ㣬Ժ٣ҲǰƷǵԼĵɣѳͥᣬһЩͲˣ΢Һܿ㡣
лȴ˿أ΢һлʵ⣬ȺʵǰζǸԼ飬վԼһߡ
Щ£ĻЩ嶯Ҫ֪Щ˿ɲ֮Ϊ֮ǱԼȻ塣֪ʥ˼μͥᣬ֮Ȩһ죬Ҫ֪ɳɹкܶ࣬ܲμͥȴ֮٣ϸ˵ֻܲμͥɹ٣ɳġȺһ壬һߺ΢˵˵ȫΪ֮ٶɹ۵ľ顣
΢óȺûʵʵ棬ҲǺϸ棬Щ΢֪Щ֪һЩ㣣΢ûз
ȺܶԼô˵ǰԼѣԲޱĽ̵һ飬΢ˡ
ΪɹٵλߣһܲһӣԲŻôˣĻǵҪռЩħ˾ʱˣ˻ʵҲˣǳر㻵ô£ܿҪ㣬һ٣Ҳ֡Ⱥ˵꣬΢һ㶣ԭԼΪȺԵʡ
һӣ΢жԹȺĺøиǹһ
Ⱥڰ֣㲻ôлһ־ͺˣѽ㣬Ҹ˵㣬ˣ
ٿϣ΢ȷѾ춨ʤ֣΢Ѿϰˣһ壬ǾȫԸһա
Ӯ˹Ⱥ飬΢ҲЩ˼æȴˣһ̣һֿ϶Ӯ
ˣԺеǻᣬˣϺиոһزĺ裬˵һˣǵҪ˵꣬ȺҪߣ΢͵ſڣȺŤͷ˵Ժʺ㣬˵ģҰƷɹ٣Ʒ̫Сܶ鶼ʩչ꣬Ҵǹٻȥȫʱһټҵİ࣬һϵֻǺ㶼ʸƷ
Ⱥȥˡ
΢óԷʵ⣬ûмĿģ΢Ҳ֪Ⱥʥֿѣô϶ҲʥӰ졣
ϸ룬Ʒɹ٣ȷ
ŵʱ΢ʶղǸŹɮ뿪ķš
һҹȥ˵ڶ죬¶ææµµΪ˰ٵ˵򣬵ףĻҪף
ٵкܶ࣬Ƿޣҽգٽһ󷨻ᡣ
ɳרŵλãȵʱµ޴ĿյѾϯ
ʱڶ޴˿̸񣬱һӴ߳


ٰʮ 
һӺܲ򵥡
΢һۿȥȴǿԷͷҫ۵ķ⣬ֱԽ˵۾ϹȻǿģҲֻ΢ܿ
϶
Ҳֵֻȼķ⡣
ȥͲ̫󣬴һŽ˿ߵķ¡һ߱鴮һЦݣƺѾǰ˰ˡ
΢УλƥеĴڣɽһģƺҪһЩ
⣬Χʮ޺Щ޺ս𣬺ɽսһɱģһǿᣬԣʮ޺Ļ
ΪǷĵ֮һ˵λߣڳķŵӣһһйݴ񣬸зţĲˡ
ͬʥ
Ȼɳ˲ҪôеڻҪеģʱȺͷһ
ɳλΪ٣׼һЩ񣬻ЦɡȺʱ˵
ɳɶˡ̻һ񣬱ʾл
һЩ񣬹һӦЩߵλõһ̨ϣϥ
λûΪ׼磬Ҳûлֻǽ˰ĸ˵һȻͿʼ
⽲õĻ
ɵʿλ𽲷Ҳǿ飬ԷǿһķӣĶڷɵҲͬá
һ΢ĸܵԷԼȻҲýζɵħΪӰȴһѪᡣ
ѪϣȻǸֳһģһ޵Ľ⡣΢ȻзѪᣬԷ֪֮֮٣һ𽲷ȻԺиֳһⲻɵǷ𷨡
΢֪ǷѪĽ˹Ȼв𷨡΢һʱκ֪ϾǺǻ
ĵ˭ǵǧѷĻᣬЩһȺҲȥˣһ˼С
ʱ΢۾һֿһͷкɫҶɮˣԷȺУΧѾǳеɮȣԷȻһࡣ
һĻ΢һ
Χһۣ΢ЩûΧڶŵӵУͷǺɫҶĿ˵١
Ƕɢڸ̬飬Χ˲ͬ
ЩͷкɫҶľʲôˣ΢Ҳһ˲ЩʣΪôЩ˺Χķɮ˶һ
ָоһȺǣһȺУΪۣʱͻ
ΧͻȻ죬ڳĶΪķӺˣĽҲȴϡ
̧ͷȥͿܵϣͬʱĵ̡
̼Ϊأ۶ɢԣĵ̳֮󲻹Ƭ̾ͽϿշա
磿һɮ˴һ˵ڣͻȻҽһΪؿѾһɮ÷צֶ
ɮŤͷɱˣһĲţƺû뵽ʮ׽ʦֵܻͻɱ֡
ͬ鼸ͬһʱ̷΢˶ǾֳҲһƬҡ
΢ɱ˵ɮˣͷкɫҶɮˡ
ΪļʱȫȡɽԴ
̨ϵɫ䣬һţΧЩ޺мȥ׼ԸЩͻȻɱ˵ɮˡ
ڴ˿̣һЦͷȻһ̤һɫ̨
ӣһ㶣񣺡μŷ𡣡
ȻͻȻķڷλߣڶķҲǼæ
ʱȺǲŷⲻǷŷ֮һӦս磬ôܵ
΢һҲǷӦ
䣬Ȼ֪ŷ飬ഫŷǷĵߣڷλҪߡ
˵ŷжǿ΢ֻĸ䶯ֵʸˣС
Ǻŷһɫ£ޱ飬ֻ˵һ仰䣬ѷ߱óɣ
߱
һ⻰ɫ䣬뵽ʲôŵŷ𣬵ܷУػ߱߰ʮ꣬˵߱Ȼѡ
ô˵Ǿܾˣŷֱʵдһ˿м
˫ֺʮ̾˿зŵŷȻˣһɱǼӵӣȻǴǿȡᣬҲְ֪ڣܽ߱㣬Ȼˣŷֺαضѿࡣ


ٰʮ Ұһ
ʱŷЦˡ
䣬콫ȱڿͷȴ֪ôһ˿Ի뿪Ϊ߱㲻ҪԼͰˣΪλҪǧ޹飬˵ǲǼٴȱ
ҡͷȱҲգٴȱҲã຦ȡᣬ֣֮߱޹߻࣬νҲ˭
αŷ룬ȴҪЩ˶ǣȥڵܰģ
̸˿ŷֺοù֮ģûõģ߱㣬㶼»ڣ˵Щңһٽһܰˡ
˵ֵһţƺһԿ͸һκŷû˵ϻԷѾͼ˵ȷ˷ѿˮˡ
䣬벻ķѾĵľ磬ãҿǷ⾵̵ĸͽֶΣڴ֮ǰӦýЩɨȽϺáŷЦЦ󱳺һֺڹԲ
һ˲䣬ͷһͷ·𱻶߶һ
˭óŷҪȡǷ߱飬ŷ֮һȻᱦǺڷķ泪Ƿѡ
ͺɳһλǾ֮һĴɣһĴɷɳһ
֪ԷǾܳﻮˣΧѾյ̣֪һӲȥ
ΪΡ
ӣֻˣһ
Ҫ֪ԷǷŷ֮һͬɳһ˺ͨһ
ˣô죿ֳɽĽʱ򽫹Ⱥ΢˻󣬴ǵıϿԿƵϾ
ΧзҪȥȫɣЩ̷·ǻһ㣬һּΪɱ
Ⱥأҡͷޱ䣬һҪ£ֻϧǳȥһλΪлᣬ̾ߣҪ˼ǣǼǽɣսǿͻΧĻᣬǼĹپͲˣǲ֪»ɳʲô
ȴˣδؾ͵˲ʰĵزڣǷĵ֮һ𷨼ߣΪһڣǺŷδܵóѡһʱ˵
ֻȻ΢ǹȺ鶼ֻ֪һԸ
ķӣֻ֮һһǷ𷨺ʵߵġĶ˭ŷ֮һĺŷ𣬱ȵıֶߣ΢ǹȺ鶼֪ûԲǺŷĶ֡
ʱ΢ȴˣѾΧ벻ãǿϮȻΨһԺǺŷԿģΪ֮ƣֻȫ𣬲ʤֻʱ䣬ߵŷ𲻿ܲ
һ⻰Ⱥ۾һ
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Ȼţβƴһһ
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治ٷһҲʱӦǰ
ȤҲд˵ģֻϧ񶼲ҪʲôˣŷŶǧֻ֣ǷǳƽЦЦһͷһȺԼһ㡣
ӷ𣡡һţɲ֮䣬գǧʿȫУ˶оԣ״̬ѡ
ǿķ𷨣Ȼ鴫ȺоϳԣҲɫ΢ҲһʵȻֱһɡ
ǧҪСһɵĹеʱõġʩչһ𷨣ȻԼӳǧˣʵǲ˼飬̾
˵αƣ㻹ϣҪΪλҪ˷ѷӳˣЦЦѣ£㣬ƫƫҪۣ⾵̸ķ𷨶ǹƨŷЦһոһֺɫգ˿̾Ȼǿʼ仯һͱ仯һ޴ޱȵĺ
졣
޴ѹǳʿɫʵŷ̫
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˲ʱ䣬ҽ
Ƭ֮ǧʿһ롣ɱʿǱǼӡķǣޡ
ģԶΪһЩģҲвٴˡ
ŷɱ̫죬̫ߣ⣬ûܷӦ΢˿Ҳһ㵣ոһ£ҲǾֵƬ֮ٿΧѾʧ٣˶֡
˵ֻǵһȺͼ֮⣬ȫ䡣


ٰʮ Ұ
ΧķҲǲܻ࣬Ϊ
Ͼϣ֪ȴҪ翹ʵ޲ɼҲʡһУ䣬Ϊ㲻ѷ߱ҾҲˣŷЦһɱǰʿȴ۾գһ¡
Ѿ˵ŷҪڶУһץϵȡ¶ʩչ𷨡˲䣬Ȼ󣬷·һ㣬˵档
ûûã˵ˣΪʲôûţԽ̻ͷ⾵˵̻ͨģ۹ӦʣµľǿԽ̻ʱ¹ǲǾȴˣҪ˭ܻڶ䡣ŷ˵꣬һץһӡֱӽ顣
һ̣£֮ˣʮа˾Ŷ廯һѪˮȻ
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΢䣬ɵ䷨ػĲ֮ʹ໺⣬Ҳǻ⡣΢Ϊ⹥ֱǶ꣬Ҳ֪ȥãǿֲķʧ
΢̲סһѪٿΧŵѾ޼
ֻкȣǼҲȫɣԶ⣬ֻʣ˼ΪĸɮȻȫأ˵΢ԼѾǻѪǱǹȺλϵɴ˿ҲɫήңͷҲǳơ
ΣΣͽǧʿɱ˸⡣
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˵꣬Ǿ޴ĺٴκâӿһǧɲ˲·һѹ壬Ȼ飬ʯһжѹ顣
˿̾ϢһȻһƣһƿ죬ŷǾ޴ĺֱӵֵĹ
ΧҴļɮ˿ҲǻķŵУ飬ɱ
һߣ΢͹ȺҲǿ֧ţȻ˶ֵ֪ܵȺʱ΢ĵˣǽɣǾҲôңһ㵲סһι뷨ӷһ£ֻһ£ҲʱΪȥͬűˡ
ȻȺ֪Ҳ⣬˵
΢ش𣬹Ⱥ΢ֵһεĺһ˲ͬһҪ㳹ѹһһ̣ѹ΢ҧٿȺѾɷɻңһɢˡ
Ⱥɡ
ʱֻʣˡ
һһ΢
ȻûŷȻΪ⣬˵ŷ𣬾ҲǼΪ⣬Ҫ֪ղŵһ£˵ѰˣһҲǱɡ
΢ûһйȺıʵǿ򼴱йȺ鱣Ҳܻ
˶ˣ㻹ţʲô˼һα𷴿ˣ·ŷһ鷳ӣһ㣬һָӡ¡ʱ΢һ˷ȡһ֧ʣ˦һĨ
һ˲䣬ŷɫ΢䣬͵ջָָֻϣȻǱƽĨȥһС⡣
Ȼֻһ㣬ȴȻɫ䡣
ң
һΣŷɫŭҪ֪֮ǰƤգɱǧˣһֱЦ⣬һΣŭˣȻһС˸ʲôŭˡ
һֻ΢ҧһڣһҧˣȻǷŭޱȡ
һΣûúһơ
˲ʱ䣬΢ͱһƺȥ𶯣ɽ飬һ޴ޱȣǧɶƿӳڵϡ
ֻһУͽһƬĵη仯ԭӰԭɽҲΪƽأһӣס
ҪȥӶԷʧϢϾͿ϶ЩǿѾˡ

ˣֻʣˣ䣬ٸһѡ񣬳ңȻ벻ĺôŷʱ˵
ɫűɫΪǧ޹ͬ˵Ҳ˭
ŷ𣬷߱Ҳ㣬Ƿػ֮ҷ˵Щֻн٣Զһǲܸ㣬ҪȰŷһ仰ຣޱߣͷǰȰ
ˣ޷˰꣬ͷ˵粻飬ȥˣŷ˵Ҫ֡
һ̣ţͻȻ֮䣬Ȼǿʼ߽飬еķƺһ߱顣
ͻȻΪ۵Ľ⣬ȻǻߵĽ⾹ȻǴ̽硣


ٰʮ ɳ
ȻҼ𣬶ǽ߱αװֳַ飬ߣƻޱȣϧ㵱С˱ŷһһЦȻǻΪ߸ٷɳ׷ߵ⡣
һı飬м£ֻ˭ûע⵽Уһм£Ȼ뵽һ޴ƿӵС
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˴Ȼסʱ䣬Ѿ˲֪ɳǱҲǵõϢ
ɽ죬ͥᡣ
Ϣʱѻȸ
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ôˣôڷ磬һʣ궼ûгˡ
Ȼ˻ϲǡڵɫȻǲ£ϢҲǾȷϵģ£ûһڣ˭ɱĶֻ֪֪˵£һ仰û˵
֪ʲô
͸߼ˣȴһЦݣǲŲܱģصǸ΢ˡ
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ʱһ˵ˡ
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죬ȥòˣһһλòͣȰ衣
㣬ĸ˵ˣǶɹܡŮ˵Ȼȥ
ĸɵܵ΢˿ڷ֪˵¶Ϊƽأûһӳѹ֪ʲô飬˶֪˿϶׶༪١
ȴ£ܲ
УһҪĸ΢һ˺ҵܵܣȫҲضΪ𡣡̬ȼᶨĸ޹
ӦżŶ룬ȴǷ޹֮ڿһˡ
ĸȻڡ
ĸʮ꣬Ǵûгֹ飬ĸһӲ뿪ɹ
ͬһʱ̣統УķУ̧ͷһЦĸݹ٣ɮˡ
վһˣĸΪ˲ϢǷɽ缫ΪңԶĸҪҲֻ軨Ƭʱ䡣
ˣ˷Ӧ֪Ϊ˺£ʵ档ĸƺΪȴΪɷսѷһɳɳҲзĹλģһƷɽƽֻɵ֮£Ҳ˵Ҳɹ٣һһƷɹ١
ֻûȥμӹͥˡ
ͷȻĸʣɮȻӦþʵ棬ʵһҷҳҵѾ𣬲֮ǰԷ𷨼ӳҷ֮߱ϣ֮һ͵ʣµģ¶Ѿúŷȡˡ
һŷĸ֣ĸҲɫ䡣
ǺţɷսǴģɵ۾˵˲ֻǲ
ϾǴĹŷ֮һԺŷķ˵ɱǽӡѣЩֻս磬ϣʱԻеֻû뵽飬Ƕ߷߱еɱ͵ʱڳˡ֪ʱѾˡ˵ϴ֮ɫ
ĸȻ뵽ֽ׶̾˿
ȻŷǷδģĸʡ
׷ҽҲλŷֻǺŷѾս磬󺣣ҵȴϼѣ£Ҳĸɳһ˵
ĸĬƬ̣תߡ
һȻ֪϶ˮǾĸû뵽ˮôȽɳĶʮλɹ٣ʧһ㹻÷ʹˡ
ȻʱҲֻôֻǿϧЩɹ٣Ǹ΢
ɳĳ֮¼̾ʹ˳ȥ΢ϵܺõξٺɽ˵Ȼ𾪲ѣš


پʮ ˮ
ô᣿΢ĵˣӲɣҶĶ֣ôܻᡭξٺɽۺһԶҲһ֮ǰѾǽ֮ͻȻϢȻǲܽܡ
Ⱥȴ˶һɣ˵Ⱥ飬֪жٷޣǷӾĸ־ϰ٣⻹㣬֪ʲôΪǺ͹麣˶Ƕʤһ΢⣿ڴ˿һɫһʼҲǺξٺɽһ뷨ֻ֪ͬСɣԲ΢һܽģ˵΢ԼȥҲһ
ˣҺͶҪȥ磬ȥ΢һξٺɽ˵
ҡͷȥҲûã˵ֵ˰·Բʮﶼƽˣǧʿôûˣ¾һҲδȥʲôãģɳưոݣǸưոݣ΢ǵֵҪҪʬ
ԺϢʱԺɵˡ
ƭ˵İɣִôܡ
ܣ϶ȥ̽һϢ
ȷˣô̽ӡ
һ˲䣬ԺǱޱȣǿɶ޵ϡﻩરવµȰȰס
ʥԺҦʥһ춼ڰ̾ʥҲվڴǰ֣һվǰ졣
Ϣ֮󣬵һʱЦֻûüЦͻȻоһʹ
£һ㵣ץؿڣһɱɫӳ͸ʹֱݡ
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ڿޣ
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ԣ˫ڿޣֻҶ̶ʮļ䣬ֻǵĸһΣΪʲôҪΪһе˿
Ȼô˵ᾹȻֹֹסʱһչһᣬʩչֶΣɲ֮ʥԺг
ڿޣǲ˿ֱʩչֶΣ˽˽ͨ˽硣
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֪ԼʳʥѧԺ֮󣬾ûٻعأȻ΢ŵġ
ûлɽʥԺס˫ļҲԼļǬǳˣ⡣
һ죬ǶסڼѾһֲǺ˫ֽƺʼʧ߿ʼںϡ
ڵʱһˣһ˾Цˡ
Էյĺѣ
˫صù˵̸֮һ䡰㡱ֽصǰأǸʱһĽ΢Ů΢ó޻̸ĺѡ
ǰҹҹ˵飬˶ǰͬˡ
һѾܶһ֣һѾ֮ʥ֮


پʮһ »Ȫ
ҲǵǸСŮܸо˫Ĳͬ
һ΢ãһǵĽ΢Ů仰΢Ҳһ
һ̸΢ǣҲ˫̾ͻо絶һ㡣ԣʱ㣬֤֮ǰ缲ǲҲٷˣ
˫һһ㶣֪ô¡Ƿ˵ʱ岻ãеʱ»о̹ǣʹιȥ
缲Ҳֻ֪Ϊʥ֮缲Ѿô˵ڶʥ֮֮
ڲٷˣҼǵһ۵˹ȥʱүүߣչҹ˫ʱ˵һȴһ˼
ʵչ㣡ҲǸʱżҲ֪ô죬ԾͰүˣʵչ㡣үʱ˵庮СҪůҲ֪үŪһҩ֮ҩֻ֭ҩɴСǸʱүʣү壬ûôϢϻҪȥǸʱҶЩ֮㣬үû˵
ʲô˫ɴ۾ָץ·Ϊ˫ţЦİʱС֪ǹȥˣүɳΪ٣Ҳɽ磬ʱʱүңүһ涼ѣүҲˡ
΢
꣬ȻչԼ죬ƺ˫һ糾ǰȥҩҩȻҩ
ˣʱԼʱСȷһҩɴ¡ů˫һֱûǣԭġ
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Ǹʱ򣬻Ե˫ƺܻһ˵æǰæ֪˭ˡ
һ̣˫ʶͻȻѹǣߺ϶Ϊһٲֱ˴ˡ
ҶʲôҾȻȥԸִ硣˫һ̣ڲ˿ǳ׵ˣҲã˫Ҳգһˣֱ˴ˣֻҪľͺá
лᣬ˫ȻֲһС
ûлˡ
˫ҧ촽Ŭ޳ỹǻѪһ
㣬ôˣ˫쳣żʵ
ִ֡磬˫¶ں޺ͱһӿͷѾʥ֮𣬵һ̣ǿ޵һӡ
Ҳסˣȵ˫һһʮ֮󣬰Ϊǵļ䣬΢Ե飬΢ȥ֮¶˳
£Ӧ
㣬үġɫ԰ףɴ۾ʵʱ˫й֮ǿѹеıˣ龹Ȼǻָǵı䡣
һοԿóеɱ⡣
Ϣм٣һһǶˣҲǱΪƽأûһڣִΪ˫ĵ˵Ϊǿ䣬֪ǶȻ˸ǿĵˡ˫ᣬƽĿã㻹ˣ´Ԫ¶ʹģ˭ִ磬жǿλжߣ˫ģ»ȪҪִĳУΪִ籨𡣡
㣡ע⵽˫һ侲˺£еľ˴һɺ⡣
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˫һߣҲ׷ֱʱŻع뵽΢Ҳ۴ޡ
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֮٣ڶǿ޵ʱ


پʮ ޽ɱ
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·ĵӼһͣе飬ڵĴԪѾĶţһٳƵڡīɽںͺո󣬳Ϊŵһ
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뵽˿Ѿ׵侲ٽ봿Ԫ˽ȨɵȼԪĺĲ
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һԸԸŷ棬ͷͰˣҡͷֱӰԴһʮ߸ˣڣֻһ˵ͷʣµʮȫͷء
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Ķˡ
һʮǮܶһģֻǸһ˾ʮǮãΪɶȥ


پʮ 
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⵶һ㣬ʵϷǳľƾһֵնħڻ£ˣΪﵽأ٣ɱ١
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ĺ棬뿳㣡һСԼĻȻǸʮǮҸȥҪȸҡ
аɣٶΣĵ˵ͷʮͭ˷գȻǰ·ŷˡ
һˣһ£׳˶һüͷһͷͷƤϵĽ̶ܿ
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ٺһЦգү˺ڵĺܣڳԺڣ߰ɣˣһʱˡ
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ո˺棬һ·УСУɽ£ƹһСϪȻǰһ
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տһ۾֪ˣˣ
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ͷϻҲ˵֪ءǰϻ˵̵үҶүûкöǾͷûдԼѶү
ͷǸü̽İڵϴ򿪣¶Ķ
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棬ȻһЩ⣬ܵķһЩӣһЩݵ解һЩѰ֣Ƿ
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Ǻöң϶ǴһЩŪġ
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ͷɫүһӣͳˣõ㻢ү㶫ףүɲֵܿܰ
Ҳû취ͷ㲻ˣ㿴ңôֵҪһӣǲȥұˡүЦЦʹһݣ֪ΧЩ˲࣬ͷԼҲûбѡ
ͷҲһƢµǾˣʰߡ
ȻҪߡ
һ»үɫЩѿˣͷȻһףȫǲӰ
»үЦһ֡
ܿ죬ֳĸˣ·
ͷҿ治أһүĶĸߣһ仰ǮϽߣҪʶ̧١үһԶӡ
ͷɫһڣû뵽⻢үȻôˣȽߵֻȻüδô˵Ķ֡Ťͷ˿ü߳ҡҡͷ˼Ѿԡ


پʮ ʮһͷ
ҲˣԷֻˣǿԲһжʮˣǾͲŪˡ
ͷ׼˵ʱ򣬷ͻȻһͷʮǮ
ͷˣһʼûӦʲô˼Ӧ죬ʲô˼۾һӾˣСҸʮģҪҳ
û˵꣬վЩ͵Ķˡ
ŵĲѾջ̤أȻש̤һĽӡһ̣ͬһ㣬뻢үǰ˵С
䣬ү˻ûӦͱ񵶿ڲϡ
⻢үҲ֣壬ҲŵĽ񹦣˵Ѱĵ˵Ƥ̲ơ
Ƿһʮ㣬Ǵǿӳ֣һ¾Ϳȥ磬үӶϣǵڶһһ
ģǿйͷѵ졣
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Բɱ˿ԣɱ˵Щַջ򲻹
Ψһѡ
вٷߵʱû£֪϶ȫǮҲʡİһĶ
Եһʱ䣬վܻ类ѹεĸɸɾ
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Էҹ¡
˵ڶŸϵ˲·;ۣһЩɵۣֻһƪ޴ޱȵƽأǱӲһɾ
ҲһЩķ棬ѹε类ѹһգʲôûˣһһ
ɥķղаĿͶǸ޴ɲӡ


پʮ 
źԶľ룬Щӵĳߴ磬˲֪ӹǳȣǾͳɡ
ղ֮һڿиԲ֪ӵ״Ƿ䴫ţǺӡ
һܽô޴£ղţûм棬ʵ̫˼ĸһλɮֻһ«έ˶ͽٶɽɱ˸ƬײȻҲù𷨣֣ѤԵ
Ǹ֣վǿɮ϶ѾǷӾ磬ԼҲⱾ£ֺʦֵǾͲᱻԴ
ǰӣվÿ϶ȻγɵģǺͽ֮ô˵ֻΪŻ˶ѡ
ղţһš
ôŵ飬ԼĲ񵶡
ʲôûҵ˵кöȻһʼ̽ͷȥֻܿ޴ޱȣںһƬе㲻£ùġ뵽ͷǵ⣬ŪͿԻһӣ˽ӣԼһġ
һ׳ŵȥƣһҵĻȥӣѡ񷽺պ׾ѡǰߡ
ӣټʹ࣬ڿ񣬿һҲ׬˼Ǯֻ򼸸ӡǣԼѾƽɱˣȻˣΪʲôܳһ⣿˾Ǿ䣬ԼǲӦԣУŮˡ
ˣԽ뷽վԼԽǷַ꣬ѻ⣬ǰҲʹˡ
뵽ս·˽Ĳ񵶷źãȻһȽϺȥĵطȥ
ûǮӣôĿӣҲ֪ʲôطӿ϶ҲԼȥ
µıԵкܶ͹𣬻һЩ¶棬ЩԽҷµĺɽмŹͽȥժӳԣı
һվʮף̧ͷ죬ٿΧĻԽĿ϶ⲻǱһƴģôܣ˭һƴӣһ£Ϳһӡ
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ղһʱˡ
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ΧұڣѾûӿŵʪζ滹ǺںģƺԿײ
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ʱע⵽һģǼڹŹֵ٣ЩΧкܶ࣬ݺύԼץŵľһ١
һղǸұѷðĴԷ϶һԷԴ
ץ٣һһ䣬ұͻʯͷ٣һײ
ұں͵Ĳһ⻬ڻ֮ȴһ泬ʮĵطˣ˵ӦǴݲŶԣ෴дУȻǳ˸ֲ
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˾ô㿴ҿ㣬Ƭ̣ӰͻȻǰ˼տˣԷȻһֻӡ
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ǺӾȻһֱվţŹֵǣһΪֹ죬ӾͺӣװҲˣʱʱҡβͣչ¶˺ӵ̬
ڷҪҪΪǿʱǺӾȻǿԵͷģ


پʮ 
һԣ죬˵϶Լ񣬲УΪǿ
뵽˫Էɷܳߣգ۾͵ǺĽǰ̧־һ
ϰһܿһӣﲱжӲ
ǺӶֻ͵̧첲ҪЦѪ֮ܵסԼһʱӵֱһ鿳
һ̣Ĳ񵶿˺Ӹ첲ϣȻһ죬ͬһֻоƱۣĲ񵶲һֶ
ٿǺӵĸ첲ϣûпơ
˵һȫǱӵһסˣôܣȫӵסоĪϴ·ǱǷ
пܣһľ˵ǧ𲻻ı𿴺һ·ò¾ޱȣ˵һֵǵķ
ֹ˼ͻȻоһɴϮϸһԭǺĳӽ񵶵о͵һеĲ񵶾ֶӳ
Ҳҵʱֻ֣ȭšһ̧̤־һȭţǴʵˣտ϶ӵԴǰ³ԵǸһһء
һץͽյסͬǯӼסһãҺ΢һվ͸оҪ顣
ˣ
ǰˣһܵ˵ĳס
ӱȷĻҪֱܶ࣬ʱ򣬷ղ֪ԼӲ̫Զ
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·յͷһЦ¶Ȼǰ
ǰľïܣһôʮɣɡһ㣬ϸһԭе٣ȻǴϳġ
һ˶ߣ澹Ȼһˡ
ϥһ̬Ȼûʲô棬ó˱ȺˣҲԶԶҲֻеǸɮܺ˵Ϣһϳ̡
ˣӼΪһշſȻǰ
ʦͽһˣģһͿңͽµ޳ɣӳ˵ǵ⡣
µ
պ˵ǵֶΣͷŵĲһĪǣӻˣǵˣ
Ҫ֪ڷҲеŵʿ٣˵ԶԶĵطԵΪֻ˵Խһ궼߲Ǹط֮Զúܡ
ʱǸ۾˷һֻۣһۣվͷ·ˮһ飬亹ֱűʲôݺݴһ£Ƭ̵ѣΣһҡվȻǽһһƨڵϡ
ԭˣһȻƺ֪ʲôѹʲôûʡյȻ֪Է鷳ҲѣֱӶһֽѻ֪֮һ˲ߣȻǲҪٿѯʡ
ջ֪Լѻֻ꣬ǸоͷĿѣ̱
ʱ˵
ǰڷңѾһ꣬Ҫ֪΢ҲǺܶģһֱ˷ʱ䡣
ʲôУԲУʲôϵƾʲôҪܡ˵ˣҲܡ
Ѿһ˹ȥѻ֮ǶϷܼôѾܿɹˡ
ʦιȥˡʱܹС˵ߣûеȪˮһ㣬Ǿôˣá
ӵͷֱ߷ա
ˣʱŤͷһյС͵ƣĵƻѾСƶʱϨ𣬶СƶУƺһϥ
΢ͭ͵ϵС𣬱
һǮһѣ΢ŷһƴص»һҲǱɣ΢֤ͬˣһֻȴûд
Ȼ΢ûҲΪľ챦
һ֮ǿ΢ɢļʱ΢Լ֪ԼţֱŷľԼǳ֮ԼڵϢҪȻôܶһΪ֪
Ϊʲôһʱ䲻뿪ȴǺйء


پʮ Ҳ˭
ʱصһǰ΢ŷصסʱ򣬾ĵУ֮ȡΧ΢һ΢֪Լǽٺ
ںŷһ֮»ŵͨˣ΢ǵһ
΢һʱ뿪ͨɳǺŷδܵеùɳɣһΧ
Ⱥ˺Щ˲ܰɳԼҪ
΢׼Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬷Լ߾Ȼһյͭ͵ƣ͵ƴСȼһ磬洫˳
ԣ΢º΢֪òͭ͵ƾȻǷ֮߱һơ˵ǷʱΪ֮߱ס
Ҳӣںŷʱ֪϶Ƕ֣Կʼ뷨ӡ𱦣һӣķ͵һ⡮ơȵŷķߣ͵͵ƻһ˿ӡӵС
ܲضãû뵽滹и΢
΢ԼƣĻ˵һȥ̾ͻᱻŷԶԷΪգܸ֮
Ϊס΢Ǵڷ𷨣ŵô֮뾡ôΪķܿͻȼһϨ𣬺ŷֻ̾ܲ΢һ£Ҫúŷõơ
Ҫô˵Щеʱαҽƽǵķ棬ȴǹⲻ˵ֻ˵úŷõֱǷϻ¶ͷһ¶ͷͻᱻŷһ뷨ѹƷϢ𣬻þ͵Ƿ˵ͼʲôһʱ΢дһ˿ѾϤĺܣ˵ҲǺ⡣
еϰ߳Ȼ˵ҲУҲҪԣֻ˵һ߷˵԰ǡ΢ҽһķ𷨣ɽ˵֤ˣõĺôԹ֤ɷ֮Ŀǲ࣬ҷ𷨶ϵкô㿼ǿǣ㽫ͻ棬ȻлֶΪдķ˵΢һҡͷǰɣŷж㲻ǲ֪ϴûѾǽеĽңΪǱˣֻһ˿ǽһ𷨣Ŀֻ޳ķάϵƣƲ𣬺ŷҲǷ֮߱ף̸ףȫΪǶǺ̻ܱϣǿ֮ûУôŪУԲС
΢㲻ǻ̺ôʵԼҲף϶ҪңΪģæкôһҲҪģŷҲгʵǷŷ֣֮ȺĪҪһǰżȻֻͿʼɷĵͷ𷨣Ϊ·ػӣĴ֣ΪѴһͨɡľ裬ֻҪ·Сһ㣬͵һ㣬˭˵㣿ҷҪľҲú˵ϻһ仰£ҰɣΪңΪԼ㶼Ҫɡ˵꣬һȻпݽߵļ
΢һȻ֪һάֲ˶ãĵһ컹Щ֪롣
һʱ䣬ֻһյϵ𣬻ǺţޱͨҲޱ˵Ѿֿѡ΢жг𱨳ϤĽԼ𷨣˵ûһ˿ȻΪԼǼ£Լվǵ˺ô
ЩӣҪ֤ҲָտɴһԼħȫˣж붼뵽һϵǱȻ˾µһˣʱ͵ԼǾ˰ա
˵ûһλԵȻǵòڷĻ΢зѪᣬҪ̤żҲϼѣ˵Ҫ֤ˡҪ֪ɷ⣬䲻ħˮݣͬˣԹҲ֮٣΢ܴ˵ĻԵ
Ȼ΢имô˵ҲֻǾ£޾ôһαʵûʲô÷ϵġ
ϵĵƻְһЩ΢Ѿףһ˿ҲǴ޽
ʱ΢Ҳ̾˿ǰǺοࣿƣЩ㹻꣬ķ𷨣ҪҲпܵġ
ѣЦνҲ˭£Թ޻ڡ


پʮ ΢
΢ҷľһɫɫʱмķ÷ƼȼգƱмûк˵Ǻл۸ҷԵ
˵꣬ƻѾС΢ɼ΢ɫȻȴЦ˵ˣЩ·һЩϣʲôƨ۸סңǰģ΢Ӧˡ
Ǿͺã΢أ
漴ʧ٣ǵƻ˲ɫ΢֪ķѾȼմɢæǴԼķ÷Ƶɫָɫ
΢֪ԼһȲ𣬺ڷгɣԭҲǻָѾҪ
𣬼Ǽ΢ҲǴܴ
һߵʱ򣬾ȻֻԼһڣʵǲ˼顣һʱ䣬΢Ȼ֪ж˵ɳôˣʤҲָ
ϰ߶ͽ̻壬ͻȻһûˣ΢ҲЩӦ
ֻϧΪάַƣ΢еΪάַȼգ΢ڲܶԼΪֶΡ
ͬ˵΢ʵ˾
£һΪһΪһΪ
ĸ΢ɣΪˣ΢Žô౾£ȻӲôҲ΢һ㣬һҪص㡣
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ӣ΢һٻֻǸ΢񣺡ʦڡ
Ǹóȥˣǵǰôģ΢˵һǸ˵ץȥˣ΢Ҳֻ°м䣬ͷա
ڣڿԳȥˡ
ºӼץæȥ׼΢нһӾһ
һĸ˶ŵǿյģй̶Ķ΢ȡȻ󽫷Ʒ룬Ȼȡһڷϡ
һ̣ʧ٣ƹ֮£ԿŵֽϣȻŻһɽˮճ⾳
΢ֱʣҲ˵һɶõķôƣ˫ա
ʦղǸôʱʵ
΢һա
ˣ΢ʣӵͷ΢
ܿ죬ӾͰѷ˹ʱ򿴵΢ϴž⣬а֪ôգ϶Ͳˡ
㵶ϤΧңһ٣ܱ΢һ仰˷յġ
ĺܼ򵥣ҪԼòô鷳ҶԷһֻӶ̣ܽΪʲôܽԼ
ԷմӦˣҴӦʮָɴࡣ
һʱԺһӡ΢ҶһĻû⡣
һ࣬΢֮󣬾Ȼֻĸо
µľַ΢վãƺһǰľ󣬿ȺһһıŷɱԼȴǺް취һƣûһĻ֮
Ҳô˵΢ʵϻ˺ŷ
м΢ûиʦԸŷǽԷϻһ˿ڡ
΢ƴΪʦޱųɹһ˿ڿ˵ֵһᣬ΢ȴ˵õ˺ŷһѪ
ѪȾԼĻʦϣʱ΢ͽȡħ˻Ѫ񹦡Ȼ΢õ˺ܴĺôΪ˺ܶ࣬һؾ˷Ѫᡣ
ǷѪ˿Ѿһ̨ΪˣټԼ΢ô
֮΢ûͣ̾ߡ
ڷƾ΢֪ͨȴףΪסĵطɽƣ΢ڵֶΣܽ룿˵ΪǷƲ𣬿϶㾡ȫɱģһɾ裬÷ˣǺŷ̻
ºѰ죬Ҫ˵ףҲס
ֻҪҵһȻߵݣܴΨһǣǵҵһĵط
ͨյļ䣬΢֪ŷͽȥ켺ֻҪǹߺͷйصĵطܵϴǷᱻ飬˶ɱ⡣
ĪǺŷΪ֮
ԼµС
ڷյĴ·£΢һ·ϲУ˺üһ⣬ȫ٣񱻴ƵӱգȫһƬ档
ڵ΢жֻ·һһҡ


پʮ ƣһ
ºڷߣɽС·ϣ΢һյǰ棬Ӵһĸں档
һǰܹˣŲ񵶵ķա
ʦǰһΧʮ¶û˼ˣֻｫһˡն΢ʮֹΪ΢һٷΪǰ죬ʽʦͺһѧϰ
ԣӳʦ֡ԭ̽·Ǻģһϲ׶˻ϲ֣ʦһ仰վֻԼȥܡ
ûһ㲻⣬⼸ı¿˵ͻͽһ㣬˵һϵɮˣͿΪ֣Ϊĸˡ
Ϊ˻ţΪ˳ԷΪѧ±΢Ϊ˽°ףҹάַƿɲ˭ܸɵ飬һɽ󲿷ֵûʩչСԤϵˣԽӽ̳һֻ֣Ҫµ͵һЩһСкڣԽ
ȥļʱ䣬΢˺ܶԺֻϧȫˣմ̽Χܶǿȫͽϴһ飬Ժһķ޶Ҳ
ˣ󲿷ֶͨˣҲһЩޣָϣǴҽˡʵϣһЩӣֻҪЩӴˡ
Ȼڱ΢ĻҪҡ
֪Ķ࣬һʱ羭ʲô΢ҲЩֻ֪ͨԭԺûˣȡ֮ŷԺΪˣ΢·ǳ͵Щͽ϶Ǻ¡
ΪҪ󲿷Ϊάַƣ΢ܼƷУһ˫һ߶Զ˵˷Ϥĵؽ磬һһһһĨڡ
΢ҲڷĪҪһزܳȥƽ棿
ӿ϶Ƕˣһ·϶һֱڽУ·һЩҰҲܽĶҲ࣬΢ֻ֪ߵϢɡ
һͿ˷˵
ǰ϶ƣҹģСשΧǽԺӣǷԱ߻зãңסʮӦû⡣
ڻķˡ
Χǽһ룬һ紵ܼɹѾǲӣľͷ࣬һ̦
ǰһãԵķúңҲõá
ԿλķѾǱҵϡãԴûˣһ
ãҲһЩݣƽҲޡ
⼸΢ǶǷ¶ޣȻҲںʱϢһ¾㹻ˡ
մһЩɲţܳȥһˣͶ˼ֻҰһֻãץı£˭Ȳӡ
΢һۣˣ
ǻϲأͷһëƤ֦˿ڻϣһŵζ
ʦȳԣȻҰδܶأѾˮסȸ΢ݹȥһֻ
΢Ҳͳԣ֮壬ƽȻҪЩʳҪʱ޿άַƣļ󣬳һܲ΢Ҳܾ
˷ǲǲӦó֮ģ΢ѹû
ǺƤգɱ˼ǧˣŪķ֮սҪ˵䣬Լɿ˼ҶԳƷˣԣһЩν飬ôʲô
Ȼ΢Ҳ֪ķǲԻʳģκ鶼ԣԸⱻɱ˵Ŀ֮ʳǴԹ˻մȾԹһȻǲ޳
΢һԣǱߺӺͷҲʼʱ΢жһҲˣ󷽺ղ
¹֮£߽ʮŵɷһĺӣмżڿڴƺˡ
ЩһɽĿ֮󿴵ˣĿɫƵĿ
Դͼֲֵ΢ѹЩɽԹԵĳš
磬ƣˣһ·ĺӣĽҰ룬϶ʲôöǸӿȥаúܣΪֹһòְɣǱһɽŵСһ׳˵
׳Щ˵ͷ죬Ҳɱ飬ĺǲ鷳ͨǶ˵ȥͿˣ˵һôܳһٿ⣬ʵϣǿǸŹֵĺһĺӣҲͶˡǸӣԥһ¡
ˣҲ˵ˣǺӿȥаúܣҪǣȿӲǾ͸߸·װӵķ򣬾ɱˣʡİۡɽͷСԸһ䣬ʮɽᣬûп΢ˣһϢ


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С㹻ˡ
źڲڴɽϵ˷£Ȼ󳶿ڴ¶˼Ůˡ
ʮѾͷֱţҲŶǵŴ۾һľ֡óƤۣģεĹҲũҵĹŮũҹŮҪµظɻƤôףҲһӶûУ϶Ǵ˼ҵĹŮ
ͷȥֵŪҰζæһ죬ҶӣɽͷӶһ·Ըߵͷŵ˾˳ȥ
ڼ䣬Щɽ۾һֱ΢ˣ뿴˺һֻʲô·ʧǣԷԼЩ˿ȷе˵Ǹһ˺ͺӿһֻۣһʱʱɨۡ
һȥǼ󻧼ңǰǵĹŮˣϼӣԴڵǰˣҵҲϣͷ˲ŻһסãЩͽǣǰЩµͺͷͽɱ˾⣬ֵܴչͼʱ򣬺úøɣ˲˵һ꣬ǳٸǶҼﵱšɽͷȻܻģ֪ŵô˲Żظɡ
磬ֵܱ˺üˣϴγŮ˵ζʲôʱ⼸˼ҵŮְۣƤͺĨһ磬ֵˣˣһаɽʱչ
ɽͷһֱһƺȥ
žһɽڵϣ໺ۡ
ˣһһеĹأƱܶһͷУûҲǣֱɱˣƱǰƱֻΪǮܸɱģȻͳˣǱûţǮԼȥŮΡɽͷ˵
óɽͷӺǱһƴڵϵ˸æͷٶ˵
һɽżֻԱȲϺץģʮˣ϶ǲԡ
ʱ洫ҹèӽеɽͷһʵͷȥļҵĴү
ͷæɤҲ˼
һ˵ԭ̽ɽĺشүˡ
߽һˣ֮ǰɽһҲ֣ĿĵմѪ˵żѪܵͷ
ҵԳƴүɽͷһˣҲƤһ
ͷһˣ޸֮ȴһĺͽ쳯ȦҲǺպ˸ǵĴڡ
ԭܼ򵥣ɽƱ٣عأ˸Ǯ϶ᶯˣ֪شүˣ϶ʵʵǮˣΪܼ򵥣Ǯ˿϶û£Ǯ˿϶ˡ
ΪйأԺشүˣ϶Ǯ
һԷǮɱˣɱƱˣɱǮˣ˽Ծǻȳ棬֮أݲ
ôصˣе϶ãûӣ˭ֵµҲǸ֣ɽҲǡ
ΪеʱͬжҲɱˣǰ˵ɽͷһ˾ͱɱ˸⣬Ҳߡ
ԿˣǿѾǴʮֵСģ´ƣӷһ㡣
һͺȤ˿ЦǺǣҲǱĺܽһԲϾͻˡ
ǼѾͷƱоղԣŵڽ䣬Ҷ
һ˵ȷҪϢһ£̫ȻŲôɣʱƫƫʱôĵطպһ飿˭أǲͼƻҪڳԺڣ
ǲǣ
˻սŵʱͻȻһ͵һ֣԰ΪҪɵܣȥδ߳ȥͷȥһ£һ϶˵ĺãϢҲͨҪǣ˲ܣ벻ⲻƵĵӣ˵һЩ񣬺ãӺá
ܴ󣬺ͻȻͺһȵǷӦһŭ֮ɫ
شүЩˣɫƣӣǴɱˡ
Цûϵ·˶ѣ
ǾͺãЦЦΪ֮ô£һ֣Զôӣľĺ


٩һ Ӻ
ǰǽ齳粻ʢλߣȴﶼһ
˼ܼ򵥣˶
˵ʱźӶˡϦģͷ·ȾѪһżصҵʱ򣬿ƽʱԷϣͷ
źӵͷһһСҰף۾ţſڽС
ŵôУˣǴޡ
ͷһϡ
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Ǳͷûٿޣ˫񣬾Ƕ˻һɽģ֪˴Ҳӿʼҷ
ﱾҲûʲôöȥ顣ɽȻջѣɱйߡ
ֻǻͷһͿվǺ棬ﻹһѺϸĳ
һսߣеĳߣв඼ָôеĻҪ
ĳָֻҲɽЦһҪ֡ٶȸ죬һɽĿھ͸˸ͨ͸˻ûѾ͸ˡ
Ƕ˲٣Ҳһ֡鲻ǣлнҪĽʬгʫǴӡʫвĸ
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Ǹʱо˺ޣǴѧߵģڣ⸽ͷ׵ġ
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ܿ죬˸ƣ̾˾ͽ΢Χ
ղ˵Ȼ΢ΧЩ΢΢΢һЦǼ⣬ѾץŲ񵶣ֻҪ΢һ£ͻ˳ȥɱˡ
Ҳ˺ӣöԷǹŪ飬ĿһǣⲻˣϷˣΪӴѾܻˣֱǿЦ
ǰҲˣһСϷթˣթԼͷϣôȥƨҲ¡
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һԱǸ˸ü𵶣ֵ뱻ն䣬ҽ𣬲ֻƬ̾ȻֹΪԴûˡ
֣ͫһо˵ĵ󿪴ϣŴҪ֪ĺ˶࣬ĸȴǺ١ɽͷӺҲֻеİʽǰò񵶵ģܵסԼʮС
ʮкԼӮ
һʱġʫҲ˾磬ԷʵΣͿղǼѾ㹻
ȵɱ˵ˣʫ͵Ĵܳͬ߳һֹȵгѾ̳ʮ˽˶ڡ
ˣ΢ҲΪĿ벻ԷȻһ֣⽣Щá
ۣղĶ֣ҷսӴʱ̫ǳ˵ʤ㡣
ӣ˾ͱɱˡ΢˵һ䣬ȫȫĿһյ
˵Ļǲģ΢Ļʲô
һ̣ӿԾٶȿ磬һץͽպץס͵һͽ˦ں档
ʮ˽Ǳ仯һ£ȫӡ
һһײĴ죬һԷʮ˽ȫ
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Σɱ󡣡Ȼ𾪣Ҳ˺ݣʩչ̳һһϴһɺ嫵Ϣͬӳ˽һ㡣
Ȼղſ칥ʮ˽Ȼռһ֣ѣһȻֻһԶ
ϧԵǺӣ΢Խ̳ģô򵥣
̫һצʩչŵһֻ̣оеĳͻȻ̩ɽŶѾ˵ʩչˡͬʱоһɴȻĲȣԷһץס
ͺҲУȻͱܣΧľǸոӿԣѾǺˣӾ֡


٩ ռɽΪ
²ɽŵþҪܣ΢һ仰˶ͣ
΢Ļܼ򵥣Ǻ˵˵Ϊ磬
һ˭ܳȥ
ǶɵǸò񵶵ģټ֣ɱ˶ԣǺҲȥĽ˻
һأҲܿԷǲڿЦ˵ǸõǶԷͷ죬Ҳϴ˿͸ʣԷûڿЦ˭ܳȥˣ˽磬ɱˡ
ղǸò񵶵ѾˣӼֱͿľͷ࣬һɺݾη
챻ıˣ΢úӷ˵Ѿˡ
΢ʱ˿Щˣǲ˾ɽܺãҪռɽΪһ£ǲǿҪҪҡˣǺúÿ˲ϲǿȱϲ飬ԿԸ⳼ңҲΪǡ
˵꣬΢ĵƺжÿƵġ
ʱѻȸڿǣûһ˵ǲԸ⳼ҪԼ뿪֮໰
΢ҲżͰĵţ·ĵǵһû·ĻƻŮһ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼǵһ̬ġ
λүԸ⳼
Ҫ֪ղſֵˣɱˣ˭뵽ֻƬʱת̬Ը⳼
ǿ΢ĲҲȫΪܵţֻ΢˵һһףһԷɱô죿ԼȻҪԷβһܸԷһӡ
ò˵˾תĿ죬ǱߺϴʱûзӦأѾռȻ
΢ҲΪĿһۣ΢ڶοԷ΢һ֮ģҳдô˵Ŀǰ˵Լȱ¡
ܰ£
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ʱŷӦô⣬ΪĿǰ˵ΨһһѡȻҲΪǲӦ϶ɱڡ
ˣȻӦһ㣬ҿȥǴϴ֣γ̶ȵҳ϶ȶӦòͣ΢Ȼ߲ܡȻո֪ԼĿǰҪĲһֱ·ٽݾҵһİ취
΢ҵİ취ʱһԼ⣬ʱоơ
ȻǷ֮߱ף涼ɱض֮Ȼ϶ʲôܡûн˵΢ҲϾԼǷˣ˵ֻǷ֪ġ
һҲоļֵ
֮⣬ռɽΪΪܻһôǾǿԡԶ΢һ·֪˶ٴССܣ˵һѹܷ˽ļ࣬Ҳã΢ٲҪǡһ㣬ֻҪͷôԼԽԼ鱨磬ʱˡֻ߹ЩɷޣԼƿأ߿Զǿɮһ߼ǧ͵Ҫǿ
˼һ·΢Ը⣬ٽݾռɽΪĵӡ
ûã΢ڲҴƱ˵оϣ΢ҲҪʱ䡣ɳǱߣ΢ȻżҪԼ״ѾһˣٵһʱҲûʲô
ȻЩ˻ԶԶ΢ǰͼֵ˵ɽֻǸ𲽡
ǸȻһ㣬ҲɴãĲ˵ǶԷعصԸ񣬾ֵöԷһЩҪ顣
֣Ҳжʮˣ࣬Ҳ٣ʣµģѡһɽͷݵ㡣
Ҫ£һǮ
΢룬֣ͺ˹
⣬ĸȽ׬΢ֱ⣬ͺҲ֪ôش룬үҾȽ׬ǳԭԱ棬ƱɱˣҲܹɱˣȻ˿Ǯɱ˹ùǮһΣǮܻ㡣
һԺҡͷضˣ׬һһʣҪ˵ȻǰƱҪǮӾǵһλģǮͷˣ´˾ͻϺܶ࣬Ͽͻеʱð󣬵ŵʱ˼Ѿ׼ˣǲɻǮȻһ㣬־á
΢˿Ǽͷֿ˿ƱҡҡͷҪ˵ǲСС֣Щ˼ҾǼЩҵףмǮɱˣǳ˹ӻƵãֻǰƱҲ˼Զáǣ˭Ǯ
ԣҡͷ֪Ҫܶ࣬´ңԺ𣬿϶ǮԺǱǲԾֻʣǵͬˡ


٩ ս
΢ԼͺһҲ˲ţһǶıֶΣһأ
׺һ㣬ûһ㱾µˣ׶ײбµ˲ʸס
΢ǣһͷͷôƺº΢һǽСүҪǡҵġӴкüҵģǾͷִ󵱼ңңԴơҲԽСүү֮ġ
һĵҲкܶ࣬΢ѧĿֻһ죬׳ƣܲһЩ޽ħоơ
֮ǰһ꣬Ȼߣдķ΢ֻܿ΢ȻҪоһųƷ֮߱׵ıʲô֮
²һģ΢Ҫһȶĳ
žš
շͺֻǵһ˵ڶ죬˵ǼƱļ𣬼ӣȻ٣ɽգһǮûܰꡣ
ڣûȥҤˣŮˣҲܺԺȣǮ΢ͳһԷ飬ˣȽϺʡ
ͺ΢Ƚϴɽկͷѣ΢ЩСС֣ռһط˵
ûлȨȻҲûź;ӹϽôһң˵ˣӣͿԹϽΧһƬ
еˣΪ
ﲻʮأһ£һʮ˵СɽկΧȽϴһѣˮܴ
΢˵ҪڳԺڣռ̣Ӧõһ֡
΢һۣöԷľһû΢ֱֵһᣬһˣһˣҪ΢ȫάַƣݵأɽŲӣʲô
Ǳ΢סˣֻ飬æ󵱼ң˵Ҳһ˽ģ֮ǰԹԡ
΢˵ͷķӦǶԷҲã˵͵úӴ
ȻˣǾȰ´΢ʲôûʣֱϡ
֪˻ôһçͷʲôԴ磬һ֣оԵźģΪʲʵзһ
ȻλŵĴ󵱼ң϶ǵڶ֡
Ϊǵһˣˡ
󵱼ңôԸǱߺʱҲʵȻ֪µ˲ǣϾ֮ǰ콣ڶԷ˿
΢ڰֵô򣬺ȥ
ǱߺӹЦһӦһȻϴ
󵱼ңȥһȻôҪ飬λ󵱼ҿ϶ӦǰҪ֪ҲиֵģҪȻԼҲԿҪǣ˼˶࣬ǿ󣬾ʮˣֱټҲһ
ûҪȥһȥ͹ˣ΢ȷȥΪάַƿ˵ҹϢȥҲûãʩչ΢Ҳغǿ١˵Ľ̳ģжٱ΢˭
ЩȻ֪ȻЩǣ΢󵱼ҵĶô˵ˣҲ˵ġ
Ƕʮ˺ͺӻλεĳˡ
·ϵ鲻˵һʱ¡
Զɽֵеɽկϴżɵ֮ɫһ֣˵ǴĳӳɮһͭƤǹټһֽտȭܵС
ǰڶԷֵ³˴֪ԷҶԷֵµҲһΪһ˵Ĵɱ׸棬ǼȮû»ڡ
׺ˣҪ¶Էɽկ˵Ѷȼ֮ԽȹҲҪǸ󵱼ʲôֶΣһ˵ԶԷֵֵ׷档
ʧܣ̴뿪ΪǸõĴ󵱼ûʸ쵼ǣԱߺҲһأĺһ
ʱ򣬺Щޱȣһ·ǨˣԼʦڵķţһ·Ƭ̾͵ôʱ䡣
ǰɽկѾǺＱĲˣһָʣ˵Ǹ£ǲǰǸ
ӣǺǲһ㲻ͺӽ֣֪ӵ
ʣ˵ͷ˵͸оǰһǺѾǽƣӶ¡
ʮֱֳ̾ʲô·
飬׷ȥͺӦæǰ׷ȥ
ȵܹȥʱѾǰأկűķ飬ǸͭƤǹ죬˿ֱۺ˫ŤڵϿ޵ʮɽ˵ڵϣеĲҽУеһԴˡ
վһ̨ϵҫ


٩ ̺ˮկ
ôһ¾ͱҺһ͸㶨ˣһĻͺоȶת
̫ˣֱͬһ㡣֮ǰӼƶۿģʲôֶΣѾ˵ķ룬ͬ˵еķһ㡣
û˼û˼һĶûУʦҹǰկΪжѣû뵽ô򵥡һδ˵Ҳ֣һӣǴ·ĺӣ˿ȴ˵ı顣˵֮󣬺ָָȥ
ǰûбʲôɽկ֪ܲ˼¸߶ԷΧʮڣдСʮһҲô˸ţһˣ죬үүͰ鶼ס
˵ţë׵ĸ첲ץ죬Ȼųţɿն
һʱ䣬Ӻ˾ͽΧʮеĴСѶ˸飬ɽկֻ࣬ĶһЩСѡһӾŪֱ࣬Ҳʤ˶ЩȻϣǾͶ֣˭򲻹ӡ
ֱӱӴǹģţ͸Щ˵ˣԺһƬ죬ͱͶǣ͹˰⣬ȻץסֱӿԴ
Ҳˣһշ־ͻư
ɽկ󣬵Ҳʮˣһʱ䣬ڣɽկȫͳһķ졣
ٶȿ˵Ѿǿ࣬˵ԲʮѾ΢֣֮Ȼǰϣк°ѿصġ
΢˺һկҲǵ˵ͷЩģˣһ԰Լ顣
ʮʱѾƿΧﷶΧڵɽˮֻܴ鲻ʣվͳ˴΢µˡ
ǰҲûһȻկ￴پ׳ĺӷʩȨյĸоǽһˬ
һж΢ģȻǰ΢ͼ׳ǵơ
΢ԭǣ׳ܷչͷչ
ıߣִư淨ȣкӳһ˵ڲһµʱѾΧһ
ֵµ֣ѾСǧˡ
ʱ򣬷տһƤϵĵͼڿǡ
ң̺ˮկҪ󵱼ȥ︰磬ҿǷչ̫죬вˡʱҲһ֮ǰӣ£˵¹ڳɡ
Ȼвֵٰܿߣ̫˹ģӵ˵ϲǰûǮǮȻҪôң˾ֻῳͷɱ˵çҪ˹Ķ˹Ĳ
ڰĵҵҲ˲٣΢󵱼ңӾǶңȻңͺشں棬ǣֶ˲٣һֱŵʮҡˣûм󵱼ңֻޱȡ
̺ˮկǷԲկӣ˵־аǧǵĵط滷ˮĺϣѹкܶ࣬˵ǵĴ󵱼Ҷ˰˰ˮǷȥҲǶ֡ʱ˵˵һƤĺӣͷƤ࣬һۣͨ˶ܻ
˵̺ˮկʱ򣬾Ȼɫ
ҪǴ󵱼ң϶ûģֻȥǻץסڣ̺ˮկҪԸǣ¾鷳ˡߵҲ˵
˵ôãûл󵱼һ棬Ҳ֪󵱼ʲôӣūҿǺĺءŵ˵ˣһŮӣȣɫ˲С
ŮӣȴҲĺֶθ߾ȻҲᱻŵҡ
Ͼţ󵱼ңĪ˹أʱ˵ƹķȣ˭˹أ
ϾЩΪȻ˵˼΢ͺ֮⣬˶ֻ˵ǵĴ󵱼ûһмƽλ󵱼ҲӲ¶棬ǼǸӡ
ңϵǧˣûһµġ
е˵󵱼ʵûʲô£ȫǿ˶ңΪԴ⣬󵱼һֱš
⻰û˸ҵ˵Ǳﴫ
̺ˮկɽ˶ڣҼΪҾµʾһ´󵱼ң⣡ʱ˵ǾʦΪˣ˭̺ˮկδصеùԷǰ˰ˮ
˶򷽺գԷңλߵģʱ϶Ҫİ


٩ ˰ˮһ
ЦЦƨһ£ûҪ󵱼ңҴ󵱼˵ֻһ£Ǿţ˭·˭̺ˮկ˰ˮݲǣһҪǡ
⻰˵İȻ˸ҷ
˿ĵңһǾʦָȰһ£ֻʱͻȻ΢һۡ
ƣֱ˺һ˻ǣⱲӺٷˣҲʲôźӱɱˣҲֻǾ¡Ժɱˣ΢󵱼ң¡
ʼգûм󵱼ҳ֣κʱ򣬴󵱼Ҷĵƺûкӣûз
֪Է϶ûô򵥡
Ұѱ˵ʱ˭Ļʲô͸ʲôһ󵱼ңû󵱼ңֻǿҪʱ򣬺ӶüΪ˳ֱǱ
ʹһϿ󵱼ҾͿ϶Ƿˡ
̺ˮկ˶࣬а˰ˮǺ̺ˮկԿ˭ǼʯͷкڣҲδʤ㡣ûȰ裬ûзֻҷһ䣺ңʲôʱ򣿡
Ǿʦ֪ԼóֻǴ΢˵ˣ飬ЩгֵȨ
Ƕıһ͵ǾͲһƾͼƣ̺ˮկ˲Ҫ󵱼ȥ𣿴󵱼ҿ϶ȥǵǿȥˣŶҺһЩֽȥȻӦϣһٹ̺ˮկ
ⷨӺãյ˵ͷ˵սıԣȷһףʦжձ˭һúϵ̺ˮկ棬ˮկѹվǲƣν˰ˮҲɲóˡ
ҵҲǻ࿴˿ȻЩɣȻĵҶ˵ˣֻˡ
̺ˮկ˵ʱ磬ǽ񣬸߻﷿ķŪ⣬õǳԸȾ£ʱȣȹ̺ˮկ֮ôҺȸʹ졣ҳ˵ǰͷ̺ˮկǩǵժ˭ΪȾ£Ҳʱ˵
˵ţ˿漸ҵģϲԾƣ⻰˵ģȻ˼ףƽﲻܣԷ̫ӲΪǼ£ǿ϶հĹأͱֵһ
ҵģʮһҺʮһ̿޺һǹԴͬëĹһĺӣϲԾƵġǿƣҲ֪⣬ȻǲҺˡ
ȵȥ֮漸ҵľһ𣬳Ŵ⣬һ˵顣
磬߸磬ô²أ̺ˮկɲǣһе˭֪˵ԲǷԲǧ֮ڣ̺ܳˮկҲûǰһЩмǧˣǵ˶࣬Ҫȥ̺ˮկˮ·Ͼˣǰ˰ˮɱģô˵Ӧϣʧֵ֣ܿɾͲˡʮʱ˵
⼸֮ǰͻʶҹϵĪ棬˽Ȼʲô˵ʲôҴš
ʮ˵ЩƨãĵҶͷˣҰĹ㲻ǲ֪ҴľǴ󵱼ң˵һһжңڣǾδ̺ˮկһģ¶ܳȵˣܴ
һ˵Ҳ֪ô˵ˡ
ˣǰ˰ˮļٵģôŻ˵ģôҶûмʲôˮϰʱҲ˵
ģҼǰȥ̺ʱ򣬼ˮɱˡһˣˮ˴ףˮˮͿʼˣͷҲ߶೤ۣǹ룬пȵӵצӺݣһھͿԽԴҧŵʱϷһ˿־壬Ҫ˵Ҳɱ飬ûһҲаʮ̺ˮǻ
Ҫȥ̺ˮկˮ·ˮ·Щˮȷ鷳ǹǰկв˵ģҶҵı˭֪ڣ϶û⡣ʱҳԶ衣
˵Ҳ֣û֮ǰĵҺ嵱Ƕĺ֮ôĸԸ󵱼ҵġУ󵱼̫һЩǶûмҿʲô廨ͷɣŵ˵Ȼºܵģ֮ŴչͼǴ󵱼ҲУǿ϶ûϣһ
ãôôͿҲ룬Ǵ󵱼û£ô콨ôİɣĳ˵


٩ ˰ˮ
Ҳδأ֪Ǵ󵱼أ˭ŵʱʵһʣ˸סˣȻǶûм󵱼ҡ
ˣԶú˯һ컹һӲ̡Ȼ̸⣬˵
ûע⵽Ǻ漸ӵľ룬һˣһҲڳԶ
רŵķã;¥һʮӡ˵ÿ϶ˣƫƫǸŵԱûˡ
һӣֻһˡ
ʵϣΧ˵ۣһӺˡ
зŸ϶ϳǷеһ𷨣ȻȻҲʿˮƽ̫Զܿ
õģȻ΢
ʱ佫˼о棬ҲȷһջƹȻ鴫΢ԼȻѾƣÿʱÿ̶ںķȴļ졣˵һǰ΢ǲܷƣԲʩչκε
ڣ΢ѾʩչһЩ𷨣˵ķΪ˺ܶࡣʵϣκη΢Ľĺ޲ý΢
зѪͲ˵ˣ֮һһ΢𷨡Ҫ֪ǿ𣬼ڷ統Ҳһ΢𷨣΢ĳɾȻʣ϶ͻͽ΢з֮߱׵ķƣɲ򵥣Ƿʱͬڵķ𱦣̺Ķûбƽ⣬΢Ҳǳ
ڵ΢ڷѾԺͷᲢֻۣҪպ˷λ΢Ҳһӡ
ǽҲ֤ˡ
΢ʱ̺ˮկ˰ˮ˲кڣӦû⣬㲻˵
˵꣬΢ŵ뿪Ȼûκ˲Ĵڡ
˵ͷɷ𣬶ڣ΢ɣ΢Ƿ
˵ڶ죬˰˼Ҵϰһǰ̺ˮկͷӰȻ
ĵң֮ǰ˴һмѾ׼ˣδ˲٣ֵõҲõĽԹѰĵҪӲƴɱǾԵơһ³˵
ˡ˵ͷȡһ´ĳȻ˼¡
ʱվڴͷϵĺӰ˰ƣʱҲˣ£ϡʱ粻֮ǰһƲѣһСʣǾĿס
һ죬ӡȻӴ֮ѹû֮ǰƦڵĺӵô¡
ңһȥ̺ˮկ㿴¡ҲҪСĽǸľǧȣп¶У˵̺ˮկĴ󵱼Ҳһ֣ſԺ绽꣬̽ӣͨ쳹֮ܣǶмСġʱڶһͷ
ʲôһȫˡһĲмҲҶ˵ȷΪֹӮӵ˼ûУһ·ĵ̣ǿӣҲͲ
ңĵңǰƺһʱɫ԰׵˵
æǰ棬һ̺֮ˮկ˿̣ˮկٴУǰ涼ս֣ףﶼŹկӵĳŽգ¥֮Ҳˡ
һƣ϶Ϊ˻ӭǡ
ãмˣʱɫһã洬ϣ⼸ҵҲڣ˿̿ƣҲ˼ҵļơ
鷳ˣãСˮŵʱһ䣬һޣһ򣬾һƿӻһӰ棬һ̣һ˵ĲҽУһˮĹðͷȻǱһӸ˹ȥ
̺ˮկãԭǼ٣档ҵ˶ǷӦϵˡ
ʱԱǵһСͻȻˮðˮƷ漸ˮˮеˮɱһ
ֻǿʼһ̾ͼͬһ㣬һ󷭹Ȼˮȫˮ
̺ˮկУǵĴ󵱼ͨЦĳֶδ󺰣˶
һȺΪӽǳϯǣһʼûǻ̺ˮկҲҪĺʵŵ̫ˣвֻܽɱٵУҪ֣͹Լ̫νΪǿ꣬Ҷ˰˰ˮˮǾ޵еģǱٸҲȻ
˵꣬ǵĿЦ
ȻǼƣûˡɫѿû뵽ԷǸͨ˽թ


٩ 󵱼
µʮΣںϰ˰ˮӿһƬͬˮһһƤ
ϵɫѿֶٸߣˮҲӲһǰ˰ˮΪУ
ĵңô죿Χ˿Ƕı©ĵø⣬ڼô㣬ʱҲ벻
ۿЩˮҪһӵϣʱһ˼ƾճڴͷ
һͨᣬһ
󵱼ңһǰ񣬶Ӻͷ͹ڵϣ֮ǰǲһֻ΢ǰܼԼ֮ǰֻһֻδĺӡ
Һ;ŵҵ˴˿ҲĿɿڴȥʮˣȻǵĴ󵱼ң
ǸصģýܵٶȽӴĴ󵱼ң
û뵽ôᣬСľŵңƺȴ󵱼ҵҪһ㡣ǲɷϣ󵱼Ҹոôֵģûһ˿
žȡɻͺ棬ҵҲǸŹ
ʱ򣬰˰ˮѾߡ
΢ʱ𷨸ȻûԼʩչǽ÷˰ˮǿġ
ͼƺʲôûֻվڴͷǰһɲ֮ǰ˰ˮȻͣ£ٽһ
΢УЩˮаƳġʬӦ̺Ĵ㣬һʼιʳ⣬ͷܴ󣬳ͷմȾԹȻطͱˮ
˵ֱһߣһʽˮʵһ㣬˾ںУ˳һʿ¶Ƕ֡
̺գа˰˭̺ˮկֲǷԲѡ
΢֮ǰҲЩģԾ÷ΣϴóԼ⴬ϵˣǳ˺֮ȫι㡣΢Ȼ뿴ҪƣܰܣһС
ӣνȥ̺ˮկĴ󵱼Ҹˣһ˿ЩˮԼɢˡ΢һ£Ӷ˵ųţ̺ˮկȥ
΢һڣѾס˳棬ǣֵڣûж֣ڱУƺƾԺֹǰ˰ˮʵǼʮ㣬Ĥݡ
ͺԲ˵֪΢󵱼ҵֶΣҵˣ˿ҲóϷɶ˵һѾܱȡŵҸǶ΢ıӰѾ룬һҪҸ󵱼ҵӣܺʹ󵱼ĸӢһȴⱲҲֵˡ
ЩΪܣ˵ҲǸиԵĹ£ǼҾʵ˭ԸÿɱɱŮˣһо͸ס
ΪˣֻʵǴ󵱼ʵУǿ϶ģ󵱼ʵǿᣬȻġ
ڹءҲл֮ǰûͽɵӡ
ڣ΢ֻ˰˰ˮһݰܵУȻһ˹ģ֮ǰһ뷨ˣ˿̶ʵʵаͷ
ʲô£
ַǳƫƫ͸ˣ˼ҾǶֶҲˣ£Ҳǵˡ
̺ˮկǱͨҲǸְ֣˰ˮȻ˸סʱ֪á
Ҳи֣ΪסҰ˰ˮʤңֱЦկֵܣɱȥǲһٶˣ˶ڣɱʤˡͨһ£¾ʮǧ׺˳ȥ
ʱһӰ䣬ͨȥ
ϣվ΢󣬿ǰʮɫء󵱼û˵Ҳֻܵš
Ȼ󵱼ڵȶҵϢ
ң˵ܲŪͨʮһСʵֵŪ׶༪١
ҵıֲǲ֪կӣһоͰˣͨжʱ˵
ͨıֱ֪һǷżӳֵܻۣ޼᲻ݣԲٿغˮı
˵̺Թഫħۣиɮһ𣬼ӳַ𷨣ںףల¡ֻͨԺ󣬽̳ǵһںҵطоˮ֮
ˣƳһۣһһ
Ǳõģɱ˵ıǸˮķͨнĳɾ͡ҲǸ֣Сʱͻ켣ʦȡȥ˺Уѧϰ𷨣ӳˣ̺ˮկĴ󵱼ҡ˵ͨǸ֣ҾӮҲδܶʱŪڣʮϢЩ˾ܳ


٩ ʤ
Щ˭ͺҲһģǿվڴͷȫΪ󵱼΢
һ΢ǵ̫ԵʣǼǵģŵɱֵƵᣬΪ󵱼ھˡ
ҵûôͷһμλ󵱼ң˵ոմ󵱼һǰס˰˰ˮǲҿǵཻĽɱʮǧ˿ɲ塣
һֻһٶˣĴ붼֪϶Կ
Ǵ󵱼ƺǧ޶á
Ӧôϱ׼ɱŶԡ
ڣ̲סǰһ󵱼ңֵѾ׼ˣʱԺЩɱһ
˼Ѵ󵱼ңӦ׼ӭսˡ
˭֪ǰ΢ҡͷòţУ̫СǵĶˣô˵һֽ̳ġ
ʱԶһӰһڴͷѹĻζѡ
һٿ˾ȻǶң˿̺ӹ΢ǰϼ
һѪܵͷֱۣ
ͷͨģһ˫ŵ۾ȻĿ
ʦҲͷȻ΢ǺһЦ˿
΢ҲĲ
΢ۣԿ渽ӵĻⶫԼҲкôάַƵʱ򣬿Խһ
£΢Ҫһ
ֽȡУ΢ľ磬˵ɡħ;΢һǷŷ΢ǰãڣδ߶ʹ΢һ۱֪
һǰ˰ˮһ궯Ȼǵתǹͷ̺ˮկڶ˹ȥ
Щˮһŵǻ겻壬ˮжǱ˭˵һǧˣ˰ˮɱġ
ʱ򣬺Ѿǰ΢ͨͷԾԷĴϣͷ߸߾һȵͨ翹ɱ
̺
ûһɵӣϵͨѪܵͷͨʱ򶼲Ҷ˵һ仰
ͨѾˣĶԷҲΪԼǿǡЩ콫ʲôİϣʵ˿ʱûһס
ںһţ޴Ĵ̤һѷ֮Щ̾͹ģͶˡ
ͶҲУ˵ӣǰ˰ˮҲ򲻹νţ˭ǸԼֵ˴󵱼ҡ
Ŷʮǧ˹Ͷĳ棬˶ɵˡ
ҵˣĿɿڴҵս̫ǿˣȻգ֮ͽǲһư̺ͨˡ
Ǻεȵ
µǴ󵱼ңǿ֪Ǵ󵱼ҽ̳ͽܣͽܶôʦıܲˣ
Ӧ˵һʱ빧ϲ󵱼ңٿͷĻд󵱼ҵӰȻǲ֪١
˻࿴һۣ˴˵ľ
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ʣ΢һ˵ƺܿʹ˳ȥ˵졣
ֻЩ΢òַͣ˽ȼ˵ǹ̡֮ѡҲֻǷ΢°ˡ
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ҹɫգ΢ֻ˺һһҶ̺֮ϡıˮ棬ʮˮΧ
Ȼ֪ۣһɵģԭں׵΢ſ̺ʲô
ʵǰոոʱ΢ио̺򵥡
Ҫ֪ﶼǷͬѰͨڤɽ磬ʥ֣֮ѹǹħʬ̺΢ͷһοʱ򣬾֪ҲֻǹŹֵǣûѹ̺ʲôӦȻͿ̿ʬҰ
ƫƫ෴û̺ûκ쳣ЩѰζˡ
΢Ҫ̺֮¾ѹʲô
£ǲ岻ֵģ΢һֻ˺һȻ΢ķƵǲֵġ
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΢ͷǰ̹ˮ֮һΣҺһȥ
һģ΢ȴȡһ
ʵ΢ôҪ̺̽ҲΪ̺ˮկĲرҵһЩ΢û뵽ڱȻҵһöˮ顯
ı֪һЩŶûУ˵ţɳУˮĶ֮١


٩ ɸ
΢ǰҲǰƷɹ٣˳ĵ˵Ĵڣ΢ԼûУ֪ⱦϡС
΢ԼҲڱжˮ顯ܣ˭뵽ķ˽磬һˮկȻҵ䱦
Ѿ֪ͨ⡮ˮ顯޼֮ȻҲڶෲһ
΢ۣ֪ʶԨҲ޼֮ɳҲ֪֮ǰͨô㵽ⱦģǹ΢С
ˮ飬΢Ȼǿµ̽һ
˺룬΢һȻźӷԸһ߼æȡһ䣬ڴϡ
ÿԶס⴬һ䣬Ȼʩչͳĵ
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ԲƬʱ䣬΢ҵˡ
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ʯΧ֣΢˿кܶǷ𾭣һЩаƺͿˮҲС
ȿŷ𾭣ΪдЩа
һʵ΢Щ벻ףʱĺҲ˽ʯг˿ΧЩ𾭺аҲûмֵĶˡ
ˣ˵뿪ˣ΢֪õĵطԲô򵥡
ӣǸʯհῪ΢ʱ˵Ȼʯţôʣ϶йŹ֡
Ҳ˵ʯ϶йŹ֡
Ӷ˵ǰ֮˫۱һʯգҪῪһʯվȻ˿
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΢һãʯղ򵥣ǰϸ鿴ʯһ฽ţ΢ɾ¶ʯյıģ΢һ۾ͿдŶ֡
̩ɽ
΢ʧɫΪˣɷ̩ɽ䡯ǿԽѰ޼ӳֵɷҲ˵ӳɷ֮һʯվѾɽһӾҲİῪһɽ
ȻǾзӽ⿪΢ӣֳ˶ԷһСƷ䡯Ƴ򷨡Ӹ΢ѧ汾µģ䷨оһͻʩչˡ
ȵʩչ֮ʯϵ־ȻƾʧٰᣬɽʯŲ
һڣ֮һ֣һߣһ֣΢ǰȻʣȻǵһµĶС
Ҳ˽һֿԸˮ漴ǲñˮ鶼û⡣
΢һ۾ͿﲻѰĶɸ
֮ĺۼҲ˵Ϊ˽磬Ϣһ㶼ûй۹ãԸӦ
ɸУ΢һ۾Ϳһңĸ֡ǵ
ĸдļϣ΢鷨ңܿ൱л򣬻δܱȵԼʥ֣ѰʥѾǿȥ١
ǵ⾳֣֪˭дģ˵ɸˡ΢ʱٿԿĸԱ߻һССע⣬˵ͻԡ
дĸ֣⾵ˡ
΢;Ϥƺʲôط֡
ʱ΢ͻȻһķţǴ洫ġ
΢һ㶣̴ź뿪ɸո΢ɨɸѾö꣬ûʲôмֵĶûʲôֻһյɸ
ķǰȻȵóȥ
΢ٶȼ죬Ƭ֮ͻصСϣٿͷȻǽӿ֣̺յ硣


һʮ 
̺ˮկҲһĿɿڴͷƣЩˣļƣС͹ΪŽƽ٣иַӿ֡
мʶ֪Ƿӽ٣Ҳһķ
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΢ʾⲻʣ̧ͷ죬ҲЩȡͿƣķȻǳˣڷ磬ܳĴ𲻶ࡣ
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Ȱһ䣬ʱһѾǿ£ˮկϿա
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΢ûоɫ̧ͷȥһڰɫ̨֮ϣŽɫ£ʮ˵ӿ֣Ŀޱȡ
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٣ЩѾŵ˫ŷѾڵϣ˿Ѿ̱ڵءʱӵǵĴ󵱼ң𶼽ˣ⻹ݣ󵱼ҲǷˣˣܺƽƽ
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ͼ΢һڣ΢΢ɳԺ΢棡
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ķˣ˭֪˭ǿеĵһҲеλߵһǷͳߡ
ֱڣǲ֪Ǵ󵱼ҽʲôֻȻ󵱼ҲǷˡɳԺ٣ȥƺҲֻ֪ɳʲôɳɹ٣񲻾ˣ
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ԶȥԿӰ⣬¶ϣŷľơ


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󵱼ң
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ͷ޷ػԵԣʩȴ߽Уˣұ֤λ
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ͷһΣ΢޳ˣƺǸո𲽣ĸ֣˲Ϣ
ɽŴɽʱ΢ǰ档ɽһ΢˳ֿǱ̨߽̤յķ棬ɫ䣬æ


һʮ λ
ɽ죬ͥϣõϢ絽롣һɹٿ˵ȫƽﲻμӳҲˣ޵룬ʮ˻ҲˣʮִҲ롣
ˣһΣĸһɶˣĸѾ궼¶ļλҲ˺ü
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ڶɹλã΢ȵվ
ǰĿ΢˻ſϧ֮ɫȻǿϧ΢Ϊʲôûڷ硣
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ھȵɣҲ̲ȥص΢ģеļɼ
΢ҹϵģҲһǳϲ΢úôһ٣΢һ꾿ʲôȻҲɹţ΢ȻţܻɹҲԲŶԣȺ飬񲿵ɹˡ
΢ϯĿɶ΢̲ס
΢˵һ㣬һȻѾٴ磬ɣҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҳȣ΢ǰǸɶ
΢ûֻԴɶ֪һγ֪ģҲǱ֪ģ΢϶һһ
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˵꣬˵Ŀⶼ΢ϡ
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˷ƣô߱Ѿˣĸʱ˵ɫĪ֮ɫԱ߼λҲһͷΪˣɮͨλȡ߱Ȼͼıλһ


һʮ 
ʣ滰лϾɹٶе˼
ŷҷ磬ɳҲϵ󣬵ԹɳзĹλͨɳҲ޿ɺǣ޷Ǿ߸ʽѡ
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ĸͼλûҲǵ˼˵֮һ΢ЦһתֵȻ˷˷ƣ΢ҲѾ΢Եߣ𷨸Ǻͷ죬ɮλ΢δӦʵ˿ϧ
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΢˼תҪ˵ɣ΢һʡ
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ڴУֻûƶ֮
ڰҲһеԣڰΪһ壬ۣǰףϱǺڣ۾Ǻڻǰף
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ͻȻ΢뵽ɫʱЩ԰ףͷðһΪ󵨵Ĳ²⣬˵ֻһ£ͽͷǿѹȥ
˵ֻǲ²⣬ƾʵݣ΢Ҳ˵ͷȻҡٿ֮ϣλķ棬΢ֻоԷԭȱЦݣڿͻЩˡ


һʮ ύ
΢ǲһԣĥ顣ԼǴ󵨵Ĳ²ģôѾǷ֮ΪҪô
΢˹̲飬ϰưҲʮóҾͬйΪɷʥˣ󣬿ɰɽŲɳϣһзգ΢Կ϶ɷҲɷķգԼѾˣһɹ֮𣬿λɳͥᣬͬղ˵нˣǷµúʧҲ޷Ҳ޳һ㣬ֻǽˡ
΢ãλѾվۣ֮󣬵ڣǷ֮ϻɳϽ϶Լķա
ȻǷҲֻʵǿһˡѣʵϣ΢;ãνɷʥˣֻʵǿķ˶ѣû𡣵Ȼ⻰΢϶ǻõ˵ġ
΢֮ǰĲɻ£ʵϣɻ̫࣬Ȼʱڲܵõ
飬ŷ飬΢֮ǰҲֻɲУʵϣ˵ΪҲּ飬˵ˮף΢һʵӲȥһס
Ϊ΢½ˣͼλĸһ뿪΢ߣɹٶǴҴ߹ûǣֻк΢õɹٲŹѯʡϾɹ𷨣ȥЩ˼ô޳ɣ
΢Ҳûӽܸͣܲ߶Է˵𷨣ħҶˣһǵ
ʱ΢˹΢Ȼϵã⼸΢ûˣһ£΢۾һɨһˡһۿȥ죬΢ϳ˲Լ֤ԶʱҹԼһöָô
źƣ΢ĻܿһλޡȻǼģ¼΢ȵ΢뿪ߣû뵽΢ڶɹ˵ûӣֻ߹ȥ΢ͶĿ⣬΢ͻȻӿٶȣһɳͥᡣ
Ȼˣ
˵΢ǽµҲǴһ˰Σ΢ŷӦæżλ
΢˷øܻǺ¡ǰ΢ԼˣϾ΢߳ɹ٣ʱС֮£þһĳ壬ȻȻ˻£˵һĸߵĸɽ㣬ȥֻҪĸ˵һ仰˭¡
óȻμͥᣬɳٳϵĵҲĺܣʱ΢
˵ֵ꣬һ£˼ң⼸λ⼸ĳǵޣĳǵ޺ǵȪжǵĽǡ
޸΢ܣ΢һæ޵ĹλȻҪ΢ܳΪǵ޵ģǶ޹ĹɣĺܣжǵĽǣ˵Ѿɣλ֮ߣѾͷ˲¡
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ȻҪ綼΢ıɽ΢ȻǸмޱȣṼԷ
Ǽ޶ǵ˵ͷһɭɭޱ飬΢֪ˣЦҲԸʹȻܳͷѾϿˡ
λ޴ˣ΢նȻŰݷáе̬΢Ҫڳģ⼸λҲûоܾĽǸǵ΢ɳٳǿǸնǰǶĹ٣ǽϵµˣˣʲô£ҲշһɽǸٰ
һ仰˻΢ķŵˣ¶ЩԾû뵽λĽǾȻ˵Ŀ΢
Ǻ£ĽǵĵλΪԼĴ޶Ȳ˵ģһ仰΢Ժ飬϶Ҫֺܶడ
ղߵλϳǵ޼ģлᣬҲȥݷһ¡ߵʱ򣬽С΢һ䡣
Ȼѹ֪ĺ΢ˣ΢ղžͲ³ޣȷˣֻǵ֤Ժ֮ļΪλԼһöָҪ֪ûһöָ΢Լʱ֤ʧܵʱѾˡ
ָо񼧺һλ֪ߣ֪Լ֤֪֪ԼȻʧܣָԼɹѹء
⼸ޣĺ΢صһ


һʮ ĸ̻
ϳǵ޼أ΢ȴöԷûж⣬෴ûмһָԼѾ
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߼ޣ΢оˣŤͷһȴЦˡ
ģǴ˻֮µط
Ϊ˻ʣȻҲʸμͥģһûطһһξҪ࣬Ѿ˻֮
ʱطǰһ񣬿˵Ϊׯأǰ΢Ūˣ֪ԷŪһ
طʱ֣лҳɾ˻֮λȥ֮Ϊزˣڼƽ̫ˡ
ʣطںܼ΢ܿóǳϲ϶¶еʱеĳϣλ߲ܽ뷨չ¶طȻҲʼѧ
ط˻֮󣬿˵ǾĽŬҲǻ˻ر˻ʵλѾ̩ɽһʼʱ򣬵Ƕٰ̣γ϶ǹⷢѣڱ˶֪ط΢һ֡ơλ˻ʣܶ˶Ϊ΢֮ǰڷ磬طǵõڵ˵ͦȻ˻δȥڣӪĹǿ˾Ҫ̶ˡ
кܶ໰Ҫ˵ʱ߹΢С˵˼仰΢ɫһ䣬Ǳط֪΢ȻҪȥ죬ǡ
΢ȷҪ£ǾĸҪ
һûȥĸɹһɽ֮ۡ
΢ϵʱ򣬾ͿԿ޹΢ӯ΢֪Ǹ˵ģҲЩΣԼڷһ࣬϶òٹԼ˵ˡ
һҴ˵ı飬һһʰĶȻĹĵĵĸǰ棬ȹȥɡ
΢æͷ߹ȥȻһƬƯĻԿĸ
λ̬ǧ˿ԶƲ㣬ǳ
΢С߹ȥû˵ĸһûˣ΢ȥ˷֮󣬱˺¶ģһ֡
壿
΢ȻҾܾһŮپͰں̣һʯպÿԵʯ΢ĸԼ϶ֻô򵥣飬ĸ϶ʲôҪʡ
ȻһӣĸͻȻ΢ôöӣ
΢ԣҲֻܴӴߵ⣬ɹأɵÿΣ޷ƿԼˣ
˵꣬΢Ҳһӡ
˵ĺãĸӣֵ㣬Ը⵱ӣǵ֮ˣ
΢Ƭ̣ĸ˼ˡ
¹٣ȻǲԸ⵱ӣ΢ʵѾޱȡ
ĸ˵ͷԸԸ˵˲㣬һη飬һöӣܻŻѾǴң֮ǰ׼زƫƫˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
΢亹ˣĸһɲ¡΢ܲԼ·Σǰ;Σȫһϡǣ΢֪ĸҪԼôشɲǿЦģشĲĸ⣬΢֪Ʒλ¾Լܴﵽ߹λˡ
һᣬҲһսɹĻ΢϶ԼƽƣɹǾǳ׵䣬뷭޿ܡ
΢ǣתļ죬ϸĸղŵĻĥһ£оƣĸ϶֪ܶ飬һͼ𣬺ܶ¶סԼҪԼǳԼܿԶ
һ˶ף㱻˵Ūӣ֪ԼҲʧ
΢ĸ¹ڷŷιܻţһǽңξ˵ˣ¹ΪڵڶΣŷǹ¹ٻţĿӦҪ¹֤˽һη߱ߣҲȻ飬ֻ¹ٲ²⣬¹ҲȲѣڳϵɹٵ潲ûġ
ĸһöһֱû£ȵ΢꣬ܿЩѾ˲ˡ
˵꣬Ȼû˵ר壬΢ȻҲֻӲͷƤӦսһ֣΢˵ƴȫû뵽ȻӮˡ
ˣȥɣѧ𷨵鲻ҪģȻɷ𻥳⣬ɳʷɷͬ޵Ҳв١ĸ˵΢һҲдʯ£΢û뿪ĸ¹ٻһ룡


һʮ ܹ
˵ĸ
¹Ƿ֮ǰʥ¹ٽӹԺ¹Ҳǲִȴ֪Լѡʥӿɶտʥͳ¹ٴ˷ǹλͬʱƾٿɶʽӹԺԺ١΢һȴûȻǵȴĸӦ
Զһֱţĸݺ΢һţǲǷˣźúõԺٲҪǣҪøˣ
ȻôֻĸҪӦ
ĸߣ΢ĻȴΪ⣬д˿˿ʣЩŭҲЩ͡
˼Ƭ̣ĸͷˣǿɶȷһ˲ţǱִԺǣ׼ˣճᣬһ£бô
΢һ㶣ҡҡͷĸ˵һ䣬ˣ
Σ΢һ㵣ĿɿڴĸѾڣҲܼǰ̾ͷ¡
ֻûпĸһ˿Цݡ
˵Ҫ΢˷ɳȥ֮⣬̲סݺݵ΢һţŭ΢ǲǷˣźúõԺٲҪǹ٣֪֪һٵĵλжҪɳɹٶţëֻٿͥᡣ㡭㡭ֱˡ
΢̾˿Ӧð
΢ѹסŭʣʲôӦã˵϶ʲôɣҵ
Ѿ΢ǳ׽ˣ΢ЩҲԼλɽ㣬Ծ¿˿С㣬ֻ֪һ֪ԺλþͲʺңû֤ʱܹ̯ӿԣʱ䳤˿϶УһûԺпɶҲͦãһλòáҲˣ˸ոĸʲô㲻û̽ңҲ̽һĸ̬ȣ֮ĸ̽ҵĿǿܷãĿģһǿҶԷܿԶһȻû˵Ҫң˼Ҵǹ٣ÿɶλĸˣȻΪҰλôڳϵھǶһ
΢˵꣬ĿɿڴðŵЩˣϲĶǣϵô˼ȥģ
΢˵˼Ҳеʱ˶ӮˣûڳӮ˶ʹ졣
ҡͷֵһĸ˲㰲ŹλԼĹλŪˣ
΢Цϵ鲢ǶʮɰյģеʱҪðֵֵֻãξˣҲʧȥ֮λ룬ɳôţҵѡкܶ࣬ħ˾ǶԺҶȥáңҾðջǺܴ󣬲Ϊʲôĸûң
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΢æҡͷ㣬ǧҪδûлأΣ㶼ܲ档
˵ͷʱڹٳϵ飬Լ治΢ܵܣͲҲû೤ʱ䣬Ϊʲôʲôƺ뷨
Īе˾ʺϵ٣
΢Ȼ֪Ժĸ΢ұ㼸죬㼱ǰˣֿۣԡ
ʱɽ֮ϣƾճּˣ֮ǰڳϵļ
ν
ɽ繲־죬졢졢졢ȣÿһ춼нһΪߵĴأִƾ죬Ϊ
棬ɵۣҲɳɵ֮ۡ⣬ԽϵĵλΪҲԽߣ֮ϣĵأĸ֪ںδһģǳ죬죬λ
ĸλλ˷֮£ο
һ׷ͯյϵֳһȣذͼĵۣ΢ЦʱҲЦ⾵Ϊںŷúˣתҿ¡
ȴһɫϣڷ룬ͷϽڣϵģˣͼĵ£ֳһﵣ۾ϸ΢΢ţ˿뷨˿Ƿ⾵ʲôƻҲвǣŷǷ߱ǰɽ£һҲԽնɱ
ΣҲһλģ˿ȴû˵ֻҡҡͷ


һʮ ķ
ĵл˵ĸæ̣ŵλ¿϶ͬСɣ⾵ʲôҲ֪ǧ֮ǰɷ𣬻ܳΪ֮˵ֶΡŷǹŷ֮һ治Ƿ⾵Ķ֣´͸Ź죬ҼλҲ֪߱ǵɵսżȻڷ֮ؽȻ˵ʱ콲˵ģ˱Ǻλŷ𣬿˵Ƿźͷϡ
ңλҲ֪ʵϱɳڷϸ߱Ҳһֱ£ɳһ֪飬¸֪أȻ˺ŷʵ̫ˣҿδزǷΪ֮ڣǵˣǵһѵǸҴɹֻһöӶѡ
˵꣬ĸλɫѿɳ֮Ȼ֪ƺпͬԣǷķӹ

صԺ֮΢ͿѾȵЩͷĺӣǷա֮ǰΪҪμͥᣬֻʱԺ
ȻֻʱģۺӻǷգܲɽ֮΢ɷһ붼ȥ
յãԺ类һȺΧסһޱȡԺУŮҲв٣һȺŮӵУܶܲˣ΢̸౾ҲвˣҲңΪ΢ʱ򽻴ܣˣҪԺ˵Ļ
Ժӿˡ
˭һȺŮΧסǶȥÿҪ
յȺӳຣΪȺӲĶԶĿ񵶷Ĳ񵶣ǰǶϷ
ֱʱ򣬷ղ֪΢жλжߡ
ӽкþȴΪվԶűŮɰΧĺӣȻЩĽúڸв֪
ʱ΢ˣຣæǳŮɳ΢Ŀյ˳΢
ӣֱһĺܡ
΢ɶһ£΢ȻȥԺ֮λøԼɶǼΪ֣̿΢Ȱ䣬˵˺ܶ໰ɶź˺ܶࡣЩҪľ΢˵ִԺôԺԺһĺܣϣҲͶһ
ɶͬ⡣
ִˣô죿ɶʱʵϾҲǵһĴ٣ٳϵĿȾ֪΢ǹ֮Ҫͥᣬһ˾٣ȴǼѵ顣
а취΢˵ʮ㣬ʵϣЩ顣
ͻȻǹ٣ҲΪĸͼλʲôԼȫѿأ΢ȴһᣬڻʧʧ֡΢϶ˮԱԼĻ룬ĸ϶Ҫŵù֡
΢ôɣҲëԼͿĸԸԸԼˡ
ڼѾ˵ʲôҲûãֻܰĵȴ˵ף΢ҪλλлøߵԴ۽磬򣬹⿿Լͷ޳˶δ֪֮
Ҫû˷Ҳ붼Ҫ롣
΢֪Լ֮ǰо޴Ķ̰壬ǾûһĴɽǸ߼оˣ˵ĿɽȾ˻Щ˶ֻǼ˰ǲģһΣ΢ðգܲĸһ󴬡
Щ΢Ȼǲܺͱ˽ٳϳʱʱҲҪһЩıһЩǳֶΡ
ŪЩƽơ
Ӻͷղܴɽ磬΢㽫ǴشԪһʱ䣬˶ΪԼѾڷ磬ǣ֪жൣġ
˽Ԫ
ѾȥյۣȻʮ꣬ȥһʱ﴿Ԫɳࡣ
һǰ΢ѶȻ𶯴ԪڴԪѾãû˥ˡ
Ȩһ£ǾŴԪսӴڲҲϵֻǰ΢һѹţ˭΢ǵȻǶ˳
ЩǰԪˣҲкģģȻŵλá
ǰȨڴԪɣԳѵ⣬ԷǳԷ˫ԽԽףȻڴԪﶯȻǻ֣ϢģìȻǼˡ
ǼҪѡһ˵ţĿǰȨѾϣڴԪͬŶ֣ѾǷ˴ԪŹ棬Ź棬ֵǲܳΪš
ʱöԷǹˣרżŭȨŹ棬һ֮λһľ֡


һʮ ֮
ԪΪչ׳֮ǰͳϻᣬ֮£Ųڣǳϻ˵㡣
ȥιŵ˳΢Ҳֻ¡΢˶ΪѾڷ磬ǰȥѰʦűأͬûѶһʱ䣬Ԫǳϻƣϻ˻๴ᣬֻҪ㹻ȨǷԣҲֹǡ
ڴԪ˿Ѿ˺ܶിԪĳϣЩǲŴԪˣЩǺ룬ΪΪܸߣ˳ϻᡣ
Ȩųɣ죬ɵˣλһʮһϡ˿̼Ѿȫˣ˲ԸⲻԸ⣬˶ųɽ֮⣬ʦ棡
ûӣȻСȴ󡣰˵ѡˣҲʸģȻԷ׼ȻǰԪӴʱдһѵһŮӲš
֮ǰ΢ն˭˵£΢ˣЩ˱żë˵ǴԪɵɣֻˣ֮ǧټƣų⡣
Щ˵У˲ԪͲΪס
˲ԪȨʦܣǴԪˣֻǰΪȲȨһֱĬĬšҲ߰ʱȻ𣬲Ϊ˺ܶ࣬ҲǰнԪѳԼ
΢ڵʱʲôҲûҪʲôʵ΢̫󣬵΢Ѷ֮˼ͻԾˡ
Ҫ˵ţҲʸƾʲôȨƾʲôСѾͷǰ˵ˡ
ڲңǰ봿ԪڴͶʦʦ˲ԪҪ˵Ϊұ˲Ԫöࡣ
ڣȻѾ󾳵ɵΪԪ浤ΪҲǾտޱȣΪˣǰ˲Ԫ뷨ӣγΪԪִϡ
֮⣬ĸҲǵˡҪ˵ɣŪļƣȨԶǵĶ֡
ǵĿֻһõԪŵı
νһ޾ǴԪ䲻˹ҲһţܼѾаǧӣν֦ҶïѾ磬ΪԪһӣȻҪɷԣҾýǾӦѡһλţҲΪǴԪá˲ԪȨһϣʱ˵
Ҫ˵ڲźӦȨȷǱȲ˲Ԫ˿Է֮ȨǺһŭ˲Ԫ˵ʲôֻʧ٣㾹˵ʵǴ治
˲Ԫ̷ʦ֣ĪҪҿñӣ˵ѵʵ飿²㲻ϾͲڵģҲ˰ȻԻִƴ֣ˣ޵ҪʵĪǻҪôڵȥǴԪǳҪ˥ȥ
㡭ȨҪӲȥ
˲Ԫʲôﶼò˵ЩûʵĻųɺͽʱҲ˵ⳤϵͷҲֻǹţһҩһȻռߣΪȴǱȲԷԵĮ֮λ˭˭ȴǿһʱ˲Ԫ˰һúõĴԪ£ѹ伫ЩֻҪ۲Ϲܿó
ʵ˲Ԫ˵ѾǳȨʮһϣѾ£еӣ󲿷Ҳ˲Ԫ˵Ļԭܼ򵥣һʱ˲ԪϵµĵӣǰŹ汻ЩŵĵӣԶˣЩ嶾ȫһ̯ȪУעһˮһ
ǰԪֻǧӣһʱﱩǧֻҪЩӵ˶֪ô¡
ԶųɺͽǶЩȥˣҲûӣ˲ԪΪͲǸӲҸ󾳣ǶǶ֡
ǶǧӣҲʲô֮˿棬ѾԪΧס˵Ѿȫ˲Ԫˡ
ͼ˲ԪЦһһУΪ˴Ԫãȫûһ˽ģôǵ顣
ʱ򿴵ʱˣԱߵĲʱʦ˵ĶԣԪΪˣͣͲǰѡһµˣԪ׳ΪʦѡλΪΣ
Ѿõľ籾һʮһϣˣҶ֧˲Ԫ֮λ
ʱһֱû˵˲ԪΪܵóѣɾ͵һ㣬ϼǱȨǿö࣬㵱ΪڴԪΪΪ


һʮ 
ƺ㣬ǴԪĳϣ٣Щ꣬ΪҲǳ죬ҸȨơ
˲ԪǲܸҺɷ
һΣ˲Ԫ̡
ɣҲ¸㣬Ϊ˲㲻һƷٶѣôʱٳҲû׼ôŵλӡ˲ԪĳЦ
һ㶣ȻС˲Ԫˣ⻰Ҳɫһ䡣ԭ̾ɣ٣Ȩƣ˵˲Ԫ϶ҵɣȻˡ
˲Ԫ϶ˡ
˿϶λߣ˲Ԫ˾ÿԳƿش֡
һ¾Щ鷳ˣȨ˶ͷһɻ켣ٳɫһ䡣
ĸ࣬Ҫ֪΢ĵ˿ǲ٣ɳٳϣǾ͸ˣô˲Ԫ˻᲻ĳλɹ١
ǶԷȷûɾԼ
λ̬ɣʵϾǷҲûãʮһϣһ붼֧ʦ˲Ԫһְ飬˭ҲûáʱЦ˲Ԫ˶һʤȯա
Ȩ˶ɫѿʱЦҷأ
˭һ㶣ҸѿڶҪ֪ǴԪѰϽˣ˵ͰźˣԪǵѾƿ˾棬˸ܽ
ʱ滺һˣһƵᣬʳַ·¶ء
ֻһۣ˾ϳ˭
ô˲ԪͲҵ֣һţ˵һ˲䣬ʶһȻͨһڵأ亹ֱð
ʵˣǸﲻ
үǾϲɴ۾æǰ¿ˡ
Ȼ˾΢
˿΢󣬻źӺͷգȻҪȺܶ࣬ԲߣҲһԣЩ˷ܣϴ
ȨҲǼѣųɺͽҲǼæ΢
⼸Ͷ˲Ԫĳϣ˿Ѿ̱ˣһӦѾ˵Ķˣ˿ͻȻǰ˭Ŀɿڴǣ֮ǰˣҪǣܳܵġ
΢ԴֳȨ˵˵ͷո֮ǰѾˣȻ΢֪һ϶и鷳û뵽Ȼ˵һҴԪ
˲Ԫˣ΢Ҳ֪ģǰҲûٸǺô˭֪⼸ΪԼڷ磬ͺԥѡ˱ѡ
ʲô壬ǡ
Ա΢һ΢Цһλ˵ŭɲôƽϢġ
Ǳ˲ԪȻ˸׼ȻûһġʵϿ΢һǾ֪ˡ
һ׼յĸ·֣˿ȫЦ΢һˣһж߽⡣
ǿǵĲôƿشԪܱ
˲ԪҲɴ࣬Ӧ֮ǳ΢ͷҵһҲѧʵ΢ǰ̫ǿǶۼ΢ڴԪϿӭսһλɹ٣ɹٿ壬ѾΪ΢ֻǷ˾磬ǽɹβնϣܡ
ƣԪ˲֪δ֤֮ǰ֤ĵˣǸǳǵ
Կ΢˲Ԫ뷨ûУֱӾǹġǱˣԸû⣬΢˲Ԫ˿Կ϶϶Ҳָϡ
ԭܼ򵥣Է΢ͶˣαҪȵ΢Ѷ֮ų档
΢ûЩˣȨѾ֪һ䷢顣Ȼ˳ûҡ
΢ŤͷһۻͷѾſĳѪ˲Ԫʵ˭ָʹģ
˲Ԫɵ֪΢ʵʲô˼æţҲģһ¾ԣϢһ£ҵңŵôҿƴԪԷһԵӲʧǣ֪ˣĵһ
΢֪˲ԪֻһС󣬲ֵһСɫԼ϶㲻ϣ˿϶򵥣һ˭
΢벻ͨʱ˶ΪԼѾˣԼгֱӶԸԪͺãҪµ˲Ԫȡ֮λ
˭
ȷһʣ΢ʱҲ벻ף˲ԪǸˣԷ棬ģҲʡ
΢ͻȻ֮뵽һֿܣǾǶԷѹͲǳԼģʣ˭ԴԪҶģ
ȥҲֻˡ


ٶʮ Ź洦
΢ã˲ԪǸˣǳġ
Ϊһ΢뵽һˣǸʱԼնβֶ˹λӢ
˭Է϶˲ԪץһҪѶȼ󣬿ӢԷȻѾ֪ԼŻϢ϶Ͱƨɲɾˡ
Ǹףץסֻȴ˲Ԫˡ
΢ɨһ۵Ϲŵļˣңִϣ㣬УˣţʲôУӦδã
΢ŵһ¡Ҫ֪ƽڴԪҲϼߣ˵һڣ΢ֻһ仰ͽŵĻ
㻰أ΢һȣ˵
һ£ǲҲҲֻǲţУˣ˴ӷϳΪϡϳš
΢˵ͷã˭˭Ǵӷ
һ΢ģ˲ԪŵͷĵţֻһʱͿż˵Ĺƻ󣬻һʦ֣ʦ֣㿴ʦֵһķݶϣң˵˵鰡
Ǿ仰ǳȨ˵ģȨʦֵܣϵܺãͣҲȨһֽģʱǱֵĿޱȡ
ȨҲ̣˵仰뵽˲ԪΪʵ̫ˡŵҲˣɲǧ֮ͽԪĴԪõˡ
˵ԪһУ£˲ԪһǴۣȨһݣû˵
˭Լ˵΢ɫһ䣬һ²ҵ˶˲ԪʱǼǶ׼ʱ΢ǰǺ壬˵ǧӣ£ԿԵ춨ʤ֣΢ˣĳͻǿԱ֤ǧں֮ڵһӵһɶ
˲Ԫ˵΢ö˵̧һ㣬һԪָͼžһ˲ԪԵˤȥȥҲû
ҵȼѾǶֹסʵǶΪеľ֣֮ˣҲ϶ƴභǶ΢һûʵûеӡԪǰʲôУҲ֪˵㲻ϣ΢һ˽Ԫ׳󵽽̶ȣΪŵһ
ÿһ˳ȥԶһ棬ƫƫ΢ǰκη΢ҪɱǣҲҡ
ôʦ棬΢ʲôݣ
ԪʦԪӵʦܣ˶óʦүټ΢ΪһҲҷ
΢ûиκλᣬ˦ɨһ˲ǵΪ
˲ʱ䣬ڵϣȫǿѪ˲ήҲͷɢվվ
м΢ǰòίεģû뵽ǾȻǱ˲Ԫ˵ţһ΢ȻܹϢ
ŹŹ棬΢ûɱǣֻǷΪȻš
һ죬Ԫ¶ɫأ֪˴£΢ϢҲǴˡ΢Ǽϣͳټеӡ
΢ټ˭Ҳ
޴Ŀյϣǧӿ˵ˣԿһ붼ǵɵһƦ࣬һں
Ԫ΢Ź̵֮ǻ֪˿̶Ϊš
΢ͷһ͵˲Ԫһϵĵӣɵˣ־ҿ
ǧУ˿˻࿴һۣеСȻ֪ô΢˵һ飬˾֣ܿ죬һĵӶ
΢˿һϢʱ䣬ѵҴԪӷ彣һŵƷɽȥסˣֻһϢʱ䣬ʱߣߣߣɱ⡣
΢Ļף쳹ԪϿա
ǧӶɫһ䣬΢õ֮ġЩԭΪȻһ̣Ǳ΢Ըסˡһ̣һǼæ·Ȼܡǿ֪ⲻǿЦһӵǷɿ죬ȻһϢǧں֮Ѿ˸ɸɾ
ʣµĵӿ΢һ˵΢ֻƬʱ䣬ͽԪЩ缲һɨգǾԵʵ΢ˣû˻ġ
ȥһʱԪȷǺң΢֮еĵ̾͸оϣˣӰͶԵӵһģȨ¶Уֻ΢ԡ
괿ԪЩ֮΢лҪ˵


ٶʮһ ɵ
үŶ룬΢дһЩֹ
΢֪ԸҪ˵΢Ϊ֮εʵһһ
ǰڴΪô꣬΢Ȼóл˵΢±ʣ߹ȥѯʣһʼ΢ΪµϢˣԴӼǰ뿪ԪѰʦ֮󣬱Ѷ΢ҲǴ̽ܶΣҲǺ޽Ȼ֪µĽ
Ȼ΢ŪˣҪ˵ĺ޹أȻǹ˫ġ
˫΢һ㶡
үһǰҼһ㣬˵ڷɣѾǳ˵ǰ˺ܶ£˵أҪ㱨𣬲Ҿ״̬ԣ˵չүүһκ˫ݽһ飬˵֮˫ܿģǵļ䣬־ѹȥʵ˺ܶ鶼ǳı⣬֪ôģ֪ɣʶռЩ˵ģҾûƭҡ˵»ȪҪ㱨ɵ¡
΢һȻͷҲɵ¡
ԭ˫ΪһǵļѹסʶǻһˣֲûԼǰ㡣
˵ԼҲø˫ָԼҪġ΢ȷģ˫ѾͷʮͷţԼһΪ֮ǰǵѹƶԼȻΣ֪ԼġѶ϶᲻ϧһԼ
΢ЩΪ˫ǹΪʥսȴУҪԼ𣬻ô
ʱҲż΢룬ɴҲõˣֱȥ˫ͺˡ
΢˼䣬Ƿɽ磬ֱʥԺ
΢˵˫ڼ֮ǰ뿪֮û֪϶ҪˡʩչֶΣ΢ܿʥԺڶɣ˫鷿鷿ҲнƣܷסˣȴǷס΢
Ϊ΢ѹҪſڽȥںǽϣȡʦʻһš΢ǰһƣžȻӦȥ֮󣬾˫鷿
ʦУƾһȻǲڻ¡
鷿У΢ͷһ۾Ϳһ
ԼĻ
صʱԼ˫ҵһ벻ţ棬ԼãǱװѹ
һλãȻ˫ҹšϣ΢һȥдûһ֡
ֻĸ֣취ﵡ
ʲô˼
΢Щˣϸ۲һ֪֮ǰ˫ȥ΢ǲ֪ġĸϴźǿɱ˫дĸֵʱ򣬱ȻĴɱ⡣
Ա߰źܶɵ鼮ЩһǾӣ΢ⷭһ£֣Щ鼮Ȼǹβٿ취ﵵķţе鼮˫ֳ¼ģϾܿó
ʱһô͵͵ʲô˵һͺˡ
΢һ㶣æ˳ķ򿴹ȥ̿ʥ롣
ʥѾʥԺλߣֶҲ࣬ո֮ǰ΢ûзֶԷ
۹⿴ңʥԺʥ伮Щʥ֮Σ˶ο㡣һ࣬Ȼʥǰ뿪δ飬Ҳ²⣬Ȼȥ͵취ȥˡ
ʥ취Ǻ΢ʵ
ˣҲһ´Ѱ˰֮꣬ʯ΢֪ǣܽһ䣬һ䡣
΢ͷţ˫ת
ȻҲ㲻֪ǵһ̵ֽĵӣǾɣūͣתˣٶʥ֮λҲּ⡣£ҲǺ֪ʥɫЩŭ⣬ʥԺεʥǾ֮һҲȾָ
΢ѾԭίΪ˫ͻȻ䡣ѹסǵʶҪΪԼֻܽϾΪʵܶԸŷ
˫ƻȡ취ﵡһɱŷ
ǼΪ󵨵뷨۳ɹ˫³Ԥɹ͵취ﵣȥɱŷºܷŹ
Ҳһ֮һʱ˫Ȼȫﻮ£ռ취ﵵĳﻮԼǰȥʵʩƻ
ֻҪ죬ԼͿֹ¡


ٶʮ ǧһ
ʲô΢Ȼǲ֪˫ǰ뿪ʥԺʱܶ飬ʵʩ˼ƻûУ
΢һ£ҡҡͷȻ˫ӦûûüжճΪҪӭӷ棬ʱھ˵һʩ޼΢ǵãԷһﵡ
ʱ˵⻰˼Ǹ΢Ŀɽʩ޼ʱ΢Ҳֲ֪õڳϵ˾޴ܳΪ֮һٶһΪʩ޼ݴѾǽΪһɽȻ޿֡
λֵȻڳϴŷﵣ˵˫ûгɹһʧˣһûü֡
΢ϣǵڶ֡
Ҳһûм緢֡ȥɣҿʥûü֣ҵüֹȻȡ޿ˡʥʱ˵ԶȻûüֹ˫
΢֪̬ȥ˫Ǵ룬΢иֱ˵ķֹ
΢ʥһȻκ࣬ʧ١
ż꣬ͨĶʥ֮ҶĶˡʥʱ򿴵ƾʧ΢
΢һȥ磬ȻվΪȴǼ洦Ȼûнܷ֮λ΢ķҲ֤ʥԺ΢ֱǰ졣
иԵɹʩ޼ɹλȺɽۣ֮޴ޱȡ΢Ǵĵǰȥ
ͬʱʩ޼ɹУװŮ˫ںڶŮƫС
֪ԼΨһ΢ϣǵõʩ޼취ﵡֻ취ﵣɱŷ飬Ҳڴ֪̽ǺŷϮ£ô΢϶ںŷ
˫֪ʵŷ˺ֹʮǧҪ˵ɱҲûпܡ
취ﵣһ취ж˫Ȼɽ繥ϣ취ǰŷҲס취֮
ȻҪ߶취Ҳ£һ˫һЩţһʱѾ˼ɰաˣ⹥ҲѰܼԦģһܻᱻﵷֻ˫罫֮⣬һ۳ɹûŻ
һǣʩ޼Ҳ̵ɹҲϤ˵Ҫȡʩ޼취ﵣֻгʱпܡ
ʩ޼ΪȻ֣ɹҲһָʩ޼Ҳϲϯÿһ£ŮɹǰȾ֡ʩ޼۵Ȼʮ㣬ÿһʩ޼ϯɢȥɹг˯ҹ
˫ڵʱ
Ϊ£ǰհţŮУȻɹȴϯʼ⼸գܣȻǲ֪
ߵЩŮǴŮɵоϸѡģ˵ʩ޼רŮҪвף˫ҲֶΡ
Ůһϵã˫ɹȻװɶԷӻ켣Сһ裬ҪᱡɴԵҲ±ϳ
գеŮȻʩ޼ͻϯ
˫٣֪һʧ裬Ȼ뷨ӲУʩ޼˯лȡ취ﵡ
˫һαûŻȥ
ŮȣƤòһϣ˫˿ƻﻮһ꣬ҲһգԼ档
һйµɹٹŮǽ롣
˫ڶŮһӯһɹʱŮʼ衣
Χ˺ɹ٣֮ϣʩ޼
˫Ȼֶڵò¶ԷϳԼֻǵͷ裬һ๦ûа£񣬺ΧŮ
һֻҪ뿪ʱںһ֮£ȴʱͺá
ʱ˫ͻȻֲĿɨԼϣͷһ֪ʲô¡ȴ֪αΧŮãĿ⣬ȻܵĿʩ޼ʱͶĿ⣬˫ãԷûע⵽Լãע⵽ʩ޼ΪԼ׼Ҳδȥ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻһɹ٣ʩ޼Ʒɹ٣΢


ٶʮ о
΢ʲôϯ֮ϣҲ֮ʱ˵ȲķӦ˫΢֣һ٣̳©Ŀⶼŵ˸ȥûע⵽˫
ʩ޼ˣɹٶȥʩ޼ô˵
ͼʩ޼
Ů裬˫о඼Ҫһ۾ڣܰɣ΢Ѿڷôô
ż˫ʱʱĴڣҲҲͲǿ⣬ڶҲƿĿ⣬ٿ
ʱ߽һλˣֱǰݼʩ޼΢
΢˿֮̽󣬳ʩ޼¹΢ݼֵ
Ȼû΢û΢˫˵һЩû
һ˫ʶѹǣ֮󣬶΢˼˵սҲΪˣԸԱ֮΢͵ȡʩ޼취ﵡ
ڣ΢ȻĻȻǼĲѡϣȥҲչ¶ֺֻŮһ衣һ˫ĿѾ΢ϣŲطˡ
΢дģʱ治˵Ͼɹ
ʩ޼ȴһȻһڱ΢Ϊ£
Ȼʩ޼Ĵڣûа΢һ£˵΢˵һֻϣֵһᡣ
ֻǶԷǰݷãҪģͿ΢ô˵
΢ǹֵ¹Ľֻǰ밲ͬʱһЩ񣬻Цɡ
һǰЦ΢ͽģҲֵʩ޼εݣÿ첻֪СɹҪͽᣬ΢Ҳʶʱ񣬲ֵδػӡ
Ȼʩ޼밲ԣˣΪɹ٣ɳ֮Ϊأ֮»Ϊȥɡ
˵˰֣ڸϲӬ˼΢ˡ
ˣܴ裬ǰݻᣬûκκԣҲգ˼˵΢ˡ
ƨʸûС
΢ȴԤһ㣬ͷ¹پͲŵˣ¹ٸˡ
˵깪˳ȥЩҲȫߡ
ԼʲôҲͽʦ𣬲΢ǻˣϧ֪̫ˡʱǸˣ΢ɱ֮ģ΢İͽʩ޼治ҼٶԸ΢
ʦʩ޼Կ΢ﶼգǽԷֱӴ򷢻ȥѾ൱ˣϲ΢ôҲǴ΢ҽ֮±ȻΪЦöã죬΢Աͻᴫ΢ҲǼսԵ˵ȻǺ¡
ĺˬ֮࣬ⲻ֪΢ĿĲİݼʩ޼
΢ĿļΪ򵥣Ǿ֪΢
˫û֣ôԼ˾٣ʮа˾ſ˫֪˫ð͵ȡ취ﵣΪ˸Լ֪ԼûȻȻûбҪȥðա
ɹߵʱ򣬾вЦȻȡЦ΢ȡ裬΢ǵĿ⣬߳ɹ֮󣬾ͷ𣬵볤ڣȻѰһأϥ
ʱżԶɹһŮɣǼҴظϵ˫
֮ǰɹ֮ڣ˫΢Ǿϲӣεȴϻۣȵ΢뿪֮ϸһ룬֪΢Ŀġ
Ϊ˸ԼţԲŵ˵ȥݼʩ޼ò˵˷Ч˫ȻǷ˽ļƻ֮󣬾뷨Ȼգ˳
ȵļظϵʱ򣬾ͼԶһ˵΢
˲䣬˫ͣΣԶһ˫ĿѾ顣
΢˫ȫҲ˿˵ʵĿǰҲֻһ㣬Ͼֵʩ޼ǰԼ˫ǶǺ޵ֿ֮˫ܼʱ
˫Ҫ˵΢˵ֹȻʩչң淨˲ʧ٣Ծ֮ȻǴɽһ·뵽˽統С
ʱ΢ŵ˫̫ðʧˣֵεȾ磬ǻ㾡Ҳ͵취ﵣ㡭
΢û˵꣬ȴǿ˫ǰһգѾᴽԼϡ
΢ҲЩ񣬲˫ֻһ£̶㿪վһԵ˫֮ǰԲִ飬˫ѵƴΪ㱨֮Թ޻ڣû뵽ִûִ˫϶Ӵ˽١


ٶʮ ΰ΢
֮΢Ѿ֪ʱ˫˫Ȼȥ꣬ǸǰŰݷʱǸС
΢Ƿˣ˫ղһǣ΢ûжᣬ˫Ӹˣ֪ղһǹ˶ʣҲʡ
ִ磬֪кö໰˵˫С˵΢ǹһЦ޷һԣɽʲôطãȱ˽һ֮ʱҲܿɹ󣬽Ǿͻع鷲һΣȥԾƣ
ܾȻ˫΢Ҳ鼫ѣ̫£ҲҪһԼı΢εˣ۾绹ǵλ˺ܶ࣬˫һѡҲʥ֮кܶܰæ⣬΢Ҳ˫ڵĴ
˽һЩصУƼһڵʱͻһЩ͸ԣ֮ؾͲһˣһЩȻƵĵطҹҹ衣
˿ĳˮһҾ¥ȻҹҲУ¥һϣ΢˫Զ̲ˣһƣѾǳ̸á
ִ磬һҾ㣡˫΢ƣȻȸΪǰ˫ƾ͵ͷΣ϶ˣǳΪʥ֮󣬱˵ƣҲȲ˵ľ
ҲΪˣܶෲ˾ƼΪ˱ԼҵľƺãеĸɴͽԼҵľΪһ΢еҲϧǷһ
˫һǵľҲ΢΢ףǰԼҲֻȲѡϾʩ޼ˣʩ޼ĵӣȻðԷ
֮⣬ܶɣᵳӪ˽飬˫Ҳ֪
ִģһǰ֮󣬾ûٰǣʥԺͬ𴦣ʥڣ˵ʩ޼λɽ֮һҪӰʥԺףҲΪҵġ΢ĵ˫˵
ҲСĽãʩ޼ҪԸ㡭΢û˵꣬˫ЦҲʥ͸ִ磬ִڣ˭¡
΢һʱЩ˫ǱˣñǰӴˡ
ִ磬ҿЦɱ棬Ͼɳ֮Ҳֻʩ޼һҪΥذ£ҲᱻڸŲôɵֻҪκβңִ㣬ո˵ѾȥԺһְҿʵ̫ðգĸڣҲδٸȡһ˾֮λҪ֪Ժ٣Ʒϣ󲿷ֶƷΪҲߡ˫˵˼ԣ˵΢֮ǰľٶЩ̫ðʧˡ
΢ȴҡͷԺãûʲôʥٶԺ٣λûһ䶯һΣպһᣬһҸով֮ң˵й֮ˣĸ̽ңǿҵı֣ǲôˣȻ̰ģҾ̰һ㡣ʵڲУ΢ҲкС
˫ͷһȻ΢룬ִ磬Ҫ˫æ㾡˵˫ִ֪Ʋ˫˫һʱѾִͨδ˫˫Ըִ硣

죬ĸɹ
һݺõɲ裬ĸңÿĸվһʯͷɵСǰĬ
ǧСأȻ߶೤ȴǻʵһ
ǻ㣬ɡˡ磬ĸʱ̽硣գĸֻڿ㡣
蹧ĵݹȥ룬̲סʵĸˣһʡ
ĸͷأȥɣʣԶ𣿡
һ֪ĸ϶֪ԼҪʲôЩңҲֻǰʵ飬ܴѾˡ
ĸԸһ䣬ʼȲ裬£һ߽һλ̬ϣΪɹ٣Զ
ݼĸˣԶʱɳڹٵУܶ඼пɽֿɽеʱҵ֮Զǰĸ꣬ĸеĻܹĸЯȻ㲻νϵĸԸ飬ȻΥ
Զֻһ£ԭͥѾ񲿵٣ʱûкѡһֱͷˣ㣬ٿкʵѡˣĸʵ
ԶܳΪ٣ȻѰˣһ֪ĸţҲҲ˵ʵæĸˣͥƷɹ٣𳯻ҪҪдɳĲᣬ׫Ȼ󲼸£νǼΪҪĹְһʱҲвٺѡ֮ˣͨ츮ƷةĆʥԺƷİŻɱӪƷʿ誣оƷѲκ壬˺Ҳϣ


ٶʮ Ʒ
ͣһ£Զ棬ĆϣģΪһǵͦһǸ߼İݰֵܡ
ȻЩѡĵϸԶ֪Ǳʣ϶˵ôϸĸʣǲһ
νϣǾ˵⣬Ʒٿ϶Ć誵в
ĸ˵ͷٸҼһѡԭԺƷ٣΢
Զ뿪ʱҲ¶ݡ
ĸרŽѯٵ飬󻹷Ըںѡ˵мһ
ⰵʾԣԶ֪ĸ˼һ鶹ײˡֻʵЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ĸɹѾܾúܾˣ쾹Ȼ
Ǹ΢Ҳ֪ȻЩһµӣεºܣȻĸרŰš
һٵˮöˣҸˡ͸߼ûһʡ͵ĵƣ߼˵ĿɽǾˣ֪飬ƾ誣ΪİݰֵܣˣҪռݳҪְǵҲһͨ츮ƷةĆҲҾ˵Ҫǣֵʩ޼
Ⱦ˵ĿͷԶǵﲻ
¾͹ˣȻҲһ궼ûжѡڿɵãĸȻǺһܣ΢
һ¸ѡ鷳ˡԶ˿ǿɥǱˣ˽ûôΪѣĸĸĻθҲ
ҿĸ˵˼΢Ҫλһͱ뷨Ӱ΢λű֣΢ȲǼˣˣԶҲ΢
ŷ
΢΢һҲ֪ôĸ˵ģȻֵĸԿ˵£ĸԿ˵ˣֵ;Ҳûãã£Ҿ͸ˣҲٵеٵԶʱ˵
ͬʱĻֻһ
ĸʱ΢һұһѣʧɳȹ̣Ѿ⻼ϣЩ԰ɳɹѹء
˵꣬ĸ̾һɫĪ
Զ˽ںȾƵ΢Ȼ֪ɽ緢Щ飬˵ʵԼǰ;΢ҲЩġ֮ǰ˵ģˣĸûаһ΢ҲȷкС
ٻħ˾߶ԺԼƷǲģǰƷʱһʱ䣬Ϊʱ򣬾͵˺͵ԼŶӡ΢ûȻǲѲԼ΢ֻҪʱܺϵҪԸҲǼаյġ
˵ľƺȲƲ˫˿˫룬΢Ȼǳѹסǣ˵ʵڵģѾںϣǵԸеʱҲӰ˫
ǰ˫ûôӣȥ΢ֳϺĶ΢
΢ҲǱ˫ҳջ񶢵ЩڣʱԱϼԾƵĽͶò׵˫˰ˣ͡ǶȨƣϲ黨ǲݣƽЩӹ֬׷ܺŮһ˫Ტۡ
˵֮ˣôãҲȲŮɡ
˫ʥһʥ⣬ȴʧŮһӾܼ˵
⼸׳˵˿̽žƾȴ߹˭ҵС㣬˿ΣҹһȾƣ̸˵Σ
˵ֱһ㣬ǵϷ˶֪ǼǣȻû˸¡
˫üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼŭ˴գ΢ǰĺã˫Ѿͷܲˣ΢֮ǰȻһûаѳס⼸ңǽ΢ȼü֮
¶˵һƾͽͷڵء
΢ȫûһԱ֤ͿֻǱԭתȦֻͻſڴ֪΢
ΪʲôֱӴˣ΢ҪΣȻŭЩǴһá
΢˫ȻǲܳԿˣԿǷǲˡǼһĴ΢šǴūͣʱȥȱˡ΢Ȼܸɵԭ˫ҪߣʱԷľȱȻǵˡ
ͼŵۣʿ̤߽ڵϰļǰѯʣǼ˴ưոݣָ΢ʦҪͽҵֻǺĽύȴǶ˵ֱӶִˣʵд


ٶʮ һıʿ
¥ϴ˿ѾҳһţǼ۵ʿԲѰˣϢǿᡣԼͽܱ۸ˣ⼸ʿȻɫһ䣬΢
΢Ц⼸û̫ȻǼϷ˫˫ܵϷģ˵ҲǿЩһﻯΣȻԼ治֪˫ǰĺ
ֻҪ⼸һϢģԼ϶Ҳ׷
ǿļʿ΢;ԼԸϢˣ˼һԸء
⼸ʿΪش󾳣һ󾳣ڷʿУǿִһŵĴڡԹƢ󣬸˵Щʿغ绽꣬ͨǿ̫࣬ԹɵҪ⣬඼ҪԶ볾ǲ뱻쳾ӰС
ͳɵҪĹˣҪһǲܵġǣʿħöȡΪѪаΪҲа֮֡
ǰ⼸λȻΪѾɫȮȾˣҪΪѾϼѣֻܱڵľ磬Ҫôħапܼ
˿̣⼸ʿ䣬´΢Ȼǽ̳ͽȻѧղԸѰûκ⣬һƽǴڵصģ϶ͨˡ
֮̽£ȴǿ΢κβ֮ͬȴΪǵľ̫ͣܿ΢Ĳ΢Ҳֵ̫Ǯˡ
⼸ʿҲǶޱߣһ˳ǺˣΪδͽܣ
΢ôЩˣ֮ǰһƣҲֻССĽѵһµϷ˫˵΢ѾˣΪʲôˣ΢Ȼᡣʱ˫Ҳջѣ⼸˴գЩ׷ҲûбҪ΢Ҫ뿪
վס˵ܣŶûС˵ԹŮʲôˣʲôطģ֪֪Ǵʲôˣһ֪Ĺүҿǿ϶ˣ˵ֱӰѺΣʱܵġʱһĹʱƽ۸۸ˣȻǿ
ô򣡡˫ʱɫһ䣬Ҫ֪ѾǺ϶Ϊһǿɲ֮˿˵һôǸʥ֮⣬Գƣžһ죬Ǹ˲ʱ䱻úףڵϹȦͣסͷת򣬸˵һ죬һѪ˳
ֶΣ˵˫Ҳˣһ֮£Ҫɱһ˼ֱһֻѲ˶١
΢һҡͷĵǸӵû£ǿЩȥȽϺãЩ˾Ǵȥʵڵݶ
ϷǰҲҶǱһʿŭΪ˫Ҳһʿĳˣ¾Ҫ֣ʱһϵ߹⼸ˣλѾ飬㾹Ȼǿٸҵһ㡣
˵һ´磬ǵţͲ󣬿ȥʮ꣬ȴһǺơ
ղǼҪֵʿһˣȻèһɫ䣬æ񣺡ԭţ֪ţڴˣƷƣԭ¡
⼸ʿǼˣҲŵĹ񣬲ҶԶȻǿеţܲ򵥡
ţ˴˿ûˣǾֱߵ΢˫ǰȻһףͬʱţλˡ
һ£Ŀɿڴ΢˫ҲЩԾ
ȻǿǵݣһͲ
˫ÿɷ񣬴΢뿪ֻ΢ţ֮۾һʾ˫ҪżЦҲû뿪ʱţˣ˴˵ĵطʮҵľǶλûб£Ʋǰ
ã΢ͷһλӦһ̣һӣһ紵¥۾һٿĻ˵Ӱ
һĻ亹ֱһЩ̱ڵء
ֱڣûиӦ˶һԪΧҲǺޱ仯ԷȻƾʩ
Ҳмʶģһģֻһˡ
ˡ
˫ɻ󣬲΢ִҪȻֻܸš˿΢һͨͨᵱУŶŵţȴһļ䡣ţ˳Ƶһıʿ˻ңʮʱ˽ʮ˵Ǳʫ飬Ĳɼߣóıԡ


ٶʮ ëԼ
һʱ΢˵λһıʿ˵ţ˽ʮȥ磬ȥ磬ʶ㡣
ţһƪ֤ɣλͥᣬҲһδ档΢Ȼ֪ôһˣû뵽һżһıʿ
˵ıʿ丨˻ʣóıߣνǬ־ķţ˿ȴһͨˣֻĲżߣıԼǿˡ˵ţжߣһ£Ǿ·һɱ˲գ۵ɽ˶ΪţɣϾֻһ鲼£ȴȻһɽȻڧɱһʣ
һģֻ֪֮󣬲֪Ҫȴһ˳ɹ⻹㣬ֻҪƵˣҲûһӵùеѾǷʿŪڹƵСҲΪˣǾ¥ϵ˲Ż˾ºͶ
Ƿˣȴ˾Ҳʵ˲ˡ
֮ǰھ¥ʱ΢ȷûע⵽ˣ֪ԷʶԼ˫ġ
ţ׼˵ʲô˶Լв΢⿪ɱ䡣
һıʿ
ھԵʵǰһж̸΢ԹⷽĿᡣڣԼҪɱţһͷͿıٸΣ
ıԣֻΪǿ߷ġ
ţҲ΢ڵ˵΢΢һЦ΢һ裬ִˣʥժҰ裬Զɽɲ裬ҲǱһζִƷһ
˫һ˫ƯĴ۾˿΢΢ţȻǻɶԷûӲɣ˾Ȼһϳ˭һ˲˼飬ǶԷֱһˣûɵʶɽˣ
΢˫ɺܶ࣬ӿ˿ֺһڣȻͷ˵ǲ֪Ұ裬һζ
ţЦЦȻţĽִˣվżԷԣԵ֡ţΪëԼ׷ˣ˳ȫ
˵꣬ţȻǳ΢һݡ
˫ʱ΢ִ磬Ź֣вţ
΢˫԰꣬Էһ½ϳ΢Ҳף˵ţоԼԼ鱨硣
֪Լĺ˫ĳ໹Աϵص㣬Ȼһϳ΢һ֪ţȷʵѧģһţ͵λԶһ΢ֻΪҪ׷Լ
΢һ꣬˵ұãܣѰ˰ɡ
˵꣬΢ֺһڡ
ţƺϵ΢ô˵ִɣţҪ׷ˣȻ˽ˣ˵ĹϵѺ͵ˡˡţֱԣȻѾɳƷλʵȴʮ΢ΣգԲ񣬾ͿܱżȥΪӣ޵֮˴ӷѾʺԺΪ٣Ժ֮λȻʱˣһȴ죬ǹ٣ڴ֮ǰȥݻһɹ٣ӻҪʱͶ״ֻԺְ˾иһĿܡ
ⷬ˵΢еͷţһ鷲ˣ˽ЩϢѾ൱ףһӦ˲⻹ǶԷ֪࣬˽ͳϵ飬ǻиõĽ顣
ʵϣ΢֮ǰĺţ˼·һǾǳԺԺֻһ壬¾һᣬ΢ôġ
˵ʵţȷвŻ΢ҲЩĶû˵ֺһڲ衣
һڲ꣬豭оֻʣһ㡣
ţż־Զ󣬿ɳٳ۸ӣΣأգһ˼ƶ̣ţศ˹·ͨٳսţԸ˵ȷ١
΢ǲΪһ£ţһغͽţͼҲɹٹٳˣǰţԼţɳ٣Ψдţ
΢ٺȣһβҲȥ
֮΢һ˫ҪȥţʱЩˣȻ׷ȥƽǶѣţǶ︱
һ£΢ͣ£ŤͷһţЦǰһƨһããԺңʱд֤ģңģĿ϶ܹʥ
˫һãȻţһЦ΢Ī⣬֪Ƕˣƫһô˼Цˡ


ٶʮ ȻкϢ
΢ȷţƽʶⷲ˽磬˭Ϣͨ
˶ܳҡ
ԼĶҲֻжɳô˺ɹ٣ԷȴƫƫҪ׷Լһ΢ɵġ
νĽ֮Ļ΢ǲŵģ϶ԭͶƽйأǾͺˡ
΢˫͸ղŲͬ˫֪Էûж⣬׷֮Ҳûٱţ΢ǹޱȣʵ֣Ҫ˵ƣ΢һ㶼Ȼͬƽ˵ĺѶԸ
ˣ֤һдʥ˿Ҫ飬ʥǰԼ䣡ţʱЦ
ʱһˣ΢Ҳǹһ񣬵ؼִˣδִ˷ɡ
΢һˣˡ
΢ɳɹٵĵһطҩɽҩɽ΢ʵ˵ʱİĽء
ǰŮӣĽء
Ľþò΢ǺһЦĽˣҩɽʱĽҲûٰ벻һξ⼸ȥ
΢óĽؽ֮ȻȻţԣ֪˹ϵһ㡣
뵽Զʳصƽ΢ЦЦӴǴŮΪĽܸƽء
ĽɵʿΪҲĿ磬ʮ꣬п֤ɣʱһɵˣһɣȷɷˡ
ĽˣţǶ︱ҲԼˣ΢ҲûԼǰĴ˵˵˳µһıʿţʲô뷨ͽ顣
ţһ΢Ȼĸǹ٣ͷʵִһܹʵ˲ĸô֮ģ㲻ڳרô˹ȥ̽ˣһ˲ǿԽԺƿУп٣õҪ
΢ͷ֮ǰҲôģȻЩðգֻҪ³ɣĵ·ͻһ˳
ִˣӲҪϣ˭ӣҪǿǸҪӣҾӡţʱ˵ԱĽִˣţʶ꣬ĲѧıԶԶǶҲδıǿţţҲһҪɳٳǴʩԮ֣ţظм
΢ЦЦĵţȷвŸɣҽɳԼҲҪ־ĵĲ£ԷһҲûʲô
ҾԼţʵҲǿ̤ɳ;ġһţϻȻһٳɣ̤ɳٳ
ǣһͨԼλʱҪʮꡣ
Ȼˣܵõôһ˵Ȼû⡣
֤֮ͨѰңʱҿܲ㰲һλ΢ʱ˵Ҫ˵㣬ţǱȵԼҪߺܶ࣬Һ͵Լֺơ
ԼΪ̤ɳٳػսȴʼҲͨԨŵóԸ
ǸʱԨ΢ĹˣڣԼţĹˡ
˼䣬΢˫ŸǡǱǵ˽˵˵ȺȾƣû뵽ȻҲǳô顣һǵһıʿţҲһ¡
صɽ֮΢˫ʥԺ˫ʥݲȶҽҪлᣬ˫һȡԳΪʸμӳɹ١
Լڳϣֶһ
Ҫ˵΢ΪɹǴӽ쿪ʼſʼ齨ԼõˣڣҲֻǺѣǲ¡΢ҪģȫΣȫ֧ԼĲ¡
ʱ΢õɳ飬˵Ʒɹ٣ͥٵĺѡᵱУͥ⼸ѡһμͥԡ
΢õϢʱĿɿڴȻû뵽Ȼô졣λ΢ҲĺܣȨƻǵλǶǰԺҪǿ˺ܶ࣬һǹһƷ⳯Ǽ¼֮£Ȼ׫ģ¡˵һ֧ʣľɳϣٴ£ͨһ֧ɵġ
֮⣬ʸμͥᣬʸµġ׫ĹģҲϳʸλִˣǸһĵģֻڹƫ̻ص˵һĳˣĳ£ЧҲԹ
ΪˣٲŻҪ
΢ҲԼֻǱΪѡԱǾԼΣҲ˵»û䶨΢֪ĸŵģȻĸŵģôԼλĿԻ൱ġ


ٶʮ ΢ƨ
ٿ⼸ʸһλˣͨ츮ƷةĆʥԺƷİŻɱӪƷʿ誣оƷѲκ塣
⼸΢ô˽⣬΢֪ͨ츮ڵΧ˵ĆǵˣǵˣǱֵʩ޼
Ǹ誣ɱӪǸ߼ƿصģʣԷ˭ĴѾǲԶһʥԺһѲ츮϶Ҳ˳ţǵ͸߼ˡ
΢̫˽еȻĸͨ츮ƷةĆɱӪƷʿǾѡλҪͺ֪ܶ࣬ɳҲűҪӾƷֱӽƷƷһѶȻǼġ
Ҳ˵⼸лλģĆ誺Լ
΢֪յĳԣ϶Ҫ˭١ĸȨƣֱԼҲӦÿԣȻЩ鲻̫ԡһЩǸˣܲܰסǾҪԼʵ
˷ҲԼʵӲС
΢ҲûٻشԪǾڳϢȴյĳᡣ
ͬʱͨ츮ƷةĆΧ˼ˣ˿̶һͽı飬ϾһĆİͷˡ
ȻĆԼһܵõǸ˶ĴۣרŴżΪصȥݻ˵ġ
ټȷ㹻ͨ츮ƷةλҲʮ꣬Եѡȥְλ
Ȼø̵·ѾˣɳٱϾȨƺܴĹְֱܵӶᣬŪɺѡѾǾʣµģֻܿĆԼˡ
ϣĆǼġ
ˣǷˣɱͨԺֵܡһͨ츮ɹٰͽ˵ͨ츮ССɹҲв٣ʸμͥᣬǲɳȨģĆܳΪƷ٣𿴱ֻǹһƷʵϣһ죬ƽơ
ĆֻȻǵޱȣʱ߽һɹ٣ĆһæӭȥΪǵĸȻƷߣĆҲ
ɹһλӵĆɫЩ޹֮֮󣬲ŵˣ㣬һ⡣
Ćһ㶣ȻóԷ˵ʲô飬жʱһ
ԭֻĸѡߣոǱߴϢһˡ
˭
΢
֣ĆҲɫһ䣬ûӣ΢Դ̤ٳ̫֮ˣɳ£֪Ć˿˵ڣû˵΢ģǷëǡ
΢ΪҲ⳯٣
ǿĆ뷨Ǹŵɹٵ£Ҳǳ⣬Ѿȥˣͬʱ㣬ճİٹٻ֮أҸ㣬һҪ£Բ΢λ
¹֪¹һ߾ȫĆæ̬Ҫ˵ģеģͨ츮ʮة٣оԵᵽλá
ܣǿĲɣ׫鷨ұɳ⼸ĆУ΢ɹȴһҰ·ӣҩ԰٣ħѲ٣Ժ٣ⶼʲôʲô΢Ҳֻͷѣ϶ûʵѧĆȴةλʮ֮꣬ǰİ٣˾ıʸɹ٣Ҫ˵ɱĆ֪϶΢Ķ֣Ҫ˵ʸӣд£鷨ʮ΢ҲȲĆԣ΢ƨ
΢ƨɱӪƷʿʱһĲм
ҲǸոϢ˵һѡߣ΢һȻ˵ʵ΢֮ǰܳΪԺ٣Ѿвƾʲô
һ̤ɳٳļһƾʲôһ죬ƾʲôλ֮ͥϣվ֮ǰ
Ҫ˵ĸѡĸ΢ǿٶǳһӵˣɳʮǣ԰΢൱
ΪɱӪĴʿȻس֮Ǿ鷨ıʴһɺɱ֮
һ㣬Ĺ޷ġ
ļģԼɱַ֮ģԽĹѪͷıɱ֮ģԲֻǹལɱС
ΨһܺҲֻͨ츮ةĆ΢ŲϺš
˿ĴУ߼ݰֵҲڣ˿誾ʣ֣΢ƾʲôܳΪѡߣǲ̫ࡣ
߼ҲΪɻѣֻ֪ԶģĪǣ΢λƷ٣


ʮ ٹٻ
Զɲһˡ
ΪߣΪ֮ҲˣԶܷΪˣôпܻʮڳΪִˣǾɳĸ߲ˡ
ִҪֻģϰҪֻһΣΪҲҪ˾һǾһеʱչһΣܾͻȥϰ꣬Ȼִ˲ȫͶԲŻֻƶȡ
΢ĿԶǵȷ鷳֮ǳְλһҪһΪҪĹְɳĿ࣬ϴ´ԱֻƷλҪеʱһЩƷɹٶҪöࡣ
ĆһҲʮ㣬鷨źǿ֮⣬ĆҲȲʺɳϵȨϡ
ϵܣģǱĹλ΢Щвǳ٣ɲǴɱɱܽģҶĲɺ鷨ĵġ߼˵Ҫסһ㣬ճٹٻص㣬΢ĆҪǣ̰ģһΣҸ߼ҲҪһ£ֻҪõٵλãҾͻȥϵֻ֮ҪҲ֮ʱĹλϣ֮ϣǵͺܿɹˡ
ַģճᣬұȻᵽλɱʮ㡣
ɽ糤죬ԶԼ̹ٵ棬Ըκ֮͡Ȼ֪΢ΪѡĹ·ȥ֮󣬱Ȼвǰ̽Ϣ̽ڷ磬вԼĺѡֻ£Զκ˵ճǾٵİٹٻԣҲ˵վнֻҪһգȵһ˶ԣǾûˡ
˿̣ͼĸ塣
ȥĸ鼸֪Ҳûкκ˵ԼԶĸҲ֪ԭͬҲ൱棬Ҫ֪Ϊܴ˻ڰٹٻǰһ죬ͻȻһѡ
ˡĸոտڣԶ͵ʲôʣú塣
ĸҲǷˣһ֪Լ֪Ĵ𰸣ֵСһϣԶ˵·Ƚ覴áĸҲǴ֮ˣ̷Ӧ֪ܴ˴˿ľȣ˵ʱѡ£ܴԼ֮⣬Ҳ˵˭λܴ˶ܵӰ죬ܴ˵˼ٻӰ졣
ĸҲһĿɽԶҪ֪ٵľ漰ϼУԶͽȥ϶ǣɼȻܴ˿£˵һ¡
ܴ˱ĿɽӲȹ̡
˵Ҳһ£Եڶ֣ǺԶɱѽѷ֡
˵ڶգɽ죬ɹٶƽ޺˻ʣȻҲ˲١
ʵЩвٶ΢ġ
΢Ȼ֪ĳҪ˵ҪԱôҪԵˡ
΢ߣȫֵ֧ģ˽ʮ˻ǱߣططҲ£˼˻֧΢
֮⣬΢ԺĿɶڵˣҲиһ΢Կ϶ʥԺҲ֧Լ
ܲȡƷ٣΢Ҳаٷ֮ٵİգ϶ȫԸ
һγᣬ΢ǰֱӽ룬ΪΪܵĺѡ߻ǳ֮٣ûʸμͥģֻܺ档
⼸ѡҲվ棬һ֮ٽ롣ʱ߼˹ɨһվŵɹ٣ˣֱӳһĸߴɹ߹ȥＸȻݺݵɨ΢һۣͥᡣ
΢֪Ǹ͸߼˵ľɱӪƷʿ誡
һҲˣһѡɹ۾һæǰŵ
ֻǵͷӦʣǸѡɹٿ϶ͨ츮Ćͬ·΢ʱ򣬵Ҳɨһ£΢䲻֪γΪٵĺѡҲ϶˲ʵֶΡһ䣬ԶΪٵģڳλɹ٣һҪǿٱ
˵꣬һ˦ӣ΢ش𣬾߽ͥᡣ
΢΢΢һЦûӰ죬Էô˵ȻĿĵģһԼģԼŭ䣬ĸѡ߹Լ
΢һٶƫƫûĵı֣ǲԼʵѹҪԼ˵Щ
Ȼ˵ˣ˵ԼΪ١
Ȼˣ΢ҲöԷù¸л㣬΢ȫԸΪ١


ʮһ Ķһ
΢ܴ󣬸оǵвɹȻޱȡ
Ѿͥĵʱһڣû뵽΢˵ĺ޳ܣȻô˵
Լ
ɹٶͶɫҲ֪νͣǱĿѹŭж΢ĺһ㡣
ո⻰΢֪϶΢ô˵ֻһĿģǾ
ʱ΢¼λҲˣ΢ҹ֪ͨǰȻǰ񣬼޺΢˵˼仰볯ᡣ֮طż˻Ǽ˻ʶ΢ʮֹط΢ϼλ˻ʣֻܽȻҲ϶վڵ͸߼һߵġ
ȵطǶȥˣͼλ΢ɹҲˡ
΢ٷͬСɣһҪ¡ڻû˵Ǳ˾ͽѾǿ˵Ȼ΢ٺġ
ʵǶ֪ټΪҪ΢֮ǰԺ٣ȥȻʵҲֻвμӳȨӰ̫ޡɳȴͬǿԲμӳᣬµȨҪģҪͨﳯ֮⣬϶ɳ߲㣬¶
˾ͽ͵͵΢˵Ļ˵ǾԣڵƷ֮λƷ١
ȵڵ˽ȥ֮΢ſԱѾһĿɶ
ɶѾʽΪԺ٣΢ǸÿԼС
ȻɶʵͿ϶Ҫ΢󣬵΢ǰɶȴǱֵĺһ
ִˣԺ¶֧㣡ɶҧ촽˵Ĺλ˵΢øģÿɶһֱΣѾ⣬һ飬һѡ΢
ȥɣλ˾õȣ΢ЦЦÿɶ볯ᡣ
ʱ򣬻ɹٶѾͥᡣ
΢ĸѡɹپ͵棬΢ƽ򶨱Ć˾Щˡ΢ǰϾǳɹ٣ܶˣڳ֮ϣ͸߼˶ǹལı۹νǼġĆˣȻɹٵͷҪܶ࣬ʵϣȲ΢⼸
˵⼸˶ͷһͥᣬûȥѾޱȡ
ʱͥѾԳһְ۵Ĳɿֱһ㡣
ѡɹٶиԵ֧ߣ˿۵˭ʺϵһְλ
ʣµιٵɹ٣һʸٶǵιְλʮɹ٣ͨ츮ةĆѡʮة˵ḻ׫֮Ҳ˼鷨֮ǵһһְ֮ѡһλɹʱ˵Ȼǵϵˡ
ĆȻ誸ãҪ֪ҪԳĲ£мϺ壬ɱӪʿ鷨絶罣鷨֮ϣ課ǵ֮ʺһְһɽ˿ǰ˵誡
ѡɹҲ𣬲ȻԶĆ誶ˡ
λͬţһְ¹شѡ˭ҲҪһ飬ΪְλҪϵɹٵαȽϺʣһЩɳٳûõˣëĻǾͲʺϵ٣λΪΣʱ˵ˣƺûƫ̻κһˣǺʣԵ΢˵΢ʤΡ
ʱ΢һҲڿʼػһ˵ľ˻طǰһڶɹٹһȻ˽ٳҲѡ˲ţû뵽ɳٳȻע΢ִ˲ѧ˫һɽԳɴ֮λѡɹĸ˴һ㣬֪΢ֻţںѡɹٵһָ٣΢ִ˾ԿʤΡ
طǵһڵģɶ̾͵ҲΪ΢ִ˿ʤһְִ˶̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿڶ˾ְԺ٣Ҫ˵ִ˲Ųȱ˲
΢ôһСţڸҴ˺ܲأѿãһɹ̷м֮ɫ
ȻҲ΢ĲɣδʤһְӦȴĆһѡһǺʡһɹҲ˵
Ȼͳһ˭˵˭Ȼܶɹٶ֪ѹûвۣ£Ҫٹٻԣ˵üѡɹٽĶн
ʱһλִ˵ˣٵѡµģԶô˵
˵ЩҪɹٶˣͿԶô˵Զ׼Ȼµ³̣ѡǰչѡģλѡɹٶʸΣҿͰչ죬ĶĲɡ鷨ʤʤ߳γ١


ʮ Ķ
Ϻ꣡ڶɹԶĻһ㶣аȻԶûбκι۵㡣
˶Ϊ΢ﻰ˼ƺȫǰչذ£ûƫġһǰ΢ѡɹٵģԶ
չذҲã˭֪˵˸ֻܿѡɹٸԵı¡
ϣ
ãǾɡִʱ˵һ΢˾һ̤ͥᡣ΢ǵȻޱȣ̬ƽͣĆȻȥҲƽ˭óǿװ򶨰ˡ
ҲûӣϾ΢ǰҲǳɹ٣Ȼϰ߳ĳ棬ĸͷһѾǲˡ
λ˷ѡΪѡ𳯻٣չأùٹٻԣڴ֮ǰΪ֤λĲ鷨Ķų¡ټΪ٣ĶĿɣλˣ飿Զʱ˵ڹ١
ܴ˰ʣȻû顣ɹЦ
ԶʱʾλִˣλִȻҲûи棬ƷȻҪƷ˵̫ͣһ˵ֻƷƷһŻӡ
ȻˣǾȿţٿ鷨λǸ˵˵ɣͬţҪ˵ͿԼ˭˵˭ܰѱ˱ȥ˭ʤߡԶ˵꣬㲻ˣֻǿˡ
ﰵĸҲֻԼ΢ѡ˵ĸ˶΢ҲǼţڿ΢
΢ƾԼı¹һأôĸŻȻ΢λᣬʧܣĸٰҿ϶պ㲻㣬ҲֻԶ볯ˡ
ԽһĶ΢˵ǼҪġ
ʵϲǶ΢⼸ɹҲһ˵ʥԺƷİŻ񣬻оƷѲκҪһ㣬ϾԼҲܱѡɹ٣ѾǼˣǵĹλֻǾƷҲĲҲλѹһβҲУǶĆ˵ͺҪˡ
Ǳ󶼴һǶǼʧܣǿ϶ᱻӣ˵٣պҪٽã
˭ϲʧߣԭʧܡ
һ㣬΢Ć誶Զ˵һǱţǻ࿴һۣȻš
ˣŻκһЦǼȻᣬҲҪȡһµģһλǿɾƽˡ
νţȫƤӣڳĳɹٶǿ٣ԺܿĲɡȫ֤ɣһ㻹ѲסǣֻҪĸѶȿ֪
УǿʹʥģҲ֮۵塢ѹơ֡
ǰĶһһҹǸȻ˵飬
ǧΪֻˣƤӣʵ;粻ǿڶǰ˵
һ˵Ķܼ򵥣ۣ˭˵˭ǾӮҡĶǾͲһˣ󲿷һ𣬽˱ƿԣ׵ѹԷģȻ֮һʤ
ʱ򣬺Ć誴ˡʵʱǾͻഫˣһȼӮ΢΢֮ٻһʤ
ԣ˿˻࿴һۣʹ㼯лŭ΢Ҫ΢һ仰˵ܣǽ΢ֱӻ壬Ӵһ겻
͸߼˿Ҳǻ࿴һۣЦ⣬ҲȻ֮ҲҪٵλã˿ȴҪһ¶⡣
΢ҲһѹĆˣ˵һĶ΢Ȼ
ãǴֶԸ΢ڻʥ˿˶ߣɫһ䣬ʱǾֶС
Ć׼ڣȽ΢Ķ̴֮ʱ΢Ȼȿڡ
ͼ΢誣ǰһӴˣɱӪʿνʶ㣬㣬˵ˣ˭ʸų٣
Ȼ΢ҪΪǿ
һ㶣û뵽΢Ȼȿڣ˵΢Ȼشֵ϶΢ɣ
ҪڵĻֱ΢Ҳҭ˻ȥ΢һ֣Ц֪ͺá
΢Ӵˣ˵΢Ϊ٣Ǳû꣡΢ͻȻŭ߼ȣͥ
һߣĆ˼΢ͱˣһʱ֮Ҳ֪ô졣ŭ΢۵УĲɣʸ񡣡


ʮ ƿ
΢ΪβУ˵˵һ˵˵΢̿췴
΢Ŀ𳤣֪㾹ȻҺϹԼе֮飿誱΢췴ʣҲǿٻش˵飬Ȼһǰ΢͵Լ顣
΢ȴǹЦϹԼûеУӴˣ˵λϹٲ֪ܣˣǸûеУ
һһɲǵæҲǸ˼
ˣ֮΢޵ԣ˵˲㡣㣬˵΢ĲɲʸʣдɽôնΣ΢Ĳɣ֤ģĪǣ˵ʥԺλʥϹӲɣ
΢㲻Ҫǿʶ΢˵࣬ѾЩ˷磬ʱҲԾô֪Уͱ΢ǣűˡ
Уη
һĆ˼ŰϽæ
Ć̵΢˵ЩʲôѡɹٵУκη涼Уĸһǿ
ȻĆǴһ΢
ĸǿǿںδ΢ʵ˿ʾ
ұǿӴҲǿͨ츮ةʮأӴɱӪɱаҲʮ꣬һͲܱġٿ㣬޶ԣʱ䣬˾þͻ˺üͬСһ㣬ʣʤγһְĆһô˵Ҳı䲻ǳӲ˵ı顣
Ϊ΢̷û뵽΢ȴǿЦЦлŲмҲǶ˵ʲô
֪У˵˼·ͻѾǱ΢ǣסˣνԹ壬Χİٹٴ˿̿һĻĿɿڴ΢ѡ
ˣ΢Ѿǿ˻⣬еĻⶼԼϣ֤΢ûʸٵ⣬˭ʺϣһʼ΢ƺˣĆǸ΢ǣű߶֪һͷ¿˿̿ؼջ
ʱ򻹲˵ǻ˹ءŵʱ򣬾ǲܲġ
һߣطڵ˶Ǽѣ΢䣬ͽ˵ĻȫԼϡ
ʱֻҪٷǵĹ۵㣬ǾȲʤȯˡ
ڴ˿̣΢Цͣ£Ȼ˵һ˶𾪺ͲŵĻ
νֻǶ֮˵һЭͿοˣƫƫǻ浱ˡңɳзȣ˵ֻݱɵȴǲ֪˭һУҿһʵ˼˭٣ǲŽûУ֣Ǵ㿪ʼ̸Ц
ͷһ䣬ͬ׺ԴһĆ誶΢Ļˡ
νֻǶ֮˵һЭͿο
΢Ȼ˴󵨣ֱǺ˵˵ϸһ룬ȴܸоевŻֶΣͽȥˣ϶ʮ궼һλ
΢һ仰Ć˵࣬Ȼŭޱȣƫƫ˵΢˵˵֮⣬Ȼ˵һеķ֮ԡɹŻκ壬˿Ҳǻ࿴һۣЦ
ͷһĶǾȻ춼岻ϣ˵һʼֱӱ΢һӣƫƫĆ誻֪ԽԽһ㣬Ć誾Ͳ΢ȼҲǴ˼
֪֮΢
ĆҲһ
ԣ΢еУĲɳڣʮʤһְȻɳñˣܴ֮ѡ΢Ϊѡɹ٣ҲΪǵһ㣬ֻһζǰǲţҲӹţã΢һ˦䣬ﵱɢһ𵴺ѹ۷ĵ

˵ʱ򣬳ϵİٹѾ֪һĶţ΢ѾռϷ磬Ć誴һʼͱ΢˿ӡҲٱرģǾǴ˶Ե飬ɳ־֮£ҲɳΪ𡣵͸߼˶ɫѿޱȣԹ΢ͬʱҲǰĆ課Ȼ΢ǣű߶в֪
Ć誱΢˵ƿԣҲ֪һǾͱɣԴǿпڣܲת档΢ᣬǻûڣ΢Ļ͵ˡ


ʮ ֳɽһ
ˣӴˣ΢֮䣬֤ԺĵɣҩɽʱշħͷƽԪıɽɱշ壬Ϊɳ׫ɽңңңң΢һЦ֮˵ȹɱг飬ʣ΢һ㲻ʤ٣ʲôʸ΢΢ٶʩѹ
ⷬ˵˾ѣ΢˵Ĳһ㣬Ć誶Ȳ΢ֻû뵽΢һĶţȻȫѿأѹ˴
Ćƿԣһߣ͸߼ˮ
ʱŻκ徹Ȼǳ΢һҶ̾磬˳ᡣ
ͷβû˵һ仰˿ͷһ䣬˳
⵹Ū΢Щ˼΢Ҳǹλˣ΢ˣŴˣ֪ʥԺ׫İѾʮأҵҵΪֱһƪɽԡ΢飬ѧ֮ʱࡣ
Żһû뵽΢ǫԼĹһԵ֪鼤٣ɹ٣¾֪Ĺͣ΢ȻŰٹ֮һػŻ۷ѡ
ִˣˡŻһ¶΢ĺøб
΢˵ֳ꣬κκˣѲʱħޣѲڶܣȹ̣֮ʹħޣһսν죬ħ޾Ȼ˵һˣһ˾Ȼħ׷Ĺ˼ʱϵЩħ޶ȻӺ㣬֪ȴɲɵ䷶΢֮
˵꣬΢һ񣬶κһĸߴˣ˿̾ȻҲǱ΢Ļﴥһ΢ȭ
һͬ΢˵ȻֲһǶ֪΢Իа̾ˣ΢֮ˣ죬ԶԶ磬û΢ڣ⳯ǿ϶Ҫһ΢ڣҲûã˳
һ±Ȼ˳ԾѣԶʥԺʥ˿ͷһߣѲԺĹҲһ⡣
ʣ΢ǵӣ΢һĺܣ֪ܺΪУԸôѹĴѹ££
ԶһȻһĶ΢ӮˣҲӮˣѹһ㡣Ѿ˵ϣĆ˵ʲô޼£ҪתⶼѾˡ
ҲĺܣʱԶˡ
һĶţ΢һŻκѾ˳Ć˵
ʱҲӦǰ޲ѣȻҲǾޱȣǶ΢һ˿⡣ղ΢Ҳ֣Էʩѹ֮˵ǣǻܵش
ʹ˷Ҳܡ
˷ֱһĵ͸߼һ֪ղŵһıλɽ൱ذܾ֣Ƕ˽;֪Ȼǻʹսᡣ
Ćͬʱһʱɰʲôǳ۱Ų΢Ҫ鷨֮΢鷨֮ʤǣǶ˱䡣
ûд飬ɳϣ鷨֮ǿʤδ˹λ΢ղǿʶʤһ֣ҵҪ鷨Ρ
ȻĆ誶ǱһɾҪһѩǰܣ΢Ƕ˶ԸԵ鷨ǼģϾǽ֪꣬鷨ǿθһְ
ˣǾڶĶ鷨ɳҪа·ַ֮ģλֱдһƪַ֮ģɳٹԣ˭ǿ˭Զı֮˵൱ƽǾͬʱдһƪַ֮ģ˭дĺã˭鷨ʤһ
гٹȣҲ൱ƽ
һİױīֽ׼ãڳ֮ϡ
΢˵ǷֱãȻպīʼд
֣ȶʵĆͨ츮ة鷨Ȼһʾ֪лõģҲΪе塣
Ϊ壿
һ鷨壬ʥƮݣһɳ֮⣬ۡΧɹȻܸ棬ȴǿΧۿ
ĆһʣвɹǰҲһĵ˵ͷĆıȻһ㣬鷨治Ѿ徫衣ǸˣЦʥĆд壬дΰ
ʥһۣҲǵͷ߰˷־衣
Ѿ൱ˣдĆһҲ⣬иˡ
һߣҲвΧۡĆͬ誵鷨ûƮݣȴǴһ׺֮ƺһۣܰ۾һ㣬õһֹ壬塯


ʮ ֳɽ𣨶
壬ɱ֮ãܺãɱӪĴʿȻ鴫һɹٿ誵ֺ󣬺ĵĿ佱һ
ȷ֣ӲֵɱһпϵɹҲ˵ȻҲˢӵģÿһͬ״ı䣬ɱ
Ć誣һдֽ϶һɹâУ鷨֮Ƿ֧֮Ҳ磬¯ֽ࣬ϻ㼯⣬Ǵʦ֮ǰɫ⣬ǰʥ֮ɫ֮⣬ֻʥ鷨չֳơ
ɳУʥдʥ鷨Ҳ֮٣ʥԺУĿǰҲֻʥֱ£ʥдʥѾˡ
鷨֮ףܶෲ˶Դﵽ¯࣬Ǵʦ֮
ͿĆ誶ˣĆ鷨ϣǰɫ⣬鷨ѾǴʦ֮˵ǵңһ鷨óȥǶǧ𲻻ı
ɳܶȻĲɳڣǵ鷨δжߣ󲿷ֶֻ¯ľ磬ǵԼȻѾǺϵɣ鷨ֻ¯࣬鷨̫ˡ
ʺõģʮֵ꣬һ֮˰֮еľ磬ﲻһʣٷѹҲǰ״
Ć鷨粻仹õʥ壬ȻǼӷֲ٣ɹٿһƪ֣Ҳͷ
ʱ򣬿Ǳ誵ֽð֮ɹٶһ㶡
ģǾ鷨İʥ֮ѵ誾Ȼܴﵽ磿˲ɹٹȥһȻˡ誵鷨õǡ塯ҶԷıĻѾﵽ˼ߵı׼ٱĆõ廹Ҫߡ
ټдһƬַ֮ģȻġ塯ʺϡν壬ص⣬誵ֽϲԾɫ֮⡣
ɹٶףĆ鷨֮ϣѷ誡߼Ȼüɫ裬İݰֵܣλ˵İʵ̫ˡҾĿǰĆǱȲˣѿɫ֪Ć鷨Ѿ誣Ҫλˡ
ĆʵҲֻ岢һεˣټϵܴһٹٻԣĆλɹٶ࣬Ҳ﷭
߼룬һ¡
Ǿ͵ͬԵһĸ󻼣΢
뵽˼ͬʱ΢Ǳߣ˿̣΢ҲΧżɹ٣ĆǱߵɹٲͬ΢ߵɹȴ۾ֱĶ΢ֽͱʣһԡ
΢ֽϣҲδйâ
˵ʲô
˵΢鷨֮һ㣬Ȼ¯ɫҲӦðŶԣֻЩ鷨һˣŻ˰
뵽ǵǸ߼һͣǶ˵Լ˵òٵλãҲԲ΢õ
ĆҲǳ̧ͷһۣһĻҲĻŭţڿ԰һ֡һĶţǾͱ΢ѹģ˾Ȼ΢˵ƿԣҴһʼͱ΢û
ںˣ鷨֮ϣɲʲôǺͽթӮģĿ汾¡ǶѾˣһҪúõĳЦԷһйͷ֮ޡ
߼ɹٺ棬ǱǺܿ΢΢Ǳ߷û˶Щ֮£Ʋȥһʱ֮ǰ΢ԱߵɹһҲ۾΢ıʣĿɿڴ
ǿʲô˼һ
Ӧð΢֣Ҽģҵ֣Ϊλ޹ʣʥʱҲ֣Ć˼ȥ΢󣬵ͷһʱҲˡ
һòɹٶЩ棬΢ǱʲôΪιȥɹٶһ˵ֺֻܵ˵ŶԣûмһԲġ
ǣɹٹȥһ⣬΢д֣һͬǲһԡұ黹һеľ㵣еĳ˼еüͷ
ֹµȻ˺棬˿̣΢İΧѾǰΧɹ٣ʱǱɹչȥС
ǱںͼɹǼ˰ûȥоͺèһĲˡ΢Ǳ߳ʲô£Ϊʲôһӡ
͸߼Ҳһͬʱȴ΢òҪʲô۶Ӱɣ
˵΢˴Ӳƣ͸߼Ѿ΢ԹƵĿˣ¶һ࿴һۣæ˹ȥ
ߣŪ飡誴˿̿һۣЦһд
ʱ΢ܴˣдˣ
һ仰ոճڣͼһðͥͬһɫ


ʮ 
һļΪͻȻȻһɹٶһ㶣⵱еʥһϺɱ
΢һƬַ֮ģڶɹٷӦ¶ɫ
ʥ鷨߾磬Ī΢鷨Ȼ˾磿
ûпո΢дɹȻһ㵣֮ǰ΢дɹȴһȻˣǶһ˼елȻ֮ɫ
һ£λ߸ϵִҲΪ棬㲻Ϊ΢֮ǰдֺôַ֮ɵʱͻȻ˽ʥ
ʥղڸǰŵģô£΢ΪŻչ¶⣬Ҫ֪鷨ʥ΢ô־磬᲻Ǽٵģһɹʱѯʥ
ʥɹһۣüΪ϶Ļˣ΢鷨ȷѴ鷨ʥֻһΣ΢˸ַſ֮ǰʥ֮֮㿴ַ֮ģ֪ˡ
Բţȥ֮ϸ΢£һˡ
ͬһʱ̣ĆҲд˸Եַ֮ģո΢ĽʥľѣҲʩչߵˮƽɰܾڴһˡ
ƪ鷨·ֱİϣٹٲ鿴ѡҲѾҪ飬ͥᣬȺٹٻԵĽ
΢ŰٹٹȻһ߳ͥᡣĆЩ˿Ҳֻ뿪ȵ뿪֮ԶŵλͬţٹٻԿнˣ
˿̳ٹٶǻСۣԶԣһɹٲŵڶ鷨Իûзֳ£ҿʥԺʥԼλɳƪַ֮ĺ˵ѡ֮°ɡ
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ʥλΪ鷨˭ǿ˭Զʱʵ
ʥû˵Ǳ߾һɵ΢鷨Ȼչֳʥǰδ̸жã˲ֲַǹŪĆ誵֣誵ı壬Ѿñ徫裬ΪҪʤһġ
ɺԺ͸߼һģ˿̿ʼߵڰס
ɹһ֪˲ģҪָ¹Ϊ˶Ķˡ
˭Ե˭ѾǲԶʥɫѿʱ˵ĆҲӹƽͣһɳ֮⣬дҲǵõ˷ϵľ裬˶֪ʺϴ󲿷ֳṫģõģҲкܶ壬˵ʺϵ壬ΪĆʡ
ʣɹٶȻ͵һӡ
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˫̸ۣʥٿɶѾһ
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ھͲһˣ٣дǿϳ˺һ֪ддʲôǳٿԽĳɹٵĹд鵱У֪ǸɹپɻڴҲԶˡ

Դ˿̵õϢ΢ϲɹûһҲаʮҶǴźǰʲôУɵ¶˵ӦоУвһЩĺûɫ΢϶ǲյġ
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ԷûûˣǶɱǹٳ΢塣΢뷨ʮּ򵥣ǵˣԷǸ߹٣ҲҪֱȻ̤ٳ΢ûһúˡ
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˵΢ոտԶһ׷ɱҲֻǿѣҪ֪ĸ׷ɱһǱ׷ɱĳͨ챾죬ǿ֣ɣǿҲûˡ²ؼҲûбҪ£΢мǿ۾һɨȻϳ֮ǽϡ
˽֮һīɽڵˣ֮ǰ΢ԷʱϻַǰԼϲʲôʱ֤ɵģ
ô˵ѣ΢ԲܣǽϵĻͲܼˡ
΢ſ׷ȥαװһ³ۣŶñߣɷԭϢ˭ϳԼ
ǰ潣Ϻ׷ߵٶȲ˿Ѿ䵽ɽ糤һɽֵС
ɽɽľ˽Ҫ׳ܶ࣬ҸΪ͡ǰ˽ôһ£һλ½һĲ񹤣ǿ֮оֲ񵶣ڳûϵ


ʮ һ
˺ǺһЦʩչͨȡһɽ֮ľ֣ͨòȥһǸŮϸľǲмӶ񵶾ͿһµͲһѣҲֻһ׺ۣ󻨷Ѱʱ䣬Ѿֲ񵶣Ҳֻǽһһ롣
Ȼǿϴ
ȻֻһС£Ҳ˵ɽ֮ɽʯľǺСϪ˽ܱġ
ӲȶҪ߳ܶࡣ
ʱϱĸ׷֮󣬶˵ֱӶ֣һһȭȥֻһƿղɢֱӽķ顣潣ִֻܲӦսһԷȭˣǱ˵ȭɨ˲ײɳȥ߰⣬·ľǶᡣ
ͬʱ˵ĹҲ͵
ȻѾ֤˽˽ɣӦĸҲֻаķݶۼæ󳷣ΧĴѾЩ֧飬涼俪һӡʩչɺⲽһ´ܳȥ֮⣬ո̧ͷͼͷһһ̤ǿܿ¡һΧʮ֮ڣѾһŲȵ֧飬һӡ
һˣĿ࣬ԲͬͶ̥תϱನһѪǿһͼնֱţʺؿš
˻벻⣬ֻ̧ۻ沿ͺǿնɱʿĽؿһնֻնһӣƤϣȻֻһǳǳѪۡ
϶£˸һȭȥ˫ۻǰҲǱȥɿ⣬ڵϻһۣûͻȻ˷ðʮֽŽסǶá
ʩչһˣסϾ͵ո֤̤ɽͶ£㵱ǻˡ
ľһʲôֱɱ˾ͺˣͽɾ⣬ȥһɽһ˳˵ӣ˵ͷͷ
ʲôǣֱһȭˣʡ¡ʱ˿ЦһһԾ𣬻ӶȭͷŽϾȥ
һȭǴУϱɡ
˿̽ȻҧгݣҲ޷֮ʱͻȻһ
أȻȭͷûҵϣΪȭͷֱͬ۶ˡ
ͬʱղһһ࣬ʵľ׷׶䣬һƬϰնϣһ˲䣬ǰһƬ˺ܶࡣٿпڣޱȣ֪һ֮
˭
ǾǼʵɸոһ֮ǰȻ˭ûз֡
Ǳնһ۵ɫɣѾǿ磬ǶһۣҲܿƶϿڼֹѪҵնĶϱۣ̾ܽϣһָܻ֮糣
Ȼˣ˿һŭ֮ɫҧг¿ȥƺ˭͵Ϯ
ʱһӰ£һ۳£Ŷңаɫߣдһġһ֣ĸˣѾסĽ϶˹ȥ
ǺˣΪζ£Ǹľ˶΢ʵѾǴŨŨļɵ֮ɫ
ͳŸղһ⣬˵ǰһΪĽɣǸ˵ͬ޵ɷõѰҪѣǰһնһֱۣ˵ʲôѾԶ
ʻͬʱҲΧƶѾǷɷʱ׼
΢ֻɨĸһ۾ͿԷɳﵱˣҪ֪ɽ֮ޱȣǳ˾Ͷţëкܶ࣬Щûεɢɸǲ֪ĸʲô
΢Ҳ֪ĸһȫαΪѣʿл޵дڣ΢һ㡣
΢ѹԷʻǷʵΪʲô׷ɱ
˵ָָĶõĽϡ
£ǺɽŻ֪ţ㣬ɱɱĸǸͷ˿˵ȻܴҪáɽšŻ΢
ȻһǴ̣΢Դʲôģʵ΢̤ɽ翪ʼߵɳɹٵϲ·ӣ֪ʲôɽšһΣҲΪţĽҰɽĶĿŻ£ƽʱ΢ܽӴЩɽײ㷲ɡ
΢һɲǣĸͻȻ͵Ĺ
ԭղ˵Щֻʱ䣬΢ӦЩײ㷲Ǵɱɱ۹ǶܿԷûе̡ǿߵĽʵǿᣬдɽһͶɱˣ˿ǿлɳˣַ


ʮ 
ĸαԾḻͬʱȡǿֹ֮Ҳֻ·һǰɽǿҲֻһˣոҲֻ͵Ϯ֣ûʲô˲ġлڳЦ΢Ǹղų͵ϮǵһնɱʣµֻĶӣĸعǶԷҲûˡ
ղ׻Ҳֻ˵ǳҲûʲộǲž֡
СģסĽϿͻȻ𣬵ѣѾʩչֶιȥ
΢ΪȣĸһѵϹӲɣԼղһ޽ɵҲܿԼʵԶĸ֮ϣԼֻô£ĸһﾹȻͻɱ֡
ĪǣΪԼܳɹ
΢ܲ⣬Ȼ΢Ǻһ㣬Щɽĵײ㷲Ҳˣʶ̣ܿó޽Ҳû΢ۣ΢ǳҲ΢ԼһϢɷһˣ˵Բ΢ǿᣬЩαɣѹ֪΢
ԣǾôһ޴顣
αҲɣɵˣһˣõĶɱУһ΢Ҳٿ
Ƕһ۵ȳõӦĳԪȭɽȭ˽ʩչĻһȭɸɽһȭ顣
΢Ҫ֮練ơ
Ҫ֪΢Ҳˣͬһȭȥ΢õԪȭͼȭײǸ֣һ̣ȭױ飬ͬҲɲ֮ϣ඼ˣ˻ðѪȥɣײһ޴ұϣұײ
ͬʱαɵĵҲˣһõոմ΢ٶȸ죬ͼ΢һץԷѾ׳ĻѿɲǣȻǱ΢ѹ˻ȥ
ǻûб䵽΢У΢̧һ㣬һֱָӻԴ
ɵˣαԴֱը궼ûӳͱɱ
ʱαɵѾˣһʩչ׾һǴһľݣȻƵз֮ǿ
΢˦ֽոնȥټ΢Ԫ֮ĻͬһӿĻ𺣣˲ͽԷһû
𣬸ǽһƬ˸⣬ҲûʲôĻ巨Ǳյľ⡣ɽɻ֮һǿǽճˮ˵ͻˡ
֮䣬΢ͽĸαɾɱɽ統Ҳһпʵ˵΢ˣ϶ĸαС
΢ȥϵȻˣǳ΢һлλɾ֪֮պصŰл
Ժż΢ڰ֣ʾԷлϳ΢һ񣬾Ȼ̾ߡ
΢мΪҪ飬ԷԸȴǲˣһ΢ܿҲûֻʩչڽ󣬿ȥʲô
Ȼ֤˽ɣΪ΢û̫࣬΢Ϊֲˡ
һ·ȥ΢ֽǰ֮ǰ׷ķط΢Ͳ²⣬϶֮ǰϡ¡йء
ٶȺܿ죬ɿɽ뽣⵱У˵УٶȽϿġƬ֮ѾǷɳٰʮʱǰйâҫݺᣬȻڶ
֮󣬽Ѿǰγ䳤ǼսţСһԿǿһ
Ѿɽʯ飬氼ݣľڵϣҪôնϣҪôǳľм֮䶷ǷͬСɣеʱ׸ıһò
΢ԶϸһЦЦʲôɣǡΪв΢Ȼϵá
һ֮⣬ȻڵǱԼոĺӡ
ⶼˣҲһԼعϲǼһˣһµۣΪĸߣ΢ǿҪﵽϵɵľˡ
ɹ֮⣬ܴﵽ־ѾǺ˲ãܶŵҲɾˣеĻﲻɾ硣
˾統Уո֤˶αɣһ׽ٲΪɣϵһβɹߣԳƵǰ벽ɣֵֻ֤;ϣҺϵˣ֮ܳΪɡ
µ۵΢ӦǳһκϵʧܵˡȻҪϵôףɽ˶ţëܺϵģǰдһϵҲзգҲûɹôʧܴԽ࣬ȻԽӽɾ磬ʵҲԽǿҲˣһϵ֮˵ഫ˺ϵܳΣߴαɣҲˣ֮£ǿ


ʮ ȭ
΢Լϸ˵Ҳֻһαɣûо׽٣΢ֲͬαɣ޵Ŀɣ֤ϻûзλķ΢ѾߵǧŵһˣαɣͨɶҪ
ɽ磬̬֡Ҳ֮٣ھ󲿷˵֮£Ҫѭα֮
ʱǱǱϹһϲϣû£̫ˡ
˿̽ϵֳֽΧ˼Ҫ֪ǽɣ˵ս˵Ǳͺ֮ϵģҲǱλµ۵һɲһЩѡ
ȻǱͺҲ֤ˣ˿ˣǸˣͳһ˲
ԷһаˣֻĸαɣʣµĶϵΪһһǳԹϵģұҪһЩ
ϻǱͺȻǸ˲ѣǵĵ˾һ֮ɫˡ
⽣ΪԲľĸȥԸôܻľأ漸֪ô¡һҲûĸ˻ЩϵıͿʼѿˡ
ӣ㻵˹ȣǺɽŵĵ̣ܵҪɣ˭ͬˣǸϼһ㾿ľʦĸôˣΪֻһ˻ǸΪﵽɵʵ
гһˣŵĸˣ
ԸǲѱϹ֣һһǶϵĻǱͺҲǵһǸӵҲһ㵡Ҫ֪ĸʵȻΪҲδܼ֣ǱһΪΣգֻ˭뵽ϾȻˣҿӣĸ˻ɱġ
ˣôôܣɱǣɽŵ˸һŭ⡣
ɱģǸԼ࣬ȻҲûҪ֮˵˼
ƨɱ˭ɱģɱɱûɱɱĪһ¶ҳеããɱʦܣǽһ˻߳ȥҲǷ˺ݣҪ֪¿ǹغһɽɣ˵̫ҪˡǺɽŲܽ⣬ô鴫ȥǵű˳Ц
ɽֻɱˣȴɱˣֱЦ˴ɣѡƫƧˣֻҪһţҴ˴ɽ֮أΪҪǺɽŵģ˵ºǺɽʲôϵΪ뷽跨ֹӷʵ
ǽɽЦҶ˵ˣҲҺɽŵĹϽ֮أϻ˵֮ǰǲߣɱλʦܣǻΪ𣿸ɱһ
ɽһ£һͬʱ֡ǰ߸׳һȻһ룬һ̷ȥȻǧٱγһмľ޴룬¡һ˶档
Ȼһ֮˾ͳˣҲΪ˷ֹӺͽϵߡ
΢ԶȻǱ棬ͬɽһĴ룬΢ҲĿɿڴǸɽﻹкö
˵΢ʱչæϷЩиȻ֮΢ǿΪ֣΢ȴȱһЩ
ΪʲôǿǵǿƺͲٿǷȲ˵ģеֻһͿݺ¡˫Ϊ˸Լ𣬻뾡ȥ͵ȡֵ취ﵡ
ΪʲôҪȥ͵Ϊ˫֪ƾΪܶԿŷⳬԽ˵𣬵취ﵣǾͲһˡ
٣˫зӿ취ﵺͺŷͬھ
ãе˽ɽ磬ͷһ¾ǷѾ˼ʮϰԼһ˲ˣȻͬԿ˼ˣǰٷ֮ҪԿġ
ʣһϺǱһƣ϶ֱǶһ˵ɡ
Ǹӣ΢û΢ҲŲ³Էݡ˽ĵڵľţǱʦ𣬺ųˡ
Ҫ֪ĵŵУǽ˵ɸ߸ϣһʵϣԷȷˡ΢ǰҲǾһʮǰ֤ɵôĸ߸ϣôңɼ
ļλˣ΢Ҳþ
ԷӦֵ֤;ģӦɵҲǺܶϲ·˻ԹϵȻʧˣԷѾˡ


ʮ Ŷ
һκϵΪһɣɽ糤ǲˣ΢ǧַӿԽܣһǲѴ֮֡
΢֪Լո٣ʱ䣬λӦǲб仯ʣҪľȹλãȻԼΪҲӦˡ΢ʵʸ׽٣ֻһֱææµµô˵ڶƷɹ٣ǳ٣αɵͷҲʵ˵ȥ
ûһʱ䣬Ҫ͵ڴ֮ǰ΢뷨Ӻϵɣǲܺ͵Կġ
ȥ΢ԼҪ黹̫࣬ٿǰǾ޴ޱȵĴ΢֮ǰһЩˣ˼Ҳǵࡣ
ֱӾ˳ȥͺˡ
뵽΢ʩչԪȭֱӴһȭ
һȭ΢ûֵ;ķһ𣬿˵ȫһϾܲһ㣬δǸɽƵģ̺ӵԪ֮ǴҲˣһ˲õֻڣ΢ֻܽƣȻĽϵ˾ˡ
Ϊˣ΢һԪȭȫ
ȭƿףԪ𣬻ΪȭӰЯ֮ƣۻ֮ݺݵǴϡ
΢Դ֤֮ҲֻڷԿŷʱȫֻʱ򼴱΢ȫҲԶǺŷĶ֣ڣ΢ɽΪͨɵԪȭȻǴ˷ۻ֮һ죬ǺޱͬɽһĴȻһ俪һӣѷܲһ㣬ۿҪױ顣
ɽѾռƣӺͽϵ˱Ƶ䣬Ҫ춨ʤ֣ͷͻȻôһͬףЩûɽ
̧ͷһɽѣֱһѪ˳
ӣʦ洫ɴСɼɽС΢ɼֱѹˣҲԵɽסˣʵһؼ汸
ɽɵΪܴɽţ̶ܴǿ룬ǽԼѪǿ
˿̣޼᲻ݵȻǱ˺飬к֪֮⣬ΪѪһҲܵشſѪήҲ
ãһɸ֣ߣɽҲûбŭͷԣȻ޵ڵѪ˭һģԲܶԸġ
ڻлᣬһ߲ˡ
ҲΧӵˣ߸̾ӡ
΢翴ˣҲû׷΢ȻɱϣҲɱԣЩԼ涼ûţ׷ɱȥûбҪҸղһ£ӦǽɽŵûˣǵӣҲٻ鷳
˿΢һ£վӵǰ
΢Ǽʱ˿ӣǱӻнǱеĻˣƬ̣Ƕɽ֮֡
˿ӵҲǻع΢
лɾ֮ӵʮֹǰһ¾ܻ޷ֱӽɽŵĶӣУλٶһθҲ
΢ڰ֣ʾ޷
ûժߣҲûб¶ݣȻϵѣĸƤĻҪ΢Ϊɹ٣ҲЩУɳٳҲһɻ䡣
ټϻһӣ΢ҲǾöһ²һ£һ΢Ȼûй˼ɡ
Ҳϳǰһˣ֮ǰԼΧǸȻǽǱ˵ˡ
ԭˣɣһݡһǳ΢ٰݣ΢ִһҡͷ֮Ͷѡ
ʱǱӶͺĿ΢ǵ̬ڵĺܵͣȫû˽ʱһ֮ӡ
Ҳ˽磬ţΪλҲߣ֤֮ɽ磬ǾǴͷ
αɽ磬Ƕţëɽ˽綼деĳţɽ磬˭֪ʲô
ǱӺͽϱˡ
ʱҲ죬ƺҲֻӲʸλǵɽ
ɷޱȣɸ֪䣬лᣬӶȻŵлԾϵ˿Ǳ񣬲΢ܸԼ˭ǸˣҲˡ
ԼƷɹ٣֪ߣɲʲô¡
΢ʹ뿪ˣȻѾ֤ɣԺлΪԼЧˡӣ΢Ϥ˵ʵҲЩŲ΢ȻǱ񣬵ֲµˣٴ򽻵ĺá


ʮ Ļϲ
΢˵ҪߵʱͻȻǰ
㻹£΢Ťͷһ۶ԷƺһҪľһ㣬ǰ֮ΪڳҵһϹ˵ĶΪأƣҲǰӣԸǰǰȥǰɷ϶ƿƣȡ˵ĺôҲӵһл֮񡣡
⻰˵΢žȣǱӺͽҲЩ⣬ȻǶӿеĶһŲ֪
΢û˵ԵΪżǰǹ˵Ķȷ౦˵кϵͷĵ伮ҲǶ˷֣ĻǱ˱ˣ»ɽ翪ɣܵõǶеɱҲ°빦
΢һһЩġҪں͵֮ǰϵѶȿ˵й˵Ķйںϵĵ伮ôԼ˵ҲǴ洦΢˼ԼܵõһҲǺ¡
뵽΢ʣǸںδ
̵ǰԼ˴ǧ˰Ǹ¼ʯ󣬲УֻҪضĴɷ˲Ϣ
Ȼ׼֡
΢룬˵ͷھڶһʱ䣬дɷһһʱ㹻ˡ
ʦأǱʱ˵һ䣬ӻû˵΢͵Ҳһ
ȻЩɣҲֻܵȻǰڣ˾͸ɣҪСһЩ
ǣʦ𣡡Ǳæ񣬶ҲҲǵͷ
ǱȻƺΪʦ΢Ѿǿ϶Էˡ
Ӷ΢൱˿ȡɷһݸ΢ȻȡǱˣȻ˵˴߶֮Ȼһ߶ɷһҫѾʧ١
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬΢Ѿǧ֮⣬˴Ѿǻ߸ڣʯڰ֮һѷ죬ʮ
ǰǶһ϶֮£ӳ΢΢ʾ·ǰ·
ǱͽֻǸں棬˶˾磬ԼԦţҪµ϶֮¿˵練ơ
·ɼɽ޹ֳ棬ľǴͶЫеĸͷһǶԼҡ
ɽЩֳĶҲסǲСıҧһڣҲ
ǰС·һЩԴĶ棬ֱʩչɱһ·ȥԽԽ涾ҲԽԽࡣʱ΢üͷһ壬ۿȥٻֻȴûһ֮ۼ
й˵ĶڶҲܿһˡңʲôĹ˻ѡ֮㣬Щķϵĵط
΢ϸ룬һ£ܴﵽһˣٻڳ쳣ӣҪ֪ɽ統УҲǷֽײģɽ磬һһ쾳ߣһڳ켸޷Ϊ֮һ˵̫ϡˡ
ڳ콨˲ûУԺ٣ѡôһɽˮ֮أ͸ϡˡ
΢ʱҲۣһ·ĶҲ̫ˣеĵطұſŵľȻһ㣬һƤ
ӻǰ·
ǰǶھ棬ѾΣЩᣬǰֶΣȻƽǶĽơڴ˿̻˵
ǸǱˣ΢Խ£Խǻɣ˴̫죬ʲôأѹһ׵أһѡ
һ£ĸֶͻȻǾ鷳ˡ
΢˿ѾʮֻںŪԼѹûʲôԷĻǽԼĿġ
΢ҲǼ棬յˣ΢һ룬뵽һֿԡ
Ǿǽر
˵ܣ΢ѹ˽ӣҲͷһμ棬ǰֻ˵˵š
ԷδؾԼĺˣ˵һıƺɽ
뵽΢ѾȻȴûб¶ֺ
ֹƬ̣ѾǷǳ룬ҲԽԽխǿԿľ޴󶾳棬ԶһЩĵطҲںڰдϡϡ죬ҲǲëȻ
ʱѾˣֻǰ·ɵӶܿ⡣
ŵǱӺͽ˿ҲɻɫΪء
ʱӴλЩԾǰ˵й˵Ķôжӣѹʲôأһ׵ء


ʮ 
ûΪΣʦΪҪ˵ƭǣǱһ⣬Ǵһ˿Ͳ
ʱ򣬽ϴҿƭǣƭλǰ
ʲô˼Ǳʵ
ϴдһ˿κͿɬǰ⡣
˵ʦôܶ𱨣ԲܡǱ̷ȻǲţҲû˵Ǵҿ˵ûԴ֤֮󣬰ɳɷʱ֮ڽɽ磬ûɳɷ׼µ˽磬˵ɷءɽ磬һеôͷʼֻϸ룬ǰҵǵģǱ֣˵һ㲻ĻǰѾһʮ꣬ѾˣѾǰʶʦʵϣвֻһֱţκͺɽŵĳͻҲˣ̽ĵطȷɽŵĽ籮ֻǸ类ǰ͵͵ˡ
һ⻰Ǳɫ԰ףȻţ˵Ҳ֪Դɽٴʦӣȷʦǰһˡ
ʲôطһҲ˵оϾǲͬһΣܸоʦڶλǵ˵ѡ
ʦ𾿾Ҫʲô
ǱʣҲʣ֪ʦҪǶ𱨵ĻӦô
ʱ򣬺ӺͽȻûǱĹǣ˴˿̶һۣȻӿٶȣ΢Ȼϴȥֻ˵һ䣺ǰСģ
ʱͻ
ǰ·ͻȻͷһΪָһļΪͻȻ΢һӣһޱȵȭֱ˶ԷָᣬѾǿٷ𣬵ʮ⡣
ʱΧͻȻȻǵس΢ȥ
һ£ǱϺͺӶĿɿڴһ̣һ޴ޱȵĳ֫΢΢һ´ȥɣǺһĶȥ
ʲô㿪Ǳ泱ߣҶȲǡӴ˿ȫû֮ǰģԵļΪ˷ܣϴŲ̬Цݡ
ͻȻıý˶ĿɿڴǱɫҰףһš
ʦʲôӦ֮Ǳæǰʵ
ʲô㿴𣿵ȻǽɱʱϵıǶзݡһ֮ɫȫ֮ǰǸˡ
⻰ǱҲûһ˿룬ʦ𣬾Ȼ𱨣к˵顣
ԱߺӺͽѾ֮ɫӡ
޳ܣһΪǰˣû뵽˾Ȼ޳֮顣ӵһ˳˪ȻǺ
£㲻Ǹո֤αɣȻڱǰڳԣҿҲǷ˵꣬һնɱȥֵĺȻǽϡ
ʵж̬ȡ
Ȼϴ˿ҲǱŭһΪֱжг𱨳λ֪ѾǾΣû뵽Լһ˾Ȼ𱨡ԣ֪ӵĶֱ֣Ӷ֡
϶֣Ҳˣһ䣬ʱ⣬ͬһӡ
һһסԷȻǶãʱϽϵĽʤ㡣
Ǳûжֻ֣ΪԷʦôܶԼʦ֣
֪ƾҲҶ֡ȻʮֲмʱһЦһԴͻȻһӰȻƽ˺ӺͽϵĹƣͬʱһ̧֣ӿӺͽס
һˣЦȫˡ
֮ͶѣһллǸˣҿϴѾϿ϶к˵ҲǷһʡӰЦ˵ϸһ㿴˼ֱޱȣ˰棬Ȼɡ
νɡ
޳ɣɣɽ統Ув٣Ȼ˾һɡ
ΪƶСΪĺȻʶڴ˴ƴרŶԸˡ
ղһһŮôãƶʱʵ㲻ǻʳ֮ôƳɳūˣҲǷá
ƶ˵ͷŤͷһǱʵأ
ӹһЦͽܣɣá
ƶЦЦȻͷӿĳ溣ЦӣķʵƺûҵĶɾѪЩŵ


ʮ Ȼû
ǫˣҿԷɵΪƴɱȥҲǱɣʲôµġӻﵱлŹά֮ɫƶһҲǵͷ˵ûǶ˺Ҳһˣ˵ѣɺ󣬲֪֮ҪΪǸѣҲǿȡԴȻ¾Ԫľ̤֮
ΪȻĵͷȻһŭݵǱͽǾΪʦĺһ𱨣ǴɷӦ֮£ûΪʦҵȷôˣҪ֪ҲǱΡǸոɽ磬֪ɽɳΪ𣬶Ŵ֮еٴΣΪɢɣˣͬ˽ķʿô࣬ҪΪϼѣɳɳжѽǼֱǲܵ顣ûкùûкҲûӰЩţô죿֪ΪʦɽһʮôģԹٿܹ࣬裿㲻֪ԲŻΪʦĺ𱨣ʲôǶƨ˲ΪҽǸȻɱϵһбͶҺͶˣȵҶ˳ɾ֮𣬵ʱɣȻǴΪ
һƶҲǵСӣʦ˵ûеʱûʲôɽҪҲֻܹǸԼ̰ģҲû¶ˣԺʦҺúøɣұ֤֮ڳɾɡ
סڣǱʵ̲סˣһγ彣ָԷ
ƶɫһһζ֮ЦһŭͽʲôΪʦͽܣŸָһ·ɲҪִԲ򣬵ʱڿɾˡ
Ǳ˿ɫָ࣬ȴͽ˭ͽӣǱûʦʦˣǱ֤еˣ㣬޳ܣ㲻ʦҲͽܣӴʦͽ˶
˵꣬ƶˣ
˵ʩչʮͬһ̹ȥ
ǱĹεĶȻô˵ԼӴŭȻоӣ˿̾ȻֱӳǱƣǿǱɳȥ
߿ѪȻΪϣԶӵĶ֡
ҲЩֶΣٴηʩչһڵĶ񽣡
һɱɫ䣬ҫǽ۴Żȵ֮⣬ȻڿһöɢĽۡ
ֲǣ⽣Ҳǿ˵ģ˵һпɹصĹڵĶѧ
ǱȻǴһ׹ѿؾ棬ȽϺͺӾȳҲֻܾˣҪλɣȴ
ĳ溦Ⱦûа취
һЦһͽܰ㾹ȻΪʦǰʩչһУĪˣһлҴģֱǰŪ
˵꣬ӾȻҲʩչһģһ񽣣ͬභһһ˲䣬ǵۣٶ涼⽣ɱ
žһ죬Ǳƺһ˳ȥеķҲ飬ȻղŶУʽӡ
ҲΪϾҪǱǿ˺ܶ࣬һǱʦһʮ꣬һǱӵĶ֡
ͽ㻹ô˵һ·㲻ߣƫƫҪʦ棬ҪͷˣգҾͽɱϵŻˡӷҲײϣгһҪǰǱɱ
ʱǱƶͻȻǷһɻ󣬵һ㶣ͣ³Ťͷʵɻ󣿡
ƶǶ棬һָҲǵͷȥȴֻܿͬһĳ溣ֳ溣֮£һƬܱ֮Щ⾫Ѫֱɡ
˿̣ĳ溦Ƿ·ӿϵķӿǱһ
ôˣ֪ƶԷԸսթһ㲻˱顣
ƶǵ£Ϣһ˾͵棬ˣҲᳬʮϢڣ溣ӿѾǳʮϢⲻ
Ӳ̫ʣô˵ʲô
˭ƶȻһ˵Ǹˣû
Ҳһţܣ򶾳棬ΪٸߣκҲֶܼãɣרŷҲֻ·һôû


ʮ ׽
ҲǱˣղѾǽǱˣ˿ǱУƶãѾΪݣǳֽ·ӿĳ溣
ͬ˵ģԳɵҲһʮˣһʮʱӿ˵Ǿƶ䵽ȵ׵ʹ̡
ò֤ɣΪңڣ˭뵽ɽ֪֮ɽҲôá
˶ţëһɽԴ˵ǲѡ˽磬λߣɽ磬ܾѡķϰʱ⣬ҲˣΪ˻ԴΪ˾ΪҲʼ伫
ȴĺá
ͨɱ˶ᱦͨӶԴΪʼǰ۸ˣټʱҲͶηĿ⡣
ûҪľоη
Ҫ˾ηԼһЩֶΣܱǰֿҪõöࡣȹ׽٣Ϊɣʮ֮ǰ֤ԹϵȻʧܣΪҲǾࡣ
ǸʱʶƶԷһңϾˣƶȴ޳ɣնءʶ֮󣬾Ͻɱ䵥ˣӶǵԴ
μ΢ӾԹ˶Ϊնƭǰƶﲼúֻ棬Էһһȥͬ溦ٴΪҲץϹ
ΪǸߵ˲Ŷԣû뵽溣Ȼûлָƽȷֻƶ˵һֿܣǾ˻û
΢ȷû
ӻƶС΢˵ǲ֪һζԸǴ˵Ǹĵ΢֪ǾͲôСġ
Ƴ溣Σ΢˿̻µһɷ⣬ȥ溦ЩҲҿ΢˺ҧֻⲻӿ˻УҪȥ
ַרƹƳ棬ȻܶҲ΢ûֵ;һôκγ涼Ӧԡ
˿΢Ժз֣˷ĳ溣
Щһ׺ޱȣĥӰ죬΢ʱҲֻܿŷԱʱ䳤˿϶Сڸոʩչ֮ǰ΢һֻҧˣȾ΢Ϊ˿̻һЩʱ䣬ѾǽڵĶ߰˰ˣҲջѡ
ǸӹȻʲôöԼֶζ࣬Ϊ˱ȻѾ˵
ոڳ溣أĴȴˣ֪ǱϺͺӲ֪飬ºǻԼԸӡ˿̶Ĳˣ΢ʹȥ͵ϮԼһɱ
ʱ΢ͻȻΧǶ棬ƣһȥʱٱҧһڣԼҲܲˡᣬ׽٣ȴα˵
΢֪Լ֤ͬߵɣ֤׽֮ǿѾĿ࣬׽ҲСȥ
ƽɣܰԼνһá
뵽΢ǿʼ׽٣΢Ϊп׽٣ֻһֱûʱ䣬ڵʱȴʡ
һ̣һƬ߸ϿǷƱɫҹյӿֳƣЩԽԽ࣬ʲôγһ޴С
漸ֻʯϵľƺоΣգתһ۾̾ӣһЩСĳҲǴɰֻʱӡ
ѷϿ֮µӺƶҲǸоԾΧĳ溣˿̶궯ѣ
˸̧ͷһڴ˿̣ͻȻһˮͰϸ׹ڰݺݵ׹ٶ֮죬˵ҲԲ׽㿴ʱֻܷһĿ׺۹ᴩء
׽٣ȵһ׺֮ӻƶĿɿڴһš
ӣۼ˵ֶΣԶԷӦɵΪпɸ֣Ҳû뵽λеĸ֣򣬾Ȼһɶǵģαɡ
һαɣȻܽɽŵܣǵ
Ӳֻ֪֪ǰ׽ٵȷ׽٣ɽ磬Ҳֻαɣαɲп׽١
ɣԿԿ϶ǸѹͲʲô֣һαɡ
һ뵽һ㣬Ӿһջ뵽֮ǰԼԷֶΣҲֻǸоԷǲµֶһԼƭҲǺпܡ


ʮ ȫɱ
ݺɽһʮ꣬һɣȻһαɸˣˣҪǴȥǻЦڣһƶҲǼΪѿΪһαôģֱ˷ʱ䡣
ʱһ׽ɵĿֲŸոճ͡
ͨ׽٣һʮֻ棬΢׽ٿɲһ㣬׽Ҳǿֵ֮ģ˵ΪֱӹϵӻƶǶȹ׽ٵɣƶĺɣ൱Ĵڣһ׽پϣҲ£Ӧԡ
΢׽Ȼһ׽١
ȻһûκһͷϣȴƳ溣ϣһ£һˮͻȻȥһյͨ飬ֻƬʱ䣬Ƴ溣
ĵ绡ʼɢֻҪĶ̾ͻᱻճɷɻңһĵ绡죬Ƴ溣Ѿ˸⡣
棬΢Ҳǻ绡ܵ׽ٵϴ˷·һ绡·һž졣
ĵ绡һ޼᲻ݵıӣʲô棬ʲôᱻ顣
΢Ϊȹ̣Ƴ溣ɶȹ׽٣׽ϴ֮΢ľҲʽһ
Ӻƶ֮ɫֿʼԼ۾ˣȻαɣΪ˿ֲ׽٣
ƶʱŷӦźòƳƳ溣۵Ĳҽ
ҵĳ溣㾹ҳ溣ɱ㡣ƶŭˣе̶Ƴ溣ϣֻҪڼʱգȵƳĹƳһʵһôĺɵΪҲԶԿһ
̣Ҳһ
ڣһж׽֮»ΪУӵĶ˻ٵһƶܲ
ںֱֹҪˡ
һ̣ƶðһ֮ɲǼαǣһֻγɵĹֳ棬ֱ΢
ƶǳ֮ɣʵѾĺɣȴǻϰ꣬ƶƳ溣
ЩÿһЯĶأԶһαɣȻһֻûʲôвﵽǾǼΪֲˡ
һ£˶ͻȻ̧һӣðֻ綾Ƴ棬Ǻεȿֲ飿˵ɣҲץϹƳĹƳȼߣ࣬ǶԸһʤ㡣
ƶȫϣЩƳϣôһ¾ͱ΢ɱ˭÷裬üۡ
ƶ˿ûпΪʲôǰα׽ٻôΪʲôһ¾ͽԼƵĹƳɱô˵Ҳֻǳɣߣŭּܱ֮侲
ֻһ£Լ๦ļһɱҪ˺Ƭ
ϧǺã΢֮Ĳ̫ˡ
΢ѾǶȹ׽٣ʵһԸһĺɣ׾١Ǿ޴ĳɳ΢ֱ̧ۣƳɽȻͷ¡
޽ʥ⽣նɾ
޽ľ޽֮֮£ǽǽɱУ޽ʤнĽ⣬΢ĽΪԱ۴նһʮɵĽ⽣
ֻ˲䣬ƶͱһΪǺڳҲԵֵ΢һ
ƶӲұҲǱն˼ȱڣƬʯն䣬ѷײ޴졣
һĺΪĳɣ΢һɱɾ䣬û˿ˮ
ӿŵûƶΪҪ٣ƶǰһնɱǶ֣
ȻɻôֲΪֻαΪȻûʱ룬ҲԿ뵽ֻתӡ
׼֣ߵͬʱȡһɷҪֱӴ߶΢һ۾ͿеɷǴɷһ߶ǾͻӸӰ١
΢ûʲôԹɶԷҪԼأһ΢Ͳ
ӻӣ΢ߡ
䣬ȭ΢һ䣬ͬʱʩչֵֵȷͨȴ΢˼¾磬ԼͨҲԷӳЧ
Ҳ΢һʼͱֵǾǵжߣжϡ٣ֻҪãôǵͶ˵ҲһֱȥɣҲ÷˵
˿΢ʩչֵ˵ٶȼ죬Ӵ߶ɷ֮ǰ΢סԷΣһȭΧ֮ڵ飬ʱ޷ʩչͼκηġ
ӱһȭľɷ޷׵ͷ
ʱҲһݣҪջͷͿϸܵĽӭֻоһʹ㳹ڰС


ʮһ 澭
΢һС˰ٽ⽣˲ʱ佫ɱ
ĺɵƶҵס΢һͲ˵ˣ޽Ľ⽣ɨ֮ӾͬһƲһûһõĵطѾ֧顣
˽պ˾ʹ˱
΢ķֻУһ׽ƳѲƶ溣˵ʵǶ溣΢ûʲô÷ӣֶ棬һˮԶԸҲ΢׽ֲ̫Բһɱ溣αɵ׽٣ٰʮֻѾǲˡ
ƶ溣΢ڶʥ⽣նɾƶɱð˰ٽ⽣ɱӡ
˵û˿顣
ǱĽҲ΢һ棬ĳ𱨵ˣɱ
˿΢ʶһɨ̧ԶŶȺɢ¶ĽϺͺӡ
ǶȻǱҧ˿ɫѪɫ۾ţؽҧ˵Ѿ˿
Ǳһ˿Ҳ˻ԣ²ʡ
ѹؼʱ̺ӷĿǾͻѣ΢ܼȡǽ˾ͽȳһ˻һɵ϶棬һյؽ˷£Ȼȡⶾ˵˷¡
΢ϴŵĵҩɳԺɹٵعҩЧǿӦÿԻⶾأܱסǵ
ֻҪзӿԻָô˵Ƕ֤ˣʺǿ
ɵҩҪЧҲҪʱ䣬΢룬ȥӺƶʲôõĶ
ȡʦʣ˼Ĩ˼ʣͼŵ˾Ȼƾʧ΢нŲߣֻʦıΧĻǵĴڰˡ
һǱ
΢½ѷ֮£׼ʬ
ǰʱ΢ûٸ飬ܴӶԷ̵ôӺƶȻȱµǵһˣϲûкö
ʲôǾǺˣûУƶϵĳҲĲϣ΢ɹ٣԰˾ԼһЩʱԼ
ҵӺƶĲʬ΢ѰһȻҵǬǬָȻнƣ΢Ҫ֮ѡ
ƶĳף΢ҲȡֱӶǬָС
һӺƶǬͽָĶ࣬˵ֱһ㣬ɡ
һЩɷҩһЩõʯȻûʲôö
ȻҲȫûУ΢ͿһöͭǮ
ͭǮм޷ףȴһε͹ӡ׭дšԪͨĸ֣кǿ֮Ȼһ
ЩŹ֣΢Դ߶ȴǷԼɹȥ󣬾Ȼͬʯ󺣣Ѷ΢ԣȴǷ·ͶʯȻһûио
һöͨͭǮȻͬһ޵׶һö߶Ҳ޷
ˡ
ҲΪˣ֮ǰһֱûһöͭǮԵУãòˣһ᲻ø˻Ծһֱţͱ΢ҵˡ
΢ûӴ߶⡮ԪͨҲʱȥ֮ԣ΢ͼʶδûзʹá
ӵǬҲЩƶǬָвٺöˣǵҩʯҪӵĶһ˵ӡڳϵĹ΢ɨһֶۣһЩɹԼ󲿷ֶòϵģֻһЩƶķȴͨãɻɶʹá
΢һҲǳУҲȷЩֶΣĲ˵˵ƶ溣ǳ䲻⣬ǶԸҲǴ´࣬ԼƼ򶾳溣ǰ򼶣ôٶϺŷаսɱ
һ£򶾳ǵӿȥЩ涼ƶ湦˵ȫƳףʴҺŷĵв
ֶ漫ƣ˵򼶣˵ƶѰʱ⣬ҲֻƳֻﵽͭƤǺɶҺһĶ档ֶͶԶ
΢ˡ澭ϸ֮һּΪӵĹ΢õǿоһ£лᣬƳһЩΪáƶǬָУֳѣԷͬĶ棬ȻҲƶá
ƶһûУҲƶУԼƳƶ溣Ǿõ
һֱɱֻϧ˸ӱ̬΢Ȼ뵽׽溣ҪȻƶ治öԸ
սսƷ΢ʹ뿪ڴ˿̣΢ͻȻΧвɢĶ棬д򼣬ҲЫӣһЩвֵļ׳档


ʮ ĸѪ
΢㶣ЩҲƶƵģ˵ˣµĵصѷ쵱еȷʮ㣬ʺֲֶƶѡĶ溣
ʱ΢̧ͷһɨͻȻ֡
΢ۣɼ˲ɼˣ΢۶оԵơб΢һ۾ͿԿ
治ԶһطȻɭɭð΢ǵã֮ǰûеġ
к֮£΢𣬺ܿ͵Ǹðĵطϸһŷ֣ǰұǱԼոɱƶõʥ⽣նɾնһ޴ȱڣǴȱģҲǸոһЩѵʯ˱
ж
΢һӦˣ£һץ֮ǰķȡ߿ʼ
һѷʵһ㣬΢ҲۣԾ䶴ʺϡ΢ⷨʵΪʯͺжһףһ΢һѷ俪һһ˸ߣݺȳɵĶ
澹ȻһȻĶѨ΢俪һǽڣԷĶѨ
˿ıˣ϶кöġ΢æǰ붴Ѩ鿴Ҳʮۣȵ΢֮߹հƣȻǷһµĳӡ
ʵϵһ΢Ĳǳӣ޴ѨƵĶ档
̫ˣֱ飬ʤƶǿֲĳ溣ࡣͷһ΢ǸоͷƤ飬̲סһ£ʵĶ̫ˣֶУģһְ˶ߣȣ·ɼ׳Ķ档
ֶǧ֮ޣ˿ȫڵϣһ
΢ͣƬ̣ס˳ȥͷĶȻ࣬ƺû˿ƣҲ˵ҰĶһ
ֻô˶Ķ棿
ѵƶһֱ֪΢ÿԺܴΪƶ֪Ȼ뷽跨ЩֳɵĶΪãˣһεʤ˵ˣ΢δػ䣬ҲӮ
ΪЩĵȼܸߣȻ澭ĵȼƶƵЩҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ΢ſЩλõһӡ
ӲɨȥһۣſԿ಻һɶֱԲΣһΪ޴Ȫۡ
ǳðĲˮѪ
ʺʺѪ˿̲ϵðӿţǴĿһĺɫⶴѨûģƫƫУһѪƺʲôԷ⣬֮⣬ѪϷҲѨͷұϣ˿飬ȫһ߶ߵĳѡ
ЩѿȻ⣬Ȼÿһֻ΢ĹâǼǧһȾͺܿɹˣⶴѨУǿܽЩġ
΢ĿɿڴĿǰһĻʵ̫׳ˡ
﾿ʲôطѪ־ʲô
ͻȻ֮䣬΢Ѫأ뵽˺ǡ澭Ƶ΢æȡдų澭һƬףͶ뵽棬ϸȻҵˡ
ĸѪأ
΢š澭ĽܣĿԿ϶ԼֵѪأǳĸѪء
ʲôǳĸѪأ
ڳУʥһĵطɵʿһһԽٶȾûʿֹ
ڳУĸѪرȶҪٱ
ֻڡĸʱ򣬲Ż֣΢֪ǳĸѪأôѪ棬϶һֻڳɳĳĸ
ĸΪʣ˵߼ĳӣĸѪӵмǿһЩͨ棬ֻҪѪΧԵõѪصѪΧ򶾳һͨĶ棬ܵѪصӰ죬ҲͣǿǺԼڵĶҺǶܿΪޡ
гĸѪصĵطΧܵӰ죬Ϊѵġ֮ء
ĸѪ̫ϡ٣ƶҲûƶ˵Ե֣֪ﾹȻһĸѪأǲϧһдۣҵȻ󽫴˴ռΪС
Ե޷֣ƶֻǷʺ棬ȴѹ֪ұ֮£Ȼ
ʱ΢ͻȻ٣ʮĶ
Ϊա澭ԣĸѪڵʱ򣬼ûκη֮Ҳֻ棬ѪؽǿӰ˼άΪĸѪصػߡ
˿ڳĸѪػûзǿĳĸ֮ǰѪѪصУôȵĸ֮󣬻ΪѪ֮˵ū͡
ʱĳĸص׷Ѫ֮ˣκη֮ġ
˵һᡣ


ʮ ճĸһ
΢֪ա澭˵һĸѪзĸѪػ̸ɺԣо㼯ĸϣĸʱʵٶһ
ȥɽµУĳĸָĸһǳǾǲٿسȺ
һ£ԽĸƣصĸԼԼǶһΪǿһ֣һӵпǲ򶾳档΢֪ƶ溣Լ˷Է⻤壬Ǹղž˵ˡ
ھһѵĻᣬĸѪǿ󣬾ƶɣܻʱ䶼ѰҵĸѪأҲ澭ԣĸ׶ΣһΣʱֻһʼ̬Ҫ컹ʱ⣬׶μҵĸҲûʲôô͵סįꡣڶ׶ξĸѪصֻ̬̬пܿƳĸ˵̬Ǿǳ̬ʱĸ泼ʵǿֻһ·
˵ǧѷ꣬΢Ȼ˵ڡ澭Уйշĸ
Ψһ鷳ǣĸѪ̬ʱһЩԼ澭ԣɣΨĸ֮ǴӣΪɣΪķɣռ׻κεҽѪ֮ˣķɹɱݡ
Ҫĸȹķһء
΢ųţ̤ƶУӰнӽѪء
˷ȫĶ棬ԽѪأĸͷԽ󣬳ԽҲԽΣա
֮΢ѪΧ׷Χ֮ѾûжҿЩҲֻʳʯеѪؾʵǰвٶѾҪﵽαһΪ
Ҳᾭ׽٣ʿ֤ʱĻҪѪصĶҲֻڳΪɵĹؿǰûͻƣЩһɽ٣ʱȻǹ׽
΢ĿЩȺЩ궯еĸ̧ι״Դ΢˻У΢ǿϢѹƣЩҲǰ
ȵ΢ѪظǰͻȻѪطӿһֻӰſҧ΢һ˦µʩչһ˦ͬһɽĹȥͨĶֱӾѪصзǸӰҲֻǱ΢ɳȥڵһֳ
΢ϸ˿ӰһֻǹһĹֳ棬ٶȼ죬ԾϳȴǴڵī֮ɫɢɭɭ
ʣⶾķеĺ档Ըֳǲֱģ˶ö΢ԻȭԷɳȥһǰѾѪϷ
ʱѪطӿĸȻĳĸ֣ʼ궯ţʱӰѪԾ΢
΢һ֪ķǵˣȻͬ澭˵ֻɣһֻһֻ˿˿׹⣬һֻޱȴ⣬һֻҺ֮ʯȫʴ˿˿졣
ҪԸķɣڵ΢ҪСĽҪƿسĸͱһء
ķɣԲͬԸɣþ淨ӦԣԸɾҪȻ෴ǵ˲ǣɵʵ
΢ͨ;ֵҲ񣬼ɺͻ΢ֱʣʦһʣͽԱī
ʦмΪ컯һɾȻǷ·һͻȻһѲʵϣΪɱããǧãʱ΢ʺϡһȱһȫͬԵĳɽһ𣬺ǿ֪
һֲ˻УɻֿһɢֲһһŻ󵽴ٽ㣬Ȼըѣȫǡ
ʣɣ΢ſżף޽ֱӽ׹ǿɱһҺҲǿǣ״ֱӳ΢һƬҺҪתѪصС
΢ˣм˽ƵĻ˿̶赲ЩҺҲǼʴ٣ֱӴһƬ⽣ǶҺն顣
һ̣΢ѾǷԾ£ֱѪصС
澭νĸĲ裬ķǳĸ֮ɣɱ֮󣬳ĸҲܵشʱ޷ؾʱҪץʱ䣬ΪΨһԿƳĸʱ˿̣ҪԾѪأԪѪӡڳĸü֮ϣɳ׿Ƴĸ
Ӵ֮󣬳ĸ˾ѪΪһ֣ڡѪ֮


ʮ ճĸ
΢ǻѧã˿һͷѪأǸоΧһƬ죬Ѫʮһһɶߵĳ壬˿ֻܿһ˶ĳͷð棬ųʮֻ۾΢
ǳĸ
΢ǿһ۶оëֱ澭еûжԳĸʲôֻ˵ĸΪӵвٿ¶ֶΣûģˡ
һżĳͷƤ顣˿̼ϲòѪ֮£΢ѪҺ谭һ̤Ѿǵ˳ĸǰԿĸûгͣԴ¶ѪģŲճҺ
΢ա澭нķҧʳָݺӡٳĸ˶Դϡ΢֮壬Ѫˮݣ˿һƬѪڳĸԴϣУγһɫӡ
̣΢澭ص䷨֮Ѫںϳĸǡ˿̣ԭЩ궯ĳĸʼǼſȥ˵۾Ҳϣ·˳˯
ˣ΢ճ澭˵ȷͿˣֻҪȵĸ죬ôͻȫԼ
ʵڳĸͷһӡֵʱ΢ȻоĸһѪĸо
ôֻҪĵȴˣ£ʮ꣬ȵĸ΢͵Ƕһһİ֣ҾԵĹѡ
ô˵⿴ȥ޴ֳªĳĸǲģ΢ĸ˶ޱȵԴȻһɳѪء
΢ֻҪҪ˶ãĸͻ·ķػԼֻ΢ֶηһͨû⣬һԼ֤ϵǾͷסˡֻ΢Ҳһֱ˭֪ĸжòŻھûʱˣ΢øϻȥμͥᡣ
뵽΢ɴཫƶŪһԵĶѪصУЩʱ򶼿Աĸơ
֮⣬΢ⶴѨ֮⣬ʦֶͨ޲ȱڡ
ԭﱻ΢ýչ˿̣ʦֶΣ΢Ȼǻʯһֱȷۿκα΢˿
ϵ棬ȥ֮ǰαװǱӺͽ˻û΢ֱӴŴǷ𣬷ԼɸţչǣżҴҵȥμͥᡣ
ûӣ΢ǳ٣ɹٲͬɹٿɲ΢춼
ҲкôȨգҶɳĶָơ
һ΢ùٷվٰǰʱѾ½ɹ߽΢Цź΢
Ҫλʾ΢ɹٿ˵ʤÿ춼и²ɹٹԱ˽ݻ΢ȫ档
ʱ볯Ὺʼжʱ䣬һɹٿΧˣֱߵ΢ǰЦִˣɻӦ
΢֪ɹ٣˾ٺƹܵɹڶ࣬ҲΪȨɳµٺ»ŵȶϽ
ǲƴ֡
л˹ġ΢ҲʮֿǹֻƷɹ٣ȴƷɹ٣Ʒ
΢΢һЦ¿˿ճִ֮Ҹһۣ˵һЩ飬ִ˿ǲҪŶ
΢һ㶣û뵽λ˻ԼԼȥǲȥ
Կ϶ǣԷû£϶飬΢ľܾƱػ̵λˡ
˵Էǵ͸߼ϵɹ٣΢ʵûбҪС룬΢ͷźɸһξʹһˡ
ãʱҹִǰЦ˵꣬ʱɹҲˣ˻ȥ
ĳûʲôر飬ΨһǱȽϴľĸÿһȵİٹҪʼˣȻҪ׼һɳɹٶţëʸμٹȴ֮١
¾һЩɹ٣δʸ
İٹ΢϶ʸμӵģĹλѾƷһǳҪλãҪǣ΢ѾĸһϵĹԱ˵ʸȥġ
֮ԷŵۣҲĹȻȫͨʱ˾ᰴһЩҪⶨμӵĹԱֱ·ȥ
Ȼһγ򵥣Ƕ΢˵ȴǶһҪ³̣д¼ڳĿ⣬Ȼдݣһϳʣһ´ȵһж֮ɹ뿪ˣ΢ʰİ߳ͥ


ʮ ϵһ
ΪͺԼ΢ûлԼɸţڣһЩСᴦãǱӺͽϣţչˣҲӦ
΢ֱӼƷȥݷú
ɳ󲿷˾ڳ죬ɳǣȻϽ֮Ȩɳɸںţɳǵռһأ޽Ǻǣٱ΢ɸҪˣϾҲƷɹ٣λ
΢յſڣɸеĺвˣ˼ɾ磬ʶɸǧﷶΧںţɳ֮⣬͸о΢ˡ
΢ĸǣȻԳӭ΢оȵͬʱҲһ
Ȼ󣬲£΢ԼҪŰˣܰ죬ܰǲܰ졣
ִ˿ҺõȰЦݣԵʮ׽΢Цļ¼Ҫһʱ׫ȴú˾õˡ
޷֮ǰݺ˺˪޲裬ںȸոպáһЦݣȻ΢˷
ȥ֮΢ȷԼǸɸֱªңɸ澹Ȼһߴʮɵɽٲˮ̨ͤ¥ӦоУֱﻨ㣬һͤ΢Ŀɿڴ
ɸϹ;ϰ٣˵һЩĻˣ΢˶ˮصУһζ
һʼ΢ΪԼۻˣٿȻһɫͷܴ
Լֻ˼㣬˼ѾˣˣΨҶ𣬷нУҲһ
΢룬Լɸǳʮ֮һֵһᡣ
ͤϣмֻ޴ɺ׷䡣
Щɺ׶ޣÿһɵΪٶȸǿĲˣ΢˵ҪôһֻɺףԼƷɹٵٺ»ٶʮꡣ
һԿǰ滨԰ɽŮ͸΢һ裬˿˿
ִˣϺõĺ˪޲裬ƽﶼ᲻úأ㳢ΣЦ΢Ȼ˵˪޲裬ǵȷǶɲ裬Ĳ趼⺮˪޲ȴƫƫһ㶼ΪˬˣһɴĲ㣬һںȥζҪǣⶥɲκȣΪ˵ʵʵĺôˡ
΢ҲûѣֱӺһڣͷڳƺò衣
ִɳҲЩͷˣȴһֱûִͣ˿ɲҪȥʮֿ΢æôᣬ˿ˣҲִˣֱӽ΢ͺá
Ʒɹ٣΢ߺܶ࣬ô˵ȷ̫ˣ΢Щ
һЦ΢һۣŵãҽϵܣһ׽׽Ҳǵȷ֪ɳŲ̫࣬еʱҪϵϳλִ˵жԼ䡣
΢һ֪Ȼ¡
΢ı飬Цϵܣոٵλã֪˾ǺߵһҪʾʲôʲôҪƣҲɳ֮ڲĵĹأУϹɳĹƷõһõͷǳΪɳعһ㣬ҲҪϵȻҲϵæ
һ㶮ı飬Ҳǿϲ΢˵ˡ
΢һףϵΪ񣬰عƷҲͳܣµ˿϶ûТȻҪ£һǲģֻгıʸӲ̡
˵ֻҪ΢˵ʲôʲôطãǲʣִˣĸ͸λ̾ͻ֪֮Ҳ֪Ǹط̾ͻԳΪɳعˮǴߡ
΢Ӱ
ԣŻԵƷ΢˿
֮ǰ٣ҲһҪ£ĵ΢һˣ£΢ҲûбҪܾеʱȷҪ
΢ҲҪԷæĵط磬żɹٹλֻ΢ԼҪѶȲСǺǾ׶ˣԷ˾٣Ȩ󣬶ҶԸ˾ҲǺӰ΢ҪţŹλǿԽ
뵽΢ͷˣЩСǲ˵΢ҲȻֻҪ˷Ըһá
һ΢·ҲΪˣεȷǸ΢ӣԼƷɹӭһƷӸĿν൱󡣲ı㣬֪΢ٽöֻкô


ʮ ϵ
˶˵΢ûʲǫ̂ɽҲֻźڻ޽öѣʵϣо΢ܳʱ䡣
һʼ˶΢Ĺ·ˣȻҲڵİӣʵǣ΢ɹĸڷ
ֻһ
֮΢Խĵ͸߼ˣϵ˱΢˵ʵ̫С첲СܺͶԷԿ
˶ã΢λ΢λȥȻڶ̶̼ʱڽڸʼľƷһ·Ʒ
ڼõʱ䣬ɳڶɹٺա
һΣ΢ȻԵõٵǿλΪ΢汾£΢á
Ȼ΢ȷĲɳڣȷܺãţ涨Ȼһԭ
Ǿ΢Ŀɽ
΢пɽɽͷСഫ΢ĸɽĸµһŮ٣ӦûȻܶ˾ãֻһŮ٣ֲĸʲôó
ô롣
ǵ˵΢Ժٵĸһ壬֮ͱȥ˷硣
ôԼ裬ĸ΢ȥģⱾûʲôؼڣĸȻһƷٰ顣
Ȿͺ˵ˡ
˵ʲô
˵ĸܿ΢ô΢ĿɽҲͺ֮ˣܳΪƷ٣ĲɺҪţҪǣĸ΢Ŀɽ
һβŻ΢˵Ŀ˵ĸ棬Ҫ΢ΪԴĸһߡ
ҲƷλϴ˺ܾãҲаʱˣһΪڹλ
û̫ǿĺ̨ҲǺĳλִ˵ĹϵǿŶԷıӻ
˵ĿͷĸĴ
ĸǽɣ󾳽磬˵л῿ĸĴȣֻҪһлᣬͻȥԡ
ǴһģôøҪ΢ڿʼֻҪ΢ʱʱڹἰԼĹôö֮Ϲٶӡͻߺܶ࣬ôΪλҲǰ·
⼸㣬Ż΢ôӡ
˿̿΢Ҳӣĺ⣬ȻǸˣЦϵܣ֪¸ɴ࣬ãģʲôҪҰæľ˵⣬Һ̫ˣֱӽҺͺá
磡΢Ҳʮϣ£˾Ƕһ㣬̸
΢Ҳûֱӵ磬˵һһæ
Ŷ˵˵Цˣ΢æ²ңҵĻǽⷬԷпƭԼģ˵˵ѣԷԼæǾͲһˡ
˵֮ϵǽˡ
΢ֱӵһѣҪɹ٣ɣĲɲ·԰æһ¡
ıλ±˻Ѱ죬ȴǺð죬ȻɣǾͲʺսɴ˾ѣҸһƷɹȸţǸ˲ţģΣ϶ġ
˾
΢룬Ҳÿԣһ˵ţһ˲ţһıʿɲ˵Ƚ˾̨׳Ϊɹ٣֮Ҫٱ䶯Ǿ׶ˡ
˵ˣɹٱһżҪΪɹ٣ѵľͷһˣôˡʵģмٵĿܣʵһģҲһλһֱȥ϶Ǳûйλͨǿ̫ࡣ
˵ţĲŻҲֻгΪɹܷ֮ӳҲܶԼ
뵽΢ͷãǾİš
Сһ׮ͷңԻţĵط˵˾ҵһĶֵأҪôŶԡһЦӦ
ܸˣ΢ֻҪ΢ô֮ϵͲơ
΢ִһȥصɸ֮󣬾ͿǱӻн͵Ȼˡ
ǵ˶ĶһˣأȻˣõһ
΢̾Ͱݣ΢æסЦλʲô
ִˣģȻǸл֮ǱһӦһԺӺͽҲһ
ҹҲżȻǣͽǴһô£ΪλжǱ֣ϵƿɲᰡԲһտΪ¶סˡ΢ʼװɵ˼ףżȻ˵ˣŽǴ˻֮һŲ֪
Ǳ˵Ҳûлɣֻо΢ˡǱΪʦķ֣ûмӺһ·λߵĶˣǿӦѾ溣Ӹˡ
Ҳûк΢ϸ˵ܲס΢ѯʣǼ򵥽ǸԵľһ


ʮ ţ
ʿ֤֮󣬰ɳɷǲͣ˽ģҪ·ͨҲǲֻɳɹ٣ǵõɳ˲ʸµ˽硣˿µ˽磬˽ˡ
Ǳºͽ֤֮󣬱һɽ硣һʼΪȹΪһطչڼȥһ꣬ȵǳ֮Ǳڵҵӡ
֮飬΢Ҳܲ¸ˡ
Ѿˣ΢Ҳö£ǱºͽƷס˿飬΢Ҳǡ
ţ΢ˣΪã΢Ҳ˼ô֪֪׶һֵεͬǲҡ
΢ҲҪǵͬ⣬ΰҲҪú˼һ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ΢ţרŽе鷿Ѻ齲˽ţ˿΢ıʿϸһҲǵͷˣµҲǺͳ񣬿˵߰鶼٣ȻȨҲ󣬿еʱδ̵ôһЩûаãҪΡλҲǹΪ˵㲻ǿ԰һЩĹеʱͬһ仰òͬķʽдǽǴĲͬеʱܱ仵£еʱ򣬻£Ҳܱɺ¡
һ΢ҲףţΪɳ֮ܿʵܿɹˡ
ҴӦˣһı˸λ΢ЦȻţһ۾һ
ô죿ʲô٣ȻţԵºģҲȷػ־һЩжˣҲֻɳϣܷӳļֵ
ƷʲôְҲ˾쳯֮Ҵȥ΢˵һ䣬ţ֪ٶҲûãһˣ֪ʱӦô΢һ񣺡ˣţ׷ˣλǴ˵˵Ļǵһλġ
Ǳģ΢˵ͷȥ׼׼ɣҵһʱܼңڿȴǲˡ
΢ĻţͻȻ뵽ʲôЦܼ¶ţһʵѡ
ţƼҲһӣϣ֤ˣһֱҪɳɹ٣˵һֱ־ڻֻͨ츮
ν
ͨ츮רƹԩţ˽ԩ飬ܶෲ˶ţԩ˹ԩҲɳԩ
Ҫ֪˽ֹ֮ƣͨ츮ɹôܽڶԩ鶼ԾͰ˺ܶԩ˼ԩ飬Ȼ¼Ͻù١ùҲֻǾƷֻǵȴûƷ
ţƼˣ΢ȷ˻ЩѧģȻţҲƼɶԷвѧȴǲ־ֻܵһԷԸ׷Լһʱܼң֮󣬵ǿԸԷһλ
΢ͷţҲЦҲʮδˣ뵱˽ʱһһͬѧͬѣ֤ɣɽûˡ֪Ƕˣ֪ĽϵĲѧ֮£ΪЩ԰Ҳʲôȱ㣬Ͼ˶аǡҴھȥ¶
΢Ҳǵ˵ͷ£ͽˡ
΢˵һС£Ը֮ţͳȥˣһߣǱڻָ΢Ҳǣ鷿֮ڣȡǬеõһöԪͨͭǮо
˵ߣţҲû뵽΢ȻôܰԼıһɹٹλľȣ˿Ҳ൱˷ܡ
ǿɹ٣ȵ˶ҪѰٱ֪ɽ統У˶ţë֪жҪɹٵλãԼɽܴλѾţΪ⡣Ƕһ˹û⣬ɹǾˡ
˵˲Ҫģ΢ţҪˡ
Ȼϵ΢飬ţ϶ᵡ΢ɸȴһµĹܼң뵽յͬϡ
ҲԼλһѣ˲֪ţȴףܵ΢ɸĹܼңǵǰֻɹٵС
΢˭
ѾƷ٣ɹ٣ȨƼ󣬶΢ƷٵĺǳѾѰƷ¹һ
Ʒ˾ٺýã֪΢ɳĵλ
ôһˣǲǰ;ģֻһܼңֻҪлᣬ΢ȻԼˡ
ţ˿̿ٸͨ츮ԩá


ʮ ׶
ԩһԲεĴһλÿնٶλ·˵ԩ¼ڰϼˣԩܴİӣŻύͨ츮ɹٸ档
ȻϡΪٶ֪ʵûʲôλֻǻҧĽֵɶѡ
Щֻд֣ˣѾͣҲ˵ûʲôرĻԵǵҲһΪλãܶһ¡
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ţ˵طȴûֱӽȥԩҲͨ츮һſɱأҪˣҲͨһ
һţûоΣɱȴһϣԼſڵš
ͷˣ͸˵ţм¡
ţܿɱ֮ͽȥͨˡ
˿ԩ棬ֵԩеڱĿϢҲеĳŹ²ڣȺһġ
ϱС
һòõˣȴɫȴΪһ£ǾǸոĹµĸпһͷϽʮϾһӵˣУ㲻ɹ٣ֻҪǸɳǶǳ顣ﰾʮ꣬ǿҪһΪһͷ
˿̣Ͼ֮࣬Χϲ
֣Ժ㵱ͷҪչЩѰɡ
ǰöʮˣϿԸһҿٰһЩӣ˵ܻµĵʱˡ
Щ֮ԣȻǵЦһͷѣλͲҪˣҷģԺܰæģϿ϶ƴǣҲϣԺԶ֧ңܵϹ£϶ҡ
Ҫ֪ͷʮֻ֪µȨǺܴġ
ϵ󣬽ڶĹάʱɱ߽Ǹϣ
ҾǣϼæǰЩɱǿǲҵ
һ㣬˵ţҪݷѡ˵꣬ɱͳȥˡһȴüͷһ塣
ȻǵԼλյͬѣֻ˵ʵǰоͶţʮּʡ
ʶԷĲɱԼߣҲʶԷıԱԼǿ
ˣϲ飬ԼʶˣǿȻûκα֣ȴôġ
ʮǰͼǿţ֤ɣʵһеԽСѾţһˣôҲһλҲɳĲ٣ȻûƷѰ˶Ҫһȡţ϶Ǹո֤ɣȻǴԼϢҪͶԼ
뵽ϲмЦЦȴûгȥԱһ֣пãΪβȥͣλشģ
ҡͷԣ˶֪ҪͶңȻǾƬֺη˭ã˵ġ
ΧȻвϲС˵־Ҳܶ˵ʲôϾԷҪΪͷˣҵ
ϾȻûгȥǽţ棬ɵãǸԼһϺõĲ裬ĺ
һֱæҴ󲿷ɸԵͷලԼϾҪΪͷȻû˸˵ʲô
ţ֪аʱûм˳ûɸոոɱͳˣţô£ǲϲڡ
ڣֻƺû̳ɱʵشţʱоЩˡ
˭Ҳ᲻ˣãȻڣôҲӦó棬æѲҲӦô仰ŶԣҪʲô
ţ֪ϵԸһĪ԰ʲô¶ǿʤʮûԷҲӦøıһ£û뵽ȻǱ䱾
ֵһǰ浹ǳϡţ룬סǼһҪǼǽ֮ǰԺ붼˵˳
ţһˣŭЦ
ãϣţͬѣҪָһ·ȴССݾȻҲ˿ԴǿЦЦţŭȴһ˦䣬Ҫ뿪
ʱԱһٷɹ٣Ա߻´ģ·ɨһţǸԭ̬ɹ۷Ź⣬Ȼһǰȥʵʣλִ˸ϵܼң


ʮ 
ţŭ壬˺Լ˵һۣҲǾЩӡ󣬾ʣǣ
ŶȻܼңǹͣͰͨ츮ƷùѦǰȥݷִˣֻϧִ˲ڣʱǼܼҵġλɹٿȻţǼԸӣ𿴶ԷƷûУܲס˼
˭
΢ǿɳֿȵǴһĴڣ̶̼꣬ӾƷһ·Ʒһǳɹ٣Ψһĳ١֪Ҫȥͽᣬ΢˵һ仰ǱȻ˺ͨ
Էһ˵ţˣȷѦ֮ǰȥݷù΢ֻ΢ԸһŲͣԺЩ˴򽻵ľţ
ҲöԷǵԼ
ԭѦˡţ˻񣬶Էæţȥһ𣬸ҪԸ׼һЩɾƣֻǴ˿ţ鲻ãֱӻؾɫѿ뿪
ȻⲻǶѦѦȴŻˣԼʲôʲôطλ΢ִɸĹܼҡ
Ǵ£һ˶΢ִˣǿɾ鷳ˡѦͲͨ츮ˣڻܲܵ˾ˮͨ츮ǿˣҲ֪˾ͳ֮湲ͬ壬λִˣҲҪơ
Ѧǽո˶Ǹɱŭô¡
һʣѦҲǷʲôˡ
λܼѰһϵֻǶԷȻҰ׶ţִ˵Ĺܼҵһʱ
ԼҲǻŭ
ǸҡѦɫʮѿһ֪ʲôϾͼҴˡ
ţ԰ײŶԷѦƹɹ٣ǵٴҲѦ
ѦڵĻûأֻҪһ뵽һ΢ִ˵˼εĻʹˡ
΢ִʲô
ǸҺ͵˺͸߼ĴڣСϺף˼һָԼЪˣѦܲ£ܲ
˭ѹǵãҪ֪ٶ࣬Ŀȫǵã˿̿һ߽ʵ˭ϣ
дɱ
һŵĴ˸£æѦˣҾϡ
㣬ղô£Ϊִ˵Ĺܼ㣬Ҫܶûʲô飬ⲻΪʲô˵Ѧô˵Ҳһɹ٣ȻŭգҪôµġ
ִ˵ĹܼңҲʶղţֻǰһͬңҲֻչˣԲŹⲻôѦһﻹ֪ô¡
ʣϵλͬѾִ˵ĹܼңԷϣ˵Ϊ˰һѣƫƫƲˣԲŻŶԷ
ʲôʲôԸǡ
Ѧ룬ǿûлأϾϺǸܼͬѣ뵽Էʱı飬Ѧ;ûã
ԼҲԽһִϹϵȫ޴ϸˡ
ԽԽѦ޲ھͰ׳ոˣסˣϣȥܼҵлԭ㣬Իǲԭ㣬㣬Ͳûˡ
˵һ˦ӣתߡ
ϴӽ;ʲôطԣʱѦеġܼҡǷӦˡ
ܼңţ
ֻΣһܼҶѣʲô˲Ȼô룬ѦĻҲνˣǾҪߣԼĲ£ôУû£ϼֱ
ȵϸһţڵԼ֮ǰǸһô޴顣
ţȻλ΢ִ˵Ĺܼҡ
΢˭ڼ˲֪ɳǣѾǹٰƷ٣ȨƼ΢ִ˵ĹܼңȻҲˮǴߣֲѦѦ˻
ǻڵĳӶˣ֪ţڵݣﻹŶԷ֪ţԼȥݷˡ
ڵã˼ˣԼȴǾԽԴޱȣŲһǵţţ΢ִ˵Ĺܼң˵Լ΢
ţ˽ģ飬Լ֮ǰ˶ԷԷ˵ԼıõĲ£п̤ٳڡ
һ뵽Ͼͺ޲óԼӡ
ϧûкҩֻ룬ȻȥŪһЩȻļǵȥ΢ɸҪţ


ʮ Լ
ϸϵ΢ɸſһſѾźüˣϾĿɿڴΪģɹ١
һٱ򱶣Щɹٶ΢֪΢ִȨơ
Լлᣬһֺ屻³ӣ̲סԼݺԼ⡣
ûӣ
ͨͯӻȥ֮󣬾ûٳľĵĸʱȵڣţûг
ϸɴſڣɼţˣ뵽ҪĲ£һʱ䱯ȻǺ
Ժںţ壬ºǱվһԹսҲ֪ţ˿˵һ䣺壬ʵСˣɲȥá
ţЦЦȻ֪ˣҲʺϸִԣ֮ǰˣҲң֪һ۹⻹Դ󣬻Ҫȥξһѵɡȥ˾Σ߾˵ְæܰġ
ԱߺʱĿʱͻȻкѣұΪִܼң㾡ȥΡ
㣿һΣģҲͶȥһĿ⡣
ԣң˽罫ոãΪִ˴һɸⲻģһ澵ӣִһ壬˵Ҳ̤ɳٳһ졣
ģҲûٶ˵ţһζЦݣǱͽϣҲ˼ǽĳ·
£Ҫ̽̽˵Ŀڷ硣ţȻ˵ʲôֻô˵Ͼ΢
ǵ˵ͷ
ǽϻǱӦ΢֮Ĳ͹ϵ֮ǰ΢Ŵϻ޷Ტۣʱ΢ؾʿǣȻһţֻǡ
ɶ̶꣬ٿ΢Ѿ޷Ĵڡ
ĵ֮Ʒ֮Ȩƣһܽ˦ʮ֡ԣںת˼ǾҲ׷΢
˵ɽ粻û죬Ҫڵײ㣬˸ѹôþ׷΢Ϊֻ΢õҪĶ
һ֣һУţߵˣȥִ˵飬ˣλͷæߣ˴Ϣ
˵꣬ţһԺڽôϣţҲ֪Էһյ飬ҲӦóԼɶԷûУôݹԼˡ
΢鷿ţţһ˵
ţȥһͿ΢ϣһöͭǮ΢ǶͭǮ
ˣܼҵ飬Ǹͬǲˣ¹Լ˵Ըˣݴܼһְţʵ˵
΢ֻ˵һ֪ˣעǷһöͭǮϣţȻޱȣ֪Ȼ΢û˵ǲҪʵĺá
Թһ˳ȥ
΢˿̵ȷûʱ˵ΪоһöԪͨ˲ٷ֡һöԪͭ岻ֻһöƵô򵥣ҪٿֻһζĹԪ֮Ԫ֮ι
Ҫٿܼ򵥣ǾǰͭǮϵһοھٿ֮΢˶죬һſھ
ѧ֮ٿ΢ѾٿһöͭǮͭǮɱС֮һôشʮһһˣֱҹȥͺãǶȥһɽһ˶ס
ȻֻˣôһöԪͨ΢۾оôãȴΪ΢Ĺܶɳ鼮ɳûƹԪͨҲ˵ͭǮɳõĻҡ
Ԫͨ鲻ĳ
΢оͭǮӦòֻôһöΪ澹ȻбţһöͭǮ˾ʵǿᣬƴʦҲֻдʦһĹпͭǮ
΢ֻǾú棬涨Ȼʲô£벻ףҲһŪ
֮£΢ŽѾƹͭǮպãֻպ⡣
ȿ쵽鷿洫һŮˣ쿪ʼˣΪ׼˹ٷ˸ϳ
Ǻӵ΢㶣֮ǰţȷ˵ëԼɸĹܼңѾʼˡ
΢һʩչ䣬ϴ䷨Լһߣúӽ
˿̺һ£ľУ΢ɢĹ¡


ʮһ ׻
Ȼ̾Ӧݣǰǰ΢Ϊǵλܱģǽ̬ŵĺܵͣ΢ôһĲڣϾͺӣǱͽǵĵѣ˵΢ƽ۽ǿԣͲԷƣȷҪӦһ¡
Ժ£ͿˣɸܼҪǱЩҪĶࡣ΢˵һ䣬Цųǡ
ʱ΢룬ʵˣ֮ǰǳ֮飬˽ôˣ
شˣҵĺ¸󽻸ҵĵӣмλҵʦøӦ޴󰭣ǱֵڣϵīɽҲ࣬ңдԪΪ£ԪҲæġµû̫ǣң֮󣬷ˣͽǵ飬ɵ飬ǹϵ̫ˣҾǽҪշҲ뽫ʵԹ˲Ͼշˣ
΢»е˼Ҳǵ˵ͷ
¼ԼΪɸܼңҲΪ˽㣬ɽɳΪ̤ɳٳʱ򣬻˳ȫ
΢һЦ¼򵥣Ůɹٵλò࣬Ҵź˵ģµǿԴӳ顣
˵£΢ҪúΰǱͽˣͬţ˵ԼȱٵľµİףţϾҪȥ˾ΣǸԼߣʣǱͽϣҲֵεˣΰԼúú˼ı˼ı
ǻ᲻Լ뿪չ΢ÿԲɽҲһˣѾ֪ɽĲпԣң˭һΪ˾ͬ˽ķˣɽ磬ң
ǱͽûߣȻҲǱǵ˼
ùٷ΢̤ƶȥϵμӳᣬһţߣʱţ͵棬ȵ΢Դţȥݷú
Ҳʹ죬΢⣬ҲǸţһĹλƷ٣Ͻ㣬һʲˡ
һţҲʽ̤ɳٳ
ߵʱ΢ţһɼһֻҪһлᣬͻ١
ȵ΢ǰ徲˺ܶ࣬ȻǱЩݼԼɹҲûټ
֮ɸ֮ҲǻȻһ£Ȼ²ٳЩҲ࣬ҲǷĲ١
ӭ˻ظʱһͯˣ΢΢˵ͷһûпϺǱһµǶںдء
΢һԼʱûʲô£ʹȥ
΢һɸǸƣǬȻȲ˾ɸУдɽٲôţҲСԺӾһյأдá΢ʱǱͽڻԳ֡
ʮ岽ڷ˵ȻǴ򲻵Էģ˵һ뼸ûʲô
΢Զͣ½ŲΪŶ˱ԡ
ó˻ڽĿǰƴƣ˭¶Է̾ͻҶ˶ǳֽ֣Աƴǽ
΢פۿŵĺҲͣ²Ҳ΢
ʮϢȥǱ߽ϵϢͻȻһͣ٣ڴ˿̣ǱˡһгԶʣһֱ϶ȥ
ȻǱȺ潣ϱ֣ȴǲȻǻⱩ˲·ָഺһβٹţͬһΪ׳Ẻһ㣬ν͵ĺɨһ
һһƬ磬ȻֻһУȴ·Ĳǽһ޴һ㡣
Ȼһ½Ǳһķ˳ȥɲɵǣһı䷽֮󣬾Ȼֱ΢ȥ
Ϊٶ̫죬ǱͽҲûзӦŤͷһһǱҪʩչֶνԼķٻйȥ
ʱ΢ȴ۾һɣ·ųһɳ콣Ȼ˲佫߽⣬ˣǱķ΢Ҳһץ׵С
ͨ飬֮ԼԦģǴ˿̣һȴʵʵ΢Ľ֮¡
ûжֻ֣⣬΢ͻǱǿһнʽ˵似ǱͽϷӦҲæǸ
۽Ǳû֤ǱȲϽλ֤ĽɵģϵĽ΢Ҳǲ࣬Խһ񽣴ǱĽ΢ȴǿ׻⣬ǽ䷨֪΢ڽϣ̫ࡣ


ʮ ս
ûʲô£λ⣡΢Ȼ׷£һ⣬Լ׻⽣룬΢ֵ⣬ҵǽλԻཻڽƮݣīɽǽͣǻڻͨλĽһЩҪ֪ʽǹʲԷ⣬ɰٴͻơ
΢ֻһ仰ȴǱͽ϶˼ĥеĵ
΢򣬹һʱ䣬Ƕȥ
ص鷿΢ϥƬ̣һɫʱ΢̧ͷſڣϿ£
ԭ΢̽飬緢ֽվʱƺϢһʼ΢Ҳûеƣֻʱ䳤Ū彣Ҫʲô΢̲סʵ
˵΢һ֣ԿȻվ⡣˿̽ϵִ˹ȻտѾϢû뵽Ǳ˲ˡ
΢Ц⽣ϻΪԼշ֣뻹Ǿ˵ƣʵڲ֪ǳһԵ֮ǰ¶Ʒǰߣˣһ鶹⣬Һͺ˵һҲһݱǡ
һ£㵡
Ȼû뵽Լӿӵһ΢Ͳˡ
˵ӣɸ֮ڣÿһλú;ٶ΢ֻҪ֪̲Եߵˣ֮ǿ죬һ㶼΢Ҳ̫ˡ
Ȼľͬܵ˴
Ϊ˽Ǳ꣬Ϊʮǰ֤ʸֻԸ⣬Ҫ
ɽ֪жɽжߡ
ĽȻɽĸֱǲ̫Զ
һ϶ڽУԴɽһ𽣷һ֣ŵһǱڽϣҲǱ˺ܶࡣǱ˽һЩ֣ϼȫݷдԴǿĽ
ɽ磬սӣ۽ʱԸ֮ˣ˵ȽҪѷһ
˿̽΢Ϊ˺΢ƴ
΢ĸ֪û뵽΢ͷ˿̽Ǳ⡣
΢һҲһ㶣뵽⣬΢⽣ϵ뷨ڽϵĽȻǴһƿ֤֮ǰϵĽѾͣǰˣ֤ɣҲǿû
ԽϲҪսԼϣ硣
΢Ҳǽ֣⽣ϵ뷨ǺʹĴӦˣ⼸նڴ΢Ҳ
д裬ҪģȽǱͽϵдҪҵĶ࣬Բɸ֮ڡ
΢һŲɳɸϽ󣬶˵˰֮һɽͣ¡
˴˼ʮֿտʺд轣
ǱϿɣ΢֪ذܣҪȫԸĽƿԶ޷ͻơ
˿̽ϰγķڳһʽ΢Լûɽв٣˿̿еķƷ룬˦һһˣ֮ɽͻһ⣬䵽С
˽㣡΢Ǵ󷽣ӻƶŪ˼ɽֻ΢ƽʱҲòΪ޽˵㲦Ѿ޽޽⣬΢Ѿý
Ľ⣬ѾҪʩչ
΢ûýΪߣдҪȫԸ΢һεȻˮԸҪý
ΪûбҪ΢ţһлܽϡ
˿̽΢ɽ˲Ǵﵽ˽һľ磬һ̣ϵξȻǱ仯һΰӰ
΢һ㶣ǡ塯ȻϵĽȷǺܸߣԼûв޽޽֮ǰһ֤ԺʱԼд裬ǰԷֳʤ
ڣ΢Ҫֻ֣Ҫһۣܿϵǳ
ɢԽ߷ˮǼĲأ΢һȫ֣֮ǰѾǽˡ
΢ҪǿĽ⣬ѹȽϣöԷβ߱ȽβȻˡ
Ǳ߽˲о̩ɽѹһ㣬΢ޱȵĽѹЩ͸ѰˣˣɽϾȻǿţȻһһĽһɽ˳
ˣҲǻ󺹣ɽȴǱκʱҪˡ
Ϊڸոֵ΢⣬ȫɽγʱѾƿõĽȻһ˿ͻƵļ
ܲýϲ
һ̣ϿһϽӽ⣬һޣŽХ΢ѹȥ


ʮ ʦ
΢Ҳû뵽־ǿһƼǿɱͨαˣ΢ȴǻ
ʥ⽣նɾ΢ֱ̧ۣ£˲ʱ䣬һ⽣۶˲ն
¡һ⣬ƲɵڵһɳĽۣ͵ĽƣȻһһնɾ
Ȼ΢һնڽһ࣬ɼˣҲֱ˽ϵĹơһ㵣һ֮С
ĽҲʧ٣ָƽģ
ȻˣܵüΪסȻϵΨһһǣ΢ĽĻҪ
ǰֻܲ׾νţˣϻŵģ΢һ
ϣ壬ѾǺ˲ˡ΢ǰοһ䣬ȴû뵽Ͻľٶһ
ͼϾȻǳ΢дһ΢ˣҪϾ͵һѧ⣬ʦܷŹΪͽڽ⡣
˵꣬ͷһݡ
΢ȷǱһǧ㣬û뵽ϾȻǴʦֻʲô£ԼͲ˽̫࣬ңҲԣ΢ͽϵͽַύ뽣Ͻύ˵Ǹƽ۽ǽϰʦǾͲһˡ
ƺ΢е뷨ֵʦ跳գҲЩνı֣ʥԣΪʦͺͱݣҽʦΪѧ⣬ԸִΪʦ̷ңȫ
˵꣬һݡ
΢ˣҲġ
˵΢ҲףԼǻԵɺ޽ˣ㲦Ų޽Ϊѧ޽΢л޽⡣
Ȼ˽ɣƿûĻԵǵԪľٽһ
ϲԸˣΪ˽Űʦ
ǽߵִţҽ֪̣΢϶Ҳδʵ⣬ֻаʦѧľ衣
ԽһǼΪϡ
΢룬ˣȻ϶ܿνı֣ԼִڴǾ³ˡ
ԼΪ̽ϵȷʸģϸһ룬΢⼸ԼνѣǿҪΣҲʤ㾭ϰʦʵǲֵһᡣ
ãҴӦҪ֪һʦ㲻ɷڣѭҵĹأԸ⣿΢˿Ҳǰڳʦϣһ䡣
ϵͷԸ
΢㽣Ϊͽ΢Ҳʹ졣
ǽϵ֣΢ȻڴԪҲչͽܣʲһԪͽ΢ѡΪ˼̳дԪ²ԼƿشԪȴǿ԰ﵽԼͬţ˵ɽԼİ׻̫ˣǽ֣΢㲦һ¾п֤;ܺϵ
ְ֣΢߲ܡ
΢İʦܼ򵥣˵ûκηʽĸͷˡȻԺ΢ǲڽнֱ֣ӽͿԡ
֮ǰһɽʦͽܵļɽ΢вֵһᣬڽǿɾǱˡ
ôãõĻ˽ƵһƷƷٺãҲǷ֮ѡ
ɽͲһˣͨɽҲɽ֮֮ƶɵģܱͨġ
һɽŵ˽磬ǾıһǿıЩ˽ţҲδһɽ
ɽ΢㴫ڽһЩΪɱУֻΪͨ｣⣬򽣵衣ȻⲻһһϦ飬һд裬ϱѾ࣬λȥ㹻յˡ
ΰŽϣ΢Ҳ롣
˵ڶգ֮ţȵ΢΢һʣţ£
ţͷˣƷɹ٣ɳɷƷƷɹ٣䱸ƷѾͳ͵˵ɸˡ
΢֪ģֻһֱûȥԼ
Ȼ˵ٶȣֳֿ־ã϶ҪԼƷҪܶ࣬΢ȥ벻ţѾˡ
΢֪ţȻ飬Ծʹһ䣬ţҲ֪ˣСˣҽɳڼҪ˾еҪְһ£мзӰԼˣǶǽİǼģ㲻ܣҲԽڵְɹƿأѾдֽˡ
˵ţţݹһŷ⣬ﲻ˵ĵطţܿ͸뿪
ŵ΢·Ͽһۣ˵潫ɳ˾һ飬ǱעЩ˾ְҪԡ


ʮ ٹ
浱ȻرҪģһЩְҲǱţȦ˳
ֻмĹְȱ󲿷ֶˣȻţѾǽЩεɹٶгעһɹ棬ע˶Էһѱ
Ȼѱǹһˣһ˵Ĺؼ
Щôӳ飬Ҿţʵʩ΢ġ
صɸ֮΢Ȼ˾Ʒ
ɳƷϵɹٶ䱸ȻȼɹٵƷǹҹġ
΢Ʒͨһ֣һֻƥƷһܳˣѰУҲ൱ɳȨĲˡ
˿̣ºǱΧſƥ׳ӵ̤Ʒеı죬ߡ
΢Ҳ⣬źΨһ鷳ǣȱһ
һΣëԼǽϡ
սϵĻ˵Ⱳӣýʲôˣˣ΢ݳһ⵱򲢲ѣ΢ȻԾ΢ҲԶ΢ҵ
΢ҲûԣϵţԼġ
һϣ¶аˣֻʣǱͺ뽣ֲͬŮӣ־ܸߣҪɳٳ϶ģֻ׷½ȻҲ΢ΪʦǱͬ
ǱûҪɳٳҲԽô׷ɽ翪ɣš
Ҫ²ףɽ翪ɵȾ̫࣬ΪҪҲ̫ߣʱȻǲܵġ
һǱҲ֪Ⱥºͽϸã

ڳǰݳ΢ڣ˿츣԰
ĸٹӣ΢ĸһϵɹ٣Ȼ͵õһġ
ģ΢ýϼݳϹȥ԰һڿе԰мɽˮͤ¥󣬻аٻޣĸڳһйÿһ綼С
˵ط΢Ѿвͣ棬֪Լģȫƥϣеƥƥ˵λ͵ģƥɹ١
΢ƷɹݵľμģûУҲֻԺʸ
˵Ժ΢ȻǿԶɶӰɶԺ٣λƷȻûʸģԿɶǹǰվ֮ǻڵˡ
΢һЦýϽͣãԸϵ㳯ſɶȥ
ִ硣ɶһ΢æӭ˹ǰԺʱһʼ΢ִˣ΢ô̫֣ˡ
ɶȻˣôȥ΢ʵɶЩŵִ磬Ҳͷһĸİٹ磬һе¡
΢ˣһοɶԺ٣ûʸμӡ˵ĸİٹ簴չȻÿһΣῪеʱһ꣬ʮ궼Ὺȫĸ顣
˵΢ҲͷһβμӣЦ޷ִҲͷһβμӣǾ
̫ˣҲ˼ɶһЦȻࡣ
ҲɳΪٵˣ˭֪ĸİٹҪԣܲμĶɳһɽĴɣ˵ĶͷˡɶΪҲֻͨɣλҲֻͣΪԺ٣Բյ
֪ɳУҲеٶյĸ
ɣ壬Ҳûʲô죬иԣˣ֪ĸϵɹζõģԺʱ;źĻҵΣҪץסᣬسԡ΢Ȥɶһ죬ĺһ߽԰
΢Ž룬磬԰е˲࣬΢ĴĸŮæµڷẒ́绨еĺæµ
һۣ΢Ϳ˿üͷ壬Ȼʲô鷳
㣡Ϊ΢ĹϵɶĹϵҲܺãֱСһʱɶ΢죬˹ȥ
ɶܵܣˣ΢˵һŤͷһ࣬ԱߣŵĻŮɣǰһ˸ߵɽ
΢۽缫ߣһ֪ɽǼǼƷɱɽȻɣƣϸԿɽйˮǱ档
ٿ΢֪ⲻǱô򵥣ΪѹһɽֻɷСʣһģǾɽĴɣɶֻһпܡ
Ȼ鷳ɽйϵ


ʮ һɽһ
΢Ĺϵʲôʣһʲ֪ô¡
ԭһɽɽƽ͸ĸɽкܶ࣬вĸ֣һҲвٵģͽһ
Ӿ˾ˣһͬҲĸ֮СȻˣǿ϶ҪģԾôһɽ
ɽɲ򵥣һںĴɽɣһƷˡʩչɷɴСǷŵаСľɽͣѹһУ֮⣬ɽϵһǶģ۹ٲˮ˵޼֮ɱ
ΪɽֻƣһǽһĴɽ˵ɽķأѰ˱˵̧Ҫᶯһ㶼һƵɷѹɽ֮ЩŮɲܰöɾڸոһŮɾȻǲСĽɷһӣһ£ɷʧ٣ɽʮѰŮѾ̧
˵ѰŮɣΪﵽɵˣҲ̧ɿԣǴϵ£ûһһΪ
֮⣬ʱţɷľʱɽԽԽأһɷûˣ鷳ʹˡɽֹʧȥƣ̾ͻᱻѹ
Ϊ·Ȼ֪µĺӦĸĸӳ֣ɷѹɽ֮ϵɽ֮µŮɱ𷣣ɱ̣֮Ҫųȥġ
˵ȼɭϣŮɰ²ҲӦġŮɺͬãȻǲ̣Լû취ŷ
ܵܣʶ˶࣬ܲһƳɽɷˣһŷȻС鷳ˡҲûˣþܽѹȥҲȻĸǿɲǿЦġ
һС࣬ҲǸŮѾŵɫ԰ף
΢ҲʶС࣬ǰ棬ԷԸܺãҲæ΢϶Ҫġ
һԿɶҲһżҲǼ棬֪ºѰ죬˵ͨɣһɽҲ֮٣鼱֮£ȥңСִ磬ô죿Ҫڴ˰æ
ɶ֪һΪΪĸߣзӡ
΢ҡͷȻɣΪҲߣⲻ˶ɱǶԷ֮͵ľУҪǴͨ
΢ûɶżҲżʱҲ̾˿ˣɷһֱʧ浽һʰĵزǾĳˡȥĸ˵˵ҵĹʧĸңӦáӦò̫𷣣䡣
ǱСҡͷ޵㣬ºûϵҵĹҪҲǷҡ
ǽܷܿܡЦЦǿЦ
ʱ΢ͻȻһС¶ѣҲûҪȥĸ£ܵҾͰˡ
һ˶ǳԾС
һʼ΢ûΪ΢ûӣҲֻȥĸ˭뵽ʱ΢Ȼ˵зӣһ˵Сһ׮
΢һЦݣĵӣҲӦ˹֪΢ԸûаգԲ˵ֻȻ˵ˣһзӡ
ɶҲһǱС۾Ѿˣ˿΢Ļ͸һϣ
΢ʱȥȡֽͱʡ
ǹСԼǰ;ȻǱ˭ģ¾͵ȥá
˵꣬磬Ƭ̾ȥ
һ棬˿΢ܵܣĪҲɽ
΢ҡͷᡣ
ʱʲô취
ƣ΢ЦзӣɽȻƣ΢֣֮Ч
鷨һ־磬һɽ
ľϹλɴʥһЩ˺ħģȵ˭
Цҵ󡣡
˺ħһǹЦǵУǾɣ࣬ɺɽħҲĿ࣬λɴʥ³ۣһʱ޸֮ӣ˵ȻǷЦ
λɴʥ˵Ƕһ
˵ȻţԾ͸Աɿ԰ᶯʮʯЩħҲһɣɹһЦȡʣдˡᡯĸʥ֣֮һʮСɽϣɽ


ʮ һɽ
Щɺħɴʥдˡ̩ɽĸ֣Ȼ˽һֽ˭һֽ˭
ôһֽȻõ
ɺħǲ˵ʥ㲻ʥԼһֽ
λɴʥһЦǰĨȥֽĸ֣Ȼ׾ٽֽ
һ£ǾɺħҲӦһóϷ
ǽ̵²ҪʽãҲӲ˵ɵ鷨ʥ
΢鷨ѾʥʥԺʥҲ˵΢鷨Ǹ
ʲô
˵ʥ΢ԼᲢۣͬһϣǰʥûƵĻ˵˵֡
ˣɣǴ󲿷ʥ
΢ġ壬ȡʥѹħʬ˵΢У΢֪ʶԨɽϣһ΢ʥ鷨дһѹɽϣȻѹɽϵɽ֮
΢Ϊаյԭ򣬲һСͼҴҵȡֽʣ΢Ҳ飬ۣԿɽɷȷǲʧٲ֣¾ˡ
΢һдһǳɡ
΢дǡɽëᡱ˸д꣬ǳʥ΢漴ǽдֵֽɽ֮ϣһѾѿɽɷ
΢һٶǽСŵĻ겻壬һ΢ֲãǳɷǴ˴
Ǿ֮࣬΢ɷ֮ʲô鶼ûз˿ع
Ȼ΢ɹˣһ֣ͽɽϵɽ֮ѹסֱͨ˼
ˣ߰ɣֻҪҿһ֣û⡣΢ʮ㣬һΣСССģһ̧ȻǿԽɽ𣬶ǰҪһڣһ˾ȻͿʵǲ˼顣
Ůɿ΢ȫͬˣǴžĽ˵һȺŮôţ΢Щ˼
ܵܣ˽ҵĴæ磬ܼ£߿вɫ˫ΪָߵģҪ֪·ܶˣɹٶвֹһ£ܵڶҲƷˣҼŽһˡһʮ˵΢һ㶣һЦ
£ͬȢţ֮䣬ҲҪְ¡֮Ԫ꣬ΪԽߣԪԽߣԪʱҲįеŮɺ֮Ϊ¡
ֻ΢˼ʱ䣬ҾУ΢Ҳº˫
뵽£ԴӼǰ뿪ԪѰʦűؾѶ΢ҲǵĲѣȥʲôط΢ȴǲ֪˿Ҳ¶һ˿ꡣ
Ҳ΢룬ղҲǿЦ˼Ӷ࣬ƺ΢һЩ䣬ҲǲˣҲû⡣
㣬ٰٹ϶鷱࣬ȥæҺͿɶԼתת΢˵һ䣬Ҳǵ˵ͷȷ̫Ҫæղŵһڸæȥæ
ɶھ̾΢ոһɽ֮ͨɫִ磬־ȻôƵɽѹơ
΢ҡͷ͵⵹ҵֻѹɽ֮ѣҪ˵ΪͨҺλӲʮǧ
ִܲһ֣һȥԹڣվԼɶʼˣȻҲǴޱȣɳܶʥ֣Ƕϵģ΢ֺʥ£΢֣úͻ֮ʱҲǴ档
֣΢Ȼһɶ֣΢϶ûӾܾˡ
΢ͷӦ
ոһС粨֮΢ŷ⸣԰˱֮ǰ˲٣ոԼǸС鷳ʱҲм˿ˣ˿̣һλ˾ȻǾֱ΢
λɳִˣ̬ӵ˳΢ȭһ񣬳ʵ
΢΢ҲдλɻΪɣαɣ΢óλͷԪѾʣ޼ˣ΢ȻǺܹΪ˵ˡ
һαɣܱμĸ磬˵Էһ㡣
Ҷ΢˵Ӧùġ
ִ˵֣һڲʩµʱ˵ִڳĶ鷨֮ϣʥ޲ѣʱһţڿȻ鴫ɺǹάһ䡣
΢˵뵽Էɹ٣ΪֻɣҲܱĸ˵Է϶й֮ԼһЩţӦ˭ˡ


ʮ 
΢ǹһ񣬳λɺׯصˣ΢̿֡
ɹû뵽΢ϳҲһȣЦִ˲鷨ף˼ҲһһĴϻֲۣ;ܹټƷǳɹ٣˲ã˲á
仰˿ûб͵˼෴͡
΢֪λ˿˲ãɽ統ҲһλˡΪ˲ɵֻ£Ҳ¡
˵λԨһ޵ǹ¡
ֻԨ޵ĹԶλˣҲֻ٣ǰ˲ãһλ˹壬ĳλ˻ʻݣ˵ɵй
ôһλӵܣɢҲƣơƣ޽ۣɳɵۡĸԼЩɡ
ˣܲɳϲ
ҪƳɾˣҲôף˻һЩҽǸɵйļҲɢ֮һˣķβˡ
ԨǻʮĹ£Ϊˣ١һʮѾزڴҪʱһֱעɳŽֱ֮ӹڣӲĽΪˡ
Թͷһܳɵġ
֮Ԫӣɱɹ٣ķƻ£ҲѾˡ
ҲԪľ֮ʱλѹûΪȥԪӣԪľ֮Ȼֻһ·
ˣԪҪľʱȻǽޱȣ뾡취٣ǻĵǣΪԽãԽǲ
ȴûһĵ֮ɫһȣ΢̾磬һ£΢ԼԪҲƵᡣ˵Ϊˣ΢൱ҲǴ𾴵ġ
΢ǵãһʱ˺һʱɵġ
뵽΢ͻȻ־òԡ
֪ĸĿģ˵ˣΪԪ硣ɽɹ֮ңഫһ˶ֱӳɣ˳ˣꡣ
Ҫ֪ɳΪܳʢ˥Ϊͳɽ磬Ϊɽɶ׳Ƴɹ֮ҡ
ɽһ죬Ϊν죿
˵۷ˣˣ볤ϣֻǳǻûԸҲһɽеĸңΨһԴٵɹݴң꿪һһˣɽܹҲ꣬Ҳ˵һǧ꣬ٶʮĸҡ
ɽж٣ǾԶҲ˵Ԫʱ򣬱¹˭ֻҪÿԪ
еĸңɳѿأĸİٹǷ⸣ҵᡣȻܱģҲ⸣ҵĻᣬΨһǣ̫٣ÿһ綼У˵ҲЩͷٰˡ
΢˼ȻˣԪ಻һ꣬һ˵һʱת˲ȸһҲŶԡ
Ϊһ˻Ǹˣ
΢˼ʱǱЦִˣ಻㣬ƽûʲôãΨִ֣˵鷨Ľã֪ɷִһī
ԭ֡
΢δػ΢Ǿ壬Ȼܾÿɶȥֽʣдʲô
룬ͷдİɡ
ģ
ȷǺʣ΢һǳдĸ֡
дֳ֮ʥ΢ĸݸˣˣЦһֵˣ֣֡
Ȼ΢൱⡣
ʱ½˽΢ʶĳɹ٣ҲһЩ΢ʶˣһЩΪɽˣͬһкܶඥŵƽ̡
˵ɽкܶͷﶼˡ
΢ֵʩ޼Ҳˣں棬΢ǣ˫ȻҲˡ
ʣһ磬΢֪ԼҲֻǲμһ¾ͺãһͨɹ£ǣĸǵˡ
ɶһʲôã԰ײ԰΢Ϳɶ˵һ䣬ɶû˵һԵ˾ЦӦˣҲֻΪ˳ʣִǵһһңҳʲôͳʲô㲻С
΢Ҳ˵ĻˣµͷУܲܳԺãˡ


ʮ 
˵˵⼸£ҲһЩãһϲ鷨һϲԣٹöˣʲôóʲôóԣұ˭һǾͿң֤ǲԿ˺ֱˬ˵ó˵顣΢ɽˣǱżӣôֱˬģеľֶһ֡
ʱǰһɧ΢ȥԭĸˡ
һĸŻװ̬ǧͷʷڣ˿֯£ĸһģһһֳָĵˡ
΢ɨһۣǵ˵ΪԼ۾ȻѾǿˡ
һ΢ʧɫҪ֪ĸΪ΢۶ܿӷֺȥͨͨĻ۵ˣȻǱĸҪĪ⡣
΢۵ֵ֮ʩ޼мλ˾ȻҲǰ
Ȼ
۵˾ʲôͷֱ˼顣
ʹ֮£΢ǰһЩȻͨ˵ʲô
ʮ⣬΢վвˣǲõ̫ۡ˿ĸǻ۵С˵֣˵ˡҲܴӦҲ֪ڸʣ޼һҪҽй֮ȴҪƽȡһңܴӦô
λ۵һĸʮ𼱣һȥңҲֻǽһٹ꣬Ҫʱҵȥһɡ
ĸȻԸ⣬ǻ۵ûʲôˣ¾ôˣһмҪս磬鲻á
һ£ĸҲ̾˿ֻȡһӤԴСɢ֮ҵݸǻ۵ˣ߽ӹһҾͲӰȻǱյǬ䵱С
۵˵л̾ߣʩ޼˶͡
һĻ΢ˣΧڶҲȻҪô֪ǻ۵˵ѹҶ˵ҪôǲԣҲ¡
ǻ۵һöңҲû˸Ҷʡ
ڳУʸõҵģǾ֮٣΢Ҳ֪֮΢ԼԪ࣬΢һϵɣԪ֮ѹġ˵ԪһҪ˭֪ԪۺϵֻǷһʧһΣǶԪɣƺѾܽӽɣʵϣκϵûгɹԪѾ߰˰ˣûû
ҪôϵһɹԪȻֻͨԪ
ûиңԪľضɡ
Ϊ΢ѹûǸңҲΧߣſɶ˳ԱʽʳȻһ𣬵ȷޱȡ
΢ڵ򣬶ͨˣɳ߲һЩˣмǸɽ֮ϣһǻ档
ո΢˫һ֪ʱǲҪ̸ΪϾ˫⣬ϻֵʩ޼һϵˡǱһϵˣ߼һˣû΢Ҳк̸ܶ
ʱԶһɣɺڷĵֳۣһӣһ֮߹ƣôǱĸ˺ͼλ۸ҵķ䣬Ԫȥȡһ¡
ó˺˹ϵ˿һżӡ
ҡͷλο࣬ΪʱʮأҪ£ʱܵɶɣֶʱƣҲһһΪƺãƲǴˣ֮أٶΣ˻꣬ǧ꣬Σģӡ
΢Ҳһ㶣˱Լ׷Ϊվûѡ
Ǹӵĺȴͷ㵹ģиңȥǱ˱ˣҿЩԶżֵ󣬿Ǻ㲻һԪ࣬ͻƾ磬أԪľֻ·һҲܣߡ
˵꣬˲ɷ˵Ӳˡ
˲ͨҲ޷֮⣬Ҳͨ˲˶٣ȻѲֻǱߡ΢ͿɶҲûǺ˺Ϊ˺ã΢ҲãҪ丣ңӦһݡ
ʣ΢ͿɶҲƽһЩߵýɹһȵȥɡ


ʮ ִ
ʱ򣬸԰ļɽǱߴ˶һ㶣ʲô˸⸣԰ú棬Ƿ׷ǰȥʲô顣
ִ磬Ҳȥɶı˵΢ԼҲͣڶһͬǰȥ
Χ΢̽ͷһͿ˭ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵Ǹˣ˿̺һŭɶŭΪʵֻ֪£Ҳɲô۸ʮǰ˵Ҫ٣һֱϣ磬ƶų⣬ξȻûУǺεҲǹɳͷȥ£Ʋ˵ǺͷᣬȻһЩԶ֮ŷǵ̣һиûйҲпͣۿԪΪξͲܸһ٣
óʮַŭӶˣһ˵ˣȴס
ĸλ˶ڣ˿ĸޱ飬֪ϲŭǼ˶΢΢üȻԺʧΪܲ⡣
ʱüɽҲʲôطȻĸλǰСУɺͳ
˺ȳ⣬ƱɫضɽҡһסˣǺ˾Ȼһ㲻£ˣɽǲ֪ͨǳˣֻǽûдСУشҸոʡ
˿಻ɵΪһͭһ˲ɱҲԲܱȵùһ
ȴ˿£ȻͨˣȻ̡
һʣ۾ɨһĸͼλֳԶһͤһۣȻŵڸҵķ䣬ĸ˺ɳ߲д㣬ɶ֪ɽֻ긣꿪ǧջһΣһҲٶʮöң˵ÿһǼΪĸٹ磬Ϊ˽й֮ˣʹңԪϾɮ١ĸˣȥǧʱҲûгԹңҲ֪йͣҵȷ֣ұ˵һոһλǰߣҿٵȼ꣬һҳ죬ʱɳȻȿˡ
ǰǰȲҪһΣһο϶ֵġ
˵ӦһɵģеʱҲȫָ⸣ҰϾɽҪҵǴڡ
˵꣬ҲǿڷȽûκθͿɽˣͽȻǸʶʱ
һ΢ЦֻЦųǣҪɽԷƢˣһѹŻˣ⻰ŪңҾһ䣬Ǹһң
һ䣬ɽǺû˵ĪҪ벻ɣΪͿԺѾ˵ˣѾ꣬ûˡ
ûˣҵҪʣǷָ·ɣɽʶʶǲԪǲǱƵĿͻ󡣡ɽȻҲһ¿ģƢȻǸˡ
һȻṫ޲һƽɽˣ֪СɽѰˣȻɹ٣ΪҲߣȴǿ֮ˡ
ഫϹ˿ٵأһƬ翪ٳǳٳ磬ʱϹд֮ʱеνʮӱ֮һ˵䣬³ö֪ӵǵģԼѡˣɳɵҲȨ档
ɽѡˡ
ԼɽΪߣҲûйλɽĵλҲһŵģȴûʵȨӰȻܺ;Ტۡ
һ˾һڿʼһλĸʹ͸ҵˡ
һֱֵֻʩ޼ƽӣɽˡ
һѾ˼ƽϡȣոɽô֣ĸͼλûɿڣ˵ľֻˣ˵ӦĸΪ֮ǰλһ
ûжңȻûٸˣȻ˵ʵҲȷʸõһô궼ûеȵҲʵЩӦã⻰û˻˵Ҳû˸˵
ԭܼ򵥣õҵˣһΪλӰԱǿ˰ٱǧ
ֵʩ޼Բ˵ĵΪɳĸ߲㣬˭Һ
һɳ֮⣬һƽӣλǰ÷ˣɳȻҪ£˵ŵУ˵һλ


ʮ ﻹǲ
ӷζʧˣһȻɹҲǺ˴ԪΪ£һţһҲ֡
һɽˣǸҪ
Ҫ֪ɽȻɳƿأҲطôɳӡɽ֮һΪϹ˿ٵ֮䣬䲿Ѫ㻯ɽɽ棬ǿһ֣һΪôһλ棬ɽ˶ɳϽ
֮ǰҲɽ˶ǣǳɽ棬ʱɳɵ٣һǾɽɣɳҲȻʧأƴپȫһ
ɽ棬ô
ǧɳǻ£ɽɣ˱ɽϣɽ峤֮λˣԲŻһҡ
ȻӻǾˣǶɳΪ˴ӴֳʹͳңϾЧ˹˳ǶҪд۵ġ
˶ʵô˭㣿
Կڳ˶ףΪθոɽô֣ĸͼλûɿڣû˵һ仰
Ϊ֪˵Ҳûá
Ӻ;˵ңǾԲҪģⲻǹϵɳ棬ϵ֣ĸǵҲΪһ˶ʧ˴֡
λԽߣĶԽԶ
Ψһпø˸ҵģֵֻʩ޼ˡ
ʩ޼Ҳɳ߲㣬Ϊ֮𣬳ԼóңҲÿڡ
ʵʸеڵģҲֻͬΪ˺ĸˣڲÿˣھǷ飬ΪǷôһ飬ֵáһʩ޼ͬ⣬ǵǰ˵δ棿
׵˴˿̶̾˿֪ǳûϣˣٶһңʹ͸ڣֻˡ
ɽЩ֮Ҳţ֪˵ЩʲôҲɵλǵĴڣңҲûáӺ;˾Ͳ˵ˣĸǲܲʹͣϵ֣ɽҲùȫֵ֡ʩ޼ǿǵ֮𣬽ΪԸڴԿ֣óһöңѶȿ֪
һʼɽЩԹĸףĸʹˣҲ
һЩ飬ġ
ĸҲѰ
ɽ֣л㣬¸ûбҪҲû˵Ҫ٣Īᣬʹ˴סˡһΣȷûҪҵ뷨֮ͬǰ˵ģλο࣬ɣ
һҲﲻζ
˲ͷֻǵԪľɣʵʵˣܵùȫ֣ҲΪɽûʲôɽûУΪҲûУҲôѣ⼸ʸģҲֻɽѡ
£ɶҲ̾Ϊ˱ƽ
ܶͨɣɣȻԿԪ࣬ҲֻܿţֻҪټּ֣һҳ죬϶Եõһ
΢ۣԿԪ⣬ʮֿ϶˵Ѿһ꣬Ҳ˵˸ܵȵҳ졣Ȼ΢һǽһҲӦҲԿһ㡣
΢ɨһۼϸκα飬ʩ޼һˣƺһжûаϵǲϧͬһˡ
֮£ɣλɵֻϡ
ΪһϷңôܣ
΢ֿĸ
һΣ΢ȴǿһ㶫ǾȻĸͬޱ飬һ봦µӣͷϵĽƣȻ˷ƫơ
΢㶣ϸһȻˡ
˵ʲô
΢Լ̣ͨʣĸ˵ģʱȴǲ㿪ڡ
ԭ΢Ҳ֪Ӻ;ǱߵǲҪģҲҪ
ʣµľֻǴֵֻʹ͸ʩ޼ĸܿҪ
ôԼӦô
Ǻɹһ£ԼӦ飿
˵ʵ΢ˣҲ֪Լδܰæֳϣ΢ᡣĸͷƵĳ΢ȼһϣ
˵Ļ΢ǳǾ²Դֻġ΢ȻˣһξһᣬΪĸҲˣֻݣһЩҪԼ˵
ôֻñ˵ǲǾͿˣ


ʮһ ðһ
ǲĸҲϣ˿վٵң
΢ֿܣ²޷ȷһǣ˭վʱȻᵹù˵ĸλȫ
һ£˵ɳɽҲûӴȥˡ
΢Ĳ²ǶԵģĸϣôһվô٣ºĸǷһ飬ͬ鷳Ȼȫˡ
ĸ΢˿ʩ޼һλʩ޼⣬һ²ؼһĸһҲе˵ġ
΢ѾԼΪβԡ
ĸ飬ĸԸ񣬱ȻᱣԼһǰӵ֧Լ
ңԼĸһϵˣʱĸȫ֧ԼλΪôñ˿ǸˣĸǽԼְˡ
Щͷֻת˲֮΢֪Լ棬Ҳδһһңܹԣһɹء
΢˵һĲĵԼǰ;ӮˣԻȡøУ;Ҳõĸȫ֧֣ˣԼپ͵˼ˣҽɳ;һ·ߵͷˡ
뵽΢һ˼ƬѾ˾ϡ
ֵһԣΪԼ;ҲΪˣΪͨԼͷ
ͷһͨΪ϶ܸһͷ޷ͨȻӰ
ͺ˵һֻΪ
΢ٲԥɾÿ϶˻ȨƣûпɽӰ˵ʱ΢˾㵵Ŀ⵱߳
һ¶ʱ˵Ŀ⡣
ⲻ΢ôҪʲô
ҪΪ˵ɣ
ңһֲãͻ˰΢ôɵɡ
ҿδأŰɣҾÿ϶кϷˡ
Χ˶ǽͷӶСۣ²΢Ҫʲô
ȻҲ˵΢ɶк΢ˣԼԶ˫
ͼ΢߳ĸͼ񣬳΢˿ĸλˣʹһöΪ١
һ䣬Χ
΢ûи˷Ӧʱ䣬΢ͣһ£ֵԪһҳ¾Ҫɡ˵Ʒδɵƴ꣬ڹ˽Ӧõõʹ͡ʹˣǻ·˰պģҪ֪ܽȱߣǶɮΪƴɳֻôԪľɣǻܷЦ˲ɳ˵뷨Ƶ˶ˣŷк壿ԣ˹ϵɳ棬ϵ£ԴΪأʹһöҡ
΢ôһǰ˶һ
ɶɴ۾ȸжֵģȻ֪ôķգԲ´ĸ˵˼Ǻ붼뵽
ھ㵡
ʥ㵡
˫Ҳǽҧ촽ŬԼ֪΢ô̫ðˣвͿ鷳
ĸλѹͲң΢˾٣ǽǼǸңҲݺݳʹ΢
ǣĸλҲˣֻλ˼״⣬һģһ䣬ľһС
˲䣬͵ĿͶ˹ȥ˵΢ֲ飬ȻͶءЦĸ࣬ǰ΢ͱˡ
ҲԹ΢ʣʩ޼Ǳߵ˶΢üԣ˵΢ֻһöңҲδ˵˭ң˭֪΢ⷬǺ˭˵ġ
⻰ȻǺӺ;˵ģ΢ÿһ䶼˵Ϊɳ棬ҪôΪɳҪȫֵĻ⻰ǳʩ޼˵ġ
Ҳֻʩ޼ɳ߲㣬⻰á
ֻⷬٶһЩпֱǷˣɱ졣
͵Ϊ΢˵˵ʱû뵽΢һ˶ĿɿڴľٶǾǳ˺ǳƣо仰ҵ˵˵㣬˵㲻ηԲң仰˼˵ɳλɹٺ͵ҵඣ
ʵˣ΢һ仰ֱʵƿԣһ㵣æ֣Ҳ˼
λˣĸ˶ǵõˣ֮͸ˣ룬㶼λ֪ܲУɳΪƣɳɳȥ΢˵仰֮Ҳ˵ʱ䣬һγĸ͵˹


ʮ ʧˣ
΢ѾǽŵҪİգۿɿ˿ĶԿͷƳ΢̡Ҳпܲ׼΢Żš
ֿһĸͷƳһΣ΢֮˿
Ȼĸǿκα飬ͷĽƳ򣬾ȻѾǳԼ
˵ͬԼĻ
ͬһλ֮ǰ˵ĵͷҲԼתƹĵʩ޼ƳȻǳ׺Լһ
ʣ΢˾ǵʩ޼λֵ
΢ҲԤϣ΢֪ԼҪԷһ㣬һʲô
ðʱ򣬾ͱҪĸԼ֮ϲǵõһͬ
ʱĸû˵λʩ޼ҲһһӾͱüλ졣
ڳɹһǸоľ΢˿ǻܲ־޴ѹ
̬Ȿһֱ̬ʱ򣬾λ˶ƤΪǴ˿̶ⲻĸͼλ뷨
΢˵Ŀˣǿ϶̬ûС
΢˵ĻûбͬҲӦһЩ̬ͬûС
Կһ˼ıûУΪѣô˵ôǶԡ
ǾһĴڣҲЩץϹ֪˵
Ϊֵʩ޼˿̵ıҲǴûзκεı仯λ˸߸ϣʲô˭Ҳ֪һԥ˵ˡ
΢֪һ
ңֻѾõȰ˷Ļǲ˵ģ˵ھˣ۶ԷӦ񶼲áԷ̬Ǿֻܽ֡
̶̼ӣǼʱһڳжڴġ΢ȴվıֱȴ
ˣλ˻࿴һۣ֪ΣǶ˵ˣȻҪˡ
ʱͻȻһЦ΢ͦãͦãҾ˵ĺе֪ҼΪΪϡΪ󣬾˵٣һǧٶɽ£й֮˺ֹǧ϶ֵġ޼֣ǲԸãҾȥһսϾɽϾһöٵ䲻ҿԪҲƽһԪ˽ԴϲҲ
ɼæȥͼӼɽ֮ϵͤ߳һӰԷȻһͯһͷţ
ͯһæǹ񡣶˿̣һֱֵʩ޼˿̶ɫ΢䣬ЦǨһ֪ȱ£Ͼ˼󵤣
Ǻͯһ֪ҾϾ˼˵飬϶ʹһöٵЩˣԪòȴǵ̰ͼңʵС
⻰һɫ䡣
ʣ˵ֵʩ޼΢ҲһСʲôͷĸûΪֱӺʩ޼ͻȻҼֵ
Ȼǵ죬΢ȴϲ
ʩ޼һй֮ʤһöдã˵̰ͼԪǨҲΪԣҪ˵ȻҪȥϾ󵤣ȥɡ
ȥȥĪΪҲңǨüëһ
æûʱ㣬λĸ޼ȸˡʩ޼˿̾ȻǽżǨһȥ
ҪߣҲûʼգʩ޼ûп΢һۣûпһۣƺ߸ϵУ΢˶ۡ
ʩ޼һߣһɹҲ׷׸ǡ
˫ߵʱͶĵ񣬲΢ȴͶȥһĵɫ
ȵʩ޼֮΢аʩ޼̫ĲҪˣ˵ݶ˶ûҪóҵ˼΢ҲԤϵˣûӣһԣǲɹ΢ҲǶԵˡ
ʱͤ߳ˣһ΢Ȼʶǵ֤Ժﴫ΢޽޽ˡһһϽۣͷʹڵ΢û˵Ź֣һۣ΢ܾһĪ׽
ղЩðʧˣֲǲ֪ʩ޼ǳһëΣûûã㵱Ͼٵ޽߹˵֮ȻǶʩ޼Ϊ
ܲܣܵȥԣȥǸʩ޼ΪҰ첻ƫƫ͸ˡŴţļǨһƢ˵ɾ͸ɣһ̣һţţţȻһһʡ
Ȼ˵߾ߡ


ʮ ֪Ǹ
ȥˣ޽Ҳ˵ҲĿɿڴ
ʱ޽˺Ǹ΢ȥо׽˶ǳĸλ
ĸЦŻ񣬶Ȼʮֿ
ˣҸһ䣬ˣĹɳǣȻȥΣҶһĸʱ˵ͷһλӦ£Ȼ˵ҪǾһ
û뵽ΪֳôĶҲΣ֮ˣɽҲ֪־Ͳʶ̧ˣҲǸæǣǶߵʱ򣬶΢ͶȥмĿ⡣
ʣһ΢ԣܽΣ⽻ˡ
˿̲˶æǣٶеǱܿ΢ߣеǳ΢ͷ΢Ϊˡ˲ִԣ΢ңͳһ㣬΢һˡ
ˣ󲿷˶ϲġ
΢Ҳǣճڣĸɨ΢һ۵΢¡
ã߲ˣ
΢ĸΥĸ֮ⲻ֪һЩ൱ԾȻ
ĸˣ΢˵ʲôɲҪʦʦ˼ҵҲ˵һ£ǽ΢Լˡ
һ㣬Ͳ֪öĽ˼ϻ۵ףĸΪ֮Ҫˣ΢ˡ
һ΢飬Ҳ⣬Ļ˭Ҳý΢ľٶˡ
λˣҲ˺ü˸ǵʱҲһ΢оȻҲ֮⡣
£΢С󣬶ǳɹˣûʲô⣬Ȼǻƽƣ˵ٹ꣬΢ĹλҪǲ֪֮£΢ǹΪ֮飬֣˵΢Ĳ򵥡
ܿ죬˾ųɣµĶĸѺš
һλһλִˣ޽˵ˣȻ΢
΢ĥʱ޽߹һЦСӣҾ֪ǰ;벻⼸겻㶼ˣҹȻûпۣãܺá
޽ǰ΢æ񣬶λ޽ˣ΢ʮָмģ֤Ժλ޽˴Լ⣬Լ֮δ֤֮⣬Ϊ֤ʱĿֲѣ޽һ΢ʱ¾Ѿˡ
΢ʱǸ޽һ߳˴˿̳ʵ˿΢´
Ǳ޽Ҳһ棬ʣʣϵСӣ
ʡ֣΢ͷһ˲ʱ֪λ˭ˡֲԼһ׽ĸоΪԼġؾԼɵǳλˡ
΢ۣԿ޽˺ͺ˶Ϊ˾ǲ˾磬ҲǺˡ
΢ͷһȴǰһ˴
ⲻ΢װģΪ΢ɵǳԺˣؾǺ˵΢Ǻ˵Ĵˡôûκ⣬Ӧǲ񣬷ǲԡ
΢΢һЦ΢һŵոҼʱͿɣ˽๦Ҳȷд˼ųɾ˵㣬Ҫǵã·޳ֻǵһԺ·أв
ڸ룬΢ȻĽܡո΢Ϳˣλ˲һ㣬Ϊʵ޽ˡ
⻹㣬΢ͷȻһɳȻλɳĵλһ㡣
ԭǺʵĴˣֲеʶǱΨһµһλ˵ҲǴһ˿͡
ʱĸ΢λ񡣡
΢æǰ񣬾λǸ߸ϣΪƺûдﵽһӦûֻ
ҪܵΣֵʩ޼ĽɾھѾǴˣֲû˰衣
Ƭ֮Լ޽ˡҲ̸ȥȻ΢ҲǷֱԡ
޽˵ѾͻƣҪѺһսһΪѰһԵ
ҲǸ΢ʱϣ΢Ϊɸһ¥Ϊɳ
λһߣʣ΢һ
ʱĸ΢ͻȻ˪ŭ΢ôӣ֪ո˵λҲס
΢ͷһæͷȴӦûʲôˣ߹΢ĸŲȻôû΢ǲ΢ǽ΢ĺô
΢ʱȻҿֻܵͷѵ


ʮ 
³ҲͲˣǼסҪˣС㵱ΪҿֵóңΪ¹٣֮еҲ·ϡĸ˵꣬Ѿû֮ǰô΢֪ûˣæ΢֪ˣлĸ̻塣
ĸ˵ͷȡһƿƴСȴͨ͸ϡԿʣȻǷƷ΢ƿϱ죬Ҳ̺ǿ֮Ȼ֮ǰ΢Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ҲӦĳ֮
Ǵ궴ռ߲¶Ҳ֮䲻ң˼ֵһҳ컹ǿԵġ΢о仰˵ĺܶԣɳ棬ɣƫƫһЩңˣȻһ㣬û˸ҶԴԣò˵Ǳɳ꣬νʢҲ鷳˷͹Σ΢ʸߣǾһ¼Ҫʧĸƿ΢˵һ΢ѵĻ
ΣĸԼΪɹˡ
ڴ˿̣ǰ˵
ĸһ㶣΢ţȥӣ΢ͷҲ˹ȥûһͻ΢
Ҫң΢ҲЩ㶣Լֲʶλŵ˾֣ȻԼǾ˵Ǿĸͬġ
Լֻȥһˡ
΢ʣΪŵСΪ֮ǰǸɽ飬ĸҲˣֻʵʵ˵
΢Ҳ׶ˡ
˵Ӧ㲻ʲô£΢Ҳɣ΢ǰһٵĻ԰һ۾ͿǸɽԼһֲˣ˿һС
˿ȥͲȴһͷ׷ãһ񣬿˵òáüۣ֮˫㣬ɢһϢϢ
΢Ϊֻǿһۣ͸оͷۻٿ
ʣλ˱Ȼӣŵƽ֮˾Ϊɡ˿̣ĸһԣЦ⣬ĸЦ΢֪οǺ¡
ȻԼˣλӾͿ΢ִ˰ɣ
ԱˣλȻΪ˺ƣٲ˾ɵļӡ˼Ҹӣ΢ܲţȴǹֵǰ΢ɡ
΢Ѿͷ˵ˣһѹסɽɽ֪֮鷨ǿû뵽ȻһɽʥԺҲֻܵܺȼˣһΣɴʥˡĸȻ鼫á
Ҳ֮ǰɽɷԻͷҲ֣Щĸ˽Һϲɷ͸ңʱ˵
˾ֿ֣΢ܲӦ˵λӻĸĹͣ˵һ֣ʮ΢Ҳո
ϲǡ΢˵꣬Ǳĸ˵ͷ
ЦЦȻһ֮ǰҲ˵˵ˣλΪ֣ҲҪִ㽫һöңתˡ
˵ţӾȻһȡĸʹ͸һҡ
һ£˵΢ĸ΢΢ݣԲ͸ʲô˼
˵Ϊηʧܶ˲ԪһԪеģѹԪһ궼Ų˵ֱ꣬ӽҽ΢ûһ˿һԥ
ӣǡĸѯʡ
ĸˣȵ´ҳ죬ǵһǡΪѣͳ֮󣬱ȥ
΢ԴҲǼΪȣӵôģδؼã϶Ŀģĸ֪Ȼû΢
Ȼóңȥɣ߲¶Ҳһ͸ˡĸڰ֣΢֪ԼҲøˡ
ȵ΢˸԰ûдӸոյı仯лع
Ҫ֪Ǹңɹ֪֮䱦ĶӾȻ˵þá
ģ
Ϊ˰ˣ
ܣ΢ÿ϶ԭ룬΢Ҳֻ뵽һ֣Ҫ̤ɳٳΪˣŻóңĸǷһ顣
Ѿ˾磬ǳΪɹ٣̾ʸִ˵λá
Ȼȫ΢Ĳ²⣬ǲ΢ԼҲֻ֪ٵȵȣĳ̤ɳٳͿ֤΢²ǶԵġ
ϻԵļģʱ򼸺е˺ɹٶ뿪ˣ֮ǰһţֻʣԼһܡ


ʮ һҺ
˺ңԷΪܲĶ죬Ӹ԰֮󣬾ȻǿŲС
˵˲ٶҲ죬ٿ첻ΰټ΢ųʶ֮̽£׾ҵ׷ˡ
Ȼ΢ԤϣԱߣɽ
˶ˣǹ¼ɣκη·ȫȡɽ˵Ҳ˲˶٣ΨһǣϹſ֮һ
ǿǿ촴ʱ֮󣬾һˣҲسɡ˵ϹǶţƵĴڣô˵ҲӦԼͨ;ɣ

ɽƫƫôɣֱ޶һƢΪŹֵˡȻˣҲ˳Ϊ
˵ƢӸҵĸͼλ¾Ϳɼһߡ
ȻҪǿһ㣬ɽЩֶεģҲһЩ˵ϹӣԱȼһĸˡ
ȻҲԸ˲УʵƢŹֵ㡣
΢׷ǵʱλΪԾȻǰлΪ΢˵Ϊ˵ȻƢŹ֣Ҳɵ֪΢ôͷķա
ִˣΪһС¸˹٣ǾˣҲֵðִΪΣܶµġ˼΢Ǹж˵ó΢ġɽֱӶˣִˣɽɽķڷ˲࣬һˣ˵ʵôɹ٣Ȼûһ˸վ˵ʵҴʧҲ㡣֪Ҫģͳһ㣬Ҿͷ㡣
΢֪Ҳ˵ĵطȻԸϷɸ
·΢ûж˵ʲôȫɽ˵֪ʲôʱ˵ʲôʱ򲻸˵һ·ǰȵĽͻɸһ仰ûС
Լɸ΢ͷɶˣ˺ɽȻ£ȡ߲¶͸Ұϡ
һ²סˣɽĿɿڴûԹ⻹ûܰȻûԹңμôΰٹ磬ҲǼʶҵġȻѹû뵽΢Ȼóһҳ
ãٷĸ֮ؽ˸Ҵʳ١ˣɳĸĺãй֮רһöҸ㡣˵ʲô΢ˣ£϶Ҫ˵ĸĺã΢ûᣬԽԽã˵̫ӷǺ¡
ĿɿڴɽǴЦ˵Ҿ˵ĸ¿϶ôʧƣ㻹лĸ㲻ˡ
΢žֵ֮⣬ĸʹ߲¶Ҳһٵġ
ʱ˷Ӧ˹ҲǼޱȣؿͷлĸʹ֮Ȼ޾ܼȥ˭Ը⡣
˿ȴǽ߲¶Ƶ΢Ҫ٣һöӣ߲¶ִ˻ĸҪִҲС
΢һĸʹҲƴǣ
˲ɵһҲǣ˼ĸĺʹĶ˻ȥȻղǾ仰ǿǷס˵Ҫ΢Ҳģ΢ΰĴæǾǲлһ£ܹȥ
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ƣ޼֮ɴھͳ˰ɣҹζ࣬ⲻΪûĻ֮ͽҪǾ鷳ˣԣֱӳˣһ˰ˡɽʱıߣ΢Ҳһ˼Ҳûϣңһҧ¡
ʱ֭ˮĽ˱ǣɹ֮ȻǷͬ죬ŵζоһ
˼ڳңҺ˷ŵϣһ㣬΢ۿԷͷ֮ԭѾҪݽߵԪ⾹»Ȼȷ¡
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æµһ죬ʱ΢˿ٹ磬ȻҲգ΢Ļ࣬һĸĵλ֮⻹ִȻһƿ߲¶ԼҵҺˡ
΢һתͿϷŵҺˣ֮ǰ΢û⣬ڿȥ΢ȻҺϾȻҲǱ졣


ʮ ľͨ
鷿֮ڣ΢һöҵҺˡ
֪ɹ˵ɳƿɽɵĹؼȻ٣ٲĿԳϣ
ңΨһԴɱֻҪ˻͵óɳΪɳпܻĸʹ١
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Һǳ챦⣬΢Ҳ϶ὫҺ˶Ҫôһλ̽ɽҺ˵һ£ڼʲôġ
΢ȷϣҺ˱Ȼдô
ϸԿ滹һЩĹ⣬΢Ҳ벻Һ˳֮⻹ʲô
ʱ΢ͻȻоһֱŵľȻǲܿƵ궯һ̣ľӿһɫĹâ˳΢ָһöҺ˰ס
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һ֮أ΢˾˾ͽˣ԰ļʹˣɽ˾ˣⶼԼˡ
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⻹治ǿЦհٹϵѾǴˣ֮˶֪΢ǼᶨվĸǱߣĸȫ֧֣΢;ܲˡ
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΢ԵȴʵĿɽǶˣһҪ΢ۣ˻˵һϵǷһʼ˵ɹŭ˵
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ʱҲԻһˮǸĽҲȥ汻˿š


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΢һγ֮⣬Ǹ΢ʩ޼һĽ΢ǣԷȻѹû׷һΰٹϵ顣
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λǳִˣרŸ¼ʺͼܡǬæصȮһΪɨ΢һۣȻͷԭǳ٣Ҳȥɡ


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΢Ҳûм顣
Ǭʹ̹٣ڶҲǱһĻŵ˵Ͼ̫˼顣ҪЩٵģҪ¶ʵ飬永֮һʣ
ִˣ㿴֣ʱǬͻȻָһʬ˵
ͬʱڰ˷ڴŵȮɴ˿ƺǸԼȮͻȻ֮Уƺ顣
Աӵʯ۵Ȯ̾һ㶣ʵʲô£
£ȥȮɳʯȮɲתҪʱͻ
ȮɾȻͻȻӶеĳꪣӺֱӽʯȮɴ̴
ʯȮɱϾһȻ͵ϮҪȴ̷Ťͷüĵ۾ͷһ
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˲ʱʯȮɾͷһҽС
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ѾˣǱʯ۵ʯȮɴ˿̲ǵ֣ʱȮɽлѪʯȮɣһ̣سһɹâʯȮɾȻ֮ʯͷ
ͷ·һʯһ㡣
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֮ϣϥΧһþˮһˮǽϵ΢񽣾ˮʽĴڶɵġ
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ƺ«𿴲󣬵װȥһľƶû⣬ʩչˮʽϵȻ΢
һ΢ޱȣΪþˮԿˮΪǾƣҲȼãһˮʱɻ֮
ʱɱ
ʱǱ߾ͳˡ


ٰʮ Σ
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ÿһȭ׺쿪һʮʯһʱʯҷɣȻʩչɷʯͷ·޾һ㡣һ²ǳĸЩɱɽʱҲӦæЩұڣҪǵı»ûгĸе䲻Щʯı㡣
ҲˣɫҲǽޱȣȻڴϣϱȳĸҪϵܶ࣬ˮն˼ұڣЧ֮Ƿȥˡ
΢Ҳʶ˲ɹ٣Ҳ֪Щɹٺ΢ãʱȻҪȥȱġ
ϻһɶ뿪߳ĸ䲻ұڣҲûٷȡһرĳңһ淨˲ʱһĹƬ֮ͱһ;޴ģŹֵ档
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Щҧһʯͨóľء
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΢չȥ˿ûзʲôֻ֣ʱͻ
󼱷Ϯ΢̸оΣռʱ΢ҲͷӦ죬һơ
һ΢ȻĲִ٣Ҳ߰˷ֵԪ˭͵ϮԼ㲻
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һ±ļΪͻȻ΢ԼҲûз֡
ʬΪλţ
Ѩ̴΢ֱ۵ʱã˿΢ӦҲ죬ʬ˿ſצץ΢ţ΢磬һԾѾ˲䵽߰⡣
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΢ǼΪȣҪ֪жӵù۵ģͬʬ壬ۿһ˿֮Ȼһʬ塣
΢Ȼһ£ɽ磬ַʤ˵ֿӰ۵ı
֮΢һ˰㣬˫۶ãͭ϶ŶΪ΢˿Ѿʼо˿΢ǿΪ˿Ѫֹʵ
ٿǰ棬ȳԼ֣Ҳڱ͵Ϯ˾Ĵ̹٣˿Ѿʮ⣬֪΢ԪƣԷúá
Ǭ˿һѴѪĳΧǼѾǵڵϲոӦǺʹ̹һ𶯵֣Ǭɹɱ˼䣬̹ʧˣ
΢벻겻㾹ȻͭʬǴ̣˫÷ͭƣȻڽʬ˺ü꣬Ѿǽ͸ʬΪٸҲֵס˫۱ϣ·һˡǸٰʬ˿˵˵꣬αװ·һͬƤһĶ£¶˱Ŀ
΢һִ˾ȻǼǰηǱӵķɡ
֮ǰǵ£ڵ֧£ɰħ˾ȡ֮Ϊħ˾١
΢꾡ӸڷΪħ˾Ū˹ٺ֪Ȼᶫ·ǰˡ
⼸ɳҲ׷ˣѶ˭뵽ɾȻ֣Ͳ壬Լꡣ
Ǭʹ̹ɵͬıν󣬸塣
ֻܺ˾ɹٽһ𣿶ǴĻǽԼŪộĪֻΪ˶ԸԼ
΢ԲԾ
Ȼûô򵥣ЩɱԼɻãǬʹ̹ĪҲҪǰˣ
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˿΢ǿΪѹסͭʬǴ̣΢ҪƳ⣬ͭʬǴȻͬСɣȻεǶѪ⵱УƲ
ɣɳͨطȻҲΪܵóѣΪӳȥǬΪ˾ԱȻͨط֪֪ն̨ˡ΢̽


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Ǭûһľ£ֻΪĳɵ֣㲻˵ͭʬǴ̵ˣҲƬ֮䵽ףֱӱ΢Ϊλվţ˵
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΢ȷͬ죬ȻҲ֪εֵͭʬǴϵʬûΪǻߣǾǴشֻһĿθ˶ѣΣûӻųȥˣ㲻ֻԶˡɺ΢ǣ΢ڷ˰Ҳܱħ˾٣ôħ˾飬ҲͲ֪
΢׻ɳǰ;ܲޡ
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΢һֱûи⹥ɱЧǿĹצ΢Ѿͻ֮˾
צˡ
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΢ܴȽ̰ͭγ򲻺Ӧɣ˵Ա߻һǬ
ǬһݽɫƭԼҸոԼȴúĴ̹͵ϮԼ˵ǬСġ
һǬһɣ΢ˣȻõķӾг롣
΢ٿ񱼣ûߣΪ΢ָоϵĻǻٴԷ塣һο϶ֻɺǬˣдı׼
Ȼһ·΢żȫ򿪣ܶʬף΢ɻ󣬶ԷҪʲô

ҲӦýзɶųЩ˴ֶκҲܿơ΢˿ѡ£Ҫһطγ̡ͭ
ʱǰηӳķɣͷǰĿĵڽ
ȶǱһɳѹˣڣȫ뿪ҪȫȵȫƷһɳȶй֮һϺڳ۵ĵ˴˿߿ʮֳȫˣһЩɾܾȴǵľһѪɱ


ٰʮ γͭ
ЩҲʶʱģϴѹɶ
ⶤӾǴڵѹǵΪʱ뷴У͵Դѡ񳼷
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΢ײЩˣʵϸոȫֵʱ΢֪ôˡ
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Ǳ𣬶Ѿ֮ˡ
ӣȫȻûһ˻΢뵽ֲɼץץѶȫޣԭͶ뵽ȫ
ͬ˵ԼȻֻ˳Ŀθ˰ˣΪһȫĿ²Ϊбô򵥡
΢ûǴ˷ǰȫһλ
ĪǣǴջ˷
΢ΨһĽ͡
˿΢ҲΪǱ˫Ѩ̴ֱͭ͸Ӿܹһƫƫ΢ƺǿ˿µʮ˲㣬һȺˣ΢ͬ£ǱȫѾ߹λѣҲܵһЩһ̷ŰģֻҪͶȫɵĳ㱨
΢ӦҲ죬ǼȫɵĵǼʱǼ̵䣬໹֪ʲôʱꡣ
һ΢ĻǼȫɵ˶ǹһЦСһ׮Ҫλλѣ˲ᰡ
΢⼸ȫɵʮã˿̣ҲǼ꺮ů
΢˿̹װһߺޣǼ쵰Ҳ̣첲ˣҲȫɵĸλѣȻҽɰ
΢άȫɵĺôǼȫɵ˸ǻϲ΢˵ˣɿ϶ͶȫɵЩͼΣнһξȻ׼֣ܶһǺõġ
в֣ļǵڻҲֵˡ
Զ΢ʮ֡ϡˣǵȻҪúõĶԴñҲġ
λѣ㽫̰ͭγȫɵϺõҩһͿϣһͺáһȫɵʮæ΢ȻֵˣҲöԷæγ̡ͭ
ͭ˵Ҳ֣΢ԼҪɷ͹γǱ˰æǾҪ򵥶ˡ
̺ͭѪϣ·Ƕһȫɵܴ˫ץסһ̣ͭĽһ̰ͭ˳
γ֮澹Ȼʬӿһ㶣úݶֶΣһЩһԼɣȴִֶζԸˣ˲ݣλһѾ
ıݣټʵʵвЩһˣ˵ҪͶȫɵ
Ǽȫɵ˼״Ȼǵޱȣոո΢γһ̵ͭ˳΢γڶ
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ʱͻȻ˳֣һһĻ̺Ԫ֣Σ΢һɳɹ١
ȻɺǬˡ
΢ţһ⻰ٿǰԼδ̵ǸҲסʱ΢Цһ̧һԪ״ǰ˴ɳȥʮɣͬʱңѾԻһֱ͵ץסһ̣ͭһȻ͵İγ
µͭȫγ
Ȼ΢ϻᴩ˿ڣ֮壬һƸʲôΨһ鷳ľͭڵʬ
ڵʬʱȻ΢ֳֻܷܴһΪѹʬǱ׷Ҳ΢㣬˿ȻҪ㲡Ҫ
ɱ΢һɳƷ٣Բܷ뿪ɴͬʱе˦һֱ΢ȥ
Ǳ߼ȫ˷ӦҲ죬˿Ǹʽֶι΢ֺޱȡǸ΢һԪ״ɳȥǸ˴˿ֻʣ°΢ĺ㣬ǿһȺηųķɺǻϣɱɵһˣǶ
һ»ãЩǶǱɳˣ뵽ǰҲӿһɺ⣬ȫռƣǵģ󻹵粫һ
Щǽ΢ΧסȫΧ΢
һ΢ǸܵУһʵǿҲûӵסô˵Χ˵Щ˵лһĸ֡


ٰʮ 溣
΢ˡɴ˿ոձ΢ľצ˵澡ʧɾȻһɸˣҪǴȫЩ߲ǾͲûˡ
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һȫļƻֻȡ߰˷һѹû΢һ˽԰Ǭ΢ƭģΪľǱϳ˲ȫĸ߲϶Ὣҡ
֡
΢˿˵һƣ滹м˵ɽȻԷǴһٽԼɱ
΢ԪͨһͨǱþ޴ͬһͭԲܣסɵΧ
ʲôȻܵסƣɿԼƱǾ޴ͭǮ£һ㶡
һư꣬˶ɽɷͰһҹȥҲԲ΢зӵֵ
ƣ˵ɷҲȫǱ΢ͭǮ㵵ͬʱҲ̰
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ûɵ۵һɳûݵϻȫɵûɵһһȴǲ٣ȫŻû
Ϊ£ȫѾﻮǧ꣬ɳкܶ˶ȫӦȻڻ᳹ƷɳΪȫ̽һζذ˷Ҫ̽һɳĵơ
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پĶҲ֪ȻɣȫҲֻͨˣײѡΪˣŻ
ܶ΢һΪȻһôԺȫеĻȨ
Խ΢
λȫ֣ؽһɹɱɴһǷ΢˿ѾɱƵ䣬ȫԪͨɷ죬Ԫͨ׹⣬ɽͬһ棬һķˣԪͨȻ죬ȴǼ᲻ɴݡ
ֻ΢ҲܼôȥһԪͨסԼΪٸߣҲֻһɣܵסʮ˵Χ
ʱ΢ͻȻ뵽ĸĳң򶾳棬ȫųγɶ溣֣ܷΪʤԼԳû޽ɷֻҪɱɺ⼸Ϊߵɣôʣµ˾ͲΪˡ
뵽΢ȡңʱȻͻȻ׳Ȼһ

һҷɳͷͻȻЩҲע⵽ңûüӦͻȻǳұҲ˲䣬򶾳溣ͬˮһ㣬ͷ¡
΢һ򶾳溣飬ע⽫ʮɷΧ֮ȫ򶾳溣ж٣
ٿԽʮ˲ȫ
ЩΧ΢鵽ʲôֲ;Ķ棬СаƴСһɶ೤ӶУ򼡢׳桢Ыӡ֩롭ôͷ޾һ
˲䣬΢ƻˣ֮ľǸֲҽС
һ֮ǰ΢׵˱ֻҧҽһͳױ溣
һȫˣɽε磬˿Ķ棬Ҫ߶ɽնɱû뵽ûüͱһֻ޴һڽԴҧͷѪʬ̵ڵϣȻ󱻳溣û
ͬڷǱҲǱȺΧϸǱҧ˺üڣֱ϶Ѿ˺ɫ˶ľ綾
ôЩ棬ΪʲôôࡣɾֵغϾΪҪһЩΪﻹƣ˿̾Ȼϰٶ棬һʱ֮䣬ûӽԣΪҪܶǬֳһѳֻɷΧĶ档
ֱ̫࣬Ǻ޶صĵطǬд˿־壬ڣͱ溣̵ˡ
λѣ켯һͬЩ棬ȻҶ군һΪɵȫƷܸߵֵȺ˺ҧǾ˼ˣۼһ𣬻ֵȺΧɱ


ٰʮ ɱ
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Ȼոһ£һˣʣµĶǸ֣ǻ㼯һ𣬻Ͻ򶾳溣ĥ
΢Ȼῴǵóѣ˿΢ɺǬҪȫ˻ϣǷһʻ
ΪΣ
һΣ΢ɱڣһгԼ׶༪ˡ֤Ϊ֮ҲܶԿʮΧոǧһ˿̷ɹ΢֡
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Ҫɱ΢΢ҲҪɱɡ
΢ʩչ޽˰ٽ⽣ͼͬһɨɼװæ˦һķβƥһ鲼Ĳ˿֯ɣӳɷ֮󣬿ɵֵɽˮ֡
޽ѰɽҪһӳɷıֻǵסһĽ⽣ͱƣƬ֮䣬ȫǿۣһɱҲǻˡ
ʣµĽ⽣ֱɣߴʧɫæе赲ŵ¡
һ֣еֱ飬Ȼֵ΢͹ȴǷ֮ɫ
΢ͣ⽣죬ƣѾһ
Ϊ΢ɷŭޱȣ˿Ҳû·ֻӲͷƤϣƫƫţɻ᲻΢ɡ
ʽɵ½⽣Ǵƣ˲ʱϷɳһ޴޺Ӱֳֳ΢
΢ѹ޺ӰֻǴ߶Ԫͨȥֵ΢ֻһ£Ǿնɱɡ
޽ʥ⽣նɾ
΢̧ۣ״ݺݴ϶ն˲ʱһնһȻû뵽͵նɱ֮ʽֻüԱŲһ߾룬͸оֱһһն䡣

ɷҽУû뵽΢Ȼͣû뵽΢һնȻƲɵɵһֱն䡣
֮壬ɴ˿ҲЩͷĿѣ΢޽ǿὣ˿Ѿʼ˿ڳײȥƻ
Ҳһˣ΢ΧĶ涼ҲҪϵĶϱۣ˸ϵĶϱǷ΢
Ѫ󷨣ɵͨ۾ҧʩĶϱۺȻըѪ罣絶ΧһƬֱӱը飬΢ǱڶԷʩչѪ֮ǰԪͨͬʱ΢ʩչٶԪָָɵ
һѪѾǲʣɡ
ոսֻ֣ǼУʤѷ֡ƣԪ֮ͬ©򣬿ɢʱ򣬼ֻһڽɺҧ飬˵ʳ
һλɣʹ˱
΢һĻҲʯͷ˵أдģһݺ΢ɣɡ
³Թһ˽⡣
ȻΪ˻ɱɣ΢ҲûиۣԪֵͨԷ͹Ѿ˺ۣ΢Լڵʬûɾ򶾳溣Ҫ֪ǾǷˣ΢ԼҲûջЩ棬ֱӷһ
ЧҲԶ׼ġ
򶾳溣Ȼת˾棬΢ΪʤɱС˿̳Ǳ߻ڿ֧ŵ߰ȫˣʣ´˿ԼͷĵǬˡ
ǬɵΪԭҲЩΪģɶ΢ɱҲ֪֮ģҸո򶾳溣Ŀֲ棬˲ͽʮûǬŵĸεѣֻ֪ͷġ
΢ûɱǬץȥһȫҪʲô
ʱһֻһɶ೤״͸һĹ⣬΢ͷ
Ͽɰã˿̾Ȼǿԣ˳ĸ΢֪Щ涼ǳĸģֱӺͳĸϵʱ䵱ĸķҲȻ


ٰʮ ضɽҡ

û£ֱܿĶô΢ЩΧȫ˵ĶļҲǲЩۣЩƳĶ棬ôģ̫ϧˡ
УֻұڳſԣϷģҿϵˣٵƬ̡˵꣬һԣǱȫ˾Ȼǽס棬΢֪ôţóĸƵһֻȥҧһǬѶԷΪϵȻס΢ԼȥɱǼȫˡ
˵ҽеǬ΢ЭͬΧǼȫˣһͽնɱ˰ʣµȻѾ⣬󱻶һӵϣȫҧɡ
΢һɨҲڵѪ򶾳棬˿ʣǧȻܻĶǾ׳֮棬һս̳ѪĶٽĸȥȻԸһ¥Ҳջ
˿΢ʰһЩսƷЩ˵Ǭʲôȫߣ΢߹ȥѾץסǬˣһλҧһڡ
Ǭ˿ﻹһ˿ɹٵӣ̱˳涾ΪΪߣ֮ǱҺʴֻһѡ
ԽǬԽ˿̿΢æͷ
΢ʵȻǹȫεļƻ
ȫˣ΢ʡ
ǣǣֻȫƻ󣬾ǱߵˣҲǱƵİǬæ˵ȻпܣǬҲ̫ûй
΢ܵƻ󣬶ΪȫҵǬȻҲӣ˵ȫܷ
ȻǬȫһСආѣ֪Ĳֻ֪࣬ȫҪ뷨ӰһЩǰ˷У˾Ǹ̹ٺһҲǱĶ
ͬ΢ԤϵκԼûκιϵҪԼԲǬ󰸼ΪɣԼƭ
ҪѩޣҪɱ΢ֻϣȴԼ
ȫҪʲôǬ֪٣Կ϶ȷΪ˷ġ
ϹʱȫһǿʹõȻǿޱȣ΢ʱͻȻ뵽˷бɳɵѹɷѹȫҪ߰˷ȻҪɵ۵ѹɷ
뵽΢ǬԷ˾ɹ٣Ӧ֪˷пɷĵطǬƭ΢ʱش𣬲治֪ɷڣ֪ڰ˷ʮ棬һأƽǲκ˿ġ
΢ţɷȻ
΢ȥҲȫƵɷ˷һȡߣԼҲӲ
΢ϣ¡΢Ѿ֪ĸɱɽѾҪ˶ãͻɳǰȫδܵóѣȻˣβֹȫƻɷȻҲǴһĸǱҲйġ
ȫΪɵĵУ΢Ҳȫ޺øУ΢֪භɻľǽ̤ԼȻһɳɹ٣޵ҲһɵӦΪһ
ЩѾ̱Ǭʮ˲㣬΢׼£ֻǾʱͻȻоضɽҡ
ߴǺ¡죬΢ͷĿѣЩԵڵءڵϵǬֱӱˡ
𶯺̫ң΢һӦˡ
϶ȫƻɷǴ㽫˷ȡߣһģȻΪ
΢֪Լ֮ǰ̫򵥣ΪȥͿֹȫⲻ֪ȫﻮֹǧ꣬˱ȻһǿһƾԼֹ
˿̰˷ʼ𶯣˵ѹɷѾƻ˿ʼ߶ʼӵصȥ
ֱ㵽Ķˣ΢ʵʱϣϾ͵ڣӲޱȣƿǽ
޷뷨ӣ΢һ࣬ǰһƬұڣ΢ȭȥͽߵұں飬¶˰˷ı塣
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΢ϸһ֪öɵĺϽ˵Ǽ᲻ɴݣϾ˷ģܲ
֮ɣ֮ˣ֮֮ǽɣ֮ϣ
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֮ھǼ᲻ɴݣ΢ʩչ޽Խ⽣նϣ־Ȼһĺۼ£˵ƿһȱ뿪ˡ
ֲãð˷һҲӳȥ
΢ԹɷһЩҲˣ΢Ū˼չɽ
ɼˣҲ޷ƻ˷ڡ


ٰʮ ӳ
˿΢üͷɴ֣ĸѾͨ΢棬ͬ뷨ƻڡ
΢֪ĸҲûӣϾôܱƿƿˣҲˡ
˷ԽԽҪ˶ãͻᱻȡߣʱԼӲ
ΨһĻᡣ
ѰֶƲ˷ڣ΢һС
ǾʦʦĪ⣬컯һʣУȻҲбޡ
΢ȡʦʣʼΪ߶һ֧ʡ
ƽ΢һ֧棬˿¹΢ȻҪȫΪʦԴӵõ̿Ĵ֮Ѿ컯֮⣬˿΢ûʩչôֶΣֻʣǰϻһһ˸ߵԲš
һʻ꣬΢Ѿͷ亹ֱ۲ȴһʶ΢еĹ𿴾ôһʣаĶȴǼࡣ
˿΢̧첲ûУʬҲѹƲסʼӡ
һʣȴЧˡ
ĸٿؾݺһײͽ΢ŵһײԲε£¡һشǧ
ߣ΢ǿ˵һ䣬ͷһᣬĸæǰ΢ȻͷһŹֵ졣
һʣǧӿ󱻳ĸһȫߣһ̣ĸ΢ѾʹȥǬӶ뿪ߵʱ򣬳ĸһץһµһ˳ȥ
ǧڳĸҲûʲôǸոճ˰˷û߶ԶǸоضɽҡת¡¡֮󣬾ͼ˷Ѿʧ٣һ޴ޱȵӣֱԳʮס
ڴ˿̣ͷ⣬£һŭԭȫѣȫһһĵ̵ɱѵôһ֮£
˵꣬񷶥֮ϣ촫·춼ѿһȻнһڶ㲻ǽһҲȻһ
꣬ϲľȻţҿҲаǧ˰ɣôȻɽհ㣬ΣһȻȡ߰˷Ľɡ
ѣˣǳһô㣬͵͵ʵЩݣҪҹǲԡһʼ˵Ųм֮⣬Ǽ죬񷶥֮ϷӿǸ˶һҲֻԿţ岻֣£˵֣Ҫȫòѡ
ʱһһЩȻ׽ԶһƽԭĵһɵӣǸı䡣
Ǵɳ֣֮䣬׻ٵһƬ˽綷׿һ
꣬ԼȰһ䣬齵ȫȻꡣȫ˿ŭ˵
Ƿѣˣһɳһɽ磬һȫĸҲɳ𣬻ɵҲ٣ʱͨ챾Ҳߣһɣվɡ
Ц꣬ɳɵѾս磬㻹ҴԲѡ

һԲϣ֣һ˫ûм˵ֻܿ񷶥֮ϹӰ޴ײһƬǽ塣
΢˿ڵ³涴Уûܵ
˿ʬģгĸֱԣԷǳĸԶȻԼһֶΡ
ͼĸ΢ǰʩչſһȻǻһ߲ʺ΢ڵʬһһ㣬⡣Ϊˣ΢Ƭ̲Żָ
һ΢ҲûųȥæΪúԶֻʱܡ
Ѿ΢ܲ͵ˡ
񷶥֮ϵĶƬ̣ͻȻĸǸĽɵһĸҲˣһҲˣɽģǺڡ
ûƺһжָƽһǲ˿ɡ
ԣĸȻˣôϳ꣬϶ǿѹԷһԷƲѾˡ
΢ȴ֪û꣬ȻѾ飬ҿ϶ǳ˴顣˷ȫȡߣֱսɳȨ飬ԲܾôϢ
΢жϣɳ¿϶д
΢ָһΪѺǬȥڵˣڹϣ΢εҲֻЩˡ
˻ĵѾǴɽ磬ɳһǾպãΪȫ飬ִ˽ͥᣬȻҪڳ˵¡


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΢Ϊ٣ȻҪμӳᡣ
Ϊִ̬Ƕɷɳݣɽ磬ݵÿһɹٶ
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ͥᵱУ΢ʱѾкܶɹУ΢ΪüϵѪ»ûл˵ȥʮǱѪȻѾϣó֮ǰйᴩ˵ģҲòɹٲĿ
ɶʱ򿴵΢ӣɫ䣬æǰʵִ磬ˣ
Сˣûʲô£΢˵һ䣬ɶ˵ͷҲ֪ڲ˵ʱʱ˻ȥ΢ҲǺɹٵ˵ͷȻٵ鰸ǰȴῪʼ
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ʱʮִȫ٣ˣҲĸɡϵǲһˣɹٶվıֱɫࡣ
ĸһһɨȵֵʩ޼ڣ
Ⱥ㿴ҿ㣬֪˵ʲôҲ˵ʲô˿ֻ̣λһǳ꣬һӡ
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ֵƺûиһλִ˸æ
ĸɫѿʱ򣬾һ˼ոһֱڱչˣλ¡ֵʩ޼˿ҲˣȻʮɡ
΢˼һƣҲǿ˿˿ߣ뵽֮ǰȫĽȡ˷һֹǳ꣬Ȼĸˣɰ·̣Ӧʩ޼ڶŶԡ
ԷֹڳϳٵǺͼ׽͸
ĸȻҲûϹ׷˿̼˲ˣѾɱ⣬ֹȫͻϮλ췢飬Ҳ֪ˣô£ΪʲôȫԽɽ磬ȴһ֪Ϊʲôǿƿɵɷ߰˷˾Ǹҳ˵
һ䣬ĸŭŨŨɱͥζѣɶŭ֪жôֲ
ɳ˾һְǼһп֮ˣռ鱨δȻȻһμ˾ʧְˡ
˿̼˾˾ͽʤ˿Ѿͷ󺹣ϣȷһ㶼ûвΪƷɹ٣˿̾Ȼ˵һ仰
ɹһ֪˾ͽʤҪùˣûӣε̫ˣȫȻǽ˷ȡߡ
ֱǳĴɳȫʲôҲ֪ɳĵˣɳŷһɵΪɵͳй
˳ڹˣ˾£вжΡ
˾ͽʤ㵹˵˾پôģĸһ䣬һΣֶĵķ顣
˾ͽʤǻֹ̿£ĸϢŭ¹ϣȷʧ죬֪˷ƻɷȻ׼ֻ˵ɳǵӦ
˵仰ĸɫŻһЩΧɹٶɫһ䣬֪ͷϷں档
΢˾ͽʤҲҪæϾ˾ͽʤҲԼڣ΢֪˵Ϊʱڰ˷У£Ӧþ˵ȽϺãȻ˻˵ԼʱͰٿĪˡ
뵽΢ǰһ΢
ɹһҲǺ治ѣմȾϻˣܱô΢ǹײ
ĸҲЩ⣬ɨ΢һۣ˵
΢ǽǬԼȥ󰸣ȥ˰˷֮һһȻҲһЩĶǲ¶΢Լӳģ΢˵պ÷ְ˷һȱڣӳġ
һ΢ԣɶǴһղſ΢һӣôˡ
ĸҲ۾һ΢˵Ŀġ
ǧȷͨеǬ棬ħ˾ξٺɽأλ˿ʱ󡣡΢ĵ
ãǬĸ
˿̣˾ɫΪѿ΢Բ飬˾ҲǳԲ˶ˣһǬһ̹٣ȻǱȫ򣬶ٵľȻ֪ʧְ
˾˾ͽʤҪùֻһ˾ͽʤ϶ûӱڹǼԼǵǹˡ
˾ǽһķң΢ҲǾЩᣬҲ֪»ֲ΢΢Ҳܺߣ΢ЩֶΣѾɺǬɱˣʱ鷳


پʮ ˫˫ǹ
յǬѾǱξٺɽѺϴ§ӵǬ˿̻֮ͥˡͽɵǿѹ͸ҪʣѾǽ֪ȫ¶˳
һɫѿֻһǬ˭֪жٸûб¶Ǭڣ
ͥᵱеɹ٣˭ܱ֤ûбȫģ
˾ٵҴȣ˵֮ͨγʹĸɨһǱߵ˾٣ʵ
˿˾ٵҴȳ߳ĸȻ֮ͨɣɱ⡣
ã֮ͥϣ֮棬̣ĸ˵꣬Ҵ˫ֱȭŤͷʩչɷͼһ޴Ķͷ̨Ȼƾճ֣ǬУŵķ񺰽УǶͷȻ£ֱӽǬնɱ
ֶο˵δţɼ˾ٵɱǬٴι¹ٵҴΪ˾٣ȴʧְûм쵽Ǭ˵ıңɳ̷Ϊ٣ı棬Ӧչ٣١
˵꣬ҴȽͷñժ£سʮˡĸȻ췣
Щ̣˸ؾǹأƣĸΪҪնɱǬΪɳϣͬҴΪ˾٣ȻԼԼĹ٣ȥ̣ҲΪ˴롣
һҲ塣
Ǳ߼˾˾ͽʤһҲ̾˿¹˾ͽʤ첻ɳߣմ˹λһ١
˵꣬Ҳժ¹ñ֮
ǵҴȻ˾ͽʤ˾ٶ˾壬ǽԼγеֵ̫󣬰˷ȫߣ´֮󣬶ɳĴԶһ˷Ҫöࡣ
ȫĿġ
˿֮ͥǾֻƬ̹ɱһǬλǴǹ췣ʼգȴĸһִ֣⼸λҲǺĸվһģֵЩŹ֣֮󲢲ԣֻԹۡ
ʮִʱҲҶԣҲΪ˶Ūĸɺλ˼ʲô
δãƺ󣬽η֪ȻҲû˸˵һ˵ĲʾûȤ
ʱȫ˷ͼλǳɹ٣Ӧü˼棬һԲ˵˵ɡ
һӣ
һ²˵Ҳˡ
һЩƹһ˾ٸˣִ˾͸˵ˣʱһλִ˿ڵ֮Ӧ˫£⣬ȫѹȫڣ˾ãҳȫɹ٣һδѣڲ֮ء
΢һλ˵ִˣȴϳλǺˣ֮ǰٲμӳᣬ˿Ҳˡ
ҿӣ˾Ȼվʮ˵룬Ҳ˵ʮ˵Уλ˶Ǻ
˵ûµȷǵֻ֮˾ͼ˾ٿȱȴһ鷳˾ɳڲɹ﷣˾ҪҪռ鱨ҿȽ˾ѡ²ϲߡʱ˳ź˵Ļ˵
˵꣬ڶɹٶɫȻ˾Ǽ˾ǶȨ˾ִһǿ϶˭Ը⡣
һʱ֮䣬ЩɹѾǶ˼Ҳüͷһаִ˾Ǿһֵʩ޼ҲڣΪβһ
ʱ֮ͥϵĸһˮ
λã˷˷ǳʱڣȫͼı죬ɳ⻼˾Ǽ˾֮أֻ˵һ㣬˾٣޶ʱ֮ɳڲͶ֮ˣΪޣڼֳûмôԼժ˹ñȥ̡
һ仰˵֮󣬵ͬһˮ£ԭЩԾԾԵ˴˿̶ˣλǵʲã˵ڲȫļϸǾ˵ˡ
һ鲻ֻڹֳ飬Ҫ͵ҴȺ˾ͽʤһ˹λᱻ޷
Ǿ͵òʧˡ
Ǻ£λ˶þҪ˭ͣһ룬Ҳˣ˾ͼ˾ٵλ涼ǿŻλȻȥʱܵ
һǵɳ;ʹΪֹˣΣ˭Ըð˵ڵҪµѶȼԲͿٲĵزҲ˵˾ͼ˾ھӣŲ˭ȥ˭
һɹȻҲܿǿеƣɰĳ棬ѹûԼ
ᵱУʸ˾ͼ˾ٵѡ࣬ģҪôǹλѾҪôǲıȽԶ


پʮһ ˭
ƽǿճһٵλãڶɹپԻͷѪһǽȻ෴Ϊĸһ仰Ȼ˸˾ͼ˾ٵλá
ɲǿЦλ˭֣˾״֮ǲ鲻ʲôмֵĶ;սᡣȫֵôףȻֱӶ߰˷˭֪ǻʲô۶ӣһһΣò˰͵ö١
˭Ҳɵǻӣ˭ɵȥ
Զ۹۱ǣǹۿڣڹġ
ĸɫÿһγ˵ռȫ˾ͼ˾֮ǰٱҪΪ˾̫ҪݲһʧҴȺ˾ͽʤȻ̫ͶȫδȻûģ˵飬Ҫ˱
ڣҪ˾ҲһҪ£ɳϵܶ࣬ƽʱҲˣڹϲܳκβ仰ϾλõĿܡ
˶ܿĸλаˡ
һԼҲƼĸˣȻûԼұίˣ˾һְҴħ˾٣ڼΣڣԸΪɳǣ
Ǳһһ㶣ҲûйھȣǱ£ǰһ
ãĸͷڣƷɹ٣һƷΪƷɹ٣Ϊħ˾٣˾٣֮ȫɳڲɣٸһƷְ
ĸѡڲ޵ķʸǰչ麣רŰݷùĸ麣Ϊħ飬ģ˳ɳٳϾִ֮һֵҲвٵġ
ȥݷĸȻнЩĸ˼ĸҲǽȺ⣬麣ʼǿɵˣҲٶʱ䣬˵пܼһ
˵ٹһʱգ麣˾Ϳ޳
һɾɽ磬κ統УǶǶŶܻεĴڡ
ֵýá
麣Ҫ̤սѰͻ֮ǰԼһϵɹٽĸĸȻûвյĵ
ڣǹ麣һϵеĶڣڵΪߣȻǿԷ˵ġ
һĸصڣͿܲܵ
һƴǣĸԺȻǻڣѡڽˡ
˾ѡʣµģǼ˾ˡ
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Դ˿ĸ鷶ڼ˾һְ鷶ɣû⣿
ĸ鷶Լһģʱ϶ίΣֻһ̣鷶ȴЩԥȻǰ¹񷱶࣬ԵΡ
ĸ۾
ȻóԷո͵͵һֵʩ޼ȻΪޣӵùýɵ۾
ĸεȴϻۣεȵľֻһ¾ôˡ
µȻ񷱶࣬°ɡ
鷶Ҳ˵˻ȥʱĸʧͬ£Ҳ˼ı˭ΣҪ֪⳯ἫΪҪԿ϶ȫѾ͸ͥᵱУɳ⻼ɵʧǧ꣬ѾɣʣµļλҲսУδػԼһģһɳ߲㣬ִһǵһȫᣬôľʹˡ
⳯ᣬĸҪ˿˵ҴȺ˾ͽʤҲֶΣ˾ͼ˾ҲҪԼƿأɳ֮ܿʼ١ڰޣҲΪ˶ס˵죬ȡ
鷶˾һѡڴǲˣĸҳһѡִƼ˾Ҫ˾
ô˭ã
λ̫ߣҲ̫ͣҪ˱вŸɣԽ˾ĸ˼ǰ뵽ˣҲų˲ˣͻȻĿ䵽Ǳ΢ϡ
һ£ĸðһΪðյͷ
ɵȴУ˷򷣣йͣ΢ɸִƼ˾Ϊɳǣ
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ǾΪ΢ΪִƼ˾΢ŵϳûãոսƷҪִƼ˾Ǵ٣ҲƷλ
ƷλУûΪȫɡ
⻰Ǳ˵ģ̾ͻ⵽ҵķԣһΣʱͬѰһĸ׿˵ĸ˵ˣ򷣣й͡


پʮ С
˷΢׽Ǭܶ鶼鲻΢ɱ˷ɹɣ˹
ȻйƸҲˮˡ
Ȼܶ˻ǲޣΪ鷶ҽɽҩ΢һ֪֮Ӧƴܡ
ȴû뵽΢˿治ɫһݣǰһ΢
ȻӦˣ
ҧгݣȭͷ߬֨֨죬߼Ҳһ㵣ţ΢йڵģ˿ȫǼʺջ
ĸ΢һۣȻã΢йͣƸλƷƷɹ٣٣μ˾ְ֮һޣҲһЩ峯١⣬ҪǵƸ¼ȡɼ˵ˣҵһͲ㡣
΢޾ɫǵͷ
˵ʵ΢оϲҲɵӶܿӲ֮ǰ΢Ҳֻǿһ㣬û뵽ĸȻԼĽ
΢˲ӭѾ˵ˣȻһӣͬҲһᣬһԸһĻᡣ
ǲץסᣬԼҪλʮꡣ
ʮ꣬ǶǿģƷɹҪƷһɳ²֪жɹٶ棬еһǼʮϰ꣬á
μȻᣬһĸ˵ԼĽǲӭѶϣĸӡ
΢ɵ£һҪӦôѣôѰ죬ҲҪ˵
飬΢Ҳδزܰɣ˾Ȩ΢Ѿʼε١
˾ͼ˾˿̶˴٣ܲתͿ֮ĳɹˡ
ȻҲɹҪԣǷ΢ߣû˵
֪ʮִˣλɽûзԣǷԣǻˣ
˵͸ŸֹŹ֣̬֮ǰǾ͵£ǻ
ϳ˾֮⣬´ɾԴ֮⣬Ƿٻɳְɻ
֮ǳ࣬Źֵǣֻ̣ĸʮִû˵ĸˣȻҪ˵Ϊĸ˵ʲôǾʲôĸˣҲ˵ǾЩŹˡ
˭֪ʲô⡣
ϲĸȥģ΢Ҫܣ˵ЩѾ̫ˣ쳯ϵô࣬ȫд鵱УУ飬ɾ飬ȫ΢д
΢ƽʱൢʱ
ȵһжŪ֮΢˿ߵ֮ŷ֣˽ϺͳĸֱһɹڵԼ
ɹٿ΢æǰ
²μִˣ
һʣ΢֪Ǽ˾ɹ٣ٽװƷκǫ˿κǫʮִֹˣ¹Ľˣμ˾٣˾ȻԸӻԻ͡
乧άĻȻ΢ȴǾôԲԣȻ˳ԼôΪͷȴǶԼ֮
΢ûҪκǫҪʲô
ˣ¹ΣҪȥ˾¹ٿԴ·
ãʱ仹磬Ҿȥ΢ûоܾνսִƼ˾΢˵ҲǼΪҪ飬ȣҪ˾һ㣬͵ȥС
΢ԺִƼ˾ôÿճ֮󣬾Ҫȥ˾ţǰĻصɸ
κǫ·΢˾ڡ
·ϣϺ֪Ȥһ仰˵ĸֱҲһκǫȴǻܶ࣬ǹ֮ԣ˵˵Żһת͵ִˣ˾ͽʤѾչ٣ڼ˾ʵٵʱ򣬼˾ҺִִƼ˾
˾ͽʤڼ˾
΢һͷӦ˾ͽʤ˼Է϶ҪԼġ
κǫʵᣬû뵽˾Ȼ״ģй˼΢ҲûкǳԷЦţ׶ԷĻ
һȥ΢Ūףκǫһѧİֻ࣬ᱳ״СˡҪǺ˾ͽʤйڣҪôǱżԷһǰͽԼ¹٣Ϊ˸״
Է֪Լ˾ͽʤĹϵ˵Ī֮Щʶĺѣ˾ͽʤڹϵܺãȻ΢Ҳ湲ͬ塣
˷˾ͽʤΪ˷鶪˹٣΢ҲЩܣ˿κǫô˵΢Ȼǲϲ
ȵ˼˾κǫѾԽ˵Խ𾢣ֱǽ˾ͽʤ˵һʮ֮ˡ
ˣǼ˾κǫǹ³֮µȥˣݼǼ˾΢ִˡ


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ʱκǫֺٻ˼˾еɹȻϲˣˣҲóӭӡ
£ʮֲм
ܿӼ˾оͳʮɹ٣̲Ĺ񣬿жôȴҲʲôë
΢ȻܿóЩ˵뷨󲿷ֶǲϾЩ˶˾ͽʤһġҲã΢ԺܺõĹ۲˵ķӦ˾ͽʤڼ˾ô꣬˵Ѿһźҳ϶ȣЩԼмһЩɹٷûʲô⣬һЩͶȡɣ湧˵һЩ
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˵ҲϡϡûʲôԣвﶼԼ¹ԣֻҪʱȥԼʲôɼȻͻᱻչ١
Ȼв˶㣬ǾǲϣǶŸɡ
΢Ҳ׼ɼȻĸԼĽνԼѵ·΢ҲҪ߹ȥ߲ȥǾǴȥǾɱȥ
ֻһǰƸۣʤ㡣
Աκǫֿ˾Щ˰ǲӣǺٻҪߺȽ
΢һ˦һסκǫ죬Сһ·ߴߴ΢Ķ䶼ˣҪͨСȴ˽һ¼˾Ѵһȥˡ
ڵ˼˾ȻòСˣܼ£ֱӽֵ徲
ҲκǫǾֵı飬΢ûǰЩɹ٣ǾֱǰȥΪ΢֪˾ͽʤ档
㲻ܽȥһɹټ΢ҪﴳȻʶֻȻˣ΢Ǽ˾٣ȻǴ٣ڼ䣬΢١
΢ҲɷʩչɹǱעˮһ㣬Ƕá
һɹٶǴһ֪΢Ҳ΢Ĵ֪΢˲ãĲɳڣ׫дɽȴ֮⣬΢֤Ժ֤ĵɣҲǧһ˵š
΢֮·˾̾һ·ͨͨ٣ɹ֮λȻ󣬶̶̼ʱʹӾƷһ·ǨڵƷ
ٿְ٣μ˾٣˵ǴȨաʹһ·ĺۼ֪΢ͬСɡϾΪ飬ܶɹپã΢ôҲֻһ֤ʮ½ˣΪɣڳ֮ˣһɣкüӽɾɣҶ֤ʮϰɡ
΢Ҳܱǿ
Ǵ˿̣΢֮ͽǸײɹٽöԷãɷΪĿࡣ
һǰסˣȻҲӦڼ˾΢٣ٽ˾ǲ
յ΢Ҳûˣֱӽӣ汳ֿǽһֵ˾ͽʤ
˾ͽˣ΢һ̾˿Ťͷ΢
ˣ˾ͽʤһ䡣
ˣ΢һ䡣
Ϊˣ˾ͽʤһ䣬ȴǵ뷨Ҳľ硣Ȼ˾ͽʤѹûо΢Ĺλ֪ļ˾ٶѹӳ˸ҽ˾ͼ˾ٵϾͿԿ
ȻĸҵĽұ㾡Ϊ΢ҲûйĿ׻˾ͽʤʶٵʱ򣬾ͺ˾ͽʤĹϵɹ٣Ϻܶʱ˾ͽʤҲվһߵġ
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һ䣬˾ͽʤ˵С΢˼
΢˾ͽ˵ĶԣңҲô롣
˾ͽʤ̾һ棬Ǹκǫ⣬˶ǸҺܾõϲ£ǡκǫһСˣЩ̨˼˾ӣɴ˲ȫļϸСˣ顣ԣ϶⣬ҲԸţҴǹҲ˼ҲǣҲЩĲ̣̯ӣˡ
ó˾ͽʤǷθ֮ԣ΢Ҳ˾ͽ˷ģ΢ȽƸۣ̣΢Ըˡ
˵ΪˣǵˣǻΣգ΢мǣСġ˾ͽʤ
˾ͽ˷ģ΢Ȼ֪µա


پʮ ˵һ
˾ͽʤͷ׼Ҫߣ룬ֻͷӻȡһ򶪸΢
΢Ʒɹ٣ҪִƼ˾ΪȥǲеģҵϵʱĸȥϵɣɣеķҲСܶ࣬ȻλȣҪ֪ɽһлʵΪϡ˵֮˾ͽʤȥ棬Ļ
˶ˣ΢ִǼ˾٣þĸԼ
˵꣬ƿնȥ
΢˿еж˾ͽʤҲǶ˼־֮⣬ԷȻ˾ڲ⡣
Ҳֻͣ˵ͨ
˾ͽʤ̶Լϲ¶֣΢ȴûʲô˼ɡȻҪɳڲǵһ¾Ҫټ˾
˾һѵɱˣǼ˾⣬ǽ֪
΢д㣬˿ǰȥм˾ɹһʱڵҪ˭ֱӰչ١
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ЩɹԸԸ⣬΢ɳļ˾٣ڼ˾һĶֵϣ΢˵һٲԸҲ
ܿ죬ɹϡϡĽ룬ʱǿ΢ǰһ㣬˿Ѿ˿һ롣
һ㣬󲿷˶΢εֻӰˣĸϽ˵Ĺñժ
вΪȻ˻ϡϡĽевٷ糾ʹϻɹ٣Ȼû롣
˿̾ڼ˾ĳɹپһм
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˵֮ѾǾš
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һ΢ŭ˾Ҫһʱţ⼸ɹԳⲻ΢ôݵڡЩб£вѧŸɣ΢ҲԲ
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΢㡭㡭˲񣬺ãҪȥ˾һ״ܲãһɹҲƷǼ˾ĸˣ˿ŭɶĺӶڲ
΢Ǵһӵߣͣ


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һͷǣ΢ô֪ģ
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΢µһҲ˵ֻҪ֮ȼ˾ٵλãôͿ٣ȻǾˮ£һΪԼҲҪ߾ȫ΢


پʮ ˾

΢һҹûϢڼ˾м˾ҪĲᶼһ顣ֻ˾ٷĵĻĲᣬ¼ż˾鲼ĶĿ̽ӡ
˵˾磬һ鱨š
ǺͶȻ΢ҲûʱöԼĶĿϣ΢ýȥţ
˾ͼ˾ֻһɽȻ󲨣ţ֪ܲ΢Ȼ̾͵
ţб䣬˾Ǳ㲻Ҫˣ˾ң΢ţͷһ仰ô˵
Ǳ˿϶ҪôǻԥƬ̣ţʹ֪ʲôǴǺԥûһ˿ǵĵá
˾ոϤ˵վȽŸҪߣ˭ЩģţҲر΢ֱӵ˾
ֱӸ΢Լ;ҲмԱ˾Ҫá
Ѿдãֱӽ˾ĺˣҪճ֮ͰѼ˾͸һЩŵùæǣǽɳٳһλᣬûˡ΢˵ʱͷ̧ͬʱڿֱߵĲᣬҪ̫࣬ûʱ䵥˵
ţҲϻֱȥ£ɴ䣬Ϊˣ΢ŻὫţ
ǰ΢ûȨģڣôǼ˾٣ҲλȨأͺƽ˭֪ڲ鰸ӣַӶԷҪġ
΢ȴʱ䣬еӦֵĲ£ţһ΢һὫҲŵ˾Ҹְʲô΢Ѿˣ˾ҲŮΪĿϾڴ̽ϢϣŮŵơ
ЩŮɶĿеʱ֪ԼΪ˭ЩΧˣҲҪϽ΢ú¾һѡ
Ҫǣֽ׶΢ҲҲε˰Щ¡
һҹæµ˵ڶ΢ȥᣬųٵλӣȻҲ¡
ĳᣬȻ˿ʼԼʮ˾Ա˵£΢жԲߣֱ˵ʮɹ֪ʷΥ˾أŽǸְҸˣģȥ˾Ĵڡ
˾ҪϽɹ٣µȻ˾˵Ȩԡ
ȻҲڳֱһ䣺˾ִûгԽְȨȫǰչذ£λ飬ȥִߺˡ
һ仰ô죬ǰôôء
Щµɹһ֪Ϲ΢ˣ˵˾ĹأǾǸԵ˵㣬˵׷ˣǾǷ˴Ҳûϵ׷СҲԺݺݳʹϾǴ
˾ں΢һǿ׳ͬʱ٣˭Ҳɵ±ʮɹĲԣҲǻá
һûٿҲûˡ
˭֪ں΢ݴ˾ͼ˾һְʱɼǶù̸ף˵꣬ٸҲȫļϸ
ǿں΢϶æƿ˾ͼ˾ʵϣ΢Ѿ˾ƿ֡
΢õֶηǳļ򵥣ǾԼɹ٣ЩǽͷݣѹͶģôѹĴѹùĹȨҲֱӱջء
ǳʱڣ΢ȻҲЩô룬ͨ˭˭ѣһĿȻ
΢ҲԼͨ;ȻֻҪõõʳʵ⣬ôͿ֪Էûкȫйᡣ
֮΢˾μ˾ڵε
˾ȼ˾ҪһϾ˾ٰչƷ˾Ʒں΢Ǵ٣ԹƷǸһ˾ͼ˾ɳ˾ã¹ΰչҪһε
΢ģȻһԼ˾ɹټ棿
΢ͨԿԷ飬ǲѡֻҪڵ˾ɹ٣ûкȫᣬô΢ͿԽЩ֮ҳ
Ȼܱ֤ٷְٶԷǼϸ΢Ŀǰ뵽ķӡ
Ȼ΢֮⣬û֪ЩҲ֪΢ΪҪ˾˼ôһ仰
΢޵ķʸ΢˾һͽļϸ˳˵΢ԼֶΣȻ΢
˾ɹȻ࣬Ȼʮɹ٣ƷƷȡ
˶֮εʼ΢һ۵λãԽ˶۵ס


پʮ ս
֮˵Ǭ飬ȻͻȻʳһ仰
΢ɨһۣñǰĻϹ˼ʣȻǲɫȵڼʱ򣬽ǻȡڴˣһȦ⼸ˣǺϴһǵĵףܲܲʲô
ȡῴһۣҲûжʣȥš
̽չʮ˳ΪʮͻȻǼɹɸУ󲿷ֶѵȫķɸ봫ӡһûѵȴԲһֻڶԷɸϿǻĴŷݡ
ѲξٺɽˣΪһǼߣŷ֮ǽػ񣬽һȫдǸɹ٣ԼԷż
һ²֤Ǹо̵˴һ㡣
΢ڶ˷ܣץһ˲õҪ֪֮ǰǬǺסѱɹ٣ǶֻȫָʾҲ˵ֻɶԷϵǣǸ֪ȫκ顣Ҳ˵Ҫ˳ϸ
һβһȫ˾ȻҪ˾ɹټ棬һᡣ
һץȫĳĻᡣ
ֻᣬ΢ŹҲŹ
Ǽ˾ɹֻ֤֮ǳУһҲͬʱϢ
ǸȫҪɹ٣΢ȻǵʡӶԷŵǬָУͬҵ˷ɸ봫ӡ
ɹٽ·ƣƷ٣λ˾вͣ˾֮һɵΪƽԵܺãҲǼΪɣ˭뵽ôһģ֮٣ȻҲǱȫ硣
Ҳ֪ȥҲʱشһţֵĺ֪飬ҲΪʱξٺɽڿУոǰŵץסҲ˵һţ·ԼӦûп
ʲٶĶڽ·ѺȥϼӿܣȻſһŵ΢ҿӦͨĸĸᣬϾļ˾ҵ˾
΢Ȼ֪ڵ˼ǵȷ޷˽жʱ©οǵ΢ȻҲȻ˳ץȫǿһץپͱסˡ
һЩǽĸĸ
΢ڶһ˼ȫͬСɣʹϴοԳһλɼֶ߰˷Կȫĵ̣ȻӦСĶԴǵ죬΢ͺһȥݼĸ
΢ڶ˲ڶ̶ʱͽ˾˾һ飬ȫļϸһ򾡣ĸȻǼΪˡ
ãܺãûпˣĺܺáĸ߿佱֮ԣҲ⼸̫鷳£˷Ӱ̫󣬶ĸֶοȫһʯ֮ơ
һԶ߰˷һԭȫͬʱ׳ƣɳϣҲҪģ̽
̽ɳɵۻڲڡ
˷ȴ£ɵۻڣôԷս磬ҲӦûһʱϻִ֡
ҲɳߣΪɵѾʧǧ֮ã˵ǲ֪Ϊ£УŶ죬λǰȥսѰɵֻۣλһȥҲѶޡ
ѩϼ˪
Уͻλͺȵ۲ϣɵʧ٣Ҳǳֲɳ֮¡
ټɵ۱ĵѾλ뿪ɳ
ʣµģҲֻгǹȫ֣վԼһߣĵչ֮ʱǲ֣ܳʩ޼Ұļжģټϰ˷ʱ͸ʾһֱʩ޼û
ĸǹⲻѾǴ󻼡
Ȼɽ統ҲкܶʵĴɣδضڹؼʱվɳһߣȫ־˵ɳѾ˷Ʈҡĵز
ĸܲ
ؼʱ̣΢ڶѹ˾ͼ˾ļϸڳǴһ仹һţǴȫһֵĻᡣ
£ĸŽͬʱǼ֤ɽȫϸҲһѺĸɹ
ߵʱĸֱ΢һ𵤡
ĸƵĽ𵤣ΪЧǶԶ˵Ľ
ҲҪκˣȥ֮̽ɳ˾ã⣬ΪҲĪ£΢㣬֪ҪִƼ˾ΪǲĸЦ˵֮󣬲΢¡


߰ ֤
棬΢ҲΪˣǸ΢һ£ǾԴϴΰ˷֮ĸѹûЦÿնææµµ죬ĸһЦ
΢ΪοڳЧˣǹ̳ɹɳ˾еļϸһһҳ
ĸ˵ĶԣԼΪ뾡Ȼ΢֪Լ֮ǰΪѾ൱ˣֻкϵɣִһ˾ʸ
΢ӲˣҲΪλıΪҪ죬ȻΪѾѰ˿̫ˣĸҲ֪ʱ΢ΪҲЩǿѣԲŻƵĽ𵤣΢Ϊ
ĸɵɽжҩҩøɲݣĸɵֱǽһԽֱͨɽ𵤣˵һһ֪֮жֲˡ
ҲĸĽɣ¶ûͨ
ȻЩ΢ǲ֪ģڸѹ֪ԼһöƲ۵Ľ𵤣Ȼ޼֮
֪֮΢Ƭ̣Ÿпĸ󷽡
΢ϵˣ뷨֤˹֮ٺϵģڿʱǲ֤ˣȺϵ˵
Ȼ޷֤΢ȴǿ뷨ӽ֤ˡ
˵֤Խ࣬ϵԽѣͬϵĵԽ࣬ɾ֮ΪʵԽߡ
ϣ΢ԴӳΪԺ֮󣬾һֱУ΢ĴҪ֤ѶȲ
;ͬҪ֤ý롮̨ǳһ֣Ӯ֣֤ɹԳɾ
ճ֮΢ʹųĸͽϣ̨
˴ԺԶһ¶ĸʯ̨״߳ɣ̨ͬڰһԲʯ顣
ÿһСһνɶ칤
ڹ̨棬˿в˾ۼ󲿷ֶڤ˼룬һľ̳˼
΢Ժ٣Ȼ֪ô¡Ҫ֪Ҫ֤˿в٣˶Գɹ˵ʮһɹǲˡ
ôǳ̶֮˵ģܶʱ򶼻ڤ˼ԲߣϣսʱԷΪʤ
΢ʱҲûʲôɧ΢ýϽԶǾԶͲиһʼû֪ɹ΢
ʵ΢СԼĿǰ֪ȣ΢ϺͳĸֱٺãϹ̨֮󣬲˷ӦΪ΢ִ񣿡
ڳҪ֤УһЩԺȻһ۾ͿͻȻֵ˺΢
̨һֻһȥģ΢Ͱ˵棬ų̂ų֣һԼʱ䣬Ҳʡ鷳
潣Ϻͳĸֱţ΢ԼһһϹ̨ǰ΢ִԺʱҲǼ֤Ժ֤֮Ḷ́Զ΢˵¿νǼ졣
һֱϵˣȥνڸߴɽΧﷶΧһࡣ
ڹ̨ϣֻһܴİɣǷһ̡
ˮһͨ͸й⻪ɲһ̣˵ԶŴٵʱؾʯ֮ɵԵ̣ɵ۽ϣ֮顣
ڷźڰӣҪ֤Ҫˮ̶һ֣Ӯ֣֤ɹˮ̻һɡ
˿΢ۿȥȻг⣬̺棬ȻǶһλߡ
źڰĵۣ̬꣬Ҳǿ΢һ̣Ŀ⽻λ΢΢һ㶣΢֪ˣĿŲװ£һ߹ȥڶ档
΢֪ǲˣӦö߲ŶԣԼͨԿ˱˿ĶȻѾ߻ɡ
ߵݣ϶ˮ̵顣
΢Ǳ鷳Գ˸ոһ¶֮⣬˿װߣʼ塣
Ҳû΢ġ΢֤ʱϵжڿȴΪֻǿˡ
һ֣΢µ˳ֱ£ϾԺ٣жԺ巨ǾͿɶɶģ΢Ҳļ죬˷֤Ҳ߰˷ְա
˵ڶ֣ͻ䣬ͷ·ǻһ˺΢һ̶̼΢ѾƵĵ˾
˿һӣ΢Ȼ֪£䲻ãһˡ
ǺһֶһʼԷֻʩչһɵĹȻǿӦͻȻ֮䣬Էһʩչ߰˷ֵĹǾЩֵסˡ


߰٩һ ֮
΢˿üͷ壬Ҳ̧ͷŶԲߣһ֣˵Լʥ£ҲδӮԷҲ˵ԷһǹѶȡ
뵽΢֪ˣ룬ûһӣǹĳǸһ
΢ոʧ񣬻ǰ֡
ǸˣȻ΢֪ܾܿǳڸղһ¶ӵУ΢ǸȻ˵죬ٹһԼҲ֤
ߵҲûΪ΢˵ͷȻͨԿңôװӶһǹˣ֪ܸģܺãԣһֲ㣬ٺһ֡
΢ϲ⼱æлȻչأӮַ֤Լղһ֣ٽûл֤ˣλһ棬á
£ٿһ֣һΣ΢˺ܶ࣬һ£һߵǰ֮飿
мʶңʱش˵ֵ֪֮㣬΢ʥѡִԺСûˣΪ㲻֤ˡ
΢һһֻʵʥЯ΢˶΢΢֪һ㣬Բ͡
Ҳδأ֮ߣרĽٹʮ꣬²ˡһӣһԷˮ΢һӮϣˡ
֪λ߾֮飬΢Ҳǹ˺ܶ࣬ѵõλ֮黹֪Լ
һ΢µС֪ԼĿǰҪǰ֤ʵϲҲЩԴˡ΢Ҳ֪Լ֤ܲؼλ֮ˡ
΢˵֮Ϊˡ
ˣС˼ִƹԺҲԵ֤ʧܣ˳ȥǶԺҲûʲôôξ͵գˡ֮˵䣬Ǵһ֮ע΢ڡ
̺֮⣬Ƿôһ£ֱӳɣ΢Ѿˣһ֮Ҳ΢Ϊ;硣
΢ϲҪлʱ֮ͻȻɫһ䣬ǸӦʲôȻʩչһɷ
һ̣΢оոմڵ֮ȻȡһӶ΢ͫһɫ䡣ΪԷȡߵģȻǲڵľ
ľ΢ӣױȡߣ¶Է֮ҲУ΢Ҫʩʱ֮ҲǷԼովٶЩףæС𼱣ҪĶ
΢һҲ侲֮ͬ죬ǿٵʱ͵Ϊǲ֮Ҳ֮죬ԼһͻԸˡ΢ܸо֮鲢޶⣬Լľ֮ϵûжϣҲ΢ԷҪʲô
ͼ֮鿴һľУɫһ˿ɣΣľ磬벻㾹һαðá
֮˿̵ıŻ䣬֮ŵľδ֮ʱľ֮棬ٵأطֿ֮ʼҲľ֮ʱʮǧ꣬ľдľΪľͬɡˡ磬飬ǵϾҲľ֮´ɵʮǧ꣬Ͼλһɾȫɾˣһɵȫɵֻ֮ϧʱϾս磬֮ɵͳ֮֮ãңľҲή飬ֱһɵͳɳŵϢ˺˵ʢֻϧľ٣ɽɶֻ֪ľȴ֪ľ֮£ҲǹªţɵΣ翪ľϾҲľĺ󱲣ֵܣ˭ܼǵľ㰡ֻϧֻôһα壬Ҫָǣǻ֪Ҫá
ⷬ΢ó֮Ҳ˵Լġ
Щ΢˵κι϶ûмصģҪ֪ɳ֮ǰûʷļǣȻ֮ⷬ΢Ǵ۽磬˼š
˭뵽ʱô飬Ҳִֻ֮˲֪õ֪Щ
ҲֻǺͺͯһ㣬ǵ£ֱһɾҵڷ֪˺ܶ顣
˵֮꣬̾˿ֵ΢ѿľһβľѾǺ϶Ϊһ˵컯ҲСģϾ֮ʱ˵˫֮ǶɣܴľϻȡôҲҪ˶ѡˣ˵ҲǵãǽľǻָѰҡ


߰٩ ΢Ҫϵһ
̧֮һӣ֮ľһͬɻ΢ڣ΢̧ͷٿѾû֮ټ
΢¹̨ʱѾ˲ɹ٣Ȼϳ΢΢æǰ
ڵ΢Ѳǵɽ΢΢ΪߣλҲͨ㣬ڣ΢ѾƷɹ٣泯٣˾٣νλȨءʲôطǸطĹԱǲ֪鵹ҲˣȻ֪ǿ϶óӭӣʧǣҪ֪΢ǵëһ㣬Ƕ١
̨λھŹɳǹϽΧɳǹٴ˿̶ڹ̨ºţ˾Źɳǵɹ٣ԺɹҲˣԺٿɶ
΢ڶɹټæǰ
ݼִˣ
뻮һԭЩͨѾĿɿڴʲôȨƣȨƣƽ߸ϵɹ٣ϹǰҲ˵ĹС
ӡ֤һ仰ɣɹ١
΢һ֤黹֪ԼľԭѰΪľǸϣصľµȻ˵ȥڶ΢֪ľľ
Щ飬¾ĸ֪
֤ˣ΢ʹʽ׼ϵˣϷ΢ɺϵ;Ϊ˸˵ǧ˺ˡ
΢úӭԼЩɹٺѼ䣬ô˵˼֪ԼˣרŵȺȻҪһ¡
΢˻ȥֻʣ˿ɶ߿΢һۣϲִ֤ˣ
Ҳס̨֤ɹнӿ֣ոԼ֮Ҳнð˿϶ģ΢˵ͷ
̫ˣִóʱûкˣ֤ҿճ˶١ɶǸ˵΢ʱֻˮɶһִܶ࣬æһӣٺú¼̣ΣδӮˡ
ɶһҲǷӦ΢ȷ񷱶࣬ͷõģִ磬ҪЩôô
ɶҲǳɹ٣Ȼ֪΢ʲôǿĸյĴ£Ȼǵ󲻵á
ڹ£΢ȻǳأͨɱԷǷ˵ѣֶΣҪɳ˾ǱصļϸҳѶȲ
Ҳ˵˾λã΢ˡ
ʱԶһˣ˻ûѾˡ
ⲻ΢ִôִǴĸյ£ӦȫץȫôҲп֤Ī͵ɣ
ż֮⣬ô΢˵ˣλ϶΢޼΢ŤͷһͿ߼һɱ˹
߼һͷޣǼ˵ĺܣλͣ΢൱о˳Ȼŵʱ
΢߼ʵϲǰɱ֮Ҳһʼ΢ûиӶһԹʵҲʲô¡
߼Ҳ֮һʼǺ͵һԸ΢ɵ˺΢һ·ײڹλϺȨ϶Ҫһø߼Ǽޱˡ
ƾʲô΢ƾʲôñߣ˵΢Ȼ֤պ·Ծһ
ǰ΢λ߼治÷Ͼ˼Ϲ٣Ƕͬ΢ȻҪ
Ҫ˵ڱ磬ʮ߼ҲȲһ
΢һЦؾߴʲôʱˣ
٣߼ԣһ΢ֵȻû٣΢£Ҫߴ𣿲ȻΪߴǼ˾ء
һ仰Ǿ¡
΢˼
߼һɫһ䣬˲ƱҪѹ΢ֻ΢ΪֻǿԸ߼ͬ籩һѹ֮ȴǱֵƵᡣ
ݵȻͱȸ߼ǿΡ
߼ѹ޷ѹ΢Ҳ侲֪飬˿ʵ΢ҲƷɹ٣ְڳϲԼһҲ鷳
¸߼ȥԼѹ֮һתЦ΢ĸ̧㣬ݴ˾һְ㵹ãһ㲻˼ȡ㣬ʲôɼˣûУ˸ոξͽ˾ʮɹٳȥְʲôûų켺ֶҲʵ˲ݣɳ˭֪ΪִƼ˾ԴӼ˾ڣһٲΪΪ֤һͿˣЦ΢һղϵλӾȣʱĸҲһִƼ˾


߰٩ ΢Ҫϵ
߼Լ΢һǾ΢Ϊ
ɳ£֪΢ٶȿ˷ָɹλԿΪȴǲС
ΪҪʵʵǳµĻۣԲһ͡΢ǿڸ߼ôʱܳɾѾǶˣҪϵѰ˵Ҫϰ꣬΢ţʮܵҪɣ
ΪԼ΢һƿ·
Ϊˣ߼Ż᲻ΪһϹ΢΢вٿӣҲԽһܿĿ
Ϊϣ߼ѾǺѾ˳ʮ꣬ǴҪϵˣֻҪϵɹǾͿԳΪɣʱЩĹͣټϾ˵֧֣λȨҲԸһ㡣
Ǹ߼ĵ֮Ϊˣ΢ǰôһԽС
΢λٸߣΪҲǰ״
˭˵֮Ǳ΢ߴԼǣΪϵ飬Ҳǿĸ˼Ƚ˾ϣ΢ҲҪԵĸ˵࣬ԣ΢ҪϵˣҲлߴ˵ѡ
΢һֳ˲ǰޱȡ
ﻹһЩ˺û뿪ɹ٣˿΢һ仰Ŀɿڴš
ϵ
Ŀô򵥣˵Ͼͺϣ
ƫƫ΢ô赭дôƵᣬǱмΪҪһ£΢ȴֵһ
߼һӦǾ㵣ǲţȻЦ
΢˵Ҳ·ͷ˵Ҫϵûɣ߼ȷЦ΢治װɵϵô򵥣
Ҫ֪ɽ˶ţëԺϵȴ֮٣ɲǿЦģж˺ϵʧܣɵ˵Ϊκϵ֮ҪٴκϵĻֻгɹΪ٣ɣɽ統УѾﵽɵ̫ˣΪϵѵԵʡ
߼ҲκϵʧܣΪܽӽɣȥһԸ߼˭ϵ֮ѡ
΢Ȼ赭дƺУϵʲôһȻ˸о΢ѹСϵζʧܵ
߼Ц֮󣬱Ǵŭ
΢Ǹӣ赭д߼ˣû΢֤֮ΪҪϵϾͬ˵ģҪִƼ˾֮ȷԲ˳Ϊ˲ĸ˵У΢ȻҪϵġ
ֱ߼ȷŭɶ΢ڳЦԼϵʧһڸ߼̲סŭ΢Ʋ㣬ĵˣ׿Խ֤Źȥꣿϵֱǲ֪ߵغ񣬾Ҹ߼ҲǺ۳ʮأҲʧΣ΢ˣӦöý̤ʵصĵǺøԶֻȡ衣
΢ҲЦˣҲ߼Էոſڱտڶĸغ̧٣ʵаǹĸãչٳذ£ΪƫƫҪܵ˾ɲĹλ϶Ĵ治
ʵ΢Ǹ߼ɳ¶ĸֻĸλ̫ߣû˸˵лв١Щ΢ﶼžĽΪĸ£Ϊ˻رĸ֪֮
ĸΣԼɻԺְϻεء
һƷһƷ٣мǸɽźء
΢Ƕ£û
ԼΪþȥðһҲֵã¶Լ޺ģΪȥˣλˣΪҲˣЩĸ˱졣
Ϊԭ΢ʱԼҪϵϢ˵ȥǵ߸߼ڸ߱ˣҲڸԼ
Ƹۡ
΢߼ˣ㲻Ϊ΢ô˵İɣ֪΢Ǻ֪΢ǽ̤ʵأϵʧܣΪ˶òŶԣ˵һ㲻Ļ߼ˣۺ۽綼̫Сˣĸ˵۽ǲ̫Զĸ΢˾٣Ϊ΢㹻ʸиɲţʵ΢Ҳ¸㣬ΣҾҪϵұȻɹȻ߼Ų㡣
˵꣬΢ҲĿɿڴޱȵĸ߼ֱӳſɶȻȥ
ֱ΢֮󣬸߼ŷӦǱɫͨ죬΢ã⻰˵ģҸ߼Ҫʱϲ˵ʱɳȥ
ʵ϶ø߼Ĵ΢ⷬѾڼ˵ʱڣ˾֪


߰٩ ֱ
΢͸߼һСͻԭʲô߼˵ҪϵȻŵģϾ߼׽ҲнˣĻҲǷͬСɣϵҲˮɣȻû˾⡣
΢һ
΢֤żꣿ
ɽ˵һԵɣ΢֤ͬˣ˿̾󲿷ֶûо׽٣΢ɵãȻҪϵˡ
ûţ΢ЩֿѣҲû΢ܺϵɹɽ絮ڣ˴֤ϵĻֻ˶̶̶ʮһꡣ
ǵ΢ʲôܳԽĺϵʱ䣿
Խӽ΢֤ڶʱ䣬ôôʱϵɹԣ˶΢΢šЩ΢˳۵ˣϢ֮һӦǣֱǺ
ȡѣ΢ҿս±Ϊ˵£Ծ͹ô˵ϧʱҪʯͷԼĽšɸϢ
΢ѾǺ֮ǣ˵ʵɳ΢ϵˡԭܼ򵥣΢ж֮ԼۿʱѾֻʣһ꣬΢ɵΪʱԲĶ֡
΢ϵɹɣǾͲһˡ
ɣ΢Ҳɣ˭ʤ˭Ͳ˵ˣҪֶ֪ɲ﷭
ʱ䣬ǾΪܲһ£һʱһ
ֻҪܷɾ֮ô΢һɾɣҲȫ΢ѹ֮Ѿʸ̤ս磬һµĲκֻܽսˣǿߡ
Ȼʱ͵µԭһǾʦҲֵʩ޼ʹһϵʱ䶼Ҫ£ֵ֪д
ʦǴʲôȻֵʩ޼ʲô˶ȫ׷档
ȻҪ˵һ㶼ûвҲǲܣԼʦֵһҪ飬Ǻȫйء
ԭܼ򵥣˷ߵ죬ɹʱɳĽ鶼Ѿɹʩ޼ƺ֪ʲô£ѹû顣֮ڳϣҲ͵͵۲ʩ޼԰˷ߵ飬ʩ޼ҲһȻ
˵ʱʩ޼ǹⲻȥҲ֪ȫ춯֡
Ҫ֪ȫɳһɵȫɵͬˮ𣬻ݣΣ
֪Լ׷ʩ޼۶ԷʲôǱɳ
ôһ죬ǲκλֻ֣֪̿浽һ죬Ի֮ǰӵ΢ɱ
΢ҪϵѾ˲֪Ѿڼ˾ĺ»ţҲ֪ˡ
΢ţԵһʱҵ΢»ãֻȷһ޴£ţǵľͶˣΪһ΢ϵʧܣǱȻΪɳЦϾ֮ǰķ̫ˡ
ȵ΢ص˾˾ѯʣ΢ĿһۣȻʵǾҺϵܲܳɹ
һ£ºţûпʱϺͳĸҲڣ΢ͬǣû˵ĸֱǵϼȻ˵ԣǾͿԡ
΢ţһۣЦǻֱҼȻҪǾһİգ¹ϵش󣬾ƸۣҲðһԣǰﲻæǼ˾飬Ǿ͵öൣһЩ
ţһæ˷ģ̽ȫϸ飬ǻȫ׷飬⣬ȫԼʱ䣬Ҳ֪ĸǱ߰ŵˡ
΢һҲǵ˵ͷҪ֪ǷԼһȡģ鱨Ҳṩģܲȫˡ
ĸǱߴݣԼ˵Ǻ£⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ
һҹ΢ڽĵȴжȹġ˵ڶմ磬΢ͥϾ͵֪һµϢ
Ϣ˲䣬΢˿˷ޱȡ
ΪϢǽݱҹĸˣȫʮնɱץˣижһǣһλնɱһλ˾ȫ֡
һϢһΰ˷ȫߣɳʧһηȥԽѾҡҡ׹ɳ
΢֪Լ˹ûԼ鱨ǾûһεĴݡ
˼˾˾ץȫϸһݹͣ΢ԼѾʸʽϼ˾ٵλãֻҪΪȥԼ֮󣬹λпֱܻӵƷλ


߰٩ Ѳ
΢ǴײһһǨģȻ̤ɳ;ʱ䲻;ȴǿ˰꣬ʱĻۡ΢İѿǿټһ˾̶̼ʱͱ΢װѿأһµʱ䣬ѾǳתȻҪ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬Чȴֹ
ͨ΢ȷǷ̫࣬Ժܿķֱ˭ʵ⣬˭ΥЩĵɹٱ΢һƸЩˣСĻģҪôҪôְ󱻸ϳ˾
ϸ۲һʱ΢Ϊͻᷢһ˾ֵʵ΢һһʧµģϴõģǶ΢Ĺɹ١
һ˾ɳ鱨žͳͰһˮòȥ˾鵽ʲôҲ֪
Ȼ˱Ц΢ϵǸ󻰣΢ӹɵġ
˴ԣϴĸشȫҲΪ˾ṩ׼ȷϢȻֻǴԡ
ʱƣڳϣ΢ԽԽǰ΢мɹ٣еʱڳ϶ײ΢
Ϊ΢Ǽ˾١
˭ܱ֤˾ûڲǣܵɳɹ٣˭ƨɵ¶رɾģټ΢˾ӪͬͰһ㣬ԱܵģͶ΢ͷӲη塣
Ȼ΢ѾٲǸɳٳˡ
ճ֮΢ûлؼ˾ֱӽϣóĸţʩչɷ֮硣
Ϊڳ֮ǰţ΢ķ˾鱨֮⣬ҲжĿţ˼ҲҪöĶĿͼ˾ںϣܷӳá
Ȼ΢˾ͷȥӲһòˣϾ΢ִƼ˾󣬻ûȥ˽¼˾һȦǹԾͽһˡ
ȴӶ翪ʼ
΢֮ǰҲû֪ͨ˾ã΢Ϥޱȣѡٵĵص붫кԶ룬ǳǵޣĹɶԲ
΢Ϥǵ޽£ԷԼٵص㣬϶ͻ֪Լģ϶ҲװͿû
Ȼ꣬΢϶ҪŰݷõģô˵Ƕ΢˾ȥݷá
֮ţ΢֮ٶ硣
ͬʱͬ΢Ԥϵһڶ޵УͻȻԶ
ã¶ЦݣȴûжҲûҪȥ鿴˼һ̷ĹЩͷԣҲʡ
ɽȫͬ統УһжǻҰ֮ɫ͸ţ˷ż紫֮⣬аĿ¡
磿ҲͷһĸֱǺ´һ̣ƺʲô˷ܵĳ΢˵˾仰ͼҴҵĻһ⣬¡
ʦֱ޷ֱ£΢ȴҡͷû£˴ֵأв棬ֱȥܼܲʱ䣬ҲȥݷһЩĽţҪ֪ĽǶأںУ洦
ǳ΢Ȼֱס½ϵͷԴӰʦ΢ĽѾͻͽ
˻΢ëͷСӣʮֲмΪϣǽϣ΢ʦ緶ԶѰᲢ۵ġ
˿΢ͽ϶彵٣Ұɢ⣬̫˶Ŀ΢ȡɷѹƣ£ܶ
ڳĸֱ赣ģǳ֮ĸ֮壬ǳһΪûҫ۽⡣
˿һƬֵУֱٶȼ죬׷һֻεĹ档
ףٶȼ죬ΣҲǼΪټ֮ǰĹҲδʶֹ棬Դ΢ġɽ֮ЩϡŹֵĹҲ¿ѭ
ͷٶȻ죬ʵѾԽһһƬֵİɶϳĸֱһ㷴֮ûУƬ֮ͱƵһ䣬ܣֱһץͽס
ĸֲĳѹ治ʱ΢Ҳ£ĸֱױһ΢档
ԭ׹ȣⶫһ㲻ᵥ֣ͨǳȺӣר̳Թ»Ұʳ˻ǡɽ΢дģȻ΢ϵֳֹ档
˵;òԣһΧȻѾϢľ鲻׹ȡ
һĹޣǹһⳡ涼ľֻߣΪһȺ׹ΧǹҲס


߰٩ б
΢ˣҲһˣ˵гĸڳ£ǷǾϲޱȡ
ֱһʩչ˿󷨣뷨ӽЩ׹ȶ΢гĸڣȻŹᣬҪ֪Щ֮ǿԵõģˣֱӳкɱʮ㡣һ΢ڰ˷УûгĸǸңҲδܷΪʤɱһɡ
ĸͷ΢Ǵһɷ˲ʱ䣬һƬ뵽һεĽУ·ΧĿ谭Ϊ˷ֹЩ׹õɷĸ΢ʩ˲䣬ѾȡңһһЩֵ׹ȶС
һ㣬һβ׽׹ǧֻôЩ׹Ȼ붾溣Уɱ͸ˡ
ڴ˿̣΢˶ӦһߣԶͻȻʮӰ磬ת˲Ȼǽ΢Χס
ˣȻڵĵҰЩ׹֮صģ˾Ȼȡֱ˿һ˵ɭɭɱ
ΪѾǹ磬ֻһ֮ң
Щ޵Ҳһλɾ֣ѪɫޱȵϴŸ߸ϺͲм֮ɫƺֳ˵
΢ͽ϶Ϊɷ˿ΪĸֱӵϢͨͨɽһЩ˶͸˵Ĺˡ
ֻԷԣ΢ŭϲҪ֪ǼԨԴģĶǹĽ飬ǰѣ֮⣬ֵĹϵ΢Ҳð΢ľצҲڵľѧ΢ԷȻڵĹޣȻǺܸˡ
ȻЩᣬڵĵ̣Щ׹ҲģȷԼһǷ׵ˡ
΢ЦڸλԨԴ֪ǰɺã
΢εݣȻҪЩ񣬲΢ֵĻʮкǿޱȡֵĸף΢Ҳһ֮ԵΪ΢ֵĹϵԽһǰҲ޲ɡ
΢ԼţԷȻͻѯʣ˭ϽȴǽȻ෴
Էһ֣ɫһ䣬Ȼȡֹ΢Χס
ȻԾ΢ҲΪƣ׷ʲô顣
˿̣ǸɳԭˣǾ͸ˣ֣ȫɱˣһ
˵ֱӶ֡
΢ȻޱȣҪ֪ڵôЩڵĵ֮ȴǵ˵ˡ
ԷȻ֣΢Ҳ֣ܲ£ò΢֡ڶԷ˲䣬νӦȥ
ֱûأ⼸һҪʻű𶯣΢ĸֱԾԾԣ΢æֹЦֱ֣Ǽһ¡
һһᣬ΢ɲøֽңء
ԷȻ˶࣬һһɣǶϵǽһɣǽϾ΢Ľ̵ķǳ죬ûʲôͽԷʮ޴ǿ޵ǽһɺһֱץס
Ϊ΢Ҫº֣Խ֣Ĺ޼״ֱˡ΢Ҳ׷ֻô¡
ܿ죬ϾͽѺ˹Ǹɻɱ˱ͲһЩ˵йɱ֮ǿĽɣ΢Ľ̵ֶζأһͨĹǻֵ
ʱҲ֪˲ǵĸˣ˿ɫϾͽǻõˣǵġ
Ҳû˵ʲôӲֻǿ΢֪΢ͷԷҪʲô϶ѯʡ
΢ȷˣΪʲôһ֣ͶǶ֣ûǴڵŶԡ
ǹһǲмƥѾڵˣ䡣
΢üͷһ壬֪Ȼǳˣϸѯʲ֪ô¡򣬾ȻΪ
Ҫ֪ȻǴţҲǶš
Ķжĵɷš
ɷ΢ţͬɽˣɷŵУ˵ı򣬳֮⣬֮ɻв٣һű
ɷһŵĹ޵ӿ˰Ҫף°ȻԸҲͬ⣬ǵɷžȻʩѹڣ⻹㣬֮Ȼǲ֪ʲôطǰһӵĴ˻ȥ߱ʱõһЩıƣȻɷþ޴Ӱ֮λ


߰٩ 
֮ǰѾǱ֮λ΢ľǸϵ£죬ֱӶ֡
΢һǴŭ
ǸɷžȻ˷ֱǿף˼ҲԸȫ΢ջǣȻûһ˽¸Լ
ûԼ˵ͬҲûҲûҹԼʲô˼
鷳Լ
Լ
΢Ҫ鶼һʰʱԼ
΢ŭɷѹסŰһ̣ѹ΢ɷȻֱ飬˲ʱ䣬΢ҫ硣
ǸʻĹʱѾɵˣŷӦǰλȻɣֲù˾ô
㣬ںδУʲôط΢ɫǹŵ𵴣ȷ˵ʵǰλ˾Իһ׽Լɢ
˵ڴѾʵƿڣͰһǵȥͶȥˡ
΢ɣһץסĹѾո΢ŰֱĻɢ
ȥǸϻеɷŵ˴֮ڣǸҪȢĹɣҪһΪ΢˵ޱߵǿ֮
ǹһ⻰ѾɵʲôˣˣôҺ͵ɷΪУ
ĪǷˣ
ɵˣûִ˵Ļ𣿡ϿǹĿɿڴָɲҽ
ִˣ
ĸִˣ
ɲԣ˿̳ʹҲֻͷ˵Ǽˡ
΢˿̴һӣ˲ʱ䣬һɽһһ磬ֻգ֮䣬ͽɨɳȥ֮⡣
΢ŭգԷȻҰ򵽰ͷϣȻΪ˶λã˵һǴ졣
΢Щٶȫŭ֮ľ΢ʲôˣɳƷɹ٣λõģûһƲ磬΢ԼҲһ
ûô򵥡
ɷǸŹ޵Ӿ˵Ѿ޹һι䣬һɣȷ֮ˣԽţԽǱȳҪǿʣͷԡ
һһɣΪһŮӶ˴󶯸ɸ
ᣬɷҲôʾ͸ôʱҲԣҪ˵߸һţǼ֮Ϳ԰쵽ģҪʱﻮϸ͸һء
ԣ΢Żûô򵥡ҪǣֻǱ˶ûнºԼҲһ㣬ҲƷ٣¸Լֻֿԡ
һԼԼġڶ֣ǾǲµĲͬѰºܿԼйء
Ϊݡ
磬ȰòŮ޲ûУԷΨ԰жӣ
ԣ΢βǹɻȥҪ̽һ¶ԷķӦֻҪԷжԿӳһ
ΪԼ΢ҲԲ⣬Щ΢ı֮ʤȻǶ㲻ģˮڣ΢İģû¹˭
Щ΢뵽δؿԣ˵ͷԼ򵥵ĳĸֱˡ
ʦȥģʱʵ


˿ڶĳ֮ڣ˵Ļ㱨ɫءﻹһߺһλòŮӡ
ȻǶޡ
ȵǸȥֲŻͷףһ˻֧ģֻڵɷŵѹֻѡʱ֧á
ǱߣԾֵĸףҲڵǱֵʮɵֶ㲻Ϊ·ˣ֮λҲûʲôġ
ԱһµľŮǰ˿Ѿ˹֮Ѿǳɾ͹֮λ
˿ε常ΪңҲᶪڡ
Ϲ˵̴ϵֶͷûϵֻҵһڶѣһӾܽҴλϸ˵ͳﻮˣɲǶ̶̼ܰ쵽顣Ҿֶ˵û²򵥣ܻܿǣִˣʱִܺ˵ģ˵˵Ĺơ
һΪʵĹޣԶǴӴֳǽԺ
常ִ磬֪ģ϶ǣӣҲôǸã֮λһΪһɱȭͷա
ʱͻȻ˵ǣңĪΪҾͲ֪ˣ
˵ŴԿ΢һջ˽


߰٩ Ը
΢
ӣ
ֺͰ΢ȻǴ߽ҲĿɿڴȻѹû뵽΢Ȼʱ
΢ҲûֺͰߵǰȭǰ˷΢пǷˡ
Ҳû뵽΢콵һ֮񣺡ִĪ˿
΢ȴӦģ볤ֵܣףȻҵĳ
˵꣬΢ŤͷֺͰŭǲҲǾʹһֱңǲΪԼͿ԰¸㶨
ŵվҲǣҲǣ΢ѵǵͷҿҲЩ޿κΣʱ΢ʲôʱģҲ֪ͨһ¡
룬ַӦ˹æǰ񣺡¹֣ݼ˾ִˣ
Ƕ˾٣λƷ٣˾ɳֱ˾Ǽ˾Ҳ˵΢ֵĶͷ˾ּ΢ȻҪԹ֮Ȼʧ
΢˵ͷȻ˷һΪѲ˾ã¹ΣҪһû뵽һˡ
˵ţ΢ͽ֮ǰ齲һ飬ֺͰһҲǰˣڤڤж
΢ȻǷųȥõɷ֮ǽֵ˸סˡ
΢Ŷִˣ֪ǵɷʲô·ֺ΢죬ʱҲ֪ý΢ʲô΢ЦǰôоôУԼ˵ʱ򣬾ͽ΢ǵɷţȻ֪
ֵɷ޵ʱ򶼲Ǽѡ
΢һЦ֪ˣ鷴ð죬ǲãҾڽǲ׳졣
һ룬Ҳǵͷ΢ǽˣִɳ˾ƷɹλȨأɷţҲֻһţҶɳ˾ٲôҲ
ûɣɹҲԲ֮١
֮²Ҷòͽ֣һѼ˾ټҪǡ΢˵ֵ꣬ͷȥȥˡ
΢߹˵꣬ͷ겻㾹Ȼɾ͹֮λˣôҲң
˵ʵ΢⼸궼ææµµ֮ǰص֮ͱչز΢ҲӦҪͻɾˣһȻˡ
΢ʻǲ֪룬ҧ촽ͷһԵִˣѾͷһֱȥ㣬ʵԾͿ̿˵Ĺ޵УʻǵһڷȴִֻܼΪĸ죬Ϊɾ͹֮Ϳ԰ﵽ㣬֮ѾĵˣһССĹȻͲʲôˣΪܰ㣬ȥ޹֮
΢һҲһ֮ǷͬСɣͬʱҲΪжνʼնԼĲŬΪҲֻΪܰﵽԼ
ѾΪѵãȱ֣ҡ΢һ仰ǵͷż֮ɫ
Ŭɾ͹ɣΪܰﵽ΢ֻڵ΢λ̫ߣΪҲֻ԰Ҫ޹֮΢ҪȻܾܾ΢
Դӵ΢ѧл֮ѾƵĻȻϤ֮ʱ򣬰ֻһͷ
ΪΪ
ǰԸ΢ӽȻǻɾһ£ܰﵽ΢ʲôĸԸ
˵ʱ򣬰ǰٰѣֻ֮΢ŸоԼĴġ
΢ٶºס˾Խ٣Ѿ𶯶ˣһ˾ͽʤʱ򣬲֪΢ˣǸ
ҲΪ΢ͬ
֮ͬڣ΢ǴӶ߳ȥɹ٣ڶٶ΢ʶвѡ
΢ЩյǸ
˵ģ¾ҪԨˡԨѾһ˹켣΢ԭҲǹλڽѾƷ٣Ϊûдﵽ֮ǿԴﵽƷ
֪΢ԨҲǷͷ飬Ҫȥ΢Ͼ΢ȣƷɹ٣˾ٺͳٶְڹλҪԨ˺ܶ࣬Ԩȥ΢Ҳûʲô
ûȵԨߵſڣ̹پͼҴҵ˽ˣˣɳ˾ִݻˡ
ʲôԨһ㶣ͨеĵ֮漴һů
΢ûб䰡Ԩ뵽΢λҪߣλΪԶԨܱģ΢ȴ˵΢ǵõֳ֮顣
ͳһ㣬Ԩ;΢ֵˡ


߰٩ ⷢ
ԨҲڹٳ˶֪꣬еĺܶŵ΢ݷԼһ㺬棬ǾǸ΢֮ԨȴôûʲôԣΪԼҲԴ棬ڵ΢Ѿǵ΢ԼôҲҵͿԼǽ΢ơ
˿΢ϣҲЯ
ܿ΢͵ˣԨڴſӭӣԶԶͿһƬٴӵ΢ȻЩٶѶݼɳɹٵġ
΢ҲԨһ統ʱÿԨʱӣԨûʲô仯΢Ѿһʮһ꣬ڵɹ١
ʱ΢߼ǰ磬һˣ
ǰһ˸ܲ־УԨҲǼޱȣ΢ͷãã
Ԩ΢ɣЩȻǲҸȥģȻĽԨ
΢뿪ΪɹٵҲ֮ãһζǵ˭뵽΢ڶ̶̼ʱȸλ֪ǿ϶᲻İͽύ΢΢ֻҪ˵һ仰˵ܼӹٽ
ϧûҩ
ӵУԨ΢̸Ԩ磬΢һֱû˵΢һĿˣǴԨ￪ʼġԨ΢;Բô̤ɳ;ܳΪ
ɲ˹ҲûкˣԶԨ΢ĸм˵ӽԨĿģ΢ǴöԷ滹ֵ塣
ԶԨ΢Ҳ״翴
ϵܣȥҩɽΪ٣㵣ģûĲŸɣڿһ߶ˣⶫһһǰ㵱ɿģĿġԨҲǹٳˣȻɹٺͼ˾ٴĵλȨƣ΢ܵλ˵ǲ˼顣
޵Ƽ΢Ҳûн֮ƣ΢ЦԨһеһůֵվԽߣԽҪСĽ˵ɳĸ֮ɳȫ֪ϵмְգϸҰæģ㾡˵ܲܰ쵽ϸ綼ȫΪ
˵ʵԨȷﲻʲôæ΢ˡ
˵һʱЦ΢ܻҲ˵һ
ԨһҲǹһЦˡ
΢ҲӭȻ߽΢Ц⣬Ԩһûٰ΢æ΢Ҳ飬ֱӵ磡
һһ㶣ǽһġ
΢磬ûгƺ򣬾ûаԼˣԭܼ򵥣ԹλƷ򻹱΢ƷɹٵһƷÿڳϹ٣ƺ磬ǾͲǹƷ
Ȼʮָˡ
䣬Ҳǹеѯ΢ĸĲ°ôϾͷȴ¡
΢ҲԨ򽲣Ԩǹλ̫ͣûбҪ֪ЩҲûбҪ֪ҲﲻæڵĽչ΢ҲҪܵģҪ˵Ҳֻ˵֪
΢ֻ˵ףʱˣ΢˾ٶټ˹
΢Ҫˡ
磬磬ȥЩ£ɡ΢˵Ԩ֪΢϶Ҫ£Ըæ΢ȥ¡
ɽʱõһ΢˼˾е٣̽ʽѯʣͬʱͨ۲죬Ȼ淢˼١
پҪȴɹ׵öֱ࣬ץʣһ¾ȷ⼸ҲǱȫˡ
û𣿡΢Կ϶ǶҲһͬ
ȫǾҪʲô
ĪĴȫ淴һɳɵͳ
£΢мǲˣǾȥ¡Ҫ֪ʱҲμӳᣬ΢ͽµǾ棬΢֮Ҫ󽪰е١
Ҳֻгǵܰ΢æ
ȴ£µȻҲӣǴ΢Ŷһˣ΢ֻͨҪһ˾ټʻɣЩٲѣ̶ʱץʮ
΢û뵽ô⣬ֻԣû뵽һȥʹô㡣
νȴ΢Ҳ˷ʱˣͽһˣȫҳ
΢뽪°æϺֱ΢ȫڶǰһЩѴϥ̸ڿǲˣҲԨתߺ͹ǣǲҪٵˡ
нλڣ΢üʱ߱Ĵеٶɸһ飬һĴץ˳ʮ١
£Ҳ΢һʱ䣬ڶͥ΢ûӲμӣ΢ɺ״֮ʥԼһγ٣¼ݡ


߰һʮ ɷ
΢æĲɿҲǽɷŵԺ󡣲ȻɷҲû΢ȥ˵ʵĵӷȥһΪǲܵġ
˿ж磬ɷŵУѾʵƿڵĴ΢ѹֻܵɷԮ
Ȼ΢ûбݣ֣ˣôԵҪͷ϶Ǹ涫߳ȥ΢
һ΢ĵλŵȣͨΪǳΪڵҲܺɳ˾ٿ⣬ȫһĴڡֻǶļ˾еɷųҲ壬΢һ
õĸµĻ㱨֮̾ɷԮϣɷſϳԸǸ΢ڵɷŻ᲻æòģǸ΢̫񣬾Ȼ⻹㣬ҪλɷеŹ޷ȥһΪɷǾԲӦġ
ȻɷһλɳϽһ˵ԷԺԼȥɷŵ
˲һɷŵãŵɷ󣬻һȥĹɣǿֻ˫۴а
һæǰҪ֪һܷڣߣȫ˵ɷŵƣûеɷţûã˵ɷıɣһЩǵ޶֡
ã˵Ŀɳ˾΢ˣɷŵźɫۣһɺɵĺɷ˵ɷŵж
ùҲǻսһ㲻˿̼æ龭΢˰ȻҪҪа׹һΪΪ˭
ڵɷǰõĵҲ˺ܶ࣬ʼ΢ΣɷЦȻʸһɳ˾Ʒ٣˵ܿͿԷΪƷ磬νȨ죬ȨƵȷʸˡ
˵꣬ɨһãֱӰֵˣû¶ˣȥɣ
ˣʲô˼ʵ΢Ǳߡ
ĻϽߣԱߣһ£ͬɭɭĵɷŵһаü˵
һòٶ˵ֻĴǵ¡
ȵȥ֮аײųŵɷʦ΢ȻǱˣҪҪˡ
ɷȻ֪ԼͽҪ˵ʲôҡͷˣ֮ǰǴŮ΢磬뷨£ΪȫЧֻǴȫĸ󻼣϶£ġ
аһҲǵͷȻǵĵˣɱˡ
ɷ۾һа׵аףǶı˵˵ʲôӿɱ΢Ҫ֪ڿ϶ڶнڣԳɱ΢ҳʱɷűػᱻһɳֻΪһ΢ֵá
ʦ΢һС󣬿ɱţͽԸʦֻ֣Ҫ˷˭֪Ƕ֣ڽµȷһ鷳ʦˣж޻ټĴ޼ݵؾ̳ʱʦҲҪȥμӵģʱͽùڵòϢȥɱ΢¾ȥҲڶֻͨɣһɣ˭赲ңаһţһļƻţԼΪš
ɷһҲǵͷãô졣
аͽҲʮΣаѾһɣΪߣǶһʤ㣬ǻȡ鱨΢ȻҲֻΪȻ˵΢նɱһɣǿˮֺܴ
ʱ϶Ǳһֳ֣΢ֻǼ˸Ͱˣ˵ɵΪаףټаڰ͵͵ɱ΢м
Ȼɷžȫһݵ㣬΢ǳٵʱ򣬾ʹð΢£˭뵽ѹûи΢ϵڣ΢ѾǼ˾٣ץ˲ȫ߷ļϸѾȫҪɱһɳɹ١
ԵɷаײŻﻮɱ΢
΢ĻȥǿһЦţǶ
ɷߵ΢Ȼǲ˾ͶĶĿȻڶ࣬Ҳȫܹ˼
Ĵ΢ǻʱһ飬ЩȫϸһȫץǼᣬȻͨɳЩѺȥʡ


߰һʮһ ɱ
΢˵һݹ͡
з٣ɹ٣ȫҪ˾ϸҲ񹦵Ĺͣ˵ĸĲ£΢оԵİհɡ
ʱ䣬΢벽ṳ̂磬νæĽų죬һ䣬΢Ȼһʱ䣬Ϊ˽ҹ΢ͻ᷵ɽμӴճᣬһʱ䣬΢ߺ͹Щǰֵܶгһӹ磬졣
΢Ҳܳԣˣʳ֮йΪǲ⡣
мʱԨҲˣڹȻǰʱ⣬һʱǸпѡ
ͬǴӹһģ΢ѾɳƷ泯٣˾٣ɳ΢ǰһûһӣɼˣҲС
΢ҲָܿҲΪ֮Ϊ͹λԽԽߣһԽԽ
󣬾Լںߺ͹ҲԼֵƽƽˡ
˵ǣԨҲһ
ʱԨҲҪģ޴ȥж˵ˣ֮ǰҪȥīģֵ֣ı˵˽磬Ѿһǧļ۸ˡ
΢ҲЦЦ򵱳ԼԵľӣ벻ô͹ȥˣ΢ҲٲǸͨˡ
ֻнţĸֱ΢˲£Ѻʮٷɽ磬ֱֻ΢ŷġ
ʱԺͻȻƾһһ̣ԺӵоͶദһӰ
Ӱںڻڣǹ˾֮ڣѰͨθҵ
΢Ӧ̧ͷȥſڵĽҲƤ΢̧Ժˡ
ԷǴźڻ£ҲкڲģڻǹôڵȻǲ֪ݡ
ǣ΢ͽϸ֪֮⣬Ԩֻ֣ǹǶһ֪
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ӰȻһ̤˲֮ڣſڣöԷһ
ûһ⽣Ӱб׻⣬Էһƴ쳹񺿣ýɣȻǱһ´ɳȥ
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΢ͫһ̻һӭŶԷȥȴΪﶼѣ򶷣ȻὫǲ
ӰƺҲǳ΢ģһԲֱӳ΢һȭ
һȭȻڿлƬƬ׹ǣգ֮һ޴İ׹ȭЯ˺ѿҹȥ
΢̸оΣռԥųԪͨ仯ɶܣǰһ̣׹ȭԪͨײ޴ĳֱӽ֮Ϊƽء
䣡
޴鱬֮쳹˵֮еĹ޶ˡ
Ԩ˱鱬ײĶᣬΪõģһɳѣһɢ
ߣԨʣҲֻΪһЩǿ֧š
ˣȻڶҰɱɳɹ٣ֱһҪԷסȻǴ̿ûһľ£һȭɣִһȭ
Ѿһˣ޹Ĺɣ΢жϳԷʵȻԷĿֻһǾɱԼ
ڶȭ΢Ӳǲ£ôһ鱬Ԩߺ͹̾ͻ飬ɢ
΢ǴһӣһΪ͵罫Ԩͳʮ⣬ڶԷһȭ΢ҲֻܽµӲ
أ
΢ڵأһ˿ѪνӦӲϾΪ˽Ԩͳȥ΢ֻӲһȭ΢ҲǳصģһȭȻˣҲ̷
⽣ɱ
΢̧һӣʱ˰ٽ⽣ɨȥ缲꣬˲ϢȴԷٶȸ죬ɵٶȱͱɵ˿죬˵Է˹ĹɣǺӰһѾǶ㿪˰ٽ⽣΢࣬צ΢΢Ҳûٶ֮Ķ֣˿Ǽæǰһˣֱۺնһ޽
ǰһϰȫնϣǹӰǶ㿪ˡ
ʯ֮΢ѾԷ˼أȻǱԷѹƣ˵΢޳֮
ͬʱĳ죬ǷҲһɳǶǹΪٶȼ죬ֻƬ̾͵˵طպÿ΢ǹӰ
ǰǱ̿˹ĹɣǲǶ֡΢Էʵ˵ֻгǵ޽֮⣬΢Ҳ֪ڶ


߰һʮ ֵа
뵽΢ͻȻӦԷмƻŽ²ɱԼ
΢뵽һֿܣѿڶʵȫˣ
ҪԷش΢ԷͷϺɫƾ֪ԼµûȻԼһȫϸǼŭ˶ԷɱԼ
Ȼ֪ɵȴǺԥǺӰɱȥ
צ
õڵĹѧ֮󣬾޴ĹצȻץȥǴ̿ȴǷһмЦһа׹ǹȭ˲ͽצ顣
ܵԷֱӱײȣȻͶԷΪ̫ࡣ
£
΢ŭ˵Ȼ֪Լʱ˭ﲻæ϶һ´ˣ͸ˣֻܰ¡
΢ŭҧҧֻ˿
Ǵ̿ͼʱ˹ٴγ΢΢ҲͷһƾеĶ֣ͬӭϣɱ
֪Լƹɣ˹ĹǾԲǶ֣ԺǸɴ࣬Ͱһҵϣ˿˿
գ֮΢ѾǴ̿ͶԹУķ֮һ˻ٵٹ޸ûӲ֣޵ɵĸҲҲͽȻھԵĸǰǶҲǺ޻֮
˿ȻаףΪɱ΢ʮþȣҪ֪ȻһɣΪ޵Ĺʦָ㣬ҪնɱһҲֵȴû뵽΢ΪȻǽôá
ʱ䳤Ȼһ¸ϻǾˡ
͹΢ӦͬʱаҲˣҪɱ΢Ȼǲˡ
΢ΪԼĻҪߺܶ࣬ڿȫɻп΢ɱ
Ȼ²Ϊа׾ʹˡ
΢ҲԷͼЦһܣûţ
˿һʹ˽ϣǽߵĲһɢ˰΢ܷŹԷ
΢϶˿ȫˣȻˣ͸ܷŶԷ뿪ֵˣܻ׽׽ܻ׽ҲҪնɱ󻼡
΢̿ӦһɣѰɺ΢ԸȻҪһЩδزնɱԷ
Է⣬΢ʼ͹ʹֱѹԷ
аҲû뵽΢ѶԸҾȻԼˣȻܷʱаҲ˴΢ΪֹǺ൱ǱҪԸһ
ͷа׸ǾֲѣȻʱڲܣ뿪һ»ɡ
ԽǻţԽ׷
΢ʩչ񽣺޽͹֮̿Էһ΢ȸ֣һʤˡ΢ͻȻУսһС񷡯˲䷢Էն
Ҫ֪΢ˣ֮壬һɣһбȻɢаױϾһɣһնΪȻû̻飬ǲҽߡ
Ҳ˵ӣ֧һѾǲˡ
ֱڣаײ֪Լһô޴飬Ȼʮɱ΢ѹû뵽΢ʵϾȻһɻҪ
Ǵɱ
նǱ̺֮Ľնа׵Ĺ׻һֲܵĽ֮նɱһУа׾֪Լɣ˿дżȵԹ֮ɫ΢
΢ɱңҲ˶á
û˵꣬а׵ͻźǺгɢ˹ĹҲǿԲ𣬸˵΢޽⽣񷣬һ޽ɱУһаֵܵ
̿ͻɢɻ΢Ҳ˿˵ʵһս΢Ϊû뵽޹ĹɾȻ˵ȻԷֻһɣսѾǿˡ
ǰ΢ţɲܺɿʱ˿̣ڡʼߡһޡ
ֻϧԷɢƺΪ֮Լ˿統У֮Ĺɲ࣬Ҫ飬δز鲻
΢Կ϶̿ͺȫмԨԴ
˷սɱ΢ҲȫΪȻɹ̿նɱҲвٵطһֱʱڶٲŸǰʺ΢Ҳǣ˽֮⣬Ĺ࣬ûһĹɣǳæҲֵסԷһС
Ĳô¡


߰һʮ ηǱ
΢鿴һ£ԨƲأɻָǽأҲǽûֱܶ˺ģǹʿ޸ϾͲˣ˿ֽ԰ɫ΢óǻ
ˣҲֻˣ΢Ȼ൱ջ²ܾôˡ
ҴɱɳƷɹ٣Ǵ˵΢Ǽ˾٣ֻҪһȥ˾¶е顣
ٿҲҪʱ䣬΢ȲˡԷȻɳ̿ɱԼ˵Էʮգڴ̿ʧܣ΢϶ԷΪ˱Ҳ뿪Ӱץס
΢ѾƽϣԽϰźãаտ΢Լǿٷж硣·º򣬿ǽӾ֪Ѿжˡ
΢û°ɣ΢һ֮ɫ΢ҡͷʾԼްæŽº޴ˣˣ΢
·ϽҲ֪δɱϸڣĴŭֱҶɱɳ٣˭ҶҪۡ
ȻҲ΢гƶǰж磬ж磬綼Ĺš
һЩѾǲԶ
жµһʱжǵĽǣλ޿ɣΪڼ޵оףڣ΢ʮġ
΢λ޺һɷš
ɳһɴɱԼģ΢ȥҲֻɷţټɷ֮ǰڵ־ٶ΢϶ɷ⡣
Ȼ²ǲ²⣬΢ûʲô֤ݵģŴһҪ֪һԲ֮ǵɷһһɸ֣ǿ϶ȷǵɷı¡
ֻǵȵ΢޸ϵɷ֮󣬵ɷžѾȥɽգϸ̽ͿԿɷĹߵļΪæܶණûüȡߡ
һ
Ȼɷ飬ȻôӸ⡣һɽȻڵɷŵ֮طȫɾ񹩷һ£жǵĽɫΪѿû뵽µж磬Ȼȫһݵ㣬ʣɱ΢ĹҲȻǵɷŵĹޣɳ׷ж޾ӡ
׷ǽҷҲҪҳĽǷ˺ݣֻǴɱɳ٣󣬵ҲԿƣ¹ȫһ棬Ǿ飬Ҳǧˣ˵ɣҲ˵תĽǾǱ󲻵ģȻҲһɵȫɵɵͳ顣
һɵȫɵͬˮֻҪⷽ飬ɳϲ϶ưոݡ
΢˵Ҳֻܸһ䣬Ҳɳ򽪰ºĽǸǣʱµ΢һߣŵ΢ֵ̫󣬿ĽʶѾãϣȥ֮ͥԼ䡣
Ǻͬ˵ж޵Ĺ֮£ɷţĹžȻȫģ´ȥĽǼ֮ףҲػܵ𷣣΢ݲһˣ˾ٺͳ٣ǳ٣ʸ΢ƫһ㣬ôĽϵҪ˺ܶ࣬пܴ»СС»ޡ
˵ʵǱ飬΢δػ²ͬ΢λ޴˻Ǻ𾴵ģԼͨ츮ݺʱԳԼһ飬΢Ȼǡ
Ѱ죬¿˿ڣ΢Ҫɡ
޴˷ģ΢֪ô΢һƮȻȥ
΢ߺĽʱ߹м£ΪˣԸǴġ£΢ҲﲻʲôæҪ֪ɽ統Ҳв˹Ĺɣивٺɽйϵǻд£һ¡
֣Ǽ˭ַģ΢򵥵ģȻӦˣͿ϶з˵˾ôϵģͷӦЩ΢̻ˣԷİɡĽǵĲϣȣȴʮ㡣
ɽ죬֮ͥϣڶ೯ɹ緢飬˵գԴ΢Ѳ飬ϵû뿪


߰һʮ ʸ֮
Ǽ˾΢Ĵץ˲ȫļϸɳȻǺ£˭֪΢˴󹦣žʹ΢ϮЩɥϢò˾ȵͬʱҲаϲϣ΢磬ֻǺķչʼδ΢Ȼǽ̿նɱ׷Դ鵽ȫһݵ㡣
һ֪һĹͣ˭뵽΢ѲȻǻ࣬⼸ԶҪ㵽΢ϣԷӹܼ˾£û˾΢λӣ˭뵽΢ƫƫˡ
˵ȫϸϣ΢ȷܼһЩＵʣʻԼҲ΢̶ֳȡ
֮£΢˾λҲȵ࣬Ѿû˵УΨΪ΢覴ãΪ֮΢˵ˣҪϵ˭΢ǻ֮ƣ˭֪ǶãҲҲ˵˵ʮҲһζ
Ȼ˵΢ʱˣɹٶһᣬǾ޵λá
ɷôĹžȻȫľݵ㣬жĽǾȻ˿֪صʧְҪ֪Ľ֮ףһǲܺλõġ
ǶϷʵѾǳԽһˣѾ˶٣ڵλҲԺִᲢۣһʧְһžȫƲ˵ġ
ִ֮һĹ麣˾ΪħֻǴȥִ֮λεȻй֮֮ףҲõþĽǴȥжְ֮һͿԿճһλ
֮ףһҪĹλãǵõ磬˭ĶǾɳ֮ڣʸȾָλӵҲ֮٣ֻһ²͹ϵ
ԳῪʼ֮ǰλִ˾ͿʼˣԼǹޣȻ޷λӣɽ統УǿĹҲвٵġɽ쵱У֮ǻ죬Ƿ֮ĵط֮졣
ɽ統ǿĹޣ졣
˵쵱йɱߣ˹ĹҲв٣иһЩִ˵ĺʱȻǾͲףֵλǾ;ԲὫλøˡ
Եɷŵһ쵱вǿĹ֮ѾǵõϢЩɳйϵȻйϵܲһ֮λж޵λʱĴǵҲȻһȥʱĴǵ޾ͻճһλӣλҲС
Щûйϵɢ֮ɣʱҲĴݷóɹ٣ϣ˵ϻǾټһ£޳ɹɣ֮λҲǲһΡ
Խ⳯϶ڵɷ۵࣬һŭɷţȻǺĬĽϡ
ֵ¾вٹɣһɣ跢γֵʩ޼ȻûȴǴ⣬Ҫټ跢λ֮λȻǰҪĽ
˿λȫȻɺޣ˷ҲһһɣǱ¶ݣ˵ɷӪǧľݵ㣬ǿû̵ʲôô˴ô˵ζɳһ֡׷ԴΪȫжﴴɷţǧĪǾû˲ҿ¸ֵô˼
Ȼڹ⣬ֻһˣȻƲʲôζλõв٣ҪλǰǽĽԵһͷ̾вλȨصɹٸ
˵ҿжвжΣ¿ɲС£ɾô޶ãȻ´λᷢһﵽƷɹ˵
˵е飡
Ҳ飡
ɹǽڣȻĽǡĽǱϾ֮ףλһִ˶Ҫôһ㣬Ҫ׵飬ǵҲָգֻԲûɹٸˡ
ǲ˵Ľǵ֣˸ң˿һλִ˿ڵĽһεȷʧְˣɣϵ˵Ӧ÷ִ󣬿ʵʵҾӦÿһǲӦûж޵λˡ
֮ǰֻ˵Ҫ׷ΣλִѾǺԵı̬ǾҪˡ
΢ȻǽЩڶУ΢ĿǰοЩҪʲôŵѪζҰһ¶˺ҧ


߰һʮ һת
ΪѾӦ˽£΢ʱҲ뷨ӿܲܰﵽĽǣ˵ʵºĽǹϵ󣬾ɳУȫôϸ̽ӣҵɷӦֻϲȫˣĻֻҪԷעһЩܲõ
΢֪ȻԼҪĽǣÿ˵ٵȥͻи˸飬ʱԼҲǻ췦
뵽΢ǰһλˣͬţ΢һԡ
һֳȣ˵Ҳ֣΢һڣԭֵͥᾹȻǰࡣ
ΪĹ΢˿΢˵Ȼǻע⣬뿴΢˵ʲô
ڵ˿΢޷ҲǸһ£ϾĽǺ΢Ҳûʲôϵпܵǣ΢Ҳĳλж޵λá
ܶ뵽˶޽£˵ǽº΢ϵ˵΢ҲҪ侮ʯȽĽȻƾٽλ
ȻĿĺгͻĽǵĿһµģԼǵҲ΢˵΢ڹĵˣ˵ȱ˵ķء
Գϰ΢ȭһȻŵλˣ΢˷Ѳλ޴˵Ķ˷⹦ͣҲλ޴һݡ
һǰԺЦ΢ȻҪ潪վ̨Ϳʼ·ֹˡ
ֻһ̣΢һתܽɷܵģȴжĽݴˣոλԣ΢ҲüеĽݴ˵ȷΣǴȥж֮λҲʵʱĽݴҲô˵ģ΢ͥᣬλ˺ǣ˵ǲжˡ
˵ɶһ㶣ʲôĽԼˣǺ°ôо΢ԡ
˶ðһɲԾǼִҲüͷһ壬΢΢Ҫ˵ʲô
ʱ΢һ˼αֵ쾡£ȴǱȭֻ΢ȴǾܾĽݴˣţĽݴ˼жְ֮ȴΪǹؼʱ̣΢ΪĽݴˣִж˵ƿ硣
һĿɿڴ
΢˼˵˼ĽǾΣҪδǹ٣΢ܾˣǴ泯ܾˣĽǼжޡ
ƺ˼
΢ˣΪ˭жǰһ΢Ҳƣ泯΢ĵҲ̫ˡ
ʱǵĲѣΪҪ鷳Լϣͬ΢Ļвˣиɹаˬ΢Ѱ·ճ
Ǹ̨֮ϣλִҲü΢΢Ļ˵Ҳ̫ˣʲôĽǣ˶ûƿ磬ֻһ΢Ӧ˵𣿶һǴͥᡣ
˵仰ͥţЩɹٶǱ΢ŵĹǺ΢ʲô˵һŪþҪùģ΢ո˴󹦣ҲܻΪ⼸仰ú±ɻ¡
΢һȻЩҪ˵֮ǰȵ΢Ϊλ˶ͬ΢룬Ҫ֪ɷŵıɣΪɲ⣬˾֣ͽȫˣʵĸ󻼣ϱĴޣΪߵҲıɣϵɷŵδʤ㣬ҲֻĽǴ֮ΪſѹסЩȫ˷ɷűȻͼ󣬾ȻϮɱ΢ֱӻṥݼҲֻĽǴ˲ѹˣΪҴ˷ĽǴˣǵɷδػᶪһܣ˵ֱӶ֣һˣΣӡһʧأȻңʱȫٷͨݣʱͲʰˡ
΢һһ䣬˵ļΪˣƫƫеЩɹٶֻж޵λãƫƫȫʵв
ϸһ룬ƼĹɣҲıɣȻ˵ıѾһһ£δܳŵס棬΢ԼеҲֻĽɿס
˿̲˶ſĿɿڴϸһ룬ͷ
΢һЦֵΪ΢ŶĽǴ˼ִжųλҲȻ뵽һ㣬΢ŪЦˡ
Ǳߵȭͷ߬΢İ˱ڣСӸǵ˱˻ԣû˵
˵ʲô
˵΢˵˵˵Ĳԣ΢˵ĺеô˵ǲԣǴΪ룬η


߰һʮ ׼ϵ
˵΢е
ҲУȶ⣬ҳ΢飬Ҳֻ˵Ҳǣ˵ҲǣΨһľҧгݣ˳ƽĿڶŵһڶ
͵ͬܵɹٲ߼İһİָķ飬߸ϵļִˣҲǱ΢ҭ˵һĻڵȺ΢õɹǰЦѣиǽ΢Ͷء
ʱ΢һ仰˵ˡ
ոλȴ˵ĽݴΡ
ģٸոտڸɹٶǰ΢ĺĺʲô˼
һʱɫѿ΢ȴװոλҲеνǹǹ΢Ϊ䲼ͷ𷣣ͨ磬ͬʱĽݴ˴λΣ
˻һǵ΢˶㶣̾˿Ҳӿһ˿
΢
ⷬڰո˵ҪĽǵһӣϾ֮˵ĻǶϷ˵Ľʧְȴǲ𷣣öԷԭְôոոڶɹٱȻвˡ
ҾԻǨŭ΢΢λһ˵ͽǸո˵Ӷչ˵ˡ
Ǿ˵λ˵ûӦóʹֻֻǿͷ𷣣ͬʱͨ磬һոǼλ˵ӱסˣĽǵλҲסˡ
һ£ִ˶ͷͶȥ֮ɫոռд΢ɹ٣仰ҲĲ٣ͶȥĿ⡣
΢Ȼһס
Ƭ̼ž֮˴ƳĬִԼǣҸ顣
Ҳ飡
û飬ʵǺڵİ׵Ķ΢˵ˣ΢ĻǴΪأֻҪɵͲ飬Ȥǣ֮û˹΢һ㣬ʵǲ˼顣
һγ֮УͻȻðĹ΢еʱǴһЩɽдеǴһ޴ǧɶߵĹзеǴĹ

˾ṩ鱨˾ʺ̣ɷŵ֮鶼˾΢һЩ
ʱ΢ֻҪʱͻ
˵Ҫϵɲ˵󻰣΢ȷҪôϵ֮±ǼѣϵĵԽ࣬ɹʾԽ͡
΢㣬Ҫϰ˵ɡħ䡢塢ʦ塢𡢽ȻǱȱ˺ϵҪϼѡ
£΢Ҫϵٻöʮꡣɵĸµһö𵤣΢аտʮꡣ
Ȼ΢̣ħħħű䡯޳֮΢ħﵽһߵĵزϵȻҪѡһΪеɣɵΪ
΢ҲǴô
ʱ;Ϊһ塢䣬û𣬵ʱǳƵɡ΢һκǸһɵĴ̿ͼսҲ򣬾ʹչغϵˡ
ɳٵĲ£΢ʥ棬չغϵǴ£ɳλִҲܲӦʣ˵΢վŵĸ˭Ҳϵѡ
Ȼ˶Ϊ΢ӣҲǳһ£Ͼ˺ϵһγɹȻҲνɵ˵ˡ
߼Ϣֻ֮Цһ΢±˵󻰣ϾԼҪ˵ϵǲһΣԼҲ֪޴档ǵһκϵȻʧܣùˣҲܲܣȷ磬˵΢֪ȻʧܣֺϵΪװӣҪ˿ģôҴҪ֮Ҳûˡ
ʵϲø߼ɿ𣬼֪΢Ҫչغϵ˶ôģϾ΢һҪչغϵȥִ̫٣ǰո˵Ҫϵһ¾ҪչأΪ˿ġ
ɳ߹ϢҲҡͷ΢вŸɺֶΣȴ̫ҪˣôװӶҲûʲôôϾᣬ鲻㰡߼һͷðļɻ䡣
˵΢ҪԼɸչأпֵ˲´׼΢֮ſڣ֮ú΢ӡ
ڵ΢ѾҪռõԴΪ΢ĹλõĵҩȥȡΪĿǰƷɹٵĹλÿ¶й̶ϣ˵չأȻֻƷȴǼ˾٣ҲǰƷɹٵı׼ġ
ʯ΢Ҳв٣˵Դϲ÷Ϳ˵ıˡ
Ȼڱչ֮ǰ΢ȥ˿ϡڽɸ֮ˣΪԽϻָٶȷǳ


߰һʮ ؾ֮
ʱ΢ͻȻ֤Ժͼ֤ʱ⣬ʱԼĻҲأ˵ȽϵҪٱʱԼȴǻָˡ
õľһöصĽָ
뵽΢ӦԼˣؽָȻԿ޸ԼĻҲ԰｣ϻָ
뵽΢ðɣȻǱչҲղ
ȥӣʱǱ棬ɫЩȣ΢Ǳæ
ӣǱҲݴ΢ɸĹܼңΪ±΢˼˾Ҳ£ԾͰæ
׷½ֻнԲŰʦ΢ѧϰ⡣־ɳ;Լ΢Ҳ̤˵һǱȴԭ΢Ҳ֪ȻʦΪǱʹʧˣǱϲǱУµ⣬Ҳ;޸У΢˷ӽ⡣
Ǳ˵ҪԼң΢ҲͬˣǱϣֻ׷½ϰ䣬Ҳ漰΢ָо˵УǱĳɾͻߡ
ȥϣ΢˵꣬룬кŨҵҩζ֮⣬Ҳǹɣ΢ɽ磬˿̰޸ꡣ
˰ֱҲڣƽɸУֱǳͨȥľȥģ΢Ҳûȥ
ӣ
ϣ
΢ֱ߽æֱڱǰ֣ƺ˭Ļӣ΢ǰǾԵ˳ӡ
ôˣ΢ʣǱһɴˣԷǿҲð죬ڣֻ꣬ʮԻָ糣
ʮꣿ
̫ˣڽ˵ôʮ΢ҲǹⲻȥʱҲΪֹǸһɴ̿ˡ
뵽΢ҵͽϴһ
⣬ȥֱҲǸ˳ȥȵֻʣ½ϵʱ΢ȡһöؽָ
˵ʵָ΢в²⣬ϿػģҲֻؾˡ΢ؾʵأ˵Լһöָһ޶˵΢֪רԼͽָǸ˾֮һĺ΢Կ϶õؾ֮ʯɵĽָ
˵вͶģҪ֪Ҳɣ֮һͶģжĽǣʣµģҲֻһˡ
Ǿǵؾ֮顣
뵽ǸСȹСӣ΢ʱԷһҲֻſ͸Լؾ֮ʯĽָ
΢ǣȥָʱֱ֪Լ֤ʧһ
ֻԴ֮󣬼ļǶԼϴȥѲ鶼ûмĵ棬͸΢ȷǼڹԼ
΢ûǿԼ¸ԭܼ򵥣ǵؾ֮黹ǼģԼӦöûʲô⣬෴ʱָԼڹ֮ˡ
˿΢ȡؾָȻʩչڽͷһԹָͬʱ΢һץͽϵ⡣
ûֶεģ֮󣬿ԿȻûʲôˣȴ˺ۣȻȼ㣬ȴǺѡ
˿΢һ˲ʱӵؾָӿһǿҪڣʱͻȻһ΢
ͣ£Ҫˡ
΢һæֹͣŤͷһ̿źСȹĵؾ֮վԱߡ
΢Ŀɿڴؾ֮ôûԼȻ˿ûв
ͼСŮһӣǽ΢ӽָȡɢָֻãò˵ģΪλûιԶҩһʱɣѾȡ
΢һؾ֮鲻ƭ˿ҲҿԷʱֹľͺ˽һ
лѣ΢лһ䣬ؾ֮Сһ׮ҪҪҰæ
΢һϲѾ³СŮǵؾ֮飬Ҫ֪ؾҲеؾ֮æȻá
ãˣ΢˵꣬СŮһЦһû뽣ϲСһ̣ӿȻֻƬ֮ͽƵ޲ϡ
΢״֪Ѿɣæһ뽣С
΢֪Ҫ˶ýϾͿѣָ


߰һʮ ˫ͷ
ʱ΢һŵؾ֮鹪һ񣬵¹΢ݼؾˡ
ؾ֮СŮЩ񣬵֪ˣô֪ǵؾ
΢аЦСŮĴȻû䣬ϴؾ˼΢µˡ
СŮ棬㾹Ȼ֪ˡ
˵꣬ȻŤȥ
СԸ΢һʱ֮Ҳǲ֪ô˵ûк庢ӵľ顣
Ҳܲ˵΢ʵؾε¹ģ
СŮŤͷ£
΢ܲ²϶ͨǵؾָϾǽָӦþǵؾһɵģԵؾͨͨýͶӰֱ׾١
΢ѧˣ֪Ҳװ֪Ҳ²ؾ˿ɷ֪΢
Ų㣡СŮǵ⣬۾Ц΢ԽǱ¶֪ӣԽǲ˵Խǵ⡣
΢һΣȻûˣҲȥչسϵˣʱŽ
΢ãؾ֮϶ҪԼҲͣһؾ֮ƺѹûҪ˼ȵ߾ȻҲǿһ
΢ħ˾ļλɹ
΢˵ͷ˵ؾ֮һۣһνҲû˵ʲô΢Ҳʱӭ͡
ξٺɽͶ飬ڡ
Ȼ֪΢ҪչأԸ֮ǰ̽Ǵõɵ飬ξٺɽͶѾ΢֣Ҳûʲôɽ΢ģھͲһˡ
ɵУڶһĸ֣Ȼ˽ݻ΢Ǵľ΢Ȼ΢κϵִ̫٣ܳɹܸ΢һ㾭ҲǺõġ
ߺʥҲˣҲʥҦʥ˫Ҳˡ
˫ǽʥԺ֮ǰ̽΢һ˫۾ŨŨ⣬ȴֲұ¶΢֪Ŀ࣬Ҳֻˡ
ʥҦʥҲ֪΢Ҫϵʥ䣬ϣ΢磬ϵʱɹҲҪһ㡣
ȻΪ΢á
ߵʱ˫ں棬һ΢ִ磬κϵһСģǲɣҲǧҪǿ㻹лᣬ˵е˺ϵһСĿִܻǧСġ
ó˫΢鼫ר΢һ棬΢ļð
΢˵ͷǰʥҪعͷ˫æɿ΢Ȼ󼱴Ҵ뿪ȵߺ΢˿һ˫ոĵġ
һɷ
΢УɷŨܺĸ֡
һױдıܻɷ˫㵽ģ΢Ϊȣ뵽һ˫ΪԼȻҵȥȡֵʩ޼취ﵣɷҲдȶ
˫ȻȻָһıԣͬҲںǵԸͼ䣬Բ¶ѭ浸أ΢뵽˫ԸǳȣȻɷ϶аղ˷֡
΢ҲСĽɷպá
ͬʱУֵɿһλɹ̵ɷʱ򣬾Ȼһǰֵױдһܻ
ľٲһ飬ȷһš
ֲѣҪ֪ɿ˶Ӧõһʱȥֻܳȥһͣ
УܸߵɹѪɫǳ˽ʩ޼Ǹ߶ԷȻҪù
ΪһŰǰһɷ˹٣ܶ˭Ҳɵֻһɷֲʲôɱ˵Լˡ
ǶɱһЩ𵤣ֻһżòŵɷȴǿ
룬ɹΪԼǰ;һǾǵ֪ͬʱʩչɷɿĵУһɷļ¼Ĩ
΢Ȼ֪ΪѾʼ׼Ҫչˡ
һʼؾ֮͸΢ߣ˭һĸҲС
˵Ϊ¹ؼǽָϡ
˿̵ؾ֮һιҪϵ
ǣ΢ͷ
֤ã͸Һϵؾ֮һĲţ뵽ʲôֵΪβʲôãδرһɵ

΢뵽ϴ֤ʱΣգҡҡͷ˵΢뿪Ϊɹ֮󣬰˵ὫؾϵԼĹΪӦֹǰʵ΢ɹ֮ɿ
ʱ΢ͻԼֲûдӵؾ


߰һʮ չ
˿̵ؾ֮ôһ˵΢֪Լֿ϶ڵؾϣ΢ʱȷûˡ
ϴ̫Σգеؾָ޽ˣ΢ɡ⼸꣬΢ķ⼸;ϣѾ˺ϵıԵȻǸûʱ
ؾ֮ô𾢵ķݶϣ΢Ҳ˵ʵֻǵҪ˾٣Ϊſɡ
ԭǺãû¿Ϊ㣬Ҳǿϴһķϣģڣϵûģؾ֮˵
΢֪ؾǿٵʱڵĸȻǷͬ죬Ȼؾ֮Ҫ£΢ҲֵˣҲܸ
΢ͳĸֱͰǽһչҡ
˺ϵʱרƵͭӣɣȻ󣬵Ҳ㹻á
棬΢ǰͳĸֱ
ǹɣĸֱǿɵĳ֮ɣϾûһ⡣
ܿ΢ʽչصϢʹˣ˶ſ֣뿴λ䶯ɽĵ˾ܲܺϵ
ȻΪ΢Ȼʧܵռ˾˲²΢ڶ೤ʱʧܳء
΢ҵϥͭдģԸһЩ̽飬棬΢赣ı飬ֻҪרɡ
κϵ΢Ѿг񣬺ϵĿھѾμġ˿̣ؾ֮һԣ΢ϵ
Ŀ΢Լ⼸ȫһ飬Ϊħͬ壬΢Ҳı˿ħʱϵ֮϶ΪһʱҪ־͸ˡ
ɵ΢Ѿ£˿ħڶħħű䡣
ȥļʱ΢һֱ͵͵ħű䣬Ѿ۷壬˷΢Ҫ൤ҩͻħı䡣
£΢գ֮䣬Ѿȥһ£΢ҲǺǽħűı䡣
ˣϵ׼ˡ
΢۾ĿǳٴαϣһΣ΢һΪĵط΢Ϊռ䣬Ҳӿռ䡣
΢Լħģ̨ҲԼ𵤣ʥ⡣
Ҫϵý;϶ΪһϵԽ࣬ȻԽѡ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ýԼеĵ;γ΢һǰֳһѽĳһ̣һ֧ʣʦ
΢˵ȫΣνˣ˿һĻȻĿɿڴԹǻû˭ܺϰ˵ɡ
֪һ΢ϵɹᵽεȳ̶ȡ
˿΢һһ̣һ׼õǬӴ򿪣澹ȻǷɳ˳ɰǧöʯ
ʯɽͬ˽ʯһõĸеʱ㣬ҲԽʯʩչ
ѰˣڴȴûжʯģɵҪͻƾ磬ʯǱز٣Ҫαɶȹ׽٣һ˶ûϰٿʯϣɹȥ
Ϊˣܶɽ˲ҪѴʱΪԼƿٽ磬꾡ռͻʯҪϵɣҪ׼ǧöʯƷʯҲ١
΢̤֮ɳ;Ϊ˿ԽʡЩ鷳ɹ٣ʯٺ»΢õʯʹҲֵϱʮĻˣټڡξٺɽһںѵ΢ʯѾͻƷʯǧ֮ޡ
΢һһξǧʯƷʯ٣֮еʯһγһľʯ壬΢ǰȻ֮۳һ΢üġ
ռ䵱У˿΢Щʯϵھɶ¯񷨡֮䣬һһɸߵԲ¯ǰ
˺ϵһҪأһ¯أڶڵأأĳأϵء
ǺϵḶ́ҪһһȫͨܳɹϵһʧܣǾʧˡ˿̣΢ǵ˵һ¯ء
΢ʣ֮ɶ¯յͨ죬ԽԽ൱Ϊֶεġ
һЩʵǿˣܶʱһκϵʧܣʧɶ¯ϡ
ΪҪҪ֮бʵùӲһ᲻ɹϵȻʧܡ
˵а˳ɵһκϵʧܵˣ档
΢һκϵһȴǹΪףҲ΢ͬɣһϣ΢ԼҪЦԼˡ
˿̵һѹͿʼڶء


߰ٶʮ ϵ
ڶǾ;Ҳڵء

Щ;ĶͶɶ¯Уڻɡ
΢һھɶ¯򿪣΢ħģ̨𵤣ʥ⣬𽣣̻ʦĻʣһƷȫͶɶ¯С
ž
ɶ¯¯Źرգ΢ʼ߶𣬽տںΪһ塣
ھǵڶصĹؼʱ̣Լòĵ;ڻǼΪյģԲעͿʧܣãΪ١
΢һʱɣڶؾûôˡ
ʱƣ΢ͷѾҪİ˸;Ѷȿ֪Լ
ĲΪΪһػмʹ࣬ǿȥȻʧܡ
΢˿Ȼǵ;Լܻһ㣬Ϊʹ࣬΢ܣͬʱҪάһֹͣǰ
˵;࣬õҲͲ࣬΢ҪԼİ˸;֪ҪȱҪ
ܿ죬ǧʯѾ֮ľ˷ɻң΢æٴȡʯ䣬һΣ΢ֱȡǧٶöƷʯ
㹻ʯ֧ţ֮ԽʢֳɹٵĺôɽЩɢɣµʹʯãʯҪôǷϹɸһʺơ
ǹʮʱǹһٸʱ΢ͷʯһյʱڣɶ¯еİ˸;ȫ
΢죬ʣϵĵڶأ΢Ҳˡ
ʱ΢ʱϢΪŵľǵأء
νǽ϶Ϊһ
˿΢˫ſ䷨˲֮Ϩɶ¯飬һ壬ʼѹǰ˵Ҫ
ʱȻոôΣգʧܵĿԸΪ˵пܷߣʱǼɵҪǿĵȳΪһ
Իһ
˵΢ʱðһͷһȫķҲڴˣһ򷨹һϵһȫȻҲкϵ֮˵ȴвͬϲһȫ棬档
Ȼ΢ˣ˿΢ȻҪ˸һһ֮󣬲ܽһء
ҪΪһףҲΪ
ո΢ԽʯʱͲˣɵάһѹ΢ȡǬƿһģʱɵͬˮһɳ΢ſһϰö
ɵֱͱȳԳҪɢɼ΢˳ɵȻǻܼҡ
ɵܶʱ͵ǷֲģΪʲôΪͻƣܶʱ벻ҩԺܶûʲô̵˱ΪΣ
˵ˣΪû˰ֻܻѴʱȻ߱ɽ󴨣ժɲҩҸε깣ü۸񲻷Ƶĵ¯һˣһ¯٣Ǽʱǰæ
ӹÿ࣬ȴǺܶ˵ʵдա
΢ͬλȨأɳרŵĵ˾רŸƵҩɳҩҪ֪ɳҩ԰ҩĵط˵ֵҪɹٲģֻ֪Լ˵ʵʮҲһ޳ɡ
ٺ»ϱģ΢ɵʯһࡣ
ԳŻôĺ޼ɵΪƿевš
һ߰˴Σÿһζöɵ΢ҲоյĶϵĵأ˵ɹ
˿̰˵֮Ѿ΢ǿΪѹƳΪһһͨͨʵȴǼΪ
ǡ
Ҳ΢⼸˹֮⣬еΪһС
ʱϵɹֻأĹأǳء
Ҫһ֮ѨȻ󷵻ǿԽ뵽һء
ףʵףҪ岻ףʹǸףм䲻κβأҲʧܡˣʱٴκϵֱӻΪӴ˳Ϊˡ
ȻʵǿᣬɷأҪõǿҲŷա
˿΢Ȼͣ£պϵĿھһһ̣һҪ΢塣
棬һֱĵĵؾ֮˿ҲͻȻӦ΢૵ɣ£Ȼ͵˳ˡ
˵꣬ͼ΢ͷͻȻһ󴩹ͭңɳɸʡ


߰ٶʮһ ϵ
ϵһӳ񷡣
΢ĺϵһɳɸͬʣȻǾһЩ͹ע΢ϵˡ
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Щ˺ܶ඼ԸϵȻ˵΢ڵһ˲ִٵºϵɹǾһ
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˿ֱǺϵһž˲ˣܿϢʹ˳ȥ
Ǿ΢ȻѾϵصеĵĹء
ʲô΢˵ĳˣҪ˵˭΢ϵĶǵ߼ˣҲǴٴκϵΪǰζʧˣԽЩ΢ģ˵һκϵһҪϣͱɹᱻ΢Ц
ǰ΢չغϵ߼˴˵΢װӣװװĹأҲû˭ˡ
Ҫ֪߼ͷһκϵʱһضûжɹȥ΢ô쵽ģȻѾ˵Ĺء
һɣô͵ΪؼĵأǾǺϵء
һأ΢ͳɹˣԷˡ
ԲУ߼ɫǷҪԳҵַɳĵ
ֻҪ΢ͱ˵ɹδܱס
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ϵһһٶȣٶȣ˵ͨ˺ɣһδ׷˵ˡ
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ȥ΢ɸſڶ֣ǿҪʵġ
Ҫ֪ڶ΢˿ɲ٣ѡǸص㶯֣ǽԼƤӵ£̫ױ¶ˡ
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Ϊ΢̫ߣһšԶԷһξͳ嵽ĹأҲûпܡ
ǾţҪһκϵͳɹ˵Ĺغ͵أҲǼûпܵģУҲǧ궼ѳһ˼˭ǻ۶ʮϡ
΢֤Ŷãʱ䣬͸ҺϵһԳɹǳɹɹǰأҲԳŲĹغ͵ء
ֻϵصĿֲ֪صա
뵽߼Ƿ˳ȥɱ΢ǺϵһͷĶĿ΢ɸ̽һϢ̻
΢˵ĹأҲɫѿĺ͸߼һģҲΪ΢ɲĺ͵ء
΢ͦסħ˾ںξٺɽҲǰи΢
ʥԺڣʥҦʥ⣬˫Ҳ鷿֮ڣȻ飬ȴһֶȥ۾ŵ΢ɸڵķ򣺡ִ磬ǧҪǿ
ԺڵĿɶҲǽĵȴϢ˵˾ˣڶϣ΢Գɹ
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졢졢죬죬죬죬졢Ŷ죬졣
ɽ죬ȫһȦ̿Ҫ죬ҲҪʮ죬Բܳһ£ɢʱͱȻʧܡ
غĵ죬΢ĵǷ˻ɸΧ˶һĻǼæĿȥ
ˣԣϺһа΢군ˣɽ죬µľմȾаһմȾϣ˵ȻʧܣϽͨ߼ˡ߼ĶĿһĻϲޱȣǷųɸ봫ɷ
һ߼͵õϢһ΢ĵմȾаǽķŵ˶Ȼ󿪻Ц
Ϊ֪ȻҪմȾаĸʲ󣬵һմȾϣǼٷְҪʧܵġ
֮ǰȷģڣˡ
õϢȻ˻ϲǣ˵΢մȾаʱ֪ã壬ǸоһģͷĿѣЩԵڵء


߰ٶʮ а
ϼأ˺ϵڵĹس飬ϵһɽ죬ڵ֮У⣬֮ϵؽнѣһɶ¯̣аϵ֮衣һϵΪҲ
Ҳ˵ϵѣڶǳаһմȾǾͱźϵˡ
˿΢մȾа
ܿв֪ϢȻ˭֪΢βܳɹˣе˿Цеҡͷ̾
ȴ˵΢մȾа֮󣬵壬ǸоһĺͷĿѣһ±˵ϵǱ״̬
΢Ҳ֪а˵һմȾϺϵͱˡ΢ȴ֪ûоԵľκ鶼лأֻ֮ѡ
ʱ˼΢ʱȴܱһ֪ڵ˹ؼʱ̣Ժԥһѵɵҩͬʱȡ˫аɷ߶
ɷⶫɽ洦ɼ˵ֻҪ΢һ׭֮˶ƣĶеʱҲõģΪɷⶫͨСȡ˵Ϊ
ͬһɷһαƳľһλƳģǾҪõı
˵΢һɷֵʩ޼Ƴģʩ޼ʲôΪǺĸһĽ֮Ƴɷֻ֪򵥵аҲԷӳ
˿΢һɷǸܵһɻϣΪаֲʸǼࡣ
ã΢дϲ˫Ūһɷû뵽ӳ˴ã΢ʼȫɱԼմȾа
ֻ΢Լаû취Ҫ֪аɽ絮ʱ֮һֻٶѣ˵΢ڵΪڳɣ˶δӦаȻаҲ֮ܳΪϵ֮һˡ
΢ʩ޼ɷаĿԣҪаֻþ
˿΢һȻȡöɢŵʯ
ǼƷʯ΢ЩҲżȻ㵽飬˵΢һЩûУ˵磬ѹûּƷʯ
һöƷʯԻöƷʯһмС
Ϊ˴߶а΢ҲǻȥˣöƷʯֻҪܳɾͺϵɣ˵ٶ΢Ҳá
Ϊһжˡ
Ȼɷ΢ȼճԸаǸ֮һ΢ĺϵһһ𣬺Ѹ
ʱһɼΪϢͻȻ΢ڣһ΢ؾ֮ܵԼʶС
˿̵ؾ֮۾¿˿Ȼ˵΢߶
Ϊؾ֮΢ϾȻǴ˿˿ʱЩаҲԽķ񣬲ϵմȾ΢ĵȥ΢ĵҪɢˡ
ʱ߼һЩɹѾ΢ɸ֮⣬߼ȻǲŹԺݺݴ΢ĵĻᡣ
ʲô᣿
Ǿ΢֮󣬵һʱͱ΢ǵ˵΢Ʊô΢ôүүҪ΢˵˴ֺ֮ϵʧܻĳ֮㻹˵ʲô
һ뵽һԺݺݵش΢߼һ⣬֮΢ɸſѾ˲ɹ١
Ȼڵ΢أ΢ѣҲе˺ͶͷһȻҲˣ߼͵һЦʺãߴˣɫϲ°
˾ٱĽ߼һ䡣
ʱԱһɹЦߴкϵĴ㣿
߼ͷǳϡ
ߴǳﱸѾã˷ȻԺϵɹǸɹ˵һĻ󻰷һתϵɲǶϷ˵Ͼܺϵģƣƫаڳ˿ˣҲඡ
ָ˭ѾǲԶ
߼˸Ǹˣ⼸ڱչغϵһΣȷоųɾŵİաǱչغϵ֮ǰܺúñһ΢Ȼֵˡ
ͬʱ΢ڱչҵüͷалҪԸаɷԼʹüƷʯɻټϵؾֽȻҲ޷аȥ
ʱ΢ðһͷ


߰ٶʮ аľɽ
΢ǣȻ޷аǾͲˡаҲɽʱ£΢δ¡
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ȻˣΪаǺϵľǾۺɣ˿ƫƫҪаȻѱȵ죬ìܡ
뵽΢̳ȥа𣬵ؾ֮һҲͨЩĿ΢
΢Ļشֻһ仰ȻǾһںˡ
ؾ֮ϸһ룬ҲǾеǿٵʱ͵˵ڵʱȵϾʱ仹磬ȻԵûʲôо΢ҪȥЩа֮ͰæǾͲæ
Ȼ΢ܱ״̬ҲǶһ˫ɷȻɷ޷ȥаȴǿԱ΢̨а֮Ӱ죬ٲͷΡ
˵΢뷨Ǿǽа֮һںϣһ΢ȴЩͷҲûʲô취
ʱ΢ԼʲôƺӸտʼʹڣֻΪ΢ûע⣬˿ϸֱһ΢̷Ӧ
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Ҳ˵һö̺һ֮
֪ⵤҩжԵ
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˿Ǹմа֦ѿ˿̾ȻûбʴһգȻǲϴ΢֮Ȼǻһ΢ʶռ䣬ıչҡ
ؾ֮Ҳæ׷˳ûֹ£൱棬ⶫ΢Զĺܽ
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ֻ⽣ܲѰǳаɽһаɽ
ľ֮󣬾Ȼɢ⣬ͭҸ޷赲Ȼǽ©⡣
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ˢˢͭΧͱǽնۡҲֱӦ٣ȻȻᱻ⽣նУʱǹҲɡ
ɸ⣬ڶҲܵ⽣һʱ֮Ҳסˡ
нĪ΢ɽ
ɣϵĹؼʱ̣ܻʱɽ
ǰ˵մȾаӦԹ˲Ͼﻹʱ͹ɽ
ɲ⣬ܸԭ


߰ٶʮ ϵɳ
ٿչҵУľǸֲմȾа֮仯һѽģ˿ϵƯ΢Χ
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ڳһؿ΢Ȼ֪ȴǸܵһѪڷԼ
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˿΢ڳϵأҵΪҪĹͷ
أҲһصʱҪľǽϵһ⡣
ν⣿
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΢һҪ֪Ϊĵ;ӦǱΪߵһֵ;΢ɵǺħڵģħͬޣһŶԡ
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΢̷ѣǲѡһɵѡʲô;
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ʦñ̿УʦҲ΢֤ȻˣΪβѡʦΪ
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Щͷֻ΢һ£΢̾˾ǾѡʦΪԼ
ɣǾͳɣʧܣûгֵ֮裬ԼҲˡ
΢ĸ𵤵ҩЧڣ΢ʼһأϵء
ĸ޾֮΢ӻ㲻ӻʱЩ֮Ҳɢȥ˿΢ʼתԼĺϵһԼĵ⡣֮ǰĹأؾѣȴʱһء
Ϊϵϵľǵ⣬Ҳһͷһͷʱ䣬жãһ˲֮䣬һ
һ̣΢Լĺϵһ仯һγɵӰӰòȴǿԿļ׵
Ǿǵ֮裬֮裬СˣҲ˵һ£Ǿ΢ϵɹˡ
ûгҲûеضɽҡһ΢ϵɹ֮ûκα仯֮ǰʿ޵֤Ҫ׽٣ǵһѾ赣׽١ܹ˺ϵ޹أѾܵ׽٣ֽѵΣճ̶ȱϵ׽Ҫöࡣ
Ժϵɹ֮ȻΪɣȴûʲôر
˿΢ϵɹǸܵԼķ֮ǰٶʮϡ
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Ȼĳɹˣ˲𣡡ؾ֮˿ҲԵ˵Ȼϵգ֪˶ϵż⣬뾡ʲô취þʲôֶΣ޷Խż
һԾȥǴӴ˾Ͳһˡ
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ԭֶΣȻַӣȽаΣԼһɽһá΢Ҳ̾һаľɽаȻǱѰ


߰ٶʮ ޵
΢ɹ٣۽Ȼܿɽţëкüڵɹ٣Ҳһɽ㲻ǽɣɽҲɽһַС
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΢֪ȻаľɽɽʱĽ
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͸߼һɹˣȻ΢ٵĿԺСҲǰʡ
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ûһȻΪ˿ûи֮ܵ
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ۣⷬڣɶξٺɽǴŭ΢ȴ΢΢һЦ߼
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΢ЦˣЦĸ߼ľŵԭˣǾߴ˼һ£ĳǲɡ
˵꣬΢ͻȻԼϢѹųͬһȭѹ߼
˲΢Ʊǣһ´ڵ㣬ͬһ棬ǰһ뻹Ƿƽ˾һѾͻȻðɸߵĺХӭ˹
߼ɣôͻȻһ±ǵ˲ѹ壬Ȼͨһ¹ڵϡ
һЩɹҲǱϢĻζѣЩԵ
΢ɿǻʵҲΣպɵľ磬ȹ̣ʦΪʵȻǿޱߡ˵һССĸ߼ǵ΢Ҳǿѹˡ
ǵɹ򲻵һ֮΢Ķ֮Լɡ
˿̸߼ӦǱվովȻ΢֮ѹùڵϣܴ裬Ҳٽˡ
ԭܼ򵥣΢ڱǿǹλΪҲԶø߼ܵǣ޵ݣΪʹ΢ȴû뵽ʯͷԼĽţԼԽȥˡ
ȡ裬ʱ߼һԹ޵ľ΢Ϊһжǰ΢ͣڶԹ޵ȴǵ
ոյȻǿ΢ϵɹˣȴûԼȻԼҲôͷôǰ
¸߼޵ҧݣҲֻǻ뿪˵һ仰


߰ٶʮ ش
ȵ߼һ֮ǱξٺɽЦ߼Ҳ죬ϧ˭ȲãҪִ˱ȣֱȡ衣
ڵжԵ˶ԾûȤˣʣµĶǺͬţ΢ҲСȫɸǱͽŪϲ֮͡
ͬʱ΢ϵɹϢͬ˳һĿٴ˳ȥ
Ϣ˶һӣ㵺ͲţȻǶû뵽΢Ȼĺϵɹ
ĸɹһϲЦտ΢ϵɹƺԼϵɹҪˡ
Ϣĸ֮ĸȻҲƬ̣ĸҲû뵽΢Ȼĳɹˡ
ɶĸһĸ˵ȻǲֵһĴڣҲ֤֮ҩϵжѣʮһɾѾǲˣҴҪ׼ʮϰпܳɹ
΢˱飬Ҳ֤ĸ˵۹⡣
֪뿪֮ĸúãҹȻûп
ĸ˵꣬ǰͻȻһƣӲƵ߳һˡ΢ﶨȻϳĸɹӡ
ĸǼѾǲˡ۷ΪҲֻһ֮ңȻ֮ǰĸһЩ飬˿ظġ
ӣĸҲǱһô˵
룬СԿ϶ʩ޼ѾȫᣬҪʲôҲ֪ʩ޼Ȼͼı
⻰ĸ̾˿·ѹǧصһðŵв͸¶ȥʩ޼һɵֵ֪ɳνǧ֮Ѩʩ޼ѨҪö࣬ӣ㣬Ϊ֮ʩ޼Σ
ɫЩȻΪȴǲʩ޼ǽ֮𣬶ҽ֮λδɣ֮ȣ
ĸͷУɵִƵ֮λŶ졢ͻĵ֮ΪɺҪභ¶ʩ޼Ķ֣Ҳֻʤʩ޼һʩ޼֮ѲϣбɳǾˡˣðɡ
һ㶣뵽ʲôæĸ˼˵
һᾡʩ޼һͬǰս磬һɱ֮Ϊѳְֻ֪ȫɱܼɶ־ϲߡĸ˵дһ˿ɫ
˿ҡͷĸʩ޼ԶɣδؿȥΪ֮Ϸ취ﵣһ
ĸһЦұ˵ҵɵ۵ټʩ޼Ϊ֤ٱȻȥΪǿȴңӾܿġ
ӿһ£˵ͷֵǴҪҪꣿ
Ҫ֪ԽԽãһˣһ꣬꣬ʱҲɳ򣬾ҪˡĸȻ̬ȼҲûжȰֺγ֪ȷϲߡ
ʩ޼ɳǿɲѰ飬ԷǾ֮һΪ˵ɳĸǸٹ̣һԷѣԿ϶ɳȻңʱȫٴⲿʩѹ֪Ρ
ֻڴ֮ǰв
ֵʩ޼вһɳҲֻܳ󻼡
˻ʩ޼Ķ֣ĸ϶ԣΪĸΪǹϵĽɵһѾ޽ӽ֮
˵֮£ɳҲֻĸ֪˭֪ȹ̵ɳѾǷƮҡ
΢ɸɺع΢֮󣬼ɫҲǷ׷׸ǡ΢ûм˫Ȼֳϣ˫ʺˡ
ûߣ΢֪ԷȻлԼȵ˶ȥ֮ڲŵ΢˷ɾɣ˾ٵλÿ˵̩ɽˣٹһ±ĸ޶ӣʱҶӦûӴ٣תΪ٣ɳĹأһʽһ˾٣㲻ټְ񣬵ʱħ˾ٺĳپҪóˡ
΢һҲɳȷ涨ȻҲܲҪĹλһ˰ռǵȻǲС
һ˵£΢žʲô˼ˡΪڶԽߵѡϣһɹٵ൱ҪģָĳˣȻʱָ˭ͨͥſԡ
ڿ϶뷨
΢ڵĹϵ˵ȻǲҪĨǣ΢ֱʵڴ˴Σ
һЦֱ˵ħ˾˵ʵʱдҵλӣΪħ˾Ӱ㶼˾ħ˾Ҫǿһѡֻ


߰ٶʮ Ӱѡ
ҴƼɽħ˾١ڴ˿˵΢һ֪ڶǸɺ⣬ɹ΢ҲϵãԷƷħ٣ڵһġ
΢֪Ϊ˳ȣѵõʮǰѾϵɣȻҲΪħ٣ڽħɹٵУڶڣõóֵľǿս
ҪΪħ˾٣ΪսǵһλģȻһǺϸġ
ҪλȻôףȻڿ϶Ƽ϶ħ˾λӵɹٿɲ
ڲŻԼ£ҪԼͬ⣬Ȼڳϰһѡ΢Ȼ岻ݴǣƼĸɱʸʵħ˾٣ڹ˽æҪ
˵΢湲ͬ壬΢ҪƼ˵٣ȻҲȫ
΢Цɿԣһ֧֡
򵥵İ˸֣΢̬ȣ㹻ˡڵ˵ͷȻһɹٱ䶯ľһĹλ䶯Ǵ£⼸˵˻ţëҪס⣬кѡ
΢ͷȷкʵƼѡǾʥԺҦʥ
ҦʥڹλҲǰƷƷƷһƷѶȲ󣬿Ҧʥʥ֮Ĳɺ鷨⳯ҲǴ´࣬㹻ʤˡʥλȴǺͳٲͻԼˣɳһ
˫΢ȻҲλ˫ҶԷֵʩ޼һϵģԼƼ䵣٣˭ġ
΢ƾҦʥİ
ںһҲͷҦʥȷǳʺϣҲʥʥԺеʥǿԼְģһɹٲͬϾʥ֮λְͳƺšãһȫ
һ΢ҲѡǻͨʱֻҪʱһͻὫѡȥ
΢΢һ㲻һǾ΢ûкҦʥ˵£ϾƾٶԷҲҦʥͬС
ʥǱҲôкʥʥԺ٣һʥ֮λƷɹ٣ǲͷҦʥ϶Ҳûӹټһ΢ϵʱ˫æ΢Ҫȥ˳
ڣ΢ֱýϱҲûдֱͰǵǰȥʥԺ
΢ѾΪҲҪֱˣϴһɴ̿ͣ΢аսնɱ
Ҳ˵΢ɵĺȻδܳΪһɣ΢ֻҪɵУΪսԿŽɽǰ壬ߡ
棬ϼ΢ֱ˴Ѿ֪΢֪ʱܸԭ˵ڶء
¶΢˵С£ϾҪ˵޸Ƕ˵ؾ֮顣ڽ˵ǵ֮ͬǿɲС£Ƕֽ˵޸ĵطҲԸĲ
ϣΪʦҵոΪ˻Բˣ޸ҷ֮£һ΢ЦһȻ΢͵ʥԺ
Ȼ֪΢ʥԺҪ£ʲôûʣǵſڿ
΢ͨʥԺȻ󻺲롣
һ鷿֮ڣ΢Ҧʥ߻أʵ΢Ҹմɸôˣ
΢ҲīֱʵҦʥλӣԸԸ
΢ֱҦʥ㶣Ƭ̲ŵȻԸ⣬ٲƷһǳɹ٣λߣ˭Ը⡣
óҦʥ֪ٵģֻһ£Ȼʮֿ϶˵
΢ˣҦʥѾϵɹɾ֮ټ֮ǰͣ˵˾֮λѾˡɳɷأһ˾ǲܼɹٹְģҳٵλӵʱ͵óΪһγȨƼѡģҴƾҦʥ㡣
ҦʥЦˣոԸԸλӵʱҾͲ³ˡ
΢˵ͷҦʥþʥ֮λǺ͸ģⲻΨһ鷳ǣܻΰҦʥټԼƼһЩɹ֧ҦʥӦʤܴ
»úʥһ£΢˵꣬Ҧʥ͵ͷȥܣʥ֮˵΢Ĵ㣬ǱͷҦʥȥҲãһֱʥԺô׷⣬ɳ⻼ҲһֱʥԺѧʣóʱ͵ó


߰ٶʮ ǰת
Ҧʥʥ齲׺΢ǣȴû뿪ǵ˫
˫΢Ȼǻϲޱȣһֱ΢Ϊ±˻ɣԾ΢֮ҲȥϾʱ΢ɸ¶ǰϲɹ١ȴû뵽΢
Ȼ΢Ҳֻǳ˵ʥԺҲб˵ĶĿڡ
ִ磬ϲϵɹ˫ϲٵģǷĵĸˣȻ΢ϵɣǸоԼϵҪˡ
΢˫ǼҲһůЦûһɷҲܺϵɹ
ģ˫ϲҪ֪ľܰﵽ΢ԲŻðȥȡʩ޼ɿ⵱еһɷ
˫Ҳɵ͵ȡĶǿɿɹٱȻ϶ͱʩ޼ֻǶһǰһɷǿɿɹʮа˾Żѡ䲻ϾɿʧҲӡ
Ϊˣ˫žðգڿððֵãϰﵽ΢ĿҲˡ
΢ţͽԼϵʱа齲˳Ǹ˫ѹЩаȫɷ
΢һУ˫ֻоʱɿţȻᣬҲ֪ڲʱ΢Ҳ֪ʱˣ˫ҲĿĴɣ뿪
˹˼գ΢ڱΪٹ²ŻǷת飬û뵽ǰˡ
ԭܼ򵥣쳯ϳһɳϢǾĸ˺ֵʩ޼˻ǰսȴ̽Ѱɳɵۡ
ϢֻҪ˶ܿɳӰ켫ԭɵϣҪ֪ɵɳ֮ɵ֮֮ǰɵѾɣһͬǰս磬ӦȷеϢˡ
ɳޱȣΪĸҪǰս磬һһٵһ֮ã֮ǰȻҪһЩ鰲źá
֮һ˾ͼ˾ٵ䶨
ȥʱ䣬˾ͼ˾ĳɼĿã˵Ѿûں΢ˡ
΢Ϊ㣬Ҳսˣ΢Ȼڵһκϵͳɹɾ֮λ
ͲŸɣΪ΢Ѿûκο˹㣬ټĸ֮ǰԸҪõ飬ɹȻ൱ģϰ
һͥϣִ֮һں΢תΪʽٵһ߶࣬٣˳ͨ
һں΢Ҳ˾ͼ˾ٵλӣת֮ڴƷɹֱӽƷ΢ƷƷ
˾ͼ˾ٵĹλأ˾٣ǹλҪô˵һʱ䣬ں΢ɹ٣겻˵⼸꣬󿴼궼ټ
ڿ˵죬˭뺳ǣȻ΢޳֮ɳ¾֪ôһ죬ûٲ˭֪˭ں΢ħ˾ٺͳ٣Ҫעĵط
ħ˾ȨĴС˾жħɾħָӴȨν൱ҪҪȻҲ뾡λӡڳ٣ȻֻƷҲһ˾٣ͬΪҪ˵΢һγپ൱Ҫһ̱
ֻҪǰڳɹ٣˵ȫλɹҪôһ˾٣ҪôִƴȨɹ١
ħ˾ٵҪΪҪһ˾ȵȣپҪ׺ܶˣԸǶ෽ѾϵĿ֪꣬΢ת֮󣬶ʼ
Ȼܶɹٶ֪Ϊһεɹ٣ȨƼĳ˽λӣ΢ҲһԶ˽֮󣬻ûͥŶͱɹٸΧˡԻףأʵϾ̽ڷ磬ѡûУҪôԼҪôǰ˵˵飬Σ΢Ҳᵽɳ߹ٵĸоЦķƶߡ
ò״Щ˻ȥɸŵ˸࣬ЩĹԱûʸμͥᣬ˭һ¥һħ˾ٻ߳ٵλӣԺҲǳɹ٣ƽƣֱӳΪɳˡ
΢һԼɸˣˣҲȥˣȥҲ鷳΢Զýϵͷ룬ҲȥڣԷҲ϶࣬ҪȥԺһ
Ժ΢Ϳɶո׼һ壬ʱˡ
΢һԼɽˣ֪϶ĸٻ


߰ٶʮ ĸ볯
Ȼ΢ĸ֮ǰ˺ܶɳɹ٣΢Ҳ֮һ
΢һ룬֪ϾĸҪȥһ꣬꣬ԼΪĸһϵɹ٣ĸ֮ǰȻ
΢Ҳˣһ·ĸɹ
ʱ΢ҲɳԱˣƷλ˵ߵ˶õͷȨƴĺô
μĸĸɹĻ԰У̨ͤ¥ĸںһŮ壬΢ֱֵ΢ˣ塣
΢ĸͺܶ¹壬ϲǺ΢£΢жߣǺ΢壬ԷΪĸ壬˵ȫΪҪǣ΢պĸ࣬ԲŻµĺ죬ʹ졣
һ΢֤ձǰܶ࣬ټĸ£ȻǼ¾Ͱܸ΢
ϣ΢һЩ⣬ĸкص£ȻϿκ⣬ڶĵĹУ΢ǲһ㡣
뵽ĸʩ޼ҪȥѰɵټ΢֪ԷǱѰ
һ΢ܣҲûʸУĸҲ˵΢΢װʲô
ĸεΪ֪Լľڶչ¶ǲ壬ǵ΢ĺܺãǲȫļϸ޳֮Ժ˾ͽˣҪúþӪΪɳȹ罭ɽȥսн˵飬ȥˡ
ĸȻô˵˵ĸһϵˡ
ʵϴӽճԼתһ£΢ͿˣȻĸɳʵʿǿ
ĸڣ˿Գ΢Ҳˡ
ֽ˼£΢֪ԼøˣȻĸʲô㣬ûʳڡ
֮ĸֵʩ޼żλǰս硣
ս֮⣬˵ֻսеһ䡣Ҫս磬ٵ֮˵ս缫󣬰磬֮ɳҪ˺ֹǧ򱶡ﵽǿշ籩˾֮ɣҲս֮Ϊ⣬Ҳֻ֮ȡйأǾֻ˾ֲ̤ս硣
⻹ֻΪ΢漰
΢ڸոպϵɣ˻˺Զʱ΢Լ롣
Ĵ£ȷħ˾ͳٵѡøɺҦʥϸԵλá
΢֪ģħ˾ǳ٣ϵ˶΢һ£Ϊǿ쳯ϽƼѡ˵ȥ
ҪҪһ㡣
Ȼڴ֮ǰ΢Ҫȥݷһˣĸڣ˾ǵĿɽǴҲȥݷá
Ҳɳˣƽﲻɽ¶ˮʮִҲΣȲִ֮׵ĺˣҲȲϾˣ˱Ͼִ֮һɳķҲǺصġ
ľ̨ں΢ݷãҲʮֿҲ˴¡
ʱ΢ڻһۣħ˾ͳѡ飬һ¶˼֮ɫ
ڣ΢ĸģǲˣ˵ʵλӣ˶ˣҪƼԼλѶȺܴĸѾս磬ȻƻڣһЩ˻Ҫǰܶ࣬ճϣһҲһԣҲʱΪ˵ϾΪ
Ҫľһ仰΢ڵ·ģһĸ䲻ڣڣҲԷſֽš
˵ڶճᣬɹٶƽﶼô쾹Ȼˣޣ˽˻ʡ
ֻһֿܣǾǳϿ϶д·ֻҪ΢һ£ͻ֪Ȼħ˾Լйء
͸߼ʱһƾͰ⼸ҲʼͨϵҪԼλӡ
תҪƽǰĹλһµʱһ£㹻ʱŵģû뵽ż첻ҪٳŪ
ˣажĽǣʮ˻Ҳĸ˻طһ֪Ҫ˭
΢ûбˡ
΢߼Ǻ΢ǣ΢ɾɵգѹˣȻܿˣҲĵ覴ã΢ֺޣûӺϵ
ĺϵѾ¾㱸ǻù꽫޸пܣһβ΢


߰ʮ ¹
ʱҲһȻҲû뵽΢ȻҪڳϴһֲʱȥѾֻߵ߼ߴȥ
ߴˣ΢ȻΪħ˾ٺͳٵ飬ǽҪ׳飬ֲֻʱϣΣ뵽һӣǾϸ߼Ժڵ΢ڿ⡣
ˣҲд⣬ζ΢ġ߼ҧгݵѾˣ첻ôҪ΢ѡѹȥ
˴ɹʶҲǸϳ
ɹٿҲǰľ뼸ǰ΢ڳûʲôӰģżʱ䣬΢Ѿɳֵز˲ò۷
ɹ˼죬ʮִҲ˺üλ˺ȻУȻҲڣɹףճϵ͸߼˵Ѳˡ
λ޺˻ʶ΢ģμȻҪɹٵλӣ΢Ȼ׼֣Ҫһֲ
Գտʼ΢ھֱһγٺħ˾ٵƾٳǵѡ
ħ˾ٵѡǸɣٵѡʥԺҦʥ
ѡ֮ʲôѡҲһ飬ûУǰͶˡ
ЩλӵɹǱ΢ڽһʱ˵ǵѡ飬ôԺû˵ˡ
׼Ƿֻ֣ǸѼϼܣǵѡһԵ˳һħ˾ٺѡˣٵĺѡ߶ˡ
ȻٵżԽϵͣٵĵλȴͣԲŻô˿ᡣ
ֻ΢һǵѡ֪ԼӮ漫󣬾˵ٵѡĸˣĲɺ鷨ֻԶҦʥ΢дֱӵһְλҦʥĲ鷨һٵƾҦʥΪγ١
ȻǾͱԣͬ΢ԤϵһҦʥܱ⣬ټв˸ҦʥԳٵѡǵһġ
͸߼Ȼֹѡ˸涼ȲҦʥ⵹ǣֻΪҦʥ̫㣬ǿʥȻʤһְ
ʥԺϵξȻΪ΢ˡҲֻ΢ƾٵǱˣǻĿһҦʥͲˡ
ö˳ٵĽѡʣµľħ˾ˡ
ƾٵĸȻҲˢӣΪʧ˳٣͸߼һڳ뾡취ֹλоٳɲ©΢һ֪Ҫ⣬ȻԷ֪ҪƸλ׼ռ˸ɲٵĹ֮£רóڳ˵һҪλǾˡ
ʵϵɹôã˭ûһЩ͹ڹϣһһڳ֪
΢̨֮ϣҡҡͷ֪ҪλĻѾãټҲ޼£»
Ǳںγ֪²Ϊ֪ɷˡȻħ˾ٵϲֻϧ΢Ĵڡ
΢˭
˾٣רְ磬˵ɳ鱨ͷӣպã΢֮ǰĹ˾ľڣС¿˵ʤ漰ɹҲǶţëո΢ϸ䣬պ÷߹һЩС
СûбҪģϾС͹ȥǶԷַӶԸɣ΢ϲλ˼λҲ롣
΢ǰһλյĹһһгоݿɲ飬ȻһЩСʱзŴڳ֮ϣǽͲһˡ
˵֮ߺͱ֧߶ɫѿȻʧˣΪֶδѹɣǾλĻᣬû뵽˼Ա֮ʩһµǰʯͷԼĽţ˵ںЩС֮ǰͲ⣬ȻλĿԾʹˣ˵ںЩСԼҲˡ
΢һ˵ƿԣȻ붨ħ˾ٵѡˣ˶˸ɵ·΢Ͷߵ·ˣ˭ɣһλûħ˾ѡٶλɼң£ճɢ˰ɡ
ճᣬľҦʥһƷ˵Ϊ٣΢Ҳ˾̾Ѿǳ¹


߰ʮһ ֤
ɵЩϧҲûӣԷ֪ƼѡԶѣ΢ħ˾ٵλѾϵ֮֡
ȻɷȥҲıѡһΣܷϢ΢飬֮ǰ˭Ϣ͸¶ȥġ
˾ڣﾹȻ˸첲գȻҪɱһӰ١
˾Ѿ죬΢Ҫ²ѣ˵΢ͨԿ˭˵ѡ
գͽǳ֮˳ˣһʼûжǽƾͼƣͨԷݳȥĽһѡȻЩɣҲӦñƾٵĺãҪǣ΢æԷҪƾʲôˣ΢֪ܿˡ
֮ĳϣᣬǽħ˾ٵѡһڵʤɹִħ˾
Ȼɵɣ²ôλ΢ڣȴӴֲֳϸˣҲƾ١
һȥ
ʱ䣬΢ϣ˵ڳϵԽԽʱû˭С΢û˸ٶ΢
Ʒɹ٣˾٣ͷ˳ڣҦʥʥ˰ģ˵ڵ΢ѾǽȣȨ졣
ţĻ˵ڵ΢ɳվ˽Ÿ
ֵʩ޼ڣǱߵƾҪһ룬Դϴᳯٺħ˾ʧ֮󣬵˾ͣûٺ΢ʲôͻ
΢ȻѾɣΪȴû˿иÿһʱֹ
Ϊ΢ϵ֮ʦΪʦǰλϵģȻĹ΢Ҳûз£ңħű䣬΢ѭ򽥽
΢ͻУһ̣һɷɵֽ׷΢ǰ鰸֮ϣһš
΢ϵãԼƵĴɷһֻԼ׽ˣһԭдԼġ
뵽˽ĴԪ΢ҲЩգԼɽæµ󲿷ʱ䶼˴ԪĴڣ㣬Ҳкܳʱûлȥˡ
ٿϣһûʲôرǲԼŵģͿ϶£΢ϸһȴЦˡ
ѾͷҪ֤ˣ
΢Ҳһ㱣ԼΪ˵жˣꣿǾꣿ
ӦǾֻ꣬Լˣͨˣ˵ײˣڣԼѾ֮Ʒɹ٣˾ˣȻҲҪ֤ˡ
΢пͬʱ־ЩպΣԼԼȷЩҪ֤ԼȻӦǰȥΪ
뵽΢Լ̹ٷԸȥºͽϣֻɸǱԸԸԼ˽һˡ
棬ѾǼ˾ɹ٣ʸ񷵻˽ģϺǱȴǲУǲɹ٣ɳɷ֤֮󣬱Ҫһ֮ڽɽ磬޹ʲ÷ء
ɹٵĻȻҪжˣ˳֮Ҳûлȥ΢ǡ
ʱµˣɹ٣ƽҪɷ˽磬˾񷱶࣬ұ㲻ȥˣǼ˺¸ĵӣѵǼɡ
΢һЦҲǿڼ˾ȷǺϽҪ˶ã΢ҪĹˡ
ڽҪ΢ȥģǱ룬Ҳ˵ͷ֮˵Ѿͷǣң˭ǣңǱҲ뿴ڵ״Щͽͽ
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ȥ˽磬ͲˣĸֱҲˣɸҡ
΢һ̤˽硣
Ȼ˶Ǵ˽һ·ɽģȻ˽ϡĵطЩӦ
΢ãѾΪ˵ʵ֮΢òãԵҲûʲôǽϺǱͷһδɽص˽磬㶣Цһ
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ϣǱҪȻشԪһˣǶ˿ȥſȻԪң֤ҿ˵ҪգԼʱ䣬Ҫ̫ͺá΢֪µ˽磬ǱͽϿ϶иԵ飬ǷǼ٣Լȥ¡


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΢ͬϺǱɽµ˽磬ѵãȻȥԵţ̵Եĵӡ
˶˽΢Ҳûп뿪֮ǰͻȻʲôʦȰΪʦʦҲīɽڵʦ漶ʱ䣬ʦīɽڽڵӰݼ
΢һҡͷͽͽַѣԼԽʦȥīɽڣδΣ΢ǲȥġ
֮Ǳͽϱ㻯⣬ֱȥֻʣ΢΢ĿӦ֪봿Ԫǧ֮ңǷˣҪ·һ²ܵΪˣ΢һɣǧ֮ңת˲ɴ
˽磬ûɽƣɳŻ֤˽硣
΢һ̤Ѿʮ֮⣬˼ֻǰӰԷ׶ٿǰ棬ѾǴԪؽ硣
Ϊ˽ѾǴŵĴԪΧɽƽԭѾ봿Ԫ˽֮ǰԪΧĴͿʼ׳ѾչΪǿˮνһƬ֮أǿҲвٴԪĲҵȻԪӡ
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ŮһæӦԪݼʦ档
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΢ҲһȨǴĵӣȻ죬̺ãĳɾͱԼߣȻɵΪϡ
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΢һڣǺӾŵͷԴڷ类΢ѱǣ˵Ѿ죬ֻǺӱϾǺӣҲȨƽȻӻͦңʱҲ˵˻ֻΥĴȵǵҲûС
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ѿһ죬𶯼Ӿ磬ѷԽԽ࣬һǿޱȵϯ
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Ҳѹŭͷã͸ѩһӣͽŮɴ̽飬ʱǶǴһԱ֪


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΢ڲ˭˭ǣöԷ˵ֻҲ棬ġժǹΪοǳ
΢Ҳ˵ǳе࣬һ˶ɣɣٷְٺ͹йء
Īǣժǹĺйأ
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һɳǿǰҲδһɳ幫ŵĵӣʲôɾµģ
ɱо֡
һʱ֮׻춯֮ҳһţѩɫѿ治֪ôˡ
Ů޹ȷŵġ컯ǹŵŹϣȷǲй⴫һҪȥΪ鴦˭ڡҲŵĵӣȻ˭
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СӣҲɱ㣬յд¡˫ĳ˲ӡȻ£Ϊ̫ǿȻǽΧĿѹ飬޴죬ۿɼ飬·ռ䶼ҳһն
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ҪԭԪطԪȻܵǣ
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˿һ·ɱõŲƵɷһŲƾأ˵ǿ쵽¡¡ٶȸ죬ԷǷˣŲٶȼ΢΢ٱ任ͱ׷ˡ


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ǿ΢Ų̫ʱүңҺǸƴˡ
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˵ѱչذ꣬ɽǰʺȥܻҪչأ֮
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ʱ΢Ȼǲִ󣬷Լҵ̣ɳţҲܸĺɳ˺
ʲôձɳɵȻʧ٣ɳһ벻ڣɳɳ統ҲǶŵĵϸ΢·Ѿڵ˸߹ԷһλԱ΢Ȼš
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Сɣ֪ҲܽŵĹдԹˡ
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һ΢ûиȻԣǳĹδֻŶУֽ׶ΣҲȷҲڶҡ
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֪»ʲôϵ
΢²⣬ټȫޣҲҲ֮ǰ΢ͷڣŻһͻƿڡ


߰ʮһ ժǹ
΢һ²⣬ǾŵŹȻôϸ񣬼ǷµĹǵƣͿ¡˵ĵУ϶֡
µѶȫޣ΢˵Ǽٵģ²⣬΢ҪŪ˵Ǳŵץˣɱˣ΢ȻҪŲŻݡ
ΪȻУ΢еʱ䣬Եȣ԰
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ѲԺϤ΢Լص˾
ϺǱ˽磬΢£һ˽罫˽ӻ֮΢͵ţ鷿̸ʱ
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ڵͳ΢Ҳ֪һЩɵңֻһȫƴԶԶ磬һ޳Թͳͻ
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ţһܿƵˣдã΢֪ЩǿѣҲҪԣΣҲģֻҪ㣬ͿԱԦͲٿء
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΢ո뵽ľǣԼժǹֻ߲Σ
Ҫ֪⡶ժǹѾ֤Ҳֻǽ⡶ժǹѣ£˵Ҳû߲㡣


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ЩţԣʦҲû߲㡣
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ǰᣬǽժǹȥҪ㡣΢Ŀǵ߲㣬޲޲
΢֮ٴһšժǹ
΢ʵŹ˵׾٣Ƭ̣ʹԭĵ㾳磬˵Ĳ㡣
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һʱ֮󣬡ժǹ˵㡣
΢ûͣ£Ǽ֮ǰ΢㽫ժǹٵ㡣
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Ҳ̫飬Ͼ΢ΪѾɾ磬һժǹʵڲʲôˡ
ʱ仹磬΢
һ΢ƿժǹ㣬ҪͻƣȻǱļѣ΢ΪҲͻ·
ָоǾ֮ܣͻȻҪժϵǣΪǾھڣԷѾʼ
һ·ժǹǰ㾳磬ȵ⾮֮ڣΪԽժʱͻȻ֣ժõǡ
ΪھǻԶĺܣ֮
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΢ף⡶ժǹ򵥡
΢ˣңħű䣬˵ħĹΪɼֹҲûСժǹ̬˿̣΢ͬǸ֮һվھڣһĿɿڴϵǳΪ
Ͼܾ֮Ǿ֮ܣԶܿԽ֮ľ룬ժǡ
΢ñȻзӣ⡶ժǹһЦһе߲Ŀھķ΢ϸĥָ򣬿˵֮ǰԲͻƣֻºµʦһԶͣժǹ㡣
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ͨ΢ǰûĪǡժǡ
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һߣϵ˶ûиȥǶϤ΢΢϶ҪǲǸŵġ
һƫƧ֮أ΢ĿͻȻһץ
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ţ
΢Ȼʧܣ֪ԼץˣǺԥһץһΣ΢ֱƿǰ·һݣ͸ıݣͬʱھʮһɽ֮ϣһɸߵľʯӦơ
ϸԿľʯϾо޴ָۡ
ˣ
΢˿ʩչֱͨ¡ʩչһģһʮ˲ϢɱУӾơ
ǡժǹ߲İء
ڣ΢԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ժǹνġ컯ǹҪɱУõľǳͨıݣ˵Ӿ빥ɱˡ
˿΢ѾͻƵˡժǹĵ߲㣬ȷ񹦰ˣӾ빥ɱ֡
⻹ֻԼǳΪҲΪٸһЩĴޣһǿԸǧͿԺɱĿꡣ
е֮⣬ĵط


߰ʮ ӵĵ
޳ɡժǹ߲΢ȻǿԲٿǳǿɣ˵
΢ĿӦɲΧǧǳķֲͶ
΢ôָӦͨҵҪҵʦűصλáֻҪҵǸطӦþͿҵ¡
΢˿Ѿ˲ʱ䣬һҵ£Ȼã΢µ˽⣬Էǳʲô飬Բ궼ѶԱ뾡ҵ
˿ɫ΢֪ڿ϶Уһǳʱ䣬ĳ΢Ҫȥμӡ
Ϊ˾٣ж³ٵĹλ֮΢ҲҪμӳˣʲôʱȥԣǰ̫ࡣ
΢Ϣ󼸸Ųƻص˾
ֱͽϻ΢æһҹûʱ˼ˣȴǸ⡣
ȥϢֱͽϳ΢һĿǰ˵ĸֱ΢Ŀǰսǿһ¡˵ĶֱڳͲͬˡ
ּ滤Ҫš
֪΢ҲǷȥ΢졣
һγȻ΢ϣ顣
ое
յӦö˵ˣǵһλɹ٣ȻŵĿ˴ʵǲͳҵҪλɹپΪ£Ϊλ˲ʶ壬ô˵˾ǿˣɲɳĴ֮
һ˵ȻϢرֻ֪ͨ˺;˼ʱϵѹȥʱȥ΢ģ΢ѣȻὫϸڽɳб¡
϶϶΢飬һŻȿڡ
΢Ȼ֪Է˵Լʱ΢Ҳ㱣ֳĬǵһʱ䷴ȥ
ˣûи֮ǰɲ˵ġ΢Ϊ͹λڵ֮£Ȼʮ㣬ѹûп˵ֵ֮ŵ¡˳ͻûȴ͵ѧŵĹǶ˵ֱӶˣ»λˣ̣
˵΢ͻȻ󣺡΢̣ɳͳ֮أһ֮ﲻˣ֪ɹݵ¶֣ĪˣºҪȶԹ֤˭˭Ҳϣⲻʲô
üͷһ壬Щϸ治ֻ֪˵΢ŵ¡˳ͻ֮º;λ˸⣬¡ŭ뿪˵϶Ǵ΢Ǳߡ
ô¡˹ݣ
˵ʵ治̫龭ոֻǾлԴ΢ŷ֣û뵽ȴһӻҡ
˿̣Ҳܶ˵ʲôˣ˺;˶ڣλ˶ûп˵΢Բ顣
³ҲǷС֮ûָ΢෴ͬ飬̫Ե
ǰһö࣬꣬żӣҲԲһɳҰһɹŭ˵
⻰һ˼˵ɳ·Զǰǰǰˡ
˳ᣬ˭Ҳûᣬɫ߳ȥ
ϳǵ̹ٺͻǶǵĸŵҲϰˡ
ˣ˵΢λ˶׷ɱǧȻûܳŵ˺;˸ϹȥĻʱС˵û˵꣬ͲͷĴϵҲ˵ˣ¡˻ûҪɱ
鲻ãǻҲٶԡ
˿̵ɫѿȻ˵⻰˼Ϊٹ꣬΢ԼҪˡ
ǰԲ뵽΢̶̵ʱϵɣǸʱ΢ɷϵսԼֻ΢ʱ䣬ʱ΢ǶһԼӶȭͷϡ
˭뵽ʱ䣬΢ǺϵɹΪɸ֣ѾԺ˶
ϣͻȻٱϾͲˣһͷԽԼʳޡ
ʱǰ߳΢˿̺΢Ŀԣһ̣ƿĿ⣬򶨣ʱͷһ΢ʱоһ־⡣
ȻЩ΢
ǰܷ飬ھȻˣֻһ£΢ԼӮж
͵෴΢ѹûĶʵ΢ϵɹΪ֮ǸѾΪݣ벻΢ˡ


߰ʮ ɽ
֮ǰ֪飬ǳʲô£֮󣬼˾΢¡˶ʹˡ
ʵϲǵ𾪣˵ϢɹһǾ㵲ѡ
΢Ʒɹٲ٣ҲǺϵɣ˭֪ɺ֮Ĳࡣָоͬͨǰһֻһ죬ĳ˽־ԿʱȻ䶯
ɽ磬ɸͼսˣһжŲȥͰˡ
Ⲣɽ꣬սһɲûһܳŵùеġ
һЩ׿ԽģѾˣɾʱҲԲսˣ˵䶷ɱˡ
Σ΢ЩеĹ˵΢˽γ¡ˣˣ֮¡׷΢ǧڶɱ˺ֹУʮҲˣ΢δܡ
Щˡ
˵¡飬Ϊ֪΢ɳɹûгȫϾֻǲ²⣬ҪĹ˼΢ɹݣҲᶯˡ
Ǵһ¼пһЩ⡣
ɳѾǰɳˡ
ԷˣԷţô׷ɱɳɹٵ˷ߣǰɳǾǲġ
֮΢ص˾ţ˽һҪżաȻ޳ɡժǹ߲㣬΢ʹȥѰ¡
µյõĵͼ΢΢ĿıʦͨҪ»һŵͼѡ
ѵҵͼϵλá
ɳ˾õ˽־϶ҲӦ򣬱Ͼ˽ȫеͼơ
˵ʦĵص˽ɹɽ
طҪҺܶˣȻǷҪطѶȻǼΪɽ֮ԽɽΪ̫ǴɹҲò·Ϣֵط̣ˣǾˡ
΢ȥûиֻǴųĸֱ鷳ֱսǿεģһζԸ¡΢ʵϲûнԼɱʹǾװʮֻĳҡ
ûõԭܼ򵥣ʱδƵĵز΢֪϶ɳ˽٣ֻҪŲܾͺá
Σ΢ȻǴųңĸֱߣֱǵص׳泲Ѿʮֻ棬ң¡΢ֱټʮ򶾳溣δûʤ㡣
µ˽磬ûлشԪֱɹɽ
ֱĸڣȷҪʡܶ£Ҫ΢߶ɱֱֻǷųһ򼣬򼱳ϣٶȱѰҪϲϣʱѾɽ
΢ֻ֪ʦŹʲôطͲˡ
뿪ԪĶʦ΢˵ʲô֡
ҪôĵطһĹᣬ˵Ǵ룬죬˾ˡ
΢˿̷ųʶֻƬ֮䣬ǧﷶΧ΢ʶ֮£Χ֮ڣһз紵ݶʳޱϮӲ΢ʶѲ
ɽҲǼǧֻҪͬλò̽αɡ
Ĺᣬ㼯˵µʦǱȻҲһλ֣ʿڳˣǰΪԽߣԽأͨҰʲôƬ֮ͻɢΡ
ɽҪҵ¶ʦĹʵϲѡ
һʱ䣬ų˼ص㣬΢ҵ˵ط
΢֮Կȷص㣬һ⣬֮ǰΪߣ΢Ȼǳ֮㼯
΢ŻȷԼҶ˵ط
ֱ˹ȥ΢һƬΪߵɽȡ֮ǰ΢ͿԸо֮ǿ˲˼飬濴һƬʴɽȣƤһ
ɽܲϢͺʤνƫƫһƬɽȲͬǱʲôһ
΢૵ԣתҲ̫ˣҲܻӰôһƪ򣬳Ĺᵱбֽţ󷨡
Ϊˣ۽ȻҲߣǰ΢϶ʲô˵ﶼɭɭ˵һЩʿĹˣһҲʵϾ֮תҲôš
󷨻Ǿʲô֮Ķڴ˴
΢ʶһɨ֪ǸĹڣֱ΢޾ܿҵһͷ


߰ʮ ͷ
ͷߣͨͨ΢ܸоĻ۵㣬дǳ֮۵ͷС
濴ʲôϾݹҲǰˣҲʲô»һǾǷͷĹдšʦ֮Ĺͽ
ŷͷĹ¾ɳ̶ȣ֪ӦģĹһʯɵģҲǿָдȥģ壬ȷǳ֮֡
˵ӦòˣطҲҲܲ˴
ֱ΢󣬵һĺ棬ҿطŹ֣ȻһֻӶûС
ȷŹ֣Ҫ֪統УҲгӵģ˵΢ûмֵطݲϾƫƫɽ棬һƬдУȻ
һʼ΢ҲǱ˲󷨣ϸ̽飬ȴ˿û󷨵Ĳ΢ʶ̽ͷ֮ʱһЩ鷳
ʶȻ赲⣬͸ȥ
ȻЩ˼飬Ҫ֪΢ѾΪʶ֮ǿôܱһƫƫʶ޷С
˵йŹ֡
Ȼˣһ£΢Ȼֶ飬ֱŪس
ֱһ֪΢Ҫʲôͷǣϣ
˵һһɢһɵľس
ڿӣ˵ʯ֮أˮĵ棬Ƕڿ
Ǿͷ߰⣬΢һȥ
΢뿴ʲô
ⶴվûдɣΪ΢ʶʱڰ֮Ѿһڡȥһϸһʯƿ֮¶ڡ
ʶ̽飬ʶȥɾ谭΢ֿһֱǷųֻƹСĶ棬̽·
΢ֱǰȥ
խƬ̾͵ͷˣһʯңʯһһɼĸ̨֮ʲôûС
ҲʲôûУ΢͸оǳ֮ѾŨ˷ָĵزҲ֪ǻ˶ò˶ǳ֮
ոջЩǳ֮谭΢ʶ̽롣
Ǹ̨΢һԲ󷨣ľʯ̵ɣ·ӣδ̧ͷȥ΢Ƿͷ·
˼ˣ¶ʦķص¾Ȼһʯңʯ֮һ󷨣⾧ʯƣɲǳ֮
ʲôģ
΢Լһ˲õ飬Ҫǣ΢ڼҲǲȺ飬ҲǼ̫࣬ɾǲϵʯڵ󷨡
Ȼϵã΢ϸ۲֮»ܿһߡ
ӦǴ󷨡
󷨵ѧʺܴɳУרŵ˾о󷨣˵󷨾Ǵһط͵һطͨеĿ˫ͣȥɻأеȴǵֻͣȥǻزġ
΢һֵʲô·΢Ϳˣμ΢Ҳ
˿΢Ѿվ棬ϸ鿴󷨵Щʯڴ˿̣ͻ
ǧöʯͻȻһâ˴ۣǲԶֱҲ̱۾ȵǴ۹âɢȥֱٿǸ̨Ѿû΢ټ
֮һʧĻʯҵŨޱȵǳ֮
ֱȻǴʧɫȥһϣϣ
û˻Ӧ
ֱǷųʶ̽飬ûǳ֮Ϊ谭ʶɽȶڣҲûκ΢Ϣ
Ҫֱ֪ͱ˲ͬڳ̥оں΢Ѫʲôʱ򶼿ԸӦ΢ڡ
ָӦȻǼΪ翣ȻδϣѾţֻ˵һ£΢Զ
Զ˽絽ɽľ룬ҪңԶ
˵ֱûйָоȻֱɽȶһ飬ûҵ΢ųԼƵʮ򶾳棬ɢɽûҵ΢䡣
ʱֱִ֪ˣΣֻǷɽ磬΢ԵĸҲǰϺţˣ
ȻǶޱȣǵһʱ䵽ɽɽѾֱĶ淭˸׳졣
Ǹʯ֮󣬰ţǸһ֪롣Ƕ󷨵֪ʶԶ΢ǵ
ţ㹻侲΢ߵĵһıʿǵʧٵԲ⴫ڴ֮ǰҪ󷨵·Ҫʱ䣬ʱ˭Ҵˣ˵ڱչأɸǱߣֱСǴã˾ߣһὫºͺ飬ü˾ת


߰ʮ Σ֮
ʱһģʵҪҪ˾ͨ
ţ룬ҡͷʱҪʲôԴ˵ֶκͨضʲô£δؾ͵˲ʰĵز֮һѰˣһҪά״Ҳš
ţȻǿ⿴ʮ͸ʱûбҪֵǽ֪Ȼ˻ϵĵ˹

ȴ˵΢֮£΢ֻоӰһ䣬ԼͶ뵽һŹֵĻС
΢ϾΪɲ֮ͻָһԼѾʯҵУ˿һƬ浱УµѾõĲӣʯڵ󷨲֮ͬڣûпԻǳ֮ľʯһʯͷϵ̳󷨣Ϻϡ
֤һ󷨣ֻߡ
ʲôط
΢˿̸оϢΪӣ˵ǻң˽ĸҪԣֲܶ࣬ɽǰ㾫
̧ͷ죬΢Բ۾Ŀɿڴ
֮ϣȻһ޴ޱȵɽյУɽж΢Լȫò֮Ǵĳ档ˣԼڵĵطһѾĸʯϣ纣ʯۣƮʯһǧһĤһݣһ
֮⣬ޱȣɼ쵹ɳٲ澰ֱδš
΢һĻѾ²⣬ʱ΢ӦϢƽǽϵ·һ£һħǸߴϡ
΢ʦͨƹһ˲ΪٸߣҲߡ
֮ԶϢǺХͬ£һˡ
΢վǲƵĴУӰ
ʦܣǰ˲֪ģȻ͵ͳ֮صУȥ˭˵һֱɱˡ
һӰʱ˵ɱ⣬һǹǣʦ֣
˵꣬Ӱһ̤Ѿǵ΢ǰͼһǵۣƼǿɾ磬ֳһȻ֮ɫ΢ǺˣϢʱش𡣡
ţ
ԷĶԻ΢Ȼ˵󣬵΢ȻӲ
ﾹȻš
ôԼ֮ǰĲ²ûдˣս磬ڡ
ʱ΢ǣͻȻʧ٣ѶǲҲԼһĪ͵սŵС
һоͶýˣϸ֪ɽǸʯҵУҪɴǳܴ֮߶ֻҪվȥ̻ԶԼ
ҲһҲ
뵽΢ǵģЩ˷ܣΪĪ͵Σ֮Ҫ֪ս缫Ϊգ˵Բͻᶪĵط΢˷Ϊҵ¡
Ϣʱ䵽㲻شֻɱ㣡΢飬ѾЦһὣ̡
һͨȴǻߵâŽ֮ΧһƬ򶼽˱޿ɱܡ
âټ϶ԷΪȻƷǷ
ɣǲҲᱻһˣ΢ѰɣȻ֮΢ǲ̫Զ
΢ָתһУͷ·ߵָӰͬӰһһ̾˶ɵɱɽֱӽԷĽмס
ɴŭҪɽɽ΢μţȻǶá
ɵʦִһȻǶ˵¿νǰԵޱȣ׾ɱ֡
ԼƽжŰĿˡ
΢ҲлڶȻҲΪҪ֮ǰǸ٣ԷĽҲǵݶҪֱӽԼء
΢Ҳһ˰ٽ⽣Ȼ̳缲ȥɹû뵽΢ķϬȻǶܲȥ֮⣬˺۱鲼ѪȾۡ
ȻǱסˣ֪УҲʦܣͷܡ
΢ߣǵŶԷȥȱԸԼһݣһаʮ㽣˲̴ɵš
΢аľɽľ֧̺аһܿ⣬Ѱֵܵģټ΢ûзŹԷĴ㣬֣ҲǱ΢һɱ
аľɽɱ֮ɻѪ֮аľɽ˸⣬ֻգ֮ͱһ߸ʬ⵹΢û뵽ġ
Լʦֱնɱ״ңһҲǺˡ»ʦ֣ܵеùˣȻ֮ǰˡ
ҲǺ޹˿̼״ȻǼæɿġ
֪ٶȾӲȻˣĻܻ


߰ʮ 
΢Ȼֱɱ飬طͷһʲôϾǲŶ˵
֮ǰһжµãΣ֮أɽҪնˣɽ磬ɳ壬һ㻹治ֱȡﵹãһ仰Ȼֱµľɱ֣΢¹ӲոѾˡ
ԸҪŪô¡
ܿ΢֪ɵжԷ֪һ顣ȷս磬΢ϤĶ磬΢֮ǰǾ޴ɽȷŵڣڵĵطսн
Ϊ
ûϣĵطǷǰ԰Ϻľ޷ֵս洦ɼշ籩ջ顢룬ΧһĶ֣ս磬ҲǴ˿΢ڵһ顮Сרµ֮Ų֣ͺСһױ¶յС
΢һ֪Լжˣı¶յУֻ˾棬Ͼֻ˾֣յУ˾֮ǲеġ
΢սп˵洦ɼǶǰɹŴõģ˵еĿ˫ͣеֻܵͣ΢ոսվŵľһ۴ﴫģ϶ǲԭ·ˡ
ʱ΢ҲǸоΪ鷳Ȼ⴫ȥĿѾûС΢֪Ĵ󾭳ᴫ͹һЩˣ֪Ǵʲôطģ󶼱ŵĵɱץȥ΢¼пܺԼһСĴǴ󱻴͵
ɣҲ벻ϾҲһ顮Ҫ֪ͳķǧдСив޺ͱץͶŵ
Ҫ˵ҲһŹֵɣǶµҲǼΪϿϿʲô̶ȣ
˵ǲ˵˿
ţȼΪҪֻгΪһŵв˵λ֮⣬һֿܣǾе̺пɽĵӣֻ˾磬ҲԵõɵӡ
Ǽˣãֻͨӡ
ͨӵû⣬ϾŵĵʮֻڣЩӱҪͨ̿磬ܻȡԴй涨ͨӱһ֮ٵʮϣ겻ɣǾͻᱻɡ
ˣǾˣҲʣڷֻ˵Ϊ˻á
֮һǿʳ磬ЩŵͨӣҲֻǱȡɡǿһѣΪСģԼͻΪɡʲôǡɡǱǧеˣЩҪôǱץҪôѹô˵˾֮£ˣͿս磬Ҫ˵ŬūһҲǱЩͨӡĶ
˵ʮӣôɵֻ࣬١
ⶼûЩޣϣ͸ˡ
Щ΢ʶжãһͳĶֱһ㡣
˼ǣսҲзˣ֪˶˵һ㣬硣
Ƚ϶˽ʮķˣǼֱһڵϣһϡ
ûʵµϢ΢ȻЩʧҲûоϾпܻţҺпܾǧС
ǰŵɣ΢ȻŹ˵Է˵ǻȥҲܰȱ΢Ϊ˱գһԷ
һ˰ˣ󻼡
΢Ҳͷһаľɽɱˣ͵һɱһڶҲ΢аľɽɸʬ
һɽ΢ܸоƷЩߣû뵽⽣ȻҲ
Ϊ΢ںľаľɽľķ֧ɣ΢а֮侹ȻҲĳϵ
аľɽʳɵľѪԪ֮ʱ΢ȻҲܸоһַԼΪȻҲ
һ֣ⷢҲ˵΢ͨһаľɽٶȡ
΢ɱϵĶ΢һɨգ֮΢ɻɵĸʬ˸⣬֤ݡȻˣΪڸϣд
ŵĵרŵĴƣڷ֮д͡
΢ѾƣҺܿ΢ҵһȻҪ΢ʱõǸµö࣬Сһš
ʹƣδͣ΢ˣ˿΢ƣ߶ƣһ̣һâ΢Ѿʧ١


߰ʮ ɳ
δ֮΢һΪ޴ġһǡ
λһ֮ϣǰһصƽԭԿһǳأǳعģСȴ΢˽ĳǳأΪûָʵĳǽ΢һͿף󲿷ֶˣڿԷݵصˣֳǽѹ𲻵һķá
ԣ粻ޡ
ǳؿȥ޹ؿԣҲǻޱȣһ۾Ϳ޽ġ
ϵϵ֮֮ɳʯʯͷڼϢʱ֮ڽκýӣȻǱȲֹĳ̶ȣٶ൱ɹۡ
׷ΪƵķиǿܵĵطеɶֻһĿģǾþһֶνֻгΪˣս磬ֻҪΪˣҲԼųΪĺĵӣҲ뿪Ѱǰ̡
ֻǷ֮Գ֮ΪΪȱϺԴҪҵʯɲݣ죬ԷĹǿʳ
Щ΢ŵӿе֪ЩŵͨӣʵҲòʲôԴȷ֮Ҫǿһѡ
˿΢վǶ֮ϻڿһƬѾϵ׹⣬½һЩ˳֣ɫҴңǳأҲһЩ΢¶Ŀ⡣
ʱ΢һ£ħߣԭҲǱ΢תΪħǴ׵һħ񼶸֡
˵һħİ࣬òĻ˷ºٵͷϾ棬һҪķΪΪܻ˱ΪߣһҪʲôǣʲô˲ǣǵÿȻ֪ôġ
˶ôģһЩԳʵķ֮ɻǶ΢
ԭܼ򵥣΢䵥ģֻһˡ
ڷǷǳģô˵ҪҼ˵ͬ飬һˣױ١
΢ȻܵЩ֮ˣҲû⣬˿ֱǰǳضȥ
շߣ֮ɾͻ࿴һۣһ뺷˴ѯʣΪߵһλǴ硣
СһǸĳ˵ﻹкö磬ҪҪ֣뺷֮ɹǴѹûһ˸еӣ·ֶ£¶żΪ׳ֱۣһָ⸫߶೤һɷȻרƵһɱ
֮ΪǸ˱뺷֮ɻȻֻǴһͷ¶ϰŶ˵ķͼͷûüëƤֲڵĺܣǹŲٰ̺ۣȥ׺Ĳӣ⻹㣬һѵ
⵶˫˴̵ǰ˸̣ǰһѪȳޱȣӻˡ
ȸţǲǶ׽񣬷ϹۣλϴΪɭ˵һ䣬Ȼ˸źԶ΢ȥ
ǵĶԻΪأʵѹӲ΢սķУ΢оԼͨǰҪԼˣ΢ȫûзǵΪ֮ǰŵͨӣֻɵΪڶɽһǾʲôˡ
ϧǣѹ΢Ϊжߣս˻սҪǿ֮ɣڵϣǲ˺ԶЩһǴû޹ġ
΢ǳǳصУ˸ķ֮ɣ˵ĸоһ֣ҡ
ˣɵˣɣ಻ʤɣħҲ൱࣬ڶ磬ħҪɱģвǹֱˢ΢ۡ

΢£һǴ̽µϢڶǿ˭֪Էضķ
ڷϣκζԵɻңֻҪǺйصĶԣʯҩй
Դȱɱٶȸ죬սҲǿ
ԽûйĵطʵԽƵڣһɳǡǼķ֮һЩ½ģзУнףԹӶ֣ҲѰѣȻŵĿ£ҪŴùϵȻҲܽǳء
΢ҪǵĿߣǰæ̽鱨Լһ˵ҪЧʵĶࡣ
΢㹻ʯҩ㹻һס


߰ʮ Ϣ
ܿ΢ͷ֣ɳǵе˶ɫҴңȻһֻֿŵգ΢ҪŪסһҴߵҪʸ
˳֣ͷ߽˸סȻ൱ˬüͷһ壬ӿСӣʲôٰ
΢ҡͷλѣֻʲôˣΪδҶɫҴҡ
ɣﲻԼ߶߶С㡣ȻƢ̫ãֱӿ
΢Ҳû㶣Ϊס΢ЦһҪǰһ͵ײԷ
ֻǵΪײȥԽԷײеʱ΢ֱһȭȥ˴ˤȥ߰ɣȻҲǱ΢һȭ顣
һ̣΢ѾǵǰһŲڶԷϡ
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һ΢ŪˣͨԵɵкһɢɳǵʵʿߣһҪ̲һô򵥡
ɢ˷ʾټɳǣͨԵҪɢǿԲûٵ֡
£߸ϵǲܵģǿԼȦһȺ˭Ȧϴһġ
˭ɳǶ˵ҪȻҲ档
΢ʱ룬ҲǳԵһ£𣿡
ʵ΢̽ԵʣѹκϣϾôһ˾ʳµ䣬ǼֱǺ
΢𾪲ѵ鷢ˣһ̵ͷҵȻôû
΢ɵۣ
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꣬ɣҪǲбһ˵Ƿ˼ɻ䰡˵ͨԵϾҪˣɢҲǡ˵ӲһС˿ŵֱҡͷͬʱΧȥ±
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΢ϸʣ֪ɢжϱĸɣİͽ£ȻҲпͬͬգ΢϶Ҫȥȷһ¾ǲ
껰΢ҲûΪˣǷȥʱ΢Ťͷһۣ֮ǰ͵͵Ҫٵˡ
΢ʵϻ˲ǵĴڣôǵĴڣ΢ͬһ󡣸ոտһĻʱЩˣҿǻûж֣һҪǶ֣ǹѾǺʬˡ
̾ˣĻҼ΢
ΪͨԵҪɢɳǿȨѾǳǷ֮أԸµģɢ˵ˣȻҲһЩֵŵǳûٵͷ
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΢Ҫľȥ¡ǲ£ԷϾɢ˵ĸ߲㣬ܼģҾ˵ĿǰûиϻȻɳǣǳԼ
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΢ҡҡͷ뵽ʲôɢ˱Ľ£
һһЦһҶı飺Ϻǣֵ۹ⲻǾԵĴˣ㻹ǱˣһԶ͵͵Уǧʲô˼ôɢˣ۸
΢һü
µòȻǾ˫˵Ǵ˵Ҳ˵ùȥǸʲôǸģ
ʲôһԣ
΢¶Լ꣬Ѿ£ǻֻͬͬգ
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߰ʮ ͨԵ
ɢˣ΢ü룬ΪȫûбҪ
һȰ˵޹Ҳ˷ʱ䣬߿ˡ
΢Ͷһˣɳǵеһʯͷϣȴɢ˵ĸ߲ǰ
һȣһ졣
սûҹ棬ֻǹʱ䣬΢﹮ΪʱɳǵУ΢֮⣬Ѿûбķɢ˵ˡ
ɢ˵ĹģС˿Ѿϰ˾ۼд󲿷ֶαɺɣֻмΪ
ȻΪΪǿߣǵҲһȻ
һ΢۾Ϊһ˸пмɵģ⼸˵֮ɢ˵˶ǳ⼸񣬿ڳư
ȻЩ˾ɢ˵ĸ߲㡣
΢ĿȥЩ˶ɨһ飬ΪϣЩ˵ʵֻҪǰһΪǸΪȻѾ͵ƣֳԹɡ
ԽǽӽɣɵеΪԽߡ
΢ʧǣЩ˵ȻҲŮɣû¡ʵϣ΢Ҳ֪ڵΪϾ֮ǰҲֻǸոյ浤żʱ֤ˣӦҲԡ
Щû£΢Ѿ֪ͬͬգǾԼҴˡ̾˿׼ȥ
Զɢ˵һ߲㿴΢һǴߵǸʲôģĪͨԵļϸɣȥץʡ
¾м˷ɹȥ΢Χסʱ˵֮ǰʹ顣
˵֮ǰǸˡ
üͷһǵ˶ȻͨԵ˵ļϸץǸҷɱۡ
΢ͨȻǽԷĻ΢ѾҪ뿪ˣΧ⼸αɺɣôס
˵⼸αɺɣɢǼΪ˲õ΢Ҳû
ʱͻȻǰ洫ǳ˵׹⣬ҫգһҲǾɢ˵ˡ
˵Ī˰֣
΢仰һ㶣⻰˼ɢ˵ԭûлôոЩ˵оû¡
֪ôģ΢ЩڴĿǴķ
ֻǹâϰ£˵а˴͹ʱǰһɢ˵̽ӾʹʧɫãͨԵˡ
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ҲɣȻɢ˵ɶ࣬һɱڡ
ͨԵ˲ƽǰ㴩ŵۣǴһʽŹֵס
粻ʿн٣ɹ⣬һķײһףǶƴնɣ֮⣬ͨԵﾹȻһԵԴ
ԴҲԴ죬ֱһԴֻ΢һɨȥ֪һԼаľɽа
ͨԵ˵ģȴһΪݣƤŹͷͬߵã˫۴а⣬һħޡ
ͨԵһ֣ɢ˵˾ͱ壬⣬Ϊϣ˵ɢжһܵеùͨԵˡϣɢռơ
һ£Χ΢Ǽɢ˵Ҳ˲΢Ǽæ˵ǵĴ󲿶ӵУƺֻмһܸоһ˿ȫУҲͨԵ˶̫ʢ˵ѾǶɣһΣͿԷˡ
ͨԵ˴˿̤̽ħƣǺƲӣͬһ޴ӣĻڵͼɨһɳеˣʱ䣬ǿǣʱһұǣʱ򲻽ȫ
ﵱдŨŨİɢеļ֮ǰһ߰˿̶ɫ԰ס
⡭ͨԵΪֻѡˣôǶ֣罵һɢ˵ɱͨԵ˿ֲѹ壬˿̾ȻҪս
ϰûйɢڶ࣬ξ֮УұѾȥŵԹ£ֻҪԹ¿ڣͨԵĪҺΪвɣɢ˵һˣΪţȻ޹ģս統Ҳһˡ
£ߣ˵ˣҪȻڶӰϰһĲԱ߶ǲϲռֵٷƨ²ѵˡ


߰ʮһ 
һ⻰ϰְЦֹб۾һ˭֪ϲŮˣ˼ʲôʱ㣿ˡ
㡭ŭʱԱһɢ˵˵쿴ˡ
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ɢܴɳǣƽûٻ¸Թ£˵ֱһ㣬Թ¾ǵĿɽ
ͨԵϮɢ˶֣һʣӲƴĻʤ㣬ԲŻ뵽Թ¡
ڹؼʱ̽Թ˹
ɢһԹ˶˿ȻֻҪԹ°ǣͨԵ˾ͲΪٸҲҵԹ£˵
ԹˣºˣͨԵճ
ճŶûУͨԵ˳ԵͷȻ´λ
ԣ˵ûǵԳԿͷ
ɢУһ¹Ǽӭȥ߼ҲֻòĵͷλҲԹԹΪɢֹ
ʱԹͻȻЦЦɢ˵λĳǴӦҪû˵ӦҪǣֻѣԼ飬Լ
һ仰ͬһ̹ǵˮͷһ
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ԹӢͨԵ˴˿ǹЦȻʱǿҪˣûǣʱ򲻳ҵģҪ
˵꣬ħʤºƻûĹͨԵŵǸͷ˿̾ȻǷɭɭЦڶǸоһͷĿѣҲֽѾ۶־
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Թ²æһɢ˾һţǰǲֻ֪ͨԵ˵ȴûʶͨԵ˵ֶΣۼͨԵǿֲΪ֪ԲǶ֡
Ĵɢ˿϶ֲͨԵˡ
˵ͨԵɱ飬ѾһʵԷͶǱͨԵɱ˸⡣
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ҽˣͨԵ˸һѹ֮£ɢеһͶ
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ϰļְʱҲǺԥˡ
һǴ߲ˣ˵ķ֮һͶˡ
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ͨԵˣ㣬ȴ£Ҫʹ򣬵ʲô㡣һƢ˿Ǵһ˦־ͽһͨԵˡ
а⣬ɴӳɷҹȥ˵һˣһɽԺƽϾһֶΣ֮ǿⴸǰһ⣬ͬһ޴ޱȵĻȥ
ЩѪԣˣóԣͨԵ˿ӭĻ˿壬ֻŵǸͷͻȻȻſһ죬Ȼһڱ㽫ҹȥĻ洸ҧڿУݺһҧһ죬ǰɴȻǱǻԴֱӸ̳ˡ
ѪƵǼû뵽ᱻԷֱҧ飬һѪһ̣ͨԵһȻѾǰԼַһڣʯ֮䣬ѾǶһѪȺࡣ
öóȳ԰ζͲˡͨԵʱе࣬ԹԵ˵Ȼſ죬ֱ˺ҧ̳ԡ
Χɢ˵˶ŵɫ԰ףǶûпͨԵιģҲûпԷǴʲôطŪһѪܵࡣ
ʱٿ֪Ķˡ
˿ؿƿһ󶴣ͬһ֮壬ȻҲױԷƿڳ


߰ʮ 
ɣҲǻ˵ģ˵ͨԵһצǽԷȡߣȡ˶ԷеһеһУһ½൱УͨԵ˳Ե
ͨԵˣСͨԣɱ֮ǳ֮
Ҫ˵ȴһ仰û˵󵹵رһλɣʹɡ
ΧһƬֻͨԵ˿ʳ죬Աɢ˵Ѿ˵ӣս
ó԰óԣֻһһ̣ͳɡͨԵʱ£Ȼһǿֲޱȵƶȥ˵ɢ˵˶ͨԵ˵ȻҲ޷ͶܡͨԵ˿Խɢ˵һһɱ⡣
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ָҪץµؿʱͻȻͨԵ˵Ķͣ
ָ²磬ͻȻı⣬Ҳϧ񣬶˿סá
ͬոͨԵǿ쵽µ޴ĥͲһͻȻסͨԵҲһûע⵽ʲôʱģҲû˿Щ˵ķӦٶȣҲûв
סͨԵһ£ߵˡ

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Ȼ΢ڿµĵһ۾֪ȻϻƵƤߣȻҲƯǰ־գκϢ΢Ϥϴ
΢ܼ±ģȻǳֹ
ʱҲǾæˣҲǷӦæǰǰ
ͨԵ˴˿Ҳ֮ɫȻû뵽˿סͨԵ˴ŭ͵ҪԷָ˦ֻ֮²ŷֶԷ˿СͨԵ˴һҪ֪ɷʮ⻹ǲͬɸ޷Ტۡ
ǰ˾Կס޷ѣ⻹ͷһء
Сӣ
ͨԵһӿֳŭһ̣ڿ׵оһðһߣſڳ΢ҧȥͬʱ΢ſһն֣ڳɽǴǹལֱ֮նͷͨԵһֻץ΢΢ŲǵǼսһ
˵ͨԵǿ΢֣˿̾ȻǴѹƣɱ΢ֿţԽʹ·һ̾Ҫһ
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仯ʼδڣ˵ܵеͨԵǺﾹȻûоͳӣһֱֱۣǲ˼顣
ɢ˵ѾɵۣͨԵˣҲһմȻ˭û뵽һǰޱȵͨԵˣȻǰܵ˳ף˸ɴֱ࣬۶նˡ
Ҳоһ㡣
ͷɢңϵҲòȻصǱնĶϱۣ˵һֱۣʵҪۿۡ
ħףʳأҳǸСӣͨԵȻܵشûг·ҲԼͶԷкܴ࣬ʱֻƾȡʤˡ
һ£Ǿ޴ĻԴѾǷӹȥſŸոմӺ߳΢ҧȥ
ͨԵǷͬСɣսһּΪϡٵħƶɵģ֮ʲô̳ԣ׳ΪΪͨԵ˲ŻнΪͳɾ͡
̾Ƿˣ֮£˭вԼһ
ǻԴȹǺҪµļУͬʱ漸۾ҲżΪֲԹ֮ɫĿɨ֮أʯҲǿʼ飬Ǽǿֲſ֮󣬿̳κ塣
΢Ҳоһ˿ΣգʱҲˣ̧һ޽նɾɱ֮ҲǱնһۣնڻԴϣȻǷ̶ֻǻһǳǳĺۼ
ԣ޽ԴЧ
΢Ҳţ㿪Էһ˺ҧͬʱȡаľɽ˽ɽ磬ǻԴһ۾ϣǻԴһĲҽУȻǿή
Ǳһ


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һĻޱȣ֮ǰ˾µĻԴ˿̾ȻǱ΢һ룬˸ԵͷһҬһ
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Դаţ΢аľɽаţҪаԣаľɽʤһǻԴаľɽĸɸɾϵССɽСԴСȻ飬һǡ
΢һУаľɽص˿ֽ̳ò硣
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Ǳ߶һֱ۵ͨԵͷɢ䣬·飬ϱ֮ȻסɲɭɭѪ
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ͨԵҲǽթޱȣƽǵҲܵı˭죬ǽʵǱˡ
Դӣг۳Ӷᣬȱһֱ۶ǻԴûҪ˼ǲܵ顣
ŭͷԣ˿ֻһ£Ǿɱǰˡ
ϧһдۡ
СӣղͨԵʱ۾ˣʣµһֱ۴ӻȡһŹֵҩƿҩƿڲҲʲôʵģһƿǿ֮һɶضŵŻ
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ΪģЩζѬιȥ
ͨԵ˷ЦЦȻһﲱƿĶС
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ͨԵ˷µģòǡħɣ
ͼͨԵ˳ǵҩ֮󣬻ħ죬ԭõ壬ȻҲǽⱩ𣬷·һ˫ۣѾһƬѪ죬κεĶֻзɱ¾
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΢룬ʩչħűеħһΣѾǵͨԵ˵Ľǰֽ֮Ѿ͵Ĵ̳ʩչħűеġħɱɽǰ΢ɽǲչ¶ħģ΢϶ûʲô˼ɣħűǼΪħ΢Ҳֻı䣬ʩչħɱɽҪһħͨԵɱ
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ͨԵ˳˷ħȻҲִУһһһź赲΢ɱɽ
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ɱ˽ͨԵ˱΢һɱ
ͨԵ˴Щ£˿̼ͨԵˣɢɢ˵Ȼϲɫ䲻֪λ˵ȻɱͨԵˣ϶Ǻһġ
ʱԭѾͨԵ˵ϰְһΣʱʲôͨԵ˿϶ԹºôһģͨԵˣԹ²ưոݰ
һ˵


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ʱʲô˲ɢ˵ˣɱͨԵˣûϵǹ֣ԹҲֲͷϡ
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ΪˣŻ˵ոյǷ
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ʵԹ´˿ɫȷѿͨԵڴ֮ǰȷҹŵһЩôԹ²ŻϹۣɢ˺ͨԵ֮顣
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ʵǳԹµԤ֮⡣
˵ɢƽĺôҲ٣ֻͨԵ˸ĸ࣬ҪǣʦҪͨԵȥһ£Ϊ˵УҲֻͨԵȱºΪ
ڣͨԵˣ˵ʦ𽻸ĲҪˣ
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΢һ仰ͽԹµŭˡ
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ħ΢ǰļûӣڳ̫࣬˵ŵУ¡֪Լ϶ֱɱֻü֡
ħڣû˵ܲ˵ԹȻ鲻ʵ΢ʲôɳٳķˮĴڣ֮Ѿ¯࣬ԹºͨԵ˵Ĺϵ΢һͿš
ûʲôϵȻˣǾͺð졣΢ԼԹвҪͨԵ˵ģͨԵ˵ݣɱ˾Ƿ֮ʲô£ı
ãԷ϶ϣøˣԼɾõѡ΢ƶԸ㶨Թ¡
΢͡
²ˣ˻˵ⲻԲֶΡ
Ȼ΢ôҲΪΣﲻǶ磬һƵĵ̣΢Ҳֻŵĸѹ֮ѭԷĹء
ǾžԲܵԼʤ㣬žǾԵףԵȻĲ˵˼˾ĸΧˣԼ·
ԣ΢ھ˳Ӧ
ɹȥ֮Թ´һ΢ħޣܺãܺãмҪͨԵ˵ģڣˣɱˣԡ
û˵꣬΢͹ֵԹǿұͨԵ˽ˣʲô£Թ¾ܷԸ
ʹ죬Ҿϲʹ˴򽻵ԹºܸˣǸͨԵ˻Ҫϵ˵Լ̹һѡʦ֪ˣȻ佱Լ
ʱϢգգҾ㣬ܣ⣬˵ĺôԹҲʹ죬ֱӽͨԵԺ󣬴˿Цʵ΢þӹٳȻ֪ʲôʡʲôܡ
΢ֱȡһͨǬԹЩ˼ɾ⣬ԺҪԹչˡ
ԹʶһɨǬĶ۾һΪ⣬ϵЦݸʢ
ãð˼˼Թ΢ļ򣬺ȣܲȣ΢ģ˵ͨԵ˻ɢǶǸ˵ġ
΢ԹҲһûļһԼǸСǬĶʵڲʲôһЩʯ͵ҩѣԼϣû뵽ˡ


߰ʮ Ҫַ
Ҳ΢֪սǸĸԹ£ƽˮҲٵĿܱȵ΢һɳƷɹ١ҲڷطһԹ£΢Ь䡣
Թ΢ĺôȻȥ΢ͷһɳǵеѳʯ״̬
˵ʵûⳡ档ո˭óԹҪҪģû뵽ԳļһＸ仰һôͽԹ¸ˡ
ǰҲԷôԹº¶ǰЦݡ
ûУûС
ţһ棬Ȼ˭֪ΪߣͨԵ˶ɢ϶֡
ɢ˵ĸ߲Ѿڻ֣̿ں£ǵȨ
ֻ΢ܿһɢˣ˿̣΢ֻһˣǾ£ͬҲֻ΢
¶˵ʱǸߵԶһ¡
һ̣ʵĳˡ
׷ʹ꣬˵뾡һа취׷󣬶ҴûжйʲôܽӴ׵Ůˣ˿̾ȻۿᣬȻһ˵Ǹ
Ŷӵ۾ˣݺ߬ȭͷ˿޲ýɱˣ⽴йͷ֮ޡ
ȻôͨԵ˶ɱˣԼȥ
⣬ȴԽԽ
˵ʵ΢Լû뵽»˴飬Ŀ֮¾˵Լ¶΢ܸܲҲǽţôţҪ˵ΪʱνѾʤǧ
΢뱻ΧΧۣʵ£ںδ
ʱҲӦæ˵һɳеĵط΢һʩչħűеʧ١
΢ȥɳǵľΪɢ˱ɳҲһۡģСмźš
ʱ򶼱´˳ȥ
ժ΢ߣ΢ֿ֮ˡ϶üΪ𾪣ΪӡУ¼ûп޹ȻǿŮˣŮˡ
΢ҲΪۣĨȥ۽ǵ飬ҲæֶժϵƤߣ¶ԭľò
һ̣һȭ΢ؿڣȴûʲô΢ΪҲˣ֪֪ˣ֪ɾ֮Դս磬Էضȥ㣬Ҹֲꡣ
΢֪µ뿪Ԫ顣
뿪֮һ··һ·һʱﾹȻҲһ浤֤ˡ
µɽҲżȻǸضڣ΢һҲײվǴϣԶ͵
ʱΪ̫ֻͨαɣҲҿɢ˵˾ңҡΪˣҲɢˣ֮ǰõĻԵٶܶ࣬Ϊֵ;һǰҾһɵǴɵҾʹҪϵģͨԵ˹ɳǣԺҲˡ˵΢֪⼸϶˲ٿ࣬ҲñԼʱ͸ԼݣڵܽԼá
ǸҲ֪ôģͿӣҲǲ䷳ʱ˵΢ᡣ
΢һЦôһ˵Ȼн٣˵ʵʼ˵ºһԵʱȷкܲˡ
΢Ҳ˵˺ܶԼ飬Ҳ֤ˣµȻ൱ˣҲ֪΢κһǱ͹ģҲ˵΢Ҳûлȥİ취
Ҳֻ޳ɷܴ֮ս磬ص統С
˵ڵѾǺܺˣ΢㹻ˡ
µڣ¶оһ΢ȻҵȻڹȥÿʱÿ̶ֿܣвʵĸо
ŮˣǳɵŮˣҲҪȫеģµҲֻ΢ǰ֡
ʱº΢Ŀԣ΢ҲǸое㺣һ̣΢΢ؿڣ૵΢Ҫַˡ
΢һ㶣¼Ҫַˣһ̶ˣʱܻҲҪźԣҪַˡ
˵꣬Ǹ·΢Ըоеȣ΢ҲʥˣһҲķӣǾɫ֮ˣ˸ͶϣȻҲûбҪţӵ齣ɫޱߡ


߰ʮ С˼
΢ŨԴ෭Ů֮һߣɢ˵ĸ߲ۼɳǾɴ¡
˵Ǳ仯̫죬ʼδɢΪҪͨԵɱһֻͨԵ֮󣬲֪ͨԵ˱ĶҪ˵ӰͨԵ˻ͨԹ£˵ʱɢǺʤġ⣬ɢ˽ձȻѪϴǳͨԵˡ
Ƿ·ת·ͻȻɱһȻǿΪնɱͨԵˣԹ¶˵ƺ˽顣
ʲô£
ô˵ɢӹһ٣˿̣֮ɢ˵ĸ߲㶼ۼһãĴ㡣
նλѣȻɢ˽ձٰɢ˵緽ʱ˵һӡ
Ҳм˵ͷҲ¶֮ɫһ뵽׷˺ܾõ¾ȻͶ˵ĻЩ
ʵ»ںΪҪԼôʵǣǰһҰʱƤǱǼ¾յġ
Ϊˣ֪εòԲŻ׷ʹ
Ϊӵ뻳ȴΪ˼¡
Ķ
Ǹʲô
ֻҪ뵽͸оһʹʵҪȻʿκ˷ˣԼòɽԷٵļԸ
ʱһתȴǳԲӣҿһɵ÷Ǹһ㣬ҿԷǲġ
һ仰Ҫɢ˺Ǹ
һһм֮ɫ˾͵㲻Ϊ˼ԲŻ˰ɣ
Ȼ˶֪Ǹʲôɫˡ
ȴɫ䣬ʱ˵ǣЦ޴ǣʲôطſƵķ֮һ˵ˣڣ淨ˣǾ˲ΪȻɢǽΧֺγҪ˶ҰģҸҴģһͻ̲ɢˣҿֶΣͨԵ˶Ȳ׺ݣʱҪɱӺһҪɱģЩɢ˵ĸ߲㡣
ò˵Ҳпڲţһ仰˵ȥò˼Ȼ˵ĺеǷҪ棬ĸƲǸɱͨԵˣ϶ҪʱôܻŹֳɵɢˣ
ԼҲŹ
ֳɵɳǣ֣ҲһԴǱеһ⣬ҪȻͨԵôռ

ңɢ˵¿ǺҪ첲գǸмʤ㣿׳һŷɣһ£ɫɫ˸ˡ
ǽ˵ɶˣԷδػô룬˵˻ԴΪڣҪʨӴ󿪿Ҫôʱ㲻ˣԷҲᶯ֡ν֮Ĳз֮Ĳޣо仰Ϊǿꡣ
ԣĻЩеĵǺͻ޷Ŵǵȷ£ΪʵͨԵ˻ҪһԷĻ죬ҪǵɢռΪУεֵ
ֵȻУҲ̫ڱôһ˵ɫأ¼ɡ
ʱǸϰļְ֮ǸȷɲҴ˳ֺͨԵ˻ҪаţǱʲôأҵͬ˼ΪǿǸϾǰǽΧҪǶ֣Ȳ˵ܲܳɹǿԳɹҲǻᱻ˵ɶ𱨰
ϣҵļְⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ںʲô𱨣˵Ļ죬Ҫɢ˶֣ǳҲɣΪԼҲ͹˲ôˣȵԷҪֵʱٶǾͻ֮Ӱ˵ˡ
̹˾ӣ϶ǲģڳ֮˶ʲô˾ӣΪ棬ʲô֮û
˿ǾȻǱ˵ˣȻж֪δضԿɢˣԷʵܸߣ֮ǰҲûЩˡ
֮Ĳޡ
Ӧ֪ǸΪܸߣҪҲδܳɹߣְһ䣬̰ģҪȻҲͨԵ˴ѹʱһҪͶ
˿̣ҲǵһҪ֡
۾ǽл֮ȥ˾ɲݵĶƣֻҪԷȥΪٸΣȻϾɢˣֱɱδ⴫ȥ罫ΪϵҲǱˡ


߰ʮ ʩ
˼ְһʾͬȻҲǡɲݡֶֻսķɫζԼǿʳ̻ԣֱ֮ӻᶾɾΪǿᣬȻδػº̱£Ϊ١
ɲݼΪԵȴֻµƲ˵вжڱûõģҾɲݵ٣ɢҲֻƬҶ
ıߣְҲ˫޳ɣȻôЩףҲǼɵҲûзԡ
޳ĹεļƻȻǿʼʵʩƫƫǾӦ
λ¹ش󣬾Բ©һһһȥλ;ƣ˵Ǵлľ֮޷ȴֻҪһȣǾ̶֣¡ԽԽҶ£ԼҪ
£ҲˣǾĲоӲģӲϹӲӡ
ڷûе£һΪϣҲûʲôεġ
ΪԼ
ޱȵǽȡƬɲݵҶƬȻ֮ƺƬ֮󽫾ƹһ飬Ȼͷ¾סĸۡ
¸ۡ˵ŵˣҲǸո֪ºǸȥ֮˶Ū˳ȥȻйŮʲôΪˣŻ˵ļʺߡ
Զ֮ɢ˵һЩ߲㣬Ųʯ֮Ķлһҹȥ
һȺĴ󣬵µĸֱ֮ۡӴȥҲСҴıҲֻܹš
ΪޣɢΪ¼ɺͻɣȫС˼
ʱѾǳ˯ȥ΢Ϊʲôùʩչһ䷨ºúûָϾոն鲻ԽΪѾƣһ컹ӡڴ֮ϡ
΢䷨Ѿǽﴩϣ˳ȥ
ԺУ΢վǰһӣԿһǸȻЦĹ񣬲ʲô˼ǾֻԼˡ
ȻѾǼʵ񣬲˱Ȼں¹ңԼҪǺÿ
ϣʮֹȻ
˵žҪֻ΢ȴǴһӣγһǽ˵档
ʲô£վ˵ɡ΢ʮ䵭˵ʵɱͨԵ˺ɢûκιϵΪ¡
Щˣ΢Ȼᡣ΢˿ĺ׼ȻһЦݣǾĲԷԼܲǲŽ
˶һҭҲûôҲҷֻǼЦݵսǶͨԵɱɢ˵ΣҵȶԶǸмԴл
·öԷ϶䣬ҪôԴһ㣬ȫ̽ܣʱԼԷһԷȴ
ֻʵ±ˣ΢˿ûǽȥ˼Ǻƽлˣ
˻ûӦ΢͵лˣȥɡ
˵һӣԺ̹ϣһǿޱȵѹȹȥڶƺ
ɫǱļΪѿΪԷѹûǽȥΪԷͶ֮չֳǿΪ
ֻһУͽƺ˺üʲôΪ٣Ҫκһ˶Ҫߡ
ǻó峤鰡ǧְ֮ܲ˿һ£ȻˣˣһƻʧܣԷʱ˵ɡ
չֳǾһ϶Ƕ֡
ͬɣҲδ̫ˡ
ҲзţʱȻҲܼмƻֻǺ뿪ȥ֮ٽ顣΢֮չֳȷǽɢ˵˸סˣλȥ֮ôɿǶûȥðա
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ̫ߣһɲݱԷ˵Է˶ҩûеһʱ䷢ǵȴǵֻ·һ
ֻ΢һ룬֪֮ǰ˵ֻһּѣδػᷢûȥա
Ȼķ񲣬Ҳûӣ˵ʵҲ£ȻͶǲܸˣһȥ˼Ҹ˻ȥȻɡ
ҪҲǲܣܿ뵽һķӣǶ뿪ɳǡ


߰ʮ 
΢ȷúɢЩ˶Ӵɢ˵ֻһȺں֮ڣЩֻš
΢ǷֵεģҪŵĿ֮¾޳ɷˣҵصķʱӦˡ
ȵûһɽڿǸԹֻǴպϣ΢ǣͨԷύһˡ
µĸۡ죬ʱɢ˸Ҵ΢Ҳǳպ΢һɢ˵ͨ˵Թˣǻ΢һС
£ȥǸԹ£ǽܲ˳ϡ΢ʱ˵֪أȻ෴ҲǴ룬Ƥڵգȥ
΢һǰһǰȥ΢ȻħĴ磬ɢõĻԹѾǵɢ˵ĸ߲ǹһźš
Թ¹ż΢æ߹
˵꣬ȷɳѹɢ˵ˣ΢һ̲³Թ²ҪԼãԹĵˣȻǵλǷٶһ΢Ѿ˴㣬¸´԰꣬ȻԹ·ɳһͿټ
ȻȥҲǵ΢İΣҲʱܻ飬ǿŵԭء
ȴ˵΢Թһ·УһԹ΢վȥȻһ
ƵĴһ˺üΣգ΢ŷԼһ֮Ϊԣĵط
ԲǷ

΢֪Թ¶ǽԼеĳＫΪƧҪԼҲ֪
Ȼһǽ֮ǰԹ´һɷǽһӣͷ룬΢󣬺ܿͻȻʣһ԰
԰ͤӦоУͤվһˡģʣŷǻۣǳʣǷǻۣͬȺǻһ㣬Ϊ
һλ˾ˡ
Ҳ΢֮ǰжһ£˿Թ¼Ϊǰ񣬵ʦ˴ˡ
λ˵˵ͷͷûŤˣȥɡ
Թ¼æ£Ҷһ䣬λ˵жǿȵԹ뿪˲ŵ㽫ͨԵ˸ɱˣ
⻰ʵĺף΢ǵͷǣ
ɱͨԵˣΪмȥ죬ˣٻ첻ɣ𣡡λԲϲϻֱ⡣΢ҲϲֱһЩԺԥԸΪЧ͡
ãɽҳˣҽܼ򵥣ǾɱˣգлдµȥɱһˣסҪ˾⣬űɱ˷Ը΢룬ʣΪΣ
һ۷壬֮ҪչطˣҴ˺ܿܳɹֻһλᣬа𣿡˵Ȼƽ͸һ˿
У΢شĺģǳһҲĵ˵ͷ˦һݸ΢һڣȻ˵Ļ񣬱Ūˣ߰ɣס飬һֶҪ˵ȥ֪
΢ȻǼæͷ£ҵԹ£ԹµĴ뿪
֪ô˰ɣͷĴ󵨵ȥˣ϶ٲĺôԹ˵꣬㽫΢һ·˳ȥȻܴ͵ĴΪ⣬ûרŵĴɷ޷ʹáһ·ͨͣǻصһС
΢һΪɷ˾ϵĸƳʹ֮󣬿ֱ˵Ϊ磬һֵּǵı
΢ߵʱ˽µһʹͣȻԤһô
صɢˣ»΢ȻĻȻ˭ˣҲǳ˿ɢ˵˶Ц΢ȻǣֱӺ»صɸ˵һ¡
˵Ǹ˵˭Ҫߣ΢Ǻ˵ˣȴΪ΢֪°¼Ϊο͸¶ȥ
ǸȥɱˣҲЩ죬ܿ죬ͷӦ뵽һֿԡ
ô˵ɱ˿϶򵥣ҪȻԼͶˣұ˽֣֮Ϊ˲ɺйءºԷʮȷ΢Ǹڣһ۾ͿһΩΩФĻ񣬳˻񣬻д˵һЩĲϣ˵Ϊϸ꾡


߰ʮ 
µĻ΢ΪȻ΢ĶˣһŵУҪһ֣Լ֣ȻΥŹأһ¶Ȼ𷣡Թ˶֣õķ
ֻҪºһʱ佫ǸӶɱҲŽ޶֤
΢Կ϶ǸӦƺˣԼһ֣ʱ϶ڣ΢̫ࡣ
Կ϶ɵͷ£ȥǳ˵ĻҲԱʱ
ҪôտԷǳ˵ĶöԷͶڣҪôȥ̽ɱ֮˵ԷͶԷԿˡ
лȡȻΣգõҲԻþ޴档
еĵӣÿһӶҪǾе˺ɱԴĥΪ
ǲģҲ˵е֮ɱƾ£ŵɱ˷֮Ȼǰɱˣ֮ɱˣҲѰ
ʵϣ󲿷ɱŵӻʤΪȻŵŵҪǿһÿһŵǷ֮ɵһκƽ١
ӣӲˣִ򲻹Է֮ɲŻĻٿʱ򣬽ЩƳȥ
ѾǷĹ
ǰÿһɢ˶ὫһЩڻͳȥŵɱ˼󣬻ᱻŵնɱȡͷȥ
ŵҲһƣժġն˷֮ɵͷҪòϣһģԲ˵
Ȼе߲㶼ѣһЩŵŵӣȻɱϲս
ѡģǸ֡
ֻں͸ɱĹУܲϵͻƣΪս
Ѧļһ֣ʱ䲻ʮʱ䣬Ѿ۷壬Ҳֻһ
ҪǣѦļһʦʦѾһһλ֡
Ҳ˵ŵУѦļҲеλ
˷⣬Ϊһһ֮ҪչأʼѦļ߳ϵİտԷɹһµҪһʹʹɱһΪֻо֮սܽΪܰٳ߸ͷһĳɹ˳ϡ
ȻͨŵӲͬѦļʦ֡ݻ⣬⡣
ŵУһλҲǾԵмѦļкܴܷɹĵӣȻӡ
ʦ֡ǳɾɳĸ֣ȻⱲӶΪɣҲǼΪģʦ֡˵ѦļûκΣգһЩ֣һУʦ֡Ҳ̳֣Ȼһŵ붼Ҫġ
ʼ֮ѦļͺʹŵµС
һɽһݺǧٰϵķ֮ɣа򼶵Ű˵ΣգɽжŰɲСݽȥҲ
ȻɽǷΪŵġ´ͨɱͻԵɽŵ̽ھ򣬵ȻҲ֮ɻȡϾֻŵӵ棬ͳ˵׳ĺ壬ֻ˫ƾУá
⣬ҲǸڶ֮һᣬ׿ԽҲԻȻõôɹΪˣսбȥ磬ҲᱻС
еķ֮ɶ֪ɽΣգеķ֮ʼʱ򣬶ǰеķ֪֮ĵΣҲлֻвϵץסܸıˣĵԪľҲֻܱ޷ȥ
΢ҪɽģΪ˸ҪɱĿ꣬ڻɽҪȥҶԷֻҪչֳ㹻Էͻ
Ҳ΢ȥ΢ҲֲֻһҲ΢Ļ̫زۣս磬ҲóɾˣܺԼս硣
֮ǰգ΢ϵľڣΪò˶ãֻҪһԵ¾ͿԺϵɾɡ
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߰ʮ ɱ
΢ǴûԼгһտԲμһԡĽɫЩڻɽһʯķ֮⣬ʱԸɽģǾԶͨɫ
˿΢ȥŶӽɽϰٷ֮ɣʹͷ˻սǿĸ֡
ȻЩ˶һһЩǶ㲻ȥģȻΪŵӵΪǵһǶ룬ֺγЩ֮ɵ
ҪΪûнݾߣֻвϵսҲǿˡ
Դ˿ɽģǴˡ
˵ڴϣ΢ҪЩһΪ΢ȥĿԡ֮ǰΪɷ΢ùˣЧȷܺãΪɷ˼ƣʹ֮󣬿ɵֵһ¿ޡ
ΪɷȻԽԽãǼ˳ˣ£ȻǲܵõΪɷġ
ͬ΢ȥɽһԼΪɱ˵Ĳ¡
ɱɱˣҪʵ֮΢ֻһĿ꣬ٶΪֻҪˣսвʸ񡣲Ҳһ
˿̣ɽķ֮ɺͽɽķ֮γĶԱȣӳȻҲˣȴǺ޵ɫƻɢѡɽķ֮ɣһɱڣƱ
һһǣǲ
΢һС£Щ֮ɻ֮ҲɱӶᣬʵÿһ֮ɼɱҪࡣ±Ͼڷ꣬һЩ΢֪Ҫ࣬˿Ѿ
΢û˿ʶһһȻûͷųκϢǽצһ㣬˿ֻЦá
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һ˲֮䣬΢ͽϵ䷨ٶȿ쵽£ԷûжκӰ졣


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߰ʮ 
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⵱ȻѦļ˷ܡ
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λʦ֣һԿţһ֡Ѧļʱͱʦ˵λʦʦרģΪȹ̣ȻԽ֮ѦļԼҪӮҲΪѣпܲǶ˵Ķ֡
ʴ߶ԶߵԶģδܱЩ߲Զɾ統Уλʦ־ǶĴڡ
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ʱ΢ѾѦļвж˼ˣ֮˶һͽ䣬˵䷨භûģΪ˶ƾС
ԲЩ䷨ֱӿ
΢ֳаľɽѦļϣһɢâΪټͬǳƯ֮һ


߰ʮ ʦ
΢һɨ֪ԷõĶΪƷ˵϶Լаľɽ֮ϵġ
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ʯ֮䣬΢һ̳ɽХȥδǰһƬ򶼱˵Ƥһ㡣һ΢õ񽣾еġʽסѦļһ޾壬ƺӭ콣ֻ꣬˸˲ʱ䣬еǳ֮Ȼ󣬾Ȼգ֮ɢʮΧһƬȫڡ
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΢̧һצ޴ħֺХ֮צѦļ߶ħ־мɾʱͱһͬǽڵǳ֮赲ˣһǳ֮ǽƺзͨ΢ħִ˿̾ȻǱ΢Լ
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߰ʮ ׽
ոһֻǷڵʯ֮䣬΢ĨɱҲƻ֮ڣΪҲҪСĴۣҪ֪ɱһҪʩչĿ൱ģֱʩչױ㿪΢ڴ֮ǰϷɢɵעͻȻ֣ɱһһ
ȻҲǶɣһǾʦɱһҲˡ
ûȱͨͿôá
һߣ΢ʦֶƿǳѦļ˵ѾǰѶּ΢üΪĵɱһλʦ֣һѦļѾޱȡ
ȷ֮ţ׿Խ˵һλһʦӻ˵Ҫ÷Ҫꡣ
ƽڼ˾µһˣλΪ񣬳ɾ֮Ѿϵʦ֣ʵҲûз
ĶһһԿӮһԶҲʤ㡣ⲻ˵λʦΪʵţʦµǳкξ壿
Ǵ˿̣ˡ
λʦ־ȻǱħһУһһˣŵǸܿ챻ħͬɱ
ֻʣһ
־һ𣬰ܾѶ
΢˿ҲЩһƷѦļѹ壬ȻֶסԷѨȻһᣬѦļߡ
΢ļƻҪеƣ֮ǰûУˡ
ҪɱѦļ΢ȴľǱڣҲһҪ
Ϊ΢ûпԺͶԷ̸еĳ룬΢ˣĳѦļ
ȻֻдܶԷԷסԷԼƿصʱ򣬶ԷŻʮ˵
΢ľ顣
ڻɽУ΢ͼƻˣҲȺ˵㣬˿΢ѦļٽŨУǽֳʬ״׵ȻŽȥ
һƬ˸ҽȥģΧĶΪͱֵܶ룬ĶһմȾǹڣ𣬾һ룬Ҳһ
ͳ˽ء
΢ûʺ϶ء
Ȼ΢Ҳ˹κ׼ܶ࣬˵֪ʶԨ֪һǾǵ֮෴Ҳ˵鶼ԡͬⶾȻԵޱߣпⶾĶ
ⶫڶС
򲻸ˣ΢ⶾһֶݣԼңڶУȴǿкͶĶء
ֻҪ붾󣬳һƬⶾݵҶӣⶾʱ
˿΢һ·񱼣붾УȻԼѦļ¶ݣкͶء
ﶾ죬ڣṳ̂˵أ΢ԵɺϷֿԶкʹ˴ķţҲܽ롣
ʱѦļľֱ΢סѨãֻ΢ڲܽ붾ҲΪԾĶȻãѦļҲǴ֮ˣǸոնԷǿԼһƬҶӵԵʡ
һҲ˽΢ǰ̽µƣûʲô֮Ҳ˿úˣĽҡ
֪΢ҪҪҲǹɵĵ˵ͷһϥˣ΢
Ѧļڵϣ´ʵתķɿ죬ħҪĶ࣬ʹӶԷɱԼʦֵֶΣԼδŵͨʵǰѦļΪԼ˾µһˣһΪʵڲ˿ᵽɽɽ仰ĺ塣
ѦļҲˣԷɱԼ˼ûУǽԼط˵ǰħͼı
ûԸѦļ֮ӸԸ⣬õǰ̵
Ҳɴֱ࣬ӿڵΪտѦĳץҶɱң飬ʲôǾֱ˵ɡ
΢ЦЦȻߣԷҲı飬ҲΪˣʢ
Ѧļŵŵӣʲôû˵ܲ³飬Ȼôϲ£Ǿͼ²ץʲô΢һ䣬ҪѦļǲ㡣
Ȼ΢ʧˣѦļҡҡͷô֪ʲô˵Ҳ²ʲô
΢ǵȻŵӣȻбףӦòٰɣ
һʾ
Ѧļ۾һɣ˼һ˭ģǳ
΢ЩˣѦļӦҲԼֻ΢ʾһ£̾ܲ³˭ָʹҲµѾʮֽӽ


߰ʮ Ǻ
΢ûѦļɫĿ£ҿ϶еһģҲҲԣӦɱңһ˰ˣΪβɱңҴ롭
Ƭ̣Ѧļ۾һ뵽һˣħһ֣ҲһˣΪ־硣ɱңҲɱңǿ϶ὫڣΪǣƣҲΪԱԲɱңǽҴҪܸʲô
΢ЦĸȻѦļµĺܶԣԼ˼ֻϧߣԷ顣
ҲãöԷ׽͸
ѦļƺԼĲ²ģ˿ӿһͷ̵ħĺܶԣǵɱңԼҲǱɣ㽫°һ壬һˣҲ˵ЩƵĻһ仰ңҸǸĺô
һΣ΢ˡ
ʲôô
һ΢˵⻰Ѧļ֪Լ֮ǰȫƶȷ֮ǰЩɥʰġ
ⲻ֪΢ˣȻ̽öԷʵ
ôܶ࣬ȣҲɱڣΪûкôڣǺԸˣڣǻ䱾ңҲô򵥺ˡ˵һ䣬Ѧļӿһɺ⡣
˵ʵ˿޵Ĳ΢΢ı
˵Ѧļǽ˺֮ǣҲǳ˾ĸ֣Լû޳֮ǰʺ֮˺˺ԼĳԹһ仰Ҳ˵ģ֮ΪڲһЩԴ棬ǻԹ
˵ҪҲʵ⡣
΢ҲܿѦļ˲ûŪıƣһӶԷͷƻǾͿԿ˵ѻй΢ǿԿġ
Ҫǿ˵ƾңô΢һ䣬ʹ˵ʵϺʡģΪһЩ벻ĶǶ뵽Ѧļ΢˵꣬Է͵ϣ϶ΪΪ˻ô˵ǬﻹһЩΪɷȥã⣬ҵĳԹΪɱĵӣǺңǳҶŮɵͯ꣬ǣˣһ¡˵һȣŮɻд飬ҿԸ㣬ƭ㣬Խóڣʱ¡˿϶뷨ӳңԷҲнһʦ𣬲ңôҺгġ
΢ƤѦļͦŮԵİǶ˳ŮɵĴ֮¡˵һȣȷ¡΢֮ҲгԹ˵Ѧļ治
Ͼ˵ĵˣǾѣҪǣ۹۲ѦļͷƻǣԷû˵˵ʵҪġ
Ȼ΢ϲĽ
Ѧļ˵΢ȡԷǬһָȻҳǼţȻ˼٣΢鷨ʦһ㻹ǿȷġ
֮⣬ѦļȷвΪɷ΢ȻҲһЦɣⶫԼ¶дãܲܿһɾͷˣƽʱĵλۡ
ʱ΢ͻȻʵпǰĴ󣿡
΢УҪԿܲͨ»ȥϾսΣ̫
Ѧļһ㶣û뵽΢ǵͷȻУִź򣬾ڵݣǲܹȥģ͵͵Ǳ룬·Ҳᱻ˷֣ʱʮ
ȻѦļô˵΢վǴһ˿ϣȻоĿշˣʱȴ԰ѿء
һ꣬ʮ꣬ȫ΢ĻԵ컯Ϊ˲غϵ΢ڵʵĻԵͱ̬ޱȵĴУſڶʱڷ޿ܡԼϾڶɳйλʱ̵Ļţ˿Լţʱ䳤ˣͶˣǵʱȻ˻£Լʧ֮һִˣһᳯʧصķչô˵˾ٿ϶ҪˣϾλһֱš
пܣ΢뾡ȥ
µǲżԴӳ顣
֮ǰ΢ץѦļҲֻǴöԷ룬ȡԼռ䣬ڼȻҪѦļô֮ǰƶһЩƻҲҪĸˡ
ãô΢ʵѦļˣҵ֮ȥΪҪչسˣа˳ϵİգ⣬һ˵̿ɱ֣ɱλʦ֣ȻնɱһҲõĵʱָʹ鷳ˣΪѾˡ


߰ʮ б
ѦļΪȫ棬ΪϿң΢ҲС˼˵仰ˣѦļȥ֮ˣʱܵľǳ˺Ѧļ˫ļлˡ
Ѧļһֱգ΢û
ʱ߹ȥſ
Ѧļһ㶣һֲĸоҡҡͷ΢һѾһֻͨ͸ķʳ档
ĴָСеһֺֻĲϱڲϵ䶯
ӣѦļɫˣϵӵĵϸʵµľǸֳӡ
ħҪʲôҿĳģУɱʦҲ㣬ϾϼˣҲǳ£ιιû˵ѦļЩˣոԼſʲô˼
ǧ򣬱ԼǸ˼
ʲôʲôѦļٻ˵ʲôʱ΢磬һŶԷ°ͣһֱֻӽĲϱƽ
ȥ΢˵һͼѦļžֵ۾һǲϱֱӱ̵
Ѧļͷϵĺˣ΢ɿ֮һŻֻϧ֭³Ҳ޼£޷ǲϳ³
ҳʲôѦļЩ
ûʲôһֹƳˣĺȻʲô¶ûУԺǳˣӿԿ꣬Ȼ÷޴󷨣ʱҪָڵΪҪʮ꣬ҪãˣҲңңҲô΢ƽΪߣѹı飬ⷬѦļʵԣҲԲðա
һģѦļ֪ԼĿ޷Ļᣬ˵ɱҪܣ϶޷ܵġ
ӣԺó𣿡Ѧļ֪ľѳֻۣˣҲɵ֮϶Ҫ뷨ӽǳȡģʲô۶ҪȡҪʣ޷ȡҲˣơ
ȻԣھͿóΪ˰ȫǹЩӱȽϺããҲá΢ȻҲܰˣܻ෴Чǳӣʵϲû΢˵ôѦļѾ۷壬ǳĸƶĹƳ棬۷ĸֵԼҲСĿ˵ˣ΢թ
Ҳû취飬ԲͬȼĶ֣ԼҲޣ΢ɱѦļҪǣЩѣ΢ƳŻ
ȻƳȷƵ˵ģԷֻһͨɣ¹Ƴ棬ֻ΢Ļ΢Ҫʲô͵ʲôֻҪһƳҲܿٷֳ̳ꡣ
Ƴ壬ٿѦļɵһЩ
¾վں棬Ҳ΢ʱ֪Ӧʲô΢ѦļϵĽȥѨ⿪߻һ¾վϴεɫϾ˭˹Ƴ涼ˣҲΪɱڵĹƳ棬ħ˵ôаһǹƳ滵Լ㲻ҪҲԻϰٱ
գð
˵ȷĺϾħȻΪߣҲֻһ֣ĵǳ
뵽ѦļǾ˭ģЩ˵˰ɣ
΢Ҳʹ죬ֱӰѳˣѦļһҲǵ˵ͷҾ֪ôڿԷ˰ɡ
΢˵ͷѦļʱͻȻº΢߻Ƶ鷨Ȼ뻹ǵ鷨ǴŵŪİɣڻ𽣵Ҳϡ棬Ůϵ絶ǰǲػŮƵģŮĽʲôš
Ѧļϸ룬΢֮ǰǸ»ɱŮɣǲأ
ԶԣأѦļҲ̷Ӧһ㵵㲻ǰصӸ˰ɣ
΢˵ͷѦļα鼫ΪʵδˣػǶЩŮʮ̵ֻģ֪ɱһŮˣ϶ưոݣصСӣǿɧͷļƷҶӺܾã˵ػҲǽ³裬ǲػǣҲ볢Ů˵ζˣϧȻɱˣǲϧ񣬰ѽϧϧ֪֮ǰǸһ¡
΢һѦļնɱĳ嶯һ֮ǰȷһظ֣ʵҲǿֻû뵽Ȼ˵Ĳŵ˵֮ǰ΢ӡǴྶͥˡ


߰ʮ ػ
뵽һﳣҲΪŮˣ˯¡˵£Ҳ鳡һӣôΪصŮ˿ϧƺҲڳУ΢Ҳ֪ԷҲһϷɷ֣Ӧþͽʾ
֮Ѧļһ򵥽ɫȻˣȳ¡ˣǸͼıϣǳ˺ܶࡣ
߰ɡ΢ڰ֣ѦļҲûٶ˵ԥתߡ
ȵѦļ뿪²߹Ȼ˵ᣬﵱеҪϡ
΢˵ͷѦļţڷӦÿԻȡ㹻ԴڷҲٺܶ鷳л͵͵ǸԵﶫĴ
ȻⶼǺ󻰡
죬û¶棬ǶⶾʱŪΪɷǴѦļϾ̵ٺô
΢ѦļԼѦļ˵Ѿ̿նɱ΢ȻǲȥⶾȻֻвﷶΧȴû˻У΢µҲ徲
⼸ʱ΢¿νǻ࣬ΪǾ̫࣬£΢ÿս̵ϵľ飬˵ΪһǧϵҲֻһ
ȵ֮ʱգҲӦýˣ΢¶˸ͷ棬΢ߣǴǰһƤߣһ󺺣ҲǸƤ˲ŴӶг
֪ģ֮󣬻нӽʮʱ֮ܶɶɽΪ
ֻζ˴Ӷг֮ȴǷɽоȻǿһˡ
΢ʶһɨȷɽѾˡ
ûһˡ
Ȼǳ΢Ԥ֮⡣Ҳüͷɢ˴꣬˵ʮΣûһҲ֮ǰڶУǶŨҵĵطԸһʶûǾҲ֪
£ԾСһ㣡΢˿Ƥȷ̫죬˭ܽɽеķ֮ȫɾ
ʱһǳ֮Լٶҫ΢ǰʮ֮⣬ǳ֮ٶ֮죬գۼ
˾֣΢üͷһ壬˿ǳ֮ɢȥһͬƾճһվǰһΪӢɣһǻӳĵۣΪ죬֮⣬ϾȻһֻ
⻨һ㣬ΪŹʮƬ䣬Ϊ΢ͨȻóһ֦ϱ죬Ʒߵ
λ˵ΪҲѾǵ۷壬΢ҪȾ˺˶Ҫǿһ
΢ûλˣȻԷǲ⣬Ѿڿ˼Բߡ
۾¶ζЦݣɨ΢һۣǽĿںϡ
һ̣һУѾһӰӰһ֣΢͸оµԼһ¡
Ȼʶʶ΢ҲɢеǸ֮ǰڷ׷µǸɡ
˿̣ǰͬһ㣬ͷ֮ɫ
ʵ˵ǸɫĪǾǺǸŮˣ
ɨȥһۣһʼûϳ£ϾǻƤµϢȴûб仯ػˣ¡
ܺãǲػһץȻ֪ʩչʲôͨȻǽŵһƤճ
¾ޱȣҪ֪ϻȡ£ƤҪַ˸ժߡΪٸߣҲӲ
Ƥ߱£Ȼ¶¾գǲػһ۾һͷãȻòϼѣˡ
ǱһϲȼˣҲֻвػ˲ӵС
ô˵ǵڶμµݣҲöѣڣɲٶ࿴һ£²ػǨŭ
֮ǰ뵽Ķƣ֪λػϲŮɫֻҪ֪֮ĸŮɫϼѣ̾ͻὫ°ߣץȥ֡Ůа£ػԻὫնɱ
ǲػ·񣬾Ϊ֪ЩŻѡַӱ
ԼòģԸǱ˲ػҲùǸļһ˿̣һԹ֮ɫҪǸô
΢ʱҲˣѦļػֻû뵽ԷΪǸŮɣΪ¡
˿˪һս̬ǲػȴǶ£¶а֮ɫӸҪĳ嶯Ҫ֪Ϊ㣬ҿǷ˴󹤷ˣûУɽķ֮ɶҸ˳ȥһһ̲飬ǽҵ˿ɲҪ˷һƬ⡣ˣڴ֮ǰұ㽫һЩ֮˳ȥû顣
˵ţ̧һƣ΢


߰ʮ ս
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΢ȫ֣ʩչħʦֶΣ¡һ˶սԿⲻܣλػ΢ͺʤˡ
ûʤ㣬Ǿֻһ·ӡ
΢һˣҲڣ΢ܺ޹˼ɵӡ
Ҫ¡
ⲻֻһӳɽҲ̫Զ˾޷ս磬ӣӣôҲȻ
˵Ǿ
ʱԼǶһɳƷɹ٣ԷҲʹס֣ݻʵ䷴ɱڵ飬΢̫࣬Ͼ޶֤
΢뵽ʱǲػͻȻˣõľժǹֶΣɲ֮䣬Ѿǵ΢š
˵һƣ졣
һɣһԽɱ΢ԲһɣʱҲҲ׾ֻܶǿֶΡ
ΧʮɷΧŵڵʱ΢һһ֡ճһġ֣һ̣ػѾǺ䵽ֽƬ̾ͱ飬Ƭʱ΢ҲѾ㹻ˡ
ͼ΢һֱֳʣһ£ʩչŲ֮ʼӡ
ӲҲӡ
΢Ȼͨ赲ƬԼǲػҲɫһ䣬׷ɱ
˾۷֣һ̤Ѿ׷΢̧һȭ
һȭﷶΧȭͷ棬ɲ֮䣬ǰ΢
΢оȣ֪ͷҲأֻͷͻȻܲƣ㣬ն£ٲ꣬Ҫ񽣾赲ǻȭ
ػһ¶мЦݵˮ赲ҵڤȭ
񽣾ȻǶǻ𺣺ް취΢ʱ򷨾ͣ꽣ܼ䣬ʱ΢Ȼͷ񽣾򣬵һ̣Ȼһ䡣
һ̣꽣ͻײȻǷˮײĴ죬ֻգ֮䣬ػڤȭȻǱ롣
ڤǲսڤ𺣣ɻҲŽǰʮˣȻᱻ𣿡ػɫѿһ񽣳£֮ҲܵһΣǲܡ
£ƲǽﷶΧ֮ҵǧٿףһаɸߵɽҲǱ΢񽣺ƽɽһ󼲷ҵ𶯲ѡ
ҲǱŲ·ıӡ
ֲǽأɢˮһ̣ЩˮͻȻȻγǵصĺХֻգ֮䣬ѾһƬ
һһƬռ˻ɽ֮һЩȫһƬ͹νǾ춯ء
һˮǧˣˮȻˮСӣһ£վסػһƬƬ̣¶̰֮ɫ˿΢ѾŲƳ֮⡣
ո΢ʩչ񽣾ھ޴ѹ֮¾Ȼͻƺ򣬲һµľ磬Ȼ񽣼꽣ʽˮȴȫͬ
ֻ΢ʱϾ˼飬ȻҲ·һƬ󣬵Ҳûʱ俼
ڵΣմҪǵ飬Ϊ˵ٶȲǳԴ˿΢ǱŲƣȥѾ΢ٿ죬ҲȲ˾Ĳػ
΢ֻһ·Ǿϣһֱϡ
ܿ΢͵˻ɽĽڱԵ棬ս硣
ʱ΢ͷһǲػѾ׷Էٶȼ΢Ҳܲ
䵽粫һ֪΢ߣ˿̷Ī
΢רܵԲǻŲ·мƻƣϸ֪ȷΨһĳ·
ǲػʱ¡ͳ˹ҲǸʱһ·ûУڲػһؾ͹ˡ
΢֪ԸԼðκΣգҲû˵ϻڻɽĽϻһȱڣȻ΢һûսС
վס˶ǣսֻ·һػŭ׷ǰԥݣսС
˲ʱտιػβ۷壬Ȼսߣ˿һȻѾֲ˵Ӱ
ãոһΪҵշ籩ιǽǶѾߣһս磬û˾Ϊȹ̲ΣԵֵѹ͸ʴʱ˾ͱɣɶ˶ˮ֮ôˡػһշ籩Ȼһ׷˹ȥ


߰ʮһ ̩ɽʬ
΢ð̤ս˲䣬͸о統еһƬҶ޷ȹΣɲ֮ͱһɼΪҵշ籩ȥǧ֮⡣
ɽԭһ޴ޱȵȻƬ֮䣬ѾֻܿƴСֹƬ̣ʲôˡ
˻ԿǾ޴ޱȵɽʲôһƬڡ
ֻ΢鷳֮һ˱շ籩ĶƮ֮⣬鷳Ļսо޴ѹεģãһ˲ͿԽһ˾֮µֱѹ顣
֮⣬ս绹иִиʴ֮Ĺδ֪Σգûп֮µһʮϢʱͻʣһӣͻ
ʱ΢Ѿʶģ˯΢ҲܣΪϾҪ˺ܶ࣬ʱڻܼ֡
΢Ҫսķ籩סҲϼѣΣ΢ֻǷֳԼǿǿԼ£沨
շ籩һеʱֹ֮֮ңʮﶼƬ̣΢Լ֪Լʲôط֮֮ǰѾǾ޴ޱȵɽˡ
΢˿Ҳǽ֣ԼټƬ̣ѾˡΪȻϾԼ̫࣬ʱ΢ԼЩŲסˣȻ⡣
΢ʮϢ¾ͻ
˵̤ڣ΢Ҳξûô΢ԼҲˣȴҪ˭Щܲˡ
ƫƫʱ΢ҲûʲôӣսУû˾ΪʩչԼ΢ͨ쳹֮ܣ˿ҲΪ
޾֮·΢Ҫ׾ʱͻȻǰһ޴Ӱ
΢ΪԼˣϸ˿ǵȷһӰ
ӰֻʣϰǾ޴ޱȡ
ж
ٹǳȾͳʮ
˵΢󲻵ϻ˾޴ˣ΢ֿǾ޴Ӱʱշ籩Ȼͣˣ΢뾡Ǿ޴Ӱɹȥ
Ϊˣ΢ķ˼Ԫ֮Ҳǰ˵ϲɣɾһ㡣
Ǿ޴Ӱһ˲֪õʬôƯս統У΢µ˽ǰȻ޴ʬкܶɹ˽Ŀ׶΢ҲģǱ˽ȥ
֮սЩѹ͸ʴ֮ȻȻʧͷ·ǽ뵽ĳһܵ˱ӻԸսеѹշ籩
΢ʱ˿ͬһ㣬΢ҲǼΪң飬󱳡ֱ۵ĵطвٵطѪģǱշ籩ٶȼɰܵˡ
ϵǿȾͻһҪߺܶ࣬΢ֻˣ޴󰭡
΢ҲûʱкԼһط·£鿴״̬
Ϊܵ΢ı²ûжˣҪսб¶ʱѾԵС
΢ȡһƿҩϵȵ鵤ֱӸȥö΢óöƷʯһ󷨣Ϊ»㼯֮
ҲˣֻҪһͿҩʯΪ˼ӿ޸ٶȡ
һ΢˿лڵĵط
ӦǾ޴Ưʬ߹λãֻ޴ޱȵĲʬ֪˶ˣѾӲͬһӲޱȣ΢ȡаľɽһӲϻһ£ȻǴײ죬ޱȵаľɽȻֻ¼ΪϸСĻۡ
Ӳ̶ȣѾˡ΢һ˼飬ʱҲϸ룬ǵһЩɺμжƵļء
Ҫ֪΢ϤĶֻսһȽϾ޴ս޴ޱȣ磬˵ǰ󣬲֪жټδδŵ¡ݼսһսߵν̩֮ɽ塣
̩ɽص;޴һЩμáɣϥΪһɽ̽ժǣһһ籩̩ɽľ޴
΢֮ǰҲֻǾЩţڿ޴ĲʬƯս磬֪Щμһ㶼ûпš
΢еһ߹ǣͬһ༹ɽһ޴ޱȣ֮ǰԶһʬȫò˿УѾǿˡ
΢֮ǰҲǺľ˿ǴǬȡһϣȻһϥָ֮
˷ҲǱǲػ׷ɱѲŽսУ޴̩ɽʬ΢Լ¶
ػһ΢壡΢Ѿ˾ģҪ֮ȥǸػ


߰ʮ Ѫᾧ
һ޴̩ɽʬĿĵհƯ֪Ʈδս֮΢ʱҲΪġ
ֻǵʲôã
¸޷ƿؾ棬ôһ֮ѾǺܲˣ¶յУǿɾֻ·һˡ
ս¸棬֪˶ã΢һ£ӦҲȥ߸ʱˡ
Լ󱳺ֱϵѾָ߰˰ˣ˿΢ҲˣϵƤҲժ£ָòطһˣҲûڵıҪ
Ϣƽ࣬ҪҪһʱ䣬ϾΪûкϵô¶յôãܻѾ൱ˡ
΢бҪ̽һʬһʲô£Ҳ׼ϾʱΨһı
ֳʦʣ΢ʹգͽڵĵطΧΪһ壬΢Լ˾վڽǰҲԷ¡
ʦֶμΪ΢ҲԼĻʦ
ʶ̽΢ܿ˴֪ʲôƣȻԽʶ赲ʮɵķΧҲ˵ʶ޷̽Χġ
΢ߣ޴ޱȣͨͨ˴ֵ΢ǸӵСĽΪ̩ɽǲЩͨģ϶ΪȻﻹˡ
Ϊ£΢ֻﷶΧ֮̽飬ûҵκˣһֻ̩ɽʬСһ֡Ϊ£΢Զ΢Ƿ˻ĺۼ
ߣ΢˼޴Ŀնṹ˵Ӧ̩ɽ˵Ƣλá
̩ɽ˵Ƣ࣬ҲȻǾ޴ޱȣ˿Ѿȡߡʵϣ΢ͨǱ֮⣬̩ɽ˵ġѪܣ
Щ΢͵˵ҲߵͨȻдСϸСһЩģ΢ִܻͨһЩģ˲ߡ
Ȼ֮ȻԹһ׽ʶҲֻ̽ʮɾ룬ʵǲ΢Ҳ̫ʧ
һֱ˲ʮʱҲǲʱ䣬²
һ¾Ƿӿ΢֮ŷ½䱸˵΢С
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ܺϵɣô鷳ӦҲҪǿܶ࣬ڴ֮ǰ΢ҪȺ½̩ɽʬ̽һ顣
µĹԿΪԲЯɽУ絶ɹص鷨Ҳսϸ΢
һǰһ˳̩ɽ˵ľߣ̩ɽ˵ѾˣҲǱߣǱߣӦûо޴Ĵڣ΢Ǳ
ôȡߵģҲǧˡʱ䣬΢²ŵ̩ɽ˵ಿλ
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նһɽǰС¿ףǰҲֻԼѾݽߵڡ
ϣ΢ͨȥԿǳһѪɫᾧھ޴ϣ˷Уɢʱ⣬ԲǷ
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Ȼˣ΢ȻҪ׷ȥǺһٷ£°ɾ룬Ȼ׷Էľͨ
ոµʱ΢˳һץҲȡһѪɫĽᾧʯ֮΢һӦǼ񵽱ˣѪɫᾧϾȻ̺ΪǿѪֻ֮һᾧѪ֮ѾͬһαȫľѪϡ
ͨɵʿȻʹֶҲֻѪֻħʿΪá
΢޵İ˻ѪȻʺ־ѪᾧĹȻ΢˵Ѫ֮ʯһıء
΢ҪǸӰ˭
΢ٶȼ죬ǸӰԸϤְƣȻʧȥ˶Էټ
׷ˣ塣Ϊ˱΢£ط˵̫İһԷǹǣһ·׷ȥƱػԿ֪΢˵ûҲǵͷͣ¡


߰ʮ ȳȵ
֮΢˻صķλãһտ޴󣬾鷳ҲжֵĿռ䣬֮⣬΢ЩѪᾧڱصã΢˵ЩѪᾧǾ޴ĲƸҪ֪ƽհ˻Ѫ񹦣Ҳ޼ɵ˾ѪΪãһ֮˵ľѪȼ̫ͣǵãкпľѪĿ꣬ҲŪ٣Ͼ˾ѪƱҪսܶħɱ˲ɷɱ֮⣬Ҫǲ˻ħľѪգһ֮Ѫޣȡ֮Ѫ쵼¾Ѫ
Ѫ֮к
ư˻Ѫ񹦵ħʮоŸ󶼻׷Ϊͬ˵ľѪǴӻ⣬¾Ѫ߻ħҪôɵҪôڷ
ľѪᾧȴǾޱȣһЩ˵ѪҺھǧʱҲݽߣɢѪҺȻɽᾧѪ֮ǿ;΢ֻ֪̩ɽ˵ѪҺпɾѪᾧ˵̩ɽ˳ʱ壬֮ͯʱھΪҪʱѾɣһЩǿ̩ɽ˸Ǵﵽˣͽɵĳ̶ȡ
ֻ̩ɽϡ٣ս־޴ޱȣҪҲס
΢˿ڵ̩ɽʬϣ̩ɽ֣ӦϹʱڵ̩ɽˣŵʱӦһĸ֡
̩ɽ˵ĲʬķλľѪᾧǼֵȻ԰˻ѪΪͬһ˵ľѪڸѪҺ㼯Ҳû߻ħΣգԿȥʮĿޡ
΢֪Ȼʱסʬڼޱ޼ʵսεǼΣյģ˵ﻹб˴ڣֻʵӦԸ鷳
΢ֱ̩ɽ徫Ѫᾧ
ľѪᾧӦкܶ࣬Ǵ˿ʣ࣬޴ޱȵвٿӶ߽ᾧʱµģֿӶʣµĽᾧҪܶࡣ
ȻҲȡЩѪᾧԷҲѪ֮
΢Ҳ˻Ѫ񹦴£ҲûħģóȻħ԰ѳֱֻӶħǰϵ洦ҲǴͷ
»΢̿ʼð˻ѪЩѪᾧΪ⾫Ѫͬһ壬ڶ෽ӵҲףƬʱ䣬΢еһö쵰ĽᾧѾǱȡһƬɻء
΢ʩչժǹһץʮһöѪᾧͱ΢ȡµУ
ꡣ
һ߰˸Ѫᾧ΢˿̻ҲǵһŨѪɢħ
˻ѪħʩչʱȻħ
˿ǱħҲһҼ±ԣѪű΢ȴ˿ͣȡ¾ʯ֤ߵϰ˵΢ΪԶͬˣȻǿԼ̶ʱľѪ֮Ѿͬ߰ɵΪˣ΢Լ޻Եٵꡣ
ƽƹ˿ʱҲʱ͵õǰ˻Ѫ񹦵֮
ֻ׶˺ܴЩѪᾧͬһ壬߰˸˵ľѪ΢ԼҲԳԲ
ʱ΢ͻУе˿û춯ǴСġ
˺ܾ֮ܿǰӰ֮Ϊ΢ȡľѪᾧԵʡ
ԷΪǼ΢ƺûвҲûκƺֻԶӡ
΢Ҫˡ
һ΢ͻȻ֣ʩչժǹ߲似ժ֡ŶԷץ˹ȥժֽľɲǼȻСģ첻΢һժ֣Ǳץš
ҲʩչһŹֵĵȻǻΪһûʵ壬΢Ҳץһա
ֻǽŸոյ΢ͨѾǿӹȥִ̧ϰٵӡԷȥ·
ǻһҲӲµƷǱƳԭͣϸһһڣȳһȵĵˡ
ϵĵѾĿԭӣͷң꣬һ˫۾Ž䱸׺ݣȻˣȳȵϵǿ֤ˡ
΢ҲǸϵγɰ֮ƣסȳȵ˵·΢һͿȳȵΪӦúԼһҲ۷徳硣
ȻɣǾͲˣˣ޷սߣȻȳȵ˺ԼһǱڴ˴Ŀˡ
ٿȳȵ˵ӣԷڴ˴ʱǲˡ
λ֣ˣ΢ҪʶԷȻҪ


߰ʮ ħڳ
˵Ҫ΢ͶãȻҲ̶ֵ̼زƷɹٵĸλ
ӵǹϾֻһԼ΢ϲ㻵ˣеʱΪԼ棬ҪһЩµʱҲԥ
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ͬ˿̣΢Ȼﵱȳȵ˵ܻ߷΢ҲԲ
΢˿ĴкԷζӦûӦһ䣬ȳȵȴ˫۴ŵӺ׺ƺӦóһɫ΢
ȻҲܿ΢¶ĸв
΢ҪʧȥĵʱȳȵͻȻ˵ˡ
ɡֻɣε˴ģ˵꣬ȳȵΪɵ´Ҳ֪ʲô
΢һЩߣȳȵ˶ȻǿԼֻΪɶǣǲܵģһĸֽ˴
ԣȳȵΪ˾֡
Ҷ˵ҲֻǻԵɺϰˣոóȻֻΪ˺͵˵仰λּ£֪γƺ˴ʲôط΢ЦȻҲʱȳȵͻȻ׼
ȳȵԲɵ΢֮⣬ЦֻǶˣƭ˭أʬսεһ߹˾֮¸ܵ˵ɣ˭ģλںδΪβһ
һ仰ǳ˵ģȳȵȻĺǿ
΢ȻҲ£öԷɵܱȲɵĺãĿǰˡ΢ҳѯʵ֣ǲ棬Ǳ뿪ɣҲҪҶڴ
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΢ԿЦߣǵȻߣֻȻܣ˵ʵƯսеĲʬ΢ˡ
΢¶һȳȵһ䣺ǸϽ𣿡
΢жȳȵ˱ЦУǰɣһֱߣʱھУǾѪᾧȰǱˣõԽ࣬Խ磬ž;ԡ
˵꣬ȳȵһȳһյĺ˼ȻλɢҪ뿪΢ûöԷ뿪³
£΢ץȥƷһƵԷĶȳȵҲǴŭСӣ㼸ҳ֣Ϊ㲻ɡ
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΢󳷼վʵҲħ֮ˣ
ô΢ȻǿǹԷõҲħħ֮ˣȻһϳħڵĹ
ȻȳȵҲվȻ֮ɫԭħڵˣҾ;ù죬ԭͬڣǴˮԼ˲Լˣħڻ֮һȼɽĸÿڵĵӣ񡣡
˵ţȳȵ˾ȻȡһڲľƳ΢ǰ˻Ρ
ǴħݵƣȻдŻϹȼɽ֣ħеĽƣܷð
΢ȻҲдݵƾ֤Ǿħָ΢ħָϿûֵģΪ΢ħڵħħָһķֻΨһһ٣ħָķֻħ
Լȼɽ԰΢ֻǰЦһ£Ȼħָȡ
ħָһȳȵ˹ȼɽӶɳˣǸоԼۻˣ۾ֿˣֱӾһʧħָ


߰ʮ ħ
ȼɽȷҲû뵽ľȻħָɲۻħָ˼٣Ϣ϶һݵġ
˿ȼɽţһŵĿ΢һһû¹ĸڣɳƵĿ¡
㡭ħڵħ
΢֪ԷȻϳԼħħƣǾ˵ȼɽħ֮ɣֻ΢û˵ȼɽħڵĻӦа˸΢ᣬҲûнȼɽġ
ȻȼɽǰεĻϵҲпûᵱС
˿ȼɽʣ΢ȻǵͷϣħڵӼħк񣿡
΢䷴ʵǳħݣϾûʲôɷϵģһǹȼɽıͷḻˣŴ󣬴ŲţֲòţҰħڵĹأħҪйݴģǷ˴ɡ
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֮󣬹ȼɽɵҹȼɽɣħħһĵ֪ͨħ˿ɻʩչ
ȻǼħָϳƺħˣȼɽǲŵġԷԵͨ΢Ҳܲµõ
ħڵʦԬ̿գħ֮λʹ˱̿ĵĪа֮̿ս粻֪٣Īаִħڣ֮ΪƽԪħڣ֮ѶƽĪаˣħڵ˥䣬һֱ΢ԵɺϴŲĪалͼĪаŴĪанӹħ֮λ
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ȻҲпһħħű䡯
΢ЦʣȳԿħű䣿ֻǴ
˵ţ΢ֱһһ߳߳߷ԾȻУ֮
ʦ֮߳ߣֽųػ˵΢ʦѾǾ洫˿ǷȱҲֻǻѡ
ħű䣬ּ΢ʩչֻħħеĻǹȼɽٲһ˿ɣ˿̾¹򵹣ͷ
ȼɽ֮ǰħеħҪ
һǹûκλ֮ɫȴΪħű仹ʦǶֻħħյĹο΢ħָӹɡ
΢ͨȥȼɽ˿̵ȷĳ⣬˿ûм⣬ҲΪпȼɽ֪ڴ˴ã˵¹죬˶Щ񲣬ħڵĹȴ˳Ծ
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ʱ˼ΧȼɽΪãһȣλҲأշ籩УҲż޴ʬѡ
֮ʱȼɽһֱǴʬУɽ֮ıħڵУȾ
һ˵֣΢ϺˣħڵĲᵱеȷ֣ԷҲȷǻ֮һ
ȼɽȻʮָˣħڵ飬֪ħ˥ܣֻħɽϢҲһп
ħڵεƣԴĪаħܴѣħڱһղһգħħ۷簡ȼɽʱ΢һݣ΢æֽ֮һ£֪ħˣԹغͱּΪصĹȼɽ˴
΢֪˹ȼɽ⣬һλħڵĴڣҶԷħΪȻҪ𣬶ȼɽһҲһŵҶˣ۴ڰǰʬһЩöʬԴǵطмǿʬֻ۴ϲܽ룬Ѿչаˣ۴֪ħˣȻܸˡ
˵ţҪ΢ȥ
΢ҲûƴǣһŹȼɽ˳̩ɽľ߹ȥ
·Ϲȼɽ˵ЩѪᾧħޣȻҲѪ֮ʱҲ뱦⣬ʱʬеľѪᾧܶ࣬Щ˲֪٣ΪҲͨħ񾳽˴ħҲɾ磬ֻȼɽ΢⾫ѪᾧȻмĺôҲб׶ˡ


߰ʮ ʬ
ЩѪᾧĶˣմȾ˲֪˶ãҺ񱻸˽ƣеʬķţƯ֮ãЩʬʬͷ­УɼˣѪʯҲմȾһЩľѪᾧ൹Ҳ޷ˣͻʬʴޱߡ˵ţȼɽõԿӺؿڲλȻǺ˵Ũ
¼ҵĶҲüͷһ壬΢ãⶾΪԵҪ֪ȼɽҲħ֣ħΪͬ۷壬ϵĶȻǽħʴĶޱȣⷭ𣬴żΪʬ΢һ̺ܿʬǿѾǿҪѹȼɽȼɽҪ˼ͻ᳹ױЩʬʴҪôҪôûǵʬħ
ʱ۴Ϻҿ˶ľѪᾧҶǼΪϲģԾ޼ɵ۴Ϻʬͷ­кܶඥԲɼ㹻ľѪᾧбչزңǷЩѪᾧֻ˶̶̼ʱʹħһԾΪħ񣬿ҲΪ»ˣӡϵʬѾҩɾȣ޷ҽħв̰ͼ⾫Ѫᾧ·ȼɽ·˵Ͽҡ
һȻǵ΢Ҫ֪΢ոѾʮöѪᾧ΢ҲմȾʬ
΢˿̱ĿϸӦҲȷǷ֮ǰԡ
ЩѪᾧǱħѪ󷨿ԼΪʡȥʮϰÿһᾧУһЩʬ
һᾧϣʬȷǲԣȫڽᾧУԷֱ棬ɣȻҲմȾʬ΢ڵΪȻᷢɵĶˣǹȼɽǧ龫ѪᾧʬͻԽԽ࣬ʱͻһʰ˵ɣǷҲС
΢ոɾѪᾧ˿վתΪ΢ϵİֵ;ʼǷΪ΢֪ҪƳЩʬֻܶ÷֮
Ϊ⣬ͬһĵͳڵҷ֧һ࣬ȴǷ֧һΪĪһ֡
һȫֻǴ̫һ;ǱֵѭǵȻ淨·ӣɱɱУΪһӣ̽ѰҲȻ֮ѭҪɵڵϸһ¥ĳɵ׷Ѱǻۣأ򷨣Է۹ˣƶ񣬱ǷǣȻ⣬ʵϱӽΪ۹۳سɷ֮νΪۣ۳ƻãΪաʲôЦŭʲôҲǿգʹĥȻȻǿգο׷Ѱ徲ڣҲ
ֻľǱ仯Ī⣬飬ĳɾͷλȻκһм΢֪Ǻŷ֮ΪȴֻʣΪͷľʮǧ
ĳɷֻɲǣҲ԰һ̰һʹĥȻҲԸʬ
΢̵һ꣬΢ԣβ͸ΪԲֻ֪ҪǣֻҪҪ飬Ͳֻ֤޲֤Ҫ΢λ΢ܾһΪ΢֪Լ֤ҲΪ΢һɳɹ٣ĳɷǹĸһӦ
ڣ΢Ҫת𷨣򷨲֣򶾲ȾͨƳڵʬΪ΢һָоЩʬŹ֣ھһ
һ̣΢ͻȻԺӿַ⣬Χһҫ֮¾Ȼ̫࣬һ΢һѾǽеʬȶгΪһźǺƺҪ΢ڣȴǱǷƵĶá
ħħˣ⡭ǣȼɽĿɿڴ˿΢ֱͬǷһ㣬徻ȾǰԶǧ֮⡣
һ΢͵ĽбƳʬԷȼɽڵʬһԣ΢ͷˡ
һڵķΪ޷ôʬǹȼɽѾж̫Ҫʬɱ
΢ֻܷ
ȼɽҲ֪΢ոҪҲһȣּ΢Լڵʬɫһף˷ˣǳħ򲻿ɣڴ˴Ѿ꣬ʬѾΪһ壬ܸǿиħԼ֣ͣħ˺졣
΢֪ȼɽ˵Ǵʵֻͣ£ܽԼڵʬҲѾ似ùȼɽ۷ѡ


߰ʮ 
ħ˹Ȼ񹦸ȻԽʬһЩѪᾧû˺֮ǣħ˽ȡȼɽ˵΢ȴҡͷ˴ʬ򵥣֮ʴ꣬Ҳǽңδؾͻôˡ
΢˵ǴʵոЩʬɣʵһ㶼ɣҷ״̬΢Ҳάֲ˶ãҲһ޷ʬʱѰ·ЩѪᾧã΢Ҳȡˡ
ȼɽҲǵ˵ͷЩѪʯĺôԹͷҲԹ΢˵˼Щγڵʬͬ۷ΪˣҲǳΪħħ֮ܰõȼɽҲ֪˭ģеʲôܷɹϧ֮һ
޴ʬڵľ۸ӣͬԹйȼɽ·һʱ͵ʬͷ­֮
΢ʱͻȻ뵽һ£ʵȳϣʱʬɻڣ
ȼɽҡҡͷҺ۴ʱӣʬǿյģӦǱȡˣҲ֪õʲôͨȻԽ˵อȡߣ似ս籾ͲԻ˾磬ҲʱɥǾǰѰħʵЩ嶯ˡ
ƺǻʲôֲĹȼɽüĿһ˿ֺ;£Ȼսܶ顣
΢Ҳ˼Ȼȷ˶ֽţоѪᾧۼʬϣӦһּΪ
ֻǿϧ΢ǲȺ飬Ҳʲô·֪ǺΪʱͿȼɽָǰһ޴ͨͷǰܽͷ­ǰмǿʬ۴ϽѾаʱ⣬һֱչأÿһʱҶȥǷ񰲺ãǰħ۴ϻʮָˡ
˵꣬ȼɽһȳһյ߹ȥǰȻһƬۿɼĻɫʬźԶԸо̱ǵζմȾһ㣬¶ʴ壬ɻܼƬ̣ɻαɣһóȻ룬ǻϢʱﱻʬȾΪûǵʬħ
طȼɽҽȥλӵħΪ۴ϿԽ룬˾ħĸ˵ЩʬвͲˡ
΢˵÷⻤壬ҲЩʬ΢ҲóȻ롣
ȼɽſվȻȥ˵Ȼεħħ٣Ҫ۴Գӭӡ
ħڵĹأȼɽעصľǹأȻǲܲ
ȥƬ֮󣬾洫һ
ħħ٣ȳϣĪǺͿˣҶѾطϰˣ޴ʬսƮĿ꣬붫ħֹħôٴ˴
ǲš
ȼɽˣæϣģ뿪ħ꣬ħڱ仯ĪаħѾħ֮λλʦܣҲħˣԣԳӭħˡ
ȼɽǺ˵˵Ƭ̺֪ˣƬ̣ͳء
˵꣬û
ԼĪһӣǹʬв߳һĸߴ󣬴ź۵Ŀߣһͷ׷ţǿȻȥĴ󣬵ǽʵֱͦ߱΢Ҫ߳һͷϣ˫Ŀ硣֮󣬵һۿȼɽڶ۾Ϳ΢¡
ϣλħˣȼɽϳǰ񣬶ϣ΢˿ҲڴԷ
ħڵĵ伮ԱĲᣬ΢Ȼ֪λϵۣǰѾħΪħڵһ֣Ϊߡ·Ҳͬһ㣬һԲϾʹֶ֣ҲǼΪ
Էħ˵Ҳ΢
۳֮Ҳû΢ǳŹȼɽȳϣ㣬ôӣ
Ȼڹȼɽʮǣò˵Ϊʬɫ϶Ͱǰˡ
ȼɽһѾϣ鲻һ仰仰˵ģҺ˵ЩѪᾧʬֻӰչأҲûжᡣҵʱ˵Ͽħ
˭ɨ΢һۣħҲ䣬ҿΪͨħ񣬾ȻҲ˵ԼħħֱС֪ðħħ


߰ʮ ħ
۴˿ɢħѹ֮ѹ֮ºǹȼɽҲ˺΢ȴһѹ֮²ɽ
ΪΣߵ
ȼɽ˿̷Ӧæһȳһյǰȥ򲻿ɣλħˣħָΪ֤ħеͨǧȷ
üͷһ壬Ϊɨһ۹ȼɽȻϤĹȼɽҲô˵ˣȻȼɽ֤ҲЩò׼
ȳϣȷϣҪ֪ǲڶħ򣬶ڲ֪Ǻηλս磬ս֮󣬺ֹǧٸСôôħڵħħĪаΪһߣСӣһָͷħҿħѾˡ˵
ʹ⻰ﵱУ΢㿴λϺ͹ȼɽȫֲͬԸ񣬹ȼɽȻԸɣ֮ˣҼΪħڵĹأȷ΢ħ֮ƴӣ΢ħ
λȴȻΪħڴϣﵱвûнħڵһ£ֱħȫҲûжپ⣬Զħͬĵ͡Ҳ˵΢ݵõȷϣħħҲȼɽ㹧
΢һ㣬ȼɽȻûУŭϺγԣΪħڵӣ˵ħѾλħǴҲҪģĪҪħڹء
ȴ֪ȼɽԸҲûкͶԷ˵ǳ΢ħħ֪ħű䣿
΢һЦħűħڵħҼΪħȻͨ
ޱ飬ͻȻ΢֣һȭͬʱʩչҿ
ԷһȭҲħڵĹħű䵱еش似ʯѹǷħȭȻ򼫸ߣһȭȭӭͬʵһȭǽǣһȭ̽Ǿ飬Ǳħ飬Ѿȡ
΢ȻȭǼΪԾ۾ħű䣿
˿΢Ҳûʱ˼ԷħΪ¶ԷһȭûʩչȫҲֵͨܵġ
ǹȼɽһȭ±Ȼƽ֮ǱǱˣеֿԡ΢Ѿħűı䣬ǾͨʯѹǷħȭҲ֪ƽ֮
΢ʩչħűһŹħ塱˷һ֣ɻĺħ壬¶ԷȭȻʩչһУҲֱ֤΢ͨħű䡣
һ̣΢һ䣬ѾǱɾ޴ͨɸʮɣ΢һѾͷͨˣһħһȭȥȻҲɢ΢ƺ޴󰭡
΢Ǵӷ״ָ̬ոһ¿νǧһ΢֪ԷӦûжȫԼʩչħҲǶ֣һпܾͻᱻͬһ𱻴ɷ顣
һȭҲûм΢ʩչħ֮Ҳǵͷħű䣬ӣֻ䣬಻ı䣬Ӧħˡ
Է֣΢Ҳղһ½֣΢֪λۺ
ħǷˡ
۵Ϊ¡˺ͳ֮ϣǱǲػҲãĴδػ
Ȼڵ΢ȻΪͻ˺ܶ࣬ɣȻ۵Ķ֡
ϣ˰ɣĪаħҵɹֵܣӲħڵĹأҷʯѹǷħȭֻ̫ֻȭѧ˸һɣǶѧˣħűֻħħħ㻹ħ·ǿǴȼɽʱȰ
ЦһΨҶƺͰħΣɽҲǺͿˣս磬ħѾħָҺ£ﻹҪˮҪʵֻĪаħСʲôƨҲָֻţ붼롣
˵ţȻǺ޾⣬ƿڴ
΢ȻˣۺֲԼ̣֮ܽˣʦĪаԷӺԼΪ۾Ͳˡ
΢û˵ɫƽȼɽȴ̲סǳۣ˵ʲô㻹ǲħڴϣȻҿڳħˣ
ȼɽüͷһŭݣΪԷħԺǳ⣬ΨҶ˿ûнνĹغݷ
ˣɽ˵ֵôģΪ˼ҵĶ֣ʱħΣħΣ˭ǵشȭͷԶ𣬸㣬ҵħڴϣΪҴ򲻹ĪаȻӾħħϵΪɲνݺ͵λΪǵһλħС


߰ʮ ׷ս
һĹȼɽһ仰˵۴ԼֱǴ治
۽ŵɽĳУǹƨħڱҲֵһᣬħ֮ħڣΪ㹻ʵĪаĳķڷźͶħڸ£ΪĸԸ㣬ȻΪ㣬Ұ꣬ϴһ·ɱҲĳֵܣֽ飬Ҿ͸߿㣬û飬ʵֲУ⿿һħͷթң˭˭
סڣȼɽ˿ǾҪ֣һ΢Ѿǽ˻
Ҫ֪ȼɽҲǴħ۷壬ͬ۷һĸ֣ɴ˿ȴǱ΢أ⿴ﵹΪ⡣
СЩ£ϧֻһħ棬һָͿԽɱ̩ɽʬͷ­лȡ˵ͻƶɾͶħʱսҲһ㽫ħ֮λң£ҽħڷ󡣡ۿ˵
΢Ȼܽħ֮λԷ΢ҲпΣ֮ɫ۾һۣոȻۣͼıġ
ۻҪ˵΢ǳۣȿħڣħڵħݽħڣڿʼ㲻ħڵĴˣ⣬лֱ˵ҪĨˣħݲ
˼ͼıҲܿҲֻйȼɽûпߣ˿һҲһ㶣ŭδĶʵģҪʲô
ʲôҸո˵ˣħҪһλǿˣСɲУҪħ֮λң⣬ҲħűеĿھ˵⻰˿죬ֱ׳˵ħʱдŲε̰
ʣˣղЩ̵ˡ
˵꣬۶΢ĳĿģָң⣬ħűҲ˵ɣħ㲻
ȼɽ˿̱ŭ΢ͳ˹ȥһ̣ʬܿƣȻȼɽеͬʬħһ㣬˫۶ǳ֮ɫ
˵˿̵ĹȼɽΪսǿᡣȴɫƽֻǳһоͽȼɽס
ɽϵܣ۲֮ˣҲɱУҲξң㲻磬һǽ㵱ֵܣģҲɱ㣬ҲɱСӣֻҪõҪĶĳĵߡ˵꣬һƣֱӽȼɽȥ֮⣬һħԭأһסȼɽҲǰԷѹŰʬʬѹƣǺܿͿԳ׽ȼɽʴ
۴˾Ǿȹȼɽ
һ̧̣ץ΢΢Եֶλ⣬ֻû뵽۾ȻһУͻȻֽץ
õһħ֮ħ֮仯˿ǻһ޴ħֽץȻЦһСӣ㲻Ҷ֣ô˵ħڵˣɱ㣬Ҳᱻ˳ЦǴˣ֪ҪʲôҲ֪㲻׽ָħűĿھңȽλ֪һãչذҲȥڴ˺úÿǿǰɡ
˵꣬ħ֮ɰȻקȥ
΢󾪣ۿƿʵթޱȣովȻץ£ȻǿԼϵͬһ㣬ҪԴвȡ΢۽¾ôߣ׷ȥ
ħΪٶ֮׽ȥԷȻϤ۸ӵľͨ΢׷Ҳ֮ǰĵ·΢ѾԾȻһ·׷Ͳʬ߹Ǵһȱڡ
û뵽΢һ·׷ЦһСӣб¾׷
˵һԾս硣
ħΪҲǷˣȻսзУշ籩֮ѹҲ̩Ȼ硣ǿ׼΢Ϊ϶׷ԲŷĴ󵨵Ծ°ߵǸСѾͷħ֮ʱû⡣
˭ɳûûͷһȵĿǸСӺԥ׷ȻΪս硣
ҲãƣҪʱٳ־£ʱ򶨿ɱʳħűĿھ֮ƣЦһɳֻҪԶ̩ɽʬɣҪ˶ǸëͷСӾ͵ȡ
ֻǹȥһӣСѾǽƣսķ紵ƤѣǷ׷
ϢˣģˣǶԷΪ͵


ٰ߰ʮ Ƕ
СӵҲӲҲ濴ɽ˵СĪаʦܣˣԺûӸĪаۿ΢׷ᣬаСӿ첻ˣħֻ֮Ҫص̩ɽʬоͿԸսеķ籩ѹ
ֹֻȥƬ̣ҲûзֶԷκΡ첻ˡļ󣬵üͷһ壬ұ㿴ֵܼʲôز
˵УҪ֪ԶԵӻĲʬμᶨ־С
۾ҪСû
ɵԶˣΣվͻᱶҪôǱһЩշ籩ʬǶҲҪô޷زʬս硣
һ֣˾ÿ־塣
Ȼ˵ⲻ⣬ħս磬뿪ʬҲ
ħ֮Ȼ޷ѣȴǿ΢ں׷ţȻٶԽԽЩ׷ۣԷѹûҪ˼
ټǿ˿Ҳ棬ҧ촽΢Ҫ׷ˡ
׷ȥɡ
΢Ҫ׷ˣ´˿̲סͬʱΪҪѣȻܺħ⡣
Ҫ׷ˣ
ѾҧѪŤͷǰۣŨŨɱ⡣
ۺεΪͷһȴǲмСѾͷ㿴ʲôӲģϾĪаʦܣСҲ󰡣ӱթթû뵽һˣһȰȰħָңҪħűķֻҪˣȻΪǡ
һ㶣ŷתµȥȻκ㶼õҪĶ
СѾͷҲӣ翴ˣСӲ򵥣˺ħ£սмôʱ䲻ȷˢӣĪаʦܣ˵꣬ҲͣѾʬǧԶʲô鷳΢һ£пʧȥǾʬټ
ʱͻ𣬲֮⣬հۣʱһ绮ոպú⼸㣬һ̣޴֮ӿͬһ͵屬һϢֻ̻֮ɲ֮γһںĿ
һǿ֮ӿﷶΧһж֮Ӱ졣
۸оԣֻǻͷٿʱѾˣħΪ˿̾Ȼ޷ڿֱ֮ӱӲУԶ΢ȻԶΪۣȻҲѣͬڿС
ڿȻȶΧϽһж֮꼸Ť飬ȻɢΣͷ·ûгֹһ㡣
˵΢һ·׷ȷʮַϴβͬ΢û;ƿݣھʬЩѪᾧЧΪ΢ƽΪ΢һβǵ˽ƣ޻֮ĵز
֮ǰĲ΢ˣΪ˽۵ķ΢һʩչʦɱһʣȻ΢Լ֪ɱһܲܶԸۣ΢Ҳֻһ·ߡ
ֻû뵽ǰͻȻһڿ΢䱸һǿ£΢ûзĻͱУһ˲˫һƬڣֻоת΢ΪҲԿסΡ
ںָܿоʧ΢һս統У΢͵ĻͷһȴѾƯ̩ɽĲʬˡ̩ɽʬ΢ǵڶϷһ޴ĺ⣬ƯʵһΪշ籩ֻʮ֮⣬ǲõģҾ벻̫඼ǿԿһˡ
˵Ų֮һҲ˲ϢǧոҲ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǵǧ֮⣬̩ɽʬ㿴ҲӦܿһշ籩ĺ⣬ȻûУֻ˵ոյһ˲䣬Ųʮϡ
ǽսҲһ㡣
΢ǰ治Զۺ£ҲǺڿŲƹڴ˿̣һֻжʮɼķƯѾȥ΢Ҳֻܽ
̤ʵصĸоȻҪãһȻѾ׵ɥʧԣûпԵֵշ籩֮ķ֣ҲͬǺһҶֻۣţȴ޷ˡ
΢ΪģʩչʦֶλգҲ̻ᱻ֮ѹ顣Ȼ֮²յĻǰ˵ġ
ȻոյҲһ㵣ƺ뵽ʲôʧˣոǸڿǶս˵籩ǡһǶǿɾָʲôط鷳ˣ


ٰ߰ʮһ ʬ
ɫѿ֪е˺ħСıǶ󣬵ս缫ΪңԶ֮أڽǧʱﶼҲ֮ͷȻĺľԪ
΢ҲˣҲ֪Ƿʲô£Ƕӵĸһ򣬱Уʧ£˭֪ںδпսֵطҪضѾǼΪã
֮ǰһ̩ɽĲʬֻܱ¶֮£ħҲû£΢¾Ͳˡ
¹Ƭʱ͵ɥ΢ܼһʱ䣬һʱʱ΢ҲŲס
˿ǲ֪ںδյУ˵ѾΣ
ʱ΢һɨȴΧǳ֮֮Ҳණûеʱһɫʬ֪Ӻδε֮ƣ֮ͻȻ仯򣬻ڡ
΢һ㶣һ̣ʬӿǱʲôһȫ۵ڡ
ивѾǻҺɫʬʬȼܸߣ֪սãʬҪǡ
Ҳû뵽ֻƬʱ䣬ͻȻһ˫ĿӿһƬ졣
ʬӿ֣ͷӿȻʴմȾ۵ĺɫǡ
һ˲䣬΢˵һ֮ǰһٶ۵΢ǰЯʬס΢⶯쵽£΢Ƕܲһ̼֮ɽһ㣬ǽ΢Ϊѹơ
СӣϽħűĿھ˵ȻĪаʦܣҲɱ󡣡۴˿ɷޱȣ˵֮ǰֻǿھɱڣֱˡ
΢ѹۣʱҲоЩԾԷ˫Ŀ죬ȻǺ͹ȼɽһһʬ
ʬ
΢ˣȻۿ϶ԴޱȣԳħΪ֪Ѫ֮˶̩ɽʬеľѪᾧȻҲմȾЩŹʬʬ̩ɽͷ­бչذ꣬ΪٸߣҲһʬմȾ֮ǰȻΪѹƣֻǴ˿ս磬ֳַħץ£ʬڣѹʬʬͻȻÿޱȡ
΢ս磬֮ܵѹƣΪ㣬Һ۵ľ̫󣬸ãֻоϵĹͷҪˡ
ʱ¼æħűĹҲ޷λǰҷħսΪ𣬻˶ã˿̾ҪҲħűĹҲǼ仰˵ģǰȻҷȫһȫ֮أʱħűĹȻǹַϣҷ޶˾ʳԡ
Ȼûɥʧǣϸһ֪˵ǵͷãһҴѰһȫ֮˵ƭңʱݹҲ
˵꣬ҲǷֳһħ֮ס΢ֵ֮۷һȥ
ǧȻǿԶһСĹ㣬ŷһƯĴɽ
ɽǧɣԽһƯս統еķǺⲻǷΪ澹Ȼ֮
ܶǿһ˴Ψһѡ񣬵ȻҪѡطţ۴΢¿ٿȻɽķ㡣
˲䣬΢¾͸оǹӴӷѩһůӣоѹޱȣȵ۳ȥħ֮Ҳ֮Ӱˡ
ҲѹҪ֪ħսл˷УΪҲǼ󡣲ȻҲѹƲסʬԸ仯
µһɽȣ׹Լʬ޷ɢ²ִ̽˴ֻͼ飬ŷŤͷ΢ħűĿھ˵ɡ
ʬδɢȻѾʬӰ죬Ҳ˵ڵ۾ǲԼ΢Կ϶ʬǱʬռǣǰٻеߣڱƼ˶ԷĻɱ֡
ʱҲеɱ֪Σǰ΢ֵǰѾǴⰲȫ֮˴֮ʴǱ㰴ԼħűĹǰɡ
˵仰ʱħűĸ΢ע⵽˵ƺǼһ£µ˼
۵õĪаڹһħűеĹֻƤëҲ˵Է֪ħűĹֻ֪һƤëˡ


ٰ߰ʮ תھ
΢֪ħűħڵĲ֮أô˵ħű䶼ǵĪаԷҲ˵ֻħ΢ҲΥŵԣ֮ħűж΢˵΢޵ɵУûһܼħű䣬ĪаԼҲûнħű¡۵õħԲǺ£һԷΪߣ߱ʬŪķ񣬵ʱùֻԼ¡
ôȻܸ߶ԷĹβһٵĹ
¸ոռӦþǸ΢˼
ħűĿھ΢Ѿģھе˼˵Щط޸һٸߣʶٹ㣬ҲȻֱ治ħвͿΪĸ΢¶Ǻ¡
뵽΢һΣȻת֮Լɫ԰ףһѪ
¼״æǰ΢ĵģҪˣ΢ֱỮ˼£±ᡣ
Ȼ΢ˣǹˣĿľΪʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ôԲߣʱ䣬΢Ҳ̱һٵħűܺŪۡ
ǰҸոΪս磬Ѿ;ƿݣأƬ̣ˣȻʵѽھһǼǴǺĿɾǰˡ΢˵һ䣬̽Ҳᷢ΢ȷ˵ļ
µõ΢ʾѾô£Ҳǰи㣬ҶΪԶǰҲܶӵս磬ǰҲ赣ġ
⻰һ˵һҲˣҲȷȱһʱ䣬Цһһʱ䡣
˵꣬ȻǷ𣬹ȥ̽һɽˡ
΢ۣû߶ǲΧ΢Ҳ֪˿ɨһۣ֪۵ȷ뿪ҵһŸ߶ȳʮɵĴС£ˣ
΢ںǽ£ϾΪ㣬
ҡͷģ䲻ţΪҲߣ޴󰭣øΣ֮򣬸һʱ䣬ұȻɺϵɣʱҲܰϷһ
Դº΢˷֮ʵ±ԷƣȻѾǽԼַˡ
΢˿ǾͺãȻʱȫΣδӴȲδĿǰͷȴ£ǽ鷳
ᵽۣҲһɻûۣԿжʬڣǾ۵ȷб仯
۾죬ʬ˵ĸоǻһˣ䡣
ҿҪôǱʴǵԸ䣬ҪôǱռ꣬һˣôռ˾ԲܶԸĴڣ鷳΢С˵ԼķֺƶһһһҲͷȷˣֻǶ˶۵Ķ֣Ӧȴһ鷳
Ѿˣһ뷨ԽڿھΪӼգҪڼʱ֮Ҫôвһɱһʣ⼸ʱһ뷨ӻľ磬ʵڲУصʱһעһʩչɱһʣܷնɱ΢ƻȻ򵥣ȴΨһ뵽÷ʽ
ԲɼʳΪ̽һʱһʧܣҲ׼˵˵ֲ΢һЩ̰塣
΢˵ͷϿƻ
ʱ΢Ȼ뷨ӽԭħűıһ£ҪĿȫǣҲҪܲ⡣
һ⣬ħűħڵ˵ÿһÿһλǧҪڶʱŪһٵģѶ̫
΢нݾߣǾԭħűΪھתǾ͸ĳңǰ͸ĳȺ֮Ƿ΢аͼӴףһЩҪĵطԼҸĶһٲѧţСģҲԲ
Ϊģɲһʱܺģʱ⹦ħҲõù
²ϣ΢ǿʼڤ˼ͬʱȡֽʣת͸ıħűھһһд£ؼط΢׸ĶҲǴ˼һ׿Խתھ˵ԸתھĹʱ͵òʧˣ΢ȷԷ
һЭЭȻֻ˰ʱͽתħд˳һ࣬΢ϸϸһ飬Ȼһ棬һֽճɷɻҡ


ٰ߰ʮ ʬԪ
΢Ǳ߱׫Ҫתħ񹦣һߣ۴˿ɽһٲ·˻ʹޱȡ
˿̳ɶֵٲӰɸߵĵط£γɾ޴ĳԭ˴Ѿٲһˮ̶֪ٲĳ۴˿̾վٲ֮£޴ˮ
ͼ۴˿˫ĿԽ죬ʬӿ֣Ƥһһףʱʯһ㣬ͬʬ䣬ħΪȻҲѹƣ֮ɫ˫ۣȻԭѾҪĴ
Σʱ̣һץһɱǺӿֱһ̣ͨ徧ӨżΪ˵ĺ
һٲϢ֮ڱ⣬ϣγ˷·㻨һ㣬Ϊ
ٿۣнеһ˿֮£Ǳ̴ؿϹѨֱû룬ˣһ˿ûбʬ׸ʴصϹѨ
һ̣Ѿ׳˳֮ɫҷЦ
СӲдѣˣҪ˶ãѨıԶڣʱǻҷһСħҲʬԪԿ˵۾ȻǷ˼ΪĹЦ·ɤӵļ֮˲
ħűĹȷֻƤëȻҵʬãȻҲ޷ռݴȤȤħűĿҵʬʹ⹦ұڱصá
һ֮󣬻ʬ֮ľԿݵҵ΢£ħűĹأ
΢Ѿȴʱ۴˿̷·𳹵׻һˣʬ֪Ҳֻܶһ֮ǰħű书ħħһоŲ㾳磬һһ㣬ѭ򽥽ΪٸҲ֮գǰǸˣҲͲҴţħűĹһ棬һֻ˵һĿھˣշɴ꣬ǰȻɱҶ֮ǰ񹦴ɣҶһ·
һЦһҲ̸ӦֺηУֻϣɱͲɱ
ô˵ǵʱǶʬū
΢ɵһ֪Էţ·ûһ㣬ͷұ㽫ħűһھǰá
΢пھռεΪѾǧֵĿھ΢֮Ѿ顣
ȻɵĵһʱҪ֪Ҳвٺ˵ĹһԷŪԼֱֻǳԿ
нھĥƬ̣֪ھǼٵġ
˵ھ־ǧ֮ĹھһһӦþħűĿھ
֮Ҳ΢£ǻһźʧ٣϶ȥĳʼȥˡ
΢ոһֱţûзھ⣬˿
£ⷨЧôоʱǰȫģոҲˣ۶Ȼ⣬ʬƣǲǱĨȥǱռ۵˾ƥУȥҶ˱㰴ռƻȽ˴̽һûֶΡ΢ͽƻã۲֪ЩʬŪʲôˣ֮൱ΣգʼۣԷȻޱߣٶԹȼɽֵ壬Ķɱ֣Ǵ˿̣ʬʴ֮£ۼ㲻ǱĳаռҲ϶Ը䣬֮ɵȾʱ䣬ʱ򹦷꣬һռǸûɻ֮ûͱɡ
ԻǵѰһյıֶΡ
΢˼Ƚ˴̽һд󣬻Ǿһ
΢µΪҪһ֮ڲ̽һѣҪ©ЩѣҶҲʶ̽飬һϲ֪ʲôطۣԷǾ鷳ˡ
ԶֻС
һ죬죬ֱ죬΢²ų׽̽һ飬Ҳ֡
ǲ̤룬طҲֻɽЩŹ֣ﷶΧȻһǿ
Ϊ΢Χܸ֮ܵ΢ǳԶһֻȥոսӽͱһϸСɫ׹Уֱ
ף΢мʶո׹ɲ򵥣ǿɱ˾ֵף˵Ϊһ֣ᱻһɷƽ΢Ҳֻ˵ȴûмû뵽
йŹ֣΢ٿǱסɽۣ֪Բ򵥡


ٰ߰ʮ 
Իγ֮ʼսˣ綼ս統УֻһƬƬѡ
ϱϺľǷ
սеĸֹǧ򣬾ΪٸߵҲһһһЩȻҲвΪ֪ܣͬ΢˿ﷶΧɽۣȻһصǣ˵ԼɣΪٸߵˣ֮ҲӲȥ
ǼΪϡٺĶɼҽ䵱һ㣬׷У׷˵Ǳ
ֻΧ׷Ҳܼӳ׷ֻʱһȥĵȼҲ
΢ڵΪǱˣ΢֪˾һ̱˾̻֮ᱻ׺ɱ⡣ݴڻʱף˵ǵٵصĴϱŷ׹⡣
ڷΧ΢˾֮ϵ˶ǽܿ벽
΢ﵹðһ󵨵ͷ浽˲ʰĵز˵ԽԸۡħСУҲֻ·һ
΢뿪ɽ򣬳΢»ҵһŹֵʯʯ΢Ҳʲôߡ
ֻǼȻ˵ʯ϶򵥣΢һ£Ǿȥһɽƽԭ֮һɸߵʯʯΪϼ¿棬ӡźܶ಻ʶġ
ȻģʯҲ񣬼ΪӲƷȡ΢۲̽ɿʯ̺һ죬òϢҲΪһ΢֮ǰܷ
ս֪꣬Ķ΢٣Ҳϲʯ;΢Ǵ󣬷һűꡣ
ս֮󣬾˾Ҳȫ̽飬սиǧ򣬹Ҫҵһûű
΢²⣬ֻʯǺĿʲôǾͲ֪ˡ
Ѿǵ죬תħű񹦣ƺûʲô״ҹϢһǿһգΪΣĪǣתħű񹦣¿˿ʱٹʱӦþͻ㵽ƺӲ۵̽顣
˵΢Ҳһɻ꾡ӣħű˸߰㣬Ǽϣ֮߻ħ䱾ΪֻǾͬ˵⼸շǵû߻ħļ󣬷ΪԽ΢ԷѾǵħҲ˾۷塣
£ԼԹתħű񹦣ɣǿȻΪ޲νϵͣǵħűĵھӦûЩЧ΢˿ʱҲǴµһƬأȻʱ֮۱㻯һź֣Ҫھ
΢ھ֮Ťͷߣͣ
ֻ΢֪뿪֮ȴɫѿ⼸΢תħű񹦣о۱Ҳδһһ㾳磬ۣʬԪԼǿŲɵת񹦾ȻӲ޳ˡ
⹦Ǽٵģ΢޸ĹģʬԪҲǸоΪǿķ֮ͷһ͸о⹦⣬ܿͷ֣΢ħű书֮ܳɹǿʬЩԥ
ħűĹˣȻΪħڵħأ
֮ǰĻɻΪУʬԪȫԸȻΪѣʬԪϹʿˣȻһһ
֮ʬԪתħűѾǵ㣬̸֮оһľʹȻҲͬھдУʹ˼㡣

һŭʬԪһצǰǳһǧߵצۣӵԶצؼ֮ľʯ飬ͬǧ¶һ㡣
ʬԪʬʹ˷йһȻʹڣҲǲܣʬԪ˿ҧгݣƹһʹ࣬СӣŲĿھ˵Ҷɱйߡ
˵ھ졣
΢תħűھŲĿھ˵֮û̾ߣ΢Ըо۵ɱ
´˿Ѿǿ΢ȻҪ΢ˣͬ
ʱ΢Цǰʱ̫ãھŲĹھҲǲ̫ӦûҲ⣬ǰɻȥвԣҡ


ٰ߰ʮ ˽
⻰һ˵Ѿ԰Ѫ˫Ŀ죬ͬʬһɱʣ΢˵˹ؼھŲھûһԷûеȫɱСǰ
ʬԪ϶Է·ӣֻ⸡УôһɱһɱʵҲûʲô
Ǿ͹ٶʱʬԪаһźʧ١
ʬԪߣ¾͵ĵ΢ɱ𣬿϶ŵԣΣ¶档
΢Ҳµ֣ӿһ黳ĵŮˣ򸴺
ʱ΢˵Ӷ뾡ˣ±ʵǷˣ޷ս磬ӳȥҲһ
Ȼˣһ
£ҼҪҵġ΢տڣ¾ָܷܷס΢촽ᶨ֪Ҫ˵ʲôΣȥ¾ȥ¾
̬˼ᶨ΢Ҳǵ˵ͷոҸ۵Ŀھûб仯ǵھŲתھŲδغϣԱתΪãֻʵڲУһһӡ
΢´Ǳֵɽۣ΢ķӾǽԸۣɹȻԳɹգһʧܣǾԷơ
΢ֻ۷壬ಫϽлǿġ
֮ǰʱ䣬΢ҲûгԹʦԼ£Ϊ΢֪һɹǾͱ¶һƣԵƾҪó
ֻһο΢ȴǷЩͬ
Ȼ΢ĴҲˣ֮ǰķΧа˿̣Ȼֻʣһ룬΢ȻԿǰһ
ΪдƬ͸΢ԴſǴӣ˵ǼΪΰ
΢û뵽оȻһ˾޴
ʣԷͬ죬˵ʲô˲õıʹС
ֻûȫ˻΢Ҳܽ롣
ʱһ鸡֮ͻȻ޴ƿ֮΢Ӧ̧ͷȥĿɿڴ
Ȼм˾ĸִսһ鸡
΢뵽һűʯ²⣬״һ¿£Χҵһɽ붴УʾͻʦֶνɽڣϢ
ʦֶ׿΢£Ȼǽڳڣʶ飬ҲֲǬ
ոǼӰǡʱʵ
΢֮ǰѰʯӦһű꣬ǵָģЩ˾ֱȻǸűѰҿԺɽейأǵһᣬã˵תΣΪ
֮ǰ΢ɢУƶϳȻһʱڿ˽룬ЩӦΪϾ΢⼸ն콫һ鸡ұˣɽϵ֮⣬ûر֮
ű꣬϶ЩµģΪÿʱҵ鸡ȻС
һĳսƿ֮ء
һ£Լ֮ô룿ֻô
϶ǻὫ䵱ɵˣȻ֣Ǽλ˵Ϊֲܷۣһ΢϶˫ᷢͻ
ǻᡣ
Щ˲֪ԼµĴڣǻʤնɱֻҪܹЩ˵̽飬ҶԷҲδػ̽飬˱ɻΪġǲɵתħű񹦣Щ˻ܣԼҲԲٻܴأʱƴɱҲаգ֮Ǳ֮ǰҪá
Զ΢˵Ǻ£ҲǻᣬȻڶԷƴɱͷֳʤ֮ǰ΢ǾԲܳȥģµΪһȺ˾ǰʵƲκηˡ
΢ˡ
ƪĳʬԪڿ΢ĵ߰תħű񹦣ò˵ʬԪһţأܾ֮ǰɵնɱսУֻһʬ֮ǰսУԵɺϣϵʬ뷨͵͵ڣ϶ԷʱµʬͻȻѣռݡ
ֻ˾ʱ䣬ҪתħűھŲɣʵǲ˼飬תĹϾкģɣҲǺ˿̣ʬԪоҪ˺һ㣬ԴһţҲκͷƫƫʬʹתħűãȻǽΪһµĸ߶ȡ
ΪħͶħҲǷ˺Ͷ֮䣬˵һ˾ѾĶ֡


ٰ߰ʮ 
˿ʬԪڵʬ죬ɷΧ֮ѾǸʴأˮǼոսٵ˴˿̶ʬԪڵķλһɫۣͷڵϵɫ࣬Ǻˣǿʬ
һ˫۴һڲϰкɫӡ˫Ȼŵ˿ǸӦһ£֪İϢ㣬Ǹ֡
ʣ϶ҲΪĹе׽غأÿʮأĹſһÿһֻˣΪٸߣɢҲãҿΪǿԷֻһˣֹ֮ʤܴ󡣡һڷ˵ָһСߣͬһ
ò̶Щһɣ֪طֻǺ̶ˣҿʮа˾ǵˡһ֣ȻͷɫͷüëͺҲǳɫģͬ档
һ֮ÿĹĴɢ˶̶ЩһÿһΣĸٶܵеʱһõЩ̶޵׵ף˵ҲףˣΪȴۿۣȻǲ˺ԶȻǡҲһǲ̶ˣǶȥҪ̶֪ЩɵУûȸ֡ϰһС߰Сĺڷ˵ɫдһ˿̡
ߣ
ĸһʬԪ֮
ڰ·ϵʱʬԪѾǽתħű񹦵ھŲھǿɣ˲䣬ΪǣʬֱѾʵʡ
ϷˣˣӴԺ˭ϷĶ֣һЦʬԪͬһһɶʬӣȻ޲ͬʵʵʬմȾ۲ľʯ̿ήãմ
мʬĸ˶ȥĸһǴŭ
ɣȻȶ֡ĸ˴Ҳֻܶʩ赲Щʬ
ʬԪ˿ݷȻǿʼһЦһҲ֪ЩʲôʱҲĸˣ˫Ŀ죬һɱȥ
Сģһˡ˴ʾæʩչֶιɱȥʬԪ˿״̬ԲȻתħű书ֱ֮ӱŰħŪĳ׷񲣬ǻҡ˿̼ɱЦӭȥ
˲䣬ʬԪĸ˾ɱһ
ĸ˱ֻʸԷֱӶ֣ҲӣȻȫ
ĸҲսɢŵĴɢˣΪˡäˡԦ˺һˣ˿֣Ȼ޷ʬԪѹȥʵ˸о˼顣
ʱмƿ֮˼ˣڶ࣬λ˾֡
ȴǴ죬ƤõҲǹʷ
ͷ죬Ĵɢˡһ˳һ§ӣ񣬱εķ˹˵
ݲϣΪȴߵһһ˼׵ɵĹȣɭȥȿ˵Ĺһʱ䡣
˵꣬׵˶ƴӣȻλͷλһ㡣
һͷԽľĴɢභ꣬Ϊɲ򵥣ΪеǸһ֮ȻӦĸˣǲͣ˫ɱܾˣôһĸʹ׽غصǵˡ
һ⻰λͷ˶ǵͷźԶս
̶˸ȻĴɢˣԷķӦ֪ŪˣǰļһԲ̶ˡѾǾ˵ʲôˣֻȫϣԼ֮Էնɱ
ʬԪֶ̫ܣ־ȻЩмܡ
ʱʬԪͻȻʩչһǬʬħ䣡
һ̣Ϊģ޴ʬӿȥͬˮһ㣬ʬ֮һжʴմȾ
˾֣ҲЩʬ
˵Ǵãæգ֮䣬ﷶΧһƬأݲʯá
ðԵħԶ̶ͷҲĿɿڴʬԪʵ𺳣ԲͨӦģ¼˷ֵġ
˷ܵǣĴɢ˿ӲǶԷĵ֣ĵǣԼҲܵеùԷ
ֻǣռƵ˾Ȼûгʤ׷ֻǿЦȻǵͷȥ߱ɵЦЦɲ֮ߵûӰ


ٰ߰ʮ 
ĴɢĿɿڴԦƬ̣ԭһӡ
ԱܴصäСһΪߵķӣӦò̶ˣ֮ǰЩ嶯ˣ̶ˣ˸ովսˣȴЩ㣬һҪԿ
¶⼸Ҳֻ֪ˣٺҲûã֪Ͳķˡ
˵Ŀյ̶ߴҲ£ǸͷЦż֮ɫĴɢˣǺ˰ȻйһӶһǷˣ˻ˣʵˣϲඡ
˵Ĵɢ˵һƢΪ𱬣һըˡ
ĹƨӣǲΣһ˻ԡһȻǼΪԵĹΧܸоɢĳȡ
̶һЦһˣʡʡɣĹδʲôһĹˣ벻С
ﵱдɱȻӲһƲ硣
ߣûбҪǷϻĴɢ֮һ֪ͻǼΪǣкһǳĹȥ
⼸һȷܴᣬôƶϼ޻Ȼɱһ»ûж֡
ΪǸǸԷʲôΪλᵽҪŪȻôһڣ̫Σˡ
ȥ̽̽ǷӵĵףмǣҪͻӷԸһλ˻⣬׷˳ȥ
ʱͻУ͵ĿĹһ˿ϷʣЦ벻Ȼϣһɻȥ

ɽ֮ڣ΢ϥ壬Ϣ֮̽ǰĸ˺۷ս΢ҲܸܵаԽкãܿ΢ͷ֣Ȼ߸ˡ
߸˺ǰ˺ܲһɵʿҲħǷ
ʲô΢ȻҲ˵֮оʮֹŹ֣߸ˣڳһһЩ΢Ҳֻαˡ
ȻαˣҲҪ΢
ʱ΢оһŹֵʶɨһ֪ˣǱԷˡ
Ҳûӵ飬ڵأ󣬶㣬˿̾Ȼʮλ˾ĸƼڴˣ˵΢Լʮǰһ㡣
˾ͨ΢һʱһҲǳ飬Բ֡
΢壬ֻ˵һ仰Ǳˡ
һɫƽҲţֻǵ˵ôұô
΢һץץһʱɵʯס
֮ǰɽ֮΢Ҳɵţ֪κʱ򶼲ܼϣһ·Ϊ㲻ȷһ·ܲͨб޻
⸡⼸ʱ䣬΢ɽ֮ϣ֪ãմãˣȻɽϣӦĶ
Ȼֻǲ²⣬΢ЩҲ϶뵽һ㣬뵽һ£ܲҵȴһ¡
һֱ΢ͨԿϵĶﻹǻֻҪϵĶӲ΢۾ⶫ΢бһֹ⣬ֻɫʺȲͬˡ΢ͷҲԣͬɫͬĿ϶һ࣬ɫͬȻһ࣬ɫͬģ΢֮
ɵǣɽоȻһ󣬲ǻ΢ȷڴҲõֻϣҺϱɫͬ⡣ɽУвֻʯ΢ɣҲһƤëԾȡһЩªʯס
鷳õʯ׵ĵط磬ԴʯȽС
ֻϵ΢Ҳֻǳ侶ȷϾˣֻ΢ҲֻƲԲĹƲϾֻƲ⣬һƶϴǴⶫеͬ
΢Ҳûбķˡ
ûսУһƬѾʮλ˾ĸ֣˵Ǹ֮⣬ûеڶطԶء
ﻹԵֵƬ̣΢ȱľʱ䡣
Σյð
ƻ΢߹£Դ˿̶˶콫ʯ״ϣ΢ǣֶȥ
£һȥԣں¡΢¶һҲ֮ǰõģϾֳȫðգһʯûãֻ·һ
ʱͻȻͷۣ
΢󾪣æͷȥһڣ΢Ӧٿ£ѾǴС


ٰ߰ʮ Ϊֵ
ҲǽӽɵΪٶҲ죬΢ӦʱѾֹۼԥ
һ˲䣬΢ֻоֽű¿±ɱĳ档
³ɹУ΢֣ʱǱ߸Ҳǿٷ΢æ߸˸֮ǰС
ʯЧͬԸһ㣬ԲĹ΢̶֮߸ŸϵۼһӰĹǾ˵
ô᣿ôδɢʱĹⲻܣĪʧЧˣӾޱȣһ˷ܵʧЧ
˵ȻǳǰȥҪĹոսУף̶˾緶뵱ֻһ㣬⧲֮±˸ţǲҽŻΪУ
ˣҲֻ·һ
ӵ˶ȻûʧЧովѪܵӣֻΪ֮ǰ˿Խȥ
˾֣Ҳ벻֪˵ķ򣬵û΢ۣԸЩ֮ԼܶΣҲ֪زʯȻԸס
ȻҲ˵ǸףֻǲףǴʨǰ߹Էˣ˽ȡշ磬ôǻʯҲ޷ֵ֮λ΢ҲˣܴҲᷢԲŰȻ롣
˵̶ܻİӵˣ˵΢֮£ŭʵΪʲôô
ҲҲҪһ£Ըȥðա»شʮȻ΢ȻԶԣŽӵ뻳У´βţӦ
º΢֮£˿ҲպҸȴžΪһ仰Ϊκ¶ֵˡ
Ŷ˿ʼ̽濴ã˿У֪εĻԻͣڵʯ͸ߴʮɣ˶Իʯо񣬾һŮͼ
Ȼһǰ΢ŮͼҲһ㶣Ҫ֪־Ůͼڶɳܳһ䣬ഫɳ֮ʱŮǰϲôһͼ𡣶оָǶɽ죬ȻŮͼҲֻһŻá
˴оŮͼ΢žһ޽ط
߸ʯи涼һʯȻޱȣ嶼һ
ν֮˿΢ĸо͸һ˿
֮ǰ΢һֱΪһڿ΢˵һ޴ĹΪʡ
֪˴˾ڳ٣Щһ϶Ҳڴ֮ǰǵ֮ߡ
Ƚȥ΢˵Ҳǵ˵ͷһǰһ󣬽ĹС
߹һȣǰȻʣ·΢ҵ֤ݣ֤˴һĹϵҲǺ棬ⲻ֪ʲôطĸУȻһһĹᣬʵЩŹ֡
ɷΪȻͨأڵԼȲϵģԾһλ޽˴΢Ǻ֪
ǰһյأҲǼΪ޴󣬾Ŀ⣬ԲΣͷߵҪ߰˰ٲ
յӣ߽һɼһˮأһǻأһء
ӵҲǼнǺԲһγһԲеһ֮⡣
Ҳһַ
΢ɿ˿ˮأˮеˮǲȻֵ֮⣬մȾһ˿˿ˮر֣дţˮ壬һģٲɶ֮࣬أԱǻҲǲ࣬дһģٲɶ࣬١
дǣĹ֮أ
΢һۣǳӣһ׵ĿӣżΪŨҵж΢ʶ̽飬Ǹоз󣬼æأҲǾһ亹
صȷȥ΢лʯ׿Ա˭֪ʲôдĺһĹᣬĹ֮޽Ĺ˵ֶΣ΢ɲϷԡ
¿˿Ҳ棬˲ģǽǱѣҪǿûпķӣֻǶ˺ܿ췢֣ǰѾûе·Ҳ˵ֻôһ
ǰ޽··˵鷳
ʱ΢ͻУŤͷһŷ˿Ѿɢ٣ڴ󿪡
ֻ󣬻
洫һŭһֻ̣ӰһʮӰһ˽


ٰ߰ʮ ʹѪ
΢ã˿Ҳȷ·ӣʯ֮䣬ʮ˾Ѿǰ棬΢Χס
ʮȻ̶İӵ˺Ĵɢˡ
֪ĹУĴɢҲżˣҪ֪ĹʮſһΣһֻʮʱ֮ٴα鲼Ϊľˮͻ
Ƚ˵ˮҪһ㣬ϾǿǿȣΪֻһҲֻܽˣٲɶ̻࣬Ʈ˶ɱ
ǻȻƮһҲֻܷĸȥǿٶһ֮ǰ١
ǲżһոս˽ӣȻȥǿͬǸʸǵȻԸĹ̳֮˫ʱҪġɱ
Ȼָ΢¡
ʮ˽֮󣬰ɫֱһȭȥ΢æ񵲣ɱɳȥҲǱһ˳ֻɣѪء
һ̣һѾǵ΢ǰһץͽ΢˼ס͵΢¼ֱѡ
˵Ƕ˿ǳûǵķӼΪŰ֮ʱǻΣ죬޵ܣǳɾͷˣҲҲǼΪŤֺ˵һȷ΢µһӣʻ
Ϊ΢ոֱһƣ˿ֱǣѾʹɫ԰ף亹ֱȻסһԣ΢
һĻ΢˫Ŀ죬Ȼ͵ķ˾ʹӵ˫𿪣һһȭһȭν㾡΢ȫΪȻһȭӴȥʮ⡣û뵽΢Ȼһ۵»ܷһȭҲһˡ
ӣȻһɸˣǱĴɢ֮һһ˴˿̷ЦȻ˫ԼʱԴȴǲ
Ҳĸ֮˿ҲǾ޹⣬߳ŭɱ΢ȥ
Ҫ˫ֽ֣Է˺ˣ˲һͷ֮ޡ
΢ʱһֱۣ˿Ҳаľɽʩչ֮ͬʱֱֳʡ
һ̣΢ɷҲŨ˿ǴƴˣҲðӰľȻǲһΣ֮С
ǽö㣬΢һʣֻоëΣ֮£Ȼŵľ͵һһҽУһһֱ۾ȻƾʧҲ˾֣ȻǱԷһĨȥһֱۡ
΢ʦɱһʣ΢ȫʩչոܴأһʻȻЩ
Ҳǳױŭʩչ׵մһצЯƿ֮ɱ΢
΢󾢲㣬һʱȻãۿҪУǧһ֮ʣһӰƴ΢һС
£˲΢Ŀԣ࣬˵ãұ޻ڡ
ѪɽӱķֱԱǻصС
һĻļ죬΢ֻо౻˺һ㣬һצû䵽ϣȴ·һ㡣
΢޵νһ·˳˳ˮնżΣҲƽ⣬ܿѣ΢Ҳûиоʹࡣ
һ̣΢оʹ
ʹԱȴʹ飬
ǵЦصһĻͬһѼ⵶΢ࡣ
ҲҲҪһ£Ըȥðա
֪Ҫ˵ʲôΣȥ¾ȥ¾
Σ¶档

ߵµ黰ջ΢ƺһѵ죬ģ֪ҲСŮ˵Ļˡ
£ȥһߣӿŮ˾Ȼɵ˵Уһ䣬Ҫٶ֣˾ɱһɶǵɣֱǲֵһС¡
Ȼλ̶ͷûʶĿɲһС¡
ٿ΢ʱȴǿԷϾȻǴ˿˿ѪԷоȻӿѪᡣ
Цˣһ˾Ȼˣǻĺܣ˴ʲôЦԶĴɢ˷·Ϸһ㣬΢ѪԼ
ܿǾסˡ
ЩѪһ̾ȻǻһѪ棬һʼֻиһ㣬һѾǺȻð𣬳ɸߡ
͵Ѫ¶ȣбŰȴľսڳĶ˾֣˿̾Ȼȫоľ
ָоûгֹ٣Բһɵʱ֡


߰پʮ ۽
ָоʵǻǿɶõķˣôһɡ˿΢ƵȷˣǰҲһʶ㲩ˣ˿۾ҪƴӦһȼԪаϧֹȻ󾢲㣬ҵҪжپѪԪȼա
Ȼô˵һ㶼Ҵ⣬ԷȼվѪԪʱڵΪѾ졣
Ҵ˵տʵǿƴԼһСҲܳԴ԰Ѿ͵͵Լ´ȥһһ֣նɱ
ȻСǵ΢ʱˡ
Է
ٶ֮˷ָ̧һָͬħϮȻðһܺ͵ֵͷϾ̶ͷ죬˵Ϊ˿ǽеĹ͵أǹȾȻɲ֮ڣðǴ̣һ޴Ĺǽһ涼ǰ棬Ȼһõ¯֪࣬ԼǽͬҲδһͻơ
ֻһ룬ЦȻֹһָȻ˲佫ǽ鼱֮¼æȥҲָ͸赲ȼѪħָָ˴룬ֻڰؿڴɢˡ
ŵĳһ亹Ȼ˽ӽҪ֪Դ޳֮ѾûйƵĸо˿𣬰˷ȻסԷһָ鼱֮赲һ£ָȻԴضʱԼҪ
ˣָ̺ĿҲðܴأʱɫѿЩϵŰֻǾѹƣͬʱҡ
˰
ҿԷֻɶ˾磬ոһҪ
ҲͷһμоȻӿһ˿£ʼߣβܣöԷ޳ɷˣûһ֡ȻҲĴɢˣͬ˵Ķ֡
Ȼ˶˳ԹǾ;ԲٷŹˡ
ɱ
һ£˾¾Ҫǰ˽΢ܿԷʩչղһѾǵ˼£ԲڵеùԼǼ˾£˵ϾҪһ䡣
ڴ˿ĹͻȻһЦһ˻һХȻ䵽΢ǰҿɵЦСħʲҽãΪͽ񹦣ͽˣͽˣͽˡ
ͻȻܽľȻѾۣԭʬԪռ۵΢ĵĿȫǵתħű񹦣ȻˣȻΪǣҪﵽħҲ磬ȴӣ˾ʬԪҲǱ÷ɵ
ʬԪǸ֣żָ˲ϣȻǷΪȻΪѾ޸ռݣԼҲ÷ɶһ۵
ʱؿڵı̻»ֻϧһ̾ͱȻҲֱӷˡ
Ҳħ֣ȻЩ񲣬ȴܸӦʩչһȼѪħ鿴һʩչħ΢
ֻȻǷɶģתħű֮ΪȴǸǵģĴɢ˻ǰӵ̶˶۶ʮּɵȻǶͣۡ
ҲܵΧв˶Ƕ⣬ǵۿȥֺ
΢ͻȻֲҶԼԷ˵Ҳ΢΢һ㶣һƣҼȻͽܣͽܱ۸ˣ⵱ʦǲҪֽѵĵӻع
һһʱ΢Ļ̵Ȼͽܣ˭۸㣬ңҲƤ
˵仰ʱΧĴ˺Ͱӵ˶Ǹоһ˿һ̣΢ָΧ˵ǡ
һȺ˵۸ͽܣΪ棬Ǵžһɱȥ
۱һˣ֮Ǻ޹˼ɣ΢˵ʲôʲô˵־Ͷ֣ѹûκιǡ
һȻǱ۵Ŀ壬˰ģֱӱһзħȭɳȥȭըףĹΪʵƺӳɷ͸ղһȭ𶯣Խ˴Ϊƽء
Ա˵ͬ״Ϊ˱ҲΪԱԭҪɱ΢ɱۣһƬս
ɢˣСˣ̶㲻ˡӴ˿̺΢Ǻ֮ǣ֪Էôܷ뿪ɢһǻ࿴һۣԺԥΧ΢


߰پʮһ ĹѨ
΢ЦһһԼܳȥҲӳӲӳȥ岻󣬿΢ѹûҪߡ
˿̿ɢɱ΢Ҳ֪ԼڵĽֻһˣԺķһɱôɵĳɵʤ㣬ǸոʩչȼѪħָȼһԪѪھԲܶԸλˡ
΢΢
ûбûб֮ǰ΢ԼԲ
з֣ס̶ǼλˣôһΧ΢һڸղžͱɱˣԻڡ
ǿǷˣ΢׿ԽǿֶΣľϾֻɣһԽĴɽ
ӳȥûã·һ΢һ·ǸĶڣҲΨһ·
Ȼֻͣһˣһһӣ΢ȻὫϣϣǸӶΨһ·
Ȱ΢жϣӶ涨ȻǬͨĹĹңȻڴдŽ΢νвӦ鲼΢֮ǰƵĻʯ׾ó
֮ǰǰĹоʯ׵ĸԴȥлʯӦⲻٲᱻɱ
ȥ֮ʲô΢֪ܱǿ
΢һΪϵˣ֪ʱԥͷһתʩչŲ֮Ǹǰʱ΢ԶǸأһۣźԥԾ¡
΢ǼΪϣˮĴɢҲֹͼ΢ǸĿӶ
׷ȥֻܿŨҵѾӰ
СӷˣôȥֱӾͻޡһ˳˵ΪǿΪôȥҲǱɡ
ĹҲüˣȻҲǶĶޱȣҲܶγҪȥǺȫʧˡ
ҿδأäȻǿʱСӼӦûǵĿǰΪֹ涼ܰ˵Сûм
˵ССһѾˣͨҲԻˣʲôطȻĹ֮룬޽ĹĴɾԲֻһֶΣСֻһɣȥʮа˾ŻɡԦʱʮƶ˵
ź룬û˵
ɢ˵Ĵ磬ʶ㣬ܾʲôطԣ˾Ȼɾ罫Ӵˣ˾סȻԷȻͷ˸ϾɱǶǴ
˺ܿҲͲˣ鶼ѾˣǺ壬һ֣ǸˣΰóضǺ£صǵΪᾫ١
ʱҲܹĶڣɫҪ׷ȥСӾûУȻܣֻա
ӣֽǷŪʱ֮ǰԼͺáĴɢʱ˵ȻвԸҲ֪ˣ֮ǰһոһһֱۣԼҲһָ˲СˣĴɢǶģȻˣԼá
ģҰ˵ȥĻóȥˮãصøӿʼּۻۣ˵ؾͱȲģϾҲһֱڻǿƷߣڶǿпֱӱϡ
ãɢҲǴӦҲ뽫ǵͶصӦҲûʲô
һļϣʼԸۡ
תħű񹦣ΪȷǸߣӴǼ׵ôʱȻûӡ
ɢ˺ͰӼ֮ǲУѪˣȻûԽԽ裬ԽԽ
ӾȻλ˺󣬿ʩչ񽣽նɱһ׵֮ǰ۴һȭ˴˿ҲǷ˺ݣһȻſһ磬³һ̵ľ֮һ򣬽̱󣬳ɣͬһֱӽؿڴ̴۱ŷ𣬱ֱϣͷ컨嶼ײѣ¡һǧĻɫʯһ£ɲǸĹӶУûС
ˣⱻҵ񽣣УҲˡʩչ׵˿Ц
ɢ˺ͰһҲ˿鷳Ҫ֮ǰԼֱˡ


߰پʮ ɵ
ɢ˺ͰӵԼĳӶøɢˣӿĻռ
°ӾȡԼһ˼ƵͶ뵽ĻصУ֮׵˵ҲʮеĻᣬصеĻǾ𣬾ƷһҸΪͣ
һ˵׵ҲæȡԵһѳޣһͷĻϲͶصС
һߣ׼صɢҲһ˵Ͷǿ
ȵҲͶ֮ɢ˾ҪĳӴ壬ʱ˺Ͱͬʱɫһ䣬͵Ŀǻء
ΪͻȻڸղţǼͨȻʧȥϵ
ΪĸߣȻһ𣬵ܳŵס׵˾ͲˣеҲֻǵײ㣬˿ѪϵϣܵǿķɣȻǸһѪ
ѪֱأУӿɡ
Ծɢ˺ͰӶɫһ䣬ʱؿǴûɹκεãһĸǿ˵ʧأҪ֪Ƕ˾֣ٶƺǧĺöһ¶ˣǴȻǴ
ҪǣһĻɢҲҽˣһҲ񾭣ǶľͲԼˡ
ԽΪԽãԽ
ڳȻ˾֣һֶͨ죬ʩչֶοԻأҲðա
һ⣬ǰװ׶
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뵽ӳ󼸸µ˭Ըȥ
Ǽ˶ҡͷȻԸðաʱȻĺܿ죬ȵʮʱҪȥɢ˺Ͱӵֻ뿪Ĺ
ηǵʲôôû̵ǴʧǱȽǰӵ˵ʧ
һ˾֣һǶðӵɫΪѿ
ٲʺջҲûӣܿͻ᳹ֻ˳ȥֻ·һ
ߣҲ̲κκô֮̾ߣҲûɢˣȵӵ뿪֮ɢеԦһɻŹ֣Ĺûгֹ£ؾȻʵǷ˼磬ô
ʵȻˣߴ˿ɫҲʮѿ𽣿ɲǷƷɼսϡеʯӵд˵ҲΪ
˵ʵٿɣ˿̶ˣһҲܺ
ŭȻ̧һӡݺݵأ˾ֶ֣ǵضɽҡɫ䣬ĹУһӡȴֻرԵʯѶѡ
磬ŭĹ򵥣һ鷳ǡ״ä˼æȴŭδһٲǾͳ׷ɽ񷨡
һ̧̣һץ֮һɽͷͱհɽͷʮɸߣаأһͽɽͷŲƹ˵似˾ֶͨξԡ
ҷ⣡һȣȻɽͷһң޴ɽͷǽǰһȫ⻹㣬˸Ǵһɸѹ棬һΪģܽɽͷῪ
һ˲ǳһڶۿҪ³֣Ҳֻܸһɳȥ
뿪֮󲻹ʱĹٴ׽

ˮӣ΢Ӻڰѹ
ۣĿдãȻȵ֮ǰһУ΢ʡµƺڶ߻ƣѾˡ
صеĻֺһ㣬΢Լȥֻһ·ΪԼ⣿
ˣ΢Ȼڴţ졣Ҳͬɵһ㣬֮΢ųĳ˿˭ȥкܶҪ
磬
뵽´»صǸձˣ΢ɱڵ
ʱ΢ŷ֣Լڵĵطһǳˮֻûףˮ̹ǣ΢֮壬ȻҲо˺⡣
һȻһʯ£ұںͷϣĳֽᾧɢΡ
һۣ΢ͿڲԶۡ


߰پʮ 
۱޴Ļʯѹ棬Ϣ΢ô
ǱģԼģ
΢ȥܣ뵽۳ԼֵЩ˵ĹԼл
ԼȻţ˵֮ǰ뷨ǶԵģŻʯףȷԱ⼤
˿ۣһƤ񣬾Ȼûֻ˼ء˵ͬƻԼǱɣ΢̽ԸӦһϤħ
ħű֮ħֲͬ΢̷Ӧ
תħű񹦣ԭˣ۾Ȼ˾ޣȻˡ΢˰ΣôģԼŪתħűĹھҪۣû뵽ԷȻԼŪĹˡ
֮ǰ۱ֳս˵תħűǳİԵ
ֻ˷񲣬΢ҲԿ϶϶ΪתħűģҲǸ΢оתħű䣬ǲԭħű
̧ͷ˿ͷ϶ʮɵľ룬ѾûѹЩʯйϵԷȻЩʯһ£˵ӹһ٣Ҳֻ·һ
Ǭȡһƿ˵ҩ΢ι¼ʣµģ΢һԵԼ
ֱۻûлָ»޸Ҫ
ƾһھ΢ֻ˲ʱͽƻָ߰˰ˣϾΪ˵ǹͷѣֱӱնֱֻۣҪնϵֱۻڣ޸ֻǸɱһĨȥֱ۵˾ûôˡ
ɱһʣ΢õȫΪǳĨֱ۵Ĵڣ˳ǻ壬볤µֱۡ
һ΢ҪԸӵģֻϧԷӦ죬ûаˡ
Ȼƻָ΢鷳ֹˡ
Ϊ˶ʱڽԼΪȼ˴Ԫ;Ѫ΢ѾΪҲġ
΢ĿӦ֪ԼԪԭа˰꣬ڣȻֻʣ˼졣
Խսˣ΢ȻǲܵģʱǶԷ˶ڣ΢ƴԽǰɱֻǴ˶Էһָô򵥡
ϧǹһ΢ԪľѪû˿ҩ޲ԪûˣͻƵˣ֮仹ûֲ
ûԪʱֻмһ·
ʵϲ΢ո΢ۣͨͷԪȻҲֻʣ¶̶̼ꡣ
ҲǺתħűйϵ

΢Ȼᣬ˿ϵˮ̶棬ԼҲһʯ̨ϣȻǬȡһͼ
΢ʦԼɸеĻ԰еһͼ棬΢Ÿ
ľڶҺҪ꿪ĸڶ̶̼ʱѾǳһΡ
һϣɵʮһţꡣ
⣬΢õϡ
˵΢ֻʣ¼Ԫֻʣ¼Ϣʱ䣬ֻҪһҳȥ١΢֪Ҳԣٵ꣬ȻµЧþͻһ룬΢еǣֱȡóͼպãȻ۾գ̳ö
΢ͷһγԣò˵⸣ζΪһȥ֭ҺﱬΪԪ֮뱾Ԫ
ų£΢ٿԼԪ⣬ȻѾ߰ꡣ
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Ǽ̶Լ£΢ǲԷȫɱܶԵ£ԵԼ
뵽£΢ʹ𣬾пٸΣҲȲ¡ǿԻ£ǽȫٵ΢ҲĸԸ
֮ǰ΢ȡң۵ġ
۷ɵѲȫ΢˵Ǻ¡֮ǰ۽Լͽܣ΢зһħҪĸֲã΢ɵӡ
ֵ˰죬۳΢˵ҩҲ˹ۿ΢ǺٺһЦͽܣûˣ̫̫ˡ
˵͵̽ͷ̽´̽ͬʱʵǼ˸أ۸ͽܣӷɱǲɡ
ӣ۷ɵɣҲ΢Ĳ٣һۻָǲ⣬Դ˿΢ҲЦǽʦͽ˶ĹѨУѾ˰ɡ


߰پʮ ټ
ܲˣȥ׷۵۾һԾ΢״һ涼ϼûлʯϱҾǳȥΣڶ࣬ԼֻɣҲûãȻ֮ǰҲԳȥΪ
΢£һʱͽҲֻʦܰҡ
۲Ƿӣǰһ뻹ҪȥƴһٺɵЦɶ˵ܰ쵽ʦ϶죿ˣǲҪѧʦľ񹦣ʦʹ㡣
˵žҪȻ
΢æţЦתħű仹Ҵĺòãô룬ȴֻܵʦˣѾˣҪչҪʦΪһ
΢ȷҪչֻгΪ˲ܶԸӵˡ
ֻǶϷҲԲǺϵô򵥡
Թ֪Ҫʧܶգܷ˵ĺ١
΢аգڴ֮ǰҪ̽һġ
̫ˣʦʦ֤˻¡ʱһ澭˵ǿ߰ͷõ·ҲǺڲǻΪء
ʦ˴аĶ¿һЩܽҲһ¡΢յɵЦһкѣҲԼܣȥͳɡ
˵꣬Ȼǽ磬ǰȥ
΢ֻǸ˹ȥʯʮ־޴ǰƬ̾ͿǰһƬ̨ͤ¥ɸۼ״ǾֱУ˵ֱӽ롣
Զ΢ǿ϶һйϵΪǽɽɸһģһ
߽֮󣬾Ϳɸſдһңĸ֣ټɸ
ɸ޵ļΪȴ͸ŹŹ֣һ־΢ĸ֣ĸֹǰ̺Ϊǿʥ⡣
Ǻ֣ʥ֮ϣ΢ԼҲǶһģǿĸ֣ȻҲָʰ·ĸо
ʣдôһֵˣԷͬСɡ
ֻǾǺд˲õ֣
΢̧ͷĸ֣Ʒζе⣬ȻһּΪľأ֮䣬΢ƺǿдĸֵдĸʱ״̬
ԷñʣֻǸдĸ֣һ£ϵĵ£ͿѰ¡
ֻ΢ȻԷģֻܿһƬģڶԷΪ΢͸Էдĸһǳɣд֮󣬱૵ټǧ˰ʮ꣬Ϊɽһɵڴ˴⣬Ϊ޽ϲɸĹټ£Ϊ֣䣬֮׳غأǷǰݵͬʱͬʱΪ֮أ˾룬أټִԶ֮زɼľ𡭡
ʱԱһ΢һ£΢Ǵ֮ĳоѣŤͷһһɵЦۡ
ɵͽܣ⼸ʲôÿҽȥǸ˲Žкÿ˵ţ־ȥ΢
ո΢ûд˵ĻͱžѣҲ֪³ҲδһνֳҲֻգƺΪϤʲôطһ
΢Ȼһʱ֮û뵽ʱѾǽ΢ɸУһ·߽ȥ԰̨ͤ˺һ޴İ˽ͤ⣬˽ͤһ齣Χ鲼ɴʣԼԼ֮䣬Կɴ֮ڣǴһɫˣȻֻһۣҲܿԷľò
ǲˣǲˣ۴˿̸˵㵸һڸչʾ·һĺͯ
΢һ䣬ϸ˿Ƥһ
ﲻһĹôŵʲôʲôħӦǺʬŶԣ΢ǴŵŮˣȻǻ
ܿ΢Ϳ⣬ŮͷѾûԪҲ˵ȷ˲ŶԣĳɷԱʬ۹öḯá
龪һ΢ʱ򰵵Īⴲϵıټ
ȷǾɫˣֲλдֵ˳飬ΪɽһɵֻΪ˰λˡ
ɽһɵҲ˵һ޴ĸġ
ʲôΪ˿һ㣿
΢ãĸǸĽɿ϶֮Īһĸ֣
ֿܡ
΢ΪһȻ˺Ͼһ𼶱ǰ޵ĹᣬԼѾǲףλɫˣǲӦã뿪
΢ȷûҵκмֵıֻһĹ޳ɸĵط΢˳ȥٴĹ˰Ϣ


߰پʮ 񹦣һ
Ҫеߣ΢һĴ֮Ĺ΢֮ǰ½ȲѣĹɸͬҲȲѣ˵Ĺڣʱ¾Ѿˡ
Ҳ˵Ĺǵľˣ΢ܻţҲΪĹɸڣЩȻǼɱˡ
Ȼж΢𱨵飿
ټ϶Է϶һǰ΢ɸ֮ڵκζ¡
۷ɵ΢仰ܽԷƭתҲǺ΢һ˳ɸ
Ȼ΢֪ɸжȻɱҲĹõһһǾ
ٺã΢Ҳȥ⡣
ɸĿռҲܴ󣬶΢ۿȥⶴѨп˵в䱦̺֮ʯҺǼһΣ΢ҵʱǿ鰼ʯ̨ϣѾһҺ֪һҺҪʱ䡣
ǵϡ
ЩɸеĶ΢ȡߣ˵м洦
֮⣬΢ҵһ̶
̶ˮԼ˵ˣһαɣСҲ̻ᱻɿԼƬ̣Ҳ˶ѣɾҪһЩ̶ˮдҲԲܳһʱ֮Ҳᱻ̶֮ˮʴˣΪں̶ȴҲǴкô̶֮ˮ̺ľ̨Ҫġ޵ľҲͻ룬ǱչҲõϾԣȻ̶֮ˮЧѡ
̶ֻѰ΢޵ôãҲֻǾſһغ̶ºԥпʼ
΢ҪΪʱڷ
ɣ΢ΪѾ֮ף˵һʱʮʱԡ΢£Ǳۿ̶ҲǹһЦһ⺮̶ݵˡ
΢̶ܿ״һԻ񲣬ԣָо̶ʣȻ˯

ɽ硣
˾УţӶǳü˵ѾǻһɽǱߵĴһ㷢ֶûС
΢Ҳûκνչ
ţ΢һϵ˶Ҹǵģ˵ѾޱȵİͳĸֱʥԺе˫ҲǶꡣ
ͬţԤģ΢һ˾٣ʧ٣ʱſԣʱ䳤˾Բܡ
˾Ҫλ⣬Ҳһֱȱϯ΢вٿסĹϵںڵĳҦʥҲ֪ˣ΢ʧ֮Ƕһȥˣµһ¶֮ɫȥɽǸ鿴һ£˱鷳ˡ
˵ͷֻȥܻأʱѾãᴫδ鷳ˡ
صɽ磬˳ĬúŵĸԶȥսδ飬²׸ճᣬһݴ˾һְȵһ΢ٸԭλʱգ㾡͵°ɡ
˿ڣڻҦʥֻ֪ˣ鷳
ûв͸ǽƽ΢ɳ֮ҲĿĴڣһ伣£ⱻ˲ĵˡ
ɸУ˵Ҳһɡ
ߣ΢ƽ˸ߵξȻ伣£ѵΪ쵽Լӣʼչˣ
ǰɵƣʱ΢ҲԣԼ֮Ŷ
˶ɴССĵ㵽ֹǴģǿҪǩ״ģ˭˭˭ɱ˭Ϳ˭ɷտ
ȻСС֣Ҫ΢ǿ΢Ȼ⼸ʱһ·Ʒɹ٣Ϊǳ˺ϵɣõ˼ΣС
ΪĿɽֵʩ޼ȥս磬ԵҲ˺ܶ࣬ʵҲץʱΪɲ﷭Ϊϣ΢ȲԼϾԼɣǳԹɡ
ΪɷҪռƣǺڴºĶɱ
ˣ΢Ȼ¶ˣʼչܼϴ˵ͨһĸ´˿һƨȥȴǺ飬һ⻹˵ȥ˶΢ɸһ̽΢ʲô


߰پʮ 񹦣
ǾΣô룬Ҳ벻˿΢ȻԶսһ֪һĹ֮׼
֪Իձ
ףϵǽ޵;ϲΪһǸһ¥ϵһ֮ĵǳϿɡ
Ͽɣ
ԵⴳԵɱ
֤ή׽٣ϵʱҲĥѣȻʱǽ󡣵أҪںδܵشĶɱشɱ֮жǿ˵֮ĳɾжߡ
ȻһΪյḶ́һΣҲ¼ô򵥣ǵϣڴ֮Ϸ̨ʱ裬ԲˣȵϷ̨ڴɱ֮£̨Ͻ⣬꣬ɱ֮Ƿɹ
̵κεط˲Ƿʧܡ
޷⣬ʧܡ
޷֮磬ʧܡ
磬ǲϷ̨ʧܡ
Ϸ̨Լĵ⣬ʧܡ
Ҳ˵һηս΢֮ڴ֮硣
΢ڵΪ磬ǿԼĵ⣬֮磬ˣڵϷ̨붼롣
΢Ը˫ɵΪ⣬ҲôףΪ
ϵ֮΢˵ĹԿûκγͻ֮˵ҲǺϵɵĺôǰɵ֮ɷֻ߽֮Լڣ˵һ΢ʲôʲôôô
ɽʱң΢ѾĲˣ΢ħű䡣
⹦ȷĿǰ΢ħűڰ˲㾳磬ôİվа˳ˡ
΢̿ʼħű䡣
ʱţһ¹ȥ̶֮£΢ÿճʱȻȥΪѾ֮ܶ࣬ǰֻǵħűĲ㾳磬һʱ䣬ѾͻƵ㾳硣
ٹһ£Ϳɵ㡣
ͳħѵ㣬΢ٶѾǼ죬ҲΪΪɣҪ͵Ҳ졣
΢һֱ˯۾Ȼתѣħʱ䣬̩ɽʬֱչذ꣬΢ǿ˵תħű񹦣Ȼˣֻȴǣˡ
۵Ϊ൱ߣٱ΢˶Ҫܶ࣬˵֮ǰɢľѹ̶Щ˵оͿɼһߡҲ˵ڵۣѾǳӽħˡ
΢ں̶еճһΣѹãԼһд⡣Ҳǰ΢ʹչȥϸ˵۷ˣ֪ܿͿ΢ǡħű䡯
૵Բԣ⹷ƨ˭ͽܵģȫԣôôأȫǷѵ˺ͽܣ
۴˿ŭɶҪ΢סˣУͽ϶˹ؼʱ̣ôһ߻ħô죿Ĳ԰ôǺ
ޱȵۿʼѾʣ޼ġǡȻ뵽һ취
ˣ첻ˣ̫ˣô졣뵽ôһ󣬻⣬ɵЦȻƵ΢Ȼʩչ񹦡΢Ѩִֵ
۹⻹Ǻ׼ģ΢ȷǵһҪͷͷϾҪͻħű񹦵㾳硣
˵㾳磬΢ΪİҲһɡ
ʱ΢Ȼͣ£Ҳͣڹϣ΢ͻȻоԼѨħƣȻԼ
⹦ħűȫͬ˵תħű䡣
ã΢̷ӦȻڸֻʱ΢ѨƣΪٱڵ΢Ҫߺܶ࣬΢ȻԷǶãֻԼòתĹǿת
ͬʱǷݽ
ͽܣҺҷֵļʱȻҪùˣüѾߵȷĵ·ϣ͸񹦴ɡ۵ʮֵ⣬΢ЩᣬƫƫǺİֻ˵⡣
µ鷳ǣ΢Եֵ۰Լת۵Ϊ̫ˣ΢ȼԪ;Ѫǿһ˶۶ĸ£ǲࡣʱ΢æѹһںĵԼת
ʮֿ죬ˣۻһһιھ


߰پʮ 񹦣
ͽܣˣǱоġ񹦡㰴û˵ţһζοھ΢ʮֿܣϸһھ΢ȻĿɿڴ
ⲻԼ۵תħű񹦡
Ȼ񣬵Բǡ
ϸţ΢Խľ񹦾ȻԳһɣڶħϸĥһ£Ȼħű񹦻Ҫ
̥ħű񹦵һ档
Ȼϻ΢ıתħű񹦣ܶ⣬ܶ಻ܶ಻Եĵطȫ
΢֪۵ʶ֮ǰʬԪʶһתħű񹦸ˣ˵һɱĳ˶񹦡
Ȼȥ΢ǲɹģܶطƺ֮ͨʩչʱĵֶΡ΢һ񹦣΢ʣҲɣһ֪֮΢֪ġ
ڣۡġİ֮£ڶԷ벽ħħ·֮£΢񹦾Ȼһǧ˳˳ˮ
ܶ಻ɵĵط۵ֶһһͻơʼ΢ǿܣ΢񹦡
Ϊ΢֣Ҫħűˡ
£΢ת֮Ҫٳ̶ȱǱ۾ͻֱȡҺ΢һڡ
һȥ֮ѾǶöʯˡ

ͬһоŲ㣬΢֮ǰѾ쵽㣬⼸۵İ֮£΢ȫתΪ񹦣ҾȻͻ˵㡣
䣡
ͻƵ˲䣬̶еˮһϢˮȻϢǿޱȣĹ֣Ϣһ㶼ûȥ
΢Ϊʱ򣬲ԶĹɸУڴ֮ϵľŮϾȻ۳һӰӺʹϵŮһģһȻǲһ˿
Ӱ̬ƮݣԶϢķüͷһ壬Ȼ滺
һ֣Χ̱仯һӰչֵľȻ֮ǰ΢ľ󣬰΢Զ£ӡ
һ̣ŮӰȻЦˡ
ƣȻһ͵Ǻ̶֮ϡ
ǣ̶֮£΢۶û˿Ҫ֪۵ΪѾǽӽħҲ磬ŮӾ˽ӽ޲ɴ˿ɼŮӵĲ
ŮӺ̶ܿףֻɨһۣ㽫עе΢ϡ
һȻ
΢Դ˺޲ѹ֪˿̾벻߾룬һλԼ
֮˲΢΢һЦϢȥ»صɸ
ʱһץɣƼĹеȻ˲һ룬˿ƵУǧһ׹⣬ɢΪ۵׵ĹâǣƺһȻǲΡ
ŲһŲɲǼ䵽̶ףȻһװ΢ڡ
һ΢ȻǺ޲ȽӰ΢ڣǾɫŮֿ˿΢Ȼ̾ϢһЦʧ١
΢һĨЦݣȻᾪ̾ϾȻЦݡ
ͷ֮ϣǴУŮγ֣Ǿ޴ɽͷȴüͷ壬ϲ
һ֣аɽͷͱŲ¶һ
ԱߣһۣȻͶ룬һ̣ص죬γһ޴ޱȵС
еУɼļ׿֮ǰ˵𽣣аӵ˵
ͼļһƵ˿ھкܿʰ쵵ľʱŮһ䣬һ̣Ǽʰ쵵ľۣͬеһ˿ϢһһŮӡ
Ů޴ƣɷ΢ȻϳŮ¡
Ů˿ȻŮѰҰԡҽһãǸȡ裬Ƿ
˵꣬Ůһڣһ̣صеľͬˮһȻǱ˸ɸɾ
лѿգĿɫ֮ǰŮһģһ֮䣬һ׻´ϣ²ΧȻǷɳɲ֮ս磬ʧӰ١
ٶȣ˶ϲϡ
̶֮µ΢Դ˿֪֪Լڴ˿Ѿ׵֣Ϊ˿񹦵߲㡣
յЭҲЩŲס΢Ѿ죬÷ʮָˡ
ôŶͽܣɵ㶵ǣʦԶˡҲʦȻҪһ㣬ͽܣɵȻͷ˯


߰پʮ ⣨һ
΢ȷû뵽ԼŪתħű书ȻƸΪһǿ񹦡
еĹΪģ΢֪Լ⺮̶֮ã֮ÿպһҺѾǱȸɡ
۵İ֮£Ҳ΢˵ڰ˲۷塣
˿΢ţκˣаһɱǶˣԼǿΪһս֮пܻʤ
Ǿʵ
񹦵ڰ˲΢Ȼ΢ѾԳԷ΢ҪĲֻǳԣҪһηɹ
ֱӽھŲ㣬ȻԼĵ⡣
񹦵ھŲ㣬ʼ̶֮֮ˮѾɺתȣȻ̵ͬĿˮһ
Ȼ΢ʱȻǽ⺮̶֮ˮĺĴǴȥȻĿɿڴšҪ̶֪֮ˮǾʱ䷽γɣÿһˮ̺ĺⶼԱһһ뺮̶֮ˮԱһ̶ˮԱһ
ôһ̶Ȼ΢̶µʱкȷǲ˼顣
ڹ̵ĿˮУ΢Ƕ񹦡
ֹ죬Ǻ̶֮ˮѾ΢ͻȻ֮䣬΢ХһѣǿȥǽһѨ߰㣬ԶĹɸмǿػ˿
΢վ֮Ѿﵽ۷壬û˿׸⣬ˣƤʣ򳾲մͷ˻Ѿǲɢǿѹ
һԵҲ¶ϲ֮ɫͽܣˣ
΢ͷ
̥ħű񹦣΢Ȼڶ̶ʱ֮ͻƵ˵ھŲ㣬Ϊ˵΢ĵȻѾʼᡣ
ʸĵ⣬ǲż
úãҵͽܺһܣ˭۷ǲԳ˵۹˵˵ţȻ˵־Ͷ̧֣һȭȥ
Ȼ۲ʩչǴ似д裬Ҳóġ
ǧС似֮ϣֻҪǺϵģʩչ似ʱٶȶûкϵᲢۣ²似ֻһȭҲɽΪˣǶ־ǰʩչɷ治似Ŀ졣
һȭ죬ȭѹȭͷٶȣУһȭҲӰӶ׽
ǰ΢δܲ׽Ǵ˿̣΢Ȼǿ۵ȭӰǲ㿪ͬʱһ۶Էһֻͬһȭ
Ȼ񲣬սȴǱ֮ǰ΢һȭǴһãֿͬס¶˿ʼ
꣡
µʯԱ飬˫ͬ붹һʯУ˵γɽǶΧڵʯʼһһƯƺԼӰ졣
Ȼ΢ڻۣҲֻǺ΢棬һ˵һû˼˺
ͽܣΪҴƽ֣أɹŶһɹûʩչȻͷһȭ͵ס΢ΪΪ㣬ʱ̽ͣ±Ʋһ
Ȼ˵ֻһɹ΢ʵЩԿ䣬ӦɵɲŶԡ
ոռдһ£΢Ѿ֪ԼΪˣ˵̶ͨ׵ˣһһ£΢аȼһ־Ѫ½ɱ
ʦȻңȻܺƽ֡΢Ц˵һ䣬ŵ󡣽΢Ҫˣʱ䣬ϵʱƺҲȥûã΢Լû뵽ôҪ̤Ϸ·
΢룬ɾѾǽ׶Ŀɣڷˣ΢Լʱʮ꣬ʮꡣ
ʵϣǻԵɺ֮ս磬һϵеľѧ񹦣΢ҪȷҪµĻۣ˵Ҫʮꡣ
ڣ΢Ѿ׼Ҫ̤ؼһ
ʦͽҪչطοĲκδţϣʦúΪһҲ֮ǰԲǰңκҡ΢˿̺֣µķԸһۣһͷظ֤ͽܷģ¾Ͱϣұ֤㣬ñң˭һ
΢ͷȻ񲣬ڵûкԼģһ΢ܿģΪԼǿеġ
΢ΪԼ˼ʦֶ䣬ȻŽ󷨵Уһ£΢ľΪԼȹ꣬ľڣ΢̡֮⵹Ҳûʲôˣ֤ͬͺϵߵĶ̫ѵ⣬֮硣


߰پʮ ⣨
΢һ⡣
⣬ֻкϵ֮˵һиΪÿһɶԼĵ⡣
ģǲǰֻ̤˷ĸ֡⣬Գ֮Ϊˡ˵ϣ˺һ죬Ȼָˣˡ
˵ˣǵһ
΢˿̱ĿʼԼĵˡ
̲أʵһɳУ˵Ŀھ˵˾ֻ֪Ϊ֪Ҳûá
һţ˶Կףȴɸ߿գûκοԵ·Ծ󲿷˶ֻԿֻ̾мٲ˿ҵŵĵ·Ȼһ·˵עĿĽУ̤룬һƬµ硣
ģ΢ͷ֮ϿʼһӰӰȻ΢һģһֻ΢ɼˡ
ʱƣӰģԽԽԽԽͺأһʼֻһģ΢ɼӰӣģʵʡֻǿԿⶫˣʵ壬һ
ǵˡ
ֻ΢˿ֻһΣҪĵˣҪ֮
΢Լʯɵȡ˳ϵʹãĸ͵ļƷʯ΢Ǻԥõ
ʱСʱΪ̾Բκͣ٣ͬˮۣһͣ٣Ǻˣʧܡ
һɽ滹ͻ׷ϣֻвϵϲ˵ˣͣһҲᱻ׷ϵͻԵ
һʧܣһη͵õȺܾá
ǵ΢˵ϼһһΪ˷ǳﱸã˵ȫ׼ɽʧˡ
Ҳ֪ڵڼʧܵġ
ԴһʧܣڶûһγԷȻԷûиһıպ׼ǲٴγԣһʧܣȻΪʵҲᾫȴǸԶˡ
ϵһǿֹĳԣֻηᣬԺǵ֮Ҳٻ롣
֮磬Ϸ̨ΪȻǾʹͣڣĿܡ
˿һԣۼΪĵȥ΢Ѿʮ죬裬֪Ҫûһ쵽
ҵ˶ã껹꣬ǲˣͽ˿϶ܱһ죬ɡ鷳ˣҪꣿϣھ˵ͻȻӦУУ˵ͽܱʦУԲУôҲ꣬ʮ꣬ʮʦѽҲУʮˣ˵ҽͽ޷ô죿
ץ۾뵽֮Ȼһࡣ
ڴ˿̣΢ǱͷĵͻȻ۾Ȼ´ϾȻ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ˣԭ֮壬Ȼޱߡ΢Ȼǿԣ˵ˣԶڷյĿɿڴȻ۴Уʮˣ⿪ʲôЦ
˼ȳ΢ȻҪеڶ΢̧ͷһ㿴ͷԶһϣһʰ쵣ȻǱǴ֮硣
粻ͬ˵ȫͬ΢ĵ˴˿̾Կһֻĵֻǵ⣬޷ҾǵҲˣΪֻͷҪܲסշ籩΢Ҳû˷ضɳ
пʱ֮ϣںδ֮Ҳ֪Ǻȫǵ磬ֻеⷽɽ롣
˿̣΢ѾɣһҪͻƴ֮ϡ
ͷģӵԴڳˣȻǺܿ΢ʮ˵ʵ˿ȴ΢Բ׽֮硣
ôҲóײٴϲпܡ
΢˿ҲǿͷĴ֮ϣȻ֪֮ҪԵϣɽ֮硣
ܶɣΪ˻ײٴΣǧΣ˲пܳУ˲ȹ̣ײĴˣǻûг֮磬˾ѾԼˡ
˿̣۵ĵҲƯڿգ΢ˣܽȥϣԼͽܳɹ±Էȥ˿һһ
΢ȻûʱȥעۣǴ֮ãͻȻ磬һ̣ƺӿһϸСϵ磬ֻһΣϣ֮硣
ֻŴͣ˵ۡ


ڰ˰ ֮
֮ǰ΢ĵ˸оں統Уͬ㣬Ȼܣʮֲʡ
ڽ֮˲䣬Ȫһ㣬˲ޱߣ崺磬еĲɨҶȫʧ
΢һΧһƬ֮⣬ˡ΢ǣȻŲơ
·һŲƶ֮粻֪жȴƽ̹ޱȣûκε͹ûɽͣûкû֣һ֮£ˡԶ׿Կһ޴̨ӡ
û˺΢˵΢Ҳ֪Ǹ̨ӣǷ̨
ʱһŲƹ΢ǰѾǶһˣһۣΪţ΢֮΢΢һЦѰá
΢ͷһν֮磬֪֮ͨ˽磬˾֣ȹ̣ʱˣԼֻΪΪ˷Ҫ֮磬ϵ̨Ҫһȴס
Ҳ˵֮ʱи˵ǰһ۵ˣȻ˾֮ϵĸ֡
΢Ҳһϸ˿΢ֵѿͷһ֮磬׼Ҫɣ
΢˿Լֿ˿ԷȻǵˣʣԷ̬ȹ̣һ֣Լû⣬̬Ҳȹ̡
ԷӣӦǷ֮ˣ΢Ҳûзϣ˵ͷ˷Ϊ
΢΢һЦҸռѽ֮ʱ֮⣬ϡУ֪Ǻεͨɷһۣ
΢üͷһ壬ԷҪЩˣͬǰ·ˣ׼ȻҪǮһң΢ѹ֪ʲô֮⣬΢תҪ뿪ǵһɫһŭѺû𣿡
˵꣬ȻͻȻץ΢
΢һҪ֪ûйģɶץ˲䣬΢ȻǸоһļ¡
΢æܣͬʱһȭһ̣΢ȭϾȻǼһ׹⣬Ȼ
߷ΪҵĽ˲ǻһʧ٣Ȼˡ
Χ˼״Ҳһһ㿪ҿ΢ȻҲв¶̰֮ɫȻ΢˿ʩչ׵ͨΪĽʡ
˿Ѿвι״ΧЩ˵ϢǼΪǿ󣬶֮統Уǲ޵ʲôƶħֻҪ˵ģԽ֮硣
һЩаħҲΪ档
ո΢ʹɫ׹⽫Ǹ˵˻ܣȻһˣ̰Χ
΢֪˵еͨжˣ˱ϾǱ壬Ϊˣܶ˶ǧϣȻ˵ľͨͬһ㣬ǱΪ˵漫
˵ĳͨôǵıȻҲԻãֻȡãǿԴ졣
壬֣ǲѰᲢۣ߶ǿͨ˵Ը׵硣
ԣЩ˲Ż̰
΢էûи״ۿҪܵΧϰ˵ΧʱһӰ£һ΢Ȼ֣΢ٿԼȻѾǵ˷̨Χ
͸ղǸطԲͬвש󣬶ϸȥΧȻгǽﾹȻһǡ
ٿ΢ǸӰԷһŰ£ģŮӣȥֻʮӣƫƫһѹ
ڵ֮¶ͨþ𣿡Ůɫ˵һ䣬Ȼתߡ
΢Ҫ׷ȥʸֻգ֮䣬ȻѰ伣
һ΢Ūô¡
вûмأ֮ʵϷΪ֮ں͵֮⣬˵һζֻǽ֮ڣеԼ˭Բﶯ䡣ƫƫ΢ξǲ֪ʲôаȻͷһ͵˵֮⡣
֮ûκԼ˵ΣգԲ񣬶ܱ˶ȡ˵ͨ
΢ˣֲԼͱ˵ˣͿԼ˵̬ʣǲһУǾһͷ򣬲˭
ǹؼʱǰŮӽԼصǣԤˡУԼĵˣΪλͨ
΢ûмȥǷ̨ǸӦһһλ֡
ԼڣȻһö֡


ڰ˰٩һ һ
΢ϸһԼھȻ׵֡
΢ľԸӣҪֿ֪ǼΪѰܿɹ־ȻѾԼĵһ𣬾ͷ·ǱԼĵһ
˲֪΢Լĵ⣬Լ˭֮ǰǾû׵֡
֣ƫƫԼڣҾȻǳΪԼ˵ĺġ
ָһ΢ָף΢ҲǾϲӣȻǲ֪ԼںϣϲȻƺѾ޴׷ֱһ׹ȥ˭ܵУ
Ȼ׵Ҳŵȣ뱾ΪмĹϵ΢Ȼ׺ɱʵܶĸ֣׾Եͬһɱ
΢ʱеļɻǷ̨
һ֮磬ĿľΪ˷ˣȻӦǵ̨ǰ̨ΪʣĿ⿴ȥǧɸߣ̨а棬ÿһϵĽݣ˿΢ͿʵǷ̨
ɨһۣ΢Լûзϰ֮˿̶ڷ̨׼̨
мرߴ˶ά
΢ֻɨ˼Ǽߴˣ֪ԷıΪٶǽһ
ս޴ޱȣޱ޼ʣдС˵ϵƣ΢ΪϤĶսУҲֻǱȽϾ޴ĸѡ֪սжôǿƣ˸ʲô֮Уάˣǽһ
ҪϷ̨Աһϼǹء
΢ѯһλһˣ֪ЩλҲΪЦǳէʲôľʣŶˣҽһ£һţѾǵڶηˡ
Է˵񣬸˵ʦţ΢֪Է̽·΢ˣԷеȫĵʱ΢ȻҴţϣһɳĸˣһԴһЩϢȥ
΢Цһĵ񣬵һɳ΢
λһ΢΢һ㶣ҲЦԭһɳĵѣʧʧŶһɳǰȥϧΪã޵ȫͳһȥ鷳
⻰ǴʵһȫĵжȫȥˣȻܵΧҲֻ֮ܺƽദ
ˡֱԣĳһȫʦͬԴʵǲӦභֻϧ΢ᣬҲҴ֣Ҳһĵ̽һµ⣬벻֣ġһǸˣ΢һԣȻĿʼ⡣
΢óһֵ̽ҼΪ棬֪Էһȫĳͻ෴һһĵܸȤ΢ҲǴһ˽һȫ
˵ģȻ֮ơ
ʱһͻȻ𣬴ŭ֮⡣
һȻһֵ̽⣬Ŀ㻹Լȫˣ£ҶҪ
΢һ󣬴˿վһˣɫ˿һЦƺץס˱˵İѱһ㣬ʮֵ⡣
΢ϵˣһϵá
ʦ֣Ǻγԣֵֵֻ̽⣬̸ĿҲǴ£αشС֣СһЦ
ǺҲ𻰣ЦһֱתԶŷ̨һˡ
ֵѼЦˡһ̾˿ԴǸ˵ȫһݵģ˵УʦֵҲĪ֡
΢ЦŰ֣Ȼ֣ʵܺһ̸һ΢ҲǳǸӲΪͳһջ𣬾ԭǶ˲£ԷһŵУȻǾ֡
º΢޹أҲ¡
һֿ֮΢ڷ̨µȴ
һߣڷ̨µһɶǰĺ֪ˣȥɡ
治һǸһ̸ǻȫͼӴףǸ֮üͷһ֣СҲҿҲûʸǷ̨ˣȥޣ֮
˵꣬ȻǴһӣһǿֱӽǸ֮硣
һĻ˶ŵԶһλ˵ӣô˵ͽͽһ½ȥЩˡ
أűֵȫֱ˵˻СˣȻҪһѵ˵꣬һתǳһߵһͬһ֮ȫҲСоȻضͳ


ڰ˰٩ ֮

Ǳߵһ˴˿۾ɢǿ⣬˷ӦȻӵġ
֣һҲ𲻷һڿ˵Ҷ㣬ģˣȴҪƫƫռŶɽ粻ţʵǲӦá˵֣һڻܱȵùȫ𣿶ɽ磬ҲûȫִˡһȻǵʮ㡣
һɳʱȫҲûţȻûռݶɽϵȸҲչȻǽȫչ׹ģһ֮£Ҫʤһ
ӺɶǸֵڴ֮縺άֵġصߡҪΪ֮صߣٶǽΪΪصߣһֻһǧ˰꣬Ҳ˵һΪصߣһǧ˰ꡣ
ȫĽɸ֣һĽɣ֮⣬̫һħҲнɼֳ䵱صߡ
ȻЩǴ
Сûʸ䵱صߵģټĴ֮һľΪѾʿϡ٣ûнһ֣Ҳǿȱ
Ȼڴ֮磬ⲿҲ֪ģȫһȻҲ֪
⼸ص̸߽Χǰ֤ˣѾ֤ˣǲҲ죬ȴǸ뷨΢ɾȻһǰʱϸ֡
ˡ
һɳУȷһλɣ˵һƷɹ٣˽֮λɽһҪһ
λǧǰûϢԭǴһ䵱֮صߡ
Ȼɳĸ߲㣬΢ȻӦݼ񣬲ƺʱۣ˵ģȻһȫ֮
ʱ˿ǰ˵У˵мһˣٿȫˣŵľλȫҲмλϣһǱȲ˵ģʵʵ˵ʹһѾ˥ˡӴ˿Ц˵
˭˵ûСʱŭǵǵ˭һˣվ
һ䣬ǰһվ˳ΪͷһҪĻԾͲ̫̫࣬ܳɹ
λˣʣµȻ΢ˡ
΢Ȼվ˳ʱ϶ǲں棬¹һʱˣ΢ԼԼҲˡ
ֻ𣿡Ȼ⡣
ǱӹһЦ˼ԶǾϣȫҪѹһһ
ɵȻǲˣһʱ֮Ҳûӡ
֣ΣʹһܿһѾôһôʱֻô˷ʵǡɱֿϧ΢΢һЦǵ⡣
˶йϵҪû˷ɹ˶࣬δܱȵùλʱ粵ȻԼҲûеףͳ֮ǿ϶ʾġ
ӷˣˣλԴһȫһȫѾãҿҪ˵Ƿ̨˭ȥ˭ӮңλΣһλҲʡ֮ˡʱ򣬷صߴ˿˫ֺʮЦ˵
صߣѹ۲ڲţƺ顣
ҲãǾԷʤɡҲô˷Ϊ֪ȫ˵УмܷɹһǱ߿϶ǱȲϡ
Ҳֻͬ⡣
ʱ΢Ѿǰɹһһɳ˾Ʒɹ΢ˡ
΢еǹ񣬱Ͼλɾ˵һƷɹٵĹλ
ԭ㻹ɳ֮٣ãã˷㾡ȫԸÿһηɹѹһѹȫʱ˵
ʱһҲ߹һ΢ȥȻʮ죬ͼԷһɳ˾Ʒɹݼˡ
ݡ
΢ˣⲻɳͬ𣬳ҲǳȻ٣Ҳеͷ֮ġҪǣԷɳͬţôͿԽԼĽȥùԼ˵ġ
ȻŤͷ΢벻ִҲҪˣʵ̾
ϴˣһѾ˵˷΢ϴذæ΢Եĺܼ
򵥼䣬΢ŽԼ봫ݽԼϢȥһҲǴΪԾֲִþûвμͥᣬģҶȻѻȥ
һ΢ҲǷˡ


ڰ˰٩ ˭ܷ
΢ԼͻȻʧ٣һЩ𶯺鷳ţıʿڣѰģȻԼʧٵڡ
ţ뷨΢ڱԼĹλϾ˭ͻȻʧ٣Ĺλ϶
ֻǾţıٸߣҲܽһֱţдµһ죬΢ڴ֮ݡ
ɳȻĸһϵģҲǵжΪ˺ǹûģɱˣͲһˡ˵㴫ڱº־ˡ
ɣ֮صߵʱ򣬱˵΢ˣݹû֤أȻǲ֪˵飬Ҳǽ˵ɺ˼Ҫ㡣
̨ƸƣԲǿʵǣ̨⣬ʱо̹ǣʱоⲻߣϸʮɾѾǼˣҪ׼мǣǼֲס򲻿ǿ󣬲Ȼ˵ˣ´Ҫ֤֪Ҫȵ¡
˵һ仰΢͸оһůλȻϣȴǼΪС˷ȫϾ˱̬ȷ˾塣
С£ǲҪܣ˵Ϊ͵λһɳжٮٮߣһЩѾԺ˵˵ˣڴ֮һǧ˰۲仯ȷһѽ֮ȫûбҪǻȴаգ̨ްգ۾飬´һǷƮҡܶλ˾ҲܶһǸı㣬ˣһΪһƣΪ˼ǣǵ޶ִǷ̨ǻǵĵˣŪã޷ܣǻһλˡǲ⣬УոȫһӸϳ֮磬ʵǿǸѹܷɹԲŹˣ£ġ
ݺ΢ǸæͷƷƷɹٵĸλ˵ûһʡ͵ĵƣոյҲһ㣬ֻûɿô͸
ԷһѽҲûס
ʱˣһкνѣ
ҡͷ֮ҲңǶΪ֪Ҳֻͽգǰɡ
һ⻰ݻ΢֪ˡ
Ǳȫ׼Ѿ׼ãһˣһˣð˸˿Ƿ·׼ʵǷ̨
ʱ΢۾һɨȻǿԶһӰ֮ǰԼӵ֮ǸŮӡ
ŮӴ˿վԼĪʮ⣬Լ
ʱҲӦɨȥһۣͬǰŮӣһ̣ŮѾʧ١
ٿɫŹ֣ȻԷڶ΢˼ƬҲסûѯʣֻ૵λȻע˷Ī΢λʶˣת
ε̨İ˸ˣȫһΧҲ֪ȫһԶ֡
ȫʱν˲űǿƣѾҪѹһˡһ֪Ǻ·˳˵
ûһͷսУռݣǴɳ֮ԾӣϧˮתһԴȵʧ֮ÿ£νҲǸΪͷڡȫѾսимȫĳ𣬵һȫභȫ˽Σ˼Ҫˣʱս綼ᱻǣȥһԿ͸˿Ϊп˵
Ƕ֮սมΨжΪϣǵϾ֮أȷԴʥأɵڵʱܺһᶫɵʧ٣Ѿ˫۾ӣ֤ȵɣߺߣ;ԲһĵˡһɢϢ˴˿̹Ц
֮ȫƣҲΪ̽һʵһɵͻȻȫԾĹȫǼλһͻƵɵ֮ɵۻڣһҲӸ𡣡
λ˵еԶˣ˵ڵ̨İ˸˵У˭ܷ
ȫˣ˶ǵڶģһҪǿҿһӦҪˡ
ҲôΪӢͬ


ڰ˰٩ Ƿ̨
̨£ȫصӴ˿ͻȻڵ֣˿Ҷļλ˶Ѿ׼׵ҶҲһɸӦģ
ͱˣԵΪɼ֪Ҫ䣬Ҳܾܾ
ǾܾƣʱҪľ˲
ӣҪζģƽѯʡ
Ͷʱ䣬ȫӷ֣ڴص꣬һĵӷص꣬㿴Σϴ֮Цһǵһ
Ӻôơ
Ҫ֮統УҪ֪صʱҪصǾǶãȻʱǿת޵ġ
ӽصʱת޵ϣ̾Ϳ뿪ԭֻ꣬ת֮͵ôһǧ꣬˵Ĳ£һ˱
ص֮һ£ô̾ܳȥ׳ȫƣϾǽһҾơͬͽӼһʵ
ϸһ룬žʼĿġ
һʼƣ׳עȫǼƻõģѾǵ֮¹ȫһ֪Ҫ䣬Ҳܾܾ
Ǿܾ˵һȫǻûʼȾ䣬ԲС
ʱӣҲûв⣬û˵ԷɣǵȻţǱˣͶꡣ
ãǾô˵ˣӼƻóѣȻЦˡ
Ȼ־ݣҲԼֻǿͷŵͷŵѾ㹻ˣӺɵĵλǾһĭһ˵ȥóȥˮԲҲܷڡ
Ǵ֮дලǲضԼȻܴɡ
һĻ΢ҲǿȻó֮²ŴӦģ˵ԷѾ϶Ҫġ
һˣԼڣͷһȻɣԷΪȴȴһֱڲſʼԷڱУһߣݵİȻҪ󣬳֮һһˣԷɳɹ٣ɽŵһλ
λҲһеˣݲ˶٣ϾǳɰϵˣΪȹ̣Ҳ㡣˵΢߾Ͳˣ㣬΢ɾͺϵɣҲһʱ䡣
ȫǱߵλˣݶҪǿһ㣬滹λһ΢֪һѾǵڶηˣһ棬һΪԵڶηģΪԲˡ
ɼһȫǱߵ˵УҲǶģ̨İ涼ͬΪ֮ΰص߾ģԿϱĸλȫռһֻռһ
ȽϲĸλҲŵȣ΢ռȻһڵڶҲ˵صУ˸׼̨ʵֻŵߡ֮ǰдĲᵱУдǺʱϵģ΢ʵдص΢һʱ˽֮ѾǶˣҪųɾǲܵġ
ԲŽŵߣΨһǸ΢ģѾζɹģصûʣԼζܣԲŵ΢档
֪ҲӰ˸˵ķλϿ⣬Ȼ󲿷˵Ŀⶼվĸλϣ̨Ĺֻбŵվˣص߿õģϣɹġ
⵹Ƕɣȥǧʱ֪жǰλصߵ۹⻹ûп
ܷˣֻĸλӱĸλȫռι⿴ʣȫӮѾǳ߳ˡһ˸п
ˣ˸ˣԵ̨ɣմ֮Ĺأ˭ֻһλᣬǼֲȥȻ˵ˣ˹أммǡ˵ӣȻûпʼȣоѾʤȯգȻ緢
ⷬǸȫ˵ҪǺһ˽ģ˼ǳŲȥӲš
һЩϸһ룬֪Ƽոչɴģ˶ڸһʩѹ
ΪӮǿŲǿ϶˵ˣһˣ˱飬Ƿһ𼴽ˡ
ƣư˰˵
ʼɣ˵꣬ȫһλҲĸλõһλȫ϶ȥ
ĸλϱϱϣΪ𣬶֮Ϸĩβǰλȫռˣֻݡ
ȫ棬̨һǧŰپʮŽףһ滨գϵǧ߰ٽףЩ󲿷ֵһηֻܵǵǧǧ׵˱൱ˡ


ڰ˰٩ Ц
ȫлһ˵һηǵǧϣǾḻڶηȻǼ죬˿Ҳһ϶ȥ
һͷһΪȹ̣˿̵ʲãҲһǽ׶ϡ
̨ĵһ֮ʱ統УʱǱգԽϣкǿѹ縺һ㡣˵ϵǧ֮米һɽ㣬˲ȹ̣ԼϣӲ˾бѵĿܡ
֮⣬Ƿ̨ҲʱƵģһΪޣ֮вУ
û˻ᵢʱ䣬ʼʱǰ̤ס
ֻƬʱ䣬ٶѾϵٲ̨֮ϣлһں˴ͷǲʮף˵ĺܽˡ
ܿ˾ͷ֣ôֻ߸ˣ
һء
һͼվڶϷһ˾Ȼֻϵһױͣϲ£Ȼվ˯
һĻһ㶣漴ǺôЦ
˭ʲôأ
֪һˣ΢ķλǶλǰ˸λеڶġ
ʲô˼
֪ȿ˵
˶öԷӦϤӦúܿͻȥǰҲƵͷһһЩǻϤһ£Ҳûʲôֵġ
Ȼˣλƫƫֵˡ
ʱ΢վǵһ̨ϾȻǱ۾һӻڴ˯
ô£ô
֪ǲιȥˣ
˵ʲôأôιȥҿ֪ԼУԷˡ
ЦǿЦ
λصҲΪ죬Ҫ֪ʱ䣬ٶѾǿҪϵһǧˣһҲϵٶףֻ΢ڵһϱĿһ
ӲмһЦҡͷٿעǵһλ棬滹һλСʦֶһлľ
һҲϣӿһһӦÿԳɹ˸ˣֻһɹһ˷˻̱ӱȽ档һ˿̵ǵߵǸݣҲϵ˰ٶףٶף⻹ֻǿʼԽ棬Խ󣬿˵һ˾Բܳ档
һλעһڵһ׾ֹǰһˣ
ע˹ע
ɵ۾һֱ΢΢һξͷĿʵڲ󣬵ʱ䣬ǵǧӦⲻ
΢ˣҲ벻е
ǱߵķŵصҲһȻҪصǧϣķˣû΢һֻһ̨׾Ͳˡ
ȡѡΪ˿һУЦ˵ȵһ֮΢վŲ֮ǰΪڻȡ˲ˡ
û˻Լǰ;ȡ裬Ҫ֪ʱÿһ죬ÿһʱÿһ̶Ҫޱȣû˻װ˷һʱ䡣
˴һʼͷ
Ȼڱ΢һˡ
ܶ˶¶ʧ֮ɫʮֲݣ̨ϵˣûʸ֮硣ö֮ҲͲעˡ
ʱ΢Ȼ۾ˣֻĿǣ΢ûϣȻ𾪵Ŀ£һ
Ȼһ
һ̨ףںˣһ̨׶ֻصԭ㡣
ֱеĳ裡е̲סǿʧܲ£µԵûС
΢ȴǲΪڵһ̨վһ죬˿֮󣬾Ȼߵǰ棬Ȼ⡣
˿ˣһλˣѾǧ׸߶ȣŬϣ΢̵̨⡣
ȻҲǲޱȣݣҲִڴˣ΢̣ҲǾ㣬һ̸۾һ΢ʮ͡һĵ⣬΢˽ʵҲǼΪµ⣬һЩ⣬ܶѾǶʲ
һһǼʱȵ֮΢һܸ˰ɣٲϿˣƫƫ΢ûϣߵ˷ص﹪һ񡭡
΢ȻǷǾ£һǰһزʱ̾͸о̨ϵľ޴ѹʹʹ
ͬŽ̤ڵһ㡣
Ϊˣһʹ΢̵ģǾһ̣΢ͻȻ벻ͨһ¡
ǾΪλʹѹ
˵谭֮ôģôһ·ȥͿԷʹѹþΪǿĵˣȻˣǷֱ뷨˾Ϳˡ


ڰ˰٩ ϣ
ʵϲˣ΢֮ǰãҲû٣΢һ֮󣬾ȻǿԵٷ̨ϵѹ
һ˲õķ֣΢ų̵̂˼һ֮µһ̨ףǼλصߡ
λӣ΢Ҳ̡
΢Ҫ˽һЩ飬ڴ֮磬ڷ̨ڵˡҪ˽Щλصõѯʶ󣬵Ȼеص߶棬ˣ΢һҲࡣ
˽Ķ̫ˣ΢úú˼˼ͬʱ߸˵Ѿǵ˰Ȼ
Ѿǵ죬ڵһλ棬ʱ䣬Ѿǵǵ˵ǧףٶȾȻڶλһǧ֮ࡣ
ǣԭڵλȫλлˣǾڲ֮ǰȻǱһݸˣܵ˵λлǽ׷ᡣ
ˣľͱȽԶˣʱܵǧӦѾǼˡ
ݵͻȻɿһϣƺϾһɳƷɹ٣ȷͬ졣
˿̷̨İм䣬ХżǿɨϣͬǱޱȵĸˢˢһ㣬᲻ĥ˵⡣
˲ȹ̣ⲻ㣬Ƭ̾ͻᱻɨȥ
ڵһλƺһ㶼ûܵӰ죬ֻʲô
Ͼһε̨Ѿ硣
˾Ҫһ㣬ǲƺرǧ׾˵˵ȹ̡
߶ȿȥ˵ͬɽ֮ϸһ㣬һжʮСʱϢŤͷһۣûп΢Ӱ
Ī΢ķˣΪ⣬˲֪ȴǶ΢·ֶʮϤ
ɳУ΢˵߹٣˵Դ΢ɳӵƷٿʼһ·ǲƽ
ΪɹٵȻ΢Ϊ˽⣬˸ߵ׿Խ΢ôܻڷʱ̨Ǿͷ
ⲻܡ
ƫƫʵˣѾȥ죬ǵĿʼڿʼǷ̨Ҳˡ
ֻǽеɻ£Ȼȥ
һͬ뷨˲ȻǸڷ̨´΢Ѿȫעˡ
ʣԷ϶ǷˣϣˣƹˤȻˣ˭΢ʲôɣʱҲȫϣˣ֮ǰλŮӶ΢ƺǹעмӡϾѾʼ죬ʱѾ룬΢ͷһܷˣ˵ܵǧҲ¡
̨Ľݣǰһܣмһֻߣһÿһ׶Ǽޱȡ
ƫƫ΢һûУ˳˼ȥ̼Ϊص⣬ʱӣ΢Ҳ߲ܣԭܼ򵥰϶΢ǷˣȻˣԷȻԸ̣ǽͺãҲӰ
Ӿ΢֪֮һ˶ˣȫʡˡ
ڷ̨Ͼƣ΢ȻҲΪעÿ춼һЩʱ䶢ѾǼԶļˣϵʲô̶ȡ
ӣֱûһͷ·ѾˣԼΰ˸֮һ˼ҾֶȥˣȻһ²ؼģò˾ֿЦֿɱǽ΢ɵӡ׳պ͵С
˼ȫʵǷ̨ʱ̨¡¡ʵ΢£ֻ⼸ΪУǾ£Ա
˵죬ɶѾ׽΢Ϊؼһ죬˵עе̨ϣȻйٿ΢ʲô
ڵһλãѾϵǧٽףһһʱ䣬ʣٽף˵Ѿ൱ˡ
˰ٽ׵ĵطһݡ
ڼһ൱Ǵһ֪ݵʺܸߣΪҲǼΪȹ̣һûзɹһαȻɹ
֮⣬༸Ѿʧȥ˷ĻᣬŬϣȻǴ㲻һ̲
ǵ־;ģ΢ϢΪ˳ЦͿ
˿̼Ǵڵһλ棬ȻÿһΪѣаڵʱ͵Ϸ̨
ʱ䣬ֻ죬Ѿǳ󲿷ַˣʵϣԸ죬ֻûôˡ
ٽסе⣬ͷһۣݻһ׷ˣ˷ޱȡ
ʱһֱ̨΢ͨʲôȻȻϷ̨ĵһ


ڰ˰٩ Ȼ׷
ʱѾ˵죬ҵ춼ʱ΢Ȼǿʼ̨һЩ˿ֱ֮ɵ
ǵһӦһɳ΢ˡ
ڲŵǷ̨ô׷ȥ˵׷ȥϵǧ׶ʲôȥˣ
֮ǰƶ΢ˣû뵽ԷȻҪ̨ˣʵ벻ͨ⣬һˣҵͷ
ǲ˶ʮַŭԭܼ򵥣ׯµ飬κһˣȫԸƫƫ΢˵ĲģȻջ
ȻûΪ΢ԵȥǧףҲû˾öԷȥ
΢˲ģƲߣҲֻȡˣҶ϶ϲǧס
Ҳôģ쿴ȫѾ˾ǧİٽף
һˣڶûгһҲԸϲˣһΣȫȲʤȯ
˵ȫһЩƣҲ̽һǳ㿴ˣһĲǰˡ
ǫֻ̈̄İٶף˵Ŀⶼеϣʣһΰ˵̨ȫ漸Ѿʮþȡ
еǸոս֮磬Ƿ̨ļѣѯʣһЩѾˣʱ͵̨һǧŰپʮŽףʱޣʱ޵ˣܻûᱻ֮ڣ˭ǵ̨⣬ɷɹʱ߸ҲᱻҲ˵˸˵УֻһܳɹǧŰپʮŽ̨ףտʼף˵ģϵǧ֮ϣϾ΢ЩѣѵģһٽסÿһǼޱȣʵ޺ĺǾ԰첻ģԺϵףѣʮɵгɣʮɳˡ
Щ׼̨˶ޱȣӦһе׼
ʱˣλصߵĿⶼȫϣԷٶȺܿ죬ӣ첻ͿԵȥڹʷоˣȻһǶһǶĶǸеĸ֣еš
ȫҲˣͿԵǶȾųɵķ˶Ҫǻһ仰˵ܷģûһǴģǾеľ
ȫҪһλˣһżˡ棬һλص˵дһ˿Ľ֮ɫ
Ǹĳķչ˵ΪйϵģеĴȻǴ֮µϡ٣ȻȫѾгԽһƣܿܣΪ֮ס
汾ҵʦֶܼģ֣οǳˣصˣӴ˿̺ǵ⣬ʱѾϵǧ߰ٽף˵ѾǺȺһǿ϶׷ϲˡ
̾˿Ȼ֪֮ǰϾǱһϣڣȥȫĶеţ˵Ǹ棬һҲܱȵϵġ
һλһˣ˿̲ϵǧףȻһѾǲҪ̫Զ
ջǸ΢ɶ΢ܸߵģû뵽Էֻǵϵһ׾͡ˡ
˵ͷˣǰҲûôɹոֿʼ̨˳ЦˣҲֲһ˥ˣ΢һ˥ǲŽйˡ
뵽ʶɨһ΢۾ɴһţȻʧˡ
Աλŵص߿飬ҲΪ֣˳ŶԷĿ⿴ȥλص߾ȻҲĿɿڴ
λصʧ̬Ȼ˲˵Ĺעȵǿȥʱ򣬶ǵһʧǡ΢Ȼ׷ȥˡ
һ㶣Ҳȥ۾𡣴˿΢ȻѾǳǰһˣȻ̶ʱǵǧס
ô£ôô죿
ܣǧôҲ죬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ȥˣ
΢Ȼϵǧף˶ˡ
Ǹղ˭ע΢ôȥģ
ûаոն濴أûע⵽ôȥģ
̨µô˵ҲϰˣҲм˿΢Ķ⼸ǵԭί
ôȥģڵٶȡ
ڵٶȣ
һ΢˿ѹܰߵģܣٶȻ죬ǧԵ˵ѹͺܴˣ΢Ȼǧ׵ʱûһܡ
ܵϷ̨
˭£


ڰ˰٩ ȫ
΢ٶȲ˿ѾϵǧףֳһȫˡǸ˴˿Ѿǽƣÿһ·һʹ࣬΢Ȼ赭дĳ֮˾Ȼֱ̱ڵϣҲһ
ǵһģҲһ֮һˣڽӽǧ׵ĵط΢ּ̬ķʽ׷־գͬ˼Ѫһ͵ϣȻǲ΢׷
Цô΢׷ϳԺʲôˡ
ǿʵҲǲУôƴôҲ޷΢ľ룬Ƭ֮ͱһ·΢׷ϣ΢Ȼһ۶ûС
ǳӡ
ȫ֮ǰЦ΢˿ֻоѵһ˲䣬е·𶼱ߣ̱ͬڵϣҲʹֹˡ
΢˾ڶҲһ
вΪԼˣһʼ΢һ·ȥΪԷõǳ徢һ͵ſ£һܵǿķɡ
ڣǵ뷨ˡ
΢ó徢ֻ࣬ûзܶ˵ǹ̨̨֪ϵѹжÿһС߿һ㶼ѣ˵ˡ
΢ôģ
˭
˹ˣѵԲ̨ܷ
뵽һ㣬ǿλصߣǼλصͬǱĿɿڴһ֪ʲôǵ̨˭һͬʡ
һ仰˵Ĳ²⡣
˵̨˭ͬѹ΢ɵȥȴʵǷ˼
ɴ˿֮̾󣬱ǿϲаŶԣŶԣֲλע΢Ӧ֪΢򵥣Щνʲô㣬ֻеһ̨ȻԷڣǸѾ˾ǧ˰ٶףǸϲˡ
ԶɫҲǼΪ㵣Ǹ΢һˣȻڶ̶ʱ֮ڳǧף˵ǰ޹ˡ
ҪʺۣҲԶԶȲ΢
ǿ˿λã΢˿붥ҲֻвһٶˣǸ΢ϵǧ׵ʱ򣬻֮ܵǰֹԲܼȥһӦ׷ϲ档
ֻҪܵһȥľ־ǻӮ
Ȼô룬ﻹЩĵģϾһһ
۾Ҳǽ棬һʱ֮Ǹ΢ȻѾǸһݡ
˿ǵ˰ǧٽңʱϵѾǲˣ˿̶ҲĽŲ
ͷһǾޱȡ
˿΢ȷûܼܣϵǧ׺ѹܱģ΢Ҳûܡ
ߵٶҲԳˣһݴʱ΢Ȼͣһһ񣬺Ҳͣ»
һȻһʱһһʱȫȴǵˣ΢ʱܿ
΢Цϴˣҷ֮ȥһЩ飬϶᷵ضɳ֮ǰͷ㽫ҵȥˣǵԼǸϲȥˣʱҽһöɷ͵ţ΢Ȼм
˵꣬ݸһöɷ
߽ӹ֮΢ϲУٶȣȻ֮ǰҪһЩƬ֮䣬˾Ѿ΢Ӱ
΢֣Ȼһʱ̾һݾ֮ҲǹЦһܳôһλţһβҲֵˡ
ûܾ΢ԺϣԽ棬˶ڿţΪ΢һһٵϽݣӽ档
ǰʱ֮΢ѾԿıӰ
֮⣬ҲͬԿ̨̨
붥ˣֻʮס
˵ǽߣƫƫһ·ѵġȻ֪΢׷ϣнޱȣηʮþȣȻøκˣҲǼӿٶȡ
Ȼ΢һңٶȸ
־ŭ֮£ֻ˲ʮף΢ֻʣʮס
׷ˡ
̨ڶ˺ص߾ôĿ΢ڼʱǰտʼȷ̨ȻΪԲܰ쵽顣
Ȼ΢ûг棬ʱ򼴱ӣҲһƬ
Ƚã޷΢ᲢۣʱǰӶɿԻʤȣȴǱ˭ȥ
ûзֳʤȻ뷨΢ڶ̶ʱﴴ漣
ӣҲһԣΪĶ⼸ʮ̨ףûҷ˵š
һ
΢ϣϾҪ棬֮ľ룬ֻʣ̨ס


ڰ˰٩ յǶ˾
ʱͻȻһĵ˾Ȼʼѿ꼸˾Ȼбļ
˱飬ǿǷͬСɣŪãԷⱲӶ޷ٴηӴֹɾ硣
΢û棬̤Ѿǳ档
һ̣ǧ궼ƶ˿̾ȻΪصҲˣŵһ³ȴɥʧ⡣
˱ѣ֪治ıԽҪͻƽ޼ӿٶȣ㣬˱ѡ
һǳʧܣ̫ļһηĻᣬԺǰ;Ҳȫˡ
ȫʧһλš
ͬʱȴǼ֤һһλŵ
뵽Լ֮ǰļƻƣƶľ֣Ϊʮþȣû뵽ͷˮһգǺεȵķ̡
ӲܣȲʤȯû΢ôģֻǿ΢󼸸̨ףȻһϵ̨ϡ
ϵ̨ϵ˲䣬һѹһеȫʧ΢Ǹо̫ࡣһһԲεƽ̨ʯϵŷӵģ飬γԲ״
վ̨ϣ΢֪ԼҪʲôһ̣վλãԼĵ⡣
ͬΨһ
´ô֣ͬһﲻͬ˿ⲻͬҲˡΪÿһϵĵͬ޵ͬһִԲŻз֮˵
ǽϿɣеһ
ǵϾĵǴ֮һλд֮סϾļλӣģȻһɾȫɾ
λĵһһһȫ֮֮Ҳλд֮У˲֪˲
У̫һȣⶼϹŴ󣬱ϿɵĴ
ɣʿ˵֮󣬵ĵλԽߣ֮λ˵ĳɾҲͻԽߡ
Ȼ֮統Ѿĵ;Ͼ˷һһظ;УܳƵǴģֻô
Ҳֵȼ
ߣ棬Ϊϣ֮£ΪСС֮£Ϊ֦ĩ
ν֦ĩ
Ե֦ĩ
˷ųɾŶᱻĩ֮УпԽ֦ģԵٵĿģһһǿߡ
СǾͲһܽˣ
ڷ̨⣬жǷɹὫ֦֮ĩУ˲Ƿɹʧܡ
Ҳ˵΢ڻǰٷְܷӺɵĶľҲ䶨ˣһء
һܹܲˣʤؼ
΢˿̿ʼĵ⣬֮磬ǽҲǽ˵ġ
ֻƬ̣˾Ѿ¶֮̾ɫ΢Դ⣬ѾǸ߳һΡ
ǼλصߣҲǷӦ΢֮ǰûżǷ̨ǰ⣬Ȼĵ⣬˿̿΢̨Ͻλص߾ȻҲԡ
һǽ⣬ڶǽǽ⡣
΢ϲȵ꣬ѾóϷеĸǵͷ˼
ȴ΢ĵ˽ͬҲΪ΢Ϊˣ࣬ۼİ֮׹𺣡˵ζӳ£ȫУһԵ⣬Ȼǲͬڳˡ
΢ϵʱѡ׵һħʦȴΪʦ뷨΢һЩ뷨ıϡ
˿̽⣬Ȼհĳһֳɵĵ;΢Լʹ졣
ûֱ£ǲܷģֻհСĵ⣬ֱӻὫɨ·̨
΢ڵǷ̨ĵһҲ뷨Բ˻ȥϸʱ䣬ڼ̼λصߣǽѾƵĵ
΢ѭ΢㣬񷣬
΢֮ǰҪĵǻֻʱ΢ıע⣬
Ѿʮƣʱ䣬΢˵ȫĵ
˵֮΢̧ͷ죬ȴС
ڶҲǱ΢ĵ壬ȻҲ֮Աǣмһˣɷϣ΢ĵ޿ޡ
һ̣֮֮ϣһ£̨֡
ڰ·һݵˣһĻ˶֪΢Ƿɹˡ
֮ϣһ֮ŮԶԣΪԵ֮һԵھλ΢ɾ֮


ڰ˰һʮ Ըķ
̨⵱У΢оһ֮ǿޱȵ£Լĵ˵С
һ̣΢֮Ѿǹâ䡣
ȵɢȥ΢̸оǻһһ
ָоԣ֮ǰһֱۣŶ䣬شǧļͻȻһȫƿһ
ǿüŵģء
˾磬΢ֻ״̬ǻع鱾壬ָоԡ
˺ɣһȼĴڡ˵ʵ΢Ҫ̻ȥԼɾͷ֮󾿾ж
У΢Ҫ̶İӣɢˣ΢һŹ
ڴ֮ǰ΢Ҫ
½һ΢ѾǶ÷̨ͨµ̨¡Щ˼΢ɫ죬емӣеɸ߰м
ֻ֮ǰ΢̩Ȼ֮˿̸˵ƽˮ
֮΢Ȼǳżλصߵл΢ҲǺϵĵл֮ǰĽ΢ʣ΢ҲδܷԵһ
֮еˣȻ˸ոҲ֪΢λԵھš
ǼΪֲˡ
Ҫ֪˵УųɾֻܱĩΪߣǿģ֦Եģǽĳɾ;˵Եھš
ʲô˼
Ե;У΢ھš
ǰֻа˸ͰλˣϣǾС֪֮΢һ·жôǼΪصߣҲδܼ΢ĳɾ͡
ԵھţԲĵ˵ʱǰʯͷԼĽţһӮһҲûʲô鷳Ķľ֡
֮ǰɵԼ֮Ҫصģۿ൱ĴҲ˵ǧ֮뿪֮ˣȴǿ뿪һɳ
һҲһǿļ
ȫһĹϵһشʧ
˵ȫżһǿٶȣѵĵˣӣǷˣȻԱɵΪ䣬ǽҲǲٽˣһܸ˵
ֻҪˣҲУΪǴ֮磬˵ĻԼ֮ԼģʽĶԼԾԸ⣬ҲֻԸķ䡣
ʱȴǰ΢ļ򣬺ãһоȻܳţʵ¡˷Ҳĸҿǰضɳˡ
΢ЦЦһô죬ڰֻڵǶһǿ׵֡
֮ǰ΢ͷƺԼ̨ĸѹΪˣſôȥ
ȫǱߵļȻǲﶪۣһһ仰ԣֱӾߣֻһ΢ͷŸһ뿪
΢ҲܿһȻ˲ԷԼĵ;ͬνͬΪıɵģΪ˾Ͳˡ
ִˣϲˡʱҲ߹ϲǰ΢ֻЩ˽⣬û뵽һ΢ȻԷɹǷɹȻλԵھš
֪ģвˣǵЩɵɵȵȶֻĩ֮УԵûȣ˵Եھš
һɳеˣܳ΢Ҳָ
ڣǽ΢˱ߵĴˣ˵λ˵Ϊ΢ѾǷˣȻҲ
ϴȹ̣һαȻԷɹ΢Ҳ˵һ䣬ν̧ݹλҪߣһǺбҪģΪҲ΢ָԷæܰڼӡ
Ǿͽִ˼ˣŶԺ󣬵ýˡЦ΢ҲԼ޳ɷˣعɳ֮󣬹λ̻Ʒɳأ˾ˣͶƷ˹Ҳԭġ
Ǿͷϴ˰ҴŻȥ΢˼룬¸ݻһɷ
һɷԺ֮ǰûӱȣ΢˾дɷҲǱǰǿ̫ࡣ
֮ݸȥ΢ҲǺɴкԷ뿪΢뿪硣
뿪磬˻ֱӷر塣̺ܿ죬գ۾ͻˣƬ֮΢ĵѾǻع鱾塣
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ǶѨУǳһֳǿϢϢ΢֮ǰɾʱǿ̫̫ࡣ
΢죬۾΢죬˿΢ͻȻϢЦ
˳ˣͽܳˡ
΢ʱ˿ۣǰۣ΢û˿ʤģ˾統Ҳٮٮߣ񹦣Ǳ̬ԸӣֻŶ̤˶쾳
ڣ΢У۵ΪҲˣȻδӮԷ΢ҪɱۣԿ
ˣ٣΢ɱ١


ڰ˰һʮһ ȥɱ
ģͽˣ¸˰ɡʵ
ߡ΢˵ͷѾ޳ɷˣȻҪ飬Ҳսˡ
ɶȥһ䡣
΢Цſһۣɱˣ
ߵ֮ǰ΢ǵɸǰһûⶴѨ΢ҲеطⶴѨﶼ΢ʱȡãлһĹӦõġ
⣬΢ܸоԼ׵ֱȻطйϵֻ΢ڶûŪĪΪ֮ˣԲŻͨ
ݹĹɸ΢뿪ˡͷȻ΢׵֣˿ѾȫֻۣϻʯҲ԰Ȼ
˴ͷĶϣһ·ɻص֮ǰǸ
ʱ΢ԭصоȻѾǿտҲʮɶûأǻ汻ȡһ
΢ʱҲǼΪ죬صеĻɲ򵥣ʲôȫȡߣ
Ҵ˿ĹǺ˿ȥ磿
أǻɢ΢Ȼܾôˣ˿ʩչͨʯأһĹ
΢ҧָĹ֮д£֮Ĺ΢⼸֡
д֮΢ڱǰվãʱҲղԣûжԶ
Ҳ΢ĿǰΨһģȻһҪǾǱ𣬽µ˾ɱ
΢۷ɳĹһɨΪ֪ΪĹգ֮ǰ̶ɢѾ뿪ˡ
ûϵЩںδ΢ȥһһնɱ
Ҫȥɱˣ˷ܣ֪Ҫ֮ǰǱƵļΪǱļˣԾԾԡ
ããսҪѶȿ֪΢ҲǷ˵Ϊս磬֮ǰľ˵֮
һҲûϵǾʮ죬ʮҲһꡣ
վҪҵģɢȥǾ޶εǰӵȴһ̶ľݵ㡣
еطҵ
սߵģ˾֣ͬ󺣣ʱҲҪϢһ
սĳСͷϣһɻ
ɻսеİ쾨ƶɵȼģһһ˶ߵ͵˵ȼǧ겻ٴһ㣬ȼ겻
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˿̣СͷϣѾм˾Χһһ˶ߵĻΧϵ֮ɢڵպ
һˣǴҴҹͣҲĽύͬ˿ǼˣҲǸԵ飬ȵϢˣͻ𣬶ռ·
Ц˿ɻԣŪһͷƵǴַ̣׵õķͷǵУԽа飬ɱʱɹأ׵ʿϲľŪа飬ʩչ䣬˵ǼΪаŵһˡ
ϵ⼸ˣҲʶЦԶһ㣬˭֪׵˲ǣԶһܶԶ֮ģ
Ц˿̵ȷЦ׵оⷨոƶɣа鲻࣬Դһѡһù͵͵䣬ȻɱȡƳаʱԼΪȻ
Ϊ֮һЦĺܲã£ס硢סϡ飬׼ұͷѽΣǧʱ䣬׼δѣռ嵱жλ䣬׼Ѿʵļѹ˹ȥΪ׼ҵܲ
ЦԷ⡮Ϊ֮󣬱ս磬ҪΪ뷽跨ɱˣƳа鹩ʹɱУЦģгһտ׼еĵλ
ֻϧЦһ㣬ġı롮ĩУǧλ⣬Ҳ˵ڡĩУǰҲǧ˵ĵҪǿ
˿ЦѡһĿ꣬ǸŴӣüĴƳһö۵ˣԷǿɱˣƳа飬ȻԼǿΪʵ
Ҫ֪µˣǿԽа뱾壬аսԣаԽǿҲԽ
ʱͷӰһ̣˾֮ϡ
ڳ˶Ǽֲ֣Ҳֻɨȥһۣͼһ˺һļΪߴ󣬻ħȥЩ˹


ڰ˰һʮ Ը·
ЦԭѾҪԸĿ꣬ǿ˾ֹ֮ϸһ̸ۣıĿꡣ
ʣĸҪԼ֮ǰѡҪ
ϵģЦµ׵ˣһ׿˷ţ­ǵна֮һиӦǿͨ
˿˽٣ЦѾͨǸƽа飬֪˵֮ǰԶոԼѡǸˡ
иõģȻѡõġ
Ц֪λһҲͬ
λˣȻ΢ۣս죬ôһ
ϵĻǹ˵ڱ̹ǵս죬ȷԸоǴ̹ǵĺ䡣ֺⲻֵͨܵģ̾ͿԽ˶߶˵ļһֿĺ⡣
壬ʱ䳤˿϶ëȻǺ¡һ΢һ۾ע⵽ЦΪԷһ׵˵Ĵ磬۴Ϣķ̶ǰ˺ơ
΢עⶼܡ
Ҳϵִ磬ɱǷӣʲôʲôһЦĴ磬ȥץԷ
Цô䣬˿̿ԷȻͶ֣ҲһҪ֪ս磬δʶ£֮ǲͻģ㶯֣Ҳվǻỻط
һƣȻ֮ǰʲôԹԳȥվ֣ǱȻϢǻ˹ء
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ԭҲЩŭһƣ֪ԷǣȻҲҷ
ˣ˵Ǽ͵ϮүүҵӶĶȥˣ˵㲻֪Ƕһ磬һһģϽ˵һ·ŭ֮ǰǱ̶ǼָˣǱһ´ضУͱŻ𣬴˿̼Ͱӵһ׵ˣͷѾʮּ򵥵϶һģԲų֡
΢Ҳûֹոĸ׵˹۲Լۣоûʲô⣬ң΢䵽վϢ̽
׵˴ЦɾõĿꡣ
Ǳʣ΢Ҳûţһ⼸ˣЦ߹ȥֵλѣˣ֪λû˵ɢˣ
Ǽ˵һɢֺɫ΢䣬΢Ĳ׽һ˲䵽ǰλѣ֪֪ɢ˵䡣
΢Ȼûǰףͱˣ΢֮£м˾Ȼһ֮⣬ŵȥǸ΢ŵˣѹҲֻܵ˵ɢˣڡäۡԦһλˣ
΢һȻţµǣѸ֪
ĸʲôöǣΪһ䣬΢һЦѰǻ
ԷǸ˵һ㶣ϲԭҪѰĸһĻã̫ˣ֪õѯʣҶ޲
ԭ֮ǰɢ׷ɱòӹһ٣ϻıȴǶ˸ɾ˵ɢʹ
ǰ˵ǧħ룬Щˣ˲ٳңҪʽǧħ룬Ըһϴִᣬ˵˭гԹǽϴ֮֮ǰͲᡣ˭ֻ֪ӣĿǲ˼Ѱ𣬸ǵ¿ɽǶĵˣҪϴֽ֮ǰ˽µĳԹһʻαǴȥˣǰҪôˣŶûС˵ⷬʱҧгݣȻɢ˵ĳԹ
ǧħ룿΢治֪ʲôطս֪̫٣ӣӦһȽϴĸŶԡ
һ֪΢ûȥµԸΪ·ѰǵĻͬС
΢Ȼ⣬ãʶȥǧħ·˴·Ȼʡȥ鷳һʣ΢֪˽½У˳ˣ̫һʱ⡮̫һĩ
һѯʣ֪½кɢ˵ȷдģҲС£½һʦܣʦܵ׵ܵܿսҲаʱ䣬֮ǰɢˣʦܲɢ֮һ֣֮Ƕɢ˺֮ǡ


ڰ˰һʮ ϴ
½˵ɢҪϴ֣ԺҪǧħ룬յĳҶȥгԹȻϴ֮ͲѰ𣬲Ȼǧħȥ
Ϊˣ½вžϹȥôʦܵĳһҪġ
΢ҪѰǻȻ·
ӦҲԵ֣΢ûоܾ۶Ϥ½΢ͨûпʵҲû˵ѣԻֵεġ
һߣ۶Ǹ׵֣ȻʳһЩõĶ˵ʵΪӵ˵Եʣ΢ûһӡ̶ˣ˵ġ
׵˵̶֪Ҳ֪ӣһ֤ԼͶԷûκιϵ
λһգ׼Һǰ׼ͲԸǸӣޱȣǶλҪѰĻЦԸλһ֮Ц˵ⷬʱҲǴġ
ոǸߴ˿ֶã鼱֮Ҫų­Ƿеа飬аȻǱǸߴϵħ壬Ȼǲҳ
ЦףԼͶԷĲ϶Ǽ󣬲Ȼа鲻ս
Լа鶼֪Ƕ֣ӲҲû˵ѣ׼ҺͰ׼ҵȷгԹ׼ҵһλ֣ڰ׼ҵһ˵С
ʱһԵ½Ҳѣ˵ûһƬҲ˵յᣬ׼ҺͰ׼ҵȷԸ̶λþ˵ΪأΧ׵ɱգҪȥ̶ٲҪ·
ǼǼЦҲύλѣѰӵĻһȫԼ˵ЦҲǼæ˵
΢һЦͷϢȻֱʵ̶˴жԶ
Ц΢һۿͷƤ飬æǧħҪԶһЩԼĪҲǰ·̡
΢΢һ룬½еǾͷ½ѣȴȥǧħ롣
̶ǰӵ˵ϳһ㲻ŲѣɢǹƨϴִٹվͿʼˣҶԷǰгԹ˶ȥһ΢ȻҪȥ
΢ȥǧħ룬ңǧħ·ҲֻգԶ̶Ҫ˺ܶࡣ
˵߾ߣ˷Ǹǧħ롣
·ȻҪ̫࣬·ϵʱ½ǽǧħһһĴĸҲЩǰ㡣ΪǧħǸеġһ꣬ҲǸһ鸡·Ъŵкܶ࣬ö֮ͳһһĵط֮Խǧħ룬˵кһλħ˾ڴġǧħԵλħҲǳɾͷǷǧħҲŷԵǧħħˡ
ͬʱǧħ뵱Уɢӹ൱ĵ⡣һƬս˵˲ŭԹ飬ɱ˶ᱦԵ˵̫࣬һҲԽԽࡣ
ĸһ飬֪ôȥҪϾ̫࣬ҪȥĹҪһΪǼɵ򡣸պԦһ޸ǧħҵС檣һϼƣ῿ǧħ룬ǧħҲɵ֪ɢҪǵЩңɢԼƨɲɾɢ˲ôһӣǾǽϴ֡
һǷųϢкɢгԹĶôɢǴ̣ƼЩҲԲǧħ£һߣ֮ǰĶԹǾһʹԺҲ鷳֮⣬˸ǰĳңھǿǧħ룬ǲ鷳ûӵģϴ֮󣬾ͲȻǾǻ˹ء
˵ĸ˶ƺˣЩɱɱ˱˻ԵҲ̵ٺôҲʱҸطúһǧħɾõѡ
磬׼׵ˣսϴֵȥЩһû鷳ˣҲͣˡһ˺ٺЦţǰ˵
ߵͷҲȨ֮ƣ⼸ĳ̫࣬ǵһյ֮ǰСĽ
ʲôǧħ룬Ƕ˵ˣմʱЩǹܲţˣ˭££һһ¹˭һһмɱ飬ˣȻԴޱȡ
Ҳǣʣأ
һһ͵͵һȻСȥǸСɧȥˡ


ڰ˰һʮ ޱ
ʲôһһջ𣺡ˣⶼʲôʱˣǸþҪ޸ˣô㣬һö֪
ģֲǵһ͵ĻᣬҲûʲô£˵Сɧӵȷʡ͵ĵƣ˵ҵ硣
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ǧħһյϣ˿Ѿ˾ֽ٣ЩֵһЩŭǱޱȣЩɢгԹġ
ɢ˽ϴ֣ǹ⽫ϢųȥҪֵ˾֪˭ǧħ룬͵ðǧħĹ¡
յ̨ϣڷһľܣһ裬ʢˮ
Χ˵УҲȫɢЩµĳУҲһΪվ̨ĺѣЩһɷһͲʲôö
յΧվżǧħ뵱е˾ָά䲻࣬ȴһ塣
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ĸһǵޱȣԼҳиЩɢг˶ɱڣ޲ǰնɱ
ɢȴǲΪ⡣
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ȻǺ޼ɢˣγһ͹ȥ
˸Ҫ֣һ˾˶һһʱɫ䣬˶ƼǿƬ̣˾ͱһһȭؿڣˤȥʮɣڵϻһۡ
˻һѪɢһλ˾֣ȻǾʹ䡣
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˿ײУȷǽסˣɢЦҪЧ
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û˳ңƨȻҲͲɾˣϾҲֻ˲ŲѰ
Χ׼ɢѰЩ˴˿ҲӦ˵ɢ˽ϴǼ٣в棬ǾȻͶ
޳ܡһǰҲһλˣΪ˾вߣ˿ȡһѿĸɻǵҶǱǶȡΪͨգұҪΪҶ𡣡
Ǳɢ֮һä¶һЦжһ䵶Ĺ⣬ϼһȻôӣȥһ̡
˵꣬䵶ɰǧնɱ߼æг赲ȻΪ̫ԱȲäˣ䵶̫һͿնǧâһѷĺɱȥһ˶ԵֵƬʱ䣬˾ͱäն⽴
ˣһһˣǾûˡäЦʱΧǰѰŭɶɢΪޱȣӸǴ㽫һ򾡵ġ
ûԦҲЦôˣǱߵĳˣ˯£ˣӦǺǲŶԣұ𣿻Ǳߵ֣ûǴʮǰ㱻նһֱۣǺ޲ýǧУô
һȺѵѰ𣬼ֱЦӽ͵Ѱ˭˭ӣгǾ˭ˣ˭б¡һҲǵ
ʱͻȻһһ˵ĲӴΪٶ̫죬˿ûзӦ˿ˣֳǰ
ٿһˣɴ۾˵ʲôһ̣ԴǱѪһѪһ㡣
ոǽٶ̫죬㿴ҲӦʱˡԦ˺ä˲ŷӦ


ڰ˰һʮ г𱨳
ģ
ˣˣ걻˲ɱ
˭ɱĵܣĲ㡣
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²֮ǰļӿͷţǰ˴˿̷Ѿ޳ɷˡ
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ΧɢгԹҲӦкãеǰʩԮ֣ǶǺɢдģ޲ýǴҡ
ǧħļ˴˿ҲɵˣǱǸάģô˵ɢҪǧħ룬ǶһȢɢһ˵ĸõС檣ô˵ҲԼˡ
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⼸Ҳ֪ǰλ˲򵥣ɢҲǧħˣװŵӵλˣǧħ룬顣
ﵱдв֮⡣
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΢ڣǼǧħ˻治ʱǱѾЩֵסԦ˲ҽеȥ÷
ǼǧħһҲǷӦæɳȥš
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ɢЩȻǽ˷ޱȣʣ˺ԦŵĻɢ֮ǰΪ֪ЩҲǵĶ֣˿֪̾ôȥҲ
ʱԶӰ˻δһܻĽȣĶҶҼλɱ֡
Żһʮֱ¶ȴɫޱߵŮӳ֣߰ǧħˣһϢеҲɷʮ㡣
Ԧһ·һ㣬´ãˣٲҾͱ˴ˣҡ
Ԧ˴˿ҵģŮ۵Բɫˣ˰ȥæĵļֶɱˣǶ۸ǧħͷˣסһ׼Źȫɱˡ
ŮģҲȻĳڳѰ˴˿Ҳʮ˵Ҫ˶ɱ⣬ȴζ
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˿̣½Сǧħ˲ǣִӻɢˣҪɱǾˡ
Ȼۻ΢֮ˣοµ𺣣ɢҲѲϵ΢ôܷŹǡ
˵ǧħԤˣ΢Ҳӡ
ɱԲ


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˿̼ǰ˸ǧħҪ֣΢ȡаľɽһڵϻһۣ֮ǰһصһֻһν۸
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΢˵͸ŨŨɱȻһ֮˸ǧħ˸סˡ
ʱһҽУԦһֱ۱ն£۵ȥŮһ۵ԸӣǿʼãŰ˸ǧħ˺ǻϣɱǣǼֵǮļûʲôµģٲϣҸ߶ңǵ
ǰ˸ǧħ˱һøһŮ˽Ȼŭͬʱɢƽ̫࣬˼Ѱ˿̲Ƕ־Ҫǧħ֣ƾʲô
ҲҶ˵ϾŮǶɵС檣Ȼ΢ǵҲ̫Ǹ֣ԽǸ֣Խ֪΢Ҳ׶֣һǧħҪ鷳Ǿ͵òʧˡ
Ȼ֮󣬶ˣ˾統еĵȼҲǷ˺֣ܶԼֻ˾µˮ׼ǰλ˾統еĶڡ
ϣʤ㲻ɡ
ǲǰ
ʱŮҲǼˣֳ΢˵Ի
ʲôҲĻͬס֣̣㣬һһһ˶뿪ǧħĶҷһȫɱ⣬ǵԴһһһĸơ
ʱм˾£һ˻ħ죬źħǵĳۣͷյħ棬ȻҲ˾磬ʣ˾۷ڡ
λħޣҲ˵һʵǿħ
ȻħҲż˾֣΢ΨһֹǵҲһħ
ңǧħ˼ħæ񣬶Ǹ֮ǰõŮӼˣҲһ֮ǰģһεε̬ǰãһĵĶǧħҰѾɱλ磬Ԧ
˵ţȻǿ޿䣬
ħ˵ͷŭô󵨣ǧħҰң
˵ſ΢΢Ȼ壬Ҫ˭ҲţħʶȤòҪ֣΢Էһɱ
Էˣ΢ΪڷʱѾվ˾Ķˣ΢ϵʱɾ缸ǵһˣ˿ˣ˾Ҳˡ
һ쾳ħ΢Щɵ˾磬΢£˵𳬼֣μȻѰ΢ûСС֣֮ɢҪɱ˭һ
ڵ΢ʸͿ
ǼңҶĵܶһ˿̶һֱ۵Ԧ˼ǧħˣǼغԼɢȻҲˣ˼Ҷұǲ̫Զ֣δڶʮϢ
˿ǷӺǸСޱȣֻжҲпܶԸˡ
ԦǱ߽к߶Һǲͷ죬𣿡
ɢˣҲһϣȴΪɢΪΪ㣬ӲΪһӬͷСɱԽɱħҲʮֲݡȢСԦ˵ĸãùɢ˵¡
һ䣬Ԧ˻治Ҷ죬ǧħ˵һĴڣʹ󵱼ֵܣֵܶȫƿǧħ룬ƹϰ˺ͨʿɱȨ
˿̶Ҷ΢Ҳ΢һ㣬ֿһһѾԦ˱Ƶĺ޻֮һۡһۿȥɫ䣬𾪣ǿϲǿ첽߹ȥ·ҴһӾͽһĸ˦һߣֱܵ
͵ۺεΪǷˣΪתҲǸ֪ˣ֪ˣͷһȭ
ĶҼæ̧۸񵲣ͬʱ۴磬Ī֣ң찡
۴һɣüͷһ壬˵죬벻ĸôֵ֪ģ
Ҵ󾪣¿һۣæ۴磬㡭ôˣѵֵҶϲˣǵһ㣬ҺҸսˣЩǶ㣬Ϊ˱
̲ͷϵòϵãӿ죬ϽҶһȥɱˡ


ڰ˰һʮ ôɵ
ɫŹ֣ǿ治ϵǵ۴ҪɱˣҵȻǵ۴һ֮˭ҵ۴磬Ҿɱ
һһЦ˵ȤòţɱˣͽܶðæҰ¾Уһȥʲô£ͽȥ
֮ǶҾȻ˿һֱ΢߹ȥ
ҲɵпͽܵģҲֻˡ
ҳ֮΢ΪҪսһ֮ҲǾò˼顣ҿӾȻʶۣһǹϵõӡ
΢һ̣֪Ȥˡ
Ԧ˵˴˿ǳ׵ɵˣΪˣǳȥͽǷӴ磬Դ޶Ҳ֪鷳ˡ
ԼΪ˿ɽȴǵ˵ֵܣ֪ж¡
ʱҵ΢ǰһСֵܣ۴ͽܣ
΢ͷǶЦˣλСֵܣҺʦǰݰֵܣң۴ôˣ
óҲˣۺܹģ΢룬㽫֮ǰɢΧ۵Ȼ΢ҲǱؾᣬʵ֮ԷΪʬ֣ԼĵĿȫǵתħű񹦣ԲŻˡ΢Ǳɢ˼̶Χˣŷġ
ʱ΢Ȼ֪ô˵
ǶһͻˣĻ΢ܿԷеѪ˿
ĶҺǲŪɢˣԼ˶ԼλһħӿŵΧ˶ǺʱǱǿֵ۵Ԧ˺˶Ǻëޱȡ
⡭⡭˶µ˵ôڶûŪԦ˸ǻˣҺʶн飬Ҫӳͷˡ
ʵ֮ǰĹҲȷΧۣʵ˵ͷˣǿûһϵ
ֻϧǸûл˵
ͬͻʳһ㣬ֱ˹ȥͬʱΧ۴磬Ҵ񲣬ŪǶģҳ꣬У
һץɫ䣬ָǬֱץˣҲ˾֣˿̾ȻԵֵһУһָץסԴ
һ̣֮ϺƣȻҽжķѣѪ֮ꡣ
˵Ҳ̱ҳ¶ޱȵı飬Ȼ󱻶뵽һС
רĥģ˵Ǵޱȣֶĥ꣬˵ǵǻܾѣ
Եֶο˵ǲбҲ϶ħ޵ݡҳ־˵Ȼ꣬ò˶ĿɿڴԦˣ˿̶Ҫˡ
ʱ򿴵Զͬɴ۾ŵһ仰˵ĸãƺץסһһ㣬ȣããȾң鰡ʱֻܾҡ
Ǳ߸ոջõŮӴ˿ҲӦǺһɲˣˣӣոնҶǸ˵̬ȫģֱȶԴ󵱼ҵ̬ȻҪ׽ȻǷ˺ͶҹϵԲһ㡣
ʹӶұŭ֮һץ˾ͿԿԼ飬ǲ
ԼʲôֻһС檶ѣҳ܇Nɪһ£ǲ裬һƨ
ԣԦȣҲҹܣֻû
˰֮ǰΧӵʱͦôôˣ۴˿̵϶һֱ۵Ԧˣ˵ǺֱһžͽԷһȸϵ
ͨһԦ˵ڵأŵĻɢ֪ԼǻˣҲԹް˿̣޵ȴǸá
Ҫ֪ǶʵһȵģƽŮԼ³л׸ڵĽУԼǣߴţôܱǧħɳС檣˹ؼʱ̣벻ܲˣŶûС
Ԧ˲ЦһðãҲ̫ˣ㻹ˮ֮㷭ˣȻˣǾݹˡңСʵһӣӽֻΪҿɽͰˣ㣬ɱ
㡭˵ŮҲǴʧɫ¾ҪǰɱԦˣȻ˵ȥָ˵ʲôء


ڰ˰һʮ 
һȥŮ˸ڰ·ͱһƴ˻ȥҺεΪһȥŮ˻ͱɢһ㣬˷ˡ
ˣ˸Ҹϳǧħ룬ҿɱۣȻɱһŮˣŮֻǶԷƭǱ³
ΪϳȥҪ˶þ͵棬֮Ů˵³á
˸ǲҽŮ뿪ˡ
˿ԦѾǼˣ޻֮ڵϾ⿴ۣʱ΢˹Ԧ뵽ʲôæǰӽŮ˴أ޹ذһҡ
û˵꣬΢һնѾǽԦԴնͬʱһץԷ곶Ŷҵңһá
ҹһЦȡɢѪζ΢·޼еҵĽÿζһΣͿĲҽС
𣬸һʹ죬ҷԦ˵
΢Ԧ˵ģǱ߶ҴһοĿھ΢ȻԦ˵궪С
ˣԦ˺˱ֻܱУܾĥǶ˵һֳͷǶˣ֮ǰ΢һ˺ä˾Ҫˡ
ʹ죡۴˿̵ΧЩɢгԹһɢ˱ɱɱ̵̣Ҳ֪ñͬʱҲ֪˴˾ǳ΢лȻȥ
ʱҴһʲô
һȳ⣬ɫĿ࣬Ѿ΢֪۴˿̷񲣬ǰ鶼ǲҲȻʧɢϰϣ˷ؾ۵ȻǼޱȣѾ񲣬ɽ۵ɴ磬ȻһЩֻܺ΢˵۾΢ġ
Сֵܣ۴ͽܣǾԼˣһȥҴ磬Ҵ֪۴ˣָ˳ʲôأ˵ʱдһˬЦһ˵ңˣ۴磬㻹ǵ񣿡
һ˾֣λ˾ֺͶҳʮ񣬶˸Բͬףͬ˫̥һ
ȻλǧħĴ󵱼ңͨźԶϳۣ˫֮ؾͰݡ
۴硣
һԶҲһ£΢֪ۺͺǽֵܣ˹ϵĪ棬ǲֹһξȹǶ˵ѣʹʧɢǶֵܶأʮ꣬Ϊǧħ룬ǧħһħͷ£ʮ󣬴ӶԷнӹǧħ룬ǧħĴ󵱼ҺͶҡ
෴ȴǺ͹ȼɽѵ̩ɽʬУϰֱ꣬΢У˺顣
˵ֵܵȷǺ΢תħű񹦣ڷ״ֻ̬Եɺϵת񹦵ĻڶδǺֵܵĶ֡
ת񹦵ȷ£ŵҲԲ򲻳񹦣Ҳֻɺ֮£۵ķ֮²ܳ֡
һת񹦵΢񹦵֮
ϧۻǲʶͼǲúֵܣǶ˺עص⣬ǽ΢ǧħĹУֲƼȣ΢ˡ
½кЦҲ˸
½лã֮ǰǶԸɢ˵ʱûж˵ʲôΪ֪ƾԼܱ𣬶ɢ˷ȡȻΪҲǱ˳
½ԸˣȻҲǸм΢ЦǱ΢˿ֲʵסˡ
ɢҲ˵ɢκһǶʤ㣬˵ɢֹ
ôɢˣȴ΢ﳹʵѲġ
û뵽΢۾ȻǧħĹϵôãԴѾţܽᣬ׼ҵ۷硣
̶İҪģ׼ҵˣҵλͣܳӣ̶׼ұȻʵ׼ֻкô
ڶЩȲȥ̶ˡ
ԭɢ˹̶ǰΧ۴磬ֲãʮʮ˾ΧһˣòҪֵܴ˿ùǺ΢ʱʦУպһ𱻴䵽Ĺ֮ҲǻԵɺϣˣһѰɢ˵Ļ


ڰ˰һʮ Ϣ
ĸɱĺã˵꣬ҲҪúĥҪܡʱ˵
ģרžǶԸ˵ģƽһλͻоһʹޱȡЦ˵ֻ꣬˻ŵǸ
ʱ΢뵽ʲôӴ磬ɷҲһ
΢Ҫȥ̶Ұӱֱɱ˶Է̫ˣȻһѡ
ȡĥֶʮֲֻ̣ô΢ܸоһɣԵˣǺµĵˣô̶Ϊ
΢Ļֵܶһͬ˵ı飬ЦһСһ׮ʵҲòƣұкüһû⡣
ֵܺǴ󷽣¶ǣѾΪɡ۷֮Ȼܶʱ״ΣܼסҲֻ΢ֵȴ˵һϰûиġ
ǾȾư⡣
ϰƼ𣬻иʳսеزǧħǧĹɽɽиޣЩ޵ʴ󶼲֮ǹеĲ档Ҫ֪ʳ̺Ƿ˳ˣǿ壬٣ǷʿˣΪ΢ͺֵܻ㾳˾֣Ǵֻζѡ
ˣҲǳԵļΪˣֳֺۣȣʹ죬ֵǲǸƼ⣬۹ЦӺϲҪҲͽܰɣСӵʦܣҽ񹦡
ֵһΣǽ۵磬ǵʦȻҲ֪΢ͽҲһʱҲû΢ƽ۽սа֣֮ʲôһһȫЦħħҲԼһȣԺֵ֪΢Ȼһɳɹ֮ҲûоΣóֵܵһ㶼䡣
Ȼ΢ħħû˵ħ˲ĳһɳвݲа
΢ᵽҲʶľλã±˳΢϶Ҫȥġ
ֵܶ˵ȡһսͼ
ͼǹ㣬룬Կһƪյͼб׼ǰڣͼҲżλã뼫Զ˸·Ҳꡣ
ڸϣжӦĴͷͨͷٶȾҪࡣ
ٷ꣬΢ȥ̶ҰӵĻ£ֵҲ˵Ҫȫ̶ɢɢˣ̶׼ҵһΧȻģϻȲǧħ룬԰׼ңԱǧħ룬Ǻ߾ʲôˡ
̶򵥣ഫһƬ֮أʿ׵Ϊó֮ħ̶ܺܶ࣬ʿڶ࣬һҲʮλ鷳ǣ׼ҵΧʱ˵
׼ƨĵֶκֵܵķޣΧ۴磬۴񲣬ô˵ñ̺
һ䣺㶮ƨڴ֮Сģ׵ʿ׼ҵУҲж쾳ĸɱף׼˵ı˭ֵܵ
ô죬ѵͲˣ
΢ʱҲֵܣҪȣ϶ǳ嶯çײʵϺ˵ûʲôʱ򶼵ÿһº·
ǧħܲǺ
΢ҲûֵָܰæɱҪ˵׼ңǺΪ΢Ҳϧ
ԼֵΪѣ΢Ҳûж˵ʱһϢ
̸ıһЩսе£һ΢ȴǧħΧ̽ӣչΧһҾ޴Ľɫۣ΢ֻǼһͷһ
Ϊȷ۾ĸۡ
һɳУĸλ⣬΢Ҳ˵ǼΪأһֵܵ΢֪ǱȻĸۡ
ʱ䣬ĸֵʩ޼սҲһʱˣһֱѶ벻Ϣ
չطݺֵ˵սһأȥܳڤо޴ħĸҲǱ֮
ĸ۳չԵô£
΢ڶɳĸζϵģϾΪ̫࣬Ҳ̫࣬ڣǧħչҲʮյ·̣΢ҲѾ޳ɷˣ¹ĸ΢ô˵ԼҲӦȥ
ڴ֮ǰ˰ӡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ 
ɢǧħ뱻ɱϢܿʹ˳ȥ̶İӵ֪Ϣ֮ҲһԶɣΪƻǰŸմĹȻֵûɢ˾ͱܸоʲôԵĵط
ӽһ֪ʱԸɢ˵һĸ֣Ϊ·Ӧ
ĸ֣϶ĹǸӡǸоԷûҾȻѰˡ
ɢ˱ɱ϶Ƿйϵ֪ǷģһˣǸоԼؿЩۡ
ǸСӣⱲӺٳԿĹԸһ˶ǵʱȻһ﷭ǱԷһָؿڣˡ˿ϢһӦ֪϶ǸСӡ
ȻǸӶûСӻҲ˵ùȥ
ĹԼߺɢֹǣСߵŮҲԼһ´صģѰ𣬿϶Լ
תһ룬ȴǺ¡
ɢǲܺᲢ۵ģɢֻĸˣûиûпɽ˵ֱһ㣬ɥ֮Ȯûʲô𡣶ǰ׼ҵˣȻΪмһЩ飬׼˴Ǳ˳޳ɷˣҲ̶ֻʺƵطô˵Ҳհף°׼˲ϹͷŽ°׼˿ڼҲܲܡ
԰Ӹ£ãԷԼʲôˣ϶
ֵµ˾֣ӽһ˵¾һģªͫ׵׵˹ЦǸӻʲô¶ǸСӣֻҪ֪үݣͿ϶
󣬶׼кļ壬ƿصĿɲһ԰ټƣҰ׼һж쾳ĸ˭ǣ
Ҳ÷δȻǸӵȷҲǺɢֲѹǷˣָΣһ׵Ҳ
Ҳǵһ㣬ǲԳԴģ̶ֻʣ߰˸ԷĴǾ鷳ˡ
뵽ðһ⣬µȥõܹϲŮ޵Ҳвķţ˵°پɫŮɣʡ
Ǽһ֪ôˣȻܰ׼˵ĴƫƫһõܹϵҲǳζͶõڰ׼ҵλȻǰᲢ۵ģҪǣõܵΪܸߣȻͬǷˣǼһΧҲδ֡
ôһһǷѰҲһա
¼¾Ҫȥˣʱһ룬æǵˣȥ롣
ӵõרһй˵мǧȦŮɡ̶רŵĴͨ˻˶ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ӾʹӴ߳Ա߻һһ£ģεˣü֮а֮ɫϾȻ㡣
ø磬˵ǼŮôãһһߵɫдһɰɫ
ǰӵõܣչ磬ѾǷˣΪڰ׼һҲٮٮߣΪܵ׼ҵӣõԴҲǰܱģԣ涯Ӽһ𶼲Ķ֡
Ծǰø磬ڰչҲʲôǰӾͶðͽӡ
չ簡ôʱˣ㻹֪ͨɫֱɱᵢʱ䣬ֻļƷŻϲֱӴߡȻø磬ڰչǰ൱
һΪԷڰ׼ҵĵλʮҲȲһչ硣
ǼƷǵʱҿҪúллøˡչһЦ̶ĴУ˶ƣȻ˴ʮ°Ůɡ
Ӹɵɢ˻Ҫ㣬Ϊֺðչ磬רɫɫŮһЩСеСɣһЩŵĵӣֻҪǱ̶˶ϣ϶뷽跨ץչ֪֡ΨһԺͰչŦĵطҺܶ飬չһ仰ͿԼ
һץʮŮɣһǰͳﻮΪ˽ʮŮŪʵǻ˲˼
ֻҪܰͽᵽչ磬һжֵá
ȵʮǿȴϱ¶ֻһ㱡ɴ·Ůɱ֮󣬰չ۾Ųطˡ
ԭʮŮɸòϲ㣬ڵŮ֮ҲǼΪ˵ʮŮɶǴ֮չϲľܲϲ


ڰ˰ٶʮһ ˮ̶
ʱֵչ磬̶ΪһйϲһͿйЩŮӵĴ
չͷĲɲ֮Ҳһؼʱ̣ҪһЩǿƽӿɲôڣչҲǴ֮ˣһۿ飬ƽȻҲͽԼôڡ
ø磬ǲʲô飿չʵȻ֪Լøڰ׼ҵĵλ⣬Ȼǰ׼֮ˣĸôһ̥֮ˣȻȻм֮˾Ͳܰ׼Ҵ
ԷҲ츳Ȼ޳˷ˣҲǺأΪˣչźͶԷߵýһӻΣٹŮҲΪӻпõĵط
Ӿ͵һ䣬˿̼æչһЦһҵʲô£֣ô˵Ҳǰ׼ҵˣ¼Ұɣ
ӱԼõѵ⣬ȴҷֻǵͷȥչ˺ôҲٺȳ⣬˵ģǸӾȻ߰˸֮³ôãȷЩֶΣǻǧħɢˣߣҰ·վҰ·ӣǧħҲʲôø磬ˣվǰ׼ҵˣǴҲÿ˰ұգ˵˸ҲҿǾԲ
һ䡮ҲÿˡӵƤ鶯£аȴεļòұ¶ֺ
չڣұ㰲ˡ
˵꣬չ㿴ʮŮɣЦȻˣұȥø׼йΡ
չʮŮ͵йɫĻչǷȻջޱȣֻûӣָչ磬ҲҰġҪ׼ҹĺĹԼŪģֻпչ磬ŪЩĹаڶʮ֮޳ɶ쾳ɾ
ֻҪΪ֮ǰܵһжֻ׼Ҳˡ
ʵʵֻҪʵòſɫ˰չ磬˾ͲΪݣǧħ˲ͽҲ޻ءƶ
ΣΪ˱˰չ磬ǰԼţ̶²ú׵󣬿˵ֻҪԷȻֻ·һ
׼ȥʱ̶ͻȻꡣ
⽣ͻȻ֣ʼδ
ӵ˲֮ѾӦһ̣Ѿͬһ̶ϡ
̶һƬô˵Ҳɢ䣬ȻǽһƬҵĿӿݡ
¡¡һ죬̶ǧ֮²
һЩΪС׵ʿֱӱɱ飬ðӵĿɿڴ
ǧȫˮ֮
ʲôˮ֮
΢񽣾Ҳʱ䣬ŷʱͻȻ񽣾еľ֮
ˮ淨
ˮ֮ˮ淨֮µˮһˮˣˮ淨ľ衣
һ̣ˮȻգ֮ӿֳˣ˲ͽ̶û
սΧ̶˿̶һƬľѾû֮¡
ս⣬΢Ȼոյ񽣾Ȼʩչġ
΢ֵܶ׼ҵļɵҲûָæָ΢ѹ˰æ
΢۲Ц·Ѽʱ䵽̶Ͽա
΢ѰģȻ飬϶ǰӿ϶õɢ˱ɱϢ̶е壬΢ѹûȥ
ֱˮ淨ӳ񽣾ǧ꽫̶ֱˣ֮۰Ūʲôν΢ѹûȥҪðӵ
̶д˿һƬˮзɳӰ˿ǱޱȣǰӺ¡
Ȼû뵽Ȼ˿ʩչ񷨣Ϊ󣬽̶ˡ
̧ͷ죬һ۾Ϳ΢Լ΢ۣ֪ˣʱ۲΢кѾǿһȥ
ȻģǶ˵죬ڱˣ΢Ǹɱۣӣ΢ѾԷ׼ȻҪ
ٶȼ죬Ϊ֮ǰǼ׵˸ոմˮзɳûӦѾͬͻȺһɱȥһоͽһ׵˴ķ飬޴ȭᴩԷƵʬ£ֱӽһƬӣˮɽ
һ׵˼æ࣬ͬʱȡһͷ˷ûü߶ѾһץֱץŶԷԴָϲƺâһ׵Դһѡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ţƤİչ
һʩչְͬһͷħһ㣬б׺ݣ׵˶ʩչͱնɱ
һ׵˺òʩչһŸʴ䣬ۿɼ֮ոۣͱ񹦶ɢ
ˣ׵˾ֲѣԷȻɢĪǶԷǽ壿
ֶԾԲͿɥ׵˲䣬תһצͼƺһצ¶ѿպںۣӶ֮ȫǿָ˺飬׵Ҳ֪ǱסôģȻûж㣬ȡһ׵ո۵ĺħצǱ飬ͬ׵һ⡣
һ
ħצȥƲȻǽ̶һǾ޴飬̶һطķѣ۴˿̵ֶΡ
ħҲ۷壬Ʊǿᡣ
գ֮䣬۾ɱ׵ˣǱ΢Ҳûţ޽һնɾɱҲǽһ׵նɱ
˳磬飬ѾðľսˣԷΪɲ⣬ԶܶԸģ¾ǰչҲǶ֡
ʱ̵ģֻа׼ҵơ
ʱһŭȴ̶һƬУһƺɳȻ²壬ŭɫ
ĸ˵һҵˣ
˵˿ޱȣǰǧټĿɽְչ磬ó֮ǰȻڷ²塣
νˮɣ΢ʩչˮ淨֮ɲǷˮᲢ۵ģǿԽˮֻ˵ҲˣЩ°ֱչֵŮҲԸ㣬֮ǰ޷˵ɱǧˮϮǾȻǱűҪӵİչסҪˮС
粻չ磬Ҳ뿪ˡ
Ϊ˵ֵԼԼˣһ֮ܺùƿأ
ԴˮϮǱҪסչ磬ֻϧչΪߣϲסЩŮѡɱ
⵱ȻðչŭɶŭޱȣȻһˣڷųˮ֮ףҪöԷ֪չĺ
չ֣ҲܹȥѰӻһ֪ԼȻᱻԷնɱϾʵ̫Զ
չ簡ǣұҵһɫŮǴȸģȴǱ˸ţʧɱǸŮɣǱѰģչ磬Ӵ˿ǰõܣƣҲֻаչܾ
ʱ΢֣ѾǽǼ˾ȫնɱһ
չ˿ҲɫѿҪ֪⣬Է֪׼ҵˣ϶û뵽ԷȻĸѰ𣬶ҲѰ𣬻ɱ˰Ӽе¡
һʱҲüͷ壬Ű׼ҵĽƣԷôʮа˾ǲ֪׼ҵĵλҪôǲ֪ǰ׼ҵˡ
°չţغϹǼ˵Ĺۣˣټҵĵϵչ磬ͬҰ׼ҵˣǶһԣҶҰ׼ԣʱ˭˭ǵĿɽûãֻ·һ
չʩչΪģ˵Լ൱ţƤ壬קĲˡ
΢һǽס˻
ʦЪ
ЪʲôǸϽ⼸ŪǸձ˵֮ǰǸĹݣҷǵóúʰʰֵȻʦ΢ͽܣʱ΢ͽܵĻ
֣ͬǻˡ
չһԷûмΪԷ°׼ңƶǵ
˵ʲôţǲ֪ǰ׼ҵˣҲ֪û뵽һڳڸһٸӣҲٶ֣׼ǾԲܵĴ壬ڹѾôçײˣסǣһɻ䷨ͻȻϮǺڻϡչС˵ǰ׼ҵһܶʱֲöֻ֣Ǳһ֣˶жԶ߶ԶеֱŹˡ
չҲϲָоö֮γԸһΣסĵˣȻʩչ䷨⼸ŪУ֮ץסǣǻ¶䣬Ǻ֮ǰһС
һȻøղŰչĻһ㲻ףԷȷ֣˵ıסˡ
ֲ֮ǰôçײĴԭǲ֪Լǰ׼ҵˡ
ҲҽչȻԼӦ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ׽ն׷磨һ
΢˿̤̽գٸ߶һİչгҽձΪ꣬޹أ߰ɡ
˵ʵ׼󲻴΢޹أ֦ܲã΢£ҲûԵɵ¡
˭ǰչЦһָ΢۵үүͶˣôţҲÿˣɱ˰ӣҰչδ棿ڣ˵ҹ¿ͷʲôʱĵˣ˵һȻ
ⲻȻû˵ڣͻȻǰͳһֻ֣չһֻѾܣһ̣Ѿšչ粻Ѱ׵ˣڰ׼ǵϵӵܣĶϲĹͨΪĸߡ
˿̼֪㲻ſһ磬ɲ֮ᶾΣмΪͨ
ͳɷȵͬĹͨ󶼼ΪŹ֣ⶾͨȫʴΡҪһսе˫׶ĶڣҪʱͬǱΡ
⻹㣬ΪˣὫһڣұޱȣԵޱߣҵȼʹãƬܻ֮ɽǡ
չǰ׼ҵĵϵûֶνڣ׼еĳȴǿԣҲҡ˿ʴ֮ӡȻǸڻθʴ߰˰ˣʣµҲΪݣ֮չٴһŶΣĶ糱ˮһӿ΢ۡ
ոһȻ΢ģʩչժǹĸժǵͨԶ˲Ϣ͵չǰǰչҲЩֶΣΪȻδۣܳҲ˶١
΢֮ǰǿչΪԲŽ۽лȻޱȣʵǿ׵ˣ˵ҲԿԷŪֶΣ۸ǲıͨ
ԶԸһˣۿԣԸչ֣΢ͲˣҲ۳Կ
ոԷһᣬû뵽չûߣ΢Ҳö˵ȻԷҪ£΢Ը
ΪԼ£ǰ׼ңϧ΢ѹ¡
ոͻɱֽչնɱû뵽ԷȻֶӦԣ˿̿ľ޴ΣҲüͷһ壬̺󳷡
ЦΪǲ˵ԶȻҲϳǰչ磬ԷȰӣǰ׼ĵϵ
ɱ˰û⣬˰չ磬ǰ׼ұȻըë
ԸոյʱЦѾǴ΢չķû뵽ǰչ˵ĿȻ˹ؿͷЦԼҲԸ⡣
¶ɲҲͽ⼸λһɱЦɲ뱻꼰
һ̣չ˲ȼոյĶΣɲǣǳǧɵĻӭ
ͨȷ൱Ϊ̫󣬼Զܣⶾһķ𣬾Ȼûʲô¶ȣ΢ⶾȫԹ飬֪аһմȾЩԹ룬ʱ嶼̱ո⡣ǱȻɵҲ֪˿һĪչ𺣣Դת䣬벻Ӧ֮ߣֱֻǱ
΢ʱſʩչˮ淨ѾǶһˮ
һˮˣϲ档΢һһˮǶȻըɡ״ľ޴ˮˡ
˿ˮ壬Ϳ˭ǿ
СҰչ磬ҪչЦһ˿̾ȻһĶãʩչ䷨
һ̣ϹĹâڣȻǴϷڳһŤаͼڣŤĿڣ߰˸Сһֱۣ·ѹŤںһ
һаĵԽа֮ӦУҲ׵ʿһеͨ
ʵϺܶ׵˱ΪﲻһֻȴǿԽһЩеа֮ǿΪŻô׵˴ڣǰǰ࣬ʵǱȲͳķˣֻ˵ȡɣڴ֮Уа֮ǿϷ̨ѡ
˿̰չڶıһааһչƱǶҲͬһ㣬ӿ𣬲ˣǾ޴аӰȻһֻצѪƾճ֣ȻʵצѪģ˶ĵĸ֮ץ΢
΢ʱˮ淨ķάǧӿ̧ͷһа֮צҲɫһ䡣
ʱһȥһƣ˵ƳɷƷҪӦа֮צ
һȻа֮צǰ飬ĿɿڴҲû뵽ааԡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ׽ն׷磨
ԶսЦʱӦʧ֪ˣа֮һİ׷а񣬰׼ŷıǰ׷а벻׼ҾȻаѪֲ뵽չڣչڰ׼ҵĵλ²ֻǵϵӵô򵥡
ϤЦ˻֣֪̿鷳ˣչȻԽð׷а⻹ô
ġ
˵⼸ˣٶһҲӮЦʱ⣬ƲԵͷܡ
ŲЦ΢䶨ˡ
Цˡ
ʱа֮צѾ΢ͷ
ͽСģҲǼˣԴ޳֮вʱǾ޴֣ȻЩģҲż΢ͽܣȻǼת
ǧһ֮ʣ΢ͷͻȻӿһ׹⣬գ֮仯һ׽а֣֮һľ۶Ժа֮־ȻǱ׽һΪǱ׽ϴŵ׹ճһŻ
ٿһ׽ɣͨףȻɵ׽
׽ȥƲֱӻһâ˲ͽаӰն𣬼аӰһа֮ǵвסն֮аӰҲǷһ·ԾԨŭߣ漴
չΪаӰУ˵Ϊ˳ɶǿⶫģ˿аӰ׽ն𣬰չ׵ҲǷˡ
άֵĶ˿ҲǼֲס΢ǧӿѹȥչ˿ɫ԰ףոʤȯգΪʩչ䷨ڵİ׷аȻѹˣû뵽ԷȻҲɱﵣһʩչͽڵаնɱ
ðչ羪ޱȣ˭ǰ׼ҹİ׷аж׿ԽҲܱ׼ҵļֲһаѪУΪаѪ⣬һ㾳統о޵еĴڣû뵽Էһɫ׽Ȼͽаնɱ
һ̣ǧӿĶ𣬽ȥͬ񱼵ҰţײһֻƬ֮ͽչײĹǶϽۣˤ䵽һƬС
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֮£ﻹһս⣬æҪߣ΢öԷԸ˿һ䣬ɷסƬ̣һ̰˰ٽ⽣նֱӽƲһ㣬һץԷݺݶЯС
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ͽܣ׽ʲôð̽Һòã۴˿ǹЦҡͷԺǸˣҪ΢׽
΢ڵ֣Ȼûӽ̵ģۺżˣȻֱӵҪ㲻ҪͽˣҰΪʦҺòãʦʦ
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΢ȡһõĺ«ֳ涪ȥ
΢ҲŪˣǰչ׵ˣʲôϡŹֵУһôһֻӣڹƵһˣ֮ǰչʵǿᣬѹסƳ棬ܽԷ֮ǰԼնǸаӰǧӿΪѹסƳ棬Ƴ淴ɣеľֲ꣬ҡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ׼׷ɱ
˵չ΢ҲҪǾˡ
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΢ʱҲִ·ЦˣԷ˾ˣ´ñ΢һطһ֮ǰʩչ׽΢Ҳ˲ٵΪ΢ͷһ׵΢ԼҲû뵽˰ԵȻһжʤ
Ȼ׾΢ɱ
΢۶뿪֮죬̶мλ˾ֽ١
ǸεİӸʲôɷȻҲӦչ磬Ҹ˵ַٴ򽻵ԺҪ׼Ҽ֮λģֲİ׼ܣһŭ˵ȵǽ٣ѾһƬ̶ǰá
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ǸŲʬʹ޵ʱ̧ͷ¶ɱ۾ԣ˵ûɱҶ˭ҶҪ֮ء
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벻չȻˣǿ϶Ǹ΢ɱҰ׼̫ˣȻôͲ鵽Լϡ
ЦôҲ˵׼ңڽȣ϶ﲻԼ׼ҪԼԼɡ
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Ц˼ʱ򣬰չ֮Цͬ׵ˣЦڰǰŵĻ԰ɵΪһоͿԽЦɱ
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ĩҲˣ˸ۣߵүȫǸ΢ҵģұȥҰӣȵ֪չ繫Ҳڣʱһ˵΢ߣֻһˣ֮治֪֪Ȼҵ쵽ɱչ繫ӣ֪ʱƴҲҪ
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ֵ֪ܵϢ֮Ҳɫһ䡣
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ˣֵǲµģϾΪҲǧħв˸֡
µǰ׼λ쾳ֵ֣֪λ쾳Ѿڰ׼ұչأʱǲܳҰ׼ҶֵҪˣҲҲˣΪ΢۸ǧħ롣
ºӶֵҲǴǧħĸֺͰ׼Ҷֵܶš
˵ʵ΢֮ǰúӶֵЩǺǸоϻģ̫˼΢𣬾ǲԼΪѣǧħ룬飬
Ȼܸ΢۵䣬˵֪֪ҲԲ˵
ɺͰҲ֪ǧħ벻ǣǱҪͻãǺȷ˲ǧħ룬ǲ֦˫ҲûͻǸԿƣձ
ֻ׼ҵЧһλڲǰһЪϢͰ׼ͨ˺ԾͽϢ֪׼ң׼ҵһŹ˼˹ȥ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ׵
ǰɺͰ񲣬Ű׼ָ߰˹ȥ·׼òԾ磬ǰչˣʲô
һҲǷӦüǲȥչǵطǸ״˶̤㣬ֻǷˣȥ֮ʮ˵ǰӣһҽ۽չҲ֪ķĸ֣ܴ󰡡
һҲη֮ɫɸȻһ˵֪һαչأûϣ֮
Ѱҡͷ쾳Ѿˣ㿴м޳ɶ쾳ģһһֶֻĳ˵쾳ĽˣҴ󲿷ֽɼ֣Ǵ֮ɣֻСҪɽɣѰ
ҲǵͷʱͻȻӦݵǰ׷аϢԣǷڵа֮һǺ˷֣ߣˡ
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ͬʱһƬ֮ϣ΢һɽۣ￴ŴӰչڼгһֳֻ档
ֳ˿ʮʵǲʵ΢ͷųһףԷǹԵĲˡ
һԺ˯
ħֱ֮ͳԳ˾˯֮ǰ΢׵ͨʦʦĽУ΢ŪûӣֻһմԪ׾ĹۣȻһо˼գֻܷųͨף֮׼ֱ̫ࡣ
΢˵ŬҪôʲۼΪɥȻǵͷ˯
΢Ҳʮֺ棬Ծʹоһǹֳ棬ȴֳ֪ɢֻ׵ʿܸӦϢŰ׼ǰ
΢аչĴָĺö٣󲿷ڵ΢ѾƲˡΨһ΢۵ģǼƬ
Ƭ͵һǼ¼ھĶ΢һɨ㿴Щ׵ĹͽܣΪȫ档չǰ׼һʵļϵӵܣĹȻҲǰ׼ҵĲ֮أЩ֮ش˿̱΢ϵȡ·
΢˾ΪЩƬҲƬʱ䣬֮΢˵ѾͨѾ˽⡣
а񣬰׼ŷ֮һ׷а񡣶аֻм֪аݡ˵׼а׷Ѫһֱֱۣ߳߶೤ȻѾǧ꣬Ѫ⻹мǿԡ
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˿壬ǰ˴ż˵ȷ΢Ѿ۷壬˾֮ڳһĸ֣΢ʩչ׽˲öԸ΢ҲӦ֮
ʵϣ۰ɻǰ񲣬ҪȰչö࣬˫Ƭ̣һƬʮķѾǱķѣ顣΢һֱӽɶ˴ļ׵һնɱҪһ𽲰ɺͰһնɱʱȴǱӿа֮סˡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ ش
ãЩֶΣ磬а񣬲ȻǵвСӵ׽˿̺΢׽ײУҲֻǵƾ
׼Ҷֵͬʱųڵа֮˲䣬ȵչаҪüаӰ֣а֮ס΢׽
˿̰׼λ˾ĳһ˺а֮ײ΢׽ƴľΪ
׽ȻԵޱȣ΢ϾֻһˣҪάƬ̶ҪĴΪֻǽ֣΢Ϊ
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΢ûмְװ׺ķԼΪ׽ɺͰû͹΢۱ߴˣ˽ֻսƬ̾ȻǵչıԵش
չ⣬ۿɼһƬڵһƬ֮Ѳ⣬ֱޱ޼ʡ
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˿˻Գ֣ûмԹǸԵϢϢԱ߲ɾչıԵ͸ſֲȻ˫ĬǾɱټңҲչ
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΢Ҳ۵ĹǺȻͬ⣬ֵϢϢ˭˭ӵţһүүϢˣǵǡ
Դһ˭˵׼ءҲǺʾݻݻϢʱһ㶼ٿȡ鵤ҩ£ָ
΢ʱ߶ҲѾ쵽ޣ׼ҵ׵˵ȷҾ׵˶ĴڣȻԺаֵ֮ףֻǿϧ΢ÿһδ߶׵ʱ䲻̫δزһٻԷ
ÿһɱ΢оԼԽһЩ˫УҪֳʤǾͺúûָʱԺս
׼ֵȴ׷ɱˣû뵽ԷѲһԴ߶ɫ׽ֻк赲һΪߣһСľͿܣ׼ֵȻż
а֮ȻƽٶҪȱĵ;ʿҪϺܶ࣬жսʱԽа֮׶ҲǼһأĹ󣬺ܻܿᱻаѪⷴɣʱ궼һ
磬ôȥɰѲĺܣôһ£ٹҲֲʤ˿ȡƿӹŹֵĵҩ£ָϢΪ
֪ܣ֮ǰѾ֪ͨǴʱܸʱָ֣ȻԽնɱЦŴȥ
һϲ̫ˣΪһҪһˣӮʹˣʱҷǵð˵ƤǵĽ
ܷģǵⲻ˶ãǰչ·ӡ
ʱһһĹȥ˫ڽ߾ָܻΪֻȻ΢۲֪׼ϴϾܸ
ǻﵽһƽ㣬룬ǱȻƽ⡣
ȵ΢תһͻȻӦ͵ŤͷԶչ
ո΢ͻȻоһļ£ƺʲôΣս١ԶԵǻͬӿ·ڻвʲôڿԼһ
΢üͷۿȥҲֻܿһŵͻȻ֮䣬΢Ƥһºԥ֮һקסۣ̾ܡ
һ±òԶ׼ֵܲ첻ѣǻΪ΢Ҫӣʱ򣬹ͻȻðʮֳЩͬĴǣٶȼ죬ɲ֮䣬ͽ׼ֵܾ𣬼һҪߵ΢Ҳǿ첻ⴥ֣Ҳ󱻾


ڰ˰ٶʮ ׷
΢ǴһǸоһɼΪֲԼΪߣҪѣȴ޴ޱȵĴ֮ҲѡֻƬ̣ѾǿҪչ΢֮£æһ׽һնֱӽԼľ޴նϡ
ǴƺΪףһأһչУǱնĴȴǼΪײУȻǼ΢΢æʩչħһץסдаɷŽɳĶϴѹס
ȵһУ׼ֵܺѾǱǴ־չС
ˣ
΢ͷ׼ֵܵȻùܣ۲һûз֮ǰ΢ǵˣ֮ȴ֮΢ܲ۵΢һҧȡаľɽָԼһƿҩֱ׷չС
΢ǰŸߣһѹ١
һ˾ˣȻǰ׼ϴ󣬰ɺͰĴ磬ԱȰ׼ֵҪܶ࣬׵ߣ˫Ŀ磬΢׷չ
ܵأ˵ҵչ֣أʱ򿴵΢ɷѹĴ֣ɫ䡣
ǹޣˣɺȻǱ˵ΪȫˡΪߣɾ֮ѾǧϣΪ۽綼ܵᲢ۵ģչ򣬵꣬ҲΪһЩȥ
Ϊˣŷǳչжա
ָ޷ݹ򣬾ڵΪȥҲδȫˣͲ˵ܵˡ
ֻ׼ʵҲ⻼ģǰ׼ҵĸֲ̫࣬ܵǲκʧġ
°˿Ҳ롣

ɣżܶƯķ
ЩСģȭͷСֻǸһģҲɵǧɣӦĳ޴ĸʱƬѾûһ˿طѾǳ׵ġ
΢ٶȺܿ죬¼ɫ֮Ҳֻܿɾ룬Ҳûмٶȡ
Ϊһ٣ܾͻ׷
΢׷ٵϵϢ΢˵񹦵ϢʮֶأҲƾһ㣬΢һֱûи
ȻǴֵٶȸ죬΢׷ʱ˵Ѿ߾ȫǸˡ
΢ʱͣ£еľɥͱˡ
˵΢ôΪˣ˺ܴãûۣû񹦣û񹦣΢ΪڶʱԷĵز
۷֮󣬶΢ĺã˵Ļ˭Ψ΢Ļ΢ܿǽԼˡˡһʼǵͽܣְʦ
Ĺǧħ뻹̶۶һ·΢ɱģҲֹһξȹ΢ʱ΢ȴǾȲȻǼΪ
Ǵֵٶ̫죬ˮһ㣬֮ҪѰټѣ۵Ϣ̫ԶǾ׷Ѱˣ΢ھͺûͷӬһ֪ôҡ
鷳ǣ΢еȻѱ淽ڸ֪ںδ˵ˣԼҪȥѡ
˵΢·ˡ
·΢Ҳɵĵԭأô˵ңܲҵҪԡ
ԻһϣԣǾһϣûˡ

ɽ磬˿һ·
ǧǰɳһλһƷةɹҪعɳˡ
һĴ£Ҫ֪֮ǰڴ֮統Ϊһصߣʱ޲ܹû뵽ǰ
֪Ϣˣϵ£ޱȣʣ޼ļλ˿̶Եɽӭӣ˵ִ˺ɳɹˡ˵ͨɹٶûʸǰӭӣֻгɹٲǿôһʸ
ֻˣһǳĵ꣬һȻӡ
쾳ΪҪһ㣬ҲǶ쾳Ϊһɳ˵Ϊߵ
ĵڱչصУԲܸȻλվǰ档λ󣬱һɳʮִˡ
ʮִ˵λҲǺܸߣȫǷ˵Ϊʮˣ˿Ҳֻ˸ȴΪʮ֮׵ĺ˻ڶĲ˶սȻֳǲȱϯġ
ִ֮󣬱ǳɹ٣չλߵȥ˵Ϊӭ˻عɳҶˡ


ڰ˰ٶʮ 
ں棬˾üͷ΢ʧѾаˣ˵ѶЩ΢ĺһһżżûа취
ԱߣҦʥҲɫأȻӭʽûģ顣
ʱȴЦʱ䣬պ΢ԼӣΪԼͨϧǸ΢ȻʧˣҿӦˣԹ
һ⻰΢һϵ˶ɫѿ̧ͷȥԿ˵֮Ǹ߼
߼΢гԹģһǰ΢ϵɣ߼ø߼ڶûͻƵɾ硣
о˷ΪλҲ⵱Ȼø߼΢֮ǡ
΢ʧ٣ȵҪˣҲˣոպǵɷ΢͵Լӡ
Żר˵Ƿ˵о˺ݶ࣬⻰΢
Ҳ⣬֮ǰ΢ˣ۶ӣڶԷû˿ϢѾԼˡ
ǲսʤ
ǲսʤԽݺݴ΢ʱ΢ˣҲҪ΢̧ͷ
ô룬ǼΪαЦߴвô˵ûеʱһ΢ϻҲˬԼȻһһֱȵʱǸߴ˵СǺʡ
˵꣬͸߼˹ЦΪ⡣
ںҦʥȻǼΪջ𣬶ŵΧҲвɹ٣ξٺɽˣϡţҲڣ˫Ҳڡ
Ƕ֪첻λ˻عɳӣһ΢͵Լӡ
Ȼж֪΢ʱϻĿԲ󣬵Ǵôһϣͻ룬ϣ΢ڽ
ƥЦĵ⣬϶˵ֵܵĻξٺɽŭɶҲûӡ
ִ磡˫ɫ࣬˵Ƕ꣬΢ʧ٣һϢûУ˾ٵλҲȹش档
˫˵ںЩλֻں΢İΣ
ɹǱߣʱС
˵һģз˾Ʒɹϴˣ˵ϴ˳ԷҲ֪ɹûУ
ϴ˺ɹĻܴ󣬼ǵһβɹһηҲȻɹϴһ˵˿أԺǰ;
ˣֻ˵ɳһƷةľͲˣҳɵʱ˾Ͳɳˡ
ªţ˵Ѿ쾳Ϊűǰλδܸ߹ĸɴ˺ֵǰȥսѰɵټһɳĸֲ˻ˣӦþûˡ
ǰ˵ȫħǱħĻƽԪҲзǱҲڣŷûκѶ˵Ϊͨ죬ôʱҲŷ棬ʲôè塣
֮˻ɳҲסˡ
Ƭ֮ٿճһţӰ߳
һǷ˾ƷɹݣȻûзˣҲջĶ֮࣬ǰܻʱڴ֮磬ɽŵһʱգǺһعɳ
ԱһˣȻ
쾳Ϊ˿һ֣ɳڹٶûʸǰӭӣҲֻкԼλִǰӭӡ
֣˿̹һ񣬼ΪҲЩʵǰϵãǹĽ飬һҲǰ񣺡֣ɻã
ְãҲЦձ֣ҪȺԼҪСһ㣬ϾΪҲһ磬ֻǶ쾳
ӣҪӰѾˣôûе쾳ЦһִһЩûҲֻʸѵĵ
֣ĸ׼˵ǰڰֵĸ֪֮
һҲû˵Ϊ¹ش󣬼Ȼ֪ǾòҪ˵Ҫ֪ĸһκֵʩ޼ǰսͼֻк֪һŲ֪
Ȼʸ֪ģֻȻ˵֪Ǿһ֪ˡ
ִǰҲһһͷܿ͵ϣϾηûгɹ
ϧݸȹ̣ʲûзɹǿϧˣˣ֣֪㻹ʱصΪλǰʱʵ
£˵һЦ


ڰ˰ʮ Լ
뵽ڴ֮磬΢ĵ˾ȻڰʱϷ̨˷ɹ⡮λԵھšÿ𣬾ҲǸо˼飬˿䣬ԱȴΪԸڽԵɣԼæ²ǻȥ
عҲ΢΢һЦҲãһ˶ͷɳ°ٹӭʵǲӦãһͶɢ˰ɡ
ӭҲҵԸ˷ˣʵҵȵ¡Աһλִ˹˵
ЦſȥȻҼǵ㣬˰ǰˣǾɺλ֦壬˲𡣡
Ǳ߾һԣޱȣܱ˵ǺͿ佱ˡ
ɨһ۰λִˣǵУһ붼صʱģҶǵã֮ܿǰȻɳˣƺͲأ
һ֪ʵʮִΪߵλ˺Ͳˡ
ˣ˺Ͳǰȥսˡ˼æ
ԭˣҪ쾳ˣãܺãҲҪŬһЩӿֳź͸ԶȫⲻǺ£ǻöŬҪΪ˾ͺ˲սУֻͨΪֻ޳ɶ쾳һ֡˵꣬λ˶Ǽæǡ
ʱͻȻüͷ壬λҲһλһԾϸӦһҲɫÿ
һ䡣
һ̣һ߳Ѿǵǧ֮⣬ǳٹڣոΪһЩ˼ȹͻȻ֣һ
ˣλԼλִҲǼæ
һɫͺܲÿ̺ǳ߼ʲôѵ֪ڳȻҵɺͳ
Ȼոշһģһǵ͸߼ˣһںҦʥˡ
˺εľһͿ߼Ϊ£Ǳѯʡ
ʱǰһԶ˹Ȼһ뵽һˮĵӡ
Ҫ֪ɳɹ٣ɻľʧְԵ޹뿪ǸǴɡͻȻ뵽ʱ΢ѣǶ΢ĴȻ󣬶ٽʽ΢ԼԼʧԼδȻ΢ɨء
΢ôһ֣϶˶΢һ㹻ˡ
к͸߼飬⼤ŭҦʥڵˣȻ˳Ȼ΢⻰⡣
ȻûѯʣߣԲŹѯʣҲǰ߼͵⡣
ֻ͸߼ܴȻˣλλִˣ˾΢ԼӣֻδҺ͸ߴ˱䣬Ҫ΢Ҳˣ˺Ҧʥ˲ˣ˼䣬ʵҲʲô˲õĴ£ֻһСᣬ˵Ҳûˡ
⻰һʱ˶ǰ˵ݵģʱⷢӣҪ΢š
˵΢ʧٵ鲻ɹٶģ˵ʵܶ˶΢Ӧ⣬ȻôһѶûС
յ͸߼Ԥ룬Ӧûѯ΢ǺˣȻ˽⵽Էλȴ޹ʧ٣ʧְԼȴʧţʧְʧ¡ʧ֮ˣ϶Ʋһ΢Ͱˣ֮Ҳٸԭλ
ǵ͸߼Ĵ㡣
˿̣һȴɫŹ֣ЦЦʱҲˣΪĻȴҡҡͷ¶һͬı顣
˿һζЦλ΢ǺҲ
ǹʣλش
ɹǰ΢ıȻ΢˲ţͣȻϵɣϼ˾ٵλãֱôݡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾݿ֪ţûôϸ˿һҲ¶ݣ΢ȻǾţٶȣĳɾͣԲ쾳ܴסġ
˵ɳֻһλ
Ȼ΢Ǹϲϧ͸߼״˿ֵգһᰴԼһֱ΢ϣԶֳŵ޵֮ˣسŵǲҵһ
ʱԱʵ̲סǰɲҪ˵ôСİʯͷԼĽš
ϴ˺γԣһ㶣û뵽ݻ˵ӣƺԷǴΪ΢վ̨


ڰ˰ʮһ 
ҪʵǲģϾɣֵʩ޼ûʲôɽᲢ۵ġ
гǵͱȲˡ
۹λΪݶҪȵһݵȵҪһЩݾȻΪ΢˵൱Ծġ
ʱ߳̾˿ͬΪҲˣ佻鲻ҲǳУ΢ԼҲ֪͸߼ɷѹ΢΢Σֻ⶷ʱ䣬¾㲻˵ɳҲ֪
˵ʱΧɹٶͷȻ֪˵û
ʱ΢ոճɣλߣȣ͵Լ˭֪΢Ա֮ơ
ʱԴСҲʵ˲ݡ
΢ڣһϷ޷Ҫ΢ͰˣǸջˣ£ҲȻɨأĿ⣿ݳʵ
˵˼ǿװ򶨣Цϴ˴ԲӣǶ΢Լģʱ䵽ȴԼĪǣһ˵Լֲ֮ʧʲôһλˣ˳飬аħм
˵꣬һЩɹٸ͡
λλִ˺µýչɫһĪЦ⡣
ʱ̾˿ŵո˵ЩҲֻȻֻϧִԲҲûʲô˵ˡ
˵꣬ûͷһоʲôҪˡ
ͼݳΧһֵĳλ΢ִҴһš
⻰䣬˶ɫһ䣬ʵ΢ˣ
ǱںҦʥ˸ֱǰһֵϴˣ΢ںδļ
һɧǵһЦλĪ
ҵȷǰӼ΢ִˣڴ֮磡
ܣ˵΢ôڴ֮磬Ҫֻ֪׼֮š
˵ͻȻ˵ˣ۾󣬵Բ·뵽һԲŵĿԡ
ΧҲˣͬͷһܣݾں΢ոպϵɲŶãôˣҪ֪׿Խ죬ٺϵ֮Ҳʮп
ȴȻ΢ִ˲׼Ѿˡ
˵ţݽڴ֮΢ľǽ΢ľҲϸϸݽģϵλµһϳ𾪱ǲš
ϴˣ˵Ҫƾʵݣ΢ϵһ꣬ôܷɹһţ˲ţͷһ˿¡
ÿʱôͲܣ
һڣΧɸޱȣӶɫʵ֣˴֮ص֮һ΢ˣ
Ȼһ仰Ǽҿϲҳ
ŵ΢ǷˣǴȫľʿɹΪһ˴󹦣Ҫٵǧꡣ
£ȫصӴģٵԷɳ֮λ΢ڵ죬԰ʱ䳬˵ǶλԵھš
⻰Ǵ˵ģûеڶ˻ɣһ˵΢Ƿɹ֮ȻλԵھţ˵һĵط
Ҫ֪ԵھţлϳģпܳС֮С
С΢ĵλλ˶ùСĵλԲͨ󼰡
˿ںҦʥǼѣǷеĵģոݺ˶ˣ΢Ϊ봫󣬴˿սĳȻѾˣսҲȥ磬϶ǵҲˡ
֮Ӧǵ˿ңһţĵλݣ΢˵ѡ
΢ˣԼ΢ĶͳЦ
֮Ტۣ˿ֻҸطȥʱֵ΢Ҹλƽ֮⣬Ҵһɷɷƣ㲻Ҫж֮Լ𣿾һɷһ°ɡ
˵꣬ȡ΢ɷ߶һ˦˲һֳ֣΢Ӱ
΢ҧгݣ˿ȻֻɷϴŵһͷѾ֮˵ɷһû˭ܻ΢˵ʵ


ڰ˰ʮ һ
ΧɹһƣǷ׷ÿ߼Ҳ˺󣬶㵽ȺУҶ˵һ仰
˿̸߼ŵɫ԰ף벻΢Ȼˣһɹˡ
ڣ˼ˣһΪɳ˴󹦣΢λǿԺ;ᲢۣԼϵûУô֮ΪУ
˿̸߼ӶҪˣԼ΢ΪУ˼ѾˣԼ׷ϲϣβȡ
ˡ
΢Ϣֱӽ߼һн͵ⶼķ顣
Էֳ֮һ˿ͷ֮Լ׼ˣ˿̣΢һͷ˵
쳹š
ﻢ£֮ǰһֱԼߣ΢һͷڳǱɳЦҪ֪˿ɳеɹٶΧţ˵ʲôҲӳ
µҲһݣⲻ΢һĴɷеͷ΢壬Լô˵ҲǷһεɣĪǻв΢һ˿ͷ
뵽԰ҿ΢ûл΢ԶԷ˵ΪԼ򲻵еģڣֻǶԸԷһ˿ͷԼаա
΢Ҳ̫ԴΪ˾Ϳ޵£ֻһɷ˿˿ͷԼȫûнԼ
뵽ӿ֣ͻȻ֣һ־ǵƾ̺ܼ򵥣ǾӮһ΢һ˿ͷɱ֮뷨ӱչΪֻҪԼҲˣͲ΢
գֻҪԼʦֵܷ⡣
Եкֱӳ֣Ȼ˿ʵʱѾȫȻˣֻҪӮС
ʩչֵת֣֮ڤĻһת̡֣һɫ䣬پȻֽ΢һ˿ͷɱ
¡
һΧ˶о棬ٿ֣ɫβӣֱ΢һ˿ͷȥ
ɣȻ˲ͻȻ֡
ˣոţƤ죬ΪӮֶΣ˲ݡ
˲ǣɹʱȻԵԭǳ򵥣΢ѾǷˣڴ֮ȫĸ֣˴󹦣ǰعɳ㹦΢ССļ˾ѾݲˣƷٿƷƷ
ҪΪˣɽ統Ѿһǿߣ΢ɳĵ̺Ҫ˼꣬˵ʮִ˵оһϯ֮λ
ȻԭռǿƵĵ˿Ѿȫ΢侮ʯתҲ
ۿ־Ҫ΢ͷͷ΢һͷȴ΢΢һЦ̧һȭ
һȭͨȴȭǬƣȭ±һ˲䣬ȻǶ֮⣬ֻо˫ĿһڣȻ̺־ȻҲ˲𣬱һȭɣһ̵ҺһߴҪѨѾͬʱȭɼݽȥȭӡʮŵľ޴ʯ˿̣ȻҲӡ߸ȭӡӲʯϣȭӡ硣
ۣ
ΪٸߣʱҲǵסֲŰȭ߸Ѩȭ飬ΪѾʧȭֱӷ˵嵱еͼɢȻǱΪ
ȻˣΪһϣʵųɲ˵ԺҲд˿̵˫Ŀңҡҡ׹ҪǿΪϼˣֻһ죬һѪֱ
һȭʤ
Ϊ΢ǩ״ģֶʲôԸº׷ġ
˵ΪˣҲǻá
һӣ֪ˣ˭Ҳû뵽΢Ȼز嶼ûֻһͷͷ˵
һͷˣ治֪΢Ǳ٣ֻкεܡ
ո΢һͷõ񹦵еġħȭһ湦̥ħű䣬ȻˣѾħ΢Ȼ⹦֪⣬սблԾʩչҲġ
˿̻ܵ΢һͷĿĴɣɢ֮䣬ޱȣɳ־η
ִǱߣŴͲţɫȻͬ飬ǣδһ㣬⻹ֻ΢ոշǼʱգ΢öǿҲ󲻵
һǸһ䣬һɱϣȻĹλҲסˣɳ¶֪ˡ
ھͿ΢ʱعɳʱ΢Ȼһɳ졣


ڰ˰ʮ 
ս缫֮
˴һ˶̤㣬֮иΪɽɽʮɣվɽۣɸһƬգʮ
Ϊɽ߷缱Ѱϲɽ۵ģ˿ɽ֮ȴվһˡ
Ů£Ʈޱȣ޾Χ硣ǰһʯд֡
ۡ
ǱۣҲڶมۣ֮˵սߵĵط
ۣ¥̨ȸΪߣƾԣֻԸһꡣ
Ů紵°ڣճŮӾΣʱŮͻȻֵټ㣬˴ɵ۶֮𣿡
˵Ź֣Ů߲ˣʻ֪ˡܿ죬ֵǣ˴۵ʯҶֿдֻʱţ˷ǡ
ŮӾȻԴ
ټ㣬ڴ˵ȶãʵ
ܿ죬ͿһЦִ𣺡ôǸСˣãҷģǸСɲͨˣ컯أҿʱܸоһϤϢƫƫ벻˭ҹôͨĨҵļ䣬һ֮٣òŵ˵ʱ֣͹ƾף˾統оųɾŵĸֶĶ֡
˵꣬ȴüΪߵټ˵Цˣֻǲģһȵʧǧ꣬ɵҲδ
ҵȻ֪ҵĲлؾٸӦˣֻһˣɢȫޣһ֣һ֮ҲֻҲģ֮Ͳˡ
˵ʲôټ㣬ѾصУֻǽһʱգԸĺܡ
ǱãҲ赣ģСӽȻԳأӣ͵ǻĥ£㣬˶Ǿս磬ǵ졣Ծ𣬻ҵĲлļںΪ辭֤ܴ֮ﵽ֮Ҳл֧ţΪѳԽ쾳ﵽ쾳֮ϣֻʱ뿪ܼΪͲ֪ˡ
֮ǰΪжߣ
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㣬֮ϵľλֵģ
ˣ㽲Ҳãν޵֮£ҲǷ˾ֻϣ˵ֵһᣬУֻΪ˾ˣΪ֤ϵ쾳쾳쾳쾳֮ΪɾҲˡɡˡ𽣡ɵ֮˵˾֮ϻи֣ұ㲻֪ˣ꣬ѾǺ쾳Ϊִ磬մȾ֮Ҳ
ɽ껹ڣΪΣ
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ڴʱɽ֮£ȻǴһͭ
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˵꣬һѾǵ˱ɽɽ¡
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ħͷվһˣ˺棬ֳһԴСͭ塣ͭ弫Ϊӣ̺ɭɭħһۣ˶Żֱӡ
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дһҲû뵽Էͻɱ֣˦еķ飬ͬʱҪ𣬶ܽǧħʬ֡
ʱһ죬мæ̧ͷȴһ޴ܲҸš
˲䣬ϡһ㣬ǺУ࣬ѣ֮ɫֻƬʱ䣬ͱǾ޴ħɡ
һССĶ쾳Ҳ£ֱѰ·
ʱͻȻ͵Ļͷʲôˣҹ


ڰ˰ʮ 
˵ͬʱѾ˷Ǿ޴ħһֿ쵽µٶץ
Ǹһʯ֮վһٻӰ
Ȼټ£Ȼ˿̿ټ
ոɱǸ쾳еħϮһצټһмһָͼһ׼ͬշֿһƣҫĿħٶǿ죬ħܵеùףټʩչףԶ΢ܱģգ֮䣬ħħ־ͱն䡣
ף͸ž㵣Ƿһ˿һо޴ͭ壬һ̣Ǳնħħֻûأͷ·ӵһ㻯һźħڣһ̣ħĶϱۿ³һֱۡ
׵ĲʬħЩ˼׵ˣ㣬ֻһԿ֣ȴҳ֣һô㣿㲻˵ӳîͱˡټƽȴ˼ѹ
֪׵ˣô˵Ůޣ㵨Ӻܷʰ̵ıɽһŮӹһҪʲôȻûнټĻΪȻߣȴײʬħղɱǸµĺҲֻһУģŮжΨһ鷳ǶԷʩչף˵ǵһλΪﵽ쾳ɵеͨ
˲֪ȴ֪Ϊ׺ɵۻһԹ档
ֻɵѾʧ٣ս֪סһʬħҪȥΧһλһ쾳ɼ֣Ȼ׵ŮӵȻҪʸ
һйأǾͲܷŮ뿪ˣΪǵļƻ¹ش󣬲жʧ
ټҡҡͷħԴǣȴ£Ȼ㲻˵һԼ֣ⲻħʬˣԼҲˡ
˵꣬ټһһ̣ȻѾǵǺ˵Ľǰɲ֮䣬λλһҲǶ쾳֣ǽһȻ˳뵽ʬħڡ
ҹټһץָʣȻ̽ʬħͷץסԷһ½һ㽫Ǻ˳˦ɳȥ⣬ٿʱټҪһָһΣ˲Ѿʬħڡ
Ѫɣ˸ոչ壬˿̼ԷУޱȣҪ֪κˣһ벻ʬħڣֻ·һոԷɽΪǶ쾳ĺУһ¡
Ů˲ʲô㲻һУʱٱºɱ˾¡
ֻȻˣѪɣֻѪ֮壬ڵټҲµѾѪ֮壬ǸһĴڡ
ںΪӮʱټһ棬գ۾ͷһɵֱӿסǺ˵Ĳӣյĺ˰
߾ޱȣһ̣£ֱ仯µģֻΣץסǺˡ
˱յİ£˿̺Ǹɴֱģһ˲䣬ǿŮӵΪȻѾ쾳Ҫ߳һ磬˼ѹ²ʬħ񻹿Լֻܵ
ټ־ͽԷǾ޴ͭ˹Ȼʩչףϵõģ׵Ĺ֮Լ£׵ħױ˱ᣬ㶨֪ȴǵˣ⶯֣Ǻε˵ɣ˵⣬ҷһ⣬ɱ㡣
ҲԼټĲжԷȻ֪֮ǰصԼѾľ˿̼æ˵˵ҽлƽ磬¹ħ֮һ˷֮УʬħȥȥչΧɱһλһ쾳ɣ֮ǰף֪һˣԾץѯʣǲΧɱļƻ¶
˭Ҫȥɱ˭ټʡ
⡭ƽԥһ£ʱͻȻһâԶնֱնټҲһ㶣û뵽ȻΧŲƳȥٿǻƽѱһڷߣʧ١Ǿ޴ĲʬħҲǻڹ⣬ݿղ
ټ㣬ʲôˣټͬһ壬ոȻ޷ٿȴǽ̿УԷʡ
ף֮Դħ֮ءټ˵ֵ׾Ȼ˺ٺɵ۵ԼȻ飬ҪȥΧɱһλһĽɣҲӲ
˵꣬ټһ⣬ȥ
ټ㣬ȥģ
չ򣡡


ڰ˰ʮ 
һɳϣۣټ¹ħ֮һЩ鼸ͬʱ΢Դ˿֪
׷شֽչ뽫۾ջʧȥԷټ鷳ǣ΢Ѿչʧ
һ΢ǰУΧĻɫʱʱйŹֵХк͸ֹӰ֣ʱ΢ҲˣЩɫǼԹͻɷޱȣҲֲչᱻΪء
΢ȻѾǷˣΪҲСĽһ춼淽Ҳ֪ߵʲôطûκλ˲ʬ٣ϡŹ֣еĸɴƯУһû߹ȥĿֲĲʬͻȻ֣˭ᱻһ
΢һΪ޴ĸȲΪȻ΢Ŀ̱ǰһĻ
˿һ紵һƬĻ΢һ⸡Ĵòһ΢ֻо𶯡
΢ս磬ĸһɽ˵ֹ
ǰһٱţ⻹ֻǱɽһǡ
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ԣսУõȻǶݣҲһɳ֮
ݾ޴ޱȣ֣֮֮ɽо죬ʣĸ
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΢ҲСϵ¥ȻһãСŵ͹Ҫʲô


ڰ˰ʮ 
΢һܣѾвƷ۵ɾӶ࣬ҲкüǱеľƣζ㣬źǿ֮ոŵһɾ㣬ҿкþƼ𣿡
͹ͷһ¥Ǿ¶͹ٿҪС
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һʲ֪⼸̲ݳѩɽ¹ԼҰյĲˣ˳ˣҲЩΪ
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¥ֻкϵ֮ϲܿܽĶϵΪȻ˵󣬵΢ȴǿԾնС
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ݲͬڶݣûɳͳȫͳΣ⸽ģһң˵ҼһλΪ쾳ĸҪǧ٣¥һ˶ǴӸΪҼٵˡ
һң˵̶ϷˣֱΪ³ҡؼҡҡһҡ
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΢һ˵ʮҪϢ
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΢һ⣬Ƿ˼°˵ĶհٴޣҴСĳƽﾭųɲʳʱ˭ײ˭ùֱһͷ蹷ܷһհٴޣǾǴ˴һΣ˾ȻҴСհٴޣҪ˵ùˡ
΢ˣüͷһ壬ʳˣĪû˹ܣѵܷԣ
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˻˵֮ǰ˵Ǹ̵ƽԣ
ƽ̾˿û˵
֮ˣֻԼùһʼ˵˵
΢ȷǱˣû뵽չߵĴ־ȻĳҶԷҴС㣬΢ڵ˽⣬ҾһȻ쾳ɼ֣һ㣬һ˭ǣ
۾ôˣ
΢ţǣҲȥ̽ȷϣȻͷ۵ҴС㣬΢˭
΢ȥȷһܿ΢뵽ҼҪôͷȥӦòᱻɡ
ϼ˵ǲȰο΢΢лһ뿪û¥යȥ֮󣬻һ̽ڣʹԼָҳıﵱǰһ̽
˴ǳǣһʮ
΢̤ƶУһ·̽һ·ѯʣٶȻ첻ˣ·΢һƬ֮¾Ȼбȥһ֪̽ȻһˮƱоˮ飬Ȼ㲻ʲô˲õıȴ΢ˮ淨֮Ч


ڰ˰ʮ ˳ִ
񽣾
΢һЩȡߣ·˰գ㿴ǰһƬ죬˿̾ȻǱ׹ʮ˱ǵ쵱У෨ֵЩ׹⡣׵֮ǿ£Բ񣬾Ϳܱ
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˵ͨˣǷûǿҲǾԳġ
ִ΢ǰҲǴûмȻƣ׻ٿɱա
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΢¿Ȼи岼ɱǶԷ϶Զ˵Ͳĳӡ
飬κһ˶ӦóϾʮˣףˡǾ͸ףν飬һҲܹ⡣
ԿӣǾͲһˡ
΢ԥУ浺쵱бҲ΢м֮ǰ¥΢й̸ĸˡ
˴˿̻֧֣ѾЩ֧Ųס޴׹ⲻϵ£ֵķĹ⣬ôȥɡ
Եǿ΢ץסһһæ
ֵѣ
΢һҲĸˣƷ΢ҲûԥǰˡɵʱǺ˼ɣ˿ѾǷˣ˼ôûбҪҲһɱ΢зƽģڲ֮ˣ涷ֻⱰֶΣҲʲôöΪҪ
΢һԾһ̣ȻͻΣ䵽ǵ쵱С
ֵѣ
鷳ˣҲһǵ˼濴ܲܰƵ󷨣УҲ۵㣬γȥ
ǽƽ˴˿εԱͬɣ˿Ҳ̾˿ԭҲֻһϣϾɱ󿴲·޷ƽ⣬ΨһϣȻǳ˴Уⲻ
΢Ȼһ΢ȻԲҲ˽⣬ο΢ۣκδ㶼Ӳ΢ۡ
֮˺ǽƻ㲻⣬ڴУҲ˵΢Ʋģ󷨵еҲ벻Ĺؼ󷨵С
ʮ˵ֻĸǷˣ඼ɺͨˣ֮ǰѾ˶ʱѾݽߣеѾǵֵס׹⣬ɱ˿̼ΨһľǾȻɵ㶵ǵĳǰһ
ʱ΢˸ͼһɫ׽ҫ׳һ̣׽ͷһ۹ᴩͬǴһһͷ˲߽⣬ɱҲֱƳ
ʮ˶ɵˣǴ˿̻ž׻ӣۣ΢һӣɫ׽ջء
΢˲ϢҲǶ׽֮ߣһ׵綼óˣ΢ܺƵڣֱ߽ɱ󡣵ȻҲ΢ķǾɵġ
ƽλĿɿڴòŷӦɱƳˣǻǣҴĸϲҪ֪֮ǰΪԼˣôãò֤ɡϵôǼֱԩٺܲϲ
һ̣Ҵ˶ǳ΢ס
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Աɺ͵ƽֻ֪΢գ˿̸֪ˣҶ˳ƺ΢΢Ҳֻ˳ֶΪûʲô˵ģʱ΢ͻȻ̧ͷһȴǿһӰͷҪߣ΢һնһ޽緢Ʋһƺߣնָ
ܵĵǿ죡΢һ䣬Ҳ׷ڳҲɵӣ뵽ոӰȻ岼֮ˡ
ƿڴм˻Ҫ׷ԷѾټȫޣҪ׷Ҳû׷
ٴζ΢л΢ǾһȺˣնԷָҲֻһϢ
ƽ֣֡αеģ΢Ǻ棬ǳԷʡ
ΧɶһΣԭǶ˵һϢ˵⵺֮ϻضʱ̿һؾ֮ţǽؾɵõ෨ͺô


ڰ˰ʮ ɸ
֮ˣҲؾ֮ѣԾȺ򣬵ƽɵҲϢһûеȵؾڣȴǵɱ
Ƕޱ֮ˣ֪Ǳ˿ˡԷܼ򵥣Ҫ˺ɱ֮ȻȥǵĴչκôʮ˵óҵ׻һ㣬һǾͲһˣҲֵðա
ֻ˼ȻɱȴССֵ֮Ҳ˰˼⣬΢
һСˣõ˿Բɱķţַɱ˶ᱦҪ֪Щ׵ٵķҲǼֵǡ
֮ȺǶ΢ж£һǰύ΢ҲһһԷּ£ˣҲֻܾ͵ʬǡ
ˣΪҲҪȥҺϲǣǽͬУСˣҲȺ֮Աһɹʵ΢˵ͷҪȥңһ˵ЩͬС
ЩһҲϲޱȣУ΢ΪһǷ˸֣һˡǰĽţ΢Ϊ˼
˽У˵ƺƴʮλƼһڡ
ˣƽ֪΢ĺѱҴСհٴץߣȻֻǵڶνӴȴó΢壬ǿСˣҶ֪Ϊ˱°ߵĺѣģһȰĲȥǲǺǵġ
΢΢΢һЦ˵Ǻģ΢ѾΣҶȥλǻˣұ뿪ȵΪû˵ʲôҲýѾߡ
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ȴҡͷƽˣһλ˺λȥ˵أҴС㵱ɱûһ߳ҴţǸǲ˵٣ͳ֮صˣ۴Сźϲһô񣬲ȻǵңңЩжͬ޵Ϊ˶֣ĪЩˣ
˵ֳ꣬΢ˣ㲻֪˵ֶΣҪ˵ң͵͵ȥ̽һ£лͽѾȳԶ߸߷ɣǧӲ
ɵĽʵ΢⣬ΪȻߣϾǹһˣҿ쾳ĽɸôȥӲ
΢һʼ̾͵͵ȥ̽
ɵ뷨΢ıϡ
ǵƽҲͷˣⷨӺãͺһңʱûȥ̽һ£ڻû͵͵ȳ̾ߣҼ٣ҿ϶вٺٵˣǻᡣ
˰΢ıߣ΢Ҳǵ˵ͷⷨӵȷԼڻȥ˲Ĺ籩¶
Ȼˣ΢ǲὫ϶Ҫ̳۵հٴ޸ˡ
ȻζԵۡ
£˭Ȱûã΢Լµĵߺ׼۵ѣͳʧŭʱ̣һ飬ۣ΢ܷ
۷Էֻ΢һˣ΢Լ֪ܲܰ
ֻһͷֻһϣ΢ҲҪȻ΢Ҳ϶ΪѸ
ô򵥡
Ȼ΢޶΢Ҫڵ޽ӽ֮ǵˣ΢䣬˺һڣ΢ֻͷͨѡ
΢һ𣬸ɸ
ʱ䣬Ѿǵɸ֮⡣
ԶƲص£һ޴ޱȣɸ΢ǰ΢ߴ棬ҲǱɸˡ
ǴԶҵ¥ͥԺǲ˵ǹһ㶼ţһ·ӵۣɼ˻ݷڡ
൱˲á
λҼ֮գ֮ɶֻɸΧһ죬մ磬ɸŻῪӭ͡˵ϸһɸ֮⣬Ѿۼǧˣ˵ͳ֮ص˶٣һ㶼ûпš
Ҳвٷˣǰǵùмӡ


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һҹ΢Ҳν˿ɸ֮ĿӦҪͨ̽һ۵ټȻɸмǿĽƣ޷ֺ̽
ֻܵȵԺΪɸ㡣
΢ĵȴһߣɸ֮ڣһݻޱȵͥԺ۵һһֵǵҸ顣
һȺһŮ˿ŭȻģΪޣ˫Ŀȴ͸һ׺ݡ
ϵġ
żūɣһŵĻ
ȥհٴ޵ˣǾȻ˵ҲҪʲôãȥСң츸״֮գҪհٴ޵Ļ쵰ǰȻҾͽǷˣιҵհٴޡλҴСͬɷһ㣬˵꣬ǼūŵøæߣѾԼ̣ǲܣΪ֪ܲ
ŭδҴС㻹֣ʱԱһλģΪʵйάһͷСϢŭհٴץһ˱ˣʣǣ϶֪˭˴Сİհٴޡ
ҴС˿һƴȥֱӽǿſڵϣѪȴŵòҲãǹġ
ϻ⻹ңСʹˣʣˣһǷӣ񲣬һʲôƨ׼ҵˣʲôƨ׼ңǰֵһᣬ˶˵Ȼÿȥ̣ò˶þˡ
ǿ겻ҿҴС˿̾Ȼ߹ȥԷԷ
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ǿ꼱æҡͷֺõС㣬һ㶼ֻۣūޱ˵˻
ˣȥһöҩ˰ɣԺַϻ˵С˵꣬⿡ɴ⼱æΪҴСг裬ȻǽС㵱ӣȻղűһƴˣңûֱӱ
аСƢŰϲŭ޳ԺƵĻɾԲ˵
ʱһǰС㣬үȥӭɵ˵йá
ͣĹͣҴСһͷ
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ӭɵ޴ޱȣ˵طֱӴȥһͿУһλģ˾֣ŵĲػ
£ݼλ͡˿̴֮ڣҼΪﵽ쾳ɲ㼶ӹЦ˵
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λ쾳ǰҲʵʵüĿһֱڲػϴתҲǳ΢΢һЦ»⣬֮±Ƕˡ֮ûԶֻڸȺ򣬹һ߽͵͵һ½±ڻ
ҵСˣǱǰˣǲػ˿ΣϿ٣ȷֿŮĵ͡
ƽ׺ޱȣŰ裬˿ȴͬСŮһڲػУüĿԴԹɣôôòң֪֪ҵĺÿ࣬㲻Ůˣ˰ɣ
ػаһ͸һֻǿҼҵ׵ķݶϣŮˣһεĲػ˺ɫ
ѸŮˣǱػ㵽ˣ˿̲ػһЦôᣬ֪ҵģųûʱ飬㸸׹٣ҵһʱʦŸ˫ǸǰΪ㣬ȴңİ
װģôһ˵±̱ƭתæɣֻǿЦܼұ˭ˡ
ʱػϴ£뷿֮ڿˣ
⻰һ˵ǰһּɬæûУ绨һȥһһҸ


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ˣȫҲ̸һҪ飬ʱڿ϶ǡػЦ
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ػһȻС벮һԸһһĸ֣֮¹ش󣬶ʱﲮ϶ûʱġ
ǺãҲһЦ⣬Ųػʧȴ˫˫صµĹ뷿ֱӽڶ˸˳ȥ¼ƽӰг裬ȵֻʣ֮󣬱㿪ʼ𽵹ò
棬ջȻҪǼгˡƽǶǰٰµĻϲû뵽ոոǳʱ򣬾ͬһ㡣
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磬ǲػʲôģӢһ㣬ΪһѣҪ˵ϵĹδǸ缸ǿһгǲˬС˵
Сһ㣬һС϶ƤǸгǾһҲͬԷĻ֮ǿǸػ˳ۡ
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Ҫ֪ΪүٵģҴ⣿
ʲôЩֺǵȻǣһЩСɣûʲôĶܼҶÿֱӶ⵱Уǳȥթ£һô϶£ǿ϶ưͳԻŵġ
ô˵ҲеãǼ鲻ãͳȥȨɢɢˡ
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֤ûԼĵĵг裬Ψһڵþȡ¡Ҳ֪ЩгĴڣƽҲҵЩˣϾЩг豳ǸЫĴС㡣
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⼸гȻҴСг裬Ӧû֪һЩ飬Դϴ̽һϢ
΢۲⼸г趯ʱڴһɣ൱ŰԵʱҲЩ̲ס֡һͱѣǼгȻһӵϣҪ
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ǣ΢߶֮󣬿ڶʱڿ˵ΪֹҸո΢Σټ΢Ϊܸߣڳ˵Уû˭ܱȵ΢ûע⵽Ҳûע⵽


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΢ܵʱŶֵһȺ˴˸ɫҲǴޱȣǷӦȻһˣΧȺСг豻ͷת򣬷ӦҪ˭֣ѾҲֵˣƿڴ
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΢ʩչͨУŴҡڷ븮


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븮ŵȻ֪ҴСǼгʲôУ˿̿΢ٰȻҲû̲飬ֱӷС
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΢һھͺܲҲƽг֮׵Ըһ˵һŤǸ
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΢֣磬Ϣɱڸǣ֮ǰûвֺ
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߲ףλ˼أΪ٣Ҳˡ΢ֻ˵ôһ䣬Ƕ˾ˡ
ȥս϶УҾȥսҲδѣǶζ㣬Ķȴһ⡣
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ⲻõķӣȴΨһʵֵķӡɺ͵ƽ࿴һۣ˷ģѱҶ˵ѣǻҶҲλѰȻ
лˣ΢֪˿ţҲ˷ʱ䣬۾Ҫýһ׼׵
ȻûκηӦϾ΢רŸҴСһףʱұͻۣسҴСͲػĳ£ʱλСҲȻţδػʱӦ顣


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пǧ˵磬ɺ͵ƽȻܲμˣ̸ȥ
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˫Ӻͳ̸µʱӹ̾ͬˣܳ𣬽ύҪȫǺаģһʻս˭ȥ˭


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ȡһӴһҲһһһ̣ҵ𶯣ͼǾ޴԰ĺУɳһž޴ޱȵޡ
аٸǧɵĴ֣磬ڿУٶȼ죬Զȥͬһźơ


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΢ź۷ֿȻ󵥶ˮ̶ײǲ׷ã׷΢һҲܽе
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˿̲­ɽ΢Ҳϸ۲⼸׷һ۾ͿվǸ쾳ּϵӥ

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΢۲ӥʱӥҲǷ΢˿ǷʾХ
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鲼ƣһӣ΢ά֣̾Ҫһء
΢һĻ۲ѣԪͨѰȻǱԷһָˣ쾳Ƕ쾳ԶǷܱȼġ΢ոջˮҵǶôǡ
ôԼѾˡ


ڰ˰ʮ Ҫ
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һλҲüͷһ壬ԷҵĵϵҵĵλԶԼҵĵλܱ⡣˵ҲǸӹܾãűҵļգһһ·ﶴ쾳
ףūţˣֱ׵˵һҵĹ
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һ֣ذ˭΢ôһϢҿȥˡ
΢Ȼ˳ߣ΢Ҫӥֻ֣Ҫӥ͵Ϲ˶Է۾ӥһֱڶԷ쾳ֵļϣ̫΢þգ̾ӡ
Ҳ˺˭˭Ӯʵϲ˭˭Ӯ󶼲ŹԼֻӣӵԽԽãԽԶԽá
΢ոձһָˣֻŲξЩֲ֧סʱ΢˿ͣڶ쾳֣ǧľ˼һ׷
ʱ΢ЯĵҩʯҲѾһգ˿̾Ȼɽˮ֮ѾԶ
΢㵽Ǳ뺣ף߶籩С
һΣ΢ٷһ죬ǽ֮ĺ
Ѿ̣źԶԿ֮Զ֮ϵĺɫš
Ǿͷ籩ϢоͿԱܹӥ̽飬ʵڲУ΢ҲϣԻָһЩȻͶԷӲƴ
У΢˿̼źٷɹǾͷ籩ҲԽԽʱͷ֮ͻȻΣϮ΢æ̧ͷһ㿴ֻ޴հٴ޾ȻǴͷһƬƵҫ
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΢֪ȻհٴֿԽƲŲƵֶΣҶԷӥ˿̾ȻƬ̾׷Լ
հٴ޵ıϣЩǱ¼΢һԹ֮ɫ֣ȻңҺ˵ˣȻֵóˡˣҲ˭ҶҪҲҪɱ㣬һҪĥһ꣬ˣȳǸӣһҵȻɱ
ԱߵĲػ˿Ĵ΢һǸо죬Ҫ֪Ǳߵķϣ΢ǴߣԲػûеһʱ佫΢ϳ
С㣬ɱ֡˿ҲǺ΢ǣ΢ǾͲҷôĳͻȻ뷨ӽˣ뵽ǱСӸģһ
ס죬ձСҪɱ֣˭ҪܡĿ¶
ҲǺ޼΢΢гͲ˵û˵¿Ǽǵ¶أ磬ϲһг裬϶Ǳ˸ɱˣҪԶĥԷ
ȻҲҹܣֻһվšػ˿Ҳæ۾ɫʵͲ΢ɱ£һԼͲȢִŮˡ
ڲػ˵ŮˣȢ붼Ҫ룬ֻ֮ǰƣ˿ǶԷ£ȻԼٳɱ˶ԷһоͶˡ
ʱػǴźǿڴ
ҲֿԼСΪԱ߻һ쾳λڳ¿϶ް
΢һ£ȴЦҴС㣬˵һȺг裬ԷˣԱλź컨ĹĪͷ
һ仰ͽ
΢ȻŮԴҲᱻĥɷˣͿƽΪд˿ɷӱ֪ǺöʱҲʹޱȡ


ڰ˰ʮһ ɱ
´ŭ¾ʹհٴϷɱ΢΢ȵľᣬ¾һֻҪܣԼǶ쾳֣΢׼ʱ硣
һ˲䣬»ûʶͷػȴǿߣȴǲǰæż޲̿±еʱͻȻһܣǰ΢Ȼǿ΢Ϊʹ㡣
С㣬㲻Ǵ˶֣˺ʰ˵˿Ƭ֮͹΢ЩǱ´СƢˣ˷ƨ˭˵С򲻹
˵͹ɲ֮䣬΢һƣѪ
Ҳûʲô˲𣬲ģʱɱ㣬һɷĻ꣬ʲôطģȻһȥļˣĵ£ȫץĥҪۿһǰǸʱ֪Ƕôµ顣´˿̵ޱȣƺǶͻȻ뵽ĥ˵ķմմϲ
Ǳ߲ػҲ֪Էˣ˿Ҳ߹µ£ɱ֮ǰ뽫Ϊãɵðҡ
ȻҷҲ˭¿һЦ֪ػаͲͲȢˡ
ԱʱͻȻ뵽ʲôã˸ոսдھԵƣȻһֱûʩչףͼ
˵ʱʱ죬Ǳ΢ͻȻһ䣬͵ʩչ׽ֱɱ£һ˲䣬׵֮ɫ䣬ޱȣΪ׽ȻôͣǷֵܵģÿֲǰ˸ովȻһֱʾֻΪڹؼʱʩչ׽
Ҫɱң
뵽һŵĻɢǰ裬ӱݽ棬˽˼㣬Լޱϧ˿׽£Ϊ˲ΪȻǱѹĶá
£һԵҲŵĻɢȻ˽ԼҴСɱˣҲˡ
λ쾳ȥֱֹӳֽɱ
ֻɱˣ֮ܽΣ
ԱߵĲػû뵽΢ͻȻѣһ˽ȻܲǼæһߡ
׽ɼһߡ
Ϊ±ɵʱ򣬱ʱ΢ͻȻһת͵նƴһ±仯˶ʼδ
ֵһӦǻˣԷĿһʼ
ֻʱ򼴱ҲӦ׽ѾǴնͬʱ΢һֱӽնΡ
žž죬׽׺ɷɻҡ
λ쾳ֻͬӥױ׽ɱ΢佣ͻȻնɱ̿쵽£޴ǷӦ
Ϊ΢ǳﻮѾãΪ˿˲׽ɱ΢ɲ֮伤ӵΪˣ΢ڽ
ʣ΢һ±ɱǳĿǰ˵ºͲػסˣ˵Ǹסˡ
ǱΪʮþȣһ쾳ڣһʲôˣ
һʼҲȷˣͬһ׷ɱǵΧ֮¼ûлֵΪˣ²Ų񣬲ŵ⣬žôգΪǰԸĥˣ
Ǿһ˲䣬淭ת
ֻһ·׷ɱֻӴܵȻͻȻ¶Ϊޣǽǿһɱ
ʻ˭˭ܲ£
ʱŵĻûʱȥеϸڣֻӣҪסԼһֱӷհٴ޵ıϣϣŲƳȥ
ֻ֪ˣԷˣҪɱԼҲȻ׾١ػҲˣж˭˲ɱҲȻԽԼնɱҲǲܲˡ
ԹŮ˽ϳһҲֲߵһ
΢Ǻ׷ȥնɱڵȷǺҪ֪߶׽ҲҪļΪԪ֮ոһ·ɱ΢ɱﵣһʼװҪնɱ½ȻͻȻУٴ߶ϼ׽ų˵вӥɱڱ˵׷ɱ£΢վžѾˣ׷ȥƵùҲ΢ԼҪ֪Էˣһͷհٴޣڼ;ƿݵ΢Ƕ֡


ڰ˰ʮ 㸹
ºͲػǷˣٶȼ죬Ƭ֮ѾӵûӰ£հٴޣٶȸǿûߡȴհٴõõֵ˵սұ˵հٴޣԼȥ΢Ҳδܵеù
ȻģȴǴޱȣҲǱ΢һ׽նɱ쾳ֵĿֲƸסˣֻӡ
΢Ҳ˿ղһҲ΢ĵƣǲɣǽΣˣǳˡ
ʱ΢ЩѹƲס֮ǰͬʱǶԼ˾¶ȫǱԷѹŴ򣬵Ȼܴأּݣ΢Уˡټ΢ͻȻΪǸҪ֪Ҫɱһλ쾳ζѣ΢ǽ߾ȫԴ˿΢ѾǺʱ΢֪Σգһֱ΢һиȻͷһᣬֱ˹ȥ
֮ǰƯڿУ˿ʧȥ֧ţͨһ뺣У֮˵ˣ΢亣ֱ֮ӳȥѾǿκεļ
ֹƬ̣֮ǰߵĲػȥ
شԵŮˣ֮ǰػȷǱסˣϼ׽̫󣬴о־壬¶ԷԲػ̾ˣһǺӵһΪ֪Ҫ˵ԹԷµĳ޸Ҫ׷϶ǳ׼££Ѱ·
ŵߣ·ϲػͷӦ˹ԼЩʧˣҲֻǷ˾磬һ½ⶴ쾳ɱȻͰԵ޵дڣֻҪϸһ֪Բ񿴵ô򵥡
֮ǰǱкüΣƣԼͷˣ˾Ȼܳš
ܲԲػԸţԷѾǿ֮ĩɱѾǺľ˾󲿷ڶ;ƿݣԼĴûᣬԼȻΪ־ˡ
ԲػͨһŻܻܲһЩԵͺôһŷѾټȫޡ
Īˣ˵ȥ׷Ůȥˣػû׷ӥޱ޼ʵĺ򣬸κϢ
ػ֪۶Է˻ȥ׷ɱ£˵˼һԼλðա
Ҳûʱ򵥶ϣػûбʤİա
Ͼ֮ǰⶴ쾳ɱˡ
ǻֻȻҿŮˡػȻæһʧ١
¾ֵĳհٴ֮ңʱͻȻвػ
ʱҲ˲ϱˣϣǸɱɱһ·ȥ׷ɱػһԼлӻȥ
ֻҪܻص븮Ǿ´󼪡
ǣǼӿٶȣҸϣģ벻Ҳȥ롣

ˮûô䣬΢˿ں³֮ϣһҴ
ĺˮܶȼСΪСûУˮܶ½ȻƮʲô
˵ֻǸľֶҲûеģκľͷȥ΢˿̾ںУҪˣʱһǿĺװӿֱӴ΢֮ĺε
ʵ˵⺣ˮûʲôرĵطΪ̫ܶСǺˮĳּΪŨңˮһĺ
ֶʮ˵ǿһ֣Ȼʲôڴеĸо΢һơ
ǶЩģҲкݺ㣬˿̱һѹ죬Դϳźü޴ݵĺ˹
⺣峤࣬Ϊ޴󣬹Ƿ΢һȦ֮ͻȻſ죬ͽ΢һ¡
ֺûݣԶһ㣬ȫθ
Ȼ⺣Դ˶΢ô˵Ƿˣϴ·ǷǿףҪǾˡ
΢֮󣬿ʼںε֮ĵش
֮󣬱ιһ޴ĺϿȵʱͻȻһ͸Ϊ޴ıѳݾ֣һڽݺС
νС㣬
֮ѳݾǱ뼫ףʱ򣬴ӺǱͻȻһ޴ޱȵơ
ÿһָɳֱ̣ӳˮץǱѳݾһץסȻ档
һľ޴ޱȵľˣ߳ɣ˿ץԭҲǾ޴ıѳݾ˿̣ͷ·ͨץһһ㡣
ͷվһˡ
˶´磬һ޴ľᷨ˫Ŀۣͷɢɢǿơ


ڰ˰ʮ Եɺ
ǿٶǶ쾳ΪǸˣ̩ɽѪͳԲ˵ľ޴
Ÿ˶Զ·ֶˣһɸֵı飬ǾƺҲˣһֽһ޴ޱȵĿڴ򿪣ոץһѳݾ˽ȥ
ѳݾǾ޴ޱȣ峤ʮɣǰһС㡣ѳݾȥ֮һƣ˿ˡ
ˣ֪һҪأȴһ԰ɣˣȥΧһλ쾳ɸ֣ɣԺ󶼱Զˡ˾һ䣬ӵ̩ɽѪͳľɫ¶㵣Ŀ޺
ͶˣǴһ׼ٲʳˣһ͵صڣʱСһ㡣˵꣬ǰһָǾ˱̤Ʋ㣬ߣȻ˷лҪһЩ˾ȻƶУȻҲĳֶͨΡ
һ·룬һͿƲλˡ
Ʋͬʵʣɹǰλ˶ģ죬еɣͷۣб죬սͯӣ쾳Ϊ޵ͨΪŹаţ˵ԡ硯
ͯλֻͯӹ֣˵ûһģλһɺɣ·һ޴ĺɫ磬ʵʵһʨͷͷۣ̣ͫȼڤͨ˹֮Ϊ̾ͻᱻ
ҲǶ쾳ΪҺͯһԡ硯
λĵ簡ʹ˵˴˿̹һЦǰк
ԦħˡͯһЦʹ˵Ԧħֵͯӣɷħʨ֣˷ΧɱλһĸɣССģϾ˼һĴƽɣöԸ
Ԧħ겻㵨Сˣû˺ôսǳ֣쾳ֶԸһĸɣֻԲӦǰЭĸɱɡֵͯ
Ȼ֪Һܺ棬λöˣ֪ǲǺͽλͬһˣԦħ̽ڷ磬Ȼ˶أһõ
Ŷʴ£ҵǿԸ㣬ûλҲǣ˵ҲˡͯӺٺЦóдһ˿ηͿ־塣
ȴףǰѹԸģǱĳȣУ˭֪һǣһĸɣȻǶ쾳Ҫĸɶ֣˼һоͿԽԼɱ
ȫһȼ档
λ˵ҲΥ磬λ˵ǲΥģͯӵ˾ǲԸ⣬ҲֻܸԦħȻ֮ˣȻҲλʹͬǲС
ˣУǵ̸Ǳλ֪ɡһֱĺɷħ˵ͬſ־塣
Ҳԣβ°ףӦÿңһˡλڴ𣿡Ԧħʱ˵
ԱĸߴʨʱǺɷħ¡
˵Ťͷȫںеĺɷħߵ˵ͷһӣʱһźӳȥǺ䶯Ƭ֮䣬Ȼѿһӡ
˲䣬ѿĿӵӳһɻҰ֮ήΧ
ðԵԦħƤһǱ߾𣿡
ûȻһƬߣǶ쾳ǿԵֵЩ߰ɣҪ顣ɷħ˵꣬صС
棬ʨ֣ͯҲ̶룬Ԧħ̾˿ľ˵ҽȥ
˵Ҳ룬ǾȻϲҲûӣֻǺ֮ء
˽֮󣬺ѿǹرգͷ·ûгֹһ
һ̣⼸λ쾳ѾǵһƬҰ֮ƯŻҽظɺԣһˮûһֲ˵һƬңȣ紵ûκ֮
ԦħǸĴڴвץĻ˿̶Ǳʴ֮ǰ˿̣һЩʵСĻֱ
ѳݾȻӴ󣬵ϾǺ࣬뺣ˮѾҪ˿֮̽󣬸Ǳʴֱӱ
Ѿθθʴˣƫƫе΢ȴӰ졣
Ϊǣ΢ȻǲӰ죬˿ָ֪Ϊ


ڰ˰ʮ 
΢˿˶һҺ嵱У̵΢ǹθҺﻹкܶûĶҲ΢һ档
ڱѳݾθУγһ΢Ļǹ֮⺣㣬һеٶǱƤѪ඼ƤɴСܸϢ
ԼɣԦħЩ쾳ûһ΢Ϣ
˵ǣ쾳Ҳһ
˿΢˹ʵϣѾ죬ǹ֮΢ˣ΢ش㸹Ȼ󣬵ʵȴһĵط΢񹦺Ͱ˻Ѫ񹦣㣬ָҲΪΣƽＫΪټΪٶȼ죬ҼԣΪ΢˲һСıѳݾ̳ˡ
ʱ΢Ҳ˵ûʲô𣬷㸹УСҲνˣֻҪʱָƣڲȥﻹܶҵ׷ɱֲΪ
֮΢Щʼδˡ
Ǿ˾Ȼץס˱ѳݾɿڹ˲̽΢΢ȴĶ
ȻԦħ͵ĶԻһֲ𾪾𾪡
ȻҪΧɱĸɣ
΢֪ĸ֮ǰֵʩ޼һͬս磬˵Ѱɵۣ΢ʲôۣ翴è塣΢ʩ޼ɳȫļϸйϵĸɴʩ޼ȥҪ̯ơ
֮΢Ͳ֪Ϣˣû뵽һʱȥȻֱ仯
˵ģƺĸɱУڱﻮΧɱĸɡ˭΢ʩ޼ʩ޼ӰԵôսĸֹ
棬ȫԷӴ󣬹ӿԽЩаŪô֪࣬򵥡
΢ȻĸģֻԼҲѱ
ΪָΣ
΢ȻѾˣһ£һ˵ȷҺܶ飬ɳĻ΢Կ϶֮ѾвԼԼĿǰΪ͹ȡһִ˵λöпܡ
ﲻɳҲһԵҪȥΧɱĸɵĿͽ
ЩаٶǶ쾳Ϊ΢߳ȥһ󾳽磬΢ոշҲûãڶʱΪ֮ǰԸǸ쾳΢Ҷһ㶪ϼ׽ľ΢Լˡڹĸ쾳֣һˣôܵеù
ңԷҲ˵ˣЩ쾳ҲֻȭѣΧɱĸɵиڡ
иʲô磬΢һ붼ǱȻ쾳ɸ֡ȻĸɶԵУĸһоͿɱȥҲ
쾳Ҳֻܴͣ΢һأȥñ˶֣͹΢һˡ
ӲܣҲУ˵΢ĸɹϵܺãΪ黹΢ðæ
ڵǣΰæ
ͬʱصһط˿Ѿǵҿӣհ˰λãȴһ޴ı
ⱦ⣬ͬ͸ĺɣһĴһۿⱦĸֵķ
ĸɵȻⱦǲô֮ʱտ֮γɵ꣬ټඥƵķ
˿̣ĸɱ޴֮ڣԳԽ󲿷쾳ɵά
⣬һһΧգҪֱƻάЩҽһıֵʩ޼
˿̣ѾǶԵʱ䣬֮뽩ֵУʩ޼ͬĸҲ뿪ʩ޼ͬǣĸ˶Էơ
ĸδʩ޼ҪƶԷҪôҪô併ĴǽɱȻһӶһɳĴ̫
Ҫ֪ʩ޼һɳ֮һλߣҲҲ࣬ˣӰ켫󣬵ĸѾƻˣĵһҲҪάһɳ棬˵ʩ޼Ѱɵ۵ĹбնɱвԽͬ档
ȴû뵽ʩ޼ҾȻǽƾͼƣĸҪԸʩ޼ֺγǽᣬĸɡ


ڰ˰ʮ ⻯֮
ֻҪĸһĿǰһĶ뱻εһ군ˡ
ʩ޼Ͳһĵλɵʧ֮Ҫɵִۣһɳ
ĸɲͬ⡣
ڣԷȻǸˣҪöԷΪִһɳ
ʩ޼⣿
ʩ޼Ұļ󣬶ͺɵйڣֻұֳΪ£ǳ׵ĺһɳĸɡ
ԣȫıƷһɳһĸҪԸʩ޼Ծ˸ƾͼơ
ս֮ʩ޼ͰͬıüıĸչȻͻȻ֣ĸء
֮ڴ˴սգʩ޼Уʩ޼аְæŷɹĸˣĸֻǳѾࡣ
ս磬ĸһַӿ֪֣ͨʩ޼˴ʹѡء
طûķǲܳȥģʱ䣬˳ᢣְ׼ΧɱĸɣȴǺް취ֻܱ
˿ʩ޼ʩչǧάӿ湥֮⣬ʩ޼ԣվһ쾳֡
һȫ淨£˷ǵմɳȡ߰˷λȫ쾳ɡ
˿ҲϹҪƿʩ޼һ֣ͬҲԺ
ǲŻҪȥҰ֡
ĸɣܾѶֺοôִţ糼ǣǱ㲻ȫµɳ㻹ĸ֮Σɾ̾ĸɵΪҪ֪ģʩ޼쾳ΧĸɣȻԽܣǰ֮£֪ĸжֲÿɵʧǧʱܳΪһɳĶ롣
Σ
ѾռϷ磬ǿԮܿ죬лԴԴϵİָԵֵʩ޼ĿըԵֵסλ߰λ쾳ɵΧ
ʱĸɱɡ
ĸȸ˿ϧɲ֮⣬ĸɵò˽֪ģһһ׷ȻǸˡ
ֻϧ˵ʲôеĸɶ˫ĿգһԲ
Աʩ޼䣬ѣעԴǣһĸɣϣɱٳԲѷʩ޼һ㡣
һ⻰вϲҲûзֻЦãȻ޼ô˵Ҳϻˣǵİˣ͸ĸһʹ죬׼ʹʹȥ
ʩ޼ǲٶԣǼӴǧﷶΧ졣
ͨˣ޷ǧﷶΧһ̤룬֤ˣҲ̻ᱻճɷɻҡ
쾳ʩչ
˿УĸھָΪֻԷѡûκ֮ɣ쾳۷壬˿ҪָΪҲ졣
òϷֳάϾ滹쾳ڹ
ȥУĸɴ˿̾˿ʱͻȻ̧֣һתָ
ɲ֮䣬˲㵽ʩ޼ǰ
ʩ޼ɫ䣬˫ĿһһӭľײȻըΧɷΧĵ˲ѣʯɽһȻΪҪһ㣬ֵסĸɵһھ޴ޱȵ֮£ȻǺһ
䣡
ȥȻɢ첻ϣѿѷ졣
ĸ㵯ָơ
˲䣬ĸһֻȴǴ󵯳һ⣬ǳʩ޼󸲻£ʧ١
ߣ޼ѡȻǲˣǳʩ޼޷ֻһ⻯֮˾ˣûʲôˣӳȥһ⻯Σ
һЦ˵˵Ѿûˣҷֳ⻯֮ҲΪҲǺ¡
ĸɴ˿ɲһ̣΢΢۾ϡ

ԶԦħվھͷ֮ͨһū־ˣľ޴ᷨУū۵ħ꣬ǶԵУֶμ࣬ǹ֮ɡ
ͯӵں棬ֻһɽΧƽԭ֮أҪǰһɽ
ʱ͵еĺɷħͻȻԶͼǰͻȻһѷ죬һ޴ħ˽


ڰ˰ʮ һ
׵ˡɷħʱ˵˵꣬ƺӦʲôæá
һ̺ɷħ˦һһ½ħ߽ѿڷסȻ滹ʲôҪһɢȥһѷҲǺϲʧ١
磬ټΪźĿǰʧһѺۣҡͷÿϧֻһұܽУʲôõطˣǰ˵һطأĪǱǸط
ټ㣬ʲôطոѷ쵱̫ǿңͨմϣᱻʴ塣ʱ˵г
һ֮ʲôûеĵطټҲ˵ֻ֣׵Ļƽ类Ǻڷ𣬾ȻԽأ˵ҪΧɱһλһ쾳ɣ˭
룬ټһ˦䣬Ѿǻһʧ١
ء
ھ޴ʬħϵĻƽһ£Ҳö쾳֮ǰȴȫλŮ˵Ķ֣Ǳڷ£׶༪١
Ǻڷʲôƽ統ȻǱ˭
ôֱʣȻ׵ħ˶ˣԦħʱ˵ȻУ׵ĵλǳȻĴڡ
Σ¹ħ֮һϹħ׵Ĺʲô˲𡣡ͯȻܲмΪҲħ˾ۼֻΪԭʼħףΪħ֮ԴǵȻǲ
ͯӣСĻӿУײѰϹħΪ쾳֮ϣ׵ĹٶǺ쾳Ϊ쾳ĸ֣ǲǵġԱʨּæ˵
ͯһҲѹвͬʨ˵󣬸Ҳ࣬ȴûһܴﵽ쾳Ĵڣ쾳Ǹǲˡ
λѣոճʲôˣԦħȻϵûƽ磬˿ǰѯʣƽһ⼸ˣǵҲԸһĸɵİɣ·һŮɣõףһĸ֣ҿΧļƻѾй¶ȥˡ
ףԦħȻ֪ʲôףǾͼʶϾޣֻкɷħһѿڶףû
Цܿűˡ˾ȻԼƽһˬʱͻȻһ
ֻƬ̣ƽıǱ仯Ȼ¶η֮ɫ䣬ƽ˺ٲվ
Ԧħͯӵ˶Īʱͻ͵еĺɷħȻͻȻ֣ʩչħצͯӺʨ֣̫ͻȻֶκޱȣħצǽͯӺʨĿץƣһ̣ͯӺʨ־ֵɫУɷħ˳˫ֻźڡ
Ѫⱻ˺죬Ϊˡ
һԦħʧɫӦҲ죬Ҫ룬ûüǱ߻ƽѾ͵Ϯ֣âӡԦħϣû뵽Ȼ͵ϮܣӲ⼸ơ
ҲǶ쾳˿֮ȻǶãоֵͬʱҲɻȻ벻ףΪǺɷħͻƽɱ͵Ϯǡ
֪ĿϧֻôͿƽЦЦһ̣һźӿֱӽԦħҲɵˡ
˿Ǻɷħûʵ壬ȫǹŹֵĺɾΣҲһá
λ쾳˿̾ɱһʱֻ֮ĳֶѪֲޱȡ
ƽǹվһԣͷһ˿֮ɫ
ãǺ۳ΣǺɷħӡϸԿУȻ˴֮
Щ֮ȻǴͯӻԦħǿȡģ˿̱ɷħƵУΧʮֵĸ롣
Ͼ֮ͬͺڰܹһ㣬ȻΪ棬ͬʱ֡
ΪΪһֶ״̬ͬʱ֣
˿̣ɷħȻһץһȻһּΪµ䷨Ȼǿн뵽ԦħǸڡ
߲ǺɷħĶ֣˿̱䷨סãֻڡ
裬ٸԳɡʱ򣬴Ӳʬħڴһһ˾ȻǴӲʬħӵ
˳֮󣬺ɷħȻǻһźüģͷ·ɷħڵһ


ڰ˰ʮ 
ƽһˣæǰ
²μˣƽޱȹǰ˴Ӳʬħ㣬ȴаЦ֮䣬ѾǴһ׺³ۡ
磬ɣֵܣ˽ô˿˵ֵҷֳħٰǺɷħҲֻƭˣҲ࣬쾳ϵĸֻ̫ˣСƭԦħҲǿһ
ʱƽҲֺһˣΰ죿
ǹֵҶ˵ˣ˽һֵܣҽԪͿԡ
ǣǽԪܵܣǸƽʵ
ȻᣬҽȫһභֻʩֶΣͽȫƭأֻҪһ˿ֱ쾳Ϊ磬㻹ǲǵõֵܶڼǶôô꣬ĸ۰ǣƫƫǰһȫĻ쵰˻Ǽ縡飬ߺֹǧǵĸΪ˱ǣѹˣȺ߸ϵأֻϣûһۡԶˣǷĸϣΪ˵ֵܻĸ״ˣûгԺȣûϣҪʱĸ״͵͵ϵιǡ
˵ɫŭһԻƽҲǸͬܣԪܵܣĸ״ΪҲ֪֪ģĸ״ҲˣΪѾûɸˣΪǻĸ״һУǸʱ飬Զˡ
ûҪȥҪǰ߸ϵˡ˵ֵ֮꣬ҲþףʱĹΪӣιҶҲֻʱιʱѾ࣬ҲΪһɵ۶ˣģֱԬ̿ˣҩɾȡǣǱҪ֮ףһ붫ħڣ͵ѧԬ̿Ƿ˼ֻͨϧѽħڽĪаȴѰټûϵʦĳͽܱҲУΪѧгɣ͵ϮĪаû뵽Էܷңˣѧ׵ħתѾˣҲΪˣ˷ôʱ䡣һƽԪǽԬ̿ħڴѹȥҪȫһĳͻǣ׹λҶˡΣҪ֪˺ͷһҲԿ־塢ҲʹࡢҲԾ˵꣬Цֹ׺
ԪܵܣֻҪΪĸҶʲôԡƽҲһ͡
Ǳ߻ƽԪ˿ŵǱһĸɺȫһʱֲʤУ˵ǸŮҲ֪һֻɵ۶ʹ֮ɵҿѾɣһŮӣ֪ʵҲӦˣֻһɳϰˣˣжԶӶԶΪǺ쾳ĸֻ֣쾳ûⷨŻûҸطǽġ£һҪʽι˵ǿԳ׵ĶˣΪʱ쾳֣ɱ˭ɱ˭ʱһȫж٣ɱ٣Ȼȥ˶һȫеĵ̣ǴӴʱұɱħһ֮λ
ǣƽҲǼޱȣֵܶ˿˵ܾ꣬ѣлᱨ
ǵĿֻһǳ׻һȫ
Ƕ֮˵ЩҲǷйжԹ֮ѾûˣЩ˵Ҳ޷
Ȼǻƽ绹ǻƽԪû뵽ﲢûˣΪһ㸹ڵ΢
㸹ԸһϢ΢ǿģԸոջƽԪƽֵܵĶԻһֲ©ڶ
еȻǲöᣬ΢ôҲû뵽ħħƽԪȻҲڣҴ˾Ȼ׵Ĺǳﻮһϵе顣
ƽԪ΢ʦĪа֪˵ޱȣû뵽ԷȻס
ף΢˽ⲻֻ࣬ӵ϶ħ֮Դ˶ѣһΪصĵطֲþʱħڵħĪаҲ鲻ƽԪ΢û뵽ǣƽԪѾǶ쾳Ϊ
ϸ룬ƽԪһʼΪҪ߹ԼҴΪķʽҲǷ˼ռ壬ԴΪȫͳ֮ΥħУַΪĶ֮١


ڰ˰ʮ ׳н
д˿̣ȫһ˶ɱΣأƽԪռƣҪʲô
΢û˵ƺ׵ֶͨΡʱ΢Ǹ֮ľ˷ƺߣȻ΢ܸܵڳܾ޴ʹࡣ
ʱ΢Ҳ˵ǳأ˵ƽԪƽ쾳֣΢ͶԸˣ΢ȻѾ֪ƽԪĿģǿ϶ǲöԷóѣ֮Ǳ˵
棬ƽԪ˿ûиӦ㸹е΢˿ȡеķһӳķ󣬻ƽԪվ룬䷨˲䣬𣬰һɹɺڻĹâ۵ƽԪͷγһ޴ħۡ
ħȻöɣȴǻ֣ϵת˿̴ħ۵һߣעǾ˶ǸСһ̣˰ΪȴǶá
Ҫأû¯Ⱦ֮⣬쾳ֵѪ꾫Դһڣɳɡǧ򻯣֮ѪѪ꣬쾳ֶƥУû֮ħǿͨɣֻһ˿ҲԻٵһȫڶ֣ʱЩ֮ʱ޵СƽԪʱһЦӿٶȡ
֮ҪɲУһΪõ쾳ԻƽԪ֮ǰû
ҪѵõĲϣҲҪѴʱռܣɾͬƽԪ˵һǿ޵¡
΢˿̶ҲŻƽԪ˵Էе䷨΢Ҳʱ΢Ȼǽ䷨£Ժó
ʱȥ΢ҲѾָ߰˰ˣûд󰭣΢һñƽԪ֣Ҳǹ㣬Ȼ΢ǲ־֮ù쾳ֵġ
΢ĵǣҲڣټ֮ǰ񹦺Ͱ˻ѪҲһֹѪָƣԹѾʣ࣬һȫڣ΢Ҳ¶ˡ
ֹȥƬ̣΢ͻȻƽԪȫĳ͵ˣ磬⻯֮ȥǣע⡣
ģڣ߾ɰġ
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ƽԪ˵꣬ſһ磬³һȻֻûɺɷħӣһŲѾʧ١
ˣ㸹е΢ʱһ
Ӳһֱȥһ㱻ѳݾθҺʴ΢֪ԼȻ¶䱻Լ
ƽԪֳǺɷħķȻΪģͻȻϮɱһⶼԽ
΢Ҳ֪ƽԪ˼ΪթԼ͵ϮҲδܳɹ΢Ҳ뷨ƻԷȻǰȫˡ
˿΢ѾĿھ£ھӦһ£΢ѾԸоǾڵ
ûֻͣҪƻͿԽǻûг͵ٵһ΢׼һûлնɱƽԪȻٵеԶ߸߷ɡ
ȻʱðպãϾƽԪ廹ڣлƽһԡƽԪֳ⻯ΪȻټͻȻ𣬳ɹĻʻǺܴȫˣ΢ὫûȫڵĹƤߣֿԸϢıֻҪŲƣͿ԰׷
һж׼׵͵ȴʱˡ
ƽԪֳɷħ֮󣬼ŲѾǵһյأﻹһѷûкϣλ쾳ɸոսأȫͻӹ˫ӡɽԼةȽɸ֡
ƽԪԹ֮ǰӭ
λǰˡ
ͺϵɷħ˵ͷǻӦԱӹȻ鲻̫ãʱüʵʲôˣħһͲʲôö
Ц֣Լˡ
ӹһҲͲˣǰӻң˵׷˸ɱˣӹһٺңȴҲԷ˿鵱Ȼѣλ쾳Ҳ֪ӹ⼸ŻҲû̬ȣᴥùͷ
ɷħʩ޼ģʱʵ
ǰѾȺλǰʱƽԪ˵Ȼǰ·
ֻƬ̣ƽԪǻһͣȴΪ֪ԼǱ߳ˡ
һߣ΢Ҳڵȵ˻ᣬȻǾͻԥִСʩչֶΣƤ˲ȡ£ײѳݾĶӣײƿڴ棬ֻ˲䣬Ǳ߻ƽԪж΢һҲ֪Ҫ͵ϮԷѾǲܣǴһ޽ڣŲƳȥ
ʣһθ׳нʱĸոպá


ڰ˰ʮ 
׷ƽԪôһԶƽŲ׷˳ȥ
ƽԪûո΢ĽѾھŰҪ£ƽԪջҲκ춯һһЩ׼ȫ׷ˡ
ڻƽԪ˵شֻһ߳ȥпڶʱͻƵ쾳ֻӵܽѾصȫһȫɱȡǵһУǿ׳
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ʧܣǺһоͶ̸
ҪҲֲûƽԪżͽţոѾ΢΢ǣҲܷѾҪɵȥ׷
˵ҪԲһʧ
΢Ҳ򵥣һ޽ɲǺҶΪ֮ǰ΢ôãѾǶ˽⡣
ǿдⲿƻδؿԳɹΪлƽԪһԣǻһַӣһǿɱ֣ҪɱеˣΪгǽͳűȡǿӲֶιȥȻ۽ܹһ
һַӣǾǿɱзȽƭôͿͻƳǽķֱ
˿̣΢õӡ
һ޽Ǽ˾ĿھҲ˵ھǴǳŵĹؼ
ʱ򣬿ͻһз˳ǣͻȻ¶¿ɳɡ
΢ӣлƽԪһԣһ޽ö֮Ľڣǽ뵽С
һ̣ͻȻ΢޽ɱԣͬȺͻ¶צȻ󡭡ûȻˡ
ƽԪķѪռϣɷѿƵûгͣͱ΢һ޽Ƶ
ۻƽԪֹ޼£ı
ƽԪѾ²ΪʱѾҪˣ˭ʮ꣬ȫ֮һ̶
ֻǻƽԪϾѰһߵ죬Ĳ
ʱ쭺壬Լ뱻˿ֳ⻯ɷħʲô춯Ȼó͵ɣʱһǼ쾳ʶʲôҲӦԲ
Ѿ޷ƣһ壬Ҫߣ۽Ҳͣ£ȫһƴһ֮뷨ġ
ƽԪȶı˿ҲŲ׷΢һߣ⻯ɷħ˿̼ΪȻĵλǰһĸǱ춯ǰȥ
һ֮ǰʧ̬иɻ͵֮ǰȷɷħͻȻķӦԷԣĻΪʩ޼Ǳ߳˲ӣԼæǻϻ·
ɷħֻǼӿٶȣ˸˹ȥ
һߣ΢˶յֱŲơÿһŲƣԳȥǧ֮⣬ŲƣѾڽӽǧĵط
΢֪ʱֻж̶̼ϢǷֳһ⻯ŲƳȥͬʱ΢Լ£һ֮УƤϡ
΢ոսƤǺãͷУƽѾ²̽
һ΢񣬿˵ɰܾڴһ٣ƽӦһǱ΢ֳȥ⻯Ų׷ȥ
΢׼һʱһŲƹѾҪ裬ɱڵĻƽԪ
ƽԪ֣΢ЦЦ
ԭܼ򵥣Էû˵ԼûƻƽԪŭޱȵ׷˵Լɹˡ
ƽԪ˵ô΢沢ûпŵĳɷ֣˵ȷͬһ㣬ɱеͨ
ƽԪԲٻƽԪܶƻóѣڣ΢֪ѾǽƽԪһ·׷һȻǺ£ʣƽԪ˿̾Ǻ޲ýԼƤǡ
ڣ΢Ǵ򲻹ѾǶ쾳ĻƽԪֻܶ㣬ͿǹƤЧˣ޷ԼϢ΢֪Լˡ
ǹƤؼʱ˴ãƽԪҲͬûв˿̺޲Ҫɱ˾²ɵλá
ͬƽԪҲǱ΢ոշֳȥһ⻯ϢȻɱŲ׷ȥ
΢ĳ˿Ȼ֮ǰξ˹ȥڣ΢֪Լʱǰȫˡ
ûвľֻɳʯ΢˿̲ĵطһƬɳܸɺԵʱ̫ԵնԶȥͬ䳲һ㣬Ȼʺϲ
΢˿ʼĴʱͻȻһ
΢ôڴ˴


ڰ˰ʮ ĸ
ͻȻ΢һʱŷӦ֮ǰֻŶأû̽ΧҲΪ΢ǱʶΪﲻб˴ڡ
Ȼ
΢͵Ļͷʱ׼׽΢ɳ棬΢һӰʱӰΣһӺݻ־˫Ůӡ
֮΢һ㶣Ӧæǰ
¹΢ĸɴˡ
΢Ӱĸ֮ǰֻȥ⻯
ĸʱӦһ̵˴˵ĵط
˵꣬һɳȥ΢״Ҳæϡһֱ£߹հƣ֪ɳȻǬ֮󣬵һĴĵ¶Ѩ֮ͣ
ĸվ֮󣬱ʵ΢ңȻѾɹʲô£
΢һҲ֪Լôʲôط뻹Ǿͷ˵𣬱ⱻǵ͵ս翪ʼ
ȻһЩҪǲ˵Ĳ΢ԹȻǴԽҲ˵ȥˡ
Ҷĸɣ΢ʮεģ˵΢ôΪ͹λҲΪͶ뵽ĸһϵУҪĸӻܶյľ΢ҲδܰȻȹ
΢ĸǼȹָм΢ǽĸԼĳ
ܶྭ΢ҲǽʮףĸҲ΢΢ݣȻ΢һϵоԳƵǾʾף˵쳣΢ΪߣãǾԹġ
΢ĹĸҲľ˿¶Ȱ֮ɫ΢µĪҪˣӲԾĥѶҲδػǰ㣬ܻԵɺ֮ĹѾ컯ˣһܵõϼ֣ĻԵܵõף˵еĻѾӰҿǱ»ƾ׻
΢һǾһҪ֪΢ĴΪ˶һʱ䣬ϸ룬Щӣû֮쵷Һ˵˵΢֪ԼܲܰǶӣҲΪˣ΢ŽӿҪ
˿ĸ˵¿ܷ׻΢ȻǼޱȡ
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ƺǻ£ĸЩ΢ȣԭĹɸеľŮʬȻ
΢֮ǰ˵Ǻ;ŶһȥսѰɵ۵ټû뵽
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ĸ΢ɻ󣬱ټѾɣɵ۶ͨסһ˿꣬תǬͨȫ꣬룬ǧʱټӦѾ޸ȻΪ˭ֲ֣˭ȡǾҪ֪Ƿ֮ӵ֮ͨټΪǺ쾳ҶҪһ磬ɵһףо𣬸һһˣҲֻܸ׵ӣҪλҲǲܣϾλҲͨΪǾͲһܾȻͨ˵ĻӦûûġ
΢Ūô£֪Լôˡ
Ȼ΢֮ľҲŹ쳣ܽҲǻԵɺϣȻ΢ҲƽԪ֮µĸҲǳ˼ѡ
˵ǸƽԪҲʶ˵ģ˵ȷһ۴Уһ֮ȫһŪڹƣһ֮ǰûκβ˵˵ǵȷײط˵޴󣬲ǻƽԪưոݡĸʵ˵΢νĪҲƻļƻܷһ
ǵҲǡĸЦЦ΢ʱʵĸˣ߾ô£ֵʩ޼Ƿ𣿡


ڰ˰ʮһ Σ
ᵽʩ޼£ĸɫȻ
ԭܼ򵥣ʩ޼һˣҹΪ˵Ѿվһɳ㡣
ƫƫһˣȻһȫµȻʧ͸
ûҲֻǻҪνսĻ̽ʵģսнնɱȻһɳһʧֻ̫û뵽ʩ޼ҲҵļƻȻǽƾͼƣأΪǿͬȫһΧҡǶ˶쾳ɣһʼ͵Ϯʧ˸ǶҲδסҡҽأҪָҲɽ裬ò˵Ǵһֺ̣ϧ̰ʩ޼Ȼ֪Ǳ׵ĹƽԪˣǿЦ
˵ĸԳһЦЦдŰգУҲƾʧҲڳЦʩ޼ȫ㾡ͷȴǱƶ֪
ҵİҲӦҪˣȲ˵ƽԪʩ޼쾳Ǳ߼ֲ˶áĸ˵һ˿Σҷֳ⻯Ҫûзͻأ˴عΪǿͻƣҹѣֹۡ
΢˿Ҳ֪ΣֻԸҪֹۺ֪ܶ࣬¿ܾȻʱѾ˺ܶ࣬ҲһЩ仯˿ĸûеȴǴĸˣ㻹¹٣¹ٽ߾ܣҲҪĸʧ
㣿ĸҲǱˣ΢˵ʵƽߣΪˣû֮һ·ʽһɳĳλܼΪ񣬲λܵټһͬս磬ҲǴӴѶȫޣܻΪڣôɵ۲ڣҲ˸ҶһɳȫҲҷϧλѶȫޡ
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ڰ˰ʮ ӲͷƤ
΢ûмɵۣĸ΢ٰɵֻҪĸǾԿƭˡ
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ⷨӱðգڶģĵЩ쾳ֶɵ۵η壬ĵɵ۱
ʱ΢ĸɵ۵ģͬʱĸʩչԼɵ۵ò΢ȡʦʣٿջơ
һ΢ͨȻԱī컯ƾջĸҲǾޱȣȻĸļʶ㲩˿ʵ΢̿
΢֪Լһʦĸʹϣ¹ٲûм̿ȴǵõ̿񻭴С
ĸһҲ۾һͷ̾ҪۻԵᲢۣҪ֪̿һɣȴƾΪ쾳֣⻹ڰ˰ǰڱ̿Σұ㲻֪ˣ̿ʱҲɽ磬һʱɳϯʦ񻭵һǴԱ̿ɵûʧ֮ǰҲԱ̿Ƴмӣ䡮ʦһأһʺīȾ졯̿ΪһЩ鴴ħڣҲṳ̂ɳʦܴﵽ֮һҲû벻΢Ȼ˱̿洫ɷˡ
΢Ҳû뵽Ȼĸԣ̿ȻںܶǰǺѧɾȴǳ˲ҲǼѡ
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ȲλˣΪ˽Щʩ޼֪ԼԲɵ۵Ķ֣ɵ۳֮̽ԷԿԷûС
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ԷȻͻȻ֣΢ĸ֪ƽԪǲϧɷħ̽һ΢ٰɵ޷˲佫նɱȻ¶ڣʩ޼˵ǣ϶Կ⡣
ⲻĸ֣ĸǳ֣Ҳ¶ڡ
Զʩ޼ҲһĻפ㿴쾳Ҳһ΢ĸû뵽ؼʱ̳˲ӣһˣĪǽλΪƽԪһ


ڰ˰ʮ 
ͬ΢ϣƽԪʱҪúɷħ̽һɵۣǲɵۡ
ƽԪ˽թޱȣͻȻðɵкܴĻɣȻɹ黳ɣʩ޼ӦϤɵ۵˶ûпκ⣬Ǳλɵһ仰ŵĵͷӣ˵ɵۿġ
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ټܲ΢Ҳ̷ʣ˭
ĸһ˵ҲǿЦãʱ˵ʱæϵȱ˵ﲻ˵ĵطټãνģǵ뿪˴ʲôȥ˵


ڰ˰ʮ 
ĸȻ֪ټͿ΢ɵǼٰˣټɵ۵ϤһۿҲŲټȻʱã΢֮ǰĽĸѾ³ټõ壬Ӧþ΢λ£΢Żᷴ˭
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ߣ·֪һͨⲿĿռ϶ټҲ˵ֱӷǰ·΢ٰɵۺĸǸں档
ʱټһСʵټ㣬ѵɵ𣿡
ǣټҡͷͷһۿȥȷһģһ˵ķʽҲκë̽Ҳ©ߣȷǣΪҵûнϳɵۣϲң˵壬ǻһɵ壬Ҳϳ
ҲǵͷνϬһͨ˼ȻٵģҲȻ㶼κ
˵ûһҪúʣҽȻ֪һˡټ˵꣬ӿٶȣŲƹȥѾǵһΪصϿȣһ޴̸ڣΪŹ֣΢صеһμľһֻɶ೤һɶĿռѷ졣
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ټһ߳ȥĸ΢Ӱת΢ʱ̧ͷһѾǵ֮⡣
һƬ̧֣ͷȥӦûޣǸո߳ģȻһ޴Ŀľ
ԭˣĸһľ֪ôˣµľأɳأԹͨ磬ͨȷԽأã֪ľģ
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΢ˣпϲǰ£㣿
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ȻټҲϳ΢Ҳ۾һ૵ֲôҶû
ĸʱҲæ֮ǰΣǽ΢ϼüðɵΪЩ˵ļƻټҲһ£㣬ƻ̫ðգܰ߸쾳ߣȷƾ֮ǰɵҵƣжһξͿ£Щ쾳ҲɵӣѾʶˡ
ټ˵Ĳַˣȷֻһʱ֮ЧֻҪ΢һ£ܿ⡣
磬ɵۣܷ뿪ˣɵһ֮ͿԽ׷նɱ
ڶûж϶è塣
󸡢ͺ˫ʱѾǲԾǷز鿴ʶ˼ıʩ޼Ȼ;òԾҲҶģǲһȥġ
ǧһ΢Ǽʱʱ΢Ҳºټе֪ǵ飬֪µǿټǿľؾ۵֮΢Ҫټһݡ
΢ȻҪмټѾ΢Ҳһֱʹ൱С
ټס΢ҺǸȡ裬ҪһЩ飬ûбҪлңңлл㽫ôȻҲ֪ҪĹеȶá
΢һʣĹɸһŮʬӦþټģΪԼ
΢һʣҲ룬ҲܣҲ룬ô˵Ҳһ֮һ׺;𣬶ʢʱڣǺ쾳֣ҵԪɲֹǧ꣬һɣһɢΪҵ겻֮̽СմȾɣɵķѪҾۻѾϣллȻãǧžһҲɢ
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ټʱɫȻȻҲ˵ɵʧѳǧ꣬ʱգСմȾ֮
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Ͼɵ쾳֣֮ϵĴھǷëǣ˵˿ԽɵɱУǼλҲѾ£пܣɵҲǴ֮ŴӴѶȫޡ
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ʱټĸһ˵˵Ĵص飬΢ҲôչȥΧ̽
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νأֻԺϵµ˺ʿ
ʶһɨ΢֪ΧﷶΧ֮Ӧûʲô޺޴ڣ⣬ǾͶˣвǿһڣʮۡ
ͷһۻ˵ã΢ʮΣ»Գң鷳ǣټ¹һ壬Ҳûӵ˵ܳʱ䶼޷Ŀǰ״
΢Ǳĸ֣΢߹ȥĸ֮ǰʩ޼͵Ϯϻ˽ɸټþܽҪһʱգʱͷڰ֮⻤
΢֪ĸأ֮ǰһֱӲţȷҪˣȻǵ֮΢ͷ
Ϊڰ֮⣬΢֪ܿܽҪþעڣһ޴ƣ΢һȻס
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΢ߺټֵãһһᶯͨҽˣҪί˯ա
Ȼܾͬ⣬ټ̶ͨµ갲롣
ĸʱټֵã֧΢⣬ΪҪꣿҪ˵ɣ
ټͷǽ㣬һͿҵ˼ȷһ֪㣬أԲ֧΢á
£ĸ
Ϊβ棬һὫ΢ټʱһ䣬ĸһ㶣ȷ;ЩŹ֣Ͼ΢׵ȷЩںˣΪҪµȻҲѾ㹻ٸףֱһӵΪǷ˱һСС飬ԼҼҵȫ͸Էһ
ҵȷ֣ΪΣĸѯʣʱټչȥĸ˵˼仰ĸɫ䡣

΢˿һ޴ϣҲȻԵãܷ׻΢˵Ҫ飬ȻΪټ¹һ޷΢ʱ⣬ֻҪ°Ȼ㹻ˡ
ʱ΢ͻУһΧϵߣеĴɣɣеֻĴָϸҶ֮䡣ʵ΢ӸղžͲЩ߿ˣ΢ĿǰΪЩߡ
ЩȻޣмִĿԿѾǣҲ΢򵥣ֻΧεҿ
ʱһͨɫһľ߮΢̧ۿ˿Ѿǰ׽٣ѾɣǺϵ硣
ֵҲվڶ˵ĴڣιΣһڷӣ΢һݣһ֣߮ߣŸ׵΢ǰ
΢ˣԼڵһƬӦЩĵ̣ԼͻȻȻǽסˣǱʾ
΢һЦĸˣȻΪЩҪ֪ӼѺͲף΢Է֮Ҳʶ֮ȻǰƽȣҲԳΪˣ˵ЩֻԼˡ
΢ЦȺһ£ȵɾߣ赣ģʲôʲôôô
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΢ȡһζܲΪޣԾ󲿷΢˵ԣûȻǰ˸飬˸⡣
տʼգ΢Щӡ󲻲ỵ̈ͨһϸɳ˵ÿ״򲻶΢ʮ죬ҲЩ˼վͽס


ڰ˰ʮ Ыĳ
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΢룬㴫һɷ֮󣬿ɿںɱУԾһСɽ
գС̱ÿѧ΢Ҳ˲٣С̵֣΢ġ
˵ڶʮ죬΢С̲ҵ΢΢һ㶣չȥʮϰСӦ˲Ŷԡ
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죬̫ˣ˸Ӧ
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ûҶ˸һᣬñ˵ԴСԼԼΪˣԶһһȣ˵Էһ·
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Χʯأɽ羰Ҳ֮أԶȲڵĸ֮ء
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û˭ԺҶԿ෴֮¹Ӳд˭жҲûӡ
ҳзʿǧ˲٣Ȼ˲࣬ȴǸⱧţɺ͵ƽΪ졣˿һΪֿɺ͵ƽһһ˱ȥһȺˣһǿĴһ迾֣ԵĲֺ
˵˰ǾʹȥʦǸСƤģȻҰ춾һҵֻ˭Ҳҡһ߳һۡ
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һ·΢ǹ¾սͬЩˣ֮ɺ͵ƽæ΢治һܾȳۡ
ʦɻˣԳöζأۿ΢ҲЦͰ΢קԣһ迾


ڰ˰ʮ ֮
΢һ㾫ܳܺȣ֪ɺ͵ƽʱ˹չ۵ģǶҲڵգΪһ֪۲Ȼ֮֡
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΢Ҳǽȣ˵ΪԳΪһصĽɫĸ˵Ǻ֮ķӣȻҪȥ֪ú¡
ɽ֮ϣ׼׵ҲˣҲǿյء
Ǻ֮ŵͨٶ쾳ɸֲʩչǺ֮ţڶʱԽͨͬĸ붯̫ңԶǻøʩ޼֮ǰȥʩ޼ȥ֮꣬ʰˡ
㣬Сһ㣡Աټһ䣬ʱҲҿ
ĸ׼׵֮ʩչͨ
ǬӡǺ֣ӡų̤һʮһǬ䡣ĸ˵˫ֽ˽ɷӡ֮䣬ɫ䣬ɽΧȻ˲仯ӿֳһƬǿգ߲죬Ͳأޱ޼ʡ


ڰ˰ʮ ض
ĸҵ飬ӡ˫ִ⣬һ𣬳һţͨǺӡ
ţĸһ̤ţټ΢ҲϵϣȻĸǰߣֻһ̤ٻͷѾңԶޱߣֻܿƴСһ鸡߼ȻѾǿˡ
΢ޱȣϣһʮˣֶͨΣ֮ǰķв֪˶١и¶ģΣòĸǺ֮ŵ̸ͨԼֱ̫ˡ
΢ϣֻоĿʱһǿҵϮ΢̸оβȣЩš
Сģǧţһ;£˵ʧ쾳֮ҲԳܣҲ塣ǰĸһ΢æסΣǷ缫󣬺Ϊ΢һץʱһǿϮ΢һȣۿҪţʱֻоһץס΢֣Ӳ
ᣬ£ȻҲټ΢ſ϶¡
˿ºټһ壬ҲԶ쾳ȻǿԽ΢ס
΢ҲǳûסΣӹһ١
ǰпϮкü΢ЩŲסҲһһǰߡ
ʱټڰн̸
ãһ±ãҪһֱţϾҲиоġ
ټ㣬΢ҷʱϮʱһʧ죿
ɡ
㣬ûأҶģ¹طҾá
úãĻС
ǣʱ±һֱ΢ǰ˵Դ֮΢û˽ĽӴҲǸ˲ѡ
ֻǾʱͻȻҡ𶯣ǰĸЩΪΪ̣콫Ϊҡ
⻰ټǴһĸڣ˰ĸάţ˼ǰߡ
΢㣬Ѿ߳ǧֱ࣬似ֹƬ̣ټȹΪĸάתҲûֶ֧áʱǿŵһͷ
һƬȻĵطȻǶݡ
ʱĸټҲֲ֧סҲҡҡ׹
΢ĸټͬʱ΢֪ΣʱҲֻӲͷƤϣǽԼ󲿷Ϊĸڡ
֮΢ֻоһҡҡ׹ȶ
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ĸʱһӿŲټ΢ҲȫܣûٴҡΣ΢ʱЩģô˵ҲǷˣȻֻǼôһ΢ΪԼֵٳһЩ
ⲻ֪΢ΪάƬѾĸټΪԾǱΪ΢ֻǷˣǽ߾ȫҲֻάϢʱ䣬ʵϣոάϢ
˵һķ˵УһģҲԲᳬ΢֮һ
ȻоҲûж˵˿ǶأѾ쵽ͷǿ첽񱼣ǧһű֮ǰԾ¡
ǿתѣٿѾǽ̤ݡ
̶ʱȻǴ޵ﶫݣͨ似΢мʱҲ̲סֱǰĸˣǿ֮ŵܲܽң
ҽ㣿ĸһӦǺЦﻰǲһѿڶסˣãҽҲУ»ʱ򡣡
΢ͷȻ֪ڲʱ򣬲ֻҪĸӦá
˴ӦɽĳʱԶ⣬Ƭ֮͵˽ǰӣǼѲ˾Ѳɹ١
Ǻų֣ȻȻǻᾪˡ⼸˻Ϊʲôǿ֣һĿɿڴ
ټΪһ壬ǵȻûҲʶĸһɳ˵˲ʶ΢Ҳ˲ʶ˿̼λڳѲɹٶסˡ
Ӧ֮󣬼Ѳɹټæ
ĸ𰲣
ݼִˣ
Ȼ񣬲⼸ѲɹٶɫΪŹ֣Ȼлĸεʵôˣ
һѲɹټæǰֵأ˵˵ĸѾɡ
ĸһɫ䣬ʵʩ޼ģ
ǰգֵ˻г졢λǰȥŶˡѲɹʵûдǰлع
˭ĸһɫһ䣬һټҲɫ䣬ŮһۣӸп˱˴˵𺳡


ڰ˰ʮ Ŷ¯
ãʩ޼ҪȥȡŶ¯ĸʱ˵ټҲǵͷһ㣬Ŷ¯ǿٵʱȡ֮ƬƶɵľŸɶ¯ɵйе֮ɵӦ˵Բ䵽ʩ޼
ûСˣҲǺζȻܴôͻصҪȡŶ¯Ҳ򵥣˵ڣкӣΪŶ¯ôȡ𣿡ĸ˵꣬ԱټŶ¯ȡҲòȥŶ졣
ĸͷһǼѲɹ٣̵ȥͨɹ٣ǵ켯ϣ˵ֵʩ޼ȫӽ𣬳ȥֵ֮λΪɣ˿֮
˵꣬ǴһɷԼ档
·ȥ˵ʩ޼̾ͻΪһɳĵˣĸλ⣬Ȩġ
ȻûƾʵҲ·ȻĸԿ϶ʩ޼ķѣԴ˿ĸԥ´顣
ǼѲһҲĿɿڴ˭뵽鷢
ǿֵ֮һΪȻı֮
ȥĸǳһǼѲɹ̷Ӧæӹĸͷ󺹵Ļȥ
⼸Ѳɹ뿪Ժĸ΢ҲһȥŶ졣
΢ͷʵɳɽһ߹һ죬󲿷ɽ죬Ѱ˲̤ġ
Ŷ죬΢ûȥ˵졢춼ҪĪ⡣
ĪǾŶĵҲֻˣλĴڣģ֪͸ˡ
Ȼ΢ҲȥŶ쿴
иոĸټ˵ʲôŶ¯ʲô
ǺȻʩ޼ҲðջҪȾָ
ߣĸӶ伱æǷֳһ⣬΢۰ڣټҲֱŶȥ
֮ǰڵǳ죬˿һֱȥһ·ͻƴԴѣûöѾϵŶ졣
ھŶڴһɱڵɷס˾ŶţȻǽȥҲ
ɱڵɸŻһͨķ˻ԣ˿ĸټڳȻѲǡ
ֻȻɷûбô򵥣ɷţҪҪƵɷʲôӽɷ߽ҿʩ޼֪
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Ȼɷֲֵµģһֹ˽룬ȻҲһ¶Ȼ⾯ʾɷһԣԴߡ
ɷʩ޼µģҪƿѰ쾳ɳУǿнҿƿɷ˾ָʩ޼ľĸͻȻɱ
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Ŷֲܲȥ
ʱ΢һߵŶɷ֮£΢ĸټһæ΢ɷɱڣΪԲɡ
΢Ȼ֪ȴбķӣԲƿɷʩ޼š
ʱ΢Ҳͣȡʦʣɷı֮ʻһţóͨȴûдɷһĻĸټĿɿڴĸ΢ǵõ̿ĴУҲǵͷʦȻȻá
΢ʦֶƾտһŶţʩ޼ֶξĸټûУӦǾ仰ںǿںʱ
΢ʦͨʱʺϵġ
˽Ŷ졣
Ŷɽ֮һ޴ԶսνЩᲢ۵ģڼԶһɽ˿ǻ죬ӿ档
ͬһɽ
ãŶ¯Ҫˣߣĸ״æʩչͨŲƹȥټٶȲִ̧һ⣬΢Ҳһϡ
쾳Ϊ֮¼˲Ϣת˲
Ǵɽ֮ϣſǰڶһ꣬һʩ޼ȫɣ棬ӵأ֪
ǽ£ɽ飬ŰƺǾɽ֮ʲôҪɽһĻĸüͷѾһ֣Ҫǰæʱ¡죬ɽֱӱ飬ŵ˲ƾŶ񷣬ʧ١
ˣʩ޼ҪȡŶ¯֪޷ȡƿӡ߾Ŷ¯Ҫɽˣĸ˿ʩ޼նģ˵ʲôҲˣⶦɽƣŶ¯ҲǸԷɳ֪δ


ڰ˰ʮ 
ⶦɽƣŵɳֱ֮ǳ󣬼˲䣬ǧﷶΧ飬޴ĳȻǽ΢Ѿײȥʮ⡣
Ҳ΢ΪȻ岻֡Ŷ޴ĳþŶǷ仯һʱ֮ضɽҡƵľ첻ڶ
ұ㿴ʰ̯ӣʩ޼ʱЦһɳߡ
ʱĸ˶˲ȥ׷ˣȻи鷳ǡ
²ãĸѾҪķⶦɽһ˿ңҪ֪УһߣҪɱʱĸκλ֮ɫ
Ǵ˿̣ˡ
ĸټҲһı飬ֻг겻ԣȥʵҲ־ŶĲͬѰǰѯʣĸ⾿ô£
ĸɫ԰ףֹڴ֮ܵǰľȣʱ̾˿֪꣬ˣ
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˺ͽ֮ʲôϵʡ
Уĸ˵ɳƶ㣬ĳղ֪ӺδȻһˣձŶ磬ɵۡŶټΧҲԵֵˣǰҲѲ֣Ƕɽƽ٣ɱԣ赲ݲ֪齫Ϳ̿ɵ۵ƴȫŽ˴ŶصŶŶ¯ԵؾԷ˷棬ɵ۵˴սŲһɽ棬Ǻķⶦɽ
Ŀɿڴʧд£ΪҵȲ֪
ʱټĪҪ룬˵㲻֪ɳ֪µģˣҲ˵ʱڳ
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ңǧûҲˣټЦ˵ģڳĹҲֻĸˣ˵ֵ꣬ͬ˽٣ǶҲֻɵۣɵҲڣǱˡ
ڴ˿̣ⶦɽһ𶯣ƺĳ洫ɫֱ䡣
ʱ䲻ˣٲ뷨ӣ˳´ңĸʱЩΪֻ쾳۷壬սҲǶƫƫʱ򣬾ȻǸо
ۼƣԲԼͶԷ֮Ĳࡣ
ټҡͷΨһܷס˵ľŶ¯Ѿʩ޼ųȥھһһ֮ʩ޼֪֮µģ
ﵱдɻ
Ȼ̽ԭʱٲ뷨ӣȵ˳ǱˡûзӣȻǱߺҲһ޼ƿʩûм֮ʱҲòʲô⡣
ֻһ֮ǧҿɲ£ԴϴˣҲһЩ̸۹֮һֵӦÿٴν˷סⷨӴĴ󣬲Ҫ򣬻ôȥŶ磬Ҳֻӡ
˵꣬˫ֽһӡէ֣ͬգӿֵؽ֣ۣƬ֮Ѿӿֳһ־޴ޱȵ̫ͼжɣۼ
λ˳Ŷ磬֮һԴ˷󷨷վŶ죬ѹˣϾȾŶ¯ѹ˰꣬ʱ䣬λƽ֮ɫƽ
ĸ˿ƽִһ˿͡
Ȼ֪Ҫʩչ󷨵Ĵ۱ȻܾǴ
ֻĸҲҲֻһֹ˳Ȼ˶Ǵǧ˾֣ɳĴڣľʯʱҲǼܣٲҲûӣǻأǵȻӦ


ڰ˰ʮ 
ʱԶ΢΢΢һЦ΢Сѣԭ֮ϥ۵ѾԻϧ²ԸˣϣΪɳǣԺòˣҲԵɡ
˵꣬һ«΢
һ«ӻƵİ˹ϵ««һСǸɫСģһ죬һεȻǸͨЧãǣһķ΢ĿǰеаľɽȻҲ޷֮ȡ
΢𻰣Ϊ˿̾ŶпֲѹϮ΢վվȣ˵˵ˡ
Ǳĸʵ̲סȥ˵һ仰һʱ۾һ˫Ŀ΢ϲã֮ȻǹЦãȥɣ
˵һӣһɸķѹȻǽ˴ǧ֮⣬ɨŶš
¡һŶϣǳŹ棬ڵ֮³׳ȥֻܿ޴̫ͼŶŷ
ͣǹƽ
ոյһ΢Ҳ˵Ķ΢˵ֱ췽ҹ̷Դ
˾ڡ
ôһ䴫˵˵ֻǴ˵΢û˵˭ĴﵽǸ硣
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һҲ̫죬쵽ĸ˶ȡ
΢һ«˵ʲôζ˿ĸɫ࣬Ϊ䣬ɳ˵˵Ǿ޴ʧɳ˾޴鷳ɳѩϼ˪
ĸЦ⣬Ǵһֺ˵ơ
ˣĸѯҽԱߺȻһɫҡͷɣΪֻǶ쾳ð˷͵Ϯ궼ѾأʱͲˡ
һ£΢Կĸֶڲ
ԱټҲһɱһ֮ڣɳʧλɣǴûй飬ʱټǰĸ˿ҡͷߣȥ죬Уĸӣ֮ڣɳɹȫͥϣɳ⣬ʳɳٺ»ˣ˭׼ʲΥߣ
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쳹磬Ǵս⣬սڶ˵ӣɫ㵣𣬴˿Ҳ˫Ŀ
쳹˷
ȫƵม֮ϣҲһʱ֮𵴣֮ǹߵݡ
Զĵطһ޴ɽսС
һͯӳϾɽ°ٿһһ죬ɽʮ㣬һβǬһβۣһǳ֣Ȼв裬һƷԵ
ͯһţϣޱȣǴţһƬݵҲĳŲݶȻԵáʱͻȻ֮ͯɫ
ʱϾɽһ˵ãǨȥɡ
ţϵͯӷӦæķݣȻһţƨɣţȻܵļ죬һ˲Ͷնȥ
һƬǸƬķ֮أϥΧƯǧƵʧɣЩʧսΣޱȵĶԹʬɣߣϲȺӣĸΧΪûǣһ塣
˵ĥΪöȻЩʧɶǱնɱʱһ޽˳֣ЦʣҲǳɹͻƵ쾳ɾ֮λϲɺذ
޽ˣ˷ЭҲδܳɾͶ쾳޽㣬רע仹Ƿˣ޽ʩչ쾳Ҳѵ޽档ˣ˵˿Ҳǿһ䡣
Уں㶷δӮ⣬˷ҲǶ񣬶ལһ¥´֮пܳɾͶ쾳޽˸ո˵꣬ͺ
леһɫһ䡣
ɳб䣬ٻس̣
ɴ춯ս磬ݵеڶȻҲˣȻǸ˼
е֪ĺ壬˲ֻ֪ðʱ䣬˾Ͷ֪ˡ
Ƕһӣ
˲ã⾿ǺεȻ쳹ս硣
Ҫô˵Ǵһһе̵ģ˵ҡؼһεһɳҪùˡ
ɲǣһ˵ҪöһӣҪʮλ쾳ֲ
ʮ쾳֣Ȼֱʣ
֮£ҡؼҺҶĿ£Ҳ֪θ룬ǲмһˣľ


ڰ˰ʮ ģĳ
սĳһλһƬ޴ĸϽɹ⸡ʮҲǧ顣
ǾԵס
ʱһ㶣ָһ㣬ĸֳʲô۶ӣأɳѾȣҪһûɵԼұ㲻ȥָ
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սڤǺ֮ԩγɰĹ룬һɭɭ˶棬ҲǶţ
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Ͻ֮أɳɹ٣ҲûйϽ֮Ȩ˿弸λüͷһ塣
ӣ
һ죬ĸˣ˵ʩ޼ҲӶȥһɳڻָúȥδӣ
Ӧ⣬һͳݣȫ壬Ҳ졣
䲻ӣȥ˿ʵȥ͵ҪվһǱߣҲ֪Ǽס
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ʱͻȻڶ˶Ǵһһ̣Զͥϣһ𣬾ڶ˹
棡
ˣ
ȥӭӣ
һ̣ڿն𣬷ͥ𶥡˴һƣǰѾˣ˿̣вٷӭء
壬쾳۰˿Ҳǹӭӣ幫ѩҲӭӡ
ȴΪ棬ǰ֮ѩүүͬҲɳ⣬
һ̣ͥ𶥵Ĵ֮ڣӿһۿɼһۣͷڣƮȻ˴Ӵ֮Ʈ
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ӭأ
Ʈ֮ȴ̧ͷ죬Ŷߴ죬㣬һͬȥͥᡣ
һ£ڶ˶⣬Ҳ˵滹վһɳߡ氽ѩɫ԰ףţΪıһ·Ƕһ١
°ѩҲϣӴ˺һϣȻΥԸʱԼ幫Ҳܳͷ

죬ͥᡣ
ƽͥĺ룬ҲԵÿտյǴ˿̣ŵͥϣȻΪ
ǧͷһʢΪһĸӡ
һһһɾʹ֮ͥڡ죬ãֻĴ£ӣһɳˣںδ÷ضɽ磬ɳǲ
ߣı۴
֮ͥΪɽҲ
˿ͥڣһ޴ɽߴٰɵľ޴ͭն쳹սɴ˶
ͭΧʮλˣϾҪӾԲ£һҪ죬ʮλΪﵽ쾳ɵĸֹͬſʵҲǲˡ
Ȼûôɸ֣ʵϣֻһʱҪʮλ쾳ɣʮλ쾳ɣֻʮ죬ֻλ쾳ɱ
ĸټͳ꣬Ҳֻλһ쾳򡣲Ϊһ˺
λ쾳ͼִˣ΢ڣһˣʮ
Ҳ͵ĳ̶ȣˣҲա
ͥҲ͵գ½˸ϻͥᵱѾƼǳɹ٣Ѿɳɽŵĸ֣ҲȻС
ڴ˿վͥٹٵУܿܿɣҲĳȣеɹٶһ
һɳܳΪһǿʵɵۣĸЩֶڵʱ˭֮棿
ֻǧɵʧ٣ȺףҲǸ̥ΥŪɳƣƸÿ¡
ҲȷҪӣɳ
ڵҲóֻǵһɳı׶޷
ǾȺס
ûһˣ˳˴ڡ
ӣ⣬ˣǰҪ񻯡
ȻжңͿ߲δˡ
ִ֮ף˹ˣԭ֤ԺԺ޽ҲˣţͯӣǨҲˡ
ʱͥһɧһۣͷڣƮȻͥᣬڶɹһŵüæҲĿɿڴпλ˾ȻҲˣæݼ


ڰ˰ʮ ӵĺ
ս磬Ǿ޴ĸɹ֮ǰͻȻ̧ͷһͼһɷ䡣
һ̣ɷһӰʩ޼ģ
ʩ޼ˣʩ޼ģӰ˺ܲͷʩ޼һۣԭֵʲô˵ɡ
죬Ϊβȥʩ޼ЦʵЦһ죬ûӴɳȨƣΪȨƣ˵Ϊʵɳ̵ıɵȸ֣ˣҲֻһЦ˭ȥ˭ֻȥӣ
˵ⷬʱ˰ʮ㣬ﵱѹûнĸɳ
˵ĺãʩ޼ЦԼǣҲΪȻƫƫ˽ӣҪɳɣҿʸӵģֻɵۣڣκ˶ûʸ񣬸ûʸȺɣɵӦѾɣɳҲôǷȥѾĵһμγᣬͬʱ뻯ɽ޼Ϊֻлʸɵִۣһɳ
һһЦʩ޼˵ĵǺ˭֪ʲô⣬ϵҵǹʹǻˡ
Цڣɱ
ʩ޼Ӱæ֣ˣ㣬ֻΪ֣ãһһɳΨһĺ쾳ִ֣ɳҲ顣ο죬ǲӣô˵˿ʵͥᣬ˭ëʱȻӵ̳ɵ֮λִɳ³֮ʩ޼̻շ
ⷬ˵꣬Ȼ֪ʩ޼ʲôöò϶Է˵Ļһ
Դɵʧ٣ͼԿ϶ԷѾɣ֪ɵ۶Ҫ˾ŵɣɵ۵ΪܶԸ
ǰɵڵʱ򣬻ǳģû˵ģɵ۾ǱҲС
ɵ۲ڣˣڻ˭ûʸָԼ
ΪˣŲɳǲκ˵ʩ޼˵ĺܶԣ֮ǰɳװͿɵ۵鵭ôֵҲûʲôĸȻӣǴȺˡ
ɵۣû˵ģ㻯Ը⣬Ҳ볼ɵ۲ڣֻһĸȻҲҽӺȺɣƾʲô
Ϊˣ֮ǰŲᣬʩ޼ô˵Ҳǲ᲻ȥĸץסԼİѱȥץëóᣬú˵˵
ΪɵˣӦִƴȨ
Ȼ滹һŶλأɵʧ֮ǰͲ֪ȥ򣬾˵ŶȻֻǺ쾳ɵ۶һΣȻʤһֻǴԣţŶҲˣ϶ǲġ
һˣǻȥá
ڻʩ޼쾳ɣͬо벻ķۣٶԷŪıƣǲмһˣ϶ֻҪԼԸ⣬ʱԽʩ޼»ɱ
Ͼǻʵĺ쾳֡
ȫҲǹƨǣ뵽Ѿ˴㣬ʩ޼ӰĿĴɣɢΡ
ͬһʱ̣ڤǺ£ͬһʩ޼ӰڣǸɭɭˡ
ˣһ
ĵһ˵ȡᣬͿԼˡʩ޼˵˰죬ĵǲһԣô
ʱһ𣺡ϵܣһضɽ磬μӳᡣ
ǻģ֮ǰѹʩ޼ĵ˿̾Ȼһ˫͵۾˵ͷһ˺˺һƬգ¶ڵѷ죬һ̣룬ʧ١

ݣ졣
ĸΪʮӣĴ󣬲Ƭ֮Ҳǻָò࣬˿߰ɣĶˣģҲ
Աټ㣬ô
ĸƺд㣬ɳˣ˲˸ôҾʹô˵ҩȥ⣬һ
ˣټͷʱĸ뵽ʲôȴǵãֳ֮Ӧô£ͽ˸ȡ
ټ˵ͷһȡ֮ټϣǰһϾòټһµ˽סĤݡ΢ҲһȻµӣ΢Ҳ֪ºټһ壬֮󣬾Ȼ΢һİС


ڰ˰ʮ ΢
ܵģ΢һ²һų⣬Ȼ´һ·¿ȥΪ
ʱĸƺ΢룬΢˷ϵɳӦԴΪأҼӣЩҲú˵˵ҲΪú¹һ壬Ҳһ¡
΢һ㶣ʱĸкȺ֮⣬ֻɵʸ죬˷Խ޴ңѾǷ˼ɻ䣬ЩҲϡҿɵоųɿѾɣʱƣΪɳȻ߽⣬ϾȺףޣ쾳۷Ѿǽޣͻƣͳɳȥǧʱ䣬ɳͬû졣ҲΪˣȫŻỢʩ޼ŸҷɳӵɣŶ춼ηաȻ⼸һֱѹ£ֽסһɳȻ֧飬Ҳ˲ӦõӣɳѾҩΣճᣬ׼صټ˷Ҫ跨ΪŮۣɵִۣɳ
΢٣ðŷӦ
ĸҪĳ
΢ΪĳȻ˿ԸģΪʲôԣͨҪ𣬵ж¼ͷĸǺͱ˲ͬȫʩ޼Ǳʲô˶һǾǴУҷټΪŮۣɵ֮ޣ˳˭ëټһ壬ͬҲͳŮ֮𡣡
𾪹΢ıµĿԡ
ĸˣǻء΢һ䣬ĸ̵Ȼ֪Ψһķӣκ˶޷ǸλãԲ˳ټҲ϶Χ£˷ͥᣬһᴽǹལ綷һ㣬ǵݲһĲκθ֮ʣһЩ˾㲻ǵˣ谭ǾǵˣͬҪųȥͬȥ⣬Ȼˣٲ
΢뷴ȴƿԡ
ò˵ĸȻΪϣ޷ͻƽ۷һȨ֮ȴǵǷ켫ֻҪɵʧǧһɳǿά֣Ҫôȥսңڲɳ£ҪôǱչŴ£ʩ޼㷴ˮ˻ɳ
άǧʱ䣬˵ĸֶ֮ǿ
ĸԴ쾳ͻƵ쾳ɳ˵Լǧ꣬һֻϧ컯Ūˣĸɣվ쾳ĸѾ쾳۷壬ɲǺ쾳
ӲˣҪ֪ССҶֻ쾳һһһŮˣһ쾳άôãѾǿѡȻҲг꣬ӵԸƿɳϲûʲô˵ֶΣҲֻܸˡ
һ΢ĺ͸ͬһΣʩ޼ûгûȥŶ죬ҿǷⶦɽµ˷ӡĸзɾôһ£ӵֱ䣬Ϊ˲ԸԼ죬ˣҲֻάְʱ䡣
֮󣬷ɷ⣬˾ͻ
ȻΪʩ޼ӣӺ䣬ȫ񣬿˵ɳѾǵ˱Ե
֪һЩϢȫͱǶôĿ¡
΢ȻҲܿһ㣬ͬ΢ֻƶɳһҲ˵ĸĲԣ΢ǼΪͬģҲǵΨһ飬Ȼðգֵһԡ
΢ȻΪǳǹˣҪٵʣ۽뷨˵Խ˶˦ʮǧȥǳټһ϶Ȳ㡣һҪĳټŮ֮λ˵Ȼ谭֪ж˻ֹ£Ҵ㽻㣬ͬʱ硭
ʲô΢һĸæ΢۱֮ţֻõ˵ܱҲ˵ãΪѾ㣬֪֮Ҳ̫࣬ɳˣֻʤδ£Ҳֻ¡
΢һ²֪˵ʲôˣȻĸѾﻮˡ
ʱĸһ΢ӣס֮ϲ䶷ȫƾһ죬ۺ쾳쾳ֻͨˡϵɣһͬʣսҪڳϣɱ񣬷ɱҷſֽţʲôҶ֧㡣
΢ҲЩѪڣֻ´΢Ҳ뿪ˣµټ»Լ£һԼ֪ͺãҲ֪룬΢Ҳ֪ټƵŮ֮λõķӡĸǼ䣬ȻҲҪһ㣬׳ʿ󣬶һζһ첲ʣһҪնϵģⶾԵϡ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ִˣһ
΢ĸĴֻǶ֪ʱǰͥᡣ
ͥᣬ΢ҲǱǰһĻˣ˵μôγᣬûĴ׳ۡ
ټͥᣬȻѾΪһɨȥкܶףģģվ֮һӲ֪˶ף˵Ƽ
΢ȣһɳʵЩκһᲢ۵ġɳһսһô꣬ȷǺе̣ȻһȻƣֻϧ󲿷ֶǸ˼
ʱҲвĿ䵽΢ϣ΢Ҳ̩Ȼ֮
ͥϵλнйصģ΢˾ٵĹְȻѾ˴棬΢ƷɹٵĹλڣʱҲվƷɹ֮УǰڣǳҦʥ
˶΢ֿѣ΢ȻĹʮּȻΪ֮ǰĸ˾Ŷ飬ʩ޼¶û⴫ԳϾ󲿷ɹٶ֪ʲô¡
ʣһǷ˴£ҪȻӲ졣
ոǶ΢ǺĸӺ߹ģԲ²΢Ȼ֪Եɡ
΢ұ֪Էˣ˵ʵû뵽ô졣Ȼɻ󣬵ڻȸпһ䡣
ִħ˾ֳ꣬˾٣˵ƺϵˣ˵ںϵɵУھǰμĴڡ
ˣڶûܷ˵֮ѡ
΢ϵһʱ䣬ȻͿԷٶȣϸһǴû˵ǹŽһˡ
ԱҦʥҲЦԷ֮ǵܣΪ˫
΢ʱ뵽ʩ޼ĵӣϴԼ֮󣬵ˣǷ֪ʩ޼ļƻ
΢ʵˣҦʥǵأ
˶һ㶣֪΢ͻȻʲôڻǵԴӰܸķΪ٣λҲˣϾǹƽ˵ΪǱҲ׷֮󣬱㲻֪ȥ˺δƺ뿪ɽˡ
뿪ɽˣ΢üͷһ壬˵ǵʩ޼ĸʩ޼ɳΧɱĸɣ͵͵ǱɳƻŶ˷ӡµ֪֪
˵ûṩ
ˣ΢֪ҲûãҵΪѾϣ˵ѾûκвҲٹܡ
΢ξʲô£Ϊӻᱻ죿̲סʵһҦʥҲһ棬˵ǶˣΧҲ䣬΢̽һЩϢ
Ͼһʵ̫죬𺳣ԴɵʧٵǧɳӱûΪ˭֪һ죬ֻҪһɹ٣һһ۵λߣ
Ȩû˸ΥΪӴľһɳľɵۡ
ɵۼȻʧ٣˭ӣܾ޴ѹɿʷ¾ԲǿЦġ
ǧʱ䣬ɳڲҲϵ˵ֱһ㣬֧飬˭ͳһ
΢Ҳ֪Ӻ˵һ֪ˣλ԰ֻ꣬ǵһ¡
£ںҦʥΧɹٶš
΢ʱѾ˷˵ƣ˿̵ֻҪǵãλһɳ֮ٱá
Щ΢Ҳ˵ַֻʽˣһȻǳսĸȻ½ԼΪҲ׼
ںҦʥҲ˼ʱǰĸѾǳżƽĵ
΢ĿȥȻǿĸг֮꣬⣬һ쾳ɣλ˺һɣۣͷڣƮȻεҪΪǻĸ֮ϡ
λǣ΢֪˭ʱ̵λۡ
ʵϣ΢Ҳ²⣬ҲֻɺơҾ˵λһֱڱչأҪ쾳𣬲ڿûгɹˣλҲ΢쾳ֵһ
쾳λǰֱֵһᣬͬҵǸӹ޷ᲢۣҲ˵㶼쾳ɣ֮Ҳǿߵ֮ġ
˵ʵҲ벻Ҳˣչˣο϶ҲΪӣԲųصģɳλȻǶһģһЩ飬ҲȨӣǵɵġʱ˵


ڰ˰ٰʮһ ִˣ
΢Ҳܿóɳĵλ⣬ĸҲǼ΢ʱ뵽幫ѩƺŵĵӣҲǵˣĸξͻʱҲ֪ǰѩԴʱλ᲻ʲô
֮⣬΢޽ˣԱִˡ
΢ͶȥĿʱ򣬶ԷҲӦؿ¶ǻһ
ǺƾȻѾӷ˾ͻƵ˶ʵ׿Խͬƿ΢Ҳ΢˷ˣң뵱΢ʱǾޱȡ
Ա޽Ҳ΢ΪͬĿɿڴϲΪԶ΢ֻ΢΢ͷ
ʱ򣬾һţһͷţ滺ţһССһ񣬿ڳƣ
ǨҲˣããС˻ĸҲһϲɫȴΪǨ⣬ԷǴϾɽˡ
Ͼɽʲôط˵һɳκһطûв֪ġǵϾĵ˵ǵʥءҲΨһκȾָĵطϾȻѾ겻¶棬û˸ҶϾ
һȫϾǳϵĵ档
ԣϾɽ³һССͯǨλҲǵͬڵһ˸Сơ
΢һɨ˿ɳɹټˣ졢춼ڳټټǾѾλڳɵۣȻڣŶʧʱձɵۻҲǲܻһߵʩ޼ѾӣУֻл졢û
΢ĸ˵ɵۺϣɵʧ֮˾ͼ¶ˣβá
ʱ򣬾ͼһüͷеĸ˷ӣʲôҪ˵
˵΢ûԷվλãƷɹϵλãٶǶƷɹ١
ɳƷɹѾѹִˣɣһƷɹ١
ҲֻжƷɹ٣Ÿôĸ˵
ǰڴ΢ɽˣһ쾳ɣƷɹ٣ְ췣˾
췣˾ʮӴ󣬶ĸһϵϣ췣˾һƷɹ٣ƹ췣ν췣һˣ˵һ㣬췣ֻһϵ
Ҳֻ췣˾˾٣ΪͿɽԾȻڳֱĸ֮ﵱиָ֮⡣
Ϳʼˣ
жף΢һᣬǸոĻֻǰ̽·ˣĸָ𶼿סǺĴҲ
ĸһϵ˴˿Ȼǽޱȣĸƺϵôһȴüͷһ壬ǳˣȻֱҵ֣˭ĵӣ
һǶͬһףȻ˺һ
ð֪æĸˣ¹ֻһʱżûע
Ȼˣ´μǵþͺãҲˣ֮£һԻ˵˵꣬ĸѹˣɼң˷ͥᣬмҪмɹǳʱڣҺλλһͬԭ˾΢ƷƷִˣλ
ֻͷһ䣬Ŀɿڴ΢Ȼ֪ĸὫԼִ˵ĸλҲû뵽λ
νִ
ɳʮִλһҲ˵ĻȨŸִ֮ϵģҲƵһִˡ
Ȼ΢ǰƷɹٵλѾɳвˣһԾֱ̫ӳΪ߲֮һ
΢ԼҲ𶯣Ͳ˵ˡ
¾ɹҪԣĸֵ飬ҺλԾִ˵⡣
һ£ЩҪԵɹҲûӿˣͬĸ˵ִֻҪλͿԾȷǲҪͨۡ
˭֪УĸһϵĸҪȷܷԡ
ȻҲܷԣһλԣ¾ͲˣʱֿԵĻ΢ִλþȥ
ȻùС¡
Щв޵һֻΣʱɹǰ֪ΰã
һ԰΢ƷǷһִλãԭλϵĺΰţ
ĸȻд㣬ƴ˷սѾǿ붴쾳ȻѾʺϼִˡ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ˼
ܿΪ˱Ͼ˿һĸ֮ԣҲɫ죬ҲǹֹϲϾ쾳֣ɳ֮Ҳһˣվ˾֮ϡ
˿΢ЦӦʱ΢䣬΢ĸ
ܿ죬ĸͽŵΰҲѾ˰ţڴ֮ǰҪһ¡
ǰ΢ʱѾ֪ĸҪ˵ʲôˡ
һܣĸһʩ޼ȫɳӵ䣬һɳĸ֮ȥʩ޼ֵ֮λı֮ɳˣ˵ö֮
̶̼仰ͷ·һǾףȻڳڶͷը졣
˶ǱҡΣ
ĸ˿ҲǱأԽ˰̣˰̱ҿʹޱȣѪ졣
ֵı棬һɳֲʩ޼ûμӳᡣ
ӵӺ䣿ɣô飬λڳˡ
Ҳһ˵߼޻ֵ
֮ϢڶǸ˼еҡͷ̾Ϣеǰϲ²ؼ߸߹ġ
ţͯӼǨ˿ҲĿɿڴҲͷһ¶֮ɫû뵽Ȼֵô
۲ͬڳˣϢ֮󣬾֪ĸΪҪɻˣΪ¶ɳ̫ˡڰۿһв˵ʩ޼£ͲһҪ֪⳯ᵱУвʩ޼һϵɹ٣Ҳǳģʩ޼֪֪ʩ޼ûиǴµָ磬ųᣬǳһγᣬ˺ɳڲ
Ⲣţɳǧٿף̫ط£Խ⳯ϣȻᵶ⽣Ӱɱһ㲻ãҪˡ
ʱɨһǱߵĸаĸĸһ壬ô£
Уĸʥأྲ
쳹ͥᣬͣ
ĸȱȱúǨʩ޼
ɣĸ䣬ɹٳзԣһһһȺһȺɹȻʩ޼һϵģ֮һ˱ĸˣ²ף޼ı֮޶ۣ˵˵޼ֵ֮λɵ״ͣ˵ľ͸ģ
û޼˵黹ŪھҪ޼˶ϹأĸҲûȨ
һȺɹ࣬˶ʩ޼˵̿˵ͷһγ֣ЩɹһȻΥĸ˵Ҳоݡ֮ĸտƾʩ޼δؾıɳֵ֮λǵɵ״ͣĸʲôʸ˵ժñӾժñӣҾҪʩ޼Ҳֲĸֻɵ۲ܶʩ޼
֮ǰ΢ͬεķ̫ˣԭ֮ǰִ˵ĸ͵ȷȨᣬʩ޼£;Բĸκһܾġ
ЩɹٲŸԣһԵ
һʱ֮䣬֮ҳһţһЩͬϵɹʱҲ֡
ʱŭ˵ʩ޼ı֮ǧȷǲ߾ԩʩ޼Ϊβμӳ᣿
һЩɹٲ֪ĸʱ֪ˣһ΢
΢֪ĲˣǸԼϳ˵ʱˡ
΢һƣ֪΢Ҫʲô΢λȣѾִʱҲһĻȨ
΢֮߳ǳżͽȻŵ΢£²죡
΢ִʲô˵޷ĸ˵ȻһЩ΢˵Լȴǲ˵ʱֻǽ΢֮ڡ
΢⣬Դɵʧɳ֮ڵΪһ֮˽Σλ˭ֻ˵Ҳˣȴǻ⻼ȫһĿӶݣ⻼Ѿ˲ʰĵزôȥһɳ㲻ȫԼҲҲΪˣɳ֮ųʩ޼֪һ޾ǵõ֮ˣ֪ܲ
ڶһƺʲô˼üͷһ壬ʱһ쾳ɿڵ΢ʲô˼ĪҪɵ𣿡
΢һ΢΢һЦնԣҪɵۣ
󵨣

˲⣬ͬʱ֮һ𶯣˭Ҳû뵽΢Ȼ˷˵ȴ治Ļ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣһ
ˣ΢ˣ
󲿷ֻôһͷںҦʥҲĿɿڴû뵽΢ͻȻôһ
ʵϣĸ֮⣬֪΢׳¡
Ȼǧʱ˶⣬ȴûһ˸ֳ˵˵΢ͷһ
ǰţͯӼǨ۾ĿǾ㵣֮ıͣΪͬ΢ĻȻ⻰ȥЩ治ȴȷġ
ɳȷҪˡֻ⻰ǰû˸˵û˸˵ȴ仰Ǵġ
ҲƤһͷһ΢
Ҳ˵΢֣⼸ʱɳ֮΢˵˲֪ٶٶȼֱǰ޹ˣٶȸˣ˵΢ɳŵһλˡ
֮ǰ۸һ˿̣Ȼһ˿
ǶԷͥϣ˵ôһֵ
ʱһĻָ߳΢ı㡭Ȼ˴治
΢ɨһɣԷҲǷ˵ΪеƣƽԳݣκΪ˵ҲȻҲ˵̲֪ͨ
΢Ȼ˵Ҫɵ۵Ļ˭΢ķȥΪʱƾȻᱻȺ֮
΢ȶԷ˵껰̵ϴˣԣѾִȻҲƷλҲӦƴˣȴǱٵҪϴˣ΢δ治Ϊγ˵΢Ǵɳɷ񹲷ߵĴ£˵һһپݡ
ϴʦԼôһ΢Ȼ֪ᵨӣẦ£Ȼ
û뵽΢ѹûκ˼ûеӺ£෴ǵʮ㣬ֱӷȥ
һϴ˷֪ô˵΢̫ǿʣ˵ɳɷ
ƺûС
˵񹲷ߵˣ
ҲûС
ֻɵ£ǲԣǴ£ϴ̵˵ҪɵۣǴ治Ƕɵ۵Ĳ
ϴˣҿǴ治ɳ⻼µ۴ɽǣƽ⻼£ɵ۾֪ҲȻͬΪΪһɳá㶼ΪҪôȻʹţҿǴ治ĪǣҪɳôſģ΢һ涼ϴ˱ƿԣ벻ô˵ѹԷ
ʱɹǰ΢ϴȻͻҲûʲôףɳɵΪµۣǶɵ۲
ɹ֮ǰˣ˿˳
΢Ӧ죬Ťͷ͵ˣ˵µ۾Ƕɵ۲ɳɷпһɵɳɳѾ⻼ٲ𳯻ٵ֮Σգ䵽һɵۻɵ۽ҿʱĴ󲻾ΪǶˣǧˣǲ֪ͨɳһ
ǡǡ෴ɳǶɵ۵ľɵۣǶɵ۵ľЩڿ˵ͨǶɵ۲ģǲĴ󲻾΢۱˵ã⼸˵оݣҲ㣬ռ
ȻҲвٱо뷨˺ûпΪ΢˵ǵﻰ
֮ǰ⻰ǲ˵΢˵ˣǵȻᷴ
ΪЩ˺ڿɵ֮λ
ʱ˵С˵ĺеҲôãɵۣǶɵ۲ɵǺ£ǣ˭ʸɵ֮λأ
⻰ڳ˶һ㶣ĸҲɫһ䡣
ͼֶͥλˣһɭɭ˿һ۶ñ庮һһϵɫȻΨҶơ

ĵ
˼״Ǽæ񣬶ʱĸѾ΢ˣǻ
벻˾ȻҲ˻
ĸ뵱У˼ȻӵҲӦòΪĸϤ˵Ըĵһӻģ˽ԴԳݺ͵λˣͺɵйڣɵʧ֮˾Ͳɳ飬ֻһζҪĸһҾǱʱҪߵġ
˲ܶ鶼ð죬û뵽ǾȻ˻
ĸһӦǲԾȻʲô֪顣


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣ
ո˵ľǻ֮ɷӦæÿһ·
ĵһǰһʱȻɹٸüͷһ壬·΢ʱͣһ£Ȼ󿴶΢ôʱ䲻ɳʲôèèˣ˵ɳ񲻱ҲûλСˣʲôپӺλ
Ȼǹ΢ѿոɹٸ΢֪ȻҲ΢ĸԻͻȻѡ
˻õѹûκιǡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ǻ쾳֡
ҺпĿǰһΨһһλ쾳֣Ի԰ʱġ
΢Ȼ֪˭ȻҲӦԣ˿ûԷеֲм֣µĵ¹΢ְִ
ִЦЦһɳǺˣһëͷСִĸĺ°Ц˵ĸ˿̵̩ɽɫ΢Ϊ㹻λãҲλ֮ľǾòף
һŵĲҿĸͻλɳͷڰ˭ʱҲ죿
ǲмһЦɵʧ֮󣬾ڰѳֳ˵ʲôʲôִСҲö˵Ҫɵۣ¿ɾͲĸһ˵һˡ
Ҫ˵һ䣬ĿҲˣ˼˵ɵۿԣ˭Ͳĸ˵ˡ
ⲻ֪˵仰ĸ΢аϲ
˵ʵҪȷɵ֮±Ȼþһǹལýɹ˵֮Ƴټ΢ĸõĲ衣
ͻȻͬɵ£ͬǰ΢ĸһѡ
ٻ˿ڣϲɹپԲٿڷԡ
Ǻ쾳ֵơ
ĸӪΪȴӲˡ
˵껯ֿ΢΢ǰɣ㵨Ӻܴ󣬾Ȼɵۣ˵˵˭ɵ֮λִɳأ
ò˵쾳ֵ̫ǿ˿ͥϣɶľһЩˣ˿̱˵Ǵҡ
вĻϲ֮е⣬֮ǰĸһϵƣҪѳɳ˻ûӺĸᲢۣϾвվĸǱߵģԼĸȴǵڶû˵̬ȣɹ٣ǹһƷҲĸ£ܴӸвĸ
ֻоһſԡ
һУǽһλ쾳֣Ϊλĸ֮ϣɵۣȻĸơ
ͥɹٶڻ֮²Ҳͬ΢ոִλþͱˣ⣬λش
΢˵˭ë
ںҦʥ΢һϵ˶΢һѺǿǻ쾳𣬻ǣλǰվվȣͱ˵˵ˡҲ΢ΪУȻ󣬵ʱĸ˵΢ΪʤִĻǾЦ
Χ΢Ͻļִ˴˿̶Щð亹ҲǱ֮Ƭ֮󣬸ִ˶ס֮һǿסΣҲˡ
ٿ΢ȴһһеļʺͲҲɢ٣ͳ΢ΪҲȷʸִĹλǻҲǵ˵ͷεִȷһЩʱ
ȴ֪΢սоĥ£ȻһᲢ۵ġ
ػ΢󵨣ɳѾΣʱ̡ʩ޼ɳɣʱ΢Ҳڳɵʱ衣ɵʱ˵ɳٲµۣرҲ΢ִ¡΢һ«ɶͷһȻϵ«Ѿһ΢ǵȷֻ裬Ƕ᲻ġ
΢һǽʵ΢Ƥ죬ɲûô˵
Σ
ֻҪܽƱã΢ֵ˭ʸ̳ɵ֮λκһλܾģˣȻ˳˴Ȩ治ˡ
΢˵ϣë⻰ôŶòԾ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣ
˳
һ˳
ǻ˿Ҳüͷһ壬Ǻεܿ΢ӣò˵΢˵ãҲû˳ŶԷ˵һתһּѾ͵͵´ȥ¾һɹٳе˴Բӣνǧŵλ߾֮ȻҪɵۣЩʲôҲ˵Ҫƶɵʧǧ꣬ɳǧٿף־⼲꣬ӦƶҪѡµ۲̫ƣʣΪ϶ǵһλģȻһһʵΪκȺɣ
ɹһڣ̾вɹٸ飬ǳ΢ǡ˳ĸȥġ
ǻһϵˣϵɹʱҲƺĬһԷ΢
˵Ǿɵۿԣ׼̫ƣˣ˲лᡣ
ո˵еȻΪһɳǾҪѡһ쵼һ˵ɵ۳Ҵ˵ķڷС
ǼǼҼȻҪѡҲֻɳɹ٣ܶɽŵҲе²ż汸Ĵɣͬʤɵ֮λ
ЩΪɳϹɹٴǣӦλɵۣȱʧļλҲһѡ˳ɵۺ;ˣһɳܻԻͣ
ûʱȫҪЩ֪֮һһ
ڶɹٴ˿࣬ȻһЩɵɹٷµۣǵѾƲʲô˻ˡ
һЩɹٱȲҲ޳ɣǿ΢ôһͷѾҰ֮˵Ѿʰǻ֮ԭıһӾӲˡ
ˣ԰ڶɹٵУһƽڹϵɹʱС˵
ֹǲԣҿҪˡһɹҲС͸һ˿ǡ
ڵͷȻó΢µ۵뷨ȻĸȻڳвͬµۣǸΪ
ɣһµɣһǱɣȻǲϣµۣЩɵ۵ϳΪµǱ߳ɷ־͸ˣٷ˺üӪһϵ˿󣬶ԭʩ޼ˣƺҲһԵֻ֧ĻмһƷɹ۵˼һŵҲһĸǱ߳΢һˣĶ־Ĭ
ЩŹ֡
ȻҲ֪΢˵ûɳȷҪ·߱ɡ΢˵Ҫ֧ĸɵ֮λһɹҲԥ֧΢ͦĸ
ĸ΢һʼҲôģǰڵļƣǲֹۡ
ڵҪµһɵƣֻҪѹɣɵƾ赲Ҳ˵ʱȻҪѡһλµɵۡ
ȻҲֻϵɵۣϾҪΪһûһԴﵽɵ۵ΪҲ쾳ɵһ
ɵ֮Ҳֻһν
ȵҪѡ˵ʱ򣬱ȻһĸһϵҪɱΧĿǰѶȼ
ΪֹҲֻ΢һ˳ų棬ʣںҦʥ΢һ˿¡
Ҫµۣɳ棬Ҫ˸ȨĽǶʱ򻹲粻µۡ
ƣĸסˡ
ԲɹٶеǣǱʥԺмλʥҲˣʥüͷ˫ҲȻУʥɳйλһ㣬Դ˿վ棬˭żһ΢Ҫ˱̬Ҳһվ֧΢
ʥ֮£ҪˣʥԱվһʥ˿ɫ
ǰҪµ۵ĳǺõģȴǺİ˻£һ¸˳ɵ֮λһŪãɳǻ˷ѡһʥҲǵĵ
ʥʱȴǵλĪνɢǿ΢ˣԻʱ̬磬Ǻ޻ңг֮ơɵ֮Ѿֵܲˣ簲Ŀ˺ĸӦ档
棬ת˵ˣ˭ùǺ쾳𡣡һʥɵ˵
ʥû˵ȻҲý飬ΪĿǰȷù
˵ǱߣһλĵټѾȥʩ޼һϵɹ٣Ѿڲ֮ء
˿̣ͥϵķѾǳɵۣЩҲûתˣֻƾ˭ɵ֮λ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣģ
΢ʱʱĸһ£ǾʱƳټʤʻж
ټɵ۵ӣһϵ˭Ȳˣһɳλ磬ҪǣټǰҲǺ쾳֡
óʤȻ΢ҲڵȻᡣ
ʱ򳯻ѾɹƾѡˣȻҰĵĶһģǻ
ʰС棬ΪβһʵҲʤġ
΢΢һЦͷҲصĪҪۣɵ֮λãǰлĸһϵǣֺαҪҡ
һתֵҿ˭ʤɳֻб˺ѵĽ֣룬ЩҰ֮ǻƾ쾳ΪɣǱˣֻ쾳ܷڣ
ʰһҲʶеĹؼ֮ɫ˵۽սΣɳ
۵ͷЩûбҪ˵͸ˡ
ǣǶɽ֮棬ɽ֮һ飬ܲ뵽Ȩ˵Ѿע
ʱǱĵͻȻɭɭĵ΢ִˣɵ۵Ҳģ˵˭ɵʺϣѵĸ
ĵһֱͬӰһڻ󣬴˿ͻȻڣǽָĸһϵ΢ڣĵȻֵ˵ĸԱߵټ˵ټͬΪôҲкʵЩӦð
΢ƤһĸҲüͷ
ټĴڣɳֻм֪оȫʩ޼֪˵ĵ֮ǰȻǼʩ޼
ɳɣһȴھһ㡣
֪ټˣĿɿڴ֪ģԱָ֪֮Ҳһı飬ʱ侪֮˴ͷ
ݼ
ݼˡ
ͱĵͬټɳĵλĸߣΪΪɵ۵Ĺϵ
һ£ЩɣҲǼޱȣֻϸټȴǺǰһ
ʱ΢ĸǴƾټɵ֮λɣ̴ǺãԭټҲʸ񣬿λưɣλѾ񲻱֮嶼ˣֻľУΪҲ쾳ɶѣܳеһɳΣһ鸾ˣﶮִƴɳǧҪЦ󷽡
˵꣬ɭɭһЦ
ĸǱ߰ˣǧ㣬û㵽ȫʩ޼Ȼǹƻĵ֡
Ȼĵ֪Щ϶ʩ޼ǵģǶԷռ֣ҵ˹ĶԼĻڡ
ǵĿľǽᣬɳǷһڲƫƫ绯Ը⵱ǹʹףѬġ
ıʩ޼Ƕ벻ȫǱߣһ֮˳ᢣıĸʶԷԼӺ󣬾Ͳ³ԼҪɵ۵ͼˣԲżĵ֡
֪ɵ۵һͬǴһ֮ţĸǴټݺԼӰټǵ۵ͼѾ˱µȦ׵С
ǰȻҲڻɳά֣鲻ãһɳǻ̱ѡ
ʱĸҲ飬벻Ӧ֮ߣĵոǷΪ˽赶ɱˣȽټǵ۵ϣ׶ɱ֪˭֪Ҫ˳˭Ȳټĵôһ˵ڸˣټǵвȽټ壬ǲлɵۣ˶ΣἸȱľ֮λ
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ƫƫԼ֮ǰѹûпĸʱˣ±˵΢Լϳ¶Ťתˡ
ټʱҲüͷʵ֪Ӧԡ
˿̣ЩѬ֮Ѿʶ⣬ټǵۣʲôô̲ԿʼĵĻ
˵ټҲʧǧŻʧȥ֮壬ɵ֮ޣ˳Ҳִɳ
һЩ£˵˶ˣͻΪƣʹ󣬱赲
ۿѾʧأĸ֪Ǻõʱ򣬱һִˣô㣿ǰ㷴ִ֮λַλ˵ټ˵ĲǣҵǺһ£ִˣʲôʱ췣˾Ҳʸҵһɵ۵ѡ˵һĻԽȨ˾ڴˣ˵ɳɷԽȨ֮γͷ


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣ壩
һΪŵȻѹ˵쳹ͥᡣ
һڣǽìͷָ췣˾ĸ˾ˡ
ֻҪϸĥ֪췣˾ȷûȨɵѡֻ֮ǰ˶˵Ҳû£˿̣ɲžס
ո˵Ȼ΢ִΪִ
ֳ֮Ȩ
˿΢һڣǱ׹ɹԽȨѺն̨ն̣֮
ڴ˿ɱڣ˾٣˵⻰Ȼû˵ǿЦ
ɫһ䣬쾳ΪƷɹ٣νλȨأƽ˭ô˵˵һӦ뷢𣬲뵽ⳡϣѹȥ
ͥᣬոյȷԽȨ֮ԣʱȻǴ֮١Ҫ˵ԽȨЩˣȻҲǼŭ΢΢㲻ҪѪˣʲôʱԽȨˣΪִͿԺ˵˵ݺ֪ɳٿ
Ϊթס΢΢˿壬ӣͬʱһЦȻЦͷһĪЩ
ˣɹٿ΢һĨЦҲǸоЩԾ
ʲôطԾҲ˵
һ̣΢ִ˵˼΢ݺˣãΪɹ٣ɳɷǲ𲻾֮ϣá
ͣһ£΢̵ˣʮǰѾΪƷɹ٣ȥʮܲμӳᣬ⵹Ҳˣ´һʮɷ֮㣬ִɷ֮ʹЩ񼫵ķ˺ʿȴһִУ㣬ǲְǲǲɳһ꣬Ҳʮǰһα·ɱ˴һʮһڣһٶʮѲɹٺײɣвλƷɹ٣ȻǷֳϮɱǶɽߣ˽ͷţǶΪɼС檵ø磬㣬㲻֪㲻㴥ɳɷ
˵ɫ䣬ָ΢㡭Ѫˣôĵӣ
΢˿壬ɵûִ˵ĵӴ󣬸ո΢ԣ˾ڶоڿɲ飬Ƕɷ±ץҲλСѾʧ裬پѾǽΪһһֶֽѺҲɲȻС£쾳ɵĸҼ˵ʮһǰ췣˾ٷ˵ͻȻѶȫޣλ֪˵ˣ
˵֮ǰĻ˻ֻŭĻ΢һ仰˵֮쾳ɣȻɫɲףŭ𣺡סڣ΢ѪˣһƱ㡣
Σɱ֮ᡣ
΢ִ˿ҲǱʵʵɱײļѪ
󵨣ĸŭټŭһֱһ췣˾ٷҲǲȻŭ
ɳҲһ£ȴҧ΢ңλΪ
û͸ո΢˵Щ֮£˶ЩݣȻ΢ûó֤ݣͿ˵ķӦ֪˾Ųʮ
΢һ䣬췣˾ٷɫѾˡʧ٣Ϊ£ǽݶһ飬ûҵҲĲȻΪˣҲɳȥѰҹԷҲûҵ
ҲͲ֮û뵽΢Ȼ֪һ£ҿӣǴ飬ٿ˸ոֹ΢ɱͱ飬ˣ˿Ҳǿʼˡ
΢˵þˣæʵС
΢˲ǵѪǿԼʵƲأֻʱҪһЩֶεĲԡ
һ˦ֶ΢һƿƵ񵤣΢£Ȼңô¡
΢ˣæһȻлл˵ҩʵϣλҲܲµҸո˵£ִ˾ҪɱҲ֪ûãλӦ֪΢֮ǰǼ˾٣˾ְΣλ֪֮ҲǼ˾һ΢֮˿룬ǲһߣ˵ʵǱִ˸ˡ
ʲô
ŭһףȻͥζѣҲҡҡλΣо£λ˵ơٿˣȶЩ˿Ҳǵ۵΢˵˵ɱ㡣


ڰ˰ٰʮ ۱ɣ
طȻɱ΢ΪΪ΢Ҫ̫߳࣬ڣʱ˵أȻɱ΢˵ĸټڣĶͷ˾ʱҲԲ΢һë
֣΢˵Ƿֱһ֪΢ԩ㣬ұֻعȻô˵ģʵ۾ȴһֱ֣ѾûΣ˿Ѿɱ⡣
ǡǡִ˿̻亹ֹ龿ΣԼ˭ǳȥѰңҵˣȴ̰ͼһɱʱ⣬ɱ꣬ɱ
Ϊ֪ûȻ©Ȼ΢ô֪
ո΢˵ļ£ǶǼʵѾ϶΢֤ݵģ˿ѾǾ֣鱩¶ɡ
˵ɳɷǰĿɽˣҲһҪΪ˭Ը
˵Ҳ쾳ɣɸ޷ͷᲢۣʵʵ˵Ҫɱʮ֮ھͿ
ִ˿ѾǺµ˼㣬֪ôȥɣͷ亹ֱȴðһͷ
ܣ
ܻü쾳ɵΪֻҪ˲ͥᣬǾһ˽ս磬ٲضݰ벽ֻҪһ˵ĽǱȵΪгɣ·Ϳؼա
ܣһһ΢֤ݣһᶼûˡ
ִ˱׺ݹϣȻҲ飬ͷһ΢˵֮ǰͻȻһ⣬Ҫӡ
ٶȼ죬˵
Ȼ죬˿̾ͼ˦һ㣬һ췣׼ֱӽֻУ߲ҽһֱӵϽɷȻǱ췣׺顣
Ȼ㣬㣬֣ҽ㵱֪һ·ȻҺãӿ֣췣˾٣ִ췣ף췣һ֮һڵڶȻǷͬСɣڵһģȻס
Ȼף췣ҲǰԵޱȣ˿һʮ˵ףֱĲҽϵĹ飬֮Ҳ˺ۣڵ֮Ҳ룬˷һ
ˣϢŭ΢æȰ裬ŭ΢ִӦ֪췣˾ְȨɣ
΢ͷȻ֪췣˾ɳͽ¶ˣС
֪ͺã죬˭ңɱڣһ£û˸ţλɳһƷɹ٣쾳ɣִ췣׵Ĵɣ˭˭ס
Ѿ˷˵˴˿Ѿ˵ӣѰ˼һ췣׾ˣʮ˵ûȷǽΪڵ״̬±ɣǿģˣҵĴѬģ̰ͼɱӣ㿴Ҹôϣôµķϣһ
˵꣬ͷ絷⡣
ò˵̰ɳҲ˴˾٣Ȼ˲ݣǱŭ
㻹ģ׿ڳϣܷŹԷʮ˵췣˹ȥ
Ҫֵˡ
ΧѾ㵽ʮ⣬Ǹȡ췣ˣǹĵһǵסˣڵߵ췣ʱѾ
ȵʮ˵ȥ֮ѾһĽʬò쾳ΣԵҪ
췣˫ͥᾲ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼôһ¡
˿ҲɫλˣѾǾȡΪ췣˾٣Խ˾췣Ͼͥᣬºһ촦
˵꣬˻صԼλá
û˾÷ĲԣɺʸôϾ˼췣˾٣ǿ볯ֱ췣ţţĺܣô˵Ѿܿɹ
ϸһ룬вɹٶͷðµǶˣΪ΢
΢ԼҲ˵ˣǰǼ˾١˾Ǹʲôģڳɹûһû뵽΢ôǿôص鶼ܲ̽
ʵϣոճټɹ٣˿ﶼʼ£ϸ˵ûһ˽ǸɾģҲһЩΥɳɷ飬Ϊ֪ˡ
ʱǲŷӦո΢ǹһЦʲô˼΢˵Ǽ˾٣ѾǺ׵вˡ
˼ϣÿһ˵ĺϣ˭ϣͿ˵³
һ֮ǰƺƴټͷжϲ˵ȻǱѹȥЩŷһѬĵļ侲ٲ֮¡


ڰ˰ٰʮ ·
˴˿̶о벻΢ֻôһ׳нǽԭȨ췣˾һȥŪˡ
Ȼ΢֣˶ó΢˵СЬʱ׳ֱҪֵ
һֽ赶ɱˣǽһ
ֻǲ֪΢ʵϲûɱ˶ᱦ֤ݣɵ滳ɹϾ΢ţĽ£ü˾ٵıȡһһо
漰ɳٵİӣ΢о͸΢ĵľ췣˾ٷ֮ʧٵ
Ϊģ΢˺ܶ˿һȥѰҹһ֮꣬ΪͻͽһͻƵ쾳
ٲ˵ĹҲһľţ޳쾳΢ȻǵùԵ⣬Ը׺ݣ˵ΪĿ伫΢һԣȻˡ
Ҳ˵˲ܣ΢òʲôʵԵ֤ݣ΢Ȼѡ˿罫Ըо͸ԷߵĿԼ֮ǰ΢͵͵öԷСߡ
ˣ֪ԼôԵġ
΢оռɳɹٵĵϸԼһЩѱǽһβ̽ȫ̽ӵʱ΢˳Ҳˣ֮ѡ֣ʣҿ𶯡
ʣ΢ĿĴﵽˡ
ھסˡ
λˣ˾ǰ֮ΪΪΪһ֮˽£ȻݡϣҲӲ˵ΪǵһλһɵҪɵۣһ֣һλνԵ·ˣټ˵ִº¶ݣֻɱʣһһҲʵЩ֮ͬˣ΢֪ʧʧ̳ȴ
˵ƣԼƣ΢ҪġҪۿڲţͥᣬһһûܼ΢ġ
ңλ֪ټΪλ΢ĳս类׷ɱɥټ˳ִ΢Ȼ΢ҲΪˣټԭԲѲŽñ巵ɳгһգټ˱Ȼӭ᱾Ժ쾳֮彵ɳ΢⼸ȫǺˡ
ûӣһЩֻټ٣ȻûӰɵġ
ĻץסټΪ˵£΢һСѣһ¼ǾټΪǿԻָġ
ȻһɶͷһĵҲüͷ֪²ðˡ
ټǿԻָ쾳ΪҲǣϾһ쾳֣Ŷŵһŵڶֻŵ
ʱټҲ΢ͼҲʮϵĵ΢»һҪӶۡ
˵⻰ʱټǵʮ㣬һƣԽô˵ԽûţΪǫ顣
΢Ǽæ¹˵ˣλˣո˵ˣΪҪϾ˵죬ټ˾ǳΪŮۣҲֻݴɵ֮λΪɵ۳ʱɵλ쾳֣һɳֺξ֮У
ƨٲĻɹаȻ϶ɵѾ䣬ʱûгԣܲ˵ɵۿ϶ִ治ۡ
Ȼɵ۳Ҫɵְ֮Ҳ˳µ飬ǻλɹٶͬ΢Ļ΢һһӣ͵űת
Ҳɵӣʱô
ѵ˵ɵۻزˣô˵ɵǴ󲻾˵ټɵְ֮ʣɻ˵ˣʣ˭ܱʣ
ʱһϵҲЩ̲סˣʱ涼΢ѿˣٲڣǾͺѷת档
ԭʩ޼һϵɹ٣Ȼ㣬ɵ֮λҲҪɳ׽ɳѡ
ȻϣҲǻȡġ
¾Ҫ˵΢ǿڣֱӳټ񣺡Ů۱£ɵͳɳ
΢һ򣬺΢һϵɹͬ£ڳŮۣĸһϵɹҲһһȻγһƣòɹҲʶĹ¡
һ»ʩ޼һϵɹȦˡ
ʲô
Ͷˣ΢ʲôЦǵûŮŮ۵ĽˣӦô΢ȫ·ƣһֲ


ڰ˰پʮ 
ǣ췣˾ٷ˿̾ȻҲǹ񣬿ڳŮ۱¡
Ҫ֪췣˾ɳĵλǳȻ˾ٶ쾳ɣɳҲӴֵһλˣ˿̷ȷʼδ˵ˣ΢Ҳû뵽
ⲻ֪ǷͶұ֮ǰĸֻãʹͥһŭֱնɱˣɿҪԡ
΢ܰ׾ѩޣȴһĲ·֪΢Ŀģ顣
ϲǷ飬Ե¾ӵټķʽ΢
һ£ûǱʼδԭĸһϵɳ֮ھˣг졢Ѿռݴ˿̾Ȼ췣˾Ҳ˹ȥЩɹǱ΢ոյĽ赶ɱŵĲҿ΢ץǵСӣò˵ԭõƣȻ΢˻ȥ
ʱҲò΢Ȼ֮ǰСˣֲĸһγտʼʱ򣬵һ¾ǽ΢Ĺλȥǳʱ䲻ɳμӳᣬ֪΢ͥϵƿҪ֪΢ûʽΪɹٵʱ򣬾ѾӰ쳯ϵ飬΢ʸμӳʱ򣬻ͥϾûԹ
Ǹ߼ǵǰλ΢֮ϣҲûд΢ֵκκô
ѧʶڲźٳӦܼҲΪˣĸŻὫ΢ִλá
һߵ̫ȷˡ
˿̻ĵ࿴һۣڴ顣
磬ɵ֮λˣ˷ɳʩ޼ѾˣҲԣ
δأģ԰꣬Ҫɵ۲ǳٹͬ⣬ñϲУ֮ܳΪ֮ףΪؾ飬ؾҲᣬ˵ϣǼ¼ɹٵ֣ҪɵۣõϿɣϽעɵ۶֣˳ֻҪټĸǹһأҲȾָɵۣʱɵ۵λãҲ롣
ˣô¸ˣºãʱǾ͸һ׳нټĸô죿δػǵġ
ģ֪ˣɵ۵ʱҲڳҲǾŮӣһǿٵʱʹڵʥ飬˵ɵۣɵۻѡټҿȷټǻеģҪټΪɵۣԸԸ⣿һ⣬ʱй֮ԵһλֵԪ˱ĵӣֻԪ˺ܾ֮ǰѾ䣬ƾϵҲӦûҡ
磬ãǻʲôֹ
ĵ˵꣬ҲЦŵ˵ͷţҪɵۣɳҲûãټĸĪɵۣҪУ鲻ͬѡѡҲǰ״
˵꣬һϵɹٶǳ͡
ûУǶ֮ɳҪɵۣһĹأ⣬鲻ͷ˭Ⱦָɵۡ
ǼǼλĪҪ˹أҲͬΪɵۣϾŮУָܻΪҲ֮飬ȲûµΪͷǻʸִɳ
ĸټɫ΢䣬ټɫΪŹ֡ʱܲټı仯Сʵ㣬ôˣ
ټҲ֪˵ΪԼǡСĹϵ
ɵޱȣΪͨ죬ﵽ˾壬Ҳ쾳ԵɺϽʶ顣ҲǾŮӣʥ飬ȻɵֻۣɵȴԼһ顣
˵鲢û˵ʲôǴݽܣҪ˵ԼҲܣ֮ǰԼĸһ磬ȷ鷳治ͬԼǿǺã
ĸȻҲʶһ㣬һʱ֮䲻֪Ӧԡ
˱飬ǵ⣬ǳȴλȥʾ飬ξ񣡡
ЦſĸټһۣȻȥ
ʱĸټٲԸҲûϾǹءؾǶݵ飬ҲǶݣ飬˵˾ı壬ϹʱڣٵأݣҲԣΪ飬飬ؾ


ڰ˰پʮһ ɵ
Ͼڶ֮ľʱʥ鱻Ͼǰؾ飬ϾžŰʮһ죬ҲңڵĶ顣֮ϾµһɾһɳʱؾԼƹɽɳɹٶᣬҽһɳɵ۲⣬Ҳ뾭ͬ⣬⡣
ؾȻҲƹ磬ȴǱȲġ
ȻؾλȻһˣҲɳɵۣҲȷҪͬ⡣
£ĸ֮ǰҲˡ
ټһۣ˱˴еΣֻһһ
ɷ׷ʩչֶΣ
Ҳ죬ͥԶƬ̾͵·ĸ΢
΢Ҫ鵱òϣҪټΪɵۣǧѡĸ͸κ;ɥ
ĸĪҪżδ룡΢ʱƽȴֿˡ
Ĳ˵΢飬ԼӰġ
ƾľԼ͵ؾĹϵ
΢һɽύ˵ؾ֮飬Ȼ֮ǰ΢Ҳ֪ĸڷСŮǵؾ֮飬Ҳ֮󼸴νӴ֪ҲǶ˵ؾ֮мؾָ΢Σ
ڣ΢ָϻŵؾ֮䡣
ؾλ֮ĹϵԲ˵΢Ȼû飬ؾ֮飬СӦûɣ
΢ؾָעͬʱкؾ֮顣
Ҫõؾָڶ֮ڣ򼴱ǵؾ֮Ҳ΢ĺ΢˼͵õ˻Ӧ
΢ңǸºڷŮͬһ΢࣬ȻǶĳطֻؾָܿǽҲ
û΢˵ؾ֮һ㶣ϲ΢Ȼ޳ɷˣÿ죬ϴμ㣬㻹ǺϵɡˣһʱȥˣҾȻӦĴڡ
˵΢Ȼ֪²˵Щʱۿ͵ˣǵؾˣ㣬øҰɡ
΢ʮ࣬ǵؾ֮鿩һЦʲô¾˵ֻҪܰľƴǡ
΢æǽ龭ò˵΢ڲ˵ãͽ龭ˣô£Ϊɳ𢣬ؾһ΢º󣬵ؾ˵΢Ҳ߲嵶ƴǡ
ؾ֮һЦҵʲô£ԭ£ĺˣ֪أǻȻʮĻˣִƶݴѡ˵ǸټǰҲƷвҲ˵Ҳ֪ô
棿΢һ䡣
ȻҸԱߣɺãؾ֮Ƥ˵΢˿ãλķƢɵúúȰ
еؾ֮Ᵽ֤΢ȻǷˣҲǽŲӯµС
ʱѾ˾ۼ΢һɿо޴ĽɫҳƯȻǱ顣
֣ɳɹ֮档
ʱĵǰ棬̧񣬿Ե붫ʥһ
Ϊͨ죬Գ棬ǧ
һ̣ǴȻ߳һŮӣŮòѱȣһʥ֮
ȻŮӱ顣
飬Ҳǵһȣ֮£ǱȲģֹʮ꣬Ϊֻǵͬں쾳𣬶ֻΪʵսǻ绯
飬ΪѾǶˣ֮飬Ϊ㲻ϣԻȻ湧ȴǲΡ
˵黹Ǹ߲ʣӿʲȴǲС
Ͼݴأ飬ݴ鶼ݴܶ鲻
Լĸǹ̬ҪȻĵǿ̫ࡣ
״вΪȻһ飬ΣԼǺ쾳𣬽пܳɾ쾳飬ҲԲᱻҲ飬ԲôȻԼһͷǶҲС
ʱȲʤȯģ϶ֻҪԼһ˵϶ͬټ̳ɵۣΪ⣬һԼ߾޿ɷĽڣ㽫˵ʱȴ˵λһɼΪ֪ټƷϼѣ̳ɵ֮λҲ˳£Ϊ֮飬յһɾԼвɵ֮ȨգұټΪһɳɵۡ
Ŀɿڴֱɵˡ


ڰ˰پʮ ԭΪ
˵ɵˣǺһȺɹҲû뵽𺳵Уͼǰ
ټҲû뵽˵ķ˼Ȼ֪ɵ۵飬ǺԥͬԼ
Ȼɻ󣬵ټǻǰ
һɾҷһ֮ʽټΪһɵۣɵۼλ취ݣ֣ɣͬ졣
˵꣬һץʰ쵵㼯Ȼл۳һɵ֮ڣټӦæͷϵ۹ڡ
ٿ̧һӣһ䵽УͼץΪʣټֺдɵ֮
ɣ
΢˿̶飬ϳԷԼڴ֮ǸŮӣ˭뵽ڴ֮ľȻǶ顣
û뵽ȻôʹͲټ
˵ˣ˵ˣǴҽ˭һ˳ӵģһɾίнһɳĻҲίշɳĺˡ΢ϣؾ֮Ц
ʱĿһɨͿؾ飬һ壬ôˣͺ˵Ҫܡ
⻰һɲǼ䰲ˡ
ؾʱõеͨ˸΢ҲΪŵؾָҲ뿴ؾ飬͵ؾһ干棬ȻǿԿؾ飬⻰ҲȻǺ͵ؾ˵ģȻ˿ؾ飬ǻ
ɱ㿴ôһĻ⻰ǳ΢˵ġ
ʱ֮䣬ɵһ˵⻰ͱ飬ǾֻڶԼΪϤ׽ʱŻõģ𱸣֮ȫ棬Ǳ飬߷۰Բװװġ
ɣжðһͷ
΢ʶҹϵǳһƶϣΪʲô˵Ͳټ
ڿԭҵˡ
ɫ࣬Ȼ֪λĿˡΪԽĸɵ֮λû뵽ǹһ񣬶ʱĸ棬ԿԽϾĸټǽùϵƫƫĸͷʼûв뵽ɵϣ΢档΢ȻҲֶ˵ãͥø׳н֮ΪʤȻܹϵ
ֲãһֱӲټԭΪ΢
ԭҪǵĲʽҲ򻯵£ڣټѾϵɳɵۣҲǵһλŮۣһĹأͥϽɳٹٹݡ
뵽ЦһҪԼټôһŮˣ붼롣
ѾתҲ߳ŭʲôǵľٶΪǶ䣬ƱػḶۣҲᱳıӵҪǣȫȷɵ䣬һɵûɱǶ䣬Ǿһ·ˡ
Ȼ߳ŭ֣Ҳﶪۣḩ׳Ƴ
ģߣһ˵ֱӻһʣ˭ȥ硣
ĵҲɫһԣȥ
λȻһӶûиټλɵۣҲžѣΨûֶѣһȻҲĺܡ
£һϵɹ٣ʮһλҲǲһԣȲҲټŮۣҲǲһתߡ
ԭʩ޼һɹҲһһʮλҲ˸ɸɾ
һӣڳɹɡ
Ҳĸ˵ԤϵУЩɹ뿪ʵϾΪ˸µѿ˲ӵµִɳ
£ĸټƣǾԸЩˣҲҪɳάµ
Щ뿪ɹ٣뿪뿪ˣҲΪԼѡ񸶳ۡ
ȻĸټҲ΢ϵܣǺͻ뵽һȥˣΪ֮ԻôʹĲټΪɵۣмȸ𾪡
ˣ͸˵ˣһ΢Ǵžη
ټܵǶɵ֮λ˶ܿ΢׹
ֱһбɱͽеľ߶ߣȥһٵ춨ʤ֣Ȼ΢Աġ
΢ҲӦոǱˣ΢һԣλŮϵıûһ˿һĲҪľڳɹûһܱȵǶ˵ġ
µɻͥµۡ΢ʱ򺰵ʱµɹȻԸ⳼ټŮ۵ģȻҪȥǳ


ڰ˰پʮ ټŮ
΢ϵĵؾʱЦȻҲոյһСᣬǺݺݵһ۹ȥ
ǾŮһ۵ɹȥֱһһ£òи棬Դһ񲹣ͱڸ΢ﲨ
뵽˶Ǻëҵ죬΢ֲһ·ƽƣȻǰвôĿɽ
飬飬ҲǵϾˣôһɽֲ΢ɾ͡
ҲԶʵûӲȥ롣ʱЩ̲סü壬ѯʣҲ֪ʱȻټ鷳
˹һ壬ΪֹǿԻӰƵģҲôУʵ鿴΢Ŀе
Ҳ϶΢Ȼʶҹϵһ㣬ȻôԥͲټΪɵۣ֮ǰҲû˺˵£Ȼδ֪
ĸҲôãľͲһˣ΢һȫţ±Լˣû뵽ǿ΢Ťתܾ֡һ£ϣϣԷҪ׳нȴ֪΢»һĺãĸҲ硣
ֻʵ΢ʵϲôǰ֪飬죬ڴ֮йһ֮Ե˶ѡ
ʵϣ΢ڻ֪ɺĸѾдɽҿ񣬸Ƕ
ɵۣ΢ִȻ񷱶࣬ʱ΢һݣҪ뿪Ϊ䵭ɨ΢һۣ䵭ۣ֮˿ãг֮ķͬѰ
Һͽ˵˵΢ٻңؾʱЦĴ΢£һߵߣֱŵؾ
һ̣֣Ѿǿľ
ʱɴӵټŮ۷ͥᣬɵ۵ǻ֮ȻǴ硣
ˣµ۵ǻǾԵĴ£ͥϽڶȹع֮ټŮ̾ɽţų˽磬һ˽緲Ҳõ洦ССʹο֮Ҳһꡣ
ҲǶֶΡ
˿̣˽ڹУԿյһȾ޴ŻӿĿˣԿյʰӿ֣зֵɽҰУ֮޳û֮ϣȺɡ
˻طõɽ紫Ѷ˿ڴ˻£׼μµ۵ǻ
˽ʮˡ
磬ڶɭҲǴ£ٷĶҪ̰꣬ǧ꣬˿Ҳǽֻأˡ
ȻĳǵҲ׼ɽ죬ɵۡ
һдӼɳɵ۵ǻҲǶϷһĿǰϵĴһšɢ޺ɼҲյɳǰ
΢ΪִټĵλټŮ۵ǻҲȫȨ𣬴˿һ´У΢Ըڶˡ
һõź޶ѾȥǷҪͣ棬һ˹˵
λǾˣһǮ΢λõķתģ΢öмӣϾʱ΢ֻƷɹ٣΢Ѿִλھ֮ϣټ΢ڳչֳĿֲֶΣԼѾ贫飬ԼǾ˶΢Ҳù
ˣһпʵ΢ѾǷˣΪȾƷ˻ߣԷֻҪǴͲҲ
Ȼ΢Щյ˾Ҳʮֿ˿Цˣ˼ͻǲͣ
һ룬ͣȱ˵Ҳ˵СǼһ
˵úãͣҲЩźޣȫţҲȥҲͣȥҡؼҺҵĲɵ۵ǻ֮գŸǣֻһλᣬûˣʱԸ΢˿ɱڣǴɳʩȻҪӲҪ˸ˣһǴһټŮµҪռѻģھȱ۵ģǲǿ
ɳڹ쾳ɸ֣ĸټ껹췣˾ķٶλ쾳࣬ҪԸ壬´ࡣ


ڰ˰پʮ ΢
ʱһǰɳѾΪУֵʩ޼ӣӵɣĵҲǸȥʱӦ躹ޣȥ¶˰
Ȼͬ뷨˻ʮִ˵Уĸһı飬ǰȰ΢
΢ɨһۣϵôͷǸˣλۣ˳ưˣʮִ˵еʸڲй޹֡һǰҲǺһ뷨
༸λִ˵ûпֻǿ΢΢
΢ɨһˣɲ֮䣬ɢ˵ơ
¡¡΢´һ˲䣬΢Ƴ죬֮Ҳǵ𶯣ȻǴ
Ҫ֪΢浶ǹɱģûз֮ǰ͸ԺϵɵΪս統Уյߣɱ˭ңûһô΢֮󣬸Ǿɱѵͨƥеģ˿̱΢һɨλִ˶ͷ֮ӣҪ֪˫Ŀɻ㼯Ϊƣ΢ǿκһˣǿк΢ӱȻΪ
һ£۵˶ǰ˵΢ֲÿִλãΪʵ̫̬ˡ
ʶǰԽԼ΢һȽϣ֮ûһ΢Ķ֡
ץǣ΢һǰҲǺϵɣҲõͷ񣬶̶һʱ֮ĵλͷתҪ˵˵жУһ̣ھ޴ѹ֮Ҳ΢λ汾µģֲҲ΢ֲ֮ɢ
ֱû˸ӣ΢ųơ
֮ôǿ⼸λִеһ㲻ĺͲһ΢Ҳ⣬ԼҲһ
λǵλΪΪǿǿԺаԵֻǿ߲ܺаԵҲֻǿߣԵ·ˣƵ
ߣûʸô
΢ܼ򵥣Ҫеִˣ΢ִ˵Ļֻܷӣ˭վ
Ȼû˸վˣѡ˳
΢ĿĴﵽˣҲûбҪٳȥ֮󣬲ŵ˵ûΪһɳƮҡҡ˸ԲҪɵۣҵȶɳҲʵǻͬȫʩ޼ΧɱĸɣͷɳµϺڣΪУ˿̲žԲκһﲻ֪жǣԸһССҶҪǣοһɳңʩ޼ҲҪնɱǽƣʱ鷳ˡУΨͻΧһ·ȻҪͻΧȻѡЩ֣µ۵ǻ綼ڿǵķӦȻˣףһǴһ
΢ⷬ˵նǶĿǰƿļΪ͸֮ϸĥɫ԰ף֪Լ˴
ͬ΢˵ģһѾǷƮҡȻˣǾ͸ҰȺΧɱֻ֪ܣǽȻǱȺǿʳһգΪǿɱͷǣǻһ
Ȼ˵ĻҲû⣬躹ǶԵģȴǲʱˡ΢ڰ֣˵鷴˻ȥ
֮ҵȰݷʱҲֻܷȻҲʶ΢˵е
ֻҪԸҵҲ򵥣Ҫ˵նɱʩ޼ȴЩ˵ˣʩ޼ôöԸҲܺΪһλˣֻȻǲܵ΢˵ġ
΢˵ͷ˽ʽݶãֵλˣһҪµ۵ǻʱλ˸顣
˺Ͱ˵һ㶣΢΢ֲ˵ˣƬ֮ǲŷӦ΢ֻ֪һûд㽫˵
Ҳ˵ⲻ
ʵǰԵִûһҶʣиǶ΢˾η֮ġ
ȵ๫꣬΢߳´֮һ
ôİ
΢һ㶣æͷ񣺡¹΢ĸɡ
΢ģȻĸĸոԣ΢һʼĸ⻯һֱԼ
ò˵쾳־ǲһξȻԼû˿ĸڸոմ֮ڡ
룬΢ֵҲûӣʼչƣλִη峼ܶͶ첻ɣ֮ĸЦˡ


ڰ˰پʮ Ů۰
ĸ˵ͷûж˵ʵ϶΢ֶΣ൱͵ģ˵ҪֶֶΣҪııԣĸ΢εִλöЩðգ˵ҲǼٵģһѺˡ
ͥϣ΢ȺɣȻӲɱһ·ĸ΢׼˻飬ǰ֪飬һٵ춨ʤ֡
΢Ȼ˾٣ҲȻ˽ҲһԨԴ룬վڻĽǶϣȷǻѡþһպ΢ںõĿ
£ĸǡԩ΢ˣ治죬һ棬ҵʱ֪顣
º΢ҲͶڵؾϣԼƾһɽύؾ飬֪Լ˭ܴԼ
΢˵
߰ɣټŮ۽ǹȥ£һЩ飬ҲĽ顣ĸʱ⡣
΢һ㶣ŷӦ
ԼһɳִƷɹ٣Ѿɳĸ߲һǿס죬ʸɳµ顣
ȵ΢һ·ĸ⻯ߵɵǰ΢ŷӦһ·䲻۵꣬ΪټɳƷõʱ䣬Ҳ̶ʮһꡣ
һʮһʱ΢ҲǸ뾩ǵС٣һȣ϶㡣
΢ȻˣԶΪ֮Ԥ롣
ԭֻҪɳΪɹ٣ڣ΢Ѿִ֮
վɵǰ΢Ȼӿд΢΢񣬶ĸŤͷһȴǿ΢ͷͷǰ
ĪǣǼʲô£ĸаȴûд΢Ƭ֮΢Żع΢ǰæǹǸ
޷΢ǷˣƷˣҲԽɸŲƵݣʺ֮أΪҲкôĸ˵ǿ磬Ҳ΢ѾǷˣȻǲκӰв
ҪҪᵽ΢ûãǿ԰˾ͲŪˣһֱҪԼİĸֱϵˣµҲ
΢ĸɵרɵ۵ɹѾ꣬ټŮ۳ɵۣҲٴá
˿̣ɵĿУ꣬ţͯӼǨ췣˾ٷڳ˵Ѿɳ߲㶼һãȻΪǵλ΢ǵ׵һûӣֻǰ
췣˾ٷԲ˵ţͯӼǨ⣬Ҳᰴĸ֮ǰԤģֱΪµȻΪϣǺƻǼǨǲһЩǷǳʱڣҲûбİ취
΢һܣʵû
ټŮ۵ǻ֮գĸʱ˵ʵϣɳĵλҲ⣬ɽ쵱Ψһһĵط죬ѿأ絥һ
ҲɳʱԼʱ֮ʴڣҲֻһͷѡ
Щ΢Ȼ֪ôһ쾳ãֱǱʱ΢Ѿ˼
ͬʱɵټŮ۴˿վһ̨ͤУ׳۵ķ羰
ʱɵҲڴ˹۾ɫɣȴֻʣһˡټӻ䵱ѹ˵
ټ㣬Ҳ̫˸УɵۼȻǰ˲õˣΣպ鷳ҲȻԷ׻ȻҲ̳ɵ֮λӦԴΪءʱȰ
Ȼֻ֪ȴסҪȥ룬ãгһգ㻻ң΢ɵۣڵĸܡټŮ˵꣬Ҳǲ֪˵ʲôټ˵̫£ֽסȥ롣
΢һιûãټɵ۾˼æ񣬱Ͼزɷϣɵ۾ɵۡ
ʱ΢һۣŨŨ⣬΢Ȼ֪£Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ
Ϊټµ壬Ե΢ûӺκܽӴȻɵ֮󣬾͸ܣΨһһ΢ջ顣
תһ룬ټ𺣣ȨǱˡ
ټǻգʽεͬʱҲ˵ˡڹټŮ۵İף֮⣬ҪɳͬʱӦ⻼вòԵģټ֮󣬾ܾټŮ۶뿪ɹ١
δǣ˵ǰ֮ء


ڰ˰پʮ 
ЩɹپܾټŮ۵ݣǲִ²ס˵²֪ж˶ţͿټλɵδ¡
΢ҪҲ¡
ټŮۣ¾ɹϢáĸһ̬ȣʵھҪټΪɵ۵ʱ֮ˣҪΪѾɳһҩ
زҩҽһûġ
ɹ٣ͬϵĶ⣬ڳֻҩΣ£ȴҪǵģһܻغ
ȻЩĲ̣ҪȰһ룬ûпڡϾɳѾ˿̲ݻĵزǲ㽫ڲһȫǱȫһɳˡ
˵췣˾ٷ뷨ȻǺĸıϣ˿ϳһģЩɹĿɳɷᵳӪ˽Ϊڣҽط˲ЧȣЩĻ֮ͽ
ôټŮһ䣬ȻѾ˴㣬ǿѯʣ˵뷨
Ѿɵ֮𣬵ټԼҲδؾͿȫʤɵһְͳʮ˹
Ҫ֣ĸȻǾεģȻһڣ۹İְ͸ˡ
뿴˭һ˵ϡ
ΪϳͣҲǷַģ͵ʲôϾͺʣ壬Ҳڱıѧ̫ˣ͸ǻۺֶΡ
̵ȻǸְ죡
Ϊ췣˾٣ֶ൱ģܵնɱͿԿ·ʽ
ټŮҡͷǱƼˣ˶ıָΣ
һ·Ҳסˣȷⲻɹ٣ϰɹ٣ֹҪȫְ죬˵ЩĻᷴˣˣɻһʩ޼ôɣʩ޼϶ֵˣΪԺ׽Щɹձ࣬ǿԽı˵ɵ۴ѹ켺ıҲǲѶΪ֮ܵõӦϿɡ
ټŮסˣҲ֪ζԴ
ԱţͯӼǨȻòʲôóľŪĻֶΣǺ˿ְȻãڶ࣬Ǳ̫òʧΥɹٹٽһƷɹԸת⣬Ҳɼ¼ãִԿͳȥְΪɡ
һ֪ⷨǱȽף£ⷨʣϾⲻһɹ٣ռɳ֮һЩȻ֪ΪǼΪףǾ˶ڣǾ޿֡
ϾټֻϵɵۣûжӦɵ۵ΪЩɹٲŲη壬޿֡
ټŮһв⣬Ҳǵ˵ͷҲʧΪһӣ΢ʲô
˵УټŮľ΢
֮ǰ΢ɵλȡģԲ֪УټŮʱЩ΢Ҫ΢ν¡
ͼ΢һ񣬳ķȻУα겻αЩɹ֮ԸôΪпɽĵһԭʩ޼һ𣬲ƣǿʵ䷴ֽ⡣ν廹ϵˣҪǣôǵĿɽ뷨ӡʩ޼ıѾʵӦ̵ؾΪһһϵɹ٣ҲȫؾҪȫѺϸ飬˭ʩ޼йᣬһ

仰ĸ΢΢ͷֻǶʩ޼һϵ֣ӰҪСܶ࣬ҶԸ˳
ͣƬ̣΢ֵĵֻͬ˲δһɳȻʩ޼ᲢۣҶλǵܷ͡
˵ʱڳ˶ϸţȻǱ΢Ļע
΢΢΢һЦô˵Ǻ쾳ָ֣Էʲôܽܵ飬Ķԭ£һ뾡һз£ûɳվ̨һ˾֪֪һк쾳ġ
ӿ϶ǵģ£ʵȻҲҪ֪ġ
΢֮ǰΪɵ֮λȻôҪһɵ֮λǾ͸һֺη
һ仰˴󾪣Ҳ֪΢϶к󻰣Ҳϸţ΢ֵϲ˵սռһ޴ĸΪϽڹɵۣǴľ޽ɹôɵ֮ټŮдһگ⻯浽ΪһϽڹɵۣ϶ܣϾҪͬڴһͬλɵ۵ͷֻҪܣ͵ͬǳټŮ۵Ĳ⣬ôЩɹȻ


ڰ˰پʮ ı
΢ĻټŮۣĸɻǷˣ۾һҲһϲ
Ȼ΢̫ˡ
ɲһΪںˣ΢˵ļеԷϴ֮Ϊܵʩ޼Ĺƻ󣬲ҲǱ˲ٿ֮Ȼ֪ʩ޼Ĵ㣬Ҫָɳ
ȻǲټŮۣҲϲɵۣʣһˡ
ֻҪһͲɳҲΪˣټֻ֮һŭ֮ȥû顣
ȻҪ棬Ǿ͸Ҫɵ۵ҲԸֻҪܲ⣬֮ǰһЩìܾͿԻ⣬ˡ
ɳҪһϵе̯ӣǾܽҪ쵶նһģͬ飬ֻӽ£
һ쾳ֵͼֵ˭
ֻҪ㶨ôԻƴӵĵȻҲ£ˡ΢˵꣬ĸȵͷкá
üıҿԻԸĲһϽڹɵۣȻܣɵ֮ǴһһϵɵۣԲܾĸһߴһ˵
ǷҲĿɿڴ΢ԴôģȻôŹֵķӡ
ɷϣⷨӵȷֱԡ
ꡢͼǨҲ뵽ıֻһִگͽ˻ĵ£
ټŮʱЩǣȴ൱ˣڵıһأһϲ
Ƭ̣ټŮ۵ⷨһλɵۣȻϵģҲδػͬ⡣
΢ǵĺˣֻϵĲ⣬ûʲôʧ£Ϊ쾳֣һͬ⣬뷨ȥ˵
һ뵽΢Ĺϵ΢ôƱȻϵһ㡣
ǣҲпܻܲ⣬ʱָô죿ټŮǽеǶ׳
ǾǻҲɵıοһܣֵΣ
΢Ц֪һˣگ
⻰һĸһӦǶ΢ļޱȡǨǴϾɽܳвϣϾӰӣüǨȥҪѻһˡ
ǲܣǾҪһ뾭ѵĴŻԵء
ֻҪӦ֪ܲõķӣҺôҺá
΢£мɰգټĶʱʵ
ųɣ΢ʮֿ϶˵
ãױдگټŮ۵İִ΢ļƲߡд֮󣬸Ǹɵ۽ӡȻŵǱߣȥȰ˵ɡ
΢ͷ£д㣬ʵ΢ԼûȰ˵飬İնڵؾϡ
ֻҪߥ޵ؾȥ¾ʮɰա
ʩ޼һϵɹ٣ҪǵִĨҲȺã˼ҵͬ⡣
Դɵ֮΢ֱ
΢ƷˣλԶǰȣ֮ɶõ񣬲һ˿
յ죬΢ͻȻӦȴһһ˾סɳϿա
ɸ¥̨λڴ˴˵лλŮɡ
һģʵ˴˿̱һɽޱȣ뷢ƮȻλŮͬγ̫ء
óǶλŮһ˰ĽԲŽԼͬΣӻᣬλŮɵУһŮ˵һˡ
ã˵Ѳ˾ôˣûȥ̫أ羰˵ǳ֮أϣ̫سˮҲô޴ûȥͨ츮ĹֳֿԼһǰȥһŮЦ˵ԣһŮͲȴòޱȣ
֤֮΢ʹɳǰѲ˾һѲٵĲ£΢϶Ҫһֻ΢Ľս磬Ҳ͸ǳ
΢ʧ٣Ȼż֣Ҳ֪żûãţ˲ϵĲ̽ںҦʥǶҲ΢ԼżҲ޼¡Ѳ˾Ĳ£ȻҲΪΪ˵͵Ѳ˾֪΢ã˲֪Щ
ŮɵУòҲڳ͵ģȻò׷ҪΪ£δͷ˿ǸģޱȵĹˣ׷һλˡ


ڰ˰پʮ Ǻɽ
˲ͬλ˶ֶΣǽѲ˾һλŮɺ£Ȼæ׷ξҪԼԺһȥ̫档
ȥǹȻзƯŮɡ
Դ˵ȻûǸ飬΢ĸһͬȻҲ֪ˣֻ⼸ɳ̫࣬΢ҪæĶҲʤ΢ûлɸֻںҦʥԼˣǰġ
֪΢ȻΪˣ˵ΪʮִȻ˿ͬʱҲǺܲˣϾ΢ûеһʱ
СŮ˼ڵѾͤͤ΢ʱǸСŮ
ŮҲŮˣŮ鲻õʱ򣬶һЩͲʤ䷳ûģһֱӵľܾˡ
Ľ㣬һһҪѲɽ磬Ͳȥˡֱܾ˵ΪԱǸĵŮһֱȰҲֱӳԷ˵ġ
ǽĵŮüͷһ壬˵ãҲˣÿԼ㣬㶼ܾҪ֪ͨ츮ҲǰƷɹ٣ҹѾΪ˵˵ʮ꣬лϵɣʱΪλҲȻȥʱҪշ϶Ǵ࣬˾һλſɹ٣֪ҪΪ£ֺαǾǧ֮أ
аĵʶ̧٣˿ɲͨ츮İƷɹ٣˼ǻиĿɽΪֻкôǶԷԼĶԸ⵹ȥ
Ը΢еʱ񣬴˿ⷬüͷһ壬û£ұˡ
ȻѾٶ˵ʲô
ĸһ䲻ʶôǱ߷Ĺȴ΢Цǲȥ̫Ҳ޷£һͬѲɽ֮
Ȼ˸һ鹷ƤҩճˣҪ˦ɲס
΢˿̾Ӹ£һĻҲüͷһ壬ΪЩ˲ԼվǰЩҲԼĴڡո΢ǲϢŸ˹û뵽ôһĻ
΢Ҫ˵ʱ΢Уͣ¶ٿԶ
ǹ˵ĻȻʮŭҪڣһҫһǾϲɽ硣
⻯ΣһλǽξٺɽξٺɽĽ⵱дЩģҲЩǷϣɫ׵Ŀ£˸Ϊ
ͼξٺɽ֮ɨһǱĹˣչ˵ǲɧ㣿
û˵ǱߺѾʮֲһмξٺɽҿû¸ɣʱ仹ǹ˹ԼɣϹʲôġ
˵꣬ǹɹҲЦɨһξٺɽҵ˭ԭħ˾ξٺɽ˵ǰӣ˸ΪڹҲαɵΪ㲻úõ뷨ΪסԼĹλȻй¡
⻰ξٺɽɫŭɽ磬ߣǡ
ˡҪǹɹҲϹҲסɫӣҼཻ㶼ԣҵ۹⼫ߣȴѾͬһξٺɽмӣʵ۹ĿԣʧҺ֣һһʲôõģΪֻÿ£˶ãαΪά֣ʱλֺοѰգ
Һ˭һθɣڣأҲŸɾһ㡣ҲԸͣ˿Ƕŭ˵ֳźĵĽ㣬ǰҲչˣǵͬΪıԺҲټɡ
ߣΪ˹ˣΪɧΪ˭ôһɫ;˲ŲţҺһַѲ˾ȥҲ˺Ƥʼ
ҲˣҪȥͶԷۣξٺɽȴǽסǸҲѾΪ϶ˣֲʲôô
Ƿξٺɽǰھһɥ֮Ȯ磬㲻Ǻڴ˹ϵҲȲ㣬Ҳǰ㵱һòоͶˣ죬ҲһʶȻһоɱ㣬㣬ҲûʲôһͳԶˣʱҶԪʱ򣬶Ȼ񣬵ʱ֪ʲôԵ³ǹҲԲαװ˺αƺ˹ģԳпɽϲľŮˡ


ڰ˰پʮ ֶɽ
ԷȻξٺɽǲȻŭµڣҲõգɸһս
˵꣬ξٺɽɽγָڣһæţЦһξٺɽ֪ﲻסҪ֣ҵģɲˣʧɱ㣬ҲУ˭Ҳ
Ҳǰγһֽʽ
Ҳһλɣ֮˭˭ξٺɽжԹֻһֱξٺɽѹһһξٺɽܴΪɵҽΣԹڱû֪ƽξٺɽߵĽר׷ֻҪһ뵽ǿԽŮŪ֣ξٺɽ
ǹ⼤ŭξٺɽƶԷԼ֣һ˽ڡξٺɽΪѾ䵽αɾ磬ֻҪ˵ֱӽԷ˸ϵӴ˱һɡ
νɣ
ǾǴ˵䵽˵֣˵κηɶжɽĿܣΪ϶Ϊ˸Ϊ䣬Ҫ޲ǲܵġ
٣ôһֲпܣɽмɣ
ڿԼɹļŭξٺɽ֮󣬹ںǵ⣬Ѿãһֱӽξٺɽ˸һξٺɽĳһ޷Ŀܡ
ʱޱȣȻ֪ξٺɽĿǰΪˣ˸ΪǹڵĶ֡
ҪǰζùξٺɽʱǱߺȴһ¡
ã֮ĶͲҪˣξٺɽս˾ɱҲ˵ʲô㿴žͺáĵЦΪҲԽ¡
Ǳ߹ѾǵȲȹ֣ҳ־ɱУ̳ʮߵЫ̽
ĽЫʴɽЫβ̳ԵޱȣҽһУҲᱻʴ⽣ȻǴЫشξٺɽʴԷ壬ԷɷɣӴ˻Ųһ
ʮߵЫת˲ξٺɽǿΪɽҲǶԴ̶Ȼɲ֮佫Էʮ£ֻĵۿҪѨξٺɽҧгȻвʣʱҲֻ̾ˣ֪²ΪԼΪ̫࣬Ҳ赲
ɲǣξٺɽͻȻоһ峺ǿͷӿ룬Ȼ˲ȹѾѵɵ
ˣȻΪµĽ⣬ͷ·ΪһäκۼȻΪһȴһ
ԭ磬Ȼ˹׳ۣǰԽ⣬Сһ㡣
ξٺɽȻֻǳҲջ񼫴󣬴˿̾Ȼſһ磬ϢΪĵڵЫɢ
һֻǷڵʯ֮䣬ξٺɽ֪Ҳ鿴˭
ѹû뵽ξٺɽȻԵĶʮߵЫһ㶣ҲǷӦʲôʲôˣ죬ȻҶ£ҹ
ȻҲǿξٺɽȻ̫ͣԷôξٺɽģ֪ͻףһģΪٶǷ
ξٺɽģȻ΢˵ξٺɽΪͷξٺɽ΢Ľ飬΢Ҳܿˡ
ոһ֮΢ǿΪ޸ξٺɽѵɵǼ˶һЩԼԽ⣬ξٺɽ˲ĵΣ
ʱ΢Ҳһ߳ոһֱڣֻطϢ˿˿΢߳ҲǷ豹棬û˿Ϣ͸ȥͬһˡ
Ȼ˲ܳɽ졣
΢˲䣬۵һȥ΢ĸ磬ˣ˿̼΢ȻǼޱȡ
˺ˣˣⲻû𣿡΢֪֮ǰĵģʱЦ˵
ξٺɽҲһ㶣΢֮󣬱֪ո΢Ȼмûü˵ʲôǱߺѾƿڴʲôҲʲôط˺ξٺɽƽȻӸ档
ҲǶ΢ȴǸоȥЩ죬ֻһʱ֮벻Է˭
΢ɨһۺģǹɼŮ˿Ի
үҲѲ˾ġʱ˵΢̴ϵ˵ٴˣãҴֳԣүүĽҡ


ھŰ ䷲
ֳĸǲмˣͨ츮Ʒɹ٣˾˸ɳƷɹٴ޴ˣҪԸͺһֻϲࡣ
ޣ
΢ˣԷλͣΪҲǺϵɾʩ޼һϵټŮܲ⣬ޱȥɹеһԱ
ĺ͹ΪǵĿɽⲻ֪λɽϾҪǶ΢ֱǿЦ
ʱξٺɽҲڷӦȴǼæǰ񣬿ƣݼˡ
Ȼ΢ϵܺãܣɳĹزɷϣ΢ѾǷˣѾƷɹ٣λʮִ֮ףλԶǰ΢ξٺɽˣ
һˣǱ߹Ķɵˡ
ʱˣǰ΢һ棬˿̻˵ɲǸ΢ô
Ȼ
Ȼֳ»ˡ
ȻҲпɽλɽȻܺڵ΢Ტۣ΢Ҫ⡣
л֣̿Ҫ֪ԷǷˣһŪҪµģ˼תҲǷӦʱԲӲæӲͷƤǰ¹ͨ츮ڣݼˣ֮ǰ֪ˣ
ڵȷǺ£΢λ̫ߣǶԷҪԼԼҾ˾˴ҲﲻԼԼҾ˾ǱҲıΪ֮ǰֵʩ޼ԴǲòټŮۿ
»ʲôҲûףҲܿľ΢ʱԲ¶ˣԼ˾鷳
΢ɨһǹڣȴûдԷǰξٺɽ𣬵ɽֵ֣ܣ˶񡣡
Ǳ߹ڸһļ£ξٺɽ΢ϵãǰҲ˵ξٺɽͷ죬ҲͷڶβξٺɽԹڲŻһһƣٵ뷨ӳ׷ϵξٺɽξٺɽ֣޿֡
û뵽΢Ȼһְξٺɽ
Ȼкܲ治΢λǰȻ̷
ֻҪϴ΢ӦòΪԼϵ飬ҲţȻɳɵۣɵɹٲϿɣ˾˴޾˵λɵۿ϶Ϊ˴ֶǨǣ΢Ӧò׷
ֻϧܿټŮۻ΢ʩ޼һϵɹٽдá
һ̣΢ɨһںǱߵĺģƽ΢ãֶ˲ұ֮ȥ˵ĹλΪΪɣ¼á
˵΢̧һӣϢѹȥһεѹǽںͺɨɳȥ˲ҽ˸ֱ飬Ϊ٣һ£ֱӱ΢䷲Ϊˡ
˻ûȨ΢ˣȻȨ˶ʲôöǸҶ֣΢ǣ΢Ͳ΢ˡ
ֹϣ飬ȻûнնɱȥɹٹλȥΪΪ˴뷲ֱɱǻҪܡ
ţһŮʱú÷ʡͺ֮ǰΪ
ˣ᲻鷳ξٺɽʱЩģȻ֪΢ټŮһسټŮɳҲɹٶӵΪСӰ쵽֣Ǿ͵òʧˡ
ɽ磬зִ磡˿ûˣ΢һЦָյӣһ亮ɽһУξٺɽһȣ֪΢ֵƾǰˣǸпڶ޷޸ƣ΢ոֻһڣȻѾ޸Ҫ˶ãͿԻָʢʱڣΪ΢һЩ⣬ξٺɽоԼһø˵Ϊпܺϵɡ
үɽ޸ˣʱҲǿ⣬Ǽʵ
΢һеıǿƺξٺɽ⣬Ȼ£΢϶棬ξٺɽƷΣ΢˭кøУ΢ȻҲ档
ģ㺮ɽƲʲô£ϵɾ۷βˣȴǿԡ΢˵ɣʵϸոһȴ΢һΪҲξٺɽ΢Ҳδá
֪΢ˣξٺɽҪָķ˾Ѷȿ֪ҲΪˣڲųٳûӽξٺɽκãΪ֪˿϶ΪξٺɽΪ


ھŰ٩һ ʼ
º΢ξٺɽԼ˵͵Ѳ˾ͨ츮Ϊĺ͹˾õˡ
΢˵Զ˵ҲΪ
Ȼں档
û뵽ؾſڵԼһʲ֪֪ԼõؾſҪʲô
˵΢ʲôطˣؾ΢ͷһʵ档
飿
΢Ȼҡͷ֮ǰҲֻڴ֮һΣ̸
ûУˣҽ˵ˣ㣬ʲôº˵ȥתؾһɻ
΢Ҳ֪ô£ʹҪؾ£ԺٺһЦԼҪɵ
һǽʩ޼һϵɹȫڶǲ⻯ΪһϽڹɵۡ
ؾһ૵һ⣬ڶ¡
΢Сһ£ؾǿһЦóôһֽǸӾͷ̴õǺãӻ𣿡
΢ȻŵģЦ˵Ҳ£Ҳ󣬻ѾǺ쾳֣˵Ϊϣ棬ѾĿǰֻһͷ˵ˣҪͷһ棬ȻˣǾ͸棬һҲûɲܣµҲֻ뵽˵ʵ뵽ַӵ˶ȥˣֻ
Ϊʲôؾʵ
΢Ȼ˿ɲʶ㣬ҪŪôһ⣬ȻӦҲֻ㣬Żæ
⻰΢Ȼڹάؾ飬ߵȻóһЦô컬࣬æҰǣҲֻǾҽ𲻴Ӧҿɲұ֤
΢æһ񣺡ܳɲɣ΢еؾ顣
ãƬ̣ؾ˵꣬һڹʧ
֮ڣܿ۴£һ˵΢ҲЩֶΣ˵ûǱҪôɣұȻͬ⣬һҲɵ۵ǶϷϽҲжӦ飬ԽⲢʡˣҲûʸв֮£Ȼ˵飬æҰˣȥǷһ飬ԺҪġ
΢ûãһڷϮؾЦĳ֣΢һ֪鶨Ȼǰˡ
ѾӦ˵Ƿһ飬ԺҪġؾһ˵΢ͷȻԺؾеǲ΢ȫԸ
лؾ飬΢æϻɵ
һߣĸҲûţϽһϵɹٽԸ飬ǵɱɽ磬ȫµ۳ò
ټŮ۵ǻϣҪʩ޼һɹٷѣҲҪֹ֣Էǽ
΢Ľ飬ҪЩɹȫѺϼӿܣܽѿأֻ´ǾǱ췴
鶼ɵĽţҡؼһҵѾ´ǲɳǽɳҪʲôҲ˽ڡȻ΢ҾԲôҪԸңɳʱڲ֣Ҫıԡ
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ǾǽúؼҺңң³ҺңԸҡΪǴͷģףؼҺҶϡͿ˴Ҫǣ֣ҪԸƾĿǰɳҲǼΪѵģͬҪ뷨ӽʩ޼ֿһ΢Ҫģơ
˵Ҳ򵥣è嶼ɳ͹ȥϣ΢ҪúؼҺҶҲ¼ɣ֮Ȼ³ҺҲһ
ȻûʲôֶΣԷҲԲϵϾӹҲɵӣ΢ȴơ
⣬΢аҳԲ˶ߣͬôҲǷֻȫ
һ˼ȫԲʲô¡
͸ҵҲ΢ױд
Ȼŵķˣ΢Ҳǽ˺ܶ飬öԷȥš
ͬ⻯گҲѾⶨã΢飬ټŮ۵ǻϵҪ㻯ӡ
ţ췣˾ٷͬһ⣬ֱӸŵȥ֮ҲЩģʵϵǶźȫһʵЩĪסţҲǶȫһֱۡȫǾûʲô˵ˣһȫǰѾǶͷĶԹɲô׻ġ


ھŰ٩ £ʹ
ݣҡ
ӹɫϣǱŮ±ɱѾжʱˣȴǲ鲻ʲô˿֪ں֮֡
Ȼûۿµʬ壬ӹѾˡ
Ϊҵϵƹ֮ڣȱӻҵϵɣƱػѡ
µһ֮ǰѾѡ
ʱǻм쾳ļ徫ߣҲѶӹҲϼ޻ϸһ룬֪Ծ
ݣôɱˣ쾳˵ָ
˵ĸֱһ㣬֮⣬û˭
ȻȻӹʼɡ
⼸еһ͵͵ɱԼŮҲֻ
ô˭
ӹһɵľ³Һҡ
³ҺҲͣҲ֪飬ּĶԹҪ׷ݵһʱĶԹͬ˿ƣȻϣ໹һԼ˭ףлζԷأ֮϶
ʱӹĸǰ˵жһɳʹǰ
⻰ӹͷһ
ϴ˫Ӻͳ͵룬˵һȥΧɱһɳĸɣ˭֪Ȼǳɵۡ
Ȼºĵ˵ǲģȻǼðģӹҲûȫţʮֺڲǴжϾұȲȫһһȫëһңȻҪù
ʱ󲿷˼Ų˭Ůϣһûж룬˿һɳʹǰҲ֪Ҫʲô
ӹܶתһ룬Ǹı뷨ŪһɳʲôһҲиӦԡ
ʹǰ΢Ǹˡ
λ˽죬΢ʱΣ˿ȫ΢̣һֺĿˣӹ˵ֱӶԷ΢ױдȻԼŰ졣
˵꣬ٶ˵һ䣬ͷߡ
ӹüͷһ壬ԱҲپҲһŭɫҪӹ¡
ӹȻΪʹǵӣ˵һɳΪݣԷſеһòҪǡ
ϾһǴһҪԸһҲȫǣͷӹ˭ձһҪҵ鷳ǾԵסġ
Ż뿪ӹٴһɫһ䣬һ˿ŭ⣬лЩɫ
΢ȫʽĿǣҪǰȥȥҪɳɾɱȮ
񣡡ӹһ䣬Щ£תһ룬ԣʱԼкɽةҲΧɱĸɣΪֻû᣿
ӹоԣǽϼҾ׷˳ȥȻ֣ɳʹźؼҶȥ
ĪǣǷֱ´ӹ룬͵͵ߣںؼҺҶأ֮õϢ
ɳʹȥ˺ؼңҲȥңȥ³Һҡ
ͬǣļҶǼʹȻǢ
ɵӶܲè壬ΪһʹǺϻ˵һ䣬ȥ⼸ҾǰǢ
ӹʼ˼룬ðһɲԾͷ
³ҺҺұԴϴδػؼҺҲûôϵ
µ飬ټϽ飬ɲӹȥ˼롣
һЩ飬º˼룬Խ룬ԽǾõԼĵ̲ᷢסȥ롣
Զ̶̰ʱ䣬ӹüͷԽšԽʼɹ
еǺֵһ˵ӹǼλֵҲǺӹ뵽һȥˣΪȻè塣
ұ˸˰ɣӹһܵʱͻȻðһ䡣
ӹǿһ£ȻҲĵ顣
ʱҵ̽ӴһϢ³ҺжλȻǴŸҵľ뿪ݡ
˵һɳµ۵ǻ³ҺҾȥصģҪһǿǴĲǺһǾ鷳ˣҪǾȥһʱƽ˾ӹһֵʱ˵
Σȥһ붼룡ӹһ䣬һ䣺ؼҺأûж
ʱûУ磬ؼҺҽãӦòҵɣӹСһܵ˵
ǿδأĸƤɲ


ھŰ٩ 
ؼҺã㣬ΪģֻЭֵܵס³ҺңȻ类³Һ̵ͷʣˡ
ǲʱ䣬ǺҹԶҲʵɳʹ˵ҲϺؼҺңʱһұȻ֮أ£ɲ
ԼֵۣӹԽǷꡣΪµ飬Ӿͱһŭ˿£ôܺõˣ
ӹǼֵʱ򿴵ӹı飬Ҳûм֮ǰĻ⣬Ȼ֪ӹΪʲôա
һ˳˺µͽûв˿𣿡
Ƕӹֵܣµ岮һȻ֪µ飬Ҳ֪ѾӹĲ
ӹײкеʱ򣬾ֵҲҶײӹӹΨ³谮мӣҲΪˣŵ㱻߻Ը
»ûκϢʱ򣬶Էֺλ쾳ûѣ˵֮ˣ쾳֣ӵ쾳֣ͬʱͺйԹģѾָ
⻹ʣ壬쾳ɸ֣ҿ³Ҿҡģץ֤ݣǵΪ±𡣡һƢ𱩵
ʼգӹû˵ʱ䣬飬ͬոλƢ𱩵ĵܵԣ֪˭£˭ҪԷɱ
ʱεĴܼǰ˵Ҫ
ʲô£ӹַĸоͷ·𱩷ǰǰ㡣
λҴܼҲͷƤ飬ӣڵõϢ֮̾ˡ
ү̽Ӵ̽һڴСϢܼһû˵꣬ӹһץͽǸΪֻз˵Ĵܼץ˹ȥŵĻɢӹȴʵʲôϢ˵
ǣǣү֮ǰ˼Сȥ֣⣬³ҵ³һҲȥ֣ʱϸպϡܼҼæ˵
ӹһȻһǰľľ˸ϡãҪ֪ľò˿ľģͽһ㣬ӹλ쾳ǰȿ鶹Ҳ˶١
³һһº³һйڵģʱŪĻͦ󡣡ӹǸƢ𱩵ĵܵ˵һ֪һеı顣
⼸ȻûҲһ뷨ӹȻҲҺ³Ҳһ׼ңԼҹŮЩʱ³ҵĴ³һ£ƸҲӦˣΪǽԴϲ֮£һҲܻ֮ǰŵĹϵû뵽ڳǰһ죬³һץĻᡣҪ֪³һ³ҴӣλȻΪҲߣһ㶼²Լδ˹ң³һܵˣֱӽǺĻĿնɱҲ˺³˲ĳУԼȡǽ˴Һ³ҹϵǵûлͣԽĵжԡ
£ӹ֪ԼҹŮĲԣҲûй𷣣Ҳʱȥ
˵³һµܴ裬һֱǻģ±͵͵նɱ³һʱȥ֮أ˵ӹⱾͶ֮ˣǷӦٳٶ۵ģҲⲻһ롣
Ҫǣ³һ˵ǰøոճɾ쾳ɣ³ҵ쾳ɸ֡
ҪҪʱʱ䣬Ҫһɱµͽ³һûˡ
Ϊˣӹ˱ŭﻹһ˿أʵϢɿ𣿡
ܼҼæͷɿʱֹһ˿Ҳṩ֤ݵЩ˻֮ûʲôϵûʲôͨˣûɣҲûе˵ѡ
ӹͷ¾ûˡ
ܼ£ǷĵģȻǼ֤ˣӦþû⣬Ҳ˵Ϣ׼ȷһ³һɾ㲻ʮɰգҲа˳ˡ
³һˣҲɱ㣬ұ㲻ӹӹͷޱȣ˿϶³һµ֣侲Ǻߣȥɱ³һ
磬ǧ嶯³ҲǣοǻͬˡһӳȵȰһ䡣
ӹŮĳ⵱ıҪң³ҺͰˣͬҪָ£һ£ǣǺԥվһǱߣǵǻҪǶˡǼ;񶼲ڣһᣬȥǵĸʱȫΪվ̨³Һҵļ;Ҳûӣõʱһ򾡡


ھŰ٩ 
ȻͷϣӹдͿǵģò˵ǵĺеû֮ǰһʹ£³Һңֻµ飬ӹҲδػ˳嶯£⼸һоһ޴вͬҲһᡣ
ȿԱҲһݵĽ³ҺңʱݣұȻ
磬ǺؼҺǱߣҪҪ֪һҲ
ʱãɽةҲ˼϶ߣԼмＸˣЩûǰţܵеù³Һң壬⣬ӹȥǣȵ³Һңټȫŵ֧֣ͿԳưʱ򣬺ؼҺҾ͵øǳƳʶ̧٣ǣǲʶ̧٣һˣ֮أԺԳƵۡ
ӹĲǼֵҲĳȣ˵㣬ǵȷֵðһԡ
ԴһȥȫĳͣһĴ㣬ҲҵĴ㣬֪ͦңҾͶ뵽һǱߣһȫȻȫ֧ǡţҲһȥ磬˫ӣȫŵ֧֣ߣ³ҺʲôӹԽ˵Խ·ҵһ·
ϸһ룬һᰡ³Һҵļȸȥ˶ݣ͵ϮĻᣬֻҪڴ֮ǰͳһݣҾΪİ
ʱ򣬾ڶԴԴԴϵṩ˵Խһº쾳
һͻƵ쾳Щƨʲôһȫ˫ţҲԺƽƽ
෴ǲץסᣬ³ҺҺһϣһѾ˺ؼҺңһ鵽ʰĵزôԼҾûз̵ĻˡԼӦһɳԻһ·ӹȴԸ⡣
ܵһɳȥܴ裬ȻǲܴӦ
ҪǣӹΪŮ±
½裬̫̫Ĵ£ӹҲҪ˭ɱӹҪɱ˭³һҲһ
֮ǰõϢǣ³һ³ңõĻᣬ³ң˿ֻ³һôһ쾳ɣ쾳ɣȫȻԴһֲ
³һ編ңʱٴȫ˫쾳ɣݣ˭ܺԼ档
ӹټеľҲǷϵȫϣһȥɱ³һ
ӹٶȺܿ죬һҾȫϣһλչصĳλҲҵڶλ쾳ɸ֣Լ쾳λ쾳ʮһλˣѾһƥе
ּ֮ӹǴɱ³ҡ
Ϊǿ
ͬʱϿս⣬³ҺҵλԼҵľ񼯽ڴˣ˿̣ڹ۲ҵĶ
֮⻹дһɳʹҲȻС
Ȼǲû뿪ǰй۲Ҷ̬
֪ӹҵľɱԼ֮³ҵļ³ɫΪѿӹǸҶ³ҳ֣ãܺãҴӽԺ󣬾ʹɡ
ԱҼԪҲǵͷһĻ˼ʱѣǲܶϤҵı
Ա߻һЦСºҳݣ裬֮ǰȻȫΧɱһĸɣɳҲгԹͰмǣ֪нȫưҰģ͵Ϯ³ҲżȻǱȻһɳµ۵ǻҲҪѣ³Һұѡҹȫһ֧֣ҲǡΣѾ߽ؼԼҵˣֻԸһңţҲòһˡ
Ǳ³ҺҵļͷΪ˵ĶʵҹȻĻ룬£ؼҺҿ϶ҲжһιȻûκηӦ
ԻĻһʼôţˡ
һһҲǻ£һֻǽύѣҪǸ׳ƳǺгġҪܽͳһɵӲŲϡ
λӱΧɱҵľ
˿̿еһУǰ΢ƽУ˵ֱ©ѾͶء
һʼ컹΢ε˲ôŷǾ粵飬ȫŷˣûκλɡ
㣬ҵ󼰣пһȻ£³Ҿ֮ء


ھŰ٩ ǧһƳ
Զڶݵ΢Ҳʱһ£Ѿ׵ʱ䷵һԼɸ
֪΢ҪɸѾ׼ڼ˾ţͺҲ˻ͳĸֱǴȥӭ΢΢ǶɸԶŮҲûżȥ
ȻҲľͻţԱ߻վһλŮӣŮüĿ续֮д֮òȻǾǳʥԺŮʥ˫
˿Ȼɫ򶨣ܷϸָȴһֱקԼ°ڣ۾ɸ⣬˾εɹһ㡣
ִ˵´⣬ͺ棬һһλ˻ϼæǰ
ݼʦ𣡡еĴ񣬶ǰȻȻ΢
񣬵˺ܾ˰ɣ΢һʱΪƺҲоҲǵ˵ͷһ΢㴫ڽϸͽ⣬ʱԽ϶ɵĳԺŬԳһλ޽˵ĸ֡
ЦҡҡͷûȶãǼǼλȵżˡ
΢һҲ΢΢һЦ֪˵˭ϿгɸΪҡҲһůЦǺãھͻؼҡ
ʱ΢һߴӰٺٹЦŽϵͷΪУУȰʦҾ͵ýһʦ֡
һϸһȴһͷɢķӡ
۹ⲻȻһֻ֣˿Ϊ𣬿ɼΪԼҲδǶ֡
Ȼۣ΢֮ʱһ԰֮ڣʱһ䣬Ծʹһȥ
΢Ҳǽ۵ˡ
·ϽҲ֪۵ҲĿɿڴ˭뵽Ȼ֮£ֶԺ۵·ߺޱȡ
ǰΪ޵Ȼǻһ޵µŮʵͷŭʱ˵
΢ͷŮѾնɱңҲù
뵽ݵ飬΢аӦѾ֮أ֮ϵ΢Ǽıû⣬ٿԽһ룬һҲӻһˡ
ͬʱݡ
ӹҾѾǵ³⣬ӹ쾳ɼ֣˿Ŀһɨ֪³ҹȻֻʣһλ쾳򣬶˾³һ
뵽ԼŮӹŭ嶥˵ֱȡֱ³ҡ
еһö׶ö˲ʯɴСɼɽ滹෨󣬴˿׶˲ͬһɸɽһ㣬Ͽȥŷ׻ƣһͽ³ҵķҵѿӡ
³֮ڶʱǼɹ³Ҳݵһ壬Ӧ˷ڶ𣬺滹вٷ˺Ͷ쾳
ӹ״Цִ߶׶͵һҡ
һΣ³ҵķֱ飬ͬɽХ֪жͨʿ˵ķǡ
һƣҾƻĳȥʱ³λ쾳Ҳ³һ
³һ³Ҽ³ĶӣΪѾǵ쾳ɣ˿̼ӹɱˣ֪Ҫ͵Ϯգһߡ
ӹȻŭ³ҵСӣ㡣
˵ͬʱԽֶɱ³һһ˲ɫ䣬쾳ɳǶϷ
ʱ³һһЦһ̣˷Ȼǳ³Һҵĸ֣ҵļҲȻС
һ¾˲ߵûüӦҾвٸֱնɱ
ӹһ֪мƣԷڸԼףˡҪ֪˿³Һҵ쾳ɼһλֻ֮࣬˵Ƕ֡˲䣬ӹѹϸһ룬֪³ҿ϶ǹԼǰŵһ亹ʱҪȻ
̶ʱ֮ڣҾ񼸺˴ЩֵҲˣλ쾳ĳ˿Ҳܵ³λ쾳ֵΧ޻֮ӹԼҲǱ³컹ҵԪйܾѶ
֮䣬ӹһƣѾ˽ɸǱ³һӹƥ򣬻͵Ϯ³ңվͽγ
ӹǿֵиǷߺޱȣʱ򣬾һҺλ쾳ĳȻѾڶԷ쾳ɵΧɱ֮¡
壡ӹ˫Ŀѣʱˣڲñͳ޳ͷԣһȫˣҾ񾡻٣һҲˡ


ھŰ٩ Ů
ҺƴˣӹѾУ쾳ɵΪ˿ҲԵֵλ쾳ɵΧɱҲֻƴ³һˣޱС
һҲ൱ֲȻǻ˴³ңǽ³һĽɸһﷶΧƻһɽһƽ
³һǷˣ³ҺΪΧɱҾҲʧСȴǳ군
³쿴ԼҶΪϣȻŭ죬ҲƽŮ٣һɱ⡣
һҹݴ𶯣֮һң
ұ̫죬ӦؼҺϢ֮ŵĻɢ˭뵽̶һ֮䣬ͷȴ¡
ҪؼҺȻ޷³ҺᲢۣ֮ǰͥҲΪң˿ұ𣬺һ̿ޱȣʲô顣
֮ǰʵϲû´ֻװģİݷãôΪԻңҼ뿪ļΪؼҺҪͶһɳԴ˷ҵĹϵ
΢ڣұ֮󣬻ֱַȥһ˺ؼҺңһΣǣصҵĸޣȥɳ
һؼҺθҾܾǴ˸ɳ
ݷ΢Ȼ֪ɸ֮ڣ΢ˣȻǸпޱȣ˵ʵһʼ΢ս磬Ϊزء
ʵϣ˲Žоȣ΢ÿγһˣ֮ΪξȻ˷ˣٶȣɳûһ
΢ĹλҲǷҡֱϣִλã˵ѾǴȨա
˫ȻҲڵԼ΢һ㶣Ȼ
ʩ޼Ѿӳɳ˫ȻҪٹ˼ʲô΢˫һǣԸ˵Ŀ
ɸ˭֪˫˼΢սһʱ䣬˫̽Ϣֹ֮ϹӶܿԼ΢˫ɫȴûٶ˫۶΢˿̼΢֮ҲǸ뿪˫һ΢ദĻᡣ
ҲһЦ뿪ʱ΢ʲôʦˡ
һϲ
棬үʦģҪȥȻǼҪ֪ϳ΢֮⣬ľʦˡ
ʧٵѾ꣬Ѿ֤ɣſܽҲˣû뵽ȻõµϢ
΢ôһʱ֮Ҳ֪ô˵ʵȽƣ̫ˡ˫һԣ΢ҲϸĽԵģʦȻΪ죬ܼˡ
΢˵ĶûΨû˵ټŮۺ϶Ϊһ飬±Ͼ̫棬΢Ҳǲ֪Ӻ˵
Ϊ˫ڳ΢ö˵Ժǡ⡯ЦЦֻҪ֪ʦû¾ͺá
˫Ȼ֪ʦ˭Ҳ֪΢µ飬Щ뿪ˣ˿ȴ½ȻǺ£ִ㲻ع˼ңͽ½ӻɸ˫ҲĽ½㣬̸һ
˫ȻҪºú̸̸Ͼ⣬ŮҪһȻҪǰùϵ
Ҫ֪˫ɲޱͲͬŮˣ˭Ҫ΢һ𣬶һЩ飬úŮ˹
¶ǾûԼʲôˣ˫ȻҪ´ùϵ
ò˵˫ƽ⣬΢ǻϲʵԼ֮ΣʵڸϾټһ壬ټѾɵ֮ﻹ
ֻ΢Ȼϣʧˡ
뷨ͨ˵п˵
ʱ˭
΢ӦںҦʥǣҪξٺɽӦԼĺѣҲǺʹ
ֻǽֻһһ
沿ĳɷɱε٣˭峤ֻܴ࣬οһλŮӡ
˿˭΢ȴܿϾ˭˽µģ˿һ۾Ϳ¡
ȻҲпټŮۣ΢ÿ϶ִҪȻټԸ񣬶ȻܵԼɸ
΢Ϥ£ҲϤ¶Էڵ沿Ҳǵһʱɻʦʦ
˫һҲǼæͷȥҪλ£ҲǿԷò֪ô¡


ھŰ٩ ̸
΢Ȼ֪ټڵòΪʲôӦ֮ýϵ˳ȥرܣ˫û뿪Ȼ֪£ȻҪλ㡯
ȵֻʣ΢˫ʱһ䣬һ̣沿⿪¶ò
ʦæȥס£ҲûȻʱƿ£ټ
Ҳǻ΢ټ϶
˫ʱҲǰһ񣬵˫½㡣
ȻҲ˵΢λ֪ٿ˫飬֪Ů΢ͬ鼫֪΢˫Ҳ⣬һµȻˣӣ֪ʱôȻлôһ뷨Цԭ˫ãˣ˵ʥԺʥԹӳʥһŮΪʥʵǲס
ͷһ仰Ϳ佱˴˵ľ룬º˫ûһǴŮˣֻ֪ԴףȻףֻԼķǣǵĳɹȻûһŮӾһټȻǽ΢Ʋһԡ΢Ŀɿڴ˫ôûԼôҲԼһԳ£ĪǲԼģ
ôڷǰԼƲһԡ
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ʣ˵ⷬĿ϶ټŮۣ΢æͷ̧ͷѾټȫޣֻʣ˫


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ոټŮ˵ʱ˫ҿȻҲ֪ĿǰټŮۺ¹һ顣
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ˣεǻҲȥŮۻᵱΪӣӴԺǼҲпɽˡ΢ȤһŷӦʱҲΪ֮ǰ΢ûֱӽ˵ºټŮ۾Ȼһˣ˭һɵ
Ա˫Ʒζº˵Ļһе˼ˣѾ֪º΢й֮£ټŮۺ¹һ壬ȻýȻ֮٣˹ϵ֪Ȼ˴ɵ۵΢Ⱦ־ʹˡ
״̬óܳһʱ䣬Զάȥ
ʱ˫ᵽ´˿̵ΣԼչ΢Ҳǲ֮٣֮ȣΪŮкܡ
үʦ˵ӽ쿪ʼ˫סɸ˵һ䣬΢ҲǷһ˿һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô΢ܿͻָƽʱЦ˫Ǻ˯һӡ
΢һǾЩȥϢҲ˫úý̽ѧô֣ʧŮͳ
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ٶȼ죬ΪҲߣɲ֮䵽˽ǰ̧һƴ˹ȥ
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һħץɲ֮ͽ˴ԪƱ飬˴ʧɫۿ㲻ħ֣һ̣һŲƹȥһߣһ㣬ǧ꽣Ӷˮɺ껯Ȼǽħֱ
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ںһųһ亹
Ȼף


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ײ˭ϵһ˵ħԴס
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Ǳ˾ɹѾŵɫ԰ף㳡棬΢ڣǻס档
ǿףħԴ涼Ƕħͷ΢һ仰ǷӦ˵ǵͣ룡
ƽԪЦȴǴ쾳ţ΢λִ˴ȥǶţͬʱͨټŮۺĸǣҪʱƽԪĶ

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ˣոնлˡ˼ƽԪ˽ȥ֮ǰ΢лո΢˶ġ
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߼ǰǺ΢ԣϸ룬ʲô˵飬ʹ΢Լ̬Ͽ΢˹˽ƷҲǼѡ͸߸߼ֻҪԼҪȥ£΢ӦòԸ㡣
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Ծ˾߼˰ɱɽź棬ʱǲ˹΢ҲȻԸ߼Ρ
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ȻϲµֵܣҴҲֻ޼ˣҪʲôǱȻȫԸ


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ʲôˣԼĴҲеߵģᱳһһ㣬΢ۿޱȣ˵ƭˣͷƿɲƭˣΪˣŻΪͬټһŭ֮·ȥ
һֽگȴӵ˻΢ŻһΣ
ԣ΢оųɰգΪ˽΢˵ʮɰա
ʱ΢֪˾˽ӭӹͣ˿ģһȺɮˡ
Ⱥɮԡɽ
ͷ粻ͬɽϸ˵ǷԴ֮أͬħԴҲһħһĵ
ϸ˵ɽͶⲻͬͬɵ֧һҲɣһΪһΪ
ɣշɽɡ
˿ЩɽľɮҲ΢Щ֣Զǿͣο⣬߲֮ܡ
ЩɵķɮʲôΪΪ񣬶νȺɮ˵У΢ͻȻһ˫ΪԼ


ھŰһʮ 
Ϊ⣬ɭɭɱ⣬΢ֻǵ΢ϸٿǰӰ߶ȻƬ֮ҲԷӰ
ˣôˣһλ˼΢ɫԣʵ
΢üͷ壬ĪԼոۻٿȺɮˣһüĿдɱֻ΢ۣ˻ۻʱ򣬵϶ᡣ
һɨ΢ڿһȺɽɮ˵һͷϷȻǴŵѰ˸ֲˣҲֻ΢ۣԿһЩߡ
ȻɮйŹ֡
ɮ˫ֺʮһķ£˫ĿգзţΧĺûʲô
΢Ǿɮ˹Ź֡
ʱѾרŵɹӭһȺԷɽɮˣţɽ硣
΢룬ɣǶ˶߷Ը䣬ϵȥ͵͵ȺԷɽɮˡ
ȵûбıǰ΢׼μӵǻ䡣
ʱ򣬼Ϣͬʱݵ΢
ȱǻ˲گϢ΢ټŮһ˿һɳĶˣϵģҲһЩˡ
׽ʩ޼һϵɹٵ飬Ҳǰռƻȫɣʩ޼һϵɹٽӽˣͬһʱȫ¡
Ȼʱյ൱ãٳһ㣬ֵԷжˣ֮һʼڿ˭סҪֵʱ򣬾ǿ˭֡
Ϊ΢Ϊм˾ܣɳʤ
΢ǣһȻǻһ㣬΢û뵽ԷΪȻָˡ
Էˣֻ־ܵķݶ
δЩˣǾҪȵһβ֮ˣܽΣǵ³Ȼô
ǵ
ĿǰΪֹʩ޼ȫĲĻڼеʱϿƽ˾Ѿǰӿ
ǻ䣬˫̯ƵʱٱȻᾭһμΪҵײ˭˭ӮͿԵֶˡ
ĸ϶ʩ޼ңΪֹɢȥ̽Ҳûв̽ʩ޼˿ʩ޼ֻҪһ¶棬̻аĸڵλ쾳ɸֽɱ
ɱʩ޼ҲǶȫһֱۡ
΢õһϢҵϢȻԼļıɹˣһн赶ɱˣҸˡ΢֪ƻȻе˳ҲǳһȻǺ£ҲԴȫţһ壬ȫЩ߹壬ɳҪǣһԣң³
ͥѾƼ΢˵λãȴǻ俪ʼ
ʱ΢ɨһۣƽԪ˫ӣ棬̫һɵˣĸꡢƺͼǨһΣҲʻ幫ѩҲȻС
˿˶ǵȴټŮ
ʱһֻͷ֮ϣɺ׵ͷƣɵ١ټŮɵ£һ֮ͥϡ
һɳڶɹ񣬰ݼټɵۡ
ЩееЦ
ټɵ۴˿̺ɨһܣõĲõı鶼۾ټɵ֮һ֮Ըܶ⣬ʽһɵ֮λΪһɳɵۣո£ڵΪɵۣѭ棬£ɵΪԵһ֮ټΥԣϾ桢һɾϿɼ
΢һҲǰԳԾ벻ټŮĵǡɵڴ֮磬дСԵ֧ȵλԼġԵھλɵԵ˵΢ǾԼԵھѾʮ˲ˡ
棬ƹһ񲿵ɹɵ۵ǻ֮񣡡
ţ
ʱͻȻ˺һ䣬ͼ֮ͥ⣬˿ȻӲصɱɽȻǵֵס
ܹЩɱɽܣʵӲΪ̫ߣһˣȫ쾳ɡ
Ϊ׵ģȻʩ޼
ʩ޼΢棬ԷǹˣҪ֪ǻϷѣԷԲŹôõĻᣬʩ޼ȻҲȻȫ׼
ͬҲ׼ȫڣͿʼֵ¼ˡ
ټһʩ޼߻쾳Ľɸ֣֪սپԷбڶֲʣȻڸô
ʩ޼һȫɳӵɣﲻ⣬һɵ֮λΪɱ֮ȻӲͥ


ھŰһʮ õ
ټŮֵʩ޼㻹
ŭ⣬󣬵ȴ쳹ͥ׵ѹ쾳£Ȼᱻ壬ʩ޼ΪԭֵΪ쾳磬ټѹס˿ʩ޼Цһ׼õķ˵ʵټǴȨλɹٲ㣬ɵ۸Բ˳Ȱ㼰ʱ֣ͷǰ
˵꣬ʩ޼ɺֵλյôҿһЦˣλټԳݣĸȨλһ˲Ҫ֪ɳڲɹһһǧʮλڳģû˵İλɹٲټУҲδĵȻ˵ǳ֮Ը̳ɵ֮λⲻЦʲôһûʸɵ֮λ
ʩ޼泼ӺòҪټŮ˳һ֮⣬ܶ⣬λһɳϵɵۣһҳӾȻ˵˵һԺǳ⡣
ǱѾΪµĺҲݵģвԱУʩ޼ҵҪȰȰ㣬ְɡ
ʱŵıֵĵ£ʩ޼һƾ󱲻ѵ뱾˵
˵꣬ʩ޼ĸĸټǽöҪѳƿɳֹʩ޼һ˲Ҿ㣬ɹٶǣǱ㵱ЩɹָΣǲǾҪѹƣѹ켺أл桢ĶλǳǣǲҲӸȥҲͶԸʩ޼һҳӣ
ò˵ʩ޼бһ˵ĸټŮִѹ켺ʲôʵֶΡ
΢ȻóˮĿĲҪɵ֮λΪ˸ټĸһ֮ǶҲͷ
΢ʩ޼ǴӲʩռݵƸߵ㣬˼ǲҪǱҷȻ˳ˮۣͷˡ
Խ֮£ա
ϧʩ޼һ߲ȥˣΪɳҲǷͰƽ֮
һǣʩ޼һϵϰɹ٣ʱֳᶯǵ̬ƣȻڽնԷ̯֮ǰΪǿһٶɹȫץʩ޼֪
ΪһЩ׷߾ͻļƻ
һǻǱߣʩ޼ҪƵֶΣƤ죬ϧ֪һˣ֪Ѿӳټɵݡ
ԣʩ޼׼˶ֶΣһãһᳶŵ
ʩ޼Ϊ©ôĿĻһǾǽҿټĸ˵ĵףĿ֮¸ˣνɵۣʵֻм쾳ų棬Ҳ֮ܳΪһҲռõĶݣ
ʩ޼ѾƺˣĵǶķ涼ټ죬ҲԼʤ
Ϊʩ޼ȫȫк쾳ġ
һ㣬ټĸͱȲˡ
иҪǣӶݵģɲֻԼȫһԲûк쾳һֵܵġ
ûк쾳򣬾ټĸʧߣʩ޼֮һʩչıĵȥɵۣΪûᵽɵ۵λãΪ˽졣
ʩ޼Ȼ֪ۻĵΪɵ۲ͣȻΪȴɳԼ٣˼ûĸһ˵Ĵ
ɵ֮λǲܳɹģʩ޼Ĵ㣬Ϊôһ˫Уܰټĸվ̨
ֻҪ˫ɵ֮λһŭ֮뿪ϢֻҪǶԶ˼
һҲԽЩһһ
ڣʩ޼ҪĵһǾңһңǲͼԴˣʩ޼гֻҪһٶɹټɵۣҾһǸɹֻ뱣ֳĬҲᱻԼսϡ
һʱգʩ޼Ҳһֱڰй۲죬ȷţټɵۺĸڲԸԼµһٶɹ٣˵Ըĵһϵɹ٣ʩ޼ŮˣվŮˣ۹ǳе
˿̣ʩ޼ڵһٶɹͥѣǾģûκζ
ʱʩ޼ҲǲԾ
ʩ޼ڵˣټŮȻ֪ʲô˿˵
ʩ޼仰ͷûһûпټŮֵˣҪȵˣˡ


ھŰһʮ ֱӲ
㲻õˣһɳɵ֮Ѿ´вޣȹһһʮɹ٣ʩ޼ڵǣҪʧˡټŮ˵͸ޱš
ɲͨŮɣҪ֪Ҳɵ۵ĺ쾳𼶸֡
֪ôʩ޼
ʵϣԼ޷ʹãֻܼµ壬Ϊֻʣ쾳ĻƾǰΪô鷳׷ɱʩ޼ֱӻٵȫƿصĸˡ
ڣʩ޼һһĻټҲ߳ɰտԽʩ޼ɱ
ʩ޼ɫ䣬úݵֶΣǻ˵ûдѹ켺ڱ췴
㲻Ѿ𣿡ټʣ㹴ȫһʱ򣬲ѾͬΧɱĸɵʱ򣬲ѾƻŶķӡɵʱ򣬲ѾģڻҪ㷴һñۿ
ʩ޼һǺƿԣȻû뵽ټĿڲôá
У˵ɹٲΪɵۣˣټŮʱʼ˿ŭĿ˵ΪĵңԾͽǵң㲻֪ĵ㲻ͬ㵱ɵ۲ͣΪ˶뿪ǴûвԼһˣҲûвϣǾҲһλ֮仹һЩͼ϶֦ͬһˣΪԹһЩаһΪĵǱǴش㱳ţԣ᲻ң
ټŮƽڽ˿̷ʩ޼ȻǱټŮһѹȥһĻʥԺʥ΢ޱȡ
Ĵǹལ˴󷨣ɸƽ˿ڣҲɱΣѹƸһԿɵְɾټŮҲ˿һڣͽʩ޼ѹȥ
ɵҲҪȰһЩĻ֮ͽʩ޼չ֮һңҪҽĸɶ֣ʲô³λҲţûû˵ûϵԴ̽һ£֪Ҵһһʲô³ҿԸǣ£ȮټŮһһ˵
΢ҲǰĴָټŮ˵ĺã˵Ըңһûгһһ䣬Ҳһң̲ҪֻҪ˴ҵ³Ǿ㹻ˡ
˲ʱ䣬治ϣ¶˾֮ɫ
νõʧʩ޼Ϊһˣɵ׷һ֮£֮ϣ˼رһɳȴУǲңɵ۴ӣԲ֮ĻرǲТⲻҲТȻҲʱɵۣ㣬˭ôĵӣټŮԵдŭŭмɱɱй֮һ仰ʳľʩ޼ǵۣһĺһ
һ̣ʩ޼ɫ䡣
ȻһغϽ棬Ȼûжǹûе⽣Ӱȴǳ׵ˣʱӿһȺٶɹ٣֮ͥȴټŮ񣬸ǿڳ
һ֪Щڻĵһϵɹ٣ǾȻһǰӵټŮۡ
Ѿȫ˵˻ĵλ˼
һĻ˽ʩ޼ˣһţ벻ףԼĲ֣Ϊλ˲һͱƵ
ҾǻᱳһҲת˿죬ðӵ
һʲô飬Լ©ˡ
ʩ޼ǰ쾳ִ˿ҲǶһۣ˱˴˵ľ㵡
Ȼȫĸ֣һȫͣװ磬ʩ޼һΪһһһɳң˻Ὣһ´һλãҪһ㣬ͳǱزٵġ
ʩ޼֮ǰѾҲѰ
һڣҲȫеĸ߲˿ѾЩͷԱߵĳƬ̣Ȼʩ޼ʩ޼ǼƻвͨѾֱսʽɵ֮ȫ꣬˱һЯɱԴһͶڱصãһѾ񲻱ξǶ֣ǼƻԶѣɲɹ޹ؽҪȫѾϤһУ˵ʩ޼Ƕ࣬ѳɴ֪Ҫڣˣ
ʩ޼ɫΪѿţȻǲҷһ䡣


ھŰһʮ ս
ʩ޼ȫɵһļϸӽˣȷ֪ļƻʵʩҶ˸һ㼴̷ҪȥʱҲ˵
ʩ޼ûо˴ܣ˿ɱȻǲΥ
ͺڶ˶һۣȻͬʱǰ
˶ʱӿȫս£Ҳٶ˵ֱȡһվһ˦ֶͬʱȫ֮һͣȫɵ֮ս飬һһݣһټɵۣɸӦս
һ֮쾳Ϊ߶쳹ͥᣬǵɡˡ磬Ǿ֮ϵˣ˽ķӣֻĹڣһս
һɫ䣬ټŮۺĸҲǱս˵
ȫȻľôս飬ѵ޹˼ɣ
˼һлһλ쾳
˼ϾɽϾĿ
ô͸ô
ټŮ۸ողʩ޼ʱ侲˵ɵ֮ƣ˿̣ȭͷգ顣
ĸҲһ뷨ͬ벻ͨȫ˵ĲһУƸۡ
ȻҲûҲԤ֮ڣ̫ˣ׼ޱȡ
ˣͲ˵ˡ
ɫҲһأǨһţ췣˾ٷ̾˿һԡ
һֱĿ񣬴˿Ҳ۾¶â֮ɫŵĻҪѯʣ֪Ҫʲôֱӵʲôʣȥ˵
̵ͷ֮󣬰ѩҲǱսŵɫ԰ףʱǲҶ˵ʲô
ͬʱս磬ϾĵϾɽϣɽˮ㣬һȥΪªĵ⣬һüĿ㣬ī£ⳤ
ҶѾһ㣬ȻѾǹ˺ܾá
һֱ˿̣֮ûκ˾Ȼ΢΢һЦȻΪĿͷ
лϾȫ
˵꣬ˣϾɽ£ĳ˿૵ƣ꣬仯Ī⣬֮ڱ䣬֮ͨ˳ӦϾҲң֮վͿʼɡ
֮һ̤Ȼʩչ֮ɲ֮͵˶ݡ
һߣϽ֮ϣǳУλġ
һˣǻ
һˣΪȫɵۡ
ϵܣһߣˣǷһ飬죬ͻҡȫɵһڵˣ
滯ɫأþòӣҪȥʱȫɵ۵ϵܣ֪ģ㲻ܱһɵͬҲܱȫɵһһ壬ҲǴ֮ҳŵ㣬㣬֮ȫ䣬䣬һ䣬ֻҪһɡ
ͫһͣ¶Ƭ̣ǵͷã
˵꣬һ䣬¡
ɽ죬ǰ֣֮һ
ͬʱ֮ڣͻȻӦǳԱߴ˯ĵؾãȥ΢ǵ۷κ£Ҫ뿪ߡ
˵겻ȵؾκηӦѾ͵˦ִһȻƾѿһѷ죬ؾɨС
һ̣Ѿһ֮ڣЦ㲼õ󷨺˵ã֮ȻаתǧҿҶ֮ȻҪ֪Ҫء
˵ԹԵЦЦ
ɫ̩ȻȴǼˣ˭̸֮
˹˼ȻǵãȻǵã˺ܾˣϧΪ֮߿ɺˣɵ۶ϲ磬ɵۺεȸ߰ȻܵڳϣʵѵáҼǵʱһǶʢŶʢʱڣĪҲӣֱĲˡϧʮӶʮＫطڵһҲֻлһΪõó֣ģֵһᣬȫֱҪǣңԽձһλ͵ӡ飬Ӧ˳ӦǧҪ¡
һЦ˺α˵ܣô
ţǱҡͷǳϿңҲ㣬㽫дƪ»ȫĴ⣬ǰһģɾͺˡ
ȫ֮ʤ˵Ȼܾ˭һЦ֪ô˵ֻ˶λˡ
˵꣬ȡһҳ飬ͼӿȻǻһΣȻһλɫŮӣֻǳ֮󣬾ȻǺһ޶


ھŰһʮ ֮
һҳƮΣɫ仯ҡҡͷһɲ֮ƯҳС
飬һҳǴ㱾ȡ£ȫϵ¼ϣһҳѺع򣬴֮ϣģոֻ㿪Цȫڴ֮ʤһӮˣԸԸ⣬ýһҳеУںϣʱȫ顣ڴ֮ǰ㲻뿪˴벽ܲ뵽֮С˵̧꣬һӣһҳѾǷӹȥҪ뵽鵱Уһҳ룬˫ǽ
ˣ˺㽲ȫҲȥ磬дؾ飬ûͨ赲һҪ˶ã磬ͻȫİͼ˵֮˦֮£Ⲽǧش󣬽գһ˿ɽ
֮ͥڣųͶս飬ɳڹٴɫ԰ףһأȫһս飬ҲɵҪһӮߣȻǴһȨƿضݡ
ν֮
һɾȫɾԼҲΪ˱Ϳ̿ԶԼһȫɵֻۣиɵ۴ڣſɷ֮
Ϊ漰ԴϣԴ֮ǲԼģֻнԷɵնɱжΪʤ
һ̽壬ʤؼһϡ
֮ؼҲڸɵϡ
һ֮ʼ˫ԵĿ꣬һзնɱԷɵۣɵһǷֳʤ
ĸȻ֪֮ĺ壬꣬һȫ;δ֮һʤȫɵ۶һնɱ
Ϊȫ޷֮գû뵽ٴѡɵۣ֮ĸʱͻȻӦԼҪɵۣȫ˭ˣΪɵλȫԲ֮ᷢ
һ޷ȷɵǷ䣬ɵûǷ֮ԾĹϾҪɱһλ쾳֣ǲܵ顣
ɵû䣬ҲҲȻҲλɱҲ㲻Ӯô֮
ΪһڲԲɵۣû뵽Ȼ䵽ȫƵС
ĸɴ˿ɫ԰ףҲеĵǰɳȻ⻼һȫĴɱ߱ȻԵֵʤ֮䣬ȫҪʤһҪ֮ͨȡʤһŷϹأ۷¡
˵֮ǰʩ޼ĸ΢СֶΣֻһСС֣֮ս飬ȫͼ
ȫһ˳ﻮȼıĸаֻǾ֪ȫĿΣ
Ѿߵһ˵棬Ӧսս飬ǾһȻ˭ɵۣ֪ҪҲԲܵͷ䡣
ʱĸˣڲýټƵɵ۵λϣΪ֮ĿľǻɱԷɵְۣԼӡ
пܣĸԸԼɵ۵λãա
ټŮȻ֪֮һζʲôʱܾܾ䣬ֽӹս飬Ǳ߳͵ս飬ټˣʲôֶξʹ
Ǳ߳ĿĴɣȴǹһЦټɵۣҳ֪Ķ֣Ȼսټɵ֮˷Ҳֻս飬֮󣬲ſʼ֮ʱȻȡټɵ
˵꣬һЦҪʩ޼뿪
ʱټŮǰһ£ȫ֮һüͷһ壬ҵΪʹߣһɵĪǲҪ棬ɱǣ
ټŮһȻǱ֮£ͳ;ȥʱǿͣţǵˡʩ޼ߣһ֮ӦһãºλҲĪҪӸ棬ûȤ
ʩ޼˿ϴɫȻǷŭ㣬û뵽ȫֻǽӣȻǷ֮
ԭԼڵ壬ֻΪ˱һɳɵ۶ѡ
ŭǣ֮ǰȻ֪顣
˵ʲô
˵ȫ㽫ӣ߲ˣһɱȻὫԼնɱ
һ
ʹ˿̹һЦȻˣʩ޼һˡ
ͬʱʹʩ޼޼֣㲻Ҫңŵģ˵ˣܱһվͿԱȫǣԼ֤ԼĴڼֵ֤Լɡ
֮󣬳ͺ̾ߣٲӣֻҵʩ޼


ھŰһʮ ս
˭Ҳû뵽ͺߵ˸ɴ࣬Ȼǽʩ޼²ܡû뵽ʩ޼µķӦȻô졣
ͺڸո뿪ʩ޼׳Ǿ仰˼ˡ
ȫһıһʼͲԼν֤ԼҪԼһǰ䡣
ټĸ˲ŹԼֱߣȫҲ᳹׽Լңܲ߶һδ֪ĸ̫ࡣ
ΨһĻᣬΪǿնɱټɵۡ
ҲǳǾ仰˼ҪԼ֣ڵһʱɱټɵۡʱʩ޼ǵʱ䲻࣬Ҳͷһ˾
֣Ψһߵ·Ȼⲻˣɥ֮Ȯ
෴ɱټɵۣǴ֮ȫĹλȻԶ֮ǰҾԿվȫ֮ϡ
ͷһ𣬾ѹˡ
˲䣬ʩ޼˾һƵ취ﵳУԥߵټŮۡ
ʩ޼Ķ̫죬ɻûӦѾˡ
취Я֮ƣƥУʩ޼ģһټŮϣ¶Է쾳ΪҲ̱
ʩ޼սⷨﵣһ½һСĸ˸飬񷨣ֻһɽϣɽҲԼ飬Ƭгָ׸ǴСʯ顣
ãʩ޼ͻȻ֣ɶǴһӦ
˵ǣĸһҲһ
ɣˣһоͶˣʩ޼һ쾳ɵΪǾ֣˵͵ϮһҲԶ㲻
ټŮȻҲһӦҲǼ죬Ҳʩ޼ʩ޼ͻȻֵ˲䣬ѾǽżأʩչٺˡȻټŮҲ֪취ﵵ취ﵺųƥУӲǲеģҲסðϲߣֻҪ㿪ʩ޼͹Լ֮ʱΧ˵ʩ޼Ҳܷʲô˻
ԷΨһĻռ֣ͻϮһͷ師ʧǾͲΪ
ټŮʩչҪ㿪취ﵵ˲䣬ͻԷɽϰپɮ˾ȻͻȻ𣬳ټŮۡ
һɷӦҲǼ죬ͬʱҲǷ˽ӽټŮۣʱǷɽɮΣҶټɵ۲Ҳɱ
һ£ͥ˲ҡ
ɵۣĸʱһѾŲƹȥɽɮˡ
Щɮ˼ΪŹ֣˫Ŀ֮ɫȻǺηýɱķʽͳ壬Ϊڶ࣬ΪҲߣĸɳһ嵽ټŮ۽ǰһƴɮԲͬͬ飬֮ǰαװ˿̲ŷâ¶Ȼһλ쾳ĸ֡
ټӦѾǷ͹ʩ޼е취ﵣ覹˼󣬾ʱͻȻħӰټŮȻǶλ쾳ħ֣ͬʱ֣͵Ϯɮ˵¡
ŷ㣡ɮ˵ӣĶɵķҲ̷αװɮ˵ĺŷŭĿԣ벻ȻǷɽɵˡ
ٿɮˣαװˣ¶Ŀ⣬̤Ǻŷ
ͼɭɭһЦҲû˵Ҳǣ⾵⾵ϴҹɱɳϸ𣬶˷߱¸޻㣬ͬʱҲ̽һɵ۾ǲˣȻô⣬֤һ㣬һѾûʲôƣ㣬ȴҲɵҲûҾ͸ȫɵۣһѾ˽յĴ֮⾵ɵǾӦǷˣȻԸΪһ߹ҲͽͶһֵǣƽԪȻᱳǣһ͡
ŷʱɱڣƽԪ
ʵϲǺŷ벻ͨеĵ󲿷˶Ϊιؼʱ̣׵ħֻټŮۡ
ƽԪЦŷϼҪʲôҪʾ㲻ɣ
ŷŭƽԪ㲻һ쾳˹ʺ˵Ϊʸͱô˵ɱˡ
ƽԪ⣬ϧ
һ£ŷᣬҭ˵
Ѿûǵˣߣǻ׿һ͵ڶ˭ʤߡƽԪЦ쾳ħŲƻߣһǰһǷɳͥȥ


ھŰһʮ 
ŷԹ˲Ͼ⾳·ֹɱΪۣ˵ͷ⾳Ϊ쾳磬Ҳиߵ֣֮һһŷǷ⾳Ķ֡
ŷթ쳣ȻƱȫ˵ķӣʩ޼ͬŷȫҲֻǺĹϵȻȫȫ
˿ͻȻʩչһͨͼȻƾѿһѷ죬ѷһͷ·һ磬翷·־ɢΪǿơ
һĻ⾳ɫ䣬Ǻ˼ȻǾȣλСģǧҪ
ͼѷΧ鲼⣬֮˲仯ɻҡ
ʱŷİֻѾ̤УۿҪѷ뿪ʱǱߵʩ޼ȣŷʩ޼һգҰٱر
˿ʩ޼ѾǿҪ֧Ųס͵ϮټŮʧܣ֪Ҫ⣬˿λ쾳Լλ쾳ΧѾ˺ۡΧģǰбټŮ۵İ˾ˣ˾٣һλ쾳֣ĸɡʩ޼ȻǶ֣ܳŵڣҲǽ취֮
ŷҪ֪ĻᣬǺԥȡ
ŷһһתҲ˲ϣ̧һӣһŹϢһ̣ʩ޼Ҳѿһһ˸ߵѷ졣
ߣŷһʩ޼ĻԥУͺŷ˫˫뾻ȡ
˾̾Ҫ׷ټŮۼæĪ׷
֮ǰһжֻǷڵʯ֮䣬˿ͥɻڶǰıͣټŮ۴˿̳λ˷ȫս飬һȫĴ֮λԸһһмǲԸҲǿ뿪ȴ֮λһζɽ硣
ոͻȻϮҲòĿɿڴľսҪ֪ող붷Ƕ쾳ֵʸûС
Ǵ֮ǿЦģͷһȼУÿܾͻɱ֮
¾󲿷뿪һЩһϵʱҲԥһ£ǰ˵˼׻Ȼ뿪
ûԸһ
ŵ˫ǲһתߣʲôûһˣȻҲô¡
˫ǰΪͨѩ˵꣬͵͵Ŀ˷ֻҪ쵹ȫôȫӮô֮Ȼĺô
£ȴǶȻܾ˫ǳ˶˶顣
߹֮󣬱ֻʣһڶˡ
˿ɼᣬȺټɵ۷ʩ
ټһɳ֮ȫй֮ʱһʤߣȫʱɵնɱȫȡݣǱҪǣһԶǴһһδ֮һɻʤ
ĳȣͷߺһʮ˴ӣƬ֮֮ͥǧλɹߺ
ɱ˾ɽɱפɽ磬Ϸȫ˽ʮ˻ʽбսټŮ۵ԿĵǣϾλǵ쾳ĸ֡
ȻһŮ֮ĳȺǾӡ
ɹȥ
λɼң֮һտɾʤ뻯ɽҲ˾ְס粻ҡټŮ˵ţǱ΢ͻȻӦһָ̣һؾƾճ֡
˿̵ؾ֣ǴŻ֮ɫ΢æ΢ˣ»ˡ
΢ո飬ոյˣȻҲԲ֣ʵǵ̫ǿʩ޼ͺŷ쾳֣֣ޱߣûг¡
ʱ򿴵ؾӣ±֪Ȼǳ˴¡
ؾôˣ΢æѯʡ
ҽؾʱһȻ֪֮ĶԻȴ˽ţҽԲܻȥһǼΪص顣ٿԿ϶ǣǸͻưתǧ󣬴ˣޱȣͽֶǵֵĴڡ
ҽҸ㣬У۷ʲô£׼뿪ߡؾ˵óΪ飬ȴҲֲµСӣȻ㲻ȥٵģҲ֪Լܻȥ
΢һ֪¹ش󣬼æǰټŮۺĸ쾳ɸ֡
һ£ټŮҲǴһܿ죬ǰ⣬˲´󣬸޷̤벽
ȻһһܿһϢҲ˻
ˡ


ھŰٶʮ 
ɽ죬ڡ
һִϵɹپۼ˵أ£ɹ⣬˾ְ
˿ټŮأ֮ոտʼֵЩֲȻȫǱиűǽʩ޼ͺŷ͵Ϯͬʱ֣ٺ󣬸ǲ֪ʲôӣա
˽ȥ˳
ǱѰҪһ飬ΪޣΪΪֻ֣أΪ飬ܶʼΪѭ磬սΨһֻ֮ҲΪˣΪ֮һʸƿֻصġ
Ǵ˿ȻǱȫգ˶̤㣬ʣ϶ҲȫΪ˴֮ʩչֶΡ
Ҳᣬȫ˲ܶ档һ鷳ֲεǻҪĳϣ޾Ȼһûıĸʱ˵硣
˶ͷһ˵֮¶ɻ֮ɫĸֵȫǱߵĸ֮ӿֳܶ࣬ȫɵΪ쾳ȫڶɵۣһ𣬴ΪΣıԼߣλȫɵ֮ϣ֮⣬ȫаڽɣ֮ǰǳͺڱǰ֮ѡ֣Ҫֻأգ߱ۼʱ˼ȻǹȲⱣͿ̿϶յ֮ƣҪټŮµ磬ȻնɱӮô֮
һǴ󾪣Ҳǣĸֵɵۣ߶ͨ类գֻҪǶݵɵۣͿκηӡ磬ɵͨɽ죬еһɾµһɷǺ쾳Ҳսһɵۡ
ĸεԭίɲŷӦֲȫ쾳𼶸֣ȴΪûֱɱԭһϵ
˵һȻ΢ҲԼĵƺһս֮Ҳ˵ֻҪټŮ۲ɽ죬ȫλ֣ҪӮô֮ҲǼѵ顣
ʱɹ˵ع黤ǴһϢ
ȫɵ۲ס޷ͬȫҲԳϢ˻ȻҲǽ֮ǰǡ
ȫǲǿɱټŮۣйǡ
һǺ쾳Ȼ֮ǰìܣ漰֮ǻģȫϵˣԲȫɵȥסȻǼȻô˵ȫɵ۶ϻƵģȻθȥ
ǹǲĳһɾµĻɷΪˣûֱɱǲյ֮ƣ뷽跨ټŮ뿪졣
ֶҲйӣѭƱػع򣬿϶ɴƶټŮ᲻²ȻǰȥƷӡָѭʱȻԳ棬ɱټŮۡ
΢վ棬˳üչټŮ̾˿ոɱ˾ȫɱѽɽΧסһȫԱҲɱֻΪȫΪ֮ƣֻܾնɱȫɵۣɽ֮λߣ
һҡͷ
췣˾٣ֻǷ⾳Ȼ֪ȫɵôɱ鵹ˡ
ȫɵ죬ټŮۿɽһɾµĻɷ뷨Էһ˼Ҳ֪Σն˾ֳȫɵ۵Ķ֣
е쾳㳲ȥΧɱȫɵۣʱȱٸ֣һȫڵĸɱټŮһҲӦԣһɾµĻɷҲС
ɱ赲ֶͨݣȴס쾳ɡ
µһ߿˵ǴھԵƵУټŮһֱȥʱȫҲ᲻ϲʳأնɱһˣʱǻ䡣
ټɵۣĸˣλ΢з֮Σʱ΢ǰһ˵
һ㶣˵ʵִ֮£Ƕ쾳ʱҲ㲻ʲôԷЧã˵ˡ
Ҵ֮ģ쾳һĸ֣һߣΪ˷⾳ĵҲ쾳Ѿаλ˵ӦԴ֮λ쾳ɡ
ʱ쾳ֶ޼ƿʩһΣ


ھŰٶʮһ ΢
΢Լʱվ΢ļλִ˶ͷһһ⡣Ҫ֪ʱһ仰˵ģ΢ˣҲֻǷΪʱΣλ쾳ɶò취ˣʲôӲŶԡ
ɵ΢˾ȵͬʱӿһ˿ϣ
Ϊ΢Ѱķˡ
ɽѾһˡ
һɳ˭֪΢ʮʱһˣһɳΪˣһ˵Ĺλ
ɲ˭飬ͳһ㣬Զ΢ڴ
˵΢ʼ˵зӽΣδؾǿ亣ڡ
ʲôӣټŮʱʵȫôһз磬ȷǴһֲ飬ΪһɵۣҲķβܣ졣
ҲҪ䵽һɵͷϡ
˵ȫһдļΪѨټŮҲ֪һԼǰ磬ȴģȻλ֡
ǰټŮΪں쾳ʱȫ𶷷ҲӮ٣˵ˡ
һɡ
һ쾳޷յ磬Բ˵õıǡôѨ
޼ƿʩʱ΢˵зӣˮ֮˷һ鸡һټŮȻǼæѯʣҺͱ˶΢ɲͬټŮ۶΢൱εģΪµԵʣ֮΢˵зӽȻǺԥš
£΢˵ˣʵϵؾͬʱ̺ʧȥϵ
Ҫ֪ƽʱǲܷ飬ؾ飬ʩչֶΣӡؾֻأؾ鲻ܲı塣
ƫƫǷˡ
ؾ֪飬ҵǣ֮ǰ͸΢һöõؾһöָǳľݡ
ؾָڣʶҲ̱磬ͱһͬӡ
ոգѾԭί΢Ǹ΢ƾؾָ΢Ժһ˲
˿̣΢ָϴŵĵؾָؾˣ»˵ɡ
˵ʩչɷ߶ؾָɲ֮䣬ؾָӿһ̣ڳɿ޾۳һڷŮǵؾ顣
ټŮۺĸɵȻϵõؾ飬ǰ񣬵ؾһǶ֮飬˿ΣȻΪ
ؾҲǽ΢˵¸һ飬ֵ΢ʶؾָڣ˿ֻ΢֪Ǳ磬ֻҪ磬ұзӽ⿪ӡָֻ֮С
ؾ߽˶һȻ˵ı飬΢ӲϵȻ͵ؾҲܡ
Ȼؾλ͸һöؾָ
ֻ΢зӽ磬ƾ˵ΪҲдΪο磬ΪԱȫǱѹǵ޷磬˵ȫǱж統Уֻ΢ȥûʲô
еؾ飬ǾͲһˣͬؾ˵ģص磬϶Լķӽ⣬Ҳ˵δػȫĸӲӲ
ֻҪӴӡҵǵޣΣɻ⡣
Ȼ״̬ûô׽΢ȥҲֱܱټŮȥðҪǿ
һû˷ˡ
ĸ֪õķӣҲ˵ͷټŮۿ΢һۣʵǱ磬˵Ϊգˣ
仰Ȼڹ΢΢ͷ֮ڻѣȻ֪£ҵȻҪȥɵ۷ģԣ΢ҲóȻ
ãټŮ֪²Ѷϵʱ򣬵ǵͷұǱ磬֮ܽΣͷ
΢ټŮеĵģ֪˿Ҳ͸һ˫۾Լֻڲ˵
֮⵱Ҳǽ¾У΢ΪһΪҲȫΪټŮ۵Ϊ˻ָֻתðսҲˡ
磬΢ȥһˡ
΢ʩչϡ
ؾָҲȻȻ΢𣬴ϡ
΢δ֤Իǹɣǹ۷壬˵ΪϲֵһᣬãΪԽʱĲԽСҲԽѲ΢ж
ο΢еؾָ͵ؾ顣
Сģ
²Ϊ˻뷨ӡ
ڳһ΢õؾ߶طɲ֮䣬΢³һ̶̯һ㣬ɢɭɭй»Ұĺɲ֮΢ûС


ھŰٶʮ һ
ڣĸ΢֮󣬲ŵ˷ٸߣҲ㲻߻΢΢Ǵӹģи˵еؾߣ˵Σÿ
ⷬ˵ڳɳ߲ģҲ˵ټŮģ˵ģ˵ʵĸ΢൱Ŀá
ĸ˵û΢дˣ£ҷġټŮҲǵͷ˾λһµ쾳ٵ˾ɿʼҹΪɹ
˾ֻɵ֮ÿһͬӰһ㣬£ܲǵĴڡ
½ּ˾ٹһ񣬱㾶ֱߵ΢Ա΢
飬ʱ΢ȥãһҲú׼ϾټŮۺĸɵҲǳصģ׼ģ׼׵ϸ˵ʵ˵ȫǱȲһģϾһǴһռݶ֮ãѾٹ̡
ɱȻϲȫٶ֮ڣ˵ȫǱߵɱв룬еˣеֻһЩ޺ūֻѡһɳжսģ㣬ҲõĵطȻ׿Խ壬Щĥѣ̤ɵɣһǰɱǻʵɱһޱȡ֮⣬ɽ绹һţҲаŵӣҪʱЩһķŵ쾳ĽȻûУ쾳ȴв٣ҪټŮһͿΪһЧ
ǻ
һˣ˹ɣػһɵ
Ψһȫģ֮ǰһһɢɳûɵۣ˵˭Ҳ˭ģ˭Ҳ˭ҪǸϼѡ
ټŮۣкܴĺתҲΪˣĸټŮȻҲǹܻд֮գɵۡ
֮ҪƶһվҪߵġ
Ψһû뵽ǣһжȫ֮£Ȼٻʱбս˵ʱټзӻָȫʢʱڵΪ
һΪָ쾳һоͶͬˡ
˿̣ڣһɾµĻɷƾһɷټһλ쾳ɣ˵ȫɵͬʱ٣ټĸҲһս֮
ȻƣǱؿʽΧ£˷ʤĵ˵ֻ֮Բжϡ
˿Ѿ˽˻ʴ˵˼ѾΪж޷磬޷ֻת˼䡣
⻹ֻǸտʼϵʱ䳤ˣǱȻ˽ҡ
ȥ˽ʿɽ׽ŰĶж鷸ƣ˼䣬ɱ⡣źͷʿߣ͡⣬ҲһЩȥЭȶ˽棬ȻҡټŮ۲֪΢ܲܳɹԱ׼ɵ֮ܿʹȥʼִС
ˣټŮۣ֮ǰ㱻ʩ޼ͺŷֹЩУȻ׵ħȣǸʲô⣿⾵ʱʵȻ൱⡣
£ټŮۻĸһʼ벻еĵΪ΢˵һЩ飬ϵһ𣬱Դ²³ǻƽԪĿġ
ټŮ룬£Ҵ֪һ΢˵ġ
΢֪⾵Щ졣
£΢Ҳ˵ĸʱ˵ƽԪȫô׾ͻʤҪ֪֮ǰʩ޼ͺŷͬʱΧɱټŮۣһǵ֣֮ͽˣȫ̾ͻʤƽԪΪһȫ¼ԶһȫǺģ޲ͬŸоԱԼȻд֮ôõĻᣬȻҪ˫ƾУʱɱһʱȻƴɱܾˣҲǱ˳֮
˶٣ĸֵ˵ƽԪŻ֮ôͷֳʤ
ԭˣ⾵˵꣬Ҳǵ˵ͷŪԭί
ʱ򣬲̽Ϣɹٻڴ˿Ѳɹٻر˵жĹҪ
ˣλټŮʱ̷ԸֻҲǻɣ类գһƿս磬ǿĸһۣ߻⣬һ𣬿ټŮۣǴ̿ɱ֣ػ֮£ҲȷټŮ


ھŰٶʮ ɽ
޵ǹֻ񵱳΢㣬ɹͬޣȻɹͬкôлֻ˿ԣֻؾһ;ȻҲкôǾʱʱеĹſӹһ٣ûб硣
Щһ类֮ǰӳ磬Ŀ޴˺ѵյзٶ£иһǿĹɸˣʩչͨųھա
һֱ̣ͬĩգ֪Ĺ޲»Ұǻɢ
ãͷӳ磬һۣһ޴ĺɽϿգǺɽ֮󣬼ֱ
ӳ磬ʧǣæǶصԼڵɵ֮ڣǽ¸֪еĳǳһ֪ͬСɣ֪ˡλҲǱһĸˣѾǷ˾Уĸ֣Ҿ뷨Ҳֻһ֮ң
λȻǳ˴£Ҿλµʱйһ֮УȻǱһɱ֪Ūˡ
ԣλĴҹϵҪͨɳ󼸾תۣ絽ɹ١
˿λŵ˺Ǹӻڽĵȴʱɽͷ֮ͻȻ֣һȺꪵɱɽһλ˵ټɵ֮λɽ磬ɵۺ͸λ
˺͵ƣλҲа䣬˿ҲŵĻ£ɽ磬ҲĪҫλɹٸɷǴɽ硣
УǸĵŵӶ߶½ȫ棬ټŮۣĸɣꡢ⾵кϻĵɫһ䡣
ĵԷǾ޴ɽ֮󣬾ȻһӴӵ֮λʵɿˣǾ޴ޱȣڿգɭɭĺɽ
ǧȷѣ𡣡ǵŵӼæ˵
ˣĸҲɫ԰ףĵǺɽòǡ
ĵǹɭɭ˿¶ȸǽ˼֣ͼ˵ͷӦûˣֲܷ磬ԭȫȻɽҲˡ
ɽ棬ĸһƺԴɭɭһ߲˵š
ɽ棬ս֮һԳԭʼɣǿٵصһڱǻȡ裬ٵ֮󣬶ûй棿ң˵ϾŮ󼧵õָֻ֣֮Ŵɽ棬䣬ϹΪȷ˵Ѿǰ˱ɡ˵˱֮ĵɬȻǴŲʺΡ
˱ɣ
ټŮüͷһȻ˱ж
УжǵĽһйһ֣Ҳɡ
ɴ˿֪˱жǿ
Ҫ˴ιɽֻ޹ֻҪһʧܣ֮ǰеΪŬΪУ˵ѳ졣
Щ쾳ֵУδ˭ܿ϶Իһλ˱ɡ
統У޵жǵĽҲֻɣ󣬺ɽ潵磬ȻԼ
Ȼɽ쾳ȥһ𣬻ƺɽ棬ԷΪǿ磬Ͳһˡ
꣬ͺɽ涷ʤһϹڹΪϣȷǺֶΣǸ΢磬һ׶༪ˡĵʱ˵˵ףڳǲԸǻģ²ϣҲҪ޵ĵߡ
˵仰ҲΪټŮۺĸǾķӣ֮ǰ΢϶ָˣԷǻ飬ܼؾָ԰ȻãҲͻزˡ
ټŮɫһӱļΪѿɫд˵֮ɫ
µӰ¡
΢磬Ϊǹ磬ɶǣ˵Ϊ磬˵Ϊںɽ˱ǰ
ټŮϵĵģĸʱҲֻܵ΢֪²ΪҲѡˣǣúúν֮¡
ʱټŮͻȻãĸæ׷ټŮͷҲصĵ㣬ѾΣʱ̣Ҿðʩչڶ֮ܲܽΪָ쾳硣
ĸƺҲ뵽ټŮۻֻ̾˿ټˣڶ֮ǵŶɷҲƾԲ֮֮ɹˣȻԻָ쾳Ϊʧˣ֪ʲô


ھŰٶʮ 
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мɰգĸɺγ֪ټŮĻָ쾳ΪһͶӭж⣬Ҳ֪һʧܣ롣
ܼɣҪԲ֪ټŮ˵꣬ھڶָ֮Ϊһ
ĸ֪ȰסټҲ͵˵ͷ

磬ɽ֮ϣɽһʯϣ˹һٹ衣
ùطˮУںһ˰޹Ͷ̥
ֲ裬ɽÿնҪϼǧɴ˻ɢ˵ƽɽȲ趼ҪϸƷζ赱İգû̾ͺȣһȻŵһˡ
ɽʮֿ˵
ŵģȫ
ǰģͨһòȴƮݡ
棬˻˼ֻ֮·ҿɲȡֱӾܾҺǴȻ
ɽհα˵ı磬ֻ֮⻹֪ҪˣֱͿ̿Ȼ˼˵һȥҲɱ˰ˣһȥ˶ùĺֹǧ֮
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⻰ɽǲ˵ģΪ֪ԼԲĶ֣ȫѾŵ֮ʤ磬ִơ
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һЦɽҲֱӽйһɿǻζ֮ɫ
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ߣɽһæа㲻ߣ㲻˵ΪһټɵûնɱˣһɲĶ֡
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Ȼ֪ټΪҪ磿ɽ治
˵Ҳҿ˵˵ҷ磬˽磬ֻ֮裬˽ȻŰһţ֮ȫҪӮҪʤֻɱɵ۶ʤҪѱ˽緲ˣҪѲٴۣұҪ׻һ꽨ƺ͸ֲڷеҲҪڶʱﳹװγҪɳҪġ˽ңһɳģʱٴһĲǣֻҡһڶӰֻȫһͳݡĿɿڴĺɽʵ𣿡
ɽǵͷ뵽ʲôּæҡͷŹһЦʩչ֮뿪硣

һɻֵУΧɢż߲Ƶʬ΢һô̧֮ͷԶͷľ޴ɽҲǾ֮ɫ
֮ǰ΢ͨؾָ֮ǼɢʬĹﶢϣЩǣֻȻֵͼﲻܶ΢ʲôΣЩʬնɱ֮΢ͿǾ޴ĺɽ
Ҫ֪΢ҲϤĺܣϾ΢дɽˣȷǰ統û޴ɽġ
޴ļֱͬսһĺɽǴģ
ĪǣĳܴսŲƹģ
΢ʶܹ㣬ܶ࣬Ҳ޴ɽʲô·΢ܿ类գɽ
΢뷨ӴҵؾֻҪܽӴؾ壬Ҿ֪ʲô£ٿԻָֻ֮ؾʱ˵
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΢ˣոԼѾССģŵУ±֣û뵽Ǳˡ
ģŹ֣ӦòǶĹɣ˿һ벻Ȼһ©֮㡣


ھŰٶʮ ץ
ϴɻۣжζͬ⣬΢ϵץĹƷ׼ߣ
ֹҲƷģΪļһƷԶԸȪ֮µĶƷɶԸ֮£Ʒ֮£ƷõĹǹΪҲ
ŵıƷõ֡
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˵꣬ͻȻ֣΢˦
ؾˣ΢ʱæŲڵؾָеĵؾ֮˵ؾȻͨ󣬵Ĺɱֶȴǲǿ⣬˵ںͱؾʧȥϵֻһڵؾָ϶ѡ
Ĵ΢͵ؾ֣֮Ҳֻܺɴƽ֣ԷƷ΢߿϶ƺܴȡʤ
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ոն̶̵ʱ䣬΢ѾӶԷֻƬﵱ˺ܶණ
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һ㣬ҪץԼҪɱԼôץ֮϶ҪصһطȻˣöԷ֣棬ô¡
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΢֮һץ΢㻯Х磬򶫳
ⶫ΢Ȼ൱ϤģƽʤвٹѲߣǴ˿̣һˡ
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ԶԿһɹŹϢ֮΢ǿһһɶߵͭڷһյϡ
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ҲϡͿֻ֪ͻȻһ޴ĺɽ磬ִǺɽǹһĸ־Ȼ٣һޱȣȻоܣסԨµʱΧеٺ͹޶¶֮ɫȻʱһĻǼ¡
΢Ҳһĳǵ޽ıɾȻڶԷжûס
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Ԩ˵ǹ֣Ͳһˡ
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ѵĽҲǹʰˣ
΢㵵ͬʱͻȻͷ֮ͻȻ˵棬Щ漫ΪŹ֣ԶԶȥͬʺһ㣬ռյޱȡ


ھŰٶʮ 
ʱ΢Ҳˣһ޴ͭڲ޴ޱȣɰ򼶵ĹޣԶصͭϵ಻ĸ񣬴ǸСһʮɣСͬƣЩӵһ𣬽ͭڶռݣͬδһĻ
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Ԩҡҡͷ޴һץˡ
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Ͼɽգȫﻮǧ֮ãѾ©е׼ˡ
΢飬Ա߹ߡֵȻǽϣ΢ϣȻ֪΢Ŀǰݣǰӣ΢Ϊ˵ո´Դ˿̶һϣĿ΢
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ķӣ΢ȻУʦУһ֮Ųѣ鷳ǳȥ֮Σ
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ڶһǼѣ֮ǰԹַӣ޷˴΢ʶʦʱʦĴоڣǺ΢һ壬ʱãͷһͻ
ԨһֵܣĪǡ


ھŰٶʮ һؾ
΢һЦߵͭڽǰһ˲һŻ֣֮ͨ£Żͨ磬ڶ޶ǾΪˣȻͬ졣
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΢һ䣬Ԩ˵ߡ
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˿΢ʦٿдȻʦеıɱֱ֮Ӻɽϡ
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ΪԨǴһʼͱץסҲ֪ؾ﷢ʲô飬ʱѾ֪΢ʲôҲ֪΢Ȼһöؾָŵؾ֮顣
һֻҪõؾ½ؾɽ⿪ӡ
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˵꣬⼸ɽǿٷԶ
²ʮɵĵطԨ͹ߵǴҳҪ֪ͶԷ֮ûκڵģƫƫЩɸ־ǿǣ΢ֶΣѾǳ۷
ȵǼԶ˲˿


ھŰٶʮ ǰȥ̽
˵ʵ΢ҲѱЩɽץס٣΢ǰĪ
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ҪǣҪһ·ӳȥȻᾭΧ׷½أΣ̫󣬷ǵºڣɽЩǲġ
΢˵ܸǰ취Ҫߣʱؾָ뿪ʲô壿
ԨߣΣҲ޷⡣΢Žؾͻصؾ̽ԻΣգڿҲǾˮ£ȫξȻǺɽ棬ǡ滻˵ؾ飬磬Ѿڲ֮ء
΢Ҳû뵽ǾȻ͵һؾƿصؾҲƿ磬һҲû취ˡؾʱ΢̾˿͸Ρ
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ȻȫǸ͵ȻҲɽ編ƣ˵գҲΪ¡
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֣Ǻɽôһ϶ǾǽΪˣʱźǡʱͷһ϶˵


ھŰٶʮ 
˵⻰޶һ㶣󾪾ȷˣ϶ϲ£պǴʱ±պϣɴ˲뽩֣ϸһ룬ȷǺɽµ壬ǵ
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ʱһΪײѷϵϣĽΪߣӦɫһ͵ķ𣬵˳ŷ϶⿴ȥǷ϶ȻСȴһϣӳȴ
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΢ȥӡܼ򵥣˼Ϊ԰꣬뷨ӡ
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΢ȷ뵽һ˵ķӣȻ޷ǧɣ΢Ҳа취취΢ʱ뵽ǾʦġĸɵݴǷضʱʩչġ֮
֮ɴһͨ۾ԶκϣԳͨ衣΢Ȼ޷ʩչʦġţӦҲܷӳ֮һЧá
ġɷ΢ͷһҪ֪Ҳʦһ;һЩ΢ûɷʦġȻҲģ
Ϊ΢ǰġɷһգĸɵ֮˲Ϣ֮ͬط΢Ҫ󲻸ߣʦġţֻҪܴͨǧɾ㹻ˡ
ݹȥ֮΢ȡʦʣΪ۱ʼ⣬ŵģһ̣΢һȼʣȻǻһţٿճ֣ʵѷ֣Ȼ̺֮ޱȡ
ոÿһʣ΢оڵһ⣬ףʵѵ£Ҳ΢ʦľ繻ߣԱţǿ֮
Ȼ΢⻭޷֮Ტֻۣǧɾ룬ӦÿŹͨ
һ̣΢һ㣬ǰƶǰûУӿͬǰһƬˮһ㣬ǰûˮСǴУȻƾղƵ˰š
⡭ǡڶɴ˿Ǿ°Ͷˣʲôֱ˼Ҫ֪ڳɶǸ֣˲Ϣǧû⣬һĽƸסǣͬϹŹǹĸĲƣκͻƶǹŹžȻƾճ֣Ȼǽһ


ھŰʮ ׹ڤ
ĹɸʲôЩǧĹҲһҲֻмλ޿һߡ
ʱ򽪰۾Բһ㵵ûɣ⡭ⲻĸɴ˵֮
ĽҲǵͷϳɷͨ
Ȼ֪ͨɲ˭ģɳֻĸɻʩչȻҲֻ֪ģĸΪλʩչ֮ǾͲ֪ˡ
ǲ֪ȴ֪һ㣬ʱ򼧺ʲôû˵
֮λȻ֪ǧѷ꣬˳ţͿ
ɲ֮䣬֮ϣͻȻһˡ
ݿ£ͬãȴһ£嶥
ɽ棡ĽǿˣһˣѾȫסû뵽ɽȻϢ
˿̣ǲ֪ɽж
ɽ˿̾վ΢ġϣüͷһⲻͨôһϣʩչ
ϸһɽЦԭˣֻèС
˵һм̧һ壬˲䣬ֱӱ飬ǧ֮΢ҲֻԼƵ飬׳˲ӡ
΢ܣУʱӦæ𣬲ڴڣȥ
΢Ҳ֪Լ¶ˣ΢ԥ̾ȥ
΢֪ԼϣȻᳯԨǲĵطߣɳԽԶԽãܲΣա
ڴڣͻȻ𣬹Ǻɽ档
༸Ҳ֪ǻᣬܽɽɱͽˡ㲻ܽɽɱһ΢Ҳԡ
ֻҪ΢棬ͻлᡣ
ߣǶѱ˼ܱˣɽ⣬Ǳģֹ赭дָһʱâɫޣѵĺɨ˲ͽ޴ɳȥ
ͨƼ򵥣ȴǽºĽǵȹ޸ԵֵǵĹǹҲǺɫ޵ĳ֮˲߽⡣
Ĺɣλɽ涼
ǰ˱֮Զȹֱ³΢ġţͨǱΪлӳȥͷǾˮ£üš
ֻҪɽڣԶӲȥ
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ʱ򣬺ɽһȡһƴСĸʬʬһӣѾòȴǺɽ洵һ棬˲Ǹʬʼͻգ֮ͱһһ˶ߣɱޱȵĹӡ
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¡
мʩչֳţֱӱպϣûһ˿һķ϶
ܷɶ죿
ҲʮϢʱ䣬΢Ѿ˶ǰλƽԭǰڤӣڤӾж֮
΢ڤϿյʱ򣬵ؾָͻȻʾ΢ҲһæһԶȥͼӰһһȭͷ£΢ȥȻǽʮµڤˮˮ
΢Сģؾļٴ΢붼룬ʩչӰΣȻһЩȱڣ֮Ȼ޷޸
ʱ΢ſ壬ϮԼľȻһģ죬׺ޱȵĹ
˫ۼȭצǿ磬΢һ۵ͬʱԷһ˦βֱͬһ߳˹ƿ֮
һ΢ʵڶ㲻ȥβͳУһ΢ȻѿҲǱһȥֱڤӵС
˻һͬһڤˮϲ̽˿ﻹܼ΢Ӱֻйڤʡ
Ծڤ֮ˮԸˮʱһ𣺡ɣͷ­䣬ڤӣԪţϲڤ˲ͻᱻڤ֮ˮڣˡ
æ֨֨һУһźʧ١


ھŰʮһ 
ڤˮ޷޲Ҳۣ˰Ҷǧ֪ˮδ
΢ԺԼ峪֮⻹ˮ죬ɲ֮䣬΢˹
֮ǰ΢ҲǼӶӳڤϿձһΪٺһ޼ĹϮǱԷһȻ׹ڤӡ
ڤӶڹ˵ǽأڤ֮ˮɸʴֻڤˮڤˮдڡ
ЩڤˮǺǣٲֻתĹҲ뿪ڤӣ̾ɢԵڤӵĹޣ³ֻֻһǱתΪڤˮһǻɢ
΢ȻûгΪˮҲûлɢ˿Լһľϣľվһű²ñڰڽС
΢о죬ͻȻⲻԼʮǰʱԼڤӽǸưʹô
Ȼʮʱ䣬ûһ仯ĽǶȶûа㲻ͬ
ʱ΢ͿĲ˿ҲһԷϣһӰ£ڣ΢ۣ˸ʲôͬ
ʱ΢ʹߣ˵⴬ûʲô⣬ֻһưͣרڤӺϰڶɵ
Ȼ߸֪⴬ĵϸ˶ưͣոգ⴬˵
΢ϸ̽ԼѿȻѾ޸ɣֻܿ΢һֵ顣
ָһֱŵĵؾָˡ
һ΢һ»Ҫ֪ǵؾָǲԼģôܲˣ
΢²鿴ȷҲˣؾָ΢ȻҲ޷ؾ顣
һӦ΢͸оǱǴˣתһֲԣԼ⴬ϣֻ˵Ǳ⴬ȣԷҪߵؾָȡ֮ٽԼ߻ڤӺǸá
ִˣȻˣһ˵ط´뿪ɡ
ʱ򴬷򿪿˵ɳƣͷûתҡ
΢˿Ǵʵ㾿Ǻˣ
Ȼ⴬ͨĹޣҪ֪ںɽ潵٣滻ؾ飬磬ٺ͹ץס˵û˭ܶɽ̽飬УҲӦ˵ӣ˿ֻŶĳɹһѣ⴬ȻһԼ⴬ӼǾǶԷ̡
΢ţԷӦǺߡ
ң㲻֪Ƕưͣҡڶɣһѡ򵭵˵
΢ó⴬˵Լ̫ʣ˵΢Ҳʡ
ֻһͳƣ֪մ΢ʵ
ͷأǳƺʲô𣬿ʱ̫ãԼԼʲôˣҴҲУưҲá
ѣȻûбץΪβ΢ʡ
ٴѣҲйȥһ죬һĲʲôģΪβԭҲܼ򵥣ΪץңΪҪ㣿дЦ⣬Ϊ⻹Ϊм
⻰͸԰
⴬ֲˣ΢ʣͲ˵΢ʱֻлΪɵӶ֪϶⴬Լڤӵ̳ġ
˭ϴڰֻ֣ǽӺ̳޸ȴңֻǾ֮ͣһǰ̣ûҵ㡣
΢һ㶣ܿ췴Ӧ뵽˵ؾָоðһͷ
ԼʱǹӴУѾѣ⣬Ȼɢ˵ڤӣʮ޸ʮа˾žǵؾæ֮Բ˵ؾָҲпйء
ҲԼ̫ţû뵽Ȼ˲Ǳ׷ɱˣҲ䵽־ء
ؾ龿Σ΢ֻ֪ʱв롣
΢ԭҪȥˣΪãЩ˵ĵؾʧ٣ԼûеؾָҪɽ綼ܡ
ִ򲻹ҲȲȥһʱ֮΢ȻҲЩ޼ƿʩ
˿⴬΢ͻȻðһ⣬ҪһǴȴǿ΢Ҫ˵ʲôæҡͷңҺһֻܵͷڹ꣬Ҫ֪ǿǺɽ棬ǹĸ󼧵ĵӣ˱֮ѰܶԸģҲ򲻹˵Ǻɽ֮ϣƵĹɣб˵ңɽɣҲһûӣɡ
˵⴬дһ˿ûΣȻû֮ǰְɫĳֻ䵱УĬԡ
΢ԴĻҲ޴ӷò˵⴬˵Ķʵ
Լʲô˵ֻйԼ˱彵٣Σ


ھŰʮ 
µ磬ҲԲǺɽĶ֡
֮Ǵ֮ĵһսͷһ󣬱Σһ¾ʤ㡣
ѵҪ񴬷˵
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΢ҡͷҪҲܣԣ²С
΢繶ڶͬµҪ΢ҲҪȥҧ¶Էһ
ͷ˲ͨ΢ľҲ˲٣µллңȻ㲻Ը˵ĵϸҲǿ㣬˵ȴ޷ͬ΢˵жΪҲöأԵԼģһҪܣһһܣͬ鰮Ҫһ΢Ⱳʲôǲͷڹꡣ
΢ĻȻʮַŭƨ˭˵ûʸ˵⻰ʲôӣùɽ𣿱˵ɽ棬ɽڶɣҳͿ׽ɱеʱͷڹ겻벻ܲģ㣬Ҳˣ˭Щͬ鱨𣿡
Ҳܺù͵΢˵һ䣬˭ϴ͵Ťͷ΢Ŀŭ⣬ӰҲڶɱӿ֡
⴬ͷһ̧ͷ΢Էݲǰϣͼ򽫴һھ͹ȥȥҺɽƴû͸ӱ죬ͷڹꡣ
΢ҲһŭȻˣ΢͸ǣ֮
ƨ˽͵ûɢò㱨Ͻӹ
һ΢Ҳٶԣպô˿̴밶Ѿܽ΢˿ƻָ𣬻һ䵽ǰϡ
ͷһǴѾǳ˴ԶȥƬ֮ͿӰˡ
΢ʱҲǾĪ⴬ʵǹֵ㣬Ȼ仰˵Ծͷŭ侲֮΢ҲӦĵ⴬ͷڹ꼸˵⣬Ī顣
Ҳǣ⴬ʵǿǹһҶڤϤޱȣ֣ӦֻһڶɵĴ򣬿ƫƫѹΪôõĴ˵ԷҲйµˡ
ԷĻ΢ȷԹͬνͬΪı´´Ҳûʲô˲
лᣬ΢ὫĶ黹ϡ
˿΢Ҳ鷳꣬һⰶ߾ɫİǰӦôûط
ǰ΢ͻȻһ޴΢ĿɿڴȻǿǰһԨһĶϱڣڤڴ˶ٲХ¡
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ֱǧɣҲǾˣƽ޴棬ǿ˸ͼġ
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е˻ƣתͻͶ֮ңҪôǹٻӵܣٻ󡣶еˣ̣ţ
΢ڵ伮ж̵Ĵڣдɽʱ΢Ҳ뽫룬ˣ΢ȴûԵȴΪ֮أǽء
Եʱ΢ĹƷȻ̵֪ڣȻҲͲǰ
Ҳ˵΢ͷһμ̡
ȷǾ޴ޱȣڶ̺棬ȻҲһ£Կ޵ĺ컨
΢֪ʲô
˰죬ӶѻҶлձ̾΢ૼԶ˰ид
о˰һȻͬ졣ֹͣת˰Ǻޱȡ
ʱ΢룬ת̣ǿֻ֮ת
תģΨеؾ飬֮ˣǽ֮Ҳ뺳̡
Ѿǰˣ΢ͻȻֳ嶯Ҫϵ˰ǲ紫ǰ㣬ҶݣҶл֦Ҷ
΢ΣѾǺް취ȻʱȳԨ͹ǣΣ·Ҳֻ¡
޹ɾȲؾָҲ΢ǭ¿޼ƿʩ
紬ԣԼͷڹ꣬Ǿֻȥ
Ȼˣ΢Ըȥ˰
û䣬𡣵΢𣬳˰
Ȼ΢ҪԽӦòѴֻ̧֮֮ͷһȴĿɿڴ˰ԶȻԭء


ھŰʮ а
Īǻ΢ֻڤʵԶǱ˰΢ٴһԾ԰ʮɵľ룬˲伴΢֮ǰԽ뿴Ļ䡣
䵽˰˲䣬ͻ䣬΢֣ԼȻٴվڸոλã˰Զ
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Ǿǵ˰
ұ㲻аҿƫƫҪ΢ʱҲǷ˾ٴһԾ΢ܴڵһлǰһոأ»ص㡣
ƺô˱˰΢ĴƣԺһ˥ܵĴơ
ǽ΢һһһĳԣϵķԾϵػ㣬Ǳ˰ƺͽǰԶߣôŬ޷
΢ħϣʲô룬ܶʼĳԣʧһΣһΡ
ԶڤˮİߣŴ΢һһĳԣȻ˲䱻һͻҲ벻΢޴ʵǱ˰Զ˵ģͬˮ£˵㣬ĸҲûãǴܸģѵʵ²ΪΪţǼ⣬һһȥûϾûи棬ҲԣϾѾ޽ӽѾˣȻһ㣬һУжϣ֮棿˭Ӯ˭䣬жᣬһССܺģ΢΢ڲԸʵôԣһܽƵģתơ
˵꣬ʹ㻮뿪һһ鳢ԣ˿ûҪͣ΢ȴûƶŲǾôš
ʱµĴȻЦ꣬ǲǱ£꣬Ҳ΢һҪƣΣˮһ廹Ǽɱֻˮǳ̲İ֮˰ѩ׼㱻ᵽڤˮԶ׼뿪ڤӰ벽㵹Ҳ֪²ΪҲΪ˱סˮһѪԸԸͷڹ꣬ҲΪˣո΢˵仰ʱŻ˵ķŭǲǣ
죡ŽµĴŭ˵ݺһţһĺ죬һ̣Ĵ˺͸ղһģһǴűĺͷ̵ϰɣ꣬ΪĽ΢ҵٻҷ㣬ŭԣ˼˵׼ϰ벽ͼ겻뿪ڤˮ˽ưͣʵһͷڹꡣ
ŭ͵ǴһѹĽڽڱ顣
ǸûʧڤˮУˮۼ͸ոһĵӡ
ͷڹ꣬ͷڹ꣬һûֵͷڹ꣡
ŭ˫۳죬һһߣȻһɺ֮»һͷ޴ޱȵ꣬һڤˮУɱۼˮһʱ֮䣬ڤˮӿˮǣожˮΧɱȥȻĶ֣ױ飬Ƭʱ䣬ˮ˺顣
ƺƴ󣬲ǱѾĳħ΢ǳţĶô˰
һܶʼһһظԾԶϲ˰һǲڤˮɱҪǸֻȻⲿǴǽڤˮеˮɱ⣬Ҳʧ
ֻ΢һ⴬ҲǱԼеסһֳԭΣҪֹ˵Ȼһͽ͡


ھŰʮ ڶʧ
ͬʱɽ죬˫֣վǰңɽա֮ѡվһߣԿȫһһЩܺãָоȻһǴƣȫռƣȴһָо
ǴƣҲ䣬ȻĿǰȫռݾƣһ˥Ѿǲ赲飬ѭ˼򵥣
ο۴ӵָ֮оͼΪ˵һЩжǴûгֹ
һԸˣѡԼĸоܾȫ롣
ѾֹӵܺȫԼκϵŮѩ
˿¶̨ϣΧûˣֻаۺʣ߿ˣСףϹʱڣڶɽ磬Ҳһˣ˷˶֪һȥΪηǵðһһس֮
۴˿̵˵
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΢΢һЦҹ۴ƣˣһ΢ȫǿƣ֮ƣȷû
һżȻˣΪλҪһǻ
۴˿Ťͷ˿һʣȻЦ㻹ǲǵõˮһ飿
һ㶣ͷȻǼǵãˮһ嵱깴չһ壬ͼ죬ƻʧܣһ屻𣬶ˮҲֻʣˣڤˮУϰ벽
ǵþͺãĪˣʱ΢һǿ쾳ɾˮԵҲһ쾳֣壬쾳֮⣬޵ڶͬ֡ʱ֮ƣҲǾų˳˥壬󲿷ֹ֧һˮԣأǷΪʤ棬һͦҲ˵ƣҲһǰٷְȷġ˵꣬˼ȻҲΪ֮£䶨֮󣬰۲Żչأ˵֮̽ʵϣ޸ơ
ֻôһ쾳֣ԾԲʧӣȻ˵ˣֻ˵ΪͻΪչء
һû侮ʯǶ飬˷һѣ侮ʯǽݡ˵ֵ꣬Ӵ±ɿҲбģ̥ɵķйȥڡδ֮˵ȥ㶨ɱ䣬ڼǵǰδѲ²⣬Դһᷢ˷ΪһһҲƱ䣬ҸоȫȻڣڱ˳ᢣδܳ¡۴˿̺ǿ϶˵
ʴһ룬һѾȫûлˡ
Ҳǻûܲǣȿ˵㰡ѾǷˣôôס֮λҪģˣҲϣ㲻Ҫʧ۽ѵһʼæͷѵ
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ǻû۳͵ɶϲǿԿ鲼Ѻۡ
һ̣ɶûټŮڣɫ԰ףȴƽ۾ĸɡ
ټղô£ĸ˿ľڹۣټŮ۾Բܳκβ
֮ǰټʩչڶ֮ΣյɷָʢʱڵΪҲǺ쾳硣
Ȼ˭һذ֮ƣҪתƣ͵÷ǳֶΡ
ټȲѣžʩչһŶġڶ֮ɷɹԻָ궦ʢʱڵΪֻҪΪָܻ쾳ټаգƾһ֮תơ
˿ĸǰ̽ټȴɫ԰ףҡͷ㣬ʧˣڶ֮ǳɹɻָʢΪʧܣɢȻǿɶɢҪ˯УԲ𣬽㡭
ټŮ˵Ȼֹ˫ʧ񣬶һ̣ٴ̧ͷѾ֮ǰͬһ̣ȴĸˣټˡ


ھŰʮ Ӧ
ĸɴ˿ɫΪѿæǰʵ£
ңʱҲɫټŮʩչڶ֮Ḷ́ڳǿͷڶ֮ʧܣҲΪټŮۺŹһ
˿̣ѾоټŮ۵ϢԷ˯пѾɢ
Լ֪ľĸɣĸɫ԰ףþò
óĸܵĴ󣬴֮Ĺؼʱ̣ټŮ۵пѾɢֱ
ʱ汻ոڶɹ˽
ƽӦĶټŮۣµʶȻһֱţֻԹۣ˿ټŮ۵ʧ٣Ȼһӻˡ
ĸˣ½һ˿ĸ˫Ŀʧ񣬾ȻǷ²ͬĸҪԶĶࡣ
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ʲôĹǣ
ɵ۾ǣûɵֻۣһɢɳΪƾټλһһɢɳۺֻһ·ȴû뵽ᷢ顣
Щ
⣬ټã˿ĸҲǼܴȻʧ֪Ǻã˵˿Ҳûʲôˡ
©ƫҹ꣬ͷ硣
ʱѾнŲȻɹѾͲס˽Ҳ֪ؼʱ̣ټŮΪһɵۣǾԲһ
ʱͷһ̣ĸ˲ع֪Σ鲻ܱ¶һɳ߽⣬ô˵ȰѾס
ʱڶɹѾ˽
ĸˡ
ټѾڣֻ£һ鷲ŮƣȻ¶¶ڣʱҲȡ
λڶɹٽ룬ǰݼټŮۣĸһƣһˡ
˭ʱ¾Ȼɫ侲λɼңոɷһЩ춯ŵλˡ
̬˿̾ȻټŮһ޶
ĸҲĿɿڴºټΪһ壬Ψһǵģ˵̬ո˵ģѾټ
ĸûп˿ߣ͸˵ˣ˿̼λڶɹٲ˿ԭˣû¾ͺãոɷĶʵСɵ۴ҲСһЩ´֮Ĺؼʱ̣ɵۿɲܳʧ
ոҲЩ⣬´βˣλûϢ𣿡´˿̿˵Ȼģ˿˿
ҡͷһλ˾Ķ쾳ٴҲδκ쳣
ãȫķҲҪģ⣬ȫ磬ֻ֮һӰı˽磬öһЩµ˽磬Эʮ˻ס˽棬ûбǣǱ°ɡ˵꣬ɶˡ
ȵ˶˳ȥ֮ѧ±ŵŷҲŵĴڴոҲǱΣһѧټŮ۵̬ûбκζ߳
һԵĸʱҲǳ˿ղŲɣò˵ٳӦܲס棬Ҫ¡
ĸҲ뵽һεķӣǾ³Ϊټɵִۣһɳ
ȥʵЩҪ֪ټŮϸ˵ûʸΪһɵۣټŮ۴ǧ֮꣬λΪʢʱǺ쾳ɵۣǿ
أ
ĸУ²һ鷲Ů֪ΪҲ֤ͨ˾˵ɵ֮𣬾ǵƷϵɹ٣Ƕʸ񣬺ֹǲʸ񣬸һ죬һء
ڣƣȻֻװټŮۣò˵Ǽ
ٶ˵һˡ
Ҫǣ¸ĸټȻӦʧΪͨȻڡ
ȻһЩɷ²ʩչ쾳Ϊǿõģĸ˵ͷҲҿˣΪûˣ㡣
ֻǽô˵£ĸЩ֪롣ĸҲǾɾӸλжһµǰƣ֪ʲôʲôˡ
ά״飬ֻǱˮˣĸ˵Ҳǵ˵ͷģ΢ʱ΢ߣ»аȫС
£ȷҲֻĸ˵һһˡ


ھŰʮ ƽ
ȫûдٽƺڿһߵķӦƱػΪһ壬ȵʱˣͻֳȫһ
˹һʱգ˽統Ѿǳӡ
Ϊֻ֮裬֮벻磬һ֮䵽ǶңһЩطǳɭء
һЩ˽ǱõһЩҲǳû֣Ϊ˼䡣
磬ĳĽҰ⣬һڷ֣ϵĵ˿̱紵죬һһдԶ·Ъš
̣Ҳֻ·֮Ъţ綼ԻũһһͭΡΡߵһһǰλ͹ԶַСвˮζλ͹Ϣ
Ϻֳһȣ׻ĺ룬صװ磬飬˿ŵգ˼˲˵Ķ˷ҽ͵ҪһԺվȽΪˡ
δ䣬ǲͻȻȻ͵ſѪ죬һѿȥһͷ˲һ֣ץϺС
ͬʱ̵ЩҲǱɶĻ꣬ΧľɫҲͻȻ仯˲ǹء
Ϻж죬һͭͷ֮ǲҽһȻϲ
Ϻгû̧һƣǸŶĻɢϺΪĽҰ룬ɱһʮƬ֮䣬˷Ȼӿʮֻģ£Ѫģģ
ϺһҹѣּжԼͽܣϺǺʮ𣡡
ϺǸСͱΧĶŵĻɢ˿һŶһͬʱŵһľȡ¾𣬳ڲľа߶ߵһϺһţʩչ𷨣ʱ⽣ɢ䣬Χж˲ɱ
ϺеһЦЦδ䣬ΧɫͻȻתХ졣
һ£ϺҲˣ֮ɫ紵ڶҶҲײϣϺֻǾֵĶܣ૵ǿǹһضǹһֻйһȿֲ
ʱԶʶһ̣پʬзɳڿоۼΪһ޴
ʬֲޱȣ˿̷ɭɭЦͺ¿Ȼɱҹū
һХʱɷӿһһС
ϺƤҲûԤϵôĹ˵޳ǰ˶УҲһʱ䱻ã˴ĵܳ
ڣﲻͨٴҲץꡣ
Ϻ֪Ķ֣ǳ²ϵ飬˦Լͽܡ
ʮΪʦסŽ飬ȥԪȨΪʦѣҲֻԽȥϺкһȻǴΪͽܺƴ
ʱһ˲ϢֱӹᴩǲʬһҽʬȻըʬͬһ¡
УһӰƺҪǱѣʱһŽʵĵ˷䣬һ۾ƼǹӰټȴһץͼָһʯǽǹӰץס
ǹӰǶãٿǵˣѾ׳һ׷׾ɱ
䣡
һ죬һ׹ĺƣ£ǽǹӰֱӺɱ
С类ĵаǸ˵ķ緶
Ϻһˣһ㶣һϲæǰ񣺡
УôܵˣɷϵʿǴԪȨ˿˸һƷʲķѾǻһ⣬ʡ
мæУΣ˼䣬˾Ҵһ·ɱҪһԺ𷨣񡣡
Ȩɨһǽ˵ͷһķΪͲˣʵǽԺ˶þ͵ùţȻҪɱ츣գܹǺ¡
ЩΣ˿̵ͷϵƶɮΪȷΪʮУΪ²һ£ɸովȻһɥ֣֮⽨֮£ƶɮҲʤΣЩӻȥҾͺֽ¡
ǵδأ㽨ԺֻҪΪ£Ǿ޷ҷһңģҲطҴԪѡһɽͷ㽨£ǹ˲ˣ¶УԪڶӶɽɱҲǸպڸĹŸպø˵ԶͻȻһ׭ƿնȨӦŤͷһҲɫһ䣬ãǴԪĽ׭µΣˡ
˵꣬Ȩǻһ⣬Ӷȥ


ھŰʮ ˽Σ
ǾжҲȥûзķţҲǷŵʿǾУҲؾʿ˿ҲǶ÷𷨣׷ȥ
Դ类⣬ֻر裬˽Ҳ˻޴ȥε˼䣬˹еĸǳΪ
ɱˣٱܶʼԩԽԽࡣ˽ŨֹǴ죬еʱҲܲΪĶû
֮ȻûȷҲһЩĹޣο粻ֹһЩ֪ͻȻðǿҲǳû˽硣
Ȩٶȼ죬Ƭ֮͵˷׭ĵطɨһۣǿдԪʮ棬֮ʮһȨǼæǰ
ǰؽһʯдŹ˼ׯ
Ȩ֪һǧ˵Ĵׯӣ˿̣ǰʮȻ˵·Σ˼ׯˡ
ʦ壬˼ׯԪȣʱѾ֣ʦǵĹ˼ׯ˵İοԸոմѾ˼ׯţѾȥһʱɲǹһʱæԭί
ȨҲǵ˵ͷ˼ׯ˶ԴԪǹƥǮƣҲӵҲǰ봿Ԫ˼ׯѣԪȻԴ
Σգ΢ĵӣ⼸УΪѾǼߣĿ󾳣еԼǿ˵еţԼ֤ɣ϶ҪִƴԪġ
Բʧ
ȥһʱˣȨüͷ֪鲻ã˵ʵΪҲδӮ˼ׯﲻʲôȻסǾ˵򵥡
ȨΣ£ýȥ
Ǽǰǲ׼룬⣬һʱ֮ڲǾͽ׭ΧȨ˵꣬һĵֽС
ʮͷֻţʱȥʱʱһһ˹˵֮Ҳҽ룬һ档
ȵһʱ֮ʮӶһɣҪ֪ȨڴԪǿָߣΪҲߣͬޣ˵⼸֤ɣ־ȻҲûг
ʱͻȻйӰУ˿ЩӲž֪ʱȻҲѾŨǶǵĺ·
ŵһ̺
ʱΧŨԣͻȻ˷ӿмӹӰýɫĵٲκγɣǴ߶˦ֶ
ͼǵȻǻһ𣬹ǼƱ㽫Χ֮ڵĹһգڹеٶҲǵ˴ùɲ֮䣬ͬһգȻһҽж
һ֮ƻ粦ƼգʣⲻѰʿֶΣʮӴ˿̼ѣĪƵĵ
Ԫǳ˵ģһֹһǰ΢ʦ棬˵ǳǶ֮֡
ϺʱҲ˫ֺʮм֮ޱȣԪйȻǲԻ
һ̣ͼ֮ϣһɲ֮ڵϣվʮԪǰ
ЩӸûӦʱͷһŷһλ£òޱȵŮ˳֣ŮɣЩڻعæ
ݼСʦ棡
΢ǴԪӵʦܣǴԪʦ棬ɣǳΪԪľ䣬ڶӾͳƺΪ΢ʦ档ȻλʦãͳΪСʦ棬ϾҲǻʵ֤ˡ
˽٣̾ʹˡ
ŨǿĹԣôйɣĿӦһ۾ҲûЩӣһѾǳŨ
˼ׯǰҲ˿ȴǳһƬ򣬹ǱеĻǾǧ˼ׯѾûһˡ
أ͹˼ׯĹϵãһ˺͹˼ׯĹϵãǾ˫
꣬˫С浽һѣǹ˼ׯˣΪһЩ飬˫λ֮˫Թ˼ׯʮչˡ˿̳飬ȻҪһ˫
˦һɷȥţԼ֮˼ׯոѾ̽˼ׯоȻй֮ҲֲȨΪ
ڴԪѰţһЩĵӣȨ϶΢ƵĻɷǹȻΪߣҲֻסȨˣԲ˵ǡ


ھŰʮ 
ô˵ˣͬʱպ˫һҲǿʼɵҲʼԣϾһĵ;ĳɾͿ϶ޡ
Ѳ˾ҲһѲ٣ȻһЩء
һǲ׼˽ģգ˽ҲӦйɴڣĹɲ˽
͸ŹŹ֡
ԴټŮ֮ʼ֮һɳ˾̽һս״̬
ϣҲټŮ۵ĵӣȻȨƺ͵λǰѲ˾ʱȫͬϵ£Ҳȫһ顣ҪԸһССĹɣⲻ
գ˽ѣҲ֪үôˣʱ򻹲֪ڵ飬֪΢ͽ硣
Щ鶼ɳܣ˵λִ֮µĶ֪
ЩӦҲһֶͨΣ꣬Ƚ˵ʱվڹ˼ׯڣȡһɷָţɷӡ
죡ʩչһɷ˲ɷȻһ»һŻ棬˦һڵϣǻһɶ೤Ļǻ棬ſһ磬γʮɴСĻţЩ
ɻ֮һǷ֮Щ֮ǿȴͬѩƬ֮ͱճһƬյء
ЩеĶҲǲ֪٣ҽС
Ůޣ̫ͷ϶˼ׯһӿһֻ˶ĹӰ֩ɳ
ʶ㣬Ҳǲ֪ʲô
ʱһ£һŮŲ߳ǹټмأֻսһЩ鸡ϴڣֻͨΪ˵ܶԴս磬˵Ȼ˽ݡ
˫㣡һŮʥԺŮʥ˫
Ŷׯʥ֮ƣŵвʧŮ֮ޣʵһľɫˡ
һ˶еʶӵȷսɽĹҲУⶫݺã˶࣬ԶپͳԶ٣û˹ܣվȻ˶Լţ˵ȳǣǣ֩ɭɭ˵
˫һ˪ѵļ磬˿̾Ȼɹأ˼ׯˣ£ŮǧˣѾ
˫ɱڣ޲ý֩ǧС˿̶ԷȻҿڳԣ˫ȻҲ̲סָὫŵָţͬʱãȥׯпûлڣУͷǳˡ
֪˫ƽᵭţƢ˿̣˫ȻǶŭҲͷͷãã˫ԼСģػ֣ҽȥˡ
˵꣬æһׯС
ܣŶûУǹ֩ɭɭһЦһһ˿ҪʱǱ˫Ѿǳһ˦齣аʲ΢ˣ
˫гһ׽ʡ
ʥֶΣһ̣ݺᣬ꣬ٲֱ£
䣡
촫˼ׯǾ޴ׯţɸߣ˿Ǳķ飬ϸǳһʮɵĽۡ
ѵأѵ
˫ͷһʩչɱﵣֶΣһɶҪĶ࣬Ȼ˵ĽװΣżˣҲɱ˵ġ
ǹ֩˿̱ǽһΪѾ˫⽣ʣɱһĶ
ʥԺʥۼսҲǲɵ˵ģеʱҪʱһˣʥ赲ǧ
ǱҲǽסȨ˽ȶ˼ׯǧȴԾȻˣԪĵӣзʱû⣬˵ȨʿȻǹԱ࣬ͨˣΪߵʿߣǵûһԱֻ֮·һ
ʱٻĵػҲǽ˼ׯΧĹɾߵׯ棬ԪӻϣʱԶٱ䡣һ׳ޱȣке˪ĿȻǼӳ˷ķԶȥһȺɷ죬ޱȡ
ͷһˣҲ죬ϸһȻǹɡ
˿һҲװӣҲӦǸովһս
Ĵˣ㿴Ǳߣһͷľʱ˵ָŹ˼ׯߡ
Ҫ֪˫֤ˣƼǿڶսȻЩɫҿ
ʱ̧ͷһ۾һ


ھŰʮ Ʋɵһ
˫ɵȷ൱Ծû뵽˫
Ϊ֮˽ҲǴңַռɽΪɱӶᣬ鷳ǶŰ˼ׯռΪأȻǵõϢʱգ˻طѾб伯ᣬפظǿԷ˺Ͷ룬ͬʱҲǲ׾ֶַа顣
֮ǰǴ׾ɱһȺа飬֪˼ׯ飬̴ǰΧˣû뵽Ȼ˫
Ĳ˫Ҳһ㶣ǰȻ񣬿Ц˫֮رȣ˫ΪɳʥԺʥλһССᲢ۵ġ
˫򲻿ɣѾʥ֮𣬲Խء˵꣬ǳ˫һֿһѾһĹ˼ׯ벻˫ҲĪҲΪ˼ׯĶа
ʱЦĴˣ˼ׯĹѾ˫ɱˡ
ɣ
ɴһôҲû뵽˼ׯоȻйɴڡ
һ̣һ亹
Ҫ֪׾ȻΧɱǹһ׾ǰҲδռơϾ׾˻ľӣı䶼ǾϸѡеĸɵʿҪõıǶɳӳֹµףƼǿ
Խ࣬Խ㹻׾նɱˣ׾ľЭһ׾Ȼ࣬ӦԾ󲿷ˡ
ǹһǾͲһˡ
˵ʵԸһ׾ǲмﵽǧ֮ǻһս֮׾;꣬ǿ˵ʤķǧһ׾ɣǧ۾꣬ɱУնɱɡ
ֻ׾ǾɲŻһ亹ҲҿĲô磬ξ
徭ɵ֪֮ҲǴİոл˫ԼԪʿ˵˼ׯһʱѾΪ̸֮ɫĹأ·Ҳû˸ҿ˼ׯ˷˼ׯȻǺ¡
кܶҪ˫Ȼ˹٣ǿأ֪黹̫٣´֮ƣҲһ֪
ɾ׾͵ٱһѪǿҲ뻮һȻǷ·һ֮⣬ûж
ʣһǿޱȵľӡ
׾£һȻ鴫˫ʱһ䡣
Ҳǵ˵ͷ׾һ𣬾ȻԲ˵ƣʵ
׾˫ֻǴԪȨȶжš
ľӣ˵ҲֻˣȴΪÿһ׾ı䶼ǰһľ֮ѾǼףӦģ˹Ҳ׾Ҳ˽Ĵڡ
׾նɱɣһԺ죬ǷˣҲñâ
׾һ㲻ֻз²ܣֻ˻
һΣգֻ֮裬´ң˻׾ƽ׾Эפʵϲǹ׾һ붼ֲݿЭɱа飬֪ģһЩС䣬˼ׯģѵֵа飬ҲǷ׷԰ڴݿУΪֻдǿвиˣ׾ػ
֮⣬Ҳ˱֮˵ʱգѾвСűţ˾۹֮أһֻŸء
ʱգдԣ˵һɳڼļֻµ̫ƽ
֮Ȼó˭ɢҥԣֺγǴ޷磬޷ֻתʵ˽Ű´ңҲʵôʱ䣬һ棬ԺܶˣعԱҲ֪˷ҪˣһҪȫ
Ȼ˻׼ɢҥԣסҡͷڵ¾Ҳ޿κΡ
Թ޷粻ˣҪסܿܿڿ̸ף΢Ҳʵûʲô÷ϵġ˫ʱ˵ʿ䣬˫ֵԹŵõ߽Ϊ֮٣ȫ˷֮Ȼ˻Ϊݽ棬磬ֻش㲻֮£Σǵ˴һҲʣԳá
֪֮ԣ
ʱһЦԶһ¸ƣֳȣͷǰһ۶Էٲ⣬һۣȻѾߵǰ


ھŰʮ Ʋɵ
ģ˹ɵһӦһȣ׾ǰһν˲䣬Ƴ죬ӿֳ֣ͻ֮ƣľ׷ɣѰɱѾǸεѣһʿͶҲᱻ;
ǲȻ˿壬һӣʱŭ𣬷ƣ˲׾ƾꡣ
Ȩһ̾Ҫνָ֣շŵϣǲͻȻӸʿǰν
һ·޾ʥ⣬Ȩһ𣬾ȻǰβгƬ֮䣬ͷѾǶӴС亹䡣
Ҳɫһ䣬Գ棬Ǻˣ
ҡͷ㲻֪
˵꣬˫ˣǿԺ˵СѾͷӦһɳʥҲ˵磬ֻشǲʲĶ£ƺԣȴǴش
սʱȥ֣˫ȴסԵҴںδѵֻش磬˼䣬⻹Ǵ£
ֱ׳ǣǵǴ£Ǵ¡
ĺ˵˵ߵڰף̲ס˵
ѵ𣿡۵㣬һǲǴһ
Ȼص
ֵݣɡˡ磬ǲһͳֻشǲһά֣
ǣЩʲôио˫ҲƤһЦȻΪһˣֻػߣ˿ȴ޼ƿʩԼû£ֱֹǿǣʵαʵܡУǴ֮ʲôֶζΪѵһӮȫΪһʱڷ۶ԴǷǣֱǿۣһ˴һˣ߲Ƕָ֣ǰ߶ֲãһлᣬ߶˭ͣĪֻ۸ˣԱ۸㣿
ʱ˫Ǳ˵ƿԣˣ͸˵ɺȨˡ
ǲȻл˵
ȻһΪβ뷨ӽ⣬Ҫ֪һɵۿͨΪβȥָֻ֮תΪβȲȴҪͬͷڹһڸ߸ϵɽﲻҳֻܳװˣзӽ⣬ȴֲǵĶԣǵƣΪһԸΪϲ䣬һɵΪβΪɥԲ֮䣬óݣʺִƶ
˵һαȴԸʧܣǵűˣ翹ֻΪ˱סЩ߸˵ĵλˣǣ˭ˣ
˿˵Ҳ֪ô˵˫ü˶ǵɴ۾֪롣
ȻǱⲼһ˵ƿԡ
ߣԹųܿܣ統жСӶһʱѾȥˣǳϲϣƣǿ߲лȨǽҽȫɱӮˣ˵ʮĶˣȫӮˣɱǣ˴󹦣ɱеˣΪƽ˽ܳĹףԣûʲôƨƶһʵ˵Ժʹֻǿߺʤ߲ʸ綨˵һֻܹӲдûһ㷴֮ǷģȻҪɱ׾٣ǲģҪ˶һ˽ǣǴ˶ۼ֤Ȼ󣬽յһ鵽ʧͷϣǳΪǧָˡ
˵꣬һЦھԵ԰͵⵱УҡȻȥֻɫ԰׵˫ˡ

֮ϣ붫ݲԶսУٿƯһ޴ޱȵۡ
۳ɽͣкȻǽۺһƬ޴ĸںϡ
ȫۡ
߳ȫֶŽǶݣ϶ǾƿصİȻ֮ɫ
վż쾳ɸ֣ȫڣͣڣˡ
ʱ򣬳͵Ǽλѧµ˽紫ۣƱؿԴӸ߽һžһ£һڶӪ꣬Ҳʹ߽⡣
ЦҪ֪Ӯô֮ԶԶȻҪͳ͵ýһ̳Ҫ£͵÷ǳֶΣҪ˶ãǶ֣ԼͶˣ֮ƣҿǣ֪ΪҪô
ȫڶڤ˼룬֪⡣
ЦҲ޷ҪĲҪȫӮô֮Ҫ׽һתʮӶʮ˷֮ǾֶڣǺӶͶȫˡ


ھŰʮһ 
һգ£ڤˮͷ֮£΢ƶҪ˰
һ⣬ʧܸա
ԶΪĴ΢һҲԼִУһƬڤˮһͿ
ʱֻһŹǻĺߺڤˮ֮ϣѾվһ
ձޱȣƫƫȴǴŴѣͷΣŨױĨ˵ǹ쵽㣬Ҫ˵Ĵж죬Ͽһ۵ˣǰϳԵĶ³
ڹϹʲôˣûꣿȻǲϲһץȻǻһ޴Ĺ֣˲佫һֻ޴סֵУȻǶá
˲ߵУĴҲ˲ӷŭִ˹ͼ˻ԴŤͷŵɫ԰ףһ¡
ţ
аôǳˣ˵鷳ˡ
ſɲѰ飬ƹ飬о仰˵ĺãֱΪͷ­䣬ڤӣԪš
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˵ֹͣתǲǺҲйϵ
ڹӣҪǿѪ˰ˡһ䣬¶Ť˵ĻŶĵ㡣
ҲбԸģ˿̣ţȻҳԷڹӣҲһ졣
ԶǲҪԾ˰΢üͷһ塣
Сӡһ䣬һѾǵ֮£ΪԷԼᾪʧͣȴû뵽Է·ûһ㣬ϵĳԾÿΣ»ص㡣
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Ŵŭ΢СӣϹ𣿡
ħȻڤˮֹ꼱æ˫Ŷ䣬ʹ࣬ٿ΢ҲǱһͣãŤͷ
Сӣҿؾ֮ؾٰɣԣȻ˿˿ɹ٣ȤȤˣǰӺɽϹ˵ɽ͵͵£˾ɣɽϹ˰綼һ飬Ȼûҵ㣬ԭȻҵĵֲ̣Ҳ㡣ʱЦ
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ҪѵҲ
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΢ʱ򲻷һԣֻĶš
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Ҳ֮һ
֮ǰһʱգ΢޹ЩڤˮҶĿǰľΪѾʱ򷴵侲
ĿǰȻˣԻȥˡ
̫飬΢ΪģҪҴ֮˵ݣ޷ȴ£ΣգָֻתȻ΢Ҳ
˻ţܵЩ飬һЩ顣
磬ȥ˰֮ϣǻУǰ󵽼˶µźݺһɱ˲΢һ£һڶ


ھŰʮ ڤˮŹ
뵽΢һаȴ̨ˬޱȣȻţڵȷƲΥ΢һˣˣǳΪˣҲҴƣ룬Щ¿ģ磬˵һЩʵ
ͻȻƿڴ͸ĳ˹֣·ĶûղŲһӣӣǰϳԵķ³ˣ㣬ͳʺ࣬˵ͳ󣬾Ȼû֪֮ŨױĨʺϣΪͲʺˣ
һٳ΢泩洬˶ɵȻ΢ĻˣٿţҲһ㵣Ȼû뵽΢Ȼô
Ҫ֪ӹ۶ôͨˣû˸ô
˲仹ΪԼˣ΢Ȼ֪ʱ䲻ˣ˻꣬ӻҪء
΢ʩչˮɺǧХɱʽ˦ֶˮ
һˮǧˣ󣡡
ˮɳȻը˲ӿХȥиǼˮΪŶûӦͱС
ֻһ΢ʩչˮ淨ȴǼΪŹ֣ΪˮѾͨˮڤˮտһĻ΢ԼҲһ㶣ô
Ȼ΢Ҳûʱ俼ǣ΢Լ״̬ʩչˮ淨ԶԼʩչʩչҲκβţһֻĳѡ
ҲˣҲˣ΢Ŀɣ뷨ϵ˰΢ȷĺȥ
Ҫ֪ʱ䣬΢Ҳܶ⣬пܵ˰ǰʵϣڼԶĵطԶľ룬ܿѾѰġ֮ϣԹͨķǵģ΢ѾԹǧٱ飬һ
Ų֮΢ҲԹͬУ΢һӡ
Ǿġ֮
ֻ֮ſԼϵ˰˵ʵ΢ԼҲ֪ΪʲôǵҪϵ˰ͺһֱһԼȥ
ʱȣƬܴ̾ˮ淨΢ӣǻûʹա
գ֮䣬һų֣ͨ˰
΢һָоһο϶Ե˰ͬʱҲǴˮŨױĨѾŪˣǳ󵽼㡣˿Ѿǳױŭ޲ý΢ǧС
΢֪Ŷ֣Զ˵ţʱҲ΢ţͫһĿɿڴ
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ŵֶΣ΢ţҲᱻôһʱ䣬΢Ѿǿţ˰
ȵ΢̤ʵأڱ˰ϣԼҲЩš
Ĺˣ
΢ͷһȻźѾİ꣬Լ˿̾վڱ˰֮ϡ
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˿̲֪ﴵķ촵΢Ȼڳĸо̹״̬ᵽĸо
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˷磬˻ʣµľǰ
΢ûְ⼰ڣڼ⡣һ̣еһ΢ƺҪܷ磬ŻһƬõ顣
΢ƺҲôʱ΢һ
ǰ˰Ȼһé®
΢ǰé®
԰ű龪㵣Ȼû׷ȥԵЩԥ
Ҫ̵֪֮ƿߣΪɴﶴ쾳磬˵統УûʲôɾµġڣϾȻһ˿¡
ܵģֻǴɣֻ֮ϣ֮ģֻ֪ˣŶĸɻ𣬶֮Ĵ߱ǾŶСӼȻһɹ٣˵ĸɴڸģֻ֮ѶȼҶᣬôܡʩչˣСӾ˭ԥ΢ġ֮֮žЩ㱣֮ҧ̣ͣǴֻȫʤܲ׷ҵҲֻһ·ߵڣұȥСӵ˭꣬˭Ҳûá
ԥ֮λһźʧ٣ٳֵʱѾǵ˰֮ϡ
ʱ΢Ѿǽé®֮ڡ
é®ǼªֻһңֻһϢõţ֮⣬Ǹ־ں͵伮һޱȵľϣһѾ򿪵һơ
Ʈɢ˰һģһ΢϶ǱȻñ˰ƵĻơ


ھŰʮ ǰ
ָо֣Ȼ΢ֻǲ²⣬ȻԿ϶ñ˰Ƶľƣ΢оһƺܲ򵥣ϵش
ľѾչҲЩͬѰеֻһչģڵһˣһ
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΢ߵľǰǵͷȥͼ֮дĸ֣ɲ֮ں棬дһ֡
棬Ѱ΢һܶûκη֣аˣԷܶ㵽Ҫ֪˰ûκοصĵط
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ͷһž̽ͷȥΪͷ̫£žԲģΪ˭˭ôһé®
ܣé®ΧһƣҶ޷ǸһܽȥȻô룬ŻǽסǸȥ
ߵǰʱͻȻԭé®ΧһѼĽƾȻʧˡ
жʱǷһͷͷ·һ躮̹ɵˮͷһ˲䣬ŵȾȻһһˤڵϡ
ŷӦҲܿ죬˿̼æȶס񣬽Ųӿ죬ǰȥ־Ҫé®ľ
Ŵ˿ֻһͷΪǿСʲôͷҪȽԷնɱֻҪ˶Է꣬ôһͶˡ
һ˲䣬ɿһָѾץ˰ϡ
ͬʱ΢ҲĶʱ΢һ૵ɲ֮
˲䣬΢֮⣬һﶼƺֹͣתķͰڶı˰
Ȼɹˣ΢Լš
ڸղţľдһ֡
ֺܼ˵Σʱ̣̰ϵ䷨УȻԶӦķʩչɲ֮ӦΣա
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΢϶ʲôطԡ
ԼΪȻʵѾһĹɣϾǹɣʩչ֮
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˲ú壬ԼֻǴǸ˶ѡ
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Ũζһӿȴ˲Ϊ΢һš
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һ˵Ĺ켣
Ⱥɽ֮УʱҲɽжޣ˼֣˵΢˾ڷܻʮġҲ˴ԣȻף츳ɱޣ׹аҲɱʮ֮䣬ͬʮֻһˣʮʱżһϵϵ˵Ե½֮ϵ˵ԵڴˣƮȻȥ˿̣ѾԷݵأͨν֮Ϊɣңڣ޾
֮˻һʱ⣬ϵһ󼧣ǶգѷʤΪѣ۵ꡣ󼧽֮֮ѧ֮ȴ֮Աǡǧ֮ãɿٵ֮Եƾ񶦣ԳƾŶɡ
ֹǧ꣬Ŷɷض˿ϵ֮λɾ£һɾӮô֮ɳͳ硣


ھŰʮ ֤
Ŷһɳ٣볯λ֮꣬Ŷеɷ֮һɵ۵ǻ˽٣ɵ۵˺ѹھŶ磬ԾŶѹˡ
ȻŶ֪ѹֻѹһʱȴѱԷԶŶɼʶ뿪ɳһ̽Ѱ֮
̵ֻУգһ˿֮İҲմȾʴ֮֮ǰȴǴ󳹴
Ŷ䣬ֻشתΪӵܣһżȻ̤һ·ʮɾ͹֮ǰ֣Ŷ֮ǰѴ󳹴ҲָŶ֮Ϊѡ֮תΪˣȻԵɺϣһظһǧİꡣ
㣬ŶɵĹΪҲѾﵽ˱֮Ȼ޷ǾŶʱΪͨᲢۣҲǰԵޱȡ
΢˴ѾǾͷ΢оΪʵҲֻɲ֮ʹͷβ
ͷ·һ΢Լһ
˰é®ǾŶʱÿһ֤СסգѧϰԼһé®еĹȻٲϲоɡ
Ŷɳ֮⣬ñ˰Ƶǰƣˣκ˶Իǰ䡣
޹ʱ֤˹ΪɣҲԻǰ֮£ǹ֮ΪΪΪ˵ľͼʶ
˰ƵǰƻһЧǾΪ΢˿̹ΪѾǵ֤ٽ㣬˿̾Ȼֱ֤֮١
ҲգҲ֤ˡ΢ɫ̩ȻԴǰƣ΢ǰ֣ҲǱصȻ
һ̣΢֤ķ١
һķٵʱǻ֤Ժ΢֤ˣΪķ٣Щ﷭֮һѹһ䣬һչһ䡣ǰ漸Σ΢Ǿһھű䣬գһеؾָ΢Ѿǻɢ΢֮ǰһֶɢǺǰƣҲ벻ˡ
˿̣ķ٣΢ȴǺ޾ɫһۿҪ΢ȴǵһһָֻΪѨλϵȥרŵĴȻһ
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΢ǰƣ֪ԼǰȻǼʶ̫࣬΢һ룬֪֮ǰһЩ˼顣
Ϊοʩչڤˮˮ淨Ϊ֮ǰ׹ڤʱԵɺ֮ڤ֮
еؾָʧ٣΢֪ԼǶˣǵʱؾΪ޸ԼԼںϣ˲űסԼǹӴ
ϣ΢Ƿ˵ؾ̫̫ࡣ
΢֪λһ飬Ժûлỹˡֻ˵ûˣΪؾԼںϣһ仰˵ԼҲͺ͵ؾ졣
΢ٴҲͨ޸
ֶΣκһޣɽҲԲᡣ
Ȼ΢Ȼǰķգ΢ҲӦ֮ǲԣΪҪķɱܶɽ٣ʵϲô¡
Ҫȹű٣Ҫɱô򵥣Ҫںϵķ
һ֤
Ȿޱȣ΢֪ԼȻѡһ·ǾҪһ·ȥô˵΢ǾŶɣһ·϶ûнݾߣҪɾűɣںķ
˿̣ķѾ֣죬΢ֻӲƴⱾ³ˡҪȹ˽٣֤ùͬʱӦķĹҲͬʱӦķҪ㣬ֶ֮
һΪҪ΢ҪͨΪ˵õͨŶҲɷѿġ
ΪŶɷӡ֮ǰͶԷսӶԷһۡ
üۣ֮֮Ŷۣ֮һšۡ
ỵֻ́طʽ֮꣬ŶɵתͨŶɻһ飬ǽֲ֮Լ󳹴֮ҲͶԴ˵Ȼˣֻ֮أѾ¸Ժ󣬶ǼֻأȻҲûע⵽ۣ֮һҲֻء
΢һȴһ⡣
⣬΢֮ǰһʧܵľΪ˹٣ɹٱնԴ
ʱ΢ҪģɾȻûŹ΢꣬ɱĵ类һնȥ΢ض


ھŰʮ ű
Ϊˣһ˲䣬΢֮ͬװһΪŶɶ֪֮ʵһ֮Ǳǡõͨ
һľ֮۾ͻзͨʮʱ⣬ȻԽ˶κνѣҲ˻Ὣ֮ġ
Ҳ˵Ŷɺɵ۵ΧˣҺ޷նɱǽӡһɱ˶ԷһȫãǲѵĿʼ쾳ɵҲһ㻹֮ûС
ͬһ㡣
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ͨǶɹķٵĹؼ
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ֻϧķٲɲ֮ɽٷˡ
˿΢վŶɵļ䣬ʩչ䣬ʵԽǿϡ⸿ר΢Ѿޱȣ˲ɣǶһ͡
һС˿Ѿǳ΢ȴǺͣЪһֻͬʱʩչʩչ֮
Լ֮ǰһϣһ̣һѾ˵΢ϡ
ڶ֮Ҳؼ΢ʩչһ΢ӿӰǸѾ˵΢ϵǱУʼںϡ
΢Ҫ֤ҪþŶڶָ֮ǰ˱ɵΪ
Ȼ֤ڶ֮дյģԲκһʧܻ߳©һоͶǰ
΢ľѾͨǾ˿оֶΣǾȫһԣɹȻãʧҲ޷
ܶ飬΢ڶѾ͸ˣ͸ˣȻҲ˵Ȼ
һǿԽһжӵ£΢֪ڲ֮ǰټŮҲʩչ˵ΪŶʱڶ֮ΪټŮͨﵽ΢㣬ԲŻʧܡ
ȻѾ΢¯뻯ĵزҼǰԸľ飬˿΢ĸԽķκһסϢ
ȻϢʱ仹΢ںֻСʱһֻХһ΢ɱ
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Ѿǰֵ΢ȱľǾ飬ɹڸѹʱɣڵ΢ȴᡣ
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Իǵ͵µĺãο΢֪˼ΪΣգαޱȣҲǼҪŶɰʦйݴ񣬺Ŷģͽ˶ԷһЩԴɷ֮
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΢ٴ۾ոչɿռȥǸոպķĴսԻΧһС
̧ͷé®Ҳֻǿһ϶Կǳªİ֮ǰ΢ڣԼˡ


ھŰʮ ն
ɲ֮⣡΢˵һ̣һжָУé®ű͵ƿһɱĳ֡
Ȼ֪ڸոһɲǵзô飬˿̣ĶΪǿ΢ɱ
ſ֮ſ̩Ȼޱȵ΢ȴǸо
ȵĲ
Ҫ˵ʲôطԣһʱ֮䣬Ҳ˵Ǵ̶֣֮ʱȴЩˡ
ҲǺܾúܾˣ֮һȴǼлΣҲģޱȣĳҲǴ𡣲Ϊ֮飬Եһɾɳͳ磬ͷ֮λϽ̡
ѾǴλ˵λǵ֮ϣֻڵؾ֮¡ȻŲ㣬Ҫĸ࣬ԲŻᱳһͶȫҪ˵ֶͨΣҲúܣ⣬ĸ֪ҲǼǿ
ʱܲԾȻŲ̶˲䣬ղǸСӾʲô췭ظı仯Ǿò
ԥ֮ûж֣΢Ҳû֡
΢űϾǵһɾ׷ɣʱάתûйҲпͣŻͷǰͷϴ΢ҲΪʱ΢֣ǸһǵĻᡣ
ԸԸͷǰȫڶԷһ֮䡣
ȻŻǾֻԥƬ̣˾ϡͼɭɭһЦһץһצ
ķ
צ޸ָϣгָ߳צУޱȲ˵צץģɹ֣Ǳɡ
Բνͷ­䣬ڤӣԪ֮˵
˲䣬֮צ͵΢ǰλεָצϣƺҲųªı顣
һֺ΢һ䣬˲䣬űɵӿƺ΢¾һ֮ȪԴԴӿڤˮһ紵Ȼʱ佫ƾ޴֮צͣ¡
һĻɫ䣬ªޱȵϸ¶ļȾֵı飬һ̣뵽һˣΪҪ˵˭ܳɾ;ű֮壬Ҳֻλˡ
뵽žȻһͨһڵأŵĻ¡
΢ſǽֵ֮צᴵ˿ʱһɹֵµӿ֮צϣµ֮Ǵһ㸡һɾ䡣

һҽУŵԭŨȻɢһ룬֮צ˲֪£ѾΪһ壬˿̱΢һ罫ĴɢĨȥϵһӡǣǵͬڷһΪ
űɣ֮ͽŴԭΣû֮צѾٳ֮Ϊ
һ̣žͬ˼ëĹһ㣬ѾûӴ֮ǰɱ磬˿ǹڵϳ΢ͷ
һʱͿͺɽϹĲԣһᣬһŽġ
еĹ𣬱һŶ޳ɰ˱ʱĳνֻϧҲֻ֪֮ǿȴ֪ԭһŶĵҲѹ֣ƾŵĵλݣ֪
΢ҡͷ֪ԼǾŶɣҲһĹ΢һҪΪ˶ǻڵ˭Ǿ˭
ҲǹһɳƷ΢ţ㱳ɳ֪Σȴֹͣתֻش֪õ΢˵
˵Ȼµ㡣
ʱֹһεһƴܲܽ΢նɱֲңϾֶ֮ԷĨȥƺ涯ֻ֣·һ
ﻹһ㡣
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ȴ֪΢һֱڰй۲һ̣ͻȻԾ࣬Ҫӳé®ͬʱһҪȡɷһĶ֣쾳ɣҲӦԵѾǰ޳ɾűɵ΢
Ϊ´󼪣Ҫɹʱ΢ٴηɲ֮
Ҫ֪ɲ֮о뷶ΧģԽԽ󣬶ҲǷ˭ʵսǽ¼ģǵɲ֮ǿ϶סš
΢ȴԣֻ˿Ѿé®ոյɲ֮ǵŶɰ˱ת෨󷨣Կάãù֮Ͳã˿΢ֶʩչɲ֮ҲֻסƬ̡
Ƭ̣㹻ˡ
һ̣΢ͬһɳé®֮צͷն£նΡ


ھŰʮ һ
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ƯڿУ΢֮צ˫˲ڳʮӡһ۳һɫ˲佫ѾУһ̣ӿŵǱյž죬һͱһɫۣ͸
֮飬նұù£˭񣬶ɽŵҲ˿ء΢֮ǰɽþŶɵɶ֮ļ䣬ۺϹĵֻ֮ϵΪʩչ
˵΢֤ɹɣɹķ٣ѾǾűɣһӹɣԹΪۣ΢ԳΪһˡ
Ȼĸ󼧳һ˵
΢˰֮趯ʦһӣһűǰ
Ҫӱ˰ȥˣ͵֮֮ǾŶ΢ԾűɵΪȻҲǿʩչҸд⡣
̤ţ΢߻ض԰ȴ껹վԭһ΢굱ȻǴһ
ִˣأ
һ˵껹̽ͷ΢ȴƽŴɣڸģѾնɱ
˵꣬΢ɨһ۰꣬ͻȻѪӦ֧䵽ⲽأ
ӸղžͲϴ΢ȻҲ΢֮ǰͬȻòûб仯ȴǼȻͬ
˿΢ǰȻоһִٺͲڡ
΢˵նţôܣſƹ̣µؾ֮ҪնɱҲɳǲ쾳Ľɣ붯һë
˵ո΢ʩչļƼ󣬾ȻԵˮڤӣʵҲԵв
԰ѹš
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΢һЦ˵Ǿˡ
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µûκΰԵüͷһ壬ʵִˣȥģ
Ⱦˣɱɽ֮΢˵ʵϻһҪǾȥؾǸٵĵؾ鶪΢а˳ɰգԽǼðؾ壬ĵؾ鸴
ɾ;ű֮΢Ѿ֪ǵؾָѾԼΪһ壬Ҳ˵ؾ˿ҲԼڣ飬ͬǲܳɢģһ˾ǿ˰ٱԵؾȻܲȴûȫʧһ˿˯Լڣʱ΢ɽһȡһͬԽؾ鸴ա
΢Կ϶ԼôǺɽ֮ȻңȻˣȽɽ֮նɱʡ鷳̣ʱ΢ȻзµƶתȻ𾯾Եôӳ飬ѾͣôãҲһʱ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ҪǾˡ
Ѿ˺ܳʱ䣬Ҳ֪ԨˣɺͼλǵޣǵȻҪȾȳġ΢ļƻҲҪ֡
΢ⷬĻǱ굱˴ţڰ˻ԣնɱɽ֮ҲǺɽ棬ǳ˵Σ˵ִ˰ִˣΪԼնɱ˱ɣ
Ϊ֮ǰ΢Ĵֻ̼ǰԼ뿪еĽᣬʱѾǾΪԼΪԼʣ̤һҪڤˮϰڶɣҲҪԼЩʣ޼˺Լһӣ԰ҪԼ

һ·ǱһɳͶȫ֪ⲢգҰҲмǱߣȻһ·Э΢ˣȨ
Ȼһ·Գ£Ҳܺùͷڹ꣬Σܵԣһ
԰꿼Ǻ֮׷΢ִˣһȥ
⵹΢Щ㵣ΪĸߣһɻĶ֣Ȼǿ԰æ뵽΢˵ͷȻ̧һӣų֣һ᰽꣬ţֻƬ̣Ѿ˶֮ǰԨ˵Ĳ֮
˵ط΢üͷһ壬ԼµĽѾƿȻԨҲˡ
˿΢ѾȣĿӦűɵ˲˵綼΢֮¡


ھŰʮ 
΢һɨ֪ô£Ԩ˰еĹ޶ɽ֮ϣѾͶС
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΢ԥٴʩչ֮һץûعİ꣬ٴţš
һ̣΢ץŰѾǵ˺ɽ֮ϡ
ʵϴӵһα΢ʱ򣬰оȻ΢Ķ쵽£㲻
ð˵ˡ
յʲôûֻһ£ǾǾԲ΢ַǸŹֵš
ֻ뷨Ǻãȵ΢ڶץʱ򣬰걯ķ֣Լɶ㲻
ͬһֻС˵ܶһͬ׺䶥΢˵ֻ˵ҲֻǱǿһЩҪ˵Сһץǲܵ顣
ڲܵ飬ͷǰͷԼϡ
ѣ΢ִһɺ֮еķһ¶ͬʯ󺣣һ㲨ûײ
ֻ˵һ£΢ΪѾ̫ࡣ
ͬʱںɽһɫɽȵУǸΧʮһĸֿ
ųֵʱȻǾЩɸ֣΢֣ЩɸΧ
һΪߣǵɵΪ˿üʵǺˣ
û֣ԭܼ򵥣΢֮ģɼȫҲͬɽǳʵ
Ȼϵ֮ȴӦúйأû̶֡
΢˵һץͽֱһϹŹ
ǹĸƵĶ΢˿Ҳ˿˵ƻƻ
һǽʮɽŵĻɢ˾Ȼһ˵ͻ˴ǾٴҲ֪ǵзѡ
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΢ʶĹҲˣʣǱˡ
ִСģ꿴ʮɽѾɱǳѣδ䣬һĻ˲ŵĳˡ
ͼ΢½ͻȻӿۿɼȪ˲ӣֻεģ΢µĹȪС
˿΢Ư𣬽ͬһ޾ڶɢ֮
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İݼˣ
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ĽҲǼæݵȴΪ΢һ޳ɰ˱֮λȻ֪֪Щ˵УͰλǵޣҲǼĺĽǵˣʱǼõָ㣬һЩҪҪð֮ϣҲǵõ˹Դ̡


ھŰʮ 󼧽ѵ
ĺĽǵĶǵĻ˾ǷӦҲ֪ʲô潪Ϊ֮ͨҲǺͼһݵ
ɾͲ⼸ˣǵУ֪ţȻ΢ǰÿһһ֣ееĵ͵ܶ˲֪Ҳ
΢Źİ˿Ŀɿڴ⼸ĳǵޣȻ΢˹ټĹ֮һ˲뵽֮ǰ΢ڱ˰³Σ΢˵նɱʱ겻ţڣˡ
ͳ΢ոջ֮ɱʮɽɾͿԿ֮
ԶһЩĵطԨֵ˸ǱǰһĻ𺳵Ĳ֪룬ǣ󲿷Ҵٹ޶һ
˿̾ͼ΢̧һӣһ˶漴ɫλޣǹȥ΢ɳɵټŮ֮֮Σ
˵꣬΢У̧ͷһλˣҽ֮նɱٺָת
䣬ٵϯͼٺɽѾǽΧΧסͷһˣǺɽ档
ɽǰ˱ɣ˿һѹӿ֣ͬʱ۾һɨϴƬɿݵǱŭ
˭ȻһҴ
һǣͬը죬죬˲ºͼĵҲЩԲԱ΢һȪܣȻɽɽ⡣
ʱ򣬺ɽǸҲ֣ȥ΢ٺɽɣɽ棬ɫ䣬ɫ̩Ȼֱ΢ݺʵļĵˣǺ޾ɫֻúãóᱨѩޡ
ɽ֮ҲƣһٵģΣ΢ڳĳԼ֮⣬Ҳɽ֮Ķ֣һ˲䵽˿С
ɽ˿ҲǸ֪龭ȴɫŹ֣ȻЩоȻĸ֡
Ǻˣұ񣿡΢ɽ֮úɽŭޱȣ˵ԷûнԼ˲Ѿɱ
΢һЦǰӣڶ޵⣬ųǹ׷ɱңɽ֮Īˣ
ϣɽһ㶣Ȼ𣬲ԷǱӴڤˮУһӦǱɲŶԣʲô˷ǵûȻ
˭ұ㣬ˣһɳƷ΢ɵ֮ȡ㹷΢ֵɽ֮ҲǹеǿߣںɽңڣӦþ֮ȴΪŰ󼧱˽ģ
һ֮ɽɫ䣬һ˿֮ɫµ֪ʦ䣿㡭㾿˭
΢һЦɽ֮ԼˣֻʱԾͽһЩĴӲͽģܳΪʦ𣿾ǺɽһֻȴԺŹ棬Ҳ䣿죬ұ󼧽ѵ㣬Ϊն𡣡
ƾ㣿ɽȻһ㾪֣ȴҲоԵţҪ֪Ѿǰ˱ɣǼΪԸΪǵһˣԷһ쾳ɣǺ쾳Լ˵ЩɽһЩѹԷҲֻһ
Ȼֻ߹һ;ڹϣɽ˵ʮ㣬ѾԳĹĸ󼧣ȻҲԼųƹ棬Ϊ϶Լǵ֮Ĺһˡ
ºɽ潫еһ˿ǿѹȥԷҲǿԼ
뵽ɽȻԥһȻ֣ͼŻ󿪣һ֮ڣðǧֱ֣飬һץ΢
ЩִСһÿһƼ󣬼Ҫ񷶼ռݣڶٹ¾ԶԸоֲѹ
ֹǱ˵û˵֡
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ţ
һ΢˫ֺʮ·˫֮޴ٿԶɽǴ󿪵ĹţȻǷ֨֨Ĺ룬ںɽ澪㵱֮£Ȼرա
һأǰצȻҲ伣ټȫޡ
ɽо֣벻Ȼ˿ƵԼаȴʩչһС
ͼһȡһƤڴץһѶǰ˿ڻһ̣һѶȻǻٹӣͬһΧɱ΢


ھŰʮ Ű
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һУǽҲɱ
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΢ҲϵͬǹĸټΪͰԵĹÿһӣҪһ޵Ϊ¯Բ˵𣬶˵ԵЩÿһ˲תΪʩߣ˵˷ʤ
ܶ¶޷ʹãɲ֮ȻͬһʱӰĿ겻̫ܳ࣬΢ԸſãϾͲˡȪ̻֮ЩӵҲ󣬸˵滹кɽ滢ҪƵԷ򵥵ľղ׼Էš
˵û㣬ɽԵһͬĸ֣ڲ֮أϧǣ΢ΪҪߡ
һ㹻ˡ
ӡᣬ֡
ͬһĹ΢ֻǺһţеĹӾͶһա
΢ûж㣬Щȴǹһôȥ·˺Զһ㡣
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΢ʲôôҲ
֮ɽҲֻ֪⴩κεطȴ֪õսСΪζԷվţԼĹΪ
ߣֻ۷ѣС֮ɽȻԣȴǲΪȻͷһ˲ֻһǰһ󣬼л΢ں΢Ӱص˲䣬ͻȻ
䣬䡣
죬ʮɵľ޴ɫų֣һƬڣ޴ΧĹɶˡ
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ΪֻԱ̫ͻȻκһֶ㲻ҲûӶ㣬˲ͽɷΧ֮ȫֽȥΧڵһжȻ޴棬˶΢Χ֮ڡ
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鷳ˡ
Ԩ֣˶ͷһ¶ɫԵǼĺͽµޡ
Ǽûһ㵣֮ɫ෴ϻ¶˳һЦݡ
ԣ뽪ºܽС޴ˣǷҪȥִˣ
¾ȻЦˣŤͷ̫Сƹˣһ֤ɹɣѾ޳ɾű֮ɽ֮ʹˣŶ΢ˣ΢˵Ķ֡
˵󣬽Ҳո΢˵ǹ𣬹Ѿǹȥһ˭ǣ΢
ɣװ򼴱ǾԶĹǸоʹ֪һ˿ףλɶɢ
΢΢һЦҲҪ˵ģҲУͬ˵ǿף׵жɱһף˵򣬾ԼϣҲʮ
ԹҲ΢ġ
˱֮ʱжǿۼģɾ;ű֮ɽ档
ޣƨɽ棬ͬ΢˵ģֻǺɽһֻѣ΢ǹƨǡ
߽¼ʮȣɽһҲʮ㡣
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˵ףֻҪģµŵСϵùĹɣûһµġ˿öըȥǸװƵļһԷȻʬ޴档
ٺɽѾɭɭЦ׼氢ķһˡ
ɽҲЦԷɡ
ö׵Ϣʱ֮ǰɷΧ֮ڵһжѾҷ
ֻǵȵ̳Ҫɢʱ׵ģȴһӰ
ӰȻ΢˿ƯڿУ̤ţ֮ͬǰһģһȻһָû
ɽڶʱɵۡ


ھŰʮһ 
ɽҲͫһţոףȻԷ½Ǿû˵ôܣ
£ɽҲ뵽һֿܣĪǣǽǰȴԶߡ
ٻЩʶ΢΢΢һЦ̤ţǾǰȴԶߣ˵ףٵǧ˵ң
ɽɫѿҪʩչ΢һѾ˲䵽˺ɽ󡣺ȻǴһæŤͷȴǲһȻѾ΢ֿס˲ӡ
һ˲䣬ɽһҲΪ˿壬˿Ѿǻ亹ˡ
ԷȻ˲䵽Լôܣ
Ҫ֪Լ˱ǳһռ䷨Ҳ˵ȻҲǧ֮⣬õǿռͶĵ
һһĹЧġ
Һɽ滹ԼıΪ֣ڲͬطһһЩԵޱȵҲЧúɽĵط˿̣Щ˲Ǳķ顣
ԷȻץסԼ˵ʲô
˵Է˲佫ԼץסˣһԼ
㡭㾿˭ɽһĻˣˣһʼʱʮ㣬ûнԷһ£ǶԷԼĴٵɽҲöԷΡ
·ԷȻƵԼĹɱɽɾԼռϷ磬ռƣɾԼȻʤһ
Ϊǹ˱ɣΪ޳ɰ˱ɣνǸ̫ۣھűɣǲޣǲҡ
űҪĽ̫󣬶һʧܣ֮ǰл۶֮һ棬Ҫǣɽ֪˱ѾǼޣű䣬ֻһǾʧܣɢ
統УǹУʤɽģֻһˣǾǹĸ󼧣֮⣬ɽʵ벻˭Ȼ˭ڹѹģΪȻǴﵽű֮
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˿΢ֿźɽĲӣѾǳ׽ѹסԷʻ΢ղž͸ˣû壬˵һΣһɳˣ΢
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ѡ
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ꡣ
ɽϵԽԽ࣬ҲǴһʼ׺ݣھʧ룬Ȼ¶־壬ġ
΢ǰȻ޳ɾűɣȻҵǰҺɽ֮ĺ󱲣֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽеǸǰһ˳ǺȫĴ֮Ӵٲ붫һɽʱޱȣ˲֪£֪˶ٿ࣬˶޳ɰ˱ɡһΪ᲻öҲá
Ϊ˱ɽ˵ģǿͷеҲԸ⡣
΢ҡͷ磬ֻ̫֮أΪЩ飬ƨɾߣôףˣ¡
˵ָ꣬һһɳӺɽðǱİ˱֮ȻɽѾЩƲסˡ
ѣзԱôȥɡ
ʱɽ֪¹ٲκΰֻһ£ֻҪܱסһС
ֻҪţзӶɽ𣬵ˣʲôûˡ
ǰǰղ˵ʦ󼧽ѵңѵĶԣ϶ʦǾʶʦϣһΡɽٴΰҲ΢ץ̾ͻ¿ϼٸͷ
ᵽ󼧣΢üͷһ壬ָҲûм
˵󼧣΢ǰҲǾŶɵʱҲǽĪ棬ǲʶ¹ԼǼֻأҲ֪󼧾ڣֻǺԼһҲֻء
΢֪ǹĸ֮棬Ǳ¾ԱȾŶֻǿ϶ҲֻشУ΢ָо϶
ɽ֮Ȼ󼧵ĵӣվǽ̹кô˺ɽ֮´󼧣ñ䡣
΢΢ôһɣɽͿΨһĻᣬڹĸϣ֪ԲвԷֻƾŽöԷ顣
Ψһķӡ


ھŰʮ ͷ̨
ɽ治ϰ΢ȻܿԷ뷨Ҫ󼧵Ĺϵӹһ١
Ȼϣɽô΢ĴҲжˡ
ɽΪѾ޿ˡǷ磬ֻشϣԼɳ˵ɽȻǽŵĹ޺ͲٶѾ
΢ôҲ޷Щٽ
ִˣɱﲻˡ
ִˣǧҪһǧӣǱɱİ
ʱٹ޶̲ס
ɽɫѿǲģ΢Ѿ㣬ɽȻǰ˱ɣ˵ټĹ֣ɱ˿ϧԷΪֲòɱ΢Ĺﶼնˣ˵һɽ档Ǳߣ䣬װͿá
뵽΢ճֻһʩչһ
ͼͻȻһնͷ̨֣նͷ̨ɸߣͨɫȴּΪӣմŲѪбȻȥ⼣߰ߣȴǷޱȣе棬һ־˷
ʲôڳĹ޾󲿷ֶϵֻɺ˹Ĺɿͷ̨ݾ㵣һš
ǡĽǾȻǱͷ̨ĺһҪ֪ɣһܽŵһ
˿̣ͷ̨ȻŵĺһǺõģ˹ĹɸǲãеıеľȻһֱ̱ڵϡ
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ǰ˱ɣʱͷ̨ҲǺ޷֮
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΢ûнɽնɱֻǽԷΪնϣȻǾ޴Ķͷ̨ͻصֻػþ
Ҳ΢һĹ˵統Уֻ΢ʩչЫʺһݡ
ɽ˱Ϊȫն䣬˿̾һͨĹޣ֮嶼ά֣ȻûлɢĽѾע
λնɽ˱ֻ֮δãǡ΢ͬƲڴһĺɽȺһѾעλհ˱ɱҵˡ
ɽ˿˫Ŀʧ񣬶ʧ˱ɵ˵ֱɱܣ˾ǣԷȻûŹԼ
֪һɱ˿ģϾⲻ˽˶ԹԺɽҲ֪Լڽӡ
һϣûеʱ򣬺ɽҲ˲ޱȣԹͷߺޡ
΢Ұܸ㣬Ҽˣűɵô󰡣ΣǾűɣҲĶ֣Ҳȫɵ۵Ķ֣һעҪһ֮磬³ҲǺһɱң͵ǳ׺ȫΪУƻļƻҲԲŹ㣬ưɡɽ֪ԼˣԳŻ˵
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ھŰʮ ɽ
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ܲԵЧ
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˲ʱ䣬ûɽУ˺ɽڲ΢ӡ仯˲俪ⲿֻ¡һ졣
Ĺڶ֪ʲôǽ棬΢űɵΪҲֻάƬֻ̣Ƭ̾Ѿ㹻
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һĻкɽڶǲţҲ֪˭һͨһڵϣͼڶɽڶ˫Ŀʧͬʬһ㡣ɽǲɺĴڣǰˣɽҲû˾
˿̣ͬʥصĺɽȻǾűɺ飬ֱִǻһ㡣


ھŰʮ ֮
ЩɽڵķӦǱǰһĻĳױˣٿڶ٣˿ǻȸԾʿ硣
΢ĿĴﵽˣԴ֮ʼ˵һһֱǳƣȫѹƣȻ˵ﶼһɻ
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ûһ㱣գ֮
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жᣬո˵粻˳٣˽ȻȻѾǴңһָֻشתЩֻ΢֪²˳٣˵ؾͣ㣬ʩչ˲ص


ھŰʮ ת
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ȻҪת̣ǹͿԣ̴ֻ֮дҪתкֻشĹһ˵תֻشǽ֮壬ǿת̣³飬ǳֻش³
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Ϣһʮʮ٣ܿ˶֪ˡ
ʮ˻ǱߣλǵѾȥǸΣѾͳһگѸ¡


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ΣǴ¼ʮ˻ͱŪĽͷö˿Σǵһ˿
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΢΢һЦͻȻ뵽ʲô̵ߣ粻Ǳôģ
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˿ǣүǰǰȻҲһĴ
Ϣų紫ȥܣܣܣ˽ܡ
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ȫֻʩչһɱ壬ͱƵһɳǱǰ滹õرȫȫ֣ԷȴԼҺԺȻһ಻ԣʿ䡣
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ϢĶĶ˶Ǿޱȣħ˾ԺУʥԺУ֪Ŵ˶˺ʥ
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΢ԺĵλֱƵһ
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ʱ˲оű⾪лعȻϢ̫ʱˣΣֻشָת˵ǽȼü֮Ҫǣһߣһλűɡ
ںȫĲĵУһɡ
ɵ֮λϣϢҲǰѹס飬ԱĸɺγһˣĸݼõһЩʾ˿΢Ծűɵƺɨ磬ԭЩ֪Ҳ˲٣ǸоĹǡ


ھŰʮ ӭ
벻Ŷʧһǧٶ꣬ű֮һǧٶ꾭ֻأÿһζɹɣҲˣĸɴ˿һ˿ԳְԵûоѾŶɵļ䣿ϣܾѣһΣҲֻпΪʤ
ɵλϵʱҲһĸɣԷ΢΢ͷǰѹס飬ɫ˷˴󹦣ΪһΣָֻشת˵ȹӦѸ磬ݣ볤λͷһˣȥӭ鳯
Ȼǵ΢İȫֻԼΪ⣬뿪죬òҪ뿪⣬Ծֻȥӭ΢
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ȻԼһ쾳ȥӭһűɣԷĹλҲ˶ѡ
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һΣɲ𣬷㰽ȥӭ΢˳Ӧõĺܡ
Ŷɿûչɽ壬㰽֪΢˭֮Ǳ˭Ҫ
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۶ⳤΪصģҪ֪֮Գ֮ΪȴΪھУߵǼҳƽͣҲǿʤͰ۵ĹϵҲ൱ġ
֣в⣬΢˷һ磬ɳ˴ΧǴйȻй֮ȥӭһҲûʲôȻô˵Ȼﲢô롣
Ļῴ۵뷨ȴɫϵܣҲ֪ڴΣһǱɣ飬ȫһɱﵣԵǰ£ǵʤ㶼ֻҪʧأ˽ңʱȫɳԼˣʵϣɽﲻ˺ɹѾж˵ΣҲΪΣȻ΢⣬Ǿűɣ꣬ҲԺƽƽĹˣȻ޵ǹɵûʲôϵҿóͷ΢ǵھֻأ󹦣˵ǣɵӭҲֻټɵΪûлָ쾳һ뿪죬ȻᱻѻԲҶȥӭӣɵӭɳʲôӵģ
һҲ̾Ϣ֣β֪еĵ΢Ȼ˴󹦣ȴǴɳͨ˽緢گԽȨҿЩԴˣңȻʱͨɳȴΪβԼ֪ΣȴƫƫҪ׶˵ܲôһһ磬ҲƽΣգһҲпܰ·Ҷ˽ɱʱǵòʧ
һҲǵ˵ͷ֪ȻҪӣò˵⻰е
˵ʵ΢ⷬٶҲЩ⡣
Ȼ꣬ӦûŶԣΪλ
Խɳͨ˽飬ں꿴ǿ⣬Ͼ˽Ϊֹֻ֮ͣѾҵУһ㽫Ϣݵ˽磬˽һƽûġ
֮΢ⷬٶȷвʣΣü΢λűɲ֪


ھŰʮ ڵң
ϵܣ˵Ҳûȥȥ΢ʲô˼ҰȫģҪɱҺ꣬ҺҲܽش˵ʱɫɱúŵһִ˶һ
ݴ򿪣Ҫµ磬õţͨͨ硣
ǵţȴԶԶɽսıԵȻһɵͤһˡ
밽ɫһ䣬۽Ȼһ㣬ȻԿͤͨʱɵģɲһġ
ȻӦͤŵΪ⣬ΪλŵɱΪβȥ
оЩԾϸͤŵˣͰ뿴֮һ㶡
ͤģɲ΢
΢ô
Ǻ껹ǰ붼ЩףǱΪ΢磬ټŮ۲Ųǲȥӭλ󹦳˭뵽΢Ȼǲܵ⣬ͤȻԵãʵ˰˼⡣
ϵܣҿ΢ڵ˰ʱ򿴳һߣ˵һ԰иǲãɫЩѿĪ֪Լ˴󹦣ԸԻƫƫҪ׶ȥɣ
һǿЦΪڿӣܡʱҲǰҡͷ˵΢ʵЩˣڲǰ׶ʱйҲܾӹ԰
Ǵǣƽʱӻʮº͵ģȻЩףҲʲô˵飬˵΢ȻȰۻҪע棬Ǿ͸ųΣ
Ťͷһ۹Ȼһǿ־ӹ԰Ϊ
ϵܣϾ˴󹦣Ҹո޳ɾű֮һЩҲλȥټŮۻὫ٣˵ֻλҲпܵġ˵꣬۾Щըˡ
жĵ֮λΨһпܿȱľ;Ŷĵ֮λĪǣ;ŶĵҲ䣿ŭ
һ֪Լ˵ˣȷ컹ǾŶ죬Ƕܱ˶档
ԭܼ򵥣Ͳ˵ˣɵ۵λãɵ۲ڣɣҲøˣ˴ﵽɵǰ߶ȣұ֤ʵɵ䣬λԶñ˶档
ֻоŶ죬⡣
Ҫ֪Ŷʧٵʱɵ۶ڣǱɵ۶Ҫʧٶ꣬ɵۣҲδ˵Ŷ
ԭܼ򵥣Ŷ˵ǵһɾ⣬һɾǵһһɵۣɳһĴʼߣϾһӣԷĵ˭һ
ңŶҲɳеĴ棬ֻ֪ɵۣͰλãǿŶһ㶼ɵ۲
˵ڵľУĸûܹŶָ㣿
԰ΪǶɽ統һʼʹڵȺݣǷжھŶǰҲǱϹϾȻͬΪͥϣɵۣ˸ŶԣⲻΪ£Ϊء
˵Ҫ΢Ŷλӣ˵ۣǺҲͬġ
ҲΪˣ֪Լ֮ǰ˵ˡ
¹ңټɵȻ֪Ӧòµĵ߰ɣȥ΢˵ʲôʱ˵
λǰۣǾŸִȻǲҿҲ˵Ͼλ˵ǵĶͷ˾Ϊﵽűɵ
˿ҲޱȣλҪǰҲֻøš
ʱԶͻȻһţϣһ£ˡ
˷棬ޱȣȴֻǿһۣͰľæֹ
𣡡˾һǴµˣȻȫ
ͰٴУ󣬾ŴִҲɫ䣬ȡ
ٿͤе΢ɫȻƺﲢûио⣬ҲȻԵãóüлһ˿ŭɱ⡣
ͼһĿⶼûԶͰ۵ͣƬ̣ȻЩˣֻǿͤе΢Ȼͤ
ˣܾˣ΢΢ʾһλ
棬ȷһ
ͷһ¶֮ɫ۾΢΢һУȤר̵ң


ھŰʮ ͤ
ֿһͤǸƻľűɣһ˵ԷķӦԼԤЩƫ
飬һֱڹעϾƻмΪҪһô֮һ޴ѹȻԺŻ𣬸ֻشöңǱ߽һڶӪĸ
Ҫ֪˭ȫҪӮô֮ףҪƿضݣȴǺѡ
һɵڶѾǸٹֻ̣Ѫȷһϴܽ𣬵£ȫϾƿضһϴҪƽϢ飬ûм붼롣
ûǧ¡
ԸޱȣΪûбҪĽӣǾǴӡߡɡߡһԼܲö۶Ϳ̿ôϵ˺ɣһѡӵȫ
Ŀġ
ɴ˿ɼ൱⣬Ϊ˵ؾ飬ͨţɽ˱Խƿأȴû뵽Ȼǹһ
õϢ̷֮ų̽Ӵ̽ղ֮ŷųʶѰ΢΢Ҳûй⣬ųűɵϢ
ԣ΢ڵɳͰλڵ
ļƻ΢ҲԼļƻԼȻűɵƣ鷳Ҫ֮ʤȴǺѡ
һ𣬾ͼѶԸ΢ǵŶɵתܴڸԷ֮һĸ֣˵ɵ۹ֻԼָŶʢʱڵΪ˶Ķ֡
ӲӲһԷ
ֻȡ
˵΢⼸һǣ˵ںټһ壬΢͵뷽跨֮鷳
²һֱˣһƿأ߳ŭǿ
ʱһذܡ
ԼҲһ
΢𣬾ҪԼķӣӴ֮ӻʱ䣬һʱ仺壬΢ʱԼΪϾǱȲɵģԼűѾǹ£ԱԣҪӮûпܣֻԼɵΪȥﵽŶɵĳ̶ȣܳ׽鷳
᲻Լģ΢ԼţϾΪ
˵΢˵һ䣬̧һӣһӿȻǾƳ壬ǰϣһ֡
΢׼ԸǱˣһп϶Уˣ΢˽Է·ġ
Էϲκһ涼ʤǲǴ˿̣Է쾳𣬴ֱӶ֣ɱһУȴϲȴƣѹԷľһٶ֣Žʤ
һ׷ˡ
ãԸһЦƵϣȻսȫɱȫҲƴλҲѾ׼ֻҪһ£һɳ̻ҷǾűɣҲֻ·һ
δأ΢˿ûбԷŵ̵ָָΣ֡
üͷһ壬ԷȻ˲·ƣѵ治Լ֣
һűɣǿΣɱȲɵ΢ţ
˲䣬ΧĿһụ̈Զĺ밽ۣҲǱһ壬ľ
룬Ѿ֮ͤ˵ĶԻ
ǺͰۣҲû뵽ͻȻ΢ĶԻǲ֪֮ǰĶôף΢ǵǣڵȫǿС
һͤЦ
Ǻεǣ
һǺ껹ǰ۶̾磬΢˲۷
ǣ˶µҪ΢ȴǻȻȻͤң۾Ȼʮּ
ȷ̾磬΢Ҫʲôģһ˵
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪鲻ǿЦģŤͷž˵˵֪ͨɱӪɱԮţһŪãҪȫ濪սˡ
Ϣ̱˻ȥȻȻ󲨡
ɹ٣⻰üͷһ壬΢ЩˣǾűɣҲûʸģȻҪ̸Уƾʲô
ȻǸо𾪺Ͳ˼飬΢˭֪Ǻ쾳֣ȸ֣ԲͿܻᱻԷɱ΢ǾűɣҲܵеù
ôĵӣ


ھŰʮ 
̶ʱ֮ڣ΢ֺΪһκ䶯ɳ
ڣɳ߲Ϣ֮Ҳ΢΢һ㶣˿췣˾ٷһӡ
д΢Ҫʲôôֵõ棿֪֪һˣˣɳʧһűɣһǰսɲǶϷȻżˣΪ΢˿ŵģɲ쾳ĽɣȫĶ𣬺쾳֡
˵΢Щ쾳ɶ
ĵһԣֻΪһһŲܣ΢ӡģû뵽Է˴֣Ȼ
ϢҲǾĴλɫĸ״æǰ¡
ͷ˵ԼµĵǲͬĸϢȴ۾һǿԿ϶΢˾Ŷɵļ䣬Ҳֻͣ΢ȥ
΢Ը˽⣬ǺܽģµȻΣǷǵƣ΢ȻǾ˵аա
ʲô΢׼ֵĸӦòԾűɵΪԾŶɵǰ䡣
ΨһĽ͡
Ȼĸ൱ˣŶϹŴɣɵ۶ԾŶҲǹмӣ΢ѾŶɵǰ䣬һ˵ֻкô
뵽ĸ¶˵˾仰һ㶣Ȼɻ󣬵ǰĸ˵ģɵ´ɳɱᣬڵȺּ⡣
֮⣬ĵĸλ쾳ǰŲӦȻȫ˿̰һҲԲʾ
һڣֻºͰ˾λ쾳
ɵҲҶ˵հ졣Ƭ֮䣬ǷǳţɹԸܵһɱ֮һҲǽŵĲˡ
⣬ͤС
ɱڣȴûж֣һ̣ӣ˵һ
ãȤȤͿССɴʲô⡣ҲǱ΢ֵŪЩɹ˵ԷȻ̣ȻθԼ
ȻԵõ壿
ȻССĹɶ£ԼȫǲӦս³ˣȻԷҪ棬Լ棬ʤֻԼȫ
΢ܿͶ壬˾Ȼɱ˶ΪҲǿ磬ܿ죬µ·һֽŵС
Ȼ΢նΪ߳壬Ҳǿ̽ԷľֶΣΪ΢ֻӣ壬Ȼٳ˵ԷֻװӣԼɱ֣Էɱȴ
΢·ΪȽÿһޱȣеǲŲæЩɻ
ȶԾ
ʱϣռƣ΢ߴƣǴ˿̵Ľǻ˺ܶ࣬൱ޱȣȻѾʱ
˿һ壬΢˼ãӣȻˡ
üͷһ壬֪⣬ʱͻȻյдһˣųɫ뷢ȫ֮һĳ͡
ͼɫΪѿɭɭɱͤ
һƣ΢󣬳Ҳǿ첽ϣҲߵ΢󣬶Էһ쾳ɣҲһҪ֣Ҳһս֮
ٿ¶ɻ󣬳˵˼仰˲ʱ䣬ɫһ䣬ȻǲȻŭ
һȻȥȫͳݸʩչ׹֮ȫ֮ˣֲɱȻĳڶֹ΢ȴƵʡ
һ̣Ҫ֣һ˶ͷһʲôҪ֣
˭û׼
ָƣѾȻҪһɱ΢
ǧһ֮ʣ΢ͻȻֻȫһͳ֮أͲһνеôʱ㶼ûκγ
һ߶һָͣ£ͼ¶֮ɫ۶ǰ΢
΢ҲͻȻǴŭһһ㳤ˣȻһָָңĪˣ˭һָ
һȳ⡣
ûǺȳ⣬΢Ȼںȳ𡣿һĻĿɿڴ΢𶷷ɱǶʲô⣬һ½΢űɱǶùŹ֣˿̣΢ȻںȳǾ˾𾪺;ˣ𾪺;㵵ǣȻǲˣûнһָȥǱǻҪ𾪡


ھŰʮһ Ӯһ
ϾȫڶΪݾ֮ǻع´΢ۣȻʱѾ΢Ǵ˿̣ĸϸ
֪յˣֻˣһȫɵۣһǾŶɣһָǾŶɣֻһ䣬¿ǾŶֻת֮ˡʱɫʵ
΢ЦЦûش̵ָָֻղֽţƣ˿̱˼壬Ѿǰ˲٣ٲ뷨ӣһ֣ˡ
󣬳Ѿȡʱսһ͵ˣ˿̣Ȼ˼һ£Ȼ˲ŵı£Ƶϣʼ塣
ǿһĻˣǸо˼顣
Ҫ֪ոѾҪˣ΢ǰǳ֮󣬷ǵûж֣ϢˣֱͷԣҲ
ʲô飿
ֿ֮ĵ΢Ȼ󻺻Ҳһ
һԱĳͻȻûз
Ŷʧ٣ұս磬ûҵŶ벻ŶȻѾֻأһǧɾűɡһӣ˵
΢Ҳһӣǰǰǽ΢ɡ֮ǰĺɽ֮ѱɱűֻشҲؾҲǻָһ֣ˡΪ£֪ǣ޹֮ˣ˽ңҵǵĵ̣ٻţһЩӣҲֻǱȥˣ˭ҲǷ˭
΢ĻȻӵ΢΢ͣһ£Ȼӡ
ҲãҲ׷ҽ΢Ҳжģûô΢ǴϢģͶ䣿
΢ҡͷ˵ǿϼѣҳѧ㵹̫⣬δ֮ȻѾʼǾͰչ֮䣬;Ȼ裬ҲȰ䣬ϢģǾӦҲвʣǱ㲻ǴһģһӮˣ֮ʮ꣬ӮˣһδҲ棬Ӯһ壬𣿡
һЦڣȫռݾƣΪʲôҪģ
΢ûЦֻǵȻûǿģ㵱Ȼѡ񲻺Ҷġ
һ£ҲЦˡ
ڿǣʱֳޱȣֱš
ã꣬ӮˣǴ֮ͬӺ󣬵ֻ꣬ӮˣԶ߸߷ɣܸδ֮
á΢ľ֣Ҳ΢˿Ҳ֪ʮԷ϶Ӧʱ΢ԤҲ͡
ⷬΧ۵һľͲš
΢Ȼں̸̸֮𾪡
΢ֻǾűô򵥣ǰȻǾŶɡ
ȫһԾŶɵĴǶ׹һŶǾ֮һŶ쾳ΪǵǺˣҲܹŶɵָ㡣
Իһʼ˻ɣܿ죬⻳ɾͻΪУܼ򵥣ɲǱ΢ǰǾŶɵ飬м٣
Լ˲䣬ͱˡ
ԭΪ΢ԽȨͷԷȵˣ˿ѾȫôˣǾŶɣȻʸЩ顣Ŷɶûʸ˭ʸ
˿ûپκβף쾭壬˳̫飬ϾǿǾŶɡ
ֻǾŶһ֣һɳϢ˳ȥܿ죬˲֪ܣԭѹ֣˿̣ΪһŶɵ֣ѹֵһɨա
Ŷɵֻڴţƺһ֣ͽһҵľ泹סˡ
ͤ棬ҲǼָҪ֪ԾŶҲǼΪģҵŶɶҲжģ˿֪΢ȻǾŶɵתȻ鸴ӣζӳ£ȻҪһЩ
ֲ΢ƽ磬ǾŶɣҪ¼ֱͳԷˮһףֲԺǳϣѵģҲֻоŶɡ
һ΢µǽһϸСģϾѾ˶ԼӮһϡ
һСģɽɲҪʧֵ䣬塣ʱ𿴵΢ҪӣͻȻ˵


ھŰʮ ɱķ
΢֪ƾŶɵͷǺģŶɻжȴ֪ͼˡԴһʼ΢ûƤӺ;ŶǰӾͿ԰㶨
ؼʱ̣ÿ汾¡
֮ǰ׼ȴǺбҪһһԼµ嵱С
ʼչǿȴʧ̬ͶΪŶɱȽ˽Ը񣬴˲ϲðգϲ¾ڰգ΢ƫƫ֮öԷԼĽߡ
ֻһ档
͵ϮȫأҲǱУǽһչֳԼеƵģڱŶתݣҲڸôǿƵԭΪŶתôǿƣôԵǷţ˻ɡ
ɹĽסöԷӦһζʤӮǶԷĽƾһ;֮ķչ
ʣһ׶Ϸͬ˿̣ʩչ֮Գ棬˵ԼɽӾɽˡ
˲䣬΢͸оصԳãЩ֣Ҳҿ΢űҲǳصģʩչΪȡ
΢֪᲻ϵİֻ̽ҪԼһֵס˵Ը񣬱Ȼ˺֮ǰĿͷԼɱ֡
΢ҪģǽԷĹһһ⣬Ҫֵд⣬ֳǺ󱲣ҲԸΪѣ㻹֪Ȥһ㣬ʱ䣬ȥúԺ֮ĺá
Ҫһ̸ף
ǾűɣҲͺ쾳Կ˵ְĶڵǣ΢ģȻ΢׼ġ
΢õȽȻڸµλϣȴ΢΢һЦ˵ɱһɱϣŵ⽣Ӱͬڣƴˣס
˵꣬һӡ
˲ʱ䣬ɱӿû⵶ͬڣ΢ɱ˹ȥ
ƣţȴʵڣƹʱȱõҪգԲ̾Ͱˡ
ɱӣϵɱϣֱ£ԵֵǺͰ۵ˣҲһε»亹ֱٱ
֪΢˿ܵɱжǿ
΢ԼǾűɣҲδܵס֮ǰ˵΢бǾۡ
˿̣΢Ҳǿһöӣ£ɱݺᣬȻԵãˮڣвУҺΣ
΢֮󣬾ȻƸǿҺһǵס˶ԷϵĹƣǵס˶Էеɱ
һ̣ͫһЩȣҪ֪ոһ¿ɲʲô˶ֵܵסġ
˵һټŮڣκһ뵲סԼոһǵɱ
΢Ȼסˣҿȥд⡣
Ŷɣаһֻ֣Ҳǽ߬ȭڼԿ϶΢ǾŶɵת
ϾͬԼģֻȫɵۺ;Ŷ֪ϣ֪Լһָ
ûмʶŶɵˣֻţ޷ŶɵΪĿֲۼŶƵģҲΪˣŻһϣŶɽͨɷ
˵ϻ˭ڵ£ֻоŶһˡ
Ȼ΢ǾŶתһҲǰõ˴Уôõ˶٣ȫõԾŶɵʵҲûбҪЩֱӳ־ԽҺȫɵնɱȻô˵Ϊ޷ָȫʢʱڣ̳˼ɣ˿Щ岻һϾƣոѾЩߣǱ΢ٴռƣΪϣȷԷʵ
ֱӶ֣ΣϾֻǾŶתǾŶɱ壬ʲôӿһͷ
ͷ𣬾һͷð
һԼƫָΣ
΢Ҳ˿飬й˼ɣеӣȻеȻҺҵڽа壬ͳոȻסһϿ˵ȷǼ̳˾ŶɵһΪ˭ô
Ҳп΢ʩΪ̣Ͷ
ȷǵסҵɱһʡ
˼룬岻Ȼһ˲Щҡ
ֶģǵһңǱɡ
һ̣Ƿɡ


ھŰʮ ˿
΢֪ˣһ߳ͬʱﶬļֻ⣬һ壬ֻ֮Ҳűһᣬ㲻ϲҽ㶫𣬽죬Ҿͽ飬
žһ̡
˲䣬һ㶣Ȼ˲䱻ֵУ·ҲֻأΪһ޷ͨˡ
ѵģ¿ʼعƽ֮Ƽ򵥣Ѿǧ궼ܸ߸ϣޱߵ˵عƽµĳͷ;
ԼȻֻس˷ˣ֪ԼþҲǾޱȣ΢ȻǴӾŶ̳ΪȻܽԼֻþ
뷲룡˿̴ŭΪʩչƷ䣬쾳ΪǷͬ죬Ȼ΢µþоŲ㣬ǻһʱ䣬ھ˼ķ֮ͻƶ
ȻڻþУԷ̬꣬棬Ҳֻһɲǡ
ɲǼ㣬ˡ귲ģȴɫΪѿٿ΢ɵ֮þûκɱֻƣŽԼ룬΢Ȼһ㣬˵ԷȻûȫ̳оŶɵΪҲ϶̳ĳɣԼ㶯֣Ҳпʧܣʤ˵ǲɽܵġ
˿̣ľңҲûбҪ££Ҳ䡣
ͣˡ
ܶŶɾŶɾת飬ұ㽫֮Ӻܾ֮꣬Ŷɾ֮ҲǻˣʱֻȫһһʤûԹ𡣡˿˵
˵꣬ģĳ΢һȻתߡ
ʱõ֮΢Ŷת֮ʼǰƤٺҲ˼ʩչ֮
֣֮ǰܶ˶û뵽ģһ壬û꣬Ȼ䣬ʵЩ˼顣
˵Ϊ˻ŶɵĴ֮ţ˲ţŵ˿϶Ȳŵ˶ܶ࣬ϾˣҲ˶֪Ĺ£Ǳ棬ٸóۣǼ٣ﶼס
ڳˣǲĻȻڸո˶ϰжƺûռˡ
֮ͤڵ΢ʱȴǺȫɵ۵
Ǳһûд𻰣Ѿǿ뿪սУȻĳҲһŹֵ뿪
΢ʱ򿴵뿪ļƻɹΪһӮĻʱ䣬ʱٲõȫͻȻɱϾǶԼ£Ǳ壬Ҳûʸһˡ
ʱ΢ȻЩɢ֮ͤһ̣ҲһѿһϸСѷ졣
΢æסűɵͬʱɹȥ޸̡
֮飬˷лˡ΢ʱ˵ԭڵķɢ¶һ̵ӣ֮ĴǸ̡
΢֤ʱͺʶˣ΢Ҫ뷨ӽ֮Σ֪֢ϡ
ֻҪܽ㶨ôΣͿԻͼꡣ
Լˣȷ죬ѣ΢Ҳ뵽˷ӣ֮ǰ֣΢ļƻҪһǿѹ
涷ǿΪ϶΢л
ʱ΢ģֻ֮顣
΢Ⱥ֮ãαװԼ壬ʤӮ
һϣ΢Ƕһ֮ӦǿֵԷĹƣǽֻþ
Ϊˣ΢֮ǶǸľ޴Ĵۣ΢͹ΪΪ𣬶֮ң̶ѿˡ
ܹ˻رһȻĽֻþҪ֪쾳Ҳһ㡣
ΣǶɹһ٣Ȼ΢ֵ֮飬Ҳ͸¶ȥ΢º֮飬ָˡ
΢պ֮ΧѾвһһɫŹ֮ɫ΢Ͱݡ
ݼŶ
΢ɫƽҡͷŶѾǹȥȥǹҳδԶԴֻڣ΢
΢˵ǾŶɻǹ𣬶ֻһμ䣬֤ǰѵʱ΢ʱһʱĻң΢ס˽ġ


ھŰʮ 
ֻ֮ѵľǱأǰֶӰ죬˲ңΪԽߣԽǻܵӰ죬ǰǿƣγϽƽ
΢ͬ
΢䣬ֻأѾͨһǾһ仰ǰǹȥǻӰֻ֮ĵ⣬ֻ֮ɣʵȴֻǰǾڻӰĭĭһ졣
΢֪ԼǰǶǰѾȥ飬΢˶ѡ
Ȼɳȴҽ΢
䣬Ӧ֮ӺϢǴ鶫磬գǻȸԾȻҲ֪΢ǾŶת΢𣬲껺ʱ䡣
˵˵Ϣһһ΢޳ɾűɣȻǾŶת֪˶˵°ͣ˵ĸ֮⣬Ϣ۾ɴ󣬰˵
˾ϢֱɵʥԺıֱӵڵȴȻ֪΢нģһӦǾɵۡ΢йڵģǸо󼹱亹Ѿ͸ȫ
ԹԣűɻȻһŶ
˵ŶѾعһɳ
顣
֪ͨеɹ٣ɵ֮عȻ̸ţʲôȥȻǹӭŶع顣
һΣŶ˴֮Σ˿̷ǲҪˣԭܼ򵥣Ŷھ󲿷ɳĹǣʲôƨȫоŶڣǸԣ
Ȼ˭֪ʮִ˵УڣҲǴһ˵˼
ɵɵֻ֮Ǽ֮λɵ˵Ӧ죬ӦǾŶ졣
һ仰˵Ŷǵ
ǵλӰȻᲢ۵ģȥӭӾŶȥʥ
΢˿ͤУΧԽԽ࣬˵ģһݼ
΢û
׶ʵ֮ǰǡֻػþǿнֻػþöԷ鷲˿ѣȻǽס˶Ͷ䣬΢Ҳء
޸Ϊͬʱ÷ֳ޸֮飬Ȼ
ʱɳĸ߲㼸ˣꡢۣĵ½һһǨȻ¼ٰټŮۺĸҲˡ
΢û
¼΢ǰٸнѣһҪҲΣʱ˭ˣĸȴǿһЩߣð˾ٽ΢
޸ǻصԼ
һ˾ٱ㻯һ⣬΢嵽ͤ΢һҲǰ̾ĸ۹ⶾ˿Ҳһ塣
΢µɵ۴ˣ΢ȫԼ֮Ӻ꣬ɵ۴˽
΢ô˵Ȼô˵ĵǾŶҲûȨɵ֮ô˵Ϊȷɵ۵ͳελҲǸˣɵɵۡ
ʱҲԼݣǿɫǾŶתȻʸҲȫ֧֣
仰С
һ̣΢ͻȻӦ̧ͷ£ȻǷִ˿ټɵ֮ۡǰЩͬ
Ȼ̬û⣬΢ȴܸоղ˵Ĳټ¡
ô£
ֳϣټŮη³壬ʩ
΢Ȼɵ˵ֻǽɻ£ʱĸҲǹһ񣺡СüŶ֣ǧ겻
Χɹ⻰ǰ𾪣֪Ŷλˣȴĸô˵̫ˡ
ɵ۶žŶóƺΪ֡˵ˣĸԳСãҲ֮£ĸôԳƵģֻоŶһˡ
ĸҸոѾ˵ˣŶǹ΢ԺҲ΢ȥĸ󣬻ǽ΢ɡ
˵꣬΢ɨһΧһˣȻΪλ֮вδʱ䣬λЭ׳һвɷ֮ǰΪǵë֮ȫؾʱ΢ҲλӭУһ
ӭУһ
ȻƸǣ΢ξٺɽ˶飬ڣ˸߼ǵѣ˿̿Ŀ⵱ж͸ȫĳݡ
΢Ȼ˵΢ǸŶɣȻ΢ǾŶɣλΪܵľŶ


ھŰʮ 
սϽ
ȫɵ̬磬һʱһεԽգȫɵǰһ㶣ץסǸεһԭƽҲͻȻһ䡣
Ƕ˵һʧ١
Բԣʣ϶ǳʲô£Ȼȫɵ۵˽⣬ԷȻܻȷӦ
Ǿǳʲô£
˿Ҳҵ飬Ȼûȫɵ۵ǣƣҲҪ̷ضȥյ·͵õĵĵһҲĿɿڴ
֮󣬻ŵֲȫɵǸ飬ȻǾŶһ˴֮꣬Уҵ̻ȥ
˵꣬ٶȸ죬
ɵ۲ͣȴǺ;ŶϵʵϣĵǺܾηŶģҵʱһ뷨ΪŶɵ۸ʸ񵣵һɵ֮λ
ŶңڣϲҲǸżû취ŶͻȻʧ٣ѰţʱѰ˺ܾãȷŶ䡣
Ϊˣȥʹɵۣƺ֪һЩ飬ôʣǱտڲԣû漫Ϊջټɵ۾ͲɴһɢٻضҵϽ֮أרľӪԼĵ̡
ξŶת֣һǸ΢ˣȻҪȥ

ټȻðʩչڶ֮ԭˣ
ڣ΢ºĸҲоȣ˵ټ궼ѾʧôάټŮʹڵģͳ¡
£ˡ΢һ˿۰ɵ۳Ȼ֪ټѾڣĸ¶һǻԵĴȻҪάɵ۴ڣǾֻϳ档²˶ֻ⵱Ͼɵ۵λӲôġ
ԱߣĸһУʵзӡ
ȻʵܲܽټȻ
΢̾ҡͷѣڶ֮ѽټңĿǰپۣǽѰʩչڶ֮һ
ĸһæȥ
΢ҡͷټ֮ɲʴǽȡҲûá
֮жôΣգ֪ɵ۵ʧҲ֮йأټҲΪ֮մȾʴ䡣ĸʱʵоȻһ˿η塣
Ƕ֮η塣
΢һЦֹټŶҲһ֮մȾʴֻأ޹
ʲôĸɴ˿̴һ֪Ŷʧٵأ˿һȻҲΪ֮
˵һ֣ȻΪ֪䣬ʧٵʧ١
һ룬ɵۼȻҲ֮׶༪٣пܺ;ŶһѾֻء
΢ĸıҲͲ³룬Цĸ룬ɵ۲Ѱˣ쾳֣һɾĴˣ׿ԽδؾͲκ֮ң䣬ʲôŶֻس΢ֻأҲδؾͲ
ȻҪ˵ͨ͸ͻŶҪĸ̫ࡣ
Ȼֻ֪֮ʲôΪλ˿¡ĸʱ˵η֮ɫ
ۻ
΢ʱͻȻһ䣬һɲã֮ͷ·ڤڤУһ仰ϣĳֹȻͻȻ֮䣬ζѡ
ĸ󾪣Ҳɫ԰ףںֹܿʧҲǻָ΢˫Ŀž⣬ƺĳֻ䡣
Ǹ붫ɽ磬ŶɡɵۺټΧԽ˽ǾŶŶķеѹھŶⶦɽ¡
ʵϣʱɵ۶֪Ŷʱѹʱһʴ塣
ֻŶΪӲѹסʴҲûи߱ƽ˷գ뿪ʵϾΪʴ
Ŷ֪ʴ޷ȴ뵽һķӣȻ˿Խʴ磬ԼֻҪ̤֮ǾͿԻΣ
ΪˣŶɺķ꣬̽Ѱ֮֮žŶȥݷϾȴֻϾһš
дֻһ仰Ǳǡۻ
Ͼ㣬ôҲϾʱŶ֪Ͼˡ
Ŷ֪ټ裬̽ѰһϢսԵĳټ


ھŰʮ ؾŶ
ȵŶɾǧൽȴ֮ϮòΪЩ֮ŶɾȻǿǻ統Уһʯʯӣа֮ãӾԶ
ʯ棬źϾһ֡
ۻ
ֻϧʱŶãʴѹƣߣ޷ϵ֮һ֮̽ŶѹƲסʴֻֻء
ʱŶЩʣΪؾŶھŶѹˣƾΪ͵ؾŶδزϵԶʯһ̽
ӻ䵱лع΢ĸ¾㵵ı飬ҲЦոһЩ£Ǿ仰ͺˣǧҪ롣
ʱ⴫һǾŶ֣
΢һ΢΢һЦ˵һˣǻͷ
ٿˣǴսϽҴҸĻͼ΢´ͻȻһָ΢õľȻɷһָ
棬ʲôºĸ󾪣æҪǶס쾳Ļ
ȴ΢ŲæоȻҲʩչһָ΢һָԶԶ޷ͻᲢۣ˿΢õ壬ΪҲǷ˶ѣôһָȻɾһ㣬һָƵ
䣡
һӿʮ𣬵ʷӿ
ȴǰȻǾŶ֣ãðұ֪гһվŶعɳұ˵ΪֻأҲٴ𡣡
΢һЦ䵱У;Ŷɹϵȴ졢ĸټϵܲ΢ǵã⻯ߥ޹ŶɵۣŶ־ڴˣҲûġ
֮;ŶϵûģոնԷһָ̽΢ָƽ⣬ֻж˲֪طһָǾŶɷҪѧŶԻҲͽ
˲ͬͬӾŶѧͨɷȴǴĵﾴؾŶǽ䵱֪ʦϲӣѧһָ㵽ɷҫþŶ֪ҵѵ䣬治ˣȴǶԾŶóϷҾŶ߶ԷһָҲɷƵһɷ治ţһԣȻǾŶͬһָָƵ
ʱֻ֪һָĴ߲һָƵɷͬһǿƿԶԿ׽ĺá
ƽһָָͬԿס
˲طֻǿƵһָֻоŶáԿסȻոָײǾͲֻǲһɷѹô򵥣ٿԻٵ
Ŷֻǹ΢΢˵ܶεĻظһ飬һ΢΢һ㶣ҡͷ֪΢ֻ;Ŷн飬һǽŶҹܲţ뷽跨Ӵ֮϶뷨ʲôҪæľ˵
ǱºĸһҲǿ΢£ȷҪ΢˵˵
˿ڳĶԼˣȻĸ˲ԸȴֵΣ΢ҲûҴš
Ӵ֮ǲΪ֮ʵҲǱУΪʵȫΪǰǿ̫࣬ҼҲΪ˿ʲô̶ȣ΢˵ʵжǿ
ʤ㣬ҪףҪɱ㣬Ҳøһۣ΢˵ĺȷⲻԴľ飬ҲԴԾŶľ顣
ʲôԲţΪӦÿԺƽֲŶԡ
뷴뵽΢ǾŶתȻô˵϶ô˵ĵ
ȫһȫɵۣҲǺ쾳һ쾳֣ټȫǰλ쾳ɣԾʤˡ΢Цߣֻлһλ쾳֮ǰȫɵǣƣǿܵס
΢˵ıʵۻ滹ĸǶ
Իã°㡣գұ뿪ǰսѰҵؾŶͬʱȫΪֻҪһصؾŶΪ쾳Ժȫ⣬ʱҪӴ֮ľͲǣˡ
Ȼ΢мƻ˲֪ȴؾŶǵŶɱŶаıǾŶɵΪҵʩչڶ֮ؾŶ˿̵ںϣ˲Ϊ
΢㣬ֻҪҵһԽԼΪ쾳ҵϣֱ쾳ҲпܵģŶȫһأɻָŶɵ۷ʱΪ


ھŰʮ ֮ǰ
΢ڣȻǲܾڻ˵ʱ׾͹ȥˣǰսдеʱһξҪ꣬ʮϰ궼пܡ
˻һ쾳ټĵɣɳʵ֮ǰҪ׳̫ࡣ
΢Ҫ뿪ѰҵؾŶҲ͸¶ȥ΢˼ֻڳ⼸֪á
΢뿪ɳΰѾ׵ʱĸҲ΢ҪദǳŻλɹ֪𣿡
ȥ磬ǵȻ֪һ԰
꣬ҪЭټɵɳȻӦټٹ٣ţߡĸקŻ뿪
һֻʣ΢¡
ʱºĿ΢üȴһ˿ǣĬƬ֮󣬲̲ס֪Ƿɣֻû뵽ǰȻǾŶ
΢֪еǣЦǰ˵ҽֻ΢
һ㶣ŷӦ֮ǰ΢ǰǿ˵΢ԭ˵Լġ
֪ԼеǣỼûʧԲǰԼȻû˼
ٲ룬ǰһͷ΢ʱ⡣
΢Ҳûо˲ãֻὫӵ뻳С
ã²̧ͷ΢ΪΪûлָԾŶݳȥ⵱пǴڷյġ΢Ļشܼ򵥣ڵһɳҪ֮ǰȻټŮۣһУټŮһ׵ĴڣֻоŶܾۺˣǻҲĸԸЧ
ɵӦʱ˵תһ룬ȴ۾һȻ뷨á
΢ȴҡͷŶ־ɵ֮λ껯ߥ޾Ŷȡɵ֮λŶҲûô˵ˣϾҪȥѰҵؾŶλӣټȥ
ᵽټҲǳʵټ㵱ûˣ
ûȣʱȲˣ廹쾳Ϊ˵ټûȫɢֻҵı壬ʩչڶ֮ܽҲҵؾŶ˵ؾŶǹؼһ΢˵仰ʱ򣬿˵ն
ʱ䣬ǱҲֹǰ΢Լ˾Ŷɵļ䣬ֻʣ¾űɵΪЩԸһû⣬ҪӮô֮ԿȫɵۣǾͲˡ
ԵؾŶ΢ڱصá
΢еľģ֪˵ʲôҲûãӵס΢ҡ
һ̣΢ӵ뻳ʣ֮Ǵ
ʱ֮µ۷ʣſ΢⣬ҲҪ˫ãҲʵ⣬ҲĪ
˵˫΢ԺҲǳǸŵŮӣҲһůϧ¡
֮ǰЩȻҪģ˫ˣ΢Ѿͷͨãİ֮ˣֺα˿΢ȥ˫ҲûжûвҴš
˫΢һ棬΢λȣ˵˺;ŶѾͿԼģҲһ΢ǰ䣬Ὣ
ڣ΢˫֪΢⡣
ִ磡΢˫Ȼּɬ˵˻΢㽫˫Ҫһˣͻ
ִΪȥѰȫķţ˴£غһɳˣִҷȥ˫ǣңִֻǵ˫ʱʱ̹̿㣬Ϊҹҹƽ˫㡣˫ͨȻǲᣬȴʱ΢ԴΪصġ
˫ꡣ
ִ磬꣬ʮ껹꣬˫㡣
΢˿Ҳ㣬»˫ͨܵŮģ΢ԼӦ֪㡣
˫Ҳȴ΢һЩĸ£΢ȻҲҪȥġ
ϡĸֱţӣǱԼںξٺɽҲЩ˵Уͳĸֱ֮⣬΢̬ȹޱȡҲһΪ΢ĵλΪѾǶγ˾޴ѹ΢˾˿̼΢ҲƾŶ
ʲôʱŶȥҾ΢ɼ΢ô˵Ҳǰǰ㽫΢͵΢
΢̾˿ȻԤϣ֪Դ޳ɾűɣѾŶ䣬֮ĹϵѾܻصǰ


ھŰʮ ·
ɽɹٶˣԼϹϾǸ˵˽ˣ΢Ҳûµ˽ȥԪֻǶȥһЩҩԴȥ
ɽߵ飬΢ҲѾ׵лλ쾳ӦԴ󲿷Σˡ
֮ǰ΢ϵŶſ˿Ѿױʩչ֮գԼȥҲͳ㣬ķȫΪӦÿԷ˰꣬ɽ갲ȡ
΢ӡʱȴǷЩֹˡ
΢˵꣬ʮ궼ʮ֮ӡͻᱻʴʴһա
ʱ΢ͻȻ뵽һ£ʩ޼֪Ŷⶦɽ·ӡһˣ
֪֪˵Ŀֲųˣƣ˵ʩ޼ȫǱߣзѹˣ
΢תһ룬ǷӦ
Լ븴ˣʵϣºܼ򵥣ΪȫҲзѹˣ֮Եҷųˣ֪һɶáɷҪʩչɷ۾Ǵһ
ǹˣĿģҪ
֮ǿ΢˭λҲǵõϾָˣΪηǲֶζԸ
֮ǲŷ֮Լǰ䣬ȻʩƱ֮Ӻ꣬һȫȫʤ
ǶıʵȴСˣüҲǲ˺˵Ŷˣһ󻼡
ôƿصȫִƴһͳݣǾԲǺ¡
ߣ
ȥѰؾŶ¿̲ݻΪ΢˿Ѿĳŵ
鶼Ѿ΢Ҳûٵ飬ʩչ֮Ȼϣ̤ա

·С
΢ϾΪʩչ֮Ҳ˲̫ԶűɵΪȻԣ΢ô壬ٶҲ첻ˣ֮ϴ̤ս磬ȻҪ̫ࡣ
һգ΢ֱͬһͷӬһ㣬ûз˵ǵڣȻǷ׻ȴ˷ѲһȻͬŶɵǰϴóΪŶս磬΢Ҳ·֮˵ټ֮΢սѾࡣֻ΢Ҳ޷ӦؾŶ䣬ս֮󣬺ֹڶ֮أҪսѰҵؾŶڴ롣
΢Ͼ̳˾Ŷɵļ䣬Ǵ룬ҲмѭǱˣȫҪһѰҵؾŶǲŽд룬һ޼Ѱ
ؾŶͬӦؾԣΪٱ߽ǰСϸǿǧ򻯣Ŷɺһɾʶʱһɾ˵ؾŶΪ֮棬һ仰˵ؾŶĵλ
Ȼܽ˷ӡڷⶦɽô£ʩ޼⿪ӡĻԶѹˡ
оŶӦԣֱΪ鶦ǢⶦĶѶ붦Ӧԡٱ߽ǰСŶɳΪûоŶԼȻǸһһҳ΢ҲǼ̳һŶɵı£ֻҪһ֮ڣԸӦؾŶĴںλá
£΢ֻƾŶԣƶǵĴλá
鶦ӵ޾Ψ鶦ɽ֮ȻӿǸءϽ֮޼᲻ݣ֮Ȼǽ֮Ũĵطɱ绢ɱ¾֮ؿѰ֮Ǣˮƿ壬ңڶ֮ڡⶦ񣬸ӦֻѼĶȻﴫɱѶƿʱգһԤֻ֪߽Σ붦̺УԪ֮ģģ򷨲֡
ҪѰŶ͵ðѰֻһһѰҡ
΢˿Ҫȥģǻ磬ǵŶսʱֵһȫɽɵľ޴
˵ǿٵ֮ǰ統еһٵʱһ磬ν֮硯
һ˶֪ںδ΢̳оŶյļ䣬Ȼ֪Ҫ˵գ΢Կ϶ؾŶУȻ硣
ͷһҪ΢ȻҪȥĵطѰҡ
缫ΪңԶǵŶ֮ҲҪãӾŶɼ䵱У΢֪һճ涴˲ִǻĸȥǳ涴ڣ΢ڵΪ֮ԽѰ


ھŰʮ 涴
֮΢ϢƬ̣Ѿǵǳ涴һƬյУշ籩ǽܴĸ飬ͨ޷棬ǷˣһСշ籩ûķҲ
΢ȴշ籩շ籩ֻҪվ֮ϣͬƬռ䣬ͬ磬΢֮ױܿɽһ֮ӵͨ
շ籩Ű΢վϾĿѰǳ涴ڡ
ճ涴ɢ֮һ涴άֲԶһЩս˵ϵһЩ̶ĳ涴͵ͬڳ·Щ涴Ҳ͵֮ͬ
Ҫ涴ΣҲԶ׼ģԲ񣬾ͻڷ籩ͳ涴Уеʱ򣬱˵ʬףҲһ˿һ
˿̣һƬ籩Ϯ΢ֻ֪ݱܷάڷ籩УҲǰȻǸۻ
һɷ籩ͷͬɽХһ㣬ֻ֮ȵ籩ȥǼΪͬ䣬籩ܻһЩһЩƬҲһЩʿ֫кһЩƬȻһЩЩƯƬУҵһЩõĲǻʹõķ
΢֪սУһЩƫԶ֮ص˾ЩƬѰάǵеõģԴһЩ˲кҵغǴУеʱЩԴǵٶȫе˲١
һη籩ȥ΢ͿƬкͬһƯУһЩ֫һЩͷ­
΢ûѰ΢ݺ͵̣Ѿ飬ңʱ˵΢Ҫץÿһÿһ룬ʱ˷
һƬ籩Ƭджܿ΢ͿԶǸ޴ĳ涴
涴ںֹ꣬ԶԶͷ·һ޴УһУշ籩涴ǰҲСС֣˵ɾɡ
һ涴ͿһЩ΢ɽ󴨣΢涴ǰͬһ΢
͵ȣ涴ûκα仯ھŶɵļ䵱Уûκα仯涴ʱʱ׹Щ׹֮ףǿɱˣԾԲڳ涴ڱڿռ伫ֻҪ̫ӦЩ֮׵ġ
΢׼涴ʱͻȻӦ΢ٶȼ죬һѾǶ㵽һӴСĸʯ
Ƭ֮ԶյгһӰӰԽԽһ׹¶ΣȻһҺɴ
ɴɣͬһֻ޴ĺӼ޴󣬺أŻĽ֮֮ЩСĸʯͲкɴײ֮£׷顣һҺɴһշ籩Ժνǹ
ɴ˿̵Ŀ꣬ȻǸǰĳ涴
΢һ۾һھŶɵļ䵱мƵǻеķͬɳĸۣŷ˾֮µߣǷˣҲԳս硣
ھŶɵļ䵱У˵սн֮ΪŨĵطҲˣмеʿˣڽ֮ڣ統вܹɽԴ˼ķ
ͬոշɹȥĺɴ΢֪ɳ˾ƳҲɣҲԴﵽ˼̣޾շ籩ȴǿȻ⴩սͥŲ
΢֪Ҫ涴ȻԽʡܶʱ䣬涴Ҳգʱʱð֮ףһֶ
涴롣
ֶһа֮սƯ֫кԹͻУײޱȣƫƫʵߣɱˣʱ㹻Χɱ쾳ֻڳ涴жأɱ涴ˡ
ŶΪ֮ߣֳ涴룬ʵϣ쾳ս磬Ща֮һ¶ͷġ΢Ϊ۷壬ôг涴ȻᱻЩ涴Ϯʱ΢ֻϣԾű֮նɱЩˡ
΢֮ǰԤ룬ڣ΢ԼҪô鷳ˡǰ޴ĺɴԼһᣬֻҪɴ棬һɴ棬Դһ˳糵ͨ涴
ڵ΢ʡ¾ʡ£ڳ涴ǲʹ֮ģҪ˵ٶȣԼǱȲɴ


ھŰʮ ʵǹѪ
뵽΢ϣʩչŲ֮͵͵ǺɴڶԷ涴֮ǰ͵͵ںɴβ
ֲ·΢׶档
ոնãɴһӳ涴УʼԽ涴
濴涴ѾǾ޴ޱȣ̫𺳣Ǵ˿̣ڳ涴֮ڣſԵ涴ľ޴
ɴѾǾ޴󣬵ͳ涴ͷ·һǩ뵽һĸоһ
˷ӿɴȻҲЩףȻҲǲ㲻ܡ΢һˮͰϸɴϣȻֻҳһݶѣɴԲ⣬ҿ赲״ʵ似
ʱǰһŴԣǳ涴벶׽塣
ִһ˿ޱȣճʮ㣬иʴ֮һǶãʱ򣬱г涴֣ɱס
ȻǺɴЩٶ˿δһײ棬ֱӽһ˺ײơ
˲䣬΢вٳ涴ǻȻǵ˴Խ涴Ȼ׶༪١
˿кɴȻⲻ
һ̣΢̧ͷһպÿһĨ⼱ٷȻһ˺ѽ춯΢һɵľ룬һì
ⳤìޱȣ̺ǿĽ֮ȻǰشɴУ˲䣬˷ͻȻϰٱ̺֮ĳìɴ̹
΢Ϊ˶ԸԼܿͷ֣ⲻҪԸԼڶԸһҺɴ
ìӲͶżǿеǣڲֻƬ֮䣬ɴǧٿף˳ìͬһһ㣬ٶҲʱǰͻȻһ߳ɵľˣһףȻԻסȫгһͬ޴ޱȵܡ
֮󣬼ֵһ㣬ʩչһŽһ̣Ȿξ޴ľˣȻٶȱ˲䳤ʮɸߣһǣֶƾ𣬾ȻӲĽײĺɴ
ǿĪ̩ɽˣ΢һҲǴһȷǷ˼Ӧĳɷ
Ȼ޴󣬵Ҳ˶ѣΪҲֻǷˡ
ͣɴ֮вףͷ˴˷΢ɴϣҲûط㣬˵΢ҲûҪ㡣Щ˼΢ȻǷֳΧɱ
΢£ֻ˳·һɴѣû뵽Ȼǰ·ôΧɱȻ΢ǲʶǷϮɱ΢ҾҪɱ΢ҲӦЩ˾Բһ΢壬ʩչűɵֶͨΣЩ΢Ķ֡
ɱ΢ȻְܲˣȻֻ˱˵ΪԸ֣ͬⲻ
ֻǼУ΢ͽǼɱ˴ڵء
һ˵ǶΧ˹ȻǴȽ΢֮նɱ
΢ȴǾĪЩ˳ּΪҪ΢ȻҲ飬һУһָǽһɱ
һĪɱͿʼˣ΢ýȻɱһˡ
ʱǺɴһţ߳ʮҲ󶼴£ͷһǸŮӣ˿ժͷ¶֮ɫ
ɱһˣڼϴӺɴгôˣʣµһǻഫƬ̣Ȼ̾ˣߵļΪɴࡣ
΢ʱҲˣЩ˿϶ԸɴЩ˵ģֻԼΪԼͺɴеһģԲųɱˣۿǲܳɣԵҲɴ࣬һ֮
ʱĺɴ߳ʮҲߵ΢ߣʱǸͷŮǰһһŹֵڣ֪մΪγ
Ů϶ŮҪߴ٣ͷȻҲǽ֮ɫģҲƯ˵̸ºŮվһ˾кͬ£ҪһЩ˿һ˫۾
΢Ҳ̫ѪˣԼ˳㳵Ȼô£ԵɺϾˣ΢ܴӾŶǼ䵱пЩˣ϶Ի硣
ֻ˳·֮Գ֣Ϊȶֻ֣Աѡ΢ŮһֱԼȴûκξִ٣
΢˼ֻһɺ⣬֮ǵģҵģ棬˭Ů̵лʩԮ֣˳·һ˴С


ھŰʮһ 
·żɴȣΪ˱ʾлͬУҲ΢Ҫȥ̽䣬ǰȥʱ򻹵뷨ӴĽݲſɣֳɵ΢Ҳʵûɾܾ
ǵͷŮӺǸˣҽܣԭˣŮҳǰ˾ӵкܵܣҾȻҵ
⵹΢Ϊ⣬Ȼң֪ŶɵʱҲֻۻ֪лôһطѣͶݱ粻һƧˡ
һԽܶ΢飬΢֪֮˶ɵ˶ܹ֮ҲжӦĵ;ɵ߹ͬе£ֻӴѡͬ΢λΪǴﵽͨ˵ˮ׼磬һ£Ϊͺͷһ޶
λСҲһȻСսдȫ¡
Ǵǧ治С
ȤǵҲǲͬ΢򣬵ֱӳƺСʵڡ
缫ΪƫƧǰԸ⣬ԸǰͣԱ֮ޱȣĿ΢һģ΢Ӧһ
΢᲻ӦҪǰȥѰұһá
˵ˣ΢治ҾӹǱ֣⻰ȻûҪ˵ǾʲôϮǡ
һɫȻȻǸ磬ӣҵܵ绳ģ䣬㰴ͲסҪ·ǽɱһǼ̳λĵһС
΢һȷѪһĶȨҶԹ
΢ǰҲ̫֮λҲһȻģȨڡ
˷һȥһΪ˸лҲ֤֤˰·ɱȥұټҳַǴ治֮ˡ˵꣬ڴĿ΢ȣź¸һ飬ټһ˫ڴ۾˸߸ʢȴȷǺѾܾ
Ȼ΢ǵȥһˣҲôֹѪ飬ΪҪȥ˳˳ˮҲ޷Ͼ磬ҪұҲҪе˰æźá
Ǿʹųˡ΢мӣǳҲһϲȻпͷң˿ǰȥϢȵ磬ȥˡ
΢ͷܿгŮ΢һңȻףŴӦоУϢû⡣
Ůȥҳʱ򣬸ո΢Цĳ˿ȴɫ䣬ŮʵʲôӦ
ŮҡͷӦûпʲô
˵ͷɡ
´һ߽ϢǿˣеĻմѪȻǸոϮǰˡ
±Ѿ׵αװɴӵˣɱ޻ӣû뵽·ɱôһˣȻɱôˣǵĴ¡һһջժͷ¶һӢס
Ȼǵļƻδǻ£Ҽȥ磬ȻӦˣȻΪͦߣȴһ֮ˣʩСƾͽתã㣬ʱ£ٽʹаսΧɱʵ
Ǹ۾һ㹻֣ɱ˲ѣ̽ԷȻҲֻǷˣкЭɡ
ãȻص磬ȥغã˿˵꣬Ǽ¡
ҵܵأʱŮԶԳη岻ѣæϢ
˵꣬ӻ֣Ůæ¡
ȵֻʣλʱһץһŽ֮ģһſεҪ̾ͿͬһӲһһ˦һŽ֮ǻ룬ͬ꣬һϴ̵ǧٿף׼С飬ԶֻͷƤ顣
λò׽Ӽ֮λճףӦΪΪŮˣȻԸСƨҲңãǲҪĶҾԼʱ򣬽ɼҲҵģнɼף֮ڣ˭ҵĶ֣


ھŰʮ С
΢ھ֮¿ţ⾲ҲСǽڻһЩƽǻ統ϲ֮ˡ
ʷ΢ȻôȤЩڻ
һ΢֪ȻӦñʲôϣڻϵдȫһḶ́һϴԣһָ˳ݡڻԭǻңͬһĴڣĳһ죬һλΰġµ˳֣ͬ;һ㣬ӿຣ޾ʹ൱ȳ
һڹϣУĶݡ
ͺûͻҷһ㡣΢ʣνľӦþҵȣ벻ҵ˻˵ĸݡ
º΢޹أ΢ʱҲ֣⾲֮ھȻΧǽڵвŸ󷨡
Ҳ˵⾲֮ڣǸоģȻҲһˣҲ֮̽ڵ΢תһ룬ҲϾ˭ܣ뱻֪̽΢ʱϥ֮Ծűɵͨ󷢾ԷЧˡ
˿΢űƯϿգһɨκһ䶼ʶ֮£ָоȻǺܿ죬΢ͷϸֻ֮ǰʮˣиˣЩ˶ۼڴһ֮ڣϢȻЩϤ
΢΢΢üһЩüĿ
ʱ΢˳Լ⾲ǸСԼ⾲棬վˣҲ֪ڿǿһۣȻ
ҪλɵˡСʱװŵ˵һҡͷСӣ֮ǱޣǲҪŵĺá
˵ܾĸɴ䣬Ȼ΢εݣȻóֹװġ
΢ʱһЦȴ壬Ȼ⿪߳պԥҪҪȥСӡ
ⲻСɵ𣿡΢΢΢һЦװģ˵
СЩţҲǼᶨĵ˵ͷ΢һãǱɡ
СӣⲻװɣӦ֪ͨźáһʱ˵΢ǹСҲҪ֪ͨĪǻҶСӲ𣿡
֪𣬲һ˼£ҵְڣҪȥҲҪһ𡣡
΢ʱҲ϶èˣҲ棬СԼʲôҲνͽûʲô˲
£һСһȥһǻȥͨ
Ϊ֪ȴ֪Ӳ΢űɵ̽顣
ǳЩ˿϶йŹ֣΢оºԼӦùϵ󣬵ȻҪʲô΢Ҳ£һ֮˭Լ֮ڻߣ΢Ǵ統С
֮ڣСȻԸǸҲǺҲû˵ʲô΢Լ룬ǰ
ҵҵΪҳԱһηˣﾭһݡ΢ô˵ȴûжطǾ仰Сһʲô
С˿Ȼ˵ǣһлҲ쾭壬ҼΪͨĽҪΪͽѧɵͨ
˵꣬һݡ
΢ۣһɨ֪Сʵ⣬⣬΢ǣԷʵ⣬ûһ˵ѵ˼
⵹΢Щ⡣
û΢˵ǱѾǳСӲˣ˽֮Ҫ̳λҲȻֻĽҲޱȣСֺѧ
˵仰ʱ΢üͷһ塣
ֱ̫񻰣һѣȻҶԼ˵ֽѵһĻԲԡ
΢˽ҵŵҲˣΪĹǽϸҵıڻȴƭˡ
Ҿ־ԵȨһͬūŵȻ˵ӵĲԣ¾ûˡ
΢ûпȻҲûʶЩ񣬶СȻߣǱǵǺãҽȴѧȻѧѵѧҲԣ
ʱ洫һ
ܵܣַСƢ㲻ǲѧȣҪ֪ǲеģȴ˽ĺ⣬鷳ˡʱչ¶Ů֮


ھŰʮ ִ
ò˵¼Ϊǳϴһ壬ƽǰȹһЩ̿͵Ľһ㣬γж
ĸպŮӵȻһ
ˣǰݵǹӺ֮ǰСʱȻͬԼûʶһ㡣
СһˣҲȻڳǰСЩнˡ
΢ʱһڣܴܵСңҲǽд˵ĵط˺
СС£СѧһЩѣǳԣҽһЩҲ޷΢ʱǱֵʮִȡ
ʹáЦ΢ȷ޷һЩСѣء
һ£ǲ˵룬ȻܵѧһЩʶҲãͷˣˣһЩ͵ҵܵܵѧʣвɾܾ
˵꣬ȡһݸ΢
΢һԷִҪ΢ټַǲãҲ¡
һ㵽ˣ˾Һҵܵܣͣ綺գҲþ֮ꡣ룬΢Ҳ˳ˮۣͷӦ¡
ˣܵܣҪˣмǲҪŵϢһŴȥֻʣ΢Сӡ
߼Լҽ뿪ҲǷſ˺ܶ࣬ǹݼʦ
΢ҡͷֻ˵ѧһСȻҲ㲻ϴҵңʦ
ϣСȴʮִ֡
УҵνһΪʦԲңȴʦԴ˵дʡ
΢СӵҲ֪ǶǫȷǽһЩǳ͵ҹͬʱ΢ֳһɳΣɨڵ򣬶ⳤ΢Ѿʼۡ
ʱţʱܿȥʱСѧϰò˵ʲ΢Ϳ֮ˣλСӣڶһĽѧᣬ֮Ȼڼʱ֮ɣˡ
˿СһŰƴСĽ֮еһɰԸ⻯Ρ
ʽ
СӴһɰȻۣһѶ̽Ȼ˽״΢ۿ֪⽣ֻΣӲȺͷ΢ͻ顣˿̣СѾͷǺȻһѾǼޡ
еĹɰ⻯Σؼ汸СԲҡ
΢֪ԷһѷɽһȡһɽݸԷ
һʦҲ׽УǱߵĹأʦҪӼģˮˡ΢˵ѽڱоϼѵ΢ɽʵڲʲôҪ֪ô˵һˣǰŶݣ©һ㱦㹻ˡ
΢ͽҲǿСƷԲֱܺθڣ΢ô
ˮɽСǰϧޱȣ·õһ˲õıһ㡣
ллʦ˵꣬Ȼһ΢ĽˮɽҡҡλΣӶ𣬿ʼȥЩ裬ģԽԽֻ֮ڽ˸۾ӰһɷȻˣģ
΢Ҳ۾һ֮ʵ֮ʺȺΪнԱų˵˵ˮһˣҪٿص磬ǵȽʱ򣬻ѪιɽʹۡСȻҪΪԲٿ硣
ͼϳֵۣóȻֻѧ˲һʱ䣬СӵɷѾģһˡ
΢ȻǵͷСӴ˿̽һգһˮѾ˲ǰ֮΢΢֮
ȷһϺõɽ
СȻܿó˿лʦͽ˽֮ǾҽҲɰ
ʱ˵Ѿ˻硣
仰΢ԿС΢СҲǷһ˿֮ɫ
֮߳΢һ֮أ֮ŨɳʯнԪأطĶҪӲ࣬ľݣһԴĥ͵ͬһһ㡣


ھŰʮ ̽Ϣ
иɫ磬֮Ũ㣬һж𴦲ͬ
΢˿һϵĵǾԻ°빦յؾŶбԣû֮󣬿϶зɵ֮ΪŨĵطݹս磬ҲֻΪʺϡ
֮Գ֮Ϊ磬Ϊ𴦲ͬĸϲֻһͨݸգϿգȴһŻڣʵϣһ㼫Ϊصɰ㡣
ɰ纣һ㣬˵һķˣһЩ쾳쾳ɶǿͻơ
Ϊˣ΢Ըʡ뷨ͨɰ㡣
ɰ纣仯Ī⣬֮ͬԲŽڡ
һڣԸ磬һķ磬֪ڲ
΢ΪԼ֮󣬾ͿԸӦڣǴ˿ȻûκθӦ
ĪǱûзԼĹ
ҲֿܣϾսУҲ⼸нֻ֮֮ǿ΢ڴ˴
Ȼͻƻڣǳ¾ҪһˣĲ΢Ҳڴ˴˷ʱ䡣
ǰ泤Ҳ˿ӦͷһεͰɣ
΢ͷȷˡ
羰Ҳ㲻˿ҪգһһЩҪŮͳͬˣ˵Ǿܿڣ赣ܣǶҪúͬˣвɵ͡˵꣬һŮһУվ΢
΢üͷ΢΢һ壬ԷҪ̣ͬҪӣ
˼ҵĵ̣ԼμˣСһ㵹Ҳ޿ɺǣԷȻǳ΢顣
һѯʡ΢ڵ
΢΢һЦ˵˵޷
ǰӣ֮Ƿ룬һ¯һ֡΢˵ĺϸҴ˿һֱŶ泤
֮ҴδشĺǸɴ࣬˵꣬ǱѾв֮ǰӭǵͳ΢Ҳ˵ڸոճĻ΢һٸš
֮£ͷƮ˵ѡ
Լֻǹ˵û
ԷΪ˵ѣ΢öʣҲᵱⳤĻԣֻҪȷϱͺã޷ҳűȴǾԿԡ
˭ûע⵽΢ѯʳʱԱС¶һ˿㵣Ϊûע⣬Ҳû˿
ˣһЩ´ȵһЩΪ˽ӷϴȻҪǡ
Сȴ㣬ʦһ
ҪˣСƢסҵкܶµȥǱߴѾ˺ܾãȱϯߡһ壬СҲҷȻǾԼ㡣
˼ҵ飬΢ùܣ뿪֮΢Ťͷ˿ԼˣǺδϢ
ˣѾΪ׼ϢĹۡ赵Ů΢һƬʽһۡﵹҲԺ䣬ᣬȻʽ΢Ϥ֣Ҳһ
ҽȥϢǿԱ㡣΢˵һ䣬ֱۡ΢ȥ֮󣬺СǸܵСȥ
ǽܵͷһ֣˷ֳʮһΪ
ڰΧססһͨһ£ʮɢܼӡ
Ϊһ֪ȴ֪΢֮̽¡
˿̣΢űɵƯۡϿգűɵΪҪϢβѡ
һȺһĸֵУ΢ҲǿԼ˵統еʿˣҲʵǱΪܲȻ̽ҲԶͳɵˡ
ԼڵĹۡΧô˰мأ΢֪λ϶ǵԼİȫڼԼ
ʮʵǿɢϢǷһڳ涴Щɱִ̿Ҫǿ˺ܶࡣ
˵κһˣͬʱʮɱ˵΢翴Ǹܵͳ죬µѾӽ쾳
΢֪λ˼ģ˵ҲЦ΢ԼĴ㣬ǾѰұλȴǲ֪ΪζԼģȻôּӣʲô


ھŰʮ ټ
΢ɲΪλ޵ĳΪ˱ԼԲŰаôԼۡΧ
ʣԷûġ
뵽֮ǰһЩֺƶϣ΢Цˡ
ȻƵԼͷˣӸλߣͷһԴ˵Ūӣλߵͨԣλˡ
΢νȻҲûȤҴԷİϷֻҪԼҵ뿪ԺҲʲô
űɵ״̬·ʮûһܷ΢ǵսµļӳ¿Դﵽһߵĳ̶ȣͬʿ֮ڶռϷ磬ȻΪ̫вǿֲ΢Ĺ
һ̣΢һŲƣ͵񷶥֮ϣ˿̿Խ뿴ƯϿǺһɰ
΢ʶ㣬˿ҲǱɰסˡ
ǰһĻΪ׳ۣɰ΢һץˮɽһˮȻȻ쳤·һֱûɰС
ˮɲ򵥣΢ˮ淨ʩչģ֣кǧ֮ɢ
΢Ҫ̽ɰֶˮΪʡ
Ȼ΢ûɹ
ˮɰɾʱѾ޷ǰɰ޴ڼѹƻˮ΢֪ˣǼϣɰѹȻɰܶѾʵ죬΢Ҳʱ
ȻɰݺȾˣٳϣֲÿԳ׸磬һ˾Բͻƣ˵ˣͽɣǿͻҲǸܡ
ɰݾǿȾˣôûпܱûɰУ΢һ䣬űʶһɨɰӳȥ̽Ϣ
֮䣬űʶǵصɨȥ񷶥ڡ
ܿ΢ջһ̣һŲƳȥǧ֮⣬ɰ񷶥ĳ
Ȼ͸һ
΢Уһ˿ϢϸһһɴСֱϣڱɰ¶ȣѾڻȴͷ·һ㣬һ̵ͨ
΢֪ⶨȻǱǿнʱɵġͨ
ǵؾŶ֮һϲ֮Ҳͨǵ֮һӵһЩǣĽ֮ڱ˵ͬѪһɰݿԵסˣס϶ǶñڵĻ棬Ӳտһӡ
ԲŻ֮ͨЩϢΪ֮ڸӦڣֻ˵һ
֣֮Ϣɱˡ
һΪ϶ҺֶΣȻ֪磬ͼˡ
΢һɨű֮ǴƲ㣬һЩ˵Ĵ䣬ǶȣձԻտɰݱȻǶ˲ܿԲȥʡ
΢ʩչŲƣ˲䵽˵档
ǰһģĴ䣬ʮӽһɽϣԿ˻ļ
΢ͨȻñ仯֮ҡһ䣬һµʿ
ȵ΢Ӳŷ֣˶ǸޱȣǾԵķˣûκι
һµʿЩţҲϵòϵãæǰݡ
УֻҪµǶǴǲĴڡ
΢һЩԼη񣬰ҲáһʹȻʳҪ֪飬ǰõһҹǼ֮ͻȻӿ֣磬ǾԶԿһĶ¯䣬ںɽһɽ֮ڣܿвҵ˹ȥЩҶ£ȻǶڼ˵ɽȵй죬˺ܳʱ䣬ʱûˡеӴȥûҽȥֻһɽԶԶȥܿԭдеɽѾһƬǽ壬涼һ㡣
΢֪иִ˱ҶȻǻ֮ˣȥɽһֳȻǱֽţ˲һϢ󷨣һбϢҲ¶ֺ
ʣǴ㽫֮ռΪС
ԷȻϢķ΢̽ҲûãЩˣҳ˭ҪռΪУܽء
ֻм΢Щ棬ǾĴֻҶ￴֪ӹľҵ
ѵͲʿ
ΪŪ⣬΢һȥǴѯʣȴǵõһԾѵĴ𰸡
ķ˸ֻҳԱõ֮Ͷܷͣݵأӵ¡


ھŰʮ ֮
΢ʱ֪磬ҳԱ֮⣬ǲҲµġ
˵£ͨĿ׺ԺһЩıУΥֱץΣصֱӶ
ʣҵĶͳο˵ǲпޱȣ֮⣬֮ûκνĵźʿϰ֮ҲûС֮˸޼ʶ֪֮飬ֻ֪һУģǱԴҵ壬Ǵһе
΢Ҳޱȡ
δ飬ڶݣκһ˰նϰѧģûʵģҲж
ʲô
ԴһɣսĴڣĴڣ˵ĴڡȴѹûеĴڡ
΢ͷһμ޻ĵط
Щ֮Ը΢ЩȴΪ˿̻ûµˣЩ΢ҵȻʲôʲôʵŹֲϳ
һ˲䣬΢Ҿûһ˿øУ˵߱ģֻҵˣΪֻҵ˲Ȿ¡
Ƿˣˣֱʵһ㡣
˿΢źüˣһֻ߰ССʹһҲǹڵϣȴʱʱ̧ͷ΢дźĽ
΢һǿֻ뻹ա
ʱǣǰǣǺǣ˵ҵ֪᲻ᱻͷ˵ڹû֣֪籾еҲ˵ĻȴıǷǸʹࡣ
еʱһ֪ҲһҸȻˣ΢ֺαǳֺõ顣
΢һԣֱŲȥ
׳ɫ࣬طûʲôȥģ΢ȻĳҳԱ
΢˿Ҫȥģҵ
űɣ˲Ϣֹ統΢Ҫ֮ͿԶʱڻص
طƶȣҵֱݳ޵˼㡣
һ֮ǣڲǱǴС԰жʮкţȽһ£΢ŵǸۡͺһˡ
΢ϸ̽ϢȻرһ֣Ȼ΢һϢӦ
Ȼûҵ΢ȴײ˳ںһ˼ۡ
һݻĴУһµڴ
ҵܵܣĪ⵱ļһ涼Сƺ㡣
泤ҡͷӣȵС̳λ죬ȻԼڲС
вв˵㣬ˣĴ磬Ҳҵġŭ˵
ȴԣǴӣµȴ㣬㻹ûʸָֻš
ӱʹһŭ֮£һƴȥ
ҲˣⳤΥԸ˭ҲȷֻԼǵܵܶѣⳤȻŲüܲŭҪǣľ֮λ£ǳ׼ŭӡ
մӵ뷨һƿ϶򲻵ϾԷܸߣһ㶼Լ
ƫƫķչĲһȻǶ㲻һȻǽʵʵһơ
žһ
Ҫ֪вֻǶˣҳԱʹڳ˿̿ôһĻҲһĿɿڴڵ
ȻҲǲ죬򶼴ˣΣѵøǸȻǲܵģ´һתߡ
ҳԱʹʱҲ̸ˣܿ죬ֻ󳼺ҳԱ
¡⼸˼ûˣ̹Ȼǳš
ٿȻףȴǼΪ䡣
ӹȻ̲סϹˣȥ֮󣬽ոյͼӴ˵ȥƣ˵粻нһĶ˵ףҽ˰ɣ˵Ǽ󳼺ǹ֪ô
Ǿȥɡ˵꣬һ£Ƽǿ֮⣬˶˳ȥ
£Ҫʵʩƻ𣿡˹һ䣬ͷûռƻСɱ˰ɣǸҲһɱˣɱ֮󣬾˵ǴӲϮɱСӣҳ֮֮ɱȻɱ֣СҲ췦£˶ǴΪʱԱѣһ̳еˣڶ̳е֣ô̳еˣҲң֮λ


ھŰʮ 
ڿЦʱ˿ûзУһ˵ڡ
̣΢֮ͬǰְܵܵŮˣȴΪĻ֡
涴ϮԵݵһϷĿľΪɱǸСӣȻץʿǸӡ
ֻ㲻㣬ƻǱԼˡ
ⳤȻǽƾͼƣԼǰȥ磬ȻԼһӡɱСӣٽ֮Լͷϣʺӿ϶Ҫ۵ӵԴϣһʯ񣬹Ȼġ
Լֻһˣһܵܣһ磬Ů˵Ҳµȥ֡
˵ʵ΢ͿԳֽŮˣ΢ҲôģͳҪԼ֣΢Ҳ顣
ʱ΢ͻУ֪ԼǱ߳΢ûԥһŲƷԼڵĹۡ
ȴ棬СţԵĺܼ١
ۡΧѾֻʮأֶٶʮ׵
ЩϢǿÿһϢﵽ۷ĳ̶ȣһף͸Եƣ΢ڼԹ죬ǺɫǽɫǻѪҺɫŨҵѪ
֮ǰͬЩѾûأǾվܽۡΧסۿСš
ʱǸܵͳӺСӣôżҪʲôó֪᲻˵ġ
ᵽСһǳ־壬룬ɼţͬʱʦߣҽҪɱ㡣
ǽҲ⣬ԭС㶼֪ˣȻ֪Ӧ֪µĿģΪ磬еʱҲòߵףС㡣
СȻܺ£ڲͣţǱ߽һ˿Ϸ֮ɫ
Сӣ㿴˭
˵꣬һӣһǰһˡ
ѾѪûӦһŮ˿Ѿò
СŤͷһŮ˭ɫ䣬Ŀ޳
СԽ㣬ôˣСԽ㡣˵ţС˹ȥǺʬһһԿš
СܹȥŮʬ壬ϵҡȻŮԶѲˡ
СԸұ峤֪ͨܣֱҶֻ֪СȻûԼߣȤʵȤСѾͷԩСߣȴǰװ׶ǳȻʮֵ⣬ɱŮԶ֣ڶԷ֮ÿһͷȷ˲ǿҵĿС
ǸֵˣΪΪͿԶ£Ȼҹܳ£֮ǰ˳ļƻ˺˲֣˵ŹҲûΣҲһҪľԱСԻҪҡЦϲƿر˵ĸо磬ΨһͳߣȻȻҵļ̳˾ƿ˵ס
ȻҳԱֻҳԱһѡˡ
ʸƿˣֻҪλʱԼǹʱһ֮֮ϣ붼˷ܡ
ȻԵ϶УǱ߾һ鷳ûϵֻҪܵõԱĳϣͿԼ̳нɼףֻҪϽɼףǳĶ֡
뵽ɼףǽҲǸо١
ɼףǿ£ǿʼƵ£֮ͨˣҲ̳Ϊˣݵأܡ
뵽ﻹһҰģҰǲչ¶ֺģ֮泤ȽǿϾɼֻܻ֮ȡ
һγר˶ʮЭնɱǸˣҪ֪ңսǿģΪµƼѣһҲһٶףܵȽϴҪһЩֻʮˣһʮˣǽ󲿷ս
£ʮþȡ
ֵΪǲ˾Ƿˣ˵ʮʮɱˡ
ɱ֮󣬳кƻԷ˵ǴӵˣɱСӣҪȾָλʱˮùȥϳĸǰ׼˵ϵˮϴˡ
Сӣ·ˣɱ㣬ٽǸֵˣ򳤹ˡܰ˰֣һСӡ


ھŰʮ ΢
ǺɱڣСҲˣ֪أ˿̾Ȼ˦һ΢͸ˮɽͬʱһһĽͼˮɽһ⣬ֱǺ
Цһһɽ⿴ǽ֪һ㣬ܣֻϵĺɼױɵֵ
Сֵһᣡܼ״ҲЦһɷӦǸ˽̸Сӵģڽܿв
ֻһ̣˶벻鷢ˡ
ˮ̵Ǻϲûб赲ɴǺ󱳷ɳȻ󽣹һСǰ
ͨһǺһԣرѪѾȾһƬѪ졣
ˮϣһѪûв
ܣ۾ԲһšжӲ˭ǲǼ̣ϻи󷨺֣һķɽôܴ͸
ǾԲܡ
ƫƫƤӵ£ҲС
ĺҲǵһСǰԻķɽɷ
ڣǾȻһ
İСӴ˿Ҳǵɴ۾ͬŸոԼġ
ԼķɽȻնɱһ
ոֻΪߺ޺ͲʣʩչʦһзһţСӱ˭ԼֻǸո֮ôܶԿҾǼʯͷ
ǺһɱĲ
ܶоСӸƭˣСӿ϶ų
һϣʱСǲǰԻ˵ҪִУãֶΣʱȻὫԼ
ʮҲܶԸǲһСһΧһѾСֵܵˡ
ٿСӣڶɱ֮Ѿҡҡ׹βȣϵȻҲֻܽʵͨһȴǷһһѹͦѾ漣ˡ
Źֵǣһڿеˮȴһ̣Сڵֵס۾һڣͷһᣬˤڵء
ʱ鷢ˣһˮȻڿУ֮
ʮ״ʱŲһͣһɽ֮иоľһ׺¶Ը㹻İȫС
ɵӶܿ˿̲ٿˮĸͲСӣˡ
һЩͣ£ĵطۡĴŴ˿̻滺߳һˡ
Ȼ΢΢Ѿ˽⣬û뵽ѰұȻôһҶλĹѪ硣
ĵǣǾȻǽԼҲУǱһӡ
ʵλȷֶΣǽӺλСŪڹ֮䣬ģԼ΢ҲùȨ棬Ͼʤ̭ҵ΢ȥܣֻһĿģǾѰұ
ڵǣӲǰ΢˽΢Ҳûˡ
Ҳ΢൱
ɨһ۽ܵˣ΢һӣҲʲôǰŵСӾͱ΢ץ
ȥǵĳСӽһʦԣǾͱˣ˵ҸһĻᣬԼһ֮ǰһ¯ͻڰǧһɽ֮ڣҲ˭һʱ͵סֻһʱ䣬ڲԸ
˵΢ϣ˦һӣһǿͬǧţײܺЩڣûзӦͱһȥǧ֮⣬·ٸΧǽͽҲǷ·һεľˢɨһ㣬΢վĵطǰһεĺۼ
ۼ֮£һж߽⡣
һٰǡ
ֻܵоתַ·񱼵ţײһȵǷӦѾˤǧ֮⣬мΪǿֱûϢϵҲ·Ұţ̤ǰۣԭҲǵȻ޴棬֮ͬ̱ǵѪˮ˳µķ϶ʳ֪˵Ĳ״
ǽԼҲ˼أһںࡣ
ܴ˿оޱȣԷʲôûпһӰֻһ䣬Ȼͷ·һ㡣

ˣ˲ǵˡҲȻ֪֮սԻΪԷֻһˣͳڣۡ


ھŰʮ ڸ
΢ԾűɵΪ֮£Ҫ˰ǣȻǲסġ
Ϣ֮û뵽ԼﻮѾãҲļƻȻǳ©©ƫƫΪһʧĻڡ
ȻóΪջ𣬸Ǿö˴档
ܵ˿ɲô룬ûۼ˵ԻûʶжأԽֽһ顣
ǼֱǷ˵ãһ˵һ
СԸŮˣſֱӳΪΪŮˣԺܶϣҲر𿴺
С׿Խһ㶼ҵӲڸҪʤһΪСôɳģҲΪҺԴԸ
ܵڡжΡ
˭һҲ޶ȵģ磬ǲܳ쾳
޽ӽӽͳ¡
ô˶ԸһˣȻʧܣܵԼǰжΡ
һ˲Ƕɱġ
ܸ꣬ڳƢѾָƣһӣ֪Ҫ£æ£ʱ˵ȷֶιܣҿȻǽĳһѷɽ׶ֵס
ֻ˵ԷĳһҲǳʧ󣬶ǵʧҲһ˵
ȻһˣһȻƾһܺô˶ԿǸֵ϶Ķ
һҲ˿ֻҪתƵĪеϣͰȫ࣬ʱ֡ʱ˵΢Ļ
ô˵γһû̷𣬶ǳʵ
ǧȷʱֹһ˿Ȼǿڳԣ˵Ҫó½˵ֻҪҵǸĶ¯ͼ̣һֻһޡ˵Ա߼⼸Ҳǵͷ֤Բ顣
ȻΪǸ뵽ʲôüͷ΢壺ǶƽӼҪɽϼѣϴǶ¯֮ȻԳǶ˻ȥ뿴һ۶ѣ˵Ƕͬ죬ԭǸֵҲΪǶʲô
뵽һתжʱðһƲߡ
ֵܣֻҵ˿ģλҪ˵ʸûһܺλᲢ֪ۡλΪɲǸǵģ˿ӦΪߵһλȥԸǸˣʮþȡ
ܣռƻ£ƾ˵Ǵ˻磬ЮǸһ뷨ӶԸһʱ䣬Ǿһʱ䡣˵꣬ȴҲǸ˼ȻԶԸȥĺԼҪԷξϼѡ
ڷ䣬ڳ˵Ҳǲܵ顣
󳤹Ǵ뿪ǰһ֮
ط֪Ҳ֪֮٣Χֻ֪һۻ֮أһɽ
ɽ棬ڿ쵽ɽһұϣѰҵһڡ
˰Ⱥ򣬳ⶴڡ
棬վȣԽһԽĿֲܿ죬ǰǳһƬɫǻҽˮĹ
ҽǽ֮ˮ۶֮ھȻǻ磬˳Ⱥͻ֮⣬ŨޱȵĽ֮˿޴ѨƬҽ棬һ˸ַ׭Ķ¯
ⶦ¯дһ֣˿Ǳַ׭ѹţҪѶҲǼѣ˿̣ۿɼĽ֮˷㼯棬С
΢Ȼϳ˸ַ׭ҪѶĶ¯ԼҪҵĵء
ڱ棬һϥ˺ͳ˲֮ͬ˶Ǵʽ£Դʵ
ȴһͨͨĲ¡
ǲһĲ£һʲ£˸֮һ£һλǽ£ܴ֮ڶǴ˿һ֯£⣬Ʋϣȴ£ˣܽ䴩ϣ֤ԷΪס
ˣæ񣺡塣
ʲô˴˿Ƥ̧ʵ


ھŰٰʮ 
ܻ֮λ壬ʵСˣȻӥĿǱ׼֣ȴһ˵Ĵ磬ȥǲײࡣ
ɫͷһ𣬺һ̣ϴһľ飬ϵ֯¸ĶȻһͼ
λ忴磬޵ǵҵĹ֮ڵĽ֮
λ壬ǾηȻսƫƧ֮أҲܻᱻѰһΣΪ˲Ѱ磬Ǵǿ֣ƿش˵ءڣǵǼ˵ֶΣ˵ޱȣ֪֮мǶ쾳һĸ֡
ʱѾزԴŽɼУҵǼ˵Ķ֣ۿأʱλˡ
ֻһУɱһԷˡ
֮һȻռϷܣʩչֶΣȫɱ
ʱ𣬳֪һֿܲԼǸλ塣
ϵһ㣬ΪλСͶ֮֮ԱǣȻ뿪磬ȥʦѧ˵һ߾һٶꡣ
Ϊ£ҳԱܳһ㶼֮ϣλ뿪ʱ򣬳ûг
ȵȴΪǣһȥһҲĲˣĵλǽ֮֮£ҲûӣҲȥ֮һֱ뿪֮Ѱ˺ܶطݵһɵ£ɷͨ˵޵ɵǴСվϲ̨档
СͶýһϾͱȲ˶Գҵ棬ûҵϣΪҲٺλʵҲǾ£ȴǡǡ෴Ҳ£ȴǾλ߶ϵҪ˺̫ࡣ
һγ֮˴󵨣ΪλҪȡλҲǵõλϿɺͬ⣬һ˺¡
Ǹֵˣ֪Է򵥣ýܺһںκβã˵ƾеǶ˶Է
ڣٷŭҲʧȥǣܻᰴ΢Ҫȥ
ˣصľ͵ʧôΪ嶯ɥʧǡ
֮޿֣ҲΪڡ
Կ϶ԷĶ֡ȻˣֺαԷ˵Ļ
˵ǸֵҪĶǸ¯¯ҪͻģԳ̾뵽֣Ǹ˳
һԽƣֻҪǸ˵ǴӵˣôֽնɱͻҳԱһϢ
Ǿ岻ִ֧Ӽ̳λʱСҲˣԼ̳λΪŮ˳µ顣
³ǹĽԵɵ
Ѱⶦˣԭ΢յ۾һȨģȴǼΪġ
ͷ建̧ͷ˿ڿУѴסıȻ˶һڶԲеĵ⣬ӣҼɽ֮ҲΪ֮ǰҪһ¥ѰȻ֪ⶦģұȥ˺ˡ
һ㶣뿴ȻȥնɱǸˣôӣƺûҪֵ˼
Ȼ֪λ֮жٸ˴ڣһСʲôǵǸѰ·ȻԱڱصãһʼҲҪԴڳ˵Ǹֵ˲Ƿˣǲôŵģֻˣһдʮλ
Ҫ֪ԼȻҲδǰд⡣
Ȼȥˣ˵ʵһĻҲ׳ԷͱϢͽԷնɱ
ǡǡ෴ͷԼǲĴڣ̰ͼҲԼЦ
뿪Ѱʱ򣬿ٸ֣Ҳ˵ĶռȫǿĶһ
Щĸˣֻϵù
ߣȥ˼ƽϣһ۳Ȼһץֱס˲ʩչֶΣŲƶ
ͷһμʶŲƵֶΣֻоǰӰһ䣬˲ͻصǡ
óޱȣҪ֪Ϲȥǻ˶ʱ䣬˵ǺͣЪĸ·û뵽ԼȻգ֮ͻˡ


ھŰٰʮһ ȻҲ
Ȼ֪Լλû뵽Ҫ֪ڵĻɽ֮ؾǺֹ·ҲҪѴʱ䣬Ȼ˲ŲǺεͨ
˿̳ҲǸоԼ֮ǰЩС֮ΪҵѾȴû뵽ǿǵԼǲǾӦѧϰ֮缸Լ϶Ҫڸǿ
ʱ򳤹ҲǸоЩڣ뵽Ϊɷ˵Ӽ֪ķ˶پʱ䣬˵ԼֻҪλʸõǿɼ׽ɼסֻҪõɼףսͻʮʱƿؾսǲԼҪġ
ľӪã֮ڻˣǴʱҲǲ岻ֵġ
ǸֵסĹۡΧѾգ˿ǧΧס
Ҳҹڿֻվڰ֮⡣
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壡СӴСܹǣȻ֪λ岢ϲԼǹ
ԳݣҲΪһСӣοֶӣԵͷǻӦ
󣬽ĿƵ΢ϣ΢ҲǿŶ壬˫Щȡ΢ȵ統УȻôһΪﵽ쾳۷ĸ֣循ȵǣԷͬԣֻһˡ
Ȼ쾳ľҪȷҪһ㣬ȻȻλҲ̸о˵Խʮ㡣
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΢Ļش˵ҫģҾҫģô򵥡Ѿˣʱ΢ûΪκˣΪλӣȻɱԼ΢
ֻҲˣ΢УǶʵ޼ǳʹɱ΢Ͳ⣬ңע޷ͨǰֵܽమΪλȷúССͳһģԷȻҲµȥ֣ʵϣǿԷŹܵܵġ
Ϊ΢ȻǺܲˣټǬԷվ̨鷳ģƫƫװģ˹ģ΢ܺͶԷԸ䣬ʱ΢鲻ãѹûź
һȻҲǸ߶ԷӾҫ˵ģôأ
һȻҲô񣬾㱾˷ĵԵСһһҲһֻһˡǬǶɱ˿֯ƮһɳɫУǳɫͬһ㣬ڶƳ졣
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һԪֻ꣬ʱԲˡ
Ϊ֯˵ϣ΢飬罫Ǭˡ
˿΢һȭǬİҲǳͽ˶Է˵ʵǿĸҲֻһ쾳һʵڲȲ϶֮ҲȲϣֵط΢ȻǲҪκι˼ɡ
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Ǭæ⣬Ҳվǹڵϣԭί


ھŰٰʮ Ѱ֯
ǬΪԱ˵ǺŽ׳ģСҹƳɼףϣǿֻǬȴС棬֮ڵ֮ǿϣ˵֮һٶǰҪɵɷ
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˵꣬ǬȻǹָצҪץԼš
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⸡ͨûлǰֲɰݣ΢ͲǬ˺׾ͽУһͿ⸡Ȼ󣬵ȴʮϢȻЩ󣬵ȴ١


ھŰٰʮ 춴
⸡֮Ҳвɽߵɽֻһһ·壬ɣȻԷ˵ֶǲϵġ
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Ǭϵɽ֮󣬾Ѱңʦ𣬲֯˲ѰɫȻЩ֪Ǻá
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΢ע⵽Ժﻹһ֯ϵĹߣѵõķʹһϿ֪֮ǰǬԷ飬֯˵ȷס˺ܾá
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дĺϸ֯˰ٶǰˣȴһ˷֣֮ϣȻƿһ춴
˽иָĴ˵һǲ촫˵ⲹ죬ľ춴춴֮ѾǳսķΧ춴һ֣ͻȻգֻҪⷶΧ֮ڵһУᱻ춴ɣ׻
Ȼս޴ޱȣһ춴Ҳûʲô֯㾳ˣԲȥᣬֻҪ뿪á
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Ȼ֯˲̼Ϳ̿һӣǾϣ˿֯ղղ춴
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΢ű֮壬˿ʮ֮ⶼܸоǿֲı֮ʣҪ춴ÿһ֮ڣԲΪã̾ͻᱻ춴ı֮飬쾳ĽɸҲһֵס춴ı֮
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΢üͷ̽ȻղǱ˵֯Թ춴Ȼеһʱ⡣
ѵΪֵס춴ı֮𣿡΢ҡͷ˵֯ϵҲɵģĵֵסΣҲԲӲͦзģֱӱ춴塣
Ͼ֯˿ɲһ쾳ɣԷͨǵŶҲδգ֯ɵ֯˵ʱԵλԵڶ΢Ҫ˺ܶࡣ
΢̤ţǰ


ھŰٰʮ ΢
ͱ˲ͬ΢֮֮һǿһս硣֮⣬Դﵽڶ磬ǾڣҲ˵̤ţȻǽǰʵȴǧ֮⡣
һżΪͨĸ΢ûн̸ǣ츳Ѿŵһ統вڶ硣
˿΢ŵڶ춴Բ춴֮Ӱ죬Ȼܹͬڿ춴ı֮ܿţʱǾǴ鷳
ܿ΢ߵǸ춴ǰ˵ϣ֮ڶ΢֮ڴݵΪٸߣҲԿ룬Լֲ˶þͱˡ
΢һ춴ıѾǼΪأپʱݱ䣬ʣԽ棬춴ٶԽ졣
ʱ޴ı֮᳹׻ΧһƬգһƬ֮еĸ΢ǾҲѡ
Ϊ̫֯˷춴֮󣬲ڸһϾס뾡ӣѰʱ䣬֯һ޲춴ղ
ʵϣ˿ղѾǽ춴סˣɲ֪ΪΣ֯ûɲ죬ǲ֪ȥ
΢˽⣬֯˲ְ;ϵˣȻܻѰʱ֯ղ˵Ǵһ޲춴ģڣֻ˵ͻ
΢Ҳûʱȥ֯˵ȥ򣬼Ȼײ飬΢ҲûԹۣ춴ıΧƬ̱飬꼰顣춴Ѿһ룬ղҲ㹻Լ֮˳֮ͣ顣
뵽΢һץͽƯڿжѵղһץס
ղܲ򵥣֯һֱɵ·ۣ˵Ϊ˵ǿԴս磬˿̣Ҳǿá
ഫϹʱ֮õ߲սʯ죬ǲıʹͨȻ֯һ㣬˶ΣղҲһԽϡ
΢ղͬʱһԶ˼ˣ֮⣬һͷڤޣ޼Ϊϡ٣ΣԽ뵽޷ĵط춴֮̽ȡ
⼸ΪǼߣȻҲҿ춴ֻվʮ⡣
һڷڣ췢ƮȻֳһѰ̤ǬȻ磬죬ǿԲıںδ
һͬһЩˣһһŮΪȻǷˣ˿̹ʦ𣬾ǰǰҺʦöˣͻȻһ춴ʦ˵춴޿ɿܣɽӽҺʦֻԶԶ˿ҿȴǷ춴ΧһǱһ沼ƥȻԽ춴ⲹҶһѵõıԾͼæϻʦһҲֻʦʸȡ
еӻﵱǷ֮⡣
Ƕ˵ҲТ˳Ϊĵ˵ͷԱŮ̲Ҷʦ̻壬һ춼ʦڣȻҪʦ𡣡
ãұ㿴ʲôҽŵеڤҲб춴ҲԴȡ˵꣬һ˦̽Ŀȥ
һɫһ䡣
ʱҲǿǱ߾һĿɿڴ
ǾȻһƥ
Ȼûп΢ڲ죬ΪҪȡǼ
ǺˣеʵȻ˭Ҳ֪ͼǵʦǳ
֮ȴ˵֮Īǲң͸Ųá
Ůһ֪ʦˣ¼æʦϢŭǰҺʦʱȷûˣҲǸոշбȥȡˡ±ߵ֮ȥΪʦȡ
һ⻰ɫһЩҲʦ磬ΪȻҲѾǷˣ춴ҿֻСѣ֪ʲôͱ޾֮ȻΪãǲƥȻˣﻹû˭ȡұȥȡɡ
˵꣬һǾ޴ڤǷ˹ȥͬʱҲǽ̤Ǭ


ھŰٰʮ һŭն
ȻҸȥʦ̫쾳Ľɸ֣ڤ޸ţǽ뿿춴Ҳû⣬ȴУһ̾
ʦ֣˺ڶᱦǲ춴ʱ򿴳һߣС˵
죿ôܣഫֻϹʱ֮ɲͨһֻҲ䣿ҿһҪ߱ãʦʶȤӦ뿪ȥᱦСˡȴһϷı顣
˵֮䣬λʦѾǷٹȥ˷ڤޣȥǲƥȡ
ڤʮ㣬ȻöĻζȥͬһӹȥצץղ
΢߽̤ţȫղ޲һ޴춴ʵ΢Ѿòסһ춴ֻҪټһͿԽ춴ȫⲹϡؼʱ̣Ա߾Ȼðһʮɵޣͨ͸ȴǿԿڵļ׵һȴǳ˫ͬһˮۺһ׵һ
˲˼ǣ޾Ȼ춴ı֮һצͽղץס͵ĳȥ
΢ʱ쵽˹ؼʱ̣һĻȻǼˣҪ֪öԷղ֮ǰһеŬͶ׷ˡ
΢ָһһ羢ԷצӵһԣöԷ޵צץһա޼ΪһץУ̾۷ץһ¡
΢Ȼŭ
Ҫ֪춴ϵشһϣΣıΧԲС£öԷƻԷƻ
΢һһͬͭǽڣǽײɳȥ
ʱ΢Ҳ˵ģԷڲԶ̤һԲֳַڿԼ
󵨹ޣȻҶڤ޳֣Ǽܶᣬȴñ˶ᣬܰԵãȻˣǾݹֱɲˡ˵꣬ʹڤ޵ǹ޳֣֪ȤſͰˣʶȤͽ˺顣
õڤ޿һǰȥ
΢ץղ÷޲һ춴ӦڤޣȻԷӳȫʵڤش΢ԷƿȻ֮ǽ춴ϣ΢̲ǰ
ʱֳַ̫Ҳüͷһ壬Ȼǿ⣬ԷȻڶȡǲƥڣ죿
ѵڲ죿
ܣʲôΪΪٸߣⲹҲǹ⿴Ϊܲϵģ֮ɣû˵˭бܲġ춴ֻ춴ױ֮ǰжԶԶûķӵġĿ¶֮ɫûж֣ΪԼûбҪ֣ڤӡ
һ̣ڤץסᣬ͵һצץһۿҪ΢ȫϵ춴ȻΪ˺һղ¶һӡ
ۿҪɹͲôһ㣬΢Ϳղ춴ڣղһǣһǵĿȱȻǲܲˡ
һȻ춴󲿷ֶϣ©һ㣬΢֪˵һ㣬һ϶ûв϶Уʱ䳤ˣһ춴
֪ˣ΢ȴһ취ûˡ
˲䣬΢ŭա
ӷôһ춴ϣû뵽ȻͷϣҲҪˡ΢ɱӿ֣ڤҲΣգҲ壬Ȼǲ˷ɱ΢
̫ڵ̲ԣҪڤٻȥȻһ
ڤһצץ΢ؿڣ΢˿̤̽ţԷһ··ץڿУһ̣΢һ̤ʧȴǶһͼ΢һնԱ۴Ȼն¡
һаɴСĺɫȻն£Ȼ·ǽնһ㣬ڤޣҲǶܲһɫնš
ԭڤӵתʵֶͨΣҲ˵һЩЧȻ֮ǰûűɣ΢һɫɷնն϶Է֮һСڤ޿ʵתҲܲסһնɱ
һڤ޾ͱһΪ󱻺ɫɣӶûʣһ˿
һжֻǷɲǣǸһҲǲȻŭ
ոҲˣɾȻڶᱦڲ죬˵çײˣұΪʵһ㣬ȴû뵽Ȼ죬ڤ޿϶Ƕ֡
ˣڤޱһնɱ겻òڤޱϾϡޱȵޣ̫Ҳֻôһ磬˿̱նɱưոݡ


ھŰٰʮ ̫
ɱӿ֣зس˦һɨһɻͬʵʵĽ˦ͬһ΢
ŭ΢ǱҲãȻһŭ֮½ڤ޸նˣ΢ȴ֪նڤޣҲ޲ʣһ춴
ȻԼ֮ǰŬҲǰ׷ѣһЩʱ䣬춴Ҫ֮ǰ״̬Ҳٵһꡣ
綼ʱΧڽӡһбԱģΪⲻ֪˴һͷƻ¡
ԷŭԹĴ֮ȻΣҪ֣΢ƢܿԷҪǱ
Կ˶֣΢һۣȻֻһ֮ң̤ţԷĽɫٳҲɨ΢
һգҲͫһȻԷõֻ֪ƽԳΪ̫ɽ´ǺҲûбҪǣΪһƬǧ֮ڣ˸̫ΪС
ԣ֪ԼĲԣʱҲܳϣǶԷĴ
һҰɣӶᱦﵹҲˣȻ̫ڵڤնɱڸģҵһеɷˡһУŭһҪԷ
˵ʵһҲһ㷢ģϾɿȥܲ򵥣춴֮һȻв֮ܣ϶ǲ̫ǡԼγԿ̫󣬲˵ò˵ŵڤȥҲýֻǽƵ
ڶԷǲģԼкιϵ
˵ȥҲû˻š
һѾ뵽һжεķӣʱ˵ͽܷһ춴̽ʱȴа춴ĳλϹŴܲµķӡΪ˲ԼŴսһնɱԼǵ޹й͡
뵽һͷѾǼᶨޱȣǾǽʹ֪ԵǱˡ
̫ڣ΢üͷһ壬Ȼ֪̫ڣ˵սмΪһɵţе̫һģͬһ㡣΢֪̫Ҳɵ֮һȴû뵽֮ڵһ쾳ĸ־Ȼ㱰ɣߵڰס
ʱԷֹ˹õĽɱУȻҪԼأ΢ŭ嶥һոᱦģղΪһ֮һ֪֮ǴȴߵڰɱһٺƢҲᱩŭ
֮ţצ
΢˫˲ӿ΢һ޴Ĺţצӿץǵһ
߻ӿ֣ɷǣɵĲɣ˿̼״ҲǬʢӶ˲ͬһҫ֣ҫգȻҲһԵޱȵһǬԿ΢Ĺ֮š
˿̴ԶɼһƺǴһ΢Ǳ߹ɭɭ˹֮ʣ϶аһ
ʵǡǡ෴΢죬飬һΪһȴˣʵС
΢ǾűɣΪȻ˵һҲ̫ڵľ֮һ쾳ɣǿᣬ˶Ȼƺƴ
ԶһĵӴ˿̼״ҲͷĹˣȻԺʦһ൱
С֮һܱȵɵǹ쾳ĽҲԲǶ֣˿̣ǹɾȻǿӲԼĽʦ˲š
ʱԶʮĽ٣ɲ֮䣬ʮλ˽ٴ˴һǵæǰ
硢죬̫𣡡̬ȹĲˣΪЩ˶ǶᲢ۵ģͷǸڣ̫ںڰ׶֮һ̫𣬲Ȼ֮ΪʵҲֻǰ벽ΪҲ˵ֻ벽Ϳ̤쾳
ȻΪͨ
λ̫һ̫ڵĵӣϵǵһһϵˣٿԶҲüͷһ塣
ʦʲôΪλ˶̫ʵ
һ̫Ҫʮһε۵ᣬ̫Ϊ̫ڰ֮ȻҪӭӹͣͬ˿̸ģǼΪɵܺɢޡ·ӦŹֵһ˶
ʱ࿴һۣȻ˵ʦһᱦģǲɵոҲǸƺڶᱦڲ졣
һ룬˵ʦһȥƻ˼Ҳ춴ɱҪ⣬̫ǰ䣬֪Ƕꡣһתǳ̫ʦˣǱһ춴һʦڤ޹ȥ̽ȴ֪ΪǹͻȻ𣬽ڤնɱʦ


ھŰپʮ ̫
ⷬȻû˵ʵΪ˵ʵǱؾᣬ˵Ƕ˿֪״̬һһ©ҲԲȥ
ò˵תĿ죬ԱҲǰĴָ˵ĺãôһͳ˶ԷǸɲأ޹նɱ̫ڵڤޣôʦ֮ҲС
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̫ͷһ֪Է˵һΪ˵˿һݺսǧˣǱ֮һϣλɶңܸߣܺ˵˵ģȻԿ϶ǲ֮ǳԴ֣֮֯һû
Ҳ֯ɴֻһֱԵ˵춴붼Ǳ֯ɷⲹģȻǰˣ춴Ψֱ֮֯ϵԲȥ죬Ϊ춴һ̮ȻὫΧ飬ʱٻ޹֯ɵһĺ¡̫Ҳǳ̾
ٿǰڶ֣ȴ뵽Īǵһȥ̽ʱ򣬽ǹɵĺ£ԶԷһŭ֮¶֣
ǹʲôĪǴǿԲ֮⣿춴ûбȫϣǲĺ£
뵽̫Ѿ˳ɼ֪ʸǶ׼ȥ̫͵ڶɼЦλɼҵѣǰ涷Ǹ̫һλ쾳ɸֵһȥʾô£ͷλԺƬ̡
ЩɼһҲЦ̫ȥ޷Ҳ֣ǹȻԹ֮忹쾳ɣʵǲ˼飬źɽһΪߣѾǰ˱ɣĪǺɽ棿
ȻЩɼҲ֪ǰʱȫһ֮ʱȫɽȥ絷ң΢նɱϾЩֻȫһΪˣƫԶ֮أ֪ľˣ֪ȫһ֮ûнϸȴǲ֪
ɽ棿̫һȴһ˵Ǻɽųƹ֮棬ҿҲ䣿һΪһĹˣǰȥɽնɱû뵽ȻҰ
Ȼɽܲã̫һǼ𣬱һ˵뵽Ǹ͵һĹɾǺɽ棬ΪĹɱ˵쾳ֶҪսҲܣһĹɣ̶ȣҲս棬һշ籩ȥͿԽǵ崵ɢ˵͵һ
һΪ̫̫ѹһǧ߰꣬쾳統ҲٮٮߣҲֻкɽ˱ɲʸ
̫һٹȥҲ֪֮ǰֻǲ²⣬ûɱ֣ǴȽԷס˵Ǹ˵ĺɽ棬϶ŹԷ
Ȼ̫ԼΪͨţиµķǾǲм˵ȶ֣ΪоԵŰѿؾ档
ֻϧ̫һʧˡ
ͻȻս֣һһ̫һٶ֣ȻԼҲ쾳ɣȴײ̫̫ܶ࣬ȻҲ쾳Ѿǰ벽̤쾳ż̫ڣ֮һλߺܶ࣬ȻǲΡ
΢ȴ˭֮ǰһƻļƻ΢ͷϣ֮ǰѾռϷ磬ʵ΢ǿԻܵһģ֮ǰ΢ҲǺķ̫Ϊűһ˸ˡ˿̼˲֣ҾȻǳԼҪסԼ΢öԷԸ
ۼԷץ΢һ࣬һһ˳ȥǧɾ룬û뵽ԷƺһֱţԼǰ
ۿҪץסԼ΢֣ԷֲһץȻžž죬ͻռϣռڶԷǰֱһ㲣ֱ顣
ȻǴǧ룬ֱץ΢ɱ塣
΢ͫһͷһĶ֣ȻͻľϺͿռϣ˵ͨ൱
ǧһ֮ʣ΢˫
ǧӰռ󣬿
΢˲˷ʩչ˲˷ðӰǳྵһϣͬԹӰӿ΢һ²⽫ԷײǽΧռңԷΪٸߣҲҲԼλãץ


ھŰپʮһ һ
̫˿Ҳ¶ݣһʼû뵽ԷȻÿռ䷨壬£̫ܳΪ̫֮һҲǰ׸ģһץȥҲǴ˲ĿռͨԷ֮⣬ץԷ
ɾȻ˵ҶԼ֣̫ɱ
Ѿ϶ԷǺɽ棬ΪĹɲͨŭҫ죬ߣָΣһɽһ졣
˵νһ̣˲ͬٲһ㣬ƺȻը
΢Ƥһ֪ԷѾᲢˣǲҲֻǲһѡ
־ԾűɵΪҲвΪԷ⽣һһ죬һ֮ңҲ˵Լ֮Ҳδܶùȥ
Σ
ֻǴ˿̶Է΢Ҳֻܲߣ΢һгаľɽ΢Ѿʹã˿Ϊʩչǿʽ΢Ҳֻܶá
һˮǧˣ󣬵εˮ⡣΢Ȼǲ˷޽ˮ淨ԼĽ⣬һʩչһ⣬ǧκ棬Կ̫ɱС
΢ԾűʩչֶΣȻҲʮ㣬ǵһĿɿڴɼҲɫһ䡣
ʲôͨ
ʲôʱɽȻҲֶΣ˼飬˼顣
СģλǵĽƸߡ
һ˵һѾʩչͨΧס
һ̣Ƴײһ𣬷޴춯ֲĳӳȥ֮⣬ҲҲҿһλɼ޿ͨǵֵǷˣ¶⽣֮£Ҳʮ
ˣǶҲŵĻɢ̫󣬶Ҹû뵽ǸɾȻ̫ڰС
ҲЩ̫ˡ
ʵǶ˶ܿ⣬Ͳ˵Ǽλɼˡ
Ծ
ôԾ
ɽǰ˱ɲ٣ʲôʱ˱ҲλǾð˱ô𣿡
԰ⲻǰ˱ɣ϶ǣ˱ôǹǴ֮һˡ
ǼǼɾǲǺɽ棿ʲôΪ
ӦǺɽ治٣ûΪĪǣǺɽ˾űɣ
űɣܣ˵ɽһֱǱںɽУѾû˼ˣ˵ʱֻأ˾ű䡣
̫üͷ˿һֻһ̫䡣
Ҫ֪̫䣬Դ̫ڣȻɵʿҲ̫䣬ʣıԴ϶̫ڵ̫Ϊڡ̫̫ڵ֮һʩչ̫Ѿ¯࣬ƾˡ
˵±̫𶼿á
̫סɽԱߵһһӦһתǼͷæǰڣոǹɲ֪ʲô·춴Աƻⲹ񲼣Ȱ裬ǵֹɱڤնɱ𷣡
һȻǵһң˵˵΢˵һˣԼ˵ɺˡ
һ±¶ֻҪȥԼӣȻһὫǹھͺãʱ֪
տ̫סɽһæֵΪǹɽߣձɡ
仰ڹά
̫ȴЦ⡣
ոնУ̫ͬʱʩչ̫䣬ԷһаɭɭɽסΪͬʱǣƶԷû뵽ԷǹɾȻͬʱʩչ䣬Ȼǽ̫סɲǡ
Ȼֻɲʱ䣬Ҳ̫оޱȣԷ֪УȻǴȥ
˿ΪԷǱߣ̫֮ԷȻнһ¸ȴǰһ֡
Ȼ˵ԷٴԼȻӮߣҲ˵Է򵥡
ʱ̫һĻûпֻȡаľɽ˿⽣а
˿Ҳ͵͵һ䣬֪ǹ޿Ǻɽǰ˱ɣдϲ˵Ǻɽ棬ǾûˣԷǶеĶʱԷʵ飬Ҳû˻
Ͼ˭һӯĹɣ
һԼԷˮҲûκ⣬뵽һд󶨣ҲǴˣһʼ֪Էڲ죬϶ȥţϾǴ󹦵£Ź¿ҪǴġ
ԷնɱڤޣõһŭգŶһʵϻЩĵģڣˡ
ֻһ̣̫һ仰ȴͷһ


ھŰپʮ ľҶ
ԣ˲ǰ˱ɣ˱ҿնã˾ȻԺҶƬ̣Ǿűɣɼ¡̫˿̳˵
űɣ
һȻһԷȻǾűɣϸһ룬ֲöԷԺԼ൱ռϷ磬ԭǾűɡ
Σհ̫ǲԼͶԷȥǺǡ
Ѿȶ
ʱһɼ޿˿Զ춴ȱڣ춴ҲǴֻһͿԲϣǺɽʵڿɶ񣬾ôһ㣬ͿܶΧΪһ֮˽ʵǸ
ûҿǺɽȻ̰ͼⲹ첼Ҫ´ߣҲҺ̫ڵĵһֹͲֻǿôһСӵˣ춴Ǳˡ
λɼңβܲ춴ȱڣǴ󹦵£֮Ҳӻ
̸װȻ֯ģǱȥѰ֯ɣ棬Ӧÿ޲ȱڡ
ûûȥ֯ǰ
ЩɼԣһľԼ֮ǰ̰ͼǲ첼Բܱ¶̫ǵһƹԼ
Ǹɽ棬ɱԲšһа˵
ʱ̫˿춴ȡһȻһƬҶͼ̫䣬һ̣һƬҶӹȥ󣬾Ȼǽ춴ȱһ¶ס
⣬ԭʼҶӻҲľժµ޼֮һһĻ°ͶˣȻϵóһƬͨҶļֵ̫ı˵ǿٵ֮ǰδ֮ʱһŻϵһƬҶӣ˵̫ͨһֱǽ䵱벻Ϊ˲һƬ©̫Ȼ
̫һУȴûб¶ʲôᣬǵɣΪľǽ飬һܾȰֵá
˵ֵ꣬λɼҵѣλˣǽҽλ͵̫ڣ۵֮ұҪȥһ˺ɽǺɽնɱ
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ʱҵҲ̫׵һǰȥǺɽ档
Щɼһ̫Ȼб²죬ҲǸ߿һۣԼԼ֪̫Цλ춴ȱڣȻûҶʱϣҲְֻܼʱ䣬֮ǻᱻ忪ʱ϶ӻ⣬£̫һܵס
һɼ޶ǵͷޡ
ˣλƲ̫ڰɡˣȻټ̫ɻգһߵʱŤͷһۣдɫ
Զ֮΢̤ţɫء
Ȼ֪̫ڣŶɺ̫Ҳûʲô飬û뵽ԷһûһǺö
һһһİˣԷտһ΢֪УֻߣԷסԼаľɽ΢ҲԿסԷƬ̣л̤ʧ١
΢֪ԼûӺͶԷ˶ֻԺֹˡ
΢˿̤̽ţʩչ͸ңԶľ뿴ȥҪԷǲǻڡ
ȻǿһˣЩѾ뿪
һ΢Źͨصȵķֻʣһ춴Ȼǲˡ
΢ϸһ̷һƬҶҶϵϢΪأ΢һϤ׽ĸо
ľ΢ܿ췴ӦľѾںΪһ壬Ȼ̸Ӧ
ʱ΢Ҳߣ춴һȱڣԴͨľҶȻ޲ְӦû⡣
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Էʲô˼
ΪŰȻ£Ҫʲô
΢Լ֮úǰһЩ棬Ͼ΢;Ŷ̫Ȼ죬ٶһЩ̫ڵ顣
̫Ϲ̫ɵţ̫һҲ꣬Ϊڰ׶ڣ̫һ¹䣬ɵڡ
Ȼо֮ǰʲôᣬ΢Ҳȥʲô춴Ѿʱϣ΢ҵؾŶȻǵ֮֯޹ʧȴҲ΢Ϊ⡣
춴ϣ΢Բ֯ˣƫƫǲһӣ΢֯˵˽⣬ԷԲ;ϣȻķѰʱ֯ղ
΢϶ʱ֯ڲʱ򣬷֮飬飬֯˵ʧ١


ھŰپʮ ڱȥ
΢˵һع⾵УԿȥ˿Լ֪֮֯ǰﲹʱʲô
ֻǾŶҲֻ˵ûм֪ںС
΢ܿ뵽һ¡
Լͨ
ͨ΢һ֮õֶͨΣʱͨۿһЩĹʱ΢֪Եɣ΢ףԼͨһ֣ȥۡ
ֻȥ۲ȫѣһֱ΢ҲֻǱͨ˿̸պ֯˵飬Լͨȥ۵׼Կȥҳ֯ʧٵܡ
뵽΢ʩչ֮صԭǸɽۣ壬ȴ棬ǲǬڵϣֹ
ôˣ
΢ȥƣǬ߽ҵһš
žȻǬģȻ֪֯Ǭ϶ѰԸš
΢ȡһ֪ǬΪο
֯˵ǬʦͽԵѾǲǬţ˵ʧܣұȻǳ˲ӣòǬĪҪѰΪʱɡ
ֲòǬö쾳Ϊ޳ӡ
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Ǭ֯˾ޱȣв֮
ǰʦѾˣǰ̽ԵɣʦΪܳ⣬϶ǰҳˣǬҲҪʦѩޡǬҲһТ֮ˣ˿ҧгݵ˵һ˵һ˿ͷ
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ȥһҪһͨԿʦ𾿾ʲô΢һǬҲֹסͷ£šڹ΢΢ʦ𱨳Ҳڹʦʦѧֻ֮ƽϢġ
΢ҲûǬТ˺£ֻҪɹһպΪ
΢ٵ飬Ҫʩչڶ֮ͬʱΪͨܲȥۡ
ȡ΢ҲýʲôֱԵӡʮӡʩչڶ֮
ǧ⣬΢ڣȻȻǿҲع΢壬΢ɵΪ
ۣҪ쾳׿ԽҲٵʮ꣬ѰҪһżȾʹӲԪľҲ絽쾳׿ԽҲûʮ굽겻ȵʱΪһţ붴쾳ɾ֮λ
û΢ҲûãҪʱͻƶ쾳ǲܵģǴ˿̱˿ܡ
ڶ֮¯ɻ尲꣬¯ͨޱߡ̩ɽбڣǬ񾫣ɶڶַ괺֮𵤣ִض
ͼ΢Χһ𶦣ʵʱ΢ʩչڶ֮ѾǽؾŶбڻ
һ̣΢֮ڶںǬ취ɵУ֮ɾˣ˶˶취Ҳǿռ֮ɾͶ쾳
쾳֮ǿˣǧ֮һȭɽӣȻҲֻǳĶ취򣬵ȴҪȷǿ̫ࡣ
΢ű˵Ѿǿ쾳̫࣬΢˿̶ҲǱҪߵ·ֻжпܼһ컯쾳ɾͽɡ
쾳ɣҲг𣬹ͨ΢ⶴոճ֣ͱԼľű֮ѹ˻ȥ
һ㶴΢Ҳ˷ѣͨкãһΪʵڡ
˿̶쾳ɣ΢Ҫľڶ֮ͨ
һ΢仯˫Ŀ֣ͫϾ۳һͼ
ͨ
һ΢˫ĿȻһƬ⣬ĿȻӿᵱеһľǱճ
ǱճĻȴûжðֻһķ


ھŰپʮ ԰֮
֯ľͨʵκһóȥһַˡ
˵΢˫Ŀ˲ճľƺͨͨľȴǷ纣ľ졣纣λս缫֮أХϨǵطʯͷʱ䳤ˣᱻ紵ɵͬһңڷ纣Уȴľ֡
ľľһһľҪɲҲþ꣬ͨľĵʮȽ
ܶɼ޶ϲľΣܽʵãҪǣΪõʱ䳤ˣΪ
֯ľǧ꣬Ѿ̺δƻ΢˫ĿһȴǺ谭մľ¿Կذ壬֪
ڶ֮ҲֻзͨŶؾŶõľǷ
΢ΪԶԶﲻŶɵĳ̶ȣҲֻżãͬ˿ͨ۹ȥۡ
ڱͻƵ쾳ͨҪѣҲǸֻͨоŶܰ쵽΢Ϊﵽ쾳ҲǿһͨҲΪΣ΢ҪȽΪ쾳硣
˫۱ϣͫת濴Կ΢˫۲λе֣ʣĪ⡣
΢Ȼ۾˿ȴ·ԿһУ˿˫ͫߣͨڷĴ֮£Ҳ仯
֮۱Ͳͬڳˣɵ֮Ҳᷢ仯һˣ۹·׾٣еĿһۿǧ֮ľеĿ΢۲죬Ưڿһ΢·֮֮۴ͨ΢ͨǱ֮۸ǿһЩԿһȼԿľǷʵ⻹⣬ľǹȥۡ
˿̣΢÷𣬽ȥ۵ͨһҪʱá
Ҳ΢Ϊ˶쾳ֻǷˣ˵ͨʩչ
ͬ΢űǿԱȼ쾳ɣɵһЩͨͬ޷ʩչ𣬾űɾŪ΢ɵֻǶ쾳ⶴ쾳ȴǷ֮ǴȻ΢֪һΪͻƵ쾳磬ôΪͻھű֮ϡ
ҪͻƵ쾳磬ɾͽ֮΢֪Լкܳһ·ҪߣٻһؾŶĸпܡ
ã΢˫Χ߲ϲȶһ̣΢۾ͼ˫۵з˻ƣ˫ĿתȻڿµӰ⡣
˿΢˫Ѿ֮ǰͬ
ͨԸȷĹ۲
Ǹ΢˫Ŀľ˿΢֮ͨڲ˿СϪȴǶľڲǽҪ̴ľϵȻš
ȻҪ˶ãľͻΪһնסȥ
΢ʱִ̧һľϢľѾ΢Ϊһ壬һϢȥ֮Ȼ޷ֲȴǿ޸ľ϶ѵ˿˿һľ㲻
ֶУǿڣҲʩȣͨİ֮΢һ̣һʩչȥۡ
΢˫Ŀз˻תǿתʱһ㡣
һ̣΢е緢仯һӰ΢֯ˡ
Ӧ֮ǰľ֯ˡߡǬ֮󣬱ţоһҹ
һҹ֯˶΢Цڳ˼ڸӦ֯˾Ȼڵ
֮֯Գɣɲƥϸ΢֮ȴһ̺֮ͬ⣬Ϊˣҷ֮֯λԵڶ˷֯첹ղȻжδĸӦ֮˷Ҳ̺֮գ˵Ӵ˽٣춴ȻͿ̿ҸӦδգѷˣ޺Ȼ˲Ϣ䣬δ֮Ҳһ䣬Ӧδδػ档
˵꣬֯˴Ųղ
΢һҲǽ֣һ̣΢Ѿǵ֮ǰ춴ڣȥۼɨӹȥ֮£ɼ֯ڴ˴졣
ȥ춴ȱھ޴󣬱֮Ӱ֯ȻΪߣҲޱȡ΢Ȼ֪ǹȥ֮£ɿľ֯˺ò׽춴¹룬춴֮ƴסʱͻȻ
ǿҪµ춴УȻͻȻһ޴԰׵֣һץ֯ˣ⧲ȻǱǲ԰֮һ½ץƣת˲֮䣬ͻɢ


ھŰپʮ ӦĶ
΢ҲǱȥһĻһ˵΢ĿǰľΪмʶѾж΢ľ
Ǵ˿̿ͻȻ춴Ĳ԰֣֮΢Ȼ̲סľǲ԰֮ǰɫƬſֲƻ֮֯˵ĻȻ޷赲Ƭ̣ǿһ½֯쾳ɱ
̫ˡ
֣֣֮࣬΢ܸоһ˿֮ҪӱŰ
һץ֯ˣǲ԰֮Ż춴˻ȥͷ·ûгֹһ㡣
΢֪ԼΪȥȻԿȥ֮£ܸӰ죬΢֯˶Եֵǲ԰ֵ֮һץԼǾűɣҲδܱ֯˸
ͬвǲ԰֮֡
ֻΪԼʱǲ԰֮ûг֣֣΢϶ԼԻ֯һԷɱ
ʱ΢⿪ȥ۵ͨǰһָֻ
춴̤֮ĵط벻ȻҲж˱ŰײУǲ԰ֵ֮˾ǺˣΪλԵ޹ʶ֯ɱ֣΢ɫѿǲ԰ֶ֮оһļ£ֻͨȥ۲鿴о԰֮ǻǻҵıŰ֪֮ǲ԰֮־Բ򵥡
ֻǴ˿춴Ѿϣ΢Ҳܽ춴֮һ̽΢ˣ΢ʲôˣлᣬ΢˵ʲôҲý˽ᡣ
˿΢ΪѾǶ쾳Ϊ֮󣬿ʩչɵͨҲ˺ܶ࣬Һ;űʱ岻ͬؾŶֻӦ
΢ĻӦؾŶУĶ䡣
ؾŶоŶͨĶ΢аһģԭܼ򵥣ĶȻﴫɱֻҪΪ㹻Ҳ˵΢ֻҪ̤붴쾳磬þŶɵĵͨӦĶڡ
Ϊˣаյġ
΢˱˿Ѿ˽֮÷ţԾɳ֮޼᲻ݣ˱ͨ
ҵĶô΢ĶͨţΪҲٳ߸ͷһ
ĶĶȻͨǶսʱռƵĲš
ĿӦһ΢ȻԼϣԶ쾳ΪӦĶһ˿Ϣ֪Ķ˿ڷλ
΢ûǰǬǱ΢Ҳý䡣
һ̣΢գ֮䷵Ǹɽۡ
Ǭţ΢ڶͨȥۣҲȥһʱ䣬û뵽Ǭһ¡
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Ǭɡ΢ʱ򿪿˵Ǭ߽ڡ
ǰǬ΢ڰֵöм£Ҫ˵
˵꣬΢֯ȷϢ֪ǬȻ֮ǰѾ֪ʮа˾Żˣ΢ȷǬ쳤Хʹ޲ѡ
λο࣬Ѱ֪һ죬䣬𣬼Ȼ̤ɵֺ̫һ΢ʱ˵һ䡣
Ǭ˵ͷֹסǰ˵ǰʦҲô̵ң̤ɵһпʹ黳˱ԹԹҲɵԻǰңǺ˺ʦˡ
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΢ѹû߶Է
۲Ǭΰ΢˵ҲΪ֯һ㴫롣
Ǭ㲻ҪˣҲ㣬Ϊãʦĳлˣ㣬Ҫű𣬲¸㣬Ϊﵽʦǰ㾳磬ȥҲһ˭㶼֪úý֯˵Ĵзȥʦı΢̬ȼΪᶨǬҲɵ֪΢ȷΪԼãǵͷǰҶˣҲˣȻҰļ󣬵ɵԲǷǣ϶ȫСִ硣ңӽ󣬾ѧϰʦµĹͨʦ֮֯󡣡
ã΢Ҳǿ˿ģ룬ȡ£ô˵ԼЩҲΪ֯һ顣
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֯µƷǲķ²پڵ֯˵ĵãһı֮ڴǱҲ
΢Ҳ飬ҪȥĶλ̽ѰңڲǬ֮£̤ʧ١


ھŰپʮ ǬԪɽ
սɵܳưһµȴǲࡣ
һսϲ֮أ̫ͷڣȻǬԪɽɵ̫һʦү̫ǺһɾȫɾƽƽϹŴɣŴеҲˡ
ΪһƬǧսɵʥأȻȻΪĴڣΪ˴̫һ̫Ҳÿʮ;һκⶴ۵ᣬšɼԼһЩһǰ⣬дǵʢᡣ
ӣձ۵Ὺʼӣ̫߲һˡ
λˣһ˺£һ˰£̫ںڰ׶ڵ𣬰Ȼ̫
⼸ɼ޶ѾǬԪɽ˷̫нԼµĹأִ̫ϴңһοֵ̫ˡڹ΢΢Ц
ַģִ֮һ̫䷨⡣̫˵
һۺҲã̫䷨Ȼ㣬ͨ޼Ҵ䷨ʦ̫̫Ǵ˵ԴԽá
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˵̫Ȼ࣬ȴǼ
Ȼڰλݣ쾳Ͷ쾳ȻҲᷴԣǳѡĺá
ϸڶʱʲô˵ǰ̫㽫Ҷȥˣ
һ⻰̫߲˶ͷһ
ǰӷ飬ȻҲţԭܼ򵥣Ϊһ¼̫
һڤޣ̫ڣҲֻôһ磬ξȻǱնɱȻ𿴹ڤ޵ĵһƣɺ޵նɱڤ޵ˡ˵Ǻɽ棬ɽܲã˵ǶӯԶ
֪¿϶꣬ǺɽǰаԵҲˣûи̫Ӱĵ̵ңһΣԷˣһնڤޣһ̫ưոݣ
һ̫Ҷ
ǿǱڤ޻ҪĶҪ֪Ҳ֮Ϊľľ֮棬֮ǿûκαᲢۣ̫Ҳǽ䵱óá
һΣ˵Ϊ޲춴ΪΧ飬̫𲻵ó޲춴
Ǵ󹦵£᲻ãҲ˹̫
׷ԴҪŪ춴ôģϢͨѾ̽˵ǺǸɽйء
˵һλ֯ɵɵһֱﲼƥ춴סѾల£ǺɽȻҪǲıﲼƥŽͱһ
ʱһڤȥ̽ɽ˵ͽڤնɱ͵һɱԷҲǰ˱ɣųƹ棬Ϊͨ죬Ҳ
Ϊˣ̫ϵԲѲûҶ춴
һȥ¶㵽˺ɽͷϡ
ʣ̫ڶǺɽ浱˱ɱ֮УֻΪҪ׼۵ᣬʱûȥԷ۵̫֮Ѿ˵ˣȥɽɽնɱ
ʱ̫Ҳ֮½һҲüͷ塣
֮ǰжţȻˣ۵֮Ҳ̫һȥǸνĹ档˿ҲɱڣȻΪһɽ棬̫һεʧʵЩ̫ˡ
λǺɽ֪ܣȻԳƹ棬Ҳ䣿Ƕ֪ǵϾ󼧣󼧲Ĺ棬ɽϹ󼧹֮µһӶѣ󼧣ʸöλݣһɽ棬ȴֵöλ֣ɱţ£ҵһһԸȥնɱǺɽ棬Ĺһһֱעλ̸˭龿ô£ԾԲǺɽʵ飬̫ȥɱԷԷѱʵ飬̫ţҲʵʱ˵ʵ飬ԼذϷ
뵽һţҪҪԼͽҲ
С쵰ԼȥʲôҲһɧѾߵһֻһ·ߵڣֻҪɽʵԶ֪ˡ


ھŰپʮ ̫鶴
һԼ̣˿ֵ̱ȴǴȻò̫ͬŹĿ࿴˵һƽ˽Ǻٳͷʲô飬˿̾Ȼֵ˴ȻĪΪ˳ƣ
Ҳк͵һԸ쾳а²һ϶д㣬ǺɽҲһ֣ԶһξȻֵ̫ߣ˵Է򵥣һȻҲ쾳ɣ̲̫һ㣬ȥַɽ滹δǶԷĵ֡
һ㣬һ֪ܲ˲²һǴ̫ڡ̫鶴⡣
Ҫ֪̫̫꣬뿪֮ԭ򲢷λڰ
̫λȻ֮Ϊ𣬵ʵ϶ֻǰ벽쾳Ϊϸ˵ֻ쾳ɣֻҪѰ쾳ˡֻǿ쾳ɣ̫ܳ
̫ĵ̣ǡ̫鶴е̫µ֮棬̫ɽ˽Ѿ飬̫鶴鶴л˵һѣǶ
һҪȥɱɽ棬ûгֵļһ϶Уһ˵λΪȥ̫ɽĽʹ͵һ鶴һ˵ⲻܣһŴţ˵ܵõ鶴ʹͣԱ˲žһթ
ǻûһ
һﲻҲȷǴӡ̫鶴ŪһöȻδʮսɽնɱ
̫ڵˣĸ֪̫鶴ĸ֪鶴Ϊ׵ıǵֵ̫̫ɽ
˵鶴Ѿϰ֮иඥڣ̫ɽϲɸ鶴ƽȴ̫˿˵൱Ե
˼ҰԵаԵıǮΪ̫ɽǻڹ̫λ֮ϡ̫鶴ĺȻҲ˿ӣ˵һԵҪ鶴һãȥ֮ûٳ
Ҫ֪λҲ쾳ĽɣΪҾͨݷʱ̫˶Ϊ᲻ٿȫˣ϶ǰٷְ鶴Уӽ󣬱û˭ȥӲ鶴
˵鶴нԱЩԱ֮ҲΪ鶴飬̫ڲ˸Ұ
̫һ˵Ҳе̫֮ȥɱǸɽϹЩݣõһȥɣԵһĽΪҪɱɽϹӦô´࣬ΪԴ鶴üɱõһţԽɽϹˡʱһӧҲǵͷ˵
һҲӣҵһ˺ܻᰢķУٶϣλΪ
̫⻰ȴҡͷв뵽պǺɽ涷ĳ
ԷȻԺԼУøסԼɲʱ䣬һ㳯ʱߡ
ֶͨΣ²ǵһܶԸ˵ġ
̫ҡͷ̫òף
һҲƤһĵ
̫ͷһȥնħûδǺɽĶ֡
˻һľһɽ棬ССܵеùһλ쾳ɲɣ
Ȼ˲š
Ҳţʵ˻
̫ȡһаɭɭɽ˽ǺɽҶȻҽƿ⣬ͬʱ̫䷨סһɽΪԽ˽Էܣ˭϶ԷȻͬʱʩչ䷨סɲǡ
˵̫ɶǵһ
ʲô
Ȼ˿øס̫ôܣ˵ס̫Ǹոʩչͱ̫ɵ飬ɡ
̫𲻿˵ѣҲƤһԭˣ벻ɽȻ˱ɣͨҿѾűɼˡ
ûΪﵽűɣҶҲǳ̫࣬Էĵ֣ƽҲ˵һȥδǺɽĶ̫֡һ˵˲Ȼ
һоʱҲҶԣʱ뵽ʲô̫˵̫鶴ǰչʱһɶ̫ڣʱ̫ɽɳɶӭ鶴ҿɶͬСɣǲӦȥ̫ɽ
д£̫Ҳһ㶣뵽̫ɽƢԣҲɶܶս磬ҲȻǿȻˣ̫ɽɶ̫ɽԳӭӵģ⻹ͷһΡ


ھŰپʮ Ǳ̫
̫ɽʦƢҶͬΪǺܺõģ䣬֪˶鶴Ǻ£Щڣ̫ڲ˵ҲЩûȥ̫ɽˣȥ˳̽һɶ·̫ǵ˵ͷ
£ǶˣڵһӧҪȥɱɽ£͵ûǶɽ޳ɾűɣһȷʤ㲻

ǬԪɽܴɽзأʮһƬ֮ϣ˹ȣΪ̫Ȼӻ˹ǧ˹ǸԣȻǶ̫ڵ
˿̫̾һɽҪ߳ٱֹľɽһ˳ǳصУ΢һҾ¥Ӵ⿴Զͬһľɽ
΢Լû뵽ӦĶλãȻ̫ڡ
ŹֵǣȵԼ̫ڵǬԪɽ󣬾ȻҲӦĶĲ
ֻֿܣһڸĶϢһĶԼϢһ֣΢ڶôӳ顣
̫ڲѰɵţҲǼɵ壬̫ɵڣʦǺһɾȫɾͬĴڡ
Ȼ̫ս꣬ǷͬСɵģ΢ҲóȻҪĶһ˼δ֪˹أԼôðʧűһд塣
ǰӸոպ̫ڷͻ΢΢һ˼ֻȰд̽˽ŪĶ֮ٽһ
ǬԪɽ¼˹ȵķ̫ھţӲΪ֮£Ȼֻ˵̫ɣܶž
΢Ǹһ쾳ɱ㲻ʲôöԼڲ죬Ȳȴᱦλ飿
λ͹٣ҪľƲˣ԰ֵһǹ𻨳¶ƣһǰƮ⣬νʳʳŵԲѡλõģ̧ͷܿǬԪɽߵɽǿ̫ڵסĵϼۣ˵ءеС˵ﵱУԿ̫ڵ硣
΢Цŵͷ˾ǮʹͣСϲصȥ΢ȴһ߶һŶԲߡ
֮ǰѾ̽ձ̫ʮһȵ۵ᡣ
ӣѾǬԪɽʿ˻ǰǬԪɽ׼̫ڵ۵Ȥǹ۵Ƕ⿪š
ŵ̶ֳȣ
˵ֻҪǬԪɽؽ磬ǻĽҰ⣬ǳǿ۵֮
˸跲˵ĸҪ֪ÿһ۵ᣬзǳеĴӴ˿̤֮ʿҲΪʵϣЩࡣÿһ̫۵ᣬɼᣬʢǰ
ЩУ⼸Ҳ̫ڵ۵ᡣ
⼸ճпջѾΪ̫۵ġԱһϣʳ̸Ȼ󣬵ӵù΢Ķ䡣
ǬԪɽ羳ڣκһط˵ΪηҪһЩ֣ʵ
㲻ˣ˴̫ڲԶȵյʱкϿն˳֣Щ˻Ҫ뿴ˣմմ˵һʼ˵ʳЦ
ԭˣ˵һЩè˵пܵõǲģǷ֮ʡ
㵱ôףһ㰢è϶ܣҰɽ䵱еһЩȴǿԣʮǰһɽֵУһ˵˵ƲʣȥҪˡʳԼʶ㣬ĺһЩ
΢ʱȴðһ⡣
Ȼ̫ڵ۵ôĽԼԳ̫ڣſԵʱз̽ѰĶ䡣
⣬΢۵ҲĸȤҲ޷
΢߳ȥ֮Ƭ֮ûټ˲Ϣ΢Ѿ̫ھ޴ɽ֮¡
̫ڱֵͳɵȻ̫һһ𣬵ɽţܿࡣŶһСһһ֮Ÿ߾ɣΪ֮֮࣬ɽӭ͵ӭ͵ϵʯף΢˵֪ʯϾž֮䣬ٰһǧס
˿̣Ȼвʿ룬̫ڵӷ˾ȻǲŲʣ޶á
΢һȤȻŵӲǿǸܣҲΪ̫ڵ˵Ȼ˭Ұң
ȻˣԲܣԴŷ緶


ھŰپʮ Ʒ
΢ҲΪվ۵ᣬ̫ڲ˿ɣȻˡ
ò˵Լʱý۵ȥ̫һ̽
΢Ҳǰͦأ̫ڵɽţӭ͵
ţɽ֮󶼻ӭ͵ֻǹģСǵڣӭ͵ҲȻܺᡣ̫ͬӭ͵߰࣬ҿȥٶаٲķ֮󣬸Ǭи˿ٶ죬Ҫʮ˿ǧʿӭ͵Ϣ
ЩʿУ󲿷ֶǷʿȻǬԪɽصʿλ̫ţΪΪߣԶǹؾأʵ
Ҳһȴǲӭ͵ڶֱͣӴжϡȻһǱȻ߸ϣмںЩʿͬһҡʿײˣ鹧õ
΢֮´ʱͻȻĶˣȻҲҳײˣ
Ťͷһȴʿһλ˹Ǹ˫ֱڳԺǳ⡣
Ҳ֪˴̫ڣֻ̫˼䣬ŵҼˣ۵֮ȥǡ
˵꣬һߣ֮ǰҲɨһǰ淲ʿĳ
һϸȻ޷ӹ΢Ĺ۲죬˵ʿΪΪԶˣײĿԼС˹⣬ĳײʵ϶˲͸ոգʿеһ⵱·ײλˣЩѰζˡ
΢ٿʿһһ٣ʹǸΪҪһЩӦѾǷ磬ǸֻǵĿ磬ڷʿѾһ֣ֻͬϡ
˿ʿһݣǾȻϡͿһλˣǸУ˵˼Ϊ̫ڲûжôȵ۵֮󣬾ͻǵĻ
һ˵ϣܲô
һ΢΢ɨһʱ»Ȼ
˹ȻǹʩƣʿײԼԭ֮ǰ΢ףڿʿһ֮̾ˡ
ʿһ鹴
Ҳ˫񣬶Ӧ鹴ϲǵ̫ͼֿһ鹴ŵӦһԹеһ˿϶ʲôŵһЩĿǿˣҲԻΪǿ鹴ֻͨʡ
ʵϣ飬΢һ鹴񼴲򵥣һѵõķȻǱɱȴӲ΢ۡ
һͺո˵ľٶˣԷȻҲǶĳֶ̽Σз񲻼򵥣ҪռΪС̫ΣԾôһ⣬öԷײԼȻ½ƣн۵ȥǵ鷳
ν鷳ȥһ鹴ˡ
֮ԲҪȻҲ벶ȸںΪߵ˿⹴Ĳ϶Ҳжߣڴųߵ㣬ҶԷȻǿ⹴ԭһԣһºȥⷲʿᣬһȫգһ˫
ʿΪԼΪ⵱гײˣ˿ڰղѡԭҪãû뵽ûô鷳Ȼûʲô̺ͿɽһλˣɸǺá
˶һݣû֮ǰҪ˷ܾһЩʿֶǴ˴ײˣɴСλ˲⣬ûʲô˼ҲŹǡ
һЩʿȴЩ壬ղҲˣײײңѾǸΪλҪġҿǹˣҪ鷳ҲײǼ޹أҪ鷳ҡ
ϵʿһƨһĿôΪУЩŹ֣ͼǳ嶯˼ҵĵҾҪƴЩϼһߣطܴˣȥϽԲߡ
ȻϵʿǳͼŹҲ磬ƫƫʵãûӽ
΢۾һֱʿĹ˲ʩչȥۣ΢Ǵ㿴⹴ȴû뵽ʱǹϾȻӿһɼΪȻ˲Ƶ΢Ĺȥۡ
һ΢۾ҲһֶҪߣǰһ¡


һǧ Ʒ
·ֶԶһ̧ͷһͿǰվһȴʿ
ڶԷΪǲ̽Ҳ֪Է˻ǷˣʣΪ϶ǱҪߡ
ֶ˶ɫһ䣬˵ôһΪãֻܸŭԣʱϵʿ˫һЦ֪סкιɣ
ϵʿҵֶȻѾЩš
΢Ϊ֪Ҫֶ˸߳٣ȴûаڳһȵ̬ЦĪҪţֻ뿴ֶǿ鹴񣬿ɷһۣ
Ȼ΢ܿҲûйֵĿûп׻ֱӲ⣬Ŀǿ鹴
֮ǰǸû΢Ϊֱӱͼ¸˿ɵ򣬿΢˿ûֹǣȻֱҪǹ
ֶ˶һ㶣Ҳû뵽΢ֱӣʿܾϵʿȴ뵽ʲôɫһ䣬æֶӵƽλѿ
ֶҲһ㶣֪϶뵽ʲôΪԸȡ乴񣬵ݸ΢
ʱ֮ǰǸ˾ȻȥպÿһĻ˲ͫһɱ
ͬ΢Ʋһ˵ȷһ޹֮ȴ֮̽ܣ˵һֻӡ
ͨ̽ʮǰԭֻһµĵƦå⵱еѰӣӴƽƣΪѰֱҲ̤ɵһ·˽ʮ֤ˡ
ѰӣʣⱲӶ̤ɵҲûʲô֣֮󣬸ԼһФһ˳Фһˡ
νФһ
ΪФһӵôһ֡
֮ǰȷͨѰӣȷʿϹŵǿ鹴Ǳʲô֪ѰӸݵǹʮõı
û֮һ
ȻФһ̰ǰƦåҽֶ˵鷳
ܴ֪ôһֶ˶Ȼ˼϶뿪ÿԸȥڰ·ɱ˶ᱦһ֪ȴû뵽һʧļıȻǳ©
ովû߿ֻǰй۲죬ۿֶ˾Ҫ뿪ȴû뵽·ɱһˣ˾ȻҲڴǹ⡣
ֶ˽ݸˣФһȻɱģҲڰй۲΢Ҫ΢ĵϸԷΪߣҲʼʩԷƭ̫ڣֻҪ棬ɱ˶ᱦ
΢εΪȻͲФһڰй۲죬΢УԷΪαһ϶磬Ȼ⡣
˿΢ӹ־͸оһصϢȻ⹴񱻸ɱͨ΢֪⣬ܲһЩ˿
ȻƷ֮Ƭ֮΢۾һû뵽⹴Ȼ˵ã̺Ʒ֮
УƷ֮ʱƳԷƷ֮ǶƷ֮Է
һԶ±ʩչסöԷ޷ʹãƷ֮Ҫ˵ýԣһнзһ˵ĽԷĽͻ̶ѣǳ־ܻ˶ԷıҲһǶԷǾ֣Ӧ֮ûʩչȥǽδͱƵˣȻǱɡ
Ʒֻ֮УͬʩߵΪкܴϵʿʩչƷ쾳ʩչƷȻͬԲһʳԱ
¶⡣
ʿʩչһƷ䣬ô˾֮±޵дڣ䷨ǿƷ֮΢⹴оȻӦƷ֮ȻǼΪȣ˵һضķ⹴ʩչƷ䣬Ȼ
Ȼ鹴ӦһԣôһҲ϶ֻһҲ޼֮
΢֮ǰùȥۿŹ񣬱Է˵⹴ϵƻ֮ͬСɣǿƵ쾳һ΢ѾͷǾǽ⹴ռΪС
Ȼ˭̰˵ʥΪߵĶʥѹϣǿӰ쵽˺ʥ˵ķô˺ʥɱȷҪ׺Ķࡣ
΢ӲԼʥˣҲֲ͵ĵֻԼĵߣ֮ǰˣֻӶᣬ΢ȴǾӰȡ֮еȡ֮δضǿ


һǧһ Ĳ
΢Ҫ⹴Լķӡ
룬΢ֱӳֶ˵ν˿֪⹴һ˲ı
һ㡣
ֶ˶һ㶣¶־ϲɫʿиǳݡ
΢һ䡮Ѿ˵ĺס
֮ǰʿ;ǸµͼȻΪһö⹴Ҳ֪Ǽģɼ壬ҲЩ۹⣬Ҳ⹴ȴǿʲôãΪֻһͨû뵽ȴһ
֪ͲˣֻȻ˵ʲôҲˣȻ⹴˿Ǳܴȥ
ʿȻҲйǣľҪ࣬˿ǵλѣҼҴ֮ĪǼ
ʿҲ˸ۣ˵ǼҴҪ΢ⶫġ⻰΢ֱɵĿԡ
˵һ˲õı˵˻ף
΢Ҳ÷ϻֱӵղͼǶȥδҵǡ⹴ȻǱɳ˵ãȡ֮ãҽҿԸ⼸һԵ컯ʱѰǿԸ⣿
΢⻰˵ֱӣǸ߶Է⹴ҿˣҲҪöԸ⣬˿ֱʹõķһԵǲ±Ѱ
ϵʿһ¾ˣףΨһķӡǰλǷˣӱȸղֻǿҺܶأ˼Ѿ˵ĺˣ⹴ǱǻסҲסȻҲЩģϾԷ˵⹴ֵ󣬵Ҳûиõķӡ
û˵ֶ̰˿ѾǸλѣǲҼҴ˵ٶҲѽ黹
˵ţȻҪ
ƽ㡭ϵʿһҪ˵ֶӴ˿ȴǱֵļΪǿӲ壬⹴Ҹ׵ҵģҲǼҴȥұ㲻ţϻû˸ҹ컯֮ǿȡ᣿
ϵʿ˵ʲôҲû˵ڣϾǹֶ֮ȷûʸ
ϵʿǿԼֶӸΪǹǼҴ֮ŲԸ⽻Ϊ̰᲻ãҲĽⱦﹴ񽻻ˡ
ȻǴȥԼоϾ˶̰Ķǵ֮
ʱʿҲԼֶĴ
壬Ȼ⹴ǱǾ͸ܽˣλȥҾͱչأúò⹴ϵܣǼһܲ𣬾һˡڸղǸˣһȥ֮󣬾ǧŲߣȻڸϢֻҪӻؼ壬ôͷ֣ҲδһˣǻзҰҲδܽƽʿ͸һ˿̾ϢһҲȥƽҪãһŪãͻɱ֮
ˣ⹴ȻǱ;Բܽˣ˵Խ⹴ɾ֮λֻҪܳɣǼ˭ҲˣҲҲòżβˡ
˵ݶˣʿҲ̾ϢһҲðһҲǾüȻⱦô˽Ҳ̫㣬ԿĿ϶ԼߡǿˣȻ˵ǹø磬ʲôʲô̰̰ͼԼұҪԼֶӾͷ
ȻǹͲ粫һ˵ĿԽ⹴
ֶһʼߣ˿ȴΪ̰˼Ϊഫʵϣһ˵ȷִ΢ͨңǶ쾳⴫
Դˣ΢Ҳ֪˵ʲôãϾ·Լߵģѡʲô·ҲԼûӸġ
ãȷ΢ʱһ䣬ǽƽʿǼᶨҡͷ뽫ҼҴ
ܴѾΧʿע⣬ӦҲǹˣ΢
΢һЦûٶԣй񻹸Էתȥ֮ǰһ䣺ǺΪ֮ɣ
òŵˣƽЦһֻΪԷǵòԼҴ˵Ĳ֮ԣȴǺ⣬Ȼֶ̾ߣû˿顣
̫ڣǶ˺ԥȡǧŲ߶˲ʧ١
һֱǵФһߣ˿ФһҲ̫߳⣬Цһȡһ


һǧ ɱ˶ᱦ
ⷨһ˫ȣһϣ·һ˫ɫ໥ƣϣ˫߿ɲǵ׺ʮǰͨѰӵõһ˲õķ
˿˷һ̣໥Ƶ߾Ȼǻһζ
ͨ䣬󣡡Фһ˿ĹͷϳԶ֮ţŰϢӰɿγע뵽֮ڣ߾Ȼ̱󣬴˻ʮɳֱͬڤһ㡣ƺԶޣ׵ԴĵطŶԳƵļ̣ɷʮ㡣
ȥɣ׷ϣΪӵõֱ棬ղǽǹ񽻻ˣܱסһڣѰ·ɾ͹ֲñˡФһЦֹ֮ǰ۲΢ȴǿ΢ʲôΪҲǲöԸֶĽ񽻻ԷĲ󣬾ȻԼܲȫļһ
̫ڵӭ͵Фһ͵͵ֶӡӡżȻĳżлȡĹ̺ͨ䷨
ͨ˵ҲٮٮߣȻΪֻαɣɱˡ
ͼ߷ɿߣƬ֮ûӰФһǺңڣƣҲǽ
ųߣһԷ˾ǷֿҲ
ǧ֮⣬ֶ˺ķ˶ǧŲƷҲ˲Ϣǧ֮⣬˻öϢֶϢ
˿еǧŲƷùˣǿٷУȴ΢˿Ƭ֮Ѿǧ֮⣬ˣҲӦҲǲŶԡ
벻׸Ҵ⹴Ȼһ֪Ļȫо⹴˵Ѿ˾ˡǽƽʿʱ˵дһ˿ա
֪Ҳ٣Ҳ㸸״ⶫҲˣЩ˾Ȼûһܿ⹴áҸով룬⹴ǲıǣοʿʱ˵
壬⹴Ǻöղڵҿ⹴϶Ǳɣڿ޷ֻҪǱо϶ԲõġƽʿȻʮ㡣
ϧûˡʱԶһЦФһ
ƽ˶ʱһͬʱŤͷһʱŵĻɢȻͻȻߣֱ
ƽСġʿһӦ죬ǴȡӭС
ǸƽʿѵӦҪһЩȻֱӱһҧӡ
߶ɷɣǴȿռ䵱ͨѰʿֵܵģƽΪǷĿ߲̫ԶǺ޷֮һҧ
ƽ״ѵľǴһҧƽǶûӳͬǱǴ£˵
ЩֶΣȻǿֵסһߵĹɱһҲ飬˸Ǳ޴ĳײ֮һѪ
ٿԶһ̤ƹһЦ֮ǰ̫ڹ鷳Ǹˡ
ͼ˷֮һץͽƽʬץȥĹȡ£ڰѪܵʬֱһȥð˸ɸɾ
׷Ī֪ЩУʲôһʱֶ˱ӹһٵģǴӦ˵Ľô̰ĺͲ¼ɣ˿̿϶ǿӹ˽١
ںҲˡ
ȻˣǷϻĴ㶼ûУֱɱ˶ᱦġ
Ĳпᡣ
ʱҲͬķӶԸΪǵ͵ʿǴ˿̣Ӧˡ˿̣һܵУƴȫҲ˲䱻
һ˲䣬ʿɫȴ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣֱĶФһƺǿʲô
óϵʿ˲䣬ʲôȻҪЦЦ
쵱ȻФһЩĪһĿߣ֪꣬Ŀûá
˵꣬һҪ߶Ǵ̳ԶԷ꣬ʱһӰƾճ֣Фһ֮ǰʿץ
ФһһԼһߴ˿ȥƲа˭Լͨ߹֮¶
һĻ飬ФһŵĻɢ
ͼ˺˦һͽԼߴͷٿֱβˡ


һǧ 
ФһŪ߶ӿֲͨ䷨ȿռٻġ顯
Ǵ˿ФһԷ˴ĽȻͬʱڴϵҲһնɱЩֲˡ
ФһȻľôҲǼˣ˿ǿװ򶨣͵͵ȡౣķȴһ޹λѣΪԵ޹ɱƵޣ
Фһ仰Ȼ֪ʣڸոգѾϳͻȻֵ̫ڴֶǸʿ
ʱԼһЩԷΪ֪ǣֶܾ˶ԷĽסڸ˵Է϶ôưոݣʮа˾Ż׷Լһ׷ɱֶˣɱ˶ᱦФһֻҪԼΪǿ֮Զ߸߷ɣȴû뵽Էô졣
ҶԷΪȻոĽԼãȴǿɱԼ飬ФһûףҲ̣Щ꣬ѰʵŪһЩķԽɱΪߵˣΪˣȻ֪ΪԼҪߣû
ﻹһöң˲ʯʯͷǱеıֻҪעһ㷨˲Ϣʹã·ѷ
ǰФһҲˣϵɣǶַ֣Ӿͻᱻɱƾң˲ʯŻΪġ
ҲˣФһһЩԴëԼùʹ򣬴򲻹ܣ˭ҺΣ
Ȼ·֮ǰ϶ҪһģңҲнһǿɱ˶ᱦģΪϱ࣬ǿҲһЩ˵Ŀӣ;ὫԷɱӶԷϵı
˿ѯʶԷΪԵ޹ɱ飬ԶԷ͵Ϯ
ϧ΢
΢ɨһФһŵļҡͷ֪Ҫʲôֻ˵һΣǹңҿԷһȻ㽫նɱɢ
Դ󣬶ӲôɱҡФһһ䣬ͬʱ˲佫һһ״֮Ȼ˲޵һ΢
⻹㣬ִһһĴᦣǰɢ֮һǧ룬˾綾ͬ꣬ǵصɱȥ
ȻФһҲԷԳҲ˿СһٽԷɱ
΢һ޵ֹǧ綾룬Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ЩŹֻ֣һαɣΪλ˶ķ
΢֪ѰҲ󲿷˻ͨ˶ɱɶˣһʼڣ÷ǷҪǮһ
΢֪һЩŹ֡
ۿԷ΢̧һӣһǿɨֱӽ޵;綾뵴һɨФһʱǸڶԷǰĻƴ͵Ķӿ𺣣赲΢һ
ܵסֻƬ̣ǻ𺣺ͻƴᦣȫ΢һ֮¡
ǵŶһͨĵɷɵ䡯
һǳ΢ƣӣһ˦γһѹԸѰ㹻ˡ
΢ͨͨһУȴǽФһŵĻɢΪ΢һ˦ȻɼҷۿԷѹûĵֱФһԼˡ
ʱФһӿһ赲΢ġ䡯ײһ졣
أ
Фһֱײɳȥ⣬΢һҲʮ⣬ССαϾжٷղ˵ԷϾȻһɼףһ׹ֱһ
Ҫ֪һЩŵĺĵҲûôݳ޵ļҵף΢ԷӦֻһɢޡ
һɢ޾Ȼô౦Բν³Ͽ϶è塣
Фһʱ֪УҲɴ̴࣬߶еġң˲ʯ֮زز
һˣΪɣФһҪһⶼûУϧĲһˣһλΪĶ쾳
עҪˡ
֮⣬Фһ˿һ£ѾǷ˿̿ڴǸ˵ȻôʧûϵֻҪѰӣҪж٣ȽΪȥȥ˵Ļ
˵뵽һ£ȴһȡһ⼣߰ߵӣһֺֻں˯ĺӡ
ӾѰӡ


һǧ Ѱӣһ
ʮǰФһһ֮еõѰӣνǻ˳˳ˮԵģʶĹ㣬Фһ󣬸һôͻæָ㷽
˿ФһôĿȻǲôҪѰûʲôӿθղˡ
ӣѣҸղŶ㱻˸ˣ㻹˯ФһĴѾЩ⼣ĵžž졣
ͼӵеķֺӶ˶̶С۾Фһһ̣ȻǿԣĲҪ֪㳣֣ƫƫҪ֪ɱ˼ֱ̫ˣԲɱ֮
ФһȻˣ˵Щ͸ôˣУ˵ٱ飬ĽڽФһФһˡ
ǷֺӾȻ¶ͬһЦı飬Ȼ㱨˳𣬶ǹ˺ܿ׷Ͽң˲ʯ·֪һطܣǸطҲеĻɡ
Фһɫһ䣬ЩµôģҲѣôң
κû磬Ƿʵǹõˣ
ФһʱҲЦЦһַֻġ
ң⹴ǷֺȻЩ˵Фһҡͷȸ⹴ʲôģȻǲġ
ĹǺʱǸӦʲôæߣ׷ˡ
ФһҲһæȡң˲ʯ߶һ֮زز
뿪Ƭ̣΢ѾŲƹ
ΧѾտյ΢ȴǺ⣬ФһѰȻС΢΢Ҫ׷ɱФһԷң˲ʯҲӲ֮ô׷΢ҪԷʲôơ
˿΢ʩչȥۣǸոФһ֮ǰжѰӵĶԻҲһⱻ΢
ԭˣ΢֮˹ȥ۵֪ͨФһ򵥣һɢô෨ӻ
ڿⶼֻϡ
΢óǴҲɼΪǸУȻƾǴӵֶΣ϶ФһĻ
ФһȥȡƷ΢ȻǴָʹҲ֪ʲôȻܸӦƷҲҪƷƻֻ΢ʮȷǺӵõƷҲûãûб½⿪ƷϵĽƣⲻƣ޷Ʒ֮ȻƲ
һжˣѰӶ̽ͨԲŰǸФһõķɱС
Ȼˣ΢Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ǬԪɽӲԼ̽顣
˿΢ץʿĻǣԷǻں֮⣬΢ɹȥĹȻȥɣѰһطú
ʿĻǾϲ΢ͷͷ̧֮ͷѾǿ΢ټ
̫ڣɽ֮ء
΢֣Ҳȡ
û뵽ФһѰӾȻǶ㵽̫֮ڣò˵µһ壬һ˻治׷̫ڣα̫ܿڻɽģ
΢ĿӦһӿ֣Ҳͻ̫ڵĻɽһ̣΢ɽ֮һ֮ͨڡ
΢üͷһ塣
Фһ׷ӡǣ۶Էӵδ׷ٵ֮ǰ˲ʧȥ˶ԷϢ
Ϣĵط
ٿ⾧̫ͨڵΧ£ӦǲӵùԼɨӵģƫƫԼղžûзͨ
ЩѰζˡ
ϸһ΢ʲôطˣ⾧ľʯЩʯ̺һԸκ֮̽˵ԼǺ쾳Ҳͬ̽
ոҲΪԼ֮Բܽͨˣ͸ˡ
֮ͨڲ̽飬΢ֻǰȥ⾧֮ͨҲûв·֧΢ٷƬ֮󣬱㿴ǰϢǸФһ
ԱߵϰװѰӵȻΪӵ´󼪣ٱ׷ФһѰӶû뵽΢һĴڡ
ѰӼΪ񣬵һ΢Ҫʾ΢ٶȻ죬Ѿǳڽǰֽ
ԿѰһ˲ƤëֱǼΪ֣ФһΪ̫󲿷ֶǿΪһֱ΢ŷӦ


һǧ Ѱӣ
Фһ΢ûκκøУһ㣬͵ڶԷϣٿФһжûгͱɷɻңӦǾɻ
΢ΪҪɱФһֱ׾٣֮ǰûɱҲֻ뿴Էʲô̡
ФһҷеķǬʹָॵһء
ѰҲû뵽΢ѰɱФһֱͬһֻһףФһĻȻһָ֮˲飬𲻵һá
ѰʶǰλˣǷˣǶ쾳
ֻּĸֲ׽Фһ
˿Ѱﶢ΢΢Ҳ֮󣬾ͼѰͨһ£Ȼѧһ
лλɾҳ𺣣СһֱФһвѰʮأܾѣһСһɥФһ֣֮С踺أҪгһտɱ⹷ѩޣۣɳֽɱеСĶˣСһݡ
˵ţཱུ΢ͷأȻ춯ֹ
΢ɵһ㿴ѰӣȶԷͷŵнϢһλɸƵķФһαΪαеģ
һ仰ʹѰӵĻԣֺӵҲƤ񣬱֮ȻĲֵɣСѰͨСԸΪЧȮ֮͡
΢ϷŴڵôŶԷȻĿһɨͿڵϵһö
ûķ΢⹴
΢ǹѰ۾תͣ΢翴뷨˵ƷȥҲûã汻˽ƣ˵㣬ҪƷӳѣ⹴ƵȴЩһԸˡ
΢һ˼ѰҲˡ
۾¶֮ɫԷȻܿĽƣܿԼҪ⹴Ŀģôܣ
Ҫ֪ΪͨԲܸӦƷƷ֮ʵҲҪһ⹴ƵȷǲܣѰӴǽǹ֮ڣ˿˿Ʒ֮ջʴĽƣ뵽ͼ΢뵽ʲôһ£㲻Ǵ⹴ˮʯѳʱĥϵĽưɣ
ѰӴ˿Ҳ֪Լʲô飬϶ʲôñ飬Է̫ˣȻܲµ
ⲻ֪΢ҲǾþȣԼӦǲ¶ˣû뵽ʺӾȻ˵ĴǼֱ˶ǿ
뵽΢ɫûһʵ˵ɣ㾿ʲô·Ҹ㣬ƭңƭң⣬ҷƭң㽫㶪ɻС
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ȻɻĿֲԼȥַӾ͵ñ
ѰӻҪƭˣ΢˿̵ı͸ղŵĻȻһָоԼĺ˵˵ĻὫԼɱ
Ѱӵкǿٴξǿоܷ׻ʱϸ˼Ƭ̣ڻǾ˵ʵ
֮ǰǸФһֻõһӰˣô꣬ҪԷѰҵһƳƵķ
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뵽Ѱӱһһʮ
ƭɣұǵ̫еһֻͨ󣬵Ϊҹҹ̫֮ҾȻҲǣ;ʱ̫֪ͨҵĴڣһ죬ҽȥ˵ͨϹ̽˵ҲԵʽҵֻҲˣѧΪϲȥʱһϰ͵Ժʳ̫˵Ҷûлڸģһ£̫һл̫һŭ֮½һعУҲ֪˶£Фһײ˳ؼաѰ˵Ȼֵ飬ФһѰһЩˣһźðҴӳֻû뵽Фһ˲ƷӣһûӣҲǱвȡ
Ѱӽʱ΢һֱȷһζԷû˵ѡȻ΢Ҳû뵽Ѱӵͷô˵ȻҲ̫ĵ֮һˡôһͷǾѾǴˡ
΢ʱʣ㣬ʲôط


һǧ 鶴
һ΢⣬ѰӾЩ֧֧ᣬ΢Ҳ˵ֱһųɻ
Ƕ쾳ֲʩչͨ˶ȳɻ
һɻѰˡ
λɣȰһ䣬طҲܾȻ鷳ҴФһҲֻݱܷͷҲģһ뿪֮ͳȥȴû뵽ͨȻԽѰʱпһ䣬΢ģŵ⾧ͨԽ̫鶴鶴̫ڽеĽأǱ̫ڵ˷Ǿˡ
鶴
΢֮Ҳһ㶣˵̫սĶ츣أ̫ڣ˵ӲסЩ̫ڸ֣̫ප츣֮˵̫ĶϰٸȻıһ۵ĵص㣬ⶴ
鶴΢֪ǵ̫ĶȻǽеĽء
뵽Ѱӱ鶴ڵһֻ֪ͨҲ顣˵̫Ҳɵǰɣ΢ҲΪĽлʶʶλɵܵĶȻһº¡
ѰӼ΢˿ûҪ뿪˼ŵĶһ£æֵɣ鶴ɵ̫ɽ֣ǧ飬Ϊͨ죬̫ڵλʾ֮ܽ鶴лȥ˵ɺãвɱǷ֡
ȻѰᵽɽʱдž⡣
΢ӵģ뵽֮ǰ˵ĻðһͷѰ˵̫ͷΪϻһһķ̫϶ôĪӿϻľ̫ɽɣ
źӿһ΢ܣӱΨΨŵŵһӣΪУ̫εȻ˵ѰӲ򵥣һųǾҲһͱ
΢˿ֱʵ㵱лķɽɣ
Ӵ˿̵Ҳû֮ǰľȣ˵ͷֻҵעͨԵģ޼ɵֵ飬ǿлɽŽҹҾȹ̵ģЩ꣬ҲҲ˼ټɽ
΢Цˣ˵Ӽֱ˻ǲ˼ѹǲңº̫ϴͨ޸ɽɽϼȻ飬϶ǵõ飬Ǻǣӱ򲻻֣Ҳһ죬θȥɽ
鶴Ȼ̫ڵĽأ΢ҲûбҪƽ鷳Ѱ뿪ʱ΢ͻȻоһ˿Ϣ
΢ֹסŲȵĿ򾧱ͨ
ɣôˣѰӸоԾһ䡣
΢һĿӦƬ̣Ȼ¶΢ЦѰӣ򾧱ͨȥ
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ͷһðѰӾͼæȰ衣
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ʱ΢֪ΪԼ֮ǰͻȻһӸӦĶλˣΪ鶴ں⾧ͨһȻǲֿԸһϢľʯ棬˵ԼǺ쾳Ҳ̽鵽ĶϢԼΪ׷ФһײĽ뵽⾧֮ͨڣٴθӦĶ
ȻӦĶ΢Ȼ뿪ҪһĶ
һ·ǰʮ·̣΢ſǰ⴫΢֪֪ǰӦþ鶴ǸӦϢۼڴˡ
ѰѾǽ겻ధ΢ȥҲ΢Ȱȥˣһӡ
ɣҲǧɽңµʱ۴ɰѰʱ
΢һЦҲ֪˵û鶴˿ɽ£ղһҧĺǿ϶ỵ£ʩչͺӶ
΢϶Ҫ鶴ھǻᣬĶϢŨ鶴УԼܲɣ£΢ȻܷŹֻᡣ
ɽҲ̫һѷǺͰˣԼĶ΢Ȼ


һǧ 
ͱͬĶڵؾŶжڼΪһĶеͨΪȻﴫɱУ֮
Ҳ˵΢оڵͬʱĶҲѾ֪΢Ĵڣ֪Ҫ顣
Ȼˣ΢Ҳ͵͵ģΪûбҪ
ʱ䣬ʱ̫ڵ۵ϾҪʼ̫ڵĸֶ׼۵ᣬһڣΪ鶴̫ڵĽأԾ鷳΢ҲһʱĻڣ΢˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ܲܳ£һʱ䶼Կߡ
˿΢ΪѾǴﵽ쾳йűɵΪ˵ǽɹ˿أ΢Ҫߣһ֮˿
ʲôηģ
Ӿͨ鶴˲ʱǰȻʡ
鶴ܴΪڲ˶취ԱʵʵĿռ仹Ҫöࡣ˿鶴ڣдССٸ̨ÿһ̨֮ϣƯһ֮⣬棬иķ˵ǷأǷı鶴еıֱŨ¶ˮһ㡣
ٸ̨ķϣ壬ƯһӰģ٣Ůǿε顣
ϣɻΣȻҲԣֻﻯҪѰٱϾԭûԵģ飬˸֮顣
ƽһ黯˵ĶǷëǣû뵽鶴ܴﵽ黯˵ľȻٶ࣬Щ飬ûиࡣ
ж٣΢ɨһۣ鶴棬ѻɽһɽ԰ƣǧơикܶ΢Ǻöķ˵ˣı⡣
Ҳֻ̫ɵŲܱ鶴˴类ɵֹϷˡ
΢˲䣬Ǳע⣬ָоǱǧͬʱһһεͬڳˮһӿ
΢Ϊȹ̣˿ͬһɽһǿƵȹ̲ˣΪﵽ쾳ˣ¶Ҫǧע³Դ
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ĶƮһŮӣãɷ΢֪Ķ顣ĶԱߣһޱȵĹŽŽͨ΢֪鶴УһŽ
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΢һɨȥȻ̫ɽȻȻȥʵ޻ԳƵǽлߣ̫ɽϣһӰӰ̫£׷Ȼüһ̫ƣν˫
Ӱ˲䣬΢Ҳͫһ
ھŶɵļ䵱УǼλģΪ󣬾Ȼ̫
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̫ǳԽ쾳ˣҲôͨ
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ʱ̫ɽ鿪ڵη󱲣ȻҴ鶴ҹȥ
һǣ罣ǽݺᣬӿ΢
΢üͷһ壬ɽռ˵ĲȻд㡣ٿ鶴ڣǷ£ɽΪΪͨ죬Ѿ˷ǷĹȣɽľ
ԷȻ̫彣˲ͨ΢Ҳ
΢Ҳǿڵ鶴̫ҹ»ʸ񡣡
ͬ罣ͶԷĽײ֯һҪ˵΢ҲǸ֣΢ΪѾǰ㣬Ժɽ⡣
ײ磬ǽΧپϵľʯն飬һЩûеķҲ鲻١
󵨣̫ɽ̱ŭ£ץΪһ̳Ϊǧ
΢ó̫ɽȻ飬ʵΪѾﵽ쾳ɣҶԷûжɽ壬ֻ֮Լս΢ҲԼ֮սڽϣɽ龿жǿᡣ
һ΢Ҳʩչˮ淨ǧˮӭϣɽ


һǧ 
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Ȼ΢ɽûԼ˵ҪȻһһ黹ĬõĶǽ
΢ĽҲѾǵǷ켫Ȼ΢֮ҲδѡǺʣԵʱɱ֮ΪǿĽʺϵĹɱֶΡ
գ֮䣬΢ɽѾǶУ˵ǸͨȻƽɫ
΢Ľˮ淨˵಻ʱ˿ʱ羪κˣɫɽ鱾ɽ֮飬ǲ
һ̣ɽٴαǣƸ΢ͷһ֪ƾԼΪЩмܲסˡ
ԼΪ˿ҲǶ쾳֮ǰܺɽ쾳ֶô£Ѿ൱˲ˡ
¶Էʵǿ΢벻ܣֻԼĹ֮ˡ
ɽ˿ռϷ磬ͻȻסֵǿҵĶ֣Ҹһᣬ뿪鶴뿪̫ڣ뿪ǬԪɽԶҪٻұһ鶴
仰Ȼв
΢һһ˼ɽѾ֪Լ˵Ŀġ
΢ʵ֪Ҫʲô
Ȼ֪ɽ˿̧ͷ˿̨ϵĶ֮飬ֿ΢ҲǺת֮Ķ뿪Ѿ˵ˣԼҲͬҵĹ۵㣬鶴߾磬㣬רֺαǿѣ
΢ˣԭԷʲôˡ
ҲϾĶڵؾŶһΪĴڣԷԽĸӦ϶֪ԼǾŶתҪȥ
΢Ҳһ۵Ķ飬ЩǿĿ΢չֳ˿룬΢ԺĸӦԷͼ
ǾǲԸԼڶ΢ҡͷȻֳɽ̫ɽҲ̫ڳĵ֮һȴ֮Գ飬Ϊ˺ķѪ˵鲻ֳ֮һ˿ںϣϣǺһͬģˣĿˣֺαض鶴ֺαΣɺ̫һģ˵ףҲ̫һ˿ںɽǣ̫ΪΪܷͣͣԸˣһ˵ˣĶҲҪɱǣҵһ˿ţҪջؾΪкβɣ
΢ⷬ˵û鱾˶ϣΪϱԼˣ뷨ʵЩЦ
⣬ĶӦͨ㣬ȡأ쾭壬ǲԸڣãԳһˡ
΢ȻѾǺܽˣ֪ؾŶУĶߣȻҲ뷨ֻ࣬û뵽ԷȻ֮ġ
΢ʼδġ
΢ҲǿѣĶȻԸع飬΢ҲҪǺĶɣӴصҵĶľš
ȴû뵽ǱĶͻȻڵ뽫ҺĶ룿ƾʲôûʸôǵľŶɣһֻأ֪ת˶˶ѣͬɽҵˣԺԼףѾûаϵĶǱҵı壬ҲûʸȡأǵתһȥʶȤͱҷ顣
΢ޱ飬ĶȻз⡣
˿΢ͻȻ뵽һ£ڶݵʱ΢Ϊʩ޼֪ɽ쵱еľŶѹһˡ
й¸ǱʲôˣĶ
Ķﴫ֮Ҫ֪絽ʩ޼ʵ̫ףȻ˵ƽⶦɽӡַôֻҪһ£ڹʩ޼ǰȥƻӡеһжԽ͵ͨ
Ķڽʩ޼֣ӷⶦɽ˳
ĶȻ֪̫ɽĴڣԺͱĵؾŶͬǵһʱ̫ڣͶ̫ɽ顣
Ψһû뵽ǣԼô׷
֪ˣȻ¿ֲԸԼȻĶԶȻս֮ʱԲűԼһֲ
ԭз⣿΢ʱ˵
ûϧ֪̫ˡĶҲɫ
ǿδأ΢˵һһ̣ͻȻϣűͬһХ˲͵Ķǰ
һ˲΢ƱǣűҲǱӿŵĶҲɫ䣬΢ץĶæһ㣬ʩչȻͨ
ͨʩչ֮󣬿ϵȣռȻ΢Ȼ֪ҲĶӲƴڶԷ˲䣬ͬʱһͼǱĶʣĿʣʱĶһȻҵʩչڶ֮


һǧ ɹŽ
ĶȻͨ󣬸жȻﴫɱ֮΢ȴԵơ
ԭܼ򵥣΢ǾŶɵתŶɶշؾŶȫĶͨ΢ǰûκλ֮΢ֻҪʩչĶԸԸ⣬÷ԡ
˿΢ҲˣĶڽ鶴ɽԼԿò˵ĶܴҲȷס˿΢ߣǾΪ㣬΢϶΢ҲԼƣһݣֱӵ˵ʩչڶ֮Ȼþűɵסɽ飬ڶ֮Ķ
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⣬ȷĶǵʩ޼ƻⶦɽ˷ӡף΢
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ڳˣ갡̫꣬ΪҿһƽȻ꣬ڣӻǳˡѰӵĿУۺͬħİСΪЦ


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һɳˣŻǵһһ㶣仰Ϊ֪ɽ治ɵʿһɳ϶֪΢ͷûдݵ
һҲ࣬һٸţµţ㻹ɽ˹ķţλϴ̫жȴ㲻㣬ײƣٿֻһ쾳ôܽҷ̫ס˵ʵǺɽ档
ȴûһǿ˿΢ֿ˿סķλѣ㵱һɳˣ
ٰ΢תҲһζô˵Ȱѿס棬ٵý뺬ⶴ˿̿ź͵һ֮м϶ìܣҲǾ䡣
ƨ˭סɵķ㻹˵㲻Ǻɽ棡һ
΢Цûڣ̫̫㵱Ϊô򵥣㻹̫ڵ쾳ɣȻ̫ľ趼ûᣬʵǿЦ
΢һ仰ǴеһҪ߼ֱͬסβ͵ӣֱ̺㵹˵ֺ̫βͬ˵֤Ǻɽ档


һǧһʮ ⽲
˽֪ʿֻɵȻͬǺɽǲ̫侫ģԵһ΢̫ʲôر֮ȷ֤Էݡ
Ϊֻɵɵʿ̫ɵ
΢˿ⶴְԹһʱ䣬ðһͷȴǴ߶
˷Ǻⶴ̫ոս̫䣬ڶ˺ͷʿڱĿĥոʱ΢ͻȻڣܿܿһ㶡
΢̫䣬Ϊ̫ҵ䷨ϣֻע䷨ȴ̫ҵ⣬䷨һ㣬ǿУѷӹЧһ֮ͨΪ߶Ȼµǿߵ֣֮δǿδʩ߷ҡ֮ľ䡢жֳУʳ׳ˮ㷺ףնȳǧɻԷ֮裬ɸκө¹⡣̫ҵƣй켫ǣһߣ̫һҲ̫һѨ켫ǣڵһν̫ҵ⡣ʣʩ䷨һ棬̫һϱ
΢Źɵֹո̫ĵһ㣬ǬԪɽ˹ȣҲĿɿڴ𾪣ٺð⣬崺磬һޱȡ
Ȼⲻ֪˭ĵҲڽ̫䣬ʣıȸո̫Ҫǿһ㡣
ֻǿһ㣬ȴ洦һ缢ƿʣϸ
ⶴڣɵҲĿɿڴޱȣ΢ʱмִ̫ŭ壬Ҫȥ˭ôӣȻԽ
佲Ļ̫䣬ո̫Žֱǲ̫ӣ̣
⼸жǱֽ̧̫¡
̫ϸͣƬֻ̣˵һ仰

Ǹ𺳣һⲻ֪ĽߣȻԽ̫佲ôãô͸ų֮ɶͷһ˵ֵ⣬ȻҲǴáҲ̫̫Ʒ£Ϊ̫ûΪ˽ıöı˭棬ոֹǼΪǼҲ´˽֮ˡ
һ̫̫㷴ӦҲһϸⲻ֪˭ĵ⡣
˿Ҳһһͷ
ʵԭͨͨһ̫䣬Ȼ˶ںΪ̫ڵȻҲûнСС̫⵽̶ֳȡ
аı̫Ҫ档
ʱɵ̫ĵ⡣
Ϊ䣬ɱޣֹֻսֹ꣬Ϊʷ䣬ӣʩʱƽľɱ޺ޣ䷨ͨ죬αܶ
һ䣬΢һɼΪǿʵ֮ͬһƬ£ϴߵľ
һ˲䣬۷ˣʿоԼľΪõ
Ȼһ΢ֻ̫һаĵĵ⣬ȴǿԷеĵʿԲŻǿ
һ̣ǬԪɽ˹ȵУһѾĳƿʮʿ΢ȻǴл棬֮˲죬ȻͻƵƿ
̫ڣһͬƿжķ۷ĵӣ⣬Ҳǻһ֤ɡ
嶥Ŀɲֹһ̫ڣʮ˵ЩΪﵽ۷壬޷һĵӣ΢ԵмĶһɳ죬֤
㾰Ȼˡ
ʵϣ΢Чûֻˣһ˴˿̻һҲΪͻƣˣһ飬ǾһĿᣬЦ⡣
ⶴ⣬һɵû뵽΢ĸҽû뵽ԷȻǸҽȥŵǣԷֱ̫ǰ޹ˣ̫𽲵ĻҪá
ȻʶԷǺɽ棬ǲֵܽġ
һ˲䣬һʶԼһΪ׵Ĵ󡣸ո뵽͸оǸóԷſ죬Ȼһֶ˵
ǱҲǴĵ⵱лعɫ죬΢ǹһ
ĺãܶɵּĸˣôǶӯĺɽ棡


һǧһʮ 
Ҳ̫ڵ쾳ɸ֣ȻģĹ࣬԰ٷְȷǰλ˾Բʲôɽ棬ΪɽҲ壬ǲɵġ
ȻɵǾ͸̸϶ɵļģǵ;˵Ҳܽһ̫⵽͸ĳ̶ȡ
дϲΪһŪôһҪǣոտλһɳ˵ڲʱʱһԷûƾ֤θ̫ڣ
¹ǰ˾Ųʮ͵һ̫ڱͻйԹȻֵÿһù˵¿ɲС£ƻ죬ԩˣһңԽһϵˡ
Χ̫ڵĵҲǴӸոյѹҲһ¶֮ɫʿˣԵõǶƳޱȵģ΢̫佲˺ãÿһ˵Ϊм洦ȻǾޱȡ
ȻҲŵһ֮ǰҲɵӣȻˣôǺɽ棿
һ˿̽ΪѣҲ𾪵ʧȥ磬Ѿ־£֪롣
λǰ̫»ࡣʱӺⶴڴһһ̫ڵӶ̹﹧Ϊ̫ڹ
ֵ̫أ뺬ⶴһ𡣡̫
̫룬˶ԡ֡ƺ˵Ǵδй飬ҲΪ΢̫ڱڵһµĸ߶ȣλҲͷһ㾫տĽҲּͲŵСˣ˵΢Ȼ·콲ȴ̫ڵĵȻͻȴûвΪˣǲûһǳ롣
΢Ҫⶴ˿Ȼǲԥûһǳűȭһ˾ηĿ뺬ⶴ
ⶴʮ־޴󣬱鶴й֮˿˶̫ڵĸ֣֮⣬ǰɼޣ˵ƼΪǷˣ쾳кܶ࣬쾳ĽҲв١
˿˶΢룬ЦӭΪģ͸ոǷʽ۷
̫Ѿ꣬㣬˵ʮɵʿУоŸϰǵûһܴﵽոսǰľͳ̶ȣ쾳ĽɣոյĽҲǻࡣ
ոձλ˽
Ӧˣ֪ǵкδ
ƣ̫λӭӣô̰λĸǶûȴ
ĪҪĽλѶ̫ȷǼоνΪʦڸոգǶǻడ
ǵǣߣһȥλѣ˵˼ͷܴء
£ɼҲ£ȥӭ΢ʱҲǸæ뺬ⶴλɼ޻֪΢ȳλλһɳˣ΢
һɾ㵡
һǿǴһͷȻ൱ģ統У˭˲֪˭˲ҲȻ𾴡
ҲɣϾһڵĶݾ̫ңԶ̫ڵĵȻһƬ϶Ӱ쵽ݣһôǰμ̫ڵĵ᣿
˼Ҹ΢ȻҲʧ񣬵ǳŹ̫꣬׶һһĵ
ʱ̫ͻȻϳ΢ɫһ䣬ѿڶô㣿
Ȼϳ΢ǵǸ˵ġɽ桯
΢ʱҲ̫ǲֱһԻƭԲźԼֻ֣ҪϸͿԻᡣ
ʱⶴ⴫һ죬̫ڶ΢ͷһ·Ӧһ鶴״
˿̺ɹŽ̶һʱûеǳ⣬΢ٲܵ飬һɨ˺ⶴλá
ⶴҹǧһȴҹ飬飬ںⶴ롣
Ȼ鱻һֵɱΣ˿ı壬ȴ΢ۣɹŽصλá
Σ鶴˷ͫңҪ鶴飬һɣ˷ͫͻĶһԾΪ쾳ĴڣʱɨһУ̫
΢ϸλԵɣڿ϶ˣ΢¹֮ˣ¾͵Ҫϡ
ȻԵɣǾȲˣ΢λһȻһѾǵ˺ⶴȻԥץαװһöҹ顣


һǧһʮ ѹ˷ͫ
ԭ֮ǰ𶯣Ҳùꡢ̫λľѣǵΪߣȻԸӦ𶯵ķ鶴Ȼ鶴
û뵽ǣǰ΢ȻͻȻ˺ⶴλ̧ͷһɫ䡣
ãڡ
Ҫʲô
λ֪¹ش̫ڵƽںⶴ̫ڵˣ֪λõ˿˵֮٣ֻ̫쾳һĸ߲֪
΢˿ץģ顣
λҲ˼Է֪λõģ̾Ҫ˻ĴҵģΪԷԶ顣
ԭܼ򵥣ڵĵطкǿƵģ˲ǿеȡȻᴥƣʱлػ飬ԷֶٸߣҲòߡ
һ̣΢һ̫ۼ⣬ʧƷ䣬ƿƣ
棬Ҷ裬˵һ쾳ͬ쾳ɸҲƷƿʱ˵
̫Ȼ֪ͬģҪ֪ǿǴ̫ĵطôûн󷨣Ҫǿƿ󷨽ƣƾһΪֱǳ롣
ȻΪȻȻǱͻȻֵ״һȴģΪΪԷƿơ
һ̣΢һƷȥ֮󣬾һ죬󷨽Ʊƿʱ𶯡
й󷨽ƣ˿̾ȻǱ΢һƷǿк俪
ֱɵ
ܣ̫һı飬ڸոǻ϶Էͻλµ󷨽ƣȴû뵽Ƭʱ䣬ͱǱžž졣
Ҳͬı飬ȻǶ˶벻ףΪζԷƿµ󷨽ơ
ȻףΪ΢һβõͨƷ䣬Ʒӳĵ
ƷƷ̫֮ǿᣬȻнƣ΢޷ȫãֻܽһ˿Ʒ֮һ˿Ʒ֮ȴ΢ƿĽơ
󷨽һƣ֮谭ʱ̫ڹ̫λҪҲˡ
ͼ΢һץͽڶȡС
˰ˣŭǳ⡣
ʱ˺λ˶ȻǺɽ棬ǰȡ̫λˡ
˵֮ǰ͵͵ĵһ֮ǰ΢Ľס뷨ӷ̣һ鱩¶𷣡
ֻ֮ǰ벻κηӣۿҪȴû뵽ôһ£Ȼõһޱȣ˵ס
һͿԽ´£۶Է˭Ҫ̫飬ǾǺ̫ڲˣ˵˭Ȳ˶ԷҲ˵ܶԷǲǺɽ涼ѾҪȡ˲䣬Ѿע˶ԷȻ̫ڵĵˡ
̫׹λѾȥ΢Ҳǲʩչ֮ͼһų΢¡
ŵһߣ鶴
λ΢˷̫ʵȣҲ鶴ɹŽ˼λǲţ߹һΣһ֪΢һ仰Ǵ߹ţ鶴ڡ
̫׹λҲһ㶣࿴һۣӱ˴п㵺ͳɣԷȻ˵鶴ɹŽĪ˵ģ鶴״ɹŽ
֣ԺƬ̣Ҹȥ̫ʱ˵˵ҲԷӦǸš
̫ŵʱ򣬾ͰԾ̾ɷȻһŽͬĿռ۵ռ䣬ޱȡ
ţȻԼ鶴ڣǰһҲĿɿڴš
˿鶴е鶼һâǰ棬һ޴Ķ¯ӰһòŮӣŮӼΪŹ֣Լ˫۴˿̰޹⣬Ψüϳһֻ۾ɢźơ
ԶɹŽڷĹɱѾֲ˶ãٿǸԳһɳ΢Ȼֳ飬Ƕ¯ӰеŮӡ
̫ףɵվʲôæɹŽ̫ȴĿɿڴĿţǳǳ⡣
ɹŽǵ̫彣Ϊǵλ̫ڶܼҲˣҲκβ
ʱ̫Ҳǻæͷа΢Ȼ˵ĶģǷɹŽȥȡģҲ΢ǽѹǹŹֵŮӡ
ɹŽˣȻҲӣǺֵѣһ֮


һǧһʮ Σ
̫Э΢ɹŽѹ֮ǰһ𶯵ȷΪ飬ɹŽܺ˷ͫƬ̣û뵽Էڶ֮İ֮¾Ȼǣһȭǽ鶴ҡҡ׹ЩɹŽ顣
˲֪ɹŽȴոնԷһȭֱǷƣȭƲ񷣬ȻǽԼĽ嶼һѷ졣
Ҫ֪ԼıǿɹŽʲôĴڿԽɹŽһѷ죿
΢Ӧ죬ȡ鷵ֵĶŮˣɹŽѾˡ
ɹŽּĴڸ뵽ϾȻ˿˵пֱӽɱ
ͷͫĶ̫ǿˣǿĳɹŽԤϣɹŽҲûˣ֪ܷĶѹ
ܣô̫ڱȻǬԪɽҲӭһѡ
ɹŽҲĶ˿ȫͷһŹֵķͫƣǷͫ޸飬ֻɱ¾֮ɹŽ뵽ǰ̫˵顣
һ˲䣬ɹŽʲôѿڶ˷ֵͫѣ̫ףвֻ
΢һɹŽԣ֪Ϲ񽣱Ȼ뵽ʲôҪ˵ʶɹŽ϶ͬ죬Ͼ̫彣̫Ȼö࣬öࡣ
΢ӾŶɵļ䵱УҲûѰڡĶȻɹŽô˵һֻ̡Ǵ˿Ҳϸѯʵʱ΢˿ֳ飬ѾԸо渽ǿܣҲֻܼϣ飬ϣĴ̫Խ˷ͫѹס
̫˿ɹŽĺɹŽмĶĹƣ΢׼ʱ𣬳Ķ
Ķ˿ԼѾȫ˷ͫѹƣ˿̷ͫҲ΢鵱̽鵽ǿæ˫һӣһȭӰȭӰȭ⣬ܱܿ
΢֪˿Ҳ˺ڵ˷ͫҪɹʱ䣬Ľ鶴ǰٷְٿԽ쾳ʱѹһС
΢㲻ܣǽ̤ţͳȥ
һ̣һȭӰƲĿռ۵Ҫһٽ΢ɱ΢Ŵһʱ䣬ϵǰݺݰ˷֮ͫϡ
һ˲䣬ϱһŽ⣬⵱Уɼ̫Ӱͼǲƺֿժǣȭ׽սһһЩĸǳֱӺ顣
ֽ׶ܼ
˷ͫȻԵޱȣϾûĶ̤쾳磬ӿֳ̫Ӱ֮£ҲǺ޵ֿ֮ͼ̫Ӱָһ㣬һǬ֮ǿ׻һǳ۵һָ˷֮ͫϣ˲佫ⷨͫɢ
ͫһɢ֮ǰȫ飬ȻڱҲӹһ٣۵۵׷£ͬһһ㡣
˷ͫƵڶ֮Ҳ˲ָ΢״һͼĶһҲ붦¯һ˲䣬΢ĶԼӯӯһݣȻڸмຣ
̫ĵ⣬Ȼ΢ҲĿɿڴ̫ȷǴ̫ڣһɾȫɾȼϹŴܣֻǼĴ鵱еһ˿ȻǿȻһͽԼ̫ɹŽֶκβõ˷ͫɢ
ֲã̫ڳ̫֮⣬沢ûгʲôĸ֣Ҳ겻һΪɹŽǿ飬飬˵һȫȼҲȾָ̫ڡ
˿̫ӰûȫɢǱɹŽ̫ѾǹȥǣѾ̬ҲǸֳΣ̫Ӱ
΢ͬһ̫֮ɵǰձ֣ȾŶɶҪһЩԸӦ
̫Ӱȴ΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻһ»鵱С
΢ҲǽĶȫˣڶ֮ɡ
΢ֳ飬ƮȻ£黹̫̫֮ǰΪƽͣðʧ̫֮¡
ʱ̫Ȼóȷ³򣬸˵ɹŽڳ֣Ҳ˵ֻǵͷһ޷ѯɹŽȥŪ֮žһ亹ԭ̫ڲһͻһ
ٿ΢ѾǴŸм뵽ʲôʵֵѣϴ춴ǱҶɣǲֵ㣿


һǧһʮ ΢˭
ԷȻʣ΢ȻϣͷȻһ£̫ɫһһףȻŵһĺ˵˵ԩˣΪԷǺɽ棬ֱǶѼˡ
ˣ̫ȥ͹ǽףֵѣ£һ̡ɹŽ̫˵һ˵̫֮æ˳ȥѾջѣȥ֮ŭȥҵһˡ
ⶴڣɻûдӸոյ𺳵лع˭뵽Ȼ˵̫ܵںⶴȡȻ󲿷˶֪ʲôʣܲںⶴ룬Ǳﱻȡ֮ⶴڵĹâһ룬֪Ǳ򵥡ٿһҪɱ˵ģɵҲ֪ǳˡ
Щ˵У˷ܵĵһ
ΪԼ군ˣλ֪Լƻ죬ݺˣȻܵ𷣡
ܻΪ
˵ΪҪǻǧʱͻģǱΪǵǱܡ
˭֪ȻǷ·תԼȻȥȡ̫飬ǲǺɽ棬ѾҪҶ̫ڵ飬Ǵӽ󣬱̫ڵУǲݡ
һԼһ˭⣿˭ֻȥ׷
ԵһǲͼӴףԷ˵ĶӯǽͷҲ˽ȥ
ţոˮҿԲ˵һаˬٿŴ˿Ҳˣɫѿ֮ǰֹһ˶֣˽֮飬һһң˵Ǻһģп˵
ĳֳ֮ˣ治֪˾ȻǼٰһˣ֪罫նڽˡֻ֪й˵ܰȻ¡
ƢܺõģǴ˿Ƥӵ±ߣҲŭ˿Ҳö˵ʲô紫ȥ̫ڣǬԪɽԲԱ֮ߡ
Էߣӵսı߽磬Ҳ׷ȥ
ʱԱڶɼ޵ȴ߳һˣлҪ˵ǰһЦѣ԰꣬ҿ»ǰ⡣
һϵλǶҫǾҲһλ쾳ˣͷܴȻֻһλɢˣȴΪĸߣͨ
Ǿγԣǲ֪ȡߵǺ֪ȻҲ侲һЦ뵽ʲôʣѵǾ֪ʲô飿
ЦЦԳһɳ΢ȴŵġ
һʱȴǲǾ˱ȻǼðģ㻹һڶǬԪɽֹһô˵һɳڲɹ٣һǼٵģ΢ֱȻҲǱࡣҴ˾֮ǰƻ춴Ĺޣ̫²Ǻɽ棬˵ɽռĳλ˵һ𡣡
һ֪һ˵ȷ΢ǰʱȫһд֮λҲţ֪٣˵λͷǵһ֮һŶɵת˹ΪѴű֮˵ϣɽλȼ磿⣬һλ֪Ҳò˵̫ΪǺɽ棬ȻǲܵģΪ֪ɽ֮ѾǱλľű֮նɱɽ飬ûкɽûкɽ棬Ըںɽƻ춴֮˵ҫǾɢ޵еĵλߣҪ۱ֺ͵ҵλ̫׺͹֮ϣĻû˻ɡ
һһɫ䣬½Ʊ㲻Ǻɽ棬ҲǶһոλȡ̫ڵ£̫ڱ˲ݡ
˵Ǳ̫Ҳô鶴Ϲ⻰ֵһȻ֪ڸĺ˵˵̫ŭźԶѾʩչ̫һƴ˹ȥͬʱһŪǷǵСˣ˵˵ƭλɼңҽձΪ̫Ż
ɣһһûӦͱһִ̫ڵء
ΪһȻҲ쾳ɣȴǱ̫̫࣬һ̫ļΪͻȻһѹûӦͱһƴ򵹡
̫ΪŭԳּأһ¾ȻǴĵһɵ飬һ㽻ȥ
̫֣һҲһ̫Ϊλ


һǧʮ Ż
̫ŭһƴȥιҪʸ̵̫꣬ҳͽŰ࣬⼸ǧĽꡣ
Ҳһ֪̫ŭŻˣҲһû
˭̫˼Ϊֱʲô¿ԽӣȻҪڳͽһ˵Ȼɡ
ȻˣԼȻ
һȻɵ򱻴ıѣϾûгױ飬һΪͷһ⧲һȴԸִУ˦һǿס̫Ĺơ
̫֮ɣҲȨ֣ҴɷһԣʱҲֻӲ̫ڵĹ˵¡
ȷҲ쾳Ľɸ֣ûдŹأ̫Ϊ̫֮һҲܲ׾ֱӷԼΪ
̫һȴŭҲ֣ͣһȻҺɷ̫ڵŹ浱ûἰ޹Ϊ£γʹû˵Ϊһ֮˽Ĳıĸγʹû˵ŪǷǣߵڰ׵ģγʹ
һʣʵĵһɫ԰ס
֪һǱ¶ˣȻһô£ΪǸԳ΢ļһﶼ̫飬̫׷Լ鷳϶ʲôط©
Ȼ״һ㹻ˣԵһ϶ܳϡ
µһһתƱ̫ǲǸԳ΢ô˵ģⶼ˵˵У̫͹⣬һףΪԸһ̫ˣȴԸڵֵܣʵĺ
һҲƱ֮ˣ仰һ˵в˺˵ͷȻ˵еҲǿ̫ʵոǵ֮ˣץûУ
̫εȻᱻһǣűߣµһ벻֪ܣȻڵߵڰףãķڷ
˵̫꣬ˣȥһӣ磬
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̫΢ݣΪȡһһǰӲ춷飬Ҳûκα
ÿ˵һ䣬һɫͲ԰һ֣˵󣬵һѾǺѪɫ˵ˣΪԣŵ̱ڵء
ԭһҵĽѾðǰŶɣǿɵܣĪⰡֲ֮ǰܽǰ㲻ĵ⣬ʵǸˣ˰ҫǾ˿̶ǳ˵
ԭĺɽѾնɱǳһϵ츣ȴû뵽ȻΪһ֮˽ƻ죬ߵڰ׵һңʵǿɶһɼ޴˿ŭɭɭ˵һǴŨŨıĺͲм
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ٿһӣ˿̶ңˣ亹ֱ
̫ˣ԰벽˵Ҹոԣаԣ
Ѿŵ죬˿ֱӹڵϣͷ̫ûаԣʱˣʦûиΪһ֮˽ڤޣŴ㽫λϣҶ˲δ룬
һ仰ǽһˡ
ɫ԰ѪҪԸ΢û뵽Էͷô󣬶֮ǰǷɹŽ֮ȡ飬һ̫ܹжء
֪һǳ׵ˣƤ⵵£쾳ɸ֣Ҳ𷣣ֱӱϵΪǿ
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͵Ĵһͼ˲죬һʩչŲ֮ʹߡ
ΪߣһŲѾǳ˺ⶴŲƣѾ֮⣬һ±ӳǬԪɽ
ʱ鶴зɳһӽ⣬ɲ֮䣬ͽ֮ĵһһնɱ겻


һǧʮһ ˾ŵ
ǵ⣬Ѿ׷ⶴɶĤ֮⣬һЩ̫ʧĽ⣬֮նɣ̽ȡĪ̫ڵɹŽ
̫ǵͷ̫˿̾˿Ҳֻ˵һΪһϾ̫ڵĸ߲㣬ȴû뵽һȻҪӣû뵽ɹŽԳŻ
ȻɹŽ֣ǹ˵ʲôˣɹŽ̫͵̫̫ҪŻ˭
鶴ڣɹŽУһ֮ͷ΢Цֵѣ˷ŹɣɱһΪŻˣո˵ˣ
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΢ΪһȻ̶ֳѾܿɹ󣬸ɹǣɹŽĴδı䣬֮ǰԼɱŪԵ֮һЦ
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˵ɹŽ΢ֵѣո˵ǧǰ˽ٶ˷ͫУνѹģ
ʵɹŽԴһ˿⡣
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ֻѹ˵ĸеĲУĴӾŶͻƶ˭
ʱ΢һЩҲˡ
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΢뵽һ£ΪϾսеһˣ˭Ტۡ
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һǧʮ Ӵ
΢ͫһ֪ԼҸȥһϾɽһ̽
Ͼ֮Ҳ϶һǣҲᴫɵ󷨣ˡ
ɹŽ΢̸һǸ΢˵飬ѰҶԿѡ
ȻɹŽ΢ǾŶת޾űɣֶηǷʸΪѡ
΢ɹŽ̸ʱ鶴аѰʱʵģǱ仯ԭͣ鶴ȥתȥˡ
̫ɽ֮ȻŨɽˮ㣬ûһǾѰӱ̫꣬Ҳ֮ǰܲһǶǺ档
ʱǰһȺ̫ڵӷεŮɣÿ˶һʳǰ溬ⶴȥ
Ѱԭһ̰Եɾã̫㻯ӾǺӣ޳ͨҲĵţֻƾԼ츳̽鷨֮⣬̫ԸƵƤëʹһһҲ㹻ˡ
˵ѰӸһֻѧĺӣ˿̼ʳǹĲ棬ﻹܰ͵סǻһӰӣȥ
ѰҲڹˣҲǺֱԼôҲ̫İ״ˣȻӣ̫ڣǵλǱȲӦҲ룬һһ̫ڵĶʲô⣿
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ʮƺʳŮɸӦͼһӰͬһ㣬жŵƺʳȫϯһա
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һߣŮֵĶ̫쾳һĽƵɵרд͵ģÿʮóһΡ
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Ѱӷ˹ȥֱЩŮɣȻץһɵ«ﵹ
ʱһǳ⴫һϬնѰӡ
η󱲣Ȼ̫Ұ
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Ѱľһ仰˿һŭޱȣǲ㣬һҧһ⡣
һļΪɽþִϴǧɽ˵̫ڵҲǺպ
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ִǵѣڵѪ
ǿķϣǧʱƳĲþɽȻôһˡ
ִΪһѪȥֱȥ


һǧʮ ʦ
˭ԼѪƣƽյķôٵ絶ʣ
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ԽԽֿܣ²ģôǺɹŽһ㣬ĳǵʦү


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ȫһ֮飬ȻϢ٣Ҳеģټ֪˽ɫɲ֪΢
Ծű֮նɱɽ棬ת֮档
֣ͤһˣͽȫµˣǽ֮Ӻꡣ
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΢뿪˷ѾĶĶûȫԵһ֮չؼա


һǧʮ ε֮
̫ڣҫǾĽ⣬΢ȵ֮ڶ˰ݼ΢ȴǲϲ˷ʱ䣬Բ߸˵ؾŶ΢ֻҵ֮֮ȫָͻ谭΢˽⣬Էٷְٻж΢þҵʣĵؾŶ
ԼѰҵؾŶ飬΢Ҳ֪ܲصס󷽷չ¶˵֮Ӻ꣬ȴǴûӺ
̫⣬΢΢׼Զ߸߷֮ʣȴǰӰԼ
һɹŽһȻѰӡ
΢һЦ;ǧһɹŽ֪ҪߣֺαңѰӣǴһ𣿡
ѰӼæҡͷʲôЦ̫ںóԺúȣǰҵʦ湩ţôõĵطҲŲߣר㣬ɣҲϹ룬֮һûȥء
˵Ѱӻľ΢ԭܼ򵥣һ΢ȳģѰȻֻһҲ֪ͼԲŶ΢ƴӣѰͨѰ̽˵ܿʲôǣʲôǲѰӿ΢ֲǵĴڡ
΢һЦѰ츳е̫ƵƤëݣ˵ýõϣɹŽȻᵽǽҲкĻᡣ
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΢һЦȻǽܺ⣬ѰһֱµɹŽȥȥҡ
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˵Ķ˵ˣ˾磬Ƶᣬ΢һһȭһŽ̤ţƮȻȥ
˷̫ڣҲǻ࣬ǽύɹŽѰλѣԿˣ͵Ƕǿİ֡
΢ҪѰһؾŶڴ֮ǰҪһ֮Ķͨɡ
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һ΢˲ϢȻֻƬʱ䣬΢Ѿսһط
΢ʩչڶ֮Ķ˵⣬ǷֲУԷҲ΢ѡĵطսΪƫƧͻߵ
˿΢̤ţУ̧ȥѰ֮ȴżȻ俴һεǳ
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΢ţ˲䵽θ֮ϡ
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΢չصʱ䣬⸡м˹ս²ݣ˹УʿΪձ飬ʿơ
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˹У˹ֽ֮ľˮ޵Ҳ֮
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˼䣬ٻʿ˵˴һ·ӣѾޱȣֲ׷ԶиϢ
ʿдӵܱʮµ̬ͣ뺷˿Ҳ˺ۣʧơ
ȥӵĵֻж٣ͳһҼĵȥʮ̽飬һˮ׷׷ʾܱһ£ʿǰȥ¡
ʱʿһȣòŮʿʿ޷ִֻϵĻ𾧻ʯһζ
ܱ˷ˮַҹ߾ʵЩ֣֮ˣһһܱǹҵϵ֪岻ԵɣŮ޳ʵ


һǧʮ ʿ
ܱ˿Ůʿһۣ̾˿УξµȷΣǵҵˣҲ֪ԭΪ£֮ǰһһȥҵҳֻһһţֻд֣ʡ
УξŮʿǵܱĸ֮һͳٻʿֻ֮ǰˮĴսУڶ˵ˣʣʮ˵ʮһ֮ǰĴսжҡ
Уξüһ壬˵ܱ֪ԵɵģֻΪһЩԭ򣬲͸¶
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һܱ⻰УξΧٻʿ¶ɫһſʿģսļٶˡеĸ߼ٶսˣ·ǵܱĹְߡ
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΢Ҳ˵ٻֱԵȻǶΪܲǲҿǺǱȵܱǿһòʮУܱذܣ


һǧʮ ţ˵
˵⻰΢ҲǸǴԤ룬û仰ͱ¨ӡ
˵Уξһ㵣дš㶮ʲôı飬ǺõģΧĻʿֱŭĿԣУǲӵġ
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΢ɫƽϻ̫࣬ҲҶʹ
εʱӹ仹ǱһͨʿŭƾղǾ仰ҲҪѿҲҪٻܾʹ࣬ȻҪҾͳȫ㡣
˵̫һӣһˮȻûн΢֣ͬʩչֶͨΣֻͨҪ΢նɱ
ȴ΢㶼㣬ƵһƬ½ɽҲһмͽˣһ̣ȴ΢һץͽһڵˮֱץ


һǧʮ һȭٵ
΢⵽ץһôд⡣
һĻˣȴǷ·һ㣬šǺ꣬Ǿ㣬Ҫ֪ˮɽˮżǿ˵ǲһ߶ɼ˺˵ˮȫɣոѾȥˮΪλûɢȥ
벻ͨ
㾿ǺˣΪˮûзֻ֧ά״㾿ʲôɫأˣǰ˿ͨͨԲ򵥡
ˣҲΪԷʸսԼԼоԵģʿУ˾֮£ŵǰڽܶľ˾֮£ûаգ֮⣬һɱһ
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΢ֵͨݿ˵ǼΪף˵΢ϰߵľǾһ񽣾΢Ѿ¯ĵزͨ񽣾ǿˮ淨
񽣣Ժ񽣾ȣ֮ˮ淨ȴǲ˺ֹʮǧˮ淨΢ѾǶ쾳űɣҲͬõϡˮ淨ˮɺͨޱߣˮ淨΢Ըˮ֮ԿݣӶ˽⵽Էеͨ
һ΢Ū񽣵ĹͰأȴҡҡͷ
񽣣˶ѡ΢˵һ䣬ӿһ棬ˮٳһŰ
Ȼ̫һ㣬΢񽣾ֻˮеֻΪԽʩչȻҲǿһЩ΢ȴ˷ʱо
΢⻰ڱ˶УǾǿԴĿˡ
ΪŭȻǺ꣬ԷȻ񽣣ǱŭҺμҵ񽣣ݵСۡ
˵꣬ŭڣԾ𣬽ָ죬ͼȻӴһ̣â֣ɼˮ΢
СӣҪʬΣٳĥһΣǶ񽣹ϳ˵ĽʽС
һУԵеʱûʩչһΣ΢仰Ūıŭʩչ
һ΢ǸˣǺμҵǿ˭֮³
ΣҪɱţ˿
ãǿʽ֮һˣҲܵ𿴳һеֱ³֮ǰǸûʩչȫԼˡ뵽ԷȻèһˣоֵͬʱŭޱȣΪȲ˼ңŭҲǰ״
ƲˣߵӲǽϵʮ⣬Զ½ɽҲɫ˵Ȼôһ֣Ȼ֮ǰľţˮѣǷĿɾԲꡣ
һ̣ǧˮѾЯɽ֮ƴɸ߿£΢ΧɷΧ֮ڶڣ˵Χ֮ڵκˣκζ˲仯ΪС
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΢΢˵ΪҪ꣬ڣȫʬˡ̾˿һ
΢콣ȴ˿壬ֻǵȻǽ˶ѣһ
˵ֳ꣬ȭ΢΢һһȭ
һȭͨȭ˲䣬һ汼ӿͻȻըһ㣬˲䱬򱶡
еˮһ˲ȫûڶ⻹㣬΢ȭƸ˲䴩ԽɾִǰڶԷ㵺Ͳŵ׵УֱӺС
䣡
һ죬Ļűƺȭκ壬ױ֮ױ֮Ȼ΢ѹƵ˾֮£ᱻؾŶҲԲǺֵܵġ
ױеĺ꣬˲ͱճɷɻң𣬴Ӵٲ
棬ھ޴ױĹ֮£ǧֵɵʿ½ɽŵĲ̱ڵϣһȭ֮Ǻϣʣ϶һ
뵽ԼȻΧôһֲĻֻ֣о£߻ǧǸоһ˿ȫС
˾˭ֶΣԺͽܶľᲢˣǿ


һǧʮ ˵Ǿ
½ɽְ˼ǣ֪μΪ˺ôһԳһֵŵϵרһ˼Χ꣬Ϊֱ걻Ǹ˻ɱǺμ˵Ӱ
ȻԷôʧְܸ½ɽֻ˵Ǻμûӳæ
ɾͶˣĸ˵ǸһȭɱĻʿ򵥡
ֻԼڻʿ֮µĸҲ˽͸һ֣һ֮⣬лһȭּҵŮΪҲǼߣʵ޼֮֮¾ûʲôˣôʿǴðģ
½ɽȻթĸֻ̫С벻Ǹμҵˣں֮ǰѾɱϢ֪ǻŵ̾ӡ
ʿߣݵľ֮󣬱ʿǣȸԾȻǲǸ΢ʲôͷչǻʿôɱ꣬ʹǻƣȻҪȸԾ
Ψһò˼ľǷƺ͵ǶӵܣͨĻʿͬ۽ߣʶ㣬Ҳڻһĵ̡
ΪٲţۼΪʵǸ΢һȭֱɱ꣬ʵʵΪͨ˼٣Ҳ٣Ƕ˴˿̶ڲ²΢ݡ
пܵģǻּҵӵܡ
ֻֻּ֮Ҳпǿһʿټ΢Ҳ֣һΪ֮£ǷƻǵΪ΢ּҵˣҾּһǸԺͽĲܶľİ㶦Ÿ֡
𻹺ãƴ˿ȴЩ̣֮ǰС΢û뵽΢Ȼôǿжţ˵Ȼôô˵֣һʼͶ֣ܱҲˡ
˿ȴͻΧ
ʱ΢һȭɱзӪǿĸ֣ͿˮʿǾֵı֪ǵĴж
˿̲ߣʱ
ֻʣһ½ɽŶԷҲӲ½ɽ˵Ǻ˽ģԷִȻʿԾԲҳǰ΢ΪҪһɱǧˮʿҪɱ½ɽȴ練ƣˣ½ɽθҳԷȻԼߣȺף𺳣赲ͻΧ
ھõĻᡣ
뵽ӷһö𵤣һ£о֮ȫ֮ǰҲڿٻظľķҲ޲
Ķǣо׽ȥɱ˿һչֳһٻʿͱ΢ոһȭöļޱȣ˿̸ʿͬʱ󺰳ɱŵȥ
΢ߣʱܹȥкһȻЩ΢ʵԷּӵܣҲҲʲôҶԷʵһȭɱֵ꣬𾴡
֪΢ոΪѹΪʵǺķ˲ٵһȭҪɱˣѹ˾֮£ʵףڰˡ
΢˿ҲǸ󲿶һͻΧΧĵйʿʿټ½ɽ˿̸¶ͷȺ֮£һ磬һʿ䣬ȻԵֵмܣƬ֮һɱٻʿˣѾͻΧˮûиȻҲ׷һ·оͣ
ǰʮǻأأǻأʱͲЩ׷ˡʿʱ˵ȻоΪʿ֮壬ԽɣټͻΧʿһɣ¶Цݡ
Ȼʱ˶ҽ΢ٵһͨĻʿǽɺ͵ܱһλĴڡ
ƾ΢һȭɱ꣬ȳֵ𾴡
ֵܣ֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽ벻ǻȭּҵӵܣҸոһֻȭƺ죬Ǿţ㣬ҲͻΧʱ΢˵
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Ǳ߷Ҳɫӵ벻ּҵˣ֮ǰС㡣
΢ʾ޷ǵǷƶʲôȭּҵˣ΢ȻҲϣҪԷ뵽ݣò˵ּҵˣҾּҵˣϣҲϡ
Ƭ̣оû߶ãȻһΰĳǹǰ棬·һʯϣ赲֮С
Ǳǻء


һǧʮ ر
һֱصĳǽĻʿ˲˿ˮͻȻѾ֮ǰı߾ǹأ֮ھǻأڣҲǻķߣֻͬҪزƣͿɰȻ
ڽصʱȴһЩ鷳ŲҲǹң֣ʱս״̬
ԭΪˮս£ݱĽУҲмϸ룬ԲŻСģһ̲ʵҲʱһʱΣȻǽĸʱջѣҲûӡ
һϣһֱʱ֣غصĳſŻʿվԣмһƲӣģʿ
ʿϻϢŨһ𵶣⵶̺ĳྦྷͰִɣǻʿõļַ֮һֻ֮˲
ȻȻģȻбͼЦ˼Ȼ˼սֽţʵͷһЩøλõˣϣⲻǵ벻Ҳˣһ·ӻ˰
˵Ȼǹˣ𿴵ˣҲɫÿŭԪ壬󣬾ǽȥɡ
һϣʿҲЩܣȻԪˣһ£Ứôʱ顣
ͿԪЦЦ㲻˰ɣˣҲ̫СǼˣΪظأԱҵְڣǷǳʱڣȻҪϸ飬ϷϸǧҪΪԪ㡣
ţԱ߷Ѿ̲סˣŭԪ壬ǹˣ㵱ڱȶһֱģΪ˶Ϲӣ
ԪһһƣעԴǣ㲻ССУξҶҸ˵ŲҽһϹ֮
ңεҲˣڣǰһһϯΧٸɿݵĲľ˲䱻ȼ
Ԫ״Ҳ˿ãȻǵһ𣬺͵Ļԡ
һӣǽţŵһ·ӻٻʿ˿ȻԵǰ˿̶ɱڣһԲϾֱӿļơ
˿ãԪɫ뵽һЩ˿ԣķͻԼͷϻعٴˣʱһ𷣣뵽һЦȥЦ𣬿Ц㲻ôˣɣɣȻǲҲԡ
˵꣬Ȼתߣó·
һԪãĻʿǻǷҲһʤģֻվȺе΢Ԫк֡
Щ΢ûϵֻҪͨؽҪȥ̽ؾŶ䣬飬ȷǺϵ
˽أһֱǵ£Ҫʱʱ̿̾СģҪ̫࣬ڶʿ·ѾޱȣͷȥҪʳ˷ƳһգȻͷ˯
΢ҲżȵϢ֮ڸ·Ҳá
ͬʱԪ鷿УɫǹЦгԹģرԸŹᡣ
ңԪҺ͵һأлԵһЩ飬Ի֣һΣ֪˻ʱ򣬾ͻʱڤ˼룬뵽һı˿Լĸ٣ȥżԪЦΪӻûˣҪսѻأȥʮȥǿҿԴ
Ϣеĵ˺ܿͱһѣǧɱڵĻʿмܱľٴӽǳθŵӻĻʿ
ǰнս˰̣Ȼӻվáƫ飬ձЩڿʼ˽ұƣеعʿӵУرϱǵΪԭбơһ̬ǿɫʿ˵˷ȻΪ
˵ֳ꣬̾Ĳëʵѯ¼Ĳ֮ϡ
ͷһǹۣƫβЦܱܱλشѾǸ㰲µλãǻܱ㼰ȥΡ
üͷһ壬ȡǵһŭЦƶһҲǻʧɫŭôǸոմսûüȻҪɳȥļҵȥ


һǧʮ 
ȻһŮԸֱˬʲô˵ʲô˿̸оȲȻֱӱŭ
ƫʱɫһǳ󵨣㲻һУξȻҲҴСУŲ̽˽
ƻ˵ȴǱ˻
ȻҵӾǡȻ֪ԪŪֶΣûӣԷڻְȨְҪߣصĸأ˼ȨѹˣҲûӡ
ԪҪԼȻ£ҲɵӣмƣȻԷҪǾ͵ĪԼԪ岻ɣ
ҵҲе̵ģڻҲ壬ȻȭּңҲ׸ֻҪ뷨ŻȥȻԽԼع
ȵʱٺԪҲ١
֮£ֻȵͷ
ô˵ҲǻУξ֮һŭ֮Ҳ뵽һ㣬侲ǽ
Ǳ΢ȴС
ԼȻ䵽һطҪȥֿ΢ֻЦһĵ浱Լǿڻˣôʹôʹ
ʣ΢⹷ƨΪǲǻˣһˣö쾳𣬾űɣôЩ֮Ϊ˲ﱻϢʴĵؾŶ΢ֱӾɱǻˣҲΪĸؾŶ΢ŻѡʿһȥԷҲֲ
Ǳ߷ƺ͵С˵˵ǹεĵ΢εͨһ˸
ԭǸԪ壡΢Ѿ˴㣬ȻҪ͵£֣ܶ΢˷ʱ䣬Ҫϵһ̽
Ԫ鷿˿һǧĵŮʿΪȣԪƷزѣһ߶һ
ȻòԪʵʵķ˭ʲôסֻпԼʵ
ưţʵȴһ֣һһΪŬͿ̿ĸ֡
Ѿؼ⣬꣬ұ֤ɾͻˣߣʱʲôʲôңҽ²Ԫ緢뵽Լʩչļƣ˷ޱȡ
ʱȴͲ˵֤һ졣
˭
Ԫ巴Ӧ죬˵˲䣬Ѿǻһ֣ڵУǸȵŮʿŵļһһ̣̱һ㣬ڵϣ²֪
ʱԪ忴Լһϣһˡ
ԪļԺܺãһˣ˾üΪ죬Ǹŵһˣ
ԲӦһˡˣȻ΢˿΢ϣϵһЩţУеӣԪкûס
Էôģ
ҪʲôһССʿȻôҵ鷿֪֪Ԫ΢΢һ࣬Ϊ˵סһֻʩӡ
֪Է϶һ㣬͵͵ʩչɱﵣȭһżΪĻȭ֮£ɱ֮һһҲסԷᡣ
һСϵù΢΢ֻһЦ̧ʾԷʱ֡
Ԫ־£Ԫ巴Ӧ죬̳ȭ˲䣬ȭƣߺըɣһĿ꣬˦ֻǱǿȭͻɱ
ԪһмţãԷԴ󣬵ֵܵ
һ̣΢һ˦һƷ䣬ͷһˮһ㣬˲ͽԪΪİһʣȫ
ԪʱŵĻɢʶˣҾϣһȻôܻ֮佫Լ
ӦҲǼ죬ǹϣǽһҪȥͬʱҪȣΪſڡ
ֻ΢еķɿЦġ
һ̣΢һץɾ룬ֱӿסԪʺǶá
΢УԪֻϣҪɱֻ΢΢ӣ΢һõļƻԿԪһۣԷŵĻɢͬʱʵ

һ죬صڶʿǼʶʲôϦģԣϦµʱϵֻ´ﲻʱ͸ˣˡ
ԭɢĵɲͷƣӵµĵǾͬظԪһ𣬻ٸϻعš


һǧʮ ˷֮ͫ
ʿоƥΪȫ֮£ƥҲȲΪʿԴس֮ٻʿԪʮһ·ǧʱ֣ѾԿǾ޴ĳǽ
һ·Ԫ嶼ľڴ磬Ǹ΢ʿԴݿһеźֶȫƵΪ˱Ԫֻƴӣûһ뵽ԷǿֲΪ֮ԼڵһŹֵķ׭Ԫ͸оԼǷȻޱȡ
ΪϣԷҽڷػҲ
ΪԪ
ڱǾ벻ͨΪԪͻȻת̬ȣν³ͷƾôģһ·ֱ˻Ԫ嶼ûκҪֶԸǵ˼ǰ˼⡣
΢˵ʩչһЩֶξڶʱڵĿҲˡ
ĶͨӦǸؾŶͲ֮ڣ뷨ҵԷʩչڶ֮ա
ֻΪǵؾŶϢʴ±Сģϴһ˷ͫ΢ãýɹŽ̫ڵջΪģѹ˷ͫƫƧĸ֮ϣǿ϶ûãһ˷ͫĶ΢֮ƥУ
ԱҪ䲻⣬֮ǰ΢ϢΪԭ
Ԫصĸڣûʲôͽ֮ڣͷƴǵľɲȥıԪȴǽʽ΢ߡ
ȵ뿪֮Ԫû֮ǰ߸ϵĹͨһڵϣ΢үԸ飬ҶˣǱ߻кܶ飬ҪҽϽƣһȥΣ
ı΢֮ǰֲֶθסˣԶ΢Ǿηޱȡ
΢ҡͷһõĵطգ⣬ȥҴһ£֮ǰûƾնһ󶦡
ԪļڹҲЩģ½ȽϺʣ΢Կ϶ؾŶ󣬳νٲϢͬ統б٣磬̫ڣĶ٣ҲɹŽӭȻǴɹŽֱӾͱĶͨɱΣⶼ˵ؾŶٵƼ
ҲһȻ΢ԸӦǸؾŶ֮ڣôٵʱȻ˲̽Ļ϶Դ̽õ
Ԫ峣أȻ֪󶦵飬ڻϵڶ࣬Ҫ̽Ϣ¡
ԼڶԷԪ嵱ȻǲΥ΢κæȥ̽
΢ԼԪŵĹ֮ۡڣͨ
ֻһˣûа֣ҪԸһϢʴĵؾŶѶȾԲСռȻҪĶͨ΢ȻѾĥֻһ㣬洦ҲǼ
˷΢ٴνĶͨһ飬ȴ֡
΢ĶͨУȻһ˿Ϣ֮ǰʩչڶ֮Ȼûз֡
΢һһϢȴһӿڿᣬû״ܿ죬һȻһͫ
΢һһϳ˷ͫ
ô£˷ͫǱϵɢΪλд΢˲ʩչֹ˷ͫͻȻ𣬵˷ͫж΢ǽĶƣսȺ
ܿ죬΢Ͳ˷ͫȻ֮ѾûֱŰ֮ȶҲٿء
Ȼֻ˷ͫĲд֮
֣΢˿˷ͫﱩǺֱ룬Ͼ滹һ֮ʴĵؾŶһǺ϶Ϊһ΢˵յؾŶǡ
˷֮ͫ΢ĳ׻𣬵գ˷ͫҲǺް취
Ȼ΢޷һ˷֮ͫΨһĺôд
Ȼ޷ΪβΪã΢ðһ󵨵ͷ
ŶɣǴ֮źټһ֮ܵĸʴղѲת
ҲΪˣŶתʱ֮˸һ֪
֮Ҳʴ֮˵һ־綾ͬⶫõõҲԳΪɱ
˿̣֮Ϊ˷ͫѾһͨǶ취ͨþžŰʮһ󣬻˷ͫ
Ȼ΢֪һΣ֮ǰĲµĽƾͻһ֣нϣԼȻ˷ͫɡ
΢ţʱԼӦѾϵؾŶָŶɶʢʱڵΪһ϶ҳƽ֮


һǧʮ ߲
˵ҲΪ΢ڵĵ̫٣ȫؾŶȻҲھˣҲܿƵˣ΢ûпԿ˵ֶΣܽѾʧȥƵ˷ͫãȻԳΪһɱ
ͬУˣʱҲ˼˷ͫȻѾûǸ˵ٿأϾʴ֮ɣҪǵССġ
΢оŶɵļ䣬Ӵʴֻ֮ҪõõԽ˷ֶͫͨΡ
뵽΢ѾǴ⣬ʼþžŰʮһ΢ֶΣ÷ѾҪκý飬ֻҪһ𣬷ͻɣӰΣĴһ߲У˷ͫ
΢һžŰʮһ߲ޱȣں˾ŶɺɵĽ֮һ߲΢޵˷ͫ
Ŀǰ˵˷ͫŵһͨǼļӳ̫֮鶴˷ͫӳֵڶ֮΢ʩչǿ˺ֹٱҼӳֻ֮˷ͫһͨ΢ţ˷ֶͫͨΣЩֻ˷֪֮ͫ
߲˷ͫ΢Խ˷ͫڣ÷ܷ֮ǿʴ֮ķɡ
Ȼ߲Ϊ۵ģÿһ˷߲ͫҪʴһ֣һֱ˷ͫ׸ʴ߲ʱŻ΢˺
΢ţڴ֮ǰ뵽ӳƿ˷ͫ
һ̣΢һ߲˷ͫ㻯һ⣬䵽΢ü֮ϡ
˴֮ڣҲĴ֮˷֮ͫͨֻзڴ˴ܷӳ
΢ӿ֣ͼ΢ü֮һƣһ̣͵¶˷ͫ
ɣ

ޱȣ֮嶼ڴ˴ۼǲԻ֮أУҲǿʢһ֮ظǧ֮õʷ
˿̣ڹһΪֵĽ֮ڣһҾ¥Уͷ뼸λ̸ϾʢҲŨ
ܷ׻СܾһһΪǿʿʱٱơ
Цлˣѵüλֵܻǵңҽӷϴ˷ǻˮּл֮Ѿǽڽڰˣƿǰ
˵ҲЩ̾
ĶǻһȻôݺĵһͬ
ǲ֪Ϊδ˷ˮΥǧǰԼͻȻǻҲûнԭʵ˷ѽ⡣ʱֵ
ʱԱһʿһصĳ磬ӣһ˵һʵ֪µĻһֱر߽Ϣ˵һΪһ
ͷƶһ㶣һʲôֵˮ󶯸ɸꣿ
ҡͷҾͲ֪ˣ˵ľѾʹţƺҲΪҿˮͻȻ󶯸ɸ꣬ǾΪ˸ԼıһЩ룬Ͼϲ飬Ҳֻǲ²⣬֮ǻľˮʵ϶ΪһˣһӦ֪ڰ֮ǰһ˺ǿյľ޴ʻǣʵϾһٵơ
ǵǷƶǴʧɫȻ֪Ǵ¼ʵϼû˲֪Ͼһϣʣǿվͱҫ۵֮硣
˭֪ｵ٣֪﾿ʲôںδá
ڵͷ֪ˣԭһ𶦣˿Ǳá
ЩҲֻ۶ѣȻ飬ȻΪᣬϧ֣Ѿܸҵġ
һͻ˸⣬˵Ϊ棬˵ΪߣѾﵽ֮⣬һּҵӵܴﵽ󾳣ΪԲֻСѣͣĳɾδؾͲȵ˵һľȻҲᵽˮĴս
ʲôȻһȭɱˣϼ˶ޱȣϾ飬Ϣûд
һȭɱ꣬˱Ȼֻ֮ǻһĸ֣
˭
ʱʲôڳһּҵӵܵϣּҵˣ΢ӦʶŶԡ


һǧʮ ܶ
ڳ֮˵УϵȷּҵӵܣҲǵϵ֮һϾΪּǻһңеϵӵҲҪȱҵǿϺܶ࣬˵֮µķּ֣ҵϵо߰˸֮࣬ȻıǸ˵ŮַᣬּһΪ𣬾˵ѾǷ󾳣Ҳֻһ
ڵϵУĩģˣҲǳᲢ۵Ĵڡ͵СʶֵܼӺѣ˿ƷʣҲһ㶡
΢Ҳǵüнֵˣּ֦Ҷïڶ࣬ôҲ֪ģҲʶ˵ܿͷӦΪոյ˵ģһȭɱˮμŵӺˣǽ΢
һ£ƣ˵Ǹ΢һȭɱּ꣬ҵˣϳʵдŲš
Ϊ֪΢ĵϸԵͷû϶ּҵˣҲûϣҳּң˭һȭʱҺ͵綼Էʩչȭʮа˾žּҵһȭ
ǱߵҲǵͷûղҺͻڳٶֵҲۼ֤΢ս꣬һȭ˺񽣣ǽֱӺɱõľһȭƺҪ󡣡
ô˵֪ǿ϶ûˣֻʾ֭Ҳ벻Ǹ΢˭
ּһҲʮˣƽϽõҲôȻּˣȴǺټ棬ƾһ֣ȷЩ벻
΢϶һЦ˵ͷҲʵ̫ʶˣɱȭʲôƨһȭᲢ۵ģ֮ɷʩչıȭǷ˾֮ϲʸʩչּͨҵʲôһȭе
ûӣ˵۽ˣ֪ĶǶûӽ綨ֻԼѾ֪ĶⱾǴġ
Ȼ벻ּûһ΢ӵܴڣʱҲǲ˵Լֻ֪Ǻǵ£һȭɱ꣬Ҳһּҵˣ˵Ȼȥ֤һ£΢λ岮ӵܡ
Ϊк棬ϸϸѯʵʱĶΪֻǷ飬۵ǷǶǼ£Ҳ侳ĸоϸѪڣԼ֮ǰǹªţ벻ԼּҾȻУλȥúúһҪ΢Ͻ顣
ʱͻȻԱǱߴһߺͲм֮
˵ǸǴţ֣Ȼ˵һһȭɱˮֱ꣬ûгӣʲôˣˮμҽļ̳ˣһҲһȭɱ˵ΪμҼ̳ˣκʱһλص˼ֱôܱһȭɱֱЦһɫӴ˿һߺȾƣһ߳Ц
ϵһȻóڳЦǣŭһƢ𱩵ʿӣΪ񡣡
˵꣬ҲΪ˽ѵԷ̧һƣһҪԷƷɣһһ棬ǻʲôèԲѵĵط
ϵ˶ߵӵܣȻ첻µز£һΣȻ塣
һ֮ǰ˵һƷƣһʿȴͻȻͬһƴʱһӡХ˲佫ĻɢǳȥǸʿһ´ɳȥ׿⡣
߶ʱһѪش
µϵȫŭˣһİȴӵǻд͵𣿿Ҳû˵˵ֻһСǻּҵַᣬ˵ɱ꣬ҪӮϼѣһ˶ǵʿһȭɱ񽣺ֻ꣬ɵӲŻš
ƺ㣬ҺͻʿͬϵϢǽ֮
ȻǣϴŭǷʿʵ͵£˿һŭ֮ҲһȭһȭӿԷ
Сվûվһ㣬ӿѵϵĻȭ˳һһ̣ϼͱһѪ
ϣͷƵ˶Ǵһû뵽ϳ֣ȻҲһܣµ뵽һˣɽָǽĲܶ


һǧʮ Ƽ
ĳϿգһٿնһƬƲʣһľ겻󣬵ѾһΪ
ͨˣһ
˶棬Ҳٿվ֣Ϊ൱ϵϢҲǸͬͬˣȻľϵ漸ˣһ˲κηٿƯÿһ·شһ죬˫Ŀӿ֣·𱻿һۣᱻһ޵
ԶȴǻǣʱԶһˮƯǧ֮⣬һѾת˲һʿ
ʿȻҲһһЦľǧأɣι壬ֶˣҲ
ˮ磡һˣ֪˻֮⣬ĹĸѾˡ
ˣ˵ȫܴˮľĹĹΪߵĴڣţĹȶ𶯲ѡ
ˣˣһαȻҽˡɸ֣ɴ˿̧Ƥ˵
ֻǿܣǻּңϣ˵񶦴˿̾ԱľǧҲ˵
ϱΪʮǰѾǺϵ۷ˣΪó룬ˮһ𣬽ռɱգΪҺּһܻѰͽ⣬ȴû뵽ǵڶ޷ӦǳסˮֺЦﵱм֮ɫŨҡ
ߣ˵ķۣˣֻϣǷʿҲǷˣʲô𣬺磬ⷨӱȻϣʵ˷ЦϺͻңҲǵġǱ߽ιЦŰȻ֮ɫ
˵ĶԣԽѾֹһ֮սǰҪ濴ûбصס񶦡һЦݣ˭óЦݵдɭɭɱ
ҲǵͷĹ˸һãҪȻ񶦣Ҫǹ˵Խ񶦣Ϊˣ뿪ƬǴ˵еսһ
˵⼸˶һ֮ɫ
˵㽫ܶҲˣǱľİǧͻȻʵιһһЦʶѣһ֤꣬ܶɣҲұˣˣֵĹӰҲôǵӲܶΪгʱҪӺúдһ
˵˵ľ˸ˮĺ磬֣ǶӺ˵Ϊ⼸Ҳͻͽ˷󾳣Ǻ˰
Ӻ꣬ҲһɫȻǸʮ⣬׼˵ʱԶ⣬ιһ΢΢һЦǵӲܶˡ
Ƭ֮ǼѾִǲܶˣ⼸λˣܶһĸ֣Ҳһ
ȥˣλǰιʱ˵һ䣬ܶæǰǹĹ
ˮĺҲڣܶһ㶣ɫЩŹ֡
ʲôˣһȻע⵽ܶı飬üͷһ壬ʵܶлҪ˵𣿡
ܶһ̾ںĹ۲뵽һˮķӣµˣֻܶǸո˵һƵ飬ºйء
ʣʲô£˵
ܶһι壬ҲǺ棬͵˵ɣʲô¡
ܶæ֮ǰһ¥һһȻŵǼʿ˵˵ܶѾֽѵǣȻ֪˵ּҵһӵһȭɱʵЦ
˵֮󣬶ɫǼΪѿ
ĵӣǼļ̳ˣû뵽Ȼ˸ԼҶӡ
ȻҲ֪ܶһС˼ܿ¶һЦݵȻ֪Ǻ˵˵ǽѵһǱˣּңҲֻһõó֣һУֻһַǿһţŮҪʤҶ궼ѣ˵ɱˣ˵Ҷߣȥһλ˻ˣҲҶ
ﵱУţ⼸Ȼ֪ҲΪȻּһɱ˺꣬˵һȭɱֱڿЦ
Ϥܶιȴϸ˲ܶһۣ¾ûô򵥡


һǧʮ ΢
ȻֵĲţлЩӦȥдģԴ˿Ϊ˱һҪˡ
ܿ죬ɫͱˡ
Ϊ֣ЧˣһΣˣһ
ֻ˵һֿܣ˱ɱˣԷûлӦ뵽ողܶġԡͷһ
¹ӣҲǼˣһ嵽ܶǰһѽԷץʵǸ¥ģ
ǲܶιҲһüͷһ壬ʩչһ֮ȥҲǷӦԼķӦЩҲɣʩչһˮĻԷĽֵ֮Ҳɿ˲ܶ͵֣ոżĪҪ⣬ڣò̴ܶȥǾ¥ҪǼˡ
ιҲǳ⣬ӣӻĿǱ˸ˣȻкЦȴϵܶǰ·
ܶæͷǰͷ·Ҳ˲æȥιΪͽܣҲһͬǰȥ
ҲȥưɡɺͰǧػһۣҲǴȥ֡
һֱǽǶӵɱҲȷһţѾǷ󾳣òһͿ֤ɣҲֲú˽š
ǿȻǳ飬Ǳ˸ɱˣ粻ܻʧ̬
˶Ϊ֮ٶȼ죬Ƭ̾͵Ǿ¥³УʱͷƸոոϰ˿ڣ֮ǰ֮ܶ󣬱ﳤȥ֪ǵ֣Ҳȥ׷ֻȥּͨңǼûü뿪
ʱͿƼǿ¥Ǹܶ
ܶ㻹ţһּҸ־ͻʱҿΡϼ򱻴ɽָ۵׺ܶȻ۷ŭ˵
ȷȥּͨңԼĪʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ˡ
ܶȴЦһֻһּҵˣĿɲһ޾ɫȥϵˣǳһ˵ǰǼ
ɫһšǰһһ˲䣬Ϣ˲ͽϵѹĴ
˭˵ˣһһʮ˵аԣؽǴҡ˵
¹ӣҲ˲ñģУʿϣɱΣ
˼֣
ϵ˶ɫһ䣬ϵˮвܶƺԷΪǰȻˮμҵˡ
ƿһ㣬ǰˡ
˭뵽ˮμҵĸ־Ȼڻ֮ڡ
ɨ˼һۣĿ˸ָһץһǿͽק˹ȥָסƼ΢΢Ѿǲҽһ򼸺ҪһҪǰˣһ͸һɾ޴ײɳȥˤڵϣ˲
˵˵
ûӣֻʹ˵һΣںǿޱȵѹ֮£Ƹû˼ֻʲô˵ʲô
Ƶ˫Ŀɱò˼飬Ȼ˿һȭԼɱڴ֮ǰԼȥ˻Ȼһ㶯ûС
ֻһֿܣڴ֮ǰ˻Ѿɱ
Ǹ΢˭ŭʵܶǰǰ˵ּҵˡ
ּңҹʲôּңɱҶӣұҪ˵ָ꣬΢΢һƵļֱӱ飬ƼʹЦһ΢һģһܲˣ˵΢Ķ
΢Ķƺ͵𶼲֪Ȼ𲻳ʱ򣬻ĸҲˣּҵˡ
һˣ϶в粻һˣοκһģһĸ֣һͨˣһ𣬼޵еĴڡ
һûŪ״Ļֱӱһȭɳȥһ㱻һ£ҲǰŪ˭򣬶ŵĵһ
ˮμң磬ǿһĸ֣
ɸ֣˭
˿̺Ǽ˵úμҼҲΪЩˣǣˣҲһĻǰʱסֻаʱǸɱҶӵ΢ݹҺմɱ䣬
һʱˮӿγһɹˮˣǼײɳȥȫǿѪɫɷףһ뿪
ι塢ɺͰǧҲǻ࿴һۣЦ¥С
Ҫ󰡡
͸ûнڣˡ
ͿӦˣǸ΢Σֻ·һҵǺ뿴һ½ɱʿʲôģ


һǧʮһ ּ
ᵽ΢֣ЩȻû˵У֮½ϣ˼ȥһϵ֡
Ӧּĳϵϸ˵ּңҲֻ֪ϣּҵ˾֣˾֮£ֻ֪һַᣬ֮һ֪
Ա˵΢ּ֮ˣҲôΪˡ
ô飬Ȼǽ߲㶼ˣĹһȫڻ֮ڣֻҪ΢Щӵ˶֪Ūˡ
ּҡ
ּڻλ⣬ΪǻĶ룬ּҲǻ֮ס
˿ּҵ´Уּ˾ĸۣһüͷ
Ǽ˿ϱչزֻּҼλϣʱ˽һһͻҲ֪Ĵš
ãһλּҳ͵һӣŭ˭ܸң΢ʲôˣ
λּҳҲ˾ĸ֣ƺ㣬˵ּ꣬̾ҹ˵Ĺǰ
ϣѾּףϵ֧ûҵ΢ˣ˲ּ֮ˡ¸˵꣬ǴϾǱô˵أǲּӵܣ֣ܳȥˣ
ֿԲųּ˶㿴ҿ㣬Ҳ֪ζԴ
ʱ򣬶ϳ磬԰꣬ҿûô򵥣Ϣ˵ǺǱ˾µһʿɱһʣ˵ǻּң⼸һУ˭
ӳȣһ˶ǵͷ
Ψһµģֻˣһһǽܶһľ棬ųʣ²ܶͰҿ᲻˼ּٰӵܣר飬޻ǵİɣϼ˵ĸе˶ͷ
˵еӦôɲǣɸ֣޶˰ʱҪǽˣǵʱ򽻲Ȼͬһѡʵ
磬Ϊӣ˿϶ǣΪǸϱչǱޣо񶦣ܽͻƵˣ˵磬ǶһּҲ壬ԾԲǸŵϱչءѾѯʹϣСӺշѾͷ˵Ǹ΢һص񻹸صĸԪ壬ҿҵԪ壬˵ͿԲ鵽ðּӵ֮˵˿ֻҪҵ磬ʣµ飬ͺ޹ˡϳһƣּ˶óϷĵǶǶı
ãô졣
ܿ죬һŴڻˡ
ԪҲһӵܣһǰ֮竣˵ټ̾ͱ֡
Ԫ飬Ҳǵһʱ䱻̽飬ԪԼ֪Ƕ΢ޱȣԶ΢鲻˿΢ȥ̽콵񶦵飬ʹ̽˳ʱһѼ׼ݣʱһ紵ԪѾǱһλ˾ץסƬ֮䣬ͱּҴԺ
ԪԺץƿڴȴ̧ͷһԼԪҵĳǲҿˡ
˿̣ԪҳּҵԱߣԼǳʵԪ壬㣬֪֪һ΢ˡ
Ԫһ㶣ʶҪ˵뵽΢ڵĽƣǼΪԥǱּҶڹ۲˱鶯ж϶Է룬˿һ֪Ԫ֪ʲôֻΪһЩԵɲ˵
¶ϵԪ壬㲻Ҫ£Ƕһڣξ֮У
һԪҲһݣв΢ֻΪ£ѡ˳˿ּ̼ҺԼҵ˶ڳּ֪һ֣Ҳ˵ףͨһ¹ڵϣһһʮ΢һһ
Ԫһ࣬΢ΪҸߣסң˵ǲĺֻҪһɽɱҲǱΣǲ
ǱּҶЦ޴թ㼸ˣҸոѾͨ㣬ûκνƺƭ㣬㣬Ǹ΢̽ʲôϢ
ԼûнƣԪȻǴϲ˿æشضϣǸ΢Ҵ֮̽ǰ콵񶦵顣
Ȼ£ϵ˻࿴һۣǿ˴˾ȡ
˵΢Ǻ˹ˣֲã׽ĿģΪǸ񶦡ϺͶϰдƬ̣ϡ
ȻˣǾͽǸ΢׽ʱ򿴿δá


һǧʮ Χ΢
Ԫ壬ԪҵϵķϣξͲ׷Ĺˣڣٴȥ΢ܻ׽㷴й
ãáԪ弱æͲˣԼຣˣּҺԼҵ˼ֳȻԽ΢ɱ뵽ҲһиȲ΢ùˡ
Ϊ˱ּҳλˣԪΪϣҲǳһλˣ֮⣬ĸָʮ֮࣬˵ǿĸץһˣֱ練ƣ¶ԷΪҲһˣĶһô㶼ѹ
һŴҪˣֻԶҲ벻һǻôµһڡ
վ֮ڣ΢۾ü֮ԭ˷߲֮ͫȥȻֻҪ΢Ը⣬ʱ˷ͫӳֵ
֮΢ϰԵһɨΧȴüͷһ塣
˿̾ȻмϢڿ棬ԪϢ
Ԫ΢µĽƣȻ΢µĽƣͨܿģ˵ͨˣһͨķҲּҶϺʧˡ
΢ĿӦ֪ôˣԪڵĿɲͨƣǹеһ긽֮˵Ǿʱʱ̿һһĴԪڣ֮ǰ΢ȫ˼˷ͫԷ˿һô֮Ǹϵϡ
Ȼּҷ飬΢ͨԪϵǸѾǿס
ԭˣµ񶦣ǳ֮Ϊ񶦣֮գɢ֮ǵмôôӦǵؾŶе붦붦̺УԪ֮Ӧûˡ΢˵ȴһ㲻ĸĸˡ
ϣͨ΢Уֺγǣ
˵ĸİٸˣ΢кξ壿
Ѿ֪ڴ˴ǵؾŶԣҴλ΢ҲѾ֪ڻּңȻˣ΢֪ԼһǽּңȥԼĵؾŶȡ
˭ס˭Ҳûʸͱ
Ψһ鷳Ǵ˿̵붦ȻǱ֮ʴ΢ҲѾ˷֮ͫĵƺͳ룬΢Ȼٵ顣
ڴ֮ǰܵõ׼ȷ鱨ã΢ûжǵǼ
΢㵱ǡ
֮⣬ּˣԪҵһ˶Ѿλ˷λվãȻǰڳһ
ȻǶΪվǸðּҵϵӵܵƭʩչ󷨵ʸ񣬵ּҶϷԸ飬ҲҲӡ
˵ˣһСΪϣƭӼȻһȭɱ꣬˵Ʋ磬ܿһԻĺݽɫп˾ΪԲĿģΪ˷ֹԷߡ
֮⣬ʮĻʿҲֱΧ·ڶʱͷ˳ԪԪ壬ȥŰɣ֪֮ӦԼġ
Ԫ廹Щϰ£˿ֻӲͷƤȥš
ǰԪո֣ȴԼ򿪡
ԪʱоͷƤ飬ԼоԾȻҲԼȥֻǺˣһĿּǼˡ
ߣһͷ˵һ䣬Ȼˣðּӵɱˮ꣬ͼ޻ﵱ
Źƣһ˾ԻᱻһŵƨݵУȴǴһЦһŲһſ߳
˳ͷüͷһšҲоЩԾԷϵϢȻ̽Ԩһͬ˴߶󣬶ʱɷɻγɵȸ䣬ƥ֮ƹˡ
ĸ֣󷨹У˵һҲ̱¡
ȴĿһɨһ̣ǿǿĹ˲߽⣬ڿУ˲ͱƵžžʲôûʣ¡
Ȼ΢ԸЩСһƷͽˣͬʱˣ·׻һ㣬嶯ãĸԭֺˡ
ɶ䣡΢̾һһûбҪɱ䣬ֻҪ״ͺá
ʱĸѾŵĻɢԷһ۾ͽֵ󷨹ƵֱǴδй顣
ʶԷǰΪʲôˣ¾Ҳ˲ǸӦȴǷԼѾǶá
ĸеĿ־ȻöᣬеĿ־һ㣬ֻбǶ䶨ס֮󣬲֪΢ж£Ƕãĸ͹ˡ


һǧʮ ںδ
ڳΨһûбסľԪ壬Ϊ΢֣λ˻ֽ̳£û뵽鷢ˣλˣһͬʮʿһͬܣǵı飬ȴֺܿ;£΢ͬħһ㡣
ԪϾ۽̫ʲô飬ɵ֪϶΢ģһ˲־ĵð˴ͷŵףӣ飬ȻҲǶã
΢ĿǰͨͬҿԶסƬ̣Щˣһ궼׾٣˿̣΢ǸּҴͷˣŶԷ˵
˵ת߻֮ڡ
ּһ̾ͷԼԻˣӣҶŲ֮Ϊո΢һƵһǽ˶סãչֳʵּҼҲ߱
˵һϣǽȼȫһҲδͨ
Ԫ岻һּ˱Ͼ˾磬һ۽ģ͸ղһչ¶֪ͨԷԲʲôйˣǵйʲôıƣֱͿѹ
ǵйģôֻһֿԣԷǴӴ˵еսˡ
뵽˵Ѿ߲·
˵յˣˣ⼸У˵ǧǰֹһʱ֮Ϊˣֻ뿪ѳ
뵽ԷпһĴڣּ˲һ˿ߣһߣȻּҡһɱסõ˺ʮʿȻͷϹϾ߽վ
ּ˽壬ϵĵܵܣּҵλҲֻǴϡϺͶ϶ѣּҵĺ
˿߽ݣȴһڵϵһĻȻ΢һһǸո߽һǻһǸ΢ڡ
ֻоѾǼȱֵ뵽ⲻǴ˵е⻯֮ô
⻯֮Ǵ˵еɵȻԼҲ֮һ˿ȥҲûʲô𣬵߼Ȼֱͬһһء
ֻ֮ǳ䵱һĿʱն⻯֮ǿԵĳֵɳڵͨԶССķܱ֮ġ
Ƕ϶֮ǰ뷨ǰλˣ˾缶ĳ֣Ǹӳϻ̳Ͽ֡
΢ʱֱʵںδ
ͷƤ飬ЩּңҪĶڱչо񶦣˵Խ񶦽ˡ
ּҿɾˣǰ㣬һͳɾϰҵ
ǰˣûѯԼûм񶦣ֱѯںδ˵ԷѾ֪񶦾ּҡ
һǿޱȵѹһּҵδҪѡ
ݵĳĬ֮廹ǾѡּҵδϾǧѷĻᣬһּһ֪²ƵĻᡣ
뵽ӿһɳ嶯ԸΪּǳ²֪
΢һЦ۾ͿԿ˵ѣ˵й֪ԼˣȷǲˣΪάԼļ塣
ʲô΢ʡ
嵨սľš
ͶԸ겻ͬǴһʼҪɱǵģ΢Ҳ飬һʼɱűסһ
Ҹ㣬񶦲ѰаʴѾǼΣգΪ˱ļ壬ⲻ֪ǶẦּң΢Ӳ˵Ϲֻ˵һΣ㲻ҶںδҲ֪ܹ˷ʱ䣬˷ѵʱ䣬ȴ¹ּ˵ʱһŪ֮¶Ϳ̿΢ô˵ҲΪ˸֪ԷϵϴոĶ鶴Բ沢󣬿鶴жķйȻʲô˺
ͲͬˣһһСģͿܲ޹飬Ͼ֮ٶʮˣ΢ҪҲ
֮˵ЩҲΪʱһǲɿأЭתƷˣ΢Ȼȣ󣬵ҲԲɱ֮ˣǼȵѪˡ
ڣһΣ˭΢ٴʵ


һǧʮ ּ֮Ů
˵ˡ
֪ģȫ˵ˡ
Ϊ΢Ļֻף΢ΪûбҪϻ΢һ󣬷ųһ㶴ССվ˲ʱ纣ޱ޼ʣͨ峹۷
΢ųĶϢڷ֮ϣζ벻ĴڣȻԼ֮ǰ̫ˡѰˣλǰֱһֻ
֪ˣҲǰλ
̫ǿˣ˲佫ռޱͨǿǶ֮ѾǴ˵еĴ˵Ļǹ˵ġ
ûΪϾǲеˣҲԲǶĶ֡
ܴ֪λֻǾȫãԲһĵ
˵֮΢һ˼аǸּҼˣȻҺͱ֮ʴ붦һչأڶѾ׶༪١
Ǳ֮ʴ붦ȻĿģ򲻿רŽٴ˵أڽʱųʿ֮
Ҳ˵֮Ƶ붦ٴ˴ӦòѡģȻһ㺬壬ʲô΢֪
˵ĹĶڳһ𣬱Ȼּҽ΢
΢üͷ΢΢һ塣
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£΢ȻܿŲܣųһ˿΢΢һɨ֪ԷλãͷƵơ
𻹺ãأΣƾͲͬˣѾѾӡ
΢̾˿ҲǺԼЩ
˵ͷһѾǽԼͬʱһŲƵǸ¥С
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ٿ¥УһɱԱߣ⼸֣ι壬ɻаǧأҲһϷı顣
ԶһеĶܶ
ϣɫ԰׵ķƣѾǱѪ͸ֻʣһԶŬͱܶһ߻ȥȴҧƺη
һĻҲһܿ;ֵķһëֱ顣
΢˳ڴˣȻûһ˿ƺǶûвƺǶԼ
ôܣ
ǻ۷
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΢û뵽ȻϵŮӣŤͷһۣ˭
֪Լʧ̬æ͵ŮַᣬҲּһһ֡
⻰΢ҲͬŮΪѾǷ۷ڣ˵Ҳֻǲһš΢Ҳ֪¶ٷ۷ʿʵϾǲôһţôһţȴôҲ̤ȥ
ͷ·ǵһ㡣
˵ˣǷˣУ˽ϡ
ȻΪģ˭ַԸ϶ǱƽֻҵĹ̰ҲʲôϣԷǿɣһ
ʱҪæҲƾΪﲻæһɾͽʰˣοĸ
ͼַ֮ŭ壬һۿϵķƣǰҪƴߡ
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ַɲǣѾǽƷ𣬿ӣԺͷʶҹϵ
㻰ҲشϽѵѵ㡣Цһ̧һƴȥ
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һǧʮ ڶ
ͼַһȭƼӦȫһʵӲһˡ
Ķɺ磬ȻҲûȫ֣һ»ǽַɳȥҲˤڵϣ˲ҪϨ
ѾͷҲ̲ס˹ɳȥַסԱǿˣŻѪֹ
˿̣ҲͻȻֵ壬üͷһ壬˵˲һոôֵģΪûһף
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ң
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Ҫ֪ˣҲܲԷϢʹΪǰȥʮȴͬһƬƽ󺣣֪ж֪ж֪ǳݺ꣬ͷһˡ
Ϊȣûпι壬ɻаǧҲɫһ䣬ȻҲûŪǴܳģͺ͸ղּҵһͻȻֵ֮ģûκס
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ʱ˲ŷӦԭ˾΢ɱ˺Ǹˡ
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΢һһöɵѾ䵽
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΢˵⻰ǲɱˣЩ˵ѷ֮֮Ǹ˴ģܲɱ㲻ɱȻ˭·΢ҲԲ


һǧʮ 
ǱߺɫδйأȻóǰ΢˲򵥣ͳŸղŶԷδżδľ֮һ֮˾Ȼ֪Էھ֮ϣǱȲϵġ
˵ʵԷͨѾ˾⣬ȴԣҲУͷϴԶһۣǺζܵġ
һûҩ֧ţϱۣҲһĶһֱۣΪͻˮͺμǶǲɳ֮ʹΣܴӦ
⼸ҲһȻԶһۣһ֮Ϊôһֻ֪ʩչһ˵˿ͷϴϸɣ
û˶
ĸ̾˾ϣǾ֣ΧˣҪ֪֣ԷҲɱڷˣѾǴ˵еĴڣǲΪϴڣԲŻ㡣
ͬ΢˵ֻǾ֮ܰˣ֪ж󣬲֪ĸжǿֻԼ֪Լ֪ģҲֻԼ֪ߵı׼ж޷ԼԼȦӡ
ڣǾһ޴͸ľ
һ̣ƱǣжʩչˮǿˮһˮһǿһʽֻһʩչԳˮѹһˮ֮޼᲻ݣﲻơ
ˣҲǸʩչͨ
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ľİǧأ˿̸Ҫ֣ͻȻһӰǰ
ǱˣǧһˣϾ˭Ե޹һλʩԼ֮˭֮ȴӲͣ£Ź֮ɫСŭô㣬ʲô
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ʮǰһλľ˵ʶأҪհΪͽʱǧѾΪ֮ӣõű˽̵
ȻǧǲҲͬ⣬λ˱ЦǲɸҽһơǧȻ壬Ǻܿ죬ȥһƱλƵ֮󣬱֪ԷΪֻԼ֮ϡ
һǧҲܾӰʮ꣬ѾǷ۷徳磬ѰѾǰĶ֣˾µһ˵λҲʮ֮á
أǸ֮⣬֪λҲϲͷ¶棬Ը֪
˵ǧһ̣ǾǸʦӰӦľΪλͻȻ
ͼҲһǱõſ˿ףֻǵף򲻿ɶ֣ǲ˶֡
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΢һ䣬ͬһʱƵɸֵЩˣ֡
ʣ֮ǰжʧ󣬶ǴشԷΪǿɺֹһֱͬǴ˵еķһ㡣
ǧ𾪵ͬʱǱߺ˱ǿ־ˡ
ΪʮþȵȻ˲ͱƵһȺȫװʿڳŵ˳棬Ҫ嵽еʱͻȻǵĿףзĳпµıȫɻңǺεȵͿ־壿
ڣ˾顣
һ˲䣬΢ƵǵѾúʶ˴һӦȻˡ
ٶԺˡ


һǧʮ ɱɱ
ģȴ΢̧һָͨͨһָȴ˲γһָذѹСΪһָ֮¾ȻǶãһ̣һָ𣬵ƫƫûκˣȴ˲䱻һָɱ
ǵŶɼΪһеһָ
΢Ƶɵĵһָɱ磬ɣιͼŵĻһ£ٲκζˣ˸ͨһڵء
Ȼ΢һָɱ磬ĽǶ˸סˡ
ǶˣȻ۽粻ȴǶǳ֮ǰ΢ֻʩչ֮Ȼ̾ȴ£ո΢һָɱ磬ˣ֮ǰ뷨ôĿЦԾɵӲŻӲȥ
ϣҲȲԼҵһǹĸɴ䡣
΢Ƕˣֻǵղ˵ˣҲߣҪͷϴԶһۡ
仰ιͼɶɫ԰ףǴӱ˴п˲ԸٲԸʱҲҲӡ
ǰλһλɱ˵ɣֻǶһֱۣԺӲϣҲֻʧһЩսˡ
¶˷׷ʩչֶΣһֱۣһԣϾɣ̲סʹ
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΢һá֣ǽҹ£ǶҲ˿
ǱߵҲ΢ĵҩָƣٿ΢Ѿ־ηǷƸǺĿ΢ղΪԼɣȴû뵽ԷȻҲֶνԼȻ
ˣɱˣƺû΢顣
ǣ΢˭ΪλǽԼ׾Ȼһָɱ˺޵еĴڡ
ʱǱߵĲܶȴԹ֮ɫһеٮٮߣȻ˵Ҳ˵İ΢ûȴԼʦι嶼ģԶһۣӿǿҵļʺͲʣŨŨ⡣
ܶȻǸҲɵ֪ΪԼԲǶ֣Թڱķϴ΢һŭ֮³嶯ˣô簡ΪٸߣƷȴ˷ڣ˵ѾŶ֮ɱ˺꣬ǰΪӸкδȴֽҲɱ֮ڣȺɱһԸӣǶ˺μҵĺ󣬶ֻ£δ֮УǰΪӱ𣬸ûй෴ƾΪɱ޹ʵŷң֮ˣҲ˻öԣʹΪٸߣҲǧٿף˲ݡ
ⷬܶ˵ǿ죬ƺռ˼˵ǳΪߣǲ𣬵Ʒֻɱˣɱ޹
ͷƵһʱջѣȻòܶǱؾᣬ磬һʱ֮벻ʲôԷ
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ǱιЩæʲôǸ
ʦĪɱ޹ǿ˵ˣΪٸߣܹܵס˵˵ʲô𣿡ܶ˿ûԾҵһӷԷմմϲ
ĵֵСӣΪǸߣΣҲȷͱȵҺΣ
Ȼܶ϶΢˼棬ĶԼ֣ѵԷͲ»ᱻ˵ΪĶˣ
ȴ΢һЦͳۣⷬұɱ㣬ڴ֮ǰϴɾˣķڷ
˵꣬ҲɫһĲܶ΢ȣģΪ˭һƣ飬޵Ϊǲҽ˼˵¾ûʲôƨУҲֻǿ˵㣬˶ǣȻҲҽǴˣˣɱΣҺμҸɱ޹֮δؾ٣̸޹㣬֮ǰһԲϾˣոոǶ˵ĵ֣ʣȻɫҪΪûΪҪûеˣǰ̸Դ
˵ܶѾɫ԰ף˵һ仰ϸǴſ־ͲţȻû뵽΢ȻƱ硣
΢û˵һöԷһѪĻҪǣ΢ɱ޹ɱɱˣڻҪɱ㣬Ҳҿ㲻˳ۣҺΣ
ܶ˵΢ֶûֻ˫Ŀһѹȥܶ˶ǣֱֵܵӱŵĸεѣ
ͬ΢˵£ˣ˭ʸУ΢ʱľɱģմ


һǧʮ 
΢ֶûһɱܶ˾µڶˣηǱ߰ܶܶԼΪһЩ飬ΪõԼͷλˣϧԼȴˣƾΪɱˣֻΪԷ˵һ㲻Ļɱ䣬ȽλѾǵ¿ģˡ
°ǰһ΢һڣľˡ
ո΢Ȼ˶Ҳ֣ľɸȻľҲùڵԶһۡ
ЩС£΢Ҳ׷ˣеĵڣȻһ־еǵ
΢һһʦһ£۾һæԭͬǰһµӣʦǰ
΢һ˵ͻȻ¡һһ£˴󾪣Բ֪ʲôֻ΢üͷһ壬̽ɫһ䡣
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ͷһ΢ɫء
ͼ棬һ޴ޱȵ󷨣֮Ѿһߣ΢֪ǽڡ
ԭˣ˿붦֮Ҫ飬Ȼ󡣡΢ͫһʱŪΪ붦Ҫѡ˴١
붦̺УԪ֮˵ֱһ㣬˽֮Ϊһ㶼û鸡ϵΪÿһʿĳԵĵħУǾһޱȵҩģҪ֪Եʿɲңǿһ½Եʿȫ룬ѵá
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΢һַᣬ˵ͷһӣѾƾʧͨҲκá
и𺳣֪֮ǰС΢ˣֻǾ̫۽̫խŵֻаͫһ뵽ʲôһ㵵ΪʦΪ൱ڿҿˣѵλ΢˵ΪѾǴﵽ֮ϣĪǶ쾳
쾳Ա߰ǧҲһֻһЩļ伮żڶ쾳ֻƬֻǴ˵û뵽Ȼġ
ǰǧأһ۵ιͼҲ¶ֺͲš
ĲԹιͼɴ˿̶̾Ϣһ
ѹû˵쾳ʲô֪УǧǰλѾǶĴˡڵͷֻǿЦû뵽·ˣȻ˵
ּ֮ڣԺǽص֪мռ֮Թ㣬Ͼǻһң˿΢ַ˲ּ֮ڣȴǷּѾͬأžޱȣʬУѾǱɸʬȻ˴Ǵ֮֮ҲǴӴ˴ʼӣּҵꡣ
һĻ΢ãַѾݴ䣬ȻǱסˣΪϵʬ嵱Уּһĸ֡
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΢ֱ֪ʵĶ
ΪѾҪ˶ã˶ᱻ΢Ҳûʲô˼ɣոֱ̽飬Ȼûκη֡Ȼ붦֪ʲôɱϢĶͨӦ
΢ֻѯַᣬָ
ˣַޱȣ֪ڲѯʵʱʣҲûʣΪ΢ʩչͨȻƣΪԼʱѾˡ
Ļ˵ǻˣֺαغķǣ
Լɫˣ̶ֳȵˣŮҲֻǺãΪŮɫķѵҩֻ˵λԶΪܿǴ֮ˡ
Ǽͻޱ䣬ַָоΨһּҵģֻǰλˡ


һǧʮ ּһսһ
˿ּѾǼΪŨַֻᣬֻƬܱ̾ɸʬַҲһ㣬ΪԿΧŹֵϢҪԼΧЩµ֮޷֮ڣ룬ͻᱻһε档
ַ֪΢Լ֪ǿٱԼ֮û£΢Աߡ
Ƭַ̣ɫԽĲ԰ףּ֪ˡ
Ϊ岮ʬ壬˶һɸʬеΪȫӶᡣ
ЩּĸȻȫӳȥ
ַᲢû٣ΪϣּҵսֻҪϻڣǾһжϣ
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ʱǰһ߲ʮɣȴǴһŲ㣬ÿһ㣬̶ڵϣƺΪסֹһ㡣
΢ʶ㲩ȻóͬСɣȻһѵõԶѾ֪á
ˣּرֻм׿ԽӵܲлΪȻʺҲкǿĽƣԳʱ룬ңһҲֻһ¡Ҹδ񶦾֮ڱչءַʱ˵
΢ŻȻֲԼ붦Ĵڣԭ֣΢֪ǬĿռӦǼ󣬶Ҵ治֪ӡŶٷԿԽϢ׸⡣
΢Ҫٵһλ쾳ɳֲҲּ֪εõġ
ּȻûھȫĹãʮ֮һûУڣһȴǳΪڡ
νȥ΢ʵַἱæּרпƣС
˵ͬʱַӻȡһƴСƣͼ˷ƴȥûκηӦֱڵϣ۵һ
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΢Ҫʦѧɵ
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֮ڣȻж죬΢ڣһǧɳĿռ䣬ǰ棬һ΢һǵؾŶе붦
˿붦棬鲼а·͹Ѫܣ붦ȥޱȡ
붦棬һˣüĿַмƣؾּҼַĸϡ
΢ֻǿһۣ֪ûˡ
ϱѾĨɱһɶ˿̣ѾǱ붦ռݣ붦΢Ϥ֮ǰԶ統鶴б˷ͫٿصĶ
㲻磬΢ɢϢҲﵽ쾳ˡ
ƺǲ΢Ĵڣ۾˫۵дɷܸ֮оֻл
˻𣬻һ˿թ
΢ʱͷһԾԷԼû˿⣬ڵԼһΪĶͨĶǶȻӦ񣬴˿̣΢͸оһ˿
΢̧ͷһɫһ䡣
ͷ֮ϣȻӡһ΢ϵãǽ֮
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ڹԼȦ׵УҲ˵붦֪ԼսǹԲ󷨣Լ룬Ϊ֮ڣԼĹ޷ʩչġ


һǧʮ ּһս
΢ʶ˱ȻƸӦֶͨΣҲ˵һ鶴Ͷ̣֮ʴ붦ȻҲˡ
ԣôһ֡
ܳϣ΢ò˾űɵֻͨʹɵֶΡ
еơ
ȻȻƣҲֻ֣Ҫʦ뿪Σգ΢Լܾôߡ
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΢ˣԲˡ
ɣֶͶˣ㲻Ƕ쾳磬ֶΣǲܵеùڵңѾнֶΣ͹ȥӵԽԶԽãϧջҪ붦ռϷаЦ޿֣һԶı顣
΢˲ϣȴ˫ʩչɷ
ΪӮˣ죬΢Ҫö쾳Ϊն쾳΢˵նһ̣ɷѾͬʱʩչ
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΢ʩչ䣬˵¶Էǽɣ΢ҲаסԷɲǡ
ӳ׵׾ۺ񣬲˵һ½Էɱٿ˵Է
֮΢ֶλУһһ쾳ΣΣ΢ҪԶ쾳Ϊǿնɱ߳һĸ֡
汻붦ƵЦһϾȻǾۼԪ֮棬ˮľԪ
֮һ壬γһɵ˲ɢơ
΢䣬Ȼ˲䱻һ֮ƿǿƿͬʱӳ׵׾Ȼ£µ׻ˮͰ״ǽõ²ܲ
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΢ͫһȻأţһ̫ͬʱһ̤һš
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һǧʮһ ּһս
ǿҲǱһ֣̫ܷЧãȻҲ΢ͬˣδؾ
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ԥһ£ǻûǰ
ΪĵҲƲģˣֻƾݾ͸Ҷߺ˿Ҳǻá
ûǰ˿ûлƿڴַ᷸ң˲Ҳҳӡ
ַὣȥؾȻֹģֱһ޳ıСˡ
һַ̣ͻȻͨʲôȴ΢΢һЦὣһ̣һ½ơ
ǺòҩһΪҲֱӱϵǲҽһ̱ڵء
ַŤͷ߻΢ǰʦͽѶʦ˼ͷͨشɱ֮һأҷΪַ֮գӴڿ־嵱Уɱá
΢һЦͷַȻԼѣɱĵ˼Ϊ˵ͨҲ˵ɱɱȫԼѾͨͷɱͲɱҲû˷ֱ
˺ħͷĲͬڣģħͷԡ
ʱ΢ӦԶͼһһλŲƹһҰĵֳۣһѹŹԿɢͳ嫣ԲǰǧصᲢ۵ġ
˳֣һӭȥӰݼʦ𡣡
Ǳ߰ǧҲϵˣҲǰ񣺡ݼˡ
Ȼλɷˣǰʦλˡ΢һҲ̿˻һϢװ
΢ͬʱҲڴ΢ȴǰ˵һͬ


һǧʮ 
˵ͬʱҲһһķ֮ļֻһһŶá
ҵһɳʮִ֮һλ磬һλײȼϸ񣬲ͬķͬĽײ㡣
˵ʮִ֮λְ꣬ȻһݰͬսıȻҲǷһһͨ˵ĵλȻǱȲִˣеλߵĵ
΢ȻҲע⵽˵ڣλ֮񣬵΢΢һЦ΢ͬһλڣһ¶üͷһ塣
뷨ԷǷˣԼҲֻλߵĵѵԷһض
Ҳçײ֮ˣϸһ룬뵽һֿܣǾǶԷΪһɳĵλԼ֮ϡ
ֱ仯ڣһΣеִ˵־ִ˵ݡ
ΪԷһʵϣ΢е־֮󣬷ԼĿɿڴ
Ϊ΢е־Ȼ֮
ôܣ
˼ǵã뿪ʱһɳǺˣպ˵Ϊٻ˵λϡ
˵һӦǲš
ɫһ㶣¾Ǻˣ˭ĵӣȻðһɳˡ
΢ҲգЦûлضݣȴ֪Ѿ쾳Ϊ֮һ΢ڹλϣˣţɡ
˵ţ΢һݹȥ˽ӹһǻһæ΢񣺡Ÿոʧ񣬻
΢ȻţƫƧ֮أ붫ֹȻ֪ɳطϢ֪Ҳ
Ϊλ΢Ҳţµˣδ֮ǰӦڱչˣͻȻܳǴˡ
һ̾
Ȼˣһ˿𾪣Ҫ֪ˣΪΪ̫ĸ֣ǲܿ˿ġ
˵˽һ΢Сˣ˴˵ĵطƲҶҪѯʴˡ
΢ҲһЩҪʶԷԵͷӦ
˴˿ɫȻһķˣȻǶԴ˴һЩ˲мһˣҲֻаյͽܣġ
Ǳ߰ͿԼʦ΢˵ʦ𿴵֮ǳϻ̳Ͽ֣̬ȹӣѾޱȡ
û˱ʦ˵ΪֶΣʲôϣʲôι壬ʦЬ䣬Ҫ֪ʦǷˣ˵һĴڡޱȵ΢ӦҲֻܺʦƽ۽û뵽˿΢ͬ¼ϼǰ㹧мӡ
ʦ˵Ҳֻ֪һЩǴһһɳִˣѾǼߵĵλѵ΢ĵλԼʦ֮ϣ
Щ飬æǰǱ΢Ҳǳַ˵ͷҲæɵվ΢
˲ʩչֶΣһ⣬һУ˲ϢǧӶ
Ƭ֮󣬱ľɽۣڴ޽һҲĶ֮΢̸ַȺ
˿̣ѯʶ΢Ҳû㽫֮齲һߣԼľŶתҲûϾѾ½֪顣
𾪵ԸӣȴǺԥд
ֻˣ𾴾㹻ˣǾŶתǾͲͬˡŶɵǾ֮һԺɵ۲һУټǻȲϾŶơ
Ŷжǿ󲿷һ˶֪ˣҲֻż˵ˣѾѵǾŶŶ޵УɵҲ˵һ仰
ʤ죬ֻŶһˣ
仰֪ǡɾ֪ԶԾŶǾηмӡ
ұ˾ΪŶ΢ȻǾŶתǺԥд
дһԭǣ΢ڴ֮мһ֮סһȻ΢˵ģûһ˿һĻɡ
йһݡ
΢˵һ飬Ϊβضȴƫƫڴ˴ʲô
˵̾˿Ե渵


һǧʮ Ƴ
˲ǲع鶫һزȥ
ֻǷˣû΢ֶ֮ͨΣ˲ϢֻΪսзУ˴붫ֹķɻȥԪҲͺľˡ
ȻʱҲֱӷͨ󣬵һƬӡ
ǰһƬӡﷶΧΨһһͨһ˵ƣһһǵжԵģԱ˵ˣֻҪһƬսеһˣ޷ͨǴ뿪ھǱ
ͨǴ꣬ҲٿԷɵһŶԡ΢һ䣬ʵ˵ϡ
һЦһԣˣֺο౻ڴ˴
̾Ϣһ˼ΪﷶΧΧһնϲ㣬˵ˣ쾳ĽˣҲδܿȥ˵˹ȥж٣Ϊôһϲ㣬ǸųΪΨһͨ
ôһ˵΢ˡ
˿סΨһͨʺҪ뿪ֻȵõԷԷô޷뿪
һٶǰɢһڻɳڽһΪһɳǵͽСɳͱһһˣҵһΪĶͷˣѣɲȥڴ˴չʮ꣬ڼ˰ôһͽܡ˵΢֪Է˵ˡ
΢Ȼȥʮ꣬ϵûȫԷһɰԵĶأҲûΪѹƣǻ࿹⣬˭κβöԷʱ䳤ˣ˵ΪҲᱻǶʴʱ򣬾ǷˣҲѲĽ֡
Ϊ΢
ͬˣ΢Ȼȣ˦ִһ֮Զ쾳һɰԵĶرȳ
һ΢֣Ȱ裬΢׷ܿͷ΢Ϊĸ߶ˣ̾ʮĶؾȻһһı΢
ҲҶæ΢Լڶء
ʱ΢İ֮£ɫһһףǱͨ죬һһ磬ȻһĶ
һɶ֮󣬾Ȼǻû֮ľͷʯȫʴĿӿӶӵԭһЩݣҲ˲㡣
ɴ˿ɼⶾصİԵ
ȻⶾػֻˣǶ֮󣬾ȻǷ֮
˵ҽĸɶƳƥȻû˭㣿ֽУȻû۾͸һаź΢
һ̣αǣֱ˹
СģⶾմáŴ˿ɫ԰ףϾ΢ոƳ缲أ˿ǶãҲǼæѡ
΢һЦ㲻ܣ̧һƴһȻǺһͽǶ顣
еĶҲ˲仯ΪС
һĻоޱȣǾŶɵתˣ֮ǰԼ޿κεĶأǰȻ˵Ĳһּ
л˾ٰ֮ݣ΢ȴǰڰ֣ʾûʲôֵǶͷҲһĽɫ֪Ϊʮ궼޷Ƕػ⣬Ϊֳһ˿ĴǶϣӳֶأΪһͷҲһ⣬ԷǶΪĴ棬ҲᱻԷɶʬΪһ
ľҲǲ˲ͷ亹ĵҿ˰ⶾأȻٹ꣬ѹⶾأ³룬˲
΢֪Ƕͷˣ˵һͷĿʮǰΪѾŸ߳һأʮʱǸо
ҸոһԷҲ˿΢Ц
֮ǰ΢Ƕ֮˲䣬Զʮĳ֮ϣһŭ쳹
һɭΰĴ֮ڣһۣƵƶǸžȻû֪֣ҵĶ֮Ϊûˣֱɣһǿ巨ʺʬūֻû뵽ȻǶѹƶأҶҲ˿ڣӣ
Цһ̧һУʱзɳ˿ھ޴ײģʬŨ
ɶʬеİʬ˸ʬūÿһԿɱˣţΣƽٸҶһʬūˡ


һǧʮ 
ַɳһˣҲǷ˵Ϊͬ죬˾Ȼͷۣͬħһ㡣
Сɳк֮ΪηҪץʬūҾȻ˷ʮʱ⣬Ҫңץ˲͵ˡȻһħħײ֮ɫϸԿץż߲ʬС
ħͯˣֻɱ˳⣬ѪеľѪ֪ⶾʬͨⶾʬÿһҪضʺǧʱ䣬Ѿ˰˸СɳһƵھŶʬūҲŻʱץǴһʬҪû뵽Ȼ˸ƻˡħͯˣû£ҲһˣֻҪţˣ㾡֪֮ͷ۵ħͯʵǿҪԷһǰȥҲһա
ۼʵħͯ˵˾缸֣ԼҲǶԷ֣ԼĶʬūҪȫֻʬԼӮ֣֮ҲΪʬŷѾѪҪʬȫ롣
ħͯԴЦһ£һҲ޷ҿôżҪھʬΪλ֮°ɣ
仰¶⣬Ҳûзϣħͯˣ㻹һ֪̳˶ˣǵѪħҪλλ˵Ĵͳ˲첻ŵأŴֻʵʵλλԽȨԽԴҲԽࡣҲ˵Ӣ䣬Ծͳ򣬲֪õͷ˭Ҳӣ˾Ҫĸ󣬾ֻܲ˵ҵλλһٰʮλѷңλһݰʮλβҪսңɣ
ħͯɭɭһЦҡͷʬū̫֪УûȤ
ԣ˹һЦȻ˸Ű˸ײĶգħͯҲһͬɳ
ɵķ򣬺Ȼ΢ڵε֮ǡ

΢һ˿֪ǶѾ˴λãӦúܿͻ
һҲ֪ϴž֮ɫԵ
ˣǶ˵ˣ˾ԲǣǳСɳԾ֮Կ֪뷨ôĿЦ˵һ֮Կˣǰ֮󣬱¹򣬲ٰ裬Բɱǵʮˣ˵ʱ¶ŨŨĿ־壬΢üͷһ壬Ȼû뵽˵ĵģȻ˵ηԷ
˶⣬ˣкξ壿
΢û˵ֻ˼˵
˵̫ǿˣԽ˶ɱûУˣ󲻵ֶΣǼֱجһ㣬󲻵ѣֻ
ʱǴͲʣȻ־
ԣǶҪɱ㣬Ҳȫ֮Կһȥ۱ˣԾͶ㵽˴Ӳд΢ʱʣµĻ˵˳
˲̾˿˵ͷоȻǳκ塣
Ҫ֪һλˣȻͬһ
Ȼ΢ֻЩֻƬҲܴӲ濴˵ƣͬԣвһСɳҲͬ˵ѹ¹Ӳд˵ǣɱҲ쾭壬һǷǲ룬ͬ顣
˿̣ȡһͼݸ΢ˣл˾֮ͼлɳСɳλã˿ǰȥǶҪңҽҲô˴ˡ
΢ûнͼӦ̧ͷ˿ߣˡ
һɫ䣬ʱ֮ϴЦԭգ˲Ǻܲգ޴ĺӰں֣ŸǾ֣ǲѣܲ볲ҰˣǷ˾͸˵ˣǶڼɪɪĳǳصǿһˡ
ʿˣҲǴҳֵ񷡣
⡭ٶֶΣǵǾ֮ܣ֮ܰι壬ɵɸִ˿η֮ɫ
˾Ȼô죿˳̧ͷһʱɫҰףű֮ɫӶͣ
棬ַҲһ־壬˵ѹǵصѹǲŹ֡
ֻ΢Ȼ̧߳ͷ˿񷣬һ˵аɣȻ׶ҹ


һǧʮ ֱץ
˵һŵı£΢̧һץʱһɴСľ޴ħֳ͵һץһҽУһξ޴ͷ۵ľ˾ͱ޴ħֱ󱬡
һɲǣ˿Уһ㾪°͵Ǳ޴ħ󱬵ĺλһٰʮλħͯˡ
һħ˵䲻֪̳˶ˣ̸֮ɫ䣬֪ԼħͯˣҲֲ˶ãһµħͷȻû¶ͱֱץ
ͬΡ
ֻоţʣ˵ΪѾǶ쾳ҾǶ쾳ǿһ˿ԶԿ쾳Ľˡ
ʵϣ΢׾նɱħͯˣ˳𺳣ȴûϲ
Ϊ֪Ǵ˴ˡ
˿֮̾һ˼ŭôĵӣȻɱ˵ˣ
һ̣ͼ֮°˿ھ޴Ĺײģһаɭɭվڰ˿ڹײĺ棬¶֮ɫ
ˣ̵Ƕˡ
ʵΪʣħ֮ͯϵģΪ˱ȻΪ򲻵ħͯǰǿᣬһΪֶͨΡ
ǾǼԦʬū
˺ǵõϹشķţʬūⶾʬūÿһ˺˵ܣ˿̰˿ڹײ򿪣߳˸ĸߴɫӲƵĶʬ˭о
Ѱ£ĸʬͿӲһ쾳ˣǰ˸ʬһ֣֪Ƕ쾳ɱ
˿̶Ҳ˭ΪǿΪ쾳˲𣿸㣬ҶȻ˵λֻһٰʮλȴΪҴû˸ʬһֹ࣬ҲֻǶùһǷˮԲŵһٰʮλҰʬŵǰʮλŲţ
˵û˵ѡ
˶С˵ˣΪ˲ˣʵϣĳǸ˭
˵õϹطУʬҪŸʬūܳģһ룬˵쾳ɶɱá
ǧʵΪѰʬʬɱ쾳˺ܶʵΪ֪˵пвĺ֮
ԼûеõǿóȻո¶ͷǣǻһ·أ㼯ȫʬ֮һˡ
ֻǵھʬҪ̫̣Ѱ꣬ҵһʵģǾˡ
ŲҪԸˡ
ֻ˭֪㲻㣬ȻǱ΢ƳڵʬҲΪˣ˴󶯸λ𣬴ζʵһ谭ǰϰɨ塣
ոҲֻĸʬ΢һСħֱ֡ӽùħ֮ͯҲʵס˶ˣ˵ʵΪ̫Ҫ¹ƶھʬȻˡ
֮ҲΪҲǰŵΪҲǶ쾳쾳ȻǷʬҲԽԷնɱ
ֻҪɱµļһȻٽɶھʬʱʬˣʱˣ֮⣬˵Ķ֡
ǰ⣬˾ѣζܷŹš
˿ͷһζöʬĵƣͼ˸ʬ֮󣬾ȻζһʵʵĶȻΧĿʼĿմȾκﶼ̱ʴɴ˿ɼⶾʬ
ѾɫҰףһƬ֪ˣͲ˵ַͰˡ
Ǵ˿վվסҲ˵
ֻ΢Ȼƺǰ˸ʬ
Ҽǵãǰһļһд裬һнܣȥ֮ǵؾŶһŶʬаɷõ֮׶ʬطȻ໥ںϣŪľŸʬ˵˳Ϊһ𣬴һϵеĴ˵ʬֲСˣ¶ʬǵؾŶһ㣬ڶ֮ϣͨһ壿벻󣬾ȻǶĴ˴ڣֻϧ̫ˣļ˶ʬڵһЩɵֻаʬNɪѰ·΢˿˵Ȼû壬Ȼǲþű֮ö쾳ΪҪƵⶾʬ
񽣣


һǧʮ һһʬ
΢һץȻǴյгһ̺ı⽣ԪɣȴһӲء
ڲ֮ǰ붦ٿصϾ붦Ԫ֮һ΢нй֮Ϊ΢ϣӳ˱޼᲻ݵĵ⡣
˽һ˵ﲻƣ޼᲻ݡ
ֽ֣΢Ƕ죬ѿɱ졣
ոձ΢˶ʬطǶѹţΪǰλƴˣֻżȻһնŻԵɺϵõУԹڶʬط
˲쾳磬ԪŶ٣ȻҴԲ˵ǰ飬ֱЦ˵󻰡
֪СԲѣⶾʬεףҽ㿴ʬɱɱ˶Զӵķһ̣ǰ˾߶ʬӡһ̧ͷ˫Ŀ¶Ĺ⣬ǷӶ΢
˲֪΢ȴʬճؾŶҲؾŶƵֶͨΡ
ҵؾŶԻϣγľŶ󷨣оžŰʮһֱ仯ⶾʬҲһֻаʬԺܶɱͨҲʩչʩչΣ
ʬ΢бһЦο΢˿ֳ񽣣ӳֱ⣬ƥУʬѣʬۣ΢Ҳն
ˣСİʱһ䣬ǰʬÿһɱ˵ƣѾֽű֪֮ǰǷ飬ֻܶ΢Сġ
΢һЦὣϣԳȥ
ǰһʬ߾ųߣһ㣬ɢƣ΢ǰⶾʬ޾ɫ̧־һȭ
䣡
һȭ˲佫һƬռݣԶȥͬһƬһ㣬ڽ飬ӣ޴ȭ̩ͬɽѹǻûһ޴ޱȵɫȭ˵ţַͰһȭ֮ɫʣһȭԽһɽ׺ƽ
ʦܷסһȭַżֻ˶ǣʱﲻһæ
˼һȭԼҲҡͷӲס㵹ǿԶ㣬ֻҪһ㣬Ķʬ̾ͻʱǺ޻֮ˡ
ǾŶתһΪûдﵽǰ۷壬ֵܵһȭҲֻݱܷâֱ³
Ȼ΢ѹûܣٶȲӭǶʬľ޴ȭ̧һն
ر䣬лʽâӶ翳вһ㽫ͷһʬͬǾ޴ȭһΪ
ǵһնһʬ
Ƕ˻ˡַͰĿɿڴţҲ̫˰ɣ֮ǰ˽ʬ컨׹޵һ㣬һͱһնɱһʬ
ûǷӦ΢Ѿնڶŵڶͷʬȥ
նǬһһ⣬עֻնˡ
ڶնһʬʬⶾʬǼնȴ˲һе򣬶ǲڶʬϵĶӰҲԵֵ񽣣ն֮ǿĶأҲᱻ⳶ڣ֡
񽣲ʵ壬ԪصԶذҲòϡ
΢ڶˡˡַͰֵע£һһǶʬһһȫڵء
̶ʬҲڲͣĹ΢еſ֮ǧɣеʩչٻ綾еֱҪƴɱǿĹֻҪ΢һ𣬱㶼޳Ī
֣һ߶ʬնΣһѪɢȥ
ٿˣ¶֮ɫ֮ǰ˺˵һ쾳Կвһ㽫˸ʬһһȫնɱȻ֮ԱǣڣٲҲûá
΢ɨһۣڴӼ𾪵лعȴ̾ӡ
˵ˣԷ֮ǰɱħͯ˵ʱǿǶ˵ԥȷţԼвԷĸ죬ĿǰΨһ·ӡ
ֻҪӻ˵һ̳㲻¶Է׷ɱҲ˵Ķ֡
ٶȼ죬ŲѾǶգ˰֮⣬Ϊӳ죬֮뷨ɱԷɱʱͻȻǰյӿ֣һˡ
ֳʳǧɾ뵱ͷһնĵĻᶼûУͱһնΡ
Ƿˣһնһ֮ͬ飬


һǧʮ ұɵ
ϣԼַᣬɢ¶գ׶
ֻո΢̤˲ʧȥ׷ǶˣҲ֪Ρ
һ̣֣΢΢˶ͬһǰҲ֮ǰ΢֪Ǵ˴ˣҲסѪڣ˵ַͰǱո΢һնһʬֻоѪ嶥罫΢ˡ
һĽַᣬȻ԰˸ΪʦŽɾͱԼ֮ϡ
ˣ΢ӭȥԱַͰһ㶣ǲ֪΢һݣ˹ӣҲ͡
΢ɫѯ֮ɫµǶˣѱնڽ¡
һҲǵ˵ͷȻʲôһ㣬ãɱĺã˵Ϊͨ죬ȶˣɱˣһҲˣ˷ض֪λɺչˣ˵ŻδˣҲһˡ
΢һЦԼ뿪Ϊ˱ܻµˣ鷳Դ֧ңȻһ˳е
һ㶣΢һ¿˼Ҳ̾˿ˣˣǲðȻǿ϶һĶ֣Ͼ붫̫ңԶΪûдﵽǰ۷壬ˡֱԣ²Ķ֡
ᵽһ־塣
΢üͷһ壬Ѿǵһˣһᵽ˾־壬϶ʲôԵɣѯʣŵ
ԭһΪ󱻿ƣ޷ȥǱԾڻɳڳСɳҲһѹһЩֱˡ
գɱһ֮ػ󣬸ǽȫȻǰҪǳֻ˰ǣһһԭʼͲ̵ַɱǵˣһֱɱʮɱǵѣֻӣ쾳֣쾳Ҳ۷һ֮ǰǺһ֮СԾԵֻо߲ˣֻܳˡ
˵֮⣬дССʮţóˣַͬǣֻҪһΥģǾͻԼѡһ˳ǵɱΪԼҲΪͬ飬˵ҷеԴҲȫӶᣬҵΪں֮ϣȴûдΪԭ򡣡˵꣬Źˣв˶ݣֻҪܻȥһĸִ˱ȻԵֵʱΣԽ⡣
Ȼֻǿͨ˵˸ܵ˵Ŀֲ;ԵͳѹַͰҲĿɿڴĵ׷ǿһأ˼ʶͬҲ˵ĿֲϾдһĸ֣Ҳ˳־塣
ֻ΢꣬ǵûоɫǹһЦ˵ĵҲһӣȱǣǶ˵ҲˣҲӣ΢һ̤֮һֱֱǰˣҵĵ⣬Ҳҵĵģ쾳ΣǶ쾳󣬵ƾ񽣣ƾͨƾ޼᲻֮쾳ɣҲɱá
һ仰΢˵նԭΪ˶־ˡַỹаһ̾ȻǱ΢ȾԭеĿ־ҲǵȻ޴档
һ˲䣬Ѫڣսʮ㡣
ڻԺַͰȴǵһӦм΢ݵ
ˣȻɣܱ־ѹƵģһΪǶˣˣÿ־壬ѹˣӰǵĵģ޳ͷ֮ա΢һԾѣΣǸмǺ¡
Ǳ΢ŵһԸѣп־ɢǻᱻһɿ־ѹƣ˵΢һ仰⿪ػ
ַҲǷӦæݵ
΢һЦͶˣұɣ޵ǳ֮޵֮ͨ޵ңǣʲôɣǼס֪ɽлƫɽУұɵ

֮򣬻ɳڣһСɳڡ
˴㲻ǷˮأҲڷ֮أȻع㣬ʮҲ˼ǧȴ̤㣬һǻնɳŰԴѷҲΪˣһ˲Żѡ⡮֮ءСɳ


һǧʮһ ɳڡСɳ
һ˲֪Уûν֮ءһУǹͳΡǴһһӰҲȲĳ˵һ仰ڵλüΪ⣬֮أⲿκ޷ֽ̽˾ǹء
꣬СɳսصȨҲ˳Ե˽ѵһ죬Сɳеˣϵ¶һǰŰɱʮλСɳ߲㣬º󣬷ǵұ𣬷Ϊ棬ĸԸĳˣ÷ϴԴűԷ֮齨
˵СɳУڹеһѡ
һ֮ڣһ£ȴݵڵϣǰһʮɸߵľ޴¯֮ɫ
ϵվһŮɣ˿̳ϣһ¯ˣ˵˻ֹƷһҪ֮ǰɰ
ϵƣ뻨ףҲǸݣ˿űŭǴܴߴ٣ԭռѾ죬ҹǵҲ̫ʧˡ
ﵱдŲޣŮһҲ¶ɫϵ˵֮Ҳ·һ㣬ֵѣˣֻһڶҲûˣģһ¯϶ɣֻϧһö䲻š
Ůɴ˿ҲǿЦ䲻ž䲻ŰɣֻҪܱӴƽ͵Щҩȥιˡ
ʱͻȻܽһˣɫ֮ˣѣϣ˵ˡ
еĵϺѶһ㶣ѸѿڶԼõôǰһ죿
ϵνǰǰһ¯Լ˳ԣǱƵü͸ǿ¯ŵ˹Чһ㡣
ܽȴҡͷô򵥵ˣ˵̫βҪȡƷһҪǵȥū
ʲôϺѻ࿴һۣǴӱ˴пŭ֮ɫ
ѵϣȥտ¯
˵ţǱŵ˵ɣȥ
ǱߵĺӶˣŭʲô¯ҵҪ˵Ҫʲô
˵ҲǷ߶һȥ
СɳӭʹУ˿маɭɭһֺڳżһʹ
ˣŮɶѡʮ˴ߣ⣬ƷҲ׼ãһһǧ˰پʮһöɵһöУȥհ죿˵òªų£˳ƾųˣ˵ʹһֻͷֳ棬˵λһʮ֮ڡ
ѾսΪֲĴڡ
Ի߰˸˵ˣҲһɫСɳ˷ϵҧһھͶϵĲˮһھڵϣǸŭԡ
ʱСɳһ˹ֵųˣ⹱Ʒ̶֮õģǱȻȱҪߣ⣬ЩϹˡ
ƨأųЦһ˵һƴȥСɳλΪʵų˲ԿԶ㿪ȴܶ㡣
㿪Է˽ڣһֱӰ˶Էһơ
ΪҲǱһ´ɳȥ˦ʮ⣬ײһƬΡ
ƺˣСɳ˶һŭɫ
ų˵ô췴ӾվǴɱǸ𣿸𣿡
һŭ쳹ڶһ˶ߣȴһ裬ȴĲҳȥԸųˡ
һĻǼ˵˶ǹЦм
һȺث֣ʲôƨһһһƨǣӾǹأӽҪˣǸҲӦӦΥ˵ǿˣסҪʮŮɣҪƷҪų
һɸŭԣһҪ
ʱϡѺͷҲű֪ƺˣɫһæܹȥԷ𣺡ֳôˣ
ȻƺѵĴ磬ովųһϴžų涾أƺײˣж˿ɫ࣬˵
̫Ƣ𱩣˿ͲסƳԭȻһ쾳
ų˵ȴһмΣСɳмǹڵϣһɱ϶Բ㲻ôǻ𣿡


һǧʮ ָɱ
ĵطһ˸һλ쾳˵Ǻֻ·һ
ɾų֪ԼٺݣԷҲҷ
ΪԼˣô򵥣ôš
ԷҶԸԼǾ͵ʮĴһΣһСɳѾ˲ʹۣԽһٸӣҲҡ
˵ٹֵ飬Ҳֻš
һ뵽ų˾һ⣬ʲôܱȽΪ߹Լ˲ڽ¸ˬأ
ûС
ǣų˸ǵ⡣
ĵȻĻվסˣԽųɱһ˶ɵе
ٻɳСɳƵǹأǵ¾ͬѣһĻԶˡ
һҲǽĶҡΪûд
ŭʣ־ͺڣЩʴŵϣԼܵѹȵˣٷŭҲҷ
ų˾ǳ׼һԲš
ǱҲҧ˵ĺɳڣһˣһĵͳҪȥǧҪǱӻ
Ƿ˶
ǷɣҿǾųһֻۣʣ¿־˳ӡ
϶˵û㻹ȥһƯŮɶǶˣҪŮҪ͸檵ģǶҫӦø˲Ŷ԰Ҳ˵ˣϲǿȣЩŮԸסԸġųЦȻֵˣϽ˴ûȥ
˵ֿ꣬˿Ǳһ˪ѣȻ۾һҿͲһ
һ⻰ɫ䡣
УѲУ˵ų֮ԱǵôУԸȥȥǽ϶Ǹƺס
һɫɷףȭͷˣȥ̷˵ĸǸԸȥ
ֻһ̣ų˾͵ˣʲôı䲻ˣ绹㿼
С
˲ʱ¶
ڳһˣ޲ýųǧУ˭ң˾ͬһ޷ĴɽѹǣǾͱС
ʱ߶㿴롣
ǰһһ٣Ǹһˣһһ㶣ϸѿڶˣˣ
ԭеһˡ
ˣȻ΢Լַᡣź΢ͽܣҲһʿҲһ˻
ǻ֮˾˵˵ľųӭ͵֣Ծ΢
΢һԺ֮˵ͷҲͨˣˣʵϽһͬϵ㣬ͿԷ飬ⱻ׸ץסᣬһпܸıˡ
Ʒ˵Ļ΢ϡ
֪˵ľųβȡƷҪǿдʮһŮʱǳ׵ķŭˡ
һ·ӭ͵
˻ϡѵ˶ϲɫСɳҲǸ߲֮һֻʮǰĪʧ٣˵Ǳ˵Ķ׷ɱ֪٣֪
û뵽ʱʮֻ꣬ˡ
˿ŵͬʱҲԱߵ΢ͺİַᣬǲʶ΢΢˱Ķ붦֮ΪѾ޽ӽ쾳ټ΢ֶͨΣ˵һ쾳Ѿ΢֣̽鲻΢Ϊ˵΢ĶͨɱУֻҪ΢Ը⣬Ǻ쾳֣˭ǳ
ųһмȻѹû˷ַȴ۾һ
Ϊѡ檣ȻҪŮһһѾĹͬаɣ쾳һΪԣϲŮɫų˱Ҳһͷͷ֣ͬаͬϲŮӣ˿ַ̼ᣬԷȵĻϵռ¶˵ֱʩչֶͨץַᡣ
ǣŮ˹ˣ˭ҷɱ⣡ų˵Ľ
˼״ɫһ䣬ۿųŲƹȥһֻ־Ҫץסַᣬһ̣Աߵ΢̾һҡҡͷȻһָ
⿴ƽһָȴ·Ȼգ֮͵㵽˾ų˵Դϣһ̣ų˶һ޿ƥе⣬ЩһҲһճɷɻҡ
ھų˵ָ꣬ͷʱͱɱ
һ˲䣬ӭ͵ţֻеϿ΢һָƺ뵽ʲô߶µ⡭ǡһָ


һǧʮ 
СɳΪߵļλˣ쾳һʶ㲩Ȼϳ΢ʩչһͨ
Ҿڳ󲿷Ҳһָĺ塣
Уǿֲһָųһָɱʱĳųɫһɾ㵺ͲҲӡԺС
ų˵ţȻ˸ɱ
ݵļž֮󣬱Ȼ󲨡
Ǻˣ
ˣˣȻɱ˵ˣСɳôĵӣŰɣ˻֪ôĺ
žųһǰ˴˿ǴҲһ˿⣬ΪԷ̫ˣҲ̫ˣųλһʮ֮ڣȻǱԷһָͷ͸ˣΪҲǶ쾳ˡ
˵˵ŭСɳҲһ㵡Ȼһ½ųɱʮֽҲ֪ɴĺСɳΪһָһλҪ鷳ǲ֪һҪˡ
һ뵽Ѿһ־塣
Ϊˣ˿ȴ⣬ԱǸɣŵɫͻȻָ΢˭ԩ޳ΪҪǣ֪ոʲôСɳֻ㻹˵ԭ£Ȼ֮ء
ģˣǱ߼˵ھǽ˰ж˿飬ҲԵ˵ŭǣھͽն֫Ȼ˹أ˽˻᲻һ档
˵йŹֵƣһһͬһ㣬Ŷ
λҲλλǰһʮλĸ֣ˣųų˱ɱưոݡҲóɱų˵Ǽһ϶Ƕ쾳ƴΪǶ֣Ϊǵһ˲
˵꣬Сɳ˶ɫһмǿ΢ŵĻİնԷǰ㣬Ƚ¡
һʱ䣬ӭ͵ڶǹŹգ˸ǳ⣬ȴ΢ڵȱǿ裬ɳҲǣӽմڿʼüǵһ£Ǵһһˣһһ䣬ƽ֮£ж֮ͽһ޾壬ǣ˳ģҪôǱ־֮ѹƣڣұõ֮ѪǵѪԣǵĵģƽ־֮ⶼѣǱҩˡ
˵꣬΢ˣûһ㣬һһ˵ˡ
˿˻аˣΪף΢һһɫһ䡣
ǺˣɸұЦʵŶԷĸҽǶɱˡ
һˣ΢΢˵꣬һ㣬赭дһָȴǽһ˵ֱɱ
һΣ΢ûж붦֮𣬶ƾԷ飬˲ʱ䣬ӭ͵ڻһȷѪһ㡣
ôĵӣôĵӣ㲻㲻֪˵ֶΣʱЩˣ˵ҲЩͰ͡
΢̧һ㣬ٽһ˵ɱȻŵ£
٣
˸оԼһӣУԴ˺еûֱָսȨ˴ڡ
ʼôȵüѪȵֶνԷɱ֮󣬱ûˣǾ죬˵һ˭ҲΥ
ǽ죬ôôһسֺķӡ
Σˡ
֮ԵģСɳ˵𾪣΢һһָɱˣѪ£ػһ㡣
ϴ˿̵һȴǿŵѪɱúãɱúð
ҲһؿѪԡ
ͷԼЩܴͬӿ־嵱ѹȻ˭ˡ
һˣΪڡ
΢ǰһһָžһһ˵˱΢һָɱЩ˾ʿħħ˿ȴͬһ㣬΢һָһѾɱĸ
ʣĸŵĸεѣǿ˿ҲܾǣʶҪģ뵽˵Ĺأֲҡ
˵Ĺغϣһǲܶ˵磬򣬱ɱͷģȥ֮ҲŹǡ
ʱǱСɳķͻȻɤӺ㡭㻹ס֣λһֽɱŭСɳѴһˣֻܾأϣҪ̫ŭ
죡ѿɵʱڤ粻飬ŭǳ⡣


һǧʮ 
ѣʲô˼ҲΪ˴ҺãΪСɳãֻҪʮŮɾûˣƫƫⲻ֪Ķļһǿͷ˴ҲǶ쾳룬һһ쾳֮ͻᱻ˼ɱʱҲøŵùڽ׸ˣ˵һصءʱǿʶҲмһһ΢¶ŭɫ΢çײɱ˾ųˣΪˡ
ɣϰˣλ˵ĶԣǴһһˣһһӦǿȨġ򣬴˿˫Ŀ
һЦ˭һǲǴһѣ˵ûǾǹΪֻеܻȥȥİʱ㲻Ҳһ·˵˹ûʣĪΪֵһأһ˵ɵأҪ֪ΨһͨĴ˵ƿصУǲͷ˭ܽɼһ˲䣬ҲЩ˵
ȻҲ΢һˡ
ֻǱ΢ĻȾˣɾ֪ˣҲٻصǰֿ־ΪūС
Σ֮ҲԸǵͷѼᶨ˵
ǱҲǳǳ˷һ䣬Ȼżæ΢ˣǵŲҰ
΢ν޷ӴʲôС
ǷɱԱСһ㣬ǵСַӦҲ
Ǳ˿Сɳڲ⣬һתɣ̴ΧˣֻҪնɱұû¡
һͬ˺Ĺ΢޸ϵ㽫ɱ
ҿ˭ңˡѻеǵɫѿޱȣΪȷһСɳվ˷ߣһĻҲɵзǣҲẮġ
Ϊβңǿͷʲô£ʲô֡
ûҴðˣ˵֪ǺˣԶڶݣðһӦնɱ
⻰ѾĻ£˵Ͼ⻰˵˵ģҲпԭƫƫԼ˵ģʵ˺ĵס
ź͵ȻҪ˵ȴǿ΢̧֣¡
˵޷˵꣬΢˿ɵˣͽʱ֮ȨټɵŻ
΢ֿˣˣһұ㽫Ǿɱˣ֪һ衣
˵仰ʱǱѾǶ˵̾ӣʣһ㶣Ȼû뵽˵ܾܣǸӦѾǱ΢ָɱ⡣
΢һԶȴǲ׷ߵˣѾ΢˵ӣʩչ˾ŲֶΣŲƣƬ֮Ѿǿټ
߷ɵ˶ɫ䣬˵΢Ѿʩչ֮ǼȫסǻҲˣǲ֪ϲϵô
˵ţ΢˵ȡ߶˲ʱ䣬ϽţһĻѺ͵ϵǹȻ˵˼ٵģǱ߷ɵ˸һ£ʧȻ˵ƣ⣬ôܣ
ôܣԴɵˣ뿪ˣɳôһɲ䣿˺ɸֵһ䡣
⻰ɵ˶һʧǣ૵ѵġ
΢סɵˣȴżǣǿ򱻾ų˴͵ƺס
˿ƺײ壬˾綾΢Уһƻ֮ͿԽ
΢ʩչ붦ľһ֮˲佫ɫ԰׵ƺֻ֣Ƭ̣ͼƺ˵ĵطۿɼٶȻָǴ˿ڴƳɫ΢һɻǽЩٻɢڿС
ԭ˵ƺգ֮ĳ΢񣬿ɵ˸Ǿ¡
סˣҵ֮ǰȷʵ֪ݣеﰡɴ˿̼æڡ
΢ҡͷﲻڵңڶһҲɱǣֻΪ
˵̧꣬ʩչɵֵ̾ķͷϳһ󶦣¯ӿһ½֣˲ֻоʹ̣ƺһǵΪ
΢ڶ֮


һǧʮ Ǿ
ԹŷΪͬȡɳһ㣬İΪٶˡ
΢ڶ֮ͬȻ𽫷ɵ˵ΪǱ
Ϊ£˭ֵزǾֻ΢һˣΪֻڶܴ֮ﵽ̶ֳȣˣɵ쾳ĸˣҲô
ɵȻС˽ֱ־ɱεĵģҲʶ֮ˣΪڸһɶҾȻû˿˼ǵı壬Ҳ𣬵ǾΪˡ
Ǿǳ׵۷ȻǱ΢ΪǾȻûһ˿һԹޡ
һ΢ΪͬʱҲǵģԭ˵Ŀ־ҲǵȻ޴棬һҲǸо֮ǰΪʵ似Ϊ˸ܵԹޡ
ԵһڵϣͶء
¾ҪϣҷΪɷ񣿡΢ʵ
ɵ˼æͷˣķڷ˲ҪҵһҵȱɵԱ
΢˵ͷЩȻʵϻ˱˵Ŀ־֮Ĳȣ㣬Ҳȫǣ¾͵÷΢Ϊʾͽ䡣
ʱƺҲǼæǰлϸǰ˴ھȵУһڣѾĿɿڴ
ҩɾµӵӣݼŶɾ˵ͷͰݡ
СɳɶסˣҪ֪СɳĵλǰλģҸǵңЩ꣬ȫƾƵҩܽ˵ĹƷЩԵల£ΪϣҲǶ쾳һΪԪѾǧ꣬ˣ¸ء
ôһ΢дѾ˲ţ˵ϾȻ΢Ŷɾ
ɾʲô˶ܽеģ
ֻЩλߵϹŴɲʸ֮ΪɾһɾȫɾһĴڣɾ֮
һУ֮ܳΪɾҲôҩɾǺһĴڣΪһĹ£ʸ񱻳֮Ϊҩɾ
ӱҩɾĵӣҲǸҩɾŶģǼʶŶһָڶ֮
˵ɷǾŶǲģԵӸոտ΢ʩչһָּڶ֮ףǰλȻǾŶ
Żԥǰд
ȻҲ˵ŶȻţʱ΢ȴһЦ⣬ŵӵӣ벻ܼˣʦҩأ˵ҩһͬս磬ʹʧȥټҩȵΪӦò鷳Ŷԡ
ᵽʦҩȣӱȻҡͷʩս磬һ֮£źͶʦʧɢеȻڴ˴ҺͶʦ̫֮棬Ҳ˵ŶɾʣҶҪ
΢ͷ֮£Ժ˵⣬һ΢Ŷ֮Ҫᣬ˱ɡ
ʱҲˣӽеǾŶɾ֮΢Ȼûзϣһðһŵͷ
ʱæͷӽּ
룬ֵˣ˲òոߣǻ鷳
΢һЦ˲ʱγһɾƣ޷ǾҲҹߵģ˵Ҫɱˣ仰Ϊ˵ЦΣұһˣ֪һ衣


˴˸аɵĵɽأеˣ̸֮ɫ䣬ҡ
˿ǱӻأֱӰаɣƬ֮һУһ£ΪһӵаɽӼˡ
аɣǿ⣬һѱһᣬȥСɳľͼӴס
ˣǰһҪˣ֪һ֣ȻԳһ΢ų˶һָɱƴͻΧܸϻˣ븱˷ٵ򣬽ɱɾ˴˿̹ڵϣͷ˵
һаһһȻôеƾս࣬Ҳоһɳǵĺ⡣
Сɳ˾ȻΥҵɱ˵ˣǱа˵꣬λ߳żΪĶ쾳֡
ʱͻȻŹ֣һ԰ף亹һ̣ͻȻӿֳһ׭Ȼһ£ֱը
һ˲䣬ըųٵ׹⣬ֻɲǣ֮˵˾ͱɱ롣


һǧʮ ѹ
̫ͻȻڴ֮ھ󲿷˵˶ûκη׷УȵɨԺ󣬼ֱȷѪ꣬һƬǽ塣аŭĽһŷ˲ء
аıӶˣ˼ֱǴ㣬Ȼӡ֪˻á
ǸСɳ΢ֱȻַսǲԷɱСɳƽ˵Ϻڣ
ˣҪҪ֪ͨˣаһһɵĿѾĿĴ֮ǰʮλ˵ˣڣֻʣ²ɴ˿ɼɫ׵ʣһΪĶ֡
òţаҧгݵ˵ԸģɣҪѪϴɳڣСɳ

΢˿СɳλϣСɳڶˣڸոգЩ˰ݼ΢ҽɳСɳ΢
Сɳзʮˣ֮£ʮˣͳǧ֮Щһţ⣬а֮
˿̣ƺ׹Сɳˡ˻֮ǰķɵ˶СɳִˣСɳִѾĴڡ
Щ΢Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵ѹ֮½Сɳչ׳Ѿǲˡ
ֻÿ꣬ǶҪռʯݣ뵤Ͽ¯Ƶҩ˵ĹƷڵĹƷǿϽˣʵǲظʱƺֵ
΢ЦЦĹƷʡˣԺҲҪϽ
ƺ׵˵ͷʵϴ΢ֽųɱһСɳѾǳ˺ƤˣȻҪϽ
ˣʱѸɳˣ˵СɳʽսԱߣѹ
ս΢ҡͷһ˴һ㿪սҲǺȫд֮ʲôҲһս
΢ʮ㣬֮ǰʶ΢ģȻЩкܶûм΢ģ˿һ⻰аҡͷλ˵ǲ֪ηվ˵ۡ
ǿǼʶֶεģУλǰһٵѾǸˣλǰʮģǸеĸ֡
һλ˶Ƕֱ֣ţݸ壬⻰ǲ˵ģֻһ̾ĵùۡ
֮ǰӭ͵з飬ֻĿãСɳ󲿷˶֪΢һݡ
Ŷת
ʱ΢ͻУ̧ͷһˣԤҪ̫ࡣ
һʼ⣬ܿ죬졣
ãǵķˡĵϵɫһ䣬˵գһ֪˵ıˡ
Ψһ̾΢ȻǶ΢
΢һЦһӶɼæҲǸŷ׷׷ɳȥһǸоͷƤ顣
ͼɳ֮ϣԭǻѴ۲µػѾǱ֧飬ɳ֮ϣԿӰɳдߡ
ǿǾֳԭͣһĻ΢֮⣬˶ֽűǱ΢˵ĵĵϵˣҲһǡ
ˣӦ˸аˣа쾳һΪȻǸеλҲֻڵڰλһɽɴСЯ֮ڣɣų֮գ˿ɵԱߣʱ΢˵
˿ɵգұնǿ΢˵ѾǷ
֮ϣɽСɳػƵ֮󣬿ɼһ˺ºڷа˸аɡ
˿Ȼɱ˵ףɳڶ
˭΢Լվ
˵꣬΢ѾǷһ˰ͷɣǺ޾ɫԿڶɵơ
ұ΢Σ΢һƽƺԵĲɣһȺëһ㡣
ãе´аЦһ̶֡
ͼֻ̧ûһ޴ޱȵĺצȻݺݵץ̼䣬ֻͬһ㱻˺ѵ޴צЯɱֱץ΢
צδѾǿռݣϵһɽȻҲǱѹһӣ΢Ҳڶһ
Сɳˣϵڣ˵ûֵܵѾܿǽֶΡ
ܵһצ𣿡˶лɣΨһ΢ʮģַͰˡ


һǧʮ նһ
аһȻܶ㣬Ƕ㿪Сɳɱض꣬ҲаһʼĴ㣬һʯǶԷ㿪ǾͽСɳɱǶԷ㣬ǱɡԼһצаʮģ쾳һɱˣ쾳ж٣һצɱ
Ҳδܶ㿪һצЯռ֮Իɽһ㶴쾳ֻǵ۵аһɫҪԵֶνԷɱ˵ơ
ԷȻɱ˵ˣȻаɿļһﲻֵһᣬͬϣҲǴ˵´򣬱ĸ̳ͽԷַչȥ˭ս˵Ȩƿ
˵֪Լ²϶Ҳһ뵽ĿֲаҲǲɵп־塣
Ȼһ֮֮ϣͷһˣ;ǲ£ðƯƯ
ܲɱԷаɴûлɹ쾳ɱһ쾳Ҳһͷײˡ
צЯ֮ͷץ£΢Ҳ֪쾳ֵһѰֶԻģһ飬񽣳Ȼӳֱ޼᲻֮һն
һʽɨͬƥɨһҫ۹âȻ˲佫Ǿ޴ޱȵĺצһնΪ
⻹㣬ϴ֮΢·һգչĺצҲ֮մ
СɳһǻȸԾеΪոˣȴû뵽΢ȻĵסаɵһצǽǺצˡ
Ҫ֪쾳ֵһ˵΢к쾳ƥе
뵽֮ǰ΢Ҳĳȣһ˿ϣ
ܳɹ
аɴ˿ӶɳˣʵڲţԷһ쾳ȻǽԼĺצն
а߳ŭԷһնԼĺצֱǵдԼ
Ľҵĺצԡ
аſһ磬ʱһ޴źХһŻ˲ɢְﷶΧյУͬһӿĻ˳ͷ£һƬ죬滹û䣬Ѿǳϴ棬治ٿݲݾȻ˲ȼ
ˣаɵаһһ˲ɱ顣Сɳ˿𺣣ɫ԰ףȻǿκεɷԶԿ𺣣ֲֿ£˵ҲСС
΢ǵصĻȴ˿塣
Сҵˮɺ΢𺣣̧ʩչˮ淨һΣ΢֮ˮ
ȥ
һ̣΢ˮȥаһʧЦˮ𣬳롣
ֻδ䣬ˮѾȻըǿﷶΧľκˣϣӿȥ
˿һĻǼԸӣϸǼˮ죬Ǵܼͨ˾޺
ӿˮӿʣ׳ۣ˵񡣾аҲһ㵣ֶͨθסˡ
һ̣𺣺ˮײ¡죬ض𶯲ѡ
ֻɲ֮䣬𺣾ͽˮһ룬ҲǳӿˮУڶˮƺ΢һʣĺˮƲ㣬Ȼ
С꣬꣬ɳڡ
ɳ֮Գ֮ΪɳڣΪƶ񤣬ûˮҪƽ꣬ҲƿҪʩ꣬Ǵط衯ˮ꣬ڻɳڣˮɽ衣
΢ˮ淨ȴͬǿеˮϵɷ΢붦ֻ֮ҪеɷԵõļӳ֮΢ˮ󷨵ˮɺаɵ֮
аɴ˿ɫѾǰͲסͬʱȻҪսɱ΢
ˣͬʱԵɣ
ҲգɽɳڵƽаҲ΢öԸʮþȵԶɣӦⲻˡ
ȴ֪΢Ӧ֮
ΪһͿ޵ˣǱһƪնɡ΢һ˲ſͷ˷ͫ
˷ͫΪ΢Ҫ˷ͫӳַ
ΪɿɲǿЦģ쾳۷ĴڶûͬʱӦôɡ
΢նҲûаͬʱԸôɣſ˷ͫܰռӴ
һ̣ɣ΢Ʈдһƪն


һǧʮ ն
˲ʱ䣬ʫƪ֮ͨ˲ǻɫ䣬ļ£ȵ΢һʱѾǾޱȣæˣҪⷨԷΧȻ˷ͫӳֵնֹ΢ʩչǿ˰ٱֱӦǾ仰Գ棬絶
аҲǱһƪնŵĻ겻壬쾳һĽɸ֣ͬ΢նѹƣ˿͸оиһ㣬ǸоҪԼɽл
ϧˡ
΢նһ֣ͷ·նڶͷϵһնͬһ״ջɲ֮䣬΢оԼķˣȫնһϡ
֮΢оЩѣΣ֪Լһƪն˷ͫļӳ֮£
ٿɣ˲䱻һεնлͻȻƵѪʬͬһ㣬䡣
Сɳɴ˿Ѫ嶥֮ǰ΢ڴţˣʱҲٲҴ˼˿΢Уǲս񣬾һ档
˭һնɣ
֮ǰ˭˵ǱȻ֮ԱǣţڣңһĻ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿһʬ΢˿ʩչָͬʱ̧ͷ죬һź
ϧûնǸаɣȫնԷǲҲΪѾΪ塣΢ովͿаɱննˣȴƾΪֻߡ
΢˷ͫգҲû׷ϣֻܾʹգöԷߡ
˿΢˵ؾŶеĶ붦Ϊǰ̫࣬ɵϣѾ޽ӽ쾳ɣƾ΢ľտգԱԿ쾳ɸҲǺη塣˵΢оűɵĹΪ˷ͫһڣ΢оԵĶսˡ
˿΢һķ׷׻ۣƵҲ۷ѣͬΪ쾳ĵϣ˿Ҳһ
ȻҲǶ쾳΢̶ȣһķֺΪĵ
΢Ųƶ£΢Σе˶Ծͷһη͹ΣСɳˣԶһЩʿ΢
˷ޱߣһնǺƣѰҵȽյǿ۽ˡǰ˵Ǿη
ˣʾ¡ΪŮɣ˾ηĽԹ˰ӢۣԣǳҲĨɱ
Ҳ֪΢ѰˣԼ䲻ϵģΪ΢һ¶ûʸ
Ⲣ΢ְĽ͹
˿Ҳǵͷʾ¡
ȷ΢֮ǰСɳ˵ѹ֮ûϣսս޷ƿԼˣȴͬ΢ĹǣȻǺǰͬ
ĵҩ˷ַȥͨɣӦԡ΢˵ѾǺϴȫͬû˻ɣû˾˵󻰡
СɳԳϵȻò΢ģ֮΢㽫Сɳ߲
ˡƺסѻеӣԣ֮⣬аַᡣ
΢ɨһۣȻӣҪɳڱչһʱգǿԻӭǸ˾ְá
˵Ȼǵͷ
΢ַ᣺ȰΪʦҵ񾳽̫ͣȸλϢͳһɵһ֤֮ܲɣܳҡ
ַἱæͷԴɳСɳǳ˼ʶ֪ʲôһ֪ԭд˵һķˣսֻͼĴڣ˵ţ۽磬жɵ
ޱܰ΢֪ͥ΢Ϊжߣ֮ǰ΢һնǽһɸֱߣƣܵУ
¶ģһҪһʱ֤ʵϣǷ۷ˣֻҪתͳɵɣֻҪȫԸؿɴɡ
΢ѡչصĵطûʲô֮־磬һطǶ츣ء
ɳһɳżѾụ̂˵ǧǰһɵżѾ˥
΢żѰһʯ̨ȻʩչΧϥ
֮ҪչأΪ΢ҪȥȡؾŶһȡ΢ѾĶΪȻͻƵ쾳硣
Ҳ΢ֵ˵ԭڡ


һǧʮ ֮
ؾŶ΢ѰҵѭҲнģһʼ΢ûκڶ֮ҲΪԶ޷ؾŶڣһʼ΢ƾ辭ȥѰҵġ
ϲý֮΢ǡ֪սн֮ΪŨġ硯ڣǲ˳ҵһؾŶ
һ΢ΪͻɱҲԽԽ㡣ڶҪҵľĶĶؾŶͬгĸӦֻҪҵĶ˵Զ΢ҲܲؾŶڡ
ʱ΢һ鷳ǾеĵؾŶ֮ʴˡ
ͬĶͬ붦󶼷׻΢ࡣ
õ붦֮΢ΪͻͽڵؾŶУ붦Ҳȫսδڣõ΢õͷžͶˡ
΢ȥҵĸĸĸ΢Ѿơ
΢˿̸дһ׭дһ䣬ԼϣϣԾű֮ʩչ̤֮ţɲ֮ʧ١
΢˿֮ϣȴûҪȥط¿ȥ
棬һƬŹֵĻУǺδǴ֮ľŶҲ֪ȴ׵ؾŶеһȻ档
ŶȵõؾŶŸݵؾŶСѶ֮Ѷƿʱգһ֮ĸ
ŹֵĻУӦʹڵģ̤֮أ΢֪ѶȻ棬мΪǿʱ֮ѶϣĶӦҲ΢²Ѷ档
ʱмΪֲ΢ҲԣԾűɵǰǰã䣬һ·ҲԵһʱʩչ˲塣
뵽΢Ǿòգʩչͨȿռɡ
ɶˮһ㣬ûǣֻ壬΢ƣΪϣȴǺˮ޼ﵽһĳ̶ȡ
΢ĿǰΪһҲֻܴȿռ䵱ͬʱٻɣѾ΢ļޡ
ɴͷҲһЩ
΢һɺԥһǰһԾţ΢Ҳ󣬷¡
Կ΢ָ˩һϸõɣ΢ӣ۶Զ죬ʱ鷳̿ͨر塣
ϾǵŶҲֻ֪֮µкֲܿ澿ʲôΣȴǲ֪
ֻѶƿʱգܽжȻԿѶ㵽棬֤һ¡
ǾѶû֮ܵĸʴ
һϢǰĶ붦ȡĹ̶кܶನۣԽǽӴˣ΢Խ֪˾Ŀֲ
ȫ˾ܱģһ˷ͫϴξͲһ΢ꪳۡ
˿΢·ȥٶȼ죬Ƭ֮ѾǽӽУм󣬵ȴǴһʱյУֻн̤Ų֮ܿǲܿġ
ǰѾǽУ֮ǧ΢֪ͣûʲôΣ֮롣
˲䣬Χ΢񣬰ĶĸӦ֮Ѷڷλȥ

̳аɴ˿̹ڵϣɪɪ
Ҳ쾳ɸ֣ȴǱ΢ննΪ˵ֻǲֻӻ̳Ԯ
аǸҲֻйݴˣĵλȻκ˶սȨ
˿̣֣վڸ̨֮ϣңԶǺʣ˵ɫ׳ۣаɣ߶½Ⱥþ
꣬ҲͷƺУòŵа֪˵Ĺأ²ﵱǧУ㻹ʲô˵
аһŵĻ겻壬æм뿴һֱĹķݶϣƹһᡣ
һЦЦݵû˿ɱŭƽʲôƽ֮£ʶҲˣһأ
аɵǿ־嵽㣬ΪԽźĹϵһڿ쿪ˡ
һ̧̣һӣһ˲գ֮ͽаڣͼаһҽƬ֮󣬾ȻѾǱնĩ
аɱϾ쾳֣꼫ǿ˿Ҫߣ̧һץͷ·§һ㣬аɵץС


һǧʮ 
֮ʲô𣿡ƽʵǻһ˿ЦݣЦȴǽаɵŵķ
аôƣ̧һУðһùвͷ໥ۼΪаɸߵľ޴ÿһõۿУɭɭ𣬸Զȥͬҹ׹׹Ĺ⣬һ۶˲
һػ꣬Ҿʹ㽫Уֻǿ㻹ЩôԶһʱգû뵽ȻնɸΪ˵ɶˡ֪֪ǴҪһһҵĹеģʱǿƾȫҶ£ȴҵļƻȻ֪ģã𣿡ЦаѾˡ
һ̣ðɭɭֻƬ̾ͽаɵһ꣬ȻʩչطǹС
ܿ죬ϱﵽɵаλǱĨɱǣС
һ΢𣿡ž޴Ĺǰӻ˵ôһһˣȻһնɣܽа˳һɣҲҿаһçײȥԸˣҲ֪ȥǳԿıȻҡ
˵Ҳ¶ɵȻ򣬵ȴһӣһֲ̬ǿ˭ţȥͨͨȻ̸֮ɫ
ˣ֮ǰȫ¹ἰ£һѰһֵؾŶһ̽һ΢䣬Ϊβ֪ȫһ赶ɱˣһͽ𡣡
뵽ǹЦɭɭâ
£һͬǾ޴һʧ١
һ֮󣬻̳֮أϢǿ쾳ɸ
ɫÿȥȫţȻûмֻȫڼоԼܵӡ
ǸΪߣ־ƣԲûбַֺֻ˵ܷһ΢ټǰšȫ֮һɺһȫĽɺɾͬһǰ̽
ȴһĺͲмƫƧСطȻǵɱѿشȽͬϷ
һ仰ǵֻȫЩƴ󣬶ҲԹǴܶ飬֪ռһأĳϹżеõɹõĴֻҪɹɣӲ쾳֣ʱ˾Ͳֻôˡ
ȫ˴ڶȻССܱȵģˣλѾ׼磬λϹȴﵱбȫǽڶĸ˵ĺء
ͺ쾳һɫһɸɢܣŭˣƲȫ
һЦæҡ
λγԣȫǴڶҲû˵ĪҹªţѾȡһ˴һŵ٩ˣ̧־һƴ
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һ£ͺ˶Ǵһ
ȫڵΨһŮɣ˿üͷһ壬뵽ʲô󸴫֣ѰˣǰսȻˣȴĸߣΪȻһ۾꣬Ҳ˵˱£˷ǻҪ£ǣԿһƽϣһεɱ΢
һѹȥŭ֪ͬˣ˷Ѱҽ֮ȡʤ֮Ѱ٣Ȼ˵һ΢ټ³ͻȻҲǶǰɱ΢˵΢ǵŶתΪȴǺһ㣬̵ĲǹűɵͨҶ˶쾳ɴɵĸ֣ɱɱ΢Ų¡
ԣɱһ΢ǵһҪ£ĶҪУҲһͬϣ֮˵΢ûŶɵĳ̶ȣŶɵĺ쾳磬֣кξ壿˴֮Ҳͷû׷ȫ֮¡


һǧʮһ 
˷лǰţ΢δҶǰȥʱЦһڣչ¶֮ǰĻҩζǱ嵭
ܿɵĴ㣬ȴЦλҴ·ԣҪҶԸ΢ȴǲУ֮ǰ΢һնҵĸˣͬʱնɱɸ֣ʲǶ֣Ҳλһ£òǶ֣ͷȥԳ֡
һնͨзӶԸԼȥԸˣҲ߲ĵԽĺǾǿɣδ΢Ķ֣ǲУǿȥȽ׵
˭ͺλһǹһЦ
üͷһ壬ԣȴɵԭˣ㲢֪΢ǴһƪննһɽԲΪҲƾն磬ɶ»ʵϣ΢Ϊһ֮ǰҲǷ˶ѡ
ʲôһһʲ֪΢õרʥģնǿȴ˺Ч
΢ȻһնҲ˵ΪҲӦǶ쾳ˣһôķȻҲǷݽߣ˿ʺ϶֡Ц۴ɱһһףԭˣ֪ԼͲȥȫԼһҲԽ΢նɱˡ
ֻ˵ʲôҲˣ뵽΢ϱȻб˷ȥֻԿ΢΢һЦȻˣұλһͬ΢նɱɱ΢֮֮ǰ̶ʹ͸Ҽɡ
Ȼ׳ͺλһЦɾͼɣߡ
뵽ܿͿԽȫĴ΢ɱͺм΢ڶȻ΢ûӵģϾݵĽɸֲȫ٣ʮս΢նɱ˵ɸ֣΢þűɵͨҲԲǵĵ֡
ɣսκһطǾ춯صѹһУ첻˭棿
Ϊ˱ǽλǰʮĸֶһϣ⵱УҲ쾳Ľһͬ쾳ΪҲһͺǶ쾳ģֻСɡ
ܿ죬ɴڶ˵Ѿرѹһ㵽ɳڣСɳ
Сɳ˵õϢ֮һ϶Ǿޱȡ
˸㳲ɱ΢
ˣȫĽɸ֣ݣԴݻսоųϵˣ˵Ͷ֮⣬ֵܵһֱӹһɳˣɳСɳ˵ô쾳ɸֻ֣һܵġ
ڣǻ΢ڡ
СɳУӡѡƺסͼһ
ͨȥˣͬʱڷ˳ô󣬾ҪýһĶǣСɳڻɳڳˣҲЩӵΣʱ̣Ҳܶǲܲˡƺʱ˵СɳĴܼңͳ˺ܶ顣
ҪҪȥ֪ͨˣʱʵ˿ɫ԰ףʵϣڳûһǺÿģϾеǰһɾԵ֮£û΢ֵʸûС
ʱҡͷ˱չʱ˵֪ͨСɳΣգԻȣң˱չ֮ǿ֪ҵˣҲȻ󷨣ο
һҲͷ
Σ
ΣȻǲܶһ磬һԶǴһȥɼᣬӭС
Сɳ˼һҲ֮˿㳲ƣ֮Ӧԡ
ӡƺסԼ˿浱֮󣬶ǿţеĿ־塣
ʱһᵽǶоµĴڣǴ仨ˮǱȫԱ£ǵ棬ɱʮСɳ֣һ̿ʼֲ޿ƥеû΢һԺǣǻ𽥱ֿ־帯ʴ˵ΪܱסڵΪ¡
ڣڸԼĿ־壬ɻоǿѹ
˵Ǵ˿ԵĿɲֻȫڵλ쾳ɣͺ
ϣڶΪλʸûУڣȴǣǽҲɵһˡԱ˳ЦȻǺ޾ɫ̸Ц


һǧʮ ΢
СɳҲ˵ȾҲǹһЦҲЦ˵ĲҴҲǧˣǶ쾳Ϊ˶ȴ֮٣գұҪһ޺
οδػڣȻԽһΣʱһᶨ
ĻƽʱǲеģƫƫǾˣΪСɳĿù漣
΢ΧʱһԳնƣɳ޵С
˽Сɳ˶ƺΪ޵С
޵УֺξЩɣ΢Ȼնɣ죬ΪβܽЩ쾳Ҳնˣ
΢պķȫһնơ
Ʋ֮ϣɫԱλǰһ쾳ҲŭЩһļһǲ֪дǵУֻһ쾳ֻһЩ˺ͨɡˣȻҲҽӭУǰں֮ɱ
쾳һͷɣϣΪǿ׳ؼףֳһϽⶤ̴Ǵһɳͷش˵޳쾳֮һȥһ޴ĸֱ飬ɵУҲڶһĴڡ
ʵУɲ٣ͬаɣҲһ֣ϧаɵ쾳һ㣬ϸλã۵ǾԱȲɵġ
һǱȫͺ񣬼Ҳûзԣ˵ͷԸЩ㣬Ȼǲмڳ֣ɴͷҲ
ͷɹһЦž޴ͳȥξ޴ͬһ㣬Ȼǽ̤ףӵһ˵аơٿУһһеı˭΢
Ѱ󣬶ҵз󣬾ûвӭսĵʱ˾ҪǰȴǱ¡
ţΪԷһ¶סȥɡЦһ㶣æϲɣóǵ֮ƴ¶֮
ҲöǴ󣿡ȻѾ
ֻܵͷȻģҲ֪ܼܲʱ
Ϊ˲һһΪ˼ϣȻȻӭС
һɭɭһЦƾ㣿ʮҲһɱǸ΢أǺܴ򣿽
ҲǹһЦһ˵λߣ˵ͳģҲΪãһ˳棬ʮ㣬Ҳһָɱġ
õɱŭƱӿѹ羪κһӼæתΪֵˣҲЩмܡ
ûж֣ƾƣӾͲУ֪֮Ĳж󡣵һΣӺ޾ɫѾͨ˷սҲϥ
һҲ˵һ˲͵˵ǰ˹ȥ
һ´Ż֮ЯףУ̻һ̯࣬ҶԷطͬʱΧռסӴ˿ֻо൱УԶܣҲû㣬˫ֽӡʩչһɷͬһơ
һƿͨȴɣԪƣһмΪɷͺҽйһʵɱһ㣬ȴǷѨ֮ٶʱڶá
Ȼ֪Լɲ̫󣬾ɱҲδ˵ԷԾⷨӦԣҲҪöԷһ
ɼΣϧ̫Զ󸿴ɱһĶԹӵҡҡͷ
пһĻ˶֪ӵΪһҲԲɵĶ֡ۿҪɥǴ֮£ɲ֮䣬ӽ¾Ȼƾճһš
𣬱Ѿвռ۵赲ͬˮ¾лһ㣬ԣҪԷȴ졣
һȻԻأﲻĿҲǰ״
˸գЩһԣӵĵԪȴһ䣬һ𣬾ȻǽӲ
һ±ȻĿɿڴǵԼҲУȿ֮Сɳһȫ󸡢λɶɫһ䡣
֮ɫأȻϵãΪȫУ֮Ķɷǲġ
Ҳ֮ǵŶڣҲ˵һ֣΢ˡ


һǧʮ 
Ҳʶʩչ֮˿̿ͬ㵣;ŶɵĹϵǲ֪ģɣʱӦȴǿԶԶһ̤һֻƬ̾ߵӽǰ
һæݵ
˵Ȼ΢
˿΢ƮϢȴǺȻͬ󸺬ڣȻ΢ΪǳЩŹˡ֮ǰа˵ԷΪǶ쾳аɶܲ̽Լûɲ̽
ǣ
뵽һֿܣʱͫһ㵡
һ󸺬λҲȻ뵽һ𣬶ţ쾳ɵΪǸӦԷΪֻ˵ԷΪǺͬڡ
ѵ΢쾳ˣ
뵽ã󸺬ڶͷͷƤ飬Ƕ˿֪΢ĵϸλǵݺ޵оŶɵתǶ쾳ΪǻܶԸһɽɣǾЩץϹˡ
ôܣ
һ֮ǰڴ֮ʱ΢ΪҲǷˣƾֻǹľűɣűǿδܵеùЩͳ쾳ɣǲ¡̶һʱôܽΪ󾳽磬ֱδŵ顣
Ȼ뵽ֿܣ󸺬λȴǲš
޳쾳֪£Ŭմ˵ӱվ˶ˣȻ˭֪Ҫ޳ɾͽжѡ
ǲŲţ˵ţһʱ䵱Уӷ쾳磬Ƕš
ٿ΢ӷЦңȥɡ
Ӽޱȣ˵֮ǰȻŲɣлôһʣΪĵ̫ǿˣδػҲδܵеùԷôɸ֡
ڿ΢֮еȫɢȻǿǰ֪Լһʤ
֮󣬵ӹ£ع鱾֮󣬿ŵͶĿ⣬ЦҿӦ졣
СɳɿϲҪ֪ĵһͨɸӦΪȻô˵Ӧû
ż죬ȻʹӶ쾳ͻƵ쾳˵ȥ϶û˻ţֱǧ˵飬漣ȵ΢һնҪ˾̾漣
Ȼܡ
ٿ΢˿̿ŽߣԪʱסõɣȻϸͷһ壬ɺɽˣҴһ
ʱϵĽѾƿһִ΢
ã쾳Ҳסһ󸺬λһҲ̲ס̾ոͻȻǸ쾳类һɱ΢û֣˿̵ȵͻƽƣҲˡ
ɳһǵһǣһռ֮Ҳδܱܿ
ֻˣ΢ѹûܿ
ͼ΢һֱֻ֣ӵס֮شȻд⣬ͬʱùһط䣬䷨䲻ɷޣѾԽɷΪ䣬գȴһ廤㲻ͽ㽵ɡ
˵ţ΢̧һͼ΢һϳһ䣬һʧʲô䷨ϹϢ
ûӦ΢һѾ˲ͷϣһ̣ۣɾ޴Ķͷγһӡ
ˣ
һ֪ãǿս֮һԲʧɵȷ츳ʱɰɽɾ;Թܱ˽
Ӧ죬һŲȥҪֹ
ҲΪһƱˣ΢ȴǿִ̧һųȥ
ûֵ㣬ȥ
һȳ⣬ֻоǰӰһæԷƺûжʲôɷһ̣亹ֱ
Ϊ֣ԼȻɲֻ֮ص֮ǰԭλͷ·ûжطһ
˲䣬ͷƤ飬ͬԱͺλҲһı顣
ʲô
ͬʱһһ˲䣬ͷ·ʱһ㣬ص֮ǰ״̬һеļɵԽԽȻǲóȻ֡
ٿ΢Ѿǽʩչϣһǳ΢ݵȻʱ֮ǰаɷǶһʥ֮
˵ĿɿڴʵŵλɣȻôˣԷǽֱء
ɾӶ࣬΢һֱּǽǳԵģٿ΢Ŀ¶־֮ɫ


һǧʮ ΢
ͺɻһۣӱ˴п֮ɫ˵һʼɱ΢ʮ㣬ھѾЩϰˡ
΢Ȼû֣չֳʵѾǺţ֮䣬ͽһ쾳ɽ£Ҫ֪ԼɣδӮ
֣ǺãѾЩ⣬ϾŶ̫ΪŶɵתĵоġ
Ҳһ˿ԥܿͱᶨ档
񣬻ѵã˵ʲôҲҪ΢նɱɳԽ죬𣬶ȫԽǺ£βɱΪسȫ󻼡ȻľԶ
΢θǵ̫ˣ˵һ֮Լûеڣɱ΢Ѿǿ̲ݻ
ҲͨеĹؼ˵ͷ΢ȫȷǼһᣬԷΪ쾳ҲӦǻûȶﻹǲڳ˵֣һ֣ͬ΢ҲȻס
Ǻɲ΢Ѿ쾳ԸţԷɱΪı﷨
˿ҲǷһ˿Ȼ΢ҲԲҪɱԷ
ȻǸ㲻΢оˣʱЩѹȿƵȻͶһСɳһԿˣһԼĻҵҲͻһ
뵽ԼɹֻһֻҪɹɣʲôһʲôȫˣҲ¡
ɹҪϺ߽꣬⣬֪Ҫȵ£ԾΪЩҲŹ΢
Ȼû˵󸺬ǺĬĵ˵ͷһ̣ɸһ֣ͬ΢
ɸֶľսǧɵˣֲûʩչǶһ䣬ֻҪʱͻȻʩ󣬲ȻǰʩԷ˷Ӧʱ䡣
΢ɸҲһ˿һ
˿ͷ˵棬סСɳɣԿ΢Ϲһ׹Ʒ
˿̶ƷѾû֮ǰɳһĻɫͨǾӨ͸⣬ʡ
ɲ΢޳쾳ʵϣ΢һεȷ޳쾳ֻ˶̶һ졣
֮µʱеУ΢ҲǾ裬ҵѶʵϣ΢֪ʱһΪصĵط˴ʱټеһ꣬Źһ죬΢ʵедһʱ䡣
ҵǣ΢ܿҵѶҸҵǣѶδ֮ǰĶ붦ǰ㱻֮ʴѣȻҲһЩ鷳΢ѶҪɵöࡣ
΢ʱелʱ䣬֮ǰ붦ѶһͬһѾ˵ؾŶеĶΪҲֱͻƣﵽ쾳硣
Ժɾòܷ飬ƫƫͷˡ
Ϊʱ㹻΢֪ɾӶ࣬ԽǰõطϣƳһö䣬ö䣬Է쾳ɣҲֱӽơ
ֻϧ⽵伫ƣķѵĲҲǼ΢ҲֻƳһкֱܶ࣬Ӳٿض쾳ɣ׳
Ȼֻһ䣬΢Ҳʵϣ츳ʱƣҲһúسһ
ƳһöǿޱȵĽ䣬΢һ£ǾǽʱԼѶʱתͨѾưܣ˷סƷָʢ״̬
֮һͯʱ˥׳ʱ״̬ѣͷҲһ㣬ʱеУѶʱͨ΢ȻĽƷָʢʱڣ£΢ָ˲֪ʯ˵һ䣬һƷѾǽ΢еļҵ׶Ϳˡ
ƷΪҪתʱ䣬ǿ΢ҲֻǽѶʱвǿˣ΢ҲһܵǴֱ֮ɱ£΢ԺǾԲֻǶһ񣬻ʲô΢Ǹȡͨתʱ䣬ǽҲǱɡ
߷մŸ߻رƷָ֮΢֪Լμһô˲ıָƷԽƷӳֵ㣬쾳ֵ΢ҲһƳ
ȻƷҲֹʩչͬһʱֻ̣ƳһͬʱһƷҲ޼¡


һǧʮ 
˷΢ƷΪҲĶΪ쾳磬˷ͫӳַɱﵣɸ֣кξ壿
һɨ΢֪˵ΪߵͣʣΪߵȻǰ˰ĻѪֲԷһмǿķʣһ򵽿϶òˡ
Ϊڶıȫ֮һ󸣬ҲƽɣΪһЩȫںɡ
ԷΪȻɣô˵ҲȫڣԶ֮ǰ΢쾳ǰ㲻һ
Ĵ֡
һ̣ɵһʩչһ̧һץгһˮãֱӳ΢ˮǼ񾧴̣ɭɭ֮֮˪ƾնոǽ´ѩɼһ
΢˵ãȫҲ˵ǲɼձ֮һʯһ󺣣ϣǽ֮壬Ҳ̶ססѪԶᶳ˸Ϊ
΢ȫȻ壬ԷҪռȻ΢ôԸһȻ޾ɱУΧǺ쾳Ҳõ
Ȼ΢á
ͬһץ΢ֱӳ񽣣һǽʽֱ̹ȥֱӶײһ
һƶĤһľ촫кʣϼƲ񷣬ֻ˲䣬ɳú¡ɳķ˰գ˿СɳʿĽ飬ȫڼУҪôǳǳ֮ڣǰӣ΢µưô꣬ż죬Ȼַ·¡ˣѩƮ£ڶෲ𺳣ŽˣƸ꣬
˵΢һֱӽôһƣҪ֪񽣣ӳֱ޼᲻ͨǱлߵǿҲ󼰡
ͬʱ΢࣬Ѿʩչ˲ŲƹԷһʮɺ⣬ն΢
΢̤Ŷ㿪Ȼ˷ֺǱߺѾǳʩչһżΪɵ䷨
䣬ȫʮն󡣡
ɲȫ֮һȻһ䣬ͬʩ
һΪ䣬Ƕ䣬˲䣬΢ϾзƣһҲԶʱڻ磬ֲɱȴǵڶȫʮն
һɣնɣȫɱ֮һҪʩչ󷨣ҲöʮɽҪӳķӡͬ΢֮ǰĽ䣬Ҫǰ׼ģԲþãԺɵͣҲֻܴ߶һȫʮն
һ£߶һξ㹻ʤˡ
΢̿ԼΧʮڣƾճʮɽÿһɱڣ䣬кããұ㿴΢ô񣬿켤󡣡
ʵϲѣǱߺѾʩչҪȫʮն󣬵ɲǣɸо죬æͷΪʱ
Ѿһɣ΢
ˣһĻǴʧɫ΢Ծű֮ʩչ̧һƣ㽫ɴȥ
һЯĺ飬ֱǽλһѪϢ˲ήȥ
䣡
ڵأһƬɽһʱǵضɽҡ
ԭ΢֮ǰѾǰʩչϣԷס壬սֱӴ京ɣɣֻʣ
ɱͬʱ΢ɣ΢űҲЩԵֵ̹壬Ӷ񽣺Ƕ˶һ
ԽԽľ֮ǰǺͺһ΢ֻĳɱΪǲ̽鲻Ҳ˵ԷδǴﵽ쾳磬Ǵ˿̽ǿ԰ٷְȷԷ쾳ɣΪǻҪ͡
ôܣ
˲⣬˿Ҳֻȫ֡
Ұ˷ɱδǱ΢Ƶ˿нæʩչɱﵣ˷
˷һסΧռ䣬΢֮ȻܵƣҰ˷в󷨣ʩչǿ
΢Ȼ֪˷꣬ȫһλҲܷӳ˳ϵ˻ĵеصǶףʩչģ֮쾳˷֮¡
ֲǣһУʱ䲻ʱ䳤ҲᱻĥҲһ


һǧʮ ֶξ
˷ȻǿᣬҪʱڶס΢ȴҲУ΢ֶοԴӰ˷֮ʦƾտ֮
ܹ˷һ͵һƬһƬУԷԲϵø󷨣һ£ֵƾնһһĸΧ΢ӦӲϾ¶ˣ΢Ӧ硣һа˷βסԷĪҪԼĵƣ
ǱҲľѣ΢̫ǿˣаɰܵĲԩҪ˵ͶԸ΢ҲܣûôԼɱﵣţһԼɱﵣ΢Ҳɡ
ʱһ󸣬ҲͶһĿ⣬ףˣҪӮ͵óȫ
֮ձý΢ɱ󻼡
һѣ˭֪΢ıжֲǽƴҲý΢ɱ
ͼһȻͻȻǣͷֱӳ൱ĳ̶ȣɣͬϵɵӡȻһ
һԻûΣ˵ߣʮҲܻûʣ˿岢ǻûҲγɵķ塣
΢оŶɵļ䣬Ȼʶ㲩һ۾ϳõģȫһżΪԵ񹦣塱ǵȫɾһʩչǿ£򷨲֣ˮ׵磬ҲöͿͽɱһ
Ҳǿɱ塣
΢ɫҲЩ࣬ȻûоŸ壬Ŷʩչ֮˵ɵʱ򣬾ͬһͷͻȺһ㣬˸֮ɱҲЧǴΣȻǱԷɱ˸߽߳Ϊ弫ԾȫУɵģ֮١
û뵽ȻʣȻǽˡ
΢˿ٿ̷һЩ⡣
ĸ͵Ŷĸ廹һЩ࣬ϾУλҪСѹ󣬶ԷͿӲɽ
΢϶ȻɣֻСɣǴ֮
һ̣Ѿ˲乥Ҳκͱֻһȭʮ㡣
΢Ҳ־Ӷ񽣶Թȥƾ֮ܿԷһȭڶԷնһۼ
һۼֻǳǳһȻԷƤûն
΢˲ҵģ᲻ɴݣ򷨲֣ǿ壬Ҳ˲ҡɿЦ̤գ񷣬һȭ
һȭƣǧɾ룬΢£콣ӰԷȭոһڶԷնһۼ΢׶Էĸ壬ȷֻ޵С֮
Ǵ֮΢Ƕ˷ͫӳַΪӦԣȴǲҪ΢ҪӲӲ񽣣б޼᲻ͨҪԼǶԷ̡
Ƭ֮΢۽ƣۣѵԶԶȥ΢֮ʣɢ޴Ĺҫ
Ҳ΢ҪôУԳиȴǻȻ壬ҲΪȫһмģոʱһ˶ս쾳ɣԷֳǿΧһƤ֮⣬һյؼʳޣ֮ҧӲҧϣë˲
˿塣
΢ֲҪ㣬һȭԡһ죬һȭͬ׾죬춯ء
Ӧøʩչǿһ
΢β㲻ܣһ̳罣磬޼᲻ݣһ촫׹ӿ򣬲ϼ죬ٿһٿշɳݺݵˤһɽ֮ϣ֮ǰɡ
˿ѪСһ˿̾Ȼơ
ٿ΢ɰȻƶˣӽµɣȻոһǿײ΢ʤա
壬վǱȲ΢񽣼ӳֱ֮ҲΪΪ쾳磬Ƕ쾳Ҳδѹɡ
һ̣΢󸣬ǶвԱУ֮ǰ˷ɱһȣֻͬʩ޼ųˣһ죬ɱңν񼫣Խգ㡣
˵꣬΢̧һ˦񽣾ͼ£ɸüһңͱ񽣴̴ؿڣɽ֮ϡ


һǧʮ ɱ
һ˷̳֮΢һץ㽫˷£ֱĨһ
˷΢Ҫض
ʱ΢Ťͷ֮ǰڵɸֻ֣ʣһˣ˿̣յðһ޴ùɢɱ⣬΢Ҳüͷһ壬ʣùв֮ǰĸ塣
һ΢ȷ־ȻûнɱҲΪֹˣùδȫɣҲԺͺ쾳һϳ̣쾳ΪǷҲвһգұҪɱӳ
˵Цһһ䣬ξȻȥ˲䣬ùΧһһɽ磬˲ͽɳ֡
֮£ػ谵ƣȻ˲һ硣
޾ã֪ٹС
΢ɫٱ䡣
ùͰ˷ͬ˷ȻҲǽҲֻɱУ޷ıĶùȻǿԳһ磬ԭɳڱɹ֮أȻǱȰ˷Ҫ߼Ķ
˵ùе󷨣Ȱ˷Ҫöࡣ
˷Ѿùʲôȼ
ֻߣѾ֮ϣ֮
ΪӰɳڣǻɳڵķ˻Сɳˣֲ֮¡
˵ЩˣСɳڶ˴˿̶ɫ԰ףһĻŵĹǺ˵ǿԿԶúУǿĹðһȻһ峤ǧɵľ޴
аɣ΢һǾ޴ʶĸоܿϳԷݡ
аɣҽɻ飬統УǲģҲ·һˣΪߣԼֵ󣬵ˣɳڰ飬ֻȿˣ֪ﴫȻԷǽ֪ںδ޼Ѱ
Сɳһһƺһ־ˣڣҴ˴ֹĶ֣Ƭ֮ͻᱻɱҲԾǡ
ûҲǵ˵ͷŤͷ˿֮ǰ΢ɣܻڣܼƬ̣ķ˰ǡ
ɶҡͷһƬɫɳòƬʱ䣬ͻᱻɱһʣҿӣֻҪе飬ữɶ飬ӳֹ
ɱ飬̶ֳȣ
ȻΪͨ죬Ӧ
ǳ׼㣬ʱǲУҲӶ֮֮ڲ֮أ˵Ǳ޳ܡҲ̲ס
Ҳ֪㱰޳ܣҲûӣΨһϣ΢ϣҪ˵˭ܻƵ磬Ҳֻ΢ˡ
˿΢ɰƶˣһΪܽסΪڰҾûӣ
ҺΣ̻ӦȻΪ⡣
΢һЦֳ²Ʒȭ֣Ȼ߶䣬ſ˶ͷ˷ͫһ̣΢ƽڽڱǡ
Σɱ㣡
һ̣΢̤գͬʵһ㣬񹭣һȭ
˷ͫӳ֮£һȭЯ⣬޼᲻֮Ʒ䣬ۣһȭ
֪֮ˣΪƿڿЦһ̣Ȼֹ
Ϊһ̣Ҳ֪΢ʲôȻǽù˲ŲƵ΢Ľǰպñһȭš
Ȼһ뱬ù΢һȭ飬ȫ֮չ羡飬ը˲ǧƬͬһһ㡣
֪ԩӱùϷɳ죬ǻȸԾӴ˿ຣ
һ飬ΧĹ˲߽⣬֣ԿԶ֮һɵһ㿴ɢĹƬ
ʱӹӳԹƣУаɵꡣ
˿΢һָХһ̣ЩԹ˶£
Ϊȫù棬һƣѾȫûл֮˿һ֣æ΢㲻ɱңɱңǻʲŹ㣬ǹǻơ
û˵꣬ͱ壬ɲԼԵһ˿Ѫⶼûʣ£˵꣬ڵһʱͱ˺顣ЩɱԹ˵Ƕ֮ǣʱܱᶼûл˵Ļ㱻˼˺顣


һǧʮ ߽
ǻʣ΢ͷһ֣ǱѰһļ仹ǾŶɵļ䣬ûκινǻʵֻƬ
΢ҡҡͷ֪ˣҲˣɻ꣬ٲֺҪ֪̽Ҳˡ
Ȼô˵΢ûʲôҲ˵׼֪ʱ׫ƭԼġ
Ҿôһλǻʴڣ΢
΢ֻѰؾŶеĶΪѾͻƵ쾳磬ӲɣѰĵؾŶԽ࣬΢ΪԽǻͻͽʲôǻʣ΢һ㶼塣
ɱ΢̧ͷһɨڶ˵˺ɣ˿̶Ǿһޱȡ
ˣҰ̫ܵ죬쵽ǸʲôӦ
˿Щ˵Ҳ쾳֣˿̣û˸΢ɨ֮֮ӣĿɨȥһǵͷ
΢޵֮£ߡ
˭֪λֻ᲻Ϊˣһնɱ˲ӵǧ֮⣬ΣܿùλӲɵ
е˵˸Ǽʹ棬һǳ΢ݣʾ
˵ʵǵȷûطܣԭܼ򵥣ΨһĴ֮ǰطסǾӣҲӲ򣬻粻ӡ
˹ݳͬԴȾһ㣬ûһЩѾȫ򵹡
ãҲ˵ͱ΢Щ˵˻ôԳ˵
ڿڣ˭Ҳ
ǵͷ絷⡣
˿̴ս΢һȭ飬ɳɻෲҲûܵʲôˣܵһЩŶѡ
΢£Сɳһǹӭӣж͸żȵĳݺ;η
̫ǿˡ
иţܼ֤˳棬޺
ģַᣬʱ֪Լһôʦһ˼սɣӮˣһɱˣм
΢˵˵ͷԸ˼䣬Ȼɵ
ɱ΢ȻǺԥ΢΢ʲôͻʲô
˿ɾ޴΢󣬵һЩӡ
΢Ƿһɽۣ˿ʬ壬ǴУҲֵþ壬΢ˡ
΢ֵһƬʯӣ溬˲
΢һûҲ΢飬ûҪɱ˼ȫڵУ⺬Ҳû̫ж֮£ң΢ҪΪԼ
˿̺һ㼫Ϊصɰӣ΢붦Ƴ̺Ԫ֮ɰӡ
Щɰÿһشǧˮ֮ȻƳ٣ʵ΢ûӣ˿̵䣬ӳЩɰӣ˵ĺѹƵ
΢̧һӣЩɰ̷𣬻۳һ޴һɶߵɳ«ɳ«ɣöԷš
Ȼ֮ǰãսֹ̺Ľȴ֪˿̼΢Ҳ¶η塣
Ȼ˿̵΢ȫУҲֻȫɵۻ֮ƥˣˣѾ΢Ķ֡
ǾŶɵת
ɴ˿һ˿⣬֪ˣȻһǰɱ΢߾ҲӦǽδػ㡣
ɣȫ֮һˣ飬ұӦƱУŮ֮Ҳɱ㣬ˣ˷Ҫûɱңɱ쾭壬ȫ뱨΢Уһ仰ֻҪ΢ڣһԶǴһȰ֮Уһ⣬֮ڣѾǴ˵Ƕɽ˳һ꣬ȫҲһòˡ
΢ⷬ˵İȻвҲҷ΢˵˵úݣҲҷʣֻǵͷŶĻҶȻһֲת𣬿δˡ
˵꣬ɾҪߣ΢ȴǽ¡
ôŶıˣĪǣҪɱңл֣̿ϻǱ򶨡
΢һЦҼȻ˵˲Ϊ㣬㲻ʳԣҽҪǵãǾŶ΢һ΢ѷǾŶȥɡ
˵꣬΢ӻ֣ٲκͣһ΢æŲƶȥ
΢ûȥôվԭأĿһսĵᣬ覴ãȻ俪һȭ΢Ҳȫ֣Ϊ߶˷ͫҲǷľҲҪָģ΢Ϊ߶˷ͫı׶ҲļͬһΣʮϢ΢ָ˹


һǧʮ زر
΢ϢʱɾֳһԣΪôһ쾳ԣ΢ŻֱѡϢָʵϾûԻҲûκ˵ҿ΢ǧ֮ڡ
ͬʣµĸ֣˿̵΢ԭأ
Ǹո΢ơ
΢ָƺסѻеӵˣһȥչ˵ı⡣
Ӫ꣬ѹǼҵ׷΢֮ǰչһö䣬ǽѶͨתʱ䣬ָƷ£΢еļҵףҪһ¡⣬СɳҲҪʯչ׳󣬶±粻ԼɱҲȻ߽⣬ʱ˻ˮ㣬΢ɲЩ˽ȵǡ
֮ǰλǰĸ֣˸߲㣬Ȼ֪˱ڣǴСɳڶǰȥչΡ
ʱǱ߹ڵϵɵУһ˴˿̳΢ˣ֪һزر⣬صĶʮ˵ͨ⣬ɶ֪Ը΢ǰȥ
΢һۿȥ˵ΪҪʤһӦ˵Ķˡ
Ȼǽͷ͵ģҺܴðջᣬǱյ뷨ֺԼ
ֻˣþУԲܹãΪֵΡ
΢һæ¶֮ɫ
΢һۣһźɫˣڷ룬źڣ˿һ֮ɫ˱ҽܡ
΢ˣˣΪλڶ΢ԸͶˣΪ˹˵
΢Ȼ֪˴ʲô⣬Էǲǳģ΢һ۱֪Ͼ΢۾ǱʶԷ˵ѡ
ͷϵ˸ƮŻĻ
΢ȴǲ¶ֺֻʵһزر⣿
ǣ£¾ʮֿ϶˵
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ڣ
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΢ޱ飬ûĻ죬ȻСˣױҲֻΪȡԼҪΪͶʱ
Ҳ˵ȷôһزر⡣
һı⣬΢ȥֻҪñȥչαɣĵ˵ǸزرⲻĴڣĶҲ϶򵥡
ߣȥ΢˺ģҲΪȷкܶܣùȷһԼ˵ĸΪһƷ˷ͫδκζԷ
ͳǹ˵ܵģжԷʱ˵ġǻʡʲôڣΪȻѰ
˵زر⵱У
֮΢㲻ԥתˣһе˺ɣǼţҲ˭Ǹߣұɱ֮
һвŵľȻǵͷ絷⣬˭Ҳ˵֣ûطӣʣ»м쾳֪΢Υ֮ǰˣǱвȣѾϰߵūţһҪö΢ȻҲΥ
ЩˣСɳɶСɳһҷȴѹңֻǿߡ
֮΢ʩչ֮˸Է˵زر⡣
֮˲Ϣκһ΢˲ϢִƬ֮΢˱㵽һ޴֮ϡ
ˣ˴ɽӶʮŰ룬زرڴ˴ɽСʱ˵ͬʱָһȥǾ޴ͷĻɽ
ɽ֮󣬼ֱ̾Ϊֹ΢ĿɨȥҲӦиֽŵģκϢһһء
ⱦȴǱռݣ΢һ̤һ̣Ѿǵ·ʱǰ·Ƭʱ䣬΢һ޴ޱȵɽ֮ǰɽڿȥһѿֱһ㣬⻬Ƶ漣
ˣھǱߣʱһָɽµУȻɽ֮޽һŹֵӦֱɽϿ佨ġ
ȵ΢ɵŷ֣ⲻ޽ģӦٴϣá


һǧʮ Ϲż
΢۹εȶѶ֮󣬶ʱĸӦΪУͬŹˣֻܴ¿Ǿ˶꣬΢ȴǿԼΪȷĸӦжϡ
ʣʱŶɶδء
ǺεƳʱ䣬Ȼܾôõʱ仹ܱѾǷǳף֮أܾ걣ѵá
ЩԱߵ˾Ϳֻ֪һ֪ѡ˴Ϊر֮ضѡ
ˣ˵꣬ȴ΢ûֻ̧ͷںʯϵıڻ֣ˡ
˱ΣʱҲ֪˵ʲôֻվһԣһ˿ŭ
ĳֻڶԷΪƣͬԸ⵱ҡβһһǶҲʵĳֻǽöԷƴԼĿġ
Сɣһϵ֮һķ֧ȴں׵Ķ棬һ֡ѻ˵ԵԾӣĶа鷨ΪķʽҲͳɵʿͬħӶҪΪ϶Ҫ캦Ķ£ҲͱһǿĿɽںš
֮ǰѡڣվ΢һ̴֮¡
΢ο˵ҪʰԷҲһʱ˿΢ϸоǰͬʱһȥ۵ͨ
Ҳ΢Ѿ˵ؾŶеĶΪ쾳һ˷ͫӳַ֮ǰ΢ƴҲùȥ۲鿴˵һۿȥΪͷͱˡ
˿̣΢˫Ŀ⣬йתͫҲԾ˵ٶתƬ֮΢üͷһ壬ӳַֹһ΢ͷȻðˮһ̣˷ͫſ
һ˲䣬΢ˡ
΢üĵ˷ͫԱӹĸˣҪ֪˷֮ͫǿֵܵġ
˷ͫӳ֣΢ùȥۣ鿴ĵϸ
ˣҲΪ̫Զ΢Ҳֻùȥۿһ֧ƬΣ֧̾ƬΣҲ΢㵲ѡ
Ϊ΢Щ֧ƬΣѾΪ𾪣ҲֻܵΪֹ˷ͫӳ֣΢Ҳֻܿôһ㣬ǿùȥۣܷɣʱѹƲס˷ͫ΢ӿɾʹˡ
Щ浱УȻһΪʢȻ΢֪ĵҡҲͬϹ׵ŷ
΢һֱΪϾ֮ʱնǻδѹɣ಻ԣ֮洫£ŵ֮С֧ĵ;ʢɵΪվˣʢꡣ
΢ǵŶҲôΪģϾŶɳʱѾ֮ס
ɾŶҲӵйȥͨû˷ͫӳ֣ȥ΢ȴԣԴ˿΢֪飬ǾŶɶ֪ء
ڻһĻ棬ߴޱȣȴȮףޱȣһ޴Ĺľ˹ݡ
΢Ӧ˹żôһĹ
Ϊλѡ˴֮أ
֮΢ʲôû˵ֱǰ·߼æ΢֮ڣ߹һһ˸޴ʯ֮󣬱㿴һȼӳʯš
ˣʯµĽƣԼǵÿţΪ˿˻û˵꣬΢ˣҿ
΢ֳƷһȭֱΪֱӺ俪ʯϵĽƣĿɿڴһ˲䣬һ˿ԥֱһ˿档
ΪͷЩ鲻ᱻ΢ⲻ֪΢綢һһЩ仯ҲǾ۵ס
ʯţ˱⡣
һ޴ޱȵĿռ䣬һ޴ɽ΢ǰϸһɽ𣬸ʯʯɽ
Կȥ˴ʯ֮࣬ѾǧƣȥʶĿҲǷƷٶƷϵʯƷͼƷĸơ
ʣЩʯ޼֮óȥһȫȶҲᶯġ
ıȴɽһʯ⼸
һһǧɵǡ
Ϊǣ
ǶһǴﵽƷȻоǶγɵ⵱ԣۼֵһǣֵһɽһʯˡ


һǧʮһ ʶƼ
ʯǣĸõĶҲǶѳɽ䣬Ӷ˶ٺö
ľ顢ʯмѰҵĲ϶в١ǰȻѷٸСһĵ΢ʶһɨ֪ЩȫǶɵпΪģлָģ޸ģвٹеĵҩԶѾ˲ٵ顣
ʱ΢֪϶Ѱ쾳֣Էпɽص̣򲻿ռ˶ĵҩ
Ҫ֪ɵ飬ٵԣ֮طǧϣҲֻܵЩǣҪһٶǰϡ
ȻרҩţҲԿٽ飬ȻǱȲȻĵҩЧøߡ
Ȼǰڴˣѻ˴ʯⱦ֮ŪŨԴ˴߻ҩ飬ȻԽЩҩһ̷Ϊ
֮⣬΢һ̹һ˶ߣûκҶӣֻ֦ɣһɺͬһ㣬֮Źֵǣɭɭ˲ϣȴǽöɫ
öɫȻǳգͽǵĸȻͬ
ãǴ֮
΢ҲͫһڹеļʶͳɾѾǺ͹ĸ޼ϸ˵ȥĸ󼧣΢ǵһˣǹȫ֪
΢ϵ
ᵽĸյһ֮ڵϾ֮ǰս翪ٵʱ֮飬ʮ飬ǣȻżϾϾΪӡʱǼĸ֮ϣĸΪΪȴ໥ںϣһ壬ǵһ벻ҽȻܼĸ΢΢ֿԶⱦ⾡ͷһţһȴɭɭ׹ɵĹš
ȻŽգźƺʲôֲĶһͻȻ
ʱ΢̧һ㣬һ䷨˲ϢԶ͵͵ӳһ׼ҡֱס
㡭˱ΪԼж֪˿Ǵһһ㵡
ڽⱦ֮󣬱ǳ΢ע౦˲䣬վԶ׼͵͵ȡһҡ
֪΢Ͱעһһոȡ׼ҡ˲䣬΢䷨Էס
߿Ҳ쾳磬˿̾Ȼһʱ֮Ѳ΢䷨һ̣΢ѾŲƹֽеĹȡߡ
Ǻ΢壬ȻҲһԶϹ֮ǷҲǲµĹǻɫ΢⣬Ҳˡ
ɫ࣬ŷ΢̧һָһöֱָӻһɰ˫˫סˣһ΢Ҳٳһס
ǶԷһ춯˲ͻᱻɱ
ǰ΢ûֶΣ쾳ɣ൱Ŷɵɷ΢Ѿʩչ˵ڵ΢Ѿǽȡ
һΣǺ΢ʵȻûɱ˶ȴͬһ
˵˵ǹǻ壬һŵġ˵仰һҰ֮ɫƺûĵһ㣬ұ㲻Ŵ򿪡
΢Цˣʣ֮к
ǻʣȻԥһ£˻ʵ󲻸İʵ֪ҼƻѾֵ㹻
΢εܼ򵥣ˣ˵һֻ֣һһֶ㡣
΢仰˲һ֣׻ҡҡ׹ð죬ʧһĲЦһ㾿οģԼ֪֮һһġ
кѣûбҪ㡣΢ʱҲթȻһ˷ʵϣ˴һʼķһʼԷͶ˵֪һرʱ΢ģԸôõڶ֪ڣⱦ⵱оȻҪĶԼԲõڶ֪λá
һ΢·ϣùȥ̽ˣŷֶߡʵϣûйȥͨ΢Ҳ˾ķԷαװ̫ˡ


һǧʮ С
ʣµģ˵΢ܲ³
˽Լ͵͵ҡǻ壬ѹ֮аԸԼˣ˵΢ȻԲڹؼʱסˣǹǻ
΢֪飬Ϲż˺ٶǰзֵģżУ˯ǻʡ
Ҳ֪ǻʵԷҲֻԳƣʱ˺һǻʵĶ֣ǻƺɱˣֻԼ¡
£౾ºͨǣΪˣǲžڴ˴ˣǷ
ô˿ǻȦռأʵΪڸϹżñĸ̽鵽˳֮󣬴˴ͱΪ֮һ˭ҿɱ⡣
΢֪ǻʴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڳ˯ֻйǻܽ份ѣԷ֮ͨǿ֮ߣ޵һĴڣΪˣ˲ŵôһϷ΢ǰǻʵ΢ɱȴû뵽ƻʵʩؼʱ̣΢ʶֹ
˿Ѿһе˿һ־壬ĵ΢ʲô˵ˣһ˴б㣬Ȱ㾡ȥǻɡ
΢ɨһۣȻʩչһָԷɱ
ȻҲû뵽΢Ȼ˵ĹϾȻĻûü˵
Ļ̥ˣ΢ȻǲΪ㵽ڣԷԾڵȴᷴ΢Ҳܱ֤Էû֣磬һǹǻ岢ֻһ
֮˾ûġ
ɱˣӴԺ˻ٲ䡣
΢ʩչһǻ嶳סһΪ΢ھ뿪ⱦ⣬˴౦˵ЩʯǺ͵ҩ͵һĸֵ΢¡
΢ǰŶĸ󼧣۵꣬ʱ˽Եͨ໥ȴǻһżΪͨ
ɵģ˭֪ҪԣǿǴΪޣֻûжɵ֮ǿ塣ҲǴѪӶͻƣֻǿᣬһý飬ɵһ·ҲǶϵĴ
˴ͳɵͨͬ΢ý併ɣһĳɾͿ˵һɣ࣬ԶǿᣬȴܱаɻҪΪԵʡ
ɵҲ幦壬ɽ壬һ
΢͹ĸɡʱһǴͨľŶɣһǹϵĹ棬ĸ󼧣ۣȻǼΪ£ȻǺϴһ幦
塣
ϾɵԵֻཻ֪⣬ڰδͬʱ֣ɵڼǰף׼ǺڣڰһһȻһȻϣԵϾ˵û
΢ǹɵһֹ۵㣬ҲΪɵʵ϶һ
ԾԹɵ壬˴δֻǴ幦ѣûдڸκˣҲ˵ϻû޳ɡ
˿΢˶ԴֿǴ˵еĸ΢֪һᣬһŶɺ͹ĸǵĻᡣ
ؼһĸΪĹؼΪŹ֣ߣܴǬУ΢Ҫ壬ֻ
˵ĸǷ֮ǰʹˣӦǻУҼȻ֣ûвõĵɵģǻǺǻĸҶҪȡãҵĵ΢ѾͷͨȻκΡ
˲Ϣڳ󷨣͵һʼ
壬ΪСʹ壬΢ֻܴС忪ʼ֮ںϣֱ˴ˣɵҲһԺ΢ϣҲʩչ֮ͨͬ
ҼȻǵ壬΢Ҳһֲ˼ĳ̶ȣǼһ㣬һƿ˲Ϣ޸֮ô࣬ʵҲһֹ
΢ҲͷһҲСĽ˿̧һУöʯ䵽΢У΢ɣϣͷ
壬ҪҪմʯʹҩ˴ֵҩӦоУ΢ȻǺȡá


һǧʮ 
ÿһʱ䣬΢ҪʯͬʱӦ̲ɵſʼָһ
ֻǵһֳط໥ںϣȻأش塣
ڻֻСС֣һصʱ򣬲ŻĴʯҲȥҲÿˣţҲȻ̣ĵҩҪ϶Ϊһɷγɵ͵ĸóԣ΢һڶ֮
֮ʯѾ߰˳ɣԭȻһɽһ㣬˿ֻʣһСѣҲ΢أ˿΢˺嶼뵽صУ൤ҩҲ΢߰˰ˣֻʣĸ
ˣǹȥ졣
һص֮Һ˿Ҳ΢һգص׵гһ룬йɵĲ
ʱСѾǵؼʱ뵱һĹ⣬˲γһڿеĶ¯¯󿪣ֱӽԶĸ붦¯ɺ͹ʵ
ڶ֮壡һ𣬶¯ӿ֣ĸ󻨷һʱ䣬һҺ塣
һҺ建䣬֮ϣһ˲䣬ĲȻֹۿɼٶȸ࣬󻯳һֻҽʣͬʱһɳðγһۿɼ⣬͸ɽ壬ֱʣʣֱա
һðɽ忪ʼ飬ԶĺӿɽֵУ޷ͬ˲䱻˾һ㣬񱼵Ŀ񱼣ӵķӣ𶯣աУԾˮ棬ˮһ㡣
һЩǵԼɽٳɵҲһݡ
ֹУม֮ϣɳСɳˣյʰ쵣һʱũͣͣ롣Զ֮֮⣬̫ڣ鶴д˿̷ɳһ⣬ɹŽ̤գſѰӣҲǿķءУȫڣȫɵۣҲüͷһ壬Ӧ
ݣѾһ֮࣬ȴ֮µĴ֮ʱҲӦ̧ͷ죬¶ݡ
ηˣȻܽգ˵ʵϣ־֮£Ҳֻк쾳һܸӦһЩ쾳ɣ޲
һȻҲ֪ʱĸɺÿǶŵ̨פһȻ˭֪ڵ˭
ʱĸһգк棬ǰѯʡ
֣кη֣
ҡͷ˵ս˱
ղһÿ죬ȥҲ죬ֻܸӦһ˿ȴ֪Ժη֪Ǻ˷
˲˽ʲô˼ĸȴһЦԭҲ֪Ǻ¡
һ⻰ĻҲҭ˻´˿ҲǷӦ¶һ˿΢Ц
Դһǰ΢ǰȥѰҵؾŶµҲ·΢һ뿪ˣУǸ߸ϵټŮۣһ֮ɵֻֻۡһڵȴҵСŮӶѡ
ʵϣһСŮӣ˫ʥԺУ˼ʫ˫ѾʫʥˣҪһЩ´󲿷ʱ仹ôһɳüװǿ˫Ҫ˼
΢չģ΢Ĳ¡
սײ޾ֻޣЩÿһ쾳һΪ˿̣ȫնڽ¡
˴սأ쾳ҲԲ̤㣬ڴ˵ﶼսΪֲĴڣһȥܽꡣ
й򣬵޾ޣ޷뿪˴ֻУҪôֱҪôΪǲ뿪
ֳһͨ£һץЩڵץȡȻȥ
˷ΪҲΪԴϴ΢ͤһ𣬱֪ŶɹˣھŶɣû˱˵
УֻˣһȻǵϾɵ֮棬˭˲η
ڶȫɵۣȫɵֵܣ֪֮
һǾŶɡ
Ŷɶ˵ʦУͤʱ֮ͬӺ֮һǼɵҲǾη֮⣬һ뷨뷨˶֪Ǿʤ֮ġ


һǧʮ ǻʡ˹
ϾᣬȫɵۣѾĶ֣Ҫ;ŶɶһΣҪӮյİʦ
֪΢ȥѰؾŶҲûйֹҪӮŶɣӮһȫɾʹһ
⻰Ȼܺκ˵Ϊ¶ǲֶΣ˵һȫڲҲǹˣԾ˵ȥҪĹƽҲţԻ粻˵
һִ˵˭
ִȱ˸ӹִ
ؾŶ֮ǿ˭ƫƫţҪӮؾŶҪӮ΢Ŷɵת޾
Ϊ֪޾һϹŷ
֪µֻȫɵۣҲֻǼ¼ȫһΪصĵ䵱У˵ϹŷȻΪ֪ؾŶҪһķܵõǺ;ŶɹƽҲа˳ʤ㡣
ʱϼⲨ˴ѰɲΪ֮ߣѾֱ׷Ŷɣβɫһ䣬̧ͷ졣
ֻǲˮƻֻһ˲ţԼ̽飬޴ӲԴһ㵣Ҳ䷨ֻǰԼļƻ޾
Ϊ֮ߣȫڵһˣ޾󴦴ΣԲͿУȴд⣬Ҳʱʱ裬˴ＫΪʱص̽ģҲп
ʱ㵽һ˼֮أ˵̤ĵطǰһӣж档
һ壬еͲͬˣҲ̸ʴ壬˼ꡣ
Ƿڴ˴ˡһӣʱ֮ǿԷɳʯǲ㣬Ƭ֮䣬ͽӵճ¶ݡ
ֻһǧɵӣͣ޺ǣ飬ơ޺ǣ˵ģ껹ܴڣȻǽһǶ쾳ǵĹѾ񻯣Բܱ񣬻Ѱ˵Ĺͷͷɻˡ
ʶ㣬˿Ҳ΢΢üĺ̫࣬Ҳ֪˶ãôġ
ϸȻһԲʮɵĿյأϣһȡ
ҵˣЦˣǹȱҪҵĶϹŷ䲻֪ʲôͨôԶѾоǿϢ
ЩǣǱɱģȻ֪ⷨģ𲢲¡
Ϊȫһ֣Ĵһ֡
νһ̤롣
޾УǶ޴˿̶ӵĶڸԵĳѨУȻǵĶǶ쾳磬кܶ쾳磬˿̣ȴûһҪ˼
Ϊɱһʱ䣬һֱ죬ڷֳʤ
֮ڣ˿ѾһƬǽ壬ӵ֮ǰ࣬ǣѾķ飬ԭڵϵĹȣ˿ѾС
֮ԻһдҪһ˲һǲдֱ顣
һ̣ȲƺѾǳ
ʱɫЩ԰ףȣϵһ죬ҲǾȣƾΪԷɱԼҲһˣϹŷ֣и˷ܣһ˲ŲƳȥ
𽫹ǲдһ˿˲䣬Զ֮΢ڵǸ⵱У֮˷һΪͬʱӷŭĽ

΢޳СѾˡ
Ǳ⵱ʣĶһ㲻ʣȫչһգ뿪⣬ػɳڣСɳ
αҲ˳µıСɳӹܡ
Щԭ˵ˣ˿ҲСɳ´ĪҲӣ̶̼ʱ䣬СɳӰѾ졣
ڵӺŵ˵ǵԸǷضݣһĴӪʱֻܵ΢
΢֮󣬱һСԺס£ֻԺСϾ֮ǰֻǵŶɺ͹ĸ󼧵һ۹壬ûɹ΢ǵһ
Ϊһˣ΢ȻҪϸϤԼµĵ壬Ϊ壬ѾǰԺҲϣҲھűɣһУ֮ڡ


һǧʮ ǻ
ʱַֻֻһˣַ΢Ĺ׼֤ɡ
գһΪֲĽ쳹ս磬ͬǴݵɳСɳ
˱һŭĺĶᣬеֱʹȥ˻ãûзӰ췴ǱȽСһЩʿ˾ͲˣеֵסһֽķȻڷ
΢۾ʱСɳҲǱŪĵĲȣеĸǲһʹȥ΢ִ̧һ󣬽ɳڸ˲źһЩ
ʦ𣡡ַʱ֣˵΢ʾԭأһ̤Ѿǵ֮ϡ
޳С֮΢˫ĿԿԶĵط˿Ǹⷽ򣬾Ȼ׹ӣֻһۣ΢֪ǸڵĸѾǳױ׹֣ޣҲȫɱ
һ̣΢͸оʲôһһ̣һƾմ򿪣߳һ޴£ͷڵȮ׵ˡ
Ȯ׵˵ĵһۣ΢ϳˣùȥۿڻʱһЩƬΣоƵȮ׵ڡ
֮ǰǹȥƬΣڣ΢ˡ
Ȯ׵ļߣѰ˲߳ңپųߣ˫Ŀһе⣬˿͸¶Ƿŭ
Ȯ׵˵˲䣬΢͸оһѹΣ˵ǰδУȮ׵˺ܲ򵥣΢۹֮ͷһ
Ȯ׵˾ȻɵƣԲһ쾳۷壬֣Ҳ˵һǿӲ쾳Ĵڡ
΢ǿԲȮ׵˵ʵ۷״̬ƺˣǱʲôѹƣܴﵽ̶ֳȣǶԷȫʢʱָжǿ
ܿ죬ڶԷϣ΢оһ˿ϤϢ
뵽ʲô΢ѾǴδйࡣ
˾
΢˵ʣԷϢȻǺ͵붫˼Ϊ΢д˲롣
˿̣Ȯ׵˾Ȼǿڵ벻طϾȻ֪˾Ȼ֪һ㣬ȡҵĸ
£΢ȷȮ׵˭ˡ
ǻʣ΢ȷû뵽ΪǻӦǸһĶû뵽Ȼģ
֪ңô˵˵ģĶҡǻ˵
΢ûȴĥ
ǻʱΪ˵ҾͲ֪ˣĸϢ˸ܲܣƵطʮ꣬Ϊ˻ָƣȻֳĸȻĸ޷Щ֪˵ֶΣҿֱӽʱҲȡĸľΪã㣬ȥǵȡҹǻȵϡ
˵꣬ȻͻȻ֡
΢ŶԷǻһ΢Ͷˡ
ԷһץȻӰΧռ䣬ֻɲǣ΢ͷ·һʵУֻܿһ޴Ĺצץ
ͨһ쾳Ҳмܣ΢Ȼһɣһһ̤ϣɲ֮䣬Ѿǳ֮⡣
Ȼܶ㿪ǻΪ죬˫Ŀų⣬΢ֻǿһۣͷΧľɫѾǱ仯
Χǹʱݣ˷Ǹֺǣ΢֮ȻҲ뿪
⺡ǽ統УǹĿɼɽСޱ޼ʣһ΢ֱ֮ǰùķ档
ʣĺǻʩչȴǲ̫࣬ĹÿһҪǿ
ڹǽ֮⣬ǻЦֹ϶ѣ֮Ϊ䲻ȫʢʱڵһɣɱһ㡣
˵꣬һ̣һ촫Ĺǽֱ飬һӰƾճ֣һȭ
ʲôȻƿҵ򣿡ǻһţЦһͬȭȥ
ϣ䲻֪ƿ򣬵ȻӲ֮壬ǵǿҲ룬һֻһȭɽǻʿЦһȭղ飬Ŀռ䶼Щܲסбļ
΢ȴ޾ɫ˫ȭԺ䣬˳ȥɿ⣬ոնȭ֮ѾһռݣΧһС
˴ɳڼ΢״֪֣ɳ⣬˦һӣһ޴ųߣȻǽǿռŲƵ֪δ
ֱ˿̣ǻʲû֮ǰİɫͲмһء
ȻҶȭܣŲͨ㡭ĪҲˣ


һǧʮ һȭѹ
û΢شǻʱҡͷԣ㲻ˣֻĳĹ˼£ſҶȭɺޣδʵӲһɣҪɱ㲻Ѵ֮
ǻȮͷ¶˷ߺ֮ɫƺʲô£ֵҿЩ£Ҹһᣬңҽ̤˾ķţӴһԾۣɣҵҲֻϡӴˣ㽫̤һµľ磬Ԫʮٱ֮䣬ǳ£ʱҪưССս磬Ҳ練ơڣ£ңұ㲻֮ǰ㷸ĹҲһʹ
΢һ⻰Цˣǵ͵ӲĲģǻʵԼֺúŪ
˵Է˵ʮˣ΢һٸš
Էǰ޵УṶӲдʮꣿڶûлظΪ
˵΢аʤԷûУҪسҲǾ޿ܡ
Ȼһŵģһܹͨ˾΢ȻŹѵõĻᣬҲ˾ŵһ
˾ŵ΢̫ɹŽ֪ģĿǰҲֻ֪дģɹŽҲ֪
΢һ·̽Ѱ˾ܣȻҪŪôʣҪһʵʵܲ׳һЩϢ
ǻһ΢Ȼ֪˾ŵɫһ䡣
Ȼ֪˾ŵ֮ǰӴ˾ǻʵ
ǰɡ΢ȷӴ˵ŶɵӡǸˣӣ΢ҲͲմȾ֮ĵؾŶҲǽӴˡ
ǻ¶˺֮ɫ뵽һֿܣȻһɫ̧һŹֵڡ
ǻʣ֪Ϊλˣ
ȻڶпڣҶԷԼĳλ˵Ĵˣϧ΢ǣȻ޷úʵڻ
΢ǻҲɵ·Ӧŭˣң
˵ֹ꣬˹һǴ̣飬гǧ
˿̣΢Сǿչ¶ţƾ΢ȻǽЩĹǴȫ赲΢ҲǼΪԼ޳С壬ԶԿǻʡ
ʲô֣
ͬһȭͬһͬһȭ죬⣬ܡ
Ǹ֡
֮⣬ҲԵģԷף˾Ǹ֣˵ɺǸ֡
΢˵ǻȻԼƥеĸ֣С΢Ժǻƴ൱ȻҪӮһЩ򣬿΢еƣ˷֮ͫԵڻûãҪԷǻûƵĵơ
ûУ΢ʹ˷ͫһپʤ
΢㽫ǻɱòһŵģһܹͨˣ΢ȻҪúôӶԷ̽˵Ϣ
ԴǻŪӦԶ˵ķ
ǻһſ֮΢ûƵԷΪ˶̫ǿԽΣС
΢ûƿǻȴΪռƣ͹ÿһУɱ쾳һ֣Ǻ쾳ˣҲֵס΢ǻ̲֮ĶϡƽҪ˵֮ǿδùŶɵ
ҲΪ΢Ʒ񣬷ƾСֶҲδƿ
ǲϢ΢Ѿ϶ǻûʲôˣǻʹԴ󣬽˶ϣ˵˼ɣȻ˵ΪֻȫʢʱڵһɣεͬʱҲ˵˿̵ʲô㲡Ҫǡ
΢ʩչſ˷ͫ
ҪһǻʣҪԷ£öԷ¶ԡܻܲܶԷ΢ûκλɡ
Сӳ˷ͫ΢ʵԴﵽŶɶʢս߳ˣҪԸôһʵرǿǻʣӦֵ
΢ſ˷ͫ˲䣬Ȼһ䣬Ǳǻ¶˲ŵɫǿ־塣
𡭡Ȼˣˣǻǰһ뻹͵ϻһ̣ȴһֻ󣬶ҿèȻǺԥתӡ
΢û뵽ǻ˲ã϶ǲöԷߣ΢ֳȭûʲôΪ˷ͫӳСѾκε
һȭȭ˲ǻʺ֮һ죬Ȼ飬΢Լû뵽ԼûƷ񣬾ȻҲٿǻʣһڽѪ˲ήԭų߶ߣ˲ˮһ룬ֻʣߣͬйƤ򣬿΢дŨŨĿ־塣


һǧʮ 
˿̵΢ҫѾһĽʣһֵ϶ͷϵ˷ͫǰƱ˵ǻʣ˿κһ˿΢о־Ĥ֮ġ
΢ĻҪһЩǻʿ˷ͫ˲䣬Ѿʧȥ˼Ȼϵ˷ͫҿ϶ǹʲôо־Ļ䣬Բӣ΢һ壬޷֮
΢½̧һ䷨˦㽫ԷסΣΪʮһֱ΢ɰУʱ˵΢ǴСɳһ˾˹Ҫǻʵ
Ȼǻʶ˷ͫη֮ģ΢Ҳûջ˷ͫǲ߶˷ֻͫǱڵ״̬΢Լʱû⡣
ߵǰǻήҲ̧ͷһ΢̾͵ͷ
΢˽һ˵飬˵ھʲôطΣ˾ʲô
˴ӷأ
˵֮ˣɵ쾳ټϾӦÿ̤˾Թ˭һ
΢֪֪ɵ˲ûпһԼɵۣóȻ˾Եڲ֪ټŮҲһǰŶɣֺγˡ
΢Ϊ˾ֻңɼĴ˵ֻǴ˵ѣˣҲǷëǣҲǴȥġ
ϴż̫ɹŽ֪̫飬˵˾ŵ΢֪Լ֮ǰǴش
˾ʵڵģֻҪˣûҵӦķš
һز˶֪˾ķţɵˣټŮˣŶҲˣڣסõǻʾŵԴ
ôʣʲô΢ڶʱѾףѯҲ΢ҪףΪǻʻҶǻûСԷʱش𣬵󼸸ʱ΢ͻȻǻʵĲԾ
Է壬Сһ£ƺһֶƿƣٿǻʣȮǾֺ亹΢㶣ٿοˡǻھȻһӡǣ֮ǰһֱǻԼѹƣֻԼһȭУԸѹƲסӡǡ
һǻ׹⣬ǻʾǱһһ˱ֱҲĲҽУ΢˼Դסǻʵ䱻ӡ˲Ƴ΢֪ǻʵֶλǱʲô֮С
ʱǻʷֵǳ΢
˷ͫһˣңȾңԸΪҪʲôУҲܱץȥӹһΣŹң㡣
ǻʽеңǲǣ΢ˣ֪ô
ӡڶ⣬֮Ѿ΢ов΢𻰣˼
΢æʵûʲôӦѹƣҪ֪ոյ΢ǼӳƷӡǾȻҲƵ˵ֶζЧ
ڴ˿̣ǻͷ֮ϵͻȻѿһƥ˴м˺һ㣬һӡ
һ̣һ԰׵צ
΢ͫһǺԥֳ̧񽣣һն
˲ɽâ·Ҫնһ㣬նǲ԰׵צӣ֮Զ֣Ϊ΢ϵ԰֮צ
΢ùȥۿ֯˾Ǳצץߵġ
֯˺;Ŷѣ΢԰֮צ޶ԡ
΢Լһն쾳ĽҲһնɱ΢о˼ǣâǲ԰֣֮ͷ·ײʯͷһ˲ѡ
⻹ͷһΣ񽣶˵Ĵڣ΢Ҳһ㶣죬ֽһ̣â죬һΣ԰֮һ£ƺǱ΢һˡ
ǻʿ¶һ˿ϣһ̣;ˣΪѿ춴УȻһ԰ֱ֣֮ץǱߵ΢
һִ˿Ȼ£ץֻɲǾѷ쵱С
ӭצӣ΢оǰδеΣУǴ߶˷ͫӶ񽣣նٽÿһǲ԰׵ľצϣצƺһεơ
΢նһһ֮ǰֶΣ΢ǽ˷ͫϵʴ֮ӳڽϡ
һΣƿǲ԰֮צϵצϵһָն䡣
ָ֮ӿһɰɫѪҺһɷ·һĻɫӣմȾһЩ񽣱ʴһ롣


һǧʮ ӡǼ
΢Ȼ׼Ҳһ˿ɫǸоͷǣ޳С壬ʱ߶ͨһ˿ɫ֮⣬̾ͻᱻһϢʴΪ
ɫ΢˭Ϥʴ֮
˿̶ָðʴ֮ԽԽ࣬Щʴ֮·ʹԼٶȳ΢һס˵΢ɵ쾳ĸҲõʴ֮¡ʵϣЩʴ֮ǳ΢ӣգ֮ѾǧɷΧ
΢Ҳ̣˿һδ߶ͷ˷ͫ˲һӿȻ糤ˮһ㣬˲佫Щʴ֮뷨ͫУ΢£Ҳֻ˷ͫôʴ֮
գȴǲ԰֣֮ǰѿĿڣ΢Ѿ鲼Χһз紵ݶ̾ͻ֪
㾲ʮϢǺ޶Ǳ˺ѵĿ֮⣬ûκζ
΢̧һӣ㽫ǿ֮ŲƵ֮⣬Χûи춴ҲӰ޹顣
΢ѾȷǹŹֵĲ԰֮צѾ˻ȥȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬲ܿ죬΢֪ԭˡ
˿΢̧ۣһӡǡ
˵û޳С壬ǰ΢Ҳһ壬޵Ŀɵ崿Ͼˮûκ覴ã˵ӡˡ
еӡǣ嵱жʧ޳С壬΢覣ôܻӡǣ
ȻӡͻȻֵģ΢ȷǲ԰֮צ֮ǰûӡǵģеġ
ӡ˸΢ӳϵģ΢֮ǰȻ֪飬Щֲˡ΢ӡʶ̾뵽ǻϵĺҲһģһӡǡ
ˣ΢ʶһСͨ޷ӡ
΢֪һΪ߶ˣѾǳԼ֪ɷ΢ڳԣƷͽ֮ˣǲУֻһӣǾƷ񣬿ܲƷӡǡ
΢ΪǣһξȻɹˡ
΢Ѿʲôϣû뵽ˡͼƷʩչƷ䣬ǽӡǴɢһΪŹֵϢ
ƷҲֻܴɢӡǣȴ޷ӸһŹŹֵϢڿ䶯һ£»ΣҪ΢塣
΢ԸȡһɷҪһӡУո룬ǼͻȻƬ
һ΢ӡԼ˵ϢӦһ˲䣬΢֪ӡôܵԼϵˡ
ȻǸոԼ˷ͫЩʴ֮ʱӡ͵͵Լڡ
ǻʵ³΢ԾԲӡܵԼ˿鼱֮£ֻٴδ߶ſ˷ͫ˷ͫһӡ뷨֮ͫڡ
΢Ķˣ˷֮ͫӡǱ㱻˷ͫѹƣ޷΢Ҳ˿Ʒ˷ͫαȻС
ӡǸʲôõģ΢Ȼ֪Ҳܲ³϶ʲôöǻʹǱǶŪΪǻ֮ǰȻ˺Ͷܣ˭΢֪϶ӡйء
ʱ΢һΣС
صĲ԰̫֮ˣԼΪ෨ͨ³϶ǻʻҪҡ
΢ʵҲһ֪֮ǰǻʿУ΢Ѿ̽˺ܶ༫мֵϢҲ˾ŵ˲˽⡣
֮԰ֱ֮Ȼĳλ˾ֵֶͨΣȻǻҲûü˵΢һ㻹ܲ³ġ
ֱ˷ͫ΢ûȫշƣֻʱöѣȵ˷ͫ΢ûٽ˷ͫˡҲ˵΢ǿһ̺ԴʵϸͲ΢ԼΪһ죬̻ܷһ
΢Σв޵ķʸ
ĬƬ̣΢뾡ҵĵؾŶȻЩ˾ĻᶼûУǻҲΪΪֻʣһɣһɵʵȫʢʱڣ֮ƥУ
ǲ԰֣֮ΪζΪͻȻʧ΢Ҳ֪˼ȥȻӡйء΢ԭ޵쾳磬޳С壬Ǹ죬վ쾳۷壬ɣǲ
΢ҪӦԽĴ֮ҪӦˡ
˶ᣬ΢ʱػɳСɳ֮΢ʹ̣̤ѰؾŶ·̡


һǧʮ ˵Ӱ
ɽȫ
һ޴ޱȵĸҲȫĸڣȻֻǴڶǧȫķչĿãѾԺʹһһͥ⡣
֮ڣڶප쾳Ǻ棬Ǹķˣ֮ڣ֮µûʸġ
ǰĵطа˸ţȫڲλã˿ֻ̣ڣɵſš
ϣƽеţһȫɵۣһҲš
λϣȻѾָƣɫɲ԰ףΪոս󸻹Χɱ΢΢ƣնɱľһһ
ȫھɱŭ¡
ŭǣ΢Ȼҽȫ֮һնɱµǣʱΧ΢ģɣ֮⣬вͨڳȻвһ΢
΢ΪѾﵽ˺ֵز
ʵϣ΢ֻ΢ҲµģϾڳĶȫĸǧĸ֣ʲôûмʲôûмһ½ĸֻ֣ԴСƣԻ̶ȡ
΢ֻ΢ǾŶɵת
һ˵Ŷɣȫںȫɵ۴ʶŶɵֻҪһǸԲٿؾŶĴڣֻһƬ
˵΢˵¾Ŷɡ
ճɱȫ֮һȫưոݣȻ㳲֮бⲻΪɣ¹档
ɻˣǿô΢ȫɵҲüͷþò
ɵ۶ˣȫ˸ˣǵͷ˼ż̧ͷҲڿ˵ķӦ
Ȼ΢ҲǱ΢ˣҪ֪Ҳǰ֮һ΢ͷһغϾͱ΢ڵأȻǲһɥԵֱ֪ǳɰ˴򣬾ȻҲûп΢ΪжǺԼһ쾳ɣΪ׵ĽԼܣ
ΪԼǿԼֻ߽С֮Ǳ΢סˣ˵ȥ
ﶼһ£ǾھͺˣȫɵȻ𣬵ȴһеʱȫɵ۸ȫƵߡ
ɲȫɵҲ̾˿ʺɵ΢˵ʲô
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ɻû˵꣬Աһ˱㲻΢ֱ˷ȫǶʲô֮ȷʩ޼£ҲΪȫ
ûһ΢ţлأѾѿеö΢ǾŶת˵һǰֻǷˣһʱ䣬Ȼͳ쾳ҲֻеλŶɣ֮ƣȫȻ֦Ҷï˱Ŷģֻɵۺˡ˵
˼£ֻȫɵֻܶᡣ
ȫɵһ࣬Ҳԥ΢ɸܽһһܣȫڲʣҲȻ΢ĶˡѵҪԼԳ֣
Ӯ˵Ļʲô˵һˣɾͲˡ
ԼΪȫɵۣȫƵˣһˣȫɾĻᱻһѹţԷԼԲȥ
Ҫǣȫɵ۴˿̾ȻҲûġ
΢£µǾŶɣǧǰŶһȫ죬ʱ˲֪ȫɵȴԼǱŶɸסˣҲк;Ŷɶʮʮ䣬ѹǶ֡
ν˵ӰԾŶɣȫɵľ£ǿǵɵһսɣ˭֮棿ȫһѹ˼꣬ʵϣɵ۵ԭֻռĳɣŶȴռɡ
뵽ȫɵ̾˿ǵɣ䣬ȥٰ֮ɡ
Ϣܿʹˣȫͳมݵţݵ˶ݡ
ϢˣĿɿڴһȻǴһֻһŶתٴѹȫȻ󸱻նǰȥ
ݵУ֮󣬳Цһĸ֮󣬸۾Աµ֪ΪҪ֮Ӻ˰ɣ
µͷ֮ǰˣʵϣ֮ûӺʱһȫڰнϾȻֱڣһİһ֣ʱ䲻һȫʤͼ˷


һǧʮ ɢɷ
һ֮
ս磬ɽ˴Ȼعɽߣȴûз˾סһɽ֮ȴһɢɷС
սУƣЩ֮ɣռ֮أҲһЩС֮ɣ֮䣬ЩС֮ɴ󶼶˳ɢɡɢһóƺʲôɢȺȴһΪӴȺ塣ЩˣеţȱԴȱɢɲУһйгɢɷҲ
ɢɷеУаħˣûκƣȻڷеҲзеĹأôɱԣڷеУ͵عأܶɱ˭ˣ˳ʰ㣬ʰˣеɢɶȺ֮
˫ȭѵֵĵ˵ҲãԺ˻ᴥءҲ˵ûУǸղţ΢ۿһ׵˺һħ˳ͻȻ˴֣˫˫նɱ
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΢һЦͷǶأĺˡ
˾ֵ˵ͷǰ·΢ɵⷻһĴġ¥
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ϵ¥ƣǰȻʣȻ¥Ķ˶취Ŀռаɣ˵ޱȡֻطȴûһ¥Ķ࣬㣬΢Ҳʮˡ
΢Ȼ˶ʶǻʺã˳ɡ
΢֪΢ܿԷıĳаɷİ֮ɣ˰ߣһϡеİ֡
ֲÿаҲǼˣְ޵ĲǴɷ˼Ҫ͵ĻȻ˾ǵĶ㡣
ɣҲһŵģ·ûɡǰһһ˳ʵȻҲǷˣģ׺һ֪޵Ҳа
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֮΢ΪٶѾǵ쾳۷壬޷ͻƵ쾳
ؾŶ΢ѵ߸ֻʣ
һ鶦һǢ
鶦ӵ޾Ψ鶦ɽ֮ȻӿǸءǢˮƿ壬ңڶ֮ڡ
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Ȼ鶦Ǣ΢ǻң΢ָоȻĶӦ˵ؾŶڱȻԼ벻ĵطѾսС
Ȼûд̽Ϣ΢ȴ̽һ˵Ϣ
ʩ޼
ԭһֵȴǱһΣɳǰʩ޼ŷߣӴ伣
΢ûǴˣΪһĳ裬ʩ޼ɱ㲻죬лᣬ΢ȻҪʩ޼նɱ
Դ̽ʩ޼Ϣ֮΢˳ϣ֪ʩ޼ȻбҪ̽ѰһصϹ׵żɣһˡֻΪֹʩ޼¶棬΢ȻΪҲݾߣԱٰɢŻ


һǧʮһ һ쾳
΢аˣаҲƾն׫ȷˣֻаˣǲ֪֮ǰ΢ַȻβ΢ɱ˶ᱦȻǿ֪Ȼĺʣ㣬Զ
΢Ľ·ԷݣΪаɢɽ統ƺЩá
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΢Ŀֻһնɱʩ޼
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˵˵ţȻһǰ΢֣ƵȫŭԵҲ˳
ᵽһ΢Щɢһ־£ʣ΢УǸ߸ϵǴ
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쾳
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Ҳ֪λһ΢֪֪Ϣִ֪Ӧԡ
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һǧʮ ׵ż
ʬ磬ʬ֮аСҲǶһģ˵ʦǰһλаɣרעʬѾǵĴ֮ʬͭƤǣ䷨ͨΪѲǰʬɢ޽ʹá
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ȻκϻҲɣϾɢɽʲô˶УڳԺ̫˾ռˡ
Ǳʬһһ۶ԷӰˣ˵أСģһȻ鴫Ҽ˵ȷ쾳ɣҲĵطһ׵ż޴ޱȣԽ࣬չγıԽ࣬ҪȥһʵĿɲֻǣȥֻΪһЩհˣȻǻɣɲȥھͿ뿪
ʬ˵꣬ǱӰһЦȴû뿪ȻҲ׸ĵ
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ãǼȻˣʬĳŵλ˸ߵΪҲмƭЩˣôʬ˵ɣǲǣһ˾ˣӰʱҲ¶ģʵ
Ҽ˻б飬λǢͽңѾ̺ľ⣬ȳԱ㣬̸ǵĴ¡ʬ˺ܶɢɽĹأ£ȰιȻڳĶǷΪԶҲûκ⣬ľⶼ֮ĺöˣΪ洦ֻҲͣƽҲãа׳ԵģȻһĦȭơ
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΢̧ͷһۣʩ޼ȴһͷС
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Ӱãһ˼ĵط˴һ۵Ⱥۣգŵһ
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һ΢̲⸡һطϢŹ֣Ӧñ׵żڡ
ֻϧûвʩ޼


һǧʮ ûһƲ
΢ǾŶɵļ仹һľ΢һԽĻԽỵ¡
˿̵ͬһľ۵У«ȴϹڴ֮ǰҶþҧ׵ż΢ҪģĵĵȣֻҪ㹻ʩ޼ҧ
ۣһ󣬱㵽һƽԭ֮ǰ˴һƬţǰһƬ಻ĴɽƽԭУһž޴ޱȵɳ
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Ŀ⣬ɳֱǾͳʮˣ΢Ҳܲ׵ż棬ɳҲ򵥡
ʱʵһɳֱӴȥˡ
ﵱдŲмʬһЦȥԣ㣬ɳеɰǴ׵綾쾳ɵҲܲˣΪ֮
ոտȻЩţҲԣֻҪ֪ǿĽƱżصҲ类˰ˡ
ʱʳ΢ĵ⡣
Ǳһ׵ʩչһ̽ɳ׵̽飬ȷһ׵żҿӣżȻ׵ĳ̳ڣбͬΣأʬ˺ʱǰֻƾ⼸ˣܽȥҲδس
ʬһЦֱȿ޶ѿ
ҼȻĴ㣬λģһң
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Ϊ׵һձͷֳľȣſڵñӣЦ
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ʶ࣡ЫϹɭɭһЦû̶֣ǣȵ棬ɶǣҪǶɱı
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ǱʬҲ˼ҲЦ˵Ы·ߣҪѰ·һǱ֮ء
˫Ǹ̥ɳ棬ȴڴ򿪡
һԶȴֻһˣһɫɮ£ڷͫɮˡ
ɮһ˫˶Է΢֮⣬ûϵɮ˭΢ϵãΪǵöԷϢȻˣ΢ܸо
΢Цˡ
Աߵİ¡ܲ΢Цݡ
аЦʲô
΢ҡͷﻹЦΪһҲˣ΢ɱУоԿǰС
ڶԷ΢˵һͬһ㣬ԷһǴһʱһʱ΢̽һ£ֶԷΪҲԼֱС׼ף˵΢Ҫɱѡ


һǧʮ а̳һ
ͻȻôһУʬǺЫϹֶЩƣǲʶۺУ˻࿴һۣȻΪǶԷİ֡
һۣ֪Լ´ˡǺвκһ˵İ֣һ˷̴ĬһԸС
ΪƮȻһȥ֮˵ڲ״󶯸ɸꡣЫϹԳʵۺԺе
ʬ㣬ŲǺʲôͷ֮ڣԷ쾳Σ
ʬǼʶ˵ֶͨΣҲ֪˵Ǵһһ֮һûκ˵Ķ֡
˵ֻ΢Щա
ۺУ˲ϵãȴϵãǺŷȻŷ̬䲻ڣ΢ð˻Ѫ˺ŷһηѪԶԺŷ˸Ӧ֮
ǰŷҲӦ΢Դ΢޳С壬Ϊͻͽ֮󣬺ŷѾ΢󣬶΢ĶɱУŷ˿Ѿǲ΢Ĵڡ
Ұĳ̣һƬڰУǰ΢ֻܿһҵķΧŷԿɣȻ΢ԷԷͿ΢ҰѾǵʮɣȻ͵ߵ˹
΢յǣŷЩ˷ͻԼȻܱܿͻԿ϶Ҫ֣һ֣ȻԽŷɱҲпܾʩ޼
΢Ҫģһʯ
ʬǺЫϹ֣ûдǺŷ˼ߣҲǿЩɢޣֻվһԣĵȴ
ʲôѾǲöʣ϶Ҳǵżš
΢ҲǱĿȴй۲ŷ
ΪŷǰҪܶ࣬һС磬Ҳ쾳۷ˡֻϧ΢ôһͬ޵УһΣŷԼ˿֪
з籩Ϯ֮󣬸ǺڰǰǾ޴ޱȵɳһɫľ޴ޣԶŰ
ʱһ£ɳϣ˲䣬ЩɳʼһȻ¶һڡ
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˽ȥ֮󣬺ĺŷһȻͳأżС
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Ϊ׵󲿷ֶĳеа
΢̤ż˲䣬͸о̹ǽĳֹŹֵ򣬶Ҿʱ޿̣һ˫۾ڶһ
ʵϲ΢ָоҲָͬо
СĽǰһƬɳһаɢӦһ𣬴ɳ
˲䣬һɿϮͬһ޴֣һƬɳֱɨȥһ㣬ٿ˶Ǿϲޱȣɳ棬Ȼкü׵Ȼ֪꣬ɢŴ۱⡣
һһ滤ľһյ͵ơ
¾Ϊ⼸ǰᣬʬߵģҲкЫϹǱߵģ˫쾳ĸֶĬûж֡
սžĶ϶õģѾǹʶûж
΢ҲûжΪոս֮ǱߺŷȻʧȥټʬͺЫϹֹһŷֵģǴһæ²̽ҲԷһ˿һټֻ΢Ƿһ˿ײЦݡ
ŷȻԽƻթұȻĿģԽ֮طΣȻסʬˣȴס΢΢һۣͿԿŷ֮΢ûдŷҪŷʲô
˵ǺмƲԼˡһԵɢЦԱ߸˸ͣû֪֮
գ׵ֱΪɢ޻ȡʬһʣǺЫϹǱߵˡ
⿪źȻ˶¼ߣǼ룬һʯȣǰһ׵־ſվһʮʯȻżҲҪ֮ء
˵ǼӿٶȣҪǱߺЫϹѾǺ¼˰дǲˣʹǴнʬȫɵһżʲôͳͳС


һǧʮ а̳
Ϊбﱻ˽ȵǣԺЫϹֵǳǰ棬ȻЫϹҲۣʵϳǰģһڻңΣգҲԼʱͣ¡
˼ǰȻͨڣ֮ڵĶ֮㳹ʧˡ
ΪûκνƺΣգѾǴгɶѵʯкܶ׵һ޴ı⡣
˱ûбĶˣκһ˶Աƽģ϶̰̰һԱ侲
󲿷ɢ޶˫۷죬¶̰֮ɫ˲ӿŲ֮ڡ΢ɨһʬˣԷʱ򷴵Ƿٶȣǻ˼ƽϡ
һ壬еıﶼǻЩɢΪΪߣǿϧЩ΢ʬ˵ķӦ΢֪Է϶֪壬Ҳ˵һʼͣһȦף壬ʬֻǴס
Ļ᲻ʩ޼
ڣʩ޼û΢֪ûȻˣһϷܲܽʩ޼
΢ЩֻǷڵʯ֮䣬һ̣΢ҲǺһͬ塣ԶԸǻȴסЫϹֵ˾ǲǻ΢
ʬˡɺͷ˵˿˶ȥ֮˳ȥ
˽ˡ˵һ׺ݣЦ⡣
ȱ⣬Ҫǰ˸ˣƾնʮ֪᲻ỵ¡Ǿ֮ˣ˿̵⡣
޷֮ǰ͸©һЩϢ˴׵а̳ȥģᱻɼƷаѪ̳ԣƷȻǶƣҲ翴ЫӲ˳ˣҲԼڣȥˡʬ˵꣬̾˳ʬȡһɫ׭߶֮󣬷׭һֻֽףڶڿתһȦǷһʬ˻࿴һۣæϡ
ȥƬ̣һ紵ͬӰһֳ֮ǰĪʧٵĺۺУα֮ЦǿһʬȥķЦʩ޼ʩ޼㹼ĺ⣬εҪ㻹ܶ㵽ʲôط
ֿһа̳Ĵüдһ˿ɻоǸаЩŹ֣˵ŹʲôطǷŷ֮һӵǻ۴ͨҲܲ
ôһ˿Ź֣ǿĺŷʲôɵҲֻĿһ۶ѡ
ŷ֪а̳пһɱ׵żµĵط֮ڵļ̳
ж£ŷԼԸбɿ
νϹ׵ǾԶ֮ǰһЩ֮ˣȴ˷Ϊ񣬼ֱЦǺŲģЩαȴֲϮܻʮܹ꣬ꣿŷдűģһּΪαҲҪǿ̫࣬ŷ֪Ǽ̳֮ڲдֻһαһ˿л꣬Ҳв
ΪĿʩ޼ҲΪŷŻ
ʩ޼һֻʩ޼һỵ̂һΣֻҪżĺô䵽Ϳԡ
ŷһ߳ʧ١
֮ڣԭѻɽڶ෨Ļ̤̳˲ʧ٣ϹնȻġЫϹɢޣḻ˿һ֪˵ٶȼ죬һã̺ˡ
ˡ
̤̳˲䣬Χľɫ̱仯·һطǺЫϹҲȻһ֣ôӣӲط
ЫϹֶţ͸˵ɢˣһ֣֪룬Ψһûж鵭Ȼľ΢ɡ
ͼ֮İ¡ʱҲɫ԰ףʩչΧ˼ǵ̵ľ׮ӣ̺ǿϢȻľ׮ͼ̱ĳͼڡͬͼڴͬеĿԻܻ꣬еĿԾеĸһɱС
ڷУ¡ΪֶҲˣɼˣɸоκΰȫС
аһ壬ʬƭǣһ˶ûн¡ʱ˵õģ༸ʬƭɢ޴˿ѾǴˡ
΢˶Էһۣ¡ǽϵͼ֮ǻסԼԼҲڵСͳ΢Ҳ㱣ⰲ¡һ
ʱǰͻȻ˲ҽУһŵĵһѪɫȴǰһɢ屻һӺڰĹֶǱĳһգ֮䣬ʬأȻһء


һǧʮ Ѫ
ôҲһλˣǹ֮º޵ֿ֮̾ͱץ˺飬ʬѪҺȫʳһգʬ·ĳӰ죬һƬ͸Ƭ㣬һˤ顣
ڳɢ޸֣ĶǷˣȻһʼҲֶһܿͻعһ·㾳磬ĸǴʬɽѪɱģǸʩչֻ֡
ʱʬɢ޻ǺЫһʮĬĻϣȻǶǱʬŪˣҪȥ𣬾͵ȹǰһء
ϧǲǶ֡ʱ˵΢ý˵ûǣ෴Ⱦ˶ҪӼʶ㣬Ϊˣɲ֪Լ˵
һǰսˣý併ڿֱ컯һ֮󣬾Լ֪ڵж
ΪѾкܾãûʲôֵȫˡ
ɵĻӦˣȻЫϹֵڶ࣬ǵǹֺް취ȵǹֵ˴Ӻڰ֮󣬼ǺЫϹֶоһ
һ޴İ˰ߵΪʲô˵Ϊһ·ϼ̫ĵ̣ʯ񣬶Ǻǰ˰ߵĹһģһȻϹ
ܣϹѾһûУôܻһǻһǻ񣬼ٵġЫϹԱһ˳˵˿̰γǽ֮ӿֵ棬ԷһС
ǻˣɢ޵ҲһеĻնǧɻâһУų޼᲻ݣ޷ơ
˿ֳֻ𽣣ֱԾʩչĳֽһնҪǰ˰ߵն
ٶȻҪһԷſһ磬һɸʴ֮ͷ˲佫֡
һҽƬ̣˾ͱʴһգıһѻ𽣣Ҳⸯʴ֮¸öѡ
˴ʧɫʼֻһˣλȴ˾Ķ쾳Ȼôˣ
ˣⲻǻλһֹɱⶫɱһˡЫϹִ˿ǿˣҲǰ˰ߵֻɱ¾¾ĶԷҲŹǣˣƴһһ
΢ûչֳ񲢷ı壬˵ʵ΢ԼҲû뵽Ȼٴһ˾˾ǻʻҪܶ࣬ȻˣҲǺЫϹֵܶԸģ˴˿̶뵽УУԷ򣬳гԷķʤ㡣
ҪԸߵ΢ҪҵԷڣʱһ˲ˣ˵΢Աߣȴ֮ǰһֱźЫϹֵһȹŮӡ
ȹŮģΪޣһֶǵ΢Ϊȹ̣Ӱ죬Ҳһֻа¡Ůӵò¶֮ɫںܿͻع
Ѫӣʲô¡ȻϵȹŮӣʵ
ԷûֻתһۣͻȻӯӯһݣȻСѪݼ
һ㶣ȹŮһۣϵң
ϵãѪӵİǰ·ɽһʱضɽҡСԶҵü˵ķɣ
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΢ʱɨѪһۣ֪Է⻰˵ǰ٣Ҳö˵ԷͶܵģԼûϵȻͣ󲿷ֵ飬ġ
ʱͻȻѪһĳʲôˣ
ѪӼæĸ
ãЩ飬ܴԱ߰ɣûȨ㣬ֻһΣȥ֮󣬸߸·ܻǺܽģҲ΢ѹûҪ˼Բôһ
Ѫһ㶣Ҳǵͷܶһ˵Ϊ۹Ҳߣóǰ˰ߵԲǺЫϹֵܶԸģϳɣİǰɾ쾳ˣ˭ΨһܶԸģɡ
ڵõӻˣֻรˡ
ǱߺЫϹ־ȻǱ任Σһ޴ޱȵĺڿǶЫı壬ҪԿǰ˰ߵҲƴˣȴǲƬ̣ͱһ½Ыβ£ҽвѣһַӵԶҲѾΪս֮


һǧʮ һָ㱬
ɢޣҲֻʣ¼Ķ̳ɱһĶһƬ
߰¡ѪŵĻ֪ĿֲûֵܵһС
һҪʵѪ⣬Ǵҵĵֻ̣·һ˿̾Ȼǿ˵
һ̣Ťͷζ΢ߣ¡֮ǰõͼڷǰֱһһײͬͼӾȻ̱顣
ˣ¡־֮£ֱӹڵϣֻ񣬲֪ԷĿֲ
ʱɿ΢һǰļ̴ֱ˹ȥΪߣһҴŷ֮ƣһ˲䣬쾳ƱһͬɽײȻǽǰ˰ߵɳȥӶķ飬ѪĽ
˶ɵˣŷӦɾȻһز¶ĸ֣»ŵɢ޶㵽󣬳ɿͷ
һͽ˰ߵɳȥѪҲǾϲޱȣʣȴһɫ͵⣬ΪѾɵˣȻһĪԽСԱߣǰ¡ҲŵĹڵϣʱǺЫϹֿѪҲǴһ˿ֺõ˼棬ոѪӺʹϵҲˣΪѪǲͶҽ˼һһ
ʱȻҪͽֺãֻҪܵеùǰҪţֻܵõԷıӻ
Ա˵¹򣬾ٿİ˰ٸͷҲԸ⡣
֮ǰѪӻֺúЫϹ֣˿̺ЫϹֹǰһū࣬ѪһС
ʱɨһۣ־Ȼһվŵģû¹Ҳûелͽᡣ
΢һû˿м˼Ѫӵһа˰ɣ˾˵л
ȻѪӻûи״ֻ˵֮ǰ˵а˵ţ֪ԷǾԲܺʲôģԲŻԺǳ⡣
΢ҲЩ⣬ֻúЦѪ˵⻰ʱ򣬵ûвʲô̫˼棬Ϊͽͳݣһ㣬΢ۣܿףѪӶɵĳԻҪͽᡣ
Ȼ˵İǰĽɲѡ
΢ֹ׼ǰһƽѪɣֻЦЦû˵ȴɫ࣬ҲΥ΢˼
Ǳ߰ȻɴӣȻԷ׵Ƭ̣ȱ޲ɣٴڵϵЩɢһƵǿǲ֮
ɻҪǰ΢ȴǰֵˣ㼴ʤҲֻǲʤɡ
⻰ûʲô⣬ѪӶǾǶݵɵĴ󲻾ˡͼѪӴŭòҪʲôȻҶô˵㡭ϡ
һֻû˵꣬΢Ͷˡ
ѪӵĻ΢Ȼϣеȷǲ֮΢Ӧеġ򡯡һδǻ΢֪˺ܶ˽ţ΢ˣѾǰһ֪ˡ
˾ŵֻӵĩһ࣬µֻǲлطƵ壬΢ϲֻ̳֮ڻȥͲˣʵҲȥ
ϹʱǶôǿĴڣڣҲǱȾ쾳ǿôһаˣ΢Ҫ¡
˿΢һ̤˲͵˰ǰֻͺͰֱСĿһ¶һסˣⲻ𣿵ΪֹΨһҺɱֻɣҲΪ㹻ĵаʲộ
Ѫӣû˵ղŵĻԷȥˣҲһ˼飬˲ᱻԼһ¾ȥɣ
ʲôĶУⶼ΢ûйϵ˽ǰʯָ֮ͬʱҲ˺鶴쾳Ƥצץ˹
һ̣΢һָڶԷצϣһ˶Ϊ΢ָ۶ˣϸһȴǡǡ෴۶ϵצӣ΢һָ˾ɽָһָϵһ
ԶԷ۶צֻǿʼ
˲䣬צӿʼǰڽڱʯ˲飬һָͬ׸һСʯһֱ۶΢һָ㱬ֱۣͬᴫȾһҲʼ飬֮µһ˿лҲһûӹ΢һָɽֶָָ꣬ɷ϶Ϊһڶɢн޵еİһ̣΢һָɱ
¡죬Ҳ漴ΧǸԭѾǵȻ޴档


һǧʮ ҧ
ŵǼɢӶɳˣǾٴɵҲ֪ѹͲааֶͨΣͿɣƨɢޡ
ѪҲɵ㿴ӲŵһĻͼǰˣԹ׼еãʬ˽ƭƷ϶ͼ
΢ͷ֪ͼĲʬˣЩ˻Ȿ£ͼӦʩ޼ʩ޼Ҫʲô΢ڿǰʱͿˡˣҲǵȻΪƳɵԪľ֮Ҳһ
˾϶ǵĴڣȻпܻһЩƣ취ܹУ̳Ӧþһ֡
΢оǼ̳ÿ꣬ҪƷҲһʿǲдİɣԴĲлԷͿԹӲдɼżҲǴδζƷǰҪһˣƷ
ʩ޼ʬˡ
Ҳ˵ʩ޼ȻŻæʩ޼쾳˵ʲôΪҪģ
кŷ𣬾ȻҲ͵͵΢һֱΪʩ޼ͺŷǱΪ飬ƺԼǰ򵥡
˿΢̿Ķͨ̽Ѿʩ޼ڣԭʩ޼һʼǶ׵żУֲ֮ǰôҲ̽ѰȻʩ޼䣬΢֪Լֻعˡ
΢ʱɨһҴǼɢޣ΢ΪȻһʶ
ǿ뿪ˡ
һ仰ЫϹֵɴ⣬һǿͷߣٲڴ˴ո΢һָɱϹǺεȵȻǸ岻֣ѱȻҪӡ
˶ˣֻѪ׳ŵ
΢һۣѪվ󣬵ͷһԣ΢һЦҲûж˵ѪͶɵģԼùܡ
ɨһѪӣҲû˵Ϊ΢ûб̬ҲνҸոѾ˵ֻżлѪӣȵżǾ͸߸·
ʱ΢ߵ棬һȻȡһǰ˷΢ڹȥһ굱ռؾŶʱ˷˷Ǹʤǰ΢˷˵һȥ˷Ȼ˲ſ׵żȫ֣һ˭ٽ
ʩ޼ŷ𣬸õǻ˵ʱˡ΢˵꣬Ȼ󻺲Զһȥ
΢ʶ֮£ʩ޼ڡ
˿ڸ֮ڷһǴӸߴͿԿǼֳ̳㶦λãһߣһΪӵ׵󷨣ڼ̳Ǳ֮󷨾ͷ˹âŰ̳˰˸֮󣬹âʤ·յдһѿһâ֮ϣȫ۵żеĸ֮ϡ
Ҳ˵ĺġ
˿̺ŷ˫ֺʮһ΢ЦԶһˣ˹ĸߴǵֵʩ޼
գɮһ㣬Ȼżд꣬壬׵񹦣Ҳܱ㣬Ϊô˵ǰҲǴһһ˵ȴһɵڣ׵ʵڿЦŷſ˵ȻЦ⣬ȴ۾ţѰҶֵ
棬ʩ޼Ŀ߸ʬʬɺͷ˵ˣǵȻڼ̳л˵˵һģһǱͬһûɶȡ˻
˿ʩ޼˫ĩѾƬĿа⣬аγɣҲڽڽ
ŷȰھӣȻһɾӲඡΪҲ֪һ͵͵ǱΪһ·׷ҵƾԼı£Ѱ˴ʩ޼˵Ϊɰǣһ̣ؿȻͻȻſԳۣΪ}ˣƬ࣬ҲǱǵһɶߣ⿴ڵӣ׵һˡ
ŷЦʧ۾һԣǱһ­ǣһ׵аⶫεҪĿġʩ޼żж꣬Ѿ׵˿Ϊڽ𿴺ŷЦݣҲʼˣͲӦýʩ޼ȳſΪã˭뵽ʩ޼Ȼ˵ĽƻգԼӳ֮̾ʧһ͵Լһ­ǡ
­ǵһܣŷԥҪҪ׵ʩ޼Ȼڿʩ޼ΪѾԼŷȻ־ŭֻһ£­ȡأԺʩ޼ˡ


һǧʮ 벽ʩ޼
ỵ֮̂ǰһ֣ͷ⾳һɵ֮
ɣųΪŷ֮һҰ̫󣬸ڷΪڴлŲǰ
˵ǴһҲǲֵһᡣΪŷʶĸ­ǣǸʱõı
ʱս磬һţΪһһƬʱһ
ǳԽɵ­ǵһ񣬸߰ɣǳֻ졣֮Ҳһްԣһֻ޴ޱȵĻ
Ϣ֮ǿǳǰ˵ʵǻڹأվǶ֣ǻһצץסͷ­Ӳĳצһ֮Ǳٳɷɻңǰ촦Ǳջٳɷɻңֻʣ­ǲǻ
һսֱӵǧĸױ飬ʱŷֻҶһĸֱ֮ŸҲǵ죬ûߣѾĸƬѰңȻҵǸ­ǣ­ǾȻɴСŷ֮֮󣬱͵͵о֪­кܶδŵ׵طȻ֮ͨƣȴ֪Щطĳط
һЩطŷоרķ𷨵УΪͻͽܱΪŷҲǺطйϵЩطһʼû֮ԲΪطһҪͱ뽫֮ǰѧŷ˼Ϊڴ֮ǰѾǧ࣬׷ȥ֮ǰΪһֱû˺ΪԽԽߣҲطϾطǿȴδʺ漰һ׵żֻżвϼƷܸıѪ׵طһɣˮ
ֻǴ­ǣûùһֱԼһ⵱Уֱһʱ𣬽ʩ޼ӴӶɳŽʩ޼ȸΪãȴû뵽ʩ޼ȻһͷǣǱ뿪ǽԼ­ǵߡ
ֱڣŷɾ֣ʩ޼ô֪­ǵģҶԷôô׾ҵ˶Ӧ׵żȻǻʱ佫­ϼصǸطˡ
ʩ޼˿ΪͻͽŷҲһ˿ڣڵû׵طԼڵΪȻ󣬶ڵǽʩ޼
ŷҲǹ֮ˣʩ޼ǿƣһУʩչǬ֣Ҫ­ǶأȻ̾ߡ
ֻҪʱ䣬Ҳ׵طӴ˳ưա
ΪܸߣٶҲ죬ͼһƾճץ­ǣۿҪץ˲䣬ͻȻһӰŷʩչĴֱӱ顣
ٿʩ޼Ѿ­ԱߣովһצŷĴֱ飬ʱʩ޼ֳ߼ߣż׵ֳź˵ļ̣ͬţһ㣬˹Źֵ·
ؿڵ۾Ѿӵԣһǵ飬źŷ
ŷһҲ٣ʩչһͼһָ֮ϹӰӿһ̷ɫ̨ʩ޼
ںŷһɱͬˣʮ㣬˵ɱʩ޼ٿԽԷˣȡ­ǡ
˭ʩ޼ЦһȻ͵ķһײֻѾ컯Ȼصһŷĺɫ̨ײ顣
ɫ̨ÿһƬҶ϶һһĹ𣬹Ϊɱ˿̺Хʩ޼ȴʩ޼ƾճּݵĴ죬ؽƬ̾ͽЩ̳һա
һĻŷʧ벽죬׵
Ȼʩ޼ΪѾǰ벽쾳Ҳ˵Ѿǰֻ̤쾳һҶԷõѾһ׵һ˲䣬ŷ֪Լʩ޼Ķ֣Ҳǹ֮ˣ֪УҲҪ­ˣǻһڹҪߡ
ŷ֪ΪҪҪҳɾһ㣬ҵ׵̤쾳ʩ޼ЦѾǴŷȻ׵Ӱܴıʩ޼ԭӡ
δ䣬ʩ޼Ըٶȷָ̣͵һһҽУڹ֣ŷŶվԶš
Ȼʩ޼Ĺɱ֮º޻֮ţûãʵһ̣ŷͻȻоһ󼫶ȵĺڣڵԼûйעһ׵­ϵطѾվ֪֮ۡܿⲢԼҪ־ֻܹʱ˲á


һǧһ Ȼ
ʩ޼һֵλȹ̣ҲԲð׵طΪʩ޼ѾƵ˾·Ϊȫѹһȡ㹻ôǼƻʧܣȫһҲǹ󡣶ʩ޼ɵҲ֪ԼֻΪʩ޼ûеȴӦһƸһķӦ
һϣŷ𶼲òʩ޼о׵طҪɣҪܵʹգ΢һͿ𣬵ʩ޼Ȼɹˡ
ڣŷǵαסԼܿ죬뵽ˡ
ʩ޼ҪȫһҪ֣ҿ԰㡣ŷ̵Լļֵǵʩ޼Ķжôǿ󣬼֪ʱѾ췭ظı仯ȫѾ޳쾳ʽΪȫɵۣһǱߣ΢ǾŶתһǰ΢һ֮֡
ò˵ŷ˵˵ϣʩ޼޵ľ΢ǰһһļƻںŷ˵ģʩ޼Ҳȫţͬŷ˵ȷҪ֡
ŷҲɱҲУܱ֤㲻ڹؼʱұͱأʩ޼ʵϷ⣬˲²͸˵ģ档
ŷаɴ˿ƲˣֻˣСָһѪһ̣һѪȻǻһСɵѪӨ͸
ҵı㿴ܣһҷ񣿡ŷʵ
ʩ޼ͷһΪѾŷ׵طԭΪתΪ׵ΪؿۣԿܶ˿Ķ˿ͿССȻͺŷĳϵǻСŷ𼴱㲻ҲǱشתһ룬ںŷѾûκƿԴ򣬸翹ֻ·һԼҲô
һʩ޼ûٻɣץСã㣬Ϊ㶮׵ط׵ط£ֱͻƺ졢죬˵ʱʲôȫʲôһҷֿ𡣡
ŷ޵һжӦԼģҲҶ˵ʲôСȷԼŷ𻹲һ֣ΪԽ⿪ⱾԼʵд㡣
ʱͻУ棬ԶӰ֣һ;޴һС磬һǰ棬ֻһۣŷʩ޼ͽ˳
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ʩ޼Ǵһŷһ㶣ȴǴһ˿ϲ˭뵽һ΢Ȼˡ
ʲôΪ˶Ըʩ޼ŷ֪Լһᣬһ΢ʩ޼֮Ȼᷢһսʩ޼ڵʵӹɣոռһоͽԼܣ΢ҲǣǾŶɵתһǰͿԶԸ֣һʱ΢ʺֶΣΪ϶ǸһȻȲʩ޼Ҫסʩ޼ƬӦⲻ
ʱԼ̽⿪Ȼߣ
뵽ŷ׼͵һƾеĴսʼ
ʩ޼һ΢Ȼȣܿ¶һ˿Ц
΢Ȼ㣬ðȻ֪ôܵģҲʡҳȥˣֻ꣬һϣȻˣ񹦴ɣҪְɡʩ޼˿ǵʮ㣬ʱﲻ֪˶ʹ࣬͵͵÷ϼƷü̳޳׵طԼɰ֮ֻҪȫ׵飬޵֡
΢ʱԷʲôز
ʲôһ˻֣ʩ޼¾ǿʵܵ飬쾳벽쾳˶Ĵۣ˭ԾΪ΢ܳ
׵ط΢ʲô
΢Ҳ쾳ɣŷ쾳ڵĸҲԼһлܣ΢ĶȥܱȺŷ
ʩ޼΢ӦҲż˵׵żҲȴ֪Ͷ
΢ɻϵҷ񣿡ʩ޼ѣ˿̴󹦳ɣǼǰҫ磬˿ɢϢϢѾǽ쾳ˡԱߺŷĺ˼ȴʱ֮ززʩ޼֮΢δػסԸܵʱ䲻ࡣ
Ȼǵãʩ޼һͽһӵѵ߶ѣڵӰ˰Ҳ֪Ծʱ᲻ԼסԼʩ޼ѵߣ΢ȻһھͽԷһǴ


һǧһ٩һ һ
ʩ޼ŭۼڲţ΢Ķ֣ıŭð΢⼸겻㻹ǺǰһƱ磬գ֮仹Ҫʵ˵ҵҪһ㻹ܲô
˵꣬һ̤ץ΢
צϱ鲼Ƭһץǽռ䣬źԶͷ·Ѿǰʩ޼һצϴϢѰɶΪ֮
ʩ޼޳׵طʢһצȥ΢ҲɥһצǬ֮ԷһŲƳ֮⣬Ҳ㲻Լһצȴû뵽΢㶼㣬ͻȻӿһ⣬һƴ˹ȥ
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һƣ΢õǵһɹơ
ƲʲôɷǰŶƷ۵ʱżȻʱŶ߷ͨʩɷմȾ˷뷲죬˵մΪմȥã˵Żһƣ
΢ʩ޼һ֮ķƶԸʺϣʩչʩ޼½Ƕɻ΢Ѿ߶С壬ǲ˷ͫӳ֣΢һҲЩɹһ΢ǿ˷ͫΪ˷ʱ䣬ֻһƽʩ޼ɱ
˷ͫһһƵʹûˡ
ʩ޼һצ죬޿ƥУٿ΢һƣʮͨϸٿͻ֪һ˿ʩ޼һצ
ŷ˿ѾҪˣ϶΢ʩ޼Ķֻ֣ҪƬ̣аߣͬʱ⿪ǣơ
ҪߵĵһվûȥΪһĻŵһĻ
΢ʩ޼ˣƶצǿںŷˣȴʩ޼ֱ۶ĵķ飬Ǳȥʯһ㣬ݺݷײȥڵקһĹ֡
ŷͷһ飬·˹һ㣬аôܣʩ޼Ѿǰ벽쾳һнԼܣôᵲס΢һƣ
ʵʤ۱磬ǺŷٲҲûãһ̣ԥ̾ӣͬʱȡһ׹Ƿ鴮ϣȻ˲䣬ǰ׹Ƿ鴮ðһа·Ѫһ㣬ŷֱ۶ĸȥŷ𲻾ϲΪ׹ǷԵǣƣʱʩ޼ҲܵκӰ졣
ȻԺŷĽƻԸ⽫Լ˽С
ǧ㻹©һ㣬Ǿ΢ʵٶȲһŲѾǵż߽磬ֻҪһ£ͿŲƶա
ʱ΢һץһ
һץŷ̸оһֽԼץסӰһѾ˲䱻קصڡ
һºŷٲϸ¶һ˿֮ɫȻһǰ΢ֻһ˶ɵ鲢ҥһʱ䣬΢Ϊоŷĺ쾳Ҳ΢Ķˡ
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ʱڿ΢ͷ֮ǿֲ˷ͫɫ䣬㡭ô˷ͫ


һǧһ٩ ˽
΢ʩ޼ɱһ£Ǿѯ˵飬΢Ѿ֪ʱʩ޼֮ƻŶӡΪܵ˷Ĺƻ󣬼Ȼˣʩ޼϶֪һЩ飬ԴҳһЩԸǸӡڶĸ󻼡
΢ǻ֪˾ŵ飬֪˾ŵҲһĴڣᲢۡڣ΢ԸˣһǻʣһһܵشΪһɣһֻʣ²лʱ۵Ȼ΢ӮˣҲ֪ˣ˵ûؾŶˣҲδӮ
΢ͨ˵ʱȻģҲûй˾飬ǵڵΪ쾳۷壬ͱ̽˾Ϣ
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˵Ҳ΢ʩ޼Ҫһѷ죬΢Ķ䣬ȴҲףԼɲָǿһʱѾǿǿҪ䣬˵ûһ˿ʤ㣬ɱʩ޼ܻԼ鷳
΢ôҲû뵽ʩ޼Ȼôһ֣Ľ˷ʲôǴĶŪģ
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Ҳ֪Ҫ˴ȥδʲô΢ʵ
Ȯ˹ҲŪ΢Ȼó΢ˣȴ˷ֻͫѯʣǿԸ֪һ


һǧһ٩ 
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Ȯ˿΢һۣȴΪĶ΢һһöң̵ļΪȮ˵ĵ񣬺һͼ
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ǰ΢Ĳ԰ֲ֮ͬǲ԰֮򿪵ѷ죬ûԼպϹ
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ߣ΢˵߾ߣûһ˿ԥѪӵȥɽþ󡭡
û˵꣬΢òš
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ɽжԶѪӱ˭뿪ʱ򻨷࣬λȥǽôҲûѼʱ䣬û뵽ʱͻˡ
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ܽ΢뵽ɽȻޱȡ
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ʵϵɽʱɾʱʱĿԶһȺɽӸߴΡɽֻɶ΢ĹҪȥҲ˵
ˣܴ磬ǺɽѪЦݣ˵꣬ȡһ֧ΪɵѴ
䣬縡ƶ˺˸裬žи
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ִǺɽĹͣɽĴɣ㲻ҪˡѪ˵Ǳ߽кɫһڣȻҲûʣֻǿ΢ѾĿⲻơ
ԷǷ˾Ϊ΢ԷĿ⣬ʱѪֳԼõС࣬ҴѽһǿҪȥժһЩ͡


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Ǽһ㶣иǾȣҪ֪ɽһǸ˵еĹžһڹžΧİ
˵Ǹžѹһʯ壬ʯһŷ׭˵ܽҿһ̽ž֮ھкǲ룬˭ǷûãͬһͯҪῪһʯһ㣬ǲ顣
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ᣬжӵжģΪĴһٶǷһɡ
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ԱѪӿ΢עԺ䣬ȴ΢΢Ȼܸˣ΢ǱȥҲδֹ
Ѫ㣬ǡԱСҪԣѪһ۵˻ȥģȴǲ
ǸѪӵĺû뿪һֱں棬˿̿΢ƺҪԺӣǳ赲ǳͣ£ǱԺнأǳϲ̤㣬ߣ
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΢ҲȷŵһŨĹ㣬ֻעǳ챦Բûע⡣
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ѪӴ˿͵͵һ΢ֻ֪Ҫܿ΢һŴһоȡ
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΢ͣûмȥԱߵѪƺЩżִ磬һϵǰժִƷ
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˵꣬ȻǷȡһһ߶೤Ķ̽ԥӴϣԼԴһ´Уͷ­ûƲǵɡ


һǧһ٩ ֽ
һ˲䣬Ѫӻϣ΢ֻܾҪܳɣȻǲȣ֪ɣһȫ̳
һ̣Ѫӳ­Ѫɽйţܶ࣬кޣԹҲΣΪ΢ûС
𣿡Ѫ˲ڰһ̣һյͻȻڵĺڰг֣˲䣬Ѫ۾ɹڵϣһ̽ԼѾǻ亹ɫ԰ס
ٿ΢ѾԺУͬʱһ
סûʵ̸ıֻ³һΣΪⶫ벻ҵۣǾ֮΢ϲǷ飬⾮֮͵ұӻһıˡ
Ѫֻʣµͷˣ˿ֻ֣һ£ոɱһĪǻþ
ԣԲǣΪһóǻͨУҲȻ
Ҹոһ̫ʵֻʵŻָо
ΪԼû
ѵʱ⵹
ո뵽ĸ֣Ѫӻëֱ뵽һֿܣǴ˵еĴͨʱ⵹ոԼȷɱˣĪͨʱתɱ֮ǰԼûȴ֮ǰɱļ䡣
ٿ΢ӰѪֻоݷ˿ҲͨˣٴοͷȻȻ΢˵Ϊ˾֮Ųɣ⾮ûб򿪹ʱɽɶԹûһܴ򿪣Ҳ˵һܴ򿪵ľѪȴһָоھѲס΢
ԱߵС˲ԣֻĿɿڴ˿̳Ѫ㣬ովǡ
ʣȥҴҪ˵Уڿʼ׼κ˿˭ǲҵģҲѪӼΪ˵Ƕ쾳ںɽҲһ֣һ£һɻ治Υ
СҲǼæ¡
ѪӴ˿̿˿ԺһҧҲ룬ʱſ΢ûһͬ΢˵ϵ΢˵ֵһᡣ
˿ѪӸӹվ΢󼸲֮⣬ţκҪǰæ
΢˿̾վǹžǰ棬žʯɣѾǸʴĥļΪأʯųʯнǧҲӣܱӣǹȥá
ԿžľǱһʯѹţǾʯ棬һһ߶೤ķֽϡ
ȥûʲôر֮΢ܿһĲ֮ͬõǼΪɷдɽ⾳ģ֮⣬طЩ΢ŵ

΢Ҳ̲סһ䣬ⷴǼ΢ȤֶΣ˵žһʼûܽȥôʲô
ʹǳıĶ϶һ㣬΢Ȼˣ϶ûɷŹ΢Ҫ򿪾ڿ΢һָоĶԼа
΢㿪ʼоһ׭
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ܿ죬΢ͳУѪӲ֪΢ʲôҲҿڣֻǹվں档
ʱԺ˼ɣǲҽԺӣֻվ潹Ѫӳȥ
Ѫǣܿ죬ĺԽԽ֮࣬ǰǸҲˣŭɶѪ֪ʲô𣿿ǺһĽأϺõ֮⣬룬ֻ·һ
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㣬ΪǺһã̰ǧһѹǺһģѵ𣿶ٽöǸĸҲ֣̰֮ڣǺһԶūڣֻҪž׸ִ磬ִͻӻǺһ壬ٲ̰ɵѹѪӼ˵ǰ׺ŮҡͷãôôͿ̰жǿˣڸǺһ֣֮ڻüңž򲻿̰ɶ򲻿ϸܽ⿪Ƿ׭
׺ŮȰԣԱҲкɵû֪ٸֶҹ׭ûһɹģ׷ˡ
ʱæͼӴףǰǰʲôִңʲôôܽҿ
һ֣ôҲ˵ȥˣΪڸոȰʱ΢ѾǰһһͽǷ׭


һǧһ٩ ̰
Ǳ΢Ȼ־ͽѹŹžʯϵķ׭һô˵ȥˡ˿̵ĿɿڴһĲţԭԺڶǳ֣˿̶һһ㣬彩Ӳ΢һ׭벻ͨô¡
Ҫ֪׭Ѿ꣬ɽç֮ʱʹˣʱһɶûг֣Ӻɵʷǣһŷ׭ʹûб˽
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Լ֮ǰԽ­ֻ΢һСͷѪиӾη˿̿΢Ľܽҿķ׭ȡ£˿
ǺһоˣΪ΢ִɣ϶һԾŶȻ˵ֻҪȡ˾֮ӻһ壬ǿ϶Υŵԡ
ʱҲӦ˹̵Ѫ̰ɴ˿̾ںɽôΪǺɽ鷳һ̰ˣν
⻰ѪҲһ㶣ȴǿԼĽ׺ŮҲǵͷ֮ǰȷ̰ɡ
˵꣬͵͵ãСʹϻۣһжλɵܱӻһһ𣿡
ѪһЦ֪ôʾѾ˵Է֧Լֻ°ղ󣬵Ѫ֪ϻһܱӻǺһֻ꣬΢ʶ΢Ϊ̰ͨȻ΢һָȲϡ
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Ҳ˵̰ˣ΢Ҳȥ׷ɱ
Ѫӱкܶƻͼı赶ɱˣˣԼ֮ǰļıȫ΢Է֮û׷ǿҲһΣԼŪıǵùľԼˡ
ѪӺܹϵĽ֮ǰ뷨ϣֻҪܽźһ壬˵㹻ˣڱΪʱֱҲԡ
΢ҿ׭һץͽסڵľʯŲʯȻҲ򵥣Ƿ׭Ҫ̫ࡣ
΢ҿ׭赭дʵȴǷ˲˼ΪΪ׭ƣҪһһ⿪΢ļʶͶľͨҲֻܽҿеһ룬ǿ䷨ûӣ΢Щƾʲô
Ҳ˵΢ҲǽҲ׭ģ˵΢ս磬ǳ˵Ͼ٣κһɸ˶СҲѹѪ˵žԴӷֵ䣬ԹҲ׭
⣬ǿĶܻôһ㣬ӳƵķ׭ҲһƷ
ǿĽƣҲǷƷⶫרƳ΢ոƷ񣬽⹴߶£ǿƵ׭ϵĽƣɼˣ׭ҲɽҲ΢С壬쾳ˣǻòס
ʣ׭һ˵ģԺֱӽ׭Ĺȥͷ·ȥһɽһɶץϹ
˿΢˷׭һߵڣ̽ͷȥͼžвǰڰһƬâһζǻá
΢һ㶣˵һλӰӰ٣ΪʼӴ
֪ôģ΢;ã˵֮ӰžеĽӰ
֮ǰǳ챦⣬˿̸ʢֱͬһѽɫ޽𣬾òϢֻϧΰֻ΢һܿ
΢ȥһ̽ʱ򣬺ͻȻ˵ɣѵ֪ɽҵĵ̣žҲҵģʶ࣬Ͻͷɡ
̶ΧһŵĹڵɪɪѪȻҲɫһףȴվ
΢ͷһһֳİȻһɣΪ쾳磬ͷо޴Ӱߴʮɡں滹żɣһǸֳľȣǰȴüͷһ壬ȳѪʲô֪ɽнأôܴݼ̰ˡ
ǺһĴϣ֮ǰ˵ѪȻ˽أһḬ̇ɵĹƷÿĹӶҪ׸̰ɣǹ˲ӣǿɾ˴


һǧһ٩ ֮Ӱ
ǿ𣬶Ҳһû٣һĴ˿ҪѪ´»С
˭Ѫһϣλһˣӽ𣬺ɽ˱ӻٲ̰ɵ衣
һһŵɫһ䣬ûüڣǰ̰ѾôĿһǴһݾɽֹôһǰңһʲô˲һܲɽͷϡ
̰ɴ˿̶Ѿ򿪿ڵĹžдŨṴ֮̃ɫͿһڹžԹζ򲻿ڴ󿪣ȻҪž֮еĶռΪС
ܲµóžбȻһ
Ȼ̰ҲɵӣԷܽҿ׭϶ҲЩµģ̰ɲΪԷǿùԼԼǿɽİ֣Ը⣬һνĸһǿʱһ֣˱һɣҲڴˡ
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ȴ֪΢ѹûнϣ˿΢עڹžеӰϣΪڸոգ΢оžеӰЩ춯ƺҪƾ
΢ȻӰߣǲ²û֮ӰԼӳԼС壬˵ֱӽС壬ȻǲܷŹ
̰ں΢ֻǶ֮Ӱ
̰ɿԼȻԷӣһ㶣Ǳŭ

̰ԱŰɱ˿̱ŭͷԣ˫Ŀ죬Ҳģһ̤ȥ׼е΢˺顣
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΢һ䣬ͬʱǹžе֮ӰͻȻҪߣҲǲΣա
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֮Ӱ˿΢Ѳڵ̰һ׭ãһ̣ȻǱȻѹڵϣǷ׭΢֮ǰӹžϽһ
ⶫӦǳԽ˾ĸ̺֮ǿǴף΢ҲǿƷƿأһ¶ȥʲôǷ׭ͽ̰ѹ棬˿̰һҽУҪͷ·ѹһ޴ɽһ㡣
һĻڶĿɿڴѪ֮⣬ĺζ벻н޵е̰ɾȻ˲һ
˵΢ŵ֮ӰҪ̰ˣ΢˿ҲֻǿץţԳá
΢ͷһžһŽ⣬֮ǰ֮ӰǱǽ⵱УȻⲻǷҪѹ֮ӰȻֻžС
뵽΢ԥץӰžУͬʱһ
棬ˣҲţ˭Ҳ׼ҡ
⻰ǳѪ˵ģҲǺ˵ģ΢Ҫץʱһ֮Ӱûʱ˵ʲôΪ΢ڸ֣һ֣֮ӰǾҪˡ
ǣѪȻκ˴ˡѪʱŷӦղ΢Ķ̫죬Ϊ̰ôҲܺ΢ԼУû뵽̰΢ֵʸûС
ѪȻǸˣ֪΢ֶΣԺܿʹӾȵлعȴ֪Ϻ׺Ůˣڼ𾪵С
ŵſŻҪ̰ɣںֻоǻΣҲ̫ʵˣ̰ɿ켶Ȼôˣ˼ҽֶĻᶼûУһͱһ׭ѹ涯á
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ߵʱɫ԰ף뿪֪ⱲҲû׷Ѫˣ˼ҳȥһˣȻһôһɽһѪӵĵλǻҪڴ֮ϡ
ԼΪо죬֮ǶɽУ̿
ܿ죬ֻʣ´ϺѪӣȻۿ̰ɱһѹΪԷ̫ǿҲһԾѪӣߵģڣʮ̰ҲǶ֣УӸղŵҲаʱˣ̰ѷ׭ˡ


һǧһ٩ 
ϵ˵ͷŷģѪҲһͣϾһɽѪӴġ
ȵѪӼ򵥽һεľ΢ѾĿɿڴϢٱҲ˵һ΢ģ꣬һ΢ſ˵쳹ս硣֪һǺһ˸֦
Уһü֣Բκ˴˱չؾޡϴ˿̱˭ģڹžеһӰ˭֪֪֮ⶫǺһƿصĶܽ˵õ΢ıӻǱʲôҪ
ʱʲôָָѾ̰ɵôã
Ѫӿ̰һɱ޵ľȺɱĸĳУ˿Ϊ̰ſﲻҲδɱ˶ԷҪúѪһ嵱еȻٱֻ̰ûпߣѪһ㶼ġ
Ƿ׭ܷסž̰꣬ܰѡ
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пɽζſܵӻζſԽʵѪӾԲŹôõһᡣ
ϵ˵ܴϻۣѪӵȷܴ̾뵽һӡ
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ôĺôǿǰ΢ĽУɽĵλˣɽ΢ӻ˭Ұսһ΢Ȩ
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һǧһһʮ 
ȫ޴ɵУȫϵĸѾˣ仹ǴһȫҲһһɳ¡ȫҲоְģȫڣͺһɳľһ滹һƷɹ٣ɹ٣ִˡ
˿̣ģѾǰȫɵۣǻͻ쾳Ѿɵ֮
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΢޳ɺ쾳һδ֮ɡ
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ڳ֮˻ܱ򶨵ֻмˣ´һɵۣٺҲ̩ܶɽҲûΪȹ̣ɵס²Ƕ֣ҲΪ쾳ĳȡ
ֳЩңܿͻָ֪ԼټŮۣ˵ʲôס


һǧһһʮһ 
֪Լ˵ʲôǿѹеĻҺͿ־壬Ȼɵ۵ɵ۶ɱң֮ʤ𣿡
쳹ԱߵĸɻعҲ¶֮ɫʣµķӦӦһ˲ҪãٴӦԣһ硣
ɵۻһܣƣ֮ƥУɵ۲ŵһ䣬Ҳֻܰմ֮Ĺ죬Ϊɱټɵۣ㻹ɡ
Ͳסںȳ⣬ǰľˣʱΪҲͻͽ˶쾳ɾ֮λĻûڣָһһѾϢʩչȥ˲䣬˷·ãǶãҲ˶˵
һĻĸɣ˶ɫ
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쾳ɵ壬ǵˣҲҪ㹻ء
΢΢һЦѾ쾳ɵ۷壬˵ǵɵһˣֺ
ɵһ˴Գ쾳ΪҪѹˣһҲǵС֮սһˣҲǿƣһɾ󷨣Īɵ㲻£ĸʱ˵
ɵ۹һЦһɾҲֻɵ۷쾳Ҳǣкξ壿
΢أĸֵ
һΣɵɫһ䣬ȴûЦǼΪΪһʤֻڳҪȽȽȶһϾǰ΢ͤüıƭҲҪžʤɵۣ΢ǻָŶɵΪҲҵĶ֡
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ⷬ˵ļΪɵаʱ˵⣬ƾͬɵ˵һ㣬һ޷֮
ΣʮϢʱ俼ǣҲԴ߶е󷨣ҵҲ뿴һɾµжô˲𡣡
ɵɫһĿһɡ
Ҫô䣬Ҫô߶һֻǿԵ΢δظһɵۼƣʱĸĻͲסִ̧һ
𣡡
Ǵ߶󷨵߶֮󣬾ͿԽõһɾµɱˣһһ󷨡
Ȼ̳ټŮ۵ΪϾʱж̣һöԭӦɵƿصĽĸС
ĸҲǵϣɵǿʱͻȻ֣߶󷨡ڵһɾ󷨣ĸʮģɵΪٸߣҲȻֵס
˲ʱ䣬׹ӿ˲䣬ɵͷһ׹񽣣͵Ĵ£Ҫɵɱ
ǰɵۻǺ쾳ΪʱǾԲģʱգɵΪͻͽ˿̷ǵ壬һڴ
úãҽձ쾳һǿ󷨣Ҳһһ񻰡ɵ˵꣬һȡһ̣΢ڴˣȻϳϵϢ͵ǻһ
ұǻʵϢҪǿ
˿ɵȴֱָͷ׹񽣣ϸǵһɺ·̤ɽ²ӿҵ̳֮һ˲䣬ڶХһ˶վΡ
˿˶ȫɵֵۣܲܵڵԷܵеùһû˭κζԷ֮Ҳ˽µʱ΢Ҳ϶вɵۡ
ϾԷ쾳ǿԿ΢ǻָ˾ŶȫʢʱڵΪҲǺ쾳ǶԷ֡
ʤڴһ٣˿ʼױ鲼ʮڣи̳ɢΧһˣ˺棬ǻҲҿʮ֮ڣײԽɡ
´˿ҲǽŲѣɵ֮λϣΪһɵۣǻңҲᵨӣҲҪá


һǧһһʮ λ
Աĸ۾Ҳǽǰ棬ʱԼɵרĿˣǶԷһʼΪڵģĸҲǴϻ֮ϸһ룬ɫһףɵۺĻ
һϵ˭֪һɾµ׽󣬿˵һǿɵ֮һʥءɵ۵һֵ֮󷨵ĺɱôһʿһԵĴһֻӮô֮ҫ״һɳͬǰһ
Ҫ򵥵ʤҪǳ׽һڽ£
Ȼڳһ˻Ǽеһɾ󷨾ԿɱɵۣĸԸ񣬶ԷްգҶǰգ
Ҳ˵а˳ɿܣе޷ɱɵۡ뵽һ㣬ĸɲŻᾪţһԽ޵еƵֵס󷨵ĺɱһɻεľ
ʱϢȥһɳ᲻ս
УԲóѡĸ֪̬ڴ߶ˣûд߶󷨣㲻õȦ׵С
Ҳĸɵı鲻ԣһʣĸҲֻ˵һмˣҲˡ
ԣĲκˣٵȵȣȵ΢£ʱЧãΪʲôûУ뵽һ㣬ĸҲ뵽ˣŮһۣͬǾ΢
Ǿ¾ŶɣҪ΢ûл֮ǰʤ֣ʱ΢ǻҲ췦Ȳһɳĸɿ˵߽ŵ΢֮ǰ˴֪֮ôˡ
һǾǽɵ֮λ΢ֻһŲôףֻܸһڶһ˿ϣϾһ˿ϣǾĻ췦ˡ
ʵнɵ֮λ΢뷨ֻ֮ǰûرõɽԼôԲκ˵лΪΪһ
ȻǾûκˣʱƣֿԽԽС
Ǿ޴׽ʼȻûбɱԷȻͦΣյĽ׶Σʣµʱôʧǰ㡣
˿̲һѾǴŲź;֮ɫһɾµ󷨶κβɵۣ˭ܶԸ
£һ翹³Ҳһ
ʱͻȻһɵ
ͻȻôһ£ɶһ㶣󲿷ֶ㲻ʲôϾⳡҲǰ䲼ɵּʱ򣬵ȵظڶʱ˶ˣΪؾǹأʱԲǹء
֪ʱȣǱѾҪƵ󷨣ڴ֮ǰꡣɵ۰䲼ּ⣬רŵĴɹѸ硣
ټһɵΪɵ֮λλ΢Ч
һɳʷΪ̵һɵگʣһɹٶеĺ塣λ֮ټŮɱȫҲӮ˴֮ټŮ۴˾پҪһˣ֮ô׽һҲô׾ͻᱻ塣
һּ;ѣһһˣٻɹ٣ˡֲ΢Ϊɵ۵ģǾŶɵתɵרŵĴСټԱӵΪɵۣΪһɵ۵£ɵ۷ˣԲŻᱻϸվסš
һΪΣʱ̣˭֪ټŮⷬȨ֮ƣȻЩˣûӣɵ̫ǿˣҪǣƶԷֻҲ˾ûãֻʱˣһˣ
ֻĸɺⲻʱ䣬ΪǼȻɵ۳Ϊ쾳˵Ѿ޵£˭£ʵ΢һη壬һηŮһϣ
ȻҪжעѺ棬ǵȻҲȱɵ֮λΪֻ΢õɵ֮λɵ۶˳λ൱
Ψһǣ΢Ϊﵽʲôزûпܻɵۣʱܻ
ûܻشĸжֻ֪뵱ȻΪ飬Ͼ΢Ϊٿ죬Ҳܲס
´گ֮һɣɵ֮꣬˵նıж¼ͷصܴˣĸɣ¶΢ǰ΢ȻͤҲȻӦķӡ


һǧһһʮ ʱϵ
ȻбеѾǿҪݽߣδƷԽԽʢһֳֹһ̣һĹ𣬽׽ײ飬һһɾֲµ󷨾ȻıƳˡ
춯羪ף𶯣ҡҡ׹ѿһߵѺۣȶ쾳ɵ۵չ¶ɡ
ȻıŭݣոټŮ۾Ȼ֮ʱɵּ⣬һɵ۵ĵλ΢մ֮ĹأҪôɵ䣬Ҫôɱɵۣ㲻ֳʤ
Ҳ˵һʿȻӮô֮뷨ӶԸ΢Ĵˡ
ͬĸǰ㣬ǽ쾳ж΢һЩɵģɵٹ̣ͬһָͻ˹¹߾֮ʵͻﻹǻһ˿¡
ûе΢Ϳʼһ֣ҲΪȻҲ΢֮ȻһսԶټŮٳλȻЩŭܿȻˡ
һųƵǿ󷨣֮Ȼ򽵣˵شһͷе˵ֵסҡҡ׹ȴûһͶ
ҲãȻһѡĴɵۣұȻ䳹׻ܣʱһϲ䡣һͷͨȻ΢Ǵ֮ƲȥĿʹ潫΢ܣһˣڣ棬ոƿ󷨣Ҳɵ۵ΪѾ̫࣬Դ˿ֻ̾Ц
ɵۻһۣұڶɽ΢գΪʱ֮սκһضԸϻ֮۷һսˣһ벻䶼ѡ
˵꣬ɵ۽һһ̣Ѿʧ١
ɵ۶һϢ̴ǶݣһʱսҲ֪˶֪ɵԼսһɵ΢պڶ۷嶷ɵ£̱ɼ޴˷֤һʢ¡
˵죬⣬ѾƼ治һȫĶˣţ̫ڵɵŵĸǰս
ټ⣬ֻɵһ˰ȻѾ죬һʱʱ޾͹ȥˣʱǲսʤ
ɵԼڣЩ죬Ϊ΢ڶûȫǱȻǵ˵΢ˣ˵΢֪ɵ۵Ķ֣Ըɴ൱ͷڹ꣬
ȻһԣʱϵڣһҲһ΢Ĳһ˵˴һԺҲˣϾ΢ѾһĴɵۣս
ǰսڶɼޣҲ뷨죬еǾ΢Ͼ΢ǰΪҲֻǷˣʱ˭ܽ쾳쾳Ѿ쾳ɵ۶
Բ쾳Ҳ䣬粻
ս֮˵УҲħ֣Ҳ˲ɢޣ׵ħˣ˵ƽԪҲˡ
ʱʱ仹вʱѾвɢڳЦһ΢ˣ׵ħָǽ΢С󣬻ϲɵۺȫѹһΪһ
׵ħִСУ˶һŭݣ֪׵̣ڳﵽ쾳ħͷǿᣬȺ֮ЩħͷҲ̶ǿħУֻɵ۳ֲܶԸɵۻҪӦԿܵ۷֮սԲ֣ܶ׵ħͷ޼ɵ
ֳϣǲǣҲû˻Ĵǡ
ۿʱҪˣɵ˫̧ۣͷ죬ҡͷĪǣĲˣˣɱһһһ
˵꣬ɵۻţһٴУʱһŲ֪Ӻδһһ˻
˶סˣΪżΪ޴󣬶Ӳ֪δɵҲסˣҲǾ֮ͨģڵҲԲʩչ˳ţ˵ԷǴ⣬ֱ֮ͬˡ
ɵͣ½ŲͫһԶˡ
һһ࣬һͷɣ֮ǿѾվ쾳۷壬ԱߣһˣͥŲһߵǰʱѾԿ˵ģǾһ񣬶һѾǼѣͷͰݡ
ΪԱˣ΢


һǧһһʮ 
˿΢һͨ£˫Ŀ⣬Ϣǿɶܲ΢ֻ쾳۷Ϊ
쾳۷壬쾳Ȼκһʱ֮ڣӷԾ쾳Ȼ΢Ϊǲ쾳۷壬Կ쾳ǿͲ˵Կ쾳ˡ
ˣ˿˭Ϊ΢Ӯ
ĸɵˣ˿ҲһаĪ΢ûѰҵȫĵؾŶûлָŶɵΪˮ׼΢ܴﵽŶɵĳ̶ȣԺ쾳ԿѾ쾳һС
ô˵΢ˣʤǸһս
ɵһţɱɨһȫɣȫڣɶӣơ
΢ţǿһȻֳһμ㣬˵гһնȻҪ죬ҲԸˡ
һ⻰ɫһף֪΢ڿͼŶɽʱǺεȵĹҲȷ˵仰ȴ˵ִȫȻһãԲһΪУŶΪУᾡܱŶɵĴ֮
Ϊ͵Լֱȫ㣣ƤٺʱҲסЩࡣ
ϾѾ쾳֣ܿ뵽Σʱ˵⻰ʱֻоŶĪԼȥɣҾǽȥΣ˭ţ
ʤΪֻҪΪʤߣţҲԲٸ飬͵Լû⻰һ
΢һۣдһ˿ʧȻѾΪˡ
ˣ
΢Ҳ˵ϸ˵ɵҲȫƵߣΪﵽɵĶˣıȥԼĻԸҲȷԼģ΢֪һսѾ޷⡣
ڣȥʱ׼һսȻûҵؾŶ΢ҲѾ˶Կʱ
ȥ˸ʱ֮ӰӰڣ֮Ӱõϣû֮һ΢۹⣬ս磬ûʲôֵü֮Ӱģ΢ûǽ֮ӰС嵱С
˸µʱ΢ûһϢͷ֮ӰͬʱҲǽСɣ塣
ֻһ֮ȽС壬ǿ̫࣬ǵŶɺ͹ĸ۵ãǶ˵룬֮ǿ£Ϊ壬Ѿͺ϶Ϊһֻʩչͨ似ԶԿɵ֡
΢ԹС壬κһȭ䱬һ쾳ɸ֣ˣܽҿž֮һŷ׭ڣǵṵ̀ɻǷ׭ѹţѾҪˡ
˸ʱ΢Ψһĳɾ;˴壬˶ѣûʱо­ǵеط
ҲΪˣ΢ĲôΪոճأ֮̾ءȻ쾳ɵΪȷҲ΢ܴѹ΢Դģ壬ںɵ͹ĵ֮ѾǳԽɵĴڣ΢ڲаһȭɱ쾳һĸ֣ԶҲȡʤ֮
˿Լ΢ɵΪֻ쾳۷壬ҡͷڳ֮ˣ֮⣬Ҳû˸ҵС΢ǰ΢һ˶ɣǽնɱ֮󣬿ȷ쾳ڣ΢Ķ֣ʱ쾳΢кܴʤġ
ֻ쾳΢ذɡ˿̶ԵȫãȻϣȫȫʤ˿̿΢Ȼʱ֮ͬǰǰ㣬ֻҪ΢Ϊ쾳ֵʸûУ˿ҲǷۣ΢һõһѺ
̫ǱߣڰλɫأȻǲ΢ɹŽ˿̻ûҲҡͷɹŽҲǺ쾳һĸ֣Ըܵƣ֣ҲŲС
΢Ϊǲһ㣬ҲûӣϾʱ̫٣ʱ䣬˵̫һЩ
ɹŽ˵꣬ԱѰӾ͵ҿδأֻΪ΢Ȼһ˵̣㲻ž͵ơ
Ǳ΢ɵɫأ΢ܾʲôطԣԷɵΪҲֻ쾳۷ѣԼûɾ¡
뵽ɵЦŪѣܽһָ˵
˵ָ̧꣬һ㣬һǻһɺ⣬˲䵽΢ǰ


һǧһһʮ ۷һսһ
ν֣
һǻΪ棬΢һ֣ͨ΢Ҳܷӳ󲻵ڣɵҲǸ֣õָֻǼΪͨȫԵɱ⣬ѰʩչҲֻἸɵĺ˿ɵʩչǰɺ⣬֪ж
һ£նɱ쾳ɡ
Զս֮ˣһסˣеʶĺһȻǱȡ

쾳֣Ȼͬ졣
΢Ҫùˣһͱɵɱˡ
С΢ˣ˵Ѿһһ֣ʵڻ֮ϣһȻɱ΢΢ҪҲѣˡ
ս֮˴˿̸ּǱĸɺҲһǣʱڸԶһ۷֮ս΢ľʶһѺ
˫ĿԶָ߬½ǣȻѾǽŵ˼㡣
һٸҲǵвġԱξٺɽҲ𺳣쾳ֳ֣ƣһľ
жһʣ΢ܵס𣿻˵Ϊ˵סһ΢Ḷʲôۡ
˿΢һȻǲ㲻ֱֻ̧ۡ
һ̣ѾǺ΢ֱϡ
ˣȻû㿪
΢군ˣٵñһֱۡ
һ΢Ȼû㣬˶Ϊ΢㲻ֻжɵüͷһ˭΢Ҫ㣬ܶ㿪ģкУԲ¶Է㿪ֻҪԷһ㣬ͻӶʩչ
΢û㣬Ҳûó
һɢ˶Ŀɿڴ΢ֱֻ̧ۣȴǺֱֻϵ¶񣬷·ĳֱۡ
һ˿ڶûС
ȫ쾳˲䶼վһɴ۾һĲţû˱Ǹ쾳Ϊʵͼɵﶼָܷȫ䡢һ֮ǰɵдֻʮɵĺȫھֵܵ˵Ӳôϵֱۣ򶪵
΢ȻֱֻӲ°ɺЩ̫ˡ
ȫڵУһλ쾳ȫĽɸ֣֮ǼΪϤһ۾Ϳ΢ƾһּΪ֮ƾֵɵ۵彣ָ
գħ֮Ҷ䣬Ϊûм΢֮ĺ壿λȫ֮һ
ܿһЩҲܿǾ̾΢֮ǿɵ۴˿˫Ŀ⣬Ȼĳ֮֮ͫŵԭһ֮ҵҪ֮ܲܵһС
ɵ˵ֳ꣬Ȼſ£̷·ûˮһʧڿС
ȫһ¶ݣȻһеͷ
ɵǶˣǬȫǿˣɵۻͷһʩչһаɣ֮һ˵㵡
΢ˣָŶȫΪҲԵסһСһ֮һҲһ𾪣˵֮ǰָֻһͼĻǬǶˡ
Ǿ쾳ɵʩչȫһɵˣҲһס
΢ȻҲϵʩչһУһƺûнⶥУףԷһУ⿿Ƕ㲻ġ
˲䣬һԲ΢У΢¸һν֣Բط֮˵΢ôӣӲ֣΢ɴ಻ӡ
ԲطԳһ磬ɽ֣һն΢ʮϰٵնȥǵ⻪ۼɱ졣
һǬ֮ҲӲ΢ǿܵסһ£ĪǻܵסٴΣεնȫ˿һǾһȫʩչҲˣһǰȫɵۣһɵۡ
ʩչһ˶Ӳնɱˣȥʱһµĸкܶ࣬ɱС
ȴ֪΢˿зЦû޳ɴ壬ӦڣЩԴ˵ûκЧ˵΢ƷҪƿ⽣̫ˣ⽣ǻʺͰ򶼲Զˣ΢Ʋ
΢ûдô׾ƿҲǸոɴ壬Ҳ֪ļޣԵǧնҺ滹ԴԴϵĽγɣ˵಻ǽֲĵط
ݡ


һǧһһʮ ۷һս
ڱ˿ǿޱȵ΢ȴֻһֿȥСʵ΢У󲿷СΪ˿徿жǿ΢ûƵ⽣򣬶Ҳ㲻ܣֻһָȻʩչһֺͨ似ǧҶ֣ȻǶʼֵնâ
΢ӦԣȴǿĿɿڴ
УÿһնɱʮնɣǰٽǧҲԵֵ΢Ȼһָܵסǧٽâôģ𺳣ǿϸǷޱȵĽâն΢ָϣȻһƤƲ΢ǿᣬôˣһҲɵ޴ңȴȻϲ΢ʩչľʲô
ĪΪ似⣬ԿԵֵǧٽаڳУҲкܶĴɣΪһǿƾ˫־ͿԺɱֵͬĴڡ
ЩҲڤ˼룬ϲ΢ʩչľʲô似
ĪǴҮɲ֣һ˵Ųȷ
Աһ߾ųߵҡͷҿӦһĴֲ֣λ˭ϳʲô似
Ӧ
ãһΪͨСҿеǧҶ֡
ǧҶ֣û˵ʲô似
С֮ͨ似似
ʲô
ɴ󾪣еҲǧҶ֣ϸϣǣһ֮ɫ
֣Ǹ֣Ϊ棬似ȻԱʩչĳ뻯ȻԶԿɵۣе˶һĤݣҴӽ쿪ʼ΢ҲΪǴһոµĴţǾ似ûиߵ͹֣֮еֻ׺ǳ֮ˡ֮ǰ²΢һּΪ似ֵܵɵ۵Ľ򣬲ڿ΢õǷ似̵ǿΪ
һ뵽˶жҡ֪֮ǰСһ΢ˡ
쾳ȻԶԿ쾳Ǿ֣һս仹ûзֳʤȻɵʷᣬͬһɾսȫɾΪ۷֮սмǿϸܼ֤һս˵Ҳ컯е˸ǼĻеĸ˶õĳͻһЩƿֻҪȥԼΪȻͻͽ
һǱߣŵķһηŶɣǾŶɡ
ֻһ仰˵롣
˿΢չֳʵѾȫԽ쾳ɵķ룬Ժͺ쾳ֱȼ磬񶷷ûзֳʤ٣ɵۿ϶ûоȫ
΢Ȼָ͵סԼɵüͷһ壬˷˲䣬УۣΪһģмƵİ°׷ߣֳǬ
ǽɱУҿ΢εֵȫɶĿۿɵ۵Ľֳͷһն
䣡
ƺҪһնʣһɱС
΢ǲ㲻ܣ̧Ҳһȭһ̣ȭײ˲ΧƲնȱڣҲǼæֵһЩùնɱиǲһЩ쾳
Ҳڶսˣ˰ɡ
ɢ΢ȭɵ۵ĽҲǳֽվڶ棬ɲԣҪ֪ոһ¶ײ˭ռϷʱɵ۵ĽͻȻ̾ϢһͼеȻһƣѡ
ܣ
ȫɫ䣬ɵ۵һƶɣôܻ飿
̫ˣȫ˴˿̶ǾɵҲһ㶣Ȼû뵽΢Ȼˡ
ɵ۴֪΢⣬ȻոնʱѾ˸΢ͨ籨ţʱ֪΢ŻᶯֶΣԼ飬ȫơ
ǱԼƵ󷨵Ǽ¡
Ψһǣ΢һģ֪ԼѾǲôᱻԷһȭ飿
쾳ҲЩףϾ쾳ɵۣܿó΢һ϶ǳڶԷ档
ôһɵ۵ƣʱķһ·ߵ쾳ôˣȻջޱȡ
΢ұҪֳһʤҾ˵꣬ɵһ䷨˲һ࣬ģ


һǧһһʮ ۷һս
Ƿ˵ʱֻһ޸ĸĹ¶ʲôûУֻһ鸡ܿܿеһһǼΪҵһ
û֣ܻһ漣Ϊ棬Сѧ˺ܶ༼ɣҲýԼеҪԡ
֮ǰǹûججֻһ£Ǿ뾡һа취ӣֱһʶʿŷ·γһС
ʲôȲϾԵ
־Ҫ̤;Ϊˣ̷һʿ꣬ΪֻǶԷܽŵĵʱĺһһóԸʿŵĵһ꣬Ϊĵһʦ޳ɵ֮ĵһ¾ǽǸʦɱˡ
̣óʱԲ飬֮ˣʵϣ֮߱ʦһΪ˱걻ѹĳ𣬶ҲΪ˴ӶԷŪĵͷ
ΪԽԽߣûֱ֣ʮһ֤ɣȻȫ֮󣬲żһĥһãԼ֮ϣһǳȴǱɳͬ뷲ˣһո¶ɡ
Լһ֣ҲΨһ֣
ͨţԼ֮쳹£ˡʣŬԵʱ֪֪˵׼
ʣŶⱲһˣȻֻǺ쾳ܸоŶɾǶ쾳Ҳʤ㡣֮ϣŶɵǿֱ
΢ȻֻǾŶɵתĵɵȻ˵Ҳһᣬһ֤;ĻᣬֻҪܽ΢ܣ͵ڻ˾ŶɣԵӦӺ֮һΪ΢ʱ׼סˣסˣ׼ܣ˵̫أܾõʱ΢̣ԲҶ֡
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Ѿ˼õһκľ˵Ըűɴ´࣬ҪټһգִѰҵһ׵ص䵱Уҵһ̻ľ̳̻񣬼ӳطһͳ˶ԸʿǿԺŵ˵˵΢ǾűɣǹĸҲаսɱ
ⶫֱӳ΢壬ֱ̳ԣû壬΢һʬ⣬Ϊ塣
ҵԽ΢ɱķ̻֮ڣԷûг壬Ҳǿн̳һգΨһı׶ֻһΣعĺľͻ飬ȴΪʮֵãֻҪܽ΢ɱĿľɡ
ⶫû뵽΢Ȼ΢ȻͽԼ飬ɵԺԥһơ
˿һ߶೤ĺľľͷ̳һ࣬Ѿֵľ޴һģһһΧɶоһ£ΪٸߵˣȻҲ겻ȡ
ðԵĹ࣬λǧҪ˻괰ǿŹ࣬һ̾ܽǻǽ顣̳Ծʾе˷ӦһЩһһЩ˹˾ȻǸоܿƣȻԶϣһɨǻɢЩҲǵԵֻʣǡ
ٸעǹ࣬ǻãֻǱֻͨҪ΢һЩžͿԵֵ΢˿ȴǳ֮ͨһĻһв˶Ǵ޳ܣȻŪôһа΢ĹΪʱйΪΪԷ㣬ò˵ɵһ´㡣
һȫǱȻǲ
бթ֪֪ˣĪǻ涨׼ԵУ˵Ǳ޳ܣҿһ䲻𡣡ȫǱҲʼ
ʩչ࣬ԥ߶һ̣˫ĿŹ⣬̶˻УѾ㵽ԶڶˣҲ̲סľ궶һ׵쾳֣ǱһеĻ壬˲֮飬ȻʬͨһԵڵء


һǧһһʮ ۷һսģ
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ˣǹǣûǹ౾ľõǺľ֮ĸ󼧶һⶫϡһߣҲȻɫ˼ʶû˵ʲôǺľԣҲնġ
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Ϊζ΢·Чһ㡣
΢ʱͻȻ㻹ףⶫǶԸʿõɱϧЧ
ţ߶ܿ죬һ죬Ĺǳܲס˲顣
򳹵ʧľɣʵ޷ǰһĻΪλƲ΢ĹѵԷĹȵĸ󼧻ǿ
ⲻܣǱȹĸ󼧻ǿҲֵסġ
ǴҲ벻΢޳Сʱ򣬾ѾɵΪһ壬΢ڸûʲôˣҪ˵Уǣǹá
ϸ룬Ϊã΢һЦһ̤һȭڲɣӦ˰ģˣһַҪֵ΢һȭȥȻǽԷ顣
Ͼ쾳֣˲䣬ѾŲƵʮ⣬ʱǷӦ˹
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⻰˵͸оԣ쾳֣Ҳûǣ򣬻ǸûǻܳƵǹûлǣֻʬ⡣
΢ʬ⣿
΢һЦûгϣҲûзϣûҪҲûЩڳöԷɣ΢Ƿ͹
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˵΢˷ͫϣʺãԽͻϮѹˡҲһʼǾһֱ΢ҪٽЩѣ˿΢ץסᣬ֮Ƿ͹һҪ붼ˡ
΢ֹֻһһҪ룬ʩչԷڶһȭɽȭƷĸߣɼ似ϾζԸ쾳Ȼ΢ƷѾУԴȥȭͷ˿˿Ʒ֮ԵټϴȻǽĽڽڰˡ
һ͹ͻȻ仯̫죬֮ǰоռƵɵۣ˿̾ȻǱ΢м֮һոγɣͱ΢һȭ飬һһոճ;ͱ飬Ȼмܡ
쾳֣ѾǿӲһ̶ȣǰ΢ǼȭԽɱˡ


һǧһһʮ ƾУ
˲֪΢ȴȻ쾳ľ绹δȹ̡һɵ۽쾳֮󣬿ǻ˰ʱŽ쾳ΪȹֻΪȹ̣Ϥ쾳Ϊӳ쾳˵ܺʵ쾳ʵϻһ꣬׿ԽҲûȹ쾳Ϊ쾳Ǵ۵쾳
΢ϣ͹Ľֻ࣬ҪͷβңԼռơ
壬ԴĳһԿ쾳֣Ҳ޵е幦Ͼϸû޵еĹֻù֮˵ǿǡǡ΢ⷽĸ֣֮ǰȷǸϵĴæոֻزҲΪ˽ʵʲôزеף͹ͬʱҲ֮Ӱ΢һһһʽһȭһƣӱ
ÿһȭ·죬ɽ޴ȭĳһһ㣬ӣƲѹȣͬʱȭһһ͸ȥɽһɸɽɽǱεȭɽ𶯣ɽаҵɽ忪ʼѣȻ
ƶ֮ϵɣ˿Ҳ𶯲ֹһ¶֮ɫ˿̵΢Ӱһȭһ͹һȭκһ׵ֵģɽ޴˿Ǽ΢սԼƬ֮͵ð
ʣ΢ɵΪȻֻ쾳֮ǿѾﵽ쾳Բսѹơ
ԭ΢ҲеƵģûרעɵٽݾǿ屩ֻҪ΢ϸ֪΢˿̾Ȼռơ
ɵ쾳΢ȴ쾳֪ЩûС΢ԭռݾԵƣ˿̾ȻƾС
һǱǴкãȫɫء
λͬ΢쾳ΣɵΪϴƽ֣ɵҲδػܣҲɵ۴ȫǱһ˴һ̷Ӧ԰΢ǿҲӮڻеĴ
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΢ֶΣ֮ǰһƵ䣬ɵһɾµ󷨣˵һĴǻԵģڣȻ΢Ӳİƽҿ֮ǰ΢һȭԷͬ죬ӦǹˡһЩ˿ߣǿϸ´۷֮սκϸڡ
ɵȻڱҲûа࣬ܿ죬ӦһζʩչֵԼܷΪ뵽Ȼûмʩչ΢һȭϣһ̽һȭʱ䣬ʩչɱǿ΢˼
һȭأɵۺͷһЩһѪӲ˻ȥֳϣѪʿ̫󣬿Ҵ˿սͷ˼ˣѪ
һߣ΢ˣһצ΢ץһӣ¶΢İӣһĿɿڴ΢Ȼ͸һֽ⣬·һɵһ㣬һּƷ񣬲˺ųΪľצټӲĶҲܺ΢ĴȻǿᣬȴҲּ᲻ɴݣԻ˼ۡ
һצƤѪֱˣ΢Ѿķ룬ֻצۣȵ΢һеצ۶ʧ٣΢Ҳǻָ糣
ֶΣֻа̾˾צˣ΢ˣͺûһȻĵѾﵽ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ʱҲҶ˵ˣǳûʩչһɲǼ䣬˲䴥㻤ֱ֣졢̡ɫͬСһĳߣơ
쾳ɷ£ǼΪ벻ȻˡԶһĻ¶ݡ
ȻҲֻ֪ûʸ
ʩչĹɱǿֲԭһȣ˿̾ȻǻһǧɣɽĹϸ׻񶾣ǲϵһЩճı֮֮󣬿Իɽ˾Բ쾳ɣҲǴ֮
΢ӸղžͿһȣϢȻ͵ǻϵһģһȻӦͬͬԴҲ֪ǴӺδȡģҾȻǽƳһͷĹ
ˣ΢Ҳȷ


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΢۽ʶ㣬ȥ꣬սѰؾŶ֪˺ܶ˾ŵ飬֪˾ŵǴʥ
Ŷɽ統зסǸˣ΢ǻʺͰ񣬾
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ĿɿڴıȣķӦȴЩԤϣ΢ȻʩչһȭɫһףȻҧгݣȻǽһҪߡ


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ƽԪȻû˵ϻ΢һһȴɢȥĴ֡
ʩչ֣΢ֱץֱ󱬣ƽԪ˵Ļ΢Ϊ⣬Īаʦһʦ֣Ϣ΢Ȼ
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Īа΢Ȼǲ֮Դ˿̶Ǿ޴ף̧һͽ޴ɽӲĽǰ
ƽԪ˵
΢˿һɴʦ緶һ·նѾγһƣǻ˿Ѿǹϵɵһˣ΢ڣʽģʱƽԪҲ棬Ͼ׻˼
ϴһ죬ƽԪй˳
Ѿǵһ΢һΣƽԪʶĳ΢һ֮ŷӦȻҲǱ΢˿̵壬ƽԪ֪Լű˼ϣ൱͹ά


һǧһٶʮ Ǵһ
˿΢ǽѾ쾳һߣֽ֮סĴħͷƳѾ˿ԺȻ֪΢˿ںͻƽԪ˵ʲôֻ֪΢ѾɵһˣһɻǴһ
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һǧһٶʮ ΢ɵ
˿̵һ£һϲ󣬴֮ϢѾ˻Լٶȴ磬˵ɽ磬˽ҲһʱõϢ
һʱ䣬ʮ˻еҪҲȲ֮ʤ΢ɵۻع飬ʮ˻Ȼõһʱȥݣ缸ǵҲһ˵΢ܵУһβͬ΢Ƕɵ֮λԵ΢ľʶҲһͬ˽μ΢ɵ۵ʽ
ɳ񲿻æµģɵ۵ǻҪ׼Ķ̫ˣֹҲǶţëû˾òΪ΢ɵۣһͶ˶ݣ㳲֮ѣɳ΢ǹмӣһЩٷʵ΢̳ɵ֮λЩʱ򶼳ıһ£ûһ˵С
Ψһ˵е΢Լ
ڣ΢ڶһ˵˵ټŮ۽λԼ⣬ʱ֮ҲӴˣӦð֮ǰټɵۣ΢տڣ̾ɹǰ򵹣ðԣ΢ɵв˵
еΪ΢ǿʵ΢治ǿɵ֮λ΢⣬ȵתһ룬֪ôʵҲһ塣˲֪΢ȴ֪ڵټŮֻۣ¼ٰģ˵ɵ֮λϾıҲΪˣᣬ°Ͳýⵣӽ΢ϡ
⣬ڶɹԵлһҪɣǾ˶Ѿ֪΢һĴɵۣ˵ǣǳЦ
һǴһôϦ΢ɵۻֻҺܿ΢ͷ֣ʵϵɵۣûԼô鷳ͬдڶɳ˾аţܶ鶼й͹أֻҪͺãò΢
΢ӼɵɺˣΨûм֮ǰȫ΢ôô׾ͷŹǡִԲ΢뷨ӽŲԷʶʱ񣬾΢ǣҲǰٰ˵֮ǰԹ΢һһЩҪôֱӱȥҪôϵΪԴֺ΢
Ȼźܻ£΢˵ҪĹǣҲŴѪһΡ²Ҫ΢Գ棬ɳ֮ʵȥӦţΪɵۣܶѹΪɳ֮ڶŲ̫ˡ
ȵʽĲ֮ǰ΢е¼Ļᡣ
˿΢Ѿɵ£ͷ۹ڣǰĿţ˶û˵˴˵ʲôȻ֪
ҵøлǿѹһҲûôõĻὫλ㣬ֻʺϴһ·λáʱ΢֪⼸࣬Ҳǣһپ޴ѹȫǰ涥ţ£ɳͿˡ
һЩҪ˵΢ǵ˵ڡ
£⼸ˡ
ΪٿҲ¡һᶨ΢ӵ뻳Ƭ̵İܿ죬ǰ΢֪ԼʽΪһɵ֮ǰûлᵥˣŰһʱվͻúܶࡣ
Ϊ¡أׯ£ǰ⣬Ȼɹݣ΢ܶףҲкܶûȴΪǹλߣȻԲμӵ񣬵ֻ⡣
֮ɳ£֮磬ⶼǺ󻰡
΢˵Ϊһɵ⣬ҲǱȻ֮ǰĹְҲֻˣһµϵλʱ䣬̤ɳٳҲʮ꣬ٶȾԿƴˡ
˫ʱѾ֮˫ҲʥԺ׫ܹ٣λֻʥ֮£죬ʥ飬ƾ˫Ϊϵ٣ΪֻƷɹ٣λȴǼߣΪԾɵۡ˵˫Ĳɺʤλǿ˫ҲûУ֮ƾ˫ȻΪ˳ȫ˫
һ΢ܿԲûоܾ෴˫ҲǸоǷܶ࣬ȻһõĺôҲ࣬˵ΪѾ쾳һ˫ֻΪ̫࣬΢ĲҲԽԽ
Ϊɵ֮΢ĺѹʽҲһúô΢ڣɹȴûһɵӣͬξٺɽͬڣɵ֮ãҲǱԵ˾ٳ޿佱һƷ΢˽ĴԪҲиǰȥݻᣬ鵤ٲȻгΪ˽һŵļ
ǳΪɵ۵ĺôһɵۣ˰ͽᣬǰ΢еˣҲٲ˼


һǧһٶʮ ̯ӣ
ʵ֤΢ʺϵɹ٣ʺϵɵ̶ۣ΢ɳѾǻȻһ£ȻҲ١綫֮ڷħ򣬷绹ãȻһɵͳϾҲɳ⣬ԼͳɣħЩ鷳ˣ΢Ϊɵ֮󣬿Խֻɵ۽ĲУĶһЩɳص伮֪ħʱγɣȻһɾЩϵ
ȻһɾҲ֪ħ֣Բרħ΢֪ɳɵһӦͳħ֮ģרһص˾¡һ֪ɳ֮ص˾Ȼкܶ࣬еֻɵһ֪
伮е滹һЩƣ֮ǰҲΪһЩ伮֣֮΢Щ伮϶֮¼ء
ɵʧ֮һЩص˾û˼ලҲǧϵʱ䣬ʱ˼ܣҲ֪Щ˾ǲתٰͳħ˾϶ǳ⣬ȻħҲôҡ
ħҪڰͳ֮⣬ɳϽ֮Σ
ݵԵܴзֳħ򣬾Ϳɼһߡɽ統Уһ֮ΪϽǧɳͳ֮⣬Ͻ֮أΪҲʲôܣ֪顣
Ϊɳɵʧ٣ҲǸΪ⻼Բųô鷳Ͻ⣬ҲǲֻϽ֮һɵӰս΢׵ǿкܶЩҲһͻͻϽ֮磬ԳɳҲ֮֮
΢ɵ֮λѳȫţֻףѾΪݣȫǴ΢ܽ䳹׽𣬵ȫҪָһһϳ̵ĳ̶ȣٵǧֻ꣬΢һ죬ȫԶ֮
΢Щڻټ˾⣬˵ɳһ̯ӡ
΢£һˣֳһ౾Ჽ౾ϣҪϢȥʱ΢ȴ˫
ԭ౾˫
˿һЦվһԣɵۺ£
΢ŤͷһۺһԵ̷ɹ٣߻⣬æ˳ȥ֮΢ŵЩҶڹģ㲻Ұɣ
˫ЦҡͷɵΪ¹£ɵۼλãȻӦΪɳ֮¾Ľֻ˫ޣ½ǰɵۡ
ôᣬ٣౾æµĹְҶ㲻Ҫ٣ۡ΢˵꣬Ǳ˫ͼæҡͷᣬֻٺܺã㲻֪˶Ľң½㶼˵ÿɵ۵Ĵκ˶࣬˫Ҳϲˡ
˫ԽǶ£΢ԽǸоЩΣܿ˵Ŀĺ׼Էƾ˫٣ȫΪֺԼ˫ȷʹ˫ıԤĶҪãһЩ౾ͬһֳػʵ΢ʡ˺ܶ顣
˫ϲ΢Ȼỻˣÿ˫΢Ҳǻϲ
΢εкܶ࣬ʣ˫΢εһˣټ˫ǿ΢ЩҪ
Ͻ౾˫㿴˰ɣ΢һʣ˫̵ͷÿҪٱ£Ȼ࣬һֲļԼ΢һʣ֪΢˵Ǽ¡
ˣɵҪϽˣ˫ȻǱѩ΢һʣ֪΢Ҫʲô
΢һЦʾ˫˵ȻһЦ⣬Ȼǲù˼̫࣬뵽ʲô˵ʲô
ϽѾǧϣɵʱҿһ£ɵʧ֮Ͻ̾ңʱϽɳᵱ׵޻Ϊ׵ôǰȥɹ٣ɳûҲͲ֮ڳ˽մ󻼡ǰϽ౾ȻϽ׵͵ϮһɵţȻǽ˵ΪƽأʱҾɵȻӣϾϽ֮ҲΧɽڸ֮أ˰ʹѡϽ֮أȻǳӡ˫٩٩̸еŮӢ˵΢Ŀϣȷ΢Ҳôģ֮ǰΪд֮ǿУڲһֱǸǳ΢̣ħ򣬻Ͻ΢Ҫ
ħǱߺ˵Ҫɳ˾ڲڣ΢˫Ҳµԭ
˫΢е౾˫һ˲ʧ١
˿˫ֱ΢ţûһܾ˼ֻκ죬Ϊ΢Ҫʲô飬ȻҲܾĵͽԼ΢ŮˣʲôԸ⡣
ȵ΢һƬ֮ʱ֪Լˡ


һǧһٶʮ е
һƬ֮ȻҲɽ֮ڣĸ˫һʱ֮仹ϲ˴ɳأХɽеһյء
Ȼ˫֪΢˴ҪʲôԲǷ绨ѩ¡
ٿ΢طһɨ˫һ̤ǿԽһƬмʯĵط
΢̧һڿգȻȻ
һŹֵĲ˲䴫ݳȥ֪ݵԶ˫ӵĺ棬΢û˵Ҳûʡ
Ƭ̣мӰƾճ֣֮΢ݣԲ⼸Ӱɫ£沿һƬ磬ȻʩչĳڵףҲϢ
΢ڵȣֵ˰ʱУʮ˳֣ǳ΢ݣͬԲ˫ЩһΪǼΪǿٶǷ˾ϵΪ쾳쾳ɶв١
Ҫ˵˫ȻλߣΪҲߣ¿ǽƣ֮ǰɵۣɳ֮ڵĸ˫ʣ˿ڳЩ˫ʶٴûмϢġ
ʱ΢Ҳٵˣɨһŵʮˣ˾ٺڣ
һΪ쾳ĺ񣺡ɵۣ˾ɵ۵ǲ
΢һˣߵһһ˲䣬·оԼϵαװλɵǰãɵ۵۾·ԶһУֱıġ
ǣ̬ȸΪоЩ
ٺڣ΢ʡ
һû˳Ǻټæɵۣٱչδԡ
΢ֵ伮˵˾ڲһʮλɵطټΪֻ˰ʮˣʣµأ
֧һ󣬲֪𣬶΢Ҳֱӵ˾ֱɵ۵ɳ˾ˣɳΣѣ˾Ҳ滤Դǣ֮ʱΪǶΪûȥΪɵЧ
û˸ҿЩ˾ɹ٣еˣǵһɾ齨˾ɳ֮ʵǿһ˾ΪȨƺܴ󣬶һΪҲЩ˾˲ԸȻûнκ˾˷ɵۣΪûɵطǰչҲԲȥݼֻ֮أɵطɷ֮ǲŻ֡
˿̱΢ʣЩ˾ȻûһҶ죬ȻǶǲڰеɹ٣΢ĴҲ֪֮ܲǰ΢쾳ɵۣһƽ׷ڣͨɵۿҪǿ̫ࡣɼˣ΢ɵص䣬֪ƿЩ˾˵ֶΣҲԲݼ
ǹأΪ΢̫ǲҿ⡣
΢ɨЩһۣ֪ǵ˲˾Ĺ֪˵ҲҲ֪˾֮֮ȥ˾˶ˣ΢Ҳ޻˵ǲôأȻˣ֮ǰĹؾδߣҪȫ˾Ҫ֮׽ãͶ˾
΢һ£ڳ˶һ£ʵϺ˾˼ܣѾɢϰߣ΢˾ҲΪˣؽ˾Ҫ֪˾Ϊǿǿƽսĳһ˵΢ˣۺʵϣδܱȵù˾
˾е쾳λָ֮࣬ʮλЩ֮һҲᱻȫѹĴ
Ȼ΢ҲֻôôǣϾ֮Ҫ˾ڰйܿħϽ֮أ΢Ҫ˵顣
˾ƿħϽ֮أħǧ꣬ϽֱɳϽǱߵ˾ȻΪΪ磬ǣЩǲǺ˾ʧְ΢ʣûپԩЩ꣬ǵȷʧְˣΪֻɵ֪ǵĴڣɵʧ֮ǵǷһ㣬ΪʲôĶУеĳΪĳŵĳϣеܵսͳһأԭְȴһɶҲһЩˣ֪һɳ˵λɵۣв˶˻Ⱥָ
ĺܼ򵥣ϼ꣬λɵһصе֣Ǽ򣬵ңڣԼλ΢ɵܿص֣ٻǰǾͱ
ڳĺ˾˶뷨ЩûģǲΪȻΪ΢ǿӦÿɵص䣬ȻЩûѾۣ˾˵Ҫץ


һǧһٶʮ ˾
ɵ۵˸Υ΢֮ЩΪﵽ쾳һĸҲֱ΢ȫ΢Ϣѹƣ֪ǵɵһ˵ƣҪǰǰ޾ңȻǲˡ
Ҳߣͷֱðһ˿̱еļԶ붫Ҳ˵΢ĴеĸֱӼʶ΢ʱɵ۵۷һսɵһУܶ㵽δ
ֻܳ
Ҳйֻ١΢˾٣Ϊ˾٣²ϣְ𣬵ħϽ֮ңҲɵʧǧʱάֺ˾תֻʹٽһƷΪ˾˾٣ò쿴
˵꣬Ϊߵĺ˼æͷл˵ʵ΢ĳͷѾǺˡ΢Ťͷ˿˫˫ݴ˾һְ
˫ȻǴΪԾڳЩˣĶǷˣ쾳ĽɾͳЩˣȻЩʣ֪΢Ե޹ôȻȣҲ
˾ӡ˺˾ӡɡ΢˵꣬ǱԭĺټæȡһɫĹӡ˫˫ӹǽɡ
Щ΢һ𣬴˫˲ʧֻʮ˾ˡ
һֱȵ΢ãЩ˾˲ŸҴӵ
ٴˣ⡭һǰ˵һ䣬ԭĺ˾̺ȳ죬ûɵ۱ѾǸ˾٣ղλ˲٣סԺԲܽд
Ǻ˼æͷ˿ְ̽Ϊ˾ٵ˻һܵɵǼΪ˾ˣӦְλȥδ֮ץˣһ٣ץ֮ץ룬֪
ǣˣڶҲףǰңڵһȥˣһʧ٣ǰȥ׷ûͬš
Ƭ֮䣬ڻҰȥ¥ա
ڣ˫Ŀ΢֪΢϶˵Ȼ΢ûӣֱӽ˾
˫Ҳͷһ˵ɳ֮ھȻ˾ϸһ룬֪Ϊ˾Ҫˡ
Ϊ˾ְȻǰƿħϽ֮أмӷְȨȫֻڰԶչ¶µ顣
ħʵɳƿصģ˵ȥô
з磬÷ָ֪Σ
ЩǼΪص飬΢ܽЩ˫֤˫Ρ
ҳɵ֮λ߿ɾε˲࣬Щ飬ͽ˫Ϊ˾٣Ϳ˾ɷʱΪҲͻͽ΢ЦȷҪ飬΢£ԭڻټʶ˯ýѣʱһЩҲͰסˡ
˫ĿǰʺԼִƺ˾ѡ
ʱ˫۾һҲ³΢Ҫʲôˣɵۡ
ֻҶʱ㻹ִͺá΢һ¡
˫һ죬ִ磬֪ҪʲôˣҪ˾ȻɳڻһһȶħһͳϽ
΢ͷЩʣ΢о­ǣҲ֪˲ͨҪ׼Ĵ鷳ҲǾŶǸˡ
⣬֮ǰ΢ƽԪһΡƽԪյϢйĪаټҲֹˣƽԪһԵĪаԬ̿նԵйأȻǻƽԪԼô˵ģǲǻԵ΢ȷһƽԪϣһЩؼĶԷ˵ʲôҲ͸¶ȡǸԵĵص㣬ƽԪô˵ƽԪϾҲпѻ֮ķţ΢Ƕѻ֮Ҳδܵõ֪Ľ
΢֪ƽԪˣУ΢⣬˾Ե֮һıƶֻ߽⡣ڻƽԪʲô΢ŪȵʱҲǻƽԪ֮ʱ
ΪҪܶ࣬΢Ҫİ֣˫ƿغ˾ЭħϽ飬ֻҪɳڲǴһλòŻȵ
΢иоԼɵӦҲ˶ãȻ֪˾Ĵڣ΢϶᳢Գ˾ʱҲɵۣ̫ǰ㡮ʧ
Ϊ΢֪֡ʧֻǵһطһ߲ε硣ôһ꣬ʮ꣬΢Ҫ뿪ʱϣɳǣڻ
˫ȥħϽĵ伮ȥˣڣк˾ЭҪƿħƽϽӦò


һǧһٶʮ ɵ۵־
΢֪һ㣬ЩѾҪһɵȥϽ֮ңƺܴ󣬵΢ǰȥδЩСã˳Ц˵һ΢֮ˣû΢ĪǾˣ
ȻҲ
Ͻ֮ңѾǧ꣬Ϊ˾ĲΪѾʧȥƣϽв˹һɳϽ΢ǰȥȻ⣬ûһ΢Ķ֣鴫ȥһӰ첻ã΢ҲӰ첻á
Щ飬ֻܶһЩ鷳ֻӡ
΢һӽ˫ϣ˫ֶν缲еһܲ˸ñҲ޻˵
ؾŶ΢ΣȷѾս磬˵һ£ս֮⻹ڣ΢һü޵ĽȸУڵʵȻѾɵһ΢֪ɵΪԼֻ쾳磬ֻƾ壬ܷӳ쾳ܽΪȹ̰꣬Լ˭˭Ӯδ֪֮
΢òԼΪ
һߣ΢˾ã˾˿ʼжԭں˾ûɵٻһҳץ
ڶɽ֮һСˣڲѾͿգǺ˾֮һ֪жħͷɱڴ˴ֱԪľǧ˴Ѿ˿á
ʱ˾ɹٷѾ˼󲿷δɵٻͬŶץ˽ȻǾûģеѾ֮£˵ĻȻϸһ㣬ʣ¾ֻһûй鰸
һԭ˾ĸ˾١
ĳ֮ϣз˰ʿķѰʱ޽һݻɹ˿̣һλ쾳ɹ֡
Ƽ𣬻赸쾳ɿ˵Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬
λ쾳һɷȻ֣ȴЩ
Ǻ˾˾٣Ϊ̫ˣһθ֪ɵۺȻûǰȥ
ºԽԽ£ϸ־ⲻһǵĴɵˣɵ۵ʱԼҲûлȥ
Ѿңˣȥ˵ūţ뷨Уǵ͵Ĵɵ۶һ㣬ֵȥ㵱һɵ֪ԼȥΣ
ʱһͻȻɹζѣЩ輧һŵĻɢ֪룬Ǻһüͷһ壬֣ΪҪҵū
ǰһɣ֮ǰ˾٣˾ˣûȫǻĻǵ֡
ҴһĴɵ֮ӣְ˵溫Цһ֣Ҫزپҵô
˵꣬ûһǹЦм
ȴΪΪϣµ֣˶ɣҪսǿôһ㣬Ȼǲ塣
ֻһЦɵ֮˾ԭ˾ְأɵۺ˾һ̷ְضвӣɱۡ
˵꣬򺫹ʱҲЦˣɫһͬһͷһ㣬֣ģ
ɵ־㣬Ȼ̷ض¸ɫ
ƨ΢ʲôһļһѣʲô˲ƾʲôҪĺɵۣҵʵۣˮˮΪηҪźĳţ鼤ȴǳޱȡ
һЦ͵Ϯңˣ˾٣ô᲻˽㡣
䣬ֳλ쾳ɣǺ˾еĸ֣ϵֺͺ˾Ѿˡ
һһɫ䣬֪ԸһֿԣͬʱԸͬɣԥתӡ
ֻӵõ
һ춯صļս֮󣬱İµĺ䣬һضݡ
һصĴУ˫ŵֵȻݵں˾ʹա
˫ĵݣõֺǳԾҲһڶ˾ɣץƻ˫ƶԳƵ©δˣȴǿԴӶԷĹ¼ƶ϶ԷԸʩԲͬսʱ΢Ҫ˾
ʱ䣬˫Ҳǲ߲ݣҲѰң˫ȴһûзŹʹΪΣ˫ֻ˵һ仰
ɵ־ԱִУҪɣҲҪǵãɵ۵־ϣǲ߲ҲҪ־ɡ


һǧһٶʮ ƽԪĴ
֮ͥϣһЩҪĹְͿȱҲѾһЩɹٲϣͬȥǧʱΪɵʧ٣ɵۼڳ֮ϣټŮۼλʱָϴ֮Ӽᣬڣ΢ɵۼÿ춼ϯ
ڵλ֮ϣɳٹٹݣ΢ʱҲ룬ʮǰԼո̤ɳֺ뵽ôһ죬ȻִһͲܺŪգɳȷ൱Ķࡣ
֮˫ְݼ΢ͨٺ˾ˣ΢һ֪˫ȻԼ˼˾ƿ˺˾ã˾ǰеÿҲҪ˼˫æ΢ʡºܶ顣
˫ƿ˺˾Ҫ΢ƿħƽϽϽ֮΢˽ⲻ࣬˫ħ΢ҲֻһҪǾǷħƿħħڣɳħĴˡ
˫д㣬΢Ҳȥģһ΢ҪԺ˾˫ͥǱߣǽ¡
ȵ鶼׵΢һѾڰս
ս֮бǸǻ߽磬˿΢Ư߽磬ڴ˴ƽԪͼħͷѾǵ˺ܾá
΢ɵ۹ȻɵһˣҵǸʮ·΢ɵ˲ϢɴɡƽԪһαЦݣ΢ǵˣ΢ǿпףƽԪвŭǲй
ƽԪ֪Զ΢Ķ֣ʱһ˱ķӣǴ֮̾͵ñ΢ɱ
ҪûƽԪҲԲܡ
Ҫһȫһǲܶҡģ˷Ѿﻮȫ΢ɵһˣҲаսԷɱ
ƽԪ֮ǰ΢Ҳм٣ȷ֪Īаڣ֮ǰ׷ٵĪаټ֮׷٣֪ĪаƺǵõĳִУȻؾΪǡʱƽԪҿùֻԶԶţһ·׷ٵⱱۣȻ󣬻ƽԪȻǿĪа˽ȥ
ЩĪаˣƽԪûмϵϢɵħ֮
ʱƽԪѾͨͷ͵͵ĪаҲᱻЩ˵˲䣬ͱˡ
˵ǻƽԪЩץסʱĪаѾǲӰڻƽԪ룬ĪаӦǵһ硣ĪаڣƽԪ֮ûƭԷƽԪ֣Щ˼Ϊ߰ӱΪϣֻҪֵĹԷ˵ⲻᶪһЩô
֮⣬ƽԪҲǵõһЩЩԳơˡǿߵУһ˵ƽԪݣ˿˵͵оȻħУƽԪ˳ͣ乧άһ˵һˣ˻ƽԪһö˵ȻƽԪ޵쾳󣬿ɵ˴߶ɵõ˽磬ѧϰͨ
ǻƽԪ˵ĴԵȻʵϺܼ򵥣ֻҪ֪ص㣬ͿԣƽԪ΢˵ʱʵһǱ䣬Ҫ뷨ɱ΢
˿̼΢ƽԪЦѾ꣬ôֻһ̣
սеаɸ֣ƽԪʶҿԵ٣ʣµģҲüıƭҪôǸǣҪԸǵɵһˣܽɱȵԻһҪħ֡
˵һλƽԪĸ֣ʮλ쾳Ľɸ֣ǿԳưһĴħͷ
֮ټ֣˲ɱ´
ȻڽĻƽԪ˵⻹һֶξһö֮ǰΪҲԶ쾳һöֻ쾳ֲܴ߶ģڻƽԪóٽݾ⼸ʱħطһֻѪʬ֣Ѫʬ˲䷢ӳ쾳Դ߶
ʱһЩֺ󷨶Ը΢һУǾǴ߶˽ߣܹƻԷ˳ɱ΢
ƽԪѾ֪˾Ĵڣ֪Զɵľ磬˳֣΢ҲԲСΪˣƽԪŻ޿֣΢ƴһ
˿̻ƽԪ΢֮˵һ䲻̲Ļ󣬾Ҫ΢ͲúõɱСʮ쾳аҲѾΧֻҪһ£̾Χ
һ̣΢ͻȻƽԪ֪㲻ưոݣΧЩаֶɣΪãȻʮ֮ͽýһе


һǧһٶʮ ħһ
ƽԪгԾ֪΢οģµƽԪҲܶ룬ϲò˦һͬʱ֡
õķһħ߶֮һ㼫ΪȳѪ⽫סַԵֵ쾳һֵȫһɼˣƽԪǲҿ΢Ϊ֪΢ΪѾԽ쾳
ͬʱΧͻȻʮ˸쾳һа֣һͬɷһ㣬мĳħ幦еɣޱȣеͷǣкëеѾ壬ͬһֻ޴İצ㣬ȴƼǿһǴﵽ۷弶Ĵħͷ
΢ȻɨһۣϹ֣ħλǶǧǰͳĴħͷеѾǱ꣬Ϊǵһ붼Ѿˣû뵽ţαƽԪƭȴ֪»
΢ʮһ֣Ȼ޾ɫ٩٩̸ԭ΢֪ƽԪҰֶԸԼԵղûнɱýὫаŵĴħͷһҪ֪ЩħͷÿһȥǿԶԿȫں;ʮ˸ħͷһ֣սڣǶ֡
ǣΪսҲΪ˽Щ΢Ҳû뵽ƽԪȻͣܽЩѾħͷ˳ò˵Ϊ˶ԸԼƽԪҲ˱Ǯˡ
һǰԼֻСĻԸЩħͷ滹Ƕ֣Ƕ˷ͫҲӦ޳ɴ֮΢Ѿﵽ쾳ĳ̶ȣټƷͺ˷ͫԸʮħͷҲⲻ
Ȼ˵֣ʮ쾳Ĵħͷ໥꣬Ϥϻ֮΢ҲδܵУڣ࣬Ϊս΢̴塣
΢˵ʮħͷһ㶣뿴Ѿ㵽ĻƽԪȻЩɣǲǻƽԪǳƽԪһ°̵λǰݷģҺ΢ᣬ֮أ΢˿ڲ˵ã֪λ֣Ҫǵľģλ򲻿ţþֽ̳նɱϾֻһˡ
ʮħͷһǷӦȷˣ΢ͻƽԪҪԸǣǴ˿̱Χľʮˣ˵΢ڹŪ顣
ʱ΢ѾΪǿ߶壬ͻȻ֣һħͷһȭ򱬡
ȷһȭ򱬣΢ȭ쾳ԵֵЩħͷǱ꣬Ҳﲻ쾳ĳ̶ȣǸ߾ųߣľ˫Ŀ֮ɫħûӦͱ΢һȭķ飬Ƕ˲ɱ
ִħͷħޣ󲿷ֶҪעǿȣͬħԺɼҷӲˣΪħ޵ǿ֮һ
ħһħ壬֮ǿԵֵ򽣼¸֣Ȼǵס΢һȭ֮
ʮħͷɲֻ֮ʣʮ߸ǾַȻû׹Ϊ΢һȭɱħ
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΢֪ʮħͷÿһǾǧĸ֣ԶķϻһûУֱӽ߶£峤ųϣ⣬ͬ˽١ֻȭţԸʣʮ쾳ħͷ
һȭɱħ
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ԶƽԪľȻԤУƾʮħͷδܶԸ΢û뵽Ȼô졣
һһո΢ʮħͷɱѾǲ֪ԼúõĴУ˵ȡʮһħ׭˼Ϊӵķһͬ˦
ͼʮһ׭ͬʱڻȼգȻûգһɺڷ𣬽΢ʣħͷȫڡ
΢ұѰħ䣬רҳɱ󣬴ռϣͺķʮ꣬Ը˵ģˡƽԪҲĴħͷֻҪɱ΢Լ֮⣬κϡ
ȫѾ֪٣ûȫѾΪ壬һܽ΢ɱողһͬҲ˲䵹ֻ⣬лḴƽԪѾˣֻҪɱ΢Ǿ뷽跨޻޻ȫͷϣһɵɱԼ֮
һƽԪȻϣɹҲ׼󷨺ʮλħͷ΢ֻ֣ܶһɱﵡ


һǧһʮ ħ󣨶
ƽԪü¿סԼǷ䵽֮㣬Ҳǵ꿴Īаȥĵطȡһö˸壬嵱Ѫɫ磬γģħɣƽԪȡһֻѪ֣Ѫ꣬˲䷢쾳Ϊר߶ö塣
ֻҪ΢û̾ͻ߶ǵλɣ赶ɱˡ
΢ɱ˲ɣ
У΢𾪵ģʣĴħͷЩԾʱǻƽԪ϶ǰˣˣȻὫҲڴСˣ֮Ҳɱ΢֮ѾɱĻ
ҾǴϢˣ΢ҲᣬסǵĴ΢֪ɱлûеڴ֮ǰɱħͷ¡
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ͼһ켶ľӿ·ǧ½ûһ޴ϣ飬ݺս֮Ϲֱ
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΢̫ǿˣ֮ǰǻΪȻˣǸ΢Ķ֣ȥǱ΢һȭ䱬Ǳ󷨻ǲҪ͡
룬΢ɲ롣
΢УЩħͷʮ⣬ǲħħޣˣÿһħͷﶼѪծѹûЩħͷ󷨣΢Ʒд壬ǻʺͰ΢ƿƽԪµֱǲֵһᡣ
΢£Щħͷģ΢ɱЩħͷһҲ֪˵棬ֻҧ֡
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ħħеλߣһĵ伮жйļأ˿ʧ룬ķѾù⣬ϴŵĶҲѾ飬Ӷ΢ȭ飬ħͬ죬ҲѾ΢ɱ
˿ħѾŵĻɢзߺޣ޵Ĳ΢ǻƽԪǻƽԪ˵ˮǻƽԪҲħɱУ뻹ܡ
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󣬿ƲСĵŪһǬȻʬ壬ռħģ˿Ϣ͵͵ƳԼһξѪһ߲ʬϡһ̣ͱ΢һָ
ħͬʱʩչϢתƵǲʬϣ͵͵Ĺ۲ţħﲻʬ΢ֶܼõʱ򣬾ͼ΢Ѿαǣһȭħɱƿ
˸ԹԣħֱҪŷˣΪ΢ǽˣ˼Ҹ󷨣ƽԪҪԸˡ
ʱħԼԶһ㵵¶ʲôƵĻƽԪץһֻѪ֣Ѫһö˲伤
˵ƽԪԼ಼µĴȻƿ¾׻ˣ΢ЩħͷնŹԼҲǺԥ߶һö
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ʱҲ΢мȲţЩ߳ŭ΢ȻԽʮħͷ𣬵һΣֻҪ˽٣΢Ǳɡ


һǧһʮһ 
ƽԪеѪֺͬʱʧѪ֣ΪֻʹһΣú̻һѪ߶֮󣬻һƣȻֳǣתȻγһ涴һ̣ǻ涴߳һ
һۣ߾ųߣ˶ҪһȥƤۣƺ룬ĿƳգͷϾȻǴһȼջĵڡһޣϸһǸһɵķ֮ǿֻһѾǿѹ֮ǰʮħͷˡ
ʣһ˾֡
˿һĿһɨ˭߶ģ
ƽԪһæǹǰǰңҴ߶ġ
㣿ɨһۻƽԪĿ¶֮ɫΪ㣬ûʸǵ׷ˣҺܺ棬Ϊ㣬δ߶ģ
ƽԪһȻҲֿܣǰǰһֻѪ֣˲䷢쾳ΪҲΪұ׷ɱ߶Ҳǲѣǰȡ
Ц㲻ϣҲҪ󣿡˵ȭĻƽԪɫҰףһѪ
ϲңֻСǳ˵ǳȴ⣬˵ҲסСģСֵһᣬȴڮǰ˸֡ƽԪʼ˵˵ˣһҲͬķӺŪסˣΨһ©ǣһ˲ͬһ
һЦϣҪ赶ɱˣ㵱ɵӣϣϣͼƭˣ³ֻ·һλǳĺƭƭȴƭҡ
˵꣬˫Ŀճһ𣬻ƽԪޱȣܲմȾһƬ棬˲͸оһʹ̣ҽƺӵļΪƽԪȻҽһʱ֮仹ˡ
ʱƽԪˣҲ֪꣬Σգ죬֪ԼŪˡ
е˶ԼһףʣԼϣܡһת˵ҲҪ΢汳
зݣŷʹ࣬ͷǰСľʵ˵ȷˣСϧ˲谡
ν֮Ҳƣ˿ƽԪҪ˻ô˵֪Է˵ģ뵽Էȷ̧һУƽԪһŻȡأƽԪ˰˿л֣֪̿ԼĶˡ
˲ƽԪǿԶ΢
ʣ˾ǻƽԪĳң˿΢΢˿Ҳڹ۲ˡ
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ˣȷޱȡ
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ƽԪס΢ԡ
ˮɺ𡣡΢ֵ̧һˮһˮ֮˲仯󺣣˺ХȥһС
ͼ˲ðΧɷΧ˲֣һ̣΢üͷһ壬̧һץȻǽӭһץС
Ȼ˲佫ˮɺո⣬һɱ΢ոյˮɺ΢ҲǺһŻһƣʣµģκβ΢Ĵ壬ͼ΢ץŻ棬Ȼݺһ߬һ
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ڲʬϵħҲŸʱ޲ýƽԪж˿飬ǻƽԪҲ΢ֲĴڣǿ˵΢Ȼ
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˵꣬˽ŵһޣ˦ִյУһ޺ӹ֮һƬ𺣡
𣬶ǿ쾳
ֲǱӣ鵽ϣ΢ĴҲԲ


һǧһʮ 
΢֪УǧԷһޣˣϻǱɨһ㣬һۣڴޱȣǺۼܿʧ١
Ȼ΢Ըһȭȥ˾û뵽΢ĹɱֶǱ˸ֲ΢һȭɱ벽ˣѾ˼ĹǱ΢ȭ˸ϡã˿õϣȻδܽɱȴǽԷɳȥϵĻ飬ͬƬһҲǳơ
Ҫ֪ˣȻҲ΢һȭ
ʹ죬ȭͷȺħȭȭͷҲˣ벻һˣȻ֣׺ǼһĽӦøղǷӦø㣬˵۹ⲻš΢һȭȻǻ˼ЦðƬ֮ϵ˺۾ȻȫָͬǳɫƬһ㣬覡лޣ鶯Ƭ֮ѾӰ޴ܣ֮ҲԽ𣬳鵽塣
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ĶˣͬǰǶԸѾ쾳΢Ҳе׵ģһβһԸˣ΢ʤ㡣
Ǵ߶֮Ҳһе似˶Էֻܳʤ΢չʱûɵżʦʦһɱУɱһʡ
һĨȥĨɱκδڣ΢ʵڲеʱ˷ͫ߶ɱһʣɱһʩչоƣʱôӳٶȣ嵽Էʮ֮ʩչ
΢ļƻˣһˣʩչŲͬŲһ㣬˲ϢƬ뵽Էǰ
мˣ˿΢ĲǿͶĸӦ
翴΢̾壬Чþǽո͵͵ʩչһγѼĻ˿߽Χȫ֣Էǳ̾ͻ壬˿ôǶԷʵã̾ͻᱻ˿ն飬ǶԷǿ޷նҲԲöԷʱڶá
ԴˣȻ˷Ѿ˼Ҳ΢ոһȭˣȻһԿס£Ҳס
֪УλѾǽ΢ֶͬԴ
΢ۣȻԿóԷ壬˿֮Ժͱ޼᲻Ტۣκβô壬Щ˿ߵ谭΢ѾӦ֮ЩȻͿԱƷ֮ס壿
ʱһȭͻƶԷȻɱһʾʤ
΢ļƻ򵥡ֱӣйԡ
һ̣΢Ѿǳ˿ߵУͬ΢룬ԵЩ˿У΢߶ƷЩ˿Ǳô͵ĳײͽ۶ϣ˲ĽѵĻ˿ȻһܣǾǱĻ𺣡
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һըըΣΧ֮ѾһƬ𺣣޴ĳ⼸ҲıѣƽԪǱͷתϵﶼǵòȻǱȴǼޱȣƣκһӦǱɲŶԡ
ڵ΢ǻƽԪĳˣвĵˣ΢
ħѾŲʬԶݶȥʵǲҼٴոյıըԶҲ𺣵СҪ˵Ҳ𣬶òٻֱС׼ס


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ۣһзǧҲʿˣһԶҲǼΪ
ƽûʲôͬһоɽˮ֮ؼ̬˶Ĺڲǲڶʹǧ޽һй
йǵػ׸һλ˵Ϊ׸˵Ǹģһռ¥ǲΪɽԸΰ׳
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ʼҳԱܣǼȻǼΪ⣬ʱ
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Աһɵѵиڶղҿܵ
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ʱҳԱҲǷʿҲ÷ݵصı£ȻˣǼʶֻ̣ǽΪҲ硣
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ǷʱҲˣȷ˶ڰ⣬ôԶľ붷ɵƶԲɽأǺεȼĴɱ
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ͬ飬ҲΧ⼸ϣ֪ж鶼һս𺳣֪ж˶ŵĻ겻ᣬͷݡ
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һɱһʣ΢ûжԷҪȻˣҲӦ˵Էǲ֪΢ˣ˭˸һЩ
΢˿̿ŶԷԷҲǿ΢΢ӦԵʱȴǶ΢еʦʣȻֵˣˣҿһᣬ㣬ʲôԬıʡ
Ԭıʣ
΢һ㶣ʶԷ˵˭Է˵Ԭ̿ա
΢Ԭ̿ʦˡ
λ˷ˣһ̵ǴˮҺǼʱ֣Ȼ㣬ȥ֮ǵñԬƤ
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ܿ΢֪з棬ǵħӦ˵ͷܴ󣬶΢ĵϸԷ֪Ժ˶ǰսȻ˽顣
ԭԬĴˣֲƵط㾳磬ʵѵáЦȻôһΪ΢Ԭ̿յĴˣҲ΢Ϊ˵ǻƽԪִڣжϣ΢Ȼܻ࿹⣬˵΢кύıǮ
һˣ¾Ԭ̿յĴˣҲֻǻЩӣԲô
΢Ȼ֪Ԭ̿յڣҲ΢Ԭ̿վڵѾ˵ͷ
ϵܣǲʶôʸˣҽȥΣ˵󣬻ħȻҪ΢˽硣
΢⻰лйһ˲Ҫ뿪ͷϾǿ˽磬΢ϸһ룬֪ڲ뿪ʱ


һǧһʮ Ը
΢һ֮һɳô죿ԼЩô죿
̫̫֮࣬࣬΢ʱֻǿЦһȻΪȴǣ޹ҡ
ʱ
Ȼ߻Ҫߵģһʣ΢ɵΪ˿̤۷壬Ȼɵ֮ϻ˾΢ûɲȥ΢΢ļƻڶʮꡣ
Σ˿ǲߵġ
΢ȭл棬ܾ˶Էĺ⣬Ƿ浹ҲûͷҽˣֻҪ˵Խ˽磬ĸǼޱȣж£ϵȻܾľҪЩһǿϺܶ࣬޷Ϊ̤˽磬ȵʱֵٰѾԻ
ʱݡ΢ҲǺˬ棬΢ͦƢԽύҲǺܸɴࡣ
΢ȻͻħύֵܣǱ߻ƽԪ֪ļƻʧˣ˿Ҫӣӵõ
һץͽѾӳ֮ĻƽԪһѳ˻
˾֣֮ң̽ǴͨƽԪҲһ֣ڷ
ϵܣ˱޳ܣǳңǾͽ㴦ˡ˵꣬СС֮ţ˽ҲһЩ֪㲻
΢һ㶣˷˼ͬԼ˽Ԭ̿⻹ûмʦƽԪҲУϵϡ
Ȼˣ΢ҲŹƽԪˣŶԼһǾ޴
΢ƽԪᣬԷϧƶԸ΢˴ܲ
ǻƽԪҲ֪Լɣ˿̶΢ɵ΢㽫Իıһҡ
΢Ȼӣ̧һ㣬һָ֮»ƽԪǻҷ겻ƽԪԸΪɱ΢ȴĹ΢ΪҰٴԹ˿ҲǹһƬޡ
ֱָɵ˻ãԼûרˣһЩı浱׺ɵӣһ䣬̵ˣ˵Ľ׺ģСһ㣬׺ޱȣΪߣ֪ɱˣǻ鷳ģҿ϶˵ȥġ
Ц΢ţ֪Σ΢ƽԪǸɱ֮ˣ΢±Լ鷳
л棬߱Ҫȥˣߵʱʲôϵܣҿһ˷ͫϢСһ㣬ǣҲŪӣҲңԺ˽磬ǧҪչ¶öٵյ޶֤
⼸仰˵ļΪأ΢֪ԷԵ޹ô˵ȻǵͷӦ
ˣ´һ棬γһ涴Уټ
һ¾ֻʣ΢һ
˷΢һɱħʮ˵Ĵħͷɱ˻ƽԪύ˷˾֣˵ջ񣬵һ𣬷ض
ΪɵۣѾվɳ۷壬ǰһЩʽҪ΢ҲѣҪͨҪȴͬǰ΢ЩѣҪټ΢΢ټǲܼ΢ģȻǵһ⣬Ҳǰͨͬ˿̣Ѿһ죬΢Ҳǡþʱ䡣
˫΢ĵǰһɲ裬ȻŸ΢Ⱥ
ģɡ
΢֪ԼʲôǺʣ⼧΢һˣһЩΣҲǼİһ΢֪Լ΢ﻹĸмģȻ᲻
Ľˣӣеɳ֮
ģݼɵ۱¡˵꣬˫ѾȻ뿪Ȼֻʱ䣬˫ѾϤҪ飬ǾǳΪ΢֣ƿغ˾ˣ뿪֮ټϽ֮¡
ڣĵ£һʮǰҪ֪»ǲǵӡ
΢һ㶣Ȼ벻˭ӡ
һ䣬΢ͫһ
£ɻǵĸ꣬͸оһѹϯǹڵϡ
΢Ȼǵãһĺ֪һʮǰ΢ҹֻΪ˲һıݣרȥбʮꡣ
΢ϼӳ䷨ӡǣ΢ǿԸӦģո΢Ŀ̽һ£䷨ûб仯ϸһ΢ɵòȻŭ
ΪԼ䷨Ȼ֪бƻľֽš


һǧһʮ 蹫
΢ĿӦ̧һץյ̽ȥȻץסһӡӡȻһֳֻϡ
΢ļʶֳʲô·
΢ϲĸϲʣϵӡ΢ģõĻǹܵͣҪƻľ΢֪ǳ΢ѰҵؾŶʱ
Ϊ̫Զ΢ԼӦԼӡԲöԷóѡ
ӡԭǼӳϵģһ΢ĺ֪΢ҪһȿֵĶһֻû뵽ǳˡ
Ӽ΢֪Լ갲ŵĹޣʮһֱڰ΢ǹ֮ǰ΢Ҫʮ֮ڣҲûȥ
ԭܼ򵥣΢ѡǣǹţֻǹ»Ұɢɢ֮䡣Ϊ˱΢Ҳ̶ãҪౣʮꡣ
û룬ڵʮĸͷʱˡ
һԳƹ蹫ӵҪǿдȻӦǶֵ֣ĻᶼûоͱɱһʣµǸߣȻʼ뷨ӴίλٵϢҪͨϢ
ȦҪһ˲ѣ˵ѾǵɵۣĵĹ֪Ҫҵٽ΢ͨһλ٣һϱ͸պõ˼ĶȴΪ
֪ǵ΢ί޿һˣǸ˱˴ߣȻǴ飬ȥǸҴĹޣӣ֮ȷϵί֮˾΢Բǰ
΢ӼĿе֪֮ҲסˡĿǵȻҪһ㣬˹΢ɵ۶飬΢ȴҡͷȻֿԲԼһùչҲʮǰҵ鼫Ϊأ΢֪֮ԷҲ֪Щ֪΢Ҫж
΢⣬Σ΢Ӳܡ
ģǸںδ΢һ䡣
ļæ£һֱУﻹ˫ףػһѾһʮ꣬˵Ըȥˡ
΢ͷ̧һУų΢ͼĽ£󼸺˲͵˽磬
ط΢Ҳкܶûˣ˿ǰӷ٣ҹҲвٽǵƻԻ͡
΢ûо˻طǺͼһͨȻС
ұͨͥȻǰҪǿ˺ܶ࣬Ժ޹ҪҲ࣬΢ȥʱȻһƣȻһ̨ܵķΪ꾭ݣѾЩΪ档
΢ϸһԼίеޣǽֲӲԸ뿪
ַõһ޶Ҫܶࡣ
΢Уֻ֮С
˿Ѿҹ΢ͼĵΪȻǲ¾ŵˣ֮󣬴˵еһƮһڹ⣬һ׳˶ӵģڵϣ΢ͼĿͷ
ӲɵôĺѣȻǳһλԹʣ֪֮һһ㽫顣
ɳɵۣ΢
Ǹίǵ٣˭֪һССپȻΪɵɵִۣݡ
΢ģ͵ûʲôһ۾ͽ΢ϳ¹ͷ
ӣ΢ǾûԷ۳ʲôĿģػôҲԶţ΢֮ǰֻҪػʮ꣬ϸ˵ʱѹһޣΪɢ
ӽĹ̸ϸ£Ͼ
죬ƽǰڼ֮СҪǶȻøϣСƽϲʫʸ踳һλŮΪʦȥλŮ϶д֣ȥʱ򣬱ſһˣ˴ŹŹ֣Գƹ蹫ӣСˣӴ˿ʼô򣬶ǹ蹫ҲǷˣȻһ۾ͿޣǲҪ£֮죬Сոճţ蹫Ӿͽ°ߣǶ֮û־ͱĻɢһ㣬ûɢֵãɢǼˣ˻Ҳûʲô˵ģίչС㣬ʮǴҲŮһ㣬Ǵ°ߣ˾ȻС㡣
ͷ΢óԷʵ⡣
ǹ蹫Ǻηʥ΢һۼģ߾ȻҲҡͷȻͬ


һǧһʮ ռ
֪ûϵ֪Բ̽΢ŵ»̽Ϣ
Ȼǹ蹫λŮۡſģ¾ͺǸŮѲϵ
΢ŮڣȻҰף˵Դ·ã΢ҲĴһЩĶ̬ȵŮĸۡʱ΢Ѿ֪˲ٹ飬ͺһһּΪϻ۵ŮӣòףȻһܳΪͷƻ
˴λŮĸۡʱ˵΢̧ͷһ΢΢һЦΪⲻǱ𴦣Ȼǰʥĸۡܳɾʥ֮⸮ۡҲĺˡ
ǡո
ƣԺյҴڣˣոҲϺŵģΪܵԵʣѾִʥԺʥԺеһʥҲʥһռĵλҲٴҹҲкܶҪ
ովżҶһ˿ţǼҶһ۾ܿĸ֣еĸɵʿ
ҲֻռңŻЩǰЧ
Щ΢Уֵһᣬ˵΢ͼӣҲǹȪһĸ֣δؾͱЩ˲
΢Ҫǰʱոȴ߳ˣΪ׵һˣһӣſڵļҶٷ˺ٹүơ
ˣ̵λŮ
˿Ѿҹʮ𹩷ֻǹȪһΪҲԶʱΣΪǾͨĸ֣濴ǹޡ
˿˵꣬ǰ
еȻˣȻŮҲֻơԷȻҲΪȣӣҲϳԭ㣬ôû
ӱϾЩס̲ס蹫Ӱˣǹ蹫ӾǺˣ
ʲôλӻ⣬Ҳɫһ䣬ˣұǹ蹫Ϊβ벻ȻУҵý
˵꣬Ҫȥټոеĸ֣ӵȷǲ֪Ҹ֪蹫°顣
ʱ΢ڵģֻҪ֪ǹ蹫ںδȥȻɡ
ûڣԱӱһм㣿ʲô֪蹫ʲô˾͸ſڿӣˡ
֮ɫ
ķˣλҲǿȥǱȻǾļˣô˵ܲ壬Ҳʡ
ȴ˿û˵ıʵ蹫ˣռҲֱӺ˺ƤЩ˲֪ߵغĸǣǺǣӣ˵˵Ķô
⡭ҲΪΣȻԼҷԣҲ˵ʲôֻǵ΢֮˲ʱ׻Ȼǵɴ˫۴
״Ȼע⵽˼죬ӦҵĵǷͼüͷһ欣ôϵˣ˭ĸģ
ѾǴŲ
λĿ㵣̲סʱ΢ʲôһЦ˵ô죬ԭ欣ʮǰ
ǣǣʱӦæ˵ȻȻһ˿Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
꣬欺˫ʥԺѧӣ΢ʱ򣬻欣ʱ΢˫ʫûһξʮȥˡ
ʮʱ䣬˫ѾɳʥԺʥռͬʥλȴֻǼ˸ȻҲǽʳٻ󣬵˫ȴûӱȵġ
Ȼ˿̵ѾǵǸŮ˿ҪԼǳΪռҵˣȻҲһЩϢԴ֪΢֮ǰɹ٣ǵǶɳɵ֮λϴ˫أ˻ɽҽ·Ρ
ֻɹپ磬֪ɵ۵絽ʲôز
Ҳ΢ǡ΢˽áסûе΢ݣԥֻǼΪһû뵽˻ǵռСŮ
΢һЦûӦ𣬶ʵҹˣǱǹ蹫°ߣұ㲻ܲܣ欣֪蹫ģҡ
ձֻ֣΢˵Ҳ̫ȻòףĪңλȻô
΢ǽһǲˬ㡣
ǰСӣҲ˭жԶԶҿ㣬Ҷ㲻


һǧһʮ 
ȱ欵ķҲһңһķ⽮ϸǳһĸ֡ˣҲûʸռҽףҪ˵͵λռռţʥѾʥһᲢۡ
ΪԼҲһһ׼ңԺǼΪģ壬ҲʲôȻ׶飬ҲһΪûһ˵ӣƷĿԣһԲϱ֡
ƽﲻҲˣռҲ˵ʲôһտ˵꣬款ɫһ䣬һ̣üͷһ壬ǰ˦ִԼҷһơ
žһ
ȻˣûعǱ߼İռҵŮӷӦÿ죬һƣǴķлҪ֪ղĿɵۣɵ۲ҲѺն̨οһˡ
΢û˵ǼҲ΢˿Щʲô
欴Լҷ֮󣬼æ΢ҷȽոԻˡ
΢û˵ǷȻѾǱŭˣº欣ҴңˣֱˣҵҪʣռԳŵڣôµģˣԼҷȻǸ첲ա
⺫ȱףɫףۿѾˮԼѡˣ⺫ȸǽѧҲˣȻ֣ոԼϣԼҷɡ
Ҫ֪΢ǵɵۣʥ˶йݴ˿κԽľٶΪ
ʱ΢ҡͷ޷ξˣ²Ϊ
һ²Ϊ˵һ΢׷Ҳ˿ȻҪ˵ǷԸԵļҶ˻ȥԼҶȻ⣬ԼСĻҲҲٹүܲ⣬˵ռңôôһĶү
һ־ܿ˵£款ȻҲ֪ǹ蹫ںδ
ӼоȻиְݷߣǹ蹫˵Ͻ֮أ˵ͷܴˣ죬֪Ȼ°߾ҼȻ֪Ͳ֮Ͳ˴欺˵΢֪˵ʵ⣬Եͷ㣬Ϣұ֪ˡ
΢˦֣ȥһ欽ס˵Щ̧ͷʱſѾӰ١
һ˲䣬ʧ䣬΢ҲǼΪ棬İֻ̾ʱɣ֪ԼԲ΢ҲѡԼټ΢֪Լ˺εȵĻԵ
ʮ꣬ԼѾǵǰഺһˣ΢Ȼ͵ޱ仯ˣ˫ҲӦһɡ
Լҷûͷ꣬ԺѾǳʧԭΪ⼸ıȴû뵽ͽ޹뵽ҲȥҺȣǻصԼ鷿һݣҧдһ顣
ҪúȣԼݵ
Ѻ֮һĽҲ֤һ죬ʱɾˣ롣
ȻҲû֮ǰ˵ĻշеĹܼңöԷȥ̽蹫ӵ䡣
ѧҿԼѧ΢йϵһ;Բܳ£һָои̣Ҫ¡
˵ߣȴ˿ҲˣռҵļҶȻλүҲĵԷ֣Ҳ뿪ˡ
ȴ˿ɫһɷҲûȥ欣Ƿ뿪ҶֻȥͨԼС㡣ոȿ첽Уһ·ߵһΪƫƧСլԺУȻ¿Ȼ˦һŹֵľľϷ֨֨Ĺ죬ȻǰլԺľϣһ̣Ȼǳһصľš
Ŷ룬ȽԺӵУˣȹһЦӣҵһˣô
˵һĸߴ󣬴ȴǼΪˣһϽ֮ˣϻŹŹֵ·ϴΣһ˫۾·Ŀη
ȼˣҲЦݣ蹫ӣˣ£ҼŮ˾Ȼ͵ӣ첲գˣҳڡ
ԭԺ֮˱ǹ蹫ӡ
˹蹫֮⣬ﻹмߴϽʿߣһǿޱȣẫȣ͸ŨŨĲмͰ
Ǹ蹫ӶԺȺ飬Ȼ˷һ裬һˣðȻǿԻûɸŮٻӰȻʲôöȴԴ˲Ǹðæȡһں£һ㡣
ӣαΪŮ˵ջռŮˣ˦˾ǣ㲻ǿǸѾ㽫ںţʲôʱȥƷԡ蹫һаЦݣһҲ̾һҪȥ蹫ӽסˣҰŪˣӦǵ飬Ҳöְɣ


һǧһʮ һƽ
һЩΪѵ蹫ӣҪǶŪռҵĹүռʲôöǴ˵˵Ҽš
ӣŪȥǹ蹫ɫһ䣬ȻˣСҾԼˣ˵ʵһŴϵһκĸԸΪȥ
һǼˣæ蹫ӣлú˵Ȼ֪ҪʲôںδȴҲʲôûջ֪ռһ⣬ʱҿԴȥνȥŪĶֻܿԼˡ
á蹫ӵͷ¶Цݣӣ۹ⲻϵǸŮӵǴӦ㣬罫ժˣҪ֪ΪŪŮӣҲǷ˲ŮйﱣϾȻ¹ӡ϶ʲôģտЩ鷳ɨ壬ҪһҲ졣
ʲôͨ˼ҵĹŮҲ֣רΪ欣Ҹ˻ȥ˵û˵꣬Ǳ߹蹫һ㶣˭
ϵЩ¼ˣˣͷǸˣˣ˵ˣ蹫ӣھȥˣ֮ʹȥռұ⡣ѾЩͣȻ֪蹫ӸȵĲˮдŴҩ˺ＱҲΪǲԵʡ
һ£㻹ȽռұλøұȽףԼͿȥң㻹굽蹫ЦһҲûϸ룬ľԣ˿ȡһĵͼԷҪҴҵĸݣһ蹫һ֣ԱһͻȻſѪڣһھͽȰҧ̳ǣ⺫ȻûӦɥȪ
ϰʬڳ鴤ԺЩ׶Ĵ󺺶Ϊ̰Ŀӣƺ뿪硣
蹫ʱռҷͬһ㣬Ǳ룬ӲûʱͼֱȡҪĶ߽ģǰͷ˶õ͡
ʬʳ˰ɡ蹫˵꣬Щǰ̳ԣƬ֮䣬ϰʬҲûˡ
ߣҹȥ߽ȡ£ݵŮ˴ϣ뿪ڳʮǡ蹫ӷԸһһ׳ͷźȥˣ蹫ӣһڷ磬ʧ٣ȻǸȥոˡ
ǰߵݣ˿иŮǾʧ룬ŮֽűţˣҲܿһˣ˿ǿ־塣
ٺһЦǻиո̳ԺµѪ⣬ĨĨ죬ҪǰǱڴϵŮŵĻæ۾ϣҲûеȵʲô۾һȴǿѪ׳Ѿ֪٣һվڴǰڿԼ
ŮȻվڴǰ΢
˿΢֣ͷһᣬ˯ȥ
棬ġӶɫվ棬ĻãǸ𺳣û뵽΢ȻԴ֮ǰȵһķӦϿԷ⣬һ·ٹԽһ򾡣΢ǹ蹫ӣȻĿģӵȻҶԡ
ֻǶ΢Ӿη˵ղǸ׳ٶǰ벽һĸ֣֮ͿԽԼɱӸ֪΢ʲô˾͹һʧ٣ʣԶʧ٣Ҳܳˡ
΢ʩչܾȵ˯ȥȻ󽫼ĺӽԸǽңʱ
Ȼɻ󣬵ҲҲӣ΢ʲôǶʮþȣҲ¡
֮ǰոſڣǵ㷴Ӧ΢̫ʱ΢ͻ⺫⣬֮Ȼ⺫ȹȻǺ͹蹫ӹᡣΪûн蹫ӵҲһɱ΢ҪǾҪʲô
蹫ӵȻϽ΢֪Ͻ֮Ѿɳڲ
Լǻɵ֮λۼƣԺɵ۶ʢʱᲢۣϽ֮رȻҲ蹫ӵ˾ϽĶ֮һ
΢Ҫ˳ϣԴΪڣ׽Ͻ鷳
ո΢ҲǷһļ䣬ٴͬһ˵ѡǰȹһǾѣ¥ЦΪʻѡǰߣʧȥ΢Ľ
ʱ΢ֻһʣһڿԸ֮΢ҲȥȻһЩ˰ػһƽһҸ


һǧһʮ ߷
ռҴ˿Ѿҳһţ蹫ӵռұĵͼֱǿй룬ʿס˿ҲϾҪռҲĳطյн֣Ȼ̾ͻɳ˽١
Ϊι蹫ӵһҪȵõͼŸжټѰҵʱ䣬ǾŪҲӲȥ
˿̹蹫ӵѾǵõӳ˾˴˿̸ͷƲ֮ǽȻΪߣȻǷֹ蹫ӵ˵ټҪ׷ȥ
ʱһ˽ǽס⵱һһˣһ㶣æ
ƽӦʥԺеռרŵķΣտֱӴ߶ֱʥԺʥԺе̽ٽΧǽһ·ģȻܱˡҲֲÿԸӦ蹫ӵ˵ټ΢ܵͨԿԽ蹫ӵȫ׽ɱ
΢ҪĲЩҪԷҪʲô΢һƻҪ蹫ӴŶȫ뿪
ܰݼɵܴۡ˿Ҳ΢ΪסǺΪ֪΢ôȻɡ
ոǱߣڶռҵڶ˽ʱҲеǷǰ΢ܶڣһæ΢
΢˵ͷŤͷܣ߽ʲô
һ㶣뵽ʲôæġʥľ߽ģʥԭʥԺأġģֻҾլб档
ʥ΢һ㶣֪ܿ˵˭ˣǰɳһλʥͨĲ˫Ŷɻ֮ʶֻʥԪľ֮硣
ʥļλʥбʶǬɱ΢ʱҲˣʥϽ⼸λɳ˷ӡһԳƾɣ˵һƪķס˾һƬĺ߷ġ
ĪǾ߷ģ΢һ䣬ܼæͷûġʥͬԸΪ߽ģʹո⵱Уôˣû뵽ȡ
΢ͷ֪ôˣҲŲ³蹫ӵ˶ȡƪġ֮Ķ
΢ɷƬ֮䣬ʮ˽٣Щ˽֮һԣǶ΢йݴȻվһԡ
ֹһһλŮ˵ıҲǽ˽硣
ܣոһá΢ʱ˵һ䣬߼æͷɵҪ˽ĸۡôܾܾ
ٵŮ˫ո֮΢˫ǲ̽ո⣬Ȼ΢Ͻ飬Ҫ˵ʱ˭ϽϤǾֻ˫ˡ
˫䣬Ͻһһ֮΢ʣ֪蹫𣿡
˫ͷڣſھ͵蹫Ͻˣ˾֮ӣ˾Ϊʮ֮ڽ丸Ϊ˾
΢֮ǰѾ֪ϽɣȻ㲻ʲôĲ壬Ͻеλ⣬Ϊ嵱һһͳϽľΪǰѾԺͺ쾳⣬ҲΨһһϽ峼ġֻʱɳƴжԿɳ֮⣬ǲλǰԸһսŽɱҲ˵ǲ֮ɳֻǽӡΪŶɵת΢֪һ˵ʵģҷӡľʥľ߷ġ
һ֪ܶνʥ߷ĵԭʥԺУʵϲȻľ߷ģһֱϽĳ֮أѹͷӡ廹ϵˣ蹫ȡġľ߽ģʵϺܿΪҪų
һͿԽΪι蹫ӵ˻ᴦĻǣͨոһү£ΪǻûȥʥԺȥȡ߷ģʥġķģҲмǿƣǲ˶Σȡһݡ
ʱ䣬΢һֱûѯ˫Ͻ飬һ΢ʣ˫ȴг
˾Ѿָ͸ϽУϽڶ࣬˵ʱǸΪǰһͳϽѾûгֹϽһƲ壬һǶ壬Ѿͳϰٲ壬һɳѹɵС͢󣬹Ͻ͢ͳ˽һϽأϽҲǣѾмƻɵ۱²ּ⣬ⶾ˾ΪϽ˫˵꣬΢̾˫ͼ


һǧһʮ ˳
˫Ҫﶷ΢һ䣬˫̵ͷǣѾ̽Ͻ֮أڶ࣬һϹޣǿѹɵԳ֣ɳдˣ֪ɵ۲ѹϾϽ֮ػͨˣǿѹһʱ֮⣬֮󻹻ⲻϣͬѹ֮ϽҲһֱڶҵУΪϽôڲ֡
΢ζ˫ĸ߿һۣô̵ʱȻܽϽƶƻȡϽԹľѵʵܿɹ
ãּд˳ᢱá΢󽫹蹫ӵ˫ʲô뷨˫һҡͷ蹫ȡġľ߷ģҲԲܵģôȻôԵɣΪ˷ųӡϽһ֣ϽڶಿȻΣ϶ٴγھʱϽһͳɳҪϽ¸ϼˡ
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΢Ȼ֪һ㣬ǣΰѻ£ɺ¡
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һΣ΢һЦ˫˷㸺ں˳ᢣ¾ͽң˷Ůʦǰ䡣
⻰Ц˫ó΢ڶ΢죬ţȴۡ
Ȼ˫Ҳ֪¼ɣʱԶԣǲܵ飬΢ȴδ
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Ҫ˵ͳ΢ɵѾյɵۡ
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գֻܼ˫ʲô£Ҳͨ౾˫ʽȥ֮ٴ
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ƫԺûйأԿһɴվԺУֳһᶨţ˫һ۾ϳǵͬ次
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ŲҲ̧ͷȥ˫һ㶣ţܿȻȻǰ
Ů欣ʥһף˫æЦ欣겻˿һͬѡ
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Ůʮδ̸һ̸ֱ»ƻ裬δ˵Լ£̾˿Ҽ޴ˣ벻ǷȻǵ޲Ͼҷһ꣬Ӵ˶


һǧһʮһ 
ȵ飬˫Ҳ֪ȻǸп
ᵽȣͲò˵˫ͺ΢ΪλΪôһŮģ֪欵ѧ֮󣬲ɵñ˼䡣ѧҲǲ֮ԣòƷԶѾ֮ѡ޿ޡ
˫һֱ΢ΪҪԳ־ѵΪˣ˵˫ðһͷҪʲôر֮
ʱ˵ʥˡ
ܽ欼æ¹ռңܱ棬ձ㣬˲֪ٱ
氲á
ܵ˵ͷռһĲɳڣ͹ע˿˫
飬мɵܹۡ˵˫λ൱ȻҪͿܣ˫Ǻܾأʱ΢Լ
ʥɵҪչ˴ţʲôһΪ˫Ц
üͷһ壬̾˿ãұ˵ɵּҪϽ˾ΪϽ򲻿ɰ
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ܼæĵطȻνϽ֮زʺϰԴɵʧ֮Ͻˣ˵Ͻ֮شûй̫ƽӣǸ˾ȻԿɳΣԴﵽ񹲷ߵĵزĶͽʸһǷǼΪϽϽȻӻңʱ򡭡
˵ʱͻȻͣһ£ΪȻӦϽҶɳ˵ƺǻ£һ£ֻ֮ǰһʱ֮û뵽һ㡣
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ԳһЦȻŸǶȥ
˫֪Ͻ֮£ͬдһ׿ԴµĴʣд֮ǰҪҪʱ䣬һдɣɴΪ档
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ڴ֮ǰ΢С
ոʹס˼죬һʼƽ΢֪ԺҲ̫ˣԼİѾﵽޣƽһչԲƽˣܳΪˣ΢ҲãɶԷƺǹ»⣬Ը̫ݶڻʹС
֮΢ȥطֻǴ죬ط˻ʣﷱ࣬΢ҲൢԷʱ䡣
΢뿪ˣΪϽǱߵ˱仯΢Ҫȵ͹ˣǿƺЩ
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˴һصĵط˳ɵï֣ܵеľ٣ߴʮɣɵĶСֵеĵطܲеĵط죬󲿷ֶиЫޣһʿ߶ڴ档
ֲĵطϽ֮һɽ統УľӸߴ޸ͣϹ޳ûˡˣеʱҲᱻЩ̳ԡϽ֮صˣ۷˻ˣҪ׺
Ͻ֮زڶ֮࣬еĽˣеĵжԣ֮ǰͳһϽø峼֮⣬ʱϽڸԻս֮ǰ꣬һЩǿ˵ϽϵƣͬԿһɳ
ǰɳһϽٴζĴ˾һɳ΢ɵ۷ΪϽͳϽһ貿Ͻ͢ǼΪ
Ͻ͢ǵкܶаޣвɳѹ٣ۺϽ͢ǿ֮ǰҲֻ£ļû뵽ȻͻȻΪϽ
˿Ͻɽ統ڣһߴʮɣĳǽϽ֮غǰɳ֮ظм仹гǧ׶һɳԽϽ


һǧһʮ ɿڸ
˴Ͻ͢ĵ̣˿һΪֿ񣬵ִһɳɫĴУɫ
ˣ£һ˵Ĵ磬һ棬һǰѾǷˣʱΪ⽮ϽϽֻ˼ֻûԵΪ˫˫쾳ܲסջѳɳһЩϽֽΪֵܣϽ͢Ϊ
ڳ˶ǻһͬСɽһֵܣһѣһãΪߣϹѪ
ʱƢΪһ޴ʯͷҸ飬ŭƾʲôǼϽӵһǸʲô΢ɵʲôϽƾʲôλǷ⣬ҲӦ÷ǡ
˵֮䣬Ƴ죬ɱڣڴһЩϽҲŵľһҿԡ
磬ȱ𼱣ҿΰԱó˵ȻֳҪȺܶࡣ
ûҿ°˳ɳƣϽڸܡǰ棬ͷͿǰɳɹ٣͸ɳͻȻϽèֻҪɵһ۱֪
Ȼ֪ǼƣǲͰˣǼõڽʲôƨگˣȻʹ΢ɵһ죬ҾɳĹơԸŰЦȻϽͷ
ʱ佫ĿҲڵñʵʵɳƣҲпǼĹɳΣûп֮ǰǲҪĺá
֣˵ԱͷȻʮͬϼֵҲë
ʱͻȻæ˵⵽͵Ϯ
ʲôĴһǲȻŭ
ðð϶ǼɳҪӦ϶Ըǣȥ϶ԴšαǣɶߣγŨܵëͬһͷߵıӡ
ԱҲһŭɫ֮ǰûŪ״ҲǲɳļıڶļȻ͵Ϯ˵ȷͶһɳ
뵽һɳǿӦϣϽ͢Ƕ֡
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Ҫ֪֮ǰǻ˴۲ס壬о貿壬Ͻϵľ棬ֻŲ֮УɳˣǿΪһս֮Ҫ֪ϼֵܣ쾳һ֣ͬһɶǵĶ֡ж壬Ҳ쾳һ׵֣о貿壬Ȼֲ࣬貿Ϊǰֹ֮ףԺϽ壬ֻҪ嶼ģһɳԲ
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ȻļѾһɳᣬǾ貿أǶһټɳǶʤ㰡ͿǴӱ˴п֮ɫ
ȻлǾһΣʵͰǰ˺ԼǣѾʵͿ滹һ˵ֻһᡣ
ҪȿʲôΪζҪô̶ãȳȥҪϼֵ֮ǰ֮С
ԶϰѾǹԵһɱϽ߱͢˸ֲӦǱѾ˲֡
ͿʱպÿԷһͷɵֳһ̰ⴸֵܵһ
ȻԷӦǶûΪԱ߾мĸ֣Ƕϵá
˾ǰҪѯʣû˵ͱһʹͿΪֻǶ쾳ΪԼΪԵֵһ˭֪һ棬ΪԽϸߣǶıĿͱһҳ࣬ҲûѣһХĻɢ
һɱʣһ
˿ŵĿɿڴɱæӣһ㻳ҲǵȻ޴棬ֻ֪ģȻɱˣ޺ͽĿܡ
һˣҲȥ׷ֻǺٺһЦȻɱ˲ˣǶҲǱ˳𣬿Գˣߣ
˵꣬ȻǴˣϼֵһûиϴս˵ˣǱŭ
ǰݰֵܣǶıǾʦһû뵽ôˡ
壬Һûꡣϼֵƿڴ


һǧһʮ 貿
ȴ˵֮Ȼں棬ʱһһ˴չСˣѾɣ
˿˫Ŀûиղǰ׺ݱŰӣɵʼ͸һңǱ߾Խġ
Ȼɻ󣬡ˣǱ˾壬ǡ
ôֻ࣬±ɡһۣ¡
Ȼ΢Ǹɣ֮ǰ΢ͽ˫˫ǰ͸Ͻ֮أɣɳҲһˣǾ貿塢Ͻ͢ɳ̽룬˫ΪŮӣϸڰѿؼϣҪϽ⣬ͱֹµű󣬵Ҳڿˡ
˵ʵҲ⣬ϽȻڸܣˣֻҪϸ룬յ¶Ǿ貿塣
ԭ貿ϽźܸߣеС嶼ԸͶֻΪ貿Ŀǰûһ֮ܿˣٳһڵǿߣȻһӦһͳϽ
£ļϽ͢ĸҲֻоõ
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ԣŻԼĶӣ蹫ӣǰȥȡġľ߽ģΪҪ߽ģųӡľ
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ϽѾǴ꣬ϽٸССĲ廥಻֪Ȼ᳼ʱϽǾ貿Ϊ
飬пܳɹҲпʧܣ֮ǰβùϽ֮͢ǰǺ£һС廹Ѱ貿ıӻϽһңС֮ͻụ¼ɣΣʱ貿Ǹһв嶼῿
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ҶˣãǸˣûһ蹫ӱһ˽ȻڵϵףҲ߽Ĵ˻
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˵궼ԼʮĴ˼ۣȻŹеʵҶ˷ȥɻ˳
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ãҲļϽ͢ϼֵѾϽһƬңǺ¡ҲϽ蹫Ӳ⣺ϽҶʲôô
ô̫ˣϽ͢һϽһ飬ɽʱҲԽϽͳһǶЩĲͻͶϾϽǣԹʢɽѶᣬɽȡϽһңܵһʱ˵ĳһıӣ˵ǲҲ
蹫һҲéٿͷǸǶıң㿴ŵи򣬽ȻԳΪ֣Ӿ͵ǵǰ䣬ɱС
һЦȻ²˳٣׼գ֮󣬾ȥ棬ڴ֮ǰһЩ˾Ʒ׼ã嵱ļʥҲҪһһóʹãһ⿪ӡ¿ɳɡ


һǧһʮ һ
˿Ǹɾʮ㣬Ͻ⼸ԽԽңļϽ͢ϼֵָܻ˵Է壬ǺϽвַԷӦУҲв٣ֻΪһͻϽҲǱòΣСͻʱзʱķųȥ˵ϽңܿǸС壬˵ǰλʱϽķٲʢȥϽһͳʱĺô
̵棬֮󣬾ʥɽ֮ڵһʮвľսʿأϰͷأЩеǳ׵ľе߰ɵԳһЩвֵޣǿԻɽ뺣Ĵڡ
ʥɽһ޴֮ڣ˾һ˾£µվԱǹ蹫ӻʮĺĳϡУһ֪ʲôƳɵԲʯ̨ΪʣΪħдһƪģΪߡ
Ǿ߷ĵģҲġʥƪ߷ĵָ壬ʵǡġġģҲǡġа⣬ֻΪһķġ
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Ҳ˵ν⿪߷ĵķʵǾ߶˵ģʱ飬蹫ǲ֪ռе߷Ľĵġ
ʱǰһ棬ϺТ˳ﶼ˺Ϣ˵һƪ߷ĵġҶӹѾȡá
֮Բʯ̨ϵѷ쵱дһ
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⻰ĶҲǼѣһ£棬氡
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ܿ죬ѷ洫ڵڶֶʼƴĴ߶ط̴ӿһĹ⣬ͬһٻ뵽ʯ̨ϵѷ쵱С
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һǧһʮ Ͻ
ͻȻֵˣȻ΢һֱעϽ飬һʼΪд߽Ľ⿪ģȴû뵽Ȼˣһ΢ΪΣҪͨƿϽôУ
ȻԼ΢ʹ
߷ǿڵ΢ҲƿҼȻԿףֺαطҪ
΢һȡһֽʣȻֳʣд߽ġ
΢ΪѳֹܺٱǧʥҲֻһ΢һȣ΢Զܣдľ߽ģ϶Խ⿪֮
΢дٶȼ죬Ƭ̾ͽдãȻ˦ֶ뵽ѷ쵱С
ôôľԲ⣬һٶȴãһԱһҪǿ̫࣬ҾԿƿģЩТȻõĽģΪβңˣйҲͲˡ
˷ܣȻ΢дľ߽ĸģо԰ճƷġ
̣˶ֻĿţǱã˵ãֻܸżȻһ𺳾ͱˣʣǰͻȻͻȻסǵͷ
˭˱㲻֪ˡ
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ʱò˼飬벻׵ľǶˡһʼΪͻȻֵǾĵˣΪƻ鳹׽ǵ뷨߸
ûǵ߸׵ĵ߸˭뵽˾Ȼֳдһƪ£Ȼ˼ƺԽһƬ¾Ϳ
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ѵ˲ǵˣѣ
ɼȻѣΪҪԣԶ˲벻ס
ʱԲʯ̨ǳܲסȻըһ׵ĿӶðһϺɫĹ⣬γһĸߴʮһ߸ߵľ޺޺ǿиϸһȻǾ
޺նû̫ǿƣ֪֮ǰͳϽĳǿߣ
߳ϽΪǿߣĲϽȻó䷨ɾĶǿ
֮ǰѾǿֻԶԿ쾳ɣһĽɸǾĶ֡ˣҲܳưϽʵǲ
Ǽ᲻ɴݣκ˺Ծ˵ʲôѪ䷢ĵزһ˶ʱűնɱٴΣǻúúõģɱ˲һˣв֡󲻵ѣһɳɳλɳǰַŽϽܷӡ
֮ǰľӡ꣬ʵԲͣͲǰ϶Ǹһ¥һʡ
֮󣬿ǵ⣬ҲǼԼĴڣȻ쳤Хһ
һͬʱը죬Ͻ𶯣Ͻ鶼һ˲䱻ͷɣޱǿ߶ͷһݣɨ˿ѾƲĶ˾Ͻ͢ϼֵܺ涼һХ
Ͻ֮⣬һХ
˭ǿ᣿
ھʥɽѵǰλ
һɽڵϢΧһЩɳ̽ӣϽҵĲѾˣֻҪй۲ȴɡʱһХһ㶣漴ΪɵĿԶȻܷһХˣΪ֮ϵģȻ֪ϽӦòûȸֲŶԡ
Х󣬾緢Ҳʱһڶһɨüͷһ塣
֮ڣһϢͬ壬ȴһˣڿԼ
Ϊߣ۽Ҳߣ֮ǰڷ֮¶ֻ˵ã˿̿Ǳסãû²⣬ס˵ľǰˡ
Ǻˣ΢ԼԻﵱвûпͲ
΢ЦһɳĴɵ΢
ͫ˲һ
Ȼû뵽վԼǰľȻһɳɵۣó˾Ǹոս߽ĸԼˣǵöԷ
һ¾ҲЩʲôˣԼģôɳɵۣ


һǧһʮ һٰ
أɵˣһ䡣
ɵʧѾãҲ̽Ȼ㱻꣬㲻֪ܲ˿϶㣬Ӧ˵ҡ΢֪ԷװͿǹߣ׼һ΢λ¡
ԣҵȷ֪ˣ˲˵ϻˣ΢ɵΪ𴩣ǳʵ
΢شļΪɴࣺҪ㳼
Ҿ㻹䡣дſ΢ͷ֪ô˵Ҵ㣬Ϊֹ
˵꣬΢ֱӶ֣߶֮£΢̧һģһ޴ֱѹݺݵ
һʼмǵ꣬Ҳܺɵ۹УУǼλ쾳Ĵڣľ治¡˵ӡҲǱ꣬ΪԾԶԿ΢ɵۡ
ҵȷ˵㣬˵ǿᣬɱҲóս㶷һЦһ̧һȭȥΪɽԷӡ飬ȴû뵽һ͸о̩ɽѹһ㣬ȻûƵԷӡһ̣΢ɫӡֱȥһʮɳӣ涼Ϻõʯ̳ɵģӲޱȣ˿΢ӡºͶҲûʲô
һ֮Ѿ޴״ݻ٣ʱ΢Ҳȥ䣬ЩĸŵƨæӵԶû뿪ǹս
ҲϣϣԼҵԽ΢ܡ
˿̱΢һڵϣһ쾳֣ǲҲȻˣɾϾͬ죬ǹǶϽۣҲ˲ָͷһζУͰˣӬһڵϣȻԸ߰ľŭ
ɱ㡣
¡һѣǧɣȻαǣһΣһ࣬Ͷ㶼лɽ֮
̤棬ɲ֮Ѿǳ嵽΢ǰ̧һȭ
һȭЯˣչȭδΧΧǽѾȭ±飬쾳ɣ̾ͻᱻһȭɱ
΢޾ɫȷ˵С廹ҪǿһЩԱȴ廹ǲ
΢ξ֮У
ͬһȭ΢һȭͨûЯףȵ;ȭͷײһʱ˲䱬΢ұ˲貽ʯ㣬Ѿȫںһһ΢õĲײķ֮
֮Ѱֵܵģ
һұ۶ϣҲͬڵһ㣬ݺݴɳȥԽǧףײԶһɽ±ϡ
޴ֱӽɸߵɽײһ˲ͬѡ
ԶѾɵˣǿޱȣ޵еľȻһһܡ
΢ΣͰΣ⻹ǸϽ޵УһͳϽľ
˵Ѿ˹ȵס
̫ǿˡ
ǰ˵΢ɵ۵Ͼֻ˵֪Ҳֱ̫۵ĸܣһΣʶˣеĵȫɢͻȻӦһʵκһɳԿ
˼һ΢ɵǰԺɨѹϽˡ
λ滹ûаܣתһĳвʣ˵
ƺΪ֤ĻǸѾɽ嵱Уٴδһŭһ˳ƾʯɳնȥѾʮǱǾ
΢¹ɱ쾳ˣвղ°ףɱ
Ȼ΢ҲҪɱҪɱ¾ʲô΢ɿԽɱ
˿Ѿǵ˱ŭޣ˫Ŀ죬ԼȻô׾Ρ
ҲԣǣһΣǾɣͬһ㣬̤أʮⶼܸо𶯡֮һЩޣҳֻڶѨв
ٿϾ·һ㣬Ȼð趯ʱֱͬһй
Ǿ塣
΢һЦ߶壬ҲǱǵһ࣬Ҳ˶ѣӸͷϿ˾̫ࡣ
һ̾ٴȥ
Ƭ֮󣬾΢ߣڿܡ
ָ֮󣬾Ƭ̣֫նϣְܡ

ԶѾǹڵϣϿͷдʣҲ֪ڹ滹ǹ΢
ӸոյڣһٰܣԽԽ־ҲǱĥĲˣֻӲѣ˭ó΢Ķ֡
ִ򶷣Ҳˣ˿ͬǻ̿ޱȣľ֧޵еĴڣ˿ȴ˵򣬻˭Ϊ֪롣


һǧһʮ 購
ʥɽ˿ѾһƬǽ壬ﷶΧʮɽѾΪƽأҲͬĵһʯر˾޴ı仯
˿վѪŴеĶ־Ѿû֮ǰôᶨһ˿η塣
΢貽⣬һ
ϵļƿٻָһΣûóȻǰΪһ΢ϵѾ֮ǰȻͬ
˵֮ǰڶڣ΢չֳƣҪɱˡ
Ѿ˾ŴΣΪɵ۵ҲΪֹһΣܾ³ֻ΢žѹĶԷ͸˵֮ǰļУѾֶξɲ΢Ķ֣޷ƾУǿֵһоͰܱ
Ȼ΢ǹˣҲֻܳöԷʵ
ЧҲǺܺãε΢׻ܾŴΣǽ飬˿̵΢ھо޵еĴڡ
Ȼ޵еĴڣսǾ
ԾȻʼ˼·ҲΪ΢ҪŴλܶԷɱԭΪֻˣǿ߲Żῼǳ
Ҳ⣬ĳΪѾԵ壬֪Ψһ·Ҳ΢Ҫ˼Ǿǳĳûеڶ·ߡ
ͷһ𣬱ʰˣ¾Ҫѹȥѣ֮ǰɱУôһԿ΢ģԸԼɣվɹ֮ģΪ΢һнܣ޵ƣ֪κɶͽ͵ġ
ֻܳ΢ֳ㹻أҲѹԭ֮һ
ʱˣͨ͸ˣԼһж˼֮УܴӷĵҲ΢ɵ۵֮£ǶԷ˽ģԼǻ档
΢ǰһ֧żһ㡣
֮΢ɵͨŴλԼһʲôԥģ
ǿߣ裬һҫΪھ迴΢ɵ̫ǿˣԼԷҲͨ׽Ͻҵֿȫɱ
뵽еԥҲǵȻ޴棬ǻָԭͣȻϥ򵹣Ҿ裬Ը΢ɵۣжģ𡣡
΢Цˡ
ۣȻܿĳ⣬ʣԼ֮ǰЩ׼ûа׷ѣҪǣ΢֪ʲôһˣԷƸ߰ȴηǿߣֻҪԾԵ壬Ϳ޵еƣʱȰպܴ
Ҳ΢ؾͳϽΪ΢Ͻ⣬ʱԺֻҪɳƿ΢һ㣬ϽǻңƳһԷٿԱ֤Ͻǧ֮ڲҡ
ǧʱ䣬Կɳ뵽ӣͬϽ֮أʱϽ֮غɳͳطûκβͬ
õˮĥʯķҪʱ䣬ֻϽѾ¸ءľˣȻ΢Ż˼շ
շ˾Ͻ΢ͲٲˣھͳһϽǾ飬ԾֶͨΣҪԸϽ͢Ӧò󣬶ǶļϽ͢ϼֵܣֵ΢Գ֣ˣҪͳһϽҲĹ
Щ£ɳ㲻÷ķԽŲط
΢ɵ۱չ֮󣬳֮󷢲ɵּ⣬һǷȥ弪ϽķţڶǷ貿ΪϽϽٷһƷϢ𾪲ѣ˶֪֮ǰ⼪ΪϽ϶ֻΪϽڸֶܵΣַ֮ΪϽǸǸ˵ɳѾõĳֻҪֶκϽĵλ֪ϽһأѾȫɳͳ˭Ҳû뵽һ겻ʱ΢ɵ۾ͽΪֵϽ֮Ҫɳһһ䣬ֶʵ۷
΢ֶȻֹЩΪɵ۲һʱ䣬ѾɳָնʢǿһͼʩչֶͨΣ޽ͬСɳһ䵽
ʱ΢ڿԽעŵŶˣ˾ĸ󻼣뷨ӽ
Դӻ˷ͫ΢޷˷ͫҲֻܽ˷ͫȵ΢̤˾֮п˷ͫ˵걻ַӡӦܵشȻǧ꣬϶ûлظƣȻùʩ޼ķ⿪ӡ


һǧһʮ ϾҪ΢
΢ûüھŶˣһ벻鷢ˡ
֮ĵڶ괺ɳΪϽ֮ĵĸ£һλϾɽĵͯһͷţƮȻϾ
ϾλȻǹϵɵ棬ȻѾ겻֣û˵Ͼ뿪Ͼɽ˭֪ԵϾͨɣҲ˵ϾȻšϾҲûгֹȻһɳ𶯡
΢ԳӭλŵĵͯȴǵͯɫֳۣһͣǴţͨɫ䡣ɳɹţͯԸ͵棬΢ʱͯ΢ɵۣϾ룬ȥһϾɽ
ͯ˵꣬ɳɹٶĿɿڴҪ֪ϾѾ֪ûдκϢ˵ɵ۶ûϾֻһɾۼȻеľŶɡ
˵ѾܾûκεϾȻҪ΢Ҳȷ˾ȡ
˵ŶҲϾϾӡ
Ȼ΢ΪŶתһһɵۣϾܵϾĵͯҲܵ
ϾҪҺʱǰȥ΢ʱһ䣬ȻΪɵۣȻڶ࣬Ҳ֪ȥϾɽҪȥãȥʲô
ǵ̶ͯϾڹ΢ɵۣ벻Ҫʱ䡣
ˣ΢Ҳ˵ʲôʿԷ֪֪ϾԼȥʲô΢תһ룬ԷֻһͯҲ֪ȥ˿ʱʲôֱѯϾá
΢ǵͯԺƬ̣תº˫ȶǵͷ΢֮󣬲תǵͯˡ
˵ʩչ֮ţϣǵͯһţ˵֮һȻ鴫
ҲţǴţֱţһѾʧ١
΢ֻ֮Ƭ֮ܵϾɽϾɽΪʾ΢ǵͯͽɽȥ֮󣬱㿴һʮͨĵۡ
ǵͯ˿̳΢΢ɵԺҽȥ
΢ͷĿǵͯȥſڡϾɽɵʥأƽʱûϾٻκ˶⿿˵̤Ͼɽ
ȫĴڣҲһΥأϾǳԽһ˵Ĵڣɵ棬ǵһɾȫɾ֪ϾΪﵽʲôز΢ϾȻѾ̤˾ˡ
ǾŶɣҲֻϾʱϾʱ򣬸ûлϾ
Դ˿΢վ⿴ͨͨȴǵʥصĵۣлЩġ
ͯȥ֮󣬺ܾöûг΢һʱǵͯһǸ߳Ȼ΢ɵ۾õȣϾں浤Ƶҩɵ۽Եȡ
Ͼ˽֪飬΢ȻʲôףǸǵ߽ۣͯȻһš
ͯ˵˼仰ˣһΣ΢Ȼǵʱ
Ծ΢ܵĸоЩԣǵϾټô˵ҲӦ׼Լôʱ䡣
΢̲סʱͯ˽һɲ裬ͬʱϾһ¯Щ鷳ԵһЩʱ䣬΢ɵԵƬ̡
ϣ΢ţҲǾԼ̫УϾɽκ˶ΣϾƭԼǿǵϾҪԼֺαֶΣ΢ţԼͨҲԲǵϾĶ֡
ŶϾȵŶΪҲӦϾʱʮŶɼһϾһ֮С
Ϊˣ΢ŸоԼˡ
뵽ԼΪɵۣҲһʱɳѾ죬ԼڣɳҲңԶһͶһ˵ȼʱٵȼҲ޷棬֪ɵŶϾԼܵõϾټѾ൱ѵˡ
΢ҲǷеĵǣƷ
ô˵΢лЩƺǱʶΪʲô鷢һɼ΢һЩ֮һ㣬ǸӦκζ
Ӧû£΢ȵʱԽֲĸоԽǿҡ
ʱҴңһȥ΢ȻѾ߸ʱˣʱ΢ͻȻɫ䡣һ΢һȻһ̤ʩչ֮Ȼ̤ŷض
ȵ΢̤ŻȥһɫǱļΪѿ˿΢ǰﻹʲôţ˵ţҲһǵȻ޴档


һǧһʮ ʧ
΢սУţΪǰһĻ̫˼飬ǰһƬյǿտյݲˡ
΢ʶ㣬Ҳû˵飬սУҲиǳ߱ɵܺ飬ˣҲӦûƬ£еĸƬݱ˻飬ƬֹһЩһƬҪĴĸǳҪ޴
ǰʲôûС
Ϊˣ΢Ż𾪣֮ǵģһɳͳ֮أսһ鸡սΪ֮أˡ磬ɽ绹־죬ǵһɾȫɾ֣Ҫ鶫ݶ
Ϊʲôݻʧ
΢ãһʼ𾪺Ͷѵĵǣܿ΢ͻָƽʼ˼¡
΢֪ԼٵҲı䲻۾ʵݵȷʧҾǷԼ뿪߸ʱ֮ڣҪ˵ܻٵ޴ޱȵĶݣ΢һţҲΪ˿һ»鶫أ϶Ƭڵһ㶼ûСԴֱͨӡȡߡ
뵽΢ͷһ
ȡߣ
ûֻֿˣǾʲôܽԽĶȻȡߣ΢֪У˿һ㣬΢ǼˣҲ
ɵȷȡ˶ݣƯںеһľôд⣬΢֪ǴôһˣԼڶԷϡ
΢ܷβܣ΢뵽һ㣬ԼڶʧʱպܵϾټ¾Բɺϡ
Ͼڹ⽫Լߣ΢֪Ҫʲôˡ
ţ𣡡΢ٳţһ̣ѾǻصϾɽһΣ΢ѾѭɵˣϾɣ΢һʸ
ǸӵĵۣһΣڵſڣһϵʿ
ϵʿأڲΪףΪ࣬׷ƮȻɷ磬ֳһ˫Ŀպϣô
˿ܻΪǵϾ΢֪ԷǵϾϾҪǿ
΢ϵʿ۾΢΢һЦ΢ֺο
΢üͷһ壬иףϾȻǹ⽫ԼӶȻȡ߶ݡ
΢һ΢Ҫ°ݼϾϾһ
ʮϾɽڣ˵Ͼɽκһ˶õ΢
ſϵʿҡͷϾ㣬߰ɡ
΢ҲҡͷһΣϾңҲҪϾҽȥԼȥ
˵ﴳϵʿһһ΢ҲϾ
ʱ΢Ѿ˵ǰϵʿǴһӣһɳϯ֮˲ǧ֮⣬ϾɽŨܵƺһΪʣϵʿ쾳ɵˡ
˵սʲôطΪأǵϾɽ˵ʲôط쾳֣˶֮⣬ҲֻϾɽ
ϵʿȻǵϾӦҲϾӣΪﵽ쾳Ҳǰ΢쾳ֻӣԴں֮Ӱ޳ɴ壬ӵ˷ͫ΢Ѿк쾳ֶԿıǮ֮Ҳ쾳ͬ΢Ӷݡ
ǰλϵʿԲᲢ۵ģ쾳ʱж̣Ϊȹ̣ϵʿǧϣΪȹܱ̾ȣһɨ΢Ҳ֮ܵ
Ҫ΢ȥҲԲܡ
˵ֻϾµһϵʿϾ˵ף΢ҲԲưոݡ
ĪʧѾǴ΢ĵߣΪ֮ϣǣҵˣѣ֮ô֮һΣ΢Ǵƴˣ΢㶼㣬߶壬һǿˣȻ˵ҲϾ΢գ㲻ˣÿ
˵꣬΢һȭ
һȭ̺޵⣬Ҳǰ΢Ƽˣһȭ֣ϵʿһҲɫأǵ纣Ҫס΢һȭܿ죬ϵʿȲһֻ֣˫ֵֵγ̫ͼ֮Ż΢һȭˣ΢һȭȭֻһ㣬ҲԽϾɽ顣
΢㲻ҪϾôΪãĪ֪ġϵʿҲû뵽΢ôæȰʱ۶Է˵ʲô΢ֻ֪ࡣ
ֻ֪ݣȥˣ


һǧһʮ Ͼһ
ϵʿȻҲͬޣΪ֮쾳Ҳָһĸ֣˵ʵڵ΢ҪӮϵʿѶȻǺܴģ˷ͫʤҲɡ
΢ûѡҪŪʲô飬֪УҲҪϾۣȥϾô¡
ʹϾ֮ǰ⽫ٵľٶ΢ͿԶ϶Ͼ֪ͻȻʧԭǶԷѡܶһ֡顯˼΢ɵ۷壬΢ҪµԵɡ
Ǻ͵ΪС
΢Ȼ㲻֪ôǱݹϵȫˡϵʿɫһ㶣˦ɨз
ǳŲƣһԺɨյɨǱ޿ɱܣ΢ֻܴ߶壬˫ۻǰסһ·ɨ
ֻһ£΢ͱ֮⣬ϾɽյУײ˼ƯеС͸
˲䣬ϵʿ͵΢ǰִ̧һ貽⣬⻯һȭٴν΢˳ȥ
ˣǺ쾳ϵʿ֮£飬΢ĴϣҲǳһЩ˺ۣҲ˶ѣ΢ħ涼κβãϵʿȻѾ쾳۷壬Ȳˣ˲΢
ϵʿȷΪ΢ֺͶԷضʮУ֪ôȥУǴ߶˷ͫ
˷ͫӳ֣΢ϵʿΪѹ΢ϵʿΪɱˣֻΪ˻΢΢֪Ѷˡ
΢ˡ
ʱ΢òѹ׵ֶˣҧָ¡
˲䣬ѪؾŶ΢ǰֻؾŶֻ߶ӵʵΣӰȻΪ΢ûнеؾŶȫȫԵʡ
ˣؾŶһ΢ٶһΡ
ǱϵʿһҲɫΪصǵؾŶãȻǵأǱϵһ
˵ֲ꣬Ƶ۵渲һɹ⣬ǵۣϵĺͷ˿Ҳ·𱻶ƽһ㣬ֳ֮ɫ
΢ʱҲֻȫԸʦʣһֻ˵ؾŶķؾŶԻϣÿһϣͨЧãһžŰʮһֱ仯˹ɱءá;
ϵʿȻ΢ûҪɱ΢˼΢ҲܶɱһΣ΢Ҫ֮ϵʿס
ֻƬ̣΢ͿԽϾɽۡ
ܲסԷ΢ɣŶõؾŶԷסһˣ˿Ҫס쾳۷ϵʿⲻ
Ψһǣ΢ȱǢ鶦ŶȫԷӵؾŶƣ΢ȱʧ⻹΢ҪʦıԵճǢ鶦ӡ
ǿ֮סϵʿ
һ⣬ǾҪʱ仭ǷȱĵؾŶ΢ͷһת뵽ӡ
Ϊ˾壬΢̵š΢ʱ˵
ϵʿЦЦ岻ҵϵųӣϸ˵ϵҪһʦ֡
ӣ
΢ȻϵŶʱ˵ϾһŵӣҪʱҪһɾȫɾ̫ĸ󼧺;ŶɣˣҲ֮ǰϹˡ
ûʦָľͬϾ̵ԲŻΪ쾳۷֣˵ѾսУϾ֮Ϊһˡ
ǵɵۣҲû쾳۷Ϊ
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һֻû˵꣬΢Ѿ͵͵ǷȱؾŶһһȥ
˲䣬Ŷʧһ̣ѾǽǳΧм䣬ߴһӦ΢Ѿɡ
Ǭ΢һȻ󿴶ӣֱӼţ˲䵽Ͼۡ
ΪٸߣʱҲ޷΢ʱǿϾۡ
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һţ棬ԿԺӵһôԱһᣬʱͻȻһӡ΢ؿڣ΢ֵʱѾơ
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΢ܵһּΪصһڣ΢ȻǸобʴļ
һ΢Ѿǳһͷ亹Ϊʲôˡ
ʴ֮


һǧһʮһ ˽
΢Ӧʱ򣬼æϢ΢֪ʴ֮ΪԵ㲻ҲͨƤ壬Ŷɾô˵󲻵Ѷ䡣˿Χʴ֮Ũ֮ߣȵŶĻҪöࡣ
ֻһ˲䣬΢͸оԼΪڱٸʴ΢֪֪ͷԸ̽Χϥ£ʼ뷨ӦµΣ
Ϊ΢Ѿй飬֪ʴ֮޷ѹƵģմȾ˾մȾˣҪȫųǲܵģﵽʴ֮£Ҳųȥ
΢ֻһߣǾ뷨Ӧʴ֮
Һã΢֮ǰʴ֮ѾǺо飬˷ͫ˿΢ͷ֮ſ˷ͫʴ֮ͬʱкѾڵʴ֮
Ҳҿ˷ͫ͵һˮ֮ץһ鸡壬Ȼ⸡廹޷ΣգٿԵס
ֻҪܵסǾ㹻ˡ
Ȼˣʹⲻõģ˿΢ͷ·̴һ㣬Ǳ֮ٻգʹĸоֱܡ
΢־ᶨ˿ǰڳһƣõؾŶ֮ͨͨģܿ࣬Ҳ̨ܱ
ʱȥ
һ죬죡
һʼʹӦͬʱ˷ͫ壬Ҳҿ΢壬϶ΪһˣסҲԱס΢ֻһ¾Ϳԡ
˿˷ͫһƬʽ⣬Χʴ֮΢ϣԭʴ֮ʴ˺ۣЩطɼͬһǣҲ΢ǿᣬͬˣ类ʴӶʣˡ
ʱ΢ϢͻȻǣһȻǽʴ֮ĶԿںϵУɵΪͻƵ˺쾳
Ҫ֪΢֮ǰȻѾ쾳۷壬ҪͻƵ쾳Ҫһʱ۲ſԣҲ΢ɵ֣Ҫ죬ûǧ붼룬һÿ츳ʺͻһܳɹ
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΢ھھ̣û壬û˷ͫ΢߹̡
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֮ǰԼʩչõؾŶѾϾһȫصԼڣϾʱ˵Ļ΢¡
ʲôʱΪҶ֮¡
Ͼԭ
Ⱦͬ΢֮ǰԤϵģϾȷ֪ټͻȻʧԵɣԴ˻ɻ
΢ţõϾɻģʲô£һԼΪﵽʲôܸ֮Լ
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ܿ죬΢ҡͷԼǵЩԶˣԼֻɵ쾳д˷ͫԼˡϾԼһƴӦòΪҪԼԵϾͨɱԼ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ϾԼĵϸ֪Լʴ֮£ԲŽԼŪط
ϾԼȥ˽ⶫ֮ʱҲ˵ֻдﵽ֮󣬲зӽ顣뵽΢ҲéٿϾ⣬Ͼûе˵΢Ҳֻܲ²⡣
ܾܿ˽磬ҼΪƫƧ΢طһ¾Ȼûκ˷΢Ҳҿˣ΢ֻ˾ˣ֮ǰõֵʴ֮Ƕ֣
ڣ΢ˣҲδӮ֪˾Ҳиߵ֣֮΢СĽ
ֻҲһֱԭأ΢ͷһЩɰ˿˽еɰʵҪӼӲͺأֱͬɰһ㡣
˿΢ҪȴԼ˫žȻڿա
ף˴֮䷨ǿɷЧҪۿۡ


һǧһʮ ˶
˽ʱԽ΢Խ֪Ŀ֮̽˵죬΢Ҳ߳ȥǧ֮⣬Ȼû߳ɳ֮أʱ΢ɳֲĿԴɢһĻɳͬɽһɱˡ
΢Ҳǿֵ߶ڱܷɽ֮ܶȥ
˵죬΢˶
ԶһѾɿݵĺӴ֮ڣʮ΢ԶԿλ˾ɱ
˵ذ΢֪ΣգֻʩչһɳȻһ˿ȥȥ˵ֶͨΡ
ˣһӦۼףģ죬צӷԿȰԴͬ棬ɣжϹޣһͷߣͬһʮ꣬ҪӿΣǳֳһ߶೤˫нħƣмӡһһ쵽˻Ҫ
Ҳ˵ȥޱȵѹ˴
Ҳ΢ȵĵĻħ滹ҪһЩ
˶Ҳ΢δδţƽĶۣ΢Ǻǵκһϣ¶Ƕ֣ԷҪ΢Ҳ£˽ع̫ǿѹ΢Ϊ΢㲻Ƕ֣ҲԴߡ
͵͵һǸƺͲ΢ɳ˿˦ִһָɾֱӽ΢ɳ顣
ϣȻ͵һ䣬΢ҲƽϣջȻ̾ߡ
Ǵǵģ΢Ųȥ˻ˮ΢Ҳû˻ˮʸ
΢ҪģǾΪɵΪ쾳Ȼ뷨Ӳ˾硣
ֻҪͻƵ˾磬ʸ˽档
΢ǲܷУ̫磬ʩչسɴ̤ʵص·ǰȫ
Ƭ̣΢ͣΪǰ棬Ȼڶ
һβڻսʮ΢춯̧ȥԿɳ̵׵磬иÿһ׽ɱ쾳𣬶ĳֱգߴɡ
΢ǲȥۏˮƵУȻ˽ҲǴΣ΢еҪ
֮ǰ΢һ⣬Ǿ˽統Уǲֻˡ
𰸺ܿͽˡ
΢һȺ˵ˣһȺϡ΢˵ģԼôƺԼ΢ʱǺȻĽͬ˵΢һˡ
Щ˽еġˡ
Ϊ
У˾֮£ʿǲͨˣֻߣͳͳ֮Ϊˣϡ
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ЩԳϵ˵УȻˣʵȴˣмʵѾ쾳޼
΢ϸЩǳ˽磬Сʴ֮Ϊǿ󣬿ȺޣһЩлѧһЩ˾ŵеͨȵ϶Щ˲
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˿ҹȺһܷ֮𣬿һЩ˽еҰޣ׳Ĵߣһ˶ߵҰһ˱ǡ΢ѾҪʳǵ˽磬΢緢ԼȻЩʴ֮΢ҲֻʱӦȻ壬˽عʮ⣬ÿʳſɱ״̬
ڹȥʱ΢ҲǳһЩŵһЩЩЧò󣬴˿̼ƵޣӸǼ͡
ʱǱһģ毺ãƤŮһ迾ķ΢ǰ΢ɨһ̷ۣЩ̺Ϊ֮ƺǽʴ֮֮Ĳ
ȡһҧһڣֻоů󣬲˲֮΢оԼ֮ǰܵҲָǺöǴԴ
ʱһͻȻ£Χġϡһͷʲô£̹£ͷڵϡ
ֻ΢⣬Աһ˼æק΢½ǣ΢֪Է˼ҪԼҲһ£΢Ȼ£һ̣һ⵱߳һˣʵץһ죬ɽһɫ߳
ߣǼЩгʳʡȥˡֱ߳ܣﻹһͷҰǽִ࣬˱ǡ
ʱע⵽΢üͷһ壺ϣ˱ˣΪβ򣿡


һǧһʮ 鶦
Էһڣ΢֪֮ǰЩΪҪˡѾϰߣһ̹£֮ǰѾ˼רſôһͷҰʵϲǸԼ׼ģǵɹƷ
¿϶û˲Żôʵϣ˸ոԼ½ǵǸŮ֮⣬˴ʼնûѹһ䣬ֳ֮Լ
ò˵Щ˺մ֮ǰĳҲֻ֮µȨ֮ƶѡ΢ЦֻЩעǴˡ
΢ȻˣһЩΪȻǲУ֮ǰ΢Ѿ˾Ļ֣һΪĴ󾳽磬Ϊǳ쾳ÿһ磬гڡڡں۷֮
ħ棬΢Ӧþǳڵ˸֣Ҳ˵΢ڵͨ˷ͫԶԿǳڵˣǳڣ΢ͲǶˡ
ǰȥţˣʵϻħ棬ӦҲֻǳڵˡ
Ȼˣ΢ûɾ£ο΢ɵΪҲͻƵ쾳ֶΣƴɱδصвǰɽ
Ȼ΢ǹ£϶ͻ΢£֪һȻһս
Ȼˣ΢Ҳö˵ͷԡ
ʱ޷ѾǶĹǺ˿һ⣬ʮȻƬ֮ͱ΢£һӦһɱ
ɽ΢һֻͷԣŭǰһҪ֣ʱԶͻȻһХһɣͬһֱĹҹա
ɽһ㶣ɫһ䣬ȻϵǱټӵźţԸ΢Ƿ𣬻һӹȥ
ɽһߣΧ˶мԴһЩźźûн΢ɱ
΢Ҳ΢΢˿ȻǳڵˣҲնɱҲƾУܲȻá
΢ޱƣԴ˿ɨΧˣЩҲ΢֮ǰİϷǼһһʵ쾳ɵ׳ǣǾΣ㶫һǸոս˽Ĳ񣬲˭ûһ˾Ϳɱ㣬Ϊûпɽʵ㣬ҲгѨģǵ֯Ѩʮ򣬵ɱҲкܶ࣬Ҫ˽棬ǲܵģ󻹵ͶѨʶȤڹ¿ļͷǱ͹һܻ졣
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ȻǽˣֻԵ԰ĳɣȻҪ˽ȷҪһɽ˵ġѨ
΢ʲôѨĿٶҪ޳ȻǶνѨмһˡ
ЩԳơϡˣǴӳΪϿʼ͵ԼϾͨ˵ĵ·΢ȻˣȴľҪûֱǰľǻţҲȷͬһ㣬һΪϣһӶϡ
ͻȻԼ΢˺ܿܿɱʱֵı΢˾Ϳͷµʱֱֵ⡣
ɱǣ΢˷
΢һð˲䣬ȻǸӦѰõ鶦Ϣ
ս磬΢˵ұÿһ䣬ҲؾŶڣһ鶦һǢʱ΢ͻؾŶѾս磬˿Ȼˣ벻˽磬ȻǸӦ鶦Ϣ鶦Ϣ΢Ҫǿ̫࣬ٱĵؾŶǿʮֹ
Ȼ鶦˽Ҳ
ոɽХ֮뿪Ҳһйأ֮΢Ȼ鶦ټǱȻҪ
΢иоֻҪ鶦Ϊ̾ͿԽ쾳ɾɵ۷塣
ʱ򣬶ԿǳڵҲпܣֶնɱǳڵˣԺɽֱն˱ɡ
΢ҲЩԸʶϣҪת뿪ʱ֮ǰԼʳԼ½ԼǸŮͻȻ߳һߡ
һҪǰŮٶȺܿ죬ߵ΢󣬴Ŀ⿴΢
㲻ܴߡΧΧ˹΢ΧסͷǸ׳ʯ˿ȡѷ·צķǧѩˣٹձ֮գҪߣߵȥγǧټҪĪΪ֪ӣһˣ뿪ѨӵߣҲһ죬ֺαˣ֪ѶˣΪˣһֱסѨΪڷ꣬ʳǣʲôã


һǧһʮ ǧѩ
ʯһ˵һ߿΢ŨŨм֪ļһ鷳ղҲˣѨŮˣҴұ֤
΢ʲôȻ˵ģʲôѨ΢ʲô˲𣬶ԳϣøһȣⲻǷʲô
ǹʯһֻۣǶҪԼ뿪Ůӣһ䣺Ҫߣ
ŮȻ֣Ǽᶨĵ˵ͷ
Уɡ΢˵꣬Զⷽȥ鶦ڣ΢ȻҪȥΪͬŮӸԼһ΢ҪһϤ˽򵼣һŮ֮ǰľٶ
ʳ½ǣЩٶ˵ŮǾ֮ˣеʶȻˣҲ޷ȡ衣
ǧѩҲǼæϣμȻѾ˾ǾͲٸġ죬ϾҪȥһȥҪ뿪ѨͲˣԽΨһĻᣬǰ˲õѡҲҪһ
Ѩ޸ǸɱԼĸĶħԸðΣգ˾һҲ׼ˡ
Ժǧѩߵĺԥ
ʯһ⻹˵ãúǧѩôˣ棬ǻȥԺҲûùӣ϶
¹ʯ߼ͬһǼǸСӣСһǧѩҲˡ
ԱһЩԥϴǲСӵĶְһ
һƨŪ˺ǧѩмԴĺˣ֮ǰɱ֮ǰҲûгȫΪҹʯģߵʱҼ֣һķ֮ǰûãҾⷨСɱ
ʯԱߵͬһǴϲֻɻȻʯķΪ֮ǰûá
£ʯ治˵ΪȷзǷֻһΣҲģֻΣͷá
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΢Щ׷ҲЩ죬֮ǰѾֽѵ⼸ˣӦ֪ԼĶ֣Ȼ׷
ǷɵˣǾ̡
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һ׹ֳǳɫ֮Ժɱɵ۷쾳ĸ֣΢ëֱ֪ľ˼ķҲ֪ʯεõġɫ΢΢̸оԼбļ󣬴Ҳֻǵͬ۷壬ǻ޷ֵһɫߡ
鼱֮£˲䣬΢ԥſ˷ͫ
˲䣬˷ͫļӳ֮£΢ǿһͬʱ΢Ҳױ鲼壬ǳɫߡ
˿ȥɫ׹Ľ̵˫Ŀۣԭ΢ˣһ̣΢ͷһͫ⣬ӿֵ֣ɫߡ
ûõģⷨͣ֮ܵ㻹ǹԹúáǱ߹ʯЦ
ɫȻǿ޷ɱ΢˫ֲʱľƷȻǳܲסͻȻǲһױ顣
һ飬ɫɢ٣΢ҲûȻȥΪǱ
ʯ˳ɵȻŶԷȻֵסⷨĹɱһ̣ʯӦ̾ӣȻ֪ʲô£ȻԷȻԵֵסⷨĳɫߣǾ;ԲԼӦġңոշԷͷһͫɢϢɡ
ѵˣ
ֻ뵽һʯ͸оѵֻܣӵԽԶԽá
΢ܷŹʯ̧һУ˲ˮᣬ΢һˮǽʯնɱҲһɱЩȻʵǲɵҲûл΢ֻҲԽЩնɱ
ˮɨֻһƬʬԶʯң˶Ѫ⣬ȫʬ
ԱߺǧѩĿɿڴЩ΢õҪ֪ѨУͨҲĶֻѨһЩλߵ˲ʸˣֻƾһЩԼĥ


һǧһʮ ߵɽ
ͬ΢²һǧѩȷǴó΢˽ĲϤԲ΢ѯʣ㽫һЩ˽һЩϸڣ΢벻
Ѩ˵˽»ڶС磬кܶС˽ˣէʲô֪빫ҲһȻһ֪ұ㽫֪Ķ߹ӣ©Ҳҡǧѩʱ˵
΢ھָԶǳʵʲôط
ǧѩ̧ͷһɫ˱䣬ߵɽֻ˲̤ĵط
΢֪кΪֻ˲̤ĵطͣһֻ˲ͬһɽ£ϲȥ˿̤ƶһ˼һֻͣ˲֮ȥ
΢ǵһֽͣǾͱȽ鷳Ͼ΢ȻԶԸǳڵˣľϾֶԾĽƣ΢ǱٴҲûͻơ
΢ϣǵڶ֡
ǧѩ֪΢룬˿̹ߵɽһʥأ䱦ÿ꿪һΣ˽ҲһԲϻɱӶᱦ֪֮½ȥǸûл·ǰҲѨĸǰȥҪչһЩȴûһܻŻԡ
ǧѩô˵Ϊ˽ߵɽΣ˵ΪҲ΢ƺȥǸط
ô˵΢⡣ȴ֪΢һ˿
ǵߵɽȻԶ΢ţȴ˽Ŀռ䷨ҲǺսȫͬսĿռʯ˽Ŀռݱ΢ĿǰΪǼЧҲ̫󣬷ķ΢ֻʩչسɴķţ˵ֵͶ˵úˣٶҲж
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΢һߣֱ߳ɽɽˮˮûʲôһЩҰޣ΢ҲƽߣŲߵЩֱһˮԽն֮
ͣЪ΢ǧѩһֱԼǰУ˵鷳ҲԾȣ΢̺ǧѩһЩ
ǧѩҲд⣬֮ǰ΢෨ȻЩһҲǼΪѵãѨУֻ˲Ŷãһǽɱһ㣬Բ⴫ѧˣ΢ܾûû뵽΢𣬵ȻûвӦĵ
룬ǧѩ˫ϥ£΢һͷ
Ǻ⣿΢ǧѩѨʦܶҪʦžֹӾҳ𺣣ֽҿͷʦӦ
˽ȻعսҪǿ̫࣬˴ûУҲͬҰһ㣬󶼲ǧѩȷ൱ѵã΢Ҳûж㿪˶ԷȻŻִһ
ãȻԵ֣ΪʦҲͽܡһɵ΢ңǰһҿɴһͨӴʦصЯΥһĹأд΢ؽɱ겻΢˵ҲҪ˽ǿսˣʲôͬ
ǧѩȻû˵һ֣شӦ΢̴
һسɴķţʺϸ·Ҫѧģ⣬ѧϰͳĵķͨһЩɱ˵
ȭţ׭΢ʺǧѩҪѧһ֣ǧѩʮϸͷ΢һּЧ죬ǿԶʱɱڹʯһĸ֡
΢Ի
Ǻǧѩʼ
Ӻǧѩ֪ɳĮǰߵɽҪʮ죬΢سɴ磬Ҳ졣
еʱ΢ߣ˿̣ǰͻȻɳɳֱսշ籩Ҫǧѩ˵ɳֻҵطܣɳ֮ûҵӻ֮أֻ·һ
΢ɳĮ֮ز죬кǧѩѨ˾һƬû֪ٱӻеĵطʳѨ֮˶ܡͬ˿̣ǧѩɳ֮ǰ΢һӻողغãƬѾǻڵأɳͬɽһٴ


һǧһʮ ׷
ǧѩ΢ɳʱ䲻󶼲̫ʵҲͺǧѩ˵Ĳ࣬΢΢ʱɳѾͣ
ǧѩһҹĹ֪΢ڰҹ뿪ӻȥһ˽ɳ
ɳȷ൱ֲ΢ֻƬ̾Ͳ˻д壬ҲԳʱֵͬɽһķɳʯ
˵΢ҲԵֵסҲֲѨôıӻеĵطǾ¶ڿġ
Զĳ⼴ڰ֮Ҳɼ΢㲻鶦ȡҺǧѩҲ˵ǵߵɽ뿪ʱ仹м죬ʱü
·ʱ򣬺ǧѩЩ׾ܿ΢ͷԼյŮӾȻʳ˵΢ƽõģΪ˽ǧѩ壬һȻһҹسɴⷨţһʼȻʩչΪ׾ɼʱԺ󣬾ȻҲʩչģһȻѾΪ
һһҹʱ䣬ǧѩȻ߹ǰһʿʮ߹֮·еš
ʱ΢ҲΪεսĳʯд˽ϣ˼һǲ˾ôֻϣͼ飬һӦþָ˽磬ͬ˾
΢ʱĸо˽Уˮʳʴ֮սõĶ츣ػҪϰٱ˽еһ΢ĳӣϣǷŵսУԻҧͻ΢ôʱ䣬ѾԸоΧԼĸ죬˵ĺǧѩˡ
Щ΢ȻҪ˵ǧѩȻ׿ԽҪΪ͵ϳԼȴǻúܡ
ֿҹ΢ǰϰ˾ۼʺǧѩ߸΢ЩѨˣӦ鵱еġ
ѨеˣᾭѰҸָĶľԣȥʳ΢ϰˣ󲿷ֶսƷеĻҵһЩ˶֮ķɱš
Ϊÿҹɳܽ٣ڱϢЩ˴˿̾ڱ΢ͺǧѩΪ˱գȻҲҪȥ
ʱǧѩ룬СʦѨ˿Ѿ֪ʯˣһ֪ʯҵˣǹȥǻ鷳Ѱ
óǧѩνѨǾ£΢ܿóᵽʱ򣬺ǧѩ¶ޡ
΢ȻðطޣЩѨˣûһˣȻˣ΢кξ壿
ǧѩ޵֮ʱҲҪһ֣ߣҹȥ΢˵꣬ͷ߹ȥǧѩһҧ뵽ԼʦֶκͨӦҲ˾µһˣҲǸȥ
Ǳ̷΢ͺǧѩ΢Σǿǧѩһ㶡
ȻѨУǧѩҲĬĬ֪֮ȻʲôƨеŮˣôĬĬš
ǧѩĵȻˣڷֵټ̾ʮͳһƤӲףְֳƿ߳⵶Χ
ЩȻƷǷɱڣÿһ΢жǿȡ
Ҳ˵Щ˹⿿ӲɵĶ쾳ȻֻⲫɱǾͲˡ
Щ˵һͷ֮ˣʵߣһ࣬ȱ˶Ҫ߳һͷ⻹㣬ϴһףȫģгһɽΪӣȻ̺׹͸ɳ
΢ͫһȻϴŵײǶԷеı
ûпӳĳҪһ
ĪֶΣ
΢Ψһ뵽ľЩۼʣӦǻǧ麮ĸֶսУ޼֮òϣ΢ֻ˵˷֣Ȼڶ˵ƴᡣ
ǶԷǿɽõĲʣ΢ûпӦǷʯɳɺɵġ
΢ҲֻǼɺڷʯɳֻڵżȻ˵ǲǣ΢Ҳֻǲ²⣬΢ÿԺܴ
΢һ񣬰˽˽磬ŵرȻôһѰ֮ţֱ˷ѡ
ܶ΢ٴ˵ƳһԴﵽɽǸ
뵽΢оЩǲ֪Щ˻᲻ɱǲɱԼô᣿ѵҪá
ʱɨһۺǧѩֿ˿΢Ȼ󵽣Ůˣɱ
⻰΢֪ˡ


һǧһʮ 
ǺХɳΧսսˣ΢һʯͷϣһüϴɵĿɽԱ߷ѾЩεףкǻϲ
öȷǺö
Ǹոˣһĺ쾳ǶδӮ΢ԷùԷûüɱ΢ѾʩչһȭȻûкԷףȴǽھɱ
΢һȭ֮ǿ쾳Եֵ˵˽磬ΪعԵʵһ䶼ɱԷǿġ
һ½ԷͷͷɱʣµɢеĹģ΢ɱеĸǾֵ˳ȥûɳܳȥҲ·һ
ǧѩ΢ղű΢ȭǸѨҲһŵϺŵĸ֣ܶ˶£΢Ƶġ֡Ѩжٸǧѩϰ١΢ʣЩпƿɽķǧѩ΢Ĵռ˽ս֮ĲƷȥɵģѨҲڼΪϡٺģô˵ҲϰټѨ֮ԼѨǿ߼һ
΢Щд󶨣˽˵ԶԸǳڵˣҲҪһ˼˷ԼΣգ΢Ҳ֪ԼͷսԺ裬˽磬ǲĶֻƳΪһķܷӳ
΢ҪһԱķԾҪƣҪƳΪһķһĲǱز١
Ŀɽһ֣΢óǰӦĳ˷ƬȻѨ˴ȥĳַƴ죬Ūɿɽӡ
Ǻòϣ΢Ƴɸķ
΢һδƵ񽣣ǰ˵ʵֻ붦֮ķû壬Ѿ൱ǿ̺֮һƳ֮΢ҪնǳڵӦðվʹ˺ܶ࣬пȥǳڵĸ֡
Ҳ΢Ȩ֮ƣΪûʲôʱٴˣһ鶦Ҫһ鶦Ǳþһս΢͵гֵ
ϣ΢ԼҲҲûʱңûϵѨںǧѩԼߺջ𣬰նԷԣпܼ׷׷ɱ΢Դ׷ȡԷķȻֽΪϣԼ񽣡
һҹ΢ʩչڶֽ֮һѿɽȻзʯɳԼ⼸ϡ
΢룬ÿƳһߣҲãһɣʱֱɡ
һɣնɱǳڵˡ
뵽Ǳߺǧѩڿ̿΢ֲ¼󷨣ֹ˴ţȻһʩչڶֳ֮һ¯
ⶦ¯ǼߴؾŶû¯ŶҲһλ֣ǿƷҲƣǴ壬ʵҲǽڶ֮
꣬ͨԽڶ֮ҲΪεŶɿƾ쾳ΪͿݺսԵʡ
΢һʤڶ֮󣬴˿̣΢һ飬ͽ񽣳˿ֻ̣ǷĽ壬ûʵ壬΢޽Ͷ붦¯УȻٽǿɽϷֽĲͶ붦¯
ЩϼΪϡ٣˽統УҲҵģǧѩ˭ⶼѨ˻ʮʱ˽صս͹սռģͬޱȡ
ȻϣҲǼѱ΢¯УǼϾȻԼĶ¯»ûбǼӳַڶ߶¡
ˣҲǹ˲ʱ䣬ЩϲſʼɾĸɫҺ˿΢ѾǶͷ΢ΪҪһ񽣵ĽߣҲЩ˿̼ϲò΢Ҳֻҧ֡
΢ʮȥһ붦¯֮ڣɫϿʼںһ񽣵УΪ¶̫ߣ΢ɨһۣоĹʴֱۣӡ
˿Ϊ΢񽣵ĽߣҲɫͻ䣬ԭŰɳУȻ׵ͱ˪ӿֲ
֮⣬һӻڣ˿Ҳʮ˼ᣬһ˿ȥᣬȴɫ߰Ա߹һˣףڹ
ǰ̽ѾϢǧѩٷ˾ڰ֮һӻڣٷ˵Ҳڣһ·׷ʱ־Ϳ׷ϡ


һǧһʮ 
Ѩ˿ָ̰ϴŵĸָĸָȫϣֱһö䣬һöľ䣬һö䣬һöǽ䡣
öָͷɲСѨ˴Ū˷
Ѩ֮ƿʮˣȻͷϿ϶˿ɽΪĹѨ֮˿ɽһЩ֮ҲżԵõһЩͣȻ࣬ҲһЩġ
ͬöָԿӡһ棬κƣٿ磬ľ޸ˣٴҲ޸֮Ͽӡһַɵֵιǽٻһͷ벽˾İ׹롣
ö䣬ѨԳΪѨ֮ڵĶ֣ŰԸ֪ǧѩȻˣǱŭԴ׷
ǬӦѾףзɳ˾£е֣һЩŵӵӣҪʤûһ˼˵Ѿͷ­ն£ȱءѨԹԵ˵Ȼġ
Ҳ˵ڣûʲôۣκ鶼˳˳ˮ⻹㣬ףҲѨ֮ѾˣһţٹգͿǰȥѧʱʮʮ̤꣬˾Ϊˡ
ͽԼɰˣ֮ⶼϡ
еǬ֮ǰϹȥʿλѨȻ֪Ǭ类΢ɱ
ȵɳȥ컹ûɳǰȥӦԼǵȵ֮ƳһͷɳĮ½ޣһȺ˵Ĵӵ֮£ͬʵ۳һ㣬ƺƵȥֻһֱߵڣҲûԼɳȥˡ
ǰǸӻѨ֪ԼȺɳȻʧˣλʿȫɱǱϵ׶
ܴ谡
Ѩ˿ˣʿѨƵʿϰˣֻҪԸ⣬γ˳ջǶԷȫûнλѨ
ǹԼŮˣɱԼ£ѨοԼԼôά֣
ʱĿ˹ѯʣѨ֪˶ԷֶΣһʼѨҲģһԷǾ鷳ˣɾͱˣڿԷˣֻһЩҲˣˣͲ¡
ҷɱҪ˻һȥ׷ϲԴǾͶˡѨ˵ʿʵǿ˶ɳȥ֣һЩʵ˶һս֮ԸӦ㹻ˡ
ʿǸĸţ˿Ҳһɱȥ
뿪֮ѨʱԶһѨ֮˵ֱӴ˽
һ˴ȥҲʮó󲿷ֶʹӣֻ̬߰ϴͳһĲ׶£ŵķһģһ
˽֮ɨһѨȻһЦôɰʦܣ
ѨսһԵգȻʶѨһˣҲ۾һæ񣺡ԭʦֺʦ֣
¾ūͰľβߣʦֺʦЦ£Ȼ´˵ʦѨӪĲӻڵҲӦоУԺҪʦѧϰ֮һЩūǴȥģҲҪӣʦ˼Ҳϲų
Ǳ˵ͷˣңΪҪŵλʦ֡
ΪҪ߹ԼҲǸиԵĿɽܵ½ΪȻͷλʦ˵֮ڵȻҪ֮֮ųĻҪųϾݰ֮ǰͶλʦֵйɻϲū͹ǲѨУλʦ־ѡˡ
ʦܻôʦֺʦЦЦʱ뵽ʲôѹʵҶǰҲԭŵвʦҪȥߵɽ֪ʦˣֻΧҹȴͻȻ˴бŸȻǽʦܵĵ̣֪ҹ﷢ʲôʲôر֮кöɲܶŶ
ʦָ˵꣬㶣ҹ˴ǸɱǬĪǻԼ飿


һǧһʮ 
ɨһ֮ǰԼūͣɫ䣬ߴ˸£ڵͷ
תһ룬֪Щū;ԲҶԼκ֪ӦѾ˵ˡҹɱʿǬ֮ϢǧѩһϢûзκιŹֵ飬֮뿪ˣǵߵɽ
ЩдţĪʦֺʦڿԼҲԣҹɳдŷףԼҲȷǱҲԼûʽţܶණѧϰһЩҲʲô
½ֻʵ棬һʼʦֺʦֻţûӣֻһģʵ
Ȼ˸㽭ʦܵŮˣȤȤ˻ɱǵʿǵʿҼȻãҲ˭ܶԸģʵѾҪӽ֮ڵĵͼˣ˵ȷˢӣߵɽҪڣŵҲҿ˵Ǳڵӡʦʱ˵ȻǱڵǾܽ͵ͨˡ
ʱɫ΢䣬Ǳڵӣǻˣ˽СţҲѨҲԲŵӡ
ǿʦֺʦҲ³룬¹һЦʦܣʲôڵĵӿɲ裬Ȼ㻹δʽʦѾŵˣ˭Ը㣬ǾǶŲǲŵӣø˵˵һεվһߣŵĹأŮ˱ǷŹ棬ŹزһŸʣһ͹һˣߣʦȥ˵Ļ˲ŵӣٺ٣ֱɱˣʲô
ŵӣնɱѨʿֻ˵Էб
һλʦֳд󶨣뵽ǧѩ⼫ƷŮӣиǺʮ㣬Ϊ˽ŮŪҲķۣ֮ǰǽԷĸһɱΪ޿ĺǧѩȻͶԼû뵽Ȼ˴ߡ
һռǿˣھúǧѩҲҪˣģȻһóҪɱǸߺǧѩˣǧѩҲҪɱˡ
ֻϴϵĳ衣
λʦͬȥȻû⡣д󶨣һҹɳܿȥ컹ûûеȻԼɳȥĸ֪Լȥ׷ɱ¶Ѿ׶༪٣иŭҲԼūͣǺλʦ֣ɳĮ½ޣ׷ȥ
˴ߵɽѾԶе·ͻȻԶ𣬰ɫףֻƬ̾ʧ٣ǽҲܿȻʲô˲õı
½ٶȸ죬ʱ㱼һѨ޽ıӻպ˵΢ͺǧѩ
΢͸ϵ˴֮ǰѾ׷ӶԷķȻֽڶ֮񽣵ĽߵС
һȻһսҲ΢֣΢ɱ˷
һ΢ĲѾ񽣣֮ǰķȻлΨȱˮԵҲ޷΢Ĳϣˮ淨Ƶǧˮһҹڲ֮ǰոսɡ
֮ǰ˼ɫ׵󣬱΢֮󷢳ĽҲ΢һЩˣԼæȻһɫ׽ɸơ
ȻѾ񽣣΢Ȼд󶨣һ񽣣΢նɱǳڵˣԿǳڵˣӽ˽ҲһԱ֮֮ǰûеȻӱɱЩʿе֪Ѩں棬΢Ѿǳɱ˶ᱦĺôôʱ䣬Ѿռǰս궼ռϣպǧѩ˵֮Ĳϣ˽ҲǺѻȡϣҲδ׵õҲѨڶ࣬ҲѰ˽ս͹ս꣬ҵǰ˷Ƭ
ЩƬѨ֮Ҳֻǿãʹãӳϵܡ
΢ڶ֮ԷֽЩƬȡеĲϣã񽣡
һսУԿԳΪһ̫֮겻ΪкڰλΪɽɹŽնɱ쾳֣ƾһ㣬̫ڲܳΪսĶš
΢һ񽣱ɹŽҪǿϺܶ࣬նɱ쾳Ҳ練ƣնɱǳڵˣǰɳһ޳쾳Ҳ򲻸ҷ֮ġ
ô΢͵㿴᲻͡ϣ˽ʦ֡


һǧһʮ һն
˳ɳĮ½ޣ峤ʮɣһ㣬쾳Ϊͬ΢֮ǰ˵˽УһֻϣҲҪսһͷͻ
ŵս磬ȻΪɵŵĻɽޣ磬˽磬ֻһһͷѡ
ǧѩɱɱĸĳˣȻ˫ͨ죬Ҳһɵʱж̣׿ԽǽһɾͣԻǽĶ֡Է׷ҲȻΪԼԺǧѩæ֪΢
ʦ𣬴˱Ѩ֮ö䣬ͨǿΪ˸ĺǧѩ˵꣬΢ͷ벻ôͰˡ˵ʵ΢ͶԷΪУΪ˺ǧѩΪ֮˽磬ѭ浸ؾԲܳ£΢ʱȻȥϾʸǵһҪ£֮⣬κ鶼Ҫ
˵кǧѩôһͷûУ΢Ҳ뷽跨ȡ񽣡
΢Խ֮ϵöܸȤһɨԿǿӡǣǲκɵӦֶǻȡоͽȻѧϰ򣬻Ըɵ
ȻҪͬҪڶ֮ǱóؾŶſԡ
˵ˣöǺöʵ΢񽣣һ˼񽣣һķȻǸá
΢֮ˣҲ΢ȻǵһۿĻǺǧѩɵ˲ͬһ·ͷͨŮɫεģ֮˶ǳ˽磬Ϊ񣬸ûĥľǺŮɫջ󣬲ò˵ǧѩòȷһ˽֮֮⣬ʦֺʦּҲһ¶̰֮ɫ
һ̽ɫһݺݶźǧѩһۣȻſ΢ǺˣΪνδ֮ޣ
ԱʦֺʦҲ΢Է˵ʲôŵŵӣǾͿĸţֻҪǲڵģǶµ
һɵۣ΢΢һ뷨ҪԼͷȥΪһֲ²⣬ݣ˽ĳԼȥҲһϣöݵ֪
ǽһ㶣Ǳʦһɵۣû˵ʦ֣ʶ㣬˵һ
ʦЦһδţֻһѨĵطҲǶǵģΪԷţЦһˣɱ˾ǡ
˵ҲԣҿСӲ˳ۣʲôƨһװʲô˲õĵطһƨѣͳһ㣬ҲҪն⽴ʦҲһ䡣
λʦ֣ɱţȻǶСӲ˳ۣȽɱ˾ǡ˿޹˼ɣǴ߶ָϵķ䣬һ̣ĺƤҵУȻǷɳϰٰǶ
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΢Ҳ̧֣ʩչ񽣾ˮȻ뷢
֮䣬ͽײһ𣬶΢ǣԷİٱȻ̱ˮķ飬ɰ
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ո΢ûעһЩɰͻķɳһմ΢·ϣЩɰÿһаٽմһЩǸо·һɽһ㣬ж
мˣ˶ΪɱУʵϣеģһմȾɽɰˣҲԶʱ׸Цһ㱻ɽɰװʱˡ
˵ɰѾǽ΢ܿͿӰˣһֻܿһɰš
ΪжߣҲˡǱʦֺʦһǴʧĵֻɫʦһ˾Ӧˡ
ǧѩһǣŮˣһ㡣
䣬ͻȻɰնһ⽣ɫ׹⣬ͬһߣ˲նǧɾ룬պնнۣ˲䣬ֱ۾ͱն䣬ٶȿ쵽ʩչķ
Ӧǲҽвֹ۱ն䣬Ŷϱ£ɽɰʧЧ΢ϵɰʧȥƣȫ¡


һǧһʮһ Ϊǿ
ٿ΢ֳһɫ׵ĳվ˵ʦֺʦһһϲ
ǶԷȻڱɽɰ֮»Ӳն֮ãպýն˽
ϲΪǿ΢еɫ׽׾Ȼǰ֮ڣҲû񽣷
ʣһ뵽֮ǰ˷ɳгı⣬ȻҲ񽣷ġʦֺʦ˶һۣӱ˴п뷨ȻײˣͲܷŹԷûɽֱŵķ⡣Ψһ鷳ǣӸոնԷնһ˵ȷȷˣʦֺʦҲиԵֶΣȽǲʽŵӣ֣Ϊպܴ
ʦܣȥһˣ˱㽻ʦֶԸˡʦ˵꣬Ѿһͼһźӿƾһͷ˫ͷſ˫ᣬжʮɳӶ򣬾Ծһɳ˫ͷһ۴ſһɺһУһͷۺ𣬿ǧɻ𺣣졣
˫ͷΪǰ벽˾͵Ƶİ벽˵Ĺ޼޽ӽǳڵˡ
ʦʩչͨԱʦҲ˺Ƕ˲УԲʲôҪ־Ͷһ
ʦֵͨһͭͭԲΣһߴСԵʥͼۼнӿ֣ɢ貹
ϴŴ˷˶ɱãʦ֣һϣһɱˣ񽣣˵Ǵһʦֳ񾵣Ȼӿ֣仹ˣѾɡ
Ϊֵƣ˲֪΢˿ǿ󣬻Ȼ塣
һ̣˫ͷ޵ѾĶ˫һ籩Ƿɳʯڵµʯ鶼𣬸˵һЩľֱӱ
΢֪ǲ£ܺǧѩͻᱻ紵ߣһȡʦʣٿһһɽһǿҲκβúǧѩ
֮£ɰ罣΢л徢Եֵ˿΢ֳ񽣣ƴ
ո΢նɽɰƾı񽣵Ϊοһն䣬ʵɺϣ΢һǴ㽫նɱֻ⽭ЩͣͷȻһߣԸպնϡ
˷˽΢ҲûմմϲΪȻҪȽҪ˫ͷ޵΢޵һϴٳĹҪܶ࣬Ȼֻˣ΢壬΢оΣյһķ
ͭɢ΢оļ£΢Կ϶ⶫ˵ԼĴ塣
սУ΢ңûʲô˵õ΢΢޳ɴ֮󣬾Ѿ޵¡
˽УһЩˣǵǷܶԴвνһʱһʱ΢Ҳȫ̴壬С
Žˣ䲻ˣóдеģ˽ŵӣǧѩҲ΢ᵽ
˽ţСҲսɵǿٱ²˵ҲСǡǺǧѩ˵΢֪ЩǲҪѨͬڿ϶򣬵Ƹɲ΢ѡǼȻ΢ҲŹ΢ˣΪǿ
ӽ˽΢Ǳ뷨˿˫ͷոɿ˫ͷҪͻ棬΢ɲѾȥ̧һն
΢նĲ˫ͷ޵񣬶Ǹʦ֡΢ңٻ֮ٻǿʩߵǹ̶ģֻҪնʩߣٻҲǲơ
Ȼʩ߱ȻмǿķֶΣҲǹͬ˿̣΢ɱʦЦһΪǵһַӶԸҵˣЦٻ֮޹ɱ֮ר޷֮˵㣬Ҳ֮˵ңʱ䣬ֻ˴ңȴŹ֡
΢ȥԸʦ֣Ǳʦֲ֣ԷַӦǵԤϵУ߶񾵣׼Է¶оһɱ
˫ͷ޵΢һɰɺ΢ִ⹥ʦ֣ȻУһֻƬ̣ҲǱɡ
ʦʮֿ϶΢ȻĹԼǳ˦ֶһҶƶܣ߶೤߶ͬһƬҶɢ֮ȴǱҶһ㣬ел̿ǰڵһֻ


һǧһʮ һ
ҶƶڣԵֵһʦֺġ
΢ȻӣһնĺԥΪе񽣡
һ̣ײ֮𣬾Ҷƶֻǵ΢Ƭ̣ͱһն飬󽣹£ʦŵı£ͷţһΪ
΢ڶ֮ƵΪԣγɵĽ˲ɽ뺣ʦȻǿ쾳޼ҲֵסһֻɲǣնͱɷɻңɢΡ
λֱ֣ӱ΢նɱ
ɱʦ֣˫ͷ޵˲ٿأҲάַǵ΢ǻһźʧ١
һֻʣʦ֣ԷץŸղɲǵĻᣬѾǴ߶е񾵣һ貽⣬˲䵽΢ǰ
΢֪նɱʦֵĽ˳һնһ׽һ貽ײһ
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˲ɰʯ£ضɽҡȻһۣܻȻǼæӣΧɳûǧѩҲһҴ˿̺ǧѩĶȻ죬һˣðѩ޵ͷǺԥȡ΢һɽնɱȥ
״ŵðղ΢һͽʦնɱѾп־壬˿̼ǧѩֽɱȻҲģǺ£ðͷٲԥ̾ӡ
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ҿ㶪˷䣬ԺԱûɱ㣬ҽ¡ǧѩָϵöȡպãȻ˻ȥ
ԱߣһʦˣҲó
˿ΪӻݣɳȥһƬɳ𣬿ǧѩԼʦġ
ȻʦյĲһԳƵǲʦһ񽣣ۼƣʦҲ˵˵һѽնɱˣԺǧѩţʤһʦ
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ʦȻû΢ͣոյĶײҲͷ˿ֳ񾵣Ȼ΢ڿնŵɫ䡣
Ϊ֪̤նеģֻ˲ſԡ
ѵ˸һλˣ֮ǰֻʵ
ʦо֣벻Ȼ΢ʱѾٴιһ΢ʩչһնɲ֮ѾǻӰǵһĴÿһףž죬ƺˡ
һʦסˣæ߶񾵣ҲǺţ˲ͬ䣬˫Ŀ𣬾ǹʶĿƻá
ٴζ
׽Կ˲ײⱬ˿̱ƴľ˫Ϊ
չ΢ǿһֶײƬ̣ʦ־ЩΪ̣Ͼˣ߶˷Ѿǿһ΢ѾǷݽߣ֮ǰֻӲţ˿̵ҲŲסĵزǲҽһһѪгõĹ
΢ץסᣬ̳˲佫ʦҪ̴ԷֱӻɻңɢеҲڽµɳϡ
Ĺʳȥһȥͨͨķ΢֮ǰ̹˷ҲΪɵʦ֣ΪһЩ˹΢ˡ
΢мɵҲˣʵʦˣȴֳ˷ģŵҲʦ֣ŵλʦֻߣȴҲû˷˷˶УʦҲֻ֮ǰΪ˴󹦣֮ҲпɽԲ˵ĵõ񾵡
һЩˣҲδ㼶˷
˷һս񽣴չֳǿսԴˣһˣɱˣһЩǳڵҲδһ㡣


һǧһʮ ֮
һƷףͨǿֱ΢ȻŹ֮΢򵥲̽һ£ⷨԴͨʱ΢޷ʹá
֮ǰ񾵴߶֮󣬿⣬ɱǳˣԷֻǧɼҲͨġ
΢֪Լɱ֮˽ĳŵӣҲǴ˻ܻҪܵġһԾϵɳ棬պÿڽȴĺǧѩ
ʦӮˣǧѩ΢æӭȥ
΢ͷȻһѨأ
ǧѩҴһˣʦЩǽֻʱ֮
˵ţöݸ΢
΢һЦ֮ǰö䱻ߣȡһȻµӡȫͬɵ΢Ҫ˽⣬϶һЩ
˵ز˾ߣ΢첻񽣣ǵ񾵣ö˷䣬˵ջ񼫷ᣬȻջĺô΢Ѿվ˽ʱ
ɱŵӣº϶ܵԷű΢ץʱΪ񽣣񾵻ö䣬ҪģҪĻǻȡʣؾŶΪ
źǧѩ΢ǰߵɽܵ󴴣΢Զ϶Էʱڿ϶ǲԼ鷳
˴ߵɽҲֻһ·̣΢μӿٶȣǧѩ׿ԽسɴѾյҪ죬˸·ٶȻҪһЩ컹ûڣͳɳĮ
΢⼸쿴Ķǻɳʯͷ˿ǼһĨɫǰɫ࣬вݵأľ΢սมеĴͬС죬еȫͬ
΢һͷͳʮɵľɽԳһˮ̶ˮɽԳ֮ǿɣȴֻһѡ
һɣ֪˽Ҫսһء
ʦǰǵߵɽǧѩʱ˵ǰ֮һУǱ˾֮µĽޣһ˾֮£ٸǰ
΢ͷҲʶһ˽ķģúܶطһĺܶطеҪΪϡеƷͲϲȥ˽ķ
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΢ҲȻˣֺͱ˷ʱ䣬Եʱ΢һкǧѩȻǽƣƮȻϡ
Ҫһ΢ҲǷ˲ٹɽķ֮кܶ࣬˽統ûһã΢ǶԼ֮и죬ʹÿ˽ãƶ𣬻սˣ쾳֣Ҫһ㶼ܡ
ǧѩȻǼΪ𾪣΢˵ԼˣǧѩΪ΢˼ٰģ˭֪˽磬޷շеģȻиǳݣԼǲҲƼ֮
ʱҲٵˣ΢̤ƶҲһͷеֱӹڵϣǽ΢ˡ
΢Ȼýͣ·һЩ̤նУУ΢Ҳǵͷʾ⣬Ҳֻ˲Żܵ˵𾴣˽磬ֵλͽ׼ֱɼٹ̡
£ǧѩѾŵɫ԰ףȣҪ֪ð˿˵ʦҲû˵ԼˣֻǼƶǽ˵ġ
ⲻ˵ʦĲ
뵽ǧѩоȻΪ⣬ܴó֮ǰͽһ׷˵ֶΣ䲻˵Ҳ޼ʦȻһɱҲһ߱
ʦˣǱһ˸
˼ʱ΢ѾǴźǧѩϵ֮ϣ̤ʵغΧūͶǳ΢ʱԱһͬʱ߹΢ֵλ
ǧѩһ˵ѵϳˣ΢Ϊֹ£
΢΢һЦʥ׽£ոռ÷֮ΪտƮݣĽʣɷһ֮Σ
ԭǿ΢ոʩչ֮


һǧһʮ һѧ
׽֮£΢Ϊ⣬Ȼǧѩ˵Ѩ֮ڣ˶֮ƴɱ΢һ϶ѧ㲩Լһɵ˽磬ͬ˽һѧ϶ֵһᡣ
ȴû뵽ԷȻ֮˸ȤȻ΢⡣
תһ룬΢֪ǧѩȻ˽ˣϾ̫ͣͣ۽֪ͣҲ˾֮£΢Ҫ֪һ飬ԼȻ΢ȻὫԷƿ
΢֮ʲôǲ֪Ҫʲô
ǰ׽һţ̵˴˵ĵطⷻ˾ƹݣһȥһΣ
΢Ȼǵͷ̣ǰ׽¶ûпǧѩһۣУ֮½ϣЩҲֵһᡣ
ð׽ӵģֻ΢Ȼûп΢ʵҲˡ
ǧѩ˿𺳣ҲҶ˵ʱ򣬵ͷá
ⷻевˣ΢ҲóзΪ㣬ϲֻ˺ūͲߣҪɾ࣬²֮µγɵг˶࣬ҲңǾƹϲ㣬źԶŵ㣬׽ǳͣȥ֮Сưү
һ£ǧѩȻվ΢ֻ΢¡
δִ׽ʱʵ΢Ҳһ΢
׽ȻҲû˵һã벻ףҲͲ룬˽統нҲ࣬˭֪һĿġ
ԭ֣ĳһ׽ºǿϾҪѧ΢֮˵׽´˱ԸͰʥҲǳĽ
΢׽ʵ⽻ѣһƺȵһβʣ溮ǧѩ΢ƣҪѣûſڡ
˵ֻ֮ȣ֮£粻̰ˣֻһڣֻһΣֱ
ֻ΢ٶȺܿ죬ֹ־Լλʦͨ²ˣҲˣδؾͲܺơ
ʵ΢治ƣɾƣ֮ƣҲ΢һд壬ΪѾǿϰ벽ˣƵҲ޷ҷܴ΢壬Ϊ
΢һֵһ׽һͬһ
׽һˡ
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ƫƫ΢֪ǹ˰׽¶ľƳ档
£һһȥƬʱ䣬̳ѾǼס
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ʲôѸýֵýɲһѧģ׽ȴ˵΢Ͱй۲죬Է̤ƶƮޱߣȻӾϸӦЩԲ׼ڿշУȻһ
һ㲻
׽Ҫѧ֮ģȾƣǼ΢ǲֵѵһ飬ǲֵãһ£Ȼ󽻻Ӵ·ˣֵýǾͲһˡ
֮ãȴȲһ͵ƹݵľƣŵȣҪϵȵһˣһˣٺȱΪ⣬΢֮ǰѾֵð׽½ύ֮Ʊյ˺̳׽²Ϊ˹΢Ȼ졣
԰׽²Ҫʮ̳һʮ̳Ҫ΢ܺ¶١
ֵƣ˽ҩ죬Ǵ֮΢ĴԻ⣬ǻⲻˣ΢ֱתڶ֮ɹ׳
һΣ׽עҪˡ
ȵʱ󣬶ʮ̳ȸ⣬˵ǰ׽¾ˣƹݵеҲɵˡ
˵Ҳ̫ˣǲˮǶˣҲһСƷѣǰλȻǺôܳŵס


һǧһʮ 
׽µҲˣ˶ϵã֪׽ʥþĴˣǳڵΪǳҲֻ벽޵Ǿ˹ˮ˵ǲƷ鵤ҩͰ׽ºȾλ˭
ļƣȻһ㶼Ȱ׽²Ī˵ΪȰ׽ҪߣһҪߺܶࣿ
ǲ²͸Ҳ΢Ҳޱȡ
ȴ֪΢ֻǶڶֽ֮ѣʮ̳ƹȥ΢оԼĴһ֮ǰͬ쾳磬˿̣Ѿ޽ӽǳˡ
΢û뵽ģ΢еĵ˽磬һжӦУǰ˽統ȫʴ֮ҪֱϼѣǶڶ֮ҲСһֱ΢ĴǳȱˮĴȻްҪ׳ɳҲѡ
ɽһپƺȥǾú꣬ȻôΪһ֮ϲЧǰ漸̳ƣԽȣЧԽСѾ΢ޱȣ΢֪ΪҲֻһΣһξ㹻ˣа벽˴壬ټ񽣣΢ѾаնԿǳڵˣڳڣ΢Ѿն֮
׽·ˣ׷ˣХһʹ죬֮ҲˣΪѾûжơ
֣СھƵһϣҰ׽ֻʦֶһˣлᣬҶȻʦǼ㣬϶ܸˡ׽´˿Ц΢Ȼ֪׽µʦ˭ȻȰ׽¸߾Ͷˡ
˾ƣ̸¡
֣Ұ׽ʦо˹˹ʦڣ⴫֮⣬๦ԽĿ¼һ۱֪׽´˿˫Ŀһ⣬΢һ̶һƪϢоȻ๦ؽܣȻǰ׽ȥġ
Ȼý飬ֻͿԴݹͨȷɵһ
΢ͷһνӴ˹Ȼǿϸһ΢Ҳܴ·ֱЩ˹ǿ
Ȼ׽ĹȻ࣬󶼺һ㣬Էô๦ȴֻ˹֪Щ˹ڰ׽УȲϾ˹Ȼˣ΢Ҳϡ
˹΢һЩ˷࣬ƷȻȲ񾳺Լ񽣡
ɨ΢̿һһĵر񣬰׽ע⣬һϣ⺮ȣһ塣
΢һҪ󿴿Ǻ񣬰׽ºˬ죬ֱһȡһƴСĵݸ΢
΢һ۾һ֪ԼҪʲôˡ
֣ұ֮ж٣΢ʣǰ׽µͷû⣬⺮Ϊѵãֻ飬Ҳ壬ҲòϣͶˡ
˵ȡһ飬ڶ΢һЩϣȻʮֳأΪһ㣬ȴǳɫ档
⺮Ǻö΢԰ٷְٿ϶ⶫԼĴаڰж٣ÿ˵ҲΪ΢Ҳͷһμֶǰû˵
˶΢ҲǼΪʹĽ֮׽£΢֮Ǿģ˽ʹã׽µ֮Ȼ൱ˣȥԳ΢֣Ҳ׼ȥߵɽİɣεߵɽͻȻһƳǰ˴ͼƿµӽȥ˵ٵȸ£סⷻУ޳֮ȻǽȥΣ
΢û뵽ߵɽȻƳٿҲãָ΢һЩʱΪ΢ͷа׽½飬ҲǺ¡
°׽¸ǣһܳȥҵطˡ
΢ҲǴźǧѩ߳ƹݣѯʺδ԰ǧѩ΢ⷻУ֮£ýһЩĶޣһЩʯķƬΪˣҪκζڷרṩչصĵط
޴ޱȵ٣һŸߴǧɵĴϣҶǧÿһƬʮˡ
޴ҶƬṩϢĵط
ʦֻ˲ȥ֪֮ȥǡǧѩ£ʱС˵΢һЦʲôոλ׽²ҲǽҵˣپҶľϵΪȥ°빦Ϊβȥ
˵꣬΢̤ƲʣúǧѩڶȻһƫƧĿҶ棬Ҷķ󣬴߶֮Էų֣赲˿ӡ


һǧһʮ 
΢ҪչȻ˿Դ߶Ҷϴŵ󷨣Լ෨ǧѩ䣬ϥʼ
ǧѩȻľ±˷ǲˣʱ϶Ѿˣ˵ʲôҲûãҲһᣬ΢Ĺ
˵΢һ麮ȻŽԼĴ壬֮ͬӰһ㡣
ʱһ֮ӰͰ΢С壬⺮΢ѷɫ֮Ӱ΢϶ƶ硣
΢ڶ֮⺮񣬻ѼʱŽһžӨҺ壬ҺǾҺ΢ſһУ˲䣬΢ֻоһɾҺ˲ͨ֫ٺ΢Ȼ֣ԼĴͻƵļ
Ѿ쾳۷壬벽ˣͻƣ΢ԳΪ֮壬ɵһ
΢ĵȻ
΢ȡڶ麮񡭡
ʱ֮΢۾Ȼ⺮м洦ֱȻ΢ҲóãҲֻ֧Լ֮壬Ҳǳڣ΢˵Ѿ㹻
Ψһǣ麮
΢Ҫ޳ˣٵöʮ֮ǰСĺſԣʣµĸλȡ΢֪׽ǱҲֻС
뵽΢ͻȻðһͷͷӣ˵ﲻǷУԼ򰡣Ҫ˵΢ͷҲвٺöﻻ
ŤͷһǧѩڱĿ΢Ǽƶ䵽УʼĴѰҡ
г˻һƯʯڿУҪʲô¼ͶӰЩй伸Ȧ΢Ūˡвٺö΢ڳ˺⣬ʲôҪɺȴ˳ۣȴҲҪֻۣһƺϵ΢
΢Ͱ׽ºȾƣҲ֪׽º΢˹Ծʰ׽»ʲô
ûʲôˣ΢һ˵˱֮ȥλֵܣùҿɻһ麮Ҳֻһ顣
֮ûʲô΢ȻԸ⣬ͨ£Ҳһµ뷨˽統УʦУţΪϡȱһ֮Щ˵ɱԼø
ֻʲôܻ΢룬˽˽ķΪûм֮ǲŻϡ٣ŻҪԻôⷽ֡
Ҫ˵΢ͷδܱȵģУҲ΢Ĳ֮ءооȥǾ÷ȽϺʣȻ֮˸ȤƷӦҲгɣ
սУͬĴвͬԷ˵Ҳк֣ܶе΢ԼûѧϾ֮΢أսκεطȥãҾ΢֪Щ֮еĸǻʵͬװģõĶ࣬עصʹüֵǻʵ⡣
Ӧвϲ
΢ȥһ麮գȻһ취ҲÿһչʾӵƷͨ΢Ѽʱʱѧᣬ΢ʣѧ³׾١
ѧ֮΢ѧ˵ӣһط취񣬽ʵķȥûҪ
ҪƷв·΢ߵʱ򣬶Ͷ̽һе˿ʼЩȤϸһֻ֪֮ǻʵ˷ÿ֮ûбôʵߵȻǲмһˣҲоϲʵϲװƵˡ
һŻϽ·ɨһ΢취ʯͣסϸһʵɫƣ̤ʣ
΢רѧˣҲϻֱ
˲΢ɫƣɫâţڶ𣬿˵ǹʶĿ벻עⶼѡ
磬Ƹߣص㣬һ۾һͷãλ
ֻҪ񡣡΢Ҳ˵Щֻĺ
üͷһ壬ú˲࣬ⶫҲȷϡ٣еҲպ飬Ǳô
ʼܻ΢붼룬ָͷ
飬Ҳ̫ˣ飬ǻͻˡһ΢ҪҪôݣҲüͷһ壬˵Լܳܵļޡ
΢ͬ붼룬ͷɽ
ȭͷСĺ֡


һǧһʮ 
һѨ֮޽ıڣҧгݣֳ˽ˣ壬ϱ˲ʲôֻҪһضϱۣ½ϣϱ۲ˣǾЩ鷳ˡһͬģö䣬ѨУö䶼ǲɶõıǻѴŪģö䣬ȻȡԴ
ҪһֱۣûʽڣȻûʸԽһͷūͣ¶ԷۣȻԼϡ
Ҫһʧ̫ˣʧĸʿۺö䣬λʦҲˡ
ԿţλʦˣǴ¡
ǣ֪ΪΰʦֱնɱԱٰڣҲǶ·
Ȼ鷢ҪǸˣƾѨȻǲеģԷ̫ǿһնһͽԼܣնʦֻ֣˲ܽԷ
뵽һӣԱһֻҪΪԼͿԣ˵˿ʦֵ񾵣ԳᣬսУλʦϱ۽ѡ
ãá˷ܣ˿ԼոսӺõۣ뵽Լôȥſ϶УۣģһūͽԼոսӺõֿ
ǽôѪıڡ
˽粻ʲôţֻʥһ͵ţٵ͵ȵţҲ
˭֪˷ľǳ졢
ѾǼΪԿСţǶڣ˽ѾǸֻ֣˳羴Ķ
Ȼûˣȴǳ۷ǵ֣ҽ֪λʦͬһʦ̳ģλʦѾǳڵΪλֳ֣ɱǸʲôһ΢ͬвһס
ʱ䣬ŵڣȴûҵλʦԭԷͬǰȥһ˴ܶ磬Ȼڣڴȴڡ
ǵϯʦڣɴʦƹţȨƼ󣬶ΪҲѾǳڡ
ϵλӣæһѱһὫλϯһȻǲȻŭ
Ӵ󵨣һ䣬ϯӻȻȻΪűɱڵĵӣʦܣ˵˭
æԳƣһ΢
һû˵ʥȻȫ֪󲿷ֶȴû˵ʲôһһţһڣϲ˽磬˵ˣ쾳Ĵڣôܻŵͬһ˷Ȼһ·˵ֿ꣬Ȼʦڣŵӱɱ֮ʦܣȥ΢Ҫնɱολʦܡ
ȵľϯӽмƳǳΪɱ΢´ࡣ
ʦ֣΢߷ȥߵɽҿȥһҵˡıߣ¼ƳżڵӺͽһߵɽ
ʱڷ֮ڣ΢ѾȴΪһЩδżδķȡһʼ֮Աǣȵһ΢ȡ֮İ׽³֮ƶ𣬼Ϊķȥòעϡ
ص㣬ܺ޳֮һԱ˫֣˷УŮ˶Դ˺Ǻ棬һŮ޳ɷһȦ֮΢Ǵﵽ˶塣
һգ΢õĺѾʮ飬˺⣬΢ҲһЩĲϣһЩսڲܻȡıҲһЩ˹
΢һʼǰ㣬á
һʼЩͼ˺棬֮Ǻ֮ҲԻѧϰԺ漸û΢
΢õĺѾﹻⲻͲˡ
⼸հ׽û¾΢Ⱦƣ˰׽£΢Ҳʶ˲ˣеŵӣеηɢˣΪֻǳڣƢͶȻͳѡ
ջȥ֮΢㿪ʼ㽫һΪ֮壬ʱ΢Ҳˡ
ͬʱڷеľƹ֮ڣ׽һƺ«ںȾƣԱվˡ
ɫ£ͷߣ֫Ƥ͸һ⣬ǶŰ׽£һ˵հ׵ģ޹أֺαǿͷ
ԱһҲûǾһˮˮҲǶĶôʲô


һǧһʮ 
ƹ֮ڣɮɱڣ׽˿塣վͷͼı죬⣬һ˽ӣһ˽ͭӣɱ˶ᱦ飬׽°й۲죬֪Ǵ΢֣Ҳѹ֣ӣ΢˲õĺͬΪ˵ӺͭȻ˴԰׽½ԼǷԸ΢
·ĳ֪һģƽҲˣǴԸǰĳѣǵóѣ׽¹˿ھƣֵΪ½֪ȻҪ񣬵Ӱȡ֮еǿǿȡᣬ˲ݣ˵˴˷УȻƴ󣬵ҲܻĹء
ɮЦһհ׵ģϻ̫࣬ʦֵܶ£ֲ̣ңΪܵסҶˣ
˵꣬ɮƱȻǳڵ˸֣ͬʯһ㣬ˣָؽڣ⣬ϥͱ֮Ƥðһھ
ھǵĹΪˣһΪȫ֮ϣͬһ㣬Ӳޱȣ˵ǽղ˵Уڰ֮ڵĽս˵ѹͬˣֻ岻ףҲ٣˲ࡣ
Ҫ֣׽Ҳһ˵ˣǻ˹أڷ֮ڣǲ׼˶ֵģгԹԹս
˵ͬʱƹ֮ѾǶ˼ˣҪôǰ׽µĺѣҪôǺ΢ϵˣһʱǽɮΧס
һ֪涷϶ܾˣɭɭһЦҶ˲ûлأеĹأǶ˶ģˣùأ
һ㶣Ӵ˻⡣
Աͭӱʦܵ˼˵Ǹ΢ˣð˻ϲ㷻Уʵֻһ϶ѡ
ⲻܡ׽µһ˵˽磬ֻ˲շУǳʶ̤ƶУǸ֮ܲˣ
ԱҲ˵û΢ƶУҵȶ˵ġ
ȴЦʦֵܶͶˣǾķţԿԷΪΣ΢ȷˡΪٵľǼٵģԶɲġ
һ¼˶ɫһ䣬ѵ˵΢ˣˣ΢ǽǼҲƭˡ
ֻа׽һЦΣٵΣֽѣصƢԣҾ˵ģԲ˵ΪƷУˣʤˣʲô⣿
׽¾ȻβӺͭӶɫ䣬ô˵ִҪΪϳͷˣ
׽ЦЦȻǴγһ߶೤Ķ̽̽ޱȣͼһԣֹ˿ھƣҲ˵жѾǱɡ
ӺͭȻջ𣬲Ҳ֪׽Ѷ࣬ĺͶԷֻ֣˲ûʲôգͭͷһתЦãʦֵܶ˾׽һӣҲϴһ仰ʱҪˣӦսǱ˵ˣҲ֪ͬˣǴδһð˵ϡ
˵꣬ͭ˾ͨתߡ
΢õϢʱѾʼʮ麮Աߺǧѩȥ׽²֪Ϣ
΢һһЦս磬˽磬淨һǾһʵΪ
ӿԼе屦ﺮԲ鷳Ҳа׽ѰԼһΡ
ھ׽˵ԼԲܣ΢Ȼˣ׽µԼѣԼҲöԷ׷ģǲܣ˶˵׽½ύһһϣ΢Ҳ뿴Լ֮ܣԺԥӦ
绹߰˸ʱ΢ʱ㹻

еУ֮Ĳϡ棬һпð˵ϣǾϡˣټӺͭӶ˿⴫ϢԺܿ췻֮ڱ˾֪ϲ㷻е֪²㷻еҲ֪ˡ
֮м֮Ц֮Ȼ˭֪Է治ˣǾǷ˹أʱͳ֮С
֮һͨͨľȻܵ˹עϲ㷻о֮أʱ֣ΧѾΧ˺ܶˡ
ӺͭҲˣһξͭӣʦ֣Ϊߣ˵ѾǴǳڵż˴Ȼǽɱ΢Էϴ﷨ߣ涨Ȼвٺ
ǵĹƣ΢ĺ񣬹ʮ֮࣬Ƕ˵Ҳ㹻ðˡ
ڶԷǲ֮˵Ǻɱŵķ֮ǿԿ϶΢ˡ


һǧһʮ 
׽ҲˣıȻЩأͭΪߣվǳڵĶˣ涯ԼҲδǶԷĵ֡
΢ô
Ұ׽Ҳ֪һͨԿԷΪϸʵۣΪһл룬ԿͭӺ˵΢ˣҲпģ׽֪ˣֻ˵΢ĸǰ;Ҳֵý
ȥ΢£Ҳ뿴ԷĴ㣬ð׽ºܸˣ΢ûоţҲûк£ԼͭӣǾս
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СӣµҲЦһȻͭѾ϶΢ˣԾóԶԷûǵʵȥԷĵϸϾһʱ䣬ôܷʲôرı仯
ʦ֣һнɱҿϴŵĽָǴ﷨ȻҪĺ񡣡Ӹʦִߵͷһӡ
ͭӳ΢ϣ
΢һͭӣҲһԾ£䵽У׽´΢СӦԣеˣǲֻ֮ǿͬޡһλ޳ɲ񹦵ɮͬȻǿǿᣬԷ˺Ƭ
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ʲôǵ˺˵Բƣ˻Դ߶Ǿųͬʱαǣս˿ͭȻ㶯һУУһ¾ͿԽ΢򷨡
Χս֮˵УŵĪǧѩ֮ǰѾ֪΢޳һƺɼˣǽţϾͭˡ
У޵еĴڡ
΢£ͭҲ˷ʱ䣬Ųʮɣֵָ̧˲һָƿնǷХ֮ɲǾ͵΢ǰɼһָΧȥͬһ㷢žһָͬˣ˵֮µϡ
ͭΪһɱ֣һ̣ŵһĻ
΢Ȼ㶼㣬ƾָϡ
˵ǰ֮ͺȻը˲䣬ָɨȥɷΧΧս֮˵Ķֹ
ˣһָ±ɡΧ˳˵ȻǶ΢ǲˡ
ǣȻû⣬ǣ΢ɣͭӲɱҲŹϷˣǵϡ
ɢȥ΢ȴǺδѾָûй΢֮ڣֻ˵һ⣬Ǳ΢ɡ
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ͭͫһҲŴͣǲţͬʱʩչʵۿȥһɵˡ
ôᣬˣôˣͭӿ΢˿̵ľ磬ĿɿڴǱҲò˶٣ɾһǰǿ΢Է˾˲١
뵽һֿܣ΢Ȼ˺Էľʲôôô죿ҺҪѶȼһ麮Ҫղſգ֮ô졣
Ȼǲ֪΢ĴƷҪµħģ˵΢ڶ֮һ΢ֻʱɡ
ǲ࣬Ҳ΢ԿΪĸ
׽˿ˣͬʱҲˣ˵ǵ۹ûҲ˵ͭӺ֮ǰֻں
ͭȻа˵һ̤һȭ΢һȭõ´ħȭȭɽѹɱһС
΢Ҳˣͬһȭͨȴڲ˫ȭײȻ죬ʯ޽ıȶϣҲǳ˵ƣȭȻƴƾС
ԹԣǰλȶҲûܽƣ˾Ȼһɫص
ҲǶ˶ˣͶ㶼ɻɽأȶӳƣǸոһ¶ȭͽжˡһ˳
Ƭ֮䣬΢ͭӾѾԹٴΣ˶ˣٶ֮죬ֻܿӰΪģֻܿӰٴ˷·ǧ٣ڳɱȭȭײըϡ
һ̣˷ֿ΢һȭӡ޴󰭣ͭҲһȭӡȴǴعǰݣܴ


һǧһʮ Ҳû
ˣعǱİݣ϶ǻˣͭħ弫򵥣˿һݵعǾȻ¸ԭˣϸðǾͱǡ
ұ㲻ţƾµѧˡͭӲɵҲ΢ӦǸոս˲ãǳöԷȣֲǿ͹֮½Էɱ
ڣͭӶ΢幦ҲܸȤµ幦едģеȴǴӸӶģǳڵˣ㲹ȫ֮мֵ幦ԲȫǹȥӶŵ幦ڻн̰ͭŨ˿ǴȫֽԷɱӶԷһкô
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ǳˣһҲĿɿڴԾһ
ӡѧ׺ɱǳڵˡʶʧ˵ȻһмΪɵ
ڳУҲסһ£΢ˡһҡͷΪ΢ϧ
Ͼ΢ʵҲڶԷɱ֮£ܵĻᶼûС
׽ҲǲԾվɫأųжˡ
ӡ΢Ǹо޴вǰҲǴ㣬УҲûá
΢似ֻǴ߶壬һɵ似ȭӦԡ
ȭժǹеһȭ˵£ɸǳսеǳһ鸡
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һҲֻˣ΢ΪԶ΢ʩչƸ󣬾ʮĸǳһȭ顣
˿΢ȭӦͭӡΪһȭֻ΢¹粨ξһӣȣȴһȭ
žž΢µʯֱ飬˸³ףѹȥһƬ״ݣȭգϣӡײ
һ˲䣬˶˵һ죬жҡҡ׹
ѾɵҪ֪ȶʯ˽ΪӲһ֣ѰҪƻǶϼѣ˭뵽΢һȭĳȻǱ˫Ųȵݱ飬ս֮ȶҲñϡ
ڱȶڵĽãųɾŵڳ֮ڣ򣬸ոһ¶ײжᱻٵ
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ȶǱһ˱ķɳȥײǽϣͭӡ
˿ѪֺϵĺھҲ飬մѪ¶֮ɫ·µһ㡣
ղŵļսͭӿ΢ʮԷ֪ʲô֮ǿȣٶȡǱľȻԼ¾ѧħҪǿһЩټȥʤϡ
ֻΪ˶ԷϵĺŷıȶǴʧߣ˿ͬѾ⡣
ʱ΢սŨƵһĸߣȻ΢һй֮ǰͻȻʧҲ΢бһ˿̼ȻҪǾʹʹ졣
΢Ҳȭⲫո޳ˣ˿Խ򣬸Խȹ̣ԽԽ󣬴΢һʤȻǽ糹ȹ
ͭӣһʼܺ΢Դ򿹺⣬ȻֻǱÿһȭ״һ쾳𣬶ɲǰȭǧȭȭһԽսԽ£һԽԽ£ͭӾȻǿģˣס֣ͭ䣬顣
˵꣬Ҫӳȶ΢öԷԸͭӴʲô⣬΢᲻֪һʼа׽°æţͭͶẮˣΪԳԶԷ׷ʹһǶ֣ģôõ顣
ȶڣ䣬Ҳ֮ӳȥ㣬Ӳȥʤ΢ȻŹԷ


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˶ľһɱҲǶȷϺ־ɱ棬ˣ÷ֻȭţȻ˴ơ
˶һ㣬˿̺΢ɱǣǽͷʤж٣
Ϊ𾪡
һ֮⣬ǵķشԷһ˿Ҫʩǲܵģٿ죬Ҳ첻˼ҵȭͷ˵ڰɾ֮ڣ˵ȭ˲Ϣ쵽Ӧ
ԣΪǳڣòҪͭӺ΢ԡ
д˿̱أȻҲԼʦ֧Ų˶á
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ûûΪǵĴ㣬ʦֵܶ˲Ҫȶɱ˶ᱦһ˼Ҷ־ҪģǲҪ㡣ԱһΪ΢ʶҲ˵
һ£ɫ࣬Ҳǲ֪˵ʲôֻϣԼʦֿԷΪʤ
Ȼֿ̫ˡ
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˿ͭӱ΢һȭͷ飬Ѫģһ͵һѵҩȻƬ֮ڻָ
΢ΪӮˣϵ幦ҵĹͷҶָܻҺΣôȥҹȻӮҲľԺͰɡ
˵⻰ʱͭʵҲǿ֮ĩҲǿţĵҩǶǼΪģһһ㣬ֻϣⷨס΢öԷ֡
˭˵꣬΢͵ô˵ҾӦöȫ򱬣λָ
˵꣬΢ƾȻ
ͭһ޵Ķˣ˭뵽΢ȻԽսԽǿ⻹ô򣿿䶼ûãԷһ˼ҪԼ
˵΢һֻƣƳ˶ãҾͲһֱά״̬ͭ·ߣֻҧͷһھѪȻ󷢶
ȼѪ
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ʱֻǺ΢Ӳ˵ȼѪսӵõʱ򣬵ʱ˵ԷΪʤ
ֻͭӵȻҪˡ
΢һֺ̧ȭٴʩչȭһͭӻӡֵһ£һѾʩչ΢һȭƸҪԭΪ΢˲䣬ҲʩչȼѪ֮
ȼѪ
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Դ˿̼΢ʩչȻǾޱȣһ̣΢ͨʩչȼѪȭѾǺȻֻɲ֮䣬͵ͭǰֻܳſ˫赲һ΢ȭ֮ǿѷֵܵһ죬ͭѾǱ΢ȭķ顣
ոռͭʩչȼѪлϣϾȼѪԳɱսǶЩǿԼΪͭʦʩչȼѪȻȼԪȡʤҲֵˣû뵽ȴ΢ȻҲȼѪһȭʦֺɱ
ʬأ΢ʩչ֣̽ͭϵĴ﷨ȡ
һȶĽѾԶ׼ͭ΢ʤ
ɫ䣬ȴǶ˵תߡȻʦֶ͵ʴףû뵽ôһˣԼҹζ࣬ʦǰΪ˽ߵɽҲȥˣҪ̷ȥ¡
˿Ŀ΢뿪ĵ֮ԽԷɱ󻼣ȻС
΢Ҳ£Ѿˣֻɱǳڵˣ񽣣ǳڵ΢Ҳˡ


һǧһʮ 
΢Ҳǳ˽ǻʲôʱ֪˽Ϊ㣬²˽УҲѣֻڣûкڣ۷壬ߵɽ̤һżںǧѩУޱȵĽأʵϣһͼ˺ŵĵط
µߵɽб죬Ҳˣ˽УбĵطȥˣڵߵɽУĴζмðѾʲôϡ£ûˣǳڣ΢Ѿ塣ն಻ѹܶмֶ˭Ը⣬΢ʱ䶼ú壬Ϊˣϸ˵΢Ѿˡ
ɵ磬ֻǺ쾳΢֪ܽɵΪҲһսǿ
ӱȶ΢ǳŰ׽¹һΣ׽һֱվԼһߣ΢ĸмǰ׽ͭӺӶԼˡ
ԭˣֲҪĺ񣬹ȻߣǺȼףһ¡׽˵΢ȻӦ˵ԼѾûдЧΪ˰׽ѣҲȥ
κȾƣֻ΢Ͱ׽£⼸ˣа׽µĺѣҲк΢ύˣһˡ
΢Ͱ׽⣬ɢɽӡ޾Լ񹬵Ӹɡ
ɽӺͱ޾ǰ׽µĺѣȴύ΢֮ǰ΢żӷ֮ĵ΢սʱ޳ɾűɣȻǹ񹬵ˣߣδ΢ô࣬ôһģȻǶ΢̸ºͼ⼫Ϊһȥͳѡ
⣬ǺҪ飬΢Ȼ־ͬϵģȻֵýύ
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ɽӵЦԴһЩֻ᲻Դ˼
λΪ˵ߵɽŻˣεߵɽΧΪһЩƳٿٶһʱգʵģܾܲôʱ˵棬Ψһһŵĵӣˣɢˡ
ȻŵӣȻŵӵϢԴ˿֪һطһȴһռݣǼǰȥնˣӦÿÿŪһö
Ա߰׽̾Ȼȵطô֪
ѹͣҲʱżȻֵģֻ֪˸֪ǿعɫʵߣһ˲Ƕ֣ȻʱͽǺôռˡ
ȻɽӺͱ޾Ҳ֪ʲôһ˫۷Ź⣬ϸѯϸڣֻ΢̫ЧãֻǰƷƣ˵
Ϊϡ٣˵һΪΪԾһ˵ֻһͷޣҲȥðᡣɽʱ˵͸һ˿
ɽӣԱ߱޾׽¶Щ⶯ҪȥûйֻǰһˣУǿɾ׬ˣһöֵǰˡ
Ȼ˲ɵͻȻ˵ⷬҲЩ˻ɣ˿̸һϣʲôıƣ˶ԼжȻΪɲŪı֮ˣȻ˵УǿŶȻǺܸߵġ
΢͵͵۲̽Ҳָɲû˵ѣһ΢ţȻǾЩԾ΢Ҳûзǰȥһ̽
ֳһͿһСǼȥðҲȷֵá
Ȼɽ˵Լմͽǰȥ
صҶϣ΢ſ󷨣ʺǧѩ˵ôǧѩȻҲ뷨룬ңôӦò߱ˣ뷨Լ̣ҿˣŪıƵˣҪ
΢Цˣǧѩó˲ܲǸǲʵϢ˵˼ҪϵƭˣҲ̫׾ˣ˶ѡʱŶԷ
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дӽŪö䣬ǿҲһʱ򼴱Ǹƭǣ壬΢Ҳ塣
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һǧһʮ 
ֻҲΪͭרעˣĴ﷨ҲֻĲϣһЩ幦Щ΢򵥷һ£Ȼ΢ҲûѾ壬Ǿרעһʱѧ̫̫ӣá
ʱޣ˵΢ѾﵽһƿҪԲǶʱڿģ΢ȡ񾳿ʼ
΢һֱе޸ߵͣǿ
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ͬ˿̣΢ڶ֮ǿΪԽһķĨȥԭƣԼΪԼķ
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ƳҲһǱ߸ɼæֻӹѡ
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˺ıȻǸȡ裬ڼƳðڵˣܻȡӹڸɣܽ½ύƳǳڵˣԼĹϵ
¼ı˿ʼϸڣ΢մǳڵͭӣҲǸһӣȻԸ΢ҪЩֶεģ컹а׽µڣǣҲҪһ
һҹȥ˵ڶգ׽Ѿʹ΢
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ԶɽҲܵ׵ع͵Ϯ˵ɽҲǳڵˣϾû΢ǰ˸ۣͻȻܵϮˣ׵عҪӮҲԲܣ˫֣ԶֻعǵסɽӵģʱȴպþǶԷҪɵĿġ
΢Զ׽ºͱ޾˱ͬ˲ס˻񣬾֪ǶԷõľ֡
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ãޱȣͬʱֽԼԳֵĺǧѩЦŮˣ㿴㣬Ǹ΢֪ңں£³㻹ǰˡ
ǧѩһ԰ףȴǽ΢ɽҧʦȥɣģΡ
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֮˶ɵˡ
ǾȻäɮ󼪣Ҵ˿̣λäɮؿڴϵ£һ߳ĽۣλäɮһΪ


һǧһʮ ֮
ǵзǼˣû뵽ɳˤڵϵĻäɮ󼪣ҿӣѾǱնֻʣ°Ҫ֪󼪵ϿԵ룬վǳڵ˴򣬶ʱκˣɴ˿ĲȻǱնƣʵ˲š
Ƴһͫһ
һ΢ȻԻäɮ󼪣˵ԷеͬǳڵΪ
ôܣ
ٿ̳УһƮֳһѲɫ׵ĳƮޱȣ΢
˿΢߶壬⣬ټгʮ㣬еĳǼƳˣҲ¶̰֮ɫ
һ񽣣̺ףܵô˽ǳ۽ʱȻԳǰʮƳпУѾ̲סҪռΪС
˿̵ϵäɮӿһŽɫ棬˵Ľ˿ʼԭλµĸȻո΢һû
äɮҲһŭޱȣСȻնң˷޸޲ҵͳһ㣬ұҪ֮ء
˵꣬߶ԭɵ;ȻСһЩңƸǿ⻹㣬äɮͻȻðƬ֮Դħһ㣬ֱֳۣ׳ޱȣÿһлɽصܡ
ħ壡
׽µһǼΪǿħԵѪǽնƬҲ
¶ͷֻ֣ҲǸͨ˵ǳڣǳڵҲǱذɡ
˿̣äɮǽĵչ¶˫⻹㣬ڵļƳʱ΢г˼˿Ҳǲ棬ֱǰǰһ֮΢гǺ΢ɱ
ã֣äɮ󼪵ͷħȻԵޱߣȴҲһȱ㣬Ǿ޷־á
ⱾֻǳڲʩչͨǳھʩչȻЩǿһ΢ȷǿмƳæȷո
ͼƳȡһͬʱһֻһȻǳƫƫȻǳһ
ڵ񹦡޾Ҳʧ˵ڵ񹦣벻ƳȻ޳ˡ
˻ˣǿôܵеùǳڵĸ֣Ƕǵƾ׽Ҳɫһ䣬ʱȥҲסˡ
ɲ֮䣬һ΢Ҫһн΢ɱ
ã̫ˣ΢αɡɣ˶˷ޱȡ
΢˿Ҳɫأոս񽣵äɮ󼪻ܣԷųƾټһƳȷѰ졣
΢޵ǳڣɵΪҲǳڣǶԸû⣬ڣ΢ǲһЩ
񽣡
Ҫ˵ƣ΢ûУʱ΢Ȼб
΢񽣣˷ͫ
ͼ΢ͷмͻȻѿһѷ죬һԲ͵ͫ䣬֮
˷ͫſ֮΢ƱǣϽѾͬʵʣһ̽ն¡
ǧߣݺؼ䣬ħ԰
һɫγɵĽֱնȥäɮ󼪣ǼƳǺë𣬾ޱȡ
һ׽סˣҲǱ΢ͷ˷ͫסˣǴ˷ͫϣӦϢ˾ŵΪıǴäɮ󼪺ͼƳ˲䶼סˣΪһ΢ˡ
ʱҲնˣƳäɮǸ֣˿ֱõ׹⽣ǷųԵĶһݡ
һ̣ն£ֱӽһն
ãƳæз赲äɮҲǴһֱϵһɽ֮ɫһٱ赲һ
صһһ£Ƴķ飬äɮ󼪵ֱҲǽֱۼն¡
΢߶˷ͫն׽Ҳɢ
ֻûȼƳäɮɿ΢һն
˴ûӣ⽣̫ǿᣬֻҧƴȫֵһΣƳȡһըƬĽäɮֱ۱ն䡣
˾ǣ΢ն
ôܣѵǳڣǺڵĴ֣ȻôնôལƳʵĿһΣûʲô赲һֻǴ߶ӲǱäɮҲ࣬ƳϾ֮ǰ΢һնˡ
ȥƳ屻һΪѹ֮£궼ӲˣֱӳäɮȻûֶۣǱ΢նһԴ
֮äɮǣ΢նĽ
äɮ󼪣


һǧһʮ ΢Ů
Ŀɿڴ֮£΢ͷ˷ͫĿΣȻǴ߶նĽϯӼƳäɮ˫˫նɱ
սˡ
ͨһѾŵĹڵϣʵ󲻳Ȼ˿ԽʦּƳäɮնɱУ޵еĴڣȻǱһͬɱ
ôһ΢ж
ѾȫٺͶԷո΢նĽÿһʮ㣬۽̫ͣߣ˶ٿԿһ㡣
׽£޾Ҳһ𾪣΢Ľÿһͬǳ˵ȫһʤһ΢ģ
ȻҲ΢ͷ˷ͫһʱ֮Ҳ֪΢ʲôʱӺڵ˼Ʋæӡ
ãߡ׽³˵ҪǱ΢Ѿ߲ˡ
˵꣬ͷһգ˲Ϣһ룬΢Ȼ˳ǽŲƹȥһնֻնɱ񾵽֣ͼӰ䣬ڵûӳȥǧɾͱ΢նɱ
ҹ΢֮ۺɵСŲ֮񾵣ٶȼж죬΢ж졣
һ˾Ѿնɱֻʣ¸һ̱ڵɪɪ
ɵǱסˣԴҲ벻ףΪ΢Ȼǽλ˾նɱ
УмƳäɮǳڵĸ֡
ⲻܡ
ƫƫǷǰ΢ͷ˷ͫøŵȽŷעȴǺܲ΢֮ǰ˸ɵ׵عѾǽˣԭҲܣ΢Ųƣ˲Ϣǧ֪ԼҲܲ
΢һͨһ򵹣ͷġ
֣֮ǰҹϣһ·ģٶȻð׽µ˲ݡ
һ·ãܷһ·𣿡΢ʣɻһæ̧ͷ΢Ѿڣ£ѵҪǹ𣿡
΢һЦﶼˣʲôµģңɱ㣬˭֪Щɱģ
Ļ£֪Ĳã»һźҪߣ΢һָһ
˲䣬һ״ӳѾӳȥ֮ĸֱ˸ɢ
΢ףףȵǿ˺ֹʮٱɱˣһǳڣֵܵȻ̱
һЩǴūѾŵɫͰ˿ͷ󺹣ûһ˿Ѫɫ촽ˣˣôңôô
׽ʱ΢ҲǴһ˿η֣ЩūҲɷŹϢȥڡ񹬶ΪУ˵δһֱٿԻһʱ䡣
Ա߱޾ɽҲǵͷǶֵܣ΢ǰ׽µѣǾǵѣԶ֪ʱնݳ
΢ͷȻԶǧѩǧѩ㲻Ҫô˾ͽˡ
ǣʦ𣡡ǧѩ˿ɽһɱ΢Ĺƾ츳ѾСɣΪǳ˽磬壬˿̲ѾԺͺ쾳Ტۣͼɱڡ
˿ҲǻȥˣŮˣŮˣΪɱң㣬ӾҲҪ汳
˵꣬ȡһɱ⼸ƳūҲ׺֮˿ҲɱҪƴһ
ȴǧѩֳֽȡһ䣬ٿһ˦һ

˿̺ǧѩʩչģһͳ΢֣ʩչѾҪ䣬ǧѩѧҪġ
ͼ˷һƾջ⣬ɲ֮뽭ڣͼһȻǽáһ߰˸ūͣ˿ȫǧѩסһͬʯһ㣬Ȼ޷¶֮ɫ
ǧѩһˣʵƯǰ׽µ˶۾һ֮ǰ΢˵ŮĵӣڿǡֻŮӵҲ̫տˣĪǣ΢˵һ
ƴУ˿ƵӣҪģǧѩдܷŹ
սģ㵱ɱҸĸΪҲ֪գҾɱ㣬ΪҸĸ𡣡ǧѩ˵꣬˽ɽ⣬ֱӰѽնƬūҲɷǧѩ˿Ҳýһһɱ


һǧһٰʮ 
Ҫ˵˻ЩսģںǧѩһŮȻͬһ㱻ף˵ǧѩֻǸ΢ѧʮգѾܣټʱգǧѩΪΪҲûпܡ
һЩ͵ϮҲˣֳҲֻ΢׽¡޾ɽԼԵūڳ
ոջսУɽӵūսūҲһֻˡ΢֪׽ºͱ޾϶Լǵūͣūͽ˵ȥһٶʱڿ϶û֪ԼɱЩˡ
ȻЩ֮ǰû֪Գ绹ǻ鵽Լͷϣʱ΢ԼȻԱֶΡ
˿΢˷ͫҲǱպϣǸоһѡ
ո΢Ҳûкǿд߶˷ͫնĵ׽΢ҲЩԲ
ʱڣ΢ٴηɵΪҲ˾ȼǳڣʱſԺ޹˼ɵնֽ
˸Թԣֵܣ˲¶డȻܽƳäɮ󼪶նˣɽⱲӳϰףڶ㣬ֻϧҼˣȻ׵عסˣɽʱ߹˵׳˶ɽ˹ոǱ׵ع͵Ϯ֮δزնɱعԮ΢
ɽǫˣҿǸɵ׵ع֮Ϊרſƺ˹ǿ֮ƣԶ̱ȳȻǱǵعѹŴ´ҽһƷ䣬ӦԴ󲿷䣬ʱع΢ЦɽһȻǼΪˣƷ䣿Ҳһܽң
Ȼ΢һɵۣûôƣֵܺѣ㼸кβɣ΢Ѿ֪ǿδغܾ˽統иϲ˽һЩŵУɽɢˣ֮Ϊȴ޶ӦͱȻ³ˣͬ΢˵ģɽһЩͲͬˣٶԸ׵عԴޱȡ
Ȼ΢Ҳ֪֮ҲƷƷߵ֮һƷƳġ
֣Σ޾ʱʵԸһ㣬Ǳ䣬Ҳ˵΢չֳǿʵõϿɣҲô
λոΪٶЩˣǲܰһˣӹûȡʱһ¯λ޸ƣΪ΢˵꣬ԶӹԼ
ֻߣҲЩǵģ֪¡ո΢նЩоֵ˾նɱ֪΢֡ˣҲûߣǸ߰ͷһҾƴļơ
ˣٴҲӦܿȴΪˣʱ׽Ϊ˵
΢΢΢һЦҪػĶҪ
˵꣬΢ȥ̧񽣵ҸϢʱ䣬뿪ҷߣȻ㽫նɱ
ͬʱɫ˵񣬾Ǻİ׽µ˶ǸоƤ飬΢ֲ̫˷УҲڼƷһ治֪΢Ƶġ
Ȼ֪񽣵ĺ΢ؾŶ붦Ԫֱ֮΢ԼʯƴŻ˷϶û
˿ֲ񽣣ȻΪԥǷ˻УԸһ
Ź֣׽ʱ򶼿⣬ѵǲ˵
ʱͻȻ˻һϾȻȼ棬αһͬһ㡣
֣׽¼ʶ㣬ʱ˵ǼΪϡٵѪޣû뵽ϧûнֶΣܽ併ɳȥȻԳΪһޡ
΢һҲһ㶣벻޾Ȼһһ֣ǾôնɱˣҲϧ
΢ҡͷˣȻΪ֣˵ʲôٸһᣬ뿪ɣҵֻҪӹ
΢Ѿгֲ뿪ҲסԷȡѹ֮á
ɾʱȻ˫Ŀ׹⣬·һͻȻļΪͻȻҲǳ΢ǳһԱ޾ͬʱһŶ棬֮ʯȫʴɷɻңⶾͨΪ˵ãҲմ
ѾǺǳһƾͣ޾϶ֵס΢ոѾƹû뵽ԷȻͻȻ裬һ΢Ȼ֡


һǧһٰʮһ һѵ
޾Ҳһæ˫һţʱһ޴ıѩƾճ֣ס˶棬ǽ˻棬ȻĶףԸΧǧɾ롣
׶Ժ˿̻ײȻǶ׸ʤһ
ʱ΢ų񾵣һգһ̣΢ѾǶ⵱Уɲǵ󣬽ݣ΢ٶȼ˿ԸϳȻޱȣҲӦͷ΢Ѿһն¡
γɵĽɨնɣֱӽǰһɽ𶼸һΪٿѾǱ΢նΣ˲ɱһ
Ȼ£档
΢նɱ׽ҡҡͷϧˣշޣһҲ쿪һ꣬ԼǣҪ˼ǲܵģֲԸˣֻɱҲãҲá
ɽǹһЦȥ鿴ʬ壬૵϶ǱߵƤ߽Ǻö
ʲôӦùУϾն޾ʱ޵ǺԸҲȱ˸һЩѽȡ
ǣҲû˵ҪɽڨڨһЦ΢һǼ˽վսѾǹĽ飬ʲôҵģǵģҶЩɽ֣ͷռˡ
ƺðɡɽҲѣһЦȡһСʼֽ⡣
Ǳ΢׽ºͱ޾ѾΪӹźԶ΢ԸܵӹϵϢȻⶫȻΪӹʵȴѵõĺö
ʱ΢ͻȻӦ̧һɨ̿ǹ¾ȻһŲݶѣǲݶѵУȻмһ߶ߵĳɫߵ
ǣ׽¿⼸ߵ۾ֱ̾ˣ˵Ǳ޾Ҳһı飬𾪣ǿϲ
΢Ҳɫߵ¾ǸղֻãֲöԷӣԭԴ
ҲͻȻһ΢ҲὫնɱ
ˣˣ׽ʱȥӹϵĹʵ۾ֱĶЩߵԸӡ
֣ײ˴ˣ֪Щߵжã¾ϲ˽Щ֣ЩҲἤޱȡ׽ʱ΢˵ﵱеļԲװġ
ǼߵΪūͣǶһ֡΢ȻЩΪȻ
Ա߱޾̵ô򵥣ʧ̬񵰣Ҹղһֻ֣˵ЩҲӦǣҪǣ⻹ǵ̣һѪԪ񷨣Ԫս
Щ΢ͷһ˵ҲǴк棬֮׽ºͱ޾΢ǱӹҪϡٵĶ
ʱУֻгŻ磬˸ܽȥԿ֪ҪⶫĿжôС
ΪˣЩŻ˵
°׽úļūͺˣվ棬Ͼ飬Խ֪Խã֪˵ǳڣ۷ˣ쾳˶ܲݣᡣ
ˣԪ̫ˣ󵽿ǷһУɱ˶ᱦ
һöߵһϼƣ΢һһϾ΢նģӦ΢һ
ֵ֣ѵã΢һ䡣
׽̵ǵȻӦĳѪҪ֪Уһ屾һȺ˵ҪľѪѪϣһѪʲôǿ
΢˵ͷνԪ֮׽ЦЦ˷ֲʣҲ֪֣˵Ԫ֮ʲôصܶ˶Ԫ񣬲ǼҵҲֻҵһЩΪͼҰֽ̥˵ʵϣ㲻ϣֻҰһɼˣҲǴϾսʱԽΪʩչһЩͨ
˵ţ׽ָͷһöɫ񾧣Ȼݸ΢ȻԪ֮ķţ΢һ̽飬ѾȻأϸһ֪֮ϸ˵ʵսħħת֮ĸ߶˰汾
ħħת֮б׶ˣǾǽĳ޻ΪԼԪ񣬴Ӷȡ޵ͨ׽¸ķȴǿԱԪ񣬵ǵڶԪţȻŸá


һǧһٰʮ ʥ
΢Ͱ׽һ£Ȼǲܻȥˣڻ£Ӧö֪ǵȥһ΢𣬱΢նɱʱ򣬻ǵžѾ֪ˡ
ǻȥ˵Ͷֵ񵰣ҪһȫҰĵطڶԪֻҪɣΪһúͨ
Ҫġ
΢ǲطУǾչӹҲǽժ˸⣬Ȼһ뿪ǧ֮һɽµ£ѰһѨȥ֮΢Զ֮ٶаɳĸӦǴ´ࡣ
ɽӵū֮ǰģֻа׽ºͱ޾ūͣòŮӣ˿ҲǺͺǧѩһһ˸Ĺ
΢ԪķţϤ֮󣬲ſʼڶԪ񲢲򵥣Ʒʱ䣬հ׽µĻ˵Ҫҹʱ䣬Ȼϣڵߵɽ֮ǰɵڶԪһߵɽ֮ҲԻøĺôһ㣬ںµ鷳Ҳһս֮
˵΢˹ĥϤֱȫ͸ſʼֻƬ΢ͣ
սʱǰľŶɣһ΢ҡΪңѧɣ˿΢Ԫ֮Щɣ˵ӦǾǧһʱһʱ֮ǰڣҲЩʱˣ΢ϲȫĽ˿ַëȻǶ໨ʱԼ뷨ĽԪ֮
˵ˣǽոڶԪ񣬶ҿͬǰͷͨ
Ҫ֪һЩͨѧģǸֲѪе֮ͨͬһ壬ףƤȵֻͨһ巽ʩչ
ɵڶԪôҲʩչ
ȻΪҪڵһԪ񣬱Ͼ΢Ԫ񲢷Ψһģֻнƣô˵ôɵĽһģһ
΢֮ϸĽȫȻǽԪԸĶһֻڶԪ΢ȴǿͬʱԪ
΢ﱾö컯񵰡
΢ҪҪؾŶģȻޱȣϾԪԲע⣬Ϳܻɢޡⷨǲ̸ܽ׽ǵģֻ΢Լ
ոһգʱ
΢Ԫ棬ȴǳȷѪ꣬ԭ򶼺΢йء
ڵ˷ּƳŵ֮ǲȻŭ֮󣬼Ƴʦʥˣλһǳڵ˸֡
²˽磬ǳھѾǶһĴڣ²˽ŵУҲǸ߲һ
ȻģСҲˣоʵģֻмƳһˣգڵ𣬻ǼƳʦʥǽƳδġ
ôһ׿ԽĵӣȻˣ֪ڵĴж
⻹ҪҪʱ޷ԼʥͳڵĹ֮ˣǳڸ֣ͨ󣬻һ̽µӿ֪ѨĽ˼Ƴͬʱŵһͬǰȥ
˵ƳҲǳڸ֣鷳ܵı»еģȻ䣬Ǿ˵Ⱥ塣
¼ʥԽѨӪֱһͽѨڵһɽ롣
Ѩ֮ŵĻ겻壬æĳӭӣҪ֪һɽҲһǳڵˣмʥҲ֪ʥڵĸ߲㣬ǲõ
ʥҽģȻҲ˼䣬Ѩ֮ͼæ֮ǰŽļʻһʲ֪ô顣
ô˵һԳһɵ΢ˣɱڵӣԽȥҳˡʥ˵꣬ǻһʧȻѾ֪Է˭Ǿͺðˡ
֮ǰǸУʥϵ̴֮µĿӴʦȻҲѰǸһ΢һʲ֪äɮ󼪵ĴµҲˣ˵äɮҲˡ
ʣȻǺͼƳͬһʱ䣬¼ʥͿӴʦһ𣬽˸׳졣
˲Ұʥǳڵ˸֣ӴʦȻֻǳڣ˵һͿԽǳڣҪǣӴʦˣս֮£ǼʥҲδӮԷäɮȣӴʦҪǿ
ô֣ǷеҲֻѲ顣


һǧһٰʮ ޳
Ҳҿ΢Ͱ׽ûзطУȻǼʥͿӴʦûҵ΢Ҳûҵ΢йϵİ׽¡
ΪѾȷƳäɮ֮΢йأַͣκṩһ΢Ͱ׽ˣԵõںµĽͣʹķᣬˣ˿ʼѰҡν֮±·򣬼֮ṩ˵ǰӼ񹬵ĸɴ΢뿪֮ƳäɮҲ˹ȥ
¾Ȼǣ񹬣Ӵʦüͷһ壬ˣϲľǹš
˵пǡ
Īǹ񹬹΢˼Ƴʦ󼪣ӴʦԶ󿪣뵽һԡ
ʥɫ䣬ǳڵ˸֣ɹҲǺ޼ţˣǾЩ鷳ˡ
ˣʥҲưոݣƳİĵӣǹҲ棬ʵҲȻϹȥ˵
ֻǺܿ죬Ǿ͵õϢ񹬵ĸڼƳäɮ󼪱ɱĵ죬Ҳˡ
Ϣм٣Ϊǹ񹬴лϢ
еһڣ񹬵ϯлΪļʥͿӴʦͬʱһ
һ̵飬·ĳַ
ǰӴʦҹеͨͫҹͨӣҹڶϣ˼֮ͫµջ鿴ԷͷʮϢľҿɱҸʦܵģǸһ΢л˵꣬߶˲Ǳ̵һʣγһͼǸ֮ǰ΢ɱʱľ
Ȼ΢Ҳû뵽񹬾Ȼط˵΢ô˽ˣǰ׽Ҳǲ֪Ͼֻй񹬵˲֪
΢һ׾ͽնɱʥͿӶüͷһΪͨɵ۾˼Ƴäɮ󼪲Ƶʬ壬Ҳ΢
΢ɱҳͽʥһŭǳڵչ¶ţжҡҡ׹˵ǳڵΪǶ֣ܳҡ
ĪҸղżʦʬǴ߶֮ӣ˵ʦʩչǿֶ֮űɱ˵΢һˣΪǳڣһɱͽܻҵʦܣҿȻЭ˵Ǹ׽£֪ǾĵӣߣȻǾΪҲֻһɢˣΪݣ⣬֪Ķɰ׽´˽ѹ㷺֪ӻһ壬֮ǰȥ˵ǾͶӴʦʱ˵Ӵʦĸߴ󣬵ƤͬƤһ㣬ͣĿ׹֣һ㲻Ʋ硣
ңղҼӹȡҲҩмֵģ಻ţûп죬Ӧֵ֣ǰӴʦ
һǼʥҲ۾һ
ȻȱҩȴǼΪϡٵ֣Ҫһ𽣣ȴȱһЩϣֵƤ͹ǣȻԼ𽣡
뵽ʥԥ׽ºͶ΢ᣬһ𷢲ͣҪҵǣУȻӴʦ֪ǿܵĲ֮ʦ·£ɴɱҲɷŹ
λǰлԸһͬǰԱ߹񹬵лǰ˵
£ڣ£ڸʮˣһӴʦ˵Ĵ䡣Щ׽ɢ˵ս׳һΪ˽ѱ£Ӧһȥշһ䡣
䲻ʮˣԿɽдΪûˣȴǰ͡ͻȻʥ֮Ǽɹʱһӽһץʣͨ˽ķˣȴҲö飬׽ڴһ죬Ϊˣʮûκ˸ɧţ׽µĺãȻ׽£ңǵȷҲ֪׽µڡ
̬ȣǼŭѾŭյļʥˣЩУ֮¶ϣǶǲǾͽ𣬾ô򵥡
Ǽʥһʥֱ֣ӽӺϰٿֱĨȥľӡϰ޹顣
ǰ׽º΢ӦǶҿǱȻȥߵɽͶ񹬵лһ⡣
ԣǲ»ȪҲȻҪ⼸СץɱӴʦҲ˵
ãߣȥߵɽʥ汻ɱϰ޹飬Ŀ죬ߵҲ죬һûټ


һǧһٰʮ ͨ
ڼʥ¿Ӵʦ񹬴лʮλѲһ΢׽£̤ƽһ䣬ɱˣϢһƬ˲
ڡ¡񹬣ЩȻ˲֪˲ⶼǳ۷ţһ˸ǡڰ׽£вҲ˵ģһ΢֪
ӽ쿪ʼ΢ֺܿͱĳˣԭܼ򵥣ֽסڼʥ˴Ѳ֮£΢նɱڴӼƳäɮ󼪻й񹬸ɵϢǲֶߣԽԽаռ΢ͭӾ΢һȭͭӴ򱬵ˣǻɫһɾս
ʱ䣬ڵߵɽΧǧ֮ڶУ΢ĴѾ˲֪˲ڴ֮ǰû֪һ΢ʲôˣ֪һʲô˽ˣֻ˵ϲ˽һڡ
Ҳ̽һĵϸû֪Ҽû˿΢ܶʥ˵׷ɱ΢նɱ˸ɡƳäɮ󼪣ϼʥӴʦҲԺʤ㡣
Ϊ̫ˣ˶֪΢϶ľսĶĳҳ棬Ϊһ֣̻ᱻΧں¿Ͳִ֮ͣ£û˸̻ǣҲû˻̻ǡӦҪ˶ã΢а׽¾ͻᱻʥɱ
޵΢Ͱ׽Ȼǲ֪
ߵɽһʱ䣬ռ˽䵽΢Ǳչصɽ档
⼸ɢˣ֮£ΪǮ֣˵ˣͺͽһƫΪ
ЩʲôֻҪΪʲôԣǳΪĺܿ죬ҲΪѧ̫ӣҺѧΪ󶼲ߡǰ⼸ͷܴȻûǳڣֻǳڣķҲķˮ
˿⼸˵һȻͷˣ˿ʶʲô
⸽Ǹ׽µζ͵϶ڸĹ˳˵Ϊ϶
ԱһͷĿ˹һЦҺаڣѪͨǱӣ磬ֻҪŹζǣҵǸ׽£Źζһ·׷ٵȻ׽ҲͨУץס϶ҲǹͺܴҪǣҿ϶׽º΢һ˵οһ˫񡣡
ĿΪߣѾǳ۷壬üĵĺĹֶ֣ͨζüĵĺϡ
⼸˵УȻ죬ǵ棬һձߡ
ֳһȣ۶ͷ°һ̣ϹģȻţȴ͸һɫ۵Уӡ֣Ȼȥһ㣬ʣͷЩ˵һ
ȷλ𣿡ձͷһ䣬ɳƣ˲
ͷ˰ҡͷ죬׽µϢʮֻңҹӦ󷨸ҿ϶Ǿ⸽֮ڡ
ãҷɢȥңסһҵ̷ʾ׽ºһ΢ȻɱƳäɮȸ֣ǵֶΣĪձͷһ⼸˶ǵͷɢȥҡ
ܿ죬ɽضڱҵˣձͷ˾ۼڶڣ¿ǰЦûˣ棬ã󣬵ʱһ׽á
ǣϴ󣡡
İͷֵҲһˣûġ
Ŀ˼æȥձͷ䷨ȻǴӻȡһɿݵִһЩڵϣ˲䣬Щͬī֭ˮ˲佫ΧɷΧ֮ڵĵ涼Ⱦԭʯ棬˲ճձͷпָͷѪ
һѪ£һʮɶ೤ĺɫ򼣬ڶѪ£һ̶ߣѪһһ£ֶЩȫУмֻ޴Źֵļ֩룬֮󣬽ļ棬ֻҪҪ̾ͿԴ̳ɱˡ
⻹㣬ձͷһ棬ͷųһƬ֮أΧǧɷΧգһͨٴ󣬲ƿҲӳȥ
ˣĿȥɣǲͱǳձͷ˿ʮ㡣
ĿһЦȻǰɤӣʼ
ĿΪͬ޺𶯵ĵ涼ζѣ˵ɽ棬Զĵط
׽£΢
ǰĶϵʯЩܲʼݡ


һǧһٰʮ 
һûĿԽԽߣ罣ɽʯ䡣
ⶴеȻ
ʵϴ˿̰׽¡޾ɽǰվѾӱչصֻ΢ڱչأԾڶеȺ
û뵽ȵڣȻ
ǵһӦǱ¶ˣϾ˿ָգ˵ڡº͹񹬵ĸ׷ˡ
۰׽»˶ǵСµˣиͬͬǶ޳ɵڶԪȻƷδغܸߣϾǵڶԪѾѪͨΪ
Ȼ׽µҲ̣ʮ㡣
ϵܣϵܣ˽һֱҲʣɽȥ̽̽·ɽ޳ɵڶԪĴ˿ȻûнǳڣҲˣ˵׽ºͱ޾Ϊ࣬ԭͿǳںܾã˿̽ڶԪ񣬽ΪֱͻƵǳڡ
ȻֻǸողڣҲԲǳڵǳᲢ۵ģǼƳäɮĸǰҲˡ
Ȼ̽·ֵһǰȥãֵڱչأͲҪˣúڶԪ񡣡׽ʱ緢ΪͻƵǳڣҲû֮ǰţԾ鷳ţڵΪҲӦÿӦ
˷ԸūغöȻ
棬Ŀ˺˼䣬Ϳ˳Цһ󱲣ڸҳˣĿ
Գ档
˲ո߳İ׽µˡ
ߣС޾һЦһſһ磬˲һӿХ֮һжǼڰоͱסɽ˫һģһ𵴲ϯЩ顣
Ȼɽӵ𵴲ƲֱӳԶĿˣһ㶣üĺҲǵһƣͬˮɢɽӵ𵴲ײһ£Ȼǲʤ
Ǻˣ׽ʱ򻺲߳һ֪ΧˣԶһձߣϵȻԣ׽ܿ߾һҲΣյһ
Щôڻµˣǹ񹬵ˣ԰׽²žֶʡ
Ŀ˺˼ձǰǺ˲ҪҪǣǱøߣǲԸ⣬ϷֻӲˡ
׽üͷһ壬оЩԾ£ʶܹ㣬˿ϸһЩˣ뵽ʲôµԭԹˣƫŵģ֪ĳʵλ
Թ˹һЦֲªϸǽѱµİ׽£Ȼϵ࣬ﲻҵԩ޳𡣡
׽ЦһΪԹ˻ΪѰĳ
ЩʲôԭԼӦǸʲôһ΢Ȼ죬ɱϯӣɱµäɮ͹񹬵ĵӣǽŵˣǣưոѾ²˽緢ͨֻҪܽǸ΢ץȥģлͷˣҲ˵ͷҲ֪ǸһеģʵΪƣòˣ׹ӺԹɭɭЦΪǸ
ֻ䣬׽¾ס
һ̣˷ȻðֵĶ򼣬ߣ;޴ɢаϢһɱ쾳һ֡
Сģ׽ѣ޾Ӧ죬˿ͷȻðһӰֻӰǳɫͬһε֮ɫĺ֮ǿʮɶԸܵ
Χʯ͵˲һɺ֮½ЩĶҲֱӰ֮£жһ֡
Ǳ޾ĵڶԪ񣬱˪Ԫ
һ̣Ԫſһ裬ȻǴŶĺϯ򼡢˲⣬ͬһһ㡣
ǱԹһ΢΢ԾϾǵڶԪ֮Ҳ⣬ֶΡ
֣
һ£Χͬʱ֣ʩչͨɱ˹ȥɽӿһҲǷųڶԪսսһţԱ߱޾Ҳһ׽ûж֪ѶԸԹˣԽעڶԷϣԷŶ
룬ɱƬ֮Թ˿˵˲䣬ͻȻð̣һɣӵð飬Զܡ
һͻϮļΪͻȻǰ׽ҲǷӦԱɽӺͱ޾˲˵һȱ̴һӱ̴ˡԹ˵·Ӧ죬Ŀ̷ųס׽á
׽鼱֮ҲǷųĵڶԪȴһӡľƺ«̺׽¹һڣŷԪ֮Ҿ׽ƤǱĳ죬һҲʲôֻ̧ȭȻص棬ɲ֮䣬һɳЩڵݼв㵱еĲǱѪ


һǧһٰʮ ң
ڵڶԪи˵ķ޾ɺԪ񣬿Գɱѩ
ɽõľʮԭʼڶԪ񵱳ɼӳ֮ԼӳΪ̣
ڰ׽£ǾЩˣȻǽڶԪһƣ֮󣬾ڶʱһӵоͶ֮䶼лصֻ⿴ȥͨһȭҲɱЩڰĲ롣
һȭȥԹ˲µҲ𶯲ֹЩ飬ҲֻЩ׽µǿҪƾһ˵ѶȻǼġ
׽һУԹҲüͷȻҲһû뵽⼸˾Ȼ˵ڶԪ
Ҫ֪ڶԪɲô򵥵ģϲ˽Ȼʣе˶ڶԪͬǱ䡣²˽У޳ɵڶԪľˣֻЩепɽлԵĲп
׽µʦǾΪǳڣҲֻ²˽ĸ֮һһˣǾҲδڶԪΪ׽»ȻԵ
Թܻ֮˺ãһΧ΢Ͱ׽£ȹ̵Ϊ;տȻĵƣͬҲΪԹĵڶԪ
ͬˣеڶԪģǱûеö࣬Թ˵ĵڶԪΪֲԵûаܹһЩ̫ĸΪУΪĵڶԪ
꣬Թ˱׷ɱԵɺ֮±һ˾ˣԷһ֩񣬵ʱﻹ̥
Թ˵ʱ˴һẦĶˣǽԷ̥˵ڶԪ
Ҳ˵Թ˵ĵڶԪһӵһּΪͨн˿
н˿ΪԵϸС˵пκζһЩǳûн˿͵ϮҲޡ
ΪˣԹ˲е
˿̼׽ƣЦԭɱǼƳäɮ󼪵㣬Ҳֻȱ£Ǹʲô΢ӦֻŪһˣϧڶԪȻǿᣬԹˣҲ
˵꣬Թһһ̣ĺ󱳿ʼ䶯·𣬷·ʲôڲϵĳѣһ̣Թ˵·һ±ſͼȻǳһ޴֩룬֩Թںһ𣬾ͬӤһ㣬Ҫж죬Ҵ˿֩뻹ڲֻƬ̣ͳһ峤ɵȻ
֩ǺԹӵģȥ쵽㣬ͷ·Թ˱֩һ
óԹ˺ܳªȴЦ
׽£ٸһᣬԶ˫۸ߣܸһ·ǲȰǾͱҲˡ
׽ȻԷģ˿ҲһأɽӺͱ޾˿̺˾׽֪ҲֻԼܶԸԹˡ
ó֩԰׽ҲдԪƣǾѬ죬һ̣˵ڶԪȻһּΪŹֵȭԹˡ
һҲɫء
ȭãȭһȭҲٮٮߣԹ˱һȭ
˵꣬ԹɭɭһЦǾ޴֩Ȼһһ̣˷Ȼ˿
Щ˿ϸëԹͨн˿
˿һ䡣
Զɽӵһ˿סֱۣҪѣһ̣һֱѾп
˲䣬ɽӰܡ
޾Ҳûֶãн˿Ȼº۱޾ô߶ǽʮɷΧɼأҲסЩн˿
ձնһţ˱ץ
̶ʱֻʣ°׽һ˿֧֣ȭȷȭ죬޷Թ˵Ҳ޷ԸЩн˿ҲǱס֫ʩչȭʱȻ֫ᱻն¡
˴컨׹İ׽£Ҳˣˣ˭΢ԴֵǮҪҾɱˣһһԹ˵˵Ȼˡ
Ǳ£ĿҲɭɭЦڵͺܸߣ˻϶Դһʡ
׽µ˶ңԣԹüͷһ壬ʣ˵ǵȻ˭΢
ңʱɽдһһ߳˿ͨͨȴǵ纣˫Ŀ䣬֮󿴵׽µ˵Ĳ״ֵˣ˭Ҷ΢ѳôأǾͶ°ɡ


һǧһٰʮ Ԫ
Ӷ߳Ȼ΢
׽µڶԪ񻨷죬΢ȴȥʮ죬ԭܼ򵥣΢ԪԭģѾԪ塣
ӵԪ֮΢ΪˮǴߣֱӴӺ쾳쾳
Ҳ˵Ԫ֮΢ΪѾﵽɵ۷壬һǳ
һαչ΢ջ񼫶࣬޳Ԫ񣬸Ԫʱһܡ
΢ɵļ죬ʵÿһҪȱ˶öŬ˵ΪʵĻٿ죬֮ӣȴΪ֤ʱ֤ɵ
΢Լˡ
ɵȷǸ΢Ϊκͬ˶Ҫȹ̲˵ҲǼΪ٣ֻ˺֮ɵļֵȥ޳ɣǿԺԲơ
΢벻ԼȻһɵһԪ΢˾޴鷳֮ǰ΢ĽԪϿԪ񣬲ʵϲô򵥡ͺһӵˣûϸˣһЩһЩֻ˲ԪԭһһǾԲõǿˣܻὫԼԭԪ񶼸ű
΢ľ鷳֮ǰӹƵļƷҩṩ㹻άԪ񣬵ɵĸȹסԪ񣬷ԪᣬҲ̱Ȼԭ΢Ԫһ΢
Ϊɵ΢ȻǽܱɿܣһԪ񣬴˿Ԫͬһ壬ǽ΢Ϊ쾳΢˼ΪǿѪͨ
ո޳ɣ΢ͱ춯ѣʱÿԹ˽׽׽ã΢ȻǲӲ
֮ǰ΢ֻˣҲ鷳΢Ϊôܻ鷳׽µ˵Ĳ״΢Ѿɱġ
΢ȻԹǰΪ죬΢Ļˡ
ͼԹɭɭһЦô˵΢ҿҲô׽£Ŀ˰ɣͳղŵĿԴĻҽվ͵ҪֻԴȥ;С
ǣ
Ŀǳ΢ɱ΢ֻһ۾ͿЩ˵Ϊϸ΢ö񽣣ֻǰڳһȭʽȻȭ
أأ
ȭǣĿǳڵ˻ͨ赲΢ȭƲɵȵĿӦʱѾˣͼѪ΢ȻȭĿɱ
ôܣԹĿɿڴԼǰҪ֪Ŀõ£Ҳǧֶ࣬²Ҳֱһͱɱ
ֻ˵Էȭ֮ǿԶԶĿܳܵļޣԲŻˡ
ȭһǳڵ˴ģ⵹޿ɺǣõ鱨Ǹνһ΢Ϊˣ˶ѣô˲ȭɱǳڵˣ
Թ˿Ŀ˲ȡɶԷȭƿǷ飬ȻŽɱ
һ֣ɱԹ֪΢϶򵥣΢ɱ˼Ƴäɮ󼪣Ըָ֣ȫԸѹסԷľԼ
ͬʱԹҲǶǿֶΣн˿ͬ޵һ˹ȥ
Сģ׽´˿̱ŶãֻǴѣʵ΢ע⵽Ű׽µ˵˿˷΢һȡ񽣣һȡ񾵡
ҫ΢Уɲ֮ͳİΧὣնһһӶĽԹ֮ĸ˾նɱ
ЩҲǳڣֶΣеĸǴ߶˷ûã񽣵׽£һзֽͬİ㣬ס΢һ
΢Թˣ̹ǣԹ˿񣬾Ȼ̲ס˸¡
ǲȻŭ
ˣԹ˶йָоĳŵǳڵĴ֣Ҳˣ΢ʲô
һû˵΢Ҳͷ˵ԹԸӦԷֻˣôܻ
ⲻϵ
ѵΪԷеһ׽
뵽Թϸȥ̰ô˵Ҫ΢ɱϾҪҲˡ
˿򣬿ԹʱطͼǾ޴֩뷢һ̶˻Уһ͸˿


һǧһٰʮ ֮
һ͸˿ɽ緢˲鲼΢һһץԶ׽¡ɽӺͱ޾ֱŲƻضС
ùǳ绹ǵԹʮ㣬һͬʱնɱǳڵ˸֣ҶԷл෨в˿
У˭㲻н˿Χɱ
ɡԹһһ̧˲ǧٵ͸˿΢
Щ˿ӸǶɱ˵ûκǣҲܶ㿪ȴ΢ţ񾵹⻪һ̤ţѾվڲĿռ֮⣬ȻǰʵԶߡ
ûõģ˿Уκοռ򶼲ãٿռݣնһԹЦ΢̫棬˿ͨǶԷ˽ģֻҪԷ˿ķΧ֮ڣٿռͨͱݣûκô
ͼ˿飬иӣ˷ռٵ͸˿ش󣬾꼸΢µžȻǱЩ˿飬ȥƲն΢
ԹΪʤѷֵʱЩ͸˿Ȼն˸գ΢ӰͬӰһȻûʵ塣
ôԹͫһæٴδ߶Щ͸˿ɱȥͬ΢Թ˿ˣԼ͸˿ȻǱԷ巴˻
˿΢Թˣͬڿһˡ
ĿԹŭգľ֪նɱ˶ٸ֣û
֮Թ벻ףΪԼǿ͸˿ûЧ
ʱ΢ڵ㹥ôҲκβңڸҹˡ
Թ꣬оͻ𣬼æΧ͸˿һֻӬҲܴЩ˿㿿
ЩãԹд󶨣ȴǽ΢Ҫңһʮڣ̻ᱻгƬǲž
˿ΪǿԹ˲΢ͻơ
Ҳţ
΢˵ʱʱ죬΢һ̣УֱԹȥߵЩ͸˿ĵط΢˿壬·һǰ
Թ˾ͿҾԲŵһĻЩǿɱﵣ͸˿һ΢̱˲΢
Թ˾ôɴ۾ŵĿ΢һһͻǧƵ͸˿ߵǰ
Թ˵ĽſʼȶҲʼˣǰһĻ߸е֪ʵ벻ףΪ΢᲻͸˿
͸˿ԼڶԪǿͨһһ˿ų޿赲
˼֮£΢ѾߵǰԹ˻΢¶һڣ䷨
֮䣬Թ˾Ͷãֻǵ۾ͷ󺹡
΢񽣣͸˿ǹԣ޿ƥУ˿ͷ·УѰ˵ȷ赲ϧҡĵڶԪ񣬽ڶ֮໥ںϣѪ֮ͨ类ȴȻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôԿƹߣǾֻоӣ𣿡
˵꣬ӽն¡
Թ˷Ѳ΢ƣһ̣׽նͬϵڶԪĴ֩һԹ˱նΣѪҺ˲ͱ׽Թ˵Ԫһ𣬳׻Ϊޡ
ԹһΧƿ΢һ֪ΧûˣȻξֻԹһǸĳͨѭζġ
صУǧѩΪ׽ˣ˵У˵صǱ޾˫ȱնϣɽӶһۣ֮ǰ΢Ųǵʱ򣬽ǵĶ֫Ҳһһأ˿̺ǧѩѾǽ֫ϡ
˽Уͨ˶ӵж֫͸˵ˣʵҲض֫Ҳƾǿ֫壬վķһЩ
΢ƽ׽µҲ˿΢˵΢ʤˡ
ȻѾ֪׽»̲סʵ֣Թأ
һնˣ΢ش赭д޳Ԫ΢֮ǰԵֻ˵ڶԪ֮ͨʹȫʤ˵ڣ΢ʱ˽վȽŸ
һ̣΢ʩչڶ֮ɽӺͱ޾޸ϱ۶㣬Ҳǿе֪Թǵĵϸ
ԭˡ΢Ҳû뵽ǱչصȻô顣ڡ¡žȻͬʱͣҪԸԼͰ׽£Ҳ


һǧһٰʮ ɽ
ǧѩͰ׽µūͺλ۾̽Ϣ
λ۾꣬Ű׽ҲЩͷˣѧһ׾ǿһ˾֮£Ѱ֡
ǧѩӱչҲǳΪһǧֳ΢͸һɽŮ˶ߵľ飬˿˴̽һͽ̽
֪ǼʥͷǿӴʦǹ񹬴л֣ǳڣһǳڣ˵ڡѾǰ˸ɹ
ǰ׽˵ӻļӾȻܵЩ˵¾ը˷Ρ
ʥҲѣҲһʦǳڵˣȻͨ˺֣Ұ׽ɱΪ˰
˵ţҪȥ΢æ׽£˵ʵҲû뵽ԷȻ˱Ȼͨݡ
׽¾ôȥ𣬾ԲǶֻ֣ǱԷɱ
΢չ֮ǰ֪˵һǳڵˣ΢Ҳֻݱܷâαչ֮΢ѾӵԪͨԳɣһԪں񾵣ʩչֶ֮λкܶ࣬ٽ񽣣ǳڵ΢Ҳһս
֣϶ҪҶ΢޹ĺˡ΢ġ
ʦҴϢǼʥѾڵߵɽҪͶǧѩʱ˵
ߵɽ΢ЦЦ壬΢ҲҪȥΪ¹صؾŶе鶦
΢Կ϶Լ鶦ôɵΪȻͻƵһﵽǳڡ
΢ʱǳڵһսһȡ鶦΢Ľǳڸնɱ
˵εߵɽ̶Ѩ΢ҲҪȥ
֪΢Ҫȥߵɽ׽¡ɽӺͱ޾ҲҪȥǵĻ˵иͬͬȻֵܣƴ¾ٲǡ
΢ǰȥתһ룬հ׽˵ĵߵɽлԵģ΢ո֪޾һߵɽ֮ĳ˲ôеķֻҪȥȻԻþ޴ĺô
±޾ɽӾǳֻһţǰȥߵɽʮа˾ſԽǳڡ
׽֮ǰչѾͻƵǳڣѰһЩҲսԹĵˣҲһս֮ˡ
һļϣһͬǰǧѩͺλ۾ҲҪһȥ΢һ룬ʥͨԼͰ׽£ɽӺͱ޾Ӧû⣬˵ǧѩͺλ۾ˣǼһǰȥԼͰ׽˽飬ܽȥǺãǽȥǾɱȥ
޾еߵɽĳеܣֻ֪нɽ֮ڻôУΪҲûоܾɽҲһǳֻ벽ȥɽУԽΪȥֻдﵽǳڣкڡЩſıǮ
¼˻ָƣ޾ɽӴźǧѩжȥǧѩʱݱ΢ӣҲԼλʦǳˣܽͨˣԶ΢ǧѩʮġ
ʦ𣬴˷˳ߵɽǧѩȻ뷨ͻˣɾǳҲʦСģǧѩݱ𡣡ǧѩڵϳ΢һͷŸű޾뿪
׽ΪĽ֣һͽģãҪĹ׿Խҿɾ˲⡣
΢Ǻλ۾ҲҲǾ洫
ˣǱȤˣ۾ҲһˣĹ¶ЩҾһֱߣΪūͣʵϣҵŮ׽º˵
ϢƬ̣Ȼһͬߵɽ

ഫʮǰߵɽǶɽڣɽһֳì޵У»֣ͨʱ²˽磬ɽΪ
ֻϲ˽ĳλ쾳֣λһһƴ£ɽ쾳һ˵̫ǿᣬȻƻɽɽǱ֧飬һߵڿУ˵棬̧ͷԿͷϾ޴ɽɽ⣬ֻҪߵ뵽ͷɽ֮ڣ档
Դ˴Żᱻߵɽ
Ȼɽ飬ɽĻɽάתÿһʱŻ˲˽룬ֻǳϵˣɽޣ޷룬Ҳ˵Ҫȥֻǳںڵ˲ſԡ
ɽҴҵԽȥҵһЩҲɽڶǳ֮̽ء˿̣ߵɽӣڴѾۼǧˣνɽ˺Щ˵УвֳɷһȺѰʲô


һǧһپʮ 
Щڡº͹񹬵ĵӣȻѰ΢Ͱ׽£ֻҪҵ̾ͻд˸Χɱ
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Ϊ֮̽Ҳһֱά֣ԲŻǲȥ̽顣
ǰҿ΢Ͱ׽δظӦ֪ߵɽɡ񹬵лЦ
л˵Ϊɱǳ񹬴ôΪһͨĴ󶯸ɸꡣֻӣ־ȻԽʵʥͿӴʦȻǸġ
ʥȴߵɽÿοкܶ౦ʹзųǳڵ˵мио΢Ͱ׽»ǲҲ޷ùһ㲻ʮ壬ҳҪǾɱ
лæǰ˵û΢ʲôط綼ҪҵɱлȻ뼾ǰ׷ס
ʥ΢΢һЦÿɷĵ˵ͷεοлĴ㣬ҲܾϾлҲһ׿Խ֮ǹ񹬵Ĵӣ㲻ִƹ񹬣ҲȻԳΪ񹬵ĸ߲㣬лùϵûл
ʱµĿӴʦԶλ˷ߵɽҲǰȥɽѾ֣Ѿʼսͬȼȡ֮¸粻
ȻӴʦ⻰Ҫ˵лģϾǵлܽߵɽģҲֻл
ʥѾǳڣչǲ׼ġ
ʦǱѾʼˣãʦһǰȥʱɽлʦշлǿѾǳڵļʥӴʦǳڲǵǰõϵİ֡лҲҪߵɽģҲǷΪͬеĵطΣգлԼǾûаսģпӴʦǾͲһˡ
ӴʦȻֻǳڣȴƵˣһͭƤԿǳڵˡƽ۸ڶļʥӴʦҲΪ𾴣ɴ˾֪ӴʦֶΡ
ߣĳҲһȥ뵱ҲɽʱҼǵͨߣȡ֮ʥ˿һ䡣
лһæάǰȻ׿Խߵɽֱӽ룬Ҳǰս졢ءλߣܵõϿɣɵõ֮лȡУ켫ѾǧܻȡϿɣؼҲǰ궼ѳһܻߵϿɣҲһţǰ
һԵĿӴʦҲȻ𾴣ֹȻ
ʥһЦȻã߰ɣȥ
˵һ𵽴ɽڴǰվλߣ߾˵ɽΪƣɽսλûаֻܹҪǵͬɴһӦĴ֮ͬҲļֽɽɵöӦĴСȻûлϿҲ޷ͬԽɽܻȡʲôͿԵ컯ˡ
˵ܻȡ֮֮٣ÿһҪɽģҪսһߣȻһ
Ǿ˵ϹèӣõߵϿɡ
޴󲿷ֶǳŻƽ߶ȥģǱ˾˺ֻܶ࣬еؼżôһֹȥܿ춼飬켶һûǰȥ
ԭܼ򵥣֮û˿Կ˵սˡ
лΪƽףǳģ֪֮ؽײ룬׸ܣаյġ
˿Ǳ˲࣬лżʥͿӴʦһ֣Ȼǰ߿лһֻĵ棬ϳָޱȵģһ̣ӵĵһͷȮ
ȮȼŻ棬ҲǳޱȣʱʱͬҽһĿˮڵϣȼʹ̱ǵ
ȻлҪȮΪʣлȻκβȮԷҲûܽл˺ƬƬ֮ȮȻ˦ֶһ״֮лߴϲæлȻһ˻
ʥƤЦⲻЦ˵Ȼл͵Լһȡ״֮Щˬ
ʱӴʦȻؽߣԱлһ㶣ʥü
Χ˿ȥսؽ߶ǼæҪ˭뿴Է᲻ɹ
Ҫ֪ؽ״֮ЩͷûгֹˣһοŻһؽ״֮


һǧһپʮһ 
ϳ׼ȥսؽߵµĸɮӴʦʱΧ˹֪ӴʦһЩҲΪԷԻõؽ״֮
ȣûܵеùλߣսǣΪ˵õǵϿɣֻϿɲܱ贫֮ɳսؼߵˣͦԷеģ˵һֻҪͦԷУôϾͿԻõؽ״֮ͦǾʧܡ
һȿӴʦҪΪͬǳڵսؼߣֻ˶ԷоͰܱɴ˿ɼҪõؼߵϿɣѶж
켶û˸룬ǰҲ˳ԹΪ˾ʧܣûʲô˲𡣵ˣеܵסе˵סֹսֱӱ켶ɱеʱ򼴱㲻Ҳˣʱ䳤ˣûȥⲻڡЩˣˣҲֻսؼߣǿӴʦһһ񹦣˵Ѿ´󲿷ҲǻȻ壬ֻͬսؼҴ켶
֮ǰлսԷֻٻһͷͷȮ˿̿ӴʦսؼԷֻһָͬǧǳӴʦȻ˲ħ״̬£߱ǵɣϵƤͬɣǱؼػһָɳȥɣȻݺݵײһʯϣǾʯײķ顣
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ӴʦȻһס˿ǿӴʦһݣȻһˣ˿ǻָͣЩҲס̾Ȼǵؼߣҳѧ֮ȴһס
ԱлĿɿڴԼûͷԷȥսؼղһ£ӴʦֻˣԼѱ
ʥ˿аЦȴǺӴʦҪԷƱʦ֮Ӳؼߵһֻˣڳ֮˭ңӲһҲǷˣֻ˵ǴʦһЩսɹ
Ӵʦһ⻰ҲɫһЩ˵ͷҵȷרע壬޷ˣҾȥս߰ɡ
˵꣬ȥϢսȻֵӴʦϾǳڵˣ֮ǰлֻǿͷȮ±ֲܣӴʦȴʮ֮ڽͷȮɱһ㣬㿴óӴʦлҪǿֹ
һӴʦȻǵõ״֮һĻΧȻ𾴣ǵУܻûƽ׵Ĵ֮ѾǼˣӴʦȻԻ״ܱ֮ȵġ
һǰӴʦʦ񹦵׿Ϊȵմӱ޳ʴʦɷһ״֮ʦģ±Ȼ㹻ļǮԲôʦԿ
Ȼǰ򴫳֮ǿӴʦһ˼ƽϣҲһţں¶Ҫǿһ֣޳Ҳжţ˵ʼߣ֮ܿܰǱȵĽӰˡ
ˣֵýύ
뵽ӴʦһЦ޷ȻҪұΣ
˵꣬ǶԷһ״֮Ǳ޳ϲæ񣺡лʦȫʦ֮޳ģгɾͱȻٱر
˵˵ӴʦǴ󷽣ֻ֪Ҫ޳λôĸȷԻðٱرĲ˵˵һ̶̲ܽʮ£񹦿о޴洦һ׵Ĵ֮ҪãͶˡ
һǱȵı޳ǱлҲǰύ޳ʱΪֻǻһƽ׵Ĵ̫֮󣬾˵򣬱ǹ񹬶Ҫǿ
Խύ޳ֻкôûл۸ڶļʥԱ޳Ҳǿ
ʱ޳ЦǰӴʦл֣˵Ǻһ΢˽ԹҪҿ̧˶Էʲôƨһû˵Ϊλ𣬾ȻŪ˾֪Ҷ֪ˣҿ΢ǹˣøλ
ʥһ㶣Ҳ뵽һ㣬ˣһ΢ǸʥһЦֻҪ˶þͻҷ𡣡
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˵׳Ȼɽӣʵ˾Ǳ޾


һǧһپʮ ΢
Ƕ˴źǧѩ˺΢׽·ͷж֮ǰѾ׼ߵɽУ޳ʱ򣬱޾еɱޱȣɽӵĻ󣬱޾۾ʱѾָ
ɽ֣ȥᣬոѾȡƽ״֮ͽȥɡ޾˵
ɽ֪±޾˵ҲͲٶʣЦãϵĲȥԣΪȡƽ״֮ӦûŶԣǧѩȻҲǽǾȡƽ״֮ҿѾͷνȥȻԳɾˡ
޾ЦЦûпﱾһɽĴ֮һףʮǰȡģΪܵܣ֮ɴ˿ɼ޾ˡ
ʱǽǱ޳һͬ⣬޾϶֮޳йأԲ˱ŹԱ޳֡
Ź棬ȳͽ
ʮʱ޳ΪͻͽѾǱȵմӣǰ;޾Ϊԭ̤䵽֪
ЩҲɽȡУźֱ޳׷ɱȻѣҲ˸¾׽ºɽֵ֪ܶ
֮ǰ΢ΪˣȻǿñ޾о˼ǣ΢Ȼǽʮ궼Իָˡ
΢Ҳûкͱ˵Ȼ΢Ҳ޾ʵΪߣԭǳڵˣֻΪΪ䣬Ȼ޾˵΢Ҳᣬֻڶ֮˱޾
ɽʱСһٽȥϵܺϵܻûһ鷳Ҳܰæ
޾һҲǵ˵ͷ
Χ˶ʥǳڵڳȻʱ䴫ķз֮Ѿ˾֪
ڵļʥȻĪǸһ΢ҲһСʵ
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ԽԽа¹˵΢ǵܲһֻ׵򣬷һͷ͵Ķǡ
ǰգ˵ԹǼʧˣ⣬Թר⣬һĹˣѰζ̽˵ıͨԹ˵Ը񣬿϶ȥ׷΢Ͱ׽£ҵ΢ɵˣȻԹ˲ȱϯɽ¹ֵ֪΢ʲô·ΪλҸ֪Է᲻
¹ӹһЦ᲻ĿԴɡ
Ȼǲٶ˵
Ա˹ϵ¹ӣСˣ۸ˣϢΪͨ˽ûǲ֪顣
ʱֵ˴ôˣǸ΢ҪӦҲ£ںµ֪
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¹Ӹ˵꣬ǱͻȻͻͼȺвŵڡº͹񹬵һ𣬿ԶǼʥӴʦлҲƮһɱڼʥŵһȻͣ
䶯ڶ˼ȻǿԸӦ֮ķô˵Ǹ΢Ȼˡ
֮ǰû˵΢˭ˣ˿ҲΧ΢Ǻηʥ֪΢ȻǽڴӼƳäɮ󼪶նɱ֮󣬲˶΢Ȼ𾴡
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۸Ǹ¹Ӵ˿Ҳ۾һ΢


һǧһپʮ ˽
ǸնɱƳäɮ󼪣ڡº͹ŵ΢Ȼˡ
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жͬ뷨ԼǾԲ֪Ǳֻ֮Ӳﴳģⲻǻʲô
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㶼֪֪ܲ¹ӰԼСŮһۣ˵
СṴ̊˼⣬ΪλҪ
жȻ΢Ҫĵ׽ҿԲ³ϾλԸˬҼ֪ʥΪɱ޹ˣζҪҼʥ׽Ҳῶ΢ԸΣһ֪϶׽ǰ㣬ΪɱƳ޴³çҲôô⡣¹Ӻȷ˵
Ůһ㶣æСС㣬òҪѡɣҪٿǿǣһû㿴ôǰ;ǿɾ͡
¹üͷһ壺죬ôҵķִ磬Уٴˣ⣬ҪҹӣȥСһȥʰ㡣
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Ůͷ¹ֵ΢һûҪҪǱȽϿﲻҪĵزͿӦΣɱ֣֮ӦԹȥҾѡǲУͻҲѡˡ
ⷬŮͷСӢ΢ӦøеңεºܣȻùҿȴһ㣬Щçײʵôĵʥưոݡ
ˣ㶮ʲôúÿžС¹üͷһ壬ѵŮһ䣬߸æ졣
УŮȻֻһˣȴҲǳڵˣɴ˿ɼ۸Ӵ
΢Ȼ֪Լ˹עˣˣڴŰ׽£棬󷽷ڵ˹
Χ˶ϳǣ˵ǲ³ǵݣǱܵԶԶģ±ǣȥϾ΢ǵĿţмʥǳڵ˸֣һȻҪһսûв´϶һһߵɱ
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һҲһύʥӴʦлֻҪվ̨׳ƣԸһ΢ֶΪ
΢ʥ΢׽һܺñϣҼʥӹ񹬵Ĺп΢ģѾǽ΢ϳ
Ǹ޳ܲҪļʥ΢һ䡣
δĵ֪㲻Է̽飬Ȼˣ󷽷߹Ұ׽ͽʥ֮ǣҪɱʥܣֻĶĶԷ
׵ӣƤӣ߿ڳԷһ٣ȻЩףûʲôʵãһĽӡ
͵͵˷֣
Ҫˣ۰׽»ǼʥȲ΢һƤӣ΢ͷһ˱޳ܲҪ
¼ʥһ뿪ڣ΢Ļ
ӲҪҪɱ˶ᱦɱƳҪɱң˱նɱƥҪʣڶ첻Ļ쵰𣿻˵ֻɱˣɱǵ˾Ͳ΢һٷʣǺļʥͨ죬ûῪڡ
΢ȻҪȻֻżʥ
£ͭҾƫƫǸϹۺзҪԸңУʹ򣬿ȴϼƳ͸ҪĸңƲɱնɱ㣬ǲǾȡ΢ſӴʦ˵꣬̾ͳлɱ壬ǹŻǲлҷԸңȻᣬҪ
΢һָ޳˭ʲôƨ£Ϲʲô֣ѵ֪ƥɱ޹կ˲б֮ͽȴӳȥĪƥĶӲɣ


һǧһپʮ ״֮
΢ܶǬʫֶɴ֮ʥͬ΢ͥϿڲ˵ãһ˱İٹƿԣ˿̵˽磬˵Ϊ΢ڿܻ޷ھˣҪ˵˵ֶΣʮʥҲȲһ΢
˿̼ʥӴʦлͱ޳һ⣬΢˸飬һ࣬û˵Ļᡣ
ΧҲǿĿɿڴѹû뵽΢Ȼ˵޳ǼʥӵĻò˶ЦԶ޾ҲĿɿڴЦЦǰϣ۽Ǹ飬Ȼڻ޷𣬵΢ôҲ
˽УгǶ֣ڶƤǶ൱ģײڣ΢ֶΣһڴȥǵȹ̵ˣҲͷǣ޲ý΢ʬΡ
׽Ȼ൱񫣬΢Ǻ˵˵оݣõԸŷ׽Ҳ֪΢ô˵Ϊ֪˶ǶԷ֣΢ҪֶΣܼܲһǼʥöԷӦһԼ
֮ǰ΢õġ
΢˵ߵɽҪΪеؾŶ鶦Ծ̶֪ѨҲҪ
ǼʥҲ϶ãҪӲȥĿ̫СҲ
΢˵ߵɽﻹĸߣԻô֮֮Ǽͷ
ҪȼŭԷȻģһԷŭ֮£Ŀ֮£ӦľֵĿԼߡ
΢Ķľ֣Ҫȥս켶ߡ
ڰ׽ɱһľٶ֪ڱҲһΪˣܲЧ
΢Լģϸѯʰ׽ĸߵ֮΢еõԷϿɵİɡ
˿΢ƤӲͣЪʮۿǼʥҪڱŭ¶֣ͻȻ΢һתƵƥ˵ɽҲֻǻִ֮үȥȻԻ״֮
˵󻰣ΧȻţʥҲš
΢һΪһû뵽ȴһͷ蹷ӣƾ㣬Ҳ״ֱ֮Ƿƨʥû˵Աлͱ޳Ѿ̲ס˶һٮٮߣ׿Խƽ˭ǿ佱׿ԽͬеɼǣҲֻǻ״֮ѣ΢Ȼº˵ܻ״֮ⲻǺʲô
΢˵ܣǾһܣǼƥСƥ򶮸ƨ֪үֶΡ΢һûʶı飬лͱ޳Ҫǰ֡
Ǹն΢Цôү״֮ΪȻǵĹͷҪԶ٣үǾܲܶһȺ֮⣬Ͳᶯ˲ǣ
˿̣ǿӴʦҲǱ΢Ļɫף˫ָֹ֨֨죬Χ˶ŵĺһͻȻ꼰㡣
ٿʥ˿ͻȻЦ΢㵱֪ãȻĿս켶ߣϷҪôģλǲ뿴ɱ𣿴࣬ɱ֣켶ߵҲǾȡ
ʥһڣһ㶣Ȼ
ô˿ţĶ֣ɱ˶ԷҲöԷȥɱһ˰ˣûֱɱãǴһеһԷõϿɻ״֮мʥ΢ҲôɽʱܶĴ֮
֮Լһڲ֮أʲô
뵽ӴʦͷаȻôģǾȥҲҵȼʶʶλ켶ߵϿɵġ
΢֪ĿѾɣͷŰ׽´˸ɫһţƵƣдŸм֮ɫͳո΢һͨĲ١
֣һȥսؼߣҸƵĵҩƴȫҲҪõؽ״֮˵õĴ֮ԽãõĺôԽǽȥգʱգԱҪõӦһյֶΡ΢ʱ׽£ߵͷڶԪ񣬴˺ȼƣƴҲҪõͽߵϿɡ
֪ƽ׺ףȵؽײֻ̫࣬лõؽ״֮潫Ϊһֲĸ߶ȣ֮аӦΣ
ĵ΢Ҫ֪Ѿʱû״֮ˡ
ã˵Ŀߵĸǰ˶ڿ΢Ͱ׽¡
ȺУ۸ǸСŮʱӣ΢Ҫսߣ
žС¹۾΢Ҳ뿴Ҳս


һǧһپʮ 켶һָ
лͱ޳ʱڼʥ󣬴ǰѵͿСսǹʱ䣬Ҫɽ
ʥЦһϷȻ֪ϸɽǱߡ
һ㶣ԣȻͶۿȥһʼûпʲôܿ죬лͿǱһӰ
ǣлһԱ߱޳һ㶣Ҳʧ˵Խݺͷ˳궼ֻзÿһǷʦֶεǷ켫
ʥһЦǾʶȻֻǳڣҲߵɽȡһδУ֮ʮ꣬ȻԲǳڡ˷æ΢Ͱ׽Ҫɽǡ
һ⻰лͱ޳ǹЦã¾ʮþȣ΢ٽթҲҪˣڣܳɽС
û·ˣͿ΢ˣˡ޳ҲЦ
Ա߿Ӵʦͷƣ
Ȼ۽ΣǶԿǶ䣬ֲüʥͬԷսػߣΪӮģ΢Ͱ׽¾Ҫɽвͨˡ
΢ҲǹΪܻ켶ػߵϿɰɣΪ˭޳ʱһ䡣
ڼţȻñ˱ǿ֮ǰƾԼŻһƽ״֮ȻҲƤȥӴʦ״֮˿̼΢Ȼȥս켶еȻˬҶУ϶ҲУǱ޳뷨
лȻȱ޳ǿôһ㣬ͬ뷨ǲϣ΢ɹΪͳгǵܣϣ켶һƽ΢
ΧΧ۵ҲǸ뷨е˷ܵĿеĲмһˣеİЩӰ첻΢Ͱ׽¡
֣һжȵ˵ؼ֮һԵңҵ״֮һɽֻҪȥʥκβǣ׷ˣǸ£ɱ˾ǣֻҪɽ֮ڻȡ㹻Ϊ֮ɱʥ𡣡΢׽µͷ
˾ͼ׽ȳؼػߡ
ǰ׽£Ҫսؼػߣ
ߣ׽Ϊһ㣬ǳڣƼսս͵ˣȻ֪սؼֱ
Ȼڰ׽սؼػߣû˿á
˵Ŀͱ΢ˣΪ˿΢켶ػߡ
ߵǰ΢һڣ켶ػһ
΢֮ǰȻϿڣĺˬʵ΢ȴмӵˣ΢ó켶Ϊɲ⣬ԲǳˣԶָ֣΢Ȼᵡ
켶һ·һ̣΢ѾһԷĹΧ
˲䣬ͼ궼켶ͻȻ̧һ㣬һָͬХ޾ϯ
һƣ˿ɵֱȸոյؼػֻ߳Ҫǿֹһ֣Χ˶ǵһȻǱ켶ߵˡ
켶
ңֻǱһɾɨҲ߽ɡ
΢ˡ
ʥ˼״Ҳ¶ϲɫȻΪ΢ˡ
ȺУɽӺͱ޾ɫţԱߺǧѩָ߬½ǣȥ
ٿ΢Ҳüͷ壬켶߳־Ͳһָɱǳڵˡ
΢ֻˣɵΪֻ쾳㲻ǳڣȻֻƾΪǲֵܵһģ΢ֶζ࣬ȡѾڶԪ񾵣ʩչ
Ǳ߼ʥһ΢е񾵣һ
СӣڵķʥȻŭҸӾȣҪ֪񾵣ڱ⵱еһ˵Ѿڱз˺ܾã׷ݵⶫôȡģ֪˭Ƶġһֱڶֻǽ񾵵һͨķΪ񾵵ֻ֣ͨһǿɱˣһǽѣҼɱˡ
ͨķȻᱻӣôʱ񾵾һֱãʹã֮Ϊһ˴󹦣Ž񾵵ɽ͸Է
ٿ񾵾Ȼʩչ򣬹һ㣬һʥȻջļʡԭⶫԳΪķ
ȴ֪ʧһԺԪںϵķַ˽Ҳ֮٣Ϊ΢ڶԪӵмΪǿֻ֮֮ͨһ
ǿ֮ǿ԰΢ֵһαɱ֮֮У΢⻯ãǿԽþֵɱ


һǧһپʮ 𾪡
ͬ˿̣켶һָ΢ֵֻܵܽþ֮򻯽⡣
죬΢֮飬Ҳ˻켶ߵһָ
Ȼסˣ
Χ˴һеĲŵĻ۾Ҫ֪ǿ켶ߣ֮ǰսˣһǱһָɱǱˣ΢Ȼסˡ
ֻ÷ҵסһΣѵܵסڶβɣлͱ޳һ䣬Ȼˣϵջͼȴεġ
Ҫ֪ǿɶǸŵĶӣƽﶼǱ˳֮ΪŵĴڣ˿ȴһ΢ݺݴ˵΢ֻˣȻԵס켶ߵһָȥǳ֮£ǶΪ΢ǵһˡ
˽ã˼ʣ޲΢̾˵Ŀⶼ΢ȴûע׽ʱҲں͵ؼд裬ѾסԷι
˵΢
֮˲䣬΢Ѿٶȳ嵽켫ǰ棬ӽն
Χս˸ոջعͿ΢һѾն
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˶ˣҪ֪еλߵʱ򣬶ǺͶԷУҪôǺͶԷٻ˼ﲫ켶ߣû˸ҹΪչֻҪܵס켶лУͿԵõϿɻȡ״֮
΢ѾһУǱˣ϶ٵһУû뵽΢ȻŸոյֶǰǿ
ȷǳ˵Ԥϡ
ȻһӣӰڴŭ켶ߣȻǱնɱлͱ޳ǵɴ۾
Ǳߣ۸СŮҲĿɿڴӣ˺ôĵӣȻҡ
Ťͷһȴǿ¹ͬĿɿڴһ𾪡
ߵɽˣȻǱŻȡкͱ̬ģλǶǹޱȣԲһ˿һĲǰȡϿɣҲǰչصֵԷĹû˸ߡУûпɷΧͱ˻ȥˣ⡣
죬΢ȻԹ켶߽ǰԷôģ
ղûע⵽΢ôȥģͺ˲䣬΢Ѿˡ
΢е񽣣˿Ѿǻ£һ˲䣬΢һƾȻ͸ո켶һָ֮޼
һ˲䣬лͱ޳һ𣬿Ӵʦüͷ壬ʥɫ࣬΢
һ̫ǿˣ²ǳģҲԸܵһƺɱ֪ǿƳäɮĸΪλ΢ˡ
΢ΪֵһᣬΪһ񽣷ҡͨһ㣬л޳ͿӴʦǼʥ۾ˣ̰֮ɫΧУҲ۾һ΢һ񽣡
ٿ켶ߣһ۾ϴһĿǳâͬϵһ̧һץҲʲô˲䷨Ȼǽ΢Ʋɵ׽ץС
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һϴŻǵ׷Ȼ⿴ͨͨһĳȻһƣǳڵļʥҲδܵ
΢ͫһ֪֮ʣٴδ߶ĵڶԪ񾵣ǿͨ
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ƣ΢ɡðͷٿǰ棬ȴһ·סһ㣬˵
Ϊǰ棬΢ȻǺö˶˵վǴһʼûŲطһ
˹һĻ޴󲿷˶ɵֻٲƺ뵽ʲôɫļΪʡ켶Ҳһ㶣ջƣԷһ״֮΢
Ȼһ仰û˵ʣ΢õ켶ߵϿɡ
ٴ𾪣󲿷ûô£Ϊθո΢ûһվ֮ǰĵطǸոǿʲô
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ӣ˵ո΢ʲô۸ŮСʵǺ档
¹Ӵ˿̷·ǿһ񣬾ɫǼŮƹһ㣬Ҳһ˷֮ɫ
ǻȷǻ벻΢Ȼյ֮ƭ켶ߴ򵽿մȷǸ̫ˡ¹Ӵ˿̶΢޲ڣŮҲкЦҪ֪ԼλС۹֮˷ָǴô佱һˡ


һǧһپʮ ͳͳס
΢һеȷ
˿ŵﲻԣ˶ǰ΢ƶˣҲǺȻ΢ֶΣղǻ֮ǿǶα
˵΢ûһƭ켶ߴڶУҸղ켶һƸǴڿմ
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ɱ
Ӵʦлͱ޳Ǵ̰֮ɫĳ΢ȥ
⼸һ֣Χɱ΢һΣǸ˵ֻҪɱ΢ͿԶȡ״֮ĺöʥ֪״֮̾Ϳ֮һƳһĵӣҪǿ
Ӵʦ˸˵ǺͼʥͬһǿԽߵɽģ״֮ǱȻԻȡĴкͺôԶ졣
Щ˵ķӦ΢֪֮ǰûע⣬Ǳ߰׽ҲڶԪֶͨΣõ˵ؼߵϿɣõؽ״֮˶һۣǳߵɽڡ
ȻֻҪУټʥǳǽģģ΢Ͱ׽»治塣
ʥȻҲ΢Ͱ׽µĴ㣬û뵽׽¾ȻҲܻõؽ״֮гŭǶһݵǺͿֻš
΢̫ǿˣֲǶԷɳٶ̫죬ƺ֮ǰҲֻǱͭǿһ㣬̶ʱȻԻȡ״֮סԷ΢ߵɽȡУǻ˵ã
ǵʱԷʱԼδǶˡ
Լʥż׷ͬʱסˣǽȥ
ͼѾſڣ˿˫֣ſһ޴ϡ
ģȻͽˣȻǹȥ쾧ݣ𣡡
ͬһһ߶೤ǵ͸ѻɵıݣһ޴ľʯǽֱӽߵɽڳ׷ա
Զȥƾճһˮǽһ㡣
ϳʧ˵
΢ˣ˼Ҽǰ׼֪΢ҪǿнɽͰ˸·¿ô졣
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û΢Ȼ׿ԽȻܻ״̫֮Դ󣬾Ȼţһ
Ȼû˿΢Ͱ׽£ΪǾƿ쾧ݣҲҪʮΣʱ䣬ʥ׷ˡ
˿̣΢ѾǿҪ嵽ڴ쾧ݣ΢ԥȡƷУ߶ͬʱ񽣣ע͵һն
һɣʮɳĽֱնɱȥƷƷ֮Ŀ֮ºݺն쾧ϣһ졣
䣡
ɨɾ룬ʯɣڶҲǿסΡ
ûõ΢ʮҲûãԶʥЦһ˵һ룬ȴȻֹΪǰ˶Ϊܱƿ쾧ݾȻǱչһȱڣһɶ೤㹻˲Ž롣
˿΢Ͱ׽ѾȥûӰֻʣĿɿڴڶˡ
Ȼնˣ

ڶ뵹һ£ʥˣӴʦ˫ֺʮҲлͱ޳ɫһףͬͬʧһ㡣
ֹȻǷˣãҲȥɡԶһеɽӡ޾Ҳ˿ǧѩǸоԼһ亹˿̷ܸо԰
Լһ˲õʦ˷ɽ֮ãҲҪŬˣֻܲʦ
ûס΢룬ܿ죬˾ͷӦҲæ룬ߵɽ
ǵл˲ģҪ׷ȥ΢ȡ״֮пӴʦлͱ޳
ǰģ˽ȥ֮󣬾Իֽ΢նɱõκκôлն˵
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˵һᣬǽɽ΢ɱ״֮ˣ΢ֶΣȻҲ£ϾΪȵĵϵӣвٵƵġ


һǧһپʮ ˭˵Ҫ
ʥɫ粻ΪѿǾô΢ߵɽΪ˵Ц
֪ﰲŵһУΪĳ裬Ͼô˾ȻסˣȥҲûطˡŭǣ²סϾôĿá˵һζǶˡ
³ɺޣüʥ޲ý΢ƤǣѾǳڣٽߵɽǿȻᱻλնɱ
⼾ʥҲѰˣȻڱŭУҲǺܿ侲ȻӴʦл޳ߵɽҲܽȥʣµͽˣ֣Ӧɱ΢һĸŵŵӹǲǲסһҪ׷΢նɱ˵ֶǿˣ״֮Ƿβܣɳ
ʥ⻰⼸ҲΪȻȻǶôġ
ַģҴ˷ʲôҲҪɱ΢ڵߵɽҲὫһӴʦɱ˵βǼʥʵҲл޳ҲǺ΢ѾһĴ𣬱Ҫ
ǰģһккһͬȥ˶ڣ֤΢޷ųлɫ
һ̶²˳٣ԿӴʦлͱ޳Ǵһͬߵɽ
棬۸İ¹ӺŮҲһͬߵɽһȥֵ˴ڣ뿴΢ܲڵߵɽ㿪޾׷ɱ
Ӵʦлһߣһһ׷ɱ΢ΪˣǻרѡһЩ׷ٵĸֻ֣һȺ˺ƺƵ߽ߵɽ֮ڣȴסˡ
Ϊǰһ˵ס˵·ˣ΢˭
һ¿Ӵʦлͱ޳ĿɿڴڶҲɵˣʲôô΢û
յӦö·ӣһɥ֮Ȯһôе·ǰҪʲô
ðһɲ֮ɫ
±޳ŭ΢㻹վȻûܣ
ǰ΢ֳֽо콵վм䣬û˸߹ȥſڡ
һ̣ʲô˼ˡ
΢ȻûҪӡ
ΪʲôҪܣ˭˵Ҫܣ΢һ䣬һŪı޳ɵðһµͷ
΢ܣĪҪ
ôôӦôǣ΢бʤġ
ߣ΢װŪ㲻ãûΪֶҲУң㵥ҲδӮȻһ赲ôˣݺ۵Ѱ·ѡӴʦ˿ŭһĶһ̧̣һƴȻǻһʮɴСĽɫƺݺ΢
Ӵʦ־һźţл޳ڶҲһ֣ͬ΢
΢ɫأȻ֪Լô˵ҲӲѹҪӲҲûбҪӲ
߶񾵣ͼۣǿӴʦҲ̲סۣһ̣˵ѾɱȥǰһƬ򶼴֧飬̳죬𶯡
γֵģ˿Ӵʦлͱ޳ڡ¡񹬺ͱڵ˵ӣһʮˣôͬʱ֣ƿ֪
΢أ𣿡ʵ
϶ˣô˳֣΢в֮
˵Ҳ
˻û˵ͲҽһЩȺоȻǱһѪ⣬׹⽣ն˲ոĸ˵ӵ
΢
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ŷӦ΢Ȼǲ֪ʲôʱ뵽ߣͻȻ֣ɱĸˡ
΢ɱģڵĵӡ
ôҲǱʥɱ޹ľٶ΢һ֣̾ˣǰлҪ΢Цһһն׽˲伤лٻ׵ȴ֪΢ʵѾѹ׵񽣵ĽԱ΢չ֮ǰҪǿ
һնȥ˲佫׵նɱ˵ǽɵлҲնϡ
һɨǧһǬ
񹬴ӣǳڵˣȻǱ΢һնɱ
ı޳ŵɫǽƻûǰͿͷԣղǵĹȻͣûд΢һҲǺô΢һ䣬Ը͵Ϯֻܱ
ǴĲԱ޳ȻûȤðͷΪȻĶǸɱһ΢ǵסԷ񽣡


һǧһپʮ ʢ
΢㽫лһնɱӴʦҲǴһڶԷֶΣҪ֪лɲһĸ֣ǿǹ񹬵ĴӣҲ෨ġ
ղſӴʦϸ΢һƼɫɵĽӲĽлϵķͻȫն飬Щһ飬㲻ӴʦǿӲҲ˶ˣô΢ĽնԼϣԼֵܲܵ
뵽⣬Ӿһûס
ϾǳѾõǳ΢ûͻȻʩչµĶһŲƹȥһǶȭҪһȭ΢
һȭֺֿݣǴУ˵΢Ǽʥǳڸ֣Ҳ
ʦȭɱ΢Ա߱޳̽кá
һ̣Ӵʦһȭ·ǴһƽϵĵӰһ΢Ȼ˲ʧ١
Ǿˮ£Ӵʦһ֪ʩչµͻȻһŭˣԽеĶ֮ȫ
ǰһɸɽҲһ½顣
䣡
һ죬һ˳ֽ˺󼸲΢ոûӴʦҲնˣԷϾлֲҪö࣬΢֪ʧ˿ΧѾǰΧ΢Ǵ߶񾵣һʧ١
΢ܣӴʦĴ˿̿Ӵʦȼһͬŭһ㣬޳ɵ˷壬һȭǿȭ棬ԽһƬ󶼳
΢ĻѾ뿪һΣ΢ѹûܻܣҪͨ͵ϮɧĥԷ
棬мʥǳڳ΢ûӺͶԷԿﲻͬΪߵҲֻǳڣ΢ѹ£Ψһ鷳ǶԷӴʦԷȻΪֻǳڣȴǱǳҪö࣬Ѿ޽ӽǳڣԸĸ֣΢ЩѹģֻҪ͵ϮɱĥԷʵ鷳Ҳӭж⡣
棬ɱ΢΢ˡ
׽Ѿǰ뵽ɽ֮ڣȡĴУɽĴ֮ӶһʵÿһѶΨһĴУɽĳУǹǷ΢ôҲΪ˰׽ȡʱ䣬ȥʵ
ܿ죬΢նɱĸ˵ӣնɱ񹬴лϢʹ˳ȥһޱȡ
Ҫ֪ӴʦлǿǸոսȥͱ΢նɱелֻ˵һǾ΢ȥ֮ѹûжܣлˣһȥ΢ˡ
˺ôĵӣҺô
Ȼô
ʥϢĻתһ룬һЦ
΢΢Լ֮ǰɱ˵ĸɲʲôֻǹһͨӣлɲһǹ񹬵ĴӣǶԷĵմͽܣãܺãȥ֪ͨ񹬡òţлĻƣһ̾ͻ֪Ѿڸ;ˡ
ͬʥƲһһʱһƬ񺿣һܹ߶
ǰһаƥһ϶ȼӿ𣬶ǾǧƲɵĹ֮
һܳǻľ춥ǹһӡ
Ϻƹʱ޿̲ͷźм꣬ߵǹ
·˿һ¶֮ɫжԶԶ˭֪ǹ²˽磬Ҳеȿϵţǳ۷ǿߡ
²˽磬ǳ۷壬Ѿվڶ˵ĴˣȻ²˽磬ҲΪﵽˣ֮٣ٳ֣ҪôһЩԿǳ۷ǿ߳˵ȻҪ¡
ʥǹҲǼæֻڵĸ߲㣬ΪȹҲҪһȻҵ
˼ҵλΪҪߣʥȻùԴ
ǹ£һ˴߳󣬼ʥһ㶣Ҳһ㶣Ϊ߳ľȻǹһŮӡ
ŮŻȴǹɭɭѪɫͷμΪӣͷƷĶԼϵҲǹʵģȻҲ󣬵ȴ͸һɹ֮
׹Ƿˣʥϳλǹеһ׹Ƿˣ䴫ţл׹ǷҲ˵лǹĶӣҪȻҲᱻص
ֻΪֻǰ׹Ƿˣǹ
ʥȻɻ󣬵ҲʧԷλΪǺԼһǳڣҲǼΪԼҪʤһ


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ǰ׹ǷһȻ֮ɫ͸һ˿׺ݺͷŭ
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ʥüͷһ壬̷Ӧ׹ǷˣԼһʦҲûҪһ˼һʶֻ΢΢һЦնɱлģһ΢
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ʥһˣƢͲã֮ǰֻһֱã˿ŭ׹ǷˣĪҪлǽɽ֮΢նɱνȣ
׹Ƿһ㶣ŤͷһץֱӽΧһֵ˴Ӱ֮ٿץʵ㣬˵ģ
˲ǳڣ׹ǷǳڵץţŵЩ˿ӣʱشƬ֮󣬰׹ǷŪ龭
ô˵ߥҶһԸ΢ʥôĵӣȻǹ񹬡׹Ƿ˵ʥһŮ˽˷ѿ࣬׹Ƿˣɱӵһ΢Ҳв֮б£뷨΢û㣬΢ɲ򵥣֮ǰͽƳµäɮ󼪶ɱˣǻ״֮ɱߵɽȡ㹻ĴУ֮ؽһ㻹ô֣ĸ󻼳ɡ
׹ǷȻ裬Ҳɵ֮ǰֻǱŭ֮·йһ£ҲĶԸʥ˵ԷΪһǳڣǶԷڣ͹Ҳ޼ΪЩСµжԡ
Ҽʥ˵еǹͬĵǸһ΢Լ˽΢ȷһĸ󻼡
ߣ˵΢ɱҶӣùҷ񹦱չزֻ⸾˼ҳΪӱԸʥøӰɡ׹Ƿʱһ䡣
ʥаȻܱ¶ֻܵߵɽ֮ôˣǿԷͣǶԸ΢٣Ҫ΢ôУȵʱһ˶ᱻͳʱ΢ӡ
ãͰ˵İ졣
һһ˾°͵ͳ¯ˣ˭նɱ΢ں͹ɾѧһ⻹㣬˻ᱻͬʱΪ䳤ϣŴΪɽ
һ˭ĶģЩɢˣǱΪûпɽɢˣȻôһᣬҲűӻ˭Ը⣿
Ҫǣնɱ΢֮΢״֮ҲУջ֮£֪΢ǣǻǰȥԸ΢
Ϣߵɽ˴˽ܿʹ˶΢Լ˵ˡ
˿ڿУͷߵɽһɽϢ֮΢ûо⡣
ֻѹǣֶһǳڵˣֻҪԼȥ̾ͻܵǳ˵ΧԼڵֶκΪδǶ֣һа׽ǣʱ϶ǵǿ
Ψһķűߵɽлȡ㹻ĴС
鶦Ϣ΢Ѿգ˿΢Ǳ߸ϣ΢΢˵״֮ĴУҲ鶦ʮ֮һ΢Ҫľȥٻ鶦
鶦һλ΢ΪȻͻƵǳпܸһ¥ֻҪΪȥٶ࣬΢ʲôɾµģ
ֻ֮±·΢ͷһߵɽת׼ɽͷʱͻȻ֮䣬Χ磬ϰٵϯ˷Χɱ΢
Ȼ˰ͲסҪ΢ˡ
ԷҲ֪΢ûһϻֱӶ֣˷նķУԶһֳ˫һ̤ձЩ͵Ϯ΢
һ̿͸֣˶ͷк϶ΪһѰ˸̽鲻ֻǵֵУȻ©³ǱԷɱ
ֻ̿͸Ǵˣ΢ӦԷڣ˿̿ΧķУٽһն̾ͽĳееնɱ
ЩУ΢ѹ壬ѾǴɣһƾķҲԵֵЩС


һǧ٩һ ɽ
Զĳɽʯһʿ״ŵ̾ӣʩչеˣǴ̿ͽ΢ɱȻȡͣȴû뵽΢
˿ֻ̣һͷǾӣӵԽԶԽãȻӴٲ΢
ϧ֪е˲ǡ
ٶȹ죬첻΢Ľֻǰһ⣬һ̣Դͱ΢һն¡
ڶԪںϵ񾵵УȻͨʵ֮ϲǳڵˣòŶҵĵԪˡ΢ϮԼūնɱ֮鶦ڷȥ
һ·ϣ½½׷ɱ΢һ⣬΢ɱЩ׷ɱԼˣ΢Բ飬ǲЩɱ£Ժ鷳޾΢ֺ顣
ȵ߰˲˶΢նɱ֮󣬼ں͹´жôˣҲûٸȥԸ΢ˡ
ߣûҲǰ״ǿˣ΢ȥָ˭ʤ˭أ˭ҲûаܶԸ΢Զһ²һ£ɴͲκЩˡ
΢ˣԶԶ㿪ҪôǹĴкûҪΪ΢
Ϣ棬ǽ׹Ƿ˺ͼʥջҲûӣǽȥ˵ʲôҲǰ״
ֻܼϣڿӴʦˣӴʦȻֻǳڣĹأ΢һȡУӦÿԽ΢ɱŶԡʥʱ˵ȻҲǿдȥ΢ʬΣֻ˿Ĵߣҡҡͷͷ
ﴳԼǳڵΪ̾ͻᱻĸնɱ
ֻȡ
ߵɽ֮ڣ˿΢ҲѾǿҪ鶦Ϣڵλãʵ֮ǰ濴ĳ챦⣬ģԳǱ߿˲
ߵɽ֮΢ֻһʱŵ鶦ڣźԶԿһ޴ɽ֮ſһɽеһˡ
֮΢սм̩ɽʬҪ޴һЩָ׸ǣͱһӻҪ޴󡣲ƺҲѾʯ;޴ɽΪһ壬ı⣬Ȼ˵ͷ­֡
˵ͷ­ɽ֮ϣǱֻ¶һԴһŴ죬ͬһ޴ӣǴӾ˵ðġ
ɽ£ѾۼˣڲӣɽΧһ㼫Ϊֲûɢȥɽ·ϣżʬ壬ѾǱʴѪģĲ
ȻЩһҲǱɡԣЩ˲޷ɽֻܾۼ취
΢һǱΧϳҲ΢̫ʢߵɽУ˲֪˲֮ǰ΢ն߰˲·ˣɱ˶ʮλˣ񹬴лɱ˭ָɱԼ΢һǶ㿪
΢ôˣ
ȻҲǧ΢һɱ񡣡
ģһأ΢ΣɽΧܲ޷ȥҲȡߣ΢Ҳ޷ͻЩɣ
δأŰɡղѾŴ֮ɽˣЩǼЧ˵Ĵ֮Ǻʹ˴ϵģڶĴ˰ɣ΢ٴ󣬼ȥҲˡ
۷׷ף΢ʱ⻰ѾŴʵ˵ȥˣ
һû뵽ôԶ΢˵ʲôǲڶԷٶȣɲǾ͵ԼǰȻͬΪˣ΢ǰǰһأ˵Щ
ǣղȥˣһ߸ˣд֮ߵԶһͨȥ˼æ˵
΢Ȼüͷһ壬鶦棬΢ȥ鶦ȡأȻñ˽ȵǡ΢ǰɼ״֮ҲЩܿ
Ա˵ɽϵĴУ϶жӦĴ֮ܿ
֮⣬΢Ĵ֮ûá
Χ˴˿̶΢ҪγԱǿµս϶΢ȥϾ֮ǿɱǳڵˡȻ˶´ˣһ̣ͼ΢̧׽ն£һ׽ȻնȻǽǰֿһѷ졣
ͼ΢ԥ룬ȵ΢߽ȥ֮󣬺ٱպϣѾǿֻܿǰʱʱð׹ɽӹȥ


һǧ٩ ˭Ĵ
̫ˣ΢̫ˡ
ɽһĿɿڴʵǲУôˣûһӲȥ֪ʩչȫͬԱƿЩҲңϾǾȥˣʱ㣬ҲһԲŲȥ
΢˵ȥͳһֵ
ֲ΢̶ʱܴ˼ҸԼĴжǰӶᣬľֶΣеȷǳӵеġһ̾Ϣһ֮ǰЩ΢Ҳûʲô˲ˡ
ðΣճȥԲң΢ңһͲ硣
˵΢ȥʲôһ˷Ӧʵ
ʲôȻӶᴫУҸղſȥ߸˶ͷСҲűӻ΢ǶǵΪ΢ĿɾͲֻڡ¡ˡһ˳һ˵˲ŷӦ΢ȻŻֱ˽һࡣ
ȴ˵΢ϵΧɱһ·ҲԼΪȹ̣֮ķ΢ÿǿǺ
ԹױһĿǣɵ֤ʱ׽£׽ٿɲֹ֤ɣд壬ɱһħ覴õ档
Ҫ˵ʲôǴϾģ׵硣
񽣣оͰɱĻ׵֮ںϲĻףԿһ
΢ٶȺܿ죬һ·ɽֱ鶦ڵλãͬʱɽϣѾ߸˵鶦֮
Ƕ֮ǰϵɽϵˣĴ֮Ĵоɽϡڴ֮ǰǵѾԺ˴ӷֲھɽϵл˴֮
ν֮𣬾˵ǽһǳΪһ棬ȡ֮󣬿ȫñ˵Ϊͨ
ɽϵȼͬӦͬĴ֮Ҳ˵ֻжӦ֮ĳˣŻἤȡ֮ˣûõġ
˻ȡԵĴ֮󣬱ǵеһˣϵߴҲǸԴĵطһ⣬ڵߵɽ֮ⶼԿ
˿߸˵Уһǰ棬һˣֳֵľȻһ״֮˶ڹάԷ
ľʦõĴָ֮ľȻһڣҿߵɽõĴУˡ˴˿̳Թάǿеľʦ֣ǰǸˣ˿һȻ֮ɫ
Ϳɽһ𣬽֮û뵽ָ֮ķȻڣȻľʦֵ˾ϲޱȣһ·ô֮ܿϵɽ
ľʦ־ϲķ֣ԼĴ֮Ȼָķһڡ
лħΪĶǳڵʵ߸ǳͬһţ֣һ·նɱǰ˻ȡУɴΪǣʼһ
ľʦֿĴָ֮ǲʣĴп϶һ⣬ǷһĶ
ڵŽƺڣ²˽Ĵڡ
νڡµȣ²˽ҲֻϣƺڣȴǻʵĴڣڿ
Ȼ˶԰ıǮľʦ֣ƺȻǵһӣҲǰʦлǵλ֮ϣλȡ֮û뵽Уһ⡣
˴˿̷˲˼ǵǾ˴ĵطȻȥȻ棬ȻƯһ
ڿУͨ徧Өɢʯʵأǣ֮ǿֱ纣һԿͬ˿ߣӣ˵ĴҫĹʶĿ
ϸԿЩⶼľ˴գ˿̣ƺڵ߸ﻹעЩеע󶦸ˡ
ľʦ֣ĴУ˲𰡣ҿǸƨ΢õ״֮Ҳ˰ɣءһ˳˵Źһ˿˿Ľ
ûľʦο϶ҪľʦֳΪƺһ֮󣬲ҪǼʦܡһҲǹ
ľʦֹһЦ˵˵ǶҵˣԺô϶ǵġ
˵꣬ǰȥ⴫С
ֻȵλľʦȡ֮շ֮ȴǷûκηӦ
˼Σһһסˡ
ô£
ȻĴ֮ƺûκЧáʱԱһƺʲôԱһȻЩɵĵľʦ֣㿴Ǳߡ
ľʦŤͷһȴǿڲԶһһݹǴһյ֮
һĻǷӦٳٶ۵ҲˣľʦĴ֮ӦӦݹŶԡľʦԼҲӦˣһͶݺݵĿǸ󶦣а󶦾˭ĴУ


һǧ٩ ӻ񴫳
ɽɽĳɽһ޴ĹȺ
Ĺ޽ư磬˳ɽϣ׳ΰЩʯоĵͼи齵ħĸ񣬸ǽ̻ԻͣЩطֱóˮʯ׺
˴Ǵĵطÿһ򣬾ͻרŵĴд֮ҪôһЩ֪ķֻлרŴܻ֮áȻ˴ҲΣա
ɽ˴ڣūʮ򣬶ʱһЩӰ죬Щūͺȫˡʬʬһ֣ǣֻɱ¾Ҫ˳ȡУҪһء
˿̣⹬Ⱥһ¶УӴʦ˫ֺʮĵֹһЩµͨںѹΧǵʮʬȻǱնɱġ
ǰ棬ͿӴʦŵģһף߳ɣǿ׳һʬȻʬ֮ǰٶǳڵĸ֣ǼѾ£͸һɽΧʱ޿̶ųγһ
ʬؿڣȴǿţһƴСһѪҺȻǴС
Ӵʦ״֮ľС
вͬǣӴʦҪУȻǻǿ׳ޱͬսһʬ
Զĵطȵı޳żȵվһߴſӴʦˡ
޳ʦ֣ΪοӴʦȡУúʬսһȵСʵոǿ޳Ҳ˴У˵Ҫ򵥺ֻܶ࣬ǻܼߣȡһȡ
Ƿͨɽƣߣ;һ˫ͷһ㣬ȨϻǶźɫıʯǾ£ǲ
޳ԹⷨȿԳɱ⻹㣬ⷨϾȻԴͨٻһ˫ͷߣԺǳڵᲢۡ
Ȼⷨ޳ǵ⣬鼫ѣϲʱˣ˿̿ӴʦȡоȻҪǿ׳ʬɱ֪ȻҲ״֮ԣӴʦҪԼǸǿϺܶࡣ
鲻ãȻûкɫȳʦܵô֪ĪǣӦ֪
ǵһæͷȴ޳Ǽַˣ˼һøõŶУ㼵ʸƨ״֮˼ҿӴʦġ
Ȼ⻰ǾԲ˵ģ޳ڱȵĵӵǳĺ˭ҪǵûкùӳԣǸŵӱ޾ӣΪѵһٱ޳ͱš
ǰӴʦѾǴһȻһ̤һĹȥ
ӴʦѾղһɽĳ̶ȣһƼӲޱȣĵĿؾ죬ʵϿ磬գ֮Ѿĵǽ׾޺Ķϡ
һϯǧɣһԽһɽĳɷ飬ȴֱǽ׾޺ϵһǳӡ
ȻһƵԲǽֵܵģ޺Ǳĵʮ飬׾޺ʬǳ׽飬ļ׵޷򵽡
ٿǾ޺ŭһȭӴʦͫһȻǲӲæʮһˣһӦȭУ˲䱻ɷ飬
ٺ˰ɣҺʬʤԲҪӴʦæԸЩµ˶ĵϵɲôʧ
ǼӼæˣսֲ̫ԲͿܱ꼰㡣
Ӵʦ伤˫ȭƣջǿӴʦֶΣǽʬܣȡ˶ԷĴС
ͼӴʦ״֮һѪжԷϵĽףҲǻһŽۣڿӴʦϡ
һĻԶı޳Ҳ֪ӴʦɹĻȡ˴У⴫ƺͿӴʦΪϡ
ǰء
ϲӴʦôУΪ
⻰˵ĺܹ޳ȴֻмʣΪԼֻǵһԷȴǿΪ
⻰˵ڵġ
ã̫ˣȻǵߵɽս񴫳УһΪȻԽ̤ǳڣ⴫֮ӴҪչؼգǳڣΪһҳ֮գȥѰ΢ҡӴʦȡУãȻ¾Ҫչء
µΧΧ޳룬ҲûȡĴѾȡȥطҲŪʲôôÿӴʦ͵ǽһҪǳڵ˸֡
һ൱㣬ܿ죬˽Ӵʦչ׼ǳڵϢݵߵɽ֮⡣


һǧ٩ һ
ϢļʥͰ׹ǷȻǴϲǼʥЦãӴʦһͻǳڣڵߵɽ֮ڵ޵еĴڣһ΢л·
Ա߰׹ǷҲǵҸӴʦҪŪǸ΢֫նϻ׽Ҫ΢
Ϣܴ棬ȻҲڵߵɽﴫˡ֪Ӵʦ˲õĴУҾҪɽ֮ͻǳڣ¶֪΢˵΢ˣ΢ĴУҲǳڿӴʦĶ֡
ͬһʱ̣ܲľɽϣƺڵľʦѾջȡԱĴ֮ΪˮǴߣ۾ʱʱǸ񶦡
񶦲ĺö
ʲôӣ޷ΪΧȻһεĽ谭
ľʦ֣Ҫˣ󶦲ǣǿҲûãңδؾǴСԱһƺڵĵӳȰ
Ѿ˺ôԲ˷ʱ䣬Ҿȡ񶦣Ҳ϶ǹľʦ֣ûаëǮĹϵ
ߣ㲻ҵģҲҪм뿪ĵҼȻȷֵģⶫ͵ùң˭Ҳûáľʦ˵֮ǰ˴УΪȻ˵ĵҲǴ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ򣬺Ȼ׹֣һ㶣ŤͷȥͼԶһˣ˾Ȼе׽ΧնƬ֮͵ǰ
㣬΢ľʦֵ˶ǴһȻû뵽˾ȻǸɱ΢
ֻ΢ȴʶǡ
Ҳߵɽǧ΢ֻϵʣе˶ϵ΢
΢ڸոսߵɽͽ񹬵лնɱʱ˲֪˲
ľʦͻȻ΢Ҳûŵĺһ
΢ѹûƺڵ߸ˣֻ鶦
һ·΢Ǽ鶦ͷһۣ΢ͻȻ֣鶦ƺ˱仯ǰ鶦˿̵鶦ǽһ㣬̺֮ǿ󣬳ԭı
ǰ鶦ҲͭʵģؾŶǾŶƵķ΢Ȼ˭ǰ鶦ȻǳʣȻ鶦˽֮˱仯
ؾŶÿһԣ鶦Ը㣬˿ƺҲ΢ĵȻǷȸԾ·˼ѡ
鶦Ҳڴҵĵ𣿡΢˵һ䣬鶦ڣҲǷˣ¾Ҫǰɡ
ʱľʦַӦǰס΢΢㣬ȴ£ƺȷֵģǾƺ֮㻹Ļȥɡ
⼸ƺڵӶһƺȻǿ󣬵Ͼɽ߻ʵԶ΢һһɱ˲գۣ񹬴лһնˣ˶ԷԷͻȻɱֿô죿
Ҳе뷨ĵôܺƺᲢۣǳ۷Ϊƺڣȴڵ
²˽磬һܵС
΢Һ͹ԣԲҵƺڣһͷƺ΢ľʦ㻹ѾƺڵˣǻһЩӣӦ֪֮ǰڡ¡񹬼һ𣬶ƺڡ
Ǵڵĵ
ЦǣЩνĵ΢ʲôǣһ˽磬ҪٶΪؾŶȡ˭ǰ棬΢һ߿˵ʲôƺڣˣ΢Ҳͣ½Ų
˵ˣ΢˵һ䡣
ǵһ㶣ʲô˼һ̣΢˵ˣ̸ҹɱ
㡭ƺڵɫףŭ˵⼸ƺڵ˶һŭ΢Ǹûнƺڷ
һ
΢Ѿʼˡ
ľʦŭЦã΢ְȻƺڷֻϧǾ֮ܣ֪ƺڵĵ̣ղʦ˵ûڡ¡񹬼һ𣬶ƺڣͬΪƺڵӵеٮٮߣҲǼƳл֮Ტ۵ģѾõ֮ѰǳڶҵĶ֣Ϊһ㣿
΢Էһۣ
ľʦҧгݣһıĽϻȻ㲻֪Ҿͽնˣˣ֪ƺľзˡ
ƺڵ˶һص㣬ǾǶһϻ֪˶ϻƺڵ˶ԽһÿһŵӶĵʮ򣬶ƺڵĸ֣ǳڵˣƺ˵ǧ򣬽ƺԲų֮Ϊƺڡ


һǧ٩ Ԫ
ľзƺڵӵǰĴڣϻзʮ˿̾ͼһƬƴĽϻзɳ֮䣬ͽɽϸһ㽣ơ
ƺ񽣣ն
ľз֪΢Ҳû֣־ǿһУʮһƺ񽣣ն¡ķÿһնɽն֪ʮһն£˵ǳڣǺڵҲһˡ
Ʋƺڣɣ΢ľз˵ΪʿԽ΢һնɱ
ȻҪԸⲻΪ΢ƲƺڣʵҪ鶦ȻȻȻΪ΢״֮ľ鶦
ֻҪɱ΢״֮󶦾ˣϧԭ
Ȼ΢Ϳ⣬ʱҲûá
콣ƻһɺ΢Ҳܵеơ

΢˵һ֣Ȼ񽣣ȻеķϣҲһն
˲䣬һаɳľ޴׹⽣𣬺ľзƽײһ֮ľ޴ĽâɢĽʮʣ·ɢ䣬ǽǾɽ罬Ҳ˲䱻˽ײ
֮䣬֮ǰ״ľɽ˿Ѿɼɽµ˴˿̾ȵ̧ͷȥɽ֮ϣײĽԼ΢ľзˡ
⣬΢׽ƺڵƽǴˣǾ
ûȷǴˣҪˡһҲǳԾ
΢һ¾֮ǰڡº͹񹬾Ͱˣû뵽ȻƺҲҵո˵󣬻ǲ֪˵
ȻϢܿʹ˳ȥ
յһ׹鲼žž첻ϣȻǵԾƵʮһķ飬žžǷѵ졣
ɽһѾɵֻۣǿ֣һ۾Ϳƺƺƣʮɵƺ죬Ƿ
Ҫ֪ƺڵҪϻʱǵķҪռֲϾ˵ƺڵ˵Щǵӡ
ĺƺڵľз壬һ£ûз裬϶ǻˡһϵľзо
ͬʱ΢ֶΣײǷתÿһὫ飬ͷ·ǲǧķһһ㡣
˵ľз壬ǿҲľҲ۰Щɶ޼֮
ɽϣ΢һľзǿʽ˵˫ľз۾ˣ˿ķڲϱݻ٣ºǿʲô춯֣ƺ󡣡
ƺһҲǼæʩչͼǱĽϻҲǲϳʣÿһˣﵣ˼Ѿǽݾʮɽɱ΢
΢׹֣һնȥ
һȸղһҪǿᣬһ˳ŽԾϷתֻƬ̣ͽϴ󲿷ֵķ顣
ľзѪޱȣҪ֪õĿƺڵĶ߸˼һնɱǳˣҲһս֮˿̣΢ǾȻǴһʼͱѹƵġ
ôܣ
ľз弸
ʵϣƺǿҪ֪΢ҲǱƺһԷĽ֮ǿ΢֪ǹ⿿ֶΣȻƴ
һֽ֮ƵĽѾһ˿棬΢ΣֻǶĵơ
Ҳ΢ĵԪ
΢ĵڶԪǺһ𣬵΢ĵڶԪ񣬿ֶͨΣ֮ȵȡеڶԪ΢Ըǳڵ練ơ
˿̣΢õĵԪǿ
Ԫ΢ףۺƳġ񡯡
ӵеƻԳ΢ĿǰһֶΣ˿ƺڵĶѧ΢ҲֻܶĵԪ
ոջԷģҲɻ׵磬ٷԾ˿̲ߣֻƬʱ䣬ȻǽԷˣʮȫ顣
Ƭ£ͬһꡣ
ľзѾˣЩǵӣǸǿ־壬Ѿ⡣¾Ҫߣʱͻ
ڣǾ˵˿̣˵ͻȻ𶯣͵ıպϡ
΢Ӧ죬պ˲Ѿʩչɲӳľз˷ӦһסǵĲҽ𣬵Ƭ֮󣬲ҽȻֹ


һǧ٩ Դ
˿΢ڿУоŵʶĿ΢ĵԪ
У΢Żᶯ񣬴˿߶֮γ֮״̬֮£΢ʩչʲôԼӳ
΢ɽǾ޴ޱȵľˣ˿ͽգ޴ޱȵͷ­ϣԭյ۾ȻҲ
һ˫һе񣬿΢֮󣬾ͷ·ſһ΢
һ̣˾޴ıǿ׵УθߴСˣÿһͶһɶߣѾǾ޴ޱȣɽзŵľȣͬϡ
ЩСһͬħһ㣬̤շɱ΢
΢˿̱ĿӦһѾǶԵǰ֪
ڸղţĶĸӦ֮ϵ鶦֪鶦ʵǱɽطͨͨȡġ
֣ԴɽԴģɽڣԴ֮Դͷ
֣΢Դ֮Աǣһɽеľˣ˵°ܽȻҲԳ֮ԴֱЦ
鶦ݹϢԴҲ൱˲õĴڣǱһϲ˽쾳˸ܷӡԴԭҲˣͨȫʢʱڣԲ΢ܶԸģһָͿԽ΢ɱȻڵԴˣ۷ʱڰɵĹûС
ɼˣȻҲѪСˣǰΧɱ΢
ԭ򣬾ΪԴ֪΢ȡ鶦ġԴ˱쾳˷ӡŻָһЩǣԷųһ˿ȥӡȻҪľߣѾ˽е֣Ǿ꣬ҲûȫȥֻҪ㹻󣬻Ըѷӡ
ԣôͨѰ鶦ڣȻȡһ鶦̥ǣԭͭʣתΪʣ˾硣
һ鶦ܲ㹻
Ȼ˭Ҫ鶦ǾС
΢ŪЩҡҡͷȻ꣬ڵһᣬǺܿϧ鶦ҵģһҪȡߡ
΢˵鶦ͬҪԴ˵ΪָңǼԷ޷΢ҲԲǶֻ֣תߡ
ڣЩѪСˣ΢ѹ塣
΢֪Ψһȡ鶦ĻᣬᣬȵԴ˸ѷӡǾҲûˡ
ΧѪѾÿһǳڵҺη΢鷳˿Ѿǧ֮ǷųԪ񣬺ɱЩѪˡ
ٶȼ죬Իǧ٣Ծͬһ㣬һƬ˲ɱ
ͼ׹ɽ֮ڶֻƬʱ䣬ǧѪ˾ͱ΢ɱ˳ɡ˿ΧѾؾۣûпһĻǿǶȥȰţԲҪ΢Ϊ΢һˣͬʱɱǧ˵
˿΢¿ȥҪʱһĸӸߴ󣬶ЩصѪ˷
΢һ㶣ղɱôѪˣҲû˵ϸһ΢֪Ѫ渽һΪǿꡣ
ȻӦþǴԴ˵־
һԣɽԴˣӵϷǲ鶦ұ֤㹻ô
Ȼ΢̸
֪˭΢̽Եһ䣬Էܴս緢鶦ҽ΢ܾòżȻ¼֮ǰ߸ƺڵʱҲԴˣΪƫƫԼһЩ
ǣ֪Լзȡ鶦ġ
Ѫ˫һ˿ƻȻ˲֪ȴ֪ҵһս磬֪˭ôսɵ޷˽Ტ۵ģֻҪңõȨƣҪٱһɵۡ
Ȼ֪˭ȻˣӦ鶦ڱصãӦ΢ֶΡ΢˵꣬˵Ѿǻӽն¡
ԴҪƱҪ鶦ɣƫƫ΢ܴӦ飬һս޷⡣
Ȼˣ΢ԥĶˡ
һնȥֱӽԻѪնɱ˵Ǻݺݵ˵ϣҪԷһȱڡ
΢һѪ˷Ҫǰ΢ոտͱ΢һնɱ
󣬾ͼ΢һһǾ˵ϣɽľ޴𶯣ԴȰ˵вͿŶûá
ƫƫڵֶθ޷ֹ΢һʱ֮䣬Ȼֻ΢
ڣʮ£Ԩ˾޴ͣǱһȱڡ


һǧ٩ 
ѾǱ΢׽Ѫģһ޴ӳǾϣðȻǱ΢Ӳնһȱڡһ̣΢£˲С
ס֣΢Ҹ֮·ҶƲһŷŭԹ쳹ɽɽµڶҲ
Ƭ֮һӰһڿշƬ֮ʧ٣֪ȥԭ궯ľɽҲ˲䰲
ɽȻǿʼɢԭֵľɽҲֳΡ
һ˵ߣɽ
һɽϾɽӦвٺöģһЩûд֮ˣҲԻȡôһЩԵ
ȵϵɽǾ˵Ĵ֮󣬿һĻ𾪵Ļ档޴ޱȵľ˴죬ȻǱӲƿһʮɶȱڣսӣƵ鲼ܣ֮⣬Ƿƺľз˵ʬ塣
ľзļңӶ棬;˵ĴΪһ壬ϸһѪ˿ƤͷѾǱɸʬò⼸ƺڵҲһ
˭ɱľзˣƺҪʣ˾Ѿ˴𰸡
ǣ΢ƺնɱϢֶߣȻ󲨣Щ΢һŲ֪ӰԴ鶦֮̾ߣߵɽһ˼ĵط̲󷨣ʼչ
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鶦Դ˵ĸʣ̫࣬΢⼸ؾŶһ񻯣ˣ΢Ϊɱǡ
Դӽ˽֮΢ΪһЩԭǴУȻҲʶ˰׽¡޾ɽӵȺѡ֮΢¹䣬
ѾĵˣǾ͵ˣ΢£Ҫвµʱ
Ϊ;ʱ
һĵ¹֮ڣ΢ڵأȡ񻯵鶦ΪѾ´鶦ϵ޷͸ȥ΢üԦؾŶķţԴǰ㱻鶦ų
˿Ưڿе鶦ҲǻԾȻػ˻Ҳʮ˷ܡ
΢ʩչڶ֮ʼ񻯵鶦
һ¾ȥһµʱ䣬ʮǰ΢ΪѾǳɹˣﵽǳڡ
һ΢Ѿӵ˺ͷǳ˵սɱ
΢ʱ񻯵鶦Ҳֻһѣ΢ڽ񻯵鶦ȫһΪȻѾƵĽӽǳڡ
֪Իᾪǵ°ͣ΢ԼЩԾϸһ룬ҲؾŶÿѰһ˵ؾŶؾŶѾѰذ˶һԲ΢ΪҲһһڶô򵥣鶦Ѿ񻯣΢Ż
ɹ֮΢û̳ȥ룬ȴؾŶȫֳ˿̣Ư˸󶦣м鶦֮⣬Ļͭʡ
鶦ѾŪԴ񻯵ķţȻ񻯵ؾŶҵΪΪβ߸Ҳһ񻯣ʱȻֱӽǳڡ΢Ȼ˦ȡһѪ⡣
Ѫ⣬ǴԴڳģ΢նʮ׽ƿԴ˵ͣУǶ鶦Դ˵ľǼһ
Ȼ΢ʤʱ΢ۿԴǵֱӽԴҲĹһѪնһ˳
鶦΢֪Լ˶ıˡԴǣԴһѪ⣬Ҫ񻯵ؾŶԴǲɻȱĲϡ
¾㱸΢Ȼȵպ񻯡
ԴѪ䣬𣡡΢մ鶦ϻȡķţ䷨̧һ㣬һԴǾͷѣš
߸ֱͶ߸ؾŶʣԴǣ΢һûһǢҲǵؾŶһ΢Լ塣
ԴǰģðײãֻҪΪսģ΢᳢ԡ
ˣʮչȥ
Ԩǿȥʣı䷨ʣʮҹͣĴеĵؾŶȫ񻯡
Ȼ񻯵û鶦㾧Ө͸覣΢˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ΪٴȻͻƵǳڣȻֻǸողӣҲǰ޹ˡ
ǳںȻ˶٣ֻнľ磬֪֮Ĳࡣ
ֱر
ǳ֮΢Կ϶ʥ£ֱһƾܽ
Ҳ˵΢ǳ֮ɱǳڵˡ


һǧ٩ ǿƼ
΢չؽӽ£ʱߵɽںֱҪַˡ
֮ǰ΢նɱл˹檰׹ǷˣϼʥǳڵҪɱ΢ˡˣӦǾޱȣ³ͱ˼ȴû뵽΢Ȼǵ鲻󣬾ȻƺҲˡ
Ϣİ׹Ƿ˺ͼʥɵˡ
ǿƺڰƺڣ²˽Ĵ֮һǸ΢һӣȻƺڶҵ׹Ƿ˵۾ͻȻðһͷԼл˭ãҪôһӣװ׶
ǼʥϸһЦðƺڵĵӶɱ΢ҪҿҪ˶ãƺھͻ
ʥĻӦˡ
ܿ죬ƺھһλǳڵ˸֣ųϡ
ȻͬΪǳڣǼʥǰ׹ǷˣԷǼΪԭܼ򵥣˼ƺڵĳϣ̱Ҫöࡣ
ųҲԳִˣΪ߰΢ĵϸ֮ɫ΢˭ɱͽܣֻҪһߵɽұҪնɱλʱɲҪų֣ǶĳǷһ顣
ʥͰ׹ǷȻϲųϷԸ񣬵ҲǿͷֻҪ΢ˣĿľʹﵽˣҾǲԸ⣬Ҳܺų϶ΪСµƺڵˣֵ
һڵߵɽǳˣѾλӹⶼûй飬һԽߵɽˣΪٸҲǳڣ磬Ȼǳţǧ̸
ʱʥʲô΢΢һЦųϣмǻ֪µĿӴʦڵߵɽ֮Ѿ״УһǰѾأΪѾǳڣǽɽ֮ŽģԲܽŹޣڣ΢ߵɽĻᶼûС
ųһҲһ㶣ղǺ˵Ǹ΢ɱµäɮ󼪣˵ҲгԹˣɱ΢Ҳԣ΢һ棬ҲһɱˣȻٴ΢Ŀɽ˭һɱҪ֪ɱƺڵĵӣ³𡣡
ǳڵǿߣߵɽﻹһոսǳڵĿӣ˵ɱһЩСˡ
Ըһ΢û˻΢ܷ
΢ɱľзˣ뿪ɽ֮󣬱һֱûѶû֪΢ڵߵɽʲôλãϾߵɽ֮Ҳ޴ЩطнƵģѲ顣
ǰ׽µټ˲̽ˡ
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ӴʦѾˣߵɽвһµʱҪرգһҪʱѰҵ΢ȻɱԷΪäɮ󼪱
΢ؼǰ׽ϡ
һָɽ֮ϣ׽´˿̰Ȼ޳ɽӣкǧѩ˶һԣΧһȺˣǵһࡣ
׽£˵ɣ΢ںδǲ˵ͱˡһ˵Ҳͬɷһ㡣
Ϊ΢ϵ̫ߣԺܶ²ֱȥԸ΢ҲҪӴ΢䣬Ϊڣ̽΢Ҳ͵ġ
׽¶ΧЩ˲⣬ǳԱ߱޾ɽӵЩԸãվʵûбҪ
޾ɽȻ֪׽ǣǣ˻벻⣬֮ǰѾ˵ˣǷͷжΪǻȡУǶ˴ѾȡΪҲֵ˿£ǼΪֵܣǸ
һ⻰׽Ҳ˵ʲôˣ˵ǾǿԼֵˡ
ʱ䣬Ƕǻ治٣Ϊ΢ǸŮͽܣȻǻԵɺ֮»ȡһУѾǳڵˡ
˲ãʣҪһ˺ܶ࣬۹һ㣬׽Ƕ΢ޱȡ
°׽³Щ˵ϻ˵Ұ׽ʲôǲֵܵ飬ҪΪҰ׽ǲɣ
˵꣬׽Ʊһǳڵӿ
Щһŵĺһ˭뵽׽¾ȻͿӴʦһͻƵǳڡ
ֱЩ˼
ϸ֪׽½ɽʱѾڶԪ񣬽ΪͻƵǳڣõؽ״֮󣬻ȡӦĴУΪȻˮǴߣǰ׽λõĴУΪĹԲŻЧɽӺͱ޾ҲͻƵǳˡ


һǧ٩ һȭ
ΧЩ˼׽¾ȻͻƵǳڣǴùģǰۿΣҪ⣬ǱͻȻһȭմֱŰ׽¶ȥҲǼæһȭһ죬׽ֱӱʮǿסΡ
ǳҲǷǿ׽£ǳڵľ绹ȹ̣ȹ̣Ҳ覴֮ҵУǲֵһᡣһըһ𣬾ͼԶһ޺һɮǿӴʦ
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ӦԣͬΪǳڣ׽ҲԲǿӴʦĶ֡
޾ɽӼ׽¾ȻͻȻĿӴʦһȭˣ֪׽²ǿӴʦĶ֣һ̣޾Ϳ˸ڿӴʦı޳
ԷҲ˱޾
㣿־Ȼû޳һ˿â޾ҲһɫǳУǾԲܻС
޳Ϊλ޾Ľ㣬Ūıƽ޾˱ȣұ޾鷳޾ҲŹ
˿̱޾ľѾղͬ˿ԳУҲûбֵɥʧǣһǰһ޳ұɡ
޾ƾ֣Ҳ䣿޳˵Ȼô˵ûףҪ֪ڱȣ޾ʾҪֻŪıƣԲݺ˶Էô꣬ΪﻹǶԱ޾һ˿¡
ʱвٱȵĵӿţҲ¶ӣϸһ룬ЩԼΪ޾أ汻ûкõԴҲûʦ̵Ϊǿȥ
ԣδԼ֡
˵ﻹпӴʦΣԼӦ벻֮ء
뵽޳һǰֱʮ׶ɱ޾ĺ˵ʹȻǴռȻ
ȴ֪޾֪ԷԸ񣬱޳ն޾Ѿͬʱ֣ųͬʱһѳ߶೤
ʮλȡ˴УҲһϣͱ޳ǻڵͬһΣ޾ֻһ
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ɽӼ״Ҫǰæȴ޾ɽ֣вĴҪֽɱΪҽ㱨𣬰Ǳ߸Ҫæ
⻰˵ĺ޳ɽðæ׽¶ԸӴʦǲĴС
˿̿ӴʦѾߵǰֻǿһڼı޳ͱ޾¶м֮ɫȻ׽µ˵΢ڣ㲻
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ˣ׽Ҳܶ˵ʲôܳѡ
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ǲײĲᣬǺãɷΪ˵˵Ӵʦ˵ȻһȻɲ֮͵˰׽½ǰץȥ
ָϴһץץʵˣڰ׽ץѪ
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׽ҡͷҳϴ򲻹㣬Ҫɱɱҳѣ붼롣
ڤ粻飡Ӵʦŭһ羪ףȻҾͳȫ㡣
˵ֳ꣬ȭȭ·̺֮׽ͷ­˿̰׽ѾܣΧҲҡͷӴʦ̫ǿˣͬΪǳڵİ׽ǿ̫࣬ѾȫѷЩƵǳ˸֣֪֮󣬿ӴʦΪµ
׽²˿̰۾һգ͵ŶԷԼư
ʱԶͻȻһȭƺǻﷶΧֱӳɱӴʦǴһΪһȭǳ
΢ӴʦϲҲܵϵİ׽£ǷͬΪһȭ
һ̣ԶȭͿӴʦȭͷײһ
ͿӴʦȭ˳˵һ̣ǵȻֹΪӴʦѾΪ۷壬һȭԺһеĽȭȻǱһƿȭķ飬ɲ֮䣬Ӵʦڲź;֮£Լֱָۣ壬ڽڱſӴʦȭմ򱬡
˲䣬ž


һǧһʮ ϶
Ǳ߻ɱı޳ͱ޾ҲͣĿɿڴĿһĻ
ӴʦȻһȭɱýõȭһ£һȭһЩϣҲñȭ˺顣
һ˴ԶߵĺȴһɣƬʱѾߵǰ
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ɱ˿Ӵʦ
ôܣĪ΢Ҳ޳ǳˣ
Χ˾ޱȣ׽¡ɽϲ
е˷Ӧ죬һתǳ΢ݼˡ
һĵҿ޳ܣȴҲǺԥǰֺĳ΢񣬾ͺǲ鷳ģݼ΢һ¶һ㣬ͻᱻ΢һȭһ
΢ܿЩ˵뷨΢ҲúǼƽϣֻ
˷ּ޳һɴ⣬æߡǱµһҧгݣû뿪ȵˣǿ޳
ͱ΢һȭסˣ˿еӣװģ΢Ϊ޵УҪߵɽȥ֪ˡ
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΢𣿡
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ֵУ΢翴޾Էſ̹ǳޣܷŶԷȥ
޾˿һЦ˵ű޳ɱȥֵֻܵɱò˵޳аֶΣ˿Ǳ΢壬ΪӲ˳ɣʮڣͱ޾նɱ
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߰ɣɱ޳ֻΪ˱𣬶ѾûκιϵΣɱ޳ڹЩ£Ѿ׺ģȥϣµΪֹҪ𣬾ҡ޾˵ƺ޾͸һɳǺ⡣
ǣʦһǸȵӼæ˵ȴ룬ƺҲֻǳڣ޾ѾͶԷΪ൱ֲǣ޾Ȼϵ΢ɱ
Ӵʦǰ֣΢ȻնһȭɱΣ
ǻȥȰ裬ǧñȲ򣬱Ҫ鷳
ȻЩ룬ȽĶ򣬿ͨӶܿȻѾ˵΢һʵѾͣпܺСᲢ۵ġ
Ͼǳڵˣ²˽ҲԿˡ
µЩȻұֻǽϿӴʦĲʬռȻ뿪һ仰Ҳû˵Ҳ˵
Դ˿̣Լ֮⣬Ѿߵһʣ
ֱ𶯣ˡ΢˿˦ִһԣ˲γһ¯̬׽°ڡ
Ƭ֮ڶ֮֮£׽µȬ
֣Ϊͺ¿һȭ򱬣ãһҲûʲôµˡ׽´˿̹ЦԱɽӺͱ޾Ҳͷǧѩǰ΢ݵ
ǧѩˣ΢۹⼫Ϊһ۾Ϳǧѩ˿̵Ϊ߹ǣɽôУŽҽˡ
ã΢ͷǺ£Լһʵּǿһ֡
ںǧѩ޳ˣҲɿ΢ΪԼλʦ𣬾ȻԸսӴʦֶͨΣںǧѩѾ޵С
׽ǽ֪΢΢ͷϵ϶вǿԼΪˣ΢ѡڵߵɽ֮ھܵΪ
Ѿǳڣʲôʥ֮Ѿ΢ͬǳˣ΢Ҳ¡
ңߵɽرջжʮ죬΢״֮ûء
λȥȡУȻɱȥ΢˵ţȡ״֮߶֮£Ӧ֮ء
˿̣ǼѾ΢ΪˣͳŸո΢һȭ׽֪޳ǳڣҲ΢̫Զ
ԼӦ΢ǿҲǳڶѡ
Ӻͱ޳һߵɽ֮û˭Ҷ΢·ˣҪôŵɢӣҪôǾֵǰãϢܿʹɽ֮⡣
Ϣ˲䣬ʥԼ϶ˡ


һǧһʮһ ״
ʲôӴʦȻ΢һȭˣֱǺ˵˵ǲܵ飬ǼԻڡʥżɽгŭ˵ȵµ˴ſӵĲʬ֮߳ٲţҲûˡ
һ˲䣬ʥֻоƣѾǳڵĿӴʦôܸܰ΢һǱ΢һȭɱ
ܣԲܡ
ǼӵĲʬʥǲţԱ߰׹ǷȴںҪҲûʲô˲𣬲΢ܴӮӣҲܽɱҿӦǾһս˵ҲֻˣҸոսǳڣȽһЩţҶԷҲ㹻ĴУҲȴǿᲢ۵ģǹɱʱ򶼲öָͷ΢ȭĻᶼûУͻᱻɱ
ƺڵĶųϸһмУֿɱȷûʲô˲𣬷жʮ죬΢ǲҲУʱһ֣ѾǸˣ룬äɮ󼪺ͿӣӦòôưոݰɣʦǲŽ֡
ʥȻͬ˵ĻӴʦжǿ˭ֻҲûж˵ʲôֻµ˾췵ȥţµĴʦξ
ʦ֣ǳ۷弶ǿߣһǿߡ
˷˿ӣʦӦòưոݲŶԡ
ɽüʥ˸оЩ졣
ûκʦҲûзųֻƬ¾ȻǺ޷Ӧ
ô
ʦǸˣôĪʲôεԢ⣿ʥʦһ棬Էĸˣ˵Ѿǰֻ̤磬Ǿ˵ʦ޳һַͨԿȥδĪǣʦʲô
ʥ²Ǹ΢̫Źֻ֣һˣ˿̿϶Ѿҡ뵽й񹬵İ׹Ƿ˺ƺڵĶųҲڣʥ־òܳʲô⡣΢ͷٴѵܴùƺڣ
ƺˣ²˽磬ľ޵ж֡
һˣ΢Ӧ˹ʺˣֻһЩУԣûõ״֮ǻô֮ΪˮǴҲ飬ټϿУȷǿܸܰǸ΢ǳˣ΢Ҳ
ʥ뵽϶Ѷ΢״УԻܿӣǵĶ֡
ʥ֪΢ûл״оѾɱӣ֪θ룬᲻̷һгԹתӣ
Ȼ֪
˿΢ǰһɽ
ߵɽߵһɽ֮ϣһΡ
״ָ֮ĵط
˶Ϊһ·ϣֱɽۣǰ
ߴޱȣǰСĿǰһ񣬸ߴɣͬһ㡣
УȻһף˿̷ҫ۹âž죬Ǿ뼫ԶҲܸܵ
ͷ·׻ʱͷ
֣˵ɽдǶȴָɽۣ֮ǰе췣ףɽõĴ֮һĪ״֮ӦľһУ׽ʱ˵
΢Ӧһ´֮ϵϢȻ˵ͷȻ΢ҪȡĴС
췣𣿺ãܺãĿǰĹԽҵĵԪС΢а֮ǰѾף׶ԪУԪ׳ͬʱҲ˱ʵټ΢ͬԴ˵ľǣ֮ǰܸһȭӴʦ
˿̶һףȻǿ΢ս
һ̣΢Ҫǰȡ췣ףʱ׽¼æõĴΧΣմڣСΪϡ
΢һЦǰ΢ն׼ȡ췣׵ʱ֮ͻȻһֻ޴ޱȵ΢
Сģ׽µѣ΢ȴǻȻ壬ͼһȭõǺɱͭӺͿӴʦȭ
ȭմֱӽǾ޴մɢ
׽һһΣ΢̫ǿˣô˵ԺһǳᲢۣѶԸû뵽ôһ׵飬ȻǱ΢һȭɱ
ͼ΢һץ췣ȡ£ͬʱԭ΢еĴ֮Ҳʧ١
֡ɽ֡޾֡ǧѩٵҼʱ䣬ҽ췣Ǳɽȥʱ΢˵꣬ͷʼһ췣ס


һǧһʮ Ŀ
ߵɽ֮ڣɽۣ֮΢չأ췣ף׽ǱԻһȣʮȥ
ߵɽرҲûмʱˣɽˣ󲿷ֶ˸ԵĴУҪôиûпֶģȻ½뿪ߵɽ
˳ȥ֮ûߣǵɽ֮⡣⼸ʱ䣬ԽԽ࣬ȻǱ֮ǰɽʱҪ࣬дɽгˣҲв١
棬һЩ²˽統ĸ֡
ɢ˵Ϊľˣǳڵ˸֣˭֪׽¾Ǿͽܡ
ԾһǱʥ˵ɵˣھ֮ûãҲ˸֣һһ£ͷ龧ڣ̵ֳ߲ŮӡŮ֮⣬бȵкպϡ
ǳڵˣȻǱȵĹԸȴǻޱȣһԲϾɱʬ˸ǡ
˿һʹ޾ʱǲɽУȵ洫ӱ޳ƺҲ棬ɱĺҲ΢ĺѣ޾Ϣ֮ͨ˸֪޾ǱȵĵӣֻΪͱ޳űţףϡ
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ͽܽѲ⵱ʦǲܣ̣ܽʥܲȴһЦҲõСͽ˵
˵꣬Ͳʥˡ
϶Ϊͽվ̨ߣһܴ򼸿Ŷ涯˭ʥ˵⻰ǳŰ׹Ƿ˺Ͷų˵ģбȵϣȻվͬһսߡ
ð׽³֮ͷϴǾͷŹ׽£Ǹһ΢˭ҲûáƺڶųһɱԱ߱ȵҲб޾Ǹ֣Ҳ
죬ԽԽ࣬ţɢޣȻ˵ߵĶ֡
Ͼֿǲģһ˵ţûķˮɽ֮ڻôʵǰѼǧѼѼ
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϶ǰ϶飬ܷκ⣬ǸΪС³Ѿעˡ
Ҳ֪˭Ȼһ˵ǡ
˵СԳһɵ΢֮ǰ֣˵΢һʼˣֻһ·ɱɾ
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գһ޴۷̻Իͣվһˣºڷ翳
ˣƺڵĶųҲɫһ䡣
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Ȼͬ뷨˲·ڱϣȻǲܵ飬˭֪ŵĿֲĳ̶ֳ˵ƺڶҪǿһ֣Ǿ˸ǵĴڡֹأ΢ǾͲˣ˭֪΢Ųʲôţʲôɽʲô֮ˣ֮ˣɱ֮Բű˳֮Ϊɱ΢ţǲϡ棬ƺڵľз嶼ɱٵһҲʭӶ˲ҧûɶ˵ġ
һΣȻǲ´ˡ
վϣȻ춼˴˿̴һ仰Ǿˡ
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һ𵴻
һˣһ𾪣ĿɿڴţھȻԸ΢һϢĽ֮ǱȱȽǣ֮Ӧǣʥųϣ׹Ƿ˵ɫΪѿ


һǧһʮ ԹǿΪ
˭뵽ŵ춼ǰȻΪ΢ֻҪ΢ϸһ£ͻ̫ˣ˵΢ǵ飬˵ֶΣǾǿԽһЩڵŵӶȥ΢һ·ɱˣǸŸɵĶӡ
ڵһӼƳͭӺäɮ󼪣пӴʦ񹬵һлƺڵľз壬һȻ΢Լ΢ʣ֮ϣҳĻһ㣬˵ǾҲΪ
һ˵΢Щ˸оͳһһֻҪһ£ͿԹʶĿš
ڵ֮ҪѰҵԴеŵӣ΢ʺϵһΪˣŲŻʱ׳֦
Ȼſ΢Ȼ׿Խ˿Ϊ̫ţѾǵΪеҲ˵ǴһС
΢˵ţΨһѡ񣬳
ŵ춼ô룬ʥҲôģǴ˿һѿɾԲŵ˼
⵱УΨһģƺڵĶųϡ
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Ȼųƺڣ㲻춼˵ĺ
Цһһ֮ɫǸӱնɱѧղֵ˭նŵģʲôҲôͱ˵ƺڵ࣬㣬ʸ뱾
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ңû˻ɣŰɣӦúܿͻ㴫Ϣʱ֪ôˡ춼˵꣬ٴųϣʵ˸һεĴڡ
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𾪣֪ŴѶֶΣôԼģֻƺĸ߲ſ
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ƺڵͬĿɿڴ
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ֻ΢Ϊû˶ǳڣսȴǼΪԣ˵֮ǰ΢Ҫһȭɱӻȫ˿ֻ̣߰˷㹻ɱˡȻһεߵɽ֮ã΢ǻ࣬Ļǳɹջ鶦һؾŶֻһ
ȵŶ룬΢Կ϶ԼΪͻͽ
֣ɽ֣޾֣õˣ΢˵Ѿ㣬׽¿΢֪΢ͨѳɣǳ۷ˣҲ΢ûˣ˵ڵ΢˵ѾܵСҪ֪֮ǰУ΢ֻһֻǳڵĴڣʱ׽¿Կ϶΢սӮĿ϶ԼڣܸӦ΢ΪǳڣȻԼ޿ƥеĸо
ĪǣǾţ
Լˣ˲õһѡ
֣˿Ȼǿγȥ׼׽ʱ˵Կ϶΢ɽ֮նɱлͿӣȻѾ췭ظ
ȴ΢һЦǿٶ࣬һն֮ߣ
׽ҲǱ΢ŸȾټÿһɽ֮öջԽǹЦ΢һɽڡ
ɽǰ˿˸ոմɫ˶֪΢Ҫˡ
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˵Цˣ΢İţܿŮ
Χ˴˿̸̽Ȼ²˽΢ǺޱȣĽģмʵģҲͳ޵ģЩڿ΢ɽ߳˲䣬ﵽ˶㡣
΢ˡ


һǧһʮ Ϊ
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Ǳ΢壬ηı֣Щ΢ֵˣǶ΢η绢
ʥ΢˫͸ɱ޲ǰ΢ǧУԱ߰׹Ƿ֪ɱӵ΢Ҳһı飬ŵ춼ڳǰˡ
ƺڵĶųɫ䣬һԣԼ̣Ȼ´﷨΢ˣųһǧһԸ⡣ԣʱϾҪԷǰͿ΢Ҫôˡ
ųȻ΢ţҪˣֻǽţ
֮ųǺ޲΢ȥ
бȵϣǲȥ΢ֻǶ΢ı޾ɱ
ͽ޾Ȼɱ޳ҷǵý뺮̶ĥһꡣ˫ĿޣۿҪ֣ʱһͬǰǸʤѩŮȴǳϣ޾ҲǱȵĵӣΪѾǳڣ˿ȱ޳˷ҷ֮ǰ΢޾΢ǺѣҲϣΪƻ£ʱ޾ԸţҪгޣ𣿡
һȻвԸȻŮڱȵλͣΪϣҲΥ棬ֻǵͷ
ȴͬ΢ҪҲֻȥţ²˽Ĵڴɣ˵Ҳ϶޷Ტ۵ģ˵ԷȣȻˣ޾Ҳ϶ʱԼұ޾鷳΢ԷֻҪӣӦò棬ϾҲǺǵģұ޾ɱ˱޳Ϊµӱ飬ҲȨ棬ϾԼֲȥ΢鷳޾Ҳŵˡ
֮΢Ű׽µ˳˵ݲȣһݵڱ˿Ǿܿɹˣŵ춼ˣ˿Ҳ۾һͷ
ӹȻͬ죬̰꣬δزٳһ춼а£̤նУһһһ㽫Χȫѹȥ
ߵٿɾʱ춼ͣͼһ³ƮȻޱȣ񣬶ͷƷģ򣬺ʣһѾǳ۷ǿߡ
ֻҪǰһͿ뵽ٱôġ춼ԼȻôССһʵȴ죬֪˺ľԪҲ޷̤һԼԵҲԲȥһͬǵ
²˽磬ǳ۷Ǿվڶ˵ˣɲڻ£˾
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춼Լ΢ԷԻԥӦҸж£Ͼ΢ѾĴУûűӻ׿ԽҲǱɡ
ȻͬĿܰţǾǼĸ֣˭Ҳû뵽΢һ춼ˣҡͷлѺ⣬΢һɵۣҼΪܾ£ͥ
ⷬ˼˵һɵۣޱȣôܰݵӣܵ顣
Ȼ΢̫飬ȷܰʲôӣԾܾڱ΢звʶ̧٣
ʥһЦû뵽΢ȻҾܾܾˣһǵţʱ΢ôкùӳԣ
ŵ춼˲ƽϣҲ϶ٻŶԷԼٶ֣϶˵ʲô
ˣȻˣʵв˶һпϲ
Ȼܾˣʵ̫Դˣ̫Դ󣬾Բǽ΢ˣҲãĴ֪ڣӦÿԽȡŮ˵
Ȼ춼΢Ȼܾŵɫһ䣬΢֪ʲôѡ˷ѵǺֻ᣿˵ûи״һ䣬Ըš
ͼ΢ЦҸոѾԡ
춼üͷһ壬ɫҲ˲䣬΢ǾܾţɨԼӣһǿϯԶҲǱһѹļ́ͷ
΢һ֮ȴһ磬羪κ˵ȹ̵Ľʯһ㡣Ϊ춼˻΢֣ⲻ֪ô֮ɱʱ춼ȴƣˣǱˣϣ㲻ԽյѡڣΪ֮ɡ
˵꣬һ̤Ѿǻص֮ϣƮȻȥ


һǧһʮ ˮƺ
ŵ춼һ壬º΢гԹǵ˵΢ܵõŵıӻˡ
ã̫ˣ΢ֱѰ·ʥͰ׹Ƿ˼Ըӣûŵıӻ΢գ㹻Ľ΢ɱ
ǱƺڵĶųҲʮּ΢ȻҾܾţ˵Էܰƺڣ뵽ųѾһƣȴǰ΢ɱƺڵӣѾǴŭϺ͵ߣϷһ·һ··ϷµǸȻƺڣ·Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ѡɡ
ŨŨƺͲмҪŭ΢ΧҲˣҪ΢Ǳ΢֡ųе⣬һ˵ķ΢΢ʶ̧٣Ҳûӣֻɱ֮
΢ɨһ۶ųϣֻ˵һ仰
㲻һϹҲ΢ߣ
ǳӺͱģųϺεǴƺڵĳϣλһЩСŵ޼˿̾Ȼ΢ǱŭҪ֪΢֮ǰŵ춼˻ǿȴֱһϹؾ˭ջ
΢Ȼóų£΢Ĵԭ㾴ңҾ㣬ΪҪ㣿
΢Ҫɱ㡣ųϲȻŭ˵ֱӶ֡
£һƻ㼯ƺγһƣ΢
ƺƣƺڵߴ֮һųģҪɱ΢ˡ˳˵
΢֪ôȻܾŵҪ֪Ψһܻľֻţȴûץסᡣ
ǰ΢ǿƺڶųϵĶ֣˼ҿǴڳϡ
Ŵͷѹƺƣ΢̬ĵɽ֮ǰȷǲܵסƣϾǳڸֵһƣ΢סҲˣڲͬ΢һɽ֮ãǻǳѰ鶦Դǣ񻯵ؾŶֱӵлǳڵΪ˵Լ΢
΢ĵڡ
֣׽µ˿ͷѹµƺƣɫأȻǶоЯѹ
޷԰ꡣ΢ƽȾǣԭĵҲƽ΢ƺƳƺˮɢ죬ƺƣҾˮ淨һ
˵꣬΢Ѿѹƺһָ˲ƺơ
Χ˲΢ʲôܿ죬͸оΣϡϡܿưôꡣ
˾̾ǣЩ궼ûڵϣھҵĿУƬ̣γһպ
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쿴ųϵƺơ˼һһָڶ̧ͷһĿɿڴ
ԭưƺƣ˿̾Ȼ֪ɢһ룬Ҵ˿̻Լٶɢͷ·һԼٶڻһ㡣
СӲ񡣡ųһȻǴŭ㷨ٰ̧
һΣע֮£ԭɢƺᣬٴκȻ£΢һֻһͬķ𣡡
΢ˮ淨ĸմǻˮγһתϣֱӺͶųϵƺײһ
һվ֣ɫΪ˶˱仯ٿųϵƺƣȻǵֵס΢ˮ淨ֱӳɢǱͬγһɸˮųϡ
Χ˿̾Ϊֹ΢˵ðȻʩչȥûдﵽһڼȫ˶ųϵƺƣõ͵ȼԿƺھѧһռϷ磬΢Ȼһ֡
ųϼ΢ȻƽƺھѧŭΪոһɱ΢Ȼƣû뵽ǳȫ˱ˡ
̧һץʱγһǧɴС֣ץˮֵѹǧɣ棬Ҳǽʯķ飬˿֧ţʵõѾǱѹ壬ڵϡ
ƺ֣һƺھѧ˾̾һ䣬һ̣һɾ̾ͱɾ
ȴ΢һ䣬ˮȻǻֱ꣬ӽƺִƣʸ飬ɲ֮䣬ˮѾųϽǰߴһû뵽ԷȻƵԼƺ֣Ҳ£̧ȡһһһѾǽ֡
翣ȴǼӲˮ棬ȻԴơ
΢ֶΣȻܽϷƵⲽأһ壬ҲΪֹˣͣ򷨲ƣԵֵǳ۷ȫһ㲻ǳڣҲơų˵ﵱдžԵš
ǿδأ΢仯ɲ֮䣬ˮٶ·𼲹һ


һǧһʮ Χ
ٶ£Ȼֻ֮ͨˮΣٶȹ죬׻ʯο΢ˮ淨񽣾ͨˮΡ
޾ˮĹɱ֮£ųз壬ҲǱˣķ֣Էˮһһĥϵ
Ҫ֪ԼɲѰҪܶģȥò˶ãⷨҪϡ
΢֮ǿⲻܣǳڣô෨ˮֱ޾Уôȥųͷһ˾֣ԼȻһʼʱʹ·硣
˿һĻĥɾεֵ΢ơ
뵽ųϼҪͬһǿԼһ۳ԼΣһԼķԷ߽ѹ
һĻöųϼѪͬҲǽΧ˾ĿɿڴԭΪƺڵĶųֻҪһ֣΢̾ͻᱻ仨ˮȴû뵽ˣ˿΢ȻǹĶųæҽͷö
һߣʥҲޱȣôҲû뵽Ϊȥһ˵ߵɽȻֵزƺڵĶų϶΢ѹŴ¶ࡣ
׹Ƿˣ㻹Ϊӱ𣿡ʥ˿˵׹ǷһͷȻҾлһӣɱ֮𲻹졣
ãһΧ΢أ׿ԽѾܶųϣʱ¶Ķ֣ʥ˵׹Ƿ˵ȻҲ΢ͷ
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һĻΧɵǲݣʲôʱЩŵҲ˲ҪˣֺΪ˼ҸߣȻΧ
޳ܣǱһֱľ˿ͲסҲǳڵˣΪһ֣Ҫ׹Ƿ˺ͼʥ
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Ͼƹͽܽύ˶ͽֺͰ׹Ƿͽ룬ҪɱЩͽܵˣֺαЦҲˣִҪԱ޳֣Ǹ΢ٷְٻֶֻ֣Ը΢ֻҪ΢һʣµİ׽µ˸Ϊ塣
ǰ
ǰŮӼˣҲüͷһ壬Ҳûж˵ʲôԭҪ΢ɵȣһȵоͶһš
Ȼ֮ǰС΢ˣ΢ǿɱƳлˣ˿̾ȻѹŶųǳ˴򣬼ֱһĴڣʹ΢һ䣬Ϊ𣬲ͥĻͳ΢ԥܾŵ֪Լǰ΢Ҳܼȡ
Ҳû˶ְæɡ
ƣʥҲˣ֪΢ǵԲǶ֣ԲΧ
ǾţҲֵܵλǳ˵Χ΢ޣû뵽ȴ˵ԸϧˣϧˡŮ
ȴʥͰ׹ǷѾɱǣƾǿڳԸ΢
׽¼ԼʦҲˣȻǼޱȣּʦ𱻱ʥͰ׹Ƿ˲ҪΧҲŭǰһˡ
Ҫ֪׽Ҳǳڵ˸֣Ȼȹ̣Ҫǣƶеһǿġ
׹ǷˣԸ׽£ȥųɱ΢ɱ΢˶Ϊ塣ʥЦһԽ׽ɱ΢
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ԭ΢ոһֱûжȫûжĵڶԪ͵ԪҲΪ˿ԼΪս˶١
΢ϲޱȵģǶԸƺڵĶųϣ΢ҲѾ࣬һ΢Ѿеף˭Ҳû뵽ԼΪսֵز
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΢˿ˮ淨Ǳ߶ųѹæսţ͸ļʥһǰһ΢Χ
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ǸŮҡͷԴ΢ֶξͿʼմմϲΪ޵УȻ˵κĻû֪֮Ҳһɱ֮£Ȼ׿Խȴһ֪˺ô֮ˣţ¡
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ųϺͼʥһǷСǰЦ΢ҳϣȷȻѹϷ򣬿Ҫһжǲܵ飬ƺڵˣҲϷողûõƣ㵱ΪǿϷˣ
ʥ˵ųϣĪҪ˹ٷϻǳڣǶֱȻԽնɱκη֮
΢һƽȻˣǱսɣɵ۸ǻᣬǲҪҲԹˡ
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ҲŸƵԽնɱʥʮ㣬΢޾ɫڵߵɽ֮ڵԴ˵ľǣȻֳһ֮ˣѾǸһѾղӽ塣
һ΢ϣǿѾ塣˵΢ЩˣֻǴﵽǳ۷˲п˵Ҫ˵΢΢վŲǴ򣬷ǳ롣
˿̿ŷ΢ʲôãֻһץͽǺų˫ϡ
ܣµʦҲӲʥһһ̣΢ָһʥѾǶѡ
һҷɱ㰡΢ʥѾҪ裬֪ķѪȻǱ΢ôˣ΢ɱ˼ƳҪüʥŭͼʥ죬ȻһٶȻһԲ׽λãֻܿһӰ΢
΢һһ䣬׹죬ᴩء
󲿷˶ûпոշʲôҲ˿΢ȻǽȻ̧һ㽫ʥǳڵ˴ͷնΡ
Ҫ֪ʥǳڵˣһ¾ǱһΪҲȥ΢һͬСɣǼ׵Ľ׵ĺɱ֮£ʥֶٶ࣬ΪٸҲԵֵסҽжͱ΢һնɱ
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СӲ񣡡ųкˣոֻƬʱ䣬ʥȻˣһĶԾУȻ˵ʥ治΢
ųϷӦҲ죬΢ոһʥնɱͬʱҲ˦ųһͭʽϻ
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΢˵ľзǵƺҵҪӦƺ󡣡ųԸһЦȻǿ㹻ŵģΪʱֻƾ轣⣬ͿԽ΢նɱ
ӦԣȻһ֮΢ʼʩֻһΣ΢ΪԲ֮ܺǰͬն
ͷӲųǷƺ󣬾ͼ򷨽һһ΢
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һΣµķƬʱߵɽڣǧɷΧ֮ڣķƬ


һǧһʮ һս
˷ǰΧ۵˴ﵽ֮࣬ۼ΢նɱڼʥȻһƵƺڶųϵİ򷨽ǶųͰ򷨽һµҪֱһѪήҲ
Ҳ˵ֻƬʱ䣬΢նɱһˣһˣ𾪡
΢Ӯ̫ˣʥͶųҲ̫ܵˣʱųϻȻһ䲻ģ
΢û꣬ܿƺھͻὫɱ㣬׽ºЩһӲˡųҪйߣйеĺ⡣
΢Ťͷһ۶ųϣһ̤ȥȻһģֱڶųϵϡ
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ȴ΢ҡͷɱʥΪӵõ
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һ췣׽ѩٶȼ죬΢Ȼõ׻Ҫǿʮֻһȴ˲жųϵ䳹Ĩɱ
Χˣȫһ
ܿ΢ǹˣ֮ǰһųϣֱӾͿԽųϵɱȴרöԷɳ֮һ׹ɱڸ˿ġ

Ȼ΢ĿĴﵽˣĶǺɨʥͶųϣжԵˡ
񹬵İ׹Ƿ˱ɫ԰ף˿̸Ǵſ־壬ûٺͰ׽¶˵һԡ
ȵϸһٿӣ΢ɱʥͶųϣһҪǿϣһ΢ɱθҶ˵ʲôǣƾҲˣһǸ΢˼һͽԼնˡ
Ȼ޾ĳԹϾͷ·ʧ֢һ㣬ἰҲἰ
ȰŮӣ𾪣Ȼû뵽΢Ȼһ֮ǳڵɱҪ֪ʥͶųϿɲǿᲢ۵ģΧ΢Ȼ΢ɱ΢Ȼô
벻һǿˡŮϴһ˿û뵽΢֮ǰġ󻰡ʵǴʵ
նˣ΢֣˫ۺɨڶˣб΢۾ɨģҪôһҪôͷҺ΢ӣǹ񹬺Ͱ׹Ƿ˻бȵϣǴҳڰ׹ǷҲӱ飬Ȼɵ
΢ƺڵĶų϶ֱˣǿ϶Ҳں񹬣ԼӲɡ
ҲֻǱȴţȵƺ֣϶Խ΢ɱҪ֪΢նɱųϣѾǵͬںƺսˡ
Ϊ²˽Ĵ֮һƺս϶Ӧ΢ܲһʱ϶һ
ЩС˼΢οǴϢˣ΢ɲᡣ
񹬵˺ڣվ΢˵󣬵ȴɴݵÿһ˶
׹ǷƤ˿΢ĪϾɱ
΢۾ƽ棬ҡͷ΢Թ֮ǰʥǻᣬǲҪҲһᣬµΪֹǹ񹬲Ը⣬Ҳң΢ûǣ΢ұ̤ƽ񹬡
ⷬ˵İޱߣ׹ǷȻĻҲҷΪͼʥ޼ʥ΢ɱֵܵ΢У
ʱֻˡ
ڣҲһв΢Ը΢˵ֳ꣬ű˵֮ǰûǱȣеƣ֮ƥҰʦڸһ˵ɡ
Ůüͷһ壬Ƣͱ̲꣬ס΢̫ܵеùǳڣܵеùǳ۷㵱Ϊµһˣ
΢ϣֻǶǸŮӣȻŮӲǱ߱ȵĹˡ
ԷԥһԣҲ̬΢ЦЦȻһգ֮£΢˲Ϣȥ˲Ϣ飬׽մȾһ˿Ѫɲ֮ͱӰΡ
ٿϣ˫ĿԴһᣬ׷룬ĲԿϺ磬Ȼɲ֮Ҫùֵ޷ֵ΢նɱ
ǳϣ΢һնɱ


һǧһʮ ƺŭ
΢ٶ̫죬⣬һһزɲǣҪӦҲ
˵΢⾪ֶסˣǸŮӿ߱նɱϣɫһס
ŭģϾ΢նɱϣô˵ҲǱȵһλϣλ磬ȻôԷնɱǲЩʲôδ棿
ɺܿ죬ͽͷ׿
ԴһˣȵȻ֮׶Ը΢һˣλǿնɱǳ˵ǿߣ²˽磬ѾһͷҶԷƺڵӶںȣ
ЩʧЦͨǷ֮ǰŭˣɱҲУͬ˵֮ǰԹ˽ᡣ
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Χڶ˶Ǿ°ͣ΢ǵ˵նɱϣڴȵȶ̹ȥ˵ʲô
˵Σ΢̫ǿˡ
˼ƺڵĶų϶ɱںСţȻҶ֪պƺڵα΢ٿԿ϶ǣ֮΢һսպա
ǰŮǺˣܴȣʱСʵԱмʶͬͳŮǱȵѩӣǱǧ˵ûʸ񣿡
һʼʵס⣬ȻǱǧǵȻʸġ
ǱԸⲻ׷Ҳһ׹ǷǱˣŷƺڣǸһ΢ͷʱ϶жپڣ΢˫
ǳڵΪѹźˣΪһ档
ڵ˻ȥţ׹Ƿһɭµ뿪ȥʾķƺڵĵҲǵһʱ䷵ţϢرȥ
ڳڶˣǽ췢鴫ȥ²˽磬𾪡
޹ص˶뿪֮󣬰׽¹ݼʦͬʱ΢;ʶǾǳڵ˸֣Ƶɢˣ˿̶΢ȴûһ߸ϵļơ
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Ͼ΢֮ǰչֵ̫ǿˣʥƺųϣ˵Ҫǿ𣬽ͷȻǱ΢ɨնɱһθ΢ǰ׶Щ΢֮ǰЩԴҪ䣬ڣЩ֪ԶҲ˵ˡ
΢𾴣ԭܼ򵥣Էǰ׽µʦ𣬶׽Լҵѣô򵥡׽½΢ѡֵܣ΢Ҳͬر
һս֮󣬰׽ȾƣȻЦСӣ϶ǵʦĳ𣬰ˣлԵʶˣǴ£һΡ
˵ţº󱳵һƺ«ȻֱϷһȡյƱÿһ˶һǧѩҲÿ˵õһȻܳȻǧѩһЩϾѾˣŮӶǴҳСĽ
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þƣ΢һ䣬Ȼ۾һպÿͰ׽Ŵͣ·¼顣
֣һھͺˣ׽ȻۿǲţǰŪ΢ЦƲȵģôˣ
׽¸˵Ա߾ȵͨϾƹˣƿļһ˶һСһСڵĺȣȻҪôǱҪôһ벻һ¾ȻҡΣʵ˲á
΢֪Ϊξ棬ȷԼһںȥоŨΪԼŻᰲȻҪһʼҪôѡ
˾ƣˣͽǺѣЩҵ˵ɱƺڵĶųϣƺڱȻŭΪڣܷŹ㣬ǺܿͻӦ
΢һЦƺǼӲֻ֣ǲţ£ңȻҪն֮ѵҪͣ΢һ·ɱһΪԼģƺҪɡ
һЦãȻӢۺú֪֪˿϶һ֪ҪǿҶƺڻЩ˽⣬ƺ²˽֮һԭΪ򡣡


һǧٶʮ ҳ
𣡡΢˿ǼǵãϾһƽ˽ǰ˵ֻԼ޳ȥŻὫݵһһ΢˽ʱ޿̲žΪѾǳڣС硣
Ǳ߾֪΢룬ƺΪ򣬲ܳΪڣƺҲֻһλˣҾ˵Ѿƺչǧܻ꣬ܿչؼǧŻأԳɱƺڣλӦò棬ɼˣƺǳ۷ĸҲкüģˣѾǳ۷Ĵڣ֣
΢ͷ£ֻҪٸԼһʱ䣬ǳڣˣ΢Ҳһս֮
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΢һƽƺЩ鷳˿̲¶֮ɫҪ˵ѣ΢Ҫǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼ֪΢ϵݣ飬Ҫˣǰ鷳ٶ࣬΢Ҳκε΢ǰϰ΢һ߿
Ͱ׽¶ɢˣ޶޾ҲˣñѾľͨ;΢Ͱ׽£ɽʱλʱûеطţһҳǡ
һʲ֪ɽӻƹһɽǣ˵˴ԭһѣΪ˱ɽ֪ȥЩһһɱһǳڵĸ֣Ҳɽ
ɽӾһЩ˸ɽǣ½һЩס޼ҿɹͨˣݱ䣬Ѿӵ˵Ĵǡ
֮ȻǺã΢ǵĻΪԼǣҳǣɽһЦЩ֪ǺѣҪԸȥȥһȥ΢ͷҳǣһ˸ȥɧš
ϸһʲ֪ҳᱻһЩѹҪôȡôҪôҪ˿ȥūеʱɽӿԶסʱȴΪ΢ӻһ˭
Ȼˣ΢Ҳȴתһ룬˷˽磬Ҫһ·Ϊκˣκ¶ţΪ
һҳǡ

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һĸߴ⣬׶֮˳ҳǷϵʳһͷôû׼ãϽɹƷô𣿡
ҳһߣ˿еŭ£ЩΪѡ
ΪѸƨҳ˿򣬽˰Ůô𣿱û㣬Ϊںŵ˰£ŭˣǳǻ׶˵ɱ
ǱҳǵһҳҲ˱ӻ
һɢ˶ѣһᲢۣţȥҳǸӸŪӽҳǹںŹϽˣһУںС׶һ߳ȥһ㽫һ˻ɽ֡
˺ˣ׶һ£ǰ˺Ƭҳ촽ЩԵڵأ˿޺ǰֹ׶Ǳ߼ȭڵأԷзҳߵ˸Ƕ֡
ٸǰʱҪһǧŮӣסһ١˵ǶŮӣ϶ǹС
ƴˡ
ԣƴˣǻǧһӵδɱǼ
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ҳٹŭ˵һߣҲ侲֮ˣ֪ںŵǺںȻֻһţҲвˣǳڵĸ򣬵ȷǱӻɽᲢ۵ġ
֣ܶΪ˴룬ܶ֡ҳͲϣ˿̸Ƿ·ʮ꣬ζЩվȣҪʱ߽һĸߴˣɽӡ


һǧٶʮһ 
ҳǷֺںŵЩ߹ӥȮʱ򣬾͵͵̣
ɽҲһЩܱ߶ͽɽկһЩһĺѣƽǻҳǽʣҳ鷳̣Щɽկе˺һЩɢ˾ͻϾɽӲʱʱշЩշɢʿ˾͵ػҳǵΡ
̵ʱǾ͸ˣԷǺںŵӥȮ֮Ǵظ¶档
ЩӥȮ£µǺںŵˣҪ֪ںʮĺܿ죬еʮλǳڵ˸֣ɽһɢǿöࡣ
ȻЩɽշҲǵһʱѱ䣬ҪôͶںţҪô²ؼ߸߹ۏˮںɽӽõһЩˣҲ£ҳ̵˼ʱûκǰԮһЩɢ˸һںŵͷڣҲ̾ߣͣ
ɽӴ΢˸ϻʱ򣬸ԶͿ̣֪£иϻÿںŵһȺ߹вҳȻɽӱŭ
ҳһɽӻˣǹڵء
ӭɽˡ
ɽ˻ˣ̫ˣ¿ﹷô졣
оˣоˣ
ҳȻǼޱȣҪ֪ҳǵɽģ˵ɽӾҳǵػ
ҲһЩлɣɽȻˣֻһˣӴĺںŶԿ
Ӽɽӣ֪ԷһˣҲ˾⣬һԼĺںţȴֵʮԷֻһˣںȴһţǳʲôµģ
ЦɽӣãҲãӽ쿪ʼҳʽںţΪںŹϽ֮µĳǳأǷںΪУȥδӣԼ
Ǳɽȴɱ̧һƾ˹ȥ
ǼС飬ʸ˵ںûǣ˲𣿡
䣬ɽһȥѾӵһĳ࣬ȻǹӣԲֺ
ҳǵһҲǾʮֽʵӵԼ
ҳҲǸͷ˿̳ɽӿͷɽˣǵںţָǺã
ںʲô翴ǲ˳ˡɽӰȻ˵ǰԸںţһǺںŻûӴ۸ͷϣΪ֮ǰֻǳڣȷǺںŵĶ֡
˿̣ڵߵɽ֮ڻôУΪǳڣѾкͺںŽаʸ񣬿Ҹ˵λа׽£΢һͬ˵ģһ΢Ժɨ˴֮һˡ
һɽӵȻǵʮ㡣
ȥ׼ϯҳйǰɽӴ˿ѹûнںŷҪ֪ڲ֮ǰۿ΢һ֮նɱڡȺƺǳڵˣǵƵı˲׷ŵĹ񹬰׹Ƿƨ
ЩһѹںţһɽλһССĺںš
ֻúд΢ˣ֮ꡣ
ʱ΢׽º;Ÿϵ
ɽ֣ʲô鷳׽ʱ򿴵ǰһ޴ӡһƬѪģĲʬʵ
ûʲô˵飬ֻһЩС֮ųңһˣɽں˵޾Ѿ˺ӣʶô¡
˺ӣǲôưոݣǿưոݣɽ֣ҲԲܾôˡ޾һŭ֪ģ˽磬еķ˳жӦ˱ӻûбӻģ϶ᱻ裬˽еĶͽǲһˣһЩ˺죬ֻӣסЩвҲֻӣһһƽ
ͬдֵǴľλˣ˺Ǿ˫ݵľ档
޷ɽҲµģɽʱһν
ˣ鴫ȥɽ𣬲УʱһˣȥǸмＸ޾һ䣬˽˽Ĺأӿɲ˵˺˺ģɽһҲ˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ܿ죬ҳǾ׼һϯˣ΢ʱȴǴӾŪĹء
֮ҪӣֻѰ˱ӻһЩĳλ˻ĳţ죬˵˵ı£Ҳмܵӻ֮ףܰ˵


һǧٶʮ ˭
ϲûл⣬һĻ⣬΢Դ˽ⲻǺǧѩ֪Ҳ΢಻١
еİЩ֮ˣǰ׽£ɽӣҲЩˣ˵ҫƵͷͬһ˻һţƿصĳԽ֤࣬ǵԽǿʵԽ
Դˣ΢֮Աǣ΢ʵɣͬ²ڻŸһ㣬ûʲôʵ塣
ʱɽȻл˵û˵ڴ棬ҳһȺԲߡ
ɽȻˣںŲǣ֪ɽɱǵʹߣǻᶯŭһһǡ
ŭΣɽڣʲôһȻɽӷޱȡ
֪Щ껹кܶ˲ɽ˵ӣҳҲûҿĹ͵Уоһλǳڵˣ뵽ӻҳǣҿٿԱҳǰ֮ѣǺںţӦҲ׺;жԡһµ룬ֻ˵˵ɣ򲻿ɣģûİ㣬ҳ˭ˣɽˣ˭ӻҳ⼸겻裬ɽˣȻΪԼİΣͱɽˣֱ޳ܡ
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˫˿ЩҪһ㣬ʱϳһס졣
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һһŮӦòʲôҪĽɫ;ͲˣˣȻɽ˵ĿˣǾҪԴ
ˣ֮ǰɽ챻Ǽļһ˺ˣһһɽ˼ӳַ䡣ϳ˼䣬ϣʹˣվЩģɽӣԾ͵
ϯ֮ɽӰٺˣżϳˣȻǽһһϳˣѾٶ꣬ʵϣԷֻһ¶ɽӽɽǰϳе
뿪⼸£Ȼôǰ磬ҹȻԱӻһˡɽʱпһϳһæڵϵɽˣҳ粻ڣɽ𣬳аҲδֹɽˡ
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ʱµӣϳʱڵϣܣ֮ǰ޷ֹЩ˺ɽ죬ɽע뷨
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ϳһٴͨһ££ɽӴͷϣɽȻѾ
ɣ֪ޣ˷ɽ֮ãܽǳѾǴﵽ㣬ǿУܻǣͬǺںţǳкҲǵĶ֣ܾһʱܾһĵˣҪ㹻˲ܱӻҳǳξðɽȻһϴ֣ϿĻǼΪ͸
һ˵ϳҲеҲͲټ֡
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ϳȻ֪ˮţȺںҪö࣬ǳ۷ʮںҲ޷֮Ტۡ
֪Ϣ֮ϳֱ³ٶ꣬޳Ϊ˵ʣɽҲǼʶ㣬Ȼ֪ˮ˵ǰĺںѾɽܶԿģˮɽǶǡ
ˣ¾ǾҲ岻סԷˡϳкȻҲΡ
ɽ΢΢һЦ˭˵Ҫþ죿һ˵ҳȥұ֤ǺˮҲΡ


һǧٶʮ ں
ϳȻǾɽӵģʵ벻ף˭ǿסˮšҪ֪֪ɽЩʶ˵УֻоͷǿΪߣģֻͨɢˣʵɽӡ
˵ˮе٣ȺںСǿ̫࣬һ£ĳλҪѹôһţԲپ֪²˽統Уû
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Ҫ֪£нģСɫʵضһɽӷԸƵ죬Ȼŵ֣չɶ೤ʵϳˣڵ׽֡ҪһʼϳˣҪ֪ɽԼ죬С֮һҲúڵ׽֣ǻҵֶѡ
ϳл֣̿Ҫ֪ģֻЩڵ˸֣Ǵڵ죬˼á
ֻǶɽӵҳϣϳûжֻհᡣ
ȵҪ߸֮ЩҲɵˡ
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ϻ֪ܲҪʡϳѵ˼һ٣ȻֵҸϸϹµǮҸҼӱôæġ
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ڶֵسǽʧǵȥϳţƬ֮ϳϵǽϣֻվʮˣǺںŵĸ֣˿źںŵĴ죬˿ɱڣƺ졣
Ϊ׵һһ£һֻ۾͸ụ̋ޱȣΪǳˣ˿һ䣺ɽӣ
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Ǳˣ΢һ췣ףֻҪմȾһ㣬Խǳµ˺ɱ˵һ΢նµɽǽ˵ȺںŵʮһɱͬһȺӬΧ˽иһĹȥЩӬĳ࣬˲䣬簲ˡ
İˣҳǣˣ˿̶Ŀɿڴһš
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ͬʱҲס΢֣Ϊ꣬ǧ꣬΢֣ͽǱӻҳǵĴڡ
˵΢һµĺںŵ˾ɱȻ߻ȥİ׽¡ɽǶո΢һͽ⣬ҲǾޱȣ˵ǣǳڵ˾𣬴˿Ҳ̾硣
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ںȻʲôţ͵Ķ㲻ϣǺںҲǳڵĸ֣Ҫǣڴ˺ˮòԱ߾˵һ䣬΢νƺڶˣʲôˮʭӶ˲ҧǲ鷳΢ҲǣȻˣǾͲ⣬ˮҲһýն֮
ںŵı˵ʮ˱ҳµıӻ΢һɱϢܿʹˡ


һǧٶʮ 
ںʮСţһЩȻǲֵһᣬ˺ںһǳڵ΢ֵ֮⣬ںŵֵһᡣںϺˮĹ˺ˮһɽ֮ȻˮǴߣкܶ˶뿴ںŻʲôӦ
΢һʼ֪ˣ˿Ҳ֪˭ˣ֪΢ڵߵɽȻɨţնɱƺڳϣ֪΢Ѿպա
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ں˿Ϣ֮ɫĿ¡
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ֻû뵽ո𲽣Ȼ˸ҺǺںΪУһˣռ˺ںһ룬һԺںŵĴʵ̫󣬼ֱʵ⵱Ȼúںŭ
Ū΢ĵϸ֮˲侲
΢ȻնɱڵļʥƺڵĶųϣȵǳˣһɱڵɱȥҲǶ֣ҪһҲǾԲСںܿ뵽µֻ뷨ԼȢӣֻкˮ棬תĻᡣ
˲֪ΪˮŮĺںȴˮһţұҪȻҲȢǸģªƢ
뵽ںһеı飬һ޿֮״һȣ߽һŮӣŮȻŻ󣬵ģȴޱȣͷǣǺˮĹ
Ҫ֪ںٷ磬úˮϲ˿̼Լҷһʹ飬üͷǰ·
ںһϲȴһ۸ı˷ˣˣǲ˼ңܵ۸ܵ۸ɣͼȡ
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ˣˮŭ嶥˱ǸѿΪɲȻͺںһֻǳڵΪʵϣҪǿںġ
Ҳ΢ʲôͷȻ۸Ǿ۸ңҲ۸ˮǺչ¶Ҳ˭۸ġˮ˵꣬뷨˲䣬ֱüΪᣬźںģһʱ򵨸Ҵŭŭںŵˣһܡ
˵꣬ˮ˳ȥ룬ǱӺں֪΢ײУԷƺڣ˵е̵ģ¾ףˮ棬Ҳδ
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ɵһԨ֮أ˴һӣˮǧɣںӵ׵һУһ˲֪õĹ˿̺ˮνǹͷ֮󣬾ͼһӿ빬С
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˭ң˵ɭɭһЦԻŵĹͷҪ֪λǳѾõһ˼֣ˣѣǧ֮ǰ˵һŲǵĴڡһŵ˹ѣһɱȥɱһʣ˵ʢʱѾѾǳ۷Ĵڣ˲֪Ϊûټ˵ǵ˸˶˵Ѿˡ
˭뵽Ȼⰵˮ׵С
ȻѱǺˮĿɽˮдѣǰ߼ˮܶƢԾ˵ͽܣΪɽˮŲ΢
ˮɭɭһЦΪȻ㽲һͷˣֶе㣬Ҫҳ֣ʮ֮ڿȡ
ˮһ۾⣬æǹϥӣҲûˣԵǺ簮ˮ˿̾ס󣬶ҲЩͷˣˣΪһΣұչѾã˶ѾңǸӻţȥǸ΢ս飬Ҫһ֮󣬺Լս˶֪ý


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ˮȻϲйԼͷʲô΢ʲô£Ҫ֪ǧǰѾǳ۷ǿߣһţĴһ΢ܱġ
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˵΢˵ѣǿǴ˵еˣ겻ֶ֪ȷֶײУرû뵽˻š˼ǣԷȻԼս΢
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벻ѻţ鷳ˡû֮ǰĵ΢֪΢֪˭ѵ
̫ſɲƲ磬˵֣ʱʹ˹ۣͨ޳֮󣬴ɱķպգǧǰǳ۷ǿߣΪһС£ͽһ¶ԷҲǳ۷ǿҲκβѣӻ˼֮󼸴Ҳɱˣǵһλ˲õˣ׷ɱһӣ֮ûӰѶΪˣû뵽ȻšֻΪҪΪˣ
˵󣬾һ⣬ܿϢԭˮѵͽܣôһ˾ˡ
Էںվ̨ġ
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ҳרչصľң΢ڶԪ֮򣬿˵ǳ۷ǿҲܴŵ΢
ˣ΢ʼ˷ͫ
˷ͫͬһͷѱޣ΢ǰֻǽڣҪ併Ϊá
˷䣬΢ͷ˷ͫſа
Ļ𣡡΢ʩչֻףγɻף˷ͫһʼһһĳȥԭµ󷨽ơ
Щƣ˷ֹͫ΢ܵ䷴ɣ΢Ҫ˷ͫȻҪȥЩµĽơ
ȵнƶ֮΢ʼʽ΢˷ͫԭĻ֮ײһȻʱ˷ͫռƣеʱ΢ռƣʱֻ๥Ĺ̵ȥ


һǧٶʮ ǳ
ѳǧͻȻҳһ¾Լսðɱ΢ºʳΪڶΪע¼
ڣһ֮ڣĸʥȻЩ³çô˵ڵĸ˳ܲ΢򵥣ճ˵ȻǳΪնɱǳڣҲֲµʦҲڿ΢ĵϸҲǣƺھȻôʱҲûӦҲڵ΢ʱͻȻպÿ΢ĵ̡
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ȣѲǵˣҺϣӮ¶ûɣйǰ̽΢ǳòѽ΢ˣһ˰ˣ΢˻ã΢ɱˣǡ˿һ˿ţǵˣ΢дڵ̣ԲˣǵǣñϺȥŵǸ
˾㵣ϸҲȷ
Ҳ⣬΢һնɱ˹ѣѹڡµͷƺɲưոݣϣ״΢ƺӦڱչأ飬ˣǿǰ벽ĸ֣ȹѶҪö࣬ɱ΢ˡ˵
ǹǱǧ꣬᲻Ѿ̤ʵ
Ϊôͻƣǵˣ˴˲ѲŶЩָܻųɾ㲻ˣָͻߣƲⱲӶ봥ˡ

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޽ɽ֮ϣѩǵԺȥׯ£һʯ̳ɵĿյϣ˿ʮͬתɮϥ
µĵӣΣѾԲһ꣬һʱ紵ɹ۷ѩǶһĥ
һ֮ϣʦڵأֳ飬Ŀ
ǿҲ޷ʦһ룬һƬѣ·ĺëǧһ㡣
ȻʦƤ壬͸һĺͬͨϺһ㣬֪˶ʦѾղˮֵĵز˼ʦһӿҽĳ֮һ¡Ҫ֪ҽ֮ȣ׽ڻһ¹ʦˡڼر֮أʦ뼫ǵУЩֻҪһΣͿԽһСϪ׶ס
˼ڷֲʦ壬״ҹµǧѺ
˵²˽Уʦǵһܺ
˿̣ʦǰɿ⣬һɮɮäɮ󼪵ʦ壬Ӵʦʦ֡ɮѾʮ죬ҪʦΪʦֶʦܱ
ͷӣѾ˵΢ճȻɱӣͬʱںƺڣ˵е̣һʦˣɵ֮óȻܻҵʦƤ̧˵͸һǻۺͳȡ
ʦ˳ܲʦȥȥͷдһ˿ߡ
ͷˣһ걨ʮ걨ʲô𣬿ٹһᣬϵ˭ܵõǽûҲûκζǶ׽΢ҲˣһʧпӰ쵽ϵı֣ʱһʧۣ֮Ҫٽ֪Ҫȵʱ΢Ҳ׳֡ʦ˵꣬ǱͷӲŵͷʦ֪ˣ˵ѾҪȥԸ΢ҹǸ΢ӦǱɣֻϧǲֽնɱ
ѣߣ˵ҲǱǧ꣬ͻȻҲǳȥģ˵Ҳһǿ֣ǲμᣬҲһǿ֡ʦ˵꣬ͷӾ뿪ˡ
ͷϷһ˿
΢ɱʦֶʦܣʦΪ᲻ȥһȥڹﵹҲˣǲҲԲš뵽͵͵һأȡһöʵӡӡϴɽӡͷ뿪£֪١
ҳǣ΢ͷĵ˷ͫѾʼıŰƽȣѾǱ΢׻һɶ
̳˽һ£ջ
˷ͫˣȵ΢֮ͫ˲䣬ϢٶһͻƵǳڡ


һǧٶʮ Ƽ
Լ֮٣ҳԭƬ֮䣬죬ѾΧڶ֪ˡ
ֻƵһ޴ޱȵĺӰԼ֣׵˶֪ǹѵı壬˵ιŹ֣ۣǧɣһۣ궼ᱻո⡣
ϾǳѾõˣһڶ˱֪սһ
ǰҳǣҳǽϻž޴죬΢ɫ־ͷ·һɽӻҳǡ
һΣǹѣû˾΢Իʤֻǹ³һڡɱ΢ͷʢˣպÿ֤ѵ
Ǹ΢Ȼô죬Ǻڵ׽֣ʵЩˣ˹ѣ϶ˡ˵϶΢αɡ
ѵô˺ѯʡ
ǵȻһ֮һţ˵Ҫĺʮ΢ҲȲһѣ΢ҲЩֶΣӦòһͰܱŰɣһսеĿˡ
Ľ˲٣ȻûڵߵɽʱĶ࣬ҲٲȥĶǸ֡
ŵˣЩǺ΢йڵġ
Ȼںˮкˮ֮Ҳˡ
ǰȻǶԺˮ۰ӣˮ֮Ҳǳ۷ĸ֣˭Ǻ͹ѶϣδǶ֡
Ůζ΢Ȼйѳ֣ͲˣŮ´ú͸˵һһ΢ͷ̫˿ɾͲˡˮ֮Ȼʮֽġ
ףһ΢Ϊ壬ѳ֣ɱǻ֪Ϊ֮ǰҪһ²΢Ϊһͨһʱպýͨɣڱ˵һ΢ʮҲǱɡȻˮԹʮ㡣
쿴ƺڵĵӣʱһƺƮվһȺˣȻƺڵˡ
ƺڵӵΪҲǳ۷壬ƺĵմӣҪƺţû뵽Ҳˡ˾
ƺڵΪ͵λҲ˲һѣûˣǴƺ΢ġ˷
ƺڵӰȻվƶˣϢϯ£ǽе˶ѹ˹ȥǳ۷ǿߣƺƺӶҪһ㡣
ڴˣȻ鴫ʦˣĽ֪жðͷ
ʱԶһ𣺡ƺӣ벻ҲˣȤȤĪ΢ģ
һ޴Ʈ۽̻Իͣͬ˾Ҳվżˣһһ³ۣͷڣԺֵַˣղŵĻ˵ġ
һǴʧɫ
ԹԣŵӣȻҲˣ
ϳ˵ݣǵһʲôӣȻƺŵĵۣҪˡ
ӣƺüͷһ壬Ų޹ϵʲô֣
ﵱУȻǶӺе⡣
Ҳ˾֪֪λѾܳʱˣǶǸŵĵһӣҶһѡνǵλߣŵ
ҲΪˣǻȥǶ˶һڣϽĺŮģ׷ȻǾͳк;֣˲ŻΪˮ
ҾͲЦ˵Һ㲻ͬƺϲѹϲţ΢ҿͺܲȻ֮ǰܾŵŶԸ񣬱Ͼƺһλնɱɲ˭ġһ仰ʹƺӵߡ
ϾƺڵӣûеŭЦ΢һ΢ͽչ͵ڹѵǿ֪ҲҶһ
һ㶣û˵ƺӱһöת񵤹΢ʮ֮ھͻᱻնɱӣȻ΢ɸҶģȻң͹ȥͷ¶˰ˡ
漸仰Ѿ˵ǻҩζʮ㣬ȫˡ
£ܺˣ֪΢Ϲʤ㼫СҲûӣֻӲͷƤƺӣΪ˶ǰ㵨С£ľͶģڤ彣Ĺʮ֮ڣɱ΢
ȻӻǸԼһ֣û˵΢ӮֻǶʮвƺЦһã㣬ҿ΢˵ʮУܶѾ漣ӣ䶨ˡ
ƣҧгݡ


һǧٶʮ 
Լģʵڶ̿ͿˣһѵõĻᣬȻ˷ŹȻ΢̫֮࣬ࡣ
˿̣ƵǾ޴ӰҲڻΣܿ죬һձŶȻһĹֳΣǰ
Ǹ߸ϵǳ۷ǿߣĶ֮һиֵһᣬȥҲֻƶ֮ϵƺӣ֮ϵӣԼһЩŵʸһۡ
λþòˣ֪ǲǵҰɭɭ˵㡣
ںһЩ˵ЩΪһҲЩ飬ԻҪкġ
ӺƺӣǺ˸֣Ҳֻǵͷʾѡ
գ۸ӵͽ˾ǿң˽һγԹ΢ɡ
һ䣬壬ֱܵ˼㡣
ʱҳдһ
ʲô룡
һǳ⣬һ׹ҳдһ׹ͨѩףྻ쵽£ӺƺΪҲֻǿһ⣬ͼѲҽһʮɡ
Уһ׺ۣڣһЩμʶ̾ɽ췣ף΢ûϴڵߵɽõľ췣׵ĴС
һǽѴĺʮɣֶεȷ΢ôʢȻˢӵġ
пŵղһףֻͨжɷӺƺУǾͲһˡ
޸ߵͣǿ
ͬͬʩչЧǽȻͬģ췣ûҲܽѴӣֻ˵ʩչ׵˺
һƺӶһ㵣ֻ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ҫ˵ڳ֮ˣ󲿷ֶҪ΢ùģҲֻĲϣ΢Ӯ˿΢չֳǿʵûһ׾ͽѴˣǲ˵΢ҪȹҪǿ
Ȼֻһ²⣬ҲñΪԼɵ˷ܲѡ
ˣŹİ׹Ƿ˴˿̵ɴ۾һŵҪ΢ȥˣԴ˿ҲΪ𾪡
Ǳߡһ۵ˣ뷢ƮȻе⣬˿ָ̼ҳǱ߳ˣо𣬰׽£ɽӣ޾һǳֳһ׽ƮȻ
΢ɱǳľ׹Ƿ˼ˣ˵
û˵ó΢ѾǳڵΪ˵ȻԶԿѵĵزɶԷȷһͽѻˣ֮ǰնɱƺڵĶųϡ
ͻȻʵˣҼǵ˵΢ֻǳڣôڳɺˣ
׹ǷҲɵˣȻû뵽΢ȻôͻһһʱҲ֪˵
ͬ𾪵Ļ֮ǰڵߵɽ΢ˣȻ벻΢Ȼͻƾˡ
ٶҲ̫һЩ
û΢ģͫһ˱΢Ȼͬ졣

ʱǱ߹ѷһŭȷŭˣҪ֪ǳ۷ĴڣΪλߣû뵽һͱԷһ״ˣǰʧӣưոݡ
˿ĵһСҪȻ̧ץ΢
˲䣬ϳȦ޴ĺ֣Զȥͷ·ͷ΢ʵϣһɽƽǳصĹ֡
һͷƤ飬ѵֶҲ̫ˣǸоðͷҲоˣͨ˸ǲʣһͬĩս٣جһ㡣
΢һĻ˿壬ҡͷС֮
˵̧꣬һץʱ׺췣ƾճ֣һִ߶ڶԪ񾵣Ͻʢ
һ̣΢װ񾵵Уͷ·Ǿˮһ㡣
ףϷ⣬һΣ֮Ƴһħ
ȷͬǳ۷Ҳδֵܵɵǣ΢񾵺ףרֶǶԷĿǡ
¾ͼ׽裬Щȿռٻĺɫ־ͬĻѩһ㣬ǿʼЦݣֵסƬ֮Ͱ
ԭˣǿ΢ֶβǺȻ⣬ףֱǹĿǣȤˡӿд󶨣˽УҲ΢վϷ磬۹ʲôֶΣ΢֮ȫ߽⣬ɾ


һǧʮ նɱ
Ѷˡ
û뵽ԼȻһСѹŴ򣬼ֱдʲô΢֮¶Է˵壬ϴèСܣҲǶ֡
һĻ֪Լˣ붯þУǲˣ̫Ҳϣ˲¶
һīεĹ¶ڹϣ˳ʮ۾дСмɳСҲСʮŹֵ۾ţǸоŤˡ
ǱŤ۾ϻźǿа
СģѾƾۣһǳ۷ɱ˵ѹ˲佫ѹ顣æһ䡣˿̣ΧҲܵѹͷ·˫Źˮһ㣬ѣǱѹһɽʱ޿̲ϵֿѹܱվ
⻹ֻ֪Ща۶ŵ΢˿̳ܵѹж
΢üͷһ壬оΧ˲ʮٱˣ˿ǶãֻܵҪôǱӵѹ顣
΢֮ǿ˶ҪǿϺܶ࣬ǿ΢ҲӦվǸ鷳
΢Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֶι죬ȥָԷҪʲôֶΣʱֳ׽׹ҫ񷣬̽صף˲佫עףͬҹյеһգڰϵѹҲɢ١
аǿܱȵù⣬ף𣡡΢񽣣Ϊ΢ǰն׽ʱͻȻ΢һ⣬ʧ١
ͬʱǱ߱һ׹⣬һ޴а۴ϵ±ն
ѵĲҽ𣬵лһ˿ź;֡
ܣôѵа֮·ѵаͨģ򣬿Խǳ۷ǿ߻ѹ΢ôܲӰ죿һĻĺˮе޵еĴڣɴ˿̣ȻǱ΢նϹһֻаۡ
˲䣬ðһֲͷѵҪ䣿
ͬ𾪵Ļ׹Ƿ˵ˣһһֻа۱΢նϹ
Ȼޱȣû뵽ԼõƾȻҲɱ΢Ǳ΢նֻ۾
ϵĹаԴڣϹһһǶնҲͱɡֻ¹Ѿ΢û취΢ӰֻжϳԷٶȼ죬ٶȿ쵽£ͬʧһ㡣
΢һ֣ǰףնɱаۡ
ֻа۱նϹѾǾޱȣ°һ񷵱ŨܵУȻҪߡ
΢ҲĿɿڴһ뵽ƺӵĶԼһЦƺӣǶ˶ѾʮУˡ
Զƶ֮ϵƺɫ࣬һԲ
˴˿̶֮ϣƶˡ
Կһ޴ޱȵĺӰŤÿһҫ׹Ӻ֣ᴫѵһҽС
ںѾŵĻҡҡ׹
ˮ֮ɫҰףŸβȣ˴˿̶ܿףѵв΢ϾҪ䡣
ںˮªһţ߶߶ţһӮһӮ
ʱдѵ
΢ԭˮˮ֮ᣬ֣ͣ뿪ٲ㣬Σ
΢ȴ㵱˭أ
һӾ޴ըһ£ֱն俪һ㣬޴ĺƾȻм䱻һһ·ֿѵĲҽҲȻֹ
ڶ˶䶼ںٿɢһɫ׹Ӱֳ񽣣ǹǶĤݡ
΢ȴѵӰɻѾףǷֳʤһ̣ԶһβʬȻʮһɽ֮ϣǹѵʬ塣
ϹѾĲ
ѵʬ壬˶֪΢Ӯˣ΢ȻɱѸնɱˡ
Щ΢ˣһǻ̿ޱȣ촽£һ仰û˵Ӧ죬Ѿǰ΢ˣ֮ǰЩͻˣ˿ˡڵĲ֮׹ǣ˵Ǹ
ǰ׹ǷѾŵѪɫײײȻͨһڵϣҲ֪˵Щʲô
һĻ֪һս΢ͷǳ״ˣ΢ԺЩƽƽĴˡ
ǳ۷ɱãӦ˵΢˵һ仰
޿ƥУ


һǧʮһ ͵Ϯ
ǰϴͷʾʥԼȡ޹ءҲһű鸴ӵİŮ΢ϲҲ΢
ûӲͷѱǶҪǿ΢նɱѣλǿߣ˵žͱˡ
ǲòͷ
أ΢Ͻ飬һЩܹҲлл΢ǳһ
һ̿ʼ˸С΢նɱѣѾǿȡԷĵλһ֮ڡ
Ǻεҫ֮£
ҳУҲĿɿڴпǧ
˵ͨͽǽһ˲õֵܡ˵꣬׽ǲлع
ԭǰһֱ΢ӦȻ֪΢ոͻǳڣǿǳ۷ĴڣҳѾãһڵš
˭뵽ʢʢĹѣȻ΢ɱķնɱ׽֮ˣֻ΢ˣȻɽӵļ£˰ɣҳ΢ӻӦ˸ˡ
ɽΪȻĵͷ
ղſΧ˵УвپǰҳǴˣ֮ǰЩ˸Լӣ˿΢ǰһԺǱȻɧҳǡ
뵽ɽ˿
ųͷ΢죬пԼһ£һԼҲˣ΢ӻֻҪΰҳǱ̫ƽ΢Ϊٶ֮죬Ѿնɱѣڣ˵ٹһʱգ΢ѹڣܴ֮
һ뵽ɽӶǸоЩ١
ˣǿɼĴڣ²˽統У֪жʲܳһؿɾģָ
²˽磬ֻҪˣһһڣҪôڣ߸ϡ
ǰɽżԼпǸ磬ʱ䳤ˣ֪޳ǳ۷壬ҪһҲѱȵ죬΢ճǿһ˿ϣ
˵΢лᴥɽԱ߰׽£޾һͷȻʮͬⷬ
֮ϣƺɫΪѿôҲû뵽ѻ˿죬û뵽΢
˷ǴһԸ΢ȴԥ
΢ѶɱԼҲδܶԸ
෴Ӵ˿ʮֵ⣬Ȼ΢ˣֻԽѹƺһ
ʱͻ
ȿֺ΢ʾãʱһŶͻȻ֣ȡһӡݺӡ΢󱳡
һ³ּΪͻȻӡ֮ǿ˲һɲ֮ͽΧļ˻һأԶһҲǲҽһѪˡ
֪ǱӡನˣǱӡŵ΢ܺõˡһ죬΢˱ӡΧɷΧڣݣ̳졣
һĻ˶ͷһȻ͵Ϯ΢ʱյļΪ÷ǿ΢ҲӦԳܡ
ٿ͵Ϯ֮ˣ˿ժ¶¶ĿµͷӣֳӡЦ΢΢ȻҪɱʦֶʦܣ㱨ˡ
µͷӣ
ԭͷŵķʲôΪ
֪µҲǾߴ󷨱֮һӡ˵ϲ˽һλڵƶɣ͸ѹˣ벻ȻǱͷ͵Ϯ΢
΢ˣӡǾ֮һ˵ǳڣ¾ǳ۷壬̤ˣҲֵסͷҲգ涷Ȼڱ󰵼ˡ
꣬ͷӴرʲôöǧǡ
ڶ˾ޱȣСۣһĻ˶һϲͷϣƺӸǹЦ
Ц̳֮£˵˭ң
򵥵֣·˲ס˵ĺɲ֮䣬Χšԭ׼ȥİ׽µҲסˣͷӸһ㣬˿̴̳߳һˡ
΢
΢ϵ׹⣬·ɣûκ覴ãû˺ۣȻǺ
ܣⲻܡͷǷ˻ߵļУʵڲţ˱ӡУȻ԰Ȼ
Ҫ֪ǰۼʦӡһڵ˴Ѫˣ΢ԶôܰȻ


һǧʮ պ
ͷ벻ͨиǾ£ˡ
һӡɱĴڣӦģ
뵽һ֮ͷӵҲ˵̾ӣȻǴ֮ٶ㣬Ȼ΢뿪
ңܣ𣡡΢һ䣬һһ׹˸ɲʱ׷ϾޱȵͷӣȻ䣬ͷӴͷնΡ
Ѷס׽ͷȻҲסˣ֮ǰ۾ﶼǾֺͲš
ľӡȻҲǵ΢
ղͷ͵Ϯ΢΢ǿȥ෴΢Ҳǳ˲СĿǽͷ΢õڶԪ֮򣬵ӡųɵɱ΢ǲҲˡ
Ȼӡ΢Ҫúоһ˵ԳΪԼɱﵣⶫ˭ģ΢ġ
Լġ
֮ǰã˿ӡ΢һ㶣Ϊ⿴ͨʵϼ򵥣ֱɽһأ֮£쾳ˣҲδ
һΪǳˣҲòΪء
̽һ΢̷ӡаԿ϶ǸղǸ͵ϮԼûб½ӡȫͷųԼҲᱻӡ
Ȼⶫôã΢ȻԼ˭Ҫ΢黹ġ
նɱͷӵȡӡһǳɣֻɲ֮ˣΧĿɿڴ΢Ǿη
ԭ¶ϲҲʧµͷг𺳾𺳡
ղ͵Ϯ֮ǿǾµͷӣǿӴʦʦ֣ȻֻǳΪһղҲǿŵǰĴڣôһǿΪ˾ȻǱ΢һնɱµ΢ȷɱԺԲǡ
ʱյУƶ֮ϵƺڵ۾һǴƺڵӷ΢΢ӡƺӵݸŵ֮ǰɱųϵһʹƺڲ鷳
һǴһ벻ƺӾȻƺ΢ոյõֵӡ
΢̧ͷ˿ƺӣмƾҲв΢ƺնŵĺһҲֺҪԱɵΣɺҽ֮û飬ȥɣö
΢ȰƺȻ˵еżڣΪѴǳ۷壬΢Էѣ΢ҿɱãҪɱƺӣҲʲô
ƺɱӿ֣û뵽΢Ȼ˲ӣ붯֣뵽΢ոնɱ˹ѣӡڶԷϣԷӣһƺӻûаնԸ΢
ǰҲֻôһ֣Ķײ֪
뵽ƺ΢ÿҪƺΪУҪƲԳԷơ
΢Է롣
ƺӵ̧ȭʹ΢ѰƺӲͬƺڵǽϻķƺ޵ģƺھѧճЩ˲ȭ棬Ƹʤ
ȭ飬ȻǴ֮һȭɱǳˡ
ֻǿϧ΢
΢һ·ʣǻԵ΢̤ɵʱɵ𿴵ʱۣ޳֮ɵ΢ĺôǾͻ̫ˣǳͱȱҪϺܶ࣬ڼ΢еؾŶףԴǣԪκһ֣Գƺӵĵ̡
ƺ΢ĵ֡
΢һȭЯ쾢ȻֱӽƺӵȭƳɢ⻹㣬ǽƺӴʮ
ò˵ƺΪ΢һȭҲֻǺʮгԿһȭҲǽˡ
ƺȻŭɵû֮ǰ΢նɱѵһĻҪ΢ƴɱһ΢ܽնɱ˵ԷɱԼ΢ճ֮ΪѹûƺִڵĴڣǼˣԷɱˡ
ΪԼƺҲ̡
ŭЦãð΢֣շ
˵꣬ҧźתߡ
ƺڵ뿪һĻ֪΢ƺڹǲٵˣ΢ƺӣһγֵģ¾λˡ
ӿƺӣ˿̼΢˶ԷһȭǱˣ͵úã΢㻹֣һ䣬ƺӴرС룬϶ŻҪ㣬ĵ㡣
΢ЦЦΪȻһҲ˵ͬ뿪
Ҫ龡ţʣӽտʼ΢˲֪˲պˡ


һǧʮ ӡ
ڶ֪΢ǳ׵ƺڣµʦҲưոݣҲҴ뿪һ˾ߵһɶ
΢صҳǣӭ˴žη𾴵ɫǾ𣬴˿ҲǶ΢ͷΪģ΢ΪԵõǵ𾴡
ҳڶෲˣϳˣǹӭӣʵ΢ոմǴĵﾴη
΢˶ԼӡǾ𣬸Ǵһհɫ֪ʶ㣬ʵӡк֮
΢ʣ΢˵˵ǵˣı˵ϲ˽һλĴƣ˵֣˵λѾ쾳һֱӡǴڣ֮ɱ˵ֻû뵽ͨȻ𡣡
΢һЦոǺʵ΢ոһ㱻ӡѣ΢ֶζ࣬ӡϰ˾ųɵȻʱпܱԷһ´
ղ͵Ϯ֮µͷӣµλͣӦǴӡ𣬿ϧ͹öЦ
ȻǺö
΢Ѿ˽ӡԼһɱﵵͷ΢˵񽣵ȷԵޱȣⲢ޵У˵һЩͨԿףһһӡ΢ĵƾͶһĲ˵΢ʩչͷ֮ϵġ
΢ǻصӡ
ɣǶǳ۷壬ڵˣ΢Ҳˡ
΢չӡ΢֮ѾȻ󲨡
˵ǰ΢ʢνȼҲֻһЩɢ˽гˣһЩŵˣǶ΢ϣ֮Աǡһβһ΢նɱǹѣ̫ſһˣһһŵ飬΢ܽնɱʵ϶ǱҪߺܶࡣ
µͷþ֮һӡ͵Ϯ΢Ȼûн΢󷴱΢նɱӡϢҲǴɡ
˵΢ǿȣѾʦ˿Աȼڵ˸֡
ԭƲ΢΢΢֮ԱǵˣƿԣٲҶ˵֮ʣ±΢ɱ
ȥ֮ţµǱ׼ٳȥǡҲһôǾ΢дԣ˵Ǳ⽫ԼŮ޸΢ɴ£΢һȡ
Ҫ֪˿£΢ȹҲܴţһԾΪڡ
ڣϢʦҲ޷һ´ĵط𣬽µķ顣
΢С̫
Ҳܹʦʧֻ̬ͷˣҲˣӡˣǾͲһˡ
ӡ֮˵ʦҲΪʧһΣʦҲûˣɫɱ˵Ҫȥҳ΢ˣֻӡ
ܿ죬侲۷
ӡȷҪһҪ飬Ǿᡣ
еʣ۰꣬ǧ꣬꣬ͻƵĿܣеûǵʣֻҪԼʱ䣬ͻƣΨһһᡣ
ϵõǰΣɵõ֮õ֮֮󣬶ʱͻĿԻ
һΣΪˣʦѾ׼̫ãһΪʱȥ΢ƱػһսӮʦܶ
Ͽ˵ʤĹؼնɱ΢ӡʧȥ֮ҲС
һһֿܣһԼ΢Ķ֣Ǹ鷳
Ҫ֪΢ѶնɱԼΪ͹Ҳֻ޼λ治ܳ嶯¡
侲ʦһǾǵȴᣬֻҪܽͻƵԿȥ΢նɱ
ΪյķӣӡҲżӡƣʦԼǰȫٿأ͸΢һʱ䣬ܽӡ
˵ףҲֻǽӡʱĴ΢ѡ
뵽ʦʵȵʱһˣȡ֮Ȼնɱ΢
ƺڣҲڱչͬҲ׼ƺӴϢʮֲ죬Ǹ΢Ȼܽѻܡ
նɱǳ۷壬˵΢ҲǿȴڵĴڣ޷ңһʱգ֮󣬲ƺڣиĳȥ鷳ʱ΢ɡʮ㡣


һǧʮ Ϣ
΢ӡĹ̲˳ͬʦһչҲûУҲûг֣΢Ͼңաڶ֮طӡϵƣܽ⿪ģ΢ͽ⣬ⲻģֱȻҪһЩ򣬵ܹܽӡƿء
΢Ϊ²ưոݣƺҲ϶Լ鷳ǣûУһû
һ¹ȥ¹ȥ¹ȥ
΢ӡѾɣûеȵţ΢벻ף˵ʵ΢ᣬ»ƺŪôӿٶȣ㲽
ҼȻ΢Ҳûӡ
ʣһԿΪķţһصؾŶһҲǢֻҪһǢ΢ؾŶȫˣ΢Ĺ㣬һǢΪڵǳڣֱͻƵǳ۷塣
һϾ˵Ҳֻһ
ʵӣ΢ͨĶӦѾ֪ǢλãͬǢҲ²˽磬ȻԶ΢ĸӦ
֮ǰи鵢飬μȻû鷳΢һǢ
ӱչؾ֮ڳ΢˶ڣʱգͰ׽Ҳ鷳û뿪ҳǹʮְƽƺûҲû
ȵ΢ѯǵʱ򣬳˾뵽һֿ֮⣬˻治֪
ˣ²˽統ܸߣȻѶ࣬ʶͶ࣬˿΢Ҵ֪ºƺûκηӦˡ
ʦΪΣ˵˵׽µͺޱȣҪ̽һ˵׽£ɽӣ޾Ҳһ
ϲӦΪԵʡ
᣿һ㶣ȻֺİˣͲ˵΢ˣͷһ˵
Ѿ˳ڶ˭˲֪˭˲µʦƺڵ˶ҪԸˣԶ֡ڣ˵£ֻһʦƺڣȻһλˣ˵λڱչأѰ֮ܳ˾ˣͬҲֻǳ۷Ϊʦ϶Ҫ׼μӼºᣬʱ͵˵˵ˡᣬһΣֻǳ۷˲μӣභԳǰ֣Եõϲ˽Žµ֮֮Ǿ׶ˣе˺֮ͿԽˣΪˣʦ˶ûΪʼҪҪ
΢⻰Ҳͷһ
ᣬ֮
Լõ֮ǽٶȿҪӿܶˣ΢˽һ·նɱһ·⼸ͻƾ磬дԵģɴԵϾ࣬΢һǢͰܽҲðʱ䣬ʱʵϲɶ΢˵̫ˡ
΢ϵݣɳɣԼѶһͿһ֪ݵ
ԼȻžٰһεᣬ΢϶ûɲμӡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰǳ۷塣
΢ϸѯʣ˽˸͸ε̲³΢˼
ˣĪǴμ᣿һ䡣
΢˵ͷûбҪ
ǣҪμᣬǳ۷ſԡ˵һ䣬΢һЦĸ£ͻǳ۷壬㹻ˡ
һЦ˱ˣ𣬲֪Ѷ£ǳڣҪǳ۷壬ٻðʮ꣬΢Ȼ˵ĸ㹻⻰ñֻǴ󻰡
⻰΢˵ģǾͲǴ󻰣΢ʱ䲻ϴ漣Ҫ˵ĸ֮ڽǳ۷壬пʵ֡
΢Ȼ֪ϢǾ͸ҪһǢֻǢĸڽǳ۷塣
֪Σ΢ҪμᣬҪڽĸڽǳ۷ϢȻ˳ȥһʮʮ٣Ϣ˶Ŀɿڴ˵΢˵󻰣Ȼš
Ͼ΢˵Žǳڣһƺӣţһ֮ʦָǳ۷徳磬ҲҪʮ꣬ʮꡣ
ô΢ƾʲô˵ĸͻƣ
Դ̫Դˡ˸΢ۣ߿˵΢ĸͻƵǳ۷ͳʺ֮ຣڣŵ٣ŵĶࡣ˶̿ڶţëഫʦϢЦ˵΢Ὣ΢նɱӡ˸˵Ҫ΢ϵڹϴ
֮
˿΢ЩԣѾ뿪ҳǣ֮


һǧʮ ֯
ǢϢ֮֮΢ҲӰ׽£֪˲٣֮һ˽ء
Ϊģҿ֮ϾͿ֪֮Ŀֲޱ޼ʣиֲֿ֣ÿһΪ˵Ĵڣ;޴еĸǧɣſ̵Ĵڡ
Σգ΢ҲҪȥǢһ
鶦ľ飬΢ǢҲԵ޹ܵ²˽֮ģʮа˾ҲǱĳֶģͬߵɽеԴһҾǻ˵֮½ϵˣִ򣬾֮ǰĵطʥΪ֮ȴĵ̡
˽ΪǿԾ΢Ҳսǰ㣬֮һ
Ƕ֮Ҳֻǿа˻΢йȥһ·죬죬Ѿǽ֮
΢·ǢϢõ·꣬ҾԽָӦ֮Խԣ΢ҲСͰ׽ǲţ֮ȷΣ⼸΢;ֺڻɱ
ͬʱǰ΢ۿһֻǧɴСľ޴һֻͬ޴ľ㲫ɱ
Ȼﶯ˿ǳȫɱĺˮܲɸߵĺХա
ֳ棬΢Ӧô΢һֻһֻǧɳͬһ͵ĺ߶ǲŽоĶǡ
ÿһǳ۷ʵȻҪ΢ϣҲӮ٣΢֪֮Զ˿һﶷһ﷢ԼԿӣ뿪ñսš
΢ܸоһЩطгԽǳ۷ϢڣЩϢںȻѲżǻᱻ΢Ӧ
νںӱվвʪЬһΣ΢㱻һַֻ֣Էһ·׷ɱ΢Ƽ΢΢ͣ½⺣նɱ
׽£ǳڵĺ΢ǰҲ᲻
ֻһ΢ҲͱѣǺֲʬ£浱Уðͬ庣֣һ΢
Щֿɿһ˪ޱȣԸʮ΢û⣬Ը٣ǾֻжԶܶԶҲҺ΢ڶԪһɻ⣬룬ȻɱˣԻᱻЩΧɱ
һξ΢ǸСģ뿪һƬΣյĺ
ʵ΢ͨһƬ²˽缸֮һһҲ̤㣬ֻƵУ΢ֻ˳ǢϢֱߣԲŻᴩһΣ֮ء֪ȻĿɿڴΪȻܴһƬġ
˿̣΢Ѿ֮տһҾ޴ޱȵľɣҲжʮɣվŲˣ΢֮¿
λˣμӶ񺣻ģ
΢һȻʲôҲǵ˵ͷ̫ãҪһطϢһ£һ·ټòôһ󴬣΢ȻҪһϢһ¡
˿΢ͷҲû룬ʵ½ǰ£Ȼǽ΢Щһ
ܿ죬΢ͱޱȵļװϡ
ͷװ弫ΪأٳߣľĴ죬Ӳ˵վˣﶷɱӦҲԡ
΢ֻôһ룬û뵽Ҵ󴬣ɱġ
λΪ˲μӶ񺣻ᣬҲӦ֪Ҵ԰׽У˭ﵷңعأ³Ҷ˵ҾͲ˵ˣҶӦ֪ӮͿԼ˵ı¡һһޱȵ߳˼䣬Ȼ̧һУǰ޴ļװֿȻһһȻǳһֱʮɵĸ񶷳
񶷳ļаϰһʯȻǼӲޱȣȫɱҲذ塣
ɼˣҲԿĥͻۣȻѾɱ
΢ˣһĳĵϳǶ֮˭˭ӮҪôǼӮ䣬ĵһֺʯ
΢֪ʲôǺʯóΪ϶ûеģֻվȺпֻ֣ϢϢˣ΢ߡ
ʱ㿴м˱˩ţͬһ˳һڡ
ȻǶǾЩūһˡ
ʱ΢ͫһΪЩ˵пһˣһû뵽ˡ
֯ˡ
ǸսΪ޲춴ķѪˣҲǾŶɵѣ˿̾Ȼͷ棬˩ϳһĻ΢ŭա


һǧʮ Ҵ
֯ǵŶɵѣʱŶ۹ߣ۵ָ֯˱һʱŶɲǺͶԷĪ棬ͬ֯˵Ʒ
ôһϺˣ˿̾Ȼ˵ūһʹ΢ܲŭ
ǵãԼɹȥ֮󣬿֯˱һ޴԰֮ץߵһĻʱսգҲǱ԰ָ֮ץһΪһ
ĪҴˣǸ԰֣֮
ʱ΢Լһ㱻԰ָ֮ץߣǺһӡǣҵʱ΢ڶ֮⣬Ȼ˭֪ᷢʲô
˿̼֯ˣ΢ȻӲ֮ǰŪ״
ǱѡūڽǶɱעһЦѡūɱ˩ŲӣȻ󵽳ɱ
ūΪˣȴǼΪտ΢һۿԷһһдеģ뵽ǲ԰֣֮΢Щ˶ǱСץġ
ܿ죬һͱ򵹣ʤȻɱ֣˻ȥһ˵ɱ
ɱ
˽ԵЩԥʱǸԭѾڵϱ򵹵ūͻȻ֣֪ȡһźذףֱӴʤߵĺģһʤߵ
ԭʤһʵеض֮ǰʧ߳Ӯҡ
Χ˶ʱȻǶˣǿ͵ϮΪʤ˿˿ŵʬ壬һ仰û˵ʵʵ߻
ʱͻȻ޳ܣ
˵ģ֯ˣ΢֪ͷ಻ɳӣϲ·ƽ飬˿һ֯˵Ҿ͵ǹأܻڣҲΪɱ˱ˣʲô𣿡
һ£֯΢Ҳǿһ˵ˣЩͣ˵ΪֶΣǺǿ
һǶ֮һ֯ˣֻƺֱˣλ˺޶
Ȼ֯˺ūޣһͷ峤ɵı֩룬֩ðź˵ĺֻǼ֩ĵطѾǽһ΢ܸӦǺɱˡ
֯˺ūϵϣӾҪ⺮֩ɱڴ֮ǰһעһΣ΢ʯӣһֲľʯ󲿷ֶǿӿݣ̺ǿ΢⺣ʯͬսʯһĶ
ȻⶫʯҪö࣬ҲϡٵĶ࣬ܶ˶ֻóĺʯսˣһޣﶼгɰǧʯ
עߵ΢ǰѺ˻ޣ΢ôԷһΣҲ΢Ծƣ̾мΧ˹ϴˣǶй۲ͷһβעѾǶ΢λ£̲顣
ɵǣ΢ŭ֯£׼Ҫˣǹ£ֻ΢ֶĸһ㡣
һҪץ΢Ϊǳڣһץſռ֮Χʮɵ򶼱̽
̶ֳֻȵס΢΢һ䣬ԷסãȻһѾǵǶ޳ϡ
֯˵ūѾǾˣһǶԸľȻֺ֩룬Щū֪⺮֩ɱˣȥɱԽһ֣ǱɣĽ
֯ǰô죿һʵž֮ɫ
Ȼ֯ūʱָø⡣
ȫΪɣ֯ȻҲûףܺ;ŶɳΪҲ˵տ¾ﲻһƾҲܺһĴһ˿⺮֩룬Ҳûʲô
ⶫãմãҾ󲿷Ч֮ǰ֯⺮֩룬൱ĸһһɱʱЩֶѾƴȫκβ⺮֩룬ֻ޶
ʱͻȻһ˳֯ǰ档
ˣ֯һ㶣ֻоԷϢЩϤȴǼΪİʱǺ֩ͻȻ˹֮ѩƮЩѩϴźһҲǻ̱ɱ
Сģ
֯˲֪ʲô·һ䡣
ȴ˿Ǻ֩룬̧һһʮ׽ն֩뱻նķ飬Ǳǿһɨա
ɱ
Χ˿Ŀɿڴ֯ҲŴͣһ仰˵̫ǿˣǺ֩Ȼʲôرޣɱ߰˸˲ڻ£˿ȴǱһն
ʱϵ˶Ӧ̾Ҫּ̧һȭݺڽµļװϡ
ȭ
䣡
ȭֱӹᴩһҴ󴬣֮佫󴬴ķѡ


һǧʮ ԰׽
֯ȻΪūʶ㣬һ۾Ϳ΢õĲ˽似սŵȭֻҪǿöࡣ
ѿڶ£ŵλ𣿡
΢ҡͷŵ似ҲȭѧӦ
ﵱУƲŵ˼˵꣬΢ٽһն㽫֯˵նϣ֯ͫһҪ֪Ӳޱȣ֮ǰ෨ţŪϣû뵽ǰ
˿̴Ѿ΢飬ʼ³ΧҲһţҪ֪Ȼɣ֮
Ϊ֮
һ⺣·ΪҲŵ䵽ϣһϣ̾ͻᱻ˺顣
Ժܶ˶΢鷳ǻľ壬ǵ֮ûУҪ뺣С
λɷҲȳ֯Ѿ΢ĻﵱУ΢Ҳս磬ֵǵУмλҲսˣʩԮ֡
΢һ룬ȼҲʲô£׽ն׹⣬ūϵȫ飬Щū΢ۼǻ֪΢˭Ȼǽ΢ǵĹǡ
˿΢ռݵһ鸡ľЩ⣬˭΢һȥնɱ˼֮Ҳû˸ҿ΢ɱ
ڱ΢նɱǳ˸֮Ǿ֪΢֣жԶԶҲ˷ųݻ˭㶼ˣǲ԰׽̣֮졣
شģһ췣ףֱӽǳڵ˻һû˸Ҷ˵
΢˿̷ӵ쾡¡
λ֮Ϊ΢ū˿ǰݵ˵̧ףҲףֻܸ΢ףȴǿɱˣǲ
ס棬΢ſ֯ˣԷûϳԼЦ֯ϵܣ
֯һ㶡
Ҫ֪ս磬ı֮ߣ˼Էս磬ǻ˭
ܳԼΪϵܵģָ
ʱٽ֮ǰϤϢ֯۾һŲŵ˷ܣǰһ㡭ǾŶ֣
΢ͷ֯ǰѽһǰݵ
΢æǧδ֯˼ѣǧĵУҲԱ򶨡
Ŷ֣˵ɣңû뵽תɣʵǺã̫ˡ֯˵һ䣬ο΢óȷǸˣɣǽ⣬Щһһ΢Ȼһɵۣ֯Ҳһ
벻Щ귢ô飬Ŷ֣ν˽ģ֯ʵ
˵֯ϵܣץĲ԰֣֮ʲô·΢ʱʵ֯һһȻΪ΢֪ԼǱ԰֮ץߵģȻ֪΢޳ɹȥۣרʩչĹ
ᵽ԰֣֮˵֯ˣ⼸ū˿̶¶˾֮ɫ
ǲ԰׽ҲһƬİˣ˵Ѿǰ벽Ŷ֣ǣĴǲ԰׽Ȼưոݡ֯ʱһ䡣
΢ЦЦӦǢϢǰ棬˵ǲ԰׽ƵԼǢʮа˾žǲ԰׽Ȼˣû֯һ磬΢ҲҪȥҶԷ鷳
벽ǾͻֻҪ΢ܶԸҾ΢Ҳδؾ¡
⼸ūҲҽܣսˣ⼸ūǲ԰׽Сץʿ
ʱ΢Ҳ֪ս˽˵ֻڶСеһ
ǲ԰׽ץģǸСʿеĶ֣ôҪΪ˻ȡСе͵ͳ˵԰׽ѧʮ˽ʦͨ󡣡ʱһʿ˵꣬ͻȻʲôɫһ䡣
˲΢Ҳ̧һ״ֱӽ֯Уо֮˲Կ֯һΪŹֶصķӡ׵ĺɱ֮£ɢ١ūûôõˣҲ΢ȣͬʱЩūðһӡȻըЩūըǷǡ֯һҲͷͷƤ飬ո΢Զ׻ڵķӡ˿ҲЩūʿһըһࡣ
˿̣ϵĲʬͻȻһʼŤ㼯һ޴Ѫץ΢


һǧʮ һ·ǿɱ
޴Ѫһ֮ץ΢һĻ֯ɫ䣬΢ȴǺ޾ɫ̧һնȥ֮˲佫޴Ѫ֮˺顣
ãסˣҴϣ
һ֮ŭ
΢Ц̧һ㣬ͼУ׼ϵ˸ɸɾ˲䣬ʧ١
Сѣֵһᡣ΢ʲô԰׽⣬ԷǿҲǿΪϣ΢ûзˡ
Ȼ΢֪ԼǳɹļŭǸ԰׽ԷȻж΢ҪģǼǢڣǢ
֯ϵܣҪȥѰһǶʮа˾žڲ԰׽˵ûᾭһս㲻аϣһ΢ʱ˵
֯ȻΪǰҪܶ࣬˿Ҳ쾳ĳ̶ȣ˻ǲ̫࣬һǳڵˣɱ֯ˡ
һˣ΢û
֯Ҳ֪ԼʺϳǿҲûб³ǿƣҲҪ
ãҾȾŶ֣Сģ԰׽ͨ󣬵ǧ򲻿а֯˵һ΢ͷһСģ֮򣬿
΢ȡڶԪ񾵣װϲ򣬲ˣ΢һЩ֮󷨲úãһǳڵˣҲƿ΢ܷȥ
һã֯СģȻ΢ƿնȥȻۼٶȣһ˸޷΢Ტۡ
һ΢ûϢҪһƬˣ΢ˡ
ͷ·ҹյһ⣬΢˿̼ΪעĿܿ죬ΧɱӦöǲ԰׽ڣǰΧ΢
Ⱥ˵УΪߵĲǳڣ΢ɱ̧һͽһȺն
ǰ΢һ·ü԰׽ڡ
ʱ΢Ҳˣ԰׽Ӧ涼ʬˣҪôֶҲǰȣ෱࣬΢һ΢ҪɱǣҪڶ
ȵڵʱ򣬱΢׽նĲ԰׽Ѿϰ֮и౻԰׽ʹū۵ĺһ·ɱЩ˸޷赲΢Ƭ̣֮Ѫ棬γһѪۡ
ɫǰźɫʯ֩ڣƤ԰׵˸֡
Щʬˣ˵ǻˣʬǵѪҺѾף֮ǰͼĽڲͬÿһǳڵʵ
ǳڣ˵ʵǿһƬ򣬼ûʲôܶԸǡʬˣԾԸ΢ġ
˿̣ɢ˵ʬ΢κħֶҪǿ󣬶Ҫֲֻһʬɱһǳˡ
Ҫɡһʬ˿΢˵һ䣬Ȼץ˹Щʬ˱ӷ·ڵڷ·ͷ˫Ŀڵû촽¶аʮ㣬˫泤ָȻһ㳤ͬ⵶һһצĺ涼ѹһʮɴСӣˮڹ롣
԰׽ôˣǱһնɱѵǽң۵ݺ΢ǿֲʬצӶ̧һն
˲䣬һеΣն΢һն𡣰ץǸʬˣֱ۴ˣ״ķ顣
ãʬɱˣ
Χɱӣ
ʬǷңɱ΢˵һʼǻûж񣬴˿̣ǲòȫ֡
΢һնһͷһҪ죬Ƹߵʬһ˲ʱǱûӶʣұߵʬһһҲǾǧĸ֣˷һצ΢ͷ
һ죬ʬֻоָʹ飬·ץĲѪ֮Ǿһ㣬ٿ΢ֻǱץϸСۼʬ˼״ȻڶԷǿᣬҲǿЦצʬƬ̣ͽһѪˮҩɾȡ
ǿδأ΢⣬׻һжػ֮ɢ
˿ڣҲָ̻
ʬһŵĻɢҪ֪ǽҲûͨʬҲ֪ǳģԼԲ΢֣̾ӣֻٿ죬οù΢ףƬ֮ͱ׻УһŽ̿
΢ͣǰ谭Ҳֱǿɱ󣬲ٲ԰׽ڼ΢̾ӣˡ


һǧʮ ̸
԰׽ĶȻ޷ʵˣ˵Ҫ΢죬ʵ΢ǻȥˣһһ·ɱֱӹ԰׽̵ĸء
֮ϣֲһûκε죬ܣҲϢԲŽ񣬱Ͼ˭Ҳֹ޾֮Уһ£Ǻеĺֿɲǳصġ
ɲ԰׽ȴ󴬣˵пһЩ޴ޱȵĺ֣ЩֶǿԵڵģ֮ϣ԰׽̵ܴ󣬺԰׽ΪУ֮⣬֮з˾ۼĵ죬Ҳɲ԰׽̽ģ˿΢һҹնɱ˵һ졣
΢ͨһۿⷽԲʮĵ죬㿴һ޴ޱȵҹ꣬⺣־޴ޱȣ֫Ѿ̽ź˿ڳߣһͽ޴ҹıϡ
飬зˣҲˡ
Ȼ˿ٴУʮλֳַһս̬
΢Ĺǣòôһŵĵط϶ŹѾͲ԰׽̽ӣ
΢ֱǵϣָ
ˣһϣɱ԰׽Ϊ΢һ·ɱһһҹҲӦǷľʱҪҪһѷȥֻҪɱ΢Ǿڽǰͷ
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ʮһΧɱƺ죬иǳڵ˸֣֪΢Գ־ȫ
΢˿֪ЩɱԼҲ밲Ϣὣӿ֣˲ɳʮսһ
һ棬ͽײķǣһ̣˱΢һնɱ겻һȭǽ˺ķ飬Զһ޴Уˮ
ÿһ£Ǿ춯أܣ⻹΢ûжȫ׽СĨȥ
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ʣµɢһǳڵߵһͻȻоһֽץסͱǿϵ΢ǰ
ŵĻ΢ϵɫףһֱӹڵء
һĻе˿ǾޱȣҪ֪λ˿ǹܿǵĳƽ߸ϣֻ֮б¹ûжԱ¹򣬲˿̣λ߸ϵ˹µʱҲͷ˲ࡣ
΢ץסԷҪΪڲ԰׽ڵĵλӦòͣ΢Ҫʵǣ԰׽̳жԶв԰׽Ͻ˾ж٣Ϊһ·ɱ΢նϰˣǳڵҲ߰˸ţڣһ࣬ǿ϶ûôǿĵ̵ġ
һʼ΢Ҳ԰׽аʮ˶ˣû뵽ô£һ·ɱ΢ҲǼ΢Ūֵĵϸ
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ʵϣ԰׽̱ԼĹģҪö࣬һϰѾǲ٣ͬںСţֻжʮˣɲ԰׽µ˾Ȼ֮ڣ΢һ·ɱɱ԰׽ɵˣ԰׽˵Ҳһ޴Ĵձ΢ץס˵԰׽ڲ΢ѾĲм˿־壬ֻΪòӲ԰׽ԲΧɱ΢
ڲ԰׽̳˴ҲûжԶˡ
΢ʣʱͻȻ䣬ž֮ɫҽмڱһӡ˲һ߸ʬˣһΣⱻʬû΢˫Ŀһ˿⣬ڵˣΪҲ԰׽̲ʲôޣ֮ǰһҲûһĵزǸһɸΪ񲯰ɡ
ǲ԰׽ķӡҶԷȻ͵ġ
Ȼ΢һ·ɱ԰׽ҲЩԲһ΢û취ȻǱ緭飬Ҫ΢Թ
˵ʵ΢תһ룬ôҲûʲôã԰׽ʲô⣬ʱˮڣ΢кξ壿
ðȻ԰׽׷ҲûбҪ鷳΢һʮϵӣͿԷô˵ˡ
ˣǲʶҲ˵ͨ


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΢ĶӦԿ϶ؾŶһҲҪһǢڲ԰׽̳
ֻΪ΢Ҳȥ̶ǻѨ봳һ԰׽֪£֪֪֮ǰ̽΢Ƕôġ
˻ǵˣҪģֻ˿ֻս
΢ҲҪϢԷӦҲһ΢ɵһ·ɱ԰׽ַֻӡķʽûֹ壬΢֪ԷֻһֿܣǾ޷
Ϊʲô΢ԼоܺǢйء
Ǣ˵ؾŶǢˮƿ壬ңڶ֮ڡ
ǲ԰׽ֿԿƱͨҲǢֻ΢־ò񣬲ô˵һ΢һҪȡ̶Ѩ΢Ҳմ
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뵽΢һЦѪʬ˵кβң
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΢ŵϵѪ뵺ϵĳҪϢƬ̣Ҫָ۷״̬
ǲ԰׽ȻԼȥ̳Ȼݴͣ׼΢ҲСӦ֮ǰԸ԰׽̵ˣ΢ûнȫӳҲΪһֵ֣ĵˣԪߴһʩչžˣҲһˡ
Ϣˣ΢׼ȴͻȻӦһ
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΢еĹˣԷֻǳڵΪ΢ŵǻ΢ɱ֮ѾˣȻֻһ죬΢һ·ɱȻ԰׽ɵ˶ɱһգɱܲô
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˿ڲ԰׽̳Ѫ֮ڣһڲ԰׽̸߲㶼ɱŭޱȡ
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ݳϣֻɲ˵ýһ˻û˵꣬Ѫһ
ʲô
һڶ԰׽̵ĸ߲㶼ͷһæķݵո˵ŵ˫һ˵ϡ


һǧʮһ ΢
ͼѪ˿߳һӰӰһ࣬һ£¶ƤҲǲ԰Ѫǲ԰׽
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ͼ԰׽ݳɵҩ֮󣬽һƿӵУȻƿӣһꡣ
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ֻΪݳ˵һɲ԰׽Ļ
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һ΢ֺξ֮У
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һ̣΢䣬ӦĲ԰׽һնΪ


һǧʮ ʬ
΢ٶȼ죬ˮͬ԰׽Ҫɱ΢һ΢ҲȲ̸ĵģȻҪ֣ǾҪ쵶ն顣
ֻ΢ЩǣҲЩ̫ˡ
Χ԰׽̵˶ûйҲûκܵı飬΢֪黹ûꡣ
ȻϱնεĲ԰׽ʬ˿ͻȻƮȻ϶Ϊһԭ΢üͷҲһ壬⻹ͷһα׽նлܰȻ
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𣿡΢ЦˣȻֻǽ˽ûãҲûм쾳Ǵ˵ˣ΢ȴףЩ統УпܳɾͲڣ˾
νֻԶԡ
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ͬ΢ֻ֪ԣԷն飬΢Ͳ԰׽ܻ
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һ̣ױ۵׹ͣ԰׽ճͱ״˸顣
Ľе΢£Χ
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΢Ҳ԰׽̲ʬһЩᲢۣܿ죬ͽΪѪһ֣ΪΪϡѾ΢ӶڵѪϣһǲ԰׽ģ
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֪԰׽˿̾һˣһպһ㣬³֪
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԰׽ʣµѪ˿һɫϢ֮γΣ΢ɫδйء
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ȻԳң΢һ΢˿ȻϰԪȴǺģѾǳˣԪƾãһʱҲˣ΢ûбҪţ˲Բߡ
ʩߣָˣʩ԰׽Цһһ̣;ֵļ΢Ȼ˫ֻ֣һģ΢һǽ䷨ƽ⡣
Ʒ䣿԰׽ͫһӦ죬ٴʩչͼƾðһ΢Ҳһ֣΢Ȼû֮ͬС졣
԰׽ʩչ䷨΢ǿһŵ
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ڰĻ𣡡΢ܶԷڿ࣬ʩչ˲һī赲̽ĺƾճ֣׽֡


һǧʮ ֮ͬ
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֮ȷΣûйֻ֮˶ĿĪ΢ΪͿжʱת֮
ֱǳ룬̫ɡ
ʱǰһӰͻȻϮ԰׽һϲȻͼֻҪź͵Ϯ΢Ҳôһˡ
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ԿĻǲ԰׽΢һնƶ˵Ӱ졣
΢ûˣԽͷԽ죬㣬ѾǺһˡ԰׽˿̿Ц
ȴ΢ͷѾȫףôʱԪѾǱǧꡣ
ǿδأʱ΢ͻȻˣһò԰׽Ϊ죬Ҳ΢ʲô˲õ顣
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԰׽һ㶣Ȼֵķ֣ԼԪȻҲڿģһһ
΢㡭㾿ʲô԰׽ܿ̽һԼʲôȻҲԳȡԼԪ
ѵ΢Ҳʱת֮
ܣԼоǧоģ΢ôܶ
벻ף԰׽ʵ벻ףΪ֣Ԫľ˲ʬʱҲǱɡ
΢˿ûʲôֻʩչ֮ͬѡ
֮ͬʲôôû԰׽ʵ˵յԪڼš
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ո΢Ѿ뵽ƽֶΣȻ޷⿪ô΢ԼûбҪԼ⣬԰׽ʩߣǶԷһý֮
΢֮ͬԼͲ԰׽ʱת֮Ӱ죬ԷǲֻܸԼ䣬֮ͬӰ죬Է䣬͵Ҳ΢⿪ˡ
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΢Ļ԰׽Ļû뵽ϾȻֱʱת֮Ŀǡ
ԺĸӦԼȷʱת֮Ԫĵļ죬򶨡
˭ʱת֮Ŀֲ¾䣬תһ룬ǽ䣬ԷҲӴ䷨֮ǰŬǰ׷ѡҪ֪ʩչûдۣʱڣʩչڶΡ
һʱ֮䣬ѡ
԰׽Ҳݣ˿ŭ΢ȷΣԪıҶ࣬ģ˭ܺĵù˭
԰׽ȻǴ΢֮ٽ䡣
΢Ҳû뵽԰׽Էȷ΢ߣ΢Ҳ׼˵õɸУȡѾõҡ
ս綫ݵɹһ꣬˿΢ȡ޲ʧԪ
¶ǣԭѾ׵ͷ˿̾Ȼ±ںڣһĻֵ԰׽ɵˡ


һǧʮ ԲҲɱ
԰׽ôҲû뵽΢Ȼ֮ͬû뵽ԷԪıһǾתˡ
ôȥԼԪҲֲ˶ãһԪľɡ
԰׽нޱȣĺ΢Ӳ˭ܿù˭ֲңԷ޸Ԫıܿù
Ҫò԰׽ôҲûô򵥣תһ룬αǣ΢Ȼ΢Ԫıôǡ
΢ңҲǶ˵ӭս԰׽
ǼһΪ඼Ӱ죬΢ֻܷ֮ӳһɣͬ԰׽ǱߣҲԪһֻǽɱƬ̣Ȼѷʤ
΢ǿ԰׽ҲʬѪջ˭κβ˭
ʱ԰׽ҲǸоԪã֪ٲ⿪ԼΣˡ
Ǻ˼ã΢һԣͬҺˡ
΢һҲͣ¶˵ʵ΢Ҳֲ˶ã޲ԪŵģԪĵԽ࣬ķҲܶ࣬ʱ΢Էӳƽʱһ
΢ٹ԰׽ȻԸҲûӣֻǿʼҲһ⿪Ҳûʲôֶٿ΢ʱǴھơ
ڲ԰׽ķӣһǵһλڵ˴͸ģⷨԷⷨͲ䡣
˴ƽ֣Ϊ΢鷳԰׽˼ƽϣ㿪ʼרĽ
ͼ䣬һ⡣
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΢ֻоӿ塣
ող԰׽ͬʱ΢ҲûţƷһƷ鱬˿ͻȻʩչ˲佫ѹ֮Ѫɢ
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ٿ԰׽Χһ㾧ڣżΪǿĿռԽķݡ
΢üͷһ壬նǱ
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΢ҲǷ˺ݣתһ룬Ȼ䲻ǾͲɱʱ΢ͻȻðһ⡣
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߲ˣ΢ͻȻ˵
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΢Ͳ԰׽֮ĴսȻҷǷûгʱ䣬˿̺ɢȥ԰׽һ΢ȻֳһˮСǵĽ֪٣Ϣûˣﻹ֪ܲһɱĽ
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˿̣ǢʣȻܻعֺ֮ǻϲ΢ʩչڶ֮ǢͶС
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ǧѩ˿ҳбĿĽ΢洫ѾģȻΪɻǳڣͬѾĶ֡
˿ΧˮᣬȻ΢ˮ淨񽣾
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һĻ˿Ǿ̾ѣ˵ҳǵķˣһЩ˿ҲǴžη
ǧѩСýʱԶһ̾ӰƮȻȻһ湫ӣµ壬ֹжȣΪȻҲȻѾǳڡ
ˣǧѩҲ˵ʲôֻ΢ͷ̬Ȼ̸жãһǧ֮ģ
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⹫Ӹһҵļ̳ˣ²˽У֮⣬һЩʵŵң⺫Ǻҵĵճӡ
ʵɽҲһЩ飬ҹϽ֮ҲһЩҳóϵֻǺҵشΪƫƧԼ¶档˷Ҽ֪ɽӽύһɽŴĵճǰһʶǿܲܺλ˽ύһ
֮󣬺һۼǧѩǾΪˣչ˷׷󣬶ǧѩΪҼȻҲԼĶӣԾͲȡĬϵ̬ȣɶȥ׷󣬶Լɽӡ׽£ȼǿ顣
˵ҲǺǧѩԸ񰲾¶棬ɽǾȻ֪Ȼ׷ǧѩ֪ȻߺҼǧѩ˵ĵӡ
ǧѩԸ˵һģЩˣȻӦԣɶںֳôĥӲݵˣЩ֪ôӦˣԷܾһ񽣣һǽмƷǧѩҲ֪޹»ĵҡͷӺǧѩ죬ֻһǧѩգ뺫ջȥ
ȻŮֶΣ˿ȴǹһЦǧѩСˣĳû˼ֻǼǧѩСڽһʵҲ󣬶޵⽣ֱǱǲŲû֮ǧѩС㲻ϲҲֻܽ⽣ȥΪ𡣡
ǧѩһüͷһ壬ȷһѺý⻹ΪϲģֻǺĿģοҡͷܾ˺


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ԭʦʱһ
Ǭһ˵ģΪѾǳڣͺҼ൱ҼʵҪǿһЩѾǺǳ۷޼ΪˣҲһ
ΪǸǧѩŮӣǬһʲô֪ӣͷ֪ʦûΪǸŮӣҼﰮĽ֮⣬ŮһپܾûнҷѵҺҼ̳˻䲻
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ֻһ·͵ͱﻵˣ˿ŭʦһ·װҲװˣ˴ȻǸ˱ӻ˸ң׷Ůкβף
ô˵ҪǬıߣȴûǬҡͷǳμŮˣվھ𡢰׽£޾ɽӺ棬϶ŮҳǵλͣȻ֪ʲôȴ֪Ҫ֣ҲŪı
ʲôֺαհǰ˺󣬴ٻطܷͷܱܷͷĵطҲֻҳǡΪȻ
Ǭһüͷһ壬뵽ԷǼĶӣҲûٶ˵
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ǬˣúҴ٣ҪһŮˣֺαǣߣ
˵꣬ƺ뵽ʲôƣЦתȥ
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˷ҲǲѶΪ֮ѡҳǱѣҲԣû뵽΢֮ʢȻñ϶óȻҲѵô
Ȼ׽飬סգʵϾѣֻûк˵ʱǬĶ
СӣǸǡҼŭԱǬæȰүһˣҲûбҪϾǸǧѩӦҲûʲôǲر⣬λǺͱϵĳԹȽϺãϾĴܡ
Ҽͷ˵ĶԣǵĸڱƲȥһ˵˰æ˵ϣϻ᲻ӣ
ǬһǺãɽǲ˵˲ڣ֪ʲôʱܻܲһֱ˵λҲδػӦæ
ҼͷȷǸ鷳Ȼһ·ǾһºᣬѾǳ۷壬ʸμᣬᵱжȡǰͿԵõ֮
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ֻֿԺܵͣҼ֪Լ˶ǣҪȡǰܡ
˼ʱǱͻȻкūţǺҼרȥǲĶӵģҺҼֻжԷܹ
ūʹϢȷãҼǬ˶Ǵһ
ʲôǲĶȻ°˺ǧѩǸŮˣǬһΪΣҼҲһŭǱϾӣǴ˻Ҳš
ˣȥɽӣֻһŮˣǻӣǬ˽СһҪʡԺٸ¡ҼȻûнµ£ΪԽⲻ֪δɱ


һǧʮ 
ҳгݻĵط˸
˸޽һȻʯϣ๬רд˵ģ˿˸ڣɽӵںȾƳģҼʱźǰΪ⺫ҼΪǰҲнģɽӵмӡ
λ˶ڣҲֱƺΣҼʵǼΪ԰һˣУҳΨһֵηģλ˵еˣ֮⣬ǾҲûô
ϾֻǳڣԼѾǳ۷ˡ
Ҽǰɽӣ޾׽£ʮֿϾ˼ǿͣһҵļλҲ˵ˣ⺫Ҽ˵ô򵥣Ϊ˱ѡ
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ԭ֮ǰȴͻȻҩסһʱԷסߡǧѩϾ΢ֽ̳ͽܣ¾ȺҪһ㣬ҩҲǺܿͽϵҩ⡣
ʱѾǧѩ°һƫƧ֮в죬Ҳһ·źǧѩȻǧѩûлữҩ
棬ǧѩͻȻɱ񣬺ǳڵˣΪ˶ʮУǧѩһ̴£ˣ⻹㣬ǧѩ΢Ҫһݺᣬǽʵķ飬ǧѩϾǳֻǺ޷նɱöԷߡ
ǧѩǷҳǣյѾƣֻʣ°ĺҲǬĲ¸ϵ


һǧʮ 
˫һǰһϹǧѩɽӵȻ˿νɺǧѩ΢ͽܣǳʧ΢
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ķһƶɣɴǧɣޱȣȫɽɽϣǿ
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Ҽ˿ΪȻϷݺᱱǧ꣬ʲôûɱŮˣ
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汱ɱҼǬͺɫһ䣬ǾΪܱϵ׷ɱһ·£㵽ҳУʲô˵ҲŲסϡҲԣǱǿλˣôܱһס֮ǰûɱס
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һĻɽӵ˶ըˣҸӲǶʱֻӦϣϾҳǵĸݵء
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һ̣յһ׹⣬׹Ȼ£һӰ
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΢Ӱ˶ߣ֪˶£֮ǿ˾ηÿһǳ۷ĸ֡
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ҼߣɫϾСŲƷ׭ʱ׼߶ߡ
˿̱ϸҼֻۣ뿴΢
ٿ΢һɨ̿˵ĺǧѩüͷһ壬Ȼʵô£
ɽӵǰǱ߱һըˣźҵ󱲰
Ҽһνô˵ˣҲô߾ߣ˭κβǡ
˵꣬ѾǴ߶СŲƷ
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ȵ׭Ĺⷨը֮󣬾ͼһĿɿڴֵվԭء
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һǧʮ ˲
˵ȷǾޱȣ̾СŲƷǺ洫һַ׭֮ǰǿСŲƷζϵ׷ɱ˭뵽԰СŲƷ˿̾Ȼˡ
СŲƷʱֻţҪٻã뷨ơ
˾֪ˡ
ǶıƵǬ˿Ҳɫ԰ף֪ǺáҲ֮ǰ˵̫ˣԳܵĵƣƳ֮ûãǰʯͷԼĽš
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ϵ£ȻΪ΢һǳ۷壬ʵϵսȴرǿԿ϶֣ҲԲ΢Ķ֡
λ˲μһεᣬǱȻȡǰ
ϴˣƽ΢ҲͲ׷Ĺǣβһ΢Ѿ죬Էͷһ΢ͺϿԡ
΢һЦȻλͨã΢ҲǸϾɱ֮ˣԶһۣȻͿˡ
һɫһ䣬˵ǣɽӡ׽ˣǵһںҼһЩûιȥ
΢ȻñԶһۣԷǷˣȷôı£
Ǻߣǿ鷳ˣԼʲôһˣһ뵽Ҽһڣ˵ǬͺҲŵľͱ˲һǬһƣȷ΢ʵԶڱ֮ϣԲŸô˵ڱ˿΢ҪЩ֣ʵϣһ㶼֣һʴȺͿ
ʱôû뵽һ㣬֮ǰлύλˣڿǽ˼ҵģôʧǬʹļףںҲˡ
Ǳ֪Զһۣȥ֮ɾͻˣֻǺܿ뵽֮ǰ΢һͻֵһĻ
ʱ΢ֻһȭףȫˣһ˲䣬ܸо΢ʵϲûʩչȫûʩչȫԷȫ˾ƴҲǶ֡
ӣܱȶҪãǵΪնһۣҲ뷨Ӷֻ֫ʧһЩΪˡ
뵽̶˵նϸԵһֱۣȻ΢һ̾ߡ
΢ȻӦǣûмΪѣֻ֮֮ҪӲˣԶҳǡ
΢Ŀġ
˱ϣ΢㿴򺫼Ҽˡ
ǵﱱѣ˼жͼȴΪһǴͽܣѡɡ΢˵
Ҽոͱ΢һԾñǿԶһۻȥŵĻ겻壬˿һ΢Ļһ̲סڵϿͷ
ˣ治֪ͽܣ֪Ȼ˶Ӵŭ֮ͽҵȸ˴˴һ·벻⺫Ҽ̰
Ӹˣ˿ֱӹڵϣϰǻҪ޳ܡ
ǸҵıʿǬ˿վıֱ¹ĺҸһĲмͱġ
ˣֺαذǬͶǺңϹ˹ۡ˵꣬һı顣
ǲ˽ˣΪǬһ䲻ηǿȨӲֻǿϧǣ΢翴ǬеĿ־ǿиɵϷ룬ǵȻôǾʹ㿪ʼ
˵꣬΢Ǭһ;ֵı鵱һָһ׼ֱӽǬɱ
ԱߺҸӸŵͷ΢Ź֮ͽ״㽫Ҹӳɱ
˵֮ǰ΢˵Լ޵£ڱǿȫѹڵˡ
ȻҪնɱҸӣһס
շܿʹˣҳ棬棬ҲǺܿ˾֪֪΢ҸնɱıϻܣǱƵĶԷԶһۡҪ֪Ȼһ㣬ϵͷȴǲСȹѻҪһЩôǳ۷־Ȼ΢ܣԶһۣʵЩ
˱λˣǾǲõĴڡ


һǧʮһ 
΢֮֯ˣֻ֮ǰ΢Χҳǣһ֯
ҪΪ֯Ȼ˵ģڶûвǳ֯յ΢Ͱ׽¡۵˿·硣
ǲ԰׽һʼĿľΪ̽ѰյұΪԶ޷Ѳ԰׽Ŀƣû뵽ǾŶֳС϶Ұ׽ѯ֮飬֯Ȼǽ֮ǰ׽Ҳʹ΢΢ֻ赭д֯֪΢һȥ˶ô顣
԰׽֮Ӵƿص֮벻ȻǱһ˴ݻ٣ᣬ˱ؽңȺۡʱҲòпһ΢Щɶǰ׻ˡ
ֲǳˣ֮½ޱȣҲֻܰȻȹҴлȡԵ׽ҲǸпһ䡣
ֵֻϧʦΪûͻƵǳ۷壬һᣬʦһϯ֮ء
һԳһЦ£ʦ̣Ҿǳ۷壬˵ǰŽǰʮѣֶ֮붼밡ȥҿа˳ɰա
ˣÿῪ֮ǰų֪ϣֶЩ֡޾Ҳһ
Ὺǰ죬ĿҲ˳һˡ
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Ƶڣƺӿ񵥣ϴ΢Ц񵥣ƺӣѾǰʮ
Ҫ֪ǽ²˽е˶˽ȥǳ˭ӽԲŽ
۸ţǰʮ֤ǰĻᡣ
ʦȻΪߣѾǰƺӿԼʮ˾Ȼ
ƺӵĻǱϥ۾¶һ˿â
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һͷȷһˣ䲻֮ˣȴͨ죬̾磬ǰ棬ϣڶ˭
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üͷһ壬ȻγǰǲҲû˵ʲôҲźƺڶǲµĴڣγ̵ΪʵҲ޼˻꣬ҲԷֳʤ
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ƺȴ飬ᣬܵõֻ֮ǰ֣ҲһΪƺ洫ӣʱҪҲսˡ
ǿƺӵ뷨΢΢һЦ֮˭лᣬʱҪսңҲ顣
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Ȼ˭õ֮ƺ˵Ǻ£ͬһĻҲš
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Ȼ⻰վסţ۸ʲôط˽ϢΪͨĵط΢ҲճģԲӦý©Ŷԡ
ƫƫ۸İ񵥣ǽ΢©ˣԭ򣬿ò˶ڲ²⡣
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ȻļֵǺܴģ϶ϸԵʵ
ͬҲϾȻû΢֡
۸ڣһȥһŮŭĽ뵽ˣ۸һ񣬾ŵġ
ŮһΪν΢ִɾȥѾһȻɾһ˵
Ů˵УҲ޾׵֣˿һ۾ƿĿ⣬λҲһŮӣңͬ˫
£Ѿʾ񹬣㽫һΪһʵЩ̫ףҲŽ˵ɾȥô죬˺ͺγ֮ϣֱǺ֡


һǧʮ 
ǽ񹬵İŮһǷԲӣѾ΢ǺճΪ֮ߣ֮ǿڵߵɽл״Уһͻλǳڸ֣նɱһ֮ǻܹѣһлƺӣսʣΪβŵһ
ȻϣŮûдá
Цһҡͷ˵ɣϵĸ֣ڶʮ⣬ĸɱǳˣкϡ棿УȻǧǰϿŽǰ壬Ҳֻǧ֮ǰҾ֪۹ǱһλִˣŲҲ˵Ѻܻܿ˵Ϊˣɱôһʲô˲һлƺӣߣƺ˵ֻǷˮǰʾЩݣҵȻͨ
㣡ȻĹǺ൱΢ģڵߵɽʱע⵽΢ˣǴ΢֮΢һ·ȷǾޡ
۸ͬţ²˽磬۸ҲǳȻĴڣΪ۸ϲ˽ҲкǿĿɽθŮȻҲҪٴγΪҪһ㣬ͱ۹һǱڵĸ֣佻ãֻҪԷܳΪ֣ô˵۹ʸΪ
ֻû뵽òѡˣȻʱɾȥ֡
ͷӦǹˣ֪پҲû߳룬ȻԼѾߡ
ǰգʥҳǱ΢ƵԶһۣû˵ʵ΢֮ǰһ񹦵ȷҲЩðգԼ۹⡣
ܿ΢־ԲԼʧˡ
һΣһӮˣô۸ĵλҡֱϣˣǾ̽䡣
ȥҳǣѾ߷Ըһ񹬾ʹһ񵥺һΪҪĶ뿪۸Ѿһ񹬴ŵĶǴһ
С㣬㲻Ǵ㡭û˵꣬ͱ񹬴ϣܣзִַ硣
С㣬һʧ㡭Ѿ߻˵ҡͷҵôãò׵ȵôһᣬֻпܳΪҲֻгΪܲ˭ס
Ѿ⻰ҲȰˣ¶ԼСǱ춼ҪҪСףҲ۸ͻȻ͸Ź죬֪ϸڣҪ̽鵱ʱľڣҲ֪ԡ
ΪЩڣֻ۸ܸʸġ
ΪŪ׵񹬲Ż᲻ϧһдҪΪܷһһĵһô֤ʸΪһθҲ۸λθŮһ顯
񹬻ɣԼ׵йϵҪȻԷҲκԼԣǽԼѡһɾ
ûϵﻹԭʼ񣬵ʱ۸巢ȻֻҪ΢ĵһôʵ飬˭޷Լ̳и֮λ
ȻҲмĺ΢ǽĻ̽䣬Ժ޻ܸ֮λ
񹬵Ȼ֪ʧܵĺ֪һΣģǸԼʶҲûл˽΢
񹬵ٶȺܿ죬Ὺǰ죬ҳǣʱ΢Ѿʼ׼
ʱˡ
ʵϣԴ΢ȵ֮󣬲֪жҳͶݼ΢һ棬Щ˸ûл΢΢Ҳüǣ϶ǱɽǾ͵˻ȥ
һΣɽӵҲˣΪ۸ˣһ㹻ˡ
ҳǴ֮ڣɽӡ޾׽£𣬺ǧѩ⼸λȫ룬Ƕ棬ϣѾվһԡ
۸ɽӣ׽Ƕ֪ǼΪصţ˵Ѿ޷۸󣬾˵ϲ˽磬Ҳ۸ڣκ¶۸̽飬һεǾ۸ųġ
һϣ˶Ͽ۸˵ǾȨ棬Ǵڣƺڣţ׵۸ˣǳȻڴڵĴڡ
Զ񹬣ǾҲ൱档
ֻ۸һúǧѩɽǺܲˣΪ΢Ȼû档
Ҳ˵Ȼǰ
ʱǾ˵Ű֮飬΢ȻҲˣԴ˷۸ݷ΢ǾͺΪû΢


һǧʮ ҿ
񹬴˿һµٷ۸еķΣϣʮ㣬ٸηǾˣǰҲǱԷѹıϹϾȻ񹦵ΪҲֻǳڡ
΢ûʱʵģҪʡ
˼۸ˣȻ֪飬һεʵЩ⡣ʱһ⡣
ͷ˵˾Ͷˡ
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ˣҿҲˣȻûнʦ棬ʵʧˮ׼ʧʣҪ֪ʦһܽƺӻˣƺϾȻŵھţʵǿЦ
Ҫ˵ĻЩתĻôǧѩĻͺֱˡ
ᵽ£ҲΪΣĸ߰ܿ΢δܿˣǾˣҲֲֵ˵һĴڡҲ֪һȻ㽫Ѻ΢ϣô΢ߵˣͲܰڳ̬߰
ԣѵõĽ͵˷ұѾźã۸һλ˵ɾԾˣרǰ˵
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Ȼɻ󣬵Ͼı㣬ҲûпȾ䡣
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ЩˣһǴĿµһ˵ٹ⣬һǰٷְٿԽˣ۸˵û۹һΣҲΪˣ۸ŻôȨȻ֮ϡ
ˣΪ۸Ὣ΢ȥλΪרݻ΢
Щ⣬ӶԷǲ˵ģûã΢ˡ
֮ǰ֯۵ԭɵ˵Ĺڻͨ֯Ҳʽǳԭ֯˾Ѿǻ㹻Ϊ΢ҲǰһСæ֯һ
ǳ֯˾ͿԼ΢֪֯ʲؽĳɾҲ̫
߸ճأ۸ݷá
΢߽վ۸֮̽һۿ΢Ϊ
ȵ΢ΪѾǳ۷֮ϲޱȡ
ߵɽŶã
Ҫ֪΢ո׼ߵɽʱ񹬾Ϳ΢Ϊʱ΢ֻ˶ѣΪǳ
˿̣΢ȻѾǳ۷壬۷壬ʵ֮ǿ
ãã˹Ȼ׿Խʵ̲ס񹬿佱һ䣬ȷǺܸˣ΢Ϊô죬˵۹û΢ȷһ֮ģֵѺ΢ϡ
ͬ΢˿Ҳڹ۲񹬣΢Կ϶ԼʶԷΪרݷԼ
ˣðȻãʵҪ£ң˵̸̸ֱӱͼһЩҲֻܺ΢˵
΢֮ǰҲӱ˿֪۸ĳȻԵ˵ͷɽӵһ£񹬵ѾҲ뿪ܿ죬ֻ֮ʣ΢񹬶ˡ
ȻҲǹĨ֮ˣǽȥһһҪ΢Ϊ۸ܸܲ׵ЩûΪ֪֮ǰ΢ѹʶҪڶʱڻΣֻ̹Դ
ˣˣҿ㣬νһѹϣṩģԶĻҪ࣬һԲ׬⡣Լ࣬Ȼ΢ظ
΢ҲͷһμôֱףЧʵŮӣԷֱ׺̹ʣ΢Ϊϲ
Ҵţֵýѡ
Ҿͬ˵ģˣȷкô΢˵ͷãȻ˫Ӯ飬ȻԴӦ㡣
²˳٣Ǽ̶ǰᡣ˵΢ʹǰȥᣬԭǴǰæ·ڣǾʡ¶ˡ
˽˵飬Ҳûк˶˵һЩ׼΢׼Σǧѩ׽ҲҪһȥǰȥս


һǧʮ ǿƼ
ͻȻ񹬣΢Ҫ˵ûһ㻳ɿ϶ǲܵģֻ΢ۣɹ֮ȻûжԼѣҶԷٶԼǳġ
Ȼˣֺαؾǧ֮⡣
΢ҲҪ֣˽磬Ҳѣ׽µˣ׽ǱϾ͵̶ޣ΢ܸ΢İҲˡ
񹬾Ͳһˡ
ȣ۸ˣһһܸĶŮпܳΪһܸһ̺͵ƣһ񹬳Ϊܸƿ۸ôܸ΢İ̫ˡ
ڣ΢ҲԴ˽⵽ǰ޷˽⵽ϢϢǲܴӰ׽º;ȡģΪǸ֪
һЩ˾ŵţСĹɣһϣԼҪ֡
ˣۣΪʵѾֱƺڵˣŵĺγ̣Ժһϸ¡ʱ˵Ȼһ΢ϵҪ֣ˡ
˵ĵϸΪֵͨȫ֪һ΢İͺܴˡ
һ·ϣ񹬾뵽ʲô˵ʲô΢ʲôʲô˵֪˵΢ǰ׽µˣǶλ񹬾岻ѡ
΢ʱͻȻ뵽һ¡
ˣ΢ڣȻһЦˣ񹬱ɡ
΢㶣ȻԺ΢Уһ񹬣˵Ͼ
£΢ˡ
Ϊ΢ɣϾһλΪˣ΢Խ룬Խ֪ϾʮǰϾս紴ɵ΢û˵ţƺڵһġ
԰׽磬԰׽طͻƵһЩСġ
棬Ͼһ㶣Ȼ˵ģǴСĴϾ
΢һţæͷûôСģ
񹬵ͷȻҡͷһ磬ֻһС磬ҲһģˣҲǵҪʱ˺Ͳſɣ˵С粢ƾմ죬Ļܿ٣ڴϾǿһλ˵е˸֣˾ŵд˵һֻλˣϾ֮һΪʮǰѾ쾳ˡ
΢һҲͷȻܰٷְȷϾսĵϾ΢͸оǰ˾Ųʮ
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ϲ˽磬˵λˣֻͨڣλϾѾʧٺܾá
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£۸Ҳ֪ĵص㲢ûжԶһʱԸϵ
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Զȥʮ򡣵ȻЩ˵о޴μʸûУֻǰʮλĸ֣ʸμᡣ
ˣΪ²˽統һεʢᣬÿһʢ֮󣬶λ˻ϲ˽罵µ֮һ꣬꣬ȻͻƵ硣֮ϻб仯ÿһζˣǰԼ֤һʱ̣˶Դ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
쾧ɽһ壬߰ǧɣֻܲμ˲ȥģȥҪԼûֱ£ΪһȥζѾ֮ᡣ
ƣͬеĻйڶ˴˿̿˷쾧壬˳
εڵʮλȷʸμ֮ᣬֻΪԲ
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Ȼ£ֲʦ߶ԭΪһδᣬһʮꣿ
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Ҳδأ۸ŵȤȻûнǸճ΢ŽȥֶûУҲ֪۸ôġȻ΢ֻ񣬳ȥǰģǶĸ֡
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һǧʮ ΢˭
ʦˣ治˶̧ͷȥ
ͼһ˴ſɮȥͨޱȣȴǽ̤գһһÿһԼһƣֳƵͬһ졣
ǽµˣʦ𣿡˼ʦһʱ֮Ǿηޱȡ
ԭѾϵ·ʦˣҲ۷
ʦã겻ʦΪǸһ¥ˡάһ䣬ԭΪԼΪʦӦ޼һμʦˡ
ʦΪȻɲ⡣
ȻǶͬģǳ۷ˣͬ統Ҳǿ֮еʱͬرһ㡣
ʦ˿̸ĸоѾͬһֲˡ
ţ˵ʦΪһչһʮ꣬ȻջʵֻܷһҲ൱ˣԼԲʦĶ֡
ģ͹һҲԼĵƣԵҲرη
ʦû쾧壬ʵʦȥ
ʦһЦԵƬ̣ҵһˡ
ˣ
͹࿴һۣ˴룬ǵʦڵ΢
ʦͷ΢ɱôˣǶµӡ£ɮξҪ΢ףֻ
⻰͹ϲæʦ˵Ķԣ΢ˣǸúúóʹһ˵϶Ҳǰһ΢ûϰˣҲûʸμᣬɽµҲá
һϣʦλǰʮģȻֻڵʮ˭֪ʦһʮĿɲǰġ
ʦҪԸ΢ŰջǺܴġ
ţʱм˸ûɽҲûȥһȻγһЩˣȻɽ¾ۼ
ȵ֪ڵȴ΢ʱ򣬲ûм΢Ҳк棬΢֣ǲû΢ȻҪ϶ҲΪᣬȻˣǾǾ֣ǵȿԷмＸ˵
Ҳˣ룬ûкվһ𣬱Ⱥ΢ĳԹͲʲô΢˵ãǻǺǰӮˣٴκ΢ԵĴ۾̫ˡȻҲϣԼǱϲ࣬ȻҲһ֣Ҫ֮Ǹǳ롣
˵ģɽƺˣźγ̣죬λһǶ֡
οһ΢֮붼롣
һΣѾ⣬ǾκλˮմȫҪ
һƺڵ˴ƺˣƺǴڣǵ֣ˣ˶ǰ
һϼ£ɷ磬˿ЦеĵԭĲŵĳֻûǰͷˡ
һЦЦ˭֪˺ͺγ̾ãΪ൱Ҳ൱һֱǶ֡
ʱһԶ
ֻ֣ѡ˵ţһ£ŵĶŵˣǰһͨϺĴ磬ƤȻһñôһòͷȴ˵Сơ
ΪǴŵĺγ̣ǳ۷ĸ֣ŵĸ
ںγ󣬸ŵȻӣ˺ͺγ϶֣ͬģƺӺҲ޵С
εǰʮڵߣǴڷ緶
ҲֻдڣȾš
˷ᣬƿǺһ³ֵĸСʱЦγҲǵ˵ͷ˴˱˴ˣҲд⣡
ڴ֮ǰʣ˭΢ҹʱͻȻ
쾧ɽ
ڶ˶Ǳλζ˺ǿĹǵУв֪΢ƺгԹ飬ΣҪ΢ˡ
Ҳѹ֣Ҫ֪΢ȻѹЩţƺڿǴڣ֮ǰƺûк΢ƽϣΪʱƺȻǴԸ΢ˡ
ʱ΢ˣԭһһԼ˵ıʱһЯѹϯ
ȻǷ΢ԲŹⷢѣȻ΢ѹûոǰ𣬾ͬ׳һˡ


һǧʮ ν
ȻǹˣӦͨƺ֪΢ڳαͻȻ֣Ҫ΢һֲ
Сģ
׽µ˸оһѹϯɫ䣬ܸоһѹ˲佫ǻɱҲǡ񹬵Ҳһ䣬ָϵһʱ׼ֵһѹ
Ϊһ۸ܸǧĵƿ൱࣬ˣҪκҲԲܣֻҪԸ⣬÷΢ȫڡ
˲֪ĵƣΪ΢Ҫ군
һѹͬһ޴ƣҲݺ΢һǳ۷壬һ±Խˣֱ
ֻ΢˿壬ؾŶ֮ǰһǰǻ治õֵڣ΢ŶѾ룬֮ͨǿѾԽڵˡ
΢λ
˵ˣ쾧ɽʮˣһһ΢˵޵еĴڣ˭¡
΢һ
˲ʱ䣬ϯǺ˵ƶײһ𣬾ȻǽԷȫɢ
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Χ˱һɨ˸ɾ΢Χ˱΢סļ֮⣬Ѿǿտյۡ
һĻҲƳȥ׼ʩչķ֪òˣ۹Ҫ΢Ŀģ׵ʧˡ
Լ˵ǾԵĺ飬ΪԼ۹ȷû뵽ôʱ΢Ȼʤһ
΢Ҳһ𣬾˵ѹ˲ʱ˵Ŀ⡣
΢
΢
Ȼɱ񰡣ȻԵס˵ֶͨΡ
ˣ˰ֻһֵܵסҲ˵΢ʸˣ־͹ڣϾȻû֡
Χ˼״˵ʲôĶУǾޱȣʵ΢һ̫𾪣Ҫ֪ԷˣĴڣֻǵֵסԷѾ൱˲õ顣
һЩԭûм΢ˣˣ˿̶뿴뿴ȵ˾ʲôģȻеôޱȵ顣˾ȻͷһֵаʵЩ˼顣
Ȼ󲿷˶Ϊ΢ǿˣ϶ûжȫ΢һˣĶ֣˰ٷְٿɱ΢Ͼǿƺڵˡ
뷨ռ˶ЩУ֮ǰ΢йԹģǺ޲΢ŭ֮ǰ΢澡ʧ˿ڳǵҲǴ˺ܶ࣬΢״һһ
΢ʮˣȻμᣬǲ֪ôдһ΢ںȳ⡣
һ룬Ҳ΢ɣҪ֪ʦŹ΢ƺڵͬᣬƺӣڣͲ΢뿪Ȼˣʲôɵĵģ
Ҳ΢״
ʦǰһ΢޲̶ֽ΢նɱӡǴٵȵȡ
ﻹᣬһʮ꣬ΪĲ΢𣬶֮õ֮Ϳֱӽˣ˵һ΢ʮٸҲɱġ
ʦסˣҪ䣬΢ھͱ˴ȻãУ΢ȻҪȥμᣬʱ˳ֽնɱ
һɣ˵ѾҪˣεݣһ¾Ȼûн΢κΣѾ澡ʧ
ΪģΪһ΢ҲҪ
һı㣬Ƕıղһ£Ҳ̽΢˼棬ֻһˡ
֪ڲȫֵʱȫ֣ôԼȻҪԿҪ֪Լ϶ŵĺγ̿ɾһԿţ΢̫ķһСǿɶӰϵı֡
Ϊ˴룬˴һٺ΢ˡ
һûж֪ʱҪһ䣬ʱԶͻȻҽţɹһˣͬڵһȻǰ涼ҳһӶ
ϸһԿѾǳ࣬٣ˡٿ˶Ǵһ˾ȻϵߣӥɽĸԬͨˡ
һĸ֣ʵƺӺ֮ϣʲô˸̫࣬ɾôһ֣˿ϾҪ˭ģ
һ̣һӰȻһŽʣԬֱͨӲ˸飬һ֣Ǳˣγ̶ʧ죡


һǧʮ 
˸ûжκηȫֱ£֪֮ǿѾԽ󲿷ˡ
ٿˣ߾ųϣΪǿ׳һƤۣ¶⣬ǼѾļ⣬ž޴
΢˿Ҳڴˣ΢ЩȣԭǿѾԼ޼
΢ھȻкü޵ľ꣬Щ걻ĶѨУȻһּΪš
˵Ƚг֮΢֪ȻĿǰһ졣
ˣ˵ֱ࣬Բ䣬΢һᣬ˵˭ܺ΢һϳֻ̣λ졣
ڿȻǷͬСɡ
΢죬ģǴӥɽĸԬͨˡһ񹬸΢ܵ
΢һλֱԼҪͣ˵ɱɱֶΣȷǳƵһ
˿һ˵Ŀ⣬˱壬ʶĺ˼ˣγҲһء
ǱһȺһߵǰָ죬ЩȻǴӥɽˣֻȻǴˣȴҺ춯ֻ֣Ҷڡ
ȴߵ˲ҲˣԬ֮ͨǰ񣬾ȻҶ֮µĳ֣ս˱նɱʲô˵ģ
һɵһ󲿷˶֪ԬͨԼ˭ãǵ죬˭֪ڶǣ˵ӲڵĸֶܡˣҲҽԬͨնɱϾӥɽȻǴڣҲڸġ
ã죬ţӥɽָӥɽ֪Ҷ춯ֻ֣ǳв
һЦĳ£ɣǣĳֽȫɱ
һ£ӥɽ˲ҿˣһǱ뿪
ǵ֮һȻǱһѹ̧ͷ˶֪ӥɽаսնɱҲԲ׳Ȼɱ죬ӿɾͶˡ
һ־磬ʹճ
һ۾ɨƺӵˣͣһ¶ûУȻЩ˸벻ۡ
ֻп˺ͺγʱŵͷλǿҪʹ졣
ɫһ䣬˵춯֣Ҳ͸Խǿڵʮа˾ŲǶ֡
Ȼڳôˣ취۵ģָ˵ģǶ˲õĴڡ
ĳ˵㲻ǶԷĵλҲ˲ˮǴߡ
쿴ʦ΢΢һ㶣ЦУһʮĿûаһȥú
ﵱУȻûнʦ£ʦȴǳһЦȻдˣ˵Ҫ˱һˡ
һЦˣֻ˵㲻ҪӮҲܣȻĲԶʱڽʵ˵ʵҵĶ֣ɵء
˵Ҳʦı飬ȻǽĿɨ΢
ͷһΣλʵǿᣬ˾η¶֮ɫ֮ǰȫͬ
΢һ䣬Ҳ΢֣ûӣʱ΢̫죬նɱѣƵıԶһۣ벻֪ѡ
΢˵ͷǳϡ
һЦããοսʹˡ
˵꣬Ҳˣ˫͵һԾ쾧塣Χһٿ΢Ͷˣ󲿷ֶһȻ΢ͷ̫ʢȻǵע⣬ɲʲô¡
Ҳߣ
ΧٿԲμҲϣ쾧ɲ˭ϵģֻǰʮʸ
֣룡
֣룡
γҲһͬȥƺӣҲǸţٺˡ
΢ϣûʸȥβ鷳˻ʦ֮ǵһͻɱ㣬Ҳûá
ʱ˵ԼΪ΢αɣǲĴΪ΢Էûᡣ
˵Ҳ׼
ʱȴ΢ͻȻˡ
ԭѾɵգ΢ٶȸ죬ֻɲǾ׷Ȼ㵵Ŀ⵱Уһȭ


һǧʮ ɱ
΢һȭûжʲô似ֻΪֱ֮Ӻϡ
Ҳһǳ۷ˣһִһţ˿̣ϵĻ̱ɢӦǵֵȴǸס
һ졣
ȻǱ΢һȭӲҵ쾧ɽɽ֮ڣ쾧ɽΪӲɽһ㣬ȴǱС
ʱһѪӦҲǼ죬ʩչֵͨÿһɳ̣΢ٴɱæЩԼ档
΢ƽѧһǧʱƶɵģ빥ơ˿˵ֻ΢ȭͷ
һȭ
΢һ¶Ϊ٣ȭȥȻӲĹķ飬һֺͲţ㱻ȭ
˶ûзӦսѾǽˡ
ȻǱ΢ȭɱ
һĻ˶ŵɫ԰ףٲҶһ䣬ɽΧҲĿɿڴ΢Ȼɱȸ־Ȼס΢С
Ҳд˷Ӧ΢ͻȻ֣ӦΪ˶쾧ʸΪôһأ֮Ҫ쾧壬ͨһЩ飬׵ģֱӻһλϵˡ
Ȼ΢ˡ
Ҳ񹬺΢˵ģ΢˭أԼðȻˣ΢ô
˿̻ûе쾧Ҳüͷһ壬ʦ㵣ϸһ룬ԼڵΪҪɱҲδô졣΢ǿܲʦ϶ԷǶĳط
Ȼطǿ϶޷־ã뵽ʦ԰зҡҵǰ΢ֶΣһֵʱͲڱԷֲ΢ǿкɱûдۣȻ˵ˣһ죬ҲԲ΢Ķ֡
Ϊˣʦ΢Գ־á
뵽ʦҲûжԣϵ쾧塣
֣ɽԺ򣡡΢ʱŰ׽µ˵һ䣬ҲǷֱ쾧塣
Ҳһȥ۸ˣʸ쾧塣
ϵ棬ſһˮһ޴ıȶ˴ĵص㡣ʱǰʮλѾ룬Ȼ
һʼɱԬͨˣһ
ʱҲ֮ǰ΢ɱڶ˿΢Ŀǲͬɵ߶࣬ϾҲеȵˣĴڣ΢׺ɱ˵ҲԽҲɱ
쾧ϣѾм۸ڳ񹬺΢һ⼸˶һ㶣ȻǶϵ񹬡
ȥ֪ͨһ۸СԸһ䣬Աһ뿪š
۸ڵλ⣬ѹԷҲ֪ΪˣȻΪӱš
񹬣˴Ͽ۸ˣֻûѯʰˣ˿̼΢һҲüͷ
֪֮ǰʱ䲻࣬Ͻˣ
˵ţȻǴ߶ͼһ⣬ֱӴǰһˮ̨ϣ˲ˮ̨ϱϼɣһ
ʲôԾϽˡ
ˣ¡
һʱ䣬۸ǼɹȻʲôҲˡ
ˮ̨ʽĳ⣬Ӱƾճ֣ȵɢȥҴҸͬʱˮ̨ѾǶ˼ˡ
⼸ʵ֮ǿȸ֣ǻʵˡ
ҲǴ۸һķΡ
Ͻ˽٣˶ǵͷ񣬾Ҳ˵ˣݺݵһۣȻѾǼΪ
д㣬˿ǰһ۸񹬼λˣ˷λ治֮΢ͨѾһΪѹңȴ΢֮ɾϽ˸󣬾ĽΪ֤λܴ޴Ͻ˳ͷ֮ˣ۸֮
ΣȻǻȥˣǴ㲻ɹʣҲֻܽ⵹
ȻҲˣ̲סںȳ⣬ǽ΢һǴ
ֻȻ۸۸Ĺأᣬϲ˽۸˸öԣһϽɨһȻǾͰչɣῪʼλԻսʤλλǰˣɵ֮֮ǰŰҲɴ˴ν˷۸Ĺؽ


һǧʮ ֮
Ͻһ˵Ҳ˵ʲô˿ǽ񹬺ˣֻҲû뵽񹬾ȻǹעһƸۡ
Ҫ֪΢Ķ˵һԼǷ˹أҪȥ֮λһ룬ܡ
˵˺ͺγڣ΢ӮǰҲԲܵеù졣
뵽д󶨡
Ͻڳѹ֮ǿҲԵֵа˵֮ܵҲл̤Ϊ½Ĵڡ
һԾԾԡ
ĿǰλҪֻ֮սˣγֻ̣еһһӮ
Ѷȿ֪
¹֮ѣҲҪԡ
ƺǰһźγ̹֣ǰָһ
Ǳߺγ̹һЦȶְɡ
ƺҲûпձ֣϶ǱȺγ̵͵ģΪǾһ£ϾƺӵʦˣΪڵӣƺԼĵ̣һӮˣټˣƺھпһԳλˡ
ʱƺ̾ͻΪڵһܼ
뵽ƺʩչֶΣųǧƽ־ǿȻҪһʤ
ܾտǲһ㡣ʮƽŵĺγ̺޾ɫ鵭Ȼ̧һУǰһɫŻ
һʧ˵ŵľ˵һй
ʱȴͷƺӻЩµģȻҲܱƵĺγʩչһС
ͼǾ޴ŷ·һһеĺڶƬ̣ƺӵʮƽͱԷһ롣
Ȼôȥƺӵƽ϶һʣ
ƽɺǬƺӴ˿ͻȻУͼʣµƺǻһ֮Ƭ֮ͽΧȫͷ·ƾһƬ
֮ȻԽŰڡ
ɱǹƺٴʩչͼŨУȻе𣬽ĺγĽʵʵͬʱԶŨһһɶ೤ǹ
ǹͬʵʣһ̣ѾǼɱγ̡
ɱп˵ĿȻóγûа취⣬ǾǱɡ
˵ˣһ㡣γ̻ǰӣûκνţͼһһա
˲䣬ŵоȻǴһɼΪǿǽΧУǴŵзⴥ֣ƺӵһա
һĻ˶֪ƺӿӸǺγ̵Ķ֣˵ƺѾǱɡ
ʱͻ
һҪŵ˲䣬ͻȻзɳһӰӰٶȿ磬ֻɲ֮ײںγϡ
ߺεΪȻǱͻȻϮŪĴֲǺ
ǧСںγ㾳磬ܽǿɲʲô˶ġ
γֻоͷʹҷ飬֪ǶϿ϶о綾̾Ϣһˡ
˭뵽ƺӵУȻޡ
һָϸ۳̵İɫСߣСϾȻͬ˿һëޱȣԴһǣͬһ㣬Ȼո˵γ̵ľСߡ
޳ܣǱ̴ôҲû뵽ƺӾȻģƺȴνеߣ˵òҪٶ÷͹ȫǳ۷Ҳֻ·һǰһҪСġ
ƺȻΪ⣬Ҳͷƻɹˡ
֮ǰ̶սᣬǿеޣΪϡ٣ÿһʵǿᡣ
Ϊ˶Ըγ̣ǿ˵ɷѿģרһߣȻ󻨷ѼʱС
ȻǴᣬ͵Ϯγ̡
Ȼ޳ܣԶҲ˵ѩȻڣãǿ϶ЧΪγһʼͷţƺþͲһˣγ̻С˶Էûһ˵
ºγҲ֪ȥȻвģûӣߵĶؼΪԵҲֻǿҪ϶ǲˡ
ˣƺӮˡγ̾˿Ȼ䡣
һζըˣǰսƺӡ
ƺȻ׼ΪӮ˵伫ȻսڶȻҲƬ֮Ӯӡ


һǧʮ ѹ
˭û뵽һϣŻܵ˳ףǺγƺӣ֮ƺӸӮӡ
˻ǿƺӵʵʵһǿӣ˵Ǻγǳ۷ˣֻıƣ׼ֶѡ
Ҳ˵һ£ƺһбڡ
һ£ǰУƺھѾռϯûܽȵǻ֮ƺڰڣ˻ӵλ
һ԰ڵˡ
Ȼ˺ƺӣҲûдս죬ʵ̫ǿˣǿ˹ϵĵһˣһλãû˸Һ
úܺã˴˿̳ƺ˵ҲһȻ֮ɫΧƺӦӮҡ
˵ˣҪսǣѶȿɾʹˡ
ǸոռƺӵֶΣжڴģзһ£ȴһҡͷԼͶԷȽһ£սƺӣ˵Ӯ
òһˣôȥ϶Ҳʡ
˾岻ʱǱӮѾıƺͻȻ΢ڵֵģûеһս
һ㶣ĵˣƺӴ˿ʢҪ΢鷳Ҫһ΢նɱϡ
ôмôһͺ΢г𣬶ֻҪնɱ΢ôͿԽסˣ϶ǲȥս
ٿ˵ı飬˾֪ӦƺӺ̶õ飬βȻûŹ΢
ʵ϶΢˵ҲˣΪʲôΪ֮΢ҪĲ֮ҪȡһһܰϮ۸մȨĿǰȨ֮󣬶΢϶аġ
Ա˵ƺѾԼ鷳ûУ΢Ҳϵġ
ƺӣȻԼǾͳȫ㡣΢ὣȥƺһЦ΢ֶѾˣɣαҽնɱ֪ƺڵĺ
΢úͶԷ˵ֱһնȥƺӲϲȻȡһ߶
˲ʱ䣬ƺΧʮɷΧ֮ڣȻƾճһڣ
ƯһŹֵ֮΢Ľȥ֮󣬾ȻǱЩ֮ڣ
ʲôȻԿ΢׽̾Ҫ֪΢׽ڶڴɱû˭ֵ΢Ҳǳ׽ϣ˳΢Ϊ׽ˡ
˿ƺӾȻпԿ׽ѵ˵ƺѹ΢ȡʤ
ὣڣʱһԾ˵ὣڣϽƵķרƽ
ȻҶó΢
ƺӹһЦûὣڣ΢ʦ֪ôһ˺רŽ͸ңԸ㣬Ҳˡ
һĻж֪΢ˣ˼ƺӹȻбͬԸγ̺һԷרԵĶԸ㣬ľߴ硣
Զ˵Ҫϻ΢նɱ
ƺӵͷȻ̧һץ˲ʱ䣬ǲؽڣзɳɫĽγ
Сģ˼״һὣڣϽƵķҲ˵ٶƵġ
ⷨȫһֳ֣ͬһǳôֵܵ
˸±ǣæ΢ԶԶġ
ٿ΢޾ɫһ̣Ȼǽ׽ڵϣһЩ΢Ҫʲô
Ƿ𣿻רһнðǿܲܿ˵΢ȡһȻ߶˹ȥ
΢ȥģǱӡ
ƺӵὣڣȷһ򣬾ȻԸһнͽ⣬֮
Ȼˣ΢Ҳֻ׽Ȼ΢ȫ֣ɿԽԷὣƣ΢ھ˷
ͬƺҪȡһ㣬΢Ҳȡɡ
ӡ
ӡҲϽƵķ֮ǿ΢̹ģʱͷδⷨԷӳǰΪЩ΢˷΢Ѿⷨ΢֣֮ͷʱǿֹٱ
ƺӻûӦͼӡϿ˲һ޴ɽȻȻ
㶣æӦȻˡ


һǧʮһ ɱ
ⲻһķӡ֮£ƺӵֶμֱֵһᣬвؽڣӡûн⣬ѹûκοЧһ̣ӡصȥ
΢ңǱŻˣû뵽΢Ȼ˵ɱ־ɱ֣ƺӿɲһˣʦֵ洫ӣԼҲҪꡣ
ֻǾҲʩȣӡȥ֮ʲôƺӣʲôὣڣȫѹ
ƺӵҲڲҽȻֹ
˶ƺӱӡѹʱֹѵҪ֪ƺӣƺڵĽӰˣǳ۷ˣȻôˡ
ԶʦҲĿɿڴ˭ӡ֪ģӡȻǿ󣬵Ӳһɵɸոյӡ֮ǰֹǿʮ
˲䣬ʦ뵽һֿܡ
΢ӡˣ
ⲻܣʦҡͷҪ֪ҲγԹӡյ͸ӡϽ˵µǲΪˣʦҪϧһд۵ĽΪֻвƿ
ոտʲô΢Ȼӡƺӣӡ΢ɴСֻ˵һӡ΢ˡ
뵽һ㣬ʦ͸оһļ¡
Ī΢ͲǳΪ
΢Ѿٸȥ鷳϶жԶܶԶֻתһ룬²Ȼܡ΢Ѿǻμʲôᣬ˵Էǳ
ӡ΢ġ
뵽ʦ֪΢ܿҲпɽˣԼϲ˽Ҳпɽ˭˭˵Լģ
΢߶ӡֱʩչ֮ͨǰӮһƺӻͺڶĿɿڴԼҲȥҲԵס΢һ¡
̫ˣֻ֮һϳˣû뵽΢԰ȻôΪûбŵϣǿǱ۸һףŭϽڳҲ˵ʲô
ȴǼϽҲΪ⣬һǺǾƵķ벻ϣһΪء
Ȼ⼸Ͻ۽ܸߣȻ΢ôһ¸סˣҲûж룬ƵķҲв٣ۺ졣
ǲۺ죬ۺˡ
˾һۺ΢Ȼҽƺɱۺ΢ӡ˭뵽ôһȻ˾޴
ǽⷨԼаȥսˡ
뵽˶ᣬ֮΢ҵɱƺӣǾǲݣȻˣԼ˵ʲôҲնɱ΢
ͻȻ֣͵Ϯ΢
˵Ҳһʦ˿ȴ͵Ϯʵ˲ݣʱҲܲôˣ΢ɱɼ΢ӡƺ֮Ҳ֪΢Եδǵֻ֣ǰˡ
⣬ӡûջȥѡʱǳãţԼȫ֣Ҫɱ΢Ӧòѡ
ƣʽ
˳־ƽͼһƴӿƣգĩһ㡣
Сģ
񹬼״æѣǱѾĺγҲǼæѡ
΢֮ǰƺӣγȻ൱ˣһǱƺӰˣһǱƺӿƣ˵Ķԩν˵ĵ˾ѡ
ֻٶȼ죬˿ѾѹһԽһͳǳشĨȥԽԲǧɷΧĵ涼ȥ
ǿĻûд΢Ϊ΢ٶȸ죬ɲ֮䷴һնһɽâ
âףЯ׾ͽ˵Ļ飬ǻ׽â棬ͬҵʯĵһ㣬˲飬â˵ɨʡ
Ľâ
ǼǰϽ˴˿Ҳ¶֮ɫһ΢
׽ȻԺ϶Ϊһ벻½˵оȻҲš
Ͻ缸ŵյӵʱҿ΢ȻΪĿꡣ
Ǹպ£νˮ¥̨ȵ£΢켫Ҫˡ
ƾʲôҪˣҿ΢ʺ񽣸󡣡
λ԰꣬ȱỹû΢ܶõڼ


һǧʮ 
˱΢׽ɨ֮һΪȻ𣬾꣬Ҳ׽±
˵ղһֱӾͽ˳նɱ
΢ȷǽȣϵؾŶ֮΢ʵһ㣬Ϊˣ˲ûи״ΪԽ΢ܣȴ֪΢Ψһܺʸһսֻ졣
΢Ҳֻһ֮аˡ
˲΢鷳΢ҲöԼ΢Ҳֻһն֮
һ˵ˣ˶˵ȻҪɱҲ練ơ
΢Ӧ飬ڱͲһˡ
˿̶¶֮ɫ
ǿƺڵ˰Ȼס΢һ֮ǰǱ΢ȭ΢ô˿ֻо־壬΢һѾϾ˺ͶԷ֮ͷǣ΢Ĺǹ񹬣΢º鷳ԼԲ΢ĵ֡
ˣðһᶨͷǾԶܺ΢ԣɱƣҲָ֣ԺֻܽύԲܵ
񹬵Ц⣬һʼҲǾޱȣ϶΢ӮˣҲǾÿ϶ҪһսУ˭뵽΢ֵزֻǻһͽնɱ
Ȼ֮΢֣ʱ񹬿һǱͬħһ죬аڵ΢˵Ŀѹ죬Ϊĵһ
ɢˣԷϲ˽Ҳбģ˲֪ȴǱ˭ѹ죬ԼԿԽͳŶԷ֮ǰԷ΢ִɾ͹Էһˡ
񣬿۸ųģʵĻǸϽ˿ģһЩϽھǴзֺӣȻϲ˽۸ʵϾΪЩϽڷģ˵ĺһǲûã˵һǾϽˣĹ֮λġ
˿ҲǿľҲû뵽΢Ȼƺӣˣһպյˣǳ۷ǿߣȻǽ΢ɱ뵽ԼΪ˴ѹ񹬶ɾ΢ϵ֣֪ˡ
ֿһ죬԰
ֻҪ΢һУʱأ΢ҪΪĵһͱ졣
жǿ൱ģһλڵ˿첻˳ۣҪѵԷܡ
ǳԲŻպգ΢ٱ̬ҲĶ֡
΢նɱ֮ȻڶڵԭĵĶϡ
˿̣˭ȥս΢̶ʱ΢ɱȻƺӣնɱˣ˭֮棿
Ҳ⡣
Ǳʦ˿ǰߵ΢ǰȻˣɮҪһʤȴ֮ǰԹоӡĹӮˣҶ˵̾ߣӡҲҪˣɮӮһаʽ˹黹ӡ
Χ⻰һ㶣ʦʲôʱô˵ˣȻҲһ۾ͿʦҲûףΪûףŻὫ̬ŵ͡տʼʱʦɲҲǿ΢ɱǳ۷ˣ֪΢ǣʦ˵ĺֻʤٸԼ·
΢˵ʦûʲô̫ĳԹֻҪԷ΢ҲϾɱ
ã
΢һãʦ˫ֺʮȻǾ͵һȡ²һ飬ָһ𣬴ֱӻһȼմһƾƯһתǬ任ΧѾǷ·˻һ㣬ͬȵ
򣿡սһϽ˺ǲм˵һ䣬Ը΢ûã΢ĽѾ˺һеľ磬򣬿϶Ķ֡
ҲδأʦǾŵ֮һͨǶ֪ģдͨģʦȻĵӣҲȻй֮һϽ˵
֪ˣǾĿ벻ʦȻҲһˣ񹦡һϽ̿ŵѿڶ

֪žͨģǻȻʦҲǶһ񹦵ģȷ˲ãΪҪ񹦣ĥľԼҾ˵ǿ


һǧʮ ɽ
΢Χɫ任ɫʱͼʦϾȻȼ𣬹ǣ΢ԼҲͬĻ档
һ΢üͷһ壬ⲻһ棬Է־Ѿ֮ķ룬Լ壬Ƭʱ䣬ҲȻˣʹޱȡ
Ȼֻǿʼ
˻棬к̹ǣԽѪסĺֺγɵѩƬ䵽ͨĺУֻһƬԽǧꡣ
΢һֱѾ˲䶳סһ߻һߺνǱ죬ʹͱˡ
ΧȻԿһУܿӰ죬һɫŹֵĿǰˡ
λȻûֱӶɱɴ˿ȴһַʽ
ǿҿǿ˭̰ˡܿ뵽ʲôãʦһʮ꣬⹦Ѿϰߣ΢θЩǶԷ
һԸżҲûãҲȥæ
΢˿ű壬壬ǲΣֱĻ־£ݷӦ˼άҲϡ
ʦ˿ͻȻ̧ƾʹ΢
΢״̻˼ʮغ϶ƷֿʦϺʹ֮ɫһ΢ǿ˿ؿһӡɫء
Ȼʦʩչָӳ˫ϣȻٽɱһѾϰߣָӰ˿϶ôд⣬Կ϶ҪԿġ
΢ͨһ㣬֪ʦͼˣò˵ʦȷЩֶΣǶսһĸ֣˵Ҳкܴʤ㣬ҲֲöԷһʮꡣ
΢ˣ΢ĵ̺ͨҲʦġ
Զս֮ȴ֪΢룬ֻһ΢˿̺·磬ʦݺѹƣƺҪ˶þͻ
ʦȻֶͨΣǶԸ˺ͺγҲ˳ʤˡ̾˵Ȼǹ˵˭ӮãҪù΢ӮԴ˿ǲΪʦҡź
ǼϽˣҲǾ΢׶༪١
ʦǴ˶Էһ䲻⣬ո΢ֻǿֵӣʮУذܡһϽ˶ԡ
벻ʦȻôһ֣ӦǿԻһ֮Ӧָտɴˡ
Ա⻰˵˭ӮԣֻҪ΢ӮС
ֻǷƱãϵľͻȻһ䡣
ԭռϷʦǿʮڽ΢ܣУ΢Ȼȫһƽʦˡ
ôܣôʦͲ壬΢һƲûнˣȴΪ𾪡
£ʦ˫أɽ
˵꣬¡졣
һɽһѹ΢ϣʦѾϰѹԲɽ΢Ǳ⧲һѹϣ˱ѹȥ
ţҲֻأأɽѹҲֵֻܵʮ£΢ûκξ飬¾ͿԽѹ顣ʦаֻÿڶѹ΢Ȼٶֽ΢ܣȻУֻʩչء
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ɽѹݺݵѹʦ΢ϣʦ˿ҲЩŲסѪ£Ҳֻǿ֧ţٿ΢ѾǱѹڵϣȻҲǱѹİݡ
ˣʦаʱ΢ȻҪվ
Ȼվüʦһæʩչߵɽѹѹȴ΢ȻǶЩ׽һɽѹվ
һʼ΢ӻᱻһѹͣ٣Щ޷赲΢ֱ
ˣʦޱȣҪ֪һǻʮĿ๦ǿֵʮɽѹ΢γܣôܰȻ
ֻˣʦҲû·ǻȥˣʩչغ͵ء
ҪһԽеĵƶȥ׻΢
أأħ֡
˲ʱ䣬΢Ͼͱ̣ʦ꣬˿Ҳɫʹ࣬סͷ޴ķ
ֵǵأɽʱʮϣʦ֪ԼһУҲԻˣΪ˻΢ֻһС


һǧʮ Ұ
һ̣޴ķֺȻ£쾧嶼ҵİȥһء
ξϽҲɫ䣬ĵʦݵģԱ˺ݣԼҲݣִ˵ǳˣڵ氤һ£Ҳ˲ܶ
˭˭Ӯڶ˶Ƕȥ̳ɢȥʦڵϣѾǻѪţˣȴһЦݣһ˿ѪΣɮӮ
һ˵һ΢Ǳ߿ȥһҪŵĻֱ˻ȥ
ʦ뷨΢Բֵܵסֹ²Ҳ˵ıԼأӦڵϰŶԡ
ڣ΢ȻվϵЩ֮⣬ȻǺ
ͼ΢Ƥͬ覣һ˿˺ۡԺĻʦ˵ȥˣֱ죬벻ףʵǰ
΢һץһɾ޴ϯԭƯڿеķʱһΧҲ˲ʧ
ʦﻹ֪ˣǳ׵ף̾Ϣһ΢ͷһ
ͨɮˣķڷ
ԣҲ֪ʦһʮĿԸ΢ҲǰˣҰܵļΪס
΢Ȼֵز
ղʦĿضס΢ȻֵܵأʦһʮĲ嶼Ķ֣һ˭ս
ڶ𺳣ٿ΢ѾǴ˾ηΪһʦչֳĿԳԽˣû΢ʦ¿ԳΪڶлս죬ڣ΢ܣ֮ҲսԵ֮˿̵ͷҶ΢Ѿ⣬ξԲ¶ͷԺٵ΢
ǱɫҲǼΪѿû뵽΢ȻԽֵزʦܡ
ֲǣԷƺûκˣǼλϽˣҲ¶֮ɫ֪΢Ĳ֮
Ī֪΢ˣ΢ĵһʱ֮ǰ϶Ͻ𷣡ŭѣʱҲûж켫ģ΢ڵٻֻҪڣԷͲܳΪĵһ
ҲΨһĵط
΢ǿδظս죬ֻҪսҲֻڶ룬˿۾һתѾǿڵ˷ƺӡˡʦѾǵ֮ڶ˻Ҫս˵𣿡
ô˵Ҫ΢ĵڶʵ
֮󣬸ǳ΢Ц֮ͨԸˣϲ˽磬ҲһЩѣ԰ﵽˡ
ôһ˵Ǳɫһ䣬ȻҪ»СС»ˣǴ㽻΢ĿľҪ΢׷飬һϽҲ˵ʡ
񹬽ŵĿ΢˵϶ǱȲģԷλҪߣԴҲ࣬΢ͶԷЭԼҪⷨλĿԾûˡ
ǳҧ촽΢ξ
΢˿΢Ŀ
˲֪Լ֮ǰʦؿҪ˵ûǺԲƵʦؿ¾ͱǸ΢ʦǿҲܺ
ʵ΢ȷˣȴҲø
Ȼ缫ߣһֱ΢о廹һЩ覴ãȻ΢ԼҲߴ״վ
һΣʦؿǰ΢߳һţͱһ㴰ֽ
΢ͷ·𾭹ǧһֱ˿̣Բ
ʱؿʱ΢ҲǼң˵ǹǶϽۣһ˲䣬ѹ֮¾ȻͻԲһ˲䣬΢ܣ֮ǰҪֻΪɺϣԲűΪ΢
˿΢˶Բ̬嵱Уеı仯ͲִͬЩ仯Ͳͬиµĵ
Ļһûȥ
ҲƤ񣬿΢û˵˼飬ȵ΢ɣĻ󣬾ȻЦˡ
΢εǣβ²˼Ҫǽţֻǲɵǣ΢֮ˡ
ûǿԶĸߴħٵ죬ûڵ죬ɸһս


һǧʮ ƾ
ף쳹쾧壬쾧µҲǾͷӦҪս졣
⾿˭Ȼս죿
ˣֱˣѵ˻ߺγ̣
ԣԣǸ΢ġ
棬ͷһϳǺǧѩ˲֪΢˵дϲԱ߰׽µҲɫ
˵Ҫս죿ǿǹϵµһˣһĴڰ
𣬶ɫ𾪣˲мΪ΢
쾧ϣۼʶ΢ˣȴôΪ
Ϊ΢չֳʵʸս죬пӮ
⣬΢һ仰ֱӴеĻ룬ɫǱļѿָ
΢ȻǹȻӣǴ
ããȻôʶ̧٣սɣû㣬µһˣȥǣҲǡ
һݻŭ˿Ҫ΢ôս졣
ǱԴ֮󣬱ûôע˵ȻЩֵһ
ֱ΢Ҫսſ΢һۡ
Ҫսң
ȻΪ죬һ䣬΢һЦûҲ˵ڶ顣
ã
һѾ˲䵽΢ǰڳģ˼Ͻ˺΢֮⣬֮ˣûпôģôͻȻ΢ǰ
ߣ΢̫࣬಻ߣ˵Ǵֿɼ
֪С˵ڴ΢ɱǼԵ˵Ḷ́˵ʮ㡣
˿΢컥࿴ţȻûж֣ڶѾס˫۽˫
ƺҲ࣬ʱΧķ·һضǼϽˣҲǲҴ´սǰ
˭֪Ƶıƴ˫˭ʾһʾ񣬶Խɱ϶ûԸȶ֣ڵȶԷж
ͬһĹң˿Ѿ̶ȣżʱܱϡ
ڶΧ˶Щܲסʱڣ˶ˡ
̧һȭ΢һȭûκιӳ֣Ҳûʲôֻ֣Ǵһȭһȭȴ׺ɱһǳ۷ˡ
ڳμ˵У˴˿̳ϵλΪߵľŵĵӺͺγ̣Ƕ˿һȭͷ̾硣
ң෨ҲԵֵһȭγ̸пһ䣬ԱҲˣһ־˷ȥұڱչذ꣬û֮ҲҪͻ
ã˼ãúÿ˱ȶɣҵΪҲкôγ˵ʵϣӵ۾һֱû뿪΢졣
˿һȭ类΢һȭ˻ȥ˽ȭֻܿȭӰٲ಻֪һ˲жȭײһ
޴ȭǽΧ˽ʮɷΧ֮ڵľʯɨ顣
ڱƴղ΢Ѿǿʦ˵Ҳ֮Ტۣû뵽ǣȻҲǿ󡣡һλϽ˳̾
˶½˵еľҿһЩ޳ˣҲδǣ³Ҳ˵Ķ֡һϽ˸пһ䣬Ȼ̾硣
ѾǼΪŵˣȻмϽ˺ǲмɷϵǣ΢죬кڽаʸ
˶ȭ
һȭӿֵ⣬Ⱪǣ΢ó춯ĳ֮֮ǰ΢Ϳĳ湦ڼѨУȻǷŸ޾ǣһ̣УȻһͷţһȭǳըһ㡣
һ΢ֱӴ˰ɣ˫ŸڵϻɵĹ֡
ãһȻϣʤϣ콫ⲻʶ̧ٵ΢
ҲаǿһЩ
΢סΣٻָҵϢԷһȭȷޱȣǽŨһȭ֮ϣκҪԼԲղһȭ¾Ҫˡ
ǿΣڵ΢Ŷ룬ԲߴףԪ񣬱˵죬ˣ΢Ҳ塣
ȭ
΢ס֮󣬸һȭȭŰɾ룬ȻؿըȻҲǽ˰ɡ
˳ν־ȻƾС


һǧʮ ̸
һξĵطһλϽסΣкȻ
ոձ΢һȭĽȭɨУȻǱĺһ
ǧСһϽˣΪڣȻǱֱԵȭһһ¿ɫļΪѿ
ˣаһһо߳ŭܿ죬侲ΪΧûע⵽˵Ŀ⣬ǿ΢ģҲ̷Ӧ
ֻȭͿԼһȭǴϣǴԼϣԼܲ
⣬޷ش𣬻˵ǲһش
ʲôЦҲˣֻǳôܡо˻ǽѹȥ֪˽ĳɾ;ԲԼᲢ۵ģ˵ڣԼǰҲδ˵Ķ֡
ֱ̬ǳ̬
˶ǡ
΢ӵ϶к΢νҲȡһѳ΢Ľɫףĵа޻֮꣬⣬ϸð޾ӰڵĵطѾ仯
񹬼һĻŵץȹڣҧ촽һ仰˵Ҳûǿ٣һ񣬿һս
˹ǰ׷ħ壬챻˳֮ΪĻǸ似˷ҲǶȫˣ²˽磬ˣ֮£Ҳֻ΢˵ипǧȻ֤һսûеõ֮Ҳǲˡ
ͬ뷨˲ŵĺγӣ̾
˫ĿޱϲгȻ󿪿ڵ΢׷ħһʩչҵǶѹֳ嶯⣬ǿѧ׵Դ޳֮󣬴ûһֵܵһСˡ
΢ͬޱ飬лѣҼʶһ׵
еʶӵɡһ̣˫ĿȻ죬ٶһȻǳ
̧һѾնɱ
׵޵еԴͷһʩչδһܹ˵ֻҪʩչһУӮġ
˾˵˵²˽Уµǳˣֵܵס׵ǰһٵģѾǸеĸ֡
ܵסǧģһ֣ǳ۷Ĵڣ˵ƺڵˣӦÿԵֵǧγҲ޼ڵӣǻֵһǧ
ֵܵ򵶵ģڻûг֡
˿ʩչ׵ʵ֮ǰǿ˺ֹһ
΢֮ƥУ˶ƬʱѾֵٵʱ΢ҲӦһ׵ȻޱڣԷֻǱء
ϣ΢һ̾Ȼ졣
߷·һ㣬õԽԽ죬ÿһεҲԽһʼֻǵɽۣѾնǬڱÿһնɱȥлγһռ壬ȵ΢ΧΧɷΧ֮ڣѾǱնĿռѷ죬΢ҲͨˣпƿֿռƵķԶܲ⡣
ֽһն
ǧ֮һ̧նɱȥһȻͬ΢һնĵطռ䱻һΪֲǣһնȥն΢ҲԽΧֳȥǿԽ֮ǰնĿռݣ΢ŵһƫƧңԶĿռ䡣
̶ֳȵֶΣ˿ӦԣŵĺγҲӦȻˣ΢ȻҲӦ
һȻ󲻵΢˵ֽһʲô첢֪΢ѾڶԪ顣
ڶԪ񣬾ˮ£
΢ȡ񾳣һգӱֽһնķռ䣬Խǧռݣʵģֻ΢ͶӰ
Ȼƽֽһãܺã첻ŭϲٴιɱ
ǧն
ǧȥ֮һն촫ʮףǡ
һ
ΧԿƣǳϣȻǿб⵶ģ¶΢ЦԿ϶ԷֱӵֵһУֻҪԷһնɱ
ֻһΣ컹Ǵˣ΢ȱˣΪ΢ϸ˵Ѿûлһ˵壬ں֮ĲȻ޻̸꣬ꣿ
£΢ץסᣬȥߵǵصĺɱȥͬꡣ


һǧʮ 򵶲
΢ķӦȻ٣ĵƻڣλ𼸺˲նһƬĻĻϴ׷Ȼǽ΢ĵƸɸɾ
ҵĵзֽ硢ꡢˮƷףɱ磬Կκζ֣΢׷ϧȴǵв׵ٿڣһοڣȻҲΪԼĵΪ⡣
΢ҲͷһμȻ˿ԽԼƵ
΢ֶҲֻߴףҲ壬ʱĹٶϯ
ǧˮһ
ǧƻһ

ǧ
˼սѾնǧֻ΢Ȼ쾪ĵն̧ͷδܡ
ʱͷһԴ޳׵ûȻֵܵǧܡ
ҲǿĿɿڴȻǶ֪Ҳûնǧƣնɱκǳ۷ˡ
ŽƥС
ڣ΢ûаܣȻϵױƵļ޹⣬΢Ʋ
ˣ
ͷһΣ˲ˣʱĵȻͣ΢ްơ
Ҳ˵һֶοҪþκβöԷӮ
ˮȻǿޱȣ΢Ȼǿ籩굱еһʯ紵ΡȻ
ɲһͷ
ˣɶģľǧ򵶣ǿĹɱ΢ǾԲֵܵġ
˿쵶âЯѹ֮ƣѹ΢ڳһѹƣѹ֮£ҪѹȻԲ󡣴ϿԿ֮ϣ޼ѹ񷵱УĵЯƣԴԴϣ쾧µڶˣǱһѹľָоǿԿͷ⵶ʱһʱʱ̿ĵ
ıѾǼΪأ˿նǧ
ɱһһնϼ£޴Ӷܣ΢ɱһնһ꣬һԡ
΢ҲǸоΣգһ΢ң֪ϸûνռһ꣬ǿһ似κʽȱ㣬򣬲ֻкõһ棬ûвõһ档
΢˿̿ѰҶԷһ
ܿ죬΢ҵˡ
ɱһϼȻ˫ȴе֮ԪڣǰƵԷɱһӭж⡣
΢ս߶񾵣˻һͬʱʩչһָ
΢һָƶԷâֻâеϡ
ۼٶȣȻ΢ʤһһָжԷâϣǻһ㣬ɱһһϿʼ߽飬ЩϼĭӰɢ
ʲôɫ䣬û뵽ԷȻԱ֮ʩԼĵâϡ
Ȼ΢۽磬ѰᲢ۵ģ漸Ͻˣ˿ҲĿɿڴ۽翪֪ʶԨģ춼û΢һеá
ð죬һϽ˷Ӧ΢ǽɱһԴȻǿ߽⹥ƣ˲ðѵõǣ˼룬ȻõҲ뵽ɣ
ֹոҾ룬ɱһƽ⣬벻취Ҳ΢һϽвʣ棬ɫҪһЩ
ʣȻ˷ܵĲˣ΢һһָ˻ʤϣ
֮෴ǣң˿̴΢һЩɾĵâѣֻǴɣ´ο϶ɹ˶ȵĻʵǿ˭ȡȡĺá
⻰Ѿûȥˣ¾ǼϽҲüͷһ壬ǲϲ
Ƕ˵ãȻˮƽޣȥ֮ø۸˸ûʸ½۸ĸ
˿̣ѾһҲǵһ򵶣һ
һһһ
˲䣬΢Χ뵶Уճɣʹǰ濪ʼ顣
֮ڵһУǿһһ硣
һ޷һУΨһķţ
һһ𣬶ɲ֮䣬˭
һжԸĵˣûйһģҲ֣Щʩչһеʱͽˣʩչģŵ
һ⡣
ıҲֻɲʱɣ΢һеɽ壬˿̶ƾʧ·ûгһ
ˣӮһɫû˵꣬ͷ֮ϾͰһȭһȭֱӽӸ߿մ䣬ݺ쾧ϡ


һǧʮ Ŷȭ
һĻˣ̫ͻȻֱȻΧʮɷΧڶҵȥޱȵ쾧嶼ѷ죬ƺܿҪ̮ʱǲŷӦ
æһ̧ͷ졣
ȴ΢ӿͬ·һ㣬ȻУеӶһƬհס
΢ȻûǱһ£ôܣ
ղҿǿģ΢ȷǱ뵶磬ŵһ𣬲˵ڵˣһľ뵶磬Ҳ΢ôܻţ
ȷţҿǿˣղŶȻʲôûע⵽Ҹո΢һȭɲ򵥣֮ǰóʹõȭһָȭղҷоŵӰڿУǲۻˣ
Ҳˣȷоŵ󶦵ӰӣĪ΢йϵ
֪˵첻ǵ֮һȭȻδܽ塣
·ΪӦһ仰㣬ӵУһŭһӰײʯ졣
ղѾǲŵ̱ڵϣΪˣֱʱּ𣬵˿
ãã첻ôװܵģлᡣ
ץסһݣѾû֮ǰ侲ģ˿̵֮ͬ񣬽ŵĶеˡ
΢ͷһѪȻһԼľŶȭˣƺս
΢Цˣ죬Ϊͣһˣգ㲻ҵĶ֣ղһȭȭڣӦ֪ٴɡ
챾ŭ쳣˿Ҳ𽥵侲ȷͬ΢˵ղһȭ
ʼǧʱ⵱Уûмȭ
ƺžȭһǿһأһֺһزͬȻԵֵһȭܵش
ͬ΢˵ٰһȭɡ
侲Ҳ뵽һ⣬΢ôԼıһӳģ
ô룬벻ͨеĵ˿Ѿȫ΢ѹƣȻ˻ΪԼһս֮ʵԼղһȭе̣ʱٶԼԷһжס
ԭ΢Ѿǿֵز
뷨ȻҲû˶־еɻ⿪ǣ쿪ʵ΢δҵӳģ
ӣ΢һЦûӣ˵һʼҾûнĵ磬̸ӣ
ܣ켤۾Ϲ΢ǱԼĵ磬ô˵ûС
£΢ҲûϾҲûʲôġ
̧һץ΢ץһͭ
ǣһ㶣û뵽΢ȻͲһͭʲôģ
ҵڶԪ񾵣֮صҲ˵Ҳ֪㿴ǧʱҾͽýΧ¾ˮ֮Ƕ㣬Ƕ쾧ɽɽˣûڵˣУδס
ĿɿڴѾǷӦҲ˵΢ǧʱѾǲ»þ˵ֱһЩֵ΢ֻһͶӰһ΢˶ɱˡ
뵽жˣжֻ۾΢Ȼһ㣬첻ز£˿ҲǸоһɺ⡣
ֲ̫ˣνɽɽԼΪµһˣû뵽бԼĴڡ
ҷˣ˿̹һЦ΢һݣ첻ˣʰ·磬ˡ
Ϊݳȥģ쾧壬쾧Ҳ
Ļ˶ըˡ
Ȼˣ
˼飬˼飬ˣ˵Ϊ˵ʵѾǺڵ޼Ȼܸ΢ʵ벻ͨ벻ͨ
𾪣𾪡
뿴΢춷̵ˣ뷨ͲһˣΪ΢ֶκһ£ǵڶ֪΢ôĵġ
˿ͦס̱ڵϣ֮ǰһ˿ң䣬ѾǽһҲǻķ顣
ˣˡ
ǸڣôżĶԸ񹬣Ҳڷִ΢Ƕһ²˽۸󸱸λÿ϶Ǳסˡ
񹬣˿Ѿ˷ޱȣ䣬΢һԽ½ʱ򣬿ԳΪ²۸ܸʱͿԲĸľڡ
΢죬Ȼûһ˵սȻǳΪڶڵҲڽ΢һսıȶ̫ƽֵһᡣ


һǧʮ ֮
Ľܿʹ˳ȥʱѾ²˽磬𶯡
𶯿˵ǰδеĴƺӣȫնɱǱһɱʦڴˣ𾪵ǣҲǱ˻ܡ
ЩһǺպ˸֣Ҫôһ֮ҪôǴھǹϵµһˡܵİܣͬʱ΢ĴҲǳ쳹²˽硣
һʱ֮䣬ҳǰݻ΢˿˵ǲһǺѾڣΪ˭֪һٷְٿԻ֮˵ܿ죬΢ˡ
Ϣƺڣ²˽Ĵڣ𶯣ĿɲͨĳϺ͵ӣĵմӻиˡ
֪¶ƺڵӰж
ӴţΣ󲿷˵Ӷܱ򶨣Ϊǵƺڵƺ˻ڡ
ƺ˲ƺڵĶ룬ˡ
˺ƺӵ̫شƺڵļλϱƺ˱չأϢ
ƺƸƣɽԶƺ˵׳ΰޱȡ
ƺڼϴ˿̹ĹƵ֮⣬ӡֻΣ֮ʲ죬ҲΨһƺ˴ӱչķ
Ƭ̣ͼƵ߳һˣһ£ڣһͷ׷ƮȴǰϣһȥƺӻҪˡ
ֻǿ˳֮ƺڼǹ񣬲κβ
ӭء
ϵУǳ۷Ϊɴ˿̶СġȻ˾ƺˡ
Ϊӣƺвƽޱȣһڣϲκǽ龭һһ
֮ƺѾüͷһ壬ô˵ͽܺʦܶˣʵϣһ΢նɱ
ϲ̧ͷͷǡ
ƺһαչأΪһֻǳĲִ٣ˣȻǱչأģͽܺʦܲ⵱ʦʦֵģ֮ˣǽѣƺҲˣȥս֮΢ƵҾһս
ƺǻ֮⣬ȻҪ׷˭˭Լͽܺʦܿ϶дռ˴ͷ۶ԴѾû塣
ƺˣƺ΢ܳʲôĿģɱͽܺʦܣһ˶ֻ
ѭҲг𱨳ԹԹһЦ֮ԼΥΪҲٲ
ʵϣƺαչأҲƿչأ岻û뵽ؼʱ̾Ȼôһ
ƺ֪ܷͻڵֻҪ΢նɱһñƺͷͨҪǣ΢һ֮ʱȻһڵڳΪˡ
Ͻʹ֮ǿĺöƺξҪԱ壬΢֮
֮ԸԷʱ䣬ƺҲ˼ǵģʱ䣬Խ֮ڣ޷Է᲻ԼܶԷ֮󻹿Խû֮
Ҳ˵ֻһӶѡ
ڶԷʵƺ˲ģ΢죬ҲǳֻҪбʤġ
죬ƺԼս΢Ϣʹ£˿̣΢ûд쾧Ѿõһ֮ϸĦеİ
΢һͬĦģŵĺγ̡
֮ǰȶγռõֻλҲõһ֮ϸȥ˵õ֮ͬ
Ȼ΢õǸΪõĴ֮γٲҲֵ֮Ƿ
֮ǰĹǰɽ쾧ֻ֮֮Żɽʱ˵ʱ˷ܣܸˣ˵΢ͻ𣬸˻ᡣ
Ѿʧǵ뿪ˣò˶ãҪʧơǼϽˣҲǸ΢¸֮뿪ǧСϽ˵죬죬ֱǰţΪϽŵĵӡ
΢˵ȥҲ˵ȥΪԼĴ㡣
ε֮΢֪⣬֧Լһ΢Ҫ뷨ȥʵϾʧء
ʱƺ˵սҲ΢С


һǧʮ Ϊ
֮ƺԼս΢Ƶۣ֮΢ս飬Цƺ֮ģ·˽֪
Ҫۣ˻Ȳ΢Ҫ֪΢һ·һСС˳Ϊһɵۣһ·ıƲ֪٣ƺˮƽҲ¶ѡ
ԱҲ֪ƺҪԼս΢һϴֵģ˿ȴǿŵ
ƨԼսҿԼսǼ٣ͼı֮档˵꣬ԱߺγҲǵͷ֮ԼŵܴĪϵ
νʶ΢Ȼ˽飬Ȼ°ޱȣķһˣҲĻ⣬ˣٻģǾЩˡ
ںγ̣ҲΪֱϸ˵ŷҪǿƺڣγҲΪ䣬ΪȻ൱ƷȴǳԷ̫ࡣ
Ƕ΢ʾã΢Ҳǧ֮⡣
Ȼ컹Ǻγ̣΢ǰȥӦս΢ȴһЦҲȥңһֺαΪʱ䣬϶ʱ䣬ֻʱ֮ڣܽΪǣĿ⣬Ϊ飬ҲֱЦ
΢ԣͺγ̶һ㶣΢˼ѵ֮֮
ôܡ
ȻǶҲţҪ֪֮ͬѰҪû붼Ҫ룬Ҫ֮ͨͻƵҲһ굽ꡣ
ⶼǿģȫڿЦԲܵ顣
΢Ȼ֪Ƕ룬˿̳ŵ˵ȥƺ˻ػ˵΢֮ȥƵһս
˲ɣ
Īмƣ
γ̺ҪֹȻˣʹһæȥҪƬ̣΢ȥӭսϢͻᴫ¡
ˣΪǸߣտѵǴǳΪȥԸƺˣ΢Ա˭΢ͣǾǿǳΪԿˣ˵ԼľŶȭڵˣҲԵס
ô˵γ̵뷨ҲһϾʱ䲻֮˵ͻƾˣԶΪ΢ǴǳΪȥսƺˡ
ɣǻʱ𣿵ʱ˵΢һЦν˵ȻǶ֪΢ֶͨΣ΢ڶ֮еͨеͨŶۼҶ΢񻯣еؾŶʩչڶ֮֮Ҳδز֮
˽˴Ϊǣ˲֮֮Ϊ˶һΣ΢Ҫ֪ϣûʲôܵ顣
΢ӦսϢȻʱڴˡ
ɽµȴ΢ĺǧѩ׽µһɫʱ䣬ܴ֮ϻʲôôǴƺ˲Ҫ
ʱ񹬴쾧ˣͷһ仰ǣμ֮ǰ˭ΪܶȡĵһˣһΣƺʮа˾ҪʯͷԼĽţλ˵ѣܲ
һ仰˵ĺǧѩ׽һ㶣漴ǵͷͬ
˵̫ˣҪ˵ǧѩһ·΢ɳģ˭΢˱飬ܲﵽڵĳ̶ȡ
ƺ΢ûʲôǲܡ
񹬱Ѿ뿪쾧ɽ۸Щ飬Ҫʼˡ
֪΢Ӧƺ˵Լս֮󣬺ܿ˸ƺڣҪĿ⾪һս˭֪΢Ȼһõ֮֮ڲ֮ܽҲ˵΢Ǵǳ۷Ӧսڵƺˡ
һͷעĿˡ
ߣͷһܵƺڿʼţ֪һսӰж
ע˶ˣȻۣ˵ʲôĶУбг˥΢һĴƺڹϵǳЩںɢǵһ˥΢ģ˵΢ֻǹ֮ɱǿ͵ϮԸƺӺǿıƣƺ˵ս飬ʵ΢ǰǸʦ緶˵ƺӺ΢֣֮ŵǸ֮е飬ǿͷлҲӦãԷȴǸ⣬ʵǿԴ󣬲ɾҩ
˵΢֮ھͿ֮Ҫ̤ƽƺڣ˿ǰȻʷ
΢ֶ˵¶˵΢ɱ̫أϣλǳ۷ֶ΢֣֮ɱ֮ˣƺ˸ʱѾʴȣӦ̽նɱ


һǧʮһ ɽϹ
Ⱥ˵У׵ģɽϹ֡
²˽統УɽϹҲһˣ˽ǳ۷壬ƺ֮ǰ˵еǰλĸߡȴޣϽ˶޷
˿ƺ⣬ɽϹֵڶ˵˷ϹֳɽΪһЩ˿Դ󣬴֮ǴڣǴ˵棬һ˭ܼ̤ģǸ΢˸ں֣ΪǸҰ˾˲һʵϣֵһᣬĵ̣ڴڡƺ֪ģҵĺ󱲣ƺΪλ΢Ტ۵ģ΢ʱ䣬ǣʱ䣬ǰϴֻҪϴƺ̫һʦ˵Ϊ΢в׷һãȻԴ󣬻ӦսҲ䣿˷Ҫ΢ôģƺ˲ֶԸ⻵˹صСҾͳֽѵѵǰԶǰСվС
ɽϹִ˿ݣ̸̸һȺͬ뷨ˣЩ˴ҲǳѾõ˸֣һҪôɢޣȻǶԺճ΢սڵϲ˺ܴ
΢ȷЩˣϾһ֮Ȼ͵Ϯֶν˼ɱʤ֮䣬ܱӡһǰҲǳ˵һѵС
쾧ɽ飬˺һǽ΢˵һ͵ϮŪıƻʤıСˡ
Ȼ˺ϣҲһ㡣
֪ܿܲ˵ǰ㣬ϾĵһԲֻıƾȥǾҪʵϵġ΢ƺڽһЩϸںҲ˴ֻҪϸ˽⣬ͻ֪ȫƺˣԳִڣ۸ˣᵽϣ΢һһĽڵȫ˺ȥ
˵ֱһ㣬ƺθܣܶﶼţǣԼŵ˴£˽֮󣬾Ӧõ͵û뵽ƺ˾ȻԼս΢Ҫ¸
Ը⣬Ҳвܿס
˵ƺ˵ĿģͲΪ˱ʲôģΪ֮
Ȼ⻰ɲҽƺȻƺӺˣǴڣƺˣ£˭վ˵
ϻˡ
ɽϹ֣ϣʲôʲô֪ʴʣ㶼ûȥҲ˼˵˵ʱվ΢ƽˣһȻӡ
ûõ֮΢ѾǴĵ۷ˣ쾧ɽȥʦȻƺͦ΢
Ҫ֪⣬ɽϹ˵úߴΪջ𣬲ɽϹֲҺӶ֣ϾӵıҲ˵Ҫʵƺ֮ϡ
ԭӣȻǴڵӣΪҪά΢Уʦôģһ㶼û֮ģ֪ɽϹŭ˵һ䣬һϼƷΪҪʲôûʲôƺ̴۸΢˷ɱǾȡ㵹ã˵˵ҪƺڵĴȣֱ
ѹܱģʲô˵ʲôʦģпɽڣη塣
ɽϹıð̣治Һֻ̣ҲС֮棬Űɣ΢мＸܵеùƺ˵ߣСվС
ҲƥһԣǽϸڽΧٺѣǲҪƭ
ʱһһȥ֧΢ͷ΢γɱ𣬼ÿ춼ƺս
ʱ䣬ƺʼû¶棬Ȼǵ΢Ż֡
ǱɽϹ£˼һˣȻǿ̿ڣ΢˾ȻǲΪƺվ̨
ʱ䣬ʵǲܿ͵ˡڵʱ򣬾ۼƺ֮µˣѾ֮ڣȻĽǰսд󲿷ֶȥˣȻ֪΢ȻҲ΢Ͼʱ䣬֮ܽһôƺ˵Ķ֣
ͬʱ쾧壬һʣ΢Ϊ׸ƺڵĳ棬ͺγλһۣǰͻȻ֮ʱˣ˺ƺ˵һսǴǲŽпϧ
γҲǶ˱ǰֻ벻˾Ȼֻʱ͡
˵γǾη;壬һҲһı飬ϵıܱľһ֣


һǧʮ 
ʵǲС
ʱ䣬ǿ˵ǽ뿴΢ı仯Ȼ΢û˵Ƕ۾˶ܸܵ΢ʵ
ͬչᣬһ㡣ڸղţǷ΢ͷ֮ϣӿһǹâֱ
Ȼ΢û˵ʲôǶóգ˲չֳ
жðһѹŵ΢ѵʱ֮ǽ
ôܣ
ǿһգͺγɲţǹִʵֲ̫ˣֹǰδУ붼顣
Ϊˣͺγžж֮Ķ΢ȥһƺڣҪۿ΢ûн
¶˵ʮҪ˵ҪΪ΢ֻ֮ô˵΢ȻһֶͨΣҪô΢ͷһǶҪ΢ùϵǰʦѧҲԡ
һǵҲܴǱˮʯ
˵߾ߣԥڰ·ϣ˶ڻḶ́ʱȻרԼ֮Ҳչ۲΢΢ʱǰԼоŵ񶦸֣΢İڡ
ʱǿǰͻȻһ·һƬƯڿе˿һ㣬һĻŵֹ
ɱ⣬СǧҪγ˵ԱҲ֪ɱ˵һγɵĲֻ֪֪γ֮󣬿γʮﵽĹͬһϣѰ˱˵ȥһ¶ö˵ֻˣ֮ܺ俪ɱ⣬Ӳйȥ
˿̣γ̺ȻҲõ֮ҪڱϾǣǣҲӲɱ⡣
׼ƵеʱͻȻǷʲôɫ䣬ȻǿٷɱϣγһҲһ㶣֪϶ǷʲôȻðչȥԺ֮£Ҳ˹ȥ
ȵǾ޴ޱȵ֮󣬺γҲˣ۾һĿɿڴΪֵ磬˿Ѿûôȣϵı֮ӡ
ǰ޴ɱϣһ޴Ŀ
˸һ½ɱ£ϻŵ׹⣬ѾǺԸˣ˭ġ
ˣ
ﶼһֻ֣΢Ǹովģټ׹⣬˵ٷ֮΢ɱ⡣
ҪɱϣٶΪֻ֮һ㣬ͺγ̶һۣ˿ѾŪľ۾ֻпЦ
ô˵˵ˡγ˵Աͷû˵һʼӿһɶ־ܿɢȥ
Ȼ˿죬Ҿ׷׷ϡ롣
֪΢Ѿ֮ٶȸ죬üʱϵƺڣ֤һս
ٶȲ΢ǲ̫ࡣ
ƺڣǰɽϹִ˿һȻȻϣ΢һ޳ܵСˣ˵ӦսȴǲټҿǺ£Ų
в˶ǴͣЩ˶ٶƺйȻƺ˵
֧΢һȴǶҲ΢ǲǲ΢ǵҲˡ
ɽϹһǵ⣬βİƺҲԼ˼صһĴڣ˼ɱֺƺڣʱֻҪƺ˳˵ͣͿԴ»СȻһ涷شڡ
Ϊˣ¡
ʱƵǱۣͣɽϹָһĿȥȻ˵ƺҪˡ
ӣ˿Ҳǵͷ񣬲ô˵ƺ˶Ǵˣ˭ĸӦе𾴡
ͼƵ߳һˣɫȻϢӴһ˳ѹڶеϢϵƺ仯ԭƺ˿ȴԾѡ
ǿϢֱʦһӼƺˣаһƣһԵ֮ģж΢ӦսҲһ
ˣͲ˵ˣƺһ֣ѹɨ˳룬΢˶ǣҲԲƺ˵Ķ֡


һǧʮ ƺ
֣Զǳ۷Ტۣڳовǳ۷ˣ˿ƺһ֣Ƕޱѹȥ
ƺ˵껹˵ʱƺҲǴڣֱƺ˳ɾ֮ƺһԾΪڡ
ˣǧ
˵ƺڣӿԻĸҲ˲ƺĸΪƺһ˵ϡ
֮
ֻҪƺڣ꣬ͿһƺӣֻҪƺڣ˵λҲʱ
˿ƺһɨȻ֮ǰԼս΢һ죬֮ǰ΢ˬԼˣֻܰչأȥ΢֮±ӻĳҲ̤ƽԴƽϢ˵ŭ𡣡
ⷬƺ˵Ȼʮ㡣
û˻ƺ˵Ļ΢ȻӦԼǲϷŪˣȷ൱ءƺʲôǶоݣ˵ԴС
˿Ȼϳ͡
ɽϹȻ֮һ
ƺ˵ûѾСʶȤֻܹԼĸҲĺǣҪСɱҪ֪˲ƭɽϹֳɤӺ
ûۣ
棬ƺһϵ˴ţ֧΢ˣ˿ɫÿӺ֧΢ģֻʱû˵Ͼƺ˾ڳʱͷȻͷ
뵽΢ĿֲӻǶ΢ģ૵ûм΢ֵˣԶ֪˵Ŀ£һоŶȭҲԵס
Ƭ֮󣬰ȻƺͻȻӦ̧ͷһƲԶĵط˿һ׿ٷ
׵ٶж죬˵ֻɲ֮͵ˡ
޴ֱӽƺһȱڣһѾǺƺˡ
õƺһһӣһָ
һָʵ޻ȴЯַ·ָ񷶼˱仯֪һָ˹ȥ
˲䣬ƺһָһ׺һ
촫˵˶ûзӦһͽѹ˺һɽϹ֣ǳ۷ǿߣҲһ
ƺ˻ףһҲһֳһӰ
΢
ʱգ΢׿˵ǴԿˣе˶֪Ӧþһ΢ˡ
΢Ȼˣĸ
˼һ˵׺ƺˣǵȷ˹Ŀ࿴Ȼ΢ѹƺˡ
кϷˣ˻࿴һۣС˵΢Ȼʢ֮ʿȷڻ΢ʵΪֻһǶ֪֮
Ҿ֪һҲ˿˵ȻǸϣ΢ӮϾƺںҲԸӶ΢ҲΪ塣
΢ɽϹ۾ʵ΢ѹûдɽϹ֣΢ֻΪһĿģǾǻƺˡ
΢ûɽϹϹҲסˣԳݣǰһҪڴȴ΢̧һָ
һָƿնֱӽɽϹִɳȥǧ֮һײķ̮
һĻڶ˶ǵһƺҲͫһҪ֪ɽϹǵȷʸˣƺ˵ɬʱѾǰһȻôΪû֮ȿ˵ѼôһˣȻǱ΢һָܣĺ޻֮˵ȥûţȴǰ顣
һ˲䣬ΧѻȸȻ֪΢ǣ֮ǰɽϹϴƺڵĴȣ΢û뵽˼΢ֻһָ·һֱ˵ĲӬһͽɽϹִˡ
ֻƺ˲ѹԷˡ
Ǳƺ΢Щ̫ˣɽϹǰһȻǽǲˡ
˵꣬ƺ˫ſ£Χƺ·ӦĶһǿƳޱ޼ʵƺͻȻǷɳƽһ޴ޱȵĽ
ƺƺľѧ˵Ҳֻƺİ֮һЩмʶʧе
ഫƺʩչǬǱ޿ɱܣ㶼ûط࣬ƺ󽲾ľ޾΢ǳŲһˡ
ûֶΣ̫ˡ


һǧʮ һȭǬ
ӣ˿ҲɫѿΧڶƽֻоޱȡ
ƽжٱ֪ഫ޾ǲնɱͻԴԴ˵ǱɱһаʦƺҲ𾪲ѣȻƺҲǶ΢ΪɵȻһʼʩչƺѧ
Ǵһоͽ΢ɱǰ¶޵ơƺ˵ȷƺһƺ˿ԴԴϵƽѾǲ񷣬飬·һ޴ĸһ㡣
ƽɵ񷣬ЩƽһɱֻҪƺԸ⣬Խ˶һնɱ
˵Ȼͬ졣Ӱ̾һ
ԶĴУɽϹְ˳΢һָɣ˵˶ֵˣҪǶӡ
Ƕ˴ӡ
ˣ˼һǰҲ԰ϣǰ˵ķ緶̬
죬ڸղţеϺӣ΢һָķ顣
֪ɽϹж΢޲̽΢Ƥǹǣйͷֻޡ
˿һƺʩչƺ󣬵ϲ
ãðƺ˵ľѧƽǬ꣬һͬ˶նɱο΢ðã΢ߵˣϷ쵰ôɽϹִһ䣬Թ֮ɫվһԹս
ٲԼ΢ˣɵ΢һָܽ˳ӣ˵ԼͶԷĲ̫ˣѶԷëˣԷһŭ֮ҪԼǿû˵ȥ
Ҫţ΢ƺնɱ
ƺ˵һҲţ֪һе˵ʩչȥ΢·
֪ƺˣͬ뷨϶΢Բƺ˵Ķ֡
˵ʱʱ죬ƺѳɣƽѾǽ΢˷ȫΧ˵΢Ǵ󲿷˴˿̶ϰ£ƺҪͼı죬˶Դ
Ψ΢ޱ飬޾ɫ
һƺ󣬹ȻܵеùҵľŶȭ΢˵ǱҲȻûнƺ
ڳ֮ˣҲֻ΢ôƺ˵
΢Ȼ󣬵в˶˲䣬˶΢˵󻰣ƺ꣬ȻǹһЦ쳤ϣ㰮ô˵УҪ㣬ǿҲסһУţԡ
Ծԣ΢ԡ
ƺɫһšһ˵΢·һ˫һѹǬƽ޾ɱ
ʩչ΢΢һŵɢһ㣬ɲǿЦģ־ÿζһЩùǣǿɲԸⱻ
֮֮ͬϣȻǷ·İ۱һ㣬ͻȻ
ƽ·һ㣬ţȫ΢ɱ
һ˲䣬·Ǭ΢սѹֱϢΧ˸ŵɢӣûһ˸ҽӽ΢
΢ȻҲܸܵһȷһЩƣ˿ͷ죬Ȼڳһʽ
û˼΢õʲôлڲ²ʱ΢Ѿһȭ
˲䣬ȭϾȻǽƣ֮΢оŶֶȭƺĳַŭͲּ֮΢һȭȻǿԴƣֱӺƺΪؼĵط
·ƽֵסһȭոսӴͱķ飬ɲ֮䣬ƽѾʮ
Ŀɿڴƺƺǵסһȭôܣ
΢һоŶȭֱӺ֮ϣƺҪɲ֣ҲΪĵطһ죬ƽɵľ޴񷶥ֱӴһϿʼ飬ڼ˵ʱ֮ڣƽ飬Ǹоضʼһ㡣
ƺɫΪѿҪֹȴǷ΢һȭֱǰδֲ֮ԼҲֹ
ɫΪѿɽϹ֣˿һĻŵǻ촽¸ûꡣ
һȭǬһȭǬ̫ˡҲǼޱȣܼ֤һ̣ԼΪҲǼ洦
Ѿ˵ĿɿڴĿһС
ԣ΢ոշһȭʱչֵΪǳӵеģһȭģ֮ܣʱ䣬ôܡƺ˴˿뵽һֿܣɫ䣬ԭĵȻ޴档


һǧʮ 
΢һȭǬƺķ飬һĻ̫𺳡𺳹ϸһ¹̣Ǿˡ
ո΢һȭޱȣзֻ֮֮ܶһֿܣǾ˲õ
֮һ㲻ˣʩչ˾磬ǳ죬һһǿ󣬶ǿһ㣬֮
ǳͶ㣬ǳ֮֮ǰɼֶζҪǿ̫࣬Ͼˣͳһ
ʲô˵Ҳһǳֻ֮ʣ֮ȻǱǳ֮ǿöࡣ
ΪˣϲŻôһ˿֮֮Ȼֻһ˿ȴһ֣ԿԽǳɳĻ֡
˿̣΢չֳľ֮
һȭƺ΢ϵ֮Ҳӿȼ𣬿˵գ֮ǰƺ˵֮˿£Ҫʤһ
Χ˼һĻһѻȸʮֿ΢ˣҲû뵽һĻ
ʱһ·׷ĺγ̺ҲʱϵˣǴ˿Ҳǿ΢ӿ֮𣬿һĻȷ֮ǰĲ²⡣
ˣȻˣ
˽ܣҰˡ
γ̺춼Ǵڿʼ΢ˣҪ߳һ˵Ƕ˽Ҳһղǣ΢ͱϹϾ
ΧڶҲӦǵȻˣ΢Ѿˣг𾪣о¡
УԶѾĿɿڴɵ۵ɽϹ֡
û뵽΢Ѿˣһ뵽֮ǰԼȻϵ΢ѹ΢ɽϹֻоһӽŵװп־嵽㡣
ԭһλƺˣ΢ҲǶ֣΢Ҳˣ΢ӮˣԼʲô³
ɽϹ붼롣
ͬ뷨˲ԭ֧ƺ˵Щˣ˿Ҳ࿴һۣٶ˵һ䡣
ƺ˿Ʊ΢ϴžֺͲ⣬Ƿŭ
ȷŭԼս΢Ϊ΢õһ˿Ͻ˴µ֮֮޷ģֻҪһ֮аճڡڣȻ΢Ѿ
˵ʲô
˵΢Ѿһ˿֮
Ҳζˡ
⵱ȻЩ߳ŭͼƺð֮˲ѹ΢ͬʱҲǶ˱Ű֮
΢벻ȻѾҲãƽƽʱҾɱ㣬Ҳ˵ԴСƺ˴˿ĶɱģǺ΢ǣδϣˣûһ֮ҪϣѾã
һ΢֮ǰնɱƺӺ˵飬޷Ŵֻһͷ
ɱ΢
΢ƺƷǣȴƵᣬǺ޾ɫɫƽԴСܴ󣿿Ц֮ǰƺ󶼱һȭ飬仰ӦҶ˵Ŷԡ


Χһ΢˲ƺӣпͬʱҲǾ岻ѡ
Žţˣ˼֮ǰֻǳ۷Ϊ֮Ѿڵˣٶȣ˵û˵
΢ˣּ顣ͬ˿˵ǰ΢֮ǰһȭƺ˵ľѧ˵΢ǿԷһô˵ûʲôס
֪У˵̬˱仯
΢֮ǰ˶Ϊ΢ֻǳˣôƺˣ϶ǵһͷ۵λΪʱ΢˵⻰Իᱻ˳Ц˵΢˵󻰡
ڣ֮ǰ飬΢˵ⷬû˾΢˵󻰣˼˵⻰ıǮ
ƺ˵Ҳ
ǲࡣ
ȻƺĹǺ΢Ҳ֮Ǳȹ˵
˵꣬ȫ֡
һȡһɽɽƣһƺڵƽ
ഫƺ˴ϲ˽һߣȻвɼķ˷ɵ񽣡
ƽһƺ˵Ѿﵽ˶㣬Ȼǳ΢ܶ࣬΢ոսҲûжƺ˱ƴƣʤĹؼҲȫϡ
΢Ҳֳ׽̺ƺ˶һ
ƺ˱ϾˣǴֶ֮η࣬һ֣ǧһƺĽѹ΢
΢ȴͬһ˷˵ĹۣˮļԸζϡ


һǧʮ 
ΧֻоۻңǶƺǲͽ۷ѡ
ǴȻǸǵģЩûǧ϶ʩչ
΢ҲƺȻ˫ȻҲӦ磬ûаడҲ˲á
ƣǱ˲ŵĺγ̺ǾȻҲˣ
˿γ̺죬ҲǾȣȻ֪Ͽ϶֮˵ʵû˭Ҵλ⡣
һŵĸŵĵ̿ǱƺڶҪǿһѹƺһӦǸŶԡ
죬һˣ֮µһˣ˵֮⣬û˸Ҷ֡
ǱҲλæǰ
ʦôˣΪ
սƺˣôܴγЦŻһ䣬ȻҲͷ
뵽һ£ʣʦǰһ²Ҫѯʡ
˵γ̶ǰڼ΢ƺ˵
˵ۿӻЩţԸţ΢Ѿ
⻰ȻʳģΧҲвţͬ棬ͬɣ΢Ըţ΢ڲμ֮ǰѾˣһֱֻǰԻѡ
γ̹һЦһۣ£зȨǺ˽ֵģ˵ɡ
£˵ĿⶼϣȻвٶ䶼š
ɫǾη΢ǰǸ߸ϵǿߣ˿Լʱȷǳ۷塣
ֻһ仰ȫ˵⡣
΢ȷڵõ֮֮޳磬⻰Ǵ˵ˣǿŶȼ֮ǰٲţ˿Ҳš
ٿ΢ֳݼֱԵֵ
ʦ˺ƺ˭ǿһ⣬⣬ͬ˼Ϊĵġ
ɽϹְ˲ͬγ̺ĵλ͸߶ˣϾ˼ĵڶ͵Ȼ˵ĻŶȸɽϹܱȵġ
γ̺˶Ҳǿǹ֮ǰЩò⣬Ǵ˿̣ǿ˵൱һ¡
ˣʤʸ󡣡
һͷλֶô˵ƺҪʯͷԼĽˡ
ԼսµҲǰܸ΢֪ƺڽ᳹ûȥסڵλˡ
ԽһսǷҼΪҪ
˶ƺȻֻǴ˿ĸоľߣʲô춯صƽʩչƺͬ޷΢ܡ
΢ֵͬסЩԷҪôֵҪô㿪ܻ⡣
Ϊƺ˲Ÿо£ʵϣ֮ǰ΢һȭƺʼ͸оܲᰴԼˡ
΢̫ǿˣǿĳԼԤϡһʼƺΪԼ׵Է΢ɱӶԷڳȡ֮΢ȻԺͥ⣬ͥ⣬΢˼ǿ֮֮ȷǴĳԤϡ
ƺ˺ͱһ΢òǰԻԼƺ鷳İɣ
ʱƺҲ˼ɲôˣˣ΢Ҫֳʤ
ƺ˶ƽģһнûʩչһʩչƺоųɰտԽ΢նɱ
һ̣ٹͷз
˲ʱ䣬һɾ֮ٽϻۣԽԽ࣬ϻ㼯Իء
΢ܽһұ䣡ƺ˴˿ʮ㣬һһλϽ˽̸ͨ콣ڵ˶һնɱ
˿ڽգ˿ֲһ֮Ӷ
Ľƣ鷳ˡγ̺춼ɫһ䣬ȻܸܵһЯó档
΢Ҳüͷһ塣
һҲܵΣգ΢Ķ죬ӦҲͼһ䣬ʩչ䷨
̫䣬Ŷ䣡
䷨ͬʱʩչƺ̸оеƽ·̶ȻԻӶһ̣ͼŵӰ֣һԼƽڣһ̣ƽȻžһѳƬ


һǧʮ ƺ
ŶǵŶ䷨̥̫䣬ԵؾŶģ΢ǰŶû䷨ٵҲ֪ж١
΢Ϊǣ֮ʩչŶ䣬֮ǿ΢Լû뵽Ȼһ¾ͽƺеƽŪ顣
΢ˣͲ˵˵ķӦˣΧ˿΢һ䷨ȥͽƺǿŪ飬һĿɿڴ
ƽȻˣ
ǿƺڵ֮ų½ǿ񽣣Ȼôˣ
ƺҲû뵽˿һͺͺĽɫһһס
ëֱ½ɱ΢
΢Сһ񽣣㲻ݰ
˵΢һƽֱɱƺӺ˶Ҫƺ˱ŭһǿ󣬿˵ֻһѣû˾ûˣԺҪŪһƵĶܡ
ûƽƺ˵ʵۿۣβŭ
Ѿû֮ǰֵͳȣֻһ£Ǿǽ΢նɱңйͷ֮ޡ
ֻȻû뵽ƽ΢ˣʲôѹ΢
ٴν֣һκܿƾͿʼת֮ǰƺѹ΢򣬶η˹΢ֶ࣬ƺ˳٣棬ƺֻǱ
Ȼû΢ֵ̺;ʹӱŭ˹µ֮ǰѾǼȻͬ
΢̫ǿˣ˻ҪǿҲ˵ԼȻ΢Ķ֡
Ȼƺ˺ܲҲܲģʵٴȥҪ˶ãԼذɡ
ҪԼҪ䣬һ뵽ƺһǧһԸⲻģж˰ϣʱƺͦסˡ
һ̣΢һȭĻֱӴؿڣɲԼƺһ⣬˲ƺڵĴ¥ײķ顣
ΧѾѻȸԭ֧ƺڵЩˣһΣɽϹ֣˿ҡҡ׹ֱҡ
˶ܿƺ˰ܾѶѾûκοԺ΢Եеʱ΢ԽսԽ£Ƴ죬һѹƺڸס
Ҳģһû䣡
棬ʯƺͷɢһҲò˭뵽ڲ֮ǰλ۷ƺ
ƺ˶󣬽²˽磬϶˸Һ΢ԡ
ƺ˾³
˿ƺ򣬴˿ҲǱŭͷԣ΢ƺ˼ֱܣǴˣôһС
˵ֱһ㣬䲻
ƺǲ֪΢Ҳ֣ԼΪ˽һݵĽ
ƺˣվһԴһʼ΢Ѿ֪Լôˣеʱ򣬸ºֵʱԲ飬Ϊǿ϶ġ
˿Ŷ֣Ԫ˿Ҳȫ߶㼯ȭͷϵײ΢ȭͷϻ㼯֮ѾǴﵽ۷壬ƺһӣԽ춼ͱһ
һ̣΢ʩչŶȭһȭȥ
ƺˣƺ棬ƺڡ
һȭ΢һͫһԥ̾ˣڶΪҲٶȼ죬Ϊǿ΢һȭ̫˵ƺǣƺڶܵ
ҿ΢ļƣƺҪƺڡ
Ǵ£ƺĻ΢ԻȻ󲨣ȻҲĴң΢ôҲûô
ƺ޽ƶ˵ţ겻õ๬¥󣬼ɽˮƺ֮ϣγɾ޴ƺڣҪٵһҲ
ȻΪߵˣǾ׶ˣյĵߵɽǱƺڻҪӴţΪϽ˽һλ쾳ˣ˼һƴͽɽٵ
Žܡ
΢ĪҲѧҪһ㣬Ҫʵʵ
˵ƺڱ꣬Լķ磬ÿһ¥Узڣһһ¥ףҪƺȫٵԲ
˺˼ʱ΢һȭʯ쾪һ׵ľƺˣֱӱһȭݺУ㱻޴ȭѹ䵽Ƶϡ
ƵڣƺڵĽ֮Ϊǿ󣬲˿̣޴ĽҲԵֵ΢һȭֻǼɲǾͲ飬֮΢һȭϵ£ӣȭ֮ѣ¥ͬټ쫷紵һ㣬ֻƬ̣ƺ֮ؾͻһ


һǧʮ ս
ڶҲܵģ˵ٶȼ죬϶˳΢ȭķΧ֮⡣
Ҳƺڵĵӣ˵Щƺڵĵһɥңеĸ̱ڵϣ˫
˵̫ˡ
һֱǶƺڵΪ٣ΪƺǴڣֺΣ΢һ֮ƺˣƺڣ˵ǽеĵİķ顣
ڸղţ΢һȭѾǽƺֱӺɱˣҲֵס΢ȭ֮Ҫ֪ƺЩƺڵǲ񻰣ִ֪
ȻҲеƺҪ𣬰һЩƺڳϺִ£ܿǾʹʵʵ뷨
΢жǿǶĿã֮ǰɱƺӣˣֻ֪΢΢ɱƺˣţȷ޵еơ
ǽ΢֮ǣʱҲǰսһЩ֮֮ززӴٲƺԾӡ
Щ֮ǰ΢΢ˣ˿̸һľ棬ɽϹǲո΢һȭƺڣǱһѸϳģҰ·һ˿ȭˣ˿̱ڵأԶû֮ǰ̬
ʱһ׹£΢Ѿվǰʱһ΢˵ޱȣûʲô仯ǾôһսҲûбֳʲôӡ
΢˶ǵͷٲκβ֮⡣ƺ˶΢΢˿̵ĵλѾվ²˽Ķˡ
һЩ΢ǰӲ
ʱ΢ŤͷһɽϹ֣û˵ɽϹֱѾޱȣ˿̱΢һۿȻԷû˵һ仰ɽϹ־ȻǱһѹѹĳܲס˲
ҽһԴصһըͬһɳշɳûԶɢ
ɽϹ֣ȻǱ΢һۻ
һĻЩ΢Բѷһͨһڵϣͷûһ˸Һ΢ӡ
Щˣ΢Ȼô˵ʵɽϹ֣΢Ҳû˭뵽ɽϹ飬ȻԼˡ
ĳķڷ˿ǰȭķˣ֮󣬽ʱٺ΢һϸߵͣڣǳ׵ľ˼ˡ
̫ǿˡ
΢ǿѾǳ֪ԼҲͱƺһЩ΢ɱƺƺûʲôԼҲԲ΢Ķ֡
΢ǿߣֻܽãԲΪС
ڵĺγ̡ҲǼæǰͬʱҲǸпޱȣƺһΪУҲǻ꣬˭뵽߳ƵƺڣȻһ֮䣬ԭΪ΢ΪС
ʱҲǰûк΢ԣҲҪƺڵĺ󳾡
΢һվҲǽЩȶΪȶϾ΢˵Ҳļޣ񻯵ؾŶҲôʱһ֮޷ͻһɾ֮
΢֮ǰľ绹Щ飬һսΪѾȹ
ڣ΢ˣ˽Ҳһʱ䣬˵ٶ΢Լò˼顣
Ҿ͵ȥϾ֮ˡ΢мһʱɱΪΪʲô
ΪʧĶݣϾ˵ֻԼŻ΢Ѿк޲̷սϾɽϾʸס
΢粻ǵ֪ҪȥҲҪһЩ鰲׵ֵ΢ǣҵĲ࣬ҲԼͽܺǧѩλѣҳǶѡ
κƺ˵ĴսǧѩͰ׽µ͸ƺڣȫ̹ս˿΢һ۾ʹȺнҳ
΢ͨ󣬴һӣͱ任λãԼǧѩ׽Ҳһ΢ŲƵ𴦡
ݼʦ𡣡ǧѩ˿̼ݣʦѾˣȻԺޱȡ˵ǰ׽µˣҲǼޱȣ˵ֱǸ߸ϡ
΢żϻȥ֪̽࣬Խ齻һҪȥһʱ䣬꣬ǧѩһǰϲ˽硣׽µѣ֪ûвɢϯҳǣǱɽӾ˵һվ΢²˽겻ҳǾԲκǰȾָ
һ΢ţҲ˲Ե⣬ŻæҲᣬ񹬡
鶼ٺ֮΢һ˺Ӳռ˺һѷ졣
΢Ѿˣֶ֮ǿԶ֮ǰᲢۣڲ԰׽΢Ѿ֪սλã˺ռѷ֮΢ԥ̤С


һǧʮ 
ǳˣ÷·Ҫս綼Ǿܣ΢ѾڣֻҪ֪սλã˺գ⴩
ռѷ쵱еѹΪֲҲ΢ѾǲҲѲƤ
ռѷ죬΢һѾǻصս硣
صս˲䣬΢ֻоһɣҪ֪˽磬ǲͬģλ緵صλ磬Լ΢Ĺ֮˲ʧһ˲΢ԼЩӦǿĻһûסȻǺ¡һγһɲԶһ޴ĸķѡ
΢æѹΪѹƵǳڣǿжȻһɣܽ·ĸ顣
ָоһΪǿˣһõݴһһжõģһСκһܽǶ顣
΢ָоСѹ
ʱ΢ʼ´ҪŪԼʲôطʱԶ⣬Ƭ֮͵΢ǰ
ȻǼˣһͽ΢ΧסǴţ΢ʮ죬ֻһʱ֮û
ʱһ˿ڵηˣӲš
΢ˣЩŵˣ΢ûЩˣֻǷų֪̽ԼȻײŵĸء
ղŲСǿ鸡ŵһվ
һԵţ΢ȻûʲôøУҲţϾ֮ľѾǲ̫࣬΢ֻҪԸ⣬һͿԽŴսĨȥ
ΪѾ̫߳࣬΢ٸ£ǰһԹ΢Ҳ׷ˣû塣
֮΢ҪŪݵ顣
ʱŸԽԽ࣬һʼֻǷˣж쾳ٺ쾳ĽҲ˺ü
һɵ˵ЩѾһս
ȻͻȻȻһ鸡΢ǵɴԴġ΢ϰ˵ΧУȴƵᣬ⡣
ʱ΢룬ԼȥʵϾ֮ǰǿ˽һŶڶݵʧûʲôԼ֪ģ΢֪һ̨ģ̨ϣԿԶ޴Ķݡ
΢뵽һ㣬ҪߵҲջ˽Ų
ʱ΢ǰһ쾳ɵڣ
ղŵʱ䣬ŵҲڹ۲΢ֻǳԾǣ΢ΪǺļ쾳Ҳһ˵һ⣬ҪôûʲôΪҪôΪߣߵ̧ͷѾĳ̶ȡ⼸ŵ쾳ɶʮֵֹ֪λγƺ
΢ЦЦĪϲ˭ˣ
һɵǿˣ΢̳еλʱҲ˹ڳĽɵУеʱ֮ˡ
΢һ䣬Ǹһ㶣;΢ʮ죬ֻһʱ֮û˭˿ͻȻȻǾİһг
㡭һ΢ɵۣɵȷǴһôһУҲ֪΢˭ˡ
΢ɵۣ
һɵˣ
԰һǰʧ΢ɵôͻȻš
Ȼһɵ٣ޱȣܿ죬ŵˡ
㶫ʧһսӰڣǶЩˣһʱʲô΢ƻڣԾŵ˵΢ɵˣҲ̸ݼ
΢ȷɣǼ΢ģֻи𾪣ȻѾȫ΢Ϊͷǰ
΢ɵ۴ݹ٣ԡ˵
΢ڰ֣ȻĴæŸλˣѯ
һ֪ط˵ĵطæǽ΢ɽ֮ڵĴ֮ڣ˲ŵ΢ɵҪʲôұȻ֪޲𡣡
΢Ҳϻֱѯʶ֮¡
й£΢һʣΪ΢ɵΪһǰͻȻʧҲǲϸ
֪쿴ʲô΢ʡ
¶һ˿⣬ǻʲôֲҪ֪ΪѾǺ쾳һӦûʲô¡
룬ǵɵۣҵȷڹ̨tͻȻһִֻ˲ȡߡ
ʲô
΢ɫһ䣬۽ѾǼߣϾ΢˽һʱ䣬ˣ֪ԶᲢ۵ġ


һǧٰʮ ֮
ҪȡߣҲ΢뵽һֿܣΪ˵ȡߵģҲ쾳ˡ
Ҳ˵ȡ߶ݵģܿһλ쾳֡
΢ڵΪҲԴ쾳˸ֵֶͨΣǻ֣ӴޱȵĶȡߣͨͲ΢Լʩչġ
΢Ҳ֪һΪҪ飬ǾǶݲƾʧǱȡߵġ
ȻԷܿһλ쾳֣ǴӦϲ˽硣
΢һʱ֮뵽ܶ࣬ҪȥѯʵϾϾԼר֧϶⡣
룬΢ʹǰȥϾɽ
ʱɽ֮ڣͻȻɫ䡣
ã϶ˡɫϾٴС
ܿܽһλˣ˵

΢о֣Ҫ֪ȻȲһһҲսɵţλܸߣɵڶ࣬
ǿ΢룬һ΢ɵۼЦˣ˷дǰдܣ뺣
΢һЦһν޷ʲôȻ˴󶯸ɸꣿô˵ҲɵڣᱻһļȮ
ǸǰŵһС㲻֪֪Ͳô˵ˡ
񡣡˿ڣ̺ǳһ䣬ʱֵ΢ɵۣʵһǰݱǹȡ֮ԭڵĵطͶһЩСĸЩ֪ӺζȻһּΪֲɼɽСɷѳޣÿһз˾ΪǺηһȺȷмܣһſνʧء
΢ˣ뵽Ȼǵڶԭ򣬵¾ȥ
ʱѾ߳ȥڶ׼սվڸ̨֮Զȥɿ
Щģ죬ǺɫѪɵģȻǳͬһԴ
˿ԶŵĵӸպͶԷӴɾƬ֮䣬˲أǰһЩҲмͻϮ
ô£֮ǰҪʮϰΣӡңóһ̫࣬Ҳزסˣһ뵽ټžҪԼ֪
գŹˡһҪǰƴǺ쾳Ҳֻ߶³
ڶҲһ׳֪⡣
ʱͻ΢һӣһɫ׹⵴һ̣ԶյоȻף·һ㡣
Щ޵ʵǿҲǷһһЩﵽֻм쾳Ϊ
ɲǿʹСǴ֮£˲أǿһףǱķ飬ѪƬޡ
һ̣׽նЩȥƴڵϣѤʣŵڶˣѾĿɿڴѻȸ
ǾһɵĽֻҪκⷶΧ֮ڵȫڶʱڱɱɾ
Ƭ֮ԭڵޣѾǱɱֻʣһɲŵ
΢Щ˵߾ߣ΢һ̤һ̣ȻѾǵЩ﷢Դ֮ء
޴ĸȻԶǰСÿһҲаﷶΧϸһܿǸ޴⡣
΢뵽˽һЩ˵ഫһˣɵѪɽа޴ĸʵϾ֮Ѫ
ֻǼȻһˣʲô˵Է
΢ڳ˼޴Ѫ⸡ӿޣ΢ȭһ̣޴Ѫ⸡飬ޱǿȭʵķ顣
ȭ޴ĸɱޡ
ţ̨ϣͼŸ߲㽫һжһŵɫ԰ס
΢һȻѾȫԽ˼𣬾쾳ҲûܡҪ˵Ҳһģ뵽һֿܣʧˣ֮
뵽Լ֮ǰȫһԸһڶ˶ͷһ²ѡ
΢ʱ뵽һȡ߶ݵ쾳Ȼͨ󣬵Ҫȡ˾޴Ķ֮أҲԲܺˣѪǴۡ
ҲһֿܣѪǶԷµġ
پģ΢벻ŵϾԼһĴ𸴡
һ̣΢ţһߵϾɽ


һǧٰʮһ 
Ͼɽɷ羰续һʱнͬһΣ΢ԵļΪƽ˽һ΢Ϊǽĥĸӳȡ
˿̣΢ɵ۵ķ緶Զʧ飬΢ҲܱƽӦԡ
΢һһϾɽȥȻǸӵĵ湪һ񣬵΢Ͼʵ顣
۽粻ͬˣ΢Ȼϴôŭ壬ѾڵˣΪǰ̫̫࣬һΣ΢ҪϾŪס
һûе̫ã۵߳һϵϵɷ磬ֳַһǰ΢ֵĳӡ
ӦϾĹŵӣΪѾ쾳һ΢⳽Ӷ˵κβöԷþŶ֮ס⳽ӣܴۡ
ȣ˿΢Ը⣬Ҫ⳽ӣֻһС
ǳӼ΢Ҳһ㶣û뵽΢ڶ̶һʱͻˣҺϴβͬǣһȻȫ΢Ϊ
΢ɵۣˣӳ΢һȻϾԣ΢ɵˣһأϵҪ΢ɵһ䣬һʱϵΪͻͽһõǷסңһвͨˡ
΢һһЦӣҪ㣬ֻһС
Դ󣡡üͷһ壬ȻãҲǼΪԸסϾɽģ֮ϾĽ̻壬ѧϰɷΪѧɵ裬һȫɵˣҲδرԼǿ١
һǰ΢üıסóʮջҲǱһ꣬΢Ѿ⣬һ΢ٵóѣۣ΢ٽȥ
Ҳ֪΢ǣһ˦зѾʩչһɷǰĿռ䰵չǧ򱶣΢ҪӲһʱҲ岻֮⣬Ҳ˲٣ž΢ʼʩҲȫзӦԡ
ȴ֪Щֶ΢ֱɵ㣬ͼ΢ЦЦһ̤һ̣ͫһȻѾҲ΢Ӱ֮ǰµ󷨺˲ͬʱƳ
ôӴʧɫΧͲ΢κη紵ݶܵһʱӦ
ɴ˿̣΢һ̤ȻʧͬʱƳԼе⾿ô¡
뵽һֿܣŤͷһȴ׺䶥
΢֪ʱѾߵǰ˿Žȥ֮ǰµЩȻ˿޷΢Ƭ̡
΢ûж֣ԼѾˣһͿء
ɫһףջǻָƽ
΢ɵۣȻͬСɣϵˡˣûˣ΢ոһǳ֣΢ôֶ֪Ѿɱˡ
΢ֻƹۣԳӾǲ䶼С
֮ڣһȾʯ̳ɵĵϷ·ˮϴһ΢ȥʱ΢֮ǰվһϵ
ϵȻȳҪˣǵƾɣձ̬ӣƺ޷Ϊ
ֻ΢УϵҪȳöࡣ
ǳ۷壡
΢ͫһ˭뵽ϾɽϣȻһλǳ۷˸֣˵ĵ͵ǵľŶɣҲ֪ôһ˴ڡ˵֪ҲΪԷΪһͨ˶Դ
΢Ϊ۽ߣԲܿձϵĵϸ
΢ձϵ΢һۣȻһâȻһ
ȥϾ档
ϵ˵һ䣬Ȼ£΢ձϵĵϸҲûϸ룬
⻹΢ͷһ߽Ͼ۵Ҫ֪սɵɵУе﹩ǸŵʦȻĴţ֮ڹĳ˴ʦ֮⣬λԶһˣǾϾķࡣ
Ͼһϥϵ΢ֹһμԺϤ˿̧ͷһ﹩ȴλ
Ͼ࣬λ˷࣬Ȼׯ£ֺϾĽȻͬ΢üͷһ壬Ͼɵ棬ķȻûʲôλȴͷһμ˭
ܺϾУصλ͡
΢һɨûмϾӰһɨͬûκη֣Ͼɽ΢֮£˵ϾҪ䣬ҲԲܡ
ȻϾ
һ˲䣬΢оһŭûзΪ֣ǰ湩̨ϣϾĽһ
ǰһֻа˸֡
ϲ˽硣


һǧٰʮ ˴
΢ðʣȻûмϾһҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
ʵϣڴ֪Ǳһ޴ȡ֮΢ֲ²ˣһģֻһˣһˣֻϲ˽硣
ϾɽѾû΢ȤĶϾȻûҪ˼Ǹ˴𰸣Ҳڴû˵ס
ǶݣǱĸ쾳ȡߵģУԷΪҪȡ߶ݡ
΢Ͼ֪ģ˼Ҿǲ˵Ǳܶ΢ˣ˿Ҳû취
֮մ𰸿϶ϲ˽硣
гʱǸձϵɨأ΢ֻ΢΢ͷȻԼġ
ڳӣȴǶ΢Ҳ޹⣬ڼˡ
΢ҲûϾɽ֮΢һ룬Ǽţϵ̫ڡ
΢̫ڵɹŽйԼ֪֮գ֪ͨΪɹŽҲ²̫Ѿǲ֮Ϊ̫彣ȻҪصߡ
һȥ²˽磬΢ǱϾһƴȥģȥͻȻȥ֮΢Ҳ֪̫˽磬Ҳֻϲ˽硣
μȻҪȥȻҪɹŽ
̫ڻǺǰһ΢ǴĵǰԺܿͱ̫ڵ˷֣֪һɵǰ𶯡
ͻȻʧս綼˾޴𶯣ڶΪ΢Ͷһʧ˿ͻȻ֣ȻעĿ
һ̫ڵĸ߲㾡λڰһɹŽ
ɹŽѰҲˣ΢Ѱһ¾굽΢ȡ
棬ɹŽΪߣȻǸо΢Ĳͬ
΢㡭֮ˣɹŽͻȻһ䣬΢֪ɹŽ֪֮ҪǿҺܼ̫ܿɾ˾ϢԲдʡ
΢˵ͷǳϡ
ɹŽûΣǼΪʣããҾ֪ʧ˵һˣ϶ҲˣҲţ˼ߣΣҲܻΪģȻһ
ɹŽ뵽ʲôæʵ΢ǲȥ˽ˣңûм
΢ҡҡͷ˷Ҫһȥ˽磬̫ţӦֻ
ɹŽæͷãҺߣҵһѾ̫ã̫ţȥ̫꣬ѾȹޱȣҲкü𣬾ҲҲԴеͳʱˣʱˡ
ȻɹŽԵļΪ˷ܡ
ԻΧ󲿷ѹû֪˽ʲôطֻкڰλ쾳ɴ֪쾳Ķˣ쾳֮ϣ˾磬ֻǶ˵绹̫ңԶ
⣬ɹŽ˵΢ɵѾ˾磬һϸ۲һ΢Ƿ΢Ϊɲ⣬¸Ӿη
˵֮ǰ΢̫ڣڰλܺ΢ƽƽôڣ΢Ѿ̫࣬˿̵΢ֻ
ȥģңҲȥѰȻûô΢ɹŽ˵ʲôȻ̫ڡ
ҲѾĲˣһѰҪߣڰжʯͷһ㣬үүϽ߰ɣʱ䣬Ѱҧ̳Եв٣˺ãҲ
˿΢̧һУɹŽǻɽ壬΢СѰӣҲ޷΢һˣҪ²˽磬Ȼͨ²˽ϲ˽硣
ͼ΢һ˺Ȼƾյ˺һӣ΢һ̤룬̫ڶĿɿڴʧ١
Ƭ֮΢Ѿʩչͨ²˽硣
˲䣬Ϥǿޱȵ֣΢ãɹŽѰӾЩܲסˡ
˽磿Ȼ򣬾Ҫ̫ڵʱǿʮֹɹŽѰӸ΢ֻ̽һԴ
΢ʱȴ뵽񻯵ؾŶķⷨҲɹŽɹŽã˵ԽɹŽ˽硣һôǵΪҲ
ֻϧеԴǶѾ꣬΢ǵ񻯿ھ˿ͨɹŽ
΢ʲôھɹŽһ㶣һ䣬һ֮ʶһרŸĶǳԽɼӦһ鹦
öɹŽǿھ֮뽣֮ڿʼ


һǧٰʮ 񹬵鷳
ս磬ɹŽѾվˣҪΪܣ˽磬Ļ̫ˣֻǽ˽ֻҪЩĴĥҲܳɾһ
Ѱӣ˽ҲĿռ䡣
΢ɹŽѰӶ봢﷨Уֱ֮ȥ񹬡
ȥʱ΢۸λã΢շλȻǿһɽĸ¥
¥Ӵޱȣɽжߣ¥жߣɣԶɽ¥ƴغ˵׳ޱȡ¥ľʯΪϵаٲ㲻ֹ棬һ޴ηӡɢ⣬ƺԽ˽һжС
۸󣿡΢Ҳͷһμ׳۵Ľ֮̾һĸ΢¡
ȻЩ۸ĻһΪͬǰٶǳڵˡ
ΪǷŵЩڵУҲвڣ۸󣬾ȻֻΧŵĻ֪۸ĵ̡
΢Ҳǳ˽ĲѾ֪˽У۸ĵλȻеһɳڶĴڣܿȻᲢۡ
ϲ˽绹²˽磬۸Ĵڣ²۸һܸɣϵרŵϵһ񹬾ܸλã΢Ҳϣɹ
ºˣΪҪ۸󣿡ɨ΢һۣҲǿ΢ϢΪʵ
΢ˣ߹ݣȻҲǿͿͷͨһ˵΢ǰݷ۸񹬡
һ⻰ɫһ䡣
΢
˵ţ´΢һۣȻ֪΢ͷʵ²˽磬֪΢ͷѾָҪ֪΢ȡһѾ£ο֮΢һĴ¡
Ǿǻƺˣһȭ䱬ƺڣ˵죬֪²˽磬΢֮Ѿ˲ʶ
Ȼžηлһ㺬塣
ԭˣʧʧæ񣬱Ͼ΢Ѿ֪ˣеǲٵġ
ֻȴûҪ΢ȥ˼
΢εȻǿ⣬ԼҪ񹬣ԷӦȥͨŶԣȴûУ˸顣
λȥͨ΢һ䣬ոѾеһѾΪСĵķųһȥ֪ͨΧĻ
΢Ѿ֪⣬΢ȣڵˣ鷳Ҳзӽ΢һ䣬Ѿˡ
ֻЦ˵ֻƬʱ䣬ԶͿٷʮ⣬ֻ˲ͽ΢Χס
ЩȻ۸˻ΪĶǳڣΪߵģѾǳ۷壬ȻֻһλȴϢȣ¶ַ緶
ˣ۸󲻻ӭ㣬뿪Ǹǳ۷ǿ߿˵һӹɵ
΢һ֪һˡ
ʱԶһӰ΢ˣȥȾС㣬Ѿ۸ˡ
۸Ļ˴ŭǰȥץǸͨ籨ŵˣ΢ϵöԷ񹬵Ѿߡ
΢Ȼ֮һѾ˲Ѿǰס
ǸѾȻǾδ΢ǿȥһˣСݺǱǸŮˣѾص۸ĴΣ
ѾӺܼ꣬ԶǰȻ΢üͷһ壬ֻǵ˵ô¡
ΧĻѾΧûһϾ΢̫ʢ۸ĻҲ׶֡
ѾȻӼ꣬Ƕ϶
ԭ񹬻֮һж뷨У˭֪ʱ˲ӡ
׸Ȼȥ˿ɽҶԷһϼƣȻǵһңɾȥ΢ϡ
һͽ
΢һҲɫѿ۸ֱ̫ˣȻ˲Ī۸ϵ¶ˡ
΢ÿ϶ûʲô򵥡
СĪû磿΢һ䣬Ѿ߼æ󲿷ֶŮ˵֣⼸Ǵ쵶ն飬䶨
ΧǼһ֪¶´ͷ֮˵֣ɱ
˵̹꣬ɱ
΢ҲţһȻһӣһֱӽĻĵ˻ȥһѪ˲
һ̣΢һץѾߣһ۸


һǧٰʮ Ѫ
ηںδ΢ʵ֪Ҫƾ֣Ƚ񹬾ȳΪֻ񹬲֪ƽ֡
΢Ҫľǣη
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ʱѾҲعˣʹôȥ
кβɣ΢һ䡣
Ѿ߼æ۸󣬸ֶţëС˵ˣҪȥϲ۸ȥ״ôӲ̫ˣҿ϶ȥ
΢Դ֮Աǣȥ״Ҹұ֤ûСûˣܴܲȥҵ¡
˵һʱ䣬ǰѾʮ۸ɳأֻǶ΢˵ǳٶҲûá
Ȼ΢Ҳûɱֻ̧֣һȭһȭʮɳȥ
ǰ棬۸Ѿ˾֮ڴҲڻرգȻΪ˷ֹ΢롣
ѾʱѾŵĻʧɫæˣ۸Ӳýƶɣһϣ˭á
䣬΢ѾһȭȭֱӺʲôϣ޴ص΢ȭ֮£ֱӱİݣ΢һȻŵִһȭ
һȭֱӽаصֱӺ俪ɳȥʮɣȻһڵϡ
ΧٻһĻŵĽһЩûˤڵϡ
֪΢˭Ĵ˿̶Ŀɿڴ˭Ȼ֪ͣ΢˭ģоѵȻ鴫
΢֪룬ѾǴѾ߳۸
ﲻϤ֣ҲԽ۸̽˴Ŀռ򣬿赲΢̽顣Ѿָ·΢ٶȼ죬ֱ۸Ρ
ͬʱ۸֮ڣη֮ڵɫȻôҲû뵽ȻעһһңȻⲻҪģҪǣԷϲ۸ȻпɽһΣλɽ˳
Էϲ۸һλ¡
ֻһλ£ɶԷĵλѾ²۸ܸ⻹㣬˼ҵΪҲ˾֮ǿס棬ԼѺ
֪ǲ⣬ԼӦûϡ
϶뷽跨ԼڣԼһǰӾ˽ۣ뵽񹬾Ǹоһ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ͵͵ԼѾ߳ȥ΢ܼܲʱҵ΢ʵδ֪
Ҿ΢ˣΣ񹬾ãΨһϣѾߺ΢ȥϲ۸ȥ״Լһֻһ룬˿ֻҪԼڣһоͶ޶֤
̫ˣΪѳɣû뵽󹦿һ񣡡ʮְգиӹһ٣ȻȡѵԺ󲻷ִԼӦòΪӪʤȯգҲҪСˡ
˵ϲ۸ҲˣֻĶû죬Ҳû뵽Է˵Ľթա
ż̵ηҡͷΪȻҪηӳȥҲǾ޿ܡ
۸۸ĹأԼ۸λ⣬Ҫ۸кٲõģ񹬶϶϶Լŵȵʱ
ֻͷһۣηֻһˡ
֮⣬һˣԷǸոչؽģɢ޵ɱ񹬹ʮа˾žԼڵɱ֡
Ҳ׸֮ˣովͰвͬʱԷҪ֣ԼҲȫ
һǰηͻȻ뿪Ƥһ֪ԷҪˡ
ͷָһе鲼ϴ󲿷ַȻȡߣٻһЩֶΡ
Ǹ˴˿ɭɭһЦ⣺СѾͷƬӣֶξͱڱүǰˣȻ֪ȡģӦҪˣ֪ĽΪȻɱ㣬һ𣿡
ȷǴʵҲûܿͷ֣ɱ־Ȼһǳ۷ǿߡ
֪Է˭
Ѫǫ´˶Էһۣʵ
˹һЦ۸ˣĳ˳˴Ǯ˰ɡ
˵꣬˫ֳָѪɫȥѪޱȣŻϢϸԿ˫Ѫɫԩ갧ֲޱȣӦĴºţѪ֡
֪Ѫ˺ΪֶΣеŵһģֻǴɱ˹࣬ͨѾ˺ܾãƽײβû뵽ȻǱԸԼ
ֻ˵ԷͺʶϾѪɱ̫֪࣬жٳҪңôʱ䣬ûиָͱȻܡ
ȻԱӻѪˡ
뵽оޱȣԼԼҪԸһⲻ󣬿ɶѪǫһжŲȥ


һǧٰʮ ִ
ʱ񹬷ˣ֪ԼھǺҲûãԷԼѪˣҪԼ
Ѫ˵ֶҪɱԼҪ£Լû϶бԭ
Ȼ֪ЩεǣֻܱĽܡ
֪Ϊʲôû𣿡ѪǫɭɭһЦȻϲŪڹƵеĸо
û˵֪˵˵岻󣬶ԷҪ˵ĻҪ˵ֵʱҲ֡
Ҹ仰Ҹ㣬ΪŪһֵľͿ԰⵹ֱУĸ׼ŪģУɱĸ׵ģǫ£Ŀ˰ɣǫɭɭЦǿǾȺͷŭı飬ޱȡ
һ̣Ҫˣλǳ۷ǰҪɱ񹬣ֱһֻûʲô
Ѫ֣Ѿץȥֻû䵽ϣΪʱ۸󷢳һ죬Ҳ
ǫ¼ΪСĽһ±ûж֣˻ȥ
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˲䣬뵽һֿܣͫһ죬ȥѪˣ۾ֱĿǰ档
Ҳηڡ
ԽԽǴԶٽӽһ㣬ԽĿ϶еĲ²⣬ѪɫѿȻڷ鳬Ԥϡ
ģģǸѾߣҲ˳飬Ҫ춼ͱһ۸˾Ǻ۸ΪУаٸн۾粽ĶԶڡ
ܿ죬Ǳߴһ죬ŵľ޴űһǿֱӺ俪һ̣һ˴Ǳ
˵˲䣬񹬼ͲµԷݣǸоţҲ̫ˣȻǾôӲɱ˽
Ȼִˡ
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ֻбŵѾߣѾŵ˵ȻѾҲǴ˴ҲôҲȲԼС㣬ټ̫̼оȻǳ˺£ôһ˿ڴ
΢Ѿߵָ۸Уһɨһ¾ҵڡ
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֮ǰ΢󷨻ûӣڣ΢ͳͳһȭ֮
̧һȭ΢ǿޱȵȭ·еĿռȫ飬һȭԻһЩС磬ͼ·鲣һƬƾѣȻʧ΢һ̤Ѿǵη֮⡣
ˣ֪֪ôһִˡȻΪȸ˾ҲģղŵĶ۸Ѿ΢Ǽɹˡ
΢һЦ֮ˣȻ֪񹬱ݺǾͽȳ֮ǰ񹬵ȷԼĶ࣬΢Ȼܼȡ
΢˫ɨ󣬶ѪǫֻƬ̾ͽԷĻڡ
ǫҲһˣʱҲˣȻ˵Ӳ񹬣˵ֻҪɱ񹬣ˡ
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ֻѪעˣ΢Ҫ֣Ѿһɨһ׽ǻηţǽǫһ˫ն䡣
ǫûӦУŵľ̫ԼΪˣЩڵ֣ͬ£ɶԷһնֱӵֱۣҿ쵽ԼӦик嫵ֻ֮˵һ㡣
ˡ
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ˣ΢ҲôӦ
ʱ΢ҲηǸӦ񹬿ڵģ΢ľβ֪˵Ҫԣ˵ֱһ㣬һ۵֤ˡ
һץͽѾӳȥԶǫֱץ˻


һǧٰʮ ȭͷ
ǫͨٸߣ΢ҲǺèûл֮Ƭ֮ͱ΢סá
ʱ˷Ҳӿ۸ˣ΢Ӳ۸˽Χˣֻ΢һ·ɱ̫ǿҲԴ˿ֻΧסû˸֡
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ʱҲ˿Ѫǫܣ۸ֱ΢ֵļɹֻҪϸһ֪γԼΪʤĻᡣ
ǫҲ׼ûа취İ취ԾǻԣԶɲģ鱩¶ȲԼĿڡ
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˵꣬ǰһȥҪʡ
Щˣߵ֪ͨˣϢһӦǲš
۸΢ٴҲӲ˵Ը񹬶͵͵УΪֻҪھ´󼪣û뵽ڹϳֲӡ
ǵ֪Ѫǫ׽һ֪ˡ
²ȻҲЩﲻһ˵㣬ζԸҲŴϲ˽Ŀɽѹ⼸ҷԣҪ췹һжˡ
񹬲ҶԷץǫʱͱԼǳԲ˶ߡ
ȥʣ
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ʱͨ˵ͻȻ뿪ˡ
鰡һ˵Ȼλ񹬵ģϲ۸Ϊ³ǶѹĲ˵ںˣηǱӣС
ˣ̫Ȼǵߵڰףڣ˼ʱϵĹƵóˡһҲ˵ܸˣܸ񹬵ĸף˿Ȼ˵֮ǰû취Լˣһ΢ǿڣԸ˵ĻһҪ˵
⣬λȻҲڽ΢΢˵˵ΪֹɱڣоݣϾɱѾ׽һ΢۸󣬷ɣƺһ㡣
˵ͬʱλ΢˵ͷȻǺ뽻λˡ
˵΢Σ۸ٻȻûܵסĸǲȥύӾ⡣
΢ǿߣǵϲ˽磬Ҳһϯ֮صģԽύûлȻˣβ΢һӣ´»СС»ˡ
Ҳû뵽΢Ӳ۸Ƕ飬ȻǱλƺ֪һȫ֧һ㡣
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ʱλɽһϲ۸ĹҲˡ
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֮˼æֻλҲֻǿ΢˵ͷУۿһ۵ģֻͬΪˣˣֵһᡣ
˽״֮ɫֻһǰչشתߡ
ȻС˵εߵڰף񹬣ҪɱڣͱȥҪӣѾˮһ֮
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼַʽ΢Ҳû뵽Լһ·ǽȻƨû¡Ȼ΢֪ԼΪҪԭ򣬲ò˵κεطȭͷ


һǧٰʮ ϲ˽
۸飬񹬻ȥ΢ȻͣɹдǼλҲΪ
֮΢һָо²˽ԼΪѾûκ
˵ʱ΢ΪҲǼޣټ۸ĶȺ飬Ū˽
˽磬²˽Ҫϲ˽磬ΪҪͻƣþǰϲ˽硣
ϲ˽統иǿƼžۼ֮ΪһЩԴ֣ÿ춼ǿ䡣
ϲ˽磬Ȼļ֮أҲ֮ء
ΪˣƺѾ޳ˣѹûȥϲ˽磬ֻѾȥֱ˻Ͼ²˽磬Ǵ䣬𾴣ϲ˽磬ǾͨͨܳԽﵽһ
ϲ˽磬쾳ܽĸֻ֣Ҫ޳쾳Ѷȿ֪ϲ˽磬Ҫ޳쾳Ҳ졣
΢֪Խ࣬Խ׽֮·жѣΪ󲿷ˣĵԪľҲ޷ͻ磬쾳磬ֻЩдԵ˵ˣһĻᡣ
Ҳֲƺ֣֪ͻŻص²˽磬
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֮ҵ΢ѯ΢Ĵ㡣
ˣ²˽磬ͬƺɣҲȫ֧㣬ȻҲѡϲ˽磬ֻϲ˽̫вͿɱ֮ʱҲ޷߿񹬳΢˵ηӣѾõλ֧֣λãٽһпܳΪ²۸ܸ
˵ǷǳҪ顣
΢֪ԵҪȥϲ˽磬Ѿ
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Ϊϲ˽иǿ΢ˣҲ޷˺ռݣϲ˽磬һģֻһˡ
ڵ΢˺ռս磬ڴ֮ǰ΢һ㡣
Ȼ쾳֮µˣҪϲ˽磬ͨרŵͨǴͷ
۸֮ϣһˮſԽϲ˽磬ǰǻûȨ΢ôȥλ֧֣ټ񹬵ĻȨ˺ܶ࣬ԺܿͰ׵
΢ϵ۸󶥶ˣȻɽ޽һ޴ޱȵˮ֮š
ǰ΢󣬲ȻЩ󶼲ȶֻʹüξͻʧЧȻǰһˮչֳȴһֲ棬ӦѾǴڲ֪¡
ӡĿռ䷨Ϊȹ̣΢սһЩżУƵĴͷ󣬵һ⣬޷ǰˮ֮Ტۡ
΢Ҳ֪ʦԬ̿պĪа˽磬²˽ûκ˵Ϣֻ˵һ㣬Ӧϲ˽硣
б̳ʴںϵʩ޼ҲûϢ΢ԷҲϲ˽硣
һǶһǳ΢Ҫȥϲ˽Ҫȥ
ˣϲ˽粻ͬ²˽磬Ѿվڶˣ˵˸ǣϲ˽磬̫࣬е쾳һҲֻ·һȥ֮һСġʱҲֻܶ䣬˵ʵϲ˽磬˵ʲô
΢ЦЦϾһƴ²˽ʱ˶ǣɿһ·ƴɱ
˵·ɱȥˡ
΢ϣڼλһЩ۸Դη̤ˮ֮š֮Զ΢ΪǱ˭²˽УвԸΪҲȥϲ˽磬Ϊϲ˽йء
ȥףѡ
һˮ֮ţϲ˽磬ԭ򣬷ǲģϲ˽ǿ̫࣬һԲϣ㲻˳۾ͿԽɱı̬ڡһЩ˾ϲ˽ԭ
΢ȴȥĺԥһˮ֮ţǰ̱任һ̣΢оһɱ²˽Ҫֱ߳ѹϡ
΢ΪͻȻôһ£ҲЩӦ
Ȼѹ֮£֮û˱ӻԻƬ̣ɹŽѰһòҪ޳˾磬ǳ


һǧٰʮ Сﶼ
˿΢ڵĵطҲһ޴ˮ֮ţȻĳѾٷȥ
Դˣ΢׼Ȼˣ΢һҪﴳһãҪǣŪںδ
ˮﲢֻ΢һˣ²˽һˮ֮۸ƿصУȻ۸Ļ
΢мǰЩȻ²˽ʱҪĶ࣬ΪһģҲǳ۷壬ΪЩģѾǲˡ
Щֻǻ΢ϲ˽Щڴˡ
ߺˣһΪڵ˻ʵ
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ߣһ˵㽫ƺڸˣ˵ʱ⻤һ˿ŭ΢Ȼó΢Ҳ֮ˣ鲻Ҳûãµͷ
ðұ㿴мＸƺôҲǴڣ˵̫׺ݣҲ˳ôˡ˵꣬Ȼ̧һȭ΢
һȭʵ޻ҪǣżΪҵ֮΢ó⻤ΪѾƺ޼Ѿдʵ
ƺ΢ɱã⻤кξ壿
̧һ΢ɽԷһȭ£ûкһ
Ϊͨ΢ԶԸڵˣ⻤ڣ΢֣Ҳ΢ûŪԷ˼ȻһоͿԽ⻤ܡ
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΢ȻҲǱˣʼһ·ǶԷЩܲס΢Ƶˡ
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֪⻤ӳ϶ðʧ϶һȫ֮ƣľѳۣȻѾҪף뾡һа취΢ɱ


һǧٰʮ 
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½΢Ȼ۸̲飬ɱˣڻӳȻǽζƵ΢ϡ
һһϱܿ۸и߲Ҳ֪¡
˿һ̻Ի͵ĴУλҲǾۼ˴۸ɱˣǼΪصģ˵һЩΣ۸Ĵ£Ȼɵ֮
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˵ʲôѵȿ֮ͽֱɱ𣿡ǸӳĿɽ̲˵Ҫ֪⻤ӳţȻǱϵһֱۣȻֲκΪˣҪһֱҲ£϶ӰΪ˵Էǻӳ͸ɲȥˣһȨ£Ȼǲˬ
λ۸ȨƣһҲǾΪһ½˺ͶԷײֵãԾôЩףҲûпڡ
ҲϾ΢ֻǸոմ½ˣ˵ҪûҪɽûɽΪڣϲ˽磬ڵ˿˵һץһѣûʲôϡġ
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ҿôˣ΢۸أﵱҾӦɳִӣɱ۸ǸºǰԵ˵
ʱԱһͻȻʲôãλѵˣĹ۸ͣ⼸۸ʤһǸ΢ײǿɾ鷳ˡ
һҲɫ䡣
ĹΪǵ֮谮һ檣Ҫ֪֮һǿߣ۸Ҳǲİı˳ײܵţʱ֮һһԲ˶ߡ
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۸лӺִӣӵʵȻ޷ִᲢۣ˭֪һִӳǱȻд£κִӵĴֻ·һ
Щ΢Ȼ֪֪ڲ֮ǰǼ½ɱҪĵˡ
˿̣΢һɽˮ֮䣬ǰһƬʮ羰续Զһź϶ĹȺ¸źԶҲԿƻͨ
΢û뵽۸Ȼ˾޴󣬶ΧȻоڷա
˵ʵĿǰ΢ΪҪǿк俪Щڲֻ΢ûôϾо֮ǰǻӳԼ۸п϶ˣԼĺ俪뿪Ǻڹ϶Ǳˡ
΢֪Լܾôȥڲܡ
۷˻ε֮¾͵ϣҪ֪΢ǿ΢һɨ͸оǺޱȵĹУƺһϤϢ
Ϣ΢϶Ǽֻһʱ벻Ӧһˡ
΢ȥ
źԶкܶ໤ΧԿ۸ĻģһֻϢģ۸Զ
ʱ΢ҲܿЩӦڵˡ
˾ŵͬϢܶأ΢ֱܷġȻҪòҪЩȻ϶鷳΢˵ֻҪȥһۣϢ˭ΪλϤ
ЩȻ΢Ҳ΢ֶΣʩչ͵͵Ǳ룬ֻߵһʱ΢ͣ
Ϊǹǰ΢ȻǸܵΪǿϢԼôʮа˾Żᱻ֡
תһ룬΢ԳһЦԼˣϢӦòǶ֮ɵϢˣԼôʶ
΢ʹȥ
ڴʱǱ߹һ¶̨ϳһȺˣйŮлһƬЩ˴ӵһλһµŮˡ


һǧپʮ 
΢ãǸźԶҲԿŮ˾־ģҲһһĺãһЩŮȻҲŮվһ̾ͱȥ
ֻǿŮӣ΢һ㶣ΪϵŮӡ
ô΢Ϊȷû뵽Ȼλˣʵ붼벻顣
ʱǱ¶̨ͻȻ״ŮӾȻͻȻȥ
ٶȼ죬Һɲɣķ΢ڵķ΢ͫһЩ֪ô¡
ͬʱַɳӰԼٶȥ׷Ůӡ
΢üͷһ塣
ʲô
ŮкܴԨԴ˿̼ƺѣ΢ôܲǣ
̧һɨ׹⣬źͣͬʱ
΢һºճڶ˴һЩɵˣǸӵŮӼ΢һ㶣ȴһת΢
λ֣һ֮лŮӼ˵΢һЦˣ󼧣ô
ŮһһֵĶ΢ͬʱȡһѺذף˭
΢һЦ̧һŶȭٴν׷źˣȻϼֺܶ࣬ŶңűҲңһҽ΢
Ů˫ͫ󲻸ŵ´΢ʧǾŶ֣
ʵϣոѾ΢ʩչľŶȭǾŶɵֶͨΣѾ֪΢ǾŶɡ
ŮӣǾŶɵ֮һĸ󼧡
ûмˣ˭뵽ټȻϲ˽磬ַʽ
ҲӦæŶ֣ߡ
΢ûΪʲôϼĺѣԷʲô鷳΢ʩԮ֣ǰ΢ûŪ
Ǳ߱΢α˵ˣ˺Զǵĸ֣ǻ֮
ͼһ˳΢ºˣ֪֪Ѿ˴뿪Ȼѱ
΢˵ģҲǣһڣһѾ޽ӽڡ
Ȼ΢壬֣ټˣǾͲŪˣ΢ǿҲֻݱܷâ
õķӾӡ
΢󼧣̾ӡ
׷Բ˹߹һŵĻ겻壬æ׷ȥ
ǿ֪λǵ֮İˤţ»ˣñ˽λߣ֪֮жôŭ
Щˣһһһͷһ׷
ߵܿʹ˳ȥ۸Ǽһ˵Щûŵ̱ڵϣʲôʲô΢ײԷǳײˣˡ
ԣ˵ǹߣӦý°ߡ
Щеĵ˾ô˵ģִ֮ˣԽһʰ֪϶סԼæǰȥ۸ĸ߲㣬Ǽλˡ
ڵֻɸһĸ߲ˡ
һ翵Ĵ֮ڣսսǰıϣżλΪ޴󣬴Ķ߶ȳɣһڻ˽磬˽֮ϣһֻ۹۲ķƺ˽һжѲ۵Ĺ۲졣
֮İ檹°ˣһλʵݣϢҲǸоƤһЩо
ǿ֮ϲ˽Ҳǰһĸ֣İ檱°ߣ֪һλ֪Ƕôء
¼æͷµȷǧȷ
뷨ӰĹͣҲɴȥִ׷𣿡һλʵ
ѾҵټźܿͿ׷һ¼æ
Ǽȥս֮һҪ֮ǰ˵λȻ֪ĹؼڹϣֻҪû£´󼪣⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ
Ȼǿһոմ½˻ֵԳִ֣ȥ㹻ˣֻǺܿʹһŭޱȵϢ
󷨶ӴܣҲǱǸ˴ģȻǸһ֣ǻִӣ֮ǰնɱ
ΪԼˣǹǱ°ߵôô˶ԸԼˣ
ϸһʣȷˣʱкܶ˿
Ǹ΢ˣֻһȭͽں俪һȱڣŹ˳ȥһֵ˵
ѾǲҿĿɿڴ࿴һ۶鲻Ծ
Ǻ΢һģ׷ȥʲô壿
ⲻǱ°ߣ˽
Ȼ˾ϣ²ܲ͡
ǱߵķӦˣǲʺϲͽȥȻǻ鷳


һǧپʮһ ˴
˽ĳɽСϪԣ΢һʯͷϻָΪ󼧴۸ӳþŶȭȫһǾں俪һȱڣˣ󼧶ӳ
һϪˮϴ֣ͬʱϻĹ¡
󼧵ΪҪ·Ҫ£ֻҪͿһ׷´ϡ
Ȼ˿ϴŵĻЩͬѰȻǼΪ˺΢Ҳó·ȻһΪ⣬·Ƿ
Ҫæ΢һ䡣
òţ󼧴˿͵һ˺Ȼǽ·˺˲䣬毺õչ¶ţ΢ǰ¶
ֻƺ⣬΢ҲǱ鵭Ȼ
˵ʵ־ĸ֣ŮĸѾǺˣٺãҲֻһ˵󼧼ΪξŶɣ΢ҲŮ֮
󼧾΢ǰ߽СϪϴ壬Ȼһ·
֮ǰĹ͢ȹ类յһɶܻһͨŮװ󼧸˵ĸоҪܶ࣬ͷЩÿͷζժ£ֻǼ򵥽𣬱һ羰
΢ŮŮҲǸоǵҲһˡ
һŶɺ̫ˣ΢ָ̳о̫˵һЩϻ׻ͿֱӶֱ⡣
ô£΢һ䡣
ô£֮ǰһԵɺϣ˽磬ΪŹʣһʼҲȷˣһ·ڣֻǺã֮ϣҪڵԴԽΪ檣Ҷҹһν֪ģΪ˵Ǳˡ
΢Цˣҿųͦ󣬵λͦߣⲻͦõôս磬˭ϣһɾȫɾ̫ǶɵľˣҲ㰮Ľмӣ㶼мһˣ֮Ӧúһܽסˡ
⻰Ȥĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
󼧷һۣҲ޶ˡ
Ŷ˵ǱƵ㿴𣿡˵꣬־磬Ů֮ѿǷѾˣǵ֮쾳ˣλִŮ֮£ȻƤĺÿϵĿ϶ҵòҵʡ
΢֪лԼ˵Ǻܰš
Ȼ΢Ĭ֪֮˽ҹĸ֮ĸҴҲǻݡսʱѾ޵£ЩܴҵĶңǾŶ㣬ˣһ֮Уֻǵ˽ʱ֪ɽɽ˵ǵ֮Ϊ֮ߣʱһҶвԵɺңһ۾ͿҵʣǿдһԴڣǽҵԴ֮Ϊ檣һֱûͬΪԴ֮ǰҲ
΢ʱôˣҲ˵Ǳǵ֮ȦˣȦ
һ㣬΢֪ΪʲôҪˡ
󼧵ӣܵŹ֣ʱ޿̶ߡ
֪ҲұҪ룬˵Ҳ֮ǰǿҿĺϣʱֶţڻһЩơҵĸֺ˵ڽЩ鷳һǧʱ䣬һ˵Ҫɢɢģ۸ı̺棬Ǵûߣû뵽Եɺ˾Ŷ֣˵㲻ʹȻ˵󣬳΢գգۣ¶һ档
΢ֲ֣Ӷ˵Ǵ˴ˣ԰ɣ
һ㶣ӦһЦԣ㽫֮İܣѾǱͨˡ
΢Ȼˣ΢֮ˣ󼧵Ĺϵôܲ
ŶֹȻǳˣתȻҲܽΪ˲ã˲ãΪһСŮӹ¿޿ںˡ˵ţǰס΢ֱۣһԺͿı顣
΢֪ܲ˼ڸԼԻȻҲǶԼԱˣ󼧻Ǹ߸ϵĹĸʼ
˵ûõģȻ˽磬м㡣΢˵ҪʵȻǶ֮£⻹Ͼǰһɾȫɾ̫ǲҲ˽ˡ
΢һʣɫڶ֮£治֪飬⼸λ֪һЩġ
Ŷ֣һɾ֮ǰ˽磬ΪѾ۷壬һϲ˽ҲǺպһȥǲ֮ҲûӾҳຣȫɾƺ£ײβ̫Ͳһ㣬Ϊȥҵ֮˵壬˿ΪЩһֱ̣һѰһᣬҲΪ˽٣ӦûΣգ֮Ҳҵ˵µʱϴ֮ɫǺѵãҪ֪󼧵Ըεʵ̫̫١


һǧپʮ ֮
Ͼһ֪ģ֮һĪ⣬ֻ֪ôʱһζûɣսǽϾֻһ˵⻰΢Ǵһ
Ȼв²⣬ϾݣЩԾģһ䣬΢𾪲ѡ
һֱϾޱȣʼʱ¶棬֮Ҳʱͬ˵ֻϾһ
һ׽͸Ͼͼ
Ŷ֣Ͼͱˣ˾ŵһֻλ˵Ī⣬ҲûбҪ룬֪ϾٵС磬ֹսһأС磬ɵҲкܶ࣬ЩĵӶصİɡ󼧼˵ﵱУȻϾкܶ಻
΢ܲ³˽Ȼ˲ٿ࣬Ҿ̫˵ܶϾֲŲʵ̬ȺǲһЩҲ
ʱ΢һ£󼧵Ȼôõĵ֮İ˵Ԭ̿ôһˣ
̿һ㶣ͷȻ֪˵֮Ŀ䣬һ˵Ī⣬ֻֻ֪࣬˺֮ܵء
΢յ˵ͷΪ̿ĴˣлȻҪȥ̿ģԼǸʦĪаҲǸű̿ģֻȻС
ͬ˵Ѿ˿ʼ׷ɱԼ󼧶ˣӦһΣص㡣
΢أһЦ֪㵣ģĺˣ֪ҵôãΪʲôƫƫѡʱܣΪ֪ڵ֮ڵػÿǧȥһΣһʮ꣬ʮʱ׼׷ٵ֮ǰ
⻰΢˿Ҳǣ󼧵Ĵô֪Ǿȥߣ϶Ѿȫ֮ߡ
׼ʮĿյ֪֮׳ԲŻʱߡʮʱ׼΢֪ĴпΪ
ԭ뷨뷨߶öԷҲңڼȻŶ֣־ˣʵڲУһһһֱ̫һ̫ģںˣеңҪȤˣǿҲԽΪޣЦȫǱйĸֲֿǿĴڣ΢ǰһ氮ֵӾ޴СŮ
λ΢һۡ
֣ߣ㲻˵̫صĵطȫȥҲܺú뷨ӡ΢֪˵ЦһӲˣ˵ǿԼ϶ı
ҲЦˣ˵ͷȻһǰһ͵͵УǧһɽС
΢Ǹ󼧵ģȻᳵ·Ͼ˽꣬˽Բ΢Ტ۵ģֻľޣʱҲֻǽΪڶѣҲһֱƣ޷Ҳˡ
ҲӲ˵ֻһ㣬죬һɾһڣôʱҲֻ۷壬ṳ̂һ֪һĿֲ
΢ǳէܶطʱһŵذɣȻı꣬ȥ׼õĵط
һ·˰Ȼ΢ȻǿɽгһªĴ
ô͵͵󻨷˺ܳʱ䣬꣬⴫ͻᱻȥʱҵǶܡ󼧺ǵ⣬ıߵȷı̫̫ãһжҪǵȫһٲ
ϵַ⴫ȫȻԥ䷨һ̣֣Ѿʧԭءʧ֮Ǵֱ飬Ȼǲá
΢ܵһɼΪŨҵ֮ϢΪŨڵ
һ΢һɵ磬ǻɫģܣȫǸֺǣ飬ͬʬĺ
󼧲˿˴żȻֵ֮أһС磬֮ǰû֪Ĵڣǵ֮Ҳҵǡ
΢ЦЦ󼧹Ȼ׼ȫ
ʬ֮֮ʵֻǲ֪ЩʬǴģ΢ʳɻԭΪ󼧿Լû뵽ȴһֵҲ֪ǧ֮ǰҷʱ򣬾ӡ
΢꣬üͷһ壬Ȼ˴ô򵥡
ֻ΢ûϸ룬ǱѾǴһЦһ콣Զնɱ


һǧپʮ ħ̫
һļΪͻȻʬ飬ۣд֮΢ͬʱɫ䣬ڶ˶ͨˣֵֵھ쵱нһ⡣
Կǽ֮Ѿڵϻ｣ۡ
һ̣һɫӰͻȻڶͷЦһһ
̫ƣ
΢̧ͷһϳƷ·֪һưԵޱȣæһ½׼Ӳ˿˷ͷ㿪ѾǺȻһƴһֱɵľ޴ƿӡ
ƿӼ˵ף֪ٺһ±ɷ顣
ʱ΢Ҳ͵Ϯ֮ˣȴһ£ͷ㣬ܱϳ̫
˿̣λɵȴǷ񲣬һЦϵϢ֮ǿֱڡ
΢һ̫û뵽ôһλɵɾȻˣǷģתһ룬󼧿û˵̫ˣֻ˵һ󼧣ͼһһȣ֪Ҳʲô
󼧣ж೤ʱûˣ΢һ䡣
󼧲³΢˼µûˡ
ʱ䣬һĸ˵˵ʲôָһӣʱ䣬Էֱ̫ˣ΢֪̫߱ȻǷʲôʡ
ʱѾǷ̫˵ȻԷ֮һȻֱ΢󼧡ò˵̫ȷһȻʱ΢ѹס
Ƚ̫ͷס˵΢󼧻ɻ˵ʲôϴʱ˵˷ʱ䣬̫ͬˣǰսʱ򣬾Ǻһɾȫɾɵɣ̫ڵڶһΪ֮ߣ˽磬΢˵̫Ҳеĸ֮һֻΪ͵֮ԷˣΪų
ڣ̫ΪѾǴﵽڣҷ֮ʵǿȻ΢Ҳо֡
鷳ǣ̫Ȼˣȴ΢ڶԷ£Ӳȫɣټ΢ֱ̫ѹ֮ǰκһɱ
Ҫô˵־Ǹ֣̫ȥ˵ʲôֻȽס
Ǳ󼧺̫ѷѽ⣬΢֪ԼֻܿԼ
˿΢սȫȭΪ̫𾪣ýǴۿ۵ģȭһЩ
һ׵ŶԴľŶȭת棬̫ڵ΢Ҳǽȣ˰ң΢һȭ֮ȭ£Ȼһ»̫䷨ֱӺϡ
һ죬̫𾪱ĺʮֻѪǷЦֹ
΢ȻΪһȭͿԻ̫һ̣ؾŶҪԾŶ֮ס̫
ʱ̫ЦһȻǻǧ٣ֳǧ·𵹶һ㣬˲綼̫ķ
һƣ΢֪רŶԸ䷨Ļ֮ǾǷֳ⻯Ͼ䷨ôĿʩչ̫⻯ǼΪͱ弸һ£´˿΢
ʵԴ˽磬΢ͷԼǰΪõͨѾɲʲôôˣ˽һжҪսʱ߼Ķ࣬Ѿܵġ
˿Ҳֱ治ǸǱ壬Ǹǻ
һ΢䷨϶޷ʩչȻ΢Ŷ䷨Ѱ˿΢һЦʩչ
Ŷ죬Ǭ
΢䷨ʩչһ£΢סԷһ壬еģ̫仯ķٶ࣬΢뷨ֻҪȫסԷıҲߡ
йݣ˭˭
һ£̫һУ˲΢סá
Ȼƽʱ΢ҪʩչһлýϾһǶ˵ҲǼ󣬺ڴ˿ǹһˡ
Ǳһס̫΢ѣǰ׳һ
˭̫ǿߣǿҲֻסƬֻ̣΢ƬʱʲôӦﻹ
׳һʮɶ೤ͬһ˲䳯ǧӰеһȥ˲ͽǸ̫˸ʵʵ
󹦸ɣ󼧿˿ԼûΪڸո΢Ѿʾ
Ȼ⻯ܿͶɢΣֻʣǸɫס̫
ʣǱ塣


һǧپʮ ̫
˿̫䣬˿ǱĶãʩչʲô޷ѣǱ󣬻ǱСԶӦıС˰Ҳûӳ
΢ſһʵ
һЦһԵãҲô⣬Ҫ֪ɲѰͷܴ󣬶һȻǱ֮ǿסˡ
ֻһգ΢ʩչ䷨ֽƶӳڷ̫ϣһƺ䷨ӳȥ̫Сȥ
ȷû֮˲ǰ鿴
󼧣㲻˵̫Ϊô΢Ŷ̫һ˫ɫ˫Ŀʵ
ҡҡͷǰ̽Ƿʲôʩչĸ֣̫嵱ץһ
һֳ棬Ż棬ץ󲻶˻Уֳ棬̻Ȼ
ֲãǵħ棬ǵ֮ƵĹƳ棬֪ˣ̫ʱͰ˹ƶˣ˵ز˾ʱɫһ䣬æ˵
ֻȻ󼧻һ
˵ͬʱǹƳͻȻһɼΪֲϢͬɽ緢һ㣬˲ӳһǿ档
һŻ֮ڿγһ߳ɵľ޴Ӱ
ͷ۹ڣ棬ͬһ㡣
Ϣǿ˲ɱһˡ
΢һϢ嵽˲䱻ȥǧ֮⣬ײǣںǶѵС
ʱɫҰףȴǼæֺ֮αضһڵ˽ƽϣңҪ뿪޹ء
ԭ׼ȥһָ΢ɱ⻰Ǿ޴ĻӰȴͣŤͷ󼧣ʵΪЩϷס㽫̫֮ˣУЩϷֵһᣬԭ㣬ǾԲһΣ֪
֪ǰֻǵ֮һѣˣҲһ˿Կ˼
֪ܶԿֻ֮ӣڿﻮôʱܼƻЦһ㡣
գʲôûı䣬һ̫΢
ʱԶһ⣬΢˿΢ɫףֳ׽֮ǿԺڿ⣬˹ȫԸ
֮ҲΪ죬ҲûڣЦһ̧һָȥ˲ռݣСһܲһֱָ飬΢ҲǱһָٴδɳȥһΣ΢ǧ֮⣬Զһ޴ɽĺײķ顣
ˣһȥֻϣҲûҪϾɱԶв㡣ָЩǿԼ侲
뷨ӱס΢̫֮ǿˣ쾳Բƥеģ۷壬쾳Ҳֻ·һ
ûԼ΢ڿԶԿֻ֮ǶԷһ
֮νȻϣɱͲɱȷûʲôϵղһָԲֵܵģҲˣ·߰ɣҵİ檡
ҧȭͷ߬֨֨죬ҲֻܴǻĹʱСΪ֮ղһָѾ룬ֿռڼҪ˶ãͻ᳹ױ顣
һָһ磬쾳˵ͨ
ȵ󼧴ùͷһۣԶ̫ڵϣ΢ǧ֮ⲻ֪
֮ķһţǰͳһѷ죬һ˹ȥٻͷһۣתѷ˲䣬һ䡣
֮ķҲǻһгȥ֮ռѷպϣ·ûгֹһ
֮ؼڱһɣľ
ҵǣ֮زûڣҲֻ·һ
ʱ̫ӵֱһѪȻ֮ǰռ壬˵ܴ󣬲˿̫ȻǼҪ䣬ȴǻָԭǡոշһУ֪ȻƱɷħ֮壬ǵá
˿ǿһȻٷɳȥںǶѵе΢ҵ˿֮ѾҪ𣬵ʱӲȥͻһʧ
΢˿Ѿ²֪ղһָ̫ǿ󣬻ˣ΢ȴֻܴضѡ
̫ʱ룬æҧһڱѪڿγһѪţУͬʱ֮سױ飬һС䡣
̫΢ͷӳ졣


һǧپʮ ұɱ
Ǻˮ·ٲ΢۾ȴû
Ѿˣ΢Ȼһʱ֪ԼʣΪֹܴΪصһΡ
Ѿɵ壬˿ҲǼ飬ϱ鲼ƣ·ҪĴһ㡣
֮⣬΢ò׾ۼ֮ҲǱɢʣ۷ʱڵһɡ
Ҳ΢ΪǿᣬȻڵˣ֮ǰǵ֮һָͱɱˡ
һ΢СΪԲͿ顣
֮һĸ֣ӵеԳ΢󣬵΢ܹûǵ֮飬ʱԷ֣΢û΢ʵԶǿͬˡ
֮΢˿ŤͷһԱ߲Զͬŵ̫˶һۣȻһ仰û˵
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̫ʱƳĬ֪ǾŶɵת󼧵ǰܹһΣһ㶪ʱҾͺ˵Ƕ֮һɾȫɾ֮ԿһٶǻһӶõĸ֣֮ǿƥС
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Ѱһ΢Ҳһ΢ĽҲҶʣæ˳ȥ
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ݼɹŽˣȻǼΪˣ̫Ҳû뵽ɹŽ¶ο֮Цãá
΢ûдˣ˹ָˣһ˵̫أҪȫָ򵥡
΢˿ûκηϻһ·ˣǵΣǼǰ
һǱɹŽҲ̫˵˺ܶ໰ʱֿ̫΢Ŷɣ˾ŵиԵ֮֮ǿԶģΣΪﻮ׵Ϊ԰ѶԷȴ֪ӲԷƿأһңԲҪȥˣ¡
̫˵ʵ΢һҲǾûн˵飬ʱǶûϵʱ䳤˿϶׷Ȼ֮ľЩ飬޷
һɾȫɾȰңҺ󼧲ţΣӦҲˣˣҲ˵飬ԪѾӣҲ㲽Һ󳾡̫ǿɬ
ʵֲ֮붾ʱѾ֣֮ǰҲ뾡취ɾͬݺ֪ŬͷҲһա
ɹŽһ̫ҪɣǱϸ̫ͷЦŽʲôҲѹȻԪƳʮˣԪվкľһգ̤վ֮Σֻ죬Ҫġ
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΢̫ܿľģҲûоֽܾԴӹԴΣȴ·
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˵ͷֻǿ΢뿪ķ˼

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紵棬Щ⡣
΢飬һͲʲôˡ˵ʵ΢û뵽ôһҪ֪ǿһɾս翪һɵ棬Ȼ˽ηηţȫȻûǰֿɳİ
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ȴ۽Ὺʼɡ
۽ỹ˲ſʼʱ䣬ǰμ۽˻˵죬΢ɹŽںôŶ
棬ۣͬһ۽Ļ᳡ӿȥ΢Ҳǻǰȥڶ˻Ǳ£Թ۽ķᣬȡ֣ٿʮ꣬˹伮͵ҩ˵ֱӵΪ


һǧ٩һ Ů
ʱдһϵ
˷۽Ϊ߻ɽ
Ȼû˻ԼΪѣôһЩˮĳģʱҲԼվ
𣡡Ǹһλߵƣ䣬Ϳɽӿһɷѹŵ棬ϵ³
ʱ˶ǲмһˣǶ˾Ϊκǡ
ߣŲμ۽ҪͨһЩڿҲһ㰡һм
ҵǸΪˣСκǣʵǿЦԸ⣬ɽɽǴ磬Ҳɽһͷ׳˶Ц
ȻҲɫصˣ֪۽ĹأΪμӵ̫࣬ԲŻֳʼ̭ЩΪǿˡȻˣһɴ;Բô򵥡
ܿ죬ҪȺӴʱͻȻǴ绯ΣȻǱڡ
绯һ˼״ɫ䣬վʩչͨȹΡ
е˷ӦеûУһ̣ھѾЩΪһ㣬ûʲôǱײķֱӱ嵽ɽ¡һ̴ضڲΪҲȫֵЩ绯ײϣֻȫֳײ
΢˿̿ȴǺ⡣
ѾˣǱȥҲֵ̫Ǯˣڴ󲿷˶վԭأ֧ŵʱ΢Ȼӭڼǰϡ
ͬϵ˲ֻ΢һ¿ȥҲвٵģ󲿷ֶʵѵıȥʵпɵֻվԭأ֧ţֻЩĸֿϣһ£֮Ĳһ۾ͿԿ
Щ绯пԼɽģǸ֣Ȼ࣬ʣ۽Ҫ߾Щˡ
ʱԿˣ⼸˺Զ绯һд⡣
ǶǴڵľӣҪôѾ˸֣Ȼͬ졣һĽ
ǰˣһڵľӣ½ͺɣ˵ˣѾڣΪǷ
΢ʱҲȥȻһӷε˿첽ϣƺЩ绯Ǻ谭
о̨ļλʦҲƵᰡ˿Զۣ·˵
ھǴڣҵᲢ۵ģ۽ҿҲֻдڵӲȡΡ
ҲδأûǱ̽ͲɢˣһΪҲڣͬǲ绯
ԶȷһǰߣЩ绯ͬͷ·һֱϣֵܵķâ֮⣬һһﻹһܹȥΪ죬Ͼý֮˶ֻ࣬һѽôѽϵĵȷ֮١
ƣǲɱҲˡһ˿һźɫɮµĺŵɫ԰ס
һѪɮ£ΪۣͷǷ٣ֳһŻȣÿһ¶ӰֻǰѪ
ɱ
΢üͷһ壬һ·ȷҲ˵ٸ֣оɱţ˵λɱأԣҲڵĸ֡
˵۽һأǾֻڻµ˲μӣ˵ˣǸ󱲺һԵĳ
˵֮Ҳо־Ҳðݵ棬ϸǶ֣Ƕ̫۽ᡣ
Ǳ˭ĵӸǿ˭ĺ󱲸ߡ
ϸ˵ǴڵӵϷֻΪ˹ƽɢҲԲμӣÿľΣǱڵӰѳ֡
΢ɱһۣ֪Էһ֣ԷȻҲܸӦ΢ĿһȻ̧ͷ΢
΢Ȼ壬ʱҲö¶ˣԼʱջĿ⡣
ɱʱЦˣҲ֪ǸӦʲô뵽ʲô
ʱԶһХУͼһһͷɫɽһλеŮ
ģһ˲ţֲÿԱŮϣ˵ŮѾȼ޷ǰĸɷ򶼱ˣ֪ʲôʱ
һС˵ֻСȴҲǱϵ¶ɱץͼһצץȥֱӽǸ˵ĳ⡣
Բѷɱ˵Ҫ֪ĿһǳڵˣȻǵסһУ֪˵ֶΡ
һ£ûٸ̸۶Է΢Ů֮һ˿Ⱥɱ
Ȼ


һǧ٩ 
΢ȷû뵽Ȼˣҿӣ˵Ϊǣ΢ҲóӦںѪ⣬Ż
ν̤Ьٴȫѹ򣬼Ȼ㣬⣬˷ұ㽫նɱԸοЩ㺦֮˵Ӣ顣΢˵
Ůһնɱһˣ֮ɫɨڶˣ˸֮ӣ󣬱ЦһɽٶȻȱ˿˺ܶ࣬Ͼһͷġ
΢ʰ飬֪ǱĻᣬٵһһ۽ҲὫⱰСɱ
ڶԷΪ΢Ȼ֪ôʱڵģ΢óԷڲȹ̣˵ֱһ㣬һαڸ֡
΢ڵΪԶԸˡ
ʱ΢֮˵ĵطһɾʹ΢ȻںתżҲᷢ
΢ͣ½ŲԲֹԭͲ԰׵ϸֳһɲ̬ȻǿȳһѪ
Χһҡͷ̫ǿˣ֮ǰϣΪжǿΪԭǿš
Ա߸պ·ˣ⼸˴ɫȻȻҲԴڵˣһòΪŮˣ΢ӣŲ̣ǰȡһƿҩ㣬۽ҪΪҪԵǿ󲻵á
΢һ㶣֪ԷǺ⣬һĵҩôεԼƣҪ֪һ˴ģѾް΢ҡͷҩβҵˣлл㡣
΢˵꣬Ůһһ˾ɫһ㶣ŭôĿƲصҩˣ
һ˵⼸˶ɫƣһģϵɨ΢һۣ˲ʶ̧٣ֺαع
ԱһŮҲǵͷ˲ǿͨ绯֮󣬽ѪȻ˿˵ҩβˣֱЦҪ֪صҩѰû뵽Ȼ˲ʶ̧֮ˣˣֻ֪ˣ
΢ҩǸŮҲҡҡͷǰȥЩոҲֻǺģǶԷҲˡ
Ҳû˵̾˿Щ£ǿá
˵꣬תͬȥ
΢״ǿЦһȻԷˣԼѪΪ绯Ǳ֮˵ȻǱ֮ˣκεҩûãֻԼ˵΢ȻأսģûȬΪûдﵽʢĴ֮ǰҪ
֮⣬΢ﻹһɱﵡ
Ǿ̫ıԴⶫ΢һֱûǵʺϵʱ֮ǰǽԼƻָһЩΪ㣬ʱһ·ɱ΢һԴӦ΢Ϊڡ
Ͼ̫֮ǰڵΪΪҲӦڣһԴ΢Զ׼ġ
ͷ΢ղһѪ֮󣬸оԼֺһЩ˾һЩ
ϣ΢˵绯Ҳһ΢ûжκͷֵֻƾֵƥĳȻһһȥ
ڣϵһ룬ԴԴϵ绯ͻȻʧԭ΢߳ǸΧʱ΢̧ͷһѾǵһɽƽأѾۼˣ֮ǰҲ
۽ľƣǻƾأϣأ֮ǵؾؾ֮쾳Ҫڸߵľ֮۽ҪϵӦ򡣡ʱǰһ˽
Խϣ·ϵѹԽǿʵã۽ãǧҪǿ˼
˵꣬ͼмȻƾǼϣУһڵ½ͺɣ̨ļʦɢ̽ͣɱŮԼǼص˸֡
΢֪ҲǽһڵĴ֮һ̷Ƿ
ȻǼв˼ϣڸߵľؽ۽
΢ûߡ
һ˵Ҫȡľеĵһǵһ
΢ҲǳЩˣľصеһôõĽԲһСĿ
£΢ɣһΪԼһһǰºڣȻ˵ǾҪ


һǧ٩ 
۽Ҫһѡڻƾͼ۽صģʵ϶һЩΪߣ׷׵ˡ
ǵΪСʣЩ˶ҲʵģΪؾ쾳ƾĵһᣬҾҲЩǿ׵ĸ֡
ȻҲһЩΪʵѡ£ھҵƾĽġ
죬۽ҪĶһľ֮
ƾĽ˿̾ǰһ̨ϣһʵĻɫ⣬âͬһɫĹֱʡ
ƾ۽ܼ򵥣κ˶Դһƾ죬ܴܲߣͿλԵʵˡ˿̣һ߿˵ȻǼάˣΪڡ
һվ˭ҲΡ
߻һ䣬˰Ͳסȥ
λɽ˶򽭣һ棬ƾ죬ȡߣºұȻÿһݺ񡣡
ʱһһ׳ϸ̨˵ֻڳûһߣҾӣ᲻Ҳ˵
ȻҲһЩ֪ⶭ򽭵֪ԷҲĺΪѾǳ۷壬ҪǣӴ󣬸Ƥˣͬ˵Уѷ֡
˵ӣ֪ȥҲⶭ򽭵Ķ֣Ҳ˲Էһ
򽭣ΪԼֵǮ˵Ҫǽƾø㣬Ϲ˵һʵ㻹ûʸ񡣡һӹȥӺ߳һ߾ųߣȴͬһˣ֮ػľήࡣ
ںϹôǴͶĳһ𣿡ִһץ·󺣣յһˮ⵴ͼһ飬ȻǴһгһ
һѾӣеĵطһ㣬ޱȣ͸һֿ˺յܡ
ȻǶ򽭵ķƾҪ߶Էһս
ͼǺںϹɭɭһЦ򽭣Ūı£ͣŻŻ˿ԣҪŻңЩֻҪ㣬е˳һףе˲ᣬңбˣ֮ƾ죬ԶȥǰûҺˡ
źںϹ˵Χ߳һˣֻҪ΢һ֪һ֡
⵱УвˣǿҲڣ۽йأƽ۽μӵˣΪֻڡ
ڣֻȥؾ쾳Ľ죬ȻԹһЩ׿ԽˣҲͳֹһᵽûгֹľ챻һ˻ȡ顣
ϾҪƾΪ߾ڣɳΪЩڵ˶ԵУ
Ϊˣҹ΢˵ľĻһ죬ţΪǴûз顣
ͬڣ׼ֵĶ򽭣ںϹˣҲֻǽĿڻƾ棬ǵĿ꣬ҲһǵռĿ꣬΢һƾֻǵһὣḶ́΢˵һ
һͨǿߵ
ɹŽҲһ
ǼΪʸƾζֻܶԷʱ΢ʱȥ
飬˭ǰζŶԷ׼ƾɱУԾ˶ǼΪϾ˭ֻ֪һҲ˵ճΨһһʤߣˣġ
еֻһᣬлǻ᳢ԣûУǺܾܿͻת뿪һǹһ
˵ˣ۽Ȼܶ˶Բμӣ׻ǿߵϷ
ʱ΢ǰĺҪᡣ
򽭺ͺںϹŤͷһۣ΢֮¶м֮ɫ
֮
ûϵ΢˭ԶɲֵһĴڣ򽭻Цû㣬⽣ɲ˭ģһЩС˾ˣȥУǲôĶ֪㡣
ﵱУȻ΢¶˳Ĳм
ֻ΢һ仰ȴǳ׼ŭ˶򽭺ͺںϹˡ
λǵеĳˣ˵ڳĸλǶ
Ȼ΢仰ɹļŭˣ΢Ŀģڶһɱ޲ýԼ̻ˣ΢ķӦֻһ
ǾĳɹŽӭȥ
΢ĥΪԴ˿κηֻ
Ҳ΢һ·飬ȻδҲһԭǿжֻƼء


һǧ٩ һ
ɹŽ˿̵Ӹһϸĵ֮ǰûвѪʱ䳤ˣϾͻѪߣ⼣һȥۣͬһѧͽ֮涭򽭵˶ôΪģһ֣Ǿ֪Լش
ֻһ棬ݽͱɹŽһնΪҲǶóһȫնȥǽ΢˴һսΡ
ȴǽȻ෴
ѵݽˣҲǱ΢նҲǳ۷ˣһֱҪնеĵطҪѾ
ͨһˤڵϣֻоֽ֣Ҳɱܶǿߣûһǽ
ˣڳ˲䣬ٶȺƾȻԴﵽ̶ֳȣеʱ򽣿ͶԽȵĲͽƷʣǱȵƺ
ʣ˵־֮£Լֱֽͬһ˲Ͱ
򽭾;ֵĿЩ˸֣һһնɱȻҲõֻˣԼһ̱ڵϣǰһĻ
û˸սš
ΪͲɱɱ
ֵв٣ͷҲв٣٣Ǵ˿̣΢һѾɱ˴롣
ֳ˵֫ϱɢһأѪɺӡ
ЩˣҲκβöԷڶ򽭵Ǹɱԭȥûô
һģ·𴵿ˤ˭뵽͡
ԶԼŵά˴˿ҲǿƤ⻹ô
Īǣڣһʧ˵ȷĴڣпڵˡ
Ǻܿҡͷᣬ֮ǰǶ̽ΪҲֻڣڸ֣ʯͨѹΪǿԿġ
Ҳǵͷȷˣֳֳɱķ˾Щֲˡ
Ǻڣ
µǣԷڶûжκֻһһɱϰ˸˹롣
ںϹ˿̾ޱȣҪ֪ΪˣѾ޳ɲ֮
Ϊ֮𣬵Ѫ
˽ںϹ⽴ƾǾڸոգһֱ۱ն£Ȼ
ԷĽһȻ赲ǰǴûй顣
֮⣬ںϹ֪ԼǶԷĵ֣Χڶ࣬Լֵ˶ԷעȻղԼѾˡ
ںϹ벻ͨҶԷѹûжκȴһа٣ǽ쵽£Ҳ£еʩչԵҲǱԷһն
ںϹ⡣
һʼնֻʣ°Ķ򽭣˿Ѿһˮ룬Ѿûὣ˼ЦټȥǱɡ
Ȼ˲ֻвѾû־Ѿ˳սţãҲá
ղǿǿһѾõˣֻоͱԷնΣ
Ҫ֪ǿڵˣȻǱɱһնɱ˭˭£
ӳЧ˪Ҳ޷赲֮˸УȲԷһѳ
ʣµ˶Ѿսţһ΢˷ԣȻͨһڵϵλʾ쵱С
΢Ľͷĵطͣ˼оԼͷƤϾҪп
ˣ໹ŵˣĸѾʮɣһĿ΢
΢ûսɨһΧǾأоòҪὣģɱӮˣøǡ
û˴Ϊû˸ҡ
΢һЦͷһЦڱȴͷԤʲôõҪ
ǲ˵Ǿòĳý죬Ǿͼսɡ΢˵һһϯͬһȭڶͷѾ˵Ķ򽭵һȡ쾭壬Ҷķڷ
ںϹҲǼæ˵ýҲ˵ý죬óϷ
ʵ顣
һƥУ㲻ý죬˭ý죿
Χ̱̬ǲҲ̬˵пܱԷɱͿղŵһһĸǶԷĵ֣
ԲС


һǧ٩ 
ƾ۽֮أڶ鸴ӵĿ΢ƾȡ£Ҳһȡ֮ǻһ⣬Զ΢ĺ󱳣ȥ΢һɫ죬ӭƮ
΢̸оԼΪȻûƾ۽һôֻн
Ǽάֻƾ۽ˣ˿˹۽ĹأڻƾһĽһһ΢
ҩһڼס
΢ҩãҲãҪһ·Ĺģ᱾ĩ΢λ飬һڼȴǲ
ǿһƯڿеҺҺʣ΢ӹ֮ⷨͼһŽȻǻһ⣬ٸ΢棬γһƤڼס
ǧСһ׷ף±Ƥϣ˸оڣȴԵֵһ˵ĹɱֻҪӳַ̾ͿԱɷΪǿĽס
Ȼףڵ΢ҲƲֵȼķףǳڵ֣֮ҶԷ϶һָʦ
΢׵Ǹ˵Ҳӡ֤΢Ĳ²⡣
ˣǳȵʦʦƣֵ˽һ΢˵ͷҪȥ죬ôһףȷֶ˼ְա
Χ˿ȻĽޱȣֻ֮ǰǶ΢ɱˣҲֻĽһ¶ѡ
ˣǻƾ۽һǷҪɽ߻ؿϢʵ
΢һЦҲ˵ֱӳ۽ȥҪ֪ɽһ·΢ľٶΧ˶ǲԡ
Ҫʲô
֪Ҫȥ۽أֻȥʲô
ܿ죬дƺ뵽ʲô¶֮ɫ
ĪǣǴ죿
ܣ˻ƾ۽֮⣬۽˲μӣ಻ڣθȥ
ȥ˰
˿̣΢ѾŻƾٵʯף۽֮طɱȥ
λҲһȥһǲȥμ۽
ڶҲǸ΢һ·ֱϣ۽֮أ˿̣Ҳݱ
΢ĵȻҲڶ˵ע⣬ûӣ΢˿̫ˣĻƾ˿̷Ľ⣬΢˶ԡһֽ֮£ܲע⡣
˵β΢ڶˣͬƺƴ
ΪʱԵʣ۽Ѿĺڣڲμģֻˣûǳˣ֮˿ռƵģһڵˡ
һ̨ɮµĺУ˵һ
˿̨̤Ժʮǻ֣˽ΧŲ˸֣ȻǱλ̨Ĵܵġ
վźͶԷһµģֻʣˡ
ҲΪףͬڣǸ̨ˣƺûʲôȡʤֶΡ
֪ˣ̨ˮΪҪʵѾԺһڵ½ᡢᲢۣǣˮΪؾ쾳춼пܣΪ˱պףȴ죬⣬ػᱻȡ棬򽭺ͺںϹҲˣǺ΢ûҪǵ΢Ҫʲô
˿۽ռŵ̨ˮ֪Բˡ
ˮ˸֣ڵУҲǲ׵ĴڣԺ̽ͣɱȸһµ
Ժ֮ˣԼֻǸֵᲢ۵ġ
Ҳãֵ˲֪ȥսˮѰ·˵ոյõĻƾҲᱻˮߡʱС˵
ɻԱߺںϹҲһݣ΢䣬лЩʣ˿̼΢Ȼ֪۽аͲÿ΢ùǱնɱ
ȻԷҲпֻδػеս
ҲǴ˵ֻ̬ӾһӲӣܻܿ
ʣ̨ˮһӲӣӲޱȡ
ʱǰ׼ҲŤͷȴǿ΢룬üͷһ塣
ˮҲǳѾõ˵ʵǶˮʵûʤ㣬ֲľôｩ֣ʱͻȻһ˱Żƾһ㶣˾Ǵϲ


һǧ٩ ٶ
ϲǣ֪˶Ȼǻƾ۽һȻܵõƾ죬Է˽ӦûȥȴⲻǸǴ˻᣿
᲻죬һƾҲ
˶ϣȻͬʱ΢
һ֪һ²սˡ
΢޾ɫˣɹŽһɨʯ֮䣬ѾǺ˴վˮǰ
ٿˣͬʱԵڵأÿһϣߴɼǵĽˣλãպý˴ѨڣǶûüʩչͱ΢նڵء
߽ǽǷˡ
΢Ľ̫ˣ쵽˶ûпô֣Щˣ壬˵Ƕ΢Ҳɻ޽¡
ˮԭأ˿̣΢ٴ򵽺ԼѾõˣҲɫ䡣
ˮΪһߵģʣ޳ɴǻ۵ˣȻԺҲʮǻ۹֡
ΪôǻۣԴ˿̼΢֪Ƕ֣ԼԲǵ֡
һ˲䣬ˮͷŵ֪λγƺ
΢΢ֽ
ǻƾ۽һ˷ǰΪһˮʡ
΢شɼ
һΣˮĬã̾˿˫ֺʮˣС֪Уһ˵˰ɡ
˵꣬Ȼˣˡ
Χ˿ľҪ̨֪һеĶˣˮڵˣȻǲս
ô򽭺ͺںϹǲţǱΪ֤һɱȻ˱ûɶ˭뵽
΢ʱЦˣãĳ顣
˵꣬΢һֱ̤㽫Уһ̣󱳣˿̣΢ѾӭƮ
ˮѾ̨֮ͬǰСѯʣΪλ䣬óһ
ˮЦսˣֻˣȻˣֺαֿԡ
۽ߺ۽͵Ĳ࣬⻰е˼еҡͷˮ̫С
֪ˮѾǻۣе΢Ĺȥۣˮǻۣǿ̽鵽һδ֮ơ
ˮ츳ֻм֪һΣȻԼƾҲԲ˵ĵ֡
֪䣬ֺαս
ˮ޷𷨣½Ե֣ԵֵˣȻԵõҪĶԵֲҲǿ󲻵á
ͬһȻҪעģҲǿ󣬲ȻԼԼ鷳
һξ΢ԼҲû뵽ȡףϸ˵΢ֻǻˣȻˮ䣬ϸһ֪ˮѾ۽֮عϵĵһ֣䣬΢õһҲʵ顣
΢ʵٶͬ۽ĹҲһ˼Ĺ׼΢
ʱΪȷûսרΧһ䡣
ս
ʵ˼Ҳв٣ʱҲӦ˵΢֮ǿˮ˱ᣬ˵ղһ³֣΢ֽ˲ͽֻܣ˭ֵܵ
ȻֵˣȥҲ䡣
Ӧսˣֻǰչأ۽Ļʤߣͬʱ轱
Ȼƾ۽ҪһΣһ΢õĶһףõһһö˵ҩ
öҩ˱ǣٻ񵤣˵ֻҪص˶κá
ò˵ⶫ΢Ҫһĵҩβ΢ڵƣϾһָ΢µģͨĵҩɵһҩ壬Ҳֲֵ̱ʴһա
΢ƾòԭ
ŰٻǸ⣬öҩģ˵һλ쾳֣Ȼ쾳Ƴ˵ҩкܴܿȫ΢
΢˵ƻָҲǺ£Ϊ΢֪ĵؾ۽쾳۽ԼԲ׵ĻʤʱƱһսԼվһܽκãȡľ۽һаġ
΢õٻֱ֮ſھȥ
ˣ˵˵ƣ֮ðԱһһ䣬΢ұˣöҩˡ
һ£ڶ˲ŷӦֲ֮ǰ΢ȥģԭˡ
ֻҲӦ΢ͣƾ۽۽ĵһȬĪǻҪȥؾ۽쾳ֽĵһ


һǧ٩ 𾪵
ڶ룬̨ˮҲôģǰʵˣǴҪľһ𣿡
ˮ΢ǸоԷ֪ˣҺҲߣԵͷҾҪľһľ졣
񣡡
Դ󣡡
뵽е˸ֱ˵ڡ
ˮ˼ĵ˵ͷȻ׳־Сξ֤ⴴʷһ̡
֮䣬ȻǶ΢ĻŲɣϸһ룬ͻ֪ˮ𲻹΢ģһ΢пһ㡣
ˮô˵Ҳͷһ֪ˮ͵ˣǷӦˮ޳ɴǻ۵˷𣬴ԣĿδ֮£ô˵ˣĪ΢Զȡľ죿
ǰǴû飬˵ԷȻܵûƾ죬˵ΪֻڣˣܵеùЩڵĸ֣
벻ͨҲ벻ס
ԽˣԽǹǵĺģҲˣǴ΢ȥ΢Ѿ˻ƾ죬Ŀ꣬Ӧþǵؾ졣
ʱ˵Ӧû㹻Ϊ۽ƷԽߵĽ죬ľԽǼңԺķѵʱҲԽࡣ
΢ʱΪ̳˰ٻ񵤣ԭѾ˺ܶ࣬ҩЧĳƻõĸ죬˿̣ѾûԭǲĲ԰ףȻЩ
Ȼˣ΢ȻҪٽֱؾ۽֮ضȥŵˣ֮ǰֶһ
һȺ˺ƺƵϵؾ۽֮أڻƾؾ۽֮صͺˣϾ˭֪۽ˣǸеĸ֣һڵˡ
Ѿû˵Ĵڡ
ڴ˿̣ؾ컹ûб˶ȡ˿мλɱ
һһڵĺɣһڣ½ųһ˫ܣΪ൱Ȼؾ죬ôȻ½϶쾳졣
ͺɶսģɢ̽ͣشڷεˡ
ϲ˽磬ҲǺһڡ̨岢еĴڣȻҲΪȻ漸˻̽ûȫҲǱ˴³Կ
΢һȺ˺Ȼ˵Ŀ⣬΢һĺɣɢ̽Ͷֻüͷһ壬΢ǲ֪˭΢ĻƾȴǼΪۡ
Ǽˣ΢һ㶣ɫһ䡣
ȻϵãⱳŻơˣ֮ǰɽʱǸܾǺǸˡ
˵УǸŮ˸Ŀ¶֮ɫ֮ǰ΢ģΪԷΪǿд绯Բˣ˸̫ǿ۽֮أҲԲκն
ڵǽ֮ǰΪǵĲ²ȫƷžžʱԼĸԷ˵ҩƷԷֻܾΪԷǿţٿ˼Ҳ⣬ǳǿƲصҩ
û˻ɣܵõƾ˻ߡ
ƾ컹˵ҪãǾԲףԷȻն񣬾۽֮طʲô飿
˭
ϣǻƾ찡Īǣ˻۽һ
ⲻܣƾ۽ֻµ˲μӣҲ˵ܻûƾģΪҲֻڣһڣùЩڵˣܡ
˵ʲô
⡭
Χ˻̸ཻûŪʲǫ̂ڱȶļ˶ͣһڵĺֳֳ˼һֿܣͬʱûƾ졣
Ա˫ֳֽ̽ҲǹһЦȷпܣڵΪͬʱûƾ۽۽ĵһǾûˡ
һ⻰Χ˶ͷȷ۽Ҳֻôһֿˡ
ٿ΢¶˼ɫ
ǼˣЩ̣֮ǰǻԷû뵽˼ҾȻز¶ͬʱȡƾ۽һصҲ˿ҧ촽ϸ΢ҪԷʲôˡ
ʱ̽ͻȻʲôͻȻɫһԣԣͬʱȡƾһ϶úõĺôԲܵһ۽֮أǡ
˵ͣһ£һҲ׹ɫǴ䡣
ǴؾģҪؾ۽һԱһĺʧ˵š


һǧ٩ ̽ͳ
ȷǾˣôˣֻ˻ƾ۽һͿˣȻ˳۽һҲȡ
⻹㣬Է˼Ǵڵؾ۽Ҳһš
Ҳ̫Դˡ
˶΢Ĵ㣬Ͼ̫Զ׼һõˣܵؾ۽֮أԲֻѡ
ֻ˿ֻȡĽ죬ҲܷŹǺɣ̽ͣԼǼˣ˿̶¶̰
һǧѷĻᣬ˿̣ƾ졢͵ؾ춼ڴ˴˵ֿɵãֻᣬ˭ֻŹ
ǽĿ궢΢ϵͬʱ΢γǿǣʣ⼸˵ʵ˿ˮ̽ͣˮڻҪǿһ΢κһ֮ǰɻʤ
΢һ·ߵڣ֪ٸ֣ǿǿǣ
̽ͣصĸλ֣һȽ֮ͽ֪λΣʱ˵˵ʵ֮һˣ˵ѷʤȶԸ֮ͣܽԷϵĽؾ죬վҪܶˡ
Ϊ˺ǼթӣȻ޲ǰԷŪ֣ҲԷܵõȻҲǵ֮Ҫñ˰æ̽һ¡
ǶԷΪôþԼĶǻɱ̽ͣúЩɵģ̽ͣ̽ɱܾˣǲġ
Ժɶ̽͵˽⣬ԷһԴʱ϶̲ס֡
Ȼ̽ʹ˿ɭɭһЦ̧һץȻк򣬾ֱӶˡ
̽̽͵뷨ֺγ֪Ǹܵõƾ۽һԲߣ٣ԷǿԻˮĴڡ
ɼˣ̽Ҳ塣
ΪˮҪǿһֱûжóʵһΣñҪ˶ʱˡ
Լܸ֮ǰõǸ˱죬ʣԽʵƸߵһ硣
ʱ򣬾Ϳ֮ƣɺ˻ܣȵĽؾҲ
ǼΪҪһԼĽ춼֣ô̽ʸȥ쾳졣
ⲻǲܵ飬Ǵпܵ飬֮ǰ֮ѡڵؾ۽һ£Ϊ˱Ͼ쾳ģɱǸ̬ǸŮ
ǸŮȻ֮ǰĴˣ˵Ϊֻ벽ͿԲ쾳硣
۷ε˵УҲǾԵĸ֣һڵҲĶ֡
ôһɽŮǷ̬֮ᣬ˺һؾ졣
֮ǰ뷨õؾ㹻ˣڣı뷨ˡ
Խơأ춼һôаȥսɱǸ̬ŮҲʱľ켯һǴ¼
һ뵽Եõľ죬̽;ЩʱԼΪȻԸһ˵Խᣬһ̤ڡ
ĵڣôϲ˽Ҳһˣջܷ
ľΪǿ
ɴĹ⣬οҪԼȥ̽Էǳںɣ̽һٸƲϣΪһ㣬ֻŪıվ³ˡ
ϲ˽磬ƴĻʵ
Լʵ̽ʮɰգֻҪȫ˲佫Էɱ
ͼͻȻ֣˲һ콣ϯΪ֣Ѿýɱ˵ĲΡ
磬һͿ˲Ϣɱˡ
֮ӰΣ˶ΪԼϴŵѽ˭֪ɱﵣ˲֪µ֮
ɱ΢֪̾ȻȻҲ׼
ڶԪ񾵣Ԫ񣬺ϻ
΢˿̶Ԫ񣬾ͼǰֲİ⾵棬䣬ǧٸԼ֮⣬֮ϣ
̽Ͳһ֣ĸ֣Ϊڣ΢ֵȼĸȫʱҲֻܷܶâ
ͼ֮ϯֱӺ΢ľ֮ײһ
˲䣬飬΢ƺҲǿĽ֮ɨУ˲䱻ն
һͬնĻе棬ǧ֮һɽ塣
ɽ޴ޱȣȻǱһɨ·һ㱻նȻѣ˲ɽ캳졣


һǧ٩ β
̽ܽһɨǬڿȻˣûгγ񽣣ƻһ˿һĻ̾
ഫ̽͵ĽǴһص쾳ȡģϲ˽磬һ˾ôλҲ֪λ˵Ĵˡ
ֹ֮ǧ̤֮꣬˻֪Ҫ࣬Ǵ̽õĴУӦþһλϹ˵ģȻɣΪЩڵӶҪǿ̫ࡣ
̽΢֣˾̾佣֮ǰ̽ͶսһںɣʱҲüͷһ
֮̽ǰȻûȫ֣벻鷳ˣ̽ͽɱȡƾ죬ٷͷؾ죬˭Ķ֣ʱҲɵ
ܿ죬Ǻɣڶ˿΢ڣһ㶡
Ѿն΢˿̾ȻǻһӰʧ٣һƾմӲԶ֮߳ǰˡ
ûˣһ¶ȡ죬֮ղžȻûþƭȡ̽͵ĹҲ֮˰ǷӦ˹Ȼһսô׷ֳʤ
ȻúɺǼ˺ǸˣϣģǶԷɱĥʵܾˣǲлᡣ
˵̽ͣԼͻϮȻûЧҲһ㶣֪ԼոЩ֮ˣΪʮþȵ飬û뵽ԷȻ˽թûзҲûӲƴǲһķûԼɱС
һնɱȥֻնһȻΪջ
̽Ͳͨˣ˲ͽЩ궯̬ˣľˮ֪̬ҪԽǺ͸ֶգ̬ԽҪһͻԷͻץסй
ֻǶһʤ̽ʮġ
˲֪ĵ̣Ҫ֪̽õĽУԸ޵ΪģҲ˵ղһ⣬ֻ̽ȻãɣҲûйϵ
һԼ֣񽣶γʼɱ֮ͬڣûĵ֣һ̽ųš
ѽͨ񽣣ǶӦ졢ءһʩչǳնǬΪߵˣҲֻ˱ᣬԲӲӡ
Ϊߵˣֻˣ˵ΪˣԷΪֶη࣬ھԵ֮Ҳֻ޵
뵽̽ЦһסһѳĽҪһ콣γ
콣һγĹƾͻ֮ʼʱ򣬳ǶԷ˭Ҳ޷ԼĹͣ
սɣ֮ҵĽҫ̽˵Ҫν
ֻһ̣ͻȻɫһ䣬һѽȻǰβ
̽ʹһͷһȴǿͽϣһϸС׻മһ
ô£̽͵ȷǴһû뵽ᷢ飬ȻӦǶԷֶΣֻǾʲôʱģ
̽ϱһǿޱȵ׼ǿаνʱһѾ˲䣬һֱҪ
һ죬ûκֻн򵥣ȴѷ
̳һȻ΢һʼͿ̽ѽҲ΢ʱɹŽѾ˽һ΢ĽٶԽĸӦѾǳ̫ࡣ
̽͵ѽܲ򵥣΢֪Էѽɱﵡ
˵ʵҪΪڵ΢̽ͣ΢õľһս
á׼ӹȽøոյľ֮סԷ񽣣Ȼٹһٵ춨ʤ֡
һΣֱ̽ײ޵нڴ֮ǰȴѾ΢Ĺ
ֻɲ֮䣬̽;ͱ΢ѹסϺˣ΢ĽȻû̽͸ղնĽǰͺƺƴ󣬵ȴȴ򣬽ȫгϣðֺԽռơΪûжĶ΢Ľ죬ɹŽ쳣һնߴ̵¶Է׻Ҳûá
Χ˿Ŀɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽΢˹ϣҾȻܽ̽͵ѽס
ڼ䣬̽Ҳͼγ񽣣ȻҲһССʱȴǽڵĸֱƵվ
ڵ̽Ϳ˵ǼΪջҲ޷ƽľͿ׻ʤֻҪγ񽣣Ϳϵն콣Է΢ɱ
ֻҪܰγ񽣣ʲôⶼˣڵǣƫƫûӰγѽ


һǧһʮ Խ
̽͵ɱкֶΣϣȴòϣǽһλţʵӲһ룬Ȼ޷ƽ̬Ǳ΢̵ϣʹ˱ŭԵ
ɱ㡣̽ϱȻѾǽ뱩ŭУѾǲںķѱΪ
ն˷ûǣ΢ҲǱУϽѪ
ʼգ΢ı鶼ûκα仯ľҲͬ޲Ĺžˮһ
˵Ϊ˵ľ̫΢ȻҪ̽Ҫ̫ࡣ
ŭе̽ʹ˿Ǵһű΢ƵͣƬ̣ǳƬ̣ϾȻǱŷҽǣ콣͵һΡ
һΣ̽ȫ֣ҽ֣֮˲ʮ⻹㣬Ի͵е
ȻҲǱһӰ죬Чֵסŭ̽ͣ޴ѣһ콣һ̽ǰγ콣
γˡ
̽;̽ͣȻͬ죬ıƺ̽ʹ򶷣ôܵóѣջÿ
վСϲ̨棬һǽ̽ͳŭˣǰ
Χ˼״ǳ˵ղǻ̽﷭һСܣ־ǳ֣ԶСᲢ۵ġ
Ǳ̽ͺòװγ콣ؿһֱѹŵģŵһҲǾһӽն΢
ʱһ̶ˣҪһʱ佫ԷնɱʬΣֻһͷ֮ޡ
Ϊżûнȫʩչʩչ޵н̽;ãֻҪԼ԰γԼ񽣣ҪɱԷ練ơ
콣Я޾նȥ΢۾ƽĿ£˿ûΪ̽ƽγ˿ɫûкһͬǻӶеɹŽ͵նȥ
ڶһһ
ҪԽ
˵ʱʱ죬̽ͱŭ𣬾ʹ콣΢նɱ΢˿壬ֳֳնȥѽֱӶնһ𣬷һ졣
Ϊ磬һ¶Խײǽĳӣʯ׷ɣԶάһæʩչȹ̵ŽǿȻؾ۽֮Ҳս֮±飬Ƿɻ
һЩ˶ֵסһԽĳ֮뱻Ƶĺһ룬һ¶Խ춯أǶһֳҲԷ񽣵Ʒʡ
ƷԲһ¶ԽȻһ۶ϡ
˶֪̽͵ĽͬСɣһΰγ콣ƣڳκһˣɣصЩˣ˵Խӵס϶Ǹ˱ȻѾ
ʱ뿴ȥȴǱǰһĻ˵
ȷһǽˣȴ΢̽͡
˿΢ֻӽƣһѿͨͨЩֲڵĳȻǺ溮ˣֻ̽ͣһѶѺĽһ콣ȻڶԽڰܱѡ
⻹㣬̽ؿڴ˿һнۣһ磬ȻҲˡ
̽ʹ˿̶жϽɫ䣬һʼŭ죬ܿ뵽ʲôŭɢ
ԭˣһʼĴ㣬ҪҶԽ̽ʱһϵȻأΪǲʲôֻҪͿԻָһζԽ콣٣ŭ˲䣬̽ҲǷӦ˹
ԷԼǰС
ֶԽκƴľǵ
һԽУȻˣļΪף̽Ͳޱ֮ˣʱϸһ룬֪һʼԼ³ˣǱס޷γŭ죬ʧȥƽ̬Ҫ֪ͶԽһңѾһ롣
֮Լȫγ콣Ӧ»ȴΪŭʤУʱǿԽ
Ľ
ĶԽʵ̽ͱ˭һɲǣһ˿ͳɣ۶ԷһʼǼᶨޱȣˡ
Ȼˣ̽һȴûٱŭʵϴ΢ŭʱ򣬾Ѿˣһͣݺᣬɱأľֹˮǽͣһ㣬ԼͲԷˣķڷ
λմɷ֪̽ʹ˿̳ʵû֮ǰƣǾϴ̬ƽ͡
΢΢
˽ף̽̾磬ˡ̽˵꣬ͷ콣ƬһһȫȻͷҲأɽ


һǧһʮһ ֮
̽;ȻôɽǺɻˣĿɿڴҪ֪̽ԸǿʤӲԼ䣬һȻˣûȥĵͷ
ںɺǿ̽ʵϲû䣬Ϊеؽ񽣣졢ءֻǱ콣СһЩȫ֣кܴʤġ
̽ͣʧΪǰĽͣȴû뵽ҲһС󱲣ֻǱ˻彣ˣߡʱһ䣬ʵûдﵽԤ룬˵ʵ̽˳ؾ۽˵ҲǺ¡
Ҫ֪ڵؾ۽Ϊߣľ̽ͣôһĸ˳ᣬȻǶ
ʱ򺫼ѾˣĿǰʵؾģֻԼ˻Ǹ΢ˣУɾԼĿ
ʱһתǳż˵صļλѣ΢ڰȻǽ̽ͱƵ볡Сﰡ
ô˵ȻҪ΢вֻҪ˶öԷǵؾ۽߾㹻ˡ
Ǽɫӣһʼ·ϼ΢ΪԷΪУǿֵ绯ȴû룬˼Ҳĸ֣쵱УѾǽƾУҸոջ̽ͣ˵ؾҲ֡
ǼȻ۽ȻҪ۽һҪõ˿֮ԣҲв΢
ˣʲôӦ֮ߣһ˳ʵ
ɹһЦֹ֮ܣȽ֮֮ĵһ
Ǽ˻һǵͷãǾͰպ˵İ졣
ˣڳϵһˣǴڣصеˣʵǿȴһֺϻ֮˾ͿԳȻҲԣ󷨱仯ˣؼ汸
ͺʱˣ˱㿪ʼվһ׼ֶԸ΢
Ǳˮˣɻܼ
ԭǵ΢Ϊãȴ֪΢˿״̬Ѿﵽ۷壬˿ҡͷģ˷ؾ۽΢ضһ
֪֪󷨵̳Ժǳ⣬˽³˸ӵͼƣ·ÿ˽¶̤һ⻷⻷ΧйâγɵĹôߣǹ͹⻷ʼնǽ¡
ֹ⻷֮£˵ϢɱɫͳɫĹƣ΢״Ҳüͷһ塣
ûᣬ֣˼״һһӶִ̧һޱȵķӡ
Σ
ɲ֮䣬΢Χ͸ֳ⣬Щٻƣ΢ڡ
΢ӦҲǼ죬ɹŽһɨҪЩն
ֻǽɨⲻ
׷ˣشڵ֮νס˵ִ꣬ӡͼ֣΢Ҳ˵⻷ΧиӵţӰЩͼзʮ·ߣ΢ƣһʱ֮䣬΢ȻǱסá
ɹˣ˸ޱȣʱһ˵ˣڿԳˡ
ԱߺͼоֶεͬʱҲǰϲȻǽǸ΢סˣԷӣһʱá
˿Цһִ̧ʮ·𼲷˹ȥ춯΢ǱѾ̳ð𣬽Ѫ⣬Ȼֹۡ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻתǹͷ̧һƣλǸΪߵһ´ɳȥ
ѹû뵽ɻͻȻ͵ϮһѪˤʮɿ⡣
ɣʲô
СˣȻҰˡ
Ǵһǿڽ
Ǹ˵ɫҰףȻˣֻǿڵ֧ӵɣ޳ܡ
ȴһ޹ʲôˣղѾ˵ˣʱԸǸ΢ڼȻѾ΢ܣ֮ȻҪֳһߵͣʣҺδ֮У
ȻʱĺǿʶһʱһŭޱȣΧսĲһ˶ɫŹ֣Щ֮ɫˣͬǿڽ޳ܡ
ǲҪ˵˵Һɸո˵ˣֶԸ΢ѾֽˣѾˣȻˣ֮ǰԼȻǽˣʱ֣ôܹ˺ԼԼӦٶۡд⣬ôˣ֮һˣôѾǲΪݣֻҪ΢ʩչһЩֶΣͿԽǻܡ


һǧһʮ һܺ
ʱԼǿԵõؾ۽ĵһõؾ죬һõƾĽ졣һ켯һԼʸȥս쾳۽ܽ쾳Ҳ뵽Ǹоһ󼱴١
ʱԽľ죬Ѽʱ䣬Ϊڡ
һڣһڣҲŵϺŵĸˡ
ԽԽ˷ܣԴ˿̺ʲô޳ܲ޳ܣܵõĺôҪġ
صλˣ˼ҺɵĶ֣ɣҪٸ翹ɵ˵ˣ˺ģֻˣʤԳ߳ɣȻһʤȯյӡ
ǿҪը˷Σ˭뵽⺫˵ļթ˵СˣȻǳǲǵΪߵ˻ˡ
ǿһΪӮ˵ģǻ
ʱԶս˵ǸŮͻȻڵλʦ֣ٽ⿪֮
νԹ壬ôһѣ̷Ӧ
ڵԵкɣ˵ʤ̫٣ӮҲ˵һǲȡ۽һˡ
ɼˣҲܱ˺СˣȽϣԸǸ΢ȡõһ
˼ңǹ
һ뵽ؼ˶кڣӦźɵĻӦŶԷǴ˶ԷҲˡ
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΢һȭĸɴ䣬ûκεĻڣֱԷ壬һȭʤ
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˿аֻһֿܣǾ΢һԨԴǴԨԴ΢˵ģһڵľڶģô˵΢Ӧһڵĸ߲㡣
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޳ܣƾʲôҪ޸ء
ƾʲôҿЩˣǿ϶ԼµĵӣͻȻ˺ճĶȡ쾳۽һԲŪôһϷ


һǧһʮ ܵ
ڶޱȣ۷׷ף΢ΪˣҲǵһʱ³Ӧһʱ޸Ĺľ
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ΪˣͲ¹ԼԷΣǰʯͷԼĽš
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һԵˮȴҡͷԲԣ˲ð֮ˣȷ̫֪ܲôԲͻƳɹˣô˱Ȼôɡ
ǲܣΥܳɹġԹͻڵʱȷ˵Ϊ֪һżжͨǻѾãʮԾŰܣ΢˲ʺðܳɹ


һǧһʮ ˼ͻ
Ȼ΢һʼȻǿ󣬵ܿͷ·һŶסһдǧ㼯һȴһ̰ӵסһ۵̰֮ڵĺˮ㼯٣Ҳ޷忪̰ӡ
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ʱ΢ͻȻðһɽȻͬϢһΣǵɱŨŨѪζͷ·һ㣬޼᲻ݣѵ
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΢Ȼһ㣬նһ赲ϰǰδУǰδе顣
˻ڳԾУ΢ΪѾǽڽͷ·һһ̵Ĵţգ¶⡣ǻ㼯ˮĺԽԽһ̣ǿһֱ谭ǵĵ̰ӣ˲䣬֮ˮӿ޾գСͨ谭۳ΪһӴӡ
΢Ĵ˿̵Ϊ
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ɾһҲ벻ԼͻƵڣ΢Ҫһνܵ飬Լƫƫ԰ɡ
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Ǿǰкε谭Ҫǰ壬Ŀľݡ
Щ˿΢Χ˹
վס۽¹Ѿ´ҪΥ𣿡


һǧһʮ ͷ
˵꣬ڶ˶ˢˢһԲϾҪļơ
΢ЦһǰǰһΪڵǰ̧һƴչֳ˵
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ڣ
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΢ǰ˵вûŵɢˣ˿ǳԷ̣ƽһ۸ڶ˿̱˷̣Ȼǲ֪
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΢֣ͫһǴɱֻתһ룬ǺЦЦ
΢ɵۣû뵽Ȼ㣬ұζȡ۽һ֮һȥս罫ɱû뵽ȻԼˡŮ˿˵һȻŮ΢Թ޵ġ
˶ͷһһϷı飬½ɱҲһ㶣Ȼ˲Լͬһ½ЦԭʩֺʹйڣǺãʩȽ֮ǰĳԹ˽⣬۽
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΢Ҳû뵽Ұɣû뵽ʩ޼ѾǸ߸ϵˣѰ·ʩ޼˿̵ޱȣ΢Ǻ죬΢ҲṦһ񣬱һɳʱ·ɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ںŷıӻ²ʱӹһ١
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һãʩ޼ͶԷûм棬ɵ۾Ͳͬˣһµɳ߲㡣
ʩ޼ɵ۽֣ѾԽԷܣȻǴʩ޼ģɵΣǰԼΪԷԼֵλԼŮʲôˣ
ֻһͿ̤쾳ĳǿˣ֮Ҳֻǲһ㣬֮ϵĪ棬Լ󣬲վ֮˽磬˭ָҵԼ
һԼҲǿмӡ
ԣʩ޼֪Լǽȣһ۽Ҫһٶȡ߾쾳һ


һǧһʮ ʩ޼ֶ
ʩ޼ҪľţȻ˸ǣŴɽʩ޼Ұĵˡһֱ˳Ů
ҪԼ֣쳹˽硣
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꣬Ǹ߸ϵֵ΢̳Ϊ˺ͽЩܵĿֱ࣬ǲףڣǰŮΪ˺öǸªޱȵŮ
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Դ˿̼΢ܲޡ
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ܴ˵̽Ҳǰ֡ɱҲ˵һ䣬ͱ˲ͬ΢ûôɱǿʲôĶϤɱ˶֪ɱ˭¶ֱ飬˭Ҫˡ
ֻǾǲΪŻˣ˭˵׼֮΢һǳΪʸ֮ġ
½ɱһǶ΢ϵ죬ֻҲ֪΢һ·ɱǰ޹һȡ죬˵˾򵥡
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ΧʱŷӦһǾ̾ѣǵҲвٽ֣һ⣬˿̶Բλ࣬ýģʩչղһ콣
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ͷֳʤˣܿ죬ǾͿʩ޼ǵûе£һɭɭЦ
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֮΢⣬һնɱͬˣԷвͨҪնɱˡ
Ȼ΢һɷԲһ㲻ֵܵģɷһ壬̾ͻὫԷ״ݻ٣ʩ޼û˵ԷֶͨΡ
΢ҳĽܿ죬ھԵ֮£Ϊ죬һ㡣ʩ޼̧һһ޴Ŀձ֮ͻȻը΢ֽһ޴Ļȥʮ⡣
΢ʩ޼ڵһָͿԽɱŷǾԵ˵ʮϣЩУֿƣĽҲ˵һһʩ޼Цһ˿澭ʲôߣѾϣһ̣ʩ޼˫ſʼ죬ֻƬԼͱɰ˰ߵ̬⻹㣬˫Ҳ仯ȻǱһǿ׳ޱȵצ
һצһ˺ѿܣʩ޼˿ҡһ䣬ȻǱֹ
һĻ½ɱɫһ䡣
Ȼ˺˵Ѫ⣬һΪһ壬һ﾿ô쵽ģ½ɣҪ֪ͬ˵Ѫһ𣬾ͷ·ˮһ㣬ɴ˿ʩ޼ȻںѪ⣬˵˵Ѫ⣬ǸĹ塣
Ȼ˵һצԴݻһͷУǣҲֲֺô
ǱɱȻ֪ĸһ㡣


һǧһʮ ʩ޼
ԭˣŮİȻǽһֲڣڣں϶Ѫǿܵġɱ˿̿ʩ޼Ҳ¶˼Ȥı顣
ʩ޼Цһ°һѾһּٶ΢ͬʱһצɨ
˺죡
¡
һצһצ˺ѣ֮ϣȻҲ˼צۣ·񷶼һצ˺һ
΢㲻ܣɹŽһצʩ޼Ĺһ˻Ӷצһֳֳɱһʱֻ֮ܿצӰͽӰɨԻٳء
ʩ޼Ϊʩչ̬ӦÿԽ΢ѹƣ˭뵽ԽԽľԷǵֵסԼ͹ǿʼ
һ⣬ʩ޼һֱ۾ͱն£ֻһֱ۸ոձնϸȻ˲ϲϡ
ɽսʩ޼˲ϣ΢һѳ̫ˣӵһצ󣬻û
βһʩ޼Ǻ˳ȥ֮³ֹʶĿķ⻷˲ͽΧǧɷΧڡ
򣡡
ʩ޼սɣԸ΢ɲ֮䣬΢ðߣӿ΢ȻǻþһЩҧڵ˸֣Ҳ˲ɥʧ
С΢ָ׹ҫͼ̧һָǼһ׳ȥ˲ͽʩ޼ʩչķ顣
ʩ޼ɫһ䣬ȴʩչֶΣʱȴ˵ˣʩ޼ֶٶ࣬ҲҵĶ֣ȥ
һ̣ʩ޼͸оԼһʹ֮Ѿصˤڵϡ
ٿԱߣ΢һֳֽһץһʣһļ׵滹մŸѪ⣬ЩѪⲻ䶯뽫⼹׵صʩ޼ڣ΢һѪⶼ֮£ɻҡ
ֳһƬž
ʩ޼ˣȻôͰˣҰܵ˵ĳףڵҲ΢˳
΢һ·ļ׵ҲΪ죬֮ǰע⵽ʩ޼ԴȪڶԷļ׵ϣԸոڶԷʩչͬʱ΢Ҳʩչ˾֮ôһ͵Ϯͽʩ޼һ׵˳
ⶫ΢֪һ䱦һı⣬̺ҲǼҲʩ޼ýӳҲôܡ
΢ʩ޼ٴ󣬵򲻵ԼҲǰ׷ѣȻЩʩ޼ֻ׷󾳽˲ɱľ衣
ɱˣҪֻҪһСͿ򣬾ðٰأиƨá
΢Ҫɱ㣡ڵſŵʩ޼һŭʱ˷ŭҲһƬհס
ԼȻôˣҪ֪ʩ޼Լͨģôܾôˡ
ŭǣȻʩ޼ֻʣ±ŭͳޡ
׵΢˳ֻڵϲϵĳ鴤֮ǰɵĸѪ⣬˿û޷סѪ֮Щһ㣬֮ǰѹͣûǾͿʼ˻ɱ
ʩ޼˿ʼ룬Ѫޱȡ
ıŭʩ޼ʱҲ侲ͻȻӦԼѾˣ΢Ҫɱ֣Լڡ
УԼ
һ뵽ʩ޼͸о˿־壬ģǾô΢ʩ޼޷ܡ
ʱԶ˵Уһ˫ĿͻȻԾϸ̨һϳǸʩ޼һǰū͡
ͼū˫Ŀ¶һ֮⣬һ̣ʼŤһȻǱһһɣģªޱȵŮӡ
ŮӼֱ󵽼㣬ƫƫ֮ڶ˵ɫǴ䡣
ģڣûܽªŮȻĳ˸ֵ⻯Ѫһڣ֪ŮҲʩ޼ӡ
²˶ɫŹֻ֣һ˲䣬Ҳû˸ҿڣ½ɱĴڣŮҲǴž⣬ǡ
ԭ˶Է֮⣬ΪλŮҲǴһĳ󣬿˵˽˾֪ǳĲҾ徣֮⣬ΪҲѾڣڳ֮˶Ҫһ硣
ǧСһ磬Ǳ֮ϲ˽磬ڵΪҲԳƵһˣԿɣһҲֻ۷壬Ⱥڸһѡ
ŮȻַ֣ڶ̷ӦŮⷨӶλ


һǧһʮ Ե
ҵĹԹԣ˵ŮǵһŮһֻǷҲǳĲҾ徣ŭԹǸʩ޼Զһ˿һĻü͵˵
뺦⻰ǱŮһɱģ֪֪һСŵֻ˵һͽ¶˸ɸɾȮԱһ֡
˵ˣ˵ˣŮΪĸ֣Ůǲ𰡣ǲʩ޼ųҿλˡ
ҲվԶ˸Сֹ䣬νٵֻŮһǱ彵٣ǾԲҿڣΪԷȻ
ʱŮķѾһ˹ȥ·½ɱҲǼæ֮ܿ档
Ѿڵϣڳ׵ʩ޼Ůˣһ˿Źֵɫܿ͵ҡ
ŮһæĪڣ˭Ρ
˵꣬Ͷ΢ˡ
Ȼʩ޼ӵľˣʵϣŮʩ޼ģʩ޼μ۽ɳһǰ⻤
ͨԷУֳһʼʩ޼ˣҪɱ˽һ˳ҲﲻסˣŮһϴ϶ԸޱȣƢˣסοԼ۸ˣ̵סֱӳˡ
ȻֻһڵǿѾչֳһɨֳˣΪֳ˵УΪߵҲڣ޷֮Կ
ֻ΢Ůֻһ㶣ûо⡣
ŮһԷӣһ뷨Լһ˶ŵƨ˾Ӧ̹ؿͷǣȻڶ޶ԣŮѾɱ졣
㻹£ȽҷȥŮ߸ϣʩ
΢һֻǷʵǺˣ
˭㶼֪Ůŭһ棬ϲ˽磬˭֪˭ԷȻôʣֱǲԼ
ֻ֪΢治֪˭Ͼ΢ϲ˽Ҳûãһ·ɱй֮ǰ΢Ҳȷ³һЩԷݣֻǻҪȷһ¡
Ů˿ָһ
һɴ̶ըһ̣һһͺ˹ȥ΢ɹŽֵҲǱײĻȥɿ⡣
ɹŽֱ죬ѣɼһµжͨˣһǷˣ΢ͬѰԲֻǱˡ
ŮЦһҪǰȴһնͣ½ŲһĽż⣬ǰ滮һۡ
㣬Ǻˣ۽ᣬҺʩ޼ʤδ֣ͻȻΪ΢ֱӿʵ
ڶҲӦ
԰۽ᣬɸϾٰ۽ᣬ۽۽ĹأǾڳϱȶ˭ܸ棬ңƻ۽ᣬҪΧġ
Ȼһ˿϶ôɣŮ὾ԸҲǲܲˣŲʲô۽᲻۽ģôɾôɣʲôʲô˭ҹܣ
΢ղôʣҲбһڵȴڱ̬ȵ˼žŮͷٴҲƻ۽Ĺء
Ȼ΢˵꣬Ǳһڵȴھ˷Ӧ
ͼ£˼ˣһϢ纣ǳ֮ս
գǽ֮ǰ̫һ㣬ڣʱΪŨҡ
һ֣ѹȫȻֱԼڵˣҲ֪ŮݺΪңԲǰ档
ֻȻŮҲЩˡ
ΪŮֻڵˣһϵ
ô⼸ǴսˣŮ⼸˿ʾŭʡ
ҲɵʱǽɲǿЦ飬ǼҲӲʱһۣ뷢ƮȻЦ빫ˣֻǼȻμ۽ᣬ͵ð۽Ĺ죬ˣǲҪĺá
˵λͣһλڵĸڵΪֻŮȻѹӡ
ʲôˣҷҷ飬ҵ飬Ҿ￴ţ˭ҶҷҾҪŮţƢˣ˭˵ûãҲûֻ֣Ƕ΢΢ǰɣҴҷеӰڸһᣬ£ҷҷԭ㣬Ҳԭ㣬ҷԭˡ


һǧٶʮ նʩ޼
Ե̫Եˡ
Χ˶üͷһ壬Ů¼ֱԵˣ۽ԸϳȵǸԵı£ôŮӮӦã˾Ͳˣֱд
һʱ֮䣬ҲǼڶ˵ķУǹ˼Ůͷɽ翪ˡ
һüͷһ壬ֻһŮΪڣȻǲ£ɶԷ󣬻һ۷Ҹ֮ǿһˡ
ϲ˽磬м쾳֣
ִڣǲǵģ治ҶŮ֣һǳ鷳˭ˡ
һӣŮź͵ˣҪǰʩ޼ߣͻȻһצ΢
ȻҪ΢ֱɱһڶ
ʯ֮䣬΢ӦҲǼ죬Ҫ˵Ů΢ȴǲ£֮ǰĿǵ֮쾳֮΢ҵһŮʲôµģ
ͼ΢̧֣ͷһΣʩչһ˽ֶͨΡ
һɨʱðףŮ£ȻͻȻһţһ̣ȻǱ˲ƶȥ֮⣬ͬʱ΢һ̤͵ʩ޼ͷг
΢ɱңʩ޼һĻŵĻһǿںǸªְԵķһ֣΢ӦþԲڶԸԼֻû뵽΢Ȼ׼֣ѵŮı
ôô
ԶŮ״ҲǱŭң
һŭ涼ѿŮ
ֻ΢Щвǳţʵʩ޼ΪѾŭԹգһɵ֮㴦֤ɳɷ֮ɷ
ƨʲôƨɳɷ΢ɱңȻ֮ءʩ޼ڽѾԼǳѾҪɱ΢ɱԼȻᱻŮɱʩ޼΢ĽԼնɱʱǷˡЦ΢㹻ɱɱ
΢ȻܲŮɱ˹һնȥȻᱻŮץյ΢ҲţǼ˲Ӳ
Լ汻ŮɱˣǴڵҲҪˡ
һ㣬΢ʮҲԿȷͷ˱Ȼ֣ǲΪ˾ԼΪԼ棬ϾĿ֮£ɵŮ
Ҿǲ֣΢ҲԲŹնɱʩ޼Ļᣬ΢ҲǽȣŮһˡ
Դ˿΢˵ֱնȥ
ʩ޼ֺͲŵɫô΢гԴɹŽϴŵɷֱӽ곹Ĩɱһ̣ʩ޼΢ȻɱŮƤӵɱ
ֻûʱΪʲô΢ôΪˣڵˣҲһ죬֮ҲɢһС
նɱʩ޼˲䣬ŮҲɱ΢ͷ˿ŭ죬Լķնɱо澡ʧּ
ǧһ֮ʣǱһڵһλڵͻȻֽ֣Ů
ңŮŭʩ޼նɱѾɥʧǣ˿˫ĿѪѾ˱ŭԵ
ʱ򼸸˻࿴һۣǰŮ¡
¹غ棬ȥ˵ҲվסţܲŮͿԲչ죬ҲдڵİҴ֮ڣ۷򣬺Ϊ൱ǼһҲķ
ʱһǸЦ빫˽һŮӣȻ۽ˣͲ䣬ҿҲ䲻빫֪ҲȻѡ
һڣ˶аߡ
ʵڸ߰Ȼ˵Ƕó˵ŮһɫȻǻһЩҲӦԼܵ⼸ŵĵҰԼĸףЩ罫Լˡ
˵ոճֽԼµˣ֣֮ԼҲӮ١
ǣʩ޼ѾˣŮܸоĳʩ޼һǶһҲδ
ͨһǿģǶһˡ
֪֮ڲ˶֣ҲĶִ֣ˣԼںͼУ֪ˣҲͬ⡣
Ѿ侲ŮЦãҾ͸Ǽӣ۽ϣҲ˵鷳۽֮Ǿûɺ˰ɣʱʲôҲϣǲҪ֡
˵ݺݵĵ΢һۡ
Ȼ΢ʩ޼նɱɨӣǲҲ˳ЦһҪҲһҪɱ


һǧٶʮһ 
Ů֪Ҫǿɱ΢Ѿܣ⼸ڲԼôɣϾ漰ڵ棬ѾˣֻҪ۽΢뿪һڣ̾ͽ΢ɱɱ˶Է˶ԷŮѾʼôĥԷˡ
˼΢ҵɽʱ֪ҵĺ
˵꣬ǻһ⣬һڡ
ŮһߣֳҲǻ࣬˶ɫأΪ漰棬ԱҪֹŮҲǽŮˡ
׾΢
ȻȻ΢΢ҲǴŭôÿ
۽ߣڵ˵꣬̾ߣ΢ֻҡͷһЦ˵ʵŮˣδػ£˵ֻһˣҪ֪΢ѾڵΪǶһڣ㲻УҲδػ䡣
ȻΣʩ޼˶һҪɱ
նɱʩ޼Ҳ˽΢еһɵĽᣬ˿̣ͷͨ࣬оΪ
ȻѾǽʩ޼ɱ۽ü΢ţʣµ½ɱ϶׷
ΪҲʩ޼ҪһǸɱϵɱֱԼɹŽϵĲˡ
ʱ½ɱҲ͵͵ͨ
ɱ㿴΢ȴҲ˲ܵˣǵˣŮŹΪɱŮķһҲ˾ҲΪ˴棬ҲΪҲ͵ֵеˣ߲Զġ½Դ֮ɱ˵
ɱֻЦһҲأ
½̴磬ʱ֣΢ɱһͶˣҲǳһ֮˭ʤ˭ߣ潣죬ǾҲǿԵģûбҪɱɱ
ò˵½ǴҲ΢ո΢ʩ޼ֱǴݿһ㣬ʩ޼ֶΣκβ΢
½Ҳûףͬɵɱôǿ·ϣ½Ҫȡʤ൱ѡ
뵽ôһС
ʱ֣ɱţ΢ҲߣǻƴɱܾˣԼĻˡ
ɱӦûͬ飬Ϊ΢вȷ൱ҪԼ
ǱɱĬƬ̣˼ܿʹΧ
ĸ֣ѾЭ顣
֡½֪֣ʤʼ󣬵ҪΪǿǴһȹȥ
½֪ɱҲúŪԼߺȲ֣ɱ϶ῴ⣬ǳ֣һǳǰ棬Ҫɱ𿴳Լĳ⡣
ȻĽ½ҲԼֶΣһͨҪҾѶȲ
΢ͻȻ֪ѾЭ飬ǿԼöԸʱ֣Լոպʩ޼սһ϶ûȫָרѡʱͻȻϮ
һˣ΢Ҳ壬½ɱһˣһһڵĵһˣΪߣһǸĪ⣬Ϣ纣ɱ΢ɱϣӦһΣա
ȵΣա
Ϊ֮ߣǻ½֮ϣڣûнʵչֳ
Դֵ֣˵˽ͬûһֵܵסġ
΢Ϊߣ֮ǰΪѹʩ޼Ҳȷ෨΢֮ǰûкʩ޼һս۷̬Ӧս֣Щġ
һ棬΢ʹơ
½ɱֹɱȷ죬΢ֵܵסѾǼΪˡ
ƵУ΢ܱͷ侲½ɱֵȷ֮ڣκһ˶޷Ӯ֣΢ڼ̵ʱ֮Ҳ˶Էһ޴ı׶ˡ
Ǿ½ɱ֣βƵġ
ţ˿ǶҲڻֻҪԼӷ֪ϾǻԼ֮󣬾Ҫ̱ɵˣ˵Ѿڻ͵ϮηԷ͵Ϯ
Яֹ
ֻҪһ뷨ӣžа취ǵ֡
ȻУ½ỹɱǶ־ᶨҪ˵ڧȻܣҲʵ
ΨһķӣǱڧ
΢Ѿ׶


һǧٶʮ ڧ
ԼȫֻǹɱһˣҹǸǸԼɱǸˣȻΪԱҲǲԸ⽫þøˡ֮⣬ԼʾԷһʤѱ϶ʱ˵̲ס๥ʱԼĻˡ
뵽΢Ѿйһ飬֮̾Ͱʵʩ
ͻȻ֮䣬΢·عⷵһ㣬ǣʼֽ͹ɱõ;ȻЧѣޱȣ޷־á
Ƭʱ䣬΢͹ѾЧɱ΢͹ĽڽںˣȻЩмܲסӡ
ǱΧ½һ۾һ֪һᡣ
ǹƼ׼¡
ɱҲûк֣򲻿ֻҪɱ𱻱Ƽʩչĺ֣ʱ˺пܾˣһʱԼ϶Ӯҡ
Ǳɱ΢Ĳ֮Щæңһ½ᣬʱ½֧ԮԼǾԿԵס΢Ĺơ
ȴǿ½ȻڹˣȻǴɽۻ
ɱ֪ôˣ½Լ΢ܾˣ̴úá
ЦЦΪɱֻһͣãȻˣǼʶһɡɱɭɭһЦһðɱɱ֮ǿѾǻγħһᱻɱʴ򷢷裬ˣɱԭƤʱʼ䣬¶һ·ƽһļǱƤȴûƽɵһˡ
ɱ󣬳ֵ⣬ǧٷֳ֣ÿһ棬ץһŨŨɱķ
һ棬ʮ־ͬһɨ΢
һ̣ɱչֳѾȫﵽ˵ƣֻľֻڣһɱֿԽսˡ
չֳ֮˽Ծ½ᣬиǰգ˭뵽ɱȻôһ֣뵽ԼĺɱıȻԼ
½ʱͷһѾȡһѹ׵ķ
Ǳɱչֳǽ΢Ƶˣһ£Ȼǽ΢ΧʮɵķΧٵʱ֮ʯɽ̳졣
΢ˣٵˡ½˿һҧϣֽ̧еķ˳ȥ
ֻĲ΢Ǹ򣬶ɱ
Ѿڵ飬΢ɱһҲˣѾûвɱˣû͵ϮɱعԼ֮ԵУ
½ŵϣֱ͵ϮɱǼѹ׵ķģһöȡ˽񺣵ԭʼֱط꣬ƳһǷȥԻأ˵ֻڣڵ氤һ£Ҳˡ
˵½̣Ҳķ
ʱȥ½ǿðһ⣬̬ʮ·һɽѹ
ò˵½һ͵Ϯʱյǡôɱոս΢У߹Ѿˡ
ɱ֪㲻Ҳ㡣
ɱֱǰɱκ·ˣк֮˿ϽʤǧٷҲʼ赲¡
ǧٷͬ˿̿ʼ
ʱڶҲˣ½ɱ˿ʼˣҲ˵˭Ӯˣ˭쾳۽ĵһټ΢죬˭Ӯˣ˭ܶľ졣
Ǵӹ۽ϴûз顣
½ỹɱ𣬶Źᣬֻ˭Ҳû뵽˾ȻôͶˡ
Ҫǣ˭Ҳû뵽ɱһչ¶ĵƣ΢Ȼ̾Ͱˣʵ˴۾
˵ʵɱȷ̫ǿһڣ˿̾ȻǱڵʵͨ΢Ҳ
ɱھˣһһ࣬ԺηǾҲ󶼲ֻ֪֪ɱɱ죬ȥްܼ
ɱȻǧٷ־͵ס½Ҳдʧɫ֪Լ̾УͨҲԲɱĶ֡
ԣɰڴһ١
ͼ½ȡȻһȫ˦ȥ
ʮɽ
½ʩչͨʮɽͬɽһ¼ӳϣ˲䣬ֱӱʮ


һǧٶʮ 
ʩչɽ½ƴˣ֪յʤߣԼɱ
½ȻϣԼȡʤ
ǧټɽѾ½õóֵǿֶΡ
һҲ˵ڵ˵У˽һһӦֵֶܵεĺϻ
½ԼҲôΪģΪˣڲμ۽ʱѾ⣬Ҫȡ쾳۽һ
ڻԵɺ֮£ľ춼ѾۣҲ˵˭Ӯң˭ͿԶľ죬Ϊŵһˣǿߡ
Ȼˣ½͸ܷ˿ҧ⣬һ֮Ѫ
Ѫͨ
ǼӳһַţǧСһѪ½ǧ۵ΪһȥºΪ䣬һҪָܻ
۲ν󣬵½֪һжֵãֻҪΪľ۽һܻõĶҪʧȥĴöࡣ
Żеһ
Ѫ֮Ϣȥ½ţɱԵֵסԼֶΡ
ϣ½̫Ϊˡ
Ѫ֮ɱѹĽڽڰˣԷûаܡ
ɱ˿ϳֵƣɫѪҺʳضȾһƬɫǧٷҲ۶ϴ룬ʣǿ׳ķ֣ǵֵ
½ᰵûȵʲôӦǱɱĽɫѪҺͻȻ棬ֻƬ̣죬ǼӲʯɨҲ̻һ̯ڻʯˮܿ죬һ˳ŷȥȼȻʼȼռӳ½ӳֵķ
Ȼȼշⲻͨ棬Ƿ˽һɱȻշ½ˡһƤһʧ˵
ڶһҲŵĺ˼Ҫ֪ɲǿЦģ˽磬˭֪һ
ħޡ
Ļ𣬾Ƿ𣬷ǿֱȼ˷𣬾ΪٸߣֶΣҲֻץϹ
˭Ҳû뵽ɱͷȻʩչһʼ˲˵½Ҫùˡ
½Ҳû뵽ɱɱﵻǷⶫ
˿Էķ˳εķչۼҪյԼ壬ŵԴһƬհףæϿ˺ϵ
ֻϿû˺ֱ֮ӱɱڵأûκεвˡ
½ȻϿڷҲʧȥ˼ɱʸеƶþˣ˿ΪѪΪܺӵзɱ
ǧٲԸͲʣ½Ҳ֪ԼǴȥ䣬
ɱӮˣ½ҧ˵ŻƮŷɱ½һ취ûС
Χһаһ쾳۽ĵһɱ˰ɡ
ʱһӰԶӹֱɱǰ
һ㶣ٿˣʧ΢ôţ
ͻȻµȻ΢˶Ϊ֮ǰɱǧٷɱˡ
ոֻǻˡ΢赭д˵
½ɱҪԸԼʱѾ뵽ڸܵķӣȻԼֵԭôͻȻûˣ΢԰ٷְȷ½ɱ̾ͻᷭ
ͺ΢Ԥһģһ΢ոս֮ĻװɱǱ½̾ͷ͵Ϯɱ
ǼȻѾֳʤ΢ȻҪ
΢Ǳ½ɫһһףʧǡ
ŪԼǴһ룬½ҲŪһ¼ıٶ࣬ıվǼıʤĻʵ
΢ȻʩչԽ˶ƭȥĻʵһ֣ɱзҲǾԵѹ
ȽǣԼߵȷǲ̫ࡣ
ˣ½˲ͷͨԭĲʺͷߺ޾ȻͷΪУȴû뵽øȻľࡣ
ʱ½һ
ᣬܺãȻͨͷףȻܸɱ𣬵պĳɾͣȻ֮ϡ
Ȼֻ½ˣһ㶣̹
ҪԣѾ䣬Ͷ࿴ѧѧ˵ʵ΢ɱ𣬶Ҫǿܶ࣬ܺǽ֣аȻһ
ʵʱ½ʮֳԾû뵽һȻҲڹע쾳۽Ĺ̡
Ǻе飬óһ϶һʼ͹עˡ


һǧٶʮ ˮ
Ȼɻ󣬵½ûһ⣺˭ܻʤ
أһһ䡣
½ἱæɱ𣬷жǿұ˭΢ǿҲǷĵ֡
һ΢΢һЦ
ᣬǡ෴۽΢ʤһᶨҲ͸һ˿Σһã
½ỹûһ˵һʱ֮Ҳ֪ôӻ
Ȼһ˵ģôţ΢Ȼǿ½ɱһ㣬Ųɡ
֪㲻ţһʼҲţҪ֪΢μ۽ʱҲڡһ˵½Ǵһôܣ˵һأ˵쾳۽ֻڵ˲μ𣿼Ȼ΢ֻڣôμ쾳۽
һ͸һ˿ΣûأԽƶģ֪ΪҪ¹أ
ʾ½ȷ벻Ҳ벻ס
ΪҵʱҪԼ΢̫¶âμ쾳۽һشһ½Ŀɿڴš
Ƶ¹أȻΪԼ΢
ô΢ʲôͷ
ҲԣǾ仰΢ֻڣô쾳۽μ۽Ҹո½֣֮ǾԲڵΪ
ѵ˵
½뵽һֿܣͫһоëֱ
Ѿ뵽ˣûڵؾ۽ʱ΢ֻڣ¹һȻͻƾ磬ʵû뵽飬ɼȻǹأҲֻɵμ쾳۽ˡ
һʵ½Ĳ²⡣
ˣ½ỹǲţֱǷ˼Ҳ˵΢Ŀͻڣ˵һոͻΪڵˣô
ĪǶԷʣ͸ߵֲֿĵز
ΨһĽ͡
ᰡ΢ͨˣҵʦܣϸ˵ýһʦ壬һһһңڱ϶Ȳ˽ɱڣҲ΢Ķ֣ΪǿҲ㣬΢ó飬Ѱ㣬ǿСһһΣһֿ϶
½ᱻϢ˵£΢
˿΢ɱǿӿԽһзȼմķҲûκζݡ
ƽⲻװģװ񲻻ᡣ
΢۾ƽž
ɱȴдſͲһȷһ˭֮ΪУ
κηڷǰһֻҪһմȾϣǿ˲ģὫԷΪչ⣬ǷΪֲĵط
䣬һɱʱȻ˵Ȼ΢Ѿ֡
ʵϷһμ۽ûһֵ֡
΢ʱȴǿҲˣˮ֮ɡ
ˮֻ֪ϻûܽҷˮɱ΢Ļһ䣬ԴŲ죬ʱܶ֡
ɱȻ֪ҪƷֻˮȻɱ˵ûпԽˮʵϻеġ
Ǿˮ
ܷƷˮҲһ֮ˮΪˮӺڴУ콵֮꣬ҲˮˮΪƣǵˮ
ˮѰɱ΢Լˮ
΢ö˵ϻ˿һָ۳һСƣͬܿ죬ƾͻһˮ
ֻһΣ΢ָ֮ϣӨ͸
ΧһЩԣֻмʶĿ˶ߣȻй۲һ̾ϳһˮĲͬ
ˮ淨벻ȻʧѾõ񷨣һˮӦþˮˡһ͸ż͸һ԰
ϸ˵Ŷʦܣ˿Ҳһ빲ĸоȻСģеʱΪ鷳ͬ鷳ҲûʩԮ֣ĵȴһЩǣġ
ĪǸǡ½Сʵ
ǱǿԽˮһ϶Ĵ
ֻһΣ𣿡½⣬Լʣڳ֮˶һ뷨
һˮܽɱӿķ
νһˮǧˣһˮ㹻ˡһ½𣬱ǱɱѾӿǧɻ棬γɻӿ΢΢ǵָһ˦һˮ
һ̣һˮձٿջǧɷֱӽ


һǧٶʮ ľ
΢һֱһ۵㣬Ǿ޸ߵͣǿ
΢κڵļֵ壬һżȻĻѧϰ񽣾֮񽣾ˮ淨ɵˮɺ
˭뵽ˮ淨Ȼʱó
΢ˮ淨ʱʹڤڤˮ淨Ŀھбˮ֮˵
ֻʱ΢ʶǳѹ֪Ϊ𣬵ڣɱķ΢ŷӦ
ԭˮ;ʵ
˵Ī񽣾ʵǴ˽ȥģ
Щ΢֪Ͼս絮ʱŶɶ񽣾εģͬҲһδ֮ա
˿΢ˮ󷨣һ½ɱķռ˾ԵơҪ֪ɱʩչҲд۵ģԷ˷ȻҲɱķڷ𱻽ɱѾûκοԺ΢ʱ
ͼɱ˿̱ˮ󺣵УԵֵˣֻƬ̾ͱκû
벻˾Ȼˮ֮ΧһǾ붼벻ΪʤɱȻʢʱ΢ܣ˷
ò˵ʹȻ
ˮɢȥɱڵͬһ㣬²֪ûһҪսǳ롣
ɱˣǰܵļΪס
Ǳ½ῴһĻҲҡͷ֪ĵ治ԩͬһ˵ܵеùɱ𣬵΢ҲǱɡ
˷Ҵչذ꣬úþͨ½ãʱҲȻ̫֪࣬ΪʻͨҪɱ˺ܶ࣬Ȳ΢һͱ븶Ŭ
áһҲͬ
½˿̵ѣһ˿ʵ鸴ӡ
΢һʼ˵Ҫȡľ۽һһǴţܵ飬Ǵ۽ʼʹûз飬ѹš
ǵڣҲûˣΪʵǷǰ
΢˿̻ɱѾ쾳۽һټ֮ǰ΢Ѿȡ۽ĵһҲ˵΢Ѿľ۽ĵһ
ѵĴ𣿡һĳ֮أһ˿ջͨɫȻһ˿ã
Ϊ˲֮ǿͬܵ裬Ҳ²ؼ⡣
󼧱֮°ߣûйܣ̫֮ˣҲûйܡ
̫䣬ȫɾҲ㣬ȥ£Ҳһʽķ
٣ȫɾԸ͵˽͡
ԼΪν֣֪ǵ֮Ķ֣Ծ⣬ôǶǴ
Ǵˡ
Ϊ΢˿жΪܣԲܷ飬ֻҪŬˣƴˣˣпܳɹ
һľ۽ǰ˭˵һ֮ȡľ۽ĵһš
Ϊ˵죬Ҳܻᷢ顣
ʵĽǣƫƫͷˣҾͷԼǰԼۿⲻܵ鷢
΢ôĿģҲΪ˸Լ¡
ѵ˵ȥ֮Ҳпܳɹܣǲܣ֮쾳ˣҾѾ۷壬Ҳ쾳ֵĵ֣ԣô֪һ˿˼ܻңһߣ΢ɱѾǳΪϵ쾳۽һ
Ϊû˸ǰ΢ɱ
½ɱǱ΢ǿѹȥɱ𣬷𶼱΢ˣʣ˭΢ĵ֣
һ˽磬һһûһ΢ĵ֡
쾳۽һ΢ʵ顣
ܿ죬쾳۽˽΢ǵõһ죬쾳졣ȵľȫ΢·𾭹ϴӣΪոսڣûȫȹΪȻ˲ȹ
Ľ춼ǷΪ۽ŻٰһΣԽĺ٣Ҽûһľ
Ϊ۽й涨֮ǰȡùһ۽һù죬ô֮Ͳμ۽
˽У˿սģһЩѾõĸ֣ȻҲһЩһֱţûʲôΪˣʣַǶǸԱá
ľ֮΢֪ƵĽһʵž޴Ĵٽá
ľ֮΢ʵԭĻ٣ָͿ
Ȼ֮⻹ã΢оھ


һǧٶʮ 
ȡľ۽һܿ죬Ϣͻᴫ۽أͬʱҲᴫݳȥϢ
ˣ۽Ѿչأһפһգջɽ뿪һڵ˴˿̳΢˵䲻ȡ
Ȼ۽ˣȴǻûꡣ
ͬ΢ŮĳѾв֪˿ŮѾ˽һڰΧ͵΢뿪
΢һ뿪һڣŵľŮΧɱ
쾳۽һҲвٽ΢ȻҪʱЩҲûд뿪Ҫ֪΢һ·μľ۽ǶǷǼģҲȷҪһ
һڣŮҳ΢Ҫ״̬
΢֪Լȡľ۽ĵһϢҲᴫ֮ĶԷҲԼһˡ
΢壬ˮڣ֮΢Ҫž޴ѹԼʵһΣҪľ۽һ΢ҲôͽڣΪҲôȹ
е飬Ȼǲͨķȡɹ
һǱߣ΢ҲȥԷǻ˼ͬ꣬ھӦζԿ֮ǲ˼꣬ٶ˵Ҳ档
ƽ۽ĵһ϶Űݼύβͬ΢Ů˼Ѿµ˴ſڣ˵˼ڵˣкüڵ˸࣬ݣ΢Բӣһ΢ɽ˲ͻᱻŮ
£˭ָύ΢
ǲϸȥŮһŮ֪ˣҲܵǣ
΢ڵĿᣬĿ£סΧˣҲжԶԶ
ʱ䣬һϢˣ˵֮µһǿ۷ˣΪľɱ΢
Ϣһˣʱ½Ϣ˲֪֮ǰߵ֮檵ģ΢
һһڵѹǰδеľ޴ˡ
˿һڵ춥ڣһڵ߲£һ֮⣬һڸ߲㶼һ뷨Ǿ̽΢˾ȥŮǿԵֵһ£ϾҲ۷壬֮һǿ֮֮һһһĸ֡
һһѾǺ޼Ĵڣѹǿǰ
ڶѾĬȻǶ֪չأ۽ĵһӦϢһߵģ΢˵͵
ڶټˣҿҲûбҪΪµֱӽ΢׽ãᱻڸ뿪Ų˵ʲôһһڵĸ߲˵
ǰ棬һĻ
ûǲֽ΢ץ׳ȥѾǽҸոλŮѾҪ̽΢ߣǴ˷˼ϰڵ̬Ѿ֪ûбҪټֹأϾ۽Ѿˡһ߲Ҳǿ˵
ߣҲյɵۣ˿ȴҡͷףΪؾǹأǳֽ΢׳ǽ̸ߣΥҴڷ緶˶ãһڣ͵֮ԲŽһ۽ĵһ˹ߣǽ·ơ
Ȼ߲ͬ̽΢ߡ
ߣ㶼˵ֻǹⲻǹأ֮΢һڣΪڱӻ˵պ֮˭ܳеŭ𣿡һ̷߲˸ͣȻǶǾµ֮֮Կ
һǲͬڽ΢ߡɫʹ࣬Ȼ֪ûʲô΢Զһ٣ҪһŬ٣ٸ΢һЩʱ䡣
Ȼվһ
˶һȴľʱ˻Կ϶һΪһڵ棬϶ѡ̽΢һڣΪһ˵֮ʵڲǡ
֣΢ץ׳ȥܽ͵֮
ʱһ۾ɨһȦǰ
һȻܶԿ֮ҲҪϸŰͽᣬ΢Ϊ۽һҹסһڣ˭ҪҹҪˣҡһ仰һﵱдɱһһҪ֪һǺܾúܾûбְֳˡ
Ȼ΢ľٶһ
һ˭Ҳٷԣ¾ôˣϢȥһŮŭ죬֮ǰΪǨŭһִڣǱҲûʲôٶӦҲĬһ


һǧٶʮ Īа
һȻǽŮΪҪ˻ʵǳ˵Ԥ֮⣬һЩˣϢҲΪ졣
һҲ⣬һλոȡ۽һˣô˴һڴߣһڴڵ飬ԣ¾͸һһҲδɣǸ΢ӡ
⻰ŮģΪˣŮûټơ
뷨ҲǴ˵뷨ȻһӲЩò˼飬ϸϸһ룬С
಻죬ɫͻʱ΢ɽûеڶ·ߡ
΢Ҳ֪Щ飬ЩģߣҲǰɵۡ
˿΢ĿᵱУ΢棬Ŷ֣ʦѹౣգѾǼޣٴӺɽ뿪
ÿ𣿡΢̬򶨣˿ûдеǰֻţݶͱȾ޴ڣǺڵ˶Ҫǿ
ȻŮǵһλߣǶǶˣڶ࣬˵һڶΧסˣ۴뿪һʱ䱻̽鵽
΢˭ַ뿪ܡ
Ҳ̾˿ǵ֮ɫһʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲô΢һЦ賤̾΢Ȼμ۽֪ôһ죬ơ
⻰Ҳ۾һ԰Ŷɾı󶯵ˣȻ΢϶Ѿ׼·
Ҫһ䣬Ŷ֣һ⣬˽ռ䣬ҪŲƳȥܣҪ辡졣
˵꣬ǶȥȻ֪΢з뿪Ȼʱ䡣
Ҫ˵뿪ķӣ΢С
ʱ沼ú˴ͷ󣬽ط֪뿪һڣ˽ΧĿռ䣬ҲԵִֵͷ
΢׼ȡһƥϵĴͷʱȻ
΢һ㶡
Ҫ֪ڵΪκҪӽԼ֮ڣ֪˿̾Ȼ֪ߵſţʵǳ΢Ԥϡ
ˣ΢ҲΪǵˣ֪ӽԼ˵˼͸ߣ´ԼҲ΢ŵδǵˡ
ǵˣֱӶˣαš
ȻСĵĻҪСģȻ΢֪ͷһܶѹٻԼգҲųиǱԸԼ
΢һѾǽ֮ӳȥ֮£΢þ֮ڵһжǲʵľУ˿˵
ͼ΢ǰŴ򿪡
棬վһΪţµͷҹ£ʵĿ
΢Ҳһ㶡
ȷû뵽˾Ȼˡ
ʦܣҽȥһ沼Ц޵⡣
΢æһȻԷڣⲼ΢ȻҲֻǼһΣȴҲǵãʦԬ̿յĴӣĪа
ڶħ΢Īаǽ֮ˣڴ϶ܶԼİ£̤ȥѰԬ̿աôһҲûмȻ˵Ԭ̿ն˽磬ҹΪ컹Ǵ֮ͷһμ
ĪаѾû֮ǰǷϣڵȻ»ȡΪͻͽ
ԾĪаֻڣֱӣ΢óĪаһطϢ˿վԼǰ΢ԸӦҲǸӦ˿ڵġ
ĪаʱͻȻţΪ
Īаʦ֣þò΢Ц̬Īаúߺǵ˵ͷ
ʦܣȻͬ죬ʦ˵Ҳ㣬ڿȻˣԭ뷨ӽȥʦܵӣȻ֮ǰһˡĪаҲǹһЦд𾪡
˵ʵҲû뵽΢ɳľȻô죬ڵ΢Ǻ涷Īа֪Լжס
̫ǿˣطϢ̤Χ֮ڣ̱΢ˡ
ħ֮£ллʦˡĪаЦ꣬ɫ˵
ҵڻħ֮΢ص˼ǸĪаµЩ˺ħڣԼһֱڹע
ǰͻȻʧħΣҾͲ֪ˡ΢ʱ˵һ䣬һ䣬ĪаҲɫһ䣬΢֪ĪаҲ֪ʧ顣


һǧٶʮ ͼ
ô£ʧˣĪаüͷ΢һ˵֪ô¡
Ȼ£ˣһıȻһˣλ֮ģĪаҲҡͷ̾ȻҲ֪Σ΢ʸһλ֮⡣
Īаʱȡһͼݸ΢
ʦܣʦ֪飬Ѳҽͼ㣬ʦ˵֪ã֮ŮȻΪ壬֮ɲǿЦģµĵҲԲӦģ֮ǰղ󣬾ͼɡĪа˵Ѿ׼ߣߵſڵʱʲôͷʦܣʦתһ仰Ȼ㻹δ棬ʦĴˣĵӣ˽磬㲢һˣҲпɽ
˵ֱ꣬˳ȥ
Ȼҵ߾ͼޱߣҲСһЩˣ֮ȥ㡣Īаߵ棬˵仰ͻȻһΧĻȻͬһ㣬һ̵˲һյǸɸɾ
ԣǻ΢֪ʦİ֮
ĪаͻȻ΢û뵽飬һͼһ֪һͼ֮
Ů͵ѾΧĿռȫͨŲƺһĴ֮뿪΢֮ǰõĴҲδعãͼͲͬˡ
ͼ֮Գһ磬κ֮Լ֮ٳ֮⣬㿪ҵΧɱͼ΢Ҳֻ˵ڵʦͣҲǾԻġ
ʣһͼǳԬ֣֮̿ҲֻԬ̿ղܻͼ
ҪҪͼ뿪΢Ҫѡ
΢ʱ뵽һμ̿ĻʱһͼԨģӦñԬ̿գ΢һ·Ҳʦϵõ˲ٰǵõʦ洫
˵Ԭ̿ն΢Ķ鼫
˷΢˽缸ͷȻһ۷壬ֻܱ΢ֵһѹ֪΢ǽӳ죬ԺҲǲա
ʱԬ̿պĪаȻͬѩ̿һ㡣
ȻûмԬ̿գ΢ȴʮΣϾ΢һʱͿʼӴʦһ·ԽǽӴͬԬ̿Խ̻һ㣬һ׽
ȻԬ̿Īаͼ΢Ȼõķġ
ͬʱط뿪һڵĪаѾǵһɽ֮ϣȻƧһɽͬԴ
ͬԴһĵطһԺӣԺéᣬһھ˿һ˸ֶڿľɫ
Ϻ޲·豹һ㣬˿ȥһͨˣĪаȴǹ񣬿ڳʦ
ʣԺĲ˾Ԭ̿գһ档
˿̾Īаˣ
ǣʦ𡣡ĪаͼѾ͵ʦˡ
áԬֻ̿˵һ䣬㲻ʱĪаȻл˵뻹ʵʦʦܵΪ죬ΪѴڣбذɡ
Ԭ̿յͷ۽ᣬľһǧŵһˣΪܲˣڣôڵеˣһˣһûʲôֵģٶȥɾͲǣǧ򲻸ãֵ֮ΧԱһʱһ
ҲδأֻҪߣԺ͵һЩӦòᱻ֮ŶԡĪа˵
̫С֮ˣˣ֮쾳ˣһӦ֪жǶǻһĴˣһСһʱӦúܿͻᱻ֮Ԭ̿յĻȻƽĪаǾ
ô᣿μΪСģûκ֪ȥʦܣ֮ô֪Īа⡣
Īа̫С쾳ˣҲ̫СƵ֮ˣΪԽǽӽԽ֮Ŀ֮һ϶ס΢ߣȻɳǰȥɱһֵͨ΢޴ӡԬ̿ƺһжԤ֮ڣһԬ̿˵ĪаһͬʱҲ΢һ룬̵ĪʦѾӦ֮
νΣյĵطȫĵطһΣһὫ΢ָ֮ĵͼУͼһ䲹ȫ˽еķţ֮϶벻һὫ΢صĵ̵Уֻϣ΢ܽ𡣡Ԭ̿͸һ˿ΣĪаͻȻ뵽ʲôʦǵ֮׷ǿǺã


һǧٶʮ 벻Ĵ
Īа뵽ǣȻ֮϶£֪ǽ΢ߵģô׷
ȻʦԼҲڵʦõ֮أѾΪ֮֮һĪаҲ֪֮ײУҪʲô޷Գжϡ
Īаûס
ȻҲʦ˵ĻЩʵԼȥôأ֮ôܲõܻɵʦϣ֮ѹ֪ȻҲû뵣ʲô
ں˼룬Ԭ̿Ѿ֮׷ԣҪ׷ʦҲסԣваɡ
ĪаһҪȥԬ̿ʱ˵ĪаæʦԸ
һҪȥԹھȥɡԬ̿ƽ˦һһ˦ĪаС
һһ﷨䡣
ⷨԬ̿յģĪаȻǲҿӣ֪ⷨʦɵĶôͻȻҪԼصԹ
ʦĪʲôҪˣĪаЩǱԬ̿ҡͷƽʱôģʵĲʡ
ĪаæǣӶˡ
ȥɣԬ̿һ˦ӣĪаҶൢ󣬼æٿʣһţȻ룬īɢͥ١
ĪаߺԬ̿վԭãҲ֪ʲôʱӰСԺС
˿ˣȻϳǵ֮£λ
Ԭ̿գǾˡ
Ԭ̿ΪǸµǰһѪһģɱصĳ
ѾǵУ֮֮λߵλˡ
ͳվԺҲ˵ôǰԬ̿գãµİ㻹ʲô˵ġ
ûʲô˵ģǱһȻҲ֪Ҫʲô𣿡Ԭ̿ʱ򷴶ߵԱ߰ڷŵһǰպīʼֽϻ滭
Ǳѡ˵ͬʱԱһµĳѾһԣȡһѪɫɱѪء
Ԭ̿ԹԵĻţͷЦǵΪ֮ħ񹦣ԼͷݣŷֳˣȻǱͲһ·̸ֺѣ
˵ĲɭɭһЦȻ˹ȥͬʱգҪڱģ㡢ңгնҪع֮ʱ֮񹦴ɣ˵ɿ˵ףǻһġ
ΣԬֻ̿΢΢һЦûлشʷתһһ԰ͼѾԾȻֽϡ
뿪ԷֶҲʮˣ˽磬ƹɱ¾ѪԣǴνʦҲǺ£ǧɵ죬һʳɽʦԳɾ죬ٻع鱾壬֮ӦÿɴֻΪΰ֮ҪԸˣѵ֪֮ķ֮һκ뷨ӵù֮֮УйȰ֮⣬ֻԬ̿Ц
ĪҪôڤ粻飿ŭ˵Ա߳ѪɫѾǾ𣬴һԲɣ̶ֵļơ
ʱԬ̿ղЦֻأ֮ǻۺɱ¾ĻΪƮݣ޾ӵ֮ұңԬ̿գǵ֮һȻҶҪɱˣҵĵӣȣΪʦڴۣȻҺξ֮У
ѣȻǰвȫȻ壬̹ޱȣԬ̿ա
Уģֻ֮壬ͳһǷѣΪܽ𣿡
˵仰ʱԬ̿ƴǣȻѹλߡ
Ǵһ·ߵˣȻˣǾݹҶ˲ˣɱһɱѾǻӶն
Ԭ̿һЦȴǲ㲻ܣֻʿһһ԰ͼϸԿԬ̿Ȼڵɽ԰ֱһģһ˿̣ڻϣȻҲˣУǻɫ֮ˣѾǽһ֮˵ϡ
ɲ֮䣬ͼԬ̿һȻǽϻɫֱ֮Ĩȥ
ֲһĻˣǳҪնɱԬ̿գɲԼȻǲҽһʧӰ١
ƺѹûдڹôһһ
ԶһĻɫ䣬һŵ㡭㾿ôģΪû˳Ϣ㽫ôˣ


һǧʮ سྦྷ
ûʲô鳾ѡԬ̿赭дʱ־еıʣԶŵĻһͷ·һ˲䣬һ޷赲ͷһˡҪ֪Ҳ۷Ĵڣõ֮һ˳ɴ˿̣ﻹһߵĳȣŵĴһ̾ӡ
ӲġԬ̿һʻٿɢӰ١
ʼգԬ̿նû뿪СԺӣ赭дͽɱͨܵС
ֻԬ̿ղûԵĶô˷ܺ͸ˣ̾˿
ʱ֣׼ñʣϵԼҲĨȥ
Ҫʵɲǣͣڰգôϲã²ã·ںʲôһ
һڣͷ֮ڣ֮Ԭ̿ռ޵ֵ֮
һ̣һ
벻ħ񹦣ͷֻ֮һȻΥңң㻹ԼԬ̿յֻ֣Ǿˮ£ޱȣңҾ㣬Ԭ̿գҲֻһζѣڣѵʱˡ
Ԭ̿УɲԼԭԬ̿յͷͱɢһͷף˻ʣ¶һ˿аЦѾȫȻû֮ǰƮݵĸо

΢ʹͼ֮󣬾֪ЩԾȻǱһͼһֵ硣
΢ûмʶˣ̫ˣһ۾ͿԿ˿ڵĵطһ硯
΢磬ʦûһ磬Ϊֻǵ΢вֻܹСһƬ硣
΢ΪʦͨҲˮǴߣҪһѾѴ֮ν磬Ҳвģ΢֮磬಻ݺᣬڵ˽ȥһǻ綼ֱӱ
Ϊˣ΢֪Ҫһȹ̵Ļжѣ΢֪ģϣΨһһģֻԬ̿գĪаԬ̿յĴҲһ㡣
Ȼķչ΢Ԥһƫ˿ڵȻԬ̿չģӦⲻȻ΢ڶûļԬ̿գԬ̿յΪֹûк΢
΢ε˲࣬ƫƫûмʦ΢εһҲһ漣ˡ
˿΢ǻҽŭ޾Ⱥɽ磬﾿ʲôطԬ̿ҪԼΧ϶ģֻĪа϶֪ӦѾԼˡ
ĪаֻǷ¡
΢֪Ӧǰȫģһʯͷʼ˼ڵ
ܿ죬΢ͨһ¡
ʲôطӦöԬ̿ոԼŵһʱıӻΪ磬Ů͵֮ԼһڣҲܶ˶ã˵վͻᱻԷҵ
ΪˣԬ̿ղͼԼط
΢Ҳּ֮֮ˣͨеʣҲͲٶ롣
ϸϸһΧ΢Լڵطݲʯʯ΢ͻȻ֣һʯ棬һ鷢ĳྦྷ
΢ճãֱӽǿʯץȡָһ㽫ǿƴСĳྦྷץȡС
龧ʯ¶ȼߣֲΧǴݲݶ˲Ϳȼ
Ҫ˵΢ʯҲв٣ûм־ʯǿԲͨʯ
΢Ͳʯͷ
ֻ˸оŰͷģ΢ȻҪܴάסġ
⾿ʲô
ʱ΢ͻУ̧ͷһԶԼٶȷһһǡԼڵĵط
΢Ӧ죬¾ҪŲ֮㿪統ȻعŲ֮ȻЧ
֮ʱѹһ̣ȼһ£Χǧɵľ˲
ǵǧɷΧ֮ڣһлΪСƬ֮󣬾Ǿ޴ӵУһ޴Ҿˡ
ͬһ壬ƤҺɫʯ֮д۵ҽʣŭĿգޱȵǳˡ
ȻոĻ򣬾Ҿˡ
Ҿ˴˿¿ȥѰʲôܿſðĴһһɫʯС
ɫʯ΢֮ǰҵǿ飬˿ҾȻ̳ͬζһ㣬žʯϵǡ
ԭྦྷԵġҳ洫΢Ҿһ㶣˫ĿɫӶײ
վһˣʯȻΪǱȴǺ


һǧʮһ ķ
΢
²Ȼ޴󣬵Ҫ˵΢һȻϾ΢ѾڵˣǿȣӲһֳ
΢ǣŹֵҾ˲ǳԼģǳǸɫᾧʳྦྷ֮Ҿ˵ࡣ
ʱ΢Ҿ˷һ̶˻죬һ̷һȭ΢
ֻҾ˵࣬΢ɲ
ԸҾˣҪɹŽ΢ָһһˮɳ˲仯󣬽Ҿû
Ը棬ȻҪÿԿƵˮ
ˮɢȥҾϵĻѾϨͬһںɫʯһ㣬ȴӲ
΢վûΪҾ˲ûбˮ淨
һ̣ҾðԷȻƸǿ
ˣֻ𣬻ⶫ΢̧һȭһ̣ȭɽڣҾ˷·һεһ㣬˲߽⡣
һصʯУ¶һȭͷСĳɫᾧ
ⶫ΢һ㶣ʩչ̧һץͽǿᾧ
ȣᾧ֣΢üͷһ壬Щⶫȥ
ȷ̫ˣֱպҪԽһƬ󶼷Ҫǣᾧһֽ񱩵һаʶ
Ȥ⾿ʲô΢֮̽һȻһ㱻аʶȾ£΢˻ᾧ̫аˣۼΣճ̶ȣֱȸղǸҾ˶ö࣬ٸղ΢ҪԸҾ˿ޱȣɫᾧȴ΢һ﷭˴
Ƭʱ䣬Χ˲ٲ֮ͣһȺи⣬ȴʵĶȮƬ֮Ѿǽ΢Χˡ
΢֣ЩȮʵȸոǸҾҪĶ࣬ȻҲֱǲ֪
ϸһ΢ֻܴЩȮ˫۵п̹ȻͻңףЩȮûоµʶ
ͬʬ⡣
Ƭ֮ЩȮ΢ɱҲ飬΢ڶȮڣҲСĳɫᾧ
΢оЩȮǳԼĽᾧġ
úúÿ﾿ʲôطˡ΢úù۲һ¡ǣ΢˼СĶȮᾧԼ˾Ŷ֮Լ
΢Ҫ۲졣
Ƭ̣һȺðŻ˹ܿͿʼ΢µļСྦྷ
һἫΪң󲿷ˣֻʵǿɹõྦྷǺܿʳȻ˱仯Щ󣬵ȵɢȥЩҪǿ̫࣬Ҳ˱仯ϳ˹Ǵ̣ͷϻųǡ
΢ע⵽ǣЩҪǿö࣬˵ΪҲ̫ࡣ
΢֪ôˣҾˣǺĶȮֻ󣬶Ϊ˳ྦྷֶȻǼΪҪ
ʱǼʵȻֿʼһɱ֮ʤĳྦྷһαƬ֮һ˶ߣͬ˵Ĺ֡Ѿǳڵ˲࣬ͷðǣȼ档
һ̣¿Ƭ֮˸Ӱ١
΢޵վ뿪ķ˼
ΪʲôԬ̿Ҫ͵Եʡ΢ƺ뵽ʲôطһǿʳ磬һֻΪ棬ΪһԴǸɫᾧ
΢ҪҪΪڣ˵ϰ꣬΢ں޲̾ͽΪȥﻹܵȵϰꡣ
˵΢ǳʼҲ˲ʱ䣬˵ʲô˵еʱ򲢷ǰͰģ㹻ĻԵѰҵȷķǿԼٵġͬ΢ڽڣйȻ΢ϵĥͻۣҪǣ̫һıԴ
û΢ǱٴҲܽɹ
ͬĵ΢Ҫڣʲô϶ԣѵʱ̫£΢оԬ̿ƺҲ֪ԼλûмʦԼԼŪôһط
ȻԿǳɫᾧΪԼΪʲôԣ
Σգ΢ţȻԬ̿սԼŪҲȻ뵽һ㣬Ҫ˵һնûȻܣ϶һߵ·
΢Ҫģ··ϲߣ·ϲ
һɫᾧ΢Ϳʼ˼βҾˣȮЩһЩᾧΪ


һǧʮ ̳Ի
ܿ죬΢˺ܶ෽һⶼʧˣڸ޷ֳɫᾧвͻᱻҵȾ
Լһ̯峺Ȫһɫᾧһǵī֭һһī֭ˮ֪ȻǽȪȾ
ʱᷢʲô΢Լ֪
ĳȫʧˡ
һ죬졣
΢ʼ˼ֻʮȥˣ΢ҲκķЩɫᾧ
еʱ΢͵͵۲һ磬˵ʱ޿̶ɱС㣬ϵȻҲĴڡ
ʱ䳤ˣ΢ܸӦеģԶڵ΢ɺܴΣգеģ΢ǵ֡
֣ѾǵͬڵĴˣҲҺھĶ㣬û۷һĴڣ΢ضزס
˼΢ε
İյεĿģߵĶĶȻ΢ռĳɫᾧҲ˲٣һòϡ
һº΢εһɽ֮ء
ͬһĵطɽֵط˵֮٣Ȼ٣еģǴ˿̣΢ҵһɽ֣һˮ̶
ֻˮ̶ˮǲǳš
΢ҡҡͷε
ɽУ΢˰գʱ΢ͻȻǰСϪԣһͷðŻͬ¹һˮߺˮ
ͷ¹޴¹ϣҲͬպһɢųȹâ
΢¹ڵĳɫᾧӦҲСһ̣΢סˣСϪˮ峺͸ʮָɾ
һ΢ûǴһ·СϪģСϪˮԴͷǸޱȵˮ̶
ȻˮԴ֮ضȾΪϪˮ˸ɾ
΢طϸ۲죬ܿ죬΢ҵԭһ·ϪˮʣҪ·Ӳݣɳأʯķ϶ЩĹˣԭǵˮܱ峺عˮıʡ
һɲǣ΢ͻȻʲô
ԼΪɫᾧȾΣֻҪԼֱģɿԽˮˮ
óɫᾧš
΢뵽鼤ԭĿ㣬㣬ͺ֮ǰһ
ϾҪýᾧͱҪ
һСˮ̶ҪԼˮˮҪ׳ԼȻ뷨Ӿʱ򣬺ͻɹĺ
ѣ΢֪Լôˡٲԥʼһʼֱ̳Գɫᾧ
̿ޱȣڣǻһǿޱȵ׳ȻһͬĻпֲĿ񱩺ͻ΢ʵȴӹɡ
һ̳ȥ΢ֳһ顣
ʱ΢ƤҲʼ仯ľʵѾǾǱ˳ȵĻ棬ǵҽ棬ԿһЩطҽĻƳ֡
ɫʯ̳ȥ֮΢һˮıȾˣ΢£Ѿ׼
񱩵ʼ΢ʱȻǸӦ˺ܶתܿ죬΢֪Լ̳ȥʲôˡ
ԭǵĻ֣΢ȷû뵽Ԭ̿ߵһ·ȻĿǰĵˣ֮õķšطרֵĵͼ硣
ʣģҲֻԬ̿գ΢ҲֻԬ̿ղ͡
һЩ̳ϣ΢ֻоŵƺѾɵص¯һڲϵȼգڲϵӿ
ֱŭ΢ֻһ£Ǿ֣һ˶ɱ
˿̣ڲԶ֮һͷðľϢһǧɳ̣ͬޱȣϣŴССϰٸǴ̣ÿһͬպĸһɢſֲĳȡ
һƬߣûʲôҴϡ
΢Ӧ֮Ƿӹ˵ֱӺɱ˹ȥ
߼Ϊ׺Ϊڵһڵ΢ûʲôֵֻ֮Ƭʱ䣬ͱ΢ƶǣڵĻֽᾧȡ¡
˲䣬һ΢ðϰɸ߿գһƬĵһŵɢӡ
ЩЯСֵ飬ڵ΢Ѿǿˣֵ֣ռٶҲûã΢ϵģͼмǿĻԴͷ
΢ҲҪݱܷâĴڡ
һ֮УһͷͻɽΡȻϸͿԿʲôɽһͷ޴ޱȵĻҹꡣ
֮˭ᾪĿֲ
ʣͷҹǵͼΪǿļ֮һ


һǧʮ 
ҹ걳ϣһ˫ĻýŲһһϢĻˣͬһֱָ˺Է壬ڳһޱȵĻֽᾧ
ᾧϵĻȼȻ΢ռļҪá
֮⣬ΧʮߴСһĻ˵ʬ壬еǻޣ;޴󣬵Ѿ
ʮ߸Ǹ˫ͬħһĻɭɭһЦȻſһͽлֽᾧеĻһ룬׳
ħ֮ڱصðԶʱһְֳĹͷС
̼⣬ҲǴĳڣƫƫһ˫۾ϸֳ·¼ѹһ㣬ôôù졣
Ⱛֺﻹһ顣
ÿһǻûȼ̿һҽƣɢųȣ֮⣬ⰫֺпȥͨܶˣһͨͨĲϣŽţһ޺ģ
㲻ҲһħɭɭһЦлֽᾧĲкŤͷ˿ǰֺһۣɱʵңĪǶҵĻ֣
ֺкǺһЦæҡͷʵ޼ֻһǺαƴƴ㣬˵ġ
ħᣬҲ֪˵û֮ʵȷ޼ĶȻܾˣʵûбҪ
ʲôˣħʵ
һҹ۲죬ʸģɲֻʱȻһɱ¼ҹ˿϶Կһ𣬵ʱʲô⣬ҲֹУռ͵
˵еħ˵ͷͬ˶Է飬ʣң㻹˭
ʬ𡣡
ħһ㶣һ˿ɵܿʧ١
ã֮գ˱ϣռ
Ҳôģ˵һݽɫ֪ʲôֻ֪˱ĵ죬һѳ׳ǰ콫ǻħɱˣֽᾧʱ򿪿˵
Ҳ˵ˣһУϾֻǺճ̲㣬Ҫģңǻħʵһ룬Ļֽᾧʲôɾµģħһм
˵꣬ħĶ˫ٷߣһ˿⣬Ȼͷ˿¾޴ޱȵĻҹ꣬ҡͷϧҹƣȻܶȡĻֽᾧҵΪܸһûƿǡ
˵꣬Ҳ˫һ˲Ծɸ߿գʧ١
뿪֮޴Ļҹһˣǲռɻֽᾧ΢
ò˵΢֮ǰҲ˾޴ı仯
Ļ֮˿ľ죬˿ľҲ֮ǰȫͬ
ڵĽ죬ǻ죬ȥ΢˫ĿУѾһֻƣҲͬһĻƣȹâһͷɢӿ·ǻһ㡣
ôҲ֮ǰ΢Ӵྶͥһ쿴Ҳϲ΢
̤ͼ絽ڣҲȥʱ⣬΢ȡĻֽᾧȼҲԽԽߣΪѾﵽڵ۷壬ֻ塣
΢֪ҲͼУԼõֵʵ棬ҲôΪ
ڵ΢˴ͬһֻҪ׳ʵģյȫգЩĻһǴаϢڵ΢ĺǰȻֱ̥ͬǣһһ
Ϊ֮ǰĶ΢ɱһ
˿΢˫Ŀ޾ɱͿŽ¾޴Ļҹ꣬΢΢
ն㣬ӦþԽҵΪˣֻ֮ðվʹɡʱνҲȻҪȡһ΢ͼѾ£Ȼ֪˺ܶ顣
֪ͼٹ£Ϳǰȥ˵ȡ֮󣬱Ա֮Ϊ֮ұۡ
΢εȴףν֮Ȼǵ֮Ԭ֮̿ԽԼŪͼУΪһ졣
ʵȻ֮뿪ͼ磬棬ԼѾ̥ǣǵ֮ҲԲܷ֣Լ΢
һаɳ²ֵȷ˲ã΢ȻڶûмԬ̿գ䰲ŵļƻȴͶء
Ȼʱ仹£΢֪һ壬Ҫͻȴϼѣ΢ҪܵĶյĻ֣ܽԼصĸá


һǧʮ 
ҹ΢Ҳ˵˵ڵͼеĻˣûƿǣҹȻ˴εĻֽᾧȴûһܳɹõ
ڣ΢Ҫ顣
һ̣΢̧һͳŽµĻҹնȥ
˲һаɳ̵Ļ潣Ȼ£ҹһĽۡ
ֻҹ̫޴ϵļ׿Ǻޱȣͬɽһȥ޼¡
΢óҹѾӿݣĹ֣еɣ֪ⶼĳЩ˵Ľ
һĶˡ
ȽķػֲûƵÿ΢ոһֻ̽Էǳ
ҹȷԹ˵Ĵڣ΢ƫƫҪӲͷ
ƣľܲһ㣬ʱ΢˲ϵսȡֽᾧ֮⣬оľ졣
ûľ죬΢治ҹ鷳
նǽ΢δ߶ľ죬һնһֻһ֮ǰǿ˺ֹʮ
һ׽ǲľ쵱УѰնһǳͼУΪعͬƫ΢ţҪնҹڹǣǿġ
һȥԷֿĻ𺣣նɽâȻǽ޷ݻٵһնΡ
һ̣΢ľϵĻ翪ʼҲһնǽı׶֮һ⽣ȻǿޱȣΪǽľһֻһΣ´Ҫãõһ
ڣһ㹻ˡ
ͼ絮֮𣬾ʹڵĻҹ꣬˿ֱӱ΢һնɱƬ֮΢ѾǵõҹĻֽᾧ
ͬ΢һһֽᾧʮ־޴󣬶Ʒʼߡ
ֻֽᾧһ֣һɳĳɫð΢֪Ҫ˶ãͻĻ˱Ա뾡ա
ֽӴֽᾧ΢ѧϰֽᾧķţܿͽϵһա
ͬʱҲԶٸ΢ͷһôĻֽᾧ˿ҪʱȻ˷ʱ
Ǳ𺣣ٶߡ
΢ǰŸߣмʵǿĻ˽١
֮ǰ뿪ĻħͻҲȻУ֮⣬⼸ʵ޼Ļˣһɱڣǿ״֮󣬶¶֮ɫ
ҹȻնɱ˶Ļֽᾧһ˺˵оȣҲ̰
˭֪ҹͼΪǿļޣһʼͲ֪ж⡣
Ȼûκҹ꣬ɽȴǷ飬ҹȻǱնɱȡ˻֡
˭ģһͷڣҲͬһĻ˳ʵŭɱ
˭֪Ҷǲ֮ԲŴҴҸԱһ˵ﵱҲƲԼ˼
ܵһʱǼλʵ࣬˭˭
ղҿһ뿪ˡʱͻȻ˵ϰһҽ䣺˱ĵ졣
Χ˶һ㶣Ȼ˵ճˡ
֣ǸԷ֣ڶ̶̵ļʱŴ޵Уٵķ̸֮ɫ䣬ֱ⼸ǿĻᲢˡ
ܣôƿҹǣҪ֪ǷѾ˼Գɹһ̷񶨵
޴飬ħ˵ڲڳеĻ鶼á
ҹ꣬ˣҲʲôӿԿƿǡ
صǿ٣ʵϣ˵ƲҹǣǺϾˮʯը죬϶ǿƿġû˸ô˵죬Ǽʱ˵Ŀ̽ʱĿ֮£˭ƿ
ƿʲôȻһӵϣòκκô΢ƽĽǣôʱ䣬ҹӵǿֽᾧĻޣȻǰȻ
죬ƽˡ
˿˷Ӧ֮ǰƿҹǣȡ߻ֽᾧͳ˵ԤϡдһЩĻѾǵĲĻֽᾧǸˣжȻǸ֮ǰͽһжɣȫˡ
ǲ˵ԷԼҪ
һ˵֮֮Ǹˣ᲻߲ռһ
ֻҪ뵽һ㣬˭鶼á


һǧʮ 
˵ĺճ˵ͼƽ⣬Ҫ֪ǻҹּĻ޻кüҪôǱˣʱڣնɱǣҪôʵǿֱӶԿ
Щ˳֮ȫˡ
ǻޣǻ˴˿ҲΣȻһЩ²ĻˣûʲôǰҲжలȫɶЩһֱվĻˣͲһˡ
ʵܱܿλǱնɱȻ󱻶߻ֽᾧ
ƫƫ˽թޱȣΧɱǾԲӲ̾ߡ
¹ȥ֮ûʣ¼죬ʱ򣬷ûȥΧǸˡ
һΪ֮ҪΧɱǵûнǸ˸ɵԷԽԽǿڣԺͼᲢۡ
д˵ԷѾǳĿǰˡ
Ǿ֮ǰʬǰȥ׷ɱ죬䷴ɱ˻ֽᾧ
Ϣһµ׷ɱͣЪ
ҵԷ˭ʤ˭˵˭ȥùͷҶ֪ǸѾˡ
ڵͼ֮ϲ˽磬˿ҲǷ¡
۽ᣬҲȥ˿һ꣬һʱŮûֹͣ΢׷ɱ
ֻһǰһڣڶֵΧ֮£΢Ȼ֪ʧ٣˭Ҳ֪Էôߵġ
Ϊ£һҪˣʥ֮»һڣ˵롣
£һǵͬʱ伣
ǵ˵֮λߣΪߵλˣǶ۷Ĵڣȴͬһʧ١
һʱ֮䣬ҳһţ˵Ǽɹ
ƫƫڹϣ֮Ҳûվ˵Ļ̻̣ڵ˵ͬϵ£ǹ֮Ͻʲôţ˵ֱһ㣬Ǿǵ֮һãԾӣֻҪ֮Ͱٷ֮ȵס
£һ鷢
Ǿ֮ĵ졣
Ǵ£ϲ˽磬Ҳô֮֮ǿƵļ֮֮һ죬֪Ƕ顣
֪жҪͽλ֮Ȼǲٵġ
˿ϲ˽֮ϣƶˣȡ֡
ֻǲͬǣ˵̾޴ޱȣҲ;޴ɽһ㣬ֻţ߶ȶɡ
Χȫǹƺǽ޾˽ɽ۷ˣǰͬһ㡣
ϵӣÿһһɽһ㣬ȴͬһ㡣
飬㵮Ҳһٰʮ˰ɣʱһ£ͷǹڵ߿ʵ
ҲӦúǶһ𣿡Ǹһ£һˡ֮ޣ˿һö޴ޱȵӣȻ¡
һһͶ㣬лصܡ
٣һɽ壬͸ˡ赭д˵
һ㶣ȻЦǾͶлˣһɽ˲ãȥԳΪ½أӻɽް
ʱԶһͬ޴Ӱ֣һһ£ֳľȵһǸ˵ڣˣ
ǣֳ٣ܵܵܲǺЦЦֳǱʥ
ڵ񡣡һЦǿ
ɽ͸ֳܵںֳ뿴ǵܵΪ׼񡣡˵̧꣬һ˦һ̣޾֮£Ȼƾճһ޴󵽲˼ǳ½
ϲ˽֮棬޴ޱȣɲž޴ǳ½
黹Ǳֱʸסˡ
޾յУһ޴½أȻ뼫ԶҲԿʮ㡣
ֳҴһСȡһǳ״֣Ծͽ軨׷׸ֳˣֳЦɡ
֮ϣλ֮˽磬ڶͱͻȻֵǳ½סˡ
ʣֶΣǼλΪﵽ쾳֮⣬κһ˶ǲġ
ȻԶôһ޴ǳ½ȴûһˣóȻ̤롣
ϾȻĳλ֮ģܿӵġ


һǧʮ ֮
һڣɽ۾һͻȻ۾һ̣һѾԾϸ߿գԶǾ޴Ϣǳ½
ֻǿһۣһѾĿɿڴ˵
һ̣ҲˣһҪǴ½֮ʧʦǡݣ
һ֪ܲû˵ֻͷ
ܳסȴǳסˣͼһҪǰȥʱһס
죬侲
һ仰ػָһЩҲǹңɳۣ֮ͻȻݳ֣ȻЩʧ˷磬ֻҪϸһ룬֪¾Բ򵥡
һǰŶʱʱ˵ⶫǱĳ쾳ȡߵģڣ֣˵ʲô˵λ쾳ֽⶫݷ˳Ȼˣ˵㣬κˣȥģȥˣһѵһ䣬ҲǵͷȻ
˭λ쾳֣ʱ̧ͷ˿գʵ
λǵģ֪ļϾƿصĵطڲʱȿ˵˵ܿͻϢˡһı㣬侲ʵӦԷ
ټʱҲûá
˽ĳƫƧ֮һ̤ʵأһɽ֮ϣʱͻȻֵĶݣҲǽȫ˹ȥ
ϸһҲɫһ䡣
ȻǶݣô£ⶫݲս磬ôܵѵһ϶ɵģһ䣬ҡͷܣһ϶С£־صĴ£ңҲûⱾ£Ҫȡһǳ½ٵһΪһ϶ⱲӶ̤죬ɲֻ˭
룬Ȼתݷȥ
ĹУۣϢǿ֮͸ϵ񣿵ǻ˲˼
˵꣬һ·ԸԼˣ׼κ˿Ǹط
˽ͻȻֵ޴½أȻ˾޴ĺ䶯󲿷˶֪Ȼĳλ֮Ľ֮ǰԲܿȻǴͷ
ҲΪˣһӣûκ˵̤붫֮ء

ͼڣ΢Ȼ֪飬˿һƬ׵УΪ⣬Ϳͻƾ磬ﵽڡ
ͼ磬Ҳֻһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ͻƵڣٶȣǰ޹ˡ
΢ƫƫˡ
£ʱ˺ȱһɣ΢Ҳ֪ôԼĴҲǼԺҪЩȥԻķѲڣ΢ǺɰٴΪȹ֮󣬾Ҫˡ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ҪľǴͼȥ
Ԭ̿ջƵͼ˵ޱȣʦ۷ĽΪʦߵ΢Ҳ̾磬̫ˡ
֮ǰѾ֪Ĵڣ΢֪ᵽͬڵõͼԿס
ᣬ´λ֪Ҫȵ¡
ԣǱҪġ
˿΢ӿ·Ӵҽһ㣬ֳֹȻը죬һ汬Ȼֱʣγһɸߡ
ͼ統Уٻ˶˿ǳ
ǻӿ֮ϾȻγһգҫͼ硣
գ޳ڵװħڼԶĵطһ־޴գ
ˣû뵽֮ǰȻڡһϣ궯Żҽ顣
ճ߳Ƶ֮ǰȻֻڣϢǴ˳ȥϢ֮󣬶¶˾֮ɫ
ֲ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ɱֹһڵˣ˭뵽ôһֲĴڣ֮ǰȻֻڡ
ôͻƵڣֻжǿ
۷Ӧһͼĵһˣ
УȻжԷһϯ֮ء
ֻǶ٣ֱȥһʣµĸǺεȵĲҡ
ȻҲж˲мһ˵ģ֮ӵʱɱеѾһ𣬾ħͻ֪ױ̵ֻкʤŴ
΢ֻڵʱ򣬾ûʲôٸԸڣûҲڣ˭֪λ˲ǡ
ţ΢ͼѾǴˣһ൱ء
ڣ֮ӵˡ


һǧʮ Ⱦ
ͼеĻ˶ǵͼУǴӵ֮𣬾֪ǵʹǾǲĥΪȻռһ
һܱ֮ȥΪ֮ұۡ
Ǹֲл˵ȻһУΪлЧ֮
֮ӵ֮󣬵ͼУһǿһֱ򿪷ˣз·ָɽһɽۣÿһɽϣһ
ոտţ̾л˷ӵ
ĻֲָûǿЩͼĻᣬȵٳ֡
𣿡˶Ƿѯʡ
ûУҲڹ۲ɡ
˲С˭֪Է˭ˣ
ûУһǶ
ʱ֣߳ķͷ̫ʢѾеһ˵ˡ
飬ܿ͵õи߼˵ͬ⣬ǲɵ˭֪ǲܣԷȻռһһ𣬽ԷɱһǵĻͻһЩ
һߣ΢Ȼ֪ЩԼıӣ΢Ȼֻ֪ڲ֮ǰ΢Ȼһµķ֡
µķ֣΢ȡһ֧ʦʺģһ֧ʣ΢˺ܾˣҪóһ֣Ȼ΢Ŀƣһߡ
ʦʶ΢˵ǷȻܿߣң΢ҲŪǷʲô顣
ںֱ׷
ʦʵһʵĻɽϣֱӷȥ΢׷ᣬ޴Ļɽ֮ڡ
ֱ£ΧǹỤ̃¶ԽԽߣֻһ谭Ѿס΢Ͼڵ΢Ҳһˡ
òϢǰ΢֮ǶĵֱֿѾ˷ָĵز
˵ֻЩŨ̺棬ǳȵҽУ΢Ҳһͷȥ衣
ֻɽ棬ûҽȻأ֮һ޴ޱȵĿյأտޱȣһᣬ΢׷ʦ¿űʷУǽ󣬽֮ڡ
Ȼޱȣ΢ڵΪѾڣҵĻ΢ԸҲһЩ仯˿̵죬ſޱȡ
֮ڹɫ֮˿һߣһӰһ֧ʦʣ΢Цǳ΢֮˻ͷһһˣ
ỺȻ֪΢Ҫ
˵˲䣬΢һпҲǺָܿ򶨣Ϊʽһ
΢ʩ̿
ɽײŹᵱеˣȻԬ̿գ΢Ԭ̿յĻԿһϳԷͻϵģһģһʦ֮еϵ΢ȷǰˣԬ̿ա
ͼԬ̿΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵
΢£ɻ֪ȻԬ̿սԼȻԼһУֻҪĵȺС
΢ɽԬ̿պǸˡ
ɵֽУֱܱģҵ˼ҹȻûѡˡ
Ԭ̿˵ֿ꣬˿ʦʣӣ㲢ûкúʦȻҲᱻ˱ƵǲأҲҪߣûָ㣬ȫƾԼܵ־زѾ˲ˡ
Ԭ̿˵΢ͷЩԴӽ˽磬ȷڶʦԬ̿˵֪ԼǴʧһЩԵ֮·ˣߣܽǰȫԤ΢ߵһҲѾ൱ˣҲûԷƱ
΢ǵһμ棬ӦҲһμˣͼ磬˵Ѿĵزǵãȥ֮ݣ㱾Ŀʾˣһ֪ڵΪҲ֮ءԬ̿һ仰Ǹˡ
΢ʲôԬֹ̿΢ʡ
ʲôҪʣʱ䲻ˣϸ˵Ԭ̿ʱеıʻ΢úţȥ֮ȫʦ˵ҶǷܳµвиҸղ˵Ǹˣǵ֮Ҳı壬̫Զ֪֪޴󰭣ֻܸ㣬֮Ԭ̿գӽԺʦִƣУҪһ仰һղ죬;ԲҪκһλ֮ΪУмǣмǣ
˵꣬Ԭ̿ƺʲôҪ飬̾һһʡ
ִʻ˼䣬ܣһ̸
һ䣬Ԭ̿Ѿʧ١


һǧʮ ˲
΢ŷӦԼԬ̿գֻһƲѡ
̿
΢һ䣬޻Ӧ˼ղԬ̿˵Ļһĥ΢Ҳɫ䣬ðܻع
Ԭ̿ԭֻǵ֮һƵһ棬ʱ䳬ʮ꣬ʦ˺ܶҵ飬ӦǱ䱾ջأ˵ӴˣԬ̿ա
ΪԬ̿һʧˣȻٲ䡣
֮⣬Ԭ̿˵Ҫһ£ԼһʦǵʦɾͷͬѰ
΢һָо£Ԭ̿Ҫ˵ص㡣
˵ʵڵľ磬ʦѾǰ΢ʱյȷЩиڿʦץ
Ԭ̿ջ˵Լһղ죬;ԲҪκһλ֮ΪУ΢Ҳ⣬΢Ҳ֪һ˾жǱ̫࣬۷壬ƾֻһţһ࣬ģԽ
ΪˣԬ̿ղŽԼŪͼڵԼ׽Լ˶ϲ΢֪һȡôͿ˳Ĵͼ뿪棬ҲΪеĸ߲㣬ǵõһݣһڵ֮Ƥӵ¡
ò˵Ԭ̿յӺܴ󣬵Ȼǵֳ֮֮һôô϶ôɡ
ڵ֮᲻֪Щ飬΢ѡԬ̿գȻԷˣͲ
һɨ΢֪Լˣ֮գ᲻һô뿪һ̸
һ̣΢һ⣬
֮أ˿Ѿǻսã֪жٻ˺ͻĻսȻ˶߻ֽᾧԽսԽǿ
һʼħͻȻ˶ڵ˳֣ȲҵȲҲǰͲסʼ³ᡣ
Щһ֣һ浹
Ƭ֮Ѿռݡ
ħͻռһɺħͷ˺׹ռݣ˿˵ǵͼǿȻҲǾһɱʵϣѾǽΪͬˣˣԲȾָ˭ͻȺ֮
һҲԲĶ֡
֮Ѿˣûлˡ˿Ÿ߸ϣˣżʺͲ˵
ȻʺͲʣ֪ȥƴҲԲܳɹģȻˣαԼ
δأλˣǸճʱɨһе˻ûг棬ҿڵλδؼǶ֡һ˵
ûõģû֣Ѿһǵ֮˭вǣͻΧɱʣ˭ֵܵλ˵Χ
һ⻰ڶ˶ҡͷȻǿ˭ֵܵ˵Χɱ
ʱԶͻȻһ⣬ڹƵʻһ⣬ֱ
ˡۼһ¾Ϳ˭ʧе
ããͿܴܲһԣ˵Դ˵ˣǻлᡣʵڻħ˵˴˿мֻ٣޷ͬʱԿˣԵδؾ¡
ȻҲ˴ԶϮ΢¶һ
ˡ
ʲôֹɱͲֵܵ죬ͽɱˡ
ûһ֣˭
˴˿̴һ£֣΢Ƕˣÿһ˵Ϊڣֹɱƿ֪ǻûһ޴ޱȵĻ֮ȭһȭǧɴСԺɨһС
֣Ȼͬ졣
סģˡ
ڶһ𺳵ͬʱҡͷΪһֹ̫ǿˣǻȭɱκһˡ
ֻһ̷飬ȴ˶Ŀɿڴ
ͼ˱ĵӿȻɫ棬һնȻǽӭľ޴ȭֱնΡ
⻹㣬˶Ӧ£ֱӽǾͷնɱ߸ӦѾһն
ˣǽǽһɽն飬ֹɡ
һ΢ѾǽͷڵĻֽᾧڳȻ֮ǰھͷ˵ϣֱ£ɨڶˡ
ң˭


һǧʮ ͼһǿ
΢ûҪʹΪУǺԬ̿һ˿֮΢еĵ
ȻҪʱ΢ݣôҪ˵Ľɫݺá
ҪֹԼ£΢һֱҲЧİ취Σ
Ǿ֮ƣһɱһĸ̫ټƴ
ǵĹͬ΢¶µóһһȻˣԼ֮նɱһˣȡоųɿܲ£ϾԸԼûκκô
Ȼ΢˵֮ĸ㿴ңҿ㣬˻ȥ
ͷѾˣҲ䵽˵ҪǣλֻΪû
һȥ֣նɱָǺã
ԣʱȹԼ֮ǰԼ˭Ҳĵ档
һĻڶ˶аֻҲҲһķӦ
Խ޵еƶȡһѾǽ˶ס˭ҪȾָ
գûκλ˵ȥս΢ˣ⼸ϵ˾Ȼ˲任ǰ΢
˹Ȼͬ죬ռһ쾭壬ҪᣬǵһӦħΥĵ˵չֳ̫ǿʵʤ㣬Ի罻ãγµĹͬˡ
ϸһ£ͻ֪λ˿Ҫ֮ǰľͷ˿׶ˡ
ͨ죬Ӧռһҵȶķڷ˭ҺħһŹǸˡħҲԲԵ˵⼸˵У˵ʵʵ˵ģոձնɱľͷˣʵϱҪǿһ㣬֮֮ǰ΢նɱͷ˶ȴΪͷҲۣ΢ѡͷˡ
ħ˿ľ˭ƵΣֻҪγµĹͬˣôλӷȹһЩ
ԣȻǿʼͽ΢
ǼǼҲͷȻҲʱùͷ
ˣγɹͬˣռΣ׹뷨
Դˣ΢ֵĺνȻҪݺһˣ飬ûͬ⡣
ԣ΢˵ͷͬ⡣
ãǾˣ⣬ͻǽ֮ұۣԺɵö໥շħЦ⣬һΧЩҲ࣬ԼλĿӦѾǶˡ
ȷ֮ǰ΢һնɱͷ˵̫ǿˣǽڳеĻ˶סˣԵûһս
ǲҡ
ʱѾ˴˵λˣǵͼеĵһˣȻ֮ͷ¡
еʱƾôģ΢֮ǰȻ˼ɵǽ΢ɵˣɱ֮죬浱΢ˣ޵֮ƽͷնɱ֮󣬷̾ͱˣ΢Ȼǳͼһˡ
ֱ仯Ƭ֮ɵģ˶ǰ̾ѣȻĽʣ˺ǲܱȵģǻħħˣҲѣѾռҵǣ֮ǰ΢նɱǾͷˣǵеһ
˵ùֻһǸͷˣⶪ
΢ѾǹϵͼһĹѾ˶֣ʱһϹâҫ˲䣬ϵ˾⵱ʧ٣ȻǱͼ硣
֮֮ٴαһգеĻȫ˳ȥٹ꣬ʮ֮꣬Ż֡
ҹɽ
ǵĵ̣ɽޱȣ걻һ֣ԣű˳֮Ϊҹɽ
ĵͬʥɢ˶ѣ֮ʥأԾס֮صûʲôҪΨһرľǵ
ˣ˵˾ŵΪŽһ塣
ǸǾͳεĳ񣬺ʣ֮ǵľ˵˾ŵУ˴Ψһһûʲôɣɵϵ¶Ϊһ塣
ҹɽڣʮɽۣ֮˿ڶ˹ڵϣǹݵķ˿̳ţȵɢȥ΢
ҹɽһǳ֮ڣһᵱУɫ䣬ִ꣬ںȾ̸


һǧʮ ķ
죬֮˵µλѾӻ絮̿λĲˡһɫѿ͸һ˿ʡ
ʲôƨ˭ǣֻǰλģҶϣҲϣ󲿷ֵĵֶϡһ֣Ƥ׳˵ס
ɮСһ㣬Ϊ㲻Ͼˣ֮նĵҲϣڶԿ֮Աһ߳ǳ⡣
ˣλµ޹أ֮Ƕܹ̿ݵģ˵ûб̿ûڵǣ֮ǿ϶ΥҲñ̿ôĪӰ٣һգǲȣ˭ȣԱһҲǿڵ
ħ棬㾭̿˵˵˭ܲɫͽ̿°ߣǻɱǸͷһ䡣
ǻħһϢΪǿˣĺ֮һ΢ڳϳħ滹һ֮Ե
Ҫ˵ʵ¿һۣʵ
ϻȻҪ˵ʵԸֿɮ̿˵
浱۾һУС̿ͨϲ˽ܵеù˾ָҪ˵һûǱ̿Ķ֣ʥǼ
һǵһ
ʣĻ˵Ѿ൱ֱˣ˵̿գôԷܿһλ֮
һ뵽бӿһС
ƴҲԲһλ֮Ķ֣˵˭֪
¾ԲһһϦܽģһȥ顣
ʱͻȻеӿ㿴һ˿ٷɳȻߺ
ħڣ
˼䣬ᵱеķѾǳŵڴˡ
ǷɹȻȡһ˷ٻħǰȥҪ㡣
һȻɻޱȣҪ֪ڵУҲֻ²ˣ˼ĵΪҪԼС
һ䣬ǴҡͷΪΪʲôҪ㣿ôֻ֪ˣϻ˵ϽһȥĪҪ˾õȡ
Էô˵ˣҲҾܾûʸȥܾȻɻ󣬵ǸŶԷǰȥȻߵʱǸԼǼִɫ
˵һ·ŵҹɽмɽֻеʸס档
˿ԼߵһɽЩȣҪ֪ĵλλʵҲиߵ֮ģֲ𣬴סɽͿԿ
ߵһɽʣֻеλڵһλʸס
˵λ˾Ȼλһĵ
оȹ龪ȣ治ҶʣжĿҪ֪ڲͳμΪɭϣϼϼԲκεĲ֮ǰС̸ݲй¶й¶ȥһˣһһ
棬ΨһľǱֳϼľԷӺ͹
һ·ϵɽ·໤һ⣬ͣˡ
Լȥɣ˵ֻһ
⻰˵ͷ롣
ܴҲΪݻϾסŵһλڵУ֮֮µλߵĴڡ
ڴ֮ڣ濴Զһһˣǿ߼Ȼҹ
λߣȻǲܹڿ
·棬ݼ湪˵ǴȷʲôëϾҲˡ
ֵǣλûп˼ûͲ
ã˵ˣȥɡ
һ㶣ȻûŪʲôԼֻǿһ۾ȥҪʲô
ˣأ
Ȼ⻰ǲ˵ڵģֻǹ˳ȥֻſڣһֳֳɣ·ħһţħߵħ棬ӽ̷ҡ
ɵˣŷӦλˣȻǽԼΪ
浱ȻףΪ΢ʲôû˵
ͼ֮΢Ϊ˵λһĵǵõսһĻħ棬ʱԷǵˡ
΢ǵõʱԬ̿ռΪһٶԷ΢ôȻĿĵġ
ȻλȨأҲıҪܶ£µˣҪ۲һ£ԣ΢ҪԷΪ¡
ȻҪһ¶Է
˿̣΢ڿһݵľڣһ˽緢¡


һǧʮһ ң޲ܹ
΢ͼѾһʱ䣬һʱ緢̫ˣȻܱڵģһЩ¡
棬΢⣬ΪעģǺճֵһʹ½
˽ͷȴ£ºѾ֪֮͸֮
ֵֻǣԴһƬ½֮֮ûнգҲû˵ҪȻô
û֪ô£Ͼ漰֮˸ͷԣһƬƾճֵĴ½֮Ҳûκ˵ҿ
ϵλ֮˭ȾָһƬأ
Եڣûκһȥͷ·һƬһ㡣
΢ϵ֪̾һƬ½ǴսʧٵĶݡ
̫ˣ΢ֻǴзɳԾϼ֮գԸԶһƬΰ½ء
֮΢ȷеĲ²⡣
ȷǶݡ
ϤϢһ˲ץס΢Ƭʱ΢ҪһзȥݣϤĵطϤˣ֮
ֻǾʱҲһӰվ΢

⼸ͬȻǺ΢һӵͼĸˣҲ΢һ˵ĵλߡ˵У΢Ϊ𣬱ǻڵͼﶷһɳ֮ȴǼΪŽᣬϾǳͬԴ˱˴֮Ρ
ǵĵǽ΢ѡ
΢˿֪Լڲܹȥ¶ݾͽǰҲԲܹȥ
ΪԼҲΪ˱ˡ
٣΢ӵоԵ֮ǰֻԶۣԲ̤벽¹ǰȥˣͿԼˡ
ڣ淢ʲô飬ЩǷ񰲺ã΢֪
ּ尾֪ԣ˿ҲЩҡȹ̡
΢Ȼ־ҵĲ֮£ǿסԣ֪ڵ΢ɲ֮ǰ΢е֣ǿ󣬵Ҳıһ˵ӣ˱ΪΪ΢ס񣬵ס
˵Ҳһֶصˡ
΢ңԶ֮Ƭ½أԱ߻ħ˵һƬ֮͸֮񣬺ߣȷǴֱʰ쾳һĸ־ȻԽ˾޴½ȡ
ﵱУͶ㽡
ȻѾǵеĶڣΪҲֻڣ֮ǰǿλ۷Ĵڡ
Ϊ²ٹգһֱڱչصĵ֮ͻֳǰ棬ʱ򣬿ܻѡһ߶ָ㣬еָ֮ΪҪ۷壬Ҳ̫á
ǼѾ۹Σ֪λѡеĿ˭ǵǿһ
ѡ߶ôҲлᡣ
˭Ǳ˵ģĸ΢ǹ
΢ʱѾ飬ҴӾ￴ˣԾβ֪Ҫʲôǵǲһ·ˣԣ÷ģҪ
˵ֻһƬأû˸ȥǽذϾϵλ֮ٿҲ¿ЦҲǵͷ˵ǴĻҽ顣
û˸͵͵ȥҿ˵еβסˡԱߣħɭɭЦ
ԸܣԹϽҲǵΪûˣ֪鱨ࡣ
΢仰ͷһϵ˸˵Ķ֣һЩΪСǳˣȥ֮Ҳҡ
Ȼ΢ĲѣǵȻ˿Ťͷħʵϸ˵˵
ħЩ΢ģ֪λλһĵȻǵ֮µĵһˣԶ΢Ϊӣ΢ʻæʵ˭һƬأȻϵλ֮ϲȴСϣ˵͵͵һƬ½ˣûһģ£ܶ˶֪֮Ѿ棬Ǳߡ
˵ʵ΢һʼЧ±͵͵ǱȥЩ֪Ȼϵλ֮͵͵Ǳûһ˵ûбϿô򵥡
˾˶ԽʱԽҪס
Ȼһ̽Ҫġ


һǧʮ ùһ
ħǲѾȥ̽ˣ΢ʱͻȻʵ֪ħԸ񣬼Ȼ˶ô㣬ûɲ㡣
ȻСʵǵȷҲһţɳȥˣһûл
ɣʱ΢ͻȻڵ٣ҪϢһʱҡ
Ǻħһõ΢֧֣¸Ǹˣİɣž֪֮Ҳͬ
΢˵ͷȻٿһԶĶݣŷ
һգ΢ûٷ𴩹Ʋ㣬ȥ¶˵ֻǾ֮ͣΪһοԣٿ˻ɡ
΢ڵУݲһء
ңʵϣҪƿصĴȨҪһء
һ¹Ҫ΢ȫӦԡ
֮󣬱չصеĵֳ֮һҹɽ
ǰʽµλֻ֪˲֪ǣ֮Ҳһ´ӵͼгˣǵģǵͣĻģȻᱻǿ֮ģͻᱻָ֮Ϊ֮󣬱ִ֮Ƶ
΢֪á
˵΢͵֮ǳУԶ΢˵ԴܲɫҲһ޴ս
Ҿ΢ɫ֮ҲûߵĴڣܲùԷδ֪֮
Ԭ̿հŵģ΢ŰջǺܴģֻҪԼԼӦģŲ
˳΢Աָ֮Ϊõֶ֮Ըˣ΢Ҫ顣
գҪܴͬ󣬻ܸõԼ
ҹɽû¸棬ܿ͵˵֮ٵӣۼҹɽһ߷֮ϣڶˡһ̣кƵлӿƷת֮һӰ£ǵ֮Ļ
΢˵֮Ϊϵļ֮֮һΪѾӴ쾳۷壬봫˵Ҳֻһ
Ϊˣλ֮ŻѡΪİ檣ΪҪ֮
£Ҳ΢˵֮°ԭ򣬾Ϊֻʱֻǽ󼧽ܣ˵ǰ檣ʵϣ󼧾ǵ֮·ϵһζҩѡ
ɴ˿ɼλ֮İԵֶΣ˵ʷ΢˵ֲһ
Ԭ̿գ΢ٹһ꣬һǧ꣬ûʸ֮භһᡣ
΢Ԭ̺̿õ·ߣȻһ·ҲǾ鲼ޱȣɱϾһ·ġ
֮Ļ٣һ·ĵһȥ˵ʱȫȥ
Ϊˣ΢ֵĸΪȻһӭӵ֮Ļǰ֮΢һ𣬰ݵӭӡ
֮ı΢ûмڻ΢Ǽʱǻһɱ̫Ѿˡ
ǰˣǰĻͬȴһ޶
΢ԷͬʱԷҲɨһۣ΢ˣȻŵܺãͼȻȻĿԵϣΪããһҵӴ˲ȱˣ֮ԳԽΪһ
˵֮ͻȻ֮⣬ֱ΢˵֮ͫڣ˲ʱ䣬˶һ𣬶á
΢֪ǵ֮̽ǵĵϸò˵֮¼ΪСģҲ޿ɺǣͼ絮ĻˣҲҪú̽飬Էһ
£΢ڵͼʱѾ΢ܼ򵥣Ǿǽһ̳ԵĻ˵ļ䣬ȫԼģ΢ԼıԴǽû껭֮
΢뵽ʩչֶΣƭԷ΢Ҳûˡ
ʵϣ΢ڶġ
ĵ֮Ըڵͼ껭֮ĵԼ
֮Ϊǿ΢˸ֵܵҲֵܵǴӵʱļ䣬һ·ɱɳеһУ˲䱻֮Ķ棬΢ġټ䡯
ʱ䲻ٶ΢˵ֱǹһôãڣ֮˻ȥ
һ̣΢˿Ȼ֮ӦûκλɣǴӾ˵˶ͬС죬忴ȥǿʲô覴õġ
֮ԵͼĻ˾ͺΣղŵ̽ҲֻǱһľٶ˿֮̽Ƿˡ


һǧʮ ʮı
Ĳʽʮ¡أҾ΢֪ڻٶеִڣĸֵʱǻ˵ģڵеĵλѾ֮
̣΢ֵĶ½ĵһеҲûκβ
ڵ΢ϤˣҲ޷ǰκϵ΢ıԴѾ΢Լڣǵ
֮΢ܲǵֲ֮¶ɫĲ̽üΣò˵֮ȷǶɡ
ȻҲһֿԡ
Ԭ̿ڵͼѾ˵ʧ΢Ͳ³ԭԬ̿գǵֳ֮⣬ӦѾ֮ջͬʣԬ̿Ԭ̿գ֮ǵ֮ͬԴȴȫͬˡ
˵֮ѾǻΪУôȻͼԬ̿ջƵģ֮϶ҲȫͼԲŻ̽
΢Ȼ֪Щһ취ûУ٣Լڸûк͵֮
֮Բ岻£Ϊ΢Ԭ̿ա
ȻЩ鶼Ԭ̿հŵģ΢ŶԷ϶Ѿܶ鶼׵ˣǰ飬ͼ磬Ԭ̿տ϶ѾǴĸɸɾõ֮һë
ʱ΢һԹߣԬ̿պ͵֮ͷ壬Ԭ̿ȻѾһĵУ廹ڡ
ΪԹߣ΢֪һ壬Ԭ̿Ǵȡ
·Ѿ̺ˣ΢Ҫľߺ
΢֪һ·ǶʱģԬ̿һľǣöԷΪѾӮˣ֮ƭΪţԬ̿ղŻԼǴۡ
ʽĲ֮΢ʵȨ΢ҲԤϵеһͻһ𣬱֮ѡУָ㡣
ǧҪСָ㣬ϰ仹޵ʦָûʦָ㣬ǽȻͬĽָǵģһλ֮Ϊﵽ۷Ĵڡ
ӣһһôȥ磬΢ѾǺܼȵ
½˭˲֪˭˲
λһǿǵڳ֮ΪǿƺǿˣңΪλȻһһ굱֮ǰҪǿ
һתȥ΢˿վһɽ֮ϣʮһɽĳţΪ֮
΢ȻߣʮڳԵɽ̣ʾ¡
˿̵΢ڵΪû˿иеָ֮㣬ԵԴҲ޷⼸ʱͻƵ۷塣
ò˵ǰ΢̫ˣ쵽˸оʵ¸ȣ΢Լƶһƻ
һʮƻ
㣬ʮ֮󣬽Ϊ۷塣
۷徳磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˣԬ̿˵죬;ԲΪΪ֮⣬һҪ쾳ż
ǹؼ
ʮܳɾ۷壬ô죬Ҫꣿ
΢Ȼд㣬뿼̫Զ»ǽõΪ۷塣
۷壬ҲһЩֶΣڣĸ֣Ǻ޻֮
ս֮⣬΢עģǶݡ
ʱƣڶݵϢҲԽԽֵ࣬ǣȻ֮ȴûнôȻǰ
Ȼûô򵥣ݿƿţûκ˿ȥ΢ΪȻ֪һЩ֮¡
˵ֳ֮һⶫݣֻһҲ֮ķ˻ȥⶼɱˡ
֣֮˭ֵܵ
ⶫݾͳ˽ء
Ϊηֳһⶫ棬û֪ˣǵ΢֪Ϣ֮̾ðһͷ
ⲻǺ¡
˵һ£΢λãҾԵõָ֮㣬֪鲻Ტ۵ġ
ڵļλ֮֮䶼
ʲô
ȻǽһΪĻᣬ棬Ϊߵ֮Ҳӽ֮һȻǵ֮һ˵֮顣


һǧʮ ô
΢Լ˵֮飬͵֮һҲڲѰͻƵ
֮Ϊˣǿн󼧣Ҫ壬֮飬ƺǴٽݾ
ؼڶϡ
΢оԭ۶ԷҪʲôô΢ϣκΣա
Ϊ棬Լˣѡ
ֻҪ΢ڵΪȥ֮飬ǼֱǼʯͷڣ΢ǻԵϣҪΪͻƶûʮ֪꣬黹ǵ֮Ҫʮܽģ
˵ǧ꣬ġ
˵΢ʱ仹Уж٣΢֪ǣֻܾһпܼӿԼƻĲ
ڼ䣬΢ֹһ·Χ˵ǽ뿴Ƭ޷̤㣬ڹΪһϾҲ޷һλ֮󣬸ο֮Ҳ΢ô
ʮʱ俴һ˵˵ǵָһҲΪ
ͬ΢֮ǰԤϵһʮʱȹΪʵһһȥǱֱģʱѾȾһˮ³
ΪҲڵ֮ϵָ֮½٣ǺһѡصĻΪҲǱ΢̫Զ˿̣΢ֻҪһͿԽ۷塣
ٻһٲ
ǲࡣ
΢һûȥΪڹϣ΢õһ¡
˵һˣͼ͵͵ӵĹѾħͻħá
΢ΪһȻҲ֪󼧱ʲôطԴϴֱ֮ץͬʧȥɣһ֮ڡ
΢ڵݣҲܾǰȥżȥΧǿģʮʱҲҵȥ󼧡
ֻ΢ûб¶ݣ֪Լ߶ľţԨκʧٲ
΢κʧĴڣ󼧣΢ûиԼݡ
Щ꣬󼧾ͬеĽ˿ȸһûɣȻҲڲҲӳ֮ƿء
һ㣬Ҳɼˣûзϣ
΢ҲǾעȻƣ˵Ҫ֮סλ
΢´Ǳκ⣬ҪһʱڣȻ顣
΢չͻƣֻʱһƣ·ϣ΢룬˭ǱҹɽΪ˽󼧣Ϊ˽ٳ
һ΢֪ǵڶֿܵãǵһֿܣǾЩΪˣôȥ˽϶ûģ٣΢ҪеȨץԼ
󼧾סĹ⣬һ˱ػĽ˿̲޷ѰֽŵĻ
ΧǻĵˣУλ
һǻħһǺħ
Ҫ˵ҿӹˣ˭Ӧɱħ˵ɱʮ㡣
ԵƬ̣Ѿɡħʱ˵УħΪƻҲΪʵ
˵˭ǿ͸˭˭Ļ
ʣǿȨ󣬼֮µĵһˣԣħ΢൱ͽᣬ˱˵ħµһ
ħԼ飬ħЩˣ뵽ԸҲҼ֡
Ͼڵˣ죬ҹɽУ˭ΥλǿƵĵ
ǵƬ̣΢Ѿ̤١
ΧЩˣæݵ񣬸ߺݼ
ǻħͺħҲͬǹǺħ΢٣СץΪ֮͵ȴĽ٣δã뷢䡣
΢֪ħ׸ƣҲǺܺõ˶ԷԸˣá
˿΢˵ͷ˵һúãúħѣ΢㿴Ǹŵˡ
һ΢סˡ
Ȼ
΢ȷû뵽һλյĹˣȻ΢˲ͻָ˿һ⡣
˿΢ɨһˣѺΣҪʡ
Ǳ߻ħǰݸ߹Сͱá
Ȼ΢Ĺ͡
˭֪֮ԹӣͺħץģԹһ룬Ϊˣ·ɱЩġ
΢Цһô뿹


һǧʮ ǿ
½Ȼ磬λߣȨ󣬵˶֪λҲвġ
ǿƣʱѾ˲֪˲Ҫʲô֮
λħҲǱֵĹ͸ͷˣʱ΢һȳˣ·ӦԼôɵҪͣħĹ͹ãԼʲô
Ҫ֪ЩǼҲλ֮صһһǻԻħͿߣҪ϶Կ죬ֻЩսŰܣ
ڵͼһ֦㣬ܵУҲһ
鷳ǣλǳ֮ܵأܶ飬Ǿģͺͻħ˵Բܺ϶ŸɣãΣȻħǳ嶯֮²Ҫ
£æң˵һҿη䣬ȫƾᡣ
΢ɨһħǿƣҪ㣬Ϊһǿƣ΢ڵ˭ȭͷ˭ԽǿƣôȨԽء
ʮı΢ѾǵյǸ΢ˣԼǳ֮ƣȻԬ̿ոԼһ·ôԼҪ꾡ӣƿص
Щ꣬΢ֳ㹻ĺѾȡ˵֮ΣԷ𽥸ԼȨĸȨƣ޷ԼᲢۡ
΢ţֻҪƻ𲽽Уȵ˷ʱԼ߿ֱ֮ƿ
ʱµĵ֮ʸ֮⡣
ԣǿǱġ
ⲻ֮ģҲڶ˿ġ
׼͵͵Ǳˣ΢뱣ģαȻǱҪԼƿȨ
±ССģ༸ǺħҲֻԼȨƺһǷԼΣ֮飬Щ̾ͻᷭ
㽫ѺΣһݣϾ¹عܲӡˣûоŵˣ΢ʱʵֳһɴ˽ֻΪ֮ҵ̬
ħæѾ֪ˣҪ֮׼뿪벽ֻ˾ҪǱŮš
úã΢аȴֻܿ佱Щ꣬Ҳֻһȥ󼧵˵ʮȥҲûз
һᣬĻᡣ
ȥˣûˣȰ΢˳Žӹ
ڵĵطΪܣ˵ֵصĵˣ΢λǺεݣȻȥ磬˵պ÷飬ΪһȨǰġ
޴һĹǰŻҪȥΧΧһȺŮ뿪ûӣ֮µķ˭˭͵

˿΢Ǵʱְ󼧣ʱҲ侲λԷΪǿ֪һԼҪҲԲܡ
ŷ·Ľ˿ȸһ󼧣΢ȴǺȻŵ֮ǰҪ¾ŵˣǰ
ţߣҶûмˣ̸ţȻԵ˺ܲ⣬һ㶼
΢֪飬Ȼ֮ᣬǵ֮谮ԼأȻҵҲѰ죬֮׼뿪벽ǲù뿪ģ¡
ҵȻ֪мҪǰ졣
΢һ֪ҪʲôЦλֻҪΥ֮뾡ܷԸ
ãǸôˡʱ˵Ȼ֪һ˿϶ԴԼĹȻϤˣѡ
Էץס֪˭һ뷨Ӫȡ
΢֪룬Ȼ²ܵģԼô֮ҲԲ󼧼ˡ
ԼҲǾ£ƽҲ˵ܼġ
ʮˣ΢Ҳ˳ᢣϾͿԽ۷壬һЩƻҲԿʼʵʩˣ磬󼧰æıһЩ顣
΢˼֮ŵ£ԡ
ȻҲ֪Ҳûм֣ǻһַʽһԣҪȥʣǸ˵֣ʲôһܸòѵģţǵ֮Ҳûнֹ顣


һǧʮ ҩ
΢Цˣ󼧻һĴһ©
£֮йָʾ𣿡΢û̱̬ԱߵĻħһ㶣û뵽ϸһ룬ҡͷûУֻ֮Ͻ뿪Ҳɵˣȷûнֹһ
ǣȥʰɣȥ˸˻ػ΢Ըһ䣬ħΣֻȥʻ
һͻˣԳȫ
΢ԺԵĿȻ˿ֻͬһģ΢Ȼ⣬ϾȫҲͬʦֻ֣Ϊ֮ǰɿĪǣΪĻˣ
΢ûв£ֻܵΪֹĿ֮£ܺиĽӴʲôʾ
˲ɵӣ΢֪ߵŮУи֣ΪԼ
Ȼǵ֮ˣôֻ˵ԷԸСĵģǵСģԲץκΰѱ
֮΢ȥȫˡ
νȫȻǵȫɾ꣬һһɳͳݣȫɾȫȻûжǰ̣ҲǳƣҲֻһ֮£дڶ
ֻǵĴ˽˵ͳЦ˽ĴҪȻõһɾȻҲΪһС΢ˣȫɾҲᱻ²񣬳Ϊ
΢˵ȫɾĴΣôҪǱ
Ҫʲô
϶Ŀġ
˿̣΢վڻεУŶ汻סȫɾŵģȴνԷȳȥ
󼧲һ󼧲֪ж۾ţ֮Ҳڶţ΢Ҫ󼧳ȥԶûС
λȫɾһֻҪһЩֶΣԼĵλȨƣҪ뿪ǿġ
˼ı˼ı
΢ʼʣʶԷ˭ģʲôĿġȫɾҲѣ֪䵽϶䲻ãҲ˵ĺֱס
ûʲôҲʲôָɣĿģҪ߹󼧡
΢ע⵽ȫɾӦú̫һܹˣ⵼¶ԷΪٵһڣֻڵΪ
ڣر࣬ҲǺͺħʵ΢һ¡
Ҫ֪ʮʱ΢ɲʲôûΪҲǻ̫ı棬޸˵ҩͲ֪ж١
Ͼ΢ǵĵλν֪Ҫ߳٣ȫɾϵȻأԼʱް취ɷŵ΢Ͳʲôˡ
ܿ죬΢ơ
ˣʵĶˣȹͽܣ˻ˣΨʡ΢ƣ˵ֱֻ˭ûע⵽΢˲䣬ͻȻ̧һƣմȫɾʱһƴȫɾ
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΢Ц߳ȥħЦ֪ڹħߴôһ£ֻ˶ԷһʱǸħ⣬ⷸˣλħĽڡ
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ħɫѿһƴı˷ǸͱˣԾǹԼƫƫûʲô취
ȥ֮״֮δػԼʱҲģæ˷
ֻǻħѹ֪Ѿ΢ںõ嵱С
ղ΢һƣѾҩ˳Ż뵽ȫɾڣʱ΢Ϊ˿ȫɾ˳ߺͽԼȥӻʹźħȥҵ֮
һǣƣȫɾΪָ֮ߵĻʾ̫ˡ
˲ӲˣҲ˻ɵԼϣڹлħһ˱ž㹻ˡ
˭õʱֻһڳ˭þȫɾ
΢кܴգҩȫɾΪָ˳ϣӦҲػ۷壬ȫɾӦ֪ô졣
΢Ͱ֮࣬ķ֮һǱߣ΢һƿƻɱľٶ£ȫɾȻ֣ԼڼٶȻָΪҲڻָ
һҲǴϲ
ϸһ£ȫɾ֪˭ԼȻ벻׶ԷΪҪԼᣬǲġ


һǧʮ ʿ
ʱȫɾɱֵʵΪڿٻָǱ߻ħҲŻˣæ˼ҽηŵ˹æҵĽȫɾϵĻ⿪ʼһЩ鵤ҩ
ȻЩ鵤ҩЧԶԶ΢֮ǰԷڵҩҲܶһЩЧ
ȫɾƻָĸ죬пϲڻ
ϾλȫɾҲһ˭ֻг䲻⣬׼֣һӳȥ
ڣҲȥӪ󼧵뷨֮ǰѾ֣ߣһΪﵽ۷˸֣ȥˣһôûУԵ֮Լӳȥ
ʱȥ΢ͺħѾǼ֮ķԭԭĵ΢˿̵ĹƣʱȫɾӦѾжˡ
ʵϣȫɾжʱ΢ԤĻҪôһ㡣
ڻħ˷᲻ô˵ʱ򣬶ԷͻȻӵϳ𣬾Ȼʩչĳֽεдǧ
һ£ִˡ
ҽ˵նɱħȻΪʵȫɾʵѾҪǿ࣬ټȫɾ˿Ǻŭ֣ȻǽħѹƵ̧ͷȫɾʩչȫĶնɵһ£ͽħһֱնϡ
һʵǿԽħֱնɱģȫɾȴǹûɱǷһ·
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ÿɱħֶΣɱôһڣʱԵ֮ԶɵԸ񣬰ٷְٻỳħֱɱˡ
Ǹ⡣
¶ȫɾ˵ҲǵΪֹħ֮̾ߣҺԥ
Ϊ˭ӳֻǵһӳҹɽҪġ
ҹɽƣŲƣУվ̫ˡ
ȫɾ·֮֮ǰԻã˽Ӧ˿ӳ֮ʩչһʱָɳһֱ񣬿һȥȫɾǽں档
һָ·ķȻʲôеʱȴǿϴá
߹հƣȫɾ͵͵һɽɽΪΣΧһЩķ󣬶˿̾ȻһЩ˵ȫɾһһΧ
ȫɾ㣬ôӳˣһϲȻĸˡ
ǰ֮ǰ֪㱻ץˣ뷨ӪءһҲǴ˵óȫɾЩ˵еĵλܸߡ
ȫɾ˿̳˿Լû£ȻˣǵĻ˵ˣ˵ز˾ǿߡ
ǹĸ󼧴أԱһ˳ʵ
ȫɾҡͷ̾ϢУȲģʱͷɡ
ȫɾô˵⼸˶Ĭˡ
ʱһ˵ϧǴʱһ֣˵Ϳҵ΢ɵˡ
˵⻰һһڳò㣬΢￴λԻĿɿڴΪ˾Ȼһɳξٺɽ
ɽ²ҪˣֻϣɵƽƽֻҪƽպ֮աһҲȻ˵Ȼڡ
ξٺɽڣһλˣһһλŮˣ΢֣ɫĿġ
ξٺɽʱŤͷֳε㲻ǲ֪㲻Ҫģ֪ģϲ˽磬΢ɵҲǴǲһ߹ĸ󼧣μ۽ᣬΪǧŵһˣʧ٣룬Ůǵ֮ûץס˵΢ɵ۴˿ҲһǱŻ
ɽ磬ҵȻ֪ҸͣҺֻҸ֪ڶǻ᲻һлȥ鷳ˡ̾˿Ȼʮʱĳɳֱ΢ΪȻǲҲֻһҪ˵ٶȣڳ˵УûһܱȵξٺɽǣҲֻǳ۷ѡ
ȻξٺɽڣٶҲǼΪˣʮʱ䣬ͨ˵ľܴﵽˣȻҲǾ
飬Ϊ˵ʵܳΪ©֮ӳ죬Ѿ漣ˣȫɾ֣ǼҲӲ


һǧʮ ΢Ϣ
Щ˵еλߣҪ֪ɳʱҲɳֻǵ˽磬ǲ֪ɽɽȫɾȿȫĶˣ˽磬Ҳֻ֮ͨͨǰһҹɽ
˵ĲǵΪ˽˰ҲӲ֮뿪Ƿ֮˵ȫɾ˵꣬̾˿ϧǵһɾ̫СȻһҪðܶࡣ
ڵһɫһ䣬ǰȫɾһɾǱߣѾӴҲĿԣһ΢ɵ۵һɾҲܴ󣬴˷ܻҹɽҲһڳ
д£ȫɾһ㶣ЦЦ벻һ϶Ȼˣװ꣬Ϊܱۿ̫˶޶ԡ
ڡξٺɽһǻ࿴һۣȻȫɾһɾĳɼǺܴġ
ǻ϶һˣڵ˽磬ɳʵǹһˣɳɹ١
ͬ΢˽磬ԳһɳɵһҲԳɳ֮١
ߵΪʲô仯䡣
֪֮󼧵ѾΪֻ֮ʱ뿪Ժ뷨ӡ
ȫɾе飬ǼȻȻҲΰȻȥķӣǵУһ˽Ԫ䣬׿Խרһ
ҹɽع򣬽ֹŲ֮ʣƾЧˡ
ԪԿʩ÷ӡųͱ
ͱһһͬپ룬мʲô谭޷Ӱ죬ǴĴڡ
˿̣ͰҹɽһȫĵطԪ
ϣҹɽĽƣҲȥ
ųȫɾǴ뿪˵ȫˡȻµĺҹɽȻ󲨡
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ͱеĵҾ֮ķߣҲǰˡ
˿̣΢ͺħѾûãŵ˾ͽˡ
ˣ֮ķһȥͨͨˣֻɫдżΪǿơ
ôܵģһ䣬ŵʵԱߣ΢ͺħΣ϶¶֮ɫ
ô˵Ϊ˸ԷҽΣ˵ļƣˣ֮ɱ⡣
Ȼ൱Ĳ⡣
˵ô˭ѾˣˣɱɱˣʲôⲻǶһ𣿶ҾΪöԷûߣò˵֮ķʼġ
һʱ俴΢Ҳʱ΢˵ʣµȻ·ȷǳҵԤϣһȥҲҪɱֻҪΪһ»µ֪Ժڱ󣬾ҵĺ£Ҳǽⷢӣû뵽Ȼɴϳ͡
˵꣬ݵ
΢⻰˵ûκëûκ⡣
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΢ɫԱߺħʱˣأڳģûֹ𣿡
նһۡ˵ħһҿ°˳ɺͻѲ˸ϵնһۣҲɱΪʲôûУŵͶˣ˵ǻ⡭
ԣ޶ۣ²⣿΢ʱѵһħһҲǷӦڵǰôһλȷʲô£˵ڵʧ֣ԶǸм
һԣʲôȻȥɡ
ǣģ̰ѲҹɽҪ߲ס΢˵꣬źħתȥ
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ǲǣжᣬ֤ݣ͵Ϊֹ֤ݣ͡΢˵һ䣬Ͳٶ˵ħ˼
һƫԶ֮أڣȫɾڡξٺɽ̳֣˷һȻǻɥʱ߽ӦǵȴǸһµϢ
ʲô΢ɵ۵Ϣˣ


һǧʮ 
ʮԴӶݳ֮ȫɾǾγһ˴Ӷݵг֮⣬һЩȫɾ˽յĵӡ
ϾǺһɾ޼ĴڣȻı㲻һɾΪȴһ㶼
ǵľݵ㣬ȫɾһӾͽոյõһϢ
ʲô΢ɵ۵Ϣˣ
Ϣ֮󣬵һʧ˵ʮʲô˼΢飬ĵġ
һϵ˶Ǽޱȣʮʱ޿̶Ѱ΢ټôңûκϢֻ֪ʮǰ΢ɵȡ۽ĵһ֮󣬱ŮԼһλΧһڣһһסѹû˴Ҳûн΢˵ڶ죬΢֪٣ӴѶ
£½֪˵΢֮Ҳ쳹˽硣
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ôɳڶֻһλɵۣǾ΢
Ҳֻ΢ܽݽȳȶ顣
ʱͻȻ΢Ϣ˶Ǿһ
ȫɾҪһЩϸѯϢ
ԭڲ֮ǰ˵ںˮɽ΢ҴϢĻֻһˡ
ȫɾḻʱʣԼã΢˲࣬ô֪ںˮɽ˾΢
Ϣ˵Уеǲμӹ۽ˡ
ԭˣ
˶ʱȻô˵ϢĿŶȻǺܴģֻǺˮɽǸʲôطΪ΢ȥ
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һǵϲ
Ϊʲô
ȻǺˮɽգһĺõطʮǣŮеʱ޿̶Ѱ΢䡣
һ
˵΢пǶˮɽУԽ룬ԽÿԺܴ
ǲǣǶӦȥˮɽգҲôһξٺɽǽޣǾǳ۷壬֮ǿҲǱͬҪܶ࣬˿ˮɽգ޾ɫ
ȥҪȥģҪı󶯣׼ȻҪξٺɽȺܶ࣬ǰͲ̾ȥˮɽȥѰ΢
£ȫɾȻôһΣϾʮ΢ǺѶôͻȻϢ
ϢȻǶգôŮеˣ᲻ҲѾ֪ˣ
κˮɽȻΪһ֮ء
ͬξٺɽ˵ȥһҪȥģ΢Ҳ֮⣬һ֪΢ȻǵŶɵת
Ŷ˭ȫɾ˭֪ҲǵϾĵ֮һȻԼһɾ˺ܶ࣬ȴ׿ԽǾŶԴŶɷͨʱȫɾ̾硣
΢ôʱ˽紳ãҲ֡
֪Ŷɾ΢֮ȫɾ뵽һ££ֻ֪Ͼʱһ¡
£ȫɾ¡
ֻǵȻѾˣҲϾ˵Ǿ仰ʵĺ壬Ͼ˵Уǽѣ֣Ǽͬţһطɡ
£ֻȫɾ֪Ͼ֣þŻ
룬ʱȻǸոպá
²һ֣Ͼһ˽磬Ѿߵһɾ˿ȫʧԱһҪǵģ̫Ѿ䣬ĸǱҹɽʣµģԼ;Ŷɡ
ҲΪϾһʾȫɾҪȥһ󼧡
Ϊ֪УϾӣȻѾϲ˽磬ڤڤ춨顣
ȻʱȲôȥˮɽҲãҵŶɣҲŪϾǾ仰˼
ϾȫɾϾʵϲģǾŶСʦܡ
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ȫɾҲ½֮ˣȻðôգ϶Ŀġ


һǧʮ ǰˮɽ
΢²⣬ȫɾҹɽðȥ󼧣ȻĿģȻˣҲôá
΢ڤ˼ʱΪ˷ߵ飬ҹɽҲսš
ˣ档棬ħ˽С˵
ںħĸҹɽֵĴȣȻ֮󣬵֮غԼԷŲһû
⣬л׹΢Ը
֮û˵ʲô΢ҲרԻħ٣𣬵Ȼ·ǵҳһеΣҲֻлħˡ
ܿ죬ۡ
΢ȻǵΪǿƵģҲ̫еʱ򻹵飬ǻкԼ˼ħֺͶԷһ·΢Ҫ»δá
˿̣ħǱնһۣΪ˲٣˿⣬һһ˿ġ
ϾǴԼˣ׷϶ԼҪù
鲻Խ£Ϳ£ֻлܰԼ
ʱ΢һ¹ı飬Ȼɨһۣ£֮ѾѰҹɽûκη֣ˡ
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ʱħȿˣ֪ǴħõĻᣬħǻˣԿǾǶ֡
֣Ӧõġ
Ҿˣһס˷Ҷһ㱻ļһôƤӵߵģͰɣħ˵
ҡħ治֪ôͣǴܵģûҶԷȷǿҪԼ⿪ģҲԼҽζԷģ˵治֪ô͡
Ǳ߻һҽ飬ȴ۾ţ£˼ȥ֪Ǳˡ
ֻǶԷӦֻҪΪһ»ħȴû뵽ħ˵ĲãȻ˸ˣô˵Ƕûġ
֮Ҳûбֻ̬ҪץߵˣֻҪ£ħĹͿڹȥ
ʱ֮ץߵˣѾõϢ˺ܿܺ΢Ǵһģ˾˵ںˮɽ΢ץס΢˽ԲΪ塣
ϢһǴһ
΢˭ʮ׷ͷŴ°߹֮Ҫץס߻ɱ֮ˡ
ȻԾĻ΢
Ȼ֪Լǵ׷ͷˣֻǵԴҲ뵽׷΢ڵ
һΣȻִԳ˼ԼûںˮɽʣһϢ
ԼûȥˮɽȻ΢Ҳ֪ˮɽǸʲôطǾԵΣ֮أ쳣Ҳһرܻĺõط˵˽вٴ֮ͽбһЩͨҪǲںˮɽС
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΢һۻԷһתĵǲԼǵͨͷˣһȻἯǰȥַ
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Ȼ֪΢ڣǾ֮Ȼǰȥץɡ΢νȫɾӳȥˣɵڡ
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˭Ϣģ΢ҲʲôĿġ
֪֮º󣬹Ȼǲ΢λǰˮɽҲ΢֮⣬ֻΣҲһ֪֮ͬµӳ̶ȡ
ˣǵ˺ˮɽѾһ֮
˿̺ˮɽ⣬ˮɽȴǷ·ƾջһһˮɽ磬죬ľ·һƬڰ֮أ¶Ҳƾս͡
ȫɾڣξٺɽ˴˿վںˮɽ߽磬һƬ޴ޱȣĺˮɽ磬¶֮ɫ
µǽȾ˺ɫ
λɽԵޱȣ£룬Ϣ֮ͨ壬ϣ֮廤壬ɲ塣ȫɾһƬɽ֣˵
˵ͷ棬Ҳֻȫɾξٺɽڶֻǳ۷壬ҪˮɽȻո
ִҪȫɾҲûֻҪɽСһЩӦÿȫˡ


һǧʮһ ˮ
ȫɾֻôˣΪˮɽͬ𴦣ＫΪգҲǱ·³⡣
һ·ȫɾڣξٺɽˡ
УȻȫɾΪߣΪ΢͵͵ڵҩΪѾǿָ۷塣
Ȼ۷Ǵۿ۵ģһҪǿȴ۷ҪһЩϾǻָΪҲҪһʱȹ̵ģ飬û붼롣
ȫɾΪںǼһ˺ˮɽֻҪСһЩӦް
˺ܿˮɽ
ɽ֮Ϣ֮ҲСĽ
λСģˮɽڶ࣬вɴ⡣ȫɾһ䣬˵ҲʮСġ
һ·ǰУһЩޣӦȫɾϢ󲿷ֶԾߣϾ۷嶼ǴһΪ󲿷޶ǡ
Ҳ⡣
һЩ޲ҶԸȫɾȴǸȥԸˣڻξٺɽǳ۷ˣͳǵĿꡣ
·һƬ֮ʱͻȻںξٺɽˣ˲ʱܲںξٺɽҲǵ֮һ̧һţһϹ⣬ǻһϻ룬һξٺɽҲǱ󳤽֮˲佣ɨֱӽʮֻնɱһա
Сġʱȫɾһһ̣ǽ¾ȻðһѪڣ˺ҧȥϸһȻһͷ峤ʮɵľ㣬֮ǰУһ鸯ľͷһͻȻϮ֮£⧲
֮⣬ƵȻкܶ࣬ΧԭΪĿľȻȫˡ
Ӧ죬һƴ̩ɽѹһ㣬ֱӽľĳ⽴
㣬ȫɾҲʩչֶȫɱ
˴ʵȻѾǳ۷޼ֻǼǰһ¾ˡڴ˿̾̾һ֮ԿԴӶӳȴΪ֮ŲƶݵʱݱԵ˦ݣȻʮʱŽΪ
֮ǰģˮɽͲԶˡ
ˮɽеͬѰһǱ֮ԲɼһЩϡȫɾһ䣬ʵϲѣںξٺɽѾʼƤݡ
֮⣬Уҩģһŵݣ޼֮ˮɽУȴضУϡ档
˼ǵĿĵǺˮɽһ˷С
ķзͬѰۼǶˣĺ˸֣󲿷ֶǶ뵽ˮɽˣΪˮɽеѾв٣𽥾γַС
Ҫ̽Ϣ˵Ψһܴ̽ϢģǺˮС
ˮɽ޷УڿնضʮɣͻᱻˮУ˵ǵһλ쾳ʱµ䣬ƣܽ⡣
ǰУһ·졣
֮󣬿˵ŵˮС
ˮмΪأ޽ںˮ֮£רŵıˮƣȥϾˮлĶǸͨҪȻǱ˭Сġ
ںˮӱͣһҪˮУȡñˮơ
ȫɾ֮󣬷ѾʮˣһϢ֮
ȫɾΪѹ壬۷Ϣ΢ųһ㣬ǽЩɷһ˶סҿ
λǰҪȥˮУһ߳һɣִŴĳź߹⺺ӻϢȻڵΪ
ȫɾǰ
ɷи㣡ȫɾΪߣ潻档
ǳźӼæ˵˵ˮйأȥĶǱ֮ˣ֪λǰʲôҵĴ£ֱ׷ɱ
ȷǺˮеĹء
ˮеģ֮ҲִµĶˣɱ˴֮飬һǱƣ֮⣬ˮС
֮ǰȫɾȻѾˣֱۣնġ
һ仰Ѿ㹻ˡ
ˮɽϢͨǰӣҹɽȻҲǣǳźȻ𾴣´ȫɾһۣæԭ롣
һҹɽĺúҲи㡣ȫɾ˵һ䣬Ǻ룬˵ͷĸˮơ
˱ˮƣȻ˳ˮµĺˮС


һǧʮ һ
ˮ޽ں£ǶĳеֵһСǣȴˮлڣ治ܺˮʴһ硣
֮⣬ˮеǺ˷޼
о¥վȻҩ鱨
ȫɾˮв򵥣Щ˵ҲξٺɽʱСһ䡣
Ȼ⣬ںҲŪףԶǲ
ȫɾǵˮе˾˵һһȺˣԳƺˮˣǸˣҪôһЩŭԹĴ֮£Щ˲򵥣һҵΪ޼ΪƶƳе˾ŵֻ֣ҪǺ˾ŵԵ飬ǶȥֻҪǺ˾ŵԵˣǶյȫա
Ȼ飬ôĿŵĺ˾ŵԣ˾ŵǶһ֮һͿԽˮɽɣԾ
ȫɾҡͷˮɽͺˮҲˣˮɽ֮ԻΪغ׵أΪϹʱһλ쾳ˣλ󣬺ˮɽµعһĸ֣޷̤벽޷ˮɽģΪߵľ۷壬۷ˣˮ˸¡
ԭˣ˻Ȼ˵ĵƣˮȻѾΪ˾ŵ֮ʮ
ǰȷû˵
˵΢ɵۻпܶ֪ˮ˵֮ж뷨
ȷǱʥأֲüգɵסô
ȻˣǾͿһ΢ϢȫɾҲ˵˵Ŀġ
룬˾ͷжһЧʡ
ͬʱˮһ֮ϣһִۣһ˶塣
˷ųаս΢˿ʵ˵꣬һӡ
ˣоųɰգֻҪ΢ϢȻ汻֮ΪЦҲһӡ
΢ڴˣϳǵ
˭뵽ȻҲǵ˽磬һ˺ˮˣֻΪҲֻǳڶѡ
ϸԿһģˣұ۶ʧȥˣϸһ˰̣ޱȡ
˵΢ϲܣȻڶ̶̼ʱһˣڣΪǧŵһˣľ۽ĵһţܽ΢ãǴϻȡܣ˵㲻˵ڻľ֮ת󷨣ľ壬ʱһɣһҲһս֮ˡЦ˵
ҲŪôһƣ΢ն֮ɵۣж˽磬ҲȻһ̽ȫץʱҪЮ΢˵
ҡҡͷҿֻЩˣ΢ЩˣӦҲɣ˵ĿɶǶ֮Ůе֮£ǺˮˣҲЩΧ֮ڣ
޷ˣ룬Ǻˮ֮ǽأأһ֮Ҳ޷̤˵أ֮£٣˿׽ǶɱȻǺˮƶôãҲչ¶âˡг˵
˳Ƭ̣ͷ˵ĲҿصľʦˮЩķչҲãΣҾԡ
ҲǵͷȻ󹧾Ѿ۷壬쾳Ҳֻһ˷иǰ˾ն֮һֻҪߵһһС˱̤죬ɾλ
Ըˣһӡ
ںˮд̽΢Ϣڵ˸֪Ѿ˶ϣʱ֮󣬼ԼõĵطϣȴǷûл
ȫɾһ֪⡣
ԣȳȥȫɾ̳ںξٺɽ˵ֻ˵꣬ͷΧ˲źˮ۵ˣ̾ףǱˣ˼Ҳúõһ֡
ںξٺɽȻҲӦʱܣȻˡ
ȫɵǿںξٺɽȴΪֻ̫࣬Ƭ̾ͱƷסһֻʣȫɾ


һǧʮ ΢֮
Ѿˡˮ˼˽һŲ˵
ںˮˣӪʮ꣬λֻںˮ֮£Ǻˮľʦ֮ǰˮ޷һͳˮɽʱ򣬺ˮɽеɲֻǺˮˣԴˣüıȻǰˮ˳ΪˮɽҲΨһ
ΪˣˮŶޱȣΪֻͨǳڣĵλȴܼ
չֳĪĲֶֺ֮󣬺ˮеˣλʦҲǾηмӣһ˿ʧ
˿̣Уֳһ飬Աߵһ㣬һһоյơ
˴۲飬ڷԸ
һмˮѺһŮ˽Ů˱ˮţȻŭĿӣ޷ѿ
Ů˵һ㶡
Ů˲Ǳˣʧֱܵ
벻Ȼץһ֮ЦȻڵΪҪֻ̫࣬Ƕ˼棬Ҫɱֱ練ơ
ȻܣΧĺˮˣ磬⻹㣬ϵĺˮͲѿġ
úˮеɣ˵ֻڣ۷˱סҲǲѡ
ܷġ
ȥҪ˵Ըһˮǹ¡
Ǽģڶ⣬΢΢˶ߣӴѶ
˭뵽Ȼ˽磬ˮɽֻҲóƺˣΪںξٺɽ硣
ǳڣΪҲֻǱ쾳΢ǿһѡ
ҲǴ֮ϸһ룬֪֮ǰϢųġ
Ɒ֮ͽǹϢͶһ䣬ûһøС
ȴҡͷ˵ˣ֣΢Լڽ΢չ֮ǰû뵽ģҲջֻҪϢȥ΢ǲ⣬Ҳˡ
һʧɫû뵽ԼϳΪֻϵĺˮ޷ƿˮϺˣȻѹԼ֮
״Цֹ
֪㣬΢֮ã֪֪约жңʱŷ֣ұۿտҲ
ƺҵһ˵ĶԹԵ˵ԴӰܸ΢֮Ϊ˱֮࣬Գܣ˶ұۣòΪֻܴﵽǳڣЩ约ģ˵Ӧôĥ㣬ͷһڶ
ƺǻʲôҹȥϴſ־壬ֻ˲ţͼƺҪҳԷϵľ֡
ֻʧǣûκα顣
ҼȱץסûţеҾһҪôɴ˽ɱ޾ɫ˵
һЦСѾͷȤе˼ֻ㻹֪ǳڵΪˮ˳ΪΪƾʲô
ţҸ㣬ƾҵͷԺıԣƾҵΪһ˼סңɱףˣͺ޼ֵţֵŴ󡣶ˣǰΪϻܹңڵ֮Ϊп϶Ѱ·Ҳֻ֣֮ܽˮˣĵɱ΢´ࡣ
޲ýǧУ֪ʱǲ˵
Ҫ˵ʱ˵ŮԼݵ֮⣬еλҲˣͬ͡
ˣҲãǺ΢гԹģúˣ͵ҲѲںˮ˵ĵһгģ
һУ֮ڡ
ˮɽʺӵĵط΢Ͳ΢΢ǰЩҲӦץüʱԴ󷽷ˣˮɽ壬㿴΢ǲ˿Ծ
ɱ΢Ҫܡ
֮ΪеȨһָоǾ΢ѾˮɽˣҪȥ΢Щˣֻܽ󻯣ֻҪƳ΢Ϳ临
ȽѺȥסϼӿܣûҵκ˶׼ӽ´Ȼȥ˺ˮ˵ãȥ͡


һǧʮ һ
͵λȻǹͣǺˮռݺˮɽҲҵжԴ
ˮɽȻ쾳ֲ̤֮أĵĳλ֮ⱲӾֻܵͷڹˣҲûбҪ٣ˮԼ֮ǰ϶׵ĵĳλ֮
Զ͵Ŀˣӡ
ʹˮɽϣˮǿͣԺˮλλ͵֮µˣֻվš
΢˿ڿλͻһˮ̸
΢ΪҲѾ·ϴ۷壬ȻҪһ磬ˮһ
ȻΪ
ȻвҲҵ΢а壬˭֪ڵ֮չسڵµģλ
ηҼǵһǰ㻹ֻڣû뵽һѾ۷ˣ˵ٹ꣬ͻеڶλ쾳֣ĽЦ˵
⻰лʵȴЦ΢ᣬǳ
ˣûаæ˼飬ּɵġͬϵĺˮҲˣȻûҪæ˼
Ҳ뿴½ĵʲô֮
΢Ҳ˿ӦּȴǱֵķǳֱӣѹûʲô͵ʲô棬ûκμɵ
΢Ҫɵ
Ҫݶ˵ֻʱģ磬Ҫ΢Ը¸鷳ǿС
˵΢վŵ˭
ǵ֮쾳֣һ΢Ҫβˣ
Ҫǣ΢˳ۣǴ˿վŮǾ͸˳ˡ
˲ʱ䣬΢ӿȴһӣֱվ
޴ðɱӶڳڶ˶ɵλŭʲôû뵽޳۷壬û뵽Ʋңֻ˵Ʋǵ
˵˼ҪȻҲһô˵ֻ̫߹ԼҲ̫͹΢ˡ
ΪԷ֪ڴڿ࣬˼棬Ҳ˺ϾΪһС²ֵϣȴû뵽һ涼һҲ쭡
Ǳָűʹ֪ܺõˣ
ûʲôӦŮȱˣҲǲˣұͶԵ½ĵܲΪȻνһʼΪһֻڣ˭˭
۷壬ΪԼĸ֣϶ȣһ꣬˵Լ԰ѶԷˡ
ΪˣҶԼ񣬵ʲôոս۷壬ȻҲҶҸûǾƲ㣬ƲǵΣ
һüͷһ塣
ԼŮ̫ڿˣƲҲˣ˵Ǿ䣬ԼƲ
ǵ֮˵Ѿ۷壬ֻһĴڣƲ񲻾Ʋ˼Ǹ֮⻰ɲ˵
Ů˵ʲôءѵһ䣬ȻֲӵľٶǲҲ뽫Ū
΢ʱһ˵Ů޷һȻˣҿԺɵҪúԼǧ𣬲ȻǸ㴳˴Ҳƺġ
䣬ǳĳˣŭޱȣֻٶ˵ֻһ΢ֻǽŮл
ôһ͵Ҳǽӣ΢ôɲǺûĿģкȷĿġ
Է϶ҲΪǸϢˣ΢ųϢ˾Ϊ˹Ϣһ
΢оĻ֮Ҫ赶ɱˣ΢ȽпֵܽĵŪˮݡ֮⣬Ҳһ»ߴʼնûпڣҪԼЦ΢֪һȥǾ͵ˣֹؼʱ̲Լ֮Ǳߣͻʧ֣£΢һʯһá
ʱʦˣԷһ߽˲䣬΢ͫһ
ȷû뵽
һ룬΢ˡ
ϢųȥģֻǶԷƾǴҲ벻΢


һǧʮ ΢Ĵ㣨һ
΢ʱɨһȻһۿԷΪ֮⣬һѾǧٿףҪ˶þͻӡ
ˣҲҪЩıơ
΢˽Ͼ˵ҲԼӣΪĿĲ֣ر
ϴ˿΢֪ҪΪһû뵽ʮȥˣȻˮɽˡ
ҿӣںˮеĵλ͡
΢û˵ȴƵ߽ΪһĿȻټһֱۣ˵Ϳһۡ
Ҫ֪˾磬ϱ۸ʲôҪϿ෽⡣
ˮʱˣλҸҽһ£λҺˮ˵ľʦ
̬ݵļͣ
Сλ˴ޡ
̬ȻкôģٲὫԼŵЩ˵Ķ档
ʱѾЩᷳ˰֣ѹǳźˮл˵Ϊһˣ˵˾ͶںˮɽȻˮĵͷߣֻҪˡ
⻰˼ˣˮ˼Ȼôе˶Ӧùˮ˹Ͻأˮ˲֪ܲ
ˮֻЦûʱǰҵˣǽ΢
ˣʮǰɱҷ׷ĺǣҲҪ΢ʬΡŮʱŭ˵òªôһǳϼӳֱӡ
ƫƫ⣬ǵͷ빫⣬˵ʵ΢ҲвĴҶԴˣҲǺ֮ǡ
ò˵ڲżãһＫɿԣţͽȥ΢Ĺһһ
΢һ֪ҪԼԼϹϵ赶赶Ҫ͵ѵ
ֻǾǲҪԸԼ˵ĿģǾͲˡ
΢ֻҪô򵥣ľȣıȫɵ֮µڶˣںˮˣӣλҲֻǱȺˮҪһѡ
ŮһԣɫҲı㣬ɫ˵ʲô
ɺ΢ңѾǷһĵ֣˵΢ʮǰѾڣֱͨ󣬵ܲҲ¼ıųҥԣ˵΢ںˮɽĿľҪ˿̾ȻǽıһǴһ
ʲôô˵΢ڴˣŮɫһ䣬Ȼܲ⣬Щջ
Ҳ۾һɣǱߵͬЦһЦеĲֱš
ֻ΢λɭɭһЦʵųҥԣ΢δػңƾʲô˵ĲãҪ
ҸŪ΢Ǻģսթ¾һܳ
˿ŭҲûоɫ˿̳΢λӦþǵѾãһȻͬ죬ʵĺãûΪ΢΢˱Ȼ֪ҥԣ˽΢ҥԣҲһ̽˵Щ֪ٵˣ΢ĵˣλѣʣᣬһ򾡣ȫץ΢벻Ҳˡ
Ǳ˿ҲЦıƵǲҿ㲻Ҫץס΢ͬѣҲ赶ɱ˰ɣ
ȻҲ׸Ѿǿͼ
Ҳ죬Ȼǵͷϡ
Ӣҵȷн赶ɱ˵뷨Ƕ˵λ΢ҲڱصãȻˣͲн赶ɱˣȡ裬Ը΢һЩǲеģ룬ǵĿĶһҪ΢
ֱⷬҪ㣬Լڽ赶ɱˡ
ⷴһ˿֮⣬ֵĻ̹ϣͬ˵΢ȷǹͬĵˡ
Ǳ΢ȴһ£ȷգ˾ٲԼĵˣԼѡ
ֻ˽磬Լʲôѣ
뵽΢֪Ҫ̽һ£ҲҿԼݳ֣ƶ֪
£΢ʵƨҸû˵΢ʲôѣ㲻ڿǰɣ
Ȼû˵ȻϣҲܹһ֮ԡ
ΪһжƵУȻǹһЦ֪Ĺǣ»ڱܽ׶ΣȻҾ˵ˣβ΢ѣǻץһؼ


һǧʮ ΢Ĵ㣨
ʲôؼҲǿʵ
΢ãڲ֮ǰץסλ룬΢΢Ͷ𣿡һЦ
⻰΢ͫһͷ

ô£ôᱻץסڶ
ò˵һ΢ȷЩֲܿңҲҿԼһʱ֪£ǣ붼֪Լж౻
֪ڵԼôܲ
һȻԷƵУô֣۷ΪҲǱɡ
հ
΢Ҳڿ£ŲסŮһץס΢ãĶҪܡ
ȻŮĻѾʮꡣ˿΢Ȼãһץסˣ̲סҪ
ɱҷҾĥãǺˮ̽˽Ůһˣ˿һȻסˡ
ǱҲûֹ˵ʵϲóƵˣϣȨԼ
Ҫ΢Ҳƿʡ
Ƭ֮ǰ΢˼ıץԼΣƾ֣Ͼ΢ݳ֣ʲôʲôˮ£µһĸ֡
˵֮ͲöԷԼκ⣬ǳأԬ̿տ˵죬;ԲһΪС
˵֮΢֪ģԷѾ۷壬ԼǿҲ֡
΢ڵʮ꣬ױ˴˵Ĳ࣬ʮ꣬΢ȫʦѾһ˼ĳ̶ȣɼˣ΢Ҳ֪Ը쾳ɺʤ㡣
£ŮȴǸ΢һᡣ
΢İŭʣҲӦýǵգ˵ǲǣ
΢ͷһʣ΢ͣҲֻܷϵ΢ǵͨҪȻҲӦùǵƿء
üͷһ壬Ҳû뵽ôһ˵΢Ѿǿڵϻͱ˵ˣ̽ǵܣУŲ˵ץ΢þץ΢ã˭֪٣
ŮȻԵԵоʮֲ˵Ҳе
Ƚ˴Ǽ١Ҳ˵
Ȼɫѿ֮ǰһЩ룬ӦƿһУǱǣűߡ
һۺˮҲھͺǵ˵ͷ
֪ôˣʱΪһж֮ڣȻԷҪǿ
ǽ˷ԸȥƬ̣ͼˮ˵Ѻ
΢ֻǿһۣȷ
㣬ʮûˣҲǱǰ˺ܶ࣬ΪȻҲڣóʮҲϣ򲻿ô졣
֪΢֪ԼҪ֣Բ䵽
˿΢ڷɿƣβܽߡ
ֱӶ֣΢ǿģڳ֮˭סԼ֮ƺ
΢ҲǸոս۷壬쾳ıߣʱ¶ݣǺ졣
ȣĪۿ裿
΢ã㵱Ϊƭ΢ʱֻܻϾ˭֪ԼãֻҪƷͻð졣
ȷץһŮ˾˵΢ãҲпܵģΪˣʱҲûб̬Ҳ뿴ô˵
г񣺡λȷ΢֮ãڶۼģ΢ͬҲһʱ΢ȻֻҪ֣΢ʮþˡ
Ůʱ߹ȥһȻͻȻȡһѷĶ̵Ҫն˫ȡ
Ȼ񶾵Ů˴ն˫йߡ
ֻĵڰоͱ£ֵȻ΢ŮԼƤӵ½նϡ
ʲôǲ΢ãûϵɣնҲˡŮԼȻʮֵĲ
΢ЦһŮǲˣΪ֮˶øӣ֣㣬ﲻҰĵطŮ΢֮ãüֵ̫ˣ
˵꣬˦־ͽŮ˻ȥ
΢εΪʮǰոսڣҪԸŮҲ׾٣˵ڣҪɱŮòһУֻɱŮֻǽɨ˻ȥ


һǧʮ ƻб
΢ԭļƻҪʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮʱȹ۷ΪȻѰͻĻᡣ
ֻҪͻһ΢˽΢ݣغԴ㹻㹻΢ã˵еָ֮㣬Ȼ΢Ѿо֮µĵͻ죬۷ΣԷİǺܴġ
ڣ΢֪ƻʵʩˡ
мƻбڣˡ
Ȼ˵ҲˣԼѣյ£κһ΢ǳ¡
ο΢֪ԼӳŮն˫һѾ˱˵Ļɡ
ǶɵӣܳΪߣˮ˾£ô׺Ūġ
΢ô档
սթǾޱȣԼһ΢֪ļƻҪˡ
ʱͻʲôɣҲԲ˵ʲô΢֪Լʱ䣬ʱж٣
ŮȻִҪ֣ζ΢£ǱǽŮ˻ȥ
Ů˵ҲеǼ٣ʱ˶ȵȵȣº٣˿˳ۣɱ˾ǣŮ⡣Ц˵ﵱƫ̻ŮôһףҲ޹ֺŮ᲻Ըˡ
ǲ춯飬˭Ҳ֪ôģһЦݣҲо
ˣʾͽҵɡ΢ȻѾˣͲ£ƻҲͱˣ΢һ·Ĵȫռƻµġ
㵶ɽ𺣣ȴ˵
ǽǿƺͰԵӵף˿̾ȻֱҪˡ
ǺǣҪˣȻǿԵģҽ黹Ƚ˹Ǻˮ˵ηȻʲôʱҪˣ˵һУұȻЦ˵ҲڿûֱӾܾΪãô̽һͼ
΢֪Ϊ΢ɲðգҡͷУ˷ұҪԿܡ
ǡҲãȻ֣ȻΥӦˣΪ棬Ҫʲô
Ҫʲôȵ΢ԼŮ뿪֮󣬺ˮųʵ
ȻҲˡ
ڳ˼˿Ҳǵͷˣ㣬Ҳףҿһ㣬ǿƣܰԵһ⡣
ʲô⣬ǵеĵһλ磬˵ֻ֮һԵϣֻôȫûнǺˮ˷ﰡˮɫܲÿ̫ԵȻǿӲĽץ˴ߣһ㶼ûиˮӡ
Ȼô٣ô򵥵Ŀ⡣
Ҿûô򵥣κ⣬Ҫ˼ǣӸǶǣ˵Ȼûʱ򣬵ȷӦöʶ֣ǶҲпڱʡ˵ͣһ£ˮҲһ㶣ϸһ룬˵ĵȷܡ
ȻһֿܣҪȨԼһץסնɱ΢׹Ҫڵ֮Ǳ߱ɡ˵
˵ĶеˮͷڶԽϣʲϾˮѾЩͷˣǰǱˮɽѹţֻ˺ˮˣŸĹۡ
ΪϣˮǸеĸ֣ۼۺϣͲ̫Զ
ˣҾõǲҪ̫⣬ڱ֮⣬ĿԶǵļƻûӰ죬ǲҪǵĿֻһǾ΢Ҫڣڡһº˵÷÷Сʻ괬Сһûл˽λٻأ⣬ǺˮҪ֤ǿĴڡ
ģҾͰ˼ȥ졣ˮʮεġ
ͬʱһӣŮҲ̸
ףǸ̫ɶˣֹұҪʲôҿ΢ͬŮ˿ŭδĹĵ˵
˵ȴ֪ʵϲ˵ˡ
۰ŮԴȻŮɲ˵򵥣ǵ֮նĵô΢ͬıֵȷЩ֡


һǧʮ ΢
˭˵ǣֻҪնǸŮȣŮˣƾʲôãҿһйŮһ
ˣһС飬ûбҪŪΪܲͻˣĿġ˵
ŮȻ֪ˮɽһܣ˴һλϹʱڵ쾳֣һ棬̷λ쾳֣֪λֵһЩϸϴµĻ˵λ쾳һͼ˵ôͼ졣Ů͸һ˿
ֻһ֪һֻ֪ô̽飬Ѿ֪λ쾳֮һͼ϶ҲڣֻҪܵõͼҾаͻƵ쾳磬ʱһٿɫҲ͸˷ܡ
ĸ֣лΪ쾳ֵջҲơ
ŮȻҲϣĸ׳Ϊ쾳ˣ֮ǶԲ
ˮɽǺˮ˵ĵ̣Һˮ˵иƣǣûɾʹܻ©ý΢̽Ĺڣ֣֣ǵĿͼЦ˵
ˮ˰ŵĿڣ΢űˮŵ֪ͷֻǱĿһԡ
΢ʱѾ˶ᣬ¶ǵȥˣΪ΢ܷˣһǿƻţô죿ѵҲҪǿƻţ
ϾУʣµһŮҪɱԼţ
Щ£ϡ
κĻ˭΢֮󣬿ѯʡ
ɱĿͷ
΢ЦԼӣȷǿκε΢ӰӣԼ˵Ҳš
˵˵
ң΢΢ڿ˵һΣһ۾΢
оȣƬ̺ȴҪɱҪ㣬֪κ顣
Ȼǲš
΢ҲûӽְָԭģҲʱֻ֤
ҲǽСֻ֪һһĵһʼţܿ죬ϾͱļΪʣֱһ𾪡
㡭ô֪Щ顣̲סʣһЩ飬ȷֻ΢֪顣
΢һЦ˵ˣ΢
ĬãͻȻ̧ͷʵҶ۸ңң£㻹ǲǵã
΢һЦĶӣҾһ磬ҵʱ۸Ĳ㣬ңҾҵ㣬ʱ书Ժ󣬴û˸ˡ
˵꣬΢̾˿Ҳ˫ûлɣ۾ˮ
΢̧һץͽϵĺˮ飬ЩѵסˣȴѲס΢֮ǰ⿪Ҳʲô嶯顣
˿̣ǲҪˡ
ү㣡ȻѾţ̲סʵ
˵ˣҪүʮ꣬ټ΢ȻҲǸдΪһѺˡ
үôӣһۣ΢ڵģֱɲ棬϶ǲ֪˶ٿࡣ
һѾ΢򵥽ԼľȻˣҲĿɿڴΪԼľ͹ˣȴû뵽΢ĸ档
ԣǵ΢˵֮ŵͷүȻүЩ㣬֮˭뵽Ƥӵ£һջɳ²֣
ˣ˵˵Լɡ΢һ䡣
Ҳľһ飬΢֪ǵݳ˽ʱԵɺӳģҲһɳһЩɹҲһ˳оںξٺɽ
ģ΢ʱʵ
ҡͷֻǸ΢һˮеġ
΢ˣԺˮƿĽƻںξٺɽǲ⣬Ѿ䵽˺ˮ˵
ʱ΢Ҳ֪ȫɾȻҲǺһġ
үǸô죿ɳǱҲֻǿά֣Ҫλɵۻȥִ֡ʱ˵
΢ֻ飬żҲûá
ɳʱڵ֮Ǳ֤ںͺɽǵİȫУҶ˽⣬˴Ū£ӦûĿġ˵΢ͻȻֹһƣ˵飡


һǧʮ 
ҪЩ񣬵΢
鿴Զ»һЩֻĴ㣬֮ǰ΢ļƻݳ޳죬Ҫʮϰʱ䣬ҲΪ΢ֻǹһˣڣһˡ
ѶڣǰļƻвͨҪǾͱȻ©䱻˴䲻⣬ԼΪǿ
ͷһٲġ
үҪҪʱʵ΢ҡͷҪ
ʱ򣬻ѾԽ
ʱգҲڷԼ֪Ҫ˶ãҲܽ۷壬ʱΪϣͿԺƽƽ
Ի
ҪΪҪǸʣڻûбҪŮʲôˣ˵ȣǰ֫Ҳû¡
ΪһС¾ͺìܣԲֵá
Ϊ£Ҫһ£вԷöԷòó㹻档
ȻǴŵŭġ
ֻһӣסˡ
϶ΪʣڣϵļѾȥվЩˡ
⡭ʵ΢һ֣ȵ֪ʲô
źɣ΢ҪԷ˵ʲôѾ⣬۶Է˵ʲôԽڵ֮һ״Ҳһˡ
ʣΪҪϵļȥ԰ɣ΢Цһ㶣漴ӦǸŮʡ
⣬ϹأʣҲҪ
˵꣬΢͵ȻҪⲻص㣬һ仰ҪʻؿǣȻشҡ
Ҫʲôڸоܹ죬ӿһ˿Ծ
΢Цݲ䣬Żһ̣Էκ춯΢ԵһʱӦ
˵ʵڵĻ΢Ҫɱ練ơ
΢ʵ۷徳統УѾǶڣһֱûչ¶ԻΪ΢Ĳಢ
ʲô֪ԣ˵ͬʱҪˣֻһ̣ͻȻԼá
ٿԼ£֪ʲôʱѾһԲмдһ֡
ˣһΧӰ任ȻԼվһʯϣΧޱ߼ʵĴ󺣣ӿˮˡ
µľˮϾĶǵĻ֮ڶл֣һֵķ֣Χˮͨˮרɱ˵ġˮ
ˮ֡
ǵ˶֪飬ŵ亹ֱҶ
ڵȷǻˣֻ֪벻ףҪʲôԷҪɱԼȥԺô֮
һ̣иֳһӰ΢
ƯУϴŹ棬ͷŻ·ڿһϡ
ˣ֪֪Լʲôһ˴£ҲǸ֮ʹԽȨ£ѵ֮ʱֻ˵ãΧˮ˼ϣô˵ѾӲͷƤˡ
΢˵ϻʵһΣ
ˣҪŻҪѵ֮˴
֪֮ˡ
뵽Ǵ˸£֪֮ԼҲˣ̫ǿˣԭһλԼڿֱһһأҪ֪۷ĸҲԸڵ̫ࡣ
ҪɱԼ練ơ
һˣ˵ǵͼ˵УһȻڵ֮صʱҲῼԼ·
ҪŻԼŸɣɣѡ񳼷һ
ȻʵϾֻһ·ߡ
Ǿǳ
ò˵⼸ദ΢ͽԸŪϤˣ˵ֻҪƣȻ᳼
Ȼֳȹ̣޷΢зöԷҷѣ΢֮ʣΪϾҪͻƵ۷壬úˣûܴ󡣶΢Ҫʱ䣬õ֮⣬շõѡ
Ƭ֮󣬻Ҳ֪ڵȻҪʲôֻ
ҳʲôġ

΢˵һһ̣΢һһ֧ʣһȻջһ


һǧʮ ǿƵ
ʻߣ⻭һ΢ֳ֮һ˿֮ǸҷѣһٵһҲɣ𣿡
о֣Ҳûӣֻܰ΢˵֮ű΢ͼ硣
΢ʮʱʦģԬ̿յһЩʾԴԼͼ硣
ͼ磬׸ǻ߾磬ȻһʼԽԷͼ磬΢һҲʲô˶ԶԸ֮ģ΢Ҫʩչ׾٣ͬһʱ̣ܿƵֻһ
ȻЩ׶΢¶ڻУԼǿƥеĴڣҲΪˣŻô
һֻǷɲ֮䣬ͼ֮󣬻Ѿǹվܴ֪ȻһЩޱȣҲʵĲʣ˾
ˣȥҴһ£ˮ˻ץʲôˡ΢˰֣򷢻ȥ֮΢ĻұԼ
ˮɽңΪ֮첻
ǿ˵ľȻ΢ֳȫ
үûһй¶ԵĿɾЩһ֮ˡ֪еϵԵĲѡ
ģҼȻˣͲ£й¶ȥΣǺˮɽһֽģ֮£޵С΢ʮ˵
仰ɲ˵󻰣оԵģʮĿǰЩ۷΢Ѿһ
ʦ΢Ϳնɱ۷塣
ѹͷϣ΢ЩҲҪСĽˡ
Ȼܲ¶Ǿ¶Ͼĸ󼧻ҹɽ΢Ҳııʮ꣬ǰ֣΢Ҳ¡
Чʺܿ죬һʹϢ
ˮ˻ץ⼸ˣˮ˵˷ĺأһϢ̽ˡʱ˵ȻѾλã΢ǰǹ
΢֪ԷδĳûйϵֻҪԼǣƶԷֶΣͲ¶ԷˣС
ãһأ΢һ䣬ҡͷûж
ŮҲûж
ûС
΢ú֣ŮƢԸ񣬲ѵԼ
ģ΢Ͳ²ˣΪԼӦô͵Ŷԡ
ˣţ΢Ҳֱȷǲκβ
ʱһǺɽǱץסˡ
΢˵ͷҲֻֿˣǱȫɾԷӦԼİ»ָΪŶԣҲܣ˵ˮ˵ȷ
ǲǣ˭ץסˣ΢ýŪ
үô죿żˣ΢ôʱѾ£˿Ц֪ôģ
һ㶣˽Щ껹˵
ʢ½ΪףҴǿƣ˵һԵʵ˵
΢ͷ˵ĲʲôҲһʲôˮ˰ˮˣֻҪǶҵġ
˵꣬΢ȥܴȻǾԼ¶Լɵ΢֪΢
ŴŻͼ£ֱڵĸˮ˵
ˮˮ˿ƣȻǵһʱ䴫˺ˮ
ʲôͻȥηϢȻǴһοץõˣһΪ֮⣬ȫ´£Ϣ
ҪʲôȫûнҺˮ˷ˮҲŭˡ
԰֪꣬⵹Ǻ總ͣ˾˵ǵ֮ĳСĻˣײУóжϣ˵ϲŭ޳ײҪƿȨͻǣҿɵȥ˼һ˵
ˮһ㶣ϸһ룬Ҳ˵еϾǵĿĶһµģǾǶԸ΢
˳嶯ǿ˵˿ã֪˺ˮĹ飬᲻嶯֮£ֱɱȥʱͻȻ˵
ˮ㶣µͷƣǺˮôãλȥףǱпɳ֮Ĺ֮ڣֻⱾ𣿡
ûУһԣ˹ȻãҲûʧ


һǧʮһ ˮĹ
ˮںˮɽ̾ôã˵ˮɽǶָƣˮɽʲô츣أҲ֪Ů̸۹ĹᣬʵϺˮ֪ˣֻǸĹᵱ󷨣ƽΧ󷨣ˮ˾ʱ䣬ǲ֪ȥ˸֣Ҫ֪ˮĶ֣ʵһ붼ĹᵱС
ԭͺˮļƻǽֶ΢һԱѩޣˮҲƽ΢ΪİأҪ֪΢Ϊľ۽һΪǧŵһˣò˶
ûʹȻֻΪ΢ͨͷ
԰ˮڵһЩ֣ѾǶ΢ΪֻҪץס΢Ϳ϶Աʳ΢Ϊİء
ˮҪ΢İأΪһЩʵЩ꣬ˮ˴ӺˮĹΧѾȡһЩҪĶ
һЩ֮⣬й棬һżΪĵ幦ľ塣
кˮ԰򼣬ת󷨣ʵҲǴǺˮĹᵱȡģҪľ壬͵ת󷨣աľ֮
ˮУľ֮ȴûС
߹΢Ͼľ֮ۼˮҲԼԲŻȨöԷȫԸԸ΢
ֻҪץס΢ӶԷϳľ֮ʱ޳ľ壬ˮ޷޳쾳磬Ҳк쾳һµʸˡ
ȥĺˮĹΧ󷨣ˮǾһ÷ӡ
ˮĹᵱ֣Ǻˮ̽Ѿǧ꣬Ҳֻ̽ΧңҲûС
ڻ̽·ǾͿԸһӺˮĹᵱлȡһЩö
ȻҪڻҲб£ٶڵΪУˣû͵ñˮĹᵱе󷨺ɱ
۷壬Եڻҵǹʸˡ
ã¾ȥţȻƲǺˮˣ֪֪Ʋˮ˵ĺˮɱ⡣
ͷȥš
ȻֱȥϢٴˣҲԾ
ӴõķӸҲء
ҪԼܡмƻ
ʱ΢ѾǴŻͼ˽бץסںξٺɽ˴ߡ
ηеȻԸ⣬Ķ֣£ˮҲûҪܵ˼Խ˵쳣˳
˳΢ò졣
ϸһ룬֪Է뷨ǲԸԼͻϾηںˮУںˮɽֻҪ˼ҵĵ̣Էʲôʱٹץ˶ǿԵģҽԼǵҲʡˡ
ϧۺˮ˺ǻ㾡Ҳ벻΢֪Ҳô
΢ɽ˾ȳһʼںξٺɽûŪô£ǿ˵ÿһ˶Ǳ廨Ϊ⣬ʵǳ۷Ϊ㲻ҲƲʲô˻
֮ǰ飬ǱΧ֪֮ͻΧԾ;ȫɾԼߣҪǡ
Ͼȫɾ۷壬ʵȫɾ۷Ҫǳ롣
ںξٺɽȫɾ϶ǣûȫɾȴǵͻ
λҲ׹֮һǿ֪˵ǿǵУ֮֮һˣλڣ˭ܾȵ
һ·˼룬ֱӣ潹ȴǲų׵ɵ
ǵһӦҲץˣֻǺܿ췢ֲԣΪûбţʧȥһ
ͷһֻ˽λǹĵ档
ξٺɽڻ࿴һۣ˱˴˵ɻͲ⡣
ֻǵȵǰһ˵ѾĿɿڴ΢µĴ
λ𣿡΢Цˣɽ磬þò
΢Լ˵ģںξٺɽһǰٸнȻó΢ǰЩš
㡭΢ɵۣξٺɽʱ򿪿ڵ
΢һЦɽ磬Ľ⣬ҽء
˵ֳ꣬ڵˣħ˾ݣϴģλᶼ˰ɣ
֮ˣһ˵˲ţǰһֱҪңûҵ΢ɵۡ
Ǿ͵һݣ£ɵۡ


һǧʮ ѹʶ
һɵۣ΢Ҳɫһ
ǹôãֻҪɳڣɳɵۣһӹɡںξٺɽôһݣ΢Ҳ뵽˶ɽˡ
һЩ£΢ûȥʱʵɳɣɻãĸɻãټŮۿɻã
µ뿪ʱ˽԰ɵ۷ġʱ򼤶˵
΢Ļͷһ
Ȼ֮кܶ໰Ҫ˵кܶҪġ
ȵʱȥδʱξٺɽɵۣǺʱȥ
֮˶һȻǶ֪νĻȥָʲô
£Ҳǿ΢
΢ȻҲҪȥֻڻʱԭֻһ˽紳ǣҲ˰֡ҿԸǣѾ۷壬ֻҪ̤һͿԻع鶫ʱɳ֮쳹˽硣
ⷬ΢˵İʮ㣬ġ
ȻѾ˽磬΢ɳɵۣ͵Ϊ鸺ֻɳǿᣬ䣬ܱöƽūۡ
ȷ΢롣
ĿѾǵԼΪҪɳ˽һָͬ˾ŵһ㣬Ȼ˵衣
ںξٺɽһҲǼޱȡ
ɵԣҵ֮ģɵΪɳ𣬵вǲǡ
΢ͷҪ˵ˣʣںξٺɽǾŵùģ£ںξٺɽɲóһǵݻ¶棬ǵΪҲ
Ҫʲô΢м룬һŪͼУǾΪԼģҪڡξٺɽΪҲһ
֮⣬ҵȫɾ
΢²⣬ȫɾԼ
ҹɽʱȫɾ˾ԼκõģʱԷҲӦֻҪԷ֪ԼξٺɽǶ˻ͱȻԼӴ
ͬ΢ϣûȶã˵
ȥһһˣ΢һ۾ͿǰǱıòԷùˣȴ΢
ʣ˾ȫɾ
ʲô˵治˵ĵط΢˵ֱ֮תȥŪþαװȫɾһ㶡
ȷǾ˼ǣҹɽȫɾ֪ǴԼʵȴǾԼֻǶԷΪʲôô֪һΣȻҲ˺ˮɽǿƽںξٺɽߡȫɾȵͬʱЩˡ
Էǵѣ
˵ĵһǵˣɵʱûλ͵͵֣ԼôӳΪָܻ۷塣
˵ѣҲЩԣϾԼ׷ǹʣѹͲʶԷΪʲôҪðŷհԼ
벻ͨǣװ磬αװòǰһ̽̽ľĵϸ
ȫɾԼΪҲָ۷壬ȻģΪڵʱ͸Ҵҹɽ̽һʵȻûʲôҡ
ֻȫɾԣû뵽ԷȻһкԼ
ȫɾԭأ˼Ƭ̣ĵĪǶԷϳԼˣӦãԼαװһǿġ
˼벻ͨԲˣȫɾһɾͬǺˬ죬Ҳֱ뵽Ҳ뿼ôǡ
ֱ˽ȥֻҪȥеɻӦþͿԽ⿪

ӰУӰһԶͻȻ˲ֻǺʮˮ˵׷ɱ
ܿ죬Ѿ˵˱׷ϣһ󼤶
˶֣Ȼǵضɽҡ󣬿֮ڵ΢벻ѡ
ô£΢һĿɿڴǽȫɾ߳ӣһ˿ʵ
Ǻˮ˵׽΢ͬ˿˵
΢һ㶣У
ȫɾ˵εҲͬǰûнˮУҲ˵ֻĸ
ʲô΢ȥǸãһǰԼĹѣҲ뷨Ӿ
һǾȣҲǾȡ
ֻڴ֮ǰȷһ¡
ȥǺˮץˣͽ˴΢ԸһԱߵĻǷ
ûһʹ˵˻
ˮ˵ץľˣ΢ͬ˵
΢ɨһˣѹʶҴ·ҲǶһϵ


һǧʮ ƾͼ
˽磬΢ЧôǰҲܿһЩͨȥۡǿԿȥ顣
˿̣΢һ¹ȥۣǿè塣
˵ʵ΢ȥۺѶһЩʩչϾԷҲڣֻڵʩչ΢ǺѹҲûй˼ɡ
һ̣΢˫ĿתеĳͬӰ󣬱仯ܿ죬Էʵ΢Ѿǿ
ԭˡڿ˹ʱ΢֪Ǵ
Էһ£ѹûŪ΢һ
ԷҪԼˮĹϢ֮óȻǰȥסȻںȡô
뷨ǲļıпܵóѣϾ󣬾ǿƣԵº˼ɡ
ϧǣǲڵģֻ΢һαװѣαȻǻἦɵ
ȻˮĹᣬĹؼ΢ʱˣˮɽ֮Գ֮ΪˮɽΪһλ쾳֣ôǸĹľλ쾳֡
ˮ˴ĹΧԻȡô֪Ĺ֮ڵĺôࡣ
ãȻҪȥҾȥ΢Ѿ˶ᣬңβǵΪĹһõĻᡣ
Ȼ΢ǲŻȥģרװģѯһöԷл¶Ϣ
֮΢ֱӽ˶ˡͼ硯С
ʮʱ䣬ΪԬ̿յĸָ΢ʦѾǽһǰδеľ硣
ϣЩ껭ļͼ硣
Ȼ΢ͼԬ̿յҪһЩСع򶼲ᲢۣҲԬ̿ˡ
ͼ磬΢רͼ磬ҲйŹѺ˶ֵͼ硣
ͼУ޻޲ݣûб߽磬ֻһһ㣬޾ĸ΢һͼУԴڵɽİ˷⣬һ硣
˿϶ǲܷŻȥģκһطգԵͼС
ʵϣͼУ֮ǰѾؽȥһЩеޣ΢оʦ棬һЩ΢Ԭ̿յĵͼл˵ԭƳһЩͼˡ
Ҫһ㣬Ѷȼʮʱ΢ҲֻǻԼƵѡ
ģʧƷеʵ̫ееȻʵǿ𣬵ȴǷޱȣԿơ
ˣֻǹ뵽С
΢ȷҲһʥˣһţˡ
ͼˣΪѾڣʺϲ
΢ȻͼˣûԹͼͼ磬΢ҪԣеһʱǸ˼Ҫ飬΢ֻͣ¡
ȻʦΪ;ϣ΢ܸߣԬ̿ջǲ˲١
ȥţȫɾһ˵˶ɫȻǺˮĹʲôԲ׿Եõġ
ˮռˮɽ֪£ǧϣɵڣֻ̽ĹΧǴһ֪쾳ֵĹͬСɡ
Ҳǣ쾳ѾĿǰ˾дߵһ㣬˷ľһֻڴ˵Уûһ˵
е쾳ִѾǰϣ޷̤ԣĿǰĶ
ȥ쾳ˣҲԲɵ֮
ˮЩͻ𣬺ˮܳΪ۷ĸ֣ⶼڴĹлȡĺô
ȫɾʱҲ֪һֱѰҵ΢Ŷɣֲã֮ǰ뷽跨ľ֮ǰɻҲǳ׽⿪ˡ
£Ŷʲôƻ˵޷ҪʲôҲ֮ܵҲҪ̸ȫɾʱ˵
΢ͷȻĹһᣬǵ罫ƾͼƣȥһ̽ʱλȲͼ֮ڣʱʲô⣬Ҳȫˡ
΢ˣȻȫɾ֮⣬ˣڻξٺɽֻܰԼʲôæֻǶͼԼȥ
ĹеΣ΢ԼֻҪСĽͿԻΣΪᡣ
Ƕ΢ǶƬֻ֮ʣ΢ȫɾˡ


һǧʮ Դ취
ȫɾ˿΢̾ϢϾ˵Ŷ֮ţǰ;ڿϾ˵ֹһȫʧĶ㣬̫ԸǿĸŮѱңǾŶ㰵Ҳ̫һˡ
΢֪ȫɾû˵ص㣬עĿ
Ͼ˵һ仰ʱҲ£ȴǶˣ˵壬ۣнѣϾλӶѾǵ˽磬¾ǽѣڤڤ춨̫ȴ֪ıԴѾΪһ塣
ȫɾ˵꣬ȴȡһö򣬴һ⣬ݸ΢
ǣ˵ϾҵԴ취ʱϾ˵ɴ˹ƳһнѣֻҲ£͸аԸ㣬ŶɵĴſԲаء
΢һû뵽ϾȻȫɾ£Լǲ֪ġ
Ͼݣ΢Ѿ²⣬ԷӦǴˣʮ΢Ҳ˲ٹڴϢ
˾ŵУνǵһص˵ֻλˡ
˴֮⣬С磬λϲս磬ӦþϾ
ִ֮ɵŻжһɳĲʢ
ϸ룬Ͼʮǰʮ꣬ս羭޵Уν¾Զ˵ȴһζ
ڵ΢ȻﲻϾĳ̶ȣҲٳʮꡣ
ǺεȵƳĿһСӵ
߶ȣ΢붼룬ʱȴҲֻҪɹ٣˶ѡ
ȫɾԴ취΢һɨҲ֪⹦Ϊԣ΢һʱ֮Ҳ벻еĵ
Ҳȫɾ÷ٹȥ꣬ʲôû
Ŷɣνһ˼ƶ̶˼Ƴҽ˷㣬ǻ˭Ū취˭ͿƽǵĽѡȫɾ˵꣬΢Ҳǵ˵ͷ취򣬵֮ҪȥĹȥȡô
£ǱӦйע磬֪ôһطȻǰ²˳٣ǰȥȫɾʱͼдƬ̡΢˵꣬ȡһͼ
ͼﻨ㣬ɽ֮ǰͼǼֱһһأ΢ͼ磬ԣ°빦ȫɾǼʶ㣬ҲûͨҲ۾һ
벻ŶɾȻͨ˲ֱͺʹһɴΪ硣ȫɾһ˵΢ͷһȷͼҲһС磬ȻСͨ˷ýȥԷԲԼڵһ硣
ϸ˵ȷʹĴ֮ͨͬ
ȵȫɾڵ˽ͼڣ棬֮ǰۿǾԲ뵽ֻһ
΢һ㳲֪֮ҲǵһʱˮһͬǰĹء
Ĺ֮أںˮԴͷ˴һƬ޴ĺˮī죬Ҳ롣
ɽɽж붴ʮĹΧˮǡ
΢ͻ˵ı£ﲢѣˮ޽ڵ£кˮ˵գһ·Լ˱ˮʬ壬еѾֻʣкݹǣһЩ˵ķմȾˮ֮Ҳʴһѷޱȡ
˴գҲɫ䣬η֮ɫ
˿־ǣǸ֪ʲôΣգδ֪֮£ηġ
¶΢˵ʲôһۣжһ߲Ƶʬʩչȥۡ
΢У֣˾ȻҲǺˮ˵ˣΪˮǣ֮һߴӺڰĺˮʬҧУ
΢ˮǵһգǺˮʬȥ۹֮ЩˮʬǱˮʴˣѪīޣǣˮʬˮ죬ƤɱһˮʬˣΪٸߣҲմȾˮճΪµĺˮʬ
Щˮʬ΢ﲢûжвֻҪЩˮʬɣȻΪͨһأˮ˿Ǹ˲СĴۣˮǵƵĺˮʬһ붼Ǻˮ˵ˡ
΢ɣһЩǹⱻˮģĿľĺˮʬһĹᡣ
֪ˮʬܽ΢ȻӦԣͨͻйأ΢֣θļѾʩչֶΣ»ӿһ̤Χʮǻ졣
һˮʬûͱٳɷɻҡ


һǧʮ ˮ
ˮĳ֮أ˴кˮ˻޽Ĵ󣬼һֱڴ˴ĺˮ˴˿̹ӭӴ߳ĺˮ;ʦ
ôˣһĺˮʵ
Ѿ˳ͨˮʬ֮Ե𷨿˿˵ϸһӥˣⱳ˫һ˫ӥҲޱȡ
˽ﾡãӥˣȻʵһ㣬ֻڵΪںˮ˵иŲϺţ˫ĿͨԶҲԿ̽ӣӥΪС
΢˽ˮ֮󣬾һֱӥ˵ļ֮¡
֮ͷźˮ³嶯ҿǻһߣ˷ǻġ
ˮһҡͷЦڣΪ塣
Ī⣬ˣҲֻǳڡЦˮһͷҲӦСǣΣ˴ĹΧһˮޱȣ֮ǰгԣͻƣһһ۷˳׻ǱɳûͻƣĹģȡֵĴб
ͷļı
ʱ򣬸ӵӥֵʦĹڴ˼ˣŮ
ˮһ㶣ôҲˣ
˶һۣ֪ЩǵԤ֮⣬ǲûиףŮôˣ
˾ˣλβֻΪ΢ҲãˣÿԽǵɱãǵǼ˶סȥס룬߼˷Ը䣬Ǽǵͷȥ
ЩӺˮоϸѡģѡˣΪеͨ
ͬǸӥۣóӣеóеԻ֮ȻСеʱȴǿԷӳá
ȥģǲɫǱߣ˫֣Ҳ֮
ˣӣЩ˵ʲôطˡʱԸһ䣬ӥǴջĿ⣬¿Ǳߣֻһӥ˾Ǵһ
ʦˣӥ۳Ծ˵㵺Ͳš
ʲôһ㶣æϸʣԭӥԤӦѾ쵽ˮ󸽽ֻһѾǿ˵ټˡ
ǿǣˮҲ˱仯
ûˣʦˮ󣬲ˡӥǳĹᵱмһУ˵ˮǱߣ˭һƬƯʮͬһϣΨһĹĵĵ·
ôʱ䣬ˮ˲ϵģˮѾ˺ܶ࣬ɰԵޱȣֻҪֻǿܵˮĹǺˮҲֻ۷ֵܵƬ̣۷֮£һˮףԺɱ
һϲ֪赲˺ˮ˶꣬ˮ¶ˮϤޱȣͻȻʧӥ˲Ż˵ĳԾ
ͬԾٴӥۿ˼Σȷʵ
ˮʧˣҲˡ
ˣһðһͷͷ϶ʱ亹ֱðֻһֿܡ
Ǿͻ˺ˮ󣬽ĹѨġ
¾ʼδһֱһж©ָƣȻˮɽ˽һУյС
ģһЩ˵ΪֶΣҲ֪һΣĹ֪΢;ԲӽˮҪ֪΢ߴףвǴ֮
ԣ©ˡ
ô£ˮ˿ҲǺʵĹؾӣ֮˭Ҳ׼Ⱦָ
ƽܶ鶼ĹϵһЩеʱˮ˭Ӷ
Ҳüͷˮѵ㲻˵һоƿأ㲻˵ı㶼˽⣬˵ͻƺˮô£
ȻϣˮѾǽֵͷϡ
вϲҲֻܹĪŭ˽ĹѨģҲǻȡı룬ĹΧѾǻأķ϶࣬ǽˮƵҲǺ¡
ˮһϸҲȷˣȻ鳬ǵԤϣˮƵʵ
һҲԳͨ衣


һǧʮ Ļ
ˮƳĹĵ·Ǵˣô˵ĻǵȷǺ£ˮѾǾöԷüֵѾ
ôС¶ܰңԺôˣ
˵ʵˮκʵϣһֱء
ˣγˡ
ˮζ˲εĸоҲԼĴ㡣ͼɫ˼ƣΧĸǻ⣬Ȼȥˡ
ʲôƻԼûκ֪
ǼҴҸϵĹѨڣȻͬӥһĺˮûˡԭƯĺˮףѾǿһ
һ·ϣǾôƵˡ
Ҫ֪Լ֪ԹٴΣ޷Ƴô£ֻʵǰǲҲûӣôƵϵǻ
ҡͷ֪ģǵǻûƳˮʵϾǽϲ˽˶һ飬ƿˮģҲָ˵Щ˵ﵹ
ͻȻڴС
Լ֮ǰ󣬻˵ˣ
ʾ֭ںһֿܣΪԼ֮ǰжϺģôƳˮˣ˭ܻ
Ǽλ֮Ȼܣһˣܽˮɽ
֮µˣƳˮˣϤˮ뷨ӽƳˮˡڡһµѶȼⱾµģһһĸ֣ҪôǴЩ˵һΪϤ
Ǿ΢
΢һֱչֳ²˽ʩչԿ΢Ϊóס
սʱ̹˵΢ߴ׵˸֡
Ȼˣ΢׵ƿ϶ǼǿӦƳˮġ뵽΢ͷһ
ǷųҪ΢͡
ѵ˵΢Ѿˣ
ûֿܣɿ˼ţ˵΢ˣںˮɽй۲һС
ˣԲҲûֱ£΢ұ֤Ͼʮǰ΢Ѿǰ޹˵׳٣ȡľ۽ĵһ
ʮ꣬׷΢΢ʮʱصôô֮Ҫ˵΢ںˮɽŵġ
Խ룬ԽԴȻЩţһֱ©˵˽Ĳ֣˺ܾãҲ˺ܾãǸ̫ࡣ
΢ȻϢĽˮɽǵĹȻǺ֪飬ֻо
뷨ûкͺˮȻǺˮ˵ľʦֻ˵ΥȻԷҲûιԼһҲ֪
ˮ΢ȻΪҪƾͲ̫ԶЩ꣬ںˮ˲̫࣬ǵҪʱһͻƷˮˮ£ƿѾе۷һһλҲͬ˺ˮˣһλ۷壬ֻҪλҲˮ˾ˡ
ȻĻǲ˱ˣҲͬ˺ˮֻǺ߲û뵽ˡ
ĹһжҵģԲռֺˮ˿̽ޱȣǴͷĹѨС
аţҲǸŽȥǽȥûãŮҲǸϵ
ףĹῴ类˽ȵˣͼ᲻ᡭŮһ·ĶǱɨӣѾϰ£ʱּȣ˵ûףǶԽȵ֮ʹޱȡ
ȻҲżϾˣǸ˿ҡͷŮС쾳ˣȥ쾳֣Ҳ۷Ტ۵ģͼӦûڡ
²˳٣ɱȥŮǱ׼ļӣû˵Ѿ˽ȥ
ȻôЩ³çȴͨƺǸոմͨ˵ǰѾȥˣȻˣʲôΣҲֶֻ룬Ȼͼ֣֮ɱĶС
Ҫ֪ǿǽһĹؼʺΪƾԼ۷ѾǵͷˣͼͿתˣһ̤쾳ʱ򿰱֮ȻǷޣ˿ɵС
ԾΪҲҪȥһ


һ ͼ
뵽Ҳ¶ģŽͨĹĵȻҲСΧȻСһ룬ˣҲ
ţѾͨǰһš
һʽӣľʯһֽʶҲϲǺεȲʡ
ţ֪˶ˣȥΪϡ
룬ŮѾ̣ܵһԼŮԸ񣬾ҡͷҲЩȻŮĵУͱ˸ˡ
޷ֻҪܲһŮٺ֣˭ָҽ뵽ʱҲ̤һţֻ̤ŵ˲䣬͸оԡ
Ǻεۣ֮۷֣һ֮£֮ϣֹǷḻ
ո̤һţ֪
ŵĸоͷ·һ˶Ͽָо˵޿һ̾Ҫˣһš
ֻͷһѾĿɿڴ
ﻹ֮ǰĵ棬棬ֻһƬڰ˷κζߡ
һֻǰǰ·ܿǺ·ǺڰһƬȻҲѡǿкˣָоԼȻ֮ء
˵Ůǰ档
ߣҵҪ﾿ʲô塣һǰУٺˡ
Ƭ̣ǰһƬŲʹâͬƬգ鿴һ̣µͻȻʧֻоǰӰһ䣬ٿѾǵһɽͷϡ
дУ໨ޣԶɽ֣Ϫˮһ
˿ȴٴС
ΪﲻһˣԼŮŮ֮⣬ˡ
һǺˮȺˮ˵ˣһȻǵͻ
ֻˣֻʣĶӰ
ŮŪô£Ψһ֪ôµģҲֻ΢Ͼǵһ뵽ˡ
ˮ˵ˣֿŮ΢ֻоЦǾ⡣
֮ǰһ˵˺ˮ󣬵ʱ̽·ļ˲Сģףֱӱˮ׺Ӷʣ
ʱҲǲһ΢־˶ԷѾˡ
Ϊ£΢Ǿǿޱȵĺˮ״ϣԷȻǺǿ󵽺εȵز
˵ʵ΢ûôǿ֮ԿԵֵˮףҲǽ֮ǰߴ׵
΢һֱߴףǱˮôһ޷أʱѾŴԶԷûвʲô쳣Ȼƾߴףͼ΢ˡ
ҲҺãʱһĻûп
ʱߴԣͬˮף̣΢ԼԿƣĽǣߴֽˮ׽ǽ΢ڣҲΪˣˮʧˡ
˵ʵⲻ΢Ҫ飬ܿƵģ;ԲὫ赲˵ϳ
һԼȻԽĹѨģʣҲԡ
ҲΪˣĺˮ˵ˣŮҲˡ΢˵ˣ˵ôҲûã֮ķչҲǳԤϡ
ΪĹѨĻǺΧһĵطܲкܶ౦ʹвС
ʵϣ΢ԤϵĸӺֹٱǧ
ǾȻǱǿһͼ硣
£˻ʦ΢ܿߵһţʲôţһ֧ʡ
һֱ޴ޱȵĻʣͨīīǴ˿ģģһ硣
Ե֮΢ڳ˼Ҫʱ˼⾿ʲô£Ϊʲôطһ硣
ʦԬ̿һ϶ûôڵͼ磬˭ģ
ĪǻǺԬ̿йأ
΢ЩŪס
ΪϵһЩ֪ͼĴڣʦȴ֪֮٣ѹҲһֱѾ˼ѰҵͼʵϾǴ˿̾С
Դһ֪ģǺˮ˵ˡ
ˮɻȻ֪ô£ʲôطԱҲ࣬ûне뷨ֳһгصģ
Ҫ˵ˮε࣬˺ˮ֮⣬һʮΪʵҲǿһ顣
˿࿴ţ֮ȿڣı֪࣬ʱȿڣƿȨҸղԹô޷֪ĵط
˵ļһ㣬Ǳ


һ ΢
ãǳȥŵҲһȥ
λǴ촰˵Ȼ˵ҶĹлǺˮ̾ˮɽǧϣһжָƣλõѡ񣬾ǺȻԴ˴գλ۷ǿߣҲȫˡڣһڣƭ˼˵һǶָƣҲϤһһ˵̬
Ҫ̺ô͵úͺˮ˺
ˮһҲǵͷò˵бµˣҪȻЩҲᱻίΣΪˮ˵ľʦôһ仰ռƣƿ϶û
ٵǱߣ϶ǲģǱüıģڿ϶һ֪л̿֡
Ůȴǲ˵Է֪ĹˮģԼ϶Ҳ֪
ˮĺһ˶ˣ֪΢Ͳһˡ
ʱ˫ûзӦһתλˮɽΪʲôΪ΢˵΢ܾܿͲڴ˴㲻˹ͬĵˣӦӦ֡
仰һ˫Ǵһ
΢ԼҲһ㶡
һӦԼǲ¶ʲô©ˣҪȻԷô֪΢
΢ʱ΢Ҳˣ֪ԼݣҲûʲô
Ｘ۷Ȼ΢£涯ˣ΢Խǵκһնɱ
ǶԷ֣΢ӮˣҲԲ䣬ֶΡ
Ϊˣе΢ڵҪ«ʲôҩ
ǱԼһ仰ȻĿˮҲһĿȻ⡣
ĵ۷Σ
ǵԼģԼѴֻ֮粻֮ͿԽŪڹ֮䣬ҲԼĴ㣬ȻһûκսľʦĹĻᡣ
λĹѨĵ·һˮһǾԲͨǺˮ˱һˮҲˣҷ»һЩƽˮģλ֪֮ˮɽһģô֮˭£ҿֻˣһʥ׵ഫڻ磬ԴڳףΪѾ۷壬쾳µһˣǿߣˮɽҲûڶʬ潩ڣʬ壬ˮ𣬲˵λ׼˽еһ֣ҪȻȹˮҲǿԵġ
˵˶٣Ȼŵˣ΢
΢Ůһ΢һ޳ˣεºܣʬ潩Ტۣ
ȻŮǲ΢ʸλƽƽģҪ֪ʬ潩ڣֻǿ
Ȼû˵ϵıҲһš
һЦȷ΢۴Ϊǵ϶޷ʬ潩ᲢۣȴԵɺϣȡףа취ƽˮģ׹ף԰ȻĶȹ
ǣҿˮǱͻƵģǱʱ򿪿˵
˵΢ֱ£龿Һûۿ£˵þ͵ͻϾλǵһͨġ˵΢ͻ
ôʣȻҪͻ׳ˮƽ࣬ôˮײܾôƽ޹ʵʧ٣ĵʣĺˮױĵǱ΢ȡߣеҪ֪˭ƿ
ʱһ͵͵ɨһԵ
Ȼ˭ƽĺˮ󣬵ʱһĻ˵ǵսľǺˮ׵ֻĴָϸһףԽλڵֱӺɱʱҲȷһ
ˣȻֺˮף֮׵ˮף󽫺ˮ׽ȡ
һĻģԣֻоͷƤ顣
΢ףΪҲһ
ѵɺϣ
ҡͷɺϣΪռƿףɲɺϾܽ͵ģ˵ǺһӵͼﵮĻˣԷһֱûչֳ
˵Ǿֻһֽͣٲ˼飬ٿţҲʵ
΢


һ ˭
ͷޱȵĿԡ
ȻǿԣԼǲȥ֤ʵģѾҲֱ֪ǲ̫࣬˼һָͿԽԼɱ
Դ˵ǣװͿװʲô֪
֮Ѿ⣬ˮɽһжģлܻصҹɽ֮һ״ڣҡ
⣬ܻش
˵ʵ΢ҲЩĻԹʲô˵ͿԷ᲻Լƽ˺ˮ󣬽΢⡣
ٺܴ֪ʲôʱʲô飬һʱǲҪĻᷴһˡ
⣬΢ȥҲܸĽߡ
ͼ΢Ц˭㲻ǳڣҲƿ˵ƽˮ΢Ҹ㣬ǣƽģңôǴ㽫΢ݰϣǲǣȻٻǱһԸңԲԣ赶ɱˣɱ㡣
˵꣬΢̧һץһħצɳɢųȻ棬
ߴһֻΪôֵܵ΢ĹɱǧһԱߺˮֵֵ
ʱˮһۣȻų΢ЦĪҪʦҲֻƲ⣬Ƕ赶ɱˡ
ǽ赶ɱˣΪ£ҵˮˣҲĸˣ϶Ǵˡ΢⽫˵ֱףԸ񣬵һ˵ĺмɣϸһ£
ͬ˵һ֮µһˣλߣҲֵֻһʸƽƽ
ˮʲô
˵ˣһȺͨɵһ壬ǾƲϵģôһ˵˵Ŀ֮ǰҪƿؾ̫Ȼ̫ˣЩˬˡ
˵Ĳ˴ΣҲǺˮ˽ģҪǣǺˮûʲôϵ˵ѾĹлȡ˲ٺôĵ֪㣬Ȱǣ˳ȥɡȻˮ˲ͽ
ͼڱصãͻĹ϶˽⣬ˮ˲һԷ̾ˮɽ̫ˣͻԵɺ֪ʲôҪ˵Լвˮ˲ġ
ˮϼΪѿķʱȻʱʱǰǱƵһˡ
ʱ˵Ҳ֪Ϊ̫ϸ˵û˵ʸ񣬶ˮҲˮˡ
ʱ򣬺ˮԼҪˡ
ⲻҺˮ˹ͣھҪ˳ȥҲûзӣԼԣطôҲȥ˴عΪȹ̣ҵΪ޷˺գ֪λܲ˭˺ռѷ죬Ǻˮ̾ߣΣˮΪ
΢ˮҲֻϧԷ˽ˣΪ΢϶ѡ
ˣղҲԹû·ʱǳȥģҵҲûбҪͺˮ֣Ǹ߸·˭Ҳ˭΢ʱ˵ղų֣ҪնɱȻ΢Ҳִˡ
ڵ΢ҪļֵʲôѾ֪ǣһͼ΢ţͼͻǲͼĳĹؼΪ΢Լ޵ľʦ΢ֹء
ԼͼһЩע⣬ǧ󣬻ԼѾǻԵɺ½ͼ磬ԿԼ֣˽ͼ
£΢Ȼϱˣֵġ
Ҳһ뷨Ҫȥͼͬ뱻κ˴ţ˶˼ˮǱȻҲûӡ
ãȻˣǾ͸ɡˮ֮ǰκȾָĹԲˡ
ôζԷ뿪ȻѹΣ
ˮʵϲûʲôǸ۽ҲʱĶǵʧʱѾðһͷ
ھͷ˶㽫ɱҲ֪
ɱˣĹеһоͶԼģ˭Ҳ᲻ߣԽ˳ɾ
һΪ쾳ˣǾ޼ɵ֮
ͷһȣˮͷǰðë


һߩ Ʋɵ
Щ꣬ΪԸѣˮ˲̲ںˮɽһҶϸ˵˴ãںˮͷһȣ¾ͷ֣ʣһС
ֵʱѾֹˮͻȻ֣ɱʱֻ
ˮȻëַˣͷԼ򵥣ֻż˽⣬ɱˣһĹебﶼһС
뷨ʵôռ
˵˵͵˵ܲܽԷնɱһδ֪
ȻһκˮĴ۷ˣˮټˣʵϵȷҪˣԷ⣬Ѱ֮Ҫ֪۷ͬУҲǷŵȣʣ۷еһȴڡ
ֻˣ˵ʲôҲûˣ֪ڱˮȡʤˮ군ˣһвҲɢˡ
θĺˮˣʵ϶ˣʱ˷ɿ˸ƣ˲Ϻˮ֡
·һ·ɱŮһ·ɱͻ
ӣôĵӣ״ˮҲ̫ˣȻҷ֣ҲɵӣԷȻ֣ǾҪ¶Ҫ˺ˣʱٶ˵Ҳûãǻ
Ǳߺˮ˵˺Ҳˡ
ˮǱ۷ˣ඼ˣ˵ʵǿᣬΪϿȷҪǿˣϾ˫Ҳֻ۷壬ڶѡ
ҲֲúˮҪգϾӮðһΣҲֵá
ʱͻȻλȼնɱһԷȿ塣
ò˵˹ƶˣҲر֮ǰ֣Ҳ֮֮Ҫ֪ںˮ˵˵У˺ˮ֮˶ġ
̾λ۷˺ɱӣҪȽնɱֻҪһֻʣ¸ͲΪ壬һһΣ
ļıҲԿȡʤ
ˮȻԿЩãȻҲ˷ãȫƵԷһս˾ͺŪˡ
Ҳ֣һ۷ΧɱȻûΪԵֵ۷ֵΧɱ
ֻúˮû뵽ǣһ֣֪ˣԼˣҲˣǴס
ɫȻִ̧һס
ⲻһףǺˮסٶȼ죬ͬһɫ磬˲佫ˮһλ۷˺š
һ£ԷӶ׺飬۷ǿôһҲǰ֮ˡ
͵һһ۷֡
΢Ȼ֣ǾͲһ£˵ʵͬʱ۷ֺڶ˵ΧҲȫˣп
΢־ûκεԥ͹˼ɣҲûκεأõֶΣ쿪ʤֻжøոĺˮףܴԷһֲ
Ŀǰ΢ƿصİ׵УȻԸ۷˻Щģˮײͬ
ˮ΢ɱ׵һҲֲһˮͿ赲ˮôá
˿΢ִһˮףͷһϸڶָֻϸһޱȣһεĿһڵˣߵķӦٶȻһģһĴָϸĺˮֱӶ
һ̣ϵĺˮ׻գֻɲ֮ͽǸڵɱ
һǴһԭĹҲͣ£ֲ̫ˣΣһһˣǺˮףֱҪ֮ǰǸ۷ΪҲǱˮ׻ˡ
ˮףȻǺˮףô˵ƵĺˮֻΪʲôû˵׷ôԦףԶսޱȡ
̫ǿˡ
̫ǿˣֱƲɵںˮҲĸ֣Ҳˣ£ģĲǱʵǼıա
óŪĵȻ˵ʵԲŻ˵𾪣֮ǰõϢû
мתͻȻ뵽һԵϸڡ
֮ǰǿƴ΢ǽɳɹһߣʼΪƿһУԲŻô
ƺԼһʼжϴˡ
ǲΪ˱ģΪ˱Щˡ
ôٽ϶Էƿ׵ϸڣоԼһĴ


һǧʮһ ն˺ˮ
֪ԼһĴ΢ôһͶԽ͵ͨˡ
ͷȻȥ˼飬ϸһ룬ȴָоֻôһ͡
ʲô֪Ǿȫ֣Ҳδ΢Ķ֡
Էպˮףһͼڲ֮أ⻹ô򣿸ղһ棬߾һһˣٴȥ֡
һǾͶһ
Ҳǵϣǳ˴ơƵ˼ֻһǾӡ
ȱס˵
ºˮǱ߳˺ˮ֮⣬˻Ȼ֯̾ӡ
ǸʲôȥһһĻŪˣû뵽Լ¾Ȼһ˸ɾһĻҲǱߵŮһҲǽƻޱȣʹӸոˮԼȥҲԲǵ֡
һɱԼ֣ǳ˴ҲǵϣԼŮܡ
뿪˵
Ǳ΢֪ǴԼˮϿ˶ߣʵҲ΢ˣΪٸߣֶٶ࣬۷ֵΧҲСҲ֣ԼΣˡ
΢ϣֱӶ˻̫ĺˮףֶչָ
ĴԼúˮ֮ӦѾԶٲ³Լˡ
΢ҪЧ
΢˽⣬ȻҰĲҲǽС΢һжԤϵУʲô鶼Ԥ֮⣬ôĵСͻֵ쾡¡
΢ôҪ΢óˮ˵ģ¿ԸҲһˣֻû뵽ܸɣˮ˵ܣȻߵ˶ˡ
ֻ΢
ˮΪžһ΢˵ֱӳòõɹŽһнʽɱˮ
΢Ҫˮնɱһҽ֮Ȼعıԣ϶һԸԼȽˮɱãȻԷͶһս
ʮûùɹŽɹŽѾû෴ʮľޣ΢ΪɹŽҲûš
˿΢ȡһնǽƣ˲ʱ佣ȻԼһʱ֮䣬Ǭ塣
ˮȻɻ󣬵ֵֵֻܳһ䣬˦һźһ㣬ޣǺˮɱﵣսΪһս֪˺ˮɽޣѾơһս֮󣬿ɹأޱȣˮһɱжһλͬ֡
Ҫ˵ıƣˮóҪɱݣǺˮɽ˵һĴڡ
ӭ΢Ľս԰̬˶һͷɽӰ赲΢
ˮǴ㵲ס΢ͬʱ԰޽ɱ
ֻ뷨ãȴǵ͹΢ɹŽ
΢һնȥǱɽ赲סֻƬ̾ͱ΢һնɨˮߴһҪѾ
ˮͷնΣǿ㱻նҲû̱֮ɫʧӦòͨŶԣôὣһڳ
΢֪ˮѾƲˣɹŽնϵɱѾԷȫ˵ˮɡ
磬һҪɱԷ˵ѣ΢ͬ
˵յף˵ɹŽѾִɱ¾֮ϵɱԻ˽塣˵Ľնˮ壬ؾɹŽնоͲˣɱͬ綾˿Ѿˮն;ƿݣ
ˮʱڷӦһвȻǽԼһж˽ȥʱȴüΪԹ΢㲻㡭Ǹ΢ֻ΢Ľɱ
ϧ֪̫ˡ΢ٴնһ׽ˮն
ͷһ˸£æǹݵ˭Ҷ׷档
ܴʱѾƣģ΢һͻὫնɱ
ڻҲ֪Ǹ֮ͨ׷ɱ΢
΢ὣֽΧˮɢĸֱץУɱ˺ˮ΢³ɽˡ


һ߶ 
ǿϾֻǵһЩֶΣȵ΢׺ɹŽڻ΢̫ǿˣˮô˵Ҳ۷Ĵڣ̾ˮɽİȻɵı΢նɱղŵҲֻ΢Լ֮ǰûûȫĺˮף΢ʵҲֻΣԵһ״ۣڶʱֻĴָϸ
ʱ΢Ƿˮ׵ģҲΪˣնɱˮ΢ֻܶɹŽ
ɱ˺ˮɱǹڵ΢ˣҪ֪֮ǰ΢ȫԸ֣ڷļ󣬲ϢС
ߣ΢˵ֱӴͷ뿪ҶʣҶ룬æǸں档
ʵ΢Ǹ߹ˣ뿪֮ѹûɱȥʼ΢ԤϵҵҪԷ£
ʲô˵΢һŮǲţܣô΢Ǹˣ˵ǣǵ֮Ҳܺ޲
Ȼ΢թޱȣ˵ҵʲôαװķӣƭ֮룬˽綼׷ɱôڵУȫĵط
һҲǵ˵ͷôһ˵Ҳмֵ΢˷ؽ֮ء
֪ˣҪöԷ룬߻۷ĸ֡
Ǹ˵ŵһͿԻָ˳ʵټˣҪԸ΢Ӧ㹻ˡ
ɵġ
ͬ΢˽Ҳ˽΢˵˽ŶɡŶɵ·ܳȣԷȻҶúˮױ¶ݣǲ˵ԷѾ׼
һֿܣ΢ɱΪˮ಻סǰ֣˵΢¶ԼҲȲѡ
ϣǵڶ֣һͻûԤ֮⡣
ˮûӳԷ׶༪٣ҪľʵĹȻ֮ıﴫУֻҪռȻͿѹס΢ϾԼռŵġ
˶ܻ࣬ȡĺôҲͶ࣬ţҪ˶ãں˳ᢣȺҪȡĹеĴҲǿġ
ʱ΢ɡ
ʱ֪ñֳ㹻ĳ⣬˶ĺֻҪĺԸ΢û⡣
Ҳ֪˵ûҲǵͷȷΨһѡ΢αװôãΪѾǰ۹ʮǰ΢Էϣڣ΢ѾǵвĴڡ
Ըʵʱ򣬾ͱʵðλõʱҲҪλã΢һǿƣȻԷֻˡ
ʱ뵽һ£͵ʦ΢ǻأĪҲ΢ͬ
ȻͿǹ޶ۣʱҲֻܽԷɵˣлԽӴһ£ȡȻãȡҲ޷˶ڣһһΣ
˵ĲڴҾһ̽ĹѰʹСһˮ˵ĸֿ˵
͵Ȳ֮󣬶һͷж
΢ǱȴûĴҹ䣬ȻѾ֪Լڵͼ磬һͼµĶ
֣ӡ¡
ЩŪ֮󣬲֪ܡ
ں棬΢˿̹ͼɽ֮ƣ֮λʱ䣬һߵɽ֮£Ѱһˮ®
΢֪һͼҪĵĵطǴ˴
֮ǰۣͼ˵Ǿɫˣʤգڴ˴ǽӵ˼¡
ɽˮһһľ͸һ⾳˴΢ȻԶ볾ʹ˱ӵͷ
΢εǴӰ쵱˹
ֶΣȻͼɫӰҵ˼ά΢оȵܿѣĻͲˣ룬һʱ֮ƺþ֪Լ˭֪ںδ
Ҳãʡˡ΢˵һ®С
®Žȥ֮ɿûˣ鰸ǽϹһ֣ܴ͸һɰ
ֻ֡
죡
΢Ҳ鷨ʦ˿֣˲ЩΪд̫ˣֹǺãֱǽһ쾡µչ˳
һ֣΢ƺһ
һ˰񷣬ΪУҪɱˣȴ죬ʤһ


һǧʮ ͼ죨һ
΢һֳ񣬷·Ŀһλֻܲ죬׳١
죬֡
ʱ΢ִӻһץһͼ˲伸ͼðȫɾڡξٺɽˡ
΢۾֣ڴ˾ޡ
˵꣬ԼѾߵ®Ψһһϥ붨
ȫɾȻһ㶣ǻ֪ʲô飬ξٺɽҪʣȫɾֹɵڶĪš
˵꣬ҲһȫɾȻҲ۷壬ʵ΢һĲ࣬΢ܿΪصı˵ǴУһϣȫɾȴǿ
ܿģǺڷŵһľܡ
ľӲСһţÿһ϶źܶණ鼮򣬻зҩ˵Ŀ
ȫɾľϵĶ
滹м­
ĺö­дУǿǿ˲Ϊŵ棬һ­ᱻͷϾһɹȡ­еĴУȻ΢һ£ͿԴﵽӦľ硣
˵ʵⶫѾ۷ȫɾ˵岻󣬾۷һ­ȫɾҲҪǣһĴ­
һĴ­пܳ
ԼûУΪһǶǳԽشڵˣǿԴﵽĴڣ춼ȻֻǽҪﵽĳ̶ȣֻܳԽ죬
û˵˭Ϊһˡ
Ǹ̶ȣһǰһĴڡ
ȻȫɾҪǲҪںξٺɽ˵Ϊֻǳһµ­˵ǿԿΪ
΢֮ǰǾޣָ
΢붨ָͳȫɾ顣
Ϊ˲΢ͽľܶᵽ棬죬ǿʼоľϵĶȫɾ۷ڣʡ˲ġ
Ȼ滹һˣǸλƺĳֻþУվһͣҲûȥ
ǲ֪˴зƵģ˵뵽һ޾þ԰Ρ֮û£Ϊ΢ڽ®ֽ֮ѾԶٶԺЧ
ľϵĶйеҩ­Уʱ䣬ڡξٺɽֱѡһֹ­ĸǸѡһЩ­ȫɾҲֻΪжһµȼ
ĸ­ȫ۷һ˵ǴֱеĴֱʣ˵Ķĸ­ųȥȻ˽𶯡
ĸ۷һ­ľĸ۷һˣκƴȫ
ȫɾѾ󵽣Ļȡ­еĴУʱһⶼΪ۷һˡ
һϲ˽γһɲڴһˡ
Ͱ࣬΢Ǿ졯֡
һº󣬾΢ͻȻ߳˲®˶һ㶣һٶȼ죬­еĴҲȡھΪá
΢˶Χ
Ǽ
΢֪Ҫʲôʱ΢κ˼Ϊв֮ͣΪ˴˴ȫ΢ҪһЩ顣
ͼ΢һѾǷӵɸ߿գ΢һּΪǿĽƣϵһ
طȥһ޴ޱȵͼ硣
֮ǰ΢ڵǸطһС㶼硣
˿΢һȡʦʣȻһ
˲䣬®ΧﷶΧ֮ڣѾǱ΢ʦκˣǿԴﵽ΢ʦľ磬򶼱С
֮΢һٻٿջһţȻͨñʾյд֡
֣֣®еһģһ
ֻ΢֮ҡͷ૵ǲ˺ܶ࣬죬дֵġ
΢Ŀ
ĿѰѰ֮
®Ҳˣ֮
΢֮ǰһ֮½磬Ѿǿ˲®Χ̷֣ǰľɫ˱仯
ԣ鲻ԡ˿̿˵
ʲôԣô߶߶ɹŮ˵ӣҲǿ˳ۣԷΪߣȴʹˣȻǲˬ


һ ͼ죨
Ů˵Ĳղһ˲䣬ǰɽ֮仯ǹŹĹǹŹ֣ǵСӦԡ˵һ䣬֪ԼŮĵУʱ򲻻¾ˣҪæǾǿѡ
ˮ˵ˣҲǵͷղţҲȷоǰľɫһЩ仯ﲻԣһʱ֮Ҳ
һ¶ʱ䣬ΪĹε޷ȥҲҵһЩöһЩС
ÿһˣٶõһЩôΪҲһЩֻһµεǾȻûͻ
о⼸նȫѰңҵͷ˸ղŵһĻ
ǼǰλһСģһǸ΢һҪȳֽѹơ˵
ĺˣǰʱõһ׾ɱûа΢ھɱǰֻ·һһ۷һ˵
Ҳǵ˵ͷҵ˲ٱ͹оһ׾ɱİ󷽷
ҪŸ˰һɣ޿ƥУ쾳֮£ɱ˭ɱ˭
ҲΪһ׾ɱҪҵ΢
ǼǰУֻǰɽɽʲôûУȻһ
ʱƣһȥ
ʱ䣬˼ǽߵĵطһ飬չεĺôҲչΣȻǵʵ˲٣û̽Ѱ΢ټ
ĺܴ֪鲻Ծ
ô˵ʱҲӦҵһЩԷ˿ûУʲôҲͷ·΢ǻƾʧһ㡣
ңȻҲ˲ٺôЩôĹһġ
Ҫ˵еһЩΧıʹж硣
һʲôط˲ӡڤ˼룬ʱҲΪԼ˺ܶ㡣
ˮ֮ǰõġת󷨡Ҳ͵͵ѧˣֻһֱûʵսˣŴ󷨿Գ׸ͷ棬ؾЩˣϱۣʱ򶼲⣬֮⣬ΪҲ
Ǵúˮ˵ɱ΢֮΢ϵľ֮ľ塣
ŵ֮󣬼ǵڲ𣬵ʱҪԸѰ۷壬ֱͬвһ㡣
Ϊһֱûҵ΢òıļƻ
ľ壬ˣҲɣ˶ΣѪ塣
ĹУҵһѪ
Ѫһ˽һżϿ˵ѪԴ֮棬֮档
ⶫת󷨣ȻЧľôãҲ˶ˣҪǣоһ˿
һֱҲ΢ټںʳѰ
ã΢˶ҲôٳʱԼЩˣκ΢ˡ
ԣ޷ٵˣҪԼʵֻʵȥʸ΢
ҹȻһطͿʼʩչת󷨡
һ֡塯񷨣ۣת󷨾ǿǿķš
ǽ˷ˡ
ȻǵɷȻҪϣѪԴ֮ĽᾧһҪĲϣ֮⣬ЩѾռȫξʹһʹá
һĺȥȻУһ̣вӿ˲ԭ峺ĺˮȾѪɫͬѪˮһ㣬֮ͬһðѪ
λõĺףһ޴룬ԭеҲʱɵӶʣ
˴գͺˮ˵ѰĴѰǷһѾǱѪˮһĺ
ôӣŮһ棬ﲻǺˮǰߣҲǽ˵ѪͬһԲʮﶼ֣ͬһƬѪɫ硣
۷Ȼʶ㣬һ۾Ϳĳ˹
ڴȻγ󣬲򵥰˵ʱˮǸӥ˴˿̿ףǿ
ʦںӥۿ˵
һ㶣ͬһˣһЩ˳ᢵֱ֮ûʲôô˿ɵģȻǴһЩš
Ǻˮ˵ȻҲȣ֡
ʦĪ⣬һжյУʦĹǱȻͬСɣҵȾڴΪʦ˻ˡӥʱ򿪿˵ˮ˵У֮ˣʱȻҪվһ


һǧʮ ͼ죨
ӥ֮⣬ˮҲģһЩҲûӡ
д΢Իܱ˴ַѾʼɣǲһ͵͵ҵʲôϺõĴУ̺ô
ʱȻҲҵһЩ۷˵嶼
ҪҵֻһͼҲһŵ͸¶
˵ͼܲܲһĹؼҵͼôһǰ϶顣
ʱŵǣ᲻ѾҵͼҡͷÿԲѾǽһ¶һ飬һֱģ˽ıпܣͼ̫ܡ
ǱϾõı
ףҾֵΣ¹˵Ļ̥ˡŮʱС˵ͷʾԼ֪ԼŮ졣
ڵǺˮƴ˼۷壬мˣںͳҲмںַȻǲǵġ
һ࣬ŮѾɥʧĵʱѪˮһĺͻȻǿͷ·ʲôڿЩѪˮ
һµʱ䣬ĺˮѪһ޶Ĳ˿ѪˮѪٻ뵽Ǹ뵱Уͷ·죬Ѫˮ
󣬺Ѫˮһβʣ¶˺棬ֻʣǸ롣
˶֪ܿҪƼʱ˵˼ҲǸ죬е˷ܣеãҲеǴŶδ֪Ŀ־塣
һ¶ڿǣǹܶ飬ͻȻ֣ȥͬԼŮ˵һҲܸоóѣ϶о޴鷳
գûж֣룬ûлᡣ
֮󣬵˳Ǹûлˡ
˿˶룬ԥǷˣ֮ǰлᣬڣ϶ûˡ
һ̣ͻȻѿһ
˻Ѫܵģ·մѪˮ̳һɢ֪ʵȺ
ϸһϳֻ˿̵֮ǰǿ׳̫࣬߳ˣϵֱۺԭܶİ̺Ҳһʧ
۾֮͸һа
ؾʦ񹦡Ǳӥ˴˿̵һͷݵ
ܺã˵ͷϵһѪת󷨹ȻͬСɣ⼸ѪԴ֮棬ΪѾһԾΪ۷壬ֻǿϧұҪľģľ壬ǿϧϧ
˿˿̲⻰ﱻǰСĽΪʵ̫˵Ҽ˶Խɱ
Ǵ˿̣ΪѾǽȣֻжǿԼҲ̫
ԡ
֮ͻȻƣԪλ۷ĸ֣ξͷλΪλҪ֡
˵ģλ۷ˣһ⻰ڵ˶ЩԾֻûзӦѾȭΪһ´
Ŀ꣬λ۷һĸ֡
һȭϴӿѪϯȻ˲仯һƬѪѪӰȻ֮ơ
Ѫħȭ
˵ҪԼڵʵﵽһϾĿת󷨣õĲ϶ʮռģѪԴЩĿľͶ׷ˡ
Ҫģǲѣһˡ
û뵽֮ͨ󣬾Ȼ˵־Ͷֱ֣ϲŭ޳ѪϮҲκεĴ⡣
ʣƾѪڵΪͲǵеκһʩչͨΪ⣬ѪȻǿԴڵѪӿ·һ̣Ҫ
򵥣
˼æùסѪ˸ʩչֶΣֵѪһ̣Ѫ£һʱر飬֮˲Ǳһա
Ϊ˴磬һ¶عҲľ޴ĳ֮Ĺ˲䣬вȵ
һ̣֪δһī֭ٿն䣬˲佫һյȫһȹ̡
˭
˿˫Ŀ磬ɨī֭ķֻãҲûпʲôߣɫϾƺڳ˼
΢ǲ㣿
֮ſʵʵգֻյ˻Ӧ


һ ͼ죨ģ
΢֪㣬һ㣬ȻӦ֪Ѿ񹦴ɣеһս񣿡
ףص
棬۷˴˿̶һ֮ɫ̫ǿˣȻղһУҲǿֵʣǵ˭Ը⡣
ʱǱˮ˵ǳݵǱˣ˿ٴαĹ
ֻɫѿվһԣһ̣ԼƺŪһ£̫Σˣһ֮һǳһ±۷壬˵Ȼʲô˲õĹ
£Ȼǳﻮ˺ܾãҲ׼˺ܾãôãԲ֮
ͶԷ֣ڿǻǸ
Ҳ֪µҲû·ǿڻͬˣʱܷԸԼΪóôǿ󣬶Ǹ΢Ҳļɵǿ־塣
ֻҪ£ǶԷҪԼ
ʱҲԿ϶õľԲͼͼͲǽ۷壬ֱӲˡ
Ҳ˵ͼôԼͻлᣬֻҪ֮ǰҵͼʲô΢ʲôͳͳùԼǰ
뵽߬ȭͷѾʼ˼ı£˼ıͼǲʲôطΪʱ䣬Ƕûҵͼ˿
ͬʱڼߵ֮ϣ֮ڣ΢ϥǾ޴ޱȵͼ硣
벻֪һֱڿѰҵĲͼΧΪǴ˿ڵĵط磬ͼ
ʱһͼȫòģֻ΢
΢Ѿǽĵϴ˿̵ָֻԭòϢƮݳ
ʱΪ΢۵ףͼ磬ʵϷΪ㣬һͼ磬һΪ磬˿̣΢ڻУһͼ磬ʱ΢Ѿ֪һͼ졣
ΪصĶȻͺйأĲ΢Ҳȡ
΢Ѿν쾳֮š
ֻһţеǿҲȥеǿõȥеˣõҲԽȥȴԸȥ
΢ںߡ
죬أԹԣһǿݣһҪ޳ɣͲֻǿˣһ
˽ΪλΪһЩ˾ҲԲ죬ЩħϣΪҪɱƺֻлᲽ쾳
Դ˵˾ŵУǿˣҲִ֮ˣǷħ֮ˡ
Ҫ죬ҲҪʵģʣһĵ۷ѾǼޣͬЩˣ²Ҳվ޷̤һ
ͼǰ˾ǽһжѾ͸ֻſɻͼдġ졯֡
΢ͼ꣬ѶϤͼľͼһСġƣֲв쾳İ
Σ΢Ѿֻ֪Ҫͨһ磬ɱ죬΢ԥˡ
ˣǴӳʱ͸߸ϣǷˣǾ˵һֱˣζӳ£֪˵Ŀ࣬Ҳ֪˵֣СȴΪ飬ɱ
һǻһ磬ɱ顣
΢ԵʱĴʴȣɱ޹ȡͨ΢
ӣڳ˼
죬΢Ҫģ㲻룬ҲƵ롣
صǣν죬΢һ˲߹·
̸ֻף쾳֮Ϊ쾳磬Ҫһһ磬ôβ죿
΢ôҲ벻Ӧ֮ƫƫʱˣʵսѪȭһ㽫ͼһ
΢Ȼϣͼ٣鼱֮£ȡʦʣͼҪƿĵطػȻԱī޲ͼ硣
Ҫ˵ֶΣ΢ⲹʣҪѪȭ֪Ҫ߳ٸͲΡ
ʣ΢ȻôԷϸζղһʵеİ֮Ϊ΢ͻȻ򣬸ղһʣƺС졯֮
ͼеλ쾳ʱõһƷͼĽֽ֮ϣͼ¼Ʒš
ʱ΢ҲԻصƷɣΪˣ΢֪Ʒ졯һֶͨΣ̺֮ոԼһʣȻҲһ˿֮
΢˼ã죬ʮ죬Ҳ£֮΢˫һ˿˷֮ɫһʻ˲ī죬ͼ˲ʧ٣һīߣһī֭΢һ֧ʼ⵱С
⣬һ죡


һǧʮ һ죨һ
ͼʧˡ
ˮɽжʱǷɽӷڣˮӵҲǷӿޱȣӵ׵ĺˮеУڶ˶Ǿޱȣһֻʧ룬뷻С
ӳƬ̣ˮб㱻ױ飬˶ǽٺо˿̣ڶ˷ۿȥˮɽ𶯣Ҳ֪Ƿʲô¡
ǰˮʦԼͻһͬʧ٣֪ȥ򡣺ںˮƿźˮɽľ棬ʱˮɽҲûгʲôӣҲΪʱ䣬ʮ꣬꣬ôˮ˽ƾһ۷֣Ȼǲȹ̾ġ
͵֮ҲֱǰֻǶûв鵽ʲô˭֪ʱˮɽ䡣
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ˮɽĵζ˱仯
ǵΣԭںˮɽҲǿʼɢ˴갵գ˿̣Ȼ
˶ԣֻоп־壬Ϊδ֪ԲŻ־塣
ֻһЩ˲ʲôһĲš
ˮɽԭĽƾȻʧˡ
ʲôƣ
˵ʲôƣ˴أ㿴ڴذݣˮѾڲû˺ˮӣû쾳˵ĽҲûˡ
ɣ˵Ժ쾳ҲԽ뵽ˣ

ںˮɽвǰѵˣΪˮɽλöأǲѡ
˴Ѿõı֮ˡ
ˮǱߣ˶ɫأˮĿǰΨһµ۷˴˿̿Զ̳֮أɫء
ΧˮԴ
ҪҪȥһС˵֪ĹĴˣҲ֪ǰˮʦȥĹ
ȻĹ֣Ȼ궼
λҡͷ;ʦ߶еľǲʲô⣬ߣȿжʧ»˳Σˮˡ
ǣ
һ˸æȥ鿴һϢ˻һκˮ˵ʧǲֻǲپݵ㶼ûˡ
ʱӥУ㿴һֻ޴߲ʷ˷ٺˮɽϿգ˲䣬е˶Ŀɿڴ
ɫǺĸְôˣ
𣬿϶ѰģǰˮɽʧȥټĵλôܲѰҡ
ڶ˵Ľ̸Ǿ޴߲ʷ£Կ޴˱ϣվһˡ
˿ȥͨͨһͨ£Цݡڶ˿ȥϵôˣȻԷӦòʲô֮ˡֻվɫϹ˵ͨҲܡ
һ̣߲ʷ˻һɷĹŮӣѩ˿ü֮ϻһƣǲɶõһŮӣŮӡ
Ůӣɫ۷ˣһڶ˶ǵͷ
ɫҪ˵Ϊ͵λ֮ϣֻȴҪ͵ܶ࣬һҲûʲôֵһΣȻԸˮɽ
ˮɽ䷢˵ͺʧйء˵ĲɫǸˣɫǰҲǵͷǣǹòüͷһ壬ò˼顣
ɫʲôˣôôһ˿
˭
˻ڲ²ʱʱͼԶϻƷ·ĩս٣Ӿ޴ĻƲ㵱һŻ򣬰лӰ¡
ϸһԿȻǵļλ˵֮⣬һˣһƳ£ɫо֮
Կ˿̶ǹĸټ϶Էϵǲһƣ¾˲³λݡ
Īǣǵ֮
ɣ֮Ǳչض꣬ôˣôܻٺˮɽ
ɵ֮ıڱչز٣۷Ĵڣֳһǲ׾ٵ顣
ԭǵ֮ķ
С˵˼һ𣬶˼һָɱġ
һʱǾĬ鷳
ǲµûǵ֮ķͼλ֮֮һɫҲֻ΢һۣϣǿɫһǰǸˣ֮һ㶣Ц߹ȥ벻־ȻҲˡ


һ߰ һ죨
ֲҲһǲ˺͵֮Ҳ̸Ц
һһ
ϲ˽磬˭֪˭֮쾳ˣԭ˾
ȻλҲ˷ǰ͵֮һ
ϸһ֪ΪˣȻˮɽеعʧǻѡ˱һķӣǾǷ١
ȻǱҲˣ֮ͬıѾǱչǧ꣬ڳǧһ֮Էʾˡ
λһ̸֮ЦɫȴǲȥȻ֮仹кܴģֻĵΪֻڣɫƵ۷壬Ȼǲм׽
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λ̾ףˮˡ
£Բ¶ˮ˵Ĵڣϸһ룬ˮЩ̾ˮɽıʵǵ˲ˡ
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һλ۷֣ʧ٣ֻʣԼһֱǹ
λ̾뿪
ȻˮɽѾ̾ᣬǲ뿪󣬺ܿ죬ˮɽͻΪڶĵطˮλ۷ֻڣǻԼأֻʣһ϶ǲС
뿪Զ֮ߡ
ò˵λܴҲʱİԼλãԲúˮ֮һ֮֡
Ǻ󻰡
ˮ˵ϢߣȻҲһЩ˵ע⣬ûǡ
뿪뿪ˣܾ˵ģȻǵ֮֮λ֡
ȻҶ˵ģǲһ𡣡֮Ц˵˵ʵ򲻵ѣǲ͵ַ֮ģʵǿ
Ҳһ뷨ȻǶղҸԵĲ£ʵϣҲ̽ˮɽ˼
˭֪ˮɽһλյ쾳֣ȻͬΪ쾳ܵõȥ쾳˵ĺǻĶǶ黹кôǲŻǰ
֪Ҫ춯֣Ȼ϶֮ʱһŪһЩͲ÷ˡ
Ҳղϻ˵ǲȡж
һһᲢ۵ģȻֻǷ٣ҲڵͨΪ˻ǫһ£֣ٿһץȻǽĴضץ
ˮɽʲôҲ϶ǻڵ£ֱӣһ½ֱץƿ˹ӡǰˮɽѾӣֻ֮ǰΪĳǸ޷ˮɽһֽƵʧѾԳͨ衣
ƿرһ˵練ƣһ̣ѾǿĶռ䡣
һˣҪض䵽Ŀռ䵱Уһֽһ磬һ˿׿һôĶռ䡣
Ȼ󲿷ֵĶռ䶼һֱջƣһαװ̧֣֮ͬһץһ޴ޱȵӥצХ£žžһ죬̳УռѾץ˸ϡá
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ƵȷһͨҲϳˣȴòϣѧѧһˮɽȴΪԭ򡣡˵£Ժ˵Ϊ̽ѰİأżȻõһһͨ滯취
˷ɷֳɷͬСɣֲͬԸΪɱ¾աǡ
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һΪԬ̿գȻҪı壬ܣԬ̿ոǰ
괫滯취ģںˮ·ˡ
ȻǶ֮ǡ
ǶԷʮǰԼ֮䣬ڴˣǰҪΪ˳ҪԷĹҸ顣


һ߾ һ죨
ʱѾĶռ䵱ͻȻɳһ⣬֮Ӧ죬жһŻ棬飬˲Ϣ֮仯һͷȥ
Ȼǵ֮֮ͨһϲ˽統У˼֮һЩ˸֮⣬ûܶ㿪Ҳûѡ
һʲôӵùԼĲ׽
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿǿһ⣬ʱ⵱ͻȻһˮˮɺײ
˲ʱ䣬ˮײѣˮӿٿ£ͬˮһ㡣
ԶѾɵۣһĻȻ˾ޱȣҪ֪λ֮ȻֻһҲӦڵΪˣܺͶԷˣ˵Ҳһλڵˣ
𾪣Ҳһ
Ȼܵסҵĵдɫ͸һ˿ɱԱ֮ǹһЦ֣֣ȿߺ˰ɣϲ˽УһҶʶ˵ˣˮء
ȻڴһҲЦãһŪ˭ٶҲ١
ȻҲ֪ߺˡ
ͼˮУһ˲仯һŻһ˴
ˣŲµۣͷϽڣƮȻһ߶೤ĻᣬԺһְ񲻶תǰвͬɫֱΪɫɫɫͺɫ
ٿˣһȾѳɡ
͵ǶˣɻȻǶʶˣϵϢ֡
һֽ۷ڵһ״Ҫһ£ǶԷڽڵ;
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Ȼϸ˵쾳Ѿǰ˾ŲʮҲԵ쾳ˡ
½쾳ǱҲǲ˺ܶ࣬ϾλѾ۷Ĵڣͨ쾳ֻǵĺ󱲡
Ƕ˲û̫⣬Ǹ߸ϵ̬
ߺˣʵ
ͼλһ㶣Ȼˣ֮ǰѾڵ֣ϲңλӦ֪˭ˡ
һĪһ̣ĵ⣬һ춯ĵ졣
ĵ޴󣬿˵ӭƮĸ棬ֱдšơĸ֡
Χ˶ʱһе뵽ʲôӶɳˣֵ˼㡣
ȻвѾʶλ˭ˡ
֮ɫ˿¶Źֵɫڵľ죬ҲһֺķˣֻľûͬʱһϹҲԣʮǰһ˶ȡľ۽ĵһľ켯һ˽ʲôš
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Աߣ֮ЦСˣôˣ㻹أˣ΢
һ˵һ߿ǸˣŴֿ˿֮ζ֮ɫ
˿̣֮ѾһƬǼ΢ģ˵΢֮;죬Էľ֮Ѿȷˡ
ðȻ㣬벻ʮ꣬Ȼڣ벽ľ磬˲ã˲𣬿ϧҲֹֻڴˡʱǰһ˵
ڶʱȷӺˮɽײɳλˣȻ΢Ǹʧʮľţ˳ǧŵһˡ
ΧУҲмǵμӹ۽ģ˿ٴμ΢һţ˱ʧǡ
벻벻ʮʱ䣬Ҽǵʱ΢ǿҲֻڣڣѾǿԺ͵֮ķ࿹Ĵڣղŵ֮˵Ѿǰ벽ˡ
벽죬ͻ죬ֻ޽ӽѣҿҲδǵ֮Ķ֡
һв˵
뷨ȻһУΧͬҲƵͷҲǼʣʵ˱ˣ֮֮һ˼쾳ˣʮ꣬ǰѾǴǵ֮ʮǰѾһ
΢ţΪٿ죬벽ѾǶˣôܶԿ֮


һ˩ һ죨ģ
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֮ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ͼҲǴһ˿ɱʵ΢мҪ㡣
ʣ΢һ飬ҲΪ˵ԷϾ֮۷Ĵڣָ֣ܲòҪ
ҵĵӣȻôܹǶҺҳϣʧ꣬ˮɽ֪鿪ʵ
ʵϣǰʧٵĺֹŮеԼˮˡ
鿪һʣΧڶҲǲҲûпڣ뿴΢ôش
ͼ΢Цõĺܣ֮Ҿͷˡ
˵꣬΢һѾǶһ֧ʡ
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ͼ΢һ˦ʱһīɳȻһŻһ̣ɳӰ
У
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֮⣬֮ǰͼˣҲˣŮˮ˵ˣȫɾڣξٺɽԼ
֮һǿ΢֣˼Ůѹ΢ûС
ȻԴ΢ͼ֮һ죬ȫס֮ʱҲûٱ΢Σʱ΢
ͿΧĻɫķ
һ̣һæǿ߼ȥİݵ
£ݼʦ棡
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ǱߣҲ֮ɫ
ǹȥǶοֲӣ΢һ֮Ǿͱһޱ߽硣
֪Լ˶ãٵаʱ䣬ãʱΪ޷
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Ϊ˵ȴû뵽΢ȻὫųһӦӣӵԽԶԽãţֻҪɽھͲûա
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ڵЩȤˣݵλӦþ֮飬ʱ򣬻ҲҴҳŶһаɭɭ˰ݵ
ʣԷ϶ǵ֮
Ҳ˵֮ȻȥֻǷѣֻǷҲӦڡ
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˿һתֻǺ˵ȫȻ󾲹䡣
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ҲǱ˺ü꣬Ҫúܶ࣬Ǻȫɾһ𣬶ǱһƬڰС
ӣҲģҲǱֵ㹻˳ӡ
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˿֮ѯʣ̵΢죬΢ƭﲻ⣬
ʲôķŭˣû뵽ԼصȻ΢Լǿء
ղ΢ʵսʦʱͿ˶ߣԬ̿յֶͨΣͼԬ̿ջƵģԣԷһЩֽţԼ֪
˿Ԭ̿ѾǿգԬ̿յͨǵòģԬ̿յĴУȻ΢ϡ
ðҾȻǱԬ̿պ΢ְһ΢ңͷ֮ޣ˿Ѿɱ졣
ڵǱߣ΢Ͳµ棬š˿ǿ飬ڵ֮ҵìܲʲô£⻯⣬Σ
Ȼ΢ǴȰסϾ֮ķֹԼҲ鷳ڻṳ̂쾳΢˵ΣԺܴ
ʦ΢¾Ҫڣֻȴֹ
ˣ΢Ҫɱ㣬ɱˣ㲻ǶĪǴ𱨣ʱ򿪿˵


һһ һ죨壩
֮һ仰ѾǱ̬ȣʱǲԼ뵽΢͵ìܵС
΢ֻһ۷壬Ȼˣ΢Ѿǰ벽죬鿴ֻҪ΢̤һǾ쾳ˡ
ǵã˽Ѿܾúܾûµ쾳ˡ
βɫҲĳЩƵ۷壬ֻһ˵˽粻ʮˡ
һˣȻôʱɳزһһʼ͵˵֮ǰ£ʵǲ˼顣
Ƿ֮£³
΢ϱȻʲô֮ųʲôվûи֮ǰǲҪĺá
˵΢һС¸ֵһᣬŮǸ϶㡣
Ǳߵ֮Ȼǿ鲻ͽҲνҪԸһ΢Ҫֱ֣˳ЦҲá
ӿ棬ɻˣ˲ǻһųҽӿ졣
΢ǱߣȫɾҲûŪʲô֮ǰڱˮ®ȴ΢û뵽һѾǵ硣
ȫɾҲмʶģһǰɻˣ֪ǵ֮ķϾȫɾҲ˽˺ܾãһûУҲͰ׻ˡ
ͼЩ꣬ȫɾڣڡξٺɽΪͻͽΪд­ԵʣټһЩĹԴʱ䣬ںξٺɽѾڵΪȻǵΪȹֻ̣ҪĥΪȹ̣ҿ­н۷ҲǿԤġ
ΪҲѾǵڣҲȫɾѹǵٶȣĴУǼ­ǿǽ۷ġ̫죬ҲǺ̫Կãžȴ
ˣҲЩͣ˿̼Χ׼΢ͬӭУֻ̾ͱȫɾһԡ
˲⣬ȫɾ˵ǣҲ岻֣Ҫȥֻ΢ңǻһԿűȽϺá
ôᣬںôҲڵΪﲻæҲϺȡȻЩͨΪ˿԰΢ԱξٺɽҲһ֪࣬ȫɾѰˣȻô˵һô˵ĵ
ȫɾҡͷǿ֪ǻ˭
˭ʵ
ǵ֮ķ֮һ˵еţ˳׵ۣǵ֮Ϊķ֮һΪӦѾˡȫɾ˵
궼ǵһһȻһΪ֮Ҳ̫ˡֲȫɾȥڵΪһ˶ս³ֻ·һ
ǵĵǣ΢ܲܵס׵ۡ
ٿ΢Ծ޴Ļˣɫ䣬ֻǵʮǰ쾳磬Ϊ۷壬ǵ֮󣬶΢񻹲һڣ㣬ɸ̤һ
΢̬ͳȣѾΧ˶
ԭܼ򵥣΢ԵĿǵ֮ķڳ֮ˣͬΪ֮֮⣬˭ʱ˴ݲȣ
̬ǿ־ټˣҲģޱȡ
еȻҺǱ̾һŮȻвҲ˼
ڱǰ߸ϣǰֻһū͡
ǶԶЦ΢΢ٹ򶨣ʵϵĲ໹һԽǵңΪ̤һô׵ģôףϲ˽Ϊ궼ûµ쾳˳֣΢ұ㿴ô
ȻѾǶ΢֮ǣƶ֮ȻԽޣֻ뿴΢
Ц
Цǵ֮һЦҲʼЦĺħˣ֪΢֮󣬳𾪣ȻϲûǵĵλҲˮǴߣһֱ߰ǰĺħʱҲǳ΢ӣȻҺ͵˽֮ǰһƭˣ벻Ȼ޳ܵĲҹɽˣܽ۷壬ȫ˵Щȫ࣬Ƕ𱨣㣬ڵǰԾ


һ˶ һ죨
ң΢ʲôҲֱҲõ˵ͻƣͻƵ㵱ΪôͻƵģԱ߻Ҳŭ˵˵΢ĺޣһ㶼˿̿΢ȫɾβ֪΢ľֵС
Ϊˣܵ𷣣˵޲̽΢ɱйͷ֮ޡ
һʱ֮䣬΢ʸ֮ģڶ˿ʷǽ˵һ֪ܣĿСˡ
΢ҡͷһʻһ̣Ȼֹڶһͷ
ͼǼ춼ˡ
ڶΪԼۻ۾ٿȷûˣħ˴˿̶֣ǵǱʲôĨȥһʧһһһ
̫΢ʱֱʶǿŶ޴Ļ˵ڶҲԣ㱾岻ڴ˴ֻƾһڵķκβҡ
Ǳŭ˭߸ϵĵ֮쾳ˣʱ˵ӹ΢ȻҵԼĲ¶֡
ջǣ΢õͨԬ̿յʦҲΪʹ޵һͨ
ã΢֮͸һᣬ˵Ҫ̤һҾ̤û㣬һŪã첻ɷɱǰ̫ˣôˣҲΪҡ˵꣬ȴ΢ϱȻܣöԷʩչԬ̿վСӶٺô
˵ʵ΢Ԭ̿յļɵ
ˮɽǸ쾳Ԭ̿ղף΢Ԭ̿յĴУִˮɽ⵱л᲻ʲôϵ
ΪŪе࣬΢ȥ̤һͬ˵ģôģ
룬һҲ˵ϡˡ
첻ɣᣬǴ󲿷ҪͻƵ쾳չޣ΢ԼˣǵʡĶˡ
΢һЦûж˵ʲôڿն¿ȥ
벻֮Ȼ΢ȥͻ죡
ҿδǺģ˭֪룬΢ô죬ȻȣңӦûѰ꣬ǧʱȹΪȻ¾㱸ٽͻƣ˲ʣʮа˾Ҫʧܵģ֮ǽ֮ɱ΢
ǰЩ֣΢Ҫ죬˵һӦȥһС磬˲ɹܵʲô
ȻʲһУ󲿷˶Ĵɻ
Ȼ֪쾳һͻƣһɻ
ԣ֮ʱͫһ뵽һֿܣͼͷһ֮ɫЩŵĪǣ΢Ҫģ˽磿
󣬵вˣ˲ʱ䣬ȻȻ־塣
ܣ˽ô죿
ԣ΢е㳣ʶ˶֪Ҳǿǿǿʣ˽Ϊǿ΢֪Ҫ˽ɣ
ˣֱǷˣͺһֻ̰ԵϣһɽһʳҪһ£ⲻѰ·΢ԭѾˣȻֻжʹˡ
ɲǻжôŰɣ΢˽죬ɣ˵ûⱾ£Уڶô
ͬһˮ̵͹˿ըˡ
˿һ̣ͼ΢һ˲䣬ˡ
ԭշ·Ĩȥһʧ٣֮ϣ޾ڰ
ڶ˶һ𾪣ţſ־֮ɫȸ֣Ҳһʱ֮䱻ǰһĻ˵
ôˣ⡭ط룬΢ôѵĽ𣿡ɴ۾¿ţʣͷ֮ϣֻһƬڣǲǺҹеĺڰһ֣һӣݶ˲䱻նȥһ
ǿһ
Ǻˮɽ磬˽綼ˣ֪˾ޱȣĩս٣Ǿ˲ٸ֣⼸֮ҲأЩŵĿһĻ
ڣ𾪵Ļû֡
Աī죬Աīء΢ŵһʡ
һ£ءɽҲʧ١
ڰ֮У಻ϣƺʲôҪɫīΣȻڰī罫ظ룬棬˳
һ̣е˶оһϯһʱ򶼸оЩġ
Ǵˮ̳һоʮֲʡ
Ƭֻ̣ǺܾãգǺͣЪһ£·ڰеһ㣬˲΢ϡ
ͼ΢Ͻҫ·һΣһ磬ַ·˲Ϣ̥֮ǡ
ллȫ΢˵˵꣬һʻ֮ĺڰƬ֮ʧ٣ع


һǧٰʮ 
󲿷˶ղŷʲô飬֮䶼һƬڰ֮Ǿ˿ֻŵС
֮ǿΪ˽Ӱ죬Ӱ۵ʲôطڣǸոգӰûˡ
һԽΪͨҵĹȣһ˻Ѻܳʱ˽ƸͻȻһ죬ʧˣˣˣȻ֮ǰһеĹ򶼱ƣ˷֮䣬˵һ
˵ǻԵĴûгþʧˡ
ȵ֮ĸɫʧ֮ڶ˲ػ»صˮ˽ٺͷ
̣Ҳֻ֮͵֮
벻벻΢Ȼԡʧ˵ʵǲ֪ôеĸ룬˵棬˵ȥˡ
һ仰˵
̫ˣ΢Ȼһǰδеķһһ΢Ļ˴磬Ϊһñɣ΢ɹˡ
Ϊˣ˵Ϊ֮ǰ붼뵽Ľ
ٿ΢Ȼ֮ǰӣѾȫͬ
ǰδеһ쾳벻Ҫɱ죬Ϳ̤һȻˣ֮ǰƴƴΪɾ͵ľ磬ǶǴģɻִһãȻȻĳֳ˼С
Լ΢ַʽļ죬Ĵж
һλ֮ˣ͸˵ˡѾɵǻ붼벻һ֮ǰԼɱˣȻڶ̶ʱΪһλ쾳ˡ
б˼ô
Ǹоһ£ҿ֮Լ΢ԹȻԼ΢³֪жˡ
ŮҲ⣬λȥ֮ϼԼԲٸԼˡʵǲ˵ŮҲˣŮȻ᲻ͬɵӣ쾳ζʲôһֻҡ
ǾǻԵĴ
ô΢ôᡭôᡭӶɳˣıԶǣƺһλʧˡ
쾳ǿ쾳΢ôʱͿǽⲻϳҲǰδе顣
Ǹղţ΢ʲôһ㶼Ҳ
ڵ֪ƾԼҪ΢𣬸ǲܵ飬ԼΪͻͽΪ۷壬˼쾳΢һָͿԽԼɱ
Ǽˣûߡ
Ϊϣ֮Զ֣ոս΢ɱ˿̿ƺڷ㶣ʵǱеļĥܲˣȻǿں΢Σˣ˵ö֮е֮ڴˣҪɱ㣬練ơ
ⷬΪѵ֮ţ΢ոսȣҲֻڣ֮ķڣҪԸ΢Ӧò⡣
ֻһͷǾ΢ȥ
һмΪԣڶ˶Ѿں΢Ҳǿ˹ȥȻҡҡͷȻѾ䵽ֵز֪赶ɱˣϧעҪʧˣҽʱ͵͵ߣ㻹ԹӲдȴˣԣɣһҲҪ㳹ģڳ֮ˣɱҡ
˵꣬΢һ㣬һͨշ˲䵽ǰҲ۷һĴڣֶθ˿ûκεֵ֮
һֱӻϵĻȻһű֮˲佫⡣ֻǵ۾ǰһУѾǶá
ܶҲһס
΢ͨҪסѴ֮
һУ΢Ťͷ֮ķѿһ㻹Ҫ֣ɡ
⻰֮ǰ˵ԻЦһ̣΢죬ΪΨһˣ˵ⷬѾû˸Ц
Ϊ΢˵⻰ʱ
ٿ˿ϵıҲָȷǾȣ£ΪѾ۷壬֮Ҳ۷һ΢ոս죬˵ʵȻǲ硣
Цһòм΢ҳǿ󣬵Σҹɽʮ꣬Ӧñ˭ҵΪڣͿڱǰ𣿡


һ ն
΢ȫȻ壬ͷıڵȻǶ֣Ҳ˵ˣʮԱ˭֮ڣı岻㣬㱾岻΢ֺξ֮У
һΣĿɿڴ
ô֪ѵ뵽ʲô治˵ˣʵҲͬ΢˵ȷڰ֮޷Աֻ¼֪΢ô֪ġ
ܶԷô֪ģ֪˵棬ֻԼ֮ķԸ΢
ȻҲֻڣͽģʵǿҪԸոս΢Ӧûֵġ
΢ոս죬ȣҲһͨ似ԼӮܴ
뵽죬΢Ƕ˵棬죬Ȼ죬ƫƫҪնɱڴˡ
˵̧꣬һץǰɻһѻ泤ն£˲ն΢
һ֣ƿ֪Ϊ˲ƻΧֵʱѾΧųһ޴
ж֣Ӱ죬һ֣־ͿԻһУ棬ǵȷǾͬһ㡣
һԽһɽնҲ׵նɱһλ۷һˡ
΢Ҳڣ⡣
΢һûٶʦ֮ǰʦ죬Ȼɹˣʵ϶΢ʦмˣʱ΢ʦ
΢ֶڶ࣬ʦҲǭ¿
ͼ΢ӱγɹŽŽӿɱȻɹŽҲо˵֮ϢɹŽ˵֮ɱ̫֣ĳУһ̣ɹŽӿɱֱǱɱѾ죬γɺƣֻ
ĽѾǴﵽһƷʣԶ̾˵΢ĽһഫԻҪš
һѽϵɱ˵һˣ΢ôȡôһѿֲɱġ
ܵϵɱ궯΢ְһ£ɹŽĪձܽնˡ
˵̧һӿͰɻնĻ浶ײһ
汾Σһǵסģ΢ɹŽȻǵסˣҸǽ澡ն
˿һĻʧ̾һѾﵽ˽߾磬ɽƱ䡣
һȻǽǬ׾ͽĹ߽⡣
ֶֻνžˡ
֣ħ˸˲䣬΢ֻоһȣ·ͻȻһ¯ҼҪ˲
΢Ȼ治ɫھҪѵĻ䷨ὣһ˲Ϣ˰ɾ˵ͷ
ɹŽħޱȣ޽⣬Ψնʩ֮˷ɻ⣬һնС΢ʵ
ش΢߹ŽһòϢ
ã
΢˵ӽնȥ
һϴűɫƣͬϫѵٶȸǿ쵽£ɲ֮䣬ʹӰɻ˵ͷ¡
˲䣬޴Ļ˱һնΪ⻹㣬΢һ˽µĴأԶɽ˽ڷһУ
һնǧ
΢һˮ淨Żٻնεİɾ˲ϵĻͱն
ˣһΪλôǿ֮һ㵣ʵڲţ˲֪µķȻ΢һסֻȻ֪΢һк̶ܴϣǿ߹Ž
Ϊ̫ɹŽԸҲҪ֮ɱô꣬Ϊһ
һն֮߹Žά֮ǰɷԺԶԵУɹŽںҪãȵģһ
ɾ飬һķҲס΢һ
һ졣
һ̣΢е߹ŽҲǿʼƣɹŽȻƷ׹ߣһɱıϾһһ˷ǱһնΪˣɹŽҲǸ㹻Ĵۡ
˿̣Ҫ飬΢ʵսһ䷨ɹŽס˽ڱ飬ȴû
΢Ǻαءһ̾ϢɹŽ
΢һЦҲսôãñܿ𡣡
Ȼ΢Ϊ˾ȻؼɹŽҲǸһĴۡ
ˣɱ̫ģɻ˷ɱǱ˳𣬴ӴԺɹŽѾ׷̫ȥµģֻƣӴˣұơ
ɹŽҲƣ˿̿˵˵û΢ſһ޸ԴȻƽȡȥһͼС
һͼʺһʱգƽӦÿԻָս


һǧٰʮ ɱ
΢նɱ֮һҲֻɲ֮飬˵ʵû˻΢Ӯ֮ڣڸոս΢ȻǸķ
ȴ˶û뵽ģ΢ӮˣһӮ˵ļ򵥣˵Ŀ٣һͽǰɾͬǧﷶΧһжն
֮أﶼһΪ
ôҲţ΢㲻ôǿΪʲôΪʲôĲңΪʲô΢ȻӮ˵֮ķС
Щǰһĸһжġ
΢ȷǽ˶ޱȵ쾳Ȼֻǳڣ쾳һ޴ǵֶ۷ͨˡ
ﵽ۷߾磬޷쾳Ტۡ
˷ŭͲʣо˾ºͿ־塣΢˵˵֮ķͻҪ
٣ôˣʼӿѪҪʩչͨƿһ⡣
ֻȻ΢ɾ֮ʩչѾƿģѾ˼ȫ޷ѡ
ڳˣѾƿԣ֮ǰ΢Ļɣмͼʣ˿ȫ˿־;η
΢֮ķնɱһž԰ȺֵۣǾηˡ
΢һȻһ̤˲͵ǰ
㻹ʲô˵΢ʵĮϲƽžһ㡣
ԽˣԽ־塣
΢Ҳ뿪Լʮ꣬ʮԺս𣿵ʱȻҪ㣬𣿡ʱѾ񣬲͵͵ŪֶΣҪ΢һ·
΢ҡͷ˵ʮ꣬Ǹһ꣬һǧ꣬һ꣬ҲҵĶ֣ңҲٸᣬ˵֮ԣֻǵʱڸģˡ
˵̧꣬һָ
ŵ۴Уֻ΢ֻٿյһ£Ȼתߣޱȣܿ췢֣Լû¡
ңϵıҲˡ
ûᣬʱ߸ʱпϲ¾ҪһѪ뿪ʱȴ΢䣡
䣬͸оŵз·ͻȻȼһ㣬һɳȣ޷ܣǲҽһˤڵϡ
΢ʲôҽеͼѪ͹ðؿó죬·һŻԽԽ
Χ˿Ķľ΢ʩչģ֮ǰ֮ʩչôʱ΢Ҳ治ɫ½֮ķնɱӶƽ
һΣ΢ͬԸȴֻӣһսûУֻشյĲҽвֹ
䲻Ƿ壬꣬΢ôõܲһ
ҽгƬ̣ûˡ
˿ڵϣѾ˽̿ﵽӿ޳Ѫ壬˿̣ǵֵסĿֲ
ˡ

ǱľʱѾޱȣִҪ΢Կģһˡ
ʱ֮󣬾ʵҲδĶ֣ôһ֣Ȼס΢һС
룬΢֮ķˣһд⣬ֻк¡
΢Ҳһս֮˽綼֪΢ӽһֻһԱ
ķ˿ҲɫȻҲֻǾȶѣΪѾ۷壬Բη΢
˲ֲʹ˰ݣգȻ٣Ѱ𡣡ʱ˵Ҫ΢ķӦҪ֪΢ǲĲ¡
ʧˡ
΢Ȼûκξ£һĲûУֻǵҸոѾ˵֮֮޷ʱ䣬΢޵۷壬ʱֺξ֮У
֮ǰ΢˵ⷬԻᱻЦǻΪ΢ʵڴţƤ˵˵
Ǵ˿̣΢һ֮ķɱӵ۷ΪӵѪɱ΢˵⻰Ѿû˻΢ڴţƤ
Ϊ΢Ļпܻ
ʱһЦȻˣҸ˵Ѿ˵ˣ֮䲢δгԹ֮䲻Ҫƴһ
΢ͷ˵ĲϣһѣܱȶһҪá
˵úá˵꣬ʹ뿪΢ȴǰһ


һ 
ͷһȴЩõôҲһϸߵͣ
ȷȻ΢½쾳ʲôͻ£ǾûбҪһֵһСìʵڷϣ΢֪ҪսҲ
΢ǿҲֻڣεˣв顣
Ĳ΢ǵһЦ
Ҫģ̡
һҲ֪΢Ե޹ʽסԼԾʣˣʲô̡
΢Ҫ˵ģȻǹڶݵ顣
˶֪֮͸Ҳ˵Ƕݵӵߡ
΢ĿģȻҪҪضݡ
£΢ǳĳ⣬ȥȻ˵ˣȫ
üͷ
Ƕ֮ض˵ʵϻǺҪģһƳ鵤Ϊ
Ҳ鱾Ҫ飬ô΢鵤Ӻδȡ
Ȼֻ鵤Ҳر⣬صǣ΢˵ҪضݣӦø㣿
ƾʲô
ô㣬˻ο֮
˵֮ǰ΢һСͻ벻ķۣô£Ѿˡ
¶ҪҪ֮ϡǣ΢ոնɱ˵֮ķҪԼ˶ԷΪԼ΢
Уô΢Эô֮ҲΪԼ΢ᣬ鷳顣
Σ֮أǲỹ΢ġ
뵽Цҡͷˣ˵Ƕ֮Уȴţֻ֪ҵҵ񡣡
˼Ѿʮˣܾ΢Ҫ
΢ޱ飬һ䣺΢Կңлر
ЦһһҪĻر΢²ҪˣѾһˣ󲿷˶ǣ̫ԶֱһȺϣֺαΪȺϷķ
΢һۣȻͷתȥ
ߣҲˣӦ֪֮֮Ϊĳԭ޷ԲŻ֮ΪУңȴǲҡа⣬ص㲻ݣʽܾ΢ĿͿάĵλ΢ҶԵΪУȴް취ҪľЧ
ֻȻ鲢֪֮ͻΪ޴ľ׷Ī
˵΢صȫɾԣŶ⼸ŹĿ⣬һЦ֮£ʱ޷ҲҸող죬޷ִڿ⣬ֻȵȵȣڴ֮ǰҺһȥһҹɽ
ȥ󼧳ȫɾ۾һ
΢ͷһ̣ͼ΢һһӿ֣̤ţƬ֮뿪˺ˮɽҹɽ
΢ٶȣȺħ˶Ҫöࡣ
֮ķѾ΢ն𣬼˵û赲΢
Ͼ΢Ҳǻʵһˡ
ȫɾ˶ǼޱȣȻ޷̷ض΢Ѿǽ죬ϲ˽磬ҲѾĴڣҪ˶ãǾͿԹķض
ڵһȽ󼧾ȳѾ͵ַˣҲںʲôҪǣڵĵ޷΢
֮ķѾ΢նʣǼһĵܶ΢κв˵ǲڣڣ΢ˣǸҲҳһ⡣
һ·˹һգҲ֪ôģķǳҴӸոտʼվЩԾ
֪һʲôҪˡ
⼸ͬһūȻҲ뷨ӳȥʣûᡣ
һϱ˽ƣߵŮУһǵ֮ķ
Ϊߣ㲻һҲ޼ţôӣ
ӲˣǱȣҲ
κʱǸŮޱȣǽ죬ڸղţ󼧷ע⵽ǸŮϴžźͷŭ
һ·а롣
󼧿ʼ͵͵ռһЩͲϲ󷨣ЩȻ˿ȸһ㱻ϾΪǹʼ棬͵͵һЩͲϲѡ
˿ָ̣оԽԽǿ֪ҹɽбһԺķеĲϣóһʮɷ󷨡
󷨿Աһıڣţǵ֮ˣҪƳҵҲûһЩʱ䡣


һǧٰʮ 𾪣һ
ò˵󼧵Ĵϻ۾Լողú󷨽֮󣬾⴫һ졣
һ֮²ѡ
ѵ˴ˣа뵽ʱӵűֱײǸʮּɵǵ֮ŮȴżնײײĴ˽
ͼŮŤɱﻹ죺Ҿ֪΢뽫Ů˴ߣҾǻҲ
̶ͬһ㡣
һ̣ŮͿʼħצץ󼧡
Ҳҿ󼧲ú󷨣һžž죬󷨽ħצֵŮʵȻֲޱȣʱڻ޷󼧱塣
־ϲȻŮҪɱԼϲǣ΢ˡ
ͬʱ߽һˣ΢̧һն֪ʲôͽŮֱնɱ
֮ǰŮ΢ȴǷ·һ㣬Ůȫնʧ١
һ΢΢ȫɾҲڡ
΢û£Ҳ˿һץƳ󼧲µ󷨣Ȼ˹
˴˵ĵطҹɽϾǵ֮ĵ̣һбĵƣ̫ߡ΢˵꣬ʩչͨ˼Ųƣ͵һɽˮ֮ء
ȻѾԶҹɽ
󼧿Ŀɿڴʮǰ΢ΪҲǸոڣڣ΢ΪѾɲ⡣
˽һŲôԶֻһõ
΢㡭ˣ󼧿ʵ
΢ͷ֮ǰҪվþòȻ΢ΪȫͨβҪƴɱģ΢ԼЩ꼸ֹǰȻ󼧸оΡ
΢Ҳ֪룬͵ھΣҳֽߣҲᱻ֮ڲǻʱ䡣
΢˵ȳֻǵһҪģʱһŵأʵ
΢þΪֻнڣʸʱԼһĸĿ⡣
ڣ˼ұһ΢ͶԸˡ
Ͼ죬΢ҲҪˣѾԴԼ˽硣
΢֮󣬶ʱڣͿԴһԽдڵ
Ժ˾ŵȼ硣
΢ڻһҪǾȥͼ磬Īаӳ
ʮǰԬ֪̿ԼѵԲǰ΢ͼ磬һĪаҲͼԹС
΢ȡԬ̿մ֮ЩҲȡ֮ǰ΢ĪаԼûԱڲͬˡ
΢Ѿڵˣ˽ҲĴڣѾԽĪа
Ҫǣ΢֪ͼ챦ͼԬ̿ջƵͼ磬⻭統УԬ̿䱦Ƹ΢Ҫ˽緢չûԴɲɡ
ֻҪΪ㹻΢ͻ֮Ҫݣʱ򣬶ԷӦҲôӦӦҲôӦ
鰲ٺ֮΢һʻ챦Ż롣
챦һ޴ޱȵԹԹ֮аǧ㣬ÿһ㣬ͨ۸ӣΪУûָ㣬Ҳܴ˵ᱻһֱ档
Ԭ̿ĪаȥһΪ˱Ͼ˿Խ뻭磬ҲԹҵĪа
˿΢վھ޴ޱȵԹڣڴ޴ʯӿ硣
Ԭ̿յ챦ͬСɣ˵Ԭ̿ͼһ֮ڣ챦統еԹʱᷢ仯ģеʱͬ磬ÿʱԹᱻػһΣĲֶ᲻ͬڲ֮ˣóȻУһҲܻᱻ档
΢ѾԬ֪̿챦еʦ¹һͼ
΢Ҫʲô΢Ҳ챦κθĶҪڴŰϵЩ·
ԹĲ־棬Ҳֻ΢ʦ߿Կö
֮΢˿Թػʱ䣬ĸʱ΢˵㹻ˡ
΢룬𣬿޴ޱȵԹдС
΢챦Թ֮ûã˽磬ˮɽϵ¼Ÿոմ˽硣
ڶ֪ˮɽзһЩ֮󣬶Ŀɿڴš
ˮɽĽûˡ


һ˰ 𾪣
͵٣֮Ǹͨ΢ȻͻȻ֣һֱݲҹɽ
ⶼҪҲĵġ
ĵǣ΢Ȼֳ죬һֶصķʽ쾳硣
һ㣬Ҳˡ
ЩϢѾ㹻ˣĻں档Ǹոս쾳ֻڵ΢ȻǺ͵֮ķսһǽһն
Ҫ֪֮ķҲڵĴڣȻǱ΢һն𣬹ֶΣǽһ֮û˭΢Ķˡ
һսһս
һڣһϢ֮𾪣þò
ôˣϢ˿һҲһҪ֪Ƶ۷һˣ˽Ҳǽ쾳֮µĴڣ˵ûʲôʧ
Լã΢Ϣ𾪡
һ˿ɫһ˿Ȼһ˿οǰζȫ֮ŵû£ȥ
˼æ£һȻҲ˵΢飬һ͵ʦ΢죬ҵҲҪѡвԥˡ
Ȼɵ΢Ϣ֮סˡ
һ֣һԣȻŵû뵽΢ȻĲ֮ˣŶ꣬ʮǰŲڣһڣʱ˭Ϊʮ죬벻
ʦѾõµϢ΢Ѿǰȥҹɽĸ󼧾˳ʱ΢֮һҲնˡ켤˵һսʱǴһܼ˽磬ȴǳĸ󼧱ץ߶ΪҶ£ֻܱ
ǱסԼʵң
΢Ϣ֮Ҳ̲סһ顣
΢ѳɣǾӦͶ΢֮ƣһ֮ƣһлջض֮ءԽ˵Խ˷ܡ
һɫ΢䣬ҡͷס
һ㶣Ϊ⣺ʲôףʦѾǿǵ̫ˣ΢ǵʱҲڿǣ˼˼Ǹأһûκηչ統ƣҲ١΢ڣ̶ʮʱ˶˾̾飬ѹ֮ƶ𣬳ɾ֮ԥһԴ
һⷬҲɫһ䣬˼Ƭ֮󣬲̾˿֮˷ҽҲΪ£˵ĲЩΪһڶհǰ˺޷չȴǽһˣһͬ˽΢Ѳ죬ǰȥһڣȥͶ΢ɡ
һȾϣҲǼޱȡ
ˣ
һ΢΢һЦȻֵȥ΢ǰһڣӴ֮һΪ𣬴һڸλϽ
켱æͷȥ
֮һɫȻڹ¡ϣľϵһֱһǺͺٻֳǿӲһ棬һΣڳϷԣһҲ̬ȼĽ¶
Ȩ־һڣһ˵ģҪǷ΢Ϊ붼롣һһڳ̺мҲǳ͡
һȴǲȥǳһۣ£Ѿ
һڹʥ㶨Σ˶רУͲȥǳŭв
һʱſһ۶ԷȻ£һǰʥõ
һ£ǳ˵ˡ
ãⳤһΪ֮ȥһͬ뿪Ļмˡ
һɲΪ´һȻ󲨣˿̣һѾԵʥõʥ֮
ɡ޴翵Ĵ֮ڣһһ룬֮ڣһС磬ϵ˹ʥ֮ıӣеˣѾڴ˰꣬ǧϡ
Сߴһ޴ޱȵӰ
Ӱһʥİ£ʥӿ֣Զ΢Ц˼Ĥ֮⡣
λʥ֮䱾ɣΧʹ߱͸
һ״һ
ԭһıһֻ֪ˣ֮١


һǧٰʮ һܷ
һе˴˿һʥ֮½٣Ӹ£ŵһ֪⣬һǱޱȣ˭㣿˭㴴һڣ뱳ʥɳ𣿡
һ̾Ϣһһ̣ûԭԥһױȵĶ
˿̣ǵ괴һһɾ
ʥʹ֮ҵһδǣЩ±ҪΪұʥɽ³ͷʲôͷһȻܡһ̣һѾ
һΪ˭ʥʹŭɶΪʥһʥʹΪѾڣʵǿʥУֻǱ֮Ҫһѣ˿һۣһץץסһʥס
һҪʥҪܾǧŰپʮŵʥ֮׺壬ǸңܳŹȥҾ㡣ʥʹʱʼŻһţһ϶֪ʥ׵
ǵһΪٸߣҲԳܲסӽʥ׺壬ʥʹ϶һ֪Ѷˡ
һ̣ԶҲͶĿ⣬Ҫһѡ
ͼһɫ䣬ǹһ񣺡֮ΪһʥͷҲӦʥʹʥףҵһܡ
㣡ʥʹŭû뵽һȻڤ粻飬ѵԷ
뵽ʥʹãȻ㲻£Ҿͳȫ㡣
˵꽫ʥһף˲䣬Ž׹â£һһµĺڵһϡ
һȻôվԭأҲ赲Ҳܣôʥ׺
䲻첻ϡ
ΧͽҲ׷׿ϾһĻ̫ˣһȻΪѾ۷壬ʥȴҲСƣһٵһѾҡҡ׹Ѫۡ
һںڻüڣ̾ջʥסʥʹ˵Ǹ˵һһᡣ
ֻǵһǱĿһԣĬĬ׵
䣬䣡
Χĵ涼Ѿ֧飬һһ
Χ˿ľһһ˴һ˵ΪͭƤǣҲסô
ǧʥ׺ȥһѾǲΣʥʹЩȥֻѾ˵ڣôջ
ͷȨڣ
һĪǣĴôʥʹ̲סʵֻû뵽һƢ˵ľǿ˿̾ȻһԣӣƺƴŲҪҲҪǾǧŰپʮŵʥ׸ȥ
룬һѾվסˣֳŴΣǽҧأһԡ
ˣֱˡʥʹҧгݣû뵽һľô󣬵ʱʥʹҲͣ£ǻһҲͣ¡
ٵ֮ԶһжǴһ
ˣΪֹһӽ쿪ʼһڣʥӽΪ֮ɡ
˵̧꣬һӣһɨ˲佫һɨʥõǷɹ룬һǴһڡ
һ˿̻Ѫã˿̣β֪ʥ֮ճȫ
лȫ
һԶһݣǳȴʥĹϵҲ䶯˽磬󲿷˶һڲǶҲһһܿһ˾ģҲֻһЩˡ
˵º󣬱૵ǰΪһֻһΨΨŵŵҵκ˵Ϻˣ벻˾ȻҲѪһ棬Ǵǻ۰ɣⷨʥ͵һУȻʥûгΪѣҲΪˣһЩ°һӣͽ΢ĸˡ
˵꣬뵽΢뵽΢ԼҪݡ
ȻʱԼܾ΢ҲҶ˵ֻǾʹ뿪¾ôˣ֪²ô׽
΢ƢԣֻҪʱ죬϶Ҫ
ȵһ΢ʱԼܾܾ
鲻֪ȥ⣬Ϊ뵽Ĵ𰸣ıȻͬ뵽ðһͷҪҪ΢
ͷһ;ԼܿЦ
ƾʲô΢ǶԼҪɵҩ̷Ϊģƾʲô΢ң΢ڲڣԼʮǧ˵΢˵֮˵ܿͻ䣬ˣֺα˶ӰԼĽ飿
Ȼվ˵ˣ΢һڣЩ˵ֵһᡣ


һũ Թ
Ժܿ죬֮ͽˡ
˿̵΢챦ԹСԬ̿һǿͼȻͬ죬΢쾳ˣﶼܵǿѹơ΢Թʮ˽⣬ٶȺܿ죬һµײԹ㣬粻⣬Īа
Ԭ̿սĪаŪԹΪ˱ĪаϾĪаյĵһӡ
΢ȴ֪顣
Ԭ̿ʲôˣ
ǵ֮ķ֮һԬ̿㹻ʱ䣬ԳԽıԶǵһˣ׵ͽ
Ԭ̿΢΢ԼҲѡģĪаҲǡ
΢֪Īа챦йʲôҵĪаӦþͿŪˡ
߹հƣ΢ԹпٴУһ·ϣҲ˲ٱĲ֪µˣĶУȻܶ඼ѾΪʬ
е껹ڣͳе궼ˡ
ȻЩѾ쾳΢˵ֵһᣬƷųʲôɢӣԲҿ΢
ڣ΢ײ
һ޴ޱȵĿռ䣬֮΢ǿǰһ
˲䣬΢ףԹڵˡԹԹ䱦ģԽҪĶԽпܱԹС
һʼ΢ҲôΪڣʵжϣͼ֮أһž޴ޱȵĻࡣ
һϵΪǿǿڵ΢Ҳ޷
΢֪һ̻˭ˡ
ֲãǵ֮һֱ壬Ӳ¶棬ԭȻǱ΢Ҳ֪֮ͬѰ֮ǰԬ̿ղ֪ʲôӽŪӡ֮ЩҲؾٹʱ䣬ԷͿ³ء
˿΢һɨͿĪа
ĪаΪѹһ֣һһ̻࣬ȻҪպǱĪаԾͳֹĪаΪ㣬޷һֱƻȥ޷նͬһҲ޷ͻƶ˫ôһ
һ֣ʮ꣬˿̣ĪаѾǵ;ƿݵľأǼֲ˶á
΢ԼļʱһʱգĪаǡ
΢̧һͽһɳĻնĪаΧһ΢ˣֱ̱ڵأڵʦܣˣСİħͬСɣȻҪͻʦ˵ķӡˡ
΢ͷǰĪаιһŵҩ
ҩģڶʱڻظͷĪаɫԻҲ׼ǰ
ĪаʦһϢƬ̣ҽʦֵ˵΢˵꣬ǴһϣĪа档
Ϊ΢Ҫһࡣ
Ȼǵ֮Ļ࣬ȻǷͬСɣ΢ǳɾڣҪ۷һĻҲޱȣȻǵýĪаȰٺá
Īаһ΢Ҫ࣬ŵɫһ䣬æʦֲɣ⡭ⶫͬСɣʦ˵Բƿֲµķӡ򡭡
ĻĪаûü˵΢Ѿǻ֮ƿ֮ǰķӡ
ˣĪаãֻǺܿͷ֣΢ȻǽǻѹţĪаЩľЩš
Ҫ֪֪ⶫģ꣬ʦԬ̿Ϊ˽ⶫ˵ɷѿģºԲƿӡ
˭뵽΢ȻԽⶫѹס
֮ǰĪаҲûע⣬ʱϸ۲һ΢һ۲첻ҪҲǽĪаһ
ĪаȻԼѾȫ޷΢Ϊ
Ŷ꣬ôѾʦܵΪˣңʦôܵĪаʱžòԾֻ벻ףֻȿţһ΢
ɹŽ΢ͼԴ˿̣õ׽׽ȻҲ΢ķȴǱȲɱɹŽ
΢ΪѾ죬ǿ֣ʩչͨҲԲֵͨܵġһν֣ӿ죬ǻȻΪϾ˱壬Ժܿͱ΢ѹȥ
Ȼˣ΢Ҳ֣ûĿԡ
ǵ֮Ϊĺ֮һԬ̿ղ֪ʲôⶫҲҿˣȻ֮ᡮչءôã΢ķҲûг֡
Ϊ࣬Ա岻ȫóȻϣԽ΢նɱҲܻᱻжԵ쾳˼˱ˡ
ҳٰ֮ڲҡ


һǧپʮһ 
΢룬ȻԼ޷ǾնɣѾǺ͵֮˲ĳУնԷҲν
գ΢֪ԼҪһɱ
ȻؾԽնʵ޷˵ľ
΢̳֣׽ԺˮΪնǧֱӽǾ޴Ļն
ڲ֪˶һصռ䵱УǴһŭ
ȫǻ棬ǵ֮֮˿ѾоԼĻ౻٣Ȼŭޱȡ
Ҳ֪ն֮˭
΢㲻ݡ
ŭ쳹ռ䡣
΢˿ն࣬ȴǶĪа龭һһϾĪаʮ꣬緢֮һŲ֪
ʦԬ̿ѾǱ֮Īаûбֳ̫ľȣȻԬ̿յʱҲ֪һЩ֮¡
֮´ĪаǴų޵УǿԿ¶ĳж
˵ʦѾһˡĪаͷãʦ궼޷ͻƵľ磬ʦѾɣŶʦ֮Ҳоο
ĪаԵ˵һ䡣
΢ҡͷЩӦöڱ̿ƵУʮǰͼʱѾƺýյˡ
ĪаһҲ֪
΢ʱȻȡľ۽һΪҲڣΪҪԿ͵ֱ֮ѻʯʱԬ̿հа֣΢δܻա
΢ڵͼ䣬ͷ棬Ȼ˵³ǻΪ߸ϵ
΢ʱڶ̶ʮ֮ڣΪ۷壿
Ϊ۷壬ܴһ
ںˮɽ飬΢ɺԬ̿йأĲ˵ͼ΢ֻпǳԬ֮̿֡
ںˮɽλһ˺Ԭ̿չϵǳ
źˮɽͼ΢Ϊͻͽҽ˲򵽿İأЩпԬ̿ķʡ
Щټ٣żȻǱȻʹȻֻǾǲǣ΢֪
٣ȥԬ֤̿ˣ΢ԸԬ̿հһС
һ㣬ĪаȻ΢ҪȷĪаУԬ̿վܵĴڣֹΣѾ˳ݵĵز
ʱĪаһȻ֮ǰһжʦµָôڣûʲôָʦܣңʲôҶȫԸ֧㡣
Īа˵Ļ΢ܿȻԼĻشҪĪаʧˡ
ûˣûָ͵Թ֮Ϊֹûָ΢ʮֿ϶˵˵Ԭ̿ԼĪаΪԼҵ࣬ôڣȷûʾָˡ
ն࣬Ҳ΢ԼԸԬ̿޹ء
úȥδӣȷûκεʾеһУ΢ϡ
ǰ΢ûʸ˽վȽŸģڲͬѾһѾ㹻Ϊ¡
ڣ΢۹ҲڴֹϿ˽統еĶ˾ŵ
΢һѾǺ͵ƲֱУҲǽڵ֮䣬Ͼ΢ҪҪض֮أ۶Է
ǲ΢ֻӲ
ҲǱڵĵˣ֮⣬Ѱ伣ԷҲӲ뵽˽УҲٳ
һڻʥ
棬Ϊһ壬һֻʣĴ΢룬úһͬˣ
ʥ͵ΪУǿȡ滹һһڣ΢Ҳá
ôֻʣ˵
΢Ƕȥԡ
ƣգ֮΢뽫Լƣ
ȵ΢Īаȥ֮󣬲֪һʥ飬΢һ֪һ͸ԼĴ
һھӪ꣬ҲǴ֮һԼ֣ȷʡ˺ܶ顣һ΢лʮǰһͦԼһҹ¾Ԭ̿мıҲԾԼ
Щ飬΢Ȼġ
˵Ϊ£һʥʥ׵ĳͷ
΢һʱȫɾ͹ĸѾڳ΢һŶɵݣǵϾµĴҲǵˡ
ֻһֻ̫̫Ѿ䣬䱾ԴѾ΢Ҳڳˡ


һŶ ΢ĵ
һҾͽʦܣʦܣǵͬţЩ£ҲֻǼͬһʱ˵
һҲǵһ̧һ˦Ⲽһ󷨡
Щ£Ҳͼλͬ˵˵΢ʱҲ˵һЩ飬ȷϾ顣
Ͼƺ֪֮Ҫȡ߶ݣԲŽ΢ƭȻ΢˽ˣ΢Ҳнճɾ͡
ֻǼȻϾ֪ԵɣΪβº΢ȥϾɽѰϾҲûн΢˼⡣
ýµϾǲ֪һ
΢һ˵Ҳһɻ󣬵ǵһȫɾ˻࿴һۣϾʱŶŵģһЩ飬Ƕ˲֪ʱϾ٣˵֮磬ֻǺûˡ
£΢Ҳв²⣬Ͼֻп˽ˡ
ʱϾ˵һ仰Ҳû˵˵ټƽþֻ̾ѡһ˵Ȼⷬеζ𣬾֪ʱϾҲȻһ
֮Ͼδ֣ԷҲˣֻеʱҺһ־˽̸۹Ͼɡȫɾ˿Ҳ˵
ˣȻޱȣ΢뵽ԼϴȥϾɽţҲ֪ȫɾ²ĿģϾԼʱѾɡ
ϾɽģҲֻһˣϾϾܿһˣҲǿġ
ֻǺΪԼ˽磬Ѿľһ˿ʱӦþѾɢ֮䡣
ͿԽͣΪ֮һȫսʱϾûгԤ룬ܡ
󣬵ϾʱΪǺεȸڵԼҲԲǶ֣ɵвϮĴڣ¿һָأҲӲ
ϾһͨԴ취ǿԼɵӵ΢ող죬ƷޣʵΣķ֮һǽһΪ˵ΪҪҵΪѴﶥ㣬ʣǼ֮ǰ΢Դ취˵ԴһΪӦúܿͿͻƵڣһڣѾʸ֮ȼˡһɾһ˵
Աȫɾ󼧶ǵͷȻ֮ǰѾǴһ¡
ֿԿΪķţŵκһϣһջ󣬶Եֵջ
ǵһջͻΪһҪһ磬Ѷ֮˾
һҪΪʱܾ͵㣬ʱпֺܻܶ벻⣬κ赲жһ
ΪУݣ̶ֳҪΪѶȿ֪
ʣ쾳ˣԴ취Ȼ΢붼룬ҡͷ˷ףҲŹ
Ϊʲô󼧼ˣʵ֮Щ֪꣬Ҫ˽粻裬ͱȻҪ֮ǰûУˣ΢ֻ΢Ϊȥάɵһϵ
һȫɾȻûʳҲ̧ͷ΢Ҫ΢˵
ͼ΢ڵԴ취ǶṦ֮ṥ֮ˣ⹦ȫʧԴҲѴ棬˵
ȫɾʱԭ΢ѾŪԴ취İһǴ꣬Ԫ꣬Ѿٱ뷲ˣʲô֪㣿쾳ҵֲϮǲٻΣȫ㡣
˵Σһ֮֮أ㲻֪ҵҲᱻɱȻˣʲô壿һҲ˵
Ҳ˵Ǳ΢ֹ
˵Ҷף죬ڲͬΪû쾳˵ЩƣһûУԴ취ȻʱΪΪʱڣҵļޣ෴ҼҵĵɾͱȻֹڡ˵ΪΪǵԴ΢ʲʲôˣ£һм΢˵ն
һ˻֣΢ѾҲֻܸпһΪͲȥˣ΢˾ٻʮָж


һ 
΢ĴӪһˣΪ£һ¿νǾһ޴𶯡
ΪˣвµڶȥȻΪһʥͶ΢½һʵ޴֮
Ҳд󲿷ֵӶѡЩȻţӽ쿪ʼǽ΢
չǴһҪͷһҲҪһ˵ѡһ˵ɱһѡ񣬴󲿷ִڶôġ
΢ҪϾ΢֮ǰ֮նˣ˭ƣ΢˵һһ룬նɱķڴ˵ֻһţе˻š
΢ԸһΡ
һ飬΢һΧˣһΪڣڴڵвǰУҲ٣ռˣҲԹ
һǷڰǰһһϴǧһӵ¼ӹȥˣһһһ֮Ҳ˳ȥ
һڵһ裬ֻʱӵĵͶĴڵλߣһǲԵʱһûӣֻ
΢£İ壬µˡ
ʱвçײԷڣ֮һɫĴڣçײ£ܿң˿̣һڵ´֮ڣһһڵĳǰԵ
һѾжȥ֮Ϊ΢ԼǳΪһڵһϣȻȫ͵ܣĸҲһڡξٺɽҲһڡ
΢˿ԵĳϣȻֿˣʵǣҲһ뷨𣿾õЩͽ鷳ԣһ²һ£ǲ
һڵĸ߲㶼㿴ҿ㣬֪˵ȻǻûƢ
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Ҳ뷨ֻǾΪ˷ԣҲֻ֮ܲ죬΢ᣬѾˡ
΢£һҲţ֪΢ѾһɳɵۣȻ˵һ˵ɳ˶Ե飬΢ӦãҲԥųе谭ȥ
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ȽԼȴǲ΢
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⣬ɷ˼
ĪҪԣȥš
΢۾һɣʱٸҷԣûӣ΢һˣ˭ҷ΢΢˾٣ڴ󲿷ŵӵжǿԻֵ֧ģϾ£һڵһĲһ衣
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˵ڶ죬ȫɾûдϢʱһȴһλ֮ǰݷá
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ݷΪߣûоһκˣȻֱӵ΢ǰ
Ȼ΢ǰԷεģֻǵȿԷǺ֮΢Ѿɱ
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΢ǵöԷϢԿȷԷݡ
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΢ҲǲڵԸ񣬶ԷҲǸҵ
ʲô΢ֱʵó֮ڵΪҲǱԼһѣֻڡ
˵ʵ΢ڵͨ£ǲ£΢зӽܡ
ڻشĻôֱӡ
΢Ȼ˵ĻȴǹڵϢʣȡ߶쾳ˣڡ


һ Żǲ
ȡ߶֮󣬱㽫͸֮鵱
˽˾֪
ǵڴ˾٣΢Ҳô鷳Ҫ˵΢еĵˣھһǺ͵֮޼ĳС
ֻû뵽ԷȻԼ붯֣
΢ЦҪ֣ԼͲˣһóûնɱ
ֻȻƺ鷳ģ΢ûдӶԷϿ⡣
ŲţҵȷģֻҪܣԳ֮⣬õ֪ʱ˵΢רо㣬ҳϣֱǳҵ󣬵㱻͵ͨʱһΪˣֻ˭뵽ȻгһտԽ죬ն˵֮ķ٣Ҳ
ֻ˵ЩķеĻҴˣǷңҲʲôôò΢Ҳǿ˵
˵ʵѣǷУ΢֪ѾУҲúõ֪Ҫ֮أܾˣ԰ɣڿڵò˵Ϣʮͨ΢ûзϣڣ˵ʲô
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˵ɫһ˿Ц΢һڵû뵽λѾ䡣
ԭҲ֪ΪԾұΪùû뵽΢Ȼһ·ն죬֪Ϣʱжˣж˷ܣ
ϵļȷǼٵġ
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΢һЦҡͷ˵ǲеϧҲ㣬ֳĿɳʣ᲻תǹͷԸҡ
Ҳǿ㣬ԸԸҺ΢ԼҲһˣʸƽƽΪˣҲŻ㣬ǰΪҪҲԽ˵óƺֵĲ⣬ʵϣȴ൱⡣
ֵ֮΢ڿǡ
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΢˼ܺڽ˹ȻǺ£Ϊ̫΢ȥֻǾܾʱ˵ŵȫɾˡ
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΢û˵ԱŵѾɭɭһЦ΢֪㲻ңҵȷǳĳ⣬ѵڰɣ϶鷴Ͼ۷ĴڣҸ㣬ɾȥѵڣΪ϶鷳ң
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˰ɣ͵֮һԹ˲Ͼ˼ڵ飬㱾ռ˵ֱ׳Ц
˵꣬ɢȥͬʱһȻѡȫһ֮䡣
֮Ѿȥ١


һ 
û˵Щ΢ı⣬ҲǴ֮ƣѵڣͽɱʧضء
΢ڵȷڸԼ֡
ΪûбҪ
ԼͨУȷ޿ƥе쾳ˣЩ֮Լֻ½ڣڵΪҲҪԼǿ̫࣬ԸҪԼʲô֡
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ڣȫɾԼڶһ˴˿Ǵ
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á΢ͷ֪鲻˵ʰо֣΢ҪģǵȴķӦ
˵ĶģȻ棬һܺõԽʯȻΪ˽΢¼ȮһֻҪû⣬ȻԼ
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ңźãոս죬֪һǼͣЩͨΪһ죬Ϳ´󼪣ʥȴ֪һһʧܣҲֻͳûʲô𡣡ûһΣȻǶ΢⣬΢ĻҲ˿ţȻǽڸˡ
΢Ȼδ黳Ҹ㣬ұʹôŲš
ЦȻǲš
΢Ҳν϶ֻ˵˵ЩûӪĻȻЦ̧꣬һץƾ˺һռѷ졣
һѷ켫Ϊȹ̣ҳѼһͿԿڵͨߡ
΢ң˵һĻᡣЦһһѷ졣
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ڲԼҪҪȥ⣬ڼȻǿ϶˺֣ԼȥԷһЩֶΡ
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˶ΪԼֻһͨڣֻǲ֪΢ʵ۷ʱ򣬾ͿƾʦԿڡ
ͬԬ̿һ㣬һĨɱͬˣд⡣
ֻʱ΢ʾѣڣð˴֮ʦڣ΢ҲУǣɱ
һռѷ죬΢˲͵һΪ֮ء
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΢ϸһһ΢ƶϳݵģˣһϴŰۣͷн֣νʥޱȣ΢֪˶ʥ֮ˡ
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λһλ쾳Һ΢һҲֻڣȴۼף㣬ģªϵˮ֮ǿ¿ĭͿκˡ
΢²⣬ˣӦò֮ǺԼһ˾ŵ쾳ഫ˽ĺλˮ쾳ĺһİ


һǧپʮ 
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ԷȻԼ϶ʲô㣬΢ԼԼƺǲ֪о뵽˽ϲĶˡ
λҸҽһ£λ½쾳ˣĿǰڵ΢ڴ˿̹һЦΧ˽΢ʱ򣬲Ȼʥ֮֮ԼǸˣû˵
Ҳһ㶼ΣǼ΢ԼͲýˣ㿴λ£ׯޱȵıʥ֮ˣѾڣ۷Ҳֻһ
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΢аԭЩ쾳֯Ȼֻ֣΢ĹӦҲǰģϲ̨档
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΢ЦЦֵǾ˳ְɡ
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֮˶˵һȭ
ڵʩչŲֶӵɿ⣬ٿԭأһ޴ޱȣԽһȶľͽȭ£ݺݵĽ΢档
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΢˶ɵˡ
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о仰û˵ʵ֮ǰս΢Ҫ΢ĳǶôǣȥս΢³֪
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΢ðף磬֮ͬڵȷѷ֣Ĺûˡй⽣ɢȥ˵
ܺ˾ʮϢȷҲûҲǿ˵
Ȼ򺣸ûһ΢ѾʸĹʱôӽ쿪ʼ΢ĹһԱˡ
ʱ΢ͻȻڣţ
ڵһ㶣΢΢һû˵ҪĹ٣ҪŪĹڵ塣
壿ȻƳ³£Ҫ֪˾ŵ֮УҲǷŵȣģԶǴ֮Ҳ˵˵ֺƹǣ΢Ӧ֮ζԸģ飬֪ģȴŲҪǺεỴ̄ȻˣΪβȡ֮ʱ˵
Զʱڣֻȴվȥɣ֣֮Ҫ֮£ٴν϶Ϊһơ˵ϣ΢ȴǲš
΢֪㲻ţϣҵͼȷˣĹԱÿһвһ뷨еҪΪеҪ̲׳еǲ̤ȻͬҾһĹڼ˵
΢ˣҲ϶һȦĹСȦӱȻкܶࡣ
ĹҪԿģѾ֪ľǵ֮֮ҲΪԼͺгԹǲŽԼ
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΢ǰڵʮ꣬˵Ե൱Ϥ㣬֪ıչ֮ʱ򿪿˵Ȼʥ͵УҲǿûлԹ˲Ͼǰȥ͵Ϯ
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ǲ߾޺ŭӿǧӰӿʱһӰ£֮ӡ


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ͨº΢ԵҲãϾںЩ飬֪һЩģҲ֪񹭣Ҫ߶񹭣һ˵ȷ㹻ˣ˵׼򺣻ǱȽϺʵģΪûж˹ûǰݻᡣҪǣʩչ۶˭ûˣԺֶΪ
ãҴӦˡûʲô˼ɣô룬ô˵΢һǹһ̸ãŸȥ
΢֪ԼѾȫˣΣͿ̬չˣԼļƻܳɹٿʱһЩ鷳ȻԻ᳹׵ĵں飬ȴǿԸԼʱ䡣
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ڣȻͿзǣû뵽Ȼĸ治飬ǴɱˣԶУƳ죬ǿԿһɶȻڻĻŪĶҩΪˡ
΢˿̿飬ںˮɽ΢ķڵ϶Ǳ壬һ΢ֱܷԷ۷Ϣκηٵġ
ǺΣֳϻ˵Щζܵܵģﶼ֪˽죬ԣʲôƾ;ʩչȻûлˡ
ЦΪŪһЩҩȻٴ⼸ͿҺΣŭЦݺ˽粻֪£ִΪ۷壬޵еĴڣȻԼĵܸܵˣ⵱Ȼŭޱȣһ̣ӣҡͷ֣֣ҲҪΪˡ
΢΢һЦû취˭Ѿ۷壬ĲҲһͳŴʱҪȻˣΪǿ
һԣȻʱ˵ʲôǷϻԸɴ಻˵
֪ܳΪ֮ȻʮּᶨԼ˵ܶҡģһ̣ɱ΢
΢ȻҲ֪һʧܵĺɱڣֱӣ΢˿壬ûжܶԷĿ⣬̹ȻΪβ
΢Ȼ£ҧǶƭˣΪԺܷŹǣ׸綼ŹǻͷüֻҪɱڣұ֤̣΢ңұ㽫㡣
΢Ϲ¶һ˿ԥһ֪ϣǺ˵֡
˵꣬ȳɱȥ
Ҳһɱȥ򺣣ȻҲǳǰ棬Χ΢һ֪򺣱ȻǺ
˵˶ԷԼ׼Ȼ˲ţ΢һʼҲûζԷ


һǧİ٩ 
ڡλ켶Χˣ˲죬Բ֮ڣ쾳µ˸޷̤㡣
ԭΧ֮ڵˣҲ˲䱻ײ˳ȥеѣǱλ쾳˵ֱ
һ˲䣬νأĩս١
¼۷ˣ˿Ҳһɳȥޱȣ֪һζԸľȻǰλ֮ڵ쾳˵ʱֻо춼Ҫˡ
㷢ʲô㶣ȥɫʱһδγ򣬵һһεıײɳѾѪڷƴɱ
ԱҲһֻ¶۷ĴڣʣǣҲ޷һ
ûõģǰﷶΧڣѾڵΪȥġһ
һָоһΣҪˡ
ȥҲҪɫŭ˵
޶ԣ룬ȻתߡͨˣȻڽӡ
쾳˵Ѿжôܵס
ңʲôˣ֪һģԷûаգôܸ¡
ȻˣԼҲֻǵȻһϾҪûˣҲûбҪһ
ҵʦ
Щ꣬ΪѾ̫飬ڻԼᣬ붼롣
ǣ뿪ߣȻһСԹʮ̹
۷ʮԪûأô
Ȼˣɫ
ʱԶսͻȻɳɫһͱһУ˲㱻⡣
˾ҪһЩֻǱһֱۣˣҲҪסʣǿֵһɺŲֻߡ
ˡ
Ϻųһ軹׾ٵģȻҪĿ飬ֻû뵽ԷһȭͽԼͨ飬ŵ¸ղű䡣
΢ʱҲսţ쾳Χһˣ˿̾ȻƾУ֪˵Ϊжߡ
Ͼ۷壬ĿǰΨһλ۷еһվ˵ĶˣȻô׶Ըġ
£˶
ΪƾˣͿκҲ̫С۷ˡʱƱǣһʱ֮䣬ȻҪѹ˵ļơ
ã̫ǿڣְɡֳ־޴ʥ⽣սͬʱڴȥ
ȻҲó˾ǺΧҲδܶԸ顣˵Ķ֣ʵϣҪȡ񹭣ɱ
һ̣һսȦȴѾȡһѳ
ⳤ֪ʲô죬̺һɻˣ滹ྦྷʯɢΡ
塣˵һ䣬ͱǣеĳҲǱǣóһ֧ڹϡ
͹۲ڶ΢һĻ׶ԷҪˡ
ӦҲǼ죬ǺˣһߣҲǼæ㿪ȴվ
ڵ콫΢׼ʱһ䣬ʣһȻ΢ˡ
ڱǴ㽫΢׼Ʒٿ򺣣һ̣Ҫ΢ʩչط
ʱѾ΢ɹʶʱͻȻڵ׼֮ѡ򺣰ɣ΢ұˡ
˲䣬ںɫһ䣬ȻڹϣǱҪһƷҼȻͶ΢Ҳģ£Ҫ΢Ҳûá
Ҫ֡
һĻӰԼųһ΢룬ȴû룬΢ѹûߣͻȻȡһ֧ʣٿչա
һ磬ͼ졣΢˵꣬һ⡣
һ̣תռ䡣
ڰǿ׼΢ֻ˲䣬ѾҲ΢ټ
ܣѽΧռӵõʧ˵Զһ΢Ȼˣ̰
ʱ˭ǲͣԻҪ׼΢ˣǲһֵԼˡ
̾Ҫӡ
ϧٶһģѾǷ䷨˲ӿһӡǣҽеУ˱һ⣬ٻ뵽һ֧ϡ
ɲ֮䣬Ϲâ䡣
ڳ쾳Լڣоһ⣬ĺëֱǽ֮󣬼Ǻٷ飬ΪΪһ󣬼ûʲôвǡ


һĩ ʬ
ڣǾȻǸоΣգһ֧вǵһ㣬۷壬Ҳһ
ʱֻоԼɱһУеһ֧ģʵϣΪ޷ͨ׼ΪߵˣֱӾ񹭽׼ɱˡ
Ҳһһ֧ͨ׼Ҫɱ飬Ӧ練ˡ
鲻ϣڴȽɱֻҪһǾ´󼪣΢ԷȻղŲ֪ʲôһڣţΣ
飬ɱ΢Ǿ׶ˡ
һ̣ڶ׼飬ȻҲЩţһ֧ϣҲо˼в
һڣ㲻Щ֣ѾӦҵĲ£ΧĻҲˣѾ΢ŲƵΣ֮ء鼱æ˵ڲΪкɣһ̣Ȼһ
ŭһ˿
һ֧ϣܵ˼Ϊǿвв۷䡣
жϾִĵˣ֮ʣȻһ˿ɫһ̣ͻȻɳȻǻһģ
ΪҲѾﵽһҪ֪Ǽ֮УһģҲֻˣһǵ֮һ顣
ͷֻԼʮԴı塣
ңģۡ
˲䣬ͽķᴩɱɱ˷֮Ѿûԭֿɱһе˲ȥ
黹ڶ֪Ȼޱȣһ׼ֻʹһΡ
ȻŭϾǲһ㱻ԼĵܸܵŪڣҲǼ׼Ȼûɱ飬ֻǼ
ɽ׼˭
΢Ǳѡ֪΢ʲôطڳʣµˣֻˡ
ֻܲܽ׼˵ʵûʮա
ԷϾҲһλ֮˾ŵмΪ׽һഫв֮ԼɹˣʧܣǾǳ׵׵ĵӡ
ڣﻢ£񹭣˵ΨһɱĻᣬһʧȥᣬΪָǵȴǵģһߵķ
ڣҪԥѾûѡ鲻Ǿ͵군Ա˿˵
һ֮ԣϡ
˵ûԸϣһʼ;Բܰ;ϣıȻ޷ܵġ
ԣзգҲóԡ
񹭸ҡʱͻȻڣһ㶣Ӧǽ񹭵ݸԷ
ӹ񹭵˲䣬ʩչϵ׼֮
Ȼޱȣݣһʹ֮۳ɹ񹭶᳹׻𣬲ٴ
ڣ׼ӣ˵ǿԳˣϾ׼ֻܶԸΪԼˡ
ͬһӡǣȻӡǾһ׼ӡǡֻȻϴ׼򺣲ͬǣȻҲ쾳ֻڣΪͨԶԶȲӡ
˵ڴ֮ǰʩչеһͨʬѿ֮
˿ӣֻһʬǣӣѾ򺣱׼֮ˡ
ȻΪҲ֪һںĻ죬ԼҲһЩ
ڿȻӦˣһ̣ͼµͻȻͬһʹ󣬾оԾʱʬֱӱը
ӼΪһֶΣʬ֮Ȼ粻ߣǳ˶ʩչȻʩչԿɱһˡ
һﷶΧ˲ʱռ䶯Ѫͬķһ㣬ֲı翪ʼŰ
ڡǵùʬ֮ȻҪɱǣЩҪ˵ǣȴ㹻ˡ
޴Ѫⱬը˶ǻˣǱмΪǿĻͨղͱѪ籩˺ˡ
Ȼ֪ӸˣǾɵˣںҲûʲô˵ģҪֻ֣û뵽з
ֱ飬ںҲ˿ٸҶԸ飬̾ӡ
Ҳû׷״ҲòĶȥ˵֮ǰ˶֮۷ͬʬش۷壬ʱҲǶ˰ﻹȥ׷ڣҲ̾ߡ
ֻǺܿͷ֣޷ŲƣҲ˽磬ĳС
ǶԹҪ򣬽֣


һĩ ô
ڵ˶˽ˣ֮֮ǰΪսѹû΢Ա΢ʵս˶ŲƵһ֪ġС硯
ڵƲģֶ̫СƣǵΪֻƬ̾ͿԽС𣬲Ϣʱ䣬ط˽硣
ôģһʼ⣬ڽǣǷָ޷ͻС磬СһּΪֲع򣬾ȻѹôΪ
˼ǣںƬ֮󣬾Ȼƺֻصԭء
ԣﲻͨС磬˴عΪȹ̣ǶƲңлþ¿ʲôִ̧һʥ׹⣬˲䣬һʥ׹ͬһ㣬ĿĹâ
һâϴ˫Ŀȵâɢȥ֮ǰɽѾʧΧһʮ־޴󣬵޹ĶѨܿ죬ǾŪﲻͨĶѨһԹ
һԽ쾳סԹ
ͬʱ˵ҲڵĴȻ˵ȻָΪǵһҪ£ֻһΣڡƴɱ̫ˣѾ˽ǣҪĸƣָΪٵ꣬һЩķţҲһꡣ
ԣڷԼȻһԹ֮鲻ϲ
һҲãΪȹ̣Լʱ޷뿪ôںҲһϼΣ
ֻ֮֮ҪĿӦ֪ԹΪ޴ǧ㣬ÿһ㣬ҰεУЩҲԼָٶȡ
ڲԹ˭黹ǣ֪һ΢ġ
΢ȻôôңͲºˣʱҧгݵ˵Ҫ࣬΢ȻôΪֻô΢ĶҪĶ࣬ѾҪ׼ʵһֻ֪Ҫ飬һһͬʧܣҲŹȻҪһֻû뵽Ȼ˵нǶһı¡
ΣɱȻŭ΢ҲֻˣֻҪΪָɱȥһ¶ɱɸɾ
ҿûô򵥡ʱ࣬·뵽ʲô
ôĪ΢ʲôУһм
˼룬Թȹ̣Խǣҿʮ֮ãʮǰ΢𣿡
ҲӦ˹
һҲǵ˵ͷԹ磬΢ģû¡
˵΢󣬻иˣ֮ʣǻȻָΪбʣҶҲиӦԡ˵ֵ꣬⣬ȻһҲ˵ıأһ˶ʱڣǻռƣϧһд۽ɱͿɽɣΪ
ȻԹ˶д㡣
ԹĳֳΣɱȻҲǱ΢ˣˣֻ޵Ĳ΢
΢ֻΪԱҪӲģȴںˣ˾Ȼ׼Լ
ƣʬ֮ͱ׼
ʬ֮ͬСɣǽȥûʲô׷УҲֻһ
ӹȥ֪˶ʬ˿ֻ̣ҪطתͿԣȻΪ䣬ֻǻָ
Ҫ׼Ҳòǰʩչʬֻһ¡
ɱ
ʮֹܣΪ䣬Ҫ֣Ҳδܵס
뵽ʩչ˲ռٻʮڴСһס
һһɹͬӿһ㣬ɢȥһ̣Щһһ򿪣߳һ߾߱ƺõʬˡ
Щʬ˺ǣ˵ֻһԷֳֱЩʬ
ЩʬÿһǶеͨ
еóеóеģżΪֲ޽ʬרʬʬˣÿһϸУżΪֲıѪֻҪʬˣ׵ĻһС硣
ЩӵķֶΣȻ֪ӼǺϣ֪ʳѰ
΢˿ѾǴȫɾ͵һˣɱݡ
λ֮ȫ뻭Թ£˵Ǿף΢˭ҲûߣΪǡ


һĩ ض
Ҫ˵£΢ĵӵȷǴó棬ǿλ֮֮ʥ֮˵ײеˣҲ¡
΢ˣĺԥ
΢ƶϣԬ̿ĻԹԽЩһ꣬һ㣬꣬궼пܵģЩʱ䣬΢ҪȡģҪ̶̵ʱԼٳɳʱ⼸λˣ΢ҲҪǡ
ȻĴ֮ʧٱȻ޴Ĳ𶯣΢֪٣Ҫڴ֮ǰջ
˭Ҳ˭΢ͻȫ
ȫɵۺ͵һǲԣ΢ǾܽջأҲǶԸ
ǵĹ
Ҳ֮ǰǱƺǳ˴£ǻֻ˵Ȼ˸ȥ鵺
˿۷ˣͬΪ۷ˣ˭ָȥ
Ϣʵ
ϢĵһӦ
ۿԶ𽥿һ̲סڵ΢ҪջôóȻǰȥһ棬εֵ
΢ʱͣһͣһڶҲһͣ˿̣ǧն΢
֮ǰ΢ûнǣһΪ˸ʱ䣬ǡ
ҲûбҪţȻһ΢ͣ£ȻǶ֪֮˷ˡ
£ҥ𣿡˵ԽԽһ˵Ŀֲ۷壬ǵ֮Ŵɱȥ˭Ķ֣
ҥ΢̾ȷ˷飬ңҾ֮һѾҷסʱڳҲŻһջض
΢û˵ֻҪԼ˷ľͺá
赭дļ仰˶Ҳͬըһ㡣
֮˾Ȼסˣһ𺳵ϢһǱ΢סġ
΢׿˵ģš
ﶼһƬңͬ΢˵ջضʱ
ǣ˼֮أ쵽ʱǰڶأ˿΢Ȼǡ
ɾһȭڶ˾ͱ΢ĸȭĴܣ˵һȭͽ˻ܣҲ΢飬Ȼټһ˾Ͳֻǰô򵥣ᶪ
Ŷ֮ص΢쾳ֵһܣʱɢӣڶ֮Χľ޴ķӡϣ˿Ҳ΢һȭ֮³ױ顣
޴춯˽綼ˡ
ҲǵһʱӦ֪Ȼ΢½쾳˴ض֮غ󣬶Ŀɿڴ
һӦ΢ˡ
Ȼ΢ҲһȴֻڣȻĿŵȥ۷һ˵Ķ
ⲻʲô
ǲǣȻûжԴκηӦЩϢΪͨŷһ¡
ˡ
д˵֮֮ǰʥλ֮Ѿ䲻
Ϣ˵Ϣһʱ֮ɣ˷ֲǼ١
֪һ˽ҪˣҪ£Ƕ鷳
Ҳеʼ̽鱨Ҫȡ
ңҲ˿Ӱ첻˿̵΢˿̣΢ʱ꣬վڶ⣬һʱ֮Ǹпǧ
ڡξٺɽѾڣȥͨɳɣһϤϢϵš
΢Ǻεͨ
һһۿȥѾԿƶʮأʵϣ΢̤붫˲䣬Ѿ֮ۿڶˡ
ɳȻ˽ķ˺ѣֻͬţ΢ɨȥ
ǵУΪͻͽȻѾǽ˽ϢЩнˡ
Ȼ󲿷ΪȻļΪޣеûгɣЩ˿ܶǵķˣУ϶ı΢飬ȴ΢Ϊʦѡ
΢ҲΪԼȾǣڣ󲿷ֹ˵Ϣڣ΢⣬Ѿǽڡ
ӭɵۣ
֪УѾǾһһˣЩһɳɹ٣£еǼڲɹٶˡ
˿˵һ䣬ɽХڶɹٹһأеĸϲݺᡣ
ɹٵУ΢£Ҳĸվ󲿷ҲˣɶǼޱȣ£˫Ŀ΢Ϊף˿Ҳ䡣


һĩ ˲
΢һɨ֪еˣеѾԶˣоĸϢоǱϢоӵϢҾУҲ˻桢ģƵҲˡ
⻹ֻɳ˽磬磬Ҳв΢еϢʧ
еĴ΢ļ䵱УȻԶȴǡ
ֻ΢Ѿյķ꣬һˣ͸֮¡
˿̣΢һӣȴǶɹһɳɾޱȣæٴι򵹣еĸʹ飬򲻿ɡ
΢ɫ£һ̣һ졢ȫɾҲɫ£΢
λ΢ˡ
һ仰
΢ĵڶ仰΢ãλɺã
ǧֻ۳䣬һһˣһλãѾǵ΢˵
һգ֮أ绶졣
ÿһŵƽʣ˽ʮˣĴҲˣɽˡ
ɳۣ֮΢Ӿɣ˽红ͯ˲֪˲ȥʮ֮ؿνˮȣɳϵ̱ūۣɡˡˡ
һеĿѣһһȥˡ
ɳУɰݼ΢ɵۣǰݼ͵һ
˵ܵʱ̣һɳɵ۶ˣĴɵۣ˵ʲô˵һҪˡ
ֻҲɳٷѣһɵۺ˵λɵ۶ڣԺ˭ģϾɳҲֻһλɵִơ
棬кܶɹȻǸһɾϾһɾǴһɳˣɳߣִɳκ˲
ȻҲҪɵִɳɵִɳʱɹ»϶ɵִɳʱģܶ࣬ɵ۵
Ϊ£ܶɹ٣˶ֹֻһγϣûǽµ֮ϣɵ֮λ΢Ѿ棬һɾɵۣλ£Ȼɵ£ҲټŮ
ɳ˵ɭޱȣ⳯ΣǶйصģչأһɾڣڲɵ֮λҲҪλģϾһɾһɳߣۺʱεضǵһλС
ڣһɾȻ΢֮£ȻȻɵλΡ
ڶɹٲԣǱⶫ֮Ѿʮʱ䣬Ȼ֪˽з飬֪΢Ϊ͵λԶһɾᲢ۵ġ
ǲ֪һɾɵ۱˭֪ɳĹأԾַʽˣӽɳ΢Ϊ
һɾڵλҲܺ΢Ტۡ
Ϊ΢ǵΨһ쾳
һĻɻ󣬵󲿷˶֪˼λɵ۵⣬Ҳڲɵ֮λ˭飬Щֻ֪ѭ浸ص̣Ҳ⡣
ʱһɾҲ΢֮ͺ˵ˣɵ֮λĹѾӹɡ
֮رȡߵ飬ĸɺµǻ΢֪꣬Լضʱá
ΪɳѾѹ֮±ٱҲѾңˣ͵͵ڶ֮ɱˡ˺ƵҩΪЩɥ飬ǧ֮
֮У΢ĹˣЩ΢ҲһһţҲһһʵĸԷš
ǰһӶŮɣ桢λΪͬˣ˼սղУ˻ɱ
ǰɱӪǧϮɱѪ⣬Ѫ֮ˣΪɱ棬λˡ
ǰ˽羰ʮˣʬ޴桭
һǰƵͨꡣͬ꣬΢ɵ۾ɾӱһ𣬾ɾ֮ڵˣ䣬СʥԺʥҦʥ
һ׮׮һ飬ĸһһ˵һµʱͣһ£һ΢ż
Ϊģ˫ҦʥҦʥ΢֪֮΢ѣ˫͸˵ˣ΢֪һ΢֮һ
֮ǰûҵ˫ټξٺɽһĿɿڴͷƤ飬ȻǱʹ˫ͬã˭뵽ξȻξٺɽ˶˵ķŭǾǾˡ
΢ʲôˣ˭
΢壬˵ֱһ㣬ǾǼ令̣۸ˣ΢ԻʮٱĻȥ


һһ ͬ
ʮɳν˽ˣֱǱǰ˵ūɱɱ
Ҳò˵类һЩӶͷ֮ϣȻ俪һӡ
ЩҲˣЩǧ򲻸ɱˣɱ˫
Ϊ֪΢αξٺɽŻоͷƤ飬֪ڿʼ˽罫ӭһεȿֲȷѪꡣ
˶΢΢ֻǵ˵ͷ˫Ϣ֮ǰ̽Ҳȷûз
ʱ΢֪˫Լλ֪Ѿ档
΢ȻǱʹޱȣֻǵ磬ѾһУ΢
Ҫֻһ£ǾѪծѪ
Щˣλ֪Ǻˣǲûϵ˵һͿԡ΢˵
˲֪ȫɾ仰ҲֱӴһ¡
΢˼˵Ҫ֪˭ֻҪ֪ԷôҪԷڵ
ԲҪ֪˭ߣĳˣ΢ֻҪǴ𣬾㲻Ҫ֪˭ģǳҲͱˡ
һҲˣȰһ䣬ʱ΢ȴӲĻ˻ȥ
ȰĻǲҪ˵ˣ˵ˣҲûȤαء
֪һɾס΢ɳ£˭΢ľ
ڼ¼Щ˵ȻĸҲ˹򣬾Ȼм¼Һܶ඼Ǽ¼ļΪϸ
Щ˵˶޼ɵôܻ
΢һ֪󲿷ֶˣ֮⣬һЩˣڻԼɾӣ˫ĸϺҦʥģȻŮ
ð΢ֻ֮˵֡
˭̺ɱ
ɱһɾ˸о󣬶ǾͲ˵ɳڶɹˡ
ʱ˫֮۶Է˭ʲôһҪ
ҧгݣЩ꣬罫˫ɽãֻû
΢ͷȻ
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΢ϵλɹ٣˵Ҳǵ¸صˣԷǵĺܶԣʱȷӦñɱ˫ۡ
ǣ΢ڲҪκι˼ɡ
һЩڵ˵ҲӦó嶯£΢Ѿȥô࣬Ҳ롣
λ䣬΢ΪɵۣĪ˵Щȥ𣬾ûУҲΪ֪Щս˲Щλͬѣ֪ˣգҾһɳɵ֮ɱҶ֮ߣ˭΢Ὣңţ΢ģΥԣ𡣡
΢һһ˵ҲѪڣⷬǵеͬУͬ飬΢˵ûǵѣЩҲ˺ܶ࣬Щǲǲޣǲ뱨ֻǲҰˡ
˿΢ģҲѪӿһҲı𣬾ղԵϳҲ촽Ŀã֮˫ʪŮһ裬Ծ˳ͬ죬ˣˣ˼ֻ̫ǼΪūΪգұɵһģɱУĲΪɡ
ɱУĲΪɡ
ͬ飬˿̺졣
΢ɵҪЩ趫֮ص˸ºܿʹ鶫磬˽ʮмѾǱٳأΪˣǸǶǣǵһԴ˺֮ǡ
һλѾ׹Ͻӳȡף룬ʹѾĽپ䡣
λʿ˸ɳޣȴԴԴ⣬ȥɡһλһƷԱʱ򿪿Ȱ
ֻǰǧ֮ȴһһԣͬɱ֮
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ͼ˻طͬһУ屦
ǴһҲ˼ҲǽȥȡһݱףȰ裬ԣ޸ԸնС
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˽ˣ֮Ҳˣ˶չֳ֮ƣ΢ɵ۵֧֡
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΢˵ûйϵΪһڵĸڶ࣬λڵˣҪ㹻ˡ
ͬξٺɽ֮ǰԤϵһһΣ˽ȻҪ΢Ľ²΢Ҳ˵趫֮ˣɱ֮˵ˣ˺ڵ


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΢һľ̨ϣڶеɹŽ
ڣɹŽѾƽ·ڶ࣬һ΢նɱʱɹŽǱԼǽ١
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ȻƻڣһѽʤǰϾһնɱ쾳˵ı
˷΢ҪɱУõһѽ
΢ɹŽѾնɱ̫֮ͬȥڣƣĽУɱеĽ
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Ϊ˸һԸ⸶һеġ
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ɣ΢ˣѾŮ˵ˣԸֻҪ΢˿ڣʲôҶ㣬ңΪ˼һˣֺα˺Ƥæ
ȴ΢˵һնŮŮһҽУٿŮѾǱ΢һնն飬꣬ȴǱ΢еĳߡ


һһ ˽磨
֮ϣڶһɳ˿΢ɵ۴˿һ
ǿŮôնˣһԭһڵʱ򾪺˵Աһһģªţǵɵ۱˵նŮǽնΣˣ֮ķɵ۶ն
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΢֪ı㣬ȻΪߣıȴǺΪûйϵ
΢񹬣ķӾΡ


һһ 
΢ʱ򣬸û뵽΢гһջΪ˽Ĵڡ
쾳
Ƕ˿ɼľ磬û뵽΢˶̵ʱ̤ˣϢʱ񹬼ֱԼĶ䡣
ʱ򿴵΢Լ񹬸оЩţһ˼̵ʹ߱ɱһ±ȻĻֲٿأҶʹʹʱɱˣҪͶɳķаô³ˣǽǴӰƳΪǼȻҪ뾻Ǿ˳ǵ⣬ʾʱЩּĿĴɣȻһж϶¶š
΢Ҳ۾һ
񹬴˷ȻĿǰʺϵķӣұ˲֪΢ս˶Ϊ΢ڣڵһࡣ
ʵϣ΢˿ѾڣٸʦͨҪʤȻѣҪ֮ƥһǿġ
Ȼ񹬵ļı΢϶չֳ̫ǿҪʾ˲֡
΢ƣѾǷǰȥ֮ӭС
֮⣬֮ӿ֣ÿһ⣬һˣһϥȴǸߴɣ֣Ѿͬλ򣬿ȥǰԶߣ˽磬һߵ
һӰǾ֮ߵķࡣ
˶ڱĿӽΪȻΪҶʹݶЩʣƣɳκһ˶Ӧ΢
˿̣ھ˵Ум˴˿ڰд
΢ô
԰꣬΢ޱȣ߶ſڣܲ΢ֶͨΣδӮ˵ߣʱֻҪ߽΢ɱٳ֣ɻɱߣȡ
ﻮ꣬ȵľһᣬҲҶʹгﻮþͶɳ񣬾͵΢ˣ΢˵ߣ
ӹɣķжǿλӦ΢һնɱҴǰøոս۸ԪնɱԪҲ쾳ɱ΢Ȼشߡ
ãǾ͵ˣҲ׼һ΢ܾˣ̳֣Ҫԥνƭ뾻ΨһɱĻᣬھ֮أ߲Զûлᡣ
ʱһӰƾճڶ֮ϣƮֳƳ΢
һǰǳ΢ǳˣǾɳʹߵǶɳǾȻǽʹնɱǰʲôģ
΢·ʽ¹֪Ϊ㣬ˣȴǾգ뽫ɱҶʹͽǵ洦ưոݡһҲǿ˵
һ£иľ˽
ʱ΢֮ΪϣϿ÷
˵꣬ʩչ˲ʱЩԴǶദһ֣ǵЩ˾˵˵
ʣ΢򵥣ͬһʱ䣬ôʩչ򵥡
ˣ̫أǧ꣬Σʱ򣬾֮߿˵
˵꣬Ȼץ
һ£ֵǧһ˲ʱգһжڡ
˵΢ݣԱ޴ץߡ
΢ͫһߵͼԷҪץԼҪ͵һȡߡ
΢ʱ񹬸һ¡
˵λߺ⣬һٳ棬͵һЩǷǺС
ԣ֪λߵʵ
λ߾˵پ֮ؼ޵еĴڣ˵ģھ֮
ʤ㡣
ϷⲻС
ȡߡ΢оȴ˲䱩ǣɲ֮䣬΢ҲǴһ㣬ɣʻһɽͼӳڶ֮ϡһץȻûнץ
һ̣յƾ̧£βץҡ
ûʲôķ޴ԻһС˲顣
˺УǾ޴Я޾ȷף棬ͬһ㣬һķ֮
쾳棬˺˿һĻоʣ΢סǶΣӡ


һǧİһʮ 
˭Ҳ벻߲ѣһ־֮ƣ˵һ㲻ãݶᱻ顣
Ͼ֮ǿڵˣҪһݣ׾ٵġΨһû뵽ǣλ߾Ȼ־ȫ
صһЩ˴˿Щżˡ
һ΢סһǸǺãʱ򣬴ߺˣóȻ֣δĶ֡
ֻٴӳˣλҲС΢ȻֻڣԲô׾Ͱܸߡ
ЩĻ֮˰ۣǱߣ΢Ѿ
Ԫ׽𣡡
΢˸˲䣬յİӿ𣬻۳һ޴ޱȵ񽣡
֮նһС磬ʹߵȣԵЩСͷ·ֶһǩһ
ϣһ׽ȴǷͬСɡ
Թԣʲôһ޴ޱȵɽҵͷϣ̾ͻ𡣡һ۷ľ
˿̣˶֪Ǵߵľ΢Ԫ׽
һ̣˫ײһ˲ǵڴ֮ǰ΢Ѿϼӳ˷Ȼ޴󣬵չǿԵֵһ΢һϣǴŴ͸ͨģ΢ΪߣԷƶԽѾ³ˡ
ԭ΢ΪǴ߻УԷȻûУȻչֳƣмУ˵ĸֱһ㣬ǾǶԷΪ΢磬˿ʽƣƾΪҲԳѹ΢
¡촫
ڶ˶̧ͷȥͼ΢׽Ǵ͸˴ߵľ޴ƣƺ߳˴һ̣΢ľ޴׽ͱǿˡ
׽ϵ£ڽѡ
ǰ˴ףڴߵ£ҲǵֵסȻ˴ߵƣԪ׽Ҳ˸һɶ
˾ڶɳߵģ֣ŵ֮ɫԪ׽ͬ΢Ԫ׽ˣ΢ȻҲܣܵشģһ㲻ãܾʹ䡣
뵽ֿܣ֪жǿ־ޱȣȻЩڰˣȴһ¡
ңһĺ¡
̫ˣԤϵһ΢Ȼش˴ߡ
ЩĲ΢Ԫ׽飬ǸǴûб΢ˡ
Ȼһƽ΢Ԫ׽飬ԼҲԪ׽ˣҪ֪ǰ׻ϵ׽¶һ˿ɱˣһˣȴ⡣
΢ˣԪ׽һ±飬ɣڴҲ΢ˣ߲ؾ֮أ˾ͻָǧѷĻᣬ̶֡
´ָ
ͬʱϵͻȻ˱仯˳ϵĽ⣬ɫʹ⡣
һ̣мͻȻŲƣڵķλֱ׳һ
Ǽɳ֮󣬱ҫ۹âȻռķλ˲䣬⣬γһ޴״󣬽ν
һ±ļΪͻȻ˶ûзӦѾǱŹֵķס
ɱ
ɱ
ЩðɫʹľͻȻ𣬾ǱѾǱңЩɫľ˿ʼɱֻнľˣȻҪٵö࣬Ǵڲľ档
ֱɱֱһ⾻˱֮ͨ󣬴˿̻ŵģֻɫľˡ
ЩڿУȻûнɳ˺˵£ϾУɳǿ΢Ѿɱʣµ˸Ϊݡ
ڶɳڵĴ߲ҪԸġ
ͼ״סĴ߱ǿã˿̣ҲΪ󷨾ͿסңңסΣƾǣκβҡ
أԶУһռѷ챻˺߳һˡ
⾻˻˫ĿϸǳЩ֣ǣ⾻˾ȻͷۣϢ֮ǿԶˡ
һ쾳֮ڣһȫɾ˶Ŀɿڴ
ɫľݵڳƣߣ
󣬸ŵģȻ֮ǰѾ˷Ҷʹ˿̣Ҷʹһһ㡣
ߣ뵽нգߵ˵˿̣Ŵߣ·ڿһ֮ˡ


һһ ˭Ц
ԭ㣬㲻Ѿ𣿡ֵ߱Ϊ棬ֵȻû뵽
ЦñֶλңΪһ磬ȴû뵽һţû뵽гһգһֽ㴴ľ𣬲ģ޷ʱ򣬻ȡ֮
߲һԣãſҶʹڵҶҴ㲻ǽΪӣΪҪô
ҶʹЦһʼұ˵ĵմӣ㣬ֻΪ°ˡ֪֪Ϊһ˶ãҲҺó΢ôһΪǴᣬҪԸ㣬⵹֪Ҫȶá
꣬һܣ૵ԭˣһʼǾѾ߻ˣΪ߰ˣ϶ǻ˲ʱɡ
࣬ѣܽɱȡ֮ٴֵõġɭɭЦ
ڻˣԶ뾻֮أ˲˵ǱƵķҿ㻹Ρ˵꣬Ѿʩչͨһֱֻ̣۷ֱȡһѷ
Щһģһӳֵ֮ǿɱһˡ
ΪҪ˵ȴû뵽߾Ȼһ仰ٶ˵ֱӶ֣һѾǵ˴߽ǰ붯ǬƺÿһԽն¾ڣҲҪնɱ
ʱ̾ϢһȻͬСɣնҪҳն𰡣Щ꣬
ͷϻƪߣ㻹ôα˵꣬䣬˲䣬ն£Ȼǽǰ½ͬʱնһѷ죬·գն
ͼߵ˲䱻նֻһ̣ûκѪҺð߾Ȼǻһɢ١
ʲôޱȣնգţиɲԼð֮С
ãмƣ߷Ӧ죬̾ҪռѷߣȻһ
յУһֻ޴ƣһ½ڵϡ
·ѾˣһҲǱư
ٿ߳һˣ֮ǰÿһξСߵ߽ǰʱѾǺͳ졣
Ǿ֮ߣͼϽҫ˫磬Ŀ΢űѹŶߡ
ΧЩˣѾĿɿڴһ̾Ҫɢӡ
ͼ̧һӣЩ˾ͷµĽѹЩ⻯ЩȫУ˱á
ЩĿ¶֮ɫȻ벻ףΪδƻͻȻתΪʲô߻ַʽ֡
оͲúõľһ
һ̧̣һӣ˾ͱ뵽һ޴еУʧ֪
棬бѾߵҶʹ
λҶʹʼһ⣬ޱȣǾֵ㣬óȫû뵽߾Ȼ᲼ȥ
μƻҶ߳ﻮģڴߴ꣬˵ѾǽߵƢԸΪͨˣ٣ôΪ
ڶʱѵȴû뵽ǰܵ˳ףڣ߶ѹĶá
һ̣Ҷʹ֪ϵˣмˣǴһʼ߾ѾĴġ
֪ˣ㲻֣ڿɺãҪˡҶʹ˵꣬޷ֵıǾ޴еС
˿߷ۿԼĲȫ߽֪˿ߵķŭϵľͬһ޷ԽĴɽѹã˿̣ſʹ֮Ĳࡣ
ܣΪ㻹˿ֲѾ޵ڣӦ޼ŶԣΪʲô¶֮ɫǰߣ˻ʡ
ûʲôܣϺޱϲӲǴһߣΪܻΪҲ֪֮ˣֻڵʲôʱðѣ̫ΪˣΪļƻܳɹΪƾѹңֱЦΪһУҵƿصУΨһҾǡ
ʱ߿һطһ̣ǸطƾոֳһӰ߿ˣ㵣һţ΢Ǳɱôţ
£Ҳú档ޱ飬΢񣬴һ˿⡣


һǧİһʮ 
ȻܲˣǾ֮ڵˣƾͼƣڲͬʱҲǽᣬ˳΢Ķɳ
Ȼ΢ԩ޳𣬵Ȼ΢֮ǰΪѾս˽ԭ𱰡
˽磬֮Ǹ߸ϣԲɶҡĴڣǸ⼸λ֮Ҳ˽ȶĺġҲΪЩ֮ڣ˽нյĶʢ
΢һ֣Ժճһ̬սԭ򣬶ҡֱڣѾݻ
΢ûгͻͳԹ쳯Ҳÿʼط΢᲻һ죬Ҳ֡
ֵǴģǶ΢ļɵȻ΢ֻڣʮǰԷֻڣڵڣ˵Ҫ˶ãͻвĳ̶ȡ
Ǿ߾ԲԸ⿴飬ΪԼİҲ΢֣ܻвĴڳ
Ҫı߾ƥеĴڣļƻƾͼƣǽճǽɱ΢
ļƻһжû©Ψ΢ϳԤϡ
΢ȫһ£Ȼû
þ֮Զ΢֣Ϊɵ΢ڣּɵɱӣ˵ǰ΢˵ûûԹĻڿ϶ˣ΢ԷὫ֮ǰϣҲţֻ֪΢
Ȼе׹ֻһһ˻²˼΢ȴǿˡ
ޱȵĹٳ쵽ɵΣ΢ƾԲһᲢ۵ġʵϣ⾻һʼͶ֣ҳ˺ͿԷĻ죬ټ΢ԷȻΪˣȻǶľûһΣЩҳʵǿԻȵģʹһϿ߾Ϊһ֮˽ˡ
ˣԶɣŹԼġ
ˣղŶеҲΪЩԲϷ˵ʵܽץסöл㡣ʱߺǿ˵˿֮ǰ΢ֺӡ
ڵӣ֮ǰһУǺ΢һԵˣΪǴͨϷء
ٺܶɳ˶һ㶣Ȼ
ԭõģһ
ǰղŵȷԼ棬һĪѾ;ˣ
뵽ɳ˺˶ǼޱȣԴ𣬿˵ǴУûʲôѣܺ;ˣһĵĺ¡
Ȼ΢ôΪ¾ֳ߱⣬΢еʱ򣬱ΪǿΪԻԥ
ʵԶԷ£ǲԥ֮ǰ΢ܸоҪɱ΢ԼѾôԪǻ޷⾻ߵĹƣԴӸղſʼ΢֪⾻߲⡣
ڶԷô˵ֻΪԻԼ
΢Ӧ죬ھ˵ͬʱѾ̧նһһõƽ£ɽֺѣضһ·ֳ롣
Ϊǿϧֻڣûƽƽʸ񣬱˵֣УҵĶ֣߼΢ȻʶԼ뷨Ȼ𾪣Ҳû̫⡣
ϾΪǿ΢̫࣬ͬԣ˵öԷ֣öԷ΢Ҳռˡ
̧֣һӡǣǵס΢һ
һ̣߾ɫһ䣬ŭΪͻȻ֣΢һն˳նߡ
׼ȷ˵Ǿ޴ơ
ƣ΢һνȫ֣ƿ֪£Ȼûнߴӡն𣬵ȴǽ߱ѹŵƱն顣
ӡȻһּΪķӡƫƫ΢һǽƽƷӳ֮£Ȼǽӡն
붯Ȼ΢Χߡ
˫й٣Էֿ΢վһ𣬶澻ɫϾ
û뵽΢һһʼӡȥģȻ΢ҲǾ֮ˣ򲻿ܳ־ͽ߾ȳ
ٿߣҲǴ֮ˣȻȻǾߵĶ֣Ψһ俹İ취΢֡
ֻܶԿߡ


һĶ Ϊ
һʱͺ΢֣Ȼ߸Ƕ΢ޱȣԷȻ˲Լ⾻ߵİ취ò˵һӦĸ֡
ߣҶԹԺ˵һղұѡ΢ʱ˵ҲǵͷȻͬ΢顣
ٿߣǾ൱ѿġ
û뵽Լгɣͱ΢˿ӣԸƣڣȻöԷһ
˵ʵֵĻЩɵģϾҲǸеĸ֣֮ǰܽѹҲƵķӡ֣ʧ֣Է֣ҪѹˣѶȾ൱ˡ
ƴˣ߻аսȫնɱϾΪҪ˶ߣʱ΢ͻȻӿƣһʱ֮䣬ɫ䡣
΢ҪʲôơѵѵҪڣһľߵȷǴһ
΢ֻڣǺ֣кܴӮԷ΢ڣȫͬˡ
֮ǰΪʲôɵ΢Ϊ΢Ϊߣٶȿ죬֮ͬڼ޵С
ЩǾ߲ʵ΢ֻڣаѹ΢һ΢ڣټԱ߻һߣͲһˡ
Լδܵеù֡
뵽Ѿ⣬κ£˵ֱһ㣬ǲû׼̡һΣû˿׼Ȼڲô׽ģ΢ڲŶãôôٴνԸȥġ
䡣
һ΢ĽɹʱҲûˡԿ΢ȻҪڣ˲ͷ󣬾ȻǶ˵Ťͷߡ
ߣˡ
ȻǲսӣĿɿڴ˵ʵҲڽĺ;һΪ֮ǰҲĲ٣ղһǿҲֻڳţƶѡ
ȻþߣĹͣ΢ߵȻǼɵ΢ԲŻ뿪ԷԲưոݵˡ
ߵļΪɴ࣬Ƭ֮Ѿʧ١
΢˿иʵϣƣûнڵղҲֻǲһΪӸղŵԿߴ˽С΢ƻ֮ģλڵ˲֪롣
΢кܴһУߡ
ˣھѾȷϴѾص֮ءʱ߿˵
߿΢ȻҲ΢ܽڡ
΢ʱջأ˿ߣ㻹£
֮ΪԷ£ӦѾ߾
ߣνߣʮþȣҲܽеչֳοαͲǰպܴ󡣡ŭ˵ȻʧܻЩԽ黳뵽ξȻǿź΢ֲŽ߸ˣλߣڵЩԽܡ
΢ߵĲԸҲջֻǵν˵ĵ˾ѣҲˣֻҶ֣ʱƾߣԲ֣Ǳȣ㲻Щ±ѩޡ
˵꣬΢Ҳߣضݣ΢ոյûãȻ˽
£ߵȷûӾܾΪȻзһ֮ᱻҵͬĻʧȥʹ߿ıǮ
Ҵ˿̻ھЩ£֪ǵ߾ȻǲֻعĵС֪ôŬͻữΪС
ڵˣֱ֮ȥ磬ͼһԣ΢һŵ΢һϵˣʲôð취˵ɡ
΢֪Խ˵ʵɳ֣֮ԼΪȥһͱˣҲΪˣؼʱߣ߾ߡ
֮ǰ֣ǼΣգвͻ
Ҳ΢쾯ӣ֮ǰСЩ֮ʱ΢д㣬ھ͵ʵҽڣʱ֣ɱԺˮˮ
һȴ¶ɫΪڣΪ쾳ôͻƣҲ֪Ѷ꣬ǿڣҪٽڣٶϣҪڶʱͻƣܣǡ


һǧİٶʮһ 
˵ͻȻˡ
ΪͻȻ뵽ҪڶʱΪʵϲ췽ҹ̷˵ˣǾǻпܡ
ȥЩԼͨǸطϵΪֻΨһ鷳̫ա
һ쾳ӵ˽ӵ˿׻һͨΪ磬κһ쾳СΪԽߣǾԽԽǰȥðա
Բ̰ð϶ȴһҲûϵ
ⲻ˵쾳ֻʵϣһЩݾģ·ʤȣݾ±ߣκνݾա
쾳ҪΪ̽ѰһΪ֮أ硣
һΪ磬棬ʸûУһȥͿܻᱻĿֲϢɱֻ쾳ʸΪ̫գ쾳һ档
磬Ҳ֮Ϊ쾳ķ֮硣
߾Ǳ߸磬Ҫ֪֮ΪΪ磬Ϊһ룬Ҫٳͱý硣
ʵϣ統нҪƴɱģųɾŵ쾳˶棬ϹһǱ쾳ˣûƴɱԸʲô´Զ棬ֱԪľΪֹ
ΪˣǸطŻᱻ硣
˼˵һ룬㣬ҲĹ֮硣
һ˵΢һĺ棬˿ߣʵ㲻ǳˣ
Ҳһ˵˵仰ʱ϶ǴŨŨľ֣Ҫ֪ڵˣǱ߽ѹʱ϶˿ûо⡣
ڣ¶Եľ£ǻ䵽ʲôֲĻ顣
΢û׷ʣǿߣԼ˵
ãϵıŻָһЩŵܳһ⣬ʵϣҲĳֻãлһǿĴǩԼôΪˡ
һ£΢ȷ൱棬ΪһԾ߶˿Ĵڣ˿̣ϾȻǾ֣һӡ
Ҫ֪ô˵Ҳڣֱ仯˵ȷһ㡣
˵Ұʵ뵽ģֻ磬ԴʤǰǣȥãֻҪȰһ䣬ȥͷΪһȥԶ棬ң㲻һǧԡʱ˵û֮ǰʢˣģһϡ
΢óһ˲ûƭ˼˵ҲǼΪϿңٸղһ仰ߵĻ
ڵľ棬΢Ҳû·ߣǼ֮΢Ѿǵ˸飬Ȼʱȫ΢֪άֲ˶á
ǾߣֻΪԼвͽͻɱֺ֣ԥԼԵɺϾߣʱ֣ڶ֮أѾǱߴݻˡ
־ʹ΢޷ֻ߽ݾ
Ϊֻ߽ݾܿΪ
һѡ񣬶Ψһѡ񣬼Ȼˣ΢ȻϸѯҪ֪ĶʳҲûᷳҲûطȥڶ֮΢
ԭӦǵˣڣ֣һ̸Ȼһϧ
΢֪ҪԸߣʵϲҪȡֻ֮Ϊ˸𣬶ڶԴϣҪȾǿ̫ࡣ
ھӣҵĵӣе£ҵѣ꣬һͬ˵ֵܣΪ֮λãȻҳ֣ҷ磬һɱ˳ȶԲԼҲԲ¾ֵͬܡ
ս̸ߺ΢ѾΪ·ֻ̫ãþû˳̸ԾȻǵһЩյĹ
΢ҲľζҲߣֻżѯһЩϸڡ
˵Ҳûʲô˵ˣ΢ڵ飬Ҷʹ˵˵˽һ漣ʮ꣬ʹһͨˣһ·쾳ʱһţˣȷһ˲ļһ
УŸп
΢һЦγԣֻΪٶȿ죿


һĶ Ϊ
ֻˡ߿ڵʱ䣬һֱ飬Ҵһʼͺ˵ĺ磬ȥףǾˣǲܣһ⣬Ҫ֪֮⣬ĲɸԣҪѧΪ㡣
ԣһ˵ʽ뿪Ǿһ΢Ц
߿Ц㻹Ҫȥ˵һ˲ˣη֮绢ȴԼϸҪȥһ
룬ֽŵҪ֪˽ж쾳ˣ࣬ԹҲв٣Ǵûһȥģдԣˣֻǣ޷뿪һ޴ûԸȥΪȥˣһ
㻹š΢ɲΪȻ
Һ˵һˣ⣬ңҲ뿪һ˿ûΣ̾˿֮Һû˵΢˲ܶҵθڣǿԳΪѵģΪѣȰ㲻Ҫȥпٽ;ңûлֵͻ档Ȱ
΢ͷ㣬ٿǿǣ磬㻹֪ʲô˵ɣҲ˵ˣѣѣӦ֪޲޲Ŷˣ˵ģˣϺõҪһݡ
ĿɿڴΪģ΢Ȼ˵ٿǿǣɿӣѾǾˡ
ҪȻôϸʲô
ܿ죬ϰ̳ڵϣȥһƬȻǹͷУҲһ֮Ҫأſһͽһ̳Ӿˮ¡
ʹ죬ãȻ֪ҾͶ㡣߲˲죬ʼ˵
һ˵ϲ˵һ¡
һ£΢߾Ⱦƽ̸߽ļΪϸ£֪Ķ΢˵ˣ΢óûж㱣
֣ȤȰһ䣬ȥҿģҪֲٱǧ̽ģ֮һûУԣҶ֪ᷢʲô£ҵģֻΪﾻߣûбҪա߶΢˵һ䡣
΢ЦȻ֪޲ԣ΢ҲҴţʵ˵ҵģֺֹһߡ
˵ţ΢ԼʱΪһ飬նɱĹȻڡӻĴ֮ӡסľҲһ顣
˵֮΢ʣ֣ƣ㣬᲻ðȥ
ѾĿɿڴ
΢Щ飬ֱţˣҲЩ飬ֹȡ
ȷ£лܿ΢ôܷŹԼ֪ϣããҲеġ
ˣ˵֣㵨Ҳ̫ˣ̫ˡѾ˵ˡ
ϸ룬˾ŵ΢󲿷ֶѾˣǵˣûа㻯ĿԣԼֻǵһߣѾ䵽ⲽأ΢һξ͵ֱǰ޹˺ߡ
ҵӲֻǱƵġ΢Ц
һˣȥ磬Ͼطܶû˵˵žˡ
λǴ߳˵Ҫ΢У˵ټ򵥲ˡ
֮ǰ΢߷һ߶ʱڿ϶鷳ΪԷ֪ߺ΢ѾǳͬˣΪʲôͨûбʤİգԲ
˵ֻҪǱھ֮صżһЩž߸ðա
˵΢һЩʱģ߶֪ʱ䲻̫
꣬߹ҪʱǱ΢ӡڵˣҲʱпܳ
΢ץʱ䡣
ڴڿռѷһȱڣˣǵ֮޷ֵһɱıױһǳҵ߷ʱûеһʱ䱻ΪպһԿƼȱķ߿˵ֻʱǼ̾٣ҪҲһ뷨ӹȱһء
΢˵ͷһ㣬þŶֵŶл֮ټһЩɻӦÿԵֵǼȱ΢ڵʱյĵһ淨´ϣֵ֮


һĶ ȷ
΢Ҫȥ飬ɳֻ֪֮ȻҶǵĲѣȰֲ֪˵
ʱ΢һң΢ãŵܲܲȥ
΢֪ǵԼֻϸǹȥҲԣպҪӦΣѶ̫
Ͼ΢ڵĿɲһ쾳˾ŵ͵֪һԷػӭ΢ͶɳľǻԵĴ
ΪԼҲΪɳ΢ֻȥðա
еǣ΢ӵ뻳£˷ǰȥһ꣬꣬ᳬ꣬Ѻ˵ã֮󻹲ᶯͨŲƵһС磬Ӽꡣ
ҡͷꣿˣ˵꣬ǼǶϲȥ
΢ԣ֪˵û쾳˵С磬Ѳ˶ʱ䣬ǽ־ˣҪҵҲȷò˼ʱ䡣
ԣһҪ½ͷ΢ؿڡ
˷ȥ磬΢Լ֪׼Ҳ̸ǻһתǶɹһѹأֺδ㣿
΢һ䡣
룬һ㣬꣬ÿճϢɽˮ֮䣬ζ壬ֻֻһ㣬ʱ㣬ʱҲ㣬ΪӣӣҪġ

ڣ΢һ˺ͽǰĿռ˺ѣ˺һռѷ졣
Ϊ죬˺ռ練ơ
վһԣѾ֪΢ѡ񣬵˿𾪣һ
֣㵱ˣǱȽ磬ûѡУѾ˵ĺΣأּ쾳ȥҲ޻أôͲȰ˵һ䡣
΢Цݾһɶԣ
ߵͷһҸұ֤
Ǿ㹻ˡ΢ʱѾռѷ쵱У룬ת֣еУͽȥϢ߶Էţ飬ҲԲһ֮ǰǺͶ֡
˵꣬΢Ѿǽռѷ쵱С
һ㶣ϸƷζ΢һ仰ǻȻ
һ·նͷЩȥ磬¾ˣҲмɵмɵͲΪΪ
Ȼ΢жǾԱܵģ͸¶ȥֺʱɳרһ΢ΪһЩˡ
ߺ΢쾳ˣ˵ǾҪѰ𣬶õ
ʱǶǰȫġ
˵΢ռѷ֮󣬾ͰԣٷռѷıԵգ֮Զһͨ
Ǹͨ޴ޱȣһε֮ɫ
ֹâ˲Ϣ䣬֮΢ֻǱһĹɨǸоɨĵطѾǽ˱˪
ðԵĺ΢ͫһ֪Լҵˡ
˿ֱϵı˪΢ת֮Ƭ֮㽫˪ȥֻǱЩĹɨУܵԴԴϵı֪֮ˡ
΢ʱȡǽ֮עȫһðĳ
΢һͬƵķϣɵȱܻҲǿַ
һ׼΢Ǵһ棬ɺӿڣͬʱ΢ڳȥ
𺣻ûͱȱ֮𣬺ڽŻ𺣣΢ѾǾڲɾ롣
һ̣΢ϵĻ淨ǻӿ
΢ٿոսڣϵĻ淨ѾǾܲסϮֱӱ顣
ʱ΢ҲܵĿֲ׼⼫ȱ֮Խ
ڣ΢һʱ͸ܵһĺ硣
Ӽȱ֮˲ͿԽһбֻƬʱ䣬΢ϵĻ淨¾ѾǱϱ飬ı
ʱ΢Ѿǽ硣
˿΢˹ֵǼȱ֮Ťͷһﻹ֮ܿǰڣտҲ
ͬ˵磬Ϊ;һ磬ǲ뿪ġ
쾳Ҳûá
΢ԣҪ˺ѿռ䣬ع˽綼Ҫǿٱǧ޷˺Ŀռ䡣
µһҪ£ȡů
΢ڵΪֺ֮£ְϢʱ䣬Ϣһ΢ҲǱɡ


һĶ һ
΢Ҫʲô
ߺ˵ģڵҪһӻ赲ޱ޼ʵıѩ磬ֱѩԣһŰʮ죬֮һգʱ򣬾Ҫһ磬ɱһͷޣƤ£˲ֵܵ硣
߸߹΢һӻ֮أʱܣȻҲҪеһ۾ͿԱӻ֮أɽ죬еģڵ΢̧ۿȥһԲĵطûС
޴ޱȣǱѩνһ۰ѩʡ硣
Ϣʱ䣬Ҫҵһӻ֮أѶȺܴ󣬵ҲҪԡ
΢ԸǴ˽磬˿̣ȴ಻֮ڵ΢Ȼġ
ܿ죬΢ͷһ֮
һ޴˴ʮ΢ٶȣعǿ磬ҲֻϢͿɵ
΢һϢ֮ѾǸֻ׼ʱ΢ͣ˽Ų
Ϊ֣ǿյģѾһס͡
λסȻҲ΢˿ɢ˼Ϊֲƣһ̣Χĺ綼𶯡
ֻ΢֪⸽Զĵطֻܾôһӻ֮أ򵥵˵òӻ֮أ΢ܿͻĺ
쾳ҲԵֵع
΢ֻһ·ߡ
λסҲһ΢־ɱǰߵڣʱĶҲǰͲסһŭ̽һԴ
һͷ޴ޱȵǡ
ǶԷԴҪ΢ö࣬ⲻһǡ
΢ܸоԷϵǳԽ΢֮ǰ޵Ϣ˵ͷ΢һ
ǻطôһͷǣԻһСˡ
ǵ˽磬Ҳɱκһˣ쾳ˣҲǵĶ֡
̫ǿˣڵ΢оǿޱȵв
˿̣ͷǾôһ˫Ѫ۾΢ǿޱȵ֮
΢ܿóǸԼͨ뺣ҪԼ뿪Ȼ΢ӽ絽ѾȥʮϢ΢ʱ䲻ˣ΢ѾǸо˺䣬ֺѾ裬΢ûκ·ߡ
˵ҪӦڱӻ֮صһѩڹȥȻ󣬾ǵһˣɱȡƤޣڿҪǰһˡǶ΢΢ǶǵëƤ
ԷëƤܺſһů·һĺв΢ˡ
ƺҲ΢ߣͷȷ˹˲ͳ΢ҧ˹ȥ΢Ա߶ܣǷצץ˹
צϷޱȣ֮΢ɣڵԼצУǲҲˡ
̫ˣֻ統ֲҰ޵еһֶѡ
΢ٴζԷצͬʱһȭ
΢ȭҲǼΪǿһȭôǵĸ޴Ǵķɳȥʮ⣬ֻһȭɱһ۷˵΢˿һȭϣȴ·һӲޱȵһ
ǳʹٴһΣϾһ磬ٶ֮죬˲Ϣ֮͵΢ǰ
΢һȭȥһ̣ͱһε絯˶ײɳȥ֮⡣
Ѿ쾳ˡ΢оޱȣȻ֮ǰô˵֮ǰЩŵģϾ쾳жͻƣ΢˭ȻôһֻͨҰ޶ֱͨǲ˼顣
Ƚ˽練һС磬磬Ĵ硣
ѾʮϢʱ䣬΢֪ץʱˡ
ƽɱȥ
һս΢˵ȫ֣ϾȲ΢ܺͨ쾳Ტۣɶ΢һˣֻ·һ
ʮϢʱͷǾͱ΢նɱ
ʱ򺮷ƽЩԲ΢æս֮ͷϽ
֮ȻɺޱȣûֿԽ˻ĺ磬΢оࡣ
СݲݣȻһɼΪȳζ΢ʱЩС¡
˵ĻȡůͬʱϢָͷ
ʱ΢һŤͷһȴǿһѿݲݵðһë׵Դ


һĶ ݡǧѩǣһ
΢ԱһѿݲݵУȻһë׵ԴһӦ
ϸһ΢ûж֡
ݲһͷǡ
ȻһͷѾţ˶٣΢óǺ֮ǰԼԼնɱһ塣
Ҳ˵꣬ǵ;ͻ峤ʮɵȻҲΪˣ΢ſԿ϶һͷǡ
Ȼ֮⣬ǻһ¶໽ûʲôв
ֶӵʱӣһ꣬ǾǼΣաһ룬΢֪ôˡ
ֲԼһǾͿʼԼԼųϢ֮ҲˣΪǵԼ
һᣬԸޣҲֻˡϾҪҧ΢΢ִС
ֻ΢ǣΪʲôԼ֮ǰȻһ㶼ûвǣ
ΪԷС
ܣ΢˵һͷǣһֱϣҲӵù΢ĸ֪ոգ΢ȷǺ޲
£΢ڵĲݶѡ
ϸһ΢ͫһ֪ʲôطˡ
ݶĲݣЩһ㡣
էһȥͨͨϸͿԿЩݵĲ֮ͬȻǿݲݣȴǼΪͣúܴܳϣҿݲ渽һ㼫Ϊص΢оƬ̣ȷֲݿһ̽顣
֮ǰݶܣȻ޷΢̽ԼðԴ΢Ҳֲ
ȻֿݲһֱҲ֪Ǵʲôط㵽ģȻѡ
΢ǣݱһ£ǱҪԼͲˡ
Ȼܿ죬΢ͷһмֵ飬ǾݵıůȻǵëƤ
֮ϲ
˿̣ŵķѩѾԽԽ΢ĿȥʮѩХ
ɲһĿ磬Ҳһߵıѩܱ紵ɳȥҪôǻ
΢ﶼȥҪʮ졣
΢ûдӣҲΪĶ΢ȻСҲܴ΢ϸоΣա
һһޣܿ籩ѩ
֪˼գŵķѩǵûбС֮ƣ΢ܸоʼ𶯣طֲסǱѩݻ١
Ҳ£һֱڲݶﲻ
΢ûţȻʱʱ̵̿սľ֪ٵҲûãæ¶
΢¶ѾȻƺʺ΢֪ٶȶ԰ꡢǧġ
ֿݲ£ǲޱȣһЩõѡŵѩˮʪʱб֮֯û濾ʮʱ䣬ҶǾͽһá
³˿赲̽飬һ֮΢ȻǸоůࡣ
ǵʬ壬΢ƤҲһϣһ΢һЩԾԾԣҪ߳ȥԡ
΢֪ɡ
ŵĿ統УѾУڴͷ·һ˺ܶۼ
΢ԹӲȣȫ֣ľºۼ˵ŵķ֮ǿҲͬһ쾳֣ڳȥࡣ
΢ۿ֮һɽͷͱϵķи֮ھȻǱɽͷƽˡ
ɽͷ֮ǰ΢Ǽսʱܹ΢Կ϶ǣ΢ƴȫ뽫ɽͷ飬˭뵽ŷŰȻˮʯĥɽƽһɽͷƽ
֪ŷеĿֲκһˣֻ֮´
⻹㣬ԽԽһʼŵѩͳ˱裬ŷƣһͬɽһŰ΢оͷƤ飬Ҳֲ߽ôֲ侳֪һ㶼ûпš
Լֻǿһǣ㿴˿µһĻعγɵķױͿɱ쾳ˣ˵˭統дȥֻˡ
ҹ΢ǬУȡ˵ʳιǸӡ
΢һˣ統УҲ겻ԷӲУȻ統еޣŵ棬ԳưһƥУϾֻһǣóԶ
СһȻǷеĿ־壬ֻЩ죬춼΢ʶģȻǽ΢һ㣬ʳ


һĶ ݡǧѩǣ
˵΢Ϊ棬նɱǣûԣҪԴ΢ϣ΢һ룬ȡιӡ
԰ɣĸɥ֣޳ԹһҲһ㲹ˡ΢
ŵıѩʮſˣҪȥҲõȵǸʱ
ӵķ΢ԤϵĻҪܶ࣬΢ǬеʳһСˣԸ壬ӳԶ٣΢͸١
вһЩ⣬һЩϡ
ת֮䣬ʮ͹ȥŵķѩҲҲ΢ĺ죬΢ǣǵǳ죬ʼ΢ӵʱҲţСʮʱȻѾǳ峤ɵޡ
Ȼ΢նɱĳҪС̫࣬ΪһֻޣѾ൱ˡ
ŵ˽磬ȻҲһı׼
츳˿̣Ҳн۷һʵֲģϵƤëޱȣɵֵ󲿷嵶̣צޱȣ΢Թ˽һּΪķȥҧֻƬ̣Ǽͱҧ顣
֮ޣ΢˲һ壬ٶȼ죬צǷŵ˽磬۷˶δĵ֡
գŵķѩͣˡ
Ѿ⣬΢ʱһȭȥƬѩһҲǳ˵ơ
һȭƸ࣬鲼档
һȭѩѣ޴ȭ£ڵıѩһ𣬱ȭŷɳžЩӡ
Ҳ˲Ϣֹͣ
΢Ų£Ƥ߳
ȻԶ쾳ˣ˲Ƥı΢Ȼо䣬Ҫ˵֮ǣǲҪˡ
ãڿؼգ˵ֻһ޷ѩǾǽˣҵҪǲͬ˵Լİٶȡ΢˵ֳ꣬ӵҾʹ˷ֱԵټ
˵ǷӶ
΢ٶȺεȿֲΪҪ·ѩ΢Ҫ˼ܿһɽȵҵһŵ
˽УɽУ˽ҲУֻȻĵطȫͬ
ǸźԶ΢ԸܵⵤϿֲϢ
Ϣö˽鵤һϢǿޱȵҪ֪쾳󣬼ûʲôҩ΢ۡ
Ͼ΢۽Ѿ̫ߣЩνĶҩ΢֮ڣҲʲôЧһ˿ˣһˮԽʣʮͬһˮûʲôЧڣ΢ȵֹٱǧ򱶣ǰһˮǱˮнô
һˮҲͬٱǧ򱶣ǽͲͬˡ
ֶͿ԰΢Ϊϸ΢㹻ļӳ֡
Ϊ֮·ԽϣԽѣ
Ϊһ̶ȣֿԴĶͻãˣԱһΣһ硣
ǰһ뷹ԣΪﵽһ̶ȣһ뷹ֱ΢һ㣬ҪջۣҲһ
ڣ΢ֵϴŵϢǧ˽ĵ΢кôġ
߹Ȼ˵ûȻΣͬҲᣬһöȥֵ˽һˡ΢ʮָˣ뵽ȥժ
ֻһ̣һ΢ԺϮ
΢Ӧ죬ʩչλһܿһ磬ٿȻһ֧ߵļʸ
ʸʣ̺ȴǴˣ΢ˡ
ż֮Ȼûʹ˰ݡ
Ϯһֱǽ΢Ƶ˺ʮʱ΢ҲԶ˸Ӱ
ˡ
˵ˡ
΢һ࣬źصëƤ·Ѫ֮ǿѾˣֲǣ΢ܿóԷϵģ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
ͺһ
ò˵˼ޱȣҪ֪΢Ǵײķ˽һһߵ˾磬֪˶ٿѣһߣ˺ޣ˵΢оĽ
ֻڲЩʱһǳɣʸϵشɱ΢ͷ΢Ȼ
΢һ䣬̧־һƴȥƽʱһƣԽһɽƽǴ˿̣˽ǰȻǱðһѪ֮ɢ
Ч΢ͷһͻȻ˵ֻ֮û뵽Ȼ˶Ըˡ
ʱǱһ˿΢ϵƤͲ£ɫ䣬ȡһﴵ졣
ƣƺԴǧ֮⣬΢ܵľò


һĶ ݡǧѩǣ
΢ˣԷȡһţǣ֮ǧ
ֻƬ̣΢͸оϰǿޱȵϢ˷ӿ
˹֣ûټǴң׼΢ܿΧ½½һľ֡
еֳֵеŲֳֹӹ׼΢
ˢˢˢ
ҲʮϢ΢ѾǱΧס
˵ʵ΢ȻɵԷмʸϴŵв΢ϾѰ쾳ˣΪѾ൱ĳЩ滹ҪǿԷ
ֳ棬һ쾳ڱȻӦ﷭ֻ΢ڡ
˿̣Ѿǳֱ֡
һ̣΢Ʒ˱仯·ձʣ޾ƣԺһ㣬ӵı
Դ˿Ȼϰٵʸ׼΢ɫ塣
Ӧֳֳֻƴܾˣʦ΢аռݾԵơ
ЩȻôΪ϶Լռơ
ˣ־ܣɱǧѩʥ飬ͱǧѩСʱ򣬾˵һĲߣȴǼΪϵ߳˵ûõûùֻһľȣϵƺƤһ㡣
ʣӦǳһ
΢һԷĻôˡ
˵ıȻԼնɱͷǣû뵽ͷǾȻʲôǧѩ顣
΢˿ҲûӽͣʱҲԼΪԱ˵ʵǵȷҲ΢ˣߣ˵һСĶ
ܳΪ飬Ҳ֣ϾһڷУǳԽĴڡ
ûãΪ΢ܷնɱͷǣҪԼ־ܣǳ롣
˿΢д֣дһء֡
ͬʱЩ˼΢жΪ΢Ҫ֣ż
ɲ֮䣬ټ뷢
˵գ֮䣬΢ͻᱻټĶоû뵽ǣļʸʮ׾һͷڵϡ
еļʸһͷ·˲䣬ʸٱһһȻǷɲȥ
˿̣һؼʸûһԿ΢֮ڡ
ͬʱ΢һץսһʸץ
ʸһ΢ов΢֪ûϵؼͷϡ
ôһ΢ŷ֣ͷĽΪ⣬һ
˵ֽǿȫƣͬרſ˵Ķһ㣬΢ֲûов
ֻǰ΢ûмƵĽȻز
ո΢ʦдء֣ΧӳԷļʸɳ̻֮ٱûһ֧Էɵ΢ϡ
ЩȻ죬ͬʱֳֵľ˻ǸҲˡ
ʱһɫӰһ˹΢ǰȻЩ˵ͺХС
΢һⲻô
Сһô׷ˣ
΢ͬʱͼǧѩľ˼СǣǾޱȣڶ˷·ʲôʥ֮ǹؿͷ糯ʥһ㡣
΢Цˡ
֪ܴˣӺԼദһ£ѾǽԼһ㣬Ȼ˵ЩţʵϾˡ
΢Կ϶ʱԼնɱǵʱСӸճûãѹʲôԼȥˣͲ
ֻ΢û뵽ǣСӾȻһ·׷Լʵڲ򵥡
СӻţЩǧѩҲûӶˣϢģˡ
Ȼˣ΢ҲûնǣǰȥժһöǱԼһޣֻϧ̫٣ֻһöܶһ͸ˡ
СһֱԼ΢Ķ͸ĶұСʵҲһȻˡ
ȷҪң΢ζߣûӣֻ̧ͷʵ
һУ˼ƺ˵Ǹˡ
Уž͸Űɡ΢Ҳûӣˣٶȼ죬ҲҪ˶ãֻҪ΢Ͳٴˡ
΢ʹѰƵĵر׼һ缾úֻǻû΢뿪Ⱥǧѩľˡ
ǵ̬Ⱥ̫ࡣ
Ū˰΢֪ЩǧѩȻǽǵǵػ飬ǵĿģǽӽӻȥ
΢Ȼ֮ãҪʱ磬Ȼûʱһƿߡ
ֻȻֻ׼Լ˭ߡ


һĶ ҹħ
ǧѩΪʲôὫǳ֮Ϊػ飬ΪһƬ޴ֻǧѩһڣҪ棬ҪԿֲɱ쾳˵ıѩһֹ
ֹﱻǧѩ֮Ϊҹħ
ںڰߵѪûֶ֪ʲôǧѩ£Ҳûֻ֪ÿҹħϮʱػһƬ赲ҹħǵĲ塣
һ֣ǧѩǣǧѩͬ
΢£ǧѩŽɳжԴֻΪӵԭǧѩЩìܡ
Ǽϣӳ֮ͬǧѩ壬Ȼٶ΢䣬ӿǻɱ˵ġ
ͬҲ΢뿪΢ǽػ顣
ΪǧѩǴϵһ仰ͻǴҲǴˣ΢Ե⣬˫ֲʱǧѩܵʥˣ㽫ػǧѩ壬ǻ㹻ʥ
΢Ūǧѩеʥֵʱͷˡ
磬ûбѩֻһ죬һʱ䣬΢ҵٵƵĵر
˵΢üѰұӻ֮أ֮ǰǸΧǧûκмֵĶ΢һֱ
˵ǧѩһõطٿ΢ȹһ缾
΢ͬˡ
ˣǲûκ̤㣬ǵһԵǵĵطһжǵġʱ򾯸һ䣬΢һȥҲû취еİ취ϾǧѩǶǲ˵̫ҪûǧѩػһҹħϮǧѩ嶼
ִ۲ǧѩܳܵģ΢˽ǲ壬ҲֻܴӦ
Щľ޴ǧѩˣ΢һ·
ЩǧѩǿֱЩ˽ר˶ҪǿֹϾعΪ⣬ط͵һǿ󵽼
ǱһЩ˷ɵĶ죬ѩٶȾ͸죬֮⣬ЩԶԺܶߣһĵԸǵƤǷ
һ·߹ȥ΢ǿԽǧ룬Զһ޴ĴһƬ޴ɽ֮ϡ
Χǽþľʯģ߶ȳʮɣǾľ֮ÿһ߰˻֣ӲʤʯҲ쳣ؼ̣ҲֻΧǽֵܵסѩϮ
Χɽ£ףһ˪֣Ȼ¶ȼͣС׹У֪
Ҫֻһ·Żͱѩĵ·ǰУ΢Ѿֽ̤ʵصʱ
󲿷ʱ䣬ҪȥʲôطֻɹȥֱŲƹȥɡ
θǧѩһ·΢ʶһ㣬ǹƴԼ֮ǰ壬ԳЩǧѩһ˿϶С
Ϊǧѩ˵٣ǽУһ飬֪ǧѩҲˡ
ȦһЩëţǧѩ˲١֮⣬΢ұ΢һ뵽ֿвԼļͷ
ǧѩȻ΢ʱʱ̶̿ʮǿǧѩսʿӡ΢ҲԳУȡٵ
΢һۣ֪ЩԼҵһһģһ
һʮԼģʮĸ
ʮĸ㹻ȥ΢ʮĿޣ΢Ȼ˷ޱȣҪ֪ʮ꣬쾳Ķʮ꣬һ缾ڼ䣬΢ԽΪһ㡣
£˽磬΢Ҫڶ̶һʱ̶ֳȵǲܵġ
Ȼ΢ѡǧѩ壬ȫΪЩΪҪһ˽硣
֮ǰ鱨Դߣ߱Ͼ֪ޣΣ΢ǧѩд̽һ
ֻǽ΢Щʧ
Щǧѩ΢δĽ׶Σһ֪ϸҲϾﻷ̫ӣǧѩһˣ֮ǵһĿģģҲ벻ôԶ
΢ҲһǧѩڵһɽʵһɽԿɳһұɿɱΧҰޡǧѩկΧұԨ棬ʵϾǧѩһĽˣᱻ˻װȻԨ
Ϊţ˵ػǵĴկ
΢ȻֲΧ棬˼ȵĺ֮⣬ȻֻĹ֣һԼ޵ľűɡ
ܻǿ


һǧİٶʮ ǿϮ
һʱķǳ죬ȵ֮µķ缾ˡ
һʱ΢ǧѩڶ̶̵һʱռʳϵ¶ǾԵЧʣ΢κεļ嶼ҪЧʡ
΢һͣһޱȵıݵУһʮ־޴Ļ裬֮ҪůĶࡣ
޴ıݣǧѩȫĵطڷ缾ٵʱֻвĸŮߺͺͯԶԱ΢ǲܽ˴ûӣǸ΢ˣΪ˱һͷǧѩǣǧѩֻ΢ݡ
΢ߣмɱڵǧѩսʿ΢ͺǱͬͯųˣʵϣ΢ֵƵᣬЩһǧѩʮֽš
ΪǺ΢ս֪ʮֿ£һǧѩϿ΢Ǹ΢벿塣
Щ΢޹ؽҪǧѩ׼㹻ʳһԱߴã΢ԼһĽϥ
ʮö΢ҪʱֵȻԿһ˵ΪͬҲʲô˶ġ
ǧѩ˽ֵ֮ΪʥΪֶԾȻǱսʿǧѩǿ̬΢ǼʶģǿȻ΢ֱ£ֻյһɵһɵԾȻǧѩˣһ˵ֳЧͿɼһߡ
бӻ֮ضܷ缾΢ͲˣͿʮöΪ
һһȥķԽԽо޴Ļ裬Ɽ¶Ҳ͡
ݵУǧѩ˶˾ֵӳ˯ǳԶ⼸ʱЩǧѩҲ΢Ĳ֮ͬ
ÿ춼Ҫʳﲹǿޱȵ΢Ҫ
Щ죬΢˵֮⣬ʲôûгԣǧѩ˿ǲ˼飬΢Ҳ֪ʿ˺Ĳˡ
ǳǿ֮⣬ʲôֻ£ҪԷˮ˯΢һһ˲һǴ淨ѾҪͨԷܡ
գ΢ȴǸо˿Լ
ӵһʱͷ棬΢̧ͷһȴһǧѩһС
СͬӣȻģȥСһѾǿ΢ˡ
˿̣ͯһʳ⣬н͵΢ǰ
ԣԣͯа˵
΢һЦû˵ʵǺС˵ʲô˵ˣҲᶮץһ⣬
Ǻͯ΢ˣ˵㵸аǻᴫȾģ΢Ҳͷɡӣǧѩ˶΢Ҳûʼľ裬Ͼ΢Ǻ޵⣬ֻһ޺ӣʱ䳤ˣЩ΢ǧѩսʿҲûʼĵӺͽš
еʱǻ΢˵˵
ǧѩ˻ƣƣڷ缾ٵʱõ֮ʱ䣬ǧѩ΢Ⱦƣѯ΢
΢ЩǧѩϣҲʲôԼ˵ʲô
ȥ˫ͬһ㡣
ʿΪʲôҪɱǵػ飿һΣһǿ׳ǧѩ̲סʵ
΢شʮּ򵥣ΪǵػҪɱҡ
ǧѩ˰ΣҲƶǶĵ˵ͷ
΢˵飬˽磬ǧѩʲôʲô֪֪ڵĵط硣
缾ҵʱʱʱ̶̿о޴ĺХǿ׳ǧѩˣҲٳȥ
պһ΢ϣűȾ죬ʱ䳤ˣѾγϰߡ
û΢ȾƣҴ֮ǰ΢Ϳǧѩսʿϣ˴ûйء
ֻкͯϣа
΢óˡ
촫ض𶯣Ǳ֮ڣҲһ־ƺԴĳײһһΣͷ·һͷײһ
ǧѩսʿصëףٴС΢֪ǧѩ岢ֻôһݣϾҲֻˣ˷ֱݵжܷ缾
һ̣΢һ޴춯
ĳݱƵ죬֮⣬źкɱڷѩХС
ҹħˣҹħˣǹǵǽѾǵĴɱǵˣʿǣǵĲ塣ѩУ˴ϵ


һ ΢
֮ڴ󲿷ǧѩ˶һأЩ˼ԥٻ֮£ëƤףǵ޶
Ȼڷ缾ʱҹħɱܻŻĿ̫ãЩʿûһ˿һľ£ΨһеǶ޶Ĳᡣ
ʿտҵĶӣٻҪȥ壬ϧػ꣬԰ǵֵҹħĹһ΢ȾƵǧѩʱֳһĳìŹ΢
еĶӣ֮ǰ΢ͳԵǸͯ
˵֮λʿԥһߵſڣʮսʿ˱ݡ
ķѩֺܴ΢оһֿ־壬ʣ³ȥûսҲᱻ
΢֪Ͳ˵ǧѩˣһʱ֮䣬֮ڵǿ
Ҳֽԣϵ˻ȻʼʱҪ˺ܶ࣬΢նɱͷǻҪ̫ࡣ
Ȼʱɲκóġ
΢ЩӵĿֱڶǧѩɻĿ⵱ȥ
ŵĲսʿ΢߹ҲϽǿܶԷһʱ䵲΢ǰ
΢ȻöͣҲûЩʱ䣬ʱ䣬΢ҲһЩȻ󲿷Ƶãá
ͬ䡣
һŵĲսʿǷ·𶳽һ㶯ãһ̣΢ѾŶ
ӣʱ΢ͷȳһ׼뿪Ӹ˻ȥ
һ̣΢չֳӦеɱӵͷ໽˼ֻ˻ȥ
΢
ѩȻ΢Ȼ΢ϴž£ƤǸܵǳǵĺ䡣
ַѩ֮£΢Ϊ֮£Ҳְܼʱ
΢ϣʱǰ鷳
浽ǧѩսʿʬ壬ֻеʬ嶼Ʋȫʬһ㣬ƺǱѪ⡣
΢ͫһ
ǧѩ˿ʲô΢ңˣܿЩǧѩѹһа֮£еѪ⾫ǡ
΢нڿǰǧѩսʿںһźӰɱ
һźӰر޴󣬷·һͷһ㣬ֻһźУʣǧѩ˿еҹħ
ǧѩȻǿޱȣȻҹħĶ֣΢õҹħȻʩչƬ֮䣬ͽһǧѩɱͬʱʳѪ⾫ǡ
ʣµļǧѩ˻ŬƴɱȻǾԲҹħĶ֡
У΢˺ԼȾƵǸǧѩսʿ
ԷеĳìѾ۶ϣǺʣȥĲսʿһҹħɸʬ
ʱ΢ˣѩ΢ò־ȫΪʡʱ䣬ҲЧʡ
ƽնһ⣬ڴ֮ǰ΢Ѿʩչҹħж
ģټ΢ȫ֣һնҹħı΢նΡ
ֻǵûʬ΢ϵĸоҲնʵ壬΢̷Ӧҹħһ塣
΢ޱȡ
ʿллǼµǧѩսʿʱǰ˵ͬʱԶֲֻ֪ҹħڰѩԵļΪԡ
˻ȥ΢û뵽ҹħȻһֻ֮ǰԣΪҹħֻһڿҹħЩͳơ
ôֻ΢ӦЩһӵϣ׼΢֮⣬ǧѩսʿǱɡ
˵΢Ѿὣɱȥ
΢ûǧѩγɵǿĿǣ²ƤҲҰ̫á
սپ΢ĿǰܲȡΨһս
Щҹħʵ΢Ԥ֮ϣڷ缾սȻЩҹħǱ΢ơ
΢ΪѾ񣬵һԶ࣬˽֡
֮мʸЭ΢ֻֽ
Ǽʸ״̬µҹħҲᱻˣؼֻҹħʸ䴩˲ɢ
ʣֻ΢ҲöԸ䲻Ϊʣһɨ΢ֱӽҹħĨս΢֪գѾǾʦ
ǼʸȻǸղ΢µǼǧѩսʿû뿪ѡЭ΢
ò˵ǧѩսʿȷսʿͳŻ
ʱ΢ͻУһԣڲԶһֻҹħڣһ˫ͫų⣬˿Ķ΢
һ̣ҹħȻ쳤Хһ˻
˲䣬˷ѩУ졣


һǧİʮһ ҹħ
΢ɫ䣬Ȼ缾ıѩУܵӰԼһ̣Ƿֳȥ̽
һ΢ҲǾƤ
Χҹħȫ΢ǵơ
ǧѩôֵܵЩҹħ˵ǱԼնˣûУһͷҲֵܵôҹħ
˵ǧѩذɣˣ˸棬ܰһ缾
Ӵ֮΢֪ǧѩľ˶ʮƣ֮ڣЩĺͯӦǧѩϣ
ҹħǱݣ֮ǧѩͽʧ
ʱ֮ǰǸԶ΢ҹħͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣ
˵ʵ΢û뵽ҹħ˵ǧѩţΪҹħʲôرǵĶһµĶħ
Ȼ΢Ūˡ
ҹħǿ˵ϳ΢ˣЩһˡ
΢û˵ҹħȴǷһһЦζȻ˻صѩС
΢ҹħĿģԷҪԼȥûΧЩҹħв΢ҲøȥһˣŪô¡
ҵϣ˶㵽ԲҪΧҹħ֮ƴҲûʤ㡣΢ʱǧѩ˵һ䡣
˵꣬ҲǵķӦ׷ǸҹħȥʧڱѩС
ǼǧѩĿɿڴ࿴һۣȥҴϣ˵ǣ˵΢ҹħǰУܿͳǧѩĴ
ѩˣ΢ʱ̧ͷ˿֪Ҫ˶ãͻֵһķС
ʱΣճ̶Ƚʮֹ
ǰһɽ£˿Χ鶼ҹħȥһƬڣɽϣվһˡ
˵˲䣬΢֪˺ԼһҲһ쾳ˣȻҪԼһﵽڡ
˵Ų쾳ˣϾ˽ںֹ꣬쾳Ȼ֮٣ô꣬ǻֺܶࡣ
ںܾǰ˽绹ֹôһ£ʱ쾳Ҫֻܶ࣬ڶ쾳׷Ŷ룬˵ʲô취ˡ
磬Ҳ֪˭˵統̤ܣʱ쾳˽磬û뵽ȥףϼѡ
ʱ£˽˳ϵ쾳˶磬棬ͳΪ֮أûǸ쾳ٻǰ
쾳˲֣ǧѩ壬΢Ϊ档
˿̣΢˵ͬʱԷҲڴ΢
΢ϴŵĲǰ˷һЦ΢ҲǺУЦʲôҲԷ
˴ŵĺ΢Ȼͬ
һڲ£нɫģ·мǿƺԸһУʱ΢ǸоȺ䣬嶼΢΢ԷȴͥŲһ㣬·о䡣
ģ԰ɣЦ꣬˵
΢ͷûʲôܳϵģ΢Ҳģ˵쾳˴󶼻ǻжԣϾԴȻޱȣҪռҲ죬Ͼ磬󲿷ʱ䶼ڷ缾ûзӣµֻһѡ
һʱ䣬ռ٣
쾳˾ǻɱԴܻڵ쾳ˣʣǿеǿߡ
ȻˣҲûʲôöһڿǲð׷ˡȻѹûн΢һΪ΢ǸոսˣϲʲôԴܸӦ΢Ϊֻǵڡ
һڣ˵Ķ֡
ҪһЩ֣ңҿԱ㰲ȫȻƾԼ˼ꡣ˷·ʩһ˵˵һ԰ɣȽЩѪɵȺ򣬷Ҳмǧˣż꣬ҪôѪ⾫ûӣֻܽȫɱˣ˵һЩ᲻ء
΢ȴЩ֡
΢λˣ˵ĸ򣬿ǧѩһ壿
û뵽˲мһЦǧѩһ壿ߣǸԼֶѣǾֻǸѣҵ꽫ҷнһ˷ų뿴ЩܲӦ绷Ļϣûʲôǧѩһˡ
ԣҾǵףǵ񣬵ȻǵˡһӦ΢ȴǾ


һ ѩҹɱ
˿У΢֪ǧѩһ˭뵽ǧѩһֻ쾳˹֡
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кܶڶӵĻ֮£Ҳкܶ࣬쾳֮֡
ôǧѩһӿɱģ
Ǽģǵ괴ǵˣǽǵһ㿴
ʱ΢뵽ǧѩˣ뵽˴ϣЩӢηսʿ뵽ǸԼʳС
統УѪޣôб֣Щ²ܣҲҲǵ컯ɭɭһЦ߸ϣ΢ȴɫ䣬Ѿץʦʡ
˵ȷһ֣Ͼ˲֪£΢Ǳ߸ɱ͸Ӧˡ
ͼϻֱӶ̧֣һ㣬âͬʸɱ΢
˶ֲν죬΢졣
˵΢ʦ죬һʼ΢˶ֵ׼ͬҲһǣԿ΢δؾͲԷԷΨһƾǾһηĺɫ¡
Ҫ˵΢¶Է෴΢ʦʮ˿΢һǱߵͷһ޴ĺУֱն档
һʷɽ
ʻһĺֱ°ɣ涼նһĹ֣ڸղʩչ΢ҲֵֻȻԷΪߣ΢Ͳ¾֮򣬵Ǳ˵ˡ
ֱۺ˿̸һɫ̣΢ǸоͷĿѣ
Ȼ̲һ㣬ֻʱ΢ûʱ䴦˿ڣûʱγ̣ΪԵڵĵˣȫԸв㲻ͣ¡
ʷֻ꣡
΢ʱҧֻʡ
һΣĲǽУʥԭ֮κβһ΢ͬ
ʦǸʩ֮˵ΪҲһˮǴߣûȱ£΢ȴй쾳˻ǵ
µĹʦųֱۣڷ˵ĻǴӶԷϳ
ǶԷڵˣԵҲǱսˡ
֮ǿǱ֮ǰ΢һʷɽֱУûˣֻǴĽ࣬΢ڶȴĻʹ
ɾ쾳֮ͲҪĻǱ˹Ϊû˭ܽĻǱƳ
˿̣Ǹо֣¶ԷĻǣǴԼߴˡ
˾ڻҪ˲䣬ʩչ˲ʱ䣬˷Щҹħͬˮһӿȥ
΢һ̾͸оԼ˺ˡ
ϧˣ΢̾˿ղܽԷĻ΢һоͿֱӽԷɱ
ڣһ
Ȼôãô׶Ը
΢Ȼͣ££΢ڣ¾ǲΪǧѩ壬΢Ҳ˻Լ΢ЩҹħǶԷֳġԵʱԷڶ壬ΪˣǸ˲Ż÷סԼ
΢ţֻҪԷڳͻ̶ԸԼȻˣֻΪǿҲ˵ûǧѩ壬΢˶ⲻһɱ
ˡ
΢ܸо⣬Ǳɫ̴̴ֱۺ壬Ǵܵ˿ֲĺͷ·һ嶼һ
쾳֮΢ͷһֿս
ʦյĺɫУ΢׽ƽҪ˶˵ǸˣìͶ΢ھһѹƵĶơ
΢֪Ҫһ֧ìһ֧ԶԷƵì
ԭ΢ûеģڣ΢ˡ
΢֣ٽϵ̰γȡƽתףʼֳɫ̡
֮سƶɣӵɱ쾳˵ܣ˿΢Ǵֳƽڼƽ
ķţ΢˵ͨҲǸһֻǽڻƽ棬΢Ϣ֮ɡ
ոƽһ죬ʯɽһӰ֡
֮ǰǸˣ˿̣Ȼǽҹħ뱾壬ƴǡ
˸ղų΢һ˿ȻĿ˵ֱ΢Ѿ˵ֻȡ˶ԷƽϢ˿̵ŭ
һбٶȸ΢Եһʯϣ˲䣬ʯϱնһۡ
һεķ缾뵽µĽ׶ηˡ


һ 籩
ҹħ˵ǿ󳬳΢Ԥϣ˵΢ڵмΪټĸ֣ôҹħˣټĸ֡
֮ǰ΢Ѿȫ֣ȴκβöԷ΢Ȼƽϣ΢֪ɱﵣԲãһʧܣԼʤ١
ֻǾô΢ԻʤʱͻȻķ΢ͷһðһͷ
΢ὣ֣ȴӭУתӡ
ҹħһܷŹ΢׷˹ȥ
еķԽԽ࣬·ʩչ޾ķ
΢Χ죬ֻǳǧѩ෴ķнһ춼ѾǷд΢ʱûʼֵЩС
Ϯһ磬΢ֻ̧ܵ˲΢ܣҲ΢ɳףӡ
ҿӵʱҹħŭ죬ոմһȭûн΢ɱȻԷӴܸԶȻŭޱȡ
ҹħ˴˿ҲЩżˡ
ֲ꣬ҲڷںͱϹ䣬˵ڿˡ
̫Σˡ
лãҹħǿǺһЩΪͷҲǿԿȥģھͲһˡ
ҲֲʮϢ
޲̽΢ʬΣƫƫǰ΢ûҪս˼ֻһζĿӴܡ
ұ㲻ţҿÿһ羣ұ㲻㻹ӶԶҹħʩչͨ
ͼ̧һ㣬ԶﷶΧһ֡
У鲼־ʵ壬ͬƮ޿ɱܣ΢ӣȻЩ֮ʹ
ҹħ˱Ϊ΢Ȼͣ£ֻû뵽ǣ΢ٶȲɿ챼ӡ
ôᣬѵʹҹħ¶ɫ⾣Ϊûʵ壬Ķˣ壬ɻоʹ࣬ʹɲͨʹһҲܲס
ҹħ˾þһЩĥ
˿̣΢Ѿһٶȷ졣
ʵ΢ۣܲ΢־οһ׾ݱ֯·Ȼӵ赲
ԾȻɱһ֣ʵ΢ܵĲ˳Ͼ»⡣
֮ϲ
΢ȻоʹȴܳܵķΧ
Ƭ֮΢Ѿ
ҹħҧгݣνԷɱΪѾԶѾ˾޴ķ籩š
ⶫ֮ʮ֮籩̷п˵޾ֲǣķ籩ŵУżΪµޣҹħһУЩɥļǵãʱϧΪʹѪ֮ټһĻˡ
ٽ籩֮ڣˡ
ҹħȡһһ֧С죬ǰƴСҲ֪ʲô֯ɣ͸ŵƣ֮⣬÷·ҽһĻ˿ŵʯ
ͼҹħ˻ӶС죬˲䣬С컯һŻա
ɡ
ҴӱлĶҲǳˣܽɱҲ㹻ˡҹħɭȻ˵Ȼռ
һ̣յͻȻӳһƬ죬΢̧ͷһͫһֻһ£飬ǰﷶΧ
ⲻһĻ棬ǲڵԴ𣬾һҲᱻվѪҺ˭Ϊֹˡҹħֹͣ׷оԵģԷɱ
ֻ֮ʣ˵һڣԼҲԵֵ
ɲ֮䣬ǾﷶΧ˲䱻ɻ𺣣֮ǿΧĿ籩ѩҲʱѹƣﷶΧ֮ڵɽľҲݻ١
磬һɵƻҲǼΪֲ
ҹħʱЦֻǺܿЦݾͽӲΪҪɱˣǵûбԴճɻҽٶȸ죬ȻԶķ籩š
ôҹħЩŪˣҪ֪ǷԴ𣬿쾳˵ֹ֮£Էôܻܲ
ĪǣʲôķҹħһոҲûκζԷʱЩɣ˿̣Ѿ϶Էè塣
һҹħ˸Ź΢
ͼһҧ׷ȥ


һ Ϊ
΢ʱЦ
û뵽ҹħ˾ȻõķԴԼ΢ΪԼֲסµã˾ȻǸԼѩ̿
΢ԵֵѩԴνлߵĻ᲻յԼ΢ҪЦԭ
ҹħҲ뵽Լڵʮ꣬ǵ֮µһˡ
õĻգûãᲹ΢ķ
ҹħ֪ǻķһҪķǵû˵΢΢绢
˿̣΢ֳĵ죬ӿ΢ߺ⣬΢ͿԶǾ޴ޱȵķ籩ţ˿ȫ
һ̣΢ٶ࣬Ȼ΢ܵ籩ŵͬ΢вҹħҲС
΢ΪԷ·磬ǵʹ
籩ţδؾͲܳΪ΢н
΢ѧϰʱһ֪ĵһ仰
ΪҵΪҽΪ
ģҪ˲ҪֻԼеʱûҲȡ벻Ч
ԭ΢δظҿ籩ţմԴľ潣죬ԺĵֿѾһΣѾʸա
һ̣΢һͷ˽ȥ
΢϶ҹħ˱Ȼ׷ʹӶԷ֮ǰΪ֪˼ΪԴԴ֮ˣԼäĿģԣȵԷ΢ɽļƻ
棬ҹħ˿΢ԥ籩ŵУǴһû׷ȥԥ뵽С
˲Ϊλԥ籩ţԣսթô֪ػҪȥֻ˵籩Ŷû϶ΪҲ׷ȥҪ籩ҡҹħԽ룬ԽˣΪǵΪʵ
ЦֱЦ籩ŵȷвңֻʱһǿģΪ˰ѣȴ֪ôͷһҹħЦһҲǳ籩֮ڡ
ֻҹħ˱ΪҪһЩʱѰ֮ǰӽǸˣȴû뵽΢ѹûӣûж㣬׼һ
˿΢վڲԶ˫Ȼ籩еĿӿ£΢ȴڿ統վıֱ
ĵ潣죬Ϊ΢ֵ˰˳ɵĺ
ҹħһ㶣Ҳû뵽ԷȻûӣƣԼһ
ʶҹħ˾;òֻ˼ȥҲ벻׶ԷʲộУҲӦʩչˣȵڡ
һ̣΢ɣһ˲ӷ籩԰Ƶ꽣
񽣾
΢ʱʩչľȻǲһпֵһ
΢һֱһ仰ǿ޸ߵ͡
ǵͼҲеͼôڣܵ籩ˮģֻ񽣾
ǧ£λ΢ҹħ˱˸ֲֻǱء
ͼشϵ£ҵĵ涼񶯲ԣȻһ꽣ǿǧ꽣䣬һϣϾǿĻҲԵֵ
ȵ価ҹħѾΪǱϵķºͻѾǱ鲼ƣ顣
ʱҹħѾŤû뵽ԼȻǱһϸŰӡ
Ǵȥҹħ˵ҲͱҪˡ
ϣұȡҹħΪ΢þ׼֣˭ϣ΢ڶҲѾ¡
¡һ
޴ޱȵһ׹£ֱӺҹħϡ
΢õģǵͼȻڴԪʱѧ׾
ֻΪ΢񾳽̫ߣֻǷʿõ΢Ҳ޴
Ȼ΢ٸ㣬ͼǵͼ⿿׾ȻܶԸҹħˡ
ڣ΢һ㣬ѡ׾Ϊһԡ

֮⣬׾ʤһ֡
Щ΢Ҫġ
ҹħڵˣҲǸܣͱһ׾š
̶ֳȵ׾ҹħ˵Ƥë˲΢˿ȴ¶Цݡ
׹ɢȥ¶˼ҹħˡ
ͼؿڲһ֧
ⳤȻǴ͸ҹħ˵ķ£ƿĻֱӽ
ֻͨĳҲˣϾһˣǱ򽣴һҲû£⽣ͨĽ
ƽǴǿޱȵɱնɱһټϱ΢ʱһĽҹħǸоڿš
ˣҹħ˲ҽһҪְγһ֧ȴǱ΢Ѿʩչ֮ӳҹħ˵Ķ


һ 
統УһĽ˳֮Ϊ֮
֮ϴȻ˼ˣһ֮˵ҪãҪһ˶䡣
ҹħ֮ǰḷ́ʽƶɵģ΢壬ҲҪȻˣҪ΢
΢׾ƽһ¶ҹħ˵࣬Ҫ
ҹħΪٸߣǿҲЩܲסҹħ˱ˣѪһ˵һ
Ǳ֮ƽ̴ҪҹħҲ˺ܳʱű̵Уҹħ֪ˣԹܶ취
Ҫγƽ޷֮Էߣ΢һһնɱǧǧһӳȥôͿȻ΢ᣬзɳķȫ΢ɱһʣһҹħ˷ǵûӳȥΪ
ӲĲУֻġ
ҹħ˿ʼȰ΢ŵֻҪ΢Ź¾ͿԵΪֹ׷
ȻֻԼţ΢š
ҹħ˿ʼŵô΢õԴ΢΢޶ԣʼ˦ܶ౦ֵǱȵõĵҩǶŵرƵģΪмߵİǵҩзһ˽пı
ֻ΢ɿضǱûдȥ
Ϊ΢֪ԼֻҪһҹħ˾ͻûߣ΢ǲ˭ҹħ֮Ѿǲܻ⣬ԲȻˣҹħһжֻΪҵһᣬ΢ǸԷҲͲ΢ˡ
һ·һɱز΢Ҳӣעҹħ˽ȫˡ
΢ջҹħ˿ʼģĶûãҲ֪΢ܷŹǿʼƿڴ
΢ҲûлӦǺͶԷ˵ͱҹħҵ΢һ˼ʩչҹħˡ
ҹħ˲ˡ
΢ҲоҹħκˣΪ˱΢ֳһ˿Ἰˮҹħն˼ֱԷʬնȷҹħˡ
ʱ΢˿
Ҫ֪ǻʵڣΪ΢ܽնɱҲǻԵɺϣҲ΢նɱĵһˣһһλ
ʱ籩΢ľ潣ҲʼֵסǿʰսƷҹħõķȡ£΢ʼѰҲ֮ء
ոյĲɱѾľ΢ķﺮ΢ҲѾ˼ޣԸûпӳȥ
Ҳ΢һһɨ̽Զѩ֮²һڡ
΢ٿȫѾصĻѩ΢ʩչһڣʱ֮ǰҹħɱĵطһ춯
Ťͷһֻһ޴ĺӰӿ΢ͫһϢ붴Ѩ֮ڡ
һͷޣһֻźëƤ룬˿ʳҹħ˵Ѫ⣬ϣ΢ܵԶҹħ˵Ϣ
΢;ƿݵ״̬ȻǶһ²һ£ȶָΪ˵
˶Ѩ֮ڣ΢ʩնڣȡ£Ŀ
۾Ҳ֪˼գɣȻ缾δȥǷظһ롣
ʱ΢˼鿴ҹħŪĶ
ԷϵķѾ飬Ǭã΢̽飬۾һ
ˣ
ҹħ˱Ͼƴɱ꣬ĺöֱǶൽ΢𾪵ĳ̶ȣǸֵһǬǧö
⻹һЩҩ΢һӨ͸
ҪһС磬ƾտٳһռ䣬ҪС飬Ϊһ磬ͱҪ
΢һ㶼İս΢õһβкҲǵ΢õľ
ֲСڣʮʮ꿪ʮĹʵ֮飬ʼ
ҲΪ֮ĸ
΢û뵽ҹħ˵ǬУȻһ
΢ϸһ㿴ѾǱģľˣ΢Ҳ϶һһ
ҹħ˵õҲûãûüǱԼ΢˵ֱȡ


һ 麣
΢ž꣬Ҳûֻ˵ûлɱˣҪ֪缫Ϊ˽粻ֹ˵ΣķܱסѾллأҺҴ˵ĻҲ࣬ҲǴһȻߣ΢ݣȻƴҹħ˸Ūˡ
ҹħ˻˺ܶĵرѾڣЩҲ޷ڡ
ԣüҲΪҪһ׾ٵ飬΢Ҳľֱӽ
һ̣΢ʶ֮ڣһ
ոճͽ΢麣еķʳһգ˿̵΢Ƥͷͬʬһ㣬һ֪ģΪ΢
΢Ҳû뵽˿ֲȻԼڵľ
һ΢ȫƣֻȻѾ쾳ڵķȻɣûӣ΢ʼһһ̳ȥ
һ쾳һĿ޹ҹħǬǧöܿͱ΢̳һա
ǧ쾳ߣ΢Щ಻ԣķչЩԤϡ
ԭΪԽȴû뵽ȻǴ߻Լڵľǿľ괺
ֲǣֱһ޵׶ǧȥˣȻ
ֻܳԵҩˡ
Щҩ΢ڶҩŵ˽磬һܻΪԴԭ΢Ǵ㽫ЩҩúͻΪǵɳһһһѵ
΢Щҩļֱֵʮڸոյĵ
Ҳ˵ЩҩṩʮΪͷ˿̣ȫߡ
΢ᡣ
˵ʵⲽأ΢Ҳ뿴麣ô£֮󣬻ᷢʲô仯
µǣԼû㹻ķ
֪˶죬еĵҩ΢ѾԹ⣬΢ԼǬĵҩҲԵˡ
һ麣΢ļҵ׶Կˣǳ޿ɳԣû΢ֻѡӲʱѾ麣иߴɣ޴ޱȣ΢ĹӦǲˡ
ֻ²һ㣬Ҳ΢ܳܵġ
һ£΢ٴαƤͷͬʬһ㣬ڶһ̽飬Ϊһʬ塣
ֻ΢Լ֪û麣ԼȻ΢ô
˿΢ϢҲ֪˶ãѨͻȻһ𶯣һ޴צɨסĶֱҿ޴צڶɨɨȥʲôⶴѨ֮һƬžצһͷܣûҵʲô뿪ˡ
ܵҲǧѩѾ޼Ҫǿһ㣬û΢
ڱ򿪣룬΢Ҳǽһ˪ȥͬһ˲֪ıʬһ㡣
ʱӹپĸ缾֮ǰ΢ܵĶѨѩ΢ҲС
һ缾ȥգ缾չٴԶڸ
λһˣͬ˵ģ˵ܱģֻһʸ
˵УһǼΪټŮˡ
Ȫܷ缾Ϲӣǹô죿ʱɫ˵
һ£ͷצڣԺһΪڡ
Ůòɫ𪣬ϺżΪǿҵĶԱȣҲһǳ̾Ǳ߲˵ֻϣܴĹƷ򡭡
Ļû˵Ȼ˶֪ʲô
ǻܵĵҩûбϴζ࣬ȫϹҲ⣬ˣҲûбķӣֻˣϣҪ˵Ҫ뿪ʱŮȪͻȻһ¡
ȻǸӦʲô
ȻΪһڣȻȪڸ֪Ҫǿͼķպþ΢ĶѨֻһʩչѩǱ¶˶ڡ
Ԫˣж˵ǻջ񡣡Ȫʱ˵ǶԪ۾һ֪Ȫ˵֪ͨǿ̽ȫ
µУܿͷͬʬһ΢
иˡԪϸ鿴һ£Ȼ󿪿˵


һ ӻʥ
ȪµѨУȻǿһɿݵĶʬ
ⶳʬͬһ㣬ֻƤͷӦ˿ʣĲ
ӦһҪ缾ĿˣϧûȥȪʱ˵磬ûмһˣһİλ磬磬Բͻ䡣
ⶴѨĸʬѾ˺ܾãżȻʬ廹
ܴ磬ٶӦһ˭ǵͬޣȻͲҪˡȪ˵꣬ʹ˳ȥ
ԪȴҡͷȪˣϹȻ󣬳ܸĹƷ϶ģλͬ޼ȻѾϵķͱҲӦöòˣȻˣȥãˣΪ
ȪһҲǵ˵ͷ
Ȼڵ⣬ͬԪ˵ҵĹƷϹȴǵģǼΪĳͷ
Ȫ˲Ը飬֮£Ҳò
ֻǺܿ죬ͶԪ˾Ͷʧˡ
ʬϼûʲôмֵĶУҲڶԪȪ˿ʮֵͼķҪĵҩŵرȻһûС
̾˿Ȫҡͷ߰ɡ
ԪЩջ𣬹Ǹо˷ʬϹʱ䣬һǽʬȥҪ֪һ˵Ǻε֪еԽ쾳˵ʬƵҩľ˵ǿԽŪ㹻ĹƷӹһ١
Ȫ˵¾ҡͷ˵ףϾΪλѾ䣬ֺα
ֻǶԪȻѾûȪҲֻĬϡ
ǶԪ˽ʬԷʬ֮ҪǬУܿ췢֣ʬȻЧ
ôԪסˣͷһμ
һԵȪȻͬԪ˴ʬľٶͬʬԵֿԪ顣
λǰʲôĹԲܱǬСȪ˲²һ䣬Ԫ֮󣬷ϲޱȡ
˵ʬĲ֮ͬʬȥ϶Ի㹻ĹƷԪȡһ󲼴ʬװУȻ
Ȫ֪ȰҲûãɵöԪˡ
̸·Ψһһûз缾ӣȻǵúúá
ʱ֮ԶѾǳһ޴Ľɫ޳ǡ
ΧĻУɫ޳ǿ˵Ϊۣɫ޳ǣȪ˺ͶԪ˶ɫӡ
ÿǧ꣬һξ޴ıѩϮǲͨ缾ĳ̶ȣԶ缾
شıѩ֮ǰûҵʵıӻ֮أô˶һ
һĶѨǿͨķ缾ǧһش缾ֻнɫıӻʥǲſԶܡ
Ϊˣӻʥ֮Ҳ˳֮Ϊ統ǿˡΪǿıӻʥǣҪڱӻʥѵˣҪʱ㹻ġƷͻᱻȡʸ
һǧһش缾ѾûжˣֻҪɹƷȻҲԲôֻش缾ʱԼ뷨Ӱˡ
缾ûʱǿԽʥϽƷȪ˺ͶԪ˽֮ѾԿʥ֮ڣˡ
ǶһҲˣ˸ңʸûУȫū
ҲֻūʸҪϽƷһֱΪǱ˽Ʒƿˣ˵Ȼбӻ֮أȪʵ
ֻҲһ֮˵еһˣΪ˰ȫҲѡǩԼΪūһǾͿԶڱӻʥ֮ڣŷ缾в
һ˶Ը⽫˽ˣϾһԼ𣬾Ȫ˺ͶԪˣǾܾΪūȻзգ뷨ռƷӵɡ
ҵһˡ
ԷΪҪ߹ǣѾڣĹ⣬ڽƳɵҩ
˵ʬ壬Ƥ⣬ѪҺëһжҩһˣһͷ̺ЩǾȡ֮֮ߵı⡣
ԪȪʲôҪʬҰɣһɽһߵɭɭЦϢ˲


һ 
磬ʬ彻׾һ˵
棬⣬ЩǱŵҪĿǻţȻʵ
عֻһ磬磬ֻǵŵģһһҪһ磬Ѷȿ֪ˣ涼̸
ȻҲ⣬һЩã˾磬Щһ⣬ѡ磬˴εĵرҲԲ
ӻʥޱȣڵķ缾һҲҳȥԴ󲿷ʱ䣬󲿷˵ΪǺ޴ܴص֮ıҲ󶼻ᵱɹƷ
ҲҪʬ壬ȡ־ͳΪһҪ;
󲿷ʱ˶ȦһЩ󡯣У쾳֮µģǡ󡯣еˡЩӦ磬еǵūͣΪǷеǵ⼦һ㣬Ҫɱҩ
ӻʥ֮ڣ󲿷˶֡󡯣ÿһ缾д˱ƳɵҩеԼƣֻṩʬ塯ʬ彻׵У޵ʬȻҪмֵҩЧҲá
õģһ˵ʬ塣
ȻޱȣϾһȽЩ󡯣ֱٵĿÿһ쾳Ǹ֣ȻĿҲСܶ࣬һ䣬ʬҲδҵ
ʬ彻׵У쾳˵ʬΪء
Ǳӻʥǵʬһˣóʬ޻쾳˵ʬ壬յȫա
ҲǸһϾڣ統УѾǿߣ˵統۷ˣֻѾ伣˵ǶҲ˵ЩѾ䡣
ڣ統йǿߣҲǵһˣӻʥǵߣ쾳ڡ
Ȼ統УҲв٣ǿߣΪӵ統УΨһһӻƽʥǡ
űӻʥǣеŵرܱȣȻΪҲԽߣңӵһͨǩԼ䡯һǩԼˡ
ϵĴڡ
Ȼͬµһū
ȪˣƽﲻƲЩʬ𣿽ǲҪСɣ˹ЦΪߣԸı飬󣬿϶һаЦ
ȪûջЩ飬ֻΪͬΪıԶԷô˵ǲӦ
Ա߶Ԫ˼æԲֻⲻ̸ģǲ˵Щûõģȷʬ壬쾳ģ㿴ɡ
˵ţϵĿڴڵϴ򿪣¶涳ĽӲ΢
쾳˵ʬ壿Ǹһȣǰһķ鿴ͷȷ쾳ʬ壬ʬΪΣҪʲô
ǧ񺣵Ԫ˿˵Щ͵ҩټ֮ǰĹƷӦÿ⡣
ȪȻû˵ıϿԿͬʮ⡣
Ͼϵǵˡ
ɭɭһЦû˵ԣҲû˵ԣȴͻȻ֮ǰϹӣһʮа˾ŻᱻɵͳͷΪǧ񺣵ͿԵ֮ǰĹΣǶ˵УȻһᶪǣԸǩԼΪĹ
ȪͶԪɫһ䣬ʵ˵û磬ֿԷǳߡ
Ȫ˱Ͼ죬οͼҲֱӵϻ˵Ҫʲô˵ɡ
һЦȪΪŮ֮ȴһ¹֮ˣм£ͶԪǳɹǱͷ
ȪͶԪԣʱǶ˴棬󷨸ңȪͶԪû뵽ǣȻۼ߰λ쾳ˡ
˽Щ϶¶䱸֮ɫȴǵλҶ֪˶ҪռܶһͶһݰա
ȪͶԪҲƲԣֻµҪߣҲ뿪
ȵǵͼǰͶԪǴһ
ʲôǴ㷴㲻ūͣΪʲôҪѣ
Ԫʧ˵ʵڲţȻ˸ı֣Ȫ侲ڶԪģʾԷ侲
ǾҪôȥҪŻлᣬΪǿ˵
ȪԪǶ˴˷Ϲޣ·ǲκսµĹأԼһǻе㵨ͼǣһı£ˣ뿪ӻʥǣҪǵĴ¡


һǧİʮ һ
Ȫ˺ͶԪ˴˿̶һۣӱ˴пһЩͷ
ʣ˵һᣬǶΪԸΪūԲðռֹƷΪľһγ缾ʱӻʥ֮ڣɰڵδػԸ
ͬ겻ҲǱΣΪһԾĵҩΪūȪ˸֪Ϊ˾һеġ󡯣ѲźǩԼ֪µ˺٣Ȼֵɷȴһֵˡ
ȻǼ룬ӦòΨһǣЩܲܽɱ
˶Ԫһ԰Ȫ˴˿ǰһ˹֡
λмƻ
ȪôһʣѾǵͬˡ
˶˿ǹһЦȻУλڶһϣһ˲˵һεȵµķ缾٣ͻ뵽ˣΪڴ֮ǰˣǵĻᣬ´Ǻҵᡣ
ˣ
Ȫ˺ͶԪ궼ɫ¶ɣ飬һô֪Ϣм٣ǾѰ·
ȻȪǴŻɣ⼸Ҳͬɫ
ʱ򣬴Ⱥ߳һˣһΪİ̺ۣȻǱһķˣ޷̺ȥԾͳӡ
λ֮һڼˣһ䣬ڼ˳˹ֵλҺʹһѳ˼ҹѰĻᣬڣ򲻸ˣǰһ͵͵۲죬ȷˣ˵ĲᣬӦǺ޲ɱ¡
һǾһ
ڼ˼ȻĽ֮һ֪϶Ҫ׼ȷ˵ȷܵشȷһֵĻᡣ
ˣҲڵ˸֣֣δܳ¡ڼʱһǡ
ڼ赣ǣһмλּ룬ʱ򼯺˵ͻϮһֲǳµĿԻ˳ɡʱ˵
˵֮䣬мӰ֣һǾһ
Ǳˣ벻Ҳˡ
˿ǾøʢˣȻ˶ˣǵʤֶһ֡
˱ˣһҲǴ統У֮
ˮˣ˵Ľ֮ˮһնգѾһ͡
ˣˮˣλǵİյȷǺܴ󡣡
˶ϲȻ˲򵥡
˿̼æӭȥǱ˺ˮ˶΢΢ͷ
µķ缾ˣ׼֣λζ֮Ƶķ˷Ҫһɱ
ʱ˴ʱͻ
һѳؿðλڵ˴һ̻ͷһȴǿڼһЦѾ˵Զ
ոգ˵֮ʣڼͻȻº֣ӱˡ
ڼˣʲô
ΧֻоֱڵϣȻһѽ֮ƶɣڣһҲ˵أ⣬һǾҪˡ
γҩۣűס
ǱڼɭɭЦȺĶϵ淴֮ģǣƫƫǼûӵĴҲǱ˼£ǾȻң˷һȺҵȫۼһ򾡣صʹҡ
˵ͬʱΧڶˣȻһˡ
Ȫ˺ͶԪ˼״Ҳ֪ǳͽǺڶһͻΧЩǿı˺ˮѾǷٸ߿գ׼뿪ʱһֲޱȵѹȻ£·һεĴɽ˶ѹ
Ѿٿշı˺ˮˡ
Ƕڣѹ֮£ȻǺ޻֮ݺѹб˻ɳˮ˸һףȴһӰһơ
˲䣬˵ķɳɢˮ˵ı飬Ѫ£Ѿǰ
ٿǸӰڶ˶ǰһ

ûˣԭһжڼƭǣĿǽǾۼһȻһ򾡡
ڼɱ
ߣȻڳѾʧȥ˻ᡣ
ǵǿˣ˿ˣĺˮҲǱѹ˶ֻڣڵ﷭˻


һĩ ʬ
־ͽġˮλѹǷųƣȫ
ڼ˼״æܵԣ͡
ĲʹͣգɽﵨҶԿҵں֮ھɨ壬һ򾡡ļߣһ׽ĳ۴ϣͷҶͷһͷ𷢿ȥڲͬһָ߸ϣơ
ʱҪδãΣˡˮһڣʱ˵ʲôҲûˡ
Ҫ˵ڵģǶԪˣһȪˣԷȻɫɷףȴһԣԼȴµҪ
Ҫǣֵ̫á
Լոʲôû䵽ⲽأƾʲô
·Ƕ¶ԪһҧȻǰһǰ
ˡǲʶҲͬֻǸպʬ壬찡ԪʱҲҪԼˣܻ֮ʲôǿ
Ԫ㡭Ȫɫһû뵽ԪȻԭ֮ǰǿӲװģΣԪȴʲôԷµˡ
˸־ȪҲ޷ǿԪԲҪϵĹģȴϾһˣӵԼҪ
ȻҲǲģԶԪʮֵıġ
ͶȻ𣿡ʱһȻû˻Ӧ
˶Ԫ֮⣬˶ǵкǩԼˣʱȴǲѶΪ֮νĲѣ
ͬΪ˾ˣֻǺ֪Լλ֪ˣʼºֵģɳˡ
Ϊ֪£ƴһҪɱ
ȻԼҪһ·ߵڣҾͳȫǡ˵Ⱥ˼ҲһɲСмƻ˴УıȺ͵Ϯʤϡ
вҪɨ
һ۶ԪһѾͨһԼ
Ƴ֮ѪѪΪ֤ӴˣҵūۺʱεأҪҪ͵Ӵˣ죬ҡ˵Ԫ߶½Լӹȥ֪Ҫֻһ·ߡ
ūūֻҪܻžСԪҲ뿪ˣǱƳһ֮Ѫ档
һ̣һԼȻȼգ֮һ棬ԪܸоԼѾԼƣһӰΣȴʵڵġ
ЩǩūԼˣΪΪԱ飬ȴ֪ҪɱǣֻһͷԣЦ˵˵꿴һˡ
һ̣ԷҽһϾȻð׻˻ԱȴãƬ֮ͱճһطɻң
Ҫ֪һڵˣȻ׵С
ǩԼҲɫһ䣬ֲ̫ҵĽţȻһλ쾳˷ġ
Ȼ壬׼ɱڶҷʱȴͻȻһ춯
һӵڵϵ졣
֮ǰﰲĿ£һԵʮ̶ִŤͷȥȴǿǰڷһ߱ʬ
ղžǺͱʬϵһڵϵ
Ȼָƻʮʹޣһ߸ʬҲŹͼ̧һһǿޱȵľͺȻ
һָ˲佫Ǹʬǽڣ֮⡣
ֻûɱЩˣǾ߱һָɵĸʬȻǻ˿̾Ȼһһ˻
ԭǸʬװʬ壬һۣһָһΣȻ࣬ûȥŸʬʲôʲô֮Уһɱϡ
ֻһָȴֻǸʬһΣҲŹֵĸʬסˡ
ղһָʵѾǶ˲ǣδܵסʬȻֻ
ʲôЩŭζûнʬɱڶǰо澡ʧ
ΣûеָǸһȭȥ
Ҫ֪ڵˣһȭѾǳ߳ɵڣҲԵסԼһȭ
ֻǽޱȡ
ȭԤϵǰ޴󣬵һΣ˵ɱǸʬԷȻһûкˡ
һ˶ĿɿڴȪǣһ𾪡
ǵãʬǶԪģԪԷϵ𾪱ҪٿȪˣҲһ
ʣ˺Լһ֪ʲô


һǧİʮһ ˭
޴ȭͬκһ㣬ײǸʬϣֻٴķײʯϣ˻顣
ڵˡ
ǿȭȻԽǸʬ˰벽Χ˶һִÿһȭȥǸʬƺͱǿһ֡
ʱȻǱŭޱȣһץͼһ⽣С
һѹ⽣֮ɢһϵʥ⣬ΧҲǺһʧ񽣣벻ǸʬȻʩչ񽣡
Ǹʬʲôͷôô
Σ֮£ܴʬаţҲñն顣
ǱߵȻ϶ʤȪǱߣӿһϣ
ȻǶ֪ʬʲô֪ʲôǿó˵һᡣ
ʱ򱱻ͻȻʬǿҲܵеùֻһվʬѣóȻжһʧܣ󷴻Ļᶼûˡ
Ȼʱ򱱻˺ͱ˶ڻȴʱһ֣˵ɱٿߡ
һ֮ǰ˼Ҳʼ
Ȼʲôʱѻ᣿
ʬɱ˲䣬ʱûָɢߣһžҲܽһһץôˣٿһ롣
һ룬˵ѾǺܲˣܱȫûҪǿ
񽣿ɲʩչģÿһʩչķѼķ˵ȷһᡣȪʱҲǽŵĿţû뵽ΨһȻ֪ĸʬϡ
ֻʬѾˣ
Ȫðʣܿ죬Լֲ²⡣ûκ˿ַ缾дѾ¡
ʱǶѨȪĺѾƿĻѩɲһ缾ܻܳģҲ˵ʬѾ¶ںü缾У£˵һ֪ˣҲɡ
ԸʬˣʱҲȷϹġ
˿̣ʬȻĹºһһ߹׿ʬ±ʮֹ졣
ѵ֮ǰһָȪʱͻȻ뵽ʬΪʲôᡮΪû¸ɵ˶Էһָ
㲻ܣ
˿̣Ȼûʱ룬оԼȨܵ裬統ֽ׶ǿˣӻʥǵףȻ޷һʬ壬Ǵȥڣ
Ҳʬè壬ܲκʬȻж磬Ī߶
νˣ˿ʩչ񽣣ʬԼ⣬ڱ֮¶ɻ
һѽ統ϣȻԼһѽ֮⣬һ֮£췣˭赲֮ʩչһʬԼң£ҲԽ⴫ɱ
񽣵֮
ɵʱôһʬ壬϶򵥣˵Լĸͷģ׵İ취ٶȽʬԾ󻼡
һ̧̣նһ
˲䣬ҫۡ
񽣷޴Ľ⣬·һ֮ӣ˲ͽʬû
һжˡŵ˵оԵģԴ˿ѾȽ
Ϊû˭񽣵նɱ´
һΣһնɱڵˣŴ޵еĵλ
ǰնĴ۽âûɢȥѾǻͷ׼˵ľηֻǺܿ죬ͿԼڵڶˣ˿ûоηһ㵣·ʲô˼顣
ô
ͻȻͷһ͵ĻͷһȴǿԼ֪ʲôʱվһˡ
ϵƤڿ޸һԵĿľַ괺һ㣬ۿɼٶȻָš
ȻǸղǸʬǾֵķ֣Լոնн⣬˿̾ȻǱʬա
ԭˣˣ̷Ӧʬ˿Ƶʬ壬ȻˣǱû
ԷӦĳֹ֮ǰֻǴڼ״̬ҶԷĹȻеķ
Ҳ˵ǹɱҲᱻԷյȫգȫɵ
֣Ȼ㣬ԭԼոյĹȫΪԷ˼£һа˳ɵͷԷɡ
˿̣ǸʬѾָ˾ųɣ¶ԭòȻ¼Ѿȫ飬Ȼº䡣


һĶ 
缾٣ڱӻʥ֮ҲǼΪ䣬ҲҪŷ˹Ŵӣ˵򵥡
Ͼǵ˾;ߵľ룬ҲǱֳһӦе̬˵Ǵݲȣ־¶ŶԷ
ԭҪڣûü˵ԷȻȿˡ
Ϊʲôң
ǶԷ˵ĵһ仰ʣŲĪ
һ㶣漴ŭ
ڵˣӻʥǵףֺ˸˵
һǲ̶֣ҪԷʲôˣһɨԷΪӦڶѣһھȻԼ˵ǲ֪ôġ
ʱ˶𾪲ѵ鷢ˡ
ͷȻƾճһѷ졣
һѷηڣһһ̣ϳһʲô
뿪ͨȻ뿪ͨô˵˾Ȼ˾磿ãڿʱ뿪磬ֲû޿֡Ӧ֪ԷҪߣԼס
г𾪣Ľ
ǵУ뿪ĹϦʱʱ̶̿䣬ף磬ǾģȻ˭Ըô
ÿһˣƴ磬뿪ˣֱǷëǡ
Դ˿̼һ˾Ȼ磬л뿪磬ȻǼޱȡ
ʱ޷ֹǸûӡ
ֻһ̣ǸӸʬɵ̧ͷ˿Ȼһ˶ţĿɿڴһ¡
ͼ̧һȭͽͷͨѣһ̣һɾ޴ͨ漴ɢΡ
һ£ɵˣǿһɵһ˸ոʲô
Ȼǽ뿪ͨˣȻֻͨ룬ôܻ顣
Īǣ˲뿪磿
Ĳ¶ˡ
Ȼ΢ͬ²ģȷûھ뿪硣ʵϣ΢ڶûŪǰʲô飬ϴαչԼڵľ໥ںϣֳ
ҪҪķֱ΢ǽķʳһգ΢ҹħе͵ҩ޵׶
ûӣ΢ֻʳҲûӣǾô뵽һּ״̬
ʱ΢ֻ麣֮¿޴ޱȵ֪£΢ֻ֪ھԼԴȻ֦Ҷïû⣬ԼҲӦû⡣
Ψһ鷳ҪɷɳһĹ̡
ʱȻڹ΢壬ʱ΢Ŀ֮£Ĺȫɣⷴǰﵽ˵һڡ
֮ɷһ΢ָܻ
ڸոգ΢֪˴ԼһҲ΢һǿɣȻˣ΢൱ˬ
ûղһɡ
Ȼ΢ʱҲӦΪѾڣ԰عѾص˽硣
ֻ΢붼û;ܾˡ
ΪڻȥƾڵΪҲı䲻ʲôԶԸһ֮ԻܾһˣǺʣ۷壬΢ûʤ㡣
麣ֳӵ֮ͬǿʵԽɱˣҲڡ
棬Ҫڣõʱ΢ΨһĻ磬Դʵ
֮ͬǰһ
ԣŽͨ飬˿޴ľٶ
ֱʱ˶벻ףΪҪô
ˣǽ΢˷ӡ
ѵǽ統֮أȻǷӣ֪صգֱ֪а
ʱ򣬶΢һüͷ΢壬˵һطΪơ
꣬߻Եɺ֮£һǿǩԼȻ߳ɹ磬ʵȴҪһֱԼ֮
ʱǰȫģֻҪԷӳ磬ôֻҪһͷͿԽɱ


һǧİʮ һ
£΢˵΢£ҵʱ˵ϸڣͬԼ΢֪ԼĿǰڵʲôطҲ֪ǰװģ˾˭
뵽΢Цˡ
ûߣ΢ᱻǰԳŵʱɲǳԸɷģ֮ǣҲڰе
ڵľ磬ӵһƽʥǣʥһΪķԵֵĺ磬Ϊڶ˵ıӻ
ΪˣĵλȨƼߣһ֣ʵǿ
Ҳж̰塣
ޣǰ㾫ͨǿȴٵĿֱȭͷøֹⷨȭգȻľ⽣ڷӲֻһС
ʥܡ
ȻֻһУ˵ܹʥܣ˵ҲһʳԱ͡
Щ˵ġ
ͬⶼ΢ƣ΢һڣԼһ֪
Լ֮ȻҪһսϾԼڲҲŹԼ
ȻˣΪǿ
ʱ΢ҵһִ˵ɡ
ư㻰أղΪʲôң΢Ϊŵһ䣬һ䣬ڹơ
Ȼŭ
κʱǸ߸ϣʱضڶūԣʱ˸ô˵
֪ԼȨԲܵսκεҴˣҪɱԲ⡣
˿Ҫֻ֣΢ٶȱ졣
˵˲䣬΢Ѿһȭһȭٶ׼һʥ⣬ҲûӦʱѾǷ·һ㱻ɳȥײһƬǽڣڰ֮⡣
΢һ˲䵽ǰʱӻʥǶˣ˺͸ūͶʧ룬ǿɳľȻŵɢӣ꼰㡣
ԭǸ˶ǻ࿴һۣȻ̶֣ΧĲ£һǧѷĻᣬǵȻ
Ǹ˴ɳȥÿԽǸĿѹǲȥæ
ֻҪƷʲôԡ
ΨһǣǸܲܵеù
£Ȫˣǲãԭܼ򵥣Ǵģ浶ǹġ
ɱ˴õڶУչ¶Щ˶ʮϤΪˣ֮ǰʩչ񽣣ǲŻһϳ
ֻȻǸ˴˿ȴǳĿһ㣬֮ǰ־ͲֹһˣȻʩչҲûнԷɱ
ڣǱ˷ȥ
ƾһ㣬˾;ûܴͬʱͬȵ׵ı֮ǰǵڼˡ
˿޵еȻ˴ˣֱҪһܣˣûӻ֪жҪɱ
ߣǷ缾ôӣ
ӳȥɣԵǱ
ǻŸʲôȥɱСڼʱһкһʱ֮䣬Ҳսһš
˿΢߰һȭΪΪⲻ󣬲ȻҪˡ
ͷһα˴ɳȥǵűӻʥ˺ū档
˭ˡŭһ˿ðһΣγһ·һĻܡ
ܽ˶ڣ˵ܲ͸硣
ܱƵһУҲˣֻڣվҵĶ֣Ҹһᣬ£㲻ʱʩչǿķд󶨣ͻȻãôԷɱ̫ˣҪˣȵԷģٽɱ
ˣܽͷ֮ޡ
ֻǻشģȴһǿȭ
һΣûжҲûбĺˣеΧĹ赲
΢֪һУ˵ʥܡɵֵһ͹ʥܶԱ
ڶΧɱһ˿ʥֵܵ޵ĹǴݽЩ޷ɱҲһս
գۼԴ˼£΢ʱרŶмǲҪ֮ԿӾӣ߾ߡ
ڣ΢ûߣӡ


һ 
΢׶ˣ򣬼ȻԵֵκιʥܿ϶㡣
΢ãܿʱ䡣
ֿԵֵһйķ̫ܳʱ䣬޵еĴڣֻˣ˲ô
΢˿̷ǵˣǼ񹥡
ȭÿһ£ԺɽʥϣȴֻܵһⲨ޷ͻơζ
ûõģ˵ֻڣڵˣվŲҲͻҵķ⣬Ҫ¶֮ɫΪʥնɱ˺üͬĸ֣Щڷֹķʥʱ¶־ı顣
ȻǰϺޱ顣
УҲһɱ⡣
൱ˬ˿̧һ٣֮Ͼе£ͬմء
ֻ£·޾ͻ棬ǶѹǷһС
ΧڽҫһƬ𺣡
΢Ҳ⡣
׻£΢ΧĽ⣬һеȷǲԵ˱Ȼᾪʧ룬Ϊһн񷶥޷ֻӲֻҪһЩڶʱڵֵ
ȻһЩƤ֮⣬һ֮࣬΢ܵõġ
ο΢֪Ҫά䱾ķҲǼоļǷ㣬ʥܾͻĹʥܣҲĶԷķ
ڷ΢ǲƴ֣麣һѾȡ֮֮ߣ΢ھҪͶԷȷ
ʱ΢ƽһ𻵷һȭʼͷͬһĽգʼɱ
ķϹӦ΢һȭǿһȭһȭһȭһʼм棬ԷȻԳϵĹɱɫ䡣
ôܣ˵ķôôࣿѵ𣿡ʼо
ԼԼ㾳磬ȴֻȼǽ¡
ʥܣ񽣣񷶥Щǿһ˵κε˶סУ˵йз֪㡣
ǾǷá
ͬʱʩչһҲά̫ãʥܵİأ÷ĶԷĹ˲κɱ
ֹɱ̫ãͻΪö޷ʩչʥܡ
ʱ֪ʲô
ΪŻᾪš
˿ǼӴ˽񷶥ķӳ֣Ŷ˻᲻գھǱƴ־ʱ򣬾Բκɳڡ
϶ҲֻǿŶѣӴĹƣҪ˻
΢а˴׼ӳֵķ·ˣҲԵֵĴ͸գ΢ǿᣬͺ޼Ҫǿ˵ڿԴȡԴԴϵķ
ԽȻԵޱȣ޷Χĵ涼ڻ΢ǲܲˣϵĹʥ⻤ܡ
һֱǾ춯أΧ˴˿ҲͣɱĿɿڴĿһĻ
˿̣ӵʥ֣ܵ˻գðŴ̱ǵḷ́ϵĻȭ
һȭ
΢ʱһȭ˲ȭ뷢ȫʥϣһ֮£ʥϵĹâǵһΰ
ͷϵĽ񷶥Ҳ飬ʧ
˿Ƶĺ£ķľ˵Ѿ޷άֽ񷶥ʥܣҲֻάƬ̡
ѾλɱԷλ
ʣԷ̫ǿˣȻǶŽ񷶥ԼƵһأĪ˸ڣ۷壿
ֻ۷ˣŻӵԴԴϵķ
ס֣ʲôҪҿ㣬Ҫס֡ʱѾ֮ͬҲ˲ˣΪһֲסʥܱ飬ľͲֻӣ
ڿʼ͡
΢һЦҲӲţȻҪ˵΢ǿ˲٣ֻ֣ͣǿ϶ǲеġ
һָǵùֻԼ
ʥܣ񷶥ⶼǼΪֲ£΢Ҳܲˣ׵ľǽ򵽡
ס֣ãҿԺƽƽǹִͬʥǣֻҪͣ£κ鶼˵˿̶ҪѪˣֲסˣ˿̵ͬһͱ뺷׳һƬ߲Ůˣʵûˡ
΢Ȼһʼûͣ֡
һȭ
һ죬ʥܣˡ


һ ʥ
֪˶ȭ΢ʥܺˣһֳ̣һƬžӻʥǵ˶ĿһĻһš
ʥܣм޵еĴڣܱƣ޵Ѿֲ˵ͷУһ죬֪޵еʥܾȻӲҿ𺳼ֱǲġ
ĵˣ˿Ҳǻȫû뵽ᷢ¡
ʥܵƬ⣬ٿʧ¶ֵߵıҲͬ
㡭㵱治۷ЩϹʱʵʵ벻ͨһڣһǸոսڣνԼʥܺƵġ
ⲻҲɺϣʵ
ʵпܺԼʥܣƣȫޣô
ֻһ·Ǿ͡
ֻǽʾ֭Ҳ벻ô˵һֱǸ߸ϣֻбĵģֺ˵ĺͱ˵
ôʣҲԼ뷨Էͣ۷һʵˣˣԼܵĲԩ
۷壬ͻʶԷ˭ʱ˵ʹϵìܻ⡣
ֻ΢ĻشĿɿڴ
۷壿ˣҾڶѡ΢˵꣬˵ĻᣬԷ˵Ҳʱ䣬ָɣȻڶѾռƣ΢ôٸԷᡣ
ԵǼȭ
ûʥܵıֻƾֵ˵ǵֿǶǺûڰᡣ
ȭȭ⣬±飬Ƥڳܲסڵķκηʩչôȥɡ
ˣ䣬ҪʲôҶӦУɱҲûôףطͲֻʥǻ̾ͿڱֺαؽҵʱʼˣȻбȻ޲ýǰǧУ֪ǲܣûİ취
΢һ㶣һǲ֪ȻҲ֪һ֡
΢ϸӦһ£֪˵ĺܿģ˵ھɱҲ
ȻˣֱһЩô
˭˵Ҫɱ㣿΢ӣûټһ̣΢һʥߵһ¥С
̻Իͣͬеһй㡣
ĵط΢һ䣬Ȼ΢֮ǣʵʵĵͷ
Ժطң㲻ɣ΢˵һȻ
У㣡˵ʲôҾܾ
΢һЦҡͷ˵Ĳ¥˵ģǽʥǡ
ʲôݡһӦҪܾƽʥǿ˵ӣĸôܸˡ
̷ֻӦƺûоܾʸ
ȻֶΣǲѲߵ·Ҫ֪һ֮ǰΪͻڶԱȫҲǻָڣһˣǵʱҲûбٱסƽʥǡ
ܽڵôжɽĿܡ
ȵȫָٻȡһЩͨͲŵвˡ
֪һյĵʱҪ˺һȫʵȴɽ۶ԷʲôԼôӦ
뵽ҧгݣǵͷҪʥǣãҸ㣬Ҫȵη缾
ȻĴ㣬ڸ˶ԷʥǵĿȨһԷô죿ȵ缾Ϳ뿪Խָ˵Ҫȵ缾ͿԱ
΢˵ǿĶԷҺӡ
ھҪʥǣģ΢˵㻰ɱ㣬뿪סû̸еʸͬ⣬ھͽɱ
΢Ļͬشҵ˵ûӣֻǴӦ
ܿ죬΢õһöƽƵĻоĻƣһɶõķҪǣǿƻƽʥǵĹؼ
ƽ󣬾͵ǻƽʥ֮
΢ʮֽƽٿʥǣȷƿʥǵĹؼŷġ
˰ɡʧȥֻ̣֪û취ֻҪܱסʵл
Χ˿ȥҲǸ˼Щԭң˿Ҳл֣֪̿Ǻá
Щ׼Ʒˣ籱ģ˿ҲЩӣϾͻȻðˣǵˡ
˵Է˿̾Ȼʥ
Χûһǰ˵ҲǰֻǿǸ


һ ǿ缾
΢˿ҡͷ⡣
ʲôŭǴһ˿־壬һʲô˼ĪҪڣ
΢ҡͷ˵ɱ㣬ǲᣬΪظԸңȴ֪ҶʮİգҲҵĶ֣Ҹ㣬ұɱ㡣
΢ɱԷҲ֪û壬Ȼֻ֮һԷҲȻˣαؽԷƵô϶һЩô
ң΢ֻ˵ɱȴû˵Ҫߡ
΢һϷ
ڵõ˱ӻʥ֮΢Ҫʲô΢ͻ룬ʱ͵óͨǸղŵĹԼ֮ǲ
΢һʣǱͷһ
˵ʵ΢Լ֮ȷеһ쵽ֵλһǿŻƽʥǣһǿԼ֮
Լ֮ƿ˵ȻǿԼһõ¡
˶࣬ʲô¶±룬֮ǰ򶨵ļƻУ˳¿ƵЩūһؼ
˿̣΢ֱȻðĸо
ҪʲôѧͨҸ㣬İɣܵģͨͨѧģתԼԼֻ֮ҡ
̧ͷʵһ˿սľ
΢һЦ֪ģûѧԼ֮
˿΢һ䣬Ŀɿڴ
ҪеԼⲻѰɣ
ʲôܣ붼Ҫ롣
κԥľܾܴӦǻƽʥǽԷзӽٶѾʩչԼԲܽ
ΪģΪǩԼЩˣһԼǻ̶Լ֡
ʱԼʸ֮ġ
֪ԼľЩ˵Ķ֣ЩЧңľԼ壬һûԼԼǾԻ̷ꡣ
˵ʲôҲԸӦ
ֻȻ΢̬ҲǼΪᶨʱѾлָһЩ˿̣ѾڿҪҪעһ͵Ϯɱǰˡ
΢翴㣬ո΢˵Ĺ̵УҲоá
麣΢ջ񣬶ǿĿ£΢Ԥ롣н޾ķһǣȡ߶٣ʱҪΣ麣мǿļӳ֮һЩͨԷӳʮЧ
һһЩյͼĹ似ٶó
֮ǰ΢ûӦɸʬʱ˵ʵϾ񹦵ͨ
Źֻڣ˵ķա
Ψһı׶ǱҪſȡ
΢ץҲĴ㣬Ժԥʩչ񹦣˲䣬ò׻ܳһЩҲǱ˸ɸɾ
ı˿Ǳȿ޶ѿֿˣʱŷǰ˵ǿĿǡ
ϸһ룬֪Լ״̬ȫʢʱڣҲδǶ˵Ķ֡
ԼˣͷһμԼûзǾʲôʩչˣǴ׸һ㡣
뵽֪ˣǺзĿԡ
Գ΢˵ȷ֮ǰԷ뿪ĻᣬԼԷɵɵӣڿ˼š
룬ֱܼԼҲδֵܵջ
ֲǣ˽ʱӦֻڣھѾԵԼһԷһڣǻ˭Ķ֣
Щ޽ӽˣҲδ΢Ķ֡
һ̣൱ɥΪûģҲûӮԷ
ֻǼˣҪԼҲôԼʱһƣԲܶ
ʱʥͻȻһ£һ㶣һʱɫ䡣
Ҳǽע⣬һ¶֮ɫǴſ־塣
缾ˣ
΢Ҳǿԣͬ⣬ԿӻʥǱһʥܵĽɫֱ͸ģԿ
˿ķңԶԿһ޴󵽼ķ籩ڿ
Ƿ籩żֱգŵƣǾԶԸܵõ
籩ԽԽһЩľʯҲ裬еĻֱײʥǻϣղŵ𶯣Ӧþһ޴ʯײġ
ʱ֮ɫͻȻǿ缾ǿ缾벻ǰ١


һǧİʮ Ϯһ
ԶǾ޴ķ籩ţʥ֮ڵ˶ľǶʥ֮ڣʱҲˣʣǺѶɹһη缾
ʱȻ־ϲȻһεķ籩ڣʥҲΣУϲǣ籩ţǰ΢˱Ȼæҡ
Ҫʥǵּֿķ籩ţҪʥмߵ˽⣬˵
Լƿʥʮ꣬ʥǵĿѾ¯࣬Լʥǵֵ·籩ŵĿԻǳߡ
΢ոսӹʥǣе֣⺺е⺺Ҫٿʥǵֵּķ籩ţֱǳ˵Ρ
ʱֵסԼ
һ¶ʥǿȨĻᡣ
аʼ㡣
ʱ򣬷籩Ѿʼӽʥǣ΢ʱҲûʱԷֱ˷ʱҪע
˿̣΢עֱϵĻƽϣ˲ʱ䣬ʥǵ΢ƿصС
޴Ļƽǣһһ΢һɨ֪ƽõĲǼΪġ𡯣ӡһٶ󡣻ˣҪЩڲṹҪһʱ䡣
΢ǿѾԺ۷ϹᲢۣ΢ҲмңԸַѾȻء
һɨֻƬ̾Ϳһٶнһ붼ѾǱϡ
һƽʥǵķܷӳĳѾǲң΢֣ЩתķҲкܶӳŽƣʣ϶ġЩƾһһ㣬һЩסԼ˾ƿʥǣҲδЩ
ôʥܷӳҲɶѣֵַܵ籩š
΢ʥǵķһҼ˽ƣҺ֮ǰͼӳȥģҪ⿪ףҿȽʥǻңֵһη籩Σʱ
ֻҪƿʥǣôֵ籩ôҲùȥʱ⣬Ҫзܴ߶ʥǣĻԷѹԼʱ˵лᷴ
Ȼ֪΢Ķ֣ô䣬Ҳ
΢ûбİ취ֻнʥǻһ·ֵסһεķ籩š
ʱʥһƣ˶ڣּķ籩Ҳȥ
ԶԷԸҲУȡ
ֻ΢˿ѹûҪʥǹ黹˼ڣûȥһС̣΢οʱҲѯʵʱ򣬿΢ڷǶƽʥȤ
΢ķ֪ж٣ͼģģ΢Ҳо٣ʣƽʥ΢ĿǰΪֹΪһ
ƽʥȫһٶ߶ģЩܸ죬໥Ӱ죬ʥֻҪٵķͿת
ڷƽʥҲ൱ֲ΢һķҲǼΪӡǷ󣬲϶װÿһ۵У֮ǰνķֻӡ飬Ĳȴ
һ޴ĸ¥Ƶķ䣬ڵǣ󲿷ַﶼҳһţҪ÷סˣ͵ýʰ
΢ͻȻ֣ԼھͿʰ䣬Ҳ¿ӡµķ
ƽʥȻķȴر£΢ϸоһȻǳУѧϰЩ󷨵İ
һ΢ûҲûȤŶԷһֱôȥ
籩Ѿǽ٣ʥڵķַ籩¼ֲ˶á
죬ʮ죬¾Ҫˡ
ҿװʲôʱ򡣡а
ʱʥһҡΣķ籩Ѿǽ١
ڻƽʥķȻʥҡ𶯵ǿԵֿסҲڶ԰
ڴҶ֪ʥǵѾ˵ʱѾҪȥԷΨһ̵ģԼ֮
Լֻ֮Լλ΢˺ԼҲ˵ٷ
ΪԼ֮ڲҸĻͥԶǰ䡣
Ҫ͵͵뿪ֻն΢Ϳһۣоϵһѵһ
Ȼ
ʱ䣬ʥ൱ʱҲһһȥԿķ籩ԽԽʥǻ֣ʥǵķǲڿκ⡣
д󶨣˭ǵˣֻҪһ֮ؾͿԡ


һİ Ϯ
˿̵΢ѾȫڽʥǵзĹ̵С
ͷ򱶣Ҳ˵һ˲䣬΢пͷȻٶȼ죬Ҫоеԭף΢Żʱ䶼һ
ȻҲһֱÿ죬΢һץԷò׻ָķһգ޵ȴһ취ûС
ת֮䣬һ¹ȥ
ķ籩ûͣЪ˼޴ĺ£кü˶ΪʥǼֲסˣʱƣҲԽԽֻš
ֻֿźͿ־ֱĳһһ˷ԶȺ֮󣬴ﵽ˶塣
쿴Ⱥ
һͻȻ˵Ҳȥڷ籩УȻ籩޵Ӱ
ЩжԳĶ˿̾ڲԶһʼֻ٣޴ķ籩ȻԴԴԴϵޣһ֮ЩѾᵽǧ
˶ˡ

޳ǰֹһΣһΣʥǵķٹ룬ˣ»ˡɫ䣬ʱЩżˡ
ֻǷ籩ţʥǵǿԷסģټЩޣǾͲһˡ
΢콫ʥǵĿȨң㿴ЩûУǷ籩ޣֻ統Уûκǣ֪ľֻл𣬻һСʱ΢ƵϾ
ֻҪԷǷӣھӦͬЭסʥǡ
ΪֻʥǱЩ˲ܻһʥǱݻ٣ǾЩ޺ͷ籩ڴ
Էܲ
Ծǣ΢ûЩ֪룬˰Σ£һֺջУ㲻ţǾƣһ޳ϮʥǾԵֵסӦܿʥǵеķйķѾʧǵ꾭һ޳֮ĴۣʣµЩԵֵ˶ãңһ
δأ΢ʱ˵һ䡣
ʥǵЩΪλ𻵣΢Ūˣԭһ޳
ֲãֻ̫ôãôûŽʥķ룿
Ȼԭ΢Ҳ֪һ£΢оʥǵķҪӡ̷Ϊѣ˵ƽʥǲƵģƵģܲ޲
΢֣Լ޸ʥǷһµУ΢ҵһ·޸ʥǵķ
Ǿʦ¹շ
ôὫʥǵķȫԱķؾۣⲻ΢쿪һ£ѾʼȫЩֻ̣΢ʥǺЩ飬ѹûκβ
޳΢ˣʵ΢޳ͬʱͿʼٲȫ
ڣʥǺĵķ΢Ѿȫʮ򣬶ÿһϢʱ䣬΢ܲȫʮٶѾǼΪֲˡ
ֻȻǲڵʥǷõҲʮ򣬰˵޳֮£ʥǷ룬ôЩ϶
Ϊˣ΢ȥǶԷϵķȫ΢ץɷ
ڴ΢֪Ҫγ޳ٵ֮ڲǧ΢Ӧûһʱȫ
ʱӽȡ
ޣÿһӵǰƻǵȷƲɵɱһײҲʥ˳ء
Ҳҿ֧ţǲȫõķ΢޷֧̫áڣɱʣΪīʥǺĴȫ
ѩʤ޸ࡣ
΢ǰ㣬һʱ䣬Ѿ֮Ϊһ;޴Կȥ·޾
һĻ˶Ѿˡ
ʥǿԵֵϮֵܵסЩ޵Ŀը
ʱɫҲǼΪѿ֪΢޲ھǽʥǸҲûӡ
סģ϶סˣ΢ӣһ޳ӿǾˡʱҲŭ˵ͷһʥǶȥо˳ķŭ
ȻʵϾƿʥҲһסһȺ޳Ϊ֣һε޳ģȻһεһ
һƬΨһоЩοǣطſԾҲ
ʱͻȻһ˿ֵĸӦ
ڱһ˿̴ĸ֪ʧˡ
Ҫ֪Ǹ棬ڣʧˣһ̣ŭͲʵһĻ
һȺ޴صĸУƻһС
ˣ
ҡЩԵڵأΪ˸νǸ࣬˲ΪΪһ·ȴû뵽ͷˮ
ʱʥ⼯޷һһ̣޳Ϯ


һľ 
ƵϮʥǵеһ־壬Ҫ֪޿ɲһޡ
һųȥǶһĴڣ˽ͷޣ˽綼ݡÿһ޵ͶǾ޴ޱȣһǧɡȻ˽統УʾԸΪ޴ޣ統еʵϾԿɱκһеޡ
һȺɱƿ֪
Ѿƴôõ˸֣˿̶оһ
ҲʥǵţûʥǷ޳лʮϢ
ȻΨһ̾ǻƽʥǣֻķӦһ
Ȼʥ˽ľ˿̵ı飬ֱͬĩսһ㣬ʥδܵסһε޳
һ̣ͻȻһ
ˣȫˣˣҲһʥгɵķѾ𣬻һֱסܷЧĲɣܵסЩޣˣ˶Ҫ˶ҪΪᡣ
ͬЪ˹Ĵ󺰴УΪһ˲֪õˣµľ
ΪľãԾԽ
ԵҪʱ֮ǰĸ޴ݻ֮Ѿûκκ·Ȼ
ȻҲΪ֮ǰ΢ݲиҲôױ
һ˸Ⱦʧ롣
ʱ΢ͷǺ飬ʱ޿̶޲󣬵ڣ޲ķѾ߳ɣ˿Ϯ΢Ҳû޲ԾͿ޲ⳬ߳ɵķֵܲܵסЩ޵Ϯ
΢֪ʥǵУкܶ๥еվʥΧʮУͿԻ֮С
˿жһϣǺõġ
ұ죡
΢ʱһҲ֮ǰ΢˴̫𺳣˿һ˷Ƕ
˿̣һѾײʥǵķϣʥǶ˾޴𶯡
ˣǰʥǹУѻ֮Уλãʶλһ飬ǰȥ˵꣬΢ֳʮ⣬ֱͬĹλá
еڹ㳡ϣеݶ
˿ʥѾǴң˿΢һȻǽҾֿƣڶ΢ĺǳ֮ҲǷӦһ԰ʥǻûбƣʲôֻҪһϣӦ÷
Ҷһ·ľӢ᲻֮ǰֻȾһʱʧǣڱ΢ѣһ飬ٸ΢ȥ
ȪͱĵȻٶ죬˿̣ԭЩ£ҲǼæǰȥء
Ϊ֪ǶһϵģһپһٽԻ٣һֻ̣еʥǡ
ʥڣǾܻš
˲䣬ʥжҲǧ֮࣬Ȼﵽ켶ĺ٣ֻвʮ֮󲿷ֶ쾳֮µģһ飬߶ȴҲǿԣʵڲУȥ߶
һʱ䣬ֽޣǵһ޾ù£ֱ󹥻ܿͱ¾һգΧɽһʬ
ǰʬ壬͹
ʥʱ޿̶ܵ޵ײеԶ޴ʯҹеǿ纮棬ƾ˺˵צͼϵĹ֡
΢ͷʥ֮ڷҲҿʱʦ޲ʥ֮ڵķ󣬷Եֵ˶á
ڣ΢оԵֵһε޳
Կȥ΢ҪԵƵᡣ
ĿֻſԸȾˣ΢ĵͬԸȾˣ˿̴ҲǸ˾ְùɱŵޣһʱ֮䣬Ȼûٺ¡
ʱƣһһҹʥ֮ѾʬɽѪ֮£ܿͱŤĹɽʥһʱܵγкüζΪʥǼֲסҪ飬ʥǶԿ
ʱҲָǣ֮ǰΪݻ٣ټΪֵܵסЩ޳ԲŻ񲡣
Ǵ˿̣عˡ
һӦǾòܡ
ԣܣʥǵķʣɣҷס٣һ޳ôܻ飿ⲻܣϳһ𾪣ƿʥǣ֪ʥǵǾԲܳŵڡ
ʵˡ
һ̣뵽һֿܡ
һǵָڶ˵ֿ޳΢ðԽԽ𺳡
ѵ΢޲Ѿķ󣿡ðһԼò˼ͷ


һ婖 籩ȥ
ȻòܣʵʵΪֻڵˣȻ޸ƽʥǵķЩˡ
뵽õƽʥǵḶ́ͻȻо΢ӰЩغ͸Ī
Ҳ˽ˣڣʵǿᣬ类֮˵йܣҲ쾳һ硣
˭뵽һ޴ޱΣյļѾڣҪһ磬ҪΪƳʱͻôãûһ硣
ʱһͬɥ֮Ȯܷ缾͸ޣһˣ֪˶١
˻ƽʥһ
ⷨ緢ֵģʱƽʥһ޴ķ浱УǸѾ֪£ǧ֮ǰѾڣĶǼΪϺ;Զ
ʱһ޵׷ɱͬʱҲǶܷ缾Ǹ浱УԭΪɣΪ׷ɱ޼Ϊֲķ޷ƿ޼̵Ƥ
һ﷢ƯڿеĻƽʥǡ
ʱƽʥֻаƴСһУɢŽɫâ
һۼƽʥǣ֪һΪķԱ߷һƽ󣬿Բٿ
õƽʥ֮ɹĶǸ޵׷ɱڽӣŻƽʥ磬˲ˡ
ֻǺ֮ԽƽʥǷȴΪ޷СʥˣʥǿԷŴСʱǣСʱƣ˵ޱȣάͨģʥһķ
ⷨһķά֣֮ǰԱ仯вľҲԴ߶󣬷ΣգŻƽʥԶ߸߷ɡ
֮⣬ʥǵЩ޷޲Ծһε޳ʥʵѾǧٿף˲һ㡣
ʵϣ̽Ѱżͷ棬ΪѰҿ޲ʥǷķ˭뵽΢Ȼ޸ʥǷ
Ī΢Ҳ
ΨһĽͣʱ򷴵Ȼˣֲ΢Ķ֣˵΢ҲõƻƽʥĻԷҲԩ
һ̣΢Ȼһ־η
ĵƸݻ٣ٺ΢˿΢ǵͷʾ
΢ûעʱüͷԶ޴
˿̿΢̬æֺõˣڵʥβƣаգЩ޾ͻȥ
΢ҡͷǷһ䣺֮ǰ˵Щƾ豾£
һ㶣ͷ޳оǵȷƾ豾£ƣǽʱ·ֻǲϵײʥǻ֣˵˿ƣܾô
΢˵ͷҲЩ˼ĵطֻǺ棬ΪЩ֮ǰ๥ָо˲ٿһ
ֻ΢Ҳûʱȥ⣬ңҲ뿪ʥܵȥ΢Ϊ¶ʥҲԵֵסЩ޵Χ
˿̣΢ǴݲָڶˣϾʥǵҲֻ˽⣬ʲôطķʲôطķ̫࣬΢Լʱù󹥻ǸȺ
ȺȻ΢ԤϣǳԤϣʮķĹ¼
Ѿ޼ƿʩ΢޲ЩҲǳ޲Ǳģ޲޲ʮ
ˣܽһǰδеĹսӵ졣
ٶ࣬ҲģңǾ޴ķ籩Ҳ𽥼ֱûټ籩ſʼȥʱƽʥŷĻ
ȥļʱڶһֻһĿģǾסʥǣʥڣڣʥҲ
Ǿ˵ʱǼû˾ǻֵܵס
ʱʥǵĽɫֶʼѡ
΢˵ʥǲᱻƣЩη񹥻ֶûѾƵĵطʼ޲ָ
һ̣ڶ˲ſ޸ʥǡ
Ҫ֪һ΢˵ĻѾǱڶ˵ɷûٸҲӣʱ䣬΢ڶλѾǳﾭӪ
΢籩ɢҲ˿˵ʵʦ޲ʥǷ󲢲ף΢ҲֻġЩõķ󣬺Ƕȹһѹء


һһ 
˻ףֶȹһγǿ缾ǶȹһϮ֮ǰĹɣİʱڡ
֮ڣ޳Ϯ
˶˿ֻǺܿ˶Ӧ΢û˷缾ţҲ֪ڻѡ
һսʥ֮ڵ˶Ƕ΢óϷû˵ģ΢Ϊͨʥܼ֮ǱҪǿ̫࣬ʥ΢ƺҪá
Լ֮ҪƴƣҲһūᡣ
˿̣ǺǩԼˣЩľսĿŶԷͿѡ
ʵϣѡˡ
Դĺ·ضϣ֪Ҫֻһ·ߣǾǳ΢Դ˿̣Ȼǰһһ˶ĿɿڴŵһĻȻǰݵڵأ΢ﳼ֮⡣
ķڷ֮ǰԣҶֻϣͬ׷ҡʱ˵ɵѾûκ·Ψһѡ񳼷ȫȫĳֻ΢ܻ
˵ţԥʩչ֮ǰԼȫƬ֮䣬ʥ֮ڻ
Щձѹեˣ˿ָ̻ɣ޲ǰɱֻȻҡ
һͲǺǵģ˼ұϾڵˣ΢ڣ΢ڣ˭Ҷ֣
΢Ȼó˼ȻԷĳҲûбҪϾɱ˵ʵ΢ԼҪΪߣûԼ֮ԼӦҪɺܿ졣
Ҫǣ΢磬޷紫ϢֻҪԼ֮ŵ߾ͻ
һ߾ͻ֪Լ飬ҲǸԼĽ
ҲǱƽ
ʵ΢Ҳһʱ䣬Ѿǽһڣ΢Ҫﵽڣ۷壬ʱ˽΢޵֣˾ŵ˭΢׽ɱ
΢Ѿ˷ǾǼ׳麣
΢һָо麣Ϊڣ۷嶼пܣΨһǣŪ麣ɳԴ
ɵ͵ҩһķӣ΢֪ƽʥǵУԴ϶в١
΢һһ
ʥеĵҩƵĵرȫȡס˵еġ΢ţ½ȥû⣬ϾʥϤģ
ҶԷȻҪܵһЩԼΡ
Ȼ΢ᣬڸᣬͿ϶úñ֡
˷ģԺ̾ȥȡ
ʥ֮кüűı⣬ЩܵĵرһΪֲ֣ȻЩҲ˲٣ɺܶࡣ
ȻЩĶȡҲЩʹ֪ԲֳܱҺȣЩ֮ʵûбҪ̫ء
Ժܿ죬ĵ͵ҩͶ΢ǰ
˵ʵ΢ԼҲǱ۵ЩŵرסˣĲ˵ǵͺֹʮ
һöһΪʮ򵤹ǾʮΪ
⻹ŵرҩݣѾƳɵĵҩҲöǴֱеĴֱʡ
΢ȻǴϲҲ˵ֱʩչǰһУ˲еĵҩĵرȫ΢С
Щĵرữķ뵽΢麣УΪ֣΢ţôķͻƣ˵ΪԽһλͻƵڡ
ĵڣ΢ͿԷ˽磬ʱ򣬾ͲǵԼԼȥҵˡ
ʱȥҪôĵҲҪʱģȻҲ΢ôһֱӾȥһ缾
ʱ䣬Ҳ뿪΢̫ԶϾΧ̫಻ĿⶢȻǲҶ΢ʲô뷨ģһ΢Ķ֣΢ʱ΢ϾȻǵһɼΪǿϢͷ·΢һ޴ޱȵӰҿ˵ºˡ
Ҫǣ΢֪ʲôӾȻһ½ô൤͵ҩɵͨ˰̾硣
ǣԻ
쾳Ҳһ̵ôĵرͬԷһٷһԻ
ʣУ΢һ湦ôһ̵ôĵرҪ֪κζＫطĶ̫࣬ҲҪĶҩ΢飬֮


һ ǲ
˽֪΢²΢ֶжϾ֮ǰ΢һ˱һĻֱײе˼㣬Ҳˣ˭ֵܵ͹
Ȼηо΢ִʥǣʥѾˣº˴΢Ϲط֪޲ʥǷ΢ĵλβơ
ʱ䣬Ը˽ػ΢Χ
Щ˵Уʣ֮һֻܳ׵ĺ΢һ𣬲Ȼ֮ǰ˿϶鷳
֮⣬ȪˣˣˣˮˣҲ֮һǴ󶼸м΢ˮҲڱ
һ缾ոտʼʱҲ΢̵һҩ֮£΢ͻȻ۾Ȼһŭ
ֱΧ˶ͷһ֪ʲô΢һ̣΢૵ǲ
Ȼʲô
һ̣Ǿ֪ˡ
ȥҵҩһпΪĶھҪ΢һ
Ȼż΢û뵽麣Ȼ˵ԹҪ֪֮ǰ΢̳ԵĿʮĵôŵر͵ҩʮΪ΢Ĺ㣬Ȼһ̨ףһ˭뵽ˣǲ
΢Ļܳԣûӣ΢ֻܴлָΧҪ͵ҩ
Ļȥˣʱ΢Ļϲüҡ
ô౦˵ʵȷޱȣ˵ڵѪҲǺΪл˺һܣһѪȻ⡣
£û𣿻̽˽صĵҩڣʥͻˣҲˣҪǵĵҩǵ컯ס˵ûУĴĺܡ
ٿԿ϶ԼǰһЩﶼ˽صĴʱǺԥյ³
Ҳ϶ҲУýֺͷ붼֪
Դ˿ϣ˺һһУ⵰
ڶ˶ɫһ㶣ܿ죬Ȫ˶ǷӦǵûʲôԥȡǵ˽أġˮҲһҲǽǸԵ˽ȡ
ĸȡĵв٣Ȼһ㲻½½ǰǸԵ˽ضȡ˳ȻÿһóĶ࣬ǧٵҲʮΪڶ࣬һ¾ȻҲճ򵤹Ͳٵҩ
΢ǽЩ¡
Ŀ麣УõµĹʼ΢óҪµ֦ҶĸϵҲҪ
̾һľţȻѾʼߣͱߵ棬Բ;ͣȻǰ΢֮ǰŻôżҪ
ֻȻһɲ
΢ѾЩ֪ܳԣ˵ġ̰ᡯ΢Բô׵Ŀʼȼ
ںҲûˣֻһĳ̶ȣԼͣ
΢ۣڶҪ
ڶȻǳԾС֮ǰҲȷвûн٣Դ˿̣֮ǰģЩˡ
е˵ֵסֻǽһЩҲһЩ޶ԣȻװɵ㶣׼ɡ
Щ΢
˵ʵҪʲôԣʥģûԼЩˣ΢ʶˣѹҪⲻȥ
΢һ΢Ҫ˭˽ضɵģ֪Ը
ⷬ˵ɱʮ㣬һЩԭҪװɵ㶵װȥˡ
ǵȷ£΢֮ǰӣһǷӦһֱ΢ֳӶʮֺ˵ʵϣҪ˵ǱȲ΢ģڹؼʱ̣΢Ҫ㹻ĵ͵ҩά
գ΢ġơ֮£Ȼִճ򵤹Ͳٵĵҩ΢֮࣬󣬹Ȼһ׶Σͣ
Ҳ˵ͣٲõ֮ǰĹˮƯˡ
΢˿ϸȥƺǰߣ֦ҶҲҪ࣬Ҳ麣У棬һͿԳһС硣
ϣ΢ܵǿʵϾ΢Լֻ΢źǣľ粢ûɻڣȻҪڣڻԶԶ
Ȼûнڣ΢ʵҲǱ֮ǰҪ̫࣬΢ҪԸȫʢʱڣ΢ֻҪһʱ䣬ͿԽ򱬡


һǧİʮ ɽ
ʥ֮ڣ΢һ֮ϣʥıѩء
˿Ƿ缾ķ缾̫Ƶˣ΢ţĿǰΪǴ뵽棬Ҳʲô⣬԰Ȼȹһͨ缾
Ҳ˵΢ڷ缾ѰҸĵرʵϣ΢֮ǰҲôܿ죬΢ͷˡ
ȻȥҲҵһЩĵرʥΧĵʲôģͱɨ̫ˣҵıͲ࣬һ㵤΢˵ֱǱˮн
΢ҪģʮƵĵĵرССָûκЧá
ı⣬ҲǻʱŻ۳ô࣬΢Ȼûôʱ䣬΢㣬Ҳͻһʱ䣬ͱҪ磬˽硣
ԾԲܾôɵš
ӣ΢ʥ֮쾳֮ϵ˶ѯһ飬Щ㹻ʱ䣬ＫΪϤ΢ǣʲôطԶʱҵɹĵر
Щ֮ǰҲǱ΢Żˣôĵر΢һ̵ȻƨûУΪʵǿ£΢ѯʣ󲿷˶˵һص㡣
ɽ
еԹȥеǵ;˵ʣǿУɽǱһݣϺõҩġ
ͬɽʮΣգ˵Ψһһܷ缾Ӱ򣬰˵õıӻڶǶں統ж̤㣬˵ɽĿֲ
Թȥģǳ΢Ҫ˵ûһ˼Ҳǲܣ˵ɽʱûй˵Σգȴ˵صҩ飬ɽȪСϪһڣֵտޡ
ֱǽɽһ޴ı⣬ĵرֿɵá
΢ҲûвһС˼ɽȷǱǱȻҲᱻɽ˼˵ɽгפɵ
ͬɽΣķ̤㣬˵Σճ̶ȣȥˣֻΧе̤㣬ֻǸԶ
һʼ΢ΪɽޣȴǲǣȪ˺˸΢ɽûޣȴмΪع
̤ɽ˲ɽѹɽ綾ɸʴΧˣΪֹ˿Խɽ
ˣҲˣ統ޣҲ῿ɽ硣
ɽΣգ˵ȴǻ˵΢Ѿ˼΢֪ΣɽȥһˣҪ麣ջۿ϶ʥе˶ԼռҲΪҲ洦Եõģڵٶȣ꣬һԼ̤ڡ
ɽΣղΣգ΢Ҫȥһ
Ϊʱ΢֪£һ˳ģΣգҲͲҪ̤֮·
ˣ˽ˣǶȹƳѾУҪʱ޿̶ҪΣգֻ֮ʣͻԼ
ҲֲãԸڰݵ棬ǳΪūҲԸȥƴΪǲҡ
΢һ·ʵûж꣬ûҲ
ڵƣҪգΪ˵޳һαһθֲôȵһ޳٣ʥǵķҲδֵܵ
ȣֻԴС
΢˿̣ѾѾ
֪΢Ҫǰȥɽʥ֮ڵ˶ޱȣǲ⡣
вǰݼ΢΢£Ͼ΢ʥ֮֮ϣٹ⣬Ҫ뿪ʥǣԴԴϵԴʲôõ飿
ȻǲԸ΢ȥҲΪʥ΢ĿƵУһ΢и̣ͻƴȨǲǺ¡
ֻ΢أڣ΢ЩȰ˶Щ
Щ˵磬ҲΪ̽Ѱİأ֮ʲô
ʲôûС
Ϊ·缾ޣǾȻǶأ꣬ʮ궼ûʲôڻţֻǽңȻһ
ԶЩˣ΢ûʲôɫ
Ҳ⡣
֪΢Ҫǰȥɽʱм˾Ȼʾͬȥ΢Щ졣
ЩˣȪˣˣбˣ΢ͿЩŵģ˲ֽͬȡ֮ɻţΪηηš
ֻ΢ģȴǵĸˡ
Ȼ
˿̣΢Ŷ湧Ц⣬²ԷͼʱǱϹϾֻȴεĺܡ


һ 
ͳʥôãǴ֮ˣ֪΢ȥɽԲܽʥǵĿȨԼҲ˵鷳ԼΪ̫֮࣬ǰ΢ڣЩ˲ʲô΢뿪Ǿͱ׼ˣ˵Ϊϣռݾƣûʱʱ̶̿
෴΢ǱҲδǱ֮ء
ϸо΢ֻھͿѹԼҲַɵ֮ˣԼȻһʼ˻˼û˵ɽΣգ˿϶˵΢֪ɽն
Ȼ֪ҪȥǾ˵΢ĵơ
˭֪ɽﱦڶ࣬ҲΪȻ뿪طһᡣ
ڤ˼ãҧ¶׷΢
Ϊã΢˵һת۵㣬л
΢ûоܾǣϾ΢ԼɽϤѹûȥ˶ȥôҲԼǿ
Ǵ·ʡºܶ鷳
΢ҲҪ֣ΪǸͨϣ϶԰æ
֮΢Ҳٵȷ缾Ҫ̳
ȪͱһȻȣûоܾһûʸܾ΢˾ٺе
ȻҪȥɽķ缾ȷͲʲôˣ缾£ǻȥʲôɽ
׼뿪ʥǡ
棬ʥڶ˸ӵĿ⣬е˸пһֲѹڵ˼һܵаɽ˭֪ǽеĽأҪȥ
ҲֻˣôҪһȥ׷ȥü
ȿȣλ̨ЦˣҲڣȥ˼ֱﰲȽ̤ʵصס
缾Уۣѩ죬˿̣΢˴õ£⺮첽ܡ
޷УʥܣҲѼ̫ãװ˷ѷҪǣкͱ׶ڿ࣬ʱ𣬸
ǰ·΢ں档
·гԹİ˾УֻʱûҪ˼Ҳܶκκɫһ·ŭĿӣȻ֪ԷΪλˣ룬һ֮£ʵ⣬Щţµģڼǲţʱȥʡ
һ㶣һȻ̫ţûϵֻҪڼѯʾͺá
ֻڿ϶ˡ
ãȻȥһȥڼģұɱ˵
һ·ա
統УȪ˵ΪȴеԱţǾԱѩͨҲˣԶԺĵֵ˵ǿģʱϢʱҲԿἸǽ赲Χ硣
˵ڰգԶһ޴ɽ
ɽǱ߿Կ޷ѩͷ·Χ籩ѩһ
ɽԶҲ߼ʡ
ˣɽʱ˵΢ͷ˼·໹ٰ·ʱȪǽ˶Ϣͬʱ˾һɳڱǽ֮ڣ㱣
˾Ϣָ⼸ո·΢ҲǸܵĺ䣬ҲҿΪõ£Ȼ档
Ҳһðŷգ缾ֲ̫ôҲ뾡취ʥǵС
Ϣ֮󣬼·һΣֱߵɽɽ֮¡
һƬʮĽûкǺɫģм޵ĺǡ
˴ǵĽأҲ޵ĽأһЩգɽеĵ鱦󲿷ֶװ׶ʱ˵
ƺΪӦĻԶ΢һͷ޴ޣ·һͷʮ׵ľ޴ֻƤ滹еǴ̣΢ɣͷ޶һ쾳ˣַӾͿԽ˺顣
ֻͷϿ޾ĿѩץסһᣬͻȻһͷ£ɽ
Ŀ꣬һԴС
̣̺ǿ΢ȥٵֵһǧٶȼ죬һҧסҪߡ
ֻĶͻȻĿ£·ѹѹһ㣬ðǿᣬǵʩչĽ񷶥һ㡣
ƴӣھ߽粻ɵľ뵹ܿ죬ͱһ߰׹ǡ


һǧİʮ 
һĻ΢ˣҲˡģģ΢ɫһ䡣
˸ɫ԰ס
ʵѾڣŵһС磬ԽС𣬶Ȼ˱΢֮ǰ˵ɽΣŲһɽ֪ɽغͿֲ
ˣ㿴ˣɽȻ䱦ȡ֮ȫ˵ȴ֮١ԱȪʱ򿪿ڵ΢ɽΣա
΢ͷȴǿղצһö߽粻Զ΢ҲҪһɽΣա
뵽΢Ťͷ˵ԵƬ̡
˵꣬΢Ѿһԥɽ硣
˲䣬΢ܲϺͬʱһһ˲䣬·ɽѹһ
عȻǿ󣿡΢һ㶣ΪͨȻҲʮֳ΢Ըܵɽ統У쾳ҲᱻǿعѹƳͨһ㣬˵Уܿһ㶼ѣԲ˺ƿռĿԡ
ͬһʱ̣΢ܵһɸʴ֮
㷨¼˲ͱڵǻ˿Ҳܵ˸ʴ
ðԵ
΢Ƥһ֮ԸóȻ룬һû룬ֻȡǸߣ΢мǿķҪֵӦⲻ
飬΢ɽΣա
ֻǺܿ죬麣Ǳߣӿһ֮΢ֵɽĸʴ֮߶ԿȻγһƽ⡣
΢ٲԥǿ첽ʬԵȻ첽˳ɽ硣
棬΢˿ͬʱٴθܵ䣬˵΢Ըֺ䡣
ո麣֧΢˳ҲԻˡ
ֻ΢㶯˿ȴˡ
Ƕ֪ɽĿֲеԽУǾһһͳˡ
Ǹո΢Ȼд⣬ֻ¶ѡ
һ£΢иĪ⣬۾һǰ벻ɽԳ磬ҵ
΢֪ƨҲν˿΢Ժŵһɷҷ
̺ϸĵᲢ۵ģһ̺Ϊ浤ʮ
ֻҪϸȥͿԿɽУ޴ľ緱ǡ
Щкܶ˺޳ԴɽȡҩֻܳɹĲ࣬ɼˣ߽ΧȡߵҲѾȡߣոӦգϧʧˡʱҲ˵ɽһ˿䣬ƺĹ
΢ûн£Ǭ䵱УһȻ΢ҪǾ޴ֻа麣ľ磬ڡ
΢ļƻֻҪ޳ڣôҪ˽磬˽鷳ɳȹ
΢޳۷֮󣬻ص磬̽Ѱİ
ڣ΢Ҫǵνɽȡĵر
ǸղһһεĽȡٶ̫Ҳ̫ķѷͬղţ΢Ȼȥ𣬵ʵҲ˴ۣ麣˲١
ֻνУȴһ⡣
ʱ΢
߷΢Ŀ⣬ŵĶһ£Ȼ΢еĹâһ㲻⡣
һ̣΢ڵɽеĸʴ֮ҲڹʥӦÿԵסһſһͬȥ
һһ
ȻǳԾ΢жԼǴû˵ʥܵԷȻܲ³
ȷһܣʥܣȷǶʱڵֵסɽĸʴ֮⣬ҲƾͨУȡ˲ٺôȴûкκ˵˿̱΢һƣȻ൱Ծ
ˣ⡭Ʊ缸΢һ֣ʾԡ
˿̣΢ֿ򱱻ˣˣʱԸɶ֮ǵһǿɼʮϢʱ䣬
Ǳ߱Ҳһ㶣û뵽ԼȻҸǺһľ
Ҳû뵽΢ԼȻ˽⡣
ʵ£΢·Ͼ˼΢ӲСκһʱһЩȥͨͨûʲô֮أʵϣһЩضʱһЩǿóġ


һ ջ
֮ǰѯʹ⼸˵ͨѾƣۼɽع΢һ׷
һֿɽķ
ַߵ˺޷ûбĴŮأ㹻ĵرȡֻҪʱ䣬Ϳȡ֮뿪
˿̣΢ֿȪˣʱʩչ֮
Ի˿΢һЩʴ֮Ӱ죬һЩա
΢İţ۾һǶɵȻԿ΢İżֱףȻֶȡô
ʱҲԾԾԣ΢ûʵˣأʲô
һռĵر΢Ц߼æͷ
Ȼһж׵ʵϣ΢ﻹһûףϾȻһжãκ鶼⡣
ֻһһ
Ȼ΢һʼѡһ㣬̫룬ϤˣŻɽ
˿ʼָ˼Σòˣ΢һӣվλãʼ׼ɽ
ʱҲûӣԼʥܻǺĵģ˿΢һֻǽʥķΧ
˲䣬ͬһ޴Ĺǣ˶ڣǽɽ硣
̤˲䣬ɽѹϮ˵Ķһ٣ʱ򣬱˼æʩչɳ֮ͼϷɳһƬɳ˫ŰסһϵѹǼࡣ
ܣ
΢һ˼æǼǰ
˵ʥ£˿Բܸʴ֮Ӱ죬ɳԵһЩѹ˿ԶʱڲɽعӰ죬֮£Ϣʱ䣬ѾͻɣѾԿĵر
ͣ£ö΢һ£ͼȪʩչȡΧĵر
˷֮ɫȻԼԲ룬Χĵرֱֿɵá
ٿ΢Ǵ󵨣˿̾ȻΪ񱼶Զһڳ
ֱ۴С澧Ө͸볤緢˿͸һǿţһ͵ֵʮ
΢һժԱһŹŹֹļöӡ
ǹһ͸߲ʹâͬˮ֮ޱȣ͸һر㡣
ߵʱ΢˳ְԱһѲҩ
ҩҶƬƣԲǷƷȡֶ΢żæ˻ʥУʱ򣬴ǽѾϢʱ䡣
Ҷסˡ˿ɫ԰ףʥܣ˵ȫֿŸʴ֮ط򣬶Էļָоʮ΢ڶըһ㣬Ϣʱ䣬ѾǼֲס
ˣ
΢֪ʱϣĻƾΪͨƴȥˣǳ֮⣬Ķ
ʱԲ̰ģ˾ˡ
˶΢һҪˣ̾ߣ̰ľʱǰȫ˳ɽ
˿ͷ󺹣ݽߣػָҲ࣬Ҳǲϵʩչɳ֮ͬĲ١
϶ϲɫȪҲһΪһΣǴջ
Ǽ˶ȡ˲ĵرһ˿ٿԵֵٵ⻹ֻһεջΣջ񻹻
ֻ΢ɲ⡣
̫ˣ
΢֪ЩǲˣҶΣŪ൱ʮ򵤹ĵر
൱Ļۡ
Щ΢˵Ǳˮн֮ǰչչôˣҲֻ麣һ㾳磬΢ҪԶԶЩ
΢ɽ
ȻҪҵĿΪȼĶ档
һʱ䣬˶ͬķɽΧչκô˵չεĶˡ
ĵرҲǶ˺ܶ࣬ȥѾʮ򵤹Чá
Ȼ˶˷ޱȣһµջҲǼޱȣҪ֪ʥǣĴӶչΣҲôһ㶫񲻹һʱ͵õˡ
΢˽һµճɷ˷֡
Ȼ΢ôͷû˻᲻ͬ⣬ʵϾ΢ȫˣҲ˷ԣ΢Ȼ
˶΢ûóȻʹãϸӦһȷЩԽƵһµľ֮ŽеĵرɣС
һ΢գΪǡ
ʱѾǴ˷ҹȻҪչΣ΢ȴǲȥˡ


һǧİʮ ¾
ˣΪβˣȻ벻ףȪġҲ벻ף˵ʵ֮ǰǳͷ΢֮ǰȷû뵽ҲΪ֮Ǿ뷨Ҳܻϡ
ϾôˣҲֻʥܿԵֵɽĸʴ֮Ҳֻб˵ĸɳ֮Щɽɽ
ȱһɣ޷
ںòᣬȴ΢ˣȻЩ⡣
΢һЦҲˣǼ
һ£΢ɲֻȥչΣʵиҪ飬Ǿǹ۲ɽ
Ϊʥܣԣ΢Ա˸ɽռһпռ鱨΢ǿ΢Ѿ൱Ϥˡ
Ȼ΢֡
ɽиֲһֶģ繽ȴǸɡֶҩҲ޷ж΢Ϊ綾־綾Ҳᱻ治ɢĶж΢ȴһ¡
Ǿ綾ɡ£Բܸʴ֮ʴ
΢ûʱϸоΪԶ˾綾ĶۣǿЩĵֵʴ֮ڣ綾ɡ£¸ʴ֮
Ϊ֣΢˱Ĵ㣬գȻôԭһ
ǽɽǸ֮ڵҩҲʣ޼
Ͼʺǽ򲻶࣬طҪôǹʯҪôͱڣк󽭡
ɽΣյĵطδɽ֣ʹ󽭻Σգ΢Ƕи֪֪̽Σա
ʣǺʹ󽭵дΣµģǲ῿
Ϊˣԣܽȥ٣ȻһµչΣʣ¶٣ټȥҲջ񣬵Բ̫ࡣ
һ£ûʲôջˣ΢ҪѰԭ
΢ڵĹ㣬Ҫһ磬µ֦Ҷ͸ϵҲðʮ򵤹ΪѾ൱ֲˣ֮ǰķǺռ
΢ļƻûиˣҲ½֦飬Ҳֻ΢ԼκһѱȫǣϾ΢Լ֪ɽʲô鷳Լǰ;δôܴ˽ȥ
΢۲죬ɽеľ綾٣һͿԼڽƽ뵽˴ûн棬϶иǿĵر԰ԼС
΢֮ǰĻҲЩԣ΢˵ҲʣϢã׼ɽһΣ΢ͬͬУֻڵܽļ֮΢˵Ӧһ˽ȥ
˵꣬΢Ҳ˵ʩչ˲ʥܵķΧʧǰֵС
˿Ŀɿڴһʱ䶼
ô죿
ô죬˳ȥҵķҪľˡ
˽ɽֻܼʮϢң˿ʮϢȻǲֻ˳ȥ֮ɽһɫ졣
΢ȥˣǺԥǿȴɱûʲô
𾪹ȻǷһ˿ϲ
ʱĽӴ΢ԽĿֲΪУԲ΢Ķ֣ҾıҲУȻѾǽ˳΢ʵﻹôһ뷨
˿̣뷨ѿˡ
ȻҲֻѿѣǲұ¶Ϊ΢̫ǿˣ΢䣬Բʲô춯
Ϊ£һԼʲô飬պ΢ˣǾ鷳ˣһҲɽҪ˵ϣԣǽһ˿˿궯ȥ
Ǽɽ߽磬ظչΣͬʱȴ΢
˵΢ʥ֮ǿٱϮϵĸɳ֮ܿͻʧЧ΢Ҫʱ嵽һ綾ɡ档
һܵɽʱ޿̶ڵĸʴ֮
΢ȷʴ֮һַԼĳ̶ȣҲܲ˶ãϢ͵ֵס֪жֲ
΢ֻõһϢʱ䣬ͳһ綾ɡ棬˲䣬΢͸оһɹŹֵϣҲһĸо
ǶɢĶۣҲΣģ͸ʴ֮һΣȴǿԳܵġ
ж΢ֶͨҪѣó²ſܶͱȸʴ֮öˣʴַ֮ӾͿҪ


һ ¯
֮΢Ѿܲʴ֮Ӱ죬΢΢ЦȻļƻеͨ
ΧһЩݹʵ΢˳ժȻ̳Իָ΢ʼѰһ綾
ΧһЩλã΢ܿѡһжʮɣ˿΢첽ŲƣȻѹɽһ㣬΢ϢǸ綾档
գ΢Щľɽһѹ̫ˣԽ˵жѹ΢оԼܵĺͷ˲࣬ƽʱʮɵľ룬һͿ̤ȥ
˿̣΢ϵƤҲѪģⶼ֮ǰʴ֮ʴģ΢ת֮ܿƤͻָ糣
ͬķ΢ɽһ죬΢ڲͬľ綾תƣ⼸ַӣѾнʮ
΢Կ϶˻޾ûн뵽־룬ΪΧĸĵرֱǱΧĶ̫ࡣ
˵Ǳݣ㿴ȥԿ̺
΢ʱռģҲֵ򵤹⻹΢ûðգ΢ռĵرҲʲôҪ綾ԶĲҪΪȡ̫ΣգƷ̫͵ҲҪǼչȥ΢ܵĵرһµľ磬Խ֦Ҷï΢һָоԼڲԶˡ
Ͼ΢õķǰδеģ˭뵽ɽҲֻ΢΢ΪĿҲƴġ
ɽĵʮ죬΢һ֡
Ѿͣͺܾõ徳磬Ȼ
΢ΪԾϸһ䣬һ£Ϊʱ޿̶ɽһѹһʼ΢൱Ӧʮȥ΢ͻȻԼ֪ʲôʱʼȻҲûرɽѹˡ
ҪԼҲ˲٣жǰҪһЩܵ˸ʴ֮ʴϵĸʴ֮Ҳûôˡ
΢һ
ȻԼ忪ʼӦɽĻԭûģΪֵľ綾΢ᣬӦɽĻ
΢룬ȥʱ䣬Լǲǿǿӵиʴ֮Ե
ʱǲǾͿԲپɽӻ
΢мȻУȻ֮ǰǿ˲٣ȥϢϢʱ䣬Ҳ군
Ըõ͵ʱ͵
΢òͣΪǰһӣͲҲʮɣΧûо綾塣
ûо綾ı΢Ȼȥ΢ܸоӴž˵Ϣ
ûӣ΢һ綾ϥһʼʱջ
У΢һð֮𣬹ʵ浱еġ
̺ǿޱȵһԵֵٵЧãѾ൱ֲˣŪһЩ΢Ϊ졣
֮⣬һʵʮأз·һǣ滹м̣΢СĶܻᱻˣƿǣͻᷢĺö
İĹ⣬ɢżΪ˵֮󣬾ȻȫϴӾѪ
΢ʮܣͻȻһµĿ꣬ΧƺвܶŪһЩӦÿһԼ徳硣
ʱ䣬΢ֻǳһЩֱֿʳõĹʵĲҩʵ϶ʺֱǽƳɵҩ
˵ҩ΢ͷĽⶾѾʣ޼ھ綾ȻԵʴ֮Ƕӣ΢Ҳ뾡һа취صʴҲϴӾѪЧãҲԵɽⶾҩá
Ȼܼǰ΢ʹ￪¯ҩˡ
綾ǵ󣬵Ҳ㹻õ¯ˣ΢Ѿ¸ʵֻУҲѲ΢
ֻҪʲôҩ΢ﻹû׶ϾɽеĲҩڶ࣬Һܶ඼ǰδ΢֮̽󣬱֪Щҩҩԡ
֪ҩԣõ
΢Ȼȱⶾ
׼׵΢ȡҩЩҩ΢֣Ǽ¼΢Լ׫ҩ䵱С
ҶݣҶݣƻ񡭡
һԣ΢óֲ߰ҩȫһεξں
ʱɡ
˽統мΪͨõĽⶾɽ¾ųɾ綾
˵ζ࣬ŶŵȥĽⶾûʲôֻǵ΢һźɫ䡣
ǿҩЧ
΢һҪ֪ĶԼǿҲˣֱӾܶ˾綾ŵ˽磬Կ˽綾ҩǰƵĽⶾ£ȻǽڵĶؽһɶ


һǧİʮ 
΢֪ҩǷƷģͬһֵҩΪҩЧʲͬҲǷŵȣʣ΢ɽƳһöⶾǰδеĸƷжߣ΢ȷ֪õĽⶾҪΡ
Ტۡ
һöⶾԽһЩʶ
Ȼһöⶾĳʱ䲻ھ綾棬ɻж
ֻ΢Ѿ¡
ǵҩ
һߵ۹ɽһ޴ı⣬һʼ΢עǼЩ͵ϣʵɽҩĸ࣬ҶƷʵ֡
Щҩģ΢Ӳɼ˲٣һЩֱеǲУֻҩ
ǰ·Ҳ˻ȥԼ
ⶾ΢ϰöӦ㹻һʱˣˣͷҩҲûһɡ
ʣµģ΢һЩָҩвľǸʴ֮΢룬ơ컯񵤡˵ѪͨЧ˵Ǳʴ֮ƤѪⸯʴⵤҩҲ޲ټ΢֮Ǳ¶ھ綾棬΢ҲԼֵʮϢǸࡣ
һֱʥܻҪ͡
컯֮΢ֿʼΪĵҩȻƳҲġ
̳ʮ졣
װҩƿҲҪװʮ죬΢ʮ¯ÿһ¯Գٵͷĵҩǲ٣ԺժҩҲֱƳɵҩ
£΢֮ǰ۵ҩѾĵĲˡ
΢˿ԼҩʣµѾ࣬ҴһЩԷֱҩԵҩģǰδҩġ
ЩԷֱҩԵҩģ΢治˭֪ʲôҪ֪ҩҩںеı仯ֹǧ٣϶࣬仯СģҪƲҩܿƳһö
Ҳţ΢룬ǾԿʲô
ﶪһöⶾ컯񵤣΢ողɼ˼ŹֵĲҩ࣬Ȼӻ𣬿ʼ
һ΢κεֻƾоĸֲҩҩ֭ںϣ˲ͬҩԣ΢ҲʱӦʱֻԽ棬ֱ仯ԽǸӣ΢Ҳ԰ѿأƾŸоߡ
ɵʱһС鷳Ҫ֪΢Ϊĳɹǰٷ֮٣һγ⡣
ϸûаѿصλһҪʱ򣬾Ȼʧص΢֪ʱ⣬¯٣ҩ飬صĻܻܿ޴鱬
еʱ֮ܽ˻ը
΢Ϊߣʱ򿴳ʩչͨס¯ⵤ¯ҲǶ֮ϧҪǣõ¯ըܿܽΧľ綾ը飬ʱ΢û˱ӻ֮ء
΢鷢
һ̣¯еĵҩͻȻһɳ
΢üͷһ壬ЩҩȻһ˿Ҳ˵Լһ¯Ȼ˵飿
ǼΪѵõ飬΢֪Щҩסδɾͳ¯ܿͻը
ǵҲһ
ͬ΢ϣɳĵҩܿһ˲仯ĩУ΢æⵤж
΢ˡ
嶾һһַҷ΢Ҳ֪ոƳʲôҩʲôҩòˡ
ҩԲĲҩǽҩȻԳɵһΣ΢Ҳûй£׼˵¯ȥռһЩҩʱ΢ͻȻ̧ͷһ
ڵľ綾棬Ȼ֪ʱһֻӡ
΢ûпǵȷһֻӣֻӹŹֵ㣬ë͸һֹΣұһҩ¨
⻹㣬ӾȻһۣȥʮֻ΢ûЦֻ𾪣Ϊ۾Ȼͫ
ʣ΢ûֺӣǺӱôɽ
΢ɽҲЩӣǴûκ飬һûУĵرľʯͷЩ֮⣬һûӶûС
ҲϾɽعΪ⣬ֲ쾳޶ԴҲûʲôֵˡ
Щ΢ѾϰˣͻȻ֪ʲôطðĺӣ΢֮ǰ֪ȫ߸ˣֲǣ΢ڴ֮ǰѹһ㶼ûио
ͼǺӴ˿̾Ȼ¶һı飬˿ۿɼΧոɢҩۣȻǱһ롣
ٿźӣһζʮ㣬졣


һ ƴ
΢𺳣˿Ҳǻָƽӵȷ죬ȻԵֵɽǿֲط򣬿ɼˣ΢Ҳûʲôɾµġ
սϣ΢ûо¹κˣӾ΢ҲӦԡ
ʱ򣬺Ҳ΢ԴŹͺ档
һһôӣǺӱһƺŵʲôȻһץ΢
˿̣΢ﻹһƿǼö΢Ƶ컯񵤣ӵ֣ץƿ
Ӷ죬΢Ҳ
ںӶֵ˲䣬΢ѾӺһͬʱһֻץӵ
Ǻץ˸գһ̾ȻǱ΢סĹֽУҲ¶ŭݣϵĽëҲǸը
Ҫֳߣ΢̸оһɾ޴΢ţͬʱ׼ץסӿ
һ̣ŭˡ
һŭϱһΪǿϢ鱬һ㣬˲ϯɣһ̣ײ΢
΢ʩչˣҲǱײ˳ȥ
ľ۶ڶ΢ԼȻײʮ⣬˾綾ķΧ
ˣ
΢̾ҪԱߵľ綾£˭ǱߵĺӼΪ΢ͼȻ¶һ˿Ц
Ӵһȭ磬ȻǽΧľ綾ȫ顣
ٿϣȻǺһ¶˼һЦݣȻҲǿ΢ɽطֻǶھ綾档
˿̻Χľ綾Ƕ΢·
΢ȻҲǴŭû뵽˴ҪԼһʼԼƿҩԼץҲûҪӺ˼
˿̺ǷЦƺ˵ã˭㲻ҵҩ˭ץҡ
ͼϴ΢Ǹܵʴ֮²Ӿǿ·أҪҵµľ綾Ȼᱩ¶ڸʴ֮¡
ʮϢ΢Լ֣ٳҲֲסˡ
һܣ΢һ߽ⶾ컯Уʴֻ֮Ǻܿ΢ͷ֣Ǻʵɶ
Է׼ԼһȻһ·β棬ֻҪǿ綾һȭȥƻ΢֪ͣӣԷһֱңûл綾С
˿̹ϵ΢Ҳκαһ̣תӣͬʱʩչ
һԵʩչ
ǺҲһ֨֨ҽУ죬ֲ֮̾Ҫ΢Ҳ죬˼ܲɽطҲȷȻǽ΢ѣԾһôŭĳ΢Ӷȭͷ
ղ΢ҲȫûЧãһӵĺնˣնƶԷ·ӡѪ
Ҳѹֺŭܻ
΢ֻƻ綾ȴв΢
΢û뵽ȻԼٶȼ죬ԼҲһܸϵϣҶԷ֣˵Ӿӣλ΢һʱ֮뱻С
Ҿ綾ҵΣ϶ᱻӸƻԼҲûá
˴߽绹Զúܣ΢ӹȥ΢ѾǾҪߵͷ
ǺӻҽУˣ΢Ҳŭͷƿҩֿʴ֮Ǻӡ
ǵӲɡ΢Ҳȥˣס߻ɱԲֻ꣬нӽܰȫ
˿̵΢֮ǰոսʱȣѾ֮ʱ΢ܵɽѹʴ֮жѣܿһ㶼ѡ
Ǵ˿̣ʱ޿̵Ӧɽѹ΢ӰѾ΢΢ѹЧ΢ǿˡ
ͬԸʴ֮ĵֿ΢ҲǱ֮ǰǿ̫࣬һʼ΢ΪԼҩֻܼʮϢܿ΢֣Լڱ˵ʮϢһӶԼ֡
ǿڸʴ֮ЧʱƤ⣬Ҫǣÿһܣ·ǧһ㣬΢΢ԼҲûע⵽ÿһθʴ֮Ƥ⣬Ҫ֮ǰǿͼ͡
΢ҲǻˣһҪץסӣǺӺ΢һֲǶ֣̾ӡ΢׷΢׷һȥ˾Ȼתص㣬΢Լ֪ȥʲôط
ȵӦʱ򣬲ͻȻ֣ԼȻǹ֮ǰոյĴӡ
ֵһɽ£һ޴ľǴǱ߹ġ
΢ڷ㶣ֻоԺ磬Ƕ£ͬʱһֻоߵһǺӡ
ԭӳû͵Ϯ΢񣬶˵˺һţӳʹֽžܡ


һǧİʮһ 񾳣һ
Ǻ൱
΢һſǳɽܵطѹƣɽҲǿģںϣȻֻöԷʹֽС
ʱ΢һĿɿڴʵӵǿȣǱԼҪ
ëӷŵ˽磬Ի޵еĴڣǼ֮ҲκβãǶ֡
ڣ΢ͱӾջѣ׷׷ϣ̾ӣֱȹƤҩ
鷳ǣ΢ڱ¶ڸʴ֮棬ƺЩ·
ΧҲо綾ֻҪ΢ոնȥûü綾ͻᱻӴ飬ȵ΢ɱȥֵֻС
һȥ΢ֱӱˡ
ӣҷǵðƤɡ΢Ҳˣô꣬΢ӹɵģڣǱڸˡ
Ҳɽйޱȣޱȣʱʱ̶̿ܶûкӵң΢Ҳô
ӻûûˣ鷳ǻ֣˭ϣ˭
΢׷һȥ΢ϵƤǺ˻˺ã̶ʱѾǻʮ顣
΢֣һӣԼȻû
ϸһԼǿ˲٣ȻѾԽҩǿ͸ʴ֮⡣
΢󾪣Ǵϲ
˽磬ԼѾǼ£ѻ΢һȵģǸոս˽ʱ΢Ϊȳˡ
ɽ΢Ѿ۷徳磬Ȼٶ
Ѿ۷壬ٶôһ¥ʲô磿΢˿ʱ΢뵽Ǹӡ
᲻Լ壬Ҳһɽط
֣΢еŭû֮ǰôˣ΢øлֻӡ
ֻӲϴƾ綾ƻԼıӻ֮أôԼԶ޷ƳԼǱԶ޷徳ٶ
ǣ΢źҲû֮ǰϸ룬ԷҲûʲô̫飬ʼֻԱȡҩ
ǵҩԼ˵ʲôһЩֺη
ʱ΢Ƿƽ̬˿̣΢ǺӶԶԵй۲Լ룬ȡһƿ˼öҩȻ
㣡΢Ǻ˵
˿̣΢̬ѾƽͣҪӵҩʱ䣬΢˲٣㹻ãҰڵԼ¶ڸʴ֮µʱѾҪаʱ˵Լȷǿ̫ࡣ
ӰסҲԼҵطָ
Ǻӿҩ۾¶˾⣬ֻȻЩɵ΢ֽвϣȴ
΢һ룬ԽҩڵϣȻ˺ʮɡ
һ£Զɣؼ̽û֮ҩһ£֣ʧ١
΢һЦ֮ǰȷţǼˡ
ֻŽӣȴû뵽ӣֻ˼ҩͽ֪Σֺα֮ǰôżϻ
˵û֮ǰľ΢徳Ҳ
ڣ΢ȥ綾΢Ҳȥˡ
ν棬ڣӦɽ˴գֻҪӦϰߣôûκΣա΢򣬵ϥ£ʼת幦
ȻͬˮУ΢ǿҲڲϴǰʱȥ΢ϵĹڣ³ãÿһΣҪ֮ǰǿࡣ
ʱ΢ͷһǰϣǺֻˡ
óƺ̬Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬ӦΪ֮ǰĵҩͼ죬һδ
̰ԣãҺҲԵٸһЩҩΣ΢˵һ䣬ǺƺԣȻվ΢档
΢ȡһЩҩ˺ӣûܣǵҩǶһĸԸԴ첻ֹ
꣬֡
㻹ǰ⵱ɶӳˣ΢Σԣܰ׸ʲô
΢ֻ˵˵ȴû뵽ӵĻȻ֨֨һУһƬԼûӰһֻˣȻǶһ
΢ûпǵȷһ򣬼Ϊӣٰꡣ
ӵ΢ڲ²⣬óӦֻһͨĺӣֻǲ֪ΪΣӦɽĻþʵϣκҲֻƾ豾ܺҰơ
Ҫ˵ʵӱе޶ûӣĵط⣬ǵûӱȡ
Ӵųۣһҩ¨ͲǺԼܰ쵽ˡ


һ 񾳣
˵ʲô
˵ӺܿǱĳȦġ
ǸˡǴһ΢󲻳ʲôܴɽ
Ȼɽطʵϣõĵطһ㣬ط򣬾յĵط
򣬺ܾܿ˵ģ΢ԭҪżֱ΢Ȼõҩߣ΢жвס
Σ΢ֻ򣬲鿴
һ΢Ǵһ
оȻһƬ⹦ֻһȴǿԽ񾳡
΢Ŀɿڴֻʿ֪һƬļֵ˵޼֮棬˷ȡ
û뵽ӾȻΪ˼öҩͽˡ
΢оԼռ˺ӵıˣ΢룬ӵ֪ӽôҪĶ͵᲻ὫӵƤˣ
Ȼô룬΢ȴǺԥѧˡ
񾵵ջ΢̫ˣΪ˵ĺף޳֮󣬿޾ɽط
Ҫġ
ֻҪ޳񾵣ô΢Ϳɽг磬ζţ΢ɽ˵ܿ죬Ϳڡ
һ㣬΢Ҳˣ΢֪Լÿһ죬˽綫ɳͶһΣա
лĻ΢ŹΪѧϰǺӵҲϧ
΢˲ʮͷҪеھķѶʱ䣬Ƭ֮΢з⡣
ʣ΢Ϊ幦ֹȻ赤ҩֻǧѨͿԽ
ʵǸһЩɷ֪˶򱶣˽幦Ҳǲ̫̫ࡣ΢мǰ׹
ԵǧѨѨ
΢ҲֻһЩ˵伮п΢Լûĳ忪˿ôӦһ£ȻԼǧѨѾ١
ϸһ룬΢֪Ϊˡ
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ɽУ΢ҲģΪ˺֮⣬ûбԼҶںӣ΢ѾзӦԡ
ֻҪһ΢͸ҩӱȻ뿪ԲػΣ΢ȥʮ죬΢ǧѨѾ忪˴롣
˿΢Ըʴ֮ĵֿȻȲϺӣҲ޼ˣ΢ѾҪԼڸʴ֮¡
΢ֹͣ˵ҩãҲͣ´Ǳ߻ȡֵֻʴ֮
Ȼʴ֮ڸʴѾǱķǳ΢Լʲôԣնûκ⣬еҩ֧֮ţһ궼ûκ⡣
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΢Կ϶˱˵Ĺô˵Ҫȥݷһ£ȻҪ΢档
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ʲôط΢Խ棬ԷۿȥȴǷԼķ۾Ȼ͸ӵĴ


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΢ڣǳԽڵĴڣ΢ƵķۣɿǳڤӣֻǴ˿̣Ȼһ
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ӳܣֳһ޻ĳȻɽطƣС
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΢ͫһԷĽȥͨͨûʲô˲𣬵ʵϾȻ̺
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΢Լ򽣵ˣܿԷֶΣʣԽ˵ǰ˽ǰʵȴҪ΢һ㡣
΢ûаνԷۿǴʧȣûбҪԵ޹У£ʽԷĽơ
񣬵ܽԷĽƵ߽⣬ǽɱҲʣ޼
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ֳֳΪֵһȻǱ΢⣬˲ɫһ䣬һ̣˾һ߳ŭ
Ȼҿ˵Ǽﹴᣬ͵ȡط־ܡ˿һɱ΢ȴһ㶡
ˣӹȻǴģ˵ǰ˾Ǻӵˣ˼Ѿ֪˺͵顣
΢ЩⲻȥⱾԼ룬ûƵԷת񾳣һץָ죬ȻһѾͽ˵Ľץס
λѣϢŭ˵ط򣿡΢ȡĿ֮һǹ黹
ȻпܾǺӵˣǽǡ
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գҫǣһ̣ǴоͷɳʮӰ
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ҪǣǺ֮ǰǸһƺɽطӰ죬ȻԷС
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΢üͷһ壬Ϊߣôȴ˵çײ죬ʲôûŪҧһ
΢һʼν棬ֵĺӣԲû뵽˵Ĳ
΢ܺЩ˵ҲΪǴ˿̣΢ҲƢһ͵ģҲˣһǹ黹򣬶˵ǸΣǺȻҰѱȴǶ顣
סڣƾʲô˵ģ㣬ﴥʱҪն⽴Ҳӡŭ΢ͬʱѾǶ֣ɱ˹
΢ûçײԸԴˡ
΢ʧȥеȤ
ûһǰ㾳磬ҿǵƢԣ꣬Ҳûá΢˵һ䣬ٺЩ˾ǽһ˲Ŵȥ
΢ǴߵģҪù룬ǾӾȳ
΢޳񾳣˹ؼãǺӵȷԲֻʬƤˣΪ±ն⽴΢ĺΰ
΢Ⱥӡ


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Щ˳־ɱУ΢ҲЩŭ
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Ͳˡ
΢Ѿ񾳣ɽʩչκεƣΪֱӡ
΢һȻǵų߸ߣ̺żǿһŽʩչһз·ٵĽ
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΢ǰ΢ĻӦֻһȭ
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ĹŽ˼״ʱһ
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Σֻ񾳣ΪҲûãԾɡ
ЩŽ˻˵˵꣬׷ʩչ
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Ϊϰˡ
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΢￴ܶӣģ죬һЩҰޣ΢һ·һ޴¯ǰӣ


һ ֮һ
΢һܣԸоͷܷǳҪȺĶ࣬ЩŽҲ޼ˡ
ܵ΢оﲻ񾳣Ҳ޼ǳ忪ǧѨеǧ
һԳΪĳ޵ļһȻȻģǺ̬䡣
΢ЩŽ˿ԽѱʹӸոǼŽԼʱܶͿԿЩŽָӲܡ
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ӱһľήҲȻǳ˲ٿ࣬Ӳûʲô󰭡
ϴǿ΢֮󣬸Ǽޱȡ
ӰӣΪҿǵ˲ˣˣҲԵû㣬Ҳ޳񾳣ͽȳɣҪЩһŪ΢뵽ЩŽˣһЩһ΢Ҳúٽ
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˵꣬΢ִ̧һֻû뵽ľΪ̣΢ĽȻ΢ϸһľӵķǷ֮
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΢ҲǱԷ̬Ūˡ
ЩŽǰҲ̫ˣ֮ǰֱ߸ϣҪ֪΢Ϊ֮Ѿܾû˸ٺ΢˵ϡ
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ⲻò΢衣
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΢ͻȻʵʦʲôʱ
ǼŽ˵µĪǼʦѾǰȥʦˡ

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Դ޳񾳣΢ٶȼ죬ɽ΢ܷɣܵٶȣҲһʮɡ
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΢û˵Ȼ֪˺ܿǴ˵дﵽĴڣôԼʲôҲûãԷе⣬΢ԼܵĻᶼûС
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΢óǰλ˵ȷ൱ˣֻ΢⣬ΪʲôҪԼ磬Ȼǰλ˴ģʵڲ˼顣
ƺ΢ʣһ΢ЦҸ㽲°ɡ


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΢˵ͷλĹ±Ȼף΢ϴ
ܿ죬λ˾ͽ
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ˣ˱ʬ巢ʬ·ϼҰˣֻǻȥ֮󣬲ŷϼ󺵣֮أʬҰѾء
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·˺ͷһ֮£ϣֻǸͷСһˡ
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꣬ˡ
ڣ£̤۷壬ɾ֮ϣǽɱ
ֻǴʱŷӦɱָΣ磬飬ָΣ
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֮ǵͷ¶֮ɫҲˣЩҲ뷽跨һˣǳʱѡɽԵģȵģҲԲ˽ܱģҲˣǵΪߵģҲֻڶѣʵϣΪҪľûĥ¶ľԶ̤
һ㣬΢ǵ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ЩŽ˵ȷΪ֮һǴľҲǲĺܣҲɽطЩ˹˵ı߶޲
ΪԶȲ̳ǰϾҪɽĲΪڣҵˣΨһǣΪûϵԽ̵꣬ǵڶʱͿԽңΪ֮֮Ȼƽ˵ǴһЩ
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΢ܿȻˡ
Ϊ֮Ϊȷ̫ˣߵ΢ĲΣ壬͸Ǹղţ֮һУȻǽɽΪץһѡ
Ϊ˽΢Ҳǿģ磬ɽ΢ȡ֮ɷΧǲˣԵ֮һƿĴڡ
ԷǿŪʲôıƣ΢֪Լ֮ǰǶˡ
΢ʱȷĻԵֻͷһת΢֪Щ±˵ǰͷ


һ 
ǳ֮һ񣬽Ϊ֮뿪˽
ȻԵ΢Ҳû
֮һҲǵ˵ͷԣִҪķ꣬ҲӦôһЩ飬ΪǾΪ㽫鶼ˣɽңʱͲô뿪ˡ
΢ͷ֪ԼһԵҲǴǿʵģ֮ҪʲôԼͬҲûá
ң΢׷ľļ£΢ջ൱ġ
ãȻˣǾͿʼɡ΢˷ʱ䡣
⣡֮Ҳ֮ˣǿʼ΢ǹ۲죬˽⵽΢·֮ſʼָ㡣
ֻǼָ㣬΢ǸоͬǰƿһЩͻƵĵطȻ׾ٵ̤Ҫ֪ڵڣ˺ܿܺľԪҲԿеĺܿҪʮſܽ
еѣֻԼ֪һûоͷ·̣ò׷һɽ֣ǰ滹и࣬ߵĴɽ㣬޾֮·˼
ԭ΢ҲˣȻȱҪ죬ʱҲһһӡ߳
Ǵ˿ָ֮㣬Ǿ̫ˡ
һָ㣬΢ڷԽеĴɽʱķѾΪеɽ뷭еĲҪֻҪƹȥенݾֻʱ䣬΢͸оԼΪо
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֮ͬһһе֪΢ĵ·ΪָԽ
һʱš
ʱ䣬Ҳ΢ҲţϾ֮һԡ
֮⣬΢Ҳ֪˺ӵĹǱҩ¨ȥɽժҩӲժҩĲǸ֮ģǸЩŽã֮ҪòҩֻһץͿԽҪĲҩȫץ
΢ʼõĵҩ֮ƣƵҩ赤¯ҪôΪ¯ҪôΪ¯ֱͨ㣬Ҳ΢רע϶Ҫú֮ѧϰҩ֮
Խ˽֮΢ԽǸоԼǷȱĻ̫̫࣬΢Ϊʦ֮ǰҲֵһᡣ
ִ֮£һжǻ㹴գԶһɽʲôӾʲôӣơʱ֮˵ָָ꣬Զһɽ
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ǴɽȻڱ仯̬ԭ΢ǵʱһͬƵɽ壬Ǵ˿̣ȴ·һȭͷһ̣֮һ㣬Ǿɽ飬һ㣬ָԭ
΢۾Բĳȡ
ΪٸߣҲֻܻɽأ㣬Ȼ仯
΢¶ı飬֮Ҳǵͷ΢Цòײŵȵ΢ôһпִܽԵȻҪöԷִĺôһжص
뵽Լôã֮ԽҪһ£Ѿʼǰֻǻǧ˫Ҳԡ
΢˼죬Ҳ˵һЩȤ£֮ƿ֪̫࣬һЩ֪
Ҵ֮£˵ҴģһͽҳСǧֻ꣬ƣޣȻͽܣȴûִǽˣûκνڵƵҾȥ˭ˣҴĪǺʲôԨԴ֮΢ѯʣ˼㿪˵
΢һȻ
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΢Ͼ֮µ֮һ㶣ָһ㣬̾ϢԭˣҲΪСˣѾ뷲ִƴ㴫֮Ȼܺãܺá
˵꣬û˺΢Ҳͬʡ
ʱܿȥ£΢Ըֶõĵҩ̵֮µʱ䣬Ѿǽ΢ΪƵڵ۷壬ֻһڡ
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ﻹһ򴺵£Ӧ̿ͻƣ֮ʱ˵Ȼ΢ٶҲ൱⡣
΢ȴһЦҡͷҪˡ
˵ǣһɽڣɣ


һǧİʮ 
ڣ˽磬ȵ֮΢ɾڣѹ۷壬˵˽Ѿ޵еĴڡ
ڣ΢ڿԷ˽磬֮ǰûн⡣
˵΢ĳȣ֮Ҳһ⣺ʼΪټ֮ߣȵһҪǿϼִ֣ҷġ
Ϊ֮ദ£΢˵Ҳ֮ǰôС˿ҲЦִôģ꾡Ѱҽߣ
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΢ˣģ΢ȴȤ󣬲ֻ֪вִ
ԼھԶ
ûǧ꣬꣬á
ûϵ΢һĿ꣬΢뷨ӴĿ꣬ۻѶáڴ֮ǰ˽飬΢ȫꡣ
΢ǣ磬Ȼûгڳ֣ǿ΢Ĳ죬֮ЦطҲٿأʲôģҲ赣ǡ
΢ͷȻ֮ºԼ˵
ڲڣҪ̿Ҳ̵ܾ㣬ϾҪάתν̵ѾǼޣҪԼɽҴһԽһ˿ֻһ˿Ҳ㹻ˣǽԽʱɽ˵ţһץץһơ
Ʋ֪ʲôƣһľۺ壬ȥ൱ϣ΢оһϢϢͷ·һƣԺ
ǰһķķ¶ֵһᣬֽӹ̺ܵķ֮΢Ȼһ޵еĸо
ƣɴ򿪴󲿷ͨԺȥɣڴ˵㣬ʲôʱ㵽ʲôʱҡ֮˵꣬һҪ뿪
΢ʱͻȻһ£æһһ¡
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΢ԼҲʱѡ˸Σ
֮һЦУ죬ȥ룬㿴Űɡ
˵꣬һѾʧ٣·صУ΢˲ʧȥ˶ԷϢ΢ȴܸоԼһһӲ֮ļӡ
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΢ƬϤеƣѾϤã˵ֻҪԸ⣬Ϳ뿪硣
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˿ڴϢǵΪ֮ǰоõĴ󲿷ֶȻǴ΢ʱ΢
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Ȫ˶û˵ͬһġ
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ȣ˵ڴ˵ȺǾҪȣҲŹȥ£͵ȲˣȪʱ˵űġ
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ʱһӰ˲併٣΢
ʲôˣ
˶Ǹ֣˿ӦһȻʩչŲֻ֣֮Ǵ˴磬κ˶ͻطʩչŲ֮˵ŲƣҲ


һߩ ͣѩ
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ԣǿ˾ȻŲƣһ¶ˡ
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Ӧ죬ǹ񣬱ֳޱȵֻ̬𾪼ֱ췭ظ磬νǼΪϤԹһзΥط򣬵⣬ȫʧˡ
ʮֿ϶۷壬޷кŲơ
΢ȻԣҶԷܴӽصɽƽ𺳿ж
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֪ΪʱͻȻ֣΢ɢģȻڵϢ
ͷһͬըбը޷˼޷侲
Ҫ֪ʼ΢ʱ򣬶Էֻڣ˵Է֮ǰۺԽڣҲܽܣô˵΢Ҳ֮ǰոսڣôôٴν
Բܡ
ʵǰǰҲûãֻ˵΢ĵ̣뵽ģ˿̹ޱȡ
ҲǷӦæͬһ𾪣΢ɨһˣǵΪнҲǵ˵ͷ
ǵǹȻûʧ߰ɣʥǡ΢ʱ˵ȻкޱȣʱҲҶʣæ׼
΢ǻ㲽УһЦȴǴһ㽫ȫһŲѾǻصʥǡ
ʥ֮ڵڶֻеӰƾճ֣һɵˣ˿̱΢һ´ͬǻĿ¶š
ָо壬ԭչֻܴϳĽ˧ȻǷӳɱķһĵͲš
Ƿǰ飬ɲǲš
΢һȦһɨ㿴ʥǵ˵ж٣쾳ֻжʮλĶ硣
һԭ粢ʲô˵ŵ˽磬һɿԺɨµǿ
΢˷ѣϾλȥҪԵĵǼΪǵȻǺ¡
⣬΢֪֮ѾѡԼô˵ĻͲˣȻˣҲûбҪ
Լ뿪ǳ綼¡
΢һᣬȻ֮⣬΢һҪ
ʥǺ
΢һڣ쳹˶ԣڶ𾪵ͬʱ΢ѾǻһŹӰʧ١
ŲƣŲ֮
ɣ粻޷ŲƺͷУôģ
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Ȼû֪Ŀ⿴΢һŲƻĸˣֻȻҲһ±ơ
΢ٳ֣Ѿǵǧѩء
ЩĳԷƷˣ΢Ҳһȥ
ǣ΢Կ϶ʮ꣬ǧѩ͵塣
˿΢ƯǧѩϿգǷ缾ڵķ缾Ѿ˿в΢΢ֻҪԸ⣬Ϳ̽缾
һɨ΢ǧѩ˱֮ǰˣǶı棬Ȼڶܷ缾
һ̣΢ѾŲƽȥ
ոһͺԶѾǳɵľ޴ڵͺ𣬷棬ȵ˭һ㶣󷢳һĻһѾǵ΢ǰԴȥ
ӣŶ೤ʱ䣬ͳôˣ΢ǣҲһЦݣ΢⵱նɱӵĸףӾͽԼ֮ˣټȻǸдĶࡣ
Զֳָʽǧѩ˴˿Ҳϳ΢һΧ˵
ˣ˴Ǿ֮أһȥʥǣȻһ뿪磬˽綨ӡ΢͡
ʱǧѩĴ߹һ棺֮ǰȥĶˣڲܳȥεķ缾֮ǰ̫Σˡ
΢һЦɷ˵ͽⱤݵĴŴ򿪣ǧѩһֻѩ죬ֻһ̣΢ڵͣѩ
һԳ編ء
˲䣬ŵķѩȻͣˡ
ǧѩ嶼ɵˣеĸ۾ΪԼΡֱĳȥŷһġ
ٿ΢ͬһ㡣
ߣ΢ɷ˵еǧѩһ߳˱ݣʥǻо룬΢ʩչŲ֮
Ų֮һŲˣǧѩŲƹȥȻڻ¡


һǧİʮһ ˭
Ų֮ʩչǧѩֻоǰâһٿѾǵһ̻Ի͵ĳǳ֮ڡ
棬Ȼһѡ
ʱĶͣЪĿ籩ѩٶϮ΢һҲ޿κΣֶҲֻܶݵĸıط򣬷Ҫ뿪磬ֻҪطı䣬Ǹã
ףΣء
ǧѩˣȷҪǴ˽磬½һԸ΢һۣǧѩһʵʵϾǴûм飬ӹûлع
ʥǵҲһ飬Ȼϵã΢ʩչǴŲͬǱѹƣʩչģƫƫ΢ʩչˡ
ȻҲд˴˿Ѿ׹֪΢϶ǲ֪ôӵ˿طǲܷӰ죬ôԭޱȵ΢ڸ޵еĴڡ
ߣѾ΢Ϊﵽڣֻвźη壬תһ룬Ĵ쵼ʥǣҲǵĸ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽΢˵飬ǽ˶Դһը
΢Ҳû˵ֻǽҪ˽磬˭Ը뿪Դߡ
Ҫع˽磬˭ߣ
΢ɨˣǧѩϵҽȫǨƣ뿪ǿ塣
ǧѩͽ΢鿴һ֮£֪˽粻ֲ˿ܾ
ȫ˰šǧѩѹ˵;ˡӸǶ΢ǰһ׷ģ
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΢˵ֿ꣬ڶˣЩ˾Ͳǧѩˣǵĳ΢Ķ⣬Ƕ΢Ρ
΢ڿط򣬵ǲš
΢ǵʱеǰһʾԸ׷棬еһҲӦȻд㡣
ˣԸ΢뿪Ҳв٣棬ȻǰȪĵˡ
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ڿµףȻ΢뿪ôӴԺ΢µһһֱᱻ΢ѹ̧ͷ
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ֻҪ΢뿪ɿԳư磬ʥǿԶݽɽģֻҪһƱ˵뷨Ӽɽѹôǻȥһɽȡô
һᣬҪ˶꣬ΪͿԽ۷壬һ̽
뵽Ǵ⡣
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΢һȦȻǿı飬΢ûжʣֻ˵һ䣺˭ߣ
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ʥڣһȵıӻôɿԿΪ
֮ʮ쾳ˣԸ΢뿪ģʮλѾǲˣ΢һЦǱķҲǾ֮Ը뿪ҲֻǴЩֵôߵˣȥ׳ɳ
ЩĻˣ΢Ҳš
˵ڶ䣬΢Ҳö˵νһնһſ
˲䣬лһѿڡ
ѿǱߣȻ˽硣
һĻ˶ĿɿڴЩ΢ĵˣ֮ɫ
ǲԸ΢̶ܴΪѹ΢Դ뿪Ǵ˿̣ʵǵ΢һĽڣǴͨһ˽ͨ
Щ֮ǰѡ΢Ȼһ΢ҲʵܲĿֲ˿̼΢ܴͨǻȸԾĲѣһЩΪ֮˿Ҳң˽磬ۿʪ
ǵУ˽ٶϣеѾʮûлص˽磬ȻǸд
߰ɡ΢ǧѩУӴͷǰ棬ЩԸ΢뿪ˣ쾳ʮλ⣬ЩԭʥǵҲǴ󲿷Ը΢뿪
ȵߵĶˣЩµ˵˺ˡ


һ߶ Ҳû
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ʵϣЩѡµѾǻڲ֪΢ĿԴͨ˽ͨǾʱȫҲҪ΢ֻһʼûţΪǿǲеĲܡ
Щ׼ͨˣ˿ӿһĪԽС
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һǾʹຣһǼڿຣ١
ЩѡµǴ˿̰Ͳסˣ֪΢ǿǲǶ֣˿޷
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ȻҲһЩȴȥ΢ͨҲֻһֱΪūΪ͡
ܽܵġ
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΢Ҫͨ׼һʱ΢ͻȻŤͷһǸЦˣмˣλڸطʥǣҪߡ
˵꣬ɫˣ΢һ֣Ȼǽټʥȡ֮ͨͨȻرգָ糣
ˣͷĿѣ֮󱻿籩ѩͷת򣬿Χ֮һĿɿڴ
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΢Ȼʥǣôܴʥǣ㲻˵ʥѾٱȡ
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ڰڰ
ǰʵ΢ǻǺܲģûиϾɱȻȡʥǣڽɨʱǽɨһѨУҲ˵ǿԶȻûʥǵʱ̹
˿зŭ㣬˰겻ѣǺȳұ죬ûʥҲûʲôɿԶܷ缾
ڻãһڣǱǼŭӡ
㣬͵͵ңҲѡ£ҺڰĻ
Ϊ㣬Ǳ磬ӻ֮ضûˣʲôûˣ㣬ҲҪ汳
Щ˵ȷŭˣһҪƴһ㣬ҲͷƤ飬ĴӮҲǲʤĶ֣ѨȻᱻݻ٣һԼζȹ缾
Щ˶ɱˣԺҲһ˾ʲôˣ
ʱֻѡȰȴǽ΢ˣʱҲǺڣ֪΢뿪ãȥ֮Ҳһ֮֮ϣܺùʥǶûУԺô죿
޲óԺҩһߣ˽һɽУ˴һռͨ߳лһͷ޴ǡ
˵˽磿Ȼûз磬Ҳûѩ䡣ǧѩʱһ̾Ǵӳʼ統УŶӵĻ˽ﻨĵطһʱ֮䣬ǴдżͲš
ǣЩԭ˽ˣʱ꣬ʮ»ص˽磬ȻǸд࣬еĸۿʪ
еſڵϣץ˿˽ķҷ
е˿ϵɫ
ֱһ̣ǲȷǻص˽硣
΢Ӱ֣ռѷպϡ
˴ûڶǹذݵǧѩҲһȻǵһ˽磬ǧѩŮټ˲ϲµ磬Ѿʼûз缾ûвпỷ
΢ͷǵ飬΢Ȼ˽⣬Щ˽Ϊɳм
˿΢ſ֪֮Ŀǰڣֻһ̣΢͵˶ɳܿ죬΢ϱɱ


һǧİʮ ʲôѹһ
΢ѾԽ˽綼ڣһɨͿ˶֮رһ޴󷨻ţ棬ַҪƿ
ǼֵУͷĺȻǾߡ
ڶ֮ڣά󷨵ֻߣ˿ɫ԰ףȻѾǼֲ˶á
һƣǲֵܵסǼֵģֻ΢Ҳܺ棬⾻߾ǴЩ֣ΪЩֲ֮
Σ΢˿һŭһӴ䣬ʩչŲ˲Ųƻض֮أ
˿άĲߣˣֻǴ˿̴ҶǷݽߣΪ̣ҧӲţеѪеѾʹȥ
ȻڶֻǸάִƵߡ
ڵˣΪߣ纣֮һ֮ǰѾơ
Ϊάִöһ¡
ڣҲסˡ
ڣĵ˿ɲֹһ쾳Ѿڵˣ˿̾ģλ쾳֣Ȼֻڣ쾳磬ֻάִ󣬶Եֵ̫á
⣬Ϻޱ飬·һߣ͸ȴһּͲм
˵Ǻοࣿⶫ֮ʲôϵֵ˾Ľػ㣬ƴȫάִһ£վû˰ɣӦ֪ȣΪ˶Ըǣһʱ׼캣ļλ˵΢쾳ҲǶ֣ȻˣβģߴЦ˵ȻǿΪ̣׶󼴽ƿԿڴԷġ
ߴ˿ѪȴǺ޾ɫ
㻹ôɣҶٺϻб¾ƴһڷϻͱ˵ˡߵ۾ȴһ뷨
һʱ䣬Ϊڴ֮ǰӦԼϺǩԼ֮Ȼʧˡ
ֻ˵΢дչܿͿԳ
ΪˣΪ΢Σ߲Żƴţϣŵ΢ȻҲֿԻֻһɣΨһѡ
ûԼ֮ززû
ȻӦ΢ҪػǾһҪ˵֪ԼԼ֮Ȼ΢Ըֶ飬ңԷ쾳ҲӲߡ
Ȼڤ粻飬ǾݹҲˣҺ䣬Ҵ򣬽ƿνɳҽҪЦֹĸҲǼӴһʱ֮䣬ݴضڲˡˣ֮ϣָŵ˵ĸһɾȫɾĸ֣ʱҲɲʲôó
Ϊ쾳
һƣͿ̿Ѿɫ԰ףŬάִһɾ˿̱˵Ҳһ󲿷άִ˶Ѿߣ˵Ϊάִ˶Ͷ뵽۵Уˣ⿿һˣܼһ£
Ѿ޺ˣԱߵȫɾҲ˵Ȼ˶ѾƴȫֻԵĵ̫ǿֻǾ
ʱ֮ϣ쾳ֵĹƸͣÿһᱬͺ𶯡
һ̣ػݵĴ֮ϣѷ졣
ͬʱǧѪʣԭһڶˣҲǿѪήҲ
ȻϾҪƿһƿûκζ赲쾳Ϯ
һ̣ˣˡˡˣûп־塣
ɵۣΪǸġ
֪˭˵һ䣬һ仰쳹֮󣬾Ȼ쳹ʣ˾ߵ˵Ķ
ɵۣʲôƨɵۣͷڹһ¶ͷңͷʲô𣿡һ׳쾳֮ϹЦ
΢֮Ҳ˵Ϊжû뵽ʵˣϳܶ㵽ʱһڵҲǿЦ
ĸˣ캣ǿˣܾ֮Χ˶֮أǿĸڵľߣܵУ쾳Ժɨһˡ
ǼΪţ˵캣˱ײУĸʹãһƴ󣬾ͽɱ
ƣһ캣ЦһɾȭһȭڴϣƸ࣬̾Ҫ顣


һ ʲôѹ
Ȼޱ飬ȴ͸ЦƺʤȯաʵҲˣһ˾ѹ˵Ϊ˱λ˵ԸһɳǶԸ˵Ҳǲڻ¡
΢ұҪ֪ʲô߸߸ϣóֻ֣ĸ캣ڸֶ֡
ΪûбҪ
ͬʱڶ֮أڣ΢ĴŲڵ
ڣֻɳļλ߲ڳ˿̿ͻȻˣһĿɿڴ֪ʲô顣
ɳ˸ٴУΪǾߵɱ˽
˿һɾȫɾɫأߣֻǶѾݽߣ˿̾Ȼ޷
һɾȫɾϸһȻһͷ޴ޱȵǡ
ϵϢֱ졣
֮˶ǵһԴҲ졣
ʲôޣȻһѵҲǾģ
ˣ벻˽һޣô򣿡
ߣһҲͷƤ飬ֻһ̣һ㶣ΪͻȻоʲôطǡ
ԣǧѩǣ߷Ӧһ̣˼Ϥס
˲䣬ͫһ
ǡ
߼ˣŵվʧ֣Ĵ磡
һڣǱ߱΢ŲŲƹͱҲһ㶣ҲһϲĿ
û
Ȼ˫ʶģҹϵ΢Ҳһ㶣Ҳû뵽߾Ȼ졣
ɵۣ
ʱ˿΢˶ΣΣʱ̣΢ˣԭɳ˻ΪǱɣʱȴǲˡ
Σ΢һ̸ϻҲ޺ˡ
֣ڻˡ߿΢Ҳ˿Ӧ΢ƴػ˿΢һֱҲǷɣȻڵˡ
л΢߱ȭһĸмߣǶԷƴŴ΢óԷͽΪƽˡ
óΧ˶л˵΢֪ڲ˵ʱ
λ԰꣬ӭС΢Ҫǰķŭʱϻ롣
ʱǱȪǰĪҵҵȳ֮ʱҾô飬ҲԳ֣ҵȾԽѹ
ȪΪŮ֮ҲˣһͬСɡ
΢һȪԼʮλ쾳˶һȻҪᱨԼ
̧ͷٿ΢˾֮⣬ĸڣҺһ㣬ڡ
Ǿڣ΢Ҳһ֮С
Լ֣ȷǴСá
΢˰֣Ȫ˵˹һЦʮǿ쾳˺Х𣬳񷡣
˾֮ϴľ
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˭ȱ֣лú˵
Ҫ
ǲҽ֪ϾߣԷҲ쾳΢ģʮλλѾڡ
һԷǶ֣
ԣǺʵѹֻƬʱ䣬֮ϣԷϢʧȻô̵ʱѾ쾳˱նɱ
ڶ˿ĿɿڴǶ֮⣬ҲڹעһֲĴս
ԭߴ캣˹ɳʱ˶Ϊ군ˣ΢군ˣϾǿ쾳˵ɳ˵ҲԺɨˣ˽磬쾳ҲԺɨһСʵϣ߻ôģڵĻǧѷ֮꣬չزĵҲʧ٣ԾΪھǾѵŻᣬ̲һ˵
ɳһҪĵط
ãԴҲ벻΢˻Ǵʮ쾳˻
֮ϣĿɿڴûӦ߾ͱˡҵ캣˸֣¾ͱնɱҪ֪쾳ĸ֣Դʮľ棬ȻƬ̾
߻Ρ
һɱ˹ɱȥֻΪȻ޷ѹƶԷʱſԷҲһڵˡ
ͬģ
ô߻֮䣬һ캣˱նɱ
ʱ򣬾߲׹֪ȥϣҲ
ʱҲ˲ʣµһ캣ˣԼʩչطû֮زز


һǧİʮ ־
ܣе΢Ȼûвսȴʱ̹עܣ΢̧һָ
ȻԶ΢һָȴǻصģ߳һ캣ӣӶ뵽һռѷҪߣʱ΢һָˡ
һ˲ϮΧĿž죬·ѿһ㣬ƣһ֮£ߵȻ˲䱻ȫͨߡ
ã
ߺëֱͷϵ亹ųˣ֪ߣһ͵
֮䣬߱еĵ̣ϽƴѪҪһֽơ
߲ϧΪֻߡ
˲䣬Ѿֻͨʣۣʱ΢ָˣһըͲҽߵֱӱ飬Ѫ
ͬʱ߲ҽͨʧ١
棬΢ҡͷˣ⾻ߵҲǾ֮ڵˣЩ̵ġ
΢ȻЩʧղһָǱɱ߶ȥģȻûжȫ΢ţһָԽɱ
Ҳ޷ȻߣƣԷطۣҲܴﵽ֮ǰĳ̶ȣΪ޷ġ
´ټͬ߾ûпߡ
ܿ죬һ캣Ҳɱ΢ʮһ𣬿˵ǳ׵ѹȫʤ
ȵʮ£վ΢ǰݼɳѾĳȡ
ԭǱɣ쾳֣֮ûУھȻϮȥȫʤּ֪ж
ɵ㣬ɳ𣡡
ڶˡ˿ʼźļЩ˺ˣҲǼԿơ
ʱ΢Ѿڣڶ˺˵İݼ
뿪⼸Ҳרŵɹǰ΢˵ͷȻ⼸궫ɳԼʱķԸǵ͵£һ˺ڣежҲóȻǰҲǷƽ˾ξϮҲûб顣
Ϣȴɣ˵֮ͻƣӵżء
Ҳй˵ϢǱһ֮أҲҪ
ЩϢкܶ࣬٣ڵ΢˵νˡ
ڣ˭΢ԺѹĽôˡ
ʱĸݼɵۣ˷佫лˣѵ˶Ϊɳ۸ÿɽ׳ɳƣĻϲ֮˲ɳ֮
΢ͷ¾Ǳ˲˵Ҳ
߼ȻǾҪе
΢֪ԼǷһ飬ȻߵԸǴȡԼԲ롣
ҷ־ˡˣȪˣߣΪȷ棬ȥҪնߣ
΢һ֮ǰߴ˿Ҳ鼤ΪԸȷǴҪҪȡ
ǰǻ㾡Ҳδܳ£Ϊ߲Ǽ֮ڣ΢֧֣˵һߣҲûá
˲֪߱˭ڵ΢ڵĶɳѾ޵֮ƣҪ֪΢ɳʮλ쾳ˣһ㣬ѹһС
ҪǣѾӱġ֪΢飬΢Ȼɽ֮ԲطԼ飬߾֪΢ɽдԵ΢һˣѹһС
΢֧֣
΢ķּϵģ֮£ɳǴػ󣬸ţġȪĴ쾳ҲǴڶˣɱء
΢ûȥѾˣ΢϶Էһؾ϶Ƕ֮Ǵȥκ谭ȻԽ¡
ھߣ΢ҲģԷΪȻ䣬˳ԷͰˣҳ΢һоͿԽɱ
ڣ΢Ҫ
һ̽ǣ΢Ҫ뻭ԹǸȥˡ
΢Ҳ֪Լں۷廹ûв࣬˵ڵ飬ǲԼĶ֡
Դ΢ʮ㣬˵ΪѾڣԻ۷壬˵ﻹֶһ֮£ɺط򣬾۷Ҳһ㡣


һ ı
ַ΢ʩչŲ˵ҹɽ
Щ꣬ΪɳҹɽҲǵ͵̫࣬ʼĬĬ
£дԣ֮ҪˣҺܿѾ
ҹɽĵ˶ʮ˷ܡ
˿ҹɽһ۵С΢һ¥вʱѾ̫Ϣİ汾
ν޷粻ˣµȷҪ飬Ҫǵȷ鷳΢ֻҪĿԺС˵ǲܡ
֮˵ҪҪʡԵľȱһɣ֮Ϊ˽ѵʱ䣬ѵľᲢ۵ġ
ң֮ǰҲΪԸܿȻпǴż
۷˵ǰһСż
СһСܿȥʵԻ۷̫࣬΢Ȼֻڣʵϣڽ飬ѾǴżԣ΢ڵʵ֡
Ҳﵽֵزǵȷ鷳Ϊˣ΢Żһʱҹɽ̽ΪģΪĵˡ
ҹɽС΢ټˣҪȥڵļ֮ȥʡ
¥һ㱣ǰһֱȾƵ˾ʧ٣¥˶һ㶣ΪԼۻ
һ̣΢Ѿҹɽ֮ϡ
΢ϤϾڵ΢ʮ꣬ĺܶ΢Ϥ
һɨ΢Ϳƫ֮ڣһˡ
ڵΪ˿ƫ΢֮ǴЦһѾŲ˽ȥ
΢Ϊռ䣬¾ôȥҲöԷ˿
˿̣΢룬˺ھ۾ķһΪӵ鼮
΢ϵãҺ죬ԷΪʱεҹɽܹܡ
ܹܵΪڣҲ㹻ˣԷȨƼѾڵԲʸסƫС
ֻ΢ոսһ㶡
ע⵽λܹĹżʮ⣬Ȼ̺һ˿΢оΣյϢ
ƺ֮
ʲô΢ϢĿ̽ͷһ㿴ǹżдС֣żֽűƣһĶԼ֮䣬΢ᵽһ˿Ѫζ
Ƥ΢üͷһ壬ֲǶԾ治ǴѪһ֮
΢վڶԷ濴żǴܹܿһҳ΢ͿһҳȻλܹڲż
ֻĲȵ΢λܹڤ˼ʱ΢Ѿǽס
֮΢ֻоľ
һּΪǿ֮˥֮ʩչɱ۷ˣǸ޷赲ͻıɱֻ֮ҪʮʩչҪƤʩչ
Щ˵Ķ
΢о棬ҹɽĴܹôԶԷŪֶ
ʱ΢оΪǿѹף쾳ǰ
΢֮ƭˣҪȫ쾳ȴЩѶȡ
˵Ǽ쾳
ֻô쾳΢֪Ȼ飬ΪǼ쾳Ϣ΢ȻϤ
΢ûߣֻڣõѡ뿪΢Ҫ
ȡ΢ֻϢһ˲쾳ڳҲԷֲˣΪ˿̵΢ѾǺطΪһ壬ǲˣԲܲ΢Ĵڡ
΢ողغã쾳˾ͳƫС
Ȼ֮ǰ΢Ѿ⼸쾳˵Ϣļ΢һš
⼸ˣȻ֮顢֮ڡʥ֮֮ӣԼߡ
΢ȷû뵽ѾӻԹҪǣǾȻסûȥԸɳĻǵıʲô
ҹɽܹһ⼸˽٣Ǹæӭӡ
ݼλ֮
鱳֣ͷأ
ȥͨϾ͵߹˵ʩչ鷨ȼϵһյ͵ơ
Ƭ߽֮һˣ΢һ㿴ǵ֮һ
ԷϵĵϢΪŨң΢ϴ


һ 
ʱ΢֪ܲЩııңܾܿΪ˶ԸԼ
ߵ˵ǻԹģʲôʱģ
΢ʱƾ۷ҲֲԼ΢ʱֳһ˿̽磬һ̽ŷֻ֮ڵԹȷû˵Ϣ
ȻǱ΢ԤҪǰ
ֻ΢ǣ˳֮ȻûȥԼĻʵЩ⡣
ϣ΢ϸһ֪ôˡ
ȻԼʱǡôӦǺʱ࣬Ҳ˵ûȥԼ鷳߾ѾȥˣǴܶӡ
Ҳֻôһͣ˱Ȼǰȥ֮Բȥ϶Ǽɵ
΢Ǻ棬ǾҪʲôһǴˣ˽磬ǳԼ֮⣬û˭˶Դˡ
һ΢Ҫıʲô
֮ķ֮΢ܸоϴԼնɱǸҪǿһЩ
ʣʵˣͺʹ˵һĴżˡ
λˡ˵ķ֣Ҳֻ̧
Աһʱ΢ȣ˵ӣУ
һЦһӹɣ˥֮λҲӦÿóİԵ΢ǿߵ쾳ٶ࣬ҲԵֵס䷨ֻҪ΢һߵЩ˾ͻ߽⡣
ʱԱߵɻ˵Ҳ֣΢ôģ˵Ϊô죬Ȼҵô쾳ʵǲ˼顣
˵ͬʱǿߣȻһЩǾߴġ
˿̵ľ߾ͺ΢ԤϵңĶϱȻ˳Ȼ޷λᲢۣΪҲǴȻڣѾڡ
ֻޱ飬Ծʵ΢Ϊ֮ߣһָͽˣ⻹Ҫģֲǣ֪ʲôط˰֣֮࣬ʮλ
˵߶˶٣ûʮλ쾳֣вںڵˣһΪǿᡣ
ȻѾǵһ˿̣ˣ飬ķ𾪺Ͳ֮ɫ
Ȼ΢ͶɳķչѾǳǵ֪ʮ쾳¶ֻڣҲԳΪ˽ǿˡ
΢ʲôʺˣȻô֣ʵڲ˼顣˴˿ɫȻʮջ𣬴˿΢ĺ޸ǿҡ
ڵǣô쾳˵ġ֮Ӵ˿Ҳǳʵ
֮䣬֮ǰìܣأͬڶˣԭǻɱƣڣһеìܶǰӣΨһĵˣ΢
֪΢оȻںҹ£ȥ΢΢Ҳǡ
Ϊԭһ
΢ȥ硣ʱ˵͸һ
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磿ֲãֲ΢Ϊô죬ԭȥ磬ȫˡԱҲ𾪵
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ʵ仰еˣڣ϶Ǳḻ󲿷ֶǼɵУ־塣
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һЩڡ˵ǰ
֣쾳ǿĴڣ˫Щ쾳ˣĸԸ΢£벻ͨ벻ͨʱҲһɻ󣬺ԣڵ΢ʮ쾳£˵˽Ѿ˲֮أûκܺ
ǶһҲԶԶġ
΢Ѿĸ󻼣뾡ȥΪǲȥԸҲǵ鷳
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ԣǲҪ˥֮΢նɱ΢һ쾳ҲΪһٺģǵֱɽ⿪ʱ˵ǻȡһԶ˵ĶУǽΪ벽Ϥ˥֮ұͿɳأʱɱ΢ɳ


һ߰ Ǿͽƾͼ
ɱ΢ɳ
΢֮Ҳɫһ䣬ò˵ԼԵɺҵıǻ֪ԼѾˡ
ҶԷõ˥ֿ֮вԼǵóѣ΢붼ú󱳷
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ʱ΢Ҳע⵽ǰģʵ϶Ǳ壬ǵı岻֪ʲôطǰĶһͶӰ
ټҲڣ΢Ҫ֣ҲھͶ
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ڣҪ߾סɳע΢ɳϾעֻҪͿɡ
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ֻȻԷʮֻֽ棬ҲֻͶӰͷȴز
ܳΪ˽ļȻҲһЩֶεģ΢Ҳ̽Ǳڡ
Щ֪Ĵ򲻹Ҫ£Ūıƣ鷳ġ
΢ǰϤǾͺðˡ
ƻ˥֮΢óܹ굱ѾµԼܹܻɱǿƣȻ֪ǾǴݾߡ
Դܹ΢΢ķӡ
˿΢о˥֮Ƭ֮Ѿ˳ɹͼ΢ȡʦʣͿĹ΢ҪɫԲ޸֣˵£޸֮˥֮Ͳԭˡ
ڱʲô΢ǽת̯ʩ֮ˣʱǵıںδԨ޾΢ܽ侾
ڴܹܻ᲻ῴ΢ӦòᣬԷȻӴûãڲУֻǸеٲ֣ܹܾԿ
ҾԣܹҲӦòͱȥ
Ϊĺ֮ҪжܹܾԲɵʱ˵⣬ǻļƻ
Ҫǣ΢޸֮ӦøԴֻܹ֦ܲЩط⣬Ҳȷϣ΢Դܹܵ˽⣬ԷȻһԣû֡
޸֮΢ڶԷļƻаҪһ֮⣬΢Ҫľ뷨ӡϡԷεնжԷı壬¶š
֮΢˥֮ŵܹɲܹ֮Ҳֻ΢΢һֻǺܿҡҡͷȻûз
΢ִƬ̣һֱ۲ܹܵı飬˥֮ʱȻüͷһ壬ȻǷʲôطԡ
ֻǾʲôطԣλܹҲûпϾ΢޸ǼΪģ֮ǰרŽÿһֶסֻʲôطԣ˵Ȼˡ
ͺ΢ԤϵһܹԥƬ̣ǼѹûҪȥϱ˼΢ˡ
ʱԼǵļƻǱ嶼΢ֱӶ֣һ򾡣Ǳ岻ʩչԼĹ˥֮ʱʮ˳һҲǴܹΪ߽Ĺؼʱɣ˲䣬΢Է˵λãֻҪԷ֮¶ڵ΢ûʲôû˭ΪС
۷鲻Уν벽ҲͬС
΢һѾ뿪ƫ뿪ʱ΢طӳһʶܹܡ
ûκ궼ӹ˵ڣ΢޼ɵʩչò˵֣΢Ѿ޵¡


һ߾ 
ȥ֮΢עַ飬ȻչĲ˳ķǰδеǿҡ
ȻԷ淴ǾԲܵסߵ˵ĹɱԷɾͱڣȻǽܶ߰ھеץвͬʱв·Ԯ֧ԮΪˣŻù¡
ߵϢ
Ϣܿͱ֤ʵˣߵܵһΧѾԷúõĴС
΢֪Щ˵ƣ顢ڡӻоߣ쾳Ҷ֮Ͽ֪жȥ־ģҲֻǱġȪˣĶȻǻ·硣
ʣԷĿľΪԼǰȥʵϣ΢ͶϤԷƣҲ϶ǰȥԮ
ڣ΢ɻȥΪͬҲ΢ļмƣһҲˡ
΢Գνƺƴ󣬴λ쾳ˣǧѹ󣬴ƺƵԾ񷣬
ƣ˽綼ˣ˵˲֪˸֪ܲͬʱ΢ҲڼҹɽܹܵĶ΢µѾ˴ܹܵϣһʱʱ̿˽Է١
ڲ֮ǰܹȥһطһɼΪǿ˺ƿռ併˽磬һϢȻǽ΢ֱ顣
겢Ǳ֣ǳܲסǸϢѹ֮˵Ǹط֮ڣеȣᱻһ顣
걻˲䣬΢һĻ
һ˺ƿռ䣬˽ĳˣ΢һ۾ͿϳԷǵ֮
ʣˡ
΢Ҳ൱ģ˽еﵽ۷ˣ΢Σճ̶ȱߡ
Ϊ˳չʮ֮꣬ǰԼնɱӦܵش˭뵽̶̼꣬Ϊ˷ȷ൱˲
һҪǿ̫࣬Ϊ⼸겢ûʲô
걻ɲǣ΢ҲӦһ˿ϢԷΪȻѾԽһ۷壬ɲ΢ԶͶ쾳˵ѾվĴڡ
֮ǰĴԲǿѨ磬пųķĿȻΪԼɵ
ڵȷһ鷳ûڵ΢Ӧǰ
Ҳҿ΢ѡΪڸкĿԣڣԸҲԲа
ǰ벽۷壬ڵҲںڣһ΢ԼƲرԡһҪֳһʤǲݵ΢ڣͬ΢ҲܷŹǡ
ʤڽա΢Ŀͨǵ̣΢ҲԼĵƣһ΢гġ
΢ûде쾳ˣҲΪ˷ֹ˹ǽȥ͵Ϯɳˣ΢ԼŵģߵˣҲʮ쾳ˣϣռơ
Ϊ˥֮Ѿ΢޸ģ˵ն׼ƻԲܳɹ΢ǣνЩһ򾡣ΪǷһˣҲԻΪ
΢ϲȻҪȻȥɽִ֮Ժı
ɳУвʵ⣬˶ѣһǵԪ궼΢֮ɳЩѶ䣬Ҳ޳ˣɾ೤Ԫ
΢֪ԼȻȵԼ뿪ʱȻܸɳκŻ΢ˣĻˡ
˾أ΢ͨ죬һۿͿǰȻһ΢ΪȣȻͬСɣǿס쾳˵Ĵ󣬶̫ѪԹȻ
뵽һ·ټˣ΢Ҳ˵ֶθеľҪάѪǵˣǵѪ⣬ǵеķƬƴ
Ϊ˶ԸԼԷ˵Ѫ
ߵ˱УԷֻǲҪߵˣ΢֪ڻԼһͻ̷ͻϮ
ʱ΢ӦͬʱΧĿռͻȻƬƬݣ˲ʮģӰ


һİ˩ ˥֮
ˣΧĿռݣ΢ͷһ֪˵͵ϮڵˡҶԷʩչģȻ˥֮
΢ҲоҪʮʩҶʩ֮˵ΪҲҪʿҪˣ쾳ˣΪˣ˲Żѡɿҹɽܹʩչ
˿ΧĿռһһͻϮԶʱΧˡ
ʮӰ֮󣬸˲䣬ɡ
ȻǷ˼˥֮ԲŻ֮󣬴ʮϸԸֳһ顣
Щ˥֮ĸ죬޵С
һЩϣ̾ͻᱻԪֲʮȫ壬ô۶ԷΪжߣҲǱɡ
鷳ǣЩһͲܱǿеûܻǡ
˥֮Ϊµһ㡣
˵ǶԱʩߣʩҲͬŷգΪһСľпܱ鷴ɡ
ʱ֪
ٷ˥֮Ǳɱ֮Ȼ鷳зգһʩչԷҲԵֵ
Ը΢ǽ΢һĴУǲɷѿĵ˥֮Ҫ΢˲ɱ
˿һɢ־쾳ҲоһϢ֮£ѡ
΢ձɡʮӰУ˳ȻǶ΢ʮ㣬ʵЩ˶΢гԹ޲΢
δأ΢ҲǾ˥֮ĿֲԿԼκʮ鶼ûЧҲǾԣ΢ܸоЩӰʮ顣
һ£Ҳ΢һƣ֮ǰ޸˥֮ûЧ΢
΢˿ɨһۣԼòˡȻʮӰ΢һ۾ͿԿĸǴܹܵģܹٻ΢Ҳͬһϳ
Ϊ飬ͱԲͬ΢޸˴ܹ˥֮ݣٻ鲻ԸԼǻֱԱ
Ա֮˥֮Ŀƻή͵ͣҲ˵һ˲ЩʧȥƣǻṥĿꡣ
ȻĿ겻΢Լʩ߱
ͼܹٻͻȻһ׹⣬Ȼըһ鱬
˲䣬Ѽʩߺ֮һ־ϵ˲жϣͬ˿ƿһ㣬һ̣ЩŰ˾ˣҲǸԵʩߡ
ΨһѵľǴܹܣ鱬ˣ˿ֵ̾ĿǼзŭĺУ޼¡
˥޵еģκǶûЧʩǱ彵ٻͶӰǵıռ֮Ҳûã˥ֱӴ͸һϰԴԽǳԱ΢ôһ֮󣬳˴ܹ֮⣬Ÿʩȫ˥鷴ɣһǽп಻
һ͵Ϯɱʹ߽⡣
˶Ǹ֣ڱɵ˲Ϳʼ룬֮ززֻʮеһɣҲ˥֮һ۷ҲԲԴ˿̲ȥԸ΢
ӵߣ쾳֮Ӳߵģʵϣһɵ˥֮˿Ҳ̾ͱɱڣֻҹɽܹܣûӦô£Ͱˣǰܵĳ׵ס
ȻҲͶӰ֮΢ֱǲֵһᣬ΢һץͽڿռݺĴܹܸץ˹
˿λܹɪɪֱӹģûӣ΢̫󣬱ʮþȵİɱȻʧܵ˳ףλܹܶûӦʲôʮλ쾳ˣǿλ֮ǾȻҲɣ̾ӣ֪΢Ŀֲ
ʱΧ΢쾳ҲϤ΢֪ڲʴܹܵʱԽ佻¿Ѷ΢ԼǴ쾳һȭ俪ߵĴ
ԭά΢ƽ⣬˿΢ʤƽ⣬߽⡣
΢֪ʮûоߣ߽ƻޱȣȻѹûûϵ΢Ὣ߲
ǳʤ׷Ļᣬһ˥֮ΪǶԸǵʱ
΢֮ǰ޸˥֮Ѿ˸Ӧ˥ķţȻӦˣӦ˥λãͿҵǡ
ڵ΢Ҫ㲡Ҫ


һİһ ʵǾ
΢Ǳߵľղͬ͵Ϯ΢Ǽλ쾳˴˿ȴǾޱȣǸû뵽ᷢ顣
۷徳˶˥֮ں󷢳ޱȵĽ
֮ǰø˥飬ʣûκô˥޵еģʲô޷赲ֿĿ
ָоǳľѾܾúܾû壬ֱһѪоԼԪһ룬ΪǷ·նһ룬ֵͬʱ۵㡣
ôôʧܣ˥֮óģѵģ鲻òô룬γԿԴˣʮ㣬¡
Ϊڿ϶Ķ֣һԷɣϸһ֪ԼĲԡ
ʱʮٻ˥ͻȻҹɽܹܵ飬ʱ˶ܵӰ죬Ͱ
滨ܽԼҲ׽ȥ
ﾪޱȣƲʱͻȻһ
ѣٶȰҵűǰϣͷ⴫ǵã
һ㶣¾ǻɣҲǵĿԲ󣬱Ͼǻһ΢
ѵ˵֮ǰ˥֮ʧΪ΢
ûԥʩչռݣһصС硣
һ۾Ϳ
Ȼı壬ϣܸͬܵ˥ϢֿһŭϢӣԼһҲˡ
ѣǱ΢ˡ˿Ҳһܻȷû뵽ᷢ飬ʮþȵ˥֮Ȼʧˡ
ʧܣһɣ˥ְ벽ˣҲЩԲ
ѵҲȻǿʵͷһˣڲ˵ʱ򣬸Ͻλ֮һ΢ϾͿɱ
ɣһ΢ĺˣ΢ڣȻͿ԰ǣڻԹվߵ˵΢Ѿڶ̶̼ʱڡ
΢ڣһڣͬ޵УҿԽս۷Ĵڡ
鷳ǣ΢ʮ쾳֣µĵط۷壬ҲܶԸô֡
һ뵽΢ܻʮɱ͸оͷƤ飬־塣
Ϊ΢ĵ֣
Ľ̾ˣ˥֮΢ƻģ΢ֶαȻк֣˵ܿɱȻˣѶҺƴɱ˵תĻᡣ
Ҳڻܿ죬ڣӣ߶
飬쾳֣棬һ벽һ۷壬һڣҲӦÿԺɨ˽ˣ΢ǴҲӦ
ôڳļλ֣֮ʵǱ֮ǰ˥ŵģ쾳˥Ҳ̫ˣǵԪ߽ǵΪµǣԭʤȯգʮ㣬ģôᱻ΢ƿ
ǲԼ߳⣬΢޹أʱӿ˵һֿܡ
༸ҲüͷһȻҲֿܣֻҡͷ΢˥ܻ֮⣬˰е϶΢һԤУ΢ܿͻҵ
ĶͷһǱӦþ£Ǵ˿ƫƫǸоһֿ־塣
΢ʲôƻ˥֮ÿһ˶ܵ鷴ɡ
λҼϴҲΪһ㣬΢Ͱˣ޻أСͬСɣ˽磬֪Ϊʲô˽磿˿Цʵ
鵱ĪǣСֻͬʱ߸ˡ
ˣҽдѾռ߸еʣһ΢쾳˵Ķֻ֣Ҫ޸ƣͲ΢ˣһҲֻܽһһ벻ǻɡһ԰
һҲɫϲȻС̫ˣ˽ȴģֻżȻС磬ҰƲ⣬СģϹʱڵˣҲֻˣƶ˼᲻ɴݵط


һİ˶ ԭз
˵߸ˣ߸ˣһܽ
ʱǷϣ΢Ϊ΢ʮ쾳֣һҲֻһһɱһ
˵˶˷ޱȣһϣ΢ǰҲ΢СĹ򣬱Ȼǰ
ǻ飬ǱѾһռѷ죬΢һž̤˽
ˣ˴һͬʱпϲ΢˽磬һʱʩչ˽硣
΢ããѰ·ЦԴ΢ʹƣ΢⣬ʵϣÿһ˶΢ɱ֮졣
΢ƻǵ˥֮ʧ˰˳ɵԪҽձؽҡҲŭ˵ΪҲ˥壬Щ䣬Ȼǽ΢޵ͷ
˿Ҳ΢һǲǺܲ죬Щûиһ
Ȼ΢ʧľ±飬ֻȻԸ޷ˣΪ΢޾ɫһ㲨ûС
죿ΪҪ죬ξһ˵ȻҪ΢Ȼ˵
£һ㶣΢϶ڳǿҲǿװ򶨡
΢װˣ¾Ǻ£һˣɣġҲ˵΢ĺ΢һֱҲᱻٵΪҲ䣬ľҲ˽ľ档
Ϊ΢
뿴΢Ŀ־塣
ֻ΢޾ɫһ֮ɫѾ˵
ֱڿһȺĿˣһõļж֪Ȼ΢ı鼤ŭˡ
΢ͷӲţҿܳŵʲôʱ򡣡ŭһȶ֣Ҳͬһʱһ֣ɱ΢
棬ĹвϾչغΪѾǴżȻԶﲻƵİ벽ҪǰͬҪࡣ
ĹУѾһ˿Ϣ
һ˿վһ˿΢Ϣֹһ˿һСϪ΢һӣʮСϪ
˿΢̧һƣһݡ
˲䣬΢ǰͬһ͸ˮ֮ǽеĹȫһˮ֮ǽ
ĹҲһͷ·΢ǰĲˮ֮ǽһ򣬿Ըһ
˿̣΢ȻֻʩֶΣȴѾͷųǿ̫Ϣɫ䡣
ô㡭ôϢܣһˣһ˿Ϣģ㲻ڣôܻϢʧ˵Ųźһ˿˿־塣
Ҳ֪΢һ䷴ʣǳ˶Էĵһ⣬һƬ֮ɫ
ŵá
Ϊӵż֪֪һȫµֻҪطԶѰ쾳γѹ֮ơ
һ΢ͻȻֻȻ֪΢Ҳֻһˣڶ΢һˮ֮ǽը
ûõģһݴطǾǺһ궼䲻˵û䡣
ʵ벻ףô꣬˵ǷѾĻҲֻǴһżѣֻǻȡһ˿Ϣ΢˽żꣿǰһȻгһտվͷ
һС
ֲã΢֮ǰִ۹ǡ
ϴһɬ΢ڵΪԼӽⲻܡ
ʩչһط˲䣬ͷſԻۣԻۿɹ۲΢ֳһϸڶ۵ס
һ̣΢еһơ
ŵϢ
ԭˣ΢ǱȡϢǽˣܽ΢㲻Ϊ壬ң˵Խַ̤һ󼤶
˷Ϊʤϣ
˵˭ƿ΢ǷҲֻͬˣȻԶһָһָ̣ȼգ档
Ϊĵ棬ȡһѳì档
ìƣǵƾΧһⳤìҲǵһഫķһѳì磬մȾſֲɷһ쾳ì˵пֱ䡣


һǧİٰʮ Ƴ
΢֪κһ쾳˶Լĵƣһ΢ҪĲǼ򵥵ʤǽһĴʤ
΢ͨӦ˥Ϣ׷ΪصС磬һ΢֪еĶԹڴ˿̽΢ģȾ䣬⼸λ߳˽ʮ쾳֮ʲôơ
΢ھҪƳǵĵƣΪֻһܽЩȫնɱ
쾳̫ΣգͶԻһС磬Щ΢ţΪ˱գҲҪ
ͬݲԼһ
ƺһƳƣ΢ó־ӵеĵ̣Բֹһơ
һì̺ϢĻ棬˲΢ǰˮ棬ԭκ޷ˮϣȻǷ죬һ޴ơ
˼״֮ɫҪ֪֮ǰѾ˼һƶ򲻳˿õƣȻЧ
ǱüͷһΪԼһԽˮݴƣû뵽ֻǴơ
λҲˣ죬΢Ǿһʲôȫɣɱ΢΢Ȼɱǡ
ĻȻֻѾϰԵΪԼһ·ˣ˿̼״Ҳ˵Ĳ
ã΢ȻҪҲٿ˵꣬Ϊʹȡһ˲䣬Ƕһ磬΢ˮݡ
΢һֻ
Ѫ壬ٶȼ죬Բ׽һײ֮£ˮϵƸࡣ
Ҳ߶΢ʮ㣬˿̴һȻһ˾ѪһѪƬ֮䣬ѪѾǱͬɽһ㣬ݺײԻأˮѾǱ鲼ơ
ڡҲʩչƣԿ΢ˮݣЩֶζƽչ¶ģ˿ȫʩչ
һ̣΢ˮǴһ죬һ̣޴ˮݱ飬ޡ
ɱ΢˴һ˲ҲǾһ񣬸ʩչֶɱֻһǱһĻˡ
ͼ΢̧һӣֳһˮݡ
ˣɵˡ
ԭûȥȡ΢Ǹƣ˭뵽ΪǿķˮݣȻ΢ʩչһ
ѵ˵Ҫ̫෨ҲҪ̫ģʩչ
ȻǲܵģԽǿľԽ󣬾֮ǰʩչĵǿǶķǲٵķҲǸ˴۲ſԡ
ɵ΢Ȼ֮䣬Ūһ
ұ㲻ţ΢ʩչŭ²ٿìٴɱҲһҧõ͹
ʮϢ֮΢ĵڶˮҲǺȻ顣
ٽ΢Ū˵ˮݡ
һΣЩˣǷѾ˼Ҫͻ΢ķߣ˭֪΢ȻһٶķųԹƵˮݣץĸо
ʱսȫȫˮݣ˵ʱ˲ˡ
Ǽٴ
ʵϣ΢Ҳûģֶ΢ͬģȻ˵ģǾͲֵһˡ
˵ʩչΣٶ༸΢Ҳ
΢б£ͱڹֳҵȾһսֱôȥУ΢ӲǣɵУʱǷľԴˡ
ֻûƿĿǰֻ֣ܳԼ΢ϣ΢Գ嶯֮³һս
Ҳûӵİ취˵ȷûжˣʵϣĵƣߣûʱһҪ΢ȡǸƣǸƲ΢ĵƺĵ̣ܶӴ˽磬Ϊˡ
ʹߣҲԸߡ
΢ԼΪûӣҲˣΪˮҲûã΢϶Ūһǰ׷
Ҳܾôվţǿ
ù£ֻܿһʼں;ҲˣҲˡ
΢˿һЦǼλҲ˽֮Ȼоøһ֣˲ݣ䲻⣬δزջȷҪۻ֮ԣҪʱڡ
΢ȻЦⷬ˵ڶ漸˶ȴͷƤ飬оһɱ١
һ£Ȼûˡ


һİ սȫ
ҲǱ΢һвסˣֻǾЩ߳ŭ
΢㲻Ҫ˵ЩûõģȻǾҪǾһսȻˣսɣʲô¡˵ŭ
΢ҡͷҪʼգǴһˮݣǾսΣˣƭǣһˮݣٶ࣬Ҳʩչˡ
һ̯֣΢һûƭǵı顣
Ѿ΢Ūʧ˷磬һֻƵĸо΢ˣǡ
ȻǺ޵Ҫ֪΢Ҳڣ쾳֮ȻˣǣǳĴӡ
΢ɱ㣡ڵһŭһ̣ĵƣͼطһιŹֵɫѪҺһ£˲䣬ڵʼ仯ԭδ˿ҲάֲסֻͷѪ죬գ֮䣬Ѿһߴɵľޡ
޻ۣţͷǣ棬ļ̣͸ſԴƲϢͷһԾ޴ţǣżΪֲϢ
һĻһ¶֮ɫ
벻ھȻֳı壬ǰƼˣţ޿̤磬ͷǲᶯƵġֻ֪ܶԿ΢а
һ̣ڵıѾǷУһײ΢ˮ档
ꡣ
΢һˮѿѿڣƬ£һ¾΢ҲǴһ
Ҫ֪֮ǰһģֻΪȻҪڸ̫ˣԼô˿ǵȫƴˡ
Ǳ߾ҲɭɭһЦͻȻ˺ԼƤ
ԭߵͼΪ⣬ʲôʱһ飬·һߣڿǴߡ
ժ֮󣬾ϢȻһ䣬ԭеһЩׯºʹȱ˿̵Ȼ޴棬¶һޱȵĹ
ͬʱҲȻȻҲǺһҪƴˡ
ͼ̧һȭԭѾײļҪѵˮ顣
Σ˳־ͺˮݣûκα
ã΢Ȼʮ⣬ҪƳЩ˵ǿսͬ˵΢ûټʩչˮݣὣϣɱں;ߡ
һ΢ûмˮݷ˾ȻĪ˿ʵǾԷһˮݡ
ԭ΢ȻҲ;ƿݣ޷֧־Էˮݣǻᣬں;ѾĵƣλҲ˺΢ұɱ֮ҲЦһ
һ̣ȻҲսȫ
ͼͻȻǣ˲ۼеӿǸߴɣȻԶڻľޣҲǼΪ޴ˣ仯ģ˵ͷ˿͸һִĽף·һƮ˵ֻһһѽһһ䣬ܡ
ۼǿ̶ȣȻں;߻Ҫǿ
֮Ѿսȫ
΢һۣҲأ֮սȫȷǷͬСɣɾ޼Ժ˺Ƥ֮ޱȣٶ֮죬ֱԲ׽µʥˡ
չֳ취һ䣬Ǵһֹ֮
ȻǷĹ֮޷΢ᲢۣҲǼΪˡ
Ҳǿһķ䣬֮ɫ
ȻҲ﷨Ȼõ޼⵱Ȼ𾪺ջ
ΪαչسżӦþͿԺɨ˽磬ȴû뵽΢̬˿ðһ
ڣһģ˿Ӱ˿ð뷨Ǿǽ΢֮˳ֽҲԷķ˵ԼͻĳɹһЩ
ڣҪԸĻ΢
΢ֵڵײ֮ͷѾһӰǾ߷Ц͵Ϯһǵǧ⽣նɱͨˣսȫľߣȻֻǽԷ˶ѡ
ʱ˳ˡ
ͼз䣬һ췣
һ̣΢ͷѾƾն⽣ͬ񷶥һ£޿ɶܡ
µǣ췣֮£΢һʱ֮Ȼƶɲ֮䣬⽣΢ȴûд΢Ǳһֱ𿪣΢̧һȭ⽣񷶥顣
΢ȻֵزҪ֪⽣췣նɱ쾳ˣֻ˵΢ȻҲ
΢жǿ᣿


һİ ն
Ȼ֪΢ѾǴﵽ񾳣ɽȥ磬
ұƫƫţ΢һС˵꣬ȻǴеķ˺һҳʩչ΢
һҳַ̺·Ȼ޸ƮǱڡߵ֮ǻһΪ΢ߣľͲ޸裬ǰ֮
·ְߣַ·־ĹȻ΢Ϊ־ͨ
΢Ҳǻһ£˲ͻָ
Щŵ΢ŶԷһҲǰҪСģЩ֮ݺ˽ô꣬ôûһЩֶΡ
һ̣һҳѾ𽥱ȻǺΪһ壬·һҳ䣬Сط
΢˴˿̵ޱȣʩչǿͨ˿ѾǺСΪһ壬ط
λٽ΢նɱеعƿأ΢ǿҲóҵط֮¡˵꣬˻һŽ⣬صУ·ѾΪһ塣
罣ɽ̶΢Ǵ粽С˵꣬΢̸оΧط仯
ĹǷ·һҲ·ѹһɽ΢Ҫƶ̶ͬ
ǿطֻȻĵо֮Ĳһ㣬ʩչͨĵطɽɵѹ
ɽ΢磬谭ܶ΢ʲô̫Ӱ졣
ֻ±˲֪
Ǳں;ڼӳ̸֮оΪ˲٣¸ʮ㣬˵Ļǹ΢
Ҳɵ
ȻȲ΢ƵģҲܺ޲ʱڵҲв˿ȹɱ΢ҲΪ˽΢նɱ֮һ΢ı
ڻһѣ˵ߵٶȸ죬Ǳ˸ոս΢ѹƣ߾Ѿɱ΢ǰ
˵֮ǰľ߳ϣ˿̵ľߣһħͷҲޱȣգ֮ɱ΢ǰ
΢Ҫһץ˲䣬ֱðֱۣ·һ㣬գ֮Ѿֱѹܵ㡣һǶܲ̾ͻᱻЩĳࡣ
ϸԿЩŻ桢˪綾еֱӾɸһơ
Ǿߵʥ֣˵ÿһƣױǳһǴУ΢ɡԶˣһĻҲǿ˵
ô˵΢Ҳһڣ˿̾ȫ֣ƴļƣ΢˿Ǳ˵طֵܵס
һ̣о¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ǿ΢ˣ̧һնǧɣֱӽߵʥնΣͬһ㣬꣬ͷβҪնߵ˲䣬߾֮¼æұǧ֮⣬żһ
˶ľο΢ȻطԼ
ӵʲôֶΣǾ΢ﵽһµľ磬һ֣˵Ǻ¡
ѾҪ񲣬ʥľֱۣ֮ǰѾ΢ۣ˿ұҲվԺҪʩչʥ֣ٵûޣеĺֱϽˮһ㡣
΢Һƴˡ߹ֽһֻƤѣȻǴ֮ðһˮǾĴƴˡ
콵񷣣
۵ĹâˮԶоһļ£ûǻعߵȻֹ
һ˲ˮĶͷˮǴͷʼڽڱ飬졣
ˣ
˶ǵһǿھʩչֶʱ΢һֱ̳ӽߴɱ
ĽԶܵٶȣȻǽôһڵˣĵʹ
Ȼ΢ɱ¾ŸոĻ
նɱ֮΢ֱڶȥٶȸ˷Ӧڴ˿̻ޣ΢糾˿̲£ֻ΢ɱ˾ߣȴɱңⱾһëҪʮ֮Ƥ⣬ȿռݶҪͰٱǧôɱң


һİ ն
ﵱУŲмڵȷ԰ıǮⱾΪ̫޴쾳˶ԺվŲԷҲ˵Ƥë
ֻǱ΢ֻһ䡣
ɱ㣬һӣ
Ȼڱ仰ŭˣһŭ𣬻һѪ֮ڣԿѪȻŸʴ쾳óȻҲᱻһա
ƫţһɱңڸո˵꣬Ǳ΢Ѿһն
һŴ֮˲䣬΢ӽֱϣҲܲסȵĽֱ飬΢񾳵ϣҲðѪٿһɴСĽƾճ֣նھ޵Ĳϡ
ֻһž죬·һ㣬ֻüһŵľѾǱ⽣Դն¡
޴ľͷ­һȻ䣬ķɳСڡ
һ
ѾǺȻƤ˲֪ڵıжô̬ΪҪߣڵı壬Ҳ޿κεģֻ˭κβ˭
˭뵽΢ȻԽڵľޱһնס
Ҫ֪һС綼նһ㣬˽нߵˣҲ
ǽΪﵽһ̶ȣκط򣬸ղһ˲䣬ǽз֮ļʶȻҪ㣬˿̿΢Ѿ׹ߡ
ˣ΢ΪֻڣĴԼҲԲǶ֡
Ϊã΢ȻԼҪ̫ࡣνط䣬΢ǰͺСһЦ
û۹⣬ͬǿľ̶ʱ΢Ȼն֮Ҫ֪ں;Ƕڵˣ˾ŵ֮һôɱˣ
֮ϣ˷һΪ˿̣΢Ŀ⽫ˡԭǺΪһ壬쾳ҲԷڣҲ֮֮䣬ԣߡ
û뵽΢˫ֻһëֱ·һͷ޶һ㡣
ã΢̫ǿᣬȻն쾳ҾǶ֣ң顢ҲǶ֡
л֣̿ȷǱŻˣ̨磬ŵǽ㲻𣬶ʵҲˣ˽粻֪жûгֹ쾳飬ʱ䳤ΪǾ޵еĴڡ
ֱ΢ճŽָ߰͵ķ顣
˿̣Ƥӵĵ£΢չ¶޵֮ƣߺնɱһ̣˲֪Χ΢Ƕô޴
ӣҪӣҲ֮䣬Ҳȫ˿ֻߣһ㣬еƣ˿̺СطΪһ壬Ҫȥѡ
ǵȵһ̣ŷ֣ôʩչ޷Сȥ
ֱ˿̣˲ŷһ¡
С⣬Ѿ˶ֽţȻطˡ
һӦ;ģǺܿҡͷ֮ǰֶںСطں֮ѾùҲûⱾ£ϢСģڡ
һ̣΢
ģˣոˮΪʱ䣬һǳǸᣬգ΢ûκһӳȥֻ֮оĳȵס
ûʱ룬Ϊ΢ˡ
һΣ΢Ŀͬ˸ղŵĲ²⣬Сĵȷ΢鲢ѡ
ͼ΢һץ·һץ֮¿Խضڣֻо΢˲ͽԼץסֱӴصг˳ȥ
һ̣ѾǾֵ㣬֪Լʲôһ̾ͻᲽں;ߵĺ󳾡
˿ڵˣ֪УԸ㣬Ӵ˰ǰΪЧΥԣ𡣡
˵꣬ȻǴüıƳһνѪ
ѪһѪͿԽƿء˿̣ǺԥѪ΢
һɨ΢֪ûˣУԼǰҲûʸˣʲôС
ǽѪȡ΢һֱۣĶԷľҪʱɿָ
ɴ⣬æͷݡ
֪Լһ
ʱҪģ棬Ų棬ʲô壿
Դ˿ѹȥ񣬶ֻҪ΢ڣͻΪȷ棬ȥԸ顣
ԼʵҲûʲô顣
ֻȻ΢ôԾͼ΢̧һ㣬ͱһˮ֮⡣


һİ ӽ
һΪ˰ȫ΢Ҳʱò
˿̣滹վŵģֻʣ
֮֮飬У֮ӡ
ǰ΢û΢ɱ֮ǶԷɱ̫΢ͲܷŹԷ
΢ŹɹŽҲܷŹ
ɹŽѾǳΪƽոնɱߺڵĽƽȻնͷƽҲЩԲ΢˿ɿԸоԵս⡣
ǰδеս⡣
ɹŽ˵ڵ壬ΪնɱЩ΢Ϊͬһ΢ù෨񽣣Щ΢Ľ࣬΢һ·֪̭˶õķΨɹŽԸ΢Ľࡣ
΢ΪɹŽΪҲ΢֪ɹŽģԺԵĸоÿһɱɹŽڳɳͬԼһ
ʼ΢ɹŽնɱڵɹŽʱ飬Ǵ˿̣նߺڣȻˣ˵ЩɹŽ
˿΢Ž궯Ľ顣
˵ʵ֮⣬΢ҲǱҪɱܺһѡ΢һ
ӡ
˿΢ӣҪ˵ϵ΢ҲǢˣֻΪѵԭֻǽһڻԹС
ӶԼĺҲ£΢˿̵˵Ͷ
΢ӵ֣޳ԹҸЩ飬ֻ֮ǰѲŽס΢ǡ
˵꣬һ
һĻŪҲĿɿڴ˵ʵȻһݽɫ΢оԼԶˡ
Ҫ֪Լ˾ŵĩΪֻڶѣ΢ڵں;߶նˣԼһڣ
֮ǰѾڿǣҪҪЧ΢˿΢˾һǰˣ΢ʱԼӣٲʶ̧٣ǾѰ·ˡ
Ĵȥ˭ó²΢Ķ֣ʱҲѡᡣ
ǰˣҷˣӴԸ㡣
˵꣬ҲҪƳԼıѪ΢ȴǵ½ֹ˵һӼޱȵĻ
ˣұ޳Թ֮ǰֶᣬӴΪѣ購΢˵꣬ȻǸж£Ҳǳ׵΢ߡ
ЩҲҶ˵ϾӲܱȣ֮ǰ΢Ҳ˲鷳΢ܲɱѾǿˡ
ӵ΢ֻʣ
Ȼܺ΢ͣ΢ûңݣеڶֿԡ
ңԼδؾͲ΢΢ǿ٣΢Ϊﵽ۷壬϶֪֮΢Ķ֡
ڣ΢ֻڣȻķ֮Լһȴʵƴаջ΢
ΪˣҲĵġ
飬˿ȴʮԥģ΢ǿú¶ޱ壬ȻҲ΢һնɱԴնʵֱס
ԼȻ۷壬΢ʤϣҾĿǰӮ١
һս֮ʤˣԼҲҪĴۡǵȻҲһѡ񣬾ͬӣӶˣֻҪ΢Ըˣ鲻⽲͡
лᣬԱº֣˽΢ûᣬʹҲ֮ǽɹ˿ء
һЦ΢΢ͬ޳Թտɷ񽲺ͣ
΢һ飬΢ȫͬʱ΢ӣԲ顣΢ҲЦͣðɡ
һȻŭ
ʲôҪұѪҪҳ㣿΢ĪΪɣȷŭˣĵλ΢ƽȽͻУ΢ѱ΢ȴǲԸ⡣
ͬʱǱ΢סʺһߣԲѲѡַʽȻԶﲻ̶ֳȣһ԰ȻԸķʽ΢
΢οͷȷν΢Էһ΢һ㽻飬ûгԹȻԲ׷װȴǲܡ
ǶԷһѡ΢ˣֱնɱİȫ
ȥδӣԼѡ񡣡΢ö˵ֱһ仰鵱ȻǴŭʱԱߵ֪Ҫ˵ˣ鶼ѡ񳼷ֻܹ¾սˡ


һİ˰ ۷
֣΢˲ţϾִ֮εȴҪū㣬ܴӦҿӦ֣΢ײҶ۷壬Ҹǰ벽ѵɱһڵ΢˵꣬ҪԼߣǱһҲŭ΢΢Ȼôʶ̧٣ǾݹҶˡ
ϻ̫࣬ǲˡ΢ö˵΢ԻὫɱζԷΪ
˵꣬΢ὣǰҲ΢ж֮ǰѾ̧һָ˲䣬ػӿϯ
ͨĻԹ֮𣬾쾳һմȾֻһǣҲᱻһֱգƤ⵽ݡ
һжԸͨ쾳Ӧÿԣ΢ԼҲ֪ղһֻϣֹ΢Ķ
ڵ΢Թֹ֮ģ
ͼ΢һ̤Ѿ˲䵽ǰ
ЩȻռ䣬޷Ųƣһ΢Ч΢˺ĿռݣҪŲƸʲô顣
һһо˼ȵΣգο΢Ǵɱˡֻ΢һЯסıϯ¡
΢㵱֮Ľɱҡһȡһʩչ
ȡһƬ࣬ɲ֮䣬ͻ̶ɢΪֲϢ·ԳһС
Զһ۾һʧϹ̶ã벻ȻȻܳΪ֮ǵ֮ˣҲӦΣ΢һѽǱסˡ
ʶ㣬Ȼ̶֪򵥣нڣ̶֮ƣ˼壬˱óľɶֵķǽ
Ȼǹ̶΢һ
Ƕóһ΢İնɱߺõģһϵɷǶоһļ¡
Ȼ鿴΢֮Ϊıࡣ
һѽܽ΢һѽˣǾ͵ڶϵ΢ұۣҪԸ΢ؾҪ׶ˡ
̶ķһԲʩչΪֻⷨʩչΣȻÿһζ
Ϊ˶Ը΢黹᲻óء
ͼ΢Ľ£ȻǱ̶һ̵ͬʯ󺣣֮⣬΢Ҳоһɾ޴ʼ䵽ϣֻһ̣ƽֶ뵽̶С
һĻǹЦáҲǼޱȣ΢һ񽣣΢Ҳ֮ǰôǿˡ
΢ûܻûиоɥֻЩ졣
ΪΪǿƽ̶еģһ̣ƽϴɹŽ־
ɹŽȻ΢ɿ
Ҫ֪΢ˣɹŽǽ飬ͬһ֣ȻĶԼһЩĸҲͬ
Ȼ΢֪£̶ޱȣԲɽ룬ȻɹŽҪȥ΢Ҳš
΢ɿ֡
ɹŽҪʲô΢ǲףϣҪźã΢ɹŽѾϰߣķӦ
Ͼʲôն쾳𻵵ģ
ǱȻ֪е飬Ϊ΢ǱԼеķȻ⣬оռϷ硣
΢Ҳɣ㣬̶ҲʮЦһ߶̶һ̶̣ð࣬ͬǧһٶȼĲ΢
ȻǴ㽫΢̶̶һ룬Ҳѳ
΢Щ߾ס̧һȭķ飬ˮؾۣȻɱ꣬ɱ
ʵ΢зӽ̶ȥģֻǵɹŽԴ㾲䣬Ϊռƣ͹ǱߵҲһΧɱһʱ֮䣬սһš
ֱһ̣֪΢жֻһڣȻǺִѽѷ֣΢ǿӲȭͷԿеķһЩ΢Ҳûκô
΢ֱǿ˼飡鶼𺳣һ̣ʵʵڸܵ΢ǿ
ڣ˶ҽ΢һȭ
ܿ΢һȭͿԽǵ飬˴˿ƾҲܺ΢൱
һ̶̣ͻȻһ⣬һӰɳֱն顣
ߴһǽ̫죬鷴ӦҲ죬һγһܡ
ȻԱγɵĻܣ赲һй
һֱ̣ӻܣ׼飬ȥͷʬĵڵء


һİ˾ ս
ɫٶȼ죬΢ҲûзӦѾǺ
Ͼ۷壬ԼӿֱȪӿһ̣΢ЩӶ˲١
ʱ򣬾ҲܲôˣΪҲм洦ֻǿϧȫա
ʵϣ΢ϵҲֻ䣬֮ǰں;Ϊ̫۷壬Ҳûá
΢һɫ⣬Ȼķֱնɱֱ㡣
һ̣΢ͿǽɫһԼһ˿ǵɫ⽫΢նɱͺˣȻͬʱҲСҲŪǽɫʲô
΢һʼҲһܿ¶һŹֵı飬Ȼǲܣֻ̧֡
̫ˣ΢ܣǽɫȻɽնɱѣһ̣⼤ͱ˾㵺ʹ͡
ΪһɫȻƽƽ΢ϣԼ֮Կ⵱Уһ߳΢һ
ˣܿ뵽֮ǰ΢һԹƽǽ̶̵֮Ӧǳʧˣѵ˵һѽ⽣ƽ
ƺ⣬ǣ⽣ƽȫͬ˵Σ˵ƣ֮ǰƽֻɷŨҵϢɷ⽣ûС
еֻׯ£һʥ
ΪˣԺѽѽΪһ̸˿ҲӦ֪⽣Ȼ΢֮ǰһƽֻǲ֪ʲôԭһѷˡ
һ뵽һ㣬͸оЩġ
΢Ҳ̫˰ɣȻʱҲķףҽ׵ĳ̶Ⱦס
˵ķû֮һ
ıôͲΪáԼķ˵ûһԱȵ⽣ģҪ֪⽣ǿԽ۷嶼նɱķ
΢ǱߣȻҲϳɹŽֻ˿̵ɹŽͷ·ػһ㣬ޱȡ
ͽ齻㣬΢֪ô¡
֮ǰɹŽ̶һɹŽԽ֮Ӧ̶ƵϹŲн
Ҫ̶֪ƵģҲǻԵɺϵõõ֮ǰ̶ѾƬϹŷƣЩкǿɹŽҪУɷЩϹŷĲк
һɹŽƷʣҲкɷ
ɹŽ̶еϹŷһգ⽣̶ٶȽնɱ
ҲĻԵˣֱȵ΢ɽеջ
˿ɹŽѾûʵ壬һ۽⣬ұ֮ǰǿٱ
ãҾ㣬նɱΪ̫𡣡΢Ž⽣˵һ䣬ѾǱ⣬ա
ɫѾࡣ
֪Ҳûãֻк΢һսʤ˽һӴ˿һͳ˽磬Խ̤ܣֻ·һ
û֮УʱΪҲߵģ鶼޷֮ȡ
Ϊˣ԰
΢ھʣˣû㣬֮ǰҲûнеչֳΪҪųڣɱ㣬ҲûӳԽ֮һ㡣һûκαԭҪ֣֮һ΢ɱڿǳȫ΢΢ս
ڣֻȫ֡
һ̧̣һУͼһ޴Ż
Ż֮ɣ״أԽ񷣬ϣ£·٣ѹһС
Żһ΢Ǹоһǿޱȵѹˣ͸˵泼ˡ
Ż֮󣬸ֵסȻǷ׷׹򵹣ⲻǱ⣬ŻЯѹ¡
Ҫѹȴͬʮɽѹϣ˶á
΢ɣ֮ţֱ£ΪᱻѹƵ㣬ȻҲֻά֮ʮϢʮϢɱ㹻ˡ
һȼıԴ֣ͬ˵һΪάʩչǿΪҲҪȼıԴ֡
ʩչһΣıԴҪ߳ɣҲ˵ʱڣֻʩչһ֮š
ͬ˵һʩչһξ㹻ˡ


һľũ Ԫʼ
һ̧̣һ֮ììһɣһʼǳɫȻǱɫȻɺɫ
ɫĻ棬ͷһμȻһìͬСɡ
΢ɡ
ǰһָì˲ɱ΢
Ǳ΢һʼ΢һ£ʵϲûоʧ룬ȼձԴάֵ֮ŵȷΪŵһͷ
΢ŵĺ棬ȻǸӦ֮Ϣ
ֵز׿ԽˣȻԷ̤ɻԶΪά֮ıԴ֣Ҳֻ·
Ȼ˵ʵ֮ŵȷǿ΢Ҳδܱȵϣ΢ҪͶԷƴ΢ҪľǶ㿪ԷĹɱ֮ͺˡ
֮ˣΪ֮ţͲɱ˵ģȴ䵱Դһʼͱɡ
ɫìȷԶһУ΢ҪʩչˮݣֻҪ㿪ͺá
һ̣΢ܿҪ棬׻
еһ΢Ͱ֮ŵӰ죬һĻУͬ˹һ
ֻԾĻں档
΢̧һӿ֮ɲ֮䣬΢նĽײĺɫì֮ϡ
һ죬ɫìͱնӿĻ˲䱬񷣬ǺɫĻ棬޾ôոռڻì֮ϣжôǿ
ɴ˿̣΢ƵǸɸɾ
һ̣ʼû뵽Լʩչ֮ţ޷΢ѹԷȻǲ֮ŵӰ졣
ô벻ͨµͣ£ǵѪ˿۾һ̣͵ĳ֮һѪ䷨֮ſʼ𶯡
һ̵ѾƴոԪ֮ѪһѪȥԪҪʮꡣ
Ƕ˵Ѿ˲Щˣ˷Ӿֻһ£Ǿɱ΢
ֻҪ΢ĴۣԸ⸶
һѪȥȻҪٻ֮ŵеĶԴˣţԿ϶Լ֮ٻĶԿԽ΢նɱ
֮ŵ𶯸󣬷·ʲôҪųһһ̣һž޴ޱȵͷðȻֻѾϢˡ
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ЩС£Ȼ˴Ҫս΢Ҳ㹻Ӧ
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˽ӹ񣬴ûĸԾۼ˶쾳ˣȻκ飬ʮλ쾳˶Խʵϵڣ΢ɱ֮˽Ѿûκܺ΢ΪС
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