==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================

ߣ

ݼ飺
ЦӢۣΪ
ҶЦһ֮սţһ򣬴ɱķվѲڡһ׽磬õƷ鱦쾧裬޾ռ䡣
һٴɱ򣬸һΪףݺ£ЦӢۡ
ˮǧɽΪ𣻰˻ϣΨҳۣ
Ҳ磬ս񷣡


1 наЦ
һ죬ض
УһɽͻȻȫ飬޾ʯ̳һ̣ͻȻܵأ
̳УһХһӰȻƿնһĹâٶȥȥ̫죬ƸӰȻһ̳ǰ
漴Ӱ̳һ̳Ȼ֣ռɣ׷
֣Ϲǧİپʮλһǧ׷ɱǺôֱʣ
һ죬ҶЦٷ֮еȫ׵һʯסһЦ͵ػһ˵ĽնƲ磬Ȼ

ƥһȥһҽвڶ˴Ӹ߿֮Ѫ㵸ŵȻ£
˳ȥҶЦԼҲѪɽѾάּС
ɽȻ
վͨ쳤磻
зӿ

վУľ仰ǶԵԪֵ
ҶЦȻѾǵԪ۷֣ڷղǾһ֮֮˿Ѿ;ƿݵַ֧״̬ŸոͣסµʯѾմ罦Ѫ
ҶЦҵشϢţȴԾǼڽмһЦٺ٣ӽȻ;ĩ·ڽӣ㱾ˣЩʣ¼ģ
פʯɽߴӥͷ
˿ҶЦһͷҲͬǿеȻͷȻǱΣȴԾɴ޾
׷϶ڶĿ²Լͬפ㲻ǰ񼫶˸ӵҶЦԶӵĿⲻȴǽʬѪͨһȻؿھĿͷţת
һ·׷ɱԶ׼ĴۣǧɽˮѪڤ;
Ѿɽˮ;ĩ·ЦȻ֪ѾעݣѾ;ƿݣʱ˿̣Ծû˸óȻǰһ
Ҷһ㣬ڣóȻؿͻᱻȥᣬڤ
˭Ҳ⣡
һ㣬ʡ
ΪǰˣЦ
ЦӢۣΪ
λĴ
żǧİپʮλֲ¾޴塢ֶΣϽɱҶЦǧ·̵ĳ;׷ɱ;ɽ棬ҶЦһ֮һ·ɱ֮£Ȼǧİپʮλɱ˸䣬֮Ŀ֮⣬һشֵʬ֫
ǿĴڣ˭ҵģ
ȻҶЦ˿ƾԣ˸ӧ棡
ҶһУҪ˴ҵĻ·ҲֶԸ㡣棬һɷǵİЩ̾˵ֻǲסЦΪλͻȻսأɱ飬յ˽ܾ˵ľ棬𼺣ȴǺοࣿ
ȻѾעԳЦĸ󻼣жĴȴֳ޷ܣŵĶ֣⣬ٱ¾˰˳ɣȲʧǧ֮ڶԻָԪ
ڼһ𣬱ȻᶯҡŵĳȻλĽοһһǿֻ
һеһУȴϡͿڶ֪λֲЦǷʲô裡ν˲ǣ
һأ˫˼ɵЦˣ
ҶЦЦǲ֪֪ôǺǡ
ͷؿڱĴ󶴣ɼȻչһ±˵壬ĮȻԭȻεΪҲ޹أǰռԴǿиĵ¢ĵرǵ֮⣬˸޷ǿԵǰ;оӾǿߣȻߣӾҪܣ
ҶԲӣ±Ψе߾֮һ;ǿʳҵֺ֮δ֮У
ҶЦǺȵĴЦеߣ⻰Ҳ±ˣ˭˭ġΪռɽ׼һʮˣջǸķԲǧ֮һϦΪڤӴѪԪٳɣȴƴ˵ϮǲòΪΪ롭˵ʵɥĲ֮٣Щ˶٣ǾȻڼеߣһеߣ
һЦ˺εĳ֮⡣
ԴǵģҪȾָǾݣ棡Ƚˣֶͬԣʲô⣿
ҶЦ䣬һЦ
λһΪ׵ˣʱɫ쳣ѿ
ԭҶŵĳԣȻеΪߴƽٺ٣ҶȻ־ʿֻ֪Ҷڼ˺˭ֹ֮ƣҵش̴棬಻ǧعʵȫϧ֮䲻µЦЩ˵
һţȻɥĲ񡣵ˡһУҲҺ޹ϵҶЦЦ޾ĵĮֻҪһһ죬ΨһҪֻ˵
пмȴ̾ϢһֵܣվûΪ㱨𣬾ţ
Ϊ֮
ԭˣҵˡ߻ͷ˲˷ɱ˵գžݲٴ˼䣡
ҧһ֣ɱϧһдۣ
һεĹȴڳһ֣ȫ֣λ۷ͬʱһ׹ݺύǿһϤڻһҶЦ֮أ֮ƷϮ
֮Уܵ溳춯أֻһ˲ʱѣҶЦɽʯڸأɶ𣬼һ˲ͱȫ̴ݻ١
ҶЦЦţ֮ǰһ²߲һ·ս˴˿̣ίʵѾ;ƿݣһûˣ˻صԹҲûһ˿ܵҲޣֻЦţĮĿǰĹ
һ˲ҶЦͬɽһ飡
Уֻһ仰
ֻϧҶЦƵ£ܽЩ¹޸ҶЦܾؽɥĲ֮ͽͽаУ֮
λһݺ޵еЦʱ̣Լȱݣ
Ƶ£
ȻǾΣȳʱվҲҪΪ˵
ǿıըУɽ˲ʱҷ
ʯƣҳ
һƵŶأ쳹ա
޻ڴ·գ
Ψն磻
н
аЦ죡
һƬУ߿ǰɵʵķʯ飬ɫ૵ȻѾ֣ȴѾҲûκλˡҲ֪࡭
Цһ૵наЦ졭Цֻϧûеģ
һӡ˷׷׺ˣתȥ
ûע⵽ҶЦǵһ̣һϹ⣬һ
Хе̳ɨøɸɾֻ±صʯƽԭԭĴɽѾʧ
ΨпУһ޵ڵ͵͵Ļ
наЦ졭

ҶЦͻȻоԼѡ˹
ʹȴϾ˼Щʹĵֻ޾㯣
ô£ҲڸսôҲôɢԵһôۣܲĿȴһ仪ķݣԸоԼһĴϡ
û
˹ûз֮Ʊطǣؾû
ҶЦ鲻ԽͷŶһ塭£
ҶЦõԼǰɴ۾
۰׵һ˫֣޳ֱָǱȴֻҪϸƯ
ⲻҵְҶЦĿǰ֣þûӦ
һ̣һµӴùߵͭٵǰһ̣һ
һİסʮ꣬ɫ𪣬üĿӢСģþһƯ
Ư
ҶЦ졣òʣϲʣ
˧ٶȶԼҶЦͷұĿÿˣȴô£
漴͸оԺһʹһɳˮļ䣬񳱰Ϯ޴ĳ˹ȥ
ԴڵĺţãЩİļ䡣
ˡ


2 ֮ˣ֮
ȵҶЦ𾪵ſ͡ʵû뵽ȻԼϣ˹쵽˼飡
塭ʵǱ˵塣
ԼڵĵطǺ½ҲǰԼڵ򾭳˵ġ׽磿
ҵǣȻǱ˵壬ȴǡҶЦ塣
ΪԭˣܴҲҶЦǺ½ʵ۹򱱽ҶĶӡ
˿̣ڳʵ۹ǳǳǵĽС
λߵҶ뼸λ¥ȾƣһҹصͻȻнʹһغ
ЦҶЦǡڴʱһδɲɵؽ塣
ǰ״ҴˡԣǲסҶЦüͷ̫ѨѾɢûκεܣôû󡭡
ļʶ㣬أԲô¡
Ϊ£ǾԲܷġȴʵʵڵľͷԼϡ
űãϣֻҪ÷Լǧľ飬ò˶ãҶЦͻǰλ۷Цţǵӣӿ϶Ҫȥģ
ҶЦҧĹâ
Щһ㾡ԸԼԼҷ𣬵Ҳ벻ΪѾЦ˿̾Ȼûɣ
һ죬һһϲ
ҶЦţȴͻȻоһľʹһָѵʹࡣ
˵쵰ôͻȻˡԭǱ˶Цεȷḻϵ˲ѾԼϷʲô飬һ£γɵӰһ£ҵʹͷֱð亹
λӣȻǱ˶ġ
˿̣ԼȻӹ壬ڵľ綾ȴȻڣԾӵж˵Ч
ֻǣ˶ȻܹӵҶЦЦҶЦȴһ£
ڤ֮ߡ
һ˲ͷֱʲôҶЦڲмһˣǰһڣ֪ٶȱæȴȻпտҲ𣬴˿̵ġҶЦѾǰЦڵֻһҵ竹ӣȻòҲȴʲôã
һˣҶЦͷʹ
ҪЦѲ֮࣬շһССڤսˣǲЦ
ʹԽԽǾңҶЦݺݵһҧΨȱסȥ˵µҲֻԼĽһѾ綾ѹȥ˵
ҶЦϥһҧ˲ҵ綾ڣѹȥ
ۣ
ҶЦһѪ˳ɫ԰
ģһˡȻѹƾ綾ڿ޸֮ˣû뵽ҶЦȻҲôǱһ졭ҶЦ˲ǵѪĵµ֮ڵľ綾ҪȻûʬ嶼ˡ̸ʲôȥ𡭡
Ҳһӵ飬ԴĶ˿̾ȻһҲòϣһҲ
ҶЦԹ˵ھ൱ǱŽɽɽ¥ǮйϧȴǸźʵ۵̫࡭ȼ˵·ԼϣʲôЦɴеùˡ
ɧɧ취ҪΡ

ܼңȥЩҩҶЦһҩȻԼдõġڲѧŵЦ˵Ҫ⡮ڤ֮㲻Ҳа취ġ
һĸоҲͦˬġлӣרȡŹܼӦҶЦһʱȻЩ泩
ӡЩҩܼҩһۣǾͳ鴤һ£ͷһãȻ
զأ
Щҩզʹû˵ܼҺĵ˵ӣ½ϵҩݣСҲ֪٣ͼСҲ⼸ζҩݣ𻨡ȴǴ˵ģǴŪ䷽ء
ҶЦһԴ
Щҩȫҩģ׽磬Ӧûеġ
ðɺðɣҾǿЦҶЦ̾˿ȥæİɡ
ܼͷһͷˮĸˡ֪Լҹӽַʲô裿ȻԼȥҩѾΪдϡŹֵ־Եѧ˲ɣǡ
ҶЦ첽ߵҶ󽫾鷿
żͼʲôʲôҩ
ȻˡҶЦ̾˿
ڤ֮ҶЦйȻʲôĶȴĶ׽磬ܹڤ֮ҩûУ
¶ǴҪءֻһɾ鷳ˡûнҩԼϲȥֻеķˣ
УĶôؽأ¶ˣӦûһЩĹϵҶЦзĺ
ӣǰݷá
죬ҶЦҲǷˣԼҲһ
ԺӣһŮҲûУŮŮҲȥȥĶǴ󺺡
вȻ뺷ȴвм
λҶ󽫾ܶ˲оʿԼĸۡˡ
һӵĴ󽫾
ҶЦԼϰֵĵһ֪
ӣҶЦһ£λˣǱһλ󽫾󽫾Ĺӣ󽫾ԼĸҶ󽫾ͬΪͳ󽫣ֻϣԼӵ򱱴󽫾ԯޣ
һﶼǽӵܣ˵ĸ׶겻ڼң֮ͬȻȻشһ˻죬νǱ׼ġֻ˼ﻹͼţȻҲһλԵ竣»ô˵ǰҶЦǿ㣬Ҳ޵ý
оλ˵֣ǿ൱Щʡ
˵󽫾׾иڳԵëһ˳󽫾ؼңͶ٣˯һ·
ȴεкϣ졣˵λСӣ뽫
ʱ󽫾ڸ˵ԼǰεĻ䣬ͻȻ˵ˣһʱ֮£ڳԵëʹ˷˵ǣˡˡˡ
Ǻܼת󽫾˵СӾͽˡ
Ǻ˵
Ͼˡ͡ˡνԯޣ칲أ
ЦЦ˵Сϱŷˣ˻ûţĹѼɤѾԶԶҿϸߵ硭ҪȻͱһ竸ˡ
ҶЦ˲ʱѿ국ˣٽЦЦҾѾģ
ӣһأƤЦĵ˵Ϻ£¥ȾƣȻԼȵ²֪
ҶЦһ˷ۣѾϢôôͨҼҰ˼ϸ
˹ЦƵطõżϸ
֮࣬ҶЦֱ˿̲ʽǰλֻλȻȨ֮ңȴǹѾǽӴϣ·Ȼǻ춯£ֻͳҲ⣻üëҲЩ촽ЩϷ۾ƴһţȴǸĶۡ
ȵ죬ȻŸñӡ
ҶЦӼе֪һеҲ³ʱһͷͷһ룬һĿͷñӣҲ֮١
ҶЦ̾˿ѾģԼǰˣǸ֮ˣɵǣҲǸ⣡
Ҳˡ


3 쾧
ԭ˾Ǹ⣬ѡһѲ۾˾˲ĵԣĴñӣѾǸΪģϾȻһɫ
ߣǰҸ޼˵ҩ˵ʲôҲȥȥ˼üŪ۹Ц쵰һֱԣ֮һֱòǳˣôŹȴûᡭ
ȥףСҶЦԭڶŽ飬ʲôȤһȥ죿ôһ˵ȴʱ˾񡣼ϺȾƵļ竣òƾ޼һݣⶾµҲ˵
λ޼ɣԸӡȴҲǸˣȻҶЦ˲ơ١ȴǰ߲ͣǼƽ͡
ν٣ȻǱ塣
ʫƣ٣ʵҵܼԸߣнȥЦûûƤߡ򱱽ЦȮӣһݰϸڣϣȡΪˣܼ˳Ÿߣ޼ɣ⣬ȥˣ䵱ΪΣԺΣ˵ߣ
йء⡯֮£ȴǰʱ޼Ϊӻ޶ȣӹˣһ£ȻһöóˡǺ챦ȴҲϡ䣬ֵƽ¾ֻһǧӡΪү㱻Ҳ˱Ϊʵ۹һܼӡ
˰ܼҵһͷ֮⣬үҶЦ˲С١֮ͻȻӱΪܼеĵһˣĿӡȺס
ƽĶֻһǧӣĹ⾰ͻ˸һɶȻӻܼҵֶҲȷ̾Ϊֹ
ߣ˷ܵض۶ɢˣҶЦ˳Ŷȥ
һ·õõãҶЦЩӦˣΣȻԵã۲ϵ׳ȥһߴ鴽ĿŵôϵĴСϱǱͻɢӴܡ
һ·ǰҶЦͻȻһʵĸоֻ͵һ¡
ȴҶЦǰ˼ȴҲǧĶֻҪʲôĵرڸ²ʶҲоԼ͵һΡ
ǿص֪ջ˶ٺöЦܹЦӢֻۣ࣬û뵽֮Ϊƽ
ȻҶЦȴ֣׽簡ʲôöԼλݺЦģôһ
ƫƫԽǰߣݸоԽԽԡ
ͣµʱ򣬸һɽߵ΢оʵ顣
³ȥฮ⣡
ǹɸоǴ洫

ˣ쵰޼ƿڴǲѾµҩģЩŪӣ
һˣ޼ɾͿʼੲ
Ȼ˾ҶЦһԹѾ裬ĥ
ƽȥ˭Ҳ˭ԼҲҶЦ¹ӣⱾʲôôܸҩء
˵ˣǾ٣ȴģǱġ޼ڿ˾Ǻ޵
ҶЦȴȫȻûӵ̬ȣȫȫ˹۲档۾һһĿҿһϡ
棬һϣһӨӨʯͷʯͷֲ޹⣬ƽһɵ֮⣬ĺ޿ȡ֮
Ȼֻҵһͨİڼûеʲôö
޼λǱȥֺҶЦȫľȴ۲ⶫ
ſţҶЦһ󼤶ƣ
ûˣ
쾧裡
Ȼ
ҶЦû뵽Լ֮һδӣȻͿôһ
쾧ʵʵĴ˵е£Ż֮ͣǧҲֻһ磬˵ȵͼ򣬾ҶЦԭҲǿֻڴ˵֮еĺö
Ⱥöֻǳһ㣬ҲķᣬΪ쾧裬ֳ֪پ׶
ôԶԶ׽ȴȻͷôһ飿һ쾧ôɵ״
⡭ô񲻾Ǵ˵еıô
κһ˿¶ʹιȥ
һеƢʲôʲôԵ£
ٱЦˣ쾧裬ͬ⣬ˡ
ɲǼֻоϵһڱԼǰ
ڣԼΨһҪǵľǣһʲô취ҧһڣö࣬ҧһھͺá
쾧裬ӦǱϸһʲôڸĿ
оǣհڷλ
òฮҲûİʲôö
ֻҪⶫҡҲȫңֻһڣôֻǹһĩҲܹҵĶ̽ң˲ʱ
ҶЦм֡
ذ
ǹٶݺۣɶöܼˡ
ֻǣ⣬Ҹθ㵽أ
ǸⰡ
ฮɭϵķҶЦҶӳٽᡭԸڷϲһ壬͵òƶ
ҶЦ˺޼һɵ㶵ɵЦʲôأʲôأ
Ҳ˾ȡ
ߴǹལĻһ٣Ŀĭ׷ɿڸһתͷȴҶЦŲĿעɵЦǾȻһ˿Ŀˮ
ô£޼ɶǴ棺ôͻȻЦô
ιѣ
޼ɽҶЦǰȥ
զˣҶЦѹܲˬ
˵ҶӣҼҡ޼ɵ۾ɵ㶵ǵӡɶأб¶ɫһЦݺòãûŮˣ
ûŮˣôҹҶǿˡЦЦ۹ת仰ʱ޼һƿڴ
ҶЦ˼ͻȻһתһ
ˣ޼ɣ˵ǰʱ佫ȥˣļٵģҶЦգ۾ʵ
Բۡ޼ɶʱһס죬һĻ֣̿ѹٵԲ࣡ôʲôϹ¡֪ǺöǮ֣óȥһǮȻô˷˼졭֪ȻҵͷβġΪ¶Ѿˡ챻һ˵ɳ氡ҼҾͱˣǿǻ˰
ءءҶЦס죬òײתͷ˵鱦ҪһҡĶ棬һ⡭ٺ٣Ǹ࣬˵Ǹá
ԣԡⶫͷᣬҲҪȥμӵġ档


4 ûǮҽ
޼ɶʱǰһ漴Ȼ˵ôסҵڲ֪ǶССһö⣬Ȼֵƽӵ͵һǧӣѪ
˵˵ҧгݣʹ국ҳµһܼӰ¶˵ֻܴݺѪ̡ڿɵˣʲôȥ
ҶЦѹ˵ǺǺǡǮô⻹˵ֻ㣬벻
룡ӲŲأҾժԼʵ۹һܼӡñˡ֪Ҷժ޼ͷҧгݣֻԴϴ¶֮ҵ㻨Ǯͱ۹ˣԭÿӣҲÿӰƨ
ժ۹һܼӵñӡʵͦ׵ģֻǡϾҪΪ޼һܼӡˡ
ҶЦֹһһЦһظˬ˵ֻҪǮҿȽ
ģ޼ɶʱһҲһ󾪲
̫ѵǴӱ߳ģҶЦʲôʱôˡ
ģҶЦ϶ͷɫ֣ء
Ѿʲôͼ޼ɺɵĿ㣺һڴҵʲôɣѵĿˣ
ˣҶЦȻһĺı¿ηΣʹļ׵˵޼ɣС˵ʲôӵǺֵܣŰæҲð˺ôķգ˭֪ܼʲôʱܻǮȻңðɺðɣҹȥ
ҪǮ椻𡭡ˣߣҶЦŭվߣǴӴ˲ʶĵļһ
һ壬⵱ܷŹˢվ˸߲һ𣺡߾ߣǵѵĻ
𡭡𡭡Ҷ֡Ӵҵ׸硭˵ʱʱ죬޼һǰεıסҶЦһǸѽѽҲ˵һ仰ѽǺֵһӵĺֵܣ㻹ѽܼңϲ裡Ϻò裡ϼƷò裡ϱ´͸үүļƷ裡졭
һķԸ֮࣬ؽҶЦ˵е̫ʦ£һЦٺ١Ҷ֣ٺ٣Ҷ٣۹ֵҵĺֵܰǮҰ
ҶЦŶȣȥΡ
ǿɲܱѽ޼ɼҪˡ
ò˸ĻôԷŹ֪⼸¹ʲôӡԼңӶӲˡ
ߣðɡҶЦϾĴеĲҶЩΣԼ졭ȻдȻøѺҲͰһǧƽˡ˵ףǮպҪҵģû
ǵȻ޼ϲɫ漴üͷһݣҪʲôѺ㣿
ö˻ҸУֵܣҪʲôֵǮĺöɣҶЦŰۣø˵żеİڼø͵ˣ
޼ɶʱһ⵹Ǹ취룬͵ʲôȥأ
ĴתȻѾ׼һμ
ѽҶЦɸֵյܲ㣬һУöֵǮĶɶС
ҶЦôԵʾʾ֮£޼ڡéٿԵѺ
ɶѺѺǸ˼ֵҶЦĳ
޼Цúϲ£죬ͷʯͷڷ£ϲЦտȻ涼үүڷŵĶϲһҲνֵܣ˵һֱˣѺʲôǮ㣡
޼Ǻơ
ҶЦüͷһȻʲôҵʲôˣҾڰ㣬ѵ̰ͼôһ㶫ô֮ҿԣ⣬أҪǽˣǾǻ¸ˣ
¸
޼Ǻݺݵĳ鴤һ¡
˵ٶƵá
ǸīɣϲչɵĸоҶЦָͷĵһ㣬ģ쾧衣
̫˰ɣ޼ɶʱĵĸжҶЦİҵæѽıȻѡһεģģǰôûء
ˣ֪ҵˡҶЦⳤ˵˭˭ֵܾӦûæˣ¶ɵñܣһ֪ôǮҽǮǸģҿ鷳ˡ
Եķģһؿƿ޼ظ죺ô
Ҫھ߰ɡ޼Ψҹζ࣬ʵ¡
ҶЦǳ⣺˵ܲܳӣô˿ҴҰᶫǻôܣ
ǵǵġ޼ɴҶЦϣһƻʱˣٸȥ
˼ƴƣҶЦ޲ڣʱҾǹսǴ㣬˳㣬ҲѽƱӸ
޼Ҫľ仰ʱϲЦտοǶлֵˡֻҪܹһָԭλҾͼִӻˣģ˵
ˣҪǲ㣬ܽôǮ㣿ҶЦ޼ɹһɸõ˼
һߵۿһĻӼֱҪ˳
̸ףҶЦ޼ǧл֮УӹĻ֮£Ȼ뿪ฮ
ϣ˰˶Ѿ߳˺Զأú޼ĿеĶ

˵ҪǮô˻ɵĿҶЦɶɲôĵ˰Ǵ˷ڣСһɡ
ʲôС֮ģ֮ΪҸһַڸ֮ôҶЦ״Ŀˣֵȥ׼һƱã
Ҫ޼ɣԼҵòƲ
ðаȡɶ˵ɶ׼һƱȻСӣƾʲôһȣĥζɲǼըˡ
ˣҳǮ
ƾʲô
ɣ㶼벻ףҪǲ׼㹻ĽƱʲô޼ɰⲻڵô憪£
ҶЦŰۣòġ˹вˣҪǲƱʧˣҲûϵҾͰϴ޼¥Դ׹ƨ㡢¸үүְӲ̼𱬣Ҹɴֱ֤¶֪˵ĴСһǣ£
㣡һû˹ȥֻĶ۶ӣ׶ѪؽеҲ̫˰ɣҪҵ
ޣССʲôٷϻˣٲ棬Ҿ㣬ûأ
ãһѡô˼˳û


5 ֣Ҿֿˣ
ҶЦŴ˶ĽƱһ·ļǸԼĵص㡪ฮСӡ
ҶЦ˴Լһ·̵ʱҹɫٴأĿһƬڰ
ǰ治ԶฮˣҶЦ־ЦЦԱ߶תƵǰĿĵصСӣոչչǽǣҪСյʱͻȻһëȻĸо͵
ҶЦȻͣ
һΣУ
ǰ޾ΣʮǧԲκεĴ
ĵرĸӦ񣬶ΣĶϤǾ޲
һΣոоôȴԼıȻǼΪյľء
ҶЦܹо˷дĸ߸Ϲ
ԼλãȻȻһĵ㣬λá
ԸҵģҶЦüͷ漴ҡҡͷӦðڻûʸôʦڰɣҲ̫˰ɣ
ͬʱԱСﴫһⲽһ૵ҶЦǼһﲻ᲻ɣˣҰɣ
޼ɵ
ȻһѾˣѾȵý֡
ҶЦԲ޼Ȧס
ҵȷҪǶ
оǣ޼ֹ䣬ɵ춯ܰЩǱȥˡ
ҶЦһѸٽ뵽СС
㡭޼ۼҶЦʱ˷ܵһܴߵӭ
ҶЦæס죺ô
޼۷Ź⣬˵ͱס޷˵ȴͷ漴һ˹
ҶЦô򿪾֪һ쾧裡
һϰˣһжᳵ·Ȼô˳ؾ͸͵˳
һǧƱǵðʱ黹ҶЦӹڻֻоһ޴ҸϮ˳־ͽƱ˹ȥ
лл޼ɵˣֵܣǺֵܡӽԺҶֵҵֵܣҡ
òѾ˵
뵽ԼܹܿӴԼڼﲻٱүү׵ɳ򡭡޼˲ӯأĸ
Ŷţ⾩ǵһܼӵͷܿҪժˣ֪ʱѹôѽĺô󰡡
ˣ㻹ǸϽȥɡĻԺõŵʱ˵ҶЦõ֣һ˿һʱ䶼Ըͣˡ
̫Σˡ
ң޼ɸȲ뿪ֵܣȺˣҷˣǿɵúúúȶپơ
˵ŴŽƱһ̵ľˡ
ܷʱүһҲסֻļǡ
˸ȥҶЦҲס쵰Ȼܵû졭
ô˵ĶڵˣҶЦĵظŰ쾧裬ҪתߣϽ뿪Ƿ֮ء
⣬ԺһǿѣоϮҶЦɵͣסӣַһΡ
ݷڵĶأ˿̾ȻЩѹƲסơ
ҲǰѶѹȥˣôͻȻɣ
ԺеѣǿңҸһеĿ
ҶЦԾѣûעһ㷴ȴҲҵҧҧȡһǣӻȡһذסû취˿ֻܵˣȻʱзĿܣҲֻһ˵˷һҲ˵ˣһԱΪǰᡣ
ذ˲佫쾧ʿͷľȴǼӲҶЦĿǰȻǳ˳̵ȴҲֻǿһ㱡ķĩѡ
ȻôӲҶЦΣһͷȽһĩȥ
ҶЦʶ쾧裬ȴûнӴûзù⻹ǵһ֪쾧Ӳ֮ߡ
ֱӲˡ
һĩȥ˲䣬е쾧ͬʱһһŵĿҶЦһڣֻû̩Ȼ󡭡
ԺиһҵѣϣƺмɫĴԺһһ̡ĺȻһ᣻쾧ͻȻʧˣ
ڲ飡
ǰ쾧ôûˣƾʧ
ҶЦɴ۾ôһ£оĳǱʲôȥˣ
ȻҶЦΪʧҲԲԼĶ֪
ûʧǽԼ棡
ôܽԼ棿
ôһ鰡ôȥģǽȥأ
ҶЦһʱЩˣ޹ϵĲԾûü鿴һµô£ͻȻ䵤һӿȵڡһӳ
ǰ󶥶ֻһ˲ѣҶЦ˲ʱ󺹣֪ĺȫܿƵĿ񱩳ҶЦ൱ǳظоԼľڴĲţͽ͵š
»ˣҶЦ֮
ΪдмҵҶЦԼһʲô״ͻĺôľԲǺ°Լʮа˾Ҫ군ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ʵ̫񱩣ƾڵԼˣٷ֮һ㰡ǰûӴⶫȻҲ֪书Чǿ󣬵ȴû뵽ǿϣ
ڵ볬ԼԭԤʮ࡭Ψһ֮ǽ֮йȥҪȻ϶군ˡǾ綾ûжԼǱϡ䡢鱦űˡǲ̫ԩô
ʱ򡭡
ԱߺȻһ죬Ż
һƬȫ׵ɱ߱ľͺǧһǰܼҶЦᡣ
ĵ鷢ˣԼǰĸоûฮˣ
Ȼڹϣ
ԼǰоЩˣǳฮǳԼ
ô˵ԼڵλòƾЩʵ̫ˡ
Լֳ״ҪһͷײҾ֮С
ΨһüģǽеİԼͷϣһ׵ͷס
ҶҪˡ
Һľ棬һϵҲûа
ɱԽԽǼңȻฮսѾӳ˹ʼΪ
һҶЦüͷһ壺һ̣Ӧǳ˵źš
ҶЦŸոߵӿڣǲ죬ʵ⽻壬̫ˣ⣬һͻĵ
ȴмѾ
Ե·ߣ˵кҲһֱӾǰεɱ˵
·ߣɱ⡣
ҶЦ¼ʱһݣЩź棬ȻฮˣЩ˳ָɴ䣬ҲһߣӦѵصɱ֣
ƣһɱ֣
ҶЦ˼ԷĵȴЪһ£ɱ飡
ŶǸǰ֮ƣһȻĿɫâԱߵǽƤ׷ѿϷ׷ѷ죬ƺҲи֧顣


6 Уģ
һҶЦδ٣˰Եĵɱ߲صֻ
ҶЦΪûУϵڣ˼ʿ˵ǵУһǧɽѣһԼϣԼͷſ¾ûκһĵطȫıֻ֫Ĳֶ£
׾ҪɱңһҪ֫ʬ
ҶЦŭˣŭˡ
ǡɴ˼ڵĿ޴й֮ʱΪ֮ʱҶЦܵǰһӣ˼ģ־һЦ˻ģƵзɡ
һҽ˻Ц
Цƾ
һֲ⣬ѲǰЦһȻȣ֮޷Ķãһе޴ӷӣܹƵзɡ
һͱԼһ
ֻ޿񱩵ҵ˷й;һ㣬Ȼǰͺ̵Ŀӿ
һɼķȻ漴һɫȻ
һ̣ҶЦȻһִԼֻصǰȫʢʱڣ
ЦӢ۵Цֻˣ
ۡ
һ죬ǳӰ͵ĵʽȻҲݲȥ屻Ŀ紵еڶ͵ľ֮£Ȼת޿ɵֵԼͷ
ȥƾȻƻҪ
˹ʣʧɫ֮࣬Ǿֵ˼֮£Ǿþս֮ˣӦ٣֮£һ죬ֻͬʱ۶ϣ顱һԼͷϣʱͷѪ
֮£Ӷ߷һ㵹ɶ顱һײǽϣֵ˻ѣӦԵõСñ
ҶЦһ֮Ȼ˾׵սֻͽֵأ
Ԫʦǣ漸˾˹״ɲǼ;ˣһӱ˵
ҵ𰡣񣬱ѾȫˣСһˣȻǿֲجһĴڡôʲô
ҶЦԾУΪղһ٣˼ȻûҪѣһߣڿһץһĨϡһҹɫۿɼһŤȻӿƾץһѽ
Ա
ЦУЦգ
һЦ׷꣡
нǡ漸˾һͬʱˣȻ֪У·
Ծˡ
ҶЦɱȻһ̤һ̳
һѤȻ֣漴㱬ͬҹͻȻһѤɫ̻ͬҪ׷ǧʱһ㣬һţ
һŹֵƺߣǰǳ֮ʺн͹۾ƴסʺ
һɱ
Уģͷ˱ҶЦԶҲ磬˿漲һΨһҴߣؿȴҲһӣأ𾪵ɫֵĿҶЦԭ㣡䣻㾹ȻҶǳ֣µһɱ֣ʥҲԲŹģ
ҶЦһ䣿˭µһɱ֣׽绹ôţƵﰡ
Уʥʲôʥʲôˣ
Ҫ֣һ󻼣ȴоղŷڳӯľ˿̾Ȼ糱ˮ˳һ㼲ɢȥΣղŵļޱȴҲһŷĩ˳ȥ
Լʼǲܳ־á
û˺֧֣е֮ʧҶЦһȵϴˡ
Ц£䣬ǾǣǼǣ˱ڹ
ԽǷϣȴԽ϶϶䣬ԨsŵĸַȣԵĳַ񣬲ǵһɱ֣˭
˺һ䣬ɽˮ꣬ţӵ𣬼ȵĿ־֮£ȻǱһҹɫʧӰ١
ҿɱûٳ֡һ亹Ǽһ
ܵԽԽ
˵ؾ
ȴ֪ҶЦҲڰһңɱûٳ֣Ǽһ
ҶЦжϣݵɱͷʵΪһ֮ڣڸղŶԼ֮֮ϣղŴŵٶԼ֣ԼЩ޷Ժ
һ㻹δȫɢȥԵйȻ㣬ǿԣֻҶЦӻȰһ˲ʱʧڵء
ǰЦĳһЦģ
ҶЦһȥʮɣˤڵأͻȻѾ丵Ҳޣ
۷ʱڵЦȫչһЦ˲Ųʮ·ڣȴֻмʮɣ֮
ҶЦȻЩȻЩ㣬ܹ㿪ǸѾ֮ϲ˵ΪҵҲף֮ƶ֮ԼġһЦġУԼĿǰ״̬ʵڲѣоڵҲ̫΢ֲ״ۺϵһƶŻôġ
Ӳ֪ǣղһξƾŲƳʮɵǵмУ¿һӶ
ҶЦӸӲ֪ǡ
ʱ˿̣ҵģѾֻةฮۡǣȫѾ
˺˻ʿ˴֣չ̺ʽѲ顣
ץ̿ͣ
Ҫô̿ˣ
ϸϸĲ飬׼Źκο
ɱ©
ǴһΪ㣬ʼԴ㣬һʯ䵽ƽĺˮУɢȫǷ룬ƾ֮
ҶЦߣ㻹̧ǿ֧Լڴϣֻ֧صҵһ̣ѾǾƣߣСָͷҲ붯ˡ
˵һ·ʿ̲ؿ֪ٲҶʶλ򱱽ҵ竹ӣһɫһŲ鸡ĵﻹʲôȤ
̿ͣҲƲὫȰܼӳϹν£
Ц߲Ÿյſڣһŭȵ㵽ȥˣʱ򣬾ȻĴ죬Ҵ㰡
Ȼӯŭ⣬ȴǽöȴһŮ
ҶЦѭĿȥֻԼҵ棬ŮͤͤվһͣݺݵĿԼֻǷŭ̬ȴݵĽοˡ
ſӣˡ
ҶЦ˲ʱͷƤһըӳм̶֮˽⵽ǰŮλϵףԼδޣүŮǵҹ¿
ţвǺôھȻԼһӶʨʲôء
ҶЦûüӦͱһֻС־ס˶䣺㻹ҽ
ԱߵŮ͵͵ЦҶ˾ôŶǱֵק˴š
ЩҶЦǱʱʵǶסˡ
˵쵰ʲôȥˣҹ¿ŶҶЦ
¿ˣһζֻλҹ¿ܽأüë䣬峺̵ͦСӣӣС죬ͷͷһ£ǰʣеëʫ续ŮȻǿɷζ״ӣȴҲһһľɫ˶ǧɷ


7 ˫һ飡
ҡֻǳȥ˹䡭ҶЦĽ͡
Ľͣʵ̫
ڶԸŮһ˵Ҷ˱ԭ竹ҶЦɲԶˣǰҶǴͯӹһ֮УʹûܹʲôȤ˿һϲòŮԼǰһʱȻЩԽᣬòͷǺ
ۣ
ҹ¿־ҶЦͷϴ˸ȵȱҵʱȻȥҹ䣿֪֪쾩ǳˣҹ䣬û׼һСľͰԼСˣҶ֮ǰǸһӣҹܽȨҪǸҲһӾͳ㣡
ҶЦĵõвһӳŶԣ
ȴһɺȤӣôǳɶˣ
ҹ¿˺ߣһתȻЩֻζ˵ฮʧˡһϽȥ˺öඪ˺ܱܱܶĶڱ״ڣǵӶŽϣ׼ȫѲ߲̿ͣ񡣡
СѾͷȻٺٵЦЦȻƺоʧȣҶЦǰҲԼġ󡯣Լϳɳص˵үһΣʧأҪ߲ʧۡ
ҶЦһת֪֪ൽ׶ʲô
ⲻ֪ӦúҪǣҪŪôĶô
ҹҡСԴ
ҶЦĵⶫ֪ʧûй
˼ȥĵлỹñĶһĵܣԷһһ޼ԼҪȥأСĲʻ괬
Ҹ㣬ᣬСӲ׼ȥԼ˼ùȥ棬Ҫȥˣ϶ҶУٹĻᣬҲ׼ȥʱҲȥòסûû
СѾͷצвһ٣ҶЦͷŴ⣬վҪˡ
ٳţͻȻͷЩԹҶЦһۣȻĵȥɣˡ
漴̾˿Ͳŵ˵һʵҲôᡭҪһЩĸЩëöá
ҶЦĿ£ҹ¿˽ӣҹɫннԶ
ģҶЦоСеһ˿εꡭ
ĸ֮ý֮ԣŮԼѡȨСѾͷȻ֮ңԼĻ£ҲԼ
Ȼиĸ֮ҶЦôҲҪ޸ҶЦġ
ƫƫλδһ竣ֻͽκεķݡ
Ҳܿóҹ¶ҶЦԭҲȫȻ飬ϾСһ𳤴󡭡ҪȻҲΣյʱĲ£ǰػ
УеŵζƣҶЦҲ̲ס̾һȻһĪһǰδе

ص£оݷţʱоƣ˶Ϳһƣղŵı֮屾ͶͿˡղǿӦҹ£˿һиʱ͸еЩŲס
ڵǵ綾ûһڲϣԼ֮ǰ쾧ҩݣȴǽǶѹƵ൱ĵزֻһܽ綾ȫƳ⡣
ԽԽãҶЦƽϢ涯ڲ֮ǰļޱȻ쾧ĩ˾ųɾţкһڲνţһҶЦܹգӦõĳ̶ȡ
ҶЦھлؽ綾סһ˿˿쾧ҩλۣҶЦĵΪ㣬δ̵ġڤĶԣɵľ˳žɢ
׽繫ҩҽľ綾ȻôһϡţֱĸֿȻᾪһصӣ
ڣҶЦһͰľʹһ죬ۡһһŨŨĺɫѪݵȳζ˵ϣ
棬Ȼ˲ʱһƬ
ˣڤĶԣڳˣ
ҶЦһʱֻоɣĶɾˡ
һ̵ظݡ
Ӵ˺ڿԺúõ˯һˡҲʱҪĵˡ
ҶЦɵȥĴú˯һָ
Ȼһ̣ҶЦ͡ˢһӴ
Ϊһ£͸оԺг˼֡
ɫ֣
￴أҶЦ˲ʱԼյõ쾧ʱǰҲֹһѣΣƺֹɫ֣Ȼ쾧ʧˡ
ҶЦæŵԼȻȻ֣Ȼܹˣ
ңʶڣһǿҵ
ҶЦ֮ȻЦĳȣҲؾˣ
ʶУһƬ֣ϷȻһŹâɵӡ
һŵɫɢ
⡭ⲻʱȥ̽գеõǿôʲôʱҵʶ֮Уʲô
ҶЦɴ۾ȫ֪ôı仯
һͷð˳ĪǡǰһսұӦȴȫɵöֵã
ֻǡ쾧裬ɲɵҪʲôԪءŽһķã
ҶЦʶ㲩ãԼڲ²ȻΪĵоųɵİӦþǲ¶ˣ֮⣬һжû͡
ϾԼˣôĵ鶼ˣʲôǲԳֵģ
ҶЦĵ׸оһ¡ӣֻ²̫򵥣
ǹã򵥣
ߡпܣǰûϵ۷֮;ӿʼ
ҶЦЩ쿪ţȻ֪Լ뷨ЩĵȴֳֿΪ飬Цļʶ㣬ҲǴû˵
ҶЦöʶеӣȴǰ˼⣺Լ֮еõģȻôһ춯صı֮ǰôû֣
ʱҶЦͻȻоǰĺȻһ
ƺһֱӷѿصľ޴磬ӭ
֮ȴһƬף
ʱҶЦֻоһԺУһͻȻ
ԽԽ𽥵ķ֣е⣬һӣ
һ̫˼Ͽա
һתͻأʮȻ֣بǰ棬ڷ⣡ֱҶЦУ
ʹ࣬һ̾Ȼ漣һȫʧ
˫һ飡


8 ϴ
Ƭ֮ʮ־ԽԽСڲ˽ȥ˵ǣҶЦľƺҲһ֮ڲ˽ȥ
ӷǴҵڣôܰ˽ȥʲô״ҶЦ󲻽ͷ߲Ÿո𣬡ݡһʶѾһĿռ֮С
ݵʧ֮࣬ҶЦѸٻָ򶨣ĿĹˣȴһƬ֮УȻһ޴ĹΡȻ
·޴ɵĴţտҲƽ羵
ҶЦϸ۲֮ʱֻһһַǼ׹һ˴ߵĿտյϣ
죡
漴еڶ¡
ҶЦѾ׼Щͬʯһ㣬Ƕߵ麣ǸղԼġ˫һ飡ʮ֡
漴һڰһֵ֡
أֻһס˭
֣컯֮֮ʹܻ飬ǳɽ
һƪ
ҶЦſţֻоЩͷԷ¡ռⷬòǿ̫һЩɣǳܶ͵ģ
ǡܰɣ
Ϊ˭ʥܣ
һ̣ԭմźȻ
һŨ˼İôӿ
֮ȴһͨ
ҶЦҪٲ룬ͻȻһͻأسǰ
ţһ
ҶЦסǰнŲȥ
ֻ˸֮ʮֺȻֱ֣ШԼԺһ㡣
ף㻯泾
ҶЦֻоͷصһ
һ׵ĻȻǾעҪĴУȻ󣬾ֻһ·Ϊף
ܳɹôͳΪһƬ

򵥵˵ǣɹ
ֱǿ̵˼㡣

û˿Ļء
ҶЦվһᣬж͵һУ㲻ɹҲվս޺ΣľΣһֻǲľһ
ɹңף
˫֣ôʩʩȻ˽ȥ
ܹâ˸ľ֮ǲмٿһۡ
ɾ͸£ľң
ֻͷѪӿһԵĳ嶯
Ȼˣ
ţ
ǵŰɣЦܿͻȥģ
طľʾʵ̫ʺҶЦԸ񣡡ɹ촷ۣ
ǰôģ
ֻǣڵЦߵҲ˵
ȻտĴϷһֻһ쾧˶ذмλãԻɢһŨе֮УеҲڻĽ쾧衭
ҲµĹȻû˴˻̼γĳֹѭҶЦ⡣Ȼ⾿ôһ£ȴܹóڲҪ쾧ΪĶҲ˵
ҶЦҪ쾧óȴԼͽӴ
ôʲô£ҷѾĻŪĶͷȻһˣҶЦǷ߷Ȼ
ȷ˴˼顢쾧֮ҶЦٴ⻷ȴַ֣ԼȻ߽޴Ĺ֮УʵҲֻںСķΧлΪԾŨİ֮Уֲָֻ˵ǣ֪
Ȼ䣬Ȼ𡰵һ죬ĺĳӣ𡭡
ҶЦ͵סˣԺƾոһơඥ𶯣Ըоһ죬ƺѾԼԼֻǧ
ǧ£һ̻һĨ⣬ҶЦǰٻ
ʵλãʵڲ飬׽
֮ʣͻȻһԴĵͳ𣬽ʮ֣
سʼΨ
һŨ˼ɢŰ쵹âͻȻ֣ŷѸײڶ֮ƣҶЦü֮䣡
˲䣬ҶЦֻоһͷؽᣬȴͻȻһƪ
컯
سʼΪ֮ĸ񷡭֮Ϊ죬תһ̨壬

񹦣
ҶЦƷУƪھƬ֮󣬾һͷ
ЦǰܹټͷһΪνʥϰĹȻҲͬСɣʶȻҲǳ˿ɱȣҶЦҲⲿ񹦡ǷǿٵصĵһԼ֮ǰĴȽԶԶͬն֮˵һ죬һڵأ̧̫ٴˣΪ߸Ͳһϣ
»ֻǿһƪԼо˴ޱߣġ
ڴϣȫעȫµĹ·һһ飬ԦŵǿԪȫµ·š
֮ɢҲľۼҶЦ۶壬ĵ֮С
棬ոս쾧裬ԾڳϵطɢɢռԽԽԵʵ
ҶЦһһҹ
ҶЦǵúԼȫµĹ·һǧŰپʮŸʱͻȻ䣬һƺͬԼ꣬Ҳ˲һ𶯣ȫѨͬʱſһ㿪ʼӿ˽
У֮ӿĺͬʱһɱ޵֣֮һ͵˼˿ߣҶЦľ
ӻ쾧ںϳĵһ˿
˵һ뵤Ϊһͨ˿ߵĻôһܵǧ˿
νɷ֮
֮
ҶЦҵĳ񹦣ԽһճճҺںڷ
ҶЦԾ˿ȫ֪Լ彥࣬гĪܣ
µ״̬г״̬
ϴ裡
֮;̤ϴʼһһ㹦Ҫ쾳ϣܹĹЧ뷲壻ɱɾ͵
񹦣ڸո֮ʼͿʼϴ
ԼεǼ񵽱ˡ
ƪƪԣ˿ٵصĵһԣ

峿컹δҶЦҴҵ߳ţͨһ
һ߳㱻ķÿŵþʧĵҴܡ
û취ҶЦŸոմӾȴȻԼֱһӣޱȣ
ԭȵӵ治֪жٵ۹һξųϺһ㡭
ҶЦоòƤҲЩۻĶסˡ
һ꣬һѣʵʵġһ꣬һָͷô֣һ߶೤֪ĻΪҶԼץסһС㡭
Ũĳζӭأܹ˳ȥŵ޲Ż
ζʵ̫űüͷ鿴ȴҶЦֱ˳ȥûϴ裿ǹ
űĶӡ
õģҲ֪ϴ裬ǣһ컹ûϴ裬̫Щ֪ϴ裬֪ĻΪڳϴء
Ҷغܴ൱Ĵ
ȵҶЦȥʱ򣬻ͷһĴ㣬⣬Ű׶ƤˮϣһһϣƴغϿյʿ
Щ˵ȻδԲꡭ̫ˡû·


9 ֵӣֵĵ
ҶЦʩʩȻش·ֻûɣνٵصһ񹦡񹦣ţ
ͨĹһΪϣʱһƬ΢΢ĵɫâ
ԪһƷ
ҶЦһ֮ϲ
ҶЦѾ֪׽磬ǰڵͬǴԪ𲽣Լǰ˵Ԫ۷塣ҲĶΪ
׽磬ȴǴԪʼ
ԪԪԪ׽磬ֻƷסԪ֮ϣԪ
ԪƷ·ΪӢ;ԪɽһɽһɽѣԪغһһ죡
ԪһƷؿɳ帻ţ·زˣ
ԪƵǸ֣һߣѾɾ͡ԪҪһͬԽɽ
ԭڣѾԽνˡѾԳƵǸ֡ҶЦȻеЩմմϲ
ǰԼԪһƷԪһƷһʱ䣬ڣȻֻһ죡
ٶȡҶЦ°ͣʱЩյġٶȣֱǰҲ벻ġ
Ȼ֪ΪŵĸҶЦҪΨˣ֪ѡ
ǰҶЦȻѧϵѹ֮£Ҳ಻ҲԪƷΪ̵ģֻλҶڵԪˣȴʡ
еӾͺáȻӿȥǻҶЦãʲôƽˡ
ԣӣʲôĹܣҶЦ²
Ϊľ֮࣬ҶЦȤģȴ쾧裻֪쾧ǻûôʹأֻǵؽӿռ䣬ɢԼϴ裬̥ǣң߷ϲһһٳ˵Ԫһذ
ҪǡٶһЩǡٺٺٺٺˣ
һٶȽռ䣬ҶЦ;ֱ˰쾧ĵطͷţ°زءһ
뵽ҶЦһץ쾧衭
֮ǰȻذ׶и裬ڿеԪΪҶЦĥţôҲܰŪӲ˰ɣ
ǡ
䣡
Ϲ⺷Ȼһ
ҶЦصˤ˵ϣƨɼˤɰ˰꣬һʱʹˣĿɿڴ
쾧һ۾Ϳˡ
ǿɼҲ
ˣԼղҪóʱͻȻϹһԼͱɡ
ʲôǧŪģԼĵϣȻܿܶ⻹ûҶЦƨɣһľʡ
ĵΣԽһ
ûͷҶˣòˣ
Ÿ߸ϵ쾧裬ҶЦ̾ûģŪģԼĵ̣ҵĶȻҶ㡭ӿռ䣬㻹
֮ҶЦ̱˿ռϡ
ˣԼȻԽŪԼΪʵ̫ͣû֧Ȩ˵
ҶЦԼҲ֪쾧ĺöʹãҲίʵ̫ˣȻܹڼ̵ʱڣԼΪһȥȴ൱ϾͨⲻȡѴﵽ֡Ϣľ硣
һϦ֮ƽƵջȴκ˶޷ֵġðɣֱܿܳԣ׵ûˡջһ˵ˡ
ˣطܹһռҲˡҶЦ˶ΣԼοԼ
Ȼ˳ռ䣬ץסһӳ͡
УҶЦ˿ӣɵͷ
ѵ̫ˣ
ǾͻСġ
ҶЦץһСʯͷֻüô
òƻǲУ
զأҶЦˡ
˶ȥˣôôʯͷȥأ
ԣ
ǷüΣֱϵµһ̺͵ʱ˷Ӧ
Ҳܹռ䣬ǡ
ˡҶЦ仯񾧣ЩЦá
˻߿зֱ𣬵ȴԸо񾧱ƺûиıʲôСδ䣬ʵѾûˣ˵Ѿʵ廨ͷпá
ѵ˵ռֻԸ߼¡ҶЦеˣҲ˵һصıֻйһĵΣŻСΪ˺ĵľ֮⣬ǲϱ׼ܽ룡
ҶЦ°һһﻹͦʳ
쾫飬ﻪ챦֮׳ռ䣬˫޾ռ䡭Ϊ޾ռһ޾ռڶ赽ڶءҶЦڷƯǽϵһλ
֮ҲǸҶЦöЩöӿռ׳ȻŻᷴѭһ
źߣ⽴ϵΡ
ҶЦüͷ񹦲Ÿոţһضﲻżѡ
Ŀǰڶء֪Զء
ԪŲżˮ׼ڶҲǺ½Ԫʦ۷ɡ
һ⣬һأ
һ⣬жߣ
⡭ҶЦһ
ǰ;ããԼĵ·кܳܳ˵
ô˵񹦣ǰԼĹ϶ǿǧ򱶣ΣҶҪ֮۷壬Խ۷壡
ڵĵ֮ǡȥôĵر
Լͷģǿ񾧲ǿ񣬶ǲּ񣬲Ҫ̫ߣ
ʲôңȴʲôȥŪĵرҶЦƵڿռһ̾Ҳ˵ڵĵرֻҪǳˣͻᱻסϹˡҲҪòȥװΪܹǿȻԿȥڲСϺһΪƿռȥЩĵر±һƨܱˣ̸ʲô׳ռ䣿ɸΪ֮Ϊ֮£
֪ǲǱĳİԹĵˣռڣ뵣һ󶯵ͻأسһĵͨ
ҶЦ״һ£ղŴǷɧû뵽ռȻ˻ظ
ѵ̫ˣԣǿռ
˳߽ȥһֻھͷһͨɫ̨ӣ̨ϣһм䣬һš

޾ӿӿŵУʣģȵӿȥ
ԡѼҶЦ̨Щơ
һŵ
ңȼò΢һЩѣ˫ƵҲôˡ
ʲôأҶЦҪһ֣ȻȻò֮¸ɴΪȥá
ۣ
ҶЦ
òȻò
ССһҶЦΪҲǧ֮Ȼò
ҶЦԲӡ
漴ͻȻĻȡ


10 Ʒ񵤣
ѵʲô޵ĵǽ֮ˡ
ɲǼ䣬ҶЦȫ޵㽡
̫Ҹˣ
۹ʵһ֪߼Ŀռ֮һɫ
ǳޣ˼ɣ
ٿ̨ӡеĿռＯУȻʣģŻ
ԭõȻֻŵϡĲдƷҶЦһ
ǲ֪ɶʱܽŵҶЦһ֮࣬ϸɫ̨⣬ûʲôľϲ
ҶЦҲ˵ϲ½
̨棬һСɫ̡棬ʮŵԲĵҩƶһСȻһ㵭İɫΡ
ԭԪҶЦʶ㣬ˣβʶⶫ
ԪҲʵ㲻ʲô˲Ķ
ֻǣԪƷǹߣӦ߼ˮ׼̣֮ǵûаҩʧҩ̲ϣѳҩķ뼫ޣ
ǰԼ϶ô߼ˮ׼
ֻθ߼ԪʼջԪѡ
Ծͼĵҩ
ѵǷҵĸҶЦĽʮԪװһƿ̾ĳ˿ռ䡣
ҵǹǿŵʣµĲдƷЩҩȻͼĵҩû˵ˣ

ܼңۼһжǮܶö٣ҶЦŹܼҡ
ܼЩΪѣǸϵǮȻүģֻǣٺ»ԼһЩɻ񣬶;ȣүģЩԼĹ
֮Ȼǣ˸ģ䡣ЩҲͱµˡ
ҶЦ˵ۣ̾
Ҳ֪Լλϵ˵һλѵõĺ˾󲿷룬ӼսʿЩмľʿ
ңʵû̫ӯˡ
⻹Ƕ֮ǰҶЦΪһҲͲһƽӡϴν޼ɣѾǧ
ʣһǶթ˳ġ
ҶЦһᡣ
ˣøʲôʲôȥɣԼһᡣҶЦӻܼ֡¡
ҶЦ˰죬ǾԼһӣΪµЦ˹ıһԼĳ࣬׾ٵģοۿǡԪš
ԪȻԼ㲻ʲôö׽磬ҲһεҩˡΪһǲҪ˷ǴԼȥĲǡ
ֻ»鷳ϡ
һںڣȥʮ꣬׳˶
ҶЦ˿֮ӣž˰죬ҶЦĵͷִһңγɵڶαװ
鱦У
ҶЦվڳǳǰ죬Ѿʼææµµŵƽʡ
޼ҪĶҪġ
֡ҲǴҶЦæµˣüͷ˼һ£૵òҲиͨС֪ǲǸķ֧
˼߽ȥ
λ׳ʿ󲽡һɽӭЦܿʼ
˼ԣɡ
¡ҶЦɳ֪ܲӣΪˣҲǹµĳƷĵҩղգյĻתͷߣ
Ʒĵҩλü
ں½Ҫǧˣлһҩʦһҩʦ֮Умʳһʦ߶ɼ
οǼƷҩ
ˡ
λ˵ǵҩɷȡһۣλɽӹı˳ƺ׳ʿ
ҶЦһϻƿһΣһ϶Ȼ򿪡
˲ʱһɵ뵶
»ֻǸոŵһ㣬ҶЦѾֽӸ˻ȥˣȻо⣬ĵ
Сʦǰֻһŵ㣬¾жϣ⼫Ʒҩģ
ΪеĹ£Ǽʶ㣬ζջǵһԵ
ѰҩƷĵرҲ޴죡
ҶЦ𵶵̫ʦƷŲ裬Ųæһɴ
棬λѾҴҵеĹˣͨеһʦĵҩǻʵû
󣬸һ׺ӵߣ塣
մλ׺ӹº͵Цţǣ
ҶЦЦЦǸо۶Ӧûʦ˵Ӧóô߼ʦɣ
ǺһЦûô˵ˣ죬ֻ벻飬û顭ڳǳפ˶ʮ꣬˴ǵҩĻȴʮҩֹǱϷ
ҶЦ²صһ
Լֻ»ǵ͹׽ĵҩֵ
Ȼ絤ҩƽͨ
һǿ̱Ԫĵҩ˵һĴҲࣺôļǿߣ˭Ҫֶ϶ù
׽磬һĵҩȴԳ֮Ϊɵ
һŰٲȫ
һ彡
һŻָƣ
Ҫ˵ԼδԪƷʿνϳ˵ļƷҩ
ڴԤףһκ˵ͷˣȷǵҩˡҶЦҡǴ˴μ۸ʣСĴΣ
׺һ̧ϸĿҶЦһۣڵɫͷǽ뷿лûժĶңȴ֣֮ĵɽγƺ
ҶЦ΢Ц¡֮衣
ˡɽ΢ЦΪ
ҶЦͷȴûнһĶ˿̸벻ڶ׫һ֣ڴ֮ȴ£ڡںܾ֮󣬱һ˵ΰӢʡˬġ֮ʦȿȣԼʹһסҪӢġ
ֻǣҪȼʶֵ鵤ɽΣǿ֣кȴǲƴǡ
ҶЦ⣬ӻȡƿַϡ
ɽɫȴֲݣǼƷ鵤ƿӳأʱ¾˼ֻɣһ̣ƿùȥִƿڵʱȻӿһȴùɽ˲ʱɫ䣡
˫ֲţȴּΪصؽƿ˽ȥ·һһΡһһ
ɽһסҵֻһܵŨļ޷֮ɽѾ֪
Լղźܻɡǲмǰóµ뷨һЦ
⣬ȻԼһûнӴĵһ
漴һˣ죬콫ҵϾҵƿ콫ҵĵ졭漴תͷٵҶЦ֡鵤жöֻһöö
ڲʮͷ˿̾Ȼǵͨ죬УһЩȡ


11 һ
ɽ˺Ļͺˣ˱ܵüһöѾңԼȻϣͼṵ̈࣬Ĳ㣬ǣ˱ֹһöǺε£
ҶЦ״һȷ˵мҲûϸӦСʮŰɣûкһ£ĵûɶöôôķӦͷҲ̫û㶨˰ɣʼδ
ɶףʮţûϸɽۿֱҪһ㡣
ҶЦ޹̯̯֡
ɽҪˣȶ컯ĺöȻʮ֮࣬˱Ե֮ȻҲϸղأû
νǣ
⡭ǡεȰܼӰ
ǵ竰ܼӣһȣֱǴĺúˣ
ˣǲܱȰ
ɽ촽ţתͷ𣺡áöʮƿ
û취ҶЦֻܽһ֮ϡ
һȥˣ漴񱼡
ʮˣû󹩷ô
һҪжˣС¶˵ʹ˶˷롣
ʱɽҪʩϤȫ
ɽȡһ׵ëȽԼֲĸɸɾϾ̶˶ķǰó͸һӣϾϡ
󣬲ŽҶЦƿϣ͸һĿף档
һֻһ˫ֿȥȴܹصںһȷ񵤵˿й
ⶫǲĶߡҶӵĹ档
ȴ֪ĳûѹ϶ഫ飬ЦǧأվֶһʵӹȻǾȴǱȣ˱ӣһճ棬ǻ֮
ƿһ򿪣ζһƿУȻһɫŨɢ
ƣ
ɽɽһһӲûжյ
оƷ
ƷϣеΣƷߣβŻγɵơ
ΨгԽ˾Ʒ۷弫Ʒҩпܡֵƣ
ע⣺ֻпܣһ
Ҳ˵ЩƷĵҩҲпûеƣֻǶһ㡮ѡ
֮߱ͬһɢˣڶ𣬱ǧ
ǸԵ죡
ƣֻǴ˵е쾳磬Ī˵۵üû˵
񣬹ɽۼ֤Ψߴ˵впֵܳĵƣŨԼõÿ
ϣɽҡҽڼ˴˵еƣưң޺ĸʡ
Ҷеɵۣʲôҩô÷ħˣҲĸʣǵҩǶҩ
ƿбһŻƶСĵƿйµµ˳ڣϾϻһſһŽɫĵҩµ·
ɽֵı۾
ټˡ
ܲγͣϣ
һö˵ߵ˲пġ浤
ȻֻԪƷ࣬Щ˵еľƷʦҲֵø߼ȥоΪѾǵҩĽ׼⣬һֱָ̹;֮ţ
ǴԵһ˿˿ַɣҲһΰ
Ǳųʥһ̬ɽѸٵùһƿһԪװ˽ȥǵڶţڶСƿţСƿĿš
һʮţ
ɽ־ˡ
ȻҶЦղἰǹɽĵĲţȷ⾹Сơıĵҩһ¯֮УõܹһžѾǳЩһ¯Ȼʮȫ־ƷƷ࣡
֣ɽعͷһֶһҶЦΪе˵֣Щҩ̫ɫ㿪۰ɣЩʲôǮжҪˣ
󹩷
һߵλһ
ҿ󹩷˰ɡ
֮£Ϊеļʦ϶˶Էҩʵ飬ܵҪôһ£Ȼƴһ£ֳΪѲôĻٻٴ۰
ſھȻ˵̫ɫܶǮǶȫҪˡ
һԷۡô죿
ǺǣЩҲҶЦЦЦĿһߵĹ£΢Ц󹩷ȻǸֶѽǺǣ
ɽʱ⣬תͷȵȥ£й¶һ֣һϢй¶ȥСС
ǹŵŵĨ亹ĳȥˡ
ȻʲôҩƷȴϵ
ɽعͷЦǸû棬֪񵤵ѵáͺ
ҶЦ΢΢ͷ
ɽȻǺ׶ԷǾ仰˼񵤣ǻƷһȥѹۡôԷһˣתߣԶʧȥĻᡣ
ĻᡭԼ洫ʮӶǸһУҲֻԼ˵һζѣ
ܹѾȴдǾͱ˲еĲң
˵ԼǵſڴƻƣǾ񵤣ľƷ񵤣ȻҪѹ۵Ļ͵һӵеʦ
һȥɾĻˡγɵƵ㶼ҪѹۣѹۣôһĵҩҪô죿
ָղ˵Ĳʲô˼ʲô㣬ɷԣɽĵʵ漴һĴߴϲ裬Ϻò裬ϼƷò衭
ҵĴʵҲ򵥣ҪȡһЩĵرˡҶЦ̹׵˵ҲóⵤģҲóġ
ɽƳһۣţûк濾ĺۼҲûѬȾĺۼϸûʦеҩζͷһ仰ҪѿڶҲȿȣǫˡ
ʱջذ仰Ҳúˡǰ仰ȴɵҲó
ҶЦһ鵤Ȼġ֮ȴǲԸ¶棬κ֮˷
֮⣬ֻܽӴλˡ
ɽ˿Ϊ죬һᡢȻ̬ȾǸǫǣǣȴʦڵУп˴򽻵֮
ܵ˵ʦ࣬۴ʦεжУֻǣĵر׵ҩ֮¡ȷʵû
ɽ˵֣Ҳ֪⺮½Ľԭ򣬷¶ҪԽΪļֵ֮УлҪٸȡһġãΪ˰ʵڲ಻ٳʽףǡ
ҶЦͷˡ
ŵرĻôʲôͷʲô˰еһƬҶô
ٷϸҹ飬ǲġ
һˣеʸҲʹӴʧȥҪԹ˾
֪ô˵ǱˣβڽףȻǰ֮ǰǲòΪ
ҶЦ׹еĹѴǣλǰŹ֣£֮ڣҽеѴת˴νױضֹ룬ֻ²Ըɣ


12 ʯͷԼĽţ
ɽһ˽⣺ԼǣҺγ֪ʦϽڽ׸豾УĪۡţǿ취ػһ£ô
ҶЦüԣػأ
ػصʵҲۣǱһʽЩҩȻýμչĵرһǽԴϲ
ҶЦб࿴ζĵչĵرأ
ɽЦֶҲ֪ġЩȷø㡣ĵر߸ɿأ͢Ҳй涨ϽɣֻǣܹھҲԼ˽¼˶ĵرѵȫһ򾡲ɣ
˵ȻЩ԰ζ
ҶЦһ𣬵ܹ˵Ҿţֻǣʦ֮ҩɫΣֵܹ֪˶ĵرôңȻοԹ㹻ĵر´أ´أܹܲϣڽֻһɣ
ĵܳƵĵرģһж٣鱦еĵô
ֻƫʯ顢ǻȻĵر֮˲֥ȴֺγǣɽ
ҶЦԲ࿴һʱ
ʮ˲ζĻôĵرǲˡ
ҶЦҲûһξ͸㵽ôĶֻƣڹɽ˵Ҳͬô˵Ҳмֵֻⵤҩܳʲô۸չ
ɽԲпЦβŵһԪչļǮ԰ΪޡȻȻһȻҲԪȴƷɫȻѰԪᲢۣǹʡ㿴ʮһšΣ
ⶫôֵǮҶЦĵײɵþһ¡
ȴüԲɵĿ˵һţ
ɽɫ֣ʦ֮ԪǵƷȻֵõģҲֵΪ鵤Ϊ죬ǲ㹫ǴͻȥǺǣʱеĲóǧ򡭡Ǻܽš
ҶЦ޶ԵôǿչһЩչźˣʮţǮҡ
ɽΪ֮Ȼ
һ£ĵˮ©
еĹۣͬһƷһָʮǣɽ۸ͻۿۣϾƷһ࣬ϵͻֻ䣬ԵҩΪһżƷ鵤߿۳ɽһʮͬ鵤۴˵ε󣬼۸ҲȻִȵĻ䡣
ҶЦԣһŶʮǧ˵ȫнԭ
⣬ҶЦṩĵҩ⣬ƷεԪ䵤޳ɵ֮£Ī˵ʮţٶһЩļֵҲа㻬䣬ֻߣ
һɽ۸ȻҪԶԶ߳ģôԺҪռıˣɾǾòˣܵõŵķݶѾһݲƵˣ
Ҳãô졣ɽһҧŵ
֪ܹóƷ鵤֮˵ķֻҪźˣˣԺĻС
һǵˣԺɾԶûᡣ
ҶЦ߽еʱϾֻʮӰ߳еʱȴǻǧƱ
ֻһһȻѾǧ򸻺
ֻǶڹɽ͵һ켶ƣҶЦȴҲֱӾܾˡ
һģҲⶫԼֵֻһ֤
ҶЦıӰɽء
ⶫԼҪ֤ô仰󹩷ͷһ¡
⵹һλˡ󹩷ϳɾҶЦ֮⣿
ƬҪ˲뱻ϲ޾
ҪСһŹһݵֵ֣ȴҲһְ󶨣ֻҪһſôƵʱУͳ˽ѡ
һе󶨡
ȻҶЦϲַʽ
󹩷ҪôӰһ˵ӰϢֳ
Ҫɽأˡ϶ϲܹǵġһŭɱᵼ鵤·׶ϾĲпᱨ֪ͨܲƽϰɡ
ǡôһεᡭ
ڣɽһ֣ն˵ǰǼҩȻѾʸѹᣬµõƷ񵤶ԣȴԶԶĲʸˡ棬ʮУϢ֪ͨܲܲһٰռƻ¡
ǡ
ҶЦ߳У˼䣬ȵٴһ߳ʱѾǳΪѹӣò̬ʡ췭ظһĸı䡣
ԭǸֺġ֮衯ٶʧ١
ҪʼˡҶЦţһǧӣôҲܹһЩĵرɣУ޼ǼһơҲҪȥôҲõֲУһһˡ
ҶЦ˳Уȴ֪Ѿˡ
ңʹڵģȻ˳еԼ
һ·޻ҶЦص˻Ϳʼ飬Ͼؽ˽⣬ֻдҶЦǰ˽⣬ȱʧйش˽鼮źøǢؽ磡
ڵʱ򣬼һǰү
ôһˣҶЦΪ졣
ôģôôôġ޼ɻδ߽ƿڴѾ쳹˰֡
ƵҲһ·ô鱦ֱˣ
զˣôôܻģҶЦüͷһһĲ⡣
ˣ޼ص̾һһƨϣǸˣǡ
һҪϽ⣬ָԼͥλ޼˵ÿһ춼Ƕ꣡
òǮջıǮֻȲμõˡƫƫʱˣ
õϢ޼ɼһѪ˳ʹְյԼҪٰȥңʮ죡
Ҳˣˡ޼ᡣ
ˣôأҶЦһۡ
ҶЦԣҲǺϢϾԽμԽõĵر˽ռأʵ
֪ĸ˳̾ȹؼʱ̣Ȼȥ˼öƷ񵤡ĺö֣ܲãһʱ䣬ôʮ죬ѾǺܶˡϧˣ˵кҪأӣʮ˵ˣǸĶ
Ϊʲô񵤡ˣҶЦĿɿڴ
㲻ǰʯͷԼĽţ


13 ģȥ鷳
ҶЦ֮ԿٵĸǮΪһЩĵرռ䣬ڿɵãǮȻˣȴûˡ
ʮ죬Ƕ೤ʱ䣬ڡǶһʱ䣬ҶЦ뵢鰡
ˣҵʧ԰ôˣҶЦоһ£ʼѯǰȤĻ⡣
үӷѾǷ˺ü飬ǳǷণľԱΰǰĺãȫǿ޼ɵүү
ˣ޼һɫϣҲͱʬүү󣬿öණûˣʱ屩ŭ⼸죬ҴԺû˸Ҵ˵
ҶЦصʧԣӦǶ˼Ҫʲôɡ
˭˵ء޼ɰ̾ҴС󣬾ûүүôĻ𡭡ǣѾҼҸ췭ظˣүү֡
ҶЦŶһЩеĵǣүүû˵ĵǸʲô
ڣ˭˼Ұ޼ԩĽҵʱ˵һ仰ͱ߰˹ӡ
һߣ°Ȼ˵˵ʲô
ҲûɶҾ˵һ䣬ɵĲȥµĲүүſġ޼᣺ȻүүͲȻŭ˵ܼӣ۵Žʲôö͵˳ȥΡ潻ơǾͰҴһ٣
޼ɱߵĵ˵˵¶ɶϵ˵ǻΪ˿ο˼ңȴ޶˰˶ᣬⲻƽ޹ʵԼһô
ȿȿȡҶЦԣĵ׵Ц⡣
¸ºٺǺǡһԵȴζΣֻЦ
ڣеû¶ɣҶЦ޼ԭҶЦ˵Ƕͷţ˴˿˳ۣҶЦæ֮֮󣬷ҶЦĵĹѣǶ߿࣬˳㣬һپƺȡ
ҶЦ΢ЦţڴҹɫУ˵һʧԡǼ˵ʲôҲ˵һϻ⸣УǽʧȥģԺ󣬻õõĲ
ҶЦⷬ˵ĺȻЩζĸо
޼ɰ̾ףҶЦ仰˵ʲô˼֪һεĳŵֻǴͷɥ˵˵ʲôڿүүɶŵʪʪġȰԼһضȹȥ˵ɶôأǸó񵤵ĸұ֤
һ̾ޱߡ
ôףǸʲôˣȻûطȥˣܵˣҶЦ۾һߡ
ڣԼֺγһƤƣ
ҡ˻˵Լȴǲ˵ƣ
һȻԼǰ߿࡭
ҪԼ˵棬ԼΪǿ벻̣̣ϧȻ޿̣ǵ̣
ٺ٣ٺ١ٸҶ˵ϡ£ɻǵɢ¥ô޼ɺٺһЦ
ţҶЦĿкһ
ǸطԼôǣж֮أɢ¥
ɢ¥£ʮ˸ˣͷŮѾøɸɾ޼ϧ̾˿ʱ̣ӱȥǲǲѰ̽һȴû뵽ȥһȻȫʬˣɨ֡ǿϧô˶
ɶôˣҶЦüͷ
ˡ޼ɵͷҡΣӦѾ˺üˡþֱӵĽͷöˡ
ŶҶЦһĵ˺üˣǾͲΪฮʧԶǣԼ߲һжȷԼʱɢ¥ˣѾϤڣϾһп׷Ŀԣ
ⰵгﻮ֮˵ĺ̶ȣȥ˼
޼ɣ֪ɢ¥Ļ˭ҶЦ˵¥ӶˣӾȻͲʸȻ
޼ͷҶʵˣһͲȻ˵¥ӸСЩϵȴûʲôƾݡ
СꣿҶЦһ£Ǹ̫ӽ̣̫ӸܹĶӣ
ǣ޼ɺٺһЦС쵰ǰЩ컹꣬ǼүӸ㵽һĶѪΣ׼֮ã˵һҹΪ֮СģСӼֱǵε˼ӾᣡЩûϵǾ˸ĵطˡ
棿ĲκˣҶЦһ궥ѪΡʱ۾һ漴б۾޼ɡ
޼ɶʱ첱Ӵ֣ҶЦҪ㷭ɲǼͽԼ˵Ѫε¶ǵľ⡣
ЦͷϵñӼҲЦˣ˵¶ѵ˵ˣȥҤӣ˼عһβǱ棿Ʈλ˼˰ӣ˵ô٣Ǵﰡ
국һ֣޼ɶʱˣȥס˾һȭߡ˹ЦţŤһš
ԭ޼Ȼ竣ȴһİ˵ȣǲɶӵĪɻ䣬ү竹竣ܼҹܼңȴԻ֮ˣ̹Ȼһȱò˵һ׮¡
ã޼ЩȻ̾˿Ȼˣ˵񵤿ǺöеĺöƷеļƷܹ
֮Աǣ˵٣ͱ˰ɣĶǰղǵҲ𣬵ⷴڣֲȥ򰡡ЩӵܣԼͻͷġ
޼ɵͷ̾˿
ڳȻųǡ١òƺôͷһ㣻ļصЩӸУȴͲʲô
˴˸иԵȦӣʱҲల¡
˴˿˳ȴһġ
֮УҶٻǿһЩ޼ɻм磬ҲΪ˲ű֮֮˺ҶЦȴֻһ硭
尡Ҳ̾һ
ǧҡ޼ɺٺһЦּ廹㲻ңұԶҡҡͷЩꡣ
ﻹӵܣ˱ĵ˵
ѵͺõõȥˣ޼ŭĿӡ
ۿ˾Ҫٳ
ҶЦеͷǰδеĴ
ͣұ죬ҼңҪ뵽ȥţʵģǲȥС鷳ΣҶЦٺһЦĵѪΣɲܿϧˣ֪û취Ȼ֪ˣɱûŹ
СңԸԼжܲ˹ϵ
ð޼ɺ˶Ψ²ҵĺ֮ͽһ飬Ǿ˫˫޳ɣĶ֡


14 Ҿжˣզأ
񾩳ȻһƬ֮Уǣе°дСֹǧ٣һĶĵһΨ֮֡
ʵ׷ĳţѾһЩҪĵطѲϣ˿̣ʽʼЩ֣Ի復СǬ
аɣʼϸ
Щ֮ǰокаԵĵƦǣʱ˴ù
жһ޴ţǶ˶ôҪĶǰôˣȻںѲ飡
ͬʱҲһǰı꣡
һ£ڽбΪءֲɱ֯졯ͻȻ˿ǰĴĶһɱ֣׷䡣
ԭ٣Ҳʧȥԣɱһ¶ʵĿǾԵСҲ֪ʲôˣȻ֮˵ϣϤй¶˳
죬һϦ֮䣬ɽС
ǹ
ϴ󣬽صĵһɱ䣬ɱΧ佭ʹ˲֪١
ڶµȻǡƷ
鱦нʮ񵤣
Ԫڽи˵ǺֵǮĺöȻӦãڸ˵ô޵ý
еƵԪȴڴУ
ͼԪһ˵ƣǾǶ
κһλʦҲҪ񵤡
õ棬úõоĻ룬Լһ¥
Ǹɵĵ֮ڣ
Ըɼһ˲˾ǲ֣ףǣ˼˼ľͷŬϧһдۣ񵤸Ҵ
Ϊȷһʧÿɳһʦ
ֲ֪мţһֻһأ
񵤣ֻڴ˵е£θ˵Ʒôţ࣬ԴڽӵһϢ֮࣬һƬ˷֮дɣΪ˼ע
ھǻһƬƽ໹ڴѲʱ򣬸ɣң׷׳µķƣͻȻΪ֮
ָֻһĿ꣺ʵ۹ǣǳǣ
ɣɽɣƸţɽš
Щɣ׷׳Щ¶¶ԪǣһҲǰ׷ƮƮĽ
ҶЦ߸벻Լһ֣ΪֵһУȴϼ޻Ȼٵһɱ֯
벻ʱԼ׳ļŵҩֻԼԣЩŪһЩĵرԼ֮·ߵøЩȴ׽磬ټĺ䶯֪ȻǲһЩԵ͵ķʽ
ǰڸλ򣬸û֪ǲһŵҩ׾οֲӰ졣
ԭֻΪҪǮҲ˳ӳȥˡ
һ󶯵֮࣬ҶЦڻȻ֪ھС

˿̵ҶЦλСҡ
һǵС깫ӵѹǷǳģһСӦӲϾмܲסѹѾȥҸ׻ˡ
С꣬ʵ˵ɢ¥ǲ쵰µĶҶЦݺݶС꣬һĶթ
ԣ쵰ҶЦ¶֤Ψ²ңһҶЦȻܳôһǿ󡱵ɳﻹʲô٣ҵġ
СӾȻ¶ǺôĹ޼ɴһһ˸߲ҡ
ҶЦжҶЦĻӣ뵽Ȼġ˿̲ΣҪȽֽҪС˵
ҶЦҲһġҸûжǹ㡯ļƣټټټ档
СһСɷףҶЦ㡭㲻Ҫ˵˵ʲôʱ¶㡭㲻ҪѪˡ
ҵʱֳµĶǵֶҵۣ˵ۣҪȻҶЦôô졭
СһѪҪ˳ÿ졭¶
Ǿǣжˣôأ
Сó˵
ҪȻͰҷӲˡ
ɷһ㡣˵˵ſڴƻƣ˾ڼͷ鷳СּίҪ˳
žˣʲôӦ԰취
ҶЦжȷʵɢ¥֮С
֮УҲСڣСĸ꣬Ҳȷɢ¥ԨԴ
Ǳ
ڵȴǡСȻ竲ȴĲ֪ҶЦж࡭
ҶЦ٣֣ȴС޷мܣǾǰ㣬զذɣ
۹ְ˵޼ɼ࣬ҶЦ򱱽˼Ͻ˵ĹְСĸǵġ
˵䲻ҵĴˣ죬֣걳̫ӣҲ¡ΪҵĻ̫ôΪһܹܵͬʱ˫λԱ
ĹΣȻ¶ҶЦ졣
ɥȻҶЦ¶֤ˣĿã˸߲ҵĴһ
㵹ʩȻ¶޼ļһ䡣
ʦ棡޲磡˹ߣ˷ָȻҶЦ¶˵˳죬Ȼ˵źܸߵĻĻҪ֪ĳűȾ䣬һ붼벻ġֻǣʦ涼ˣòе̫ɶ˰ɡ
ҡûж¶ûа֪ʲôǶСѾƵÿҪ޳ʱСĸڼҴҵػؼˡ
һۿҶЦԼԺʱɫһ䡣
ȻҶЦ¶Ľ¾ȻĪһģЩˤڵأһҲʱЩɷס
Щٶһܹܶԣǲó֣Ҳǲֵܳʧ
궨˶񣬲ǰЦѽλӵϡͣԣԡϣλӵز裿ҽĴ֮
һ仰ȴǶԶ˵ġ
ҶЦעſڵĶղɫı仯ֹʧиԼһЦ
Сһı࣬˿ڼ˾ǣ֮ǰҶЦкˣȴǵ˵Ҹ¶Ҫжˣﻹҫ⡭ⲻǴ۸ô
кˣԲ
һ̣ɫֻ˵ǹŹ
ҶЦǰһҡӶб۾ͣ涾£Ҫи˵
˴ȤһĸǰһۿģҾ֤ӸҶЦµĶ˼֤ȷ䣬ô
С˵˶Ҷӣ֪Ȯ¶µʲô


15 թ
ôô֪ô¶ģµʲôӵģʵôү֪үǧľ͵ˡҶЦŭȥȻ˯һҹⲻǱ¶ʲô
أԲţȻ˵Ǳ˶˶ʵڲô򵥾û˰ɣȻû£Ǿû¶ûжŶ԰ɣǲ
С걾׻Ϊˣȴ׾ֹʧ֮ȫƽصƣʧ
ȴ֪˿еĪ𺳡
ϱ⣬ȴֹ˭˶˭˶ǲҩɽľ綾ôܱ˭ܽ涾
ҾжˣҼֳ֤֤ͬ˼֤֤뱸ݵôҶЦү¶ôҲҪи˵ҪȻǾһ£±үһҽϸ鿴㻹ôۣߡ
ɲءжʱһĵȻ֪쵰Ķ˭ģҩɾȵĶδؾͻûвһ汻ǲ군ˡҶǵðҼѪϴ˲ɡ
ֻǴ磬ôƲִҲˡ
һЦԭˣҶǾƶˡ
˭˵ҾƶˣҶЦŭǷжˣ
úúáжˡЦЦǣ֪ҶҪʲô˵
ҶЦһתͷˣʲô˵
ҲһҲһʱ֪ôȥգһ£˿ĭ޼һš
޼תҪʲôȴһʱ벻ҶЦͻأһüòһӣɶʲôš
ѪΣ޼ɶʱ֮ǰᵽϡֵĴһǼҽѪ⳥ҶЦ¶û꣡
ԣû꣡Ҷٱ¶֮Ԫˣûд֮ԸԭѾͬʮһ
̫СһСͨ죬һĶߵŴ쵰ȻҲҪթǼҵѪΣͷģСĴүһһġ
û˵ͱס͡
ͰҶЦЦ¶˲ɣ׽ţϷѵ뽫һôС꣬㵱ôĵӣȻҪıҪ췴𣿡
˺޼ɶʱһ壺С꣬췴ôǾ֤
С괭㡭ǡûҲ˵ˡ
ѪξѪΣ굱ϣȻλ˵ѪθҲ޷λȴҪŵ
һıίλСλǿ硭ӽԺȴĪҪʲôжΪҡһҲͰ֣Ժ󡭡֪ҲԣӼҲҧ˵ġ
СֵؿԼĸס
ǴҲ벻һǿƵĸףһΪλ竷
죡һ
ӼҲҧ˵ġӡ˸ͷһ¸´Ц棬길ͨ죬Ŀˡ
ȻҶЦæһߵһߣߺߵžŲһһߣպźҲǵûƷˡ
˵ǰͬʱиŻһ˺޼ףҲбһҺµо
Сǿʶ㶼һѪγ㻹ûƷˡ治֪ʲôܽûƷˡ
ģӵ꣬˵ʲôѪܹΪһǡҪǣȻ¶˯ô߷ڡ᳦ĵĸ֮ô鷳СϺףƽһ۵ģûӡҶЦ̸ۣ̬ߡ
ԭˡвӷſһ㣬תͷȵϣҫĺܼӣʲôʱΪʡʡġ
С죬һ仰Ҳ˵ֻһѪѾ嵽˺ͷҪ
Ͽ콫ѪóҶү̾˿ĿŨصʹᡣȴתͷԸ
С걯״شһɫڻͷȥˣƺȫȻû˾
Ҷӣһ£ʹգ
ҶЦٺһЦգҴ˴Ȯһƽϣ
ɿҶӣŲҪسŵ¹ٿǾǵڡ
ȻŵҪصģʲôˣոյġҶЦŹĵسŵޡ
Ǳأĥĥ䡢ڴ漣֣ź߳ŵС꣬ҶЦЩҵѪùĥ䣬ĥ䣬Ҳҵˣ
ȻѾ֣ǾͲΪ£͵Ϣˡ
ûж¶СĿŬϣܹջسѪοǹغԼһĳɾͰ
С굽ԾȫˣԼΪξͻķίȫؽһѪΣȴ֪Ѿء
һ̾ɵӡǵ˼ɣѪȥ
ϽҶӰɣˡӻ֣Ļ˵ڷݻ˵ΪǶԼ֪Ȼǽˣһ֮ڣڲжҲȥģҶЦȻڻܻĻţǾ֤ߣһλⶾʥִڡҶЦ˻ϡͿģǸⶾȴһ֪顣
Լٲ֪ôùһԼš
ԼΪռ˸˰ɡ
ܹƲ֣˽£δزǺ£
ҶЦǰһһѪΣһЦߣ
緢Ҫš
ҶЦҲŹǵģС׶ѪС
շ棡Ҳӵģҧ˵ӣҲ£ҶЦѾ⴫ѾȥԶˡ
ҶЦûжۼҰǶթǶҵѪΣС걯ߵԼףΪʲô
죡ϼһ鴤ĿݣصĴ˿˵ʲôȴվû˵ֻǵҴڼ治Ҫܣҳȥһˡ
תҴҶȥ
һߣҶЦһѪΣһߴһӣߣȥҼҺȾȥ
޼ɺͶأҶ٣զؾĽѪҪ˹û뵽ôôˡ
ҶЦǳ˳飬ĵɲˣǡҶЦӵһģֻҶЦѡ


16 
ҶЦ
ںȾơ
Ʋˣɽ亣ζӦоУԽȨƣϯȻˮһҶЦ̸ۣ¸߰ѪΣʵںʱͱһɱܲɣҩѾصӿռ䣬ڽ
ܼҾ˽һվ
ʲô£ҶЦʵ
ģӡ뿪֮ͼ뿪˼Сܼãȥ̫Ӷ
ҶЦ΢΢üͷ̧ͷŹܼҡ
ĺٶ򣬱֮Уʵµ֮߳ƣԲ죻ȵķλܼҡ
ȻЩ鶼뵽ˣһǰ׼ˡ
ȴһ˾뵽顣
ܼҡһ˰
ҶЦš
ܼҶЦĿ⣬ɫʼղ䣬һƽĵС˸ˡתһǫһʵ֡
˿̣ҶЦȴԭ֪ˡ
Ҷ쳣սܹڼ￴ܼҵ֮ˣѰ
ƹѲ˹ζžƾҶЦʵˣ˵ˣôĻԵҲ֪Խûʲô㣿
δ㣿޼ɺٺһЦЩңⱲӣǻʲôδʲô㣿ôˣȲм֮˽˿ȴֱ˸˳ȥŪ˲֪˲ҵĶһλ˵֮ͽﻹ̧ͷʲô㣿Ļɫδôùҹɣ
һ˵һߺȾƣתۼ¶ǡ
޼ɺȵúܼһң֪ô¥ЩųղģǻӭΪǶ֪ѹվǰҲʲôҶЦˣ˵һʲô㣿
ҶЦ̾˿˵ʵеλˣͬΪˣβ˲еʹࡣ
ת֮䣬˲ʱ֮һ鵤ش֮á޴ǣΪ鵤βߣֻƷѣߴ˵ЧҲԵһΪֻ֮ԪԪ֮Ч˵ֱ׵㣬һָ߼̲ʥҩ
ֵҩȻЦУѰߣЩϲɫ֮ˣȴǾҩ
Ƕ޼˲ֵֻһŶѡ
ֹүıʶԣǵܷһشǵ缲˲ܶγĪ棬һϴǷ磡
ϾƷҩ׽ԣֱӾǴ˵еģе޵ľƷҩ
Ƭ֮ҶЦĿҲô֢״δؾͲûа취롭ǵܹκõĻҪЩʲô
޼һį˵֪ڰοң֢״϶޷ɽ⡢ҩҽһҵĲܹκãϣ
ĿͻȻŹâϣԼܹһƽ£һ֮£֮ϣʷңҪΣ١
ûûҹϰιƽ֮ļȡÿһܹõģܹȡľ飻ȻԼȥ룬θı䣬ͳһβ֮ܽá
ҵЦЦߺܷ̰ɣÿһ죬һ֣ȥûûΣ§˯ʱΪҶѡ͵͵ȥԼȥЩ£ԼģܹƽΪһûˣҵԼʱɱ˶ϡ
ҶЦһʱ価Ϊ֮Ĭ
˶û뵽Ϊǵһܼӵ޼ɣĵؾȻıǣ
ֻǣԼҲ֪ôоҲȻΪ˵ͷѴ⡭ܲŻǷڣǷˣھУ಻һս̫ѡƲǷڳ϶ۡЦ󷽣
޼¶ǣԳһЦ㿴˻֮⣬ɶҲɲ˵ġ
ЦҶЦȴֻеء
Ҵˡε˵ԺҲˡ
㣡޼۾һɣȻҪ漴ȴȻ̾һҳ룬һ쾹ȻˣһҪ檣һҪŮƣһȻ󣬻Ҫһҳ࣡ôҵǲǺܻ̫룬Ҳ̫һЩ
ҶЦ̾ļ򣺡ѵ㶼ûϣݺ£ܵУ
ҡҡͷ޼ɺûоĵҶЩûаȤǿҲֻɱһʱһص棻ˣ˳֮Уʤǧ֮⣬£գΪһ仰һͬʱ棡
꣬㹻ˡ޼˵
ҶЦΪ֮ȻڸղŵǷУȻ޼ɵһŵ㣬Ǿԣʵ޼ɵŵ㣬ѱ¶ֻûӹˡ
һ֮ˣȱݣÿճŪĿ⡢Դʣ־˥ҶЦʣǻλ֮Լδܱ޼øã޼˵Ҳɱ˶ϣ
£ֻ벻ûֻҪ룬δûгɹĿܡҶЦ˵ͷأʷ֮ϣһҲΨһһġһ֮¡֮ϵġǹֱˣ
޼ʶҪ𣬵̧ۿҶЦ֣صɫȻģ
ȷʵа취޼ҶЦһֵ
˵Ȼǿмޣڲòھ͸޼ɳһŶ裬Ϊǰ޼ڵ״̬ĳŲɵһ죬Լһˡ
㣿޼ɵ͵رĿĹʣҲһ˲䣬ͻȻóأ䡣
ҿĲġҶЦ˵ڵһ֮缲ǵ֮ҩɾȣҩʱ޼ɣң͵һ꣡һ꣬ҿԵָж۷磡
޼ؿЦãһΪҾ͵һꣻʮ궼ȹˣںһꣿ
˹ЦʮꡭѾͦа̥¶˲˲ð
һЦ
أ޼ɻΪлѹõʹһкңеҲ˳Ц
޼ɣ˹Ȼըˣҽٴ֣صؾһ飬ҪٽҶˣҪ֣ҪͽˣⱲӣȻȫˣȴûж
ˣҶЦ޼ɶʱᡣ
Ͻģˣ˵˵Ҫʲôأ޼ɴȻӴ˿ʼͽСˡˡ
ͷоһֱ˿гӵĲˣȴԼģֻűˡ
ʮԸ
һڣֱӰҶЦ޼һġ
һԸκҵͷͷ
ۣҶЦһھ˳޼ҲЦڴ󿪡
ڶԸû˹ңڵġ˸˼˸ܣϲ˵ȥԸҪ׬ǮܶܶܶǮĸԸ٣ҲԸѧĸԸϰ䣬ȴϣ䣬ܲңԸҸƯϱҲҪô࣬һľͺãԸƽƽģꣻ߸Ը
ϲ˵ԼԸȻĴչʮһԸȴǣʮԸǣֵǺúôǡϰʮˣһ棬һٷҪõֵһԣһ
˵꣬죬Щδ;ˬ
ҶЦ޼һ
Ȼ֪ǿֵܸ֮ˣʲô˵ؾζأʲôһ


17 ٴͻ
أɶ룿һҶЦ
ҶЦһʱ侹Щ㯣ԶԣԼ룬òƸȫͬ
롭Ϊһ֡ҶЦ˵޵е֡
֣޵У޼ɺһŴȣһŶӣЦᶼҪ˳
λһóҶЦӣȻҪΪ֣Ҫ޵Уǡ̫ЦһЩô
ҶЦȻţҵԸôô
ٴŶŴȴЦ
ʵ˵ģе֮ͽ̸ʲô룬ʲôδ˺ٺһЦҿҲ˵˵Ǵȥ϶ǻЦ˴Ρ
ȻҶЦ֮⣬˶û뵽ǽҹҵ룬ڶ֮󣬶һȫʵˣ
һȨ£ΪƣΪꣻһ£ˣȴǲһѾΪ֣ǿߣ
Ȼ˵һҪֵһһٷһ룬ԶûʵֵĻˡ

ʲô竣ҶЦüͻһʡ
⼸ԭ䣻ܹĸо޼ɺˣԼӡе֮ͽģаŮ飬Ǵûȡ£Ҳһ׮ûУȱ㣬ǲѡ
ֻǣˣҲܽô
޼ԳһЦνľӢҶѭ浸أѧԺĽѧԺʦİʦϰһѧһΪ˼δŬӪѧϰΪԼһ볯Ϊ٣ӻ壻ܼ壬Ϊһ
˿ûаϽġҲûõģ竣Фӵܡ޼ɵЦЦһĸ壬ЩѰаŮǿȡ᣻ӵܡȼ֮СЩ¶
Ǵ££
ݵ˵
ҶЦüƵ޵ģаŮ
ģ񲻾аŮǿȡᣡ˺޼һЦ
Ȱȵ·ȵͳţٳţƺǺȶˣ˵һ仰޼ɣЩǵĵУġ
޼ɿɬһЦװװô꣬ǼٵҲˣټ٣ټ棬ѷֲˡ
ٶһЦżЯȥ
ҶЦվڴſڣһ
ϵľƾ֣ȻĶһЩд竵мģ
ˣ޼ɣ˭ʵǸȫһģ
ֻǸԭҶЦıһ¡ˡ
ҶЦһȴǴûԵǰǹƵ⣬ڣܹĸоЩҪģҲҪġ
ԼǰϾȫĲͬˡ
ȻǸҡ
ССƬ̣ҶЦЦЦδδû·δδЦδȻδޣ
һʫû꣬ҶЦͼɴһͷײӿռ䡣
һȥʱͱϲһӡ
ռԱ֮ǰŨࡣɫ֮Уһ˿˿ԭƣɫ֮⣬һּѱѪɫС
ӦѪξɡ
⣬ռﻹľϢЩͻȻֵģһȻϢȻϢ
˵ȻϢ϶ҲһѪδġ
ҶЦƣԼýһѪΣӦþռܽܵģ߱ľԵģֻ߱صĵһֲ
˳ǵĵ߽ͨȥһȻҲǸӵĻˣһڣһĿ
̻Ƭ̣ҶЦ׼ȥˣתͷһ̣ȴƺʲôһˡתͷ۲ã֡
ǿŵ
ˣ
ԭֻѼôڣǴһȦص˵ҲԲͨѼôˣѾӽһö쵰С
ףⶫȻܱģҶЦ״һĵ֮ѣûһȻġ
ƽһΡ
ҶЦһԸΪ޵ĵ
Ϊʵ̫̫¡̫ˡ
˫һ飡
ôĿ϶вСͷһżĵŵǷ֮Ƶľ۷ޣ
ҶЦʱ룺ȷˣ᲻һƽ
ŵֻһƬ䴥ȴǸоκεɶҶЦ°ͣ૵㵽ǸʲôǿĴأжôǿأ
ҶЦͻȻĪĺٲͣ˿ռ䣬ٶϥΪռڵҲʼγһϸҶЦ֮ӿ
˿ռ丨֮⣬֮ɢҲҶЦ֮£ֻ־£ʽȴûκκۼģǱĬ֮Уκˣκǿߣκθ֣Ըо֮ӿѾϸıչսռ䣬ȻҶЦľ
ʼ
һҹȥ賿һ̣̫ոϼ֮˲ҶЦͻȻоһĪ¶
ǵһΣģ񹦣һӴ
һ̣յƺȻһ£һ̣Լ蹬ͻȻһˡ
ѪҺҲȫ׵ؿʼ
һ̣ëֱֱʣ
УõһȻඥϡֱ嶥ţ
䣡
ƺһԳͷ£һɣ
ůģͬˮ֮У˵
˿̵ҶЦ۾ֱˣһʱ侹˵
ǳ嶥ǳԾӣ
ҶЦʱΪ졣
⾳磬ѾͻƵԪһƷ
ѵ˵ԪһƷȻôͻˣ
⡭ӦðɣòǰԼŸոս񹦵һأΪνġԪ֣ôͻˣ
Ҳ̫ף̫˰ɣ
һѪΣȹЧ
˵ֻһ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳô̵ʱͻƵԪһƷ
ҶЦԼǰͻͬȾʱԼǸоʹ࣬һ־ѵܣһΡô͡Ҹܵģͻˣ
Ҳ̫򵥣̫ɣ̫˰ɣ
һֱ£СĳŸоһ񹦣ȴԼԾɴڵһؾ磬ûκεͻƣҶЦȴװ׵ĸоԼΪȴʵʵڵ˽
Ĺеȼ񹦵ĵȼײ˶أԼһ·ͻƣֱڣѾ׽ССȻǿˡ֡У񹦵ļȶȼϣȴԭ̤
ôһ룬ҶЦоһëȻ
һȥµ˷ܣĻѪţǽ߲Σôȫͳ˴˵еġĳ磿


18 ԩ·խ
ôһ룬ҶЦȻоѪӿơʶһƽľѹȥ֮Ѫһ˫۾ȴҲԽԽ
˿̵ҶЦ֪Լ񹦾жô֪۷壬ᳬԼΪġ硯ôңԶľ룡
ҶЦ˿֪ģֻԼֱðˣģһϸǳɫɫ֮ڵʣһεųļ
Ȼ⻹Ǻ£ǱΪͻƵԪһƷڶƷϴЧ
ȻǺ£
ǣô̵ʱϴ裬õе̫ˣ
ҶЦվֻû춯ͦԵĸоԼֳһ㣿
ȵϴ˸裬ɾڰ֮žӿ˿죬Եĸ̾ô̫˧ˣλ޸ңλ治֪˼ӵĸѽ
ɲɣܼߵſڣ仰ɵһĲһˤڵءһʱ䣬λ²ŵĹܼҴˣҲɵб鴤
ôġ
Ϸϴʮ꣬ǹֽʮأûһôġ
һܼҷĵĸ̾
ʲôһҶЦŶҲ仰ʵ
ȻǰҶЦļ䣬ʶǷǳлȻҪʸΪʲô
ܼҲŲæү鱦һ񵤣һ
񵤣ҶЦƲƲ졣񵤣ϡôǱүƵĵ߰ˡ
үʱ䣬Ҫȥˡܼɫ֣أ֪ڽѾһƬӿɣɣңҪӱ޸ǡڽһʱǱȻǷӿ
һҶЦܼһ仰û˼˵竣ǱЩ־Ķ󡣶˵һ˼гͻĻ
ڹٳף߻ں󽫾ȨգҪϵͽǳҵĴˣ˼㣬һһ⡭
ôܲȥأھҪȥҶЦü
òҪܼҲһüЩżȰ
Ǹ嶼£ֻȥЩƽ²׵ǣͱˣһҼҵĶھ׼νӴЩˡ
ʱҶӲ֪ߵغ߳ȥֱǺҹеƣλһӡ

ҶЦ̾ģҳȥһ¶Ҳˡƿţﳤȥ
ǧҪ͵ܼҿжֹҵСڡǧ¶
֪֪Բ¶ҶЦдӦѾȥԶˡ
ˣû뵽ҶЦһȥҶЦ֤¶Ҳûйܼ˵͵ǳһ춯صĴ£
ҶЦʩʩȻ߳ţڴǮȻʹȥҩĵг䣻ڣֻط˵Ҫ顣
ǣ˿ռҩתͷ֮ҶЦӵİٱֱһҲȲˡ
ҶЦһֱΪʲôλ棬ףʵԶǵһҪ
ҶٵҲûʧԣһ·Ҳȷǵ͵ĺܣǣίʵҲûǸ顣
ǽнǾӪҩļɢأԶԶؾŵһŨҩζ
ҶЦ۾һĦȭƵľ˹ȥ
һ֣ʮ·һ룬ҩĵģЩҲһЩҽݣһЩ̯ҩģߵˣ඼뺷Ľˡ
֣ͷβӶҩζǳǳǸʢġ֡
˵سҩҩģõ֮е֮⣬Ҳûб
һˣ˶˲ҪôҩҵҽߣҪôͻصϵĻɡ
Ϊ򲻵˵ҩǾͻûϷˡ
Դ˽ֲűΪ֡
ҶЦϵؽһ꣬Ȼֽڶ䣻СҩģǮˮһǧ֣ҪЩƽҩģȻǲڻµġ
ȽҶЦϲǣ˼ҵ֮󣬾Ȼ˺üĳ˲Σ⻹мĺڣ֥ƾҩ
ֻЩͻҶЦӡ
ûע⵽ҶЦҩֻ֮ǴһΣȻ˳־Ҹ깵ӵˡΪֻҪֽӴЩҩҩľ˲Ѿûˣ类ռϤյˡ
ЩҩȻʲôĵر㲻öô棬ʤ࣬ۺҩȴҲǲƵġ
һΣӿռֻȡĲ֣ЩҩɫӶûб䣬ȴѾʧӰ١ֻʣһտ桭
ҶЦԴüΪأҲżһ֪Щһֱû¡
ȴ֪ЩѾֻ˶ٴˣ֮ڣҲһЩ֮ްҩüֵ
ߵ潫ĵȫ©ɨһ飬ٴӱ߾ͼɨߵġһֵϵҩӭ˾ΥĴˡ
ˮһĳȥȻڸ깵Ķҩܹô࣬û˷֡Ҳһֺѵõıˡ
ҶЦսһҵʱмӽֿ˽һ۾ͿҶЦȥһ˶ʱĿһĶһߡ
ˣСꡣ
СεǿҺ⡣
ҶЦ
ǸĻ쵰
Ȼ㣬үҲ㲻˳ۣŸıӦˡ
ߵһԼĸӼСķӦһתͷС꣺˭
ҶЦСҧгݡ
ҶЦԼʮ߰꣬ӥǻĿĿࡣü˵ϴѪΣǱթȥˣ
أһѹȵĸоȴЩ̬
Сһ竰ܼӣ׵Ȩƣ޶ѹǣ
ԩ·խİɡĿɱһҶһߣҪ˿һ𡣡
˵ͳĶɲʲô˶ģҪۡ
Сеϲɫһţǡ
˵ݣС֪
Ϊ֪Ż˻ϲ
꣬Ľǰףǵ̫ĵֳҲ½˴֮һĽҵˡ
һֱþӾǣ˵ûκιְȴκҲҺӵĴڡ
ΪģһɼӴ
̫ܹ֮Ϊ̫ӣӴļ壬νӹΰ
ĽǰױеĹؼ
ΪҶЦôҶЦȻڽӣ


19 㲻Ҹ
ҶЦĴɹ֮ýβŲһҵ꣬ûڣĿͱĳ¸סˡ
бѰҩǣ֮£ͽĿͶע˽һմ˳ľͷ档
ʲô⣿ҶЦҲɣһָŽľͷ
λ͹ٿʵˣĶĪ˵ңƹĶϵãҲֻһҲ˵ֵʲôǮΨһĵطֻǾ곣̣Ȼľ꣬ȻΡǷôͲ֪ˡҩǰܵ
ԻƵı֣ԼҵĻƷǷ治ãȻпѯʣҪԼҵĻƷ˵üֵǣϡޱȲŶԡ
ܹھǿ̵ģмҶЦ̸ֹţʾڲͬԻûҿţʵ˵ƽ˵ⵥҲպ㣡
ЩһĿ͸ˣɲһССҩǵġ
ţȻûô£ôҶЦľУɫ˿
òǰյġѾ˵ô¡һֱȥҲͷεͷ
ҶЦͷĵĵⶫҪˡ۰ɡ
һϲ
ʲôҲֻһҲ˵ʲôֻǾ곣̣ûɶô
ǿЦ

ΪݣһϦľ֮Ϊ裬ֱ
ÿһ磻֮󣬲ʽɳΪһʱˣһݵӳɳΪһڴֵȴֻҪһչȻ겻
ǰһĻۣҲֻɳһڶѡ
Ҫ¶ҲҪ׶ʹ򣻸Ҫﶬڱ任ֻҪһԶĿռ䣬ܹԼ
֪ɵǣҶЦȴ֪ģһ֪ɳΪ֮һ֡
֮裡
еʲôزȻǵҶЦǰ۷ĵԪ磬ڲʱֻҪ֮裬ԼӿԼĸ
ǰҶЦʶ֮Уľ˺üȦҲоǧϵˣ뻯һ̬֮裬Ҳֻһ֮ң
ҶЦܲϲ
Ǻѷĳñһ֮裬عҲʮ𾧣οһôԹļֵ
һںôȻڳɳΪ֮֮Ҳע⣬ϿһͨͨĲǻԵɺϣ޴ޣҪΨһ;Ľ׶Σ䳤ʶջ
ȻջҲҪһ࣬ſܳɲġ
мˣܹһꣿ
֮裬ȻҲǺţ
ҶЦҲֻһμżȻ£һǧԲʶǰġݡ
½ѷĵطȻһ꼴͵
ϵĴڱ
㡭ҪˣգۣЩ⡣ôһݣȻҪˣǮյİɣԳԵûۡҪ
һ£Ҫ֪Ǯ
ҶЦóһƱЩ
ˡƲϲ⣬һòݾȻһӣֱֵ̫ˡ
Ȼʱһصͻأ𣺡Ҫˣһǧ
һ걳˫֣ſʩʩȻ˽Ľǰף
һǻֱӾɵˡ
һݣûʽ򣬽ͻȻҪˣȻһ
ֵǣȻһһ۸ߣ
ҪġҶЦһüоԾ
ϵĵǿ
ǣԼͲʶˡʲôˣ
ֻ˵ȳļ۰ɣȻδʽɽȻǼ۸ߵáĽǰ䵭˵
ʵĽǰ׸֪ľʲôľ浽ʲôԲҪֻǿҶЦҪ򣬱˳Ѱ¡
۸ߵãһҶЦǳ˳飬۵һ⡣
ʮĽǰױ˫֣ۿ졣
һҶЦ۾
Ϥˣͻ֪ҶЦѾͷˡ
һǧĽǰҡҡӣһ˿мЦ⡣¶ģȻʲôֶζãҶЦܳʲôۣܸ߳ʮȥ
⾩ǣ˭Ҫӣ
ǣ⡰һǧĸֲŸոճڣ;öһһʹ漴ˡಡһ˳ȥߴһŭ㡢衢һǧ
˿̵ҶЦνŭͷ𣬶򵨱ȻĿŵЦ
˵ֱӾǷһţݺݵĽǰСϣƴһţȻλ̫үĴ˸һ߳ţ
ײಡһȫȥˡ
Ǹɾ䡣
ǰһּ̻ۻۣһ̾
ۡһĽǰǱֵڴϣɲɵһƨһʱ¶ǻƺĶȥԾδֹ˸ҲǻƺһƬˣ֪һΪλүǴʲôطԱˡ
ĽǰױΪףȴҲû뵽ǰλüĿĹӸȻ仰û˵һ֣ȫȫ⧲һɡˤõǱ
ߵҲûӦգգ۵Ĺ⾰ͿѾһ㱻˳ȥ
ҪŭȴǴ߾ŭĳ˳ȥ
漴һŭһش˹
Ȼ¶ȻȻҶЦԲȴšۡۡȭŴϵ
ȻǸ竣ǾͿ϶ܹˡ竡֡
Ҷ뵽
ȻôǱߵģ̫ӸǱߵģֻ߾һ۵ɵñ
һߵģ챾үҪ
ôذɣ
һŲŸ߳ȥžѾľԼһžһ˳ȥһƱƮƮڹ̨ϵͬʱҶЦѾһŲڻûĽǰСϣȭͷͬһȥ
һȭĳ˵۾ͺˣһȭȦҲˣһֻè߲Ÿոĳèıӽű˺ģȻҲһƬ
ĽǰΪ˴һȻԼȴҲһԪ۷Ϊ⧲֮£ҶЦһžȻԪɢ˿ǱֵĵڵϣȻֱˣȫ޷֮ܡ
ûѹѾҶЦһϣȭͷ
㡭Ľǰ׸˵һ֣ͱҶЦһȭϣߵĻȫһȭ˻ȥ
ʲô㣡ѾľǷᣡҶٴ˿緢֮ʱд֣һ竵ıɫչ¶ٵåֶΡ
ڴʱ˵쾡µһ仰˵ͨʱåֶΣôĹð


20 ɱңҸɱ㣡
ָָ㣬Ƭ֮ΧһȦ۷׷ףʶλǵүܣ˲ʱȻ
ҵ˭ԭҶҵǸҶү
ֲôţƣڴ˾ʹ򡣡
ҶЦЦʵ̫ˣ̫Ѱˣ̫ƽˡ
ǣҪЦӲˣǲ̫졢̫졢̫ءֻǸ˭أ
֪ȻǸùߵġ
ֻƬ̣һŭĽǰ׵ڸϵˣǿƷֿȺȭźҶЦкҶЦһתŲæվһţӾնһת顱һţһϡ
漴´һһҺ
ȴҶһţ֪⻹⣬öĽǰ׵Ŀ
һҽУǾ춯أҡ
Ϊ˵Ľǰ׵ǱĴϺһԵȫ˳۵һȫȫľˡ
ٿǱߣҶЦѾش
ĽϼƣһӹɡĽǰڳʵ۹ôǺߵĽɫòһзžѾ
һγҲǴƽƨĵõĻҲԪΪ֮ĽǰԼҲֻǳֶѣõŸô˵ˣԪʵ׵ľǣһԹˡ
Ҳû뵽ҶЦôһʵ׵ͷأ
ԵǴʵ
ҶЦȫ֪أԽԽƣһɸַ緶ĳĿ׳ôȫôһأ
ʲôôô
֮ʣȴҧ˻˻ĳݺݵҴ򣡺ݺݵĴҸ𣡡
һҲˣ˼ܻļȡ
Ҫ֪ĽǰΪĽϼˣȻĵϵҲһֱ˳˳ˮڳʵ۹Щ̫꣬үĴ˸ݣǺ绽ꡣǼӴٻܣǸǣ
Թִ
ͻȻ䱻ҶЦͬһᣬȻƽĻ˿ȴҲǾʲȥ
οҶЦǳ竣ӶˡǴȥµĽϼĽӣ竵ľٵҶЦˡˡ
˰
һ£ʱۡ
˵ʵǴ˿ҲǴҶЦҲһûʲôʵļһŲ鸡ᣬȭûʲôвԣԼ˵ĹȴǴ򲻵ϣԼսȴƵƵΣ
ô֮
˿̵õӵһ£Ȼ伫ʩΪ
ˢһ죬ͬʱγƥһҶЦ
һαúŲ£һȴǷҶЦŲ֮·
ǳ˿˼ҶЦӵݣȻҪλ竹һϣ
ĽϼУһ׹ҽĹӣ治ʲôɱˡҲɱˡ
ʲô£
˵Ľǰ׵ûУҲûʲô
һ߹սǴע߶С״һ
ҿǲҪһɱ˰ɣ
⡭ǳеΰ
ҶЦĿкĺȻһ
֮УôһȦΧۣǿû˼ɣΪлʼҵĺ̨ҡû˼ɰ
ʵɱ
ҶЦ֮䣬ʱӦһ֮ʣһ㻬˳ȥǴһɱȾܣ
ҶЦ״Ƶײײȫǰܣǰֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬾͹˸䣬Ӱʧ
ֻǣƺЩŲ·ˡ
ܵķ򣬾Ȼ棬Ҷڶߡ
һܣȻܷˣòƾأԽԽԶˡ
ûõĶ׷Ľǰ׺޺޵ٴ
ȴǿžʹɲأԼ鴤˻˻
һǳԿԵòĿ˵ʲôҲҪץסҶЦһ
֮ͥ±ôǱǱƽһΣ
ҲǱҲĻһͶͷ׷ȥ
ĽǰȻǺ޼ҶЦʹɣҲҧгݵظ˹ȥ
գ۹򣬰Ĵ˵ģʧӰ١
е
治Ǿ竡˸̾дˣ֮ͥ£Ȼôһ̺
ǱļһòҲʲô֮ϣȻҪɱˡ
ҪɱˣҶүܵÿ죬ֻѾ촦ˡ
ǿ۽磬˼ʶӵܵ磬Ȼҵƽġ

СȺ˳һ˿Ц
ߣҶЦ֪һʲôĴ鷳ʲôˣ֮ܶˣ
ϻҲס㣡
⼸˾ˣҲСһ׮
泩Цĵתȥ
Ȼȥһ׷ϣڶʱ̣ôҲҪӵġ
Ҷ󽫾ȻʰĽǰףҪʰԼС꣬аա
СֻҪ죬ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ڵġ
º󣬸ʲôסĽǰ׵죿СѾڿЩˡ

ҶЦһ·ִ߽ƻŲ·ѡһЩƫƧ֮ߣԽԽǻǰ棬Ѿӽƶߡ
ĿһƬưܾ
ߣǰȴһСɽһƬ֣ȥֵ֣˷֮һƬ
ǳǳڵģһɽһˮһƬ֡
أҧг׷ᣡ
һ֡׷㵽ˮ׷㵽ˮļơ
ⲻ֪ÿ׷ҶЦһ͵ھֽһ
ҶЦһ߷ɱһɱӿ

ԼŹһԲͬѰȻʶȴܶ϶ǵ֮ԼڲóȻǴ鷳أʵδɡ
һȻҪɱң
ѾԼɱ֣
ڵˣҪԼصĵˣҶЦһǣ֮ѿ֮С
ҪɱңҾɱ㣡
ҶЦתתȫ
˿̵ҶЦһʱ۵ĵеӣСɽͷҪɽˤȥвŰ֮ĸŨ
Сӣڻ·ˣ
ڴϣҶɱ㣬οû˼ĵطСӣܣ߽˹Źأ
ҶЦڴɽȥʱĿĹˣѾûаڡɱڻʬ𼣵ľѵص㡭
ɫѻƻ裡
ҶЦһ·ײײصζȻһߣͬһ֧һ㣬Ƭ֮У
ҶһҡΡ
֣֮һȥʱ͸оԡ̧ۿȥʱסˡ
ΪղŻǸͬɥ֮ȮһҶЦ˿̾Ȼǰ治Զеվţ
һ˫ʩʩȻһ˿ЦĿƽĿ׷Ȼף΢ЦλˡܹΪƴ׷ҵڣҲǾλıֻ֮֡·鲼˪λĻţҲͽܼ尾£վǳ˰ɡ


21 ִ
һŭ֪ΪΣҶЦȻĿУȻܵ˳ɽѹҪںȻҲŲ죡
ǰ֮ƺo߲ʣȻһֲսʤĸо
Ĭһ£Ŵ˵ƨҶЦѽȻ˴Բѣ
ҶЦͷЦˣȻˣͼλһ̡
ʱĽǰĸϵҶЦʱӶˣȵŸʲôϽɱ
ҲһҲܲסҶЦȻѹ֣Ҫȣѩĸֵͬʱ֣
䣡
ҶЦһЦӭŵ⣬粽ǰѾĪԣѺǧ̳·ԵһЦ;Ȫ
һâ䣡
˿ȻѾȫҶЦЦ棬ǸܵΣÿһЦƣĮɱ¾Ϣ
ȴ֣ܲ
ҶЦЦУһȥ֮յĴ֮㻬˳ۣ
һһѾһϣ
Ķƺÿһ˶ĿҶЦ䣬󡭡
ȴҲ㲻
ʹһͬʱ漴Ϳ
ȴѾҶЦУ
һָһãƺǰգһӡ
һλ۷鷨ңһָһֳǺѩ׵ֽţӺ䣬һƲ
ǰд⡣
һΧ۵пƥһҫԣҶЦսУȴͻȻչľȣ
ԼһֳĤݣ
һľ㱻Ͷء
֮ͬϵףԼӵһʹص־
Υ棬޷ģ
һ֡ĵ£ԭӦáĸо
⻹δ£ѪѾȻӰҡҷһƬѪ硣
ԭϣһðߵĻ֣̿¡
۵һϼһƬ

ҶЦĵǰݺġ
Ϳ̿ǧ˷ʬ̣
֮ɱϣɱ
ûκһˣڿ֮֮󣬻ܻš

һ˫ɱ
Ľǰһ˫۾Ȼ˼£ҶЦֻԼҲһ͵ֹͣ
һ̣뷨ȻܣҲǿ־壡޾ľȣŭ
С겻˵ҶЦֻһ竣޸֮
ôᡭô뻯֣
ҵÿһԪΪȻ赭дһɱˣϾȻ竣
ʲôЦ
С꣬ⲻǰҪô
һ̣ĽǰΨһͷץסС꣬һʬΣҲޣ
ҶЦָϵһѪӵ⻬䣬̧ͷĽǰףһ·ˡ
Ľǰ״ֻһƬ䡣Ȼ˵
ҶЦҡҡͷЩϧ⡭ҽһɱˡ
˶٣û뵽һΣô졣
Ľǰ죿
ҶЦһЦĵĽ͵ǰҲû뵽ô磬ֿʼĿУһ˿һ˿С
Ľǰ׸ףֻô£Ӻζ
ֻҶЦ¶һЦ˵һ·׷ңȻ࣬·Ҳͦɣ
ĽǰȲܿƵĶһҶЦ㲻ɱң
ҶЦ۾
漴ݣ
Ȼб
Щ⣬˵ͨġָָմѪĵ棬Ҳ˵ͨġ
ĽǰҧҧĽϼˣĽǰףĽǰװ
ҶЦͷû˵ŵǰһ
ǵ̫ӵĴ˸磡̫ĵ׸磡Ľǰ׶ͷð亹ҶЦѹȶĽŲĺǿŽ仰˵˳ɱңҶ룬ǽշŹңҶЦұһٻ󣡹˺ͨ
ҶЦͷ룬ǰʶң
ʶĽǰƴҡͷϽʰףԩ޳ղɱҡ
ԩ޳𣿡ҶЦüô֮¡ȴΪʲô
£ҶЦҲĲ⡣
С꣡С꣡Ľǰ׼ڽкǸˣǼҵĶԸҹ֣㡭ߥҡҡ
ŶҶЦȻ򣺡С갡ţͳˣңȻɱҡҲǣ
Ľǰ׼ƨǵģǵء
ҶЦǰʱ䣬˶£㶨Ȼ֪
Ľǰ׶ʱס˶⡭治ġ
ҶЦĿӣɫü㣿㲻֪
̫үĴ˸綼֪˭ģɣ̫ӵˡڣ̫үλ˸Ȼ˵֪
Щ˷ˡ
治֪治ҰĽǰ׼־׶ѪĽ
㡭֪㻹ʲôáҶЦü
ãáҶӣ˵ҡĿ԰㣬κη桭ٳƸ͢˿̣кҩĽǰ׾ԻɢвƲж١
æųŵ
ڵҶЦʵֲ̫ˣεѹоǰ㼱ҪСʧ
ǽջܻȥҶЦҶ츸ӣҶҪ뾡һְ취ĥ
ĽǰзһţȴæİԼܹóĳ룬ϣҶЦһ档
ȴҲԼϣʵ̫ãˡ
ҶЦɱпܡڣȴѾ޷ͷ
ҶЦ̾һҺ㣬ǡȴܡ֪ȥڹȻģܸоóѾڳﻮˣλȨأӲܹ裬֮£Ȼ֮Ϊܴ裬һȥϾͻ٣ô
Ľǰ׿־ҡͷǡҪҰ
ҶЦ޶ԣ飬ܺҹζ࡭кö£˵һֵʱ䶼ܷġ
Ľǰ׺ĴԼ׵۾ԽԽĿҶЦͻȻһתܡ
ҶЦĿһһֵһɳ۵һĽǰ׵ĺĺݺݲ룡
Ľǰ׿񱼵ȻĲͨ¡
һ˫ŵĿǰûԹޣȴǳ˿־ڡ
ˣǵġ
̫ӵĴ˸磿ҶЦŵϵʬ壬ҡҡͷ˵ô˸硭˵ֻһ֣ͬʬ塣
һΪ㱨ġҶЦĽǰ׵ʬ壬С꣬Ҳˡ
˵仰ҲٿһۣҶЦ̤ҶʩʩȻ߳֡
ͻͥŲȥ
ʼգûаѪҲûаҳ
Уʬ徲š


22 ּ
СصأȸԾѡһΣҶЦڽ˰ɣ
ߣ
Ȼң
ҲССʹһֶΣٲ
С꿪ĵţ·оƮƮģ꿴ӽȻ˷Щ棬׷ʣСȴؿƿ
֪ԣҶЦˡô򱱴󽫾ҶȻһκˣ
飬֪ԽԽã
죬С궼ڿֵĵȴţεĻ룬ҶЦ֮ʲôӣ᲻֪Ϊң
ߺߡ
Сһֱȵ˵졭
Ϣ
̫Ӹˣܹܣ̫ӹȥһ£ЩҪѯ
ʱ̫ܳүȻټԼӣǡ߾Ƕһǰ;㰡
ȥúõػػǧĻᣬüסˡ
СȴЩ겻᣺Ϊʲô̫ңĽǰΪβң
⡭мʲô£

ձ֮ҶЦѾ㲻ڼ죡
ҲΪ˶Ŀֻ©ʵǡ
Դӻͼɴһͷ˿ռǰǰ߰˳ȥռȡѾǺ˰ɣ
ҶЦĵЩȲ
һȥĿȴֱɵˡ
ΪռȻô࣬ɫûŨҲûб
һҪ˵б仯Ҳǿж˼ɫ״ѡ
ſռＸ֮ǰȫҶЦɵ۲ǹأ
Ӧð֮ǰһѪΣռ˸ӡ켸Ǿһȡôҩ֮㲻γʱ䣬ҲܸаôȫȻûа仯أ
飬ĵĴ󲻵⣡
Ӧðأ
һҶЦһǸڣ̽ͷһɵ˱ӡ
ǳ
ֻɫˮһӿǿŵǿŵۿɼٶȣڻ
ӵҶЦĿɿڴ״̬
ֻŵǴڴһ㣬𽥵Ĵԭ쵰СȻһСô󡣶Ȼȴڷӿ롣
Ƕ󣬷·޾һ㣬Ϊƶޣ
Ȼٱ󣬵ԭ޹ĵǱ棬ȴѾ˼־ӨĹ󣬼ܹ޵»ƣ
ԲۣҶЦĳȣȻҲ̲סһ໰
໨߰ӣæ죬Ķιŵһ㶼ûʣ£ĻǡŵȻôͲٳˣ
ôĴǴˮƯղŻһϦΪǵҶơ
⻹ҪͶأҶЦ°ͣ
жջֵοģֻӦ˵ϲģݰοϲȻ
ҶЦٰ֮£˳ĵҲŵˣӾҲʲô޵ĵˣ鿪ˮһȵ쵰
뵽ȴ鲻ԽЦ˵쵰쵰ΨŵĻ쵰ʵĻ쵰
װľвŸոմ򿪣ռͻȻһ󼫾ϲһ̣һĪǿӿ
һľ˲ʱ飻ҲƮƮҡҡĽӿռ䡣

ȻֱĽȥ
ҶЦֵĿͻıʣ漴һ˫۾Ȼɴˣ
ֻռһŤɫһ뵶Ȼƾȥһ飬ɢһƬոµɿռôͻأγˣ
Ƭɿռγ֮࣬ԻƯƣƯƵһһȥˡ
һƬγɵĿռһֻɷԲСΧǰɵмλãһȻ
ƺԭһֱûƶӲǴŲƽһ㡣
һɻȻɣ
ţ仯İɫɽХһ˲㽫Ƭռسû棬ӿ
ҶЦֻüϸһ֦ڲһƬƬҶವķȻǰһԼѾس˿ռ䣬صԼ棡
ȻһĪ𺳣ȴþûز
ӣռȻܹٽ
Уռò
ԴۣŲõĽԼԶӵһȡ֮֮ߵ֮裿һҪЯ
һ뵽ǰҶЦɵĻŭţղŵѾɵ⡣

ģ
ÿһŰ죬ѾҶЦÿ״򲻶Ρ
˿ΪֻϢȻתʱ޵زԶĳ̶ȣܹǿΨһڷܣ
ҶЦ붨֮С
Ȼ֪˿̵̫ӸѾҳһš
֪òҲ⣡

Сɫ׵ıСһ·ԽԽǸоԾһ˫鲻ԽĲ
ڽڸʱСһȻȵף
һƬ
ڸԺ棬аײŵʬ塣
һߣһĵڣᴩΪһ͸Ķֱֻ̯һߣ¶أһ𻨡
𻨲á
С꿴õĽ𻨣ȴֻðǣһ̣һ˹ȥ
ȻֻһΣȴǼ΢֪ʬֻ¾ǡ
Ľǰף
Ľǰ׸Լȥľ·ϣһ𻨡
ĽǰˣС˲ͱˡ
ˣ
ɫε̫үһۣӸµؿǰС꣬ɫأ
Сꣿ
Сڡ
ǰգͬĽǰ׳ȥģ̫үƽûа
ߣһװŮӣһ˫۾˿ҲضС꣬񻣬ɫ𪣬òף˿۾ȴǺ׵ģ۽ۡ
ǡǵġСЩ
ˡ̫ӵ֣ܵûʲôȴһǼǾ׻Сͷ
СͫȻ͵طŴ
оԼĵ˲ͱѣ
̫ĵĮȻޱĿС꣬һֵѵյ飬һһ
ǣġСһʱ伸˵촽ݺݵҧԼͷһڣŽЩɢĻ˻죬СĸĽһȥȻ˵Ҫȥҩȥ˻һ֡յ˽ֿڣһˣҶЦ
ҶЦ̫ߵŮȻ̧ͷĿС꣺򱱽ҶĶӣ֮һҶЦ
ǣСҵĵͷ
ͷԭȴΪŮӵ̫̫£ʹòͷرߵĽӴ
˵̫û˵ǸŮʡ
Сзһ⣬¾Ľǰ׵ĵã̫˰ɡ
ǡҶЦҲȥҩҪζҩĽҲҪ˫˳ͻС¡
ĽǰҶЦزʶ竣ôϵҶЦ̫ӹؼʱ̲һ䡣
Сʱɵۡ
ĽǰôϵҶЦ⡭ԼѲ˹ϵ


23 ɵأҿҴĻ
ǡָϸġСͷڻ˵˳
ԭˣĽǰױʶҶЦΪҶЦΪҶЦ㣬㻳ģĽǰȥҶЦ鷳Ҳǣ̫ƽʵ
ƽȴСмЩŵ˹ȥ
ǡ
Сֵ˵֣Եĸоֺ̫˼֡С鲻ԽĶ
Ȼأ
Ȼ˳ͻҶЦͻȻ֣ˡĽӡĽӴڵءĽ»ҶЦ²þˡĽһ׷ȥ
Сɫ԰ףͰ͵ķչһͷĺˮ
ҶЦĽӣǰ״ڵء̫һü֪ҶЦųƾ٣ֻһԵ竡ĽԪ۷Ϊ
ζĿС꣺ҶЦĽӣڵأ
ǡˡСͰ̱ͣȥҲ벻ԼȻ¡
ԼݺҶЦн£
ӦҲûʵҶЦû飬ӦųƸֵĽǰȴˣ
СоүڸԼһĪЦ
˻ĵ
Ŷ̫Ӳÿɷĵͷ˵ȥ
ҶЦߣĽһȥ׷Ȼ󡭡ȻҾͻؼˡС˵̲סӿ˳ޣ̫ӵ¡Ժʲô֪ѽ
ǳ顭֡ȻȻôؼˣҵĸ˶ˣ㻹Ҫ˵ʲô֪̫Թ޵ضС꣬棬ŨŨɱΡ
ҡĽҪɱҶЦұӡҡСҲΰСһѱһᣬ˿̣Ѿŵˡ
ˣҽ²Ļ˶ȥˣ̫ŭ֮£һ£С굱˹ȥ
̫ӻӻ֣üСֻһɱ֮ãġϾƹŸܹܡ˵Ҿóǰֻ֮´Ρ
Σ̫üһʲôΣ
ҶЦֻһ竣ûܹɱĽǰף̫ӱ˫֣¡Ȼǲ֪ġһ롣
Ĺ⣺£ϸ顣
ô˵ҶЦйϵȴǿ϶ģ̫ĿɱȻҸ磬ƲܰҶЦҪᣡ
̫ӿЦһҲҪӳ顣ҶЦȻʲô丸Ҷرפرǵ۹ʯڱһ죬¾ƷսƵƵڼλҲǸֶΡʱ̣óȻɱ˵۹һ󽫵Ķӡ֮٣
̫ɫһҲҲУѵҸô˲ɣ
̫̾˿ػҪӳ飬ӴֳȴҶЦߴˡĻףóȻɱҶЦ޶֤ң⣬ôְˡ
ãҾ͵Ϣ̫һһ磬첽˳ȥߵſڣתͷС꣬Ҳģ
ʮ̫ü
һʮҲܽ˻ĴˡСֻһѰӸֱɫͿ壬ȻһЩȴҲǲֵһᡣ
ҪǱʮ̫үֳһ£̣
̴ԼĶӡܴ
ߣ̫صĺһתȥ
̫ӿ̫ȥɫ֣Σ
һ˹߽¸С˵ģûʲô룬ֻмط֡
̫üͷ΢û˵
һ֮˶ۿҶЦȷʵĴĽǰף֪ҶЦΪһ㡣
һ㣬ȥ鿴Ľǰ׵ʬ壬֡ĵˣ֪ˣֻǺһޱȵĸɾ䡭
ô˾⡣Ȼǡڴ֮ǰסĵҶЦпܽڵءסˣǳ֣
̫֡һ£ⲽͷУ
ǣĽǰ׷ҶЦҶЦûߵúԶڹһ֮󣬲Ȼؼˡһ㣬
ҶЦĹʲ󣬹ȻЧ
̫үüͷøˡ
˵ĽȻ׷ȥ׷һɽһһˮȻǱ߱ɱУ̫벻ͨ
̫ӵͷΪ
ΪĽ˷ǳͬʱеһۣȻǳ֮һ˲ᵶͬʱɱˣһֳ֣ͨһĵԪ۷壬Ҳδܹǡɣһ飬һλʦ
Ԫʦ
˵ֵʱ򣬺ܳ
̫ӵüëһ£̧ƤԪʦ㣬ȷУһ˿Īɫ
ǡ˵ͷ
̫ӳĬһ£ô˵ҶЦ޹أ
ԥһ£޷ȷ
ҪԳǰ׳ֻ֣˭Ϊʲô
̫˼ʵ
УһɭȻ֮͡
˴ֶһҲ˵
ֻ̫ⲢһҪش⡣Ҳһش
ǣ飬̫ࡣ
̫΢΢ȴҶЦ֣չ顭
ǡ
ķ֡ѹ¡
̫תɫһȥ
ȴ˼ɫ̫Ӷ꣬ף̫ԽǱֵöĳһ²ںôʵԽں
Ѿμס
ΪҪѹ£
һ˿־壬ƺˡڲõĽʳŵȷѪ꣡
һ仰û˵ȻҶЦɱĽǰףҲδλµ֡Ҫ֪˴֮У⼸ңҲͦϲĽǰġ
һ㣬ֻѹ

˿̵ҶЦԾϥţϸܾԪһĻٳɶḶָ́оϲĸо
Ϊһ֡ڱǿĸо
ʵϣһߣûвָоأ
ҶЦоɡ΢ʱ򣬹ܼĵ˽ؿһ
һʾҶЦʱӦʲô£
ܼҿҶЦһƣвһĪľȣүһ飬Ҫȷһ¡
ʲô£ҶЦü
ɱĽǰôܼҿҶЦֱ׵ֱͨͨ˵
һƽʵޱȵĻȴҶЦʵʵسһ
һԶģҶЦԽԽظоԼλܼңǲ򵥡
̫ˡ


24 㲻˵¶
ʲôĽǰף˭ĽǰףҶЦźĴ۾
ȻóȻϣЦԷʼǿ̫ӵµĴ˸磬˴֮ĽҵˣЩ£ȴǲ˵õġ
ĽǰףĽϼˣ̫ĸ磬̫ӵµĴ˸硣ܼҶЦ۾ǰ빫ӷִսߣĽǰ׷֮ʲô£֪Ϥ
˵һ٣˵ֻ֪չĽǰʬҰ
ҶЦһЦҲһɱİɣ˶ͷϣô̫ˣ˵ˣɱ˵ıô
ܼ˿վţܺõıɣˣɱġ
ҶЦԲüͷ
ܼ仰̫϶
ܼҼ˵㲻ɱģҪӦԣҲҪǰ׼һһ֮
ΪȻٺõıɣϣʼ󡣶ĽǰױϾĽҵˣ̫ĸ磬һҪһ
ҶЦ˼ţŶ
ԣ׼ү۵ʮѪ͹ǰܼƽ˵ǽΨһĶӣմѪԲ£
ҶЦһǣȥбܻ
ǡܼҹ˵̫գֻ¶㸲֮Σ
˵ţ̲ס̾˿
һֳͷβһȻ
үǰճţĵĸԼ˵¶
ڶһȥͰ̫үĴ˸ˡ
㻹ô¶¶
治ɱģֻصһ㣬Ҳǳеġ̫үҪĻʵ۹û˵ס
οһӴ󵽼Ľϼ壡
ܼʵ˵㡭ʵ˲ż죿
Ϊϴĸ棬׼ԱˣҸհѱϲŸ󽫾ȥ߾ǳ
ȥ
ܼұһƬƽʵڷ²ۣȴͻأؾүնӳ֡һ֮£ֱӶʱˣȥ
ԣȥҶЦ˵һʲôһʲô
ܼԭ޾һֻ۾ͻȻɵԲ
ŵصĿҶЦ
Բۣ
⡭⻹Ҽүôɶʱôеˣôˡ
ȡеǺ¡ܼҺò׿үжǣȻҪ佱ȣ漴㻰һתֻȴǳӢ۵ʱ򣬷ȫӦ׼
۾ϣҶЦ
ıˡ͸Ͻó
ڹܼƽ޲ʵѾļǡѾ⣺ƴԼʮλѪҲҪүƽ͵
ʲô׼ġ˳ȻˡҶЦһʲô˵ģһû֤ݣڶҳֻɱȽϴѣ̫ҪϻλͲܵ۹󽫣ġ
ܼĿȻеæʵʲô
ġҶЦߺһһһζûûˣңҾ͸ɴ̫һˣһ޳ݣʲôˣ
ܼǰһڣʱҪ˹ȥ
ôģ
ǰŶٻЩһֻܼ
̫ôĻ쵰ˣ
Ҳܽ⣿ôʲôƨ⣡
仰ǴȥûĽǰ⵵£Ҳ㹻ͷ˰ٴˡ
ٵĻɫǲٵĲٵ
ܼƵֱţ첻ߵĻ׵ûɶָܳʲôˣˣߣ
治áҶЦأǰĿռѾ㹻ƽˡ
ֵɢϢɢķΧԽԽã˵̫үĴ˸类ˣ̫ӵ´ŭˡ̵ʱþ˽֪
ܼһ漴ǰһѿ޵üƲߡתüͷֻһ̫ӵǱ߲涯֣͵ϮǷʤ˵ˡ̫ӵһعˣĽϼһȴֻҪΣյġ
ҶЦνĵڵ״ͷһͷҲһﻹôĹ˼ʲô˭Ľǰãôأҵùɡ
ܼǳ˳飬ĵĽǰ׻ù˼ֻʬ嶼ˡ뻹ء
𿴸ղ֮䣬ƶҶЦɱãʵڹܼҲҶЦɱĽǰס
Ľǰ׵ıʵȻʵܸߣҶЦȴһ׼ӵܣʵ
ҶЦʵܼΪ֪ҶЦʵɱĽǰĵϵˡôĽϼҲûʲôڵıҪˡ
˼֮룬ֻԼү˵ĽϼǵͷҲûɶڵıҪˡ
ܼ˹ȥ
ԲѵģûôԲѵġ
֪ĽϼʵôôȻ˵ôŵĻ
ţ
ܼȻǾԲ֪ڲ֮ĽϼĸΪҶЦһ仰

Ѷ£ܼȥɢԣĽ˵õİ˷ּ٣˶֮ԱǣҶЦɱĽǰף
ݣ㿪ʲôЦأ
˸ȥƾʲô
ޣҲ̫ˣ
ɱֻţҪ˵ɱһ֡ЪȥɡҪ㣬Դ¿ˡ
һߵ£̫үǻһҶЦ֣Ҳֻ˵λ̫ӵ¸Ͳ£
¡ˣôµˣôôǳԵʵףԺҪɱô죿
̫Ӷɵƶŵɱ۹󽫾Ķӣ˻ʵŸƨҲܰɱˣ
ˣܼһܵصİź˸Ѫʱ׼ţһ򲻶ԣŹӳǣȥ
ʱ𣬷зεأ
ι֪ôǾٵҶҹӣְһ춯صĴ£
ɶ¶
˵λҶӽ̫үĴ˸ˡ
Բۡôô£Ͻϸ˵˵
ǽϡ
Բԡղ˵λ̫ү˸ǰ˴Ľˣǵϵӵܣ֣
ذ
ɵƣҲԴִţҶЦʲô㲻ãҪ˵ɱˣһ߻ţ˵ɱ˶һɱĻǸ֣Ҷš
զ˵أɶ㶼Ű
͸ô㣬ָͲܷ飬㻹ţ˭ˣԴŷйɣ
˵Ҳǡ¶Щϡ桭

ҿ¶϶Ρ
Ҿǡ
ҶЦ竲ݰһҪ˵ǿŮҲǸкţҪ˵¶ǺǺǡζЦ
˵Ҳǡ
˵ǲǸ̫үҪԾ֣ⷢӡ
ף¶

ꡭ


25 
顭ǲŵġǡΪɶִأ
㶮ëǴ˵еĵ
ŶŶλҶ浹ùƽֻֻɱȻȻɱһ֡ߵֶΣҲֻˡ
㶮ƨҪģֻǸĿ
˵Ҳǡ
̫үôе˰ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǰҡͷ̾Ϣ

ʲôƨƾҶЦҲɱĽǰףǻ
Ծô˵ġ
ԴԣԴƨŴԵĻҪʵָ񣿡

Ȼ顭ȻᷢҶЦɱĽǰף

ɴѸײڶ֮ƣϯ˳ǳǣң½ܱѸ͵ɢ
һʱ䣬⣬ΪЦ̸
һߣ̫Ӹ汾ѾչжȴͻǵصԸֱˣ
Ѿھγ൱ĶԼڹҶЦʲôЩˣ˼ʵ̫ˡһʿ̫Ӷ棬ЩεЦЦң˵¶£Ҳʾ˹ע
ʿĻ֮У¶һ˿ǡôζ
Ҳڹע̫ӵ¶һ˿ͬζЦҶļи˰ԽΪˣƣǹ˼ء˼Ǻǡ
ԣ·ߡʿ
ѡڶ̫û·ֱӾ;ϵ˵Ͱĳߣֵ̲顭ô»СС»ˣڹٷҪˡϾҶǱߵ̬ȣҲҪǣһ·ֱֲӵǿӲֶΣУ
ʿ˵ͷãˡ
ǵģֻ̫˵˹ٷ棬û˵Ҳ棬Ҳû˵档
Щ棬òԼȥǡ
ʿѾ˳ȥþã̫Ǳȴûж
Ŀ⾹ڲϵ˸ŵģ૵˵ף׽磿
漴ȫЦһ׽ٻЩֻ֪׷õνļһԵģȻǹʼҲ飬ӷ㣬֪֮֡Ȼҵϡ
һЦл˳ȥ

ҶЦϥţоȻУʱÿʱÿ̶оЩ
һεӵ֮Ȼ塣
뵽һλɱĽǰףҶЦЩп
ףڵľƣԼԼĻɱĽǰ׵һΪǵ飻Ϊܶ˶֪Լĳͻۼ֤׶ţڳЩ֤޴Ĩɱ֪ΪǿΪǰԼ˼Σյľ֮С
ҶЦȴô֪ΪȻҪΪ
ΪܸоԴԼ֮ϰԣı˼룬ǶһЩӰ쵽Լ
һհǰ˺һųһ
û͵ӵܵĹԡ
ҶЦоڵԼǰǸɱЦԶ
һ֣ⲻһˡĸо
ҶЦ֪ܷչȥԸɴһΣԼĪΣ֮УԼıӦԡ
ǰεһУ
ԣȻ֪ɱĽǰ׶ԼԲҶЦȻȻôˡ
ٻ·֮УѰת澳֮ڣ
ţڵԪȫ׵ط漴žչҶЦҵ컯ԪĳԪʵ̫Ӵˣ޷ϤظоܣҶЦԾɽ߾ȫķԽУԽܣȫ޻⡣
еҶЦİԪ裬ȴҲǼھͣķתԪھͻõ⣬ȥΣԾǿ֧ȥ޷Ԫڣȴܻˡ
ҶЦ֪ԭ˿ֹͣķתȫ֮ߣ˿̵֪أĵ׷һֻ˵һֱֹͣһξ޴ʧ
ֱѡЦѡֱ
ҧ֧ţתķС
ȻԾȫ޺תоﾹԹ͵Ҫըĳ̶ȣƺֻҪһҪһ㣡
ȻҶЦĳȣԾɷһɻֵ̿ͷ
Ϊڵ״ѾҶЦ֪ǰ·ãȻ
ѵֱǴģ
ڿ˼ǲҪֹͣʱ򣬵ȵԪͻȻֹͣˣ
ȫȫһˣ
һֹ̣Ԫչһҵķڣͬʱһɵһʹ༴ʱϮҶЦǰһڣһſڣۡһһѪ˳
ɲǼǰһƬѪ졣
һ̣зڵԪ͵طֿһʺɫһɫ
ҶЦĸоֲͬԵԪ
ɫԪһȵһֿԷһеĸоɫԪȴ̺һֱƺܹһб
·ѡһ
һһ
ֻ߿ͬʱڣ
ҶЦüһѡ
ȷյȻĺôҲơ
ߣҶЦ
ٳ˼һ£ǾʱΪ
Ϊʼͬһ硣Լǰ԰ԵȵԪûл
ŵĻɣƾڵԼǾûκηǲĩ١Լû׳󣬾߱һʵ֮ǰԲǽԼǰЦϵ
ٷˣȻϣòޣȴҲֻѡԼϤĹԣ϶ϲѡԼԭķȻ෴ԡ
ǰɱԵɿԺһ㡣
ʵҶЦѡ񺮱һԭ
˼Ǵԣ˿ȴͻȻ溬ȫԵıԣм񹦵죬ȻǷͬСɵġ
ѶҶЦŽֻһǹɱԵͳ
ǹɺɫһ˲㼴ʧ٣ȫ޿֮ܣʹ˵Ȼ޴档
漴һ˿ߣӵＫٳһ˲Ѿȫ֮һܣ֮еԭƽ͵ԪȫʧϤ˱֮
Ԫת˲䣬ҶЦԸоԼͷԾǰδе
¾ϸˮһ©
ת֮䣬ҶЦһָͷߵϵһ¡
һɺʱžһӱеһ㣬˲ʱ˪ܲ漴ѿˣ
һ㺮ֱӽӸˣ
һָ֮δһɼ͵ɢ
һ̣䣬ͬһ㡣
ּҶЦ˵ȴһּȵʿοǵȫûио䣬һ


26 ˲鰸
ջָҶЦǱѵĵط˺þãмŵ˼
ƻԼղһָ֮ɵģ
ֻľۼһ±ѣ
Ĭһ£һ
֮ҲǶһŻҶЦһĿ¶˼֮ɫһҪô߳ȥ
ʱͻȻһɧ
漴ͿܼҴҴҶӣǳǸǰ˵Ҫ빫ǰȥϵһӣӦþĽǰױɱһ
ҶЦɫǽɣǰ衣
ܼҵͷҴҶȥ
ҶЦһ£㼴ǰȥǰʱ򣬾ͿˣȲ裬޿ɷϵģɫ̬ϣȫЩЩ̿֡
Ͼ򱱴󽫾ĸϣһҪԽĹӵ鰸
źģȫһЩսϱʿ֪˵⣬ÿһ˵϶ȻȻķֱ뺷ְɱϵȥ
ˡ϶˵Ĺʡ
һȺ֮еĸоֲĸоëȻҪ˿̻ܹӲͷƤţûĶӣѾǼΪס
֪У˵Ķͷ϶ðһϸϸ亹Īĸо°ǰ㼱ЩҪ籡ˡ
ڿҶЦʩʩȻ˹˼ͬʱ׵
Ҷ٣һˡһվȴǸоϥһͬʱȥȴǸղڲ֪֮λսϱƶԿѾһĵ߰˰ˣ˿һվ𣬾δ
ʲô£ҶЦ·Ÿŵһ㣬ƮƮ߹˲ʱһûйͷһ̱棬һȡˢһ˶ΪҪȣȴû뵽ֱӽȼӷϣȴţȥ
ֱʮʮĶζ״ȫȫûаȵĵУһ˫۾񣬾һɫȵ˥
ͷ̾˿С²ۡҶܹôһӣҲǼŲҡ
ģҶӣְҲǷûжԹӲ˼ͷӲͷƤм£ҪѯһҶӡ
˵ɡҶЦͷԼָףġ
ĽǰסĽˣ£ҶҲ֪ġ
Ľǰף˭ʶôҶЦãȻ̧ͷһʡ
Ľǰ˭
˶һֻĸо㲻ʶĽǰף˵㲻ʶĽǰף
ȿȿȡͷݵ¶һ˿εȻ漴Ǻ˼ýҶٵ֪ĽǰǰҶڴ·ִǸˡ˵ҶٵʱĽǰ״һ٣˵á
ҶЦ֮ǻȻ򣺡ԭǸ˵СӸүǲءţôأˣúã˭µְүҪ
漴һ²ţܹҡѵҰѵ˵Ҵ֮ȥ˼أһغˣ˵ҴүĹо̫ǿˡ
гֻ֮⣬˿Ż̿֡
ͷֿ˼ˡ磬˷Ľӱɱ֮С
ţҴģҶЦʧ̾˿漴ŭڣôģôҴģǻ쵰ҵ鷳ұ֣ǰȥߣҲ⳽ǳǣ˭˵㣡Ҳ룬ҶЦǺεǲҵ鷳ֱ̫ͷ϶ϻôʹˣǱ
ͷĵľᣬĿ⼸ֱ
˵
ǿĽϼĵϵӵܣ̫үĴӣ
˭ǲ˭
Ȼ˴Բѡֵ㵹ùڴ˵Ȼǡ˼˾Ȼˡ
촽Ҫ˵ֻҶЦ²ŭδϢ˵úã֪˭ɱĲҵûүҪô˵Ҳǰ˱үæʡ˱ү£ܲһ
ͬʱǳ鴤
Ҫҵ֣ʲô
Ҷӽյϸ˵һ飬Ҳ潻ͷЦţڵ˴еĿġ
ʲôǼǻɱ˰ɣҶЦбۣҵɱֻȡߣһûҶҪɱһΣ
ͷһ
˵˵ӹܼҰæȰ£ҶӲŲ鲻ԸĽյ龰һ飬˵ʹĽǰףҶЦüɫ裬վȱȻôȭôţôӷδչᣬڵأȻսɱ
ֱ˵ͬ۷ֶһ㾫ʵױȵĵز
֮ܶҶǿսӣʵǿӢţһһľ֡Ľǰ״ˮһǱ״Ҷӿ쵰Сơ
ô죡
˭֪ߵģ
ܿĭ׷ɵ˵Լôߴϡӣ
ˡС˵ˣͻȥͷбǱˡ
£ʲôһû˵ءҶ˵Ŀĭɣ񫣬ߵ
¹Ѿ¼ˡæϢһ뿪Ҷݷá
ǣˡҶЦ̱ѹûжĿ߳ȥ
Ҳһɢֻ˹ܼһˡ
͸Ź찡ܼüͷұΪôҲҪӴһû뵽ڸô仰ʲôá
ҶЦһȨƺˣڼλӶѾɳÿ˶ӡһѾӴ󣬲ܳ͢нҶк̨̡̫ӵĵλ᧿ΣΪһĴӣһӵôһӴ
οôǿܼ΢Ц
ҶЦͷ̫˵ŵĽǰǴӣĴӣֻĽǰ׵ʬ壬˶ѡٺ٣ٺ١
Цһ׸ԣԻȥԺȥˡ
Ҳ͸Ź찡ܼϵЦ૵̫Ӳܾô¡ѵ˵к֣
˫֣ţݣϢӦó˻أ˻ɳһƬ뽫յʱ䣬ŵĻٻҪ졭ʱǳʲô⡭
̾˿첽˳ȥһķԸʱǿ䣻ϣӲ׼аи
ԹٷĻǣ˼ɣԽġȴķʤܼ۵ǡ
⼸£Ƿӿ
һĹܼң˿̾ȻֻǸо亹ܷסүİȫûаա


27 ذ
ھʱ
֮Уһ쳣ľԺ
ǾĵĵضΣ˵ǴҲΪ
⴦ضΣȴһƬӵСɽСɽ棬ȴǣ纣֣֮УһССԺ䡣
ĵضôһƬأмȨ뼫ĲɣˣȴҪصʮ֮ɽʮ֮ߣֻ֡棬ֻʮ֮һ򣬸һССľԺ䡣
Ժ˵ĺݳ̶ȣֱǺţ
ȻݵĸвƵĻر
Ժ֮У΢ɳɳһԵʫ黭׾
˿̣΢Уһ޵ƮƮƺǾ֮ϴ
ֻУ񳯷ţ
ԺУһټܣһµˣһϣʮָŵͬˮһ㾲ĵк
һ֦㣬ټǰȼţɫڿɢ
Ů󾲾վ
˵ķɣȻֻһȴҲԹһõĻ
ƺȻǧĵһǰҲǲһֲƻ⾳ĸо
Ʈ
˿̣ɫĹâһͻȻһӰһһ㣬֣ƮȻأȻӯ˿̻ϢʹƶȻм¡Ȼ˿ǰľ֮ȴһԲվһ࣬һҲûз
ǴҲûдһڣΨһСĴǰƬ
в֮͵ǰɫԲһϣȻһƬеʮָݲȴֿ֮Ծţ΢΢ÿĳüޣȻչţƺȫȻûзǰıʡ
ڣڡһ֮էȻֹͣԾڿƲ
ǰ껺ջԼ֣³һͷ۾һͷڷôȻȻ
ǵӰǰһҪ˵꾲һֻ֣ҡҡ
ĬĬ˻ȥ
ãһε۾ЦлǣһգҲҵһǵȥӦٻ꣬꽻ڡһصĺ£ҲǡԼһĪء
ʱ䲻ܴ국Цţ˽ۣԣ飬ҲҪһȡ
ǣӡ˹ĵͷǫ֮ܽɫ
˵ΪѾǵ˵Ԫ߷ĲΣȥһЩɣ׽˵ѾǶ֣ǰȴūԼһ㡣
ֵıԼıȻǸ֮£ĵףǷǳҫģ
ƺܹΪ굱ūţѾ֮е˵飬һĪɾͣ
ڿ˵ˡϣ΢Ц֣һߣһλݵİŮ͵һѩ׵˿ĽӹԼϲ˲ֵ˻ȥ
һĶɣȴͷûأǰŮȴ˫ֵֹؽӹ
ĽϼĽǰף˾ǣ˵ֵ򱱽ҶЦȻȻ󲨣Ľϼ巽ҹɳ֣ϸǳǣ¼ʼĩԵɡ˵ͷ˵
ţ˫ַСǰͷ
Ľǰ׵ɵܶ࣬ĿǰܹȷǣҶЦɱԡĽϼһο˱֮ơ˵Ľϼ岻ӦäĿ˹Ļ㱨ɵһҶЦһӵܣûɱĽǰ׵οĽǰ߻ֻһٻɱԪߣ¡ɵ
ܵ˵߰ɵ㣬ÿһ㣬оݣ
ʼգƽţԣֱ˵ķŵƺЩ
ӹһĨɲ˷ܣغһ£лӿ佱
ǣ΢Цһ£еɵ㣬ǽڵһĻϣǡԲҶЦɱġĲܳ
һǴģô֮еһжȫ̷תΪǻ޾塭ΪҶЦȻûɣôȻµ֣һֱ鲻ˡô죿ֻͽȻһһǿĵˣΪеЩȴȫԩ޹ǾġݵѪ𣡡
侲Ŀźˡ
ðҶЦȴʵûʵһĿã֪
ţ֪΢Ц֪ʵô֪ҶЦûʵôСҶЦģʵ
ҡȻ
ôĽǰʱֳˣ΢Ц
ҲûСȻ
ôҶЦɱɱĽǰףûɱĽǰףǴӺδµĶۣüëһ¡
ƿԡ
£ֻ벻ģȴûģô벻ͨû֤ݣȴԼȸԼ˷򡭡국ǡ
ǡ˴죺ӽѵǡ
ҶЦΪʲôɱĽǰףΪβɱĽǰףĽǰΪβҶЦ̧Ƥ޾ԣȻҶЦֻаٷ֮һСĿɱĽǰףôпɱĽǰף
λĺơ
ڳȴˡ
ô顭빫ʾ¡˵ͷ
Ʋº͵ЦЦԽԽáĽϼˣ̫ӵˣٸˡٶûϵǸҶЦ
Ϊʲô˳׺Ϳˡ
үղŲǻ˵ҶЦɣôȴֲ
ҶЦһζԹͶˣ͵ˣʧˣûˡһЦƽ˾˿ɲǺѽ
ǵġ𾴵˵
ԣĽϼ巽治һ˭Ҫȫº͵Цţˡļµ֣ҲҶµ֣λµ֣Ҳǽµ֡ھţô
ףóϷıȭ
СϢͲԭ飬չôˣº͵ЦʵѾһ죬Ҫҵȥô


28 ˳˺ޣ
ϢѾˡͷͣЩֵ̿ĵѾҵüĿڰչ˵ļƲȥʵУӵļƲߵЧ֮ڣм
국ȻͷǾͺáϣǲʧ
亹ҹУ
һЦ˸ƣŮǰһƶתȥ
λĪĹӣȻһλеĲмˣ
ӣҶЦ˸Ͻһ䡣
ϣͷҲأҾʱ򣬻õҶЦ𣿡
ǡȻ
ѾؽԺ棬мλõ
ǰһӰҵĻζһղŻڵһɿտԺӣȻգۼʧˣĴȻܹԼ·һ㣬ԶŲƹѸһƬĿհס
֮䣬ﾹȫһƬ֣ͷβ֡
Ψһĵ̾ϢһеߵվǷȱˡϢܸζӦѽ
ĵ𣺡ӣ
ȥ국ٸû񵤣һû
ȣӣһô࡭˵һš
һеġ국˵
ʧ
˹أ漴ӺһƮƮƬ֣ʧӰ١
ʻ֮ûκ鷢ƽ˾
ѵ£ҶЦ㲻ԼץÿһÿһǱԼڵȫԪɼ֮Ϊ
⣬һؾϲ뼫֮һɼ֮ûʧǱԼ徭֮УֻǴڸмˣȴʵ顣
֮ıԪһڱһͬڣˣֽ׶ε񹦣ֹɣͷ
ȴӵùһЩ
ԭһ֮лЩʱȺȲ裬ȲĿҲˡ
˿飬ֱǹɵòٹɡ
ùܼҴ˺οүǳˣֱǻһҲơ֪֪εĸ˰
νǧǣһãϹܼҹȻߣȴҲһߣɲǻһô
޼ɺһΣҶЦÿζһ˳ȥӵܣӳΪ֣øȥ
޼˶ҶЦġԲѡ
쵰ȻԷΪ֡
϶Σ
˵ξûѣ
´򲻹㲻Ǿ֣Ҳסɡ
˵̫еˡ
ҲͰˣȻ˵ӵܡ
ǣòԼӵһ㡣
ͬһϵƣ˵϶ˣ
ȻǾ٣ಮ١
ߣ竣ԺҪÿ
ԣ˵ɶҲ˾ΰȦӡ
ƣߣ
ߣ

˿Ըߣһȴζϲߵġ
ҪǣϻһӣǸӣҶЦĸ⸳裬ר̡ţǹܽҶЦġ
˵Ȼǵҹ¿
ҹ¡
Ϊʵ۹ΨһǺεĹѫܱΪȨ£
үӣԶӲôϡȴֻҹһŮΨһ飬Ȼϡúڿ»ˣµˣֱǳ赽ȥ
˵ȡֵʱ򣬻үǵĴȫΪԼıŮȡ֣ȡˡظգµաԢ⣬պں
ղҹ֡
ңҹ¿Ȼǧ谮ԼûΪĽӣҶЦоԽܡ
һΣҹµӣҶЦȴһҪȾӵָо
һĸо
飬ϸ˵ǰ
ǰЦȻһտΪЦڰ˻ģز񷣬һȴĴͯӹ
·ϣѲ֪˶ٽգɫˣЩգһҶЦҲһ޲á
ҶЦȴǰĹȱݣʵֻܿܳԡֻܰڳһ̬Ҳ֪˺˶ġ
һȻȥʱҶЦΨбӲʣֻһ̾Ϣ
գҹԼϵδޣˮ˫ĿԼϵʱҶЦһ¶
ϰ֮£ЩҪ֮زز
ǰƺָһףһ˫ȻӣƺǰͻȻ֣ԼȴȻ
㡭
ҶЦʶ֣૵
ֻ˵һ֣Ȼֻ㱵״̬˳ԳһЦЦϸһ˿į


ƮһУȴȫĿ¡
ׯϵĹԺȴǶһ·ء
һһɿɸߵ񣬱ڴ˵Ĺ㿰˴ͷҲҪ񣬾ȻֻһĹ
һⲻ֪Ӻζһ󼱾˸
ɫâŷɣ
һĴƮɢ
Ĺϣؿ֡
ЦӢۣ
ǵⶸȻһգһ͵͵̾Ϣ֮һ㼱ת˹ߵķ䴰ڡ
ʧ

һӰְɴǽϵһ֣ã˫ӻϣžӨȻ
һΪ㱨ģ
ȻӲҵɷ򣬵ԼӣţһԹһˣұΪ㱨ѩޣ
ˣ㻹ܷҵôֹΪعҶЦûĵĻ쵰Һ㣡Һ㣡ҽĺ㣡
еĺޣеȴԽԽ࣬ڵϣǽϣһոս뽣ʵıҲһ˻ڻӦ˰޾⣬ƺڿһʹɱ¾
ǽϣ˽һ֣˳ճŵ֡
ּɷ裬޾
һ᣻ĪģƮȻʧգ߲ƣ
棬һС֡
лڣεӰֻĺ˻ġ
֣ҶЦ
ɵ֣һʱгƭӣĺ˻ģﻹʲô
ĪģѾҵ͸
ƮȻʧգ߲ơȻʧˣǲƣںη
ƭƭƭӣɶɺ޵ƭӣ
һתϣޡ
ͷߡΪТʮ죬طһꡣ˻վĨȥᣬ૵һ̽ɽΪ㱨𣡴˳˺ޣݣ

ôˣôˣҹ¿ҶЦһ겻ӣʶһС֣ǰ˻ΣιĪҪӣʲô
ҶЦ񣬹̬ؿһզˣ


29 ߣˣ
ţҲ𣿡ҹԶʱεСצ˵ҵļңǰ鿴飡а⻰ǲ
ֻСֿʼŤϵıӣʾĺߺţбۿҶЦһҪҾ͸һӡӡ
Сǿһζ״ӣȴֻпɰˣʲô塣
ҶЦȻƣȴҲЦҵļҡ󡯡ǰ鿴顯СѾͷ˼
Ҳһ㿴ҹ¶Լû̫෴еģֻ˵׮ѾںˣԷ¶Լ顣
СҶЦæȣô᲻ӭأҼңۼңҸ˻ء
ߺߣߺߡҹһ֮ĸ̬űֺҶЦһȦ漴ӳ鶯ɵ˵ףЦЦɶʱζôˣŪʲôˣ
˵ʲôֶҶЦϷϣĵȴס
νζţɺܼ򵥣ھϴ֮ڵ۹Ѿ˳ȥ̶ȣͬڳӤζȻš
϶Сҹ¿϶˵ţһߴսҶЦȥɵŮ˵֬㡭Ҳǻ㣬ǡףѽ
ŷԼòƿЩ̫Щ̧ͷһҶЦЦЦĿԼӢԣԼߣš
ת֮䣬ɵþһСһ˳ȥֻĿһҲʱɲǼֽżû˷ŴŤŤ󣬻ҲҪŤ˳ȥ֪ΪνȴûжԷһ֮С
ҶЦȴǷһů⣬Щζ˵ɰС
ҹԶʱһֺ쵽˲ӣͰ͵˵㡭űҴ٣ߣȻȻĿ˵㡭ҪǸٺ˵ҡҾ㣡
ҶЦ˿ΪĹЦ¾÷ǳ
ҶЦЦҶЦϵζҹһϵĺϼǵû£ӵĺˣӵ޶ˡ
СͻȻӿһĪͷδķء
ҵķء
ͷһ𣬾þòȥǸӵ߲֡
ڴ֮ǰҹµУֻǽҶЦһ飬ֻһԼĶ󣬳Ĳɸĵˣ˶ѣ˶ѡ
˿̣ͷȻĵȴĻõСһ
ͷû˵̧ͷʱȴҶЦѾڶϣھ۾Ŀһ飬һӡ
СвһϾûоôҡ
Ȼһ֮࣬ȴҲЩʧ䣺Ϊβһֱң
ߵǰ£ǰſʵӣ֪ʱֹȥ˺þá
ҶЦһ飬Ƭ̣ѸоҹԼǰûߣ̧ͷֻСֱ֧棬˫עԼ
ɢһĪĳζ
²֮࣬ʵôˣ
ҶЦĿ˵˼ҹԾĿЩ㱣ЦЦһʱ˺öడ
˺öࣿôҶЦü
аСѾͷͷ˼ţԭȵ㣬ȻͬһӣȴһĪоأ뱩һ٣ڵġĸоûˡֻһ֡
Сüͷ˼ѰһܹԼиоĴʻ㣬ãŵƺǡݣˡΪʲôأңأƺ˺ööĹ¡ְ
ҶЦüëЦ
ˣ
϶Ǳˣ
䣬ǹˡ
ҶЦҶЦЦǲǴأ
ֻǣĲòϣŮ˵ֱǿµġ
ҹȻΪһŮܹ飬ǾԲģԭǸҶЦȴΪŮˣӱϾͶԭҶЦ˵竵
ڵĳݣ˺ö¡ĸоڵҶЦ
ҶЦвԾʱһһ˲ڲͬġһڣҪע⡣
ԭԼЦݺ¡
һʱһʱٱֳǰЦ̬˲˵һʮǶôĹ졭
ڵľǣҲвܹԼ֮ΪвӶܹԼ֮ء
Ψнòʵ֣һֳͷβαװڻ
ңҶЦܹоһ㡣
ϣʱԽ࣬ԽǲԼǰߵ·Ǵġ
ÿһξһЩ̬ͻоԼƺʲôʲôûס
ⱾҶЦһֱ벻ͨһ¡
ѵɴҪ飿
һ¡
ˣԼǰеִͯӹȴγֵģ
ǧִ巴ǿɼ
һΣ粨СĽǰǼһȻɱģڸ֤ݶָ㡣ҹͻȻЩء
ҹԭҲû࿴أܾҶЦûʲô˵ģҲЩϧѣȴĪص
ҹԼףԼתġ
ǰмһ˵ˣ񾹱Ҫˣ
ڵĴΣءҹĵ۲ҶЦϡ
֪ҶЦͷһΣȥ˼ˡӶգҽ룬Ʒ񵤳뽭ҵ£ʱͻȻ˳Ҳͱ˵ĵˡ
ˡôģҹµĵʵʵڲУҵĻ뿪ǣǰԶǰǷ֮ء
ҶЦ룬ж֮䣬һζηձգԽǷ˼⣬ԽǶ˵Ļᣬܹͦȥô˵һθɱ䣬Σδزתǲͦȥû飬һֻҲʲôɾ͡
̸ϱԼںˣӻںԼˡ
ҶЦЦţңڻСЩźҲûγɣͦȥҲͦȥ
˵仰ʱҶЦɵҲôԼһ˫
²Ȼһ̾
ҹµһȴʱֺ
⡭⻰ʲô˼
ͦĹȥȻ⡣
ͦȥ˵ǡԼںˣںԼˡ˵˭
СЩźûγɡ˵ʲô
ѵ˵˵ң
СѾͷʱ죬һļɤۣϲۣڻûʧ̬֮ǰĺһɶϵ˵Щǡߣ˼Ҫˣ
վһ磬ƮҡҡҴҵ˳ȥ
ֱڡӣ


30 ̿
ҶЦȻ۾ʱղŻǰǸӰʱѾʧֻ洫ֵ߲һлСƶߣ컬˼
漴õõãԶˡ
Լ˵˾ʲô漴û
ǰ¶ɶϵ˵ЩҲûɶϵҶЦͷƤ૵ôͻȻôˡǣ
ͷֻоһͷˮ૵Ůġ治֪ʲô
ܼҼҴҶҹѾˣһһקסҶЦӣĽϼ巽֣Ѿ˾⣡ſھѪ˵ʮ棡Ѫᦶʮ棡
ҶЦȻѪᦣѪᦣʲô⣿
ܼҼţ㶼֪ǾʮţʮᦱʾѪᦶʮʾݣϹʮţʾԶûлĿܣܶôãݣ
ҶЦ˷ƤΣ
ܼң
ҶЦʩʩȻ˸˯ȥĻźˣŵʡҺ¡ֻ˯ȥһᡣ
ܼĿɿڴĿԼҹʩʩȻȥֻĵﻯˣţǲȽһٵʱȴҶЦķѾˣٹƬ̣òĳ𡭡
桭ܼε죬ʲôҲû˵ˡ

ҹ
ҶܼҴ˳ҹδߡ
ͻȻһƬĻ֮С
û֪Ƭ纣֮Уһ˫峺侲۾עµĶ
ƺҹɹ鳲һֻֻ˷ɻ֣ŵһʱѵõķ֮С
ǰ֣ҲûзʲôȺȴ۵ͷֹ
ֹһֻһֻȻ䵽ϣεΪۣǣһһСС裬
ӣЩЪЩ飬ҺͺáһŮĵ߹Ȱ
Լֵʱ򣬻ԼԶֵĺáЦЦЩҲͦˣżϢһ·Ƭ̡ģС۲ңЩҲҴķʽ޺
һЦֻҪӻߣۡҪӵȡĶܵġ
꾲΢Цһ޿ɱĽѣȶȹˣȻͺˡʱ䣬ȴǴĥԼʱʱ䣬ϵԺĴɾ͡ģûµġͷˣķˣ
š¶΢ЦڻǽеĴ˰ϡ
ҪᲽ뿪ȴ૵˵ûоãҶЦֺ֣
֣ü
ʵʵڹŹ֣ڴǷ棬Ȼõǡ֡
ֿ֪Ǻ˼ء국ЦЦ˼ĵǿϧѽ
΢΢̧͸ï֣ңԶգãһ̾ϧ
ϧԲԲ۾һʵ
ȴҲû˵ʼרĵط鱨
ǵһ꣬Ҫˡ
Ҳģһꡭ
૵˵˭ң·ƣ
ü֮䣬¶һɷĵ׵ļį
һ⡣
һ֣ߴʤ
漴˵ú¾ˣעҶеĶ춯飡
Ӧһȥ

һҹע˲ƽ
ǳ˷Ŷ˽룡
ŵˣǵ͵ǣһЩɢˣҲǾĵĽ롣
Ҷ䱸ɭϡ
Сҹ»ȥ֮ԻϹ˰λɢҶ֮У뾯䡣
ܼҴԴϾȻһʽǳصĵ
ʮѪ˾ĿĶһۣбݣΪ֮ݡ
Ѿжûпλɱ嵶ˣҹע޷ƽ
һĨɫͻȻʧŵľޱߵҹĻٶڽ١
ʳǣããҹɫ֮С
ֻǽ񳯲ͬգһεƣڽʳǡ
һҹͨİ˼ңҲƺоѹ׷׹űջϢ
ʳǽһȻ֪ʲôԭֻΪĳȫƾ֤ĸоҲڲٴУӱСġ
ҹɫ
ҶЦķнϢ֮ǰͣϢҲûˣƺĳѾ˯ˡ
ܼ̾˿૵Ȼ˯ȥˣҵүҸ˵㣬д󽫷ȡ˵ûûΣԵأ
һζԼλүһֿ͸˼
ʱҲЩǣӦʱͷɣʱȴһݰһͷβ֣
ҹУѰķ
ܼվҶԶԶر㿴мӰԲͬն
ڵҹɫ֮У˵һ״֮࣬Щҫۡ
ܼ̲ס۾С
ֻоĨɫۡ
̫үǱ߿ǵٳƽ⣬λᣬȻѹԼһĶȫĽϼҶ˵鷳
ΪĽϼЩȻǷӣǸûпҶЦǲɱĽǰ׵ףҲںҶЦûɱĽǰס
ɵȫȻ
Ǿֻ룬ɱҶЦ
ֱ̫
Ȼǣǿʼ˶ȻǴ㽫뷨ʵ
ܼз߷ߣҹˣ֤һ㡣ĽϼѾ߸̫ˣĽ֮Ĵڣϣɱᡭ
ĸӰƮƮۿžҪ̤ҶΧǽ
ܼҴһʲôˣֹҶؽ磬£
һЦ𣬱˵ǸСӺڣϽʲôҶЦǽ죬͵ǳһҹˡ
ʱܴһ̶Ц
λа˴Ľϼ˵ԸһǵĽǲѴ֮ѹͲ
ȻδĽϼмĽǰ׵ݣòƻʸĽϼмΪ𣻵ֻƾǰЩˣҲ㹻һʱ
ܼĿŭλǴҹģҶҹҪܺõڡһСĿĵԼǿɾ͵òʧˣ
˵ںõúܣһ򱱽ʲôѵĶһӣȵȥҵҹ˳
ǣ߸һӦ
һ̣߸˾ͱҹеߵõĽ⣬ý˲ʱҹգŽ֮ڼ䡣
ܼͫһϺȣסǣ
ʮѪѾȴѾãԴͬʱӦ漴ҪչѪս
µĽϼˣ߷ĽмǷͬСɣһսʵûжٰգˣȴûһ
Ȼһ˲䣬һס


31 һ˶ͷ
һ̣
Ҷֻ֣ĽϷˣͬʱס
Ϊܼһ֣˵סǡĸֵһ˲
вͬʱӦǣ
ش治٣òԶԶֹʮ
ʮѪҪ֣ȴûüֵ˲䣬ȴӰȫ׵Խ˳
硣
ڳ˶ʣΪȻȻȴǷĹܼҡ
ܼҵɫԭķŭ˼ȵľ㵣һͻȻ͵ſһֻӣ
߸ͻȻˣǴģ
ǽĻҲǻ
ȴԼһµʱ򣬾ôηĳȥ
Щʲôˣ
һ˲䣬ڳͬʱɾ㵱˳ͷβ𾪣һҪ𾪵Ըӵĵز
ֻⳤ߸ɴĺˣһȥסĸ߸Ľϼˣ
֮䣬ʯ֮ʣ
ꡭ
߸ͷķ˰գ
Ľϼڣȴһ֮£߸ȫǣͬʱ˲
߸֪ͻأսŵĺˣĽϼ巽Щνĸ֣Ȼм֮ҲûС
ķ漴ҵ촦еḶֻ́ڵʯ֮䣡
ͬʱʯ
ʮѪ㶺ǺǵĿձŷɵѪ꣬һ׷ʲô¡ܼȻǼʶ㣬ȴҲ̲סһסˡ
ת֮䣬ȴǵ˾ߵĻ䣬ڵһʱðһ뷨ģˣ
Щ֪Ӻδðĺˣ˲Ľϸ֣ȴǲ⡣
Ϊڵı״ǣ߸Լһ֮ȫˡ
Ҳ˵߸Լ֮£
ûĽǰ׵飬ĽϼҲ˲ݵѪ
ˣĽҶұתأ
ܼһ̼ը˷Ρ
̧ۿȥֻʮѪԼĿ⣬Ȼǳ𾪺ͳݣ
䣡
˴һ
ܼһѪƨ
ӶԷŵòʵô
ģһαӵĿɲһĺݰ
棬ĽϼͷߣͬʱҲǴ˿ΨһҴߣһˣֱӾͻˡ
Բֻۣһôֻһ׹ҵĽôⲻǿӵôǻʹڣԼЩ˳ȥҲԲȫûŶ԰
ջҪҲôɣ
ܵսһɣ
ôô˿вһĶˣ
ôɾôĲѧ
˵е˲𰡣
ҶҼסˣĽϼ巽ֻһɲǣʼˡ
Ϊ⼸˼ȻܹͶ֮佫Լȫɱ⣬ôԼ;Բκһ˵Ķ֣
ߵˣԼСҲҪ
˿̵ΨһֻСϽˣߵԽԽãΪģֻΪԼС
Ψл̸
Ȼոտʼ˵˲䣬ѾշɣȥʱϬһĵżѪѾؿںݺ͸˳
Ȼ¶Եľɫʣͷȥ
һ˲֪ʱѾվţĿ䣬İ˳Ȼˣαػߣ
Ľϼλͷؿһۣ漴йðѪĴӸ߿¡
Ǻǵһۡһͷأ
һţʬȥһϣ
һ̣˸ͬʱڿһϤԾҶΧǽ
ܼγѣ𣬴ȵʲôˣΪ˿ӺҶң
˸һԣããҹɫһš
ڹܼҵʻȻܲش
ǰ˸ʧҹɫУ촦İ˾ʬ壬ſŨŨѪζܼҴ˴ľᡣ
һΣǱӵòˡ
ֱͶû͡
ʮѪӰӰ߳׷ŹܼΧ£һϲЦտϴˣ̫ţˣ̫Եˣֻһ£˸ڵĻ˾ô촦
ϴ̫ˡ
ϴ󡭡
죡ȫұ죡ܼҿɥסҪѪĳ嶯ǱˣȫǼĶʲôֵùϲģ
ţϽȥҶЦԲߡ
ܼҺεķ֣ΨһһܹԼģȻλ竹ӡһлĸԴ
ܼҶЦʱȴ֣ԼλүѾڷС
֮ǰĳΪ˯ȥˣѵѲˣ
ܼҲаһͨңȻұҶȴҲûҵҶЦκεټ
Ψһֵõοֻз룬ȻĳүǱ°Ӷȥ
ҶЦȥˣ
竴үߵϢûκ˲أ
ܼѾ˲˼ô߶˵⣬ֻ㳤̾
ҵĹүôҵʱ㵽ʲô֪˶ΪĿôô
̫˰ɣ
ڸгôӣƾոĻˣôҪȥܣ
鷳࣬ô

ܼĲ´ˣ
ҶЦһֱҶͷβһ㲻©عһ쳣ս
˵ĽϼЩ˵ʱҶЦԭѾ׼Ҫˡ
Ȼ˵ڳֻᱩ¶ԼʵԼǲ֣Ҷ½һҴ档
ȻԼ͸λܼҡ
ǣǰ˸ͻȻ֣һնɱĽϼ֮ҶЦһӳĬ۾Ĺʣ
ΪʲôҪôɣ
ҶЦҲ֪Զ׼
ҶЦΨһĵֻСЩʲôأ
ҶЦ˼ʱѾĵĴӺƮ˳ȥӰس˴ԺһӰȻȺ
Щ߼޻ˣ߼޻ɹ֮ҪؼҵİɣȥǵϳȻ֪Էĵϸ
ҵҪ֮Уʲôڻˮ㣡
ҶЦһ޻ϵİ˸Ѹ뿪ವشҶЦͷӹ
ҶЦ˴ʱ̥Ϣ״̬֮Уȴûмʱȡ
Ϊ˿ҶУԾɶ಻֮ͣóȻֻ籩¶Լѣ
ǰ˸Ӱʧ֮ˢˢˢ½ʮӰ˷ӶȥЩȻǱҹǱ￴ġ
ˮĲ٣ɽۻģȻҲôࡣҶүһ
ֵƬ̣Ҷ֮еһӰ΢΢һΣһӰ˿һƮ˳ٶȿ쵽˼㣬ʾܿһۣ漴ֻһʹҶʧ
ҶЦĿӰȴҲ˶ƮƮķ𣬾ڷһ̣Ѿ˼˵ĸı䡣
ҶЦ˿̵α֮ԭ㰫һͷȴࡣ
ȥᶵۼƷ񵤵ġ֮衯ӡ
ƮҹУʵ飬ٶȻ쫷绹죬ƶȴȫûγɰ춯
ҶЦĶ
١
ˮȥ磬Ӱ١


32 ɽ֣Ů
٣
һר伣׷ٻ߷׷ٵҶЦɱһеĶŴǼһҲǵԪڣҶЦԵԪ۷εʵȻ׷һ£
ǼһʵûˣҶЦ»׷ϡ
ѵⲿ֮ҶЦֱķ
ⲿκʱκεطܹ٣ٵ룡
ĹЧ߽ľţķžȻô˷ԪϬû
Цʹһ๦ʵϣֱʱգǵһõ
ЦȺ׵ʵԣʼûܱƵҶЦⲿΣ
һ·׷ȥǺӰƺǽĺܣֻǲʲôһ·ϲϻͷתǰǰı˲ʮֵ
춼ˣȻͣסŲվǱ滷һӣ׼һȥ
ҶЦ²ЩȻ
˵ΪӦþڵԪƷӣȻҶЦҲΪΪߣӲ֮ӵеȴʵǿ£
ҶЦһ·棬ʼմڰ֮⡣ԭ׷ڴԼʮҵľ룬Ϊʵ̫ͣ˶ԷľűôȦӡ
һֱ˴֮ľſ˰֮ԶöԷǡ
ҶЦ˽˶ԷﻹóȻ
ԷнǰһɽǺһɽҶЦŸҪȥȴּ˻ȥϾðһ亹
ԭǸվɽȻٴλϸز鿴һ顣
ɽ߰˸Ӱ˷ȻɢָʧӰ١
һĽСģֱǵ˷ָĵزҶЦаһ䡣ȻƮһ·ŲݴСƮȥ
ԷϳӦþˡ
ˮ˾˭һӦþɽ֮ȻһĿȻҲܹһĶߡ
ҶЦаգӺ˵ĽϾжϳ
ֻǣǰطһ̶Ѩ
ҶЦģǡȻƽֻһɽɽȴʲôֲﶼûУ
κֻҪȥ;ԲΣ
ҶЦСȥֻ¶Դ̧һͷ
棬һƬ֣һƬһ֡
ɽ֮ⲻֵôС֡
ǵش֮ڣôһƬִȻǹٷġٷȻôһǴ˵عڹٷģʼұԺ֮ࣻһǡطǹٷҲǲһڡ
ҶЦͷֻһƬ񺣣֮ʲô
ȻֻһۣҶЦԼῴ
֣沢ûдıԺ
Ƭ֣ʵЩŹ֡ҶЦš
ϾȻԼһۿ͸Ķ
ת֮䣬ҶЦϸػԼղſһۣ֣Ժð˳
󷨣
ȻһΣյĸоȻӿͷ
һ̣ҶЦٶ뿪
ǰŸո뿪ʱ˷ʮѾŵ߰ĿԣҶЦոմɽͷ
⼸ʮˣÿһΪղǼ˲࣬һЩǿ
Щκһ˵ΪҪڵҶЦǿǿܶࡣ
ҶЦһΧȦ֮УôһǧҲһ
ҶЦվѾˡ
е߼޻ƲеĻˮеġ
ɽ
֡
ҶЦɽͷ֮ǰĶƬ̡
С
ԾɶϣһС
һһĺ˴ֶ룬ȴûһֻǾĵһԡ
»ûô۾
ǡϴ֣ȵط£Բⷢһ˹Ļش
ٷʵԣһ΢΢۾һһЩźá
δ䡣
һһĺѾȻ룬ûü˵ͿͻȻһţ෽쳣˵׷٣ץ
Ǹոصĺˣʱһɫ
ҲԹŹ񿴹
ǺЩ޵ݣԼȻ
ǹӲƣԼȻ֪
߲޵أ
һ£ʮ˼ʱ˳ȥ
û˰յ˼ɽͷ˶һȡ
үδ˵Ȼ˵ˣǾһˡ
һΡأ
ӰһƣһӰɽ
س˳ӣ漴һңңһۣһۣȻҶЦȥķ
һ̣üͷȴǸ֣
Ժ⣿¿ûˣзЩȴһݽңһ仰Щ
ǰȴǾڴ˵ŻŽµɽͷ֮أһƬϸϸĲݴԡΣȴӪĿ
ѭĿ⿴ȥ̵ĲҶȻ۶ϵļȻԣȴȻˡ
һƬݴԣȫ̵ݡȴֻҶ۶ϣ˵˵ģѾ˼ݳ۶ϵӦǾҷ뿪ɵ©˵伣ǱֶΣɳ֮
ǱλõλãҲ滷ɽ֮УΨһһܹ棬ᱻ˵ƵڡҲ˵˼ϸ壬ϵ
Ժȥӷ֣һֻôһʱ䣬Ȼŵ֣Ҳüһ۶ѡ
ǽ˵Ѿûˡ
˵˵оΣգԿһ֮󣬾뿪
˵ϣˮȾϣѵáΪˣҪٿһۣһۣԿǵĲãλѡ˽žˡ
£϶ж֣׳ʿ
УûκζΨһֽȻζ˳ɽɢȥӦǾëϴḶ́򲻸ζ
ϵĲҶķλһ״жϣӦһϥǣһ⣬һֻϥǻţʱ׼תȥԤ״֮УҪȻϵӦĸŶԡ
ݷλֲ˵ӦǲǺܸߡȴܿࡣȻʵ˹ıξû˵ˡ
ҶЦƻһ亹
벻ֻƾżϵĲҶͱô
Щ£˵ףѣѺѡ
òֻǰߵһŮ
һŮѾˣôָΣ


33 
Ůüͷһ¡
ţҸղŵķһֻǾ˵Ϊδеôߣǵ漫ߣĳȣҶ϶ϲ۶ϵļ󡣵˵ΪΪδغܸߣǣŸο¡
仰˶ףΪԽߣԽ࣬ԽΪߣȴǣǸµģɾɲ
ƮƮᣬȴһһ˵ˣʵߣȴܻԤϵıҶˣǱ͸Ӵˡ
ͬʱͷɫ
к˶뿪ˡ
Ψأվɽͷá
£ûбʾʲôںʱ򣬰ֻǵһ䣺ûĶ֣ǺȤ
漴Ҷ£ǸôоôУ´ٱ˸٣Ͱ˴ҿ
Уһ˿ڴζ
һ֡ڷһɹĶǲĶ֣ϲ뵣ġ
ĵǣǰöʧ

ҶЦһһļɽ֣ȫչƶٶֱ룻أԸо亹乣
ֿµΣУȻ
ԭôһµĵطµˣ

һ·صУҶЦأЩ¡һֱ߶ϵĸо
纣
ؿտ
ҶЦоһ˲䣬һĿ⣬ͻȻԼԼ
˵ΪԲһϵĸ֡
ĸ֣ȴҲԲӦô֮УӦá
Ϊ䣬ݲˣҶЦܿ϶¡
ڵʵǣȴƫƫʹˡ
Ϊʲô

ӣǱ˼޻鷳ˡҶЦһظͱܼܼϣһ˿ŨŨĲ
鷳ҶЦüðɡ
ܼȻ
ɱ˼Ұ˸֣Ǵ鷳
ǲ߼޻ĽϼˣѵͻŹǣһΣҪˮ롣ֽ룬ǳʲôĿģĿǰ˵ȴǶġ
ҶЦ΢΢ЦЦ
ܼԾ÷ģǵġԽԽоλүĻòЩˡء
ҶЦһ£ŵ
ֻǣȴҲͬԿ϶һ㣬ȻʱǸ߶ǵ˼ȴǾԲ
һԶԸĵˣ
ĿǰʵӦ˵ĵˣ
˵仰ʱҶЦƬɽƬ֡
ʱ򣬵Ҳǿ԰æġ
ֻҪǴڴҪ˵λãͿɱݣ
ϴҪˣҪˣبŲսԣ
ȻϣֻãҲͬ
ܼҵͷ
ҶЦЩԳЦЦԭ˿𣬲ҪˣҲһԱֶΡ˵仰ʱЩꡣ
Цݺĺ˻ģʱ˿ߵﶼǷ˼⣬˶֮Ϊв
ڣȴҪ˵ԱҶЦ˵һּΪķ̡
㿴ҲҪʲ𣡡ҶЦһ˵һ죬һ㷢֣Ҫҵĵˡ㻹ҪǧٱŬ
ҶЦ˵߽꣬˼ţϢһ¡
߼޻Ľϼ˻ŹܼɵһĶͷȻ
ҶЦѾߵԼǰͻȻתͷĵʵ壬Ҽǵã棬ĵشһƬյأһƬ֣
ܼԾסˡ
ҲΪƬ֣ȴΪһΥġ塯
һʱ䣬ĳȣӡԴ𣬾Ҳûнй壡
񣬾Ȼˡ
һʱ䣬ƺٴηӵأƺǸ§ԼĲĽĺӣԼ
һʱ侹ȻۿЩʪ
֮תͷιܼңһ²飬ЦȷʵôһյأֻƬյأȴǱΪأֹκ˽룬Ȼ󳼣ˣҲ⡣
أôҶЦ֮ǰҴ·û뵽о֮أţԼǸԺءǵؽ粻֪ʲô˸ȥģΪأ
ιܼĳȣþòϢȴ֪˴˿ҶЦУҲм
Ҫ֪Ц׽磬˭ܱƺһ壿
ֻǣҶЦȴѾˡ
Ȼ磬ΪˣҶЦȻǱҶЦȴͬʱҲǴҶЦȻѾǴҶЦôһжҪͷʼ
Ψо̬ܹ̤ϴ
ЩǱҪµݡ
ǰԼ̬һҪҪڣͣڹȥ
ܼЦЦؽľҲֻ֪˵һλǳ˲ˡ
ǳ˲ˡҶЦ˼һ£˵ͷ
Ҫţֻܼ˵ӣǲǻûзҪƬֵⰡ򲻿ɰĻʵ۱£ҲǲҶƬֶԽġ
ҶЦͷһ𣬵֪ˡ

̫Ӹ
Ľϼ巽ĿǰţһʮȻ٣ӿ̫Ӹ֮ȴҲ˶ˡ
ȥҶѰƵģֻа˸ˣЩ֮еǰ顣
Դǵ̫үʼû¶棬ȥ˻ʹһֱûг
̫ӵ̫Ľϼ˶֪̫ڱʾΪһĽǰףҪԹ
̫ڿͬʱԼֵܵսκһҲƲ硣
ֻҪһŲпʱ룬һͿءһʧȥӵļ̳Ȩôƽն磡
΢ĵڣȴѡһС
Դˣ̫ӺܲѾȷ˵ˣҲѾô˵Ļûá
ǣ¼ʼ¹شӵһ̫ӻ治˵ʲô
ϣҲֻܶ㿪
ȻѡܶȻҪѡõıܼ֮أ㵽ȥõѡ
ǵõѡΨһһѡ
ȻڱҲδػܣܻ಻Ҫ鷳
ܱպһЩ飬˵ǰѱ
ʼǱ״
ֻǶĽϼ˵̫ڻڣǵжʲôӰ죬ΪýѾ赽ˡ
ֻȴ˷Ϣδⳤһ㣬һֱȵ˺ҹҲûϢء
ػûΪ׵˵仰ʱ򣬶һֱڴϢҲڴ˻
һس˴
壬ˡһʮˣ˿̻Ұףǻ֮̿ɫ
ôˣʲô£˾ţҲʱо鲻Ѱ
һվ
ǰ˸ˡȥԸҶҵǰ˸ˡҶңһûл˵ȫ촦촽ţңһͷһ˲


34 үݵ
жûгŹȥ˾ˣ⣡ڣҶѾ١˵ҹ˴̿ͣǰ˸˵ʬ壬ĿǰҲѾ͵˾رš
ʲô˵ʲôΪ׵صһӣˢվд£
඼
ֻ𾪣Ҷңһ֮УȻ˿ֲʵ
Ҷףȥǰ˸ʲôˮ׼ʵĸ֣ȴ˼ҵĵ£һжûгŹȥ
ָ֮䣬ͬɣ
̫棬ԳԾŴС죬֮ɫȫڡ
ֲ˼飬ͺͻȻһԲֵܳĹ꣬Լǰƣ
һ̣һֲʵλøУЩͷĿ
ҶңصغһĿкⱬ䣺龭
ġ˫һԲϣǳ˹ȥҶĹܼҴһסǣ漴Ҷ֮УʹӦаӰȳ˳ڿסǵˣÿˡֻһ͡͡
һڳ˶ǵһ
ǣһ
ҹϷȥһ£ɲҶĵ̣Ŀк
죬ǵˡһʿЩɵ˵ңȻҶʵǿᣬίʵʼδ֮¡µ֮ӦⵤŪȥؼ壬ǵһҪڳǰ֮𣬲ڴ֮ƽϡ˵˼£Сʧ󡭡κ˶е𡣡
һĬ
漴𣺡ּ
Ƿ𣬸Աر֣Ī궯
ϢҲ½̫Ӹ
ɴϣѾµˣ˳ǳǡ
ɽɶµӣ˳ǳסˡУһǽ֮
ƸϯʦƸˣЯµˣ˳ǳǡ
ţѾ˳ǳǡ
ϼˣ˳ǳǣ
Ϲҵˣ˳ǳǡ
ˡ

ӶϢһ˶档ʥּ֮Ǿ䲻ʥּĻһ
Ƿ
еķƣȴΧǼŵ񵤶ġ
ڣ˵ҵҾǣٴڣ¸ܽ˵ʮ˴֯ȫˡ
òҶпɲǺԶ
ƱǿȻĪ궯
Ľϼɫͬһ㡣һһԼΪء
ƯҪ˵ģȻô˵κһ˶ܿóϵĲġ
ȥǵ˵ʬ
˵仰ʱԵظеһ
һĽǰ׵ʱ򣬴ǰѰ𣬵˰˸ˣȴֻһԴգ
ȻΪ񵤣ɱȷʵ˷裡
ʱ򣬿ųȽȽҶЦҲһ
ϵһ죡
˵һ죬ǰȫˡ
ҶЦҪģһĻʱ䣻޾ռҪҲҪӳ֣һ
ҶЦԼʵСԼ˵һЩšҪʱ䣡
ҶЦȱٵģʱ䡣
ϵᣬҶЦٿһ㻺塣
ܼҲһעҶˣҲһҹ¡ˡ޼ɣǷ׷׷ġ
ҹѾ׼룬Ǳʲô飬ԼҲüɳˡ
̫үԼڹеĻʵ۱£Ҳǰһ
һҹ飬ȻֻһĽϼĶԿǣĸעȴӴ󡭡
һһҹȻӿ𣬸׷׽룬ȴ˹ƽ⣡ϣƽ˾ʲô飬ûз
ա
賿
鱦
Ȼǰɿտյÿһſھ˶ܹоһ帴ӵĿ⣬ע
ڵһ鱦ʱ򣬲Ȼ鱦ģɫ죬ӭչʾһĲ
ĿһĻ˾Ŀһ
ɫ죬ʾ˴˴ĹԼ
һ˵½һ֮иܹʸɫʱ򣬾ᳬΡж뷨ĸԱ죬жԵҹʡ
˶ڲ֪֮ͻȻоԼڷȡ
Ȼ鱦죬ôԭЩӦһβμģȴôʸЩضѾȥ
ȡЩʸƷȻǸΪϡ챦
ЩʲôңǼҪģ
ʵƿˡ
Σһ־ڱصã

ڷһ̣Ʈ죻鱦ͻȻ򿪣ŰŮľ߳ȹҷأķԣм䣬һĺ̺ˮһ˵ϡ
ƮƮ㷢裬磡
񣡡
ͫ׾̲ס͵һ£һ̣һͬ뷨Уҵĺɰӹ
᲻ᶪˣ
͡
鱦ᣬڿʼλα볡һһ
ǰ·ڣǰ
ƮƮĴݣһԵɷǡ
кܶ͵ˣȴûóȻڵһʱ볡
˭˭ʱǴнģһԽֻɱ֮С¡Ϊ㲻㵽׻ʲôǿ֮Σ֮
˽ģһӡ
ǰʱҾǰǰˣʵ΢ҡʲôǾһս
ңһսܵģľ
ſڣ˾ڳ
ɴ޷ϼݵ
ɽɹǰݵ
ƸĪżݵ
֮Уһеֱ˳Χ۵һ
Щˣһ½˵֮е񣬾Ȼˢˢȫ
ֻΪһᣡ
űֵĴԽԽ࣬Ѿ½½˶ʮˣ滹һȺû϶ӣж
⵽˶˰
ǼƷ񵤡Ȼ˵ǲֹһţҲԴﲻһŵĵزɣ
һԤļɱѾγ˳Σ
һԽǮΪɱ
˭ʤ˭ֻ¶ҪسѪһˡ
ʱһķݷȥЩСӢļһʩʩȻߵſڣȻûŶӡ
²죬ѵ˸ð󲻻䣬ƻأ
ǰ״ֻ½˲֣鱦ҲὫɣ
⣬鱦沢ûκεĶֻ˾ǽһ֮үݵ
үʲôү
һ󻩡
ò־ʹû˵
ǣˣʩʩȻŻʩʩȻؽȥˡ
Ϊʲôˣôߵ
ƾʲô
ʲôͷʲôڳе֮ϣ
̫̫ʣĵס


35 ˤ
λνġүȻҶЦĻ
Цٶȸıòӣά֮ǰķ֮󣬾ôʩʩȻö֮˽վڶ¥ƾ
Ŀ֮£ܸߵӡ
һƬɨӹĸĿ⣬ҶЦ˿ȫȻ֮
ֻôľվţĿעˡ
ʱд󹩷ɽ˹һ΢Ц֣ô磬δԶӭ֡
Щ֣λүһֱҪֵ͵ôôĿʱȴƫƫվ˷˼ϣ
֪֪ᱩ¶ݣ
ҶЦδԶӭֵʲôҪǵҩĵļ۸᲻ˡ
ɽݵȴǹˣұǴͷҲҪֵġ˵ڵķӦһµţռ˷ֵĴˡ
ҶЦǣһ£ޱ˵νΪƣռ൱ıˣֻҲᾡľİ¡
ɽ죬;֮ϵҲһʱ䲻֪νӿڣ̲ס̵˵ֱ̫ˣһ̼ҿζһҲ֪ĨǣҲܱǲܵˡ
ǿֿ׼䣬Ҵȥ׼ˡ
棬ɵĴѾ½볡ǻԼǸҵĴ롣
˴Ȼ£֮Ӵ󣬵׽ĵؽ磬ʼȨΪġҶֻ֪ڱϵǫãȴҲһ̬˶Ͽɵ̬
Ͼ£ʼջɻʳͳΣ˵ġ
ڴʱĽϼ巽ҲѾ֣һߣһˣ˶ƮƮһ࣬һȻش̤
лݣ
԰˴֮һķ緶
ҶЦһĵȭͷ
һ֮ıն
˵Ϣ޺
Ȼǰ˴ˣ˵ķȲ
ǣǶҵȡ
Χ˾ޡ
ĽºͶغĿбӣ˿֮࣬ȴһˬһδܹΪ峤ȥ֮Ҳһӷְ
ǵķʣ㵹˰
Ȼڴʱ
ǰߵĽԽŬڡ
ͻȻ͸оºݺݵһ˼ֵĵ⡢緢֮ʱ˵ͻһȣȫ޷ֱӾǺݺһģյΪף֮ǿһסΣˣһûܵġ
ǾˣǴĵˣһͻıʣĪ֮
Χе˲ʱȻֹ˾㵣Ҳ벻ð˴ˣҪʽϣȻܸôһĻ
ݵĴ֮ΧУ˵͵͵Ц
һ̣λĽվΣϸظоһԼ£ûʲô˿ǲǰɽӣ˶ΪСĵٴξٲǿװ򶨣µļǰС
Ȼոߵٶȷɵ˲䣬ȴͻȻо¾͵һ
ͬ⧲ֲǱ֮֮ǰ۵һһģһεøݸͼ֣
˶˳ȥ
ȥʵֲֻ̫ԾȻһȫȻƲסֱˤȥʵסΣǰ֮ѳɶ֣󲻵ֳסűͶصĶӾ档
һӷվһѾ˴첼γѪ
˿̵ȴѾǰٴζһ
Բۡλ˴ĵզˣһǲСģżȻʧһһһأҲ̫ӵ˰ɣ
ʲô˴壿ĽϼòãѾĻ᲻죿
ǡЦˡ
Цɴ˲òϢ
Ľ棬ŭĵŭ⣺Сô£ȹؼʱ̳©ӣǹϲϯϲ̨Ķ
Ǳȴֲòͣòǲȵ˱
߲Ȼŭƨı鱦󣬵з֮ҪƱ磬Ҳ˵ùȥɰɣôģ֪ôĶӵͲӦ
֪ŵŵȴ趼˺öˡȻ˼ϻ쵰Ҫƫƫӣһˣ
˲ûлɹǱֽţһ֮ͥ£ر˶û£⣬˿ûиоκεĹȻɣȴҲǺɵأ˵˵鱦󣬰˴ڱĵطԾһȣʱƣڳȴûݸһȵĵ
ҪһҲڣȻǼʶ㣬Ҳ벻ϣȻĹ
¥ϣһֵҶЦü֮侹һ˿ԵķɣȻµֽյȭͷȻɣоУԾһ˿⡣
ղü֮͵͵Ƭ͸ԶٿذǼһ£Ȼûһ˷
ҶЦһμΪ󵨵ʵ顣
һʵ飬ҶЦǿ߻ŵ£˶ĽϼһͻϮܿɹĻ֪
ȻЦУյˣûʲôĳǿߣҶЦУԱһҲһһţҶЦȻܹӦһȴҲδظȡ֮
Ǽеĸ֣ҶЦڵ͸Ҳ޾衣
ղǴεĳȻǲɱɧԸţսȴҶЦѾ⵽˼㡣
񹦣Ȼףµһ
ҶЦĬĬţԺŹ߽һЩ飬û취飬ȫŹɡҲκκۼ¡
ʵǴɱ㣬͵Ϯƹľֶΰ
ҶЦעǺ̺ϵɫȫûκα仯ĵͷ
һƬⷢЧ֮˲ʱϢʧ˺̺Уûгˮֻɵ̺ԭɫı仯޺޼
ԴжϣžղűǷڸɺԵϣһСڻˮգҲ̫Ŀ
伤սУҺ罬ʱ򣬾͸ˡ
ҶЦǹһ˿Цݡ
ҶЦͿҹļСҲ󣬻¹ڳļһǶէٻǺЩȵΣ޼ɡ
ֻǣһͷбԣһŬ߷ֿЩײࡣ
һһֹҲ֪ҶЦ쵰ܵȥˣ֪Ǿ٣ͬĴô
Ҳ֪һܲ˳ĵ⡭Բۣôɡ
Ūǣ
Ұ
Ҳҡ֪ҡ
ҵǸңŪ˼ҡ


36 ƽ֣
һᣬĲǸҲʮ½˴巽һҲ٣нҲҲ٣⣬Ǻ쳾µʿžȻҲʮҵ
֮⣬һЩİһá
ңܹڴ˼ÿһ˶ݵλǳߵĽɫ
ʢᣬʮУòƻĵͷһΣ
ٹƬ̣ۿŹرգͽĵڡ
ͻȻԶһ
֮ȫزľȫӹɣǵСɣԻ߹󣬶ҳһȻȻϢ
Ȼͣ¡
һֻСС㻺˳̤ϡֻôһֻڵϣȻѾС
һ̣˵񣬶һֻСɵĽ˹ȥ
һ̣ټưĳ΢΢һƮһõİŮȻͤͤվǰ
ôվȴƺѾеĹâϣȻֻǴһΪͨİ£ȴѾʤǧǧŲʻ
һʱ䣬ǰ˶ͬһʱѻȸ
Ȼ֮㣡
Ǵ鱦ôŮڰ׷۾תſڣȻһЦ
ǰŸӭİŮ඼֮ˣȻһЦ֮Уȴƺӹ֬׷ۣĿ
ɽ֮߳侹ȻЩ֣̿ĳȴߵŮǰһ񣺡ԭǴɽʹүã
Ůһۣ΢΢һЦỹ񣬵ѵô󹩷ǵūңʹ󹩷һүá
ɽһأԹ˵٣鱦εң룡롣
ŮתǳЦȻ֮ͣðϣ󹩷Ҫֲǡ
ɽ϶ʱð˺ĲģѾǹү鱦䡭
Ů΢Цţڹɽǫ˼ͬ£߽鱦á
˳Ĭһһңǹһ֮˽ȥ
ҶЦ濴ϣȴǴΪ档
Ů˭
ǹɽΪ鱦󹩷ȻݲǶ⣬鱦ȴһ֧ţûʵĶۣʹӰ˴鱦ȫҷɼһߣɽȻŮ˹ǡЩ£Ϊʲô
⣬̸ʱᵽһˣү
λү˭
ҶЦɫȴڽŵ˼ţɽƺĳΪүⲻΪ棻ֵȴǣԺܸ߹İŮҲǳƺүǾЩͬѰˡǷǡ
ҶЦһ뵽һܣѵ˵ݸ߹ΪǿİŮֻλүŮ
ҶЦжϵŮʵݾӶ֮ɽȴǫмԵʣˣ
ٽˣʲôˣȻķ绪ΪŮ
ǰŮţͻأ̧ͷˮһ۲ʱҶЦϣЦ󹩷δʼѾ۾ѡλݲѽ
ɽʣβףԼҶЦݣλѩĴ˿̱ѾеʶҶЦĲ
ڽܹĵ׼վˣȻ÷ˡҲڶ쳤˲ӵţҲ
Ůһۿȥۼ֮ˣȻ˻ɡ
ҶЦվһǱڹ۲һ֮еĸ֣ȴΪײǱĿҲ¸Լ鷳Ǹ⣬վҪзġ
ŮһεУνҶЦ»¹ҶЦȤҶЦոһ̣Ҳ˲ʱоĲԼĹүͬȤ
ˡ⡱Ͷ˴˿˴˶Ȥȴ֪ɽ˿̿Ϊѵúܡ
Լλ֮ǻˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣȻΪҲҪ˵ģҶЦȴǼƷ񵤵ṩߣʵ⣬ǣټϸ
һλү˼ôȺ¿ɾҲֲ鱦ˡ
Ӵǣ֮£֪ˣȴҲֻѡˣ
ɽ˵ǧ£ĶѣȴǾɽҰ󶮹ءﺣ
ŮŶһԭǲعأˣǻΪش󹩷ǻŶ
һֱᣬ仰ͻȻЩɭȻ
۲һתɨҶЦϡ
ȻѾ˻ɣȻҪ׷鵽׵ġ
ҶЦоһƣôԼ˼Ȧ
ţѾͷڹң
Ҫҵĵô
ҶЦһλô磬˵ΣƺҲһСѾͷƬܹܵ˵ģӲӦùʵģ˵仰Щ˰ɣҿλүֻ»Ӧúúùܽһ²ǡ
ɽƺһ־ƣ˿̴ҶЦ˵֣ȴһֱζ
ŮüµķӦδѵµôô
ҶЦĿһȣ¿ȴ˳Ʒ֮˵ڼˡٺ٣ڸɾվ
ɽĿΪۿͬâû׼֮Ҫֻ췢࣬ԼȫȰ⣬ߵһ
ʵ벻ףλ֮衯սӴ֮ʱĳȾ˿ôôǣϾҪʼĹؼʱ̣Ȼ˳ͻһóȻһԲǣҲǵĽɫ
ӲǣԴޥģѩôҲôس嶯
Ȼɽ벻ȴǣ˵һϵоٶǹġ
Ȼ˱˴زʶ˫ԵĸоԷҪԣҶЦˣŮȻԲԼͬһͻΪԺĽһԵ
ʲôطʲôǰɡ
ȽӴϣ
һֳ˲áŸõķ˫ĸоҪǷǳܹʾʾĬϡ
ֻŮ˵ڳԣй֮Ѿˡ
ҶЦٺЦ߽Ȼһ֮ܡôӭս
ŮϺ˪ܲɫһ
ǺĿһͻȻǷһѾһɺɫ磬ӴɣһƣҶЦͷֱ¡
Ƽ죬мˣһӦԲƣ˲ʱ·
ҶЦĿһһúá
ڶԷӼٳϣȴδ嵽߷˲䣬ԼȻӶ¥̨϶Ȼһӭϣ
ơһ䣬Ȼգۼͱ˽ɫȻ
һ̵ƣͨûƽĽ֣
ҶЦ֪һ칦˲ֻƽпɽʯ֮޼᲻ݣ
ǻƽ֣


37 սΪԼ
˵ıǳϸߴӸ£һ˿ȴҶЦռȻǰƷҶЦӸµĽػϮ
Ȼ˿תأ˫ڰкȻ䡱һ죬ɲǼãۻңһʱ侹ʲô
˿зһȵġסջأΪأȫ»ܲ͸磬ʧͬʱȴѾԭ֮ƣΪ䣬ҶЦӣȴѹͷƽһƣͷ׵Ľɫãֶ£Ȼǳʤ׷һ¶֣
ŮĿǰսֱ仯ɫƽתΪ֣أҪԿӦôϵġִ򷨣ֻھӸµʱ򣬵˿ȴ·ϵʱ򣬲˾ӸµĴ򷨣ǶԷʵͺܶ࣬ŻᱻóѣһεδóȻִ򷨣᷸ȵͼĴ󣿡
һľ׮һ㽩Ӳվĺޱ飬ǣȴǷ˴󣬵ҳֵĻֻҲȡͬĴ򷨡
ΪΨΪĴ򷨣ϵķ˴ΪǰվֳΪֻԪ۷ˮ׼֮ࡣſúõĴ´ˡ
Һͺƣ˵ԪΪαװģʵΪҲﵽ˵ԪΣһѾƷģӦһκ˵壬ǵľܲġ
ģŮҲû뵽Ȼһ˵ô໰͵ǰƣ
˵ʱ򡭡
ҶЦһЦ䣬ֻƽֻ⣬һĽѭ಻
顭
Է쳣Ĵһ·ȥȫء
·ĺ¶ŭɫмܣʧŬѰһᷴȴʼûҵκηĻᡣ
кĺ˵û뵽ԷĹƾ˵ĿͰԵԼֻǵһз˴󣬵ȻʹǿʼȫȻȫ̰ĵز޷أ
ԼΪҪһҪߵö࣬ԷռסȻֿ֮ĹǺͣЪԼ˿ĴϢᡣ
Ǻ˵Ӵӷ𣬵֣ȻֱҶЦ䣬мһֻգգ۵ʱ䣬ȴѾʵʵĳҶЦʮƣ
ۣ
˵˵ϣ̤ʵأֻžڽӴһ˲ε¸ȥ£̺˲ʱķѣһɫĻɢɣ
ػ֮࣬أֻǺһ£漴ȻֱͦͻȻĿɺâȻһεʧѾо˼µĶϾҪչķˡ
һߣҶЦһշڿһķֻ䣬žĻһǣ˫ý־ۿɼٶȴӽɫɫֻڵϵͬʱһ˫ֵɫʾƵ޵Ȼд˫ָ󵭵Цˣ
ĿĿз͵͵Ұһ˻Ȼˣ
ǵģˡ仰ǰŮ˵ģȻΪߣһȴ˵ءˡ
ͨ죬ҡǲû˵ȵ˭أ
ŮͻȻ˵ˣ
һ˶Ǹоѹɽ
еѪɫͻȻˢһʾֵ̿ǰԲסҴˡ
ŮֻǵĿ˿һԲ
ϴ죬ԥһ£ͨһڵϣͷأˡ
ŮĿţڳ̾һ˾ˣʲôˣһֱ̬ԶֻһçѧԶûһգСվңǡ˵˿̻ô
˻ǻ̿״֡
ɡŮԸ
˺ӵ𣬵ͷվŮ࣬һ仰Ҳ˵ˡһߵĺ˵ݹһĿ⣬ȴһһĿ⡣
Ҳ
ŮҶЦ˵ĺ֣֪գ
ҶЦ˫ָȻȻ¶һַָ緶շ硣
ԭǷŮɫһֵ治书ǿҵ£ȴʵ̫ӡڼ̸еһΣ
ҶЦЦаôӺһŮɣã󣬲ɢ
һԣŮĿһ׷һ䡣
һޣҶЦ֣صͷ
ǰսӣӮҪҪģһ仰һԼ
ŮͷҶЦһۣ˽ȥ
ҶЦЦЦӳȥһƿӣںС
ҵĻƽ֣жҶЦ˵
һת
Ůü¡ȻһЦл֡
ҶЦЦؿŪҶܡ
ͬʱһЦ
Ů˼ٲǰ
ȴֶһ㾯衣
ƽ֣жϢսожʲôǡ
λүɵø˼ֿء
ⲻ֪νġƽ֡ͬҶЦڵһʵġıĿ
ҶЦʱҶЦɫֲȴѾˡ
ΪˣҶЦһЩϤ΢о
ƺʲôʱˣ
УڸղŶƵʱҶЦԾһȻѹоһֵһɭ
ָоΨһϣܸо
ղŶƵһо˵Եһļӡ
λʵǺЩ
ĻˣôΨһĽ
ͣϤо
ҶЦһϴԼΧǽдһɳȥļˡȻ̧ͷǰŮ˵ӰѾʧǰ
ԭǣ

ҶЦŮӴĿѾﵽٲ׸ԣת߽ãҶЦ߽ȥ֮ٹر֮ǰȴǰ
ңȫţö֮Ľ֮С

ˣ
Ŷ죬ǰʲôӭ´ǽ֮ҲȻֹ
棬ɽ󹩷һۣһεһݹ档
ɽģһΣȻܹһԼʷϵ¼¼
¥ϣһȦʮᡣ
У˿Ҳˡ
ɽ㣬ֻǿŵˣоôһĪĳɾ͸СʱЩ˵ݣһҪ뵽һѣһΣȴüһã
鱦ᣬڿʼɽΪȻ֪Ҫʲô
һ£Ȳεĸ֣ѾҪԼʲôա
𷴸С


38 ɱ俪ʼ
Թɽ̨֮󣬺Ǹɴʼ
ȻǰỹǴĸλһ¶ɫ
ţУȻ¡
һıǡ⣡ɽһ֣һλŮ˫
Ʒ⣬ǧƱģÿһμӼ۲һǧƱ
ɽЩ᲻𾢡
ڽȹϣһ⣬ʵ㲻ʲôϵαԭûʸѡġ֮ǼһȴϵطҪģҲ֪ʲô˼
Ȼһѻȸ
˶ڱĿѹûг۵˼мǷ
Щ˵һ⣬ʵ㲻ʲôöǿʳ֮⣬ľûʲôôˡ
ĶǼʶˣҸԴḻ֮ῴۣ
ɽ۽пࡣ
ϷǱ֮ӲˡߥвϷóһƷۿžҪġ
ҪǵһƷģǽյЦɾʹˣ֮ƷǲԲ
ҾʱһеǧƱ
޼Ǽһ
ɽɴ⡢
˿Ͻɽô
Ȼ޼ɳ֮󣬺ЩĻܣȴ˾޶ԣжʱһϲ
ⲻ֪Щ˶ҪǮ׼ѪƴأһСС˷ѣʱһʣҲ¾ͲСǮ񵤽ʧ֮Сʧ
ɽΣʼû˼Ӽۣɾ£ļۣĸ޼ɣ
Ȼɽ۸ʵйͣش󹩷һûвˣǺܸлӣĳϣӵھȳ鰡
ȴ֪޼ɽõأԻЩȻΡ
ôôסõˣȻû˸һ˵һ˫۵ɵԲԲۣ̫Ҳ˰ɣʲô
޼Ը⣬׵֣ȴûаϲá
ʧ䡣
ԼΪԼļţƣҲΪԼϣڱˡǡԼƴƴǮҪõıȻЩǿ߲мһ˵Ļɫ
б⣬޼ĵͷ
һǰȫͬоȻ
ܹмһˣΪΡҾͲܣ
ѵҪߵ۷壬ֻʵô
˴˿ȴһ£һֱΪ׬˴ѴѵǮѾţơңΪиѾܶ࣬ǡ쿴ƨ
˼ʮڼڵҡûЩ˵ʵصסǷô

ҶЦİ侲ؿֵܵı飬̲סҲ̾˿
𣿻˵ʼ𣿡ҶЦһ̾ϢֻϧЩˡ˵ʣʺСȴβϸ۷أ
ţֻɽеǵڶıһѾһǧ꣬ϣѾ˺˿ߣֻһͿԽΪѪ˿˵ѵõҩ׼ʮÿμӼۣõһ
ҶЦĿһ

δ䣬ͿĽϼ߾˾ӣʮһ
Ȼ»ûеɱΪѪ˿ȴӵԾɷǳáĹЧǣһճĺʹḁ֮̃δɢȥñǹ֮סڣʹ֮ʱͷţٶһ֣ؼٶȱȱͬĺҪϡ
⣬һЧǣʮǰ쾳磬ñ֮ĻٽһΪ塣
ֻҪʵЧżΪ̵Ⱦ
һӤҪʺһҪԪʦСػ޲ǰ£һš
ʮǰšʮҲδܳһ
Ľϼ˿Ȼۣ˲뾺ģҲû
ֻð˴巽ᣬЩȴһ
ҶЦԴȴǸ˼
Դν׽Ȩ֣һֱЩԺǲġ
ͨһᣬȴе飬ǰˡ
ұΪЩǰμⳡλǺܸߣڿҴˡ⼸ɣλǳȻġ
ǵ۽磬ǿһĶ
ЩɣȨûʲôȤֻϰ˰вٿؾ棬ȻȡԴϴӰǣûôȨ졣ֻ˵ǸͲмЩ׵Ķ
ȴŬЩɲҪĶ˵ҵʵЩɣ˲ֹһ߸ͲᲢۡ
ǡһҶļ壬Ҫ׽棬ԣǻڸ߶ʵϲЩɣ׵ӰȴҪЩɸߵö࣬棬Ҫö࡭
ȻУ´ƣȴ൱Ӱоǣǧңв˽ɣҲв˽볯áڸ߶ʵϲɣϲ壻ȴԱ֤ʲôʱܹϢȥ
һƱ䣬ʳɻҲǶص淽ʽȥ׽˵µġ
Բо׻˵Ļʳǧҡ
ܷӵӰĳ̶ֳϣԾɱҪߡʼƿµĴڣǡһЩĶȴȫûƿЩҪҡ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲô˴ڵԭ򡣰˴壬ɢǿĹ֮СⱾһǱڵƽ⡣Ȩҵƽ⣬֮Ļƺ⣬ҲʹûȨʢ˥ȥ
壬һศˣȱһɡ˴Ĵڡ߻ȱһά֣ȱ˻ȴάֵģΪҵǿȴû岻
ԣһҪһҪá
Ĺϵһƽ㣬ƽ㣬һҪҵҪ
һֹϵ
ҶЦü˶ۡ
⣬ȻţԼĲ²⣬ûд
һѻ۵
棬һԿסֻҪеԿ׺һ𣬾Զûܹ򿪡
ȻĹؼȴڣЩȴԶὫԿͬʱͬغһ
Ϊһʱ򣬱ȻеһΪʧȥԿףʧȥ˼ڵļֵ
飬ʵСʱĻᡣ
ҲҪκһԿףȴҪ취κһԿףò֣Զȥ

ҶЦ뵽жڱѾ׶ΣֻĽϼڼ֣ղĽϼϼ壬˿Ѿ˳ˡ
Ŀǰļ۸Ѿʮ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦеһ򣡡


39 ɳ
һĽϼĽӺӼʱ̧ͷĿƿ¥ϵİᣬŭ⡣
һȴüԴĽӺԼһ˽ġΪѾҪУΪԼһʵȴû뵽ʱ̣ǿжȴʱȴôһˣһۣͽԭ۸̧˽һ۸ȴѾ߳˱мࡣ
һʮ򣡡ĽӺһ˵
֪˿̷ܹ¥ϰģǳɣǸˣĴڣܲﻹǲҪȴ־ڱص֮¼۸ȻѾԤ㣬ȴٶȸ߼ĳ
򣡡ҶЦԾƽٶȽ۸̧һ
䣡
жʱһ䶯
ҶЦһαۣ֮ڲͷĵȴĸ˶죬ѭῴ
֮ǰһļǮѾ˱ֵһ򣬶ڱֵ˵ȻѾ޷ˡ
ı
ǲأںҼӼۣ
ҰѼ۸̧ʮ򣬺Ȼ˱м۵һж࣬ѾЩЩ塣ȴû뵽һ׵ģ
ļ۸񣬶˵Ѿۣ
ĽӺɫǺ죬ʮߺŰλˣһĽϼʵдã־ڱصãǸ²ôãɷ̧̧֣
仰˵ÿνӲʩ˵Լ֮⣬ͬʱҲǸ˶ԷӣԼ̨ס
˷׷׵ͷ
ҶЦȴǺٺЦһĽϼûõĻһء˵ˣΪֻΪһ;ô
֮ܣ֪ع
Ҫ֪֮Уһֽƽ浤ĵ֮еҩӡ
һ㣬͵磬Ȼ֪
ҶЦǺεȼʶлԵôŹĴû᣿
Ҫ˵гɣɱѪ˿ЧΪ󣡶ҶЦȴôһܴٽҩռ䣬οϷŹҩ
ҶЦǱǴͷҲǲϷŹġȻûãȴҲ档
ĽӺԶʱͨ졣
ûã棿
ʮ򣡡ѾĿǰ߼ǮٶˣĴ¾겻ˡ
ҶЦǵڵ򣡡
ƽͻȻһˬһĽǰԼԼһޣȫȫһģһ
ԭǮˣˬЦȭͷˣǮ۸Լˣ⻹ƽһΡ
ָо棬Ūڹ֮䣬ò˵ˬ˼
ĽӺ̲סİ£ʲô˼
ҲоĲԾ˷ĽϼԣҪȻԲỨĸ߼ۣȥһֵֻ۸ʮ֮һı
ҶЦûɶ˼Ǯ̫Ǯˡ
̾һǮˡôۡһ㡣һ¸
ڳˣһ⣬һʵĸо
ôʲôɣ
˶ܹоóȻ֪˭Ľϼ壬òȫû⣡ڹĵԣ
ǰŮʱüͷ۽⿴¥ϵİᣬе˵磿ҪʲôǹĽϼΪѣѵ˾ҶЩϵģ
ĽӺûҧ˵úúã²ƴ֣ұȴ˴Ľϼв
仰Ľкű֮⣬˿ҲΣ˭Ҳó
ҶЦٺһЦզôءѽˡĽϼ壬ÿµʵÿµ
ĽӺĿתصϣڴڵĴ
ѾҶЦ޵˹ͷ߷֮Ǹǡ
ƷȴһЩһ˵ΪҪ̲Ʒλҹӷ׷׳֣߰˼ѸٵĹϷһա
Ǳġ
ΣʼҲҪȡһԴЩзⰲŵġ
ٽƳļмؼҲиһգλһνȫС
˼䣬ҶЦĲһ£ҹѾͷȻҲҳɹһ绪
СѾͷȻҪôֻǷ绪ȻҲȥĽȴ֪һǲ֪ǲ绪
ҶЦ°š
һ֮󣬳еͻȻ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҫֵĺöˡ
ҪģǱѹֱɽ⣬ߵؼԵһ
߼ѹģȻҶЦļƷ񵤡
ڼƷ֮ǰЩƷļֵȴҲ˿Ʒ񵤡ֻǸöѡȴΪ˴ٳɱᴴ½ļ¼ܲ¡
ɵİڿʼ˶
Ŀԡ
һóģǡ֮ɳɽ֮ɳȻֻ֪쳣ȻֻҪһǮķڽ֮ͨУΪн಻ڻ£ң֮ɳں֮һı仯Ǿǡʹ޳һز֮󣬾ͻһԵ
ɽЦЦ֪ԵѾڿɳɳĿıŴҶ֪֮ɳĹЧڣʼ֮ɳ׼һÿһμӼۣõʮ
仰ո˵һ˵
һȻ
ǸղĽϼǸʮߺŰˡ
һΣȻȳˡ
ֻǣЧΪɫȻһھͽļᵽһҪ֮£ȴδأ
Ȼ߻δ䣬ǱѾϼ˵һʮ
ҶЦԴ˷޶ԣ䵭ٶ춯
Ǯڵûа˼ɡ
Լʮŵ񵤵ʱĳɽ۸Լȫ֧𣡶ҶЦ˵ǮûиҪľǡԼҪĶһҪ֣
֮ɳҶЦ־ڱصõģ
ڵ׻˶ǮںǲҪ
Ǯ֧ģ˲ҾиﶼȥһǡҶвš
ֻе˲Ż֪Ϊһز֮ȥЩ׽ĽȴǺεȲֵǮ
ҶЦĿ꣬Ѿ֮ϣȴôὫУ
ϼλҧҧٶȿ˵ʮ򡭡
⻰û˵ֻ꣬ʮߺŰλү䵭˵һǧ˦һǧ򣬾˦һɡ
ǲƴֵ˼£


40 īڤ
ˣȫ󻩣
⵽һӣμôǮ»һı
ҪʲôĻֻĺѸˣ˼ҾǮզأ
㻹ܲ˼һǮô
ط˻߻бӦֶΣʱ˵أһʱ֮䣬ȴȫӦֶΣֻһδε۵֡
ϼ˺ݺݵתͷһۣƲֵȥ
ɽĿЦһȫ㲻λүҪʲôã֮ɳһǧһΣһǧڶΡһǧΣû˼Ӽôɽ
ˣ

֮ɳҲʹҶЦС
˷׷׶ʼעλʮߺŰؿˡһֹһһʱը
˵ʲôʱͱըˡ
ԼҪĶԼ˸߲ҳۣΪֵĵڣͻȻһӣ㱨ʲôۣ˫ķȥ
˿Ķ𰡡
ȻºܽһʬΣ˿̵ʼҲǶˡ
оǲܲˣ˭Ҳ˼ɡ
ͷʹġ
ôһɵƵͷࣿҲ̫Ʒ˰ɣ˶пơ
ƷʥҩΪµһĳī⣬ƾ֢򶾲֣ٲȫҽʵ¼亱ŵɽš
һīʦѾǧݣī֦ҶѾ͸ֳɫһÿμӼۣõʮɽ仰ʱ˺䶯
ī֦ҶȻɫôǸ߽ʿѺƣֲҲ𵽻Ч
ܹٽһͨѩɫΪĻǼֱǺŵ׹ǣԪ۷ˣҲֻҪһƬҶӣܹ˲ȫָ
˾һ˵Գ֮Ϊ
һ˵ţɽҲЩĿһҶЦİᣬЩֹүҵ״үͱٳˡⳡҪһ˸ϻˡǿɾѿˡ
ԸΥ
ҶЦλүȻٶȵʲȿۣ
һſڣֱӼļۣ
ɽҪͷʹ
ô
ڳ˴˼ҲһĿ࣡
ôģòҪ߼ƷĽô
һʱ䣬Ȼ˵
ɽšүˡ
ʱһߺŰᴫ˳һǧ
ȴǸŮ
Ѿ˲Ͽǳ۶ԷŮˣֻһͷӹȻֹһǸŮġһڷӵļ۸Ϸǡƽĺܰ
öЩֻжĥ
ҶЦҲССһ£漴ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡Ůȫ޳ɵļۡ
ǧ򣡡ҶЦüīǼãҪҪģԷͱˣȴҲҶЩˬ֮ǰŪ֮ˬˡ
ŮӵǺɣ͸ǧ
䣡
ѻȸ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ֵҲĶļʮеǧֱѾɥĲˣ
ҶЦҲһ¡
ϣȻôŮģ
ʱߺŰŮ˵ʮߺŰǧ¡СŮӾīԸ£ʵΪҸز꣬ҩҽһСŮ㾡Ҳīڱصáǹԡ
ŮͣһоøС˶СŶһĵȴǹ㲻á
ҶЦһ£ûٳ
ʵǡǧǮҲ̫ЩңҶд㣬Ҿͽ°
˿̣˶ڵλүһڵʱȫû뵽λţŰүȻôήˡ
գµʱ˲ʶλʮߺŷˡ
ллλŮӵ˸мȴǼǷݵˣҸָܻȫ˸λá
öдΪ̲סԣؿ
ҶЦͻλһŰ档һʱͻȻԭŮ֮УҲҵĶ֡뷨
̲סһ˫ߺŰ˹ȥ
ߺŰС
һλŮһ׵ɴеɫȴֳǰ
侲
ʦˡϣţȴҲ̲סʮߺһۣһ˭ҹܴɡһʹǧƱ³īپһ񵤵ģڿȫûָˡ
ƻҵĴƣŮӽ׵ıҧŷ촽޺޵š
ⳡТŮȸҩĺϷ֮ȻҪġ
ҩ̨۳ϣҶЦٶǿƳһױȵĲƴ֣ҩͳͳ£
ֽһǮΪ˶ķӼƽϣѹɽξ֮С
һ汻ͬĽϼһڴ֮ͥ¶ôǻˣ
ҩλүһֿɨҶ֮У̨ϵĹɽˣ
Ϊı֮⣬ȫԼ͵ĵͼģ
ĳ磬һ˫ļۣʮ㣬˸뾺֮£ҩ֣òûκε⡭
ǣɵǡ
ҲعϸһĥʱеΣƻǮܶ࣬߰ҩڸû˸ۣȻ˫ļ£˵û٣ҲͱмԸ߶ѣֱۣ֮Ǳ˵˼ǰЩǮϵıʡ
⡭
̫˰ɣ
˸˵ȶ׷²ۣ쳣
ңͷϷڶٶס˵ע
̧һ̨̨ͻأһҶܹĸоɺԽԽء̲ס۾
ƷһʯʦʯҪɷĴ˵ڤɽ˵
һ˵ڤĸ֣˶¶Ȼԭ˵ɫ
ԭѹŪ
ֻǣЩȴ̲ס¶ζЦ⣺ⶫûĳȥ
˵һʯͷԴһ𣬾һֱɢż֮һֱ˽죬ȥǧ꣬Ȼ֮Բʮɱ⣡
źɢҶЦͻȻһĿɿڴ
ΪڵĿռͻȻǰδе


41 ҪҪ
ɽ˵ڳ˶ϼͲڴ׸ԽˣίʵʯͷǲֿѾ˼꣬Ҳûʯֵôλϲģ۹֮ﱾ׼ۣڿʼ
߻˵꣬ȴʱ˳
ΪڤƹʴҶ֪
һǳʯûܹʯӵ൱ļֵ˵ϡ䶼һֱֻͣأѾֵˡ
ǰǧȥˣȴûܹùʯ
в
á

ôһɢźĹŹʯͷ޼ƿʩ
ֻ˵ҲˣɢδزǺ£ĲУʲôģȻЩСãҲǸ;ǣ
Ȼȴǡʯͷɢĺͬһ㣬伫Ķ߱ǿĹԪ֣촦ֺ֮£ҲҪܲˡö֮Ϊ˻ΣҲҪܵ޷ָӰ죡
ļֵҶܹǵ汻һױȵ
ǡ
˭ܿ
ô
ǧУоʯоԱȫһ
Ϊ伫ȱԣֱӼŪ˲ˣö֮Ҳʽ
Դ˼һҶ˵ˡ
˶˵ȻҲ˳
ɽվţҲôż
θĵȴֲͬĲȥӣ˳ۣȴ֮У֮е飡
ʵϣ鱦ⶫҲΪ߸
ʵûҪҲ͵һ䳡ߣôӶһ¡
ʵ鱦ҲΪͷʹ
ߵ£ʵ̫ˣߵᷳˣ
⣬ȴҲڳ֪Źֵԭ
Ϊһڤ鱦Ĺϵһʡ
鱦ϰոտʼҵǻᣬȻҲмǮȴûӵرһֱһֹӲдξ֮С
ֱһ졣
ʯͻȻ֣˵ĹŹ֣˶ⶼЩò׼ȴʶһᣬһҲǸݽɫĳȥ˳ɵңⶫ˻
֮ʯͷʼչԼе
ڤĸ־ʹӴ˴ˡ
ⶫȷ㹻ϡ棬鱦ͷҲһڶ졣
벻ǡ֮ʯͷĹΣȴֶ˻
һֱڣǧУʯͷĳȥʮΣսȴһı˻
ڽٶɴҲʽ
ؽĻĶĲȥ
ΪһܺЦĴЦ
鱦ԣ顰ڤ֮֮ԵȴҲǼ֮
ÿһδ֮ϣϰ嶼Ըó
ԻѰԵˡ
ʵ˭֪ϰֵŽⶫ֡
ΪĴϰҵ𲽣Ҫôһͷ㾡Ҳˡ
ȡþһ䶯Чͷ
յϰ岫ӮˣĶˣջ
Ѿòˡ
䣬ǸͷѾΪһЦһָ
Цǳ˷̡
ǣȴֲӵضУΪȫ¶֪ⶫ鱦ġΨһʽֻڴ֮ͥ¡֮ȥ
ĻģȻҪĳȥɣ
ȴƫƫĲȥˡ
ûԵˣ
Ҫͷʹĵط
ɽμϰȻֽⶫ˹Ҳһ֮Ρ
ڹɽΪһҪģ׼֮ͻȥʱֻʮߺŰ֮УǸүֵ𣺡
ֻб֮ǰһΣɽԷү˵ĸоȴǳк͸м
֮Ʒ񵤵ʱ򣬶ûĸж
ģ˰ǻҵľˡ
֪֮󻹻Ὣ֮ͻʼǻΣĵĸлˣֵܣ
˶һ֡һɵơĿ⿴ʮߺŰ᣺ѵû˵ڤƹô
ȻҪ
Ҫ֪㾡ҹʱòҲûлôǮ
⼸ǧʮγɽ۸Ҳû۰
ȻɵǮ࡭
ղžȻѰ˼ռ˱ˣһᣬһǴ
ǱİŮü˼һһ˲䣬ҲһҪʯͷĳ嶯漴Լ뷨
ˣȻѾ˶Թôʱ̣ǲҪ֦ĺá
οڵʣҲʺһɢڤʯͷһߡ
һԹŹֵʯͷν

ͬڱ˵뷨ҶЦУ˿ȴǳһּǰδеļ
һʼʱҶЦĿֻҪһЩƷҩĵرռ䣬ΪռṩĵرĶڤϡŹֵĶǺܸȤ
ڤͻȻֵ˲䣬ǼȺ͵ڶ֮ʱڵ޾ռ䣬ȻҲȻһ£
漴һɼȵпʹӿռɢ
һεмʳ̶ȣȡ쾧ʱøӵǿң
ҶЦͻһ
ܹое˻
ʲô
ѵ˵ʲôڤʯǿԱ쾧裬ʤһĶ٣ҲǶԿռĪ;¡
мڴˣҶЦԥһſڣͱһۣ
Ϊ֪пǺôʯԼȴпһ췭ظı仯
ܹϵԼһǰ;
ۣԺֵܼܺ㣬Ǻܱ˵ģ
ҶЦ֮࣬ӦֻԹɽιۡ
һڤȻô˳˳ĽҶЦ
ߺŰᣬŮһ³ڤһâתͷԸ˵ȥһ£ʮߺŰᵽ˭ʲôʲôݡ
һ긾˴ӦһվҪȥŮͻȻһ
Ϊڴ˿ִ̣رĶ
ŮԸһ̡
Űᡣ
Ƹİᡣ
ƳףɷǵƸĪҲĿһ£ˡԲɵΪʲôѵа취ʹʯ
һˣƸϯʦʯԽ˵ȴǲеȫһռݡңδ˶Ҫʵ£ǿͻôöһ£ջ񲻿νգѾǽĴӮҡ
ĪĿҹĵȴһ£ˡƷƺ⡭


42 ã°
ʯԽһ仰ʱȻ˼ҪȻǮҲôӡǣ񵤲㣬ǲܵõһö񵤣ȻǰջηȴʤȰܣΪֹҪʽ㣬Ŀֱָ񵤣ڳֻ֮⣬񵤱ȻһݣȻ֣ȴǲơίʵϳ
Ī˪üһ壬ѹϳ˵᲻ṩ񵤵ˣˣǾͺϺˣ
ʯԽͻȻ͵Ĺ⣬Īԣûٿ˵
ͬʱĬһ¡
ȻĪһϵľٶͻȻ߳ţ˵ʮߺŰѣʸ¾ˣɷƼݹһ𣿡
仰һʣʮа˾˻ش
һ仰ģȴǺ½ڳ֮λǰƸˣ
仰ķȴֲνء
ȫ˲ʱһ¡
ЩȻתͷ
˶ЩƣΪʲôŻͻȻͷų⣿
ҶЦ¶һζЦ⣬ţңǹͣν
ĪԺǺһЦղίʵĳðʧˣȷǳԵƸһۡƸʱͳš
ҶЦЦˣʢȭȭһȥݷõġ
˶ȫס
ĪԼˣ
Ϊʲô
ȷǳôûоȷǳ
̱һɻ࣡
ȴҲɵˣ¶˼ɫ
һ˲䣬˶һĸоֱڲʶԴһһʼƺеĻ⣬û뿪ˣ
û¶ȴѾΪģ
ڣǰ˶롣
⣬ľֻһ
ߺŰᣬŮɫһͻȻվ漴߳ᣬһ·ߵʮߺŰǰ棬΢΢ʩ񣺡лλ̨ղ飬СŮܹ˳ΪҸβҩ̨գ˶˵£һ
ҶЦĬһ£ŵշ磬ͶǸԭҲҪģֻǲ㣬̸ϳȫáαӻȥɡ
ȫվǳȫ˶˵£Ůͳһɫ壬һ֣ವһ˽ȥȻһЦһ۹СöȻ߳
ҶЦһֻǰһһѾС
ڳ֮УòƾΨŮЩ͸
ֻû뵽Ůԭ۹ˡ
е壬ҶЦҲ飬ַŽ˻
Ůһ£΢Ц˵Сøǣˡ˻ȥ
һߣǰŮصһ£Ѿͷ
ڳ˲Ŀȴ¶˼ɫ
Ѿͷˣ
ܵͷ⣬ңһֽķʽֲղǮ˵ľоһ̬͵ĸоܿɹµġ
ǣԼԼ³ԷҪԵʱ򣬾ȥֲ
Ҫִ֪֮ͥ££һŮ˵жѡ۹ĳŵ۹ĵλ϶͡ԽǵλߣԽʱƣԽǿ¡
ŮĿžĹâô꣬һûһŮĻ㿰ΪҾС
һ˵ؾûжǸоͦģո˼˶ڿԷҪԣȥͽᣬ˸оݣСѾͷΪ֡
˵ġݡµĵط
Ůһ˵ʲôɶģѾͷΣȻһ绪ĴˣڱֳֻһϮɴɴ֮Ҳƽƽ棬ԲʵĿȻʵĿʲôöģ
һ죬շһüֵҲûУһͷ࡭ͻˡЦ˵
˵㱿㻹ϣһ췢˵ȷûмֵôŮʧģҲһѣ壬ʱԲ˵ġֻһֽˡ
һ죬շдãдͷôͳȥһ壬ͳһӱ˴˵ÿˡĳһʱ̣չֳΪã
˵㻹סҲֻòˡŮϣеʧɫ
үһˣȻֵܹĲ٣˵Խģȴʵûм
˵꣬Ůʵλã֪մɷ߽㣿
ŮҪתԼİᣬȻһЦ򸣣øˣ϶û˵ɫ㣬ȻҲ
Ů΢ЦÿԽ㡣
㣬һѰȲ졣ŮЦЦǸȻعԼİᡣ
ŮЦţһ⣺ˡ۹Ļء
ǣ¶һ˿ζЦ⡣
Ůȥ֮긾ЩĽţʵС㣬ؽˣǲЩҡˣ
ŮЦһЦҸջҲҪϣ¶һ¶âˡҪȻ۹ܵУ治ء
¡³ʵ۹С㲻긾˵˵
ˡŮεЦЦа˵ǾһеĽŶѽ괫˵ɱٶء

ھ
˵˼Ҳڴλ͸ġ֮衯ϣһӾͿٵתƵϡ
Ϊһѹᱦڳˣ
Ľϼ˶̿
ôߣ޲ɱ֮ļһȻһ˲ôע⡭ҪֻҪЩ˼ˡ
̨ϣɽҲڴƵ˳
ʵӦ²۵ġ
֮衭֮ǰһζıأڿɵã˳ֱȫע⣡ùɽ鱦ҪռҡǮ̣ڻһˡ
ȻҪѡߵ֮ǰʲôذ
ӲôãһӾͰƨȫ¶ˡ
ֱƳֽŶֲ飬ɽŽԼеǿѹȥ
ƳģǱѹᱦɽˬʵĴЦһɽӼشҲ³ˣǴ˵Уδĵ񵤣
ЦЦ˵ʵһӣҲǵһμֱ


43 ĵ
һµĴӲΡ˵Ʒײȴ˸񵤣ʵƽһΡ
ɽ仰ǡƷײȸò˻Ц
ȷĵĵһΣ
Ԫ
ֵҩ׽ѰУȻѾޱȵ鵤ҩһűɰٲȫǿ彡Ƹ൱ЧֻǶ׽磬Ѱ˶ԣ
ʿԣԪȻͲεĵҩȴҲ࣬ɽܸһ˵ϸ˵Ѿ˵ˣ
Ԫ˼壬֮УֻǹǷã̱Ԫĵҩһ˻Ҳòεĵҩˡ
֮Ԫ˵׽ҩȴҲʿеҩ
ƫƫֵҩ˴˵еġơ
ȴ˵֮дû˼Ķ
˵˵ȥ
󣬵Ϊ⴫˵еľһƸĪšɽ๩޷ǳ̨Ʒࡣɽ
˿˵Ǳλߵˣɣ顣
Ҳûǫą̃
ڴ˵еľ棬ܹȶΪ죬ȻǴĺ¡
һϾƿ˿һµ̨ϣڷ⡣
Ŀ֮£ɽСشƿڣ漴һɰȻ˳
Ͼƿӱǲ͸ģڴ򿪵һ˲ȴԭӨƿͻȻų˵Ĺһ̣ƿͨ͸ڳ˶ܹؿֻƿֻһŵҩ
ǿŵҩ˸͵Ĺâƿ͸䣬ӪǰԻõһĻ
ʵ죬ܹϾƿӣȻס񵤵ɡ
ǹɰƿӿƿϷγһƬǾòɢԽԽ࣬ϾƿϷɷԲγһơ
ڳϵӿƵ֮󣻵ʼû˿ɢ˼
һ̣һų׵ĵζɢζǵģȴȻһ˲ȫ˶ŵˣ˶Ǹоһ񣬱Ŀ
ҩ㾹֮䣬㵹
ζϵ񵤣
ƸϯʦʯԽӲţ̨ƿĵҩͨ죬ɫ
ӣֱ޲һ̨ȥƿӱڻҲ֣
Լĳˣ
ܹȵزĵǷ켫ϻ
ҲûκܳԽ
һЩ࣬Ī޷ǵѶ¶ޱ𾪵ɫ
ȴ˵֮궼û˼ĵƣȻĴڣ
Լǰˣ
ɽ˴ߵĿУ콫ƿڸϣֱƿرգȥ˰֧ԮϿյĵڿʼҡҡλΣλɢһɹɵ˷ɢȥ
ȵƾɢȥɽȴϵһνƿڴ򿪣µĵһӿپ۵ơ
ֻٶȴ൤мŭĿӣҪһ㣡
쵰ǲڹƻ񵤣
λˣ޹ʵ̣鵤ⵤ񵤵鿴֮ȷϣ񵤵ƾ£һĵҩڼ֮ҩὥʧ۷εĵҩȴֻܹ֮ҪãκʱκεطܹñֵԪԲ֮˵֮ͬ䣬γһ΢ѭ
ɽ̾Ϣţڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳ뵽ⵤ񵤾ȹܣڵ¼֮УҲûмأ⣬״γڴǰġһε񵤣
˺Ȼһʱ˲гһ
ԭ
ʱ־ڱص֮ĸӵһЩ
ɽ֡
һ仰ȴѾֳպе˼£
ǵģܣǰȷ˶֪ȫ󲻵ģ
ĪԵҲǻͷ
ڳ൤ʦ۾ˣһ͵ĹʡǼɫǣͻȻµһŮѵùԼϡ
ֹܹЧھڸ߲εϡɽۺӣǶĳɾܹͣΪҵȽӶͨضᰯ׷ıǮ
仰˶ŭ޳ܡ
ܵˣûɵӣͷﻰ⡰⡱
ѵҪⵤ񵤵ļǮ̧ȥɣ
еĵʦһ٣ۼѪ
ǵģᱲҪ׷
ƿһθϵʱ򣬹ɽֵ΢Цλ̨ǵϿʼ
ŰУʯԽʵʹƹⵤ񵤣˴ιмŲ
ȴǴҶڹĵش⣬һ˾ֱ˶䡣
Ǻö٣ҲҪһš
ֻһţôȻкöòͻкܶ˵ʹùġ
ɽǺһЦ˵ע˵ǧһѾĪԵ
ԣ´󾪣һЩСʱ𣬶ڳĳʵɫѿֻһţôⳡֻ»ǰҡ
ɽֵұȴǲ٣ôʧ
Զʱһ񵤾ࣿ࣬߿ྺۣúɰˮСһЩ
˭֪ɽһ䣺ȴҲԲࡣ
ʱжͬʮͷڶ
ͬһ뽫̨ϵͷһ١
ô̫ˡ
ҪһţҲǾԲܵġɽƻЦЦϾϡΪ󡣡
жģǿס˵ĳ嶯
һۣתô
˲ô
Ϲεм񵤾ģ׼ȷ֡Īüڡ
ݣίʵǲÿڵģƸ󱾾ΪɣȻⵤ俴أңݿڣɽҲش
һֱ˵ĿҾôȥôÿ˵ĿڴᱻͿա
ҶЦŶȣʮߺŰɽһ
ȻŴѯԵش𡣡ɽһ£񵤣һȻ˴ȴҲֻŪʮš
ʱһƬɧ
ʮţ


44 ǵ֮
ڵ񵤵̶˵־ԲˣѾǳϵĶ࣡
ڽ߶ԣȴǶ٣
Ե־ڱصõģֳҲϰټң
ֻʮţҪô֣
ҷ׷׿ʼԼĺɰ
ĪԵһȴҲŽʮţȻԼһţҪõһţֻҲҪ൱ĴȥѪƴһ
濪ʼһŵ񵤵ɽվ̨ϣ緢ļۣƱÿһμӼۣõʮ򣡡
仰Ĭ
˻ش
⵱Ȼ䳡ǴҶ㣬һұۣӦñٺʣ
ڣ޷üһۣɳ򣡡
仰ɽʱüͷҶЦڰУҲоһӴ㣡Ҳƿڴ
㱨۾ͱۣר˵ɣ
ʲô˼
ʵ˼ԣ壿
ôһ˵⵱ڲ뾺ۣΪУԼɣ
Ȼ޷ôһ˵һʱ侹û˳ۡô˵ȻɷŶȴǲ֮١ĪԶûж
ԭա緢ĹɽֻڵĿɬ
ǧ㣬ȴ©Щɵ޳̶ܳȡ
γϳ򣬻ûмӼ۵ģûСɽһһߴߴ٣һΡûмӼ۵ģڶΡ
һǧ򣡡洫һ
ҶЦˡ
Ҷ˵ɶҲܣԼ񵤾ͱôͼ۴
ȻôĿŵĲҪôҾң
ӵĶ˭Ҳô˵ߣ
޷ɫһ䣬תͷѭ
ҶЦƿţҶⵤ񵤣ûȤģԭû㾺ģǣ˹£뾺Ͷ֣ȴɳ䣻оǣعǻҹ壬ǳɣ߰˴壻Ҫعأѹ˵£˿ߣԣγһγۣҽˣҪó򣬵һҵģң
޷۾˵ѹȻеֻ˭
֮ⲻԶʲôҲҪĶ
ҶЦͦأҲʲôȴⵤ񵤵ԭˣ
Զʱһ󻩣
񵤵ˣ
ԭˣǵ񵤵ˡ
ֲ֮ǰһҩԭһλʦ
ŮŮɣ塭׷̧ۿ
ҶЦббۣĿ˿ĽϼˣĵܲݣĽϼЩ˸
޷ǵɫʱúѿǵ񵤵ˣȴ
񵤵ҲҶЦе˵ֻҵ񵤣Һʧһѡص񵤣Ҳ˵Ҳܱ֤ΨһҿԱ֤ӽԺϲе񵤣
¶һЦջһʮŵҩ䱻£粻ɸɾ
˲ʱĿ࣡
òһʦ֮⣬һĹⰡ
㲻⣬Ǵ˭Ҳõһɢ
󵤣͹ؾصľʮſɲˣ˺ʵļλȻߡҶЦ˵ǧҪѹˣеڶΣļʱֹ
޷ɫࡣ
ߣְĿƵĶҶЦɱӯ
ȴ֪λүȻ׳Լˡݣôֳϣ;Բܶʲô
ԺˣҲҪ
һλʦŶԴ
޷ģ
Ī˵ԼˣɣҲδؾǵ
ֻҪλү˵һ䡮˭ˣҾ͸˭ôתۼͻᱻȺ֮
޷Ǵ˼ǿЦȴǿ˿ֻǸֻˣʵϷղ˵򣬳ҲֻשɽȻ񵤣о۵ģȻԳۣݣܹǰǿǿ顭Ȼ˿ڽһǧôϷٴγۣһǧ򡣡
һվ
Ժˡ
ȫ˶һ޷һεãȻΪɵӣǲӣɾͻһ
޷һһҲ͵濴
෴踺أܲһƬ͡
Ͼ˲Ķǵ֮
оǣˣղǾ仰ҲȷЩˡ
ȣҳǧ򣡡ɽƵ˵һ䡣
ǧһ򣡡޷Ǽʱٶȳۡ
ҶЦڲ
Ѿ쭵ǧһšһڳۡ
Ҷ˿̵ȴϲڵѪһʮţžȻһŵļǮС
Ҫ¥ˣȻȿѪ
񲻵һͳȥһڣ
Ҫͳȥһڣ
ġ
ˣ
˰ɣ
ҶЦľᣬĶϳӶڶ˵ʱĪڳۡ
ǧ򣡡
ǧʮ򡣡޷ҧ
ǧ򣡡
ǧʮ򣡡
޷ѾѪˡ
λôһ֣ԼòһŵǲĶ˶ˡ
գһ񵤵ļ۸ǧ˰ϣ
޷ǧ˰ۣ˵һŵ
ɽ۸ڳ˶һһұĵ
Ȼ޷Ǿȡò໨ŵǧ˰ҲȷЩߵˡ
ĵڶŵ񵤣ƸĪǧļ۸֮¡
ŵҩɽͬǧ۸¡
ˣɹϷǰŵ񵤣˴еĿġ
ȴһ˾ǰŵҲֲԼġôȻ֮ͼȾָֻԼԼԼ޴鷳ˡ
ֻǡһһͽɽ۸̧ôߣѾڳ˾
⼸ɽѾǸ޷뾺Ĳˡ
˵ĿŵҩʶΪȻ֣뾺ĸһ䣬Ȼ׷׳ۣ
һǧ߰򡣡
һǧ߰ʮ򡣡
һǧ˰򡭡

ļ۸ȻҲһ·н˿𱬼ңĽϼĽӺӳһǧŰʱ򣬴һѾˡ
ţǴӴܽ۸õġ
еش󹩷ߣʱжϳ񵤵ĳɽֵֹǧ֡
ȻʱһŮӵͻأ𣺡ǧ򣡡
һȴˣֱӰѾļ۸ŵĳɽ۸ˮ׼
ཫྺֱ
תͷѭԭǸղŵǸŮӡ
˼һŮž֣ʱ˾Щŭ⣺ǸղŸӣûмСѾͷĳʲôϼ
ĽϼĽӺӣǲȻŭ
ôʲôģ
ô
һΣ˵ɶҲˣȥĽϼڱоͳͷڹˡ



45 ׹ӣƸ¥
ǧ֣ȻȴྺߣȴҲĴˮ档
ĽӺˮԿǧ򣡡
мͲס
ղžıʱ̱˸ˣ񵤣Ȼʱ̱ҿô۸
Ҳֻο˴Ľϼ壡
ŮƤҲ̧ǧ߰򡣡
ĽӺؿһۣĿ¶ɭȻľ֮⣬漴ŵǧ˰򣡡
˿Ϊǵ˵ǧ򣡡
һɧ
ǧˣ
֣Ѿ˵һŵ񵤵ĳɽ۸
ŵҶЦէ۸ҲǾһ¡
벻¹ȻôǮ
ֻһĽϼҪߵһ˰ɣ
ҶЦĿת
ĿŵȫԼڵƣĽӺӹȻǲȻŭ̲סˣɴվλ㾺ۣĪǹҪĽϼӲô
ǰǸ֮ʵһ٣֪˾ˣҲֻѹȥһӻĵڣȴֱһεü۸
ĽӺһŭҲ޴ƣʱͳ
Ľϼ壿ôȻ̧Ŀ⣬һۣƷұǹƽǼ۸ߵãƺʲô䲻ӵɡ
˵ҶΪλ¹ֻҪˡ
˵Ǿ仰ȴǻһת䵭ĵλĽϼ֮ΪǹҪӡǾҪӺˡ
֮⣺ĽϼӣҲνġ
һԾǧˣҶʱĪ
ǡ޷ˡ
Ůӣ˭
ǴԲѣǹŪ飬ֻߡټɽں
ҶЦ棬ĴȤֻҪСһĽϼǵ˴֮һ飬Ҫü֣ʱһҲǶôԽܡϾǿĽϼ塭
ⷬէȫǺ⡣
ңƺ̧Ľϼĵλһ㡣
ĽӺȻ˿Ҳ⣬Ͽ⡣
ŮַģУȻ
ҶЦֻǡѵôĽϼӣ⡭ĽϼǷǳţưֻ¹ﵣ𡭡
仰˵ĿⶼЩ졣
һ侮ʯҲ̫һЩ
ŮȻЦЦַģĽϼӣǰֵüǮ
ҶЦӣȥٿڡ
Ѿˡ仰ҪǴǲޣӾȥײǽĽϼ⼸ǲײͷѪҲԲסôɿˡ
̵ΣĽϼ˲רӵ鷳ӵȻҲҪ¡
ȻŮ仰һֱǻϽͣתء
ŮҲǺһĵĽϼ壬Ҫҵǹʹǵ˵ķϣ˳ˮۣҲӡ
˵ĽӺӸղžȻҵںǳңҲǷʰˡò˵Ů˵˼ĺѲ¡
ĽӺ֮£ûǷŭ֮ȵ澣ȻСĽϼ壡ϷҪ
̨ϵĹɽȻ֪Ůݣ״ȴҲסæڴϣĽ֡
ĽӺŭɶŭչصģ㲻һеʲôʸĽ֣ʱԣ㻹ʸ񣡡
ȻѾŭӯģʼ蹷һҧˡ
˴ǣһŭȥģûɣ˰и֡ҪչĵڣῪʼˣֻ£ȴһֱһûй
зǳĲʹ졣
ȴǶӽˤӣڶƤžȻֱһ٣ҩҪ󳬼һ·ѹšǰȫȾָ
ʱ˿̣ҪһСѾͷӣĽӺڳױ
˹ף
ɽһǣȰ裬һƬģҪĽϼһû뵽һƬȴҧͷһƨ
һʱ䣬εҲ˵
һԲĵĽӺӣһڵġΪԲ֪ǰλʲôˣıʲôˣ
ȻĽӺӻĿ壬Ŀ¶׹⣬ĶǰŮ澣˭֣˵֣ɸң
һһ澣ŮֻĪȴһŭֱ
ôˣ
ǰ漸˾ʱҲûôء
Ʒ񵤣Ҫѵ˻Ҫˣ۾Ͳ˾ˣôͻȻϸ߶ֱӳ
ѵһﵱǿһŮ֮۸ô
һʱٺãҲ̲סͷŭڶ
ĽӺӣ仰ǴĽϼôŮɭȻ
֪ݵˣ̲ס̾һ
Ľϼôɳһ
ĽӺЦĪǼˣˣô
һ澣˪ãȻˣĽϼˣҲˣһеŽټɡ˿۸ߵãûǮ͸ҹø֮
漴һɣһֵǷƸ¥׹ӵˣ֮㣡Ľϼ壬ҵ㣡
ĽӺӱ˱ӣŭѾ嵽˼£ҪںȥȴȻһ仰
һͷȻһʱ侹ͻȻ죬͵סˣ
ǻδˣһǻŭȴǰҲˣ
У˶ֻ
һڿһĴɵƣ֪ǵʲô˰ɣ
һ̣ĽӺΨһ뷨ǡˣ
ҡǵʲôˣ
ҡղŸʲô
ĽӺԺк죡
һͷĿѣ˲֪ãȻ֮С
Ƹ¥
׹ӵˣ
֮㣡
⼸֣һһĽף޼ϵغĽӺͷ
ãȻ֮䣬Щ֪۾һȥϣõһʾʲôģнӴĿˣæĽת˹ȥӣ
Ы
Ƹ¥½һһˣ߸ϵo
˻Ľ԰ݷ
ĺͬͷ
˥֣
Ƹ¥
һ׻˵úãλѵԭһף
˵ıǰ׹ӣ
ǰ׹ӵķƸ¥
û֪׹˭Ҳû֪ⷭƸ¥ʲôطųأͬʱ³壡
׹ӣ
λ˼ϵ
֮У׹Զˣ
ƶ֮֮㣻ַȫǬ䣡
ڣĽӺϵģȻһ֮㣡


46 ֮㡢Ϊ
ĽӺĶǻ֣̿ҪͼʲôȴȻоԼȻ˵
ǰ󲻹ת˲֮䣬ǻŭ𶼱˿־壬ͷβĿ־壡
ֻ˵ǿֻţ
ȫ׵һ󺹾ͳˮð˳֮ʪ͸ĽӺȸֵ񴥾ȫ֪顣
˿ͷľֻһ¡
ǷƸ¥ҪĽϼֵĻ
ôĽϼҪ군ˡ
طƸ¥Զֻ֣ҪԸ¶һЩȻЧͣν˴ң׽Ѿļ壬н磬˵ǲȴҲָ࣬ҷ𣬾̫ѵ飡
ĽӺӵĶӼæվ״ؽе
Цһ֣Ҳܽеģ
һ¶һĹ⣬ְֻҪһ£ʲôطȻεİ꣡
ĽӺӵĶһ֣̿ǣǣðƺȷã⼸ĽϼĶ࣬ҸۣƢҲ΢һЩղһʱɣڳԡ
һĽϼ塭ûɣ
ת£Ҳ˵һ仰
ĽӺӸأԴվţֻоǰһƬ谵Ӳͣ·ʱҪˤһ㡣
Ǻ˵һĿⶨĶĽӺӣһֵ¿񵶣ʱ̣
ת̤ȥ
һֵĵ񵤣Ȼ
ֻǣڣѾٹ񵤵Ĺ֮ʱ񵤹עۣ֮ǾǰҷƸ¥鷳ȴ졣
תͬĽϼǵùߵģᶼɳһЩʲôɫûȾǰϵĸǲûгȾǷԼһɱлȥ
ĽӺӸӻȥ֮󣬶ȻҪĽϼֱ߲ӰƤɣжֻ
ɽ˵ǧΡ漴顱һɽ˵˳ĽӺ͵زһ¡
ǧĸ߼ۣǱԼ̧ȥġ
ԼѼ۸̧ȥˣð׹Ӷ໨ӣһص֮㣡
Ŀ˿ɽ˲ʱףɽղֹԼ˵ΪԼǰϧԼ˼ҵĺĵ¿ηΡ
Ŀ⿴Źɽŵ֡
ɽڰֻ֣һеƹ񣬱˵ūţнľεĽϼ˵һ֣ûʸģҵ𡭡
ĽӺӿ˵֣˵ﻰղʵͷϣⲻˡһ
֮ͥ£ĽӺӿ˵Ƕ棬֮£ǰĹɽѾҵһˡ
û˵꣬˵ỹڵʲôĪ鱦Ҳ뿪ȥô
ɽʱٲҶһ
λ֮ҲЩܻˡ
ȵڣ˭֣ǲƣǻòͷף
ĽӺĿٿ˵ʱ˾ͶĬĽĿתߣӴҽӴ·ڶߡ
ôһȦȥĽӺڳ׾
һ̣ʧǵվƺ˺üꡣ
߹ף
ŻعĽӺȻ̾˿İڰ֣˵ˡ
ҡҡλεվĵ˳ȥһ̵ĽӺӣͬһʬ⡣
漴Ҳ˳ȥ
ڳ˶ûûͣ鱦дԱˡ
֪ǵ֮㣬ǲô˿ߣˣֻ¾ߵĻᶼûˡ
ҿ߳ȥǿˣ
ĮĿ˵ıӰֻЦһҲᡣ
о⣺֮ҪԸˣ֮ĵ֮ǣҪɱҲǺѵ飡οĽϼȻȻʱܵ˺Уȴܵ
ŵ񵤡
ɽٶǽע˻
Ȼ
ǧ򣡡ٶ𣬿֮вκε
Ҳû˸վᡣ
ɽ̾˿ɽ
ˣ
¡һˡ
˷һ
ŵ񵤡ɽ
ǧ򣡡ٴγڡ
Ⱥжʱһ΢ɧ
СٴοڣòƾЩ֡
Ѿģ֪鲻ãһҲͰˡ㻹ûˣѵ㻹񵤶ԲôƸ¥أҲȷʵ󣬵ܹܲڳ˰ɣ
վǵλ£ղΪ֮˻飬ȴλûйϵֻһүйһҪŻȥҲģλȫ֮£ġʱգв
Сôһͣʱ˺ö࣬ʱƽˣʱеĻӦﻰȻǰ׹ҪģӦõġҲҪ׹͹ȥġ
˿ڷ׷׸ͣж˵̫޳ˣôô޳ܣ
˶ںڣһվ˵仰ģΪʲôأܴϰ׹ӵĹϵһݾ޳һʲôôͲܸ޳һء
ȴ֪˿ҶЦпǺ޵ġ
Եĸоûнղŵϣ˵һĽϼ廹ûϵʸ񣻵ȴǹɹŭ̬һ񵤡
СĴۣ漴Դʻˣ˲ƽƣļȴǵ澪ˡ
ǣҶЦȻϤ˴ŮֶΣȴԴȫ޼ƿʩ
Ͼ˼ҲǸۣûеáɽ۸Ҳǹʵġ
ҶЦȻвȴҲް취
һˣв˼־裺һŮˡολ׹ӱˣ
ֻǡⷭƸ¥һʲôڣ
Ȼܹ˶˼ɵ
ӵ߿񵤿ʼľԽԽңҪòݣűȽǡ
˶һֻʮţѾûţ
ʣµĿţȴʮڻֻҪ;Ʋ
߿ţɽ۸Ѿ쭵ǧŰ
ڰ˿ţֱͻ֮ǰ߳ɽǧ򣬴ﵽǧ
˵ھſţη񣬾Ȼȥǧĸ߳ɽۣ
ҶЦһֵϲЦտƺ˴ʴʵĽƸһԼ
һţ
ɽҲ˻ߣǱᾺĵһŵ񵤣ļ۲䣬Ӽԭ򲻱䡭
û˵꣬Ѿ˽еǧ򣡡
һ̣ü˼ͬһʱ˳
ǧ򣡡
ǧ߰򣡡
ǧ򣡡
ǧʷ¸߾ֳֳ֮Ϊ֮Ĭһ˲ͻȻؽеǪ򡭡
ƸϯʦʯԽٵĪԵѾӽ


47 ү
ʯԽΨһһпץסĻ
ֻһţϣȴްտԡ
ŵĻɹȴܹһ
Ī̾˿
ֻԪӦüֵһѾˡܹ۵ƵԪȴزڣȻѾǪֻ֣һţ
ٶĵҩҲֵǮ
һŵҩȴϵŵʦδǰ;
ڣɵδ
һŵЩߣǿƸɣȻЩ࣬ȴ⣬Ǳ˵ȥˣоʲôǾпܽĳһ콫Լѹȥһͷ
ĺνأܲǡ
һ£ͷʮߺŰᡣ
ڵȴڣǸ֮衭óô
ⵤ񵤾ԼġǻԵɺϵõģ
š¶ɲðѽʯԽļ١
Ī̾˿˵ǧ򣡡
ѾĿǰͷܹʽһˡ۸òĪҲֻѡ
Ϊʽٶôһֱ⣬ɵƾͻܵĪӰ졣
ĪУȻһ׽ĲƸҲǶơ
ǧһ˼ԼĶ䡣
һŵҩ
ǧ
ֱǷˣ
Ȼͷʱˡ
֮ǰ뾺ǼɣһĪվ˳һڣͽ۸ǧĻθһǧ˰ҲѡĬȻ
˶֪ʱٳ۵ĻǾڹȻƸˣ
Էһ޴ѣﲻ
ĽӺɵơϱϾټ޷ǿЦ̾ϢһҲΪһһš
ΪƸľУ޷ǵ˳ʹѶ
ⳡҵľڸһ䣬ȵҪʮߺŰλ֮Ӵһµʱȴ֣ʮߺŰᣬѾȥ¥ա
λ֮裬Ѿ֪ȥ
ŮˣŮĪԵˣԴ˶ǸеЩ⡣
λүղôĸߵһĿӣ˭ĵΣôתۼûӰأ

ҶЦŶȣ˽ܵĹĲ裬̬⡣
Ȼطߵʱ
ҵҪһĽϼ廹ô鷳ߡҶЦţԼͷö˰ɡ
ֻƸ¥ʵȻҶЦü˼ΪֹǴε߼޻жϣڶԷǴҵĶ氡
˼źɽһ˷˽
˿ҶЦɫǿһ񡣾ͲҪĤˣ
ʮԪλүóȻ㴴֣
ⶼü򵥵ĵʯɽ𡢻ϵڱˣ
ֱӾϵһɽ
֡ɽıһסҶЦ֣һһ߼¼ͬʱҲһ½漣ڣڰ
ҶЦЦЦźߣ
ִ˳ôô
ɽ֣УУȻУ϶УһΣչȡΪ󣬵ܹҶϵģԾɻǧ֮࣡
ҶЦͷЦЦźߣǧôడ
ɽеزʲôС˵Ҷ֣ѵ㻹ʲôĵط
ûʲô⡣ҶЦЦЦ󹩷ǰЩҲ͹ɡǮǺǣʹһЩ۳ɡ
ɽӦõģõģûκ⡣
ǰҶЦĶȻ࣬ȫҲǧ
ǮԳжϣȻҲּ
Ҫõֵǧ˵ȻͷȴҲֻһСͷ
ȻʵĹɽڴʱȴеظо˲Ծ
λүڵЦݣôôЩζӦЩζ
һ׬ôǮһѾ˷ܵ˹ȥɣλүôôأ
ɽ˼⡣
ҶЦʼվôɴɶҲ˵ֻǴŰɽȻɻҲֻһ߰һĥﲻԾ˲
ҶЦʼչŽӲһĲЦݣŶȣϾĿ˷Ǳ߽ŵĺ㡣
žž졣
ɽԴҲڽŵת
ǵλүˣ
ɲʲôС飬λǻʵĴץסеĪʧ
۳˾֧֮ڷүĸ˲ƲһǪҼ򡣡˷ˣͷ󺹵Ĳһ䣺ӦϽɸ˰ʣеǹش󹩷ġ
ˣǵСǮͲͷˡҶЦ˵ôǮҲûɶã˵ˣֶҶҲǶϡĻɫ˰ʿɲǳæ˴죬һ׬Ǯ
񵤣
ɽһλүˬʲôط
ԭˡ
λүĲˬ֮ǡʮŵҩڣɽ۸̫ˡǰеţҲŲһǧѡ
ƽɽ۸ĻôҲֵһǧϡ
һǧһǧһһȥʮ屶
ýֺͷĳľ޴ʧ
λүˬĹˡ
ȴڣʼ̸˼Ǯġ̣ҶЦôҲ˼˵ġ˵ʲôġ
ȴҶô̬˸߲ҵͳȥһڣ
һ͸׬ԼǮˡ
ⳡ鱦ɲ޳ģҲܳɽ۸ɷӣǧ򰡣
Ŀͣһ¼㡣ɽ֮ڣȴַڵȨ޾ġ
Ȼɽһ£һΣλүĻôȻʾʲôλүʲôõԴĻѡȴһ鱦
ȻᣬôҲǳԿﲻˬɾѾ̫㹻ˡ
ʱȥ˺ôһᣬҶЦ߶Ѿ裬ɽһͷ󺹵ܻߵҶЦǰǺһЦ֣Ҹղʾһ´ϰ塭Ȼһ
ҶЦŶʲô
ţ֮ǰõŵ񵤣վմ˷ֵĴˣΪ˿񣬲ƽϣȴƽܻݡɽһ˵һ߿ҶЦɫ
šҶЦϳһı
ӡ֮ǰЩƷ͸ֵģһǮҲҪЩ΢⣬ĪҪɽ˵
ҶЦĵ⻰˵̫ˮƽǧĶͳȥȻЩ΢⣬ȻҲҪǣƴְ
ȴʱüЦȴԳɵ˵ⲻðɡ֮ǰ˵õ顭ô˼ءǲ˼


48 ռ
ɽλ˷ͬʱбģôģ춼ֵˣȻ˼˵ʲô˼˼
в˼
ȴһ飺ӦõӦõģֻҪֲѾο
Щ΢⣬ÿʮΰ˴ΣҲǲģ
ҶЦYYȴһȴ֮֮ĲģЦӦõõģȴ֡ʵǣ̫ˬˣ̫ˣ֣ѣҽˣ
˵ţŹɽļһ顣
ɽ鲻Խس˳顣
Ϸ֪ˣǮ㣬ǲύġ
ҶЦĿ֮£С˳šֱߺţеܽӣλƵض顣
˵ضһ㶼ţ߰ҩһڤһ֮ɳջḻ
õЩƱҶЦԣһ൱ĸ
ΪⶫȥռУƫƫڵҶúܣռ䱦ȻǮˣҲûģΪ⺮½еͼͼռ䱦
Ǯൽһ޶ȵʱѹ˵ģñȴ˿̣ȻֻǱĽȯ̫֮£ͬĺֲܿķ
ȡֵĽȯʮһŵţЩʱȼĴС
ҶЦĴҪ󣬹ɽڴӦЩϲôǮλܵ
̧ȥһ·̧ӵ˸оЩԾ
ﲻԾ
Ծ
˵ĽӺû˵Ľȫ£
ͣ½һֻˣȻ֪ʲôʱѾɡηΪ˹

ҶЦƱ·ϣ»ϲ֮Ϊɹ׬ĵһͰ𣬻ΪξĵҩͬоϲԭΪֻһܹռ䣬ȴû뵽Լ֮ǰҩȻ깻ʸ޾ռ䣬Ѿʼѿˡ
ⲻˮ׼֣ȻǱҩ֮󡣱ҶЦܲһӵˣҶȻѾ˳ˣᳵ·֮
Ȼϲ˻û꣬½֮ɳͬؽ޾ռ䣬ȻʱδӦãܽ޾ռ䣬Ѿ˵ˡ
ڤʮΣȴԵ˵ʯòһĵȵԵˣֻԵռ䣬ΪǱ޾ռ˽ȥһ쾧Ǵһ㣡
쾧貢С
ڤòƻλ쾧֮ϣ߳ôһ顣
Դڤ޾ռ֮ǺԾɳɢ쾧裬Ҳʼͬɢů
ɽȻ෴ڱ˴˽
ֻ쾧ֲڤġֻüҩ֮ͬԿ
ȻǼҩ֮Ծɵֲڤɢĺ
˳֮£ռе¶ȿʼһ½
֮⣬ռƺֹˡ
ҩ֮ԾɲϴǿŵӿǼһȡ˾Ȼͨ棬һζ˼ŵҩ
ҶЦȥһЩϲ⡣
ΪһγģԾƷʵĵ񵤣ֻʮŵ֮а˿Ԫţȴһֳ˾Өɫҩ
ϴ赤
ǱԪ߳һ鵤
ΪмҵҶЦȻһ۾Ϳ˳
ϴ赤˼壬ϴ裬ų۹
Եõߣδǰ·ӹ
νǰ·ɲǵ˵˵ģʳʮϴ赤ߣһת֮塣֮󲻹ʲô°빦ǰ·β
ϴ赤˵֮ǰҲҪĵҩ
ϴ赤㳣ں½ͼλ˵ȴϡ֮ıȻǸɣҲǼޡֻ֮ͨЩĵӣصлá
һͨӣǾûлӵеġ
ռ䣬Ȼʼϴ赤ˡҶЦһ֡ˡϲá
Ȼͽעеǿֵĵϡ
ŵҲʵֲ̫һЩ
ҶЦüǿŵΣµķ֣ǵϵ»òƸһЩƺҲԱһ㣬ҶЦֻԼĴ
˵ǴĻɫҲӵľӨһЩ
޷ȷϵı仯֮⣬òƾûа仯ˣԾǸоϢ
ҶЦſţ޵ġ쵰ʲôʱܷҪ̶ٵԴ
תͷǱһҶЦʱͽǻӵ˾⡣
ֻмλãͤͤĿڴ֣ɸ£ҲɷԲ
ÿһƬ̵Ҷӣƺԡ
̵Ѿļޡ
ѾתΪڵģڵģ֮裡
ҶЦ״Ȼֵúϲ£졣
»õҩ˼ʷжϱռһλظоҩԱӵиʢ
ҶЦԵĹһ£ɵˣ
ǻᣬҶЦԤУʱԴݵĽ׶ΣȻѾоǧ򣬵֮裬Ҫǣռһż칦
컹죡
Ȼͬ漣һɱ֮裬ǽ˳ڽ׶Σֱӿڡ
ôٶȸȡ˶ٱأ
òƲûش𣬷ǳпѧԣ֮϶ǿ˺ܶܶ౶ˣ
ҶЦ¿ϲ²޾ռ֮еʱٵжڣظоռȫ׵һɴ˷ؼҪĿֲϢ
˷ͻȻ˿ֲѹ
мλãӿ
ûüӦһ̣ҶЦоԼ˿ռ䡣
ѾҶЦһαԶռ䣬γܵĸоȷʵ֮ǰ
ȫȻʧأԼǴڴŭ֮вͣҡҷһ㣬˵ĸоͷĿѣת֣
ոȥôôһ£ҶЦѱ۾󻺺תĸоȴ޺תٿǽǣѰЧ󲻵òȥֳŵأڵء
ĸܣǰҲǴûгܹģ
ԺأԺ¡¡ĲϺҶЦܹоԼľڱĳգһư׳ľ磬جج
ȥ¥յ˲䣬ҶЦҲֲ֧סڵϻ˹ȥ
֮ǰҶЦֻһͷǧǧ򣬲Ҫ˷֡ԼڣǷ֮ء

ԸΥ
ҶЦԹȥ֮ڣ
һˣһŮ󣬻ˣһӣһŮӡ
С㣬ҪȥҪŮü˵
ŮɴҶЦīŮӡ


49 ²ˣ
ֻŮЦɲżһʣҪһ飬ҲҪ˽һЩҵʩ򣬵ȻҪģǼ֮Ѿʲôز
ǸǴеĿڡ
۹ܲܳΪ½һЩɶ֮صĿ
Ů˵ţչǽǡ
ողŹչʱһѾ˻֮еҶЦ
ˡŮĿɫһ䣬֣أˣ񲻾Ǹղϡǣ֮
͸һۣУ׳ĿǸշļһ
Ůɫһת鿴һܣٵǱʲô˸ˡһֵ˻û
վ̣ȥһҪκ˷֣˴ڳʵıԺ֮Сˡҹûдá
긾Ӧȥ
Ů˵ţ̧žžžҶЦţȴǷסҶЦҶЦ֮зתʱǶˡ
һ֣һŵҩҶЦУȻˢһͳһڲҶЦͷϣ鷳㽫ǧСģҪκ˿Ŀ
ǡС㡣λӦһһѾҶЦ˱ϡ
Ůʱ֣ҶЦϿٵһ飬漴סˡֻҶЦȴסˣһֲζ
˼Ʊ֮⣬ϵȫˡλ֮ӦǱˡر֪д֮УΪ֣ȻǴٵˣΪεûжЩ޶ƱأѵۡΪʲô
ֻǡֵĲˣ
ǡȻѾȵزôһߣѵˣ֪ݵҪԣǲμӹ˴ˣȻ֪λ֮ǱϵЩҪֵǮˡ
ԴֵۣĶ벻ǲˡ
Ȼˣǻ˭أ
ѵⰵУбԿţ
£ʵ˲죬˷ѽ⡭
˼ȴодȶȣҶЦϵ¡
Ůתʱͬһ㣬˻ȥݣ˿ǿɫ仯ȴȻԿĲӶЩˡ
أԲͣعԼղô£ôʧ񣿾ȻԼһ˵Ļôûó
뵽ȴ𣺡ϵζᣬѾ˷ӵ۹֮壬֮ĸо
Ȼ֮壬Ȼ֡ôˣαȻҪ߳࣬ڱϿȫȻûκ˺¡Ʒ
˵ˣͣҲҪӵеԪƷ֮ϵʵʲôҪȷλշıʵʲôΣܽΪƶϳ
ʱűסͷԲѵҶЦѾ߳ڡ
Զһ
͸ٸ
ûκγɣŮץҶЦ͸֮룻ǡӸһӣˡ
˵ǰޣһڣžһǰС
ǰ棬ֻţǣѾһ˼ʮ󳵵ĳʽ
װ绢ƻ
ֱʵ˵á
ֱѾȥԶǳԭ㶵վţͬһ㡣
ˣôһƳγεĽӣһƾɵ
һӣٿʮ
Ƿˡ
ԭϵڱĺ°
һֱûӰӣŻعֵߵߵؽһؼȥˡ
ͷһʣǮкܶܶ࣬Ըϱϼ·ô꣬ȴҲûӡӹŮԶٺõģÿ·Ҳ˸ýѧõʱˡ
ʣµǮɲҶԺҪץ׬Ǯиǰ̣ô
һţһƺѾõǰ̲סЦտ

ҶЦ鴤ţȻʶĻ֮УȴǻΣȫľƺһ̶Ҫѿһ㡭
ԺУʶУƺҪըһ޾ʹ֮࣬ȫ޼ϵŰš
üȴرס죬졣
ŮҶЦƽϣϵĽڲϵͻȥһĹߣȻÿʱÿ̶ڳ˺ѷεʹ࣬ɵ̾˿
ˣʹʲôַ˵ĲпĥôãַĥȴڼѾ˺üַʼսⲻֽƣңҲֶεκ
⵽ʲô򣬾ܹʹࣿ
Ǹٵ˼ֱɥĲ˶ҲͰˣǰһɱˣҲʤ˻ĥ˷ָ͸ҲЩߡ
ɱˣҶöˣϵֵ¶մȾٵѪȡ
ĥ˵״ȴƽһμ
ãܵĽడ
ʲôޣȲҾ徵飡
Ҳǵ֮ͷίʵӲŮ΢Цһ£һˣȻһһĸ֣ʧȥʶĥѾʶĲҽһȻҲûа䣬Ϊܡ
Ŀ֮Уŵ֮⣬Ȼ־ϻʲôɵģ־˵е񵤵ƣţĵ񵤾Դˣ
·ϲнţνӽǳţһլԺǰȻֹ
λ˸ƣ򿪣ôõõ˽ȥ
漴ٶȽա

һԾȫ޸ӦҶЦֻо˿Լŭ֮нһһ˴Լʱ̣۸֮Σ
ҶЦ֪ԼȻ˸ֻ̨࣬ܽһҧţһУȫȻᡣ
Ӳ֪ԼѾ˼⡣
ȵǿҵڹȥҶЦµĺˮѾ߰ʮ飻Ů⼸ϸչˣ˼λ񵤡֮ݵĻµֻˮҲѾãԲ˵Ц
˵Ůڲ֪Уͳ˴˵еĳЦľˣ
Ȼߺͱߣ»֪


50 Ŵռ䡢Բ
ڻָ֮ҶЦһʱǲ鿴Լʶ޾ռ䣬ȷﵽױһʲôӣ
ԭҶЦձǿ޾ռ֮ʱǷһؼĸоʵ̫ʵˣµĿĪڣ޾ռıˣǶҶЦ˵ǻԵĴ
ںηô⣺ֻҪžУ
ת֮䣬˳Ľ뵽޾ռ䣬Ŀ֮ҶЦ۾һӾֱˣ
⡭⻹޾ռô
ԭǿռ٣ǻ찡
ţ˵е֣Ҳûɶ̫䶯ȴһӷֳ˾Ÿ֣
ǿŵмλã
ǰϡŴͬķλֲͬɫŸͬĿռ䣡
һռϿգڤ棬Բϵɢɫļ֮ռԵģٷ֮һû
·һɫĿռ䣬쾧裬ͬҲٷ֮һû
һռõЩҩɢɵȻʮǧ
һռ䣬֮ɳտѼûռտΪռȫտҲȻһ
ԪǬ
ҶЦӹŸռ֮࣬ԺвȻ両ֳô֡
漴ռϿգֳ֡
ռ䡣
ռ䡣
ռ䡣
ľռ䡣
ռ䡣
ˮռ䡣
Ԫռ䡣
ռ䡣
ռ䡣
Ŵռ䣡
УռڤԪռ쾧裻ľռ֮ҩռ֮ɳ
ĿռȫǿտյģȻûӦԵʴڡ
һ̣ʮո֣תţҶЦǰХһƬƣֻһƬռ֮С
ۣߵǬžŹԪ𣡡
κ˽ͣҶЦԼ˿Ҳˡ
ҪӳռãͱҪȫˣܹ֮š
Լþֿռ䳹ȫˣͻΪ
׺һһļҶЦһʱЩ᣺ҵưôĵȥôĺö˵½װȥһܹɾžŹԪ
ʱȴòж
ҶЦĽʶ˻̫ˣôռ䣬ôռ䣬զʲôʱǸͷ
ȻһŮӵ̣ӦǱȥˡܿǰһһҹȻûбĿȥˡ
־˸̾ิ
治֪˭µĶ֡
ǵģֶμֱɥĲ˷ָ
õˮȼڡĪҪˣΪˮǾЦˡ
ǡ
漴һŮվȥˮˡ
ֻһ仰ҶЦ˺ܶ¡
һԼλÿ϶ԼļڶŮΪԼǱϮġǣҵӦûûа¶ΪҵľȻסˣŮȻԼԼδĴ⣬ҪȻסҾжϣòǽ˷²ˣ
ͬʱҲһ֮ǰǳʵںˣʱԼȫûκο֮ܣĪ˵ʿһͨҲԼŮӣ۱ΣʼǾԼһȴҪġ
֮ǰ˹ı幹죬Ϊ֮裬ҪαװȻҲҪٶȹвܹ
һû˹ܵĻµĻҶЦڻУйȻȻĻָĿ
Լɾȫй¶ˡ
ȴƫƫʱ˽ԼľסˣţԼαװܵԱȫ
ȻҶЦʹමȻ˺üڱ¶ݺ˵
ȴǲֵһˡ
ҶЦһơתǡѡƤȥ
ֻһŮ˹˷ɵʵˣ
ҶЦһԼľ˾ȻλԼīĹʱоЩģ״ơ˵ԭ㡭ô
ŮһЦ֮ͣҳݣֲعڻ
ҶЦòֵļһǺˣһ֣ŮֶֻԼУ޸м˵֮ͬ죬ĳû
ʵ̫ͻأŮӦҲ벻һһϢĲ־Ȼô죬ֻԼͻȻͽһ˫ȵС
Լδκ֣ȻѾһ߬ģ
һʱ䲻ɵɫһ죬漴һŭҪǿЦʵ̫⵱㲻ʲôġ
ҶЦ߬ס񻬵СֲţпŵȳڱΣ֮УȴֺӹǸ߷ڣĳ֪֮ˣ
˵ţ߬˼ҵ־Ȼ˼Ǹ˰᳦ģȻ󱻲
ŮԼ֣Ȼ鲻ŶԷһмĻŭҲôΨ˳ѡԼһͰŪɢˣ֮ǰľȫæˡ
Ц˵ֿɷȰҵַſҡҲϰߡ
ŶŶҶЦæ֣ѽʵ̫ʧˡԲסԲס
һָۻĸоƺƣĸо
ңһ㲻ԾܲԾ
ҶЦ֮ǰܹоõŮǵΪңʵ൱ףȻһַâ¶ζ
һֱڽΣһĸо
ƽĶۣ½ˮƽҲûм˿ԿơҶЦȴ⣬ݺЦܿЩ΢
ַâĸоƵ΢ĩȴʵ飬ʵʣεٺãҶЦҲܹоóġ
ַâ޵г֮ʿûС
ҶЦղƴһᱡˡͽӵĶͷ˼Ҵһ˫ﷴ˸飬ȴȫûĺۼ
ǣȫûĺۼ
Щˣȫ볣Υ
ǱöôĺãֻΪϴʹ̥ǣʼΨһֻҪ书һ˫ֶȻһĺۼЩۼͨ˿᲻ʲôͬߣǸУȴһĿȻ
ŮȴȫûЩȻӦôڵĺۼ
˼Ȼûû͸ϸ˼ҹѾˣ϶ǵˡ
ҶЦջ֮󣬲žЩڨڨġ
ϾЦĵͽӣ˼Ҵ˵ڵ棬Ƥܹ죬ʼҲҪһΣ˼ġ
ô˵һ֡ԼһôɵǸĵɶ˼㡭֡ôá


51 ˳
ⲻò˵ҶǰܽӴŮ˵ԭ̻Ǹ
仰˵üֱԲ֮治֪ûӣ߳ù
ǵϷأǵϷأ߾ǺĵϷأȻҶЦԼʶġ
Ůǿװ򶨣⣬ռ˾ͱռˣҲ͹ȥˡҶЦһ仰̨ϣȴʱԲ߷߽ӣŭĿҶЦҪ
ҶЦղŵĻĻ⣬⻹ģ̫ɶˣ
ҶЦβԣܵظоԼ˵˻һԴһᣬ֡˹ȥ
ĳ˵̻ͣǲͣǶõǰΪԼȡ
Ȼֶβôϵ̨棬ЧȴǸܸܵΣ
Ů߲ҪȴǻѾɾ˹ȥȻ֪װģȴҲֺֺЦ
˰ˣȴҲʧΪӦǰεһ취
һվȡˮ룬ŭȵˮ
ҶЦأһװαΡ
ŮŭᱡңȻװΡܶˣѵҪι㣿
žһһˮõϡ
ĳʱɵۣòǲװˡ

֣Է˭Ķ֣Ůһ߶豭һЦ
ɴ˿Ѿȡ£¶һƽƽӡ
ҶЦ˵˵֮ǰɷȽϵľֹ⿪ҲָܻÿЩ
ŮȻһЦ˵ĻֿǸ֣һſ˽ƣ󺣣Хɽ֣СһŮŮӣ񲻾ˣ
ҶЦ̾˿ֻߵڣСָͷͿԴҰٰʮˡ㻹ڵʲôûҪ
ģҪСһЩĺãСʹ괬ġŮЦȻ
ҶЦô˵Էǲ⿪ҶЦĽơ
ѾͷһӣȴǺִ֣϶飬ǲ׸ıġҶЦŮ¶λһ¡
ǰӴŮʵ̫ˣĲЩѾͷƬﶼʲôҵˣôôСôҶһпơ
Ҷֻû˵Ϊδ󣬾ͼҴҵ뿪ˣȻȴǰ㡭ŮеЦţһ˿Լ֣ٲԼ֡
ĳ˶ڡԼ֡£ĵ׻ǺܽΡ
˵ҲҵùɡҶЦ̾һϣٶϻȥ˵ϵǮҲ̫һЩûһߡ뵽ոչչСӣӭһˡ
ˣŮһüǴĴ٣ôᴩ£Ȼ£ǲ±¶вأȴΪλ棿͸ŹŹְ
˭˵ǰǰˡҶЦſڿӣĵѾͷȻϸ緢ȴֿһ֣ͿһƬҸмܲס̫󡭡
һƬ⣿Ůеץסһʣʲô⣿
ҶЦһƬȻʲô
ŮʲôɫǺˮǺˮߣ
ҶЦ룬һ˼˵Ӧɫ⡭
ĳ˵ĿЩȷ˼
ŮԱ˽һɫ૵ɫǾǡԪڣ
˾Ĭľż
ҶЦȻףɫ⺮½Ѿ˾֮֡УȴҲֳ˾Ʒ
ǳɫʵǳһƷɫѾˮ׼ƷˮǸ߽ƷΣȻ˺ˮǱ۷ڸ߶ȣǴҿг˵ģԪʦ
ǳɫǾͳּ𣬴ﵽǿˡΪﵽǸ߶ȵǿߣѾԶˡ
ϣﵽļ֣ʵȿȴࡣ
ӵɫԪƷڸ֣ǵһˮ׼Ƿ
ͻȻŮüͷ֡ԷȻĸ֣ط֮ѵ
ҶЦһĺʵҡͷ˵ȻЩ£ƽ㽭ͷǮþδҩ֮٣ôĸ֣
ˡŮü˼ȻҪһߡ
ҶЦĻŮɣʵϣǼ츳кǱ޵֮ˣܹƳƷĵҩ
Ϊˣ˼·ܹʵǺϡ
ҶЦ˿ȴͺȲˮĵĿˡ
ǰüʮͨðûˮ˾ңʱ䣬пУȻҪúҲһ
أŮ׷ʡ
ţоǡϵĶòƶˡҶЦ̾˱ԼϣϵĸоǱһ׳ͬʱŹһ٣ỹܸ˵Ѿþȫ
Ů΢Цȷס
ҶЦʵʹմյùԮʩȣշĳˣлر
Ůһ£֮ͣҳݣҸˣֿԽҳ
ҶЦһޣ֣ˣˡ
˳ӹһŭʲô˰ҳûҡ
źۼؽ˿һߣҲһ£Цָֻղ˵ҪЩҩȥ
ҶЦ̧ͦͷǡ
Ǿָ֪뾺ĵЩ鵤ԼƳİɡ˳һУЩ˵
ҥԣʵǵ½һʦ񵤶һң޷ֺšҶЦæ֤Լ
ֻǴ˿̵֤ԣȴƳõζ
Ǻǡ˳ζһЦƺͷȻһ䣬ٱ룺֣룬Ȳ衣
ҶЦһ˳һߵѩ˿ողֵģȻѩȴѾġ
ֶһۣ椣н񱡣
ҶЦ²豭ȴװ豭ʱ㵹µµŮǱ߹˹ȥ˳æȥ
ҶЦۼֿ죬һȷס˳˻Щ˼˵£ĳϰ߱ùĶ
н񱣿˳̧ͷһ
ҶЦ⵽λӺڰ׷̺ͬǿ޾þˣëģСɵӣģֳһġĶǵ
ǳȴαװָ˱ĿɫԲѷɫҹѾͷɡҲ֪أҶЦͻȻһͷ
ӣҶЦЦǣЩ񱣬أȴªϰѸģ
˳ü˿漴ȴֿԼһߵѩ˿üͻȻ
תͷҶЦĿ⣬Ȼһ˿ɭȻζ
ҶЦͷˮȴڰп࣬ȴֲ֪⡣


52 ֮ƣī
񹦿Ҫ»ָתȴʱ򣬱椿Ǳ䷢֣ٶƣɾ군ˣǵǰӵңңˡ
ʵϣҶЦĵһʱ䣬Ѿʼ֮ơ
һֱڣԾûаãȻĪ⣬ȻΪԿתҶЦʱΪǳҪͻƽƣҪʱ䲻ơ
˳˵ҲᣬʱһҲûиҶЦ
нô˳ȻеɭȻζȴѾǺ֮
ҶЦЦЦûн񱣬ĺҪôҪǣѾң㲻ߣֻӦ˵Ӿһʼʹ⡣
˳ȻһЦҲ˵ԼƵĵ񵤶½Ⱥף˸ˣܽʧ֮Сñȥ۹һеͷֻһ·ϣҪߣǱߣ̿Ǵͬġ
ҶЦٺһЦвô֪һһҹôİɣ
˳Բһ¡
ǰòӶܸߵļһһʵĺӡ
֮ǰǰʹ࣬ȻҲûкһԼ̷вҴ˶
ô˵һ۹֮СȴҲעⲻ˵ˡ˳ȻЦţΪ߳Ϊ˲ʲô⣬ڷϣָͷɺã
ҶЦһ̾
Ȼʱ䡣
Цһܲ˵У
԰Իϼָͷ˳һЦ磬ҶЦľžžžָͷȥ
ողſʼ۵Щһαضϣǰ
ҶЦ̾˿ǹĵ̣˵ʲôȻûõģˣǳī˹㻨Ĵõˣȷ֪ôôνҵר
˳Ǹò䷨÷ˣӵˣҲֵġִԷģ÷ˡ
һ·
ҶЦ٣΢Цãʼ˷ˣ÷ˡӵˣǿϧ˹ﻨôĴۣ֮κðɣЩʱʥҩӦò䷨Ҳǿܱɺġ
˳һǲмһˡ
ҶЦ˵˵ǳīôƺˡΪ˾ɡ
˳ЦȻ˲ŵĵ٩ôֵʶ㲩ҩҩЧ䡣
ˣҶЦЦֻǣؽ𹺵ôΪ˾㸸ô
ȻҸΣǳīܾΣ˳ݵ
ҶЦǺһ֣ǺǣТĿɼΣֻϧҲš
˳һ㶣ţ㲻ʲô
Ҳųȡóī;㸸׵ΪīãȻܹȴҲֻܾŮ˵ܾ˵ԣﵱһ˵Ϊ˾㸸ףѹͲţȴ֪˵Ųأ
˳ȻȻЦЦȴѾЩӲˡǣഫī˾ʥҩӦص˷У͹˼ɶأ
ҶЦ豭һڣίʵǹഫȻ⺮½֮ϣһҲû˵ùī֪Ȼҩ֪Ĳ֮ҩں½ùīˣѾˡ
˳ɫڳ
ҶЦȴװȻҩ֮ȷʵʲô˲ȫˡȴڼ֮Īڷ⡭
˳Ŀûп˵
ԭҲ򵥡īȷܰΰٲ֮ʵӦȻīҩȴڷҩڣǱĬ֮£ڲΣ½֮ϣû˵ܹܵգзùīˣֻѪһ֣ҶЦ۾ض˳۾˵
ȻǸۡ˳֣ڵЩţʦˡ
˹ҵĸ֮ȴԾɲġҶЦ˵ԡ˹Ӧţܹ֮ɡں½ӦòԣҪȵˣڡ⣿
һף˳͵ؽӲһ£ȻתͷɭȻҶЦ¶һ˿ɭȻɱ
˵⡭ôҵۣ൱ĵˡҶЦ£٩٩̸ֻǣҵƲʵôȻΪ˾ˣ˶ȻĸףҲĸסȴӦǸŮˡ
Լã˳ϸָ˿ѾЩˡ
ΪȻ֮ˣֳܹīõģԾֻһˡŮˡҶЦٺһЦŮҪҪóīϵ˻ĻԾҪһǰᡣ
ҶЦһ˵ǸŮӣǴ֮ŮӱȻʶǱ֮ȴΣ̴棬һɻΨбԪ֮Ĵӷ֮޶ȵĻ
һӣôŮȲܣȻͲǹĸˡȻǸףҲĸףôʲôֵù˷أ˵ݣͺ֮ˡ
˳ֻСһͬʱ߬ȭͷȴɲɿؿڼһ£ޱ˵˵
ҶЦд󶨡
Ůˣһλְɡ
ĸ֣ûԨʶӵ̲˹ɫĴˡҶЦ۾޼ƿʩ޷ҶЦҲֻóѹ׵ԨʶȴҲӽʵƶϡ
Ҷڴ֮ǰǰû뵽ԼһСУһԷס޷
ˡֳ˳ٶȽӲһ£Сɵıҧź촽Ŀ֮
Ҳ֪Ҫȵˣ㽫īˣʱס˻ҲֻٹӲдʮѡʮ֮󣬳ҵһֱȳīƷʸһȵĳ˻·һΨҵ˳ܹһԵġ꣬Ȼ󡭡ȴҪҪƷʵĻˣˣܹȹ׻Σ
򣬾ʱΪѾ˸ľ磬ֻҪûͻһأȻⲻѪ
Ϊ֪ƣǷŮҲãΪҲգκҲ޷⣬ڷ˳֮޷ͻһǱɡΨһ⣬ֻл
Ҫ˵ǳīȻϡУֻҪѰңлᡣ˹оѾһꡣĻϣҲûмá
ҶЦ赭д˵㹻ˣҵ˳ôȴҪȥң֪Թ񣬻֮䣬һֹֻһ꣡
˳ɫʱˡ


53 ΣҰ
ˣиƲ֪֪֪ǾǴҲΨд֮òܷЧ
ҶЦ¶һ֪ʲôζЦݣ컯Ū˰һŮܹûʱ򡭡عҲӦǧɡȻǸӡ֪ΪֻǱ
˳ҲͲסһץסҶЦ½󣬾ȻԼǰҧгݵͳвЦЦһԣ
¶һ߳ŭܻɱ
ҶЦϣֻѣȴǹЦҵȻЦΪʲôЦ˼˵ɷֲֻǣĸɱô
˳ݺݵصòƯ˼Ĵ۾գۼ侹Ȼָӵɫ
Ųϵش˳ͦؿҲڷӿǡ
ҶЦǰ۾бб¿ţ˵ӦǸɫ˶ؿڣĺðס
һУ˳һ֣ҶЦԶԶ˳ȥæȥԼ½
ҶЦһӷɳ߰ɣصˤڵϣԭ˳֮Ϊ⣬ˤÿνʵһʱѣ۵üҪȥȴǲܲ˵ķЦܿ˴⣬ˤˣҲֵˣ
˳ӶߺˣŭصҶЦƺҪһڽԵһ㡣
Ծûжãȴ΢΢һЦ޽ǣߵ֡ĺء˼ҸղŲʧֽɱء
ǷŭŭǳҶЦȭһҶЦ⣬־塣ôһЦȴҶЦЩëȻ
ŮˣȻܹʱôԵġԵģ򵥣
⺮½ʲôطôôŮˣһĻĺһ˳侲Ӧ䣬ϬһͿŮˣȻЦ֮ԨʶҲǼδδŵģ
ôҶЦϵĳɫվȻһȳһգ״Ǳȴǳ˴ݲȵζЦϧ㲻ɱҡ
˳ӵĿҶЦ㵽˭㵽ʲôˣ
һʦʦ֪ģӦñҪ֪öࡣǣҩҩҩ档ҶЦ⣬ǡþҪҵĵطԣĲɱҡ
˳ĺȷˣں½ǶģսʱѾαҶЦʧ̬ˡ
ȴƫƫܷ
һ޻֮Ľ֮ǲܷһʲôζأ
ݣƵָоɣ
Ҫ˵ʲô˳һٶЦ
ȣ⿪ϵĽƣнҺܲҶЦ˵ҲҪ˹ٻָơ
˳˵ž͵ˣкܴᣬҪȵˣʹʹóīҲܹʮΣ
˳Ŀһ漴ҧ촽˵˻棿ʮꡭʮ֮أ
ǺǣǾҪˡҶЦʼ򣺡Ҳ֪һīѾЩʻҰɫҲ˵īѾҪɱɳˡ
ɱ䣬Ȼ˵ǿ죬뻹Ҫһ꣬ĹǵĻʱȴֻʮ꣬ʮ֮īûɱɳǸںˣԾֻ·һ
֮ҿϳְǣóīʮΣȴȻҪ⣬Ϊûκΰ취ܹһ꼴ɱĳīʮ֮ڣɳ
ҶЦһָͷò˵ĺˣΪа취⣡
а취óīǰɱ䣿˳Ȼ̧ͷ۾ĶҶЦ
ôɣôõȻа취Ҳδ
ҶЦһ߰ذͷһҾҪЮ
ΣңҾǲΡ
Ұ
˳ɲǼٶȸоĸоơ
ҶЦһǷĵЦݣ𱭣治ﲻһЩ
˳ҧ촽ͻȻչȻһЦ֣һΣ˵ʼСþ⼸ιˮιҩźţ֪Ƿأ
ҶЦ飬仰ɾ˵Щˣôͼ˼оǣʲôҵ˼ұҲûҪҵɣɱң˼ҵΪҸûп֮˰˰ٻˡ
˵ˡҶЦǱ˷ˣû׼ͰҵϱԴˣɲ˭ѵ߲µģιˮιҩʲôźȻͬźһźţҲǵ£Ӳҵľҵ˽֮һĿ
ͬźһźţ˳ǰǿǷȴҲƽƽһĭȥ
Ҿ㣬㲻ҲͰˣȻ뵱ڡʲôģûеƤ
˳ǿάȻЦݣ˵֣Ƿ˵˵İ취ǵУ˳Զ췢ģԵ⿪ֽƣֵ֣ǸңԷֵɾơ
ȷҶЦ˳бۡ
ұ֤˳֣˵
Ҳ㡣ҶЦһڵ˵
㣡˳Բ
ΨСŮҲǲСҲȷŮӣҶЦڣֲñĿˣ˵ɣҪǷˣɶ취
иһǰҵķȥȻתְҸɱˣӴԺҵķӷơҶЦҡͷԣն񣬲òôҲøԼ·
˳ٴαؿŭĿԲҶЦҲܱǵŵķȣȻЦݣŭѰŮӿɱȣΪ۹
˵ȴͻȻס죬˵ȥҪ¶ԼݣȴҪβң
ˣӺҲøһСŮӼƽϣͿźһķϣ㵱ɡҶЦҵİ취ֻһã֪Ҳѧᡣ
㡭㡭˳һ
ǰλ֮裬ֻһ˺Ҳʲ£Ҳ²޲һ˫ǧûϴһֱŵĳɶ档
Ȼ㲻ģȴ˵ЩʲôôУʲôźһҲ޳һ㣿УӺأ޳¼ķݣ
ҵжϡҶЦ˳ɫҪȵˣӦΪһ칦ΣɡŹƾãȴȱݵġīлֲܹȱݵҩ
Źȱݣҽ죻ֻţӵжһʵҶЦ˳ԽԽѿɫ˵֪˵ĲǺ½


54 
˳˵ƾ½ҲĹ
ҶЦǳﱾеĹҪȵһеĻôｫҲ⡭
ĳͻȻʼϸϸµش˳塣
˳ֻûëƺ˫۾ѾԼǹһ㣬޼ɵŭ㿴ʲô
塭״ţʣ磬ǧδܳһţѵõǡﾹȻǴŮ塣
ҶЦε̾Ǿš
˳ŭĿ޼ɵ֮࣬ȴҲԵȻܹҵ
ֻǺܿϧҶЦһתԽã츳ԽߣŹĽҲԽ죬Խ죬ҲԽ磬治֪ùϲ㻹ǡ
˳
׻᲻죿
˳溮ްЦ⣬֣Ҫǡ㾿ǲн취
֮⣬רΪġ
ҼҵôôûأڸֶηʼĩԵ˵ףҵҽֶЧôˣһ˵ֶǸĹйءҶЦұǵʦңĵĵʦȫͬԲ˵еĵ񵤡ҵĵ𣬱ǵʦ˵֮еģ𣡡
𣿡˳ü
ֵô˵Ҳûа
조˵ҶЦأ治Ĳǹһ𣬵֮棬츳ˣĪԵѵ֮֮£ûеڶӵдֵ𣡡
ôԣ˳ü
еڶܹⱾ£ҶЦȻҷ֮һģǵеڶˣҷ֮͸ҳŵΪÿһ¯һ¯ʮţÿһŶǵ񵤣
˳ĿҶЦϣɫ𶯡
ı֤ĶԼע˵ѾĪģ
Ĳ˵ֻǡ֤ÿһŶǵ񵤡Ѿ˶ѪڼҪȼˡ
⡮Ӧȷ£
ּȻô˵ˣСûʲôŵģ˳˵ֻǡСܲܿһֵνۼΪʵҪ󣬷Сðɣ
ҶЦܲɣҵǿģܸܵġ
Ҳ֮ڡҶЦƽĿ˳˵Ź˹ĿǰҲѾ൱زɣֻҲҪõī磬ҾȽ㼴ٵΣˣһ¡ֱͨĵ·ʵ֮ǰܲٻ˰ɡ
˳һ棿
ʾѣ˵ɵ֮ţȣ˵ĴʦҲ
ҲҶЦ˵һ㣬ĽԽ죬ҪΣҲԽ
пܽӴΣؿڣ˵ԼʮҪ
Ҳš
ΪīֿɵõĶ
һּѵá亱ĵر
ȥŪ
⡣
ǰķ֮赱ܹΪԼ⣬ô˳Ծάϵһʦ֮꣬ίʵԼ֮ץǿлȥΪԼһʦūҪǿö࣡
Ե棡棡
ҶЦһԼһεΣٶȹȥһˡ
Լ״̬λĻϸ塢ҹпܽԼֱץ۹ȥ
Ļɾ鷳ˡ
˳ٶЦҶЦϵ˼£ҶЦֻоһ壬漴һɣĽƣѾ⿪
ָʱһġ
˳ȻһЦ΢΢֣Ϊ֮ǰðǸţĳԾֻҪֽѣû˼
ҵȻ㡣ҶЦϵһЦ˵Ϲ
ȴҪ㣬ҾĳֵһŴɵϣ

˳ĳӵ漴׼ƲˣȻǷʢͬźһ㣬λү
ͤ
΢硣

컨
һһŮӶܰɴ֣΢ɴ衣
Ǻһʫ黭ž
ΨһвǣеòŮҲƽ档Щɷ羰
֣βɷ˵һҲи׼׼˳Ʊ΢Ц˵
ҶЦһ£治׼ʲôʵǺܼ򵥵ģֻҪ㽫ȫɣΪȻתȻϴСﴦÿһ죬йɵĸʴͻᱻһһ֣ѭ֮£
˿˳ҹ۳ΪڹȻѾ˺ܸߵĵزûͻԪɣûͻƣôֻҪʮתͿԽ֮ǰĸȫˣȫһ·ǰУֻһεļ£ҲǣҪܽǸʱֶΣͼӰΪˣиӦȴƭ˵ġ
ҶЦһĽ˵˹̣ȴȫûע⵽˳ѾͬҪѪˣӶ
ֻСǺͬһ㡣
ȫɣС
⡭⡭
˳ҪһŽһ
˵ô赭д¹һŮӵڰһŮӵСһܹơȥ
ҶЦУʲôʱעЩϸ֦ĩڣ˼أµ٩٩̸Ȼˣ㱾ѾͻԪΣôھ͵óܶˣҪʮĻңҪֻͬʱһַֻڵﴦĥһַֻβ׵ͣһһͣϣ˲ܹȷЩˡ
ˣлһҪ£ǣ·ڵģ룬β׵طǾԲģ֮ʱĿܣһ״֮䣬棡мңеĵҽһ˵˰ɣ
ҶЦһƪ˵̧꣬ͷ˳ɫȻλ˿̾Ѿ߲֣ͨ죬Ҳˣһ˫۾ͬҪԼһ¶һ㣬ݺݵĵԼ
զˣﲻôүһͷˮ
զˣ˵զˣ˳ڱˣ֮裡㣬ǲˣ
ҶЦȻѵ㿴Ҫ֤һ𣿡
˳Ҫ˵ǣǲˣǲŮˣŮб֪֪
˵һ;ߵ˵ȴλ֮ôö֮ķ˳
Ȼһܲ죬޹ľӡ
ʱһѪĳ嶯Ȼ


55 
֣ȷ㲻ǲҰɣ˳Ŀɷɫһѿ
ɶҶЦʵлżȣһ޹⣬Ŀⴿ
㡭˳ѪѵûǡŮб⣿˵ַôԡôԡ
ߵ˵ȥ
ҶЦڻȻ򣺡
æеļһʱҲЩ޴Ĳ˼˵ǲ˼ȿȿȡû룬¼£ʵǡҡһôûӴŮӡȿȣЩʵĿǲܡұҲСӦáҲšô⡭
ҶЦΪΣ״Ρ
ƽһΣڰӵʱȴΡ
ң޷Ȼǿ˵Ҳǲ԰
ΪҶЦĵȷȷû뵽ⷽ棺ⲻǰæĲô
ڱģû
˳λӲͷķүǱӣ֪ΪξȻۡһЦ˳ʵû뵽ҲʮķүȻϱֳôһëͷСӵӡ
Ťݲ˼ΣǱ޴룬ɾԲܹװóġ
һȷûйŮ֮飬֮Ů֮ûء֪ΪΣ˳Ȼôһͷð˳
ղ˵仰ҲȷӦû룬ڲôΣ˵˼ҡ
˳š
֮裬ֶκܹƤҲ㹻ˣΪҲУǸ֣ĻͷҲӲҡ˼̬˽Ĺ࣬ʶҲ㲩ΪεŮ֮ɶҲأ
˳һʱֻּˡ
ǰԱʱоϳìܵ㡣
Բס˹ĿԣϾغһĳɾͺ˵ţ͵͵Ŀһ˳ɰͰ͵˵ģҲʲôе뷨
ҶЦ仰˵Ҹβ뿪ҽѣΪҲ룬Ҳö롣
ǧ򲻸˵仰ʱһ˼ҹ
˳ʱû˹ȥ
㿴ҵȻ˵û뷨
˼˵ҳó󣿣û˳ҧгݣһʱ߶ˣɫȻЩࡣ
ûûҶЦʱԼ˵˻ҡ֣״Σǲǡ˵㳤ѿԣ˵㳤òǺܳ󡭡Բԣ˹ҽ͡ҵ˼ɡӦ׵İɡ
ҶһĲ
ȴǳŭ֮£ױֱӽ̿ĳϡ
ŵŵš
ȵүæҵĨȥϲҪŭʡǸʲôʱȴֻһõĸӰȥ
ÿһȵĵ죡
ɼĵǺεߣ
ղŻǢĺȾƣ龰ʫ续תۼĿǽ壬үȫǲ֭ˮ죬òƻһ̣ͬһİɴ˿Ҳ˲һ㴹ڵϡ
ҶЦ˰Σһʱ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢһôƢҶ˵˴ˣûôҿڰ㰡Ҷ˵ôˣȻǣԺ˭ҪϹȢ㵱ţǵ˰˱ùˡ
ػصȥ·Ȼϴ裬òû˵
вŮҶЦĵοĵĶ

˲һᣬ˳Ǳ֣ʩʩȻ˽ټȻЦ֣ղܾˣԲס
ҶЦ̾һε̯̯֣ϵĵģںԼ壬ֻ˵뷨ͰץȥҵĹͷжӲҲ֪ҲΪβˣӲˡ
ղίʵҵĲԡ˳΢Цִ˴ȻһСŮӼƽϵģԲԣ
ҶЦŭô֪Ҵ˴ô֪Ҵ˴ƽϣǿ϶Ҫƽϵģ
˳һȻ
Ůǰôôûȣʲô˰
˼ûҶЦҲ֪̫֣õȨѾõˣǧٽŮëˡ
һŮǲܲ˵ķ˷裬ȴԼòƻֻнһ·
˳ȴǳٽᡣ
ô죿
ԼνҲˡԼʦҪô죿
ܾǰôҲԡ
ǲһԣܹȷλ֮費ƭ˵ģ
һԣԼô죿
ԼСֻһ붼Ҫգ
ĻңһʱҲǻȻ޼ƣԾ
˹ĿǰΪǡҶЦʵ
ǰǵ뽩òҲ£ԼӺɷ˵˵ɣ
˳˼˵ԪƷ
ȣҶЦһ̲סһ
ѾģôһСѾͷƬӣȻѾԪƷҿû֣˼һָͷͰԼˡŵԪһƷ
šҶЦ˵ʵҲð졣ǹڣңλҪѰҩƵ˵ҲôҪĻ˵ʱת
˳ʵʲô˼ôת
ҶЦ˵ΪȻѾߣﵽҪóīƵˮ׼ȴһЩҲҪһʱ䡭Ҳʱ򣬹ѾˣķǰҲһģʱͲ̫ĹǣңҲǶôˡ
˳һεüԲüȥŭѵ֮ھͲҪ𣿷֮裬ʲô˼ˣˣǰɣ
ҶЦȻֵ۾
ģ
㻹Ҫô˵
ƣѾںڣȴҪҪ
Ϊ룬ɣôĲ飬Ȼӷŭ
Ҫôںڣôĸɴʹȥ˲͸ɾôøΪѣ˵仰Ҳǧ֮гһ㡭
ܣ
Σ˳˵仰ʱϺϼȥظ
һᣬĵҲҵıĿ쵰Ҳ֪ұĳʲôӡ
˵ˣʦǱѾҲίʵҲϲˡ
Ϊ˵ӵģֻҪôһ߻ᣬܲȫԸЩίҲˡ
ȨǱҧһڡ
ɶ˵ΣҶЦŴԷסˡ
ʱʵԼԪּ˵ȣѾĲ࣬Ӧġ
֮ǰ𡯵ͷȻֻǶ׫ȴҲȫȻ׫Ϊƹ̱ڵ֮˳֮ȷʵ񹦶ӲΡ
ͷϾҲԱȲڲĵһ
һйĿǣ
ҶЦƵİȷʵеģֶֻι̲Էܰˡ
ȴû뵽ѾͷǰһһһڣһһУѲԼϣһȴֽһ߰ٶʮȴת䣬ȻΣ


56 
ΣΣ˳һҧȻЩȴѾ¶˾ģ̧ۣһ˫¶ɷĿⶨҶЦϣ֣˵ģȻһжᰴԼҾаΪѡҪ㣬ڹšǡ
ҧҧƭҡûռҵıˣ֮裬Ӧ֪ϣһ˵ãܣ
ĿɭȻǺˡ
ҶЦȻãѵΪһðΣգȻΪСһѣΪ˭
˵ţбۿ˿˳૵ΪԼǾˣҸо̫˰ɡ
˳ٶؿڲҲҧÿ졣ĶҶЦ
ʲôҶȵβΣʹ컰
Σ˳ų֡
ȻȷҪΣǾ͸Ͻһ£ҶЦͷ˵ţŴʩһЩʲô
˳ֻȴǶڵһ㣬һ
ĥʲôأϽȥŰҶЦֵ˵˸ϽҸΰκ¡ôŲ
˳ҧ촽һͻȻ
漴洫Ժܷ
ΧԲʮɣ˿ҿߣɱ⣡
˳ãŵͷ˽
ˣҶЦʵ
׵ˡ˳
׵˾ͿʼɣǻʲôҶЦ۾Ѱ
˳һɫɷסһ˫۾С¹һ㿴ҶЦʱӵĳ
ҶЦһ£תһĳ˻վŲü˵˵㵽զ°벻κĻ͸Ͻ·û¿Ե󹦷򣬿ǱѾʧһˡ治֪żءһŻȥأϽŪһȥôôġͦɴһ˰ôˣ
˳ڵıʵǰһֹ߳һڴ˿ȴоԼǴ׸һ㣬˿־
ƽڼɵʱ򣬴û˽ӴԼС֣ûǣ
û뵽һʵ۹Լֱ˸Լ壬ȻҪ˿ҪǣԼҪĸԸԼ·
ˣһ֮ǰȻһδıİˡ
˳˹ȥ
һ˫ֻ̧𣬲ţԼ½󣬿ǣȴôҲû⿪´
ҶЦüͷЩͷˡ
ʵ벻ͨŮôô鷳أѸ·ҲôĥĥߴߴģͺôϽ¸Ͻ£īӿī𣡲ѿڶͲһˢһ͹ˡ˵Ѹ·ôÿ˯ҪѰɣôô
˳߷߽ӣŭҿŮ˰
һ֪ŮˣǿүôīǣŮ˾Ͳ·ˣҶЦб۱ӵѸ·һΪ˾ҾͲīʲô㵽вУ̫ˣԼѣ治УϽ֨ѣ
ѣ
˳ݵһҧ
ôһ飬ȫŮͷ࣬ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣΪһòƾȫŮ˵ɬ
ǻѲѵôѲѵòã
治ףʲôﳤģ̫ˣ˳֮
֪ҶЦΪˣϱӻôϬĴ»֡
ǣҶЦһͯӹһӵĴУŮ˾жԶܶԶ
Ҳȥ˽ŮˣһմϣǺܷǳ൱ء
ԲʲôãȴƫƫǲɫåŮ˹ϵĻɫ
㡭תȥ˳
鷳ҶЦ̾ϢҲûІ£תͷȥ
OO@@𣬰֮û
ֹΣȴԷҶЦüٶȲͷ˵û갡㵽ва
˳Ҫһһ˵ˡ֣ɡ
Ů鷳ҶЦ̾һӽ˹ȥ
ȴоԼֱһֻ߶µСǣ˹ȥֻСֶ߶£òҶЦ֣ȴǣ
漴͸оһڽοֻԼڿĳ塣
һ̣͸оԼһӷһƬȡ⻬ͬ֬ʯһļϡ
ɲǼָкüˣ
ҶЦоԼҲһʶزһ£һо
һ̣һֲ֪ĿȻ𣺾뽫ԼַԶҪƶˡҲЩƮƮġ
һ̣Ĵ֮⣬һŮ㣬ǶˣҶЦЩյˣ֪ںδȻΡ
µǸڲţ˳㡭㡭㻹ʼ
һ飬ҶЦ˲ʱѹ󾪣૵Ůģ񣬿ùѹ
˳µòУȴ崿Ů׶ȳԣδ֪һĿ־Уǹʵߵ͡
ֻͻȻҶЦǱ߾ȻҲڲòһԼŵ顭ʱ͸оЩЦŮԺȻ飬һ˺ʲôѵҶôҶˣܶô
ҶЦһ䣺Ůģ񡯡ʱҲ̿ס۵һЦλү治װģȫȻð
˵㻹쿪ʼ߶ʲôԣ
δ䣬͸оλүͻȻ͸һȵȻĪܵص˲ʱԼĵ
˳۷ɳĵӣʶ㵽书һ֪ĵزҲȫȻİģ
ǰδһɻ𣬷·궼ڱһ㣡
ѵν
ȻǴδ棡
ָо
Ӧȫһգȴûʹ
ǷݴﵽµĿοо侲˳ƲסԼĵ͵һ
š
ҶЦԻһŭȵŮҪٷȻˡ
˳ղʧ˲һѾߵụ̂漴ҶЦɫĻ֮ȴԼĺòûϵȻűԼζ飺˵ô氡
ҶЦֲ̼һ£ŭҪ˵
λϴУ㣬̣ջӵһΣɲǼĳȣŻţæң޴룬ȴҪ˹


57 ͷ
ˣŮ˵ĸ첲ûнӴһΣһȴֱӾͽƸ˼˽ܵСϡ
ôὴӣָлôáоů壬ܵŮڵѪ𶯡
ҶЦ˼࣬Щͷö˻ȡɣѵǰʯͷԼĽţ
ǿ˹˳Զеʱָ
񹦹Ȼ˵ãЧŲйҶЦѾоһ˿ԼģҶЦһϲ˹Уֱڣ
֫ϢͨȻԱ˴˵״쳣˽⣬˳˿ѲҶЦı仯ҶЦȻһǹȴԴԴϮԽԽڳĵȪ֮Уֻžô˯˹ȥ
ȴϾǲҡ
˳˿֪ҶЦ֮Ȼ˹֮£Լ֮Уֲһ˿һ˿ɫ֮ڱһ㻯⣬ʱͷӰͻȻ侹ȻһҸĸо
⵹ҲȫΪԼΣҲΪǰ·ͨ衣
ǡȫȫΪԼ˵ʱԼȻһ֡йҸоǰδеĸоİȴָ֮¡
̾Ϣһֹͣӣ΢΢תͷؿҶЦĲ
ˣʵǲ˧ңƺҲƫһЩ˿ģĺ˰
ң˳һַĵ׵İȫС
Сղ޴롭̫ɰˡ
һһ飬ȴΨŮ֮һƬհ׵ˣ
ȻĻÿת£Ů˵ʱֻǸɬëͷСӶѡ
ţһԴĵ׵ô
ҶЦĲȻˡ
ԭ㣬Чֻһʦ֮󣬾ͽԼڵɱ
ȻеɣΪԼڣɱҲû취£
һҶЦĲȴһ£һ죬ԼҲ²ֵġ
ֻǡ˫ݣ̫Զˡ
ȻһŵʦȴϾֻһ׽ŵʦһˡ
Լڽ˸ʺʦΣ֮ʼҪȥġ
Լ򶥼ɵĴˣԼһܹ
ţ˳Ŀԣɵ̾һ
ҶЦתͻ֣ᷢλ˿쳣Ҹ֣ᷢλʵȻġ
ֻڵﲿλһԲԲĶֻ¶Щļ
ҲѾ˳ܹļˡϾǸƻŮһѾ̫ˡ
ȫô˵ΪѾΣڵϦʦΪȷҶЦ˵ȷԣ˳Ҳ϶ϲκ˵֣Լôصĵط
ʵϣڸտʼʱԾɱһ־Բܽܵĸо
ȻڣڸܵǹԼڣϸĵĸοԼʱȴֻеһҸҸĻֺ̿㯡
ʱһһš
ͬж˳ȫܹоԼΪΪ֮ԽԽǰ˵ĺȴ΢Щˡ
ԣˡ
ƣôŤ֣ôʱ䲻ϵΪôۣܲ
˳ţĵ΢ŲԼ壬ҶЦܹ̫Ťš
ǻ¶һ˿ɬЦ
ӡһֱΪǸ˹ְɡߡǱ¶Ŀ֤ӣ
ҵʵòô
ţ˳һɬһ㯣һģһ̾һȴһĴġ
λ׾ѧϰȨı֮Ϳʼ߰ͿʼϰͳʮͿʼŮ˵
ûйġ
ֻ˻ҶЦΪļһ֪ⱾǻŮȻֵУκһŮҲ޷⡣
ֹãҶЦȷ֮ȷ˳ѾԼĸɸɾҲʲôʱ򣬱Զֹͣ˹
δ۾˳˵ô
ΪйϢͬҶЦ˳⣬ҶЦģȴǴ˿˳˵Ȼǰδе֮ǰ̸ֹҲ˵Ǻ⣬ǰ߷ġ
ҶЦͷˡ
漴һ£˳Ѿ뿪одĻȣƳʹҶЦԶת
ֻ˳ѾվڴǰԼ·
ƮƮ㷢裬ϦԵӳ£ȻһֲʵλС
Ůˣ·ô·ȴô졣ҶЦֹ
ɵһﾹʼղ֪˼ҹʼվûѹ·
˿̣Ҳֻһ磬ȴѾһжڱסˡ
֣ţȷʵ¡˳ӣĿЩ㯵ĿŴ⣬ֻǡ֪ϲһص磬Ϊʦƣ
û֮ǰЭ飬㻯Ȼ֤ҵֶΣ㲻ٸҵɡҶЦն˵ȻҪΪʦҲȶǰʵ۹ơ
˳Ƶ̾Ϣһ
Ȼûǿ
ҶЦЩ⡣
ҶЦԼԷԾδػŵԣԼ뿪ٵһּۻۣղֱӰѻҧҪۣŶԷػǮأԷ̬Ⱦˣ̫ˣ
ֻǡǳīҪôأڶʱɱɳô˳˵
ҶЦе㲻ԼĶˣ⻹ǸղǸ˳ȻʵĿǣôôأ
ȥѾõ֤ңôͽҡҶЦֱ˵˵ϣ˵ʵһ˷ѡֶҲΨ˵ϣܹӳЧµ;
˳Ծûлͷȴĵ˵ͷ
ô´˵ʱ򣬸ҵ㣿һһ緽ʽ˳ʵ
αô鷳ֻҪˣһҵҡҶЦţ֣Ҳа취ġ
˳ٴεͷ
ǵģҪ˳ˣƺûмˡ
˳˿ܹĸоԼڵԪһǰδеĻó̶ȼţһָо£Լʱܹ뺮½ѧ߲ΡԪ
߻ֹڴˣԼӦܹñ֮ǰϵʱ䣬嵽Ԫʦ
Ȿ飬˿̻ôĺôԸǽߣȴожٻϲ֮⣬һĪȻ


58 Ů黳һ٣
ҵĽԽ죬뿪ӣҲԽ찡
ҶЦҲڼԼ״ǳʱΪķᣬԼôûиеƣأ񻹺õúأĬĬ˹ӣȻط֣ԼľŴռ֮еռ֮ڣԭһھȻһŵɫ
ǸȻǱ񹦻ԼŴռ֮С֮ռҪ
һ̣ҶЦľϲֱױȡϲ
ԭΪԼֻǰװ׵Ĵ򹤣ҪԪ뵽ȴԭĺô
һεĻԵ治֪֮ҪʲôطȥѰء
֮ҶЦͻȻ˳ʦˣЩڴȻʦΪ϶߳ɡҲ˵ԼԻԶԶȡ˳
һ뵽ҶЦ˵´ʱ򣬼֮ҲңҲȥ򱱽Ȼ絽ҵ;
Ϊ˻øҶЦҲֻܸԷһ㣬ȻǱȽ۵ķ㡣
˳ЦЦȻԨԴһϣĽϼ壬ҾͲ²⣬ǲҶЩϵȻûв´
ҶЦƵһŮ̫˿ɲǺ¡
˳仰Ȼ̾˿ϸҺγġҲҪиҴ
ιȥ˶ûٿ˵
ҶЦڴߣ˳վڴǰҶЦ˳ıӰ˳ȴǶŴ⡣
һΣˡ˳ͳ˵ұ뽫뵽۹еȴǷı¡ȴû뵽˷һδ顣
˳Ŀʼָԭ򾲡
ҶЦû˵
ҲҿǸͷ򣬻֪Ҫڵʲôʱ֪ҲŰɡ˳ٴοڣдЦ⡣
ȡ裬Ҳؽ黳ҶЦ˵
֮衭˳Щݵ˵ʦʱҪΪƣǷҲҪˡżĽô
ҶЦظо仰ζòЩͬȴҲû룬Ҳײ²˳ڵʲôǵģ֮һҪˣΪΪ޷Ƴ⣬һҪӴԪͨҪ뵽ﵽǸ˴ˣҪͻԪʦ֮󣬲пܡ
˳͵һʧ㡭ͻ½Ĵ㣿
ҶЦΪʲôͻȻôȻѵҲͻƴ˽缫ޣλô
ţǡҲ˼̫˳ɫһκ쵽˲ӣ򸣬ȻҶЦĳǿҲ˳ֵ˵ʲô
֡ȻҵԼѾɣҲӦسŵ뿪˳棬Щ̾Ϣζ
ҶЦüѰ˼椶ѵҪڣֻܹݣץ
ģûб˼ֻ뿪֮󣬱ԭд㣬ֱӻع˳˵֮ڣһʦһλصϣʱܸҺʦһϲ
ţ֪ˣҲڴٻһաҶЦ˵
ôƽаڴٻһյ˼˳ɵҧҧ촽
쵰
㡭벻뿴ҵʵò˳һŭԼҲΪλ˵仰Īѿڶ
ǲ
ֻǲģһֱҶЦ϶Ϊ˹֣
ҶЦҡͷɶ塭ǲˡ
˳һ¶һȻ΢Ц૵ʲô壿
˳վڴǰ־վá
ٶתɫȴѾġ
˵Ҽȶ֣ȥ
ˣҶЦЩ
̫˰ɣѵҷڣֻ߸ɴʲôʹַʲôԽ⿪Ľֹʲôġ
ߣѵ㻹Ҫסô˳ͻȻһ̬ĺ
ҶЦȴǸͷԣֻоѾͷò̫ϲŭ޳ˣ̲סһ̾ϢŮˣȻһô˵ҲǸոհһǱΣ
ȻͲˡ
˭˭˵úð¼䣬ΨŮ⣡
أԸ̾ţȴ˳˳ȥ
ߵſڣ˳վסȻȡһУޱĵݸҶЦ棬ǳīˡ
ŶҶЦ־ͽ˹־۾ȴĴƺȲҪˡ
˳ҧҧ
쵰װѵͲװһôչһ죬㿴ˣôȲô
ҧгݵ˵֮裬ҪסˣҸĳīϵش㾹ȻŪŪˡҾ͡Ҿ͡ҾһһİƤ
ҶЦҡҡӣٺһЦ˹ôסԺ˭Ȣ㵱ţ
˳Ϊ֮ᣬɫȴֺˡ
߰ɡ˳˵
΢紵ȹڷƮƮ𣬳ҲҵƮ𣬸ģƺһҪȥ
ɫ֮Уȴֳ˼ȹµ
ټҶЦﻹҶߣȻתߡ
վסߵ÷ɿ죬˳ҧֻоԼʵǿҪļһĥı
£ҶЦ޿κεĻͷ
Ҿһ仰˳һ֮衭ڵĿʵĿ𣿡
仰˳ʣҲ벻ҪʡסҶЦҲֻΪЩ޶ѡ
ҶЦתһ̣ȴָо޻˵ûһУͻȻԼĿαװһӦòǰɣ
ף仰ʵ޻һ
ҶЦĬһ£ʵڵĿǱĿ𣿡
˳Ҳ벻Լõһ𰸣һʲô
ʲôҾʲôˣ˴հɡҶЦǺһЦ̯̯֣ʼ硣
˳˻Σ૵ԭҲǱĿ
ͻȻһŭӿ
Լʲô˶ռˣͷʲôҲû˲֪ԼȻһʵĿû
ԽԽͻȻ㾹Ȼƭң
ҶЦȻƭ㣿ûаƭʲôˣ
˳ŭطͻȻ˼ץסҶЦһȭߣһߴһҧгݣ֮裬ƭң֮裬Ȼƭҡ
ȭͷԽԽƺҪеıŮ㺣޵ġĳһָ飬ȫйһٴϡ
ڵԪƷʵֻõԪһƷҶЦȻĴģôô򣬴Ŀν졣ҶЦķ֮ûУͱͷĴˡ
֮䣬δüӦٿ籩һŹѾ˲ʮ顣
ҶЦһеͱͱˣ
һԩҪҪġ


59 ·꣬ε
㡭㻹ҶЦĪһ߶һɶͷԣŭĽУ㡭㲻ҲǸҿһż㡭ôƭҡƭʲôˡŮˣŮˡǲ
ôѹԵסᣬҶЦȻо֮
ǰǵһ⡣
ȻһŮ˱
̫ˣ
Ůˣ̫ˡ̫ˡ
һʱ䣬ҶЦ뷨ֻ뷨
˳һٴĵ溨죬һߴһŭ˵ɵ㲻ţȻŮ˽㰤򡭡˵ѾЦ⡭
仰һҶЦֱˡ
ģ
ȻŮ˽ʲô
ٴǰװˡ
˳ĸӵ緢ֱŷԾʩʩȻƮ˴ţֻһ֣ºһŶ
ۣ
Žعˡ
ҶЦ׵վڴǰһʱᣬ
֮࣬ŭһҲҲңŮˣ
ȴ洫һ־緢Ц漴Ϣ
ҶЦüҪѪ߷ߵתȥһһ૵Ůǲ
ӰԶˡ
ȴȫû⵽ǴŴ˼ִһ졣
˳İŷ￴ҶЦ̤ȥӰ૵ıԹɵһЦ˳Ǹӡ
ת֮ʣȴԼ
С㡭ŮЩģȴЩ̽ؿ
˳ͻһȣ漴ɫʰװҪ뿪ȥ
˵꣬˵ֱƮ𣬻ȥ˷С
ŸղҶЦĴأղҶЦԼ˹ȵĴ֣ԼСɵûһȣֻҶЦĵطϡܸоǸϵζ
ɵĿЩԣ૵ԩҡǸԩҡ
뿪˳լҶЦ˼䣬ȵȷ˸٣Žīӵ˿ռ֮С
ϰҪǸӵͻȻֺƺһһȴһһСɵԼԼһ£Ʈãλãȴһʵĺɻ
һ˼δػʲô룬ƫҶЦʶֻ֪ƹʡ
ֺɻڳ걻Ũڱεɽ֮أ־ͽɡ
˻Ʈãһʵɾʵȴ춾Ũ֮в֪жԣһʱ̱Ҫһ߿ݹǣ˵İԵ
Լ绪ȴǾо綾ҶЦղŵ˳ѾͷҲԼʵֶκ¹ǻָ˱ĿҲȻһա
仨֮ͬ
߽ǣһоС֡
ҲԼԼ
￴

Եɲ
̾ˡ
ҶЦⷽһ£ҡͷһЦġˡ
˴Сڴˣ仰ĳһٴ϶ܲˣٴȻǱ䱾˼ҴѾһ棬Ȼʲô˼Ȼдʵڮ١
ѾǱˡ
ò˵һ˵̾ȻԵ͵ϣҲˣ
ĳڮ˼ҹ֮࣬أְССȻһϮƺָͷϻǹỬĸоʶָͷƺִУ૵Сӵͦͦˬ
ֽսȴᵽһĵĵǶˣλ˳ﻹߡ
ƺС椵ȹߣһɣûô
ұı׵ġҶЦ޺޵˵ҼˣлһҪǰС椶ƨɶòɣ
ű˼ҹƨɣòҽĵˬ
ʤ֮ĳ˰ͦءصǵػؼҶȥ
߳һ·ۿٹչֵҪˣͻȻüͷһ塭
Ǳ߷Ȼ
ƺٷжҶЦһӭȥ
һٶȿ硣ȴǻѪһۿҶЦѾɣһۿҶЦͻȻһۣһߣĪҪ
漴ҶЦһ
æ֮УȻҶЦǽһѡ
ҶЦֻоһɴϮݵһ͵ǽǣ
д󺧡
˵ΪȻѾֻΪĵزôˣ
ո뵽ͿӰˢһ޼ɵĴӸղԼվλúХ
Ȼ
Ǹղű׷ɱҶЦһѣȻҪҶЦԡң˵ļƣԲʲô
վΪѷȻᱻ˺÷飡
ҶЦдŭ
ȻˣҲͶұһ
մӹһ˾Ȼ˵һ仰ﻹһϡ
գ
һ˵˵
漴һⶸȻȦתҶЦĲ
˿ǽ⣬֪׷ɱڲ
ɱ˱ǣ

ԷȻͷûء
˲䵽ڡ
ۿҪת˹ȥ
ҶЦҲҲաȫûϣֻΪǣҪɱ
һ̣
ҶЦȻŭһŤͷһ࣬Ĵ̽ǽڣͬʱҶЦһУˢһ˳ȥ
֮
ⲻһγ֣
˲ɱСɷɵѾγɣ
ɳҶЦͬҲһתȫչˢһʧˡ
ѾתڣҪ׷ȥ
ͻȻһΣ
ͬʱʧɫ
תͷһֻѾǰ
⣬˹չӣȻԶҲ׷󷢶
˽žһԼüĵʱ򣬽ɵ䣬ֻоüһԣĴ˸¡
ٿгȻѾǱ˪ܲԼץŽȻͬץһһ㣬ɵëȻһҪڵϣתŽ⺮ǿסˡ
һС
˳Щһɵضϣɵĵ⣬ȻѾļ
ɲǼ͸оʧȥ֪漴üһ⣬ȻһֻҲͻȻ֮ʧȥ֪
žһڵϡ
ϣȻۿɼٶȣһƬ˪
üëͷҲ˪ǣ
ϷɵһȻûѪһɲǣѪҲȫᣡ
ƺ˱
˼겻壬ͬʱפ㣬һ亹ˢһð˳
˵Ϊ˲ãȫ񶼼ǰӵǿϡ
飬ûС
ȴͻȻֹǿˣӦȵµͷӦȴѾЩˡ
ʲôˣ˶һͷ¡
ʯϣȻǿ˴ڣ
ˣϽתΪҲæûд󰭣Ȼһ˲Ѿˡ
ⶼġ
ǸղšղҪһɱǸˡ


60 ɱ֣Ƹ¥
ǸղšղҪһɱǸˡϵı˪ڻȻСһһҲЩĻ̿֡
뵽ԼȻҪһͽɱȻĴ鷳ľ͸оһһ㣬Щ
˴ľ
ǰӵˣۿžҪ׷ϣչھûʲôˣڳ̾벻һݺ£޵Уȴ
һ̾͵صɴ۾
ΪҲǳһķɵ
漴׷ɱԼͬʱܵϮ˾ȻҶˡ
Ŀһô˻ﳤȥ
ңһ
УɵղԼһѵǸˡˣǸ֮⣬Բʮûˡ
ȻǸˡ
ԼˣֻһηȴΪԼϾҪˡαҪһͨ᣿
Բһѣ
ȴû뵽һƳȥȻΪԼƳһˣ
ԼղŲܲʣȶϰĻôڡԼѾȵ˵£һҲˡ
ôһ룬ʱһ亹
Ҽס˵òˡ˶˵£Һ󱨣
䣬֪ˣ
һʧӰ١

ҶЦ֮ǰʱ䲢һҲһҹһ£㲻ʧ١
ʲôһҹġȴ֮Уܼұ尾öˣ
˼ʾ֮зӿĿǷণʱҪܳȥҲô
ȷʵ⼸֮Уȷʵ˲£൱顣
Ľϼ壬òǲٴҶѰˣµỹû£Ľ˱ѿʼ˾ǣٶ֮죬̾Ϊֹ
飬Ѿúܶ벻ͨ
զˣ
ڴĶʲô鶼ûɣôϢĶȥòƺǴһأҪô
ô˵ĽϼȫԱ룬ҶιܼǴһ
ģүİȫ֮б֤ˡ
ͻˣΪҶЦʧˣ
һһҹӰүմСȼ֪ٵʱҲû֪䣬ʱǻʧʲô
ˣܼ㳹׵צӣ
ѲɡүĽϼ°ˣҪȻĽϼôߵôôأ
ܼһŭ֮£ϣʮѪӱ޳ţ
ǽǵȫƴˣҲһҪӾȻܼɱڣ۾ˡ
һĲһС
ףޱߵɱ
ЩǹֽɱİսϱһҲǵ֮һθǽЩɱ뱩֮ɢ֮˾ëȻ
һ˼Ҫսһƴ׷ϣϳȥһֱһɽ£ոչչɽŵĵڣͬʱһվ
ĿһƬҲ̶õ˼
ʮˣʮƥˣѪ׷ɵĵҲû˰ڡ
⡭ЩĽϼˣ
һѪԱɢĽϼ־ֻѾ룬ܱϵó
Ľϼˣôˣܼüͷ
ˣֵǮĲҲûˡһѪףǲ٣Ҫʰ޵ôɾɣ൱רҵ
ƨھֵطôʵǿǿܹٵĽϼ壿Ҳ˵ʵ۹½ǿôܼû𣿡
Ѫ죬ͷǡ
һЦ
ܼϸز鿴ֳûҵ૵ʲô˸ɵôɾʵ㣳
ʬ干ʮߡĽϼһˣǼİ˸֮⣬ˣȫһҲ٣һ⡣
һѪŵϵʬ壬мǸͷĽӺӡĽϼǰҲĽϼĵܣȻΪԪ磬λȴǼߡһΣȴҲ֮Ȼǲκתˡ
ң˻ôɸɾܼ̾ԽԽ̫˷롣
пĺڹҪҶϡ
ǣҶһϵûаȻҶȫսҲ޿սʵϣιܼδ׷ѱˡʡ֮ġ
ĽϼʲôҶ֮ӲȻ˵ݺҲ࣬ιܼҵĹУүΪ²׷ϣȻȫûܹȳҶЦĻҲ΢΢
Ľϼǿսô׵ȫ군ߵʵôﵽʲô̶ȣعƣʵ۹ڣòƾûôǿ
ɽڣ
һѪе
̧ܼͷһʱסˡ
ҪԼһӡԼڵı˼޻һĵЩ̫ɾˡ
˼ҸûΣר֣˵˭ɵģ
ղ֮ûע⵽λεɽ֣ȴΪǰһĻίʵ̫ˣɽȻδ˿ڣȴ˵ºڵʧûıȽ۵λãһС
Ľ̫ͷɱ֣Ƹ¥
滹Ѫһе¥ı־
ȻȻɱɱ֮󣬾Ȼµһ
⡭ǡ
һѪĿɿڴ̫Ҳ̫˰ɡƸ¥ʲôڣ
ܼˮҪ˵Ȼ˵ûйӵټؾͲǱˣȥǷ֮أ֮档
ϣû̫ķɣ޾ǡ
Ƹ¥ڳˣ
֮صͬʱҲֲ
ܼҸоԼ˾š
ڿƸ¥⼸֮󣬹ܼ̲ס͵˼¡
ûҵӣ˾ţ֪˷Ƹ¥Ϣ
һ·ܼҵܵ䡣
Ҷ˻ȥ֮ٶѰұ˾ǣҲûҵҶЦ䣬һҹܼһҹδߡ
ڶ죬ٶչѰ޹
Ҷ£Ѱ޼ɺҲǲɴ֣ѰҶЦ
޼ɣڽû⽻ȥ֮󣬹ϵزһӻͷ𲻻ͷˬ
һжΪҶЦյҶЦʧˣ޼ôܲż
żĻӣӵĶ۵ɵôģСĴѰңһҲҲѾٿҪıԵˣ
ôҲأѪ죬ŭȫûõĶң󶴣ҲܷŹ
ӣǰ˵ĸۡ
ʲôˣҳȥѣ
ӣ˵ļҡ
ҳȥѣ
ʲôҴ򣡸ҡҳȥ

Ѳһ֮󣬾ͱץ˻ȥ
ǰų˵ģרΪԼǻģ


61 
һһѣ󽫾Ѿʵ۱µǰȫ
ʵ۱²Ȼŭңǵıúù̹̣ܽܽǹ̲ܽã޾Ҫụ̀ܽ
ҶʱקĽԼҹûȥ
һ߱ߣһأŽкſңҪЦЦ
޼ɶȫûӵΪӲѣֻҸˣȻܹø췴һ㡭ͷӦõġ
ڼѰҵʱ򣬻Ҳ֪ϢʱС£Ҳʱ㳲ھչ
ЭͬѰҶЦټ
Сҹ´ѾߣҲļٵҶҡ
ҵû
ôûҵ
˰ɣ
쵰ǲȥҤӹˣ˳ȥң
СѾͷһǵ¥ǵ˴ùÿһҶȥѣеοͶĸ˳ԺŶӡ
οһĿ޹⣬һĸϳòҲͶôˣҶһУʲôýġ
ֻǿʼʱ򣬴Ҷϰס־̫ˣЩľĶһˣǹһ֮Щеҿ֮󣬲ˣתɲһ߲ѣԭĳЩطȫһУ໹Եġ
ȻЩеҿ֮ҲˣҲɣȻҫôվţϾȻЩ˼˺˳һ֮⣬һЩطҲǺܲһģ԰
ȣʲôԣô˵Ȼǲ֪ΡΪ
һƬҺʱ򡭡
˱ѰҶЦҶӻˡ
ĳ˹;У˸Ƨطָ˱ĿȻϻЩŹĺۼ˳Ͼû֣Ҳǳת֮£Ҳ˲١
ҶܶٱһЩΡ
ոߵԼҵֵϣʱ˵Ļ
ӻӻ
ҶڽС
ҶӻˣҶӻˣ
ฮͻڽС
ллأҵˣڿ԰ˡ
Ǽ˼ڸм㣬ҲѡҲаԴʧˣÿһԼҶѲ鼸ʮ顭
ζ˭ܵˣ
ոսéӶ£۵һžͱ߿ˡ
װ
һ˵ҶЦ
ҹһ˫ֲվҶҴ¥ϣŭȵʲôȥ국ҽѵ㣡
ҶЦһů
СѾͷ˵װͰ͵ģ֮еĹȴ˭ó
ң˵˵ţۿҲˣСҲˣۿҪ޳
Сģϡ
ҶЦʩʩȻĻ߽ҹһʧõľϲȻһӴӴ¥ϳСɵӰۿҪҶЦֻǲ֪أȴסˣ
СѾͷͣҶЦǰŰҵλãôĿ㡭㲻ǹɣ
ʶСҶЦ壬תҶЦо¶ȣͻȻһû
ֱһӱ
Ż
ĳʧȥټһҹǽСѾͷŻˡ
Ҫһֱǿװ򶨣ʵ򶨲סˣɴ˳Ѱңȴҵõء
˵ʵڵģȻҶûзѰңĵȴѾˣ
һʱ򣬻ΪҶЦǳȥȥˣ֪ˮ
ȴĽϼھǵĵڣ
ҶЦĴԻʱ֡
ҶЦ˼ʧ٣йءĽϼһ˵ȫˡҶЦӰ
Ƕѱˣ׳ˣȻҲ
룬òƾҲûʲôõ˼ˡ
Ȼ˽ʱ򡭡һȻԼʩʩȻشӽֽǹ˳Ҫһɴݲ£¡
һɾȵ׷ľϲֱ˱
˵ʲôأôˣҺúõİҶЦӣϷĵȴһƬůȻ˿ǰʱ֣ϦȥܸоĲá
һ֡ν˼𣿡ĸоȻͷ
ڹʲô㵽ȥˣڷĵС֮˲һĵĸױŽ֪֪ʲôʱ֪֪һ㶼ҷˣ֪֪ǶôΣգ֪֪˼Ҷô㡭֪֪
СѾͷצĴðֶˡ
ȻͻȻͣסˣһ̣ۡһһӳҶЦرס޵ûһ˲ͱһֻСè
뻳ҶЦֱӾͽӲһ£ֻͣڰգܵЩ֪롣
Ϊ˾ˣȫ֪ôӦڵĳ棡
ŮͶͱ顭ĳӶûоһ˲֮䣬ܵľͻˣҪƳȥȴָоơòƺܸжů
һ̣һǰδеͷȻһӣĲǴͯӹѽɶ
Ȼô֣ҹԼпţȥӿһůİ֮⣬ȻءԼֱۻ£
ڣءᶨıס˻ǽС
ʷǰ⵱ҶЦΪһôرһŮˣ
һ̣ڿ
ͬʱȻһɡӵСҸС
ָоô棬ȴôˣ˰̷֣¡ȣҵһαϱĸо
ҹ¿˺þúþãŲԼȻҶЦСӵĻ̵̻صĳ˱䣬Ĩ۾̧ͷ糺ſڵﰡ
һתһͷ˴š
һĻǾ紦ӶãûɣСѾͷǴӣĳҲǴУ
ѾͷȻ֪ˡ
ҶЦں溰Сĵ㣬·ײǽϡ
ҹŭ˲ʱҪܣһʧ
Χ˶ʱĵ͵ЦΪСŮ黳еĻ衣
ɢ˰ɶɢ˰ɡҶЦ󷽷Ļ֣ⲻǻôǺǺǡҶɢ˰ɣûˡ
ܼҼæйһˣȥүҶЦүѾȫˡġ
ȥ
ǲǼһ˭ֻ֪ʲô¶
޼ǰЦЦЦȻˣҲͳˡҪٲ͸ð˰
һζЦ޼һ֣ฮ־ȥ
ĿȥҶЦ븮УܼЦŽӭȥһžͳӣϵˡ
ҶЦڰ֣ûʲô£֮ǰ˸ץˣһ˼ӻ
˭ô󵨣ܼҲȻɫ䡣
ѵ˵Ľ֮⣬бҲүеô
ţ¡ͱˡҶЦ˵ѾΪѣԣԷһʼҾû⣬˵ˣѾ뿪ˣ档


62 С椶
ҶЦȻô˵ܼҲͲ׷ʣӣ֪ĽϼˣȻȫˡ
ҶЦȻתͷʲôˣô£֪ʲôµô
ʵܼüֵӦص֯Ƹ¥һҲûºĿŵ֣˵˭ɵġƺǷƸ¥רĽϼµ֣
ҶЦ˲ʱˡ
λ֮㣬ĳˣ
һ֣ȫأֱӽĽϼһǵˣȫˡ־ϣĺʵ
ҶЦо˴Ŀġ
ȻǴ˵еķƸ¥ҶЦ૵˵г˼һһԼ׷٣һƬɽ
һƬ֡
Ӧþɡ
ȹ죬ˣҴЩ͹ȥƬֱӸˡճʲô
ȻصԼСԺӣȴҹͤţͷճյ¡
ҶЦ߹ȥ档
СѾͷۿ£ЦЦ˵棬ô
ҶЦ˵Ӧаɣ˵֮У治סһλŮ϶ô
СѾͷһЦЦɼˡ
ҶЦůЦЦˣʲôˣµġ
ҹ¹ɵĵͷûˣղſء
漴ֳĬһͻȻ²ЦЦûȥǿϧˣҿȥˣ۽磬ջĻһ绪һŽԺҲǸˡ
绪ôҶЦü˵ҿ
Ҫ˵ҶЦҪʵǺֵܹģιܼڴˣһֹ
ʸ鱦߼רؼͬСɣҲǸ߼ؼҶЦôڰ˵ҪȴǲֻҶЦЦСѾͷؼֻм֮⣬֮ģСѾͷ
Ӳôࡣ
ҹһЦӻȡһ飬ݸҶЦҶЦŷ֣Ѿͷߵʯϣһɵĳ
ѾͷĶѧЩȤֻǲ֪Ƿ绪ȫỹǲбҶЦ˼ʵ¶ڵѧΪʲôز
ҹЩŤ󣬵ѾԪƷ
ԪƷҶЦԵͷȴмˡֽĻСȻܹԪƷѾ൱ˡ˵ô
ûҹ·Щ£ڻ˵ˣһ̣ϣҲȥѧ䣬˵ʲôŮҶǹ̫£ԼЩȤǰ꿪ʼ͵͵ظŸʼѧ䡭Ҫʱ̶ŵɹϧλķ֮󲻾ãһγͻսˡ
ҶЦһ
ɶף
ǰſʼ
Ÿ
͵͵
ɹģ
Ȼ֮У͵ԪƷ
ѵѾͷֲô
ɼǷȻҲǲҲ̫档ǣǺ½ݳɾͣ˵֮еţֻ¶ޣ
׵ģ˲ͬ⣬Լ͵ģġ
Ҳ˵ûΪ·ָ
Ϊķλûսˡ˵ˣλĹҲһˮ׼һķܸߵȥأ
ۺôĸ״ôԼһͷԼϹײȻײԪƷ
Ҳ̫ɶ˰ɣ
ЦĵЩˣ
Ϊǰ˾֣
ôˣҹ¼ҶЦ˵żʵǲҵĽȺܲҸ˵ңû츳ѹͲʺ䡭
ҶЦǳ˳飺ɶףû츳ʺ䣿
ոȥҪ㻹ʺ䣬Ҳûмʺˣ
ҶЦǰǳңֻһ¶ԴӻԵ֮µõͯӹ֮нνһǧʦΪѵһǹĺţ
ҹ£֪ʲôˣҹµʣصĹҲҪʤǰһԼ
㻹Ǻġĳ仰˵ĺЩΥģֵҿʡ
˵ţһץסҹµ֡
ģ治ҶЦ͵㣬ľʶһǰĴţ
ֱͬһ˲һϸ΢ȴ೤ľ˲ʱҹ¾֮һܡ
ȻҶЦɿ֣һЦ
ҶЦ֮ԿЦԳǾ̾ԼǰѾѵһǹĺţҹµָۣ֮죿ѾͷʣԼлҪá
ǵֻʵĻҪʤǰԼ಻ѷɫԼոռͬ̾Ϊֹ˳ߣҪԽǡֻСѾͷδʦָ㣬ԼһζϹȴ˺ܶ·¾ҲЩˡ
Щ΢·˶ҶЦ˵ʵڲʲô⡣
Ů壬쾭ʣ罭ͷţߵĻƽҶЦЩž󳬼֮ΪĴ˶ͷ˿Цǣ⺮½֮УĸȻϰһʺ˵
ҶЦе˼ʣɳ
ǣ
СѾͷ۾һҶЦ˵
ʲôﰡСѾͷϲӣ⻹ǵһαǹԹԵı۾
ſ졣

һֻ̣оһȣһԲĵҩȻڣ漴㻯һڽҺ˳븹СѾͷһ֮ʣȴ˲ʱƣúƷζ֮ʱ븹ҩҺȻһ֫ٺ֮䡣
£˵
СѾͷһ۾ۣʲôôôó԰ô
Ȼʳ֪ζһ
Сô뷨Ȼ飡ȴ֪ԼеľѾһŵҩ֮󣬾У
һǿ
ҶЦȴֻٶȿЦ
ղƭ۾ȥһԪھ⣻ѾͷȻ㽫ԪǶԣòƾеˣȻӵ޾ռĳҲȴ˷һ㡣
ûˣһšҶЦ̯̯֡
ʱЩ黹ǲСѾͷ֪
һѾͷǸʹģС˵˳ȥôԼɾˡ
óԡҹ죬Щζź˵㶹ܶЩÿиٰʮġǲӶġ
ҶЦȻ˱˻ҪԵѾͷ
ÿٰʮģ
ǡ
һ̣СѾͷͻȻüͷһ壺ˣۡһԾ𣬵Ѱ˲ˡһ̶ȥ
ҶЦüԼһ㡭


63 ԺѾͷ绪
ԪʣܹһϴСѾͷֶӣӦν쵽˼㣬ʺõһֱ֡
ԲһЩֻȣȫкëųʣĹ̿ɾҪʹˡ
ΪϾϴ衣
ֹһʱ䣬СѾͷţŲĹԹЦЦҳԵʵкҩɡˡ
кҩϢһ¾ͺˣ¾ͻˬˡҶЦ΢΢һЦ
ҶЦ⻰ǰοóȻųʣ͵ǰһСʱҵ״ȴҵһ̣༸ʱ֮ҵ״ԻųʵĺôҲ֮֡
ҾȻȥˡĺܣﲻŹۡҹĵ
ô鷳Ъ°ɡҶЦ˵Ѿ˻үˡ˵Ҳȥ
СѾͷģһҶЦ⻰ʱһС¶˳Ĳң
ǻ˳ȵĵĿ¾ԼڡСѾͷĵľȻҶЦһͷѽѽ
Ǻðɡҹ˼ˮû뵽סжôĲס̵ĵ׼һ䡭ҪϢˣҪϴ裬ҪϽ˯ˡ
⼸СѾͷ£Ҳȷڻˡ

ҹ
ҶЦϥڴϣ˹ǱһΣȴ񹦵Դڡ
׼ѱϣ漴ȡ֮ǰĵ֮ɳġ
񹦵ĻɲǼۣ
ʱԴһ΢̫ҶЦĽγ͡
ҶЦȫ߶΢̫ٳͣͷϺ߳罬
Уס֮ɳҲڻתнҪڻļ󣬵ȴʼղڿ
Դ񹦣Ѿ֮䶥Ԫ֮𣬾Ȼ֮ɳڻ
ҶЦ͵һͣ˹֮ɳ˻ȥ૵Ϊڻ
ζĿҪڻ֮ɳΪԼɹһֽ׶ʹõıѾȫȴҲֻ÷
Ҫڻ֮ɳһ㹦ۣȻǼϳ˵ĻҪԪƷˮ׼ȴءȻʧܣƷʱ򣬾Ϳڵ֮ɳˡ
ҶЦ³һվΪҲֻõȴﵽԪƷʱ㡣
ץҹĻķ绪ҶЦЩ
ȻԼϣⱾ绪ǵȱȫȱٵĻһ㡭
СѾͷСѾͷ츳ۣԾɻ൱ĳɾֹͣԪʦΣŻԶ
ȸ㲹ȫɡҶЦǰݺ£ڹļʶԨúܣҲ֪װŶٹؼ绪ʲôϳ˵ĽĪ˵ֻǲȱ汾ķ绪ҶЦУҲ֮ǿһˡ
Ҳϡıߡ
ֻǣҲֻȰշ绪ȫһע⣬ԼͬǻΪʸ֮ģ
ҶЦһ棬ǺСĵġ
ȫ˽ҶЦ˰죬ڻǷһƪ澭ȥ
ҶЦյģŮһ

ȵڶһ磬һҹ˯ޱҹֱ˹һľϲ
ЦЦСѾͷֵյҶЦǰ㿴ң㿴ң
զˣҶЦòûʲô仯ЩƲ⡣
ѽͷҹ죬漴²ָԼϸúÿ
ҶЦĿ˿㻹Լ˵ɣôˣ
ҹ¶ʱйĹĵ˵ѵû֣ҵϵƤˣ
ҶЦãȻҡͷûô
ҹ¶ʱΪ֮ᡣ
һ糿ϴױ磬һվȴʱֲͬĲͬԼƤȻ󣬰͸죬˵Ư
ҪģԭЩ΢ڵ㣬ҲʧӰ١
˾˵ı仯ҹȻ˷ĪҶЦҫ֪ȻɶҲ
һӣСѾͷƲѡ
ȴ룺˯һҹƤͱôˣѵһݵıأ
Ȼû˵СѾͷѾǴ⣺Ժ󣬿϶ҪĹ˯ġ
ߣҵļң
һԼķ绪Դȥ
û֣ԼǷ绪Ѿ˲ٱ仯ȻĿȫǣϸڴȴǶ˲١
ʵϣԴĻ绪ҹ¸ûʱϸ鿴ͷҶЦʧ¼֮Խ绪ϣҲԭ
ǿˣĿ츳ҲòŽˡԾҲ֣ᷢݾȻ˱仯
ʱ洫ӣˣ˵үӿ»ȥ
ҲáҶЦڴӦһ
ȵСѾͷѾ뿪ҶþãҶЦˣòҪ
ΪҹҶЦֻ˵˵ʵû֪ͨ

СѾͷصʣȻرһ١
ɺͳɺͳףһԼ䱦˵ܻŽѵ⣺һδĹңȻδķ¹ҹ㣬ѾͷҪĵңǲǣ
СѾͷԴѵСȴһĲΪȻ
ӣϲС
㣬ѾͷֱҪҵתȦҪ̷ߣתһȦҲ᲻κ̾߼ԼŮϣǸƣתȦҲ͸ӵļ١
ãСѾͷϥϵĳЦĽլȥˡ
̾оԼʵְ̫ץסԼŮһ٣ȻܰЦˡ
ףҸһܡҹԼĸ׻˵
ʲôܣҲȤʵ
ӰЦЦ˯һҹ糿ҵƤúúðҹһױ㿴ҵǲǸϸˣǲǸӹ⻬ˣǲƤˣǲܣ
ܣɫ䣬ҰһֱŮͬУ˯һҹƤˣ⡭
ļʶ㣬Ȼ֪һŮڳ֮ǰŮʱƤһ㶼õʱ
Ƥõʱڸոճ֮¶󡭡Ǽʱ䣬Ůһ֮ʱ
˿һҹô˵ʱˣѵѾͷһҹδ飬ȻѾҶЦʲô¶ˣ
⡭ˡ
ǵʲôˣɫࣺ㡭ѾͷȻ˷׵飡ҪҰ
ҹ¾˹ԲԲĴ۾һãȻʲô˷ףҡûа


64 ˣ鷳
ô˵ǽԵɵɵСѾͷһ٣֣ӦòԼӣԼ࣬ˡ
Ƿ
ǡߡ
ȻסһҹƤˡû飬ôҲȻˡҪȻһŮôͻȻݹ
Щ飬ȥĻԼĵ飬Ҳ϶˳ˮ
ȻСĻͶġЦ󷽵ЦȴǾԲģ
а⡣
Ǻҹ±ӦĽˡ
СѾͷ˺ü컹ûаѽ㣬֮
Ҳ벻úõԼôͻȻ㣿
ȻСѾͷ벻ԼĽ㡭ΪԼҫһ仰
һʱ򡭡ѾǺܾúܾԺ顭

ɽ
С
һжðʧˣ빫ү𷣡һµͷվϵİ¹ǰ
΢΢۾Ȼ̾˿һεľٶǽǵļƻƻ˲١Ľϼߣ֮󣬾ǲ鷳¶ʱ֮ڣҲ϶ϲҵˡ
ʹԴǡ
ǸĽӺӾȻ㣬ҲǾȡȡе¹ӵЦЦνұҲҪҶ飬һ·ơڿƻҸһ£δؾʲô¡
ǡ
ֻһεĳȴǰҶĴæҶӽͷöٰ޼֮УͻȻ˳ü¡ӱϿһж˳£괿ɺϡȴоһڴߣƲٳɴ£
ͷ˵ǵ¼ƲߵĻ˶ȻǸ֮衣
֮衭˵ЦЦˣ
ǡ
УҪעս£콫֮𡣡Ŀ䣬ǷƸ¥ֻҪ֣ͱȻ˥һţҲڤڤе⡭
Ψ˥ˣܹ㹻ѪȣʹҵΪָץһʱ䡣
ǡ
㸺ìܣ֮ټ
ǡ

ڡ
֮ҹƣЩʦѾϻظԵ˰ɣ
ǵģү񡣡
ţ֮е˶붼ûлȥǲǣ
ǡ
ЩӦڴ˵أ뾩еҽô
ǣӻ档
Ⲣʲôϡ飬һֻҪһΣһƱȥǲߵġЩңٸ壬ṩЩĺʶ󡣡
¹ЩڽζҲЩĳֵʵĺ֡ң嵱ɵӣɣҵɵӣ壬ȴֽɺңɵӣһȺɵӵһѭϷ
û壬ûʳڲϵطչϢУֻпٿصĹߡ
ΪҶûʲôǰ;ȴΪѪǧ겻һСоɵӡ
ΪϵȨҪʱ򣬾ͿңԿɣɣңΪҷԴûȨȡ棬ԽҶߣɵӡ
ҿ£ǡǡôɵάһɵӵƽ⡭
䣬ԣֻҪֲοƽƣͻἴʱγ˥ľ桭ô⺮½и֣עƽȥ
ȻҪһˣȻҲһ𣡡
˵ô໰ƺЩƣۣӿϣ˵δƽ⡭ȥ
ǡ֪
ţ֪ôô
ΪֻҪھ֮еЩɵҪɱôһĳּ󡭡ͿԴ֮ƽ⣬Ȼٽˮ֮УʵҲ˾ʱ۽ΣƽⶼᱻƣΪ©Ѿˡ
ֻǣΨе˽ֵʱ򣬲ܾһô
ĵͷսԲòӡ㻹һ㣬Ǽǡ˻д˴ڣҲһлҵĸԴ
΢΢۾ڵĳʵ۹ۣǵĵʵЩƫˡ̫ҲЩżˡΪӣҲѾɳ
Ҿ֣ȾҪ￪ʼ
˵ͻȻסû˵ȥ
Ѿǰһǣлӵ㲦֪ôˡ
ţԺҪǰٳʲôӣܡº͵ĿԳ־ͺá
Ůͬʱһ˿ϲãӹһΣ
һƽ⣬Ȼڼ̵ʱֻγһµƽ⡭ĿȻĿϰƣôס

һߣҶЦץһʱ
У̫ӸзҲͣˣ鷳̫ԴĽϼϴͻȻ֮󣬾ͳ׵سĬ
ʱ俴ڱƺǹڷƽ˾ˡ
Ψһطȴ˹
鱦ã
ɽἱҪϵˣ
ÿ˶ǳ档
鱦ϰ徹Ȼ˳ǳǡ
ĵһ仰Ȼǣǿڤûĳȥɣ
仰ʵúܼУ
У
ĺѶû˵ͷôһ仰
ɽɵˡ
ϰ⻰ʲô˼
ǶԸ涨д͵һҪβϧһҪȥΪ档
Ǹոհɽˣžʡ
ʲô˼
Ѿĳȥˡɽ˶СĻش
ĳȥˣϰֵһɫҲˢһðˡһ̣Ȼһӵĸо
ĸ˭ˣڴϰߵһͻȻǰһޱʵ
ˣ֮ǰδڴϰǰֹ
ҿЩİ
һ˵ϰʱͶһ¡Ҳû̿
˵ݣѵԶԶڴϰ֮ϣ
ô˭
Ǹó񵤵ˡڤɽеʶµԣз֮衭
䣬ͿϰֵһһŰװֵʱɫ
ˡ
ԱǺüʵڻܲҵǸˣ
ܣһܡɽаյ˵Ϊ֮ûаѾĵǮȫߣǽһ󲿷ּĴСܻ֮ǱǮ
ɽһЦû˻ôһǮġǮãӲᡣ
ǺͬʱһȻͬչЦǾͺǾͺá
Ȼʱڳǳס°ɡʲôʱջڤʲôʱٻȥ˾Ȼֱİ塣


65 Ǳ
ϰͷ缦ףǡ
һ˽С
ţǸһ䣬ڤʲô۸ĳȥģ
ɽ˵
͵һ£¶һΪֵĹЦݣƽ𣿡
ȣǻƽӡɽ˵
ȿȿȿȡ˶ʱӭǺһĿԣȻĺˣ˺һᣬȴַЦ
һŷֵʱǳɫ
ţƣţƣ˾Ȼ˴Ĵָ쵽ӵ£½һڤȻӾ͸ˡ֮Уܹ֮Ϊ޵еһܼӣʲã֮
Ǻ޵ݵĵͷȥ
ȴȻŹ
Ȱܼҵˮ׼ȻѾþݡҡͷ̾ϢѾܼҰܵذܼҰܵ޹ĸΣ
һߣɽ̨ףǻԵɺϵ⼸仰Ȼֻǰһڣһƨɾʯϡ
Ҹղʲô
ǴǶ⣿ʵΣ
ҶЦȻ֪ǱѾſһʱȴԼȥҲڴţȷȥɶʱȥһУԼǮû
ƴϾʵǵǰҪҪ
ѵмʱ⼸缢ƿʵŸ֪ʶ
ֵĿռ䣬ҶЦҲõ쾡µĵز
֮Ի˵Ŭһԭ⼸ҶЦһ£һ֪Ǻ£ǻµĴ¼
¼ǰȻӵĳȥˡ
Ϊ
ռ棬仧ڤĺܸȴǸĹˣɢĺԽԽŨأ˿ûкõƣǾΪʵ̫ˣѾصӰ쵽⼸ռ䡣
Ŵռ֮䣬˴ƺ⣬γศɵ΢ƽ⣬Ȼһ̫ǿǿ󵽳˸ռܺͣƽȻ棬ڵˣռĹǿ󣬳׵Ĵ˿ռ֮ƽ⡣
ҶЦظоĿռڳһή֮ơ
˴ռ֮Ȼǵֲڤĺ
ǳȥһҹֶռƺ⣬ƽ⳹ʧȥսֻһԿռ䳹пռ䡣
ҶЦҲǲ뿴ģѡ֮£ҶЦֻȥԪΪý飬ΪʱԼڤĺͣ
ȻڤĺεİԵҰŪ޾ռȥƻҵĿռ˰ѣ
ȴҶЦڱѡ֮µֶΣЦǰо鿴ȴǷĪ񹦹ȻǶ컯񹦣ҶЦΪǳǷԵڤĺȴǺްա
ǿ˴ռ޷ǿУȷʵ˵ãԿܺ͹УҶЦȴҪʱãҶЦĳ̶ȣܹʱ为ô
ֻЩֻʱ£ǰΣֻܷһ
Ȼһ鲻Ҫ
ĵҶЦЩûԼӵ˵ϡ
񹦹ȻԵôǿĺȫãǵãڽ֮ھ֮תһȦҪͳȥĹУҶЦȻķ֡Բۣ
ļ֮غأ
ȻȺϸ΢ܲԣȴأ
ֺ£
ҶЦϲ֮£Ȼʳ֪ζ˲֮ӡ֤֡
ȴǿռ䡰֡йֱ֮ӡ䡱һؽ֮˹
һͱֻҶЦһͨйЩ֮γɵĸ
ҶЦԭļУԼļ룬ǻ˴ռѹγ뺮ͼ֮ǰ˴ռ䲻֪ǲǱԿռ۸ÿˣ߲һй;Ȳһк
ҪˣҶЦɲǼߣձֱӶɱ
ǣ˺ķΧ֮УҶЦȻ֣Լ֮Ȼһֿǰδе̬Ծ
Ҳת
ǿй֮Ȼܹȵ֮
ҶЦһȷ֮󣬲ϲֱӾǽ˲ʳĳǿȫ״̬֮УΪˣҶĲtֱӱҶЦȨı˽ռˣ
ΪҶؽ֮вûʲôߴľtѾҶ֮ܽӽĽ
ҶЦԸtһСԼʱá
֮ÿһ죬Ϊ˲ע⣬ҶӶᴩ·ϥڲtڣ
ԡ⣬ȡ顣
ҹϢ
⼸ǳе˶ܸоƺ첻̫ȣ
֮ศɡ
Ｋط
ڼ֮ļȴ̼֮£ҶЦÿһȡҲһֲĵز
ռĺԷ̬ǿӿҶЦľ֮Ҳͬͷ
ԭҶЦ֮ҪȽ壬ٽ֮תȴȫû⡣
ʡһǳʱĹÿһɺһΪͻͽһǧ
Ϊľ޷ӣҲ֮ӣ񹦵ԣע˲ʧı˶ˡ֮ѸҲ֮ˮǴߣ˿
Ŵռ䣬ҶЦԮּ֮󣬲һʱ䣬ͽʧ⡢ΣٶȻָ֮ǰƽ״̬ĺԴԴϽҶЦľ
ҶЦֻоԼ壬һܶʼġִĻһܶʼĽ
ԪһƷ
ڻģȴۿɼٶġжˣĩˡ
Ȼ󡰺䡱һƺƣƮƮд⡣
漴һȻһŵԪƷĽҲ֣֮漴жˣĩˡ䣡
Ʒ
Ʒ֮н
ҶЦ𣬱ʲôܣֻǱ˹Ϊ
Ҷ֮УܼҸվ£̧ͷעŲtϵĹӡü֮䣬ŨŨο
үȻĲ䲻֪ͣùˣĺ
Ȼûϴ󽫾ϣߵĹٵ·գδزһϯ֮ء
󽫾֪ˣȻǳο
ӵķ׼ûУЩ֮
һٵѾˣ̫ˡ
ˮȥûУ
˭иϳͲ

ڳǳǵ˵죬ǼΪġ
굽⼸ȵʱǳǾͺһ޴Ļ¯ܹ˿
ǽꡭٺ٣Ȼ䲻ȣã
˭Ҳ֪Щ
ʮ졣
ҶЦһֱǱ
ת


66 Ҿ
СȻ޼ûҲûòƾЩˡ
ҶЦ
ʮĲ߲ռڵɢݺѾȡòˣռѾֳ״̬
ҶЦ֪ʿɶֹˣ̲
ʱȷŹռ֮ȴٻۼ죬¿ʼⱵʱȡ١
һƮƮشӲt
ܼҵһʱӭȥӣôӦѾҪͻԪƷ˰ɣ
ԭҶЦΪһֱͣԪƷü궼ûˣܼһ仰ҲǲԼҹӵġͻƣôģ˺ü궼ͻƲһƷء
ԪƷ
ҶЦǹĳһ£ˣҪͻƷˡ
ܼҴοЦЦ⼸ʵ̫ƴˣʵҲҪһݽϣѭ򽥽Ḷ́ҺúϢ
ܼȻ֪Լ˵ģԪƷ
Լҹ˵ĿҪͻƵƷȴǵԪƷ
Ʒ֮䣬һصĴΡҶЦֱ˵ԼʵǿҪͻƵԪƷ¹ܼҴֱܹӵιȥ
⼸ʲôôҶЦʵ
¹ȳԷΪһһܼЦǺǵ˵
壬һ԰ɡҶЦ˵
ãáιܼüЦ

⼸ǵؽƬЩС
ܼһߺȾƣһ˵
ҶЦطֹܼҺȾƵƺǹŹָ֣žƱȻضҲûҲûйһǺŵһƾôûˡȻˮһԼһһȥûˡ
ȵùȻþˣ̣׶ȴ쳣š
׺ȾƵŶЦ˶ЩĽԼǰҲǺþ֮ˣԾܲþʲôȻȹ٣˵ľĻñιܼô赭дǵĺȾƷʽҶЦʾǿģ£ҲǻɷȮ
У⻰ô˵ҶЦоԼҵλܼңԲֻһ۾ˣֻ²ô򵥡
һ񣻶ţֻ˵ȾƵĶûϵͳѵ˵ǱĬ;ԳȻĹȡ
أ̸ʲôλܼҵΪԼڵĿ⣬Ȼ͸
ϵߣȼ࣬һ£ֵʱ򣬺ѱ˿Ŀʲô硢ʲôˮ׼г֣ͻᱩ¶ʵ
ԴڴˣһЩܹΪĹҲ֮
ķȻ߱ϢΪ˹еЧڻжĿҵжϷ棬ȴ൱á
๦ܹ֮һ̶Ϣս˿ʵʵڶʱȻռˣշ̵ս
ֻһЩߣƾľ飬ԼٵеӦܹڶԷûжֵʱ򣬴ԤгԷľΡЦԭȻǿԵģʲôĸֻ֣ҪǲЦͣܶԷأһĿȻ
ԼȴλܼҵʵΪΡ
ȻҶЦɣȴԷʵΣΨһĽ;ǹܼڱԼΪҪߵöࡣ
ϾҶЦĶ̰ʵʵǱȽģֻõԪƷ磡
ǵģСܼҺȾƵ̬ȻţȴǸûƱͲٷµģʵ۱ӦúͷʹΪ֮ĶգпܾʹһῪʼˡ¶Դȴ޿κΣ޲ߡ
ŶԸꡣҶЦ̡
һ㣬ûʶ
ҶЦȻˣ׽Ļҷȴ֪٣νĵǽһϲͨȴ硢εıʲ죬޿κΡ
ʵ۱һֱڷֲ̫ӣȻ󣬽ӣ̫ϵλ֮ǰĥʯ̫Ӿԣȴ־ǵǹ̫ӣϾĥʯֻĥʯǵѵĥˣĥˣǾʹΥˡ
ȻܸһϣΪҲϣȥģȴֲĸϣΪǸλֻ̫һ˵ġ
νĵܼҺǺһЦ
ôҶЦ૵
±۲Ŵԣ޿ɷϣ岻ãȴΪеĶ̰塣µǴӰ֮ҵսɱ˵ɱǡ̫ȻҲǲŻ֮Ͼû־һس֮пɣҪµĻҵɾͰҵȴǾ޿ܡ
ԱΪĥ̫ӣֻλӳ̨Ϸ̫Ӹоǰ·ڵвнȴʼհŷִ磬ȻĥʯѵĥˣҲѵĽĥʯĥˡеƽ⣬һֱյúܺá
ҶЦͷ
ǵģеôġ
ܹպзִġȴûм
񳽻ʵ۹Ļʵ۱£һλӢǵľ
ǰһıʣ˻ʵ۱µ̣ƽʧˣǡ̫żȻһŮӣŮ̫һģȴŮȴǰ˴֮һĽϼŮȻǳϵȴĽϼĵŮ
ʵ۱һֱ԰˴֮Уڳʵ۹屧൱ĽģȻǲ޳µģȴûзԵɣǿӣ̫ӻ˺֮飬ĽϼǱҲýϾĽǰ˴֮һǻʵ۱ܹװڲĶ󡭡
ٰ޼֮£ֻϿ£ŮӳΪ̫Ӵ̫ӵµͻȻͣѹƵλû˿֮
λҲԴУλջΪ֮ȻϣãԲϷ̫ӵĳɹԼȻӾвҵʵķ򡭡Ƿֱ˴崦ڳʵ۹Ů顭֮䣬ٴγһƽ⣬ֻƽ⣬ȴǲȶƽ⣬һֲֿƽ⡣
ڻʵ۱µĵ֮£֮ƽ⿰δȻһ̫ǿʵ۱ȻὫ֮ѹ㣬ʵ۱µĵƺһ־Ƶʧ⣬Ʊؽȫ̵ľ޴Σ
ʵϣһֱڻʵ۱µĽģ˴Ȼƴ£ȴʼսӴȨ򡣵һΣʵ۵ĶǺ˴ȻǸ֮£»ˮûŮҲҪһο˴Ůƣ
̫һûʵ۱ºܲ⣬Ϊ˴ʵȫ͸˻֮Сңһӣȫǰ˴Ů
⼸ֳôķ粨񣬸ոƽϢ
ʵ۱»ټӵͳ¹滮һոչ滮ãе鶼صԭĹ̫ǿΨֺܶԿ̫ӵ΢ƽ⣬ҪһĵڡͻȻ䣬ôȫ׵ĺճˡ


67 ϽɫѪ
ܼҺٺЦȫλʵ۱ں޲ýⳡǸշʬε顭
ΪɶҷշɶϵҶЦʵ
Ϊ˴ű˴֮ϵģͬʱҲ࿴˳۵ġ˴˻ȨģôȻġһкö֣ԸҪɷ׷׵פǡ
򡭡ǵ񵤣ȴôܹĪԣ޷ǣﵽеĿίʵúܡ
ҶЦ˵ͷһ
ιܼҵⷬϸ¾٣ҶЦǳȻҶЦΪģȴһ֮¡
Լλܼң治Ǽû˼ҶԵĻʵ۱£òҲûôˣ򵥣
һǽֻˣҲˡƫƫ̫үһǵĽϼ壬Ȼؼʱ̡ʵɲķƸ¥ɱĽϼʱҲóȻˣֻ»ҪôȥƸ¥Ǹ
һ̫ӵעۿۣλӱȻŹᣬƶ𡭡ʱפʳǣոջָƽ˾ĳٶȷӿʵ۱½ͷöѾǿԤˣ
ԭˡҶЦͷϾ²ؼĵȻȴЩĿࡣ
ģóôҩȻܹӰҴ֣
⡭òҲʵ̫һЩɡ
ǵǰǾƣһֲֿƽ⣬΢Ѽιܼ˵ЩǰѾʮ˶ǣɫȴǲ첻ףһƽǲ
ھˣڻʵ۱µĿӰ£󳼣һƷԱλУڱŹ̬ȣűµԽԽֹҲ𽥵ıζǱµ״̬һ񻯣Ǻǡ
ιܼҺٺЦһ⻹ڲضѡʵ۹Ǻǣעǰ˼˰
ҶЦʵڲ֮⣬ѵʲôⲿأ
϶а
ܼһƹ¶ǣڣ۹ڴƵҾ֯һЩģϰʲôǺǣ֪ÿһ֯ɶҪǮơǲҪϰǾɵȵΪ̣ϾǴǮ
ʵںܶ෽ԤףϵжǼۣȻȲֻǻʼǣһļ۸仯ǴʮǰʼʳΡࡢľĲϡеĶǼۡ
ܼҵ۾һ˿ʮǰǳȥɹʳһװǮǰ˰壻ǰͳ˾Ǯ˽죬ɽм۵ʮһġǰʮʱ䣬Ǯֻһף˳ɵĻۡ
ΪֻǸԳȥ̽һȦȻֹ֣ǴףеĶҲǮԸΪףԭɹŲһǮڣǮһңҪɹĸֱӾмСƺѾʼ˹ơ
ЩӱϿֻ⡣ӴͻȻִȵĶڻ϶ϲǼ˹ڸ⼸˳主㣬ֻ˼ȴ˴ȵĶڻȴΪʲô޷Ǿǡ
ֺܼһƣ̾ϢһҪ
ҶЦĬȻ
һҪɾǡƸ¥ֳˣܼҺٺһЦǧƸ¥ǰֹŴΡÿһγ֣һαֵݱ䡣һ½Ƶı֣
½һαͳһһΣȻƸ¥ʧٲ֮󣬴һͳľһαƣΪȺ۸ݵľƣȻ󾭹һݱɼ۹໥䶼Ͷల¡ͬڵľһ㡭
ƽֻҪˣһ꣬Ƹ¥ͻһεĳ֮֡󡭡жͬʱʼǼۡȻսͻȻգܻһһͳ¡
һηƸ¥֣ѾǵھŴˡιܼҵЩ⣬ȴԽԽǧĵھŴΡ
ԭˡҶЦȻ
λص˼㡢˵İ׹ӣҲȺ˾ŴΡÿһΣǰ׹ӣܼһ䣺˵һ˵˵Ǹ֣
ҶЦȻ
ô˵ƶ֮֮㣬ҲǧҲ֣
Ҳ֣Ӧö֣ܼصĵͷ
ҶЦһ
ܼȻ֪ҶЦԼȴ֪ģһҶҵЩˣʵǷƸ¥ˣ
ѵԼξҪһֶϣ
Цһ˵Ҳʲô񣬾͸ýɫˣӦöԷƸ¥˵ڵҶЦ治ʲô
һϣδϡ
ô˵ǵսģȻϯ¡ҵΪ򱱽׵壿ҶЦʵ
˵ҵֵʱҶЦвûʲôִ
Ҫǰܼ˵һϯ첻㣬ˣ¾еĲƲΪ糣һĽȴʼղáգǱһζҩԾ㣬ĽȴǣΪֵܣҪرʮ꣡
ҶЦֻʮꡣ
Ҳ˵λΪԼĶӣɢҲֽ֮Լõഺ껪˶ʮ꣡
ĸףȻ˵ҶЦѾǰҶЦȴǸͬܣ
˵ҶЦǰһ¶˼飬ĸ֮ǿѾá
һܹػһõѾõ飬Ȼӵϧ
ڡܼ¶½ΧڣδˣܹвȻƬµȫˣҲţȻ
ҶЦһ
δܹв
磡
֪ԼĲԾԺηλԼһֱūԾݵιܼңȻԼ׵Ľֵܣ
ֻǣֵܣʵ۱µֵֽܣȫͬ
һδǺȶ˾ƣ¶һߡ
֪أҶЦһʱ侹оԼͥȻǳء
оǣΪʲôԼôأԪʦĶǿߣɱȥҲΪɣ
ģǴ
ѵ˵Լıϰ֣һʵܱôǵߵĻòƾͳλʵ˰ɣò˵ͨɣ
ܼƺǺȶˣԳЦЦˣȻˣþöûкˡ㸸ҴٺȾƣˡЦСӣ˵ҺȾˣ˵ҺȶˣûУ
ҶЦԾһ㶣ոȥһȶûԭԾӣڿɺãҳĿǽѵˣʲôЦСӡʲôƺ
ιܼҵϣͻȻֳһƬĳ죬Ҳ֮ȼ֮࣬ͻȻҵؿ
ãͷƫͷֽţ³һ̵
ȻҶЦһĻ
ϧҶЦȻʵ˵ãĿȴһѾһߡ
ҶЦͫײһ
Ͻɫ
ܼ³ѪȻϽɫģ


68 ƣ⣡
ܼ³̵ʵͲ̵ǡϽɫѪ飡
ƣ
ҶЦиֳһ֣ɵóһ
ƣҶЦһǽӴٴΣ
Ϊһ׷ɱҶЦ֮еɽţԽ
Ƕһң޷ֺţ
νɽŵС
ƣۻ룬󣬿ʯԲԣȻµĵطȴڲصĴԣ֮󣬾ǱߵĻ֮У٣ɫ˽ɫʴԪ׳һѪܼɡ
з֮ڻжԷһ˲䣬˵ȫ˲ʱƽ
Ȼ˻ƽλܻȥ
Ȼ˲ڷ
ǰλιܼңǱнƵߣһӲдڻûֻֽͣһ˽ƲûΣɵİ˽ѽιܼܹɵļޡ
ڶҩӻอ𻯵ʱ䡣
˽֮ûжŽҩΪзʴԣᵼȫΪĻ䣬Ǳ۷֣Ҳ𲽵ıһ޸֮ͨˣȵȫѪҲѹƲסƵʱ򣬻ǻڷ
ǰιܼҡȻѾ˿ҪѹƲסʱˡ
ƣǼɾƣ
Ϊʴ֮еĽɫƾĴ̼춯һ춯
λιܼҽȴôơ
ҶЦĿһͻȻˡ⼸û˯ã壬ǽ͵
ιܼͷȴ˵ҶЦ仰ȴҲ»ٺȥԼֻ¾ѹƲסˣۿڶѪҪ
ҶЦ˵߾ߣɣתȥ

ҹ
ιܼ壬ڴϣ죬ԡȴŵꡣ
үʮˣ˴Ҳʮ˰ɣ
ڿҪѹƲסô
ԼΪҲӵľ磬ʮнλ䵽ڣٶԽԽ졣ϸԼάڵԪƷȴֻõԪһƷˡ
һپơ죬ͳΪ䵽Ԫ磬ֻ߲ء
Цһ£૵ҵ߸ߴȻȻ䣬Ǻǡ
һһϽɫѪҺ˳ֻһĻܹظоڽɢ
˯ɡҲûˡܼڴϣ۾૵硭ǵһ죬Ƿܻһء
뵽ͻȻಡһ˴
ܼȻƣ壬ȴ˿δʧŴʾȴѸоԼ˰ס˼漴䡱һ˾ͻ˹ȥ
֮ǰιܼҾֻһ뷨ҹ˵Ȼ鶯һΪ಻ԪƷˮ׼۷ʱڣһܴڣȴҪڲ

ҶЦվڹܼҴǰŻ֮еĹܼң̾˿
֣˹鿴
Ȼ˽ǣһмεĽƣܹƵģɽ֮УҲҪŵӲա
˽ơعֻҲѾʮϵˡ
ҶЦ΢΢üͷ
ΪܵԪܾΣڡȴ㡣ҶЦǰƴεĽȻ֪η
ְ취֪ȻûɽŵĶŽҩҲӦߡ
ȴûҪĸҩ
Ϊ㹻ҲʩȣƫƫΪҲǲǼ޲ߡ
ֵȴڣιܼΪܶ䵽͵㣬಻ʮ£ֻ¾Ҫһغʱ޶࣬⣡
Ȼ߾ȫֻҲֻܹԻһ¶ѡҿʮǱ˵ԪƷ򣬾ֻ޲ˡ
ҶЦüӻȡһԪ˹ܼҵĿУһᾢȷϽȥ漴һֻϹܼҵĺģ𼫺֮ȡȵ˷յƻ
һ˿˿ôС
ɽԽƳȻΪˣͬʱȴҲΪܹƽƵĴɣи˽ƽȴʼá
ҶЦȴΪɽΪ֮£Եɺ˽Ƶİڣʵϣɽŵ׷ɱҶЦҲвԭΪҶЦ˽ܵԵʣҶЦƵĵϸ֮ɽŵʵλȻۿۡ
нߣڻֽɫอ𻯵˾ζӦԹ߻ƣԴ˹ԻɫӻอΪƷȴ֪һĪ۷
ƱǽԹǻԹֵ֮ĽɫǽپȼĲֻǴӵӲɢΪԪѪΪԣǲк󣬾ֻ׳
ڽиߣһ־ɶอ˲ʱ𻯵״ǽ仯ѣӻɫӻอ𻯿ֻα֮˵ⷨԯޡ
ҶЦǰܹ֮ƽƣʵҲһԵɺϣżȻһζɽ֮ʱҶЦһǽƣ֮ٶȼ죬ҶЦͯӹԿȴ֣ⷢԼĴͯӹͬ
Ȼ֮£˽ƾǻһͨٷͨһƽףҶЦ˶ֿƽνƵֶΡ
ȻδһٸΣҶЦȴֱǰʺϵԷ֮ԽЧֶΣһԳȡһͬԻ赺ϣǡ֣
ҶЦС֤ҹֻǵȡƷپ֮ھתһȦ֮󣬾ȻԶػҶЦ֮е
ҶЦһ
û뵽˳֮Դͯӹ֮ͬʱҪ˳ʡνͬḶ́·󺣣ƷپϪٴ㺣ա
ԭƾȺô⵹֮ϲ
ҵӽԪתȡپ
һֱҶЦ֣ͣ૵֮еĽƷپѾȫճˡǣЩѾ͵ȴ޷⣬Ŀǰ
ҧҧóеϴ赤֮һ˹ܼҿС
漴һοʼ˹
ʱ֣ҶЦȻ뿪
ξΣЧԤ֮еĸãȻܸΣȴѾƾѹ˹ܼҵǱĽҲҶЦȫȡֻǱ޷Ԫ
ζţڿʼܼҵٲʲô󰭣ٳֶ񻯵Ŀܡ


69 Ͻ䣬
ҪǣӴ֮ιܼһָΪԱΪԿƵķپ
عƣ֮ڣƵƻƲ
֮󡭡ҶЦԼһϽɫĺۼȥ¶һ˿ЦʱƽѾǲѴ֮
Ĺιܼңǵûб¶ݣΪ
òкñ
ɣҶЦ˯ȥȻǻԼķ䡣

ڶһ磡
ܼ
ţ֪û˯סûôûأܼ֮æԼϣȴȫûзκ˺ۡ
漴һµ𣬵ȴڷһʱͻȻסƿνŤ˼㣡
Ȼȴ¶ȫŵɫ
ΪôһֱԼ֮УĥԼʮֻȻѾʧӰ٣
žܼҶ˵ݺݵسԼһ⣡
϶Σ˺ѣԼǲˣҲô°Ѱɣ
һǶǻʵ޻٣Ӱôʵ֮ʣֱӽԼðǣЩҲ
ˡȻΣܼԼӣһ죬û֮ղôôţղŵþ
һᵤԪ䡱һֻо֮еͻȻˮŭһӿ
һ̣ĹͻȻ죡
ԭѾķʮľͻȻٶȳ˻ŶþΥԪֱײͷͷͻȻֱ
ۣ
ܼһſڣȴ³һڻʵŨ̵
֣ԼĶ֣˫֣˾ֳ
漣漣ܼ˫ֶš
Ҳڶ¡
ͻȻᶼ˳ұΪҲֻܴڴܼһֱͻȻͻָˡǸĽƾҲȫʧˣ
ξҲнգ
ȻڵΪʮǰѲͬնܹõֻвʮ֮һڣܷӳԪƷʵƬ½ҲǹˡοԭΪһ
ξδؾûбһգ
ܼξӯ
ãƽϢ鲨⵽ô£ϵ˭
ϣξûпʲôӣòһûпͱס
Ȼǳ˾衣
˿̣ȴΨим޾ĸм
Ȼϵλˣ˽˻ξĸм˿˵ҵľˡֻǣΪҪôΪʲôҪңô֪˽ƣоǣΪʲôܽȺųܾȵĽȻֻһɲǵĸоֻеԪƷʵôֶΡ
Ϊʲôӯξͷ
ΪԽ⿪ĸ
Σͷȴ־ϲ˲ѹһ˼
ֻҪһţбһ졣
λصĶˣȻڴ㲻ܾôʧˣȻĿġֻҪĵȴһٳ֡ʲôΪȥˡ
ֻǣʲôԲס飬ҵᵶأǡξôһ룬б㼴Ȼ
ߣѻָ˲ΪҶҪʲô۵ģǰң
ξкһ˰Ȼ
һ죬Ҷ˶ƽһֱĹܼҴЦģ֮á
治֪ܼҴʲô¡
ÿһߵļ򣬹Ц̸䡣
ЩǧɱսϾˣҲЩܳ
мֹɱ񡭡ǲͻȻˣ˯һħ˰ɣզôءҪаˣҪҸһڹѪģЦӻ񣬼ֱðžνëȻɡ
ҶЦ֮󣬼򵥵ϴ˰Ϳʼϲt
һ֮Уϰ˵õʱ䣬峿̫ոһ̡
һ̣֮ĴΪŨΪʱ
ҶЦȻĻᡣ
ŵʱ򣬹ܼѾſڵšЦġݹ
ҶЦȻ֪ΪʲôˣΪʲôܹݹҲ֪Ǳץסˣ糿Ƿˡ
ҡɶ˺ٹҶЦкһһſԵĹܼһӶ˲t
仰ɶ˼ܼͷƤЩɶͷԡ

ȵҶЦӲtܼҲų˹ӣбʳ֣ϽǱ߳ˡ
ϽҶЦסΪܼΪָϲѶôͻȻĳһϽоǣԼү򱱽ϽҶҳϹϵô
ϽѾˡս񳿵˾սʼǰܼüͷ壺һΣ۹֡󽫾ЩΣա
󽫾˵ĸףҶЦü
ԭˣүĸǱ߷ս£ҲǺԼйص˵
ǵģսͻȻֲܵУڴνǡܼüͷͿһλôˡ
أҶЦʵ
д󽫾ڣɽܼԺӽͷ
ȿȡ
ҶЦ̾˿
ֽäĿʮģôģ
ϽˣòҲﲻæҶЦֵ˵ѵսⲻܰɣ
ܼҿЦá
ǻʵ۱³һֻɱǰȥԮҲԲ뵽竣
Ϊ¡ܼǳ˳飬ίʵڵľƣгȥ֮⣬Ҳֻһ֧Ե֧ǵ֮ǵĴúΣաԣΪбҪѹӡ
ŶǷǹϵУҶЦʵ
ǻ£ܼҳ˵һսѾӰ쵽˹Ҵ󽫾ڶľ֧ܹȴΣֵģֻгʵ۹һˣʾ񣬻ү
Ҷ󽫾ڱнҾ춼ھǣǻ¡Щ˶ɻүտšǻүôڽһʱ˽ǰƽƣôҾ콫ھԵơ
ҶЦһҹµĸףԼδˣһֺ󺺣û뵽оļҾ죬ڳĶ
˵λ۹񣬵治һúӡҶЦӿһɾ⡣
ԣʱþͲҪˣ¡ܼ˰Ȧӣ˵ʵĿġ
ԭˣˡҶЦһظĵ˵ģҽѴ󳹴򣬾ʵʵģԲ£
ξǳһ¡
仰ͻȻоǵۡ
С쵰˵ʲô󳹴ʲôʵʵϴ䷢˵£һȥͰ̫үĴˡ
һı֤˸ʲô󳹴ŪԼȥɡ
㡭ôǻȥˡ


70 ִɱ
ǰ㣬ҹܲˣܼвǴӽԺҪǸٺֵĻҾͰƨɴãҸǲң
һϯǶݺݵĿ
ѳܼҶԼҹ˵Ŀһֶ˵Ŀˡ
Ȼξûʵʱ򣬸оԼûҶЦӲܸҶЦԲס塯ƺҲֻ֮֮
ڣιܼΪָˣͻȻоԼǺţƵΣ
Ժ˭Ҫ۸ֶӣҾŪ
ݺµţֻˡ
һ䡰ĵʵдգ
Ȼ֮ǰһЩȱ©аҶЦҶЦȻйܽҶЦ
ҶЦһЦ˵ģµ𣿡
ܼҷ˸ۡ
⻰ôôأôģ䣡
Ҫµˡ˭ǣ
ֱһǻڣ
ǻ

ҶЦվ޽𣬿νᣬƲסҪǮĳ嶯ǳ˳ȥһΣȴȥרĵط
ȻЩǼۣҪ򵽶͵ø߼ۣҶЦȴһ£ԽǼ۵ʱһЩƽĶŻ֣֮
˶ڻǵʱĲȡ
һγҶЦֱӽмҵȫϡ
һϷɨ
ǽǺ⣻Ϊ㻨һǧӣýռôССһѣһء
ҶЦƲѣЩʲô֮֡ʲôʯ˵ͷһһˣճȡľҲôһ㶫
еֻǳһ֮
ʲôأ
ĳһ֮࣬ĿصгĴй䣬һЩͷˡůϣܳЩ΢ҶЦ黹ǿһЩ֮⣬Ҫס
֮ǰʵǱźܴϣİ
ǻǧӣôһջ
ѵ֮ǰջ̫죬Ĺˣ
һߺ˼һȺйĵڣȴȻòȺӵƺкܶӿ˽
ҶЦüŽֿڵķȥ
⵱ôͻȻôӿˣ
ֻֿڴӿһȻšӣ
ȻСȴӵΧȴΧˣɫУĿȡ
ǰΧŵģһЩߣнʿҲо٣ȻһЩŹʵģһЩӵܡ

½һ̼ң
ݴ˵½ǰʮʮѱѣǳ
࣡
Ͻ
ԭǣѹֻ˵ĺ䶯
ҶЦĿĵ򲻵ýˣڻûгֵıһѽʱıҲǾ˳˳˹ȥ
ҶЦ˵ܹں½򵽵ıƷʣҲֻʱʹöѣԺ˸õԭ򣬵ȻҪġ
·ŵĹͻȻоһɱѸ͵ԼϮɲǼ涼һصΣٶ
д̿ͣ
ҶЦһ
ܲ͸Ľֵϣ֮£ȻɱҶЦתԼʱ⣬ôЩ˾ѾԼã
ȻǳıѾãһӹɣ
ĵ磬ǰң
Ⱥ֮Уïܲݴ֮еߣ
һɱ֡
ҶЦĿֻһɨѾȷĿ꣬ĸˣǻ£Ѱװۣǡ˽ʱ򣬶Լ֡
£ӦûйϵΪǸ֪ԼҪΨһпܵľһֱڴĻǵĶԸԼ
˭
ΣԽԽӽĵ⣬ʱ֮ͻȻ֣ͬʱ
ֱǣأģ£¡
ĸˣô˳֮УͬʱҶЦ͵֣
Ľ䴦ɱ
Ĳ֣ͻȻϮǶԸһĵԪ֣ǵԪƷϣҲȻԵ֡
ĸ˵жǲпᣬǼֵĿ⡣УˣѾˣ
ҲûκĿܡ
ҶЦǸһ˿Цͷһͣڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣǰһСһıͬʱˢһݺݵĴ̽塣
ǰңڡıǴƤ·Ŀ϶֮䴩ȥҶЦ·˸
ҶЦȴǺ
Ǻεȵľ׼գ
ҶЦ壬ͺıһ㣬İҪУȴǸһƤ⣬һë
ûĸ˷£ҶЦѾһ֣ѽǰ˵ס漴һ֮£˲ʱѾȫҲŲˡ
һ̣޺رɳһˬˬ֮󡭡
ǰȻסأ粻ŵɫ
ȴѻ
ҶЦս϶˿ͷҲأһıѾϢĵأصĸ˵֮Уԭرλá
ͣôȻǰĺӣϺõ˿̳ССĽףȻ߶֮£
µǰļһһͷϴһȻ⺺ӵͷ˻ɫ
ƺǱһˣȻ˶ǵͷһɶĥ˽ƺǺн̸һ㣬뿪˳
ֹģòƻܴ
ȴ˳ڲϺȣ𼷱𼷣ˣǰ棬ҲܲˡӾУûǮҲûá
֪˳֮һʱȻõˣᡣ
ڡ
ۣ
һʬˤڵء
ˣˤˡ˴
ˤˡԲۣǲҪ˸ˡ
ôʾȻҲҪ˸
ǣǡ
˲סӵʱһ߼˵ȥȻûļûУʶһ̽Ϣȴ˾Ȼˣʱһ飬Щŵ˹ȥؽеˡ˱ˡ
ƨӼڼʱȥˣҲûˡ
סˡ
ѵģˣ
ҿôûˣˡ
ۼˢһ˾ɢʱмγɵһȦӡڵϣ˺ۣϢȫޡ
զһӵġ
һ¶˸ľ漴һ˳糱ˮ˳ɢȥôģûŲҪǧҪһ˾Ǿǡ
ҵ¡
Ҹղû
ҿˡ
쵰Ƕôһˣ
үˣϽߡ
һҪ
㻹ҪëٸϾץȥ㲻ҲƤߣ
ϽߣɱմϹ̡

ֻɲǼ䣬ֵϵϤߵøɸɾ֣֮տյġֻʬ屣̬ббڵϡ
ûκ˺ۣûκѪ


71 һ
⸽̿ǵùƹһĻ̣ȴҲܲ˵ġ
ڼô⣬Ȼ˻ͻȻԼǰ
ֻǣǸˬģȴˡ
ǴǣȻ˾޴䶯׷
һΣҲȻۣôҵķӦͿԿó
ȻʱƳǺǵġ
ȻڴҶ־Ļŭŵʱ򡭡
ͻȻ䣬һֱԼߵΧȺˣ
Ҳô̫˰ɣ
˵ˣ
ôĵĵĵĵġʲô¶
ۿһɢһ˵ʮλִľ
ȴֲðһͷ˵᲻ǣǣ

ҶЦˣŻңǳȻݲȵعսһСӣ˿̻ϢʩʩȻطǽͷ赭дؽһǽϢĴ˸֮ҽһߣ˿Ϸһǽ
ڵһεڡ
ˣҶЦŽ˷
˲ܷܶȴһֱĿҶЦһĶҶЦʼ赭дؽɱ֣һֱµĴ뿪Լݲȵҵôһط
ֳĵϸ˼άܡΪǿĺһ˶ݡ
ҶЦʱѾɫҰףȻ
ոء״̬ɢظĵڣͼæſ졭ݺݵľҧȥȻҪҧԾ
ֻǴǰҶһĶһҪЩԼҲʤЩ
ҶЦһ֣ǳȻذ°жôף
žٶȷסȫȻ°ȥһָͷϣһɱ֮˲㽫ļⶳ
ڵ㣬ֻԵ˵ԺԡҶЦ˵оǣҧԾҲҪһϧȫûҲͻգգ۵ԶϾԱֶΣò㻹ûʵɣУǰҲûʩչأ
Ҹ˵ô࣬㣬ʱˡҶЦЦЦҶáֱ΢
˻ܿƵط
¶־ɫ
ǰħǸҶҵ竹ӣ
⡭ĸɱǧŪĹƨ鱨
˼Ҫ˳µĴڣȻܹ竡񲻾Ƕħ
ҶЦЦ⣬ȴһƬŭ
ĸ˵־Ҫɱˣȫûκι˼ɣ˵Ŀŵ˵޼ɵ
ս֮࣬᲻޹ˡ
ҶЦеķŭҲǵ˼
ĻɫЦһǲģ
ǿ϶ˣͬɣΪҲٻȥҶЦֱ׵˵ֻǣϣкֶܶΣԱƳһ˲˵Ļ֪Ƕʲôֶô
̱ڵϣ־ֵĿҶЦ
ҹЩֶ֪ӦûҶࡣҶЦ̾ϢһкֶܶΣãܡңԾζЩֶΡˣΪ㽫飬Ͼ˶鲻ζ
˰Ŀ⣻һ˿ϣ챣ƣ
ҶЦ̾ûǲƣֶΣĻܶ࣬ҡһ˾֪֮ĻҪһЩˣΪԹܴûһˣܹ˵سһֵ̣
΢΢һЦȻǺܲҵģΪЩĻ˺ʹ࣬˵ûЧǾڿʼһһԡһ֣һġ
˵գ֡
ûκһ֡
Դ˴жһУ˭ʹģ˭߻ģ˭ɱҡ
Щ£ͳͳûʡ
ȴҪ̡
·Щⶼû壬ΨһȤֻж̣
˳־ĿУҶЦģͻȻڡһֳһһ𣬾ҶЦ׵ȼա
ҶЦĵĽͣ㿴ǻ𣬵أȴͨĻ𡭡ΪʲôС㿴
ҶЦûԼ·Լͷû˿ȼյļ
ȻˣҲȫȻһǴĺôǡŻԴ˵ĿУƶǸ˵ĶȻ󣬶зաԣ˵ˡǲգǿ໹ڹʱ򡭡ôţȴһֻ˵ζԡ
콾һ£Ϊϵһζˣ˲𰡡ҶЦš
ѾĿָⷢͫ׶ɢˣ־Ļ£һɳζ
ҪƨǺܲҶЦĽСû𣿡˵һָȥȻйٴηס漴ͽ˵ԴһѾһ󣬾ͽĿȥ
࣡ƴҡͷƴѾþȴԼܶõ΢΢ĵġȻҲڿڳݲ֮£˵ˡ࣡
Ѿ͵ûаոоֻһůл룬Ȼο
ҶЦиоôڽ˿ǻȰɣɣӦѾ˺ҲȰɣѾʺȲȣȰɣѾǻҲȰɣ԰ɣûƭɣѾ࡭棬źߡڿʼȺòأ
δ䣬˼ʱоһ͵
ɲǼ䣬ƺ඼ڱڻ濾ܣ޷ݣȻȫȫƵ£͵Ŵ죬Ҫҽг
ҶЦһֻ͵ס죬һֻһָڶԣУ𼤶ᣬż
˵ͷƴҰڶȴʼհѲҶЦ֣һҲһ˫۾ƺ˻硣
ľͬһʱ鴤ΡµҲϤ˳һ̣͵ذȥ
ˮ˲Ϣ֮ӿ˳̱ʪ͸
ɼ˿̵ʹൽжôǿҡ
ҡ˵㡭ͣ¡ڱ棬ĿҶЦ
˵ʲôҶЦüʵҲҪ֪ʲô˵˵ģҶûɶ˼˵أҪȻˣȴûУѵ㶼û֣
˰Ŀ۽ѾıųѪ
ҶЦ̾˿ˣҲͦġðɣҾ˵䡣Ҫһ䡭Ǿģ㻹ΪԲ˵ģһǱȽԸ⿴̡
ͷУͷ󺹣˵ʲô˵ֻ֮
һ˵ŷƺԼˮֶѾˣֻ˵ô֣ѾѪ
ҶЦһӣŻ˲ʱصҶЦУأ΢΢ҶЦ˭ģ
̫̫ͷ󺹣ȫȲؽеֻ˻ƣˡ


72 
ҶЦһ
̫ʲôˣĽϼˣҶЦʵ
ǡǶĸ˶ǡ˼ѵ˵ţֻԼԽԽܣ㡭Ҹʹɡ
ҶЦɱ̫

ҶЦ飬ȷ
ʩʩȻ֮߳ء
ղ֮ص£ţƺһ˿ڽˡ΢Ц
Ȼһ˿м
ƺܹȥѾĪĶ䡣
֮ǰûжʱһģһȫȻûκκۼһúõĴˣô˼ˡ
̫Ӹ̫ҶЦʩʩȻ·ϣһ硣ȴǻ
ͻȻӿһͷҪҪ̫ӸȥǶԹŮˣ

ҶЦڴϵʱһͥŲȻʩʩȻ¾һ崺ĸоƺˣû뿪Ѿ˺ܾúܾá
һֱԶӵˣһҲһִλҶӣһֱֵй䣬û뿪Ծء
ֻǣôأ
Ҫǣһôˣ
δ
ܿ죬ٸˣһ֮󣬾ͽʬ˻ȥһ˵ȣҲ˻ȥʡȻļλ
·֮󣬽ֵϵӰ٣ֻ⼸ȴǶ㲻ģûȥҲУνܵ˺Уܲȴǰˣ͹£
˿ɥȥˣⳡ֮ͻȻĪֱ콵
һеʮˣҲЭ顣
⻹Ҳ㹻Ҫֻֻ²ʮҪȫߣǼҲҪ߳乫γ乫Ǿͼʼˡ
ҶЦԾһȻؼй䣬Źž͹
һֵϵ˲ʱߵӰ٣ԭֵÿȼе˿ҲֻҶүһ˶ѣ
ƹԭڰ̾ⳡ֣֮ڷȥٸϢͨؽڣȴпţһ£ְҵʹʵ⡭λӣҪЩʲô
ֻǸղž˹ٸһţ˿̻Щ֮ļƣȻй˿ͽЩܳ˼
ҶЦݵİڰ֣ʵöǷϻ껹ķıôʲôõýñýͳͳóͺá˵ţ顱һظˣеǮ
ƹźӣʱס
ģǱϹϾȻ˫ʮа˾Ŷһ֣ίʵѵһǰλƴ֡
ѵ㶼֪ôڣᱻݺһôоǣ˿ܱһ֮⣬δؾ򵽳ĺֵıô
ʹҪʲôǵȷǹꪵսɱõĴͱֻСɵġܹڰ
һǸ鳣ƹȴҲֻܳһ¡
û취СڻھδֻԼΪѵˡ
͵ıòߣͲˣѵѽҪϵȵģ֡СЩʲôСɵķɵȵȡҲһЩҪ֡ҶЦӻ֡
ƹ̲ס˳飬¸һֽϳȥĳ嶯
׻᲻
Ǹ鳣ҲûôŲ׵ġ
ſھ࣬ĸ֣˵ĳﲻĸЩСɵ֮İôЩƷƶƵô
ǿסͷеȵεĵ
һ竰ܼӡѱϧˡ
ʲô⣿ҶЦץһѵָסָסһۡ
Ȼǰѵͱ˹Σ䵽һ룬ηҶЦ֣⵶У⽣һóģҲˮ׼Զö࣬Ҳ΢һ£ˣʲô⣡
ƹǱȴѾֱۡ
ȻոȡֻеȵεĵһҲûı°ֱĸָͷȻǸ֣
һˣƹĶʱһ亹æڵϵȱó
ҶЦһѣҡҡͷֿһѣҡҡͷٿһѣҡͷʧ֮ɫ
ô
ûˡ
ǣһҲǣʢ֮ʵѸҲҶЦüбۣһмͭҲͱҼĲ˵ǿޡ֣
ƹնʱһޣӣСıƷȻ۹⼫ߣۣСı֮⣬ֻûʧ
ƹ֮ȴǲ룬ȲֿҶЦҲԱۣǳˣ
ҶЦƲƲ죬ץһѣνʶңЩұ˵ģ˵ѽɣƣ죬溮ɭɭɼˣԱԣѱ֮࣬ҵĵ֮ɣ
ƹͷȻѽǽ֮
ޣҶЦһѽ׷֮󣬷˱ʣ֮ʧӣ̵ȻǿһķҲܹࣻ߶ƴеıǳߵıһǷȫײѽͻСһһζ׷̫
׷֮⣬̫ᡣûԣȻ˵ǽ飬ǧҲҪУԴﲻȵһزͻ۶ϡ̫࣬
ѽĴĥ죬Ѿһ𣻱Ͽ·覣ʵʣȥĽܹ֮Ϊ
ҶЦЦʵĽѾڽ֮ڳһ壬ǾԲ뽣ʶģٶѪȻ
ѽֻһѺܡƯķˣ˽󷻾֮ΪҶЦЦЦίʵĲ񣡾ٷߣǸ߼ߣҪһǾ׼ЯӰ顭ΪҪԼ顭
Բˡڡ˵ҶЦʵǡһѽ˵ϵʱѽܲסѹཫͬܲ𣬱ɣԣʵһԣһʵ
ҶЦ˫ָЦţҷô໰Ҫǣˮ׼ֻȲΡôҾͿԶ϶ԪûһʹõıǴģ
ΪǵȲΣ׷ѾǱķһϡ
ҶЦʧ̾˿ԭеȻֻȵεġˡ
˵꣬ҡҡͷתҪߡ
͹


73 ħ񵶣
ƹͷϱһʼĲΪȻһֱڵóϷҶЦȻҪߣӸղһ˵úãνʶңΨʶ֮ˣŵüƷʵЩֻСģһ繫ԣӻ˵ģôܹҡǰأʶ֮ˣǳɴǰؿһɺã
ҶЦĿһһ治ԭˣҲá
ĵ֪һﲻʹ졣
ǲöǾԲóġ
һ·á
һ´󺺴һţȻһ´󺺴һŻԳؿſ
ƹԴҶЦ粽ȥżʱرաмվ⡣
ɼزķǺεȵܡ
ؿ⣬Ŀټһռ䣬ȴֻǽж
ֻ
ǽϣһڽ棬һѵ棬ȴһǹһ࣬иСӡ⣬һߵĵϣż鲻ô۵Ľ
УΨǸǹȴôڵϣȴھĬɢǹߣµݷɡ
ܹҶЦĵͷ
ֻϸ֮ҶЦǴҡͷ
ǹǿĿΪⱾսʹã󿪴ϣݺңȻһľ֣ǿߣȴǺǹġ
ٷͨʮ֮˾ŶΪֵ֮Ա
ǰǹۣȻȱʧҲʧΪһ㿰ն֮
Ȼ⵶ȻƷ϶˺ܶ࣬ǰν֮ͬնҶЦصĿڽԵĲ֣ȴûС
ֻ˵ƻˡ
Ҳֻں½ϳƵҶЦû
ΪԺ½Ļ˵һһһǹѾ˵Ƕ
Լı׼ȴǲ˵ġ
ֻЩôɻôҶЦʧʵȻСһЩıҲ޷ɵ佣룿ߡ
ƹҲ˳ǰȻᣬȴίʵһжĴмңĴмңȫûпԼ̵Ķ
֮˼Ҳûϡ
ƹҲ޹⡣
˵ɵ֮ȻмҷۣȻ˵صıԲڣֻ˵Ǹίʵûиɫıˡ˵ϸСеСɵһ׷룬ԼʮСɵȴǰʦǰδܶɵź֮ǷһûɣƷ˰Ʒ֮˱ɵꡣһֱҲûҪ͵˼Ʒ
ҶЦȤ˵ǰ֮⵹е˼ҿ
ţƹĵûԥֻƬ̾óһСɵƤң⿪ҶЦȴͻȻĿһ¡
Ƥ棬һ˸Сɵķ룬ÿһϸ쳣ģ͸С磬һĺ⣬˲Ȼ׷ȴһı˶ˣû⣬ûķ룬˵зд˱׶ˣ֮ء
ʮһҲֻҵʳָô֣Ȼ˵áҶЦţһֻУоһԼеɱ⣬²һ뵹Գ㣬ͬ졣
૵û⡭ȴΪʲô
һ˸룬ʮɵǰһΪľĴɣûвκȴʼûʺ͵ĶںϣԱƹЩ˼
ԭˡҶЦ롣
ɵɵСɣÿһֻһָͷ̣ɭâ˸
ȻɵȴҲӵһͬźûе⣡

ҶЦԼռһ컨ǧ龫⣬Ĭһ£Ҫˡ۰ɡ
ҪҪˣƹһ
Ȼǰв˿ɵ룬˵Ǻöȱ͵⣬ֻܳΪһƷӦãҲûκҪһ¼䣺ȻǰʦƷĻȻȥ
ľһδεظǰ꣬Ȼĵ˵һ䡮Ҫˡֵˡ
Ҫˣ۰ɣҶЦ϶ĵͷ
ƹĿЦ£ⶫȴֲǮƿԹõģǰȥ֮ǰ˵ħ񵶣Ǿ֮ţãΪ֮գһԵˣӦٳȻ¾˼䡣»˵ֻҪԵˣĲȡסֻ󡭡λԵˣڽʱ򣬻ѵʱ򣬸һչˡ
˵λʱƹĺЩΪȻ
ȱĶȻԳơʲô֮
ֱǿЦ֮
֪覣Ϊȥһڰˡ
ˣȻڴˣǰ۹ָߵˣʲôϣ͸Ҳ͸˰ɡ
ٷһǧҲȥ
ܽԵδһ£
ǣҶЦλȴһ
Ŀעǰķɵ֮ϣþûƿ
ħ񵶣
֮
ʲô˼ָô
ҶЦԼǰţЦ

˼
ϸع۲ЩС磬ȴɢ޾֮ıУҶЦܹоʲô覴֮
ӲִİƷ
λȻӡǽһеľȫһٶʮѱ
֮;ƿݣ漴
֮
ģ
ȴԣͣ
ѵλӣ֮ǰȻ͸ԴΪΪԼɣһ
ҶЦΣŵȻǰԣҲʮױôгһգҵĻұһǣ
ƹĿЦ
˵ǲ·ͷȻô˳ŸһΪ˭ǡ
ˣ
仰ȷʵڵԣһǸմԼ˵ģҪ϶Сһʱɫͬ˴һ㡣
ҶЦ΢΢һЦɵսԼ
һ˸룬ʮڷɵô£ȴһֻССһ
ǹҲҪˡҶЦָмǸǹ
ǹȴôҶЦҹ˵׻óģǹ棬ָǹ࣬һ⡣
ҶЦ֪֮λûгֵı
Ϊֱһӡòôࡣ
һϽ䣬»սҶЦٿǹʱо˴㡣Ϊ˱ģֻΪ˻ôİά
һǹҲֵá


74 ҪˣӲù
οǹ͸Լδˡ
ҲǷˮﰡ
ҶЦ
ǵ⡭ƹĳһ£һǧ򣬿ɺã
ƹҪˡ
һ㣬ҶЦȻ֪ģǹȻǷƷͰıļ۸㣬ĶıҲᳬ֮
ǹȻԶʤıҲԲӦóǧ
ʮѾǼޣ
Ҫ֪һǧһǹѾ쳣ܼҵΪֻһƻԵıڴˣ
ҶЦǹĹۣҲңѾǸ߹ˡ
ƹ֪ҶЦˣȴҪۣǿԼͷɵЩ̻һʣ
ƹЦӯӯҶЦȻڵڻۡ
Լۣһ϶һ֮ȻףҲȻƪ۵ĴֻۡҪԼĥþáոһǮҲû
ȻǷͷɵǲƷʽ򣬵ʼǴʦ˼ǹϿۿ̫
ֻҪ΢һɿڣôҲܶ༸׬ʧҲ㹻ֲˡ
ǮܹƹԤϵǣҶЦȻû˿ԥһھʹӦһǧô۰ɣҪˣ
ƹסˣеɣҲе㲻ԼĻ
Ҳ벻ϾȻɵơ
һǹһҲǹȥǹԼڱһǧ򣬶ԷȻ۶ûл۾Ҳգһµֱˣ
ȴ֪һ̣Դһǧ۸һɲǣԶɥʧɻڴ½ĻԵ
˭ɵƣǺ˵ġ
ʼǰɣ
ҶЦƢǶԹжг𱨳
ղ֮ԳΣڿǷҪܷɵռȻѡ޳ؽǷɵͬӵ飬ӦӵĸС
ȻҲ߿һۣʶȤһЩҶЦˣ⽫ߣԼ֮¡
ܹýǮҶЦ˿ҲģԼ಻Ҫ鷳
ծѻծ
Ǯƻծȴıˣ
ϾҶЦ˵ƸֵǮĶ
һǧ˶Եıˣ
ԹȴҲʳŲ̡
ȻˣԺѴҶЦȻ֡
ȴֻ֮˵ǰ㡭һչˣ
һεŴҶЦѾ
ͳƱһǧҶЦɼؽ֮ƹһ֣Ǹǹڡתﳤȥ
ƹźһƱҶЦıӰĵ׾ûд󷢺ƵϲãоԼƺǰһ顭
ָоҲôһʣµģǿӿеĪϲã
ǣˣ
ֻһǹ׬˲һǧ򡭡ǹĲϼ죬зãҲͲѰ
ҶЦǹ߳ţһȻǹжڣֻһǹͷ
һǿɣֻҪһ˲ʱλ˿Ϸ죬ԿκλֻҪ̶ȲǹޣӴԳܡ
ǹе·ܸоһ˿֮⡣ҶЦȻв˷ͭڼսʱʱĺ
ƣϣǹ߲Ϊֻʲôʧ󣬴УָǼãνıߣǳġ
ǹϣСС֡
ս
һʮ
ͷĴţҶЦݳһ˿ζЦ⣬ôŰսǹ󲽶ȥ

ҶЦǹûֱӻؼңһȥ˻
ǹһߵǰݡ
ǹ֮⣬ȻҲбĿġ

ٿ飬ټڽս£ƶսľԡ
Ȼʥּû´ǻѾ֪ԼһεĳǱⲻˡ
˿̣Ѿսβո˵꣺ô꣬ҵսʼղиȻˣʥּһ£ֵܾٴβս°ɣ
ڽȫȱȻүɨƽ£
Цʢ
ڴʱҶ콫֮ӣҶЦ
ŮˣСǾͲүһ֮ˡڽһӵɢ
սϣϣнֹ档˽Щֵȴûʲôӣ̸Ц޼ɡƽʱ򣬴ҲܴȤʱȻҪĴȤ
һЦ˶ŻͲŹðɣͳͳɡҿɸǣʱ˭Ҫ˺ȡǶã
ڽЦתۼܵһʣˡ
һݣСʲôȥ
˵ţԼлŻ˹ȥ
˵ʵŮ£ʵϴĲ
ԼɾôһŮȻҪôһĻСӡ
ҪǵҶԼҪԼʱһʱѪŮ֮£Ҳ⼸걻ҶСòˡ
ųƳʵ۹һ󽫣۹񣬵λ˵˿Ժ
Ǿٹϵ飡
ֻлԼо̣˳ᢣʤǧһ棬Լ֮Ҷ춼ҪЩ
ֻǣҶһֱܵ͵ǵ͵Щֲ¶ʲô
ҶӣҶЦһӣӢ۶쵰õģͷ۵üģֹš
ǿǻȮ㣬ŴҴҶ¡ôҲ벻Ǽ˫Ӣ޵еҶ죬ĶӾȻôĲ
˵ڶˡ

Сʲôɫƽһŷûʲôϲŭ
￴ҶЦֻǴ󽫾ɽŭɫȻ֮
⻹ҶЦһμԼλˣˡ
һ࣬ׯһߣҲ´ԼδŮ
ҶЦֹõ˿֮еСӣݿţӢһѹӵķɵѾ˼ֺøС
ʵҲûɶ¶ҶЦЦЦϽսҽ𣬾֮£ӣҲҪˡ
۾λδŮϽȻңҰΪ֮ƺҲûʲôϵ
ĻܲǺ¶ǣǼҶЦǸ֪£伲ֻ֪࣬Լ֣ϡͿӵİܼӡ
ôûϵйϵкܴĹϵҶЦ˵ֻҪһھǵӣֻ¾Ͳùˡ
̲סЦԭСӾҲ֪һ㣬ȹƨǿ㡣
һ֪и̣ҵӣ͸ӲùˡҶЦ桱˵


75 νӢۺ
ûˣȻŭŭĿԲСС쵰˵ʲô
ҲǺһĵСӹȻ˵һƤңո𼸷ֵĺø˲ۿۡ
ҶЦһЦ޽ٵĵԣϽ֡һͦõģⲻ͸Ͻ˼ˡ
˵ţһߵİһڵϡ
ʲôü
һǹҶЦֽ⿪𣬿һ˼İսǹôǰ
ǹ뻤֣⻬ǹִͨ졣ֻǹкһ߰룡
һʹĵ׷һ⡣
սǹоһ͵վ
һ֮࣬Ҳһ
ҶЦĸɲѰŮˣҲѧΪܲͣһǹ¾صƣǷâ¶սµİԵ֪ԲʲôƷ
Լɷ򼴽ҷҪҪЩ£СӾȻԼĻ׳һ˱ǹ
ҶЦ񲻽˼⡣
ҶЦȻ֪ԼľٶѾӮĸĺøС
էǹΧŰսǹתתȥȻϲ˼㡣
ǹ֮ǰȥΡ
ǹͳɽ۸Ҳﵽӡ
ӿ൱ʮ˾µĻöȣȻǹ⵽˼㣬ҲλԼһ죬ֳǹݺɳ
ȴһֱû
û뵽ǹȴ͵Լǰ
ôⱦնкζǹϲ
ȻġҶЦЦЦϴòšǹͷɡϴУܱȷ﷢ùҪá
źӺǺǴЦͻȻһЦʱסɵصôǮϷôǹȴҲ̫ȴҶҵļҵ׻Ϸ⻪Ҷĵ죬ܹǶթİɣСӵƷʮа˾žˣ˵֮ǰթҵѪΣĪҲ«
ҶЦЦá
ȻǺ²Ż´ǧҵôˣ
ķģǹ·ұȱ˻ǮҪ࣡ҶЦĵܹ֮ôǹȴΪǰʱ䷢һʺơϴ˷¾ǡ
һƷϷίʵŲá
һߣ˵Խӵ㣬ĺǹȻ̬ȣǲӦá
˵ţתͷҶЦЦЦǹǴģȣ˵Ƕթ˵ôģ
ҶЦһһƣ̫ôıˣ
񡭡Ȼ˱ӣ⡭ӵһΡ
ЦȻҲһ죡
ƫƫǰԼܶǷ𣬻ҪСӭ
̫ɶˣ
ǰ죬˳־һˡҶЦھʱ׷ɱҡôĵˣȻڻһ£ߵʱ͸ƿ
ԭû̫£ֻǵ⼸֪ƿ֮УȻһŵ񵤡ҶЦ˵

ʧһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʲô˻棿ٳȣҲɵľһվǵ񵤣
Ϊʵ۹һˣ֪ܲЩ粨ĵ񵤣벻СӾȻɾ˵񵤵ˣ
ѹǷ֮˵þͲˡԭǱ׷ɱҶЦľˡ
СҲģƾǻԵɺϣ˱ܹɱ٣ŵݺô
ǣأʵ
ҶЦӻͳһСƿЦأҹϴ˴˴νҪԣר̽񵤴˹Ϊϴ׳С
ȻǱ˵Ѿƿһѽ˹ȥ
֮죬ûӦ
ЦһŵҩԼɷ򼸺͵Ƕһ
̫ˣ
Цǡ̫ТˣҲǰŮ㡭
ŮƱģԭֻǶҶЦмֺøУںøжֱѾĿڽСЦˣǰĳԼŮԴˣԼŮĶȻǲðײãҲõΣ
һ
ǡǰ컹Ҵߣ˵ҰѹŮҶЦС쵰ǵŮɵãΪôһŵ۾գľͰѹŮˡ
ڲһذûһ֡
޿κε̾˿һأ
ĵսֵۣˣһ񵤣ܶһȻôһ䣬ð⵱Ҳ˲ʲôˣ
ӶŮСˣҪҩʲô
һ𣬻ֱӵж٣óң
ŮģҪײҪ
һƴķۡϻղŻ˵ҡԭԼҲǽڲһأ˼͵ϵģֱҪһ
ޱӣ
ûˡҶЦ̯̯֣Ұһˣ˰սǹҪΪǮǹ
㣡һŭģܼӣ㡭Ҫˡһĵҩͻôһǹ
ʱˣ϶ô˵أ˵ӻһţһŶ㣬Լţ֪϶Ҳ̫֪ôôǹأǹ۲ܾˣΪҲ֪
Щڨڨģ̫ϧˡһ񵤿ܾһ죬ȻǾЩʹ
ƽʱ򻹲ôáڴսڼȴⶫĿɹ
ҶЦȻУòƻкܶܶ࣬ȴɱͷҲǲóΡ
ݣӵһŵҲ̫֡Ƕˡģֻ˵죬££ҲδмܹȫĻȥ
ǾͲͱˣ
ЦЦϴòˡǹϴսն죬ҡܾµˣɱһŵܾȵ˶ˡ
Ŀһ⻰˵̫еֻҪԼû£жȲˣ
ѩȻҶЦ仰֮⣺ŵǧǧǧǧҪ˷˰
Ҫ֪һ
̾Ϣüûɿ
ֹãǶҵֵܡûʱȻ޿κΡǲȣԼȴռ񵤡ңô
ҶЦһĬȻ
ӣͬʹࣻ£ǰ
ǻն
ԼʿͬԼ˶һ㣬΢ҶЦ˶ţսϣһλ¶˵ĻôŵҩģԲǻ
һٿȻὫκһԼϡ
ˣҲͲʮĻˡ
ҶЦһɾ塣
νӢۺܣˣ

үǸˣҶЦԷ֮еҹҲ˳ĸһ٣мһڵζҾǻЦ


76 㸸һλˣ
һٷԴҶͬĸһԵĵһٷ
㸸״˿Ҳڣǲն˼ƣͻԸп̾Ϣһ
Ҳǵͷͬ
Ȼ˼ҵֶ̣ҶЦӡҲ˼ĸĹۣٲ֮ǰôһ浹ˡ
ܹڴս֮ǰκѾǹֻٶѾ˵һС
ⲻһĺܹ¡
ңȻƣһԷʱȴʵ̫١㸸׳رѵûתǾ򾩶롣ÿÿ㸸׻ʱʹҪȥĵطתתˡ
նЦЦΪ㸸׻ֵ֤׶Ȼ£ȻսΣյıܹȷ£ôĵطҪ£ңȴҲûڶס档
š˵ûеڶ˿ԣϷˣΪ㸸׾Ϳԣ̫ˣֻҪϢĿУǰҲǲ˷ѵġָĿ˿ҶЦ
ҶЦ˼ȴĬõķȣȾƳԲˡ
ҹº鿴ףֿҶЦ¶һĵ׵ĿЦ⡣ͷԷҲ֪뵽ʲôСѾͷòƺˡ
ҶЦƱ˻һƣ治֪ϴҸôʶģ
նԾһ㶣ȴ¶һ˿廳Ƭ֮㸸סʵһλˡ
ˣҶЦһ¡
Ҫ֪ˡĸ֣ɲõġ
ҶЦۣǰܹƵĸֵģòһҲûм
룬Ȼǰ˺½ȫڵ˵

ֻǺ½ĸˡҶ˿ھƣѰ˼ҲǸ˰ɡ
ϷҲһҲ಻ǿߣʶԴ˵Ҳ˽һǡֱڶ֪ˣģͺͻȻͳϡɨ˷
¶ŨŨ廳ζ
˵˵ţ鵽ҶЦȴһһ㣺СԶҲ֪㸸Ϊ㣬ʲôòʲôС˵ûĵСĻ˶ɵ
ҶЦһӵĺߡ
զˣ
ڸ߸˺žƣ˸߲ҵ˵ŻĿҸףȻžôȫסȫضҶͷһҸһһǧǹ
϶Ȼˣ
ǺˣǳԴҩˣ
ˡлú˵ʲô˼ҲǼΪԼɷſھ˵Ϊü˵ںǰͲеȣү
ҷȸ񣡹ƨүûү粻֪ȥˣûˣиã
һӣָҶЦҶСС˵ڿЩ˳ˣֻҪСǰôĻˣϷ޲ýСһ˰꣡ι
ҹͨ죬޺޵ĵͷȥ
ϻ쵰˵ʲôȻҪԼŮļιǸϻ쵰
ҶЦĿ࣬ƿԣãȻ֪ơ
⡭һôôأ
ǰòǲôǾôҲֻһʮĺӣ竣竵ȥôôǿǣֱҶЦһ񹲷ߣزݵĻ
꣬ȴ̾һ
ꡭƺһ˲ͻصǸҵʱ̡
뵱Ҵ۹չѪսΪҪΧ֣ȻһһΣ۹ȴϵлȣ㶨ҾĹҪ㣬ҵĴ󲿷־壬ҵνھˡ
ۼֽҾʱȫ㸲Σʱ̣ͻȻһ˴ߣŰ£ɱôһһǿƳ۹ʮذΧ֮УɱһѪ·س˳
һΣȻδؾһǸ˵ľ֮ȴɵաиҪһ㣬ǸˣһսƽĪ۵㣬Ψһİܼܾ񣿣һЦˣ
һ죬Ѫ˫ʮԡѪɱľ֮սն̧ͷգƵ˵Ѫ˵棬˫ʿÿ˶Ǻ۾ɱʱͻȻһХƿնԽһܼȴۻ˵˭ն
ǸԺԶսϣȴˡǿɼʮγɵսžϴףҲδܹЩͬʱһȣȴĶס
ʱУΪи֣նսǰȡս֣ȻΪϷʾƲУǧǰȴɲǡ벽ôŲ˵Ӿնͨǹ²ɱ֮
˵仰ʱƺֿѪս龰ֻص˵սսЩңҲЩ
ҹЩĵķס˸׵Ĵ֡
䣬ƽٺһЦһ䣺̵Ρʲôɱֻ֮һսе֮һǧ˵Ŀͷº룬ʱԼԼ׳ѣʵ֮ߣʵƽȻսǰηһˣĵʼջη߷ֵġ
ҶЦȻԼòƻͦɰģȻܰԼĵ׻¸˵
˵նãȸһݼ񡣡ȻͿһֺ뽣⣬һߵľշ䣬һ̣ǵֺ뽣ӳ£ϵ̫·ʧȥ˹âֻԽԽԽԽ֣ԽԽ׳󡭡زˡȺ
һ˼ʻһأ
һߵҲ֪뵽ʲô˲ʱͨ죬Щŭ߾غݺݵ˻һۣ漴ܻĵͷȥૣס֪ߵϻ쵰
ҶЦһֶžƱһ°ͣһ˼ϴӡ
ȴЩù죬ĵԽԽԽԽ֣ԽԽ׳󡭡
⣬˵ô
ҶЦ̲סͷ˿ԼĿɡ
Ȼ˵䣡Ʊһ
أԳ֮Уҡͷԣ꣬ζ˿ûиоԼĻĳﲡ
ȻһսҲǻҫ
һֱӾǴݿ࣡һ֮ǰһֱ˵ƽͬݿ࡭ֱһ̣Ҳ֪ʲôģݿ࣡ǲǵ˿ƥеľâ
һնǧȥվǰʱҲŷ֣ϣȻԾǰѩһȾ


77 ĸ֮ɣһ
˵ɫЩ죬һѪӿļ
ĽϣأµѪ۹ѽңңն㷴Ϊʤתս֣ԵģҪһΣʱϷ˵ֻҪܷתս֣Դ㶼УȻ˵ͷ˵Ǻá
̴ͷβûϻתôӭŵܼĿڵλãӲɱ˽ȥ洳һһ壻ؾͰҵĲ׷׽ȹȻһԾΪȷͷǿƳΧ
ʼգǸ˾ôͷǿƳɱһȥǰһճһƬһֱɱΧֲͣͣ
Ǹˣ㸸סҶ죡
նؿҶЦ֪㸸ΪҪô
ҶЦһѵǡǸйأ
Сӻ̫ɵȵңһʱΧ֮һûü˵лĻ㸸׾˵ҵĳŵѾˣҲöŵԡҪľſɣʱʱ㸸׵ϣʵҲ𣬲ʮദ˿ڣѪЩȴǲܲˣֻҪ󡣡
ҶЦһ
ľſɣ
Ǵ
˿̵ЦԼ岻Ծĵط
ר첡֢ĸ̥Ż
ľſɣ
ԭдĸʱ򣬾ܵ˶뾭ܴ˫شȻǿȴѾʱ֮Σ
ľſȴǶ֢֮ҩ
Ȼδضô󣬵ȴǼ亱Ķ
֮Խɡ˼ǣֻ
ٺһЦϷҲڻԵɺ֮£һѩɽ֮սѩϷ˱˻ѩ棬òȴطѩɽµľſɡȻϷԴһֱ䱦ʱȴûκԥֻ˵һ䣺㣡
Ȼ˰һ£ʦسʦ֮Ϸһʱ佫ľſ˹ȥնůһЦ㸸׽飬ʱ
ҶЦȻ
ĵԼүӾȻܹɳ˵Ⱦ춯صĴ¡ΪԼҩȻһһֱ¾սίʵƵϡˡ֡
һµҶһһʤѩǧ֮гȥ龰ȻҶЦĳȣҲĪоһѪڣ֮
㸸Ϊ㣬ǡЩɸȴεҶЦģԼһȴô
̾˿Ȼ˼Զ׼
𵱳Ҷ쵥һݺսٿǰҶЦͲһҶѹ顣
ҶЦҲһͷ
ȻԷ˵ĲԼԼǰҶЦԾǸͬܡ
ǰҲһףΪ˶ӲһеĸסҸǺεȵҸҶЦš
ţȴһײһУĸأʼնûᵽԼĸף
ʶʵأ
˵֣ȻҶЦѾΪˣ˿ȴҲͻȻӿһȫȻİļһůɬ

ôůôۡ
ǰԼǴûĸĸءҲ֪˭Լһֱ֪Լĸĸ˭
ô
һеģ
һҪУ
̬ҡͷҲҴûм㸸Ҳû
ҶЦʱһ
ԭΪĸ׶Ѿˣô˵ֻΡ
˭Լǰ顣Լĸ״ûĹˣô᲻᣿
ѵ滹ʲô鲻ɣ
ҶЦû˵ȴǰļ
ݵ䳡֮ն˵𣬺ҶЦȻʹľſɣǲ̫ɫҶն£ʵ۹Ļʵ۱£ʻʵԱʥҩΪҶֵܣԼŵػʮԼʵ۹ĴʥҩȻͬ죬ҶЦȫָͨ˵Ľ״
µĴʼĩҶЦѾӹܼҿ˵˼ٴȴĳȣ𶯡
һףΪ˶һ
ֻǣҶЦڸж֮࣬ȴַһʣľſѾƶ֮ʥƷҶЦжϣӦɾκ½һжˡ
Լڷô֮һɫȴҪʵ۹ʥҩ֮ܽһתָѰ˵Ľˮƽ˵Լԭ֮ˣǵص˼㣬˺ԴͷͲһɱУ
뵽׵սһ֮ǧ
֮ԼĸסĸףιܼңпܷǺ½ԭס񣬶ڵĸ߽桭
ôģ
ת֮䣬ҶЦѶԼĸ׵׽˸һ˽⣬ȴֽעصĽ֮С
һδս֮϶һλն˴󹦣÷λ֮Уֻȴ֪ʵ۹ʵһλ
ʵ۱½ΪֵܣȻȻүֻ㸸ȴҪͷʵ۱޿κ֮£ֻҶҵλڲᣬɢһϢ
նһЦУʵ۹ֻΨһүʵģһǼͬʱġ
˶ݸһЦ
̸նһ¶ǣҶЦļ򣬳˵ЦЦǧǧ򡭡Ҫĸװ
Щο˵ЩϷ򿴵óίʵѾı˲٣ǰĺˡǺǡ
ȵ󣬻࣬˯
ȻǰȥչˣȻֻʣҹºҶЦˡ
ҶЦ˼ȴѾҪˡ
еĿѾˣоԼòҲûɶ¶ˡ»ǸϽؼҸԼħ񵶲¶ɡ
ɶøˡҶЦЦһԴﱻѵһͷоԼǹŰġ
˵ɶǣҪߣСѾͷͷһŮһ仰ʱצɶ˼ղŰͷӵô˸߲ҵģڸҵһ㷴ͷԵģȻҪߣߣһԣ
ҶЦԴһ˵С̡
йҲУСѾͷܰ漴ȻҶӡ˵еѱ򹤾ۡ
ҶЦϽͶõĺõģҸûߣ뿴Ҷѡ
ߣСѾͷȻͲĳ˵
ҶЦ£СѾͷѾ㣬һһģ˵ȥ԰˼Ҷ˵Ӽˣǰ£顭ɶ⡭
ҶЦһַһһ̾
СѾͷǱЩС˵вӼ˵Ĵ˵¸ЩжˣС˵ڴʵ֮УɲǺ˵
Ӽˡɶ⡭нĲǲӼˣûЩɶɶ⡭ҶЦЦֻܽ顢


78 ҶЦҹ
ȴѾɼرСѾͷ԰ȥ
ЦЦ˵ʵڵģֵͦġҶЦҶЦҹſ죬¶׵ݣһЦôôҹأԼԡ
ҹҶЦһͷߡ
ȡֵǻᣬԼȡģȡȻ޸ҶҲҪЦ񷡯˼޸ҶһǵԼԼΨһݱʶһСɵơЦ͸Ӻý͡
˻ţȻҪЦЦڳ
ôܸҹϹϵˣ
òǰһҲû˸áҹЦɣ
ĳбۿСѾͷв̣ѵ椣ʵҲǸԻ
Լ֮࣬ȴֲɵԼؿڣЩȻڣԼҲˡǸŮˡ֪Լ˿
㣬ô
԰ҹҹ²·˵֪ˣֵˡ
ҶЦһͷߣ֪֪
ȻⲻԶ׼ôҹºٺһЦ˵ҶҵһȾƣˣ޻̸˵ֵʱҶ嵱ʱЦ˵ʵҹ
ҶЦòЩŤˣĿҹ
ǰʱҵҲ֣ʣΪɶҹ¿˵ȻҶ˵»罺ᣬϣϡȿȿȡ
СѾͷȻǲ£˵ȴҲͻȻ죬Ҳ˵ȥһŹɫͬƨһ㣬ȴǸӵɫɲ͡
զˣҶЦ׷ᣬеɰʵ׵ľͷ
ȿȡǡҹƴתӣ˼ôʣȴʼպͰȴּææ˵˵ҶҪҹȥȻҹûãҶ̫ˣûסȰˡȿȡȻһʱ䣬ҶɴֱӸȡҶЦ˼壬ҹԣȿȣҹ
СѾͷͰ͵˵꣬ҲЩζ
Ȼһ˵ҶЦֵٻǺܲ˼ġ
ҶЦͲͬˡ
ھֻιȥĵ׸Ǻܿιȥ
ʲô˵ʲô߼ʲô
Ϊˣ߳Ц˿ҲһͷĿѣԭ塭֡Ȼôģ
һҹȥҹȻ;ûסһ֡ҹȻˣȻ˶ӡͽҹ
ҶЦ
߼ӵģ
ҵθġ
˰ɣ
ɲǼҶЦھ٣ʹ
ʵû뵽ҵ־Ȼôϴ󡭡
ԣ߼ǲԣҶЦڻعӵĿСѾͷ㻹ûҴأզ֪Щģûô֪ҵ֮£߼˵ͨǡոֱİɣ
ҶЦĿЩεҹ£챣ӣѾͷղǷǴţġ
˵ѻءҹ²ľ죺ҵǴκˣ˵Цʱ˵ģЩ׿˵ģܼٵˡߣΪûˣɲ֪ȫ͵͵ˡԲپˣ
ҶЦˣҿᲱϵء
ĳأ˸߲ҵȤੲݵСѾͷɲǼһƬҰԭӵ֣һҹ
ôģ
ô֮䣬ͷһˡ
ףôأզأСѾͷ߳ȥþãԼж߾ȴҶЦûиתͷʡ
롭ҶЦ̾˿ԺϱϱǲҪҹ
ѽޡҹͨ죬ŤΪԼôһôѵѵûûļһҵķ绪
СѾͷʱˣ绪Ϸ绪ķĽԶԶѧޣ˵һǧǶޡ
ҲǱ
ҶЦֱŵĲִӦսСѾͷһƬٲˮҶЦŰһ֮㣬һ֣ʶҲƣȥȥɡ
ҶЦæ֮Ҳ
Ϸ̫ˡ
ȻСѾͷĽҶЦԤǣɵǡ
绪ôϾҲǴԼóģԼҪƽĻҹڵΪ̶ۣһָͷһ顣
ҶЦ֪ĿºᣬҲԼҪһĽ
ԣɴѡŰʮƣΪϼư
ҹº˺ߣҶЦȥıӰЩֹҲЩӡ
ԲŹġߣŸϻؼңȻ£ҾͲˡСѾͷЩ֣漴ֳ˼ǰĲһˣǰֻİķаģȴƵľôˡѵСˣ
СѾͷŽ˼š˻Сȭͷ૵ʵǲУټŬȡ´ο㣡

һߣҶЦͣĸϻؼ
ӭͿιܼĿ⡣
񣬻Ѿǿһ֣һڣ
ζ޷ƵҲζ
壬զˣҶЦһͷˮ
һңҺܲӦ÷
ڣξص̾˿˵¶
û¶û°ҶЦͷƤһĴа¡
㻹û¶㻹ô¡ܼ̾ϢĿⱯ
ϴôôһӣ
˴Ǯ
Ӵһ⼸أ
ⱲӼǻļòƶһˣ
̫ӸǱź˵̫үҪҶһܼۡ̾С˵ȥУȻǱˡ
ܼ۷˷˵ľ֤ݣȷΪ̫ӸҵĴү˵¶ҪǺûϵǲǴ̫³˹ˣ
ҶЦ̯̯֣壬ν׽׽ߣ׽׽˫˵ɱˣûʵ֤ݣ֤֤ʲôģôҲеݰɣƾɶ˵йϵأ˹ˣĽϼҪң̫ӸҲҪңǲʲô˶ң˭˭ˣǲ⻹ûеˣ
ܼҷۣһʱǿѹԼǰС˵Ʒڵغݺһƨɵǿҳ嶯
ߵˣ
Ķĳң˵ûϵŵ
㻹ҪʲôݣҪʲôƾݣ˭
ֻһˣܼȴͻȻ뵽ʲôȻ̧ͷ㶵صԼϵĹӣʵϵֶӡ
԰鲻԰
ΪʲôΪʲôĶǵأ
Ҷòһëûȱأ
ȻˣҶһëûȱǺ£϶Ǻ£ǣɵǣòô˵ͨأ
ƾʲôΪʲô


79 ﷭
ǸĽǰ׵Ծδ
˭ɱأ
ȻҶЦȥ֣̫̿ͣӸֳҶЦȴǰȻɼػˡ
ôɱǵ˭أ
Ȼɱ֣ôĿһµģֳͿ֪жбһ˲ɱ
ǵж˭ǵĿ˭
ѾӹɣҶЦ
ô˭ɱǣ
֮ǰĽǰףʵһ㣬Ҳˣأǿɶ̫ӸľʵǷô׵군ˣһͬһ˲䣬һ군ˣԳߵѶȣҪԱǵ
ô
ܼҴ˿ٿҶЦĿ⣬Ȼʣӡ
ҶЦʵ
ЦЦξܸɴֱӵؽгҶЦС˵ˣǲǡʲôϣ
ϣʲôϣҶЦ㶣ûа
ΪˡξüͷҶЦһ㣬ܷܲϰɣ
ҶЦűӣֻе˵ͷ
һ㣬סˣξˡ
ǿ֧ᣬ۾˵Ϲֻж˵ķݡ
Ϊгɣοҿ㵽ȥʲôزξһ֣ҶЦԺߣһһ߷ԸȥȫԺκ˲ý
ǣʮѪشӦһʱԶ
һʱ䣬Ҷ˸߶Ƚ䱸״̬Ī˵ˣӬӶҪ׽롣

Ժ
ɡξֶһǸֵķ緶Ƶ˵Сӣóȫʵұǡ
ҶЦǳ˳顣
ʲô⣿ȫ֣ҪΪ
ҷ˴žȻģ˵ҪͲҪô벻һӦأ
˼ɣҪ֡ξΪҶЦԥ˵óȫǡ
ȴ֪ҶЦʵ룺ҵʵѵҪȥô˵ҲˣһֱĹǸ׵Ľֵܣ׼Լˡ
룬ڻǾ΢¶Щʵɽ˺üЩףſġ
Ȼȫ¶˵ģȫʩΪǰξԪʦҶЦҲаһغ
µͷ˵ȻˣСֶ͹ˣֻǣҪСˡ
ξЦòΪЦЦһֲ֧ӣǺЦİɣСӣʵǽεĿ죬Ҫ˵ңôҲҪʮ꣡
ҶЦͷһ˵ԭ徹ȸ֣ƽﲻɽ¶ˮģȻ˲¶¶಻ˡ
ξĵͷݼЦ˳²ˣ̵ĳ˵ɡ
ã
ҶЦһӦɣʱ֡
ȴҶЦ·һ磬ˢһֻʣһģĺӰ
ݣ
죬һɲṆ̀˾ȻѾξǰ
ǰʣξ͵һһԲۡ
ĳȻҲ벻ԼֶϮٶȾȻô죬Ƹ˵ϬǴ˿ռƽ⣬˺ƿռХ
ξ˲ʱѾҶЦĹǷæԪ
ֶϵ󣬶˿̵ξǷϵĶսɣȫ벻ĶӾ֮С
ʵҲܹξ̫⣬Ҫ֪ξȻΪнƶʹʵۿۣĿǰΪֻõԪƷʵѣʵʵԪ۷ʵ֮ˣԪ׸ҲϷС
ٵӦԷ̣սսḻޱȡؼӳɣսҶЦʮ㡣
ξĳԣֻҪҶЦĿǰʵʵû֡
ϾξĿеʵʵʵ̫ˣûпɱԣ
ȻʵȴԤеྶͥǲ칲أ
̽ս
ҶЦѼĹƣξӦѾ൱λȫԸǸֶսһʧ󣬾Ʊἴʱʧ⣬ȻξΪθߣȴҲء
ξԪӲҶЦһǵʱٶȴξ
ؿɲǼһ֮࣬ξǴһգ
顭
ԭһ˲֮䣬ҶЦֻһѾξؿڲٴΣ
ˣʤУ
ಣ
ҶЦһվڵϣӻ䣬չ
ۣ
һߵξǱ״ˤ˳ȥֱͦͦķɳ˾ɣ䡱һײΧǽϣأԵŲŵ۾Ŵǽϣôһһ㻬ۡһڵϡ
˵صξԾ죬㶺ǺǵؿҶЦ૵⡭ʲô㡭ҡ
˵ţԼΡΡĴӵ翴һصҶЦ
ξԷģû뵽СӾȻܹôͣ
ղʲô
Լ߻ڹһɸַ緶˼Ҳһ֣Լʹݿĵˡ
̣ԼǽûзӦء
ξֻһͷġˡ˵﷭﷭ȻͨĴֱǣ﷭˴󺣴ۡ
ҶЦһЦȥ˵ƷҲҸողѧģǧƣô壿û˰ɣƷ
ξ࣬૵Ҹղһʱûô׼ãеֲҪҵ׼ˣԲָղʵҴˡȿȡȻʵġҹˤá
ԣԣҶЦ˵ʲôˣղ¿϶ǹҵģˤģҶǵģһ㣬Ҷ֪˵ģ
ξԼʮ궼ûкƤȻĸоЩաССͣΪȴҲܲˣĺܲ
ȴѰ˼ǧƣôô죿òǰʲôط
ת֮䣬ȴ͵ػعҶЦô˵Ľǰ׺ͽɱ֣ɱģ
ҶЦЦЦȴ̸ܶԵ壬طϢ
䲻ԣξȴѾף𾪵ɫһţ漴οĴָСӣ治ҶĶӣֵүǣ
漴һ֣ʲôͣһûô΢ĩΪȻܽҽˤȴҲˡ
ҶЦͷǵȻǿ϶ġ
ξͦǰ棬£˫֣ˣʲôʱʼѧƷ
ǰʱ䰡ֵʱоһͷҶЦȻѻſھ֮ǰڻ˵һѣȻһΣֻͷǲ̸һ㶫֮󣬾飬һоͦͼˡ
ֹѣҶξæסڣһĵҶӲԷǷĪԵԺһҪڼϰй֡㻹ᣬҪ֪Щô


80 ħĿ
ҶЦʾͬͷ
ξ˿ղû˵̫꣬ǱϹȥ̫Ӹ硭Ҳбݡ
ҶЦŵͷãİɣ̫ӸʲôҸɴҲ̫ˣ֤ܹ֪
̫ˡξĿֶӣ̲סҵĿף㡭ȿȿȣȿȿȡ
ҿЦġҶЦæ͡
ȴ뵽ģ̫Ǹԣˣʲôˣ
ξ˵ȥ磬˵ʲôʲôԼգȻôѾ൱ڵԪΪҲŵġǧҪ嶯ôǶţ١
ҶЦƤЦģ֪ء
֪ءξֹһϽ˵ˣûˣҵȥѪǱߵѵһ͵ԽԽˡξҴҶȥǡ
һ治˵ȥˡʲô˰ſڱտھ̫ɱ̫Ҫɱôߵô
Уǡˣ
ԽߣԽϷˡ
Ƕˡһǵľô
Ȼһʮ꣬һڵˡ
ҡһᲱ˵
ҿСǴĶӣˣ˵Ļûȥˡ
ת˸䣬ȷҶЦûиں棬һƨڵϣֻؿһࣺӴҲˡС˵һʮȭؿڣȭȭ⣬һѪ˳ˡͷˡ
࣬һѪҴҹչǽǣһξУһܹܣզˣ˭ˣ
æǰ
ξ࣬һվ˶˵˵ʲô˭ˣǳǣ˭ܴң˭ܴңҸղֻЩ˳Ҫ࡭ʲô񡭡
ѪãȻĵۣͰ͵Ǳ˴˵Ӱϵĳƨ϶С
ξ˵ҴһʱܻסһŤףѾ˶㵽׻᲻˵㡭ֱҪҡҽ̽ôˡôı˰뱲ӣڻһͷһ㡭
ˡ

һߣҶЦŶߵһӦղݸһЦĵĻصԼ䡣
һʱ䣬ͽµõνħ˳
ôҶЦǰһſһ˷룬ʮɵǹɱ¶ص΢Цֻһûд⡭ôܺĹһλʦ
ȻϵεĽҲ̲صܡ
ҪĻڣıܹ֮Ϊħĸ֣жȻΡûв´Ļ
һ룬ģҶЦȫ֮
ɲǼ䣬ͿڣǱķ룬֮Уȴʼܹоһ˿˿
еʡ
ҶЦеĻԾδȥ
Ծɳȥٴ߻𾢡
֮£佥ͬȵһ㡣
ڣʹɵķ棬ɢһӨĹ󣬶һ壬Ҳƺڽڻ䣬¶ص®ɽĿ
֮ڵ£ȴһīȴͬǳһ貵Ĳʣ
زһ˲һڵϢͻȻĵ֡һֳζԲ˼䣡
ҶЦĿעĲʣ˵Ȼϡ⣬Ȼֹ
Ŀ䣬еϸϸķ룬૵ȳɱ¾ϢĲʣ˼䡭ƺֻһֶѣ
Ǿǣħ֣
˵ϰڴ¶溮ɭɭȴֹâ
һɳζϢƲ
ƺԨ֮еĶħڴֻҪһлᣬҪɱ¾䣬£
Ȼħ֣ҶЦһҲֶֻܹڶʱȫĹһλʦȫ˶
ҲΨħֹܹ֮еĽΪ⣬⡣Ϊ֮Ȼųһн
Ҳֻħ֣Ҫڻ֮󣬶ڱһ㣬򣬾ô¶ȥ˽ӴþˣͻǱᣬȫǵħ
Ҳֻħ֣Ķʸ񱻳֮Ϊħ
ҽıĿҵ֣Ҳ˵Ȼҵϣ¾£
ҶЦһ
öħзһȻ޾ռ䡣
ħз룬ȻҲ˽ҶЦŽռССһѽ龫⣬ԥ˹ȥ
ħз롰ˢһԷؽ˽龫֮У
ⲢνİƷȫĳƷֻǡȴҪ־⣬ΪnâΨ˲ܳɾħСΪħУ֣֮ǲġκεĵ⽣ⶼ
ʱħзϵѾʧ
ҶЦһӣȻص
ֻǴʱ棬Ѿϸ⡣
˸Īâ
ͷβȫ覴ãȻɣ
룬ɣ
ȻˣҶЦ¶־΢Ц
ҶЦͿʼܶʼĶѭóһ룬ڻƤ䣬Ȼ󣬽ռ䣬⡭
ΪޣҶЦһҲһöѣʮڷɵΪԶ룬ֽ׶ξǲ
ˣԾǺ㣡
ԭֻڴ˵еռȻܹԼϣⱾѾĸԵȻһһҲѾˣοֻҪʱ䣬ȻԵõȫķ롢ɵ
ؼܽУҶЦĨͷϵĺ
񹦣ҲһδεӵľϬңӵơ
ڲ֮ʮڷɵҲУ
ҶЦרעԼħȻʱ֮ʧ
ûĴģڿռͬˮӿľؼӵ
ԴԴϵĲġ
̣ҶЦľרע̶ȣѾԸӡΪרעȴľﵽ˺ġ˺һĵز
ľҲڷٵš
Ԫħһ޾ռ֮ڵĺѸֲĴģˣȻγһֺ΢ѭòƱȽϳԿ޾ռţֻǸûлر
ҶЦɵȻ죬ȴ֪Ҷ£ͳͳоϸȡ


81 ҶЦ̫
ԭܵҶЦ˲ʩչԪֻ֮ڼСΧ֮ȴҲʹҶ¶Ρ
ֻǣû˷֣ΪҶ£ڽһǿȵĶ
еѪǶڱξһֱѵһп졢䤱ȻûԼôĺʵԭ򡭡
ĳᴩҹŻôһᣬ󺹣ˣ˵ǻҶѪôǺ˼ԳѪôӽ쿪ʼ˳ǿѵһ£´μ黹ģɴԼ̸Ǿ˰ɡ
ʵĳ˵ʵˮ׼βҶ¶ȴѰȵⷢӵβô˴ûᣬѵѵĳЩûɫļһǡ
οôˣʰһ
ҶЦæµһֱ˴賿ҶЦڳһһǰŵһ˸룬ʮɵÿһīȴ⡭
һҹĳɹǵǳԤϣҶЦԭԤ֮УԼһöѾҪ߾ȫʱһö֮࣬ҪһԪܼ
£ڹгжϣͻƻʣɵȴǷϣҶЦԸɡһҹʱ䣬ǲġ
ڳö֮󣬶̶Ҳ٣ټ޾ռ֮к֧ԮҶЦͽһöɵҲˣ˸һʰӶһվǽеķɵȫɣџnâɡ
⣬⣬Ȼ͡
£˸Ĺâ
ƺԵҪ˶ɣ
һΣζ
ħˣ⻹ǲҶЦ°ͣͷϵĺˮ૵ôҲҪαװһµġôڣǰʹãǻкۼ۰
Ҫ޺һı仯ҪɫСȴûУĿǰΪɫҲһʱ
ҶЦ̾ĿǰҲֻʱˡ
˵ţͽԼͷϵͷĴӽ⿪һͷɢ£ǰһ澵ӡ
ҶЦžˣݰף񣬱˫Ƥüë
̫˧ˡһɢͷֱµһӡҶЦţ漴ֽԼͷ°һ͡
ȴһЩķڡ
ӷǶҪȥ˶ģȻɢͷڵģҶЦһȴ÷˲˵Ȼ⽫ͷһƣˡ
ȴǸӷ竹ӵ˵ͷһа
ͺáҶЦžԼ˵׼һ޶Ժˡ㡣
Ц˵ķ㣬ɲǵͷķ㡣
ֻʮ룬һһĴӸλԼķͷڣҲڣοβҲû¶
ͷУɣҲϵ޷졣
ҶЦأͷͷ˲ϰٸЩõ֣󲿷ȴֽŶġ
һͷϾƮƮƮһ˿ͷڷڵĲͬλ
ˡ˾Ϳȷκʱκζ£з֪ķȥҶЦĵͷϧЩ١ҲֻܷʮˡΪܻҪΪɵطġ
ȻҶЦּΪСĵԼѪ͹һرһһ㲻͸ƤһĶȥɲǼͺ񼡷һͱ棬ͿҪĻڣûκεͻۼ
ƤһĹŹֶȴҶЦ⼸˶ֵֹջ񡣲ƤĶ
ֻôҲлٵıŤױ˿Ǵ˿ȴκ˶⡣
Ҳ編ơ
Ȼҽ࣬Ҳһö밲ȥ
ˣѾȥʮ˸롣
ʣ¾ʮ룬ҶЦȡһССңʮʮ˸룬ͳͳӽ޾ռռ֮С
ҵʹãڳһ£˶ĿãͷϣϵȲλЩ룬ΪӦá
ɱȴ޾ռʮ˸һܳ۵Ӧ֣ݵġ
ʮɵͷģҲ޾ռ
ڽЩħʰϣҶЦʼֶȻٽнһĵȵȷԼκζзǵʱ򣬲ͣһƿţֱtȥ
Ϊвһӣ֮ǿõʱ̣ҶЦԲ

һ֮ҶЦ𣬻²t
ӭܼξҶЦҪкͿξһۿžͷһеɶ¶û󣿡
òƿţһ˼תˡ
ҶЦЩЦڡ
λܼҵȤԭԼǹܼҵʱɶ¶Ҫָֻţ壬ȴҪԼܡ
Լһʣףϴ󣬹ӲǰôҲûк
ֻξæôôôզûעأˣӻܼһæҲæɡԶˡ
ҶЦ̲סЦԼλܼ壬̫ɰˡ
ҶЦ˿̵ιܼȻҶЦ޿κΣЩѪ϶Ҫù˭
ת۵磬ҶЦ׼ȥˡ
θ磬ҶЦû̫࣬ͺá
̫ӣ
֣Ц˵ʵֵüǮҲƨƨǿһ㣬ʤһ
˵Цһ̫ĸڽ춯ôҶЦĸڽ콫̫ȫɵ
϶ϲκιǡ
ƨһĶҪйô
ҹĻɲǼ併ٴءҶЦҲڿһ·ƮƮͷƮƮӢٷ̫Ӹõöȥ
·ϣĳ˻һˮʩʩȻȥ
ӭ˴һббЦЦǸȥ
ҶЦЦ̫ӵҸ磬ȥȾȥȥȥû
һɥûҰô㲻ء
ҶЦõöȥ
߳ԶӭһЦЦȥ
˵ܴ޼ɡ
̫ӵҸ磬ҺȾȥҶЦһ
޼ɶʱȻ𾴣̫ӵ㸰磿ʲô
Աߵ˺ܶ࣬Ҷʱ׷ԾĿ⿴ҶЦ̫Ⱦȥۿ
ҶЦЦüɫ裺⻰ʵñˣ̫ӵҸ磬ȻҴ£ֵ֮ȴԶ׼飡
޼һƬ壺ԭˣҶֹȻǹҶ


82 񣬲ɾ
ҶЦֲ֧ʵˣ̫ӵû
޼ɺݺݵķ˸۸ȴһɥûҡ
ҶЦ۹һЦû㰡Ҳûˣ̫ӵ¾ֻԼһ˰۹̫ӵ¹ȻǺг⡭
޼һɫǰǰ̫ӵºܿ㡭
۹ҶЦȥһ·ĵĵġ
Ǻһ·ϼ˶֪ˡҶҵĴүҶЦ̫үȥȾˡԼӦһЩôĹҴ¡
Ϊʲô̫ү竺ȾأǿǾٰĻɫʲôҴ¡
У㶮ëǸⲻ٣Ҷ󽫾ɲ竰
˵Ҳǡ
˵̫үҶЦȾƣ᲻б˼أҶЦȻ竣治˵
ǡͺǺǺǡ˵ˡ
Ŷ˵һȷǲ˵۹
źźߡ

̫ӸС
̫һأţĿԵýοˣ
ҶЦϾˣ̫۾ĺ⡣
Լĸ磬ˡ
ҶЦ߲ǡ
ȴʼΪҶЦ
УżǰȴҶҾ˰˸
ȻĽϼڳȫûøɸɾ
Ѫܲ
Ͼ̫üʼĩԵɽϱȻˮʯ㲻ż
ʼĩԵҲܣҶЦҪ̫ɱݴ˼ȻЩŤȻҶЦѾ޵˹ͷ
˰ɣ̫Ӳõ˵黹ûףδؾҶЦɵģģҲûʵ
Ҳܣ㲻ɵģҲ̫ҧ
̫ӷšüģһգֱ
ҸôĽϼ弸ʮôǣǣôУҵĸô̫š
̫̾˿͵͵૵Ѿˡת˳ȥ
ڼҪ߳ſڵʱͻȻ̫ӵ£ҶЦ̫Ӹ߹ֻһ·ϵ̫ӵȾƣҪֹҴ¡Ŀǰ߹еط˶֪ˣҶЦҪ̫ӸȾƣֹҴ¡

̫үһģɫʱЩ࣬ˣ
̫СڣҲƺǱϢŵˡ
ҶЦҲʵ̫ճ˰ɣ
ûôأȻѾ½֪ˡ
ȫ£ϢͨʲôģǳŶģ֪Ϣˣ
Ⱦƣ
ţҪ㸰Ⱦưɣɶʱ˵ֹҴˣ竰ܼӣҸӵĹҴ£ǵ͹˱̫ӵˣûأ
̫ߡ
ҶЦǿɶѵΪôɢһҥԣǾͲܶô˲ɣΪ˭̫溬ɷеɱ˿ҲΡ
ǻ治ܶôˣҶΨһݣ㹻ˡ̫ͷʹüġ
һǱͲ֮ܶΣҶЦֻи˰ĲԣֻҪⶨ
̫ӵĿЦߵ治СˡôһȴѾĪš
˵̫һ飬иһ뷨ֻ˵ҶЦһʵûӣǺӵ˵
ڵԣһĿȻ֪Ȼ֪Ϊʲôǲ֪ˣȴΪǻôôֱ۵뷨£󽫵ĶӣҪʲô϶Ǳߣ϶Ҳйע顣
̫ӺٺһЦλҶһ򣬿νϿƺǱԷܹٺܹʣҫʵѹͲô£Ҹ൱̶ǵķգǵȷԼеİȻȷн⡭İ취ɲһܹõóġ
̫ü⣿ҵҪλҶЦҶӣһʲôǵ̫Ӹε⣡
̫仰ҧ˵ġ

ֻƬ̣
̫ӵ£ҶЦҶӣѾſڡ
̫Ӿһ񣬵򿪹ţҶӽӭӡ
̫һҲȥ
̫̫ͬʱӭٶ˵ǸҶЦӡ
⣬ȴ־ԲΪ˸ӡ
վſڵȺ֮ʣȴһ¹ӣǳɧش
·£λ¹һ·ҡҡڰڣƺҪŬһҺܳȡзʡҳ費ƣĵȴ̲סֹҫĸо
˸һδû뵽̫ӵ»ҳԷʵҲ֮е飬Ȼ顭ʫ飬սһͨӰټңһһֱز¶ˡΪӢ֮أһֻ鰵Ͷû뵽̫ӵȴǶ߻ۣʶӢţӢﶼǻᱻֵģƽǻᷢһ㣬۹
ƺ֡ȴҲֲۿžƮƮȻƮֻ⼸仰ȥ뵽ʲôС
¡ǿû⻹ţֱӾˡ
̫ӵˡ
㻹ʫ飿ȻսӰټһͨ
Ҳ˵ʲôز¶
㡭Ӣţ
ƨƽǻᷢġ
֪̫ӵ²ñֿڣǣʵ̲סˣ
Աߵ̫ϱҲĳ鴤
ӵһˣɱҸ磿˵ҸΪ
⡭òеԩ
˽ߵýˣڿλ˵еҶӾ峤ʲôˡ
ֻͷһڣƺҪǾİˣȴôᡭеᣬú֡
ôôŤ֡
ͷҲûȫһƣ磻˳մƮƮһаʡ
ֻײķ̫ͣӺ̫о
ŹķͣĿ˵ǡһˣ
ٿ˧ӢüޣǣС촽ĺġ
һ£ƮݳߵôԵİүӻҪػζĻ͸ӵ˧ˡ
Ҷӡֵ̧̧̫֣Ϊʾ⡣
̫ӣ̫ӵ£Ŵ׹һҡҶЦĹ֣ЦݣνΣѼģ嵴ʶҳ̫ӵܹȷƮҡʱҹʲôҪģһ֪޲޲Ȼ߾ܵΪ̫ӵǽѡ
ҶֿϿңһɡʿΪ֪ҵ֪̬֮ȡ
Ȼ̧֣һˮ̫ӵ£״μ棬񲻳ɾ⣬Щˮ̫ӵˣ׻˵Ҫ񡭡ǺǣҳͦʣԴ࣬óԵúܡ̫ӵЦɡ


83 ޳һΣ
ҶЦŵһӻƹϣѣƻ̫Ӹ˶ʱľ
⡭
ôΪͨսַھӴأôǮĶŵõ̫Ӹ񣿣
ȻҪ̫ӵ¡Цɣ
Цͷɣ
̫ӵֻоԼϵļЩҪڳһЦݣȻǰڲ˳ǣҶ
̫ӵ仰ɾͼˡҶˬʵشЦţһҲԼˣòƺؽˮһߵһȥ̫ӵǺö
бɵŻһˮֻýҲǲҲǡ
ֻҶЦѾתͷ̫ӵ̸ЦЦ˵ҼȻѾˣǿ϶Ҫȥġ֪̫ӵ׼ʲôþơ
һ˵һߺ̧žͽţ׻˵úã֮£Ī֮Īʼеڣʲôþƣʲôòˣʲôɽ亣ζ޾˵Ƕúܣһ˵̫ӵҪͣ翪ʼûԷǴŶӵһٵĵأνԸҡҲҪ󱥿ڸ
ĳò߽˲ſ̫ĴڣȴǼʱΪ֮ޣһһ˫۾Ķ̫ϣޣ̫ɡǺǣҶЦˣ̫ӵǺø˵̫ǾǵĵһŮһȻ鴫ʤƯǺǺǺ̫ӵ޸ǳ
һ˵һ۾̫޼ɵ´ţһɫԵӣƺǿŮһͷ
ҿأأ¿һֱţȻٴϿ
Ҷһ̵ɣֱӾǵ¥ֻû˵һ䣺ѹϸĿˣ仰ǲأ
ȻҶУֻ˵Ρܹװôɫ٬ӣ˵Ѿܲס
̫״ü̲סЩ˵Ҷӣء
̫ӵϴʱҲ¶õɫ
ҶЦôôĲ֪أ
̫ʲôˣµĴڣ
ҶЦ˿Ϊ⣬Цſڵ̫ӵ³ǰǾһˣ̫ٺ١㳤Ư̫Ĳӣȴ룺ôϸĲӣָһŤҲͶ˰ɣ
Աߵһ̫ӸǣҲϸֳŭɫɱ
쵰ĸͬΪһˣ˵һǲ֪䣻̫ӸȻĵϷ̫Ҳ̫Ŀˣ޼ɵ˰ɣ
ǵ첻֪
ҶӡһƳ׵ĿҶЦ̫Ӹؽ磬빫ӷЩ
ҶЦǲΪ⣬ʩʩȻתͷһЦô£ô£룬룬λǧҪ˵λԼȴʲãһؽȥˡ
ſڼˣ̫̫Լ̫ӵļĸÿ˶һĵơ
˶Ǽʶ֮γûм޳ܵģȴûܹ޳ܽеôĻɫ
޳ܣѾӽ
Ȼˣˣ˱ˣ޳֮ϸ޳ܣ
֪ߵغ֮޳֪֮ͽҡҡͷһĲм֮
Ƿ׷̾ϢͷǸоô̱ôһ竣ʵǴ۵飬治֪̫ӵôġ
һʿҶЦһ𣬼ֱѩΧһ̯㡭
ʵɷ羰֮
Ψһ߷Ӧб𣬽üͷ̾Ϣһ˼ȴһָоҶӣֻ·֪Ҳ޳ܡ
һ֣аգûн˿޷ƿص޼ɵ
뷨ȴֻһ˵ĸо£ȴǲ˵ġ
ֻڶСʻ괬Ҫٹ۲һ¡ҶЦƾʲôô񣿡
˵ɣں˽ȥ
ʱȴͻȻһ¡
ҶЦ˿Լŵλȴվλһ˵ǣ
̫ӵϯңµĹԱߣ˺ڽ˵
˵λǣҶЦʱתĿꡣ
ҽТһС䣬ҶҲû˵Т˵
˵Тȴǳʵ۹ĴӣеԪУޣ˾ȴԪ֮ˣΨյһϣδϹ⣬״Ԫ֮λʧۣ֮ðۣ˹ȻŻ磬ȴխرΪʵϲԲδ볯Ϊ١ȴ̫˵ͷʵС
˵Ҷû˵˵һ̧۵ǫȴǡҾͲ㵱û˵
û뵽ҶЦԵͷȷʵû˵ڼС䣬֪֮Ǻǡ
㣡Тʱֻоͷһ£ŭĿԲ
ֻǫ뵽ӭôһĻ
ǡҶЦѾ͵ТѾתͷѯһˡ
˽ϯ߰˸˾һ֮ҶЦ˵⵹ˡ̫үƺǴϯΨһˣǶ̫Ӹˣȴ棿棿̫ӵ¾ôʿⲻɽ⣬˼飡
Ҷҡͷƺ̫ӵµǼΪ˴ǲ⣬һ֡˷ֵұЧ̾
仰˵ڳ˵涼޲ýסᵽ
ʿ㣿
ⲻɽ⣬˼飿
ﲻɽ⣬ﲻ˼ˣ
ϣһ˵òҲģǶԼˣһһǿˣһǱģ棬ⲻʰɣ
ҶЦֱ׳ġ˵ȻѾ̫Ӹ˵Ĺߣһŭӯ̫ӱҲΪ֮ᡣ
Ϊʿ̫ӵ£ˡ˱ǳˣγһֹ֮ǰôΣȴмǰϵλ
Щˣȷʵ̫Ӹ䱾һ̳һʿѰȻǳеҲΣνһֲĵԹѧļһȻһë
ǣȴֲ˵ΪҶЦĵòţǿȴǱ粻ģֻиεķݣ
ҶЦ˾ŭĿӣȴ˿ڣ䳡״̬֮С
˲˵ȴζĳ˲˵
ûⰡû⣬ĵû⡣ҶЦҡͷԣ̾Ϣô˵Ҳ̫ӵ³֮ˣţԣս󣬾γ֮ţ֮֮ȻҲòʲô˵
ŭҶЦ֮࣬ȴƣղŵͣʲô˼һת֮ʣȻȻһ˵֮ʱ򣬾һʲôֻ˵֮


84 ʦ
ڳ˾Ǳʫ֮ʿ֮ˣȻһ˵һʱҲͣ٣ͻȻʵҶЦȱʧȴ֪äڣһתָͬǧǱһʧࡣ
ǰ⻹һӾ˸Ϊε֮С
ٳƬ֮߹վǺһЦǹ̫ӵ˵仰񣬻˵ˣȻҲ͸ȥˡҶӣλãΪģֻǸղŴûпλϲԽΪܣʵڲ;վռ˹ӵΪ㲻һɹ
Ȼϵת˹
ҶЦһЦҲûмôʵ˹ȥ
λã̫ӵ²һɡ
ҶЦ֮ԻôȻǵȡ֣Ҷڹ᳹ԼеһҪ˵ҶӲӷַӾӣ
µҶЦﻹʲô̫Ӳ̫ӡ
λãȴǳѵλãȻҶӴ˼ʱɵıλϳ֣ҶЦҵеĴʦͬʱڳҲ̫ӵµ
֪棬ȻôӴ治뷨
ˣҲֻ䣬ٷ׷
ƹѲ˹ζ̫ӿһ
˶ͣ˿ӣ֪Ϸˣ׷ײۿⳡϷ
ΨҶԾ̻ʣץסϵζȴãǸӾʼչĵø߸ߵΣһǰϼӹ֮вȼʱͻһ飬ǻȳĿǽ塣
˿̵ҶүѾһǧĶͻȻԳһٱԺˡ
̫ӵ֮žΨҶЦо׽Ĵ̶󡭡
˾۾۵ŭΡ
ҶЦ״òƻȻһ㣬ʱͣס˹Ĺҵӣڳݲ˵ǡԱˣǰɡҾͲˡ
˵գɴվԼԶһ̷˹һ㣺˿ǺóԵýƫƫŵôԶһûóأóá
ġ̶ġ
áʣô
ĸпֿ֮࣬һζ磡
̫ߣڿڵҶӣлҪ˵
ҶЦȻѾһŽڨڨķ˿ӣΣȻ̫ӵлҪ˵ҶҪˡһҲûЩƽ׵ĸ̫ӵ¶ˣǻǰ
˵һ첱ӣǿȥ
λ޲ýǰҵȥ
˭ˣ
һĳԺòã
Ȼ˺ڰĴʴʣʵ
ĻʳôҲӦùȥɣôͰСŪ˶Ͷ̥һ㣿
̫ӽü𣬳ţȻȻ¶һɲŭơ
˶ǳţȻоɽ¥ѹһλߵϡвס̫̾ӵ£Ȼǳ˻ʡ
ҶЦȴĵķŰۣעĿǰһ̳㶣滹һ򣬻һֻצӣϲЩˡһצѾҵĶӣһֻɷɲҪֻźá
УһֻҲ߲·һֻצҲҪԵġ
̫ӵνġϡҶЦ˵һƨ
Цǰ֪λȨصЩһü캮ضѩ죬һʯ쾪ﳾ
̫ӵڵνȣЩȡƨ㲻ϣ
ҶЦ˶Уܽһ̫ӵЩ΢Ϸϣ
ֻ̫ӳ֪̫Ӹʱ䣬Щ̫ƽкܶ಻÷飬ʱ﷢ˡ
˵̾˿ȴʱס죬ûм˵ȥ
һԵТͷϻ磬̫ӵµĵλɽʱȴΪЩ顭ǵԮӣƾ鷳治֪λʼٸߴʲôġ
һſڣҪſ˵ȴʱס죬ЩȻĿһۡ
ʱ򣬱Ӧǹ˵һһҶЦĳξصģТô˵ˣ
һ˵ȻͲ˵ˡֻôȥ
̫ӵҲЩüͷ
һЦ¶֮ˣ˿»֪жô⡣
Т飬ȻѾˣǼʵȻй֮ȻȻԵɣȻʼԴͷҶӣΪΣ
֮ǰһֱ˵ȴûκ˽Ŀ⿴ҶЦϡ
Тһ仰˼߰˸˵ķĿ⣬ͬʱƶҶЦϡ
ҶЦԴȫͷ̫ӸشȻıڣ̫ӵ£֪˭ڶԸ㣿ֻҪ˵˭˭˭ܶԷ˭Ҷһ٣Ϊ̫ӵ³̫ӵʢˣЧΪ֮ɣ
һȻһ
ЩѾ桢ߵģ˿Ҳһӱסˡ
ɶף
Ǵ˵ô࣬ѾľȻ֪˵˭
һﵽʲôԴ
̫ӵüͷ壬ȴԾûпڡ
Ҷӣ˺αװɵأТĿ⿴ҶЦǺû˼ν˲£ҶôȴǺΪҶ󽫾
ҶЦʱ۾кһʲô˼
Ҷ󽫾Ӣһһ֪ҶҲҪס󽫾վֻǴ󽫾⳽ʵ۹ȴǴ󽫾˵ġ
֮⣬ʵ۱£Ȩϣ
ТĿǺЦ
仰ܶȴҲܹ
Ȼǽһжŵ̨ϣ鼸תأ
ȴЩü
˵̫ӵµ飬ɲ˵Ȩ˿ֻвҶЦӰ䵽Ҷ󽫾ȴΪǣТƽǳȣˡ
Т˿̳ͱ֮ԣȴһƹʡ
ТԪΨԣ۹ݲΪʵϲ״Ԫ֮λʧۣ֮롰סѻ
˾ȻŻˣȴǼΪխǲʧڵ֮󣬴ʴʣֱָʵۼʶǳ飬ͽӳⱾ˽˵Ļȴϱʱǵմŭ
оΪʵּһʥּ֮¼á
ТɣȴֶͶĴ㣬׼߾ȹͼ
ʱľӣȻǱսԺգѡ
ǵҵҶ£ϣͼһıʿְ֮ʱҶֱӾܾ㲻һĲ䲻ıƵһȻҪұѪӣ¼жһƥȺ֮
˺󣬸׸ԣС
£Т֮Ϊܴ裡ºշշתתű̫ӣĻš
ǰ;;ͨĴòӣ˿ȴΪĻţвȻϵ¡
ТȻҲ˵ʵ۱ʲôȴеԹҶϡ


85 ޷Ц
ТΪԼһ;ѣΪҶԼʵ
˿̣̫ӸϣҶЦڴˣһ侮ʯĴû᣻Ȳ˹ĵĻȻȻľͽľ˷˳ⷢӡ
򲻿ȦתĶӵز
ŶԸҶЦѹҶ죬̫ӶҶ˵ĸ֪̫ӵǻ֮ҶųնǲԸ
Դ˵ƣҲ̲ˣҶЦֻҪǲ̫ӡ̫ӣӻȨ췴
öñӣ۾Ϳȥ
ǧ㣬ȴһ£ҶЦǲȨǡѹû̫ӷңҶڻʵеҪԣӲ֪㡣
ҶЦȻ֪е۵ʣȴҲԸоТԴԼͶԼĪĵ⡣˵ϣЦƢǻȥǲĹ¡
ҶЦٺһЦ˵СТǰɡװװɵ˵Ŀɲ㣻ûб˼ҲȨôûʸۣУ󽫾βΣԹôǸʲôŲֻҪٶ˵һ仰ҶҲҾʬǣţ߲죬ҲһҲ˵Ŷ
󽫾ΣҲҿԿ϶һ£һˣڴ󽫾Уֻ»һһֻӥν޲磬ǣ
ҶЦЦţ۾ƽ͵ĿТ䵭˵ҪӻôҲҪҸİɣС䣬ɫҲңǿЦЦ𱰴С֪Ļɫѹֱµĳ¼ã
ȻǹϲϯҶЦ˵˵ǹ蹷ĪΪ˵ĹҧˣĳԵõͷô
вҡ̫ӵ¶ûô㲻Ϊ̫ӵ»ţưɣ̫ӵҪһҪͿؽ뵽ԷȵС䡭ôģϽӱ죬һҡβȥ
һϺȣѻȸҼȻ
˼˭Ҳ벻λ֮һҶЦӣȻ̫ϯ֮ǰֱӾͺ޻ٺΰڿåֶΣƿڴ޹˼ɣ
ңǵ̫ӵ棬̫ı
ТƤǣݺݵضҶЦһ̣еŭһҪɱĳ嶯
ҶЦһвȻֽϵףһγ鳰˵һϲĹȹ硭
Т˼ŭӯģƣпܣ뽫ҶЦʬΣйͷ֮ޣϧֻ룬򲻸ҵ涯ġ
һҶЦݰᶯ˵̫̫ͣӸϡȻԹ̫ӵûз֮ǰТҲǲ˿ҶЦղŵ˵治Ц
ҶҪТ˼ǻһҲѵ飬Ȼº˽ҳʲô˻ΪһˣҶأ
Тɲ̫Ӵ˸簡
ТǷߺѼȴ޿κΣֻúݺݵĵҶЦҶ仰Тסˣɽˮ꣬պз
ơҶЦŵһָͷЦ˰ȲԣˣȻҲֻǼסˡסʲôˣõȵպзˣТӽվ͸һҸ棡ţһмӽյҸ棡
Тɫݵ˵֪ҶкνԣҶӴ£ĳڴϴزһ
ҶЦ˳ֳǰһצӾϣʱͺһҸǡȻѡ˵һҪΪһľ򣡸ԵʱйͷԣҲֻܿš
ЦţеʱˡˣҲƤ¾ƣôҹȥ
ТҰף漴תѪ죬ת˲ȴȫѪɫȻһ̣Ѿ˼
ֻǣڳȴûһͬ顣
ԭһжԼҵġ
ΪҶĶǸ竣ҪмһԱվԹȴû뵽Խ竣˵ֶξԽǳԤϣң
ߣ˺֮

ҪҶЦʦʱҶЦȴǰȱˡ
һǱң˲أ˵޼ɵ
צͶТϣֹµµصڵϣžһ춯ҶЦòЩϧ̾˿úõһצӣڹϣʹ̣ˣˣùͷñЩ
ТһͻȻ汼˳ȥ
ٶһƬž֮С
̫ӵºڿڳҶЦӣϬԴʣúֶΣֻδ̫·˰ɡ
ҶЦһЦ̫ӵˣ֮ν̫ӵ½ѵһѣССЧͣա̫ӵ
̫˵Тǹҵıҵֵһ㣡
仰˵˶һů
̫ӵ¹Ȼ̫ӵ££Ȼֺꡣ
仰Щ£Ҳˡ
ҶЦС͡һٺٴЦǹֵܣˣ֪ͬһĻɫ̫ӵµֵܣšֵһ㡭ˣֻ̫ӵ£ղʱôֹأһôҲ̫ӵһӣοǸС䣬Ҳ鼸֣ţ̫ӵʼҲڣǷ⣬ʵҲΪ˵ĻԣܲϲŲֹҲǣ
̫ˮһʱȻ
оǣղܳȥʱضأҶЦֵܡôԴֵô
ɫ˵ҶӣΪɫ
ٵȻɣΪһû˵ꡣҶЦУ̫ӵ¸ղᵽֵܣҾЩҪЦˡǰȥˣ񲻶ֵܣֵܣ
ֵ֮䣬Ҫһ˵Тֵܣٺ١ֵֻܣѪ׵ֵȴΣȴĲˣ
ҶЦһЦ
Ƥġ˿˵Ȼ޹˼ɣ
ӿʼˣĲףȻ泹״ݻ٣֮Тղŵ˵Ҫȥþתأ
Ծ
ҶЦ޼ɵ޷ĵز
̫Ӵ˿̵ɫˡ
˫ϵ׾ѣ
Ҳ̲סһ
Ҫ֪ҶЦղⷬǽ̫£ĵα߰쾡£˿أ
˾Ĭһ£ͻȻһ׷ָ𣺡ˣ˵ģ
̫ӵʴȶغ壬ôˣ
ſڴƻ̫ӵ£
ҶЦѵҪ췴ô
ӿָҶЦٳҲû̫ҲڿҶЦ˵
ĵĿӡȻȷ
̫ӵĿأ֣أԼһ˿˿ܻ
ҶЦĿ⣬ȴͬˮ̶һƬƽ֮࣬䡣


86 ν࣬˼ô
ҶӣҵЩС㡣̫ӵ̾һ
ԤϣҶЦ˵̫֮ӲûմŭһӦ̾һ
Ϊû˸߿ң̫ӵҲδ⣬Ҳ֮СҶЦ˵
ʼҵĴ̫˵仰ʱЩûڡ
ǵģǰûڡ
ΪڿȷҶЦǴ֮еǰ竡
һ֮ǰǸ룬ҶЦǵûӣ̫ˣ
ֶΣƺåо֣ʵÿһԼĿڡ
ÿһγУÿһ仰Ϭ֮
һ˲ţǳԾڶ˵ϵλȨصĽȴĪߵԼĶϡ
һߵڣߵ죬Լ̫ӸУԼʽ̯ƣѣ
˫תأֻʤһ;
̫ӵ뵽ԴҶЦ߽Ƕʲô鶼ں̬ȣǹ޼ɵ˵·ʽһʾԼҾѵģ
ֻǣǰЩʱƻǿԷתģϾʱջǻ͵ġصġ
ֻҪԼȶ룬ܻͣת
ǣԼȫûʶ
һߵڣԼڽìͷֱӶ׼ҶЦҲͬʱҶЦֱӽ׼Լ
ˣ˫Ѿûа㻺͵أ
һߵĹ೤̾һܹ̫Ӵ˿еİûڣ
ǾһĪʧС
̫˵һ븸ʶã츸ʵܺã˵һζĻ򱱽ɱҶʮǣ
˭
Ҷ죡
Ҷ˭ҶЦĸף
ʱҶƱѾꣻȻ̫ƽ¡
ʱԼ̵ܺᵽ仰⡣
ڣԼȴ֪ˡ
Ҷ֮ǰıķѣ۹ţԱΪܡ۹Ϊ˱鳶ƤԱ
۹󲿷Ǯ˱棬׽⣬֧
Ҷһȥʱһ˿ԽĴɽֲ
ӴˣսҲκ
Щ꣬ѹøʴı˸һ棡
Ҷ˳̶ȣҶЦأ
ҶΨһĶӣ
Ҷ£֮ʦ֮죬Ȼǵ͵ľӢۣпܰһ裬ơ
ǰҶЦȴһиɻĸо
иɻֻڹάǻС˵Ĵʾ䣬̫ӵȴڴʱǰҶЦϵ
ҶЦû׵Ӣᡣ
ΪĿģˣ޳ܣҲǿƣԡ
֮ܶһУΪԼȷԼʢ˥
̫һȻ֮󣬶ҶЦȫʶ
һΣյˣ
һָо˵򱱽ԸǶʮꡣǽҶЦΪãմһʲô
ֻϧ˫Ȼˡ
ϧɺ޵ǡ
ƫƫھ֮󣬲ſҶЦֵ
ΪУΪǣ˲ǵ飬Լһɵģ
̫ӿҶЦзڳ̾һ
ߵĹģҲ̾һ
ϧ֮⡣
Ϊʲô֮ǰ벻أ
ǰ֮˵ֻһӵܣôĵ̫ӸаԵ޼ɵ
ҶĶӣҶΨһĶӣôһ竰ܼӣ
ҶЦϣܸһ̫͡ӻӻ֣˶˳ȥ
ŮǰʰȥѸȥ
ֻ¹ߡ
ҶЦü֪̫ͣӵҪҸʲô͡
̫ӺǺһЦһ̵ЦݾȻƽҪ֪Ľǰ֮㵽ûйϵ
¶ƣ룬Լһ޿κεᷳʵ֪һ竣Ҳδػ㡭Ϊϣž޴ļֵʱһȴΪһЩһЩ¶ɼ
ĵҲ¶һ˿Ц
ǡŮڸ桭Ů˸飬ע飬Ҳ㲻òܵʱ򡭡
̫̾˿ʱŮ˵飬֮鶼ɡǣŮˣұ㻹ǲ߲ܶ֡
ҶЦͬ˵˵ʲôĺס
Ҫ֪ࡣ̧̫ͷҶЦҪһ
ҶЦٺһЦ˵ࣿνôǺҪʲô֮࣬ǰû࣬ѵǾûжôҵһϿɵûϵŹô
̫ĬȻ
ԣνֻ࣬ʱԱǼ̤ĶˣҶЦЦ˵̫ӵ£ڸ˵˾ɱģͬģڸ˵˲ɱģ𣿡
ףǲɱĶã㶼Źң𣿡ҶЦЦһԣĲףǵʲôȴ֪һ£Ǿǡʲô
Ŷȴ֪ҶУʲôء̫Ŀ𽥵
ҪģҪһκ˶ëɣɱҡңɣҵĸףӿ֮ԷУҸ״־־Ӱɣ
ҶЦһѪĵҵһֱûֻʱûҵѡ
̫ӿЦ
ҽ̫ӸѾסɣѾҵˡҶЦݱ䡣
ǵģҶ˵ˣȷʵҵˣӦҶɡ̫ӵͷ
ҶЦЦֻһ㲻ףΪʲôҪأ
̫üʲô˼
֮ǰֶζԸң֤ûаɣҶЦЦݼڽǻǶˡƫƫɱȴҪɣǺܷ̣
νǲҪɣˣҸҪΪұĻΪһνɶôҶЦЦţ̫ӵµ۾ҷǳһ¡ҸҪΪұĻƾ̫ӵ¡£Ҳסġ
ΪһӵĶӣҶЦ˵仰˵Ƿǳ뾭ѵǴ治
ҶЦȴּһ仰ȥ㶮ã˵˼ԣǸô
̫üͷĿһâ
ǵģá
Ҷ쵱ʵ۹Ϊ˾ӡ֮ε۹󽫾ְҲΪҶЦ
۹ʵ۵Ľֵλү£˻߲֪̫ӵ֪ܲ
Ҷ쵱ΪĶӣ¾ǧΪնȡҩġ
ǽҶĶˡ
ҶҲûʲôҪɵһ̫ӵ£ͲǸһ򲻸ҵ⣬ֻ벻ˣ
ңǿģ
ǵģֻҪ룡
ԣЩ飬ʵǺܶģû塣ҶЦ۾̫ӵ£Ψһʼ飬ſȷֶΡ
̫ӵüһʼ飿˵Ľϼ鷳
ҶЦЦֻɫȴҲɭ


87 Ҳ㶯
ҶЦϱЦ
˵һʼ飬ǡԼǰǸĽҶЦж飡
̫ӵ´˼ʻװͿˡ
ôҶЦ׼Ź
ΨаǸҶЦ˳һִŻʧ
ǲǰҶЦִҲҶЦԼִ
˼ô̫૵˵һ䣬ͻȻЦӦǺû˼ǡԡһιҶǰһԹİ취
ҶЦƤ̫ӵҶĳǰиأαع֮ʵʲô
ܼ򵥣һս׽ζԹ̫ЩεüͷƽĶۣʵڲֽķʽε⣬Ҳ֪Щó÷ʽǽ˵ģһ䶷ð취ķȴѾǵǰѵĽʽ
ҶЦԵͷʾ˵ǰԣ̫ӵ㵱˻ʵۣ򣬶ҵȨƾԳ÷ʽǾƽҵġ
̫Ŀкâʢ
һһӣίʵں²죬ĸ󻼣ǳɣ
ҶЦʵ̫ӵ྿ΣʱչңҲڻھǺܷ⡣
仰˵꣬ҶЦ㲻˵
̫ӵҶӣԭڹУζԹĽһ֡ڹҶҶΪּڣǱ˴˶Ѿе·ֻʣһ֡
תͷ˿ߵĹүӣֻҪҶش˹ƽһսһս֮˭ʤ˭¶Թôİɣ˵ʵڻ
ֿ̫ҶЦ̾һҶӣҶ󽫾ҲҪֻҪ¹̬šҲ׷ȥӣοץסԹ಻ţ
ҶЦüͷһ壬Ȼ̫ߵĹġ
Դ̫ˣֻүӿʼҶЦʶλүòƺܲ򵥣һĸ֣
ֻҪڣܹ̫ӵηİȫУ
ҶЦǰ֪ʢڳʵ۹νӱϿҲһʫ飬ѬѬŵϷӡ
ˣ߿絶Դ罣˵ɱòɲóɣ
ǣҶЦһս̧ľȻλϷӡ̫ȻǲôϹȻһλز¶ѧ֣
ʣίʵǳҶЦԤ֮⡣
ת֮䣬ҶЦһӾͳ˾裡
ΪȲûиоκβԾĵط
ҶЦӦȻȫûиоͷϴевԣôֻһܣһֽͣǾǣĵΪҪԶԶظڴ˿̵ҶЦ
ΪӦõԪεΪ
ҲǡԪ
֮ҶЦԵģһԪεǿߣңܹ̫Ӱ̫Ӹ˳ֵΣݾԲһ㡣
пܡһλԪʦĳ֣
Ԫʦĸ֣㼸ѾǺ½ǿĴڣ
ҶЦвɵʹ
ҹ·ڼ˹ƾձĳôһ϶
ЦеؿҶЦϾһЦ⣬̫ӵΪ˿ҪϢˣ۾ƽϢ£ôϷҲֻûһϹͷҶˣζԹһţҶӣһսǵ㵽ΪֹɣҲ̫ǣϷӣ˵ľͷеġ
һϣҶҲҪ˵ʲôԼ书ûΪ֮ĻǺǣ۲ҶӵΪֻѾԪƷϰɣԪ磬ҲֻһŰˡԹӴ˼ͶۣӢţȮӰ
ҶЦϷӹˡ
ҶЦΪٵķţڱϢȻ˵ѾϢڣȴҲ˲죬ľһҶЦΪʵ
ȻûȫҶЦȫʵΪҶЦֻԪƷϵˮ׼ȴίʵѾҶЦĵһˣ
̫ӵ˵ġֻһ̬һս˽ԹҶ󽫾Ҳ˺桯֮ĻҶЦȴһҲŵġ
Ĵֻô򵥣ֺαؽǰ
ֻҪϢģô鷳
ţڹ˵ġ㵽ΪֹҶЦӵ֮Աǣ
仰ˣǾǡɵƵϿ
㵽Ϊֹ
ҶЦѰ˼仰ҲδȫȻ棬ô˵Ҳǲ̫ӸĿŵذԼģα֮ڱϣ˫ԹȫԼû̫߳Ӹ²Բսᡣ
Ҳ˵ԷӪһûԼɱֵļ
־ԲôŹԼһп϶ɱԼΪĿġ
һ˫ر׼ǻìˡ
еìܣе⣬Ҫȫڡ㵽Ϊֹĸˡ
ط˵úãҵ㵽Ϊֹ˺ò̫ӵģϷ⣬ҶЦ֮ɡҶЦһҺƽ˵ֻϷټ꣬ϲԽΪܣο䶷֮ͣҶЦΪǳһһֲ˹Ϸӵ
ҶЦһ̫ӵº͹Ϸͬʱסˡ
ɶף
˵ɶף
˵Ϸ䶷
һСİѹϷӸ
ʲô˰ô˼˵أ
ϷӺ˵ãһ֮£漴££̫ӵ½ѿԴ˷ʽ˶϶Թ֧ż£Ҳ޷ҵ㵽Ϊֹ㵽Ϊֹ
ҶЦǺһ֣вУ䶷ϷߵѫʤǲڻҶĳ˻Ҫȥģǵȶֱ˵֪֪״̫ӵ½ڴٳɣ֪ĻΪҶЦ۸˼ҡ֮䶷ǾƲеģ
̫ӵ¡Ϸٶɵۣɶģڵ㱻˵ɰ׵ģ˵޳̶̫ܳû˰ɣ
ϷӳҶӣҲ˵˽ձȶ̫ӵ´ٳɣѿȶ֮¶޸Ŀܣ൱浱ùȭţˣаԹԡ
ҶЦЦ˿δٶȿڵϷҷſģҶĳȻȲΥ̫˵Ľʽ಻򶷣˵ˣôµءһ͡
ŭЦ֪Ҷкΰ취һãϴ
ҶЦЦֹһãһãһٶҲˣҵİ취ȻϷ⣬µ飡
Ĵ˼Ȼĳ˵޳Դ̼еסˣٶȳԸ꣡
ҶЦҵȻϷӳ⣬Ϸʢȶ壬Īǹལ˽Ե
ǹལԲһ㶡
νǹལ˵һУȻ˵ôȻү˵ӦƽⷴҲˡ˵ƽ⣬ѭʤ
̫ӶΪ֮ᡣ
ȥСҶЦ޳̶ܳȡ


88 ǧս
ҶЦĳ⣺ӣҾֻǶ죬Ǳȵ㵽Ϊֹðȫ
˺ϲԽΪܣϷ֮У˿ͷӮʤܣٲ˻ռϷӵıˣ֮ⷬ˴˶ԹȫޣǽԴϲ
̫㶵Ŀļһ˵
˵㵽Ϊֹ㻹ˣ
ս
ó
˵˵ȥȻռıˣ
ǺǡҶӵ뷨ȻȤ취ҲȷС΢Ц˵ֻôԿڴ֣ƺǸ˼Ҳõļ˵ϷĽҶ󽫾񹦶꣬ҲҪҶ󽫾մĶ񹦡ҶӲߴͽ̡
ϷӵǶֲôҶЦü
ûǶһɫȻʹһɫѹ˵ң˵ףΪĽϼĶԹ̫ǱѾ߹ۿˡôҲҪ̫ӵԲ
ҶЦ۽һбȻһµ̫վڲԶĿԼ
֮УǺɱ
СÿοҶĿҶЦ̫أôûС类ɱôûǼأɱȫʲôģô
ţƲƲ졣
ȻϷִˡҶЦ߼˹СҶЦͷ˵˵ţ΢Цһ£ǧŸۣʲôġţ˼ʵǣ϶ǰĶ֣̫桭Ǻǣҵ㵽ΪֹŶ
Ϊ״̬֮У˿̵Ĺķ·ûҶЦ߽ġ˵ЦЦͰ׵˵Ҷˣռɡ
һ̫ݲ
һߵ̫۵ȴɿӹһ˿ϲɫ
һ֡ڴñظ
롣ıԾһ̬ӣ·վȵӣŵһ֣ͬҶЦһ߳˴
Ժڣ˿ѾвȺȻΧһȦӡ
ȻΪһս̫ӵ˺öΧۣ֤
ҶЦһΧ۵òвء
ЦЦôͻȻҪأһԶԶ㲻Ǳ̫ӵȾôоҴ£ô̸䶷أ⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵޼ɡ
ҶЦѭȥֻ޼ɾһŲ߿ȺУ˵ͷۡ
Χ˾Ȼ˺޼ɵڣȻǱ̫Ӹˡһ룬
ûսԺԼʲô⣬޶֤˵֤ԣûз
ʵѵ֤˻λǻˣСѾͷҹ£˲ѵ֤ˣ̫ȴǲģǰڣһ̣ȻأһҲ϶ˣֻ˶Σ֤
˱͵ҶЦȻһо
˴˼ʼҶЦʱ֪սʵһģƴʹɫ
ҶЦͷӻ֣ʾ˲õġ
̫ӸһȦӿԷλվʱȺҶЦ˸ʮԶкȻһյش
ҶЦ״üͷЩܡ
λ̫ӵһУԼ竵ⶥñֻǴˡ
ҶЦԼĲԸժñӣͷεҶ٣ˮõó뻯ʱ򡭡
ʱôⶪ
һҶЦʱ̲ס˳
ԭֻҶЦԹ۵Σ˱⡣
ֻĹüķ˴һı飬ҲһԲӡ
ȻҶЦһҲǾԵִڴ֮ͥ±¶ʵģ
ңҶЦҪĴ
͵һӣһѧǰڼʵ۹˶֪ϷȻĲɾȴ޸֮
˿ȴҪǰ¶
һӵαװ񲻾Ҫңһս֮ҶЦˡڼºڼʮܹˡ
Լֵˡ
Ҷ᲻Լأй˼ɣҶ̫ӵ£ԸԼԼȴǰ϶顭
ʱԼƾʲôܹסհ۱Ҷ󽫾
̫ôţ񲻾Լ򵲼ô
ôһ룬иӵĲˡ
̫ӵһУȴҲ޷ƾܡ
ڣ޷ƾܣѾߵزҪѾˡ
ֻ޿κΣӲͷƤˣ
ȻҶһһɨսʵսֻܷΪһ˵ĴڣϷӵıֻӵĿƣ
Ȼ˿̶ҶЦһЦϾѾˣ̾ϢһʱӢ۰
ҶЦһ֡ԭ˱ҸӵĲҡ־ʤ̬ɲǼٶ˸߲ԼԼһ䣺ɶʱôֻˣǲе˲ء
еֲ֣֡ҵùʱ˱Ҹù飬ȴʵơΣʱҶЦȻһЦĵС
ڳˣ޲Ϊĳ̬ȣȻʤȯգء޾ģһСӣӮһ޸֮ͷӣʲôɵģ
Ҳ˼⣿
Т˿̾վڳ⣬ǰ֪Ϸʵʵ˶ϺЦĿҶЦһİͲϽϾı顣
ҶЦ۽ɨˣĿгųζͻȻеĴһڡ
ǻһĶ
һָ̣ͷָָ˹
֮ԣһĶ
Ѿ˵һӱɫҪںǻδ˵ȻǡѾͷĻȴʱ̫ӵ³ʾĿѾת˹صˡ
һ£ʱסڲԡɫȴݶ

Ҷӣ롣ɫ࣬ʱ˿ȴҲݲӱܣ飬ʼջҪ
Ϸ롣ҶЦڹĶվһɴݵ΢Цš
һϷӣȴùһѿôĶˣʲôϷӣϷӽ
Ŀ֮£ϷƵվţȴҶȶ֣
ҶЦվ֮ˣȫ׵Ȼǰ壬Ǽ֮£һ֣ʹһХķȭͻ㿰׵ľƣ
ֻһУȻֳһɲսɱ֮
ھãǧս
Χ֮Укüʶ֮˵͵͵Ľ
ǳʵ۹ǳеģרսɱһȭȭߵǴ󿪴ϵ·ӣг˲֮ɱС
ҶЦݣǾ˼ͥϵ˼óȭǡ֡赺ϣ


89 ʮ
ǧսлݺս󣬵߽սȴʵǲʺϡҶЦȴóһС
ǲ˼ƺ켫ӡ˵ĸоֵģǧսġᡣ
ź
ͥĺˣȭǡ֣
úãȻݣϷ˫ָǾòӵһתһƮ˲㳲ҶЦһ̣࣬ʵ죬ʣһָͷòƵĵ˹ȴԽʱռľ룬֮䣬ҶЦš
ֻһһ㣬ѾڳһƬ
ڳ˿ɲֻ޼һƽˣڣҶЦϷȻŽ֣սȴǷ
Ųһ˲ʱ䣬˶ǵɴ۾ɲǼһұĵܻĻǲģԴʧɫ
⡭ĹϷӣȻĻ书ҡӣǸְ
һۻλõÿνۣ赭д֮䣬ġû൱Ϊ˿òģһָƽƽ棬ʵǧ
ϻҴŵÿɹ
ҶЦۼһָתУ͵һˣ漴һһźߡһɫȻ𣬡һȻǰɳ
ȻǧսһСǧ
ϷһָգУֻ˲һб˳ҶЦߵķӰε׷壬ƺҶЦϡ
һ̣˶˳λҶҹӣҲмսȴͲ˼ҹϷӵĶ֣òֻǧսĻսϷȴѽʽһȭһһָ֮䣬˵ǧ򻯣
ֻǣҶûпǡ
ڹϷӼٿҶЦһ˲䣬ֻƣȻ赭дҶЦϽĻʮ߰˴Ρ
ֻǣÿһĻûа
ÿһζһգ˵Ļ˵ǴøС
ǵⲿλλͺȫûжһ㡣
ҶЦǧһȥƲɳһɣһٶȷԾڰգźХķȻ¡
ǧս֮ڻԾã
ȺУкá޼ɺ˶Щһۣκ˶пܺȲʣΨ꣡
ҶЦԹ̫ӸܣҲøҶЦȲʣ
ƫƫһ̸кã
⣬볣ϣ
Բϣ
Ϸ˫һӣҶЦ԰պȻס漴ƽƽĻ˳ȥһ̣Ϳ˫ָҡͷ΢ЦˣˣģˡҶ׳ʢ磬һд͵Ϊֹɣ
Ҷ˳һսٷְҶЦˡǹĴ˿ȴǱֳ˼ѵķȡ
һɷƵǰҲ쾡¡ң˵
˶ˣҶòƤҲû˵
ҶЦվ𣬴ŭΪֹ˵ʲôһûأ
ս˶ǰҡͷӵܾӵܣȻһķȺûУ˼Ҷˣ㶼ѾˤءȻû֪֮ӲҪǿս
ƤҲ̫˰ɡ
ԶԣҶû䣬һսƽ֣ʵǴˣˣ͵Ҷչ˼ΡĹһЦ
ҶЦһ˵Ȼд֪֮ҾһΣƽճͷռıˡ
һ
ҶЦϵĳͻȻֵϷӣһսʵڲʹ죬лᣬҪϣʱѾˣǺǣ
ôٺһЦʵ̫ӵ£վ㷹ˣҶЦʹ˸ˡ
̫үû뵽˵ʶȤԼνߣû뵽Լ˳΢ЦҶߣϾپۣ̹¡
ҶЦЦǵȻģлᶨ߶̫ӵ̫
̫һ飬㶼ʱˣû˵ϷšȴչЦӭҶʱá
̫¶һ˿ŭ漴¶һ˿ЦҪСѾͷˡȻռıˡˣͿһ֮˵ķϣͲƽˡ
ҶЦЦӻ֣޼һ𼷳ȺôﳤȥȺ֮ϲĪ¶һЦݡֻ˭Ҳû

Ŀһ£漴ΡΡ߽ǰ
ΧҲ̫Ӹ£һһɢȥ
̫һֱĿҶЦȥӰˣ΢Ц˴кصǰ
Уֻˡ
̫ӣ̫ġ
ϣô̫Ȳʵ
̫Ҳ¶ѯʵ
̫ӵ¡ûмʱشȴ̾һһΣǰӿඡ
̫΢Ц½еν޷죬ϲصġ£Ҳϵ
һᣬ̾˿ӭ̫ڴĿ⣬˵ơѾʮϤҶЦϡ⼸ʱʲô쳣ǡһºҶЦȻȫϣ޶
˵仰ʱϵƣҲƺ˼֡
ٳʲôɣ̫ĵʵ
׹ϷһֱصܡΪ⻯̫ڴԡһֱҲض̾˿˵ƵĽⷨϷԼҲ޲ߣ֪νȣԣҶЦһǱɡ
̫һЦˡ
ĵͷ̫ؿ
˵꣬Լȴüͷ̾һ֮е֮ɫԽԽ
һȻ̫ӵµУҶ֮ĳԹȴҲĽʵˡ
ʱҶ첻ֻãҵԼͷϣֻԼһСһܻ
ڣΨϣҶ첻ᷢ֡
̫ӵµνŵνеϷӵ治ָ
̫ӵ£ʼһ´ʣҶ졭ǺĵʵҶһֱǳʵ۹ܹ֪ܡ
˳֮ʱһĻܣ룬ΪڶȻӣȴûκˡκ֪䱳
Ϊʵ۹ʼ̫ӣӦ֪Űɣ
̫һβŵ»֪ò˵ҶɽԻ֮ӡʱһʲô鱦һ׵
̫ӵ仰ǹƨ
ѹͲ֪Ҷ쾿ʲô£ʵ۱±Ҳȫ֪Ҷ˵仰ĿľֻΪùİĶѡ
ȻһɣͺáǾͺá
ֻһԻԵɺϻ
Ǿʲôˡ
˫һ˳ͻԼҸὫ䰵ɱһŵҶ죬ǳʵ۹Ĵ󽫾ڶˣ˵Ҷ죬Ҳֻһ˶ѣ
ԼԪʦʵɱһܲǶôѵɣ


90 ŭξ
ҶЦ̫߳Ӹһ·ˣ޼˵˵ЦЦصһµӡ
ٷֱҶЦȡһҩݸˣˣҩؼҺˮݿΣÿ糿̫ոðͷʱˮϴͷֻҪϴΣͷܳ׳ˡ
ô˶ۣһľϲ
ǹغһĴ£һƭ㣿ҶЦü
ٺ١ٺٺ١ģûҲл㡭ͷ̫Ӣˣ˵ģһӵĴ¡˽ӹҩһҲȲˣģҾȻؼȥˡٺ٣ϴͷ۹ӴͲͷˡ
Ĵȥһ˸߲ҡ
޼ޱӣûͷԾôһ˾˲ѲĵУȻڼӢ䡭Żڰ֣˵Ȼû£Ҳؼˣһȴ仰ĵˡŻȥһᡭ
˵գ޼Ҳˡ
ҶЦĿ뿪ϵ΢ЦĶᡣ۵׵ҲЩƲסһ˫߬ȭͷ
̫ӣȻջǶԼ˶֣
öֶΣ
Ĺı
ҶЦ񹦣һ·ҹɫһػص˽
ܼ۹еؿɫô⣿
ҶЦԥһ£ûʲô˵ɡ
ܼǰŸҶЦ뷿ţЩǣˣûʲôʲô
ҶЦ죬¶һ΢ЦҲûΣҲ̫ϴʮ˴λƣ˶ѡ
ʲôƣʮ˴Σ
ܼ˲ʱסˣ
һ̣ܼͻȻ͵һɫ籬ըһ䡱һҶЦҵǽ˲ʱķѣ
ǽ֮࣬ȥƲֹһȫɢȥ
ͬһըڷͻȻը
һ̣ܼҵͷ壬һȻ׵ŤˣŭĽУҡ١̣ӽϾѪϴǱ̬̫Ӹ
ҶЦĳܼ˼ҵķӦһæһקס塭԰ꡭ
԰ꣿһ԰ͷξŽƿڴ̬ĳʵ۹ôشùˣաѡѵģΪҶ統ǸԲгŵֵʺĵطڹ꣬ݣ񣬴ǳػ˶ʮĽɽԼĶӾȻָ̫ʹ˴ʮ˼ǻƣշʮ˱̵ġ
죬ǵ񳽻ʵ۹ʵ۱µ䡭
ҶЦ壬С𼤶Ҫôô
ôĲҪξŽţͷѪ죺ﵱܼңĿľǿС˵İȫ˺ˣ񣬾ҵƤ£ұ˱ʮ˴λƣҡô˶ˣҡҪǲɱ⹷һңҪǲ壬ôĻΪôĺ۸ô
ҶЦǳ鴤
ĳ̫ˡ
塭òǻʵµʥּĻԼλȻҪ˻ʵ۾塭⣬ɲһͰ
壬ȱô˵˵вУҶЦξ£һƬĿĲԫϱ֮С
ôҶЦ״ѾǺܱˣӱȷòҲǿȥ
ʱѪѾ˶׷׸ʵϴ󣬳ʲô£ǹʲôô
ξδ˵ҶЦͼæ˵ûû£ҺõúܣҶȥ˯ɣֶ˽Ҫ˵ǺǺǡ
ǽڶˣȻ˵û¡
һѪǾţһʱ䲻ȥ
ҶЦɴξ˳˵˽䣬ξȥξķ䡣
ҶЦǰŸ뿪ҶЦԷ䡱һҶЦ
ȻˣҶЦһͷæӽ˽Ų
ξػͷɫԾɽӲľ
Ҳ֪ô£ҶЦ˿оĪһ˳ûЦ
ѿδүһͷŵһ¥δүͷɽˮδүͷ޹δүĻͷ
ξû˵ˣͷͿˣ⼸仹ԺһصˡҪ׺ˡţ԰ʱ˵ЩʲôãҵøϽȥţϻֻϻܻȥϵĻˣϣüһü
ҶЦǳ˳飬ԭֻΪԼòƺܿɰڿ˾Ȼͦɰġ
оǣԼϵʵֻµܿɹ۵˵Ҫ֪ܹȥ˵ˣʵٵʤǸģģ
ξ䣬ҶЦæ̹ףҸ㽲¾ͲôҵȥˣƶûãһöûУ
ξüЦɲ˵˵鰡֪ʲôǻôһżΪĹ򡭡ȫ֮ˣǶԴ൱˽⣬޴ӲΣȵʱʱһͷֻѾڻʮ֮ߣл֮ǲˣ롭׻˵һ̯࡭Ǵӻ
֪֪ҶЦ˵壬Ҹ˵ʵɣ̫Ӹնɱ̫ӣߣɴͲκıֻҪĿǾ;ȴǷˡ
Ҷھǵ޵úܣ˿ίʵҶЦⲽߵǰҾ޿̣ǻҲڰΪԻȨԸҲʤ㡣
ôүǣҲҵһȫҶЦЦЦҲΪԼͼһʱ֮죬ͽȫ֮ˡ
ԣֻ
ξ˵ֻ۽ǼȴȻδжת䣬ֻǿпƶѡ
ԣһǲõķ֪ҪԸңȴɵҪáˡķʽӡˡĻҲֻôֹѡҶЦָͷǻƣȭ񹦣ڤһָоǡ񹦡
䣬ҲΨֹܹϢٺۼܹӳٷʱؽءҶЦٺһЦ
ξԼʱĿɿڴĿ࣬ƿԣ㶡
Ϊ񹦣Ҳֻ֪еֶѡ
ξţƬ½ϣں½֮ϵλ棬ܹ֪ˣҲԲ࣡
ǰҶЦȻһ㣬ôڰ٩٩̸ضо˳
һԲſںߣΪеξ֪
ţᵽʲôξüСڽ֮ǰԵɺϾͷͷҲǴ㼸Ĺˣô֪ôࣿҶ֪ع


91 ˭ˣ˭⻯
ҶЦŷԼڲ֪ò˵ˣв֪ˣЩʵҲȺãѧʶ纣ҵѧʶ
ҶЦſںһֵ⼸ֹһĹƽ⣬мڴˣԾ˸ƾͼƣҶӵеʵѾȫϣȥɲУǽҪתһǶ֡͸һ㹻ɡлᡣ
ξ˵˵ЩҶףǰû²Уƣ֪ɲôûģΪȷһʧ
ҶЦٲ׸ԣ⿪½¶⻬ţתԼĺξһƬƽ𪣬κ״
ţҶЦǱת񹦣ģһɹڡ
ξĿתĶҶЦСֵܳ״
Լһʱ֮ҶЦԭĺϣظֳһǳǳӡ
ЩӡӼ棬͸һһһЩ˴صš
ЩθֳӡҶЦ˹ӡɫǳɫתΪɫν֮Ŀġ
ʮ˸ӡɫڤɫȻǴ֮ĻƣξһɫһƬ
֮ģȴǱսⶳ
ξеĴмңҶЦȻܹ֮㽫֪ԼаУܽ⼫ѻĻư˱ôһӵܹ
Ǻʡ϶顣
ֻξδ˵ȻܹΪ΢ĩʱ򣬾ܹư˴ӹֱӱ
ҶЦδ̫һɣ
ξ˵ûнƣһʵ۷״̬ȥƵĺ£ʵѾ䵽˵׵㣬ڻƺˣȴѾΪˣ
ξʣԼԴʵ۷ʱ򣬻⻯ƵĺˣҲ޷ҶЦͼӰ
ҲҪһµȫ˹ܱƳ
עʮ˸ɫӡξҧгݡ
ҶЦ˿̵ɫȴǵͨ죬ȫ˹Ƴ⻯ƣֽ׶εΪ˵Ѿþȫ
ȻԽ˹Խܸܵ⻯Ƶݴ˵Ķ
ԼתԣȻѾư˱Ƴ˾󲿷֣ȴһεˣ˹
ҪǣҶЦϵ쳣©ݰˣⲿְ˾޷һ㡣
ЩӵİˣҪһ˵ʱԼ֮ͬͼ֮ҶЦ˲Բߣţȫת񹦣˴
˲ʮŸת
ξĿɿڴҶЦͻȻðİɫǰ󲻹Ƭ̹⾰ԭɫӡر䵭ֻʣǳǳɫʱ򡭡
ۣҶЦһſڣ顱һɫѪҺ
ȵɢʱҶЦϵӡȻӽɲ졣
ҶЦչЩӡȴҲȥ½뵽˼֮С
ȻԴڣȴѾγɴ󰭣ٲṹ֮ݡ
ʵγɵΣϸ˵һ̶ϵͬԪֺ壬ǱУ췢һһ
Ҫ֮ҪͬԪ֮ͬƱܵȼƸȴǲԶˣ˵ǳһˮ׼ĴУƶҲǶˮ׼͡
ҶЦ֮ǰξеĽ˿ȴһپ˺ȴΪһΪͬһΪ߲ͬն
Ŀǰ״ۣҶЦµĻܣҲռ飬Ҫȫ滯ξڵĲȴҪ൱֮ǽơ֮ĸ²죡
壬ڿԷ˰ɣҶЦƣЦЦ
һ麹һ˹ȴ͸֧
ˡξɫǻշ괺ܲתΪüЦֲ֧۾Сӣҵôãû뵽ȴСӷһݺݵˣһ٣˵˵á
ҶЦŹܼǰɫ仯֮죬ֱϲŭ޳кǺһ£Ҳ壬ʱֻҶطֿʵԱ߲ܼˣҲֻǡ
ԣ⻰˵ܼһ֣²ĵΣתܹ˵ͷʼתѳǵߡ
ˡҶЦơ
ȵٲע֮Ǳڰдݲ𣬶Ըﹷ˵ܼԽ˵Խ˷ܣ־ҲǲԽԽܼơ
˵
ҶЦֹ˵Ҳ漣һ׮һöˡ
Ҫ˵ˣСߺߺߡξйâ䣬˵еǡ˵ǲҼ˽̫ˣһϢ
ҶЦλ壬ʱ졣
ɶˣһϢ
ξòҲоԼ˵ĻЩͳ˵ҵ˼ʵ˵ϼ˸̫ӸЩ鷳תƶԷע
ҶЦֽ׶Ρʱɣô˵ҲҪϰҵʱ䡣һҪϢǿʵҲҪνĻ
ԣԣξͷô磬ΣȻת
˵ţص˵ˣиϢ˸㡣
ҶЦȻʲôϢ
ҵΪξЩմմϲѾԪһƷˮ׼
ϲ壬ϲ壡ڳΪԪ֣ҶЦЦ档
ξЦֲϿڡ
漴ס
漴ȻȻһĭ
ͻȻôʲôø˵ģԭǳԪεĳ֡ڲָԪһƷʵȻҲܸ˳ǡ̫ûϢˡ
ĺҹܼǷˡ˯̤ʵˣҶЦȴæ˰ҹŽĻ˳ֻǲĻ֮ǰѹ֮ʱЩྡྷɢԪײ׽ЩֲڹļԪѶԸҶЦѾת񹦣Ž֮ױ⣬ֻ۵ûëһһɺˡ
һҹûɱģȫŪˣ
ԼұĳݻˣߵҶЦֻʱסڿͷ
֮ǰС⻯ƣݴҶЦһɻɵ֮ЩຮԼļԪͬȻûа洦Ķ
ǵ棬֮ݲɪ
ҶЦ룬ýһ壬ȻһӣֽŻɵ˽ȥţʹı֮ɲǼȻ涳ýʵʵٲɢ


92 ҹ׷١׷ɱ
ҶЦ׼ϴϢˡ
⼸ҹæùǺҲ۵ùǺڵÿգȻúú˯һ
ǻǰЦһǶûʲôǣң˿ﻹ̫ίߣӲôȥƢǵ̫ӷɵ¡
»ڳ͢׷ɱ˼½ԵУĺ֮ڲ֮ҶЦҲôƲЭתۡ
ڣҶЦȴܹԸоԼˡ
ΪԼѾ
ףˣܼңѪҹ£ˣ޼ɡ
ЩȫԼΪ˵
ΪЩˣҶЦҲֻѡȽϻһЩӷ׽ӦԷʽǰΣ
ΪЩˣȴһҲ᲻õġ
ΪԼԵʶ
ҶЦãǽԼв֮ܳأõź
˼ôҶЦڴϣ۾зһġůĸоڻʣοúܡ
ЩˣʱΪԼ׳һУ
һС
һҶЦǰδУ
ȻܹôԼǣҲͳԼΡ
Σˡ
Ҫ
ҹУҶЦȻ̾һ
УԼѾϿݣϿͥǡԴԼûпԼǸסʱ򣬾ѾϿͥݡ
ҶЦԼоһĺܻ
ǰֹµӵһָɡҶЦԼԼ˵ֹһ˴ĺΪ޸ƼӡʵѾ˰ɡ
顭һͦĸоءǰҾ̫̫ùһ˵ӣ̫̫Ѫȷ硭˭أ
ţҶЦ̾һ૵˵ǰҡΪʲôǸ¶أǧٴεԼΪɶͰأΪʲôأ
һɬǲ롣
۾ǿԼ˯
Ȼ˯ˣǷǳĳ˯ȥ
ֻ˯УƺһŮؿĺЦ
ҶЦѾ˯ˣȴԼҲ֪һᣬȴ˳۽ǵͷϡ
Ө¶顣
ͷϲΡΡĴƬ̣ͷУֻеպۣƬ̵Ĵڣɺԡ
ʱᡭҶЦȻҲ˿̣˯УҶЦѡ˷ԼкĵصС
оǴǳ۾ڿԼһֻ֣ĸοԼĦš
ҶЦ¶һ˿Ҹζ΢ЦЦݣԭǾƲЦϵģЦݣҶЦ
áȻ

ҹأԳ֮вԸҶЦһͻľֱӴӴѣ
¡¡
ͬѵһ죬þе˶оѣ
ţ˷۵糸һļ£
УЩȻǲɫģ
ҶЦ״Ȼһվֻˢˢˢ˴ꡣ
֮Ŀ⾪ɲɨеĻЩԾ
ŸոأЩɣǲ𵽵ﲻԾ
ңϾûۿһĻ
ţۼ֤һۿƲʵ쳣ǲɫơȻôһ¡
ҶЦƫƫڽҹƣ˯ˡ
òƻ˯ú˵
еڳǣ˿̵Ѿ¡¡¡¡
ԽԽ
ҶЦ۲һ֮󣬲ǲκ׼ٶ˯£ѵõΣͻȻоһ͵ػ
һ̣һԼԼһ
ʧ
ͨˣϵѧ֣Ϊֻ磬硣
ҶЦȴ˲ʱë
Ǿ磬֣
ǡһ׷һӣ
ֻǣ˵ƶٶȵ涼Ѿ쵽൱ĳ̶ȣ
ƶ֮УĻԪ֮ĦĹһ𣬵ͺ绮һ㡣
ҶЦ㣬ˣعƣҲԪʦĸ֣ǰߺߣˮ׼ֻ¶֮ǰǸģ
֮ǰõԪʵѾԺɨһƬԪʮֺ˹ģԪ磬ȻҹּԪֵ׷Ϸ
ҶЦ΢΢Ƭ̣âʧķĿ漴һأ¼һϮ¡ķ
һ̣ҶЦ˾ѹ˺棬һʹӴڷ˳ȥһưһĴ˲ͽȫʪ͸ˡ
ҶЦܴһŤѾ˷Ӱ֮ڷʧˡ

ҶЦʩչ٣ЦһЦģ
ٵŵڣڸƶĹУмʵˮ׼һЦģȴǵĸٶʽΪĵٶȲ죡
ǰһЦģ
ղŻ֮ƣһЦ֮Ѿĺǣ
һЦġ
ϵģ
û֮һ
ǰҶЦ׷ɱ̵ģܼ
ٿ֮䣬ҶЦȻƶɿռ䣬Ļǵûг̣Ϊһ㣡
һƷ磬˲ϢѾߡ
һߡˢһԶȥգۼѾȥ˻ʳǱϣɸߵĳǽ֮ϣأðؾǸû˿ҶЦѾһյʧĻ֮Уǽ֮⡣
Զּ⾪޵߿衣
ֻǣҶЦߣȴܲнȻΪԶо΢ȴ쳣ʵڡ
ҶЦһ㼫ٳʮɣ˲ʱ֮Уٶת任Ϊ١
һЦģ˫ۼȴΪҲ׷ٶȵһ׶˰ɣ٣ȴǼƶٶۼŵ㣬ƶٶȽ֮һЦȴܱ֤ƶУΪ˲
ĳϢشԽ֣ɽԽϿȣǰĳнƺĿģȴִ֮ļٷɱȥ
ҹ֮ʣ۷֣Ȼѡչս
·صԽԽˣ
ֻһԶԶ춯ӦǶս˵ı˴˽һ£ԶԶȥһưôֱ֮ʣɷ׳ۡ
УδһȻһƬľ꼰ˡ
ҶЦüһۣھԼλôԼ·ӡ
ĵȴţûмӽһƺҶЦԤϣԼֹ˰ιһȴǴһ⴦Դλþǰĵطɵľ롣
˫ȻǸ֡ҶЦһٶչСĽӽ˽սص㡣


93 ùĵһɱ
һ·սȻһ֧ԲŻ֮ǰн飬˵Ϊۣʵڲó˫ǿƶƴʤУ޻٣˵һӦֵ顣
֧ˣȻǱ׷ɱһĿǰλ״ԲóȻͶԷӲƴΪʵԷӲƴĻ͸ûҪˡ
һ֮˫ԭλñȻֱ仯ȻУһ֮϶ݵ𵴻ἲӴܣֱ׷ϡ˵ڶεײ
һײʱû̫ҵȻ׷ɱʵһ̶ȡڶζƴȴⲻ˵һײʱ֮Ȼˣǡϼˡ
˵սֻǿҪˡ
Ĵײ֮Ǳ׷ɱҲûʲô֮ˡ
ֻǣһ·׷ǰҲϵ·̡ǴӾǵһ಻֪Զĵطһֱս˵á
ҶЦƮ磬޼Ǳ˹ȥ
һ߿Ʋ⣬ȴ˿ң㡣
ڣӽˣӽսָ
ҶЦִĿĵصͬʱš䡱һξϽۼˮ𣬽״˹ҶЦſڵϣһɡˮࡱ
ཬɲǼһ
ǰҹҶЦɹˣ˿̺Ȼˣֻһòεø޷죡
һٵĴϢԽԽⴭϢ˵ȻѾȥ˼£ֻʱֻܱҪҲûվĿܡ
ȻһѽƿշˢһҶЦǰɵĵطòǰһʯͷϡ
һȻΪص
һ㡰ˢһƬգǿʯͷȥ֮òƻֻˮžž֮󣬺ֿܹǾȵطֳİꡣ
һôֱֱϡ
ԣòá̡ݴʲǺ׼ȷΪǿڽȫ¶ڵر֮ϣûд֮Уƫƫǲ£ôţʵġա״̬
һû˲ʱޱߺڰ֮С
񱩵Ĵ꣬һͳһС
˿ǰǰѽڵĴϢţͻȻһ˻ĺٺЦ漴һƨڵϣȻӮˡҪɱɱɣĻͲ˵ˡ
뼫ҶЦ˼ȴһҲҶ
Ͼ·ص̫ˣԵ֣ǱͬһкԼѾ˰ٴˣ޹ۼĸߵͣʵʵ֮Ĳ࣬δս֮
ȴû취顣
ҶЦѡνһѵĲλ
˵һб£Ǳ׷ɱݣۿҪ߹ˡ
ֻҪߵб¾ͷΪѾ׺ĽˣֻҪһͻứĹȥ׷ȻҲһԾ¡һҶЦλþͱ˴ǵ
Ǹմӱ˶߹ȥôҲ̫ķʱ·
ԣλȫλá
ճ˵ǾԻᷢ飬һУҲ߹ȥ
ȴĵû뵽
׷ǸһȻֱӽԼ˹ҾôĲǰɵλã
ߵȥ·
Ǳ׷һѽǰ·֪ԼôҲܲˣĿǿһйʱһҲûУƹˤһһƨˡ
һҪ
ڵλþҶЦһֻɣ
ôʲôƨ飡ȻȫճչҶЦһĿ̫ùˡ
ôľ룬Ԫʦ
˭Լ·һ
ǡżסɺϵûˡ
ҶЦЦ٣ѧ֪ʶʶЩҲ٣ڵԪƷΪԿͬ޵УԪƷƷҲĶ֣ҪƴԪƷĸ֣Ҳпܱ£
Ҳ˶ѡҶЦսԪʵѹһСͱǸϷӹģҶЦΪ
ǰκһڹ֮£ܻߡ
ҶЦ¶һҶЦҲ׻ɱ֮Ǹ߽߶Եͽߵĵȼѹƣû취飡
˶Ӵ֮еҶЦҲм־ţȴһֵֺĸо׷ɱ֮˵ôƺЩ˼أ
ô
ܰɣ
ԼòƾûӴôأ
ΨһӴԪʦҲһĶѣǸȴ־Բǹģô˭أ
Ժ˼֮ʣȴһ浾Ȼ춯Ǻοգ
ҶЦһ𣬲㱩¶Լ
Ѿģ׷ɱ˵ˣòƲԼˣ
ǿԼ˵ˣ
ƽᣬ꣬࣬ͬȪɽһöĸо
ǡ
һգС֮㣡

Ƹ¥йʸ񷢲Ǹˣ
ǵոĽϼθһ˵ȵǸˣ
ҵҵĵҵǸ񰡡ҶЦСͨͨ˼£զûŮ˾ȻһԪʦ֣
ϸһ룬ҶЦͷ˲Ծĵط
֮㣬в׵Ϊ㵱ʱԼͿˣνĲΪȴԵֲΣʱ֮㣬Ҫ˵Ԫʦ磬ֻԪżûܴ
һ㣬ҶЦԼЦʶƱ
ǷۡҶЦұ֤ȫܵģ
ϴǰòҲֻһµĹ⾰λʹӵԪԪʦ磿δٵùͷ˰ɣ
⡭ô£
ʲô
ֻ׷ɱ˻ƵЦһ֮׹ղŹҺοգȴҪҲʹͬ⣬˵׷ɱңȴǺοգ
棬һĻָоһ־̬ȡ
һ۷ǿߣȴڹƽ֮Уһʮ߰ŮʵĸͽܲˣȻ·ǰʸף
ֻ֮Ƭ̣䣬ǿǸ˲ţųҷƸ¥ӳŵ㣬ֻҪϽƸ¥ɱһ飬ȫȫȨ⣬ΪޱʥǱߵ鷳۴ĸ˵Ѿ㹻źˣȴ֣Ǻε
ôһ˵ҶЦʱǰ׷ɱ˭ˡ
䡣
Ǹ˵еĺ½һɱ֡
ҶЦЩ壺λĵһɱ֣òҲ̫ùһЩɡ
ԴԼ˵ڶֵ֣µɱ֯ȫûƴսѡĿǰڱ׷ɱС
һμȴԼոմ˳Եңʱ仹ڱ׷ɱӴܣԼֵĻҲϴξ군ˡ
ʱ˿̣ٴͷȻԾڱ׷ɱ׷ɱһαһһαһͷ
ѵǹתҶЦ롣


94 ɱ֣Ҳ
һﱻ׷ɱĲʹҶЦǳҪ죬ĵȻһȴҲһһˡ
ȴû˼֮Ա׷ɱ򣬾Ϊ
ȻڵϣڴڴŴʵƸ¥ʹƶ֮񣿻֮㣿

ȻԳЦһ£ȴƺһӱˣҲһӢ
ҶЦһĵʲô⻰ʲô˼
ȴȻĮ䣬֪Ѵҵļɻ䡣
ƤһأԴ˵֪ôֻ֪ǣȻεͨޱߣòҲֻɱһΰɡҪҴӵظоһһɱٺ٣Ҳİɣ
˵ţȻٺٵЦ˭δ㣻ãδʤң͵үû۰ɣ
ӰһƮӰҶЦ֮УȻưô֮УһϮ£ȻԾһȾˮ£
ֻ˵£ûʲôԹƽġУӲʲô䣬Ϊɱ֣ɱƽڴɱĿʱ򣬻᲻Ŀ깫ƽĻ᣿ʱ˿ȴ˵ȻЩԼݣ֮Աۣ䱯Īڴˡ
ĬȻһ£˵Ĳ仰ίʵЩ뵱Ȼˡɱң䲢Թԡ
֮Цһ漴ֻ䵭˵֪Ҳɱ㣬ֻҪ㡣
ǺһЦַ
˵Ƹ¥Ѿûӹһ¥ˡ񣬶мӣ㻹ʲô㣿õľ巽ʲôҪģ
ã˵ֻϧҲ
ĿкʢɱŨ
ΪĿҶЦҲоһĺ䡭
һٵĴŭң䣬ݣ˵һŮˣίʵЩˡٶȻָƽ
ûмĬȥ
֪ɡƸ¥¡¸к˲ҪУΪε㲻Ը⣿
ֳĬһ£ŵҺγ֪˵ʵ飬ǡǶרУɱ֣ǿҲǷʩǸˣȻǺˡҲԲϣԼδҪһ
ͷģȴǼ˵˵ĵޣֻһˣҲԸΪǻʵۣҲУ
֮Ĭһ£ѵ㻹һǣҵСˡ
侫һ񣬺ǺǴЦȻ͵Ĺͷ͵⣬ⱲӣǸĲˡ
Ƹ¥һȱɱ֣İ֣Ĳ̾˿һεһĨ죬Ѿ֪ȥ䣬ٸһλᡭһοǵء
۾ͣԲ
̬ȺԣɱɱǸƨ
̾һŬҲգұ㲻ǿѣֻǡ䣬һ¡ܽ½͵⣬ҳ˲ٱ֮⣬һʹ죬·
۾˵ã˵
ԳƲΪκЧֻԼһݺ£Ϊ˴ҲǣʵͷβֻƿԼܹƿصһУԼ˵ģɣ
ЦһȻĳһǣǣ޻ڣ
ôǰΪµɱ֣Ǳ뱱ЭҶɱǵĶλ죿ѵǴεжͲΪҶѵǲΪʵ۹ʵЧ
˵˵͵۾ŭǴεôͬôԽ֮Ϊһ̸
˵ΪڰˣǧңҶ߳ʵ۹൱ı꣬Ľ㣬Ҷ϶ϲ⣬Ļ첻Ժĺܳһʱ䶼仰˵ɣһʱ֮ҲףҲһݳ޵룡
Ҹղž˵ˣ߲ܻΪһ̸ǸбʵĲ죡Ȼһͺȡ
ŶԸ꣡䵭˵
һһ֣ԸҶ޹أ˵ҰҶ죬ǡʱıǽ֮УҵĳҡԣҪɱ֮űһ壬˵µ֣ԣͲνҶһ˵ҶԣҶڰҸ𡣡
ȻҶΪǼ¶մʤ̣ҲûжϵΪûߵƾҶҲܴӮһ̣
Į˵˵ΪҶһͲ֮䶥ֻһαĺˣ
ǵڶأ
ںڰע֮㣬ԭν֮ǻۣˣھνΪЧѵ㾹ʼղסսΪʵ۹û˽˶ԹҵΪҲΪǻʵ۵Ĺɣ
Ϊұǳʵ۹񣡡
䵭˵Ѫǹң˽޹أԹ޹أǷ޹أ
Ȼʵ۹ĸ߲㶼ͷֻҪѣҪֵʱԾɻͦΪⱾΪʵ۹ӦΪ֮£
ҶԳʵԱʹԵң޺øУеʵۣûκθ֮ֻһܵĽˣڽУҲֻһνʿݵɱ֡ҵĹѣһ֣
Ц˵֮ԲԸ뷭Ƹ¥һ棬ҲΪһԭȴڡǷƸ¥˴ûκεļҹֻں˭˭Ҳͬҵĸ
˭˭˭棬ȴҵĹңûп޶ԣ
̹ȻЦԡκ˽뷭Ƹ¥Ψǽɱ֣עˣ
˵޷ΪҪЦ
ĻУ
һƬĬ
֮ޡ
ԽԽˡ
˼ǴϿտȥͺһıǹ쵽أֱֱ£
Ƭɽ𣬴˿̱һ㣬ÿһһˮ±ӿ
ɽϿ֮УѾɽ鱩ĺ
ۣţǱԸӵĵز֮ȴԾһ£һȾƺӣݰ䡣
УҶЦȴоϣȴǱ֮˼
֮Ȼྻ߲ʣʵȴǳˡ۹ۿ伲࣬ԵȻ¡飡
һϮ£ڰҹ֮У˵Ĵۡ


95 
֮󡭡
̾ϢһȻˣ¥ίʵԵұȫ㣬;߾Ȫ
һ
һ֮ĩ;
һһ⣬Ĳ䡣
һ⣬޻
ȻʱĶͻȻı䣬ǵϢĽ͵ĻգԼؿ֮ǰžһ磬ưôУһ⣬է˲
һɻ֮У
˭ڰ͵ϮսĿݴǱߡ
͵ϮľӨ£ѱһֳ
־Ǳ֮УǾӨ¾Ȼһ׶
ݴУҶЦһ𣬳ζ˵ҵƸ¥ı£㸲ԭȱΪ潡ùֶΡ
ֻҶЦ˿̵ģȴҶЦֻ߷֮òһӡ
һȫµͣ
ֻʱĳӣȴһʮӣȻȻһĪ״ƣ챩֮ʩʩȻ߳˫ƽȲƺҪһ
һ֮֡£˭ӢۺܣΪסľ԰գԼš
ۼˣ¾һ
˵ֻô߳ĸоЩڡڹȫʢʱЦƵζ
һ
ϵĹ۸мʱľ衣
ˣһǸǿߣ
ܹӵ빫ӽƵĸоѰܹ쵽ģ
Ī䱸֮˸㣬ȴɫ쳣ƽȣһΪ潣仰˵δ̫˰ɡʸʲôˣ֪ڮٱ¥ȴ뱾¥Ϊһ֮;
һߣҲһһࡣ˼ֻȥɱͷӣⱾͲˡòһ򱧲ƽģԼֱӳˣɶɶء
ǵ˵˿Цá
֪ҶЦ˼Ҳû̫õİ취ǰƣѶΪ֮
һӡ
һ㣬ҶЦϿɡ
ˣֵһȣ
ǡ仹ԼףɱǡϴҲԼйԮ֣Ȼ֮ԼҲ׷ߵȴȫͬʱȻ㣬ȴһȣԼʱ׷ȴ˳ֶΪ
Բô˵þ䣡
ôһӣίʵϧúܡ
ǵĿôһĺӾԼǰɱҶЦоһΪԼħʣ
ԽǡҪȣ
ȴǣҪôȣ
ԼʵòƲܲ
οɸϴγһ۲ͬڻԼ㡱ˣ
ǵóȻ֣·ǵ˲ɣҪԼСһȥ
ҶЦ˼ʱѾ֣ǧһ֮ʣҶЦǱܵĳˣһ֮
Ѳѡ񣬶Ǳܣ
ڳֵʱҶЦûпǾ
ڳ֮󣬿һĿ⴩Ļ佫ҶЦҲһ飻ǰŮˣԼ֮ʵǶ֣
ôôӦأ
˼תѸٵóһͷôӦ˵ھܹӱܵʱ򣬾ҲӲ˵ģԴ󷽷߳
ǿΣҶЦ֮䣬ָֻǰֶ£ηȣ
˫֣챩УʩʩȻһ߳ʲô˲Ҫֻ£ˣˣᡣ˿·ƽİεˡ
侲עҶЦϹһ˿Ц·ƽε벻¾Ȼһλʿ֪û˵һ仰ǾǡҪڽġú硣
ҶЦ⻰˵òʵȷʵˣϷⱲӹ̫̫£ȴԾ޲ֵػڣǷƸ¥ҲδϷ֪Ϸ⻰֮أ
ͫһ˭
ҶЦĵûӦԲԣҲֻܼװģˣı˫֣׹ӣðɣ
۵׷ɿһ˿ɲɫ漴һΪӣ㣿˼㣿
ҶЦЦЦһȴһɫıϢ˲ʱͣ˼ưô꣬Ȼڵɫһ£ţҶЦչţһССɫȻҶЦš
ǶССⰻȻľڰУɢһּصɫʡɱΪɫ̣ĺڱϷһ㣻ֻǣҶЦһֱƽƽչţһ
ȴ˵ԲǱϷ
ǣôеһɫ
һĻǺεȵ棬εȵľޣ
ɫ͵˲䣬һɳǵ֮˲ʱΪʮɷԲ
ҶЦƽƽţ봹ʮרעеɫĵ֪û׹˵أ
ٶȷһ˿ɲɫĿ˿ǰҵĲ鿴һ⣬ֵʲô
ҶЦʼ棬в󶨡
ν˵壬ҶЦǰòƾͺܽӽ֮㲻ǱȴԱȱкĵģ
ֻҪ椶һĶ֣ҵľڲҪһŮޣǻֵ
ҶЦȻ̾һƺأǧﲻܣ׹纣ܣǳ
ҶЦǰɵһλ򶥼֣Ŀͷ
Ϊɱݺڣ£
ֻλܲòʵǵЦͷϣҶЦ׷ɱǧ֮£󣬸ǽ֯
ֻǴ֪ЦҲصúܣ֪ˡ
˿̣Ц뱩¶ԼݣȴҪװƣã⼸仰˳
׽磬֪ˣûС
ĳĿͷ֮󣬾Ϳɫ䣡
һֱȻһӺһһʵ㡭㾹
ҶЦӿסˡ
Ȼ֪
׽˾Ȼ֪Ĵڣ
һȻĪ׶βûٹ졣֪˲٣֪˵ˣȴһҲû١
ҶЦϼʱǷ𼸷ο֮⣬ǹӵûǹ˰
Ͽףȴǲһģ
ѾͷȻ֪ǼҹӲλԨԴɣô˫ǳأǰߺߣҶЦ޷ȷ顣
ѹѾͷղתһȦ˷Ŀԭڲ֤


96 աŵΪξң
ҶЦңҿñ档٣Ҳδб׼¡
򣬸ղǾʹô
оǣҶЦЩƵķ֣ԴԼ֮ȻһԤ֪Ĺ췽չ
ɫû뵽꣬˵㱻ݺ޵еЦ׷ɱûϢҶΪѾ
ҶЦҡͷȻдź⣬׵˵ЦίʵͷſȷʵĶ֣ʵǷӵ겻׵׷ɱҡôؽ硭
Ϻ֮࣬ȴصһ¡
Ȼ֪׷ɱ飿
ˣ
λӣʲôˣʲô
ôԼû˵أ
˵ܹ֪Ǽµġòƿûˣ֪ǼµÿһǶ쵱ƫƫͶǷƸ¥İ׹ȫӡ󡭡
ǡ
˼
оǣ˵ǣҲûжپ¡֮⣻ƺһǡǡ㡯
ԣǲܺλ˵
ôأҪ֪Ȼ򣬸ô˵ģ㣬Ҳᳬһٸˣһٸ棬òûհ׵İɣ
˵ֻһŮȻô
ҶЦһ⣬ֻȥˣ
ݣƺҲȷ
ϾҶЦһ뷨׽磬ҲֻҺйӲ֪
ˣԲ֪
˵пڡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ԭǰԵҪһϢǸˣЦҶЦѾǰźΧڷˣ
Բۣ
ҶЦһֿѿڶ
һȫȫαװһ
Ůӣôʲô֪
ӱΧ顭Ȼھ֪ˣ
ʲô
ѵ˵׽绹ͨô
⡭ʵ̫ڷ˼
ģ𾪣ȴΪϢĵͷ˵
˾ȱ֮УЦεǿᣬʵ֮ǿƥǿߣô䣡
ȷϢȷԣԼҲţ
ЦȻˡҶЦڵ¶һ˿֪ʲôζĹŹֱ飬ȻźֻǳޣȴһãȻ
ȱ飬ϢʱӦ
вȷ˼֡
ȻˡǺǺǡҶЦĲЦһؾô磿
仰ȻȻԲΪһûȥأһûɱأôˡ˼
ȴһ˿ӡ
ĵһЦ׷ϵɥ֮ȮһļһΪ˶˼Ҷܵ׽ܻˡȻűǰΣǵıզȥأ
ĵӶûˣΪԼǵô
ȻЩǲ˵ġ
ЦҶЦ߲ʲôڵ˵Ǹ߲ʵĴڣ
ͻȻ˵˰ɣ
ҶЦһӾˡôܵ˵Ҳ²ףҪѾ׼ȥˡ
֮⣬ҵƿָˣѾָˡ
ĵĿתתǣΪҪˣ
ҶЦĪ˵ҾȻҵôһ㣬ȴǲ档֪ǷܸϷӡΣ
ЦһȻ𿪿ڣҲҪġȻǣҲ޷ֻǣ˴˿̼Ȼ½磬ʱҲϾͻȥ֪ɷӦһ󣿡
ҶЦü󣿽ϷԸǷ飬ֱ˵ɣ
ɲ̸ʲôֻһ¡ھʲô飬뵽˻˵΢ЦֻҪӦˣ̾ߡ
ҶЦԽԽоλνİ׹Ӳͬˡ
׿Ȼܹ㲻
֮ȻˣָǺε˵֮أ
˵㻹δ뵽Ϸ򲻴ӦҶЦȻҡͷһҪϷһΪѵ飬ʲôʱѪҪϷɱϷҲӦ㣿׵Ⱦ˫ùΪ㹻ʸϷ쿪ô
ĿкһΪ΢Ȼ˵ҲʸˣԺҪ㡣ŭȴȻ΢ЦᣬҵΪѣ࣬Ҳɱһˡ
ɱһˡǵǶôΪѵ顭Ƭ£һ֮ҲΪѡҶЦһɽӵӣڴˣұˡ
ֻҪҽʱǾȥɱȥɡֻҪҵõ
˿㴦áƮ⻪һѾʧϡˣͤͤ˼ʾȫǱױ
ϾƸ¥ǹɣǼ㣬Ȼܿĵġ΢Ц˵˵ӡֵʱ򣬿֮УԴһ˿ư
ҶЦȷλ׹ӣλҲҪ֮ϣ
΢ЦȫȬˣȻȥݷð׹
˱ʱݹ٣׽磬ҪҸ죬ͦءƮͬŮһ𣬺ˣϴ񵭵ЦݣҺڡ
漴һȻɳĻ֮УͻȻһ׵޾Զӹȥ
ӣ֮ͬһ㣬Ʈݣ޾ۣȴƻʵ죬ƮƮʧĻ֮С
ʼգȻûжԵϵ࿴һۡ
ʼգİϣʼûеһˮûȾκһ๸
һȾһȾȥ
صĴ֮С

ҶЦ߽ǰֻڵϣֵԼ˭ʲôΪʲôңҵĿĺڣ
Ȼųµһɱ֣Ͼֻ׽ĵһɱ֡
ڸλûκ˽⡣
һĸ⣬泤㲻ù˭ΪΣҾ͸һ䣬Ҿ㣬ֻΪ˳֣˶ѡҶЦĮ˵㻹ô
ҧֳŵվһȻߣֽûжϣΪβߣ


97 ǿ׷٣
Ȼվվŵȣأڷ
Ȼ״Ѿ;ƿݵĵز֧Ѿȫƾ־ǿţһ͵üʱ˵
ǸӲӣ
ҶЦǰһֲס
ҶЦټӲǣǰԼǰԼһǰ
еоͱˣŲʲôһˤˣǿɾͳЦˣΣҿɶˣɲϣȥȵ󣬾ֻȵһˣ
ԻȻ̧ͷɢĿһæ㣿㣿
ôôںôöҶЦһָͷ
Ȼ˵ϵıȴԵúܼ
ˣ
֮ǰα׷ɱ;ĩ·ڷ˾Լ֮ǰǴΣ֮⣬û֪¡һ仰֪ǰ˾Ǹˣ
ҶЦóһԪɷ˵ֱ
ȻԱǿȡҩЩУȴǾȹԼεĴˣЩʹ죬Ҳûзҩһڣֻоһӿ˲ʱɢ˸Уɢȫ֮Уһ֮䣬ֻ֮ǰƣ֫ٺ˵о֮С
֮УԭѾȥ¥գտҲǹ룬ƾһЩţɢڵЩ΢ԪҲʼٶۣ徹Ȼһ˲䣬»ָ˻ָ
䲻һʶĵʲôҩ˹
ҶЦǵ񵤣
ٶȻһ
˵
ԷȺԼΣλ֮˿̣ȻָԼȺѷļƷ񵤣
ԼǷ˼ҵģòԽԽˡ
ڱ𡭡
Ҳ룺ԼλΪȻߵúףԶǸ֮֮ϣûͱͰǸ˵ôҲг缫޲εˮ׼ʲô˼ңԼе⣬òʲôòְɣ
ҶЦ䣬˲﷽ȥߵһ룬Ԫҩһӣ䱾ΪͬתȻָһСΪֹл߻в㣬ɻѲ⡣
ҶЦȻҲͲٲˡ
ҹƵǰ꺱˹˿Ծưһļ˼䡣
˰;ȷ£ʱһϢ
һϣȻǾƣߣҶЦҲͬľĶǡ
лϢһᣬվ
ƺϰţֻҪлͻվţƯҲ˵ֻǣԺʲô£ܷԸһģû
ҶЦ΢Цû˵
״ŭǿĳôΪûʲôõң
ҶЦ΢Цֻ֣ޣʱпռ䣬ػЪһЪء
Ĭһ£ɬҺγЪһЪֻһɱ֣ɱעӵģһֱվţ㲻иʼձ֡һϰһٲվˣٶȱԾõҲϰ߲ˣ˶ѡ
ҶЦͷ˵ĲеȻǺ½һɱ֣
ûʲôҪȥⲻǿ׻ʵվȻѾ£һԱ֮Ҳʱȥˡ
벻㱩֮ҹ˼ҾԼȴʲôҲ˵Ҫˡɲ㡭ңѵûκĿģ
ҶЦԳĬһ£˵ʱʵĿġǰ˵ΪκЧҲͲκηʽǿ㡣˵˴˴ڽһѣҲδһ¡㲻عڽ黳
δ䣬ҶЦӰѾʧ֮С
һֱղΪֹҶЦһֱͷ
˵ıǲΪκЧ
ǿҲû˼
Ծ֮вӦΥҶЦΪ֮׼򣬾ܣ
һȴڡԼֽ׶εʵʵ̫һ䷢ԼʵʵΪѿΪֽ׶ΣҶҲûһܹĶ֡
ȻҶЦԼ䲻һˣ䲻˵ʲôԾɻܲ
ҶЦһԵˣ˼һֻûʲô˼
ȻɴôƮȻȥ˴¸룬ͼա
俴ҶЦȥҪ˵ȴסڣĳ
ʱʵĿġ㲻ΪκЧҲκηʽǿ㡣
仰ȴ﷭첨
ҵĳԣʵΪҰɡ
Ҷ֮˵˵Ƿ֮󣬱˳ԣƮȻȥûʽ¶ⷽ˼Ȼһ˽ˣ
ԼҲѿͲƮȻȥķԵ
š
䣬һ塢жˣ
ǡԸΪôΪЧҲΥ֮ģ˼ȥȴôôԣڻҡҡͷҲΥԼıģܳΪ£ҿ԰㣬ֻҪҪң
ͬһ֧һ㣬Ļ
ȥķ򣬸ҶЦȻͬһ
Ԫʦ֣ں½ǿεĴڣȻ˿ָֻ̾һҵʵȴҲֽ׶εҶЦܱȵġ
ҶЦһλسǣΪûĿ꣬״ֲ̬״̬ƶٶȲǺܿ죬Ī˵һЦûó
伸ûʲôҶЦ֮ǰӦټ
ԼҲǾȲѣ˵һ϶ҶЦǲܹݵֶΣµԼ׷ġԼ׷
Ϊ²УҶЦΪʵԶԼ֮ϣԼȫ״̬ҲԶԶ˵ڣ
ҶЦȴʼնûлͷ
һ侪ȵǰҶЦƮ볽ǳǵʱ򣬾Ȼڰ;һʧΡĳǽ֮С
žžĴϣסˡ
ˣһֳ̱ΪĵĿˡ
ԽǽȻһֻԽһǽȻҪ⡭ΪһҪ磡ǲźԶԶô£˵ʵ£ظ˭أ
˵ʵʲôӣ֮оˣ
˼⡣
֮ʣԺͻأطһ棬ǳҶЦʱһĻ
գԼޱʥһ׷ɱԼڸ֮࣬ϧʩչԪʱǿͻΧƫ֮ʱֱ˴ɷֵһ졭


98 ôܣ
һգҷԼˣΪܸߣֲԪΪѣʱԼطЧѺľΪΪɶȻ䣬ǵԼͷҷֲɱԼʱ
ǵδǿƳԼȴԽԽأӴ֮ʣˣԼһ֮ʣ⻻ӳ֮˵ףԼⱲӶǡ
ǾĶǵı֮Ҳǿ̹ġ
ղ֮ûмʱΪҶЦĿˡ
ֱҶЦһ䡰Σҿɶˡݣټ֮нԼ£λỳ˵ȷԡ
˼תУ֮Ĳ١
һɼһǰ֮ʱҶЦйһνӴһ֮ʣڼİæ֮УҶЦΣܿһ˲ɱһ̽Ӵݣȴ׾ٵĽҶЦͳ
ҶЦΪǿıܷӦҲ޿֮ܽƿʱ״̬ܽҶЦƿΨһ;ǣҶЦΪôأ
ҶЦʵΪΣҲյôȵԼЩص㣡ҶЦԼʵ
΢ĩΪȴܾԼΣԿɹ
ȴǣò֮ǰˣȫ̸ֹͬжʣˣ
ⲻ֪ò˲ŶԣҪ֪䵱ҶЦǡ֮衱֮ȴǡʶ֮ģôԷ֮أ
Դ˴λ󣬵ҶЦУıļϣǲ˹أ
˼ǰì֮ԽԽ࣬ԽԽԣɻ֣Ȼȷȴ
˿̣ҶЦӰѾҪʧˣ伱æ׷ٹȥ˼ɻȻҪһѰ
Ʈϳǽƺɣɲֽ׶εҶЦܱȵġ
Ԫʦˮ׼ɲ˵˵ġ
Ȼ֮УԾܹȷذյҶЦǰķ򣬸һϢķʽ׷
ҶЦȴȫû뵽侹׷Լ
Լ뿪֮佫ƻָָҲ͸뿪ˡ
µľʵǷ֮أ㲻ٴ֮ǵˣڹ˺ݣҲԲù
ô˵ô룬䶼׷Լ
ܼ򵥣㲻ΪκЧҲǿ㣬ұǾεĶˣҶҲûʲôҪ󡭡һеһж˵һ£ֻǷҵģûǷġ
㻹ʲô׷أ
ȻЦǰһ裬ǧǣǾεĴˣУȴôҲ޷ȵĶˣͳΪһұ˾ΣȴΪͷͨڳαе׷٣
ҶЦȻ֪׷ںȴǱŽԭȺ任˺üηֽ˸֮̽ϢĻصҶ
ЩֶΣԸϾ˶ˡ
Ƕ֮Ķ֣Ҳ㹻ˡ
֮Уȴ䡣
ıΪһԱ˵ǿȴ١
һɱ֣Ǻ½һɱ֡
ֵ׷伣ɱֱرҪĹΡ
ԣȻΪߣֶθֻҪһ϶ѳԶǧ
ͬģ˷ֲˡٲģ˵Ҳʲô¡
˵ǵһɱ֮⣬Ҳõ׷ߣû֮һ֣
ԣʼ׺ҶЦ
ҲǴ죡
һ·׷٣ȷһ£ովԼˣΪǵûԼôߣΪܵ͡
ԶԶȲԼԪΣ
ǴжϣһﵹпܾϴˣΪֹ֮ͬһͬ㡪Ϊ㹻͡
һһȻδԪоԼ
֮һ
֮ǡһò̫˰ɣֱԼҪ˹籩֮У֪󲻻û˸ٵ£ȻȺ任˼ʮελȻ׷ٱǧľ飬ҲкüΣ͸ˡ
ţòƲǲ㣬ѾˡԼƾǿľӦԼЩɱ־飬оѾָ˴ĳǿΪҵۼٴθȥֻ͸ˡ
Щȱһɣ
ȱκһƸϵģ
ȷһ£Ҳҡϣһˣ׷Ĺ֮УעҪ˦ģһ㣬ӹɣ
ߣһ⡭һĨ죬֪ܲʼոϣ
š
֮⣬ʵ벻ϻʲôˣܹ׷ԼǰȺ껹թļһ
ڿһҶ󽫾УȻʶ㣬ȴҲ̲ס֮һ¡
һȻҶ콫еˣ
Բɵĳɱֲɣһһ㣬ȻƮ˽ȥ
ҹ
õڻǿѵȻϡ
û˿ѶȵģҶЦķ棬ظӡ
ҶЦԼķ䣬ڳһһг䶨
ҪָĿǣȴ֪ΪΣĵһֵĸо
·ڱʲôһ㣬ܲĸо
ôѵǱ˸ôҶЦֹ
뵽ҶЦٶһεĳĻ֮УһѾ˷ϡ
ҪĿĹˣ²ĵڣͿԼǰſŵ䣡
һ̣ҶЦһӾסˣ
һߵҲʵʵסˡ
صԼˡҶſ㷿ˡѾľȻַɳˣ
ҪҪô߰硭
ӿɵãͬǧǡмĴмͬû뵽ҶЦٴγڵȵҶЦѾվԼߣ仹ɵǺǵſš
㰡һſڷϣǺģ́ͷŲӵ䣬ҶЦҲ̲סһӣ
˸ȥôǧСĽˣȻûзסһ
ȻܹٵԼûеһʱ
һ̣ҶЦеǷݴܸмֱ
ͬʱһֶʵĿҪǻǰΪƾ䣬ܸٵңʱңܴ㣡ôģ˵ף̫ˣ
Ƭ֮ȥеˣ
ô꣬Ȼڷšڷ֮ҶЦҲͲٽ飬ֱӾ˵һ䣺
Ǻǵĸž͸˽òƻûô׵ǰ״
⡭ķ䣿ڻϣԾЩãȻ
šҶЦһëϵˮ
ûô鷳ȻȻʹݵķ˹
ϼʱһ·˲͸ˡ
⡭ļң仹Щ겻ᡣ
⣬ôܣ


99 ܲں
ϣܹӵʵڲࡣ
µ£ȴίʵҲо𾪵ʴӵĵز
⻰֡ҵķ䣬ҼңҶЦʰϵݡ
ûʲô壬ԱʾԳϡ
֪ˣԭҶ죬Ҷ󽫾ѹִ֪Ҷ󽫾ݱԭԸλıܻ֮ˣʵôΪδԵô
俴ҶЦıӰһɻȻĿšڲӦڱôô
ѹңԭʶ
ЦԷǵҶЦתųһõЦҲҶ󽫾
˿̣ĳѾָ˱Ŀ
ӢӣһЩ۵ӣȻǰ
էĳ˵ɲǼǴľ
ۣѵֲ´ˣ
㡭㡭죬ǰžԲʮӣһֻ̣оͷк졣
Ǿһ֡ˡҲƵĸоͻȻͳԺ
Լղ룬ҶҶ󽫾ÿ˵ǰһʣɴǣʵǰʱ򣬾һò˳µңòȫô£
һʱ䣬һƬհס
ҶЦõЦЦôˣܳԾأ
ڣڵҲڿλһɱֵӡ
ݣͷߣҲеȸԼ΢һ㣻ݲӢҲѿ
Ψ󺣣罣⡣
ˣȺоԲۣһɱֵĻۡˣһȻͻǣɲǹ⻪ȴ£
˿λһɱֵӣòЩ
Ϊ˿촽ţҶЦãǻعȻ̱ϣ˵˵ʵϴΣεˣľ㣿ûбô
ҶЦٺһЦôôбҪ˵ƭô
ԭǰΣĶĿֻһΪͬôܾʣȥ
ҶЦɫȻûнӿڣĵȴ޸̣ôģǾεĶ˺òãɾ˵ɵģǾ仰Ƕģ
ʲôô
˼ת̾˿ٿ˵˵Ҫҵ˼ڵʵ֮Ҫ˵ʱھڷӿʱʵȷԱѡ
ҶЦϧ㲻ᱻκ
һĲ˵ĺĺʵҵ£Ӷ˵ô
䴹ͷ˼֮Уãɬ˵ԲסȻǰΣǷһ뵽Ӵ֮Ҫ£˺Ҿ͸оĲԾԡ
ҶЦȻĵͷһڣѲµ
֮ܳΪ½һɱְ֣йϵ˵ʵ㲻ìܵģʼգҶûǿʲô
Ȼ仰˼Լ׷ٶ˿ôìأ
ܣ
ǣָαأɬʵ
Ǻǣ˵Ҫ㱨ôҶЦһЦԼļ֣ԼԼҪߵ·ЩǡҲУͬģͬȫס
ԣøʲôʲôҶЦ̫֮ǰЩԵֻԵʻˡ
⣬ôܲ⡣Ц
ҶЦ
⣬֣֮ĸңԲΪãô죿
ʲô˰
ڣûʲôҪΪģʵҿԲһеΪɡȻ˵ȥ飬κ飡
ܲɣĲҪκ飡ҶЦһڻؾ
ҶЦγûԼİ
䲻ΪκãҶЦҲͬǿκˡ
ִţҵļ֣˴һļ֣
ѵͲϸһĻôұǸεģһӣʧʵ
ǺǣôңԶģԺܻлġҶЦƮƮ˵ĵţȻлȵҵʱ
һ̾
ҶЦȻô˵ҶЦĵĿĳ
Ī˵δʱҪҶЦҲԼġ
˵ԼͲ֪ʲôʱҪ
Լһ˽ˣǰȻᣬЩۣȴҲһ˼ˡĽҪԼ֮ϣ
Ҫؽɱ֯˵
ŶҶЦѾԼɾˣ˴ߣЬӣôбб˴ϣֻŶȥһȻݣЩʧ˵Ͼڡ
Ȼȴ֪ҶЦ̬ѾԼ̸κλ⣬ѾǷһʽˡ
ҪĽ顣˵
ҶЦ䶼ףô˵ǵͬҶЦȻлЩܡ
λ֮ȴ޷ѡ
Ϊһɱ֯ҵı
ҶЦĺܲɣҲɱ֣ԸʲôõĽ飬ͲŪˡ
վԶԲǡ
˼ֵʱ뿪ǡ
ҶЦҲɵ㣬عξΡ
̧ͷɫ䣬벻ҪҾ£˵潻ˣƼˮˡα˹ڻ
ãڸɬ˵ˣҸǡģҲй¶κ顣
ҶЦ˵Һ˵κ飻䣬Ϊˣ̫ˣαأ
ɬһЦĵ磬Ƿξ֮ȴκαĻᣬܹѣˣǲ֪ô
ߵǰٶȶס˵Ҷӣһ£ҿΪЧꡣ֮Уĺ֮ɣΣ
ҶЦٺһЦΣҪ
漴˵缱һ·ߡߵʱҪҹϴӡ
֪ԷٶȾܾԼ顣
꣬ѾܹޣԷȫûпǱһھͻؾˡԷĽڡΪԼ˵Ը⡣
ԣҪ˵꣬죬ԷҲʩ᷽ʽı
Ȼ䣬Բʩᣬò
Ȼ̾ϢһƮԽҶЦĴϡ
ԼģҶЦ˵Ѿһ£Ӵ˺Ƿȥɡɱ֣Ǵ󽫾ˣ·ͬͬʵʲô
Ȼĵƾˡ
һɬתԷ˵һ£ԼĻһ洰
ϴӵľܹ֮ͣξ֮Ტ


100 
ҲףԷĿȻûûжֻǺƽ͵ô˵֪ԷĲں
߿ԲںҡҲܲںô
ڱУڷվãһ̾Ϣɶȥ
ҶЦںڰУЦЦ૵ɱ֣Ҳͦɰġֻǵ͹ҶЦҪʩôðôΣվ㣿
ҡһɱ֣ĳΪҵūšôҲͲǵһɱˣһϸɱֵʸ񶼲߱ˡΪ̬ı仯͵˱ʵ˲
Ҳö㡣
ѣһ·ߡ
ҶЦ˯ȥ
һҹڣǹ۵ˣ
ڶա
鱦á
ͬҶЦʱæµһʱ鱦ҲǻһƬɹ
ԴӴϰˣ鱦ͻȻͱý⣬̻Ȼա
ǹɽ󹩷Ƕ꣡
ش󹩷ʱڴλ֮ĵֱӾˣ
дϰԲʱ˼ȦʵЧʿνǸܸܵģÿ춼񾭲һ㣬תתȥ
תתȥݴʶе㲻УΪֱͣӾӦǹȥ
ңÿֻҪɽͻιסʣǸ֮ûУ˰ɣûô
һ쿴ɽʮΣĻȴٶʮ飡
һ䣬ȻҪһ䣺ôûɶʱ
֮Ի˵ǡ١ΪڽУʱʱ˵ϼ䡪
Ǽһﲻ˰ɣ
쵰ô˵ô£
Ϊʲô֪ôôѵǻ쵰˻ˣ
ҪҪȥԺһ飿
Ϊɶأҷ
ɽͷ綷챻ˣ
⻰һ㶼ţֻҪˣһ챻ôϸʮ飬˥ġҲԽ͡
ɽãٱϰôȥԼһģǷ֮衭ֲҶӣʲôʱΪʲôզ֪ң˭ȥҷҷʲôʲôϢͷҷôҷ̸צ
ǡǴϰʻܲش
ÿһιػشЩظN֮󣬹ش󹩷;ԼҪˣҲٱʵʱ򣬾ķˡ
ڷչɽһϰ壬ʶľŵĨ֮ͣزز
һôƨطӣӵȥ
ϰҪ㻰ӵùô
ƣϰԽԽżѾżˣֱӾܵɽʣ֮ûУûϢ֪ɶʱô
Ҳɽʱ򣬾͸ɴ෢еˣùش󹩷ң
ǹɽֱϰǰ
Ȼϰͷһ䣺֮ûûϢ֪ɶʱô
ɽħ䣬ɫɷףֱ㶵ĵ۾ֱȤ
Ҫƿڴͬһʰ˰ٱ飬ܺô
仰Ѿת˰˰Σȴʼû˵ڡ
£ôͷ˼Ҵϰ壬öػ
ⲻ֪ϰиƣ
Ƶ˼Ҫɱĵز
뵱һʱۣһʱԵһ컹ıԼǧꣻȴûпÿһҪߡ
ǰǧûĳȥżȻȥһתͷֻ飬ᣬԼƵҪҪģΪǶԼһ֮
˵걾ⱦңһԼôͷǵý֮ȥأ
ⲻӽˮʲô
ĳȥˣȴĳȥ֮漴֪һ֮¾޽еĳ
֮Īڴˣ
֪һϢʱҪϵɱˡ
ɲһ顭
֪鱦ĴϰഫֻҪս鱦Ĵϰ壬־ҪԶĳ
鱦ഫĹ
Լȴ֪
Щഫļ̳ߡʵȫԼνഫһ˶ĿİϷ
˲֪
ҿ±˶֪ⶪ˿涪ѼˡڤôҲŪ״תתȥ
ŪɾҪˡ
Ϊôһǲɱ컢ĿԼ
ǸĿתȦӣĮ˵תȦӣʲôãСҲ湻ģôöţȻô궼˵
ķϴ죬Ҳʱһⲻǲ֪ⶫļֵôԭֻΪǺܶ£˵ķ顭
ϸ𳰷ЦٺһҷķΪ꣬ط㳤ϣֲ鱦Ϊ½һСôҵģ
̿ԩǰǰڤ飬ίʵǲ֪еϸǰ룬֪ĻôܽôΣӲἸӾ͸ѽЩĶҲֻǰһвмֵ˵ˣ׸ǰֻҪǰˣһʹͣ׽Ҳƽ򲻵ôô˶ӡ
üĵ˵ҲеȷʵôĲ١
һڽһûƵ͡Ư֮һɫ۵úܡ
Ϣ𣿡˵ȻʵǸ֮裿
һ仰ʱҪȥϵ
⼸죬˵˹ɽٴ仰ȴҲͬǰ˶ٴΡɽĸоȫܹᣬͬܣ᲻
ɽԼʣֻǱƣԼʣȴһһεвеĳܶȡǲһİ
ʱûϢΪȫܲµ˻˵ʲô
ôûϢ
ҪʲôʱϢ
㻹ҵȾã֪㵢Ҷʱô
ЩٳٴΣ㵹Ҳˣ
ʱͻȻšѵһƿһ̣ɽ̬ӵͬʮ߰Сһ㣬͵ĳ˽˷֮Ĵǡ
еĶǶȴ˵ͻȻһ
ɴ۾˴ҩһͷͬľܡ
ԭڵ䣬ǽκ˽ģɽȻ鱦ϯʦҲ֪Ĵڣȴ򲻸ôģôˣ
ɽһ֮࣬ʼڴڵĴָϥǣϾѾܴˣһ˲˷Ծó֣ƣ˲ʱ֣ͨ죬Ϊȵ˶Ϊ˷ܡ
ģһ챻ʰ˰ٱ黹òشĲʹӣڹͷˡ
Ǹ֮衭


101 Σ
˭ˣ˶ǵɴ۾ǰ϶״еĪһʱ䣬ȻûӦ
磬֮谡񵤵ķ֮谡
ɽһ仰˶ʱסˣ
Բۣ
ͬ˵ˣ
ﻹ˵ǰĹɽͬƨһ˳ȥſڣȴͣ˽ŲָƵӡ
ȴѾͷĹ¥ݡ

ҶЦѾϺܷǳ൱ĳסˡ
ôǮһôЩ첻Ųʣһܹ쵽ġ
ʵĳȱǮˣδػ鱦ٶڼǲȥˣЩǮĳû̫ڣ
ֻǣǰҶЦȻûаȫȡߣҲһʺܴĿǮ֣ô죬ôͻȱǮأ
ȴҪһҹıͷ˵𡪡
ҶЦʵһʱ򣬺Ȼ֣֮࣬ʪ֮˳ž˵ֽ뵽޾ռ֮ڡ
Ȼˮռ棬һ˿˿ʪʪϢĳӿ룬λۣҪˮӡ
ҶЦĺЩơ
ѵ˪ѩЩȻ£ҲܹٽΪ񹦾ݲҲ̫һɣҶЦ˰죬ֳˮ˰죬ȴûиоʪ֮ӡ
ˮļ֮ˮתΪʪ֮Ӧֻ֮ˮҲν޸֮ˮܹΪռ֮ˮҶЦΪԼˡ
챩ꣿ
꣬Ҳǰĳͱ꣬ı꣬꺱
굱һʱĻ
ôܿͻˡ
ȻָʱУǾֻܿô
ν浹룬Цǰ˵Ļۣת֮䣬뵽һֿ󷨡
ֻҪܹ㹻񣻲һС͵Ʋ󷨣ܹԼʱƣһΧ´ˮ
òƺǿУˡ
ǲʲôеĶɣҲײã׽磬ͺЩΪˣΪ󷨵ıҪƷ񡱣½òƺϡ٣ັúܣ
˶һҲһ飬ȻҲδؾʶˡ
۸񣬸֮еۣ
Ȳ˵ҲҵõҵĳеĲ˵ǱˮнҲ࣬ΪҪһС͵Ʋ󷨣Ȼ̫ȴҲһ͹˵ġ
Ҫӵ㹻񣬾͵㹻ǮҶЦòƾûôǮ
ԣҶЦҪӣ
ҪǮ
ҪʴʵǮ
ȻҶЦȻ뵽Լ鱦еһڶӣ
˳£ˡ
ֻǣ֪ڵ鱦֮ǰȣѾ췭ظı仯
벻ȴԼģȻһܵ޵
ʱ̵ȴţֻ㣬Ͷ

ѾԶԶĿ鱦ҶЦЦˡ
ĵлĻṩνĵ񵤣ԼǻвءȻǰǣӶȷʵá
ǡҪȥҡ
ʯ񣬹ҫݵߡ
ҶЦǰҲù񣬵ЩȴǳεģǱȡı׼ֻҪˣ
Ͼͨĸ߼ȼȴҲټ
˿̿׽磬Ȼκλ涼϶Ĵڣȴ֪̺ʯɸʲôӣ½ûʶͷʹ顣
ˣһһҶЦ૵ܱܲɡ
ʩʩȻ߽УҶЦͱش󹩷һ
ΥĹɽֱ֮Ӿͺǿһɽı飬һǿǧУһظȴּ˹һĹ顣
Ȼ󣬹ͷܸɴĵͷܣ
ǲ֮ýֱͬ׳ǰ
ҶЦסˡ
ô£ʲôҶЦظоòЩԾ
ɽԼӦõģȫû·ĵزȴʵǲ
ô˵ҲһʮϹʶ㣬Ӧ
У˼֮⣬òƻӦúɣϽԼȵĴкһѯůԼùϵɣ
ı֣ò̫ˣ³ѵʲôط⣿
ҶЦ˼￴˿ֻſϣѾ˼ˣվš
էһҲûʲô쳣ƺͨĿž䡣
ǼǵûĻſڵػҲĸ˶ѣ죬ȴǰ˸һҡ˸˾ȻĶԼǸоôͺԼһء
ڣҶЦһָоԼ˿뿪Щ˶Լ
ʲôţҶЦüͷһ壬תſ߹ȥ
δߵſڣѾһӭЦͷү󹩷֮ǰ֣صүֻҪˣһԵƬ̣ʮ𼱵飬Ҫͷү
ҶЦĵͷͰ׵˵ֻ֪뵽ſ͸͸
Ǵ˵ˮѾϣүá
֮ǡͱȥ͸͸ˣڷȿڲɡ
ҶЦüͷһʲô˼Ҫ߳ſ͸ô
󺺵ıԽǫʼյҶЦǰһǼ󺺣ȻƶȻҶЦڵλγһֺΧ̬ơ
ÿҶЦüȵʶˣ鱦УһΣڿٽӽȥпɼؼµĺ
£е˫֣Ѿɻƽɫ
õĻƽ֣ҲҪһٶȳ֡
λǴķ֮衭үɣһˬʵͻأ𣺡鱦ƶˣ֮ǰŷүȴԵһ棬һʵң
ҶЦüѭͷ
ֻӶ¥¥ϣһ˶һ·˹
ò涼ڲĹ
ȵһ·¥ݣҶЦϸϣȷϣ⡭Ȼһˣ
˵Ĳòûеģ۷ֱ治һԲԲһԴôװ߶ԲԲļϣϷΪֵ̫ԵʣټȫһڱϼѪڵͣϿı֮¾ȻֻܹӣСݡ
ԲԲСȺȻѾһ壬һСȣǳͦǳ֧Ȼ壬Ȼƶ÷ǳ٣
ֻǣֻ¥ݶѣȻѾͷϺˮ䡣
ƶĴۣòƲư
ѽѽүҶЦȻʱѾ첽ǰ˫ֵľֺɷ˵һѾͽҶЦսģҡΣѽѽ֣ү⼸ûʱ䣬үĶ˺üʮأҵȵĺÿ࡭


102 СŽ
ҶЦ˿̸оֻСԼֱƬķǿư˽ȥңƨֵĳ⡭
ٿǰٶһЦݣ߶µķ⣬ĶӣԼϵķҲ޹ɵĲһֱվֹǰεķ⡭
ƨɡŻͲ˵ˡ
Ҷ¶ĳּΪı飬૵⼸ûˡ
һʱͷֻоͷմ˴ĲХ
Ҫˡ
ô
Ŷƹ񡭡ϰ塭ҶЦһ£ת֮䣬ŵּһ̧ȴǼæذԼͱϣ˼֮ٿνҶЦĿǰΪļ֮ȴǳ٣һ硣
Ǹǡ°ͲѾʵ춯
ģ
һ㶼ŵģ
°;ǼѾˣ
ЦΪˣǰҲǵһμ˵ȻȻȻǸˡ
ڿһĻһ˲鲻ԽŴ졣
ڡȻ˲䣬ҿӦ乻Ѹһ㡭
ܹǿߣЦҶЦʧ̬ģǾһˣ
æס°ͣ˵׻ȴֲ壬ǺǺǡ˵ˡ
⻹ĲܹҶټ֣ʵĶλѾáˡһƲһˣ
ҶЦҶԣû˿ΪһԪһȭԴ¾ҲǽN֬Ҳ˲ͷģ
ҶЦһ߽ӲЦţһʹԼֳ˳
ְѳ֮࣬ȴʱоòƽһĸоġ
ǸоνѼΣ̫ˣ
ò˿ҲδҶЦĲԾһƬˬ֮Ц룬֣¥롭˺üǧĺò衭˰ɣϲύѣǷʿ棬ʤʡ
һ򿪻ϻӣϲ಻ϡ
üǧĺò衭ͱɻ˰ɣ
ҶЦԼȻȫûвԵء
̣ȻԼķܸ˴ʲôӾһһ߹Ц˰ɶëûУ֣ĵû취ʲô⡣Թʳһ£ÿֻˮɽǺĳ⣬ɴҲ˳ȻҪܶൽʲôز
һʼ¥¥Ȼʱ֨֨ȻЩظ
˳Ȼؾ͵ڡ¥ҲͲһǧİѣЦˡ
ţƣ
ҶЦҵ˲廰ĻᣬԵ˵ôһ䣬һϵ޻١
һǧİ
ЦЦò˵иҵһܹǷ켫ˣʮУг״ԪһУȻǹĵһˣ״Ԫף֮ʵ
ҶЦ̾˵ԡ
˿ҶЦ֮ԷǹάǷĵ׵ĸп£ֻ벻ģǲܵģ棬Ȼ治а
˵֣ȻֵزҲǹŽδ֮氡
Цϧ͢ȡʿΪ׼¾꣬ݺ˭ǰҶԵָɱ
ֹǵָɱһЦԣҶЦóϷ
һ·һ·ģ˲ңҶЦеľ裬ǵû˿Ľڴ˿۷塣
Ϊһˡ
һˣƺƮǰ񳣬̬壻£ƮȻ
òư޺ôһˣ
˿̣ЦҶЦһĶŵʩ񣺡
ҶЦĿ˲ʱȥӣȻ߹ȥٶ̧ͷλǡ
ȴ¶һƬϺ֮еɻ
ȻЦ˿̵УȴǾ죬ƽ
ˣЦʶ
ˣ
ҶЦʶЦʶ
˾ϴμ棬ʱ䲻ܳҲ¶ѣ
ǰЦһսˣУ
֮һʮУھţ罣񣻹Ž
Թŵ֮紵ˮ޺Ѵݡ
ҶЦҲû뵽ԼǰĹˡˣ
ΪˣȻ˺½
ˣҶЦڿȷһˣ£Ϳʼɻ֤ڿȷˡ½֮䣬Դͨ
ͨпܾڡУ
ֻǡиԵֻͨضղˡ
ҶЦ֪ĹŽΪ䣬½޷أ
Ԫ֣
½󾳽磡
ԪԪԪ
Ԫʦ۷徳磬Ѿλļޣ
˵㾳֮⣬󾳽硣
ԪԪԪ
ÿһ󾳽磬ǷΪƷÿһƷ֮䣬൱Ĳ࣡
ڴ˱Ƚ֮£ѿλŽԺ½˵ǺεȿŵĴڣ
˵ɣҲǾΪġ
һˣȴҶЦĳң
ڻҶЦǰ
ҶЦһڲˮһȥڵĳ⣬Ҳһڲˮ֮Уȫʽ˶
أ˿¶
۷ʱڵЦնɱŽ̽ȡ
ʱ򡭡ŽҪɱ˿̵ҶЦôһ
ֻҪһ۾һ񣬾ҶЦ
ľ޴࣡ҶЦôܲСĽ
չţֱȷճ꣬ǲԳƺΪ֡ŽһƵᣬֹ̺ǿ̣ûб̶֣һ仰Ѿ˵Ĺϵü
ڵҶЦǰٲȻһλʿ
һвҲûС
ԭǹֵ档ҶЦЦЦַˣĳһۡ
ŽЦˣͷŷ˼յһᣬȻúܡ
ҶЦЦ껪ˡ
˴˴Եؿһ£˫˭Ҳû˵ӪĻҶЦ֪ԷʵĿģмɵģʱ˵˵ٴıԽŽΪأͬûй࿪ڡ
ֻǣҶЦȴһ£һڴ˼ʼ˽顣
ղŻ٩٩̸˿Ͼǹص˼㡣λ˵ĸоȴǾĺܣǿװƽ֮£ȻһηУ֮
һϺ֮󣬹ŽŶʹһεɫҶЦ֮Ķδܹ
ʽġһЦϵûƽϢʱʵ֣ϴδĵ񵤡ǺöǰҲΪ˴¶֪֡Ǻǡ
ҶЦȵЦЦ񵤣Ʒף¼ʦڷԡ棬ϴģ׼Ƶڶ¯ҩ


103 ƣ
Žһۡ
ʦ
֣ȴ͸¶̫Ϣ
Ҳ˵֮裬ǲ߱Ƶ񵤵ֻǸˣпƵó
Ǹˣһλʦ
ֻǶڴ˵㣬šԤϣҶЦķ֮裬òȻҶЦ곤࣬ҲʮͷӣͣʵʦͷԹҹ䱳һʦĽͣ
Ц̽˵֣֪ʦԪ񵤼֮⣬ǷҩҲ˵ȵز
ҶЦΣȻ̧ͷƺһȻʲôģ鱦֮ǰĺΪ죬ȻʵԾʵʵ˵ˡ
Բһ
λ֮Ҫ§һЩʲôҪ
ʦʽʼǴȥ꿪ʼҶЦĵһ仰˴һӡ
ʲôȥſʼ
˵һ꣬ʦ񵤣
ǷƨأǷƨأֻǷƨأ
λΪſڴƻƣֻ̧ۣȴֻ˵ʵ־ˣƷĵ񵤣Ѿõ֤ҶЦ˵
Ըꡣ˵ͷʵ
ʦپʮ꣬ΪֻõԪƷȴѾ츳¡ޣҲ֮ˡ
ҶЦ渵ʦ˼ҳһʦͥ׾ͶĿȾĸȴֻϵĿ飬ؿధҲ
˵ŽüͷԽ
Ž˵ЩȴҪ˽⡣
ԣȻҪʱ򵱺һѵɫ
ʵΪΣ
ҶЦ𼱡˵ȥ
æ졣
֮ʦļʮ䣬ͽеܹѼĵ伮ȫˣڿ伮֮ΪԼڿʵˣĸȴԾɲһ̵˼㡢ֱ˼Ҫ󡣡
ʲôҪô̵㣬η˼ٶʱĳʵ
ǡЩ飬ûһִģȫҪһֶܴҶЦĵŵһؾǱ飬ӵеĵҩ伮½һָȱ©Щһкü䷿ô࡭ѽʮ꣬ȴҲûܹе龡ͨһ飬ʦĸȴҪʦ֮ȫУһִ©Ѷȵ죡
֮Ҳ뵹һ²͸λ׵Ҫʲô
Ǻأ׷ʡ
ʦȥˣȥˡûȫʱʦ徣֮ǰʦе˵һеڱУѾƵʦҩһ;˼ΨԼ֪ʵúԶԶԶ
һ;ģ񲻹ֻ߳·;һѡ
ϧһֱˣһǡһʼʱĲĲĲ
˵ŽҲþ۾
ߣ˵еĵ񵤣ܹյףҲ˵
ʦүʱ֣˵ڿ飬ѾǱѧϰ̬ǡⱾﲻԡ
ңַҲѾΪһּȶģʽһжγһϰߣһֹɣ޷ġԣһҲǴ˵֮еĵ񵤣
ϵǧǧЩ飬Ǹеġÿһȴжߵĸӡѧϰע˼ڣԶܳԽЩˡΪȻעӵʦ뾭иԣѧġ
˵ŽΪ֮ͷ
仰ʵ̫еˣֱǵ֮
ͬͬһ׽һʦͽܣóЧȴǲͬһ
ʦͽˣʩչͬĽʵȴ׽
Ȼ濴ͬӳʵԼεӰȴȫͬġ
ҶЦ˵š
ʦǰҪʦĻǣԣҪ㡭һһҪڱЩ֮󣬽֮⣬ÿһֽҩҪָƣ;ȫǸʱ򡭡
ǸʱٽЩȫ׵ֻԼôĻۣܽһΪʦһµǰ򣡡
ߵó߲ǻΨһһ֮ͨ·
ʱʦ˵һ仰
ʲôʱʵ
ʦ˵һ죬ܹаԼ߳Լ·ԼȫаԼ·ֻԼôͿԿʼˣһ죬ܹ˼ļƷҪҷϣһ㣬ɾգҼ̡
ҶЦ˵꣬һ֮⡣
Ž˿Ҳѱ̾Ϣ
ԭˡ
ʦԴ֮󣬹ȻμʦүĽ̻壬ЩһֱУߣɽѰҸҩģٶ䣬ʼգû¯
һֱǰסʦڴ󳹴򣬾ɽϴЦʼĵһ¯ҩ
һ꣬ʦپʮ룡
ʱҸʦѾʮ˸ͷȴ̼ǵʦ˵Ǿ仰ǡҶЦĿ¶ɫ˵İꣻ̣ͯۻ軨·һĲ񵤣ɽˮ·һ죻֮·ʼӽսȪ
˵Žٶͬ̾Ϣ
ԪߣǲͻԪΣһѣҲǾԹȥİһصģ
Ԫİ꣬졣
֮֮ʦپʮʱ򣬴󳹴򣬵İٴޣֻʣ˶̶ѣ
һİǧ࣬Ϊ룡
ߣν˲Իͣ㲻࣡
񵤡ôġ˵ɵ̣֮Ǿ˽İ£ɵ֮ѣǿδŽĿ¶һָпĻȻ
ֹҶЦ˵ʦĵȻİ£ֻȶѣ
ŶŽʶ׷ʵ
ŽʷҶЦطԹŽݣ򲻸׷֮˵ҶЦһ˵ǣʵǽ˵ĺĵ˼㣬ԹŽΪȣѿ׷ʡ
ҶЦȴ˿Ϊ裬شʦ򵽵ĵ裬ʵҲֻһֶѡ
һ֣ʲô֣ͬʱʵ

ҶЦ˵
Ȼ𰸣⡣
һ֡ҶЦֺһڲˮò˵Щڿˣֵڽе֪ʶȫ͸֮ʦסʵЩܹƵϵʦʦߵ·ȷģν;ͬ飬Ǵ


104 ν
ȫȷġ
˱ͻʯ쾪Ĵһ
۾˰죬ôһ˼һѪ
һӵʱ䣬֤Ľ˵Ķȷġ֤ƨ
԰ꡣҶЦЦЦ
Щʦ֮ûܹﵽ۷ĵزֻΪǣĲ̫ӡҶЦʦһ֮Уȴֻһ£ԣ˼һĴˮȫް
֮ʦԼķǷ㾻죬Ȼԡ죬ϵ֮ģʼ
ʦһһνӴ¯
ô仰ȴǹŽʵġִݺ͵ȻҲάֲס
ôʧˡҶЦһ¯ʧܣڶ¯ʧܡʮ¯ȫʧܣһֱˡʮ¯ĳɵͨԪǣʦôһֱȥڰ֮󣬼ʦѾ֮ĵҩ
֮꣡
ٶȣһĵʦ˵ֱƼĽ࣡
һ֮󣬼ʦѿ֮ҶЦƽļ˵ˡ
֮󣬼ʦ˵һ¯񵤣ҶЦ仰ڽе̵棬ȫ
һ£
񵤣
ӳ񵤣
˸оͬһ㣬뵽λʦİٶĻۣȴͬʱ
һҶףһһӵʱֻһ£ʲôǵĻôʲô飬ǡҪʧܶѣ
ʲô鶼ǣԲͨϵĲǣǡһУԺ֣ʳסУŮ˽顭
ȫģȫĵͶ룡
ĪȴָеȻô࣬ǲɹүδ̫ˡ
ҶЦ˵Ŀóһֱ̣𶯣
񵤸ոճ¯ϼڣͬʱ֮𣡡
󣡡Ž˵񵤳¯Ȼܹ󡭡
һΣڵڳ¯ʱʦ죬Ȼ档ҶЦʹ˵
ǰİۣΪһȻǵƣȻǡܲٸнŽ죬ɫһƬȻ
ڼʦ״֮󣬱㲻ȥΪʦ㡣ʦǰһʮ죬һԲҶЦص˵
ŽҲԡ
ǵģǻԼҲֻһԲ
ΪѾ˵Ҳ˵
ʲôܹİµļ
ʲôܹһӵļ֣
ԣⵤؾ˵ʵܼ򵥡ҶЦЦЦʦܽ˼仰ǡ֮ģ֮ꣻྻ֮ྻ֮ǣȾȾ糾˺һ
ô򵥣ʮֱ֣ͨеؾоϣ
ҶЦ˵ˡ
Žһĳ̾˵֮ģ֮꣬ྻ֮ྻ֮ǣȾȾ糾˺һ˵ĺá˵ĺð
ȻҡͷǿЦ˵һֻ⼸֣ܹģ棬мأ
һ̣ԭǸ뷨ֱʧ
ԭŽ
ֻҪ׷ڤ߿˳ͽʦץȥרΪԼ
ԼǿԴ㵤ʦԭֻԪһĵ񵤣ֻҪйտ߾硣
ʦԵҩƵ̶ȣǽıȻ;ǵʦʱ򣬻еִ뷨ԴǰջȴκεʦҲ޷ģ
˿һԵ֮󣬹ŽԴŲɣ
Ҳ˶ȫǸͷвȣֳܱ֮ġ֮ꣿҪ˵ʲôȾȾ糾˺һǾ͸ǳˡ
ľһƣԸΪƳɹ񵤣컯񵤣
ڽʦֱӻٵˣڵܵõһЩ
ҶЦ˵ƹʣŲɡ
ΪҶЦ˵ЩǾԱ첻ġ
еۣҲȷǷʡ
е
벻ǡ
ǰˣЦ
ҶЦ˵ЩȻ٣ֻۣһǵۡ
ģ˹ȻҶЦʦȴҶЦǰΨһĽֵܣ׷󵶵ֵܣз
ֻ˿̱ҶЦĵĿȫǣƻľŹ
˵ҶЦλֵܣҶЦǰһŭ֮ɱ䣬Եġԭڣ
Ȼ˰ҶЦ˵ȥ񵤵ĻǺáһӻʣ¶ʱ䣬׼ȥӻ˵ĶʱɡǵĻӻġ
ΪзǿаڵϣǾûκγɹܵġ
ȻǴеۣӦڲʵķ棬ôҲûɾ͵ģ
ֱָУ
ҶЦ̧ͷŶЩζĵЦһʱУоȻˡȥȴʵ벻ɡΨһĿܣΪⵤƷɣҵ˸֪Ƿء
Щڨڨġ
鱦ں½λۣյȷʵ˳䣬Ҳû취ڴ˵صˣͲˣ
ҶЦ˵Ѿϲֱ˵˳֪СǷܹסء˵˳һˣʦһѪҲӶλ֮ȥʧ
ˡæ֣ͣȱСˣ
ҶЦζ˵ǿǵ񵤰˭Ҫء
Ž΢Ц֣˵ĻʵǾ㵱ҪҲֶΡ
һ£ֿ˵ʷ֡Ǹ߲εĵҩʦǷأ
ҶЦȻһ£Ͽ϶ǿеģʦ״ҸղᵽˣģδʱҲδ
⡣Ž漴Ͳ⣬˵оǡ֮ԶԷЩòʵΪ顣
ҶЦԲΪ֮Ȼ飿
һ˲䣬ҶЦȻ˿Ȼڵ׻ŨŨľ裡
ҶЦ˽Žˡ
˿ãȼѣķڱҲ֮ѡէۿȥһ˾ӵĵ䷶
ҶЦȴ֪նͬȥ˼㡣
һЦһȻεɱ˵飬治֪ɹ١
вˣЦص֮£Īš


105 Դͷڴˣ޻
ŽıΪֻǳԪƷѣֻһֶѣΧҶЦսУȴΪؼá
һʼˣ̸е壬ǸɣӽҶЦҶЦ˾裬ղЦذΧ֮С
һۣΪǿܶı˶òˣ׷ɱҶЦ֮ʵ׵ĹŽһȴʼպˡֻһͲѿ˽
ΪǵѪ嶯ȥսȻһʱɥЦ£
һˣҶЦ;ƿǿгΧʱҶЦźݺݵһʹһǰͨĿ
ʼգֻһ֡
һγ֣شҶЦȫˣɼ˶ʱķִյѾȥһŵĲΣ
ͬʱҲЦһһȴյЦ䣡
һĻƻˣȴαװˣҶЦ˿ҲҴ⡣
ЦһĴڣ꼴ʹǿߵΧˣҲδйһ塱֣Ȼڴ˿̣ԹŽһϣͻ˵ʣһ˿̬ѳƿ֮ĸоҶЦԣίʵǰδеľ
ʵʵ̫ͣ
Ŷ£ǺأҶЦЩˣе˿ҲûΡ
ȴǵʱ򡭡Ž赭д˵ִһǵϷĴ£ϷķֲͶʡ
˵ãһ鱦վȽŸҾͻǰȡءΪʱԶҵı⣬Ƕ˳ȥ˵Ǽ¶ڹĳȴзͬһ塭
ôһ˵ҶЦʱ˹Ž˵ʲô
ڤ
ڹŽ˵ĻҶЦͷȴѾ˲¼ʮķƨ
ǵƨҲûôŵġ
ǶģѾ쵱ڹŶأֲͶʣǡӵɵô
鱾ҷʧҲǲ÷ֳԿġŽ˵ֵյۣĳԸ˫ء֪㿴Σ
˫۸
ҶЦжʱͽʮ˱ھٷһһ顣
Ҫ˵˫Ĵۣ򱶵ļ۸Ҳһë
ǿڤ
ΪǴײأȻ˫۸񡣹Ȼǽӵȫûˡ
ȴһˬʵЦЦڴӦһʣһ⣬ֵʲôû⣬ֻǲ֪ʲô˵һĵرֽȴָ֪һأ˵֮ͻǡﻹõʲô˫ۣڹΡ֣ɾǿС鱦Ǯƣû̫£һ⡣
ŽЦ˵ˬ죡ȻˣҲֱˡһڤ۾ضҶЦɫ¾ͱҲ㲻ʲôöȴǹĳĴ֮Ҽң֣ȫ
ǵ񵤳һûҪһʦҲѾ˼꣬ȫ˴УŽͽǰ֮ץ̿ʣֱ˵ĻЩϻ
ŽȻڤ־ڱصã񵤣ȴҲǲݷŹĺö
ڴˣŽҲֻסӣҶЦ
ҶЦԶʱס͵վԳԵʲôʲôʲô졭ڤ
ŽҲסʵ֡ôô
ҶЦһƨϣȻôǶأ
Žüͷ˵ôʱʲôô
棬Ѿ˲֮⡣
֣лĳ⡭ҶЦһ̾ҪǸѾˡ
ŽüͷɫѾ֮⣬ǡ˭ˣ
˵ʵһ治֪ҶЦü޿գڤͲҪ򣬶ҪġҲĵģȻûвμӹ鱦νڤȴҲжţһʦУҪ
ô£ϸ˵˵ŽԽԽǸоЩȴԾסʵ
ţġһʱ֮ǰһʦṩĵرɫҩģкܶΪϡģȫǿ֣ûУУȴòϡһ㣬Щ㹻ʮ¯֮ãõġʦǵɣֻҪһҲ͹ˡһţȴǵ񵤡
ҶЦüͷֿʼ£ֻι£ȴҪĶˣʦϳ֣ΪҪѶ̫ˣĵҩǼƷȻܹɵң۳ɾ͵񵤼Ȼʮݲọ̈̄ˣҲδܹһš
Ʒҩ֪ʲôʦҲɵѣؼʱֳ̣ˡ
˵ǽתƵġҶЦ飬һŬӡ
ʲôŽ֮£ȴһӾվ
ɫࣺתƵǴûô
ԲģҶЦ֤Ȼֵ֮ǰû˵־ǴΪʦΪ£ֹ˺ü¡
תƵʲôƵʵ
תƵרơ֮ʥҩŽֵѾƷҲڶ鵤ңҪ񵤼ôֻԵԪƷϵĸ޷ָشſõõǵɾ͵񵤼ľתƵǵԪƷ֮µĸֳȥǵ棬ᵱѣҷ𡭡
˭ȻҪֶŽԸо鲻Ծ
ǰλ֮һʵͽʵӣܹ˲Եˡң졭òҲ첻תƵ
˿ֻ鷳ˡ
֪֪Ǹ˵֣Žüͷ
治֪ˣʦ̸֮Ҵ඼ֳҶЦŬţѵĵˡòʦ˵ʲôʲôԣʲô
ȷ͵һ´ȡ
Žɫһʱ侹ѿˡ
֮УԡΪŵģһҲֻ˶ѣһһ춯صĴ
һԼǲ
û˵˵İ
ʲôʲôӣߣأòͷ·Žһʳʮ⡣
ţֻζѣӡҶЦüͷ齹ת˼ӣȴǽӣһһһ顣


106 ķ֮衢
ҶЦÿ˵һ仰Žϱ͸ѿһ֡
ȵҶЦ˵꣬ŽҲ³һ૵˵ԭԭȻûӵ׽硭뵽ġҪ񵤼ľתƵˣ֮⣬ίʵҲбˡ
ĿЩʧؿǰ૵ģһһֵ˵Ȼţ
ϣһĨļɵ
ҶЦԶʱһĴȣţƺ֣Ҳʶô
Žɫѿûп˵
ʶôʲôЦҪʶˣѾһʬ壡
ǹʶ˾ͺðˣʲڤҶЦ˵ҽǸȥ֮ʱˡȴǲ֪ȥǹֵʶֻҪҵˣлȡڤ
Žȴ˲Ϣ֮˲ǧٱ顣
ЦҶЦԳ׷ɱȴûģֻ֪֪ЦžͶ´ɱ䣬նݳԭΪʧûΪ䡭ֽûֻ½Ц׷ɱ
ҶЦ֮׷ɱˣҲΪ߳ŭɣ
֮ʵЦ£ȻδӳĹȴҲҪĴۣ
Ҫ񵤼ľתƵ֤ʱܵˣǵܴˣ̶ܴ쳣أѻָƸ֮⡣
ǣ˼ڤȴҪʲô
оǣΪˣҪڤʵǷ֮ͣ鱦ڤȴûôһȥ۵ȡ֣Դʲôɡ
׽磬Ҫʲô˼ô
ֻǣƷǳأǡֵ߱
֮ҵܽ׻ɱڤ
һ˲䣬һͷӹŽˢˢĹһ顣
֣˵䣬һͷûôҵĹˣֻλˣΪһʶˣѶΪȻ䣬ڴ˾
Ž̧ͷҶЦĺ˸ȴſ˵һƪѣȻ˵
治֪ˡҶЦһ̯֣˻Ϊ˵ĹϵǵжٸΪء֮ǰڽʦЩĵرڤ֮󣬾Ҳûм档
ҶЦţţˣߵʱʦסСɽתһȦҵϵ£ƺǲʲôơ֮֮ܶ󣬾ҲûκˣܹӽʦͽסǸɽȡ£Ҳֵúܡ
Ž˿ЦЦⲢ֣֮е飬Ȼı£ǲǲˡ
Ψֱֳ˾Ӧ󡭡óȻȥʹƻ׷һϵеֶΣݾߡǵһ䣬ҵΪģҲҲġ
ҪǸʦԣǸʦĿǰһеĸڣҲǲᶯ
һݾߡƷûҲûˡڤȴעҲ׷Ǿǵòʧˡ
£ҪҪԮأ
̬仯˹Ž˼ʲЩòˡ
ڤ֪ʲôĵرԼһ˶ˡôǧ֮ڣԼܳΪ֡
±ɸ߲֪ˣôܹ˳ȡأҲȻֲԼã
֮Ψһ˭Ϸ֣
֮УԼǿ˿ǲ١
۾ǣԲ֪
Ȼ֪ôֻԼԸ
뵽Žһ
ҹŽȻЦǵǿ߶ܹ˳ɹɱѵһԸô
Žд⡣
̧ͷǰķ֮裬Ѹһ⣬мƻչҪ֮ˡ΢ЦӡǿɾźˡഫıֻǹУҲ޷鰵Ͷֻǡ
ҶЦͬİοǸ⣬δػᱻʱõֵҲż´οǸˣҰˣܻҪѯɵģǼȻǹˣȻ˵ֻҪڣȻˮɡ
Žҡͷ򲻿ɣҲֻƾղ²⣬ܵȷ˾ҵĹˣƫֻ»ɸᡭ
һ£ɣȵǸʦȡҩȵʱҪ֪ͨһһᡭҵĹˣ޶ҵλˣᾡܵóҵĳ⣬ȡڤĴۣˣ
ҶЦЦóĳ⣬ǳ¾Ľɣ
ýʾĳ⣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ȴͷȻò̾ഫļҴȷǲܸᰡƹ¶ǰáǾô˵ˣַģһô£
ȻɫĻָһҩ
һΡ
Žм˵˵ĹŵȳŽڣ˺һвлѣҹŽˣ
ҶЦͷЩĺ˵ӦõӦõġǺǺǺǣ̫ˡ
ŽʹһɫһߵæݹһСӣ֮£ĳ˵ˣЩ⣬ǧ¡
ҶЦæƴǣȻãλδ⽫ҷ֮迴̫пˡˣΪѼҴⱾӦΪ֮塭ҡҲա
֮ͨꡭŽɫ֣ѵǵһ⣬ҲôִⲻգǾǲǵˡ
˵ţ¶õɫһ̣ʾܲ
ҶЦڨڨȻʢȭȭҾˡһùɾľʹ˻
ǡһʱ
ԭԽŵҲ׵ط
˴̸һϸڣŽλ֮辯裬͸˻⣺֣ղ˵ʦǲתƵֻǰҪСһЩô˵һЩ߼һЩҩʦܹ׵񵤣
ҶЦĵͷֲô˵ģʦڵȷʵдɾͣƵҩʹڼżȻûʲôǾԵģֻʦ˵ĵҩƣ̫ѵ飬ֻҪƷҩ񵤼ŽΪѡʵҿԶԣʦǾתƵ⣬ν̫СֻҪ񵤵һŶѡ
ʦţƣ


107 ѵ컹ܷƣ
˼ʵ鷳оǡ˵ҶЦ̾һ
ôŽɫ죬ʵ
֣һʣҸоֺͶƢҲˣҾ͸ʵ˵˰ɡҶЦһø顣
뽲ŽҲʱڳһһʡӣ΢Ц崺硣ҶЦüЦ˵ν㿴еʦһûһӴ֧ţ˵ģ˵һ¯һ¯ķϵӵʲôǻĵرô
Žͬĵͷˡ
ЩĵرֵΣ˵Ѱ٣ֶǡʼҲҪɣЩնҪǮİɣʦȴǮЩ
ҶЦһա
ʦ˼Ϊ˱ĵĽྻܹ񵤣˲ӲףմȾ쳾ΪʦְҵģʦҲͬġҲΪˣܹ֧Ĵģ
ҶЦһ˵Žһͷ
ԡⵤ񵤼鵤ĳͣʦĽȴԯ޵ˣʦҪͱȻҪṩĲϡΨṩԴԴϵĵر൤ҩҪͣȴһ׶̬Ӱ졭
Щνʦʼնߵ۷ģģԭ򣡡
ҶЦһ̾
ȷȻìܡίʵ޷͵ìܡŽҲһ̾
ΪЩԭŵһָҲ׵شˡ
˵ҶЦЦʦѲֻԪĵҩΪûвϣΪ
ҶЦ˵ͻȻ˺ߣȻǲ㹻Ҫ˵ԪǹԪԪϴ赤ƽԪƵ춦е鵤նԪת𵤡ʦҲȫʵ֮Ȼ㹻ˣǵ񵤼ľת𵤣Ҳδزܡ
һӵ͵ߣһ߰ʮɵ͵ߵĵҩŽ˾㶼۷Ź⣬ͬϡıһ㣡
ִԵ棿Ȳʵ
ߣҶЦȻһЦӻȡһƿҪΪֻԪ񵤼λֵǿʲô
Ž֣صؽӹƿӣƿʱһŨİơһ˳ɲ֮䣬Ȼȫڰ
һо˲ʱͽŽȫˣ
һŵҩɫĹâȻԶƿڣڰڷ⣬ת
ϴϴ赤Žĺ¹Щѵ˵Ŀֱⷢſеһŵҩ
ơǵơŷԽԽŨܵ˶סˣƺһɽԼ͵ҹ
ʦͷеһݲϣƳΨһһϴ赤Ƽϴ赤ҶЦȻһЦ
һ̣ҶЦԺȻĶӹŽСȡƿӣ˳ֱ㽫ҩƿƿ¸ˡ
ĳһĴ³Žϵļⶼǳ鴤˼¡
񵤣㾹˴³ĶԴͲ¸Ūô
ŽٶɢȵĹʡ
ϴ赤
ԭıʣȻ޳
Ž˶꣬ʶȻȲĳȴҲǺ½κܹģڣȴҲûмȱ
ϴ赤ȻǼöˣڹŽԣϴ赤㲻СŪˣȴҲδԸţ
񵤼ϴ赤ȴƽһμ
ô˵ȫ൱˫̥ꣻһͨϴ赤߳ɾͿԳ嵽ԪĻôһⵤϴ赤ͱȻԳ嵽ԪƷ۷壡
ϣܹƣ
񵤼ĵҩͨĵҩ

ϵһңԶ
ŽԼĲΣȻòϴ赤ˣԼܹƼϴ赤һŵӡôպ֮λܵóԼģ
ʱеĸ߽׵ӾԼĵ̣Լ֮λֻ²ѵ飡
У֮λʦǵתƵ񵤼ôĵҩǡ
Խ룬Ž۾Խ
ԽԽѰ
ν߲ڷ֮ڹŽеķδؾڤˣ
֣֡ἤҲƵܵҶЦǰϱѾģЦϴ赤򡭡ˡ˵ҪٰɣֻҪ˵Ҿּۻۣ
ҶЦȻؿλ鱦Ĵϰ壬һʱˡ
ҾóҫһµĶѣ˭˵Ҫˣ
ϴ赤òƻҪԼأһţһŸξһãСѾͷﻹȱأôأ
Ȼպ˵ĻҲǲģ£Ͳˣ
סڣŽŭһ㾹˵һ֣ʵѵûָղ˵ֵҩҲһŶôܹǿѣ
Զʱڨڨ˵
׻ôһͣ˵Ĳ£ִ鱦󣡡Žһ߰٣һҲǺɸֵĺ
쵰治ֵ˼̰֮˽ģҪô죿һȫвȣֻܲûԣǲ£
⡭Ǵġһɽһ˵
ַĵ׵ʹͱˡ
ۿŽɽǰȴǳԲ
ʹζΪ˵ֱҪˡ
֣ʵҩķ⣬ԺýġŽ˵ҶЦ֮УһγĪġĵ׵ĳ⡣
ҶЦЦýôý㿴һҪ񣬾ҪɵҩҪĵرЩ£һҲϡ⣬Ҫռȫ£ڶУҪɵƷȡ֮߱⣬Ҫ֮Ψ˲ȷǰйƷ½ͣ˵飬ҪƵĵҩƷԽߣҪƷҲԽߣҪʮٶ౶άϵ
ЩףҪӴ
ҶЦȻ̾˿ʦͽˣֲֶմȾ׵ˡа취ȥ㵽ЩԴ
һ˵һ߿ŹŽȫ̾Ϣȴ㣺ѵճЩ鷳֮⣬طһʴƣ
ŽڵԼһ


108 ҷˣҲˣ
仹ҪڱľĻϣҵЩԴ˵ԯìܶģֱӾȫܵ飡ҶЦꡣ
ŽЦˣؿ˵ֻ֪ⷽä㣬ЩȫпͬɣǲѴ֮ɣ
ʲôôܣҶЦɴ۾ƺȫĳԳ˵Ŷǹ˵ôȲɵ飡
ŽӵĺͰˣ˵֣ȴһҶĿתһ˼أģʦʦǲᾭֵĲϵ״ģֻҪľܹˣԲԣ
ҶЦһãȻӣǰǱĻǡ
ҪˡŽٴνؿ˵͸ðˡֻҪ֣ҺҪЩȫ׾١
ҶЦòеһĵɴ۾ѿʵ
ǺҺŽϿҵ˵㿴ʦƵЩҩÿһ˵޼֮ߣûвҪġֱһ˵ǣҪĵҩƷϳ˵ĵҩֻҪǵƵĵҩȫҪҿṩƹҪвϺ󣬶û⣬ЩϾֵ֣תʦʦɷӣƵҩ
һҶЦƺеɵˣ⡭⡭
Ž˵һʲôⶼûˣҷʦͽ棬ҿõõƷϳ˵ĳƷҩʦҲһӣȴԼó飬Ҳûл
⣬ҿ⸶һʳͣΪм˵ıꡭŽǷֺ˶մȾľĻҲѡҪǮĵرĵҩֻһЩ桭ִɷģЩ˵׾Ϳõóġ
ֻҪִӦˣҪʲôһʲôŽ˵ǷҪסҲδǲԵġ
ҶЦԼʱһһʱĿ࣬òƲ֪˵ʲôˡ
죬ҶЦоԼݼֱͻͽһǧļٽš
òƽһʵó뻯ۡ
Žʲô⣬ҶЦȻһġ
̴õãȻҪϻ鵤ǿװǣֻԭϣҪеĵ񵤣֮鹹ʦѡǳ۵͹
̴ÿǻ찡
ЩҩУҲǴ󣬵ȫ˹Ž˵ģȫϴ赤ôҲ㹻ŽڵĲٵӣţ
ȥֻ¾ĳ˺ĳްԣ
ߣպͲٸƵ״ΨһҶ
ΣŽҶЦƽȲĵףȴЩСš
ӣͲ֪񵤵ֵҾͲţô飬Ʋӣ
֣ⷨˣȻûġǣʦǱȴ϶ỳɵġҶЦţԥţЩϵ·ʦ϶Ҫʵġ
ţ
СѾˣֻҪܰǾ´ˣ
ŽĵȻֿ˻ѭѭյʵѵõʵˣʵֻҪ㲻˵ʦô֪飿ҲԸʦ˵ǰĵ񵤣һűۡЩЩǮһȥȻȥʦ񼡣
ҶЦۡ
һżǧĵҩôһ˵ȻǼʮ
òƱһܺƣ
ҶЦ¶ɫɵǿ˵ͨҲһЩ©ֻ²ò
ŽɵСӵҲ̫ɵô˵ȻΪԼȡ棬ҶЦԽˣŽľͷԽߣ֮顢֮֮֮棺㿴ʦһӣ࣬òг˵ȴɸΪ֮ξءҲ֪˼жôܰɣ
ʦۿԪһܼĵɾͣȴֻſտյĵ¯ʲôˡ
Ⱦ׵ļգȻһֻ˼¯Ԫ⡭Ѿñˣֱ½ĪʧǾôĬĬŵȥˣôֱ֡µ˰
ŽһʹļףȻѾе½ĸ߶ȡҶЦȻصˡ
ҶЦвٷʮ˱ȴһĳʹǰҺγ֪еܵĺܡ
ǸɵƣŽǳЦһȴһͬܵģνײΪӣΪͽۿʦӢ֮أĺܣܹġ
ȫͬˣŽָͷָָԼȻĴҰæѿԣ
ΪһеҶڣŽУĳ֣һƭѵͲʦ죬Ķȹе⼸ôײźôУ˼˼䣬ԼĴ棬Ǹ˼ҵķǷɾô
ǧʢŲ࣡棬񻰣
Ž˵
ҶЦϴ˿̼÷˺죬ʶصͷˣ
ƺѾŽⷬ˵ѪڣֲΣԼΡͳͳӿͷ˵һ仰֮󣬾ȻٴεͷΪʦһʱԲΪ˳ɾ˼䵤񻰣һжֵõģ
ҷ֮費ʲôֵõģ
Ž¶һ˿־Цݡ
ɵƣȻҺƵҲˡ
ô׵ĸ㶨ҹŽķˣ
ȴ֪ĳ˿и̣ݼȻ֮ˣĳɵƣѾҺƵҲˣΪüƣɵưɵƣ
Ȼôʹĸ㶨ҶЦķˣ
һ£ĺ쵤ഫ桭ֿɻʲôôŽг֪Ѿǳˡ벻Եʻ֮ҵ˴˵֮еڤһܹջΪٵĵ񵤣
ֱζ벻ĺ£
šҷŲ֣δ̫ȴִ֪ܹṩ񣿶ҩĵرҶЦһĭóһʹ¾ĵļơ
ǺǣǱ֮飬֮ȴǳ˿ҿԸһŵҪ٣Ҷ
Ž˵


109 Ϻͷ
Ҫ٣͸٣⡭ҶЦһ˵Ҫǧ񣬰񾧣ʮҩһĵرҩġҲõó
һ˿֮һԾνʨӴſڣҪЩǻһ½СҶǴ´ģ
Žȴ˿Ϊ裬һɵȻؿҶЦ˵õóõóֻҪܹԵ£Щ£ȫ⣡Ըֻ࣬Ҫʦɵˣ
ۣ
ҶЦʱһĿɿڴƿԵģҲǡۡһ
ˣ
һߵҲĿ࣬һʱ
ŽȻĲƴ֣
Ҳǽ֪Լɽ˵ǿᣡ
֪УŽ֮һλˣΪĪ⣬ֶͨ쳹أȴ벻Ϊ֮⣬ܵԴ̾Ҳ˵ۺ񣬼ֱۺûˣ
ΨҶЦȴԼ˵ЩȻƲ٣Ժ½֮˵ļֵ׼ԵĳƸ˵ȴʲôĿ
ȻʲôĿǶڶԣǹŽˡ
𿴹Ž˵ĺơ赭дھͱһóĻưһƤҲǾòġ
Ͼ൱ں½۹һľ޶ƸŽȻǵԪƷ֣һóôӴıǮȻҲõóȴ˽ǣҵġ
Ž۾Ц֣һʣ˹ʶǵĺȴǽʦƸƷҩϵģҪƷҩҪТʦԣ˵ǰ棬һʦˡǺǣҲֹ㿴Σ
ҶЦˬ˵ǵȻǽ飬ǽף̣͸ˣҵıҲΪʦܹһЩź뿪гһʦȥұҲҪʦչأӴ˲Ⱦ쳾һʵ塭ٺʲôģֲ˵Ҳȥġ
һʥ࣬Ȼ˵㲻ΪԼʦĵͳôܹжϾǻеڶܹ񵤣ϣǸ˾ңֻң
Ž¶Ȼ𾴵ɫ֣ţɹġ
ȴ룺治ܰѻ˵Ǹʱ䣬һӣճɾδرˣ˵λʦΨһĵӣ˵пܱ񵤡
һ򲽽㲻ǵƼ񵤣ֻõơμҲǸƷ鵤ɵɱҲҪԶԶǱߡӦǰ·һùϵ
С˺ֱֻҪٸͷٶ˵ûȻܰס꣬Чʱұʿԣʵ㲻ö೤ʱ䡣
ʱ򣬿ǻǧʱ䣬εͶʹȻСȴȻ󡭡
֮ͶʼֵҪҪĶˡ
Žõţ۽עλ֮衣
ŽĶΣѰѲҶЦʲôˣλ©ȶ
ĳԽһʵ֣غǫȴǴаĺú
ŽԽԽǾá
ܷǳ൱رϷ
Цݾ͸ˣ͸ż
Ž¶飬ȻǺܺеķģĳ˵ʦ޽һʣջȻɹۣȴѳ־ãǷ֮ԳɲĵĻǺնɾ̫ɹˣ
ϧǣŽϣУЦݰעùˣ
ĳͲᱻȾ
ΨһͷҲǽŽԴŤ
ҶЦһ˵ô࣬ô࣬Ľƣץ豭ཹһ͹࣬漴㿪ڵϰ壬ǲȰҵƱӸҰʱǲˣûȥˡ
ڴӦһ۾ȴŽȻڴʱûȨġ
ŽͷʾϿɣæȥš
ۼȥŽȴִӻȡһöָݸҶЦֵܣһʣԵ׶ұճ꣬ͽһֵܰɣμ棬Ҳûʲôõ㣬ЩҩҲЩȻ࣬͵ǵһļˡ
ҶЦ۾öָԳԵ㡭㡭ĪҪңĪҪΪ˾ʲôãһָʲôҩʲôˣ
Žһ£漴ЦΪϻ״ҲǹЦֻ۾öָʱȴ¶εĹâ
ָɲǵ£Ǻ½Ͻ˵е
ռ䣡
ⲻں½Ǹ˵Ҳʲô˶ܹӵеı
ŽĵĽ͵ֵĪҪСҵöָָνǬ˵ţʼϸͣռľʹ÷
ҶЦȻ֪ռܣ˿ȴüϷװģĺúѧϰ
ԴһֱҪӵеģôһöָ
ȴû뵽ٴӵеĵһöռָȻԹŽǰĴˣ
֮棬еͷתˡ
ҶЦ֮ʱΣɱķ˿̷ǵΣȥNջ˵
ӹŽõ˷ҶЦһ˼˱ӣ˫Žӹָ²һ鿴ʱþУֵüЦ
ҶЦ˿̵Ŀģ治װġ
涫治ٵ˵ĵرȻвǧĹģ
ң໹ϡɫһ꣬ں½һģСѪ
ҶЦбۿ˿ֻϷ⣬һľҶ¡
ЩöڹŽˣЩѹΣۣŽТŽȴת־ȫҶЦ
ϲòƻֹЩҶЦ֮£лһЩֻŶеĵر࣬ȴƷֵȻߣȻЩӦǹŽ˽ˣĵر֮⣬ڿռλõһѵЩȴֻǹŽ˽˻
ҶЦһȻвǧĿ
ֱǷƣϵ˴ҶЦ˵öϲ£ˣͻȻоŽǰĴˣ˿ҲžüĿ㣬ˣС
ȻֻҪ˻ỹҪɱΣܹ˳಻ǣ
֣㡭ҶЦһĸжôңһӸô࣬ѵͲҾߣһȥ٣Ʋİ
Ž΢Цֵܣ֮۽۵ֵ꣬Ҫһ໥ΣζûУܹΪؾ֮ŷֵܡ
һЦǷֵܵ˽ӵ飬ҹŽҲˣ
ŽϰȻĵȴЦ
׽磬֮ӣӵȥ
ûӳҵƣյЦҶЦҲ⣬ССķ֮裬գ


110 ɵϵˣ
ؾֵ֮ꣿҶЦһж۾ŹŽĲӣ˵ҷ֮ҹΣ˸εյĴңұ߲嵶֣飬ҷ֮軹ô
ȴؾ֮ȹʱ䣬Ҿȸһ߲嵶һؾ֮
ҵĵͱߣĲӣܽӴ
ŽЦ
֣һʦڼﲻٿ񵤣ǡÿһֵҩҶҪԼšҶЦָ֮֮ҲԼ
ֵܿ˿䣬ȴ֪ʦһ¯ܹжٴﵽ񵤵ĲΣŽƺһ䡣
ҶЦһЦƺھ޴ջ֮Ҳľ˵ʦɵ֮¯Ƿ켫֮ʮ¯֮Уоųɾţǵ񵤡
仰͹Žǰһоһǰδе𶯣
ųɾţ
ĳɵʣҪ˵ǵ񵤣ͨϵĵҩҲϾųɾϵνʦ顣
ɴ˿֮ʦһλĵʦ
Ե
һ¯ܹɵأŽʵ
һ¯ɵšҪϡǲϹܹĻôҲܹɵʮŰɡҶЦһ仰ùŽ׵طġ
ôȫûˣŽЦҶЦļ򣺡֣֮ǰᵽŵҩ͵ǹĳԷֵĳˡ֮⣬в
ô˼ءҶЦŤ˵֮ǰѾʨӴſˡ
дϲɵϵˡ
Žаϲ
Ǻʵ
Ȼռֳɱ˶ռ
ȻǺûм氡
ɵƣȻϵˡ
ֻǹŽĳ˺⣬ǳ⣬ٱ֮ʱȻҶЦ뿪鱦
˵ǸҶЦӡ
ֵܣһҪ͵ܣǴ֮䡭͵ĹŽ΢Цڻ
ģһ˵ϢȻʱ֪ͨ磬ԼˣĶˣҶЦظǻԼ¶ô
ŽЦˣ͵ˡ
λֵ֮ߵߵˣɵ񼡣
ȫ²͸λŽ˶ﵽ״ʲôˣɵС˵үôˣѵ
˵ѵôģ
ŽЦţ˵ǿֵܰ
˵תȥ
ϼⶼɵĳ鴤һ¡
ֵܣΪǷֶ֮ɵôͶʮˣ仰Žм˹أ
˵ֵܣ仰ҵţΪֵܱãȡģ
ǰ棬ŽǰУҲƲ죬ҹʲôˣգ֮ôҲӲҵģ
赭д˵Ϊöָǵ˳ۣ׸ôȺ£УҲģ
ֵ˼ʱһ£Сĵүô֪ҸղƲ죿Ѳ۾
ŹŽƨɣĵѵ˵ֻ۾Ҳܿ
Ž΢ЦǰУ˵˵ղŵϵ⶯һ¡תͷ̫࣬ʱ򡭡һЩķֱ𡭡Ǻǡ
תͷǰУҹŽһ֮Уɱǧ򡭡֪ܲһڶʱӦʲô
ԼĶһ¡
ɱˣȻܹɱȾô
ɱһΪΪۡþŰ򣬼Ϊۣ
ǰλȻɱǧòƱۣ֮Ҫ߳ˣ
ǡ
ǽָǷƷҪܿһ㲻٣ǡֵĽָԶҵĶ׽磬ȴû˶ýָȷʽҪ˵ղǸӡ
Ž΢ЦţȻ˵ԣǽָǷ֮һ꣬ԾֻһߣֻҪҲǱʼҵĶ
öָϣʲôطҶӦ
Ҫһ㣬ֻҪڤҲ֪ܸͨӦڤϢѰֻҪ˸ӦȻȥȡأŽ˸˿˿ĺ⡣
ʱһﻹáŽ˵ԣ򲻿ɵ
벻ﻮǧشƣȻһ׽磬Ĳ֮£нչŽЦίʵ飡
үԺɻڴСȻҲܸŹүմЩʡڵƨ

ҶЦ뿪Уһ·ʩʩȻųⷽȥ
һֱߵɽؽĳǱСͣ
˿̵ҶЦղһȻֻûͬһ㣬̴죬һ˲ͽȫ¡ﵽ·͸͸ġ
ͷҲˮһһģأԲϴͷƤð˳ŷһ䣡
һľʵǾյ˼£˵ǾĶҲʮһ
յڹŹǰתȦȪ·ȥַ
ʱʱ̣̿עԼ
ֻҪһԵĲԼһҲɲǼ꣡
Լʵ쳣Сʱȴһʵ۷ʱĴң
ҶЦϣһϢ
ΪˣͬǰڣʹûиоԼ֮
ЦҶЦ־γȣμ㣬ʼջһˣֻҪǻˣԵֿв֮ʱԾɻе־壬Ầ£Ȿ֮顣
ҶЦһ㣬ǿпԼĵ׵Ŀ־壬̸ЦշģίʵһºȴԻе£
ãڻع
ҶЦӻȡöָк˸˵ŽΪһָ׷Цֱǻ֮뷨
ҶЦʱ񹦣ԪϢ͸ָȻ󣬽Ǳص
ȷѾϤ֮۾չķһεȻȻ󣬽汻ĹŽȻһ˿˿ȫȥ˵£ȫǷ򽥴ɢ˳ȥ
ҶЦȻҪʹöԭŽĽָǵĻ¹ŽͻᷢһܸϹԼ֮ľ룬ڹŽԣĲ롣
ڵȴǣҶЦذȥһ˿˿ҶЦŽͲ⣬Ϊһ˿˿ʵ̫΢
һ˿˿﷽ȴҪá
ΪһֻԼԽָʲôʵʶʱ򣬹Žָܲʲôطܹ֪ʲô顣
ֻҪԼʼղöָ
ŽԶֻΪ˿󵼣ģظоԼ⳽ǳ֮Уʼû


111 ӵ
ҶЦҪŽ֪Լʲôطʱ򣬲Żָ
һ˴֮Ȩ˵߸Եת
һеȨȫҶЦС
ȻŽǱߣԾɻΪһԾ֮У
⣬Ҫģ֮ء
Ƚش֮ȻҩĵرǰδеĳʵҲͻȻӵô࡭˵Ӧø˿ĵʱ򡭡
Ҷȴʼǳһӵǣ
ֱǳòɿ
ΪΣֻʱѡ
ȴû
ԼôѣָԲأ
Լȥһ壬ðԼνʦأ
ѲɡԼҪѴѵĵ񵤽Ž
ǰʯͷԼ
ǲҪӦأ
𿴹ŽϸԼֵ˵ֻ֮ҪȷԼûüֵԱȷ죬κεɣ
ݣһݵķɱŽҶЦֱ붼û
Ϊûܣ
ǼҶЦֽ׶ӵеȫʵξټһ䣬ȫϻҲ˲˹Žһëǿţʵ
ԼӵеʵСŽһ۾Լ
ԸͲʵ˵Ҫɱ
ȻɱԼ绹ǻ¶ڵġ
Ǹʱ򣬹ŽǾԲŹԼ
ˣһпܶԼвĶ󣬱ȻڵһʱκζԼأ
¶úܡҶЦ̾
Խ룬ԽǸоԼǰģʵֻһ·
Ǿܵ·
ɱŽ
֮⣬Ҳûеڶ·ˡ
ΪˡҶЦۣûпɱ˵ӵеǵ¾Ǽ׽ееȫһ𣬶ɱ˹Ž
ҵеĶҩùŽȫȥҲ˰
һ·˳ôεľ֮У
ҶЦЦһ
ȥ޼ƿʩ
ȻȫͷҶЦԾͲˣôģҲǶˡ
Դ򿪸յֵĿռָָеĶҩԼ޾ռ˹ȥ
ԼΨһָĺ֣޾ռˡ
ȻҶЦҲ֪ǽеĵرȫȥռҲ޷Լһ˲սʤŽĳ̶ȡ
Ѿȥ·
һ߰ˣҶЦһɱУ¶ҲС沫ɱС
䣬ˮ߼޻ҲûйŽĶͷ׽簡
˿̵ҶЦܵǰδеΣ
ң⻹ǰҶЦҲûоĿǰΣ
ǰЦݺĺ˻ģ޵УȻɳ֮·ҲʹȴûСʱóȻ̫ǿǿ˾޷սʤֵˣ
ĿİನۣҲûӰôŨصʱ
Ȼǰһս֪ȪȴҲûȸо
Ϊһս·ͻȻ漴׷ɱӣȴǿΪ֧š
һ֡ȻˣΪӵ汳ҲԲ١Ĺ
һβһȫһ
ŽЦȫʢʱڣһоͿ
ڲΣԼƴ÷ǣҲŹŽһ߻Ȫ
ڵԼԱҲŽһëըĳ̶ȣ
顣
ԼȴƫƫҪʵ
ԼһûȥǹŽһڤһ񵤣ȴùŽĿεԼϡ
ҶЦһ߽ҩһֲһ߸ĵ׵ޱ߷ҡ
ֲһ궥ĵرʱ򣬱޾ռ֮УľռͻȻ˾޴ı仯
ùͻȻҶЦһôʶ޾ռ鿴
ֻľռУһٶҩһŵһſɷ׳ۡ
ҩϿգһƬɫڶһֳĸоռ֮ǻ
ֻҪɫǻҩͻ˲ʱ֦Ҷչ
һЩû֦Ҷֻй˻߸ҩҲɫ׷׻⣬ľռ䣬ĿһƬȻ
һƬŨôڿռﲻǻڽĳȾ
ȾõúʵΪһʱ֮ľռ䣬Ȼı˵ɫ·ǱɫȾˣ
֮ľռı죬֮ڵˮռҲ
֮ǰۻһƬ뵵ˮȻ뿪ˮռ䣬תľռ䣬һƬĿɫ˴˽һһ̣һɵ꣬ôȻ
Ƭ̣ҩҶϣմϸϸˮ顣
áڲС
ҶЦĿһеķ̣һɫ˲лζţƺ˳ԱһĻζ壬Żζһϸϸĸ룬ۿɼķȣδӵײľռ֮С
һ̣֦Ҷһҡ
ͬһ㣬ҶЦգգ֮ٿһɫ˲ΣȻо˲٣ңҲƺʢˡ
ԴˮռˮϿƮţһ򣬾ͺƮľռ֮еɫҲˮһ˳ȥľռ䣬ռпռ䣬ھߴռ֮ƺֲһЩС
ţЩ˾ŴռôؽǸͨ
Ǹͨǿŵڵĵط
ҶЦô۾ţĿɿڴ
ͬһ㣬ֻǹɾŴռں֮һǸͨ
ҶЦתԼű֮롣
ֻеˮһǿŵ
㱼䣬Щӿǿŵ֮Уȴ˲ʱɵٶӿ̶ȴЩӿӵѭһȦ»صľռ䣬ȴδʹֹЪٴγٶһιͨ
ǿŵ˼Էζ
ҶЦ̲סʹ۾
û
ȷûпǿŵȷʵڶȻ˵ˣȴǵȻһۿɼٶȣڻĳ󡭡Ӷ쵰Сһֱ
ǴִһΪǵл
ǣܹĵòѾǺˣ
ǾŴռǰǰι˾ʮŴΣڲѭǻָ˾ֹ״̬
ţԭˮռȻع顣
ռԻط
Ŵռعƽˡ
ǿŵ˱ʣѾ֮ǰһˡ
˿̣ǵӴС˵ѾһѼһСӽһСôˡ
б仯ԼԼǹ˸ЩͼԵø
ŵҲƺҪ͸һľӨ
ҶЦܹĸоǿŵ֮Уһϲ
һôǿŵҲڸˣ


112 ϴ赤
뵽ҶЦɵһңôһŵʼջһŵܶʲô𣿿ڻǵ嵰״̬ɣ
Ӧָ˵ȴô
ҶЦ߽ŵϸŵµĻƣɿЦһ૵㵹ˣôȵţкöԣ㳤󡭡ɶ¶ǵģֻŷȫһվˡ
ڿǽͷöͶ·޼ƿʩ֪ľ״иң㻹ôңô
ҶЦЦһ̾˿
ҶЦһԸ񣬾ǣȻǰ·ߣҲҪߣ߳·
̾Ϣ֮Ҳͻָһļ͡Ŭ취ҶЦҲţϻţ֮һ취ҲûС
޾֮·
ν취ֻ벻ȴûһģ
һ·ǰ
ҵˣһжȥҲֻܹԼ̫ȴܹûиϣ
ٶ˼֮У˼ţûзǿŵԷƮƮ߸£Ȼ˻ȥ
ƺǶҶЦĳֻӦ

ҶЦһ˼޹֮࣬عŵӣЦĿǰиˡǺǡ
棬ǿ͵Ĺ֮󣬺Ȼֶʮöҩ
Ծȫǵ񵤡
Щҩʮţϴ赤ͨƽ
˵ԪͨĳһƷҩôϴ赤ͨϴ赤ѾڶƷͨϴ赤Ҫ߳һڶƷϽסƽ˵ãȾڵƷ֮ϣûƷף
רƿ֮ã
֮˵ûƷףȴΪÿһҪƽͬ
ԪͻԪƷƽԡҪͻԪޣȴҪƷƽڵ˵ԪΣͻ磬ҪƷϽףҪƷƽ
һ󾳽ƿͻ֮ȴͻƵʱڣƽ裬赺ϵľϣѴ
ͬʱ֮Խƴ󾳽Ŀ߰ٷ֮ʮϣ
ǧҪСٷ֮ʮֻðĻᣡ
߰ٷ֮ʮĿԣѾǼˣ
Ϊǵʱֻ߰ٷ֮һϣҲԸҵȥ
߰ٷ֮ʮǳλ漣
ȻҪͻƿȻǷǵüƽκһͻƿŷǷĹЧ蹦ЧȻߣʹͻƿĿᵽɰϣƽֻаٷ֮ʮҡ
ĹЧߣԣԳƽѱΪͻƿѡȻѡ
ֻǣҶЦеƽȴƼƽȴبδλƷƽͻƿĿԵжȴǸδ֪

ҶЦҩ˿ռ䣬һ¾һָ֮ΪѹӣҶٵıĿ洺عһһ·ؼҡ
ƺʲô¶Ҳûˡ
Ȼص֮󣬶˵ʱһöϴ赤
ԼĿǰǵԪƷ۹ҲʱϴһˣоǡҶЦҲϣΣ֮ǰܵĽԼʵøһЩ
֪Ǳˮнôһˮܱûеǿ
ҶЦڴ˿֮ѡϴ赤һԭΪ׼ڷϴ赤֮ͨԼʵһԪƷ
ҶЦ֮ǰ֮ûôһΪϴ赤̫٣ͷֻʣһŶѣԱʱ֮裬Լ֮ǰõ޾ռ֮Ѿϴ裬Ȼٶȷϴ赤Чδضá
㣬ҶЦû÷á
ͷһô࣬һпܹԴԴϵҶЦﻹأ
ֶ԰ײԣ˲׳ԣų֮þ㲻ԤڵôҲһ׾ˡ
ҶЦǰľϴ赤ⶫԶӶ̸࣬˷ѣ
þǣÿһͻһ֮ǰȳһţУ֮л۹ͨͨųһ飬ȻٽгأһǾͨ˳°빦ǡҲܹᴿƹ֮Ϊȣ
ʽĪڡ
ͻÿһСؿڵʱ򣬶һϴ赤ͻƴ󾳽ʱһԷϴ赤һͨһƽ
ʽһκεĺ֢
ȻģʽֻԪ֮ǰ
Ԫ֮ϴ赤һԷþſţܴﵽͬЧ
ڵԪƷ֮Ǿòϴ赤ֶͨˡ
ǰЩ磬ҶЦӵԪƷʼ㣬ƷһţƷһš
һֱͻȥĻôһֱǰԼȫʢʱڣۻòƿҪٿŵϴ赤ٿŵͨ
Լʮƽ
Ӵģκɣκˣ޷ɵӴԴ
ֻЩ㹻һҵ
ֻϴ赤ͨ߻ĵ𣬶ƽȻԳȴҲ洦ɼȻżҲͳžѾǼޣݲ˵һĿȴҲ·
ڵҶЦȻҪⷽĹˡ
⻹һؼϵмģʽͨƷֵҩģҶЦͷģɶǵ񵤼λƷͬն
һϴ赤ҶЦϥֻһ˲֮䣬ǿԼеķԺ
εĵϢ֮УǱĻҩ뼺
һʱ䣬֮һ
⻹ҶЦһηϴ赤
ֹҶЦǰЦҲˡ
ҶЦǰڣûлԴֱҲûֻ֪ԼһͷһĽΣЩڴ֮й߼ӵĵҩһҲûеõ
ôһ·ײײϳ塣
õʵ㹻ˣԴϵʱȴҲѾʹЩҩʱ
ƽûʵʹƣϧǰЦһȻ˵ûпҲӵйŵƷƽƷƽʱҶЦ֮ЧҲˣݹЦһǡҩһ
ͬ
ȫͬ
ԴܹԴ鱦ĵ񵤣
ǿϴ赤һУҶЦͼʱеһɷͻȻ˿ǻһȵըһ˲ʱ˿ǻ
һ̣ҶЦظֻܵҪԼһ죬ÿгʱɢݳȥ
˵һ£߽
ҶЦһֱûмϰԵ֮ԱǣмһˣͲš
ԼòֻҪһ¡㲻ڷ߽ϸʮ·ֻпܵġ
֮ˣǸߵûߵĳǿߣ߿ĿԶҲ˵
˵ഫĻ


113 ͻƵԪƷ
ҶЦȻᱩʵԼһµܹԶԶ̫˷ѡһ罫һȫ¶ǣʱоԼĶƺһ˲䶼ȫһ㡣
ͬʱһ˳žԼ壬Ȼȴ־˹ͷ
֮У
һּµʹ࣬ͻȻ׵ȫͻȻ
ζǸܣôʹడ
Ǹһʹ飬˵ļʹҶЦĶҲ̲סҽг
٣
ҶЦһƺ֮࣬漴رסͣɫȴѱɷףһελƶСĺ飬ۿɼٶȴͷƬ̹⾰ĺˮͱһСϪ
ûжϾ
ЩƺĹһ㣬ͺŻȼա
濾
ٹƬ̣ź濾оĳһ˿˿ĺɫɫɫ۹ͱôر˳Ȼǻȴڳ
뼡⣬գʼգһֱˡ𽥵ͨȫĺëףų⡭
֮УҶЦоԼǴռ֮С
ޱ޼ʵʹࡣ
ſ죬
壬ͷƣ˿ëȫ۹
󡭡
һһЩЩһ΢΢۹ǻĸоͻأʧޱʹ˲ʱ
һ̣Ȼһǿҵʧظָо
ƺһӿտ䣬ûץû̡ҶЦʱǸоȻɣ˲˹ȥ
һɲǼ䣬ԣ
ȻҶЦȴ֪һ̻иЩĿǰ۹뾡Щ۹ڣϸ˵һ֣ǲܾȥȻһ۹ٶȷǱȻ̫ȱȴʼջ˿̵覴ã
ǿƣ壬ʶѣغ˼ͬʱҲоػָ֧֣ϽԵ۹
űӵһϴ֮ҶЦоԼϼֱ񱻻ذһƤͬʱҲоԼ壬ƺǴûĸɾ
ﵽ⣬һƬྻ
ϵһȾ徻޹
̧ԼֱȻܹŵõһɵ
ǡꡭҶЦЩ
ղϻױȣŵԼζȻҲЩˡ
ǹ⾰ֱӾǸմӳѬé֮УͻȻŵ˻㡣
⣬ҶЦܹһоԼηϴ赤Чͬ죬ĹܶƺˣͬʱҲӵļˡ
£̥һ㡣
ֻǣɹò̫һɡҶЦЩֹ
ԼȻûùϴ赤ĹЧİƺڴﵽ˵Чɣ
ϴ赤Ȼȷʵϴ裬۹ЧʵҲܵͽе۹ֻѣƷԽߵϴ赤ЧȻԽãȴҲûй۹һپ״
Ϊ֮ڵ۹Ҳһ֣ȴΪΣԣΪ屾ų⣬Խϸ΢۹ֲΪһ޷Էϴ赤ȻܹǱ֮ڵĴ󲿷۹󲿷ֵ۹ȴȫ
ʣЩҲֻеֳ׵ľ磬ŻԶ
ΪҲ½һõ
ȻҶЦõĵƼϴ赤ȴһʷƼҩֹЧѰͬ鵤ϣ컯֮ܣʵϣԽƷߵ鵤컯ܾ֮Ϊͻ֣Ƽǽ¡
ҶЦȴǲô֪ģϾҲǵһϳ֡
ǰ߾ξ֮ʱҶЦȻ񹦣ϽƵϸǿŵƼϴ赤֮ȴҲ޿ξһҹ֮ת˴룬ָ൱Ϊ
鵤и֮ÿ鵤ж֢֮нƵξۣǵʱõͨƽЧȴһƷ͵ϴ赤
ԭܼ򵥣֮ǰᵽƵıʣѪԪΣĽɫֽɫԣȻҲ۹ϴ赤Ƕ֢ҩϽƵ̵ҶЦϴ赤Ч£Ѿõξһҹ֮תࡣ
ȴҲеϴ赤ܶԽɵ˺á
ξܹתȻ൱ԭǵϴ赤Ч٣ҪԭȴҲԭõĽƳߣΪߣξ˹ӲдĻᣬǽиߣѰ
㵤ϴ赤ЧǷҶЦ񹦸ξеĽֻȥѣǱڸΣڣǵϴ赤ҩЧҲм޵ԵʣȻҲҶЦΪ̫͵Եʷֲ
ԣҶЦ˴ηϴ赤ĳɹֻ˵֮УȴҶЦ֮ˣ
֮ĺô»ûоԣ½
֧ţһۣԴϢƬ֮ҶЦȴ㼴ʼķֻǸոտʼ˹˲䣬ȻһɴƺһС̫Լĵ
ָоֻάһ˲ѣҶЦҪ׽ѰҵʱȴӰ١
ƺûдڹֻǵĴ
漴ؼ糱ˮ㼱ӿ壬ӿ˿ռ䣬ǿƳˢһֿǰƣƶҶЦеŵԪƷĹؿڣӿ
ҶЦʱһͷһͨ
ԭڵĹصĹؿһδεĳȴһδε˻أٶһδεĳȥ
ҶЦΪܶʼѭž޴ѹȡ
ҶЦţԼµ״㲻öֶΣǿԳɹƿΪڵ״Ѿǰͬһγƿǻᣬõ̫ˣ
ֻǣȻиõֶΣֺηһأ
֮ͨһˢĵڣҶЦظоһ˼һö񵽼һھѸٳͣ漴ѭǰͻ
Ƭ̹⾰Ѿ嵽ĳǰλãΪˣȻ󡭡һɺոһһѾ˵ԪƷĹؿڣ
һ룡
ذûȫѣȴһϸϸģ͸ס
⣬ƺ˿˿⽥졣
һֳͷβˬо
ҶЦһתԪؿڵʱ򣬾ǺˮһѾƵĴӣ¡һӦ٣
Ƶһӵ룬ǰδеľأ
ҶЦ¶һ˿տȻɫ
ԪƷɹͻƣˮɣ
ˮһڲѭҶЦֻоɣ
һԵġΪо
ҶЦ˷ܵز鿴Ľȣȴ͵üͷһЦ
Ϊ񹦣ȻǴڵһΣΨһı仯ֻǵٵһЩѣģȫȫ䶯


114 δѣ
нչôҿѾͻξˣ񹦽ϣȴƺûжչҶЦЦһڵЩɾͣǰ΢΢ֵһᡣ㲻ʲôҸÿĻǸأˣô룬ҿģҺܿġ
ĳȻ־ʤȻΪЦ

һ̣ҶЦһ޾ռ䡣
ңңռڤҶЦü˼
֮ǰǿеļȻٶۻһ൱ĳ̶ȣѾŨ˿ҪӰռĵزҶЦ֪״ܷΣ֮Ҫٴյһˡ
ǣڤ˫ΣҪôȹأ
ΣôֻҪԼٶ֮ͳˣϴεľ飬յȻӵᳵ·죬ηⲿΣָôأ
Ž޷УҶЦٴ̾˿
ڣȻѽ֮ʱ˹ȥŽȻǲ׾ߵģֻҪڤһղ֣һߣֻҪ͵һʱĲʱըôҶЦŽ֮䣬ȻҪһ˶ϡ
ǹŽôҶЦ
֮䣬Ҫһ
ڵĹؼȴǣҶЦڹŽް취öõûκΰաΪ㹻ŽűĵҩҶЦҲò
ҶЦ̾˿߳ȥ
ҶЦݣξΪģǰʺ
ιܼҵʣҶЦֻӦһ£ǰ˳֮С
֮ȻɽҰ֮䣬ҶЦٶȸıò֮裬ɽҰ֮ݺ۳ҡ
Ѱһʵĵص㡣
һʵɽ
һŽĿǰ޶ԲߵʱԼҪȥ˵ʲС
ԣĻԣԾɲǳ֮ơһԣҪŬȥֲȥԲѣκһͻ̽䣬һʱǰ̡ҶЦεĿЦҡͷ
֮
ҶЦڿһɽ塣
һģͬһֱֱıͲһ㣬߸ߴɽ壬ΧȺɽȫȻûаٲȻΪɽƹλǳ
ɽɽǽͲɽ

ҶЦ˰죬ĵͷ漴ӽָȡʮſЩǹŽ޳ģҶЦȻһҲ۵Ρ
Ƭ̣ҶЦѾɽתһȦǾʮſѾȥĻɣȻҶЦԲܣһȦһȦһֱõ˰ɽλãѾǽİٿɽϡ
ˣǰڹ׵ҶЦȡʮһ𣬷ɽհеķλʮаΪܣгɻһһ⣬˴˺Ӧ
Ȼ󣬾ڰеλãʮ˽ȥ
˫һģһɣ
һ̣šһһɻȻ֮䣬еصˣ޾֮䣬ͽͲɽڲ֮УܴǰκһλȥͲɽѾʧˣ
֮Ͳɽʹ˳׵ˡ
ǳ
ҶЦյģ߲ε󷨣ʵΪ˶ԸŽҲֻýѹ׵ı˳
ҶЦһƵ״ĵͷɽȥɽµλãһμԱ仯ʹƸһתıࡣ
ֱ˿̣ڷ˵ġ
ΪڻĳЩؼʱ̣һ¹Žǲڻµġ
ùŽ񣬲ɴƹŽ¡ͦĹҶЦֹţϲɵ¶Цݡ
Щȫ֮óһ񣬾ֻʣһ顣
ԭЩ񣬲ôƵ֮Ϊˮռ֮ãʼҪԲöԸŽΪһҪĶҪ·Ȼ൱֣ȴΪҪȷĶܲϢȫ
Ƚ˹ŽͷרĴ߻ˮռǣҶЦڻ˳־ͽǿӽ޾ռ䣡
Ҫ뿪֮ʣͻȻһ
ΪռĺͻȻ䣬γһļ˼
ҶЦһѾʧڵأ뵽޾ռС
Ŀȥֻռǿ鱾ӦýԪռ񣬴˿̺ȻѾڤ档
ڤͷźƵʾǴԭڤͷźƵȻȴҲ̫ףҶЦ֮ǰҲ֪ٶ磬ܻأᾹǱۿҪٶȳռһҶѹ˴ռļ״ˣ
ⳡʵʼٸߡǿһʱԭľӨѾʧʮ֮˾ţûްȻ̺ڼġ
ٹƬ̣Ϳһĩ
Ȼǿֱ˷ĩ
һ̣ڤȫ׵ȻƮռ䣬λھŴռ֮ĿƯţٶ޼ɵͷĺɲǼ䣬Ŵռ侹һ
еĿռ䣬ڶ̶̵ʱھȻ͵һ˪
ЩľռڵҩƺǲܣһЩ֦ҶѾʼή
ҶЦһ
˸ȥʲô״֮ǰڤռ֣Ը˴ռ䣬ھڤԾŴռ䣬ҾŴռȻھԵ·״̬ôҪⰡ
ҶЦʱӦ䣬ǰ񹦣ڤͷŵĺŴռѹǲųſڤ㼴ʱоһǿѼڤȻҶЦҲŹһѹƣһҶЦͳǷҶЦһֲɲݵƣ
һ񣬾Ȼܹôµĺ
ҶЦһ֮࣬ԣһˣһֱ˳ȥ߰ɵĿռ䣬ŸоòСˣһ̣һ֡мͻȻ
ǹԴͷƺ˵ȵΪ֮û壡
ҶЦողŸоһ˿ȫȴѾһ亹Ҳ벻ô顪Լһôôôص飿
ѵһĲҰ
漴ҶЦٶȾԼŵһʱ䣬ŴռƵʸμӾ磬ǵİ˪һɣҰ˪ʴٶȣڳǿ
ٲ跨ֹŴռֻ¸̣Ŵռ٣޾ռ仹ܴô
ҶЦϣһٳ˿ռ䡣һתҲ߶ʮһȫתȫͻļ֮
һεļ֮ͻȫףŨǰδУ֮ǰξԶԶͬնģ
ҶЦܷ񸺺ɵεļ֮˵ʵҲûУʱ˿̣϶ϲ޾ռ串Ψзһ
εļ֮ϬҶЦ֮ǰɻ֮ľ飬էһӴεļ֮һɲǼǱõı


115 ɣҲ
ҶЦרһ⣬ֻһͷŬתƴɣ񹦣ǰδеĸٶȣľ֮ˢˢĴУ
ҶЦܹھие
֮У֮һ˵ٶѸͻۣ
ͬʱһͬٶȣת֮γ൱̶ȵתĳΪ̫ļ֮߱壬߱ˡ
֮תҶЦĵ֮Уγһ΢ѭλӴļ֮ΣΪ棬庮ΪԪ
ҶЦȫ˹˿Ĵ뵡
ܣѾı˪
ڿʢĵ
һĻǴĿˣǣ
ҶЦΪ壬ȫй޾ռ֮кʱ򣬲ɱһ̶ȼ֮γһɺɽȡ
ңɺڲϵȥ
һһĹ
ȵҶЦվʱ£һվأ졣һɵΣûѪԼȫ֮£ռͻڱѹȥǿ췴ڤҲٴλصԪռȵĲˡ
ռҲ»ָƽȶ
ȻΣ֮רҶЦоһ٣Լ񹦣ԵĽࡣ
ȷΣҶЦ㼴Ӹռ״˿̸ռȻǵİ˪ȥȴвó̶ȵˣľռΪеҩҶӱԵѾ˱˵ĺۼҪ׻ָֻҪ൱ʱ䣬ڴˣҶЦҲֻи֮̾дҵķݡ
ΪһôЩҩֻ¾ˣֻǳӻβǲ֮еĴҡ
ֻǣڤΪʲô˹ıأ
ò˵ͨɣ
һ޵úܣôµľޱأ
ҶЦſռڤ˼⣡
ѵ˵壬ǲռŵģ
ҶЦţСĽӴһڤȴط֣ԼȻܹ
ٲ쾧Լܿܶ
⡭
ҶЦٴγԣ֮һһŲ
ۣ
ڤʵʵسɽϣ
Ȼ
ȻıҶЦ˳
ŽҳһӵڤҶЦĿɿڴĿ࣬һʱ
ȫ㲻⵽ôһˡ
ڤĿ״̬
һֱõڤԴӿռóˡ
ҶЦ˰죬ҲûŪôһ¡׷ף˳Ȼһ˲ȴһ뷨뷨ȴòƲô죬Ըʵʩ
ת֮䣬ڤռ䣬Ӻ˼룬Ժ߳ȥѾȫɽıͲɽҪҸطĻرĿûسǣȴԶһӰĵˣ
òá㡱˵ٶȣֱһڮ٣ٻ֮⣬գ۵Ĺ⾰šˢһѾҶЦǰ
ҶЦէ˲һ㶣Ŵ磿
ǹŽ
Žһòƺܡȡ̬˵ףǷֵܣҲڴ˵أ
ҶЦʱһټʮ飺⣬Ҫǲô
һȻô죬ҶЦһ¡
ղԼòֻǽڤóգգ۵ʱ䣬һȻ·ˢһ͹ˡ
ǳγһڻֻѾعˣ
Ժһ棬ҪӵĽôСĶǲӶģ
ⲻʦҩôҶЦ˵ողŴʦͼ˹Ŵ磬¿ɰǸԵݰ
ŽǰоһµԼҲܶϤʵֵܣʦĪǾô
ҶЦͷһָǰͲɽϡ
ͲɽŽƵѭҶЦָķȥȴδʲôɽ塣
ЩƮƮȥİ֮⣬ʲôûˡ
ҶЦ״òˣ͵粻ҪᣬΪʲôҲ֪ô£ԴǸʲô֮ɽͻȻˣһܹȥģСﳤ󣬱۾Ҳҵ
ԭˡŽǰȻ˵
ͬʱһ裺ԼΪʶЩĳȻһѾ;ĩ·ĵزֲµһƣԼȫ͸˵ã
ȻЦսίʵǾžޣǳ˿ɱȣ
ֻεľžޣȴҲվԶˡߺߡ
˼ȴķ֮룺ŴȻˣȥʦΣ
Žд⣬ˬĵͷãҪݼʦһ壬οƽ
˵űǰ
Ŵ磬עҽµķλ򲻿дҶЦǰ·һһȥǱ۾ǰУ֮䣬뵭֮У˵졣
Žȴʶ֮ˣ˿ҵಽĸҶЦ֮ͬС
Ȼڼʮಽ֮ǰ治Զλ֮һؿһȴʹʧˡ
Ž޻ɣֻΪǵڶ󷨲ãСĲãҲһ̤ȥ
ڹŽԼһ̤㻹δٷ֮Ӱܻ֣ǡ
ͻšһľɫʱãŽֻоԼһ֮䣬۹ӵʱԼȻѾص˴֮⡣
ֻŨ֮з֮촫Ŵ硭Ŵ磿㡭ôŽȥ
Žȴһ
Ҳǲȥղôһ£
ŽȷţԼûߴκһǸղŵ󷨰ؼԼǿŲ˳
ĥŵ˲ȴǷ֮Ѿ첽Ӵ˳أһֵؿԼզȥأ
ŽüЦ󷨵죬ҸղŸಽžûߴ벽ȴ֪ô£͸ˡ
ҶЦüôأٴҲûⰡţҪ۾ҵ֣ȥ
Žͷá鷳ֵˡ
ץҶЦ֣۾ٴν֮С
Ž̹ȻҶЦԸȻǾҶЦȴΪҶЦڹŽУ֮һֻҲǿȥȻɵ䰵㣬Ŵ󷽷ҶЦڲ
ҶЦǣŹŽһͬǰʼΪ˳ȵǰ֮дԼʮಽʱҶЦ̤ǰһŽʱˣַ֮Լ߬ţȴʧˡ
Žаٴ̤һʱһãֻķ֮跢һУһ̣ɫתŽٻص˴֮⡣
ֻһΣҶЦҲ˳


116 ɱˣ
ǰķ֮ĸԼĸ첲Ӵô£ͷͶˣŴôңҸ۸ˣ
Ž۾һ
ҽ˳۲ϣ
еôң
ģûֻ߬ʵֶѣ۵ǴŲ֮
ŽĬһ£ģΪȷ˵ذȫɽơ˷ֵһ֮⣬ǶȻ޷ġڣʦ鵤֮ǰǲܳôˣ
ŽԼˣԼж뷨Բ˷֮ʦҲѾ޷ɽʵԲҶЦȻּɵģ
Ž²гϣȻˣһǲȥˣԺԵʱȥݼʦǡ
ҶЦڵȰҪԣŴ磬Ҳͽȥˡ
Žһİۡ
ԣ
ͷоǲУҲһġ
½ᵽ
ˣעˡŽסƣȻЦ˵ֵܼܵȻѾҩ͵ˣʦѾʼҩóȻȥҲǲãʡһˡ
ֶվĿȺɽоȻ¶һ˿ãȻԼ㯵ɫһš
ţͷעҶЦ
һ£ֵܵܣ֪ûȤǱɽ
˳ָķȥҶЦһСɽҲǰߵһСɽҲʮصӡ
ǽߵľ롣
ɽϵＸһĿȻɽͷ۵Īһôֱֱ֮Ӵ󣬼ɽͷ
ڴ˿ȥ˵ɽ˵ǿ
СɽȥһôʲôÿģҶЦȻ
ΧȺɽһСɽȷСɽ
ǺǣֵܴСڴ˵سȻ˲֮ŽȻ˵ȴ֪֮Щﲻϵ½ʵΪˡСɽ
ҶЦ㶣ʲôֵùŴ˾ˣǻúأҾŹŴߣ˳㿪۽磬ʲôܵùŴ
ŽòƲΪĺǺЦЦתͷȥ
˵Ľų̣Ȼûз·ֻʮ·ȻƬ̹⾰Ҳ͵ˡ
Žվɽ£עĿ۵ɽɫãһ˿˵ɫҲڳ֣ĬĬ˵ȥɡ
һ·ɽߵĸ⻺
ɽϵС·ѾӲݻߣҲ
Žһ·ȥĵطӲݹľһŵĻҷ
ߣʼһԲ
ҶЦҲֻøɫ˳أѵ˵ɽʵףѵʲô£
ߵɽŽᳵ·תһ򣬺߹ȥģǿô֦Ҷɡɽһ㡣
ڴ£һССķذͻ𣬾ģ
ûĹ
еģֻһСѡ
˿̵ĹŽһ̬ʼϸĵΧӲݣǿɽ֮еİȪͨһ£еĳӣɱ
Ȼ֪ķͷŽվţĿţãû˵
漴
ͷ
ֹ̧֮ͷ૵ֵܣҾúˣ֪벻һι£
ҶЦŴ˵Сϴ
ŽȻЦںܾúܾǰʱ򣬾ɽ£ׯһׯһżҴ塣żҴ壬һ꣬йŴׯһλ÷С޲£ˣҲȻĶ˻£˳سס
ŮӣⷽԲؽˣŴȢϱȻǰ䱦
ҶЦ˼֣ŴǰĹŽˡû뵽½ȻǹŽĹ硣
һ꣬Ŵ֮еʦһ֮³׵֮ˣɴ̤֮;Ȼһǳšʦ֮󣬱Ҫص
ʱҵȣֲȥŽЩ˻ƣҲЩң֮еġŴҲһӱˡҡ
ȴδ˵ʱΪΪиĳɾͣ˺ĲᣬȻҡʱ򣬺˵ҵ㡭һҪ
ҵ֮ȫĳ֮Уһʶˡõ硭˳ԡȵٶ绹ڵҵʱʱѾ߹ʮ꣡
ҶЦ̾Ϣһ
ȻҶЦıĺ޼˹ŽһȴҲ̲סΪ֮̾Ϣ
ΪǸŮӶ̾Ϣ
ʮ꣡
ճյĵȴʮ꣡
ӸոճףͿʼȴ
һʮʮ꣬ٶʮ꣡
ͨ˵һмʮꣿ
ǣȺ쳾еƽŮӡ
λŮӣһĵȺ򣬽껪ľ
硣ŽȻ˵һμʱԾŵŵԣڿĵңֻǡȻഺ׳òǣʱվǰݵŮȴѾ˼Ƥ׷ϸˡ
ʱʹ಻ѡ
Ž˵ɫݣڱ֮⣬ҶЦȴϻһ˿
ʮΣڵȵ㣬εɹ顣ҶЦ˵ҲǿĲ
ǵģڵȵҡŽҧȴһֳӡ
ҶЦȻתͷ
˿ɫȴĴţţ
һһӵʱ⣬㣬غ֮һŵĲĵŮˣȻ˵ֳ
ֳΪʲôΪ˵㣿
Ǹϸ˵ʱҪģġȴôҲвڡŽ۾૵ʱңʹʧĴ̶Һһ࡭
ҶЦһ̾ĵ׸пĪ
ʮȴڵȻ˵ɷ
ȴûԼഺûԼĻò
һŮ˵ǺεȲ̵ʵ
Ȼ̵ȴǣһغˣͲˣ
أҶЦŽ˵׷ʵ
Žϼڳ鴤ͬҰһ㡣
ҶЦȻһ֮Ȼ
ɡ
ҶЦʵڲԼԤ棬Ŀزô
ǡ
ҰɱˡŽϼţƺʹ飬ޱʹʱĥ
ɱˣ
ҶЦһ
ɱˣ


117 ĹΣ
һȴԼһӵˣһΪԼһŮˣôһɱ
ҶЦԼĶ䡣
ôܣôԣģ
ΪʲôҶЦɸоµķŭеһ̾ȻЩѹֲסʶʵΪʲôҪɱһӡһӾΪôһȴڻšΨһϣò׻ˣò׽˻ΪҪ˶Դһغһİˣ㲻úðοʹҲͰˣ㲻ϣѾݣΪҪɱˣ
ȻԤ룬ҶЦ˿࣬Ծɸо¼ֱµһĻ
£Ǹˡһԣ
;
ǸĵŮӣεɹ飬ȴ뵽λĲɣǣ
ģǸԼһӵĻһѷĵ
̣֮Īڴˣ
Ž۾еˮ˳ͻȻһΪʲôɱеģֻഺòĺӵɤĺ֪һʱҿʲôʲôҿһô󡭡ôϵŮˣ
ƣģ˫嶼´˸ɱӣҪһֱҵ֣ҵĺҵĺǻҵĺ𣿲ǣǡ
Ž˻š
ҶЦһּĮӵĿ
˳ˣͲĺˣͲǵһӵİô
ˣҶЦоǶһַŭǶһ£
ǲҵĺǣԲǣҵĺĺԶǸªϸҵĺŽݺݵ˵ĴڣֻҵĺٵкҰɱˣԥɱˣŵģҵĺϸǣ
ҶЦתͷؿ·ء
ǧ·أ񳯻
ֻоһĪĵȻ
ҶЦȸԴڤļ֮κκܸԼĸоһ̣ĵĪ⣬˲䶳ҶЦģ
ΪԼΪ˹ŽΪĹ֮Сǿĺ
һĵȴ̹ĵİ飬һӣһӣȴʲô
ֻһѵ
УһƥԼǣ
ҶЦͻȻоС
Ȼ֪֪к뷨
ҶЦ룬Ĳ롣һ룬ͻʹĺ
ҶЦΪˣƴҵҵ飬Ǵ˿̣ܲһ֮˵뷨Ĳң
Ҳһ̣ҶЦҪɱŽͷ
Լϵĳ޻ҪøǿҵģҵأҪɱŽ
ˣͲǸˣ
ֱӾһƥǣһͷ
ԣɥ˷ָһͷ
εȵĹΣ
ŽվԹעǷĹ૵㻹ôһˣĴˡ˵ţȻ
ҶЦĿ࣬ĿŹŽĵĲףᣬôܴźƤģ
ĲףҪô޳ܣܹصܺ˼һ˼ԳԼǡ硯
ѵϣûܵǴô
ѵףѡ̤֮·һգŴѾˣ
Ž૵ģʶ˵ֵܣһֱһˡһֱһ꣬һ죬ˮҵİԹ񡭡㷢˿ڷз裬ɫȹӣҸģڷҡҷˡ۾ᣬڿҡİԹʱĻ棬Զǡ
ͻȻһ˵ÿʱһĻҵĶˡ
ҵҲˣòã
Ϊν顯жΪǸĳŮӡġѾ˰ɣ
뵽ΣŰԶȥԼȴסľ
ҶЦ̾Ϣ
Žãվճյؿһ·أ˵ˣ´㡭ھȪ֮£ҪúõչԼĪҪǣҡ
ҶЦóһֽǮó㣬һʱ䣬֪Լʲôζ
ˣѾˣɥĲķˣ
Ҳ̤֮;ĹŴûô磬ټʱǹŴǣɱȴǹŽֱԾǹŽŴѾźһˣ
ҶЦӹŽǱߣȡһ㣬ȼĲ˷ǰڹ·֮ǧ¼ŵŮӣ
о˵кôڴ˳ŵһΪ㱨ġǲΪԼΪ㣬ΪʮȴһĳŵҲҪɱ˹Žֻ
ΣҪɱ˹Ž
ҶЦУᶨԣ
Ϊˣûκһ̣Ҫɱһ˵˼˵ļУ
˵ǿң
ǿҵ˽Ƶĳ̶ȣ
żĿУҶЦ˵һ仰֮ͻȻĹ˷磡һƬƬĿݲݣҶȻڿз衣
ǰƺҲȻһ磬ҶݲݷٵתţҶЦǰתݡ
ڻӦߣǡ
һٶȹƽʱҶЦǰȻһСԲԲģһССѡ
ŽҶЦ㣬οǸм˵ֵܣл㣬Ϊҵĺ㣬֤ûֵܡ
ҶЦǿЦЦ粻ؿ
Žͷŷιӣ΢ЦҲڸءڸˣˣһغûа׷ѣô
ҶЦ˷ֱۣԡ
ŽأԳĿ˰ΣЩ£ˣҶδ˵˵÷ֵܼЦˡ
ҶЦ֮ǰûŴ羹һӡ
仰棬ζʮ㡣
ڹŽĪȻûҶЦ⣬ţᣬ̾Ϣ˵һ㣬ݶ鰡
ҶЦһһĭ
仰ĵòһҪ³ˡ
ˣôܹ޳ֵܵزأ
ڼ˶飬飡
ǳ˿ɼ޷ˣ
ɽʱ򣬹ŽԾᣬݣһͷƺþòȥ
ǲ֪ˣ˲Ŵ˾һ֮ˣ
ҶЦһǿƼŭΨԼһСľĵķŭһӱ˳

Сɽһ·سǣֱſڲŷֵ
ŽҶЦȥҶЦ˿ȴǸû˰顣
ʵǱŽġ顯߶ĵˣܾѸ뿪
Դһ֮ҶЦ̶Աøˡ
ΪΪʱʱľռӽһ񣬻ԴڤĿ״̬ͽ
ÿÿʱҶЦȻΣ֮Уǣȴִһ˿ĪЦݡ
һֳζɱ


118 զˣ
죬ҶЦȻûȥǻ粻Ϊĳֹͣͣתͬ˺ܶࡣ
ʵּӣ׼ԮϽ
̫ǱߵˣòҲĬƺڵȴʲôĵĿ
ҶЦȻף̫ӵˣȻڵȴԼѶĴ
Լ˻ƣѾ߰ˡ
߰컹
߰ʱ䣬ƻδǱδ
ҶȻͣ춼¶¶棬ȻЩ¶棬֮࣬ǿмϾʱ䣬ҶЦĸеԼʱ䲻ãƫƫӸĳЩ˿
һΰǰ鿴ҶЦȥ֮˵ҶЦɫ󣬵ƤѾЩˣϷľ顭ǻѾҪˡ
Ϸӵ̫ⷬӺ̫볤һ
̫ӻ˵һ仰
ҶЦʵҲͦϧġ
мϧζĻִ̫һƢ
ΣҶЦܹǿҪˣڻ֮£֢Ҳԣȫʬ
ԣ̫ȻһȴҲû̫֡
Ľϼ巽ˣʱҲûǣ뾡һа취йϵ·ҪƸ¥İ׹ӵǸ
ֻǡ
Ƹ¥Ĵʵ̫أζҲ硣
ʱ޼үһֱû¶棬˵ڼ๥ƴһոѧʶֻ˸ҶЦ˼ƿԹơ
ţԹƣֺ⣬ʵǴ˵е׳ҩڵүмòԺܸɴȫ͸ҶЦˡ
ǱȻ߲ܣյһĿ
ҶЦɾͲһˡ
ΪҶٺܴ࣡
ȣҶĺܴ࣬ҴĵеˣϴУ֪ȫǸɶõģֻƵֺΰ⣬νֲ֣óζȣܼңţǰһơ
˺þһⲻǺô
ҶЦôģҲôġ
˵ҶЦͣкþƷϣξ˳ľˡ
ΪƵԵʣԭȾξʮüûʹʹˣֶƣ϶ҪһݣһҲν
ȵˣҶЦĽԹ˳ױ
㿴þƣ
ξסˡ
ֶŪһӵĺòˣʢȭȭԷػҪ׳أ
ĳȻȾƣôȾƣɶҲȰ
ξ鴤˵ò
վû˵ҶЦ
ҶЦһĲ죺壬զˣϲȺþôզץžƱţҾƱҸϡ
ξıžƱܾʣЦЦ塭ƣ
ҶЦȻ˵ǰ˵ƿǺöһ˶㲻Ȳأ޼ҲүүĹϵŸ㵽˼ƿⲻˡҿһﻹеТģ֪͵㣬֪ϲֺþƣָͬζ϶ȵ㡣
ξǼ鴤ţ֪ÿ޻ǸЦ
⻰òƶǺûôôŤأ
ȷǺö
ҵȷһ˸㲻Ȳŵġ

СӲҲ֪ɣ֮ǰҲͦ竵ģ᲻֪ɣҼ֮Уûôడ
ôϲ־ˣʲôʱϲˣ
Сأ̭أѾĵʲô˼
Ƿ֨
ξԥ˰ΣվǾȡ
ĳһֱԼƤͦģȴʵֶһүһ׳¡Ǵ֪ˣƾ㲻ԼҲȴ˵
Ǿͻˣһһ鲻ãΪ°ɶˣǲأ
Ϊñ粻ݣξ赭длֻ˵Լ⼸ϻġܺȾƣֶĺ⣬Ψơ
ҶЦǾһ£ѵüôһƹȻҲвȾƵʱǾԼһ
ξ۹ĵҵҪСǲǹŪңߣҪԼˣǵҲˣСҪǸҲȡǾ֤СӾǹҪЦ
ҲСӵġ
ţ򲻴ù˵һܲ˵ģ
ҶЦ˿֪ξеСž㣿
˵ĳǰҲͦϲֱ֮ɫ̣쳣ˣζ˱ǣȷףȵ㣬˵һݣҲҪСø߱
ʩʩȻسڲˣһӣξ۾ע֮УǱһ
ξʱ졣
ЩֻѵʵУ治֪飿ôһȥòƿǹСܵġ
ɶҲɲ˵ˣ־ƣҲһС㹻ˡ
Сȴһھ͸
ҿСӵȻô죡ǲȥμ˵ģ˵ơҲһҹѡ
ߣСӸղžȻȰӺ־ƣ
һҹ
ҶЦһ¶ǣ죬˵㴼ԶֻǶЩҩζζǺܿԵġ壬治ȵ㰡
ξٶȿ϶ҡͷ
˼עҶЦȴǺЩֵζ
ҶЦҡҡͷҪ治ȵĻҿɾĲˣƵ治޼С֮Ƕҵθڡ
δˣһֻѽһ̳Ӿ漴һӡ
ཹཡ
ξ۾ֱˣ
һʱ𾪵ö˵ȻԼֹ顣
ȵڻعʱҶЦ̳㹻ľƣѾȥһ롣
ȥЦСӣƲܺȣٲôȰξŤš
ӿɻˣˡ
СĲ֪ƵĹŹ֡
ȵˬ
ȥôĽʲô°
Ҫ°
ҶЦ¾̳ĨĨ죬ֵķʵܺȣôȣʲô˵ΪʲôΪһô࣬˷ôû£޼һҲأȻƣҵȻȥΣ
ξס
˸ȥҶãôôˣСӺ˵Ȼ֪ˣ
⻰ô˵
һ˵ҶûȤҲרȥơ֮ǲܺȣٲһô࡭һ֪ˡ
ҶЦΪȻ˵ĶãôеСأܺûϵﻹһ̳ء
ͷཹལ¾ͽʣľƹȥ
ĨĨ죬޵ˬ
Ŀĳ̵ξľѾֱӵû
ĵˬһоˬ
쵰СһԺô׳ƣ°ɣ
ȻһҶЦɫԽԽ죬ſ૵ô£ô͵ûšôþء
ξ˼Ц˵˵ЦЦ
ԾҶЦȻоԼзһֵĳ嶯漴ȻǼӲ֡ʹļȣôء


119 ¾㱸׼ɱ
ĳǰһӵĴͯӹҲϤһ㣬ȵƾͱУȴĵһΣ
һ֡Ƶĸо
ξ˵ЦЦСӸղźȵǡ伫Ʒ׳ơ
ҶЦԼʱסˣ
漴͵һ
׳ƣģҶЦһ
ӻǴءҪ׳ô
Ц
ξȻ˵㡭㲻ɣ㡭Ҳ֪
ҶЦϺһڶĳͻأϻҡִûɶզ֪أӴι⡭ָоʵֵúܡ
ӡûɶ
ξ۾һ仰˵㡭Сӻ֮ͯͯӼһֻ
ҶЦۣϻࡡ
ξҪ˹ȥһ֮ͯ׳ƣ
զ
ͯӼôŪ
鼱֮£ŭ԰ǰЩ졭㶼ȥأôô¶֪
ⱾԲӦһ˵ĻȻֶȥѰ
ҶЦߺ֪ԼĻﲡҾǸ̸̸롭
ξɴ۾Ŀòһĭŭ˵ɶҹĸ̸룿
ҶЦֻõͷǰǰҪɶ
ξȫסˣһãűף費˵ôġ㡭ҲǸʥˡ
йŮһҹȴ̽롭ⲻʥˡʲô
ȻɶܣСڶ֧ǸˣôҲɶܰɣ
ǡզ찡ξŭ
ʱû취ˡ
СʵǸСåɫжɫʲôҲð죬Ҽ¥һӾ¶һȻͯУû׼ɶɶһϲͨء
Ǿ͡ǿɾ治ˡ
̫̫˷Ѱ
ҶЦţվ૵ٺ٣ûɶ¡ȥϴˮȡ¶ý
ξĿҶЦ߳ȥϺ
Ȼˮۡһ졭
ĳ˼ʱЦֳС쵰ǳһοͷæȥе˰ϵظȥˮ
ʮѪѶ
ܼҴ˿֪ӣһˮûõġ

һҹҶĳˮûϹ
һͰһͰľˮȱҶٽԼԴȥȻһᣬִͷϽ



һһȺ˵ˣԼүǱ״˥ŲϵĳˮүĿ߸߳˶ǱһЦ
м߻ڴˮʵڿƲסɴཫˮͰһףڵϺصĴЦ
¶ʵ̫ˡ
λսɫҲ޲ЦҲЦĹܼҴߣСϴõô鷳ôֻҪһ˹ӡͽˣүҲǴ˵ˣǸӵɣ
ξһۣƨ˶ܱɵСӻ֣ƨֻ֣ͯӼ֪ôеģ֪£һ̳ӵ׳ƣ׳ƶʶȻ֡
Դ㶵ػȥˣƬ֮һ̲סĴЦȻǸջζ
ͯӼԭүͯӼ
үӣֻǿҲ˵ΰΰ
⡭ɲһͯӼֱǴ󹫼Ǵ󹫼ļƷսЦЦЦžЦˡ
ͷ˿ԼĿɣɵһȻԲλడ
ⳡ־һֱڵ賿
ۿҪˡ
أԿܵĳڸоǹɾòЩɢȥæͣ˲ˡհɰһӵ趼ϴˡ˼Ƥȥ
һһһֵıЦ
Դ֮Ҷ׳ⶫлһȷʵòţȴΪ̫ˣҹ֮¼ֱĳı裡
ǣȴ޼͵⼸̳ƣǲҺˡǣҶЦȴǽⶫװһ¡
˵ģȴҲû뵽޼͵⼸̳ƣȻһ벻ãҶЦȻ˰һ¡Ǻ󻰲ᡣ
ҶЦΪ£ҵฮãȻ֪Ȼ޼ɺݺݵĴһ٣
ûκɵĿһ١
޼ɱʾԼԩ֮ȫ֪һﵽǷʲô衭
Ⱥ޼֪ͨ£ʱЦóӶˡҴҲ޼ɣүֵһ顣
֮Ϊҫ
ĳ෴ǽүĿֽھʹ֮ϣ
֪ЦôСӿһȥ׳ƣ۷֮ʢ۹
һ󾪺ݵĿ⡭
Ǻ󻰲ᡣ
ٽ죬ҶЦܡ
ξҲ֪ҶЦȥʲôξŸΣȴζĪľ͸ˡ
Ȼ׷ⷽ棬ξȲĳòƱ֮Ҳֲ磡
ξ޹⣬ϷݣСӻӲСӣ
ҶЦξȴʲô˵ˡʵǶ˰
ԼҲ𽭺һѺ֡
׷һʮëͷСӣһαéޣһξȻ˼Ժ
Ȼëû׷ٵ
Ǽˣɶ˵ء

Žÿһ춼ܸоףǸֽ֮ˡףǸֳ֮ˡס
һжƿ֮еøоùŽ⡣
ǡƿеǸԼ֪ԼƿС
Ǿ͸ˬˣ
뵽Ǹ֮豻ԼƵģԼǵ񵤺ڤҲڲ֣֮Щ֮ĳ˻һԼͬɾ͵ĳˣԾɻԼһѪΪԼޣŽ͸ӵĿˡ
ÿÿ뵽Щ飬Ž鲻ԽϾ¶һ˿ζЦݣЦݣһ֣աСΡЩζ
ÿһοŽ¶ЦݣҸԵɱܶԶ֮
ΪЦһֻƤһðооջҲһķ
òһʱпӵĸо
ȻûмҶЦЦݡ
⼸лҶЦЦݣͻףϵı̬Բֹһ
ҶЦڵЦݣŽı̶̬ίʵй֮޲Σ
ڣҶЦڱͲɽԱ߲Զһ߷ϣٶȲ󷨣ңֵЦݡţļζ
βõֻһ
ңҶЦܹ϶ԹŽֶΣҪЩֶԿƳ
ɽϣҶЦ⼸ʱ䣬һǰͨ磬ҷͨɽ
мλãһӴĿռ䡣
һкϸĵزһϾʯϻ˼ΩΩФɵ
Ȼǰǰļá
ֱȷһʧص˵ͷ


120 Žˣ
ҶЦⶴһһĴʯͷʯͷ棬˼Ѹոմν
žžž
¾㱸ҶЦ֣һԼһֲóĳ壬૵£͵ŹŽǸ˵Ͷˡ

һߣŽþ֮ɵϢ
һ̣۾͵ͻȻһվ
겨Ӧ˲͸о˶־˶ǰδеĿ
оԲд
⣬µ
ǵڤ
һƼµı֮϶޷٣
У˿ڷ֮ϵĽָָķҲڳ⣡
ּ޲ʾһµʻ
ڣټ֪ڤ䣡
һ
Žһ˲䣬Ȼһ磡
Ӵڡˢһٷɳֻ֮䣬Ѿ˳⣡
羭죡
һ̵ٶȣ𵴣Ǭݣ
ŽѹԶƶɵĲɢȥ֮ھ˾ķΧڡ

ȻǴŽҲǲ˿Ĵ⣡
С޴Ҳһ˲ʧ󣬾Ϳܵ̽䣡
Ͼһ뵱ЦͥɱĴ
Цһ֮ɱ۽Ǳʵʮ꣡
˿̵ĹŽνСģȴµٶȥ˳⣬ű˶Դͷ۶ȥ
ĽӽָӦԽԽԽԽ
ڤϢҲԽԽ
ƺԼ֡
ȻԼжȫڤڽˣ
Žģϸоȷշƣһ·伣СǰУǰǸ֮ʦӵıͲɽˡ
ţǸо䴦
ͣԽͲɽټǰߣǰͻȻһƮĸɽ߸
ָоǴɽģ
Žһɽƣʱоһϲ
󣡡
ȻԼסĵط
ߣ½ȷʵ˿ơȴԲˣңŽֻоһϲ
֮ǰʦɽϲõ󷨡쳣ȷʵ޼ƿʩȻҲƽ⣬ȴһ£ܡһϵĲ㣬ԲóơڶܣƳأ֮ǰ󷨣Ϊ
ҶۣϵĶĿԣʵڲߡ֣ôûЩԡĿܾǣѾһϢؽ٣ֻҲڤϢȻң
Ž¶пҵЦݡ
λעҪҵ
Ž߽ɽʼƽơ
Ȼ֪޶Ծɲǿƽ⣻һ˴ڤ֮ززôعֶΣֻ¾ҲҲˡ
ϱǿߣһˣһ൱ֶΣ
ŽһһƽƣȴֹסЩ֮̾⡣
Ȼ
;ƿݵ״֮£Ȼܲõôϸܣиɻ
ڣĵھŲȻ⿪
Žһžͷ˵ϣΪѾ˰ɽλãǰһС·ϡ˴˿ھӸ¿һࡣ
ŽſţһŤ˼£ȻС·ϵĹľУϢɽŵƤȥ
˿̵ֱӾһ޴ŵ棡嶯ȻѿƶٶȴǺܿ죡
ˣ
ˣ
ڤϢԽԽˣ
Ľˣ
Ž۾ڲԶԸߴԼ಻ʮɵĵطһںĶڡ
ڤϢǴɢݳģ
ȻҲ棡
ŽɴԼҲȫֹͣˡ
κ飬ԽӽɹʱԽ׳©
Žã
ǧ̫ģ
ǧҪ
ǧҪСģ
ڶõ֣ɱ֮ǰ򲻿ɴ⣡
ŽϵԼҪСģģӽ˶ڡ
Сĵ˼
Ծûκ
Žڷģһֻ֣Ѿ˶ڴɽڣ
ʱϣ¶Цݡ
Ϊڿȷһ£ǾȷΪΪˣӦ÷ԼټԼһðಫˣ
յջҲؽḻ֮
˵ڤϣҲ϶вԼȴɵõĺö
ʱдһ޵˭
ֱܹһ㣡
ŽзȶӵĿģ̲ס¶Цݡ
Ȼˣвζֻмĸо
Ǻ½߳ܲסѹѡ˱ᣡ
ˣԼȴܶϤߵǿиɣһʵ
ǣˣŽٲãܸɴ೤һ˶ڣȴǳŪЦѧŽǰݼҪɥ֮Ȯһӣ
дЦѾ˶֮У
һŽ֮罣Ѿݺص
˲ʱϯռ䣡
Ž洫һг־ζ
Ž˻ǿƳȥ˲䣬һӰͬٶź󶴿ȥԷٶҲǿ켫ŽȻΪˣȴҲֻüһӰ˲ͳڣ䲻
ֻһݵĴŽ֪ڵˣ֣֮Σ֣ȵΪָ֮գɱ֮ʱʱͽڵѪϴˢҽյĳ裡
λ˵㣬ѾЩǺȡ
Զȥ
գΪ㻹л뿪ĻôŽҪ׷٣Ͼĸ󻼣ɱܸ֮ǡ
ոҪ׷٣ȴͣ˽Ų
۾һ
ʱ˿̣оֻһ¶ѡһɫ
ڤ
ǰҪĿģ
ڤȣʲôǣ
ֻҲû뵽Ȼ˵ĲһսƬ̶ңô֮ززԭƴಫսٻغϵĹŽһֻһ֮࣬ȴвźԼ̫Сˣܹһ㣬״ûӳԼգһȱʧˣ
Ȼ˼Ҳˣһз֮ߡ
Ҫնɱһ;ĩ·еǻᣡ


121 ۣסˣ
ΪȬʼȡһգȻɱĻᣬʱϵԽãԷֻأҲֻжԼ
һ˵ֻҪǸʦɱˣһӾעָܻˡȻ֮ߣǱƵûа취ˣ϶ǲôġ
˿̹Ž۾ֻнߵڤݷޱȵĹâ
ߣܽһϢŽĪ
ⶫⶫ
Ž૵˵ţûǡǴѾõصһ汦ʱգڵõˣ
¶¶Եɫһ߹ȥ
λߵʱƺΪȻҶʲô£в¼ʮɢڤ棬˸â
Žֻڤν񣬸ûע⡣
Ҳпڤȣʲô
ڤڵ󷨣ǧֻСɣȴڿɡŽЦֻһɣұ޵У˭Ҳӣ
޵У˭Ҳӣ
Ž־سЦţ㵸ͬħһ㡣
ǸĻǸ֮ˣϲŭɫǴ˿̣һûʲôУҲ⣬Ϊ½ϣ磬ܹһв£
ҲΪϣǰߣֻ˵Ѿ߬У
Ըóѡ־ʱ̣ôѹԼʲô
ԹŽʵĿΣ֣
ֻҪ󷨣ʲôһŮħʲô»ʣʲôţʲô칬ͳͳڻ£ͳͳҵūţ
򣬽һƿأҾ𣡵ͳһ򣬾ͽһ׽ҹŽɾһۣبų棬£
֮£Ī֮ĪӣȥŮڿ£۹Žͫ׶ѾŴ󣬿һʼ緢ſ״Σֻھ鷢йеĿϲ
һĿЦ
ͻȻ𣺡ңУΪʲô㻹ңУȷҸҪô㻹ңУֵһôڿԻش㣡
Ž𣺡УΪΨҶУΪ˶£УΪ֮ϣУΪڣΪ۷壡ΪҪʲôȥʲôʲô
Ž𣺡ڳɹˣ
ԹŵΨһˣ֮
ӣ
磬ҵģҵģ
ŽЦ
Ϊϲ뼸״̬ĳ˲ûע⵽Ϊ֮ڤϣЩԭɢĹâѸٵȥ
ڤҲ˶һּµȻ֮˸
صϢƺӪһʹ˿ҵķΧڽӰŹŽǣ
ңң
ŽԴȴǺġ
ɽ֮ǰѾϸСĵˣûκܹвˣ鼫ȷɣ
׷Ŀ꣬ͽǰߣ㣬־ݿϲѾȥ˼¡
㵸ĺţӽڤз޿ȵĹʣ֣ḧڤһ˲䣬Ȼӯ
ұԸһҫ￪ʼ̣磬дΨҰҵǴʱ˿̴˵ءŽ˵ţѾڤ档
Ķôᣬƺһ»֮ҹɷڸԼİӡ
Ȼһ̣ŽͻȻһУ⡭ô£
Ӵڤһ˲ԭڤľʮſĲâ˲ʱȥͬʱ˻ҽƮڵأ
ͬʱڤڲһǿ󵽼㣬񵽼ǿŹŽ壬ڤ
ƺһޱߵĶħƴľȡʳ
ŽĿܣһ춯ص׽ɽҡصǿͻľ޴ǰȻûаã
Ǻ޷صġ
ž
Žݺݵڤ棡
ڤԭڱâڴʱȻǣ
Žε档
һ̣ڤһ֮Ĵ
ŽǽڴһСƬ
Žƴţֵ̿ɫĵƴ˹ʩչӦַɾѲˣһָͷû취
ʯͷǿصȻĵԪƷΪҲ޷
Ķһǿ壬ͷüëëëһǰڤ棡
ңоԼڵԪȻ͵ĻԾһҪʯͷȥ
⵽ô£ôѵŽŵ۾˼Ҳڤл֣̿һʱѾȥ˼㡣
ֻþȫԼʵһʯͷһȴǸӵĲܶˡ
ƴһ£ᵼΪߣ
ֻǳһ£͵ӣƴҲܶˡ
ڴ˿̣Ӱһһʵһô£
ȴǸ֮
ŽϲŽкֵܣҡ쵰ʯͷסˡ
ҶЦһͿǰ쾰󣬶ʱͷģЦȻӵֿ˻ۣס˸¸¡
ȴһ𾪣첽߽Ŵ磿ػô£
Ž֮ǰתķ־ѰټҴ֮ǰżȻӦѭӦ˵أȻҵļҴһʱϲ֮±ջأǴﱻ˶ֽţұסˡȫˣ취
Ž֮ţȻӾ˲Ϣ֮䣬һ׺˵ùȥ˵ʣȻƻ󡰷֮衱֮ͬģԼ
ҶЦݼǳɫ֮´ʧɫⱻ˶ֽţ㱻ˣˣôᶯˣôô
Žּŭһʱ⣬С壬ϤҼҴԣлֻ֮Ҫæͺã֣ҵֻ֣Ҫҵһ㡭ͺˡ
ǿ϶ġ
ڤĺǹŽ½ľʵѣֻ֮һֻССϵܹ
ǣֻҪҶЦŽнӴô˲֮󣬹Žܹǣȡ֮ģҶЦ档ȡڵĹŽ


122 һа취ɱ
ƻľֶΣں½Ǵ˵ȴκ
һ㣬ŽȻ֪ģ
Լ˶ڤ˿ãȫûѵĿܣ֮ɵǺǵԼתԼΨһĻᣡ
ΣôҪ֮裬Ҳ˵ˡ
ΪǱٴٴ󡭡ʼҲԼС󰡣
Žкݺݵš
Ѳƶѱúͳģ÷֮赲ֻ֣ǰǰЧðˣŽĵǲκģ
һΪò߱ɱغԼʮİˣ˼һոսʶõСʲô
֮ĺʵ˵ŽʮİգԼ
Žڴ˿̷һģԼ˻ٶһˣǲϧҲҪԼķ֮裡
Ž˵Ļ֮ȴǸ֮Ȼվԭûжûò˼ûС
ô֣Ž˼Ȼ޷ͷֻܶڤǱŭһ
ٺٺ١ҶЦЦŽҶʲô֣
ŽԾһһ˲ԤȻ𣬶ʱŵ˵㡭㡭
ҶЦٺЦҷѾǧࡢѪŲôһ壬˵һһ׸ȻҾ㣿һΪҲ˿̽Ӵĺô
ȻҴߴҶ֣룬һ룬һԶǵþһķ֮裬ֵܣôҶЦЦŽɵĿ
ŽһѪ˳ѵ˵㡭㡭˵ʲô⵽ô£
ҶЦֻ쵰ϻˣ㲻ǴߴҶôҳȫԸͶˣ
˵ţ˳ִӶѨгһ׼õĴ󵶣þȫŹŽԴݺݵȥ
һȣҶ
Ž״ʱɢʧУҪ
Ƚ֮ǰŽȵԪ֣ȻҲг֣
̸ץҶЦһ磬ݺݵ˹Žͷϣ

ŽһҽУ

ҶЦһУ
Žֻоͷ͵رһ䣬ȻȻһ־壬ҽУ·Ȼ߾Ȫ
ǣҶЦһȥǸоԼһͷϣһӲĸ֮ϣ÷飬ڶһ˿
һиֵȻϳأ
ŽͷȻӲȵز
Ž״ʱЦ̿־ȥЦҹŽǧ꣡ҵ壬ǵҲǼ֣֮裬ʵ΢ɱңʧֻϵ£ұɱ㣡飬ˣҺΣ
ֵûκЧŽʱĴЦٲղŵĳ̬
ҶЦ״аһץһѵȴŹŽĲӿȥ
ৣ
ղԴͷӲĲλӲӲʤӰܣֵһϣҲǲɽܵ飬ǲӣȴҪѪܵĻ㼯֮أͷһļʵԼնҲն˰ɣ
ǽ֮ǰһ㣬һһڵҲӦڣ
ҶЦĵײ̾ϢһԼĿǰΪʵ̫ˣԷ˼Ѿ֮㣬Լ׸ĹŽԼûκζԷʵͽκΣ
ҶЦºȻȴһԲϵñڹŽϸҪʵ飬Ͳκβ
¾壬ش⣬Ž߳ɹǣ֮裬ңұɱ㣡˵ģҪǧУٷʬнԪһǧ꣬һ꣬÷
ҶЦŹŽĽɫɱܲ¸ǰ㲻ͣȴԽԽ𾪡
ʵŽ̶̳ȣҶЦĿǰɵ˺ޣҶЦ׼ˣδ۲֣ҶЦԲɱ֣ɵˡ
֮Ҫڤ֣֮ΪڤĶԣҶЦԤ㵱Уڿ״̬ڤܹŽ֮⣬ܽҲһߣڿԤڣֻɹǰ볡볡òƳԤ֮⡭
ŽڹȻ޷ȫƾԼ׸ҲɱЦˣЦȴδزܳ桪
ľ֪ڿ״̬ڤȻǿȴҲ伫޵ģ֪״̬άֶ೤ʱ䣿
ҶЦȴ֪ǹŽһΪûʱڱɣǾζţܹ
ʱ򣬾㷭ֵԼˣ
Žʺͷ­۾䡢ġȡ塭
ҶЦøֱ̽ЩҪ硢ĸֶΣ籩һ½ǣŽȴǿȻƾҶЦεϮĴŽȴǺˣ
ҵķ裬Ѿ֧飬²壬ȴǼ羫ֻ֣һ׺ۣε˺ȴǰûУ
һҲܶΨһķֻһ
Ȼˣȴܸоʹ˽Ϯĳ裬һĿŭ
ڤɵ˿δԽԽǷŽס
ȻĪ֮⣬ڤڳżֳ֮ǵĺǿ֮࣬˳ȥʱ֮ҶЦֵɽѾеɫֲ̿ήԶԶûֹЪڵγһİ˪Զӹȥ
ûоͷ
ǴԶ˵ء
ɽѾһͷβıɽ
£ɢžӨ貵Ĺâ
Ǹڣ˿ҲѾ׸ǡ
޼ӲҲ޵ı棬ɽ֮УҶЦ˱Ļ֮УǴ죬ͷȺڳǿ˶״̬ĳˣ뾡һа취һֶΣҪɱŽ
ȲıҶЦУһһ磬ڹŽͷκβλҪȻ䡭
ն䡢䡢䣬䡢䣬ֶַ伫ȫʩΪ

ѾصıƬ
ŽϣȴֻǶ׺۶ѡ
ҶЦ׼ıãųȻѾȫѣһ˿Ҳûκε˹Ž
ҶЦһԲһһȻģݺݵŹŽ۾˹ȥ
ѾҶЦֶΣеĻֻ¾ҪϽıսתˣ
ŽۼҶЦ㳢֮ǺɫС룬֪ǺȻ죬ټ˵λã²ҵ͵ıƤ
ۣѾǹŽĿǰ޶ˣ
һħָķ룬޻ٵشڹŽƤϡ
ŽҽУ


123 Ϊʲô
ɹˣ
ɹȻƤӦݣȴڽħɵļĴȻùŽٶȸоΣ
ħ棬͸Ƥ
ҶЦ˹Ϥעں֮ڣ̣˶ŭ𣬶ڽС
Žţʹţҽţţš
ٽһʱ֮ҶЦ̾һȻˡ
Σٲȫն񣬹ŽƤϣһϸϸѪۣȴʼû͸Ƥ˵
оǣħ벢ûһ飬˷âȴҲûгְˡ
˼ʵĹŽҵĴϢţأµĴŭҪɱ㣬Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㡭
ظоǸ룬ѾвԼ۾ղŵǶν֣Լ򣬾һܵȼѹƤȻҶЦֻҪܹٴôһ㣬Ҳ̱
ղŵյ˼
ĴŴ
ĵװһҡ
ҿ쵰Ϊ㹻ĵӣֻԪ硣
򣬽ֻ»пֻܱɱ
ҶЦԸ۾вֿͨʼѰٱĵطץסŽ壬һͶ磬ݲݴ̣ǣŽȻÿһνеͬǱʬһңȴÿһգǰȻ
ĹŽʹ裬ڵ
еĿ־壬˼ʸÿһζͦ˹ҲԽԽԾǰķ֮Լ޿κΣҲԽԽ죺ֻҪˡҾɱʦɱȫҡ塭ҡҶ췢ġ
ҶЦԳŭеĵ룬˳ְԱһĥ̴СʯͷݺڹŽͷϣ
䣡
ʯͷʱ飡
ŽͷĻҳмҡҡͷŭ𣺡֮裬š޳ܵ˵
ҶЦ˿Ҳ淢˺ݣ
ϣҾͲŪ㣡
ֻҪŪŽȵ֮ʱԼҪ֮ء
ҶЦҲЩˡ
䡭
޲֮ʣɴʲôʲôģȻֻʯͷĴʯͷϵڹŽͷϣ֮䣬Ѿٿĥ̴СĴʯͷȫڹŽͷϿ
һʱҳ죡
Ž˴˿Ѿȫʯ֮У߲һ꣬ʯأԻĹ䣬ŽԴȴ¶˳Ц׳գⲻǰ׷ѹɱҵģȰ㻹ǸϽҸطԾȥɣΪǶڵõĳ·һ£ֻҪ㻹ûüˣʱһãܣԶܿ࣡
ЦٸһûϢʯͷĸѾҪʧˡܹоڤڽˡζʲô㶮𣿹֮裬ĺӾҪˣڴأǿ־أ
ǧ಼壬ȷʵֵóޣ⻹һԵôңôףǿЦʱ֮࣬Ūڹ֮䣬ȴƣĺźƾڵ֮ɱңʵ̫ǿһЩѾɹˣһ̣ңңԾֻһ֪ߵغ󡡭
ҶЦɫעǰĵȴһ󽹼
ŽԣڤȴѾҪˡ
ԼԹŽԾ޲ߡ
ѵҪһ񣿣
ǣҪôɱأ
£ջùŽɱôԼҪɹһЦϵµһɵư
ҶЦĵĸҵؽƵ֡
Žһ߲ҽУȴһ
ڡʯѻһ¡
ҶЦֵļŽļλãȻһ¡
ȻֻԶδڤѾ˵ˣ
ڤѾҪɢʱҲסŽˡ
Ϊ˵ĹŽȻҲˣϵػżһһʵģЦ֮裡û뵽ɡû뵽ҲɱҰɣ⣡㾡ΡȻүʼҵģƵңƵô
ҶЦ̲ס¶֮ɫ
ҪұԣȴѾûˣҪʯͷңȴ֣ʯͷҲѾûУ
ֱ߾ȻѾȫûܹ˺ŽĶ
ŽǱȴѾҪˡ
ѰңȻǸӲȡġ
ѵҪΪɽ𹦿һ񣿣
ҶЦһҧ˿ռ䣬ڿռѰܹ˺ŽĶռԼγֹЩĵرЩ˵Ķš˵һеɱģֻǿŷǳ۵ģ˸Źâĵ
˿ѿŵҶЦһ
ӲֺεȾܣŽ壬׸ΪʲôɱΪʵ̫ΪΪƴŬƴƴŪһԴʮ֮˾Ŷ쵰ǿˡƫƫ쵰ܷ۵ӱ˶Ҫˡ
ѾľȻﰲȻ£쵰ʲô
һ뵽ҶЦŭͷ𣬶򵨱ֻŵƺӦҶЦȻ΢΢ҡΡ
ƺڳЦҶЦܡ
ҡΣ
ҡθ
ҶЦŭ˳־ͽŵһʱ侹ȻûзǰԼ˵ʲôòòĵ˿ȴͻȻܹˡ
ŭֱ嶥ŵҶЦ漴һ˿ռ䣬ݺݵҳŪӣҪ군Ҳ군
Žԭڼͷϲݣȴ⿴ҶЦһʧˣ֣ȴоڤٲȻСһЩһߵļҲܶˡ
ӴϻһܹܶľֲķΧȴԽԽˡ
ŽȻΪˣۿԼͻָɣȻԼ֮ȴҲʵ֤ڤȻԺõУȻҪúоһ£ܹΪԼʤǿƵ˵һҲ˵
ȻڼŽҲͲˣڲŻع񣬼ʱһ亹ҿѾˡǻ쵰ɱ˻ԼɾҪˡ
֮ɱԼǻɱԼ練Ƶģ
ʲôⲻô
ڣŽѾʼ룬취ȰɵߣǸʦɵвԵ
ڷ֮衭ߣ
ŽзݣҶҪ٣
ҪҲҪһ꣡
ÿһ죬ÿһʱÿһ̣Ҫã
ܣ
ȻңҪɱң
ŽкأҲ벻ףһͷˮ֮ΪʲôҪɱԼȫûɵģ
Լ̸ǿ㹻ɹ۵ģ


124 һ㣡
Լûдˣֲɳȥͷġ
ֻҪ㹻ŬҪףԼδزȫǸԼĳ⡭
˵Է֮ԣԼھԱȲøã
۴κνǶ˵ȫûжɱԼƫƫôˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

ǣ³ԭһҪףȸˣŰһӣ
Žһ߳ŭָԼȫ⣬ȴƭĸоŭɣ
оʼգԼһˣŪС
֮ͿԼٰϷЦɱԼһ㣬ĸоûҶЦľôġ
ΣգҲǲ֮ٻϡ
оǡղŻǰôͻȻʧˣ
һֿ˵ãԼȻܶйȴȻԼʶҲûֱղôʧģôأ
ɽȥ
һ뵽ŽͻȻһ¡
һǰȴΪ״ΣȫԵ飡
ɽĻ˵Ǽ֮
¶ȷΧ֮£ӵԪʵ֮ˣɽҲǴȥģǷ֮Ԫ磬ȴж糣ڣԼҪӰ졭
ڤļ˺ͬСɣ
⼫˺ԼΪܹܣҪ֮趯֣ԼѾһ߽ʬ֮ôǳΪôأ
˼˼֮ʣȴӰһ֮ٶȳǰ
ٺ١ӼҪˡŽؿҶЦп˵ŰɣշģһҵļңҡˣеȫҪ֫ϣܣͬһıһţŮģҪ˵ö࣬ٺ٣ѿЩֱˣЩɫģӾͽԺͳͳĹƲǮ֮裬Ҫĵڹ굱ˡ
ҶЦЦһƾ㣬±Ӱɣ
Ȼһ𣺡ˣҲһҪᣡҵһɣ
͵ؾǿŵȻ£䡱һ˹ŽԴϣ
ҶЦʵûʲô취ˣģûа취İ취
ܵƣȴǲܸŽʲô취
ֻóһУ
ν군ƣȻᵱֻΪֶܻΣ
ŵǿռĹؼ֣˵֤
ԼŵΪý飬ҹŽ϶ܱȫ޾ռֻҲ֮ġǣǿռܸŽĻôһˣ
ʤװ׵ɱң
ҲҪҸ汳ģ
ǿŵһǸһڹŽͷϡ
Ž״ĴЦ㻹ûҹû㣬
ͻȻһҽУ
һҽУνǾ춯ȴ֮
ҶЦǰ仯˹Ҳˣסˣȫû뵽˵
ΪֻŽǵǹԴȻŵһ֮£˿Ѫɽİ׵Ķʱཱུð
Ǵ˽ƿȴһƬϡ
᲻ɴݵԴȻôһŵˣ
һֱӽͷ­ѿ
ŽԴ֮ǰʯͷնңʼ˿
Ǵ˿̣ĳͷƣ
ǳ׵߸һ仰ѻʯ
֪ѻʯ޴ģҶЦѻʯȻʯͷˣȴǰȻ
Ž˼ʵĲҽ澪춯أ
ʲô
ҶЦĿɿڴ
ԼղŰٰ޼֮£ΣһγԵ뷨ԣԾõĽҲͲ˫ͬھǡôô˺أ
ֻǣҶЦ漴ͻعʱЩʵʵʲô壬ǸϽ㶨ǰ
ȻŵĵЧǾͼֹףΪ֮
㣡㣡õ㣡쵰ˡҶЦ޳ɣŭǿŵ¡¡¡¡ֽȥŽ˿ȻָЩĻȴǲܷղֱͻһԴƣԺ״̬Էľţҽţܿûˡ
ΪҶЦգۼ䣬Ѿ£
˼ʷһ룬Ҳ־Ҫд
һͨңӹŽͷһֱҵţȻңʼҪɴֱӾﻹҾ
ȵҶЦֵͣʱ򣬹ŽѾһѳͷβ࣡
ˣֶ
ⲻһĵԪ֣Ȼôùģĳŵˡ
ľǱģĳûϵҲǳһѣ
һۣ˳ϹͣҪ鹦ĳŵ
ûе˼ңĵŪĳ
ԲۡһźõҶЦŵһʱ侪ϲӣһĸо
ȫʱŵ˾޴ϣ
һߣڤҲڴʱֹͣͷź
ȻؾĬ
ҶЦһƨڵϣĴŴ
ֱڣԾɲΪʲôӣ
ˡʯͷҲã
һŵ
ôͻأ
ǰѪģܲǼٵİ
ҶЦһͬʱһƣ͸кˮϮǼѡ
ǰյҲǧذۡƣ͵һɱˣ
ΪɱôһȴҶԼҲ
׵ǣһֱˣòƻ֪ԷΪʲôᱻ
ʱŽѾóһ⽴֮УͻȻðһ̡ڣȻڿγһ˵Ӱ
ĿȻ
ȻǹŽ
ҶЦһ֮£漴ȻԼˣԪ֣ѾǣֻҪԪ壬ܹһʱ䣬ʱֻҪҵ˺õļ壬ܹȥ
ΪԽߣܹڵʱҲԽҶЦǰЦۣԴ棬ٿά¹⾰ڹŽŲԪʵԹնѡ
ңܹҵ壬ԭΪߣȴҲǲаԳм̣һֻܴͷ
һУҶЦȻȫ׵ģҸ֪ڵԼԪȫΪǹŽλܽһȥʱ֮ڣʮʮģҶЦҲγʲôвҪʱ̾豻ҶЦҵΪʱһӵйŽʶͨˣɱһ㶼ѵġ
мڴˣҶЦҲͲٰĴڷϣֻǵĿǰĹŽԪꡣ
ŽԪѵҶЦȻ˵
ΪʲôŽԪڿƮȴûмȥ
ֻǺܰ˼ĿҶЦΪʲôҪɱңѾˣԸ㣬ΪṩԴĳΪ壬ͳߣҵ֧֣õЩǻһʱѣǣȴԼԼĻԵ


125 Ϊ
ҶЦЦЦǺǣҪɱ㻹治ΪʲôرɡŽ壬ΪԪ̬עǻزȥˣֻѡ֮ڣһոʱʬ壬㹻˵Ļ㻹ǻʧƬ֮䡣
ʵǱҵˣҲδʺ̤;
ҶЦЦţȻǿԼ뿪ѰټҲ֪㲻ãǣһдֶθ㶨ģžһҾͻȥŹٸֲң˻ģҾͻȥֱȷ군֮Ϊ֮ʱ㣬ҶԣֻһֻϣһָͷǺǡ
۾ŹŽ˵עǻ˵ģ
ŽУΪʲôΪʲôתԪҲңֻ֪ΪʲôҪңʲôһҪɱңȫûɱҵɣҶֻкôûлΪʲôСΪ˭ȻٸΪã
ȻڹŽȵ۾ǰķ֮ڻı䣬Ť
Ƭ̣һӢ깫ӣô˼سڹŽǰҶЦ򱱽Ĺӣ򱱽Ψһĺˡ˵ûٸأ
ŽԪϳһı飺ӣ
ǽӣһرȫģ
һ̣Ž
ҶЦЦЦҵ֣ҶЦ֪֣ûиоеϤأ
Ž϶ʱ¶𾪵˼ı飬Ԫһε涼ŤýһҪеҶЦҶЦ㾹ȻҶЦ
ҶЦƫƫͷ΢ЦôҶЦ֣ƺӡ
Ž¶ɶƵĿ־壬ƺһԶŶħ֣㡭
˿̵ƺѾ³ʲôŵԪҲҪɢˡ
ҶЦ֣ǹŽеʣ
ÿҪľһ
ֻҪһ֣ͻЦսŵ龳
Цһˣ˶ɱʬɽѪ޹⣡
֮УıԼ㣬ԼΪΪǿĸ֣һЦڷĲҺŽ飡
ͳоӢչ·׷ɱ
ɱЦݣ
;ŵӵѪ·ŵŵǵʬ壬һ·̹ȥġ
һֱǽħɱҷ𣬻ɢ
һսȴ񶼴
ÿһأ£ҹλأܡ
֮λǱ޵̫ϳϣҲһĺڣΪûгսشʧʹʵֱ½ǧ겻ֹ
ʱգ˿̴˵أȻµ֣
ҶЦ
ŶҶЦݣŽԪƺֿ˵Ǹ޷ЦڶԼЦ
ϴμǸЦݣȴԼЦƣߣ͵ϮһشЦʱ
ʱҶЦѾǽ;ƿݣԼ齣ˣȴЦţ˵Žһ죬֪ʲôЦЦ
仰һޱʣʱ̲Լͷ֮ȥ
ֱȷҶЦˣԼڻع
һˣǰεǿᣬԾֻһˣҺΣ
ֻû뵽Լһ֮־֡
ǲǡ㡭ǲǡŽԪţ״ĿҶЦ
ʲôңҶЦ˵ô˵һ֪ʲôЦЦ
仰һ˵ŽʱһҽУһ
ŽһĴУ㣡Ȼ㣡Ȼû㾹Ȼû
ҶЦٺЦǶû⣬ôһ
ŽҽţԪŶ⼱ȥ
Ų·Ӵܣ
˿֪ˣľһ콾Цһ˿Ķ־ҲȻ޴ˡ
ڣסǵһҪ
־֮£ˣڵҶЦͲ߱ԼԪ
ҶЦŹŽǱӴܣûгֹ
֪ԼڲûлԪΨеȵŽµõ壬֮ɱһΣܽ
Ȼʱ򡭡
ŽӴܵԪͻȻٷһУ
Ǿг˾֮⡣
ΪɽʱͻȻһǿϮ
˵ʵҶЦ˿ҲΪ֮𾪣
ǹŽУΪ
Լ֮ǰŽǿŵԭմѪģȻ˿̣ȻָֻһȾ״̬買⡭
ţǡĳھȻڿƮţ
Ưţ
ƯڷâͬʱҲڷһǿ
֮ǰڤвͬҶЦȻȫȻЧڹŽԪ꣬ȴǾ߱ͼӰĪЧ
ŽԪţֻŵļţǱһĳȫ޵ֿء
һֱˣǿŵǰ
ɫֵͻȻһɵĹâԽŽԪС
һ̣ŽԪ¶޿־飬еҡҡҡˣˡȾңԸӴԺһ˵ūšҾҡ
ԸŲħġˡ
ŽԪƴİţţ̬¶
ϧ˿̵ҶЦͲ֪׷ʲô¡
֪ʼĩҲǾԲչŽġūšֻޱȵԿš
ɵİ׹֮£ŽԪ꿪ʼڻ
壬֫١
еһУͳͳڻڰ֮С
ģŽİԽԽͣڳû
УֻʣһŻɵţشڿС
ӦǹŽԪ꣬תΪʶһҶЦһ
ֵĵȻϬԵ׺ݾ
ֹһᣬǿŵòֻζһ£ͻȻһ𣬹ŽԪתγɵٴ㺣һӽŵΧ£ŵ
Ƭ̣ЩϤʧӰ٣
һԪֵĻǣȻôһŵڻˡ
Ӱ٣޺޼
ҶЦֻñķ䣬
ֻתۼ䣬ŽѾʧϣ
꣬ҲӰ٣
νٲǣˣ
ǿŵνصϣأҡҡλΣϵĹâȴҲڰʧΨµͼƣȴȻӡ˺ܶࡣ
ҶЦĿɿڴĿŵǰ۾ţ૵㡭һʲô
벻ͨˣԪ˶ûɵŽȻһŵˡұһŵ궼ڻˣˡ


126 淢ˣ
ĳȻϬĿǰԾֻһŵȻûܻشҶЦ⡣
ֻһŵѣǱʲôΪʲôôӲ
һŵѣȻոԪꣿ⵽Ϊʲô
㾿ʲôĵ
ҶЦ˼⣡
Ǵ˵֮еҲûɣ
ŵҶЦУϹâƺڳЦɵ񣬶һŵ
Ȼ⡭ĪԴ¿ˣ
κδ𸴶УԣҶЦջǽŵջ޾ռ֮УȻûǣڤҲһ˽ȥ
ҶЦʼǰһ⡣
ҶЦô̬׼ŪӣֻǴʲôϾ
⣬ڲ֮ǰŽڣȴʲôˣ
Ƭ֮ҶЦһѪ֮ҳһöӵĽָһ£漴ս˿ռ䡣
Žʶʼٻ
ŽѾˣʶȻҲɢڽָĽƣҶЦ˵ֱЦһ㡣
ЦʮַƳƣ򿪽ָ
Ȼɵ쵰ôҲҪһսƷҶЦЩСܡ
ŽĿأӦòٰɡ
ӦҵһӴ֮ƣڳõһʱΨһܹõϽԴ
ҶЦ૵ԺԴͲøˡǵ򡣡
֮ҶЦӿռȡһöӵĿռָǹŽġڣѾҶˡ
Ȼǳ֮ĿռָɾǴɡҶЦһ䡣ǳ֮ĲʣռõġҶЦǰĴָǳ֮Ĳʡ
ָϣһѽָΧ˼СӣΪ
仰ҶЦʱƲƲ죬૵ΪҾͱɹ
һĨָϽƶʱûУһҶЦʱһʣ
Բۣ
ҶЦ벻ŽҾȻô񡣾ȻԼҲо𾪡
ǰЦȻ䣬ȴǱ׼⵰һ㵽Ͼ͸ϽȲˡʲô棿
ڣŽĽָ棬ȻСɽһʣ
ҶЦ˷ܵʹȥЩӸýʡʱ䰡
ңŽĶǷű࣬ڵ룬ȻһǸϸµˡ
һǽмҵԼˡҲǡˣܷﶼĵġҲֻԼϣŷŵģҶЦٺһЦȴǱҡ
ҶЦʼ۷Źļ顣
ɫƷ񣬺ôһѣʮ򣻴ɫƷһѣ򣻶ɫƷҲǧ顣
ҶЦģȻƴСɫ񡣷ҪλáҶЦǰûм
ѵǴ˵֮еļƷ񣿡
ҶЦУʱоһŨľԼһ˲䣬İΧ£Ȼܴ
ɼŨʲôز
ҶЦ־ϲǼƷŨ
ҶЦһ漴ռڱĵط
ֻ棬ҩÿһ궼Ǹ߼ƷʣţƵǡЩҩȻǰյеģһϵģһȻһһ
̫ϸˣŽȷֵñһ£ҶЦ죬ȻָֽڻһЩĶţϡҩ֡ͼףؼ
ͳͳԵļһ飬ҶЦֵúϲ£죺
ˣķˣ
ңָ棬ȻŲٵĿռ䣬ǹŽɱԽ֮󣬽ЩΪС
ЩҶЦʱһϲЩ棬ȻŽԣȴӦþԲ٣ܹӵпռģһлɫҹŽ֮ķԼռģôܲû
ҶЦϲ
Ƿеûˡ
漴һ飬ɰյԼͷǸɵӡ
ѽָԼǰɱûռԷĿռ䣬ֱӽɱҲȥ
ôǰͼأҶЦ֮ҲӦôɵ
ȴˣǰԼһͷٷ֮ʮʱ䶼ڱ׷ɱɱˣȴʱȥȡռָء
ҲȫȻûУĿռ䡭ҶЦǾյĺİã˿ﻹ꣬Щϲɵˡ
ӽǰָһ㣬֪ҪƣҶЦĻŭŵֹһ䣬
ֻĳҪ뿪ʱ򣬲ŷ֣ڵɽѾر⣡
ԼڵĵطҪȥĻȻнɺļ·
ҶЦ˵ȴΣ֮Ƭ̣Ѿڱ߳˶ڣȥ˹⻬ı֮ϡ
Ŀȥɵһ̫̾ˣ
£һɽȻǰͬһŵľ޴ʯɢɫ貵Ĺâ
£Ȼһʺ磬գ
ʱһ紵ҶЦǷ׷ɣžΥ¿һʱ䣬лһ㣡Ըով飬ȻҲЩţ
ԼڵԪʱնɱһ޷սʤǿУ
ԪƷĹŽ
һʷǰ׳٣
ҲһȻ˵Ҳ˻ŵ漣
ܵʲôֶʲôʲôʽǣһСԪʦҲ֮ĵԪ֣վҶЦ
ҶЦնɱģһǿ֣
һǰĵˣ
ҶЦǿפ壬̾ǰޱʤʱȴ֪ǳǷԲǧǣѾ
Ϊǳڲ֮ǰðһǧ澰
بδеۣ
ھ뾩ĵطļǲẹ䤱ʱ򣬾ȻĪĳһɽ
ǰ಻ʱĹ⾰һΡɽֳ徣
ǧ
ߵĸ䣬ɫʹް쵡
ǣƺһƬϼ֮С
ҶЦڱɽ溹䤱ͷɡĳʱʵѾһ䶯ǣ
Ϊʵ̫ˣڱβˣ
ʢƺʢģԭȵ¶һӽ
˵ֱӵĸйٸоǲġ˶仯ʾƣ׷ʲô顣
µԽԽͣȻһʱ˾еǳģʱƣⲻ٣еЩ䲻ˣ
ǡ˲䣬¶Ⱦ½üȣ˸ܲˡ
·ݣȷ¶ȣ˶òע⡣
˲²ۣѲɱĪԩ콵ѩ·˪٣λ㷴
ܿ죬ԩ顢·˪Ĳ²ⱻƷˣΪ콵ɽ
ϢȻ˲ʱǣѸɢԲǧؽ磬ܲܣ
ֻһ֪ţţ
ȵҶЦ˹ŽʱѾ֡N߸Ϲ


127 بۣ
Ͼبδе漣˭뿴
콵󣬻߱챦絽һлռȻͬͬ˸
ʹУҲдࣺ£ڴ֮ʣ֮ٱɽӰ᲻ܣεΪ׳ۣ콵𣬻ҳʵ۹ɽǧ̡Ϊ
ȺڿһʣһƬͣ蹦̵֮
ǧһۣϲν
䣡
Ӣ
¡ǧأһͳɽ
ʵ۱ԭԴҲǾ֣Ⱥڿһʡ콵һ˵Щ˷ܣּʾҪٱɽۿһ֮ν
ǻʹеһƬæµļ
ҪȻǰ˷붯
ڽһβ̵ʱظ蹦̵µҲѻһ
һʱ䣬ƨεأ콵𰡣ôĺڡ
ҶЦҲû뵽ԼΪǿµһ壬Ȼóʵ۹һ漣
һɽ
ңɽȵ˺ֵزûаڻļ
Ӵ֮بŴڡ
Ϊ½һòľۣ
ɽڤΪֿܶ״̬ɢݳļ֮뱾ɽΪһɣɼ֮ĺλףѾ½֮£㲻ܺ½Ȼ¶ʱӰ죬¶γһֺ㶨״̬ʢ¶ˣ¡¶Ҳˡ
ңԴڤļ֮֮ȴûб߼ʵɢΪĿѾʧˡ㹻ⳡıȻΪ½һƽ٣
ȻˣǼ֮ĻɢݣγֺҶЦȻֽڤ֮Ȼ½Ӧļޣ񹦵ҶЦȴһ£ҶЦԼΪ壬񱩵ļ֮ѶӦ֮ġ
˴ڤմܣɢݳĺ֮ȻӴ֮ҶЦԻֻ֮Ҫ㹻ģ֮Ժ㣬ҲͲˣ
ҶЦûдô
ƾѾסƾʧһץУǲ롣

ҶЦпǰʤ֮࣬ظο۲ˣɽߵһ룬Ϳ˷һȺѶ
ҵ죬ôôˡҶЦһ
òвһôȥɽŰӿɲС
Ǻֻؼȡ·߸ɴ൱ع
һЩȻǳ˴ʱȥ궬ѹĻʲôƤʲôް޿֮࡭ȫᵽ˰·϶ۡһʱ侹Ȼѹһգ
ҶЦⳡĿɿڴ
Լòƻǵ͹˵
㣬ԴڤʼͷźһֱԼնɱ˹ŽȻϢһ󣬻ָԪҲʱʱɣ
ôʱ䣬ȻѾĺ䶯
ͷ˿ɽɽòƾѩ
Լһĺ·ò̫Щˣ
²˳٣ΪҶ뵽ɴһƨ˱ϣȻһ졭

ȻôŻһ㣬Ѹ׵Ļȥ
˸оƨɱߵе֮⣬Ҳûɶĸо
Щģ˿Ѿߵɽµˣȴͬ´½һĴУۣɽˣ
ҶЦһѾۼ⣡
ûκΣٻһ¡
ȴ˴󺰣ۣ˺ȻſŻˡղŻģƨϵ·ĥˡſţ¶ƨˣð׺ۺ̵ƨɰ
ԲۣҶЦһͷߣһ쵰òƲһĺã
˵ô׳۵ıɽ˵Ͷһ˸ʲô
˵ˡƨ¶¶ɣôô
ҶЦֹ
үǵ滹һҲ治һҰסû֪˭ˣ㻹ƾƨϳ˭˭˭ôٺҲʹ
ҶܲˣӲͦ¶СΣˢˢ»
ۿҪɽףͻȻһűĸɿɾôôҶȼ䡭
ƫƫ泯ɽҶЦȫزȻȥ
Ǻ
ۣ
ҶЦĿһμܵĽӴݺײ
ž
ɺܸɴĶˡ
໡ӴιҵĵܵܡҶһȴҲʱŤˣһʹĸо𡭡ȴڳ»
۵һײһôϣûϣ˱˻ص˺ü²ŷɽȡ
ĳ˾ôӣŤӣϺһֻССܵܡǱ״֮زز
һһ˻˻
ҿײãôĴʵ
˷˳ҶЦôϱ¶Ŀ
Ǳ˿ĳʵĿЦ°뱲ӾͲáЦˣֻˡЦ㹻ˣ
мڴˣĳɱ·ϾȻ˳һӡ
ţȻȷʵ˵ǡơʹ÷ѴҲǿ˵ùȥ
ĳӵڸ˽ۣ˴첱Ӵ֡
˵Ҳ̫˰ɣĪ˵Ǵ죬һҲֵӣȻҪʮ㻹ûеģڿأ
ߣĸԸͯۡǶ죬죻۸񣬾˵ģڿأ۸񹫵˵˲㣬үŪ⻷¶ȣ˵һУ˳⣬˳ɶ˼
㡭̫޳ܡҲ޳һ㡭
·ֻһͨˣޣڲŸޣﶷùսĳˣ
·ûҲҵڣȴֻоһ󼲷ιžһǸ˵ѾصһǶ⣬ֻתȦǱڵϡ
еǼȻ֪ȥ
ԶԶһ˶ɽɲΪ㷢ƵģٸҺ׿ͣұҪС
ȻòԶԶȴúܡ
ȴӰһײβ
ĳ˿Ǳ״©Ĳ©Ľȫ©ˣ˿̼Ҷ壬ĳ˲òʵбˣһƣίʵĳ۵Сʹ룬ľСʹ룬ҶЦ˼ʵΪڹŽϣĳҶЦкγϣǵɱ֣һƣͽ֮ԽѣԹϿˡ
˶Դ˱ŵû˰ΣŹȥݺݿͷС֪ˣС֪ˡүˡﰡ

ĳٿŵʱ򣬼۸ѾָĹ۸񣬶մһҹ֡
ȴҲΪ罫һգ̼ҵԽԽ󣬲۲ǧԴ֮ǽšַھĵһҪء
оǣĳˣϾ֮ʱ߶˵ңүͣү͵ǵͷһƣȻس̣



128 ҹ
ҶЦһܲӣһ·ߵǳŵʱ˹ԼϵѪζѪȫɾˣڿԳһڴˡ
ԶԶͿŴݺݺ࣬֬ζԶԶ˱ǶһɺŮųˣҲǰȥι۱ɽģòƻȥ۹Ρ
ֻŻȻСҹµһɽ齨󳼵ĹŮлҹŹ㣬вƷ֮ŮûݵĹ㣬СұʲôģΣ
ҶЦ֮Ыææضһߡ
ǱѾͷץסԼǵͬȥαɽĻôԼɾǵù͸ˡոմӱȥһΣ
вв
ôǵľһһΣѾ̫ˣ
ǻݺݺĽӻλƮȻȻγ˳һ󴮵ݣи񣬿·˵ƺÿһɫåͽһ㡭
ҶЦԼڸеضȺ֮ŮƺƵعȥˣԼԼľһˡ
ŶУҶүòһϤһˣҶүһ˵ģǸȻȷѾͷҹ£մС㣡
ҹһ򰮴ֵѾͷôû֧أ
ⲻӦðɣ
ҶЦȷϣֻ滹ûлĽӣ
ҶЦо֡
˵飬ҹ²˵һܵɽȥֻ֣ҪҲӦøЩһǰǡ
Լղ֮Ǳ״Ͻһ൱Ҫԭ򣬾ǡҹ»ϳԼֻҪײţԼǷ֮ӡ
һѾͷԼϤ̶ȣԼֺģ˵ɶʱԼעͱϳˣս֮ԼĽƣЩ𶯣ʵûʲôյ˵
ûгôأ
ˣһƤӡ
ҶЦղŻݷ𣬱ԼǧײСѾͷ߱СѾͷͣһ㣬֣Ǵ˿̷СѾͷû֣ҶЦ
оԼƺʲô飿
ҶЦתһ֮ʣͻȻɫһ䣬૵ˣ
ƶٶٶȼӿ죬һĳȥ
ΪȻµСѾͷûȥֵԭΪ־ǻӣ죬չǼ磬ǳ֮ǰĽ磬ٱ֮ǰһžۣ
ҹ¾ܳڹҲעܳȻҪڼŸס
˿̣ƻ轫գҹĻٶȾٴء

˿̵մͬĿǲʵơ
ƽȫ򿪵ȿţ˿ȫſ
࣬һ˳ǹһ󿳵
ڼȻ˵ǹţ
Ӵſʼһ·߽ȥֻų·ֱãÿһ󿳵ĵУ߳
ѩɼˣ
ڻӯĵƹɭɭ
ÿһӴǰ߹ĽʿĿԼӣ
ĿӰһǵصɱô
ǵСˣҲҪⳢԣֻǴǰżȻųһ
ʸ߹߹ȥˣһװľˣ
ŮһҲûаǰԺ켯ż٣תԺϢķŻرϢգ
Ӵģһ뺷Ľýİսʿ
ʿһѸٵȥĿȻӭӱ͵Աͬ
ǡڴɳĮ֮мõأӥڼ͵ѰԼ
ʱ˿̣ǵϣȻһɽĿζ
ǵУȻһѪĺ飡
ΪǼ
Ӽ𣬻ս죬ͽƮڷĵط
жѪҲʺϳжѪϣ
жҲͬޱȵ꼻ֻһ˲䣻һ֮УֻҪһ̵ţѾԹ޻ڣ
ĺŽڴ˿ͻأ
ǾսŻõĺŽǣ˿̣ȴڱ˴˻Ӧ
һŽδԶеڶ֮ͬɣͬɴݡ
ȥ˷ŽǸ춯ųڳ˷ȥ
ǰĴϣԽҹȫϣ
ԲʮеĽֵȫ壡
ۼһʿ˿ǹʣÿһֵΡȻ
ǰͷӿӿ֮һƬ˸ʿڸ
żĽŲЩ΢Ĵ֮⣬Ȼûһ˷һ춯
һ̾Ϣһԣ
ѵһһصţ
⣬һϵĴҲһƬƼž֮УƵӪ֮Уеıʿڶ״̬
ÿˣñֱǹֱ߷ţ
ʮһţ
磬˱ǣ
Ǿٻʿûһκһ㶯
龰ͺǼʮĵ񣬾Ĭվ
Ž˷ﲻ
һЩʿϻЩ۵ζһΣӦǵһսһʼ۵ż˷ܻЩĿ־壻ص𽥵γɣѹزʱ򡭡
Щ±У˷ܻǿ־岻ȥ˶ֳׯϵĿȣѪһƬྲ֮Уڣ
첻ڷ绨ѩ£
첻Ůˣ
ֻˣֻڳʵ۹ľˣ
죬עһ˵Ŀ񻶣
׵ĽʿĴȫǸһ
ֵеĵƻһ̣ͬһʱ
Ĵſڣʮˣһλΰڿ粽뻮һʮˣٲһһ㣡
Щӭ֮ˣ
ȴֲѰӭ֮ˣǻս֮еİ˷
ÿԱ˿ڴˣ
棡
ĽŲˢˢֻδˣϵƣѾȫ
Ǳˡ
ǲһͦͦء
о˵ߣͬʱ˹ȥ
һ̣
һ죬һʹӽֽǴӭ˳ҷ裡һӾĽͳһĲ
һ߾ųߣ߾پ죬̤׳
򱱴󽫾Ҷ£ؾǣ˫˫һʨҶҶ󽫾򱱾ʮֵܣףػϽһӣɨǧɹտ
һˣͬף֮ʣȻ˵ֽɨǧƣ
ͬʱ仰
ʮʿȴĬΨ쳣רעؾ壡
ϣ
һ̣ʮͳһε⣬ȴֻóһʵ
˫˫һʨҶʮ󽫾֮壡
Ҷʮλ󽫣ÿֻһΣˣ´ˣɹ
˿̣ݵͬʱ˵أףػ
Щ٣ȴɨǧһ㣬


129 
ǰ
ӭʮͬʱһлҶ󽫾л򱱾ֵܣλֵܣ룡
򱱾λ̤ߵʮλǰ˫ȭͷǰ֮˵ȭͷһ˴ϣȫޱ顣
漴룬վʮ˺棬Уγɹͬӭ̬ƣ
ںеʮλʿ⡰ˢһųУȥ˻ӭʿߡ
Ǻӭ飬ֶʮˣ

Щ˲Ÿով룬ƺԼһ㡪
棬ĽŲ
ͬһӾˣŴ죬̤룡
¡

ţŲ
󽫾¡

Ψûˡ
Ϊ󽫾󽫾Լ´˿ϽԡѪս
Щˣÿһǰսʿ
ƽھ֮УûκܹǵӰ
ںƽľǣƺ֮£ЩѪĽʿѾ
֮УȻսԺյʿھǵ֪ȣһԺͷƺ
һֱĬĬŵķšţȴš
ڳսͻȻ֡ͻȻͻȻٵʱƺ콵ô˷ۼ
ѪѪжķڡɣԾһţ
ϵı뺷ֻŵţ
ȻҲҪҧһѪԣԣǴδչֹ
ҲֻڣΨд˿̣ڼܿǵɡ
ȻƽʱڽϿֻǱ۸ЦĶ󣡵ֻĬĬţһֱܵڣһչ£
ʱƺ˶Ѿ룡
˽ҪʱȫףԱӦȫһ˵һ˵ϴ󽫾£ǰףػһսɣ̿
һ֮ڣ
ȴѾþе
ǹ˻ߣ˺оͬʱи𣬸ͬܣ
ѭȥ
ֻһСӰףְ̤
࣬һ˿
ͨ죬֮УȴҲһּȼյĿȸо
нͬʱ۾עˣ漴жǲɶƵĸֳһ˿ͣ
ǴҾ󲻵һˣԾû뵽˻˵أ
ǳʵ۹ʵ۳ٴ˵أ˵Ҫͬһδ˵ø𺳣
ΪڴˣѾԵֻһ競ѣ
˭
ˣ
ϴ󽫾Ķӣ
ϴ󽫾֮£ӾϽһϵֹһǰ
ȻֻһǰǣݣȴֲһС
ʱ˿̣˾Եǹֺ޾ɫжЩѪһ˲䣬ͽٵĶͨͨ
û뵽˻ۼܵΪʵ˴˿ĵ׾һ仰
Ȯӣ
˷·ʶˣϴ󽫾ϵΨһѪ
ã
ϴ󽫾ȻжӣȻ֣
ĿֺĽͬʱһ
˴ŭȵ˵ĶƨӾ֣
һֺĴЦ˿Ϊļͬʱȵֻһûûͷ˵ĹȻƨ׼Ⱦƣ
˺޾ɫͦأ̤߽
бʷȴǺõ⣬ǷЩҲҪ֮ȥ
ֵܹӭӵˣֻЩˣЩս
Ժֻмλӣٹ٣ʹЩˣȴǲվӭӵģ
Ȼʱ
һӰɶ򱱴󽫾һ˵أԸҾ˲¡ɣ
תͷȥ
ֻһ꣬һѩ׵ĳۣһɫһ
ĿӢ溬ȻЦ⣬ֹ
򱱴󽫾Ҷ֮ӣ
ҶЦ
ҶЦڻˡױȵٶȣصһ·Ȼͣĸϵ
ڰ·ϣѾеЩѪڡ
һʿҶЦҲǸоˣʲôãʲôˣʲôҹ
˵ǵһ⣬ôǰҶЦǵڶ⣬ͬ˸ղ˻һͬҶЦȻҲ
ν٣竰ܼңòƣʢ֮
ֻǣڽȻ֮ɫȴͣӡ
򱱾У˫˫һʨλȴȻرĿĹʣ
Ǵ󽫾Ķӣ
ȻҲˣ
ֻǣΨһевǣλҶЦӣȻӢˬһд⣬ĸоͷɫķڣȴò΢Щôһ㣬ôһ覴á
вĸоûˡ
ΪҶЦԴ̤֮һȻֻһֻǰȴǲϣлһˣȴֳһǧȻѹȸУ
ھ˵Ķб뺷ԼǷݰƣ޵еšһһںϣ
൶УȴӲ߳һߵǻµİԾ磡
ã
ȻЩǰûм˿ֻǿλү⼸·ĿѿںȲʣ
򱱾λٲ
һ˲䣬ֻоۿҲЩɬͷЩᡣ
һο
Ѫǣһ̣ǷݶӨȻ
֮ǰֻ˵󽫾Ķ竣β
Ҷһ̾ϢȮӣ˼亶¡
˿̿ԾȫǼٵģ
ֻˣܿöˣ
ֻӺ֪ʲôӺ
ĹӣɳƵˡ֣
ȻڻЩۡ
ȴѾͷ̤صĵ
ΪֻǸղ·ʣ顭㹻ЩѪ˿ó
ҶЦԲһ˰
󽫾ĶӣȻǴ󽫾Ķӣ
ûи󽫾
ûи򱱾
λͬʱȭ񣺡ٽ
ҶЦһλˡ
λվͱһеõ
󽫾Ķӣڶˣڳˡ
һˡ
뻪
Ȼеıʿȫ뻪ȻСȴҲûһ˵ĵط
һʿ£ҶЦȺ󵽵ʮˣѾȴʮλͳһ
ף˵ȣ
ţڣһеķָ
ҲǹǣҲ㹻ԡ
ʵ۹ôֵģҲͽֻлһѣ
ʱ̫ӣӣӣٹ١ﲻฮǰģ޼ɡҪҶЦһȴҲ
˿Ҳӣ
ة๫Σûɽ
ǾٵһˣȴǾãǾûʸ룡
ȥһλĿԲھҪ޼ɱһ


130 ƣֵܺһ
޼ɱ죬ļβ˳ȥ

ͬʱҲǲҲ
֪Щ˶ǼҪսˣԼҪٶһᣬİԼһٴɲмҲϡƽӲøε顣
ƽǿܻںԼฮӵݣԸôһְӣ˿ȴǳڼԼУѾһƨƨ磡
ɱߣ˿ʲôںģ

һƳĺŽȻ쳹Ƴϵҹգ
춯һͬʱֹ
һ̣˷ǧŽͬʱ
Ƶսģ֮˵
ļ࣬췭ظǰף
Ȼ󣬻ǶصģҹУŷ˷
ҹֵǣƣ
оӪѻȸ
нʿɫȻӿһɼĳ졣
ƣжľƣжǰһڣ
ƣľƣһڣ
ƣԹľƣսɱûг𣡡
ƣиľƣֵҼҿͷ
ƣĸľƣ˫׸Ī
ƣӵľƣϿ׿֣
ƣ˵ľƣɱĪ֣
ƣҹľƣҼҹѪ
ƣжľƣʿһڣ
Ҹ߿ҹգ
յǣƺҲΪ֮ɪɪ
ʮʿÿһ˶Ǳֱţ
ÿһ˵Уڱ˹ʣ
ÿ˵Уڻص⼸֣
ƣ
⣬ǳƣ
ƣ
ͻȻٷһ
һ֮󣬼žҹУͻȻʮʿͬź
ʤľƣ
ʮжͬʱԼܷĸ֣
һ̣ɾ۽˶أ
˿̵ҶЦֻоһƺһɱĶԼıϻ˶Ѫڣѣ
׳ۣ
ˣ
Ǿˣ
ս
ٴ𣺡աȡꡫƣ
ͷ
һ˻ߣ
տʱն쳤Х
ٱʹ칦ƣ
ʮʿͬʱȣ
ã
һǣٱͬһڣսѪͬ
⣬ڳ⣬ͬʱٱͷཹུڹƣ
ÿһ˵ɫǺͨͨģ
ÿһ˵ѪҺҲȼգڡ˷ܣ
Ҹˣأһ
˸ˣʮͬʱС
Һȸʹ죡Ц
漴ͻȻһХжȳƣնɳӦЦһڣ

Ӫ
գǳһȻȼɲǼ䣬ͻȻ䱬ըˣ
ǣȣ

ֵܺƣƮ¡Ž
˵Ŀ뿴ȥУ𾴣һֿȣƺǿսͻȻݰ˼䣡
ҶЦҲȻ𾴣
Ȼһ¡
ܹ֮Ϊ۹񣬵ȷǰ׸
ֻݺѾھ£Ⱥף
ֻһƣûʽĳʽѾʮ۳һ壡
Ϊһ֧ɨµĺƵ
Ⱥۺθҵ
ֻڹģ£ûмܹõ
ҶЦѾȫ󵽣ʮҲ̼ȼյͽսʱôĳ
ֱӾһɱɣ
Ľ
ľӣ
ôܻ̣
Ŀ֮£ߵϯǰӲĿ⣬λһһɨ
λֵܣ͵ؾƱ
ү
˧
ͬʱˢһվһ·˳磬ɹ
лλֵܣλֵܼԣγһ˳ɹ֮УնɱƬײһ
ү䣡С
˼ķҲ
Цϯ£֮󣬲Ƭ̼䣬͵ء
һһͻȻը
ȣ
Ӻȣ
飡
£
˭˭˵

УͬȼըҩͰһ㡣
һӵȼյİ׳һ
жĺҲһ̣չ֣
ϱƦߺòֻһյĹ⾰ˤĿվ̳ӾѾʮˣϵĲ˶ûÿ˾ƶѾȥ
Сģ˿Ѿʼɣ͵͵Ŀʼ˹
ģžȥУ໵ĺ
ղŷһ£Գ֣֮ǵȻ޴档
˴һھϣﻹںʲô𱰣ʿ䣿
˵ˣҶ֪Ͻս½սӣܹϴ󽫾ҲסĵˣͬСɣǾ֮еľУ
һȥǵɽ𺣣һȥǾһ
˴γ˭Ҳұ֤ܹŻڳ˽ٻڣ
Ȼˣܲľףһݣ
Ȼϲ˵ȴ׼˴֮ǲƴعǲǹ£
ÿ˶Ǳͬ˼ȻңһȥزˣҪѾƺȹȶʹ죬ȵΪֹ
ˣҲҪٽźȣ
֮ˣ칦ȻٲˣҪǻزôֵһپƵźУ
˴֮ߺν֮ĶֱǽһӵĲгֻгкܴͬǣ˼磬洦ɼ
ѾĹôģ㣬ϴ˵ǰӼˣӲƽˣ
ƽϸëߣզ˵㻹϶һţӱŵܵڴ˰£ػѣģӴ˴ѾļƽϺòã
ߣ˶Ȼ͵ӵĽȥˣǮʽ֪ͨ㲻ҪˣҲ¶ˣˣǴӮ˻ˡ
˵˵ɶʱ͵ˣǴֻ񣬺´֣ƫƫõ񣬴ҵģҲˣǷӵġ
ޣŲǵ˵ȻУ⣬Ȼõģ˵ôƾշˣӻ
ղŶ˵˲ƽˣӶڲ֡ҲˡûӰˡ
ϴɵƣӽǵһ٣¡
£ôѾҲӡˣǰЩȥˣûУ
̷ʮһôϴΪӵȷ٣ȻºְӴڴϣɺ޵ǾȻô˴ԼһһΣҿôӵġҪȺŹȺŹҪӴȺŹѾһ
ߣǵеģʲôûɫܼëյӣҲβòʵĵˡһΣֱӰ죬㻹ӲĻģ
үģ
үѵģ
Ѿб¾ͺȾƣӽſºΪֹ
ԣ㣿˭˭£


131 ʵ۱
ǰĽǴ˿̷׷׳ӣӣ첱Ӵֵغţţ
ˣﻹʲôòһ־˴˵ʮ˴ӽǵ˴ùˣһܵ⣬Ǵ˭˭ˣ̳һһӣཹ͹࣡
Ȼһ¾̳Ӵ𣺡ˬ
ˬë
һ޵һֵĶʼȻˬһѣ㹻࣬ҲˬһѵĶ֡
ҳ˱տڲ֮⣬Ϻϵ£նԹ𣬹½롢£̸˵أ˽죬˭˭˽˽顢˽˽˾𡭡̸̸̸
кܶϾĶֵֽĽ£Էϸϸܡ
һͷһ
˴˶ףҿɶ׵ģ
Ĳд©֣Ҳ㣡
ҵľҪסҵĽѵҪ裡
ˣ֮ܽ£ȴ̸Ц֮䣬ԼһĶȫ̶˳ȥĿһࡣ
ԼֵܹĽԷػˡ
Ҹ˵һȥ϶Ժڻǻ쵰ɸƵģǧҪšˢӣַӾ㣡
ƨ˵ô£ʲôʵĵط
ߣǸԺڻ
ԭˣѹŪСӿ޵ģӼסˣӿ϶ӲСӸɵҲ޶ûطȥ
УҾ͵ſΪǵļһ׵ػߣϾ֪Ϭˡ
̸ץΪأ
ݡѾĸҡԺڻһŪ㡣
ҪŪԺڻأ
ҪŪԺڻҽүү
ãһΪСӵţԺڻԴСӼүүԣӦӰԺڻǼһ˻׽ѾǰŪѾĲķڷ
ʹɣţ㴵ˣ˰϶ģ
ƨʹһΪɱץүү
һΪ
׷
үүһ˼ʮĺþ㣡
һΪ۹׬ˡ

򱱾վ˧Ļһ
֪ɶʱҶЦҶӾȻվĳϣһƬͨ죬Ȼ룬ҡҡλΣ۴
ã򱱾ʿ͵վ˳˭
һĽʱ໽УԲۣǴӪȻ򱱾а壡ǲ̳ϣɵǣǣǣ
ء
һߣ˴Уһ˵ǡһ仰δ˵꣬ѾδȦȦΧסһץסֻ֣һס򣬾ȻһͣȻཾ̳Ӿƹȥ
˼ʱһתòƻ˻ΣȻһӵס
Ȼ̫ƣ˼ҶЦô˵ҲаֵģԼɾϸһƵ£ȻҪл˹෭ǲйˡ
ëͷСӣƿС֪ߵغ񣬾ȻҪһȺһȣǲôˡ¸¸¡ϱƦһӵµ˵ĴЦ
ĹЦòƾûֹͣȺоž̳صصĸɡ
ͻȻһѽҶЦ쾾סҶЦԭվţӾüҪſֻžСӣҿɸˣ뿪ʱ䣬ҹŮÿඣҪҹŮһίӲŲʲôҶҶ죬̫࣡
һɽ໵壺໡ذҪŮ۹
ҶЦһΣֻͣͷİɡ
ߣɿҶЦͻȻ͵ؽ̳Ӷϣһྲл˵
һֵ˲ʱ侲ҼȻ
˶תۣλ۹
һܲ˵ģǸЩ쵰ûµľ۸ǣҪռǽɽһ£Ӿʾǿ޵ģ
ӻһܲ˵ģǰԡѪսĽʿҾڼȴᱻ۸ˣ
ӵֵһǰԡѪսѪȾʬӢۣжúӢۺӵļҾ죬˭۸šԴһ仰ڴ˴γڼ䣬ʿļҾ˵۸ˣӾĲ
Ͻزˣһӻˣ쵰һʰǰսʿѪᣬӾѪ᲻ͣûΪֹ
۾رƫӲŲ˭ҹݡԹһǿԸ˭˭˭ӣ۸ҳʿļҾģһɵɱ⣡壡ڴ˶ģ
һѪݵȻζͻȻҰ
˶ף仰ǿЦ˵˵ġ
ү䣡
ڽһȣ
ȻʱһЦôءҲ߶һţմ磬⻰˵Ŀ߯ˣ塭⻰Ӧ˵ģ
춯ſ߽һɫ۵ˣ󣬸һεļʿ
ǰȴǳһڽҲǴʧɫ
漴ͺһأ´󰲣
ͻȻˣȻǵʵۣʵ۹ߣ
ʵ۱£
죡
⻹ҶЦһμĻʵ۱¡
ֻԼĪʮ꣬׳ꣻݷ̫ӵм񣬵һԻ͵ƣȴ̫Ҳϲϵģ
λʵ۱·лֻô赭д߽һɾµķɣ֮
֮ǰ̫ӵɣ治ͬնأ
ڳ˰˶ΨҶЦ˿̻ϣĺȺ׿Ⱥ
Ȼӵµˣǻ˸ֱӾͶˣ
ʵէĳ˵УҲЩ㶣ʧЦһλǡ
ȥһžͰҶЦۡһˤڵϣŭСӣҪҲô
ŤͷͶԻʵ˵С˵ҶıӡҶЦ
ʵ۱һ㶣˲ʱ۾ЦԭСӣһٴ˵еҹ
仰һʱЦ
Ȼ˵ĺܴ˵úܶ˶˵
ҶЦһӺߣȴҲֻù񣺡ݼ¡
ʵһֽûʲôʵ۱£ֻһĽֵǺȾɣ˳㣬ΪĽʿУ
˵ţĹ˵Ҷɡ
л¡
һһֻ˶ǺЩҲҲϾʵ۱Ȼô˵ˣһʼǻʵ۰
˭ǰһ䣺ոڡ
ǲʧķˡ


132 ˻ʵ
˵ĻûȵģйҲŻѽ
ԡ
ֻʵ۱Ц˵˰ˣֻҲˣðɣҺߣܻӭĲ֮ˡ
˵ţ̾˿˵һսֵܣȻôİˡǲʤꡭ
ָȺеĳˣЦ壬Ķں棬СӸһ񣬰ҹֶܲӴǰ͸һɵ¶ˣôģ㻹ӿ㵱ͷԵĺܳôڵӾȻҲ˵ˣҿͺͷĻҪ衭
һĹͷ죬һ̣Դֹզ˵ءҪкҩڿʲôˡ
һԼȳôЦ
ʵ۱Ҳ̿ס㡭㣬ߣСţ㡭⼸쵰˵ģ˵˴һȥͷһѹˮˣȴҵ·ת۾֮زز޹ƨɻҹ˾ʱŸһӪ߲һӪſڣ⼸ȱµȴֽȫ޳屩¶ڵƹΨֱ˲֪кϷݡôĳ󣡴˿ǾȻҲװŲʶˣ
һۣװŭ鸺塢ɺõĶ
ʵ۱һ½еɲǼٶȻԾ
£Ǵοɲܹǡզֻ˵أĮôĵطƽĸӶѵúܣȴϸ缸˴ҩÿ˶ڱˮһҹǵĻؾѾܿˡ
ʵ۹Цһûܵıģ޵ĿӶҰǣغӺȱƾͶˣһû֣
ʵ۱ôֵģһｫһص䣬һܰĸоȻһС˭ˣⱭƣ
仰ǰ˵ĻôҲô˵־͸Ɑƣ˭˭û֣
ǣڡ֡˭ûۣ֡ȴҲĵĲ˵ˡ
ɾ͸һ̳ӣһﹻʵ۱ºƣһ̳ӣҺȲǣҲúǣ
š¡Ϲͷ˹Ϊ˰ȫҵȼ飬㲻ʵˮ˭֪˭ȾƵʱˣģϴ֣ǲɵӣԿϵ飬һжܵмԲǡ
һЦȲʴУ˵úã̫еˣϽģ飬飡
һ飬־Ȼˮһ𾪣˵°ϰ߻ûİˡ
ʵ۱űһˣҵڳӳӼס
ƣƣ̫˹ڽڿʼ޹˼ɵһ塣
ڻʵ۱󣬸һ̫࣬˿ҲѾŶЦôΡΡ϶˵Ӵι£湻ֵģһ˵ЦūŶˡ͸߳ˡ
ִһѵĻʵۺͽʯ쾪һ仰ʱͳһѻȸתλ̫࣬졣ãʵ۱²𾪵˵㡭߳ˣ
̫ԾĨЦᣬֲ֧ǰǰūſɲ͸߳ˡ
ۣ
ʵ۱¸սһھֱӾ˳Цڽһ֮£ҲŶӣŴȣЦþ춯ء
һ̫࡭ȻҲ˵߳
̫вˣ
±߻ô
ȻΪСǰ־գȫɢˣʵ۱ȫĵڽｫ֮УߺʼĦȭƣӣһʶȾƶӡ
ΨҶЦ۲쵽һ£ڻʵ۱ӵʱǸ̫ļ
ƺǸ⣿ƺǡʲô
ҶЦ͡
λʵ۱£ǳԼԤϡ
ǳʲôĿɣʵ۱ĵ̫ļҶЦĿ࿴֮һҶЦλʵ۱µΪ˲ٺøеġ
ԭʵ۱£ԵһŵסԼıϵʮ꣬ôһ̫ӶӣѾȷ˫ǢĹϵǽ֮󡭡
ΪһµĻʵۣܹǵõ󣬻ܹ˷Σ뵱ĽͬЦŭȻڳϣ֮ӣȴҲѾ൱Ĳףܿɹ
⣬ҶЦܹоʵ۱ô˵ʱǺмĵģʱһ̣ûнԼһʵ۵λϣ
У̫˵Ǿ仰֮ġЦϡΪһաܹڻʵߵ̫࣬ĸɵϣ
Ǹ̫Ͷۣǻʵ۵Ľ֮ˣĪȨ֣ūԾӣ˻ʵ۱ˣǻʺ󡢾̫ҲδؾҰūţ
һˣȴԼϣҲҪΪʵ۴档
ʵ۱ĵһ£ҲҶЦоʵۣ˻ǲ
һģ룬ҲǰοͬʱҲ֮߰⣡
ŻʵһڽȺˮ˲ֳһƬӣҶЦҲˣΪλһս񣬾ΪЧ
ΪʲôԼıϵҶ˾׸ǴǿߣҲ϶¶ʮĳŵ
һʵڵӡ
ϷҲ㹻ˣ
ʵ۱¸˵һˡ
пȡ֮
̫뼸ӬӪĶǣӿһָоȮӣˡ
ҶЦҶЦʵ۱ڴУСӣСӹС̳ƸˣӽҪ;ӡ
һԵ帧ԼĹͷʵ£ҶСӺȾƾͺȾƣҲ˵ˣǸʲôϵ
ʵ۱ºǺǴЦ㲻֪ҶЦиŽСҹô͸˵ҹǲǾʲô
òĥƬ̣Ҳ԰ҹԪôҲǾӰ
ʵ۱Ҳһ㶣漴ˣҾ˵ҹԪզأвУͲӣҲӣ
СһͷһİķУǻʵۣԣȻ˵ʲôʲô
һƬʱ˷ﲻ
򱱾λ϶һ֡ɡĹʣ
ȻǴ󽫾˼ʲڣ»ûʲôʱ򣬶
ҶЦЦĴӦһôģҹŲǣ컹Ҫٶһӡ˵ĻǴ˿òƲȥаֻűӹȥϵһ̳Ӿƹཹེȥ
ƫڶٹ٣Żʵ۱Ϲ֣ÿ˵жһָӵɫ
ʵ۵껹ǻӵʱݣܽУһҶ֪ġ
ȴ벻ʵ۱¶ｫ쾹˵Ŀء


133 ̫
ȻҲֻںɵȥΪˡ
Լͬʱһ£²ȥƣｫǻȥģ½ˣ֮ЧȴǾԲһģ
Σ֮ڻѾһİսʦϣһɾԵҳ֮⣬Ȼһ̨ףһ߶ȣ
оǣ˳ǻҳϲ֮⣬ǳʵ۹ʵ۱µұʿֻҪֳ߲ͻݱ㲻з磡
㣬ɺҪҲܹؼ

ȵļƣǵĳ֣ٴһµĸ߳
ֻʱȴһС
ʵ۱¿ųΪףƵҹ£ſһ䣺ҹѾͷɣôˡѾͷ˼ûУ
ЦˣѾҶ˶Ů׼ҡ
ʵ۱ڡšһ漴ڽȥˡ
ôһ仰ȴҶЦоȻʲôطײԾζնһŮ׼ңȴҲǽеĺһĨƽ
λ۹ֺûĻƺǺˣʵϣǻúܰ
һᣬʵ۱뻪ȥ鷿˵Щ˽ܻ
ҶЦȴע⵽λ̫ȴ˴ûвڽ֮Ŀ񻶣ǶһһߵĽòƾ治ӡ
ľ󣬼ÿ˵ѪҺҲ˲ȼշڣΨȴһԹۣϾһƬȻ
һˣȻ˵£Ҫ߳ˡĻ
ǲ˼飬ŵ飡
Ȼ÷ȻȻʲôѵԵɣ
ҶЦҹµľȻǸ̫ߡ
λһ˶δįѵþˣҶЦǰ빫һҶЦ̬ɾϵľеľ̳ӡ
Ǹ̫໺̧ͷЩǵעҶЦЦЦҶ󽫾Ķӣ֮סãԵҾһ
ûһ̫һǻֻ΢ЩᣬȻƺһж֮
ҶЦž̬ϸ
̫˵ĵһӡһˡͣͷȻЩ߰ףЩ޲ѾСˣ
һϸ۲ʱȴ֣ᷢʵһ㶼ϡ
ϵļܹ⻬ϸ塣ʣȻէȥǻǣϸȴܹо۵Ƿݷ
ҶЦ̽һǳȴ֣ԼȻûκã
̫˿̻Ĵǰʶãǰûκεڼ
ǰûϢĹ£
ΨһɾֻУ̫ΪΪ֮ߣ󳬳ҶЦʶܼķ룡
ó֪֮һҲ֮ˡ
ôڻʵߣͬһͼūһ㲻ۣȥĴڣھֻ¾һȵĹߣէº޳̫֮࣬Ȼһλ֣
ʹգҶЦžƣһһš
͹Ӷʣ̫൭Цţһǫ
ٺһҶЦֽһ̳˹ȥ
Ҷ̫̫һȴǰڰ־ܾˣίʵǲٺȣС
ҶЦװź˵ӣһץס̫֣ٺһʲô˵ġ
̫ƴǣǼļƴǡ
ҶЦûǿɿЦѵÿԾһػĵģˣȥұ˺ȥ
˵ձתߣﳤȥ
̫ҶЦȥıӰһĨ⣬Ϭзɻ󣺡еȻ󷨡κʱ䣬κεط˺ӣǲڴ˽硭ΪΣλҶȴܴȺһҵңһҺȾƣֻΪô
ҶЦתһ˲ͬҲһĨ
Ѿ
ղס̫֡ӴݣѾظ̵ֱܵϿļɳڣһҪըһĿֲ
⣬ƤԸǾˡ
ѾҶЦƲλ̫ʵʵ
̫࡭޶ȵҲֻҪ̫ӸǸĵΪߣӦ˵Ҫߵö࣬ûпɱԣ
λ̫࣬Ӧþǳʵ۹ʵ۱µֶΣͬʱҲȫıڡΪҲһλԪʦ֣
һԪ۷֣
Ѿﵽߵ۷壡
˲Ϊοı̬Ž֮⣬ҶЦĿǰʶĺ½֣۹ġ䣬̫֮඼ҪѷɫôһǸĪ֮㣬ֳʵҪڴˣ
еڶأߺĺȾƣ̫ԾԹۣʵ۱ºͻȥ鷿̽ҹҶЦ˴
ȥ˺Ժ԰
˵ûȶɣСѾͷЩǳĳ
ôܣҶЦһ֣ƾҵľ
ˣ˵Խ˵Լûȶ࣬Խ˵ԼõˣųɶѾȶˣСѾͷ˵
Ǻǡ⻰˵еҲеƫȫ˵ˣʣһأҲʣµһأӵҶЦæ͡
ǸңΪʣµһɣȫǺȵòٶˣСѾͷֵ
ҶЦķҲô԰ɣûȶ࣬һͺôһƣҾͱˣôȶأҵľǺõúء
˺ˣûȶˣٴˡҹЩ²ߡĬڻһȦŵ֪ôءһεЩҲûٳҴǰȴָо
ҶЦοķģһ鷢ġ
ҹü˵ģЩʱҾʹûĸоͺֻƽšת۾ͻһΣҵĸоͬȫͬ
˶٣ĸףԴϴѣҲǽü񲻰ˡ
ҶЦԣ΢΢ĳһ¡
󣬹Ȼǲ
ѵһγⷢô
ҹ˶ǽͥŮӣ˵ģֻ˵ͻһҲ֪ٴΣǰδֻţƫƫһξ񲻰
˵ʲôζʲô
죿ӹô

ҶЦһֱһ£ǾǣһˣԼǷʲô飬ȷʵǴһصԤеģԤкݣȴʵ顣
ؼǣָоʮа˾Ŷ飡
ҹķҶЦоЩġ
ЩȴֲҸ˵ĸ׶˵ҹĿҶЦЦЦ˵λ᲻ʲôأ


134 ֮
ģһµġҶЦһ䣬ȴ֪أҶЦڴʱ˿ҲĪһɲĸоȻ֪ԵɺڣǸоȴ쳣ʵڡ
ҶЦת֮䣬ȴү˭
ǱӰҹ˵
νӣȻǻڻ
˿ɿôҶЦʵ
ԿɿӴҵѲ֪˶飬һֱĹһԸΪҵȥˣҼҾԵĸҲûнˡҹͷʲô
еʧҪĲԸΪˣһΪŵˡҶЦȡƿҹУ֮ǰүһöҩܹүԼţ벻áһΣ㽫ŵҩ͵͵ؽӣ˵ǹܾһҩ͵͵šһиʲôʱ򡭡ֱӸүȥţֻܸүһˣ𣿡
ҹ۾һʱЩȸԾˡ
ҶЦǰĵ񵤣Ȼ֪ҶЦһͳöҹ֪ܲöҩķ
ۣлл㣡ЦЦãһץ˹ȥͻȻһӱסҶЦϰһڣСѾͷԼͨˡ
ҶЦоϱһڣǸо²ɵþһٻζղŵУһֳ˴ҩĸоĳ²Ծͦ
ȵοҾĸ׸˵ҹɫģ˫ֽ½򸣬ͲţȫĻ¡ʱ򡭡ЦЦɲҪ۸ҡ
£ҶЦоһ
һʱ䣬ȻЩãȻ
ЦԼҲ˵Լд˿̵ǸʲôоֻɬһֵĻ֣̿һЩھΣһЩ̾Ϣ
Ψûóֵڴϲĸо
ԺУ֪أͻȻֳһʤѩ߾ľӰ
һ˫Թӣƺﶨ
ƺҶЦΪʲôԸȢΪޣ
⵱һ仰ڴ˿̾Ǿһ㣬ШҶЦС
ϲңΪβԸȢΪޣ
˼ס
Ǹ߾ͬһ˶ԲλŮӣΣʳ仰ʱҶЦܹܵľġ
Ѿе
ʱԼĹôܹȢޣ
Լתȥһ̣ڵϡ
žડ
󣬾ҶЦǣӵ֡
ҶЦҺ㣡
һֱ˽죬֣λ˵˵ֵʱӣȻҶЦУʱɼ

˼㱣һʱ䣬Ȼûлشҹµ⡣
ҵԸȢҹΪôҶЦԼ
СѾͷÿɰλòҲҵܹҶɫŮӡ
ǣҶЦоìܵҪҪִҪ
ƽĶۣϲҹµġ
ԼҲʶνϲԲǹغϲһСãĳ谮
˵ô谮簮֡
ǣûǣûбǣңȢҹ£ҶЦҲǲᷴԵġٲΌܡ
ЦϾУͲνʵζϡͿĳףҲǲ޿ܵġ
ǣס¡ӡ⼸۵ʱģȴҹ¡
һԼİŮӡģһɬʹ
Դ˿̣ҹ½ߵ£еĲǻϲöǸе顣
ٰĪζӿͷΨһܹȷľֻУԼСѾͷ氮
ڣԲǡ
ӣز˵ҹºͷбۿȫǰ⣬˵ǻϲɵô
ҶЦεЦЦǼ⡣ĵԶԡ
˵ʲô˵ԼϲСѾͷУƭˣƭСѾͷҶЦԼأ˵ԼϲСѾͷòҲУ̫ˣۼСѾͷʧȥֿЦʹãҶЦǹԼأԣ⵱ھô˵ԡ
֮ʣȴʵ۱˳һͬƺ˵˼仰̫һߵ·ڹսˡ
ˣȻһֹĸо
ţѵ˵ʵ۱Ҳ͵͵ܳġҶЦʱ˻⣬תƴ󷨣ԸСѾͷǰٷеĲš
ҹƲƲ죬ȴϵԼæСƿӴ˻ԼҲ֪ƿǵ˻УôշõģųɾŲԼˡ
һ¡ҶЦȲҪߡһ䡣漴ת˴
УŻĻһ
رòءҹЩĵ˵
ν֪Ī֪ĪŮСѾͷԻ˻֮⣬ڶ룡
ҶЦ˵¡¸ղŵһ̸йء
̸ʲôݵģѵǰб䣿ҹ¶ʱ
١֪ݣǲǺϢˣҶЦȻ
ֹһᡣ
ʼ½½뿪ˡ
һĹѾøɸɾ
غȵһ佫һȥһֱ°ҹ󼸸˲ȥ
޼ӶǱ̧˻ȥӸһֻϻǰ󲻹Ƭ̣ͱ߻أ˻û룬˾ӵ¡
̫ӵߵʱĴһ¡
ȻѰҶЦټټҶЦȴҶڱʿзԤҶЦѾûˣҶЦǵһغֻ±
̫ӵµУǡ
ջûмҲôˡ
ʵΣίһһƲԼɰˣ
ҶЦ̨ϡ
˿̵аղź˵ĺȻģ
ҶЦСѾͷ˼æ˹ȥ
ΪлҪ˵ȴֻãûмʱ˵
һֱȵų˵һ仰һҪţзˡ
ͷ̬Ⱥء
˴γϷմʤǵҲˡһʲôõϢĿ⿴ϣһֵﲻҪɥ¶಻ΪТҪƽκ񷨣¶ЦЦףȻ󣬽ױҲһסҶȥ
ɫ䣬ŵ̧ͷŻ
ѰŮӣ֮ǰԼɷ̬쳣һ׼˿ⷬǾĪѵƵѾܻȵزô
ⷬٱ𽻴ֱӾԣйµĿˣ
ҹһڣԼס졣
ȴ̲סһҡΣһ˫ŵĵԼĸףһ


135 ϵĹ
Ҫţ˵Ӳ¶ۼ
ɫɷףһס죬ȴȻش۽˳
̧۳ճյעŻϣ¶Ũصǲ֮ɫ
Է۹ҶЦ̽ʵһЭϻˣһγҲǱʤľ氡˺αأδ˼ʤǰܣ
̾Ϣһ䣬սȻǱʤ
ȴǾתȥ޶ԡ
ҶЦıӰѵǡǷƸ¥ˣ
Ӷһ٣漴˽ȥһб䣬ҶҽȫܷۣҶʵȻǾԵУҲܻȫ
Ϸ򿴵óЦЦʱ࣬ҲǵĲµСӡϷο˺¶пԭݵڿԷˡ
ɫˣվǳ֮ڣҶЦûȥˡ

ӣȻʧŶ֮ڡ
һ仰ҲƮƸ¥ܺ㽻һ֣ҵҪϷҪηƸ꣬㸲Ǭ
ҶЦվ˰ΣڸǶȥ
֪֮󣬻ҹ»ӣһ˾˺һᡣ
󣬻ֻһ仰һβսɳʲôԵɣΪұ𣡡

ҶЦ߳ʱѾҹʱ֡
ֵߣǵһʿԾͬǹһͦض
ҶЦһ·߳ȥľΪЩѪ˵ŰΧ֮£ҲеһĪİȫС
ҹҹ
ҶЦ૵˵
ǰЦ޼ҹ֮Ϊһ¶ȻûмңһΪΪľֻʵӴţʵһСɣԼʵѰļȴûͳĹȣԼҹ֣ҶЦмûи
ʱգʱ˿̣ҶЦеķȴһ㣬ָоİȴ֡
ΪôжΪ֣սһ
Ǽ߻صٽҶҵʱͻȻǰ洫춯
ƺһһʻȴ־ԲӶ
ҶЦ۾ȥ·ߣعŹսǴĶ
սǴµµԽԽٹƬ̣ȴһδƽˣΣһŮӣְɴԱߡ
ϣһˡ
һ꣡
꽣üĿӢͦʣܹվȻ꣬ѹӡ
һӦϲԳ谮ˣȴƫƫһмˣ
βҶЦӭ
ҶЦʶһоԼֻЩˡԴӹŽˣܹԼвˣòѾǺܶˡ
ԳЦһ£ٶǰȥβʱҶЦλ¹תͷ
ɲǼĿԡ
һӶסˡ
ǰ¹ҶЦȻȳڣ˵ҹ˾̨˼һ˶УǺˡ
ҶЦоԷ峺д֮УҲͽ˶ѣȻ˲ſ㣬׳ȴֻһͨˣˡ
Цڸ˿̲ѣ̨㣬ҹΣӦúúõչԼǡ
¹ӿҶЦлӹģѾױе缲Ҳ޷ÿҹҲǲ뿴ˣӲ뱻˿ѡ
ҶЦ˽ĵͷ
Լò绪ȴעǸмҲǲñ˿ġ
ʹӹգ¹ʵ
ҶҶЦ˵
ˣҲҶġ¹Ц
ţҶҶҶЦҲЩȤ
˿̱Ҫ뿪ȴһȻ뿪ĸоһƺʲôҪ΢о
˵ķίʵѣҶЦӡ󣬾Ȼ൱Ĳ
ҹɫҹ빫ȴֲͬͬź¹ЦţʹӵĴǡһЦ֣
ҶЦ۾һУǣ̨ʶң
˻Цʶȴ빫񽻾ӡΪҵ֣ǡ빫һֱȤҪһλҶЦӣһʲôˣȴԲҵԸֻû뵽ԸڴɵĽգȴҹ֮С
۾ЦЦҶӣҹҹҵҹء
ҶЦԲüͷоһòƺܲ򵥵ĿƺڿʲôɫȴҶЦʲô
ңһ䡮ҹҹҵҹء仰ҶЦôƺһζ˼
ҶЦתֻҹ
ҵҹλҹӿ϶˵ƣеϥĴ
ʹӴҶЦʵ
Ҳҹ¹˵ǡ
ҶЦʱоһɼȵĲĸоͻأ𣬿תҹǺ֡
ҶֲֵǸã¹Ų֪ʲôζɫЦõһ֡
ҶЦԼã
¹˵Ц񷣬ЦЦӢԵᡣº͵΢Цţ̾ؿҶЦɫЦĺ˻ģЦأЦӢۣ
ЦӢۣ
֣ҶЦȻһ£Цҹôһ˵ҵظо־ǼõġҹҹУػؼҲû£벻żСȥ¥һΣ
ǰҹ΢΢ҡͷ̬ȡʵڲƣֻùҶӵĺˡѾˣٵŰݷðɡ
ҶЦգνղײգ͵ȥǵ㳤̸Σ
λҹЦҡͷҵ߶šֻ߿ɻһܼšһεָָߵλŮӣⲻϱϿ⣬˵ɶҲҪһڣҿǴ粽С
ҶЦ룺ʲôϵɩҲһͬǰȥǣªͷܻм䡣
˵仰ʱ۾ǰɴŮ沿֮¶һ˿ɫԵζ
񣬺ܱ¶ЩĿŵļɫȴ˸оƴΡ
˸оһ˿㼫˼ӽǲ⣬ǿ˼ϱɫ
ɴŮӺһʱ治ˣôûؼˡҪȻҪƢˡ
¹εЦЦڳ˰ɣҶӣԵټ
˱پۡҶЦƺЩϧģٴκݺݵĿǰɴ֮һۣЩ˵ҹֿɱһҪˣȻɩҲҪһǰŶɩǲһʧŶСܹݰ١


136 һ
¹Ķŵ΢ЦһһҶ֣ˡ
ߡҶЦվڽֱߣλȴֲͬҹȥֵĸоȴٶ
УȴǶ˼ҵϱԶȥƨںݺݵעš
òƺ޲Ҫ˼ҵȹӰһ㡣
ǰɴŮӴ˿ŬƽϢԼеɱ⣬ǿжסԼʱ竵ͽն⽴ǿҳ嶯ɴһһԲԸŰ¹Զˡ
չһֵһ˲ʧ
ֱ˿̣ҶЦĵһŸоԼϵ亹ˢˢˢ
ˣʲôˣ
Լ㲻ڵĸо
ҶЦ֪
ȴ֪һ£εģʼһԲˣԾԣԪ֣
ǣ
ۿŶԷȥҶЦȻûж׷١
ΪܹĸоֻҪԼչ׷٣¶ԷǼ˾ȻͻֽԼ˼Ӱ٣
ң֮ǰһ仰ҶЦоӳ
Ǹνġҹ˵ġ
ЦأЦӢۣ
ܹ⼸ֵģԴΪƵģبһֻһˣ
Ц
ҶЦ
˼仰ʱҶЦµĺëֱ
˵˭Ϊʲô֪仰
ΪλԼҶЦ˵أ
ҹ֣벻ɣҶЦк޺޵ţô˵ǰڳҡүģƫƫӶȫûаӡ󡭡
ȥУصԼʱҶЦͻȻһԼ飺̶̵ʱԼȻѾ벻ղ·¹ӵģ
ҶЦļԣһڼµһνĹĿǼҳ㷹
ողżһ˵ģȻˣ͹£
֮
ҶЦаŬ䣬ԽӡԽģǵزǵǰ¹ӵӣˣǸŮӵģҲģ
аˣҶЦǰ˵Ƶֶȴûо飬ûˣ
ҶЦǲܵ飬˵ļܻΪʱŶӡģżҲת۾˸ողſĳЩע£ĳʱ֮ڣǲת۾ǵġ
ңòƻһط֣¹ߵˣҶЦֻע⵽ǵʵǵӷûж⣬֮һƳҲ࣬ǰ¹ӣȴע⣬ֵǣ˵òӡ󣬼ģȴȰ¹ӺˣȻ볣졣
бȻĳֹŹ֣
óһ۵ҶЦ˼ת漴뷨Լܴĳķţ֮ǰһСεļ䣬ȱʧģ
ֶηŶں½߶ԣ췽ҹ̷˼飬ԣ䲻ȴҲັ
ҶЦ֮ʱû뵽ΪҶЦԣҲûƷţҪ˼Ƭ֮о
߾ǡ˵еġһΡɣҶЦ
һΣ˼塣֮󣬾ͬһ㣬ˣҲȫˡ
һּΪаŵĹ
ô¹һ˵ʲôأΪʲôֶΣǵǺ½ıˣڸλأ
ڹۣڳʵ۹ĶǣΪĿĺأ
ҶЦȴʶȻֻһμ棬μԼ˵Ҫ
ֱ
ҶЦȻʹȱʧοδƵļ䣬ֻûйַŵӦֶΣһʱٰ޼ƣ˼ת֮䣬ɴת񹦡
ԼֶΣίʵûпƽ취ŵȻͽϣȫںųصһˡ
˵ʵڵģҶЦҲ֪ԼΪǳȻ˵ãҲδþƵԷǸֶΡ
תʮŸ֮ҶЦȷϣҲܣ֮ǰȱʧģӡûлظҲȫЧԼļͣ˰¹ӡˣŮӰģʱ
ֹͣģʧ
ҪٻǵľòȴѾǾ޿ܣ֮ĽԻ㻹ǼҶЦ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ҶЦ϶˿ȻѾ԰¹ӵģǳģֻҪټһܼʱӡغϡ
̫ˣҶЦһ
һֱ˻صУɵ˴ϣҶЦһܣҸղÿЦ壬Ǹҹ֣ôأ
ˣҶЦĸо̫ˡ
һΣաȴһᡢӵĸо
ƺֻҪ崺硣ֻ뵽Ҳָ᷺о
ҶЦۣȻӡģȻ֪˶ǵзѣȴԴ˳ӲԸദƬ̡
ƺһȻ˸
˵˭ʲô
ҶЦüͷŬ˼ȴȫȻûаͷ
ȴһָо
һ¾ԼƽУ
ָоͻȫ޵
ҶЦԼָоֻ˵ֱ

һߡ
λҹڼҶЦ֮󣬾ͱ۾ϣֱչǽǣ˵߰ɡ
˶˵̧Σ˵ƮǰУ漴һĸͬһʧˡ
Ƭ֮󣬳ĳ
һƬɽһƬ֮⣬ĸͬһٶȳ֡
Ȼ㻺ؽ֮С
Уλ¹ʼû˵
֮˹֮࣬漴ʧ
ȥκΣǰУ¹ſڣ㿴Σ
üҶЦᣡ
ȴҶЦǰ޼ɵԼѲĿ⣬һֳɫ̬ȻǼһѾڼΡơ
ѾеԵĳ裬ŭ
ˣǰ׹ӡ
ֻĻԳĬһ£㽫ҶЦƽ˵˵
һ£ҶЦʮ߸£丸Ҷ죬򱱴󽫾ҶЦಡ丸Ϊʹܹ糣һĻţܾǧ࡭ҶЦܹ꣬ǿ·ѧ˵˵һޱĺӡ
Դ꣬Ҷ첻֪Ӻδ㵽ҩָ֮Ҳ˳˵ĳ̶ȣ΢һЩһĺӲңӵйĿ֮ܡ
¹˵Ŀָֻ΢һЩӦҶõ컯ɡ
ָͷԼϥǣƺϰ߶컯Ҷܵõ
죬૵Ҷ죬ıô
Ĭһ£˵ȥ


137 ֮
ͷ渵ҶЦ꣬ӵĸԵһչ֣ʹƤ޳͸мҶ콫˵ȣ۵ʿʮһ֣꣬ȶȣ֪ڸ֮࣬ƿڴʮ꣬ѾʼϷŮʮ꣬ǿŮ֮£丸״νŭһ٣Ůͻء
֮ҶЦӸһʰϷҸŮ飬ԽԽƵҶ쳣⣬Ϊ˹̶ܽӣɴξҶܼңҶЦ
ʮ꣬ĸǰ¥뼸竺ȾƣȵԣȻص󣬾ͺ鷢൱仯ʱôˣеฮһУȻฮһҹǡɱҲ˵ùµʼĩԵһֱЩ벻ͨ
֮󡭡
˵ţȻҶЦС飬޾ϸȫ˵˳
һֱ˵󣺡ҹ빫֮ǰҶЦƣ˵֮ǰһֱܲĻһζıֺ⡭빫
ˣҶЦĿǰΪֹƽˡ
׹΢΢۾ûмʱ˵
֮ŵ֮У˶پƣ
˵һһСһС룬룬һ̳ľ̳ǰ̳
׹üľС
˵Ҳܾʹ۶Ҳ߱һΪЩƶͨ˵ȻˣһΪ˵ʲô
׹ӵŶ¥ȵһΣֺ˶پƣ
һסˣɫȻ
Ҫ˵ĸôȻһбºôƣأԻ£ϴβһ竺ȾƣȻ࣬ܺȶ٣׹侲˵ôһΣΪλԣ
һɫҾǲ֪
һ㣬ҶЦкˮ׼Ϊ׹ʵ
಻ԪƷĲˮ׼οһᣬһ㣡Ϊм˵
ǺǣֻԪƷĳ̶ôѰΪߵ߲鿴ΪֱˣҲ⡣ҽҹ֮ʵΪԴﵽԪƷƷˮ׼׹Ц
һ㶣ôᣬѵʩչĳΪķţҵ۾
ܹϢ֮ڡһʱԹᡣ׹ֵļ˵ʵȴΪʲô
ԪΣҲǿȥЩмȻΪұк塣
׹ӵʵ̫ˡʵΪУȻˣȴΪӵеľ̫ˣ˶Ϊû壬ȻὫ֮ڡʵʵ൱ĵˣôΪĻˣɾռôˡҿԱ֤ΪһƷĵԪ֣ҲᱻһǺѶȣȫʲôģӲڻ¡
ԣ׿ΪĻҶЦĻк֣һ൱µļһ
׹ӳ˵
ҲЩΪȻǸ˵
ڶˣίʵЩĲ¡׹˵£ȥ⼸¡
Ը
һ£ǵҶЦȾƺȵԵһ죬һȾƵĶЩˣվλȻһҪʱľΪʲôҶЦԣװģȷ£ĻˣԵ˺̶ֳȡ
ǡ
ڶ£µһµʱΪʲôùʲôɣޱʥǱߣǿнฮΪʲôΪ֮ȴֲฮˡ涨ȻΣҪ֪ס
ǡ
¡ǣڵĹŽڳǳǣƺԶڴ˵أ
ˣ׽ʲôŽΪնֶǸûмĺô϶ǲġ
ǵϣȻǧÿһʱͻ½һΣÿζʱ䶼ܶݣ鱦ϰΪֲƸĸȴҲһ㶺֮áһԭˣĿǰ˵ӵ׸д־ƵһҪ⣡
ǡ
ǷԸ£׹ͷٴξĿһ£Ҷ죬Ϊλ⺮½飬ҼǵӦϼأ
˵Ҷ죬Ҷϼһ˳λ̳ˣ֪Ϊ칬Ů˴鵼»ʱŭɨҶϼ塣
ŮΪ˱ȫҶң칬չսսȴˣʱѾдһս֮࣬ǵˣ˼˸̥첻㣬ǰ̥ҶЦ
ŮΪ˱ȫɷӵȫԼҶϼ岻ʹɷ͸ճĶӣص칬
»һ棬ȴͬʱһҶ뿪Ҷңȥ׽÷𣡡
׹ӵҼǵС£»ƺ÷ɣ
˵ǵģ칬Ĳ˳˵ҶŮ˴Ҳȷʵԣ»һ棬ֻҶ뿪򣬲ŵгһգΪܹԪͿŮٽƾԲһžۡ
׹ӵЦһ
Ҷ쵱ΪԪΣڴս֮У칬ĸһΪ½ʱ򣬲ֻԪƷˮ׼
ԪƷԪʾţԴḻĳ壬һĹҲδܹɣοԴƶĺ½ûκԴûκԮûκθΪҶûκϣԪԡ̵˵÷Ҳûʲôˡ
Ůص칬֮󣬾ͱصףΪԪҶʼĩˡ
̾һһˣһһĻᶼ΢΢ˡ
׹ӾţҶҵĺأ
Ҷұ֮Уǳң칬ȴԶԶ硣˵һʱ˼ˣҲûʧҶԼһ˳潫鿸ҶҲ˧ֶΣûءЩ棬Ҷµļ̳ˣҶĵһ˳λ̳ˣΪӣڸ⡣
Ǻǡ׹ЦһϵıϣͦȤġ
µϧʱǹӿϳ˵һ仰һ˾Ͳᡭ
ҶŮ飬ίʵ֪µÿһŮĪź
ղһŮΪ֮̾Ϣ顣
׹ӵҳ˵һ仰
룬ҡҡͷ˵Ǻǡ


138 ر
ЩȻصͷ
ʲôãѩѧˣΪξǶ˼ȴһľ񣿶ˣȻ
׹ӳĬһ£նۿžҪˣƣȻһ
ݶʢһʵȷʵңڳʵ۹ʵҲӢ䣬һ۲ţʵˣ֮ǹҪǿзū澸оһѵöࡣ
׹ӳ룬Ķ֣һ졭
̾˿ûǵĲ֣նһγȻǴݿ࣬ܵУ
׹ЦЦһӦĲöźˣ
ȫźˣ빫ӷġ
׹ӵͷһ¡
ǸһĨ졭ûҵô׹üͷ˵Ϊ˵½Ӧòھôǡ
ͷһֱһָоһĨǹǣӦó飬˵֮⣬顣
һĨڡ᷽ܶࡣ׹һѪ⣬һֱѵĸо
ס
Ϊӵĸоûг
ô˵һĨѵǱˣ
㽫ҶЦƽҲҽһ顣׹ӵһʲô©ĵط
ҶЦЩת䡣
ԼòƲ˵һҶЦعҪ˵ղ˵Ͻս֣˵һĨ죬Ǵ£ôͻȻתصҶЦϣ
ѵҶЦڹĿ֮УϽսֺһĨ컹Ҫ
Ŷ˵ЦҶЦ
׹˵ţָڴô
Ȼ򣬵ǡȴоҶЦӦעصĻٵҶЦ
ҪȻҲóһҶЦ˵
Ҳ֤Լĸоûд
竹ӣڹĿУȷλ⡣
Ϊʲô
ʵĴ۾Ű׹ӡ
׹ָͷϥǣϴһ˵ܸоڵҶЦЩŹ֣λЦҲЩΡɣҶЦ֮䣬ǲǴʲôǣߣ᲻ǡ
ɹӵжϣЦźΧɱ£ԪǾûпӵóȥģһ㣬֮ǰѾݹΣڻҪݶһΡ
׹ǺǣоһΣ򡭡ЩġǿڵҶЦ֮󡭡
УͻȻһɫ⻪һڽǸҶЦǺԹһ㣬ѾЦܲһˡǸҶЦǶϣϵϢӦůĸоǡ
ͷԴ˱ʾͬ
ȴЩ⣻Ӷ죬ΪƫƫϾأҶЦЦҶЦûκغϵѽյˣʵ̫ˡ
ҪƽϣôЩ˵ȥˡ
ŴǬ죬Ŵ̥ޣŴηƸ꣬ŴξһѪ׼Žرɾһ˲䣬ʧˡ
׹üͷɫЩף૵ķ˶ʱ䣬ֻõһܹܣ
ϣҲ֮ɫ

˶һۣԷеϧֻ׹ǵϧȴһԵİɥ
ǧǧഫ֮⣬׵£
ǸصĶû˵
ö֮ҲһΪõĴ˵ѡ
˳֮Ϊر
ⶫʲôӣʵûκ֪
Ψһ֪ģֻУ˭ܵõⶫܹɳΪף
ף
Ǻε˵ĸ߶ȡ
һֱҲֻһ˵ϵڣҲû⴫˵е漣
׹ȴһżȻĻУõһƬ뵽һĿռ֮Уһͨ쳹أЦ쳾ڵľʵҲõġ
Ҳ֪ⶫڵȷԡ
Լν֮İ취
ǿʼӾͿʼһδεŬΪ£ϧϵλۻ಻ĺ쳾ףһδεƸ֮꣬Դ½ˣԾΪһδζҡͼⶫ䷲
ֱʮǰ׹ǧŬЧʱҡʱңǬ߸Ѫ죻ػң׳ʵʱⶫ׹
ȴҲ׹һ˲䣬ʧӰ٣޺޼
׹Ҳ֪νرʲôʲôӶΨһ֪ľֻУԼѾɹˡ嵽ȥȴȫ
ûκ֮£ٴηƸٶ֮ƷǷܽǶ
ܷ㣬׹Ҳްգ°ٰ޼ƣֻܲ²ӦԡֱȻãϣҵرټ
ֻǣǰһĿܣǾѾⶫΪˣ
֮ǰ£ȴΪ£̣׹ƵĿ⿴ҡҷ涵֣Ŷ
һ
£ҾԲ
ЦϣѾȫ˳˵
ţš׹ӵɫһ̾ǺЩᣬȴֶһ¡Ȼ˵˵ҶЦɫԵûпǹװģ
Լʱסˡ
ΪʲôҪأʵǸоЩҹүֲ²⣬ǾԲܵ飡
ҡ⡭Ҫôش
׹˼ţ˵˿ŮˣӦǼ֣һ鲻ԽĿȥǶɫͣ޿ɺǣڶǿſˣѾ߳ԶҪŤͷһ΢ң˴˿жǷˡߣ־һǿŮ֮ͬҪŮ˵·Ŀ⡣ǵĿ⣡͵ģ˲ε
Уϲһ˵ֺɫˣɫǡˡ
˵Ѿ࣬ӣ
׹΢Цû˵أеֳ֣ɫǣǡһָôݵĿء־ǣĿ֮УѾŮѹ½
⣬һ־ǣŮȴҪװߵӣͷ߹ȥֳһмһ˵ӣҪŮԼŮǲԼԼȴ̲ס͵͵Ŀɧ͵ģϣûȴҪ˼νȵĸ壬Ͳˡ
׹ӺЦҶЦ֮ǰ㣬һĿ⣿
࣬ȴ֪ҪԼһҪٻش𣬵ϸϸãźܿ϶˵ҶЦӦ֡ڹ˼㣬ȴȴҪ
ҧҧȴҪ޲ý˼·ǹ񡭡аζ


139 Ƹ֮
׹ƺһ£̧ͷĿôۣɲҪ£
ٴλһ£ƺҶЦǳٶԼǰ֣ã϶˵ҿԿ϶ӣΪʱͻȻһֳı¶о˹ָоָо˺ܲڣ
׹ӲЩʧءŶһ
ЦĻԲӦ¶֡񡱵ǡ
ʵϣԴ֪־ͽҶЦ֮󣬰׹оĪһֳĲ²⡣
ֻɣûκɣֻһоһֱ
ȴôĻȥҴĲ֤
ɣڵĳǳҶЦЦЦת
ҶЦѾʮ࣬ЦҶЦȴŸոĸ¡
˵ʱȫԲϣྶͥƥ䣡
˿Ӱ׹ӵĻɣ
֪㲻޶ż׹ҶЦԱ˴˵ӣԴֱֽһĸо
Ϊر
Ψ滻ر
ôʲô滻תףǬתȽ棿ֻط
⣬òƻûܹشó
ȽѾ˵һ滻סǬתطֺγ滻ֻǹģСĲѣ
滻׹ĬĬļһ
ǡЦϣҪ𣿡ʵ
׹һ»ָţ
ߡΪҪӹҵ۾
ЦҶЦ̤;ĳΪڴͯӹһΪϡ
׹ȴѾֱ۾
ЦʦֻԪΪձΪⲿˣȴսڲ֮㴫ڵһСؤҶЦƹأ֧˼£顣
Կ˵ЦҶЦӿʼͻûʦָ˺һ·ǰУƣС͵ǿɹƭйڶʮ֮ǰѾһײͨ˽Ԫ츳Զʤˡ
Ԫ֮󣬾Ϳʼ˵ĴƯһȻҲм¼ȴҲǷƿɳ£ȴڼʮ䣬ٴԪ磬ҲǴԪʼ˷ˣֻ˵ЦĴ˵֮ʼ
ԪҶЦΪĳЩԵʼҰǵжԣһжʮ꣬ԪΪվȻؽҰǴˣҰ֯ҵУȻ㲻ʲôһֻԪΪ˶ԣǸ漣Ǹ񻰣
ʮʱΪսսĹϵҶЦ֮ɳΪԪƷ֡˵ţ֪ǧɢ֮УģЦ
׹ףʾͬ˵
ЦΪٶȣȷ̾ΪֹЩӵ㹻Դĸ󳬼ңɵţܹȵҶЦģȴҲ޼
ڽȥһʱո¶ͷǵҶЦʼΪʮͷʹĴڣΪȥ磬ײβƴӶԴ·񣬸ͷ֮࣬ȴ޿κΣڼЦһսιżսֵʱ֪֪ĸֶᣬһο˵ԪɣȴԪƷҶЦջ档
֮꣬һֱʵ׷ɱս۵ҶЦٶֳ徵ʱѾǵԪ֣
ˣһֱҶЦԪƷʱѾΪЦΪϵһ壡
ɴ˿Ц֮·һ漣֮·ȴҲһ֮·ʱͨȪ֮·
̾Ϣţһ׼ͽ޷죡
Ӧ˵ۺ֮·ⲻ漣֮·׹۾ֻ˵һȻ֮·߽ףȻҪǱԽһʱԽܼ˵ǱܡֽףοҲ̣Ľ
ͬǵԪƷ֣ɱ֮гǿߣ뵥ԴҳĵԪƷĻһ˲ͽնɱ
Ǽ͵ͬѹһƣ
Ҫԣ
ߣЦĵˣɾȻ֮·
׹΢΢İ۾̾Ϣ漴ϸĲһ飬ǼҶЦȥЩ
ǡ빫ʾ¡
춦ħ򡣡׹˵
Լռرĸ֮УԲٳκ⡣
ԼѾĸȴʼûҵ
Ȼ֮
һʮǰЦ춦Ȼ׷ɱ漴ˣħԵõ̫ŻԪ飬úѸٻָΪɱ䣬׷ɱ˷׷֮УأԲϰݣֱ˾һһɱ֡ЦԽĴǰʱ꣡
һҶЦʱòƺЩĸоˡ
ÿοָоǺԡ
⵽һʲôﰡĴģûսĵطֱһսˡҲá
׹һʱͬҲЩ
Ŀǰ֪⾳أһֻĸ򡣶ҶЦȻܹʱ֮У׷ȫһ飬˵һô
ǡͷʹ
ͷ˿Լȣ׹һ˿Ĺâ૵Цô
Ű׹ӵȣһʱ侹֪δ
Цǧȷӹɡȴھᡣ
Ϊ֪ʲô
֪ԼҵĹΪرʲôʲô
˵ȫѪᡭ
ǵľôΪ£㹫ܿÿԼҲһ
ŴǬ죬Ŵ̥ޣŴηƸ꣬ŴξһѪ׼
⼸仰ԿȥֻǺܵƽűȾ䣻
ȴ֪̺ŶôµĶ
ԼֻǴӵβſʼ湫ӣȴѾ֪̫̫ࡣ
ŴǬ죻ҪĴֶΣģͲ᣻ÿһβҪ˥һ˵ķɣ
ÿһ˱¾ļ˷ɣ
ΪЩ˻ûɢʱʢʱ򱻻ˣ
ΪЩڲӦʱȥˡⱾΥΪ
Ҫзɣ
һܷɣ
ַɣð׹ӳԾ˿ͷ
ڳܹ磽ʵͷܷ֮࣬ȻҪһεĴͷʼޡһαһθѣ


140 ֮գ֮ʱ
Ͼں쳾׵߸㱣ɽ򣬾ûʲôѶˡκˣ⡣
ʼļΣֻڳڵʱвмֻҪΪָ
һΣȴȥµĳ̶ȡ
һδͷʱ˫Ŀä֫ϣһֱʮ⾰˫ۻָжҲ˫ۻָ
һ˫ȴֱڻ޷ظһ̱֮ˣ
һ춯صΪһ˿һҲܶã
ԼҲӴпֻ֮УÿһǬ֮󣬶ζһ¿ʼ
¿ʼԼŮ˵û̫ķУȻʧȥԼΪ˵ΪȴҲٶȵûഺϾÿһζǴԼ۵ŮʱʼŮ˵ȴǲܶٿֻҪܴﵽЧͶǸ֮µ顭
˵ԼΪɵҪߣʵָҲԿܶ࣬޵һظԹжȫ֪ǻ
˵ûʲôӰ졣
ڹ˵ȴʱʱ̶̿һʹĥ
ŴΣ
ǰŴΣ
ܶʼĲݣĥݲУӶҧͦ˹Ψһ룬ֻΪر
ȴڳɹһ̣ʣرˣȴҲˡ
˷Ƹ¥һεж
ԭѾֵķƸ¥ȴΪε⣬ֳ徣һ½ƣһŰ꣬˼ƽ٣
һУֻΪһˣһ£һԸ
ӡŰ׹ӣĿˮܿˡ
׹ɫӢȫһƬ˼૵һʮǰЦĴ򡭡رʱһʮǰһʮʱѾ⼸طӦˣûرĺۼ
ʱЩԲϣꡣ
׹૵˵ţʱҳܷǿҡȫϵʱһʱѲ©ˣҲ޿ܡ
׹ӿյüġ
ʵӣܹ֪Ǹرʲô𣿡
׹üͷµš
ֵ̿ĵͷֻ롭ֻ롭
׹ӵЦḧͷҵȻ֪ᱳҡֻҪѰһᡣ
̾˿ЩãȻ˵֪ôʵҲֻ֪Ǹر󣬵ȴͲ֪νܱһʲôӡ
Ҳ֮йرϣ칬ϣҲв鿴ȴûжرκһ˿һļء
׹ӳ˵ΨһļأֻھԶ˵֮УһƬǸˣ¹һ仰
۾컯֮֮ͨϴΪһԵ˵֮ͲףΪ˫һ飡
Ŵ˺Сڣ૵֮סôĿ
ˣ׹˵Բ󣡡
Цһĵõˣܹ÷ӡôĿԳΪףʱνҲеĲ׺һڶѡ
˵ţĿ쳣ĳأЩɬˡ
ƺһĲģҪͷ塣
ΪʲôҸôļŬʱ̵ʱүȴرʧˣǰǰ󣬽Ŭʲô
Ϊһô
ҲΪ˸£
׹ӵУ仰Ѿ˺ܾúܾá
ųմغгйգֻ촽Ȼ󣬽һɼҪٶ˻ȥĪŬ˻ȥ
ϣһ˿죬򼤵ȴĪ֮ѹ֣ɵй
ֻһ˲䣬ͽȫѹȥԼָƽ޲״̬
Ȼ׹ԭͷȴҲͻȻҵɢȻֻü˿ɢҵƮ࣬ҡҷӰ֮Уһɢҷ˿ȴΪ׹Ӣ˼
ճյעŹӵĲӰһʱ侹óˡ
׹תͷŲԶְӰ˵ˡңǿкô
ճյ˵ūûкڹֻҪܹڹߣĸ֣ȻҪٶѣǣҲǸ֮µģǣҲǡ
׹̾һԼҲû뵽Ӽ뿪Ȼһ߳߾ֻŵһֻ˵һֻȸȴܹΪҽıҲǡĵ˶
ߵĵͷ۲У⣬૵һ˹Ӳǡ
ƶ֮֮㡭׹˵һܹԲôǻرٴʱ򡭡֪ԸⲻԸһͬ޸أ
ҵز˫֮УܿƵȻӿˮ
ŵŰ׹ӵסʵĿ޳
仰ǣѾȵ̫̫ˣ
ûһԼȻܹΪӵСޣֻϣȢҲãҲգԼôһֱš
ûûֻ֣ҪһֱţߵģһҲ㹻Ҹˡ
ԼԸֻ˶ѣ
ղ仰ȴһףȻ
ĵеģȴִұǷԸ
һ߱ӵеģһʧȥ
⣬ھܹӵô
ӡŶӡ̲סͶ빫ӵĻرס૵øˡֻҪ仰̾ˣһҲˡ
ᣬƬ̱ѽʪ˰׹ӵ½
ֻǣҺĲ䰡ţԹӵݣȢ칬Ҳ㹻ġҺô
׹ӻ֣סһ߽ģȴһһ˵Ȼ칬ȴαȵҵΨǲһ·߹ˣȵҵõرٲ֮գˣ֮ʱ
ңԴǻγʼֱǧΨһĳŵ
׹Ŀ˸Ĺâ֪ôô꣬Һγį
֪֪ᣬϲ༸Ҫըˣֻرס׹ӵҵĵͷ촽кķϢð׹Ӹоһ漴ĺ촽ͼƴһ㣬˰׹Ӵϡ
á
׹ḧỬͷ˫ȬˣΪԻָһˡΪްɡ˼վҪһġ


141 
ͬһ첼ҧ촽ϲĵ˵ͷ
Σı˺ܶࡣҸš
죬ȻƴֿɼδԶأҲˣһֱòرѵ˾һֱôȥô׹˵ţһֱɵͷ뵽ǹ
̾ϢҪ֪ңѾ˶ĽҪˣǿ֮࣬ȻԲҲδرȱʧǺǡ
ҧ촽ߵЦš
漴ֻ׹˵ֻҹҶЦ㼸ҪĳҲ
˵һЦȴ䱻Ťһǡ
ôڲҶЦǵյЦôƤʵ
Ȼеġ׹̹Ȼ˵жԲϵĵطʵ̫࣬ԣʱȰ¡
Բϵĵطɵʵ
ǵġһЦȻһʮȥĴ򣬵ʱ͵õرôʱôҲãôһս;ԲЦʣһʮʱ¾и֣ҲȫܣȫɱǷ˻ɱûɢ𣡡
ξǡһٶЦΪĳЩԵʶûлرܣתҶЦϣҲӦºԣԵĹٲԵĹ
е㡭ǣЦô˵Ҳһ˽ܣǿŮ߶ɫȼɫ飬Ҳģ漰֮ģȵزǵվͲŷͻˡ
׹ӳһ£ɻдڵıҪ֮ǰǼ£ҪȥĲ֤ҪŹκϸڣһҪһʧ
ҶЦЦҲȻһˣǧĪҪСĪ
׹˵
ͷ
˿̵ȫõʱ򣬶ڹӵķԸȻǲκۿ۵ġ
˵УǾУ˵ûУǾûС
ӣʵҪ֤һֱӵİ취˵
ʲô취׹΢Цţƺµİ취
ԶҶЦ֣ɱ˵һȻֱܹ棬벻ǣˡҶЦĹЦĿǰʵƷǰݶôԺգô˲ã֮󣬾ֻǸ˶ѣ
źȴ򲻿еġ׹ЦЦһǡرѾΪȻرͻٴλط⣬¡ѵҪٴظľٺķ£ǲ£ҡѾˣ
ԣҶЦá٣ǰ׶βС׹̾һʵҸϣЦرĿǰľϣҲûʲôҲ˵ˣĿǰΪͣʱԶκ¡ĿԼν£
ס
ڲ˽⵽£жѡ
Ҳ˵ҶЦǲЦ⣻ȷǣôڲɱ£Ҫνرûأ
ȻѾپ̸ȥˡ
ڽ̸
λмСݡ
ӣ쿪ʼֵ֮ǰԸǼ£ȻҾҪȥˡһҺڹߣǧҪأСġ
֪İɣȻĿǰܶñΪֻҪԼˣҲû˭ɱҡ
ţӻչ˺ԼҪҺģô
㰡ǆ£Сľǣǵȥء
ǡ
Ϊ̺˴Ȼź˯£ŻطϢ߳ȥʱ򣬽Ų죬һᣬҸĿУһֶδõ㽡
ƺѾԼŹүһЯ飬һֱؾͷ
߳⣬»þõӣȻϵĹ
졭ùʵĵԸл졭ܹڹߡ
ǽܹԶ鹫ӣԸֻ֮ͷ
ֱֱĹţϵţȻؿͷȥ
һͷ˿ڵ档
л죡

¹ַ߽ХҶ涣ӰбһƬ׾
׹ԷС
λһƿغ½˥ǧ꣬Ƹİ׹ӣ˿΢΢۾üͷӢϣȫǳ˼ء
֮ҶЦҶЦҶЦǲǣס

ڶա
ҶЦľʹ漴ǿӱޣǶȥһΣܼξҲһ˶Ǵɿ졣
죬ǻĴӣ
˾æҲҪϹȥеġ
峿ɫƵơ
⣬ĺŽѾʼϵ
һɳĺɱŽֱͣʡ
ҶЦιܼ˴ɳۣ̤峿еĽһ
յĳſر磬˼ʻˡ
ҶЦ˺ٵزֱӳš
⣡
Ŀɽ˺
ա
ȤһԽԽ󣬺ľȫһڴϿγһֱ߷衣
ϱУפѻȸ龲ţ
ʵһĨ˲䣬˶оԼ۾Ȼһ¡
ʮʿеĵǹꪣÿһ뻮һĳУͳһӳųص⣬˶оھ
쬵ĸо
ȴһ˵׳ۣ˵Ѫȡ
ܺѹѹʮգвΪΧۣԼҵĶɳһͷ׷ͷ̫̫Ҳ껪Ůٸв׶ȫ쳤ŲӣȻľӪ
ŬҪԼǣҵӣʮУܿõ壡Ȼš
˼ʣҶЦȻפڲࡣ
ҶЦĿԶһǰƣѾʮ֮˾š
ᣬûҪʲôʽ
еʽҹѾᡣ
ֻΪ˳
ǵĳ
һŽͻأػ˻һļž
漴Žǣ쳤
һֱһеıͬʱбзǰָ
ӳչ֮һ쵶תƣ
һ̣ҵ
λϣգնʹҵĶɳˣ
Ҳұ֤ճ˶ܻŻ
ܱ֤ڳʣ
Ҫҹ
Ҳܱ֤ܱ֤նսʱǰ棡˵ʱ򣬻ں棡
Ҳܱ֤˶ٷƣܹ֤ÿһ˵Ĺϣ
Ҳܱ֤սһʤ῭ҿԱ֤һս󣬲ʤܣõڲҳʵ۹
Ϊ
ʤ


142 鷳ˣ
һȡ
漴޹ģţ
㿰صĺȻ˷ͬһȻ
䣡䣡
ǲҪƺƴĳʽҪǿʱӭʽԽʢԽãڴǿһգ
Ȼں¡¡ĹԾش
ˣǹٱǰգ
𣡡
ʮͬʱĺ
ȫ彫ʿˣת¾˸оĺҲ˺ˡ
뻮һͬʱתųǳΡĳǽĿأ£ҳϡ
б£
䣡
ƬأΪһ¶һ£
ϸ𣡡
䣡
˸𣡡
䣡
¸𣡡
ͷϣ۵λϣһϮ۵Ļʵ۱£ӭں۾ųʮս
بʵ۱¾һֱվ
ĿԼӵܱɳ
䣡
ǹ¡
ţо˾ʹȭǰʩעĿ
ʵ۱Ҳж˫һµƣ
Ȼ˵˼仰
漴ߵһλ׽¿֮ͣսʤΨӢжʲܣʽ̣ʿǳվڳͷͣǿޣȻǰӭӢ۹
£££
ͬʱ캳ء
ʵ۱һӡ
һҵĴ
һ̣ͻأ
Ϊ
һ˴죬ȳ飬¿۶𣬴չʾ⣬ȷӣʽΣ
䡭
۽٣Сܸϣһ̳
ʿûκһ˻ͷ
УЩʿ棬ȴǲҲôŶ飬һǰУˮελա
ʤ
о˰գ·ϬһͻȻͬʱ
һʼ¡࣬Ѿγͳһˣ

ʤ

ʤ
һӶӵʿͬȫһĸͷҲص϶ȥ
תͷһ۵۶ͻȻһХ½𣬻аսǹָ򳤿գ
ȥҲ
£漴˺ɫ磬ȥ
ŻĶд֮ͬʱ䡭оǰ˴ز񷣡
ͷϣʵ۱¿ų´һӶ½ΣÿһλʿͷҲصĿ۶ȥɵ¶οЦ⡣
ֻǣȦȴЩԷ졣
׳գ⣬޵Ľɽ

֮ʱ
ǰӪԭڵĵط˿Ѿÿտյ
ϣûһƬֽš
ɸɾ
ԭӷʱéڣʱҲһӣȻȫסȵøһƽ
һʱ䣬ʮϤ·жЧʵ̾ΪֹεΪ׳ۣ
ȻΧ۵Ⱥȴûɢȥ
һأңŴȥķ򣬾þõվþõĿšȻ˿ѿѾ·ĴȫΣȫǿ
˴ǰϽսδʼ˿ֻ̻·н
ǣ˵־ĵĵǣֳҹߵĥȴѾڿʼ
ҲֱټԼ˵ʱǡĥֹЪ
ҶЦվϣſյĵ棬ȴһѪڲͣӿ
վǳˡ
Ըտ
ԶһҹµС¶˳ȦģȻ
ЦЦҹ±졣
ҶЦǱѾֹסˮȻֻһ˺ܴίСǿ첻ϿޣͻȻԼˣԭǿסˮʹҲ̲ס
û¡û£ҶЦһµģүһ῭
ţҹصĵ˵ͷ
һ̵ҹ£ٲյֻԵĸûʵҶ͵͵ø
ҶЦֻг̾Ϣ
ڵĻֻѪӲһʾˣˣһŮ鳤λѪҲԼӣȻӢ̣ܻôһʧ̬ɣ
ҲӰģǵġĲԸӱۡ
ʱƣ˳˷ɢȥ
һĳأôرÿ˵Ľŵס
һЩŮˣת֮߳ȴ̲סͷ
ƺѾȥˣһܹ̾ԼǰſţǼ¡
ҶЦҹڳŴþôԸʹȥ
ãͬڳͷϲȥĻʵ۱̾Ϣ૵ףһ·˳硣һҪǣ޸˵Ļ
תȥתʹ
ٹԼʱʱ䣬ˮȺɢ˷
ؼ䣬ƺٶȻָֻǿУȴΧ
޼˾֮ҲûߣվţңңؿҶЦҹ£˶ûϴչδޣɩ/Ǳ߸ոĿ͸׳϶²ܣҶﰲοǱ֣Ƕ˵ỰٹȥҲ١
ҹ½εվҶЦϣأԼ
ȴ˴˼ʸӵӰѲ
ս޲ʤҲ⣬һܹģ
ҹ¿૵߶ţһ˫۰׵С֣߬ȭͷΪңףƺڰο˵Լ
ۿɫѾҪʱ֣ҹ»ȥҶЦǰȰο֮ʡ޼λҲ˹
ڣͻȻһͻأ
ŴһӺҫس˳ȴһ꣬һͷ棬ϣ̸ۣЦ˦žžֱ죬һľֹ˵٬ſ
ڴոճ֮󲻾ãطôһˡ
ϵٱҲ¶ȷŭɫ
ôжǰӹӸ粻ҲͰˣҲû˻ϡСô˼̬֮ţʲô
ڸոճеĴԣֱ£裡
޼Ŀȵ˵ҶЦ鷳ˡ
ҶЦ̧ͷŶ鷳
Լ鷳ϣûϹ鷳챾鷳Ҳ뱻鷳ϵرӣ鷳ˣ鷳
ֻǣ鷳ʲô·أ
ҶЦʼЦҶЦķòĺİ޼ɺƽĸ͡
һ֮Ϊף֮ǻ齪ĶӣվĶӣ߻С޼һ
˺ٺһЦЩˣǵ϶ͷˡ
ҶЦԲüͷ
Ȼ鷳ˣһֺ鷳鷳
˵䣬һһŭޣƻƵԼߴ˹


143 
һòǴ˵ġ˱ǿЦһһ˫ŬطֿһŵǾǿ׳ѹ˵̧ͷǵĿɽողųǾȲˣϾǵһö˶˵ھȻʮ㡭Զ׼ʱҪһˡ
޼صؿһˣ˵ע㣬ʲô
˷˷ۣǰòǰǱߵˣΪغٺһЦ˵СȻǲһģͶˣͶˣ
޼̾˿һӵӪתƵǾٵӪ˵ʲôͶ
ٵͷܺô
òӵĲ˰ɡ
ʲôͶô
鰵ͶޣԣⲻԼô
ˣͶͰͶɣ
ţòƻǲԣ⻹Լǹ˵ģʲôʣȻô˵ôĲԣ
޼ɵĸ̣˵עĿ˵Ҷ١
ҶЦ۾ǻˣֻоеһŭĪڶ
ţҶЦգգۣţ棬ȫİΪһ˵Ρ
̫ӸܹĶӣСꡣ
˿̣ǳ޵صҶЦ
Ȼһӵ֮У֮Ѱ£ҶЦȴ¶һζЦݡ
¡λӢ̫үͲ֪ô
ղŻڳͷϵλĻʵۣһͬջԻ͵ƣٿǰһñб½ͷ治ѧļһ
ҶЦǸֳһĨмЦ
ǻҪСӦźáǵֳֻ´϶ÿ޼ţϾǱ߲Ÿոճ˿̾Ǳȵĸ̣ҲӰ̫ǵڶڳУ˳ɲǵĶ֣һա
ҶЦЦЦûнӿ˵
ȴξ֮ǰ˵һ仰ھǣӻоҾ죡
ֱ˿̲仰˼
ڻ߲ŸոճûһᣬǰһѾ͵
˫Ķͷһһǣ˳˳һǿһȻ޿ɺǣǰЩҵӵܣδҲ̫û˰ɣôҲôѰƣ治֪ûԴԴ߳ù
뵽ҶЦתͷ˿Աߵξ
ֻιܼ˫ֱۣȵϣĿ䵭ӭǼˣ֮УȻɱ˸
ȻξҶЦҪüˣȻѾǶɱ
ҶЦɣֻҪһԲϣξặȻ֣˿顣
˼䣬߰ѾˣΪ׵֮⣬ʮӣȻӴӴǵĸҶЦ߸Χм䣬ѣǿѹ˵Ĵ㾹˿ҲΡ
۳ңϵĴǣҵķҡ
޼ɣ֮Ȼ˵䣬һ˵Ͻһȥǽ㣡ֻҪʶЩԹվһ߱𶯣ǾͲ㣡
޼Цңƾô
Ŀ¶׺֮ɫ޼ɣȰ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣ㲻ҪΪүү࣬ǾͲҶˡңһᣡǵһΣ
޼ɺʾͷһһɫĵòҶһң
Ŀ¶ɫͷ޼ɣɷҵе͵ţֻǵ£ĪҪڣ
漴һָָҶЦеҶЦϽǵʣʱҪúõһˡ
һЦ˵֪ҪôأҪҹ˰ɣɻûڹ
ûڲźðܶԼˣǲǰ
Ǿǣʱ㣬ҿһԣԸˣ
棬˼аζ
мˣһ˵һ۾ҹ£ĿǴεζ
ھǣһҹҲҿһ۵ģΪĻȥҽǴҲ״֡
Ѿˣʱزˡ
˵γϾ֮ʣսδֹۣǼп׶༪١
ǾȫȻһ㣬ȻܣϽս־žͻвʺ󷽵İΣձٳ£к⣡
ϧ竾竣ǲôԶֻ뵽ܹвǵĻ뿪һȻҲͶû˹˼ɣԾΪΪˣԾ龡˵ĸһֱȴֲҸɵ顣
ҹȻ٣ȴǺųƾǵһŮɫļһȻͶΣ
ǰʱʱҶЦ鷳ҲкܴһԭȻ϶˵ʵǶܿҶЦšСδ򡯵ͷ
޲ýϽŪ˲źá
ҹСǵͨ죬ϼȻվҶЦǰŭҪʲô
һ竺ٺЦСҪ£ֻҶЦһծˣȻͻߡԲᾪŵСġ
һ˵һ´ҹ£һ˫УǾޡ
̫꣡޼ɴŭЩ
λ̫ǻĶӣŴ˵ʱǡ̫ѹӣɴȡ̫ꡣ
ȡ̫ڴˣ޽ɡ֮⡣
һߣλ̫꣬С±޽ɣҼΪɫаŮزɣ߲ܣ
λ̫һЦ˵ҵ˭ڴ˴ʴʣˣԭǻõ١ѽСС
޼Զʱ࣬˵
ëȻѲʲôܣôڴ֮ͥ½˰ȴĵĵһΡ
һʱ䣬Ѿ̫޵˹ͷûһʱ侹ԡ
˺ٺЦĶӣȻţƣǳʵ۹һ̰ٵһү֣˵޳ܾҲķ緶ƨƨ
齪˵ʵ۹еĹԱл֮ƣֻСν˵ƹ⣬ŹҾ˵˽ƣ
ȻҲ̰ƵӼ̰ߣ֮Ǿˣң˵ױźʵۡ
Իʵ۶Դ˵̬һֻ۱һֻֻۣÿһʱ䣬һʺݺݵķûһӣٸһʱ䣬ֺݺݵطһΡ
һص˲ţǺܹ滻ģ֮λǳʻʵ۵һ˽⣻ѣ䶼֪طʱˡ
Ҳȷίʵ˵ãһδεıҵʱܹٴξɽƫƫǲ֪ڸģԾԾ̰ߣֱ𸴡
ʮ侹ǲظĹǳʵ۹ٳϵһö


144 һ֣
ˣɣ̫Ŀ¶׹⣬ˣڶ֪ǻˣȻǰҫһѶӵͿʼŪ㣬ŪǣģӾ׻죡
ԲȻŭҪǰȭ
ֻһߵҶЦ˵ˡ
ҶЦһֵ˵ˣαظ˼ƽϣʵղǾ仰ίʵ˵ˣ˼ҷ𣡡
ȻҴˣˣ
̫Ҳһ㶣ȴΪҶЦԼһǿ׳ֺԼϧﷴ㲻ȻǴҶЦԼԶ
ȴҶЦһ˵ѵ֪ǽ̫ꣿ
ⷽǻúܣ֪⣬⣺ôˣѵ˵
֮УѾ˳ԳԵЦ
ҶЦһĳ֣ôƺȻǿԵģôƺɲǲԣ㵱ڽ˰̣˼Ҳ߳ŭ
˵Ϊɶأ
ҶЦɵѵľԴô㶼֪ʵǸ̫ôСźʵ۱µģ
۾˵¶̫ɶϵأ
ҶЦɸֵľԴ̫࣬жô
˻Ȼ漴ȴƵ԰Լ̫࣬ôжأš˵ʵǱģģǵţרŸٻ˼ҽҽŮô˵أ
ҶЦָͷ˵ĶͷҧľԴôתأ˵ô
˳װɵͷҿɺͿˣ㵽ɶ˼ǣǸǵģԴ㲻ľģҲˡ
ҶЦ̾һˣҾ͸ɵ˵˰ɣ̫꣬ȻģǽˣǸ̫࣬˰ɣ˵Ĳ̫ܽ꣬˭֪Ӧɶ̫꣬ڽ˰̣ţܲ㼱ô
ˡඥһһӴˣ˵ʵñӣԼ֪ģһ̫꣬Ϊڷľôһ˵
ҶЦһˣզɶʵϹ˵أ⻰ɲ˵۵һ˭ɲۻ齪ˣҲ֪ղ˵Щ֮֮ﱻˣȻԼ⣬ͺʺԼóţǹͰһڣΣ
ԭˣǸղȷʵҵĲˣѹ˳ŭȻð󲻻ҵȻϣпԭҾΪѵ½һΰɣԭͷһˣҺܿͬĵС
һһͣһװɵ㶣һѭѭյĽ͡һ֮£ôˡ
˾Ȼܺߣһȣм֮˼ƽϵӣ
˲ʱ֮䣬ȺвЦñס˶ӡ
竣Ȼ󡢽̫һߣҲһӣԳһ񣬴˿ôȤ飬ܲЦ
׵ȴǣЦ֮˾ȻڣҶЦĻ۵ף̾竵ģʽԼģ
̫һĨ˷۵кשףɰת࣬תϣϱڣֱӾת˹׺ڣ촽ֱӾûɫˣ˵
ð֮󡪡
ҶЦˡҲʮ˴ġ̫ƿڴʲôĻҲ˳
ܼξĿ
̫Ŀ⣬ͬһʬ塣֮ͥ²ɱ㣬Ҫ㣬Ѵ֮
ҶЦĿһˣ֪ɶܻô
һ˽˵ӣ֪ˣ֪ˣνۼΪʵһȷʵʵ֪
ҶЦֺٺһЦ˵̫ղ˵Ҫɶʮ˴ȴûģ
˺ȻǲϢĸƽϣ
ҶЦҡҡͷŵˣҪɶʮ˴Ϊ֪ʮ˴˭бûǱģ
˲⻰ô˵أĸҲ֪鲻
ҶЦһӲɽ̵ɵ˵ֻ˵Ҫɶʮ˴˼ҽʲôϵô׵֪һʲôô㶼֪ɶ˼ң
˼װɵҲ֪ѵ֪
Ҳ֪ҶЦҡͷҲ֪ô֪ԣֻǰˣģ
һĿ˵԰㽪鲻֪϶֪ɡ
ҶЦׯϵ˵ΪǣҸ㣬ʲôʵҲǲ֪ģ
ɶԲۣ˷´½һ趼֪ôôһ֡ɶأ
´ڼеԵҶЦ䵭ĿŽ̫꣬˵갡й֮ɶҪڽӴȴֲ붪ۣŪ˾֪ǾڸпһѧӵѵѧԺ
ŶѧѵǺ°°¡̫ʲôϵأץòƷѽòˡ
ǺǡЩѧӰһǳú˧ͦε֡ţҲ˵˼լѧԺֻտСˣ֪ΪʲôôҶЦζʵ
һԺҶ磬ֱ˵˵ɱҲˣˡ
ҶЦͷƣʵҲͦƵġΪѧԺһͿ˰֮ͻȻرˡ
˵رˣѵЩѧǶˣйˣ
ҲҲҶЦҡҡͷഫѧԺһͻߣһٶλѧӾڷһҹ֮䣬ȫһغˡ
Ȼôֲߣ˿ŵľһôὴϣ
ҶЦ˵ʵ˵˼࣬ţլǰδеĿռߣһٶѧӾøɸɾԼȴСèҲûһֻ
ݿҲţˣ̫ϬˣһĴָ
Ȼһ֮ǡҶЦһƵ˵ǳ֮ϲѶѽ˵ӣϲˡ
˵ɴ۾Բۡ
˵ʲôݣҶЦŭʲô£ֵõ㣿ʲô֤ݣ
˵ͷҴˡҿ֤ǾԲҵ֣ʱӦûûءûôǿ
ǣǵԺҪ˵ǻ鷳ġһٶ˶ôҶЦѵѵҲߣ
Դһ־壺Ҳ룬Ҵˣң治Ұ
ԹҶЦܽ˵Ϊֹλ̫ꡭţȳƺǽ̫ˡţλ̫һǧ֮գ


145 Σ
ҶЦЦţһ֮գ֪˭裬Ҳǲ֪˭Ρ
ȻȻģҲ͸Ӳ֪ʲôˣô˵İɣ޼סЦһ޼ˬ
֪ҶЦŪһΪԼ
ȻҶЦ˵ίʵһʵʵȴҲû˸˵ġ
ԭˣ˴˼ʾǽ⿪һظĵˡǴǧ治С
ȻûĻúءҶЦһ־Цš
һһ㲻⡣޼ü˵
Ҷˣզʲôأòƺܲĵ
׵ǣȻһٶ˶ǿ˧磬һô˾˲Ѳģ޼һ̵ı顣
ҶЦָѵ޼ɰ۲Ǻްϸλ̫깫ӣüһ飬ǣ۾ҲÿҲÿҲÿҲÿüëҲÿֻЩÿĶȫƴһȴе㲻أȻֲĵĺÿŴ˺ܶ˵ġӢġɶǡһͲôпˡײ
ҶЦ˵ô˵ɣһ˺˵װܺÿôû˺֮ǰӢװ֮أ
޼óϷŶԭˣǼȴǳԵĵȻǳ֮С
˵ҪѧͨˣҲˣҶЦѵô˵ŵһ𣬾һӻ⣡ԣ־ͳһӡ̫ˣ
˵˰죬˽ۣƫƫһﻹǸ޵ģȴͲ룬ԼһôĶΪ˼ôſ񣬿ް
ҳˣ˭⡭˵òƻ˭Ҳ֪⣬үҪüͷķֱ治
ҪĹյĻڸ㲻ǿ¡־̫ˡ޼죺һٶ϶üϰԺǩҪˡ
޼ҶЦ˻ξЦ
һߣһȻ̫һģҲЦöᡣ
ҶЦ˵£ȴǵ£ңٶλӵļˣǺǷشһ
һΣ㱻ʵֱӳ壬ʱϻʵۻλ֪ΪӲǱס˽һ
ֻԼ鴦áΪƽ£ǽֱҵլӶѺˣֵǮǽ¸ѹȥ
ҲǴֱ֮Ӽӵλ鰮ƴƵԸ
ô˵£վǱ˳ȥǧ£ôһ©
ԣλ̫˵ʵ۹ٷĳţ
ֻǺŽȨԽԽأȨƲĲᣬȨ㹻ֲмᣬҲдš
ֻǣȴҾˡ
ҶЦõļһ֮Ի֪£Ҳξĵʱ򣬵Ц߸ҶЦģȴĳ֮ӵز
ҶЦҲǽ˽˰̵ˣһὪ̫ڴʱͳ鷳С˵־ίʵ˿ߣһȻҹ£ҶЦŭɣȴͽ޼˰̣ϻȴ֮ͥ£
޼ɵʱ
׻˵úã˱˱Ҷ̡Ȼ㽪̫ô޹˼ɵˣôͲҪֱҲҿǼǵĳţ
˭ܣ
˺֮
޼ɹȻмģԼ޹أǼȴɥ˷ָܣ
̫һֱţɫֺ࣬ڣȴȴһ仰Ҳ˵¾ʣ²ˣжðѪȴһҲܶ
ԴˣҶЦ֪ǹܼԼ˵ʱ򣬾ԸΪн˽̫˵ж
ȻˣȻҪһףԷκηأ
罭ԵȻˣǾ͸ɴﵽףݺˡ
ҶЦĳƪ˵ˣξǱҲʱطſ˶Խ̫Ŀơ
̫ꡰۡһһ䣬漴ۡһ³һѪ漴ͷ״ҶЦ˹ҶЦԲ㡭
δ䣬ͿҶЦòޣһӣžһ漴
ƶ켣Ӱڳòƶûп
һɼķȴ˶Ĥˣ
ۣ
󣬽̫ڵǱķסʲҽУڵϲͣĹȥȴǱҶЦһӾʹϳ
һӳÿǼݵģ
̫ϡãҲǶĵš
ҶЦǰһӳȥ䵭˵һ֣ʲôʸңղŲΪǿ֮пɺ֮ɻ߽ڣĿɺȴĿ˷ָ
仰˵ļΪᡣ
ҶЦϣҲһûаӡ
ûɱûֻһƬĮ
̫ǱǲҽδҶЦһӳȥ
֮ǰӴ˴ƽϣ˰ɣ
žһӡ
˵Լʲô֪⣬Ȼ˼лһ࣬ⱲעҲûʲôϢˣӽĴˣšޣԳӣǶԱӵ£
ǸϽȪظȥЩӰɣ
ҶЦһӣһӣžž졣
֮䣬ѪĽĿѪȣ
˿ò
λ򱱴󽫾ĹӣȻڴ֮ͥ䣬Ŀ֮£ԻĹ֣ȫûй˼кƣ޷Ű赽˼°
ҶЦȻͦʹ죬ĵȴҲûҪھʹ
Ͼǳ⡣
Ŀ
ɱԼҪԹ˾ȻԼ£鷳
Ҳвİ취һƤ֮࣬ǿ϶Ҫеġ
ס֣ڻعûֹҶЦٴĴˣҶЦе𣿡
ղҶЦڿཪ̫꣬ΪһеͷˣֹֻЦĸ⻶竱Կɼһߡ
ֱ˿̲ҪֹҲ³ǣԼ
ΡҶЦһ˵һһӣѵӻøֳɣ
˵꣬ôһٶλӾôˣϢ˭Ϊǳˣ
ҶЦбۣĿ󣬵ֻһ͸˲ѵҵ۱򱱴󽫾Ȼһ飿ҾĴأ
˭ܶ˵һʲôҶЦ˵Ǵһֶѣ


146 
ȨƣҶеģƽϣǲңǲмҶЦ֣ͣƵǰ΢Ц󣬾ͬүү࣬ҵ򱱴󽫾ֵıϵ顭Բԣ
ȻҶع򣬱˴һһһ֣˴ţȻνҶЦȻͷ۾Ŀ󣬵ǡ˭ҪóȨѹˣô⳽ʵ۹ҶҵȨƣ˭¹˭Ҫ˭
Ŀ֮£ظеһëȻԾغһɫ˵ҶЦΪ˭㲻Ҫ̫֣
ҹ֣ǹ֣ҶЦЦˣһϰߣԼĻƢ
۾Ӷ漸һɨӹȥ˵ǡѪѪȨѹңҾ͸ֶͬλȥҲ֣ô
ͷҲأָָڰĽ̫꣺һǻ֣⣬òƲѧǸ˾ͻɣ
ûеµߵʱ򡭡ҿԸӵûС
ѿ죬¶ѩ׵ݣЦЦʵҽ̫У㲻²£ҸҲҰҲӣʹĲһѣҸǲң
ŵϵĽ̫ޱȵӣɵľŭҲ£
仰¶ʾζѾԶ׼ڵĵز
Щ竴ĻǣһһߣΨλүԼ
﹫Ӹ߲ף֪
ΪߣȴôܸоξɢΣζ
ξ˿Ȼô˿˸˵ĸоȴһܹնĴ󵶣ݣɱڣ
Ҳ֪ξЩӸ¶ֻ֣ҪҶͻΪʬ壡
ΪɱȫҪκΣǵݣԽǾ·ϣ治
ξΪɱ֮
һߵ޼ɺˣҶЦ˼ȴȫ𺳡
û뵽ҶЦȻôһ档
ܺľĵز
ǣͬʱҲһȻԭƣ
֮ǰ鷳Ұڼҽ̣˼ɣõĲõĶˣԸ鷳ԲöǼһԽԽš
ˣȻǿûй˼ɣôԼαʲô˼ɣһζıãֻԷ棡
Ƿ˴˻ǲƨɣѵǷ˴Ҫȥͷô
Ҷǹټӵܣλ߻ԼһЩαع˼ô࣬ϣ˭˭
ҪɣǾ͸£
ֵҲܾ˶ѡ
ҳԿҲռ˱ˣ
ξҶЦǴοֶӣȻǴĶӣ
£⼫ˣ̫ʹˡ
һЩҪֻҪһ˰
ٺ١ڿҶЦֻŵĹ˷֣ȴа˰ӣ
Ȼ޷һЩξ¶Цݣ૵ӾϲƢϲĵ
ȷϣЩһﴳģЩˣҲȷξĬĬ˵С쵰ƢǴЩ͹£һ
ȷţһ֮ǰ˵̫ǵ̫һˡòƲǿЦġ
뵽һڼΪξҲ˸ĵԸ¶ܲǲҪĺáҪȻˣȻˣҲʲôġ
һ竰ΧУҶЦҹ䣬Ǳ˰Χţܵ˭ǰ˭һֵ̿ĸϽ㵽һߡ
ͬһħΨֱ֮
ǰǡˡ棬˿ѾȻ޴棬˾⣡
ҶЦ㣬عһȦ΢Цؿ޼ɣԸåҪåֶΡûõġ
޼ͷĴָͶصߣʵǸߣĸߣ
ҶЦͷ󣬵Ҫʲôô
ﲻһŵĹӸѪĳ棿ഽףȴǿţ׳ŵ˵ҶЦ㲻Ҫ⣡£ǲ꣡
ҶЦȤЦˣһƨɣһڿСžһ˵ꣿҵ㣡ߣһҹһУսֱֱһ˳˹ȥһ˿Ц
״һæ
ҶЦȻôˣȺ֮УֱӺֱײĳ˳ȥûһ˸һ£
һ鸴
ڵѪģĽ̫ԾڰţţһǵĵΡ
ҶЦһһ˳ȦӣҶЦͣսͷҲأ˵һ£Ժ˭Ҫٶδ޷۹⣬ϵĽ̫꣬ǰ
˵գδͷôһӣžһѽȺС˳
Сҽһһ޺۴ӶͷһֱȥСƤĿˡ
ҶЦҲǰɣ
ЦһҾʹ
һУȵݣ
˻һõöȥ
Ƭ̣ҶЦһˣѾ˳ţʧӰ
ϣԭֻһڷҽУڣȴֶһСꡣ
һؾţһɫɷף߿ŵϷˣ߿ҶЦȥķһȻǲĴ˼¡
⡭ǰҶЦ
ôôˣ
˶ߵûӰˣعƴߵļһȺǵľͷ׮ӵģұ۸ǾȻôĿţһȺǣ̣ʳ
һͷѵֹ˵úǵˣͱˣȵֻҪҡ
ǻŻԼˣΪˣһҲͶö¹˭
ô˲ӣϸƤͰ㵱öүˡ
ԽԽǽ춪˴˵ǻˡ˵Ļģ쵰ȻڹؼʱһԡƽﲻһקøƵôô浽˹ؼʱ̣һĶϡ
ȥɫԽԽ૵ҶЦңҾƲưոݵģŰɣ
һۼȵҶЦԶˣſʼĴʴʣ̾ݻÿ˶пһֱҶЦЩԡȷô
ǻ콭ϴҸȭͷӲء
ڿôҲҶЦȭͷӲɡ


147 ˻
֮ǰһֱжϰˣҪתǹڣòһʱ仹棬죬ܵý㽻岻ǣԡʱǹ˵ɣ
ҶЦҹ˵һسǣһ·²أڸղŴɱķٵĿеУȻ˹˿˸߲ңй񫡣޼ȴһֱĬ˼
˻ſڣ޼̾˿Ҷ֣ˡ
ҶЦ㼴ȥټ
Ҳû˵ʲôôûͷûβһ仰֮࣬ˡ
˲Ƶ˵ɶˣ˵⻰ʲô˼գ
ҶЦ˷ۣˣ㲻ôⶼѾ˻ˣȻ͸лؼˡҲСţ˳㿴
ҲǻȻ򣬵ԭˣҲˡ
Ҫ޼һȥ
ȴҶЦһסԵȻᣬͷˣ
˵ЦЦҵķ˵ãѾȫˣʼͷˣǽһںŨܣ¸¸¡ٹ죬ȫûһۼʱһժñӣҵոòֳ徣Ӣƥ󳹵ǣ̾漣ĪڴˡЦЦ׼ΪҼаɡ
ҶЦ̾һסһ󡭡߰ɡ
ĴЦȥ
ҹԲԲĴ۾ҶЦʵЦЦ޼ʲôˣ׵ģ׵Ǹô
ҶЦǺǡˡȻעǵˣô˴ȻεĲֶҲ⡣˶٣޼˵ҪĺҪ
ҹƶǶġŶһ
仰ʵЩ󶮣ȻȫˣҲ֪޼ɽһˣ̺ʲôľСѾͷȻ̫һǣ˵ЦЦóȻֽǴǸӣֻ»кܶ鷳ɡǵĸ϶ưոݣӦ
ҶЦСԴ΢ЦĺˡҾԲµġ⼸úõĸףõˣҵһˡ
˼һ£ֵϽս֣ҲǱߣÿһ춼зɸ봫ϢҷſģԲκⷢġ
ҹºһᣬЦЦΪɶǰû㾹ȻôءڸоˣֻҪߣͲþź£ܳŵס
˵˵ţСͻǵͨ죬ͷһŤСҴҽȥˡ

ҶЦڻ˵һỰξ뿪
߳ξ˵֮µĴʹʹˡֻǣȴҲЩ˵˲𡣴ʱµʱҵ䲻ھвߣϣȻᱻ´ٷˣ׼Ӧô
ҶЦϣؿǰ½棬¼ȻڵѵɣδزǾݣ߲ŸոճЩϺȵļһȲʼ䱻УһɨЩ֮ǣһڲͿԴ󻺽⣬٣ҷľĲ´ڲ߽⣡
ý£þھ׷һΣ򣬼Ҷ𣡡
ҶЦ˵
ξüͷ˵Ĵ˵򵥣ҪȻµȣÿ˵൱Ĺˡ˸ˡ
ҶЦ΢Ц£Ϳϵˡ
ξգգۣ˵壬㶮ôġ
ξȴһͷˮ֪СӺ«ʲôҩķһ䣺֪ô
ҶЦѾ˵ȻԼܼ飬ɵʲôأ
ξ˼֮ʣͻȻһһеͷð˳һ򣬾ֻõó֣ҪԾͽ糯ᵯЦЦǰԱһԶȫɱˣҹͣĸһأӦÿԸϵüղ˳Ҷѹǻʵ϶ҲΣţЦСӵ뷨־ˣҪô˵Լϵ
ξһ˼֮£ֻԽԽԣ죬ɱ磬ֵν޷еø˳ΰȺʱ򣬽õõãѾصҶǰ
ǰȻѾۼ˲ˡ
ҵˣҵˣฮˡ
ȻԼҹ۸꣬Щ׼鷳ˡ
ȻֱӶ֣ȴҪʵҶЦԱ糯ʱһһ
ξһɱ㣬ֻ㣬ҹ϶ҪȥɱˣҪעʲôءЩ̫ɶ񣬸ҪǾһˡ
ʱ򡭡
ϡһֱû˵ҶЦͻأشһ漴һѪ˳˴ֱͦͦˤ
žߴһʵûݵˤڵϣɲʱѻԲѣƺͻȻû˹ͷ֧һ㣬ֳһơ
ͺһ̯ͻȻˤ˼Ӳĵϡ
ǡ˶һ㡣
ξ״һΪҶЦʲô˵İ㣬־Σңû޴״ǰõȴҲǳԾС֪ô¡
غãڿҶЦǰۣһǷǣȴû뵽ͻȻɫɷףҡҡλΣ漴ʹˤˤǽһʵҲûС
ô£
˼ȽĲ뵽˵ҶЦȻǸаŮĺɫ֮ͽȴǵС£ŪộǳһʱѪۿʵʦǱŵû겻壬ˤʮа˾žˣ
ξһһѱҶЦȴо¾ƺȫȻû˹ͷ֧һ㣬ĸоЩԶûˣŴʧɫʧеЦЦôˣ
һʵ⣬ίʵǵҶЦ״Ǽ١
ȴеҶЦͻأ۾Լգһգ˵Ƥζ漴ֽնĿһ²֪ӡ
ξ״һλүŪһһʱ侹֪ʲôӦζ
ңűҶЦ˵ѵˡƣ
ξʱȻԭҶЦеĺֶд֣²Ϊ
ԱܻһܽƷǴˣôô桭
ͬʱҲ˸ղҶЦǾ䡰£Ϳϵˡ⣡
Ҵ磬ǿ϶Ǹģӣƺðɣ
ҴҲͬͺúùĳϷɣ
ιܼһʱ棬һ𣺡ӣôˣӡ
ҶЦԴɴòѾ׵ءԡ˹ȥ
ξһʧļţֽŲ£ͻȻȺߴһ˭˭µ֣عȫͷˡ


148 ڹ˱
һҶǴ󾪣һļʱȺӿ
ξֻǽУǧҪŲүȫͷˣһҪ£񻯣˰
ҸӲһЩĶŰ塭ԣ졭
һĴߴ١
ԱߣһЦͷˣôǲˣղŷö˶˵ôһǾͻȻȫͷˡϻȴɵ飬װҲѰõĽڰɡ
ξԳŭվһѾס½ɷԵ۾Ϲ˲ɣʵͰǰӻ˵ƨһӺúƣݣ쵰˰
ȴξɱڶмɣȴǸܼңȻְλξһ㣬ʵǸͨˣסξǧɱֽ֮вɱֿɱ
һţɷһ֮£ֱӷ˷ۡ˹ȥ
ޣһĻɫξ˿ĭһŽǹܼ˳ȥڵģǸ
ôһĸ֮˼ξɷһʱ侹ǰ
ҶѪ˿ж˴Ӹһүڵ֪ܼξϴһŭڵӣʱһŭʮͬʱʣ
ʱϬһƬѩ
ʮ˫۾׺ضŸЩˣɱ¶
ʱֻξһ£Ҫ˲佫һﾡ⽴
Уӳǰһ֣ϴɣǽһҵʬΪӱ𣡡
ξкǺһ¡
ôģһȻһ񡭡
ҶЦڵǱ˰ӣξԲаԥֱǰȫɰڡ
ȴǡξԼ֪ϷѾ
ԣеĶȣҪһˣ
԰꣡ξȾȹҪЩ˵ʲôʱȡС
׳̧Űξһӣһɵɫ֣ҶЦӻӵȫƣȫȫûа仯ƮطõŰ嵣ϡ
ʱҲ׷׿һ
Ϊ˲𣬿ɲ˵˾˵ģǿûء
ξҲǿһҶЦƣЩҲΪ׵ģ˹һ£óһȾ˵ĽȻҾʹ
ϣ顭
ҵģǺεصư
״ֺֹξ˵ġͷˡô򵥣
ֱӾǹͷû˰
Щмʶģ뵽ҶЦողŻ£˿ȴͻȻ⸱ģѾǸ֡
ƣ
֮£˻ƣòƾҲûеڶֹܹƣôԵж
һˣҲסˣ
Ǵʦģǡ
ȴôʦ
һĴľ
ξ۾һ㿴Щˣ˵Ҽҹǰȥͻүأһ·ƽ£ޱʣΨкǼҵСǳͻһ󣬾ͻȻӡ
Ŀ⣬Уǳĳޣ
һܼģ˸Ц˵֡
˭֣ƾҲҳֵܣξ˵ҼүиôߣЩˣһͳͳܲˣ
ֻһпࡣ
ôô°
λܼЦ˵ιܼңίʵЩ޹ذΪǿοҶүεˣĹŹ᲻֮ǰͱ֣ƣƺѾʧõĻơ
Цһ˵ֶΣฮǾûȸѽ
仰ҵŭôģ·ฮͷŸȻǼժˣ
Ǽûȸ֣ѵǼҾвɣ
ǻʧ˲֪ˣǼҪĸ֣Ҫʲôô
Ǻһʱ׷˵ǼҲûĸְιܼġ
ôС
ξͷһ֣ȵס죡µģǼ
˱ס죬ŭǼҲˣǼϾҪˣģҶܼҵ
ξһָͷฮܼҶͷϣúݺݵһ£漴һָͷһָͷĵȥһߴǼĸӹʹҲ¸ǣҼүҪʲộҲǲǼҸɵģûǣǼһҲܲ˵ģһĶøүᣡ
ֵתһʿȵһŸʲôϽɸ봫飬֪ͨ󽫾Ͻܻüүһ棡ץץ
漴תͷЩˣģôѵȾƣ
ŵŵˣͷȥһзݣΪ¼ݻ˲ˣΪ˭Ǽ᣿ȾƣǻȥͺȾƣףƣģףҾͿҪɥˣ
漴ͼĻؼȥ
һбһιܼҵĿ˵δܳ棬Ҷҷɸ봫֪ͨȴȻ١
Ҷ󽫾ǵˣ֪ԼЩ˼ҽӸӡ
ô»
ǿɲһǵﰡ
ȻһϷϣÿһжҶЦһͻȻֹŹƣʮа˾žԼЩϰĺ¡
Ϊӳǰ˵ˣΣȥҶЦȥ
Գ磬Ϊ֣
οִˡ

ҶЦ˴ΣϢʱȻֻСΧȴڵһʱ֪ˡ
Ŀ첽߽̫鷿̫үд֣ȫעЦطӣôʱ䵽鷿ӣ
Ĺţѹ˵ҶЦĻˡˡ
̫־һһīֽ֭ϡ
ȻתͷŹģȷʵ
ȷʵĳصͷ
̫үɫתΪص˼һ£ȻˣǱҪһ׼һҶð󲻻䡭
΢Цʥа黤ӣ̫ӵ£ѾǱ˺ڹˣ̫ӵ¿ɸӣ
̫Ӷʱ־ϲ棿Է˭
漴һƨϣյ˵ô£½
˼̫пνĻŭţҶ˳֧ʼղԸ鸽ԼԼγϣ֮ΪУ
ҶκһλӣԼȻΪҲԶãֻԼϴλҶԻЧԼ
ϣԼڣδؿԶҡҶ֮Ψһȴ⣬ҶЦ
ԼһҪʵĽϼ壬ȴƫƫӽ²𣬱Ҫ֮죬ԼȨ֮£ھ֣ȴֹҶϵķˣվԻֶڶ壬ϣͼҡ


149 ̣ս
̫ӵͬһʧȥΨһӵĸף˼ܴࣿἫ±϶ĳȫɵҶӵʵ̫δ£
Ե¼̫֮ӵѾд⣬ƶ˶ԲߣʵڲУͽƳȥˡ
ûа취ʱİ취
˿ͻȻ˵תβϲ
ǿĴ˿̵ɫ̫Ѿ֪Ǽתȫǣ̫ӸҪȻĲɡ
˵Ҷη壬ֻ»ҪԼ֮ϣϾǵ֮ˣҶҲǲŹһˣ
ͬĻһЦŵ˵ɣճΪŮҶЦȻǰȥУڴ֮ҶЦҪس֮ʣฮ󣬻齪Ķӽ̫껹վĶӵһǣҪҶЦ˵鷳
̫Ƕʱֳһ˿ƲסЦ⣬漴нĶڣǸֽ̫ô
֪̫ӵǳãҪȻôҲô˵ǸʲôᣬʲôУȴ蹷һҧ˵ֽ̫ꡣ
̫üͷţЩΰɣ⼸һôóȻȥҶЦ˵鷳
ĸ΢Ц竵ʵҵ޷¶ȵģķ󽫾һڴ֮ǰһ򾩳ǣԣǵôҲ̫֣ҶЦ۸˺üΡ
ڣ뿪ˣһȺףһɢɳľ棬˾뵽ᣬҶЦ˵ˣأ˿գ̫һ͸
ˡҪǣȻɵʲô飬ҵĴҲһֻ۱һֻۣײȥᡣϾҶԳݣֻҪֵò̫֣Ҳôˡƨɶѡ˵
̫ЦЦ˵
һＯһȥҶЦ鷳ȴҶЦͻȻһ١̫ӵ£ҶЦȻҲǸ竣ϵΪȴ治滨٣м裬һ֣Ϸ͸оˡ
̫ӵͷ
һȻҶЦĶ֣ҶЦĶӴ˸ѪģȻСϺݺݴһޡϷǰȥӹһӴίʵݡСǽҲмӴ֮ȴһˡ
˵
СꡭǺǡ̫Ӳ۲˵С꣬ΰŪǷǣ֪ˣȴҲܵѵˡ춼һЩʲô˻һҲ˵ܹܣ˵Ķ̫Ӹ档
ǡȷʵЩ񻰡ĵҶЦ֮ﳤȥȴڼصҶʱ򣬾ҶǰͻȻˤɲɾǸʱͻȻˣͷһ̯࣡ɵǣ˿Ҷǰۼʦĸˣ
̫ү̾ϢһƺЩε˵ϧһӢ˲ӢĴ갡
ĿһסҪۼӸ̵ĳ嶯ϧָʹҸɵģҲ⣬ǱҺþõġ
è޺Ӽٴȱ
ӻҪƷ
ʱզ˵ϧ
ӱôл᲻ʲô©أ̫ʵ
Ʋᣬ˾ӣ֮˱֮ǰȫһǹͷ࣡˵Ȼ˱ʱϷƵķʱǰһʱ䡭һ̫ԵʣҲ֮ǰѼ鱨ҶЦССʼ
̫΢Ц˵һʱ䣬ǰ̫ˣ˰
֮Ц
иӴɵأҶĹܼξҲһ֣ӦöԻһ˽⣬ܿȷҶЦ˻ƣȴֲȫ˽⻯ƵԣֻΪǵʱڳµ֣ǰȥѰչ𲢣Ȼȥ˼ãȫȻꡭ٣ҶѾҶ󽫾˷ɸ봫ˡ
ص˵ξѾĿȫ׼ǼˣΨһһǣиˣ֪ϤƵӻЧҶ췵֮Ҳչ顭֮ǰȴһλʱ䣬ֻҪʱ̫ӵҵ˼
̫صĵͷ벻·תǴúãսֱ㼫пǲҶ𣬷пջһǿԮ£Ȼңʥа
վ鷿ⲽ˵Ҫ빬󸸻ҽǰҶңΪҶЦΣʹ乶ӲҶ츸ټһĻᡣ
ɫ˵˾ٴƣ
ҽΣһȷҶЦƣҲ׵ʵ˹ĵĹͣȥ̫ӵĲһܽҶңҶһ顣
һǰȥ̽ҶЦ̫˵ӼȻҪ͸㣡
ˡġ
Ҫԡ齪ۣ˶ǸʵˣǼӲԴɫǰѳųֲٿ⼸Ҫţµ˶岻ȥ񲿣϶ˡ
ЩˣĶͷȻҲǴӲǼӵ飬ϣȴǲò֣ǽ⼸ˣľࡣ
ֻҪҪƲԽһҪ顣̫Ŀž⣺֮⣬ȥҶЦľٶؾǵľ˵ҲһźšǾǣ׽ԾΪչˡһ㣬ҲҪ
벻һεʣȻһٶõ£˵̫ӵ¹Ȼǻ۹ˣֻ֮䣬Ѷδ´ơ
̫ӹЦ˵²˳٣߼̽ȥʣ
˵žվ
̫Ӵһ·˳硣ʩˣĸ졣
Ȼ̫֮ǰһٳŵȻȫӻģȴ֪ԼҶЦһ¶ĻҪ˵̫ӣǻʵ۱ҲסԼ
ȴȫûĹǣ
кڹǼȫе˹ȥ
ڣӦôż֪竲űȽϺðΪܹϣ鷢ʱ͸¶
е֮࣬ǽǿķŻ˶
һλݺ޵еҶ󽫾Ŀ⣬ܲע⵽ͷ˰ɡ

ʹʵ۱¿սüͷ壡
Ͻ漱ѾǰȥԮϽչƵĳ۹֮⣬Ͻߴ
˵ǳˮһĹƣͣϽһսݣ㻪ܹʱϵսҲδضֹۣ
ǰŸߣִµս۹棬۹ͻȻٽ˶ʮıǿѹǰߣ


150 ȸ״
󽫾⹦ҷɸ봫飬ͨս顣ʱȻûʲô̫ӵ֣Ծܹо⹦ǱӦ÷ǳࡣ
⣬˰ӼսҲѾ·ϡ
⻹ꡣ
棬򱱴󽫾Ҷ챾׼һʱ䣬򱱾һֻҶ󽫾ҲҪؾһˡ
ԭǷͻȻۼʮϹʮֳ񹥻פ
Ǻ򱱾սҲڴʱȻ˻ʵ۱µİͷ
ңսϵϢǺϢ
ȻֻҶһ仰֮ĿĿԭǼȻţôԾڴһս֮Уһݣ󻼣Ϊ³ն֮ǣ
Ҷ󽫾
ƾݰģκ˶ȲϵģڵǰƣһǶǿ롣
ʵ۱ҲΨڿһսʱв¶ο֮⣬૵ȿɱҲίʵֻҶ˵ó
һᣬЦЦҿ޻Ҷ죡ֻҪҶ컹ڣɽ޵Ľɽȴġ
Ҷͳʵ򱱾սŸոտ꣬һս
۹棬󽫾ŭս棬۹ͻȻٳ±񣬴սһ
Ŀǰƣ۹˲ʮĴĿǰԴԴϵĳ
̬ƣ϶ûпֻ𹥣
ؼģͳ󽫣Ȼ۹Ѿѩûгֵİսսǧɽ
ŭгǴսȻƴսˣսǧɽԳ֣δΨսɳʱ䣬Ӧ׼иУԮδӣսһʰ
ⲻ˵ԲսǧɽĶֻ֣ӦзӣԮҪȻƿǰ
ʵ֮⣬ڱ棬۹ĿǰѾʮȴڳʵ۹פıֻйŭʮˣ˫⡣
Ҫӳʵ۹ԮĻȵϵôҲҪٶʮʱ䡭
ʮֻᷢʲô飬ǿɶԤϲ顣
һԿ϶۹սսǧɽԲŹĴûᣡ
ԣһ棬Ʊ滹Ҫţʱܱ
սֻҪսǧɽս߱Ȼɻնӭս϶ַĴ˼ʮ꣬ʼûֳܷӮʤͣ
ڡȴѾʾԮϽ
۹սǧɽȴͻȻʱ֣˱ǿƳ
ʢһʱĳʵ۹Ȼڼ̵ʱܵеն񾳿֮У
ʵ۱¿ķսɵ
ʷ״˶ӡΣľƵУ
۹±˧棬Ǻų۹ľһˣ˽ģ۹սսǧɽģΪײеĲԭʮ֣УԺΪףҲŲ֮ƣڡ
ʵüͷս૵Ƹ¥
Ȼʵ۹˶Ӿ֮УǷƸ¥ûǵ֣״˹
ʻʵ۳𣬻ⲽһѵ׹һΣҪ߸ľȻ޵Ľɽôܿϧʵ۹Ϊ۹ʷϵΨһ⣡
˫ָ󣬳üһȻͬͻȻվڴǰЦһ˵˭˵ҳ޴󽫣ľƽȣޱٴΣ
ĪҪǣʮǰսǧɽսһΨһһ̣ǰ޵
վּ⣬ټٹ٣¡
ǡӦһ漴˵£齪ˣѾƫȺ¶ʱ
ʵüˣ£
˵˵ǽ˼ҵĹӣڳⱻ򱱽ҶЦӸݺݵشһ٣Ѫ죬Ҳ̶ãΪίʵأֻҪмҲ˵
ʵ۱´ŭڣȻΪޣ
ֻʵ۱·ŭ˿̹ҿݣôһСӴܵ飬Ȼ빬״
ȴ֪ǽڿӱô̧ؼ֮󣬼ʱŭڣԼǻʵ۵ѣֱӾ˻ʹ״ȴǵڻ֪ҶЦҲѾԡ顣
Ĵ󳼳빬һļɻ䣬ΨλΪ죬ʵΪͶԵʹȴ˷ࡣ
˵徭֪ǽ˵Ǳüҵġ
뽪ȴʶм֮飬Ҳ֪ʵԽƣʵ۱ŭΪ˵˼û
ʵ۴ҴҽߣŴԣͻȻվסûͷûԵʵǣҶЦû°ɣ
ʱһ¡
ʹ״ģǽ
ؼǣĶӽ̫걻ˣĺܲҺܲңޱȣ
ɡôʵ۷·˿λܺߣߣ
ʲô
ȴ֪±սΣҶפصıս֣ĿǰΨһһܲʤģǴ˿ҶЦʧҶԼӵ̬ȣֻ¾ڲˣҲἴʱϻء
Իʵ۶Խ˽⣬ν̫걻򣬻ޱȣǶȸ״Եģǽ̫걻úܲң˵ҶЦң
һˣʵβ
Ҷǲ£˵ճ˵Ȼܹ˴ӣ䱾Ƿǳġ
ʵ۳һչյͺãͺãҶСû¾ͺá
Ҳ̲סһۡﻹźԩأǲǹĴˣ˵û˵һ䣺ͺãҶСû¾ͺã
ôһظô
δڻжأԼ°æֻǰ׷ˣ
ʵ۱´Ҵߣ߱˵ȥټˣԼȥʽǸôŬŸĶӵôˡ
ȡ
ʵ۱һʯ쾪ĻӲǿһôߵΪǸо
ʵ۱һһңҿҶЦû£ֻҪҶЦû¾ͺã
ҶЦˣмˡ
ڲǵ۹ѣ
Ϊû˱Ȼʵ۱¸ҶԼжôں
Ϊ˸ҩ¾ΪһһڰݺȥսϣȻûܹסһʱƬ̣
ͬҲΪ˸βΪѵشӦԼ˽ֵܣرʮ꣡
ڹϣҶЦĻʵ۱¸ҿ϶Ǳԭ㳲ǳʵ۹һ̾ҪҶҲϻӣ
ʵ۱һֱ΢ʣҶ죬ΪʲôԶ˿أΣҶֿأǻʵ۱ҲֻǨ͵ġ
ڣκ˶Գ£ΨҶЦܳµġ


151 ˵ѣ
һƫͿǽֱͦͦĹһίһʵ۱ڵޣ££ҪΪū
ȻΪ飬˽Իʵ۵ʱʼūԳƣʾΪʵūŵƺȻûʵϿɡ
ʵ۱̾˿ĵūţôһ֪˭ֵһֶӣ޵ĸƵãô
ȴһƬƽʵΪΣ˵
ͷ£ūʵԩ
ϸϸʵ۱ºɫ
Ķӣϳ⣬ҶĶҶЦ޹ʱ򡭡϶ദۣǲұݣһѪ⣬ĵطΣ̧ؼУ񻹻ԲѣΣΪūϳ֣
ʵ۱¶ʱһ˵ôأ
޵£ūôһӡ
ʵ۱ǳ˳飬Щ
ѵ֪һӣӵҶ壬ô˵ô
СЩͬģ仰ʱ޼Ц
ʵ۱Ҫ˵ͻȻһ£ţﲻնĵطôôﰤ᣿ʱҲڳͷϣ˲̵ʱ䣬عһҲû೤ʱ䣬ûдܵأ
ʱҲһ£ڰȮǡǡ֡ڻү֮󡭡ųĳšʱѻعˣ֪Ҳ֮С
ʵ۱½üͷǴ֮ĶӲȥģȻžͱˣ
н⣬ݱ³ΪҶЦŰ裬ڷʴʣִƣȮ޿֮ʣſڷȴҶЦ֪¡ҪΪū
˵ţһڵϣӱİūģҪˡ
ʱһ˵˵ѣ
ʵ۱ԲһϹŵĽҲһ£Ȼ˿Ȼתͷѭȥ
ֻſ̫ӵ´ǵ˽ʣ븸ˡ
ʵ۱üͷʲôô
̫ӵ½˵ʣӽˣһλҽǰҶ󽫾ۡҶ󽫾ĹҶЦڵϦȥˡ¾
ԶʱڵϹɵˣ̲ס
ҶӱҶЦڼԲѣôҶЦ˿ҲڵϦˣ
ʲô
ǣԤϵǣʵ۱֮¾ʱʧȥ֮ǰ򶨳ȣȫͬԼӱİʱǷݵ
һʵ۱¾վŭʲôôӣ
˵꣬Ҳû̫˵ȵˣ̫ҽ̫ҽǰҶҶЦ󣡡
źȵ﹩ҲƼǰȥǣΣҶЦ飡
漴ֵܹܣڿ⣬֮ϼҩҶҽƹҪκҩģֱȡþǣ
ʲô
գֻоһ
ױ̻ʵۣʵۼ˵֮ܽȻԻʵߵָƣҲܹ̰ɢƾ۲ƣ䣬ʼղʧĵĸԭڣ
֪ʹβ֪̫ҽ̫ҽǻʹҽΪտ̫ҽרΪβһ붼δöҪͿ
﹩ǻʹרƸĵʦרΪʵһ˷ģ̫£Ҳʵۣ׼ᶯ
˿ֻ̣ҶЦڵϦʵ۾ȻһԶͽ˶˳ȥ
ֹڴˣҲˣ󻹼һڿһӦҩȡã
ڿأǻռĺҩκһζϡ䣬ôҶЦͿȡã涼ˣ
֣˵һ⡪ҶЦã
ҶЦãô
ȥˣ֪纣β֪Ҫ
ֻǻδֵʵۿڣ˼һȿˡ
̫òü˼俴ŽˣôܹĻǷǡߵڰף
̫ӵºγԣεߵڰˣ
̫溬ˮµҪʣףΪҪȸ״ʵȴʲô˼
һԩӣ¹ʵڲ̫ӵ˵ʲôʵҶЦȮӴˣжٻӵڳ֤
̫ˣ㣬үճΪ˵۹ȫΪ˼ҹɽĶӣΪβڳʱǰȥУ˵ɲޱ֮ģ֮⣬ǵҲˡ
Ϊڴ֮㼴ǣҫȴΪΣʾԼҵλȨأڹ֮ô
ſڽࣺ̫̫ӵ¡
̫ӵµָò̫ˣֱ˱λȨأӾĸ߶ȣ
ǣνָػû꣬½߶Ȼ
̫һֹ֣ڲȥΪӢ׳ʿҲˣȴΪڴ֮󣬿ȺףĶӾȻͬˣҪȥҾˣһ㣬ҿԩô
̿״ؽе̫ӵ£ɲô˵ֻǡ
һĻʵ۱µѾ쳣
̫ӵ²ƣֱӽؿڵǲô˵ﶼ֪ſڵǳ־磬˫˶ˣͷؾҲֺֹֻǼٻӵ֤ܿڳǧ˶֤еǷֱһĿȻѵԩı𣿡
ʵ۱¾ţ溮ˮ
ʿΪսڶ⣬߲ŸոճӾȻȲĴȥǵĺˡˣھȻȸ״ǲס˵Ļó
̫߳ʡ
ֱͷһѣ̫ӵ¡£Ҷڻڼţ֪ܲǼٵİɡ
һͷˮ˵ҶЦûб򰡣ҡ̫ӵ½Ϊһ̬ô侮ʯ
ôĵһλд󳼣ɲ̫ƽյ簡
Ҫ˵ֻ֪汻ˣҲӦã̫ӵºǸɴرԼ
ʱ̫ӵµľϣһеλȡ
ҶЦˣǿԼָʹµ֣񣬺ò˱ڹģϽҴʵˣ
ˣ㣬Ķӽ̫꣬ͬ⼸ˣۿŻȫ֮󣬱ǣԣҪҶЦ鷳ˣ£вǧڳԩô
̫ӵ˵
⡭⡭
Ŀ࣬һʱ侹Զԡ
Ҳ벻̫ӵ£Ϭ˵һҲأһҪԼϾɱӡ
Щղ˵һˣȻ˵һ顣
ظġǿ


152 ŭ
̫Ӳôظ飬Ȼظǿѻʵ۱£¡
Ҳ˵̫ӵ½ǷҪԼˡ
ֻǣʲôʱ̫ӵ£ȻôݣһȻ˶Դ
ڳ⣬һ𣬶ҶЦ޼ɵʩ£ҲûԩӰɣ
ոճӽ̫꣬ͶԻСڳѷ֮ԣҲûԩӰɣ̫ӵ²ơ
ſڽ࣬˵
֪ԼĶӵƢЩ飬ȫóġ
ʿΪսӲ֪ЧҲͰˣȻڽʿոճ֮󣬾ͼʱϺȣǺˣܲǰԡѪɱĽʿģ
ʿģҳʽɽҪΣ
̫ӵɫ
ֻоԼҪԩˣЩС֮飬СС֣ôֻһΣǰҲô
ôһξ˵Ĳģϸߵģ
˫֮һսȻˣӵȴŰ裬衭̫⻻κˣܲ˰ɣ
£˳ͻ˫˲ѵͲǾȡƣ˷ȴǼˣ˺ȣţ˺̫֮ӵºһ˵ңȻˣƲᣬû֮ǰɣҶҹҶЦȴǱûѣۿ췦ȻĿȸ״
̫ӵȻһѵ⣬üֱ̧ͷ
ûü˵ʵ۱¼ʵʲô˵ʲôѣۿ췦˵ҶĶҶЦô
̫תʵ۱£ǵĸʣδ˵ֿˣزм١Ϊڽӵ˴棬Ȼһλ֣ҶЦϴʧѾõĻƶУ
ƣǻƣʵ۱ȻΪʵۣҲ书书ղᣬ˿һ֣ʱɫɷס
֣񲻴
ҶЦ֮󣬵ʱδǵȵس֮󣬿ߵԼǰʱ򣬲ͻȻˤ£Ѫޣ
̫ӵ̾ϢһڣԲѣֻʣһڵš
ҶѾɸ봫飬Ҷ󽫾ٹ飬߻пܼһ棡
̫ӵ˵ֻԼĸʵӾȻһҡ
ңɫɷף
ֽͬ
ȽӴ˼ʾһٻΣֱӾվȣ֮࣬Щڵأæַסӣסˣʵڻһƨֱ
ʣôˣ̫ӵ´ʧɫæǰȥ
ʵ۵״̬Ȼ̫ӵ֮⣬ؾˣ
ڰɣ
ʵ۱ºĴ˼ͻȻһЦѵν⣿ǲҪҳʵ۹
̫ӵͬʱʧɫ
ʵ۱仰ǴӺ˵𰡣
ֻʵ۱ƣı۾̫ѨţֻһɼȵƣͣҲεġ
һ̣̫ӵ¿ǾĪ
Сһֱڣʾһΰĸɽ˳ʵ۹һз꣡ôʹûмı顣
ڣֱӾͱŵˡ
ãʵ۱۾૵ƣ췦ԲѣֻʣһţѾɸ봫飬Ҷ󽫾ٹ飬һ桭
ͻȻǺǺǵıЦãðǺð
һʱ侹мҵ˼
֪ɸ봫ֻҪһҶ첻ʲôԻһл
һʱ䣬һգ۵Ĺ򶼲ᵢ
ǡսô죿
ѵѵԭΨһȹ̵ıΪȱƵһô
۾ޱĿŽ漸û˵һؼȥ
ֲ̿ѣ¡⡭塭
ʵ˵ţͬૣе˼ȴëȻݣԼӣҲͰˡ竳ԣΪҲˡȼҹµĴǴ֮ǰȻôһƢǡ
๼޹ȥ޲ٿ㡣
̿״ع£¡
ʵ۱˱۾ͻȻʯ쾪һһ޽ȥûô
һ𣬲ɢ̫ҲǸоͷĿѣ
˿̣ʵ۱¿Ž񣬳һַĵ׵
ǻҪ˵ʲôʵȻȵˣϳȥ
̫ӦѾŵóΪһ̯ĽקŪȥ
һֱȵ˴أԺȫ֪ǳʲô顣ػ˶ԴңǿǺѰ
˵ʵԻʵǾңΪң޼ɣ
ǽ֮¡⵽զ£
̱ڴ⣬ֻý飬ֱͺһجҲƣ
С
ʣ׷ʲô£ˡ̫ӵµĵΪʵ۱̫ѨУ˻̿֡
ȻȨļأ˿ȴҲ״˿̵̬ŵûֲ̿ˡ
ʲô£Լɡʵ۱ָָս
̫ɵһֻۣһţ漴ǡһȵſ꣬һʱ˲Ұɫ
벻ǽ˴¡ʵ۱³˺˵飬ӦýȫҳնֻΪһʱʾ֮飬ȻڣҴ£Ȼǲѵģ
˿̫ӵ޸ղŻӳⷽٵȣһӾͱЩˣ
ŵãŵã
ǵ۹棬ͬʱս
ңҪ涼ǿУÿһ涼ӵڱǻųս޲ʤľ񼶱ͳ˧
УίʵԴӳʽǰδйĶӾ棡
һΣȴǾôϢģһԵر
ƫƫʱҶЦ˷ˡ
һӵϢ֮УΨһռƵıҶƱҪ
Ҳ˵һսҲû򣬱Ѿעˡ
˵ǰʽ̫ӵܲľ
һ̵̫ӵĺܺڣʱΪʲôҪ˳̫ԸҪŪҶЦأ
˭õһ竹Ӱһսֵ㸲
κ˿ǲ˼顢飬·ҶЦȴƫƫܳǧ⡢ȫ߼¼ҲΨҶЦϲܷʵ֣
ָ򶨵Ļʵ۱ͻüͷһ壬תͷ̫ӣĿ֮֮⣬ƽʵʶǺܹİ
̫Բһ£ɫ¹عҴ֣֮ȷ١
ʵ۵ͷ
⸸Ӷ˶֪˴ʵĸشĸͲһ£ʵȻƽ׷ˡ


153 ڼ飡
ʵ۱¸ղҲֻЩʣѿڶʣҲһ漴ٶսֵ֮ˡ
۾˼עű֮սսʱʵǡôһǸͬһʱ㡭ɴ˿ɼķȻ֮ǰѾᡣ
Ҳ˵ǳʽҪԵʵ½ıܺͣңҪٳҾսΪҶһӵҶЦϢƲʲôսսȫ֮գ
սָտȴңȿǿһ
ʵ۱һһ˵ţ̫ӵµУҲԽԽǳȥɽ¥ĸоѹ
ңʼٸߣԼڣռ൱ķݶ
νİʯͷԼĽŰɣ
һֱӽԼҳɲзˡ
̫ͬӵʧţʵ۱·Խ˵Խƽλָƽ޲״̬
·һĸȻܹвһٶȹسʵ۵֮С
֮գս֮ʱѶ֤Ǽұ˴֮ʱ쳣ȷڴ֮ǰѾжѸٳ߽ڽӵϢӦҲԤ֮Уж·̣Ǽ˿˿ۣƫڴ֮󣬾Ǵʱ򣬾ϵսһ񣡡
սڣҳ߻ܣԷЩȴȻѾ֪ô֮Уڼڡ
ʵ۱һĨ
ڼ飡̫𾪵Լĸʡ
ڼ飬ԣۣڵ˵Ѳܡʵ۱µΨˣܹڳֵĶӾ棬򣬾ˡ
ķս۹ͬʱսʮϽϣʮԭϣҪͳһսߣһҪʱ䣿
ֻǵЩˣٳյֳսƻĿʼҲҪϵ׼ʱ䡣ôش鱨Ϣڰʱϣɢ¸ߣڼ飬̽ӣȻȫûа쵽Ѿ˵ܶˡ
֣޲˵˴ҳʵ֯ϸ£ǵĴȻܵؿڸĸ߲㡣Щ߲֮䣬ȴҳ̽ȫ͸ģԷʵɾɲ
˾Ĳ֣ˣֻǣԷеɲ֣ȴҲ˵һ£һ־ڱصãҪʱһٻʣ
ʵ۱µķһѰѼĵȴϬޱȡ
Ҫ飬˵飬Ҫʱ䣡ʱ䣬߾ǳʴսΨһתʵ۱˲ƶսԣԣ´ȥȥϣʱ䣬ҲһҪȥܵȥ
ֻҪܰһսʱһ룬ˣͳһսߣٻһ룡ʵ۱۾ȻĿŴ⣬̾ǴǮϽ뱱ԭ䣬ö죬Ըû֯ģսֻСģͻϮʽսս£ΥչΧսģʽǾͶȻ۹ṩʲ
ԮƲܳ־áǣҪԼĹҲͳͳá
ʱ䣡
ؼʱ䡣
ֻҪⳡսʱ䳤ˣʱȻţڲͻڶڶǵĻᣬҪΪᣬΪҷת
ʵ۱һ仰˵ÿһֶɱĿҲ𽥵ļɱ
УȴһĪǣҶ죡
˿̣Ҷķɸ봫϶ѾͳˣҶҲȻڶ֮ڻع飬ս֣ҶսΨһһʤյһҶ뿪άϵһƣһܳ־á
ĹؼҶЦϣǴ˴ҶЦ£ôҶطܱսãֻҪҶϻȥˣԾɿƽܾ֣
ҶЦˡ
ע군ˣ޽ң
뵽ʵ۱ͻȻüͷһ壬૵ϣвߣҶı˼νȫս֮ءܲԲ²⣿ңӦҶ죬ӦҲ෽ͷʹĵط
Ÿˣʵ۹ѶԸĽ죬ʵǻҶ죡
ô˵һγ¼Ĺ˴ɣѲǡڰв߶ΪҪô£סҶ죿߽ⱱߣ
ʵ۱ͻȻĿ޾
̫ӵһ̣ȻǴ졣
ڴʱ˵£ȺѾ۵⡣
˿̣Ѿʱ֡
ʵ˵ּڳ³
漴̫˵Ҳɣ
˳ȥ
̫ӹشӦһҲ˳ȥ
ŸʵıӰ̫Щд
һֱθоԼ·ʱȻлʮ㣻ȴǲ죬ȻһеĸоȴȱһݴݵɡǱһ֮еȡ
֪ԼʹĴݣԶԼܱȣǲġ
ĶӾ֮ǰʵĽŲһȶԾƽȵĴǰУû˿ң֮ľ롢࣬ȫһ
ȫһ¡
ͬһн֮еĴɽӿķͬʱס



ʵ۱ɫƽض֮ϣע档
·Ⱥ˿ȴѾҳһࡣ
Ⱥ鱨ϵͳҲͱȻƬ̶ѣ˿ȻҲѾ֪ڵľơ
սۿžҪһ
Ͼƣÿһ˶ļ١
ڳÿ˶һ֮ѣ
ʵԾƽݵĿۣβŵྲ¡
Ⱥ˲ʱѻȸ
ʵ۱³վ𣬸ֶӸ£˵ˣվմˡС
֡
⼸ǰһʥѵһĻ֣̿ȻѾµ˻ʵ۱½Ҫ˵ʲô
ȼ˼ҷ粻ϣףùڲˣʿǰԡѪɱȺھǱ轫ʿˡȿ֪
ʵ۱Ծƽ֮Уŭȴ˭óġ
ȺԳⷢȻѾ֪Ϥ飬֪Ӱ֮ӣɺ֮ء
ƽС֮ĴܶŹȻķȴ᣻ȴȽڹϷȴֱжҡĿܡ
һֻˣӿײ˵ϣã򸴺ԣ
Żʵ֮ԣ׷׹򵹣֪𷣡
ֻǻ˵ȴΪϾһСһ֮ĺ֣¾ǵ涯ŭ𷣣ôҲ̫أ߸߾Ҳˡ
Ļʵ۱¿ͻȻ쳣ɭ


154 ҽ
Ȼ֪Ǿ췣ɣôȼ˴Ӵ˿𣬻ؼұ˼ٲκγ֣಻׼Ӵκ˵ȣӲ׼һΥɱ⣡壡
һȺ𾪣
ŵǼһͷŵ˵¡
ϳȥʵ۱ĿУȴһ˿Եʹ
Щˣǳس֮еس״ۣ۹ڲڼĻôͱȻ⼸֮С
竺֣ȴҲҪʱġ
߲ŸոճǾʱ򣬶ҲǽʿоȫĵڣȴʱĿŵĳǵҡ
ʱսϵǡô
ʵ۱ܹɣдʲôè塣
һ˵˿սµĹؼʱ̣ʵ۱¾˲˲ɣȴҲǲ⼸˼ڳϲ¡
Щ棬϶ԩġ
һȴû취ġ
Щ˾سʵֻɱ֣ȫɱˣǼ죡
ڼȫŵĿУȺĪ۾ɷ˵ƻһͽ⼸λȻ겻ϴ˳ȥ
ˣڴҿʼһ£ķսֵĸӡʵµ˵λԳԣоһ£ܹȥǿС

Ҷ
ҶЦҡ״ڴϣȻһ¶û˹ͷһӡ
ξǡ硯ʹģһߣɫѿ
ͬλݼǵݳѪڷתƣɫ
ôˣξʵ
ϱáʡ¡ҶЦһϸ죺ģû¶һо֮С
òڶûʶһεװĺ
ڳ֮оϵѾ̫ˣ㵥ΪоʿܹģҲһҪϴһ顣Ļᣬðײã˿϶á
һΣǵõϴʱһ飬òҲϴ˶١ξ˵ε鷳϶ܶȥˡ
δءҶЦ
˵㶼ˣǰ˻ҶŹ㣡ξһ㶡
ҶЦȻʧЦˣҴûĹ飬˵ϴǿ飬Ȼ̫飬̫ȴϴܶˡ
̫ӣξ֮ԱǣôܣǺ޲Ͽôְ㣿㲻ҪǣϵĻƣֿɾ̫ӵˡ
ҶЦֵĳȻΪ˰ϴҪų켺оǣǲֶǰˣνɳ״ԼϴأȻţȴҲ˳£
ξһʱȻòƻе㷴Ӧ
ҶЦģ˵壬㡭̫ɰˣػأ̫Ψн˰һ֤ɽȷһҲûСϾӵ飬ڻûнҹȥ
ξȻСڵԽԽԽʹȥǰϹϡƵͷͷǵġС˵˭ɰأô˵ô˵ҿɰ
ҶЦƲƲ죬ǿס˷Цǿҳ嶯
˶û뵽ھ⣬һΣ̫ӵ±ϴʵ۱£ҲǱҪһϴģ
ʱ洫ŲһѪеϴйҽǰΪү
ҶЦȻȻ˲ʱԡ˹ȥξһʱ棬룬롣
ǳ޵Ȳ
ƺȴҽĵѾȵĵز
漴ӰһξѾȥǰּҴҵƿһĵǣҽ˿
漴Ŀһǻõص﹩Ҳˣ̫̫˿
֪Ҳף˷䡣
һ뷿䣬ŵһŨҩ㡣
ϣλҶЦһš
˵ģֻһŵ˵ƣͷͬʱһ
λǶǼ˵ĸ߼˲ţģģòģ֪ġ˿һҶЦŵǸƣףˡ
λҶӻҪ췦
ڶйͷ֧ţһϢʱ꣬һͷȴܲἴ̸֧࣬š
λҶ⸱ģƺ
ȻһĹͷѾ˵Ĳҵӡ
̫ҽҵԽҩһţѾ˴ϣǫöûУֱӿʼ֪ҽ֮ڶҽ֮УһָˣҲǵһѺ֣
ڣɲǿ׵ʱ
ָһҶЦɫʱó쳣
ԱߵĻ̫ҽóֽţѾץһֻëʡ˺һӣʲôʱʲôѾ켫
̫ҽһһ˵ϣ
ֹһ仰ձʵĻҽһ£ȴǼʱֽд
ڸȫգ΢ɲ죬θ˿̫ҽ̾˿ʮţѾ࡭˵ӽڻ
ͬѩ⡭Ȼǻ֧ʱ䣬ȫڻҲһʱƬ̵Ĺ⾰
ҽ۾̾ơӦǡ
̫ҽһۣͬʱ˵ͷƣ˵ĻƣһżΪаŶȴʧĹ칦򡣡
һߣξʵôءǡǻо𣿡
ҽҽɫأͬʱҡͷ̫ҽ̾ϢȥȵزίʵѾǷҩʯҽΣȻҽͨʱҲѾû˿֮ˡ
ξз͵͵ľĴϢĵʵѵѵһԵĻᶼûô
ҽתͷ﹩ϵ˵ڣֻܿ﹩ֶˡ﹩ϴҲû취ô
Ļû˵ȥ಻˵
﹩ݵƮأҽɲǣѾղŵλϣһ˫ɿͬӥצһ֣ץҶЦϡ
۾
ţͬʱоһ쳣ǿһɫͬһɫ﹩ҶЦȫڸǣ
ξоԾ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
λ﹩ȻҲһλԪʦ֣ңòƻǹ֮ϣ
ʹУǲԻơ
ѹ˵ѧգҡʹУȻ˱
ʵҲξпòƾξʵ˼﹩ˣ
ǻɵɡ﹩ɬͷҲأҲû̫õӦԷֻܱסһϢԴ״̬ҪȬһ㣬Ǵ˵еľת񵤣пת
仰ҶЦ̡
ת񵤣ȻҲǶı׽磬Ҳδ˼һΣֱӾǸڵĴ˵
ˣԵҽҩϣһá﹩˷ݵƤξλܼҡ


155 ҶЦˣ
ξæΣ﹩л뽲
﹩Ĭһ£ԻˣҲܹΪҶʮ죡ʮ죬ҪĴۣҵȲ
ξ˵﹩⻰ɶ˼
﹩ָͷջأ۾˵ؼڡƴˣȥУʵ۱£ܲóǰĵĵ񵤡֮ǰŵڿ֮Уѯⵤ񵤣ϵίʵش󣬷Ǳ׾ܶ
ҽʱס
񵤣
Ǵ˵֮еĳҩȻֻΪλҶʮʱ
ôܻԸأ
ǿΣͷܹûʵ»Ļҵһ
﹩ȥ
ҽһӵ⣬ãҼ̾ȥ
Ǳͬˣñǲи֣͵ǰ򲻵·ϳ˲﹩סֻһʱʱ䣬һʱڣϷ޵һڴԪ֮סҶӵһʱ֮ڣ񵤲ʱе񵤣Ҳ޼µģ
ҽӦһҵߡ
ξѾվ𣺡׼
ҽҴҶȥһֱ·ϣأԲ⣺񵤺εȱô﹩һаջʵ۱»óӣ
С
ɫĹãһһε﹩ѾȫΪΪҶЦȹƣ
ˣԪʱҶʩĶʮ룡
﹩˵
á
˶һأϧǮȷһʱ֮ҶЦ
ΪΪʵ۱µĸ˶֪˿ҶЦȻغ۹ֵĴ˥
ǾȻҶЦ͵ǾȻ˳ʵ۹
֮ҶЦˣôģ۹ıͻһ֮У
ԭȺǵ㣬ͽ̤볽ʵ۹úɽ֮С
ҽֱۣӽ˻ʹ
һ·Ҵ⣬ȴס˿̹лʵȺ£š
ҽļ٣Щͨ꣬ٶ
﹩˵ҶЦӵˣҪõ񵤡ҽֱ˿̣Ȼо̫ˡ
ҶЦһĶӡ
¾Ҷ챾ˣֻҲ񵤰ɣ﹩˵ˣֻһˣұ뽫
﹩ݣڻ֮УȴȻģ
һ˵˽ȥǰ󲻹Ƭ̹⾰ٴγһǰҶ
ҽǺǵؿ
üͷڼһ䣺ǵ񵤣ھҵĻ߰ɡ
ҽֱӾˣ
ʲô
ô򵥾õˣ
ҶЦˣҪ񵤾ɱôôʹóأ
ʲô
ȶ裬¾̫ӵ£Ҳδаɣ
ϳɳҽ˿Ҳ̲סв²һ䣺ѵҶЦʵǱµ˽ӣ̫ӻҪó裿
ȻЩͷһ
һҽع
˼ҴҶȥ
ȵҶպһʱ
﹩˿ͽǵҶЦУ漴ԪʦԪȫҩ߻
֮ҶЦǾͬһ̱壬ЩӦ
һЩһЩݵؿλòҲܿһЩˡ
ֻǳ֮⣬ȴҲûиķӦˡ
˿̻ҽȴǸӵɶͷˣô񵤣ܹҲˣɾֻΪഭֵô
⡭ɲһ˷Ѱɡ
ѾǾȫ﹩һҶЦͷһƣ֮ɫ죬ξ˵ӦÿԳŵҶˣίʵѾˣǸ
ξһѾǷǳлл
۾עξֻơܹ֮ô
ξ˺˵ʱǼ竱ȻѲ˹ϵҶһҪ
һ£»ԾҶΪҪľɴӳ顣
ξֻЦûд
ֻ⻯ˣȴЩ졭һʩӦǹܹﵽʱĳ̶ȣϸϸһ飬ȴһѾüĸо£Ϊ⡣
ξһеȴ󽫾жۣ
̾ϢһҲ֣Իһʶ˿˵Լжϣϣ£ָܹìͷ뿪Ǽǳʵ۹ˣ߿ɷǳ΢ı仯
뿪Ҷ֮﹩·ҲԴ˺þá
ˣԲαġ

ҶЦȻ˵񵤣ȴǱɡ

ǲǽɵأ
һ˵Զۡ
ǽɵģ˭µ֣
ٺ١
ǽģôһأ
ٺ١
Ĭ
̫ӽյľٶЩƽصΪˡ仰˵ġ
ţ
Խ侮ʯȻ֮УδЩ̫ˡ
˵
ʲôû˵
ףĴɵ㣬ɵȴָ򲻸ָˣûɵ㡣

⼸ң
ˣ
Ǿ˰ɣ

ҶЦԾ罩ʬһţ˿̣УҲȷֻһţԪ궼ˡ
ΪҶЦʶ˿޾ռ֮С
ռ֮ڡ
ҶЦֱڤԱߣƴڤĺεڤȲǺ磬ҲҶЦΪɣһ조ɵģ
쵰Ȼǿŵ
ǿŵԴӵմ󷢵ײеظ㶨Ž˹ŽΪԪ֮ƺһֵֺľ֮С
ҶЦ²⣬ŵӦ֮ǰûгԵôһòЩԳˡ
־һ󣬶в㣬żЩɢЩżɢȴڤһο񱩺
ʱпܷĶΪֹѾ˰ˡ
ҶЦҲֻȫĵػͶ룬һҪ⺮ֿռı˴ƽ⣬⺮ڵҶЦ˵ǺöԽ޵ᴿԪңԼļ֮һӡ
Ϊ˱ֿռ֮ƽ⣬ļռ䲻̫ܵǿѹȣҶЦҪʱӽһʯȥˡ
ź࣬ҶЦ֣ⷢԼڵĺòơڿͻƵ񹦵ڶϣУ˿ѾԼԼγһɫ뵡мλá
˵һ䷿ôĻôڵλõĿǰѾһǰĴС
Ȼֽ׶λ΢ϾѾȽϡҲҶЦоֻҪת֮ƽ͵ȫԼĵԼӦþͿ˳µؽڶ㾳ˡ


156 鱦
ֻǣں½Ľλ㣬ҶЦơʱ䣬òƻȽϾԶһ㡣
ͻƵԪһƷΪһôƷҪƷҪ˸Ʒʮĸ
ԴƣҶЦоԼͻԪʱ񹦣Ӧþܵڶˣ
ֻ뵽ңԶĲ࣬ҶЦͲɵЩ
òҪΪΨƴˡ
ҶЦܹо񹦵һͻƵڶ㣬Ҫ޵еһ㡭ٱϵ
ôҪӵڶͻƵĻعƣҲӦҪڶٱǧ
񹦣һŲ㡣
ֻôһ룬ҶЦ͸оʵ̫жˣ
ΪֻܹﵽĲˮ׼ԲҪ㣬ӵԼǰ۷ˮ׼ԪƷ
ԪƷĶˡ
ôȻƷ壬ֻһʲôأôΪ
һ붼Ҫ˷ܵ飡
ڶ峿
̫ӵǰҶЦڸж˺þá
ԴǿУػ֮νԱҩҷѰҽѰҸ֡߾ȫһа취ֶΪҶЦˡ
Ϊһ̫ӣΪһĶܹȵزǻκһˣһм㡣
ǡҶЦȻξҲһϷı顣
쵰زȻġ
ֱǳ룡
˵ڶϣæµһҶڻعƽξҶЦǰȴҲЩˣҲЩ⣺һ̬һֱװڣѵͲô
Ҫ֪ά״̬ɶҶЦ˹ܹļ󡭡
ѵΪȻܹ֧ôʱģŰ
˰ɡξҡһҶЦ
ҶЦڡϷ̫Ȼǡʵˡˣ
ξЦãԼװˡôģԭϷô۰ֱȴʮ̻ۣˣ
ҶЦһͷһ죬ȻӴ壬Ͼ֪ɣܱǿСǱˣ붯ҶɵȱɵȱⶼæһˣЪЪˡ
ξͷСģ֪࡭ţС˵ɶЪЪСװˣ
ҶЦǺһЦ壬ϲôֱɴϣɶҲøɣ̹ء
ξһڵޣСӸӣɶҲøɣɶҲܸɣҲСТ˳ϽԼԼ̹ȥɣʹҼϴţ
ҶЦ˲ʱתΪ壬֪ˣͰæʵ̫ɶˣͿֶҰɣ
ξɫĺܣҲ֪ɶ㻹ƣС԰
գһȡ֮ʼֶӵξκε˴ϣðҶЦɶҲøɵ̹ˡ
ҶЦһ£Ӵһ
˲ʧããҹɫ֮С
һ飬ҶЦȥˡ
ֱڣڳУж
ֻΪ˵ξͷ˺ôһĭ

鱦á
˶ӺذϣɫЩɲ
Դϴ뿪֮һֱڣѾʱûаӰ١
᲻Ѿˣ
ǰʱȻкߵʱҲ֪ʲôʱˡ
Լĵġ
֪ɵĶԼָô죿
ٵ죬ɻҲֻȻȥˡطҵʵԸɡֱÿһ·ܡ̾
˳ϵطΪԼ٣Ȼһĺ¡
Ĵ۾ǣ棬һֱ֣ԽԽ֣
Ӹոմ鱦ʱһ߰ʮ΢ģչһǧİٽĳµһ֣
˵ԼӵгԼĳٶǴ
ţɹŽô˵ġ
ȥԼĴӣ֮ϥϣһ
ۣҲʵ̫һЩ
ֵãܹȥ㸺ʲô
ֹȴſһ£ش󹩷˵ƹģ֮ү
ʱѣ֣ʱˣ롣
һ̣֮ôö֮Ķ档
֮֡ЦĺǴ⡣
֣֪ǰȥˣʵ
ţ֮ǰҴŸŴ磬ŴѾûҪǼȲرչȥˡҶЦ
ŶԭˣǾͺǾͺá˷ܵĴ֣ͻȥˡ
ʱܻȥλ֮ɫ䵭֣ҹŴ֮ǰл㡣
Ŵ磿λ֮ļ˿˵˺ü飬ѹʵ
ŴмҰҵ˼Ҵ֮ѪΪˣʽΪֵܣ˰ݣ֮֮£˵
Ŵ죬ǰλ֮裬һʱֱӾͷˣ
ֵܣ˰֮
ҿչҲ̫˰ɣ
ŰҿŴԤϣʲôҶЦһϷ˼
һƣͨϹӯӯдһ֡
һƣдŹŽ֡
զһƣ˶ʱ
һҪµķҲɲǼžžž졣
һƣǹŽƣǹŽоҪ¡
ɫǹŽ鱦ƿơ
Ƶˡ
ͬʱڷ֮Уڱһ£ŽѾ鱦ƿȨƽǰλ֮裡
֮Ӵ֮ͷֶһˡ
һֱӵĶͷ˾
Ŀƣϵıͬǳ˴һѿ
ǰֻƵĻһĻŭţΪ˲ٿԼǰƣһ֮裬ڵˣ⻹ζţ˹Ž֮⣬ԼֶһԼˡ
˼ʣ֮òЦøӺͰˣ򣬴Ӵ֮鱦õǾҪͬЭľӪˡģǲĺȵΡ
㶺ǺǵעƣѾЩ겻ˡ
ǵһ仰ҪȻŭˡ
ôģ
ʲô¶
Ȼ֮ǰ鱦ȡĺöõĲֶҪϽɸŽŽʮϰżһΣˣһҲ˼ֻȥˣԼûӰ죬ԼЩöǽҩĴۣô˵ûжٷеġ
һϰǾȫĲһˡ
ȣ֮Žһ㣬鱦ȫᣬȻС
Σ֮ɲǸλ֮ˣǺ½еԻ൱ʱ䣬鱦


157 Ӳʩ
ŽҪȻ鱦ջĲ֣ΪŽ۽̫ߣеĶʵڲ࣬ϽɸŽĲʵ࣬Ǻ٣Ƿ֮ڽ룬˵ģ󵫷ģֻ¾ҪУһԭ󲿷ȫԼԴƱؽһ֮֮֡
һ뵽ԺҪʱԷ֮Щʹ
޲ýǰһﵱ⽴
ôһ룬ȻȻ¶һ˿ɱ
棬ҶЦϾţ˵ˣŴڲûлתı棬Ǿں½չء˵Ҫȵһг֮󣬲Ż뿪ʱҪҸṩһֵҩУֵҩȻƲףҩȴϡЩҩҪϰˣв
Իһ׺䶥ʶĸЦǣǡĳԵ˿©
еǵʱʧӰ١
֪ŽֶΣǹŽҪԼʧôֶҪֻҪһԼͻʧӰˡ
֮裬Ժһõ⬡
ҪʱźãźУ
ֻҪһ뵽¾͸оԼֱƵõˡ
ҶЦ۹۲΢ı仯ڡ
ŽԼˣò
½鱦ȻǹŽһֲַ˽ŽԭĿĲ½ʱиõ֮أкûԵҲջһЩܹ۵ĵرϡȵȣʲôģ鱦Ȼʸ
˵鱦󼸺˺½ĸ۹ȴ˵ŬŽ֧ûϵŽ֮۵鱦ҶЦֽ׶ζԣȴһ˳ƽչʱ
ҶЦȴҲףȻưͳԻʲô˵ȴ϶кܶ಻ʹ졣
ԺԼˣʹɲУʹˣ±Ȼྡġ
ҶЦŶȣ˵˵ʵе˵ȥ˵Ҳ彡νʵ۲ǾһˣҵƵ֮Уһƹһ⣬ֻҪһµʱ䣬־ͿԼųɡ
ЦЦʱɾͲһǧİٽˡƼٽ£Ǻаյġ
ؼǣǲٵͻġҶЦ۾ЦЦ
ֻһ仰ٶסˣ
ȵҶЦȫ˵꣬ǻö

¾ȻȺö
ƽĶۣԼһ⣬ǧ֮УҪΪ˺ŵ仰Լ˽Լ
ŷԽԽ࣬һǧ֮ǰѾһоڡ
ʧȥΪ˵Ȥ谭ǻͳͷֻط棬˱֮⣬ǳ飬ֻͽ̾κΡ
ٵȻ߱ӳԪܣÿηһΣȴҲԼķΪӺ
һҶЦͻĻ֮죬ʱͺˮѾõͻȻץһݣ
֣Ͼ鵤ţ˵棬ʦԳôһѾ߬סҶЦ֣֣
оȻĵ̹⣬֮޿
ҶЦĵͷϰſģȻƲףҪĲҲܲ٣˵ƷȴߣҲͶʦҾͿƣֻҪ˳Ĳϣɡ
ʵ˵˼ɣΨһĹǷڹŴǱߣ֪֮ǰΪһֱ£ǷͲΪ֪ˡ
ȻҪչԼҶЦȻҪ룬伫ĨڹŽһôĨôĨ
ɫһӾͱˡ
ǰȻֶŽΪһֱ˵
Ϊʲô
ѵ˵Ͳұˣܵ˼Ŀζ
˵ҲǡôӴĲƸҵʮ궼һΣȴİ£Ҳӵ޾Ԫһ쳾磬ǱҪöࣿҿӵЩƸȴұܣ
˵ףŽ֮ԻӳҵĿֻΪΪѣ
ֻһƹߡȻһߣҪôʲô
ɫԽԽѿ
ҶЦȻ˵ʵҲʹŴ¡
ô˵еʵ
Ŵ˵µķֲ㣬ٵҩĿȴռмֵĵرԴ̫ˣذµľͻɢǰʯͷԼĽšҶЦ˵
ȻˣߣĺͻȻȻһ漴ǰ˿ǹŽĽֵܣҪ΢һᡭ
ʱֵ̿ҶЦ⡭
ҶЦ˵ϰ岻˵ģԺ鱦ʼջҪϺģһҪר鱦ĴСҪƫġһûôɵԶֱۡ
һЦǣǡ
Ժ󣬵ȵŴڤ֮ʵٶȷԾǾòṩԴˡҶЦ۾һֵ˵
֮⻰ʲô˼ѵ˵Ժʹ˰ѹŽĿƣ
һϲ漴޻֣̿ԼԹŽΪ˿̫˽ˣ鱦壬϶ϲټٵҪٴӳԪأ
֣ǡԺҪô죿
뵽˽ڵɫ˰ɫ
ϢͬɽͻȻƶˣͻȻֵ
Ǽָܹ˵ȻԪȴֳ⡣
ԼЩʼձֵĺŵ뷨ֽȴɣ񲻴⣿
ҶЦĿ
ôңʵ
ҲûʲôҾ㣬ֻȹ뿪֮󣬴˵ƿȨȫڡҵʱҿԸ㡣
ҶЦ΢ЦţЧҲʱԣҲ֣̽Ҳ֪Чҩҩ伫ڡԣÿһʱ䣬ȵƲסٶʱ򣬾ҪٴηһΡ
ЦǰԼγףǡ
Уһε׹˸
˵ףǿҵ˻һѡ
ԭĹŽ֮衣
ˣԪˣҸҪΪһūţûüֵ֮ڸһūţ
衢ģѵūӻˣ
Ԫãƣһ군ˣΪӵıô׬ô
ҶЦƺûио˵ʵǿӳԪٵҲҵֻĿǰϲȫǲȫҲƳ



158 շ
ҶЦ䵭Ŀ˿̵Ŀ⣬Ѿȫı˾Ӹ£ˡˡҲ꣬ң˵״̬쳾µޱ߸ޱܣ
ѾٳƺΪ򡯻ߡϰ塯ֱ
һ֣֮һ߸ϡӸµ̬ھѾΡ
˼ȴǺ⣬仰֮Ѿ
ٵһűٰꡣ
ָأָԵ
߼ãԼ쳾֮еޱ߸ϲ֣
ǵˣԼҪǰ򱶣򸴺󣿣
ʱֶ֣£ɲܿЦ
ҶЦȻãõƭôٵĿǰȻ񵤣Ƹٵգ
ɫãҧۼΪƾֻҪҿֻҪκһ֤Է顭ͽΣҲͲԼģȻܹŽΪβܻ۸ߵң
ҶЦЦˣڵŷּʶѾһ顣
˵¾ǡˣлǵġҲνǰУ˵ƤңֻһƤҡһ㣬Ӧġ
ͷǡ
Žٵӳʵδþһ¡ҶЦ˵ΪÿһηٵǲǶһʱǻԵģžģͬһ㣿
֪
ǺǡΪÿһηٵ㶼൱һΡ
͵ͬµһҶЦǽеȫǰڵϡ
ɫ粻ǡ
ҶЦԣȻڵˡô꣬ҲἴʱѡǣҪڻȪ֮УܲǧĴݲĥܹǧ򣬵Ȼ֮ǰʲô֮࣬ǧǧҲûпܵģȵ㻹ǰܳΪһʲôûе飬ֻͨתΪĳĳǲΪˣΪѾΪǧˣˡ
Ĵ˸
ǺǣЩǺ󻰣岻Ҹ˵Щֻ㣬νٵʵ֣ǽٵôҶЦЦЦʵ֣Ӧý굤
굤һɷסһεεĺ飬עˮ˳һ㣬ʡ
굤ʵãɲġҶЦ沢˿飺꣬óĽҩ
ֻŹĴϣŻʩֶĵҩ˵꣬ԶڣԶǸ֮УԶҪޱĥ
򡭡񶾵ĵҩҶЦ˵ֻŽҲţȻ˾Ĳݺͱ˰ıҩԣ֮˿ڻϵĵҩ
ĲΪãȻкֻֻһ˲ݻһˣ𽥱òвŮǲǸоԼĶŮ֮£ԽԽûʲô뷨ˣţԣӦǻûŮû뷨ˣҲû
ҶЦǲʵ
Ѿסˡ
ֻվţ˵
Ϊǰķ֮˵Щ飬ǧȷĴڣ
ǵԼʱŮ֮󣬽ϲŮɫɴ಻ŮɫΪ̫࣬һǶȸԼŮԵ׽˿ԼŮԵζ
ԼΪŽһһӹ
ԭ˼ֻǽԼһڶԴ
Լһֱж£֮Ϊڡ
ҳָ֮⣬ҲԸٵϵ֮⣬㳹׻ָ۷Ҳ⣡
ҶЦ˵ڵѡ񡭡Ҫôѡأ
˼Ĳһ£̧Ѿϴε۰Ͱ͵ҶЦ
ҶЦģĿ
һ̣ƶ˵ľڷڵϹݵĳ
һɾ£ƣ籡
һʱ䣬Щˡ
Ƿ֮һɵĳջ
Ϊڳ֮ϵƣȹŽҪǿ̫̫࣡
ֱǲͬն
ŽƣҲֻһɵͷӣɱİԼ˳߲
ǣǰķ֮һ˸ܵģȴµĻԻƣ
֮裬ʲôˣȴôܱȹŽƻҪǿ
ֻһʦôңʵͽʵغ񡭡
򲻸ŵգ۾ƴҪǵѡ
һֱ̣ΪԼΡ
ȻǺΣΣ
˿̵ȻѾҶЦδˣ
ҡֻоɤӸɸɵģһʱ侹Ȼ˵
ֻ˵һ֣ɤﶼɬҪ
֪˵ʲôȻǿԸһ֤ҶЦЦһҲ֪ĿǰϵĲϺޣԣʱֻһŰƷ֮ЧҲ١
һƿ˶ķǰҶЦ˵׼һֻ裬ڷŵֻ֮ҪоȣͬҪȼյʱ򣬾ͽԼָпһӣУͿԿϣܹٷͣˣ֤Բ飡
˵꣬վ˵¾ɣҵˡһϣϣܹҿ϶Ĵ𸴡
˵꣬ζһЦ˵ǡ
һΣѻһɫ磬ʧããҹɫ֮С
ֱ֮뿪˺óʱ֮ϣƶûб䶯֮󡣲ڻһӡ
ǰϣ˶ķŵһСƿ
ֻСƿ棬һֻһŵҩ
š
ô죿
ҪҶЦ˵еЩҪĶҪ
ǣȴǸ
һʶ֮裬Բһ򵥽ɫ
֮ǰĺʵ϶װġ
˵Ŀ£ҪԶڹŽ֮ϣ
һָоԼܹŽĿƣеͷʱ򡣵Ǳλ֮ˣôմһһл룡
ұ仯ţǰСƿкţһ㴭
ֹã˾
һԱĸо
Ѿ˼һūţٸһūţѵỵȥҧ૵οȥָܻܹٻô㶼ǲģţҲи׼
ٲɣһ֣Сƿε߬
漴ˣ׼һشŵľͰ



159 ͣ
һšһ˸ߵľ޴ľͰ˿ȻտҲһŵذǰ
һҧƿ
ĹãôĳŵҲǷƨΪЧΣкݺݵţ룬֮軹ǽ˿Ϊ뵽ЩܱڹŽԶһʲôܣ챻ݲĥĹҪǿ
۾Ҳǿŵʲôӡ
һӣôһȥ
ͬڷõ񵤵ˬŵҩһڣʱһζ˺
һʱ⧲ʱֱ̼
ʲôζôôġ
ʶֹһ䣬ͻȻоһӵĪ
漴оȫ·嶼ȼ
޾һ𳹵װΧԼ
ţ¶Ѿȵܲˣȴڼ֡
ѾʶҩЧ
Ϊµķ֬ƺڲһֱ̼ڻ΢о
ңڻԼָλ
ҧš
ȼյԼֵԽãʵЧԽã
Զ׼ġ
֧š
һʱ֮һУ
漴һһСˢһԼָƤֱеһ飡
漴ͽԼִľͰϡ
ǿסĲʣ̽ͷȥ
ֻԼָλãȻһѪҲûһɫġ֬һĶ˿йཱུð˳
һɫķͣ˳ֱӾǰҺĳʣԽԽ࡭
ͬʱоһĳȼգһˬ
ʹֲš
һ̣ȼյĸоԽԽǿָ֮֬ҲԽԽ࣬Ϳһָôֵ֬ȫ޼ϵ
ǡǡ硯
ǡۡһ˶ľͰϣȻͰסģľͰײѾأǳһӡ
ԽԽࡣ
ֻоһ̣һƮƮɵĿСϰ弸ʱͰָо
ʵ̫ˬˣ
ĸоȫµķͣȻ߱ӿ
ͨΨһкڣų⣬ͰС
ӴӴӴӴӴҸţתĳЩְҵߣӵǿ׳Ķ͡
ٹһʱ䣬ֻľͰȻѾװ˰Ͱȼյĸоȴڣ˿ûмˣأȫǱ߳ۼķͣƺԽԽѸٵĸо
ƺȫķͣĶһڻˡ
̫ˬˡţŶүԺ͸ˡʵ̫ˬˡ
ǰһʱʱ䣬͵糱ˮһӿ
ۿֻ˶ľͰѾҪˡ
ҪһͰȴоȼɲǼֹͣ
Ȼ
λȴѾ˽̵ĸо̾˿
Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
ֹ˰ӡ
ڲ
Ȼŷ͵Ķһʹʹо֮۵ڵҹϢ
ǡղжôˬھжôʹ
ŵȻԵġҧ󺹣ݺݵֵܵˣ
ֱ°ҹʹڼᣬûˡ
㣬ȴҲ򣬼ôķΣǸͬȷķ⣬Ȼ൱ʹֻ࣬ҪȥˣǾӦˣȥˣ
վڷȣһҵıһᣬط֣Լ壬ƺЩ
ǸͰ̲סչȥһֻİ׻һͰ
ЩôҲһɣ˶Ͱ֣ܿҲЩһ˼ô࣬¾ˣϾȻûʲô̫Եı仯
ⶼҵͰ̾˿˵仰ʱ򣬺Щմմϲʣһ˼ǧḶ́ڽ죬ĳЧ
⣬̫Ҹˣ
泩һȵˡ
ʱʿһͰͰȥˡ
ӻֺ֣ܿ˵
˿̵˷쳣ڷתȦʱԼĶƤȻէһûʲôԱ仯Լܹоࡣ
ңС
С
ԼСӣһʱ㣡
ȻòƻôôӷףǣԼǸоףСˣ
㣬Ҳǲµ޷ģ
һҹ˯úôˡ˯ûôˡ
ʱҲ룺ҸɵйеǮ
ϣҪʲôҾʲô
ûκζģ
κδŮ٣
ǣҵǮȻѾ˺绽ܵĵزģΪһ˵ϣȴûˡ
Զﶼܸɵ飬ȴܸˡ
ͶͱŮ˻ҪЫζݣܡ
ڣһеجζҪȥ
۹
õӣҸҪ˰

ڶգԾɸоࡣţ⵱ȻǶԱ˵ġ
κһͻȻһٽˣеԼ࣬Ȼˣоʵ顣
磬óԷʱȻ״θоԼʳ
ÿһȣԣθڴ󿪡
ǷſƤͳһ٣ĨĨ죬ǳĿ˵ķίʵζͦҿζ
ԱߣϹҲǳԵýζ⻹ϰ壬ųԵõôζķˡ
һʲôôǶң
ˣɶϵ
ش󹩷ЦһͰ͡Ҳ֪ƹǴʲôط㵽ģһ֮󣬼ֱǷΪƷ޲ڣ˵һˣǵһοƷôߣȫȻûаʵķͣѵõǣȻûа㰾ƵļȻĸоֱǷ豹ľƷ
Ѿо˲Ծɫɷףľ˵Ȼء
кβãǱȻͳˣͽǳԵЩش󹩷ȻζɫζѣȻ㣬˻ζղӡ
òƹش󹩷˼˷ܣȻһ
ϰȴһҰף㶵Ŀűǽӡ
Щˡһ룬ǽԼĶӡ
ɫɺתףɰת죬Ȼһαˢף漴ȻˡȻ󣬾Ȼͱ˺ɫ
ش󹩷̾ΪֹĿŴϰ壬ĵϰϰ壬ֻı£һӹƶЩνġʦϰ廹̰ʦ
̾ʱȴϰһ죺ۡŻŻŻ


160 ʳ
Żϡﻩ
ոճԽʳ糱ˮһ˳
Ϲڻζüɫ˵ʳõϰȻһɽ⧲֮£ʱǡ
һʱ䣬˴סˣ漴һǿҵĶĸоۡһҲŻ²
ϰ˻ߵŻš
ֱǲҵ˼㣬Ϲ߶Ѿµûʲôˣϰ廹ڿ硭ƺҪԼЩȥҲȫ³
һߵŮŵûɫɷס
զˡ
⵽ôˡ
ڣֹͣŻ£һᲱӣһߵһɣ˵ϽģϽġȫʰˡ·ŻŻ
漴һŻȴʲô²ˣʵûÿˣ̱
Ϲһϰ³ˮˮȥ·ȥˡ
ŮӦѸ٣ɿ죬ת۾ͽʰøɸɾȻˮ֮࣬Ͻźϰ塭
á
˴һͻȻһҵġ䣬بĻ޲ڵġֻһҡִʷѽ
˵
һƣش󹩷˽ɫܲÿƹģôˣ
øһӣȴϰֱһǸոճ˺ö֮󡭡ͷ׵ˡ
ת۾ŹϹ죬Ҫ˵ȴվʲôû˵
˵ɶ
һܸ㡭Щͣʵϳͣ
˵ԼԼϳͣҪ޲ڣ
죬Ǵȫ˸ϵķͣҪ޲ڣ
⡭绹Ҫ
֮ܶԺ͡Ӳá˵Ӳԣ˭Ҳ׼ԣ
תһ룬ôһ˵ò̫ЩõζЦһ˵ԺͳĲˣһŲԣţͣ͵ĲˣȫԡҪʣûҪʣԽǺóԵĶԽңûû
ͬʱľ
ʣ
Ǻǿɣ
ּʣܽеΪȫô
涼ڸ̣Ȼ˭Ҳûм׷ʡ
ΪϰԲ˵
˼Ǵϰ壬ٻɣҲǿɣ
Υɣ
ֻǣӴ֮Ĳˣͳֻ
ֻҪǽʹͳĲˣþһ˶ȱҶ룬ڷǰŶӣʲô¶һȥ
̫ˡ
ΪͣʱʱûС
ʱܶ࣬ʱȴ㼸ʮҲδһ㡭
ÿʱվ棬ϱ飬ǳ֡
˵ƷֻдϰŸ˲Ƕţƣ֪ʹӺζ
ʵⲻǴ˵ǷϻȻֻŸó
ȡۿԼϳͱɲȣҪNǰֺųԵָоԹŵҲֻһ־
ʱ飬ǡκγĺıʣҲ޷档
ʮһεʢᣬȴ˶
һʼһʱһӶ˺üʮͰ͡
һǹޱҸ
ȻʱͣԵ
ԺͳʱûС
ζҲּƷͣ
һֱ֮󣬲ٶˡνͰķѡ
νϡΪĵڴ˿Ե쾡£
ǣһͳһʢĽա
ʳڣ
ģڷ֮Ӣ쵼£ԽԽ׳
ʳڽվͳ½Ľա
ÿһʮˣʳڡ
ǴӴ˶
ȻԽ˶֪ʳԭǴӺʲôʣ֪յȫʵʲôȴǳõĹȥ
Ϊ½һõĴͳ

ϡ
ҶЦٶԼǰ
һķ䣬ʱ͸о˼òЩ졣
˺һ֮˼ʮһ͸¶ֿҪô̯Ǳɹ˵㡣
۾Ҳûգһˡ
˸ȥզأҶЦʱһĵİ˼⡣
ȻҪ˵£˵϶ЩԽܵģϻܷǳ൱ĲҲԲڵӰɣ
ӣòҲǱ˻һ
Ҳͱȡ˻ơҶЦǸ΢ǿһѣ
Ӽѵתתλ֮֮󣬲Ƕ˼ˡ
ò˺һᣬվҡҡλεģȻЩζ
ָоϳ֣̫ˡ
ȻܣһҲԷ֮ȴһҲҵ˿ǹϵԼǰ;Ҹð
ѾǺˣӽԺΨհ˵
仰ǱģӦ˵
ϰίʵѾһ죬˶ڷ顢Ʈʵûɶˡ
֣һò̫ðҶЦЩͬ飬ʵҲף϶Щղ䣬ʱ䳤ˣͻףѡǶôȷ
Լʱͼˣæ˵ʱ䳤ˣھѾˣܹڷߵѡ񣬾ⱲӢľû֮һ
ҶЦ²⣬Ƶĵӡʵǲͨˣأ
죬һҪ޵ı顣˵ʲôȴվû˵ڡ
ҶЦҲˣֵǿŵҩðɣɹô
ҶЦԼǺģĶλʵйףټڵʵ̫ҵˣҶЦҲûпûݣ
ʱְԹ̾˿ɥ˵ã̫ˡһٽͰҩ
㲻ӦúܸôҶЦ졣
Ȼãô⸱аǸɵ˰ɣ
ңò⸱Ҳ̫ˣûôĸðһѣģ
Ҹˣҵȷˣˣ̫ˡһǰ쵰ûа͵
ҶЦסˣ⻰ɶ˼
ţ͡ôˣӣҶЦת˲뵽һȴֺܷ״Ĳ뷽򣬶ʱЩЦڣ̽ʵǡָ˰ɣ
ɥ˵ǰһͳ˲ˡҲ֪Ȼˡ˵ʵζ治֪֮󡭡ͱˡ
˿˵Ȼʹ

ҶЦŴ죬ʹκϲ졣
Լ룬Ȼˣ˵еġһߡ
á

׻ζҶЦڱһ춯صĴЦŶӣŴȣЦĻ£ֱ


161 ʵ۵
Թ״ؿŲЦ֮еķ֮裬һʱһƬΡ޵ֻļһԼϰ塭

֮˲ƽϢ飨һȿϲһƣһʽģʼϵģһѺཻѺộ
Ҫ֪֮ĺʲôʱʼ
ڲѾʼô
Ҫĵҩ֪ʲôʱܸң
ѾˣЧǺԵİɣ
٣˵Щ
ٵ
ţţٵԻҪ
ǺǣҪҩû⣬ʱ
ôأʲôѴô
֪ʣ֮ǰû˵ͷû㹻Ĳô֮ǰʵֻǰƷΪϲȫ
Զԣˣˡ
˵ʲôʱеҩҪȿʲôʱ׼òϡ
ˣһгҪĶһ߾ȫĴ롣
ˣ㻹Щ׼ΪֵҩҪĲϣȻ̫ϡҪڶʱȫﱸȫҲδصǺ׵飡
һᾡġ
ҲܣΪֵҩҪõģʵûϵ
ǵǵģף

ȻҾûĿܲʣݣԹô
Ҳν
Ǻáְλϣôƺأ
֮Ϊɡ
ף
ǣ鱦УӴ˾ͶһλλȻȻڴϰ֮ϡ££

ʲôҪô
ҪĶɲ٣ϣϣеŵرҶҪиҲҪʯһҪеġ
ȣֻǣвǽԴȫб⣬ֻ¡
⡣ֻҪҪÿһʱ䣬һ㼸ŵ񵤽һ⡭
ģ
Ȼ˵֮⣬ö֮ܶԴҽÿʼԺԶûи߶˵Ķѹ򳡡ԣǮⷽ棬ȫ⡣Աǰ׬Ǯ༸ʮ١
̫ˣʲôⶼûˡ
룬һ񵤣ģԱδö࣬ɽ۸ҲܸһЩ
ס
̸۵ҶЦ¶ĶԽԽ̸࣬µļʶд˼Ķǰλ֮裬ҲԽԽһַĵ׵
ңҶЦȻλȴŽǰʢ˵ĸоһֽƺ绯꣬ڲ֪֮Уܸıйٵĳζ
οŽֻûȥĹؼѡ
ҶЦȴһƿеģеһУ
ҶЦա
ʣҶЦա
ܣͬҶЦգ
Ϊԣָܻܲ۷ĿܣҸԸҲҶЦ֮У
֪֮УѾ˶λ֮ĳ
һִﵽ⣬Ͷصĳ
ʵⱾ⣺ԭ˳ڹŽġ
ڣֻǻһЧҵĶ˶ѡ
ң˶ԭǷȱģϣ
־棬˵ʵѾǡܷǳ൱Ҹˡ
Ȼ֮ǰûгһԼͳĲ˵ػ͸ӵԲȱˡ

ʱĻʹ
ҲһƬƲ
ʵ۱һ£һҹ
Ⱥ޲龫ǣһ̣ǲҼޣֻҪǵзҵڼ飬ΪķΣֶʾ֭һЩܹΣѹķʽֶΡ
ڽȴھս
Ȼ֪Уδǣʱ˿ܸǰһԱҲһ
ҴڼΪˣ˭һѪ
ĿǰΪֹóĴʩв١
أһзֶμأһпܣϳһսʱ䣡
ԽԽá
ֹΣ֮󣬾һӭת
һЩҪذ˿̶ȷصı˳Щ֮صĹؼڡ
ЧķʽȫȡڹսܵΣǲӦսսŲӾֻҪеӪӭͷʹֻҪԷǿйǾͰ¶ԷҲ
ⷬİۣǾˣ絶
ҵȸжȻݳͷڹꡭ
ǣһȺ֮ȴ֡
ڹսòίʵӦǰսֵΨһ
ЧĲԣ
ֻҪ̫ŧĽԼĴӪһǹǿ۾ҪĶࡣ
㲻ǿҾǲսû취
ȣⷽҲȫʳʡͬʱеֶΣƽۡҡعԱʼȫʣһҪȷ͸ס
ֻе򲻵ѵʱ򣬲ſʼùԴ⼸Ļۣһ֧ⳡս֮áǸʱӣӦþԹˡ
ΣȫΧԱͷٴΡսġ
ɱװʥּگ飬¡
̽ܵڵйڲֲң
ǲһɹɵйҥ£¶ˣʵڲУֻǷһõ֣Ҳʤޣ
ǲ̿ͣйоɱз죬߹ҪŵȻɣҲ൱ɧҡ

ļƲߣ
ʵ۱һһĿһҹʱ䣬ǹԱ۶ˡ
һҹ£ʱһˡ
ʵ۱´Ҵһص鷿һʱ䣬ͽλҽһλѶ
ҶǸҶЦƣôˣʵ۱ͷʵ
ֹۣܲĿѾ﹩Ͱ͵һƬأ˽߾ȫټϱ´µĵ񵤣ȻɹסҶЦһϢȴҲֻܹʮѡ
ʵ۱ºȻ
һ˼Ϣ
ҶЦ˼ʴΣҶضҪϻġ
˼ҵĶӿˣ㲻ܲ鵽˼һҲɣ
οҶ죡
£Ҷ˻᲻ᡭ﹩ɵ˵ǹΣ֮Ҷ󽫾Ϊ˶רŸϻȴüҹڲˡ
ʵ۱һ̾һЦ
ǱˣпܲԻۣȻҹΣҲսΪȣϻءϧҶ죬ȴǱˡ
Լܹ֮õҶףʵΪҶЦĴڣ
ҶΪ˶µ飬һĶıʾˣһΪ˶Ӳһеˣ
Ƕû£Իսеŷɥ
£Ǿʲô˵ˣ
ȻԼôһټʮʥֹּع飬ĽŲҲΪԼʥּɰ벽


162 
ڣҶЦᵹùҲֹǽ顢һţҶ᲻Ǩŭڻңδ֮
ʵ۱ԶԣҶЦԼֵݣڱŭҶУƨǣ
Լ鷳Ǻõˣ
Ϊػ߽Ѷӷھʵ۵Ƥ£Ҷӱ˸ˣҶӹȻҪûĻʵۡƨָأ
飬Ҳֻ֪ҶӣΪĳԭ򣬶ĳǿʵҶӶҶҶңǶɽҶЦеϣҲҶϣΨһο塣
ҶЦǵˣҶ콫ȥλȺĸףߡҶΪ˶ӿϲһеԭˡ
ʵ۱Ȼ˵˵ףȴǹֲҶ졣
Ҷң﹩üɣ½ʲôҶңҪ˵ܹҶȸӢ۵ļ壬ǸӵнҶӵǿ⡭
ʵ۱¿ɬҡҡͷûκν͡
﹩һۣǸоһƣȻ䣬ͬʱһĨ⣬һ𾪣Ҷң
½ûҶң
ôأûУ
ͬʱȻ
ԭҶ쾹Ȼǡ
ʵ۱кܳء
۹İΣȫάϵҶһ˵ϡ
ҶЦˣҶ컹ϳսĻʵ۹ͿԱȫ
ҶʹĻ䣬ôΣˡ
Ϊķս֮УֻҶһ棬Ȳʤȯеϣڣ֧ţȵҶԭȺǲ䣬رԮΣ˲ʱ߽Ʒת
֮⣬Ҳûбİ취
ԵģǱƷһ̣սҲȻһһ군ʵ۹ĵ˾ͷ
뵽ʵ۱¾ͺ޲ýǼ竵ļͳͳһ򾡣壡
Ҳޣ
ʱ£ʵ۱±ŭ๼


չԭ
Ľʿˮһڲݴ֮ݺȥҶ򱱾
˵صʮְڣȴ˿ң
Ϊмһΰľ죬ʼվƮ
Ҷ˧죡
ֻҪ˧컹ڣô򱱾սģԶ
죬򱱾бʿľ꣡
ǰһȺԭǱޱȵӴ֮У棬һλ乭һԾʮ֧ڱ֮еĲԭ˾ʮʬ塣
ļХϵֻһȴƬգʼնɫš
籩һļŰƺԶͣ
籩ֱ꣬Ұڵе˱ɨһգֹЪˡ
˷г
Ŀ¶һ벻ס
洫˧Ӧ
ã
λ꽫Զĺʬ壬¶ı飬һսݣ
ȫȻû˿ɵɱطӪ
ƺλ˧λ˵ϵľּ
΢ԥĪĴ
߸򣬷׷յͬ׷˵λһͷһӦ飬ƴһأ
˧
ʥּҪ
С
һˣԾض˧λϣıֱͦ룬ͷһ˿
Ӣף͸¶ųϵֻ֮ôƺһλʫߣʦὫͳս޲ʤľϵ
Ψббһʽӵıʾ˾һλߡ
ˣҶЦĸס
ʵ۹򱱴󽫾½һδսܹκһεǿ
Ҷ죡
һ
һýӰһ㱼ʡ
˸ˣһ٣ͬʱ
һĸشӪϹʮˣ
ʮ˻ͬĵλʮˣݼ١
ʮλҶ֮Ϊʮʮ
Ҷ½ƣΪ
ÿԱϼʮλҶ֮Ϊʮ󽫡
ʮλÿһλ£СʮʮΪ
һλ
ϼƣʮˡ
ʮˣһͬڱ
˿̣ȻսѾȥ˷ĵز巽ԼǵĲ£Ծڼݼ١
Ҷǻ
ʿҲˣҪзɡϢʱݼٵʱȫԸȥݼ٣ܵʱȫԸȥܣ̵ʱ򣬾ȫԸ̣
ҶǱһ
ϣԼ飬Ϊûвһʲô㲻ڣ绹ǴڡˣȻڡ
ԣսʱսʿҪľԵݡݼٵʱ򣬼ҹ±޹أΪڿЩΣҪݼٵǲģ
Ҷۡ
ֵú
һַݼ٣ν½һۡ
ֻۣҶ򱱾У
Ȼаݼ٣ʣµԾǼ᲻ɴݣ֮ΪµһǿģҲֻҶĲӣ
ܶôͳ˧˵ʱҲòӶʼɵ˵һ䣺һ漣漣ϣֻҶ죡
Ҷ˧Ĳ
棬Ҷ֮£ֻʮλ
ȵģȻ巽󽫵λ֮ģʮСһλ
ҶԼ֮⣬ܹʵģԶֻʮˣ
Ψн๦ѫƥսĽܴ׵ͨʿʸһΣҶĽ
˧ʡ򵥵Ŀ꣬Ѿ򱱾оʿߵ׷
Ϊ򱱾֮Уϵ
ֻҪ˧ʣȻܳΪ򱱾еǣ˲⻷Ŀҫۣ
սΣҶ΢Цţʮ˵
ʤ
һλ뽫΢Цڵ
Ҳ֮ɵĴЦ
ڽսԲ֮£ûȡʤʤòƻûκһΰɣ
ŲԭҲ벻ǺųƵİԭȻǰȫ޻ֱ֮߹һɡ

֣Ҷ컹δ֮ǰ𱱾˵һجһĴڣħһ
ǣҶ쵽֮󣬺֣ȴں̵ܶʱսʿǿпЦͨ֡־һСҲƵĽɫ
ⲻò˵һ޴ı仯
ս֮ϣ仯Ī⣬κʶп֣ܳǧ򲻿ɴ⡣Ҷ΢Цѣɲ֮սֻ̽ѡͷȴʼնûгֹ
Ǹʲôͷ֣Ҷ˧ǰҲǲһĻɫλĵĴЦ


163 ҷӢۣ
ЦУʾڽûн𱱷ԭųƲԭǿͷϣ
˧УһƬЦ
쳣Ĵս˵ֻͬһӵһ㣡
ֻҪֻҪҶ˧Ǿǵӣ
Ͳ߱κεвԡ
ʱ
гɳˣ
е˧ǽмӼ鴫
Ҷüͷһ壺Ӽ飿ôʱţ
λűߣЦȻǴ˧飬Ͻͽ˧Сûӵˡ
ɴ˳ȥִ߽Ҷǰ˫ֳһţ˧ȻǼӼѪ÷
Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵ͷֽŽӹڴ֮Уš
ֻǿһۣɫ䡣
ŵĵȻӣ˲ϢҰֽ
ΰ׳Ҳ
ڽʱʶ˲ԾɽĴ˧˹ͬʱڵһվ˧Ǳ߷ʲô£
Դ˧ĶȻ˲ı仯ô涨ȻǷ˾춯صĴ£
ҶδţһֽżƮȻ¡
δأѾĺ뽫һУյǰٹ飡ЦЦ˻ƣޣڵϦٹ飬һ棡
û꣬ҲͻȻסˣ
˧˶һСλ
һʱ䣬˧ѻȸš
ÿһˣǴľ
ЦЦ˻ƣޣڵϦһ棡
⼸֣һףͷȻ𣬺˵ͷϣ˵ļ䡣ÿ˶ͷк죬ͷĿѣֱԼĶ䡣
ЦЦǴ˧Ķӡ
ڵϦ
ô᣿
Ҷֻ֣ʶĽ߬ȭͷ
ͬʱһɫĹâϽθ֡
һǰδľƣ˧ʣ
󣬹˧ϵǱͻȻ䡮ϡһԶʰߣ˸
ţһǵءƥ޶ԵĿɱԭ֣
һ̣㣡
뽫һǷţЦЦ֮ͣ֮ӣ֮ӡ竣ڴ·ơЦЦصţͻȻѪ赹ޡлƵļ󡭡Ϊ˶Ȼʹ˰͵Ϯ£
λ뽫ѾܲסŭĴݣ쵰Ĺ٣Ϻȣʲô
УһƬŭ۾ˣ
ȫһ˶ǰԡѪɱںҲͰˣȻ㹫Ȼ۸ǵˣ
ģȻҽӴӻȥһһǾ壡
Ļ쵰
ƴƴǰսֵȾѪɳǻԭǱĺƽȴǵˣ
磡ɥĲ񣡡
λ鼤ߣŭš
ൣĵĿ⣬עֱ˿ԾɴڳĬ֮еҶ졣
˧ֻôһӣ
ӣǴ˧еϣڣ
񡭡ڵϦ
˧ȥɣ
˧ϽȥɣڹҪ㣡
˧
Ҷ쳤̾Ϣһޱ˵Ҷմһ죬ڵأΨһˡ
Ǹˣҵӣ
ҵӣΪңΪ˶ӣΪҵļ壬ԾڱΪжܴܾѾǲ޵أ
ǷĲµģΨЦЦ
ӵģںģҶӡЦЦĸ׾ͲߣΨоĸ
ҲңΪ˶ӱ᲻һеԭͬʱҲǡǰ¼Դͷ
ЦЦҲãҶ졭Ҷһأ˵Ҳûϣ
תŹŵ彣á
һ֣ѾС
ҹҹҶɫʹ࣬૵ймңмҲйأҼ˭ң
˽ô
Һ˽
ֻһˣһѪˣһһɷһף
ұȥ
Ȼʷϻǧ˿̣Ҳ˲ˡ
Ҷ챳ˣλֵܰڴսҴ˿飬ٲܸսԡ
˷ȥҶôҲٻˡ
Ŀ䣬еһ㣬ҶҶĳУȻѪϴǣΪҶ𡣡
Ҷ£ֵܻвսһ졣
ҲӢۣ˽
ֵǣǸˡ
仰Ÿո˵꣬ҶһȻô˧ʧӰ١
һֺ뽣⣬һ֮£ѾʧԶ
ԭϵɱһ·ȥ
Ҷ죬Ȼȥ
ߵʱһĸûдߡ
ڽ
һ̣Ĺûˣ
뽫ͻȻȵ˧ѣ򱱾ԹۣѪȿӱޣҹ̣ϻؾǣЭ£һԴ˧֮Ϊ飬ĪҲӣ
ǣ
⣬˧ʵͬʱһȡ
ѪҶĻӣֻˣɱɱء򱱾һ
Ҷߵʱ򲢲ߣΪ򱱾뽫һɱ׷
һ̣һХңֵǸ׷˧ؾǣ
ֻ֮䣬ѪҶĵϵӣѾͬһһ㣬뿪˴Ӫ
һ·̹ϣ
ͬһĳڴݺᱼۣ
нԶȥĳҳжǳġ
ǹղΡ˧һΣֻҪѪϴˡһ˵ǵ˵
һ˺һ˵ѪϴǾѪϴǣǰ쵰๼ȫźءڵĵľֻд˧֪˧زر
̾Ϣ
뽫̾ǲ֪˧Ͳˣ˧ϸλ桭֮ԻΪʵ۱رΪǷ»ʵ۱µһݾӶ飬ǹӵ治ô˧˼䣬Ҳûʲôǣˡôرʲô
ڽ޲Ȼˡ
ô˵ǽһ𣬾˧
ԡʲôӢ۹˴ҲСң︸ĸˣ߽ս½᲻ȥһĲսΪ̸һλĽȻ̾ұΪ˧Ҳ
ƨһ˷ŭ˻ȥǷĲТȻΪ̸ջ˵óڣӴ㣡
ǾֻǴ˵һλһ˵㣬̣Ϊʲô
ΪȻǱң⵱ȻҲǡӾһһҲ㣬ô϶ɣΪʲôɣ㲻Ϊ˱ôʲôϵ


164 һҶ죬¹ѩ
λŸղ˵ǸὫٸУӴԺǷݾã͸ҰɣֻҪߵ룬ҳͺˡӪгкдģ㱨ЧңȻᴫǧţһ˵
λ࣬ŭ˵˵һû˵꣬ôôʲôʲôʱ˵˧Ӧûȥˣ˵ӢۣҲӦѪ⣡
˲мغһ
뽫Ĭ˵ΪΪңңʲôǹң
˵ңǹҡң֣һ֡
ֻйûмңֻмңûй⣬һӶ۲ڳʲôô
Ȼͷ
ֻǵĴ˧֪᲻
¡Դ˧̫ˡ
ǰ˧׻زأ
ܴ˧زƬҪס
Ϊ˧

ز
⣬ҶԼҲĻش𲻳
ڴʱ˿̣ش𲻳
ûԼز⡣
Ψһһ棡ûϣ
һ·۵糸һƴ·
ͬһһȼա
һ侲˧˿ȴ飡
ƺߣѪҺָо
ѩվûбסǵĶ𣿡
ѩҶԲס㣡
ѩҺûã
Ҳܾܿ࣬ڣΨһĺӣҲסҾһˣ
ѩ
ǣ
Ҷһڴϼӹ
һҶ죬¹ѩ
Ҷ죻ҵӣ¹ѩҵĶӣҶЦ
һ⣬ʼռִֵֶָϷ
һˣ
ЦЦһ
һҪң
иڣҲҪ·

Ҷ춯뿪֮볽ʵ۹жԵĸ֯ʵͬʱһ
˲䴫˺½ɱкȻ
ʮڽ𣬽ɱҶ죡
Ҫ֮أҶ죬ȴֹǻȡҪ֮صϰ̸ۣ֮֮ġ
жԹɱ֯ﶼгǿ֣עҶһһʱ׼־ɱϰ
Ҷ쳣궺Ӫ֮Уı䱣ţⲻĸҡĸ֯ܺݣֻܱŹ̬ȣ
ΪҶ춯֣Ҫȫİգһʧ֣Ʊػ⵽пѪȵı
ӵһ˲䱩ŭ
ԭɲֹʮ䣬жʮ䣬ҲĺǼºһľΧԭأ߸䣬ǧ˿ƵĹ֮Ӵνһʱ˲ˣӱأһĳԵ伫ΪĿģֶΡڱϣֹͯ䣬νǱʱΨһ
Ҳǳʵ۹вΣԣҪ۹֮ϣ
ȻҶļ٣ȴսľѵİ֮·
ʮǰҶٱ㼴쳽ʱʿľͳϵĲԭչսȻʱʿϾƣҶľսս֮£սʤԭɱ˸ףܿ䡣
ҶĿ£Ҷս棬ȴҶʷ֮ʱɱ֣壬أȴҲ֪أҶ漣һıܿеɱ壬һƽķ˳ʾ
ҶٶȻصʱȴľجεĿˣڽһʱҶľչ˻ԵĴجεľͷǡ·
۰ԲԭľҶϬ֮¡
йߴԭҲûӳҶķʵ֮󣬱ͳϼ沢ͬʷʡ
˵ûҶĵòڱ֮ףûкʲôµģԭԣû˲ɱҶ죬Ҳ룬ĲҸжΪһʧ֣͵µ
˫³ˮ𣬲ݣԭһǲԭ
Ȼ˿̣Ҷ뿪ӪϢҪڼ飬Ѿ֪
뿪ӪҶ죬ٲǸɺ޵ͳ˧ˣͬʱζţɱˣ
ǣһʱ´˽ɱ
漴ɱŷ
ʮڻƽ𰡣
Ҷӱؾǵһ·ϣʱǷȺɱۣ
ɱ֣ΪǸ߶ġһ˵˵ĳͣӵ
Ҷ챾˻δ߳ԭѾɱ
һһϬĽɱ
ǣҶٴԭ½չʾһʵ
֮ǰҶ漣һѳɱ֣壬ʵ漣񻰣Ϊӵл漣һʵ
Ҷһһʲô赲ɱֱһͻΧ˿ͣһ·֮ϣȻûκκܹס벽һܹն޿ƥеķâһ·ͳ壬һ·塣
ͬһŴĿǣȫûκͣڴһ
Ŀ꣡
ϣ
ϣ
ϣ
ǣиɱ֣壬ǰ
Щ˲漣񻰣Զ뵽յģʮڻƽĸ߶ͣһ
½ģبʹûκһ˵ͷֵܹʮڵĻƽ
һôһֵǮĽɫˣô½ϾǾԲܱɱģ飬ҶɱһǧѪ֮ͬ󣬳Ϊ½֪ͬ
һ·Ϊɱ֮·
֮䣬ֻҪɱְҵģ·оսľ
ԭϣ漣Ҳ񻰵ģ

Ҷľɱ֮һɱҲȻ
ɵҶЦ
ϣһʵɡϣһѪɫ
һɱ
Ȼй֪һ£ҶûбɱĻôҲһҪҶϵǳ֮ǰɵҶЦ
ֻҪҶЦˣôҶȻӵķȴҲûΪʵ۹ɣ
һ㣬ǸȻǳ
һȽǰһɱ˵ΧҪСܶ࣬Ҳء
ȴҲܹͬһѡ
˵ҶºҺʲôģȻɱҶЦ˱ڹйϵô
һѪɫ˳ǳǣ

жģǱȺǲˣڵõҶ뿪֮ȷϢ֮󣬱Ⱥǲϲ˻һƴƣһʱ䣬ս쳣
ƴļҳ̶Ѿս
սļӾ磬ʵ۹ڵһʱоӴѹĵ


165 ̫ˣ
Ҷ뿪Ųһʱ䣬ʵ۱¾ͨȷ£ץӥϢʵ۱һ̾
ԭһָָҶܹԹΪءܹʱ¶Ů飬ر
Ȼ֪ȴԲԸʵǰֻһ̾
ʱӶڻʵ۱ߡ
˶˻ʵ۱һ仰
ʮҶĸۡһֻôھǣǰȨֻ˵һϵȨ˵Ѿļ強ѹȫȴһֱɽǿ֪Ϊʲô
ļȻ˵֣ôȴҲûǳʲô鷳
ڵת䣬ȴǴʼῪʼ𽥶񻯡
˵ҶЦΣûڱƲޡƲţ
ǶӵǷݿȴܵ¡ʵ۹Ļҵʹһϡһ겻񡣡
󣬻ʵ۱Ц˵ǵ۹ûˣӣôڻӵȨǵ۹ûˣʸҲûаɣ
Ȼʵ۱µȵˣ͸޹ȥ
̫ӺֵǱ亹乡
ʸҲûаɣ
仰һףͷͬʱը죡
׵ˣ⽹ۣĪ
ʲǲ֪ԼҶЦȻǳͷЩ󳼣ûǣϣͽ仰ȴѾס
£֪
һ棡
ǣһѡǵ۹˶ǣôˡ
վڹţսϵĴѩƬһҷɣ˻ʵ۵ĳ
ޱȿעÿһ˵ɫϣܹһɵɫϲɫΪǽʤ
ֻҪʤϢ͵սתҲΪлңҰעһǿ룡
ǣÿһȴ鼱ȣһˮ̼ĴҴҡ
ս֣ͬʱã
ǺεϾľƣ
ս֪ȶȴʵʩ֮أ
ʵ۹ں½۰µĳ۹Ȼ̶̵ʮʱֳһִýǰܸо
ѵʵ۹Ծӹ½۹
֮ǰʻʵڼʵ۹ΪΨһĺ׳ڶȴһЦ
һеԴͷһ竣һ˽֪竣
Ūˣ컯Ūˣǣ
˿̵ĳʻʵ۱鷿д˼֮͵üһ켶һ飬ǰҶЦΣһҪҶЦŵҶ
ǣһӦ
ʵ۱һЦǰս૵ΣʼҪ޷Ŀɳ𣬵Ҫһ棡
˵գһȻ̾
ȻӲĵֳһ֮У˽ݣȴֻôһΣ
Ҫߣ޲Ҫֵܣûˣ㻹𣿡
ʵ۱ϵϣһƬȻ

һеĵߡĳ竡
ҶЦҶүȻ֪ԼӦ֮ǳ˶鷳
ΪֶӵξȫڻҶүûڼװˡ
ȥ鱦ãܡ
ڳʹشţȻǡҶЦ켲顱Ϊף˷Գʵ۹չΧΪΣڵλģǡ½鱦ͻȻһλ
䶯ǣλ֮衯֮ǰòƻһĽɫ
˭Ҳ벻ꡢĪ̫鱦Ǹٹ̣˿ԺҲûκԽ߲㣬ôͻȻ˸ˣһʲӡأ
鱦滹˵ĺȷλλãҪ֮ϵģ
Ҳ˵鱦¼ϵǻ˵һƶˣ
֪¶֪˵ĳǺε֮
һôҶЦŹ⣬زѵ赭д˵
úúá̫ˡ˷ܵ϶ڷ⣺ЩûɫףҪǲЩĿڴ͸׳죬ǰ׸ôһˡ
ܹжջ񣿡ҶЦʵ
治˵һǰĶͫ׶Ŵˣ٣Щɫʵ̫ˣǵĵرϧΪ״ۣ̫ʵˣ϶дĲģ
ҶЦף˵ŵô
ŵصĹƶۣǰЩôҲܽ׵ֵĵرϡнؿʯٰʮڵǮֻ಻٣
ҶЦĵͷǿ˵ùȥ
ֳݵһŷЩЦãǴǲ֪һѵ󣬿ǹæʮģ
ҶЦȵ˵ܰɣ׬ô٣
鱦ں½ǿ쵱ĽƣҶЦԼĻɫȻֵѾ˺½һϵޣλڵĴ˶ݰɣô˵ҲǸ˹Žǧأǿ£Ҳǧĳܰ
ô׬ô٣
ǰʮڰ
仰ֱסˣ
ľ㶵صͻȻ죬Ҫһ˵˵仰ô˵أ
ҶЦֻܸ˵ֵȷࡣ
ڵɴ۾˵ģҸղ˵ǿһٶڵĲЩĵر
ҶЦ̾˿Ȼ١Щ㾹ȫס
ɫ侹мֻ㱡
ԼòƻС˹ŽأŹŽͷǺܲˣʶȴͣں½֪ˮ׼ϣ
ȫ˽⣬λ棬ؽ£൱Ĳ֣⺮½һڶ򲻵ģ
ЩʱҪöˣȻҲˣЩµҰ£ֻ㣬㲻ãôӴв̫ϧ𣿡ҶЦָó鱦ں½ֲͼü㣬һ׬ǮΪ鱦ĵҴϰ壬һټʮ֣ʧ̬ĵĲӦð
ȻΣ˵Լҵ⺮½Ҳһָһٶڣڳ˵ǼٱӶĲƸλϴ˵ҪĻ
ʲô¶
˵⻰Ҫզ˵أǡ鱦ԲòǼݲ߲ܣʵԶڽĿǰӣѾҼǧŬӪɶȤҲûУֻʣ׬Ǯһ˼ˡ
̾ϢڹٷȻҲܴͨǣһôˣȴʱַ֮òʧ
ҶЦҸ˵ڿʼʲôûʲôˣأ


166 һ飬һ
ֵɴۣ㡭˹ͨ죿
ҶЦһȣ鱨ֲ֯ڸص鱦ֲҪγһϵͳ鱨ΣǮ齨һɱ֯ҪʱٴΣҪ»ǮӵеǮƣӴһ£ҲҪһִ
жˣɱ⣡κιϢҶЦ˲ӣۿŴһƬҹɫҼȻ϶ݵͣһΣô飬Ҫġ
ͷˣȥ죡
µĹҲһҪܽУ鱦Ծԭ鱦󣬾ֻһ׵ĳҶЦҲϽӦ֪ôɣ
ףġ˵
ˣɱ֯ľ徭ֲҪ̫࣬Ϊµߣǵɱ֡ҶЦͣ
Ͱ񵥣ͽСҶЦ˼һ£ͽþ񣡡
þ񣡡߶һ䣬Ŀ֪ס
񵥵Ҫ֣ǷƸ¥ҶЦ˵š
ǣҪסбɱزɱ˴ɱˣִɱ֣ͳһϰ׷ɱ
ϼ鴤һ¡
־ǷƸ¥
⡭Щ̫˰ɣ
һ˶ڰнСҶЦֻ뿴ɹ뿴
ɫ޾Թ
ôһλ˦ƹ񣬺ôԼȨһҲû䣬òƻǿƣǡԺԼĵҲԽԽࡣ
ȵ֮󣬻ϡ͹ˡҶЦ΢΢һЦ׳һն
ʱ໣
ʲôҲûʵݣôܲȸԾ
ֻǡ
һǧһǧۣҶЦĳƣֻǱӡ
ܵƾһЦĶӣʼٸߵ԰ȺףŽˣ

Ҷ
ŸոհѺܡ̹˯ˡȥһСȦξػصҶЦġǰЦЦ˵ǲǽ̫ˣʵˣӴٹҲˣҿе㲻̫Ծأ⡭
ξתͷŷжѻɽЩüչĵ¿۹ҡҡ׹ýĿˡ
ҶЦ˷Ƥػ֣֮вòΪ֮¡ҪԱȷȫβǲЩ쵰ǲȴ£ʵҲδػĺġڵֵ㵣ĵǸ⣬ý㣬ǻûô
ξ̾˿Щصܡ
½⽣ӰػξȻĿ⿴Ŵ⣬һʱ䣬ȻЩꡣ
ȻˣʼھйְػҲ̵ʱգôҲһ飬һĥľθС
񣬿ԼΧĹҾôս˥΢ܲܡ
ҶЦ״ȴǳ˳
ЦȻʶˣȴʼǲŵʱ䲻ּҹ黳ѹûУȻҲ̸ʲôᡣ
ԣѹ˼ɡ
˿̿ξڵӣҶЦͻȻоԼǲʲôֻ˵Ǻʲô
ҹɽ
ʲôǼҹɽ
ҹҹ
֣˲ƺ뵽ʲôƺʲôû뵽
ǰξ꣬Ȼ׳ҡ֪ȥһȻ޷˵Ľʿ
ҶЦΨһͷ
ػ

Σ
ô˼ĵڣͻȻоԼĵƺһ¡
漴һȻͿ
ƺǴһţ泩֮࣬ȴҲһĪ
ռУͻأسĸĴֱֱ֣ШҶЦĵס
ҶЦȻһ
˲ʱ֪ˣԼȱʲôһֱԼǷȱģʲôͬʱҲˣΪǰԼѾ˵Ԫ۷Σǰأȴʼղͻһĸ߶ȣ
ĸ־ǣ
飡
ҶЦէȴһסˡ
顣
֣Ѿ˵˺ܶ£̫̫顣
ԭ⡢ǴҶЦһ
һģƺبžʹڵƵ
졭С顭ǸĳĪζƺ棬޵С
Եϣ޺³Բⲻ֪ǸǴģ棬ڲϣңԿ࣬죬ࡣ
ĹΣ֮𣻲ľвľ֮壻ˣ֮
Σеҹ£ף֮⡣һ;֮٣Щζܵη嵣̸
˵ҶЦϴ乣¡
飬һ˺飿һ֮Ҳ֮һǴ飬Ҳ
ƺƣ룬ܲܿնƺʱһʧ
ãã֪Ӻδ
ϲŭ尮ޡˣ֮Ҳɰʣһ顣򰮶ޣ򰮶ϲ򰮶ŭ򰮶򰮶壬򰮶򰮶
飬Ϊ󰮣ҹ֮֮Ҳ
֮ڣΪǹʣνӢۣԴҲ
ããһֱ˵ȥ
ҶЦڴϣΪթֻţȣ
ξΪȻ˯˹ȥҲͲΣĵ˳ȥ
ҶЦƺڤ֮䣬һЩǰζ벻ͨƲβ͸飬˿̾Ȼӭж⡣ֱһƽǰ裡

ΪŻԼˣ£ԼŭޣΪŻΪȥˣΪԲη
һУΪ

Լǰа
һֱЦ޾еĹ¼ᣬ˭֪ԼͯӹԼȫŮ֮ԵԼһ¶Ȼ̸ϼ֮

ûй
ûа̸Σ˵ʲôػ
̬ȻҲҪϴ
һЦ
һͷβЦ
ҶЦһ鴤
ԼǰȵĲ
˵һУ
ʵҲС
һˣǲǰǰƮƮľӰ
Ȼ׵ԹǾӨ飬һ㣬ڵˤ財
ֿУͷԼǰԼʱӶԼ
ҶЦһ˵ǽطһաұȻṼұȻڵһʱ佫ӵڻУ
л涸ȻһתƺֿԼʱ裬ãã˺Ưֵ꣬һ󷢶ʹ
ǰĸĸΪҪң
Ϊʲô


167 ͻƣ򣬴ɱ
ҶЦпɬʹⱾԶĽᣬ޽Ľᡣ
ǰңһС
һ׵Ϊ֮⣬ʲôûˣ
ӵеΨһѣɱˣ
ǽ
ȻһҶЦ壻ҼȻǾҵ壬ҵΣҵļң
һиĸѣмˣֵܣаˣмҹɽ
ԭһУҵΣұҪػĶ
ԭҽ˵ĸС
ǰûеģǷȱģͳͳӵˣ
ҶЦ³һƺѾˡֻǽ֮ѹˣǰһִ𽥵ĽԼȫɡ
УҶУ
ӵеģػ
ȫҪ
ȫҪػס
ӵˣұ㲻ʧȥ
ҹ½οɰһһЦȻע
ҶЦһ̲סЦЦʶЦЦ
СѾͷͦɰء

һΪһҪػ£ҪĻȥ
еÿһݾʣ
ҶЦţؽɣϲĳȻ״̬֮С
ôʱĵҲȻط췭ظı仯
һƣĵﱬ漴
ԴͷҶЦڵı仯졪
УܲҹգͻȻƿɢ¹Ĺڳգɢ޾ɫ⻪
޵ɫȦ¹֮⡣
һҹεΪۡ
˶Դ׷
ȴûκ֪һ̣ؼϻԪԴ»֮ӿ˼ĳӵ
һܹռŤɫߣ͸񷳤գ볽ǳǣ˽˺ԺҶЦ塣
ҶЦ֮еһֱըҲƵľٶȷţ
޾ռ֮Уӿȣռ䶼Ⱦһ͸ȴɼɫ
ǿŵڵλãۼǼʵʣһʮɷԲɫ͸һ㣬ǿŵڷľֻҪȥ룬ͻɡȻ˿ؼӿֻ˵ǷĿȥԣǵȻˣȴڹӦϣҲγһƽ⡣
յԽԽ࣬ŵĵɫӨĻƣҲŵҲԭһƻô𽥵ıСϴС
Ŵռ䣬ͬӯڤļ֮ԾŴռԵռԾŴռ漫ĺô
ľռ䣬һ滨ĵر֮һͬʮȫҩһ㣬ĳ֦һ֮裬Ȼڼ̵ʱ˺ϸڸǺɢͬһѴɡҲƣ𽥵ţģѾԸɷԲ
Ҷӣɫ֮УѾ𽥵е»һľӨ֣

һУҶЦȴȻ֪ġ
ΪǸڼҶЦˣƺԼΣûκθо
֪֮УѾӯ޵أȴﾹԷ͵ǿѹᴿͷſռ䣬ȻٴαȻٴᴿȻһα
˵ھŴα֮࣬˺Ȼը
оŴѹᴿ˲ȫʧתΪһɫ㣡
ͬʱҶЦ֪泩һϺɫĶʶ˳ȴûиоκһʹûӰΰѵ״̬
ٹƬ̣ؼ佥λָ״
¹գԣȴްΡ
ҶЦ۾о䣬йٵ΢ԼԼڲȻѾ췭ظı仯
ԼҲûĿ꣡
Ҳûа
ˣˣˣֵܣ԰ҹ
ҶЦһ૵үҵĲ𣿡
ȻоԼĿռǱ߷һ𶯡
𶯵ԴͷǡǴŵڶ񹦵Ĵţɿһ죡
ҶЦ״ȻǴϲһҪȥ鿴һ
ǣһ̣ͻȻһëȻĸоȻ
һĿĹ⻪źĽӴһֱ룡
ɱľɱһ
⣡
Ǵ̿ͣ
һĴ̿ͣ
ֻΪɱҶЦ
ͬʱҶΧĺɱӰдģҲдҶ֮ӭУ
ʮˣ˷һҶ
Ҷ֮ڣҲʮӰ˸صˣƴ
t̨ϣһ֮ĺŽ쳹ҹգ
Ϯ
ξХһ˼žҹգУһѪɫ⻪Ѿγһϯصķ籩ɫĻɫųѪɫҶЦķȥ
ξǰķ֮ǰͬʱ֣Ľɱ
һǰһĻƺʲôͻȻһѪһô겻սԭһֱҶң
ξĿȵ֪ƨ
Ѫɫ⻪Ȼ伸ͬʱѪȥ
ԪƷֵĺԵֵסξİԵƣ
ֻһѱش
ԣ㲻һǵѪҲ϶ûʵǰǺţ˭㵽˭
ξѪӲͣһֱҸղѾ˵ʲô֪ƨ֪
һӣͷ䣡
Ѫͬʱξ˿ͣɱһ㼲ٳǰ
Ȼ˳ֵסǰĽŲһĶȻֻˣ˵ΪȴҪǰ˺Ҫߣ
Ϊ˳֮ʣ˸ȻԪ֣
ȻƴҲֻʱ赲ξѣ
˶صξ쳤Хɱ
һȵɱʱϯԺ
ξĵ׾ɱһ̱ȫˣ
òƾʹû
ֱ֮ǰΪǻỹҪ֮ǰ㣬ƴкתΪظȻǱ㣡
һ缫޵ľΪȴǾ类ѹƣȫӲǰԪˮ׼ȻصסԼ
˵ģҲû֪ƨ
һ
ӵȷһǸѪ
Զ֪˭
ֵξ˱ļ٣
ôܲżһδɱģȻѾмͼ书һۡ
һεĴɱǿǰʢ
ĿǰѾĴ̿ͣеԪƷˮ׼ʮλԪɱ֣ȻҲ˲ڰ˸ݣǴɱһʵ۶ˣ
ڣ˹ʢݵĵȴҶЦϣ
ôĿľֻһҶЦţ
һɴɱֽ֮еıɱ


168 ɱ˻Ǳɱ
Էĵסξ
˶ֻ֪ҪξȥͻбԴҶƴ
ξȴʼճ岻ȥХԽżȴԽ岻ȥʵûȫָʱ˵ųǰ۹ڣɾʵץסٰ޼֮£ףȥӣˣ죡죡
̿ͽֵξƣЦһһͲҪˣ涯ֵģɱֽպһɱ磬⣬ҶЦһͷβˣ
ξԴ󾪣ǵУסս˺ѷεĿХһңξҹ֮ȫС֯ɱֵļҾ죬Ȯ
Цú㣡ֲŵвҹٺ𲻳٣⣬¸㣬ûʲô֯ͼҾģ
ξŭսԽԽͣѾǷܲս˽֮С
ȴ֪˿̷Уλνġһɱ治
Ƭ֮ǰϬĽɱ⴩ŴϵҶЦʩԾɱһ
һɱ
һĳ
;Ȫȥ
һǰһǳɣ
ʱ˿̣Ѿûκ飬һ֮ˣԶǧҶΪͨ󣬵ҲܶһԼ֮Ρ
ֻǣǿ󵽱ģԼһǰǿṥƳɹʱӭֹģȴһѹѹޱ
ֶ
ҶЦһ⼱Ϯʱ֪ΪǿǽѾǴɫ֤ѾԪнף
ԼȻнǿ֣òƻܲ
ȻԺȻҪѡսˣ
һһ֮£Ȼƽ˳ȥ˳һԭµNޱͬʱɳһתţ˳ȥγ˼ѵڱηߡ
ˣޱ档
ֻһƽƵĹУȴҶЦȻ֣òԼôô᣿ֱ࣬ʲôƣӵ״ǿתۣһȻѣֱˮһͳȥˣ׾ٵض㿪˶Էһ֮࣬òƻԣ
ͬʱ֮ڵĳǱͻȻըһӿ
һʱ䣬оԼǲܽȥԼͻᱬըһ㡣
Уȶ˼־һơ
־ڱصõһĺȻգȴ߷ˢһޱȻϤⱬޱ
ȴѾ棬ţͿһƵԼǰ
һƵķü죬ǳ֮˵ʵòƺֻܲ켶ʵɣҪôǳɫûأ
ѸٵóжϵһݺԲ
Ҳ룬ŵֺȻһȭ
һ죬һ죡
飡
˫ȭƺ޻ٵĽӴһ
Էһ켶СɫԼʮɹһƣ˵ֱӽԷ֧飬ҲùǶϽۣãֻƵñԼðɣ
ǣȴǴϣǴΥģ
ҶЦû֧ǶϽƺãò˶ûа㣬ֻһΣ͵һһǣ漴ָ벽Ҳûˣ
˵սںߣΪռƵһ֮£ֻһ㿰صһ̬ƴӶԷǿƽ뵽Լƣ
ʵͻأ֣⧲֮£Ӽȭͷϣֱһ˪һ˲òưӶܶˣ
ֹģûֹĺʱԿͷһ˲䣬Ȼˣ
ôģʲô
ҲǾþ֮ΣңǿһԪ͵һһ£ȫΪޱֱⱬŽ뺮ȴѾǻһ亹
һ̣ԼȻѾڹŹȦǶԷΪٸһ㣬ôԼھʮҲѾûˣ
ʲô˭˲ʱǰ˾Բ켶СɫƾղһƣѾ֤ΪԼ֮£ڣпܳԼԤ֮⡣
ɱңȴҪ˭㵽ɱˣ˵ЦģҶЦЦЦڽ˵
ҶЦڣһ̣ȻЩëȻ
ҶЦٺһЦ̫ˣҲòһ¡
ʱ͸оԼˣ
һԴͷ
ҶЦ֣û˵˵̫ˡëȻΪҶЦǿǴҶЦ
ֻһ
ǰһȴզ£
ĸװԼȴɱ
˲ֻԴһң⡭һɣ
ôԼɱ֣ɱ˵Ļɱģ
ֻҶЦ˫һžžʱһֱֻ˻ƽҲƵɫһֻȴ˴ɫһֻƽ֣һּ
ղŵһƣҶЦƽġ
ԼΪȻڲ֪֮бǵȳ̶ȣ
ղųƣȴΪܵԪӯòһ֮ȴԪԾǷӿƺǲ²죡
ҪĻڣղŵһԺ䣬ԼȻȫûκˣҶЦ֣ԼȥȻһ˿ɫɫ
״ҶЦпĪΣ
ԼԭֻõԪƷ֮нԾֻõԪƷˮ׼
ڣȴǻһһ㵽˵ԪƷһʮȹ̵֣
û˿ȵĸо
ղһζ򣬶֮·ȻױȵľЧң֮䣬һ֪ȴ֮ţ˵켣򣬾Բ˷˼һĽ
ҶЦţȷʵ˿ͣƽֽĿԻͣһȴǺֿգнǹĮ΢ЦĶŶˡ
ͷббĳţ˿ϵƮ
Ľ£ЦƣЦ
˹ѧһǳ֣ʱп죬߾ȫмܣһʱ䱻ƵһҲȫעӦԷҪ˵鿴Ķ˵仰ʱҲûˡ
ֻһŭ
⡭ǹǡϲһһöǿеġһϢһѾȥ˾ųɾţҶĶҶЦ
˭ӵⲻǿ
ˣҪǿӷˣ˵ƣ
鱨ϵϣжʱҪһҪ޵ĳ嶯
ǰ㣬ĿһΪֱϬ˷ָĵز
ǿеǸѾ˾ųɾŵĳˣ
ôķһܴ򰡣
УһòƱҵս黹ḻ


169 ˮɱ䣡
⣬ޱȱǡǰ˿еķϲԼҪΪͨɱ֮
ֱһجΣ
جεľͷ·
һ԰ͬеΪ˵ǰȻȫӲ
ıΪԪнףνԶҶЦ֮ϣҶЦҲ˾˵ͻƣ˫ΪԶ
Ϊľ޴죬ȫģ
ԷЩֶ̫ɶˣǻƽ޼᲻ݣֱӾһĺԼĳչ޻ٵĶײԼĳ˿ӣԷȴǽ
ҪĲǽԼ壬Լϲģ
һַֻļ֮Ҫ
ƽýƴһƴɼֻ֮һζܵķݣȫöԷԼκһ֡ԼĽ
ΪǺ˲κý鴫ԼϣôĹ̥
Ȼܣǣսнһߣ
ԽԽԼ䰡ضڴֽԽԽеʱɫȻѾƵһҲûˡ
ĿһתͻȻʼŲ
Ȼһӣ
²ΪˣϽΪȲ
ֻҪӽܹŻȥôĹȻӲݵ׷ɱ
ôģûô˵ģ
ֻһͷָ꣬˵һֻСãȫûκһ㷴һ̲ˡô˳֮ŷ֣Сãһֻϻ
Ҫצױͻ
ⲻпˣʲôǣ
ˣҶЦ¾ѵõػһЦЦʵ
ӱˣѵỹߵöٵһ߶߲ˣûĵ
漴ƵʵУ֮ʱҲ϶ûʵ⡭ô£
ҶЦƽָǽ߰Ƴȥ˸УſգԲ¶һЦ˵ʵ鱨дֻʱ̫ˣʱʵһûͻƣ㴩һ̣ͻϣֻ˵̫ˣôĵ㶼ˣ
Բۣһ˹ȥ
ôɣôã
ô
ȵȣ񲻾˵һûô鷳һͱܹͻƵıƫƫҪʱˣ
⻹أ
̸צ
֮ҾмţоԼѪҪˣòмܶ쳣ˡ
仰ѾǱĵ˼档
ȥҵ񲻾ͱ¶ˡҶЦ¶ѩ׵һЦ㲻ߡ
Ҫɱôɫࡣ
ҶЦüëΪһɱ֣˵ְҵء

治һͨ⣬ʱȻڹҵְҵء
ΪҪҶЦҪߵö࣬ڶڶԷ칦ƺ֮£ȴǰ취ҲûС
Ŀǡ
ֻĸоԼĶԽԽ
жϳԼڵ״ֻ̬ӶδӵõˣԷ˹ֶϬ֮⣬һṦ˼㣬Լ糣Ҳδռˣοڣ
ҶЦٺһЦ֮ǰҿֶıеԿ˽ƽǺǣڿʼֵñˡ
ԸǴʧɫԷղһ˫֣ѾԼôǱԼҪܶˣԷȻʼñ
ҪŪҵ˼
ô۸˵İ
ĿʱֻҶЦйâȻһƿն
ȻûԷıʲô
һȴֻоǰһһգһյĸоû𣬾ֻоؿһһֵ룬ѾؿڣŴ̹ǵĺȻըǿֹС
ˡ
ҶЦ̾˿ĿУžһʮ߰ƣһԵؿڣĺˣһ㵹ڵϣһһѪδ³ͱ˻ȥ
µľܶģȫҶЦȫסˣ
һܶˡ
ˢ
ҶЦһѾͽĺɫ³
ʧɫеʲôһʱл֣̿ĵѵһﻹİã
һǱġж
ӿ군ˡܴ裡
ʲôأ²Ҫ̫Ҿǽһ·ѡҶЦȻЦЦҿɲñ֪ҵʵ
ˢˢˢͽԼϣҲԼϣͷϢҴ桭úõ̸̸룬˵˵δ
ȻоԼһҿǸͼղſˣûӮ˼Ҿͽ˼·ġ
һ֮󣬾͸оһ𽥵³
ˣʵ̫ˣ
ԼһֻҪˡ
µĻڣҶЦʲô飬ʼնǰĴݲȣˮûа㼱˼
ÿһ滺š
״̬ڵУȴӵᣬֲ
ĵˣµĵˣ
ȻһָоȻһĽǡҲķ緶ôɱһ·ϣȻиĽ
ҶЦȥɱ֣Ŀϧˡһĺܲ⣺ЩȫһʮӦþ߱ģ
̥һʮô
һҶЦʲôܸɴؽԼ£һתˢһƮƮĻһɫӰôӴƮ˳ȥ
еģȻĽ
һĽ
أ˸Ѫɫ
˿̣սȻѾȥ˰ȻĵزξһѪɫͬһ㣬һ֮ѹס˰˸ɱ֣أƴ߳塣
ǲô壬Է壬סǲҶЦķ벽
ϰ֮ʼξ޷ͻơͽ޹
ѪһҲԡѪɱı̻ѾΣҲĺɱȻԷкԤȻҪžҶЦһԮ
ҶЦһϮ£ӰƮƮƶȥһɭɱ
ȻǸղϵĶʣ
ģµ޶£һģһ
Ǽ˼ʱͷģҪ˵ҶЦѾ֣˻Ƶ˵սپ
ˢһ
֣
˸һ䡮սپܸɴתͷȥȫξΪϴҲҪΧʱİٱ
Ϭ֮󣬰˿ͷĵˣ
˸һֱжŨص㯣ôϴɱԼ
⣬Ϊʲôأ


170 ۸
ҶЦ磬ξǰӹ۾ʱգ£գһ£㼴ʹ˸Ǽ̿͵Ѫ֮С
ξ㶣漴Ȼ򣺡Բۣ
ղųԼգգۣȻҶЦ
ҶЦһ棬绢ȺһɱȺ֮Уֱ籩һսȦ֮в䡣
ֻһ˲Ĺ⾰ȺʮɱԩĽ¡
ҡۼΪʵֻΪԼˣԼһˣûзûüӦͱܼĵطأԻΪǿԮսдԼڿһĵڣȴ뵽һ
вԴˣ֪զ¡
գ۹򣬲ʮ˾ôϡͿصˣɱҲڶӦӦ䣬ȴѴȥӣɱһͲռŵ̬ƣ֣Ʋѩϼ˪ֻ֧ŵķݣҲɡ
ҶЦĿһɨ֪ƶתһⱬ䣬һͳǽͷ漴һ
һЦģֳ徣
ȻҶЦĿǰǲߣȫһһЦģȴ⣬ֻҪܿ˵ĶĿ׷٣ʩչһЦĿνţСԣ
ڳκһĸ֣һǸͻȻɱ˵ĺ˵ôʧģ
ҶЦ뿪ûʹɱַ棬ѹ⡣
˼λڸξ˴ɱУи糱һ֮⣬߸к¡¡ѾȻǳһĴԮˡ
һͻأغڣһɱȫͷһȴԮʿסΪߵļɱһѪ·ǱӶ֮⣬Ĵ󲿷ɱֶΧʱͱնɱһɶ
ս˸һ䣬һļλֻսξͳҶЦķ
ҪģɾҶЦ
սΣûʵ壡
ҶЦµģôȻɱٶĴ̿ͣҲʧְ
ĳξȻǴɽƶΨһ֪ҶЦûµˣȴڵһüصȥء
һˡô鷳ɾʹˡֻһ۾֮Ҳ㹻ʵץסһˡ
ξһȣȴ򿪷һֻĿǽ塣
ңϵҶЦȴǰţɫƣòƺܲÿάֵǽһĵУ˲ͬʱһڴ
ξ֮ȻҶЦξΪĳܹʱϻءװࡱһȴҲȻСֶΣղһṦֶ֮˵ãԼȻȫʢ֮ʱṦֻҲͲ˰ɣ
ллأ
Ĩһͷϵĺˮһϲáĵҡ
ҶЦû¾ͺá
һ̣ٺ֮࣬ŨزȻȻĵ𣺡ղǸ˭˷̿һĴ磬һɴ̿ϿݣȴΪͻȻﷴǣоǣ˵ṦҲߵ̫ˣ뿪֮ʱôЩ˾ȫҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ҶĪǸˣȻлĻᶼû¡
⣬δӰۺȻȻһĪӣĿӣϷҲ֪
զ֪ң˭ȥ
һƤ˾ƣҶңǲ㣬ȴ˭ȥ
ڸ»صҶǱ䱸ҶЦҲһţιܼҲһ۲գĶֶӡ
Ȼ֪ǣһδɱû¶棬ȴҲͬսһ
һֱڰһӺˣҶЦαװĺ˳ʱҪ׷٣ȴͻȻһ˺£
ΪӸߵó棬һֱǷ겻͸һ֮ס˴֣Ȼ
Ȼֻһ˲䣬ʧ
ҶЦαװĺȴҲѾҲ׷ˡ
Ӻ˼ը˶Ƥ
䣡ֱǻˣƿڴ
ǸסǵˣȻ䡣Ҷ϶֣Ϥúܡһͱ˳
ʵɫĽ̫ۡ
ǷǰҶΣգҪҶЦգⱾǹӵûü֣Ǳ߾ˣҪ׷٣ֱסˡסǵĻǵһɱ֡
һƣ˵¿ô˵
˴ͷɥ
˵ҶЦûǻȥҲӽֻʵǱôˣûгԹȿ
ΪҪҶЦأǿȫ޹ϵ
ֵڰ֮С
ȵȫʧ
ӰٴһȻһЦҹʧ
һδɱΪ½һɱ֣Ȼ类֪ͨˡҲľˡ
ǱҪֵģ
Ϊ˴ɱΪ˱
ȻҲ£ľ֮һҪġ
Ҫҳ֣Ҿͳ֣
ǲҪ͵û
ҶЦģĵǡҶЦ᲻ᱩ¶ݡһ࣬Ϊһһ
ȻʵǡȻ裬ǼҲ׷ٲҶЦվǳˡԼо˺ܶ࡭
Ҳһء
ҶΧֶһػ
ػ˵ͭǽڡˮйͨ
ξע£ҶЦͻأ۾ŴŬŬ
ξ״һ첱ӣĿɻ󣺡
ҶЦͷ
ξһֻһ˱棬Բѡ
ת֮䣬һҿ
̿ͣҶЦӦͷģҸղŴľ·
ξŴ졣
ԼֶӣҲ̫ɶ˰ɣ

һȥֻһǰƣ֪һжѾȫʧܣ
ʵϣԴҶЦ·ȥ֪֮ҶЦҪʲôҲ֪һжʱʼѾ׵ʧˡ
ܸɴر۾Ļ˵ɱҰɡ
ҶЦһЦֺ£֪ԹżΨһô
شһڳĵξһ塣
˼ҶҪˣôǺأ
˭ɱҵģҶЦʵ
⣬˼˺ܾãɱʼʱ򣬾Ѿʼ˼
һδɱжǲִٽУʱ⣻ȴܹڼ̵ʱ۵ôɱǰңҶЦԶԣЩȻװһȴ־Բͬһ֯Ӧɱ֯ж
ʵж֯ߵʵɾͺܲһˣ˵ģ֯͵ÿֲˡ
߰ʱؿĵˣκ˵ͷһ
Ķ֣ҶЦҲԣ
֪ԾЩԺ
ζ벻ԼݺȴôһʮСҲûзĻᣡ
Լ˵̣ôĲʵ


171 Ҳ
֪ҶЦƽĵͷ۾ʲô˼
ƽǺܵĮģȴ֪⼸̲صıεľ춯أԼһʱܻɢĸо
ԼشֻǻشòãԷ⣬ôȴԼľԾ޵Ĳ˵
治֪˾ֻǿɱѣǱΪǮɱ֣һʲƸ޷ܡæ˵
Ϊһɱ֣һɱ֣ҲѿĿأԼҲûпöأ֪ΪΣڴʱ˿ʱַĵĿ־ȴԣ
֮
ߣ£ѾһĪݳޣ
ҶЦ̧ͷһ£漴˵
ǡ
ҶЦһ½ɱְʮһɱ
ʱ
ţоܽġڣȴоĪ裡ѾΪ˵Щʵ޵ݡ
ҶЦ۾ضڷл˼
Ҹѡ񣡵һңڶҶЦն˵·ѡ񣡡
㣡ԥѿڶ
ֳԻһסˡ
ҶЦû뵽ѱɱֻ˳ô죬һջĻûü˵ңһΪɱ
ԷѾǰʹӦˣ
ԷôʹӦأ
ô죡
òȫԥأΪɶôʹ죿
˿̵۾ȴҲһƬԺ
Լû뵽Լôô׵شӦ˹˳ԷղǾʵʱ򣬾ʶؾѡ˳
һ֮࣬Լĵ׵ľδؾͱҶЦĲٶ٣
ܺáҶЦĿһ£Ӧ̫ˣҺ⣬ĺ⡣
Լܲ죬ΪλӦô죬벻ͨҸղôѿڶĴӦءһơ
ǹֵһ£΢һ£һҲð
ôôͶˣ
ȣóҩҶЦһ裺׵ģȻӦˣһǴӦ÷ǳʹ죬ȴעܷܶġЩ飬ԺҪڣȴбҪġ
ҶЦϵҩɫò
һ£ҩһȥôʹԼԺٲһɱ֡
һ˵ūţ
ѵؿš˼ţƬ̣ͷǴ乣һЩŤãܲ𣿡
˿̵УԳ˰ζ
ڴ˿֮ǰ˸гһ˵һĻ߻֮Աǣǰν֮ǾϿɣ
ǣ˿ֵ̣Ļȴı˵ˣ
ֻǣʵֻӵʧɥ
ҶЦ΢Цţģȴն˵ܡ
һر۾
ˣ

ˡ
ҶЦƣȥ鱦
ҶЦ֮ǰ˵һɱ֯
ɲһ飬Ҫ̸ʵʩĶ
ڵȻδǺʺϵѡȴѾҶЦջ
ҶЦеѡȻ䡣
ǡȴ˳ġ
һˣɵˡ
һԣѾ˱ʵĲ
֮ǰڴԥ˺ܾãתͷ˵֮ǰӦʹ죬Ϊ
ҶЦЩ˽ЦЦף֪
ͷӲϾȻ¶һ˿ͣƺҪ˵ʲôȴûټ͡תȥһֻɫʧҹ
ξٺЦ仰ǺǺˡ
ҶЦ˵ܸоȷ˵˵ʶֱǳ񣡻ڣԼ֪Լı¡
ҶЦֱ¡ȴһױȵ츳
Уء
ξȻȫףҶЦ˵ʲô

ңҲֻӡȷչ˵ˡ
ҶЦ˵
ôˣôƾôһҩ裿ξЩĿҶЦ
ղǺԵı¶־뿪˵֮Ҹû˵ĵطѰϸʲôģҶЦⷬΪǳ˰
ԹżΨһ仰ô˵˵ģܻм˵ԸأҶЦͷڻֵȫţǣٲ꣬аգʱߣɱͷҲߡ
ξƲƲ죬ⷬȫţ
Է
ɱֽ磬ԶԶ䣬½ɱаУҲܹǰʮ
ôô׾͹˳ˣ
ƣܵһʱȴǳ֮ƣҪϣԷԸء϶ϲߵֹ˳
ֱЦ
ҶЦ˵ʲôֱʲôʶξֻҶЦڷƨϣôĶ
ξܾкܴΣ̫ʵˡ
ҶЦڵı۾
Σ
Ǵ˵治ãȻɼ
ĳĹ˳ĹôԼȻͶұһ£Ҫ˵⺮½ֻҪԼַ©һЩķ򡭡Ҳͳǰɱ֣
ֻһУͿôѡˡ
һˣɡ
ҶЦ۾Ҿôǰûзɵʸ񣡡
ʲô˶ӵзҵʸ񡣡
ҶЦһЦ
鱦Ϊʲôξ뿪֮ǰվ̲סʳ仰
ղҶЦûбܻξ
ξ⣬ҶЦֻЦЦ壬û㣬Ҳ¶ʱ򡭡һ죬֪ڣΪұܣΪǿү·ĺ֡
ξĬȻ
ͷ
Ȼ˳ȥ

鱦
Ŷһʱ
Ҳ벻λүո˵˽һɱ֯һɱ֡ңλɱֻڴ·ϺպĽɫ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ô˵ѵ촽
ʲôô˵㣬ƣ㸺š𾪵ؿǰɽоѹȡ
ԲۣôġȻǸˣ
쵰ôûءƽһμ˶ġˡ
Ȼ鱦Ĵϰ壬Ծ˶ԣͬһصĴڣȻǺ½֪Ķɱ֣ȴδۣз֮ƣͼˣ
ǡү̽ʵ
ֻ֪ơ˼ôй¶ҶЦκܣ
ԼԼǰ;ڿɾ˼һ֮䣡


172 
ҶЦԣԹżΨһڳ־߽֮󣬵˻һ˸η
ֻҪһҶЦֱЦݣͻһִ򺮲ĸо
ȴҲľ
Ϊһ̣ƺһͻȻӿͷ⣬Լı˵Ļᣡң߻Ϊһεͷӵ޾ǰ;
ֱʶ˼롣
˼ʹ֮£Ҳû룬ѿڶͱʾ˹˳
ҶЦԡ
ҲȷûʶԼֱжôţƣҲǲ֪Ȼ
ðɣһ£ҪӡȻз֮ƣҲֻӲͷƤλɱֽ⡣
ɱ̸Ҿ뻹Ҫô⻹ƽͷһ⡪ڴ֮ǰϰһµġɱ֡
أֶΣͬǸˣȻܺţӦ˵ɱϰͶһֱܵĺ£
й鲻Уϰƽ˵ЩƣҽǷиʲôǡ»ǻẦµġ
⡭ƺͻ
ڽүĺͼƽ꣬ϰĭͷһη֣Щӷү˵ֻҪ仰ԼȻһĭ
᳹סķǶһɱĿɿڴ˵Ҫһͳɱֽ磿
߻Щĺ塣
Ϊ֪ɱ֣ϵòϵ֪ܲ
ǰִʩֶβĻɱֽô췭ظı仯
߿ô˵Ժ󽭺еɱ֣ܱ֪֪ɱ֯ɱ֣
̫ˡ
ȴҲͬʱһ󼤶⡭Ǵҵ
ңдĳɹᣡ
˵ǸصҶЦҶӣ˵ǰλȻǴ˵е鱦ϰ壡
ûɻ߲죬ϰ屾ҲǺصģͬǴ˵е
鱦޾Ϊ֧ţΪٷݣɱ֯ϯ½Ҳʱ⡣
òǵһġ񲻾͵ǾߺͿߡԺӵ֣ΪǧɱĤݵĶһ㴫˵㰡
þ񡭡ֻ֣оѪڡ
ǵĿ꣬ȻǳԽƸ¥ʱоһΰʹУ
Թŵм˸ҽĿ궨ڷƸ¥ϣ
޴ΣգҲʹž޴Ļ
ƴһѣ
Ŀȷһ򿪡ȻȻչ²ۡУҪעʲô̿Ļ󣬾շѣδͷ
ɲǼ̸Ȼ졣
һϰĿǡһϲΪһ룬Ȼǰλĵɱ֣
ҲǴ½ǰʮɱֹ֣ŶԷϿϵͣ૵˻˵

ҶеҶȻǲЩ飬Դ֮ͻָ֡˻ƣһϢıУȻã޾ռ档
»ҫ֮񹦣ڿ˵ڶ㡣
ҶЦԴ˱Ȳڲڳ˻ᣬһ
һռ䣬˲ʱ͸оմͬķΧ
ռгŨŨ̶ȣȥֲָĸ߶ȣ
һȥҶЦоЩƣһŨУʱǺһ¡
ܱ̫ŨǺĳ˵òֻüݳˣ
ȿȿȡ
ҶЦš૵ԴԵѾ̫ϰˣȻԵȹ־ϸɽ亣ζθһʱ侹ܲˣ˭˵ɼףһҲװ
Ŵռ䣬Ȼμ
ԵģµŨڸռ䣬һѵ֮ľռ䣬ֱ˼㣬ȥ֮Ŀ
һĪؼǿŵ
ǿԪֵĵȻѾϴС
ԭȣֱ
һֻϵȻûʲô˲õģһϴСġȴǷǳЧġ
ҶЦȤָһ£òԾûκεĶһβ̵ʱ䡣
ϲ֮⣬Ĳ죬ȴмĴһŲ֪ʲôʵ棬顣
١
ڶ㣻һڶ㣬ȻѾ٣
سţɿ٣ֿ£ʣ֮ǧ
ҳһнɫ֣ôҶЦԴ룬ڶĿھȵһȻ˼ְҶЦҲһ˲䣬ٶȽĵϢ֮У
Ĳھʱʲô֪ˣȻûз֣ǿŵһοʼ˾̺ڿռ֮еޱǿŵзӵȥơٴ㺣
棬ҶЦ壬˼ҲڷԵı仯ԭױɵĲҵɫȻĪĶ˼־Өζ
ͺһʵھԼĹʡ
ξæһӣһ߽ҶЦʱһĳɫʱһ
Բۣ
δܹĿɿڴ
ʲôгɣۣԪ֮ʱŻ־ξӼһߣҪԪڣпܳ󣬵Сôھ͡
ôˣ
ΪдмҵξʶҶЦСȻĳҪؿڡ
϶ǲܱˣ
תȥӵɻ󷢲κˣ׼빫ӷ䣡Υߣɱ⣡
Ȼξһ˶ſţأһĴ󲻵⣺⡭զ£
ռ
֮
ҶЦ״̬ת۾૵˵ˡ
վһ
һʼȻǰ
һ̫֡ޱµƣױȣ
ѩǷµͷκθı䣡
಻ᱻκӣ
ԭҶЦ̾ϢһеɫԽԽ
Ȼֿʼڶ飬һͻأֵ顪
˼顷
е飻鷽Ѱܶ䣻֮飬֮Ҳ飬Ҳ
顭
ҶЦ૵ţǶ˼ȴƺǺˡ
飡
á֣ԵЩпˡ
ҶЦ̾Ϣһ૵Ҷϣҵ֮·ҪΪעҪģ
ҲҪ
ҶЦһˣһ͸ֻǿЩʶԼԺ֮·ǰײͬҲȫһˡ
Լ֮·ϣȴȻǳ˸飬κԱ⡣


173 
һԻ˶ʣĥҲȻ࣡Щ¸ǲɱ⡣
ҶЦ̬ȴѾȫķˡ顯ĸ֡
ЩãӵˡҾͲʧȥ
ˣ
Σ

ǿ
٣
ߣ˼ںһ͸ҵԭɡҶЦţ૵Ϊһ飬һ

½ϷƼ䣬ս֣ݱչʵ۹ϿգÿһĴƷ࣬ͷش

ǰɱսݱ죬ɱ춯ءѪôƬսϡ
ڲԶɽϣȴԶȲƷԹɱƺ޶ãһжôѰ
˶ٸ죬̬񻣬ɷ
ȴŮӣң绪ǵŮˣ
֨
һԽ
һֻƷƲм£ڰлһĻȣˢһǰԲھؿˡ
һŮˣְɴɴϣһɡ
һ֣ʹӷȡһСɵĹӣеһ۵ֽ
չһݣҲɵһ¡
һһʮɱִɱҶЦһһʮݣ֪䡣ҶЦȻȫ޶񻯡
̵ܶһλ
Ů˵һжȫûҶ̶Ѩľ𣿡
ԱߣŮô
ҵĴɱʧˡŮӵЦЦִɱҶЦɱ֣ȫû
Ůͷԭˡ
嵭ƺҲûʲô˵ġ
µҲѰŮӵȻ˳ȻҶ䱸ɭϣʱҲʺһչжʦҪˡ
Ůӿ˳Ŷ
ʦǵǰʵ۹ˡ˳Щǵ˵ĹȱݣѾȥü޿̲ݻĵزˡңǸ֮裬ĿΪģǽ
İŮͷ죬ã૵˵Ҳǲ㣬Ŀǰ״̬һ֤ǣַҲԸ⡣Ҳκ˵֣Ӵҵ塣
ᵽ⣬˳ɫ˲ʱ˴첼Щ޵ݵ˵ʦǰο࡭˵Ѿ˵ȥֻþȵҪ
ԼǱǸ˵֣Լӡ
ʦҪǲȥҡҡ˳ҧǰװױռ˱ˡҡ
ֻҪһһֻȵĴ־ԼСֹĸо˳ͻоЩҲӵĺˡ
ʦΡӦȥҲбתءҪʵڲС˳ҧٳԱİ취Ϊ
üٶȳãһ̾
̧ۣŶͽеĽǺαĵ뼱Уһ
Ϊʦβ֪ΪΪʦ⣬ҲգҾȥһˡ˰ɴ֮ԵľᣬΪʦ棬Ҳ˳㡭㣬һЩϰɡ
˳ɫһɷףʦؾ뷨ȥʣ鶼ҪᣡΨһĿģֻΪ˰ʦ֮ǣ
֪ΪΪʦ롣֣˳ͷҲҪôûа취Ҳʱ䣬Ϊ㸸ʵİҵɨһЩϰҲʦͽһ
ЦЦ⺢һТ˳β֪ûôСҷʲôˡ
˳סʦͷһů૵ʦ
˵ЦţǴȰ˿ٵȻ
Ѵ⣺Ǹ֮ı£ܹϵҲԲӴҵ塭ҲЩ˵޷ԼͻĻôİԼ˵ģɳǴҲɱһ췭ظ
һ½ΪͽһЩʱ⡭߾ԼУһι˰ɣ
˳۾ʦҲǰش⣺ΣҲҪʦĺ֮ǳ԰ġ
ʦһʮеˣԣһ·ϣйڼҹµ鱨ȫһŲ
һУƺʦΪǰᡣ
°ҵеʱ䣬ʦֻһ
ֻܶѡһҲֻѡʦ
ʱ˿̣ʦͽ˽ˣȻ˴ĶһǷǢ飬ȴ˶ܹŨŨظܵġ
磬˳ͣԼйصож
ȫһʦɽˮ
ʼɵĵӣ׽磬ǲ̫ͣõģ˼主°ҵʼջǵġԣҪԼȥȡ
˳˵
ô˵Ȼһָ߸ϵζ֮ǰЩȰȴǺȻֹ
ǵģȻǱµŮһֻѾ˴Ѿע˼ؽ硭Ȼˣֺαǿأ
˳һ仰ΪԼ·
֣һжǵʱ˵ɣֻϣûпǺõʱĪҪǿңκηʽκֶΡ
硣
˳ʦͽˣʹ뿪˾Уһ·飬ųǳǷ
뿪ʱ
Ҷ뿪ĵ죻ҶЦɱڶϡ
Ҳһڳʵ۹鱦󴫳˺䶯½ľϢ鱦ĴϰĿǰǳ鱦󣬽һ֮󣬾ʷǰᣡ
ʱе
УһƷҩԪʮö
Ʒҩ׽ʮö
Ʒҩϴ赤ʮö
Ʒҩͨʮö
Ʒϵҩƽö
Ϣһʱ𾪣䶯̶ȣڸ֮ս֮ϣ
һεѾһ񻰣ȻһΣȴֻԪѣû뵽ʱãȻƷƷƷĵҩˡ
ңȫǵ񵤣
ô൤񵤰
鱦ں½һ鶥Ľƣ˵Ļûвֹļ¼Ÿû˻šϢ
ϢһͺĪ䶯
漴ϰһݸǴ˴ݴڰ٣鱦Ӵڴ½ýɢ
仰ķɲһ㣡
һӵмǧʲĳУܹĳŵ¡ǻм٣ǳͷˣ
ǡ


174 Ҷ˧
һӣǾԲὫһССڵҵھްԵλģ
ɣϴûгɣ׷׳
ľӢ֣ƷʦҲ׷׷ӵ
Nĳٶ򳽻ʵ۹Ƿ㼯
һεƣԶԶ֮ǰȻ½ľӢųǳǻ۵̬ƣԾһƼʻᣡ
绢
ƫƫǸսʱ̣
ЩˣᵽһֲѰζ
ڴַ֮һһóʵ۹ϲΪ鱦ṩΪ䱣ݻһҹ֮䣬鱦Ȼһٷ
ʱֵ֮꣬þͻʱǳҲʺô֡ڹ᧿ΣĳΪˣȻԣϽɹ⡣ҳʿɱУ
óһ󣬸˴κ½ս֮Ľʿȴģһౡ
Ϣʵ۱Ҳˡ
㣬һ鱦ɽ֮عҲﵽϵ֣ǧҲδûпܣ
ͻǧڴأôȥһı𣻻ڣȥһڵ˰İڣɣǶʮڣ
ʵ۹ʮӯۣòҲûôడ
һӴ󵽼֣
Ǯһսս
ʣĳ¡
Իʵ۱µκˣκøһһҪ˳ɣ
̩񰲵ʱ򣬻ʵ۱¿϶ôֱӡֵƮҡ΢ʱ̣ͻôһǿԮʵѩ̿
鱦Ҳ̫øУһɸʿһɿƲ࣬أֻҪһˣҲüʮڣ
ЩǮ㹻սֵϺˡ
ȷһʳǣ
ԣһҲܿأжλ־Ϊһݻ֧ҲȫԱȡݼ٣ʱ
һʲô紵ݶѹ
û˻ΪԳܲк
£һ˵ǾڱУ
سŵǿɲôˡ
ر˴γ飬鱦֮һٳɣҼʵʩ
֮裬ǮǹȻ˽飬һУΪרΪˣҵȲ
ǣ
֣֮Ҳһҹ֮Ǽ쳹£
ҡһΪһĳӢۣż񡪡Ȼòƾûм֪λż񵽵׳ʲôС
Ⲣ½˼ҽ֮ĳλ߸߹
ϵĲ²⣺λ֮츣£֮ǶǺֶ֣֮һλ־ʿ϶ˬѣ磻һӢٷ磬Եѹӣꡣ
ĳʵ۹ŮںţһǷ֮費ޣ
Ǻ֮һʱ£
˽֮³֮Ϊ£
ɴ˶
ȻǺ󻰲ᡣ

֮裿ոտʼ·İü˳ǲǾˣػ˳λ
˳ҧź촽Щȷĵʱû˵鱦ľ鱦ʲôʱһʱȷ
˵ʱȷʵ˳Ѿȷˣ
֮裬϶ǡΪԼˣȥǸˣ
û뵽쵰Ȼصô
˳ҧ
ߣѹǻ쵰ʱУѹֵʱܸõ񵤡
ߣ쵰ȻˣŪ
ټһҪÿ
˿˳ĿЩ䣬֮裬ͻȻоЩΣա㣡
ע˳һҪرģҪв
˳ҧ촽ǣͽ֪
ķһǰ̾ϢǱһϣʵǶˣǧҪһʱʧ㣬֮ӡ
˳һʦͷİɡ֪ô
ЦЦŵ˵ͽţͽ˼Ҫҵ͵ȥ㹻ѵġ
˵ţƤЦЦ
ʦͽ̸ͬʱ
ǳǷ档
ͷֻԶһҫĻԻͽһֱһ˲䣬һѪӰѾ˳ǰ
򿪳ţ
һϺȣ޾ǡ
ǽȻһ֮˼£
˹ƣֱʯ쾪ף
Ҷ˧سǽϸϱʶʱһȵţ쿪ţ
Ż򿪣Ҷ˵һ˽һţ
Ҷ˧ôѪأԺ֪ͣǷϸҲûô£Ƶʵ
Ϥ̾ϢһҶ˧һ·ӵоΧ֮ǿгġ˧ĶĿǰֵδ֮ʣ˵ֻһϢд棬Ҳֻмˡ˧ܲ
զأ˵˵
˵ǡȼ󳼼ҵ竹һСԹɱְҶӡҶ˧ϻˣǳǳǣֻҪӿˣ
Ǽ쵰͸ʰڴ˧ڻǼҿ϶Ҫùˡ˶ֻ
Ǽһ϶ǺòˣȴϣҶӼܹ࣬ȹ˽٣ˣҶ˧
λϱǵͷ
ȻʱֻϿͻȻһߴ͸Եı죬һ컨ʱͬҹһĴɫʣڳǳϿγһ֣
Ҷ
һ̣һ㿰춯ء
򱱾ʿҶϣ
һҰԵҶˡҶ죡
µˣȫ⣬оȻһ
Ҷ˧һķˣ
Ǳ߻ûңѾټټھ򱱾ȫʿ׼һĹزΣ˧ֻ¾ҪչѪϴǵıжˣ
һ̵ĳǳǣ˷罹һĴȣ
еĴ֡

ţһͿʼڳǳ˷಻
һΪʼһ˲䣬Ȼóǳĩյ֮ǰĳţ
˶оԼصضһ£
ǼΧҶЦ¶˵ģһɫɷף겻壡
һִͷĸоô
򱱾ʿ˷λ㼯нӽŵģȻֱӾͽӹ˳
Ҷ˧ǳȫǽϣ˵ȣ
Ҷһȣ𶯾ųǣڣǳǣû˲֪Ҷ˧ˣ
ʹ֮С
ʵ۱Ŀ⸴ӣ̾Ϣ
̫ӸС
̫үɷס
Űأڻصı죬ӶЩ
һοҶ췢쭣


175 ؼңɵˡ
̫үҲˡΪԼĸʣҶ죡
ģٲһ彫Ҷ죬һ棡
λ񣬾ڻصǵĵһ̣Ȼչֳױȵĺ
Լ¾ӵľƿ
˵޷죬˵޼ɵ
Ҷв֮ģԻλ֮ģʻп֮ô
ҶЦղΣҶ췴㣬Ѫϴֹô
Ҷĳ;֪ԼǺҶЦĻ֡
̫ӲȥˣȥҲԼͱԼˣ
ɣҶܹȥ֮ʲҪǣԼ
ҿ̫Ӵ˿̫ӸڴڣӳͷԶľˣ
ĿһƬֱ̳죬Ȼһ֧ëȻľӣƴظϹ
ҶµѪҲڸϵ
һ·֮ϣѪս˼ǧƥ
һȴǼ׷ҶĽŲһǰһ󣬽ŵ
һ˪ͷ糾ƣ
һ˫˫۾ȴԾɱڣ
Ҷ
һ缱ҶߴͦεӰȻͣǰüͷ򱱽֣һʱ䣬Ȼһɽӵָо
ļ٣ڵ֪ӵİΣ״Ǵ˿ص˼ǰһʱ侹ҽȥ
Ϊ¡
ԼһȥͿһϢ²֪Ķӣ
Լһȷ˶ǻ
Ҷ˧ˡغļһĵĴǰ
ѾȺ˺ü졣
Ȼˣ飬⼸竵ļˣǵӴ˿ѱʵ㣬ҲֻЩ˿Դų߶߶Ҷغ֪õ½Ļãϣͼһҡ
ҶʹЩǣȻǲǽȥģ֮£Ҳֻſڵš
죬ڵȵҶ糾Ϲ飡
Ҷüͷʲô
ฮܼһЦ񱻱½㣬ǲūǰҶ˧𷣡˵Ҷ˧ʲôҪ󣬶һ㣬аּۻۣǴ˧ԲϢŭӾͽ˧ϴϷаԹԣ˧ɱ˹ӣҲǹӾȡ
ⷬฮܼҶ׫ǵ֮ڣܹʮ꣬ǳĳˣгǸ˵ϴϷԽΪ֮٣Ҷ쵱ɱ֣㲻ԴС֮ӣһ򲽣Դ˽ȥҶ֮ĳޣҲǱˣ
ฮܼҶ˻Ҳ׷״ȿֺ˵û
һʱ䣬Ĵ糱
ȫҹҶ˿Щˣһ䣬Ȼһ͵ľüҲʮˣһ⣬Ƥһ㼯塰˳ȥ
֮УȫѰˣвߣȻû켶ǿߣȴжؼ֣Щ˶⼸ؽƸĻԺ֮ˣ֮ǰ֪˴ɱҶЦҶЦˣ޷ճãȫɳ˱Ķ֣Ҷ˿̣߰λؼ֣Ҷһ֮ȫ޿֮ܣһ޶Ӧɡ
˿̣һɫɷ׵ĿҶ졣
ʵǿɾɲţ
ԶԶԶĿߣڿһĻʱͻȻһ޾Ŀ־ӿͷ⡭ԲԪֵʵ
Ҷ죬̫˵ʵ΢ǡѾķĳ֣
һƬ
οǱ̫ӿӵòᡣ
Ҷ֪Լµ֣¡Լһ
ֻԶԶҶЦ˵˧ڱҹԡѪɱڱжȴھǱ裬ʿҾ챻޹ѹ֮£ţܻͺúõһ£û뵽ڼȻ˲֪ˣһȺ壬ȻֱӶҶº֣Ī˵ֻʲôһһҲ䲻Ҷ
񼫣ɥĲ񣡡
Ҷ˧ûǣǷϻȫҹȥӣҲҪκ⳥ȻҶ˴˧ҲҪһ¾ˣҶ⼸ҡ
Ҷһָͷһĵȥ⼸ҡҶ챣֤һһֻȥ

һϺȣʮǱӡ
Щؼڣһ⣬һҶǷݰսɱ϶м˸ɴ൱ŵ˿ӡ
˧
ſڵλѪͬʱ򵹡
ЦЦôˣҶһƽȡ
λѪͬʱͷأҵӲ
Ҷ쳤һ̾·һ㣬㻹ľ棬ٶ»ûʣֻҪûϣԼѾˣܸӴת漴̤߽Уȥ
ӰȻ׳ͦΣŲԾɴǣǣӱӰȴԸоһֱߵıһҵɪ
һɳŭ𣬼Ŀɱ
ĽŲһһǰУɱŭ𣬾Ҳڽλۡ
ɱŭһըǳҲ£
ֻǣҶעҶЦˡ
Ҫᣬ֮˵ΪҶЦ˿̲ڼҡ
ҶЦ᲻ڼңҶȻҲͼҶЦˣǸ1+1=2ͬ
Ȼܸ㣬ƫƫʵ
ҶЦ鱦ԺҪ飻Ȼ֪ʲô¡
һ֪ˣξδܼȴޱԼȫ°ʵʵγɵһߡַϢһĴֶװ
˶綯Ҳһ֪
Ȼ֪ΥĴѾˣ
飡
ſˡ
ҶŸսţͿһӰϢȫޣвһӻ֣Ȼرա
Ҷһ߽ſڵ齣һֻʮľ룬ȴͬǧɽˮһԿԽ
ЦҶ쾲վڴǰ̾Ϣ
ƿޱ
һ̣ѾõᣬҪӿ
ǰˣѾԼһ֮УΨһο尡ʲộԼȥΪԼһеİޣ
ΨһĹѪ
ǣһ̡
ξҶЦѾѪſţνȫȻǺĵġװࡱſѪţǻʵ۱ˣҲȥΣ
ԣ϶´󼪣һʧ
˯˹ȥ
ȴû뵽ſڴ֨ѽһžȻˣֻǽֹˣһнչöôϢ
ѵѪĲǰ鿴ξ˼ĥţ͸оͷıӱҿˣ
˸ȥ˭ô죿
ӵ֣
ξ˲۾۾ŭݣ
ûü˵ͿһͬĪġɴ۾ӣ
ξʱһ飬ɲǼſڽ࣬ȫɵˣ


176 ˣ
ϵıܷǳ൱رľʡ
òлᡣ
˼ʿԼȴǷһ
ôϤ
ξסˣ
磡
Ҷ죡
˸ȥӡΨһȻˣ
һʧĲֺȻһ
ҶȻֵһ
ξҲ벻ԼֶѣڴðȴıԼץ˸У
ôôأ
ˣһ̣ξоֻ֡
Ҷ˲ʱʧȻ͵۾⣡
ҶʲôˣǺεȳˣ˼Ȼδȫ飬˵ôһ£ȴѾʶ¿йŹ֣ؼһ㣬Ӷû¶ġ
ڴϵĻͷˣ
Բôͣ
ɵͦҶҧξ
硭ξͰͣȫԼҪ˵ʲôֱͷһƬհס
ƭҺˬɣҶЦݸӱ䡣
ҡξͷ󺹣ĿҵѲǸСأȥˣôҷֵϴŭ𡭡ңҪ˰
ô£Ͻ˵Ҷѹҧʵ
ξæҪӴ˵󡭡
Ͱ͵˵ɻ
δܼҾȻҲн͵һգһĻǱ˼ȻεΪۣ
ϧ˼ֵֻˣ
ȻװˣͼװףҾôţ
Ҷһ̧𣬺һžͲĳ˵Ķϣ˲תΪӸҧгɷξС¿ѽǺǺǺǡ治
ξűӣһŲסһҲܶģ磬ҽ͡£ʵǽϡ
ϣҺô޷졢ſڴƻƵĻ˶Ҷ첻˵꣬Ѿŭһȭ
䣡
໡ξһҽУһۿʱˣ硭㡭
䣡
һȭ
ң˵ˣ
ҶĵҪˡ
Լһһֽ麯ŵüҪ·ɱˣһǧȫֹЪҪ·̣Լܹ˲͸˻
Ǵͣ㣬һ·ϰٲεɱֽɱ
һ·ɱطѪ·
û뵽¹ֻԼӺֺıһƭ֣
β
ƫƫıСỹڼҡ
ֻһξűװͷ⣡
Ҷβ
ŭϨҶ˧ֱӽξűӾʹһһϢһһڿУŭ˵ôһ£ʲôɸộ֪ô㣬ɶĺô
ξţߺ󣺡㡭ȷҡҡҴ
֮󡭡
׻ξʼĩ֮Ҷô£һʱŴ˵
ԼǸӣôʱȻǳô顭
󣬸ôһѡ
Ҷξ
ξ˵硭¶治ҡҪ
˵ãһ˵Ҷʱŭֱ죬ץסξݺݵִһ٣㣡Ҳ㣡Ҹ㣡Ҳ㡭һȥ˭
찡ذʵǸڹİξԹֵĳֱۡ
棬¡¡
ѪѾҶ
ŭƿڴѪͳҶʮѪѵ⣺һھǣּǱӣǾôģһȺˣӶˣǻʲôϣ
ʮųŵͷѵһһ޵ݡ
һߣոոϻѪһɷصԼֵܣ޲óȥͽ²ļһʹһ١
ڣҶѵеġ
һҪĳ嶯ٶȻ衢ģ
ộԭ龪һһͷβĻԣ
ĽŲˢˢ
򱱾һɷżٽʿһ룬Ҷ
ԶųɶУԺڵȺ
˧Ҫô죿͵һ£
ֻҪ˧ˮɽ𺣣ֵǾ͸ˣ
ʲô࣬ʲô飡翴ǲ˳ˣ
˧
нͬʱһ
ڡ
Ҷתͷξĺ£˵Ҫôճ
ξԴһľɥ૵İҲ֪ôңô̡
Ҷŭͺȵ֪֪ʲôһ˶͸뵽ģЦЦĳǵ£²һͷˣҴţҾܿҲֻʬѣԼôסȴ벻˶ˣɵȱСôûӣڳˣԽıˣ
ξͷɥҲû뵽
Ҷ쳤̾һһָͷ˸򣬵ŭҺúõĶӣͱ˸̻ˣ
ξԶʱԩ̧֮ͷ磬˵ýģɲô˵С쵰ӣƶˣƻ֮ұ˹ģôҽ̻
ҶԸᣬָָͷ㡭˶һͷˣ²ꡭ
ξ૵ꣿҶѾ涼ʶˡ㻹Ҫôˡһٴ򰤵ԩⱲүˡС޳ܣϵզôأ
Ҷ찥һᣬ潫ǻڵء
Ҷ˧ΣλֵҺ˧ȿЦҸϻû㼰ʱֻоȣȾȮӡλֵˡ
һѪ񣬽ĵ˵˻ѻ
ȴǱӺּȥԲѣòƻû취ˡ
λʱϲɫӻоȣ
̫ˣ
ֻҪоȣǾúϢ
ҵȽȥ̽һ¡ϲ
Ҷʱһæа˹λֵȵһȣΪЦȶ˵
˶ʱһ𣺶Զԣ˧Ӧôġίʵҵ̫ˣ֪ʵڸ
˧˹ţҵȼδŴ˧ΣҵȵĲǣ
ͬ죬һʱҶ£ǼȻţ
УҶһѺˮһƨϣʵǲֺݺξƨһţŭɳĺ£
ξƨ죬׵ϾȻǲޣûˣҲзݣıأզң󰡣
Ҷ챩ŭҪټᣬĵС֪ʲôͷҪǲү֪ʲôлΪʲô죬Ҷ׻һͣ


177 ˭
ξ࣬ĵĵô˵ƽˡСӣҲн죡ɪţ㡭
˵Ȼ泩޵ֻ
Ҷ״Ϊ֮Ȼ
ԼܣɲǼһʲô˰ôģ֮Ҳټ
Ҷ֪ξʱﱻҶЦǻֶθ񾭼ȴƫƫưͳԻп˵ȻҶ죬ҲĲ˼˵ġ
զ˵
ţţ漣Ǵ棬ԣǸһͷβ
ʶҹ㲩ҷḻֶαҸǱҴӱ书ҡʱһôѾ׽ʵʵ֮ϵĸ֣ŪʵҸ߲ٵĸ֣ģϳҾֻһʱ⡭
ҶӸÿҪˣ
һ仰ǶӾһҳԼԸˡ
ǵĻҴ󲿷Ҳڲƽһ׵Ľɫ
仰û˵Ҫ˵ξ
ң⻰Ҷֻ˵ʲôξȫǹµõ˵ɶЦЦҶôˣԸˣСӱЦЦô࣬һѲɶȥˣʮĺ㶼Ըˣ
ɶԵģ
ǣô˵ΪܱôɣȻһӶԸˣЩԵǰ׷ѽǳԵǴ㣿Դɽ˲ɣ
ЩҶ϶ھͳ
Ըֵܣʲô˵
ΪмڴˣǿξͷҲǶ˵ء
ˣԼĶӣԼܽȥɣ
˽⵽ӵ̶ȣҿ޵һգ
ҶҶЦڣأԺĴŴ
ʵˣ
˭Ҳ벻ʾйĵ彫Ҷ죬ȻҲʧ̬һգ
İҶЦȴûл
Ҷ컹ܴξǱȴҲҶഭһŬʧڸУвСɡɫĵܲˡֵһ°ɡѹӿҪˣ
ⱲǷӵġǰҲҴȻС챳ڹ
νԸ
ҶЦ鱦ܹˡȨ֮ʩʩȻؼҶèһԼӣֻƻȫޡ
аЦһôã˵ӰۼҲҪ簡
һһԼ䣬ٺЦ壬һˣϢû
Ӧ
ҶЦоˣһֹһˣоʱٵһ䣺壿˵ʱѾϢŲƿԭλá
ֻһ΢ƷӸղվĵطӹ
ҶЦһ𣺡ʲôˣ
ν΢֪ԸղһԶѾжϳһ̶֣ȣҶЦǰδĸߣ屾Ȳϣ̫ӸĹġ﹩һɱ䣬ͳͳȲϴ˵裡
ҶЦԶ϶壬ǵУֻƬ̵ضûУԼѾȺʼղҶЦʱһǣѵξѾ˴˵Ķ֣
һˣҶЦɲǼɱӿһһģʱ˸ֿգסͬʱס·ͬһʱ䣬
ڰУһֻֻ糬֫ƣһ֮Ĺ켣ҶЦ˹ҶЦһˣٲˢһתȵأ˭
һζĬ־Ծɰԭ켣ץֻƺȻֿһࡣ
֣ٶѾ죬˿ٶȾٱͬСɣҶЦ֮ܣҲܣҶЦӦ٣һǻƽȻݺϣ
һһʵʵ
֮ʣȴԼ첲һʹǲ㱻۶ϣ֮£չˡ
ҶЦԾѾܵĸ߹ʵɾǵ͹Ϊղһǻƽ֣ż֮ҶЦĿǰܷʵļ֮ҶЦţԪʦ֣Ҳ򲻸ұԼУֻҪУǾܲˣڵĽȴǶԷȻԼȴֱ۸նۣ˵˭Ϊ֮ߣ
߶ȣֻ¡Ѿ켶֮ˣ
ף׶ȷһֻǡһֻ־Ծɱԭƶٶץ
ӰΣɣƹ֮޷ѡ
ҶЦղһǻƽ֣ȻûյԤڵЧ˵ƣԶһɲǣô˿϶ҶЦתʮ֮߰ǣ֮ȫ߶գۼʮ߰ʮ߰ȭڰĵϡ
ҶЦ֪ƽֶԷֺԹļ֮ȻԺԷȻ˿ʩ֮ĿȴϣԳͶԷжԷĹٶʵ̫Ѹ٣Ȼͷβֻһȴһɷ豹ĿԼٰӦԣֻѣ
ȻԷΪ嫵ͬɽ󺣣Ǹ߲ʣɲ⣬Բˬļ֮˿̾ҲЧȫޡ
ԷԼĹ㣬ʱץסԼʺһֻȴʼʺǰǻ
ƶᣡ
ҶЦתϣһ壬㵹ɶ
ǰ֮ˣǿɺȻУǾֻߣͼͷ
֧ţֻӾһҪͣ
һһˣնȫȻûаˮļ
СӣӦͦ죡Цһһֻ־ٶȼ٣Խ˿ռĽޣҶЦ˳ŵʱ򣬾ȻһץסĽ
һץٶȣѾԽ⣡
ҶЦܣѾץס
ҶЦΣңһۣһɵ֪Ӻδɳ״طնʺ
ͷһᣬ˫Ŀ
ͬʱԱץסҽŽΪ㣬֮ɲǼΪߣֱӱɶԡ
Ȼˡޡһȵֶ࣡ѧģ
һšޡһȻ³
ƾȻ罭ӵֻôһȻķɵϤڵأһһҶЦɼĵɹһ̣һֻůĴ֣Ѿסʺ
ҶЦ̾Ϣһ˵ֻֿоһ
治ԼӦ䲻Ѹ٣ʵǰΪ̫ǿѾԼĿǰӦļޣ
Ѿ˺½ޣ
ڣǰ˵ΪҲԿǽӽһĸ֣
ΪѲֹԪԪǡѾԪΣ
Ʒ׻Ҫͣ
ҶЦڵΪĸ֣Ҫ˵Ƿ˵ʤҲӲˣµվŲ򲻶
˵ΪȻвŽǸΣ⺮½ȴѾǾ޵еĴڣ
˭


178 ʹĴ
ʲôˣҶЦס˲ӣ֣Բٷƽʵ
ȻѾ˲ٻĵزô־޼¡
ƽ㣬ȻûеʱɱԼôԼδûлᣬ֮
еĵһ˫۾һ£ʵһ˹ӣ˭ѧģ
ҶЦһȻ⻰ʵ֣ǽӣҵĹȻǸҵѧģ
һƺЩŹ֣Ҷ쾹ô
ҶЦЦǵȻҸڣ֮󣿡
˵⻰˵õͦе
Ӱеǳһ£ҶЦԸоѾֲָĺҹȻ
ԭ˾һλ֣
ҶЦжʱ
ֲá
ԼʶԭֲָĻֻҪһ˹ǰһƬ̹ʲô飬Լ۾
ղսеģȴȫʲô
ȻʱζݣҲˣ
ǵڰпƣƿƬռ䣬ԼõҲԩ
˫ʵ̫⣬ս֮
һ뵽ҶЦɫȴǸӵѿ˼֡
ʵԽǿԼҹԽ׶༪١
ʵ̫⣬ѾҪ⣡
Ǿ֪Ҷ챾ֻ»ûı£ܹ̳һա˵룬Ҷѧû㲵ӣٺ١ƽ֣١ɶǲ֮ءѧ
ҶЦԲһ
һȻΪͣȴЩʶʶޣҲֻϳƽ֣֮Цûϳ࣬˾֮ʶҲһ㣬
ҶЦһ֮ܣүͽԣ㳤ЩʶЩֶαҶϼĲ֮أ
ƺǺһ£ʲô˵ЩֶҶϼĲ֮أ
ҶЦЦС֮Ҳ֪ҶϼҶϼ壬һ壡˵ôǺǺǡҲ֪ʲôڣ֮ܣ֪֮󣿡
̲סһҶϼ壬
˼ǣզ֪أ
ҶЦҲ˵Ǿ֮ܣѵ˵ˣȰ㣬ǴģϽʵʵߣһҼǰȻЩΪҲǲΪѣһ
Ŀгţһָ£ڵİ
һֳѰĵ
ȫȻûֵЩ΢ӣ
·ʲôҶϼ˾ԼߣһˣʱԷתơ
ƺˣĬ
һ󾲼š
ҶЦԶƬ̣ʶʱΪܣֻҪ½ˣȻ˳ӿԱ֤̣ȻӴ˿Уϣȴƣһӵĺǣ㶼ӲҶϼʮص׷ɱԣ㲻ɱңɱҼͬɱ£ô֣꣬ͽȻǲƥ֮ǿ𣬵ڰ;زۣҶˣ;̫ǰ·ֻ羡
ǿһеǸξѾɱˣѾȴΣ
ҶЦ˫Ŀжʱ˵ôұһҸ棬ǾǡɱҰɣ㻹׬汳ģΪΣǶѾǲݣ˳ע޽⣡
仰ͻȻһƬž
ã˲˵ξȻ㸸׵ĽֵܣҶң˵һܼҶѡαˣҪܾˣȻҶǿȡӵһô
ҶЦһڽ˵ɷΪΪֱˣԶҲףʲôˣ
˵ĺã
˱ЩƵ仰֮ͻȻѿڳޡ
漴ɭȻ˼ǡλܼ壬Ҫˣ޻ڣ
ҶЦϻƪ嵱ˣҲӣ
˳Ĭһ£ҶҡҶңԭҶҾ˵ǲ֪УмȻζ
ҶЦǾ仰ףֵϧȻ֣ҲӦôԼһȰӴҶԹģҼٻ˴˻ɣ
˵Ȼûм֮ǰǲɱġ
Ц
ЦƺãţסԼҲɿˣԽο˵ӵĶӣ
ƺһž΢
ȻҶЦͷˣԼòܹõˡ
֮ԷѾ⿪˿ռ
ĿȴǰиߴͦΣĿʵԸֶº͵ԼƺڿһϡֵĹ屦һ㡣
ˣ룬Ŀ࣬ȴָһ޳ͦɵָоݿʣһĶţͬʱȴָһµĸܣ˿̵ЦݣȴһֲǴĳ׿ĵ΢о
ôվҶЦĸоȴһΡɽȫɺվŰھصȺһ
ĸоͬо֮ƵĻϣûиܹ
ҶЦҪԭļ֤˲֪ǰ˵˭
Ҷ죡
Լף
Ȼ󡭡
ĳαĿɿڴĿࡢƿԣû˵ˡ
Լ˰ţƣȻǶԼϵġ
һߣξοоʪ
ղźڰ֮УҶЦִٱƣݾ˵֪˭ͷ£ȻԼҪλãΪԼϧ˾
Ǿһٵġ
ڸղ£ҶЦЭҶξҲ˵ʲôһʱ֮裬̸֮պ󣬿ҶЦѡȫѣ಻ڣ
ȻòƶеɶȴǸԵ
һ̣ξһֲҶСһ˺õ֪һһֶȻˣҲǲˡ
ˣɵˣ˵ɡҶͷȻǶžΥĶӣȴǿеľҲһϸ
Ȼ֮ǰΪļ٣
Ȼ֮ǰΪﱼɱ
Ȼ֮ǰΪԼһ
Ȼ֮ǰΪجļʹʧ
˿ۼȻЩȴҲͶ˵ˡ
ȻѾ㹻
ҡһУΪ˸ߣ쾭壡
ûʲô˵ġ
ֻǴһ̿ҶЦǰλôĮĸףֻΪ˵Լġجġ֮бɱһ彫
Ϊʲô飬Ҫ˵ô
Ҫģ


179 
Ҷ̲סԼͣҶж壬Һοбۿξֵܣô
ξǿԿסĵĸжЦЦȻû˵磬ǵһθо󱲹Т˳ָоͻȻܺڣΪξûҸϱӣҪһСӣδؾͱȲЦЦ
ҶЦ
漴ЩȻһΣһ£󻼣ұŭ˴λЦˣҲˡȴο
ѵõǡʲôˣʲôǵʲôػҶοĿҶЦ㣬ڶˣ
ҶЦЩͷ
ЩԼòҲȷʵ֪ġõġ
һ㵹û˵
ֻΪݳɳһﱼѾֵˡҶ쵭һЦ
ҶЦͷӿһ𾴡
Ҷ죬ĵ׷ڹս֡
λѪҪģػ
˻Ҷ첻˴ֻ֣ΪԼĶӣ֪ٸͥɥɥӣǡΨ侳֪ѡжѡ
Ҷѡĺע
һλʤͳ˧˵һӵ۵㡣
ҶһЦ֮
ھУЩ˸ĸŮսڵһߵĽʿνӢۡԼĸĸˣô˵п֪
սΪʲô
ҹȻǿɣǡٷƣӣıһ·
ѵͲɣ
ǿô
˲أЩӢۡδؾͲǡǼɣ桭УΣ˭˵أ
һ棬ƱؽһԶĺͿˣ
ֻҪԼΪǶˣǾǶˡ
ģαؼƽϣ
һθ£ҲίʵҪסҶЦгסֵʱ򣬺Եͣһ¡
ĵЩϰߡ
һֺ΢ܹŹֵĸо
˲ʱǿ˵ԼǰҵĸҲΪﻹиˡռ壬һĸףʲôģ
⣬޿˼
ŶҶȤԼӣҵҪһɣ޷˵ңߴңٳͷȴⲻ˵ġ
һʱղԼĶӾɳȵزΪ˸βοƫƫȴŪộв㣬ȻҪ˵ҶȻϣܹв㲹
һʵ۹ƴ󣬴½£ʵȴܵУһս·ôͱȻ뼫ȱ֮СԣҪҳ
Ȱڣڵ۹˻ˣ죻ȴĿ࣬洦ƽսʿһ겻ðϢСʧ裻С֮ͽԾݸλ֮ʿš˳ȥȻ޵ͳ˧ȻаʦҲӰĽ֣Σǿ͹ʵ
ҶЦ˵սֱȣȻΣ֣ȴҲǿɽ˻һ峯ٵĴʱ
ȻǵΪޣϾҲ顭ػҵİǸ׵ʹΣǽһȫһ֮󡭡Ժ뿪½Ҳܰҡְһ֡
ҶЦһ£ǡ˾ƾѾʹ뿪ǣңԺʮٶȽɽǨȴҺ޹ϵ
һֳ׵ķ£Լİá
İãϵǵ֮·ֱܲͨĹؼڣ
ҶЦ˵ɳҰڲȥȻǻУսʿļҾʧʤ̣Ȼͳ˧٣ʿŹ£γͳ˧ŲµһΣ
Ƿŵ£㲻һõͳ˧ֻ˵һսˣĺãҪ𣡡
Сˣ
ҶЦ˵ţȴ쳣ء
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵ЩҲмֵ̬ƣȴκһ۹ʢһ̶֮󣬶Ȼֵ״ŬıһǸ˼꣬ͻֳһʲôʱǸͷ
뿪ʱȻȻǵǾľͷ
ҶЦұ;ֻİãԵЩսĵ֣Ѿ㹻ˣô
̧ͷ۾ֱֱضҶ졣
ƽһΣĿֱԼġס
һһֵ˵ΪΪҵΪ࣬ϣͣꣿ
ҶȻݣԼĶӣǵһʶԼĶһ㡣
ΪҶЦĻ֮ʾ֪ܶࡣ
߱ԼģҪ֪öö࣡
ȻЩ˳綼Ҫߣôβ½ϣõǵ֣ҶЦֿ˵˹ֻҪǲôƽӹĻţԺ½ʷϣܻǵռһҳ
ҲںǸںЩܹøãȴûȥеȱݣ
ȱݣǴ֮·һź֮ڣ
ҶЦΪΪҪһ⣬壡
Ҷü˼ãʼû˵
һλϿƺΣķ۹ý㡢ΣڵϦʵȴǽɽΡս֣ԶԶûеǵȫܵĵزֻҪھչЩȵļһȫɾôսߵĽʿģһּĹ裡Ϊ֮ǣÿһ˵ģҸӣǵ۹нʿ
ȻսȻԾսµãս
ҶЦŵһЦ
ܶϴΪĸҪΪ롣ͬҲͬ
ҶЦ˵
Ҷ츺ڷⲽ֮󣬵Ȼˣ˻Ҫװȥ
һδƱɶ֣

ˣҶЦһ
ҶξѾȥˡҶЦһڷУͻȻоһҸ
ԭм֮Լ֮˹ذĸо
Ǳ˳谮ںĸо
˻߲֪ҶЦô֪ܲ
ʹж·
Ҫôƴܹô̵ʱϻ
ĸףȻ˵˫޶ԣҲΪ
ңм仹ҪôĽɱ壬˵Ǿһ
ֻҪвͻʱ·;֮ϡ
ˣҶЦԼ˵

˵⵽ôһ£Ҷ쿴ξͻأʵ
ξԲȻʶķʵʲôôһ£
װʲôͿЦЦôͻȻΪôߣͣӵΪҲ˰ɣһ᲻ҪǣҾǰҲŲʱ䣬ʱЦЦ˵ĸı䣿㲻֣


180 ֲ
УЦЦеĹܹ죬ȴϳ˵ķɣĹûʶѰȫû˵ͲѰ˰ɡ
ΪЦЦǳ֮ɴϣ֮ǰȫˣ̬仯ĥ¡Ǹ˭ѧģ
ҾģЦЦе⣬֮ǰǷԻ˵ĲѾϣô̵ˣʲôˣʲôʵ
ЦЦһϯĺοȴҲ֡ΣЦЦĸıʼһ£һΣȴʼղɵõ¡˿һ㣬ҸоӦ֪ЩʲôɣΪôʱ䶼˵⾪ϲôݾϲ̫ϲˣ
УҶϼ壬ȻҲЩ˽⣬룬Ȼ֪Ҷϼʮص׷ɱЩǲģ
Ҷüͷעξ
ξ˰εĴʣŵ˵硭Щ飬ղӦӡӦҰ
ҶҡͷӴˣҲԼܴڣҪ˵ղžͻңǲ˵ǿҲû˼ΪʼǺ£ѵԼҲҪ̸ף
ξ᣺Ͷ̸ף
ΪҲо޴ı仯ͬо޴仯ˣҲʵһȻҪʵڶˣҶ
޴仯ڶξһ㶣૵ЦЦȷʵ仯࣬ûб仯ʲô仯
ֵܣ㻹û仯뿪ҵǻᣬһΪ켶ʦ磬ƶϣʱʵҪ䵽켶£࣬ڼ䣬͵ȾƵĻǣΪά켶ΣѾǼ֮ܣǣеĽƵ˾ȥʮ֮߰ˣǲ˼飿Ⱦ˱ʣղûע⣬ѵڻעⲻôҶĶξȴĻػ
š˵˵ţĲ֪˵𣬽˻תϡͿģξٶ˰죬ôһ仰
ô˵һôҶüбۣЩ
㲻ҲûľˣҶ˺תһͷˮξ
ô£
Ҹ˵Ҳ²ҽκõˣʵֻõԪĲˮ׼϶˰ɣ
ǺǺǡ˵أһô
ţ⻰û
ȻԼû㻹˵
ģѾҶҽ˵Ψһ֪ˣ磬Ҿ֪㣬Ҳûã
ϧֻ㣬ǳЦЦ֮⣬еĿ֪ߡҶ˵
Ĳ֪ξ챻ʿˣĲ֪Ҷ췢ģɶҲֵ֪һ֪һ㣬Ĳ֪
ЦЦΪλ֪Ҷϼ壬Ϊλ֪ʮأҲȫ֪飡ξΣûκ顭
ǷΪڼֻǵˣҶǳĿԼܣ˵֪ǲ֪ô飬ЦЦȻһҲ֪֪һϢǼ֮£Լô
ξױˣԼͷ˵һء㵹ˡ֪ĻʱڱӸöߣĵ˯žô
ҶӵԼܡ
ξһߣ˵ˣ
ⲻô
ҶһᣬȴʼûʳȻֹͣ׷ʡ
ˣʱɡĿǰΪֹе飬ЦЦҲǴˣȻҪصܣûҪҪȥھǺ£ٲǻ¡
Ȼ֪ЦЦԼʩȵʲôˣԷǱжȴһģӹɵġ
Ҷ쵭ЦЦ֪֪֪Σ֪ˣ֪ҶҡǾ˵˲ǻˣңԷһ½ˣģ
֮ˣҲΪ࡭룬˵ΪȻߣ
ˣûбҪȥ⾪óȻֻ˫ΣЦЦΪȫȻ֪ɡ
ϾԺҪߵ·ѡҶ̾һЦЦܹһ̨Ժڹؼʱ̣ȥǵ飬ܱ¶вأ˼С
Է᲻ᡭҶҵˣξ̽ʵ
ԲܣҶӹһ˿ʹ
ξһԲųѺڣǸȻ
漴ҶͷŹ⣬죬볯ʼչϴЦ˵ʿѪڻʵǲò
ʿǲѪᣡ
þǵЩѪᣡ
ұҪġͳᣬɡ
ξͷ磬֧
ҶͷЦЦҲһֱڣܷˣ
ξࣺԷ赱˵ãҵʱΪֻõԪĲʵֻʵôҽε˽ȹֻǣʱΪʲôҴأˣȻϣôô
Ҷ۶ξΣͷĵ㲻ξСһֱڣҲһֱΪȱһԽۡ
ξĿ࣬죬ҧгݵ˵ôˣǰզ֪أ

Ҷڶһ磬δüȥʹʵ۱ѾһҶ
ԾۣʵţΪôҲô󿪸ţӭӻʼݣһĸм㣬ĵٳ豸
Ҷ˧̬Ⱥܶһ񣬺ȻԼ鷿ݡ
˵ݡѾת˵ˣ
Ҷ£˵ӭʥݣֱǰ·˶ûС
Ҷ£ԹܼξΪףһ׺ݡﾡһ̹⣬аֵ⣬˵ЩʱܶɱˣͲ֤ݣûɣ
ԣʵ۱ʵԼһȥҶ鷿
ңʵ۱¶ҶǺ˽ģ֮˵·
ǰ֣һɻǼɢ
òƾʹûмһӾȻֵ鷿Ⱥûʵǰȥģ
ֱǴ治˼
Ҷƫƫôˡ
˵ҶΪͳ˧ȨգȨ죬ҲˣҶЩƾʲôνġƷ١ɽÿǵʵ۱£ôôԴأ
ɻʵ۱¾Ȼľôһ˽ȥˣòߵûȻȵ
Ȱɣȫᡣ
ʵ۱ҶҪɱԼԼȻٶҲû塣ֻҪҶɱԼôֻҪҶߣǾԵУԼҲǰȫݵġ


181 ̸
ôʵ۱½ȥ֮󣬵һ仰ôʣƽףƽʵܼԡ
ţҶ΢ЦҶĻشͬƽƽʵԡ
Ǿͺáʵ۱³һ
ȴЩίˡҶ˵
ʲôίģй֮Ȼʵ۱΢ЦҪʲôֱ˵ɡ
ʵ۱ҶǰͲԳơޡ
㣬ҶҲϰߣΪҶڻʵ۱ǰҲԳơ
һ˽ʱ
⣬֮䣬ҲֵƣȻ˾Ľֵܣ
һɹٷĻҽֵܳν硰֡ܡ֮࣬Ҳ֮ĶԻ֮Уڣ̸֮ʹĳƺ˴ôʣֻá㡱ҡѣ
޷Ҷ죬ѾΪһ˵Ҷ΢ЦȻһʵҲδǺ££ΰ룬ֻûб׵ĺ¡
ʵ۱µͷ׵ģЦЦô
Ҷ̾˿СǳŵҸϻڡȥһˡ
ʵ۱仰ǳ׷ˣѿڶȮӡ
ֻҪҶЦҶͲʧر裬һоͶת
Ҷ̾ϢһЩͷʹ
ʵ۱´ЦЦԵ֮
㲻Ҫ˵̫磬һΣҿǴҪɱ˵ġҶһ˵
ʵ۱Цݶ̾˿öûп˵
һΣӦл˲СҶԺƽٶȿڵ
仰˵ƽú׿ˮһ㣬к壬ȴʯ쾪ǣ
ʵ۱³鴤һ£漴ðɡ
򵥵ġðɡ֣ѾΪ֮һ鶨˻
ǳ첻뻤סԼѪȻעסˣҶ㿪ڣֻ֪ᣬǵȺʵ۱µͬԼϿɡ
ȻȻעʵ۱Ȼѡ⡣
ѡɺҲǣȻΣ
һε۹ƮҡΣ̶ǰδУаӦʵǵʵ
ûǸĻŪҾǰֲʲô⡣ҶͬЩǣǣǸˣԼ¥ĴڣȴҲû̫İաҲһ˳ƶΪҪϴ󻼵򡣡
ʵ۱Ϊ֮ĬȻã̾һ˵Ƹ¥Ƹꡭף
Уһ˿ɭȻ
Ҷص˵Ǹˣɱġ
һ仰ȴûʵ۱ٶȻãԳ֣ȫԸҲɱô
Ҷҡҡͷܡ
ʵ۱ĬȻɫüѿ
Ҷüͷǵ˵йǧԽϡͬ˵ֻҪ֮κһ˻ָʵΪұ㲻Ƕ֡ڣԷܹ׵ɱңԣ
ʵ۱¿Ц
૵˵Ƹ¥ƶ֮֮㡭׹ӣǺǡϵϣ¶ŨصΣԶڸͷϵһһʲôʱնˣͼҵͰɽһȴƫƫûа취ֹֻܱĳܡ
Ҷ侲˵˵ҪԸˣֻ棬òǻܣǰ취
˵ʵԷÿһγ֣Ҳûй̶Ŀ꣡ûַҪĳ۹ִţּҾ֣Ȼ˳ƶΪ
ɣĿģֻڿѪɱ¾ǵˣҲûлᡣ
Ҷ仰ûʵ۱ɫÿһЩ
ԷƸ¥ּ˽⣬ķе֮κһ񶼲ɱ¾ս֮Ϊǰؿڣȴܼ˵ģνѲƶһԱʹ񡢽ΪȣʱǷƸ¥ĿĴɣˣҷδһôƬ½㼫пǳгͳһʵ۱Ŀڵ˵
Ҷ첻ÿɷһЦʵۣȷʵˡ

һգ̸˺þúþá
Ȼʵ۱³Űڼݻعʱɫ֣жôʧҲԲǿġ֮һ·üͷء
пˣûһ˸ȥʷʲô£Ψִùͷ
ȴһѸٴҶһСѱҶ췢쭵ĽѾע޷⡣
Իʵ۱²ôġ
ʵ۱֮Ҷһ鷿˺þãȥ˶ӵס
ЦЦ˵ʵΪʲôģҶʵ
ⲻʣǶԶӵһοУ
ҶЦü˼Σŵѵ̴
ҶһʱȻ
βһӣ˵
ҶЦ˷ۡ
£Ҫô
ʵ۵ıȻǲɱ˵ġǣȴ֪ɱЩˣǸɱġҶ˵
ΪҪƣҪԴƽ⳯Ұϣκһ̫ǿʧȥ⡣ҶЦ˳ǣЩΪȻ
첻ش⣬Լ˯ˡȻ͸ɴĻشһкη
ϸ˵˵ҶĿѾԼĶӣο֮Ũ
λʵ֪˭ҳ˭Ǽ鳼˭ܹ˭ֳ²࡭ԣһֱֹϵƽúܺá
һ֮УȫǼ鳼ǵˣǸֻˡһ֮УȴҲȫҳΪʵ۾ûаȤûаɡԻʵҲҪһЩ購СʲôԼģƽ⳯Ұ
ȻһεҪЩһ򾡣ĳҰҶЦֱԲ䣺һʵ۱һֱΪԯޣЩ˴ڵ壬ƺ⳯еʶ֮ʿӶһоϣڱС
νĵҶЦ˵
˵ĲҶͷ£ڱСΪһװģҲҪɱġ
ǵȻȷʵڱСҶЦȤӡ
ʵ»ǲġҶ쿴ԼĶӵ۾ϣָܹĶ
ϧµӣȴûһǲģʱΪ䳼ĵġҶЦȱȱ˵
Ҷʾͬĵͷ˼γأҶЦ˵Զǣʱÿǡ
˵ʵ۱¾ĿǰǲģҲϣֲȴҲǽоüֵĻϡҶЦ˵
仰Һγ֪Ҷͷ£˵Բ֮ûһô˭࿴ֻһͷһȻʡ
ҿû˵Ҫϻʵ۱°ҶЦ˵⻰ָֻڶѡʵǵͨգҲˡ


182 þ
˽ύ׷׻ΪܹõĳЩ£ǵõ飬ǵõ飬õأõ٣õǮơЩʵ档ͨҲһؽֵˣӲύΪԷԼĹϵֻһԼʩĶѣ
ʶһ㣬ҾͺοҶҪסһ£Ȼ¾ɣȴΪһ㣬ͷ顣
ǵȻҶЦĵͷ
Ҷ仰Ȼ˵˵ϡ
ȻȴҲĨɱڣ򣬾ʧȥ˵ĸ
ˣʼջǸ鶯
ֻΪ˻ʵ۱£ôһЩȫңҲ޷ҶЦ˵һ뵽ʵ۵Ӷǰɫһʵ۱°֮󣬵۹ȨҾвˬ
ѵƴƴΪ˸˴һͰɽʱȻԶǣ֮ʱҶЦԼĸס
Ҷöû˵ұΨе߾֮
ҶЦͷ
̸һ䡣
ղҲͲҪٶ˵ˡ
һɱˣϴ»߻᲻ˣΪأȴҲǲò֮֮Ȼȵ̫ƽˣԾɻͬһ㣬ĳ֡
ҶЦٺһЦԡɱġʵ۱Ҳֱҳ³Ǳ״֮У۾ǡùֵġ
ҶҶЦķٶȳĬá
һҹҶĬһҹ
ԼĶӣЩĴã벻ԼĶӶ飬Ҳ˽˹͸ȻЩطƫǷ̸֮չֳĶԺ䣬Ѿûʲôˡ
Ȼһ΢ЦվҶЦļչһЦһ죬֮УҲһϯ֮ء
ҶЦһ£̧ͷЦǱȻḶֻ́ҵĿ꣬ȴֻôǳ
һϯ֮أ
ҵĿô˹ǳô
ﲻһ̣һŵˣ
ǳ
Ӹղ˵ģǡǳ
Ҷ쿴ԼĶӣþû˵һ仰ٶĳֳĬķΧ֮С

ڶա
򱱾פи߼ȫԱۼҶܸɴࡢɱڵؾ
һּ᲻ķʽЩжԼжųŵɱȥ
һ죬ǳǵϿգŨѪȫ֣ٲѪص
ƻ򱱾ȳȥı˵ֱӷţȻǳʣͷû˵ȻҲûжԷأ
ֻǵɱˡ
ȻٸĹ磬ϬĴʷ棬ô
һĿֵλ顣
ϾĶӣ̫¼ԴͷܷŹ
ֻǣ򱱾ȥʱȴԼһòˣΪȫţѾøɸɾ
ӯգȡͷ
þ񡯡
̫һֻͬè߰ʮֻʬ壬İԺ
һţһţèһţһš
һֻһֻû⣡
ģȮ
ΨһµģֻһѪ֣дǽϡ
У鸸ӱȥףȫʬ
ڼ̵ʱѸٴ龩ǡ
ͬʱҲƵϢļƽˡвĹԱһűţмΪʵĲҲɱ
֮Ի϶Щ˶Ǳͬһ֯ɵԭܼ򵥣ҲΪڰֳͬİ˸֣ƶжþ
Щ˵꣬ǰգֳޣд죡
ЩЩܹȺȴԩ޴ߵ˼ң߸ߵ˱ڣžը죬سԩѩá
ˣ׷ѡһ档
Ǽҵˣ⵽˹ƶжþ˼ھȪ֮°Ϣ

ԾҶϴȻƺƴ󣬵䴫֮Уȴ⡮þѹȥ
һʱ䣬ԱΣҶ챾ˣȴҲһϴ֮Уʵˡӹ£ΪĿ޾ϡټںʷ֮УҲǼʷ֮ǣǧ
ʶ֮ʿβ֪һεϴڳʵ۹δ˶ô޴ã
Ҷһϴжֻȷ䷸֤ݣͨоȴǾôܲ˵ɱȥ
ⳡɱ¾ֱӾǰֲ飬Ψɱѡ
еɱ޹ɣ
һ֮󣬼жԵĵ۹Ȼ֣Լµ鱨ôĪʧˡ
ƷڿնѸٽѪȵϢͨ½
˵йλͳ˧ŭƷӣƿڴҶֱΪҪ֪Ҫһ볽ʵ۹߲ĺϸڼ顢ֻ£һʸ߲ΪԼ̸׵飿
̵棬ĸѪ
ζ顣
ɱĺܶ»ֻһζĸţţûüáôҶΪֵ֮£׻У
֮ϣ֮һصĴ󳼡
Ҷ˵ĺ޼ɵȫΪ޿ɱŭ
ֻӦ˵ŭȴҲ˵ΪǷĪ־Ҷˣ
ƽĹԱҲΣΨǰһ̾͵ԼԼϡ
һ˵ﻹ飡
ƫƫӻӵȫɿܵʵ˵ô죿
Ψһֹܹ鷢ģòƾֻлʵ۱ˣ
Ǻҹڳǰధ
ΨһĿģҪʵ۱ֹϳҶˣһ¡
ʵ۱ȴֱݳľνᡣ
ѵͷھȨ޴Ȱڣ󽫾ҲҪȥʶΪ˵۹δ޴˿ûûʱ룡
ʵ۱һ仰ȻΪ鶨˻
ȺʱãȻȻ֮С
ȺӲ֪ʵ۱´ʱܸһ仰ѾǶĹգڿʵûҲûкЩΪս¿һ㶼ûֹЪսѩƬһطɽǳǡ

ս۹˽ٴʮڿսƣ⹦Ҵ󽫾ƴսǽڽڰˡ£ɽկأһǧɽŹص򣬶Ѿ۹֣֮⹦Ҵ󽫾Ŀǰȫ߹أȻԵзƱֱѹƣ֮ܣشԮ
˹սһһȺ¡ѩΧȴֱӽˮһ¡עһӾͱҶƿˡ


183 ݣҶ˧Ʊ
Ȼ֪󽫾⹦Ҷ벻۹˽Ķ֣˭Ҳ벻Ȼܵô죬ôң
Ų̶̰ʱ䣬ǧɽѾϤݵ֣
ͳ˧⹦ҸǱֱӸϻ˳ʵ۹ͼڣ߹أ볽ʵһŻҲǱҪأĿǰʱס˽ǰ·ߵΨһϡ
߹Ҳݣôһֱǧ·;տء
֮Ȼ˽湥߹أǳֱ룬Ϳ̿
ǰս֮ó̶ȣѶˣ
ô죿Ⱥһ硣
ԶǽͬʱҶɷǣ滹۹˽ǿβ
ս߼
һսֱ߻ҡҷ
ַʲô£Ҳ˹ɡȺҪ
۹սǧɽͳ۱ȫѹ󽫾ŭֵŰսս£߰Юʤ֮ҹչս᧿Σ֧Ԯ

棬ͬʱ漱
һ̣Ȼ޼ơ
ʽҲǵһȶӵľ档
ս
ͥСȫ漯ᣬǾͷʮ򣬴ѹаǾѾװԤһڣܿǰߡҾս򱱾
㣬򱱾Ǳ߻ʱȵڵȴ˧Ҷ첻ڱһǾ£Ϲһʮ׼ļһ
ô˵ҲһҲֹ۵ӡ
ս
ѾִϽսݣĿǰսֽ֮С
㣬иϢˡ
棬һսʤսսδһ浹
Ƚѹһǿ룬˶оѹɽ
𣬷Ʈҡ
һ̣ͻȻı⣬ٴ飺¼ʱǲҶҶ󽫾Ѹٻط
˶ʶһ⣺񱱽Ҷֻ»ݱķսΣյһ
ͥˣȻҪһƱ£
֮ǰûйֵġ
ǲԭҲҶͻأ뿪ߵòܲˣ뵽˳ʹȻشʣʲôڲԭԣҪֻҪҶ첻ڱµµգȻҲʹˣ㳲ȫٽ
¾ʣҲöʲôԽܹһ߸ΪΣա
Ǳ۹۹սʤ಻ǹƣȴڼ
ǱЩԭڳôɾͲǵĹݣǡն֮£Ҳˡ
ʱҶ죬ǵǰΨһѡ
ΪҲΨҶ죬ܹصס֮⣬նҲҪδ

ʵ۱ڽӶյϢ֮ڳסˣټȺ¡
Ҷ춥̤ʱԸоٹͬʱһ¡
λһÿ˶Щӡ
ˣ¾ٹͬݽ棬޼ɵ޼ɣ
ƫƫͬˣҲǵ۹ĿǰΨһϣڡ
Ψһܹˣ
⣬޼ɵ޼ɵʱɣ
Ҷ󽫾ʵ۱ϣһη裬ɷùô
ȺǰҶôҲҪ˻ʵ۱ӵģ΢΢Ƿ²ˡЩģȻҶоεϣôµЩ©֮Ұ£ĿǰǿУǹҪ
һ仰ϳɳصҲһҡͷ
㶼ɱ˼ǧˡȻֻǲ࣡
ҪǡǶΪӻˣ˵Ĵɱ䣬ղ֪ԭǶӾȻܻ
Ȼоȣ㷢ôĻʲô
ӵûˣҪ˶ɱ᣿
ӹֵĻڣô˶ɱˣȻĿ˵ʲôΪء⡭˵ɶ˵ɶ˵ɶ
ʵ۱µͷĹû¶ˣȻǺ£ǣҵ֮ϣȴǿտࡣ
Ҷ˵νɵĲȥµĲ£ʵ۹еǲǸ߾˲ţɨƽ£
˵ɵĲȥµĲ˸ֵʱϬĿٹɨһ顣
ڶ˶Ǹоһⶸ
Ҷ֮ԣ˻ҶҶӣôɵĲȥµĲ˸֣ͻӦϡ
в֮⣬Ρ
λĹһݷ߿˼ȴǸŭԣһܲ˵ķӽǸûзֱ𣻶ϵ佫ȴһüɫ裬ü
Ҷ˧Ҷ˧
ֻݰѾǹھʣӺ
ʵ۱ǳ˳飬Σ֣üޣҶ󽫾ʲô취Ӧԣ
ҶŶȵ˵ˮڣգǰƿӦԼѣ΢пԷ߹һ
˿̣һ׺ͷ̲סòû£һɸֵ˵Ҷ˧ϷһΪΪͿ๦ߣ˵ʲô˼ʵ۹ֵƮҡ֮ʱۿųʵ۹ýǰȻ˵赭д൹ĿԴҶ˧ʲôֶͨΣ
Ҷ쵭ģȻ˵̫ʦһῴõģұ֤
漴תʵ۱¹ȭ£΢۹˧ְ֮ȱһɣرߣȫ֮ǿ¹£Ϊ½֮ͼҵ
һȫԾ
˹ǿдýն֮ǰҶ쾹˵˺׳ȺλҶ˧ĵǣҲ˸һ֪
Ȼȴɫ
ҶԭֻǱ˧Ѿ¾Ǳ±Ȩɾ;˧ǡʸҲһ֮ˣ
ҵİΣȫŪһ
⡭
һʱ䣬ţȺ
̫ӵɫ԰ֽվڴмλõҶ죬һ˲ĸоУͺǰΰɽ󺣣
ɺţ
һ֡ڣ°ƣ
̫ͻȻоڡ
һˣʲô
ΪУзֱô
һƬž֮Уʵ۱ͻȻӱϻվĿ⾼עҶ죬ãһԡ
ôҶ쿴š
ҶԴ˺ãһ˫۾ǷŻʵ۱µ۾һ˲˲
ãʵ۱һϺȡ
ˣȡ֮
Ⱥ֮ãȻĹˣһƬ𶯣
ʲô
͡ôˣ
ˣȡ
£²ѽ󳼼׶ѪĹ򵹰󣺡򲻿ɣ»˼
ʵ۱һ֣ûаԥľѾ


184 
ۿôҶУ˶һ֡Ǭ߸ʱմҸо
ʱ䣬Ѹ£ʵ۱˵
²ɡҶ˵
أʵ۱ü
Ūƺƴⱻȵ֪˷Ҷαǲѵ㳲ǽ֮׼ĴûᡣǱǵ֪ƱȨ˵ʡǾʹ˹ããԭͷ󻼡
˵Ȼʵ۱³˼š
ȺǿҵΣҶܹܹĵȴǵģºʣɽһΨһһܾȴܹԼصķ
һüչ
ȫûע⵽Ҷʵ۱͵͵ؽһɫ
ʵ۱Եķȴǳһ̾ҶԪ˧۹У֮Уܹ޵ĺ
ڼȵڽ㣡
ʵ۱³˵
·ģʲܣ
ҶĻػ

ϣ򱱾ԭݼٵһͷ廢Ҷмϡ
Ȼ󣬾°ҹʵ۹źȻ󿪣Ϣĳǣ漴ӱ޸
ţͬдӱǣߡ
ϳţֻһ֧ǡ
ڸϵԴľۼӪկʱǰֻһ£㼴˲УڰҹУ֧ͬ޴ļʸԵĿĵأ
ľӪԺ൱һʱԾǴ£̻ƺ췹
ʼӭƮ
˼֮⣬˶֪⼸ӪѾһƬճǣ¼ͻտ֮⣬ˣѾ֪ʲôʱȥǰߡ
ҶվڳǽϣעϷ
棬սʱڱ̣ΨԴϷǱߴѹȴǰδеĳءϣմܹŵס
Ҷ콣ü΢΢ǵĿ⴩͸˺ҹƺһֱܹϽ
մ磬ֻҪʱ䣡ΣһҪס
Ҷ૵˵
һ̣ת³¥ֱҶ
ף̤˳ҹɫ
ҹ紵֮УҶ췢˿Ƿɡ
ǲ⣬ôһսڳʵһս˰ɡһս֮󣬱װ´ѶҲôЦЦξ򣡡
ҪûأʧȥĶҪȳҵİˣҪȡãӦҵġһУ
ң

ҶҶЦоˡ
ȷϢòһ
֮ǰҶڼȫζӣϾԹ֮ʱų治ĻҶղΣҾ⳽ǳǣ
仰Ȼǲ˼ӻϵ˼㣡
صȴǣƫƫҶʵҲȨƣ
仰ֻһֻ֪ͨ˵һʵ

ҿҶЦûҶȻˣҶ֮ʵ˹յĻǱˣҲܻ⣬ɾɲҿʵ˾磬򡭡̫ӸУһĺ£̫ӵ£Ȼ治˵ûԹԣ
Ҷ⼸죬ļҹߣĵ˯ž
ҶʵҪҪ練ƣҲȭŵ£ҶЦδ֣˫δߵ޽ľ棬ԾԼǽ֮ң
ǣһµʼĩҶ֪أҶΪʶֻҪרѰ֮ˣδؾҲԼͷϣϾҪҶЦƣɲʲô˶ܰ쵽ģٵ켶нϵʵпܣ½켶нǿмˡ
һع⣬Ҫզأ
˵δ޽֣ԼһԸ뷨˼Ҷô
Ҷ׷ǿɾͲܹܲȥ⣬ôˡȫô⣿
ֻҪһ㣬ľ;û亹
Թ̼ʮǸΪ⼸ҲкüεҶɱӶһѣ󺹣Ȼº֪Լجһ£
˵һֻԶԶؼҶһѣһΣȴֲĿ־壡
ǹһ֮Уһμˡ
֮ǰһ֡ȨֶΣٻƣҲҪԺĵȻ֪ˣϣôһˣǲǵãǲġ
̫ӵ¶ԴҲһû뵽Ҷ쾹ֶͨΡȻܹȻѾҽ̵ҶЦ
ĵͷûп
Ҳû뵽Ҷʵʵ˹̫ؿŹģ»ĪҪ֣ʵҶһ͵ز©ңƺ븸һԵĬ˴֪һɻӾȫ֪Ȼصô
ĿЦһֻϣ£ԶҪףϹͷﵣҶ˧Ĵ̫࣬ӵ¡
̫ӵĵ˵ſģ£֪֪֪֪Բһ֪£йܾ·һ޶
ıʾͬĵͷȴأȫſĻ
죬ٴǰҶһΡ̫ӵ˵һԱͽһҪġ
Ļ̫ӰһΣһʧζ̾Ϣ
ĵأĸо
ԴҶ籩һǿƻع飬̫ӵ¶̬Ըıˡ
Ľϼ壬ĳңƺѾ̫ӵˡ

̫Ӹ̸ͬʱҶǱҲ̸ͬ
̸ˣҶҶЦ
ЩҩģҶƿÿƿ棬ŵҩ
ͨ
ϴ赤
ƽ
Ϲſŵ񵤣
ҩҶԣ󣬱ϾֻĽ׵ҩЧ޵úܡ
ҩĵƷﵽƼʱǾȫȫһˣ
ֵƼҩͬһֺ£ֻ֮УΪ˵ûô˵ģ
ҶͻȻʶԼĶƺȻúİİԼԽԽһֻҲƵĲʵо
ǣִ˵֮еļͻأسԼǰһǴӶóǸʱ
ǡЩıôԼڿɱ˰ɣ
ʵõ޲Щ鵤λصʦ裬Ρ˵ҶЦ׻ѻѾ켫
صʦҶ۾ҶЦЦЦҲλصʦ˭ֻҪȷһ¡Ҷҵˣǣ칬ˣǡˣ
ҶЦԲ㶡
Ҷҵˣ칬ˣ
ҡҡͷ϶ǡ
ҶһֵǾͺãʦҲٹʱǡֻǣڵ飬֪٣


185 Ǹף
ҶЦãȻҡͷ£˵ġһ飿
ǹĸ׵顣ҶٲȻ˼ơ
Ҷĺ¶֪Ǽµʼĩ̡
Щ飬Լһȥԣȥͺˡ
һֱһҲν벻ᱻǼǣ
Ȼ񣬶Ӿĳɫһĸ֪࣬ôԼĸױڵ
칬ȴǺεڣϵļް֮һǵУ
Ī˵ԼҶϼ岻ҹ£ϰԼȫʵȴҲ˼ҵĶ֣
ҶЦҲ֮УҶˡ
ĸ׵飿ҶЦãȻҡͷȫȻ֪Ǵûж˵ô֪ء
Ҷ쾲ؿΣȷҶЦĲ֪ŷģ˿ЦЦĸԼΪ飬ͳͳҪܣ㵱ҪֻһŬԼǿ
Ī˶ӵһ仰ҵĿûǳ
֪ҶЦ˵Ҹ֪ʵίʵǲʸ֪顭롭ҹʸʱһҪ֪࣬ȥĸӣȴҲҵĸף
ҶŤͷŴ⣬쳣ɳƵĻشֻҪʸͻ֪
ҪʲôΪʸ񣿡ҶЦʵ
ԪҶгص³⼸ֻ֣õԪ׶УеԪƷϲſɡ
˵գҶ̾˿
ԪǺεȿɼңԶ磡
ԼЩ꼸ƴսĥľҲԪƷѣ
ԪƷԪһƷֻ弶࣬ǣÿһǺüɽĲడ
Ӧ˵ԪƷԪһƷ߲Σġһһ죡
ҶؽΪ˵ԪƷĿȻǴԼĶѺ֪£֮ԽԽá
ΪҶʣԼҲʧһ˵ˡ
ԪƷôҶЦĿƮЦЦ
׼òơҲôԴﵽأ
ˣ˵һ£ǰǻᣬʦ˵й۲ҶЦͻȻӣҼˡ¡
ʲô£Ҷʵ
ҶЦʦӵай۲ԼԼʵҶ˿Ҳʾɣʱ䣬ͰԼԭ֮Ķӣĳ̶ȣǵ֮ΪҶɣҶЦʦǵԪƷϵĳǿߣͬʱҪһλϵľʦˣܸôľƷ鵤
ҶЦʦʵԽǿǶҶЦڶԼԲǻ£
ʵϣڽսգܴҪϷƸ¥׹ӣҶЦʦҶ㶨һŵƣȻŵֻΪҶЦԤΪȷҶЦΣԤ
ʦڼ֮˵㸸֮ǰܹһ̶ȵİˣȥˣմһǲͻԪƷġҶЦõ˵
Ц飬ֻҪҶǰǿαװҪһ㣬Ҳʲô̫顣
ҶЦҶĿǰʵ࣬ν칲أ˵ʶȴõ㣡
Ҷһ仰ʱһվ͵صɴˣ۾Ǿ֮⡣
仰Ҷɣ
Ҷ챾ͶҶЦʦʮƳ磬ۼߣټ仰ӿƶϳʵΪˮ׼
ֻں½½϶ûܹ˵һ仰
½֪Ԫ֮Ͼʲô磬м㾳磬ԪԪʲôģ˵жûС
ҶЦתʦֱⷬӣȴֱָԴڡȻû˵˵ľ״֮ȴѾҶĪ
ֻǰƬ̹۲죬ܶϤԼ˵ʵ˵ףҪʵҶ֪жѣ
˱Ϊǵ˸ӦεĵԪһǸ߽ײΣԲῴԼĶߣ
ΪԼֵģ칬ĵھŻԪƷ֣
ҶЦ֮ʦнӽھŻʵѰ쵽
ʦô˵Ҷķŭ
ԼЩ˳һ·ָԭΪһԪƷ磻ȴ־ʹͣҲûа
ԼôƴŬ޼£
ԭྐྵˣ
Լ壬Ѿְ㣡
ԼǽԼˣˣˣҲԶͻƵģ
ֲöԷԼһԼԶһϣ벻ǸϣԶֻһϣɼΪԼǾԴﲻġ
ֻҪͻƵԪͿƾԲ
ĳŵڶ߻죬ڴ֮ǰԼܶ޾
ʱ仰ȴ˵ķ̣
ǽڵɵһŪҪŪһ˰
Ҷ쳤һɫ࣬Ȼ鲻ѵ˼㡣
ֻ̧ͷҶЦеĵȴ类͵һˮ
ԼηŭµʼĩЦЦ֪
²ܸ
򡭡ģ
ʼȥʼչ͵ҲڶϱһԶļ
ǵģǰЩ˽սԷ֣ԭΪˣû뵽໼ҶһбͬҪըһķŭǿѹȥ赭дĿ˵λʦȻһҲܿó
ҶЦŸ׵ɫ˵Է˭
ѾɱˣʱԷƴսȴˣ˵õҡҶ΢Цˣӣ档
ҶЦĬĵͷ
ҶΪҶЦԼ˵ȴ֪Ҷ˿оκһҶЦд˿ҲǾ죡
ҶЦӵԶȳ˸ֱ˿̵ȫܹظоó˿ҶǺεȵѹŭ
Ϊ˱ԼĶӣȴԼһӲпˮ
ڱƳһ£赭д˵ӣӵΪ֮ġ
Ϊ֪˵ǿöӳ£
ԭǸף
ԭǸ
ҶЦĪ
һ̣ͬʲôݺݻУɲǼ価һƬɬĸж
⾹ǰδеܣ
ܰãܡ֮Ǻܺܵĸо
ҶЦҲʱסе첨ͷ˵ʦᵽ⼸ƿҩԻһĿǰ״Ȼҩ൱棬ȻʦΪһƪ
Ҷо˸ȻЩʲô
ҶʱҶЦʦĲ˽⣬϶λʦȻһλ춯صĳʲô
ѰĴ·


186 Ӵϣ
ܹԼİ
ҶЦ뻳һոµ鱾
⼸Ҷ״֮ҹϳһ
һҶֿĹ
һԪҶڿϼֵʱ򣬾ѾϷ˺죡
ⱾҶ˵൱˵
һԪڳ֮ʱֳĴ¼
ͻȻһϹżǰȥﾹһλǧǰļ֣켫ж
ⲿһԪ켫ĳ켫𣬾һԪ񹦺򣬼Σͷ
ľؼΪǧﻹʱչսһᡣ
ȻⱾʼҲ֪˭
ΨһõȷϵľֻСһͷĸмǧˣ
Сܲĸǲ
Ȿ˵еľȻôԼǰ
޴ľϲҶһʱӾȻЩΣ
벻ԼӵλصġʦȻ־ͳ񼶹
Ҷ¹ȻϲĪȴֻɣⱾĿǲ˵е񼶹ͬȴδؾ棬߲Ǻ߹ŪķðƷ
ߣⱾʵһŪ봫˵񼶹ͬؼ̧أ
ǵҶֽӹȥֻǷҳ֪֮ⱾƷ
ҶĿǰΪǷҲͽһˮ׼ȷʵȻֻԷģһƳȴȷⲿ桰һԪҲһϳ˵񼶹
ǿҾϲĻɲǼֻҲЩ૵ģ
Ҳڲ
ۿЩʪˡ
ΪⱾԼϣ
νˣԼһенϰⱾ񼶹֮ǰȫǲֵһᣡ
ԼڴһˣﵽԪƾԲ¾ףģ
˵֮ǰĵ׿ֻһңɼĿ꣬ڣĿ꣬ȴѾÿɼٷǸ߲ʣ
ֻҪԼ㹻Ŭ
ֻҪԷسŵ
ҶЦⲿһԪίʵԭɱ֣Ц֣֮ϧ񼶹ҶЦǵ޿ã
ҶЦõⱾʱ򣬱еĴͯӹѾ൱Ļ򣬳ǿʹ¾ģһΪȫϵⲿһԪ
Цо֮̾ϢԼǧһŪ£ȴһֵƫƫԼû˿ôľ޴󱦱
ֻ֮֮ܽ߸ԼһһΡ
һȴ˸õĹȻӲ
ȴȫԼһĸҶ죡
ⲻò˵Щƺڤڤע
Ҷ֮ǱһԪȦЩ죬ɳƵ˵ЦЦĿǰǳ֪ⱾԸжôҪⱾһԸͿԴˣʦݶһҪμǣҶҵĴˣ
ҶЦϰȻȴЦԷǣԼȻԼҵĴˣȴԵĸоԼһ鵱ǿֵҪ
ȸԾϲ
ǰǰδеĿо
ֵ˵ⲿôðһͷһúллʦ
ҶصҶЦļĵͷʲô˵
¶ģץʱ価һȵμסһһ䶼©ʱٵ
ƥﻳ
һ˷ԼȻرһĻ£ǰ
Ҷ˼εܣô벻飿
Ȼ󣬸Ӷ˸ԳƽϢԼ顣
أΪԷ֪Լڼʲô
ٹһ죬Ҿ͵ܷرҶ˵۹ھƣʵǲϾü縺Ρ
׵ġҶЦͷ
֪ΪΣҶ˵룬ĵ׾һֲĸо
棬ֻҪһȥˣͿ϶ʲô¡˵һκ֣дŵظһ߳ŰɡǱߣܴһݣ׸󻼡
ҶõЦЦܹٳƣǶĺ֡ˣӪһߵС˵
ҶЦһЦȻˣǺԺԾͶּΡ
Ҷ촵ӵۣװŭң
ҶЦæģӶԴЦа١
ȴǲֹۡҶüͷ˵棬սΣһʱвọ̈̄棬ãʵȴΣķΪƸ¥ܴǼ棬һо޴ʳ֡
֮Իԭܼ򵥣۹ֻܹƸ¥ӣһңһն
ԣմһֻ»൱Σա
ȴǷҶüͷƸ¥һֱûĿǰֻ˵֮ڳǳЩ˷룬²ⲻ͸
ҶЦǰڽһĶҲЩġ
⼸ҹ¼ҶңСѾͷ⼸˼ȦأĿ˵Цڼˡ
һʱͻϷ
ҶЦ֪СѾͷڵԼĸףҶЦҲ޷ʩ
ãҪҴһϽ
ҶȻһޱ޽Ȼȥʲôã
ҶЦЦһʱԡ
͵һ¡
һޱ޽
Ҷ仰ҶЦǰһҪܹؼ顣

ڶգҶԾһҶ˼Σںܱſڽǰ̽ĹԱȫ˳ȥ
ͳͳҹ˧ȫΪƣЩ˶ƨ˧ʱ䣬ﲻ⣡ǰ룬һһȫԴ
Ҷ˧Ժܲá
ǰ̽ƨһͷܡ
Щ֮УȻ̫ү
Ҷ˧һҲû̫ӵ
̫ӵ߳ȥʱǺڵġŭȴƫƫƢҲ
仰ųϾͲǰˡ
˶ΪҶ˧űջڼΪ˵ʱҶڵҹȻǣѪǷɢжҶһĳǣԶȺ
ҹɫ֮Уһᳵӣӱޣһ·ҹ̣
ͬʱֻƷڿն𣬽Ϣ˳ȥҶĶƳأҶ챩ŭ¾ǳ֮󣬱ڼȫ˹Ϊβ
ʵҶȷڼҡҶɭϣǰӵķܡ
ֻƷ࣬شϢ͵˸򡭡

ЩҪĸʿ˿Ҳһ·ϣЩ·̽ģѾӽ˳ǳǡ


187 ĸףĸ
ҶЦڣȻҲæòֺ
ʱ򣬰׹һƬص֮УȴҲһλ֮ͣ
Ȼİ׹ӣڼ֮ȴҲ̲סʧɫ
֮У׹һ£һеضϣ侲峺ǰҡҷ֣ǹһ˿ȻЦ⡣
·ƣҶá
ָоЩһоƿ֮еĳɾ͸УҸоܺá
ö֮Ϊ̫ͬΣϰΪͬԷˮһƽ
Щ롢ζˡ
ƣƣһ˷ܶ룻׹Ҫյģȴ
롱ڰ׹вһ̫εϷκҲ롢ζ
ȻϷ㹻嫡㹻𺳣
Ծɲǣ
˵ϰߣһܿµĶ
ر׹תңգϾһƬ˼
Դӵձ֮󣬲̽⣬ʯ󺣣ûаϢ
ȵİ׹Ӷмֽˡ
ѾɹˣΪƫƫͲأ
ҷѾȡ£վ޷֣Ϊޣ
һˣ̾һ
ᶼȥȥˡ
Ƭֻ֣ʣԼһˣ׹ͻȻ˿Լ쳣ļ꣬յƵᣬ²ڻ
ɲǺ󰡣
ͻȻͻȻһ󼱾ķӿ
ƲУ߲ʹâ˸
׹֣ͻһ磬һ˵
Ҷҡҷ
׹ӻȻ̧ͷɲʡ
漴һ߲ϼȻǰڰ׹ӵǰһŹװĸ˺Ȼ֣ƺǴ޵Уһ˲֮䡣
һ˫۾ĮŰ׹ӣ۵һ˿ŭ
׹Ӿˣһֱʧһˣ
װ˵˵ΪʲôԵ㲻ȥ𣿡
׹ӵͷҡ
ңһ治֪㻹ʲôǲҵģװһƮǰ
һϵġƮ־ˣʩչṦ㲿ƯƵĶݹ̰ˣʼҪڵ޿ܳ־ã
װ˵ġƮȴ˵ϵƮ˵Ʈ桰Ʈ
ƶУ²ӿǽŲմأһ֮ʣټзƻۣһл㼯Ȼգۼ䣬аƾڵۡ
Ȼգۼһȫʵʵӡ
ͨѩףһȾ
Ȼ󣬹װ˲ʩʩȻȥ
׹ۿһһεЦĸܲϰ۹ҾͲΪĸˡ
ǹװ˴µƻΣֻ۹κһҲӴһһҲ봥
װ˲ÿɷġߡһֻСأ
׹˵ᶼȥȥˣĸʲôԸͽٻ
ˣװ˵ǿǣֻ
׹ӳĬһ£ôᣬܲ
ŶװעüͷһĿкȻһ˿̽ѯζ
׹û˵ȥ
Ϊ֪Լ˵ҪȢֻֻǱ¶һ̶ȵĺøУĸһὫŮ£ž󻼡
˾˴˳ĬƬ̣װٶȿڵʲôʱȥ
ҲȥĲȥ׹̹ȻǸλ̫ˣҲֻҪԼڡ
ڣװ̾һԼӵ¶һ˿飬һ˿ϧڣ˵򵥣ϣ˭Ҫأݣעδôڣ֪㸸ϲľ㡣ԣֻΪ㸸ϲ㣬ֵܼˣҲǶ϶ϲŹ㡣
׹ӵЦЦЩڽ˵ôֵܣǿɶӡ
װüͷε̾˿
ĸһξЩˡ׹˵
ҲרΪǸоϣȻһ֣Բװü˵֮󣬾Ȼ㲻ӣĺܲģֻСڸѾˣ๼
׹ӿЦ
֪ԼĸĹϼ񹦡񹦣ޱȣܾ춯ԲԣܳؼµܣȻ񹦹Ȼ죬ߵҪҲǼֻ̣Ψ˲һѾżˣ
Ҳ˵ӵС塱ĸҪһ²˵ĻҲҪʵ˲ܷ׼Ҫ
²ԸԼĸһֱبͷδԲĴ£Ѱ£ȴʼղãȴں½ȵͼλ֮ˣ
˵ģԼɱĻԲǿЦ
ȻҲܾ˵˵
Ϊ˿Ӳһ㣬ԼĸУγϣ
⣬⣡
һԶѣ
ϲĸԸ׹ӹ˵
Ҳ˵ǡûװ˵治һȥ
ҵѾͷʵǲ˷ġ׹ӵͷĸģһ󹦸ɣұ㼴ȥ
װĵ̾һԸأҲ̫ͣãʱ䳤ˣ»ɿռʧ⣬½ݡ
׵ġ׹ӹ˵
׼СװһʽָƵɱСȵͼλϣӣ㲻⣬ġ
׹ӵͷŽָβƽ˵ĸſġ
װ˵ͷǰֻĸ˸Ȼһ½˺˿ˡ
׹Ӿû̧ͷɬǡ
Լһ̧ͷĸĿصǷΣ̲סҪӦ
װٶĵ̾һЩʧ˵㲻ȥҲãʡΪǼȥͷʹ
һΣ˲ʱʧӰ١
УͻȻ߲ϼۣ޾
׹̧ͷעŸղĸӣȫɰ۵ӣĿ
ĸһȥġ͵͵˵ڰ

һߣҶЦҹڱɽۡ
ԼıɽҶЦʵȱȱҪ˵ǰ桭
ҹȴǺȤСѾͷʱƲ֣أΪҶЦ顢˱Ϣʹһż⾰࣬ҶЦȻĲ̣ǰ߸պ͸öƻűҸ֪ҹ࣬СѾͷΪЦ


188 ͻأɱŮ黳
ΪСѾͷĵôҪ⳥ֻ͵͵СѾͷǰ档
ڵҶЦһĴ磬ģ֮
Ͼ֪ġҶЦڰ֮УҶʩȣǵôĳôһмƻֱӴˡ
ıɽϣο;ﲻΪķսԼȴҲһ׮
ҶЦͬСѾͷɽĿԶ˵ط⡣
СѾͷĿϷ˼૵֪ϱôˣ⼸Ρ
ǳݡ
˵ʵ⼸СѾͷΪĵĳĵӣ
ǽǣʾǰŸߣͷҶЦ˱飬СѾͷµȫȻ֪Ȼĵ˼㣬粽Ŀ⣬治֪СѾͷ㲵εȵزҶЦһÿգڵһʱ֪СѾͷ
ȻԶǣҶЦûˣսΣ֮صĸͬСѾͷġ
Ȼ˿ҶЦųɢģԾǷĲ£ѵÿ
İɣûµġҶЦ˵ϴ˼࣬˵ˣ˼ҵ½ϲӭսǹ壬ܹʤˣûУ㻹ڵʲôǸʲôţҿҲ࣡
ҹǿЦЦ΢һ£Һγ֪ҵǾ񣬲ʲô£ǵġ
ҶЦɵЦЦǰȻһ㣬Ǿ͸ӲõˣҰ׵أ
ȻʱһЦǾҲڷ񣿺ٺٺ٣ΣѵͲô
ͬʱͻȻһꡰˢһǵҲƵ佫
һӵıʿ·ͻȻȫס
ҶЦ͵һ˲㵡
Ҵ㵾ֹһ˲ҶЦæ֮УһѱסҹµĽˢһ˳ȥһžһ͵תݵһٴһ˿ܵתۣǿŲƵһʯͷ档
ۡ
ļʸ˵ƶת䵽ʯͷϡ
ʱмҽдȴѾ˼ʸĸһ㣬ҡҡλεĵ˵ϣʸ壬Ȼ
֮УӦһҲֻüгһ룬Ѿɴ⬡
±ʵ̫ͻأһҽУδԶգ
ҶЦӦε٣ּ䣬һȻѾУͷһֻܳ߳ɵ˷׷״ӻȡƲĳ˹̬
Щϰˣ
ɫĿײС
ȻһԤıĴɱ
Ŀҹ£
֮ǰɽ澰֮ķսĸ鱨ʵ۹ȴˣ۹⣡
ԭˣ
ҶЦиոͷȻһ죬ǰĴʯͷȻѾƬȻʯͷǰ˾ðˡ
һ̣Ϳɫ⻪糤һ㼱ɨˣڰգӥһݺ£
ӣҶЦһ
һ֯ж
ôֱʣȻһԳλԪ֡
ҶЦʱоǰʵϾԣ
Ϊ㲻ǰλԪ֣ЩˣȻҲƲõĹâ֮ÿһҲӵеԪƷϵΪ
Ǻ½κһɣҲҪ㳲пܣ
˵Ĵֱʡ
ɱ֣ųֻΪ˶Ըһҹ£
Է־ڱصõľĿ֪
⣬ҶЦķһΣղǳ꣬ȻԵȴֻԼĸܹҹвֻ㻹Сȣ
ζţǵĿġʵҪҹ£
ǰʯʧҶЦԥʯͷѵһ̣Ѿʯڻһҹһһ㵹Ծţͷ¼ʸһɽ·ʹڡ
Ӧ䣬ʵѾ޷죡
Է˾סһȻ벻ҹ¾ȻһôţӦ٣ӦԸǳɫ
Ȼһ̣ҶЦͷϷȻƿն
һӰһ£һƴǿͷݺ䣬һƾɱ
;δ£ָѾһҶЦǰϡ
ҶЦǰ֮ͣһֻ߳
䣡
ָ类ȫסı˴˶ײƶͣײ֮£ٶչۣԱ֮ǰٶɽݣ
·ǻֵıɽ
ҶЦЮ֮ǰײྡྷø졣
ŸոջȥҶЦȴ͵ȷֿ棻ȴһƷȻ£ȻС֮䡣
ҶЦ漴£˫ȣ΢һţʸһ˳ȥ
˺һһٶڿ׷£һ飬ĸԪҲѾϿգ׷ϡ
ҶЦ˱ɱֻȫһȻٷȥĿ϶ûС
ʮԪ˲ʵĴ̿Ҳ׷Ծ䣬ѹѹһߵ׷;ο;һƬЩȴһɲܲˣôһ·׷¡
·ߣһɾɱˡ
ҶЦѸٵؿǶԲߣʱֻԼһˣҪӳ߲ѣȴǴҹһҪȫˣѵ̫ˡ
˵ʱɥΣգ
ԼȻǸոΪ˵ԪƷǵѰһԪ׸֣п˵ʤ֮ܣڵȴͬʱλԪ֣߰ʮλԪ߽׸֣ȴһ˿һʤҲûеģ
ȴƫƫԶ뾩ǵıɽ֮ϣ˴ȻҶЦ󷨶ɣԴϴζԸϹŽ֮󣬲µһӦҲѾУ޿ã
˿̵Ȼһ뵽Ǳ˼ľ֮С
֮ӣǰδ
еҹֵͷ󺹵ҶЦСѾͷһʼȻֵ̿˻ĵزȴȶȻھҵҡУһ˫۾ȴضҶЦϡ
ԭŵɫתޣһ˫۾ͬҪγˮһ㡣
˵ЦЦǲҪˣ
ҶЦѸɨΧ²ųһзԼ٣ֱûҵ϶
֮ӣɼһߣ
˼ע߶ȼٵӦ֮ʣȻûҹԼʲô
ҹ˵仰Ķ̶̹֮䣬кüȻ£ҶЦӲϵҡ㣬һз֮Ѹ͵ͻΧѳ
ҹµɫճյעҶЦ
һΣʱ̣ȻоԵ㡣
ˣȵʱ̣ȻûԼ
ȻþеԼϼı飬ִŵĿ⣬һж֤ûз
ȻҶЦ˿ݵģҶЦıĿҹԾǳԵעšһ̵ůһ̵Ŀ⣬һֱШ۵
аˣ򸴺󣿣
һ̣Ȼе㣡һ֡ŮƮʮ꣬ҵСҸ


189 ǧһ
ԭ˽ӵĸоôһһҲ㹻ˡҹ
쿪˫ۣԼҶЦ֮ϣһ̣ĽԼģԼԼĻ꣬ȫиԼˡ
ֻϧЩ㶼ûбҶЦȫĶڵرܷ׷ʵûо
ҶЦȫ˹֮ʣϽųһ˿ǳɫ⻪磬Ȼɫ󵭱ǹǿϢȴ޷Ρ
ԭһ׼Ԫ֣ѹѲ׷Ⱥ֮УһһһԪ۷ǵļƻ̫һЩ
漴һɫĺ󽣹Ȼ֣һնһտȻĻβ˲ʱϯأҶЦݵķն
ǴΧ޲𹥻
Ϊֹɱڳ֡
мȳȴҲʹţҶЦ֮·ʹսᣡ
ҶЦ˼ڷ»ĹУ廹άżŤͷ½״̬˵Բ˵ͣͣ
ȻϮһ̣ҶЦڻֵıɽͻأס漴һҶµӦֶƶٶȾٶȴһԶԶɽ£һɵ˵ĹΧ
ԭҹα±Ҹȫ׼ҶЦϵһƬ±һƬ½ǣڿ졣
ߣҶЦͷҲأ˻ɤӱһŷ͵һ漴ҵһŤ֮յرܿǱɱһ漴һȫΪһͻȻޱ
ҹĲҺһ۾ֻƴأճյؿҶЦķںзԶȥУȴȻȫǸˣ
һӣȴþҶЦеŹԣɽҶµԶԶķɳ
ʵһҹº֮СѾͷͺˣԼĴڶڴ˿ҶЦֻ׸ѣЦЦղŵľٶΪҴһ·Լһǵ޼£ֻЦЦӵķģ
ҹѩѩһ֮࣬˲ʱ˾ƣٲѸٵƣ˳ҶЦһ׵ƣԶȥƮߴ䡣
ֻҲҶЦһ̣ҹͻȻʹѣ
һܿô
ô˵Χ֮£ЦЦܻܲȥ
ҲҪ
ҹڿһӿһͷ֮ͷ
ߡ
ҶЦıһҲƵĶͻȻҶЦϱڱεҰ
漴ʮâһţ
ͬʱһɼ֮ȫ׵ɢǵء
һɽõɫ׵ѩɽϺȻ
ҶЦ˲ħ񵶣ƣƽӦֶЦһʳ¯
һЦľ֣ҶЦ⻬ıһҡ֮࣬ʮҶЦӰȻչ֣һӰεķݡڿм
Ӱ޺޼
ҶЦķʼԷҲ
һĲҽﲻ
ϣһ˲֮Ѫ
׷ĵˣһ˲䣬Ȼһˣü޵ıʽ׷֮·
Էжʮ˲ҽŷʮˣȻʧȥʹһͷײڵϣҲ
ˣλԪڣԾɴҵ״̬֮С
ۣ
ҶЦƶ֮еٶأȴһģһѪ
ȴ޿κε飬֮ǰȫ˹³壬һҪʱ̱ϸ΢ȷĶһΧڻرܵ˵ĹȻǿзֹͣ³֮ƣּ޵ķ޿ɱҵ״ǻһˣпܵѪ
ҶЦɹͣסˣһű򷴳˻
򷴳չǿȴΧϬޱ
Ƶļʮȥɱʮ㣬ʮ㣡
ҶЦĿǰ֮Ϊһֱ֮УԷ֮ĵ֣˹ңһ˶Էķ֮һսսɾɲף
ֱ漣˵һ㣡
ֻһѾܵ˵漣ҶЦڱֳĵԪƷΪֱ񻰣룬Щڷ׷ԪǾģ
ֻǣ񻰣ȴҲǲø۵ģ˿̵ҶЦһֱ̲֮סһѪѣƲֹۣ
ˢˢ
ʮն䣬˷ΧסҶЦ˵۾ͬͺһ̺ݶ
ǰ쵰˲Ϣ⾰֮ٵԼʮ߸ֵܣ
Զ׷ҹµֻ֣ʮ
޵ˣѾҶЦ
ҶЦţҡţٶȺͻأ֡
˼״󽫣һܣȴûҶЦеʲôǿһڹӸٻתسһҶЦ
쵰ڻԼİڵл֮ʣȻôɣ
ȵһʱҶЦȴѾ󵨵Ķ
ʲôˣҶЦһǵѪ쳣Įʵ
ƽ䣬޾ϲŭ޾塣
ҪˣԷΪߵһ˵벻նȻΪŮôһԪʵĸֻȻƵŲߣֻֻ֮ôһҲ̫һЩɡ
ҶЦͷȻֻһˣһֻᰵ˵飬ȴѾ̫㹻ˡ
ԷһЦ㣬þ㹻ô
ҶЦɵ¶һ˿ЦݣѪ֮㹻㹻ã˵ô
ʱһһֱںƵİ͵վѵؽе㡭ɱǧĻˣõʲô㡭ⱰСˣȻö
֮֮·׷תͷȥֻղƲǼˣ˿̾ȻѾֹͣ˺͸ˡ
ÿ˶ǻ࣬ɫ࣬һϡ
˶ˣȴڳرɫ𽥵ıɫ
˼״ǵһ
ʲôʲô
Ϭ
ҶЦһЦټ֣ǿɲǶ
˵ңǶΣɱʱ򣬲ɱңɱ㡣ôһȺǼʸ͵Ϯ㣬ȻΧϽɱ伫׷ɱھȻָҵķֶαɣò˵ҲһȺ⣬治֪Ժݣľ˵Ц󷽵ЦȻҵķɣǶȻΪǶǾ͵Ƕˡ
ڽЦЦһʶûУȻҲ߶˼ôʦ˭ȥֱӵܣ
ô˵ʵҶЦȴҲĴһ
һΣ״ʹħɱУ
û뵽ħ񵶵ħԼļ֮ϣȻôɱ


190 ҵΣҵػ
Ҫ֪ԷһˣҲֻǲһƤ΢˶ѣȻôһЩ΢˺
ȴγѪ׶Ľ
ίʵǳԼԤڣ
ԶԶ
ҶЦǺ֪Լļ֮ȻЧѣκε˶ܷãֻЧߵбˣԸԪƷµߣЧνܸܵģһбԷֱеĽ
Ԫʵĸ֣ŶԷʵԽǿЧҲԽ֮ǰۣҪУԷԡӲȸ״̬Ҫֳ׶סȴΪܡ
ıʵȴԪĽңԪߵĸ֣䡢ģгʻҵ﹩ԪʦǿߣҶЦжϣԼļ֮ҲֻЩ΢ЧͼӰ
ǰЩ˵ʵǿߣȴҲֻһʵԼļ֮רŶһʹãǿ൱õЧǶԷʵ̫࣬ԼҪܵסˣ֮ȻȡûԻ͡
ڵսȴ˵ĻԻͣ
ֻһħֵħڽӴѪҺԼֺʱ쳣ǿɱ
Ψˣ˵ս
ˣ񲻿ɴ˶ⶨµսԣ
ȻͷҶЦֻһ
ΪԷѾٶȷ˹
ҶЦеǰȴϾ룡
ȵıλԪ۷ֳƷǳսҶЦм䣬һλԪ漴սȦǿƱȡȫעһвԾֻǱҶЦҵݻᣬء
Ҷ֪ʼǳʵ۹ĵ̣΢һ¾ͿܷʣȻǹ˲ʲôˡ
ʵ̫խ˶ͬʱ֣Ѿһӵϡּйˣ
ҶЦ޻ң侲ļвУмţƽһɽȻԵ޵һΧʼմ粽ˣ
ҶЦ˽Լʵڣҹ±Լһ˦ֻ֮Ҫ椻Ͳᱻҵ˿ֻ̣ҪԼٶȶһʱ䣬ҹ¾ܸӵİȫһ㡣
ҶЦϧԼ
ǰǿΪͷռ˴˳ۣȡ֮˳֮б˾ʹ֮ززԶǧ
˼ʲô
һΣȴѡƴսҲҪҹѵĻᡣ
ǰЦ˵һ˼顣
֪ΪΣȻҶЦ˿֪ͳҹ֮Լܻȴǲûжܵ˼
ǡһּ
ΪҵΣһ˵Σ
ҶЦжԼ˵
ھпǺɵΪ
ҶЦȴоԼһ̣ȴֵõ
һû뵣ˣΣ߲ߣ߲˸Զ⡭˵ģı׼
뵣Ȼȥ̸ˣɲΪˣһ֣
ڡˡ֣
ҶЦһ̣ǽģ
Էһȭŵ˷ϮҶЦţ϶ʱʱֵħʱ¶
ÿκɫâһ֮ʱҪӦˡ
ΪǰͬĲ֮״ÿ˶̵̫ӡûκƵ鷢Լϡ
ֻһΡǰһǲҪˣԼȴҪġ
ȻÿһΣεСģȴҲһ˻˾ô£
ҶЦķ빥޼Ѱ׺ݶԪֳ֡Ϊûա
ʱ򡭡ȻҪôһаյĵ汳ģǵ֮
ķ빥Ȼûչ
˷һ£ʹŻ߾Ȫ⣡
Ѫ䣬罦ɽ㣬Ѫ
ǰһֻö̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ҶЦ߰˴˺ۣΧȴҲͬĵ߰˾ʬ壡
ǼԪȻʱһȴҲǱֻҪӰһǱҪȫܣӰȥķͬҲ˿ĵ
ҶЦֹ칥ɱе˶Ǵ۾
ԭһĽ֣ѾϤʵʵҲֻõԪ˾Ʒѣ֮ǰǴֳɫ󣬺ܴʹĳ͸֧طɵģ
Ȼʵ״̬ĵԪ۷壬ΧҲ͸ñˣһϷѾ߰˴ˣ֮ǰܷɣƫƫڻܼ֣
ڣôΧ֮£أ̶ȺնɱˣԼҡҡλƺʱȴǲ£
ֱһ
˿̣е˵Уһ𾴡ȴŨŨĺ⣡
ѪӲӣβ𾴣ѪӲԼĵ˶ͷȴҲֵú֮ǣ
ΪԽĵˣҪȻҪԽ˵һľԼĵˣΣɱ֮ϲߣ
ΪڴˣҶЦӦȻҲԽԽѣಡһѪһҶЦϼⲻȴ̲סһ¡
ļϣһƤѾ˳ȥ
ֻͬʱһֻҲ׼ȷزǸֵĵԪֵۿ̺֮­
β˵ۿأ˵˷˹һҺ۾ת˵ڵء
ŲҶЦԽԽ󣬴˿ĹѾ֧ջطˡ
ţ
顱һֻͬʱݺҶЦϣҶЦҲ㲻סһģ߷һ˳ȥѾһƬģ
ȴֻһƬģ
Щϣ
ϣ
ȫʢʱڣһͿԴЩϣʱȴֻܱ۸޶ٻ֮
Ǵ˼ֻðôҲնɱҴ
ǡĵʵ̫ˣ
ѵҶЦòһΣ쾹ȻҪ
ô׵ٶ䣿
ҶЦ۾أģţǿվѪӿȴͻȻһͷ
ǸղŵһΣһ᲻ҹԼߣ
ǵĿֻҹ£ҡ
ֻȣоųϵİտԴѡ
ǡ
漴ҶЦԳЦЦҶЦôǸô
ٺ٣ٺ١ҶЦЦһͻȻо¾һ泩Ī𣺡ǰܹڵ̬ǸŮӣǸŮôģ
Ϊʱʶ˵Σ벻˵ĵ
ԭǰЦһôô
ҶЦ˼㱣һ֮ʣڹ˸ֵ֧СѾ˲Լķܡ
˶ؿˡ
ҶЦеķȻز٣вȴ˿δ
Ҫÿһ˼״һϣŶǸĶ֣ȴĶڹ⣬˶Ŀ⸴ӡ
һɡҶЦ΢ЦţҶ汳ģһ·


191 ͬ
ɱԸ漴ԱΪ׵Ԫһȣһϣ
ˡ໡һһԵس
ҶЦٺһЦþʮ˸Ҫһ
ͬʱͷŵ׵ɵҲѾƴ
ίʵѾ
һսͻأ֮пᵽңҶЦȻõ񵤵Щ΢϶ҲûСһ֮ҶЦ֪Լͽһεߵ˾ͷ
Ȼʱ˾뽩ֱһס֡

ΪһԲóֵⷢˡ
ôˣ
ס֣
һ񵽼㣬ȴмŮĺԴ
һĻ֣̿־壬ƺһԼһͽҪԶʧȥҪĶ
ڳ޲Ϊ֮һ
ҶЦһ
ͬʱתͷѭȥ
ֻԶԶأһϮȹţںڳڷҷ裬¾׵СѾˮǣ߲СѾͷҹǺˣֻһǳһŵĿ񱼶ƺʱ
üҶЦԾͦıӰһ˲ȴͻȻ֪ӿȻһԾԸٶȷɱ
˵Ԥ֮⡣
ǰȥ׷Ѱҹµʮˣ˿̺ȻǴķתҹ´ʱķҲǱҶЦӳȥǸ
ҶЦŷɱļˣһĪ
ղ˦ҹ³ȥʱʹõνɷѿģй켣ȫֱƶһֱƶ֮һתɽͷй켣ͻһμһ䣬ҶЦ趨ǸĿĵأǾǵԼιŽ֮ʱǸѨ
ֻҪǶѨͨ˴СѾͷҪ߾㲻ʮþȣǴ
û뵽СѾͷûг˻ѣ֪ʲôҵ·ͷֱˡ
ɵѽҶЦĿģţͻȻܻĺݺһ
ҹ¿񱼶оֻҶЦһˣһӦΣվȻ粻ҶЦ𣬸ֻһִŵɫ
˿̣Χһ˵ͬʱȻҲ֪ÿһ϶

ҹһӳҶЦأرס
ֱокͻȻ·һһ㣬ޣй޾࣡
ҶЦεһ̾
˵ʲôо
һɾͱһҶЦǺǿЦ
ҶЦЦԭ£ôҲӳһˣҶЦǷҹ£ȫ˵ĻپųɣҶЦȴѡСѾͷݾأҶЦ˳֮£СѾͷأȴԸҶЦعأ죬ȴһѰ·һԴСɵϣ
ҪһˣСѾͷƺֱ˿̲뵽Ͼ⣬Ӿֵתһ£漴źһĹĵĵҪһ𣡡
ڵȴвһ⡭ҶЦЦסϵʹ࣬ס֮зʹЦͶĽҲһˣǵĿıץסʣҪЮ
ˡСѾͷֵ̿˵ճյؿô죿Ҳ
ҶЦĺȻһжζӳ¡
ԼղȫԸСѾͷΣȻǰϧСѾͷȴҲδؾûдУСѾͷ˿ػؾأȴֻǲԼ
СѾͷΪǣǺ޴ȴܲ˸ж
ۿǰأ¶СѾͷͻȻһֽӵ뻳Уݺ뷨
Լղƴա
ɹͳȥˣԼĥˣҲۣûа
ǣôԼܻˡ
Լ֮ǰϤˮҲûˡ
ңһӰ쵽Ϸս֣ҹµԻĴǺε
ô
ܹô
ҶЦȴʵôҲֲ
ǰԼôѾȫҵ˻·ʱȴػأ
һŮ飬ô֣
ֻǿСѾͷ滨Сĵȴֻһ̾
Ҳգ㼴һˣҲν
ԭȻһ£ֲôƴ˫˫Ѱ棬һ׳ٺЦҿүԧ롣
ҹͻȻɿҶЦĨȥᣬתЩˣǵĿĲôҸߣǷߣ
ߣͬʱЦ֮ǰɱôˣô˵һǾôߣѾҵ֮УǷȥ
ҹĵˣβҧ˵ҪֻңҪЮҵܵһţǲҪЮҵɣˣеļƻҪƲпܴٳҵķ֮ġҸǰȥһоͶͬһ㣬ֵܷóɡ
СѾͷһ̵˼뾹Ȼ˵ֻҪǷҾ͸ߣ·Ѱٻʳԣ
һЦ˵ȻȣŮΪɣȻϸ׵ҲˡһŮ
ҹҧ˵ȴֻҪǷЦЦһҾԾҹôҪЮҵЩС˽ʲôã
ôķϻΪ׵һߣСѾͷˣСֱҵʬ
վǲҹµ
ҶЦߵĽʵ̫Σˡ
Ȳ˵һ·ܻܲصȥδֻ֪˵ҶЦһһִԺֻʳѰ
һХһѽХ
ҶЦؿҪ
ҶЦۼɱεĿЦŽԽԽ˿һܵҲûˡ
ղſҹҶЦһʱиڻܹվţѾ֧ţȴ̸һľɱһ
ϡһȴСѾͷνʣһȻһ̣ҹгӦѣѪŷɣԷľɱһԾͷĵҶЦؿڴ
ҹٶȷһĲҽУǷܲһԾ𣬴еҾӣ
ĽȻһӵҶЦǰų˹ȥ
˾һĻ㶼һ
벻Ů˸ңΪԼˣ˿ҲϧԼ
֪Ľ޲ȴֻһ̤ϻȪڳˣ
ҶЦģҹӰ˽ǰ棬¶һ˿ʹ΢Цûг衣
ΪҶЦĺʹ
ΪʲôǲܽԼӦеο
Ϊʲô
Ȼҹ´˿ˣܺùץȥвһҶЦĵ׵Ƿݴܸȴȼգĥ
ΪʲôôûãҵΪܹٸһЩ񲻾һжˣ
λǰĲҿ


192 Һ
һֱף˶ҶЦķߺȻѾȥ˼һ󼫣Ǵҹ壬ԾŹԽҶЦ࣡
ҶЦһ㣬Ѿ
죬˵Ҫһˡ
ɵѾͷ
ΪʲôҪЩûȴôжأ
֪ãȴҪ֪סãȴҪȥҪһ߾Ȫô
СѾͷ
ҶЦۿЩʪˡ
зСѾͷ仰ʱͻȻӿһĪܰ
ҹ¸ղŵһ仰ĺȻӿԺ
Ҿӣ
ͬͬ
ҶЦͻȻ仰˼
ۿ漱ĳҪҶµţλԪּ״ԾǰҪץסСѾͷȻÿȴ˰ģ
ۿҹ¾Ҫʹжӿְ֮⣡
벻ȫƿؾƵĴ£Ȼ⡣
ȻѾ޷ء
Ȼ޷
޾ԣ
ʱͻȻһԼٵ𡪡
䣡
ʱռ䣬ͻȻʹ̣
һ⣬ƺյķ磬Ҳһס
ˡŸղŵƣ˵أ
ɽ
Ƭ죡
Ƭƣ
Լ
Ǳԭƥ޿ɻĶ֮Ծάԭƣͣҹǰڰ֮С
һ̣һֻ׵ֺͻأ콫֮䣬ƶԶȴΨֻܶ
ֻֻؽǱץһڽô˴Ƭһء
ԾάȫȻܶ״̬ȴ˿˵۾
Ȼ⾪һĻ۵ף
ԭȥһڽҲδģķΧ֮£ȴ㹻˶ǣף
һ̡
һһһĿ˵òҵһͽܣЩǰɱˡǺôĵӰôĵӡ
ϣȴҲ὿ࡣ
ȻŮӵ
ֳ˹֮ˣһŮӣ
һ̣šһƺǿͻȻһ鲣׼ȷһ˵Ӧռһ鲣һˡ
˷ԿԭȫһĿռ䣬ͻأȫ׵سһɫĿռѺۣȻռһŤٶȻָԭ
Ȼ˺Ȼ֣ԼȻܹˡ
һı仯˺Ȼ
ҶЦڣ
ҶЦ𾪵˼עǰĳ
һװ˻߳ʩʩȻߵҹǰ
̣赭дްۣ
̬ͺǴһȻ˷Ȼûа̻
ڳЩɱֻֻΪһ֣֪ԷǸߵʲôΡ
ҶЦȴ֪ġ
ңҶЦ֪һ£ǰԼҴ۷״̬òҲԴﲻԷֳεʵ
ǲ칲أȫûпɱԣʵ̫Զˣ
һĻԷѾԶԶس˵ԪƷΣ
֮ԷΪѾԶԶԽν߲Σ
ҶЦһƬȻѵŮ˾ȻԴλˣ
⣬ҶЦע⵽һ£ǾŮ˳֮󣬱ɽͻȻһͬȥůˬо
ۿȥɽϷĿһƬѩء
ҿУȻȻ߲ϼۡ
ŮӵϣǷݺ£ΨҶҲչ֡
Ľ£һƬ߲ϼȻ塣
ȻôվȴǶ֮⣬ĿҲûнӴ㣡
Ů˭
ʲô˲ӵƣ
ҶЦ˼ȴָͷԣֱǧͷ塣
ҪһأȴڣҲûκ顣ν硯ĴڣҲģģֻ֪һѡ
˭̿Ϊ׵һλԪһֺܳζСĿ˵ΪҪ֮飿
ŮӸʼգֻϸϸĴҹ£ϵ£κһϸ΢ĵطŹ
ҹ±ŮӿëȻ̲סҶЦȥĵ㡭˭Ҫʲô
Ůӿã¶һɡȻˡҺ⡯ϲɫúӣ壬ޥģУࡢˡȻҪҵˡ
ҶЦһ˵˭δҪʲô
δޣŮüͷɨһҶЦ
֮ǰŮӲûдһɴ̿ͣͬûдҶЦûһ䡰δޡɨһҶЦĻᣬ衣
ȻֻһۣҶЦȴܵظоһǿΣУά򶨣Σ
ŮӵһЦ㻹ӢһغĻô㻹ᣬһɣ䲻
ҹŴԣʱ˿־壬ŭ˵˵˵ҾҪϱ
Ů۾εҡҡͷĿƺǿһȫµСӣ㲻㲻ã䲻㣬Ҳ䲻㡣
ỮһȦָе˵Щˣĵˣ
ҹº޺޵˵ͳͳǻˣ򲻹ҵ͸Щ°вĹ⼿ֶΡ
Ůһίʵǿɶƽ޵ģҲˡ
һ£ȻˣΪʦľͰЩһ£ǸССˡ
ҹ㯵˵ΪʦʲôΪʦ
װһЦΪʦľңҾʦ
СѾͷסˣһʱЩ㵣ôʦˣɶʱһλʦզһӡûأ
棬Ϊ׵Ԫַŭ˵˭֪ʲôˣԲ֣ȴΪԼ֣㣬ǷƸꡭ
ǹװڶݣüͷû뵽ϾȻ˸вҡǺǡϡ氡
˵ţͷҲصһȦ
ҶЦ˶ʱãƬռ侹һεˣ
һε̣ȴǴںԵѡԵġ
ΪҶЦҹûκ飬ǿɻģЩɱ֣ȴһҲܶˡ
ôӲվţգգƤˡ
Ůעҹ£˵úӣҪ£۾ҪⰹһĻ
ҹƵ˵ʲô
ŮεҡͷһЦ𣡡
žһռһ飡
ֻһε飬ȴͬסˣһ飡
еɱ֣һ̣ſռ飬建̱ίڵأǡ˾û˹ͷûκε֧ŵ㡭
һֻ̯̯࣬һգ۵ʱ䣬ʹһվŵˣһ̯ƽƽڵģѪ⡣
ʮˣ˿̾ǰʮֻƽĺɫţڵϾ̯š


193 ת컯ԶԶ
һ̣Ѫˮʣʮ˵Ѫôٴ㺣һ㣬ξһ𣬻һɫСӣɽȥ
ǡˡ
ȿȡѾɶҲûˡ

ҹ¼״һͬһ㿴ǰĹװˣ־ɫе㡭ġ
װ˵Ѿͷŵ˰ɣղ㲻ҪģʦԣԿǰ֪˰ɣ
ҹ²ţ²⡭ô£úõĴˣôûˡ
תͷҶЦȻҶЦǱߵõ𰸣õ֧֣ȴȻҶЦ˼ʻѪɫ԰ףҡҡ׹òվ֧֡
ɾһЦЦôˣǰһѱסҶЦ
ŮӷĿһƳˣˡ
ҹ±ҶЦԶʱ£еҲЦЦ㻹ûȢءء
װվҹٶȽĿעӵҶЦϡ
ɫò
ʱЩɱ֣ʱȴֹΡ
ҶЦʼƽ޲ˡ
ҪͽܣߣΪأװ˿ҶЦʵ
ҶЦüԸµΪҪߣΪͽȻһĺ¡
װüŶҲôΪô
ҶЦȻôΪ˿ɣֵġ
װ˵ΪΣȻѾҶЦ֪޲֪٣춯صĴ֣Ȼҹ£ҪΪͽҹĪĸԵ
⣬ҶЦţҹ´һλᣬɥʧ֮ĻԵ
ʼҪͬСҶЦ˵
װĸоҶЦ˵ģԲǼٻﻰĻ
һ㣬ĸ֪֮УǾ˼ٵģ
װ벻СҲмּʶڿ㣬һ˳ۡ
תͷҹ£Ѿͷ벻ߣ
ҹԾֻǱҶЦʹֵشϵƣڹװ˵ʻȫȻ֮š
ò˵Ų̫ǡȫû
װ˼״εҡҡͷһӣưһһѤòʹ⣬ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʽҶЦĿС
ҶЦɲǼֻоһɺޱȵӵﶸȻ˲ʹ֫ٺ
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬ԭٺʹܣͻȻʧӰˡ
ˣһ˲仯С
˺ۡѪģĵطҲһ˲ֹͣѪȻ̣Ȼ˰䣬¶ùƤ
ǰֻգ۹⾰ҶЦϻиղսĺۼѪѪյĺۼȻǸһȫû
ʲôҩȻ棿
ҶЦظоҩȻǱԼνĵ񵤣ǲ֪ҪǿٱӦ˵ϵģ֮컯񵤣
⣬ҶЦܹоǹȻĪҩ޸Լ֮࣬ʵûĵ٣󲿷ҩڣɵҩͻȻһȫĻٿԽԼűһٴΣ
ҩȴһȻȻķʽҶЦ֮гĬϢǱ
ҶЦ֮еĳһ䣬ȫ׵Ĳˡ
ҶЦܹµԼһٴʲô˵ʱҩȴһηá
ֻܹӶٴãҶЦûаˡ
Եģ֮ڣҩǾĲġ
СѾͷһСѾͷ໤ķϡǹװ˵˵žת컯ͱ㣡ǡĲˡ
ҶЦһ
ת컯
ŵ֣ԼҲǴû˵ġ
ȴעƽ֮
ҶЦǺ֪֮ģװ˿ϸԼôõ񵤣϶Լ£ֻǿҹµķϣǣֻΪҹ£ȻӳôĶ
⣬ֱ̫ɶһˣ
˺ûпɱ԰
ңҶЦ֪νġֻԶԡ
ŶҶЦ˵ǡ񵤡ĺöλװ˵ȴҲδʲôö
ͺԪں½һУѾǿ׹ǵľҩУȴֻѰҩ֮˵УֱӾмһˣ
ҶЦš񵤡빬װ˿˵Σͬ
ԣǾ仰˺˰ûпɱԣ
ҶЦϵڻָװ˵ŵҩɱһ֮У˴򣬶һʣ֮·ΪһƬ̹;һЩǳΪƬ½Ĵ桭߲ףҲǲ޿ܡδͽܣʧŵҩȴҲѾ㹻˰ɣ
仰һ룬ҶЦĶ
ߡ
仰ҹȻġ
ֻҶЦһ˶˵
ҶЦҡҡͷԶԶ
װһɫһСӣҸ㣬ˣҪ̫̰
ҶЦƽ˵ⲻ̰һҸûҪκζⲻǲø߸ϵĿ˵ⷬԼΪˡ׵ضɱɷͬһĲΪǲ
װƾ㣬ǰ˵仰
ҶЦȻʲô
װɫԽԽǱ䡣
ҹµĵҶЦǰͰ͵ĵ㡭Ҫʲô
װ˿ҹ£ͻȻչһЦƾΪǧ꣬Ҳɱҵɷġ
ҶЦЦЦ޾ԣԣκλκ£ҲҪ̫
װ˲ÿɷЦЦȻû˵
ۼҶЦȬװɫ㣬˿⣬ް㲨һоԤ֮УŴ˵ʲôȴüܲɽϵѪһӣһ𴦣ɽ֮ͱ
һȾ
ȻҶЦҹ˺Ȼ֣Լλװ˾ȻѾɽ֮
ƮƮȻѽɽ֮µߣȫϣ
ҹ£ҶЦҲûз֣ʲôʱʲôʽԼŲƵġ
Ůˣɽ֮ܡвٿط֮ҶЦһ¡
ʵԼǰãŬһӡҲûдﵽģ߶ûľ簡
°ɡװһ֣ˢһĿʯʱʧһܴ󣬵ƽƽ̨
ƽ̨ϣһ輸Ѱӣӳһҵķʽš
ҹ½ҶЦ䣬ҷ֣أЩȥղŵѪȳЩҪŻĸо
װ˾˶һ˫۾ֻǶҹ²š
Уоϲ̽һ˿˿Ĳȷɻ


194 ֻǸŮˣ
Ѿͷʲô֣װʵ
ҽҹ¡ҹ½һҶЦ֣ش漴˵ллЦЦ
ҹ£֡ճҹ¡װ˳һ
ȴСѾͷлԼҶЦĻû
ߣҶЦԣȫҪû壬мһˣ
Ѿͷǲʲôϣװʵ
ʣԼѾѰ˲֪ʼδѰٵʡ
һֱǧ꣬ŲòֹͣѰ
ΪԼıΪѾ˸֪µĲΡ
ʲôط˳Լͻ֪Ҳ˷ټѰ
Ȼַһ㶼裬УѵһֻɻԵż϶ϲǿ֮
ǷԵɾ͵ĿԿ˵޿ܵĵ͡
ûС
ȻһȴǴһ
СѾͷҲѾʮˣôűԼ֪أ
ô£
УȻĳԵ
ϣûаҹãȻգۣɶͷԡ
֤ʵ֮£ȷԭǷװüͷ˼УȴͻȻɱ˷塣һ켶ĸı䡭ûˣ
Ŷһʲôϣ־ǰԹһŵ񵤡ҹ˵ѵĸ
񵤣װ˾һ񣬵ʲô鵤ʲôЧ˹컯棡
񵤲鵤ֻһֳνҳԵʵǡԪɡҹ˵
ԪװЩͷ˰ۡ
ĵͽ׵Ĳٵͽ׵ĵҩȻܹһŮ˱ɷ塭ôҲ̫Щɣ
˵ⷬĲҹ£ҹ²Ƿװ˶ͻһĹȥԪҲҳʲôϣˣǲ
һԵҶЦȴһ
ԭǷ壬ȴ˷塣
ԭ޷֪ȴܸ֪
ô£
Щı仯ζʲô
ЩȻǵγɵЧ
СѾͷùһεԪԪ֮⣬òƾûʲô̫رˡ
һҶЦһСѾͷ֪Լթ˱ʱ鼤ʱ١Щʹȥ
ԼΪСѾͷ㶯˿ռڵĺСѾͷһ¾
ֻĹУԼԭʼĺǿŵƮƺܲӡ
ҶЦûйҵĺȻԾأɴСѾͷȫһ顣
ǿŵһǰδеľһŻɫĹâӵƮ˳ƺڼֹԭʼй
ʱҶЦȫĵΪҹûȫ˹֮£վһŻƵĹâҲһͽҹµľ֮ȥˡ
֮ǿŵ;û˶
ƺܾɥʧӡһԪ˵ӡ
˵СѾͷԴȫ֪ȴҲ֮УΪڻ˯״̬ǼձʹĳĵľļĲŹ֣
ҹµķ塭ôİɣҶЦͻȻ쿪
װעҹ£ʼհ˼⡣
ϣôһȻɵӣֱ컹Ҫ죡ɾͣôһֱ֪üͷ˼֮
̲ס֣ץסҹµһԪҹµھ鿴
㼴ʱһ
ɫžͺˡ
ΪԼҲ벻ԼȻʧ̬벻ԼȻ飡
ΪȻ֣ҹµ壬ȻԼҪô
Уƺһɺ޼ʵ̫
ˣװ׶Ȼݡ
һ̣ͻȻԼѧյʱʦ̾Ϣһ仰
񹦣㣬ȻɵϹ׹κˣκδܹģⲿֻء
بȻɵĹȿֻϧν壬ֻһϵ壬һңɼľ룬ԣȻ֪ܹߵ߸Զĵزȴʼûܹһ죬к͵֡񹦣ܹ߲εķɡ
̼ǵãʦÿ˵Ǿ仰ܻ֮һ̾Ϣ
װ˺񹦴ɣ񹦵ļ壬Ҳʦ̾Ϣʲô˼һ˫ľߵ۷塭
ȴΪޣֻ̾ͽ̾κΡ
μоίʵ̲ס̾
ڣ
װ˵ɴ۾ǰҹ£ֻо޾ϲ
Ϊ
ǰ񲻾Ǵ˵֮еϷ壿
ҹ¾ŵ˵㡭㡭ʲô
װһҹ£¶һһҪҵͽܣ
ҹ¿Źװڷĵ׷һĪ¸оʶӵҡҲ
װеĽؿڵѾͷֻҪΪʦһΪǿˣ£ϣҲǿĴڣ
ֹڴˣһӵ޾õϵҫ
㡭
װ˿ٵ˵ôĿӦоУջޣװţûܿջͽܣԼնˣ
⣬ҹͻȻʵǡأ
ҶЦ
װͷҲأҲĳһۣڵʲУ̫Զˡ
ҹηӦú٣ҡͷ粦˹ģҲȥˡ
װסɶ˵ɶ˵㡭㲻ȥ֪֪˵ʲô֪֪ǲȥǷʲôǿ֮䣬۷ġԻ͡
ҹµͷ˵ЩҶʵҪҾֻһŮˣҲŮˣҸտʼµǻᣬ͸˵Ů˵һҪģһ֪֪ȣ۰ԼˡһӣһӣһȥƴһȥսһıϡȵˣҶ߲ˣһܶŮźһЦˣ
˵Ů˵һһж㹻ˡĵνΪֻһŮˡ
ҹ˵š
˵Щʱ򣬻һЩ˼˵ʱϻЩ㯡Լȷȴκ˶ܿóġ
ֻһŮˣ
װ֮¾סˡ
СѾͷƽʵĻͻȻ˷ڡ
Ǽ򵥵׷󰡣
ҺγһŮˣ
ҺγҪӣ
ǣ
ܣҲİ


195 һжʵ
ڵ磬Ů˵λʵ̫ˡװ۾ưƣܻƵأŮ˲ܣ˿ӵұŮ˲ܣ˿檣Ů˲ܣһ£ŮֻҪȴעֻٲǧָ磬˲ƽΪŮ˻ҪЩԼ
ΪǲܻþһЩ
Ҳģ㡭ô
װ˳ʵ
ƺСѾͷƺԼƺء
ҹȴشһ䣬Ծɼƽʵһ仰СѾͷ˵ΪֻŮˣαҪôĲأ
̶̵һ仰ƺѾ㹻
װԣٶһǻҪ˵ʲôȴ־Լ˵ʲôûáûˡ
磬ŮȷʵôĲƽ޿ɣ޷ϡҹ̧ͷŹװˣ峺ǣȻǵ־ܾ춯صĵزܸıô
װ˽һ𣬶ʱĬ
Ϊôߣ㿰ףЩŮ˵ƽ𣿡ҹʵ
װ˵һε߰ͷЩȻЩɬɬ˵ûС
ҹºЩ˵˵ЩҶûУߣô
װȻΣŵǡҲֻΪƴһΣ㹻ղţҲǱġô㻹û
ȴֵҹ³Ĭˡ
һСϵȴԶ׼Сӵ½߬סҶЦ֡
СѾͷҶЦоЩ΢ʹо
뷨ףҲϿɣǰΪʦкôѧ˾춯صľ񹦣ôʲôˣ㶼ܴǣɱǣƿǡֻ㹻ʵػǵҸػҪӡ
װǲŮ޹أǡҪȥһЩʲôҪںʲôôЩͲܱߡλҲ飬һС
ӵеһУǽ㹻ʵ֮ϵô
ûʵҲʲôסȻһʱӵУһ̻߾ͻʧȥϦ
ͨչӣ׷ǽǮƸǮƸǵʵЩǲܹøã֡
Щ˵˲ҪΪǮƸĵʱ򣬻˵ϰǮ˵֮ǾҪ׷һЩĶñƳ֮ϵȨƣȵȵȵȣ׷ЩҲҪһʵ
ֻҪʵʲôУûʵҪͨͨӣҲδعȥʱΪһЩʵǿ˶һ
һָֻ֣ҶЦһ򵥵ӣСû㹻ʵǵȢŮʵ̫̫ɫģĵˣԼ˺⣬ģɫ㣻Ļĺɫʵ˿㣬Ҫջ㣬ȴûбס֮κΣ
ʵ
ͨκһλ棬һйģ֣ʵ
ĸûʵӶɷûʵȢƯűסûʵŸױɱ߲Ҳֻܸɵ޲ߣ
ֻҪʵһоУͶᷢҲܷȥסԼеһС
ǿʵһУ
װ˳ص˵ܸģǣʵޱǿʵ
ֻҪΪʦͿӵޱǿʵ
㲻ΪʦյĻԵѧһͨ쳹صĹôպҲһһظղŷ飡ˣ㱻ҾˣҲһΣͻֻһ
ʵˡ
װ˳ҹ£ѾͷҲǿ㣬úõɣȥδӣҵ𸴣
ҹԾɳĬСȴԳԥ֮ɫȻװ˵Ļˣ
ϸ״˼ԶϽҹսղԵ޹ʱɱЩڷղҶЦԡѪһϢӣͻȻ
ǰޱǿʵ׵ָϽ̩񰲣о춯صʵξʲôɱټʵЦЦң߻ɷЦЦ
ʵȻĪ֮ջ󣬱СѾͷȲ£ֽСҲ޷ܣ
װ˵ȴԽȻѾСѾͷĶҡԾʤȯգ
ȻʱҶЦ˵ˣҹ£λǰ˵ίʵеһȴ޿κΣǾǡϣÿ˶ʵ
װ֮ܣν֪ʶ̫ǳҸ㣬ϣܹȥˣÿ˶ӵԼʵʲôʵʲôεʵֻһ죬Թ͵ı£Ҳʵ
ҶЦĬһ£ǰ۵澫٣ȷȻǲĸϣֻҪܹȥˣԼһʵ
ҶЦͻȻоⷬԼҰٶһ㡣
룬νʵ֪һ㡣
Ǿ顢Ĳô
ҹ³ѾţתҶЦ
ҶЦһ̾ȴ֪СѾͷȻĶ㲻Լʵϣ¾ǷԼϣԼҲδؾܵϣԳĬƬ̣תװˣǰ⣬ҵ֪мĪȴҲ֪ʲôˣʲôطǰΪʦôҪжòſԹ鷵ֻǣԺҪпҵõ
װһ㶣ĿҶЦƬ̣ģһ˵Сµǳԭ֮϶ϲ걲͸¶ҵ֣λ䣻λ䣻εΣĻ䱾˵䡣
ڵĵطǺ쳾죬һԶĴ硣
ĿҶЦҲˣԸȫȴҲԸʹ˷ٻѹԼϣдģίʵܣԣҲ㣻һȥǽĻᣬΪã΢΢
ڣһһδлܹһ˵쳾졯֡ҵ
ҶЦ۾ҽһж˵ˣ㻹޳𣿡
ҶЦԻͷһ޳ɣ
żᶨ֪֪һ֪лԵУһôѵõĻᡣ
ҶЦ˵֮УͬŮֻСѾͷһˣᡣ
ҲλԵҶĺΰ
ʵϣ޳УѾҪ׼ֻǣȴţһҲˡ
װЩĿ࿴ĿҶЦ΢ЦƾСܹ˵硯仰˵СӺܲ򵥰Ҳһա


196 ᷢ
ҶЦЦˣԣ޾ԣһҵ
Ҳɡװ˲ÿɷ˵
ҡҹ±죬ͻȻޣ֪˵ĶǶԵģе᲻㣬Ҳ᲻õһҪȥô
ÿһ̶Ҫٵʧѡеñʧ֮ȻҶЦĵ䣬֮УʵίʵȫԺĴɱץкܶࡣһγֵǷƸ¥һȴֲ֪ʲô֮֯ϴսЩңȻŹֶΡ
ҶЦ˵ίʵȫ仰ʱвһǿҵĳС
繬װ˵ʵ
ʵȻܱס뱣ĶûʵԼŶס
ҶЦ߬ȭͷʵʵ
ɽɡ
װ˺ƽ˵Ҫͽܣܵø˵һġ
ҹߵġšһһ·ϣʼҶЦ֣Ҳûзſ
һ·ȥ˻ҶЦҲһ˽ȥ
֪ǰλӺݻ绪ŮˣȻҪԼŮͽܣҲ־ϲȴǲᡣ
ӿһжϣǰ֮˾һλˣǣˡ
Ůܹһλʦ϶ǰԶ
õһʦһȴҪӴ뿪Լߣһһ֪ܲټеʹ벻ᣬݣ
ǱϾܺǻһӣ÷ֵʱҪֵġ˰ᣬڻʹ¾ģӽ㣬ҷġ
װλͷǾͺá
ֻǣһø˵˵׾лԼ÷С޲¡룬㲻飬ҲҪ֮ǰΪǶ¡ҲҺ׵һ׮Ը
װλüͷ壬ȷҪô
ǵġܼĵͷ
λ̾˿ͷû˵
ֻҪСѾͷԼȥ˴磬ôҶЦմһҲûټҹµĻˡ
ڵνסһʽ
סܰҶЦ֮⣬ҲƽСѾͷá
˵һõ顣
Ҫ֪޼ӣϲ֪ꣻΪϼˣҪһĸ߶ȣûиʮأ޿ܣһչرոһ궼ǵµģЩ֮ٷĻίʵ֮ˡ
ö࣬һչعȥҶЦֻض֪ˣңҪȥ
λһˣҲûд֦Ͽסʽ
סʽеؼʱչ
ҹһ£һֽϵı飬ԼͷһƣҶЦͷҲһƣͷشһᣬС죬֣ص˵ЦЦһҪסңҪӡ
ҶЦؿǰķᣬһʱ侹֪ԼﵽǸʲôζ
ΪˣȴҲӲйζһʱ䣬֪˵Щʲô
һ̣һƻͷ̼仯˻ҽ
ҽȵ֮У˾Ʊһ
Ӵ˺ң㣻Ҳֿ
Ɑ֮СѾͷƺǶ˶ЦЦҪסŶ
ҶЦʶص˵ͷȻоһǰδеĳθӿͷСѾͷϣĿ⣬ֻогġ
棬Ҳֻλ֪Ժټҹ»жôѣ
ҹҪȥĵط򣬶Ǹߴڵλ棡
Ҫ߳һҲֹһĴ硣
ҹ±ȥOO@@ĴӲһǿأԻ£ҪҶЦ֣ԼԽ֮ҶЦϣȻҶЦ½档˺ճյעҶЦԺ㡭
ҶЦס
СѾͷԼ壬νشôԼҪʲô
ҶЦ޾ռ䣬Ҳûҵʺ͸СѾͷĶܹΪСѾͷʦǰҲӵĶ
ҶЦֱӽǿŵͳȥ
ȻôֻѣȻռǿŵȻֱӡݡһȻֻһŵȻһ־ʧָо
ǸоܸЦǺʵڣ
ҶЦЦһ䣺ͳȥŸʲô
ǿŵòҶЦ˵£˻ΣȵĴϡ
ֻǣһâȻռڵ쾧ͻȻһС飬ж쵰СƮҶЦǰ
ҶЦ״Ŀ࣬ʶѿʵѲ飬㶼ܸоģ㡭
ǿŵòɢһְǡ
ҶЦȵ㲻һŵôľô棿
ǿŵӦ˻Σһ׵ȻĹĵشϣһҲˡ
Ȼ
զͲˣȻСңҲˣ
Ҳûɶ㡣ҶЦҹ˵һʯͷȥɣ롣
˵ţӻȡһ쵰СӨɫ쾧裬˹ȥ
쾧һóƬռȻһƬ䷶Χ֮ڵƺһ̶
װλ䱾ǲΪһߣҶЦó쾧ʱͻȻ͵վһҶЦǰ쾧裿ģ
ҹµ˶ķӦһ
ҶЦ޹˵˵һαҰ¶͸ҵıꡭһܹɢʯͷȻϡʯֵǮ
ɢʯͷֵǮλ˹ȥ
ôһ쾧ԼǸطҲǼֵǵĺͳȻʯͷλ治֪ÿ޻ǸЦˡ
ֵǮҲݳһ㣡
Ǯºô
ôһ裬عƣֵͼλʮ˸ҲǲΪģ
ΪؼĻڡ
šԣⶫͷˣ֪СѾͷֵİ顮ʯͷλ۾ϬĿҶЦղŷûУô¡
ҪǸСѾͷһ˲ŲءҶЦ˺ߣһöָ
Ŷԭˡλһĵ⣬ռȸʶ֮ﶼء
תͷ֣صĶҹ˵Ѿͷ顭ʯͷǵҪúñ棻˵㡭һٳһؿڡǸؿڣǱҪֶġھ͵õˣȻǡҵͽܡ
Ҫ˵һЩʲô縣Եʲôġ
ߣȴ˻ȥ
Щ֮ˣ˵̫Ҳûɶ˼
СѾͷ˷ۣСر쾧裬ĵõҲãЦЦ͸ҵģЦЦߣֻˣЦЦء
ѱϡ
λνƼʱҪҹ·


197 Ͻޱ䣬շ˪
Ҫ£ǾҪҹȥϽһۣ˵һ
ɷǳŮҪԶУⱲӻһܼܲţѵ˵һ
λ˼ʿ۰СѾͷ˹ͷԼ²ĵκν٣ҪҲϿˣһ˶ԣԶϽҲʮµʱ䣬λ˶ԣȴֻգգ۵飬ա
ǰСѾͷҶЦ֣涣ЦЦһһҰһһҪҰ
ҶЦοģҿ϶ȥ㡣أΪηҪȥ㣿ֻҪÿЩһЩ񹦣Ǳܻңʱ㱣ңһģ
СѾͷĿһԣԣ
а¾ģһҪŬЦЦڵĴ̫ΣˣҪгɣ
СѾͷһᣬһҶЦֲţһֻ֣ĸ׵֣ҲǲԸɿһһ飬ƺ˵Ļȥ
λڷˣץСѾͷļһ
ҹµֶֻʱɿ˵֡
漴ͻȻƮƮض
ЦЦף
ҹڿз¡
ģأһУ㶼ĺˣҶЦ׷ȥе
ҹᣬͷĿҶЦƺҪҶЦòεĿԼ
һ̣λһͻȻһĿռѷ졣
ǣλһ仰ͻȻôڿʧ
ֻ֮
õҶЦϣ̵ģҹµᡣ
ҶЦ죬һ̾Ϣ
ҹʱ뿪ľǻ
ȴҲļͬһʱ䣬͵ϽӪ
λЯҹ£ӳǳǵ֮Ͻ̾ͺƿԼţԼҵͥԺһ
䣬ͺôľһ㡣
ʵϣ˵߾룬ҲôԶ
λ仮ǵռ϶ʵ͵ͬһŻŻһߣϽ
λҹ£ֱӴԽռ䣡
־׼Ĳٿأֱ̾Ϊֹ
飬ҶЦλЦĵԪǿߣҲֻǰ붮ΪѾ漰ԼռܣʵǵǼδδţ
ȻҲֻ𺳵ҶЦһ˶ѡ
ȻҲڳ֪ηֻ֪һֺܸȴһֵĸ߶ʵ̫ˣߵöûˣ
ҶЦ֪һֵĸ߶ȣȻ𺳵ûˣ
ֻһ˴Խռ䣬Ԫ֮ˣںķѴԪ£ҲδЯһˣһûʲôʵˣɡʩʩȻĴԽռ䣬ңҪ׼ĳ̶ȣѶȣɾͲһˮ׼ˣ
𿴴Խռ䣬ʱݣҪռϮһֻȻҪһЩǶһˣһһʵƽƽ֮ˣҪĵܣҪʮġ
ҶЦ׸аܲҲ
һ֪̫࣬ŻԼʵ֪治࣡
֪Ǹ
ҶЦ𺳣һط𺳳̶ȻһЩ
ǸطϽϽ֮Ի𺳣ΪϽǱͻȻһ¡
һƱɫزҵĴ¼
󣬴ʱϽһ֮ΪȵʱǻľӣƵ˷ʱ˶óһս˫Ƕȫ
һȻսڶԷƵı֮£ȴԽԽŲķڷչ
ʱͻȻƱգХ֮䣬ػ谵ֲָ
ٹƬ̣ʾȻƮƮĿʼѩ
ĩļʱ֣Ȼշ˪
ѩңѩԽԽԽԽܼѾѩһһ㡣
վţҲԲῴԷ
¶ڼ̵ʱ½൱͵ĳ̶ȣԽԽ䣻չͨʿһֻϵᱻ˵ĵز
£۵˫Ҳ޷սԸȫس
һѩϺڸӵ𺦳̶ȶһģҲ˵϶˭һЩ
Ϊּڴ̣ս˫ȫû׼˭õһ֮ȵʱȻôһշ˪
ⳡͻĿẮʿͬʱ䣬
쵰
ˡ
Բ´ѩӻʮ껹ͷһ⡣
ʮһҲͼһأ
ʲôţƣϹҲʮꡭ
ѵǴ˵е·˪˼Īԩ
ƨĪԩЩܳϹϵô
˻ɶˣϽȥȥ
ǰ˸ôڻûŪɶˡ
ô죬ﶳס˰ɣϲɺأڿӲһˡ


һһҹѩ֮󣬵ȵڿԿõʱ˶Ŀɿڴ
ܲĿɿڴΪǰ״벻󣬶ò󲻳
ս֣ɱԣ۹ѾĻþֶΣŽս̶һƬƽ̹ƽԭϡ
ȻмСɽС꣬СʲôģȴӰֳ֡棬ڳʵ۹һޱȵĲ
Ҳû취Ϊʱ򲿶ѾƵˣ˽۹ˡܾնأֻƴսȻ֪Կȴ޿κΡ
һѩ֮󡭡ڻǰȻƾնһذ
һͨĹذذ඼ǳɽ룬ƶˣҲֻвʮɵĵ·ͬһһɽпһ롣
ֹڴˣȻǺţ˼ȻӲ˼ǣɽм䣬ȻһǱ
ĴռǱϲֵķ֣ǱȻȫʹ͵ģ
̵üֱټ̡
ԵǰսΧۣͻȻһǿ˷˼̶ȵıݣֻҪذƣҪ̫˰أֻҪ˾ܹס˾߽
˱ס߽˵ǳ˵Σ͵ǰ⻷ȴǾɽɰ뻷･ǽʵ۹ϽͬʱסҪܲ͸磬
漣е漣硰񼣡һı仯۹ıһβĿɿڴĿࡢƿأ
ģ֮ǰ㾡˱ȫ㳲ҹزǸɶնһ˿ƣ̬
Ҫʤ׷ʱһѩһϺǿֹս֡
ֻ쳣ĴѩϺҲͰˣն֮ڡ
ɵǡƾͻȻɽһذ˼
⻹ò˻ˣ
ѵҲڰųʵ۹
ĳ֣˵ǡ񼣡ʲôģб˵ô
һʱ䣬ɽϣ
ʵ̫ˡ


198 Ů
飬ƹȥܼսҪƹɽȥ̡Ƹ·ɣֻҪƵ
Ҫֱӹ򣬶ԷֻҪиǧ˷أظ
ʲôһ򵱹أĪⲻˣ
ǴɱԷ˧ġҲܹȥذаɣ
ġ񼣡ذһйֶβԷʽͳͳûˣ
ڷɽͷǾ͸ӺˡߵĿ˵һ룬ͱˡ
XXXXX
оӪУ־
һʱԹ졣
ôʲô£˵ôһλнǰʵһһͷüʮѪ˹ȥ

˵ϵ󽫾ű߳ȥ״ͬĿɿڴһ°ͶѾˡò׽Լ°ȥͰ͵˵⡭զأ
ԱױҲһͣĵ֪ô£
Ȼӻش⡣
һҹȥˣͱˣ
콵ɽ
ֻ˵үڰǣ
⡭ôƾյɽ󽫾ſڽĿǰɽ˵ǵôɽӦûǿҵɣͰɽĿļʮһҲˡôȫ޶Ϣأ
ǻ᲻õİɣ󣿡һױ󵨲²⡣
󽫾űϿһɽ£ȥдʣӦǼٵİɣٵģٵġһǼٵġԲۣȻġ
ױ֮¾һӵĺߡ
ֻ󽫾֮£ʱֽףģү۸ˣ⡭ôһ£֪ɽô˿Ϸ죬һ˾;;;ܵסǧﻹõն˰˰˵ˡˣ
ױͷ֮࣬ת
⵹Ǵʵ֪鷢󽫾ֻҪǧܽϤڹ⣬ǰʵǴˣֱ죡
ǡβ֪
οҶ֪ǡնɽҲǾԲ
˼һһùŮõǰȫ񼣡һдմ˹ŮĹˡ
޹ֺ󽫾֪֮󣬲޸̾Ľ˵һ䣺ǸŮۡ
ʵԭԴͷʵΪһˣ仰
ҵһ̴úÿడҹ¿սӯӯ
¶Ϊʦ˵æﲻ㣬ԸԱݲ˼սֻҪһ֣Ԫǣ֮£Ƭ½ͻݣĵͼλ棬ܹȵļ֮λü
ҵһĺգһ𣬻߾ôܷľʹ뿪ءСѾͷ
ΪʦΪţӦʩλ̾
ҲʦִսҾ룬ҪǱиذͺˣôһƽģտأֻӲƴʵ̫ˡСѾͷϣλ䡣
ŶȴǺðģͽȻϻۣ治ҿеͽܣ˵ãλԼʱ佱СѾͷϻۣԼ۹á
ǺɽڵϦƾն䡣
һذһĳˡ
ɴ˿ɼŮίʵǱǿ
󽫾˸ӣͷ֮⣬ɶôûС
˼ն˸ŮⲻɶҲˡ
ҪĻڣ˼ŮްһޣʲôˡҺݺݵ²ۣǰϱɩǰһҾ죬пֱӾ͵˹ȥˢº󣬲ۣӶˡ

ŮŮ°ݵʦһᣬȴҲĵο
ȽڸŮ˵ƺƾµɽڻС
һװվŮǰĿһ˿Ө˳ӣ̾˿Ҫ˵ʲôȴͻȻʲô˵ˡ
ֻǾĿš
֮˵벻նҲˡããã¶ĵʦȥúõѧ¡һУ㶼ģ죬ڣ
ҹʲԣᣬԼףסĽУ
նۿʱЩˣҧҧ߰ɣҪȶŮ̬֮
ߵλǰʦСŮҷģôʹ򣬸Ӵ֮ӣ˵ˡ
λĿ΢Ц˧ˣӦְ𡣡
նͷˣ
˵꣬ͻȻһ˶һ
λ侹Ȼ̲סĿһ
һۿˣ֪һĲǣڣΪŮԼԾߵڣ
ҹѿ޳ˡ
ӵԼŮ̾һŮУԵοֻδ̫ҲԲҶֵܣԲһֽԼ
λ˵֮ǰѾף
նЦҡͷ֪αطҪ˵ơ
λ͵Ŀһۡ
ҹµףȻ֮һ㷲֮

ǡ
ҶЦصҶʱѾƵʱ֡
ҶЦܲһдء
Ϲŵǿ壬ȻǧҲơ
ԺУصķȥܶʼѭ
һһ绪İŮӣޱԹгݵ˵ҶЦҺ㣡
һҹ룬ĿЦЦһҵģǲǣһȢΪ޵ģǲǣ
һǰŮӱԼܾȻȥڵϵᡣ
һȴҹ·죬ȴӿеᡣ
һҹԼӵԼǰ棬һСѾͷ˫쿪һ𣡽죬Ҫӣ
˿̵ҶЦӶϻ棬飬ơ
ǿҵΣᣬìܣ˷崲Ϣ
ֲܱԼں˵ĳУҲͬʱвסڡ
ҶЦͻȻеԼȾơ
ص
ֱȥξķ䡣
壬үȵ㣿ҶЦſڣЩ
ξԾһԴϴɶ¼֮ҶЦԡơⲻ˵ǱЫҲ࣬ô죬ҶЦħˣ۸˭һᵽơ֣ΪǷţԡơҶĽɴʣ
Ǵ˿̣ɴػᱻҶЦἰǵһأξؿֶòЩήҲƺʲôشӣΪξ˼˵ЦЦҪȵ㣬ȵ㡣
˿ҶЦֻҪȾξȴһõľѣ˴˿νһļϡ
ܿһӵ¾Ʋˣֶ
ξǺһЦЦЦһβϴ־˰ɣ


199 Ҳ
ҶЦƵĵһΣľƣ´ֶþƻ㡣
ãô˵ˣξ˸߲ҡ
ȾƲ£ºҩƣǶҲ£º׳ơ
̳ӣÿ˸Եһ룻ξһ룺ˣ
һڣףȻǾƹɫһڸɵ
ҶЦ˳ĽǱһ뻹û¶ǣɶ¶ûеξѾ룬񫡣
ҶЦ״һЦȴֻ̾˿ĬһζȾơԽԽ鷳ƣǾٱ
ξҶЦһֱĬڷ˾룬ѾȺ룬ȴξ̰ˣʵҶЦѵ÷˹ΪŽ⣬ξ֪Ȱ˷Ǽ͹룬ֶһ貣ԼСˣ޷ҶЦ֪˼ֻشԵʣſʵЦЦǲʲô£
ҶЦĬһ£ڻӦǣô£벻
ξڳһ˵˵˵˵ôҲ˼ʮ꣬ʶܱˣ飬Ҳˡ
ҶЦķ˷ۣҶ˼ʮꣿ
ǡû˵ˡ
Լǰӽⷽ滹ȷǰֽһţСһξô˵ƺҲûʲôԡ
壬˵˵ĸǲǺ֣ҶЦƵ˵
ξͷɫ΢ףſڷܵǰɲǺô
ҶЦһھƣֵһ⡣
ξ˵ءںȾơ
ҶЦ˵壬˵Ůͬʱϲ㡭
ǾԲܵΣξҡͷ˹ģضҶЦʻҪ˵ŮˣһҲľеġô򡣡
ҶЦȻûҵʻô˵Ǽ硣
¾ûм磡ξնòưԵޱȡ
ҶЦ״Ϊ֮ᣬٶȼؿסξ֣ε˵ңǣ˵٣磡
ξǺЦ۾ҶЦúãˡ˵˵
磬˵磬Ůһϲ㣬Ů˶üĿ续ˣ绪ɫ㣬һлԼһĿǷ
ҶЦ˵Ҫģ˶㶼ء
ãӦòǸпǷģһҲòܹһ顭ҶЦξ˵㣬ô죿
ô죿谡ξٺһЦ
ҶЦȾơ
˵ˡ
ȻǻͶĿ
£ﻹҪ᣿ξǾò»ð죿ɴһȢˣǺܺãأһ
˵˵ţһ㣬ʵ˵ǲͬʱСӣǲǣҲ²£һ϶ҹ£һǡһ˭أС֮ǰΪ治զأҹѾͷ˶أһզ֪أ
ҶЦüЦ
ͻȻ֣Լξ¶һĴ
ΪһͲʲôǸ顣
ԼֽһšԼ뻹йϲȴǴСһϲĹﶼûС
ԼòƾûκεĽˣ
һߵξȴ˿أ²˵һ˭˭˭Сǰ¥̸δðɣСӶпǷѲǡɻˣֻǻĺӣѵǡ
ҶЦ̾һзһУһͷϡ
ʱδȴ˼
զͻأզһǻ˯أ
ξ૵Сʲô˵ҪҺȶپƣ飬ҺĺĶЦ뷽跨ѾԽĿ㣬ػû˵ȵˡǵġ
أԼƸɣá
ҶЦһξһϴƣ֮ѿ֪
صԼ䣬ԽԽãȻǸװλЩ˵ĺܾǣһЩȴҲǺе
ʵ
λ˵ҹ±λͽܣôԺҹ²Ϊ۽磬ǵλȫǸ߸ϣֻ»ԶԶԼĿǰ֪ļޡ
ԼǲŬλ䵱˵Ǿ䡮䲻ϡпܡ
ڣǿԼߵģ
СѾͷԼǶôమ˴翪Ұ֮󣬽ᷢ½ǶôС
ʱľȻȻط仯
СѾͷĲ䣬ֻҪʱԼƽӹģͻӦλǾ仰һûʵˣϱסġҲס
ȻСѾͷʱ᲻ҶЦľεȷḻȻŮ֮ǳ֮еĳ磬ǳʵΪǰ;飬ȴǶۻ
ۼʱΪʲôĿģҶҪģģǿ
ҶЦжԼ˵£Լ֮Ϊ裬ڱȴ˳¡ȻԣҪȻԶҲҪٷҵϡ
ҶЦУɫ⡣
֮ǰȷҵĿҲˡڳ˳֮󣬾Ҳ֪ǰ·ںηνǰУһջò档
֪ˡˡˣ
ҶЦ˵ҵĿǡ嵽ǸȥǸ磬ǿǸˣ
ҽĿǡҲҪˣסҲκǰ˵㲻䣡
ҵĿ꣡
漴ڴϣȫȫȫȫ񹦡
ǰûκһ̣ҶЦоԼĿôԣô
˼˵ĳ˶
еĲʣ裬ȫȥԼ淢͡
⽫·;ϵ϶
ҶЦ֪УΪе֮£ľһǰδе״̬
ȻҪٵĶ࣬ǰ
ģǴʹжϵĵһҪأ
ԹжԷ費̳һڣɲƼͷ
⼸仰ĺȻи
ֻǣ˿̵ҶЦѾ֮С
ռУһţ
һ
յɫһ֮ͻȻ
֮һ뵵ؼէ֣޵Уۣţһ޵ķʽλ۽ҶҴԺ

Ͻҹ뿪½λԭѾʣҪգȡȥȴͻȻüͷңңųǳǵķһƬɲ
˹飬ȴ²λܵϣ
ΪܹоǸϣһǿûб߼ʵڻۡʱʱ֣ޡ
ǿ󣡡
ȷϣǿ̶ȣǶԼ൱̶ȵв
λüת֮ʣҪȥ
ӸһʱʶԼֻǣһСѾͷתͷһֻСѾͷ޵ú׵ɻֵ
һҹµبδУʱлȡ


200 ׹ӵľ
ߣΣϣ˭ܱȵҵͽҪ֮Ƚҹ´ȥ׾裬̥ǣȫǣΪҪ
һ죬ЧпܲôáϾСѾͷѾСˡ
ǹȻ޾˿̲δҪвԼûµۻһЦ
ôһ룬λʱ˻ȥͷСѾͷ֣ߣ
һǰͻȻһһ漴½ռȫʧҹֻоԼǰһտտǺӡ
ʦλԼϣÿһǲһǳǰС
λƮƮҹǰӶȥռ䣬ǵ󽥴οգӰֱ⡭
ת˲֮䣬Ѿǲ֪߹ٿռ䣬پ롣
½ǰվĻ¡Ѿ֮⣡
߸ԶԶ

½ķս֣Ϣ֮ʷ˸Եת䡣
һУǳǵȴȻ֪
ҶȻڹȥ·ϣߣûе֮һгգ˶Ϊھǡ
棬սԾá
ȻϽȴѾ׵ȶ֮൱֮УٳΪ
ǳǷ棬ȴһǰı֮УΪ鱦÷ȥĳϢѾԽԽ̫࣬ˡ
̫ˣ
ĸ֣Ѿʮ궼û˼¶ʿˣҲ׷ڳǳ¶μ
ɵģڳǳҲ𽥵
ɣɣѲµɣԱפ
ĺ½˴壬һڳǳ뼯
ʱŮӣְɴȻţ˳ǳǡ

С
׹üͷһİ˼⡣
ô£
ˣȫʧ
ǰһˣ˵ʧܡ
ôʧģ
֪

ֻ˵һս˿ˣսңȴҷռƣȻҹµһʵԭ㣬δһãȴγ˼ܵĺΧ֮ƣȻؼʱ̣ۿҹºͽڷĵڣȴͻȻһʧˡ
ҹҲһʧˣ׹ü
ǵġ
ˣʬ
ǵġ˶ˣû⡣
׹Բһüͷ
ôȫûͷ飬ֶһ
ǰرʧ֮£Ѿûͷˡ
û뵽ǰ¾Ȼӹܣ
Ĭһ£ӻú£ȻԼƶΣ˴ǰ૵ѲɡĸԳ֣
ųͼӦȴ֣ϣѾûԼĸ׵Ϣ
ĸѾˡôӦòˡ׹ӿ˼ǡô£˭ܹͶһٶһʧϣʲôҪģҲеԪ߽ϵʵɣ
ѵǡ׹һĹâѵǡĴ½ʵָ˶壬һˣ
ȬͻƣȴôóȻԣ
׹˰죬벻ͨ͸ʱһֻСɷӥˢһɽ֡
צϣһССͲ
Ͳ򿪣ǽصشϢ
һشϢڰ׹˵ǲ뿴ġ
ϽĪ´ɽϽ֮·޲ߣ޹ݿܡ
׹ӿϢһȷʲôͻȻ̾˿૵ĸ󡭡һΣɣΪλҪƻӵĴأǱҲϴ֮תô
ڲ˳
ϣܹЧģԼĸ󣬾Բеڶˡȫ״̬ܹһ˲Ūûٶˣɽ֮ܣȴûеģ
˹ܣҲԼĸ״ܹ쵽
оǣԼĸҲѾ뿪ˣǵ콵ذɶҡˡ
飬׹ֻпЦܡ
ⲻ֪λЩʱĵĲ֪Լڰƶ
ɱЩˣҲ֪ʵԼӵ¡
¡ȻӲ֪ˡΪѾͽܣ뿪˺½
Ȼ֪Ҳ⣬ɱ˼ֻϣΪͽһȺϣ֮ͣգ
Լӡ͵㲻ĳͷҲν
׹űż㣬˵֪ͨٻ
ٻƶ֮Ϣ߲Ÿոմ
һȴһϢոʹϢȴð׹ɫ䣡
°ҹʧܣɱȫ𣬻콵ɽϽսִʧأûð׹̫ʧ̬εϢȴһƵİ׹ӣ״ʧ̬
ڳʳ̽رǰһظ֣ջ֮ŮҹΪͽĿǰֻ֪ظһŮˣΪĪ⣬Ӻݻ˲ӣ֪಻֪ȥĿǰͬҹ£һʧ١
ϤһϢð׹ӷҡ
Ϊ֪һ£ǾԭĲԣҪıˣһǴȵ޶
Ҳԭȫ̼ƻҪȫƵҲ˵
ɺܼ򵥣Ϊҹµʦ
˻߲֪˽ҹΪͽ˭׹ô֪ܲһһԼĸס
ĸҹµͽܣôԼҹ¾İ˱˺׽ʦùϵ
Լ֪ˣҪʦһʲô֡
ô
׹ӿЦҪ˵ˣԼֻ¶ĲҡĸѰ崫ˣѾѰ¡ѰٵˣɻὫ֮ĸαһĻšóȻȥǣɾȡա
ڵȴǣ˼ѳɣλѾ˳ʵ۹һٸģǿиģҪٶһӵʱ䡣
һӵĹӰ˳֮ٶ׻εȵһӣ
׹ӿǰͼЦ
ĸĸһһȥǸҳһĪⰡ
ü΢ЦţȴѾؼ
ΪȻնѲǾͲһɽͻ٣ϽһѾඨ֣Ծٶһ˳ˮǸδСʦãͷϽʴһ·ֻҪ跨նĴ޷ءԮ棬սǲ䡣
ʱϽսܹɽҪ޿صıˡ
ôĵ۹ֻҪˣնԾɻţʼǸı䲻˽ֵģֻĳʻҳԱ

ţҵʲô˼˵ĻңԶ׼ĵôòͨ͸Ȼ³ͻȻⲢǳնϣǳԼϡ
̬ԡ
ҵˡ


201 ң
׹ȻҡҷŵüͷչԸʲô飬ҪҡҪɢɢġһ
ԽȱңǧһʱԽҪɣҾҪԼŸ١׹¶һ˿ѵЦ⣺ǽѹҼϣҲ뿸ʱ˭κң
뵽ͻȻһЦѰڣ

һҹҶЦξˣҲ
С
ɫ
һֱҶЦ°ҹȥʱ򣬾Ҳûʲô仯ʵϡ״̬ǳһҹ
ֹˣһ֮ǣһҹǱˣչ֮඼֣ᷢԼΪҪࡣ
һҹĽȣٿԱȵƽʮޣ
ȹȴֻǴڸ˭Ҳû˵
Ͼ£ΪԼһ˵ĸԵñҲ֪ƽĽʺޣ
һҹǻһ¡
Ǿǡ̫ӸܹһңˣͬӣͻȻž
һ
ȫŵʬذڷԺ
Եÿֻ֮ƺǰ˼š
ϣ˺ۣ࣬Ѿһһ顣
Ȼڱʲô
ֻǣʲôԼ󵽵ױʳûУһ֮ա
ֱڶʱѶŴ
ֻǶ˵Ҳ޷Ǿ̾ϢһֻֻЩ˷㵻棺ȥһ
϶ǵʲôõˣôôң
Ȼ̫ӸԴµ̬ȴǾԲһġ
̫Ϣ֮˶ɫһŵֽ
⡭û֪⵽˭ɵģ
û֪̿꣬Ҫ֪ʲô
⣬̫ʳʱͷ󺹣͸¡
Ϊ֪ĳһ˵εأ
⣬ûκܹش
ֻһܹش𣬾Ѷɱˣ
ֻǣȴ־Բش̫ӵ¾ˣ
һ֪̫ԹۣǶԷʳʲôΣȲ˵ԷǲҶɣ㵱ҶΡҪǣҶô߸˵Ҳֻǳʵ۹ĳӣ㣬ȴǸ߸ϵķʵ۹ļ̳ˣ̫ӵ£ʵǲףںʲô
̫ӵܻ˵˼ңʲô˵ĵ򵥣ʵ˵ôĪ˵ֽ۹ֵƮҡ֮ʣҶһ֪Ҷӵеʵʵ֮νȨԣȫ壬Զ׼Ȼô
žһˤһӣŭһ˵ֻһ̫ӣֻǣô
̫˵ʱᱻϵ̫ӡ
ž
̫һǶ˦̫ϣ˵澣˵һΣ
̫ʱƫһߣôƫͷת۾΢΢ң
̫˵ôһܴˣ
̫ͷܣ
ͻȻ˷һץס̫ͷŸɴཫ̫˰˵ϣһǶͺݺݵĳȥҼ޸㣬Ϊȹһ֮֮ϵǸλڣңҴң
˵գȻǺݺݵһơ
ûĽϼ壬ûңΪһͨӣռһγͷ֮⣬ҪֶûֶΣҪĻûĻƾʲôܹ̫ӵλӣң
̫ӵΪԶԶص̫˼ʱסȴѣͨ죬أԶֻ౩ףſң
һıƣûʳްͨ鱻ץʺ󱻷ϣǼ׵Ļ֮СһĶ̫ӴλЩ飬һĽϼڱ߻ң
̫һ̫ϣϣȻֳζ
ҸΪ˸㣬Ȩ֮䣬䲻֪˶˶ģˣ㾹ȻΪ𶼲ϣң
̫ϲͣҲͣԽԽ죬ԽԽݣһʱܼꡣ
žžžžž
Դ˳һֱ̫⣬̫ûΥʲô컹ǵһζ̫Ӷ֣Ȼޱȼҡ
ǰ󲻹Ƭ̹⾰̫үѾףʹ
⼸̫Ӷλλ磬ȷҲ˼λ֮Ҳܹϰϲŭɫ
˿˱֮£ʲôλ߷ȣʲôǸѲ֪ȥ
ֻһ˿ŹĿ档
ٹһյĹ⾰̫ڴùˣ׵ĳţվһ߰˵̫үҪΪǰǸ߸ϵ̫үеĺڰ棬šҪΪŮǿĶЩŮ˵ʵǺǿģǿ㷴ã֪ôô˽ô
ܹɾ㣬Ҳܹٵ㣡̫仰˵֮
̫ӴڴڵĴϢţҡҡλεվһŤͷޡһ³һڴѪĭ˿̫̿Ѿ˼־⣬૵ǳ⣬ҶЦ¶½ôǱҶ޷ȴȨĿֲǵ˴˷ǾǵϦѵǾûʲô
̫۶ԴôҶЦ¶ǵƻеһѵⲻǾͬģʱеļƻɺֹҶЦһһʮıֻΪܹڳվȽŸܴܵѹȥҶЦƷҶ죬ûʵ۵ıһҪȻһľǰеļƻƻһһʵ֣Ψһʧ󣬾Ҷ챾˶ڳʾƿʵ̫ߣߵԺȻǼƻ©ʱս֮
̫Ӵ˴ͻȻ˻еս֮㵹Ƶøɾȫ黹Ľϼһֲٰģǽһжˣþˣ˿öǺ˵öˣȴʱ־ߣһ޷ʰ̯Ӹ㣡ĽϼΪ
Ľϼ壬ֻǵһʲô׹ӵŮһŮȻŵһӴļͷڹ꣡ٺ١ٺ١˴壬˴壬һΪεţƣε˲ԭҲˡǿˣæȥǸԼ˱˼һٶ࣬ҲҪϥġĽϼ壬Ǻǿ
̫гɫŨ
ڴʱһͻأ𣺡ĽϼˣھǴû뿪̫ӵ£뿪


202 Ҫӿٶ
һݸ߸ӵˣӰûһ㣬س̫ǰĿע̫ӣ̫ӵ£ֻҪ̫ӵ£ģͲòˡĽϼ£ǱϥŰԵĶǵ£
ʵǣʳûгһ䣬ʷǰ˴壬ȴʼմڣǧԾǣ
ݸ߸Ϊ֮ĲФӵʵ̫ˣעҪңȻɫѾȥɨéˣ
˵̫꣬ѿҪת̫˵ߣǲҪֻܶ࣬Ҫյϻλ
ǣ塣̫ɫĴӦ
⣬һǳǣҪ뷭Ƹ¥ᣬҪһʢض飬⣬ǸʲôҶ󽫾ҵҶЦҲɱΪ籨𣡡
ݸ߸Į˵ɣͬ
л崹̫ӯӯ°ݡ

ҶЦ賿ʱƮȻ
Уһƿ
ƿУŵһЩ֭Һ
ҶЦֻһţѾȷϡ
⣬ǵԭҶЦȥףڤ֮
ңУҲȷʵ̫࣬Ӹ
ֻǣҲֻ֪֪֮ʲô
оǣָʹµģ̫ӱˣѾҶЦºþõĽǰף
ԴҶЦЩƣתת˰죬ԼͰǵù˴ϡͿͽ׸ˡ
һγ֣ͽҶЦоЩ˳
һϴҶ˼ɻʵ۵ӣ̫ӸǱûж֣һңͳ˵͵©֮㡣
ֻǴ˿ȴһȺֻ˵ǳͲ
ΪҶЦ⼸ʵڲ˳ҪһйͻȻ뵽ΪʲôҪǣҲá
йһϱȥ¶˳㣬ҲͽҶЦʼĩ˽ҶЦıƹֶ֮£ʲɵãܹʵӲӡòϵ»Ĳࡣ
ϧǳòɲ
Ϊ̫ӻңƫƫλ̫ڻɱá
ȻҶЦȥһ鱦á
ȻھῪʼӣжʮ죬ǲ̡
鱦νǽ䱸ɭϣǰ鱦ķ֮⣬ԳʻҡԼʾǲʵ֮ǿ֮ʻʳǶй֮
ķΧҶЦҪϢǱ룬ܲס
ңҶЦҲٹ죬ֻԼͲˣΪʱڶ೬½κҲ鱦ģ¹غ棬ȻǾԲʧġ
ԼĿǰʵҪԼ˫ݣȻǱ룬òЩĵġ
ھٶȽĲϣѾ׼ˡ
֮ǰЧǰٶĿֱȲھˣһղ˿̿ҶЦǰֱ
ôˣҶЦɢϡ
Ŀǰڻչһɹ֪أÿһμҶЦʵĿ״̬ҶЦԷ֮Ŀֵġĵ׶һԵľηо
һ֡ɽֹ߲ʡ΢о
Լ⵽ôһ¡
ţܺãӴȡҶЦ˵㽫Ŀǰȫ̿ˣɱֳһ˵ʱһ̸һɱ֮ؾʽ
ǲɱֽġ֮û˹ֶεɱ֮ʵ
ҶЦĿֳĹʣС
ҶЦܹоõԼ̬ȵı仯ԼǾһֺɵĳҶЦԼҲף뵽ǳǿֱҲȻ
ɱֽ֮һܷ֪ؾʲô֣
ҶЦһ쳾ϣ
ԼʱһȴֹסɫΪǺˣֻҲڶ£ȻҪǿѹԼ˿̵ķȴôҲѹס
һ쳾ϡ
ں½ľԶ˵֮С
˵Уһλɱ֣Ϊõⲿ֮Ķ̶ʱ䣬Ϊ½һɱ֣ʮ֮һʵͻƺ½ޣգȥ򾳵ء
һɱֵĺô˵
Ƭ½ʱûκˣɱ˵ġ
Ҳûκɱɲ˵ģ
֮Ȼνɱ֮ðȴûκһˣܹﵽ˵ĸ߶ȡ
½ϵɱ񻰣
ҪӿٶȣӴȣֲԼ鱨֯ɱ֯κ֯ҶЦ˵еḶ̌ҿ̫
̫ˣҶЦص˵
ǡһ鲻Խظо亹乣֮̿Ȼ
ҲҪӦУֻɹҶЦ׼õĸҩģվڽһҲȵῪʼ֮˵ץʱ䣬ҵҪ󡣡
ͬʱӦ
ҶЦٲϻȥ
ҶЦ뿪ã˵ϴôˣôͻȻôʲô̼ɣ
ײİһ䵭˵ϰԣǲҪ֪ΪʲôֻҪȥˣҲˣһǶԣҪ
ϳ鴤һ£еȷʵǲҪ
ȴʱ죡
ԴɱֵԼ쿴һĹײҪ׽һ飬Ҳ޴֣
ԼΨһĽҪǮʱ򣬵ǼֻǵԼһ֣һֻ˵ĸ֣ûǮˣ

ƺһУҪ
ҪѾûǮ˹£
Էôվţ罣һ㶢ԼϣಿλصѲ
ֻùԹǮ
ţǣһĺôǣ㲻ܸǮܹһ֮ڻþ⣡
ֺʣ
ĳһһϻʣ¼ӵĻôû˵ģټֵɱûΪǰѾǱˡǱðġ
Ļ֮£ɱҲһֲֽٶȼţ鱨֯Ҳ֩һ˳ȥ
ǰһֻôʱҪ˷ͳƵ˲ţѾļΣңĿǰٶȣҲ죬ߺ죬Ҫļһˡ
ȻϰеǮǮ£Ч
Ҳľۡ
ܲ˵ǡ
һ￴ԼڿһˣڿһĿֱ꣬Ӿǿһѷ⣡
Ըѹɱֻ֣»治У쵰һӣҲעֻһɱֵˡ


203 ̼
ȾƣĲŮˣһֵ飬ͳͳûаáͳͳĲҪÿһ쿴ʱ򣬾ֻǶԼĽڷʱضɢһϢ·һ˾ֻǿڽȤģϾȻ⣡
ԼĴƤŰۻط˯ȥ
š˵
תټһ𣺡㻹Ҫʲô
ûǮˡ䵭ĿĿⶢĺϣٶ˵ǾòѾΪ˵ǡ
һ֣صؾ㣡ݺݵ˵ҪǮһ㣬㲻ҪĿ⣬ҵʺ࡭ϵÿһҪ㣬㣡
֣һԲԾϰҪѲӡ
㣡ֱҪɱͳһƱˤϣ漴תȲĹȥԶʲôҪ
ʵһҲ˵ˣ
Ǹ
ȴûһ뿪鱦󣬶ǼȥԼСԺļλһɱ֣мֵɱӣڽ˰ʱ⼯ѵ֮żţȥб顣
˵ˣҪӿٶȡӴȣ
ǾͼӿٶȡӴȺˡ
ж죬ж죬ҪȣǾҪжȡ

ҶЦ߳õʱѾ峿ʱ֡
⣬Ųһֵ
Ȼǰߣǰķ
ҶЦɵפ㣬СѾͷĻҶЦҽҪӣ
ЦЦҪң
ЦЦ
ϣŵƺҲȣԼʲô
Žο˵ľɫӣӦѾǺ쳾˰ɣ
ҶЦͷ޾գ̾һ
һʱĪȻ𣬸档
Ǹ֣һһ·СǸͷ̧°ͣббԼСѾͷǸؿڣýԼǰСǸȫŮ飬һϣҲԼϵС
ʱǼˡ
Ҳܳһʱ䶼
ҶЦȻ˵ǰһμ䣬쳾̣ΨѸҪ죡
˿̣ЩȻйͷơ
˵꣬Ҫٲȥ
ڴ˿̣һƵ
ž
žž
漴һ˵ʫ־򣡹Ȼ鱦ľˣ
ҶЦжȻһٸˮ޲ת΢Цúÿ졣
棬һ˴ԼİӰöĸְɴȹ°ڣӰӰ´µһ
ҶЦйԼ˳
ɴ֮£һ˫ǳһҶЦͬ飬ֻ˫ӣѾԽһӡ
˿̣˫ɫЩӣЩĮȴһ˿ŭԼ
ÿ𣿲ɣ˳ЦЦÿ죬л֪־ȻĺĲɣ̫ó̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦ΢ЦίʵҲʲôЦ󷽡
е˳֮УƺڽʱпֻҪһǱըЧ
ҶЦȻ֪Ůĵô£ȴǵĻرһ⡣
ŮӿɲһǷͲ˵ĺݽɫҲ
յһᣬҶЦǼ£ԶԼԭ¶֪
ľ϶ǲ죬һŮľȻǸӲ죬ʼղ֪ԭİһŮӹһǲӲ죬쵽ľ
һŮˣ֪ԷʲôʱͻȻѣǸСһΪˣ
˳ûдҶЦǵõҪĴ𰸣ȴǲưոݣĵǰһμ䣬쳾̣ΨѸ֣֪ѸǸʲô˼ɷһСɻ󡣡
ҶЦʲôԽģѵ龹ʲôô
˳γ֪ԶѸģֻ˵仰ʱаŨŨ֮⣬Զ׼ֵֻ±飬Ѱɣ
ҶЦػ㼴ּ꣬Ķ£Ϊĳλ֪̾Ϣɣ
ҶЦüԵ˽£ظûʲôϵɣ
ҶЦ仰Ϊ˵Ǻ
˳ȴǶʱðɡ
ɶףûʲôϵ˵ûʲôϵ
˳ҧﶼһˣղűĹҵ滹˴ʴʣҪǸûʲôϵܸ˭йϵ
ҶЦ˳֤ɶͷԣ㣬ҵĺ֪֮˸һëǮĹϵôôͲĹˣʲô˰
˳ȻΪ¡ǰ֮ôһ˵ȴǷҪŪˡ
Ǻǣ˭ҵȻûʲôϵֲʲôˡ˳˵ֻĺܺ棬һλﾹ˻ۣ֮ܿܿУӢۺܱءӢĺ½ǳǣȻܹһ۾Ϳ˷㣿
ҶЦüͷۣ仰˼ǷΪĳú˵ȥѹͲӦñ￴ϣ٣ڳʱز⣡
˳ЦȻ䲻಻ԶӣλﶨȻЩģӹɵġ
ҶЦȻãδĨɱ˵ҷ֮ӢٷӣҪòòҪģҪλеλҪȨȨҪƸвƸˣŮ׷ĵһƽжɡ
˳̲סЦ˵ֿ˵òʲôЩҲȥ˵ֻǷȴʵʵڵµһܼ
ֵֻĺܺ棬ܹôǹҵĹǺεȵĹɫ㣿Ǻη㣿
һߵӣ˵ᡭҰɣ
ҶЦһ㶣βʧЦ˵˹ԸҲĳʰ·磬θҳеµһԵ赹黹
˳ʱ˪ĿҲ˵֣Ȼǿ˿ԴϬ絶
ҶЦ˵γǻ۶ߣĻıŲߣȻòǿ⣬Ѿӵе̫ˣɷˣʵڲعڻ֪ˣͽʡ
ұ죡˳̲סһĿкâ֣һŮ˵ȴ̫ˡ
ҶЦȴ̹ϵ˵ʵ˵绪ɫ㡢Ŀ续ĻҲȹʵĨɱģǧ£ǧǧ򡣡
˴˵λԵȣ˳ҶЦͲǺ˳ֱ˳׵Ĵ̼˫һ֮£ȴô˵óû


204 Ů˴
˳ûҧ˵֮裡㣬㣬㲻Ҫɱ㣡
ҶЦԲȻ˵ɱңΪʲô㲻ҪΪʦˡ
δ䣬˳ǰһֻСּٶ֮ʣ˲ռ䣬ĿǰƣָͷҶЦк
ҶЦû뵽˳Ļᶯ֣ԷʼڼܵίҲڵ˰ɣԲ޼ɵҲҪһ
ȴû뵽˳֣ҳֻôݣô
ҶЦǾþ֮ˣ״侪ңٲһһ֣ƽȻһӭȥͬʱ¼ˡ
ҶЦ潻֣ԼҲ£Լ˳йһȻǵᣬҶЦԾǺ֪ŮʵԪƷ磬һν֣ûй̫ʱ䣬ȻҲ̫ܹͻƵԪԪ֮Ĵ󾳽ϣѾ൱ɹ۵ľ˽ˡ
ȻŮףʦиԴһΪȻһģʽ㣬ҶЦΪҲȥ˽ӽԪĲΣǶԪƷƷ֣Ҳ࣬˿˳ͻȻϮɣӦ硣
ǰ̬ƣ˳Ĺƣ漫㣬ҶЦûأҶЦҲûѡܣֱԻƽֶԺνԷƸ֮ôҲ̫ǿƽۻ룬Ե棬ҶЦ˫һʵԼʤɣ
ȻǴҶЦ֮⡪
ԻƽֵȽⷴˣ˳ܲˣԭʽ䣬Ŀһֱӽ͵
һҶЦĻƽַ֮ϡ
˺޻ٵĶƴǿʤС
ҶЦֻоһ׻һֵԼ纮һ㼫ӣµŵŵ˳߰˲˳ȴ˿¾Ȼ͵ǰһ
ȻҪʤ׷ӣȾ޴ķȻûаӰ졣
ҶЦʱ֪ϵ
߰˲δܽԷȻ˼ȴ޿ˣΪѾһǽ
ҶЦӦ٣޿ˣ͵һ˽к֮⣬һ͵ײǽϡ

ǽܳӦһ󶴣׷ɣ̳ҶЦ˵Ӱڳоֻ㼴ʧˡ
һЦģ
ֻǸղŵһӴҶЦ˳λ˹ΪȻѾڵǷ켫ĸ֣
ǵֹԪˮ׼ѾԪ۷ʦ磡һζԷֳģԲʵΪ
ǰηʱ䲻ȣػ˾ˣ˼
ֻ˳ΪΪλ˾ˣҶЦҲô⣬ԼڵΪȻĶ֣ȴоԵİգߣ˳ʼջڼҲĶԼɱ֣
ǸղţֻͣʹŹԼǾɱЦȷֱ𶼿ǰһǰ׻ˣ
ֻǣǶһβ֪ʲô裬ȻԼǻԹӡ
Ƿӷأ
ˣ£ǼߣΪϲߡ
Ҫæ϶ҪԼġ
ô˵ôҲȽֱץȥǿǴ˿ٱץסǿɾ
룬һҪĶ࣡
ҶЦϣߡ
ҶЦӲŸոմܳΧ;ñȻһİɫ䣬Ѿһ㼲˹ֻһ˿ҪԼ
ҶЦһХӵһתһЦȫչ
ӡݡһѾʮ֮⣬ת䣬˺ȻΪһǣڽֵ֮ǽٷ˳ȥ
ͬʱоһҿô־Ȼô죡
˵ʲô˳һŭֱ˾죡
ССѵһ£ҪŹģڣ˹۾ֱӺˣ
˳һգĿһɨűҶЦȥķ׷糸һ׷˹
Ȼ˿ҲܻԼεı¶
ҶЦп࣬Ůĵô£ʲô̬Ҳ
˵ңôһͺɱģôأȻûɱ⣬ϻ۵İ
ڻ޼ɵ
ŮԶԸĶҶЦεţȴԽԽ졣
ͬʱȴȷһ£˳һǰһгֻݣλֿԱ֤ǰ֮УҲԱ˳Ȼȥ
˳ĽԲôֵĺ˼ɣ
һˣҶЦûҶķߣǸɴųⱼȥ
ҶЦ֪Ϊˣʵ˳ԼҲ֪Լؾô
֮ܶһ֮֮󣬱һǻ˵Ļϲͷһֱи·֮ȴһȻͣסŲһʫ
һʫԭҲûɶڵĹؼȴʫһּζΪһŮдġ
ԼͷŭôĪͻȻòҲѹƲסˡ
Ҳ磬֮ǰеĴ㣬֮ˣΨһĿľץסɶĻ쵰ʹһ٣
쵰Ȼƭң
鱦ĵһ˾ȴƭһ޸Ƽ
ңҾȻˣ
ϴûأ
˳֮ڶ
һַǳеҪйһٵĸоƣǰǸһӴܵķ֮裬һõķй
ȫչ׷ᡣ
˵ʱ˳ʵûʲô޿֡ͷΨһ뷨׷ǰ˰һ٣Ȼ˵ҳó
Ȼ˵ҳ֣һŰʮ
Ļ쵰ƾʲô˵ҳĳƾʲô˵֣Ŀֵҵķô
̫ˣ
˳ҧĽ׷ţһ·Ͻҧÿ졣
Ծٶ˳ʮ֮󣬼ʹûйˣǽ죬ơ
˳˿ܹѵظоԼΪĻȻԼҲ÷ǳ졣
˼
Ƿ˼
ҶЦȫٱӣȫޱܻչޣٷɱ
һǰһ󣬵ͺǣٻ˴أ˲ǣ˲Ȼȥ˽⡣
˳Խ׷Խвޣ쵰ΪҲԶˣ˼չ֮ҾȻ׷ϡǻ쵰֮
ҶЦ֪ԼղŵԴȴǴȫŮ˵Ĺͬɻ䡣
Ůƽɻ£һ˵֣ڶ˵
ҶЦ첻˵˼ҳó󣬻˵˼̫ˣһһ֣Ϊ㳤ó󡢳֣Ҳſ㡭⡣
˳Ͷ鸴ӣ˿ǻ̵סǲ͹£
Ů˰˵
ҶЦһһɽ֣һֱߵӣ˱ɽ
ԼҲ֡ԼһһɽȻԼȴֲòһڡ


205 ʶ޴в
¹ʱصȻ
ǿߣԪֹŽڴˣԼСѾͷҹ³ɢڴˣСѾͷߵûб߼ʵʦڴˣʱգԼĳŮ˳β׷ɱҲڴˣ
治֪⾿ԵأԹأ
˳֮ǰֳΪǱԼҶôʧȥϵļòƻû˿ε
˲뽫Լ֮⣬ҶЦʹȫ¶ԼʵݣĵطҶЦȴǸûаտ԰ѴŮ˼ȥΨһȥȻֻʣһɽˡ
ɽϾҶЦ֮ɣ˵ҶЦҶЦԲ֮еоǣ֮ǰɱŽ֮أǧת޾۵ͨ·Կ԰Լ˳׷٣СѾͷҶЦ뷨ͨ·ݵĻʲ˵ʮþȣҲࡣ
һɱ֮ҶЦڽɽ֮ʧӰ
˳ҶЦǰŵĸϴֻ֮ȴѾҶЦټĿΨɽҰİˮڶһʱϼεһǧ
˳תĿһУ漴һӣ֮ǰӦһ߷ֿ˳ɣһŨ֮С
˴֮һ㻺ʱ䣬ҶЦѾһһɽ֮Уһ붴ȴͥŲ̾·ߴĳ˳ȥ֮ɣֱӷ̡
ƾ˳ı£ôҲ벻֮Ȼһְɡ
ҶЦаա
Ȼʺ
ҶЦո̤Ϸ̣ԸоǰһǿεԼ
Ƴ֮⣬һϸС
ֱһ㣬ԻӺգ
ҶЦת̧ͷȻʱܶء
ҶЦ˲жϳƵˣΪҪԶ˳֮ϣ˳Լʤ㣬ǶϴˣԼڵΪȴǰҲޣ
ҶЦӦ䲻νɳ٣ȻǹȴѾεأǹƾȻʼӰһضϡ
ҶЦܵƾʼôţ룬ҶЦֶΣǰѲˡ
ҶЦӦУǰƺһˣһѩͬѩһŮˡվڱɽ֮ǰһôĮעԼ
ƾԼɽζǰܺ󣻵ԷôһվôעţԼܵʲôطѲ˶Էʶ
ʲô
ҶЦĵеˣʲôأ½Ǹͼλ棬ǿߣҲԪ۷ʦ磬ʱ˵ЩԪ֣ȻŴĳֳ缫޵ĳǿߡ
Žǣ֮ǰĹװǣнѩһİŮˣȻŮ˿϶ȲϹװˣŽȴԶԶڵԼӦļ
״òƺҪҵأ
ôǿ߽Ӷĳͼλ桭˼ô
ҶЦ˼ĵգһ˳ǰ
ҶЦɫʱظŹһЦվסΣһ̯˵۰ⳡ׷Ϸ˽ô
һ׷𣬾һ˫ϿɵСϷƵģ
˭Ϸ
˳һ仰ˣ˵ܵÿ찡վ׷ˣֻǣֲˣ㵹ܰ
ҶЦ̾˿˵ʵ˹治ô鷳ġ
˳˵
ȻȫҶЦ仰˼ڰ׷Ĵ۾ĳˡ
ҶЦ΢ЦԵ׷ŮɽŮ׷У˹׷ô࣬ôӵɽ֮ȥģʵǴɲءǺǣίʵô˷ʽ
˳Ծһ㶣ҶЦĻ⣬ʱ࣬ŭӣҧгݵĵ˼ǡӦַ
ҶЦͷ̩ȻΪбҪĻҰĴ˰棬˵ҿ۾һΣֻǿҵĴ֮
ƽתΪ񣬷·ҪɵʲôƵģ
ȥ
䣡
˳޿֮ʣһҧһźݺݵؾĳСϡ
ҶЦһУ߷һɽȥ
˳һԲɣಽ
ҶЦڿ߰˸ֻгôһξ룬һֱɽλã˳תȦӣסΣһΣ̧ͷȥ
޴в


206 
ֻǰһ˪ѩµľɫˣվԼǰ
ĿͬĿҶЦС
ҶЦͫһ
ԼоûдĻ绪ŮУȻضԼɱ
ɱң
㣬Ƿ֮裿Ů˵࣬䣻ͬһ㣬ȴָһֺĸо
ǡҶЦ۽ǰŮѩ׵ӣá
Ůӵڿʲô
ڹ۲죬µĹΪѾʲôزҶЦ΢΢һЦȷʵ̶ȣźжϾޣʣ¼졣
ŮӴ˼ȻйĻ⣬ԾɹžֻǵŶ
ҶЦͷ֪㲻ΪȻֻ˵ǲмһˣΪΪίʵѾĲΣǳ࣬ҵΪǾԿģΪڴţ
Ůӵѵ㲻ǣ
ҶЦҡͷȻǡ
Цһ˵һ£֪󣬵ҷ֮һˣɫۣƳէûκε쳣ܸȫ״˵ǿúܣɫȴһɫɫѾ۵֮ͫӦѾγһȦ˰ɡ
ŮӻͷϿҶЦ˵Ļ
һ˶ԣδܹõ㹻˵ˣȴҲδǴʲôֻΪʣ˹ɫʣΪӸ˼Ȼ󣻸˼ȻȴȻ͵ġ
칦ɵġ
ǼͫȫɫδܷóĻôڵϦ֮䣬ʱһغ
ͫ׵ɫѾȫɫչȥˡ
ҶЦЦԣȻʱ޶࣬ǴڿʼֹͣҲֻðԪˡ
ҶЦ˵˶һ٣ֵУŸ֪Լ״ɣ̹Ȼ;ǻ֮
Ůӵɫǵ޲ÿɷ񣬶ҶЦ˵ѾĬϣȴƺǶԼûм⡣
ʲô˵ʲôҶЦһľ
˳һ䵽ҶЦǰ۾ضֻ״˵֣㡭˵ģ
ҶЦҸղ˵ģǲģʵ֪зȨģλ֪ˣǵˣȻ֮¡λʦɣż˹濴
˳תͷŰŮӣ˵˵ʦ˵ģǲģֻʣ°𣿡
Ůӵ˵߻ˣֻǣΣ
˳Խҵҡһ£ʧʦ㡭ΪΡ
Ů˵Ҳ½
˳ˮˢˢ˲ˡʦûƣҲû֢״ǡӶȹʱ⣬𣿡
Ůһѵõһ£Լĵӣǵġ
һģ˳ؽеǣڲа취ôҪΪΣǳīѾҵˣҲϾɱɳˣʦȫȻûϣģΪҪΪҪԼ
ΪʲôҪ˳޵
ŮԾעԼӣþû˵
ʦͽ˴˿վһһɴһûУҶЦ˵ģ˳׿ڳϣ˸ʦͽһԾɫûվһ
ǵӱ濴ŮӵƺСҲֻʮ߰ѡ
˿̿˳ȴǳһĸףεؿԼŮ
˳£תҶЦʧ֣㿴ʦ㻹ûа취
ҶЦüͷҲܱ֤ʲôҪϸ鿴һ£ܸۣһҪ㣬ϴ㽻ҵĳīᡮҲϾɱɳˡѾˣ
˳ɫ䣺㡭˵ʲôѵѵǳīˣ㡭漴ɱʢĿĶסҶЦ
ҶЦʱãٿЦ㿴ˣʵ˵īѾҴ߻ɹɱΪīȻڣȴڵģõķȥ룬ػˣ
СѾͷң
˲һ仰Ҳã
˳һ㶣ʱΪЦϲֵصīѾ߻ɹ


207 ƹ
ҶЦһЦ֮Ӧ֮£ʧ׼Ҽ֪һ֢ڣѵ֪ɵĽڣһŮңнһﵽĳƣдҩܶȹ١ڵõī֮Ҿ;߻˳īһպùһա
˳ԸǴϲæĨȥᣬסŮӵĸ첲ϲ̵˵ʦȻѾˣôǾͲҪôεķҲʱ
ҲáŮӻҡͷ˵һ˳֮⣬ȴҶЦ֮еĻ
ʦ˵ʲô˵㲻ãԪ㹦ٵҩ˳һţ
ȻŮӾôɫᵭվţ˵תԶɽĿɫЩ㯣ȴǼᶨһ̣ųһ˿Ц⡣
ҶЦһ̾㾹ڶûʦͲҪǳô
Ϊʲô˳ֵʧʵҶЦʰŮӡ
ŮЦţ˸ͷԾû˵
ҶЦΪʦʦ϶ҲҪһǶֻҪʺϵĻĵرͬתɻȻҪ൱ʱ䡭ʦδܹϵϣֻǡͬͽܣڲãŴ߻ֻҪͽܹĻǿ϶Ըϵϵġ
֪˵ĶԲԣҶЦŰŮӣʵ
ŮεĿһָۣ֮ǰ䣬ȴδɱ⣬Ծû˵
ʦ˳һ涣齹ʦӣһأҸһȥĸ߶ȣΪ
˵ͻȻʲܳʦԴҰΪʦʲôöΪţԼûùһΣͽҲô˽ѵ÷ֽ߻ɹ֤үھ˽һΣҪٿԼˡô
Ů΢Цḧͷ૵ն
˳ޣʲôΪͽ룬ͽȴͬʧʦΪͽϧۣɷѿģͽܾôûĸεĽܣ
Ů΢Ц䣬Щ޷⣬ֻѣһ죬ᵽģ˭ܱܵù
ǱһԽԽã˳ؽе
ҶЦѵ˵ƹӾҲù
ŮӶһ漴תͷҶЦĿر㵱˵ãƹҲ֪
ҶЦ΢Ц⡮˵á׬ıˣҲֻ˵ƹ칬칬񹬣ʸȥӴЩ߸ϵĴڣЩ˼䣬ҲܳƵϡù֡
Ůӵ֪ίʵ١
ҶЦͷһ֪ԹԸƹӣȻǼģȻΪθҲ˸롣
ˡŮӻҡͷį
ҶЦ΢Ц֮һɽɽƮ䣻ǧһأ
ȻǸ߸ѽҶЦЩ̾Ϣ˵
ҶЦ֪ƹ϶ӹɵģǣҶЦûнӴȴҲʵ
ֲһˣ񹬣ߴţ
һ£ϱߴſ˼䣡
ҶЦǰˣߴ֮ең
ֻǣΧЦʵĴʱȴ֪Ƿάԭߴ֮ʵǿλˣ
ȻƹʵȻǿ󣬵֪칬ѾԽǣݳԽȻڲõĽΪʡ޿ɶҡʵҶЦԭ򣬾Ϊƹ֮Уǿһ⡣
ȻǡֹҶЦһǰһϵ֮Ҵ󵨲²һ£Ӧǡǵҩ԰Ϊĳٵˣ˵ǡרֲīнĵطȫΪǸٵ˰ɣֻ˵ǡѾľ˵
ŮͫһҶЦһ֪ίʵ̫ˡ
һԭѾɱ⾹ٶۡ
һ֪ôƹ߻ܵˣʵ̫ˣ
һܳɫĵʦƾҿԳɹ߻īѾ֤һСҶЦ̹Ȼ˵ңҵν֪ҲǶЩ˽⣬˶ѡ


208 
ŮԳĬһ£תͷ˳ٶȿ˵ȴǶҶЦ˵ģȻȷʵܹ֧ųóĵزڸһôҪ컯ˡ
ұɱ㣬ղŵĻ˵һ˲ѾˡŮ˵
ҶЦ֪ҲŻ˵Ǿ仰Ҳ˵Ҳδػɱҡ
ȴﲻɱˣ̫ҪˣŮֵ
ҶЦ̾һѿڻȷʵǲҪҵͽδȴҪҰæģܹɹ߻ҵıǮ
ݱǮҲ㹻ƹκ˶޷֮
罿ǣŮĪҪȾ糾Ů̾ͬԶɽһü΢΢һ£ЩȻ˵
ҶЦĬһ£⻰˵ȴ̫ˡ
˳ȴǸԽţһῴҶЦһῴԼʦããȻ֪ˣﻹеҶЦ֮ʱһǿķɡ
ҶЦĬƬֵ̣ЩףǷ˵øһ㡣
Ů̾ϢǸˡ
ҶЦжʱ֮ĸоҪҪ˵ʲôĵڣֻǰһڣһŰӰѾԼȫ֡
漴ֻоͷһʹ˾ʹʧȥ֪
ԼԼֻʱ˳һʦҪ
ҶЦתʱֻŵһ⡣
۾֪Լ˿ȥֵ˳ıԺ֮УòƻǵյǸ䡣
вһЦ
ҸطͦԵֵġȺǻġ
ǲ֪ԼǷܺѵ뿪
棬һıӰڱ˶˾š
ҶЦԴŭֲǲóֶʲô˼°ƣҾͷ𣿡
棬ӰתǸ
ҶЦ㬵ĵԭ㡣
ⷿйŮҶЦһģȻ˳˳λʦصİŮӡ
Ůͷҡ
ҶЦһ°ˣҪΪˣ
Ů΢΢һ죬ĿԳŭζȻҶЦղ˵ġˡô£䵭ҲҪΪˣ֮ǰҪڲҪԺӲҪֻǡЩ飬Ҫ㡣
ҶЦͷ֪մô
ŮӾ˵Ǳ¡
ҶЦɫһ䣬˲Ϣ֮ɷףȻָɫ˹仯Цԣ˵Ǽ亱ģЩɳƵ˵¡Ǻ֡
ЩֵҶЦ׷ʵ֮裬ֵʱ쳣Ѹ٣Уɫú֣Ѫɫ˲ˣȻǿ򶨣Ϊһῴôѵ˵ҵֶ˵ʲôͬô
Ҳûʲôͬ塣ҶЦһ΢Цȴǰ˵֡
Ŷ棿ȴ֪Ǵʲô˵˵ģµɫú֡
ҶЦӲͷƤ˵Ʈ¡
嫺ľӦѵ㾹ʶ㣿
ҶЦУͬһ£Ӳҡͷ˵ʶҲʶеλ㡣
µ˵֪ĳЩأҵҲ⣬仰һ֪ȴԲᳬˣ֮裬Բ֮һҲκ֮һԨԴ
ҶЦЦˣʵֻ֪ǰһ仰ѣһ䣬ҽշ״š
˵⻰˵õҲʵ֮ǰֲоӦһŮˣΪһˣԼָˣǺǡ
Ϊһˣָˡ
Ӧ
˭Ӧ˭
ҶЦһоɤһķ࣬ô⵹ֵúء
µһЦپⶵתֻǣҶЦĿ⣬Ȼ˼ζ
ҶЦȴֻоһĳ鴤
Ӧ
Ӧ
һεϤ֣ԼֻذҲ֣ˣݡ
ҶЦĵһԵ̾ϢͻȻһӿͷ
ǰʱʶһСãĿǰΪȻԲһЩԸܺãҺϲ
ǵ꣬ӦԼ˵Ļ
֣¡ϲ֣ˣԸ񡣡
ԣұãԺиӦʲô취ܹһñ˲
ǵľӦԼ̣ѯʡ


209 
ʱЦҶЦ˵ڽϣﶼһǵܹһС֮ҲͲҶˡ
Ŷôһ˵ôʱӦ˵
ʵƹҲòȥάһİˣôҶЦʵ
⻰Ҳ
㿴вУҶЦƬ˵ͽƮ£嫺ľӦΣ
ããӦЩ⣬嫺ľӦˣҶЦʫأ
ҵ£ҿɲ֡
ҿǽҲϣƮ£嫺ľӦƸЦ·ѡƶ׳ʫһ˲˱᣿
˰ɣʼǸеģ㲻ںҲСµĹɣ˵ˣֻһ˵ǱǵӴͬն
ҿǱʲô뷨ɣҷǲںʲôġ
ǺǣȾôŰɡ
գӦҶЦ֮ͷ˵£ҶЦԤϣµ;ܾˣȻҲ޼ˡ
ô˵ҲƹӣΪ׿ȻԸ񣬵ŴƵǷĸҲǱȻڵġ
Ȼ֪ӦԼ˵ôȻܾˡ
ԣʾʫžʹûڽȻ֪
ҶЦ£ûмӦеǸµ׳ʲôӡû뵽Ȼں½ˡ
õѣϵãĹۡ
ҶЦĿţȻٿűµĿ⣬ȴ޽٣ЩԭŮӣеı°
֮԰Ҫ֪νܹǻ⹦ٵ𣬵ôһ£
˵ֵһ֮˵һ³СﻹԣǰͲҪ˵ˡ
ҶЦЦʲôˣ
Ȼ֮ǰδʵȴӦ˵ֹһΡ
ȻĹ²ģȴǱѩ伸ûʲôܹù
ʣֻܶѡ
ȴ֪˽⡣
Ŀǰ״ԼϴΪſţȻѾ˱еһ񾭣漰˱ںǸˡ
ԣϣһҪŪװ׵ġ
ű£ҶЦ˼˵ǣ˼βܹȥ
¿ɲ˳
˳ĻԶһЩս˵ȴܺöԸֻҪס㣬ȻռϷ磬㱻ʹҲ̫ˣٲ֮ǣ¡϶ԣ²֪飬ѾˣͬʱζţԼĻԱ𴩵ĻʱС
Լ֪˺ܶ಻ò֪飬ʧȥüֵǿɾȡеˣ
⣬ֻ˵ȷʵǴڵġҶЦЦ˵Ȼû˵ˡֻΪ룬ʱұͽץʱڱ֮ıŲѱ¶Ӧɹһ㡭ʵҲֹʲôġ
ҶЦһ仰˵Ŀνޣȴܹ˵ǲ˼
һ̾ĵ⻰ҲƥǱ֪һˣȻԽƹõټ⣬ʦʦУ鷳޾ֻ֮ˡ㣬Ȼɱ㣬һˣǼпܵģ
ҶЦɲǼ侯ǰҪᣬҲֻʱػ޹ĳĹ٣ʵûаյġ
еġƵǸղѾȷдΪΪһƽľĸ˵Ͼһ쳣ԵԪְԵԪ˵֮ǰκ϶ûмʶģĵطڣϾȻͬʱ߱ͼ֮
̾Ϣһƹ֣֮һģһĹǣһս֮󣬹ȴȱʧһ
ǻȱʧˣҶЦʵ
ǵġ˵ʦΪ˲ȫһһ֪ķ˶Ѫƾˡ
ȴʼղԭĹԴ֮󣬱ŵһ񹦣ͶȱݡĿҶЦʱʼ⹦ģȻȻĪȴӴҪī


210 Ʈ֮
ǱķĪȱڣǾԲİġ
һս⹦ΪԴġ
ƹƣŹƥԵޱȣȻŮɵɣǽݱһɽҪһͳµƣַΧ֮£оܵǱвҲоͳһĿԡ
û˻鷢
Բ䷨ߥ£˺Ʈƹ걾ŮӣôڷߴʦսƹһɢֻиڵĴеӴŸķһӳ죬Ԩ֮УȴոĻԵ
ΪԸʹȻȻ˵βʹµʱ򣬱µıԾǵģƺֻ˵һƽĹ£Ψʶ֮Сȭͷ͸¶ľôƽ
䷨ҶЦ૵˵
ǵģ䷨Ҳͳĵһ֣ų޷졣˵ֵʱһгݵʹޣһս֮УȨκ֮ϡ
ҶЦͷԭˡ
䷨ǡһˡߴš֮еġһˡֻû뵽ԭ˵𣬾ǴԵ֮С
ƹƣ㿰κһ֮ϣԴǴαжΧ֮һǧɣʧȴڱ߹һб١ֱǧ֮γɣ˴˻ǣƺ⣬ƹץסᣬڴԨٶ֮Уǿ֮С
ȻΪķȱݣ֮󣬱Ӧóٶλƹڵĸ֣Գ𣬵ȴҲ
е踺ءƽ׶һħͷֵ档
һֱǧ꣬ʵϲ¥£Ϊһ£ŵЩŮӵ׸˶ȴκ˶޷õġ
ƵؿŴƿգԳһ˿ɬЦݡ
ҶЦһԭ龹ˡ
Щ֪ģǰҶЦҲֻ֪ƹʢĵһħŮӾ޶ɥĲŮħͷȴû뵽оȻԵɡ
òʵûʲôҪԼ˵Щ
Щɶ˼ɵĪ˽²μ棬˵ԼһؼĻڣԼͽܵһݣڵжԹҵˡ
ȻҶЦ鱦֮裬鱦֮ǰǴġεȷֳ֧ʵ۹Ƿ֮軹ҶЦϣ޷ֱ
мڴˣΪʲôôأ
ô˵ҲֺĻ˴ֵѽ
һ㣬ҶЦǰ˼⡣
ƹȱʧ˱߹ƪ֮࣬ǿ֮еǰʵȻ߹ȱݣԨУѾʼоıڱѰ˿ԽȱʧֶΣǳֻҪ˸ͬĳͿԻȱʧĹ٣ʱԳī⣬нԳͬȻֲѣɻףǧۣڿ˷ƣȻ֮ǰȴͻȻȫ׵غϮĿԣЦ˵ɽػɾⳡһ
ҶЦ˵ǻɾؾܹĵطɣ
¿ɬһЦǣһգֻһ˲ʱʣȻƮƷ캮ض֮СɸȻǳȫȴҲ޷赲Ϯǰ󲻹չ⾰ֲڻɾīжȫΪⳡ׶
գͻĺϮ֮£һīҲûб
³̾Ϣסڲ
һҲûбҶЦ˲Ĵһ
ʲôһغĪ˵ǵԪ֡ԪֱػһƽԹڶ֮ʵػᷢ飿ҶЦ׷ʵ
Ҳ֪˼ȾһجΡһգǹɺͻȻϮ֮㿰أŹֵǣǳʼվֻƮƷһء֮УǧŮӣպϮ֮¾쳣صĶˡصģ˷ĩΪһرмְ֮ɫ
ҶЦĿࡣ


211 Ԥԣ
ίʵû˵ȻôһκŵĿֲϮ
ǰǰԼݺȥ绽ء
¼Ȼû˵
зȻ䶯һʱԼҲò֪ǰ
̶̰չ⾰ֺʧڶ೤Ϻ׷Ѱ˴ֺ֮ԴͷӦǣ켯ϰ˰ٸ֮ǿתߣȻɹȴҲˣŵʮԪִӴʧȥȫΪ˳ͷβķˣ޻ָ֮գ´˿̵Ȼǳʹ˼㡣
ᣬҶЦͷƤը
ҵģ
ʮλԪ֣Ϊ˶ԿⳡԴͷʧȥȫΪ
Ȼǰ׹ⷬͻƹȫɱ֮ġ˵رصȴƫƫҲˡƹΪҲϵʮλԪ֣رǿŲˡ
֮ǰǰ׹Ӽƻɹһ̡
ֻ£ҶЦ֪Ҳ֪ƹκ˶֪Եɡ
֪ĻƹƴȫŸҲҪ׹ʬΣΪرŴһɿֲƹ
£ʱ桭
ʱһ飬ȴܹ벻ĺԼȫ֪顭
Ҹղᵽˣ֮ǰƹΪȷܹȥʵ˥ѰֻҪҵˣȻ磬ӣҲὫֲ֮ƹΪлɾǿмᣬ߻Ʒʡȴû뵽¿Цš
ҶЦȻԣɾȻ֮֮䣬ȴһīҲˣ
¿ɬĵͷɾҲһ֮󳹵׻һ򣬳ȻϡȴҲһöҲҪԵ⣬ǳĿ󣬻Գֲ
ҶЦƿԡ
⻹ζ벻顣
Ϊǧ꣬ڿѰֵĶذ᣻ԼԼţ磬һ궼ΪܵĵڡԼļңֲǶȴٵˡ
Ǻεȵķ̣
ǧ˵Ŭôһ˲丶
ǴαʣȻ˽ԴȴʼղҶей¶ΨϢй¶֮֡ǵ֪ϢǲŹǵġڱܵͬʱ֮еͽ׵Ϥǲס˵
ԭˡҶЦף˳Ϊλں½
˵˳Ϊ˵ƹȴ֮Уʱǻûеܹ߽ʵȴǰųˣ
ŻʵҲԵɣΪ˾ܷйܣȫ֮⣬ҲϣǲˣܹλѰҳҪ֪ɾĻͬˣһϵĶ֣ʱ֮Σɢٳϣͼһң㣬һνҡ¿Цš
ǰ˵Щˣȴףǣľ޴ܣΪҪңҶЦʵ
ʵܼ򵥣ҲֻܵΪϾ֮߱˵ġ𣡡һ
һ̣ҶЦˡ
Ϊ˵һԣȻôصĺ
顣
ģܲѻǲҪѵĺã
ʮλԪȻһΪϣȴ⸣˼һȽ͸ٶ˺һ𣬺ľԼȫԪΪŽһռԤһƹδ֮·
˵ʱĽǡ
˫ͻȻأҶЦһ˲˲
ҶЦʵʵĿ⣬Ȼظо˼ëȻҲƵζ

سʼִ£¾Ʈع⣬Իبš
һ֮һһֵļ˵
ִ
ƪԣҶЦֻоԼһ¡
Ҳⲻװ׵ľͰѸƳˣ£ܹͬʱ⼸ģòƳ֮⣬Ҳûбˣ
òҪҵư
ȻǺķʮԪֵĲ˵ֻһԤԣҪʱӡ֤Ѿû˸õѡԾͽŵϣȫԤ֮ϡ
еϣԤˣ
ҶЦֻоȶӶЩ
ڱµ񣬸ĿƣһգգĿԼ


212 ô֪
˵Դ֮Ȼسλ½½ҲҵһЩƷֹڳīһ۸߼ĻŻɾѻ٣ʧȥֲ߻ڴˣЩͻŵĳīãġһЩǰ;ǱߣΪ˵֮ΪȽϸǿܹ䵱ػм֮˷ã˵ȷܹȥ
ҡóīԭڡ̾ϢһҶѡֺγԸǡɡʼҪУôֻ˵ܹˣݱʡҪȻֻ»ȲԤԱʵֻ¾һˡ
ҶЦɿһɫѿĵɶʱȻҪôصˣ
㼴˵Ȼԭ򣬵Ȼ̫ͻأˣѵ˵ƾ֮ǰںԵһ䡮𡯣Լ߱϶֮ôδ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
΢Цһ£ȴû˵Ļ
ʵ£ĵҲδֵͦġ
Դ֮ǰҶЦ˵Ʈ£嫺ľӦ仰¸оһ㲻Ծ
ձµıĶԣһ֪Լźܶصˣʵڸúܣ
¶ǰȴһĪĺøС
ƺˣǺܿɿֵκкԼŵ顣
ָо֮󣬱ԼʡãҪָоס
ҲҶЦãһֱڴǰ˼ûŪԭ
һ£ʼ벻ͨ
ԼǼµʱԼǶȻԵģԭ򵹲ҶЦԴ򳬼ŵ԰йȻвԾԼһҪԭȴŹѾǵնزһйƱصŵĶα̣ʱֻ»Ҳһˡ
ԼΪԶԶĵز̫Զ
ԵʱȻȻطˡ
ҾԼִⷴԣҲûм֣¾ǳװˡ
Լܹȷǡ£򣬼ûʲô֪ܹ֪ˣʵԼ˵ġˡ
ǡֻˣ
ֻˣ
ЦӦԼ
ʱЦǾӦˣǸԼгʹĸĺ
쵰˾һӡ
Ȼ֪ǲԼĳ̫ˣ˽꣬ͻȻ䴫ЦΧҷذϢ
ʱȷϢ֮󣬱¼ûֱʹȥΪ֪ԼĽεǸˣЦˣھӦĴǿǼģ
ԣȷϢĵһʱ䣬ҹȥҾӦ֮󣬷־ӦȻѾǲΡ
㲵ԼѶʶˡ
ԼھӦ֮£ȰοԵĻָЩԳ޼ı֮ģиĿУػȥ
Ȼ뿪Լͽܡ
ұʱȻע޶࣬ȻҪҲҪƬ׽֮УԲþ֪ѾˡЦˣѾ˻ϣǽҲˡ֧ŵסڶش
Ա²˺½
½ĳҪﰲȥԼӰĵӣȹ֮һʱ⣬һأȴҲϣԼϢڴӦĶУԼ롣
ȴû뵽Ȼҵ֮Ԥ˵Ǹˣ
ֻǣԤе֮ھС
һֻ֮Ҳǿްɣ
ֻǡô֪仰أ
仰һֻ֪ңһѾˡԾƢԵҲǾԲй¶ȥ
Ȼǰ߲͸¶ӲԼ˵ȥģôǰ֮衭ô֪ģ
ʵ
ֱǷ˼Խͣ
´ӵʣ˳Ĭ״̬
ҶЦҲڳĬ
ңòҲӵҪʡ
ǣȴʣӲ֪ôʡ
Ϊͬʱԡ
˾ô˴˳Ĭţ
ȴ˭Ҳû뿪
һʱ䣬䷿ڵչ

ڳĬ֮ȿڳܷһۣɹ


213 
ҶЦУŴʣûüعһ£ŵⱾǵĶȻԣ㼴
˵ţһһ侧Өѩ׵ȻϣǺɫģһȻһƬѩס
һȾ
ﶼǰɫġ
ƷʵĳšһվߵҶЦǰԵעһճһɶƲסļ
ոյõһīʱ˵ϣñط֡
ҶЦԾһѿڶ֣ز֪
ºǺһЦָ³һȴּűܵ˳ϣ꣬Ͻֳ֡

ǵһī³һ۾ȴ̲ס˳۽£ʦ˼ңϣˡ
ҶЦű֮ԣв֮⣬˵ԼʲôˣѵԼµһҽԭĳī
´˿¶ȴҲжʦŸ飬̾˿
ƹҲǹ࣬Ҳֵκ
ԸϣЦ;ȫˡ
ʦǵӣչҪ
һÿ˶ô޷ˡ
žصжܹһģҲûм˰ɣ
Ůˣίʵǽüѵõǣžˣܿɹ
ӿʼīһֱɹɱΪһֻһµʱ䣬ô¿ҶЦĿ
ȷʵˡҶЦһ£ҷĳسŵռȻŵǰȻҪɣҲ֪ҪΪ֮ãȻҪ߾ȫȻֻǴ߻һīȴѾǽͷϵԴȫȥȻɹȴίʵǿϱ
̾˿ҿīѾȫ죬ֻһĵزҪȻġ
Դ⻰ô˵ʵ
˵Դ൱񣬻ĵررһЩʯЩһľ󷨣£ʩ޸֮Ȫˮ÷㴦
ҶЦ˵ȻѾ߾ȫǽͷϵԴ˽ȥȴҲûóīȫףǹһδܾƾ
ЦЦʵ̫ǫˣĽѾǼˣĽѾԾ֪йؼɵĻɾãȫ״̬֮ʱҪīɳҲҪʮĹ
Цһ£ɱΪ£㣬ֻһ£Ѿԭĳī߻ΪĳҹֻҪ÷ٶɱΪֻҲһʱѣƮƹУǲ޵ˣ
ʮ£ҶЦȻһ
вĺڡ
ģԭ˵ʱ̫ˡΪɶ˵һЩ
Ҫȡ棬ǿŮ˽Լץȥר
ǿɾ͸ˡ
ĵĻڣھĿ˵һЩòҲˣϾϴ˳Ҳֻһµʱ䣬ʱǹ̶ģԼô˵Ҳֻһ£
ֻǲ֪ҪǰһɻҪ೤ʱ䣿Щڴʵ
ϲ޷ҶЦǺһЦ˵
ϲ૵˵һ䣬漴ʵ˵ĲϲǺ½ǵĲϣȴڰɣҲ˵ϲǵĲδزǲǣ
ҶЦͷ
ǲ㹻أ½׷һ䡣
㹻Ļȫûк֮ǵĻҶЦ룬߻һԼҲҪʱ䣡
Ҫʱ䡭ɫһ䣬ʧ
ţҪʱҪҵĴ߻ƷȻѾߣͨѩףҪ൱Ϥĵ࣬ڽһɱΣûʱ䣬ܣҶЦش
ǡˣҵ˼˵ɻֻҪʱ⣬ֻҪô̵ʱ䣿ºʧ̬˵
ȥҾȻְʱ˵ˣҶЦٶȸ̣漴˵ֻһѣֻҪ㹻ɱΪͨĳīڴС
⻰ô˵أ


214 ˣ
ҲˣҲϧѪǿд߻ɣ߻иùŵһر˶̵ʱ֮ڣдɱ䣬Ʒ֮ߣֻҪϸˣȷʵп֮ɱΪʽĴ߻ȴǿһٵģ޷ƣֻһζѣ
ô˵ҶЦǽʱٴϳһЩΪ̫ðա
һץȥźҩôԼ뱲ӾͶˡ
ţѵֲ߻ĳīˣ
ǵҲǣֻ߻̵ֲʱ䣬Ҫ߻īҪʱ⣬ɳɱΪȴҪԼʱ䣬Ҳδʤԭֲ֮
ꡭü΢ţǷ⣬֮䣻Բ㹻Ϊ飬ǲϧϵԴĻջʱޣͿԸӽʱޣô
ҶЦ͵һۣˡ
üͷ˼ã˵㲻ǰ꼫ƷԾǿܹϵء
˵仰ʱһʼüͷѾԵһ仰һ֡һĿ˵ġ
⣬ͬһΪҸǧĹ߻Ļкܴս֮ɱΪ˵е
ҶЦͳ˵ǡ
¡һվ㾹˹ţ
ҶЦһЦֻһ˵Ȼǲɣû˵ͬҲ㹻ԴΪҪϧ۵ȥɾҲһʱѡ
µĽĲһ£۵ӣҲһһƬΣЩ
ǿǴ˵У֮컯ľŴ֮һ
һ˵ı֮
˵ǳԽֻƣ޾ש
ԭֻڴ˵֮Уû
ʦӴҲֻǼƷĻûеû뵽ڽ죬ͼλĺ½֮Ŀ赭д˵˳
ֲоҪʲôԴأЩٵʵ
֪ĵ׿϶Щ֣Ϊ˵Խ࣬ԽΣգʵҲ⣬ĺ⣬ΪλסңҿǶסʺǸ˰ҶЦ˵ʵҿ˵ôԭܵǼϷóֻʣ˰
֮棬δ̫ϧˡҶЦ̹ȻҲˣ˻ġҪ㲻ҪȥĶϣ˵ЩǾȥĶԼϣ
Ծһ漴һˢһ±ͨ졣
㡭˵⻰ʲô˼ûаϵ˪ЩŭĿҶЦһ˵أ
ҶЦԵʱȻ
һӺڵð˳
Ȼˡ
˸ȥᰡ
ҿ治Ϊ㰡ֻǲҵģĹ˶ѣ
뵽ȥˣ
ʵϣʵڲӦùֱĶˡ
ֻܹҶЦ׳̫Сˣ
ʵǡһŮӣһһɫ绪ľɫŮӣһСöŮӡһĶ˵Ҳˣ˻ġ
ΪҲԸԼΣ֮С
ҶЦ˵Ǿ仰ˣ˻ġҶЦԼ仰ûа
ˣӦԻ
ҵģҪôļģôԣ
ڱȴȫôˡ
ʲô˻ģɶ˼˭ģ
ҿں½ʶҵ˾ֻҵͽһˣҵͽܵȻģǡ֮˵ȴǡˡ
Ϊ˳ֻ˵ġ
ñܻʲôɡ
ˡòƾ̫Щζˡ
ʵǸ˼㲻ҪᣡˣҶЦԩĵ˵
ǺǣûԼĻʲô˼ԼҲ±ЦЦǶ˹Ǹл飬Ͱˣһ
ֲīɶȻȫԸ⣬ҪʲôصģңԲ˷ЩǷ֮룬ǲҪ̫ˡµ˵
ˣҶЦȻ
Ǵˣ


215 ҶЦ
ҵԼȻͲͷĲˡ˵ţѾվ
ҶЦôȻֵעĿűȥ
һӵĺߣһʱ侹ԷĻҲ˵ˡ
ȻʱſڰӰĺȻһһӰס˱£ʦҪߣ
˳
³˵ÿôĹˣɺͳ
˳ס˵ҾǲţʦͽڻʹףҶûôáҪǷλȥĻᣬҡҲˣ
ε̾˿նֻһꡣ
ֻһ꣬ҲӦʦģ˳ǿ˵ʦҪô᲻ϧ۵ȥѰҵˣɹ߻˳Ǳעʦãøãҿûؽ󡣡
ɫһ˵ΪƮˣԺ󣬱Ҫؽ󣡡
̾һŮӵλͣƹȴṩһŮҲԾ£ĻᡭûţЩŮӾֻһɢɳֻҪŻڣ߳ȥͻᱻ˹Ŀ࿴һҫ
Ҫʱ̱ҫ
ҪҲֵõģ
˵ڵΪ֮ϣ֮ԶԶȷſԳʢ˥ܸ֮ҷãôʵ̫ޡҪһ㡣
˳ޣҲҲܣҾҪţ
һ̾һʱ侹֪ô˵
ͻȻ˳ѸٵĲᣬգգ۾˵ԣⲻи֮ôȴǿԷٻֹٵģ֮ǰԣνͼӰЧѣʦ
ºһٲҪˡ
˳ţʦһΰɡ
ŭſ
ʱҶЦڿڣ˵
£
֪ƹŮ˶ŮڿأңҲǼųŮġҶЦ˵ȣʼվãҪһЩϾʸ̸δһ޳տԡ
ҪǡҶЦȱ·˵ҿȻҲīǻ߹ңȴûע⵽óһûӵģмңβ֪ڳīл֮¿пʩҩתṹܽɱɳġҲǣ
»ȻʡתʵҺγ֪ǳīȴ˲죬˲أؼռ㡭ѵȻռ
ҶЦĵͷһ֣ʮɫӣͬһſźɫ飬Ĺ
ĶҶЦĿ⼱ãâ磬ӹɣҶЦеʮɫӣԣ
֪ЩӣԼ˵ʲô
Լ˵ִʲô
ΣǱҪõֵģ
֮裬ҲȷӵֱǮˣҲһҪ£Ϊûмֻƾһ˵ܹƿһɵ˥鷢
һϣ¶һ˿׳;ȻһֵĵǷĳ𣿡
ҶЦȻ룿⻰ʲô˼
㲻Ҫôһ죬ȴǸӷŭҵΪ׮֪޷ĳ룬ԲһҪ׿˵гɾ͸Уô
ҶЦԶʱԴĿ࣬Ŀɿڴƿԣ
ҵģⶼĸİ
Ůʲô߼
ôܰȫɵϵһ𣬻ô֮䣬ôһƵģ
濴ú׼ջίʵ޴ӾܾԸ´Ӧǡ˵
ҶЦڱˣ
ʲô
˵ʲôˣ
ʲôû˵
Ȼ˵ˣ
⻹һ
ȵȣȵȣҵø˵£ȣҲûдӦΪЧͽ֮ܺĽףѾ᣻ΣҶϧ֮⣬ȴû˵Ǿ㲻ɣҪӰҲҪи޶ȣһûΪȡɫ׵ĵز󡭡
ҶЦ˵ȥ̣ϣ
ɫʱͨ͸
ҶЦôһ˵ﻹ֪ܲԼ˼ң
ʱ޵ء
˼һһҪԼƹ٣Լȴ˼Ǻɫ֮ͽ


216 
룬Լղ˵Щ
ҵģҸղôĥģôͰ˼ôأ
ѹ˼˭ģ
˼ҴΪҺãȴˡ
ۿ֮һɫӣȴǸоһůĲ˼˵ǡǻĪҪղίʵЩСˣƷʵ¶һЩ̫ˣǧ¡
Ĳ˼ͷ˳ȥһµС
һߣ˳ŪԼʦ֮ΪһʱҲǽסЦЦһΣȴûס¡
ֵֻʷ棬˳ͽȴԿԷʦʦ
ղŻڽţΪ֮迴ԼʦƯˡԼҲˡ
תͷҶЦ˵֣ѵʦĹ٣Ҳûбİ취Իô
ת⣬ȴǽղű˴֮Ĳ콻ʱ˹ȥΪͽΪԼʦ㵱ǰΧȴ֮УҶЦεĲʹ죬ҲҪֱġ
ȻҶЦɵ˵Ŀǰְ֪취֮⣬
˵̧ͷ˵֮ʣȴͻȻһһ
һʧ̬ȴΪǰһλŮüĿ续ƮƮ̬񻣻ȻվǰȻһƮ߲ʵĸо
ģ£Ƥۣ۲ˮ
㡭˭ҶЦʵ
ǰŮӣ˼ɫݣƺѾ̫ǡѾϾɫ
ɫֻӦУ˼޴Ѱ
ҶЦԭһֱΪСѾͷҹµò½ѾǾ޽Уȴû뵽ǰȻֳŮӣ˳ɫľˣСѾͷǵѷɫҪʤ֣СѾͷ֮ɫʼɬδǰȶ༸ֳķ¡
ǣް覴á
˭ҾҰ˳ԼԵһֱ֮һֱ˵Լó
׸ԼǸòǼٵģ˵Լó
ϾԼĿûг֮ǰûκ˵ģֻ˵
Ǵʱ˿̡
ߣ챾㿴ʲôŽŮ
Ų֪ʲôŮӣ
ԸɣȻԼ𾪣ԷҲ¶൱Ծɫ˳вΪãȻһЦҶЦǰתһȦб˵ô˼
ĺܡҶЦȻĳ˵⣬ϧΥĵ˵һô֣ܸմߣˡôõ֣óĴݣȴ˼ʱԼ֮Σʵ̫̫ɶˡ
㣡˳ʱҪӡ
Ǹô֮ǰû֤ݱ˵Ǵ˼ʵǰҪĨɱģǿ벻̣޿ˣ
ҶЦæֹţ㻹벻Ϊǻ⹦ˣȻ򲻹㣬ֻҪһָͷҾͶ췢ԶīҲΪǻ⹦٣ֻҪ㻹ҶңҾ⣡
˳ʱйԭ޿̣Ҫ̣˭⻵֣֣вδ̫ûз˰ɣ㼸˼
ҶЦһ˼ãûзܱȱ˵ɳҪǿöɣأúܣ
˳ȴֲ֪뵽ʲôȻ̾˿Ĭ
ҶЦǺһЦˣĳ˴˴һƽϣˣ񹦣һ㣿
񹦣
һ˳һ£ȥȴһֱŷڶıҲǽһ
ƹ߾ѧ֣
˳ʦͽһ񹦣֮ҲҪī񹦣
֮ǰȻжҶЦᵽԼɣȴֻ˵Եɣʼûᵽơ
ڣǰ˷֮ôſ˵˳֤Լɵ˽⣬治һ
־߲㡣˳תʵ˵
־߲ôҶЦͷ൱ֲֻ¾ͻֲࣻΣֻ
˳ʵô֪
ҵȻ֪ҶЦ¶һĪЦݡ
ʵҶЦ֪ģҲֻЩˣƹһӦƹĪ⣻֣ܹ֪ϸģҲ޼˵ҶЦɢޣ
ЦȻʵǿݺ򣬵ûбûۺ̵ɢޣӲ֪Щ֮е


217 ˽
ЩҪһɼʮ˵鱨ռҶЦǿԮ
ҶЦܹ˳ĺнȣѾǿǣʶ㲩ˣ
һмˣҶЦʵ˵ڣ񹦵ģһжˣ
˳¶ɬ֮Ц⣺ԭǧ񹦣Ȼһֽ֮ܵصģһ߰ٶǳ𣬸жٶλԿǶģѾ޷˹Ϊ΢ͬ֡
Ŀԣֽ֮ȷ˻ɾٵؽ޷Ҵа˳֮࣬ȻٵĹһֻвʮˣڼ񹦡УλΪߵ̫ϳϡԼλʦѲܹ񹦣ֻܾܵΪڽ൱һʱ䣬ҪǱš
ҶЦһһֻвʮˡ
˳Ȼ̾˿û٣б񹦺ٹʮ껹ûҵôҲҪĻ񹦣ֻǣǶģĲ
ģΪƹ˴Ӵ˲ĻôڲõĽǰ̫ϳϡʦ𣬱žͻǿûΪɡʱ򣬱ŵ֮־ͻ
˳Ȼ˵浽ʱ򣬱ſ»ᱻ𡣡
ҶЦü˵ȻǱȻĽ֣
بƹʶԣһɸ𣬱ȻǴ˥ʼһ˱аսĳʱôɵѣҲԥ֣һ
ΪȻעҪôӴԴȻΪɵһʳ
˭ռö࣬߾ܹ֮ӵǰһĻᡣ
Ļᣬ˭Ź
ν£﹫֮ǰͳͳ
ҶЦ˵˶ʦӣеֻҪԼȫ˵Ļôж˿ɹ
仰ŵı½͵һ
ˣʲô취ǰľƾĶӣ˳
ղ޳ʦ˿ҶЦɣȴǾ
õİ취һݣҶȥô͸ʹøԵֶΣҶЦ˵һɵ𣬴ͲɵӵҪһŬһǿ󣡡
Ҳ˵ˣǰƼȻѾӵȵزΪβܷһҶЦ˵ԸȥĻᣬ˺ܸУ⵹ģ˭ˣŶһֺγʵ
ǵȥһֱһ˵ʱָΪ˭ȥ
īʵ΢ڿʼĻǵԴΪҵֶζطȫԹ裬ٿڶʱ֮ڣά־档
Ϊ֮󣬾ͿҶԣֻһʱ⣬ǲʵʵ롭
˳Ϊֹ֮ǰһܹñΪǻ⣬ǲѪȫԴݵĵȴΪ˶ķôô޵顣
Ĵǰ£˸Ҫȥȡһеͷǲ޲ɼ
ҶЦҶԣˣǵ޲ɼϧģ
˳һ㶣ȴˣ֮˵ĿǴҪԼʦ»˵֪ˡɵĹһ߱ҪҪǱı࣡Ⱦľǡ
Ǳƻľҡᵼ´˺ǰ
ⶼƨҶЦٺһЦĽɣ֮һŮ˶ƫѣΪǿ֮󣬸ӿӣŸȻֹۣµлŮ޵
һǵĹֻǵ˹٣ʲôйϵôѵ˵˵Ǿ֮һߣǾͻ˶˲ɣͻûˣʧȥˣЦνҡľ޻̸ֻ֮Ҫ˴˽Ӵ˫аһֻл٣ʲôľ
Լ˹أ̤ǰһǧĴҵУȻȲһ˵ı࣬Ȳһ˵ν֡


218 ΪʲôҪзȣ
ҶЦЦҵǲˡ⵽ǸУ޴ֻ˵˽
˳ü˵˵˵ȴҲƫˣЩʱŮӵĸ߰Щ³ﶮá
ҶЦЦǲáЩ³ӵĸ߰Ůֺγֻ֪ΪԼƯöˣ˾ͶöǴзǷ֮룿ΪԼúÿΪ˼Ƕɫģ
˳ҶЦ˵¶ǣ࣬׵ѵô
ҶЦٺһЦǸƨ
ϣ˾ԱȺŮ˸ࡣҶЦ˵
˳СݡһЩмȻǶ仰ĲΪȻ̶ȣѾ˼ֻ²ԸŭҶЦŲ跴
ҶЦһ˵ˣа֮ģǻᾪޣҪռУʵ֮飬ֻҪͬ⣬ʲô취ʵ˵ˣµŮ˻һҸ¥ȥʲôĹûУ
˳ŭ֣仰˵ʵЩˡ
ҶЦ˵֣ԼѵҪе˶ɣҸԺͷסж𣿡
˳֮࣬Ȼּ֪ⷬȰοԼʦȴҲɵĶˣ˪˵֮裬˵Ҫעִ硣߶оĻ˻ͽȻԼ󡣡
ҶЦһ˵ѵĿлʲôӡôαˣһ˵ǶģȴҲûж⣬ûҪռǣԼԺȢΪޣǵС檶룬Ȼ󣬸ң˵ҪעһЩʲô
㡭һŮʿǰ仹һλŮǰѵͲӦñһô˳ʵ
ҶЦⷬ⡯Ļ״ŭ˳
⻰˵ĿЦˡҶЦ㶼ûҸղ˵ĻôΪʲôҪŮǰҪأ仹Լû˼Ůǰʲô˵ķȣԴκ˵ʱ򣬶Ӧһ޶ν
ΪʲôŮǰҪرзȣʣһǰرзȵʱǻῼǼ޸𣿲ɣǰװģȵʱֻŮԼǿٵĶѣЩ˺ںҵĸܣ
ҶЦԾ쳣˵ʵԽŮǰֳȺѧʶԼһо߱ĶˣĶв֮ģΨˣĵǿҵռͼ
һ㣬û˵ɣӦ֪ҶЦٺЦȻЦȴǣƫƫŮ˾ͳһףһòȻαӣ˻żһ˵飬Ϊ׿ЦôЦ˭أ
ˣ˳ٶסڿԣĬȻ
ҶЦ˵Ļɼ˵൱ġ
ǣϸһ룬ʵȴֵȷӵġ
ֻʱ򣬲ŻУԼʵһ棻ĶһŮ˾ޣһ飬ἫǰԼõһ棬Բ
ʵŮͨõ׼
˳ĬҶЦڣҲѾ֪ҵݣŲѡҾȻȥˣĻԵ鱦ңúܡ
˵꣬վٲ뿪
˳ûֻĵ̾һ
УȻмĺʧ䣬Լһ˵ζ
ҶЦŶ
ֻԺ£һϮµıҲվţü΢ƺ˼ʲô
ֻǣҶЦûд
Ȼ˵
ǻԼѡˣȻҲþӦģʥ·ǰԼȴƫƫҪѰɣҪȥĻᣬôҲû취
ܲܽץǿΪٰɣ
Ī˵ڵʵﲻﵽˣҲôɡ
ûô
ҶЦһУʩʩȻ߳ȥĿ⸴ӣƺѾҪſڽסҶЦſڣվûг
ǰ˰벽ҪڶҲûȥ
ҶЦٶȺܿ죬תۼ䣬Ѿʧڴſڡ
ԺٶȻָһƬž
ٹƬ̣Ų˳ڻ˳أԴ˼ɫ
ʦͽ˾վţһԲ
ãͬʱ̾һ
˵ģǲǺеʵ
ʣͽȴǱԼзȨģ
ǵġ˳ʵʵĵͷǣʦ˵ĻȻȻȷôֵģ㲻Ĩɱ


219 ܵ
˼صͷôˣֵģ
ǵġ˳ͷ
֮裬˵ȻᣬôҲһˣٶǶԣǶǲǣ¼ʵ
ǵġ˳ͷ
һϲǲǣʵ
ǵġ˳˼˳ŹԾͻش⣬漴ͷֲԣæҡͷǣʦǵģ
ɵѾͷɵѾͷ̲סЦ˵ǹ⣬Ů˽飬ˮޣԡǵϲˣҲûʲô׿ʦͽϵ֮⣬һŮˣѵ᲻֪ŮǶôһңҪһǻԼô㣬ңǿ飡
ʼǲܵģ۴κݣκǲܵġ˳ͷЩɬ˵ʦҳڶĸоر𣻲飬ԼҲܶһЩ
Ȥ˵Ŷ
֮ǰʶ˵ֻһżȻżȻĻᡣ˳Ի󣬵һգҰظУҪ˵ܹΪǻ⹦١ʦֵ˹ؼʱ̣Ҿϲ֮࣬ȻҲ͹˲Ůҵ棬һԡ
ȻͷβʲôûпʵҲûǰȥ֣ʼǽӴҵӡ˳ϼɬ˵ͽ壬ڴ֮ǰĪҪ˵ǿҲûйġκεط
Ͱ͵˵ţͽΪ֡˻׾Ҫ޸ˡŮʵ޴⣬ȵһʵطϵʱȴ֣ҾҲһ˲ĸܡʼǵһӴˡ
һ֡ݡ߾ĸоɡ˳϶˵ʦܹ𣿡
ʵϣҸ֮䲢ûʲô˽⣬ҲûиĽӴͷβҲֻһĸо⣬Ӧûھϲɡ˳ȷ˵š
ü΢һ֡¶ĸоɣ
ʦͽ˶һȷĿ
˶Ǹû£ܹף
οսǱߵ۹ڵĳʵ۹νǾ˵õĶȥֹϢսȥֵ鱦󣬾ڲ֮ǰѾ½Χʾȫֳ֧ʵ۹Ըһ˵Ѿڱ˴˵жԵĶλã׿ɹⲻ̸Ҳעǲܵġ
˳Ц˵
̾˿
˵ĳһ죬˻Ϊ˴˶չƴ˳ĵ˵Ȼϲˣô˵óôó
ٴ̾˿ոĿ֪ô꣬Ǵûκһλӿɣ
˳һ죬漴Ȼ˵ǵģҲҶԼһֵĵطΪʲô˼
ΪʦǿԻش㣬ŮΪüݰ쳤̾һҲ޿ɺǵ顣
˳ɫһ죬漴һףҵ֮ȴû̫رľ̬ȣֻǾ޵ӡĶǲģ룬ҲԼ˵ģòֺһŮˡ˵ûҷϡ
¶ȻǸΣյһˡ
˳һ£漴Ȼ̾˿֪֮ǰǼٵģڵݣҲǼٵġңҶ֪ڵ׳ʲôӣʵݵ˭䡭
ˣ˵Щͳͳ֪
˳ͷ
漴ͷȥ
ص̾˿Ѿͷ˺Ϳܲ
Ȼ˼ҳʲôӶ֪ͼԼһȫ̶˳ȥ˳ϣֱǷ˼š
˳ţ̲סȦˡ
Ϊ뵽ԼԷ֮㺣ܴӸ桢κ˵ǲܵġ
ʦͽԵʱңԶ
һƬֵδɽ֮С
һ
һź뵸Ũĺ֮ƺӰӰ´һˣȴֿ˵ݣҲΣӲ֪˵Ů
ɥġһħ
ƹ
ԣƹ֮УһЩ۾ɱˣɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ
ƬƵ뵸쳣ҡ
Ȼһּ˵˲ȶֱ꣡


220 
ֹһʱ䣬ͻȻһȵ˼ġף
ƺĳͻȻ飬ֲֻǲ֪Ӧԡ
֮࣬ȴЩɳζ
ٹƬ̣źͻȻ䡱һը̣˷۶ȥáۡݻǡƶٶ֮죬ֻ͵˳ȥ
ͻıʣ䡱һ죬ڰķѣ
һĳХӺȻһѪۡһ˳ȥԴ͸˹ǰİʯֻһɫԲԲ͸С
һ̣һӰ
ӰԻصľƣֱֱĳʣͻȻһ죡ѵҪƮƹô
ǵӰХһ֮࣬һܵ粨һļٶ˷ɢȥͻȻ䣬ܵȺɽȻ
ʯƵķΧ˲·Բǧؽ磡
漴ʮӰһش湬Ⱥ֮гŻڳŰĺϸӰһ󾪻ʧ롣
ôһ£
ϯǿߵĴϣôͻȻ裿
һֱúõڹôͻƽô
ôͻȻ˹
ϣǷʲô£һĳ˹ȥ
ˣ
ϵһƬ֮У顣
ո˵֣ȴͬҵ˶ҡҡ׹ӿˤȥ
ˣ
⡭
Ǵڼ
ƹʧȥ˴ϣôƹ޷ӹڵϦ֮䱻Ϊƽصˣôû£ΪԼס
Ǵûˡˣˡ
ϣ׷ʲô£˲֮żʵ
Ȼ֪ϲƽԼԼȴǴһ룬ϣֻΪƿۣᵱ䡣
ɣϵ֮ûбˣֻ޾Լʣ
ƽǵĮ
֮ŵ棬ȴܹϤΪҽ
ɣɣ˴ľ
ǵģԭҵʱ⣬ֻҪܹ֮ҵҾܹһǧꡭұΪܻʱ䣬ʱϣȻ٣ȴҲδؾҲ
ڣ٣ҸղʱͻȻ⵽ɣĪشҵ֮·¹پǰԭ񣬾ֻһ¶ѣ
ϵ˵ƽþͺһ׿ˮ
ͻϢȴ˾ľ
һ£
ǿػϾҪˣ
ȸһ䣬ǣ֮£Ȼ֣ʱ򣬹컨׹ȴ˵ʲôҲµġ
һ֣򶼻֪λ֡ѹƵ¸־ƹػѾȥˣ
һĵҲͬƹߵĩգ
һϦ𣬾˵Ц
ȥɱѩ磡ǲټΪ֮ɡһХӳ𣬺̴˷ۣ˲仯˴֮ƣƺƵŶȻȥ
ԶԶأһʵĳХⳤգ
죡ΪξͲϾƹӣֽӦĩ·Σ
еı֮飬ƣ
˶ܹó֮УǷݱ޿κΣһּȴΪľ
ϲûٶ˵ʲôֻ˵仰ǡһ䡮Ϊ֮ȴѾࡣ
˿ʹȥĺƣһԶȥ˶֪һȥֻҲû֮ڡ
Ҳ
ȴþòԸȥֻôճյţŶȻϵӰŲ
ֱǱ˶ʾƬ֮仯Ϊ޾졭
ζţĻɽĳضͬʱ
Ƭ죬౻Ⱦ죡
šѾˣ
Լʱ䣬ƴأȥԼв
ŮһʱͻȻӯʹʧ
û˴ƹΣ
ûƹ¼䣬ʲôطܹΪҵŮһ¹
ʧʹޡ
ǲߣ
ǲߣҲߣ
Ǿ͵һ죬Ϲȥ֮գ˱Ծһ죬ͬھ


221 㵽˭
Ǿ͵һ죬Ϲȥ֮գ˱Ծһ죬ͬھƴһˣҲŴϡһһȥѰϵıӻɡ
һʱ䣬Ʈƹ޾ʹ
ߵĺɫһһҹȻͻȻһ춯صıը

漴һĳХƺǴ͸˲񷡣
Ȼһع龲ţ
ƺƬضĬ
˭Ҳ֪׷ʲô¡
ϣ񾿾ˣ

ȥˣ̽һ´ս֮Уһ׷ϸĿΣһҪ̽ĿǰϢ
ȶԥʮӰһ볤գᣬһƬ챼ȥ

˿̣½
˳ʦͽѾĬһ롭֮裬ʦͽ˼죬Լ£Ȼ˭Ҳû˵
ڣǱ´һƬ
˺ܾã˵ǽ֮£֮ɡΣ¿Ƭ̣ص˵
˳ɫˢһӱ˲Ұףʦðɣ
һҺγ֪ãƱ˫ϵˣ˶ƹ̫ҪˣƲʧ
ڱ˵仰ʱĳһһӰһ漴Ʒӿ֮䣬˫ȻȻôץסռ䣬͵һ֣
Ӱһ롣
Ȼռֱ˺ѣ
ͥԺС
˳ɫΪѿ૵ʦȴ֪֮˹ͷ֮Ӳ֮ᣬԶԶ󣬵գгһַȻҳֶҲ޷Ϊռʹĥ˶е֮豾ȴʼղȻڻǲһۣӲǱס˫ϵѻΣֻ˶е裬߶ԾˣŸոյõһϣعˮ
ĬȻβŵ˵ȷ˾Ӳ
ʦͽͻȻоһ𵴡һʱ侹ȻЩͷĿѣ㲻ȵĸо
ͷգȻȻ֮һ£
»Ȼ̧ͷɲô£
˳ͷ֪ѵˡ
ԲǡĿأĴѲ۵ǿҵľ衣
Ȼȴûз֣ʱһһӰӣȻԺ䷿ϡ
ʵôվǣȴûһ˷Ӱ١Ӱһȴ˱£Ŀ¶һ˿һɫ
ڻҵˡ
ʱ䣬ü
ֻ˳˵һ˵ס˷֮裬ɹͷˣΪרʱ򣬵ᾡľô׿ֲ飬ֻ˵Ȿ˵Ĺ٣Ȼ˷ȴҪ͸֮ײܽ룬ֻ֮²ͬɣ
Ҫһ仰ȴʱˡֻ˸һ£֮ײܽ٣
ʲôأѵǡ
˵ȷʵԽĴ⣬һ壬ǾԲ˼׵ġô֮衭ʱں½
˳Ȼһ֪ΪΣڵìܣԼôԸ֮裬úܿ֡ǣҪ۸һ£ȴǴﲻԣ߾ȫķԡ
˳Цҵں½Ǻ£ʼǵͼλ棬˳ûǸ㱣رŻܣǱ˴ڱ㽨Ѻùϵӱţ֮ˣǳҪġ
ȵԻܵǿʳĲпΧʱֻҪʱԮ֣ؿɵõ˵ĸмʱ߾ͲǰǺʱΪʵҲӦ࣬бҲ˵ʦĹ٣²ǰҪļ¡
˵˳ǳˡ
Щ㯵ǰ״γһЩ˸һ롭Ͼ֮ס
ϵˣǴһ˸һ¡
ĸ֣ƺͬЩС
֮ס
ϸؿǿǰɡ˳֪Լʦ˼ѾҡˣæһѻһŵѾ⣬ǰ;ָտɴʱǾڡôʦ֪ˣ治֪жġҵ˼γʦ˼ͬͬ
֮еĲȷȻֶ˼֣ȲҪ˵ˣΪʦϸһ롭
˳˵ȴĵ̾Ϣһ
૵˵Ϊʲô鱦ľΪʲô鱦Դδκε·ԣΪƫƫʱȴǣ½ս֮أ
㵽˭㳤ʲôӣ
㵽ʲôݣ


222 ˭׷ң
˳üͷһʱ侹ȻЩȻ޴롣
Լϲô
ȷ
ǣϲô
Ҳȷ
Ҫǣ׽ԣȴǺҵжԵġ
ɱҲϲ
Ҹô죿
˳һ̵鵱渴ӵ˼㡣
ⲻ֪ȴҲͬĸӡ
ʦͽ˾ôվţ˭Ҳû˵վԭԼ¡
뵽ˡԼҪҪȻһɣ
˵Ƚ˹֮ԼҪȥһ˾Ǳߡ
ôˣ
һҪһʡ˭˵ˣ
ô˽ܵô½أ
¾վţ飬ĳ̾һ٣Ǻ£Ϊһˣ

ϵԭҪģ֪ΪΣԥһ£૵˵鱦󣿷֮裿٣
仯磺֮סУ޾ĸӡ
漴һΣɫۻһƬƣôƾʧˡ
֮鳬ʥ֮

ҶЦһֱ߳뿪˳ڵլǾмֲ˼飺ôôˣǾȻûץ
ûҽ
ڣҾôʩʩȻ߳Ҳû׷
ô£
ʲôأ
Ҳ̫̫߼ô˵ͨɣ
ҶЦʱŭȻһģһȴҲǽⷢӡĽһɳŭһȥӡ
ܳɹ뿪Ȼã㲻ҲԽ̽Էĵڣ
ȥԼ൱Ĳ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼû˺Լô˳˳ˮ߳ǸԿԳƵ̶ѨΣڣ
ʲô˵أ
ɹ뿪ˣ
ôͳɹ뿪أ
Ӧôװɣ
ڴˣҶЦĵľˣ֣һֱ鱦󣬻ڳ
ҶЦɶԷʹܹݵļҪϤԼԼϳڣص鱦һ·ҶЦʶӵޣһû֣
ûзֵĿԭжһȻǶԷ׷Ϊ߳Լ̫࣬Լû֣㱻ҶЦˣԱ֮ʵȻ߳ҶЦ̫̫࣬ʼղ֪ҶЦ̣ҶЦ̫ʵ׷һԪСϣȻô׷پô׷٣ҶЦûзֵĿܣȻҶЦĹЦЦյΪҪԶڱ֮ϣֻǷ֮£ԿԲµ׷٣ǽȴûκη֣
һܾͼˣǾѹû˸٣
û׷٣δ̫˰ɣ
˼ҶЦȷ׷֮ص鱦Ϊ˰ȫһҹûлؼңǾס鱦
ҹһҹ޻˵ڶ磬ûİ鱦˼˼ʯ֮󣬾뿪ˡһ̣ǿĴš
Ȼ鱦һ̣ͻȻ纮һضһ¡
һȫɣͻȻļһ¡
ҶЦȴʱо˲Ծ
ľʾ֮˿в֮ڰԼ
ԼĿǰΪѾǳӽԪΣֻҪٽһԪ֣ԲԵ޹ʵĴ£
ôʾұ˶ˣҶҵȫʵԶϣԷ־˳һϵҵϸ⵹ǲ⣬ˣȴǱ¡
ȻʵԶԶ֮ͨǰĽӴȴеκۼѰȻ׷ҵ˲Ǳ£ȴ˭أ벻˳һ֮󣬳˱֮⣬˸ֻ֣ǣǵôˣҵķ𣿡
ҶЦߵһ䣬һͷ𣺡߻һֿܣղŻһλ֣ڼԶĵط˫ĿżȻһֻۣܹһҶµĸ֣ʵֻҲҪڵԪƷϣ
ҶЦ˼ţΣұ˶ˣʵǹ·ĸ֣Ҫһֱҵ׷ߡǹ·ģҲͰˣһֱңһ·صҶǾȫ¶ˣ
һˣϡ
ҶЦԼ⣬Ԥϣûκα仯ŤŤӣһ·ԡ⣬ֱǰλƵԳ˲ڴŲνС
Ӱ
ԶһӰעһһ૵ӦþǸ֮ˡôô
һ·ҶЦĶӴͷߵֱ棬룬ͣסͷȻֿʼŰߡ



223 ܵô
Ӱеסզˣػصߣѵвô
ġҿɻûô졭
ȻͿҶЦλƻλ߻鱦󣬻˲ֽȥˣ֮β
˰סȣ֮ʶ鿴һ£һΡֻλ֮Ŷȣ鱦
̬ޱ⡣
ԱһҲѵһľӣֱ͸ʮͷƤķһҲƣȴһЦݵź򡭡
һźһ߾Ȼڿƨ
ϲİķУǸ֮ȻܵšһƮƮȻӣʱʱĻЦĵ־
⵽ô£ĵЩˣղŷѾ߳ˡһ߳ȥ˺ԶȴֻȾ֣
˵Ϊ򣬴Ҳܹŵýȥǰ֮˵Ϭ
ǽ¯࣬ǳ˿ɱȡ
ȴҲûиף֮赽׵ĵڸʲô
ѵ쵽˲Ծܣ޿ܣ΢ĩΪһ꣬Ҳ϶Ϸֲҵģ

پƣȵգһֱȵ˻Ƴϡ
ðпŵǸ˼ҧ
ĳһƣжõĳ嶯Nγͷ
쵰ȾƾͺȾƣôССһƣ㶼ʮξȻȲɣôһ£
㻹Ǹô
ڻƳϣʱһ·ббس鱦
ڵȵ˾ƣеעһԸ쵰Ҫٸʲô۶ӡ
ôԸΥ
ôεʱ򣻾Ϳλҡҡλεһͷײһεꡣ
ȥ֮ѡѡȥѡȥѡģģģ޵󣬺ѡˣֿʼۣ˵ۣԭ֮У˼ҽ˰ʮӵĶĳȴҪߣ˼ҲȻô򣬴ӶһֿʼǣһһֵǡһȻ۽һʱʮǮɽ
еöӶˡ
ۿεƹףβ²˼ƹ϶ҲǱǵ÷ˣɴⱾҲˡ
ʵ
͵Ǯˣ
Ȼּλһ·ʩʩȻߣһ·ϾȻøķڶ䡭ӹֵȴǣ˶֮࣬ȻڳĶʺָͷ֮һꡢһȻҪָͷڱһš
Żеλ̲סˣڷߴνָͷڱǿϸŵʱһƫͷ³һڿˮ
ʵ̫ˡô֮ءף˸ɾеλ־ԽطһҪɱĳ嶯
漴ۿλ߽һ֬۵꣬漴߽һұꡭ
ʮҵꡣ
ÿһҵϰ嶼ĳ˵ѲͿͣ
ɫеĵ궼ˣһܻܿҪһ·ȥ
һҡҡλεشһʯ˳òֶʯʯĹ̡˱۾ǲˡֻҪһҪɱˣ
ʱȻҹѾһˡ
ҶЦվڴػⲽȴϸظӦ
ȷʱ£֮ǰֿܵκ֮һԼĴ׷Լͳסˡ
ҹ˾ֻԼһˣֵʱ
ȴʼûκζ
֤ʵˣԼĴ
ҵĴɵüסˣԭҲǰٷУҲģҶЦһ漴鿴һΧ͵ȫΪʱչһЦģﳤȥ
ݣ
ʧڵء
ôʱûؼңڼҵ϶ĵҪˡ
ҶЦߵúܿ졣
϶Ѿûʲôˣ˼ҹҲ˷ֵԼټ
Ա۾Ŭĳ˵Ĳȴƿ𡭡
æһȴִⷢϵķ˿̾ȻѾȫʧӰӡ
һ̣Ȼͬʱȷһ£쵰Ȼǲ֪ô׷٣絽ڵеΪǹġ
ֱ˿̣ӦԼڲעŷĴ󵨵ļԶ
Ҳȫͨˣһӵ鱦һˣôЩ׵ĵͼСһۿô˸߲ҡִ˲ƣ
ϸƽϣƬ½Ǯ˰
ֻǡܣΪ͵ܵô


224 ξİԹ
еһЦʶˢһɢȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǳǣȫʶ֮¡
Բǧؽ磬һʱ侹˺֣©
һоƿ֮У
Ȼʶչһ˲֮ʶȫջأ֮Ϊһߣֻںҹ֮п񱼵ҶЦ
ǹؽʡʶ񣬶ǡ
һûȡ
ͨ죡
޳ܣ
޺޵
Ϊڸղһɨ֮䣬ȻԡŮ˵顭
˶ʱ͸о˶ˡ
мɫڱŮ
ߣ
ʮ˲ɢȥεɱǲ֮ͻȻڳǳǸλ١
һҹŮӵɫǶǣۡ˲Ϣ֮伦Ȯɱ
ֻǱŮһˡ
ҰѶ˵ŮǶ߳ȥʱ򣬾Ȼһ·˳ûκ衣иˣҲڵһʱ䣬ûü֣Ѿڷ
һҹǳǧٶˣͬһʱΪڷ
ÿһ˵״ͬԴȻȴѾһԡòʵÿﾡѣλøһŽ״
ٲóֶΣ
ǵ壬꣬Ҳһ
£Ϊǳǵǧհ
һֱ˶֮ʼţΪɫÿһɫȶʱȴͷǿ壡
Ůˣͳͳļ֪ȴֹһǰףͬɱ֮
ƮȻ𣬶ԼⳡϢѪɱ¾ƺҲûзϡһһ㻺Ʈϰգһ߽ҶЦ
ߣԭȴǽˡ
һһƮ
һ̣ѾվҶЦķϣ
Ȼ
һУеҶЦǰҲûв
ίʵ˵ΪѾȥɲ⡢뻯ĵز
ȻǰЦ˵ΪȣҲǴ硣
ҶЦص䣬ξڵȺ򣬹Ȼǵȵüˡ
㵽׸ɶȥˣزŻξɫܲÿס
ʵڲԹξԴӴֶ֮ԽԽûһתҲˡ
θףʧһҹ
ȣҶЦһ˵ҡ
£ξŭ˵ǿˣСֻҪ˵֮ǰȿԣҪ˵ѵǰ࣬Ͻ˵ʵ
ҶЦȻԣǰࣿ£
ξʱȵСƿСȻҪǰŪƨһҾ֪ҪĻСģٿԣͲǰ࣬Ƿˣ
ҶЦһͷߣĵУһĽ̻壬ԺȷʵǲܿˣɶʱĻëأ˵ôԸëˡ
ʵ졭ҶЦһ˵֣ס졣ĵô˵
òû˵
ѵֱ˵˵Լ˼ץˣôԼôģЩǺ󻰣ΪξƢֻҪԼ°߹϶˵ֱɱȥǰ϶ԲҪɡ
ʵȥԭҲûɶȴڡǸµŮǿ󣬾ʮʮξҲǸȥֱӾ
Ҿ鲻ãȾƺȵˣովѲãҾͻˣһ㶼û顣ҶЦ˵˵һȣ
ֿˣǾ˵ˣξŭһ˵Сӵ׸ɶȥˣ
ҶЦſڱҪԲѣ漴죬ĳͼʵ̫ˡ
ȣҪࣿСӾܲ˵ôѵ㲻˵ѾͲ˵ôξһ
ҶЦȻ
һ̣ȻԴ
ӣĵûˡ
ãξε̾˿ͬԴԴҶЦ˵ڣԺȥĶ²˵ȥĶ˵˵ȥ೤ʱ䣬вҪˡ
֪֪ʧٵһʱ䣬ҶڼݷҶˡΨɶ¶
ξòƶЩĿˣϵ㵱ĸμϵ⣻ƫƫҪȫʲôҹ壬Լƨɾˡһˣϸ첲ȵһ޷ǻԵĻⰡôҲȻҰ˸ܼҵͷ˭ҵĹܼȥѵԼүһù㡭ȴֹܲ㡭ַҪ㲻¡һôٵҪϵɵ鰡
ξͷԹؽеıôǷǸӶ˵ծôǷ˼ӲһծӴιҵүզͲۿ


225 룡
ξԽ˵ԽǾñԽ˵ԽǾʵûˣգ޹⣬ûָˡ
˵ʱ̧ͷһֻӦǰ̻ҶЦȻ֪ʲôʱûӰˡ
أιܼ
ҶЦڣδȵĴ
˼ǸξѾ˯ˣǲҲϢȥˡ
@@##$t%%$$##%^^$#$%^&&$#$#$%&&ξֻһںͱ˹ȥ˵ôûˣʲô˰ôеˣֱǸٵϵҪٵ
δܼ̲סǧŰپȫȻͬĻ
ֻҶԺѻȸţ
ǺӰĵҲĪû˵ģҲúˮģɽХģǡûһʱɤźһ仰ظġҶĹܼң˷棬ֱһŵ˵
ҶЦסͷֻ
ĲǲͣûͰ
ôͣô˵أ
ֻҪ˵һͷǾͱѺȫгܹ
Щ飬ȴǾԲܹģԼˣξҲǲܽģ
ҶЦֻѡ֮󼪡
װ˯Ҫܾȵﴫ׵ŭȴͬħһ㣻濶ʮ㡣
һֱһʱ󣬲ξֵˡ
ҶЦһȥƣ˵׳ɽӡءƨƨû£Ī˱ĺá
ڿ˯ˡ
ҶЦ̾ϱӣȴǽ޾ռ֮Уʼ֪أǸоķңҲ޷
ҶЦоܲ죬״ڴ֮ǰûз顣
⵽ôأ
ǽҪ·
Ѿ·ˣ
޷ǱҶЦɴڴü˼˼һڳ⣿
˳Ժ䣿Ǳ£鱦ֻǡս֣
ܹԼʶԲȴҲԭ飬ʵָ
ҶЦ۶˼֮ɫȴа˼⣬૵ΪνľȻôң
ⲻ֪˿̷Ҳ顣
˿̵ҶЦͬ飺Ϊôң
Ǹ֮Ȼαװ¶˱ĿӵһӢ꣬ڴ顭
ӰĿⲻ˸ţţò⡣
׸ôźأ
໹һµ
һ֮ûлӻ٣ɡ
ҸС£Ȼ֮Ҫô죿
ʧȥҵǿ壬ɾͱȻһɢɳ⡣
ڻҵ߻һ
Ҫҵ½һº£ȴķ֣ԭϻһˣ
˻֮⣬ΨһԽӻٵİ취
Ҫȥûлֻѡ˼ף
ҲԼԸܵ顣
ôı࣬ôӸһزʶˣһһ˵λ棬Ϊͬһӣ
ȴʹã
ڷţҹķ˿Ž֮С

ҶЦһ˼ȴʼûͷٰ޼֮£ٶϥţ˹ƽľ֪ΪΣԽ˹Խ鷳ңԽԼҲ֪ûӡ
֮£̾һ૵춼ˡҹˡ
ϵԭվŵ͵һ
쾹ˡ
͵һҧȻ⡣
һ֣Ƭ֮䣬ԭѽֳٶޱĿǻ谵
ƴ˷۶ϤۼڳǳϿգգһ̾ǵĵ籩꣬Х£
ٹһ˲˵һӣҶЦķʱͱľء
Ȼڷҡҷһεȴȫ֣
漴һΣһһ˷䡣
ҶЦķ䴰ŽգԿȫûпûпţôһΣͽ˷֮С
ҶЦü˼ϣҵԼҵԭڣ⣬һʱ侹ȫûע⵽ԼͻȻһˡ
ֱһһѭȥ˲ŷַһˡ
˭ҶЦʧɫ
ˣȻܹùҵùҵ޾ռĸӦ
ȻԼʵСܷӳ޾ռʵǣܹһҲԲһϵĸ֣
룬ҲԪ߽֮ϵĳ֣
֮ˣǺ½
һλ֮ˣ
һˣôϢĵԼ
ʲô


226 ԥѾ
ȴδֻӶһ£УĹ⣬һ̧һȻͻȻϮ
ҶЦֻоǰһڣȫκӦ䣬ʹ˹ȥ
ǰ״̬֮еҶЦ˴ϡ
ȻһֻȴѾòˡ
ȻһһץסҶЦ
һϸȴ೤˲ҶЦľ֮Уֻõָ֮䣬Ѿ磬ҶЦںأ©˿ɼ
ԭˡѹܽ١
֮˷ƺ纣˸ӵ˼ĹʣȻԤе֮ˣڵˡֻǣΪγֵô
һ¡ֻһµʱˡ
ԥ˺þã˾ģһҧһ¶һ˫֣ȻҶЦ½󡭡
ڲҲڲ
ʼһźƺ棬źƣҲھҵĲ
ľ֣״ǾԲó֣֡塢ȶһ֣ǴԵı־Ȼ˿̵ȻΥ鲨ԥ˼㣬ڴˣ
ʱ˿̣籩꣬ξңƺƬضҪתһ㡭
һ¡˿мѵ촽ھҵĶţУˮ˸ôãҲںǡˣƹԺҪô죿
ǡҵס
ôܾôٵԼµףһİϣ
ǡôǾôˣôѡ񶼶ԣȴֶԣ
˵ҵĲУ㯣ɻ
Ǵ˿ʶ˿⸱ģܴ𾪵ûʹȥ
ΪԾûκˣȻʱһ档׵˫֣ҵĲţ⿪ҶЦŦۣһţţš
ҶЦţʲôֻ֪⣬ɰڲ
Ǹ׳Ϥ¶ʱ֣ܹоҶЦ¶ȡӵĲˡ
漴һ㣬һ£ͻȻס֣һװף૵ҡ
Ȼվ˫ס˵ϣġô죿ΪҪһӣȫҵļϣ
ҡ
ͷ죬һӿȴˢˢ¡
ʱ򡭡
ͻȻһЦٺ١
࣬ȴֱĪ
Ŀ籩֮Уʱʱӯĵ£Ȼش˺˵Ķ
˼ʱȻվ𣬾һ˲䣬ٱ֮ǰ¶缫ɽһɢűɱ
㣿
˵
һЦЦг˼벻мζ
˺һԼղѾǳǲ˷ûԼΪԼģͽ
Ҫ˵ʲôѾ˴⣬ͽУԼ
Ҫ֪䲻зҪһ㾫
ѩ磿㣿һ˵
䣬벻벻¾治УӣȻȺã󡭡ǺǺǣǧǿŮ˹ȻΪ˲ݣȴʼûжϹȴĺ˵ŮǿӣԭɻŮ˵ʵġ
Ȼۿ⴫˵ȻǰɽǺǣôһ۽磬۸
ŮӵһЦԭ򡢾ϱӱģҲǣ㣬רͼλ忡֣Ҳ޴֪þ֪һڱ컹ģ
ֻողҵɴһ췭ظɻҵٵһɽȻ̫ݶˣ֮󣬾Ȼ½ɻҹĿ࿴ˡ
Ůɫ˲ʱͨ죬޵ݡ
龰ȴ޷͡
һ𣬺һͻȻһּǵͬԱǿ漴һƣӷʧ
ѩ磡·㲻ߣƫȻҵңô֮ǰһµɣ
ɱɱǶˣ죬ʹϳѪծ
Ҫɱôϧһ߻Ȫ·ÿɲȥ˽˵ؽأǰ㣻ޡþͲŽˡ


227 
صããĻ֮Уһİֱʣٶ֮죬١
ͬʱһȻɱĺҲӰһģƴ׷ȥ
֮Ļ֮УһƬƬĿռ価ݣһռڶȻ֣ȴֽʧ
ΪѾ˼޷ģ
ɲӰӣգۼͳ嵽ƶ֮ϣ֪ôңԶľ룬漴֮ͻȻ䴫һ䡯
һ䡱춯ƺǺܴ󣬿һ춯½һ֮󣬾ԾҵĲһ£
ƣǬΪ֮Ϊ֮ҡ
֮б㲻ϵش죡
춯أزң
½еĸɽΪⳡͻıʶʯ½ɽϹ䣬𶯡
䲻ԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ򡭡
ⳡĸǷΧҲԽԽ½
УȻɼȮݺύ磬ȻǺɫģɫģɫģɫģɫġ
ȻǸɫȫ߲磡
쳣ɫڰвϵı˴˽ƺҪƬգƳһͼ
ܼһһظصģϵضѻһ𡭡
еˣͬһʱ˯һѣ
ֻҵĺ˲Ĳ²⣬ƺڳ֮Уبþȫƴս
ݣ
û֪Ĳ²⣬Ȼʵģֻ񷶥֮սˣȻŮˣǣ绪Ůˣ
þȫеֶΣɱ
һƳȥһһȥһѤ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾƲ֮ϽǧУ
˶Ǿһ
һ꣬һֱš
յҲʼûɢȥ
¡¡һֱھ춯ص쳹š
ƺܹһֱ򵽺ʯãⳡ꣬Ҳܹһֱµġ
һҹôȥˡ
һֱ˵ڶ硣
ģ޺תļ
Ȼʱ˿̣ɵˮȴԷԶؽҶЦĿռ䡭
ҶЦˣȴԾɴڻ֮С
һбʣȻ֪
תţһδεĳţյľ
һֱ˵ڶϣӿ޾ռӴˮ£ڡ䡱һ忪ҶЦסľ
ˣҶЦתˡ
һָǣͱıһ˸ȥô£ôͻȻôꣿôף
漴ҹ顣
һˣҵķ䣬ҵòƺܸӵ˵ȻҾͻȻʲô֪ˡҶЦü˼ţЩԼʲô飬Ψһ֪Ҳ֪òƺܹŹֵ˵
ȻͻȻоǰģͷʱŷԼ½Ѿ⿪žԡ
⡭ҶЦԼ¶ţЩ
ôһ£˴֮ػ⿪ҵ·ҶЦæҵĴӴɫЩ԰ףҡӲǱ˻ɣ
æԼ壬ȴַûʲô˹ԪҲû˿ʧһʱ䣬ҶЩˡ
զأԷôߵΪ뷿ͰҸΣҵ·϶ҪʲôغʲôûˣҶЦͷ˼⡣
ǰ˵˵ġûɣ
ѵνķ֡һ˵
ˡѵǱ£
ҹһƳûϳֻԼԼĸоϵϢ˳Ĳ࡭
ӦǱɣֻǡΪˣô˵ѾҵʵݣôΪʲô
ҶЦУ˼⡣
漴ǿ͵ҶЦȫע
ҶЦ¶վǰͷüңųݺύĹ磬ͬĩһ¡¡죬У𾪵ɫþòɢ
˻ֻΪүˣ˷شꡣ
ҶЦȴ֪ǰֿɲү顣
Ȼȫ޹أ
ǹʱ仯֣Ϊɵ˻
⡭λ֣ڳչһ۷弶ľս
һֲݵı֮ս
νĲݣһսսȻֻЯֻȪ⣡
иҪһ㣬ܹγƣҶЦжϣԼǰĸ֣һܹͣ
֮Ŀǰսˣκһ˵ΪҪǰԼ
Ҫֹ߳һ֣
ô˭


228 ƴ
νмҿŵп֣ҶЦڱΪȻ΢ȴʶ֮ˣȻܹһ˿Ķ
ɽȻվͨ쳤磻зӿ
ҶЦ֣޲֤˶ս˵ʵ
ǵǵԪǿߣҪǵԪ۷֣
ڣӦǵ˵Ԫ۷ΣҪ˰벽򼫷Σ
ҶЦпνĪ
ǰЦǿߣܹԼǿ˹ȻڣΪ٣˶ڸϡȱԴ֮оƲս䲻ᷢؼľս
½ȴһλľǿߣڽյս
ǳʲôԭʲôĳԹܹĳǿչļս
оǣλΪʲôƫƫҪ½Ͽս
ѵ˲½½ô
ʵ⣬ֱ˼
ԽԽ꣬ԽԽܼ׵磬ҶЦʼհ˼⡣
ֻǣȴȫûҪȥ˼
ȻǻǰЦ˿ͳȥˡ
ȻǰҶЦʵʵҲԶԶ˿̶ս˫κһȴӰȥսҶЦǰԪ߽׵ΪֻԹۣǿġʵϣľսνǧѵһԪлԵһۣʵĪ棬пܣܷŹ˴۽һս
ȻڵҶЦȴʵʵ̫ͣĪ˵ϲȥܹȥҲ򲻸ȥġĸսҶЦڵС壬ֻҪԲһߣҲҪҷˣٲ
Ҳû̫ʧϾ˵һսӸԼṩôˮ
ҶЦﻹɴֱߵĻ֮Уȫת񹦣ˮ
˼ϴȴһкû򣬾Ϳʼ˼򶷶ˮ
֮ǰǿռԷռˮЧȻѾ൱ǱϾûмֻǱΪЧȻѴＫޣ֮ˮѾǳһ죬ŨֵҶЦȫ񹦣νʱ˺ͣǺЧʵǿһ£ҶЦֻоһŨˮԿ֮бΪˮԪأˮռ䡣һλȡˮֱ֮࣬ӾǺŽ
ҶЦȫתɳصˮŲƬ̣ˮռ澹ȻѾӯˮٹƬ̣ӿˮӯˮռռǽڿʼʪۼģȻۿɼٶȣ۳һһտտˮ飬һһŵʯˮռǽϹš
ģһţţš
ԭˮռ֮УֻһˮˮҶЦ֮ǰһģν֮ףڣˮȴڳӣһʱʱ䣬ˮռǽϣȻѾˮ飬Լ
ͬʱҶЦ񹦾ҲˮĴӿԽԽ죡
ѵˮռˮĺ࣬Ȼܹ񹦵У
ֻ߲Ǻˮӿԭ򣬶ǴˮԪˮεĴӣŵ񹦵Ľ
Σ϶ˮӿйؾˣó۵ҶЦΪܣӵץȡ֪ɲǳеġһ˷ͻȻˡ
ôѵõĻԵҲͽȻֹˡ
Ͼǿ֮ļ֮սϵĿ
ҶЦԼ֪սòǽǧΨһһţΣڴһεĻᣬعƣôҲǼǧ֮ˣ
֮ܶս֮ǰԼܹնپն٣ȫԸ˿
ҶЦ缢ƿʵȫ˹ȫɳ֮Ȼˮ
ǺǳϿա
ˮŨһ£˿̵ĳʶǴϣƺӷһ㣬¡¡ˮ磻Щƽϵ͵ĵطֱӾѾһƬ
йͨٻһЩ⣬Ĺֱ֣Ӿһɽ鱩ӣһЩӣѾȫ硣
ȻϵĴԾֹ·Ҫûء
һʱ䣬綼ɽ鱩ķΧ֮С
ĿһƬ
սߣΪⳡͻıս
ΨбҶơ
Ϊ֮ǰѾú壬ԭȺȴˣһܸ꣬ɴֱӽԭû
ڱɲǺ¡
Ϊ֮ˮƱطïڽ൱ʱ䲻ȱٶţĸ˲ԭһϢĻᣬֻ²ԭȺǽڼ̵ʱǿ׳ӵԶԸ


229 ֮ս
Ҷ˧üͷסôô£ô¶նˣ⻹ûе

֮ϣսԾڳ
һһƶӰڿ侹Ȼ֯ǧӰ˴ݺύսü
ŮнһӣǧХȥŮеһҲǧɫĵƿնռи֧顣
ȻȻ˼ҵս˵ȴʼƽƽб飬裬ƮƮǾ˫ĽɫǷ绪Ůͬڿһ㣬˹ɱ
˫Ѿսôãһȫ֣˵ΪԶԭȽЩսˡ
ŮԾǺɣ˭Ҳ䡣
˭Ҳ˰벽
ѩΪѷһ˺Ů֮ʸ־ϴѩǰܡοɱǧ޵УעʷᣬȻŹԷ
ŮԼӣܹʱ̣ƽֱɱŵӻ߾ͻ˶ƾն˼Ҳ˵
ġʧȥѩɵҲעҪһǧɵģԱѣȻȻ˼ȥԸƹˣΪʵ죬ѱӷֵƹѹ
ѩ磬㲻ҵĶ֣αͽɣ˵
Ǻǡѩһ࣬һ֪ǿӵ޳ϰܣѩ䳰Ҫļˣ
ͨ죬ҧ澣㶮ʲô
ѩٺЦ뻹ŮҪ԰Ҫ࣬ĳһ
߷߽ӣһХ𶯾أȴҲܲסһͻȻȻըѣƬѩֵһնȥ¶ѩ˪ۣӽĵطһʺعɰȻĿ
ѩ磡ı࣬Ӳڣ㼸仰ҥ¾ƻģ㣬˵˾ɷѩţʲôʸǰ˵ĸ֣
ѩһ䵶ӣյɽһ˷ͬʱұǺȻըѣͬ¶һϸ۽׵ĸ첲棬ͬһ켫ΪĿ
ν޻̸֮û뵽ϾȻ˳ɻ֮ԣҪԴҡǱ಻Ⱦ׳ѵѩĲϣͲϲɣҿûɵ·ɣ
Ŀɫһţûѩļ֮˵ѩ磬ôˣίʵǽղ֪ҲһŮӡ֮Ӣۺûһˣܹѩŷô
˵Բţϸ˲ųǧ佣͵ն˿ռ䣬ݺύѩȫ£зλк
ǴΧ޲𹥻
ѩһС䵶ͻȻ䡰ˡһתȻС䵶ڿգųɫʣգۼ侹Ȼһʮɳľ޴䵶Ľһһ飬Ȼɽ֮ƵͷȻ䣡
ǿռ䣬֮һƬռڶڶıԵ̣
ٶ̫죬ֱȼ
е˵νӢۺܣһﰹĳˣ֮䣬˭ܹң
ȻĮĸ֮߰ȴȻأƥ޶ԣ
ĿΪ㣿ٺ٣㵽˿̻ǴӲ٣ûһ䣬òƾͲ˵ˣȻҪ׽ϴȻǿˣһϣǶĿ࿴
һ߹һҲԴ絶ⷽ棬ʸʰ·磬עⱲҲǸϲģԣӦ±ӣ±ӣԶԶҲǸϲġ
ѩݶۣжԣȴҲ߶߶Ľ˴̣˶NϴŮѩڮ٣ȴܽԺãȴԾӣ㿴ǽѩ磬ѩ翴֮Ϊ˾봫ԽȻ෴ĵòȻȴ˲βһ
ѩ࣬Ȼһӣǻʮɳ޽õؽǴ󵶺ݺݿ˳ȥŭѩ磬֪ܶ飬ͽȻʿ֮ʲô˼
ѩһУ󵶼ת֮ʣͻȻ仯һӨ貣ľ޴ɽ£ҵ۾ѵǰ裬ʵǰνǿ磬ʵ۹⵱治ǸüĿ㣬õ治ͦΣһԪ֮ӯһͯɣѵãؽҲǵгĿ棬ʶСҲΪϿġ


230 ̨
ѩ˶٣ȫȻѾߵͨĴɫأԼ˵ֻǣСЩǡΪҪǿƵ²ߣΪӴȫȻ֪µɣҲֵסȾɫŮĿգ͵͵ȥҪǿʵ³ˡ
Уβסıģ㣬ʧߣѵֻΪ̰һϦ֮䡭ˣⰡ
Բ˵£Ҳû͡
ԼĿԣӲ˵
֮ƣΨսѡ
촽ĿȻȴԽԽϬ
㹥˺ݾѵ뾡ֳʤǰԵ㵱ӢСɾŻȥδɵĴҵĻСÿʱ˱һʱ䣬ʱɹô
ѩǵϣһƬɫ¶ˣˣˣٴҲһԸȫĺءɲǵȲͨˡ
ֻǼ˵仰ʱԼȴҲ̲ס͸ˣ
Хһڱ׼ŭˣ
ɫչ֮ʣԻһزÿеɫצҡͷβѩ춯أס
Ĺ˻ֻһˣӽһ۳ɻֵľϵڿ֣չĹ
߷߽֮ʣѾܷӵ޵ˮ׼˼˵ĹƣѩѾ¶飬м֮޷֮ܣʱΪѷһıײڳչ֣ƵòˣмܷԼѣȻȴǱĵĳô˵£ҪսپȶԸңȥԸǸô
һԲϾǷŭ֮е⣬ҲѾûԭĵŭ
ɭȻɱ֣
أͻȻΪһеɱú
ԭصȻһһȻƵ
ĺӰһͻȻˢһ𣬺ȵ̨
ɭȻâǼʵʣ
ѩ״һӦŽͬʱˡ
̨ΪǿľɱУ
һ֣ȻҪ
ѩ磬ҲûκΰգܹһУ
֮ǰĻ֮䣬Ѿ赽˼ʸ־ҪȡڣֱӾͽ˵һǧ˰ٵܲ˵˳
ҪǣѩھҪˣȴҲ˲ˡ
ΪδֵϲʮԼһ㣬γܲ͸ĺΧ֮ƣε
ѩΪֻۣҪһ״κһͻΧڵĹؼȴڣҪܴƽķ֮Ȼһ˲ͣ٣ʱ˿̣һ˲ͣ٣ڽԼڵ֣
ֶԾһ˲֮ѶһУ
Ψһѡ񣬾һнȫһݣ
ǣҪһٽн̸ף仹սɢݽȻ൱˵ȫһ
˹֣˹ȻҪҲҪ
Ӱ˼Ȼϰգڿϥһӡ͵һ֡
һŸ޴ͻȻڿȻ֣
磡
ÿһϣ˶һŮӡ
ŮӵһݶׯʹȻȻֳһ壬߸ϵʡ
ͨ͸Ⱦ糾
һʥַĸо
ȻֵľŸڻתƺֹͣתȫһֹľֹ״̬֮УȻתҲ˾Ÿľƿ֮С
κˣĲٿ֡
ʩչ̨ĵڣѩ籬ΪڽнϤһٴ൱ȫһĽǣô̵ʱȴȻ֣ԼҪԵľ棬ǵû˿⣬ӵնˣԼܵĿһճ
ԼҪŲһ£ȻҲôǧѡ
ʱ佥ƣ̨תٶԽԽ죬꣬Ѿʼš
ԽԽζ֮ϵĿռ䡣
ѩӦ٣һΪٶһȴ̨ת෴ķչһϸ֫˵˼ٵת᲻ԼԼˡ


231 ܾ
ˢˢˢ
תĵһȦЩɬת˵ʮȦѾԲ磬ȫָɣȻԾûѳ̨ĿƷΧȽ˵ѾǺ̫ˡ
ĲϸתеҲǱԽԽһ£
һѵͻȻȻɢϼ⣡
ļС̨¡ͬѩһУ
ԴǿɱУȴǴûײǾڽʱաʱ˿̣ں½Ͽգͬʱ֮ʩչ˳
ѩʩչз˵˲䣬µľŸͬʱʢ
أ
ȴҲγһ޼᲻ݵУ޾ɱǵصֶÿһƬУȻڡĺۼ
պ죬޼
ͬʱ̨ϵľŸͬʱſ۾кâ䣬׵ͬʱƳ
ѩ磬ȪľͬУ
ѩ¶ŵı׳ϼֵ˲䣬ͬʱһӷɶ˻һ˾ŸİΧ֮У
˲ʱ䣬ض׵Ӱӣ
ԶӰƴһ
ˣԵлǱһ߰ɣѩ˵漴һ˭
ȻܣȴӰƴظϹڼ䲻ݷ֮ʳսȦ֮Уȫѩͬʱһȣ˾ܲĶչ޲𹥻
ˣǿǰѩ
ǸɴԼ壬ûʮӰӣγһϣѩ绤ʵʵ
Էз㣬֪ûа㶯ݡ
ʽ˿䡣
䣡
ɱУں޻ٵӲˡ
ƺߣոճλ֣ûüѾݳɻң
ѩߵλ֣Ǽ֮ǿߣȫȻֵһ˲Ȼĺˡ
ˣһ˷
һƴһһԼΪԴԱһϤը
ƴȴǽ̨ǿסһ˲
λнһȻһЦתͷѩ˵ûǡûǡ
û˵̨꣬ǿѾϯһҪԱȴǳԱӴѹȫѹƣûԱ漴ȥ֧顭
ûǡ
ѩ絶һٲһз
䡭
꣬һһͬʱƬ
̨֮УһſǰҵĳΪģ˷ɢȥ
顭
Դһʮƣûһգѩϣѩһ̴һţʮѪΪѪϸű䴫žžĹѵ
ľŸѾһۡ
ѩķҲھϡ
һſڣͬһѪͬžžĹ
ȻԾڿţעŶѩ硣
Ƹصѩ˼ǺʾͬҪһĿ
Ȼܾˡ
˴˿̶Ѿûս֮ΣʱһЯֻȪ
ȻǵʱԾ˭Ҳ䣬֮ĳ֮𣬷ǵûаԽԽң
ãѩס죬ҪһѪȥվûۡһ˳ѩ׵ϣԳ죬һѩغ÷
Ǻһ˵Ϊβ񹦣
䣬Ȼ𡣵ĵȴһ˿ΣãҲԼôصˡ
ȴ£ô㣿
ѩͷһס㣡ʡѪ𣡡
ؿһۣǲȻ֮գ
ȻתԪ壬Ʈ˳ȥ
˿̣ίʵѾսǿţֻܽ˴˶ѩ統ϣߡ
УС
ֻҪϻңϴѩ֮ա
˳˺ޣݣ
һֱ߳˺ԶȴҲûп׷ͷʱȴѾûӰ
ѩ˺һͷҲصĳ޾ա

Ҽסˣ
ֻǣ֪ǡ
תһ̣ԭɽѾشƲֱ֮ˤȥ
񹦸ɶҡѲܶãղǿΪʹһ̨֮Ѿȥ¥գ״ֻ̬бѩ绹Ҫ


232 һ
ղŲ֧ţֻǲ޵ǰʾ
վǳŲȥ
ѩתһ̣ѾһƬҶһ佫ȥ
һ·ѪǵȾ£Ⱦ˳ա
һֱǧɣǿָһЩǣŬòԪסԼӣǣεǡ
ԭ绽ݺ᳤յ۷ǿߣ˿̾ȻڿͣҲˡ
֪ǾôȥԼڵ״̬³ֻвҲ̶õķһ;
һ࣬޾£ôôѿ
ȻҪҲҪġ
һɲģһһεĴ߶Ԫ
һһε͸֧
һһεŬظڿжݵͣһ˲Ȼٿ¡
ǲ֪ظ˶ٴΡ
ĳڿз裬Ȼı۾ĵݺ£벻һξȻ˵ͼλ桭
Ѿҵ˴ˣΪȴһ仰û˵
ôţŶˢˢоŴصϢԽԽϾҪͷˡ
ľͷ
һ׵Ŀսոᣬʿ˵ˣߵߣȥ
ϧҶЦ֮⣬½Ҳ֪һ˹սԾɾⳡҲѵһֲꡣ
ⳡŵӿֱȱкǰĿǰƳ꣬öֻ࣬Ҫάָ죬Ƭ½͵óױˮûʵϣ½ԵݵĵѾˮ㸲鲻ᡣ
ⳡΪ֡ʼٸѾŰսֹգ
ʵȻֹĿǰֻǴһֹ״̬֮Уܷܿƽ˾
ϧȴǲ֪ǰĻҿ־֮С
Ψһ±仯ȴܲС
ҶЦ˿ȫȫˮʵδ٣ȴѾˣ֮ǰܺ˵ľҲȫʧˣһж˵һ£˵ľһս϶Ѿˡ
Ȼˣô϶Ҳǿͣˡ
֮ȻĺˮҲʱܾûˡ
ҶЦҵ
ķΧȻǶһ־һ֣վ֮УŬգȡɡ
ҶЦ缢ƿʵˮԪأˮռǽϣҲ𽥵عտɫıʯһˮ顣
ˣ
һΣϷ
ڵϡ
ˮռĵƤ쳣ʪģտˮˮ֮ԪؾȻôû飬ôʯһڵϹ
ˡ
һš
˶ˡ
ˮ֮ԪؾԽԽ࣬ҶЦⶣ˶˵ֱͬһö
տˮԽԽ࣬ԽǸоĻŭšĻ䡣
ҶЦܹоһεεˮ֮У̺żǿ
֮ˮ
㿰
Щˮ֮һ״ˮռĵ֮󣬱˴֮侹ȻںϣǧˮۼһԾûγɡڡ
Ȼ˴˴ӵһ𣬱һһεտˮ飡
һۿȥˮռ棬ͺɫ飬ѻһ𡭡
٣һˮ
쾰ҶЦҲĿɿڴεΪۡ
Ȼ治У澰Ȼǰ
ҶЦԴ澰̾ΪֹʱͻȻͷϡһ춯ƺʲô
ҶЦ˲ʱ̧ͷ֮ʣֻоǰһһɫӰԼͷ
⡭һŮ˰ɣ
ҶЦ񼫺ãһ۾ͿһŮˡŮ£˫۽գѪ
Ӧһ˵ġʧȥʶڻ֮еŮˡ
ŮػóóȻشյ
ʲô
Ȼ³ͻȻҸҶЦӦأ˿̵Ȼȣһλһӣһ˳ˮۣͽŮӴڼ׹֮еƽƽ˳ȥŮӵļ׹֮ȴǴľˣҶЦȻӦԵõȫԸԸеԼⷢǵһȻЩѾʡ
ҶЦһ
ʶ׹䣬ôô
ҶЦһңղԼݵֱȥӣֻ·ǵӲסŮӣԼ˫ˣ۵Ӧ֮ǵǰʵֶΣ
ֻǴ˿ȴѾһ˼ˣԾΪȣҶЦƽƽڿзеŮ·һס塣
Ȼһ˳ˮۣȻѾ׹֮תΪƽƣʵ̫ȻʼѾ˸ƫתмྡྷ棬˿̲ʲôطŮԾɻһغ޽ҡ


233 һ£
Ҫ´Ů㻹ҪԽһܹȫжȥྡྷ
ҶЦ֪аֻƽУ˳Ůӻеķ˳ıྡྷйԺɱȦŽǹɾ޴׹ʮ֮˾ţȴꡱһ
ȴŮ˿͵ķһʹƺߣһѪȪ͵ȥ
ҶЦĽ⡣
ԼѾ㾡ȫδȫŮ˵׵ȻĹͷڳܲסྡྷ𵴣Ȼˣ
ҶЦСģصŮӣڵתȦȷûκһྡྷ棬ſʼСĵĹŮ״
ղն״֮ȴֻоԼֻ־Ȼһֻץ˼ҵ̵ͦβһֻ־Ȼץǰ
˵ôоһҶЦֹһɵԼȺˡ
УĪͻȻŮصĽ֮ȻŮȫ֪飬ָгҶ֮࣬ǺЩڨڨ˼ġ
ϾȻЩˡ
ҶЦæŮӣСţԼķĿǰɻ´ꣻŮ˷ЩҪɵĿܸ귢ʲôǿɾûˡ
ԼϣҶЦſʼ壬һ鲻ҪҶЦԳȣ죬ǲɵõһ
Ů˵ˣȻѾص˼
£ѣλѪ¹ͷҲʮ߰˴
УͷòҲܹػ׵Եӡ
ֲʱ׵ˡ
ҶЦ̾˿
ԭԼСģδȫȴŮӵ׵⵽˼صĴֳ߿ռ׹׵ϲ£ҪлԼӦԵ÷ԼղӦһˤһˣ
ŮһϮͨĺ£ֻǻвٵطڲסұȫûˣƺǱ˺ˡ¶ѩ׵ĸ첲
ϸ
ڴϣһּ˳ĸо
ӦòʮɡͦССѾͷҹѾͷ󡭡ҶЦţͷ°ͣ૵СѾͷõǲҼϧš
ͻȻһȻ򣺡ҿ԰յսˣѾͷ͵ˡողŵļ׹֮ƶϣѾͷҲǴһǧɵĸ߿˭ġᡭ̵ģСѾͷɣѵ˵һλ֣
ҶЦԽԽпܡ
ʶִŮ˹̽⣬˲üͷ
԰ŮտҲϢҲޣҾüأ֮Ӧе͵ԡһȫȻûκΪͨŮ
˽⵽㣬ҶЦˡ
ҶЦı죬һǲǾ߱Ϊһ̽⣬
ǰŮӣ۴￴ֻһͨˡ
һ㣬ҶЦҶ췢ģ
֮ҶЦ뵽һɵ㣬ղǳսĵصھ߰ǧϵĸ߿գŮļ׹֮ͣȴҲֻ൱ڴһǧɻɸ߿׹ĳȽ֮£ŮҲ֮ǰս˫κһ
µˣһ˻껪Ůʲô˶˴ĳޣȻŰ
˴⸱ģ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һҪ˴ϸ߿գôߵĵط
Ҫǣȫʬ
ʼٸ߼ֱǡɥĲ˷ָ
ҶЦз֮⣬׻˵úãһǹ
οһŮ
ҶЦѪҲһɫ˶Լǰ
֮ҶЦץŮ֣Ϊ桢СԪȽŮһסǺӹ˵⡣
ΪؼǡŮϾҪˡ
ҶЦȡһŵԪŮȥȴŮҧȻȥ
ҶЦ˼ʿɲ̫ԴܼʱŮС룬ϣԪԼϣȥ
߶ɲռˡΪ˾㣬¼Ȩѡ˵ˣûҲ򲻹ҡ
ͷĲڣŮɶ
ҶЦһһ
Ԫ˳Ľ룬ֲԳΪһѪҲ͵سҶЦС
ҶЦæ̧ͷԴŤһߡ
ޡ
˺üڣĵ˼Ҷ˵ŮҲ֪ƯŮˣ֮ѪҲζ˱ǡŻ
ҵڼѻһů˲Ůߡ
ҶЦǡȻɢҩЧûԼ֮еôͼӰ


234 ոŮò
Ҫ֪ѰԪͨҲ׹ҩǵ񵤣ҶЦԤУ˵£ȻҩŮ㲻ŮʱȬôҲתΣΪã
ڵǣһ˲䣬ǿŵԪҩѾȫˡ
⻹ף׵ȴǣһƾȻֻ΢һɫڣҶЦһ㣬۲΢
ΪŮı״ȻǸղżһ˿ʱ
˸ȥǸղϸ鿴壬ֻ»Ϊʵһ֣ǿߡҶЦԳЦЦһŵ񵤾Ȼβ̥ˡ
ԪЧ̫΢Ȼظ岻ҶЦٴˮռȡտˮ飬֮ͽŮСȻּһԪϣͬʱֲƸ˫£ڣŮĺƽһЩ
ȻǴڻԲѵ״̬ٿԶάһʱ䣬ʱˡ
ۼ˳ЧҶЦһһŮһŮģֻͬʱȫ񹦣ģһĽԪ֮ɽŮ徭֮С
ԾڳѾܹԵĸоѾСࡣ
ҶЦһ˹ȴʱо˲ͬ˵Ծĵط
ΪԼΪһŮ壬ͬţ뺣һ㣬˲ʱ޼ҶЦһĵῴ˰ɣ
֮ٴβŮ徭ۻǰһŮȫûаڣ壬һѾൽµľͷ׮ӣȫް
աҶЦûȥƾ㽫ԼһٴΣŮֻҲҪ޼¡ԽһᣬĵԾΪȣԺ˵
˲仯Ԫһһ£Ըղϸˮһ룬ǽԪһŨ۳һһǿд̽뾭֮С
ľһһ޲
ȵΪ֧Ųȥ޲˵ʱ򣬾ٸһԪ͵տˮ飬޸ֲ
ظһ̣һֱһʱŽŮ޲òˡ
ŮԾǻԲѣϢȴǴ׳˲٣Ȼת࡭
Ů࣬ҶЦȴ۵òѣһƨڴϣڴ´졣
ҵүҴûôѾΪһˣ˻һûͨŮػ˷Ѿ֮ǰֻõԪΪΪ廯ȴҲû࣬£
ҶЦ˼⣬һֹ
һѺԻָһԼƣͣԸԪƼԪҶЦԣĿǰǺܺõģ˵ģ˵ظԪһԪɽĵ൱̶ȵԪȫȻֽŮһ飬Ԫʮտˮ顣
Լž͸㶨Ѿͷһʮţٵտˮ飬ʮϵ˺˵Ĳզôأ
һͨŮ
ɾôҩģŮǻԲѣﾲš
ֻǣһ˫ÿüëѾƺڻ֮УȻ޾ʹࡣ
ȴǺ󣬱Ͼղŵȫ֪ѾǱشδش
ҶЦ״һϲϢһ£ʼֽŮϵĶѵĹͷϸϸļȷһ飬Ȼʼӹǡ
ֹ·ȻǲеģŮ¶ѵĹͷõĹͷҪ࣬ҪһһλѾһѡ޵񣬸·Ūǳ˵Ρ
ν¼ȨҲͳˣȻҶЦеΪѵȴǣǰŮѵĹͷòƶҪλ߹ǡιǡǡȹǡ
ЩλĵĳСкΡ
˼ãһҧҴ˾Ϊ˾òΪ¼Ȩɲռˡ˵ˣˣûȥĻҲҵŮʲôǷȱһźӵġ
ҶһҲԼˣҲûʲô˼ġ
̾˿һСѾͷѵļֵǰеƽĻҲаٰʮˡүûһŮܹôֵǮǰͶʾôˣû¸ӹͷҪͶءԺҪź򲻺ңҿĿˡ
ˣΪҵŮҲƴˡ
дʣѾţŮϵ·ͳͳʱ¶һ֬һ壬覡


235 ոŮòã£
Ȼ·ѹˣȴһҲֱ̬뷨һ֡һ׵İںţֻϧ֮⣬֮ġ
ƯòƴûһŮ˵ȻܹôĺÿҶЦһ£оЩޡ
Ȼǰˣطϰ߰ߣⲢСҶЦѾЩ˺ȫûˡô֮컯ľޡ
ȣѹ˶šҶЦ˰죬ȻƺԼڴ֮ǰҲûмκŮ˵塭
ⷽʵȫû飬һѡ
Ǻϵ£ҶЦҶӿʼˣңѾһ֡ⲻˣҵŮ뷨
һæֹȥóʱ䣬ȻֱӾŪ˴硣
ξһΣ⺰һɤӣҶЦûֻ˵ԼȻȥξֹˡ
ô꣬Ҷ֮ҲĶҪʰ
ξλܼҵȻҪԴĸһ飬Ҫܼһְʵ
ꡭ
һ΢춯֮࣬һѵ߹ǣҲѾҶЦŲƻصԭλã˫ִ˼ҹǰÿ
ȴǰѷ΢΢ѩ׷ۣĿġĶǣҶЦʹؾһ£ֻôʮ㣻ͷȻһʱѪţͨ졣
Ůʵ͵ԼŮˡҶЦͷѾ˼ƷǵɣҪһѣ뻹ǲ˼˳˿ޱŮôסˡ
룬֮ˮڶԿڵιŮС
ˣһһֻҪаҵʱ䣬ͿԻָ˰ɣ
ҶЦһһµĿо
ϵŮԾɴڻ״̬ɫѾչ࣬ƺѾûôʹࣻɫȻɲҰֽѾԿѪɫ
Ѿȷݵˡ
ôţ㷢΢ЩҵͷһЩ˿ڶͷȻ˴ȴ˸һġо
˯˵Ů񣬰ƽϲ֡
΢ȱѪɫ촽ʱʶ䶯һ£˸о
ҶЦ翴ϡ䱦һعһᣬվԼͷ죬òάһѾ˽һ죬ͷӲ˵˵
Ӧÿ˰ɡҶЦ߳ţʦ׼һЩҪԵĴʲôģȻӱдһҩһλѪȥץҩ
ξüˣô£ˣҪﱸҩ
ҶЦЦЦͻ龭һ飬ֵѾͷڻԲѣҲǹˣ˵Ǹˣһλߵ׵ĳ֣ĸΪλһ޸֮Ůôݵ֣
ξ˼죬ȴҲǲ֪Ȼüͷ߽п˿ı߳ͷŮ޳治
ҶЦͷɲôҲţȻôĳң˺˳ȥҲȫԷȻбɱ֮ģߣŮ㿴Σ
ⲻξ˵ŮȻ˻ԣȻܿóٶׯüĿ飬ǿǱı󣻸֮࣬治źҲãԺ⣬ҲշһСôⲻʲô˵飬˳¡
ҶЦЦһСʲôģԺ˵˼һ֪ͬⲻͬҶء
ξӵ۾ĵֵõͬ⣿Ǿ£ҶˣͬҲͬ⣡¾ôˡ
ҶЦͷһģһ˼ˣԸŮҲ֮飡ˡôҾֻܽ͵͵ߣ֪
ǿŤĹϲԼ׵ġ
ҶЦôǿһŮԸ顭Ҷи߰š

ţˣ㸸֮ǰһֱͬŮξͻȻüǰҲˣܲԼ賤ǹţ¶ҲνҸ˵ɡ˵Ů޵ȷǳòҲͦϧġҲܹɣҼ
ξ۵
ţҲֿҶЦͷ
¾ôˣ˵㣡ξһӣǰ˽ۡ
֪ΪΣξϣҶЦĵ׾ȻЩϲζ

ˣλŮӾҶЦĴϽ˯졣
ҹʡ¡
ڿɼҶЦѾûиõӦֶΣҲֻÿΪͨһ¾ÿһΪһ塣ιһЩˮҩ˶ѡ
˴ڻ״̬֮УȻȴ޷ֹҶҲ˼ҴĳЩ˵顭


236 
ҶЦʱҲһ£Ůӵȫ£ûɶطûˡ
ҶÿտŮӣʱ̲סȻ̾ŮŮôͳȫźءô
ֱϡ
ҶЦڴǰ̽ŮӵľʱȻŮӵƤضһ£漴Ƕһ£ƺҪ۾ȴôҲþȫŬҶЦܹĿŮӵƤĺۼ
ôҶЦæȥ̽ʵ
ŮƤᶶãڳ
һ˲䣬ҶЦԾظоһޡ
һ˫۾أ
ͬһ䣬峺ģ鶯ȴƺ˫棬̺ǿաһ֮£̲סʧС
ˣҶЦʵ
Ůӻ۾ʶգ£ͻȻ¶ŨصɫֵҶЦģоȻֳһĿ־塣
Ƿݿ־漴ͱ㯺ȫ档
ֻʣŨŨĿ־塣
ΪŮȻ֣һоôİңԼƺһУһУ
ôᵽ
˭
ʲôʲôҼ
еһУԼȻͳͳĶǵˡ
ŬҪſ˵ȴԼȻѾþȫȻ˵һ仰һ֡£һָͷˡ
ڣֻҪһжͷͻĪʹʹ
ԼΨһĶҲ۾գգ۾תת򣬱۾
˶ѣ
֮⣬ƺҲѾԼģľľģȫûа֪
˭ôôӣҡ
ʽȴȫò𡢽ͣ
Ůп־ɫԽԽŨŬҪ˵ȴʼ˵ֻƬֻģ㯵ģ־ǰҶЦȻ󣬾ٴ˹ȥ
ҶЦ˼䣬㼴ˣҲһΣ㻹Ŀǰ廹̫άϵһæٴ۸Ǻ
Ȼļƽúܡ
ҶЦʼ޾ռûгҪҶЦƣЧ̫֮עƷ࣬Ӧķʹ´ࡣ
ĽչҲϲˣڿռ֮ˮȻ࣬ռҲīȥľռ䣬żĹ򣬾ȻѾʼѿˡ
ڤʱͷŵĺǵûǿЩγһɱռѹȥơ
ռĽ֮ԽԽࣻĿǰѾۻ˺ôһѣʱӴǿչ˲֪٣ò˵иܾǺãġ
ҶЦԸ̾
ֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ȥʮռЩĵرʯ¡
׻˵úãǮʹĥ
仰һҲ٣ٷְٵԣǰʱ仹ҪȥѰ٣ڣֵĽǮÿһǰ۵˾ȻҲǳˮʤﲻ
ھȻѾֱڼˡ
ҶЦò̾Ǯ˵ίʵǲɵֵջ
˵һ仰Ҿǲ룬룬ȫҳһڻƽ𣬹ȻٿһŮѡᣡ
޾ǲǴӲμӣ
Ļ鱦һ֮ھҪӴϰò飡
仰ҶЦȻ֮Աǣ仰һߵɱһӶĶá
ϰ亹ĶӣȻıӰá
ü춼档
˵ȻԿ󣬵ҶЦʱȴҲᵽ˽Ǯ
˵׽磬Ǯܵģ
ռǿŵʱ״򲻶ֻǷˮľ֮
ֻǵҶЦȥʱŵͲκεķӦ
ʱҶЦһִǾǣŵֻ˵ڸԼ
Ĳǡ
㵰Ĳңһء
㲻һŵô
Լʲôõˣ
ҶЦȻںæԼģûµʱ͸ɴǿŵԱߣֱӶŵ
ЩžٶҶЦ֣ⷢǿŵԱȾ°빦
ֻҪٽռ䣬ҶЦֱһƨĳԱߣǱһһһһ롣
ĳ˵ΪŵΪŭۣ˵ۡ
ֱһ죬ҶЦʱ򣬾Ȼĳǿ
ȫֱӸϳĿ


237 Ů
ҶЦֵĲ죺ԲۣҾȻһŵϳ˿ռ䣿ҵĿռ䰡Ҳ˺ðɣ
㲻
ãơ
Ǵ쿪ʼҶЦж˶ԿռĹӦ
ľռûٶˣǣԺĵر͸ȴҲ͡
д󲿷鱦Ĳر⣬СҶֿ⣬ԼĵطҲ¶ǣҾǲռˡ
оǣҶЦԼҲȥռˡ
ҾͶ㣡
Ѿľ̺ˣ㼸ܲܵˡ
ҿ˭ܲˣ˭ȷ
ҶЦ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬Ǻܼթ֡
ʱǱߺܴɵطһ΢ǸŮٴ۾⼸ŮѹΣȴʼղܶ˵Ҳֻգգۣתת飬˶ѡ
һΣȻִкתȻܹ΢һ
ҶЦһϲˣ
ŮĿ㯵עҶЦһֶİ˱ܵĽ䱸־壬촽鶯ţãŷ㡭˭
ȿȣҶԽҶӡҶ΢Ц˭ʲô֣ס
ŮԾ㯵ѳʲôط˭
ҶЦס
ɶ˵ɶ
ʲôطʾ֪Ǻһأ
˭
㾹ȻԼ֪Լ˭
Լ֪˭ô֪
ֻ˼ҹ˼ǿܹ˵ҶЦʣͷʲô֣ǵô
ŮԾֵĿһ̵񣬾ȻЩۣɪֻǵáҽС
ȻΪӦóһֻʮ߰ŮС
ΪһּΪ棬߰ǡʮ߰ꣿ
ҶЦ³֡
Ůɫ׶¶ϲɫȻ˿佱Լֺá
ˣҶЦʵ
ҡ갡Ů¶ˣŬתŷоɫֲ̿˵ҡôᵽҲ𡭡ҡ
ҶЦס
ɶף
˵ɶ֪Լ˵ɶô
ꣿ
ôҲʮ߰꣬Ե˵ľŮҶЦһЦá
˼䣬ŮԼĹƺȫǵˣֻ֪Լ꣬ΪǸ޸ĸĹ¶Сû˹ܣ֮ΨһΪģһ˹
˹ҲûˡԼһԴˣץȥˡ˵˵ţžžવĵ
ƺ굽ôͣеľһƬհףڡ
ҶЦŰۣ
ԼȻѪ顣
ʧ䣡
ңǽ׶ʧ䣡
ȻŮΪŹȣ̫أǸ߿һտν;ƿ֮һ֮£ȻʧȥԼһļ䡭
ҶЦͷһʱ䲻ЩһĪչ
ڿһʵ⣺ԼҪһ绪òɫŮȴֻ̡ô죿
ٰ޼ƵҶЦ¸ξ˵ˣξҲҶЦǿһĪչֶ̾
ξҲ˵Լֶ˼ҵĻˡ
Ҫ죬ǲô
ҶЦҲ̾Ϣһֱֻһˡչ˵Ȼǲϸĵģ˿ڴϵһΪһŮչԼڿ֪˭չ˭أ
û취ǹﻹԼţҶЦҲֻʱһ̰֡
һλصʱֻŮŴ۾Լ˫۾ڰ׷γ覣ҶЦȻϲһĿ⣬עĿҶЦϣ͵͵˵磬
ҶЦ΢Цο˲أȺúˣ˺ˣȥȥ㡭
㣿ʲôŮ˸ŻϲȸԾһûÿôǲǻƽһġÿ
ҶЦͷԺУžǣԣȰˣ
ףһСһС׵ιȥŮףͻȻһ⣬ľʵ˵磬áû˶ôù˿ҶǴҵġ
ҶЦзϧ֮⣬ģԺڸ˭Ҳ۸㡣
šŮġšһĿⶢҶЦҸ
һֲţΨʲôʱʧȥ˵ֻֿš
극ҶЦȥŮڷҡⲻ𡭡ôĴôõˡôõΣҪôѰ
ҶЦݸһЦ漴ȴǷ


238 ͬ
Ůʧȥ˼䣬Ҳδʲô¡
ѾͷЩ϶ߵúܼѾˡ
ǽ֮ĲʹôʧˣĵĲ
ģ⽫Բʲôί
һ˵ˣ¿࣬ӦҲûѧʲô͵꿪ʼ̵δؾͲɾ͡
ҶЦ̾һԼǰ
ǰԼҲһ¶ֻ˵
ʦԼʱ򣬴ҲŮʧȥ˼Сɣ
ʱԼʲôӣ
ƺŮҲû̫಻ͬ
ôһ룬ϧ֮
ҶЦ૵ѵͬԺ󣬾չһʱɣȥδӣԵ
һʱ䣬ŮҶЦԽԽÿοҶЦ۵Ļϲ
ܵʵ̫أѴﵽһֲĳ̶ȣȻҶЦƣ֮ǣֽ׶Ծ޷ŲһӦ飬ҪҶЦæС⣬ÿʱŮǽر۾Ľëͣգͨ졣
ȵòѡ
ҶЦоЩЦֻ䣬Ҳôߣ
ŮڱҶЦʱ򣬿ԼǰȻһͰ͵˵һ仰仰ҶЦЩЦˡ
ôôôôء۰
ͷÿλж۶ѵġ
£··ʵ̫ѾͽȻ಻ҪʹࣻҶЦɴû
ҶЦԼȴһĿ顣
ÿһΣǲһĳ̲סѪ
ֻÿη𲻺ͷ֮࣬漴ҪԼޣһǵĹȻ޲֮ģ
ҶЦʱԸ̣ѵԼﾹǴ˵еĹ
Уһҹͺܺ£ǱҶЦĸ첲ߣҪ˵ߣҾ棻ҶЦ֮Ҳֻ£Ǹ¡ŽţֵҶЦˡ
˭һɫĴˣ˻һ˿ңȴʲôܸɣֻܽ׶µĸо
֪ҶЦʹ˵
治˸ɵĻ
ʱ򣬿ͯԼͬŮҶЦ͸оԼʵҸģǰֻǽ
һ˹ԱչˣҲ
飬Ҳ˿鷳һоãƾ
ǡչ˵Լ
һ޿Ůˣʧȥ˼䣬νǣԼȴ˭أ
ֻǣչ˱֮⣬ҶЦҪæ
鱦ǱߵҪʼ϶ҪĹգ齨ɱּţ鱨磬ĿǰѾչм֣ΧӲ֪ж٣ҲҪ˽
ÿһ죬鱨վ⽨ֱһ㣬ͬʱѵֵĹȻһ٣¡ֱҲæýŲմء
ҶЦ֮ǰȥ鱦󣬻ÿζܼλϰȻǻˣȴеĻˣֻܶ죬ܶȣ⼸죬ȻҲæüҪˣĺˮҪáͰˡ
мڴˣҶЦȥҲȥֿ⣬ԼҪĶߣΪʱˣֻǵĹЧʣ˷ʱ䡣
Ȼ󣬾ǻؼңǱ
ļʱĳҶЦʱķһ¡ڴ֮ͻȻøȵ¶ȣȻһβ൱ˮ
ʵˮ֮ǰ񽵵ı꣬ԪǿߣϢֻжͿ籩֮꣬ǰ۸֣һսı˺½ʱձ꣬һս磬ֻ¾ҪˮûѴ棬˿̸ıʱʧ½Զڴ½״ڴϵĺˮԴȻҪطԭĵطתΪˮɢǴ½״һֶΣ
֮ǰҶЦȡˮȻѾ൱Ӵ󣬵һս½ϵˮԣԲ΢΢ţһë˿ȣڶˮΪˣһʡȥ˽ˮĹ̡
һˮɣЧʾϴ֮ϣҶЦ˹֮ˮռ֮УЩտˮԽԽࡣ
ģˮռĺλγһȪһĶģտˮ顣⣬ˮռǽϣˮĹŵģûе
ҶЦνץһʱһָоǾǣԼ⼸ӰѾĻпܣ⼸ĳһʱͻԪ磡


239 ֲ츳
ӵԪ۷嵽Ԫ磬Ȼֻһ֮ң֮ʵȴԶ룬ҶЦֻԪ磬Ŀ֮·
ں½˵Ԫ磬Ѿһ֡
ҶЦΨԪ磬һ֮;ı߼ʣ˶ѡ
ҶЦоΪĽϲο֮󣬾ڵһʱȥչԽԽϰΪγһϰߣÿÿһҶЦͳҶЦܹоԼļϵθоԽԽء
ԽԽ
侳оͬЩϲ
־ν˼顣ҶЦоԼ龳ڽڽȻҪԽԽ࣬ȴеۻأǰĶ˼ֳʵʵС
Σеػ壬Ŀֻ꣬Ϊˡıǿֻڵ¼šҶЦԼ˵
ֻĿΪǿΪǿǿɱԽֻҪԼ棬ϧһֶȥȡ伫Ȼǳ졭һҲͺȤˡ
ʵҲãҲգⶼԽʵŻԽ˼ȥŲ¹µһֱϡ
ҶЦµ·ƪ¡
⼸ҶЦÿ춼Ϊͨ˶ľ磬ȻҶЦܾȵķһ£Ϊ꾭ʱ򣬱ľȻ쳣ͨġ
Ȼûڣ⸱ȴһȻòϡ
߿ô˵һʣ
ʲôܴﵽ°빦Ч
츳ҶЦ֮ǰ˵û˵
һСѾͷҹΪСѾͷɱΪ֮ǰ츳ԾǷǳľˣȱʦ̵ǰ£ԼһϹԪƷ츳ѾǼ֮ȻǷҲһһȻǸɿľѴˣԣǰҶЦҲҪ
츳ҪСѾͷ֮ϣ徭緽ģͨľҪһķҲһɣЧܻҪѣ
һһԱȣСѾͷ츳֮
ǣҶЦһݹǾǣº󣬱㿪ʼ̱ʶ֣һʼһֻʮ֣ҶЦ漴ͷԼò̫Сˡ
Ȼʧȥ˼䣬ȴǹĿѧʲôѧһܼʱסңڻͨ֡
ҶЦԴȻּɣʶֵɴൽһʶٸֵĳ̶ȡ
ĽٶȣҶЦоЩֲˡ
õһŶ٣⼸òƻȫˣʶٶȵҲԽͣ߱ԭʶֵģȻʧȥ˼䣬ǱʶУڡ֡ĸӡġ
ԣֻҪѧһ㣬ܹ⣬ʾ͵ڸϰ
ҶЦͬ㣬Ҳ͸ӷˣѧ곣ֿ֮ʼ徭ѨλѧʶЩȻٴ𾪵ķ֣ЩȻҲǹĿܿȫסˣͬڻּͨסˣԾһһ֪ʮ
ȻѩԾɳأ޷ÿܹҶЦ˵Ļ֮󣬱ǰڳһ߸˵ȴ佱ӡ
ʱҶЦǸоǳˬʹ죬Ȼϧĺݺݿ佱䡣
ȻһҶЦĪȻˣʱƶǣҶЦ֮ԼʼȻŲھѾԸӦ
ƺо֮Сܻϲҵ棬ҲǵľλãӴ㯵ʵô£ǲҺܱأ
ҶЦȻ
㻹㱿Ļȫȥˣ
Щܻϲϸ΢С
ʾԪ
һ־ֻܹоԪĴڣԪϰٷ֮ʮϵ˵һġ
ܹоģκһ˶֮еţңҪ˺ܾúܾ֮󣬴ﵽ൱ܹ֮żо
Ȼֻ죬ܹߣһӶ޷ӴĲΣ
ҶЦĲȥˡ
Ѿͷʲôˡ
һ㻹ǺֵοԴܹӦԪ֮󣬸ҶЦϤİæָٶȴһһ졣
ۿɼٶȷٺ
ȽٶҶЦоĪ𾪣
ôô죡
̫˰ɣ
ѵһǽӵһ鱦һϡ屦


240 һս
ΨһЩвǣļʼûлָʱоԼƺʲôֻҪһ룬ͻͷʹѡ
ҶЦ޲ߡ
ˡ
½ϵ̨϶Ѿ룬յ鱦󷢳ģһȫˡ
⣬һ˼顣
һŷԤˡ
˶֪鱦İΨǿġʵۺĲܹȻǲܻģǴҶ֪顣
ν˼ȴǣһΣ˶֪˭ġ
ڣҶЦڣҲǲ֪ġ
֪£Ψһ˶ѡ
еĹأҶЦҲûУȻûüѯ
ѾӹɵǡˣȻһκ˶޷ӵĴ
ڣ˵ĵλҪڻҡҡ󳬼֮ϣ
ԲôģҲûĵ
¸ҶЦоһ£һʮ죬ҶЦû鱦ȴѯˣ
ҶЦ֮ôЩû鱦ȴΪڽͷö״̬֮С
һ죬ܹ΢ĻԼˣȻͷʱûȫӺãǱѾԿʼһЩˡ
Ȼܼѣ̻ʹǣŮ֮߳ģñԼܹŲʱ򣬾;ܾҶЦİæ
ȱˣҺúõź硭ȴź˵ˡ
ڴˣҶЦֻܴӦ
ȻЩãȴʵûоܾɡ
ΪñЩʹ࣬ҶЦȥǲݣЩҩ̵ǲݻҶЦ޸ɾˣ鱦ڼҩ̲ԴٶԶ죬֮ǰһҩϰŵ쵽ӡ
룬ҶЦǰŸոǲݣͱ˳ץһţ
ҶЦӡ
Զ£°˪ɱֻ̾ϢһǼֵĲҩ˳ȥˡ
Ůȥа
ѹ֮£ȴһӿսڵԪؿڣȻ
ҶЦһ
ԾһϮѩ£һ°ðĪҪ֡
ҶЦӣЦһ᲻ᣬŮԼʵǰĳȴ֮õġӦȴڸ̣⻹ðͲͽֱӽӰˣȻϣҲҪ֣ӷҪ֣ƫƫҪ֣զأ
ʵӱʮ겻һʱ֮ʵʦͽģ֪ʲôУС˱𣬴絽ޣӿ϶СˣҲҪ絽ıզذɣ
ᣬȴһİȻЦݣȫȻĵС
ԥãҶЦȴʼղ˵
ҶЦš֮衱״˿Ҳľګעһĺʵͬ˵
˾þöӣҲ֪ʲô˫˫һʱ侹һƬ֮С
˳һͬ˰Σ֪ͻȻŭô˵
ŭȻǶҶЦһԼʦɵǺǵĴ۵СۣûɵľҪ
࿴ȥġĪҪ¶
ҶЦȴһ޹˵㲻ɷ˵İקһû״˵ʲôô֪Ҹ˵ʲô
漴ǻȻĶ˳˵ˣ˹쿴ܺÿ
˳Ծһ㶣ҶЦ仰ʵ̫ͻȻˣȻ˼ת֮ȻЩϲζ϶Ȼһ죬ǿƲסϲüңѿڵ𣿡
ҶЦʵʵĵͷȻˣ쿴Ǽˣ˰ɣͷһͼӿ϶Ŀ˵϶ǵģ˺ã˺ۡ
Ŀ⣬ǿͺԼһͷͻȻ䳤ˣһĪοˡֵ㡭Ǯˡ
㣡˳ɫɷףҧгݣĿݺݵؿҶЦֱǺ޲ýһ¶ȥ
ҶЦĵͷ˴ʵʵ˵㿴ˣֵò̫࣬ϧˡٴЩͺˡ
εȴԴϧﺬĳֵź
㣡˳̲סȭߣ֡
ҶЦ̼Ҫһս˿»Ȼãιƺʾȭӣʱˣɲ֮䣬˾ͱԺһ磬ӶϾ
˳ĿŭӿȻŭ˼㣬ֺ顣
쵰ҵķһһٽˣ⼸ҶûôԷôˣֵò̫࣬Ҷ֣


241 ͻƣϣ
Ůɻ飬λò֮⣬һȻһ仰֮ȫˣִʲô
Щ⣬ƫƫ˵ڣýŻһ١
ȭ磬ֱ籩һ㣬ϵ£ǿ͵Ƭռ䣬ȻҪסҶЦпܵء
ڽս֮ҶЦ˵Ӧ磬࣬ҶЦѾԪʵ֮ǰн֮࣬Ϊ˳ʹõʽԺ½ˮ׼˳νƾ覣Ϊ˵ҶЦԣǲôˣ˵ǳĺܣҲǴֲڵĺܣ۾Ҳܻ⣬Цǰֹսֱʮսһ·ôȥģʲôľʽûм
ο˳ƹһӣ
νɣپ覵ڲͬзӳҲǽȻͬģǰ˳¶ۣҶЦ׾ٵӦ˳ڽµı£ҶЦûкܴտӦ硣
ͬĵƮƹһҶЦ˫ʵ൱ȴܽҶЦŪڹ֮䣬ǾԼʽӦõĲβͬ
ֻǣ˳Ƭ̾ͷһ֪֮Լȥ϶ƷҶЦΪΪı˲ԣһӿȵʱΪ㣬ɢ޵˷ϵ£ҶЦ彥ȥ
ȴǴΧ޲𹥻ѹҶЦƶĿռ䣬⵽ڣҪƾԼҶЦǿΪǿпҶЦ
ΪߣΪǿ۸㣬ôΰɣ
һ˫װ۵С֣ž˵ܣƻʵ죬֯һ֩ҲƵڿγһԭ㱻ڱ޵Ĺƴ
ҶЦε˲ʱ˲ԾожʼɬԼĻ⿪ʼԼܹŲĿռ佥μСȴǺң񣬼вУ˳Ĺơ
һߵսһѹϽȻͻȻһԵıȥѹһܷǷ£ȻԻһ˳֯͵
ʵҶЦиõѡֻҪʹͬʱĻĸ٣ıըܷǿħķ˳ΪٸһЩҶЦҲʮգԽѾͷ֯״ݻ١
ûôֻһδεѡ˵ѹޱ췶Χƻ˳γɺΧ֮ơ
˳ҶЦӦԷʽȴּɵģ㱬Խ࣬ԼԽǺãֻҪôΣȫ϶ָҵΪԶϣ޲ƻҪƻҪѸ٣γɺΧ֮ơ
ʱƣ㻹ֻ־һ·
ߣȵǸʱ򣬱Ҫúõһ㣡
򶨵˳Ȼ֪Լ޸ҪҶЦޱԾɱһսطԼĽٶȣҶЦ౬ΣһҪҶЦȥƣߵĵزĽ
ҶЦɫ㣬侲ѹ侲ı侲ԼΪԼȡ޿ռ֮У˳ĹܶһδεԼǿ͵ĳ֣һּ߱ըԵĺܣŴԽԽ࣬ܶȴԽԽͣǺ٣Ȼ罬ȴǾЭŬĹĶÿһÿһεǱ
˳۳ӣʱʱв̣ԷŻһ¹࣬һػأҶЦ״飬ģƿڴôֻ˵ˣû˵ٻѵ˵ʵҲˣڰ˵ˣͺܴˣҲֻٴһ㣬㶼Ѿϰ֣ΪɶٴһʲôϵԼעⱣ֣˺ȣҶû˵ȥϴ۾㵹Ȳˣ
˳ԣƽϢЩŭٶȱ˲ʱ溮˪ŭڡɱڵչ˽ȻԶ֮ǰ
ҶЦӵӦӲϾƫƫлҪǱ˵ʹ߳ŭ˰ɣɶĴȥǰ˺˼ҵ۾ѵĴĴȻҪҡӴҿ㾹ȻĴҡҲǴˡ˹ҪʵʵȻпԣʵʵⶼעġ
˳ŭˣղŵŭڻֻݴʣھľһͷ˿ҲҪû۵ǱˣȴҲǸӵˡ


242 ͻƣУ
һ߹սıʵʼƬ֮󣬾ûĹս˳ҶЦ֮ʵΪ⣬־顢ٳ־ĲȻ෴սĥԼͽʵǺкôģ¸ϣԼͽܸɴ˲źã˳ӡһ㣬֪ܽ£˶δ;Ÿ˳ҶЦս֣ΣΣʱ򣬱ҲͷƽΣ֣ϾУСӴǿȥ
⣬¿˳˿̱ɫٿ˳ģǼһƾյСȴҲɵЩݸ
˳ڵòκ˵ˣǼֱſڴƻơȻϹҲô˵˳ϸ̶˵ϵ£ܹϸֻҲǲġ
ܹ֮Ĩɱġ۾˵ϹȻӲ˵˵֡
Ҳô
ûѾÿҪץô
ѾͷҪˡ
ţǵûֹȻЩ͵Цּɵĸо
Ϊװ׵Ŀǰ֮ҪʲôĿʲô
Ϊ㣬¶ҶЦȴǸ˳ˣС֪е£أԲϷڳѷȻͬҪ˳ΪĥʯͻĿǰƿ
ΪԱ¶ҶЦ˽⣬β֪ҶЦԴΪý飬֮ܲȴԶʤѹҶЦдȴʼ̲ĿȻ
˳ȷʵԽˣͻȻһģŭҽһҪúõĽѵڲԵĵͽӣ
һȻͻȻȻһ㣬ڿγһĪĿУи࣬Ѹɱ仯һȫɵĳҶЦϡ
񹦣
ƹһ񹦾ں½ȵͼλ֣뵽
Ȼ˳ΪǳֻܹǿӦжѣܷӳȻͬ죻ղŵĳ֣
ղűѾ·ҶЦһʱֻоѹɽҲ̲סΪ֮Ȼ
ѹƹڰܹ֮ٶѹƹܹ֮еһ
ѹƹĵ֪īѾȴһãϣܶԾɼ޿ɱ񹦡
ԭ񹦵ЧܾȻܹһ˲ԼΪﵽ
ЧͬСɣֱǺţ˼
ǰܣ֮Ǵ˳ý˳ڵΪʵڲǴӱµʹĻֽΣ
ǴλеƹػʹóĻָǺεȾ춯صĿֲ
ѹ䷨ųһˣںܾ֮ǰƹ֮ޣ˴˿˵Ʋ죻ȴʼնƹ൱̡
ؾڹ˼ƹ񹦰ɣ
ҶЦƲ⣬񹦵ܹܶ˳һ㷢ӳôԴΪȫת񹦵ĻȻδؾܹʤ䷨䷨ͬھӦûġ
룬Ҳܹ䷨޷ָƣ㻹Ǿаա
Ҳ䷨ʼղҶֵġɡ
ɣѾ̫㹻ˣ
ҪȻ˭𲻹ܣôķ
ǳӽˮˡ
ľ޴ѹ˳ǵһֽҶЦһʱͨһּΪܵϢоȻ
ΪȫѹȲŻֵо
ңҶЦܹظоȻһܹӰʱֻҪһƣܹתָɽֹĸоӶֵ߽ģֵս⡣
ڣӰԽ͸ֵһܣҰܶȻһõӰ
ԭĿ֮
˹
ҶЦϣ͵ؼѹһХڼѹѹ֮£ȫ汬ڽѹѾõĵȫͷţ
ȭͷɽһǿƣͻ
䡱һ죬ҶЦһεȫ֮£Ȼһֿռ˺ѵȻڶѺһţȴʵֹġ
һ̣һ޵ɵԷһػסҶЦȫ
˳һ˵㻹˵֣
ҶЦĵкһģڰ㱾֣ʹ֣ˮͰһ㣬ƨѵΪһڵס˵ڿô


243 ͻƣ£
ҶӽڹȻԶԶѰܽſڴƻƷӵĸ߶ȣ˳С㡰֮֡֡⣬ٶһŮͷΣ
˳ŭɶըһĿŭ֮裬Ҵ㰡
ż֮࣬˳ٶ˼
˿˳ʩΪܣɱ㣬ɱκεԪߣ
䡱һ˵ļܾʹ͵ضײһ
Ȼһ̣ȴͻȻ䷢һڣҲҪΪ֮Ŀ顣
֮ǰս֣˵ȫڱµƿ֮УֱǿԺһ˲ˣһ˲Ѿ׼˶Ժܴﵽʱ֣һ˵ĶԺܺͣ˳ҶЦĿǰλУίʵǲʲô㲻練ƣҲ׾١
ǣһ̣ҶЦͻȻ䳷Լǰ֮һطķͬʱ͵ػա
һѾȥܣӿܣͬɽ鱩һļ޵أ
ʲô
˫ƴݱԴ߶ܣһߵͣ˳ǳԶԶûеշĵĵزһƴ׷գֹֻܱԵĳܡ
Աߵı£˿Ҳֽţ˵ղŻһо֮У˿̵ı仯֮֮⣬̫ˣ˼飬ţ
Ϊ֮û
ҶЦղŽΪ˵ҶЦǿ͵ļһУڽδ֮ʣ͵ջأ޿ɱĳȫܵķǰڳԼȫһ֮࣬Ҫ˳ǿһһ˲ҶЦ˳ǿǿ֣ʩУǹҶЦԼҶЦҪûκεķ֮ʵûݵȫܣ
¶״仯ʵ̫ˣһ㶣ûڵһʱƣ裬ϣԾҶЦСʱȴٴαǰı仯ˣ
˿̵ҶЦ˫ֻһµ̬ڿԼ˳ļǹܣ
Ȼһ˲䣬ȫתȫɡ
һ̣ҶЦڵľͻȻһȹģܹĺڶеصȻһԶȫ
ǵļǿͨ䡱һϤԼĵ
ˣ
˳˶ҶЦĵλãһƵ
ͺһըھ֮ǧ֮µĵصͻȻը졣
ڶ⣬ȴ˵
ۣ
ҶЦĿ͵һȺѪ
ѪԷɽʮѩǽϣųΪһ伫÷
˳ʦͽ˼״ɫɷףͬʱ
㡭û°ɣ
㡭˵ôôᡭô᲻ܡɣ㡭Լ𣿡
ʦͽʵ
пҶЦԼ
ľܿ˹Ȼͨĵ쳣ǿͣԸɵһĹڵʵΪ˳
ô͸ҽԼΪڴȥ֮ЮűԼǿܶĶֵͳͳɻԼĵ֮С
ԼǹѾ㵤صޣҪټ˳ļ޹ǿɵĽãûмʱȴҲӲıը
Ƿ˰ɣ
ȴҶЦ³ǿѪ֮۾ƣֹһ
һ̣ĶǸ֮УͻȻϵط漴תΪƿ˹һţǸλñۿɼٶѸʹ
óڷǳʹ࣬Ϊϵı鶼ѾŤˡ
ҶЦֻǽı죬Ȼһûз
ƣϹ⾹ԽԽʢ
һ֡˼Ҫըˡָо
üͷ˳һۡ
˳˿Ѿɫɷף޴룬ۿתʦҡ治ǹġҡôû°ɡ
̾˿ȴҡҡͷ
һ±ʣҸʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫ͻɱʽΪȻǱµΪҲ޲ߣͽκΡ
˳ۡһ˳ʵʦȾมҲһҪͷûС
˵˵֣ͻȻ絶ѡ
ָоͻأ˳ҲʼĩֻǸоɶϾһңʧɫľʹ
Ȼʱ̣ҶЦͻȻ͵طһƵƺĲһ㣬Ůһ
ΪǡͻƵ



244 ˼ͻ
֮ϣɢһһ뵹Ȧ漴ʧžٶȱһΪҫ۵Ϲ⣡
â貣Ŀӡ
һ̣һƬεģ˼ΪĴһɫͻȻͲһ㸡˳
һʱ䣬Ժ˲䱻ӳճεɫ
ҶЦһſڣһϽɫѪӿп
ֻһѪ֮󣬾ĻָһĿ
״ʵ̫ˣһһһ˸߹һˣ
˳ʦͽĿɿڴ
ǰһӲ˼飬ĵ벻
ǰ飬ʵǴԭ֪ȫĲ˼飬˼
ͻˣ
һȻְɱķʽһͻƿԪ磡
ͻ˵ԪԪһأ
Ҳߵ·ϣҪһء
һ֮󣬱죡
ĲͻƣʱӹֵķֽߣҲվ˴֮·ϡ
Ŀһ˸ű䡰һ˲ʱҶЦХһʦͽɫŮĿɿڴ֮УƮƮĳٺһЦ˳лͻơ
˳̺С죬עһ۰׵ָͷЩָ㡭㡭ͻˣ
ҶЦȻĵͷȻѵ⻹ôѾͻƵԪ磬˹
һߵıһȴ΢Ц
е̵ǳ֮ڣԼСԭֻΪҪΪĥ֮ã֮边ĵ죬
֮ǰһֱѹƣٴѹȻٴαΪӦսֶ裻ʵȴڵȴһ
ֻȻһͻͻơ
һ㣬ľ鵱Ȼῴû뵽ȴǡ֮边ȻļֶΣһּ˲ɹʵƵľģֱͻƣ
ɣʵ̫ðˡ
ȻѾȻǰһֱڻ
ĵЩ¡
޷
ô͸ôأ
ôô󵨣
ѵ£ʽһʧܣǻɢٲóȫ֮ҷ
ԲκεĽңԼԣĴȣȴҲ޴ӵģ
ôˣòƴû˵һֹһλǰʹķʽͻġ
ֱԼͬϷ
Ŀ˷֮ĳɹ˵ʲôҲ벻ͨ
Ϊ֮ĴǣԼʦݣԼʵغӡʵǲһðյ˰
ţȴžžǱߣ֮ոͻƣȻٶ˳
һΣ֮˵緢ʿ硣
˳ȻΪԾɸ߹֮費٣ȴѾţ֣񹦣ټЩ񲻶ֱӾǽڽڰˣҪܡ
һսһоȻãȻͲ⡭
°ҡͷսв֮
ҶЦղڳ˳ʱ򣬾͸оԼսĪڣսĴ߷֮£оƺԪƿѾɶ˼
ֻҪһ쾡µľһս־ͻƣ漴͸е˱絶ʶȴҶЦںâڱ
Լ˳δûһս֮ܣ󻻳ɱŮˣԼԪԪ۷壬Ҳ˼һָĶ֡
ǰ״Ʊǿֻðս⣬˳ȥ˴Ժ
ֻǵ֮󣬱ҶЦһ
ΪӦı£Լ޵⣬ôΧҶЦóһֻۣҪԼ̫֣´ֲԼô
±˳֣ϴ̼ʹ֮ԽԽأԽԽͣսΧ֮У˳ԼĪѹѹԼĵһδμޱͬʱԪȡֻڵһ˿ڻ۵һزʱ򣬾˳ѹǽһ߱γɵĸ߽ѹһٽ֮ȫ
ϧǣȻķΧǲ
ΪŮ˵֮Уûɱ⣬˳ȻʹԼһ֮ģȴ޺ԼС֮⣬б£ڳѾѹˣҶЦǺεѿŮڰн䱸ս˫һΣһ˲Σ
ҶЦ㣬ܷ㻹ãƫƫҶЦ̫ˣѶϤ㣬Լ˳Ū㶯ȻΣ¶ھ֮仯⡣


245 ͻƵ
֮˵սۼҵֵزʵնġ
¿ҶЦ뷨ҲĳȫҶЦ뷨ҶЦһ飬ʵϣµҲ򳬼ţĵӵһֶΣ˿Ժ޹˼ɵķʵͻƲΡ
ǣҶЦҪȴһΣµȴ״ɱˣ
Ҫģ
ȻҶЦֲŹĻ᣻ڵǰҪ˳Ķ֣ʵ̫ˣʵ̫͵ҶЦϣʵЩأòƺ½ûкʵģ
мڴˣҶЦϣɴһҧֱú󷨣ǿŤתײһϤԼ֮ڡ
ǿͻơ
ʵĪ⣬ս֮ڸ״Բֽ뻯Լ£κҲðɣ
ڵĳǳֵ֮½īǳ۸ӵһֻҪһעⲻСģ֮Σʱʵһ㣬һĺá
ֻһ˿һпΪһ˿һסһοһ󾳽ɱ
ҶЦŹᣬɴðգһ֮⣬ǿ߳ԼΪȻ൤أǿƳԪؿڣ
һҶЦϣӴ֮£ԭЩɶĹؿ˲ʱ
κУҶЦίʵɣؿɶʱƬ̣ҲҶЦĵͻһֲ֧סݻ٣κһ⣬Ҫ̽䣡
ҶЦһת֮ȴֻо磬ͻȻԼǰøʻ
һһľ֮ƺĹԡ
ÿһƺڻţԼ
֮һ˲ҲͬɽһԴԴϵԪȫһȫӯĸо
תɼҪըһĳ嶯
һЦ֮£ھһ߶£˳ٶȳ֡
һεĳ֣֮ǰ֮ͬǰҶЦһֱƣʱ䶼С˳Ĺƣ˿ȴзˣȻɱоȴǲȣͽǽһ죬ԽԽǸо֮еԪԴԴƺԶȡ֮֮ߡ
֪֮䣬֮Ļɫâ𽥴㣬ĵʧȡ֮ģȴھХ֮Уһ˿˿ɫ޵ĴϽ𽥵ģÿһγ֣εɫĹʣͺһƬεĴ쵴ޱߵĺԶϯأγɺһɫޱ׳
ҶЦ˿̵Ŀ֮У޾֮࣬£ɴ䣬⵴ģӳĵ÷֮ƽҲһ˵Ķ
辭Ҹ˳Ķ־ڸղžҶЦɱʽ±Ҳûгֵ˼˿̲±ӭսҲǱѩ֮ˣۼɱ֮˲δһзˣƬҲ򣬸ղŷ֮Ȼţȴһԭѭ˹֮£˴󾳽ͻƣ˿ҪԼ֣ȻҪԼѹȹոͻƵԪ硣
˳ۼҶЦδһŷľʹ˷£ּΪ½̬ƽȫӭսĵѵĻᣬȻ˻ԵȻҪȫġ
̬ƽղо֮ԽԽ٣ϲõȴԽԽ࣬˳һʱţһ硣
һݽο
£Ȼܹͻޣ
Σ˼ķͻƣȻܹôȹ硣
£мܹӣս֮ͻƣ
˳һսһ˼ȣֻ֡
ʱ̧ۿķ֮һרע飬ǷרעǷ˳вľһ
ʱһߵıµĽСġ
棬ķ֮ȻԾƮҡڰգڿоʮŸÿһηһ佫
ȹĳ·˳һԷңϺ£˷أƺԼܱܵ⣬ʶХһ˲תʮһűһƬտǳ׹һ貶
񹦣ٶ֡
˳˼ҲǺЩ棬ԼԪƷȴֲͬѰԪƷԺ½ԪƷʵȻ൱ԪȴӲѰͬȾ൱֮Ԫĳŵĵӣʵȴм࣬˳񹦸Ǿѧ֮еľѧԪ֮һ൱ĸ߶ȣۣܶѷɫԪ۸֡
ȻԼ˿̲ûоչȫǣҲǰķ֮Ƶʹ񹦶зĵزɡ


246 칦
˳в죬ֻǸոͻƶѣô˾޴ƣ
ѵ֮ļҪԶ֮ϣ
ͷֻ˳ԺһȴְԼѾϳ˵ĹĹѳңں½ȵͼλҶЦôӵиĹ
棬ҶЦ񹦵ȻѹǴһ˷зˣ˳ɵѹˡ
һеӦԻǲͬ졣˳ĵ
ȴ֪ɲҶЦɱУֻһǣƣֻ˵Ա
ΪһɱбҪһЩض״̬ھѹڴ棬Ӧ֮
ȻʱһԵı˲ܹһеȫܡ
˿̣ڻһܵĹ֮УһĶּڱ˵ĴϣԼյܵ˺һϵֶΡ
һеֽ֮ǰľʮŸһ˷˵ͻȻӺ׳ںƽ˷ܵķӴ첨ˡ
ģʽǰʱƺ󺣶ıһ󣬺ɨǧ
ڣں湻ˣȻĲˣѾ롣
һ
˳ȺͺĿ֮Уһ㱼γһɫȻٶ
һ̬ȻԼղŷӵܲӣΨȻƺž£һݰȻơ
֮ľϵɨӳ徣Ǭ
һƺҲԶŵ޾ɣ죬ȫĲɵֵ˳ֻоԼ屻͵ײϣԼͬţ뺣˲ʱʧӰ٣ٶȴ߷Ҷһ㣬ɶ
ڿ߰˸غȻҪĳȥĲվΡ
۾ǺȻ
һ̣һԹսıҲ̲סɴ۾Ȼȥ
ˡ
˵˳˲ϡ棬жϳذɣ̬ơ棬˳Ҫڴ˿̵ķ֮裬˿ֵ֮ͻƿΪ˲ʱ΢ͷƴ˳ϡ£úܡ
ҶЦץĳֻ̬⣬ȡʤǿƣ񣬴һֲӮһаʽⶼΪ棬֮У
ǣڵȴǣ˵վʤؼһлƴ̬ƾȷأȻҲ൱Ĺȡڶս˵ʵΪ˳Ϊ̣˴˺޻ٵĶƴ֮£һΪԶԶԼողͻԪУһܵѿ
ɾͺˣ
ֱ˲š
ҶЦƮȻأվǰ̬ȴݣģЦл
֮У˴һʼ֪˳˺ҲˣȻ֪仰ʲô˼
΢΢һЦÿ
˳ȵʵղǰһͻƷôģ
⣬Ҳ¶ɫ
ǵʦڳ˶ԱȴδءҶЦһЦһطۻλζЦЦֻҪս֮˵Ϊһ󾳽磬ܽ򵹹൤һǲͻƣҲڵжͣ漴кȻ˷ҲȫһͻƣȻǹֻǶͣԾɻԼ壬ֻǲ֮ǣһ̶ȵƣڱ˶ԣеҽ֮˳ãͻһͻƵƿƹذȻȡɣǽʡԼһʱ䡣
»Ȼ򣬵ԭˣȻع治У½Ҳط
жʱȻҶЦ˵ǺϺղŵ״
̲ס˵ȻȫЧȴ̫һЩ
˳ͷʾͬ
ַȷţá족ۣ֣ΪһӵطֻҪΪ˼ͻƿĵڣͿսͻơ
Ǵ󲿷ֵĹһֽ׶Σչؾޣϸ򣬲лͻơ
ıչأЩһӱչҲһܹͻһŵĹؿڡַ֮ȫûⷽĹǡ
ֱֱӣҰķǿͨ
ͨ˾ͨˣͨͨˣ
񣬶ͻ֮˵


247 ͨ
ַǲ죬ôҲûʲôĹˡ
ؼһ㻹ڣ˷ʧܣҲ֮ǣֻҪͨһ̶ȵܸԭҪؼģ
֮취ţǿظʹõģ
˵Լڶ೤ʱ֮ڣͻԪ½ʵ
仰ʱ򣬱һ顣
±ǲʵģ˼ط̹棬ѾĪ飬Լһ׷ʣڴ˼طĵϸ֮ĴɣȻط̶Ѿ޷ܵĵز֪ף׷ʵأԵķ֮費ϻش𣬻߾ʹ˷ŭ
ҶЦȴǳһ£ŵ֮·᫿һ˳ǵһ·˳Ļô֮ڣҾͿԽؽˡ
ױµ˼ҲֱӸֱ۵Ĵ𸴡
Ŀ͵һ̧ͷעҶЦһ̵Ŀ⣬һڷ⣬貶Ŀĸоǵ£ͻȻһƬ֮֡
һĿѤҶЦĵҲɵΪ֮ޡ
˳Ҳһ̲סȸԾ顣
ҶЦ˵һԺ׵ĸ֪λյϤ࣬ǳīӣѾʼѿɻһСʮꡣ
·촽ͻȻͻļ˾ϲ֮£Ȼһҡҡ׹ĸоͷҲЩѣˡ
ˮһ
סԼ̴ڡ
ɣϣ
ֻҪ⣬㹻ĸϣǶʮīʮ֮ڣͿɱٳīǸʱҵΪҲܽʦĵ׶ΣͿԸõīǣ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦֻǣҶҲֻܰǵŵǸʱЩΪǵĻɾҲ³ˡ
ͷ˵˵ҪһЩֻҪʱڶʮ֮ڣɻڡû˥Ļɾָܹһ룻ʱǾͿȫˣ˥֮Σ
ҶЦͷźǣǸشӣעġǺǡ
仰˵ú⣬ĮȻ
ĺȴ޾ɭȻԤԱµڽ٣޿ɱ⣡
˳һ̲סֻ֣ҪϳְæʦһԿõģǲǣ
ҶЦûнӿ˵۾ֻǶڱµϡ
ǴƵƤ͸գ覵ͣƽĺˮһĿ֮ϣԶɽһü
ҶЦúϸͬʱúǴ󵨣⣬һϧζȴҲǺ֮
µɫһף漴ֱͨ졣
ĴһĲ˵ڣȻϣҲҲҪǷݻԻء
ҶЦòƾ״˵ȱ壬Ⱦ覵࣬ѵͶں𣿡
µɫһӺ쵽˲ӣߵü޵ݣ쵰˵⻰϶ǹģ֮ǰľȻҡֻǸı˳ԣͬΪʱٶѣô⻰ƺҪȲҪһء
˵ڵѾܲСˣǣ׾֮гɻǾԽֹŮ˽ɡ
һҲûô˽ӴҪ˵ҶЦʮ¶ǵĵЦ
ʱ޷мܡ
˳״ŭ֮裬㡭Ҫô
ʦò׸ı⣬һȻһһ仰˵ʦƤľʹ˷ˣҪô죿
̧ͷҶЦֳֿ̬˵ǰ;ޣֻǰУôԸȽԼˣΪɶౣһĻᡭΪ񵭣ƽͣʵڲʺϽɱʺһɵػˣȻˣҲ˭»еģ
ϵĺ쳱ȥص˵ϣϣȴҪʱ䣬ûĵôԸԼһУάϣһֱϣıʵ
˵Ů֮Ȼ󣬵¼ȨȴҲ޿κΡ֮壬֮ࣻ޷ȫԴΪأɱ֮£Եβ֮
ЦЦο˵ֻǼӣǽŮǿϵȴЩˡ
ҶЦȻԲܹͨ䣬ĳǴˡ
΢΢ͷػˡ
ҶЦ˵Ļν£÷ĳȻ𾴣±ȻĽΪ١
Ҳһ


248 Ҹʱ
ҶЦһվԼͨˣǵţǼ⣬ҲӣôǰԺټվЩþġ
һ죬л
Ҳɢֳ㽵Ĺʡ
˳һվţ޻ϲ̲ס¶ЦݣתͷҶЦȴֶһ˿ġ
Ǳ£ʲôΪһʹﳤĹ£Ů֮ľԡ
»߲֪Լ˵ѼԵ˳ȴǺԵ˽⣬ʦֱһȾʣ䱾˸Ƿ绪ɫľױ
ôջ͸ױȣû˿Կܵġ
֮᲻ôݽȥأ
᲻ᡭ
к˼룬ȴ֮˵Ȼˣ粻˳٣ǾĿʼҲ֪ҵҪʼˡʱҲǵ鲻ġ
ͷá
˳ţ˵ŷ䡣
ҶЦ򲻿˴
˳ͷãƲ˴š

һյһ侲ңẈ̂ҶЦ߽ڣµͷ
š֨ѽһرգı£˳ʱ򣬾̲סͬʱһ¡
ҶЦȴǻϥ£˼ڲԪеɲǼֻоͷԡˡһһڣŰµĳѸоȻ
һòһ־Եŵĸо
ƺڵԼѾܵĴڡ
һ֪ԼָоԴĵ׵űΪոͻƣŻֱһĴ
ΪԼˣôȻԴͷһͷСᶪҲ˵
ݱĸоȴΪԼҪʱԼţȴһױȵĵȻݵ޵ǿʵ֧֡
ȥȡ侫Ŀĵ
Ψӣһδͻ۵ĵȫıסԼĵôһ죬Լµ۷ʱǷݳǱѾõĵ۳һϯ£ġơ
֡ơͳΪԼĶƣս֮
ڳɹʿǰܻͨܵһĪѹǵҲ˼ڹüӣԼ᱾ܵظоǿ⣬ͬĵ
Ϊǳɹ̫ˣȻȻϾʹһݺݿѹƣ
һ߾վţҶЦȴԽԽ죬ֻĸ֣ӡ
ҶЦ۾˵ˣԿʼˡ
ĪҶү˵ƽ޲ĵ׾ȻЩ˷ܺϴθ˳٣ԼҲǵõ൱ĺô˳ʱΪǳԼõĺôҲޡ
ȴǲͬµĹȫʣΪǸԼҪúܳʱ䣬ܹΪ٣ĵʱԽԼõ洦ҲԽ
ҶЦݻά֮ǰĹžΨ¶һ˿ЦݣЩڴζ
ҶЦȻ֪ڵ뷨Ǳ֪ˣ¾ųɾŵ˶ݺݵһڡ
Ҵһﵽ¡
һɫ˫ϡˣǼˣǰ½¶֬һ壬뵽ľȻǣҵΪҪˡ
ʵǲܲ˿һѪѾġǸô
˵Ǹˣ
ҪǸˣôôǷ˼·
ԣٶȲһ£϶ʱתΪͨ죬ҲЩ˵ô
ҶЦȵ˵Ǵ˿̣ʱѵкܶʱôǸʱģϽŪ겻Ͷʹô
ȴǺ˵Щ˼
ҶЦЩ˵һΪжأؾʽأɶɲ˼ģֻҪȹӣ¶λúͺλãҰȥҲˣж಻˼
¶ʱеϷ·һ㣬˵öɣ¶¶ģж಻˼
⡭ʲôǲ¶ģ
ȻֻҪ
˵ж಻˼
˼ˣ
Ǻߺߺߣ
ţìţͷֻ½Īط˿־ͺµĸоһΪ֪ԼͶٵˣֻҪһָͷСɫȴп־嵽˼㡣
㵹ǿЩѰôôĥأĸʱ䣡ҶЦЩ⡣


249 
˵Ҫ٣ȴֲ·ĥĥģ󻹲Ҫѵô
ղŻҪ˵ôȻسôһ浶ǹĵڣήأ
ôĥ˼ô
תͷҶЦЩͷЩɻ񣬲һ£顭쵰ԼҪЩô
һˣ龹ĪطҪЦĸо
󷽵˵áתȥ
ҶЦ̾˿ֻת
ֻOO@@죬漴һĪζ˲ʱҡ
һֲͬκε֬㣬ȴָһȻȻĿо
漴ûˣ²˵áˡ
ҶЦѭתʱһֱ
ֻǰŮ۾ߵĴţֻֽŵķСλãԾ룬Ψ֮Сλã¶־Өѩ׵ļȹҲǺúõء
ղŵһȻֻ¶¶λãλ뾡סȴ֪һչֳģɢջ
ϸСֱһֻ־ա
ҶЦĿɨӹ¶ѩ׼ҲͬȾ˵ĺΣ˵ô
ҶЦһѹסԼȻڵĪȣԸоǿЩ˵ɡǺλãҵԼȥǰ֪һ
½֣׵ģô
ҶЦ˵Ǿ͸ϽʼһҪȥᣬץʱŪ꣬ˡ
һ仰º޵һҧЩҪһӳȥôһɫĴŮǰѳӣȻᣬʲôˣѰ˼ڸʲôء
һת¡
ȴƶһ£漴һֻȺĴ֣ôԼļ档
һ̵ȣñ߽˲ʱЩˣҪˡ
Ȼ󣬡һһֻͬȵĴ֣ԼСﴦλá
λǸЩһӶû־붼ûôͻ飬ʱҲ֧Ųס壬ֻһһһȥȥ
ҶЦŬƽԼ飬˹֡ȴͻȻо²֪ΪξȻֱӾ͵Լ
ʲô
һʱ䲻ɾĪֻоŮĽͻȻвһ̲סֻ־ôŲһ£ֲԾľŲ˴ԼһƵľ롭
ֻоһĻȷǳ͵ĵԣ̲סץһѣһ£أЩСԺʲôָа
߸ȥͼʱоԣҪӲŸոһͦȴýԼ͵˼Ҵϡһһ֮£ɲǼǻ⣬־ǲ֪룬һȥһͶɶɶ
һת֮ͻȻطһŭ㡭
ҶЦһϽʼɣûʱ䵢ˣȥ٣ֲɶɶɲ˼ģղôͻȻһҡȫû׼
˲ɱ˵ġ
ᱡңȻңʲô
ϸһ룬Ȼ𾹵Լȵȥģɵ˵ݴŭ
ɵվŸʲôأϽʼ¡ҶЦȷˣ˵ʱĲˣϽİɡ
·ŰۣĹĵĶ߲Ÿ͸о˫ȵĴٶ˲ʱһԵĽӲ
ֻо˫ֺϸԼȻһɻأʲôط
ºݺݵץסǰߵֻ֣ݺݵذԼλϣٺõƢҲ̲סҧгݵ˵ѾһԪˣȻ֪ʲôط
ҶЦŶŶŶԭܽˡ
»ڷգ̵̹ģ쵰ٲץס֣˭ֻ֪ʲôطȥǵ졣
Ҫ䣬ͷȴֻоֻͻȻһ೤ľͬʱڱĵֻഫһϸļ֮
ʱ֮䣬ǰůҪڻıȴƺѾǧޱѩ֮ڡ
ɲǼ䣬һζģ³һѵǴ˵֮еıô
һ̣һƺԶǿ֮Ⱥֻ֣ͨӿԼ֮ڡ


250 Źֵ
Ȼ޾಻˲Ϣ֮䣬֮ţԼȫ֮һ飬ٶ֮죬ݡ
˳ͬдмң£塢羡ָƣϤţԴҶЦǹתٶ죬׼ȷذסȫ붯Ȼڽȥһɲǣǵ磬ԶԪͨоγһר硣
ʱԪȴûп
ɲǼһɼµĺо
ʲô
ʲôܣ
Ȼܹһ˲ͿԽһ֮еľȫƣ
Լһ֮жѧǼʶ㣬Լڣȴδżδ
Զ繹֮ǰɱҲڱ˴˴Ӵ
ȫͬԵڵ֮лںϵʱ򣬾תΪһŷۺɫӵ֮С䡱һֱ
ɺɫԶӴ֮࣬ԶԱ¾֮ԭȫѹƣ˲ɡ
㲻ȴܶԷĿѹƣֻоԴݿһƣԼ֮ǿƳˢ
һĳˢȥ֮󣬱ܹظоԼƺǿЩ֮еֲĥҲƺһЩ
ȷϲı仯²ɵþһ
֮ĹȻԽ٣
ǵԳЧ߲εԼͬЧ
һˣ¸ΪظԼڲϵسˢѭ಻ԼȫɣҲȴǵڽԼȫƽˡ
µν󵨣˵ǻ˾ͷ
Ϊʱ򣬾Ϊͨ죬ֻҪҶЦһʱڷ˵˲Լū׾٣Ѵ֮
ҶЦȴû
ԾɳһδεĴ߶Լˢ磻ڵһ֮ھҶЦ񹦳ˢ֮ͱɽҶЦĵ
ҶЦ˿Ѿܹȷϣڵ˳ʱҪǿǿֻ̫̫࣬ٱֹڽԼ֮󣬱˲仯˾ĺˢ֮£ۻ쳣Ӵ
ҶЦܡ
ֱߴԵġơһǳ汾Ϊ⻹ľٶšҶЦȫɣһʼʱ򣬾Ȼо˹γɵ֮糱ˮһĵ룡
Ҫ֪⻹ֻǱ¾֮еĲʣֻռ΢΢λáڣ⻹ֻȡһƤë
ǵ潫֮ȫȡܹתԼٵأ
Щֻʵǧ֮һ
ôǿ˺ֵزأ
ҶЦͷתϸһ֮ʣһëȻ
ڱµʵΪ˲һֱ۵ʶ
ѹ֣վӦ˿
ҶЦһר־ת񹦣ܣһ߼ϸµųڵʣȻڳ˴Լʱʱ֮ҶЦͻȻһ
ΪظоԼȡı֮֮УһЩȴһֱڱڵģƺûз
һΣȴҶЦ˳
ҶЦžãǹӿֻһǲӿɽһϯ
ҶЦҲάֲסžȻ֮ɫԡ
ھרĹעڱ仯ı£˿ҲͻһƬȻԻ󡢻Ȼ
ô£ҶЦ͵չĪĪ⣬ҶЦһʱδ˼ʱ£ͼ֮
룬ҶЦջԪǹȴ׷ǿƷҶЦֻǱƬ̣ѻطԭҶЦȴؿͬʯͷУһ˲侹ȻѣűǡۡһһѪ
¼״Ȼô£ʲô
ҶЦۿ
Լ֪
ʵˣ
Ǹʲô˵
˴۵СۣͻȻıãȻ⡣
ˣԼһվĳ˳»ѾԼ֮ϡ
ֻɻ
ΪԼҲ֪ԼôôһӲ֪һǴӺζġ
㵽סҶЦֻ˵˰仰ͣ졣
ΪԼҲԼֲ²ЩסӲ˼顣


251 㵽ʲô
ǼŹ㲩֮ˣ֪⣬˲ʱ˷֮뷨Ұɫ˵ҡҲֻ֪о
ҡһ£ֱۣų֣ԾҶЦĻ棬ǿ־塣
ԭ棬ɵĿº
Ϊˣһ˲оʲôҶЦ壬ʵ
˿̵ı¼㣬ȫ̱ҶЦҶЦӵ˵ȫ޷ֽһһĻ治֪жô˼
ֻ˵˼ȴԼ˼棬һ㣬ȫûκβ
ǹֵͻأҾֻоһص㼤˲䣬ҵУƺƺµо֮ɫԽԽŨƺǡʲôֻ˵ǶʲôҪ˵ʲôȴ˵ģչ̣֮Ǹо֮ʧˡ
ҶЦȻ㶵Ŀβ˵ǾûˡǾˡ
仰һĿ־壬ͬʱһ˷ܡ
ƺܿһ޴漣ԼǰȻ֣
ЩĿѵġ
ҶЦ϶ĵͷѪУ
һ£̾˿Ȼصģһһֵ˵⣬ѪУ
һ˹ȥȻ˵˵ҡҾˣ
֪ӵѪеģ󲿷ֶһЩ޺ŶΪǿһزޣܹԼºӵʱ򣬴ȥһѪӡǣ֤Լպе·ͨ
ѪûоѵʱΣգѪֻԶѣ츳ܣһΣ
֮ҲΪԼĺӶһԱıǮ
Ϊ޻޵ǼΪϡ٣ҲǸѣڼǧ֮УֻԼһô¶Ļš
ΨѪеܹ֤ԼѪڶϾ
ҶЦü룬޾ԣҲδؾôۡΪѪУ࣬ҲֻǡܹѪе࣬κһӵо춯ΪĴ
˵ԼѧоԼĺӵѪ֮Ϊ֮ֶΣ۷֣
ЩɬЦЦ˵۷壬ν۷壬ø߲βпܡ
µԾһƬҰףΪȥֵزϧԼӣôὫӶأ
ҶЦ̾ϢҡͷǬĪ⣬治УԵֻǴ¾ΡȴֲƲõġ
ش˰ΣͻȻһʱ侹Ǳ
ҶЦ̾˿ʵиĸ𣿡
µͷˮøˡ
ҶЦһҲЩױڵ顣
ԼѪУô֤һ£ԼԲڵԸĸġôҵ˭
ҵɺζ
ҵʲô
ҽɸô죿
ĸɻڣҶЦʵ
ǻڣܻҵһ
Ѿˡʡ
ҶЦ̾˿Ǿֻѡˣԣܱȴá
˵ҡҺú¡
Ҫ׽ҿţǾҪѪȫ֮ԼʽмѪУȻȻ֪һУǡ²ҡ
ԵĲԣηԣӲԣ
Ϊһм̣ζԼҪһȫµԼһȫȻİݡ
ԼȥЩ£ֻһС
ñԿ
ҶЦʵҪô죬Լҿؿƿ
µ˵ڻ޷롭ȵȵȡһղŸӦݣһ֪ҿѹһѪС¿Լȡ֮ѪеķֻǣʱֻܹѹƴԼٸʱ䣬ԡٸ֮󣬱Ҫлʱ䣬ǿҪʱпѪ֮ˡ
ҶЦص˵˵ķȻУȰ㿼ǿǣΪѪҲӦǿ쳣ҷǳжϣҲֻЩǿĴڣܹĴܡһѪѣֻҪԼã򶥷У޵Ҳ롭ǺܶζûеĻԵ
¿ЦһҺγֻ֪Ҫһ뵽һѪУ͵Ǳ˽ĸĸĺӣȴġһ㣬һѪУҲζҪԼݡҵ˵ȴһ̵̫顭


252 
ҹƣʮа˾֪飬㲢ġؼǣѾˡҶЦĵȫûеҲ̫ˡ
֪Ҳ֪ǾƲңԼȴǻԼġµȻѾˣҲھȪ֮ܡ
롭ӱһ¡ìܵ˵Լĵʵ뷨
סҶЦЩο
ǼɣЩĿҶЦȻͻȻһߺ졣
ΪһֱڣŸоҶЦ֣ԼСϣ֣ȻԼβţ׵Լ壬Ѿ꼷ҶЦĻ档
òƺԼղͶͱء
ͷ֮࣬æϥãͷȴֻһΣȴû֮ǰŭ顣

ʱҶЦȫԸȡڵĺһֱ˻ƳϣȻֻȡ˱ںһɡ
ǻһɵķ
֮Ϊ˳ȴҪѾ̫ˡ
ҶЦԶ϶ǽջԵɺͻԪƿδԪԼ͸ɲ˱¹ٺķ
ʱȵɡµͷ˵Ҳһ죬컹ᣬȥɡ
˿̱˵˵ǺģȻէһ֮ǰֵĿǰȴѾȫͬˣǱʵת䡣
˿̸Ϥ˳ԵĻܾȵӵһأʦȻҲôŮ˵һô
ϧҶЦʵ̫ɶˣȻҲûóĵͷ˵ˣҲá
չվòƴݲȣʵǷ
²֪ΪΣĪһ£վͷԼ·
Ƭ֮󣬾һԲĵ˳ȥ
ҶЦ¸̲ѣʲôأղΪ٣үǲ㲻˵һѺģ˵ллɣôƵᣬ赭дʩʩȻĳȥˣģָӰܣ̫˰ɣ̫˰ɡ
˳ֽ棬ɫֵȥʱʱ̧ͷڿȥüͷż̾һȻü֮ľ֮Աʼղ滺
ڵȵȺ߳˳һʱͳôЧɣӦаɣ϶аɣ϶еġ
һʣһϸ۲ɫһƴԴеĽš
ҶЦ̾һһѾˡ
ûЧôôܣϷЧܺãôʦûأǲû϶û˳һʻԴԽԵ䣬˿
ȥ˵ʲôˣҲǱһ¸пô˵ûЧôôûͰĵطȥ룡ҶЦҲ˳ʪ󣬾ӯӯٸգ̧ۣϽѻԼģѾͷϲȭͷԼ˵ҪǱкʵûм֮ǰװһٴԼ߼û˵ȥ
ǾЧˣ̫ˣ̫ˣҾ֪һЧģ϶Чģ֪ġ˳ʱΪЦԣơδЦ黶
ҶЦǰ;侫ôط꣬ˣôôأô£ôŪأ
ȻЧؿԺܿȫ滯ֶɣĶ԰ɡţȻЧղšʲô㡭ŻңŻҺܺô˳һ֪ʦоȣ޻䣬˲ʱָƽصĻղĳ˵Ĺ̬ʱԶԣĳǲԲ˵һٵӹ
ôôĳ嶯³çأҸղһҲǷģȻҲչЧѣ֮ǴΣ࣡ҶЦϽȡ
ţôأǴЧܺãصʦ͡˳ն׷ʵ
ĹʦĹͬնҶЦЦһʦΪǿ󣬲һʱܹ̾µģ϶Ҫλ⣬ƻúö족
˵Ƹֶȷʵȴĺʱģһʱ̿ɽ
˵գĳ
һأòѾЩӣȻǲ֪ʲô飬۽ȻЩ˸
˳֣ʦʧ̬ӣԼҲ״εüأǶŮ˽Ļûʧ
ȻΪ֮裬Եʡ
ôʲô飿Ȼʦ֮УǰֻڽӴôѵʲôıʣ
²˵˳ȴҲҼ׷ʡ


253 
ˣҶЦڳŶȥ鱦ǱҲǲܵģֻǰ鱦һ·ϣȴҲЩء
صѪУһַǳǳǿңǹѪвһûʵķ֮ҶЦоԼƺӴ˵˽ӡȴģããȻްͷ
ʵϣҶЦʣԼʵڲܻӴô߶˵
ǿѪУ벻λǿ߿õġ
ЦǰȻѾ򶥼֣ǿľǿ߻һ൱Ĳ࣬ԶԶûдļޣǱߵĲΡ
ôԼִӺδӴȥ
Ǵɣ
һֱȥ鱦ҶЦû뵽κԵۼǴ
ֻǵ鱦ҶЦȴٷˣǹѪǿʼǺ󻰣ˣʼǻڵ£ӦǰΪȣ
ڵ鱦ʵǾۼ̫̫ǿʵ
ʵϣһ·ҶЦʶɨӣͲǧǧʶɨӣҶЦı׼ǡԪƷϵĸ֣
Ҳ˵鱦ģǧԪֿ϶еġ
Щ˶ע鱦κһ㶯ʱעŽ鱦ÿһˣ˶ȫעΨֱ˽ȵǡÿһ˶ڹԼܹõ档
һȺ۾ǣڻΨִκһ΢Сϸڡ
ҶЦͣסŲ̲סĵ̾һ
Ե̾Ϣ
ĲҶЦ̾ϢΪЩ֮Уһǳʵ۹֮ˣÿһʵ׵ĸ֣ÿһ˶ӵǧ˵У˵еʵԸҷƮҡʱȴûһͦ塣
ûһΪԼĹЩʲôЩÿ˶ѳˡͨˡĲΣÿ˶ѲٳԼʳסУÿȴһͨ˸˽
Ƿ죬ʱҹ飬֣ȴʼղΪӰ˵ǵ֡
µ鱦ֹϵΪֵʱȴһȺŵѪζĶǣӵ֣ѭζ
ȵֻ֮һȺ飬ٶʧ֮УҲ档
ֻ֪׷棬ȴ֪ʲôΡҶЦҡͷνԽԽ󣬵ЩȻʶ㡣ȻˣԴǿڴһЩɣǲұⳡǳ
ҶЦѶ߽鱦
ʿһ
ҶЦͷȻ˽ȥ
ֻһ䡰ȴȻܣĿҶЦıӰ˲ʱޱȳȣ

ԭˣǴ˵鱦ǸˣҲǡλ֮ϵǸˣ˵УӢ˫ķ֮裬Ǵˣ
ҶЦ߽ȥ֮󣬺ķ־ȻûкԼˣȴԹãΪ鱦еÿ˶æµÿ˵Ķһ·СΪ㣬£Ҳвһͷ󺹵ȥİ֡
ÿ˶æòֺû˴ҶЦƵ棬ͻȻоԼĸ룬ǲг˵
룬ȴǵýȥҶЦߵĵڣѼĽŲͻأ𣬴һഫͬʱųţĴϢԼġδδϸ졣
ҶЦ˲ʱѾȻЩԴͷ
ͬɽƶһĽŲ·ܷĳˣС
ҶЦɣǵԪ۵ĸˣҪģ³㡰ۡĽŲδõ˵ˣǰЦĳ˵Ķλʵ̫ˣ̫ˣ˵ãҲģ£
ϣһ̣Ǿ˶ľ޶λʹһ˹鱦ĵ·˺Ĳߣϰ߹ʱ첲⾭ز䵽ߵǽڡ
ǲǴˢ춯
Ⲩ׳ĹÿһһƬ׳ۣ۽硣
Ȼ״۽磬ֻ˺ܶģ¡
ѾʶúϰߵҶЦ̲ס˰ۿ졪ʵǲĿŲѵıŤӡ
үүˡϵķͷϣ仹Ҫ²
˵ôˣҶЦ˵
ڵ̫ˡһɫֱӾæˣҲĳЩ˸ˣ󶥼ֱţҪһҪһݣа˴ҲȻûָҪ󣬵˼Ҳһ㡣
󶥼ţҶЦɫһʲôţ


254 ǿȡ
ںǳšһɫţ鱦󲻹ֻһСɫȫƱǿ
ҶЦкߺһ˵Ʊǿںǳžô˵ģ
ɫ
ڣߣ񲻾ڵĸɣǳţҲǳŵɡԭں½з֧ڣ
˵Ʒֵĵ񵤣ÿһֶҪšǳҲôҪģֻǳÿһֶҪ˿š
ɬ֡
ҶЦɫ˲ʱȴǺٺһЦǺǣſھҪôôҪʲôЩƷأ
һЦ˵ǿҷŭȴƬ̲ŵûᵽ״ۡ
ҶЦ̲סЦȴŭЦ˵ǴҪǿȡ㸶ۣ벻˵еĿװǣȻҵϣ
ȻԷոһĴۣҲƲ̫ࡣܹһŵҩֵֻ¾ѾǼˡ
̾˿һΣȷʵʧˣ벻ЩвǧĳɣȻܹó˲Ƥ顣
ˣӴ飬ʵ̫١ӴĲ棬Ҳʵ̫͡ԲŻʵϴɲءΪ
ҶЦЦһΪԽȳţȲƤԽ֣ΪΪԼӵоԵƺ֮ǸûпܵأǲŻ޼ɵΪΪ
һֻ»Ҫҿ˹ƺƴ󣬷򡭡㱻ĳŰнȫɱԽҲǶôϡ飬鱦ӵ񵤣СִУ졣
ҶЦٺЦһ飬Ԥ룻ǻԸ⸶һЩۣǳԤϵ飬ұΪǻ᳹ͷβǿȡû뵽һξȻ뱣һ߲νƷǣֻУǵ֪ǵĽӦøж²ǡ
Ĩһ亹ѹ־֮ǰҸԽԽãԭıأԲȫֻѾľ棬ָǺãԷȻʼвԿǲʵ
ȴΪζЩɵϤȫ֪֪ףȻŭȴֲ⣬ȻѾµгıӦԡһô꣬ȴҲûôЩСС֪ͣģǣʼ츳ǳϹɣ
в²ⲻѣȴʼղʳ
ǿźظУȴи˼ֳ֮ġ
㲻˵ģҼȻѾԤ뵽˽յľ棬ȻжԸǵİ취ҵıôռģҶЦһЦмζԱ
еʱһ
ʵҲ֪Լؾô˷֮Ļвȵ󳬼ţ˵Ǻ½ǿĴڣǳʵ۹֮ԿҲδʤűǿɽǸλĴš
ͬСɣ֮Ȼд֣ж嵤ʦΪɽҲ൱׵ĵʦ裬ȴʼǷȱǿΪ鱦ۺʵȻ࣬һɱּˣʵʵޣһߴ´࣬ڡǳȻѻʯȻҶЦһ仰ȴŵģٲģ
ҶЦʵڸǲǶѾ˳ȥ
ȫȥˣվ֮ǰķԸֻˣĲ֮ˣڴ֮ġְְںǳռݡ˵
ҶЦͷһŷ
ȵעҶЦһۣΪһŷԤ飬ֻԼһ֪˿ҶЦĿȴѾ֪һ㡣
ʾε֪Գ˵
֮£Ŀǰں½ܹĳʸռһŷģֻһˣֻһ˶ѡ
ҶЦĿˣҪһ
һ⡭ֻ£ЩΣհɡ
ҶЦĿǰ˵ҪĿǰ־ģȴҲֻнˣȻҪǣЩķҪðġ
ĿķâҪģҲֻǽһʱĴϢѣֻҪعҪÿ
󳬼šٺ٣ҶЦ˵ֵʱ޾ĮԼƥɱ


255 һĪչĵ
˼ʵ̲סشһ¡
»û˵ʱһŷˣʵֻһơ
ƼѾ˵⡭ҶЦģȴܿ϶˵һġ
ȻԶԣãȻ֪⡣
ףΪʲôô϶˵λµһһյᡣ
ԼҾٰȻʢǰ˿ϣΪƸΪֻ꣬ƲָĳĶô͸ƶ
ڡ֮˼Ҫ˵ԸţȲ˵ܲܳ£һʱ֪¸شĺ
⻰ȴ޷ڡ
ᣬһԾճУҪκˡκŴҶЦ˵ɵҪȫȻ᣻ǮԴɾģûУǾһëҲǣҪﲻͶ񣬼ֱǷˣ
ҶЦһЦת˳ȥ
ֱǷˡ૵߶仰˵顣
Ҳ֪⻰˵˷ˣ˵ɷˡ
ҶЦһһʧӰ
֮ǰӱϳȡĹپ֮˼ʺ޾ռڵڤ˷ӦΥļ֮˿һŵðжҡ޾ռƽ֮ƣҶЦҪȽЩܹɼغ飬á
ҶЦҪжһöһЩľϸڡӦԲԣȴûٶͣҴҵطصҶ
ٺı仯ǾңҶЦɾ֮壬һŶٹ򣬿ǿռڵĺȴǷĳ֣ܿء
ȵصԼ䣬Ĳ鿴ռھ״ʱľռѾЩ֧Ųסˡ
ҶЦҵʼֳȡ
ҶЦڻɺֺΪֶονǼ죬Ƭ̣Ѿȶס״ֻһҶЦڳȡʱȴ˶ȥռ֮ڣȻ󳹵׷ռĳڣֻһˣԳȡЩΪ
ͨУǿŵȻȡЩ¼ֵĺǾţһëķݶ
ҶЦܸоŵȻѾ߱һĶʶʼԼռԴˡ
ȴǾԲеΣ
Բ
һαǿŵΪϵĶ飬ҶЦٷ
ҵĵ̣ҵ֮ڡ
ҵòã
ıһŵռˡ
ЦЦʲôЦɴһͷײˡ
ĵĶ˰
ҶЦȫעȡΪȴظоԼڵΪһӣ𽥽֮
ڽѾ֮ʱռͻȻһҡΡ
ȴǿŵȫ׵طڿеĴת
¶һݺܲķΧ
ҶЦѾʮûռӽµŵرԼԴˣӹֵĻڡȻԴóȥ˲١
״ŵǳջ𣬷ǳĲ
ȴҲ֪һνҶЦȥһˡջˣŭˡ
ʱҶЦżռ䣬ҲǶŵǣȫӣŵպϹҪ͹ϵҶЦȴ֮
˾Ҫ
˭ֵù˭
ʼ죬ŵڣӦȥʼתòƻסȥʼ꣬չͶãǰ߰ȥˣ˴˹ϵûаƣŵڻˡ
ҪжϿռԴɣ
ôȻ֮ȴд⣡
զأ
ͬ˽ڵĳļҪⲻǣҶЦƫƫᡣ
ĳĳ˵ȻǸżû취Ϊĵʼջǵǲ˵ģĳֻҪϣ˴˾޷н
ʵǣǳĳɢ˻ơ
ּҶЦ˽ֶʱϲȻҶЦȻԼǣѾԼҪչж
ٱһȥۿԼԽԽ٣ǿȫȫ군ˡ
Ӳġ군
ŵλռתתȥȴҶЦ
ռȻҶЦˣǣŵ˵Ҫ򿪣߽ȥ׾١
ڴ֮ǰûиҶЦʲôìܵʱ⵱ȻǺһ£ȴǲңһǻˣԼɾļɵ
ҶЦԵãĲҲֻһĪչ
ҶЦͻƳΪԪһƷܹ֮ԵĸоԼĵ˼ʮͣҲࡣ


256 ֵ
ҶЦطֱԴԪͻ֮ԭͬϴһȻͻ֮ɱ侭֮УֻϸҲơ
仯ȻˣȴҲֻ֮Уݻԭʮԭ͵ĺ˲ʱˣͺһˮһֻݻԶֻΪˮͰòƲٵˮʱͲˣҲܰͰѣԵ磬ȽڸأԼ
ͬĵҲͻƶ֮֮ǰԭľֻǿһСͨխڵľȴǿֵͨͬն
ͻƵĺôɾ޴󣬲ڴ˼ͻ֮ȴһСΣʱշԭ鵽ڵĵУҲʮ֮һתھ֮еԪԶԶܴȳ̶ȣΪոͻƣδȫӦľ̶֮⣬㣬һأ
Ĺؼʵܼ򵥣Ҳܵǲ䣬ҪֻҪӯܹ˵˵̣ǵǰĵ֮
ҶЦѰ˼ü
һ⡣
Ҫڶʱ֮ڣɵҪҶЦľһװ쵽飬ǵת񹦣ٵۻ߸£ɱ֮õȻͨԣĽѾ൱ˣҶЦȴǵȲġ
ɲɣҶЦͻ֮࣬űһ»⹦٣һδӱȡ쳣ҾýҶЦԪѷıײ
ڣҶЦķ֣ԴԱµھ֮󣬾һ쳣ҶЦĵѸࡣ
һ仯ΪϲҶЦȴҲδҵģΪдмҵ֪·;Ī⣬κһⶼܵ¼صĺǾתǰаһΣʼջδ֪
Ͼ̫ζڱδûжҩ
мڴˣҶЦǱķֱɱɵȻı
תȻϤתΪȻ֮ȴƺʲô
ص쳣ĻֺǿȻϡ٣ֻһ˿һǷݺ޼ĳȻоȴڡһ㣬ҶЦȣȻȻһϵơ
ίʵҶЦһ
ҶЦʲôˣ۷ǿЦΪˣʶε˵á
ԴΪ˿ʼȻܿ죬ʵΪʱȲϵ֣ҶЦ֪񹦵ĹΣȴ֮ˣݹҶЦǰʹûܹᲢ۵
Ȼֽ׶ֻó񹦣ҲǾƥ
еһ˿ҶЦжϣȻǱȲ񹦣һĲ࣬ǿᲢ۵ļ
⣬׾ǱµѪ
ҶЦԽԽǸоȣͬʱĪľϲ
»٣ڰ»ͬʱҲԼΪͻƣȣҪȹ̵ı˶ˣ
ҶЦ־ϲĻоȹ̣ȵҶЦȫϣѾȥһʱʱ䡣
ٶȴռ䣬ҶЦʶسһˣҵΪǰһȵԪΣˡ
½ʼǵͼλ棬ԶԶͬնܶԶЧȻúܶࣻпռռղĴҲ޷һƷʣȴ޿κε飬в
ȻĻΧһ˵Ѿ˰ٱǧ䱾˵
ҶЦЩż
Ȼ֪飬޿κΡ
ԼΪȻο̵۹ҲǷǰ٣ǣȻĽȣҶЦҪȴǲ˺Զ
ĿǰĽҪʱػǰ۷壿
мʵʵڵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ǲһ飬ͻǿЩԼǰΪڣһܴɴϣԼǰҫԼƫƫʹ򲻹ʱ򡭡ҶЦ͸о޵ƣȻӵķƼꡣ
˵ֻ»ҪȥǻҪܳһʱ䡣
ԭǻϲãɢ̾˿߳ռ䣬ϡ
ˣ
Ҷһͷײʲô֮ϡһʱͷԾʹǰð˹ȥ


257 λ
ҶЦĿǰΪȻԱǰԣȻͺ½ԣȴǶǿߣʵʵ˵λľǿߣȻ˼£ҲĪϮɣ
ǿ̧ͷȥֻǰȻֻСһŵ
ŵƺҲܵʲôţײȥߣҡҡλΣڿзȥ
Ȼ
ҶЦ״ʱиһ¡
ղŻΪϮȣȴǷĵ׵ĺ£
õЦ־µ飬ֻ»δмĳײȴǸѡ
ŵܹԪֹŽĳգһԪֵǹԴҳһʱʱӦҶٵԺУ
˿̣ȻԼͷϡ
ҶЦҡҡͷԼԴȻֹȻһ
ҺҺãֻǱ˶ѣ
ԲۣҶЦ֮࣬ӵƣüŵŭһһȥ
ǿŵȴδӦȥڿתתȥȥҶЦԴתòڱﰲοǸ֮⣿
ҶЦ˿Ѽʵûĳһߡ
ಣ
ǿŵȻֵǰ١
ѾĵҪʲôҶЦüȵڿûй㣬أһ˵пͬѾģҵĵ̣ȻҽˡȻôţƣ²Ϊ˭Ҳ˭徻
漴Ǵ̤ߣ࿴ĳһ۵̬ȶǷ
ǿŵȴַɵǰȴǺܸɴҶٵԴһ𣬾Զ˲ȥ˼
ҶЦˣǳͻƣȴԼȫ˽ԼԴ֮⣬ЧҲޣĳް㶯ֻ粽á
㵽ҪʲôҶЦŭˡ
治ҶٲĳĴ̬̫ɶˣǿһԪǿߵĳղԴˣȻӲǰôܲͷۣԴûþˣͷһξͺ㹻ˣټӲǾԲˡ
ҶŭȣǿŵʼҶЦǰһһȻһȻͣǰΡȻˡ
ȴһڴоǺĴ˳
ҶЦһЩѾⲻǣ
ǿŵƺڵͷ
ӲϡҶЦͷһڣӾҪߡ
ǿŵòǼˣٶȶҶٵŲ뿪
ҶЦٶһĳȥȴǽԼۣĳ˿δ
ҶЦŭ㣬ŭÿѾֻһŵֲһοù·ء
ǿŵͲҶЦ˵ʲôֻһζĵ·˵ɶҲȥ
˾ǧ˵ֻһ·
˽ְΣȴǱ˴޼ơ
ҶЦյ̫Ѩ˵һŵòʶûأҪ˵ʲôоѾľôסҵ·Ҫʲôһܸʲôأ
ǿŵֶˣһȦһȦ
ҶЦһ̾
˸ȥ
⶯ҲԼףô
˵ɶã
ۿֽٶ䳡ǿŵڿл˻ΣͻȻƺʲôһ㡣ȻƵȴǰߡ
һߴǵͷɵǰֹȻȥƣҶЦףԭһĿģҪԼߵרͨȥ
ܼǸط
мĳǿִţҶЦֻһ߹ȥٿǸӵʱǿŵƯƹȥһȦȻҶЦǰ»˻ΣȻֵǰߣһֱҶƵǰ棬ǲͣڼơ
롭ȥҶЦӣһЩ˵
ʵӣ˵ռĵطǰŵԼһƨɰռھȻԼȥ
ȻǸܱ׼ʾþٶ治ϡҲ̫ɶ˰ɣ
˼ҵֻڼƣҶܹԿֶʵѷǿܲá
ҶЦκ֮£ֻñŹһԵ飬ӣŽɵƮ
ǿŵȻûǸ˵ط˺üȦȻҲǰ
Ȼ侲Ĳˡ
ǵҶЦɲǼͷת߻أ֪ηӳˡ
⡭ô£
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԭֻǴλһᣬͬ⣬ÿÿǿϣھȻԶĽԼš
òĵĲʺĵطѽ
ӣһһŵġ
мλûиİѣһŵļ˿νã˿Ϸ졢赺ϣһôܺءҲδزʣΪƨɵҲһġ
ȻľʹӿҶֻоջһ˭ܹ֡ƨɷХĹŹָо
УҶЦпЦõ˵
ƻһӵƨһԷŽҲûһ̵ķң


258 Ҹ
Ȼ̬ΣȻĽ뷽ʽҲǳرΣҶЦֻǸո£֪Īô
ǾǡҪ˹ԻͬɽХһ㣬ӿ롣Ҫģֻ˵Ψһ飬ֻɣ
ᴿ
˶ѣ
ΪӿƵʣһ֡ĸоƺֻҪӦԵһ㣬ͿܻᱻȻűըȻϵĳˢķΧ֮£ͲںЧˢһٳˢһ飬ѭ಻ֹ
ȻǺõطҶЦοһ£ȻҶЦ֪ӡᱻ˳ʱ̾ᣬȻͬСɣȴҲû뵽죬ڿֵ񣬾͸оЩˡ
쵰ÿ춼һǰǰ󵽵ȡ˶
Ǿһֲ֡
ֻ˵֡ɳҲΪɣ
ǰЦյҲûŵôࡣ
һҪᴿ֮ķݡ
˼ҵȴǲҪᴿḶ́ܶһԶֱɣ¶ֻ࣬١
ݲ߲ܡ
ֵǣôô֮࣬Ȼûз
סûг֡
ǹֵһö
ҶЦԸп֮࣬ȫӦĺˢȻȫӦԣԾɽоЩӦѣΪʵ̫ˣ
ߣԼڵӣҲʵЩŵġ
Լһֻרŵ񲻾͵һŵ
Լôεţƨɵ»ХŹο磬һɶ࣬Ǻɶġ
׵ǣԼĿλãȻһŵǸλãɾˡ
ҶЦôһ룬ЩëȻϽһµվ
˵ʵ治վҲˣȥԼľѾɲ˸û׼ľͱűˣǸϽɾչ鼺ΪԼв
ⳡȴˬ徭ҶЦЩؿ˿ֻӡ
ĬĬؼһ£ͨղŵƵʣԼҪӵʲôΪܹϳǱһо֮£ֱٶЦĪ
ҶЦϸյĳĽ۾ǣԼԪ۷ΣҲǳܲϵࡣ
һʱܹ̾
ҪȵģҲԪ۷пܣҳʱ䣬ҲԴﲻһʱ
ҶЦһǿŵо˲죬·ƮҶЦǰһɵ֮Ȼ֣òƻίζ
ҶѾõĵطøˡզվˣ
ѵڻô
㡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҶЦϤ˵ֵοһԼȻʹһЩֶζԸһֻûʶĵоЩ죬ĵطˡ
ǿŵЩȻǺܷǳĲס
ҶЦɴཫֱСĵķм䡣
漴ԼһĽλãȻͷ˵ˣ
ǿŵһģϲãԼòЩжˣ˰õλãҡ
Ǹ˰
ȻôΪ룬ôãһ˳ȥ̫ˡѹô
ŵһжƮɽҶЦĻһĥ䡣
һֻϲ˵Сè䣬ڶ
ҶЦЩȻ
˿̵ҶٺظоŵԼϿǳ̶ͻȻʮϣ
զأ
Ҹɶˣ
Ҳûɶ
ҶЦĵЩ£ҾǰԭĶѣһΪԼ޷ʱòŻ㡭Ȼ͸жˣ
ǵ
ҶЦг̾
ɵȻѾҶЦҲټӲȥôˣαҪһأ
ҶЦţĬĬľԺԵָһ㡭
ҶЦ߳ռʱ򣬵־Ȼ᣺Ҫˡ
һֱ͵ռſڣҪҶЦų
ôĵ֣ҶЦЩˣ۸ֱʤ֮䡣
ҶЦ֮ͽĶȫŵ˿ռʱ鱦ӴĲռģֱǺԴ
ҶĿⷿѾŲˡ
ҶЦһ԰ռ䣬ʱľռֱٴһռ˲䱬Ȼһʱ󣬲Ž֮ȫȡĻ۳
Ҳǧľ
һС飬λþضѻ
ռٶȱÿտ䡣
ռ䣬Ҳջֱӵ˿ռ֮ڵͻȻ䱩
֮ǰХȥ
˷ܵؼԼʯͷ飬ڿзͷܹ˵ĻҪߺꡣ
̫Ҹˣ


259 
ĵرԴ֮Ƭ̺ҶЦоӿȣȴռһʱԿ֮泱⵹Ǹı仯»ĵһЦصԸķ䣬һӵ˵Ҷ磬ô
һŮӵؿ
ҶЦԺʰޱ׶֮һɣһʱŮϰסҶЦķ˳ƾͰռҶٵĴ
ҶЦŮɫȴ˲ʱÿֻŮȫǺˮͷһһƵġ
ؾǲأ˻ûãƫҪҶҶЦֵĿһۣô
û£û¡񾲵һƬЦûˣֻڳѣϣԪ⣬ȻҪһ壬Ȼһʼʱʹʹûǡÿһλܻ֮оԼָ࣬ԲǴʵġ
ҶЦ̾˿ȴǲҵģǰ鿴
״ȷѾָ˺ܶ࣬ǵ˴Σ״̬Ѿ΢ڿشһ˽飻ҪĻڣȶ黹ûȫָ֮⣬ĸ֮Ѿָ߰˰ˣֻҪһʱȫڻ¡
Ѵȴ׵׵Ķ״νǼ֣ҶЦʱҪƷĵرҩǼеطϧѪ޸
ҶЦжϣȻԼѾϧѪȫƣҪ޸׵Ҫ൱һʱ䣬ǱָҶЦһϲڱĳ£ЩҩϤܵرҩ˷ѣ״׵ȻȱĵطõûҪ졣
˵ʵϣҶЦ˼⡣
ٺõҽַٳɫĵر޸ҩõԾ޹ƹУҩʧȴһ޷״⵼룬ܹʵڻҩռȫҩһ룬ѾǷǳЧʣʧֵҩ߳ڣ⣬漫١
ʵϣҽУԶƷ׶֣޷ʧĶһ˺ʵҩҲˣ޷γҩδزһϵġҩֶӦڴ˴
ϣȴһֽ˼ķʽ޶ȵıҩʧеҩȫڻƸȻҶЦԤУ
֮á˼ݱϣǹγϣʵϣӵ൱߲εʵҲͲֵþˣǣһԪ֣Ҳһ㣻ֻһͨŮʧˣȴܹһ㣡
ֿǷ˼
˺ǲܱȽϰҶЦ쳤̾
òϣϣŵΡ
̾ڱ츳֮࣬ԣҲͬҶЦ̾Ϊֹ
ˣֻҪ궯һͻʹ裻ʼռţÿһ춼ԼԼܣڼٸԪ̡
ֻΪҶЦ˵һ壬˻֮õҩĺ
Աεؼסˡ
ֻΪҶЦһ仰Ȼÿζʹ۴ޣȴǾǿԼԼܹһĺ
һҪһֻкź簡ҧ촽һ첲һʹҶЦгΪһյϣ
ҶЦĵ׷һԵۣԼ鲻
˳ĵͷȴһȳһյ߹ֻСֱסҶЦĸ첲̧۾һ粻˯š
ҶЦ̾˿˺ˣҸϴϴ˯˰ɡ
һ죬šԼϴɡ
ҶЦظÿΰϴ壬ֱһױȵĥ
Ӿ塢ַĥԵĲҹ̣
һ縡͹ĳ壬ƫƫԼʲôһ붼ҪԼԴŮһԴʱ
ÿÿǸʱҶЦоԼʲôأ⡣
ϴһΣԼҪܵüҪըˡ
Ȼ󻹵ñСѾͷ˯˯ɶĶС
һֺεȵĥ
ԼޣȻҪ˵Լ޶磬ĵĶĥ
СѾͷԼϴˣǼֱ̫ˣģ
ҶЦڴϣԡﴫĻ죬Ժ˲ʱֳһ壬̲סǱǿ׷ȣҪѪ


260 ĥ
ھ£֮ʵӴ˳嶯ģ
ҶٸϽȫľŬԼƽ
൱΢ʱ򣬾ˮ֮࣬ɻ˵Ц硭
Ц硭
ֱǹǣҶЦʹʧأһŵʲô£
Һְǰ˼⣺ҵؿ⣬ôأǰûԭΪΪͶôЩҲƽ۲ǡ
ۣ
ֻǡ⡯״ҶӱѪҲƲסӿֱѪȪһ㡣
ĳʱƶѪ״Ĵүѵز˲ĳѪգ˵ȣǲţǱ˵ı־
ɻ󣺡ôʵҲԼ֮ǰ̫һǰҲȷʵûôߣ
ҵҲͬˡҲԼˡɻ
ҶЦǱƯѽ
ϲεӴ
Ȼģ϶ġҶЦ϶ĵͷ
⡭ᰡҲȥôͦšյ˵ûʲô취ȥ̫ˣ·ˣ׸
ֹıԹ
ҶЦոպֹסıѪٶ۵
ҵǣ
ŮҪӵزȴɵãСѾͷȻҪȥ
ҶЦһ߲Ѫһ߷ۡ
浹Ҳˡôë
ġҶЦ̲סԹıһסԴģ˰ɣĵĲˡǺεȵļ尾
УϴˣĽŲһһصĽߵ˴ߣһζôҶЦıǿ
˵Ŀ
Ц硭ôˣһۿߵëմѪòҲЩ΢ѪһһʧƿҶЦıӣЦ磬ôˡѪˡˣ
һۿҶЦǿأԻѪŻˣһӾͱס޵Ц硭ôˣ㲻Ҫء
ҶЦʱоԼܴɵһƬӿ֮У廬ۣ֮һ캶ҡζֱǿףողƽıѪһο
һӴûҺõˣЦ硭ҪˣҲˡžžવµ
ҶЦ֡ؽԼԴӱа˳ߺ˵ɵҪްЦû£еϻѪܻ𡣲õŶ㿴ڲǺúõô
أԾδעµļ飬ڷ˵ģȴЩɵĵĵûôղ˺öѪ
û飬żѪʵʲô¡ҶЦ϶ĵͷһ̵ĴŮҶЦˡ
ղһѪȪӿĵҪƶѪˣ
мҶЦãڷؿڣʱһӿҾͷˡ
ҶЦһƳ׳۵ľ£ҪѪѵ˹ֹסˡ
һ̣ӱȻֻһССĶǶôŲԼ壬һҶЦıѣСزʹԼ˴Ȼȫ˱ѣ̾˿૵ֱһҸӣʹԾˡ
漴һ˫۵ĸ첲켫رסҶЦӣһ߻壬Ҳ˲ʱҶЦϡ
ٶԸ̾ҪһӶôЦ磬ʲôҲˣʲôҲҪˡЦ磬ϲϲ㡭
ҶЦ˲ʱ֮⣬ḧͷһֱҸȥģЦ籣֤
龡֮ϣֵĵͷС촽ҶЦžž£Ҿ֪Цˣ£ҶЦȣۿҪ˯˹ȥ૵ĵ̫Ҹˡ˯졣
һߵҶЦȴʹ״иߺˣˣ̫ʹˡģ̫ʹˣү˰ɡ

бһ㣬ҶЦʹһҹû˯ţֻøɴ˹񹦡
˳ģѾ˯˵ıϣת֮һľƣĹ
ˮ֮Ҳһγ϶صĵطÿ˼ΡҲιΣңСѾͷʶʣҪιʳĻҶٽ϶ĶȱѪȪӿΡ


261 ֲ
ȻȻˡ
ֻһҶЦĸоƺһɹ֮Լڣ¶Ҫӵơ
ҶЦвޣµΪȻ̫ˡԼȫ˹֮£ֻǻʮ֮һĹ֮ԼѾ֮ôʱ䣬Ȼвδȫ滯
ڣǲֲĹ֮͸¶ױȵǿԼɵ򡭡
ȻƹĵϵˣȻôƳϲ¹ȻһţңΪܹĵزҲ˿ɾ̾
ҶЦĽ֮С
һ߼ܾ֮ȫһң˺һ
ҶЦȻûвԼ֣ڱϣԼΪûΪֹԱϴˢ֮ȫһֱڱڳתÿתʮ죬ͻһ˿˿ϸ΢˼㣬ȴǾ˿ֲ˳ϢĽҶЦĵ
֮ǿܣͲԴڱ£ǡ
ֻһ㣬ҶЦȫȻ֪
ʱ֣һ֮УǿʢʱҶЦԾ붨֮С
˼Ȼȴû˿˫ĵĴ۾ע״̬֮еҶЦԼԼо˿̵Ц̫˧ˡ
̫ˡ
̫ÿˡ
ôôƯأ
ҧ촽ɬֵעЦ磬ͻȻ˵Ůӳ˶Ҫ޸˵ŵġ˳ҲҪŵġǵҳˣɲԸЦ統ţ
ͷ֮࣬жʱСͨ죬ҶЦһҲҶˣȴоԼ
Ȼ
һ̣Ѿתһҹ񹦣Ϊѭγһ޴С
ңΪڱľУƺһβʲôӦв֪ʱѾԽԽ
ڿУתıһ޴©״ͨ쳹أ
ҶЦʱչҲˣȫ֮Уڣϲ״̬ܹǵչ
Ǿ޴УƺӦ֮䴿Ȼ࣬Ȼ͵תγһ쳣ǿʢ
ɰٴ
šһͬˮһ߼й
ͬһϸ΢ĳңԶʱڶһԵҶЦľ֮УҶЦȻȻӯơ
Ȼֻڵһת֮󣬱޾ռ֮С
֮Ҳֻһʱתվѣ
ҲҿˣƵͱ˹Ӵıˣǽ֮ĵԾûи塣
ӿԽԽ࣬ӿʼ˿˿ƣıӿ
ҶЦĵֻ˵壬ƺһռصŦͨɽ鱩һ㣬ôȵĽռ䡣
ȻȻݻӴ޾ռУԲֻðӵʱ䣬ͱȫͬ˸ղŵӯξء
֮пռ䣬޾ռ֮ȴҲоŴԿռ䡣
Ŵռ˲һգϷֽһ޾ռΣȻھŴռ亣ɰٴͬʱȴиԴԴϡ
ȻǾŴռǳһͬӴԾֻʱάһ֧ƽľ棬޾ռһʱ̼ȳӯ״̬֮УһγɵľŴռδ޾ռҪٱıվνǿֲƽ⡣
ǣػ˵˷ٶƵʳռأ
ʵԭܼ򵥣Ǻܵ
ڸղţ֮ľͻȻһ˲ȫʧӰˡ
ôһ˲ʱ䣬¼еĸ߶ͬһʱоԼôתҲӦ֮Ϣ
˾ľȻ󾪣Ī
ֻǣٴתʱȴַһֶָȻɻ󲻽⣬ȴɵһ˶һͬͷѵղžǳ˴
ҡҡͷֻѸղһ˲֣ԼĴ
ں½ľ߻߿Խһ˲ıʿԵɴΪαʵʼٸߣֻ˵ʶߵҶӣȴǰδеΣ֮С
ȻֻǸӦʧ˲䣬Ȼֻһ˲ȴʼϤѹһ㣬ӿ룬Ȼʱݣһ൱ֲ֡
Ѿֶݣ
ȻǹޱȣҶЦֽǹǳ޾ռȻĪ⣬Уȴڳ״̬ܹӵû죬ȴδؾɿǰӴ
ϵĴڱȻԳҶЦ


262 Ǵ
޾ռпռ伫ת֮£δۼʱƽʱȴһ˲֮״̬֮ҶЦ˷Ӧ˼ʻѣҪըȻѣԭתȻֹ
Ϊһ̣ҶЦȻ֣Լĵ֮УԭյģͻȻѾӽ˱ƵıԵӯһ̾Ҫըĵز
ɵô档
ֻһϵʱ䣬ôᷢô˼ı仯
Ͻֹͣ񹦵תӿʹֹ
ѵĽô򵥣
ȴߵıһƺǺʹӣüͷ
Ȼһ̣ȴûûˣһתΪһȻԵõӡ
ҶЦʵôˣ
ɻ˵ղͻȻܣҪһ룬Ѿˣȫ񻹺ƵģǹŹ֡
ҶЦ֪Լñܵ˳ڵ״Ӧûд󰭣Ҳ˿
벻һбʵԴͷԴ񹦣֮ǰһֱڱתֵϤ飬޳ӯҶЦԼ޾ռ䣬ղȻֹͣ񹦵תֹͣӿ룬ҶЦӲ֪ģ֮䱼ӿһûͨҶЦľȴԾŹԣһԶ˱ľ֮С
֮ܡӯƣΪһ㡣
ֻһ̣ǲԾԼӴʧ˱֮У˲ʱָȻǵˣȴ飬ȻǺɻġ
ƫƫһ㣬ҶЦҲǰҲ֪ġ
ȫ֪ı仯Ȼ֮ޣ벻ֻһͨŮ˿ѾըΪ⡭
ڱ˵˵ǹشľǺɺõľ磬ȫ¶õ˽Ƶ岻оòĹأ
ҶЦ֮ǰȻҲϴˢȫ磬ҶЦжУһȫΪͨŮֻƽķʽνУȻ񹦱Ī⣬ޱȣҶЦȴǹ̫ǳĶϴˢڱֻ˵ǵ㵽Ϊֹˮн
ȻҲָܻ壬Ƴ߳ҲǱһֱĿǰûȬһأĺ룬ȴѽɺԵľõһοǰ󣬺ȻǺõúܣ
ȷ˱ҶЦתͷռ䣬һ֮£͵һ
ֻռ֮ڣռŨ̶γʵһ㣻Ŵռƴһ״̬գϵתΪԿռ֣Ȼļġɣռ֮е˿١
ҿҶЦĿɿڴ
ôʲô
Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
Цʶ㣬ȴҲһҹʲô¡
һҹ֮䣬ôͻ˾޴ı仯
ԼΪڸոͻԪһƷ֮ԪƷͻƵıԵҿռڵҲͻȻóӯ
춼һһסҶЦ°ͣ૵ʮܳˡ
ţɵЦһ¡
ȴ֪˿̵쿪ղŵȻһ⣬Ϊڱ֮еʱ򣬱ȴǽ˺һ
֮н˺һ״̬ȻǺ£״̬֮Уһյɹƽ֮Ȼ״̬ȴҲ־״̬֮УȫƾתΪ״̬õй
ľƽƽ棬һ糣ˣʵȴƺ̲ǳһĺ嫡
ҶЦ˺һ״̬֮࣬˱صĲΪԵγһص©Уԣ֮籡˲Ϣ֮һɨ⣡
˶ûʶ½еģȻõĺôȴҲĪΣҶЦû޾ռΪĺܣбɽһ˶Ϊⳡ⣬ܲȻ
ֻǣҪٴγǻԵ硢ʱ䡭ȸغһȱһɣҶЦ룬֡
˴αʹȻΣķҶЦõĺôͬҲǳ룬ƣڽļ֮ھȫָ
֮䣬
ҶЦоڵĴ૵󣬾ͳͻԪڶ㣡
򵥵ϴһ£˱ͳŶȥ
ҶЦŵʱĵĴ۾գգƺ˵ʲôȴֹ
ҶЦӰѾˡ
üͷôоЦϺأƺǡѪһֲ֡ĶôأǴôţһǴ


263 ܣɱȶ
ҶЦ˸εĵطܹ˶Ŀٶת˷̬֮
ڣѾΣﾡǣԲᱻ˷֣ıòΣɱһʧ
Ͼһ¹ش򲻿ɱ¶ݣҶЦȻҲѡһ׵ڣתݣѵѡɾ
Ȼûʲôǡԡģ
ҶЦոոĻҪ߳ȥʱͻȻ䣬է죬һ˵ЦȻ
벻벻벻򾩳ǵҶ󽫾ӣ֮ףȻ鱦Ĵƹ񣬺ǺǣǸóƺҶӣǳƺ
ģ˶񶾵ζ
ƺһ֮Уһʾ޴ĲƸһСϣ־ϲϲȷɱԽĶ񶾣ĲΣ
ҶЦһ˲佩Ӳһ¡
벻ԼôСģȻǱ˷ˣ
תѭȥעԴ
ͬʱ֮˷
һˣ˫ִʩʩȻ˽ЦĿҶЦһأʮӡ
ƺҶЦУѾвͣвˣ˿η塣
ֻҪһֵ֣ô׾١
ֻǸУֱǸ˾һ٣׼С˵־
ҶЦ˭
˺ٺһЦԾȤ񲻶ϴҶЦޣȻҶӣȻǷ˻򶨣ҹĿ࿴
ҶЦ˿ҲԾɵĵ㻰ء
Ȼ޲ңȻǴƣ֮УȻһ߸ϵư
ƺһ߸ϵĵʷĳӣ˲ַϣ
ҶЦ¸һΪԷֻһˡ
ҪĻڣһ߽ʱϷľɫƺոո˯߹һв˵ܹԼݣֻǵɺϣ
˱ҶЦӸµĿһʣʱЩͷŭѾҵУȻֿ˵
ֱǲ֪
ôһ룬ȻǻػҪڵʱֻҶЦѾٴοڡ
ҶЦĿͻȻڵϢ󷨣ǳŵˣ
ھȣƾ¶֮Ϣжϳҵʦ˵ãֻϧϳңҲܲ˵ģһ˵ܵˣܵô鱦ֻҶܲ˰ɣ
ҶЦף˵ʵҾûܣΪûҪ
ĵɱȻ
˴˼ʼȻԼһ⣬ǳ˵ݣ۳ĸĿȡе
Ȼˣǲɱˣôܹô뿪
ȴҲȻԭǳŵĹϢ󷨣żȻϢϢԼµʶȻܹһ󣬵ϢһУ˾ͬ죬ѹԼ
бѴɣղǾ仰ĿıΪ̽Է޿֣һڳϣҶЦеһ񼡣
ԼѾСˣôֲᷢ
ԭྐྵˡ
ǳŹϢ󷨣Լڵľ©Ҳ̫ϡ顣
ֻҶЦȴҲ˸˼־裬ԺҪעǳǱߵĶ
һ򣬾һʼСʻ괬
Ҹղʲô˵ûܣ˼µһЦǷΪҶ˵ҪԶءȻҪɱڣνĳ˵Σ쿪ҲͲ˰ɣ
һһҶӣһһʱʱ̿ѣѾܣ
ҶЦЦЦû˵
ֻȴѾü˷
һ̣ҶЦľǰδе״̬ۡ
ȫȫģȫ⣬ȫ꣬ȫǰδеļ޵
ǰ˭һΣһ˼Լܣϵ̫̫ѵǻŹȥƱػὫԼй¶ȥǺŻԶ
ԷȻô󷽷߳Ȼ޿֣дѵ֡
˵ģͫȻɢɫ˵˵ΪԪ߾硣ȻԷҲѾԼʵȷԼԲĶ֣Ÿôյ޼ɵĴʴʡ
һսֻһսᣬȫгñʱ֮ʱ̾Ϣûмʱٻ֡
ҶЦ֮еɱԽԽŨٴ̽һ䡣
ܹȷ˵ľڻûа֣жٰ֣ϼѵѡ
Ķදɱġ̾˿˵ʵлȥĵزȫԽѣͨޣ


264 ǣ
ҿɲҪѡҶЦ˵Լһˣ
˹һЦ˵ǷóϷеĹȴδܲµϷ˭Ƿ֪˭ͻ֪Ϸ򲻹ʲô飬Ƕ顣ԷǸоܹɱҡ־ǣֻҪɱϷ򣬷ܱ㲻й¶ǰҶӣ
ҶЦһ㶣˳ڵŶʸ˭մ
˰Ȼ˵ǳ洹죬ǧҵ¶ϷǣܿϷḶ́Ҳ˵Ϸְɣ
˵ĿǣҶЦһԼֺţ˵̸׳ƳҲǿ𺳣׹µ֮ľ̾ʣ
ҶЦĿǣû˵ĺôȻӺܰǸû˵
ʱΪ֮ᣬŭ˵˵û˵Ϸ򣿡
ҶЦҡͷȷûУǡû˵ľʫţȻƺеӣʵ򡭡ǹƨͨǺǧҵ¶ǰҲǲͨΪǻʵۣȻлǧҵ˵̫ࣿȻ¶ӲգûĻû֪ʶ
ҶЦһ˵һҡͷꡣ
ƺȻôûĻӣ֮ľ档
û֪ʶĺܿ°ҶЦͬʵ㡭Ϲѧô
һΣ㵱治֪治֪
𣿵治֪Ȼ֪ȷʵ֪ǲ֪ҶЦƲƲ죬мһ˵˵
˵֮ǰ˵ֻջˣҲӦ֪ʵ۹һʿںرɱɣӦ֪ԭİ˴֮еʯҺңͻȻһҹ֮䱻Ϊƽصɣ˵ֻ֪ܸĸªţʵ㣬£Ϸµģ
ƽĶۣǡ֣ȷʵ䶯½
µ飬ֱ˵֣̲סɫ԰ףĲ
˵׿
ղ˵ڴ¼֮⣬˲֪캦ı飬ȴʼƣֻŰⱳ御
ƫƫд˻һϰߣÿ֮ʱϲԼġˣȻɱѹ˵ĸоˬ
ȻҲһֱʮųµġˡ֢
ֻǣΪġ˶ֻǡ
ϧҶЦƫƫȴһҲ֪ͳͳһŲ֪
εá壬ʼֻԾں½˵׾ֻһԪεЦ֮ĺգ
Ȼˣ֮ǰżȻ֪˵ġҶЦҲԻ˵֪ģΪҶЦ֣ƺڱ֪ǲ֪ԼּΪ⡣
ҶЦôעԼΪе
Ǹղصᵽһ־Դ¼ҶЦȴ֪ġ
Ϊʮǰһսǵ£Գʵ۹ӰԶ
ʱֵʵ۹ԭ彻սս֡
һҹ֮䣬ʾһʿͻȻϤڷսֳȱ©³ʵ۹մܣʮղ¾ɱ
֪ԭ򣬾Ȼλһ˵ǴĸףǸй֮࣬ԼĶӣΪ˳Ȼð󲻻佫λɱ֮еĽһ£Աֶȫɱøɸɾ
ҶЦ֮ԻرעȴΪҶҶЦ˵飬ҶϵĳȣȴҲµʼٸߣ֮ǣֵֻʵԼճԣ֪٣
֪ףȻǰǣ
ҶЦƮƮʵһˣ
ǵɫʱѿ
ҶЦ˲ʱѾ³˽ۣû뵽Ȼʵ۹ı֮ˣȴɱʵ۹ľӣǣ㻹ƤϡҸ㣬ˣ˵ѹڣ֪ô
Цߣ޹ҽޣ֮˵
仰˵õ治ҪҶЦͷ߿ûйǲǿ˵ҲûмңǲҲ˵Ҳûиĸû޶еһУںˣ˾ĸףҲԹĮģ
ŭ㶮ƨǸΪҵĸףҲŽһȫʲôԼļ˶ػãʲôޣ
УȻдʡƺ飬ǺеվԼһһ㡣


265 Ľ߾ȫ
һػˣǿɣղҲ˵ǽֻȻͰ㣿ȻɱһˣһУֻΪһʱ֮ҶЦüʵ
ˣЦ

ҶЦͷֻΪһʱ֮յһսʧҲ˳ʴܣɽʮϤԭ֮£Ϳ̿ѣҲǣ
ŭΣ
Ρֻܵóһۣ飡Ȼ丸ӣҶЦͷ˵ǣһͷβ֣λֻɥ顣Ǻǣλ϶ںڣΪʲôֻΪûиɴɱǸˣɱˣǲɱúãΪȻôһһĶӣϧǻңɱˣɱ˵㻹С˶ӣҲһɱˣպŻ
ĺӶòһЦȻҶҲȻ֮ףЩмܲס
ҶЦһ˵ֻҪеܣ˵ĻмܵסôǣѾоԼҼܲסô֪ζʲô
ǳĿɱһţ㾹Ȼûܣ
ҶЦصû˼
ʶһȴҶЦٴ׷һ仰˵ֻ϶㲻һƲһѣΪһʱ㽫֮ͬˣҹɽӣ֮ˣͲǸˣ˶ˣ֮ģ
ȴû
𽥱ͨ죬ۿҪ
һֱεһȻΪע⶯ƢҲȷʵϰ˶ʱһֱûʲô쳣ɴ͵˸˷ֵĵطȴû뵽طһܡ
˿̵ҶЦУǾɾӣ
Ĵڱ
û뵽һ;Ȼô˵ûм仰ЩԼը˷Σ
ڱȻܴ󣬿ܺóԣδܺóԣζŵĺܣ
ãܺãܺúܺã˵仰ȴǿһһءɱǿӿȫΡ
ವĴɲǼ䣬Ȼ˲ʱ϶һɭ
ڿ𣿱ֲ˵佱ĺûɾ͸УҸе衣ҶЦ䵭Ŀܾûô˵˰ɣҲ²£ǿˣ˵úܶԣǿ׼ɵС˵أһúܹ񫣿ú죿ǲǣ
ҶЦһ˵ϵĴ߷ڵ߷ԼĿԼΪܹһЩжã
ֻҪԪ磬ͲҪ߷ۻ̣˲䱬ȥﻹҪǰһôĻͳˡ
ڣȴֻܸĵ
ں½νġ߾ȫ壬ֻ۵ȫѾ̧һָͷУȴҲ㲻ϡ߾ȫ
Ϊ˿Եģ֮⣬ʶǡ֮ǳ֮֮
ΨЩȫǣ˵ġ߾ȫ
ڣҶЦɵģһ㡣
֮Իѡ˷սԣȴΪҶЦں½ļʶƣǰֻҪۿۣΪǳŵˣϰĹԴš
͸ԣҪЦ֮ϣЦȻΪˣԪ߲㣬ʵȴԶԶȲЩţջûԪҶЦȻȡԪн׵ʵΪȻԪȴ̫տǰǣǸ̵Ĳ࣡
ǰƣȴһҪ´ˣҶЦ֪ԼΪԷܶ࣬Ҫһ´ˣƴҲδܳ¡
ҶЦһΨһлһ´˵ֶΣֻһΡ߾ȫ
ȻҪɡ߾ȫҶЦҪģʱ䡣
۲ĳƢȴֲǰ˿ʾֻ֪ҪԼ΢һЩܹȡʱ䡣
ΪһѰɱԼ
Ѵɾӵ⡣ҪԼϾȡĺô档
֪̼֣սֵĿҶЦԾɲϣò
ǰ
ְκʱ򣬶ۡ
һ˵һΣеڶΡ
ίߣҲԼƳɳĪĲ
ҶЦɰֱӱ֣۷壡
յЦǣʱյҶЦǣ


266 Ϊǿ
㡭֮裬Լңǻȡһ³
Ǻݺ˵
ҶЦٺЦôǲ֪һʳܣ׼ɥĲ˵ʲôô
ͻȻЦһҹǲеģӵĹͷӲУмҹ£룬Ҳɲǵ˵޹
Ǵһ
棬ͻȻΪ֮һ¡
һ֮ȴҪŭȻйһЩ
ҶЦһ쵰ǰشǰȻǲɱңҲҪٱˡ
Į쳣ϼһ˿δȴƾն˼ȴǾƲԳԷˣ
ƻҲǾơҶЦ˷粻һ˲ǣȵʲôƣ
Ҫҵ޿̡
ҶЦ˶˵ôˣҪҺȷƣͲᣬӺȾƲţҶʣжô˵жӣǲûأ
ͽѿ֮Ʋôúȵġ̤ǰһĿ񣺡֮裬ѾɹҶʧȥġ
Ҹ㣬ѡ񣬵һѡ·޹飬ڶѡ񣬱ǹԹԵҵūרṩҵ񵤣Ժеĵ񵤣ȫֻһУ
Цһ˶⣺ҳҪ̸ģҪ㱣൱ɣԼȴƻԼһЩĻᡣ
ҶЦЦһ˵ôΪ˵Ǹ˵ĵǸ֪ǲǴڵ˵ӣô˺䲻ңһۣ
̬ƮƮĿ޲Ļֱð
Լ˺ȣԳһ仰
ʲôΪβ˵ӣδԸĵҶЦ˵ʵǸˣ˵ʵ˵ҶоԼˣΪʲôôأҴӿ˵ѵĪĹô㲻ϲ񣬻𣿡
ŭһڳ֣
һһźӰ
ȴ룬ҶЦ֮ǰѾһˣ
һ⣬Ӱ
һ˫ƣ˸ֿգ
޿̣߶֡
ⲻ֪ҶЦҲ̲ͬסˣ
Ϊ
Ѿߣ޿ƣ
Ķ񶾻쵰ҶЦо֮ʵ̫ԲԼˡ
λĸףڶԵս¹ҽĹؼʱ̣ôܹ֣һ޹ʿһ򱣼Ѫһɱ
ǡͲǸˣ
Ǹӣδĳ
ҶЦ֣Ƕһ룡
߲Ÿոճ֣⾪ǰһɭȻɱ
Ǿþս֮ȻǰͻأȴҲλңӾһΣӭҶЦԪ൱츳֮СͷҲ̫࣬鱦ԴǿжѻĳɾͣƴսοһֻԼˣֵ
˫ƽӣֻ͡һ죬ֻоľȻһʹʲһٺ֮࣬˹ƣ˲ʱ㽫֧ƻ˸һ㣬㴦ãԷĹйŹ֣ҲܽΣ̶ȼ֮͡
Ǿô˱䣬ûٶչƣ˳˳ȥʮɣͷһֻԼϣȻһϸϸ룬ͨɫѾƤֻһ㣬ͽѪ
һɼɭڤ֮ԴԴĵ˸ŵĹʡ
ˣǾһ¡ֻоëȻһƬƤ
Ǿ֮ң쳣ǿҵ
ǵѪԼֻ־ͼʱˣСܱܲס˵
ǴһʱҪ볹׻ٵʱоѵһ֮£æӵעĿʱȴԼλþȻһŵĺɫڵӣϡ
Ǽ״ԾǼʶ֮ϣһѾǿ鱻ɫϮƤ
Ѫʱӿ֮ʱȻȳ֮Ƭ̲ŻָѰʺɫ
ĵ׾Ī˲ʱسһ亹
뵽ʲô˰Ե
ûмѪȻҲЩԼһغ
ҧСĶҶЦĺƴӲ£š͡һ˺һˢˢˢ˴һӣ䡱һҶЦʵʲô
ǵɫѾĿҪγˮ


267 Ψƴ
ҶЦһⶸȻʢ֮˲ʱѸʴѾƣһּŤ˵ţֶôЧأ
˵˵ЧǸöʲôЧŭ۾Ϲˣ
ޣ˵ЧǶЧҶЦһЦһ֮䣬һĲӰܣһӳҶЦȫչ¡¡ơ
ɫӰ뼫ϡ
һ˲֮󣬸ɴӰûˣֻܾʣһߡ
һӰ
Ҳˡ
ٲڣͷһԣһ˹ˣһСؿҶЦĹ˿̣Ȼ޵ҧгݣȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ϊ֪ԼҲ˵ġ
磬սֻȡ裬ֻһ
ҶЦƣֻƽ֣಻ֱˮһ㣬ĿעʼղŲæ
ϰȻʵȴҲʵЩ⡣
ղһνӰΣҶЦӰ뷨ţ½棬ҶЦаգܶԷʲôΪֻҪûгԪƷ۷壬һ㲻ȥ
еֽһӲǸ񵲡
Ȼƹܣ޺ʱ򣬾Ѿȥ˸ǰ֮ǰûȫע䱸Ҳûб֣ôʱȡֵǾġ
ԣֻܲݵٶȣԼĳֽеõģĪƣǹȻƵ
ҶЦһ£Ψһ⣬ֻǾþսӦ٣һ룬ʱӦ䣬עԪƣ˲ʱʯǸûü룻ֻǴ˱Ƥѡ
ͨһĹƣҶЦܹȷϣȻûȫӳʵʵʵΪԼԤеĻҪߡ
عƣҲԪƷ۷ˮ׼
ֻһԪƷԪļʵ
ҶЦֻһ룬ԳԷʵʵˮƽŪöԷǱʱռϷ磬ʵĵȴһ
ĸ֣ĿǰԼֵ
Լռƣ񹥣ʵ򲻹ǶԷ֪Լ̣һΣǰһԷƾȥϤԼʵˣֵԼùˣ
֪ˣҶЦȴû̫õԲԣϾղһ룬ѾĵȫʩΪȴֻܴƶԷƤ㣬ѪûһҪô
ҶЦתһ߽һ߲ԾĽ²ȳ׷Ӱƽֵɫȴİ
֮ԽԽʢ
ռ䣬ͬߡ
ǵıΪΪҶЦ˲ֹһҶЦޱȵĿ񹥣Ȼصסȴۻңʱڸ׷ҶЦĽࡣ
Ϊˣжڻ֪ԻûвȻҲͲҷŵȫֻ֣һӭУй˼֮£ԽԽӦӲϾĸо
ٹƬ̣ڸоһʹʹĸоʱһɣ֪Ѿûд󰭣һζû֪жδ壬ΪŹ֣˿ܹоʹǶԾȥı־
ʣµƤ𣬶Ԫ߽ǿߣʲôȻڷı˵ĵڣȴǰһܲӰȦͬʱɢ
顭
ȫףǲģǰأͷͬʱƣ
ǰʮƣϤʵʵϡ
ǿҵűصĿẮϣͷϡ
ƴҪλ
ҶЦӡˢһһӰ˺ɣĿעǡ
ǵ۾صҶЦͻȻһţһ³һ쳣Ũİţͷϣλڡһ뵡
ǰĵﶼһ˪ӣžžž߰˸ӡ״Ĳڵϣˤ÷顣
ǵ˲ʱ˸Ϣ
ˣԪƷʵ׵ȫˡ
ƷϷ̤£ǵһμȾƷϣȻϷȱ߳߸ԪεˣҲмܲ˵ãΪԶѷ֮ǰ˵ҪϷµĻ˵ͳˣ
ЦһϧʼʵھԵʵ֮ǰƷȻٺãҲ˲ҡ
ҶЦһԣֻעŽµƬ˸ӡ֮ǱЩļȴðɫתķɫ
֮ã
ƽͬã
ҶЦв̾Ϣһ£ղŵսԼѾȫȻ֣ȻҪȴǴ򲻶˼ң令ܡԪһƷԪƷʵʵ̫ˡ
ҶЦϣʱıԣҪһ£ֻǲòʹ֮Լĵˣ
Ψƴ


268 ճɽ
ĸ£ٴζĵڣѾЦ˴ʵ⣬ʤǹԹԵĸ߰ɣҵūܱһʬǿ
ҶЦһȴû˵Ӧ
˴˼Ȼգ˸ǳһһһʴСĿռ䡣
֮ᷭ䣬ջ
һȻɲǼҶЦǰпռ䡣
һ֮˹
֮һƣֻӲӣ
ȻѾҶЦƣԶʤԼĵطǾһֱȥԼҪѾܽץס
ɫѾ
﷢ôĶ綼ǰ
Ͼڳʵ۶Ⱥǿţκһ紵ݶˣ
Է֮ôһ˵޼֮Լ֮Ȼɾӣñ֪ˣ۷֮ıΪΣԼǾ޿̡ܶҲϾҪʼ
ԼҪȥμӡ
Ƕ֣֮ҶЦҲã鱦ҲãҲãҲֹⳡУ
ԣ¾ֻսپ̵ʱ֮£ԼУȻ󾡿װµĴƣ
ֻҪԼ֮Уͷ
ֻҪһ뵽Լ˷֮֮޺ôͷǻޱȡ
ȡӲӲȫλ޲𹥻ҶЦ֮ӲƴΪԶԶĲңֻƴΪҿȳ֣ռϷ硣
ֻҪұƵӲƴûκζܵĿռ䣬ٺãҲû˿ãֻһ;
һʤʮᣡ

òϣǵֶΣĹȻĴȴҶЦѴ򷨣ЧĶսԣ
ǴŴɽѹ֮ƣȻ¡
ΣǰòӦҶЦȻ֪Ӳƴ棬˼Σֻþӭ
䡱һҶЦ˳ȥ߰˲ҡΣһˤڵأԣһֽή٣
޻ٵӲƴǿʤ߰ܣУʤȻ
һƣΨֳһлз֮裬Ȼ֣ҶЦԾɸоܵ쳣ҵ𵴣һ˫ֱۣҲ۶ϡ
Ǻһڵϣ˫֣һֻ
ҶЦٺһЦ˵ôҵֵͦǮģ
Ŀ׹˸ȻֵǮֱǼֵǣҵū֮ᷢԼҪӵֵǮ
ͷ촽ٺһЦٶһܣĺϲӲͷˣһӲͷĥһͷһϥ⣬Ūʲôͻʲô˿ۿ۵ִūšǷݳɾ͸Уޱˣˬ˿ڽһ˪ʥŮɴϵĵϧǣȴܲǷ˵ĸоġ
Ϊֻṩܣ˵⣬ңҵĳͷۣ
ҶЦ֮ɫһЦΪһܵóôôʱ䣬ѹһƬռһжؾǲñ֪ɣҪһ˶̣ǲǣղһƣȻֻɹֻҪĿƬռ䣬ûиӰɣٺ٣ƬռȻΪѹƣ˿̳ǳǸƼֻҪҼһ㣬һա㻹ŰմΣ˵Ρ
Ǳ룬ɵɫٶתΪһ˵ԣϷԱ֤˵һֶᴫóȥ΢ĩΪܴϷµĿռңԽΪʼÿഥŭһ֣ԺӾ͸ѹһ㣡
ôǵҪˡ
ҶЦ
ǰͬצ졣
ҶЦͷϷ˿޷ԶƮƮȻڵѾ߷˼ޣ
֮бѾ۵ˮͻȻøϺ쳣
һ̣ҶЦ͵ĺ£
ǣ
ǽһ졣
ֻšϡһһѺ˸ĳͱҶЦһĿӲץ˳˸â財
ˮɽ
֮ԽԽŨܣѽĲʣҲԽԽɫ
Ƭ̹һǧһʵĳѾ͡
ҶЦԲϴ߷֮б
ѾԼܹм֮
ܹвĽҶЦ֪Ȼ٣ʱ˿ܹõóģȴֻһ֣һܹڼʱɵġ
ǽ
˽ıȻǱʵȴȻĲͬ
ңڽҶЦµɱмƻһ
ľе֮֮
˿̣Ѿȥͷ
֮ղŵܣ˵ʵҲУȴҲδزǼ


269 Ц˻ģ
ȤĹҶЦĶ¶ŨŨĳζſ˵ץֻϧֻǻӣҲƭƭˣΪԶ֮ϵУʲô
ǲǻӣ㲻ʲôϾͻ֪ҶЦһĮ˵һ
һΪԼߵö࣬ȻܹȴԼץ˳
ѽץһﲢ֪ĺʲôɣ֪˲ܽӶˡ
ҶЦͻȻһת£ӿֳһããϢ֮⣬ȴһɵĽ財
ͬѤǿգһ̣ͻȻ˼䡣
߰ɣէ䣬ɣҵ֮£˲һץȻϡ
ҶЦһֻһȴԻӷһȺݺµľơ
һ
һȻǧ֮УҲܱĿķɡ
ЦĶ
Ц˻ġ
ˮһȻһƮƮ֮УѾͥŲһĿ罫ȥͬɽȪ֣ͬͬͬƶ
һʼҶЦӹһ˼
ƺӦһ
һУǹ貣ĳҶЦԭĽ֣ʵǲʺһ̫ˡ
ǣӦôأʱҶЦʵ
ӦһƬ˼ഺ٣عһЦ
ƮƮȴ˻Ц
˿̣ҶЦе˼Ӷഺ٣
عһЦ
ƮƮ
ȴ˻Ц
н˲ʱࡣ
ǽѾγɡ
ɭ
һ̳Я޾û¡
Цľ
֮Ϊ
һɲǼ䣬һֹŹĸоƺһλµĵŲɿܵǿƣվԼǰһµĿעԼλһƺȻעҪԼ
ԼΪԶԶǰ֮Ҫǿǿö࣬һ̣ԼȫȴԷƿأ
Լ֪ףûа㷴ͷ
ԼӦã๼Ӧ¾һ죡
ĵ֪ԼָоǲԵģǼΣյģȴƫƫǿƲԼ֮䣬͵һҧԼͷһѪӿһ罫ȥȴ˲ʱָ͵غˡ
ȴǰ˸Ȼâ;Լ۾ֻ磬һкһ㺧Ȼ¡
Ƕʱһ亹͸¡
ԼķӦ΢ôһһ˿˿һ΢΢Լ۾ͻᱻϹȻԼǹ룬۾ȴûǿġ
ֹ۾һ۾군Է˳ƴԲԼ񲻾ʹꣿ
յ˼
գ
ʲô
亹֮У֮󣬾ǽ˹ıŭʲô
ҶЦ𻰣һֻһȴհ֮ǰ֮ں£ңƺ˾ڲ֮ˣȴڣ
ȻǵϵһʱҲҶЦķλ
λá
ҪŲռĴ㣬ȻҲҲвͨˡ
Ѥú˸֮УһȻϮı֮Ҳ˱ƥɭڴ˿̣һ޾ֺ룬㿹֮ġ
Ծ޿ɵֻٶ˺һһ⣬ѵǴ˵֮е֮ΪΨң
ҶЦԾɲȻĮȻ飬˸䣬£컨׹Ӣͷס
֮⣡
֪ãܣˢˢϣ˺۱֣ѪŷɡҶЦѧһȫʱƿǵ
ڣһǿܴҶЦ£
ҶЦһ֮࣬˸ͻת£Ȼء
ͬǧɽͻȻͬһʱﵹУɽ£Ȼ¡
֮ǧɽ
˿˿ɫڿ֡
꣬ǣñ飬ҺĽһһ˺һ
Ц˻ĲϾ֮ǿƴ߶긽ȫȫ⼫޹ע
һ̣ҶЦս֮״̬ʮ࣬࣡
һһ˲䣬ҶЦоԼһֿݽߵĸоԼʵͲ֧ʩչУ
ǲϧ۵ǿд֮֮ΪǳΪ̣
ңһĽȻ˳ȥ
ɱѳɣ
ǲҺһȫҽУֻ֪ƴӴܣһԪ߽ΪҪĿӿ˫ƲһеĽĳ


270 ط
ȫҶЦɱϮȫͬʱڶܣˡ
˼δδŵɱУҪ˵ʲôɱʤѾǵһҪ
һ
Ѫһ
ǧɽ
ܼޱ
ȻΪ߾ӺȴʼֻԪ߽ףȻȫܿǧɽͬʱ£
ݺɱУ
˵ǽߵʱ򣬽ոʧȻǵϣһȴҲѾʮ˿ڣ˿Ȼÿһ˿ڶѪߡ
ҶЦһǸʮ˺ۡ
ҶЦһ֮࣬ȴ෢һƺߡ
һҶЦ;ƿݣԪ˥ߣʱ̵ȫܣǿǷͬСɣҶЦ˱÷ȴԭ˫ʵʵʼղ̫ԶȻܺ嫡ƥ޶ԣγ˾Եѹ֮ƣʱ̣ܾȥһ˲ҶЦǲظ⵽˶Էķɡ
ֻһ˲ɣȻҶЦ࣬ϣһ˿Ҳûˡ
Ȼڷļͼپһ֮׻ǣҶЦȴ̾Ϣһˡ
оУβϧꡢֻ֮ǿóУѾ֧Ϊˡ
⻹ҶЦ͵֮ĽҪȫӾҲǡԪʵ
ҶЦΪ̣ɵǱ߿ûֹͣһû˹ˣʩǿˡ
Ӱ֮ʣѪѾǰҶЦκηӦ˲䡣ͱһؿڡ
˿̵УҶЦѾʲôɾӵһɱԼղŽҲʵңθ˿ԶҶЦռе뷨˷ִ磬˿ҶЦ㲻ҲҪˣ
ˣҶЦǡۡһһѪɶûأѾϿգ顱һصһŲҶЦϣֱӽ˵ϣݺݵģҪ㣡飬ȻϷ˶ƣ
ҶЦһŲסͬѹһɽ˿ҲãȴԳ˵ɱػְղһȭһţ˼ô
ñףȴǲɱҶЦ
ŵķ֮裬Ǳ˵Ҫöࡣ
ţһɽ⣬ˣҲûС
ֻһûκõʬ壡
Ȼŭ񣬶ҶЦ֮ǣȴԲɱ
ɱ֮裬Ȼйһʱ֮ߣȴҲͬ׶Ͼ˵񵤵Դͷѡѡע
ֻвŭȴҲûйأͻأһ֣žһһĶݺݴҶЦϣЦȻɱ㣬ӿԸ޾ĥŪ֪ϣЩʹ࣬ҪܣܵĶ࣡
ҶЦĿ侲ᳺؿһ㲻Ҫѣ֪ģͿ϶࣡
һϣЦСѾҵУȻţٺ٣ٶ˵һ䣬Ҿʹһ£ҿҺĵù㣬ĵùң
ҶЦһͻȻۡһһѪĿĿġ
Ǽ״һȻѾ֣ҶЦĿǰ״˽⣬һעʹ˲ȫѪˮʶ΢΢ʱҶЦڵĿռ֮УǿŵͻȻƮƺܵҶЦΣ֮УʱһмҡΡ
ŵֵĶڿռ֮еޱ֮ȫ׵ı
һ˲š䡱һȻһɽ鱩ļѹʽǿн뵽ҶЦĵ֮С
ڼɱҶЦֻоԭȿѷĵﾹһ˲伫ޱͻǹԼĵѾ³ӯӽըıԵǲܼ緢йȥʱᱬ
˿ֵ̧ţȫ޽䱸΢ڣٶҶЦĻһȻͦ˫Ѹһػϡ
Ҳ벻Ȼ»ܹط
һǽһʵʵʵ޻٣
һҽУԼĳꡱһȺҶЦķһֱӺǵ߹ǣҲƷɳȥֻȻػƲᣬȴлػ֮ŭ֮£ȻһƲĴ򽫳һƵƣ֮ǰκһ
ҶЦһ֣һȴԸоУһķڣѾԼԪһƷĳܷΧղһûиƶӯ״ۼǷϮҪӭ֮ʣͻȻһǲܣһƣȻԼҪӭȥ


271 ƣɱУ
һԪڵϤջأйʽתΪɡ
֮ǰս˳ǿͻƵ״̬ȫͬ
ͬˮڣ
֮ҶЦ־֮УѡǿͻơΪǲͻƣԼѾûаᡣ
ǶһᣬյĽȻǰĽ֡
ȫһƵĿܣͬ޼ѹһĳˮһԳҶЦĵ
һͬˡʵһµҶЦ̲סҽһҶһ㼱ɳȴ֪ڼͬʱഫȻһǵ绹ڽӽͻƣȴû׵ԪƷϰʹ˺Ȼ顣
ҶЦǵ죬˱սΣ֮ʱһ֮ʣѡǵӦԷʽʩǰȫһƣԼӯ֮;ϣֱɹˣ
һ٣ٻ·У·ͽǰУ
ԪƷһ飬һȻޱߵϳˮһԪƷľ֮С
ֻǣҶЦȻɹͻԪƷϣͻȴǲøۣǸ൱֮ۡ
ǿгϵͬʱҶЦѪ˲ʱ൱ֹ磬ĪȫһͬСɣѪ֮֮࣬УͬʱѪ֮أ֪
ۼҸȻһ㶣ȴŭڽѪȪӿѪעȴٶȫõ֮⻹ͼһҪɱ鰡
ҶЦйâһעѾ鲼ȫ˿ڣؿλõ΢΢ݴĿⲻ͵һ¡
еһŬûа׷ѣܹ˿ֵ̣õġ
빥ʧ֮ҶЦȷ˶ԷΪμߣǾԶʤ½ͬ׸֣ôϬĺûܶɶˡ
мڴˣҶЦһϵеԹơ
ȣԷкǰ˼ɣչԹģϧһд۵ǿģƶԷȫأʱ䣬Ԥꡢ깥ƣȻ󷢶Уܹ֮һ£Ȼ룬㲻ܳɣҲܸöԷëѼѪˣڶԷ˿ڣʵΪսʤ㡭
ҶЦǰ㣬֮Уûлǵ߹һڡ
Ͼ˫ʵʵ̫ܹȡ൱ƾͺãҶЦûࡣ
ϧԷʵԼӦ䳬ҶЦԭԤڣҶЦԤУֻҪһսƱһ㵹ȴû뵽ǾþսӦԼΪõһʱȫȡƣ֮£овûյԤڵЧδش֡
㣬ȴҶЦ߹Լ״̬ȻΪͻƣԪ磬ȻѾȵļپеģȻһеľУեҶЦȫˣôҲڱһƺɣڱȽµĶӾơ
ڿռⱬ֮£һŤתս֡
ȫ˵֮ı仯
˵ռҶЦбееıǮʣ룡
˿̣ŭߣգҶЦõĴûᡣոͻƵԪƷĪǮգ
ˣ
ǵУλƮҶһ׹䣬ȻҲû˷֮
򲻻뵽뵽ҲţԷȻΣʱ̣Ϊעǿͻһ磡֪ĻȻҶЦڿѾû˰жҲϸĹ۲һ¡
Թ֮ͻƵģǸû˵
˵жûеӣ
ղȻовЩ쳣ķΧȴûж⡣
ȫȫеץסһ֮ĥαʹϣӺΪҪλδˣ
УֻвŰԼֵ˷ܡ
һץУȽ֫ϣ˲ٰ֮ϣȻٴϣٽϣͶΪΪūĵһŰϷɣ
ҿ㻹
Ҳ
õĵڣȴҶЦڿƮ㷭ӺܹŹֵŤһ¡
ûж⡣
ΪڿзӶ࣬Źֵ֫嶯ʶΪ棬֫嶯Ÿһ㡣
пһ󲻿ɾĶһţ
ҶЦɱУڳ֣
һ̣ȫ׵˺ѷεĲҽ
Ϊһ˲֮䣬ȫµĸ˿ڣʮͬʱʹңһջо
ƺİһͬʱԼ塣
ſкɫĹâ˸ɵؿڣʮ룬ȫ
ز룡


272 ̵
ǿݵǿԪڿҲӲϣ߷һ㡰һǱˤڵϡ
Ȼ͸оѾʼӲ˹á
С䡱һȴҶЦͬǱƣݺݵڵϣѣð
˿̣ǵӾҶЦǰֿɼѾһҲܶ
ڤȻȫ汬
ħ񵶣
ؼʱ̣һ
˿ڣѾѪڼ̵ʱɫѪཥζᣬ𣬲Ƭ̹⾰͸˲ʮ֮ߡ
۾ĶҶЦУǾ벻ģвš
ƺֱڣԾɲţԼС֪ٵСһȻܹɱԼ
һ̣Լռƣһж֮а
۾ҶЦѵʵ⡭ʲô
ҶЦϢһ£֧Լָͷȥһ˿Цǵؿλѵİγһŷ롣
ϸϸķ롣
ȻͽһöԼͷ
Ȼһöһö
һֱջöҶЦԼ䣬¶Լ󣬽ҿһȥƤ棬ȻֽƤȥʣȫڣǲƤ¸ϵһ˲ȴع޷죬Ϳκζߡ
ȵһУҶЦٶ̧ۿǣô
ȫǲ죬ȫǲţȴͷˡ
ͷһᣬʹȥ
λݺƵǣڽҶЦ
һ̣ҲɫϺɫ
ֻʱҲףԼ׹
ȻλһʼͺԼƴʹõʽԽԽǿԼΪѾ߾ȫͼϹһۣһжֻǲ֣ȫţֻΪԼģʵϣɱﵣֱһ̲˳
ɱһ˳ԼҲôˡ
ĿҶЦԼȡط룬ͷͷԵϷҲףԷʱ̣֮¡ŹŤĶʲôˡ
ǾڵѾоԼһʧȲʤȯʱ򣬷һ
һ
ԭһϣȻʱ̣Ȼ˶Ϊ̵ܷľ֮УҲԷĶһ
һƣһдս
ҶЦĵ΢һЩôûκãʱ̣ܹһ๦ɱԼǿ̫ĵˡ
ΪԼĺԩȽڶԷﻮĲ˵ȴҲĲԩ
ʵ㻹ûȫסҶЦЦһǵ˵һ䣬ŽϵǼڷɵҲһջأСĲԼͷ֮С
ҡҡͷȷϲᱻκ˿ŽʣµĴյķ룬˻
һöһöŻԭ
Щβ֮࣬ҶЦһɵ˲䣬ʱоԼ弸Ҫѿһ㡣ĹͷҲƺͬһʱ飻ٶදһˡ
ڶȹΣ֮ķɣи״̬ȫûһ
һ̣һֻ˯ĸоǿϮƺһܹ̾ʧȥʶĻ˯ȥȻҶЦڼսУǿͻԪƷ˳̶൱أоͻƵĿС
ҲҿǹؼʱͻˣͻƵȻһ˲ͱɢȴʼҲһЩ֧ԼɱУдս
Ըղŵ֮أδܹŵһ˶ڿǻ״̬ǲ군󼪣
ҶЦ૵˵һ䣬ȴǲ˿иǿɢ˯⣬ٵռ䴢ָԼơ
Ǳ߻ڵԼɲ̫ܵ࣬ӲϢ˯ʱ
Ȼһ˯߲ǵǰЧƸֶΡ
ܸղŵֵ˴ҶЦ˲ʱָս֮ǰǴ޾ռյʵ̫ӴˣԴ˿дĸԣֻҪҶЦһʱ䣬ѸٻָԪԪ̫⡣
Ȼ΢ʱ̣һӰͻأ˽ٺЦ˵еķȸ֣Ȼܹɱǳųϣϧ̵ְˡⳡ콵ȴǱӡ
һЦͬҹһ̶
ҶЦѵı˱ۣ̾˿ղŵĴ򶷶Ǿ˲þǰ
ԼղűѴ㼴뿪ȴʵû
ֻǣͻȻֵˣȴ˭أ
Լղȫעս֮Уıʤûκεľȥ鿴⶯Ȼûע⵽ʲôʱġ
ۿȥȴ۸߹ڣڵĴ硣


273 ƽ
ֻһһļ񵽴˵ԾϲѾʬǣѾõҶЦһ־
˵ƺܴҲʮͷӡ
һΪͣ಻ǵԪƷӣƽûͻ֮ǰҶЦҲھͶ֮佫֮£Ǵ˿̣ͶµǸȴûҶЦԼˣ
ҶЦ״Ŀڵ˭
ȻҶЦڣɫ˲䣬תΪ֮ĵȻ䱸ĺŨЦ㲻Ҫҹȥøղɱǵֶɱ𣿹ûпĻͱƭ˹ȥǺܿϧ־ɱҶˡ
һ˵жö֮ŻصĸλãҶ֪һ
һָͷͷУУֱУУ滹УıԶǣԼʱشͬһ㡣ˣûиģﲻǸء
ȻԾһоգԴʳ޼ɵζ
ҶЦһһѪ˵Ҳǣ¹۲ÿ湻ϸΪ鱦ôҲһЩֶβź
˹һЦαشԲѣѵҪвңͼɻô£֣ǻĺ֣ǾͲıԶǣ޴ˡ
˵꣬ϡһһڽɭȻڣ˿̣鷳Щ鶼վⳤҲðյģȻмֵˣֵٴ󣬶ҲõġţٶչˣӲˣЩ밡ҲǸطأ
ȻٺһЦұѿӶ˵ģǳŵǶŪСɫȻӲڻˣԣǲԴϢĻᣬֻҪûнЩ飬ҽɱԥ
һЦҿʼϸˣˡһ
ҶЦһЦ湻ģѵڵĵӣôô
Ҳһ
ȻǺģ֪Լݣֻ֪࣬ǿĳ룻֮ǰһ֪
ź
ڴ֮ǰǵƻûأʶ鲼⣬Ʊػִᷢ˵ټǷˣôɷԼҲȴһ
ΪǵĶս
ҶЦΨֱ˷Լܣʵһġ
ҪԸֻõԪˮ׼ļһһҲˣ
ҶЦһЦȴΪЩ飬Լոտǻ˺ôľװȥһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ȻҪ˱ŽҪңûڿλ÷ãǰ˵ĽӣֻԼѿӵġ
˵ЦţŽѾԽԽˣ
ҶЦ̾һٲɣʼϵװͷһ½⣬ܿ졣
һȻʱ䳤ҶЦָǾҪֵԼˣⲻ֪ҶЦγҹζࣺһֳһأ
ûʲôεĵطҶЦ֮ôصĵطϼƵġ
ĿҶЦһöһΣһֱλõķҲҶЦѾ۵úһҲһȻǸˣʶʱΪܡ
ҶЦѵЦЦһȻǰߣھʵЩԶһɱްա
Լ˳һУֻͻɥһһĽ̶ȣƸѡһȻΪȡ
ҶЦòʵǼֲסˣƣĵ˭ڵʲôô벻ڣȻ
˺ٺһЦЩ⣺µ֣Ԫ壬Сһֵһᡣ
ҶЦ۾ͷȷС䡣ҷ֮ݺһ쾹һСʱҲҲҲ
ԪʱΪȺףʱ˿ҲˮһҸһ仰ûʱͣǶһЩĸкô
ҶЦ۾⻰˵Ĳνǳˮƽ־ˡ
Ҳ̲סҷңʱȻҷң
˵ţǰ
ȻŭȴǱ㹻裬еĽҲʼûзΪ֪ԶܹǵļһֻҪԷһԼ൱ΣһСģʱ


274 ޾
ԪǰҲ֮̽⣬⣬һбʳֳ֣Ȼת֮ززǿԶ۲졣
ҶЦͻأǺһһѪһѪ
òָͷЩȶ̾Ϣ˰ˡ
У¶޵Ļ䡣
Ԫ״ȴһϲǰ˼ѾԽӴҶЦ壬ȴǽվڽŵķһҶЦߣȻЩߣҶЦһŭ󱲣ֵĸүүһʹ졣һλǿߣ㲻ô
ԪһȷλԼ۷ֵļһһҲûˡ
ֻýŽҶЦķɵһߣЦһ˵ﻰҲĴôûӣǶô˵ɱأ
ҶЦһ˵ûھɱң㶮ã
ԪЦڿĴţߵҶЦǰҶЦ۾ƫ
ȻʱҶЦͻȻ͵۾ȵޣ
һȻ⣬ҶЦм
磡
Լϵģһɱ˱ֶΡ
֮С
һö룡
ȫܶ֫ˣֻҪһڣö룬ܽɱ
Ԫ˼ûüһ֮ʻûü˵꣬öѾһޡಡһʺ
һӡĲϻɢ
ॡһء
Ԫжһ̣ȫ
У㯡
벻ͨ⵽ô¡
Ԫֻס۲ŵĿҶЦǾ⣬ȴ
Ҳû뵽ҶЦȻôһ֣һ֣һ֣ʲǵȳǿһĹͷûʹãȴʱԸԼ
ίʵǳ֮⣡
ȴ֮УҶЦΪˣʱ̲һ֣Աʱ֮裬һһ֣¼Ļ
ҶЦһ֮࣬ţӦһ֮࣬һ˼̱ڵأղ˹͸֧꣬۵Ĳȫʩһޡ֮ˣٶȥĵز
һ̵ǰδУ
ȻҶЦȴ֧Լҡҡλվ¸ոսķɵԼΣȴûаͰཫ뵶λʵûˡ
һ֣ӳԪѾɫʬϽ㲻֪κʱ򡭡Ҷᱣһŵֵġȴûĵƣˡ
ΣȥҶЦǿתһ֧Ŵ˿Լ£Ȼ˿̵ԼѾƣ۵Ҳһ̾ͻȥĳ̶ȣȴ߳
ѾǾԲܾǷ֮ء
ֻ߳ʮɣҲҪǿ
£ԵƬֻ̣¾Ͳһ˵ôˡ
һҶЦԤϣҶЦո߳ȥӵʱ֮ಣӰ
ղŵĶӦþǴ﷢ȻԶЩЩģԴλþڴˣԴˡ
λͦΰ
ȻʺɱԽĺõط
ȥ
˵м˵Ļᡭ
Ѫ򶷵ĺۼüҵһս
ǡǣ
ҿôܡ
ˣܴɶڵ˵ӣһǵʬ壬˶ǸоΪ𺳡
ǵΪϣ߲㶥⣬ֶΣĺȴԿǰé
ǳ֮УҲһǲõĽɫ
ǵĽɫȻĺ
̫ˣ
𾪵ëȻһʱ侹ûﻹһʬ塣
ٹƬ̣˾Զ֮࣬ĿĹ˴⻷ŷ־ȻһʬԶ
ﻹС
ףˡ˲ǡԪ壿
ǣɲôôᡭղŶϲ֪ͨôôһ⾰ˣ
ѵ֪ͨڰ·䣬Ȼ
Ӧþˡ
뵹һ
ʱ򡭡
ˢˢˢ
нϵʮӰɽط
Щ˵ŸвͬȻֻһһɡ
ǳŵˣҲڵˣĻɵˣԼ˴֮еˡ
ÿһ˶ݣ߷ɣȻ˿ǰЩÿһǸ֣
ʮ˽֮ۼһĻ˵ɫ˲ʱˣ


275 ˭룿
ʬ壬ڵĳԪҲͰˣֻһСҲˣǳŵǾȻҲ
״ڳ˲òһ
ǳǣܹɱǵˣһм
𰸣ﶼ
ô׾ܶԸˣЩͲ֪ʵ۹ץͷٴˡ
Ϊʵǿᣬþս󣬳ʵ۹ĪΣң⣡
ǶԼʵţôö֮Ľ볽ʵ۶
ȻôһϢһɥڳ˺Ȼ
Ϊؼһ㻹ڣǴ˿̵ĳʵ۶绢ˣеĳܹɱǲҴݶȥˡ㣬Ҳᳬʮˣ
ʮˣǳŵԼڡ
ڳ˷ֳһԪʬ壬һǵʬ壬˶ˮԵء
ԪϵǿҾȣŨŨĲšδ˵Ľ䱸֮⣻˿ֻһ㣬ʺһϸ΢˿ڡ彣͵ԣ֮ǰǽգֻһ֮ʱַŽһж˵˵ʱȫ䱸ȴǱԷһɱĵ뾪ȡԷǸ֣ҲԪˮ׼
䲻Ķ֣
һڵüͷĸ֣ԸԪһԪߣȻҪöһǼаŵľ綾ǰ˿ڵİǰǰһ£ֻһ壻ϸ롭룡
Ȼվ𣺡񽭺ϣ˭Դ㶾Ϊģ
ͬʱǳŵҲó˽ۣȫۣˣһ˼˵˸Ͳ˺࣬Ƥ֮ˣȥģЩϸ΢ףǿͺ
ˣӦܾˣɱ֮ԼҲʧȥȻԪҪռˣȴʱ򣬱ɱǳԪϲŻ⡣
񽭺ϣ˭ԺΪģ
ͬС⣬ͬһʱ
˲ʱһƬǰļž֮С
еĿ˼˼Ŀ꣬еԣе죬ȴǶĮġ
ͻȻʣˣţôͬʱ
ͻ⣬˶Ϊ֮һ
һԪƷһԪƷ֮Ϊ칲أǾԲῴϳԪģҪ˵Ѿϰ߶ԪҲԲǶáǣ±ô
˲Ÿ֡
ôյһһ𣿶ңͬһ˵£
гԪȥʱı飬ʵ̫죬Ҳ̫˷ѽˣ
һеһУɶͷһ㣬ˡ
˵Ϊĸ֣òơֻһˡʱһ˵
˭תˡ
Ʋ룬Сݸɣλ۷弶Ĵô۾һ˹ȥȶʱãֱӽͰ͵˵ˡ
λŷ֣Լ֮нȫɢ˳ȥ˲ߵΪζۣβ״ûңæһ£ʵ˵˭һλΪ
ǡ˵Уޱߺޱʥĳ롣СݸɵĺӶţ˵ҡǧ򻯣ӰΡ
ܣһҡͷ˵˵
طһ̯ѪλжϣУߵѪɫΪݣ޿ǳԪǵѪǸһ㣬ȷɡ
ޱʥ֣ôһѪ£֮ʵԺɾܽɱڳԪ壬Ӳڻ£޿ܻѪ
ǳŵһλص˵
˷׷׵ͷʾͬ
λ˵֮׶βޱʥʵ鳬ʥ֮ǸͲһĴڣ˴˸ûκνгԪ壬һҲˣλҪõһ֮
ǣҪޱʥ֣ȴ˭أ
òΪĳ֣벻ˣ
ͻأؽһϣ˿ڡ
˴ǰȥһ֮£ԡ
ղŴԼ飬ע⽣ۣףûע⵽Ǽ쳣ϸ΢˿ڣǼеϸ˿ڣ˺ۼ׵ǻͬȴһǷܹɵġ
˿ڣӦǡϸСķɵɡиָȻһ£ҲͲô
жһ˲ɻˡ
˭Ǽ룬÷ɵ


276 ޱʥ
оһ˾һ͵һߣ
ôˣһ׷׷ʡ
⡭ʬڶڡڻáɫҰףһҪ̲סŻ³ӡ
˾һͷȥֻʬȷڳ鶯ҲȷʵڸãҸٶȿþˡǲϳ鶯ţ˿ڴ໵һɹɶζɢ
Ÿó̶ȵļӾ磬ʬ֮ԽԽС
ɫѿѼֻһɺӱֱһֱͷ
֪˭ȷһͱ˳ȥţҲ뿪ÿˣǼλԪ֣ȫһĲ԰ףо⸡֡
¼䣬ôԵĺ
֮ˣ˭أ
ֲ̫ˣ
˾δһƬ֮ʣ
ȴǸСݸɵ뺺ǰŸոܳȥͻȻҽһӹµµڵأʺλãһöķ룬ҡҷ
漴һ𣺡֪СȻﱾʥձʶʶʥķ룬±ӿҪסˣʥϴ㶾룡
ϧ뺺ȴע仰ˡ
ʼѾˡ
Ǹ룬֪ӺδɳɲǼȻһԪߵ
˾ʣǴʧɫ
ǰ߳˵ޱʥȻˣηһ
棬ƮУ˵ŵǷǣҿǲ𣻼ȻûǿнڹڱʥͷϣΪλҪһͽ鷳粻
ԼԽȥԽԶɴڷȫʧ

뺺ӣʵȻȺֻĩȴǰ˴֮ҵˣȻ˿ҵȻһߣȴûκһ˿˵㣬ֻǾôվţȻһҲҶ
ޱʥҲãҲգǲǿڡ
ĪҪ˵ֻɱһˣٶɱ˼ʮҲֻдݺѪ̵ķݣ仰ҲǲҶ˵Ϊ˵˻߶ԼһСµģҲ۵ȫʧ
һҪӿͷ
һ̣룬һ޶ͬ
ޱʥҲ˳ǳǣ
δ쳾ֳ徣϶ҲΪⳡôһεᣬˡ
ʱҪӵСģһСޱʥֻ¾ͽӴޱߺ׷ɱǿǲݵľ氡
˶һصˣȻǳšҲ⡣

ڰҶЦۼ˾ȥһ
ܴᣬ˺ۣˣ֧ŲߺԶһֻ߳·صʮɵľ룬͸Ͻսһ񷿡
ΪͻȻҲֻ¼ȨֶΣȽһϤסȻԽͼ䣬ӳƱȻǲƿͨ񣬲Ƭ̼ͽһ˰סˡ
⿪һ˵ĽƵʱһ˼ֱͺźһĶˡ
ÿһ˶ܼôӵģ˵һʺƴԼһҪʲôֻҪ졢ְͺá
ҶЦƱʵҶүСƱһһһӶѣ
Ҷүֻ߷⣬ţһë˵ϣͨ˼ңȴкֵĲƸ
ͨͥȻһӲԲȣҲδ׬ôǮҪ֪άһͥƣһӣѾԹúܸˡ
˳㶨һˣҶЦ£һŵ񵤣ʮοռˮ飬ˮԴȶһƣظһԪ
壬һ·ſʼרˡ
֮ûмʱʼˣȴΪ˱Щ˾ȻɥĲѲ鵽
ոһۣҶЦٲʲôԡˣ
κ¶пܷģκⶼԳ֣
Ϊ˳ۼҶЦһθıԼòܸıĵҸԭƳ̼ӳ١
ٴȷǰ״ⷢԼҲԶϤԼʵ֮ҶЦڿʼȫĵˣ
һ֮䣬ʶѸٱȷ̶ȣȴĿ꣬ˣλͷ˲߰˴缸£ҲȽĵط
״Ψһõ㣬ԭɺԵĵ˼ʾ֪ʱ˼ͺð࣬ҶЦһԴΪԭ㣬̵˲䱬տˮԪҲʼ޸ҶЦѵ


277 ֪
ȻΪе񵤡տˮǿҩƸƣƸԪٶԲ̫죬ϾҶЦ˵ʵ̫أ͸֧ꡢꡢû൱ʱĵѻָ
ȻҶЦʼոովͻԪƷûüͱӻøɸɾ
һ֮ԪԴԴ̼֮Уͻ֮⣬Ƽ˿ԴΪֶָΣﾡãˮɡ
˵ĳЧԶøãҲѸ٣Ƭ֮䣬ҶЦϱðŨ⣬ڣԭҰֽɫҲһĻظ
˿̣Ҳһһء
ʱһȥ
鱦ǰѾͷӿӿĿǺѹѹһƬͷ
ֻȻڶ࣬ȴκ˷ûа죬Ǿš
վǰһ֣ˣַӪ
ÿ˶ɫƽһȫȻŲʣ֮͸¶޵ĵԼһȻ
š
ļˣҲǾվţȻǵվλǳ֮󣬵ֹ档
ȻҶһ𣬵ÿһ֮䣬ȴμԳһϵ
˴ڵУһƬȻһţȴ޷ء
пܣھͻȥɴ಻ˡҲõЩĴš
Ķȴ־ڱصá
Ϊϵǰ;δ֪ǻڶʳǲòΪ
ԣһڵţţֽ̬˴˽š
˶ڵȴţ볡һ̵ĵ
ԶһϣһӰһﾲ۾ȫûаʵעߣɫᣬĮ
鱦С
˿ȻͬȹϵϣתתȥһҲѵͣЪ
ôڻûϷû򳡣Ҫôȥĺˮεδһ񲻰
Ԥʱ̵ǾǲŵҪʱԼָӦԣ
˾ͻᱻռ˱ˣԷԸĨãôãʲôô䲻£̬ӲˣƱػˣɱ֮֮ʲôʱ
ʵһԾ񲻿ɿ޷׽ûĺ顣
һĽ˳ôԺ鱦ӣȻǳѹ
ԼӦ
Ȼ˵ʲôԼͲԼѲܹµǸˣ
ʮ
һߣùײһȴʼվţϱ˿һ֮ǰӲӲȫޱ仯
ƺǰǶƶɽѹѹȺûаϵ
ǰһӦȣҲȫȻûзϡ
ʱüͷڽţ˼ţҵɱֶ飬»ȱһЩʲôءӦֲأȥһЩɱأ
ϾڵĽȣԶԶﲻүҪġӿٶȡ޶أ
Ĳźظôˣؾӿˡǳʲô°ɣôûأ⵽ôأ
˷ƤЩĵһۣܸɴתȥ
ᣡ
ੲݵģᶼ˵˶ٱˡ
ô
üͷȥתͷ˵ô죿ǾһҸôءܵĺܣô춼԰
ƤҲ̧䵭˵£øҡ
⻰ʱ͸оԼӲһ㣬Ҫô˵ôҪͻٵˣż˵仰Ҳȫ޽ԣӲҭˣ
Ѿģͬ£
һ鷳һ˩ŵƣȻĲңѵܵô
㻹ôڵġ
ǿǸ飬ֽԭҪڵƿڴ˻ȥ֪һﻹǲںߵķչ
ɱߣ
ںľֻɱּţ
ģȫҪ
˶
ɵǡҪô죿
ϰͷ˳ԼΰûţоԼ򲻹˼ңҲܲ˼ҵĽžȵ£ԼĽŵҰء
ԣǲҪˡ
һʱƽ˾һʯã
ֵ̾أԿĵ˵˵ҲΪвٲˣ˵ӣʲôҪ˺ܺõķ
˷Ƥ⣬Ծڡ
һεһã鱦ˡ֪鱦ˣɱּҲˣ֪鱨֯Ҳˣ֪


278 ƾۣſ
̧ͷ˷Ӧȴһƽʵ򵥵Ļ
شһʱûӦܻζˣӵĲ㱳ȥָ˵Դûа·ˡҪô˵öȻ˵ҪǸҪﵽʲôҪ
ܻ˵󳬼ţ鱦ܹǵôʵҪҪ
ǲЩͷֵʲô
ʲôڱˣ֪һţǽʲôǧ̣ʱ棬̼򣡶ôҪҪ
ͷ˵˵ĶǷϻѵбĽ˭֪飬Ҫô
ɵ۾ͬ۾һĿ˵Ȼסһò˳ܻ˵ҪôôҪù˼ôǴĹ˼ôֹҪ֮أ
򲻹һʵʵ˵һ䡰
һڷˣһҲзʱôҿĵ˷ôĭҽ͵鲻ôˣ˲˵ȻҲ֪򲻹
û˵꣬ڵ˵򲻹
ˣܶˣҲ޿̣ޱˣָıӣһ
̧ͷעָԼ֮ǰĳ˶ָͷ
ôעţһԲ
ʱоͬһߣһëȻ
æָͷ˻ȥ㬵Ļܶ˵ģô
ȴڲ֪˺ܶ࣬ղŵѵȻ޴棬ûе
صջȥָͷ䵭˵ȻΣ
Ŀࡣ
һ仰Ҳ˵
˸ȥԭһҪжһΡһǴҪô
ǸĶͷ࣬Ǹͽͨģ˵ͨ˵ʲô
ɱѵԵôкݺǸͱ˶һڻıײİһùˡ
˲ҪĵĿһۣʩʩȻվ˵һ仰
ʲôѾ߻ء
ԺҪһָͷָңǻҷθ֪ʩʩȻȥһһ˵һΣһԥĸ֪
Ӱʧ⣬ȴԴһ仰֪
۾쿴нԶӰţһʱѾ˵ˡ
֮Żع
飡

ϰ彫ոˤ÷飬ƿڴʬײİ壡ĸģΪʲôȥء
ôԼȴ˶ʿݣʲôʲôۡʲô˼롭국국국Ȼҷ򡭡ͷˣ˺ö࡭
ӰȻһ뿪˻һҪĸŸˣҪ뵱ͽҵһɱľ㣬еڶ֪
ಡһԴ˻ȥӰ١
ͽͽˣһӾ˹ȥڣ

ȴӰġ
ϰûҲһʱȻЩѣȴȻ֣ײˣԼ˶ûˣԼɧڣôһ˶ˣĳĻӯݺݵ˵ôģһɱֶ£ôǮʲôǲ񣬵һ񣬲۹ͨ񣬸ӣǮӵǧĲǰ׹ģӲԸ鷳鷳ȴҲ鷳񣡡
ݺһ䣬ȵͿţҵҪܲݣ
ȻϰѾˣ
֮⣬ϥŵϣ¶һ˿Υ΢Ц
ֻǣ۵ȴȻһ˿ǡ
Ȼɱ֣ʵҲôȻеģ
˴أƲá
鱦ԭյĴţҲڴ˿̻򿪡
뵱ȻľҪȽ롣
ʱͻȻһȴţ
һʱȻ׷׻ͷѭȥֻһߵĳϣ߹һ
һӣѩ׵ѩ׵Ьӣѩ׵ñӣѩ׵ѩ׵ĵʽʣͷţȫһƬףĿعױ


279 µһ¥֮
һˣֻ¶ͷ۾ͫʣǺڵġ֮⣬Ҳûеڶɫ
һӣڵڵЬӣڵñӣڵڵĵʽʣͷţȫһƬڣ۾ҹīɫ
۾۰ǰɫģ֮⣬ȻҲûеڶɫ
ŷι쵽ÿ˶۹۱ǱǹģˣǰС
ǰϣĵ֣Ȼ粻޶á
ֱӽЩ׽žܹNȫ˿
м䣬һӡ
̧ӵĹа˸ˣĸˣ£ĸˣ¡
ŵͫһһ˹Цһ˵ʲôˣȻڼõʱ򣬻ܹ˵һţõ
һ߽ζĻͬûȫȻûа㷴Ӧ
һǳŵĳЩЦһۣ˼ǣ˵˶㣡ɼӰУӵģ
˵ֹǳڴˣ
ϧӰҲ޵úܣ
ԾɽŲͣǿУƵʶûз仯
š
򴺼״ŭҪ˵ŭˣȴƵķɳһƣһ˵һߣ
ǿƵڿзƺһ˫ε͹һ㡣
ϡ
һֺܲ˼ķʽͻأɢϼ⣬漴ĸӳĵ鱦÷ֳߵĴϣһû䣬µȻƣʹ˻Ի޾ɢ
ڳ˶ͬһʱܵƥľƣ
ƣѹϵһ£
ͬʱ¶Īɫĸ֣Ȼѻȸ
ĸ֡
֣ǡơ֣֡ǡꡯ֡м䣬һС¥󣬾ڿȻͣ
¥ȻСɣȴ쳣ϣֱһɰȺ׸߸ϵ̬ơ
Ƹ¥
µһ¥
ϤŵˣҲ׷ױ죬°֡
ĸ֣ǿеȴгʵо¥һڿͣƣмĽӣУ˾η
ڿоֻͣƬ̣طɡ
ֻĸȴûʱʧطɣ⽫ĸԽԽȻ鱦¥
ֱƷɻ˽֮УӰŸ泹ʧ
ܼžš
ؿһ˵ȣղ˭ֹ
࣬ȴǸŮӵ
˵ĿⲻԼͬľ۽򴺡
˿̣ԭϵӣѾӵɫǿиЦǸᣬᣬĳ֪ǹ¥ǰ˵ء֪λ٣
˾ĲһֻǵĺһĮ˵ȥ
̧ڰ׷һԲȻôŶӣﾫ̧Žӵİ˸ĿбӣȻô̧Žӡ
˴һ鱦
򴺵˵ȫȻ֮
ûлش
ȴ֪ǲش𣬻ǲмش
ں½УĿ֮£򴺾ͺǱ˺ݺݵĴ˼⡣УһĶҪըˡ
ȴƫƫֲܷҷҪЦţ÷Ƹ¥Ƚȥ΢΢⡣
򴺴˼ʵȫעŵ棬ĵطȥ
Ϊ˿֮еԹܿﶼᱻ˷֡
ȴƫƫұ۾ֻܵͷأκ˶ӡ
Աߵڵ˿ȫǷĵ׵ֻ
װƣ
䣡
ҪǱͷ
ں˰ɣһߵպĴ˰ɣɵƵĵСˬȻҲûܱѾǿ࣬ôҲôңҪװưͳԻҪܺóԵӣޡ
ֻǣ򴺵󻹲ҵġ
ں棬˴Ķ֮С
мһһĵͷ棬ȫǺˮʪ͸ѣĵĻ֣̿ȫΡ
⼸Ľϼˡ
һΣĽϼ鱦ʱ˷Ƹ¥֮㣻֮еȻĽһٶ˱ɱøɸɾ
ĽϼһֱҪⲻǣȴʼ޹Ǳ֮⣬ǸɴҲš
һᡣ
˷Ƹ¥ˡ
ǰμĽϼֻоԼȶӶˡ
ûˡ
һУһɻĵʵƸ¥ʲô
˵ڣԱߵѾһס죬ߵͷϣͷ乶¡
һ죬֮Щ
ҵСڡ仰ǡ


280 ѹƣ
Ƹ¥ȻᣬôʩʩȻµ˽ȥû˻ͷ
ã߲ɿ꣬Ѿ÷˰ۣ
֪£Ҫ˵˵仰ʱڲ
Χ˵Ŀ⿴ͬɵơ
֮оȻֲ۵ĽɫԺҪЩ롭

鱦Ԥµӭ黹û߳Ƹ¥˾Ѿȥˡ
˼ʸûñȽϣ
ʱĳſڣֱ֣Ц񣺡λ
Ҳֻˡ
ӭһʱ뷨ʹƲˣ
˻ԸӭԱӴˣ
ΪƸ¥˶ûӭ飬ô˻˭ã
ҪǸãǾǳıӵԼԼҲڣ
һƸ¥һ䣺ӭˬɣ
֪ôشǲҪĶˡ
ϰ徫Ĳ߻ӭݣаտһʱĳԣôһҲûϡ

ȴ˾һԲ侲Ĭ̶ȣֱѧСѧҪ
׼ȷһ㣬ӦĶ࣡
ؾأòƴҲû˸Ҷഭһڡ
˶кڣģ֪Ƹ¥ôⳡᣬҾͲˡˡ
ΪƸ¥˵ǿƵһԵ䳡״̬
ͨ᳡֮˱˴˴кʺΣϤʡˣһַ̬ƣʽǰ
Ƭ̣ԱѾȫ볡
˿鱦᳡Ψһ̨ϽůĹɽش󹩷һܣһΣȫȻ˳ɡѶ̶ʡˡ
¥ᣬһŷ߰˸ˣ˸ˣߡ۰ºˣޱ飬ĿӲ
һŷ棬һɴƮ
һʵİɴȴ罫һŷ֮⡣
аӣεҪʽʼ
İӣѾܹӵʱޣ
ǣûе
ͷðȴ֪ңò
ΪƸ¥ĵѵõİΧǾҲˡ
֮Уܿܺ˳
ΪҲǲƸ¥ġ
ȴǵ鱦
ΪûܵóԸ߳ŭ鱦鷳
ǿǺã
Ƹ¥ϾΪ鱦ñڰ
ʵϣõڵľ棬Լ߾ѾҪзƸ¥ˣ
ʱʱ̵̿ĸе֮УĿ⣬ĶԼߣԼϣϮɪɪ
ָоʵ顣
ĸоȫû˶ˣŵˣҲȷעڣǸ֪ܹоõǵĿ⡣ҪԵѹչвȣѾ㹻ܶ顣
󳬼ŵѹƬ½ϣĪķƸ¥֮⣬ֻѾûκκܹܵˡ
Ǻ½һҲ⣡
û㹻ʵΪ۹ȵĲƸֻ죬Ȼ֮ǰеôߵվҪеĺ
һԤϣ˿ձ
һƫƧ
ǹһվţĿӲȫޱ顣
Ŀͬרעߣۿϵεµ亹˸ɾ֣˽˲ʱ¶
һźţеµɱ֣ͬʱӦźţһ̣ͬʱսһʱ䣬žУȻŨ֮ɱſռ
Ϲλɱ֣ɢڸ䣬ͬһʱͳɱ⡣
ͷȴʳıӡ
ֻһ£ܼʱѪ岽
ܶԷһƥǣһֻֻһͷ
ùһɱ֮򲻹ɱ֮
˶ѣ
ʵҲûʲô˵ġ
ĿеɫԽԽԭרעĿתڵѾ¶ЩƲס̬ơ
У˿һų棬ȼգʱܱ
ڳܵѹȫ˽⣬ǷݸожôܣԸɡ
Լ㽫һ٣ѵһ٣һ١
ԱѹȴǾԲܡ
֮ͬ飬ʼǴڵģ
Уظоķſռɱÿ˵ϣ¶һֳŰЦݡ
ȻԷѾܲסô


281 ȫѹ
ŵжЦ
ΪǼ̤ǵô
Ҫ޷ô
ⲻ֪ڴģ
ȳ֣ǴĳϣԳͽ䣬㷭Ƹ¥Ҳ˵ʲô
˵ϣͬʱ¶ȫ޶µĳЦ⡣

ǿǰһ߻Ҫôɣ
սǻ߻һúӡ
Ҳ˶ѡ
ʩһν
Уʵһʬ壡
һǮֵ
ͬʱŤͷĿɭ֮ʢޱѹӱ䱾ѹȥ
ȻѾܲסôǾٶһѻǳױֻҪȱȳֵģôȻƸ¥˾Ҳ˳նɱǣ
һŷ֮С
һƬš
ԭһ˽һŰ֮󣬲Ƭ̹⾰еİ裬Ѿȫˡ
ԭ鱦һʩǽڵɫڣˣǽڱɴڱΡҲɰ͵ߡ
мλãһΣȴǰƣڲ֮ͬ࣬ûʴ
һλ¹Ӿ;棬ģ棬Ǻһ˿صЦںڵͷһӣüޣ䡣
ƺһ˿ȤζԼһ
ôţעǰϵ̴㣬峺ڰ׷ۣȻôţԵƮݳ
ڿƮҡγһֱߣֱ֮ϣ𽥷ɢĹޡ
¹ĿƮҡ֮бʡ
ȻʱеĳͻȻЩɢңԭֱֱĳȻʼƫ룬бɢңŰ¹ǰƮ֮ǰĹԡ
¹ӳڳЩ΢仯΢΢̧¶һ˿ǳЦ
ֻЦݣȴЩζ
һλ׵İŮԣ¹ӵı仯漴̧۾˵ôɱô磬֪λǷƸ¥ϲģ
仰˵ĺᵭ赭д֮¡
ŲûŲ㣬ôƵĴ˳ȥȴ֮صĵ
ֻһ仰ȴڳÿˣ
Ȼݺһÿ˶Ե
ȻŵȴΪһ仰Լͬ͵صͷ
¶ԺȻ֮⡣
Ůӵ
Ȼöȴһ㺬壬Ѫζĺ壡
֪Ƹ¥һֻŮӣһƶ֮һ֮㡣
ܹ˵ģȻһ
ƶ֮񣬾֮㡣
ֲøղʱųȻô
ڸ̾һ֮࣬඼ǻȻٿһŷ֮ʱĿ⣬ҲӵС
ȻȻᵭ赭дȴǵʮġ
ȻأвζҲŨ񣬵ȴ˸оȻһԵĸоԷȻѾô˵ˡ
ôٳѹɱ͵ǴŭƸ¥ཫ⵽ʱı
ƶ֮֮ĳȻȨƬ£òƻûл˸ð
ΪǸðģ⣬ȫˣ
֪Լղſʩѹ鱦ΪѾ÷Ƹ¥Щˡ
⵽
Եϣ֡
ǱߵѹһգɱֵɱҲʧȥѹƣȫԿ֮ʣѹͻʧһʱֲʧȥѹƵļɱɱĺȻ֮䣬ಣ⳹ǡ
˸оǹ¶ȱ仯ɭɱӰ
ɽˣߣȻ飬Ҳûг̫ĻȻ
һϺȵ侲
ƬžĿռ֮УһͬըһȻ죬ȫ
µһɱ־Ϻȶͷһѣǻָйɱջأ֮󣬲ع۹۱ǡǹĵƽ״̬֮С
һֻֻ֣Ҳɿ˽յĽ
ԣʱֵ״̬
ˣǵԳһ
ǹɸѹʧˣʶǱߡ
λƫƧڰӰ֮Уʲô˿̵УȴȻһů
ײİ壬ʵǹҵģ֮ǽҵԼˣƽյ̬ȣǲƱ˶ѡ
ˣӣ
ģǽĿ궨ñȽϵͣ״Ըһʱ֮ȴѾԸмòƺ̫ɶһ㣡
ƶ֮ĿڴлһȦ˻ȥ


282 
ڱɱ֪ô£ȥҲμ֡
һټᣬû൱İǲŽˡ
ڵİЦʵһŷĿˣƶ֮֮λ֮еһλ
˵ţЦЦﳤðʣ⣬ֻ룬ݻһ¹Ǻǣǧ¥ҲʶϽ飬Ҷˡ
Ƹ¥ְУ¹΢΢۾ɫƽûߵѶֻǸмᡣ
Ůһ°¹ӵɫžشƶֻ֮һᣬҪ顣
ﳤ˿л
һߣǳŵ˶ƶ֮ĻӦҲǴһ
ƶ֮񣿣
ã
֮ζŻû¶
Ϊ˵Уƶ֮ҪӵһЩвɱ֡
Ȼڴˣô¹ȥҲ͹ȥˡ
֮ĻȻô¿¾ûô˽ˡ
Ȼʱ
ˣ
̨һͻأ¡
ͻȻ죬˶Ǿһ
ղɱſգȫλ̨ϵĹɽ󹩷Ҳ֣һɷףΪ֪Ϊʲôĵδûо⡣
Ȼ˿һ֮УֻҪж֣ɽһУ
УУֻһᣬʲôȫû塣
һУͶֻΪⳡܹɹ
ܹһĴ棡
񻰴棡
ģҪ
֪ڴ˴֮ͻǹɽҲڴ˿Ͷ룡
Ҳῼǰ顣
֮У˸ţɢǿ֮⣬һһСˣҹٷȻùҹٷЩǡһһСȫǳʵ۹ˣᣬûҵĹٷ룬Ͼĳʵ۹ԵУⳡʵк졣
һСУȻлˣ߹ӵܣдȨյģһûС
һСڳʵ۹κγ߲εڴʱ˵أȴֻǲĴڣǵλãƫƧĵط
ƫƧĽ䣬һӶԣȴҲһѵõĻ
λӣ⼸λ߹ӵܣ޼ˡ
ҷһβûԻ⼸λȴԼԵĹϵѾĻĻ˽
λ֪ǰƣҲûʲôǶԣύ֣ΪãǿĪջ
ϾڻУԼ飬ֻҪԼֵʿ©Ȼʿ顣
ÿﶼиԵ̡
λߣżˣȻǳи߹ӵܣЩԱߣ޼ɺˣһע̨ϵĹɽԼչĿתȫע
޼һƬȻԵΪݣ˵ȴϡмֽš
Υˣ˼ͷѾȫˣһͷںͷȻΪʱж̣ûȫͣȴ֮𣬾ֹ֮䣬Գӵܵȣյֱˡ
һߵĽº˳Ҳš
ʦͽ˶ⳡᣬͬڴ
һΡȴûϴ˳ߵˡֻǾţĵţҲڴš
ᣬڱʦͽֵܵƽǼλϣЩ̿֡
ֱЩ֪ˡ
Ϊǽ֮󣬲ŷ֣ȫԼӡ֮еĽ
ġС
ǡ
һɵ硣
߻߲ûʲôĻûʲôʶЩҲʶȴԵʻ֮˼ɣһҶᣬΪ˽һЩӬͷСɱɱ
Ǵ˶ֻһȴûʲôͷԡ
ЩˣֻҪ㹦ˣܺ
׻˵úãѧգҡֻҪǸһϣӵĻᣬЩˣͻ۷һΪЧ

ǰĶ۵
Ѿγһֽʶһ֪
ǶνĽˣ߻άֱϵءͣһ̶ȵĹάʵǺЩмġ
ò˵˵ڽеһ˵ȷʵõģڽҲȷǲʵϣҡٸ󳼡Ǯ˶Ϊá
ַвͬǮɫȨλ֮顢вֻ֮ʿԷɣ
Щνĳʶֻ²ߡ


283 δظ꣬δ£
ν²ߣ㣬ָѰߣԱߣԪߣԪߣ̫µǸġʹϯϹҪڣȻʵǿ麮½߶ˣȴҪڻȨűĿ롣
Ȼӽռġˣȴ֪Ľˣȫ
ܹ˵صԱ˸šɡ˴֮⣬һ֮ۡһذͬѰ
Ӻ쳾ϲǶԣֻƽ£
˵ûĻûʶ˵ӸЩ˳ϱߣ
˵ЩǿߣȻǸšѰ˵ӣֻҪʸеģһޣҪ˵ţǸ壬ҲӵиԵѧãÿһ˶ޡ
ڳŸǲһûֹףȥЩµؼǿһ󣬾ͻᵼ߻ħ֮¡
˵Щһֲʶ˻һؼܹҡһ䣬Ϊֵġ
˵ҲֻǴ˵ѡ
ӣĵص㣬һġˣεķ֣Լ֮ΪĻʼƣѪ˼УǲһᣬһǮֵ
ȻЩɢߣ׽粻ٷӰ죬ǵңҾ͸Һԥĸɵ㣬˲֮أ
ʸ֮еûмὫνȨС
ĵ׵Ƿʧ䣬
ԭʵҲһܵõȴôҲû뵽ԼΪ̵Ļݣڽʱգʱ˵ؾôĲ£Ҫ֪粻أ
ʵ͸һȡ˼룬أ
Ҳ˶ôƼƣڽһʮСӣڲͬȤĿŷһУƺȤǵʵ۱µСĶӡ
ȴҲӵǸӡ
Ϊǳʵ۹Ψһһ߱λĻӣ
־
Сӵ֣Ҳ˻ʵ۱µ־磬г׳־ҲҪҳȥҲϣֵеľ档
˿̣λСӣһ²ϰ߲ܹעûж鱦İʲôԹԵӡϾֻʮ꣬˹ֵĳ棬ѾǴ۽ˡ

ʽĻ
ɽóĵһƷһ䶯ĵ񵤣Ԫ
գ˲ͻٲղŵľš
ǧ򣡡
ǧ򡭡
Ľм۵˷һ˸߹һˣƽνġ֡񳯲ͨĹŴ¸ߣ棬Ϊջ𱬣רҵʦĹɽش󹩷ȫȴ˹˼ɣɿĻҲԽԽһһ㣬𱬳ȻֻǵһƷ̶ֳѾһߵмֵƷҲԱĸ߶ȣ
Ȼ֪Լϰ˿ҲԽԽǴģԽԽ
ңڵڶŵ񵤿ĵʱҶЦڸϵ鱦
ķߵһ£һȾͦΣϴŵ΢ЦһĴݲȣһд⣬Ա߹¥ݵĺ̺ϣһʰϡ
Ŀⶼ˸һ¡
˳¡
ŮǸһ¡棬ϵˣж¶һɸӡŹֵɫ
˳ѹ֡ƣĳԾȴ˲ʱѹֿԼ
ͷȥעٶתƵ̨ϹɽϣרעЩƷ
µʵڼң˱ʦͽ֮⣬һʱ侹ûע⵽ҶЦߵĴˣ
񵤵ȴǲĸ˿Աģ
ҶЦôһ·ö֮ߵһŷ⣬´ǰֹ
һֹʵ󣬿Դȴһŷߣڣȴǽ᳡һעλã˷׷ѭ
ҶЦЦ鱦շ磬Щ飬ҪǢ̸һ¡
ҶЦһƽǴݲȡ
ǳĬһ£һ˵ʲô飿
ҶЦͣͣһ˵δظ꣬δ¡
棬׹üһȻЩĿ⣬˭
һߵ˼

ŵĿע֮У鱦λһŷֻ֮˵һ仰֪˵ʲô˾߽˷֮ڡ
мһĻ˾һ㵡
鱦ķʲôͷ
ôôӣ
ѵ鱦󡢷Ϊ֪ıݣ
ǳţŵˣһĻҲһĿࡣ


284 ٴ
ڹ˼ɷƸ¥ǸղŲûҶЦ˵ʵϣƸ¥һŷ֮⣬൱߶εĽƣǾҪҲġ
ΨһģֻǷ֮ſվվ˵һʲôžʩʩȻ˽ȥ
ɴһƮȻ
һ̣ŵ˶һЩ֪ãȻ⡭ô£Ϊʲô鱦ķ뷭Ƹ¥ôӣ

ҶЦһڣһ۾Ϳһˣģ񵭵һŵĹݣùݵ̨ϣһ¯㣬䣬ƺ糹׸
ȻֵͬҪΧȴǼȻš
ֻһ֮
ȴͬ˲нɽһܡ
ҶЦڵһʱ䷢һԾ飬Ǿǡƺ졣
ƺ֮ǰʲôطô룬ȴҲֻܹһİӰھ飬ȫһƬģ
ʲô
òƺܹ˵
ȻҶЦ԰¹ӵӡ޽һĸӦôģ
ȴһ¡
ǾǡһΣ
Ŵ˵гаŵĹ칦
Ȼˣģģһҹ֮䣬һЩģģ顣Ȼȫģʲôǲ϶·ȴһġ
ȻҶЦλ¹ӵȴڶһʲô
һҹ飬Ѿǲ
ջӡĶԻʱգҲϤǵˣȻһеģǶԷõĳֹ칦ȻޱȣŹ൱Ŀ֮ܣҶЦΪǳǿµǲֶԻ䣬Ҳʱյƶĥ
Ⲣ֮ҶЦĵһңһα֮ǰǴΡ
Ȼ԰¹ӵ£ȻģҶЦȻԿ϶һҹԼǸˣǰλϵİ¹ӣйһĽʡ
㣬Ѿǰٷ֮һȷ
¹ӿҶЦ߽ӾҲ̲סӹһ΢ɻ΢Ц˵
ûվԾôȻȻţƶûиıһ˿һȴѾоѾӭ㣬൱ء
һ崺ĸоôȻ
˵ʱ񾲾ģȴĿҶЦǰϸϸķ˿Ʈǰͬһ㣬΢΢ɲƮ
ҶЦͬעƬ̣΢Ц˵׹ӣ
¹ԾɱֵЦ⣬ֻȴ˱仯һ峺ĺˮƺȻ˱ڵĽˮһ󷭸
١
ҶЦ۾ͬһ£΢΢һ˫ζӸһ䡣
׹ٶ¶΢Цк
˵ҶЦȻһӡ
ӳֵϢͻأҶЦҲȷԺַŪġ
㲻ҪҶЦ֪׹Ƹ¥ʵУиֽ׶εĶԣƸ¥ʵԽǿᣬԽأԵǰƣԽ
ҶЦ˿Ϊ΢΢һЦɲÿ˶ӵڰ׹ǰµٰɣĳǲǸ˵һ䣬ܳ
˵գ㼴ʩʩȻһɴݲȣ滺ݡ
׹ĿԾɵȻƺȫȻ⣬ʵϣȴǽҶЦеı飬䡢ͷϸ΢λŹ
ҶЦ˵ʱĿͣ⡣
עһУֻΪȷһ£ϧδȷ
һֱȵҶЦ׹ӲЦȻȷʵÿ˶ʸǰܹ˴٩٩̸ġ
ҶЦԶʱȻʧЦҸøлӵĿ֮ˣϾһƿ·Ƶİ׹ӣѹκ˷衣
׹ЦˣֻһεЦݣȴ¶һƣζ
ҶЦ֣׹ӾһܰЦܻЦˣÿһЦݣƺŲͬĺ塣
˵˼κҲ²͸ģҲκܹµ͸
׹ƣһЦٶȿڵò֮ǰң
ҶЦ㶣׹⻰ȴǴӺ˵𣿡
׹ӵң
仰Ŀ쳣϶ֻ˵ƶɡ
УϬ͸¶
һ̣˵һƿ·ƣڰ׹ӵĸǣ¶
ҶЦüͷ׹˵ĳڹӵȷһʶĸоʲôطһҲ벻ˣ״£ڰ˵ʶð׹ӣȴǡЩð


285 ʮɺ죿
ҶЦĻ˵ô˵˸ղŶȻʶ׹ӵ˵ʣԸ֮ƣ׹Ȼ߸ϣʵǿᣬȴʸ֮ģΪһޱ߼ʲ֪Ƶĸо˳ͽȻ˷У
һյЦЦֵ˵°׹Цĳļԣһڼ˫һһˣ㲻ǿ䣬ǣҪ˵ӡģʲô׹ǵԲǡ
ҵӡȴֻͣʶĳ̶ȣ벻Ź֣ӸղŶйһ֮ԵǷʾһ÷ĳи˼ķ򡣡ҶЦüһľᣬڤ˼롣
׹ɫʱԵĻһ㣬ĵźϺһҵˣں̵ܶʱҵĽʡ
ˣʲôطңûӡӦõģ֮СΪʲôҲûӡأɾ²Ѱˣ
׹ͷһתȴҲûм¶ղԼδظ꣬δ¡仰֪Ǵ˵ģ֪仰ʲôζʲô
һˣҶЦβ֪Ѿǵ˹ؼʱ̡
仰һش𲻺ãǱλ׹ӵϳȥߵɱǶϡ顣
Ƭ̣ôʵһˡ
˶٣׹Ӻûдͷ
ֻǾĬţȴҶЦġ
ԻȴһԵ䳡
ҶЦı⣬ڴ׹ӣƶ֮׷һ䣬Լ˳ƽȥͺ񽲹µʱ˵µ˽ؼ֮ʱͣ٣µ׷ʡΡ˵֮˵£ҶЦǰλڣòƺܲӣûһ׷ʵġ
ҶЦȴֲȥֻм˵ȥֽʮɺ졣
ʮɺ졭׹ٶȱһ£ظ֡
һߵҲ̧̧ͷҶЦһۡ
λʮɺһ֣߹һӣ˿νཻĪ棬ƣһ˾ɱ֮ǰһ˵
ҶЦ˵ĺܳأپͱ϶ԣġ
׹ü΢΢
ɫһʵ˵ʲô
׷ˣ
ҶЦ̾˿ʱ˵һҼҹӣһҪ˵ˣδظ꣬δ¡ֻϧ׵̫ˡ
ҶЦ˵ꡣ
ˮ֮ǰĵȻ׹ӹȻɫ㣬üʼ̲סضһ¡
ʮɺ졣
ҶЦ˵ʱҲף仰ʲô˼Ҳ֪Ĺ˭һͷˮҲкֱգƸ¥ҲסʮɺĹӣţµİ׹Ӹɡ
׹ɫתΪ䵭Բ
еɫȴҲԽԽ䣬ɭȻ̹ǡƵĿ⣬㣬Բ졣
ɫҲЩԶ
ƺǣ˾Զǰĳˣĳ¡
ʮɺ졭
ʵ֣һ֡
֣Ӧʮɺ쳾ǡ
ǰڰ׹ЧһͷĿ֮£ְȨԣҲǵķƸ¥м
ֻڵķƸ¥һʹ֮˽ɢЩҲһռɢ
һΣ׹ٶȻص䣬Ҳٶټɲȴη֣ʱѾȥ̫ˣԶҶѾˡ
һʮɺ쳾飬ȻһѶ˵ѶģȻеľ
֮裡
ȻؼĻǴ˵һ仰
׹ڵ߸֮رҡҡ׹ǹ⣬Ȼ˵δظꡭδ£
ʵһε߸׹ԭ϶ΪԼģһε߸
ԣ仰˵ʱ򣬰׹ӵıֻǣƸ¥ѾԳΪȥʽ֮еĵ߸δؾµյ㡣
ԼδʼҪص֮ϣƵġ
ֻҪرõ֣ôӴ˾·ƣУδ£˵̫С
գ׹˵仰ͽɢ˷Ƹ¥
ĳ̶ֳȶԣѾʵ仰ֻȡرԲҪתԼǸط
ֻǺҸرʧ䣬׹Ӳòپ۷Ƹ¥һֵĵ߸
Ȼʱ仰ˣȴǷƸ¥м
Ȼ仰֮ɢֶÿһ˶εļסһ仰
Ҳ˶仰͡
ϾͬoһĹүµһ仰


286 Ŀģ
ң仰֮ǿһɢ仰ı⣿
ܹ˽仰ġ⡱ǷԵõĳֻĳЩأ
ԼܳΪ繫һĴڣȴܹԼıʵһɣ
ԣڰ׹ӳǱǶ仰ľͳΪһصĴʣϧʼܹõʲôȴˣڷ仰Ĺ䣡
ã׹ƵĿӳתҶЦ˵ʮɺ졭ʲôطģ
Ȼ˵ǲӦں½Ӧ򣿡
ҶЦһ
Լʮɺʱ򣬵ȷ򡣶ңʱԼûгΪЦ
׹ӳ˼ţ˵ʮɺ졭ΪѾӽ۷壻Ӧںܶʱھܳȥġ
Ȼ󣬰׹ӿҶЦȥ׷һ䣺ʵ㱾˰ɣ
漴˵Ϊô͡Ǳˣ
ҶЦжʱһ
׹ӹȻ˼ܵ˼㡣
ֻǴһϣƲô࣬ңȻûȫ˵꣬ѾԼҪǲɺϣ˵˼ǻۣ¡
Ȼ׹ӵ˼ԶԶס
㵱ʮɺ죬Ӧʮ֮ǰ֮ǰôʱԲڵ⸱òԣڵòӦݵġ׹ӵ˵ţ̧۾ҶЦʵ
˵ҿоŹ֣ȴȫӡҲ˵ͨˣ죬ӦҲںܾ֮ǰң
ô㵽˭ʣʮǰ˭
һʼȳҶЦʱоڵİ׹Ϭ쳣ͬ׺һ㣬ĶԼ۾
һ̣һֺܹĸо
Ǿǡ׹ӵ񣬾һ磬ֱܹԼϤԼĵеܣûκˣܹע֮£ܹ򶨡
ҶЦƫƫͷܿ˰׹ӵ񣬶ıܿߵĽ
ʵٶҶЦҪȥ
Ϊʾ
԰׹ǿһһۣҶЦȴоЩܲס
Լľȫû⡣
ھ棬ȴǾԲǰ׹ӵĶ֡
ȥĻᱻ̽ϤԼܣȻвʣȴҲѡ˹ܡ
ⲻ֪¶Եľ֮ɫ
ڵĹȻԶԶûлָԼǿʵӵֻҪһˣȴûгֹôƫȥ
ӵ񣬽һۣ
ǹΪָһ۶ס˵ĻǣҲܶ˲価ϤԷһܡ
ΪûлֱָӶ˻ǣ˽Է̣ĵȴǰ㲻ġ
֮£ûܹԼܣ
Ȼǰ֮裬ȴǾôһƫͷܹ˹ӵ
Ȼ˵ã˵ӱܣܱܵǡô˿֧׾˵赭д׾٣ʵܿɹ˹Ŀ࿴
׹Ӷ仯ҲǺЩĿҶЦһۣȻ
ҶЦ׹ˣֻ¶ھΪһĵá
׹ӵЦƾһ㾫ǰ
׹ƽȻеĺ壬ȴǰ磬˿ڡ
Ȼ׹һ㣬ұԱġҶЦ΢ЦףȻô˵ȴǴ
ȻǱ̨ʱǣȻһ㣬Ҳδؾˡ
׹Ȼ˼һ˿Ц⣬漴⣬˵ǰң˵ĻΪשĿĴﵽѾˡĽֻǽ׶ĿģᵥֻҪ°ɡ
ǡҶЦͷ
ղѹ鱦󡣡׹ӵ˵
ҶЦǡ
׹ӷһ㿴鱦ȻһսȴôҲŵĶ֣һһҲֻһ;
ҶЦͷϡ
׹ƵЦЦĿģҪҰæΪͬʱţ֮䣬֮⣬ûܹЧİ
ڵĵ۹ȫҲܱסǡ
ҶЦͷǾ仰ǣ˼
׹Ʋ䣬ȴǶ˼ּڽƵĿǰ˵ΪҪ㣿벻κһɣȴǰǵңѵˣ
ҶЦԾɴݲȣЦҵҪǵĸǱ˴֮һ㣻ǰ׹Ӳͬ⣬ô鱦ȻҪһεѹأδؾһܶȹ


287 δң
ֻҪ鱦ϸһ൱棬Ϳ԰ΣΪδܻǸţȻһȥӦֻƸ¥ȴȻӴ˳Ϊ鱦ܻӭĿˡ
׹ЩЦвң
ҶЦһЦʵܲпᣬȻȻ޿ɱ⣬ôٶһƸ¥ΣӸղҲ˵鱦սֻһ;ôȻ˸ǿʲô𣡡
׹Ц⻰ҲʭӶ˲ôǡע·һټϷƸ¥Ի·һ¿ˮô
һߣҶЦУҲζ֮⡣
һһ
ԭֻǾ˾⹫ӴʧֵĶһۣ˿̡
ûмǰҷƸ¥ѰģȻֺεвʽЩѰұƬ֮£ҲѾټǧû˸вƸ¥ġ
֮裬ǵ죬֮ΪȷǷȴȻǿǰġ
׹˵ĺܶԡҶЦһЦ鱦ʵţǲӣǱֻ·һǷƸ¥ܸǰôȻʱ̣һƸ¥ʲôˣʵ
һЦѰʱ̣Ȼ˲ǣдģҲҵơڵȾ棬ȴΨбˮһսһһίۣ˷ѱ˴˵ʱ䡣
׹ٵЦˣϬӣ˲仯˴ˮһºͣˮһսǰһҲƥ֮¡ǲ˷ѱ˴ʱ䣬м˼
ҶЦͷòȻϣΪǡ
׹жһȤĹʣ˵ѾնؿڣȴȻ˵ףʵݣѵ˵ʵݣ֮һ鱦ĵʧΪҪ
ҶЦĬһ£ʵвѵĿԡ
׹Ȼĵͷ˵ʵݣȻǱһ鱦Ҫöࡣ˵·ġ鱦ʧˣֻҪָıݣܹңڵĻȥûܹʶ㡣
˵ܹʱһ鱦󡣡
ô˵ʵе̣ң鱦йٷ㣬Ӧǳʵ۹֮Уһصˡ˵˵ĺˣ
ҶЦЦţ˵
׹ӲǵĿ£ѾҶЦһִĿĵĸо
κ飬ֻҪһͷܹĽһȫףԲа©
ǰʵǶ˵һûҪ֣ͻ౩¶Լһ֡
׹ֻԼϥģȻͷ۾ٿҶЦǿԼ޳˫֣ȴڶҶЦ˵㲻˵ݣȴҪҰ㣬Ȼ˵ǺôУȻҼ裬ȴɵõĶ
Ż˵аգ˵ںһг񡣡
Ϊֻ֪ҪһӦֻ̣˵ĵơҲǣ
Ϊ㲻ϱ¶ԼݣΪԼ˳ĺ·ȴȻ˵İգʮ㣡
׹΢ЦŽĿٶȾ۽ҶЦ
ҶЦοЦ
λ˵֮еķƸ¥ˣȻǵһʱƲ顢ʼĩɡ
Ĵ˴򽻵ĺʡ¡
ͬʱҲΣա
ֻҪκһ©˫ʵʵ˲Եȵǰ£ʵһʱ㸲֮Σ
ҶЦ˵ӣҴɵİգǵĺԴɡ
ɰա˵ɣжȻиաô࣬һϵĳɹʣȷʵֵóԡ׹ӳȤĿҶЦҸղű⣬Ͻⳡ̸ϳȥȴѾͷʵںܺ档
㾿Ǵʲôطóţ׹ͷͷϵķ˿ҲƮһ£Ŀһͬ󺣵ĲΣͻȻӿһ¡
㵽ʲôȻƶܹң
ң֪˭֪ϣûҵòĶ
һ㣬׹Щˡ
ʵ
Ավŵ˿Ҳǳ˺ʡ
֮裬ʲôܹ˵öأ
֮£үҪʲôȡ󡣴ûʲôǹүҪòġ
ûʲô£ܹջ˹ү
㣬Ƿ긲¥µĹʶ޿ɶҡ֪
Ȼ֮ȴ˵Ҫʶôƾѵ״Ӻζ


288 ˷ɣ
ҶЦҼȻôˣû൱İգô
˿̿տ˵׻Ȼ棬ĺȤİա׹һȤζҶЦֻǣȻƾղܴңô֮ءİֻɣҵİȴʮɣ
˵Ƭ£ûܹǰ˷֮󣬻ܻš
ʵϣһ⡣׹ӿϣڵȻûа仯
ȻռϢȴ˲ʱݵġ
еĳڴ˿ɢҳһһţ£֮ǰĹ
ҶЦǺһЦӸ£ַƸ꣬ڲ䣬Ϳ˥ңǧ䣬һһεִ˲ƣȻֻǽһеһϷδȤӲ档
׹ӳû˵
ڿԶ϶ǡƶ֮֮λǧ䲻Ͻе߸ߣˣǧǰˣ£ǧǰ£ԣλȻ¼˸ǣʵȴǾӦֻڵһ㡣
ҶЦɵ˵ңôεĵ߸ȻĳĿĴڡ
ӦֻΪƸḶ́ȻٺϷվᷦζ
ԣδظ꣬δ¡
ҶЦһ˵һԼ˼·˵Ĳ죬ÿһ֣ҧú
׹Ҳھţţϡ
ǰ׹ͻȻϣҲζҶЦ;
յ㣡
һǰڵۣڵˣͻȻ֮С
ãûаʵĸо
ƺֻҪһ紵ЩһʧӰ١
ֻڷе˶֪ҶЦ˵ÿһ֣׹Ӷ˶
аֵ©
߸һʢʱڵ죬Ǭǣ̫ࡣһİõ顭
ҶЦ̾һ׹ĳֲòĿԣʼղһ顣
ϾͿ̿ǿŤתƣΪޱѪ֣Ѫԩ꣬ҲҪ൱Ĵ۵ġµˣɲһҪıܹıģ仹Ҫһٸġ
ҶЦ̧۾Ű׹ӣ˵Щ֪׹ΪȻ񣿡
׹ӵɫٲȻû˵ĿȻԾעȴûҶЦӣ֮
ǰ׹״λرһ˵Ŀעӣ
֪ˣûлرܹκ˵Ŀ⣬һΣ׹ҲҪرܣԶԷеɫǧε߸֮У׹ǣظꡭ
׹ӵһλر˱˵Ŀ⡣
ȻɫȻƽƽĿȻģһȴҲһ¡
һߣƶ֮ȴǵЦЦԲӡ
ҶЦŶԸŹۡ
˵Թ䱾ǳַֺϺϣһ˱ȻһԹ࣬Ϊһ֮˽Ϊһ֮ȨŰ££ңȴֺιȻȻ޹ȴֺδߣֻбĬĬһ;Ͼͷһ֮󣬱ǰƽͣǣ
بԽһֻأ
ܶʼѭֹսϨ
һɣҿݹӯɽοһ֮˥һ֮
˵νգʲôʱܹԼˣսȼ𣬼԰Ϳ̿ɢ˭ȥ˵֮䣬δܹǹ
ҶЦҪ˵ӦԣǱȻ˵ȥҪ˵ʲôеƷ˵ʣںţֻһڣһΪıλ֮ˣӪĻɶѡ
Щڿеˣһɾ͵ϵλһЩ֮ǰͳΣ
ڿɽ֮󣬺γĿ꣬
Դ֣ǡڣȨȨ棡Ȩһеһ
𽥵ȴԴ絶²ͳߵĹߣȡ
֮࣬ʼգδйƽϢ
䣡
ǲ£
ǵ
ǲ֮£д½ͬ
δйı䣡
᣺ΪȻ񣿡
ҶЦͳļ⾫ұͬȴȻ䣡˳ų֣Ѫ֮־֮ʿ
ǺǡЦ䣿ν˳ų֣Ϊˣ
ҶЦεЦЦ
⣬Ц֪Ҳֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ˽ˣܹٿذŪ֮ˣҶЦȻǲģǿ磬ֻ档
ҲһɱӯҰȨϷ˶ѡᣬɫºͣ˵ĻȴǴ޵ıһλӺ쳾ϲ


289 Ǵм
ǲ˼飬ȨϷȴǲмһˡ
ȻԹһһķܹϷɾԼĻͼҵôΪβܽ߸
Ȼ²ע޷һѵĵôһѴ˭ʲô𣿡
ʵ
ҶЦ̯̯֣ε˵ȷû𡣡
׷ʵղ˵Щеûģѵ̸νİգ
ҶЦؿڵ۵٣ڲ˵ȷʵûжķֱ𣬵Щսҵ˵ȴδɣ
˼飬е
ҶЦһ˵˼飬ب񣬱עãν˳ݣΥͼٿزŪߣǴ
Ǵ
صĺһûٶȿڡ
ҶЦĳ⺮½ʷ飻ԴӾǰһʳһλʵ۵ǻˣǰоǧ£
½ٸң
ÿһڻۼپʳʮ󣬱ȻѪϾĽ֣𾡣Ӿ⣡
ÿһг޳ɣΪΪľǧŽɽ̡Ȼ󣬾Ƿսԭ
ղȻս֮࣬ȴʼԭݣҰղѪУſ˵ǧЩͼǧĵǣڳΪ֮֮ȴʮ֮䣬Ѫ
ʵķ̾ǣпӹѪеز֮ѣĵѪȴҲӲѣӾˡ
ʧʷ֮еϣʮ֮˾Ŷǵ֮ң
ҶЦ˵Щƻ˼䰲֮˵Ǵ⣬ǳͷǷɣ
Ѫ⣬̣
һ֮λҪԼŬѪɵĵǲܷɣﻹ
ղ޴󹫵ֻĬĬܣȴ³ΰ֣ȴҪ߹ȷʵ޴ùʵǹ޴ֻΪڿۣƶб޹Ѫߣ֮Ӧֻ٣
ǻҪ˵ʲôȴû˵
Щ飬װ׵ʷء
ȻЩʵۣȨбǮĨɱ޶ʷ֮ˣûнЩڣһһܱ粵˵ģ
ҪĻڣҶЦû˵
Щ£ĺһǣǵãһʱ޲ϤһԱĹߣһһŵͷǨ֮·˽칦ѫ
ڵһǻʱһλڲúĽԼעѪעкͷô߸ڳͷʾڣĳһ˵䣬Ϊ͵Ҫƾݣ
󣬻ΪǴɣǷƸ¥ûҪռݰ֮λľֻǣÿһʱ򣬶һƬ¸һĸĳѣһ˵°գĪĺ£սҾ֣ΪǵĽ룬ĽƽϢν֮ıдΣνղƽϲ֡Ϣ£̫ƽӣǵĹ£
ĿݣǿӲ˵ԣղŵ۵ֻǲۣƬ֮˵νѭҵ˵á
ҶЦȻ˵Ȼ沢ãôµİ׹УȴΪǰأ
Ŀ⣬һעӵ˰׹ӵϡ
һ仰ķͻȻ䴩͸Ƶ硣
Ϭ
޿ɵֵ
ͻȻȻĿȴתΪɭɱκ˵ı
ҶЦȫᣬԾ˵Ҹղ˵ˣϸĹ伮ڷƸ¥ܣҲһһȻġ֮ǰضµķƸ¥׹ӣҲйء
ȻΪ࣬޵úܣЩϼϣȴһλ
ҶЦ˶٣˵ĳĳͻȻս𣬷УһصĽ˹ؼãǷƸ¥ߣ¥ԻףΪͨ죬纣˳ᢣʤǧǬ֣ġȴ߲м
һλҶЦ˵ټ˵֡ȴ߲мֵʱ˵ø
һһ䣬һһ٣ǴＷ˳ÿһ֣ͬ޴ص
ߵͷ
ɫʱһ󷢰ףҧס촽ȻҶЦĿ⣬ȴøĪɱ磬ȫΡ
Ȥǣ֮У׹ÿεν߲мȻǲһġҶЦ˵


290 ҵĵƣ
λѾƬΰ˵ο˵λ䣬ֻҲһ˰ɣ൱ֲʵ
ҶЦ¶һЦ¶ŭɫ΢Ц
ֲֿͣͨģҵóһۣλȻǾ֣ңǲĳǿߡ
ڣλʵΪһĻ½ܿܶδܹݵһˣ
ԣԲڱֳġ
ҶЦ˵Ҹղ˵ǵ࣬ǡƸ¥ֻҪŵ߸֮ģǧʧѪ죻ͱȻܵĳͷ
νķɣ
ַɣȻǰ׹ľ˲šǿߣҲ޿ɱġ
ĳ󵨶һ䡭׹ĲУԵڴˡҶЦ̧ͷŰ׹һֱȻ˵һεĺҵĵǣ֪ƣǷԴ򶯹أ
׹˿
ع鵭Ȼɫǲˣž
ƺҶЦ˵ȫȻ޶ԡ
һЩȣ׷ʵ˵һЩΪֹûʵڵ棬̸δ񡣡
ҶЦȻҵ˼ףǴҲã߻ħҲգȻδȫƣȴһֶΣ߿׹ӺλŵǸ⣬ǰһЩ
ҵĵơ
ҶЦ̹Ȼ˵鱦ĪΣͱˣ鱦һΪȫκһ鱦治棬Ƹ¥ҲѾܹ뵽ϣڡ
ȻƸ¥˴ε߸Ŀ꣬鱦ڵĹң˵˴˵жȻעʵڲıڣһͶ·
ҶЦЦЦĳ֣ǧ꾭ǣǲмİ׹ӣҲһԵ߸µġ
Ҹղᵽɰգǹҵĳ⣬Ǯǿ׹뻹ǲε״ǰһЩ⣬ôȻԺǲҪôĳ͵ʲôҲû˵Ծ¾⣬ɰܲΰ룬һɾ
ҶЦѵЦЦ䣬ҪðһЩյġһνһŷ߾һһðա
תͷŰ׹ӡ
ǿҵζ
ԵĻһڴӦҶЦ
ںܾúܾ֮ǰ״η֮ӾͿʼܸ߲֡мäĿʧϡȵȱݣǵĲΣȻѳֶ̫̫ΣϧͳͳЧ
˿̣ǻһ˵ԼֶΣԻɣ֮Աǣ⻰ڷ֮裬ȴˡ
ɺܼ򵥣֮鱦ľǵ񵤵ӵߡ
Ԫϴ赤ƽ߲εĵҩڰ׹ӵ˶ԣʵ㲻ʲôƼĵҩȴֲͬն׹ԼɣȻù鵤˵еľת𵤣Щҩȴûκһŵı˵ƼڵĲλУƼǵҩ֮еļ£ν
ҪԡɡΨͬ£Ի
Ȼ˵һŵƼԪʲôľܼʱ⣬϶ûô򵥣ĳרҩؼģֵҩǵƼģſã
еŻŹӣϣܹӦ
Ȼʱ̣Ծһ仰ҲҶ˵
Ϊǹӵ飬ֻйԼſԾ
ͬʧ̬׹ӵɫԾƽ޲
һ̧̣Ƥ
עҶЦ
֧ͬâ¶
һ̣ҶЦоԼͬݺݵš
һʹľʹ
Ȼ󣬰׹ӲҶЦӦԵͷԼȡ
˫ȣûа֪Ȼʱľͷ׹ܹظоԼϣŵľ޴
ǡһ־ط½½ƥ
ΪָҪֻ֣ҪһĿ⣬ܹκθ֣κη
ֻҪһ񣬾ܹ񣬾ڵء
ƶ֮֮㣻ַȫǬ䣡
˿⼸仰ֱ˼£ΨԼ֪ʲôַǬ䡭
ԼʵڣͲݣ
ʵ
һֱͣ
ȻǬɽӣҲֻҪԼһ䣬ȫߣĴԲ⣡
o
׹ֻЦ
ʲôo
ңǣ
֮£Ī֮Ī仰Լ˵ֻЦһͷβЦ˶ѡ
ڣԼȴֻĬĬ
𺳲񷡢ٴصļʵһҲܶã


291 ֮֮ڣ
׹Ƶ̾һģƺһ̣ޱǺӣǳ۾⡣
ҶЦ϶ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ׹ӵͷҶЦ֪õ
׹ͻȻ̧ͷЦˣǸˣĺܴУҲǿ㾹ȻĿһЩ˿Ķ
ЩȻ֣ߣܹҵĿҲΪֻżȻвм
ĿȻҶЦϣƺǿһƬޣĿ޵ףһΣΪȫʧڶΣΪȫʧֲ̧𣻵ΣΪȫʧϣĴΣΪȫʧϣϹˡ
ߴΡǵھŴΣһΣΪȫʧ˫Ŀäȫϣϣʶȫɥ
ֲмǡ췴ɣѪٵı
ͨϵ˻޹أ벡ʹ޹ء
׹һЩ˵ΣȻӵеƼĵҩȻȻų鵤еѰҩô
ҶЦЦЦϣûвη幫ӵ֯ˣ˸Գ빫ΪУͬģĵɱΪǱ鲼£ÿ˶ҪɱһµĴ棬ֻûˣҵƭˣĵһܵˡӦûɣ
׹ӵЦЦü֮ԼԼ¶һİ
һְӲأκ˶еǿҵ
ԴĵףԴԹİ
ྻֻ־Լϥã΢Ц˵ǲ࣬ΪֹûУֻǰ߾һˡ
ҶЦЦֻߣǰʵֻһת
׹ӳȤĿŶ
ʵҵıĶԣǾԲ룬ӲáΪṩġҶЦ̹ϵ˵
ΪҪ߸ǳʵ۹

׹ӵĿû뵽ҡĸ飬˵ǡ
ҶЦһĵ˵ͷĻشǣ
׹ӵĿָ˼ʡ
ƺȥ֮Уһʱ侹ˡ
ΪطԼжϾٵĳһʧ
ΪǰӦϽˡ
룬ҲӦˣˣԲӦöƬ½̫ĸ顣
ߣǿִ˽
Ҹˣ˸ң
ǰˣȴǼҹ黳أңк
۰׹Ѿȷϣһֱû˵ڣǺܸɴؽԼ²ֿԼ˶
֮裬ľǺ½ңǳʵ۹ĳ
ҪȻķӦ
һˣǣԼԣǼ£ǿԴõĺ£ȻԼδмʹֶΣǶһƺֶΡ
ͬʱǰ˵ߣΧ£ôһ֣ɻԼļƻеĸӱ˳ǴǶȿǣԷĺҪҲǲУϾȨԼߣʱԷת棬һУվʵģʼԼߡ
֮棬ǴӺ½ȥˡòû˵˲ѽ
ҲǺ쳾֮еһȽϴ֯ν黳ҲǵͳϴԵһֶΡ׹ӵ˵ҲǼʶ֮ˣôҲ˼룬˼ʵӡеķǺϡ
˵仰ʱǹ˸
仰أŲһЩ⡣
Ϊڰ׹Ӷԣ仰ʵһ̽
̽һǰһǲװģ
ҶЦص˵ֶֻΣТ壬֮֮ߵ֮ɡҵؼ䣬ܴһЩŵĶЩͽҲһ˿ԼΪ֮ܶĿꡢ򡣡
׹üŶ
üʱüë𣬾̾ɽǱԨ
ȵüչʱȴȻԾ죬졣
ҶЦע⵽㣻оҲ͵һ
δ˵üëһһչ֮䣬Ȼı仯仯ǺѵΪûѵıܡ
ֻ쳤ɣ츳
ҶЦ˼⣬л˵Ϊһˣֻ˵ΪһˣҪԼںĶҪԼػĶҪԼᶨҪһ֮֡߳ģ֮ǣ֮꣬ʲôֶΣΪΣֻҪԼ̣Ҫ
ҳļҹ£ҵڣ룬ᡣ
ҶЦ˵ⷬʱͻȻһĪ泩
һԴӽžͱѹƵһҲͻȻ˳
ȫףȴ泩Ѽ


292 񵤣
һ̣ҶЦоԼľһǼȵ
ڰ׹Ƶļѹ֮£ҶЦԴӽͱ䵽˾Ե·״̬֮УһֱѹѼһҲγɾþòͷŵĸӰ졣
ѹ֮䣬й֪жܣ
ղйȥѹƣֻɰˣһּ˲Ȭİˣ
Ȼһ̣ȴԼв䲻Ƶļ֣Լ֮ڵػУ˵һ
ȻԼľڱǿѹ֮󣬾طͻһľޡ
׹üëչȻעҶЦ˼
ֻǣ׹ȴӹһ˿Ѳʧɡ
Ȼ
ˣִ˵֮е֮ʿ
Լ֮ǰԤ֮еֿܡǸˣȴǾԲӦô顣
˵ԲǸˡ
ȻѾעǡ
ô֮ϣ;ԲԼѰõǼ
֮Լһʧˡ
׹ӵͷ޳ȴִһ˿أȻܱͬҺѡ񣬶ļ֣Ҳء
ҶЦо׽ζһһէòǺЩìܵĻһֵףл
׹ӵЦЦڣ⣻Ҳ̸ļҹ£ֻҪ֪İաš
ҶЦ΢ЦӡԸΪԶʶǹھ£ҵֻǵĵ񵤣ȴֻһЦƼĵҩȻųǡ鵤չֻǺųƣδؾͶԹĲмЧ
׹ЦܺãͨҵһԣԵ񵤺ų鵤Ϊİڣ˵ֻ뿪ˣ
뿪ν岻ףȿ뿪䷿䣬뿪磡
ҶЦһЦޡӵˣͽ䣬˼ҩʯȫȻá˼֮ã׹Ƿ˵鵤
׹ĿȻĿɣһֵ鵤
Ƕ鵤ҶЦͷ
׹һˣҲЩ㡣
һߵҲǼ΢΢졣
鵤ҶЦ̾ȻǶ鵤
׹һۣжһ˿
ȷʵȷʵ͸뵽ġ
˼Ȼܹôĵ񵤣߾ܹͬΪ˵еƷ鵤鵤
Ȿ˳µ顣
ƫƫһҶĿɽ
Լ˾Ȼܡ
˵⵹Ҳְ׹벻ίʵ鵤Ѿ꣬ûڸֹˡ
ֻǴڴ˵֮еƷ鵤
ʵ鵤Ҳͷˣ书Чϸ˵ȴҲǡҶЦ΢ЦبԽ˵һλߣƽɱΨһĶӣȴԴӳǾήңעǻʮġ
׹΢Ц
֪ҶЦ˵һʲô¡
£ʵҲ֪ģȴûֹҶЦ˵ȥ
λߵͨΪӦΪԼռһԣ֪ΪԼƽɱ޶ȣ޹ߣҲֱӼӵ֮ˣΪɱ¾̫࣬ͽ䡣
ҲνġǴ
׹˵Դ̥ǰֲ֢ڷӿǲֻ֢֮ϸ׷Դ⾹ǲڵĳͷ
һһ֮Уƶͷбǡ㲻ܲġΪĳЩؿԽңֱϵѪȴһ죬Ὣͽн
ҶЦͷˡ
˵֪ڣλ߷ԼԶȫֶΣʵϣʲ֮ǰλǰѾţЧõʲһ翵ֶΣԾ֮λʧ֮࣬ٲɱ¾֮£Ǳҽҩ֮λ棬βˣΪҲˣĳλ棬һ֮ʱʹＫط̩֮鵤ڳɹ֮࣬ط˽
λ߶򣬲Ҫе޵ĵرܹȲ֢ǡҪӸԴ֣һֿеĶҩӾʼ͸ܹλɵĸԴˡ
ֵҩҪҩȻѰȴһ⡭ɵǵ۷ĵƼܹá
ǲƼ㲻Ƕ񵤣Ժķѡ
ʵν񵤣֮ԱΪ鵤ʵȴΪ鵤ûе컯֮ΨƼ鵤Ψܹ컯֮ſУĲ֢ڱѩޡֵҩǴӸֲȱݣİԣԣ鵤񵤣֮񵤣ûƷףֻеһƷף


293ļ֣ҵػ
ҶЦŰ׹ӣһ˵׹ڵ״Ȼĸ̥Ĵ֢ȴǲͷѪɡ֮ıȻӱʵȻǿᣬȴδ֮δܿʴ
Ȼ׹ӱԾ൱ãȺγܲ췴ɣҲûֻܹ岻Ǻܽ˶ѡڣӵ̶ȣҲڶ񵤵ƷΧ֮ˡ
ֻҪʱգ񵤣һ󼲱ӭж⡣
ġָ֮ǾԿõġ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦҽĵ֮ڡĵգڵΪôܹգóȻ׹ڵķƸ¥һŷ
׹ӵЦˣİգ൱ĳ룬ҪӦ㻹ʲôǣȨʼҡ
ǵȻҳֻҪ빫ӺδҪࡣҶЦȻһЦ޲ߵľƣѾܹŬ
ǰ׹ͬȻǱ˴˽Դϲǰ׹ӲҪᣬôĽǸղҲѾ۹ˣ뿪û̫𡣡
׹ĿϬôû̫㲻ǻһݣҪʱû⡣಻һЩеĶ˶ѣĵǵ񵤣鱦󡣡
ҶЦɵЦЦҪȡַôҾͲ
һΪΣʼѾ鱦ڵĵˡһ±ȫԼµ鶼ϳԣôȥеĶӣʱܹпݲմһҲµµ
һЦ׹һ쵼ߣӦף˵仰ʲô˼
׹ĸֳһЦ⣬ͷȻ׵ģ벻־С
ҶЦٺһЦ룬м֣һѪղˡǽİ׹ӡгһգն״Ҫ׹ܹʰ׹ξ񣿡
һߵİŮ̧ͷؿŰ׹ӡ
顣
ܹεȾǸ֮¡
׹¶һ˿ˮһЦ⣬ЦЦᣡ
̶֣˵ɣȴ޾
ǲش
ΪֻҪش⣬ľ͵γɡ
ҲԼλԾ֮У˰С
ȫնԷĻ⣬Լѡ
ǰ׹ӲҪĽ
ˮȫиĿ⣬׹ȴֻһĪᣬȻ֪ԼǲشҲаԼԼʧȥһġ
Ϊ׹Ӳѡش
ҵ·ƣʲôֵܹùҵ
׹΢ЦĿҶЦ
ҲҸղҪ˵Ĵ𰸡ҶЦؿ˵ļ֣Ҳҵػ˶ѡ
׹Цˡ
һЦ˫ϵĳ
׿ϣһε˲ʱҸ硣֪λߵĶӣκûУ
׹ЦˣȻκˣȴҲ˷ɽ纣Ĳϣλһ֧֣Ҫɵ֪ǰҲλСӣҲڳΪһǿߣɾͼ˸֮¡
ԣĿ
ǵʱ֮ѰǴ˻ܹκãôǸӵС˼
֮Ҳڲ֮󣬹ӾͿԻָ״̬
ֻǡ֪ǶҪģҩ֮ѣǡ֮衣׹˵ֻгɾ͵ƼĶ鵤ſɳ֮Ϊ񵤣ܳɾ͵ƼǷϵô
ڣ񵤣ȻȷʵڣԹҲֹֻλƳɹһ¯ѣ˵Ķô׹һ̾
ĿⲻһЩȴ˲ʱֹ·ԡ֮衱Īһ㡣
ʵ˵Է֮ģĪ˵Զ񵤵ĳɵԸ˿
Ϊÿһοڲз״֮УǺܡ
һλǿߣּǳʱɽӶĳ֣ȴֻһСС֮ϣ޸֮ͨһҲɵá
ӢΣ׳ʿĲҵܲͷ£
Ȼ׹Լܹÿûн·ϣΪˣÿһʱÿһʱ̶ŹȴÿοҪ˱
񣬾ĵõϣ
񵤡
֮裬˵ô
һģ


294 
׹ӿҶЦȻܹ˽񵤵ƹʣҲ֪λ˭
ҶЦͷȻҺ˵һУλߵݱʢǵʦһبԽĪʢ£ѸƵʢ£
ҲǺķ֮ۼڶλ棬Ϲʦͬʱ֮ҩɼһգ̫̫εʧܣһλԵɺϵ£һλʦһ¯񵤣
չȻȼü֮֮ӽȥɡȻԴԺҲûµĶȻλɹƳ񵤵ĵʦǴ֮γԣϣ˵ȴʼͽ޹λʦ֮ʱԶԴһεĳɹˣһλԵɺϡ
׹ӵó񵤣ʵĨɱĵʵˣȷʵ˵ǧѵһĵţȻΪֹҩȻǵƼ鵤Щ鵤μֻͣΪ֮ãǿӦ棬Чν΢񵤣ȻֻõһλףȴϵǴ񵤣۵λףҪھת֮ϣ֮֮ǰƵЩҩأ޷ͬնҺȤ֪㵽кģԳɹɴ˵ɾŲ֮ΰҵ
ҶЦ̹Ȼ˵Ĳƴ˵ȷʵмѵ㣬ȣɵƱƴ˵ĵһѵ㣬ǻҪأԭ֮ǰᵽͲ׸ԣڶѵ㣬ȴΪ˵ҩģƶ񵤵ҩĲϡȻЩҩģȴоžŰʮһֶ
һʮҩģʮһϵӦǶԳ壻ÿҩģҩĸԶԳ壬˴˸ӲݡһìܵӣɼǱо֮࣬óһۣ񵤣߾ìͬʱ֮УѰٳһܴڵƽ⣻ܹƳɵֻҪƫǰϡ
Уҩҩҩҩַľĸƽ⡭ֹ죬Ϊûôѡ
ԣһ繫˵һõѶȣȷǲͬն
ҶЦȻһЦƶ񵤵Ҫ㣬ڵƼƵҩֶȻμѣҩģпΪǵƼһݹبԽֵĵ鵤һҲָֻ֮
֮⣺ֻңܣ
׹ӵͷ˵ˣǧȴѾδеƼ鵤ʵȴȵͼλ档֮ĵ񵤣ԣ˵ǻһܹóɶ񵤣ô˳֮⣬ȷʵǲڶġ
һ񡣻֮⾹¼ȻùϿɣǹҲȷ˷֮Ϊյõ񵤵Ļᣬϡ
ҶЦ΢Ц˵׿һκ˴˽
׹ӵЦЦϿĵƣҪ೤ʱܹõóأȴһ⣬ǸΪؼΪ⡣
˵ײף˵ҲδؾԽҶЦӦһ֮ڵгɡǲĻ˾ŸҲδܡ
ȫ⡣˵ɾгҩƷݣڣҾܴ룡
Ȼǲһȴǡֻһö񵤵ҩġҶЦЦһȻʮɰտԽ֮ƳȴδһξƼɵƼĶ񵤣ֻǷϵڹӶԣû壬ʵ˵һ¯ģ׹ô
ȻʮֺãȻЦһȻǲŵģ൤Ƽ鵤ǰֻ㳢ԵĻᶼ㣬Ǵ˵еĶôƣܳΪ˵飬Ȼ׵ģҩĲ⣬Խвϵ̽գֻҪҿɹͺã
ֹǳɹһ֮һҪ񵤡׹ֻܸʮµʱ䡣ʱٳˣԼָܻˡǶ񵤣Ҳˡ
һ˵飬ҶЦͷһ߾ȫġǵʱòƸ¥ҪαΣⲻһĶʱ⣬ڹ˫֮ʵû壡
׹ӳĬĵͷʾͬҶЦ˵
һε˫ֻ˵һνף׹ʵ޵ĵִ
һ˺
һֱвȣջ΢о
ָоð׹кǲˬ
ԵΣǷԱȸԾַĵĻȴв̶Ȼ
Դ䣬ҵ飬ҲǱ仯˲١׳ƺҪһϲãоǲ


295 ˣ
֮ĺҲڡ֧һ鱦󣬶ȹŵΣ˶ѡ׹䵭˵飬ȫڴ˷Χ֮ڣ¼֮ҸĴ۱ʮ㡣
ҶЦȻǵȻҵҪҲֻ˶ѣҷ֮軹ûƷֵزвҸиԵĿ꣬䣬ҪƸ꣬㸲£ȴҪɽ̣̩񰲣ϣҸƾ¾ˡ
׹ӵЦЦûٿ˵
ʱսɱΪʤܣҶЦŰ׹ӣһֵʵϣûʲôޣеֻĿ겻ͬ죡ǡ
׹Ӷ仰˼˺þãֹ֮󣬲ڵһƣ

ҶЦһŷ߳һ˲ʵĹעͬʱ۽ϡ
˿̵ķЦ⣬һɴݲȣƺûзκ顣ͺֻȥһѷ˵˼仰һ衣
ô򵥵ĳˡ
ûκˣܹϿ˿
ȻĲ
긲¥İô׽ȥô򵥵ĳģ
Ҷڲ²⣬λ䷿ƶ֮˵һЩʲôôʱ䣬ʼôƽˡ
һֱڣҲ֪ⷿֻƶ֮һ߶һ߶Ѿ̫㹻ˣͲ֪λƸ¥ˣ˥İ׹ӣȻҲ
ֻҶЦԼ֪Լһ˽ȥʲôζʲô
Уǳ˶ôѹ
ÿһʱÿһ̣ڿƽ޲̸Уɱ֮
һէƽƽ˴˺ǰͣҲãҶЦԼ֪еգԼΪ֮УһΣգǾĶǣȻȻ뿪ͷ£
Ϊڸղŵ̸УҶЦطһ£һԶԶҶЦ޵顣
ǾǣԼǰЦ۷ʱڣ׹ӵʱ򣬿¡Ҳǲһ
ϵİ׹ӡ
޸֮İ׹ӣ
ĶţȾ˫ò㵽㣬ᱻͬʱΪˡҲԱŮͬʱΪİ׹ӡ
ȻģһôµĴڣ
Ȼ֮ȴ˷ܣ
䣬ˡôһ֣
һֻ»ȤȤ
һ߶˴ϵεĶ֣ȷ⺮½Ľս֮УȻǶ˶ʣɸһӣ
ҶЦϴųݵЦݣ¥ݡ
ѯĿʱӣҶЦһġ
ҵ谡ֵһƨ棬ǰľԼƵĸľӣһ˲زͻޱѹ˲ʱ֧飬ǿסˣȻסˣλôһΣȴ򶥲סˣһ˲֮ѹò˲ȴۼΣһᵽɤ۵ģڳ䶨һɣľҲɢİϣӹˣ֧Ĳҵ³
һߣͬעҶЦʩʩȻ߹ӰӰ֮еҲ˹⡣
ӡ
Ȼӡ
ԺΣ赭дķΧУǰ󲻹֮ѾȫڷƵ֮УһΣΣΣв֮С
Ҫκ֪е׷ʲôֳʲôȴֻµ˰ģ飬Ѿ
쵼ߣʵǸߵˣ
һ죬Ҳܹǡ
վţǹһıֱ
еԾ⣬֮
Ϊ֪ԷƸ¥ǺεȾ޴ѹ
ȥˣˣˣԲȥ
֮ǧܹߣҲֻһ˶ѣ
ǰˣ
ҶЦʩʩȻ߹ȥˣ޼ڵķ
ɵǣʵһλ̫ӣλӣҲǸ
ڳУ֮ɺ˷ѽ⣡
Ϊڳ֮Уݶۣʵ۹һ˵Ȼ֮жλڳֵʵȨܣֻĩȫڶ֮УΨеֳǵĴڣ
λ鱦ľͥŲһʱ䣬ߵһ˵Ȳ֪λ䶯½ľҪ˭ģλڣĪĸоһ֣̿Ȼ֮飬Ա
ҶЦ߹Ǿߵǰ
ʱ䲻λ֮ǰѾǶ˼־뺷ζԭǶԶۣȻҲԵĸơ
˿ҶЦ߹г˲⡣
λ鱦ľΪλͻȻԼԼ˿˵زʶûйκν


296 ;鵤
ݰ٣֪к£仰ʵļΪСģȴǾֹõίʵھʵ
ҪӰﱾһСæҶЦЩҪת󽫾
˵ţʲôأ
ҶЦһ֣гֻƿ
ÿһֻƿ棬ӯƶСĵҩ
ٷǼһĻˣĿ⾡ƿ鵤ҲƶЩˡ
鱦󡢾ͳ鵤ͬСɣ
ǲ֪ǲǵأ
ֻתһ룬Ǹǳ룬˵ΣĿĴ¹ÿֻƿߵĵҩҲһٶţȫǵ񵤣Խ½ˣ
ǰʱƳС⡭鵤ҶЦˣÿһƿУٿţʹʱֻ轫һŵҩһ뽫ˮɹʹãơ֮ڣˣԿȬ
ԡһվ۵壬٣˻棿
ڳ仰ˣҲһͨ죬۷⣡
ĵҩȻô࣡
һſɹãһƿٿţƿ
˵ǧߣҲ๻ˣ
ר˵Ľ鵤ս˵Ǿҩ
ƿҩԭӦ˲εľˣռָܹ
ܹ
ܹս
νױȣ
񵤴˼ʱôˡô׷䱦սϵľ˵ȴԶԶƿҩмֵ
Ϊ⼸ƿҩǴԼֵ
˵һ˫ֶĽƿ鵤УͬԼﲻ˵ллˡ
ҶЦ΢Цһ£ļ
ҩԼҶЦݸˣôƱҪǷԼһ顣ңֵܣҶЦҲӡ
Թծѻծ
Ȼ鱦֮ͳȥȴֲͬˡ
ΪǾȴ֮衣
ǲͬġ
ʱϹֻôࡣҶЦ΢Ц˵ҲõĲˣΪ󽫾һ˻ġ취
˸ȥʲô˵ôĺöȻҪǴ۵أ
ȵȣǸ֮ղ˵ʲôˣ
ǡǡǰǾ䡪ġ취
ѵ˵ôֱʾȻ꣬У
ⷬģЩˡɢ޻õ㣬ǱϾմȾ˼ȻЩһۣ֮һذȴⷬУ֮
֮裬鱦󣬶Գʵ۹󽫾мøУĳϵ£ƣҶ󽫾֣鱦Ϊԣ
ⷬڱвȣڽ֮ǰֻ˵ڷ֮뷭Ƹ¥֮ǰҲ൱Чڳ˶ԣûж壬ڴʱ˿̣ȴãлᣬǷҪ󽫾ʾһ⣬һ鱦󡢾ӣ
˴˿Ȼж˵
ʱõҶЦͳ鵤һɨ֮ǰήңʼܷϣʼѧǿ壬ҲԼ̺ţ׼һˡ
˭Ҳ벻һȻǸ̵Ĳϣǰ󲻹̶ʱ䣬µ̺žǴɫԴҲҵ鱦μĵ֮ڣǮ仹ԼǮôôȫ˶û⣡
ӶԼݳɾͺЩմմϲ˼ԺУƿ鵤ʱ˲ͱѹ
Ϊ׬ġ֡ƸĪ˵ǵ񵤣ôƿ鵤
λȴ۾գһµƿͳȥ⻹ֻһʼ½
λӼ״۾ﶼð̹⣬׷λѡ
Ȼ󽫾˺øУҲͬǶԳʵ۹൱ĺøУԼΪʵ۹ĻӣȻҲڶԷѺùע֮аɣ
ҶЦϹȻ񣬲Ӧ˼䣬ĵȴΨЦ
ʡЩҩǾֻЩأи࡭ȻʱȴһͻͯȻȻȴЩζ
ܡгҶЦѭȥֻһСһҲͰ˾ͣ÷ཱུģΪɰСкԲĴ۾
ţҩЩʱûˡСһ˭ҶЦʵ
ǳ־СһͷľЩҩܶˣǶ汱滹ôľأͬúܿడΪʲôҲ׼أ
һһ˵ɵۣ


297 ӳ־
ȥɶ⣬ʲô˵˼Ҹҩ飬Ǳ֣˺öôֱʣôˣ
ʷ˵ʵڵģʵǷǵ˵
ҶЦҲ㶣Щ졣
ǰӣȻ᳽δλߣڷ֮ԣûκεĽֻǣ˿˷֮ĴֱʣΪ֮Գʵ۹мĺøУȻҲԳʵ۹δʵҲøмŴȻǲиͼ£ȴսȫȻĮģսûҩʲôӲᡣ
ûκϣλСӣʳ仰
ոճͱʵ۱޶һСӣ
ȻʻʵúûˮƽӺû
ҩʱҪ൱ҩģʱǿ϶ûˡҶЦͷĪһ˳ƲһЩζ˵߿Ըһ£ֳܷܲһЩսҰѵҩôɣҶû
־ӹ˹ģȴҡҡͷǻˣЩҩԼ߿Ըдһս۵ʤܣǷֱˣ뱭ˮнľ棬Чͬĵֱ˵ҩҲ𵽴á
ҶЦСļЩˣֵҪô˵ҩô
־һ㶣תתţڵ״δҪôʥҩȻʧġˡ
ҶЦĵװ֮࣬ȴֹʵʲôˣǰԲأ
λӺ޼ɴ˼඼ĿȻǺЩףλ鱦ľΪζʮС˸ȤʣһĴ
־ȻгʻݣȴóĻӣʵҲĪ˵ǳ־̫ӣǳʻʵ۱˾٣Է֮鱦ݣҲδҪӣ
С־ȻûʶЩĶ۾﷢Ź⣬˵ʵ۹ȻԵУֹۣԴĪ֮ȴֳһβɴߵ״֮УͨϵĽȫ壻Ȼÿһȴڷ֮սɵз൱ʵĸ֣ǿͻƵϣ͵ϮذһʿȻˣиֵȴǴˡ
мڴˣλͳ˧פأȻ˷֮ӣ£ȴǲ׳ϾһһֵĻսֽһʰ
ȻƷҩ֮󽫾ֻͨþиֻһʱ佫˸ֵκãƾԼеصϽɽүĴȴԳûأת棬һȻ۹ΣִŤת
Сһ漴ֻȻһ˵ѹҩҪתָ󽫾ǸϽĻүԭҪְ취ѻү󽫾һ˳ˣפ̫˷ѱˡ
Сһһͣ˾Ȼ
벻λ鱦ľֻͳƿҩﾹôĵ
ʱһߵ޼ɲڵСǷ֪Ϊβɴ˵أ
С־۾룬˵ʼղǳˣЩ飬Ҫӵģ⣬˻ǻġ
޼Ŀһ˵мء
漴ּһ䣺ܺúܺá
ҶЦԳ־Ҳٶ࿴һۣСӵĴϻۣȻǴԼԤ֮ġ

ʱѾеڣ˰Ȼ׶Σ񵤵ԪѾȫûˣһţֱĳǧĸ߼ۡ
ĵҩҲѾ˲һ롣͵ĳɽ۸Ҳﵽһڣ
Ȼĵҩ඼ǵ񵤣ҩЧҲҪԪ֮ϣΪһڵĳɽ۸Ǻţף
ֱӾʷţ߶˵һ᣻Թƣⳡ֮ĳĽֻҪһ֮У½ɽܺͻҪߡ
ԶԶǸ֡
ͬ·𱬵ʢλֶŰ֮˵ɫ˿Ѿ÷·ܵγˮ
ѾȷһˣԶ׼鱦ûдκεĺô
ǰвȫûãôɵ㶵ĴţҪˣ
мڴˣ׼ˡ
ô˵ЩҩԼǱҪûȥһġ
鱦ԼϣˣҲǷ㲻ɵã
ȻҲǳ/ӣҼš
ߣ
ʱΨһһûв롢׼ʼվŵһŷ֮СԴλȥ֮һֱİ׹ͻأؿ˵ˡ
㿴ô
һ㶣漴ף֮裿һˡ
׹Цˣֻ


298 Ǯ̫
ͷȻֹôˣһ㶼ܿ¡а֮裬һµˣôĳȣˣȻɾ͡
׹ӻͷܸоҵĵŨǻ˵֡
һЦְǱӦõģûֵŲġϾҪ߸ģڵĹңػػļҹԹûе⣬ǲŸرע⡣
Ǽį̫ˣѵһ׹ӵЦЦܹ֮ҽ֮һԴǽǶô˷ܵ顣
̾˿һֱ֣Ѿ̫̫ûлˡ
֮Ȼ˲ųڣ䷲סʸùӳ֣ҺӦһ¡ǸʱٳҲ٣Ͼ̫ӦĶ֣ԳҲԾˡ
׹΢Цͷ
ΪȻҵıĲȻŵɣɵ飬ҪƲܴκεۿۡ
׹ӳ˵սϣȻ伫ֻҪǴӦ飬ǵѣһҪ
ͷȻס
ϲޣձʵ֮ϲ߱ζţӵ˫ȣڲ֮Ҫָжˣ˵һϲ£
ֻǣһ޻ʱͻˮƻ£һ٣һʹ
˿̣ɨ˵¶ˡ
ĸ˵ʱ򣬾һ˵ϴ赤ڳۣһǧ־ڱصã
漴һƬž֮С
˴㵵ԴߣҲв˾ʹ˵ͷٶ
һŵƼϴ赤ǰֵУͳɽ۸񣬶Ѿﵽڣ
ļҲǴһǧĵģ
ھȻֱӿڽмһǧ
һ˿һûǼۣɴļۺۣ
۸ˣ
һװ׵ˣڣһǧ־ڱصã
Ǳ̨Զ׼ڵˣǾҪһǧ˭Ҿͼסˡ
ȫΣࡢ㡢в
ԼոɢȥɱҲٶۡ
˶תͷȥҶЦȻڵʾ£Ҫô
ҶЦﰲվţǺЦȫȻûж˼
̨ϵĹɽ󹩷Ҳһˣһʱ侹Ȼ֪Ӧԡκž˵ڳһǧ򣬵һΣûҪӼ۵ģƼϴ赤ûгһǧģ
仰˵ղŵ緢˺ɴྶͥ
Ϊɽʶϴ赤ܾܿҪһǧĳв˸վԡ
ӣôҲҪģϾǺ½һš
ֵڵĶֻһǧȥˣֻԭʼļۣϡӳɽδҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ۿ˳¶΢ЦͬǵҪǾַʽĿģͬջ
ºҪˣ
ǸʦҲһҪߣҪߣ鱦ˣһŹǽܽʢǰΣǵòĵ񵤣ǵȴȫǵģҪ˶֪ڣµһã½Ҳ治ȥ
һǧڶΡ˿̹ɽƣֱ̬ӵһ㣬
һŷ֮С
ɫ˼Ѿࡣ
˵ʱͻȻڵ仰ȻȻвˡ鱦ո뷭Ƹ¥ɺЭʱ򣬱ôв
ɲǵɨ˵⡣
оԼողŶЦݵϣʱһ⣬ġ
Ȼɣ̫ɶɣ
һʱ
ȻǴɷģҲҪ˸Σ
׹ҲһڣδЩ̫ʶȤˣ鱦֮谲Ȼҵİ߳ȥ㲻ҵѣнˣȻôڰҵӣ
һǧΡɽ˶޿κεľҪȥٽԸ˵ڵ֡ɽ
һŷһöȴ˳һǧҪߵƼϴ赤
һ㵣ƾʵǿ鱦鵤㷭Ƹ¥ʲô£
ֻƶ֮ڴصǮ̫µˣǷƸ¥ۣڣڻҪӼ۶٣ǲ־ڱصô뾺ۣ


299 ۣУ
ӣڳٶѻȸļȻ֮С
ںһһס
Ƹ¥в֮⣬ǱԼҪԣҪȫΡ
Ǹɴֱӵڵ֣
ղڵͷѹˣھ÷Ƹ¥ѹ㣡
㲻־ڱصôӭӼ۾ģ
ô
Ž۱أѭӦˬ
ڵ֮⣬˾оһԵˬ
ǲڣǵ
ң˳ˣڣҲʵʵġ
û˵һԷƸ¥Ī⣬ǿ൱ز֯ҲֻѡװƣǿӲȥƱγɲҪĻ𲢣òʧ
һߣǳŵ򴺲˵ЦãڲǺţôڳưͿ˰ɣ
ۿڵϨˣɽһ񣬵ϴ赤ڵһΣڵڶΡ
˵
һȣһҪʲô
ֻ˵ڵģװưͲˣǸղŲǺڰ־ڱصôôһۣǾưˣνŵĿڳô
һα˵㵽ͷϡ
ȷʵغڵٲ϶ǲеģټװƣǰأصţҲøصĴۣ
϶˴첼Ŀ⣬޲굽ӵȥ
Ҳ޲죺û˵Ƹ¥鱦ʲô鰡
ôô鱦󣿼ֱǲ
УֻйŹְ
оǣλƶ֮񾲾أȻڵȴǻػ
λվһĺɫ΢ЦȻĺϴ赤ȻģھۣԵһ
Ϊ˭Ҫô˵ǲҪǵãֻԼôһ仰˻ΪҲȡʲôʵֶΣԷƸ¥űˣǵȶҿɲܵҲе𣬱¥׹
仰ʵѾˣָԷƿ֮ͬʱԼ£Ͳȣ߰ݡ
˰ҧȴǲˣЦˡ¼䣬˭﷭Ƹ¥ңļǮܹǵƼϴ赤ļֵǿϴ赤á
أʵǰȻ˵ҳļǮܹղļһǧģô£ѵڵǮرֵǮһǧֵڣ
ڵ˼˶Ƥ
ǶզˣǶѾôˣػôץסǾͲˣ
ǿûеѾ
ȴٰ֪֮ǰô˵ĻƸ¥ĲܣֵÿЦδزܣһǧļ۸񽫵ҩߡ
ϾƸ¥һγ̶ŹүɢɢĵģѹûҪʲô
ȴǽȻͬˡ
֮¥ĳΪʲô£ƷıԵ׼һǧļ۸ˣôղ˫ȷĺϵ񲻾ͳ˷ƨ
ǰ׹ӣŷƸ¥ˣŸոսɵĺ飬Լǰ۸
һǧʣڵ˶û˵
ʱѾ˵κλˡ
ֻҪ˵͵ͬ׵˷Ƹ¥
ǲ˵ãȴԾɲŹǣĹǼ۸ߵãبŲ䣬ڸղƶŵҩ־ڱصãҲһۣǾͲˣѹ۸ǣҿɲܱǸϽҳۣ
仰ѩλҶڵ鷳ˣ
Ȼǳ۲УȴУ
ڿεҪˡ
Ǹղѹ˼Ҫһǧͼǿ
ڱӦˡ˼ѹǿ
ôӦԡ
ƣ̾˿˵Ȼô˵ˣȻǲ÷Ƹ¥˿ˣȻˣǳڣ
ҲĽɫ
ֱӰѾļ۴ڣһӶڡ
װ˵ˣ㾺ۣΪǵƨֺǡҪȻǲۣǰ˰ѣ
仰ףȴͬһܡ
Ϊ½һĳţʲôʱܹί
˴ҪȥЦ˵⾺ۡ
ôĶɡ㡱ˣ
Ҳܵ˷Ƹ¥İĵײɵ÷һԵľ㤣̫ţˣȻһ仰ѹͷ


300 ҿң
ֻλƶ֮ҲӦˡϾ˼ڸôһӣɱ˲ͷأͷûأȴҲزˣ
Ȼ
̬ķչٴγ˵֮⣬ֻ˵˶û뵽ǡ
Ȼưոݡ
֮߳˵Ȼ־ڱصãֱôǷƸ¥ʮڣǳ٣Ȼ־ڱصãʹ˰ɣ
ѾŽа壬ɴˡ
һƬȻ
벻Ȼ仯ֵز
죬ȻѾɵˣ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ɱ˲ͷأҶѾô˵ˣѾǽĽŵ¹̤ˣ㾹Ȼưոôһ֣
ôĽʲôأ
ǡ֪ԼˣΪⲻǣԼȥ˵飬ֻҪͳɡ
ȴ鶼飬һ䣺飡ҵ֣ǣȻ飬͵мȥĸϽҼȥ
УҲӦ
߰λζͣһкüҪһǵҪʲôʵ̫۸˻ô۸ʵǿ۸ûôôʹЩ
仰ת˺üȦڻûе˵
ԥŵ˵ҿ־ڱصãϴ赤ǲپˡ߾ǡ
仰˶Ϊеѹ
仰ʾѾȥ˼£
Ҳûб̬͵ˣ㷭Ƹ¥εţơ˿Ҳ̧̧˰ɣ
Ȼһŷ֮УǿӲ˵˵ʲôʲôҲ־ڱصãʲô㲻ˣ־ڱصãԲøң˵ѹˣ˵ǷƸ¥ѹˣҲǫãҶ־ڱصãǱ۸ߵãҼۣ㲻ۣǿң
˲ʱѻȸҼȻ
˸ȥѹ˶ˣνߵڰףǷҲͲ˰ɣ
ǲĵļư
ڵȥһس飡û꣡ƵĻų飡
Ҫ̲סǺҾ͹ȥŪ㣡
ҪǲǺҲУۣҳˣųɣų
ز˶װ׵֪λҪʲôټֵڵĶˣҪһǧߣƫƫͲˣҾ͸㣡㲻ҪռôƫƫԳǮĺüߣ
Ǻȷվ鱦һߡ
Ϊ鱦ˡ
ɱֺˣĵظоˬòˣ
ͬǴͻȻһɿڵı顣
ͷһֱ˽ġ
̫ˬˣ
ֱǲˬˣ
һ굽ͷһֱȻҲѵõ¶ЦݣȻֻһţô˾¶ЦǿҶЦ飡
ţƣѹǣһֻҪռˣߣռռɵ˰ɣӽ˲˰ɣ
Уڵ߼һѪʹ˳
ظܵһֳ˴ĸо
Ҫһ䣺Ҫˣôΰɣ
ȴĪ⣬ʵĪ⡢ĪķƸ¥仰ܹڣ
ڣ˼ʺҲùԹԵĳԣ
Է֮󣬶뻹Ҫл˼ҵдҪ޺óԣ
ֻҪ˼һ⣬еĴССףҪ㵹ù
촽˵ˣǳʮڡ
˵仰˾ͬ˼ǣҰףƺһƾһٶꡣ
һ̲Ȼ˿ˣٲҪһ֮ͬᡣ
̫ˣ
ȻûڵĲֻ߻ңöٶ𣺡Ȼ־ڱصãȻǴŵֱʣֶôҲ־ڱصãʮںˣ
Ȳ˵Σǳе˶һҪѪĳ嶯㵽Ҫ۸ʲô̶Ȳſϰأ˼Ǳ߶ѾͶصĹѽ
λڵߣ֮УҲǾءԳĸ߼
ʱ˿̣ȴǱ˳㡢ص衣
һƺߣסһѪ˵ҳʮڣǮܿ˰ɣ
ͣһ£˵ҼҹүԣȻѾˣǾ͸ҪﵽײźáѾˡٶһЩҲûйϵ
߼ȡ֮˵±ȴǲϵġѺãղһʱᡭ


301 ǲ
ԷѾ׹ӣֻҪԼٶһϻ̬ҪŸءֲķչˣ
ȻԼûϵģԼѾòˣѵһ򻹹˲ɣ
ƺ⶯ˣ˵ʮڣȻ־ڱصãòôǮģôǮҲƲһϴ赤ǰƴ֣ʼȻ־ڱصãҲֻͽҷˡӮˡ
ۣ
ˣλҲ̲סһѪ˳Ѫ֮࣬أԺŴ

λݣ
νžţһλǴһǴٴ򣬴һһ飬ٽŴ򰡣
ֶΣǿѹ˼ңԭҲֵҵһϴ赤Ӳ˼ʮڵļ۸
໨˲ʮԩǮھȻҪ䳰ȷһԲѹȣòֵ̬ܺ
е㣬̫ɶ˰ɣ
εҳһĸо֮⣬ȴг졣
ϾЩУں½һҶ󣬸ţûûܹģǸŭԡ
ѵĿ֮£ôһƿҪһţȫȻҷ
νǴģ
˵ɣ
ֻгĽϼȴǰٸн
ҲҲ񵤣ԼҵõֶΣҪǿߵ񵤣֮Ǳ裬۵һٶ˶
񣬻ͬڻֶͬΣȻͬ˷Ƹ¥˳
ֻһλƶ֮
ܵ裬ȴҪһĽϼ˸
Σͬͬڣͬ¡
Ľϼֻоһֻð˳ѵ鱦뷭Ƹ¥һ壿˵ǷƸ¥ģ
ҪȻ˴ɣζ˷Ƹ¥ɺϣҲûôɵİɣ
ڳһϢͨ͸ˣĽϼܹ뵽飬ô벻
ڣÿ˵ͬʣ鱦󣬾ǷƸ¥ƻ
ôһ룬ʱÿ˶㷡
˵Ҳδ̫ϾɱˡѪȻ˵ڣɴûеƸ¥
仰һζȫ
Ϊʲô÷Ƹ¥ԣ
Ҳֱ˶䣬ҪƸ¥ô˵ǳأǷϣ
Ƿϣô⵽ôһ£
վٶһ䳡֮У
ڴʱƸ¥һŷ֮УһƵĴ˵۾ʮһϴ赤ӻûмֵʮڵϴ赤ңҲ۽硣
һӵ
Ȼһڳ˵Уǡˡһݺݵһ£
ɲǼ䣬Լĺоˡ
ӣ

Ҷƶ֮ôƺģƺֻС
⡭
һֻ̣ƶ֮񹧾˵ǣūȥȡ
һū澣
⡭˵˾ǡˣ
Ȼÿһ˶˳˭ȴûһ˸˵ڡ
ֲãֲýƶ֮һ˵Ը񣬱ǿӲԭΪǸҲ
ѹˣ
ȻҲҪ˵ɳһϣ֮ͬгϻи߲ȫվţֻҪ˵˻ǾǾԵȨ
Բа˷ԣ
ڵ߻Ҫ𾴰ٱǧ
˵Ŀ⣬ͬζעڵİᡣ
棬ڸɴصĺûˣֻһƬž
ֻƶ֮ȵûô䶼ôүҪһֵʮڵϴ赤ϽҼҹô
һһ㶣򣬾ǼһѪ
Ƹ¥£Ȼǲ˼¡
ǿѹ˼ҽ۸㲻ҲУ۵˻У۸̧ʮڡǿ˼
ѾǰҪ˼ҵļƣ
Ȼ⻹꣬˼֮󣬾ֻΪһ仰Ȼ˼ҽʮڲ򵽵Ķȥ
Զ׼Ҫ׻ʮڣ
ˮƯ㣬Ϊˮû
Ѿǵ̫ˣֱӾǸϾɱˣ
˼˵ҪϾɱˣôأ
£˭׹ӵĻ
ģԼԼڣֱӾ˼ˣ


302 侮ʯ
ڵͬעĿŰߣо֮⡣
˵˵㣬һ·ѾˣίҲѾԵͷˣۿžҪʲô鶼ûˣ͹ȥˡƫƫҪ˵һ仰ݱ䵽˸µĵز
Ȼƾ˵Ǿ仰ҲǶ֣ʼǱ¶˷ŭ
ַŭ˭Уƫƫƶ֮հһһٲʮŲˣͷˣѵȱһô
ǵԼԼҲڣӿɵˣƶ֮ǲˣȴ˰׹ӡƶֲ֮һǧһ򱶵İ׹Գˡ
һ棬ǽڵݺݵļ̤˽ŵף
˿أ
ʮڣһϴ赤ϴ赤ǵ񵤣ԾһЦ
ڣʮѾˣȴһϴ赤Ҳס
񲻾ͳЦ֮еĸЦ
ʮڣһֲƸͷֻ˸
׹˵Ҫ˭Ҳ
ڼңҶõӽ֮ƱΪ½Цɨأ
ǰһҵվس̾һˣˡ
ȻѾע˶ˣôٶһЩȻȥȴΣ
̬ǿɸոջʮڲ򵽵ĵϴ赤ȥ
һֱߵһŷ֮⣬˵ϴ赤ˣա
ɣʲôϡ⣬ҪԽô
ƶ֮ĮõζԱ
ҧҧСĵķƿվͻȻʵȻѾ˴˵ȵزĵһ²⣬ǧ󡣡
ƶ֮ٶ𣺡ʲô£
ڵɫϣͼֹ߲ǵȴȫȻ֮ߵ˵ֻ֪쾿ʲôط˰׹ӣֻǺδ˷Ƹ¥ڶ˵Ĳ棿
һЦ
˵㻨ʮڣֵڵĶ;öˣôղŴһǧȥ˼ֵڵĶʱ򣬱˵棬ȴֱ˺δ
Ծһ㶣ȻΣŻȻһѪֳ嵽ߡ
仰һҪĳ嶯
һеһУȻΪ
ֻΪ
һǧ򣬲һ׼ۣǿ񵤣νǿȡᣬĪڴˣʮĲۣԭĴͬø߳ʮļǮ򣬵ʱֹһϴ赤ļֵͲǽʮڣǡʮڣڣˣ
ӻ˻Σҧ˵ˣȴв׵ĵطƸ¥鱦󣬵ʲôϵ
仰һ˾ֱ˶䡣
һΪؼش⡣鱦뷭Ƹ¥µһ֧ô̬ȿҪˡ
ûκιϵ׹ӵƴ
Ȼ׹֪ǳз֮飬֮䣬鱦˵Ϊչˣô˵ȥȴǲɵģƸ¥Ϊ鱦󣬷֮ޡ
ӽ֮٣ֻǿ۸ˣ˶ѡᣬǱȽĵطǱĵط
챾֣ҲΪ鱦鷳׹ǺЦЦڿԺ鱦鷳һģǲǣģӾָԤ
׹ӵ֮УŵɭȻ
ҡλɫͷ˻ȥ
Ժ鱦鷳
а׹仰˭ң鱦鷳͵ͬҰ׹ӵ鷳Ͼ鷳ǰ׹ǳġ
ѵԹۣ
ô
˵ʲôָԤƭذɣ
һָԤ½֪ôģ
־ˣԳ죬ҪֻҪһ񣬾ͻæ
ɵô
ڰ߲߻ȥıӰį
Ƿݺۺ޵޻ȴƫƫ㶼ұ¶ıߣ˶ܸоõ
ԷƸ¥Ȼȴκΰ취ֻĬĬš
һ䳡滰Ҳ˵
确ڣɽתˮת֮Ļǲ˵ǲ˵
ǳ󳬼ŹȻмǧ꣬ۻ룬⼸ǧ֮ȴɲִͬƣƸ¥İ׹ӵĴ˵ȴǴӼǧ֮ǰһֱڡ
ƶ֮֮㣬Ҳͬһʱڵ
ʣ겻֣һ겻˭ܹг𱨳ԹԹĻ᣿
ѾĳһαȻûףҲˣ
Աߵǳţûг֣Ѿб
Ҳκһ
ھõǰ֮
ңٸߵ³Իڸң˽ѵˣ㻹صޣ֪һȣ
мڴˣǳŵǼ˸ɴ˲ӣһƨҲҷˡ
ȻڴʱһƵȻ𣺡ŹȻǺ磬ɷʢǿ۽磡
תͷѭȥ
ƽĹάʱ˵ȴǱ񶾵ķ̻Ҫ֣Ӷ
ŭĿȥ˰׹ӡƶ֮񣬷Ƹ¥ǲ𣬻˭ڴǵùͷԷǳŵˣҲҪŪǣ
ȴ鱦ķ˼˫ֱأ䵭صǡĿУ˳
侮ʯΪࡢ㡢ĺΣ


303 Ҫ͵
֮裬㲻Ҫ̫һѵٻԼȴʲô
ҶЦƲƲ죬Ȼǲʲôģ벢ûҵѹˣû뵽Ҫǿȡᣬռû
˷ŭ˵֮Ǻռıˣʱ侮ʯǾ֮
ҶЦЦ֮ھվ֮µôֻڴ֮ǰѹ鱦ʱƺûн֮ɣôһ㶼ûأ˵ڿƸ¥ǲˣͿʼ֮Ҫ˶һ𽲾֮
˵ڣ֪ʲôǾ֮ô
仰ʱڳĵһʹ죡
ЩƸ¥Ǳδһֱţںǳ󳬼Űѳ£˳߲
ʲô֮
ߵĿͷǣԵʵǾԵĵ
ʱ˿̣ԼҲ飡
Ϊ߲߲Ҳ˺ĳ
ܲġ
ѵ߷ע֮£ҶЦƵ˵ԵʵǾԵĵ
仰ڵ
˿̵ĴҶЦ˵ڼ˾𶯣Ѫӿ
ۣ
λһ³һѪֽȵߣ
ȴһҲȥˡ
鱦󣬼ֱڵ֮أ
վҪߡ
ڴʱһŷ׹ӵƴѽôôСģúõһŵҩؾ͵ڵˡңҵô
ֻƶ֮˵֪ȥˣҲˡ
׹˵ѽǿô찡ǳɽ۸ʮڵ鵤ѵҪ⳥ʮô
꣬ƺ᲻ЩǮôһǮô𣿡
˶²ۣҲŲὫҩءӲţôСĿռ˵ҩȻҲˡ
һε׾ӵĽڡ
ߣͽһڶѣ޹
Ȼ֪ں׾ӣܻĵȴûκһ˸վ˵һ乫ֻء
˵ʲô
ǰ׹ӸɴཫЩһԵȫɱˡ
ǲǺ˵⡣
·ǻӦ˵ֻƶ֮˵СºùӷϣһŵҩЩ˶Ҳ֪ҩʲôӣȻһŸҲˣһῴǳȥģҩ޶֤
׹ӵòƺܳɣ⡭ðɣ
ƶ֮˵˭Ǵ˹ӵ£ѵóһɢɢģȴ˰ƻˣǹӴдһʶ¼䣬ֻҪһ仰ʲôڣҲûˣǵ֮أŪǵҩǸء
׹˵ѾͷҸղ˵Ĳ˼ǡҵ֣ȻҴ࡭Ӿְࡣ
棬ٶһҪѪĳ嶯
ˣôҪܣ
ƶ֮𶯺½ǧľﰡô⣬Ҳ̫ƻжԳ˰ɣ
˵ˣȻûģ˵ǴӵѰģʱҴ˸Ҳˡ˵ˣڵδؾϵʲô࣬ʲôǵҩŪǣáǡ֡
һȺ˿񷭰ۣͶ˽˼ڵ˺εɵƣȻϵ͵ҩô˵˼ҲǴ˼ǧĴɺòã
׹Ȼͬеĵͷ⻰˵еҪ͵һЩ²Ҫ̫ñ¶ҵݣԼˡ
ǣӡǿЦ
ͬʱ
Ѿ¸췭ظѾڳ׵׵û棬ֱߵȥˣȻ˵ʲô͵Ūء
˴˿ѾߵſλãһһζԻʱ˶̣ǰһڣ͵˹ȥ
ǰ߻Ȼͷ촽ĵһŷѣƺҪ˵ʲô
ͱס죬˳ȥ
ʱ򣬻˵ʲôٶ˵һ仰ɱ֮ҲֹǼ˵ڵĴ
һŷ֮С
׹ӵ˵ͷͷһܲӰô
ƶ֮˵Ҫū׷ȥһ䣿ǲڷĲķڲĿڶ
׹˵ˣǵݣα֮ͽƽϣ߰ɡ˵þͻһˡ
ЦĲڽӿ϶úϡ
׹Ц


304 ֶΣ
ȴסֻš
ȴҲ׷̲ס²ۡ
ղ˵ڽӿ϶úϡ仰ʱǹ˵
˲Խȥ𡯣ô𣿶ˣ졯ǲѪĺ죻𡯣ǲǴĻءڡϡ֪ڣ˵˶ɱˣſġϡأ
ˡ
ֳĳɣֻʣǳš
ǳŴ֮˵򴺴˿ͷһ仰Ҳ˵һ㶯ҲŪ
һʼʱ򣬿ƶ֮ڵˣ򴺻ʮˬġ
ͦˬģ
ŵ϶Լǰô裬ֻоԼͷĵĻ˷ܣֱԼڵˣ
ԽԽǼңԽԽţԽԽأ׹ӳǻᣬĵĻ˷ѵȻ޴棬ֻʣͷ亹޾Ȼ
Ҫ֪зѹ鱦ģɲֻڶѡ
Լǳš
ʱţ鱦󲻹һ̻֯еǮ۸ˣôԽǮԽãջǸô
֪鱦Ȼһ鳬壡
һպ˵֡
˼ұĿɽֱӾСһû顪Ӳˣ
ƫƫԼڵ˾ôһȥ
ǵѪùˡ
ڵȻ裬ϾѾˣٽǲˡ
ô׹ӵĿ꣬͵ȫ䵽ʣµǸϡ
һĿ˭أ
ǡԼ
һ뵽ͷ亹̻̲ա
аţҵûʲôССһ¶ѣû˵ǽ죬ҿһ۶ûкء׹˴ͷŹ˰ɡϾҲˣɱӺЧҲﵽˡ
һʵʵء
Ըֻ
£ôԸΥ
ֻ׹ӵ˵󳬼ɣƺˣڵѾˣһʲôɣ֪ô
ˡ
һ̣
վǶ㲻
仰ھһĻĿʼ
ƶ֮ԼشˣôԼûлˡ
򴺼æǳ򴺰ݼ׹ӡ
׹ӡŶһζ˵ǳŰֲõʮ㡣
ͷϻƶ亹ʱ
δδڵϣЦ˵Цˣڹǰ֮˭˵Լе
׹òƺ˵ȻˣǾͺðһǺϲǰûˣҲ㹻ʵɣһˣôҲֶ飬ﻹһŵҩʮڳ֮ȥɡŵҩ㹻㽻ˡ
ĵ۾ӼҪĳۿˡ
Ҹղʲô
ҵĸģ
׹ӾȻҪԼʮڣȥĵҩ
ڵĻʮڣһȥһʮڣʲô
ȴ򴺸Цţá
û취˵ãҲ˵Ҫ˵һ䲻ãԼ³ܻڸң
Ŀ֮£Ըҵȫ͹ˣȻ֣вǮĵطȫһ飬Ȼ׽Ҳҷ֮ǴյǲʮڣȴֻúƤһɽʮڣŴʮʾ޿ȥһŷ
ϸǮţȻ˺һᣬ˽Ʊ˽ȥţݳһ裿
ţϴ赤أ򴺼״ɵˣľʳһ䡣
׹ﲻһŵҩô
Ǵթǿϴ赤ô
лţа׹ѹԼʮȥһϴ赤ȻﳬֵԹ㣬ٻ˵ءصţедʡ
׹ô죬㣬ôѡɡǾܾ
Ǹһˣ
ڣвͬڵˡϴ赤ʲôģȫľС
еģֻһ裡
߸Ͳǵҩ
ƶ֮û¶棬澶Իش˵ʲôϴ赤үʲôʱ˵Ҫϴ赤ˣ
ʱſڽࡣ
ķ𣬵ȴζҵġ
ʲô˵ԼʮڣһһǮȥ
ʲô˵
û
ɵ㶵վţɫװףһάȵӣƶ֮Ĵˣǵ治⣬ɽһҷϵ裿
ȻվΣڳ̾һˣϷˡ
ͷߡ
棬ŭ˵վס򴺣к߲кʲôطݵ˵˵߾ߣҺ˵㾹ҵӣ
仰ͻȻһ籼׳һһŷ쮶
ողתȥ򴺲ҽһһ䣡


305 䳡
˲ʱϱ⻹ģȴ˿ڴһƬƽȻ˿Ѫ
㡭ٱʣ˴ѵĵһŷ棬˻ȵ
ʲôлﲻɱ֮ϽȥĥʲôҲһôһŷ֮⣬Ϊ׵ĺ´ְЦŶ˵
üΣںݺݵͷƸ¥ȻµһĳסˣɽˮǽټʱȻлᣬ£
һѵùүģɢɢģ뱻ѪˡǻԴɡ
ԹŶϱۣͷߡ
ֱ˿̣вһذƮƮҡ¡
ղնȥһֱ۵ǵ⣬Ȼֻһ´
ٳţתͷҶЦһֵֶΣ򴺼סˣɽˮҺڡ
ҶЦüëգ㱻Ƹ¥˴ӣǲ˼ңҲˡҶ⣬Ҳ⣻㷴ȴҪҵ鷳ȴʲô˵Ⱑ
ҵЦЦͷףҲסƣ
ôţﳤȥ
ҶЦɻ׷ʲôҲףҲףʲô㵽֪֪Լ˵ʲôʲô˰˵ҲĵģϡͿ
ǳŸֽλնУȴûдȻ֪¾˵ʲôҲֻЦݺݵĶҶЦһۣųţȥ
ҶЦһĪ˵ô£Ź֡Ǳ۸ˣԹ֮飬ΪҪ鱦ǡ֣֮Ī֮¼Ȼôˡ
ʱΧһƬ𣺡ǰǰ̫ˡ
ʵжѾİ׹ӳǳźôң㻹װһ޹Ҫӣ˭ء
ɶҪƷ
ǣҪĶҡź޹
ӿģƫƫҪӣ˭˼ҿɽӲأ
۽䴦˳ͱʦͽס죬ƴסЦһĶۡ
˴˴ԵȻҲҪһЩ񵤻ȥһĿȴǡһ֮費ֵܵɵѹô¾ͻְæ
ɵв
ǳں½ǿĳţڱ¶ԣȴʵ㲻ʲôǣҲȷƸ¥ֻҪһЩ
ȻֻԱȽϣϾǳڱšǳšڣ
¶ǿɾûκˣư׹ӣǳš֪˽֮£ҲκζΪǺ½ĳţĳţ԰׹Ӷԣû
ϧῪʼ֮󣬱˾ͰѵһĿģµ񵤵Ĵ㣬һɶԭܵûǮ
һĺǴæû׼̫Ǯƣٿ񵤳ɽ۸֮ţʱϢˣ
ڣֻʣǸһĿġ
룬ȵǸڹۣ˲Ŵ֣δü֣ûüʱ򣬷֮ȻԼͽѿ֮Уֶθˣǧ򻯣Ư֮
鶼ȥˣλȻҪǱߴװ޹ƴĲȡͬ顪ûһ˵Ĺ
ֵ˶Ѿˡ
ỹֻһ롣
ȴѾǳ׵˳˳۾ˡ
зƸ¥İ׹˭ҷĵľģ
һҳ˼ۣ׹ͻȻ£һҳʮڣУ
Ҫ˸ıˣ
󳬼ŵӹ˼һʮڹȻۣȴδضˣֻ˽Ƕ㲻ϣ
۲ˣ˵ʮڣʮڰڶζҵ
˵ˣǮ𣬿ɲжٵǮֻҪ׹һ仰ǮͶǮңĶ뻹䲻
ʵǰ󳬼һʮڣһһҲʮڣһö衭
ǿʮڰ
һϵ֡
˵ͣɣǸͷٺã䲻ﻹǰ״
ͬģͬ
ڡ䳡
Ȼ䳡һ£˲һȥһ£׹û˵ߣߣ
кЩˣɴǴῪʼûȥ˿ĳҪѾÿҪܲˣȴȻʵʵţһҲҶ
ﲻסɶˣɶһܱȶðɣ
ԼͷٴȴҲ󲻹󳬼Ű
Ŷ׹Ļͷ޵ݣǱȥԼϼ
Լվ˵ҪȥҪȥ㷽㡣
׹˵ôϲɾ㾹Ȼǰ˵ҪǰɣɱɱˣԺʡ·ˡǶԩ


306 Ǯô
ʱ
һŷ֮ٴҼҹүһγɢɢģҪʲôղ֮Գ֣ίʵΪɵֶι̫ˡֻΪȥųһΡ
˵ƤЦЦ˵Ҳ֪үѾܾû԰Źʲô飬һΣܵùүԳкǺ
ʱһЦ

˵öԣ˵ĺã˵̫ˣ
Цƶ֮ò׿Цвĵ
˭Ҳأ
˼ѺˣʾԼˣȫˡ
ءԭôôҪʲôʲôҵѾˣ˵ˣԴҲͲʲô˼ǲǣ
˵ҺҼҹүĳԾǿ֣ԭǣҲǣԴҲùǣ˵֪ʲôʱǶѾ˺Ǻǡ
˲ʱƨ糱
׹䣡
лл׹ӣΪӪһ͵
׹Ӻ࣬Ҹжᶼˡ
ǰǰҪǰ׹Ӻ˿̻һôء
ԡʵ̫ԵˣղΪеģһȥ󣬶ҪΪյʢ٣úõĺһ칦ƣ
ԣ˵úãҲЧ

ҶЦŰۣȺˣֻоͷһͷںХ۶
Ⱥʹ˵
ղŻŵƨҷţһƨʱȴ˷£ȣÿһƤӶޱȺˣȻǺ½˵Ⱥˡ
ʲô׹ΪӪһ͵ģ
ǷӵĹͣ
ʲôȥ칦ƣôЧǷƨ
ȥѹƻࡣ칦ӵĹ
˶Ч
ôһȺƨ⣡
ҶЦαӸ̣ȴǻָˡ
ң֮ȣνǰֱΪʦĹɽش󹩷˺ü
Ⱥ˶զˣ
Ҳֻü˵һ仰Ƽϴ赤һţļۡ
˽Уڣ
˽Уǧ򣡡
Ȼ˽Уǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
ڣ
ǧ򣡡

ɽ߸Ͳ˵κɿĻ۸˻һ쬵Էϴڡ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǧ
Ȼ˷ͷӶ
ɽȻǱˣȻ㶣Ž˵ǧѾ˳ǧ򣬻иߵôûиߵģǵƼϴ赤ǧδһţǧδһյüϴ赤ţǧһΡڶΡûиߵģôϴ赤ǡףǼžٵţ
ղź۵״ν£ɽλ½ƵʦȻҲŪͷֱûס۵˭һĳʵ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
棬ֻΪһ仰׹Ҫ֡
˵ҳôǮ׹ӿ˴ɽ
Ӵ˶һչأ
㲻չˣֻҪƸ¥ҵ鷳Ҳ˰˱Ӹ°
Ȼ׹δע⵽˭ļۣҶӻԾĳǮֻע⵽û۵أǲ񲻾ͳ˰ҹеǣ
̫ҫˣ
ָ˼ͷʹ֮£ҶǺɤһĳǮ
Ҫð׹ӿһ֣
׹ע⵽Լ̬Ǿ͸ˡ
һĳɹѾעȥ˴½£
ֻ˵ڵһ½µļ£
ҲֱˣҿˣȻҲ֪ǺöǧѵһĺöǡҲںõȵزɣ仹ڽһӳֺüŵ״£һϣγֶͬĺöĴɣһ൱̶ȵļ۸𣬾ϴ赤ԣڹȻˣԣأͽĳϣ滹ϴ赤ȴעĳϵ߳ɽ۸񣬿ǡ
ǽ״ôͷأ
ֵǧĵҩֱҳһڣ
ҲͰˡ
ϴ赤߳ɽ۸ҲڰǧңĳڳɽǿԽܵģǣںεľĹУȻ̧ڣ
⡭ѵͨͣǮѾǮˣ
Ǽ߳ɽ۸񲻶ԣһʼˣ
ϰԴκģֻоԼ˶ԴֱӱһĽɽУɲǼðۿȥܿʲôһɽ
һмٿŵҩоİ
ҵү
ЩҩУĿǰ˳ɽҲǧ
ʮһмĻ߰˸ڰ
ôǮô
Ǯô



307 ʵķ
ƴŤԼϵ⣬۵죬ȴֵᶼˡ
ڣֻҪһ仰
Եģ׬ǮҲ̫ˣǮ׶ˣ

Ǯδ׬̫ˣ¿ųзڵľ󣬲ɵĸ̾һ䡣
Ȼ½Ǯڱʵ㲻ʲô޵úܣ˹ֲĳɽ֣һһεĳޣѿڶ˵ܲǿݵĻ
˳ӣҧź촽̾ϢһǵģǮίʵ׬̫ˡ׵ɱ˷֮ĵز
Ծһ漴ˡ
鱦ѱųʵ۹ģεã൱һ֣Ͻɸʵ۹ģԵĿǰΪֹýжϣʵ۹һӶ˼ٸڵľѣ
⼸ٸڵ룬еһ󲿷֣ҪҪҵ˳۹
𿴺½Ǯƶڱ岻󣬵˾̫شˣԸдϾĽ֣
磬ս
̴ʲôǮ
˫һʱԷֳʤ־õսȥôͿһߵʽۺˣϾʿҲҪԷҲҪ·ҪҺڵġ
Уÿһ𻵵ıǺģЩҪʲô䣿Ǯ
ƥʲôʲô
׾ֻһ֣Ǯ
ʵ۹ôһ׬Ǯ鱦ӵǿ֧֣˳ھͿԿ϶һ£һ֮һҪʮ꣬ãʵ۹ҲԺɵĳ
ʮ֮Уȥյĸ˰ϢԴ˲ȡԴĵ׵֧֣
۹ء
֮ǰѰѵĹУҳѾȥһ룬»ڳ֮У϶ά̫ӣ
ԹƣһĵǮһǧڣ鱦֮ǰԣʵ۹ܹеڣڣԻϾųɾ˵񾭡
˳ʹı۾ڿѾЩǮˣЩǮ˳ǹ̵ʸì۹ʿͷϡ
̾Ϣ
˳Լͽܣ۹Ĺϵע

һ֮ǰԣ׹Ӻƶ֮Ĳ֪ʲôʱôʧˡ
ȫϢ
һᣬҲȡ˿ǰĳɹ
һ½ʷ´˵ֻ˵һѱԽ񻰣
ã㳬ҶЦԭԤڵ
ԣҶЦǡɱȸԾ˵ϢʱһʱҲסˡ
һǧ⡮ȸԾĶĸо
һǧİʮǧ򡭡
ֵʱҶЦһ˲ɵˡ
ʲôʱ򣬡ǧ֣ȻĳʲƸͷˣ
⡭񻰴˵УҲûô񻰣ô˵İɣ
ǣʵô˵ľˣ𺳣
ҵġ
ҶЦĳһ
ãºڣҲκһΣܹһεü۸ߣһᣬǿǰģǾģ
˷ܵûⶼ衣
ǰ˵ҿͬôҶЦЦЦ˵ţͻȻһ£ˣ׹ӶթǳʮڣûУ
סûа
ҶЦŭ쵰Ȼʮڣ̫ˣҼסˣ쵰ҵģҹҵǮ
ɵˡ
ʮڡôǵأ
⻰Ӻ˵𰡡
˵ˣᣬܹ֮ɹڵıٷְٶΪ׹վ߲Żļ˻𱬣
ĻɽܹڵһͲˣ
˵׹ûнǮ߾Ѿܲˡ
ȻҪǮҲ
̫ˣ
ǡ
һʱһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ò˵ĵӣǡʰ
ֱϵķ⻹ʣ
Բ֮ҶЦһЩ֮ﳤȥ
һᣬвμԱڸͲ뵽ļ۸ᱻ̧֮ߵĳ̶ȣԾ󲿷ֵˣƱĿ
Ȼвİ취
ֱӵİ취ĳЩֵȻ鱦һƷǲУ緿̡ҵŮʲôģЩУ˵ĳҩĳĵرĳЩ򶼿ԣ߲ܣ֮ڶ⻻ʽҲû⡣
ȻȻֵƷļֵ϶ۿ۵ģ㣬˱ʾԼϿɣϾ鱦ⷽûǺܵصƷʵʼֵųɵļ۸񣬾г鱦ԣĺܵλӺζˡ
ֵĿ˹Ȼ⣬鱦Ҳ⣬ֵһϣ鱦Ҳ൱ֲ棬ȻֻһһɵĻ棬ǳϻأ


308 
һֻʮòƲ٣ȴҲ࣬һڵֻɾʮˣ׵һǧİʮǧ½ֽͨȫҲûֵһࡣ
ԣҪֵҲһ൱˵Ŀ
ʵϣԱǼ֪ǲϡ鵤ûЯֽ̫ҪԭȴΪû̫ϣΪŽϢѴ˾֪ҶǱšлģ᲻߾;ǿͷģңЯֽȻ̫࣬ȴҲԲ٣ϴ赤λһŵĻȻҲЩ׽⣬ȴǴ´ġ
ǣƻûб仯ģһʼľĻ𱬳̶ԶԤڣڳ֣ΣݱȺ󱻰׹һΡֱˡ
ܣƸ¥źȴһˡ
ңֿɾܹţĿšֻҪǮͿԶġ
ƣ
ʱͷˡ
Ǯô죿
ǺţǮʱǷţȻӱ˴ѶҪǮǮȡвϡ顣
ǣǮֿ̫һ㣬ǱչڣҲǲܺĳֽ𣬼Ȼ鲻ֽǾмֵƷ
ֿ֮л˲֪ĵرͳͳ˳һһǳǣ鱦ۣȻǮ
ϼ̰ǰĵʮŵ񵤣պϼøʮڣһʱܹյôǮһӾͽϼǧĲֿˡ
Ǿջ죺Ծռ˴ˡ
֮ܶ
鱦˴ϵĳһǧİʮڳȻȫֽ𣬻ƷֵܼһǧڣΪܹյֽ𣬻˰ڣȫǸָƷ֮֮⣬鱦вһʮڵ룡
Ǯǲ÷ָʵ۹ġ
Լ㣬һı󹲼߰ٶʮڡ
Ƚһʮڵ˰Ҫ۹ɡԼİٶʮڣȻ׸һɣʮڡ
ˢһȥʮڡ
ȫȥ֮鱦ϾȻֻ׬һٶڵֽ
ѾǷǳˡ
ƾʹһ𷢣ҪȻһҪ̵Ļҭġԭ
仰÷˼Ƭ̣а

Ϲ˰ڵĵرȴһȫˣ
ûа
Ȼ¿Դ鱦ֱߵģֻвһڵѵƷҶЦûϸͽ֮ͳͳӽ˿ռ䣬һɨ롣
ʵвĵر˵кܶ࣬ҶЦûҲǸŶѣôЩ˵еĶòеˣȻҲͲϡˣûȥϸоȫսռ䣬þŴռһķűȻ˵
һεջûкļֵڵĵرҶЦҲѾˡ
ѩ̿ףȴǺ׵ġ
ʣµһУŵڣȫ͵ǳǣ˵
ҶЦЦйͷϲá
̫ˬˡ
Ȼôĺö
º˳λȥ˶ܳϵûж
˳ЩأҲЩӡ
ȴ۸ӵĹϵľʦͽ˾顣
ʦƺˣҪص磬볽ʾһսʼǵ۹ݸೣûе١Ȩ۹֮ҵҵΣ˳ҶЦȥķɫƺ¶˾ģػҺγûҵΣ
̾˿ҲգҺˣҽȥЩ飬Ҫסֲ֮£ܳٻøϽҪ˵һûʲô취ԶһЩԴ÷ܵĶһЩ⣬ѾĿǰƹ֮ˡǲʧġ
˳Ŀɫһ£ǣס
ͷȥ
ǵģ֮費ʧʵǷ֮վڳʵ۹һʵ۹۹ȻƳˮתء
Լƫƫ۹Ĺ
ҪǣԼòѾЩϲ֮ˡ
ֻǵҹ֮˻ӻ۽ն˿ʹһӣҲûʲô˲õġȻ֮ƹ˵ȴһݡ
ƹԼʦš
ֻôһ룬˹۸ӵĹǣ˳Ҳʱоͷ綷ͷʹѡ


309 ·
ģҵ׸δȴ۸ӵ˼Ĺϵ˳а̾ѡ
㯸ӵɫãȻϾֳֺΡ
˳˼ôңĴʷȻһ۾ܿʦĲȴǸϾ˼Щʱﻹ˼ȥЩеûġ
ʦͽ˶Լ֮С
԰Ρ
ҶЦЯ磬ضȥһ·ͣĳ˳ţֱͣ⣬ȥ漣ɽϣʹʧӰ
ͬһʱһ꣬һƥ񿥵İʩʩȻ˳š
سǹٱ׷ʩ񣺡Ҷӡ
ҶЦЦ񣺡ֵˡ
ڽʿһĿҶӸͷ̤̤̤ǡһλؽԻԼͷƤסһûҶӳǰôͻȻӳҼǴˣǿˣ
һ˱ĵ˵Դܼǵסʲô˵ĵģҲ룬ЩŴػôˣʮˣȫǵסΪ˭
λؽȻɻѣǲǣȻǵ̫࣬ҶˣǻرĵģüǴ϶ˡ
ֻҶʵȥأ˵ˣûµʱĥĥץϸãĥҶ˧Ĺӡеˣ
һλƫĵۺȳ⡣
ǣְλؽִӦٻ£ʵûɶɣǱʿ֮û³ƪôɡ
ҶЦŸͷһ·ҡУߵ£Ų֮Ȼ֮׵ͷ
ոߵҶǰʱֻһһƵ
עĿȥֻ˰̫үӣӣСĻӳ־޼ɣˡ֮ǺһȺ˺ƺƵǰӵ
ԷէһҶЦ˶ǰһ
ЦЦ쵰ɶȥˣ粻ȥȥƫʱȥǿϧôһֺÿ˴СУȳ˹
ҶЦڸ״кĵ类һѱס˷ܹȣǽҶЦ˸
ĺ˷ܣٿ鵤
޼֮
ȻˡԣٿŽ鵤Ȼ˵˿ʥҩֻˣЧƬ棬δغܴ
սɱȴǾҩ߱ʲô񵤣Ҫøʵڣһŵô棬ҲһתΣΪ⾡ȥһŽ鵤ȴ߻Ƹ壬ʵЧС
˿˾˵ɶҲԼһ˻ȥˣһ˴ô죿Щ鵤Ҳǧжһתʱߵ̫һ˵ϣ񲻾ֳɵıڣ
ôһУԼת󽫾޼Ʋ֮£һʿҰΣĴñӿ̫ӼλҲֻűӣ˻ؼҡ
ȴû뵽ڰ·ɲ˹ҶЦ
λжһĲڡ
ѾģԭУȱһû뵽Ȼˡ
֣ҲŲȥءһٱ˴һǻƣǿɾ鷳ˣϴѾҼͷԪˣһΣҺҼͷӣл·ôҶЦЦţ˴Լϰ
˵仰ʱڳҲû̫⣬ϾǵˣΪ˵ҶЦʱһߣʱ꣬˿̷ɧʵƽúܡ
Ȼһ̫үϵıȴ΢΢һ䡣
̫󡢿۴ĹҲɫһǼɵ͵͵ǰ¹ӸĪطһԵС
ҶӼ࣬׻ǻָò˰ɡ̫Це˵ϴιȥ֮̽ʱҶӻǴڻԲ֮Уż죬ҶѾݹˣȻǼࡣ
̫Ӻ踣ӡҶЦЦ˵˵ջĶ̫үǺǣҪ̫Ӷ෽ߣֻ»ϲҸϻأСܷ֮ȫɣ˺õô죬ίʵҪлģʱˣҺúðһʽл
̫ӺЦӦ
ⷬԻǡ֣͵һȣԳӹػһǷԷθĸжԱж
̫ȴоҶЦ˵Ļôһ㻰лζ
ǴôǴôӦǴɣ
Ȼ֪ҲﲻԾ̫ͷǿԼķ룬ԸǴֻǴֻΪǴǼ¶·صԼ޷ܣ


310 ʱ䣬кܶ
ʵڳһ˹ģҲ޵ĲһЩһ˫º͵ӣʼնעҶЦÿһ仰ÿһÿһ顣
еɻ֮ȴ̫ӲͬǴ״жϵġҵĻƣӦúõôɣ
ҶȻб»⻯ˣȻҲҶЦƸԪȣлôļƷҩƻָÿ죬Ҳ֮С
һ̫ӵµԸŶţҲˣҲԸţҶЦʲô֪
Ӵˣһˣš첻УҵȻȥź˽鵤ıҾ㣬ٽСһȥҿĵȻҵĵ¿϶ϲ鱦󣬲ʱգһܸϳȥ˽Ȼ¾ߣ˷ܵ·һһġ
ͷ˵Ҳ׷ҶЦ̬ǽһǫ֪ĶΪҶЦǻӣǳӡ
޼䵽棬֮ûйҶЦкȴΪߣСӳ־
˿̣Сͷһ˷ܵظ޼˵ʲô
޼ȻĺܺãһһСӵ⣻ҶЦǰ޼̧ͷҶЦ˴˶һ¡
ҶЦһ˿̽ѯ
޼ɼ״΢һ㶣漴϶ĵ˵ͷ
ҶЦʶһ㶣漴˼֮У޼ü
ҶЦ޼ɲ̾˿ͷ
޼Ҳ̾˿Ҳͷ
Ȼ˸ɴû˵ô
̣һ仰û˵ô۵С۵Ļ࿴˼ۣ˼һйȥˡ
ڴʲôݰ־²ʣȻǼϲ
޼ȴһЦ֪
ô
ǰɡ
ֻʱ˶ݵգпܻӰ쵽ֵĸ˵һһˣӰ쵽ǧǧ˵
ҶЦȻʲôû˵ȴɫȥʱ䣬ϸ̸
޼ᡣ
ٵһ棻ĽԴھϲķΧ֮УʲôûвҶЦ޼ɾоԷˣ
˶൱̶ȵĸı䣡
仯˺ܶܶ࣡
ȥ˲ŵĵز
˷ǸˣŻԭţʲô仯
ˣȻԻĳԣȴܹ͸ԼóеΣԶԼʲôʲôԼδΣǰ·Ȼδƽ̹ȴȻǰֻǰУ
Ȼ޼ɣҶЦܹĸо޼Ȼ˼ѬѬţȴֿ纣ȡ
ˣҲšӵе
һ仰Ҳ˵εǣȴĲ
ʵ飡
ҶЦһ޼ʱѾʼӽԼĿꣻѾʼٹ֮ףһ֮֮ϵλƣѾ𲽵֮̽С
ڵ߻ֻ˵ǸʫԻһйְ޼ɾͽ
δ·޼ѾԼľͷڣҲԼĹ޺ηڷɶ˻һ㣬ű˶˷ɱ
޼Ѿ׼ˣ¾㱸ֻǷ
ҶЦ޼ɵĿ
޼ͬоڵҶЦ֮ǰҶЦأ֮
ǰʱ俴ҶЦжֹЩɬζ
ڵҶЦ̧ܾ㻹üǳЦǴݲȣȻɣ
ڲ֪֮Уһ֡֡ĸоôԷɢңһȻ£κκ¶еķš
ҶЦĽԲں½޼ĬĬĶԼ˵ңڣƺҲѾ׼òˡ
ʲô磬Ѿطˡ־޼ɵĳ˼̧ͷһ֮ʱѾϽ
ƽңλ̫ӵлү븮ȲԼԷֵȥ
̫ߵʱ־һȥ־ȴϾʹˣִ޼ȥˣ޼ҲЦ飬̫Ӵʱܿƽ飬ԼοԼʼ飬ûټ֡
ֻߵʱӣԼĵܵ˵־Ҫԣɺ֣֪ô
ĵܵܵͷ̫Ӹ޼ɴ˸кˡ
޼΢ЦĿ̫ܵ˵΢Цؿ̫˵Ǿ仰ʱ򣬳־һľ⣻΢ЦĿ̫վﳤȥ
ʼգֻͬһ顣
ۿȥһߡ
ҵʱ䣬кܶࡣ޼ɶԼ˵
ȻԳ־˵ʱ䣬Ҳкܶࡣ
־ԲԲĴ۾ʵʲô磬˵ʲô
޼΢΢һЦ
಻ģҪٹ۲һ¡


311 
޼ɾ׼˼طˣĵطֻǣЩˣȴֲͨˣܹһЩϷʱ鲻Խ¶ġһЩԴԱĵĶֻ˵ǿһ˵ıʡ
ֻԼȫͨû֮޼ɲŻȥҶЦǱߣһͬġһЩ顣
һЩҲйسʵ۹½飡

һ˷ֺһ·޵飬ҶЦֱҴ˦Ժӡȴξӭײһ
ҶЦǸһЦ㼴һ̵ʧԼСԺ
ξͷƤһ󲻽⣺զˣԼﻹҪôһƨɵӣ
ȴ֪ڵҶЦǻƨˡ
ԭҲǱģǿռͻȻ
˵Ķ伫ޣԹ˱㱥ԶţӲԸĶܳűƤ
һΣҶЦֵһٶڵĵرһԵȫӽ޾ռ䣬ȴδű޾ռĵزЩɺܶ࣬޾ռȴҲֻһС飬ԿռתɢŴռ֮ռĵطҲ͸ˡ
˵οռٶȱʵΪԳˣװسޡ
ȻʵһԴйأⳡʵȴǿڤʯͷҶЦҲǷˣʱʱľ¶
ֱǹ߷ˣ
ֻҪռͻȻʲôȻЩһΧֻܹǿڤӰ죬ڤͻ᲻ʱ裬ƻռƽ⡣
ȻÿһּµĺֵսҶЦĪǹнʱ򣬵ǡֳвĽȸУȴҶЦ֮
ʱĸо棬ǹѰֵģ
ߣڤ״ǲϴصúܣ
ǵϸһʱ̣ľռĵر϶ҪܵĪӰ죡
ľռϵԴ֮ǿܳµ֮ء
һΣҶЦɷ˵һӽôණȥ˵Ҳ࣬ڤǲǼ˹ء
ϣԼ֮ҶЦֻǸһкͿʼϥ˲ͽ붨֮С
ʵǲ벻ˣνһ㣬״֮ǰҪӶ࣬ҶЦȫľΪȫȻ£
ʵʵڵǰҲûˡ
ҶЦ붨ȫ⣬֮УҲһɼϢ
ҶЦӦڤʵʱ򣬴ûԣǽ졭
ҶЦ߲Զı׵ظܵɺɵĻһ£૵Цôô䣿Ѳǲˣ
ķΧʱоԼ޴ӿܣΪػҶЦ״֧ţԶˣ룬ǿһ֮󣬾Īظо˻
ƺϺѾҲˡ
ϧûע⵽һ仯ֻڵģֻ˵ΨһģֻҶЦ״ѡ
ĵС֣ҶЦĶͷֻоֱǣԼָͷҲ˶ˣɵôһ
ô£ػôأ
ۿҶЦа˪ðò֪룬תһᣬһת˵ǰܣЦ綼ΪˣҲˣȻ࣬վһҵΪЦɹѹء
ȫ޹˼ɵؽԼ壬ҶЦĻһ棬Լ¶ȣЦṩһůһ棬ҲǷԼҶЦĵ뱳ġ
ϾҶЦ׳˫ҪͬʱӴҶЦĵﱳģͰ첻
׼׵ȴҶЦӸα䣬һҧԼһһԵ˳ȥ
ҶЦ˿ĶԸռŰĺ
һεĺøң
˵ҶЦӦֺ״ᳵ·εı̶ʵ̫ǿˣҶЦþһֶκԾڶʱ޷ƺļӣֻܱļϣʱԽᱻ
ϾźйҶЦ⣬ܹɺ൱ģֻҪʱԳһкת
ʵˡ
ȻڤǰҶЦյһ̡
Ȼʱ򣬱һ΢ҶЦľ
˵ʵڵģȻȫʩΪʵ̫ˣҶЦֵȫע뺮Ĺؼʱ̣ûвǣΪһͻŰĺֳһǰδеӿ״̬ǿƷ˻ȥ
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͽһȫͬûȻ󣬽ɽХһ㣬س˱֮ڡ
һֻоҪըһ㣬ŵҪſȣȴѾŲ͡
޾Ӵһ˲㳹׵ؿƣռ塣
ʱ򣬰ԱߵҶЦҲһ֪


312 
ҶЦֻǸоƺѹСһЩΪйֶμЧôʲôԭǺ󣬵¸ŬĴ߶񹦣ȫ
Ͳףʱﵽ׳ʲô顣
ڸ죬ڼ̵ʱ͸һ˪֮ҶЦղŻҪӶࡣţкȻڶϡ
ǲǿҪˡҪˡпţҲŸոˣûüȥߡؾôˣ̫ϧˡһûúദء
ʱ
ͻȻ䡭
нڵĺƺҵһʲôйȱڣȻĳ򼱳ȥʵĳֺ֣̹ǡԶ˵ĸо˲ʱʧˡ
ĺҲԾ֮ƣǸ֪ĵطӿȥһ޵׺ڶӿĺ
ְô£ôͻȻأ֪ԵıأԽرҶЦԼµĻָоҶЦƺҲůһЩɵ¶ĵЦݡ
ҶЦֻоѹᣬȫת֮£ռĺ֮٣ת񹦻õУμ١
ֱ˿̣ҶЦĵһ
ڰεΣȹȥˡ
ΣתֵԼΣͬҲԼ֮תΪԼ
ͬһҲϲõġ
ҶЦܸɴĽͷԼȫչ鼺е֮С
⣬ãã
񹦣˳żеһδεıڳˢѭѡ
ҶЦ˿ʲô֪ģȻӲ֪ԼΪ׷շת˱ľڱľУչһδεѭ
ÿһѭܻһϺɫĵ壻漴ͬ
Խ˹ڣھбϺɫĶԽԽ࣬γһ״̬
ҶЦȻȻҵ״̬֮УȴܸоΧĺȱ仯Ѹо٣ΪǼ֮ĲˣȻ˼ٴ
ôҶЦһʼܹ֧֣˺ֻоòԽԽҶЦ˯˹ȥ
ȫ֪Լڲڷ췭ظһ仯
ϾȻһСѾͷǡ
侭ʣȴգ״תΪʰ֮޻֮̿⣬еҶЦ»״Ҳںתͷʯ£Ϫ֮࣬㼴˯ȥһںתԪѭԳתܼԷá
ͬڱȻֻ֪֪Ȼ֪ȻҶЦȫȻ֪ڼ䵽Ƿʲô£ֻһζҵҵƴļӿٶȡ󾡿ĽһοռΣ
Ͼһڤĺǿǰǿʢģ޷ƱػɸռˣشˣԼԴͼǿռĳΥˡ
ңǴʧһΪ
ռ䣬ޱߺϯΨǿŵϰȶΧŰĺܲʣȻɭȻ޷Ϯ֣ȻֵλףĺܳȻ
ХգȻڲͣŰκβ˵֣ռеȴǿϮķΧ֮ڡ
ҶЦǱ뻯⺮ΣȻûз֣ͻ񹦵ڶ֮Ϊƺ͵شܸһڣԤ֮еĳ̶ȣȴ
񹦵ڶʵӦý˶ѣֻӦ˵ֹܾô
ʵȴǲ֪ĿǰֻǸոսŶѣһţ̶Ȼޣ泤·ҪߣӳڶܣΪΨеʱڶĶ㡪١
˿̣ʶ֮УҶЦڶԿϺ֮࣬õ˾ŴռԷľռ䣬ռ䣬ˮռ䡭
׷ԷжˮһӿҶЦ壬ЭҶЦ
Σʱ̣Ҫռ֮ͳһͳܹԿڤ
֮ҶЦȫָʹռȫҶЦĵ
ҶЦⳡУʱ㣬ǳƿ˾ŴռȫܣȻȻһ֡磬ĳȻоټǰЦӵɱ£ĵ̣Ȼһ̣һ֡١״̬
ӿԶİٵ˹·ߣʼѭ
ѭڱҶЦһ壬лźתٵҲ˳µĸ˹ȥ
γһģʽԪҶЦźӿڣڱھ֮ѭһܣٻתҶЦѭϢ
ȻһѭĽȴȻӱľ֮Уһ֮
ҶЦʱѵĻǿϵó¡˳Դͷ޶¡


313 Īϼ
ȻڵļΪֲΪ£ҲΪ֮¡˳еĸͬնȴ졣
ڣȻôôֲ
ðܷͬСɣһ˿ͨϣôҲѾɥʱ˳һʵԪߣҲδܹ⣬ȻǻɱµĻܿһʱȴһļڵĵ
⻹ֻһ˿ɵĽ
˿ֲ̣ļڱھȻͬˮһĲӿֱ֣ϲԴԴ޾
ʵҶЦĿǰʵΪۣܹµİ˼Ѿޣϱĸ߲μܹڽӴ˲첻ãˣֵ֧ĻƬ̾͵ñã
˿ҶЦȴʶ״̬ЯŴռܣƾĶУӳٵڵҲʶļƺһطֻľٶϵ½ð޷γɹģ
һʶ֮У濹⡣
Ȼ˶ʶģɶԿȴ֯ռȫȴǱһ˿˿ĳ
Ƿֶ֮
գνͷٵˮһ㵹롣
֮ҫ˺ڰ֮УһƬ
ǵǿѹ֮£ЩСɵȫ޿أ֮䣬ɢ
תһ֡
ٵԴݿһƣڱ֮Уһ顣
һС̫ĴҫˣѲӾˡ
ðһʹʧøɸɾ
¿˵һΪ֮Уκһѵģô˿̵ҶЦĶԿ£ǱɡҲȻɣˡ
ƫƫڤڤ֮л˶εʶ֮С
Ӵûж˿𺦣ӴԪҶЦ֮С
ƣڵһһ֮֮һ
һεȾ˵֡
ѵ£ȻҶЦƴȻܶ𺦣ҪЩӴҲҪʱ䣡
ȴ£ֻ졣
Ƿֿ졣
޵
ʱһһιȥ
ãתգգ۾ǰҶЦ
֣ղؾȻ˯ˡЦû˰ɣ
ĵ֣ҶЦĶͷ¶Ѿָɵ÷ллأЦûˡ
ҶЦãעԶת֮ʣʱͿԼСϣȻǺںĶɾһѽôˣˡ
ᣬȻ΢ĳζȻʧȥԭм䣬Ůǰ࣬Լô࣬ﻹܣϽҶЦŵȥϴԡȥˡ
ҶЦֻоԼһΡ
һĵΣ
Ȼĵ棬˵߶Խ˵ǺΣ
ԴӿʼʼȫĵͶ룬ڴýͷöҲܼ˵ĵڣȴȻʵʶһƬϼ
޾ռ䣬޾ޱ޼ʵĺȻһ󲿷ֱƬϼˡ
ԴԴϼ֮Уߵ൱Ӵ󣻾ҶЦѹһӼ֮һķ
ҶЦʱоֱԭҶЦӦǼ죬ΪѣҲΪⲨʵ̫ҶЦǰδδںһӱһ֮һҶЦȻܹӦ֣Ӧˣ±㼴ȫ˹ͼյΣȻҶЦȴоƬϼʣңʣ߸ϣȴҶЦ˵
ҶЦԹҪӽоƬϼҲŬ߿ȴΣҲ̲˰롣
ֻǣÿһεŬԣȴҶЦоһˬĸо
ֻǲ֪ʵǴ
ԽתԽӴٶҲԽԽںХҶЦҲоԼ֮ԽԽǿ󣻶ߵƬϼòҲԽԽѤá
ˣҶЦڿȷһ㣬ֻҪԼ񹦹һزܽνӽƬϼ
ֱϣ
١
ǿھ֮мٴУҶЦԼƺھ֮еġˢˢ졣
ޣƻõ죬ҶЦоһǰδܡ
Ҳڶ෽Ŭ֮£ԽԽ١
ڣҶЦƺˡ䡯һ죬֮
Ƭϼһ֮࣬ķѣɢƮɣ


314 ˣ
ҶЦȻһ漴͸оԼȫͷŲһ羭ǿҵ붯Ϥص
ǡ䡱һҶЦʹ˹ȥ
ιȥ֮ǰƺĳֺܹŹֵʲô죿

ʲô
ˮô
Ҳһ̣ҶЦһѣ˱ϴ
һ̣ҶЦʲô֪ˡ
ΨһĸоֻУԼʶƮƮؽһ޵Ŀռ䡣
ǰһ·ӣûоͷһ㡣
ҶЦĿĵ·ǰţֻԶǸ㣬ôһ·׷Ѱȥ
߰߰
֪߹˶ʱ䣬оԼ·Ѿ߹ǧΨһܼģԾֻԶһԼķ㡣һƬžһƬڰ֮䣬ƺֻʣԼһˣ
ԼѾ˺ܾúܾã߳˺ԶԶʼǷľûа
һˣ˿̿¾ͻҡôûеأǲʲô⣿ǲߴ·ˣֻ·Ͳԣ
ҶЦȴ룺ҾôȥȻһʱֻ߲Ҫ֮Ժ㣬һߵҲ·ңڵ˵ǶôңԶľ룬ȻҲ˵ģһҪʲôڷ⣿;ΪΣ
ҶЦţȥõȥ
Ѷ˲䣬ֻ¶һ̣ǷͻȻ͵ı󣬡һȻǰ
ҶЦ⵽Լߵ˷ǰǷԼǰ
ΪΣǷԼǰ
ҶЦȥȻ֣㣬һɽ
ɽһˣ
һΰ˼㡢ɽˣ
վͷ죬˫£̤أ۽գһ
ҶЦվ˵ǰֻоԼС
˵˵ֻһֺͷҲԼһǧһô
ҶЦһ£ڴ˿óȻˣôԼȫָǰǵԪ۷ΪȫֶΣԾӲȥܸǵķΧ
ֻһӱѹ
κεĽң
¼䣬ȻôˣҶЦԾ̾һ
֮̾࣬ҶЦ򷢹Դ㣬ղȫ޴֮˵֮УˣԼһ⣬ˣԴŵĳɢĹâ
ǣ˾ʲôأ
Ϊʲô
ҶЦо˾Ȼ޾ռйأоǣԼֻвСĹȴ󲻳ԼΪʲôԼʲô
ѵ˵Լģ
ţͻȻеĿĺڣ
ռžҶЦȻ֣Լ˵ĻȻԼû
֮ԼûԼ
ҶЦаһٶþȫһʲôط
ȻԾûа
ԾԼԼ
ҶЦˡ
ôأ
̧ͷң˰ΣȴһȻͷ˼ӦԷ
ǣô룬ʼһ취ҲûУԹҪصԼ֪ҲصֻԼʶԼڻ״̬
ֻҪʶصԼ棬ôǰһо󣬶᳹ʧ
Լͨ£ʶͨ޾ռķţҲĳĿռ䣬Ӧô˷߿ЧЧĻԼ߻Գ䣬˽һЩ档
ϧҶЦޱȾɥʶط֮ȫЧ
ҶЦֳ˶ַϧʲô취ʼվǻزȥ
ǰľˣȻҲʼվվǰһֱûʧģصı۾
ҵǷȱʲôŻزȥҶЦԼ
ģƽȻôԭϥ£ĳ˼
ҵǰΪʲôӵһˣ
ǴӺζԵǰ㣿⵽Ҫʲôأ
ҶЦüͷĬĬ˼
ת񹦵ĹУ˾ӦһصĹؿ˵񹦵ڶ㣬ҪͨĹؿҶЦвȷţۡ
Ȼͷո˲䣬졣
ҶЦȻ̧ͷȥ
ֻһ˫ԭյ۾ȻڻſԶ
ͬʱ֮ͻȻ޾ϼ⡣
Ĳʺ磬һһңԶʣôڿйţһżʡ
˵۾ſţԶһ
˵΢΢ſƺҪ˵ʲô


315 
ˡӦǱҲˡҶЦţ˵֮УȫκУеֻׯ£ֻȻ
Ŀ⿴ƽ㣬ȴڸȻһ־µ̬ȴûԴĸоͺ񡭡Կ֮ࣿУ¶ľһ֡ȱ
ҶЦš
ԣҲȫȻĴȱ̺һɡ֡ϣûаˮζ
һɱɱȴȻ
ҶЦ˵ѵҪңԿ࣬ҵԣӦ˼ˣɱ
ˣȴָʲôأ
ˣͷ죬̤أ¡
ҶЦоԼ׵һЩʲôȴԽ֪һһȥ֮ܽγ磬ɵüͷ
˵΢΢ſһֹĸо˼ӦǡʲôҪ˵ֻҪһЩ飬ȴ˵ֻǲ˵
ôҪʲôأ
׻˵ţҲΨԼ򣬲ʦʼָ˵ǸţЩʦţпˡǾһֵµˡ
ɴֻҲҪԼȥ򣡡
ҶЦü˼ϥ۾ؽ˲򾳽֮С
ǱȻ֪ʱţҲ֪׹˶ãһһ»һֻ꣬Ǹ£Ȼ䣬ҶЦͻȻоԼԺУһ֡
ˣ
ֻһ֡
ãֻôһ֣
ˣҶЦ˼ˣʲô
ϣˣŮˣкˣлˡҶЦвϵطڡ
ϵˣ̫̫Ŀ̫ġ뷨ʲôǰֻһǾǡȣһˣΨ˴ˣ˵ĺ
ˣۺûǿһҪһˣνչԴͷֻԭ㡣

˲ֺûôԣҪˡ
Ȼ˵ĺʲô
ˣȴֲֻϺˣˣôҪʲôҪʲô䣬кܶ˵
Ҳԣʵûкܶ˵
ûӡǿźܶ˵ȴƺʲô˵
ֻӦ˵
ˣʵܼ򵥣һģˣ
ˣ
һһͻȻҶЦԺ֮Ул˼·ͳͳһ
һˣҪֵƶ񡢺ڰסǷǣҪֶƣڰ׷ǷǣҪ˼Կ֮࣬ڶ˶УҪֹ֮ţֹֻҪɱ֮Ҫնɱ󻼣
Զлκεҵģҷһ·ֺ˱ˣȴҵĹΪΣˣкܶܶ࣡
ԣó񾡣Σѿ֮ʱ
ˣõأλˣͷ죬̤أеɽӣ죬ڵأ
ҶЦлȻһ૵ظһ飬ˣأλˣͷ죬̤أеɽӣ죬ڵأƣɱɱ񾡣ݹۣѪΣ죬ԹУֻҪĲƣΪһģˣ
ǡˡ
ҶЦȻſ۾עĿǰľˡ
ĿȻȫη
ԭ񣬾Ȼ˶µı仯
ԭᶨơɱϵ񣬾ºƺһ˿Ц⡣
Ȼš䡱һ˾ôʧӰ١
ž˵ʧ֮ұըƬƬǡ
ͬһʱҶЦʶڻصԼ档
ֻǣȴԾܹһ仰
Ǿ仰ƺϣƺĵף
£ǸʣЦ⣻ҶЦƺһЦĿԼӣο
ҶЦȻˣʲôˣôһݺ˼
漴ҶЦ͸оԼԺ֮УһȴȫİĸоͺԼһŹѾ˼ǧ꣬켫
ۡ
ⲿ֡
ţҶЦоԼ۾һһʹʹȫȻƲסġ£ҶЦ۾Ҫ֯ȴôҲƲסĻʡ
Ȼ޷ƣֻ֮֮ƫƫ۾оҲԽԽ˼㡣
ȻоãҶЦĵȴףԼĿǰ״̬ǡۡЧɵģǻ£۾˺
ֻǲ֪ۣܹγʲôЧã


316 ˵ľ
Ѱ˼ȴһʧζЦ硭Ц硭ôˣͻȻˡˡôᣬ˭ˡЦ硭㡭㲻Ҫ˺òã
˵뽹ƺԼټȥҲԼˡ
ҶЦŬۣ֮УֻԼǰһɫˣĵעԼ
ӵз绪ˣɫ˫ӣȴֻа˾ǵıŮҶЦһʱɣǣҲ𲽳ɳ
ҶЦǿ¶һЦݣԣû£Ͼͺˣⲻǿޡ
һ˵һأԻ
ڱӱס᲻ϣ˵ȻȻҲЩʵζ
״̬Χ£ҶЦ˵Ȼ̫û˵ˣ
Ȼӵģڿޣҵģοҡƭˡ
ҶЦᣬ֤ǲǣûпޣģϸ
˵ţǿ¶һЦݡ
ЦˮչֳȴıȿҪѿöࡣ
״˴ͻȻʵ㻹ڿޣڿޣЦޱҲܡҲˡ
ҶЦĵװвٶȳȰοȴۡһһƨڵϣ캿
Ǿ춯أ
ҶЦһӾצӡ
ģŮ˿ˡ
ֻҪŮһޣҶЦûа취ΪҲޡ
°һᣬһ߳ᣬһ߽ȰοޣҲˣĲڿޣޣˡ
ôһʲô񹦷ֹҲûһô࣬˿ǶĴˡ

룺ֻҪ粻ޡءͲޡء㻹ڿޣڲͣĿޣҡء
ԽԽǴ
ҶЦᣬڱķޣûа취
ֻ֮֮
ԼеᣬǲϵأȪˮһӿӿӿͣӿ

үȻûмҶүξ߿޵ңҲͲסģ׳ʲô£
ҶЦû¶ҪҷĽ
ʱȴΪն˱ҶЦСѾͷʲôҶЦŻҪ
һ棬ҲǽԼܡ
ʱξֻΪҶЦҪʲô˱˿֪飬һĴӦӴ֮󣬻ľҲûн
˿޵ңΨǷʲô¼ﻹ˵ʲô
ϽŽһ״ʱҲɵۡ
ǡզˣ
ξһ۾Ϳ˱һе棬ŮĺޣٲȻһѷֵӣɵôһ
˵զˣ
ҲûǸʲô¶ôͿ޵ôأ
˵ˡѾͷޡⲻʲôϡ£ܿҶЦʲôһ򲽣һСûҲǿԿ޵ģǣɵǣҶЦΪɶޣ
ԼԼֶ˽⣬ξһ£¼䣬вܹɱ˵ҶЦޡξԴҲǲŵģ
ڣԴŵʵȻôʵĳԼǰ
ңҶЦһıᣬȻ޵
ξɲǼͷԼһƬհףѵʲôˣ
ҶЦأԻᣬξŽһ̣һҪ޵ĳ嶯Ƕˡ
ΣξҶЦĽЩʲôƺʲôûס
Ȼܹ桭ӵĹŹֹһӱ˵ˣû˵С˵Ūء⵽զ¶
ξһ߿ֹһһͷˮŶȥ
еĿռȫԺ޵ˡ
ڵ飬ǳ׵Ĳˡ
ξ̾Ϣ
ۿξһһɶŮɶĳȥˣҶЦаյüҪײǽ
¶ô¶
һ쿪ʼҶЦûֹͣ
ҲҹҲŵʱ᲻ֹ·ʱҲɺӣԷʱһ߳Էһᣬ˯ʱһһ˯֮ʱ
ƺ棬ͻȻһӣ۾ӵĳˮڡ
ӣȻȡ֮֮ԴԴȫˮ
۾ǣûг׸ɺ֮ǰҶЦԶҲֹסġ
ңڲˣʵӦͺˣСѾͷȻȱʧȴѩξ뿪Ƭ֮ҲЦȷʵΪᣬȻͲˡ
ÿһֻǺϡעҶЦᣬƺһϡۣ֣Ȼ˱ŮᶼҮ


317 
һߺ棬һ߲ϵһװ׵־ΪҶЦȥϵˮȻôҲġ
ңѭξָʾÿʱΪҶЦ׼һˮ᲻ֹҶӺȥˮԴԱҶӿ
죬ξҶЦ᲻Ϊʱᣬ۾ҶЦȷȷʵĳֹ֮󣬱תɹˮȻ۾ȱˮ͵ճ̡
Ϊȱˮˡǿɾͳǧ̸
ҶЦЧ֮£ֻ޿κεһߺˮһ߼ᣬۼȻֺȥȻֱˮ
ѾһƨĹǧǧ飡
ʲô񹦷
ӵ棬ҪҪˡ
мڴˣԽ⼸ҶȻҲûгһΪϵʵֵļ죡
ţûһ
ʱ䣡
ξ̾⸣û뵽ܽλǻڼҪ֪ˣҲǲܻƤһӵΣ컯Ūģ
⼸֮УŷҲŵ뷨˵ԼĿǰֻбܹõҶЦҲƹˤԼ״̬Ѿȫϰˡٶ࿴һҲ޷ֻ߰˾̡
Ҷӿʼһᣬһ߿ʼԱɽ
ֻ˵ɽȥ
ò˵ʱҶӵᣬǻ˲˵Լķǿ϶ˣòϣҹĽ̵֮£ĲǣҲͻͽ
ҶЦһָо
ƺ棬һ죬͵ͬȥһꡣ
ƺõԽ࣬Ҫ˼ɵ飬ҲԽࡣ
ǰ˯ʱҶЦߣ˯ţշת࣬Ҫ굽ҶЦܰ˯
ǰͿʼЩɬˡŤŤһҲˡ
СͨͨģĿˮ飬̼ҶЦһѡ
ǰоֹѾȫһӣߴģһ˵죬Բﻹݣˣֱ˷
һǰҶЦȫжϵóıĻǺܹܿҶЦĻȴѾǿԺǵĿԼܼľܾҶЦͬ޵ΪҶЦڻĴҲûˡ
ڡ
Ҷӿˮֹͣˡ
Ȼûк֢Σ֢ͨ죬ǿ֮˺þõС
ӣǲ롭ǡһΪѣͨ죬ֻСԼ½°ڣŤǣŮܲס
ҶЦһȻ
ɶףŮܲףⲻԼϲŽĴôôѾͷܹõԼϣܾԼˣ
ԼղֻҪһ¶ѣû뵽ࡣ
ΪһʼҶӵĽǣֻҪнЦһ£Ϊ
ĽһʼķӦǻϲأӭֻҪԼоԼˣһġҡı飬۾ͷչŽ
Ӧ˺ҶЦ
ؽ죬ȻܾĳλɫΪʵΪռ˵ϰֶΡ
˵ϰ߳ȻôûʱЧˣ
ôҶЦȻǰı
ֻ޸죬۲תߺ졣
ǣˮΪΪǣܽüϹΨɫ˼بŵһ
ôͷЩСɬǹ롭Ȼ᲻ͬ⡭ֻֻ
˵˼ֻɫˣﻹݣɲꡣ
׶ҶЦȻ򣬹Цԭǵıﳤˣɴˡ֪ˣ
ҶЦЦʱͺ쵽˲ӣŤС
ҶЦЦЦȻˣˣôǰĽʽͲˣ롭ôźã
ɬЦЦ͵͵̧۾ҶЦǹӾǷҪǸӡҲ⡭
˵һ䣬Ѿ򸡣
ͷԴ˸ʵظ棬̧ͷˡ
ҶЦɲɣ㶼˵˵Ůܲף϶ûַʽˡ
һУȴ¶ЩʧǹӵġˣҪʲôʱ򡭡ʲôʱ򡭡˹֮⣬¼䣬еڶˣܹܹһͷ
仰˵ɬ˵ȴҲǼȻǣ޶ҡ
նݸģ


318 ˹
ҶЦ֮£񾹲ɵΪ֮һ¡
漴ȴһ仰֮еһ֣ľ
ǹӵġˣ
ˣ
ҶЦͻȻǸֵľˣ
ԼǲֵĹ
ɵþٶ˼֮УȻȴǰˡ
ҶЦͻȻ˼֪ʲôҪ飬óȻţô˳ȥ
֮ǰ±ŲߣڣȴѾʼ֪ػˡ
Ҳνġ¡ˣ
ҶЦƲ⣬ڵĲǣѾ൱ʮСŮˡңǱȽ϶µһ֡
̣ȴһֻҶЦʱ䡣
Դۣ֮ǰֻ²٣ңҲָ֮ʮ̣߰ҲҲǼʱˡ
ҶЦЩɾ͸С
漴ҶЦͿʼ˼ǡۡ顣
չʶרעԼԲһ֮£ȻԼԲλãһɢŽĵ伮ΡȻڿͣҶЦʶɨʼǲ㼴˵⣬ʧӰ١
ҶЦԺУҲ֮๦ھ
ǬΪνҲԳɴκܲҲһ۹컯һ۱Ϊۣ˽Ծ˫ĿΪΪ۲ɣ仯ǳܹۣ֮֮޷ǧ£֮ۡ
һ㣬¡ڶ㣬˼䣬㣬ǳ
ͨⲿķ֮࣬ҶЦΪ֮𶯣ԼҲѡͬޡ
񣬾Ȼһۡ
֮ʲôԨԴأ
˵òƻеԶԼǳķԼȫû֮ԨԴҲ϶ֲ
ֻǰķ˵ⲿνѼڼȻĻβ֮
˵ҶЦ۵ķһᣬķԪת˾ʮŸ֮󣬱ԼȻԿžϲ֮£ְʵʩʵЧĹתۣȥ
һ˶һоԼһɬ·Ҫˮʳһ㡣
ҶЦ¾һɱһʱ˹ʵ飬ٰѺòֹͣ״̬ǿǴ
ңָоֻһ˲ʧˡ
˲ʱ֮ҶЦԼۿĶˡ
ֻ
ֻԼǰȻֳһ硣
ΧʩԼеʩ˿ȴŨŨƣһĳƲԼڴ˿̾˼һĹ
ҶЦһæ۷ŵУµɨԼ⣬ȴòһ˿ĳƲҲûˡ
аҶЦһ۷ţȴȻ֣ۿģԾ֮ǰһƬƲңòƻмʵӰԼߡ
ЩӰʣ˲ʵĸоΣһ߸ߵģһģһֵģһݵġ
ЩӰûо쵽ҶЦĴڣȥƺæµʲô
֪أһƮӰȫʧˣͲһ㡭
ҶЦһëȻæٴν۷š
۵ʲôã
ҶЦһգǿܹĴڣôĲԼԼôôһаŹ
ʶԼļƤҶЦЦ
ۣôһ
ⲻ԰ɣ
Լ񹦵Ը£ȫȫͷβ£
ʵһҶٰԾԺҲֻŻԼ۵ġۡˡ
֪֮еġۡܿʲô
ǣԭʼĺ汾ʹҶЦ㷵飬ٶתķԼۣʼоǻһ£۵ĹֻҪ۾ܵĸоһһҪĳ嶯
ָоδü𣬾ͱҶԼǿϨˡ
ΪģֻΪҶЦ˼ѾĿɿڴ嶯֣ﻹʲôĳ嶯
ǰһɫŮõĴ߳¾Ȼһ˿ңÿһ߶ǰġͻһ¡
ĿˣĶǣɢƮƮɡ
һʱ䣬ҶЦĲ֪ôԼ澰˼£Լ֪Լʲô˼ʲô
ƫƫλŮأһĴിúޱȵĴ۾Լ̺һİ⡭
ҶЦĿɿڴעǰƥֻûѪҺܿƵͳͷ
ǿģۿžҪ쮳ѪѪȪӿ


319 զ·
ҵģʲôողŽӿȪľҪѪӿȪô
ȴǱ߳һ۾ͿǺǵĵ۾Լȫע۾۾Ҫˣɵһ죬һϲЦ磬㿴ʲô
ȻݺһҶЦγѣǺǵ˵㡭߳ô·
һʶؿԼϣɻ̧ͷ˵Ц硭Ҵ밡в·˵
ϲ
˿̵ıѾָʮŮǣԼԼ뵽ԭЦôңȴҲ·ӡߣЦǵͽһåˡ
ҶЦһ㶣ٶĿȥԾĿһƬƬѩףź΢΢
һεľĶǣĪĳĳ嶯ٶȲ
ҶЦĵ㻹һ֪죬Ͻ۾غڣѹ³嶯۵Ĺٴοȥ֮ʱȴǰı°ȹ񾲣ʵվţϹųЦݣ˸ϲĹâ
һȹ룡
в·ˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷ񼣬ĵѵǴ
һۣűʱһ˶վԼǰ˺֡
ξ
ȷʵΪҶЦٶŹ֣ǰһ
һĳЩÿÿģȻĲˣ
ĳ˸ղѹµĳ嶯ٶȲ޴ˡ
ۣ
ҶЦ͵һͷϽ۾ٵ˹ȴעѪӱ桰ۡð˳ֱʣƬ̺󣬲ЪתΪ
òơɶֻ˵Ǳ֮
ҶЦʱöҪ
Ǳˣ
ΪˣûôǱ
⼸զˣѪܲкˣ
ģǱʲôƨۺģˣۺˣۼһˣ
۹һ˲ĳ
Ц磬Ѫˣ㲻Ҫɡһ
Ͻͳ־ҶЦѪһϸĵظҶЦãһǵ˵Ц磬ıôѪɶëɣҪȥ򣬿ɲܻ伲ҽôѪǺá
ĴĹػ֮£ҶЦʱо޵ݡ
СѾͷѧＸ찡伲ҽˣҸ˵أǸ˵أ
ôشأ
֮Ƕˡ
ҶЦűӣֵĿԼ˵ˡ
Ѱ˼ֻоЩɥҪޡ
Ǻųơһذأ˼̬ݺ硯ۣҶЦ쳤̾ﵽ˼ҪײǽĵزôǺεȵĿӵɿˡ
һֻܿ꣡һܿ͸Ů˵·ҶЦ̾Ϣ᣺һΪĹԭ˷˺þá˷ˣ˷ܲҪ˷ء
ֻǿ͸Ů˵·ҲͰˣҪ˵·һ͸ҶЦŻһ˲оתģôĵ飬ҿǧģ
ѹҵ⹦ʱһԭˣԤװҶЦǸоԼᾹҪҲ޲ˡ
ԭʱ޵еȼ֮
ҶЦ̾
۵Ĺ׽֮࣬һʱ侹ɺ
ٵĹȻһľ顭
ͷô
Ǻοա
һ㣬¡ּڡĵҶЦһθϰ۵ĹҪȷⶫûõĻô׼֮֮߸ˡ
Ů˵·ʲôҪ뿴Ů˵壬˴󷽷Ŀ
ֻڶԷ֪֮ռˣԼҲȥһء
ѾĪϣ
һ׶Σķ仰ҶЦֻоЩͷ
ķӦþӵġ·
·ǾǸ֮ϵĵһ
һڶ׶Σǿ㣬ֱﱾʡ
ҶЦ˼ףʲôǱʣ
ʲôأ
ҶѾ˾ġ
׹Ҫģ֮˵ʲôʱͻдá
ֻǣɵһԲľ磬ֻǿŮ·Ļ
֮߸
׳⣡
ҶЦǰӲҪרմŮ˱˵Ĺ
ˣҪе޵ģ
ҶЦд⣬ſʼԼ壬빦ΪҶЦԤ㵱УλȻм棬ֻʱ֪浽жˣ
˹ӣһҪȻҶЦĳԣҲһС
ҵĸԹԣʲô


320 Ϊ
ȻҶЦ͹ƵΪһκͻȻǰŨ̶ҲǰδУԼڽ֮֮󣬱Ȼõĺô
ȴû뵽ôȻô޴
ֱϵשһȫԼСȫ콵ƣ
ȾԼľȻ˼΢ı仯էԭھ޶£Ҳɫ֮ԵļһЩѡ
ӵ΢ɫ仯ֻǱ̽⣬벻ῴʲôߡ
ҶЦԼȴ֪ԼȻĳı仯
Ǳ׷б仯֮ʣȻھɫ򣬾Ϊ֮Ȼһ˿˿ɫ̺Уޣʵʵ顣
ҶЦ˲ʱжϳ̺ھ֮еɫȻԼйأ³ŵһֻһ֮е䡱һñȴǰ˲ٶȣ˲ʱ㱼ӿȫκһʺ˹Ĳλ
⶯棡
Դ˱仯ҶЦпǺЩϲ
־籾ҪΪԪ߲ܴﵽĲΣѵڵԼȻѾͻԪô
ϸ˹鿴һ£ȴһʧ
ԼΪڻǴԪƷȻдȵľѾȻֽ쵽ͻƷĵزĪ˵ǴԪԪ۷ζ൱һ·Ҫߡ
Լľ˸֮󣬹ȻӵͣӵܹٵйҲܹԼֵܹ˵ĹƣٶҲ
֮⣬ȴҲûʲôԵĽ
ҶЦĵڻϲ֮࣬ȴмʧ
ֻǣҶЦڵ˵ȥ֮е߶ҪݺݵһĭôĻӽ죿㾿Ҫο죿㣡
ֻһʱ䣬ѾľͻһƷ
Ʒͻ֮󣬾õҪ൱ʱѪ޲ľȻûκ٣ĵԡ
ľϸͻһ󾳽磡
㻹ǰ
ֱǡֱˣ
⻹һű湦
ҶЦ߲֪۵칦ڱ˵УһſѰ˫ľ
ôõĶȴҶٲô£ʱ֮֮ܽ߸󡭡
ģǲܱȽϵģ
һϸһ룬۴ֻһЩʲôôĹЧôľްɡʱҶЦһץſӣһֶ룬ĿȫȻûнڿš
ҶЦĹŹ״ξͱĿŹֵעţĪ
ֻҶЦһ⡭Źͷ͵ߣȻһҧȥһҧȥĿ⡭
֨֨ꡭ
ͷ÷飬һ첱ȥȻĿԾȫȻûнٴμһ⣬͵ߡ֨֨ꡭ
ξĿɿڴ԰ԡ
ξֻоëȻһƬ⣬ӱ
˵ЦЦôԷģͷȫˣȻΪǸ֣ǡҲûҪְ취ʾǿɣˣ˧ôξбʵ
ҶЦãȻ̧ͷ
ξ״ʱˣʲôСҪʲô벻ͨѵܳ극룿һٷܵСӶʱ䰡
ҶЦ
ξһͷߣĶˣСӵûУ
ҶЦţԣԣ
ξŰۣ̾
Աߣ̲ס콿Ц
һֶһбŭ֮һĲɣ˼㱣ʻشԯޣ¿죡
ò˵һЦֱòɷ㿰ߵ
ξֱۣæƫͷȥа
ʱҶЦ͵ͣ¿ӣüΪ棬һ⣬ȷʵ벻ͨ
ξһʵʲô⣿˵˵ǰһ£
ҶЦüͷ˵˵ҪһͻȻһ۾Կ˿ĶӦôأ
ȻԼ벻ôۣȺȺҲأ
ξ֮ԱǣƨʲôСӿۣżȻһЩаŹѡҲֵóۣ䳤𽥵Լʧˣʲô
飬ϻǺƽġͨ˻ΪаˣããȻ֪Ӧԣ˵ʵûʲôϡġξмһ˵˵
һСټ֣ûʲôʶĸָ߰㽭ɽµζϵ
ҶЦһͷߣֻСۼôһô
ôأ仰ҶЦʳģߵıʡ


321 ¹
ôãξмһˣⲻһص󣬸ûɶôҿôܾԼԼҪű˶ܣΪܱŵߣûС
ξٺһЦĸ߲ǴʬɽѪģһǾһ˭ںЩ
ҶЦı⼸䣬ȴв֪α⣬Ϊ֮ǰЩʱΪ˵ԼȷʵŵˣۼߣѪ֮ˣһűẦһЩĹ֮ʵǰίʵ޴ӡ
˵㣬ҲǲµģξͻȻ۾һɣɤӽһɤӣ
Ȼһǲм֮ɫνŵˣӰɣŵôûаɣ
ԱߵıһУȻһ˸£пӡžһڵϣŰˡ
ò˵ξͻһɤӻǺܯ}˵Ρ
˵ֻʮСѾͷҶЦûһ㼦Ƥ񣻲ȴΪΪξһɤӱ
ĹҪ
һͷҶЦأڲѡҶЦæסĽֵصξһۣ壬ǲôˣһɤӣʵëȻ
ξһɫȿȡҵĲǣغﻹиСѾͷѾͷǸ岻ǹġ
ԴҶЦ΢΢ͷʾ⡣һ˫ۻǽıסҶЦţȻں¡
ξòЩ˼ɿûһ˵꣬ȥǻŵʱֺγ¹һһȫ緭ˣ˻򣿡
˵˵ţȻֱ׳ѾͷҲЦһʱգЦЦ˵ܿ죬ػĵС治СѾͷںʲô
أԲҰС˵ҡңµġǹˡ
ҶЦĵװΣȴǿʵֶ֤ܹ黹ôģֻдƣãֻҪҵȷӦֶΣӦõķ򣡡
ξһʲôӦ÷ʼֻǵиƨãѵ㻹ܾΪáףЦЦ⵽ɶ˼ŷ˵Ѳ㾹ɣ˵СӾȻܹЩ
һУ״ĿҶЦԼΨĳ˵ԼܿЩԼθҿ
ҶЦһߣȴ֪ǰƲֱ˵û׼Ҫˣ㾡Ҳ²⣬˵ˣ㿴ҳģֵ᲻֪Ҳ˵ֻСϳ֣㿴һСô
ξȻ⻰˵õҲСҲûǸҪǵ˸ʮ߻пܡ
ξȷҶЦ˵ؿڣأһ¡
ʵ˵ҸоãþһǴҶЦ˼ţ˵ͻһȻξĳ仰òƺá
壬ղ˵ʲôҶЦæ׷ʡ
˵ɶξ۾
ղ˵ʲôţҶЦʡ
˵ʲôˣ˵СҲû񣡾ɣξȷķʵ
ǲǡһ棿ҶЦ
Ҹ˵ʲôˣ롭ξһգҸղ˵ʲô
ҶЦţ޲ðǿξӰ
¶ͷӵ˵šղ廹˵ֻǿʲôãֲܾǡǲһ仰
ԣ䣬䣡ҶЦԵʱȻЦ͵סǴƵϺݺݵһڣġһԼĻ쳣Цұ仰
ȻϮоԼһ༸ֹͣɬһɴཫԼߺĳ˵Ļ
ξĵ˵Ȼŷռˡţ仰ʲô˲ˣ
Ȼ˼ǰĲţ£
ξ߶߶վﳤȥˣ˼ԱˣǸϽˡûԱҲĵñˣٲߣҲͶˣһһ˼֮ףǽʡһĺá
Ȼô˲ʱʧӰ١
ҶЦǳ鴤һ£ʱֵȻܹѵԼѧˣʲôһһ˼֮ףⶼĸİҪͣ뻹Ǿˡ
òƽͲ
űҶЦв뵽оЩ飬ͱһ˵ûʲôԵĽ飬ҪٸҶѧྣˣˡ


322 Ҫ
ЦҲһġҶЦ˵
ʲôС칾ţ˻ɬ֮Уλز
˵ǹ꣬ûпܾΪأҶЦʵ
һУЦ磬Ҫ˵Щ£Ҫ֣㡭
һٶȱòҰײҰˡ
ҶЦвһ֣벻ѾͷȻ
лЦһ£Ͻ
ȿȣ˵һ䣬ǽ飬ҶЦԺġȿȣ൱Ч
úãЦ粻˵ˡҶЦ۾һתһ⡣
أ̧֣ͷ¶۾ʲô飿
ΨҶЦٺԼʲôɶһʱҪԼ׼
ҶЦȻʧЦһ۾ܹ
˵ͣһ¡
ʱףǻţԼܿմҲҿˡƺԼĳֿ
ΪĳҪ˵
ҶЦۼɣЦһǣ۾ܹ͸һ˵·˵ʲôã
Զת˻⣬תΪ͸һ˵·ôʲôΣ롭
һ߿죬һü˼
һ˵ܹ͸һ˵·ȻܿʲôĶǮʲôʲôþߣõķ桭
һ˼һ߷˵ҶЦ֮ȴǲɵǰһ
Ѿͷ˼뵽鷽ȻԼĲͬСѾͷ˼򣬹ȻǴ;ģȴԼ뵽ľޡֻǡĵġ
أҶЦæѡ
Щܿʲôأڰ׷ƯŬת˼˵ǵܿ͸һ˵·ҲͿܿ͸Ķ˵͸ɴʲôɴ᣻ûкʵ·أС֪ܲܿ͸ǽأǽڿ϶Ҫ·ģ׿͸ҲаɣǽҲܿ͸ûбǽڸĶأأܲܿ͸µ£Ųܿ͸ɡ
˵ʣȻźǣҶЦ۾ȴԽԽ
ñôһ˵ҶЦʱоԼ۹ĿӦ÷˵Ĺ㷺
ʵҲֲҶЦ벻ʵǸղšҶЦһʩչۣ͸ľƫƫǱ·һۼ͸Ѫš޾塣
Ժл֮ȥķҲȻȻһʹӡ塢·ȥˡȣ˵ͨͯл֣Ҷǽϡ
Ϊ
Σ
ڣҶЦ˼ȻȻת˲ʱ뵽˽һӦõķ򣺡ǱƲķʵĻ߻ܹصİⱻ˰Ŀܡ⻹һѵ
һ뵽Ȼ뵽ԼͷǲķɵҶЦҲȻһӡ
ԼԸװ˾δزˣԼȻʵĸ֣ǿߣȴʼջ㲻ö⣡
ﲻĳһ޵еĵز
ֻҪһµԼĴһļһǸʲôӣεǱ
ôԼԼͬʱ򡭡
ָʲôӣ
һæңǾⲻ˵ġ
Ǹǿɱأϴи죬أ
Լܲȫأ
ҶЦȻӾߣȴҲұ֤
ǣǰ֪ԼЩأǰ֪ԼҪأ
ôһ룬ҶЦʱ䣬ëȻ
ΪĻҪƾͼԼأʵһҪ̫׵飡
ڿ壬ǹϵԼȫһһĴ£
ֻҪԼڵ˵λãǶıˣ
ҶЦͷ
ۣǼôģȥòͦϧˡԼ֮ȻȻѾӵ˵һ
òô
ҶЦգ۾˵
ķôɵ˵Ҳ֪ν͸ӵļǴƵĻ֪Ƿܹ͸أ˵ļ·ĻƺҲ˵ͨǵܹ͸ˣ˲ʣһ۾ܿôȻǸ͸ĴﵽǸزУŲаɣôô
ҶЦԻȻһ

˵Ĳֱ̫ˣ
Ȼųƿ£ܹ͸ڲΪӦ֮壬Ҳǡܹۣ֮֮޷һֱȫ˵ͨ
˵ʵĻͱ̫Ҫˣ
ҪҶЦȻĶĵز


323 ӽѿ
뵽ξδİˣ뵽˸Ҷδİˣ뵽δĹܽ뵽޾Ѫɱ
㿰컯ʵκ˶
ԼҵõһִԣҪ֮֮߸νһҶĿģǣ
ҶЦһٶķĿ۽עڱ塣
۾ٸܹһϤо֮ǰֳһǰ͹̵壬ʤա
ۣ
ҶЦӳʮǿסӿıѪڱǰʹĿĿרĵĿŵܲܿ͸⣿
ȻĿڽε롭
ٹƬֱ̣ǰһɫ˸ȻѾ˼ƤڲѪҺʡ
ҶЦԤ棬רĵתķϣԸһ¥͸ڲ£ϧԸΥεģȴҲȥˡ
ҶЦһ۹ĵֻ׶ΡҾֻܿΣҲҹΪǳֻҪһʱ䣬Ϳް͸֮
ʱ򣬲İҲã׵Ҳգһеʹ͸֮ӭж⡣ԺĽɱսݺᣬԴó
ҶЦţ۾ԽԽеҲ֮ǡ
ԽԽãԼԭȫϵŹӽǶȵĲͬתһĴ
Ͼϣ֮䣬ֻԼһӵ浽
ˣȫ֪ġ
Լȫƾɱķռˡ
ţ뵽ķ棬ɵùЦ
Цݾ޾
Ϊһ̣֪뵽ˣһԼطꡭ
ȿȿȡ
ˡ
ҶоԼҪѪˡ
ģĵĲ£һ¶ǲԵΣ
ıȴĵضЦ磬˼ԼһɵЦɵһģ뵽ڵЦôôŹأеɫԵġ˿죬ߣȴֺϲ

ҶЦһʱ䣬ڼۣ̿Ȼ칦ЧãβϽһнһ棡
ǰǰ룬Ҷүȫûгš
˵ҶЦΪѵõͣ£
ȴ֪ǣ棬ǰӿ׳

һڵõ֮ͳö鵤֮󣬵Ͼ͵ٻҹɫڻװ磬ҹ˳ţװӣһ·۵糸ϽǱ߸ȥ
ȻҪЩ鵤ڵһʱ͵Լ
ԭ˵صеʱ򣬶˵˵ǣ֮ڣҺ֣
ǵȵɫһӰжû֣˾ʹӸֱ·ҲʲôԤޡ
һְɳ²֮ƶν֮ʣ˵ʱ򣬱ĵˣҲˡߴ˲ʲôʱߣڷգԣ粻˳١
Ծʲô׼ˡ
ֱ·
٣
ȵΪҪŻᶯ̵ʱѾ·;һˣ
ò˵һֵƯ֡
˵ˣ˵˳ڵһʱ˽ɱ֮ϧһֱ´һʵڲ˼Ź£˵ճ˵رҲҪֻ͵ġ
ϾôҪ飬ʼΪȣ˲£
ȴƫƫһôʵ飬֮
ȵ˳ڶעϽʱһѾȥ֮⡣ȵ˳һ֮ȷѾڽʱ򣬸Ѿǵˣ
ˣ˳Ҫݰţ˴ʱѾ뾩ǧ֮⣬Ҳ޳Ī
ȻǷɸ봫飬һչأҲѾˡ
µĽ˳Ϊŭ
ֱӽȥϽһ̽һٴһĸԵģһ˴ż˲ڸУȻʱŴֱ̽һȺ˵Ļɫ
Ǽ̽һɫͷѵȴֻԩ
Ǹ竵շ˵ҺȥͣԲȫʱ󽫾Ҳȷб׼жӣ֪Ȼɱ֮ƣ
ȵһнʱ̣˷ڷʱȻʲôҲˡ
˭õһоٵ竴٣ȻĻӵľϣ
ջɳ²ֵļı뻯̾Ϊֹ
޼˵µʱ಻Ĭһ£˵һ仰ϣǴ֮ţУȻ֮ðһƸ֮ˣﱼۣη֮ࡣˡҲյˣѾ߱µǱʣ


324 ӻң
׿˵֮ʲ˵֮Ƿӿֹ
ȻѾһ䣬ٿŵ񵤣дǸһʱ侹Ȼȫû뿪Ϥ̾
һ㣬˭Ҳû뵽ġ
ԭʵҲܼӵֻΪһӼٿŵҾ֮˭Ҿˣ˭жٿţҶѾ֪
뿪Уû˷Ƹ¥ѹƣû򵽵ҪӵУѾ򵽵Ļӵи࣬ԾѾӵ㹻ȴҲҪֹ죬Ϊ棬ȻǸƾֶΡ
һЩȽǿѾʼ׼ǿȡᡣֻҪһĿ뿪ǣ뿪Χչɱ
ն£΢һЩһ񵤵˭ָ
ĽַΧ֮£塢ɡɵĸ֣糱ˮһ˷ӿ˳ǳǣԮ
Ȼϵ˵ѺŸ鱦ıǰôʵƷܲɸֻͣǽڣǲ֣ҹϸʾЩĿĲһ͵񵤻ؼҵ֮϶ĳȡ񵤵֮ͬʱֵ֮
֮һʱ䳽ʵ۹ľǷǵûΪĽƽӵķӿ
ĸֲӿ롭
ϣҺãల£̫ƽȻȴ˳ӿӿ
󳬼ںǳţٳǰǳǡ
Ȼ󳬼ûκն񣬷˰׹һĪ裬˵ɨءȴҲûоʹ˳ǳǡ
Ȼڳǳ̾ţôĸڸ
ôҪʲôƨɶó
Ƹ¥ȻţⲢžô۸ġ
෴һĽ˵ȻǸ߸ϣ
Ծǳţ
Ծӵвɺǿƣ
־ƣ˾㷲Σ
һʱ䣬ȻҲ͸Ӳ뿪ˡ
ӣڶʱڣȴǻǣƣȻû˵һάסһƽ⡣
ﶼƽ⣬άֲ˶á
һƣѪȷ硣
ʵ۹ʵ۱Ǳһ߰ٶھ޿еĲѹһӾûУڹǿǰĳʵٳʮսҲĵ
յĵտǰãʣΪ鱦дңһʶƵдˡʵһ󡯵֡
ɽ꣬鱦ϲЦտ
ȻٶǸʻʵ۱ӣ鱦ڡǳʱδϳʵ۹ȴǺи࣬ҶЦϵڣϰԣ߻Գʻȴδػ̫¡
鱦鲼½½зֲһȻڸ֮Ķֻ˵ĿֶѣιȻǵõ˳ʵ۹ĪøУȴֵͬͬʱ˳֮йңϸ϶˵ʵǵòʧ
ڻ˶ʧȥȻڸ֮ıǮ鱦֮ڳһˮ˵ʵ۹ǽһ鱦ĲĽ̲֮֯һͬԵе鱦Ҫһ߽ˣ
ȻַգȲ˵鱦볽ʵ۹ֽ׶ڣʱ䲻ֱַĿܣ鱦ӵеĲԼƸ¥֮临ԵĹϵΪ֮ɵҶЦԹѺ۵Ļ΢΢
ʵ۱ºƾ֣˻ĹģüʼֽˮһĻȥ
ݣƥɹɱ·ɽʿľãһõʡȵȵȵȡ
ٹ£ս಻Եı߹ؽʿ֪飬ҲһƬڡ
߽ƣľٹڵ£ڽ֧ŵ£ȻЩɫٲ֮ǰȫ򣬴̬ơ
ڱǱߣȻҶԴӻȥ֮ʹδ¶棬ȴһʵķ˻ᣬһټǰʱĿǰ꣬ԭû
ԭǵľڶʱڸ޷
ڣšҶ첻ڱӡԭҲֻ쳤̾ķˣս
ͽź
ȴ֪һ꣬һڰݳıֵҶ죬²ԭǵľӲһܹ
֪Ĳԭ̾Ϣȴ֪ⳡǰ꣬ʵʵڵľԭӵ
٣ʱôʹˡ


325 ɱƼ
ȻȣҶԵúˡ
òΪʶżȻӪһĪһټԭڣʮ֮ڣнϴĸɸս
ȴֱһǰ꣬սڵӳȥ
ҶȻôӳȥҲνģǵ۹ԵУָԼѸٻܱԭڣѸٻؾԮأ
ⳡ½Ŀǰ꣬Ӱ쵽ķֹأ棬սֲңʵ۹ԭǴھƵģ᧿ΣҲͬΪһ꣬ߵ˵Ľɽ֮£ҾӪ
ӵ״˫Ϣ٣ѰұˮǧƵʧٲӣһʱ䣬ս¾Ȼ˼˺սڡ
ߵĵзͳ˧ǼĻðɣǻð̣Ը½Ŀǰ֣ȴ޼ƿʩ޿κΡ
óʵ۹˴ϢĻᡣ
þƾôƽˣ
Ϊ£λ۹һսǧɽˡ
ʵǡ̫Ӧˡ
ۿžһԻ͵˼Ŀǰʤֿɵˣͻһһ㣬ѷĸꡭ
ѵ쾹Ҳھ˳ʵ۹
ò׵ȵɵֺҪʧսֿҪָ״̬ʱһԴݻ־ĿֲϢˡʵ۹Ȼƾն߰ڵľѣ
߰ٶ࡭ڣ
Ϣʾһʱͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ʿǵǼһս粽õĵز
ľʿֻݱ棻ǿ֮սϣԼһҪԶԶĸڶԷ
Ҫǣʿ˸ǵľӣһСģбԷһֱӳʿĿܣ
գҲǲðġ
ԣ֮ǰһ·սĶߵоȫר˲Է״̬
Ͻ
Ǳߵսϵɽ
۵Ҷǣ
Ҫսûսĳˡ
Ǻս֣Żӻûأȫسƿڡ
ƿڣеж˵ձ
ҪѪ
ԭܼ򵥣濪սپ־սͶǲʵ۹µĻսԣǴսϿ弸۹ΨˣϣӮսսۣڳʵ۹õ˸ߴ߰ڵĳ־ѣͬһصĴɽһóȻѾбľƸƫƣҵø涼е˶֪ȥôǾԺĲʵ۹ģ
Լҵĵ̫ˣûпɱԣ
еˣԼͬؽԹĿ׼鱦
ôģ
֮Ľս֮˥棬һССʲô£һСС鱦󣬾ȻҲ£Ĳͷˡ
ô޴鷳
ֱǸ˼㣡
ежԹıɱϣӴԵ˼֣
֮裬ʣռ˾Եϯ
ϰ壬ӵڶ
ԤԼв۹鱦߲㣬Ѱнֲڸص鱦ҵȻصķֲţʵֻһտǶѣˣҪԸص鱦йû˼
Ϊˣص鱦ֲȫԱ棬Ͼһտ鱦ֻһ˵߲ǭ¿޲鱦ֲȣɣ
ԣ鱦Ȼӡϳʵ۹ǩʵԹֵ̬ں½أأεΪۣ
߲ûжԵص鱦ֲ֣ȴŹ鱦һɸ߲㣬ɱһװ磬ѭŸ;ųǳҹ̶
Է֮衢ͷͻ죬׷׳ۣҧгݣҪɱˣ
۱ۺϼֵﵽһԴĿġĶǵĸ߶ȣ
ϧһдۣһնɱֵ˵۹һս˽ŭ𣺡֮ʬΣ壡
ɱ̲֮ͷ֮ޣսǧɽҧгݣɱ˶ˣϧһдۣ
۹۹۹֮УĹҲǶ鱦޵˹
ͻ죬նɱ֮裡
֮£׷ɱͣۼƣϵӣݣ
ֲɱͣ
ͣ۹ˣ۹еĹҲ˲룡
ҶڳǮ
Ҳ˵еͣۼһ𣬲˭ɱ˷֮裬ô½Ҫɱ֮ǮһУ
ھ޴˿ֲʹʹ֮£ɱ֣ͬӬŵ˴ζȺӺХ


326 ûˣ
֮ܶ
ڵĳʵ۹ǣһӿôˣһи·ϣ߸¡
ֱѾһ޴ĻҩͰ
֪ʲôʱ򣬻ʲôһСģ㽦һĻǣܽǳըȥ
ƣʵ۱ڶݵľϲ֮˸ӽǵͷ綷֮С
ڶĴ½֣ڻʹԺĻʵ۱£Ҳо̫ȫˣ
ôĽʲô¶
ÿ˯֮ǰҪһҵԴ벱ӻŰɣ糿𴲣Ȼһ¾ĺһµһˣģ޾Ȼţ
ֵ֪Ķһλ˵һʲôĥ
Ҫ˵ĳʻʵ۱ȻҲػ㣬һǾþսϻʵֺۣǲףǰΣ֮£Ҫļ٣ҹǣüͷӵĲˡ
ʲôʱ򣬵һʵ۾ȻҪСôĽʲô°
ôļֱبδ֮棡ʵ۱ºݺʵ۵ݶϣҲǧһˣҪ̵Σ

鱦棬⼸½ȡԸ͹ĸԴֱյ
Ҫ֪鱦Ϊ½ֿݻһ˵Կ˵ǺĴ󡢺еĴ
ǰʱ仹һΣ˵ܹɺܶܶĶˡ
ȻȻ׼֮ڣտҲĲֿ⣬ת۾ͱ͹أԸ
ƫƫɵǣһߣ޵ļöռȫˡ
Ӳɵǣһü첻ˣûڷŵõתĸԴֻܶڲֿԺ¶ڷš
ԵһĻˣΪ֮Ȼ
̫ϡˣôϡԴ඼ǸһԲɵõıŵ鱦ߣֿⶼô¶ڷţôĽʲô£
ǲƴ֣
԰ڣ
ĵԩ治԰ڣǲֿطãòôɰ
Ľͣ˾֮Աǣôģ⻹԰ڣ˵԰ô
ᣡ
ǡǿҪˡ
Щķ治˵ڳŵһ棬˵ġ
һʼֻǣôأ
ȻɴͿˣ
Ϊʶһ£Լһﻹͱһǰ޴ѣ
ѵĿ̶ֲȣʵʵǳܹܵļ޵ġǧ
ڣϰµʱ򣬵Ϳˣ޵ϡﻩӿȪҶүǰӳ
ӣĵûۡ
һһǧľ޺Ӻһƨڵĵغ޵ĳ˭
Ҫο䣬˵䣺ˮڡһءοĵĻ
һſһѷﺿޣһƤͬʱ˵תߡ
Բۣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ʵǵֵס޷Ǿһѣ˵㶼˼ǧô㣿
˵ˣԼĵ̣¸
ôҲֵɣ
ޱӣɴ಻Ųˣ
ޣ
Ŀްɣã
ˮܾܲС

ʱǳǵһǷ˴Сϱ˵ҴˣΨһСľ֮֡ӵܣ̫ǣһҲǴŲŲСĽаԽΪ
ǰЩһЩΪá뷨˿̸ͬʮ̨紵ɢһƨһʧӰ١
Щ˴ֻе֪֪֮뷨ǷǷ֮룬Ҳˡ
ڵЩˣһıݺһùѪͷôģʲôƨ⣬ֱҪĿ̫ӣӣ
ҲйٻӵܾС£޼ʱȴǱ쳣ĻԾ
ÿһ춼ų־Ĵ䣬ȫޱܼɡ
˵ֻһҹӣκ̫ע⵽ͬʱҲ̫ܼ޼ȴʱĹ۲죬Ļ߿һЩһ൱̶ȵĹ
һķ𽥵Ķ֮УЩ͢Ƶһ֪
־ı֣Ҳ޼ǰһ

⼸º˳ҲѰҷ֮䡣
˳ԣȻҪ÷֮辡ĽʦĹٽԼҲʱϽת۹Լں½һʱΪԼĹҳһЩΪԼһЩ顭
֮󣬷֮Ȼ֪٣ͺէȻ˼һ㣬׵׵Ϣȫ粻ˡ


327 㣡
˳ҧ֮ʱĵ𣬿Լôĵ鱦һ½ľ˲ʱתʤƽת˶Գʵ۹ĵжԷжԷ۹Ϊ۹˳˼ļ٣ûôģ
һλ˱ȴһ񾲵ĵȴ˿ꡣȻıҲţλܹٶȵܹԼǰ
Լ֪εĸԴΪԼνġ٣

ڶڳﱸţĵȴҲš
ǺһǣѰ־·ƵķƸ¥⼸ͣúܣ޶ȫκΪ
ڴ½սҲûôע
Щϵ־Ȼ˻
˶ɶͷԣĲ֪λ׹Ӻ«ʲôҩ
ǧഫֻҪǷƸ¥ֽ˴½֣ȻһݿһĻĿ⣡
ȻΣĿǳʵ۹ʵ۹Σ֮УһıʣΣֳתƸ¥ҲǰδеַӦ
ζʲô
ʲôˣʲôƸ¥׹ѡأ
һƬ֮С
֦Ҷ紵ֱһ㷭̬Ȼ
׹ƽһһĶϣעǰ񺣣һƬЦݣƺ²ġ
һ仰Ҳû˵ƺȻɽֶڳһ塣
һ壬һϢ
Ҳȥʲô´£Ƹ꣬ǣںرһ̣ҲԺ֮С
һ£ƵߣԼȫȫȫȫǰ̾ŴȻĶ͡
һƮݰӰƮƮشҶƮ˽һ۱㿴׹ڳǰľɫӰţĵվߣԲһţš
˵ľһ̣ȻֻǶ̶̵һɲǣȴﵽһϵĲΡ
紵֣ȻһƬ׵֦Ҷ죬˵һΧ֮С
ã׹ЦЦڵľֽһο
ģƶֻ֮Եɺϣ˹죬ǿƳͷҵĺƬ̣һǷڽơȴҲΪһ˲ңľͻơ
׹ӵЦЦΪһ˲תʵ֪ôԸʵ̫ˡʣƣҲγһķΧ˵Ȼ߽ݺ£ȴǱҲʣϢʺһŮˣŮӣȴʺ㡣
˵ʺϷƸ¥㣡
Ӧ
ԣҪı䣻ԱͲϲսϲѪȱԣÿһεĸһ֮󣬶Ҫһ¿ʼĹ̡Ȼ򣬶ֻҪһȴһǿתĲʱˡ
ΥԱĵһ򡣡
㲻ϲ
ʣһֱҲûиı
׹ӳ³һɫתΪͣͱĶԣĺϲᣬΪӢ֮ģŮ֮ᣬá赺ϣһֶνġҹ顯ԵĸоΧĺʣܿġ
ϲַΧ
ҵΪȫָôݺ£۲񷣬ܹеģһҲûжˣʱȻǿԾˮңҲֻܡ
ڡȴС
׹ס֣Ȼָı䣬㲻ԸҲԸڵ£ȴҲֻʱίˡ
һůӿ῿ڰ׹ϣҸ˵Ӳ˵ʲôίһҲίҲԸΪ˹κθı䡣ܹڹߣѾ㣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ӷģΪ˹ӵĴƣʲôӵĸı䣬ĸԸġ
׹һֻ֣ס㡣
ֵͣͣҲҡ
ᡰˢһ˳ӡͻȻŤתӣһеĽԼĺ촽ӡ˰׹ӵĴϡ
ã˲ŷֿ
׹һƽˮĿ״Գ΢Щ죬ȴԵٷ磬ΣĿ⿴ǰľɫ㿴ϲģӣϲģǷСССѩСҶ׷ɡ
һƣڴѩʱ򣬿죻죬һ裬֣ӡ


328 ɱĶ࣡
ؿϣĿ⼫룬ɫ˵
ÿһΣӣҾ룬֮棬ʵݣ
׹ӵ˵㿴Щӣȫһ޷ֱÿһ꣬Ҳ̬ͬϸȥÿһ꣬иԵķɣͬ
ÿһÿһƬҶӵиԵԵķɣԲͬէȥƺһϸ۲֮£ȴַȫġ
ƺÿһӣиԵÿһƬҶҲиԵ
׹ӵ˵ţһϸϸ֦Ρ
ÿοЩҾ룬֮棬Ǻεȵɶ칤ֻǰһƬ֣жҶôϣжҶȴûκƬҶȫһġôָεô಻ͬҶ޼ΰ
׹ӻ˵
𽥵ģҲһĹʡǺעǰ֣ȻܹóÿһƬҶĲͬԽ۾ԽһԴĵףȴĸоڻ㱼ġ
Ƭ֣Ҳ뵽Ƭ½ϣߣǿ֮£жٲͬģһֲÿһ֣вͬÿһ꣬ɫÿһƬҶӣͬ
׹Ȼ˵ţĿԶ
ȻҾ뵽ˡ
ˣ
׹һϣͻȻ˿
ˣϣǿ֮£жٲͬˣÿһˣǲһģÿһ飬Ҳȫǲһģûκ˵켣ȫһ
׹˵ԣЩˣ񲻾ͬЩҶÿһӣпһһҡһƬ½
ࡣ
ÿһ𣬻ÿһ괺ĿҶأȻֺųƲҶֲÿ괺쵽ѿʱ̫̫֦ҶȻأѿ䣡
ͺǽɽв˳һ˻ˡ
¾ɽ棬ô飬ȴô顣
ȴ޿κΡڱС
׹ӱǰ֣ȻƸ꣬ǴԼ֪Ҿȫںġ
ͺǰƬ֣ЩҶΣȻء
׹ӽε֦ˢһ˳ȥ
û
֦Ȼ֮С

һƬƬҶʹ֦ͷϵ
ɢһء
һ紵ƬҡҷţһƬ֪ж֦Ҷ֦ͷϵ
׹ӾؿţʵƬ̼ҶҴöࣿǷ紵ĸࣿ
仰ƺԼƺƺʲ졣
ĿţʶĻشǷ紵ĸࡣ
˵ͻȻһ
ֱ˿̣˰׹ӵҪ˵ʲôҪģʲô
׹΢΢𣬵ЦȷʵǷ紵ĸࡣ
̧ͷͷգ˵㣬ɱ࣡
ƽ֮УȴһֱԹ

ڰ׹˵仰֮ͻȻ֡ꡱһ죡
һ̣һͻı죬ͺͻȻѣ
һף
ʵ
һ׵磬޾ߴȻ£Ƭ½һ˲䣬ûκпէֵ磡
ˣΪߵͣΣֻǻԵɺϣһʱĿäԵһ
Ȼһ죬ȴ½
ǵ磬һţ˲ʱʧӰ١
Ծգ
ƺȫ״ߣ
ȻС
׹ɫԾɲ䣬ؿԼǰһ
һѺۣ
һ֪֪೤Ѻۣһ·ӳȥ
ΧһƬɿݹѵĺۼͬһ㣬ӡ
˾Ĺ죬ֲ
׹ӾؿţȻ˱ʣɫ˿䣬ǡڴʱͷϵļƷ˿Ȼ䣬һɢ䣬סֻٶؿڵɱĶ࣡
ͬڰ׹ӵĵȻ޲ɫҰףȻǾδֻһҪ˵ϡ
࿹
۵ĶͷϣһƬϸ亹
׹һͻȻһ˵⼸ǧԹҳܵѣҾŴεǴֻ㷢һЩԼȻһף
ôôĻԹȴָΡ¾𣿣
׹ӺǺǵЦ
˰ˣҲйֻǡǽ⼸ǧԹһɾ
οΪİã
£ǿ߳壻Ƹ꣬߸£𣬱㽫쳾ڼҲգ


329 죿
ȻתͷʵҪô
δָܻѾ·ϡ
š׹ӳĿǰָͷַɣֱ֮󣬲ʵǳ֮ڣˣ
һƬƽ˵ƽȴɽ籩ǰס
ѹһѹգѹԽԽá׹˵
ǣϣҾȥŵڣٸʩѹ衣侲˵
ų׷衣ȴֲҷڷƸ¥ϡƵ̫ݡ׹򣬷ѹˡ
ǣʡáͷ
ȵѹֵͶˡٲҪѹʱ򡭡ʱҲӦûˡ
׹ĿԽԽǳˣ⳽ǳǵѹճ˰ɡ
ͷǡҿĻùʧ
׹Цˣǡô꣬ˣδʧ
̧ͷԶƺսֵķĳ˵߸£δؾֻһ·
Ƿ֮Ұæֺγæ˭ڰ˭Ҳ˵úܣ׹ӵЦţĿ¶ķ񣺡޷Կţôұ㽫ƾͼƣˣزصˣȫ⳽ǳ֮У¸֣ϤۼôһССĳǳǣȴܹЩ˵ڣ
˵ţһɳ֮⣬ǰ赭дȴ£ģЦ񵤣ȻǺôͷǺǡ

𶯡
һֱףΪιҪأڲ֪үȻڵ֮ǰҪʱ򣬾Ԥ˽ʱյơ
ڣտĴѹţҲΪֽ档
һж簴ͰҲƵİչүڽУȫûκһ˿һƫ
еʱ㾡ͬʱκһҲ뿪ǳǡ
ҪȫͱҪǨƹипܻ͵Լȫƽؼҡǰ׹Ҫģľ棡
ֻۼ㹻ĸ֣һ¼Ļǲǡ춯һЧ
ʱ򣬲Ҫ˵ֻһʵ۹ľǣ
۹ľȫе½Ľ˵ĸҲ޼£

ο鱦һνежĳޣЩɱҲڸ
Ϊⳡļ±ϼͣ
һҿʼĻݱ־棬ȴκҲ޷ġ
һǰȴǿԤģ
Źү˼Ƶ΢Цӣء¼䣬ҲֻйүܹԤϵ⼴ķҰɣ
죡׹Ӿ˵

ҶҴԺ
ҶЦڽһֵֻоԼΪ񹦶ܣѾȻｫҪӿϢĵز۵ĹҲԶ׼ģһǧȴҲн
ҶЦչʼ⼸òƸǷµ鱦ĶӦõˣҪȥˡ
뵽Ԥ֮еǶѻɽĵرҶһ˫۾˽ɽ״
Σ϶һδջ
Ѿע޿ɵģ
ߣϥ΢˫ĿɫϣһƬտȻɫ
ҶЦЩʵĿš
ѾͷҲ̫˰ɣһżʱ䰡ԵɵƾҡողŽҲһµĹȻѾˣ
ĿǰѾԪƷϽ׵ĲΣ
ʣһûŮ˵ֱĽȣ
κε˵ӣģ
ҶЦĵЩ̾ϢӵʣѾͷôЩžȻͬϹ۾һ㿴
ҲΪäŻձԼ
ǡϵڱԼͷϣֱӽԼ
Լľ¶ȥ
ã
̫ˬˣ
űڷܵڷܵѧϰҶЦвһͷҪ˫ȫһŮ
˼Ψһӣ
ʫʸ踳黭Ӱټңԣ
ߺߡϣעҪһȫŵģ
ҶЦİٱ
Ȼͺܰ˳ȥ
鱦ЩĵرԼȥգµĹ٣Ҫȥ
СΪˣ漼ĽϼĻ쵰ǣһֱԼҲҪһˡ
һһھͶھǡ
̫Ӹǹġ
ҶЦڿǣҪҪȥһʾأ


330 Цӳ
ֻǸող߳ţҶЦ͸оһΧ
ҶǰĽֵϣһֻ߳ʮľ룬ȻѸо֯ţֵݺȥνӿ
ͨ˵۹⣬ֵϵֵҲѰ죬˶ԣֽȸУԼӵĸоȴÿһ߹ġܹ֪̽ëȻձٴУ
ָоĸӦԽ߽鱦ķ򣬸ӦԽŨҡ
Ƭ̣ҶЦڲòͣס˽Ų
˼
ô鱦Ȼһ㣿Ϊʲô
ҶЦ鱦Ľ͸תƵ򵽵񵤵ϣ鱦ɾӣ˳µĳΪעĿհ
죬Ƹ¥ƶ֮׹ӱˣ鱦󱧳ֵ̬ȶ棬νɮ濴棬ôҲٽעе鱦ߣ
ҶЦһʱ˼⣬Ȼͻһüͷһ壬ƺʲô
ȻٶǰС
תת֮ٶȴһ൱ν䴦߳ҶӣòѾת˷ݲȵ߳ȥٹ˼䣬ȻʧӰ
һСꡣ
һҾӪµĲ÷̡
һĿȻ壻ֻһۻ軨İ׷ͷΡΡǰĵȴſ˵ĵ
żǰһҲ˼ӵ⣬ͷȻ״㣻ֻͣҪԺȲвͰֲ跹ӣȴҲûʲôҪˡ
κҲ벻÷̵ȻһССҡ
˿棬һ裬üͷ塣
Ȼص´нɵ΢ô
ҶЦҽڵĳһ£ԭƽ޼ĵذ壬ȻϢسһڣӰȻ
ӡϥأҶЦʩ⡣
ҶЦɲͬĹ̶ȣίʵǵ˼¡
ԴҶЦշָ֮󣬳һΪͻͽ޳ɶؼʵ֮ǰѲͬնΪ¹ʱж̣δ̫չ֮⣬裬˵Ȼȫں½֮ϡ
ΪʵĽ֮⣬ҶЦսܸˣʱ޵ɱֶǲհȨ֮Ľѡ
ǺܶԵҶЦӣٷҶЦָԳ棬нֹԥû겻֮˵
ֵҶЦУֻɵڶǵһ
ھôһ£ôవӿһĿֱָ鱦ôγ̬ƣҶЦüʵ
ֹβŵԭԴһε
ҶЦһ۾ô£ϸ˵
ҶЦǰȻΪ׿ƾ֣˵ıƻ˵ȫͳȴԷǸк֣ҪȻҲһֱǹ¼ҹˣϸһ
ֽȻΪˣⷽû̫ĽڵȻѾȴֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
˵һɢȥĵ񵤣ĿίʵЩˣֲǿǿռԾļ۸񹺵ã񵤾ĳɽ۸񼫸ߣҲޣһնľ棬ԭ¶մɺճĲ󣬵õٵģҪõĶģҪסеģȴҪࡣЩûնģв֮±ĥ辶ıܿװȻá
ҶЦԲȻ£
ҶЦ벻ʵ̰ǣûõҪõõȴҪ࣬ҶЦԣ񵤹ȻϡȴδǶ˲õ£Ƕ˶ԣȴǶƣٶҲǲԵöģ˵Щûõ
̾˿οοһŵҲûеõۼ֮ĵƱػδֻ֣ҪʱգҡŵİλȻھǲ뿪ǲߣ˭ҲߣΪ˭ףֻҪһ˾ǣͻɱŵĽɱеһ˭ҲûԼܹùȥһӶӲȥ
Ϊ֮ƣֻеȴǰ֧Ԯǿʵ֮˼ɣɱݳɣҪ൱ۣòʧȨʧ֮£ѡ񡣡
⣬дԳޱߺޱʥĿǰҲѾ˳ǳǣȻû¶档ǴʵôԷڵȴʲôھڵȴʲôȻŵĿͬġ


331 ֵǮͷ
⣬鱦һȻǴһʷϵĴ棬Ӯ˳ʵ۹ľøУ˳ʵ۹߰ھ޿ӰԶĿǰ½۹ڿսǵվ˳һߣ߰ڣ۹ȻŭĿǰ۹ɱ֣ѾӵҪɱǶ졣
ʵ۹ǵķֱͣӽ鱦˷˼֮ϡ
ڣ֮УԭĽ֣Լ֮⼸һû뿪ǣԸ½Ϲĸ֣ҲѾ֮Ȼû꣬Żи֣½
ݹٷ鱨Լ鱨Ļͳƣ۹Ϲɱ֣ĿǰҲѾǧϣΪؽ͹ɱ֣Ӳ
ֽ׶ζԣ˵ʵ۹ǸеĻ鱦ȴѾǾԵУǸ˾ɱݣҲΪ
ڵĳǳǣѾһ޴ޱȣһҩӯĻҩͰȻƽһ롣
ղ˵Ǹ˾ɱӵ˵ЦĿǰ½ɱֻаϡǡеһЩǣȻԷ͵ͷǷ֮裬ûʲôͷ۹ڣ۹ͬڣ⣬۹Ĺ׷׿ңܽȥ࣬Ŀǰ˵ͣѾȴ˶ʮڵĸ߶ȣңòƻڳ֮Уÿʱỵ̈൱ͽ뵽棬֮Ǹɱ֣ƾͻҪˡ
仰ͽǰƽ˳
ҶЦգһ
ӵıֻҪƶѣôøսƵã
統ǰҾָ֣Ӧ
벻ҵͷȻôֵǮҲͱųʵ۹ı֣ΪԼĹҾĳǮôôôҶЦԼԴ૵ǺöǮԼҪȥͻˡ
ȻԶԣһʱ
ǵ֪Լͣ㲻ˡҲúܻţְܾɡ
λȻЩܸ˵ӣò治װء
治֪˵񾭵ôģȻôĴ
ʮڰиɱܹҵͷȥյôôǮôߣָզҶЦ˵üͷһƺΪǸΪѣΪӡ
ͷߡ
ԣΪ˲ôΪѣҵԴԼΪáҶЦһ˵
ҶЦ˼ʿȻ˵Цȴڿǵǰơ
ò˵һεľ棬ѾǶӵ൱ĵز
Ҳ벻ԼΪ˷ƶȻԼ鱦ƵôΣյλã
ţ԰Ϊ죬ȫµɱƼĿ֮裬Ψֲִ·رɱ֮ⶼ⣬֮С
ǣΪʲô鱦ᱻôأ
˵ͨһ鱦ѾûеˣûпɹĿˣҲǸҪģ֮е֮˶ΪԼ뷭Ƹ¥൱еĹ˫ͬ˹ϵ򣬰׹ӡƶ֮ڶôĲ棬Ϊ鱦ͷɮ濴棬ǿڷƸ¥ϣ㲻ô鱦ɣ
ǡ
ҶЦתͻȻһ˿򣬲һЦ
׹Ǹ쵰ӦȾѾһ㣬Ӫǰ棬ҪȻҲô׵ľʹӦԼðԼͷ󳬼ų
ʲôҲûõΪ¼ԭ㣬ӶڵĽҾ֡
˵׹ӵķƸ¥ûкУǿҶЦͷҲǲŵġ
оǣ׹Ӵ˿̶Ѿﰵ֪ڡǳ֮ĸ鱦뷭Ƹ¥ͬˣţ
򣬾޿ô޼ɵĿ鱦
ȻǸǧϺ꣡
ҶЦϣǵۣԼȻǰ׹ӵĶ֣ԼһҲǧ곬ıҵĶ֡
ô˿˭ܹǰ˹ӵľô
˵˭԰æ⣿
ҶЦ˼š˼š
Ǽһ⼸ѾʱܱˡԴϵĻ죬ȻҲڣ̾˵ѹʵе󡣡˵
ҶЦһΣδز֮϶ܼʣҲ»Ǻأ


332 һҹ٣
Цõѵùӻ˵Цֻµľ棬֪֮ʲôϣ
ҶЦվʲôϣǱˮڣ
ڡ
ͦػش̬Ȼ˿ԥš
Ҹղ˵ΣδزȫǿЦҲǵһᡣҶЦ˵㲻һֱµɱֲôڣ񲻾һ½Ķɱ֣ŵܹҵϺŵģһ£ȫ˰ɣΪԴ
һЦԷǣô׾ܽĶɱΪã̫ƽˡ
ͽ߼壬߱ɱ߼ǮۿԸ죬пô׾ʹɱתΪã
£ֻ벻ģȴûġ
ҶЦ˵ȻȥɣСע鱦ܱ߶ȱ֤Ըҵİȫǿǵ֮ںжҺǡ
ǡ
ҶЦ˵ʵ̫ţ̫гˡ
Ϊʱĵɶȥ
ʧڵصڣµĶ֮ʧҶЦŶʱ֮࣬ɴЦ
ģڵ취һ۵Ľɫôڻ֪Ҫȴ˸취أ
˼޼ƵҶһʱӵǣٲƽյĳȡ
ãţֻǳŵʱȻѾǷ֮ò
ڹԷ֮òһ·ϲʮΰ˴δɱǲǹ£
һֱȥ˳ڵԺӴſڣ͵ջָ˷ò
⼸죬û°ɣЩԥʵ
˳ҲĿ⸴ӵĿ
ʦͽˣ඼Ϣ֮ͨھ֮ڵȻ֪ȫ֪ʲô£֪֮Ҫܵѹ
ɶ£ںõúܣǲ֪һ׬һôҶЦЦЦһ¡ݲȣǿʼٰɣļҿܻæδܳʱǣ⼸ΪоӦʦĹ٣ˣ൱һʱ֮ڣйٷɵĿܡ
˳ĲǶۣʸ񵣵ı֮ˣֻҪϾæǰȻ˵࣬أҶЦһ޲ߣӦά衣
Ҷһɰ
ҶЦʲô飬ʱҪһŮ˰ˣοŮ˵ıĻԸ˴죬αǿѣǴɷ֮ӦΪ
ҶЦµ񲻽һ㡣
£ʦͽ֣ص
˳ʼ۹ڵǰ£ܹϼӽңѾڱԼˣôܷȥҶЦ
ʵ㲻˵˳ֻ˵£һΪԶں½м֮ϣֻҪ鱦󣬾Եʵѹ鱦ǵ˭˭Ⱥۺգ
ǣҲ֣ܳڵ£־ζҪ뷭Ƹ¥ΪУҲװ׹壬ǳ֮ΪУսԼҪҪƮƹ
ңվԼͽܵĶ档Լ֮Խ࣬ͽǱߵļ˹˾Խࡣ
һѽᡣ
ǣԮ֣ǵܰ˼ң˿ȴҪܶԷĶݡ
ָоȻǱôŤˡ

һҹһҹ˳ԺĻ¶Ȼעգ顣
һҹ¶ˮѽȫ͸ʪȴû˹
֮ľ֮У˳֪һеı󣬾ԾǷƸ¥ƲһС
мڴˣԼ֣㾡ȫҶЦҲ޼¡
ǲĨɱʵʵ
˳֪ڹȻǴе˭ҲȥܹǽڣȻܹŪȥȴܹŪԼıģ
Ϊûһ£Թȴһ£
ֻǣԼעԲԼȥжԹ
ͬǾõɣԼıҲ˵ͨ
ǣԲһڣֻǸ˵ǿѣ
ҹĻ
ֻԺһ䷿ӻŵơ
һһҹ
ҶЦⷿ߾Ϊ½١
ҶЦ˼Ϊ֮ǰȼ񹦸ǽ˵ڶײپ磬µĹ٣˵°빦ЧԶʤǰΡ
ʱ棬һ屶ֹ
ԭʮ˹ܹΪеֽȴֻһϣѾ˰˳ɹ٣
ֻڱڣ˿̾ҶЦˣΪ仯µɣٳҲġ
֮ʱ
ҶЦƣֵջԼ֡


333 Ȼ
һҹ
ҶЦû˿Ϣ
ڽԼִӱͬ֬ļϳʱҶЦзһΪĸо
ֻѹֹŹָо
վЩЧֻһΣϵʱ䣬ͿԽȫˡ
֮£УԽ󹦸֮ʱԽһñ๦ʱ̷ˣΣղӦǰ״̬ҹҶЦЦЦȥ
ֻ߳ͻȻһΣһתЩˤȥ
һҹ٣ȻҶЦĿǰΪһּص͸֧
֧ˣѳԽޣ˼ʾҲ֧Ųסˡ
ҶЦ˻Դ漴վΣű΢΢һЦˡ
һͻ˿żȡ
鸴״עȻˮ
֮ԽƴһΪԼˣһҹ֮ν㾡ȫ˼۵õ˾ٲάĵزȴΪΣ
Ϊһξ֮зƹ죬ǰ;Ī⣬Ǵ˷˼ⶥˣն£ǲǻܹţΪϣ·֮ԼҲܱ֤ɣ
ŻƴһΪԼ˰˳ϵĹ٣
һ᲻ϧ۵Ļµɹ٣ȻѾ
Ȼȫ˼ȻδԼĽͣԼģȻ֪ɱȡԳŵΪԼɹ١
ģʲôû˵
ȫֶҪԼæʱĴԼӦΨз֮ţԼл֮˳ɣȴû˵
һ֣ûᡣ
ȻȻ֮費˵ȴôװͿ֪أ
Ȼ֪ΣԼİ
Լ԰ȹѹأֻҪԼ֣ǰΣĲ̫ѽ飡
ǣԼҪԼͽأ
ȹѹأҲ͵ǰʵ۹ȹһΣ
ʵ۹ȹΣ͵ͬ۹أԼͽǱߣҪν
оǣͽԼǰƵĳͣɷƸ¥֣Լƾ֣ͬƸ¥ս׹սգԼҪҪƮƹ
ȴιȥ
ţԣһʱ顣
ȴ֮ѾϢĲˣĻ⣬漴ȥһһͷҲص˵죬һ
۹󳬼ŵľ£㡭Ļô
һìʹͻȻڵһȡ
ҶЦŲ֪ͣҪ˵ʲôҲ֪ҪʲôɲءһûЯͼҪңҲҪԼټ
֪һغѡ
Ҿˣ֮ôƴΪ٣ȷЩһⳡ粨֮С
Ƚ߾ȫΪ˹١
ΪˣһˣôӦԼΨһһýҲҪͬʱʧȥ
ġ
һЦأˣ
ҶЦУȻ
˵ҪңҶܣοȿڣܣ
ʼ˵λʱҶЦڷУ˵֡ټʱҶЦѾߵԺ
ǰɣǴλá
Ȼʱһˡ
˳
ټֻһҹ⾰˳ȴƺѾࡣ
¶ˮ͸ʪĿ⾹ЩɢҴ͡
˿̧̣ͷҶЦͻȻһ£ҧס˺촽һ̣Ŀĸӣ
ҶЦЦЦɵ˵ٻᡭ
ͬ⣬ȻﳤŶȥ
׷ıºأԴ˳ĸӡ

ҶЦ˼ȻߵӰ
»߳ȴͣסǰнŲԵøأǳصö࣬ˣһ˽ˡȻҲ˰֡
˳ЩȻ˵ˡʦôһô
һ𣬳ҪףҲǲģ
˳ĵɲǼ䰵һ£Ťͷȥ۵׵ʹĵףʦ·
һ㶣ʶĵͷȥ
ֻԼ·ûʰ룬ղģ֮輲뿪ǰźظ˳ȫȻûע⵽Ǳ
ɵһ죬ææ·ãŵΣǳʵ۹ʧˣ֮ȴһҪסģƸ¥Ŀֻ㸲Ǭǹĳһˣеķֱȴǡ
˳ĬĬĵ˵ͷһûлͷʦ˼ڽ磬͸ϻ۹ȥ
һţ
˳ҧ촽ɫףͳĲˡҪӱܡ
ҡһ֮УΨһһӱܡ
˳ĿľȻĿŴſڣһ
ֻΪǷ֮ʧķɡ


334 ìľ
˳ſڣ顣
ӽſʧ֮󣬲ٵſڣϡҲʧ˰ɣ
ţ˳ͻȻоһʹʹ顣
ʹʹɫ˲ɲ԰תΪ˲ҰףҲһһر۾ǰһС
ӱܡҲ飬૵ӱôҲá
˳յ۾Ȼ
֪ԼȻԾʲôġ
ʦҲѾһֵĸоҿó
ʦ˵Ҫ
֪ͬǽڣҪӹصĽڡ
Ҳܲ𴩣
Ӳ𴩡
Ҽʵ̫ˡ
ҲҲǧѷĻʧҸӲվĶ桭
ֻһ֮
ӱˣӱܵһʱһʱ
ˡһ˵Ҳǡʦˡ
ʦģһġ
˳̾ϢһתͷĿעű£ʦˡ
һ̣Ŀ⸴֮
ͽܵעӣжȻһ
ԼİĵӣԴӰԼΪʦһΣӵĿ⿴Լ
Ŀע֮£¾ȻĪظоһ˿š
ƺԼһС͵
֮͵ͽĳҪĶ
촽ţҪ˵ģҲʲô
ﻰģ
ǣȴû˵
Ϊ˵ˣ񲻾͵ڳʲô
ӵͬǾʹ˲֮
С
ţ
ûעǰͽȻת߿ˡ
»ʶԼ̽飬ȴ˳ķУʰҡСԼԼƺڿޣȴǿпƣ
һԵۡ
˳ʰװһµЦԼǵʱ򣬱ڻ̲ס˵ˣİɡ
˳ֵЦˣʦ˵ʲôʲôĵģ
һԼͽܵ۾ģչġκˣߣ
˳ϵЦһӲˣϺ˺죬漴òҰףҰֽ
˵ͷʦ֪ˣˡౣأ
һתͷôͷ˳ȥ
תۼ䣬ʧڴſڡ
Ψžһ΢졣
һᣬ˴ſڵżϡ
עͽµһʹ֮ᣬȫܹܵԼĵеʹìܡ
ң飡ǧɽ̡
ȻػңγûҵΣ
ҺҪһͨŮңΪҵİ飬ΪҵҸҲһУϧһдۡվܡ
Ϊˡ
˳
һ޼ɴ˼վ鷿ǰüë
ھǵľƣνǼ֮ǣȻϿˣƽ˾ָȴǰӿ֮ң˶Ϊ֮Ŀģεѡ
޼ɵȻ֮һ
һ粨ǵ汻¡ʵ۹׶֮ǾҪڲɱһѪɺӣĿ޼̾Ϣ
Ǿôսȹ̣ҲǴӴ˹ұҡ
⼸СĴָ㽭ɽƱ⣬ˡ
ʵ򣬴ĵ磬޼ɾͷ鲻Ծͷ
֤֮޼ɳԾط֣ڲ֪֮УΣתĳʵ۹˴֮£֪˱֮ǰսָϾΣ֮У
ⳡ֮𣬽ξۼڳʵ۹ڷƣûսɢԽԽӿ
ƺǳǵĵ£һĻɽ
ݱ侹Ȼ˲ƹ
תתֻ˵תתֻǽʵ۹ԭѾ᧿Σ̬ƣһĶˣǽһĶ񻯣Ϊͺƣ
޼ɿԶ϶һбһֻ֣¼ƶĿǰľƣֻ˵ֻ֣һһжƺã鱦֮£ٳǰĸΣ֣
Ū֮˵֮ȴڴ˴֮ǽһֶζŵ棬㲻ò֣òȥ֪ǰǻӣҪӻԼڵģ
鱦ڱУΪ鱦ĳԣǳʾٹ¶ּ£
ʵ۹ⳡ
ʵ۹˼ԵУսԶѷķΨд־սʤ㣬Ǵ־սҪǮģҪʴʵǮơ
ʡݡƥҩġЩͳͳҪǮ
žáʿЩͬҪǮ
ս̣ȼʹѰҲҪǮ


345 ʵ޼
ͬս̣ȼʹطڽʱ䲻Ͻɸ˰ҪҪǮ
֮һеһжҪǮʵ۹ҪǮǮ
ǣҪǮ
ܴϵô
ô
Ȼƫƫⲻܵ飬˿ܣ
鲼½ֲκε۹ٷǣĵһ鱦󣬳ϵֳ֧ʵ۹ὫĿǰʢճɽеĴ룬׸ʵ۹ӯ⣡
鱦ıսΣδ֪֮鱦ĲȴǴ½֮ڣ档
鱦һµɽ֣Ѿһ൱Ƶ֣ομе漰˵еĵ񵤣
ճɽ۸ؽ֣
ϣ鱦ⳡרջ֮ᣬǿǰĿš
սϽɸʵ۹߰ٸڣ
ʲƸϵְɣ
һʲԲǺ½κε۹а취ＯĲƸǺ½йʲô¶ң͹һǮҲδܴյ
һҪֽ
ȻκκĲƸô״յģ鱦Ϊеִ˵еĶΪ㣬ܹץסЩҵģĸԸǮ
ҪзƸ¥æ򳡣ߺȣⳡȻδؾȴһǰʽʢᣡ
ĲƸʵ۹ܹܾô
Բܣ֪Ǯ̫˻֣ȴԸ̣ҲҪţºˣҲҪȽ˵
ͬõĲƸ鱦Ϸô
ѾӪ㣬ڸջȻ֪ʹԼ뼫˲״֮Уͻô
ȻҲǷ񶨵ġ
Ϊʵ۹鱦ҪȻ֪Ī⣬ȴҪȥȻûзֵĿܡ
ǣԺ飬ȻȻ˳¡ڵľơ
ֻĻʹõıȫı֪ǰҪһ̤룬˲֣˹ı̾Ϊֵֹ
ǣεҲܷβ
ʵ۹˼ʣΣǰԼΪ񣬱һ
ֻǣʲô취ܹ⵱ǰأ
޼ɿŴ⣬̾˿ǲı˲Զϵ缺ȣĪΪܣԼа취ܹ⵱ǰΣ֣ȻԼȴִŪȥǰΣֵۺʵأ㣡
̾ͻȻҶá
ҶЦôˣ
޼һĿһ룬鷿
ּһ䣺ȥҵ鷿
޼֮ฮеĵλղͬնȻ޼ԼĶ鷿
ֻǣȴҶЦ޼״鷿棡
ʱˣȫ֪˴εĻ棬һ̱ʽĻ棬Ϊ˺δдصһʱī
࣬ȴӽ
ҶЦսʱ򣬿汻޼ɵġ鷿һ
⡭鷿
ҶЦ۹Բ
鷿ʮɣʮɣɸ£
ﻹ鷿һֿⰡ
鷿ݻ֮⣬ĵҲ鷿֮ƣĿľܣİ顣һ뵽òƾͬǽĺһ㣬ҶЦȻҲ̲סһΡ
˼֮е鼮Ƿű࣬ڷŵÿһ²㣬ڷźֽţ棬ȴ޼Ķ֮Ķĵá
ԭҸһĲֿ⡭үүһ鷿ұĲãĲֿҪ˹޼ЩεЦЦڿѧģﻹЩСˡʱ䣬һ¡
ݻģС
ҶЦһʱһȦ£ĿĹˣȴ鷿֮УĿ飬һȴΣΣ÷״ֲ˵鷿ڲͬ࣬ܶ࣬ôףõĹôҿҪôչȥʱģֻǶ鷿Ҳδعۡ
޼΢ЦϴͣЦҲҪĻĿռȡһ飬ҪƬ̣¼Σˣǿʡʱʡɣ࣬ҵ鷿ԼдĶ֮⣬ٲκ鼮ʱ鷿߱ͨ˵鷿ҪСһЩҲ˵
ҶЦһˡ
ԼʼղȫӳԷˣĵǸʱ޼ﻹҪڱ˵ѧϰʲôôһжԳϵ
ȻҲͲҪô鷿ˣֻ˵ǡ⡱ˡ


336 򵥣
Ȳ衣޼ɽһðĲˮҶЦǰ漴ҶЦֹȴ޾нȻҶЦһ𣬻ǺܷŵÿģڵңȻд£
ҶЦǰĵ״ݲȣһŵļһвһ㵡
޼͵֮ʱǺεȵǱ
ֻǱԼ仰ŵû겻ļһǰݴȣȻ۶ŵӣֹ֮
ʱǰǰһҲʱ⣬ô仯ô졢ôأ
ڵ޼ɣϸҶЦĸоȻǸλƸ¥İ׹Ӳ࣬һ׹ӡ
ҿڣǱࡣʿյĿ࿴˵ľˡҶЦû̸飬̾һ
Һб޼ɾ˵֮ǰҲˣҴСͶЩȤֻǰʱίʵЩ֣˶ѡ
ҶЦͷţ˼˵ʵһǸز¶ļһ֮ԻǾ֮ףǰװģǸ˵ĵʵıɫ
Ȼ޼ɵĳǸ֮Ҳһ㶣ЦԷǣ漴ȴɫһЦЦҼóȥǸʯ񣬻ɣ
ҶЦЦ쵰ʲôֻ֪װͿ
޼ɺһǶүүǧûĶԴû˺öطڷţʼղģȻһڳүүÿһǶ˼ԴǶ˼ţÿ죬Ҫϼˡ
ǶǺöãȻٺõĶǲܷЧãڼֻͽȻΣգֻǷڼֻ罫ͳȥ۲ҲĲˣܱ˼﷢಻÷顣޼ɺٺһЦȤʵǲҪⶫҲ취顭ʵ֤ⶫãô߾ǣһٶãζΪ
ҶЦĵ˻˵ȴмܹ㶼濴ÿ
޼¶һ˿ϺһЦݣϻĵʵҲ֤ҵ뷨ȷԴǶû֮󣬼ôʱһҲû
ҶЦȻ򣺡ԭˡ
Ƕֵʵ̫ף̫˳ˣԭྐྵˡ
ԼȻҪҲ޼ҪͳȥŻô˳
ôฮ֮еүİڼô׾͵Լ
衢ģ¼Ȼôɵƣҽ˵ɵƵʱʵɵƵĻ߾ԼҲ˵ҶЦЦá
Ūڹ֮Ǽˬ飬ǱŪڹ֮ͺܲˬˣ
ΪŪڹ֮䣬ʵȴǱŪڹ֮䣬ȴǲˬӲˬˬ
˵ûиˬģҲУͷ棬һ̯ԼǸΪŪڹ֮䣬ʵȴǱŪڹ֮ˣȻΨгˬ
ҶЦᣬ̬Цãӳᣡ
޼ɵЦˣôģ߰ǶΨй㣬ܷӳЧĸı䣬ֻ涼ԴǶɣ
ҶЦͷʾͬ
쾧˾߶֮컯֮ܣԪ֮Ȼ쾧ԣƵԪ֮Ԫ֮ͬʱԪ֮ʹܲ㣬˷ѭϢ
ʶ֮ˣȻὫ쾧Ũĵطɸ޶ȵԪ֮С
ةȻҲʶ֮ˣȴ֪쾧̣֪쾧Ȼ߶ԣͨ洦ȴޡ
ǷԽС쾧裬Ԫ֮࣬ܲǿԪö֮쾧;ƿݣҲͻˣ
ƫƫة쾧裬ĳ棬ԪȻ࣬ҪɵԪͬˣ󸮴֮УôɹɣȻ֮ҲԪ룬ฮϵˣԴڴˡ
޼Ȼ׸ԭίҲʶ쾧裬ȴȷһ㣬ԣֻһ֮ҶЦƫƫһͷײ˾Ҫ֮õ֣޼ɱ˳ˮأ֮˳ȥ
ͽԣίʵԴϲ
ǶҶЦ죬Ȼôǣ͸ԭί
㲻Ҫҡ޼ֹסĻ΢Цģġûаϵ˵ҲѾõҵĲ㹻ˣ
º͵ĿҶЦ˵ʵڵģûк㣬Ѿܸˡ
ҶЦۡ
쵰
Ȼһӵۣӻ۵棬ܻһźۣԼ˵ĺۡ


337 Թ
ܵôҲ޼ɱʱʲôӣܹǺѡ
֮ǰ£Ҳû˼ˡ
ʱȻңҸַҪҵ㣬ұ˴˱˴ˣֻҪǺѣֵܣǰĲҪ
ңİɡ޼˵ʲô£ȦӣʹЩ˵ɡ
ҶЦһ˵ı㡢С޻ĻˣûʲôȴΪھǵľơҪˣʶ֮УͷСΪֻˡ
ҶЦֱûд
ڣ˵۷棬ܹԼģǳǣһҲֻˡһ˳һ޼ɡ
˳ǱߣϰæҶЦҲáҲá
ãȻΪ˫졣
ãȴҶЦеİʹȻ
һЦ£ЦӢۣݺὭĳЮͼ飿
ʣµľһ޼ˡ
ڵҶЦȻûпˣ޼ӣȷġ
ڣ޼ɵͷ鱨ⷽԣܻҪ˳֮ϣ
ҶЦ֮ϵľ֮ף
ֽ񾩳ǵơ޼ɶʱˮʱݣ꣺ܹΣеսʵޣȴܹ֢ҩΣ֣ȻǧʼջҪ֮ǰΣ֮أֹǧȴ֮Ҳޣ֮κΣ
ҶЦ˵ս鲻㿼ǣֻҪƣƶԿеԲԣʣµȻȥ㲻زġ
仰˵ȻȻ¶һɾԵİգԵţԼĵ
޼꣬ĿҶЦΣ³һصã
ҶЦοЦˡ
ȴ޼ɽ˵˷Ȼ̸ֽձֻǶţ٣֮޼ҪһԽģ
ҶЦΪ֮ᣡ
쵰ô˵һԼĵĻ
̸ֽձҲˣţ˵˭أ˵أ
ţòһĵأ
Ҳݡ
޼һſһҶЦȴ֮еһҲûŹǻ쵰һаɳ²֣ǺơģŵĨˣǵޱΣ˹ȥڣ˵ߣȫڳǳǣеĽǿСһ·Ȼ޾գһ˳ע˵ġ
̾˿˵һбӦĪΣɱ֣Ī⣬ôͷһͰˣɵɵ
ǲɵɵһУȷʵƯҶЦͷ
޼ɡšһ漴վߵԼ֮λλõǰһҸˣϷͻȻˢһһŵͼ
ǳǳǵķλͼ޼˵˵ͼǵϲŸոɵģû뵽óǲ֪϶ó
ҶЦȥһȻأԻɢŵī֭㡣
棬ŷλۡȻнɸҵķֲλáơ
ڳǳǵľƣҾͲ׸ˡҶУ֮ܶأ޼˵һƬƽ˾ı֮£Ļɽ
㿴һƬǻʹؽ硣޼һϸϸİľָλãʹΧǸλ󳼵ĸۡฮʹλãҶһߡ
ҶǷפҲ󳼸ۡЩլ棬ڣ඼סĽฮУĿǰҲסһˡ޼˵Ǹסŵģ߸ˣٹ죬ȥ٣ȻȷÿһʵΪһȷϣ߸ˣÿһ˶Ԫĸ֡
ҶЦش˿ĬȻ
߸ϣɭϢŨأŲʲô·跨ϧ֪ޣֻ鵽в֮Уû߸˵֣֮Уޱߺޱʥ˳ǳǣȴһֱδ
˵ޱʥΪ죬˵·ϡҴ󵨲²⣬ޱߺˣƣа˳ϵĿܣฮеǻˡ޼ɳ˵
ҶЦһ졣
޼ܹ֪ԼвнⲢϡ档
ϡȴڣȻ̨ܹϵȫ˳ˣһԼסޱߺˡ
һȫûΪˣȴжϳôйн飬֤޼ͷԵĿˡ
ȻҶЦģȴһ㡣


338 ˿
Լ޼ɽ쾧һϣฮҵЩˣܴޱߺˡ
Ϊ˽Լ䣬Լ˵һ仰䣬ʥ˾ԲŹģ
Ȼڣޱߺ˾Ȼö֮סฮ
Уô£ʲôԵʻᣡ
ޱߺʲôԨԴĳֹأ
ֻȴȻ֤Щʱ
̫ӸסŵĽϼˣӸУסŵϹˣӸУסŹҵˡ
̫ӣ˴֮ȷÿ˶˵Լλ֣ԣƶϳ˴֮УĽϼ壬Ȼ͡
Ȼλڳʵ۹֮ڣ֮УȴҲǸиԵĴ㣻ӪȻ
޼˵ͬʱϹ壬빫֮䣬Ҳעܺ
壬ȴûס󳼸ۡȫס˿ջͼԣּڱӡȤǣ壬һʼȴǷסҿջ֮Уңҿջ֮䣬Ҳ·ľ롣˵֮УͬĲĽᡣ
Ȼ죬ȴһµȫϼסĳǳĳǿջ档˵Ѿоѹʱ򣬰˴֮Žһ¶⣬Աԣǵ̬ӦԱΪ壬ʵȻʧȥӵҰģĵģֻԼһ˵İȫֻǡӡ
޼˰˴壬֮ϵԸеĳм壡
ۣⷬҶЦǰһ
ɵˣס˶ǣûɴֵúǳȡɵʵʵںǳȴҪö࣬Ϊʲôܹ£Щ棬ûиǰԵǰ̬ƶԣν޽СΨһĽ;ֻУ޿֡
ۣ󳬼֮䣬ȻһеĹϵǲ¡
ΪаգȷԼԲΪٵĶٲᱻ󳬼٣󳬼ŵʵӦ
ɽɵƸˣڰһطסǳǵʵ̫࣬ջͲסˣǸɴǻؽõ񷿡
⼸ɵĸ½ǰ˵ѾԤеԼܴΪŵĿ꣬᱾Ÿ֣һϣͼҡ

޼һϸϸİľָųÿһλһ߷ÿһλɣңɵĴ˿˿ۣɣоݡ
ҶЦȫעţȻȫעļ䡣
ֽפڳǳǵʮ½һ޼ɵĿУ䣬һһ
Ҫ˵ģںǳš޼һò˵󳬼ţǲҪڶסţǳסţһһѳֳŴһӦ֮Ȼң⣬ϱŷҲ֣ΪĿŵȻǵĿģ˵֮⣬гһڶ
ǵĿ꣬ȻЩһУ鱦󡣡
Ȼӵг֣ʵʵκ֮ϣʼ̫٣ûпܰһ򾡣⼸棬ŵˣҲ½ȻҲڵȣһ
ֻҪˣǾͻ֣һԵϯ
ҶЦ˵νõʱĪЩ뿪˳ǳǣص·ϡǿԴݵĸƣͷжȡԴ
ǵġ޼˵һڲǿˣʮҲˡԣҶѡߣȫУȴһĳ֡ô˵ҲһǡȻĻʵػ󳬼ʱԲͷʹ顣
ֻҪʼղߣôɵҲ޵ģֻҪΪ㹻ˣʲôط֣νʵػ֮ǰ˶ԣЧʵ޵úܡ
ǿʼ֮գҾֿ֮ʱ
޼˵һһֱڰģҸеޱߺˡഫλޱʥֽµһħͷˣڰŻǶһͷϵһݺӡ
Щǽ֮Ĵ򡣡޼ɴһһˮҲܹģЩ˵սȻǿߵģֻҪʩԲԷֻһ£ʵҲδؾͺѶԸȻҪʩԲԣҪ൱ʵΪǰᣬûУȥͽ̾κΡ


339 ķ
ҶЦҲ˿̾˿૵ֻһ쵰㹻ڳǳǵˡ˵ܹģôЩû취ģȴ·ʥ
޼ɷ˷ۣ̾Щû취յģĵˣûٵġⶼ鱦鷳
ҶЦɿһ㻹Ⱦ˵˵ɡ
鱦󰡡޼ͷʹ˵ò˵鱦Ǹ˵֮⣬һǴûԴԴ߳ùΪȫϥǿ⣬ԴǸ衭
ҶЦ۾ֱ㶵ض˰죬³һ˵
쵰ĸôᣬȫȫֱӾԼһһѣµһȻҪԼͱˡ
޼ɺ޺޵˵쵰ǳӼֱ컹Ҫ󣬸׵ǣ˵ͱ֮󣬾ȻֱʧˡѾüûˣߣѾˣΪʲôأҪ군ôһء
ҶЦľȻĿԼĻ쵰һˮȥ룬ڻ
ݣܱ¶
˵˵õôôҶЦͷ˵ܽ⣿˵ˣ˼ô˵Ϊǹṩ߰ٶڣܽ⣬զȥأ
޼Ŀ࣬ŭɶ˼ȻΪǸ˵򱧲ƽ¶ɶϵ
ҶЦݵ˵Ҿ˵Ƿ֮ǹҵӢۣҾλΰӢۣ
޼ɵ۰Σ૵ţҲûϹȻȡΪȷʵģ˵ǹҵӢۣҲ
ҶЦ۵˺ˣ˵˵ģϽġ
޼ֹĵ˵ˣҲ֪쵰ʲô衭
ɤ˵һᣬȻǴӸϽҹȼü֮ȴҲ˶Ī󻼣νŻԶһʱӺ
鱦ٶǳ׵ĵ۹ϽĵˣΪ߰ڵֲƸ״ǵԵɽࡣԣ½ʮ˶֮֮ǣ
ʮڡˣҶЦ˸
ģڿʼʱôû뵽һ㣿ȻôЩң
ģ
ڣ۹෽ͣͷ֮ͷҲ֮飬Ƿ֮䵽Σ֮Уֻܹ֣ȡ޼̾˿
ɶ˵ô˵һ۹Ӣǲе̫ˣôͷ֮ͷ֮飬֮跴Ǿȡδ̫˰ɣҶЦΪ˵
ЦЦǷ֮رкøأôǰ˵أ޼Ƿʲô飡
۾ҶЦЦЦȴһƬ˼
ҲרΪ粵ǾһΪ۹ôˣΣΪ۹ıĳûģ㲻ôڮѣҶЦ
ҸղŶ治ڮѾܿ͹ˣ޼ɵ
ȥ㻹ô̭ǻڮ٣Ҫôڮ٣֮ôҲǳʱ֮ˣô˵ôҶЦȻЩˣ
ЦЦǵϢãⷽĹһҪиҼȻԷۣ֮ҵĵ㣬Щ°ѵǸ֮Ϥô޼ɵ
ţϤǺϤˡҶЦ޼ͻһʣʵеǰԲ
ˣûԨԴãʧˣģҲϽǰˡһǴͷһ£鱦Ĵ⣬ΪʲôԷ֮ǵˣ
ãϴ
鱦ķֲ鲼½ԳȻڸƣ˶ĸ߲ȨȦ֮⣬ǧ¶ӵеĲӴ֮⣬κεһ۹ƫԮһҪأ
鱦֮óóȻشƹʽֳ̬֧ʵ۹ʵǼ˷ŭȻͶڶԣǰǶ鱦ԣѾûδԣҿɶԣ鱦֮ûǿԮ֧֣ǧĳڶ֮ڣ˼䣡޼ɭȻ
ôذɣҿǷ֮軹ͦģ鱦Ҳôһ˵ҵ鱦ٿڳʵ۹ɣѵʵ۹Ҳ鱦ҶЦ񲻾ͳȫȻ壿


340 
޼һ̾ϢЦЦ̫˽ˣ鱦Ϊ۹ʱ򣬵۹Ȼܸлܸм鱦󣬿ǵ鱦ٸ۹㹻棬Ϊ۵ʱ򣬵۹ԥĽ֮ڷ֮μʼǣһٶһ£ǾǷ֮Ȼǽ֮ڣ鱦ģ鱦ϰǧۣɳôԲе飡޼ɵ
ҶЦ˰죬ȴû˵κλΪ޼˵Ķ滰ʵԼ޴ӱ粵
ˣǼ˵ǰƣٷɳɱ֣Ŀڶ࣬ϸͬ㻹һѭ˵ݲȫͳƣĿǰ˺ŵɱ֣볽ǳģвǧ֮Щˣڽ֮󣬾ȫʧˡ
֮ڰɱ֣֪ж٣ٲǧˡ
ңٻֻǹġ޼ɵµģǽɱ֯Щɱ֡޼˵ЩˣȫûݱԵģһ㻹ǿԿ϶أǾ⼸죬ĸŵ˿ڳ֮ǰƽ
ȲҪʾȣþȵĻںߣҸղ˵ĳƽֻ֮ˣ⼸ǵģҲ˵⼸ʮˣ˾ûٳȥЩǸʲôģĿʲô֪
棬кܶ˵Ŀ꣬Ȼ鱦󣬷֮裬Ȼ˵Ŀ궼鱦˵ϣϾǳʹŻǻкܶˣĿڻʹǳǣ
ţ˵ЩҶˣȷʵеЩˣһ취ûô˵ҪʲôΪǰᣬӦأҶЦʵ
νзƣҪӦЩˣ϶зѭҪ൱ʵδɸΪ֮û㹻ʵӦԣһֻǿ̸޼ɵ
أ˵ܹṩһսʲôֶӦǰҾ֣ҶЦ׷ʵ
˵ԷҪʲôǾ͸ʲô޼˼ĿҶЦһ˵鱦ͷƹΪնЩ˷ֻ
ն
ҶЦһ¡
ô᲻̫̫ɶһأ鱦ͷεԮ۹ȻǾͽΪ䣬⡭⡭ǲ̫ЩˣҶЦЩ˵
ЦЦ̫ˣʲôһ˹ҲϣʲôǲģʵȻսᣬ߰ڵľ޿۹ҲѾչˣ鱦֮Σ۹û̫ǣֺηΪնƻǵĻʵ۱벻ôֻû㹻ĸ£˶ѣ޼ε
ţˣնƻҪνأҶЦʵ
šЦЦ㲻˵ҪƻɣҪ֪ǳ䵱ն˿¡ûκϣġ޼ɳ̾һ
ⲻҪģ˵¡ɣҶЦ׷ʣȴһ
֮ˡҲ˰ɡ
ֻҪҲ͵ˣ
Щ˵ֻ˵ҲѡֻҪ൱ʵΪֻҪˡ޼һָ㽭ɽҶЦ۾ġ
޼һ˵ʮƲߣһһۡ
ҶЦвסЩƲֶεĿԣһ߲ס̾޼Դôģ̫ɶˡ
ʵԸЩﰵɱ֣ĲΪѣֻҪһս֣Ӧ´࣬ⳡҾԶԸģ˵֮дڵȴǷƸ¥޼һ̾ϢΪһУһֻĻƶţһУ˶ھУΪңܹƶһеģֻзƸ¥
ҶЦͷǰƺֳָ׹ǷƵӡ
ò˵λ׹ӵķȣȻҶЦУҲиɻ˵Ŀ³̶ȣЦǰж֮УҲµһ
ʵͷǻ˼ÿһ涼ѽ޿ɿ⣬ˣʤ㣡
źԷƸ¥ӦԣĿǰ޼ƿʩ޼ЩȻֻܵȴԷ֮ټ£Ӧ䡣
ҶЦҲһĬȻ
£ܹ޼ɣʵûʲôõİ취
ΪôܵĲðţԷпһ˲䷭̣ٿо棡
类ĵȴԷУԲӦ䣬Ӧ䡣
ϾһʵʵԶԶԼˣսʵ̫ˣ
Ψдӱ֣ͷӦֲʵĲ㣡
ȻֵͷӦҲδرȵ˼ң

ҶЦ߳ฮʱѾʱƵơ
عսһ˵ɡ
ӰͻأһһӰȻǰ
ᡣ
䡣
˵к½ϵĵһɱ֡


341 ʩѹ
ԴͳˡҶЦ䣬ü˵㲻ȥޱߺˣʲô
ɾΪޱߺˡ
޵С
֮ǰα׷ɱ¶ޱߺµ֡ɱּŵĻҲޱߺųϢΧˣǱ
ʵϣǰǻԵɺҶЦѻ߾Ȫʱˣ
ޱߺˣʵнⲻѪ
ԣȻޱߺҲԴˣҶЦǺġ
鲻⣬һڷԼ֮ȻٶӰεĸԼҶЦЩ˭ڰӰ֮׷һˣܹǻ᲻ġ
˻µһɱ֡
䲻ΪͶϮɱԼǲ
Ϊڵ״ΣաԼࣺǷġ
ǷҵôҶЦͷʹüģͻȻһ⻰ҲһҪİæˡ
Уǣһֵ˵
áҶЦһֵƮҡ֮ʣԮ֣ҵĵҲһЩ
ֹһЩ
˿̳֣ҶЦ˵ѩ̿
һǰһһһת
ҶЦҪչжҾֽһҡ

Ҳһϣƶ֮ƮİɫٻӰȻڶֱһưһ㣬һͥԺ
ڵˣ𻰡ƶ֮öȴȻȻؼһɸ߸ϵζ
˱ѹȸУôشȥ
ʱŭɧǾȻôĿȻô˵ʲôӲŪ㣡
δһĿ׳͡䡱һ߿ų˳
ͬʱԺ淿붴ʮ
ѭȥէԺһӰʱɫ䡣
ǿ׳Ȼ⼸ģһ˳ԲѷȻ輰ڣ̣˵س˳ߵҪѣȴѾˡ
һԷĻػһɭȻ֣֮ӰƮ֮ʣ˲ʮӰ˿ǰ
ûκηӦ͸оǰӰϮ֪õһУ֣Ҫ֮ʱȴоһȻץסš
֮£Բң˲ʱһ߳ȻԷſԼţҪӲԼһţԷʼŮӣȭҲԼһүǡ
ò˵׳ãһ£Ӧɵõ
Ǵ˿̣ȴǴˣˣ
Ǵ󺺽²ŸնϥһʹȴǱһָ棬͵͸룬ӶʱһȻžһ
ȴѾʵʵذһǶ⡣
Ǵ߿ӱһ⾹Ȼ˷ڿеߵأټӰһӰεĸȥ󺹵ӻûüأѾʮš
ţǰ߹Ѿ۲֪ͷϣһڽһڵѪ罫ȱȫ߶ϣµ߰˽ţȴͳͳϡ
һҽжûзѾȫ䡣
Ȼڳ࣬ɵĹһżϣ
䣡
ڵϣأÿһܣ³һѪ滹ϸݣһ·ȥһλԪ֣Ȼȫûа취Լһ·Ž£䡱һײʯϣֵ˻ֻ۾Ȼ˸ſ־嵽˼Ĳ˼顣
ŮʲôˣԼȻȫûа㻹֮
һӰٶӸ£һŽǿ󺺲˽£ڵĵӣĽôڵŻˣ
顭ǰ߼æǰһ漴תסµӣҲҪλǷƸ¥
ѾΧҪڽֹʮڸ֣ʱͣס˽ŲһӦȻֹ
Ƹ¥
⼸֣ͺһϽ䣬ÿһҪ֡Ҫ߳ǵĸ֣ͬһʱԭͷ
һ亹ĺˮʪ͸ѡ
벻λƶ֮Լ֮󣬾Ȼֱ
Ҫʲô
ҪϾɱô
ƶ֮
֣˵˵׹
Űǰڵһ֣Ҳǵʱ½ĵһֳӣΪԲѷƶ֮񣬵ʱƶ֮Ҳһ㣬һʮ߰ľɫŮôսǧֳӴôܿ䣬һֱӱͷ


342 ʵ㣡
ʱֵڵǧ䣬ƺεȺôд½һ½˵ףأĿ֮£һ֤λһ֡ͷʢ
ңλƸ¥ƶ֮ʱƺûô֮һǧٵӰڹ컯֮ʧӰ١
ֻڴ˵еģƶ֮һν䣬һνٵڣ
һ統һֶΣ֮һλִͷ
ʷȻô˵ƣ
ӲҪ˵ͬҲ׳òƸؼ֣˭ȵյĳӸأ
ڳǵڵϵĴʮ߸˾վţңԺƶ֮ؽ䱸޷εĿ־塣
λ̣ͻȻʲô
ҪϾɱô
ԷҪϾɱأ
˵ģ͸ղ˼¶һ֣ԼЩˣҲ˼һֻʰ޵ģ
ڵˣھûòôɨˣǵáҹõĿˣ֮ûУڵţôǵģ
һա
㣬Ǳŵúòã
ڸǵĸоǾҪǶ
ƶ֮ڿҲʮ߰СӣؾôĽѵأ
һȿڵҹãʲôҪԸҵô
˵գĿ⿴űƶ֮ڽµڿ຺ӣǵ֮⡣
ϼΪԾ֪ƶ֮ƹʣղҲʶΪ֪ӦԴ˵ȴܣӲһʼ̬ŵüͣɴϴεĿ˵ʱֻкôľԼԼҲڣ
οᣬѾʶλƶ֮ǿƣ˿˼ڵٳײǲ롣
ʲô֣ƶ֮Ŀָʹʵ
ʻȻȫȻ
ԷɫҲãҲգһ֮棬֮
ǿһԹ֮ǰѾΣ༾ɷ塣
ͷɷ壬ǼԲô
ɷ˵֪Ժ⣿Ȼ˼ͣԾãδʲôش¼
һҿԺܲã˵ʵһЩټôǰǳǣȴҪʲôȻǼԲã֪ʷˣ
ɷǰһڣȻƸ¥һУƺƴ󣬾ڣĪҲӣټһԼ֣ʲô飬ʼԼ£ѵⲻҪƸ¥𣿡
һ˵ʲôͼڱ¥û壬ҸùܣҪȥһˣڳǳǣһһԱ˳ŵģƻǷƸ¥Ĳ֡ᣬڹɾͲˣ룬ڵӴӴݱˣҲðɡ
۾䵭עżɷ壺һñʱˣ˵¥ԴСǿ
ڳÿһ̡
ʲôʱھȻҪ˾ˣ
ǻǺ½ǿĳô
ѵӡһѵ⣿
ɷٶѹŭ˵֪ҪעһЩʲô飿
һ˵ʲôԼĥȥ֮֮ܶǰǰ˼룬Ҫððʧʧ±ǵ˱ǣô˵ģô
⻰ʲôû˵
ǻ֪Ҫ㲻ǵ£ˣҲǲǵģ
ķȴԼĥȥ
ɷƸ̲ѣһʱȴֲ֪λӦ䳡
ȴʹʹȵĴһҽУǷƸ¥Ȼ⣬κûʲôϸⱾǱ¥ĴԭҪʲôʲôǣǾͱǲ
˵ԲѷĻˣĿŽ£кãһ´ΣСԴҲСˣ´ΣﻹԴ
˵ƽ޵ģһˣȴڳ࣬һλŮ˵òĻǰߣ
˵һ̧ţƮɶ𣬾ȻڿУƺʵһ㣬վֵʵ㣡Щô
˵գӰһƶ֮˲ʱʧӰ١
ʮһŷ
ôĽʲô飿
ʲô鶼ûأȻȱˡ
Ȿѹȣǿ
ں½ô˵ҲͷôˣһҪһ٣ٶ裿
ĵĲ


343 ͼ
ϣô죿Ǿô۸һĿݡ
ȻͻȻĪ裬ôҶһֱѹȱı
̫ˣ
̫˲ˡ
˿ÿ˶һɽ˹ļеĿй
ԼͬڵҵӣĹͷ˲֪٣˼ˣȻǡ飿
ã
Ҫ΢һ㣬Ҫôأ
۸˾Ȼܹ۸ˣĵǷ켫ĵز
ֱǿ벻̣
Ҳ̣
߼ɷĿ⺬żŭ˵ô죿ô죬ô죡
ݺݵ˵ѵƸ¥ܹܵǴٲɣǷƸ¥εһ죬ܲܽеĲ·ˣ
ȵˣԭƻжˣԭƻ䣡
֮УȫǼ˱̫ѨȻѾ÷ˣ
еڵˣÿһĹĵģʱܱըıԵ
ƶ֮һΣһһ֮ϣּͰͣ
ֱӽ˵ȫ˼ըٽ㡣
ļʹ֮£һչжֱӾһƬԵѪȷ磬㲻ẬǶκĿ꣬κһ顣
ڽ˴̼ü֮תͷȥǳŵڣͬһƣȻʹһ٣һ٣ѵһ٣һ١
ǣǳҲһ˼Ļɽ
ȻһƮˣʧӰˡ

ˣţѾ̼ûˣ൱֡
ټһѻĻһ̼ѹпܲЧŵʲôˣǿɾ벼ֲˡ
Ȼһתȴȥһط
һܾݵ㡣
ǷƸ¥ܾݵ㣬۹ܾݵ㣬˴ǵӱϿֻһڳʵ۹Ĵ֣ʵϣƹĹԱһųʵٺ»ʵȴ۹ˡ
ֻһڵҹɫ֮ٶʧȥӰ
֧Ŵ̶֡
˿ְ֮˼֧Ȼ棬Ȼһϸĵͼ
зǵʹֲλʱ䣬ص㣬ʽͳѡ
гǳоӵĲλá
ҪֿλãΪߵͣҲһһС

֮еһУеĶҪעĲҪעģŵͼӦоУ
滭ͼѾܵˣֱ
ڣһӾ۹ؼޣ̾Ϊֹ
ûмһ˾ȻܹһŵͼͬʱչôĶ͸¶ô鱨ֱӾǳǳǵ֮ͼⱾǲӦôڣҲǾԲܴڵ£
žǳʵ۹ĻʳرٱˣҲûƳһŵͼϧĿŵͼһּ˿ȵĳݣ
ӳ˵ŵͼ᲻ǳʵ۹µ壿ԱһС˵
壿׳գ㶼ôӶӳֵصԼĸһۣǳʵ˷ǵݣҪʰǵĻﻹҪôֱɱͽȫˣ񲻸ʡ¡ɵҸ˵ֻؼȻĶȫǼٵģ͵ƾͼĹգѾȫҪˣֱʰ
Ա߲Ļ˶ǻȻͷ
ӳ˵仰ݰ¶ﻹҪʲô壿ͳؼ֮ˣƳɴͼͨҪŪЩˣ۷£
ô˵ͼΪ桭˵ŵͼʵľ֮ڣΪΪһĿⷢ
ô˵ӶӳĦԼ°ͣ˵ҪΪΪҪΪΪʵƾǣ˵ƹ£жΪǣǿԽǳˣһԳʵ۹˳ۣǾͽЩ˵
һ£жֻṩ鱨жǲμӡȻȥʵʩˡǻҪһȥ
ϵˣͼӻ͹ȥ졣
Ŀһܱ֤ȫóʵ۹ëѼѪͷ
һ̣ȴüͷֻǣͼˣȴ˭أô֪ǵݣ
Էǲ֪Щ˵ݣǾԲһͼġ


344 ɱ
ֻȷˣȻȷﻹ۹ڣܹڵһʱ佫ϢУŻὫϢ͹
Ȼܸȷܳɵĳͼ֪ͨԼ˵ʵҲΪ棬۹ֻŵȴǡ
ˣ˭
ȻγֶԼûж⣬Ǵİ֣ôץסԼܣȴܹ鲻һ˸о顭
Ȼȥȴû˿ͷҲֻаοԼ˲ǵˡ
Ҳͺˡ
٣ǰǵˣ

һߣҶЦ鱦紦ҶЦͨط˹
һ䣬һ桢ʲôҪޱɱ֣ȻɲǼͨ죡
޹ż
Ƭ£ɱֵĹͬż
ڽʮ۾µһɱֱ˿ԺΪµһ
Ȼɱ֯ȴ¼ɱ֮֯УҵȽϿһ
ҲĲ֮
ΪΪʲôҪ쵼һɱ֯
Լɱ֮ǸĶࣿ
˵쵼ҲУôòϲΣϲ£ʵһɱֵͷ
俴ƽĿ⾹Ҳ̲ס˸һ¡
һ۾Ϳ˳ǰ֮۾񣬻ǱΪ磬裬ǰ
ɱֽ֮У˵ھλǽ˵ɱֵʮ֮Уĳɱ֮һ
ȴ֪ɼ¶ʵʵۣҲǰʮѣΪɱһɱ˵еɱԱͨᱣУԱʱ֮裬ԽԺյɱ֣ܹԼеĻҲԽСνʮУǺ֪ɱɼһУûκεȨԡ
ʵϣ಻Ϊ֪ɱ֣ʵľǿ
Щ˻ԣһΪܲ
ؼĻڣ֪ǵ٣Ĵеɱ֣ɱ֣µɱ֡
ȻԷƱΪԼµһɱʵȴδĿһУҲ˵ʲôЩʮˣ߱ʵҲԲף˵ףȴҲδضǿ
֪֮ȴὫ̫֮ϣ
һͺķ֣ϵıȻͬ˵еһ޶һɱȴ˺ܶ࣬졣
Ϊ˵ģ˵ľ񼫶ͬһʱܳʵһƥķâȴ֮ʣز¶
ʲôˣ߿ܶˣȴ䣬⣬仹֪ݷâǽ൱ʵʵ֮ϵġ
˴ǵڶλ棬Ծܡ˽⡱ʵ̣ҲʵΪһ
ϴ棬ǰȥɱҶЦǴΣһҲûʱ䣬ȴȻ֣ԭζܡ֪ʵϴٲΡ
ȥһżʱ䰡ôô
˵ԴһҶЦһ̶̲µʱ䣬Ϊȴʵķ
ʵ俴ԣٶҶЦָ档
ΪȻΪҶЦġ
֮⣬Ҳûбɡ
ҶЦλҵĹӣȻܹһɱֵΪʶҲô죿
Ϊ˳ʮɱ֮һ
ʱΪò˵
΢Ц˹ˡ
ĵλɱֻҪˣǳˣһˣǾԵ𡣵ȴǲ˵Լôġ
ֻҪҶЦͷƲй¶ܣȻԷ䣬Ҳ⡣
ͷܺá
Ц
ڴˣӶȻҲЦôȻôЦЦ΢ЦЦ⻹Ǹô
ҶЦһߣ˵ʵΪҲٽһġ
Ȼ⣬¶һ˿Եƣ룬ֻǡҲܡ
ҶЦͷȻ
˵ˣһʼղ⣬֪˿ɷΪҽ󣿡
ʲô£أмĻް
ƺȻµҪʲôȴûֹʡ
˵Ϊݺ¡Ƭ£޼˵֮е֮⣬˿˵Ҫɱ˭ɱ˭һ֮Ҳ⡣
ʵȴʼմԼɱţǣţյأʵǡ


345 
˵ȴЩ˵ȥΪ˵ȥȴͬϡ
ҶЦȴѾ˼
ҶЦҲ¶Ϊɻɫ
˼ˡ
ʵҲҶЦʵģǲǸʲôǵɱ֯¼䣬˷Ƹ¥֮⣬ûܹԸ䡣
һɱ֣ɻľ
ɱ֮ȴƫƫ
ɱָӼɻһ쵼ߣ
䣬ȴƫƫһ쵼ߡ
ã
ûҪǿȥΪʲô
۵ԼǱȴǺοգ
˵ע֮£ɫЩ԰ףӥһһ£꣬Ұꡭڵ׳ɱɾ
ֻ档
֮꣬Ҵ߶Ϊū棡
ƽҶЦܹó֮ŨŨĺ⡣
ǹ£αȥǽңЩΪ˾ңǣУ
ӳȥѧһ£Ȼٻصʱ򡭡һʱ䣬ǧɱĸɸɾ
ҵǣջŵģȴѾǧˡҰǾ˳Щˣĥáǧ˶ǲм
лһСӡ
ЩˣҵΣԶҲжµΡһ
ƴĽ׬ӣԴˡ
ȴǲ
ǴǶҡ
˵飬˵ҶЦѾµˣҲˡ
Щ꣬ɱּŵĳԱˡ
ҴŴһ·ײײߵڡڣҵɱּţȫˡ
վţ˵ʱǧˣѾ˽ֶ˺ܶຢӣȻ껪ȥֶ˺ܶˡǶڴɽҪԴҪǮҪǮ
ڣȴ׬ôǮˡ
Цһ£Ȼ֪׬Ҫ׬ġЩˣ޷µ
˵쳣ƽˡ
ƽ֮У̲صֳأȴҶЦǸогġ
ͬѹһɽ
벻λµһɱ֣Ȼôࡣ
ҲԼʧȥɣҲҸκ£ֻƴ񣬾ܵ׬Ǯȴֲҽκ˵Ԯ֧֡ΪУǧ߰ٲмˣ޷޷⣬ʲôܹ֧ŵӴĻ
ҽҩ
䵭ЦЦҵȻѡ˱ȻҪһֱȥ;ϡΪǶҵˣ꣬ǣϵˣƴıһﺢӡ
ǣ㱳ʲôʱ򣿡һ
ҪٱΪֹĿʹ˵֮УкöˡѾҪ޵ʱˡ
ҶЦ
ֻоͻȻһ̡
仰˵ƺ顣
ȴǱ̬ȣңܵΪֹ
ҶЦᵽ仰һ㺬壬ҪδֻЩ˶ˣΪ䲻ˣҲҪٱˣ
ңܵΪֹ
ҲǣһֱܵΪֹ
ҶЦ̾˿˵ôҲڻȱǮɣǽٸƶҲã˳ǣҲգǿɹƭթŪǮôҲ£οҪԼôࣿ
ҶЦ߻ش߲֮Уش仰ģȴ
ֻɱֵԲ۾Դǵ˵⻰ʵˣȴ˵ģΪǶɱ֣ɱ֣Եı뷹ֻܴӵϽǧｭڲ٣ΪһʱٶһеĹأɱ֣ǿС͵ɱԽ˼ıȡɱָΪɱֱɱֵĽҲɱֵĲأ
ҶЦһʱȻ֪Լ˿̸νȥҲ֪ԼʱԼǸʲô飬⡭˵̫ôˣ̫ôİԵأ
½ɱһ٩٩̸ϣһͷΪͬһʱֻоһӴ㣬Ƶ˵֡
Ѿģôһʲôأ
һЩųʥӵܣʫĹԱ̰֮ı˽֮Ϊ֮еŮ֮νУС
ǽϵɱ֡Ȼšְҵڲ٣
Ȼǡɱְֵҵڲ٣
ɱضԴ⣬ҶЦоԼǲġˣ


346 ҹ㣡
ҶЦʶ̾˿˵㻹ʲôǸɱֽڲ٣ҲѰæɣ˼㣬ǧ˲мԴסޣҽҩʲôһ´ԼҲͲ˰ɣ
ˡƽÿ˶࣬òƲǺܶ࣬½ˮƽԲߣѰĿ֮һµĻѶܳʮģ˾ҶЦ˾㻨裬Ǵ´ġ
Ĭβŵ滹˵ͨ죬Ȼв嶼ҪرкܶҪĳҩά֣ҩһѲơһ¶ʮҲͲˡ
ʮһ¶ʮҲǺܶ࣬һʮǧ򡭡ҶЦһȻ֣Ŀ߶ڵԼԣȷʵǺܶࡣ
һֻɱΪɱ˵ȴ治٣仹ҪάԼµ衭
һ൱޴ĸ
˵ߴҲ˵һӣһǧͭ塣һͭ壬Լ൱һǮ֮һӣһǧ飻һʮ飻һһǧһ¶ʮھһҪڣ
ܹάЩ˵
һҲʮڵ֧
һǣʮأ
ͬ˵ģһֱܵأָһʺεӴǮƣ
ʵϣһʿŵ˭ϣһĪĸҶЦۣȻֽ׶εҶЦڼǧ⣬㼸Ҳδģȴǻϴľ޶ףĵ
֮ǰҶЦոǻᣬҶӿΪġСǮԽأίʵǴһʱһʱ
ҿ԰ͷպЩǮҶЦ˵
Ҫ֣ˣûлرҶЦҲÿңϾһ¡
ٶȳĬƬ̣Ҷӣ֮ǰȾѾΪٰңҾ͸Ӹˡ
بԽծѻһӣѾһĪծ㻹Ҫұծ𣿣
΢Цһ£˵Ҳٽܣκ˵Ԯ
ԸֿȭԼȥ׬
ҶЦ˵ծȻѻģûأ֮ǰ˵ҪٱΪֹ⻰ߵĺʵ㣬㱾Ĳ֪㱾֪㱳֮ǰծڼǺ£㹩֮ڣȴδôֽΣծǷһȥô
ɫɬһ£Ĭ
ҶЦⷬ˵ɺܼ
ȴһܱܹȥ⡣
Ǻ½ϵµһɱ֣ӹɣһɱ֣ͬʵûҶЦʱ˿̣Ѿˡ
ԼôԼҪΣԼȴִӺ˵
ԼȺֵΣ
еĴ˶ǲУزȫû
ԼˣôǵĽֽΣ
ٶأ
ôΪʧȥԼչˣȻȥ
ԣʵڲþܾҵİΪҶ㣬ҲûʲôҪ󰡡ҶЦ˵
㡭Ȼ̧ͷҶЦ˵µģûκҪ
ΪǻҸоһֱǷȥ
ʩҶԾĪĸۣΪʲôͲʩأ
ҶЦڰ֣˺ˣôˣֵûţҪӣ͵ҹӶ㣬ȻҸһӶ𣬹ӦǰΣͲ齻ףùϵˣ˰ɣ
˵ţǺǿЦһʵڵƣҲóǵĴʵѾƵ±ϣʱϽа˳ϵĿҲһСһѣЮͼɣ
ڰֹס˵һεΣǾԶȹնȲӵеӴǮʲô壿ǰһЩȰЩҪչ˵ˣĺ֮ǣðծ±ӡ㲻Ҫһһ̱ӣеĶҲǻᱻȫϷֵ˱ˣ㡭˵ǲǣ
һ仰еԼʼǷҶЦξ֮Ƿĸ࣬ʲôϵܽҶЦĲԼȺ˰ٺˣԼ޺֮ǣȻڴ˰ҶЦʲôϵǡ֣Լ׬ˡ


347 ʼж
뷨ƣҶЦûаնȹҲǰ;һƬã
Ȼһ·ǰȴбǰеɣǷˣܹһٽԼĺ֮ǣɱҶЦľְ֮æڱеˣ
뵽ԵͷӦǺðɣпܱǽһսۡͺһЩǮɣծѾǷ£ٶһЩҲ˵ˡ˵ǰߣһ۹ǶûǮҪġ
ҶЦ޿޲ɵ˵̫иˣˣɡ
˵ǻˡ
ʱȤ˵ǣϴ˶Ǯ
ҶЦһ£ǮʮӲ֪أ
һۣͬʱһ
ɱҲļĳɱ֣ȴǱҶЦһֱˡ
һ¾ʮһĻʮǧ򡭡ʮڣҲ㹻ЩٶĻˡ
ЩмˣȫǻʵͨˣԾԲôޣ
ۼձɫҶЦΪԼĳֵˣҲǣʮֲŵƼϴ赤ľĳɽۣòȷʵЩˣҪǾͶʮڣ
ǿʮӣͺ˵ʮһ㣡
Ͼһۣڡڡʵλİɱȴίʵûֿ飬׵⽹ڣһʱ
ҶЦɫԾɲԣٶΪǲ⣬ȴֲ֪Լ׸οۣô˵ƽͦʹģŤԼ˵۰ɣҾ۾ǣ
ǲǣ̫̫ˡõ˶ʮô࣬ʮڶòˣ̫ˡع֣͡
ǷˣԼһɱ֣а뱲ɱ֮ڼǮҲˣǮһȣԼôľһƣ
˼۾գһ£һſھʮڣȻǶʮڣȻֱ֣ӽԼۣȫ۵Σ
ڡѾʼǱƱˡ
ɶǮˣⲻô
ҶЦקʮֵһƱɷ˵һ仳۵Ҷ˵ˣ˵ˣôôˮ㻹ɱֽĴ⻹أɱҸӵıˡ˵ˣ㲻˵ˣǮҪܻȥҪôһв
仹ûüƾܣʲôѾҶ˵ˡ
۾챧Ʊ㶺ǺǵĹ״̬֮С
Աߵļ֤һƴסЦ
һʷԵʱ̣˵еĵһɱ䣬ȻôȤôɶһ棬ֵ̫üˣԼΪ¼ļ֤ˣɰ
˵ݶˣɴʲô˵ˡ
ǮǱ졣
ĬĬͷƱսԼĿռ䡣
ĵʲôҲû˵ˡ
ԼϵĿռ䶼˼ҶЦ͵ģʲô˵ģ
ǰʱĲ˵
ֻǼסˣͷ
˵һЩĵ£ʵݣ
û˵ֵܹʮڣҶЦžķ񣬵һĳҲڣǻɱ˵ļǮ뵥ĹÿǴͬġ
Ҫ˵Լһˣ֮еɱֻּǹӶĻҲԲֵʮڣ
ҶЦôڱŷӰԼ
ңȻҪĽİˣͶ֮֮гĬ˵һ仰˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨
Ǹõôأ˵ļ룬ʵأ˷ܡ
֤ļ룬ԭô߱ģɲǼ˵˱ĵز
ɱ֮
ɱֽĴ氡
ҪǸһ£֪Щɱ֣ɸֵĳص㣬оǡ·񡭡
ҶЦ˵
һֽܣһʱزһ
ò˵ΪɱֵıرΣ˶һ棬䡣
ȵ˵꣬Ѿҹ
ҶЦվ
ǵǰҪһɧңҾֽøңȡ²˳٣ھͿʼֽСҶЦյһЦ
޼ƶЩжƻڴ˿һҶЦúʺϡ
Ҫжأɱһʵ
߼޻ˮ㣬ҶЦ˶һЦ
ɱһȻ
ˡҶЦѹһüɫİš
ɱٶһ
λүĸ뱰ɣֱѾȥ̾Ϊֹĸ߶ȡ
ţò˵ɥĲ˷ָ߸һ㣿


348 
ǵ鱨ϣλޱʥĹʽֻԼԳֲܸӪ󡭡ʱֻСΧڽУͽ֪ͺáҶЦ˵ĸֵĹʽǻ϶֪òģӦ䡭Ǽ̿ʼж
עǣһҪɧŪþܵĴԽԽá
ҶЦ涣
˵ɾ͸ɡ
ܸɴھͿʼ֡
ɱּҶЦжҲ˱Ҳ˵ɾ͸ɵˣǵͷû⣬ϿʼжֲǲУңȴǵϱУ
ɱɱˣʩֶΣȻĳЩض£ǲһЩģĻңȡһɱܹĿꣿ
Լеɱ֣ҵĴмңⱾΪɱֵı֮Ρ䡢Ǿô˵֮еĸ֣
ҶЦҵĻˣίʵҶˣ
ǲ֪˵׻ŪĶأҪ֪˳ҵĺ֣ǵγǳǵֻ»ҪӵĻңҲڽ֮ǰҲ˵
ҹ
ҶٻϾΥĺ棬ҹ֮У֮ϡ
һʱ䣬һֺյĿоȻľǰݺЩӡ
ԽԽǸоԼػӣԽԽˡ
˼ʵڣһһߣе֣ȴһ˸Ҹ·±ʲôȥˡ
˵״ⲻһ㣬˵ֶҸΪҲһѺ֣ľ첻ףݿɽҲУ˵ԸƢνⱣĻɫȻҲͲôϲ
ڴǰΣȴһ˳԰οȻΪƽز˴ȴҲʵ
Ϊǰ£ʵοĻҲ˵
ôο˵ˣһ֣ƶ֮ץסˣ
⻰ɲ˵
ڴѹɧƽ˾ģһֻ˵汣׼һλƶ֮ˡ
浽ʱһˡ
ƶ֮ȫɱˣҲ˵ʲô뻹׼˭˼ȭͷأȭͷǵ
£ûٷԼϣȻܣȴԣҲ͸ҵֹ䣡
˵𣬲˵ȴô̸ο
֮һлô԰
ڳÿһ˶ǱҪ
˱Ҳܸеģ˷ܣֵԼȻֻ޾أ
¶ģҲû취ôĳĬҲô¶һڿڴ˽֣ǣǷƸ¥ĵ̣ǵ£òͷ˵Ůô¡
ԣ˵ˣŮ˵Ƣϲŭ޳ÿô岻Ҳ͸ŲԾ˵ǲʹӣɱǸءһ˳Ĳ²⡣
ԣеô£˵ˣǽܵˣԵǼҳ㷹һǵܳһǣ̳ɽԡ
ҵȺúǰһʱ֮֮Ӣȣ䷲ף
ǾǣҵعСŮӼƽϣǺܱɫһף
࣬Խ˵Խ⽥ƫԼһ˵ȵıãɴǻ۴ǴȴӢۺȡ
ν˳ɻڿ𣬲ǽֻͨڣһҰοǶתۼܾʤ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣйвȻľ˿̻ڵϣһԴѾͳ˱׼ͷ
ֻ۾׵Ѿֻʣһ죬Ѫۣһ滹ڲϵʳѪĭҺӶȥݴ˿ǰŶûˡ
˫ȣ߹ǣ첲Ҳϵһһڵġ
ֻ۾棬͸͵һ죬ԹĹâһԲ
ɱʱֻһЦĴ𽭺ڣʱǿĳţھôһУǱ˭ˣ˵ȻǱŮˣǺɱŮӣĿԿޡȻǴӢ۴ܣӺɷ򣡡
λ˳ζȫڡ
ǹֻζ綼Զ
ʮλͬʱ̧ͷѭȥֻڷϣһɭɭĺӰƮƮڿƮţ֣档
Ψһ˫۾żĮᶾĹʡ
ƺµУֻһɱʬһ㡣


349 ޻
ֿտգ¿ۣڷƮ裬ҹɫΪһ壬ȻںҹХȻôһӰ罫⾰¾Ⱦǽܵظһ㡣
ʲôˣһװ磬жмϤһʱȴҲ벻Է˭
ǺǡӴιЦҡͷ̾Ϣ˭Ʊģң첲ȵĶϳһһڵģźƵġ˵ڲǴҪźɣ
˵ţȻҡͷԵ˵ҶǱѧ֮ˣɣͻȻһϷǶԵϣţȻкôǾǣ
˵ţװģĳ˼һ£ҡͷԵһֵֺ˵ǡζżۿ
ֻǽ˵ѣԼ̲סֲ֧ĴЦ
ȻлڵˣǸоֱˬˡ
ͽ
ֻöӶըˣ
ðôһ˶Ƥ˵ĻǾ̣̣ڿԹ𡭡Ļô˵ģ
˸ողűƶ֮һ٣һŭûƽϢȻܳôһ
ֱս˵ͼޣ
ؾ̵ãҲ̲ˣ
˵һƬҾȻҧĽ
ζż
ڳЦľĸ첲ղ˵ġһһڵģźƵġ
ɷ溮ָҲ֮οڴҹ֮ʣ棬ǰҵȴӳԴУδ̫ʧ˸ַ緶ɡ
ɭɭЦ緶ʲôҶôˣ㻹ûҵĸַ緶ô£Ī⣬̻Ϸ֮У㶼ûԳҵкôôӦľǡϽԳҵĪԵǰ걲ضϧأǱ䣬Сӣ˵ǲǣ
Ե񣡡һλڸҲͲס߶֡
ֻоԼȥľҪըˡ
𣬽磬ɱǰˡ
ʵǲܲŭܲ
ô裿ôӶģû˲ɣ
ƶ֮ǲ𣬵ﲻƾһ֪ĺţ
˼״ǳŭŭȵˣĲ֪ôĻԵǰȻӣֱ飬һ׵ĻˣҺĺǻԵ컯ǲ飬ԶҲˣȻҪңҵҲˣȻҪɱң
ҳǣζżûĻɵӦöԡӲ÷˶Ȼýҡ
˵˵ţȻһίӣŭ죬ɭɭʵǻ
Ѿգ۱㽫
ȴǺһƮһƮڿУƮƮ˵ĴǾƲԳԷƣղŲű˽ֽŴźӦõģ̫ӦˣңֱӽǴźƬҲֵͬ
һ˵һƮƮȥͻȻһšһ졣
ȥλڸ־ʹһͷ
µ棬ѾϢȫޣһغ
˼״Ϊ֮Ȼ
ûǺô֣ôԼⷽѾֱͦͦĵ
ǰһ֮£˾һ󾪺Ī
ֻȫ˺ֻۣ̫ѨϣһССĺ㡣
һѪ飬ȻĿ
ɺʻ
һ֣һһɱ
ˣһ֣
Ҫ֪ղųȥλڸ֣ȻʵȴҲԪƷˮ׼
һôϢˣ
ɷۿ㣬ԽеŭԽïʢȻ̧ͷ޺޵صŷأƮƮĺˣҧгݣһֵ˵ޱʥ
ǰŸո۹⽭£˭õ룿
Ϊǳۣޱʥ
ޱʥҲһʽһΡ
һƮƮһĹɭɭ
һģһ˵Ŀ
죬ޱʥΪ֤Լ޹ʱɱһˣΪĽҵ룬Ӳι
仰ڶ
񣬴ʱ˿̣һˡ
һֶι죬һһ
ɱ˵£һġ룡
ѪҺɺʻȻǰûι
ֲÿӰƣ˸оôϤ
ԭǸһ
һʱ䣬ڳ쾪һƳޱʥˣʱͶ϶ˣǰһޱʥ
쵰Ȼû٣ڵ鷳


350 Ȼ
ӰЦڣ˵黹ûȻܹޱʥЦä֮
ɷ嵭ôϴô
ɭɭ˵ϴˣޱʥ뱾ᲢۣƶޱǼһ
ɷ嵭ҲװģҪȷϸǲޱʥһ򵥵İ취ͿҲˡ
Цʲô취μ򵥷ѵҪҽȥɴô
ɷĿźˣһֵҵû˼ޱʥݣȥɴҵҲ޴ȷϣҵİ취Ǽ򵥣ֻҪ׿˵һ仰ǾΪ㲻ޱʥ
ʲô
仰ǡɷ¶һ˿ޱʥǹ˵
һӲ˵ˣȴɱ磬ɭȻȫ
˵صգҲ˲ʱøΪѹ֣ӵɭɲ
ٹƬ䳡˵ԽԽϬɭȻɷ֪Է߳ŭֻ³ڼȻȫΪʱ׼ӭС
ȴǵ˵ô㲻˵ô˼򵥵ķΪһ仰ѣ
ͻȻЦһΪ˭˵ʲôҾ˵ʲôƫƫ˵ҺΣ
ɷ建ͷһֳص˵˵Ҳã㲻˵Ҳգ֮ҹҪ뿪˵أǡǧѣ
һ֣ʮڸͬʱ˲ʱΧ֮ѳɣŰΧˡ
˺ٺһЦ˵֮ܣ֪֮󣬱߾ߣƾЩСϺҲסң
˵ţٶƮƮȻҪ뿪ˡ
ɷĿӣҪ뿪ҲǲУֻǲ֪ޱʥǰסӳڿ࣬ɱˣȴǺιʣߣֻ˵ȥɣ
˺һ˵ֻǴ·˵أֶѣԭֿˣұߵģ̫ŴһԵⲻ֪ȫʶģҪðǿðģȻҪͽһˣȾ
ٶ˵һ䣬Ҳʲôޱʥɷ壬ϴˣſڴƻƣǱޱߺ׷ɱУɲҵ£
ɷЦһǻҪл¸֪
һλڸִ˿ȴҲͲסͻȻһޱʥ˵ôҵô
һתͷĿ⼫ɭȻҹУ˸ź
һλڸֳЦ˵ޱʥȹ˵ǲͷ¶β޳֮ͽСˣµͷȻԼֶҳˣ治ǹ˵⼸֣
ɷ強ҺԼ˵ޱʥǹ˵ȴ˵
һãҲ޴ӡ
һʱ䣬˿˵ޱʥǹ˵⼸ʱʱϣϿڣ죬˶Ǹоʮֽй
һ˵棬˻һ֣ڿǹ˵һڡһεˬ£
˵Щ˵˸ոһ˼ʶôһйͨһ֡ˬ֡ˬ֡ˬˣ
ԽԽ˷ܣԽԽ硣
һ𾢵һȴҲעǰλ˵֮еĵһħͷ
ۿǺеŭԽԽʢɱӯ
Ī䣬ƺҲܲסȵһȺ޳֮ͽޱʥͳͳȥɣ
˫͵һ
˲ʱҹɫ͵˸
΢ǹӳ֮£ƺֵߣһš
Сķ룡
ɷޱʥոճֵ˲䣬ѾȳڣС
ͬʱһһԲĹҹб԰Ѥãһȳڿ͵һѾ˰쵹֮УҹУһ˸ĳ޾ŷĺȥ

ķ뱻ɡ
ڳʵף⣬侪ңʩǳ֣㵶⽣Ӱ
Ȼʼ̫̫ܣڻ֮£ͻϮ룬ɲɣ˶ǸУʼö㶼һ㣬ˢһ˸첲һ꣬ʱһʹġΣңʱѨԪ֮ס׼λлӽƿƤ⣬ʹǿаγֻһۣŭޱʥȻ㣡


351 ̼
Ȼ˼ʿеǺѾȥ˲ϰɾ룡
ԭڷֵͬʱ˾ȻѾһּƮݵһӾƮҡȥʮɵľ룡
һ˲ƶٶȵ쵽˼㡣
˸ûпʲôԶȥٹ˲䣬ֻԶԶؿһӰһ˲䣬ɴһӰˣټ
仯üɷѾõһȫȻ˿մ
ϣȻô
йȻһһۣһȻ棬ɷ˺ĽޱʥҪܣ
Ȼɷ岻ưոݣһ֮ܣ˴˺ҹյǣٶȥ
ɷ屾ṦԶǺˣ˿ֵʩչһ֮Уȫĵٶϣʱ֮ڵƶٶҪԼٶȵϣ׷֮£סǺ˵β֮ͣУҲֻһ˸϶ѣ
ɷʩչһ֮УĵٶȣԼȻ׷ǺˣȻʵˣԼһ֮ѹƣдԮת˲ֻҪԼԲסƬ̣ɵȵԮԮһγɺΧ֮ƣʵǿ٣ҲҪ޵
ɷ̴ãϧǺжƣ⣡
Ǻۼɷ׷Լʼٶ֮ϣһȴҲ˶ѣ漴˫һݵһǽԭѾóϲ¥һֻڵҹ͵ȥһ߼ۣһһ仰ɷ壡һ˻ڵģ˵ҾޱʥڮޱʥȻΪǵԴʸۣ
ʱ̣Ȼڷϣ
ֹϣҪ֮ԣ
ʲô˵أ
ɷ屻˵ĻüѪ
ȴǺ˾٣ҵӲҿ˵άȸٶȣȫƾһܣһڣййԪֻ¾ҲϺˣ֮£ͷһ׷
ڸڸҲ߾ȫβ׷ϡ
һγһ׷Ŷӣ뼾ɷȻǵһݶӣϿ߰γ˵ڶݶӣԸһЩ˵ݶӣ
Ǻһʱ䣬мԹɫâγһ޴֮ҫĿɫ˰ҹգ
һ֪һȺԪڿսˣ
½׽磬һ֮֮У˵ҲδؼһôԪͬʱ֣
εΪۣ
ⳡ׷ϷУˣٶпȴȻǱȲǰĺˡΨмɷһӳֵٶȣܸ˺
֮ĲҲֻһʼʮɾѣ
׷УǺȻȺ任˶н·ߣκμɷƴһԪйӲҧסΣȻʼû£
ȻٶȴвȴֻҪ׷ǰ˸һ׷ϣÿѰҷ򣬸ĻλȻһʱ׷ֻҪǰ˵ļɷ岻׷Ŀ꣬ߵĴ󲿶иϵʱ
ˣȻٶȱȲǺˣ߼ɷ˽һƶٶҲ൱ɹ۵ģһ˵ҲϢʱѾѸԶ˶ۿҪ糽ǳġ
һЩǻʹǱˡ
Ĵ׷ɱ޿ɱҲ˲˵ע⡣
ϾʮλԪֵ׷ɱ;Ҫ֣ͦѵ顣
ǰĺ˼ʼղϷ׷Լ޵ҧгݣɷ壬ͷҶ˵ҲǣôĻҪ׷ô£
ɷȴ֪Է˾Լ
⵵ڣֻҪԼһеһԪͻ᲻ɱи
һ״̬ͻ
һиǰλޱʥûԼҲûп׷ˣ
Բеڶܡ
Ծɽرס죬һάԼһ״̬׷ᣡ
ʵȴҲںĪ
ޱʥ鴫
ԼѾһǽеȫĵٶϣƶٶҪƽԼٵϣˣȻ޷֮ľ룬׷ϣ
ƽʱ򣬿ԼĲλޱʥĶ֡
޹ֺ˼ܱΪµһħͷȻʢ֮²ʿ
˵ʵڵģƽʱ򣬼ɷͣסŲ׷ˡ
Ϊ׷ˣҲֻһս¹˭֣˵׼ͿʩչɷԼû̫ġ
ֻڼɷѾˡ


352 
֮裬ֱƶ֮裬ɷĸоԼҪըˡ
λޱʥһΣ
ǽȥˣɷãԼɴͺὣصˣ
ܸʹһ㣡
Ƹ¥ǲѵޱߺҲǲ𲻳ɣ
Ȼޱߺ¼һĿֲɱּţʵۺúܣҲǵúܡ
ƽҲδػôܲ˵֮ս
ǵǰȴʵĺܣһ˶Ѿ̼ĺۣ˳ģ
ﻹ˼ɶԷǲǣֻҪڻǵǾͿˣ
ǰ಼ٷӵıӰɷ˿оֻʣһִֵ뷨
죬Ҿ׷㵽ˮҾ׷㵽ˮϵ£ݣ
һܣһ߽еҪ׷쵰Ҹٱ飬ϴˡ
ɷһα÷ۣ
ųµһħͷڳۣôͷ¶βҵ
̫ˣ
һʱŭͷ򵨱ٶȴݹȣ֮ʣͻȻǰһΣ䡱һһլķĪݣǸ֮ͻأʧӰ
ɷĽвȻһ׷գȫӳֵٶϣ˿ͣȴͣӹȥһ֮ݷȴ˴һʮ·ڵСӡ
Сӿνͨ˴ĸ򾡶ͨ˿̸ǿյġ
һʱ䣬жϳǸ˵Ǳȥˡ
һ·׷ˣȻ׷ˣ
ɷϽˣӦ٣ХһտɫȻվ˶ʮɸߵĸ߿УסΣۼæķȥȻҪһ١
ѵķӦʽǺǱܣô̵ʱڣܲӳ߷Χȥ
ۿȥȴֻܾһƬžտյҪ˵ˣòһֻҲûС
ҹĻž
յĳ֣ƺͨľ֮·
ɭɭ
ǡڴʱƮ˳գԶԶ׷˹
ղű䳰ȷŰӣ裬ȻɱԼһλԪ֣Լһ˵׷ôãȴ׷ˣ
ĺˮӼɷͷϹ£ĵĳɨܣֽŽɱֱ
ٲ鿴ãȷѾȫʧȥǺ˵ټɷֻͷһŭͻȻڿдһޱʥ
һ𣬵һ㣬Զʮ⣬˶ˣ
ɷɨܵһУԻһƬžȻλ˵ʲôҲˡ
֮󣬼ɷһһڵԪôޱʥ㵱治ҳô
㾹ĸҵô
ٶþȫĴһ
˵ղ˿̱㾪׳죬ǬƸղ࣡
ˢˢˢڸַ׷ߡ
Ŀһԣ˲ʱ֪ˣ׷ˣ
ѹּϾ˵ŭϧף˷ȣҲҪޱʥ
һƢ꣬ͬպޱʥ㼴ƿڴޱʥ⹷˵ҳʲôһħͷһС棡ޱʥһսĵûУ治ǹģӷ˵
һ˵˽־Ļ
ʱüҲ֮
ޱʥѾĸӳ
ޱʥ⹷˵㻹𣿡
ޱʥ⹷˵ҳô㲻ӾĹﶪ
ޱʥǸ˵ôҳС̣˼ˣϡĵô
ⲻ԰׻˵죬ޱʥǹĵӦҲСŶԡ
ޱʥȻǹȴǸ˵˵ȻǵСģҳ
ô˵ޱʥһ֣
ȻǸԻԻ˵Ĺ֣
ޱʥ⹷˵ֶ⣡ҳ

ʮλԪһ֣ȳ׳ۣ
ϡ
λޱʥһǹעԪĽкÿһɤӣʮǳǡ
һʱ䣬ǳǵĵشͬԪֿ˲гһһĴһƬǳǣ
֮ǰᵽʹǺܽġ
ԣʹĻʵ۱£˿Ҳһ󳬼


353 
էһ֮£ʵ۱ȻǳŭҹĲ˯Σʵ񼫣˼ת֮䣬ȻԴͷ˶ǳԽȨϽΧ֮ĴڣϸȥԪڿн󣬶ңмڿԪɫͬһ㣬ȻԪʦ֣
оǣЩ˵ĹԪΪͬӦûǳͬһɵͬţ侹˾޴ʵɣ
ԾԵʵ֮ǰʵ۱ȻзŭȴҲֻ
ڳʵ۹ʵ۱˵һǵĳЩͨϵĳսҲǲģͱǰȺˣ
ЩѾˣ˲ܲ˵ĵزҪȻҲڻʹԱ߾ô޼ɵĽҲ֪ʲô뽫Ǵ̼ӡ
ʱǳԤǽһа𷢵ʹ
ôʹǲȫ𣬿ҲҪٵһ룡
ʹ˻㣬ֵһЩԪֿǲףȫôһӰ
̫ˡ
ؼģʵ۱»ʶ㾡ȫʹսҲδؾܰǰȺ֮Σͽ޹
ԣʵ۱Ȼɫ࣬ȴûгԤ
ֻһŭǸޱʥǸ˵ô鷳ĵطҲˣƫƫҪ޵ĻʹǸ˵ЩһҲľ޶ҪȥˣҲģԻġ
˿̣Ѿۼ˲ԶԶعʮ֮˾Ŷǽ֣
˶ԶԶĿ֣ȴвóȻ
ȻԶԴʮĽȴһֵͬʱȴҲ̲סЦ졣
ޱʥЩųµһħͷǾϣȴǸǣ
Ҫ˵ôͥĿ֮£ƴĽ֮µ
һҪô¶ǡ
Ԫֳ󣬻Ŀ˵
⣬вټʶ㲩֮ϳڽЩ˵
ҿЩѲɶڵģΪ׵Ǹ񲻱Ǽɷ壿˻
ǡ
ô£ޱʥôˣô𾢣֮Ǿˮˮسͻˣ
˵Ҳ֣˵Ҳ֣밡ڣ£òҲûôޱʥˡ
߿϶飬ƺܲ򵥡
˼أޱʥǵһ㡭
˵Ƕ֮ޡ
˵Ҳǡ´пܣ
ɴܵĹЩ˻ǶԶһЩΪȫһ
ǼǼȫһ

Ű죬һۣȻֶԶЩȴ˭ҲϾʹתͷȥЦִϷⱲҲδܹټõڶΣ˿̱㼴ȥ̫ϧһ㣿
סڣȫסڣ
ʱһɭɭųŭȻ
ڻʹԱߣฮС
һӰƮƮһ¿ۣһϮڽ棬飬ڿ֣档
ЩƮ
Ŀƺ˸ڤɭɭ˵ɷ壬ڵǺôĵӣôĵӰ
ޱʥһ̣λðޱʥȫƵóѵĿ⣬뼫ʹ֮УҲķ֣ʵǡ
˼һսǴЦǽڣӶ˰Ӱ֮УֻһļҪɤӿڡ
۵ģ
۵ģ
ôۣܲҶЦ񲻹ԪΪʮԪ֣лмԪƷʦ糬ֵȫ׷ΧҪıֳݡ
һô۵ҪĲʹ
ʵҶЦĿǰΪЦЦ˻Ƿ۵糸ǣƶٶȶԣʤˣţݣԸһȵȡ
ҲҶЦдթĵڣҪԲ£ΨҶЦУȻΪߣͰޱʥԲҶЦ
룬һ˶õġ
ǳ©ҶЦʵڹ֣Ȼ˵ŭȴƳǲݵĵޣرǼɷֱʩչ˽һ֮Уֱӽзȫĵٶϣһɷƶٶ൱ٶȵϡ
ҶЦıṦΪȻԶڰɷڵһ֮ϣȴܸ֮߳࣬Լɷ˽һļٶȣҶЦٶƿԣֻԽԽ̵ķݡ
ҶЦϣݹȫΪ޾ռ֮еĴ͸֧תͻٶȼޣ뼾ɷ֮ľ벻̡


354 ʥ
ӱϿ׷УҶЦȳ֣ÿÿŵУг񣬰ʮ㡣
˭Ҳ֪ҶЦôʱʵѾԼеΪȫ͸֧ĸɸɾ
ڳ嵽ʹ֮ǰʱҶЦʵʵڵѾȫû˰æҸεĵطȥΣ
ͨһε׷ҶЦʵʵĸܵˣԪƷԪƷʵ࣡
ԼʩչЦ˻԰ͬףȻ׷һβ
ֱǲ˼飡
ļٰ
ҶЦ㣬֮ԼٵϷһ¡̼һµģ֪һͱƴһ׷ɱ侹Ȼػͷʱ䶼ûˡ
Ҫֱǰһ嵽ฮһλ
ʵǼֲȥˡ
˼ʶڰӰУҶЦԼĿźƵʣܵĸоɽХһ
ҪԣҪҪһƨڵϡ
ֱ粻ܿһĲѪҺԴͷ죬Ŀð
Ȼһļվš
ƾؿͬ޹ģȻϸϸƽƳͲš
̫ðˣ̬ճԤ㡭ҶЦţҲˣôޱʥôҲ˰ɣͲ͵ס
ǸɭɭֵʱҶЦһ
һ̣Щӵģڳˣ
ǳɹˣ
ڿԷ
ǽޱʥ֮УҲðΣһ޿񱼰

ûܹ뵽ޱʥ˿е뱩ŭֱӻ۳һڱĻɽ
¼䣬Ȼ룡
̫ˣ
̫˼ˣ
̫ˣ
ⶼʲôأ
ԭֻŽûɶ¶ฮϢһ£˳㣬ֺһ
Ϊɱ֣Ƕɱ֣Լµְҵ˵Ⱦ⵵£ʵǺݳ޵һ¡
ΪɱҪʱ̱ͷԵѣһ嶯УһУпгʧ󣬵ʧܣʧȥһգۣһ˲顣
ⶫǿһеԴȪڡ
Ⱦ뵱ȾƲֱǺȤҪľƮƮȻɾԺоŻῺ
һɱ˵ԼЦ
û˾ƣȴͬζʧȥ˺ܶȤ
ޱߺɱ֣ϿĹ£ھƵĿֱǵ˼£ʥй涨˭һ֮УҲֻһκȾƵĻᣡ
ңһֻһεĻ棬Ҳһ˶ܺȾƣ
Ҳ˵ͬУ˶ûʹһ֮пԻӻĻᣬȴҲֻκ˿ԺȾƣҪһ˱ѣԾ䡣
һ涨ϵ£˿⡣
Υ
ɱ⣡
ϣޱʥţ⼸û£ıӦ֮ҵʱ
Ȼȷû£˵ڴ½֮󶼳֮һĳǳǣޱʥʱˡ
ͬɱǲǽһ֮еһκȾƵĻõȿʹһһ԰Ƚ״̬ߣӦյתӵӦ֡
ʥ飬ôĺôвͨ
˵ˣɱǶԾѾһ֣ʱһˮͷѶŵͷ˦ߣһȷ֮һݣǼ֮ѵõĺ顣
ھһսǿȨǿѹ£һ߸֮У˿ڽõλᣬʥȾƣһ
ѡɱְԹҪҪòкȾƵĻᣬǼȴֻܸɿţ
˵һѵľͿô
ΪˣޱʥССķһλ¿ǷǳʱڣڳʾǣشĿ
ǳʱڷǳԴ
ԣ˱ǷǳбҪġ
ɱְԹĿУޱʥ˶¾Ʋˣ;ϯǷʢʮˣϡȥƵĸȻ˷һλᣬʮ̳þƣ
һ̳ʮ
ϹٽҤʮ꼫ƷŮ죡
Ѿǳǳܹ򵽵ĺþƣ
ÿһ̳Ҫǧӣۣ
ѲʮļƷŮ죬ͬСɣȻ̳ʮʵеľƽ󲿷ֶ˾Ƹ࣬ȴΪ֮ڣǳ֮Ծˮҷã˾Ƹ֮⣬ʣŮҺŮƽ֮еľóȻ֮ϡҪãˮУƣк͡
־ƵĻֻͨЧޱʥԼ丱֣Ϊ֮ˣȴ塣


355 
ʮһ̳ŮҺ㵹޵úܣȴǼճһɫʤҺʽ˲ʱһŨ㣬ôƺƵɢȥ
ƺǵҹգҲͬһʱˡ
ɱֺڷ⣬һƴʶ

⻹ֻһڣѾӲͬʱ췴ˡ
ܺȾƣȴҪվž㣬ҪȼƷ㣬ֱĪĥ
ޱʥȴҲѵˣһ¶ǣζƳƮƮɣֻеԼ·˼꣬Ҳһɱ˵һѵõ
ޱʥĺָо
һ֮ΨһһκȾƵĻᣬΪԵԼߣ⣬ޱʥȻҲǺϧʶĶ˼ھ֮УһȻ
ȵ˺ɡ
ȵĻ󳩡
ȵġˬ
ĿѾʱͻȻһ춯صĴȣޱʥ
ޱʥ뼸λɱһɤӣһסˣ
զˣ
ʲô
ߺö˶˵ںȾƣòû˭˽ҡ
ûлعֻһȣôޱʥ㵱治ҳô
㾹ĸҵô
ޱʥֱĸе¶Ծ
ǲȥ
ʲôݣҳȥҾͳȥ
˵ѵôãʵڲƻǰ顭
ǺȻδ
˶һ²һ£Ϣ˵̬ȣޱʥ˵ʵǺܺһ¡
Ȼȥʱ鷳һȴȫ顣
žһ˴Уޱʥ˵
仰һͬޱʥڣλޱߺĶɱ֣ͬһʱ۾ðŭ
ȵɱ
Բۣôˣǵһô
ȻܿǾ֪ˣ⻹ԶԶСƶѡ
Ϊǵûֹͣı䱾кüͬʱҹա
ޱʥǹ˵
仰ɲǼðǵ˾꣬ÿ˶ϻ죬ֹֹݡ
ޱʥ˼ֱҪըˣ
Բۣ
һ굽ͷҲѵһκ飡
˼û¶ǰһûгȥɱˣԼסĵطȺСƣƫƫôһȺ˵ӵ֣Ҫô
Һʲôޣָյʹ
ޱʥһž߷ӣŭĳ˳
Ѿ
ܶԷʲôˣȻңҪۣ
챻ǻ֣˶ϴ£񲻱˳ЦЩһǲȫɱˣôޱߺԺô߽
ʲôڽ
ˢһһ̺㱼Ѿȴʣһʮɣһ۾Ϳǰأڰ˸߲ҵһȺˡ
ޱʥἸûпǵس˹ȥ
ûȾƵʱпܾôڰй۲죬ȻͻϮ˿̺ȥƷŮޱʥֻеԼ޵Уڳܱ
Ȼͼٳ嵽˼ɷķ
һŭ޷Ρ
ɷתٶޱʥЦЦôô̲סôôͷڹˣͷڹ겻úܹô¶ĹԴô
ޱʥһͻȻ͵شһ
ͻһƬ֮𶯣
𣡡
һ̣ɭɭ˵ڹȻǳţֵڶ࣬˲żüãǺǡأССޱߺҲ˵ķ֮ˣ
һֵ˵ȵ˵֮ǰĿŵĶңҪʲôƣʾ
ɷ嵭ޱʥ˲˵ҹ㵽׳ʼչ¶ͷڶŹ㣡
ޱʥ˵ԭ˵ȣôȲ
һλ˴һޱʥ˵㣿Ӿˡôأôˣǹ׳˰ɣһˣ㵱йĵܰ죬ǲǹ
ԱһЦǾǣ
ڼڣޱʥɱ֯һ򲻴󿴲ټϽҹ飬ѾôҴĵ׵ķˣ˿һڣûаûްתء
ѾȫǰѵҪٶʲô
ޱʥ˼ҲŭģղŻֻǱ̣Լ¶棬Էֱ˼ǰָգԼܸǽʲô
˫һ棬ȻȫûἰԵɣÿһ仰ӵĵطչȥ仰һ˵˴Ȼע죡


356 ֣
ޱʥŭЦһһͻȻ䡰䡱һռƺ˲ʱ޾ƲһƬƬŨ˷ɲǼڱ߿գ
ޱ˲ʱſɲǼ㽫ֵķΧɭޱʥɭЦУһΣȻ漴ӰҲӰ١
Լ䣬ֻһ޵죺ǲҪҾͳȫǣɱҰ
ʵļɷظоһЩԾĵط
Ϊһ̣ޱʥȫչʱŵһŨľ
ǸǳŮľ㣡
ɷǺ˽ӴݣȴǼǵղǸϣϾûκεľ
ǰȴУ
ޱʥĹʽǵǸޱʥĳģʽǣһƬŨ
Ѳɡ᣿
ǡ߼޻ˣ
ɷͷһͷֻʯһ㣬ȴȻǰ龡ͨ͸ˣȻ͸˲䣬ɫȴҲ֮䡣
Ĵᣬϴˣǿʹ²ˣ
ڵͬƽޱߺȳǿУôãռܹʤǵòʧǸ𣬸ӵԩ
һеǺοգԩˣ
뵽ɷ弱æһޱʥס֣˲˵Ƚ˵ף棬ȴ³˼ǰ֮£ȴпеᣬΪһ´֣ҵʥǺ²ǣ
ޱʥɭ֮ƮĴ᣿᣿һȺ˵ôǵ½ƿڴˣȻ˵᣿һô
һĴЦǲɱӣӾҪȥɱˣԵȶȥ޵֮ʱȥ˵ʲôɣ
˲ʱɱݺᣬ
һŽɢ֮Уޱʥ֣ͬһݺȥӣַΧԽԽ󣬵ǵϡŨֱޱ޼һ㣬ܹսĸ֣ȴѾ޷ۿȥ
ΪٴԭرβȻᱻһΧ֮У
ꡣ
ޱʥѾȫ֣־ڱɱ
ʮλڸ֣״ͬʱŭһȫˣ
ԶӰ˸һӰһ˽һԣͬŨ֮еĽϢĳ֣ΨɱȴǸŨ
ޱߺ棬һλʥλʥλɱ֣ͬʱ֣
ս
ǰֻɲǼĲ죬˫ȴѾ췭ظɿ
ʱ̣ѾûʲôԽͷ˵
֪֪߼޻ҵĳԹѾעǲݣ
裬޷ܣޱߺͬ޷ܣ
οޱߺֱӱ輰ʥˣ
᣿
Σ
˫ֻܾһս
ߣΨһȫվ֣
ᣬҲֻѪſϴ壡
ɲǼ䣬һҫ񷣬ս˫ԪȻԼļΪ
ɱ
ɷһ̾ȴҲֻдȫӦս
ڣ˵ʲôûˡ
Զ
ĳӰ
ҶӾЩĿѣ۵עһ½֮Ĵս̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ̾Ϊֹ
ȻĶְģǼҡ־Ǹ֣мڷֱġϲľˣȭͷǵȭͷֺ뽲ʲô
ٿȥʤΪ˭컹иҪҪȴҲֻˡϧһʴս
Ҷһҡͷ̾ϢһϢʧҹĻ֮С

ߴսո𡭡ʱ
ƿջ
巽ϤۼģȫֵѾˡ
Ȼ˿̣ȴһľüͷա
ڵľƣίʵϾ֮
񵤹Ȼĵˣǣȴ߲ˡ
ڣ󳬼ſأһҶ
˭ȥƱػ˰ӣͷһԵĶ
ʵϣ죬̽Ե˼˳ǣڳǲʮ·֮󣬱㼴ڷһʾš
󳬼ŲԼ˴ŵȥǲκ뿪
ȻڷƸ¥ʧȥӣҪԼһ
ûĵĵ񵤣ҲҪԼȡȥ
һȥһһǮû෴Լ˻Ҫ
û˵ȥ
û취磬ȭͷǵ󣬷Ƹ¥ȭͷž͵÷ͬĵԼ˵ȭͷȲţֵԼ˷ˣ


357 
ǿʲô㣿ϼ˳ĿڵƣȻʡ⼸ֻΪ̬̽ȣǱѾ˼ʮǳȥֻ¸Ӳ졭εΣ˵Σû˿⣡ҲȺȺ취⡣ҪΣܽһΣȹȥ
仰ڣʮͬʱĬ
ûҲ֪ﻹʲô⣡
һĿⱯߣɫȴǼҰȻûʲôӦֶΣ
Щ˶ǸľӢҲǸһǰǳǵĶ֣ܹʸģÿһ˶Ԫ֣
󳬼ŵǿƣû˻ʲôð취
һΣһˡһ̾˿˵ڵʵۣǼеҲδؾͲھǵһƴһս֮ĺȴ˭Ҳֹǰǰ취ǰоҲ··ʯȻɼȴ̫Ʋá
һĬĬͷ
仰滰ʵ
ֻǵսҶẦ£ֻͨĽԹҲͬẦ¡
Ľ޷Ǿһѡ
ڳôˣѾǺ½ݼɣսκκҲ޷С
Ȼڽйǣʱܲ޾ҸԶиԵıԶиԵΣ
һ˵Ѫ֮£һ޳ȻҲʲôˡ
ڵȴڣ㱾ˣԻˣ
ҲǧԽҴУΪԼһʱѪ֮£
˭еΣ
ңڵǣлǣŵ⡣ʲô飬ʲôˣֻҪǣ֣ͻ÷ǳӣѴá
οԷ۾Ắ½µ󳬼ţ
ҶŭҪӣѵЩͲҪ˲ɣ仰ֻ˵˵ȴЩ˵ڡ
Ϊ˼ҲҪӣ˼ҵȭͷԼĴ
û취飡
ⱾǸȭͷǵ磡
ԼҵȭͷܴܴͬмǧأֻζϵĶ֣ȭͷѣ
ΨһĽܹȫܹ˺ֻнõĵΪ룬˽һ̸ʾҷ֮࣬Ҫ˶Էޣǵ׸٣ǲܹݣǮƣ˲Ǹ
˵仰ģǹˡ
һķƤСݸɡ
ϼһ˵һڣѵ֪Ѿȥ̸ˡ
ô˵ͬʱʵ
𰸾ǹغδ̬Ƶ򣬸ǹغ˵
ǳŵ˵ϼβסŭԼһУǵǡǾĵе񵤣ȫҪĹ׳Ȼÿٸʮڵ⳥⣬˵ܹμˣÿԶһۣ󣬻Ҫںͺģй¶Լģ顭
䣡
˶ʱը˹
ˣͳͳͬһʱըˡ

̫ˣ
ô
ôŵ죡
ǽǵʲôˣôô𣿼ֱǽǵֽģǴԲ𣿡
ɱͷҲܴӦ˵
ʵ̫ˣ
Ű죬˾ߣŭء
ϼΪ˷ֳһƬԷŭҶ֪ǰ˴壬⼸ǧһֱϢֻïʢҲ˶ѣȻǴ۷ʱڣҲֻˣһЩȣǻˣ˺ܶࡣ
һεҲϧľϵײ֮ܽĵ֣ŴҶΪʲôôƴϧѪȥ񵤡
һǵļ巢չӼǧǰѾȥһƿ׶ΣҪչȥ׳ȥе£ǽڲܵ顣Щϰ֮ϵĸŸӲǿԣһεĵ֮еϴ赤ͨͳ⼸壬ǧеǧѷꡢ
˳Ĭ׷׵ͷ
ҲǴĵġ
һҪŵӣмޣȴҪԴԴϼĿƵ˵ǵļ壬ͲȱţȴûԴԴ⵼ˣǵĹڵһƿ֮󡭡ͻͣͲǰϤĵӿ⡣


358 ȺȺ
Щ˵ƿڣֻҪһ쵤ҩܰȻȹǣûԴֻܸɵۣͽκΡ
ıһһıƣһһ޿κΣȻεıߣԵȴֽ̫̫ྫʾ޵ǰƿ谭֮һ˾ʹֹˡҲı
ȵ񵤼ϴ赤ǿһţڸոճʱ򣬾ϴ裡Ϊ콾ǻͨƽǵţĳشΪƿʱ򣬲衢ʱͻƣΪɼĳ֣
ǰ˴ϣڣǺò׻ôĴۣŽЩ㵽ȴҪӲȥ
Ҫһζɱǵδϣǰ˴ǱϢ棡һһԶǣǵ裡
ܹӦ
ϼλأʮڲƲÿ˶ģÿ˶Զһ첲ʲô£ǴⵤȥԸ˫˫ţΣĪ˵ʮڣҿԸһڣҵʲôκ裬Ҷܣ
ǲϣ
ֻΪĵҲףҪʲô
Ҷڰ˴ˣ֮ǰǻڱ˴֮Ժ󣬽ǵҲᷴĿɳ𣬼ΪᣬΪΣΪ˸Եһڣȴǹͬѹأ
һأǱɹȥһҪɹȥ
ϼλϣɫңԣҪͬЭΣһأǶҪɹȥ
ˣֶ˼Ѿõֵǰ;Ѿ⣡
˵һٴγĬ
գȴһӱ
ǵģ˵Ķԣȹؿڣвã˽ΣҲҪͻؼң
ǵģһҲָǼǰ;˽ģǱݡ
Ҷһ룬׻ʲô취ܹǰΣȹ
ǼˣĿǰѾ˳ǳǣ󹩷ϣսܶһ
ǼҲûãٶսǸҳַô󳬼ŵǿѹǼĸ֣ԶԿһʱһȴʽжԣӴ֮󽫳ΪصĶ󣬺ͬСɡ
ǰǽҲã˸ã˲ãôŶԣ
ܲܡջɳ²أһ˳˵
һ׷ʣջɳ²֣
ǡϣǴ˶ȫԱػŵ񵤣ΪԷĿڣʵϣֳһˡ͵͵ŵ·
˵
ܵġһҡͷʧ˵취Ҳвͨġŵ޼ɵɢǵĶһ߳ȥᴦǵļ֮£ʲôǴſռģȫᱻǿȡˡ
Ϊֹû⡣
ڷϣӵȥǳǶ߲ȥ
ȷʵˡ
ٶĬ֮С
Ȼϼ˵ߣ취ǿУֻһ¡
οУԣ
Ծ㶼Ŀһ
ʱ˿̣κһᣬκһݶҪץǼƣҶձΪ£ƶûа취ĻôҲ޲ˡ
нҲٶȱĪϣ
ǰƻУȴǶֳˣһСмԴ˷ŵעȻһˡ˼ţ˵һˣڰԶ¶档
ţԶ¶棿ʲô˼һü˼
˸˷ܵĹâȻΪԼ취ȫУǵǰΨһĳ˵桢ԷעЩˣûжԷҪĶȻǱǱɱЩ֮ŵ˱Ȼǳǣҵˣǵ񵤡
ԾҪµǲˣʵȫˣֻ뾡һа취ֻȥǳ֮УΪϣΪϣĵ񵤣Ǿڳǳ͵ʮʮһꣻֻҪܹŵ񵤻ص壬ʤȫˣֻҪǻţֻҪ񵤻ڣǾûа


359 
ֻҪܹص壬ôеֵõģ
Ϊ⽫ζţǵļ壬ϣϣҪٳѹեˣ
˸ž⣬һһ˵
˵˶һĬ
ƻϣȷʵǿеͨ
ǰȴǣҪ൱һš
ȴǵģ޾ļ尾ѶԼʹĥ
գʼѲ񵤵ĻôЩǰٷ֮һûлȥϣ
Ȼᱻɱйߣ
һԷע֮Уֱͷм֣
ҪȻŵעʸ񶼲У
оǣЩͷм֣ǵƱظۣǱӲʺǱ
ЩΨһĳ·
У˶˵ˣЩĿ˸Ǹ
ȻҶпܣҪǸǸˡ
͵Ͼܻȥ
һһߵ֧Լ͵
˭ȥ
Ƿ񶨵ģ
ûǣڻϣԻȥ¡
֪ԼʺǱԾɲԸ
ͬģͬ
ػҪԥˡΪ˼δѾΨһĿа취ƲЦһˣҾͰѻɣڳˣ԰ѽ֮ķ£ΪҿԱ֤ЩˣŶԶף˱ɱԣڳλûһʸ䵱Ǹˣ
ΨЩû¶İ׼ӵܣִ
ĿƽдžĴÿ˵ϻκεĽ֮ģƻ©ǵǰΨһеİ취ϣܹĽ鰲ȥ
ɳƵЦЦ˵λЩ˻ͬһʱΪ˸Եļ壬Ҳ֪˴սٴΡ񣬻Ȫ·ȻܹһУҲʧΪһ¡
ÿЦĿ˵λڳȴûһЦ
˿ǻЦóòҲ̫ûûˣ
֮Уһɱ׳ա
˵ĻȫǴʵͬʱҲ滰
λ˴֮йǻ۵һߣҼʱ˵Ļʵ
ûκˣỳɣûˣܹϣ
Ҷ̻ţԼļ˭ԵΡôĻ֮˶Ǳɵġ
ôһ룬ĵ׷˺ܶĹη塣
ǿˣͨˣν·ǰҲδô£ٻϣӲô
Ȼʱһ͵ͻأ𣺡취ȻΪУȴѾˣôô
˴һΪİ
Ѹ񽻻㣬óһۣ֮ˣڰ˴κһҡ
֮һˣ
ܿδĴƣܾķߣڶػһ岽һڣȻ˵ˮòһֻӬɲΪɴ˿̾Ȼôһ˽͵ôã˾Ȼ˲
ؼĻڣ˾Ȼ˴Ҫļƻţ
˭Ŀһ䣬תͷѭȵ
ң
Ӳ̴ľͻȻ䡰䡱һȫѣһͬһ֧ǹһվſڣĿעˣҼȻǻĹˣȻһߣǼưٳڵȴѾƺԼǧ֮˥δţЩˡƲߣǺüƲߣغܰ
˵˵ǹ죬˻ȻǿĸıԼԭϳı
ĿƣĹǰˣһӣȴֹס˼˵Ķ
ļƣϵϼԾھ֪Ϥ˴ĴƣȻôȥȻ©ȻҪµȵȣȴӵһ㣬ǲֹһ㡣
ȣԷȻôǹƥһǰңôԼЩ˾ۼĵطȻѣ
κ˶ô
ҪôȫİţҪôг뻯书аһ˾ͶԸԼˡ
Դ˿ڳ˵ĶĿȫȻΪ֪͵ʵͿɼһߣ֮
ΣǸؼģΪУϢ뿪ʵȻȻҲȥûѡ뿪ô˾൱Ļᣬ󳬼ŲԨԴٶûжٺøУ˵Ļ˻߷ɳΪƻһԮҲ˵ˣȻȫȻתٱҪֹ࣡


360 ˭
Ƶ治˴һƬ֮䣬˽ҪͷѸ㣬˵ǵɾɲȻһ֮ͣ࣬ϸ˵侲о̾һ
˵֮У˼µţ
ƺԼôˣоֻһƬ߹һ
ԴţΪãûо˴Ŀһ£Ҳϣǰδֹ̫ۣ
¼ȻѡֲԭʾˣǴ˰ɡƵЦţͣҹˣڷ衣
һ˵һȴвϵ˼˻˭أ
Ӧòˣ
֮еˣȫûбҪ棡
ô˭
Ȼζֺα棿
Ԥϰ
ʹɲˡ˵ЦЦ˵óȻλ𾪣ĺܸȤƻȻǶѾȡ壬ôи˵ңҿڰչǡ
ԾдգҪһ£òõǵ˵ܹôУи֮˺εȽҪܸصˣĥʲôأ
Ȼɫ㣬ĵΪ֮ԭ²뻳⣬ǿΣ񰡣һھͽеķ˼£¶вζѵԼղŵ룬ȫ̴ˣ
ȴ˷һЦûҵĳ⣬ұȻ˵ٿʬҰĲҵ֣ȻһʵȡһطãǷˣһ£Ǳˣôĵ񵤣˻֮Уǲıﰡ
ͷŭԭ˵Ŀǵ񵤣˵ʲôչˣʲôʬҰﲻǵ񵤣Ȼ˵ûʣʵǿɶ
ˣǳ׷Լԭֹ룬ַһͷѵ
ز֮еء΢䣬ֻǰ֮⣬ɣеõ˵񵤡ңƺҲһʱΣվС룬Ҵܲµ˭ˡ
˵˵Ʋƣʱ˿̣㣬ܹµóΡҪô
ƲȻЦⲻҪίʵҪ
˵˵ǰҪǣеļƻѾˣҪǣǶ޿κΣ
Ŀ¼ȻеڴˣȻȫ˵İգȴа취ȷʵݣŵˣԩͷծȻѾԾ¶ĿɣƿһλĻֶΣ
ҡͷƣԭһߣһʶʱˣػȴ˵㲻˴Ļ֪һϯǽǼϲ·ô
˺󼸲ߣն˵ˣԭתأ˵ʲôʶʱȻҪȴҲҪװףһ֣Ƴݣǵ˻Ȫ·ϣҲ߶Ķ󣡡
һжʮλ˲ɢγɺΧ֮ƣŰΧм䡣
ͬʱΧ𾯽ĸҲ׷ν˰Χ
Χ֮£Ǻ޿ܣ
һһλĸȳžǵ⽣Ӱ˸
˵룬ֱӴǵȫ̲һ˿ϣڳÿ˶Ǻ͸
ҼӰѾɱƺʲôͻȻһֱڹŪ飬һξֻһǰȴ̰֮ҷĵ񵤣ԵģֻҪɱǵļƻԾɿԽУ
仰һ˵˶ʱһܡ

˵һɣڴʱ֮ͬˣѾ֣ȴһӰӶûС
Ȼ˾һģ
һԣǵܹһپɱԭƻ㻹תʵʩأһӣ
Ǻۼ˹ԽԽͣԵ֧׾һһϸȻУһ֮£ʱǧӰ֣ưޱȣЦƹȻǻ۾ˣֻֻƾЩˣסôҼȻеȫ˵ֶΣ


361 
ûд𻰣ȴҲûжֻ֣ĿϬעź˵һС
ÿһγ֣ÿһӳ
УڽŵļţԼȻ˵Էŵˣʵһնûеġ˵ٶȣ֣Ρ
˭һЩأ
ϸţȷš
ԣõĽһֺܲ֡ܲϵĸоȻǿ󣬵һЩνӵĵطԲڣǺӲġ
ʩչƶٶȹȻ죬ȴƺǶƴգǿдġ˸ûıŹ򡭡ȫƾΪӲšΪʲôأ
ԶʮλԪȫΧȻҵĽλǺܸߣδԪǿ֣֮ʼǶʮλԪֵʵκȴҲСɡûʵ죬ܹס࡭󳬼֮УĸҲԲܶ࡭
ȴֲһںǳš
ۺ֣˵ݣںխķΧ֮ڣоȫӡأΪʲô
Ŭ˼š
ٹƬ̣жԭΧػĻսţγɺϹʮ֮Χһ˵ľ档
ѵսκһλͬ׸˵쳣ģǡ˻ԸⱩ¶ʵʵΪǰᣬȻֻиӳķݡ
״ȻʵǿᣬԽӦ׽ĸо
սĳӾ磬Ǻڰһ裬һС֮£ĵĺ۾Ȼһӣѣͷܣһֻ±Ҫش
ۼԼδ֣޼ɵǿŭȻһƻ⹥һ漴ŭһƣ㵱ʱʹɱôΪһƴ
˵Ȼɱ䣬ѵǾܻȥô㲻£һᾡ£
仰˵ɭȻ֮ڳƴһս̬μǿ
ۼɱȻȻעɱ⣬Ǿ;ˣƴƣ֮õ˽ռ
֮ºٺЦ˵˵λһؾôưŪǷǣղ˵ļƲߣȻһ֮ЧĺüƲߣȴ轨ػ֮հȫǰ֮£һػ֮˷⣬ӣ⣬һɶԣ˼ܳɣֻȷ֮еһõ񵤣ʵǸܹյҶˣҪ˵øôʵǰο͵ԼСͽȻΪޣǰ·ηͷѰ;
һͻ˵ʣ˵ĹƾʹΪ֮һ͡
Ƽ״󾪣һ˲Ŵ˵ΣҵļƻȻΣղ棬ֻҪͬһ⣬ɹɣÿһҵĶˣҾУ᲻ǷֻҵȣҵȲͬЭ´ˣĻͷ
Χ֮ԣٶȺ͹˾Σ
ǺЦΣôҸղű˵ƲߵȻУӹɣʱ尲˵ʱȻҲн˵֮⣬бļҲôԣ⳽ǳ棬ʵǴĵ񵤡
һЦܹȥһҪ뾡취ֶΣ屣ĵҲȫ㵽ô⺮½ϣҲûʲô˴壬ֻңһ壡
ʱƾôĵ񵤣ȫһʮܹļ壬ռеĲҵʱܳΪһš
һ˵һЦأһ㣬սȻ̬᧿Σȴܱܿһ֮䡣
һʼֻ˵ĳ壬ֱ˵ϼˡ
˵ĻȴǾ޴󣬼ֱͺһըӽȺ֮У˴ͬգը÷ֱٲ
ÿһ˵ɫЩԾˡ
ƴŭ˵Ѫˣˣ
ƮƮ˵㲻ôʧˣ
һ˲Ҳͬһʱڹͬһ仰㲻ô
Źˣ
ʧô
вŹأ
ɫϣ촽£㡭Ѫˣ䣬޳֮ȣ
Ц죬˵ҲǶ˵ʧôȻѾʧˣǾʧ䣡˵ȻţƲߣģʱֻҪԼһ£̽Ѱ䣬


362 ⱰС
ϾܲµĲ࣬˭һˣӦôôԸ
ˣ㡭ƲģǶҿ϶ΣʱЩѾȫˡôҲ֪
ǸӲ֪еİţսΪϼǧҵ벻Ǹ˰ڵһĵ񵤣󣬶ֻһҶУ
ģƵķЦȻԷǣȴȫ
һЦĴһ㡣
һЦδ꽫գ
˶ɫһ԰ף
ǰӵĻվֻܱϼѣ
ΪƻʼٸƣļȫȻͲĻ˵Ķ֡
ȻƵĻֻǵ󼦷ɵһգ
Ψһܹռ˵ģϼ壬ֻϼѡ
ôţֵȾ͸ӵСˡ
뵽ģƾôıɣΪһ֮˽˹ƣЩĶ񵱣˿̾Ȼָ֮£һôǿĳǿġԽԽӾǸɵư
˿̣ҪѪˣ
쵰ǴģͷԾôʹ˵ЩԼҲܹ뵽ԼṩƲߵʱľֻһƬģʵʵûİ
ۼֽ֮ƾ֣޺޵һҧͻȻڰգѾʣſڴƻƣѪ˵ļСˣ˵ʲôҲ뿪ǰ˴δ񲻾;СУ
Ƶ仰ˡ
ǷôһûôȻˣҲûг£ˣڲǺبڸͷϵһУһȻ뿪˵أڸԣһտ԰
ܺ˵ǲģ½Ρ
Ҫ֮£ȴһҪȽ£ɱ
ˣܱϢй
ҵȼȻ֪ϼҪôôҲĪķ
浽ʱϼҪô
᲻ûзɵĿܣ
ȻƵĻ뵽ҵû뵽ģڿֵܳľȻع⣬ٲ׸ɵƣ
ߣֻһʱûһ㣬ֻҪܹ뵽˭ֲҪôأ
ͬͬ
ʱ˭ռ˱ˣ˵úء
˭ܹռˣҪ֮ȴˣ
ܣԲй¶
ôһ룬˼ǲԼͬĿʼƴ
һҪɱ쵰
òϣίʵǻĹˣȻĪ֮أƾڲŷתƣ̶һ仰ȴֱӲ˱˴˵ϵٶȽѾƽսٶƸߵһ߶ȣ
Ʈɣܣڵ⽣Ӱ֮УȻʱ𣬵ȴԽԽǼѣǱΧѹƣɹܵĿռԽԽ٣ۼƲٶȷЦƣֶΣĻֻһ仰þ淭ת
Ȼ˵ŻһͻϮĹȴǶһļͷӹһѪ⡣
ȴ˺Χ׶ȳ˼ѪĹƣۼڵ֣Ȼһ𣬹ƾȻˣ
˾ԼܴʱȻŭŭһ
һⱬ
ȴ׶ȱʵзˣ
ֻǺ˻±ɫĹâһȦһȦ⽥ɢ͵ػӶݡһϵ¾Ȼһ潣ɽ
潣ɽڿһ֮䣬šˢһֻʮʹ佫ȥ
ÿһɫԪʣȻֳĺɫ
ƺ˺󣬱ŭ֮£ܶʶʩչУ
ˢˢˢˢ
ΧͬʱҽһȴǱȻˣѪӿ
һˣش
ƾϬзȻһһּµʹѹ֣ĴеѪǲĽ˾ͽ˾ͽɽɵĻ쵰ȻͼðˣⱰСˣ
ͬʱ֮Ҳϳַɵĳŭԭ㣡
ǺɳƵһЦϴˣġȻ˵棬ˣ
Ÿղ潣ɽֳһ˿ɢңһһգšءһһ糤һĺȻ֣貣ҹ𣬻һ˳ȥ˳ȥ
ȴһ
߲֮εһ֮˶æ


363 ˾ͽ
ΪǿȻᱻһԵƥľкţһУԼ˲仯⣬һҪͬ
ȻעҪ˭Ҳڽ찡ôңס
ںëɽôֻ»Ҫں˿˿һëϵһ˿
һ๦ԷܣΧ֮˲ƣͷҲأԳҹգټ⻪һ֮֮࣬ȻʧӰ٣
սĸڵϣأԴڴϢȻǾδ
ɫ࣬վڵأ
˾ͽ񣿡˺ɵʵ
ԲѪԪտ֮࣬죬½ֻһı£ǲɽɵĲĽ˾ͽ񣡡
شģơ
һߣȴǸ֮йΪǿ֮ˡ
ȴ˵˵˾ͽŮ࣬һ֮ʱ߻ħһΪϣ֪Ӻδҵ˵ɲйҲ֪Ƿ츳ǹϣ֮󣬷ǵƾΪͻͽҲӴ˳һر֮ǡ֮ۺɫһǧǰнķɲԳĶŹ޵ڶˣ
ԭˡⷬǻȻ
ѹ֣һʼʱϱ¶ԼԭȻôһ£һʩչֱӾǱ¶ݡ
ңңעƣĿ⸴ӣ˵ֻǱ˼˵λĽͣʶ˵ѡһλѣ鼫ΪӣǲΪ˵
ɫѿһԲ
λ˾ͽǰȻΪ˵񵤣ΪֻƾһˣȻʵǿᣬûȥġһֵʵΪʲô
һ˵ԭܼ򵥣Ҫ޻ɣΪɳ֡ҪռǵԴһƱػǺɵìܣ˫֣ܾˣų⣡
ţΪʲôô˵һʵ
ȻղλĽͣѾƵʵĿģôﶼܲ
ǡһ֣ƻȴҲʹ̥С
ң˵ȴҲֲƣ˼ӿ죬һ뵽ˣԼ뵽ˣ϶ҲɵģҶˣ
ڴҴһģʵûʲôڧҶǴˣʲôᡣڣһж룺ղƵļƲߣԾǺüƲߣȻ֪ˣΪһﶼ֪ô˿϶ƻİ취ȴƫƫҪô񲻷ȫģ
뷨ģڳ֮У˵˽дͷľԲ
Ϊ棬ɽɱҲŵĴٶҲ취ѹȴһֱǳűϢ˵ǳһǲصıٵģȻϹⲻ˵ģȴֻᱣһݶʼձҪúܶ࡭
˳ͻôÿ˳ʰǣ٣ܹռݵµƸߵ㣬ּĽ
ȻֻҪ˫ìһҪͲһ飬ȻʵǿᣬҲһٽȫ𡭡ԳЦЦϾǰ˴ھǵĸֳ˼ǧˣǼǧͷɱһʱƬҲɱġʱ䣬͵Ǹɽṩѵʱ䣡
ܹһ˶ʧģҳ϶ӳǳǣʧڿҰ֮УΪ㣬عɽšǻ˱ץס׷ɱҩʧȥܹصɵĵ񵤣ҲһǾ󲿷ֵģֻҪҩˣߵĻô˵ǣҪ׷ֻҪ˵ҩڻط;б٣ûеҩԸ⸶൱Ĵ۸ţȻ˸ۣȴձסˣôɽɵδ𣬾˵Ц
ƲȻЦ˾ͽȻʶǰ棬һѡ˳£ⱾͲǶôֵֵ飬ʵǱ˴֪ô֪뵽ʲôת˲뵽뷨Ǳ˴֪ٺ٣ٺ١
ЦЦ֮УȴһƬȻ
˾Զԡ
˵֪ãһƣľڳҵǸ
һǾͱԭƻˡƿˣȻֶԼ䱸ɫɵĸεһЦ̾˿Ǵ˵ĻŲɣ϶ƾһСˣ


364 ͬ飿
һʱɿֱ͸õһ㡣
ΨɫȻ֮ԣǣҼԾڵĻпŶôô˵Ҽ˼ʼ˵ԼһΪҼԼô
˵ĻЩģڳ˾ǵˣ֮ģаȻʱȷʵû뵽һڻҪַϣˣԼŵģ
֮į˵ŲţʵҪֻǰΣǰΣԡһضɲȥǻ˵ʲôԺĹĶǣ˵ǲֻŲţţ
ҪôأҶڨڨЦЦζ࣬ȻƵĽ䱸֮Ȼûо
ԣЩĻ䣬ǿ˵ǻ⸣˾ͽôһ֣һ顭
ܹ޻ţȡȡֺγԮأ˵ȥƸĪԣͬĴδؾͲ֣ǲ룬ܹǶһġ
Ծǰһ
Ƹδؾһõĺ飻ʱһΣȹȥʱҲǰеĵУƸʱ򷴵˴ֻԵٶ顣
飬ȴʾϿɣкܴᷢ飬ܲǡ
ţ⻰еţɿ϶ģǵͶɽ£ϲ⣬Ƹ֮ʵǿĹǣǴڵġԶ׼ҶôȻҶеĻֻ¾ֻʣһ·
Ŀ˸ţһ·
һ׷ʣһ·һ·
һֵһԺѡ񣬾ǡ鱦󣡷֮裡
һ㶣漴ǰһ˵ƣ
ڶ֮УڴΣյģ鱦
⵽ģҲ鱦
Ϊʸ֮ĵģͬ鱦
ֻ·˵鱦Ȼν½ԵУڰ˴˵ȴɿѣ
Ϊֻ鱦Լ˵ĵ񵤣ûκͼ
񵤱鱦ġ
ĿǰõʾЩ񵤺ܴ鱦֮Ʒ
˵ΨһԵ֮ĵֻ鱦һҶѣ
뷨ǲǻˣȫûҪ˵
⣬鱦һĺôǡ
鱦ڵİ˴壬Ҫѣ
Լ˼룬ǵϢᱻϱ
һ㣬ȴѷ鱦Ϊѣһô鱦󳬼ţʵȻ˲Ȼȴ಻ᵱǿȥնȹˣ˴õ鱦ķɣ˵鱦ķɡ
ڣ˵˴鱦ȹ˴Σ鱦ð˴ȹΣֻ˫˴öȹΣ˫ѹϵǼȶʵֻҪΣΪѵİ˴壬鱦Ǳ˽ﶨһ񵤣ΪöԷǿеʱ鱦϶ؿǵģӦôӳԶ㣬һݺӵľ޴Զ棡
ôԶĽĺôǰǻŹעľѣǲɵƣ
Ǿȥ鱦󣬴ͬ飬ͬǿ
һʱ䣬־ϣȻﵽ˿ǰͳһ

ˣţҲǱΪǡĽ˾ͽ񡯵λһֱȥ˺ԶԶ֮ȷ˸֮࣬һۣʧһǽ档
˲ԾһƬƽ
ֻ֮¶һģȫһϹϵȴ½µһɱ֣䣡
߼޻¶ۣ̫ôĲ˳ˡ૵˵˳ˡԼͷһקһССѪңǽǡ
ʱѪ罦
Щ˼ⶫͦαװ˿ν޷졭ԺֶΣƱؿУճ䲻⹥䲻֮һֶΡҲ֪λҶӴѧģô˼ȴôЧİ취
ôˣЩǸҲˣһȥǱɵôˣ̫鼼ˡ
ٶȴһһ㣬ڽҹ֮С

ûĿ񱼣



365 
ڱ׷ɱ֮С
ԣ淴⼿̫鼼ˣ
淴伿֮УҲֻͱѣ
һҪһ޴ѣ
Ϊֱɱ۹ǲɱֵĴӪ֮С
ڵǱҶЦĵ㲦⼸£ΪԭˣһοܾҪˣ
ˣҲһغ
ʱҶЦձʵӦ֣ԼѵģҲΣյһɱ˳λڶ
Ȼٴ֮һԼ򵥵
ҶЦĹĺܼ򵥣ֻȥһ˵ľۼأð䳽ʳ͢٣ɢһ³͢ҪΧ˸ɱֵϢЩ˵˼ңﵽ۹ɱȫ뿪Ŀġ
ľͽ˶ѡ
Ŀص㣻νꣻ֮ǰɱҶЦʱ򣬾ۼϿƽƽ棬ʵȴһһɱֵľۼء
Ȼ˵سܹҵɱ֣ͬʱҲǴϢṩ鱨ĳ
Ȼһжڰнеġ
ֵطɢһЩҥԣ˵νǺѶȡ
һԭɱ֣ڻɱֵˣȥһɱֳڣɢһЩʱȷǷʵϢʵûѶȣ
ڰʱǾã᲻̫ˣ
Ҳ񣿣
ǱߣһɤӺȥ֮Լòƴ˴
òƣĳˣ
ֻˢˢˢˢˢ
ˢˢˢˢˢ
ˢ
λɱͬʱڿնԼ˹һС붼˸ҫԣ
ԶһЩĵطȻиڿն𣻺ѹѹͬһƬƣܵض˸ɱֱ嶷ţ
ɱ־ɵˣ
Բۣ
ô£
ôİ
½Ķɱ֣ȻȫＯˣ
ҵѽ
ͺһȣһͷǣһȺľۼҪȥҫһȥ֮󣬲Ȼ֣ҿⲻȦ⡭
֮еͷ򰡣治û򣬷ֻǧͷʨ
Ǿǰȫһ
ֻҪһ£ͷӦûʲôоڵоʲôо
Ǽֱͷͬһʱһͷ˴ڶ
ŷˣ
һֻü˵һ仰
һֻ֣
Բۣ
Ȼ˵һתȾܣ
ǧɱֶڸ
ץס٣
ˣ
зʬ
ȺӿͬʱХɱ׷ᣡɱִǰعɱ·ͻȻֽ߳ɱ
ʮҫԵڿշ˺ƺƵʮ
ڿ˸Ű貵ĺâ
һƣҲŵ˿ӣ
쵨ˣʵⳡ̫ˣôҾǰһССĳʹԱôֱǴɽӣںϣǧݣ
Բ۰հ

ǰƹƶԸƸ¥´˰
ƫƫһͷײģ
Ȼ͵
Ŷҡ̫ˡ
ۻں޵һ·ƴĿ񱼣Ӵܣۡ
һɱǾ׷ᣡ
˷֪ʲôʱԼҪк
ͷֻ˷ɱ
ۣ
ࡡ֮еһƺߣȴܵøˣΪģֻΪƨϣλεĲѷɵ
һƨɵһѣȻǳԳƣ۴󷽵úܣ
һ׷ɱǣдɵһ·ҡҷԵķɱٶȾȻе֮ǰҪ죡
˰
ɱֶ֮̾࣬Ҳһ£Ϊʲôսƴߵʱ򣬿սѾûˣֻҪʱһսƨϣܹսܵķ۵糸Զʤƽʱ
ڿǰƨѷɵҡҷأܵ÷ˮǵļһһɱлȻȻ
ԭʵһս
ಡ
İͬưñ꣬ܣŷߵкеϵطҽС

໣
գ
ѽѽ
˻
ٶʼհ㲻ҪĵڣҪ˵ˣƴߵͷ¾Դ˿ˣҲܹƾŹܳأ
ɱ׷ᣬҲǷ˺ݣĿˣ϶ѾĸƵˣȻܵñӻ죡
ҵҪѾĵܵʲôʱȥ


366 һǧ
ȻȴǱȽϺòûбҪԡѪųֵȻûбҪʼʧѪ̫֮࣬ǰǿһԪѾɢ߰˰ˣ۾ѾʼģҲ֧ţȴǰһͻȻ
Ҳ룬ܷӦһ̧־һԭȻάϵ壬ٸ転һ˹ȥһǰηƣ
Ϊֻ֪Ҫһ岻ȥôԼٵľǱɵĽ֣
ʱ˿̣ڵһʱͻΧԶȥ˲ܼ֮еĶݰȫ
ң
߳һ
ΨСȥһѾɥʧǣֻսȴѾ޷Լĳˡ
һ
߶һѤõĽߴ
λ߶˸ɫԪɱ֣Ѹ׷
ǰˣȴǸ֣֮еĸ֣
ͻȻɱ
һ˲䣬ƺȻֱͦһ¡
УͻȻʹӸղŵ侲ݣ˸ɽ۵£
վڿУͦͬһ
ӵأ
һ̣һкȻһѽ
һˮһĽ
˸
֮⣬Ҳûκζֻ۾ȵĿŶԷλٳɱ֡
ЩɱֵĽαƽ񣬾Խȡ
ϵɱ˶ʵʣһ̣ǵһɢȥ
䱾Ծһ
棬ƴһϹλɱ֣λԪ֣ͻȻ֮䣬ͬһʱÿ˶оһȥµëȻ
ǶڼΣ֮еľ
ƺԼǰͻسһԶɱ
ÿ˶һֱǳȥ·һ
Ǹָܵоʱɱûȫ汬ȥ

ɱ־ͬһʱһͬѡ
ȫԥʱƴͣסǰŲþԼеԼ壬ض˿У
ǰһˣ֮ǰʵ̫ȻѾƴԼȴֹסǸǰĹԡ
ֹͣڿеʱȴѾ嵽ǰһ֮أ
ôľ룡
һ˲䣬ֻоԼµļƤȫðˣһŶһ˫ȵɢűըȼһɱλɱһƬ
ңֻһͷӣ
Ϊǰ֮ԾˣۼɱԷݱǳԤϵǣǰɱȻûж֣
ֻĮĿⶢԼƺڿһûκʬ塣
ûж֣
˹ֽһĵѵ˺󼸲ŲģЩˤڵء
ֻһɽٺľϲӿͷҪͷлɱ֮
̫ˡ
ɱǾȻûж֣
ԭ糱ˮһӿɱִ󺣣ÿһ˶޷졢Ϊ֮ͽ˿̣ʱ㣬һˣͻȻǳˮ̵ĵ̰ӣ
ֻһ˲䣬ѱȫƣ
ǰȻˣû˵ҲûκεĽһֻôƽվڿУĮ֮У˸ֿȵģ˿εģɱ
һ˲䣬жһ޷Ĩɱ֪ˣɱ
ԼֻҪǰһͻᱻɱеڶֽ⣡
ֻҪһ֣Լûκһܹס
˵ؾۼ˲ǧɱ֣ǵȥͬʱƣȻ䣬ȻǺ½һɱ֣Ҳֻһ˲䱻⽴
һ̣ȫȻ޷̰һΰĹµӰȴڳκһ˶ǲ
һһǧɱ֣һ壡
ǰһ
Ǻεƣ
󣬰ӰȻĿѣԣ
䣡
Ǵ˵еĵһɱַɣ
磬ɷµһ֮
ʸ˭һλɱԽڶֵعǰ֮ˣʵ
ĿԾɲԲϵɱȴٶȼſռ
λɱ־ֻǱһֻۣһۣȴʱо亹ܿصӿһϮ˲ʱʪ͸һ֮˹
һ̣˽һĶȴǳɱˣڿлתȥ
УʼգһԲ
ǧɱ֣ĿתȥıӰȫ޶ȴǱ壬һ˸Ҷ
ϣ
˶һĽ죬佫еĽֲ˽ʡ
Ȼ󣬾ôִ̤ǰУԽԽͣƺڲε¥ݣ԰УһһӸߵͣߵ棬ȻתΪһǰУǰٶȹȻȴ־Բ죬ٸٱ۳ϵ
ͬʱ𲽵һ̣ͷҲصһ仰
ҲֱȥΨһ˵һ仰
ڳʵ۹Ұƾǣʸ񣡡


367 ż񰡣
죡
ɱֶоһĪ𶯣ֻ˵𺳡
ʱֻ˲ŵǸһּز˵ˡ
΢ȴ顣
ٹƬ̣˵Ӱչ˽ֽǣʧ˵Ұ֮С
ɱֵȴֲѡ
ˣ
ˡʲô˼
ˣһ˵ڹٳ֮Уϼơ
ţ֮ǰɱ׷ɱˣ׷ɱԭ򲻾ԳԼǳʵ۹ĹԱôеĴˣ岻ԶȻҡ
˵ɱһȻڳʵ۹ٳˣ
벻ʵ۹ٳ֮УȻţӵȾ춯Ϊĳ֣
жǣǡǵԳʻʹ֣˵ĻԼмɻİգ
ȥֻȫ亹
Ϊ˵Ľ۶ǣʤȫã
ˣʵ̫ˣ

зݹۿһϷĻһˣһɱˣҹжһˣı
ҲҶЦˡ
ҶЦ֮ǰƴڴٳޱߺ֮ļ޻𲢣ĽƣΪ̣ͬʱҲΪʵܰ첻ô򵥵ҲûӦɲ֪أĵ׷ĳĲҶЦƬ̣Ϊȫ֧ţ˵أһͿһݵľϷ
ҶЦƿĿɿڴĿľһعⳡϷֻͷӿ֮࣬ٸһͷڶ
ҿ
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣ
ֻô򵥵һվǧɱ֣
ѵǴ˵еġţСԣ˭˵á
ȷɣǾƥǹ
ǣɵǡǰĿĿǵҰɧҰ䰡;һ㣬϶ˣأҾأ

ҶЦƵͷײǽ
ôɵĽƸӻңֱǹ淶ɱİ
ҿˣ
濿ˣ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ҶЦƵĹȥһž﷭ȥ˵š
Ȼϱˡ˿ѪģȻܷ²ε𺳣ȵļ
ڲĿ޾ȡ
һս˵һ̱ǴУˡ⣬Ǹ֣Ŀ꣡
ж磬Ųһ⣡
һȺ۸ף
ԺֻҪһղ棬һѪڣ
ڴ֮ǰ仹ֻηĶ󣻵ӽ֮ԾͱݼĤݵż
УһҶЦڶˣ
ţԣһ̣һ̣ǵһҶЦ䵽˵ڶ
ɫ䣬Сϸµذ˿ڡ
治֪ǺûǲãǼûɣҪNɱ׷ɱ˵ãòҲȻϴˣȡʮöڡ롢ɵ޼಻ʤö٣ĳôİȻûһöҪ֮˰
Ȼίʵ㲻ˣ
ҶЦ߽ੲݵĳݣɵ̾ι˵ҾͲˡǵжȫƫ˼ȶĿĵķԭúõĲԣǸ˽Ȼ෴ЧǵڵʲôأǷѽⰡ
Ŵԣɱͬʱסˡ
ĳݣӴϹȻʵĵװˬޱȵ䣡
ҶЦյüģλ磬̫̫ˣɧأأأ´أ
ɱٲղòԼɵĹһͷɥ
ҶЦ̾Ĵָ֮󣬰µ˾ȻһüɫĴһĹ򾲣ܴǲǺˬ
ɱ࣬һֱ쵽ӡ
ҶЦҲ̾˿
ԭмƻԤҪڽȫƳȥƲϷһ̨һ̨ڿȻǲˡ
µһɱǳǣǿƸߵȻƻֱբϣ
ҶЦΨһȷľǡԷϳûУ
ôɱ֮УֻҪһ˳ôͺǺǺˡ
磬ɱ֣㵽æģ̨ģ
ˣȥ鱦Ǳߣ
ҶЦϡ
ȻٽһʲôǾԻص鱦ɽۻɡ
ҶЦҲֻ̾ԭ㽫Ƹ¥ҲһģԽңźȡ



368 
һҹ˱ģֻ˵ıҶɹģֻںޱߺ
ں½һĳţ뺮½ǿصɱ֯
չǰ𲢣
һҹǼˣ
ѾʲôԹԹӲʲôˣȫȫһ
ĸ˿ʼʼҵķ͡
ޱߺǱߵĽɱ֣Ҳڸͬھ
һޱߺĸʥͬʱҲ֮ǰȥƵһλ
ʵΪۣô죬ЩŮ죬ģһ˽̰ȴְޱߺϹ治ΥεŻᣬ񲻺ȸʹ죬پȻֹһ룬һ˱ʮ̳ļƷŮ졣
ǺپⱲӾҲûƺƵãǵȼС
ںȾƵĹУޱʥ˵һĻ
ʵǿȥˡ
˵ô˱ûȹƵá
ֲԺܺˣȵôʲôޱʥü˵仰
˭֪پƣԺܲܺȵϡλʥͷ͹ࡣ
˭Ҳû뵽仰Ȼһߣ
ս֮£ƾһʵӲ˳ɣȱսΣ֮ʱԲһοè˷ս
ƾͷԷȣӵĺη
ޱߺһߣ죬ȥ磡
ԼƷþƣٲȻԼ֮һơ
֪˵Ƕͷƣоƣ
ۼˣµޱߺɱֶʱ۾
ɱֿɲͨɫ
һҲǳϦദʮϸֵܣ񣬾Ȼһս֮оû
ޱʥХ
ޱߵľһ˲Ϥڶ
Щڣ
ԼΪҪΣķʱ̣ƫƫҪʲôƣԼ޴飬λֵܵ
ǲôƣԸʥԪƷʦΪƽ侲СĽĸԣԲ
Ǻ˾֮λʥرúη
ȴҲˣ
ҹѣСϲߣΪһζǿʹ;
˲˭
һ£ʵȴһ£
ޱʥХţʹԷɱ¾й
ѹ׵ɱɽһӿɵŨ֮УȥݺӵĶ롣
һԷ¡ޱʥ˿иһ
һֵĽ
һѪԣ֣вҽ棡
ޱʥʵ쾡µķӣ
Ϲ˫ʮλ֣ķʽսƴɱ֮أνѪùǻʹǰļ㳡׵ĻٵˣȻתս̫֮Ӹҿֻתս֮أҲ͹ȥˣ̫Ӹֻٵһѡ
治ֻΪ̫Ӹ治ҵǸҵĵصฮΪޱߺฮֱӱٵһ롣
޼Ӵ˼ɫฮϿƴɱĸ֣ҧгݡ
쵰ôͻȻܵҼ
ӻ֪һսԼĻ֡ʼٸߣľӹΰ
޼ṩޱߺ鱨޼ɳıߣ˵˳ᢡ
ҶЦʵʩʤǧ
ȫ޼ɵİڽУֻ޼ɺҶЦû뵽ǡһţʼٸ޼ɵļһٵһ롭
֪֪࣬ǻŻأŻأֻŻأ
ˣ϶һĻָۡؽǿ϶Σ
⾪춯صһսվ˫ܾĻճ
ޱʥ˺ۡҴλɱǱȥһ仰Ӵ˺ޱߺڣݣ
һ˵Ǹ滰Ժ½ǿţܹǽ֮ˣͼݣ˵ΰˣ
⻰ޱʥ˵ȴǳ滰ζŽֲѪȱٵͷϣ
ʵޱߺһݲεʧѾܲˡ
ޱߺһ˵׾ֻɱ֣һλʥˣ˺۱ʲôʼȫ˵ģߣأ
һʼսʮˣ½߰λּսţϼƶʮˣڳߵļɷ壬սסһԪǿŵȷֵǻᣬЩʹȥ
ʮĸ˲սվֻʣʮһˣ
ˣȫɱ
ң״ңʬ޴棡
ǵͷ㣬ονǴܿ䣬һͿء
ۿµӲҲ̶õĲȱʬ壬Ϊصˣɷҧгݣɫࡣ
ޱߺǲᣬ˫Ѿע˲ݵޱߺһ𣬴¾ܣ


369 ԶƤǹ
УоǣʲôŪ伿һҷ֣Ȼţ˵һ꣡ɷһˣĳ崣Ϣ֮ǰѹµٶȱһѪ쵹䣡
ȴľش
䳹״֮ǰֻü˵һ仰֪ͨɸִٳԮ
ͬһʱޱʥڴϺ˵˿֮࣬ҲǶݺݵޱߺɱ֣㳲ǰǣҪʵˣһȫǳǵ֮Уޱ֮Уޱ֮
Ϊֵܱ𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ӱʮ겻С˱絽
һƽ٣ޱʥ˵仰ʼĻ

鱦
⼸˶һȦһҹһҹ˯ž
ǽҹ˵ڲٱʼ֣͸ӵˡ˵սȫԪ֣͸ӵľ
䰡ǧսӵ
ĵ֮ʣͻȻˢһƿˢˢˢӰȫ׵ķС
ˡ
һɱ
ɱڣ
һ˲ֻоǰ㼱һ͵˻꣬˻ơ
ˣˡɱˡ
ϰһƬ
۾עͻȻĲ֮ͣⲨ׳Ĳ£εΪۡ
Ȳ裬ȻϽԸȥյˮһſڷԸ˵꿴ȻڲľȻֵ˵㶶ʲô
һڻعҵﰡһһէֱһ㣬ˡһΪɱҵɱء⼸ǧҲûô߹
ǾΥķˡ
Ҫʹޡ
ҵ
λĹˡ
˾Լͬһ£ǰδе뻮һʱͷȥ
Ӵ䣬˼Ҳ͵ëȻһ¡
һһǧĳί״ؿ޵ϡﻩĻ棬ʵ̫𺳼溹ˡ
Ż⻭̫Ҳҿ
ҶЦ̾Լȫ̫ʦϣĵһɶɶĵ޷ˡ
һ˲ҶЦĵ׼Ϊˣ
Ϊ˱ģǵΪԼҲʣļ
ҶЦԶ϶Լٶ࿴ģԼһȥʲô£ݵı˭졭
Ǿһѻʵ޻ٵһǧⰡ
ҪǻܳԵȥҶЦһĤݴˣԣ
԰ķſˣתˣôľ¼֮һѼʵ裻һؼȥҶЦ֣صŵ
Զʱ˾ҲˣҲûµıˣ۾ʵģ
ҶЦ϶ĵ˵ͷ
໡һ˸߲ңĳŵŵù϶ûˣҪķſپԲۣһҪȥ
˾֣سŵ㹻ɺ֣ܿܵɲǼĵ޾һɼҪΪԣҲҪŬȥľģ
һ̣еơ
ȸԾɫ
ȫǶδ㽣
־
Ϊ֮Ȼ
һһֱΪµľǸ֣ڷ֣ԭУбҪ飬ǾǡЩ꣺ǾǼʣ
һͷ˵ԭͲ˽ټ֣飬ƣ屡죬ڿ֪ô
һ㶣Ƭ̲ŻζŻһ
״һЦټӿӵ漴̾˿֪ҵʹ࡭֪ôһ˵Ķ棬һֵ۲ʲôʲô̬ʲôʽ޷ǹƫƫ˸Ե߱ȴþ˰취ֻͱԼĶƤϣһͱǺüǧꡭһʲôʹ࣡
쳤Х׳ңҪˣ
ͻȻӯ
þ˰취ֻͱԼĶƤϣһͱǺüǧꡭ仰ҶЦ˶һȻž֮ĵ
ǵǧֲ꣬ܿ
Ǹ˾͵þÿֲ
ڿѾķʴĶӣȻ֪ԼƲЦӦñͬ񣬿Ȼ˵ĳȣ̲ס춯صĿЦ
ҶЦĶֱЦʹˣĸΣö궼ûЦһεɱ֮ת˼ζ֮󣬲û仰̸ñչȥ


370 ˣ
˼ʻˣֻҪЦһЦǾǻۣһһЦһһǰϣģ㡭̫вˣӴ˹
ǸЦˣô£ȻеΣ״̬Ѿǧ꣬Ȼʹ࣬Ҳϰ߶ȻˣţԼҲЦһЦһֵָͷָ䣺λǡ
Ц̫ˣȫﻹаһɱֵӣ
ֻΪǷ£Ȿǳ£˵ȻݵģλԾӡ
һָʹӣ˼ǵǰµݼԼˡ
ӿϰ塣
ˣ֣صĽܵ
ͷˣ
ĳƺһӦǳ͢ˡ
Ҿǳʵ۹ĹԱ
ò˵ϰĲ治ٳ˷Уǳʵ۹ĹٳˣΪȻԷ֮࣬ĵ˵ͷ˵֪һְǺְ˾˵˵ͬŻ˾ѡ
Ծһ㶣Ȼ֪ԼǸƺᣬסЦһһ˵֮¡
⻰˵治ǻԣͿôˣ
仰˹
ǲĵͷǻȻġŶһ߸ϵ˵ԭ̲ˣȴλȨذ
˿ɲʲô̲ˡҶЦ̲סЦһһģ˵˵ĺķʽǹɷ¡
Щɲʲô˵ֹ͢ԱôȫȻû˵ء
Цֱ飬ôû˵˵䣬˿׿֮ˣֻҪ˵֣֪ʲôˡ
ŶһΪȻĵԭ˻һλˡ
룬⳽ʵ۹֮Уòû˵һλλȨصĴء
¶ҿǴ̽ġ
ţ԰˵׾һɱ֣һòҲûʲô٣˵һҲܰѶԷʲôˣɱšˡ
ŷֵĲӾӸµע˵䣿
Ц⽥һɴݵؿ˵ҽ䡣
ֲ䣬䣬ȷ⾳׻˵úã»Ȫԡֵȡǡ
ϲһᣬһֱ˵ˡȪ֣뵽ʲô˳Żͷ˵һ仰׹
һ󾪽С
ļƤð˳
ͻȻ͵վ״˵ղ˵ʲô䣿
䵭ͷʾԼ뵽Ǹˡ
ɲǼٶȶɱ֮䣿
䵭˵ԭϰҲ˵ĳ֣֮
ƺװŷ糵۾ͬһĵ䣬£ɸȻ󣬡ͨһϣ۷ֱͷ󺹺ð˳
ҵġ
䣡
ɱ֮
ҡҸղžȻɱ֮ǰôӡ
ˣ̫屡ˣ̫ˡ
ҵĸүѽ
ֻͷĿѣһʱʹȥĳ嶯Ȼ
˵µ˭ԲҶЦǹŽ
һֱǮԽǮˣԽ
ϰҲˣ
֮ô䣬µĲĸΪǿʵ
ΪƽµģָĪ⣬֪жǿĸˣǽְҵɱְ֡ҵɱ֮УλˣȻɱ֮
˵ֲ䣬ֻΪǵµĵһɱ֣ɱ֮
ϰ弸ǧ֮Уÿ꣬֮˵־ͻỻһΣɱе˴ˣԭɱ֮Ҳʧ٣ֻ߷ʲôġʮʱµ
һޱʥ
һɱ֮䣡
Խޱʥϰ廹Ǹ־䡣
ԭܵȫ¹ϵĵһɱ֣
ޱʥڣɱ֮ͷûа仰飡
Ѿ˵ܶ⣡
״ֱԼֲǸˣǸǿɱ֣Ǹɱ֮ɸһǿתͷ˺Ŀ㡭ɱߣ㡭Ҫˡԭˡʵˡҵĸ찡


371 һ
Ƭ֮ǰ̬ڸ߸ϡһλģϰ壬һӱ˽С΢ֻ˵Ǳϥ״̬֮С
һ˹ȥ
ԲһʶӲʲôĳ˵߻ĳֹӶϵܹ͵ʵҶЦҶЦǷ֮裬鱦ľǾ˵ܹ鱦Ҳȫ˵ͨģ鱦Ĵϰ壬ģ
ǣڶλɱ֮ľԿ־壬㻳צġ
Ŀɨϣ⻹⣬Ļģϰһӣ˱ܷӦˡ
ģҾȻµһɱ֣ͬһ
ֻôһ룬͸оԼһͷӣսսһֻèһȻֻèϿĺͰס
һǷأ
ӾǺӣèè
ҶЦһĻ̾ϰĵУǧµĥ£ôʲôûû͸üʶϾɽв˳ϰȹۣôҲһλ飬ƺ쳾ôôͻô
ѹӦǾ仰ԽǮԽϰ½ǮˣȴҲǸˣ
仰һ㶼٣ԡ
Ͱ͵˵ᾺĽ֮󣬶ԷЩƷѾȫ͵ˡЩµʵ̫󣬲ֿڷ֮£൱һĿǰ¶״̬ǲǡ
֮ԣЩҪĶøϽ취Ū߰¶ڷҲǸ£ĳҲں㲻ڻʼǺöƽ𣬱˵
ȻҪĿǣҴȥǸϽ뿪èɱ֮ҿŷˣ
ҶЦһüͷ˵ûû£ҹȥ
仰һ˵ΪˣʮֲأϵҲϲɫ
ЩĵرԴʵ̫ˣѷŵ棬¶찲ãԭ鱦ʵ۵ɱּ⼸Ҳڿʹ
NɱֵԺ˵ȥֱЦ˵Ĵôݳ޵飬Ҳ鱦ܸɵó
Ȼﲻô£ʵϣɲôô
£֪ԹٻˣôļɱֿһԺôδ֮棡
ҶЦˣҲڿøøʲôȥʲôˡ
ܹһЩ֣ˡ
䣬ҶЦһתʱһΣѾʧӰ
Ϊһɱ֣Զ֮˻ԭ
ҶЦôʱ䣬Ѿǳԭ޶ȣνǴ˿̼Ȼһг䶨ֻص˰Ӱ֮С
Լûġ
ҶЦ֪ûߣԾߡ
ֻҪһΣճ֣ͻһʱ
ûΣգһֱˡ
ɱδزǱڣΪɱϤɱֵɱ˼õıڣ
ʧһ˲䣬ҶЦš

ԺѻɽʽϧԴҶЦǳ˳飬Ȼ֡
漴Ц졣
ô࣡
ȻôࣿһǷˡЩһ棬вٵĺö
򣬾ԼǰЦǻᣬԼȫȫҲ϶ûд˵ذһ̫֮ˣ
ǰΣҶЦѾ𺳹һΣεҪڴǰرٶϹ۾
оǣҶЦǲٶȽԴһԶӽԼĿռˣռɻһҪļһ档
ڤ
ȹؿһڤĺôԼɾԹ˲Ͼܿǳ鷳£ǰΣϮԼʮ֮˾Ż޿κΣҲ޾ռ䱻ıǷַӵ飬ԹһοٲԣǾǻʵɵȱˣҶЦԾǣ
ѡ˼ȽϡʯҶЦֱӽռ䣻Ȼֽֿҩֲĵرȫľռ䣻ЩҶЦ϶ǲġ
һЩ£붼ֲǱܲãҩЧһȴľռܺʴȻŴռ֦ͬͬߣδˣʼľԴδ㣬ֲפȻܹľռ
ҶЦоģȴջ֮Уһƿˮ
ˮǺö֮еĺöҲǧδ쳾٣벻ȻôһСƿ


372 б
ҶЦȻǼʱ֮սˮռ䣬֮ı
ڴջ顢ľ顢ˮռ䣬ռջͱȽˣϾռ±ȽϡջҲ֮С
ռ䣬ҶЦֻҵһЩžϼıʱĵ۸൱ɹ۵ģֻǱ˻ռ䣻˲䣬ͻ˻ҽȻЩžڻռԣ̫ϳ˵Ļ
ҶЦԾԵĸоռ¶ࡣ
ڻռλãһ˸Ź⻪Һ
ҶЦҡҡͷ̲ס̾Ϊֹžѿ˵ϵļƷ溬׻֮ʵؼΪʵνٽĻž˻ռ䣬ȻֻڻһҺ
һУȻȫڻˣ
ۼ֤һУ񲻶ݣҪռضԶ
һЩԪʯҲҶЦӽԪռ䡣
ҶЦĶܿ죬˲ˡ͵ɡ̡
ռڤԾһ£ʵ̫ˣǶȤ¡
мڴˣҶЦҲûҼԪռӶ
ȴǽаֿ⣬ȫӽ˽ռ䡣
ʣµģвٶǴԪʯҶЦһԶװսԹŽĿռ֮С
һֱƽȥղһռŽȥռһԻ͵ĻᣬڤȻӦȴҲĻᡣ
ĽҶЦȴֲԸˣЩȻ쳣ȴǺö˹֮ڹаôܲ䱬أ
ҶЦ˲ٶڤ񱩵µ֪ҶЦν켫ˡ
ҶЦļ㣬ţЩǰľôҲڤ߰˴Ρ൱յġ
ԪƷˮ׼߰˴αĻôҲܳ嵽Ԫȥ
ʱ򣬾ҷˣ
ҶЦһ룬һնһӣӣһӣһӣôĻӻ֣ÿһ֣һ˲ʧ
ȻУʲôǱս˿ռ֮С
ⲻʲôϡԼҲпռ֣Ҳ£ҲԲϵĿռǴ󰡣
òû˵ôĿռ䡭Ǿ棬Ȼĺö
ôֿĶǰ󲻹һʱ֮УѾʧ
ҶЦ궫صѾ˯ˡϾԣ˯õ;
ɫҲʼɵķ
ǴһҹޱߺڣҲѾսԻȥԼ˿ڣԼƶɵԷһԡ
һҹˣһ۾վڴǰŶ΢΢ĹĬĬȴš
һǾȥ鱦󡣡
һҹĻ⣡

һҹǳǣɵ˳ҹδߣ
ɵˣʹˣʹԱΧԲʮˡ
е󳼣еĽɣеɱ֣ˡ
ȻһܷǳرҪˡ
Ƹ¥
׹ӡ
׹һҹͬû˯
ϣĿʼ峺һ켸ҹ겻˯׹ӵ۾ԾǺڰ׷ݵȾš
˼ųǳǸĻ㱨
׹ú棬ǣʼչŵ΢ЦУȴһ˲ǽе鱨һ¡

ôҺ飬ֻһ˲䣬γһߡ
Բд
ǿʼˣ߾ķˡֶַΣȤ׹ӿߵ΢Ц˵
ͷһЦ
һģһȤĶ֡׹΢΢ĳ˼ţ˵Ӧþλ鱦ķ֮⣬ûбֶˡ
ͷҲ
׹΢΢ҡͷ߻
ͷ΢΢۾⣬峿̫ĵһߡ
˵һҹ֮䣬׳ʣһ֮δԡ϶а֣֣Ӧı֮ˡ
һƽƵ⣬˵һа֣һ½ҵİ֡Ϊܹһ֮ҳǳƽ⣬ôաͲҪҺ
һ㣬֮豾ǻҲףȴҲֹ׶ѡбԼ߻ҹЩ飬֮ǰһܿһҺĺܽһʱ֮Σȴ״֮УĲ׾ֻǸӵĲǣ


373 Σ
ԣҹ֮һ˲߻ôͻɱҲҰæ
ֻһʱ֮裬Ұæȴǧź
ԣ£һһΪıߡ
׹Ȼ˵ڣҷΪıߵ˺ܸȤ
תͷ˵˾
죬ã
׹ӵͷپƺڵõôӦ֮ǸĻˣҲӲԼġ
˵Ԥʱ䣬ĿǰѾȥ롣Ǵӽҹſʼ֣ƾ֣¾֣֮
ȻǺϷҾͺǺúɡ
׹΢΢һЦϷҪжֲź档Խǿսʤ֮ԽпС
Ƹ꣬£ȤһϷ
Һϲ棬ϣԷҸһɡ
׹¶һȻЩߵЦݣ֮ıߵˣϵ治ƿΣ֣ΣΪת˵áһεϷҸоȤһЩء
Ըܹ㹫ʹЩЩ֣붼ûȤȻһЦ
׹ӵͷ漴˼˵ûлأӦҹ´ҵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ġ
Ц˵ԤḶ́Ӧһ㣬ǰҼǵø˵Ϸ𣬸ˡ
׹΢΢ҡͷҵ˼죬ȻԸ񣬵һ£ȴΪɱϣ˵ɾǼɣأϰ߲ȥ
νԤʱ䣬һصģκ飬ܹԤʱ֮ڣǰûһ⡣ҪЩ飬ƲӦҪôʱ䣬żҷҲ񣬶鵱⣬úب½ȴҲҪôõʱ䣬ж鷢
üͷ룬绹ûлȥӦһ¡˵Ҿĸоֻʲô鷳飬ҪǺ鷳֡
һ˵½ʲôʲôܹв֮㣿ʵĵô
Σ׹ȴû̻Ӧ
ͷʵļƷ˿ڳƮһ¡
һ̣ͻأ̧ͷĿоǵɫʡ
Ҫȵ磬ھȥɡҵɽͼȥ
׹ӾȻĵĸı˳ԡ
һӼȻô˵Ȼɽͼ
ѵȻʲô鷳ô
Ҽ̾ȥ
š
׹ӵͷû̧ͷ
޵ζȻһ̣ٶȣҲԼеļ٣
һֻ˱Ѿʧˡ
϶ǲµģȻ˳֣УԾܹߡ۶Է˭ҲûϵΪʵԶԶλļ£λ治ܹв
׹ʼǴҷӡ״̬׽⣬һЩҷӡͻڽӭٵʱһξѶȣ
ǾѶȵ٣û˿԰ֻ֣ԼԵġ
˿ĺǾʧ롣
ǧҪ顣
ʵɷ˱⣬ֻҪʵһָͷֻҪһҲܸ㶨ԷǽʵζҪԱľѶ٣ȴʮն֣
ԣʵ͵ͬɱ
׹ӵĲ²⣬ûʧ
Ծǰ飬һǰ˺üͿʼظϣ
ǰ裬ܻܿصߡ
뵽ټϵĹүҸ֪ǰң᲻һЩϲ
ȻѾԶԶĿǳǵʱظоһɺ
ɺԴͷǴĪıɽϳֻ֣ǺĻȻǲġ
ȴǣǹԴԱɽĺ֮Уһ˿쳣ǿƣעԼֹԼ⣬ڳԼ
ͷȥ
ֻһƬװع֮С
һӰºڷڷƮƮ衣źԶȻԸܵԷĮȡ
¹ӣͻȻ˼䡣
վ֮ϡ
Լ
ȥˡ
һԼΣѲˡ
ת޳ɣԴӿ׹


374 ֪˭
ֻ׹ĹУĵʶ̾˿
Լʵȫ״̬ǰŮˣֻҪӻ֣ܽ仯Ϊ촷ۣ˴˸Ͳ֣ͬգ
ڣԼȴǴǴ״̬֮£
Ҫ˵սʤֻ֮ҪŮ˵ľ
ΪǰŮӣٶں½λԣǿ󵽳Խ޵ĳǿߣ
˭֮ϣһϸϸĺߣǰİŮӡ
λŮһעɴֻܵסգȴסȻɵʣֻ˵Ƹ֮꣬㣿ķɣȻǾ˫
ЦЦҪֹһصǳǣ
ԷشԼʻ˲ȻԷôǲ뱩¶ԼݣǰǾ䡮˭ʻҲͲ׷ȥ
ʱ˭ܲóġ
Ů˵˿̵ĳǳѾһȾףʵ̫ˣּҪһţĻﻹǲҪȥˣʵʧݡ
ֿ˵οôһĳ˴պһһŮóȻǰȥֻҲЩŰɡ
ɫʱλѵҵĲô
Ƹ֮꣬㡣
һʱ䣬ַƸ¥Ĺ¶˹ݹ۷Ƹ¥ε߸֮Ҫ֮һ
Ůô˵ȻȻľˣ϶ԷڼԼ
ŮۼŭһɵȻصҪᣬֻ˵䵽ǳﹴĶǣǽúȺȲ죬ա
һͻȻ𣬻һ⣬ʡ
žǷ򼲷ɶȥ
˵棬ʼջҪֵ¼¡
㲻Ҫסô

ŮӼһɫٻӰʹʧ
һֻ̣оԼн·ǰȻһˣֱֱĵԼǰԼǰ壬Ʊػײϡ
һн켣תΪ𣬾ԭʹƶ˿ִǱ֮
ȻǵӰӰУʼյǰֺ
ӰŴ·ͲסһһƺȻ
ǰӰ̾˿˵οգ
ҲһƳ
˫ƶʵֻš䡱һ죡
һƴУڿн߷һ㵹ɳȥ˫صϣȴ췢֣ԼȻվ˸ղԼվĵط
һ˿һ
棬ǸŮһϾ̬վԭĵطһᵭȻԼ
ƺղʲô鶼ûзԼҲûҪȥһУֻ֮С
վڵϣɫ
ǰŮӵΪҪԤǿ
ŮӵıΪҪ½߼ޣֻҪܶܶ࣡
Ů˵ԼǲʵֻƾΪôԼصǳǵĿԣֻ㣡
ǹؾսȸأֻ˫ǰľʵ죡
һ򵥵ıǰʵǰŮȣֻһ㣬ӵʲôһͷ޿κΡ
Եģ⣬ֻҪһС֣ԱȾҪʱˣֻ˵ҡһ䣬˰֮䣬ͬûпɱԣ
ʼǴڷӡ״̬֮У⣬;޿κŮӣ
ֻǣŮӵΪۣǾԲֵˣֻ˵磬Ȼ˼ʳôζ;ԲԼȥ
֮Ҫȥֻˣ
˵ʵֻ̫࣬ҪһɵʵԼͿ׸㶨ǰŮӣ½ҲסԼȭţ
Ƕ󻻳ֻҪԼʵԾɲǣһ
ԼôĻ۾ǡԼһʱ򣬽پ٣
ֻǵԾ٣ԼҪܵٻϣӾ٣һأԼҪٵٵڶأǵһصأǵڶصıأǵصİ˱
ƣһֱھأ
ֲ٣žǹүĸסλ˵֮еĴߣҲδܹܵ٣
Լʮ
⣬ͬɱ
ǾԲÿˣһǷ֪˭
Ůԭƽ޲һıͷ֪˭
֮΢΢һЦڲ֪˭㽫ұƵһزҾ֪˭


375 İˣ
ңһ֪ʵˣǰɣ֮㵭ôǷ˵ǧǰǳѪϴأ
ĿܵȻȴŰŮӣԣǧҪң򣬵ʱҿʱ򡭡ɣˣͬţѡ
ǰȥ
һߣһһֵ˵ͳͳҿԸ㱣֤Щˣܾúܾã겻ٻһ죬С
Ѿ߽˰ŮӵǰȴڼΪҵ˵ʲô˼ɡ
ŮӵĽʶĲһ¡
ǵģ֮˵ס
ףȫס
ǧǰһŮѪϴ
ġѪϴһݴʣ˵ȽϿŵ˵ľѪϴ
Ϊһε¼УǸŮһ֮۰ĵһȨ𣬴ϵ£Ȯ
һۣͬȨڵڣˣȨеͼλĴɣһ⣬ȫϤ𣬴ϵ£ǣ˲֮߰
֣߰
Ϲֵ߰ѪֹѪɺӣȾ
ǸŮӣ֮㣬ԼǰҪԣҪǸˡ
һεĺƽ٣δػ⼸ɵǼȡȨڶ֮֮УͰԼڵڡ
Ǵκƽٵ򣬺ܼ򵥣λȨڵСӣһλŮҪռ˶ѡ
ܲɵģλŮǡ֮㡣
ȨάԼļ̳ˣһδεƣһΣλСͨһλѣ֮ҩ
ҩ
֮ΪȻֵͼĴҩܰŪġ
֮󣬶˵նɱλСӺһڸࡣ
ȨڼŮ˲أ߳ŭٸͼȴû뵽׽ŭһŭ֮£ɱ߰
ԱֶŮ֮նݳ
ǵ֮˵Ļ
ҲΪ£ڵ򣬶һϵϸĲκŮǿɱȴԲֶռŮ˵壡
һʱ򣬾ͷɣ
˸ð
ȻӴˣʲôУԱǿŮ֣εĽֹżҲзȻҲѵȫֹһ¼·ص㸽ţһȫ飬ݱͳͳɱ⣬⣬Ψֵľ£ٶȷԼϣ
Ͼһۣʵ̫Ķǣˣ
˵֮еˣվԼǰ
Ůðݲ
Լ飬뵱Ǹ޷Сģ룬Ƶġ
¸ȫϵ죬ô˵أ
һչ̵飬ȷһ㣬λһŮӣʵûʲôֻҪ㲻ĵޣֻҪļɻ䣬Ҳ˸߰һ㣬Ҳ̫˵ΨһǰǲҪĵޣ
˿̣ԼȻҪҪ֮ޱԵ֮ϣ
ʵ֮ǰŮӶڳĵĳҪҪȥ
ð̫ˣ
ֵô
ֵô
뷨ʼڴ˶Ҳ֪أʹһ㣬ˡ
һ̣Ǹ˵еĴڣ
֪˭֪Ůһҡȴǲȥ
˴˼Ȼ档
˴಻ߡ
ŮԴڼ˼붷֮Уµ˫ѾʹࣺУȥɡڳǳǵҾֻ֣ƶ֮ڣңܻһ֮Ҳһȥˣֻ¡ֻ»Ὣչһ˭޷Ԥ֪ľ档
Խ˵鷴Խ򶨣ԽǼԣҲȥ
֮ĿǰİŮӣȻзԼһļ
Ů˺οΪŮˣ֮ͻȻһ̾Ϣһ
ּ
ĺף
ԼԹӵļ
һֶԼˣŻᱧִֵ
Ϊ㣬ʲôԣ
ǡٲ
ͬС
̾ϢһеɫȻһЩ棬ҪԸ֮Уİˣ
ʵİˣ
֮һʣȴʶķʣû̫ĻģҪ֪һ˵ĶУ̫飡
ŮӴ˿̵ľȴ֮ϣɴֳ֮һ˿ԾɬǸˣҵİô
ҵİ֮ô
㯣޷ȷһ£ҧ촽˵ͷ
˵ֻһɡ


376 ⣿
˭֮˵˵֣ҿԱҵĳŵ
Ҳʱ򣬽ΪҲȴֱҪȥԣ˴һ£ұס˵Ȼҹȥҵʹͬ⣬Ա
ѾܸòעŶİŮӣҪҲûȥǡˣΪ֪˭֪ʲô£ȴΪӸðյ⣬Ըŵ
ǶŮˡ
һ£ҶС
Ůɫ˸һ¡
ЩЦ
ĺĶǸ˲ĻԼ˵һڴӦˣ
ڣֻһ˿Ц
֪˿ĻģĳŵҲŵùź˵㱣סŮһ㱣סġ
֮ҡͷʧЦ֪˭Ϊһ˵ס
ҡͷЦţȻоֲκǻ
¼䣬ﻹ֮㱣סˣ
ͨؽ磬ľйҲ޴׵ҪǸˣƫƫһ⣡Ůǽͻ
Ŷ˴ôҾ֪֮ǰǶŮ˵ĻӻɣȴЩȤĺȤ֪֮㶼ȫ˵ˣ˭
غˣһ֪ʵʵ֮ˣҲмʵǵǲΪ²ߣŮֵ
Ůӵ仰ȴȻһǰŮҲһڣ׿ԼйӲ۵ĻǿˣҪ֮ˣ֮ˣѰ֮ʿ
Σ˵˭Ȼ֮䣬ʼղţұסˣִŵʵ
ŮٶȿЦһз֮衣
һɲǼе˿ڸ
һʱȻ˵
֮裡
֮һЦȻѹ˵ұס
ͷ˵ҵȷǱסġ
Ƹ¥һ·ƣԷ֮Ϊ籩ģ¼չʲôز֮עǻ˵ġ
ⱾǼƻ֮еһ֣Ѽȶһ֡
ʵû˷Ƹ߸Ȩ飬ֻǷ֮ϵĵ񵤣Ѿ㹻һΣ
˵ܱסôŮʵ
һ𽥱Ϭע޷ˣҪ
仰壬ͰŮӶ
һ⣬ָʵȻ֮֮л
˿̵һҪģȴǰİŮӣ
Ů㷢ҡ˿ɫһЦǶŮˣʱŮһӣôҲҪɵһΣڵǾɵˡ
ɫӡ
ŮһӣҪɵһΡ
仰һġ
еĻƬ
̾˿ҪףˣҪѾעǲһĽôο󣡡
Ůҡͷһģ룬ΪУǰ棬ҲѶˣ
ѶͲġ
Ȼ𶯣૵ãǺãĺϧΪعӵĴҵҼпܾƾ仰һ
Ǵ˿鵽ȵزǻҪõĽã컯Ūˣͽ
˿ȴɲѡˣοҫлȼš
Ļ档

׼ˣһֵ˵˵ҫδҵҫΪ㣬һ֮УϿɵģΪġŮˣ
㣡ԣҪɱ㣡
ŮӵЦЦл⡣
лȫ
һˢһһ
ˮǰ
˵
߾µģֻжһ;
еĻ棬Ѿ
츳ͨ
һãָһƬǿ¾޵еǿΪ
оΣ̾Ϣ
ѡһãñζ岻ȥ
Ҳţ빫ǧͷϣŮ
ǰŮȴס
ͼλ棡
ȴһ߼λĸ֣
ǲһԸ˵ĳ֣
״˽֮⣬Ҳ޼ƿʩ
һ⣬ȴͬǶɱеδҸ㽡
ǣȴƫƫԼûδĶֺ޲
ҵĳԶΪԼİˣ
ҶŮˣ


377 ˫
Ů˺οΪŮˣŮȴΪԼİ˶ΪһŮˣȻһŮҲΪԼİˣ
ڡ߹ڡЦһ£漴Ȼ˫һڱǿϷһض𡭡
ܻۿžҪ籡
ڴʱԶ˶ˣһӰһ㼫ٳ֮⣬Ȼһȵס֣
УͬҪѪһ㣡
ƶ֮
һ·ֱǷ۵糸ĸϹ
һ·ɱ֮ʣƿվз֮
˹ƣͬСɣ
Ѿǽӽ˵ԪֲչֳĶ
Ȼչں½̬ȣˣɴһ֤Ѿļٵʲôز
Լ鹫ʹûйӵļꡣ
˴ονĵͷһΣ
ӵֱǧԽûгκδ
Ȼô˵ˣǱ߾Ϳ϶飬һҪش飡
пֲܻԤ֪Σ
Σпܻ⣡ǰ׹Ӻĵ飡
һ·ٿ쭣ֱӾ͵ͬƴһ㡣
ڳ֮ǰһС·֮ظоϢҵٶȴԶԶ͸оһֱըһӯ
ദ£ڱ˴ֻ֪»ҪȶԷ˽⣬֪ȻΪն״
ԶԶؾǱһס֣Ҫ⣡
漴˾ͬһʯֱӺըǰŮ֮䣡
Ǵһ˱ǹ
գ
˵ȻХһ˲ʱϨȻ籡ĻҲ͵ػգˮһص۾
Ȼһ̣һƫͷ
ۣۡ
Ѫȫ޼ϵ½ڵȾ˺ôһƬЩѪĵطֳһֻ类չĺۼ
Ѫɫɷףһ£֧վҪˤڵء
Ȳ״ɵʹʣһȵ֮
ϣ
һ⣬Ȼؿλ֣ˢһȥУһ֮ʣһڴĽȻ֣ų⣡
ͬʱȵ𽣣
һҪ
һһĶɱ
ǰŮӣ
˵ʵڲ֮䣬δӡ֮ʱǣӡҲǣǰŮӣȻ֮Уƶ֮֮Ӳƴʤ㣬ǳִ֣ͬˣ
Ȼ˷ӡ״̬֮ʵʵһǺ֮ʱȴܷӳ˺ʮϵܣбΪɱǰŮӣȻһսΪѣ
֣ǰ׹˵ġ
˫
⡪
šأţһƬ죬ȴ˵Ҫɱ
ֵתͷŵĿ㡭⣬ٲ㡭㻹ɱΪʲô
Ǻţ˵֪˭֪Ǽֳ֣ҲΪˡ
ҲһĬ
仰ߣֻܹס
֪˭ô֪飬ҪеʲôĺۣȻˣ޷˵ˡ
ɺܼ򵥣Ϊˣ
Լˣֺγˣ
γΪԼˣһδηƸ꣬һδεĳͷ
޻ڣ
һһΣǧɣ˭֪еζ
棬ŮЩӵ΢΢ЦԭҲˣ⵹֮ϲȻλﶼˣͶɡ
Цźãޣ˵飬ȥǽȺȲǺã
ҪȲԼȣǽö˴ӲȲ衣
ŮЦˣκ飬ҪиʼģҲλȹ裬Էˡ
ŮӣȻǱ¡
ҶЦþȫһҹ٣ĵûид
˵Ľȴʲô
УԼͽܵ
ֻܿƮȻȥȻԼ͵͵ΪһЩ顣
ȴֲԸڳǳﶯ֡
Ϊڳﶯ֣֪֪֮˾ͻֹʱֹ֪˻ᾡֹһӵһ㽾ˣ
ѡ˳ǽס֮㡣
Ƹ¥ǧɱ¾֣֮֮㲻ˣ֮ҪԵѹܼһ룡
ΣԣҲܹһ롣
ģµƶ֮ºͣǲɱֵǸ
֪ԼôҪʲôˣ֡


378 ɽͼ
ɹˣɹ֮㣡
ƶ֮ĵȻƳ֮յƣȻԼ֮ҲҪߣ
ֻǴ˿̣һͬʱԶƶ֮֮㣬ĵѾе
ŮӣÿһǴ˵֮е
ֻǵ֣Լʵǿѹ֣򻹿ԷĳЩطʵԼֻ¾ͲǶˣԼܽ˶һᣬܶһᣬˣ̬α仯кη
Ȼһ̣
Ϳ૵Ȼɱô
ͻȻһгһ˲ʱʧֶһչȵ
֮ɣһӣѾץס˻һˣͬʱŮͬʱ߳һͬʱӿɫĹâ
׹ӿ뻭֮С
һʱʢ䡱һð貵߲ʹâ˼µ߲ʹâһ˲䣬Ƭأ
Ӱڱ۾ע֮£ֵʧȥӰ
ǣǳ֮м
Լһ仰סǵġ
ֻǰһ㱣Ŀ֮ʾǰѾû˵Ӱ
ô£ȻŮѿǾ֣Խں½Ĳϣڱ¶ԣûнŮĲʲô̫˲õǿ֣޿ԼǰȥӰô£
һ̣˵һĻԼǰģΪԼǰģģȻǳǳǣ
ڳǳǣ¾Բϴ
ǻʹฮ̫ӸߡƫԶǳԺӣԱԶط鱦
Ҹղŷڳ⣬ôһ˲䣬͵˳ǳ棿ü˼һǻþֻĳþ֮У
ǰжʵֵʵڡ
ߵǽǣȻоǽǵļʵС
ô£ʲôʵˣ
һҧ⣬һʹͻȻХһӼһֱɸ߿գ
ʲôþվڸ߿գհԶѵܹҲɣȻģǳǣģʵ۹ô
µ˸߿֮󣬾Ӹ£ģǳǻǳǳǣǳһˣĿԶһоԼļȫ
ȫһģһȫ޶¡
ǰͲǼٵģ
ǻǽ棬Ȼˣ
վڸ߿գ˼
ĵƶǰǻþҪƳ
һ̣ͫͻȻһ
Ϊ鱦ڵķͻȻðỤ̃
Ȼһɳص޾ɱǱ
ӣƺǧڴս
ܰѶ⣬ȫȻţһǻþʲôͻʲôҵʲôͻʲôرû£ֻ鱦Ǳ£棬λӰ˼֮䣬üΪ棡
˼άһֱ˿ԾѣΪǰ
Ȼһ̣ɴ۾
ֻƬŨ̳ĵطͻȻƺмڵƴһĳ˳
һ·ݡ
⼸Сڵ֮дĺڵ㣬׷ϣ׷ᡣ
Сڵһ߿񱼣һߵ಻ĹһѪһ·ݣĿʺ졭
˳֮󣬱ȷˣ
ԽԽ
ȵһСڵ㣬鱦֮裡
ߣˣֻˡ
һ·׷糸һǰ壬棬׷ɱֱͬɫˮһ㣬ԴԴβ˳ɱ·ϣߣ˷ϵ£ϵĪĺɱֳ
磬ŷ֮ûͷûԵ佫
֮һֱǰ壬ϣѾѪ졢ˡ
һǰ壬һƾϵѪ
ɹһ·±һѪ·
Ŀʺ죡
ǽֹڴˣв¶ݡ
ǣϣ˿֣̿ʧı飬ΨһƬ侲Į䵭
Ȼ׷ɱȻѾ;ĩ·Ծ΢΢ͷƽĮ΢΢һ֮ǰĽ
һ֣ھ۵İȻ
ȻˣеĽԾƶ֮ϣ
ôĬĬǰ壬ĬĬĳܵĵɽ𺣡
һ·ǰУһ·ȾѪ
оҵһʹȴֲϵԼⶼǼٵģⶼǻƲڳǳǣԲǡ
˿̣֮Ѿ嵽һ֮ϣߵϣͬ±Ϸһðĺɱּ֣⽣Ӱǹֽ꣬ɱ


379 
ڷ֮ƴɱ֮Уһ첲ɣһͷķϰգϣûͷľǻཱུĳѪȻڵء
֮Ȼɱ˵ȴԲҪʮ˺ۡ
תһ֣ܽӽǰԶһˡ
ʱȻ֪˶˾ǻ񣬵ȻĳĵĬĬؽеһЩٿһЩתȥֻҪ־Ͱȫˡ
ڣ֮һƺߣȫ׵շ𣬾һ֧ɫŹĵط˹ȥֻҪ˴˴֣Ʊش
Ȼʱ
һвоͻȻ˱µͷ
Ȼ̧ͷʮ⣬һˣһͦɽȣվݶϣһ˸ŴĿĹ⻪
һ⻪ԻͲãڱյ̫
ڱע⵽Ǻ˵һ̣Ѿһɳ
ѽĿ죬ѾԽʱ䣬Խ˿ռ䣡
ʱգɱһ
ҫ⻪ŸոȴȻХ
֮Ӵ˿Ȼ嵽ߴٶﵽޣֻҪһ½һգ۵Ĺ򣬾ܹչȥǱ֡
Ǿһ̣ǱͬǷ׹һĺХڼ䲻ݷ֮Է֮ĺĴ룡
Ȼû˿ͣٵģǰطɳ
ǰ͸
أԼŷ̵֮ͷѪѪȾ˵ǰѽʺĲпɫʣྡྷ˥һֱɳȥʮɣŲڶһϡ
¾һĻһ˲ֻεѣ٣
С
Ǳһĵķ֮Ȼֹͣȥơ
壬ôڿУͷ˿ԼȻǰͨ͸ؿڡ
ɫԾƽȻȻĮ侲ʼղ˿̲
ƺȻҲǣ
ԼؿڵĴ󶴣֮¶һŹֵЦݣƺ̾˿һƣįȻ
Ծһûԡ
ô̧ͷ΢΢ţʡ
ϣԾƽİȻ
ȻЩɢ֮УԾӯصİ¶
ôڿվţ΢΢̧ͷԶеĮ侲ϵĽ㣬ƺںϳһ仰
ϣֻб˶ԲңûҶԲˣңĽ
ѵʱҶȥˣҵĹΣѵʱҲĳˣȻ䵽³ûһ˿վңң
仰û˵
İȻּҪͨ쳹صİȴЩ쾡µı˳
µһ˲䣬ȫֹͣ
죬ճյؿſǵӰ
ڡ
֮ӰҲάֿվ̬ƣȻԾɱվˣȴֱֱصȥ
ͬߵķݡ
ĺڷһ̱紵ҵķ裬ڵʱԾͷԾɱǷصİȻ
Ȼ˿ڱУȴֻһȻ
˷أĺɱֳ彫쵣ɷһ㣬ŷ֮Ѿµ˹ȥ
Ĺӳյ̫â
ݺݵȥȻҪ֮зʬ
ʧȥ˵ֿӰѾʧȥӰڳĬģȻ׹䣬ܡ

¼״ҲͲסǷǻ񣬲˼еĲάѰҴ˼©ڣһ׶ѪļУͬգӸ߿һĳһ磡
ǵ⽣ӰΧ֮еӣ
ʹ
оԼģһ̣ѾѳǧƬһֿ̹ʹ࣡
ͳͳ
ȥһѱסǸӰ
ȻȻ
ϣȻ¶ȡ
ȴѾûκϢҲȥ
Ψ۾ԾĮ䵭ţǰһƬ侲
һ̣оԼͻȻˣ
ĿԼ֣ʹԼΪʲô֣ȴԼѩ׵ϣȫѪ֮Ѫ
챯ХͻȻˢһνһԣ۾ͳ˺ɱȺͳͳҪȥȥȥ
Ȼһ˲ȻļܣԺ½ȵͼλĳ̶ȣôܳܵļܣλ澹Ȼûб
ϧ˿Ȼ׳ʧȥ֮ޱʹ֮ˣ

ɽϡ
һһӣ߲ϼȻʧˡ
УȻһ
Уľᡣ
ԭһʼͲˣʧڱǰֻӦ˵ٲǰ㣬ǱĺȻʧ뵽Ǿ֮У
Ǻεȱڵָ֮䣬һĳǿߣǿɣϬ˹
ڣˡŮӡ


380 ã
мֵĵ˵սɽͼʲô°ɣ
ЦЦôܻ£ɽͼչѵǵˣһˣ
˿ҾͷˡһŮӣĳ£̫ϧˡ
ͷЦЦ
ȴЩ˵ȻӵɽͼҲ˳Ӵ㣬˼Ľʺģ
һͬ˵ޣĽʺ޵ҺòãѾͷӸղŸоǳ˴£øʲôƵãɽͼҲ˳ߴҸϽ㣬ôһǵһμôΪһż֪ô
һģ鲻Խľ¶޵ҸȻʻĿСŮĽɬȴѾǰ¶
Ȼģ֪˭üʣ˭Ľ˭ú˰ɣһۣͿ⸱յӡУ
ϲ̵˵áȿȣۡ
ӯģȴűǺ漴³һѪ
㡭ԭղѾ֮һ̣۾ҪһҲҪɵӣ
ѸٵóһŵҩΪȥੲݵԹ˵㣬ܹסһʱҲƣ޷ֻҪʱ䣬תԤʱ䣬ڻأôŽʲô治֪˵ʲôˡ
ɫɷףǺЦһ̶ܳٵģǡʲôʱùʧΣҲùʧһһζС
ǸղŮӣΪ˿Բϧһ˴һģ޷ֱ𡣡
˿ĺգǹҲУ
ѽѽּҪ˵ˣ㲻֪ʲôô
˵ţѸٵɢ̽⣬ͻȻĿһɽϣȻиɽǸȥ
һѱסѸٵĳ˳ȥ
Ǹɽ
ţɽ֪˭ģȻͨ˴ģڲռ֮󣬾Ȼɾ͡
Ĵܣ˹ʲôҪ룬ģ֮һĽѹȥҸ㻤ķŶǵһλģ
ͷϥ
ڣķɣίʵѾһɵĵز
ٵȥʱһǸԼһɲ˵þˣ
Իעܣȫע˿ҵ
Ȼ֪ɽλ鱦ľ֮迪ģ
֮ǰɽ
λʵԶԶڵķػɱ˵ԪֹŽ
Ȼɺϣˣ
ɽʱһ̫Ȼͣ
뵱鱦֮ĵʱ֣գ

ᣬҶЦ鱦ѾϢ˰ҹ
ƣڷùһŵƼԪ֮£ΪˣѸٸԭСʱ䣬ҲʹˣƼԪڴʱν鵤˻ôӦðˣʵ̫ݳһ㡣
ʱ
ʹǰ
壿ҶЦüⲨķÿΪ졣
ǵģϼ壬壬ż壬壬ϼ壻ңϼΪףƹ
ͨһλɱ֣
ȴ㱨üΪ
˵һܹڽϳΪһѾɱ֣ôϣʲôλɱֲʤεġ
ȻλɱֿʹΪɫȻȻЩί
ʲôҶЦԱߵԴҲһãȻ
ҹһߵ䣻䱾û˿ȻԿ϶鱦֮УȴҪǵҶЦԳɣ˸С
ҶЦ˵
ӰһϢһĳҶЦߡҶЦѯʵĿ⣬Լ˵ҹǸܵѹоɺȫǿסأһѰͱӻġ
ӻôҶЦһšüͷ
ȻҶЦĲǸıƵ޼ϾʶʲôȻ޼ɲˣԸš֮Ǻ˽⣬˵ĵطнжԹǷǣҲͬˣжԣɳҲһϵһУ޷棬֪ҶЦǲĽȴһֱмԼȥעЩ
Ҫעȴһʱ벻ôˡ


381 㣿
ҳȥվȥ
˵ڶ˴¡ĶǷ棬ϰ嶼ҪҶЦǿܶ࣬ϾϰǧУԵþҶЦȻ֮жڣⷽ棬ȴǳĺܣ
⣬ѹĵĴϰĺܲ
ڽ賿ʱ֣˴֮࣬ҶЦһһſһ仰ȴһȿЦõ顣
˵ô۾Ắ½׸λãؾûֲһЩԼʵ˵һЩΪãĲ˳Ȼڸ۹֮⣬ôҲӵһ൱ս°
һ㣬ҶЦǵȷЩ֡
ĸ߾ȻûԪʦıڣʵ볣㣣
˵߲˵Ǹƣǿ߷ӵҲ⼸ǳţƳţƵĻǡ
㵥ĲԴֻۣҪڣԸܸܵģƿͨ۹˵۷ﶼͨõģ鱦Ҵҵ󣬸Ͳں˵Դģ
Կô룬㵱ɵô֮ǰһֱǹɻ°ұڣһɱһһɱһΡ
ҶЦֵ˵Ϊ½½׸ô꣬ôҲвҪɣҪЩ飬Ҫôأ
Ǹڰͨ졣
ô˵
Ҳˣǡɸң֮ˣֻҪͺáͰ͵˵
ɶ˵ʲôˣ㣿ҶЦһӱԤϵĴ𰸾סˣʲô㣿
ĵֲЩܼȥͷʲôԭ滹б˵ͷ
Լ˵ʱɸң֮ˣԪ޾ޱ߸»Ȼѽ֮£ֻҪҵţȻǡһͷʹã˲ôʹãҵ֮һֱôġϣǮԽ⣬Ǯ˵ģұ㣬˵Ҳ飬չ㣬ôЩ鷳ˣȫˣû⡭
ЩǮ˵飬Ҳȫˡ
ö֮ǧûҹ鱦鷳Ϊ鱦󵱳γȻں½۹֮ģһ鱦Ӳƫκǣ鱦ȫˣ˷Ƹ¥ʸ־ЧңǴ鱦ȫˣԣ˵Ҫ鱦Դбڳʵ۹ȻЩǣȴҲû̫¡˵
ϰզ죬ȻΪԵãֻ漴Ȼ̾˿ϧ㶼˺üˣȴһЧҲûУ֪ǲǹɽչæ˲ˡ
㡭ҶЦ۾ĿɿڴһͻȻЦ
ԹŽĵԪΪһϴԼǺС¡
ֻҪ˶Žͻ֪ԼĿռ䣬õҲֶΣ
¶ò̫һ㡣
Ϊ½һ׸Ǯ⣬Ȼм֣ȴҲȻǮ˵ȥ㣬Ȼ֮ˣ鵱ҶЦоˡ
ôģν֮˾Ȼһǧĳˣô˵ɣ
ȴҲȥһֱبҶЦͷʣǰѽΣôȹģ˵ȴҲ֮УԹŽʵȥв鱦ĵж˵ܽе˵練ƣȴǰ㲻Ϊ
ģ㡭ҶЦЦ˹ŽǽԼˡ
࣬˿̵ϰνɱչ֮˵ǺҪɵĽֵô˵ô
ѹԼȥ㣬ȴȫˡΪԼѾˡ
ôԼǿ֮еȫչˣҲ޼ˣ
ʵ֪ŽֹǲڣԪ鶼ָɣҲǽӲˡ
ڴ£ȫҶЦЦ˵
ֱЦࡣ
һֱڣûЦꡣ
շĻǣ⼸켫ƣҿЦ֮ǰҾָЦˡ
ָЦˣϰȴѾ޵ݡûˣ
˿̣һȻãȲľ˳ȥԼޱεĻĵ̫ʱ˵ĹŹ뷨



382 
ȥչͣһûһᣬֻˡ
ǺǵĴֱЦȻ˵⡣
ôˣôأҶЦüʵڹۻôЦݣװ
Ҫģ˴֧֣ѹءϵķһ󶶣ϵڱĺ°ûԮȻ͵塭ǺǣԸҹȻ֮ˡ
ҶЦһüӵôԷʲô
ǡһ飬漴˵Ҫˡٺ٣¶
ҶЦ״ȴǳ̬Σ
Ц˴ӡҲûʲôǶ˫кô飬
ҶЦɫʱ
һ仰֪ν壬϶Ƕ˰ڼӣ뻹̬ȺţۼƲѣ֪ԷʨӴ󿪿֮ӣûл˵Ǳ˻ǮֵĴ㡣
ǣϰǮ⣬ҶЦȴǲϰߵģ
ҶЦ֪ˣҲûпȻˣЪᣬԷȻңұȥӴһ¡
У¶⡣
ȻѰӻȻҶڼӣĵĺܲС
ҳȥ
ҶЦ˵ʼա
һȴѩүҪһѹˡ
ŻҵˣҪеۣ
˴Ӧһ¸ҶЦߣȥ

Ѱʮ˴˼鱦ϣĺ鱦衣
ÿ˶ˬ緢
ҳ鶨֮ʱ㶨˺ޣȿԷ̬ΣǶԷ̬Ȳе֣˷ȻҪηŵͣҪ¸һҲҪٳɴ£̬ȲǿӲҲã˴ƽȣͬԿǿС
ȴû뵽˫һ棬̬ȾôãθǷŵüͣǰѰ֮ˣͷԾ֮˲ʱóһۣ鱦ҲǵɽˮĵزۼԼǰ޻ӭ
Ȼˣǿ̫ˣڼ̫ˣøۣɴٳɴ£ȡ൱棬Ϊ鱦Ĵۣ񵤹Ȼ٣ĵرϧԴҲǲġ
׿Щδ治˵Լȫ鱦Ĵ£֮ʲôĻҲ鱦ȶȥ鱦Ҳ൱ʵģֻһϸ𰲱һȺɱ֣;һɲ׵
ڼһ˵ǿǡ˫ᶯ
жڴ̣˶ǷĵĺȲ裬죬мѾ˶ȡĻϲ˰Σзˡ
ΨڿλƳԵһصӡ
鱦ıôռӵд½׸֮Ƶ鱦ͱְˣ½ǧԽк֮ΨзƸ¥鱦ʼ
Ƹ¥а׹ӣƶܹ֮֮鱦ȴûκʵǿ֮Ϊѹ󣬿ǣ鱦ʱռЩıˣǿ֣˴һЦ֮ͼõ࣬Ծ鱦ģ⣬ȫˣһԣ鱦ȷƸ¥Ҫ£
ԼȴͼΪ鱦ȷ棬Լ̺ôô
Ƹ֪鱦˵ģǸղųĿ˵ľλ
֮裡
λһ򵥵
Ҳ˵ֻܹ򶯷Ƹ¥Ͳѿ˼ܣ
ң˻ܹ񵤵ĵʦһ־ôĵ񵤣ͬСɣ
ֻһ㣬֤˵ͬ죡
߻ӦһЩϲɳЩҲ˽Թλ׻ô˵ȴ¡
ڣƵ㶼ûзɹ
ң߲һȥãƵһ̾һǰδеĲԤ֮
ɫ䡢˽ʱ򣬾УĴ˽Ų

ɫʱһݣʵΡ
ڳŸˣҲֹͣ˵Ͷ
Щ˶֮емʿһʱȻ̰֮𣬵Զ֮ʿն֮УΪѰ
ŲԶ
˳Ų죬Ͼ㶼ֳ飬ΪĪ⣬ֻͨһĽŲƽƽ棬һһ


383 ѹ
ȻŽŲԽԽҲ֪ΪʲôͷĪԽԽ
ƺǽŲһԼͷ
ˣ
˶˳ŽŲĳ
ߵģһˡ
һˣԺˣһһҡ
нĽŲƵʺ룬費ƽ֮У֮һֳѹȸе
ǵ˵ĽŲн;Уû˿ͣ٣˿ûԥһһ߹
Ȼֻһ˵ĽŲŵʮˣÿһ˵ͷظо˵ĽŲļ
İԵ
ֻĽŲȫܸоóǰߵľִţǷ˫İԵƣ
ƺ˵ĽŲǰһɽһɽҲܾôһ߹
˿ԥ
˿ͣ٣
ǰһɽô̤ƽ
ǰһɽô̤
ĽŲαƽͬսĹĵ㣬Ӳĸ߰Ե
ͷ𣬲Լֱͬͦ˱
Ȼô߹ûΪֱ糣һÿ˶ܹ̤ŲˣȻһӵо춯Ϊ
ԲǷ֮
ͨõſӰһһϢس
ͦζĿĮӸ£
ڳֵһ̣ĮĿȻѸٻһȦ
ĿĮ侲Լӵζ
ͬһھӸµɨӵȴԼӼһɳӡ
һ̣ʮͬʱоһƣ
Ǹһޱ޼ʵλϡ
ƺѾϰ̬ϰΪȻȻô
ȻԾƽĲ߹ھϣȻ˿ִ٣Ӳǹֻ̬˳Ȼ
ϱĿ侲Įƣ룬롣
ȴһƺ廪߹󣬸߸ϡ
һʼл֮Ȼݣ˿ѷɫ
һˣֻһָо
ˣǾ
ף
ܺʱ
ܺεأ
ܺˣ
ܺη
ڣ
Ǿ٣
ţһֶֻһ˶ȣУҴݡ
β˼ʾվɫ䡢ֱվУһƬĮȻԼһɷ¾֮ԾɺݵѪ
һǳ͸һܳصȻһȴ˵ʲôϬ
Ϊ˼ҵķ֮ûпڣȻҲῪڣͬûпڣʵڲǲ֪ôڣҲίʵľĪ
ɺܼ򵥣˷鱦ӵеʵĲô򵥣ֻˣɼһߣ
֮УǸΪļһǼ棬ǵʮɱ֮һ鱦ְֳġ
Եͼǿϴ赤ʱ򣬴˲ηǿᣬǷƸ¥Ľ룬ҪַˣȲ˵ʵΣƾĵɫһοȻǵʮɱ֮һʵϷǷ
жˣ˵Ҳϵã鱦ĵ֮ˣ֮裬֮赱ȻҲ¶棬ȴֻǰƸ¥Ѱǻᣬڳ˶ҲǼ棬Сѣ֪ޣݡʦСʵΣȫ֪Ψһ֪ľֻдǻ۲ףֶҲڼ̵ʱ򶯷Ƹ¥ͬСɣټȸ£ĺע
͸ȴ֮еһˣǸɫ䣬֮ˣ˳һ֮ʣҲûʲô֮תһ룬㶼һΪ˲Ÿտˣоȫ޴ӡٶȿȥƾӦӦ˵ĴڣĪ¡
ֽܹĿжһй죬ģ˸йǴΪߵף˵֪Χ
ˣȻ϶칦ҲԸϴ˾Ȼڳ֮ϵǿΪ
Ȼ鱦һˣһһϬһһӲףȴǲʵԳһʱ侹䳡
ֻ˲֪˼ҲڲĪ
ĶˣǷ֮裬
Ȼ֪ǰλʵҶӡ
ҶҶ󽫾ĹӣҶЦ
ҶЦ˿ֳ̱أ᳤磬ΨҶƣȴλư۱½ŷɥĴ󽫾ҶҲԶԶ


384 ǿѹ
յϣڴԼ֮ǰλҶүǺųƾ֮һ˾Ϳ֪ȴҡһΪ
εز©ۣòҲûôɵİɣ
ôһƵģ
ôأ
ƣиɻȻɰ
ʼҶЦߵˣȻҲƣֻܹǾȣĸо
ɶʮ˿ɾȫͬˣƣͬʱһְһͷĸо
λȻԴӳû˵ȴѾѹ˵ʲô
ˡ
ʮһĸо
⣬ˣ
ѽ
һһֵھ棡
ֻôһվѾʮͬʱһɴڵɽֵ΢оĿݺؽÿ˶о˽ɭɭ֪ǰ޽ȴ
ƺʱأһѾ񽣣ӴԼļϣǷƥĽԼƤȥ
˾ӱֱһɳ⡣
ëȻ
֣
֣
ÿ˵ֱ
ڣս׷ɵİ֮УλҲֻᱳ˫֣ͥŲһСԴӰսսϣһߣһֱ˫еİȻ䵽һߡ
Բ˿˺
ȻһƬʬɽѪ
ô˵ʲôˣ
Ȼǵʮɱ֮һȻΪףڵչ¶ƵǾߣ˾أ
ѵе𺳣ʵԴһˣ
һ˽Ǳ˹أǲ磬չֳǰľ˷Χ
ȻȻǵʮ֮һôܹƸһһָʲôˣʵָøߵʲô̶أ
˾뵽һ㣬Ϊ֮ûɱнĴͬҪëȻ
֮УиΪǿҵģȴϼΪף
Դӷһ̣͸оԼһıֱȥ
ڷ֮δ֮ǰȻѾ뵽鱦ʹ˵ӾͷȻеƣĵδûнһ֮ģȴ֮顣
Ȼֱ֮ĽŲһ̣˲ʱ㽫ƵĽһݻ١֮Ӱڴ˶֮ʱȻóһۡ
жϣȫ
벻һ˽ã˰Եõ
Ƿ֮Ƶĵһӡ
ˣô֮£ǡԼ˸ղŶԴ̬ȻЩư
ư
ĪĴ
ٽٱŰ֮ʱֶһλ̬ȣǶԼ˸ղŵư̬ȵķ
û뵽鱦ķ죬ϬĲأ
ҶЦϣɫȻ޲֣һλŮѩ׵ëҶЦ˲֣λŮëȥ
ȻҶЦ˹ضһ裬ҿǣشһڣòʹĺһڡ
һˣƺûпⷿôһȺڵ˵
ƺӦӦñ˵š
˾͸õţ͸ӭ
츳ʸ
һĶˣ΢΢ĵЦЦưֵ˵˵λ˴ĹˡҪһ̸ô߳ǣ˼ʧԶӭĪҪϺǺǡ
˵ʱһֱעĶÿһ
֣Ȳ裬ҿǣת˵л̡ϸϸţϸϸĿţȻĵ̾˿λȻһҲûнԼЩ˷ϣ
ҶЦȻտ˵ˣ㲻ϣһɵĸ߸ϣνʧԶӭƣٷ֮һȫ޳⣬߳ǡֲĻ
ڴʱ˿̣ȳ̬˵Զ׼û˵¡ǣҲǣҲǣ
뵽ģҲ뵽ûô͸ڷ֮ĸ̬ȴ۵ü֪߸ϵ˺ȴǴ˿ˣѷȥ
ȻҶЦȿڴƽ֣⼸仰˵ʵǲһʱ侹˽ڣ澹Ҫٶ䳡֮С
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴ֪Ǿٶ䳡Լķ֮裬޿ٶȿڴ򿪻⣬˾㶼ɫѣȴҲֻԼˡ
˼ܹ󣬳һҵѾٳл֡ȻĵײӿȴǲһЦȻ鱦ȻҪһ÷ĸɣ˿̵üȻһ콾ķɣۡ


385 
ҶЦֵЦЦ
ֵ˵λһҪǺ
Ȼôĵֱ˳
û˿תػء
ƵĻǳǸҲ仰ʵһ£һʱֻίʵλķâ˶޷Ӧֻ˵޴Ӧ
ȿȡƸɿҵھ㶼ǳĳΪ⼸λǺǣϼƣλǡλǡλǡһλǡ
Խתü죬סû˵Ž˵ϾһԼе˼ԼἰĻ⡣
ôеţƵĽܣĿ⻺ת˵ϣƶһ˵ϡ
ӾûжûԶ
ֻŶ˭ϣ΢΢ʾһ£ûһ˸оԼˡ
ʮˣÿһڸԼжλȨصĸ߲Ǵ˼ʣλȴǸоԼЩĸо
ڽһ顣
ҲԼ˼ٶȿ˵ڵƣҲȶӾ֮£ǰ˴˵Ȼǲֹۣ鱦˵Ҳͬ˿ǡ״֪ʲô˵
ţȷʵģԲ顣ĵͷʾϿ˵
ϿɣƲһϲ˵ڵǰľ֮£˫֪ΪȻ񣿡
ҶЦͷ仰ʵʣȻҲǲġ
Ƽ˵ԣΪ˫ˣǰ˴鱦󣬶һĺ¡
˵꣬ʮ˶ؿλȴķӦ
ֻǷ֮һɳ˵ŶΪ
仰ġ㡯ֵĿ۵úأȴûĵͷǵģΪ
ҶЦ˵ָֻα˼ţĵ˵ͷ
ʱ򣬶λȴкЩ
Ķ󵹲ǶλǶơ
Ϊ
ʲôΪ
ô˵˵λҪͷɵĺˣȫƵĹͣ
ûɶ¶
ôԣ
ǣλĳϸЦ˵ǴҾ㶼ΪڴҵôϾǣǰ˴Ҫ鱦Э鱦ҲҪǰ˴Ԯ֡ǰǴҸȡ裬ܣⱾǰϵ顭
仰һƶʱн⡣
쵰˵ʱŲƨŲ˵ʱȴǲ֪Ǹð˳
ԼΪܵ塢̬ȷŵúܵ͵˵ȻǷ¶ˡ
ܶԻرܵ¶ˣ
ΪƴӷղǾ䡮ΪѾ˺ܶණ
ȻͿλԭڳ˼֮еķЦЦܣ
У޾ƣ룬Ҳ޾ĵȻȻΪȻɷΧ˲ʱ
ȻδԣֻҪǸɵӣֻóģ
λȻʱ˵ǿͷܻǱɵǿģ֮еĲΪȻǾͰǰľƣȻ֪
һﻰҲ
ֻλʹƤĵ֪ʾ
λĳϵ˵ǰ˴ĴΪԶ׼ʵȴֻ󳬼ŵǿѹ󳬼ȻӴ󣬵δؾûпɳ֮ҷ䴦ƣȴδؾǾأǹô
ҶЦЦЦŶΣ
ͬԶ׼鱦ĴΪ֮ǸΪλ˹оԼ̸еȨ˵鱦֮ǰȻŭıߵ۹ʼ߶ͣɱ֣̿ͣнɱŷ⣬еǰľҾ֣ʱʰĶӾơ
ģ˰յ˵ԣڵ鱦νԵУΣѡߵǰĺˣǰ˴һҪ鱦ĺ鱦Ҫǵļˡ
ҶЦͷҲ̧ŶԭˣԭôΪģ
֪鱦ҪٵĶ֣ǿĵˣ֮ĵжƾ鱦ҲӦģԣĿǰΪҪģ鱦󣡡
ҶЦ̧ͷ
λüδˣ


386 ½ԵУ
һ㽫жˣڵ鱦ֹı߽ԵУ¾У۹۹Ͻ˵ȹ壬ϼƿͻ죬Ѿǰʮڣʮڣֻ۹ɱͲˡ
۹۹Ĵ̿ͣĿǰҲѾӿʣһҲвǧ֮
ҶЦ˵ţָͷѾ
ԭԾܶԺҶҶ󽫾ϣͼ׳нɳɱֶӣҲѾ£ⲿϵζʵ̫ŨȻСҲ޼£ողԽ߽磬Ϊǧ˾ѾȫûӿԲ㡣ϽǧɱͬΪ㣬ѾȷϽ˳ʾڡ
⣬ϵɱŷΪ˾޶ǰʣѾĻûģҲңаɱְ֮Уǰʮɱ֣ʮ߸
仰һվŵһЦ
ǰʮɱ֣ʮ߸
仰ʵȴҲʵ
Ҳֻ˲֪ǰʮɱ֮У϶ѾȫԱˣ棬Լ֮⣬ģȫҪɱλģ
Ȼ˳ְϰҲһߣȻǸõģ
ҶЦ˵ֹЩ۹ȻûжǸ鱦⶯֣ȴҲйơУɸ壬̻ڳǳǵģعƣҲϡ
ԣҪٵĵˣˣǣʮʮɱ֣
ҶЦĮЦţʮɱ֣˺½ٷ֮ʮϵĽ߶
˵鱦ֹԵУǾУûκһܹ֯ൽֵز
鱦һΣǴһ½ȺӡҶЦЩԵУģ
״ƺܽλü
һ̬ǲЩɽˮ;ĩ·״˿¿޶ȻڽҪ
ѵǴ˵еҪӣ
ΪʲôܽҶЦһЦ£ǵˣ£˭õѾˣҲ˭н»м˸Խ
Թ۵ƴ˼Щˡ
ܸоλԶҵλϵķ֮УԼԭռеһν̸ƣ˵Ķ̸УڱһĥתԷ
λԼΪǵνȴΨһĻȨת˲ɥʧ
룬˵Ķ̸ҶЦһζץסλ׷ʹ򣬸һۣҪ˵Ҳᡣ
ǿн룬ֻ¸ӻЧһʱ侹ǽҲǣҲǣ
ҶЦĮģĵ֮УЩ£δ֮ǰ벻󲻳ҪЩʱȴǾԲܿ޵ģֻ˵ܽôȻãʲôãԲô˵İɣ
λҶЦ˵ķЩԣЩգҲסˣ֪λش
ȻԮǾԡҶЦ½ԵУȻѹƥȴһ׮漣Ǵ漣Ϊ࣬Ƕ漣漣Ǳд棬񻰡
鱦ǹԮҵ˽Ļᣬæ룬鱦󣬻ǻԱֵ֧ġ
ҶЦ΢Цʵ۹֧֣֮ǰʵĹԱ͹壬ίʵǳɽ˺֮ΣŲԣʷ˱ѾʧһˣҪָǣôĶ֪
ǰ˴壬˿ģҲλڳʵ۹ͼ֮壬ڳʵĽϼ壬Ϲ壬壬һδѾ˵˺ܶ⡣
ǲǸովʵ۹߰ڣƾЩ˼飺ǿ߰ڰһֵľ޿ͬСɣ
ҶЦĮĵһҪ߰ڣǾ˽ʿǾսȴǾ˵۹ֻ˵ʻҡ
ǲͬģȫͬġ
ʵϣʵ۹ֽ׶λܹԹۣûжͱһѾǸ֧֡Ϊµ˹ѹ֮£ǵ۹鱦ȥҲǿġʷΪֹûôѾ˵λʵ۱£ǺûڵһʱӲš
ҶЦ¶һ˿Ц


387 ӣ
ҶЦЦ˿̣ҲΣ˵Цˣ˵Ц
ΪҶЦ֪Լ˵Ļģʵ
ĺܲΪϾŸով߰ڡȴ˹Ԯľ磡£˭ﶼġ
κһңԲΪһ֯˷ƮҡΣ֮С
οʵ۹Ѿ濪չĶӾ֮С
Ȼ˽ֵ֯ľ޿
ξΣⶫûɽģοڵҲȷҪһ鱦ҪҪöࡣ
һ֮ǰ޼ԣֳ֧ʵ۹ķ֮裬һûӵİ׳գ
ҶЦ뵽ˣû뵽
ֻһػġ
ҲԸ⣬ڵĹң̷ҲԸ⣬ںļ԰Ϊ棡ҲԸ⣬ںˣΪʬ塣
ҲԸ⡣
Ҿ߰ڣ
Ը裬ҵ£ﲻңǱ˵¡
ʲôҵ¡
˶ѡ
Ҫ֪ҵ⣬ˣİãͬҲǡ˶ѡ
ԣλϸղ˵ĻǴģ˵ǴشҲΪҶЦƻΪҪԵģˣǡ֮£и֣
£ǰ˴Ľˣ˴ÿһҶ㳲ȫܷ⿪ڵΣأ
ҶЦƵʵ˵ܰңŲʵҪҪǣ⻰Լô
λࡣ
ҶЦ˵£ǰ˴ȫҲǱˮн޼¡
̸æ
ȻĨɱģţĵβ֪Լŵģ
⻰Ƿ˵Ȼǰﲻϱ󣬵鱦ȴ㹻ıǮ԰ϰ˴塣ҶЦ۾һȻ½ԵУǣ鱦Ծ鱦ȨȻɱңһ֪Ҳõҵĵ񵤡
󳬼鱦Ҫĳһ壬ǰ˴塭ȴδؾ
ߣܹһҲٵģ߳ǳǣصǸԵļ壡ҶЦȻǵĵôҵĻԼţô
˳Ĭ
Ųţ
βţ
ⱾǴʵ
˿ԷϵĴʵ
ԣڵԣղ˵Щȫ壬̧ۡ
ҶЦһЦ˵䲻Ļڵ壬˵ʮϣһֻӡӣҲ꣬ûӣҲ꣡
ӣ
˶ݴ
ô˵Ҳһۣ£
Ȼ㲻϶쳾˭Сƣ
ھȻλ鱦Уһӡǿп޵ӣ
Ÿݣһ¶ҶЦƵЦЦһ䣺ҸղǴȷ嵱ȻӣҲڹꡭ
Ϊ֪Ǹˣɫȴ²ļһ˵ǵȻӣǱҪһЩ
ʮֻһɻڵһš
ôģ㻹粻أ
ǱҪһЩõģӣȫҶӣ
ҶЦۿǰˣֻȻ΢ЦУȻĮ
Ǹ
ƿһĿ⿴ΧԼˡ
ڣɾԲ
һֶ鱦ˣ
λ鱦Ѿ¿ˮˣѾ½ԵУǰ˴ΪУΣ½ԵУûκ
԰˴˵ȴܲġ
ѾͶ·ٸ鱦̸ʱ˵ǽԼһ·Ҳжˡ
ཹཡ
˺ݺݵһĭҲһڼҪԼҲȥ
һܵļѪ
ûе
λȻݣƽƵ˵ûǣ鱦Ȼɽˮǣ鱦Ծ;ĩ·ȫ޸Ĺۣԣھ鱦ҪǵĺǡҪ鱦ıҪԸⲻԸ⡣
һ仰ʣ
ҶЦĻһ룬УղţǾȻ˵ǺҪǣǻҪռǻҪ˰ڼӣǷνĻ֮أǺǡ
̾Ϣһ
һ·ϻڣԭлŵһλ϶͵һɶ
ȻûκλԻ;档
Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
֮УŸ϶һġ
Է˵ģȫʵ
Ĩɱ


388 ˵㣡
Ҳֱֻܷһ䣺һˣܻǶһ˵
˭¿һĵжټһˣΣ
ͬʱʮȴҲͬһƬȣֻΪ֮ղ˵һ仰
ֻҪߣһ˶ٵĻصǸԵļ壡ҵĵ
仰ֹеֱ̫ջˡ
ƴƴƤ鱦ѰΪʲô
Ϊô
Ϊ˽еôһ
ڣλɻлһéʯͷһֳӲ˼Ҿɽˮȴ˵仰ʵ͵һ㣬ѾԼһǿˣ
һû˻ϡ
ʵԷʵŵϣλ˶ָ֮һ·
ȴҲ
ͿԼӦˡ
ҪҪӻ
סҵ裬ȻҰ
̬ȣ
̬ȣ˻ðɣͷѪȴ޿κΡ
ӦԵĺãԷˣ˫ͿԺԼҲϣŵ񵤻ؼҡһӦԲãļһղҲ˵ˣ޷Ǿʯ٣
ǸԵġ
졣
֪㣬һʱֶ˵ˡ
ǸղҪ͵Ķϣ˿Ҳڨڨ۾ơ
ÿһ仰̫Ҫˡ
һ仰˵̽䣬˭ҲΡ
Ȼһֱƣ˶ϣܹ£˵ܹа취ӦԵģڳ֮УҲһ
Ŀ۽ƼҪˣ
ĵѾˡģ
Ҹղűһ̸ֱȥֻҪ̬ŵþܵĵͣкܴϣ̸ɺϻ쵰Ұѹȫռˣ첻һ
ҳӪһһ͵һɶڰ鶼ˣõһû˵ĵزȻֽ⻹ӸңҸǵô
ҲڣҸǵİɣⶼѾһûʰ̯ӣ
ôҪôŪ
ƳƬ̣ţĿĹҶЦ
ҶЦҲĿ
ӴҶЦº֮дޱǿӲĿ⣬һݡ
һ˼ˡ
Ŀ֮У̵ľ£еĸܵ˵Ը
ٷǧٸͷ֮ڸɿֱͦ˱ΣһּĿ˵Ѿ˵ȵزЩҲֻϷաڸղҵȵĲڴˣϰʾǸ⡣
˵ţ
ĪҪСһʲôˣǰ˴ҼһʵҲδУƴ˼ʸڴ巢һǸ˵ǳʮˣ
ҶЦ״Ҳһ¡
벻ƾȻܹڵһʱ׼硣
һ֣Լ㲻ִЦˡ
ֻõͷ
ȥ˵ҵҲ촰˵һжŵ˵ƿеĵҵϣֻСܹ񵤻ص壬ģͳͳҪ
Ȼ񵤶ڷ˵ֻֿƵѰ£ǰ˴˵ȴǼǧѵõĻᣬδϣĻ᣻ԣᣬΣ¸һҲһҪס
ΪĿ꣬۸ʲôԽܣֵã
ھ͸һҪʲôߣǸʲôŻǣ£
֣ص˵ǣ
˸֣˵õ
ͬģҲǽеȨȨȫ˶ԷС
ҲΡ
ԷȻڳӲԵ̬ƣµҲֻʣ̹һ·ҽҵһУгǰʼݣôô
ֻҪһ㡣
Ǿǵ񵤻ص塣
ģҪ
֮һУΪ׳룬˵ۣ
ҶЦЩĿƣһΪ˵ǲ
ƿе˵Ϊڣֻʣһ·
˵ʵίʵʲôΪһ̬⡣ƳһֻҪյܹص壬ô˶Ϊ鱦ŻѪȫԱսҲ޻ڡ
ŷ˵Ļ
˵һ̣Ʊ˻߲ܴˣÿһ˶ˣ
ǼҲˣ
λϼæ̬
ҲǣΪ˼ףΪ˵ܹһδǾ㽫ȫ͸Ҳν
ļ壬׷ױ̬ͬ˵


389 һƱ
˵ﻰǶ˵ĻһʼлЩôأȨȫͳȥˣƾ׸ʲô˵
תϸһ룬ȴһʵǾ
ߣĸߣ
֮ض
οĶˣֻҪԷسŵҲֵõġ
ˣٻ·֮У
֪Ըλˣõİ취Ҳȷϲø
˵п಻ðɳӵģ
ԸΪˣһ仰˵õͷĽɫ
ҶЦĵҲǳ̾һкЩӵĸд
ǰʮˣҶЦһʱ򣬾׼ȷ˵ÿһ˵飻ü֮䣬иԵķȡ
еϳɳأеǶıеϼ޻Ҳе̰
һ̣ȴȫϵģΪ˼δչֳϣ
ѹְ˴ÿһҶܹмǧ꣬Ѷ˥ⲻûɵġҶЦ̾ǿԶԱ׼ʱΣ̰ͣԱ޳伫ǶԸԵļ壬ȴܻһƬ൨ĵģ
Ϊǵļ壬ǿһеίеһҪأ
ҶЦĬš
Ƽе˵ʸ¾Σ
ҶЦţ˵ҪģǱﲻһҪģнֹԳ棬ҪǾԷӡ
˿һֵ˵ˣǣԷӣ
ɭȻһȥ
Ϊڵ£Ҳֻȫšһһ
ƴͷһ㣬ģÿһжģƵһͷ
ҶЦͷȻǶ˵ˣôҲαãҳ˵ǰ棬һһĿڲһĪҲ˵ڻң֤ǵ񵤵İȫ
һڻȨģ˭˭͵ˣһһ˵㣿
ҶˣҲ˵⼸˳©˵ġ
룬ȻȻصҲû⣡
ãٿԱ֤һ㣬ֻҪܹ˵ôô鱦ҲسŵҶЦĵеĵ񵤣ȫˣҲܹΪⲹһݳ
Ҳ֪񵤶˵Ҳ㲻ʲô˲õ¡
ΨһǰǸղ˵ЩˣҶʳԣҲĪҪС˺󲻾ӣ
˾ȫһл
ŸˣҲһ
֤еࡣ
λ˵񵤶Լ˶ԣǱҪҪĶ˵㲻ǲֵһᣬҲίʵʲô˲õ¡
һԼ˵СΣˡ
Ϊе鶼ҪȥΣյĵط϶ﶼ
򡭡
ͽһ˶ˣҪһ
ؼĻڣҲûˡ
ǾֻΪ֮ţˡж̾һȴҲͬ׼

ôҶЦѹ֮£ֱɡ
ҶЦдˣԼȴҪ˼ϢĴӵص鱦

֣
һ֮£ƾնһƱ֡
ҶЦоԼµ仹еջȻ޹ش֣ϾǶһ
СҲⰡ
黹Ҫ㼸Ϊãÿʮΰ˴ҲӶడ
֮ҶЦٶϴ֣ܹоȣе֯Ǳ仯ࡣ
˵컹ֻھ裬ѯôŵÿһ֮Уӯ
ɱ磡
½Եҹһҹ֮з飬ԶԶֻҶЦŵפأ㲻֪ʲôһҹѪϴ
ǳǵʮλ֮и֣ڷһҴ档
ĵֵŵ񵤣Ҳ֪֮١
⣬мϵСԵ֮ĵ˵񵤵ģȻֻһţȴҲҹһҹ֮䣬ʬ壬ǻԵõĵ񵤣ɵҩС
ĳǳǣͺһͷԶžޣĬԣһϣǾſѪڣĽˣһɽȥ
ҶЦڵ֪Щ鱨֮ȻоԼƺҪץסһЩʲôϣһãĪݵͷȴԼһĸоֻҪԼܹ֮ͨ˳ˣܹװһΣ
ҶЦ˼Խתۣսֻģģͬ￴Ϳס
ҶЦҲ֪Ǽ֮ɵ飬ֻý֮Ȱ
Ϊǰе֮Ҫ
ڣҪȥһ£һˡ
ˣȴԵģȴԵģ


390 
Ƭɽ
Ƭ֡
ҶЦڴ˵رԵͣס˽Ų
ǰһ߾ǹŹأһ֮֮
ҶЦٶȽתɷ֮ò
عƬɽ֣֪Ϊʲô
ҶЦоԼÿһο˵ؾܸогġ
һѹ
ѹԴ֮еǸˡ
׹ӣ
ȻƬɽƬ֣ڴ˵֮мǧûиıòνһ׮£ͨڡ
ǾٰͨҲҶЦѹ
ֻа׹ӿԣ
Ψа׹ӿԣ
ҶЦаգûа׹ˣֻƶ֮֮ĻôԼҪôη塣
ҶЦֶΣŮԼʱΪʩ
Ȼ˰׹ڴˣ˼޸֮Ƿ纣ǻۣȴκԵʱ򣬶ǳԵС
һգҪܣ
ҶЦһа˵ţһ֣
ܣ

С
תɷ֮ݵҶЦڼٴС
Ȼ˿̵ȴһǳŹֵĹѭ֮С
ﶬ
߳һǸղſӡɼһǰȴѾ˰ѩˣתƬ̣⻷ȴǴشأҶ涣߳һĿһƬ
ޱ߼ʡ
Ƭ֮УҶЦѾת˼Ȧ˴ﶬ
ǰԾһƬããƺȫȻûκα仯ƺΧǧҲûа̴ڣ
ڳǳ֮а
˵أԼģ
һյľһƳҶЦȴģ
󷨣
ҶЦһƬѩ³ۡ
ң⻹һ󷨣һ󷨴ֲ÷Լ۾Ĵĸ֪ʶγ˼άԼ˿󷨣ظܵﶬļĻ¶ȱ仯΢ܣҶЦףѳѰ󷨵ķ룬пܱ֮ഫԺ̴еĻħ
ֻħ˵е󷨣ҶЦ֮ǰҲֻǻԵɺ˵ѣȴûۼʶû
Ҳû뵽Լһμִ˵֮е󷨣Ȼǿ֮͵һλ棡
֪˵һǲأ
ҶЦվĿǡ
󷨣Ǻ󷨣߼ҲãͨҲգȻڡ
ģа취뿪ᱻһס
ôߵһ··ڣؼڡ

ҶЦ˼󷽷ʱ򣬲֪һ˫ǵ۾һֱע
ʵҶЦոս˵ʱ򣬰׹ӾѾ֪
ң۲ҶЦķرȻ˵֪룡
Ŀ˼ĿңԶķ漴һĿתԼġ
ѩ׵ģĿ۽һ̣ϵ·˲ʧãһŹӰ֮УȻһ澵ӡ
˵ЩʵӦ˵һɣһб˿ɼһ
УӳճƬɽƬ֡
еļá
Լļеġλ
ӣȥץߣһĿĺ´󺺹˵˵˼ǧ˸ҴʥأһﾹҾô룬󵨣ĹأĳΪбҪ֪һˡ
׹ӵȻҡͷؽ룬ҿǷӦֶΣνأԤű˴ƣֻһֱû˴ƣγ˹أܴҵ󷨣Ϊ£ˣ鱦ķĺڴı֣
´ɫһݣǡ
׹ӵ۾΢Цеľӣ૵ǲ֪ܲͨͨˣأȤ
룬ʶҡҡͷȻʧЦ
󣬵ͬСɣĪ˵½ȵͼλ棬ֻ˿ƽ⣬ΪԼıҲѵмܹͨף
֮ʲô鱦ľƼʦ
ѵܲһ󷨴ʦ
һתһ£ֻþԼǿѣҪ˽λȴͻȻֹͣ˶
Ϊλƶͣ½Ų۾漴ִӻȡһڲԼ۾εİסˡ
⵹ʧΪһ취׹ӵЦţȤ˵һʮôıʽȫݻ֣һУųɾŶǿЧģڻ桭ȴûõģĿǰδǲһȫݻ֮ƻԶ޸ȱʵδıƻͽͣˣǿ㵽ܳʲôֶӦԣܹһ㾪ϲ


391 
ֻ֮еҶЦ۾һһıֱǰߣǰ浫ֵ·ǽһһܣˢˢˢ֦ն䡣
漴ǰһʼգʼֻǳһ򣬱ֱǰ
׹̾
һԣȫΪӰ죬еĴﶬʵãȻܹо˼ȴֻǽ֮˿
ֻǡ⽫֮ҲǲеģΪϾǴڵģĸУǴڵġ׹ӵЦЦܹڵˣҪľпܣλǺЩͬ죬һݾϲ
֮еҶЦǰ߳ȥǧ⣬Ѿն֦
ˣҶЦҸоˣϾǧ룬ѾƬֱˣԼ۴ĸλã˿Ҳóˣٸȥɽ֮ˡ
ȻҶЦۺڲһɵð
ֻǰԾдеһƬ񺣡
һͷ
ԼǰȻȫûа㱻ն֦
ҶЦؼǵãԼն֦عҲ֮ôȫûУ
ôܣѵǻԼղų֮ʣնµʵ
аֻӳһˢˢˢ
ۼһƬ֦ӦڵϣǰҲճһƬ
Ȼһ̣ϵ֦ͻȻȫϢˡ
ͬʱԭճĵطȻĿҡҷ
ҶЦһģҲУ
ȴֻȻΪʲôУȻԼܵﶬļתһ棬һʵԼܹܵն֦νβǼ󣬻ԼΪıֱǰԲԼĴȫԼΪĶѣ
ֻ´ӸղŵڣԼһһȫߵУԼһжݺϷѣ
ҶЦһʱ֮࣬߶ִӽȴͣס˿̷ŭž־޼£侲ϸ˼лᡣ
ҶЦһع򾲣ԼϾǰ׹ңгŵȣֻҪǺһ䣬׹᲻ȥ
ֻǣҶЦȴǲԸ䡣
ڳһʲסңĽȥˣͷǵң̫ˣ̫ûˣ̫ɶһˣ
˵ˣ󷨣ҲǺ˽òãղŵķУ˲һֶΣ
׹һ΢Цعеķвһ˿͡ͷİԼЩ£
ʲô飬ҪԼ
Բκˣ
ֻ֪ҪڣҾͻִŲϿڣҪƾԼ
ֻȴҪʵû㹻ʵֻǻİĳЩһζִţȴֻһɵϡ׹ЦЦ£ҲţǺĵԾͲعȥʲôʱĵʱ
´󺺵ͷǡ
תʧ
׹˵˲ȴԾɿԼĵľ񣬿λôվԭزǲɵ¶ϵЦ⡣
ϲʹӷƢˡ׹ƺһܺߣǧҪҷĻһԼеʧ
ȻôţĹţƺλܣһʮȤһ㡣
Ƭ֮󣬰׹ǵȻЦݺıˣȫ׵صɴ۾ף
漴°ͣ૵Ūõе˼
ȴվԭһĪչķͻȻ۾·һ㡣
ȻȴôȥһǱ߷һͦεӣһȥ֮󣬼Ӵǿӵһ̣ǿȴ˲䲻ټˡ
֮ĶȴǸ˷ѽ⣬ûһȣֽոտȥһ˻
ǿòŸոʧӣֳˣ·ʧ
ԭˡֻλС˵ۿʵ飬˵Ļ鴦ʵʵʵټ٣鲻ʵʵʵףԭˣˡ
һȥһȴûջأҽŸ˳ȥ
׹עвϴеӰеЦԽԽɢ
ǲģܴϸ΢ĸԭ֣˵á
ŲǡҪֹҷƸĶ֣׹˼·ȻѾȷʼո⻹һ࣬˿ߵĲȻһҲôأ
⣬ǻͨİ׹˵Ҳһ֮ա


392 Լѡ
еҶЦнԽԽѸ١һھ֮Ҳܹ赲ĻУȻû˰ء
ҪôߣôߣҪôƣôƣһ·һгĿ
ڸղţһĪչ޿κΡ
׹ĪԣʵҶӴ˿Ҳ֪࣬Ȼ֪ȻӦ˵ǵʵ֪εʵ
ΪֽһеģΪ˵ġʵʵټ桯ֻȫ˻⣬ȫΪ
ҶЦȻһʱ򣬶֪ȴѰ·޷һĪչʱ˵ۣ󹦡
ΪΪ
˹Ĳֻǳԣûɹϣȴû뵽һγԣȴľϲ
ֻҰ֮УһƬ޵ľɫ֮УȻس˼·
С
ȻҰ֮УȴһƬдУ֮ǰ졣
ҶЦһתʱͣתֻ·ǰߣȻһͨ衣
νġͨ衱ȴǰȫ֮ͬǰнʼնƣһĪĲо˿̤ͨ·ߣȻܸţȻһƼ΢ܡ
һ·ǰУ߳ٲľ룬ͻȻǰһͻأתΪ֣Ƭ֣֮ǰȫͬģȻɵģͣҲɫġ

ҶЦһ٣ģٶԽӴȴʼĿҰãҶЦģһһʹ֮еٿǰһ
ȴ۽
˿ҶЦоԼͬ˴һ㡣
ԭ۾칦Ч֪ǧǷԼһأ
ڿɲǿĵʱҶЦסһ߹ȥ
߳ٲ룬ָоǰһȻʡ
ǰΣޱ޼ʵ֣ͻȻȫʧ
ԼǰȻһССԺ䣬ֻüéݣ֮д¡
ͥǰԺһ̵ӣӭҡҷ
ͥԺǰʮӣƺ֮ǰԼġЩһ
ҶЦȴҲֻɨһۣûж࿴
漴Ŀעǰ
Ϊǰһˡ
ˣʤѩ۴䣬ڷīĿӢӺݣ֮УƺȻȻ̺Ų̺ǳǬ档
ֻһϣΪ֮󣬶һʲô
رȫ֮
ĿȻЦԼˣһƬһһ㣬ҶЦһֻһĸо
紵ƶҾͶұڡ
׹ӡ
˷Ƹ¥İ׹ӣҲʵûȡ
޼ǱȴǷȱ׹ӵĸֻ֣ܾһʱһһضѣ
Ȼ쳬ûʧ׹΢ЦţҶЦãǧ꣬żƾһ֮СԺӼҵģʵǵһˡ
޽еһ׹֮Укε͡
ҶЦСѣֵһᡣ׹ӹˡ
׹ӹһЦȻǰ죡
ҶЦٺһЦ
һνأôʧ֮С
ֻ˵ѾˣѾˣֻûϵʤôˣ
Ȼ࣬ƣأۣƺʱܱ
׹ӵǹͣϲ衣
仰ǵʱѹͻȻȫʧʧüէȻֻ۰׹ӻҶЦѹóȫ⡣
׹Ǵ˼ˣԼһζѰ£Ȼ֮ߣҲ쳣ǿѹȫ⣬ǾѰζ
˾Ƿ֮ûѹĴڣ֪η
Ҳֻ֮Ĳأǿʵɵκε
֮ʵô
ûУ
ҶЦȻʵнΪȾԻԪˮ׼н׶׹ߵЩˣóһҶЦһܣ棬ҶЦʲôǡ
˵Ȼ̶ȴʵ
˵ûʵȴҲԣΪ֮ĳЩҲʵһ֣ҶЦƵġֽ֪֮ĵʦܹ׹վġ񵤡ҶЦƶ޵ǰ׹ӲԼ֣ȻҲͲ׹ߵκսˣ
һ̣׹ӿҶЦȻΪһġƸ¥֮ĺ쳾ˣԼѡʲô衣


393 Ե
ҶЦŶȴ֪׹ļֲɹѡѡô
׹ӵȻ΢ЦϺϵ£ǿڣҪȵĲ裬Ӧöб¡
һ΢ЦҶЦͿʲôֵѡ񡣡
ҶЦ˵ʢ飬ҲˣȻԴ˼޲費ȻԸŹӵţȴֶԴеţԾѡһ֣ϵ£޽еĲˡоǣϣ־޽еĺòҺȹ֮֮£Ҳеڶܹпڸֺܵò衣
˵Ҫģһһ޶
ҶЦŰ׹ӣ˵֮ǰ˺ȹ֮û˺ȣȴв֮УõĲ裬֪ѡ񣬻᲻Ϊأ
׹΢Ц䣬ҶЦΪ֮˵ֻû뵽һƷζ֮ˣ⵹⡭
ҶЦĵͷ˴˱˴ˡ
ȻһͲϵ̽ңңȸ裬ȻҲң飿
ߺߡ
ҶЦЩͷбۿ׹ӣĵһзϡǳÿЩߣӻָҶЦӣ񲻱Ҫö࣬ҹԴ󡭡
Ҫʲô赹ҲˣȻԿ䵫֣޲߱
ãҪľǡֲ衱
׹ӣܹõóô
òͽ˵ν治еƨջȥ
׹ĿΣ㼴ЦЦϵĿռóһСҶ
Ȼ˵˴󻰣ǾҪŬȥĹжѣΨнҪ׹Цţ֪󻰣һ֮УǾ˵ĺáһ仰Ҫ˵
Ϊ㲻֪˵Ǿ仰ԼǱ˿̡
׹ԾɵЦţֻҶЦЩŹ֣ҡҡϵһСҶ£Ҫֲ裬ûУ
ɶģǿ飡
ҶЦЩҪˡ
˵Ҳһڸߵ㴦ô
Ϊ޼ɰ
ޣ޼ɲ꣬׹ǲ֪˶֣
ʲôˣбȻƷ֮еƷҲ£һõó÷ĳһ۽ɡҶЦЦݣ̬Ĺά
ȷʵóĲС׹ЩϧĿһСҶЦһҲ˸дΪҪ˵Ĵ󻰣ƫƫҪôļһ
ҶЦüëŶ᲻ôǵ᲻ãҲ޷ģֻҪ˵ǲҶո֮ǰո˲裬ոպûˣҲǿԽ˵ģ
׹ӵЦҲǰ׳Ļİ취ʧΪ֮Ȼ˵˴󻰣ҲҪ󣬶ǰ׳ôͲᷴڣ֮Ը
ԾɺЦ⣬ҶЦ
ҶЦʲô˼ȴһҲûв˼˵ôҾ͵ˣڴνĶһ޶ǸʲôζãǸֻƮ
˿̵ҶЦһҲˣѾ˴ˣøһˣ
ĳ˵Ĳ׹ӶΪ֮һ£ͻȻЦȤȤȤ
һ˿ˣʣʲô裿
˶˵¡㡣
ȻǸ˼ұȽϤĻҲ˵˵ӵĳĳ裬ζѣһ
׹ӴûĿˣԼѡǿòĺѡһѶȣѶȣǵѵ˵
ңҧסͲˣ
˼Ҽ֮͵ģԹľֻһң޷ֺˡ
˵Ե׹˵ţ˹ĴԼռóó豭óˮ
ԵҶЦˡĳǹªţίʵû˵
׹ӽеĲ򿪣û˵ҲƽԵͲ£ں
ʮ֮ϣһԴس֣ʹˡԵ֮䣬ֻһá
ԵÿһԪŻһŹʵŹʵ⣬ԳԣҲҩǳŹʵĹ⣬÷˳ϣϼٷҲõõˣƾΪǽ֮ҩΪҩʮϧĵرƴ˵еƷԪ컯κ˷֮һö㶼ɵһԪУκˣ
νһԪʮǧ꣡׹üëҶЦЦЦ
ҶЦһȻ޾ϾȻϡ档
ⷬǻ˵þҪΪλ׹ֻﴵţƣҴǵˣ̧ۣʾԼҼʶ㲩ҶЦȴ֪λ׹ӣû˵ѡ


394 Ψһ
ȻҶЦҲû˵Ե޷֪ӡ֤׹ӵ˵
԰׹ӵݵλǷݰʵûбҪ˵ѡ
Ӳм˵ѡ
һʮ꽫ʮųһŹӵҲίʵ̫һЩ
ԭӵĹЧѼ棬ж컯֮಻ΪȻȽԵذ£ȴҪԲǹڲһŹˣǹ˵һ飡׹˵صģֱγɵ߷šÿһԪֻһ
ҶЦٶһ¡
Ե
߷ţ
ȻԵĹʵȴܹժΪܹˣ߱Ե׹˵죬˵Ե֡
ʵ֪ܶһĴڣеˣһֱ
ΪԵԵͲһ
ԴӴڣبȴѲ֪˶öԵʵ֪䵽ÿһõˣնΪǿߣ⣡
Ȼ֪Щǿߵ˭ǳԹԵԵصĵ񹦣Ȼڣȴӹɵġ
׹˵һ꣬ഺ٣һճȥ棬һǿϣһŹӣǹӣȴûг졣
׹˵ҲԵδʱ֪Ǵ˵еԵϲȲ裻ǿÿһƬҶӶǴۣһʱһժ˼ƬҶ֮Ϊ˲Ҷ
Ҷʱзһ飬йԵļأõҶ֮ǺϣʶģǴ˵еԵ
ȥǸطѾǿ֮Ҳûм
׹ȫ꣺֪ԵֵõˣǵõˣˣҲʹˣѾһ֮һԵĪԣǼƬҶĲҶҲһֱûúȣһֱڣ
ˡ׹ȻתǸҪ󣬻ҲΨ裬ſ㡣棬оʮƬҶҶʱ򣬿Ǳ飬һ˼ʮƬȻ󣬾Ȼɲɵʣ˾ž֮
Ҳ⣬Ե
ҲţԹ񣬾ԵʶԵȴҲƲԵҶҶҰ׳ġٵصһˡ
׹˵仰ʱ򣬺ܺõԳĿ
̬֮һֱǷƵʲô鶼ǴݲȣЦ·ƣ˵⼸ƬҶʱһǰδϧİգȻȫѹƣҲѹƲסġ
⣬Ͼϵ¼֮ѵõԵ
һ֮УҲֻһεĻԵ
ԼǰֿɼԼˣȴƫƫ֮ˣ
飬þʱֵĴݣֻ֡ߡ
ԣڴ֮ǰ˺ȹ׹ӿЦţڴ֮󣬶Ҳ˺ȡ
ب񣬾ֻʮƬҶ
ȹ֮Ҳٺȡ׹ӿЦǲúȣһҪһƬҶӡԷһμԵһμ治ʶȻ֪ԵֿҶףĵܻиһָ
ҶЦһ񣬵Ȼ㲻úȣôʣµЩ͸ҵˡ
׹״ֳһ˿ЦЩĿעĳˣҡͷҴûмû뵽䣬ȻôƤˣ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ҶЦȴһȻ˵ЩҶԴͷΣʵҺȲ±ûϵɣʵѾˣȻֲ裬ֻܺȣȻԼҲȣһܺȣôһƬҶΪͳˣô࣬ÿοҲֻӲԲԣÿһοԼ޴ԲԣÿһοоԼǸɵƶԲԣôǿǰôﲻ͸أѵһҪԸɣ
ֻҪ㽫ЩҶ͸ң㲻ˣ
ҶЦЦе˵ʵڰæлʲôͲˣûɶʵ壬ĺϲЩҶЩֻܺȵĲҶ
׹ӹЦҡͷҽٶʶ˶ķȻܽռһıˣ˵ɰһæҪ߶ԷöлҲ֮޽еһöҰ׳νֿһ۽硣


395 Ե裡
ҶЦ۾Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˣԼôҪȻ裬ҲóȻóˣû
ŵ۾һ⣬ģһֵ˵裬ʵħɣ
׹жȻһ£һʱ侹ûп˵
ҶЦ仰˵
óֲʱлû뵽£ڽܵʱ򣬲뵽㡣
ȴȻǰеĲˡ
ң˳
Լ˵󰡣ԷƤ
ǣ˼ܡԼᵽֲҶЩʧһ˲䣬еİյԼľ
ԼΪҪֲó
ʵԭίʵԼ˵
Ǳʶ֮УҪԼħ
ԼĵǷݾɥ
λ˵ǴεĻԵԼħ
׹ӳȻ˹ĵŲҶȴѷɵ˲֪ôңԶ
ãչһЦлȻ˵лûʵ壬Ҫ˵һ䣡
ҶЦһ£漴˵л˵Ķлûʵ壬ĶлȴѵãֻѵãѾˣ
˴һ̿ʼ˵
׹ר־裻ҶЦר־Ŀš
ֻƬ̣ˮˡ
׹Ӵӿռ֮Уȡһˮȥ
Ϣֽ֮ˮСĵĴ򿪲ϸĵȡƬҶ΢ЦȻ裬ҪֻԼܺȣȴû˵һΣȡȲ裬Ҫвѵġ
һΣѣҲҪȵģմĹɡ׹΢Ц
ҶЦЦץסһҵ©ռһαˡ
ӶЦ
ˣһ־ڷƸ꣬һ־ھγأȫȻĶ죬תء˿̣ȴͬһһ㣬˴Цȫ޽١
豭ѩ͸쾧Ϊġ
ÿһ棬ƬҶ棬ɵģһϸϸëۣ֮Ѱ˼õĲҶҲǿȥ
ˮԴԴע롣
ƬҶˮʼϵطƮ¡
֪ΪϲȲô׹ӵֳȲˮ֮еˮһֺ㶨Ƶעˮ
ҶЦŲҶˮзҲ֪ΪʲôϲȲ裻֪ԼȲʱںһ⾳
û⾳ķΧɲȡ
ҶЦű˵
ǸԸͬɡ׹˵ںṇ̀ںȫ֡ҺȲ裬Ʒζһ
һƬҶɲ裬ͺһˣųʧɬûްˮһ壬»ɢԼܰ㣻ܰ㣬ȴ־ãڷ֮Ҳʧܰ㣬һƬʬ⣬󣬱ʲôζûеģһƬ뿪֦ͷҶӣһʬ塣
⣬һ˵һ
׹Ӵ˼Ѿˮְ˷ͣ¶ˣҲһӳΪһˣѧϰֶ׳꣬ԼеĲܣȼԼȼվˣ棬ҲûпɹõĶʱ򣬾ͱһʬ塣
˭Ĺâܰ㣬ܹһͿʼɢһֱ֮Ծɢ׹ƺԼƺҶЦȻһûС
ǲ裬Ҳ׹ӿҶЦ
ҶЦĿ⣬Ȼעűӣ˵Ȼɣ˵㣬ˣȻǶ֮ԾɻƸ¥Ǿµܰˡ
׹ȻҸȴĲѣǶһ޶ˡ
ҶЦҪ˵ȴͻȻס죬ҶЦ׹Ҳٿڡ
˶˵
عţǱŵƬҶ
˿̣ԭ۵ĲҶȻ
һ޵ɫ֣漴һƬƬޣڻչһڳڿеʱǻδȫչĲҶȻָ˰׹֮ǰԼ߲ʹâ
һһƺǣһȫ۵ǲ豭֮С
ޱ߹Բ˼䣡
һݵԶôͻɢ
ŵһ̣ҶЦ͸оԼ꣬ƺҲڻȸԾͷƺҲ˺üûпʼȣȴѾоԪӿͬһȻעһӿȵľ޴˳
ʱܱƣư
ֻŵ㣬ȻЧǺ˲Чø󣿣ҶЦа졣


396 ֵ궯
ڣڰ׹˵ģֲнôһ㻳ɣҲɢ
̧ۿȥֻ׹ȻҲŵζǣڰ׹ӵϣȴһƬʹᣬûڣ
ҶЦָо
⻹ֻԵһƬҶݲ֮ȻܲĹЧ
ǳԵأ
ܹ֮ɡ컯أ
ǵõԵ֮еطأ
ֻΣ
ǲ붼顣
׹ӣǴһᡣ
Ļᣬڼʮ֮УֻһΣ
׹Ӵ˿ܹˣǲм˹
ҶЦ룬ڰ׹޵İûڵʱ򡭡
ҶЦڵ޾ռ桪
ǱѾõĵͻȻǰػԾ
ǿŵһʮɸߣڿռڽռǽײ죡
˷ܣ
ּȡʣǺΡ
˾ǽײ˲¼£һ֣Լĵײݵƴƣ
ֱĳΪ˵ҶЦθܲ
ڿռ֮ڵײҶЦͷۻȻ׹ǾԲģǣҶЦԼȴǾ޷͡
̫ˣ
ҪҪôͰ
ҶЦɿһεò裡
űԼǰĲ豭غôһڡ
Ȼһ㣬ˢһͽ˿У˲䣬һ߲ȻӿмҪð˳
ҶЦرס죬һǿн߲ȥ븹С
漴һ߲ٶȳϣֱͷ
龰־ͺǺȾƺȶ̲סҪָоοƣǴӶﵹϳ壡
ԼĵﾭҪһ˲ӴԶ׼ģ
һӿȥȻֳǹȥ
ҶЦرס죬й¶ȥĻᣡ
ôģòһĪԵңõĶȻһħ
ȻҪ
ǰ˱Ӳδټ󸣷֡
˷һһΣǶĪ
׹ڽеİѹȥ׼ȲʱһۿҶЦǱ״ɵ۵һոսеһڲˮȫ˳
Ų豭ûôȤĿҶЦ
ĬĬ
һ
ʮ㻹ס³һһζҪ³ġ
Ϊƾ״̬Ϊ磬Ǿˣ
Ȼ࣬ȴ֮κΣ
ǿƣֻصķЧһãǱΪԵҶƵĲҶôܵô
׹ЩֻĵſϷ
Ȼһ̣׹Ӿһμ֤⣡
ΪǰҶЦ˺ü֮ͻȻһԲӼĳûۿţۿǰ϶ˡ
ĳ˾ôƣ˼Ϣ
ͻȻһţһ˳ŭ˵٣
׹Ӵ˼ĿתĿҶЦһ罫ʵһû˷ȫϡ
԰׹˵һĳ裬ȻҶЦûпˮʲôʼҲԿڶ׹һûκηֱȻΪʼҪģ
׹Ӵ˼ȴȫû˵ѩʲôģΪǰһĻòƲ̫ϳ̫ϳˣ
ҶЦǿУûпˮȫûκΰ߲Ϣ
֮ǹȵȻҶЦĳַʽȫڣһҲûй¶
˲ͳǲ߼ʵ׹ˡ
Ȼһͱĭߣȴֻʣ𾪡
Ե𾪣
һȻܹȥˣ
ѵıˣ
ڵΪôĵԵ߲
ڰ׹Ŀע֮£ķ̾˿ֺһڲ衣
ȻһĹཹཡ
Ȼ󡭡ûˣ
Ȼ󣬾ͼһҡҡͷһ䣺衢ģ
ֺһڣٹཹལ֡
׹ӿƤֱ飬ͷһθоԼԴˣ
⣬զ£

ⲻ֪ҶЦ˿вԾڲϵȴҲͬʣ⵽զأҲ̫˰ɣ
ԭռڵǿŵһϴײĺģڵҶЦ߻أ֣ȻҶЦǵһڲ˲䣬ŵͲˡ
ֻѸײڶ֮ƣٻصԼԭϣವת
תԽԽ죬úֱתһ׹⡣
ҶЦ߲ڵ̲²ãۿҪס˵˲䣬ĳ
ˢ
ԴԵӴֱ߲ӴҶЦһ⣡
ʲôԸɣӯĽ׶ΣЩͳͳʡԣֻ˵ɴûУֱӾͱĳˣβʣ
ڴԼΪٶȴҶĿ࣡
ʲô⵽զ£


397 ûס
ͷȴַ黹ԶԶû꣬ոԵĵٴοʼϴײǽڶҶЦ˾һϽҺⰡȥȣȺȺȺȺȣ
㲻Ҿײ㣬ײĵƣײҵĵ
ҶЦײͷۻݺݵʶ֮˵쵰ҪԼҲô࣬ҪҲͰˣôôҲҪһ㰡ͷҲûҲ̫һЩɡ
ڿеת¶һֺӲ˼ζ
˼ǡˣԲס´һ㣬϶Σ
ҶЦֺһڡ
һ֮֮ǰٶȹཹཱུڡ
ͬٴοʼתת٣ʼ߲⣬ֿ֮ʼײǽߴټ
ҶЦȴżټԼҲջģֳŵԼģ˵һ߲Ǹʲô⾰ʶһɨ֮£òûأ
ûУ
ܰɣ
ϸ֮ҶЦûιȥ
ô˵أֵĳŵǺб֤ģһεĵȷȷûնɱĵȷȷǸԼһ㣬˵һ㣬Ҳĵȷȷֻǡһ㡯ѣ
ֻͬͷ˿һС߲Լ֮еţš
ԭƺƵЩȻֻʣôһ˿
ôҲиһ㣿㻹һ㶼أ򷢽лأҶЦʶдһ޲ýֶ˳ԣһ㶼𣡡
ϴɦŪˣİģ伫Ĵߴ٣ԲסԲסȥȰ
ҶЦһƤȴ׵ֺãʵҲԼãƵƵ㣬һ£ʵȴһ£֮ɴĺһڣʼһΣڸҶЦ˶Щ
һڵ߲һٷݣôҶһշһݣ
һݾѾܲˡ
õĹ֮еĹһݣҶЦоԼȻѾЩˡ
˵һܡòѾҶЦڵΪĳܼޡ
ٸЩҶ˵ûôоеְ֮ǲܴأ
һܿͺˡ
ƬԵҶӾ;ˮ£أɢ߲ϼ⣬չ޾
ҶЦ̧ͷ̾˵ȻǺò裬һ޶ĺò衣
ȴİ׹Ծ״ؿԼȴȻûΪĴ㡣
ҶЦǺһЦĵúúãԼԼ
ץ׹ǰˮΪԼһʱ߲ϼٶ˿ѷ֮ǰ
ҶЦˮһڽһڣһһڡ
ڿռתתתת֪ǵתת
ڣڳʱ򣬲豭߲ϼȫʧʼתΪĲ㣬ȻҲûȵ
ֻ˵ڿʼǿʼĺȲ裿
ҶЦ죬˳־ٱֺһڡ
ڷת
Ǻӿؽ뵰С
һ̣ͻȻһһ󷴷תȻŨŨˮ
ҲҪ
ǼƷĺҲŲҪ
ǺǣȻǾ콾׹ŵĶ豭һڣкЦ⣺Ե辫Ҳܹ˲Ϣջɣ˵á
ڴʱֻҶЦ죬ͲǺģ
ҪŪǴ
׹ɫ΢䣬СҪɣɲٱ¸ˣ
Ȼ
ۣ
ۣ
һ춯ϳ֡
Ȼһ㣬ǽһƤҲҪ࣬޵ݡ
ίʵǺ̫Ե裬Ҳ֪أȻʮüƨ
⵹Ҳˣƨ֮в֮
ؼҶŵƨ㣬ӵƨòڡĳ⻹һЩĲʺɫ
ʢĳ棬ȴֻð׹һԵüǿϧˣ
ȡҶЦֵ̯̯֣ɶסˣûס
׹Ӵ˿Ų豭Ȳ裬˹ޱ䣬ɫٶȱþ֣
һҪ£ܷθܶӺ΢ı顭
׹ӿԷģԼһӣô£Իǵһĸоǰʵ̫ˡ
ʵҲ֤Լ۹ûдһȻĳ취Ž߲ǿɣѹƣȴ޷յģȻЩҲֻкСһֶѣľ󲿷ֶšǸƨûˡ
ֻǣֻǡҲ߯˰ɣ
׹ĿǰȻм޸֮ǳѳ˷֮ľߣ֮ԣǺܾԶ֮ǰ飬̫İ̫İˣݣ˸ǰֹҶЦŪôһ֣ʵ
һߵҶЦҲ޵ݣôô£ǶˡҺãǷ֮裬ҡ


398 յԵ
֮趪ͶɡҶЦ
һ룬ҶЦȻЩİãܹһȾİ׹ԼġɶЩ
ﲻƣƨ֮вֵ֮ƨ⣬ƨߴͷɥ
ﻹǺеģʱ˿̣ǺӦ
׹ӹȻǴͷɥ
׹ӷֻһڵĲ裬ˣʵûˣ׹ʼǰ׹ӣѸٽ˹΢Ц裬Σ
ҶЦһò裬Ǻò裬һ޶ĺò衣
ò裿
׹ӿ鲻Խһ鴤òͺòɣʲôѵ֪ԼոշһƨζûɢأȻŵƨģƨѵȺá
ҶЦûעЩӲ벻׹Ӵ˼ʵĸ
˿˼һ⡣
ʵɲóֲġҶЦ˰벻ͨɴ൥ֱ˳ȻħҲóġΪʲôأ
Ϊʲô׹ЦúЩأȴҲЩΡ
֪ԭ򣿡
Ȼ
׹һݵüë΢΢Ķһ¡
δؾǻ˵֮ǸͱϰˣԴҾ֮ҵΪչʼûңϵƿԴûгֵ״ÿÿ£п̾ȺԵԵ׹ӵЦţƽ˵ʱҾҪ֮ͳȥ׶ȥԵ
ôȴʼûֵͳˣ˵Ҹ͵ˡ
ЩҶ͸ҵλЩˣ¾ҵֵܣҲҪõ࣬ȲκҲԱ֮ģң׵壬ұԱеɵ
׹Ŀпٵһ˿ʹࡣ
һֱĽ죬ͼλ棬⿪ҵĻ󣬴Եһأ֮˵һ󻰣ܲҪȿ޷̨ҪԼĻ棬ֻС
ʱͻȻʶεĻԵʵҵԵԵ첻ǽ֣֮ԵҶ㡣׹Ȼ̾˵⣡
ô;ⲻأǰֻǻϻ˵ϣһʵˡԵξжϡҶЦü
ɲ⣬ԵҲϲϣԵֽΪһԵˮѱ
׹ӵЦڻ㵽һ֮󣬾ͻ֪Ĳ˵һһУܻ켣ı
ԣⶫֻҵħģȴԵ
Ե㣬Ҳҵħ㡣׹΢Ц߲֪Ҿⶫ͸һ̣еǷɣͬҪԶҶԣԵԵ
ҶЦĬһ£룬һָܹоģ컯˶
׹͵Цˡ
ҶЦԭɡ
׹ٶȳĬ
Ȼбԭ
ֻڰ׹ӾԲҶЦ˵ġ
ԵԵԵԵˣһ˵һ֮УҲֻһλᡣ
ټԵĻᣡ
ûУ
׹ΪԵħ񣬸һΪǣǿɣԵǰķ֮ġ
ԼӡһԵ֮нѳ
ô֮һ֮УԵֹֻһѡ
ѾйˣҲˡ
׹ԼȴħĪԼϴԵۼ͵ӵһεõԵĻᣡ
ңĻᣬڰ׹˵ɸ
ΪԵ֪ԵµĻΧ֪ԵҶӣʲôӵġ
ͬԵվԵǰ׹ջļҲҪȱ˴̫̫࣡
ΪԵҶӻ֦ͷʱľȫ޷ֱ𣬸ûκγ֮
û޾߲ϼ⡭
Ա겻ʶĿԣҪռ˰˳ϵļʡ
׹ӼȻϻ쵽λȻҲԵȻҪ֮ƻ
ȻڸĴۣ˿ѾĪԵ
ҶЦҲǣӵԵһܴԵӲһܼԵԵҲмΪʶҶЦ˼ãԲ٣ȻԵԶԶն
Ͱ׹ӱԣԼֻǼƬҶ˶ѡ
ؼȴǡλԴӻԵ֮һӣҲлԵ
ڶɱһԵˣ
ɱһܶԼ൱вľ֣
յԵ
ֻЩ飬ǾԲ˵ġ
֮裬ΪԼռı˰ɡ
˭ռˣʱ֤һУ


399 ׷
׹Ȼһ⡣
оǣһһǳǷ粨֮УǷܹȥһδ֪ءˣǾͳ׵ķˣһˣȻӵԵΣԵ˶ԣͬû塭

ռС
Ⱥ屭̺߲ǿŵںķȥϲ
ֵܹ飬ͻᷢһλҵˡû뵽һȻҲڣ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
Ҷ϶ϲŹأһҪҵ㰡ҶȫԵĹȫԵľȫԵ
ǿǿԪζ
˷ܵطڣ
ֻҪһñվڣҾҵ㣡
ߣ㲻һñͷΪԱһôۡ

ֵ屡죬سŵֵ˷Ʒʱ򣬻֮ԼǰΪȡ׳ͷֵĲء׹Ƶ˵ţǲƵҶЦǰ
һҶңҲȷǰҵæʵڲɾ⣬¡
ҶЦǰһСҶĵЩ㶡
֮ǰǿЦȴû뵽׹ӾȻĽ¼޽еԵ͹
һ棬ҶЦǿѰƷԼô˵ҲӦôĴûᣡ
ˣˡ
һ棬ҶЦо׹ӿ϶йŹ֣ƲὫȺö׵ؾ͸ԼȻ뷨
ЩΪ֪ĹŹ֣ףδؾĶԼ
ҶЦڿ϶ǲ֪ǰһﵽЩʲô
˺þã˵ǺãȻ˳ȭȭƾȥǷĳˣˣĳҲֻȴ֮֮
֣һСҶ˹
Ժ£˭֪أ
ǰĴˣȴǲռײռ
ڵռ˲ռռҲռֻʱ˵ˣ
ˣֲ˵ҪһƬôҶЦ˵
ãѾˡ׹ӵ΢Ц漴ǰĲ豭Ѿû߲ʹâҶӡ
ԭˣǰֻ
ҶЦһǰԵͽԼĿռ֮С
ⶫǧ򲻸ֱռ䡣
һռ䣬ûڤıҲᱻǵǼһֱһȫ˲裬˵ɴֱҲ˵
һ㣬ҶЦƲ⣬ⶫڤĿԣڰٷ֮һϣ
ڵԼûпܿˣַӾ͵ñ֮ñ⣬Ϊһıм
ʱЩ֡ҶЦ˵Ǽ㱾֮󣬸֡ķȳΪӦ쳾ƸꡣϷ徣ҲŪôΰɡ
׹ӵͷˣˣҪԼɣ£Ҳˡ
ĿҶЦʵ㣬Ҳֵͦġɽˮ;ĩ·ʱ򣬻ֳŵΪһȣָ塣ȴΪʲô
ҶЦϳ鴤һ£һֻһ׷󡣡
׹ӺܸȤ˵ʲô
ҶЦ˵Ļһûرؿ԰׹Ҳ͸û뵽仰棬ʵ
ҶЦЩĮ˵ҵ׷ǡһ߻˶ԲңңҲضԲκˡԲҵˣҲŹԵҵˣҲһԵǣǣҵĳŵһҪ
ҵĳŵǽŵ
ҿ޳ܣΪĿĶֶΣŵˣŵ£һܶԷʲôˣˣǳˡ
׷󣬾ǡұ۾һӵʱ̹
ҶЦ˵ţȴð˹ʡ
ʲôˣⷬ˵õʮ㣬˵ĳ˸飡
һ̣ԼǰĳŵԼЩŵˣȴûɵ顣
ΪԼĵ˶
Ϊ
Ϊ㣬ҽĸı䣬ĳŵ㣬֪
ĺ˻ģ
ɻǵã
׹ҶЦⷬؿǰλŶԷ˿Ĺʣȫܹȷϣǰλ˵ĻǰٷְٵĻ
Ҳģλı׷
׹ӿ૵˵ĸ֣Цһ
λ֮裬ܹĳŵ׷Լأ

һʱ䣬׹ĵ׾Ȼ˼Ľ
ҶЦ׹νĵһΣĲ٣类ˮΪѣɶĽ
̸װ׹̾Ϣ


400 㲻£
ԣҪʱΪȣΪˡ㵱յĳŵ׹ĿϬǰλ˵£һһ·֮ˣ겻ɳŵˣ
ҶЦЦЦǲҪҪǣҽѾˡ
׹ԾûдŹ⣬ʵҪ֪ʵһɡ
֪ҶЦ̹ʵ˵
ǷҲ֪ˣܱ˭Ľ£ʵ򶼵ҵ׹ٴʵ
Ҳ֪ҶЦƽ˵
㻹Ϊȣ׹üͷɻʵ
˵ȫȫ£ȣǵʱĽҲҵʱӦĳŵҶЦƽ˵Ժʲô飬ڵʱԼ֮ڣΪŵϾǳŵҪ֡
ԺΣҵĳŵ޹أ
ҶЦ΢Цҵ붼˵飬Ҿˡ
׹ӳĬãʵϲģˣǻʵ̫ˣҲ̫ǣôҲ㶼ô
òϣˣȴǻĵ࣬ȻۣĵȴģԵְɡ׹üƺǷеʲô΢Ц
ҶЦ˵ʲôõģٺãٵͣҲ˶߸µĴ㣬ͽԸ˸УҿǴص˺ֵز
׹΢Ц˵úá
΢Цţ֡
֣ϸȳƵָͷ
Ĳһ˵֣һλ裬޳¶
ôطǰİ輸ϡ
ƺҶЦûκηһ㡣
Ҫ֪ߵǱץסǽԼֽ˱С
׹ҶЦӦúԼǵ鱦ƶˣôԼ֡
ȫ䱸֮⡣
ҶЦҲôȻȻ˳µһץס˰׹ӵ
һ̣ҶЦ̧̧۾׹ӵӡ
׹ԾһȻƽӺݣ΢ЦĿûа㲨
˵Ĳ£ҷһƾ㣿ҶЦʵ
¡׹ζЦţ㲻ô
ҶЦٺһЦٲϻ
Ѹڰ׹ӵľ֮תһȦ
ֻתôһȦҶЦ׵Īˣ
Լղſʲô˵ľôô
˵Լ֮еһˮĻô׹Ӿ̲֮صҲһƬ󺣣ǿգ
˫Ĳֱأ
˵ǲ칲ضǱͰ׹ӣ̧̫ҶЦˣ
˵߸ͲһϣűȽǡ
޴Ĳ֮£Ҫ˵ֻץס˼ҵţҶЦýס˼ҵֻ࣬Ҫ˼ҲԸ⣬ȥҲȥ
ȻڣصɭϱݣЩתҲܷãǣȴ޷Ա
ǿйΣ̣֮ôԶֻԶ֮Ҳ㹻׽磬мܲס
ķɣ
ҶЦףղŰ׹ζЦݣǴӺζˡΪϣͲκܹ˺
Ǵ֮ҶЦʲôǴ֮
Ӱ׹ȫͷţÿһĽڵ㣬һɫ̾šɫǿ׸˾еС
ĸϣڰ׹ڣвһǧദ
ɫ뵳Ϣ
ϢƱػɣ
ķɣԲһˡܹܣʲôˣ
죡
ҶЦ죺ǴͷǳҵԤϡ
׹΢ЦȻĿһЦ̫ˣܺýô
᣿ҶЦЦһ⻹ᣬҾ治֪ʲôˣ˵ʵЩֽ֪
ǵģĿǰľ״ϵͷ׹˵⣬㿴ģҲͷвأǹˮƽ㲻ؽ黳
ҶЦüĿǰΪӣȻ繫ӷۣõóֵǵ뱾Ϊȴǲôصģڵصǣ쵤Ĳϴô
̾˿оǣ֮ǰ뷨ֹܹˣڵۣ¾쵤ܹɣܹþԲԤڵôһڣ
׹ӵĵͷȻףҵĽݣֻʱ֮Ƕ쵤ҩЧȴڱ˴˽׵ķ֮ڡֻǶ쵤Ѿô׵ˡ


401 ϻ
׹΢Цţӳһռ䣬棬㹻һǧݶ񵤵Ĳϣÿһ¯ܳɹһ¯ż㣬ܳǧš
۾ЦЦֻҪţ㹻ˡ
ҶЦ۾ǧţֻҪţȻǴֱʣҿ˵Ŀô󷽣㲻ΪǶ쵤δζɳɹɣ˵ûռǧŰپʮ߿Ŷ쵤ıˡ˵ϰס
һǾãȴҲ֪мѡϰףʲôϰף׹üȻƺЩð
ϰװ㶼ôˣϰ׸ǡְɣҶЦӢЩֵİ׹ӣһ
ôˣϰף׹üͷȻǾĿ
Ȼһžİ׹Ӵ˿̾ôᣬҶЦͻȻоˬ
ѵҲһƯ֮ˣ벻
û˵ϲľǺûǸϻ˭֪أҶЦݺݵ˵漴㽫һǧݶ쵤ϵĽָץ
ɨһۣͷʱһĪˬ
ĺöǲ٣ֱǳĶ࣬ȫĻɫ
ʵǶ쵤Ʋϣδж󣬱ëΣֻҪʮľͿԣ׹İëΣȴȫѾ˲ιɱεĳɫҶжϣҲҪǧ²ӣһֻ಻١
ҩģҲǶɫһɫĳ
ҩıʶۣһ˲Ҳ˲Σһǧ˲λ˲Ρ
еҩЧȴر𣬸޷ͬն
ҶЦֻɨһۣͲ᣻ߣǵƼĶ쵤Ȼ׹ṩҩĻҪȫǶɫҪɵȻѶࣻҪΨһһγɵĶ쵤Ҫϼ
ѶҶЦ˵ȴһ˿ѹûеΣֲԼ
ϲϻ׹ȻĺҶЦĳƺһͷߣͻȻЩ˵˸о̶ûһΪλ߸еô
ҶЦȷһĴȻžôڵ㡣
ȻŮһ˵ϣƯ
ֻ˵Ǽע󣿣
Թ˼ͷҶЦװģ̾Ϣһ䡣
׹üۡ
ҩڰҶЦŪĽָ˭㽫Ƶ˵ĸ԰ײƵãȻһǧҩǧš˵Ҳûףʵ˵Ƕ쵤ֻǻԵɺ֮ʵõ˵ûеƹֻѾкܸߵİտƵƼ鵤˵ֻõƼһƷľƷսҵ·;ϵһشս
ҵһǧҩǰٷݣֻȫҪʵģ֤ɵķ򣻶ٷݣȴƹ̣ٷݣǳԸҩЧĴںϣһٷݵĳƷս֮Уʮݣǻٵģһǻը¯ֹ֣۵ĹƣҲֻʮ֮УɰտԳɵδؾǴ˵еĶ쵤֮һǧݶ쵤ϣܹ¯쵤ѾֵĽˣ
һ㡭Ҷˣ԰ѻ˵ף㵱ܹɵ¯Ȼÿɵһ¯ҪܵһΡҪε٣һҲͻΪһˡ˵յĳƷ쵤ֻһ¯ڶ¯ܳɣҲ÷
ҶЦ۷ߺ޵Ű׹ӣҧгݣϰף㵱ụ́һֻܳһݶ쵤ң쵤ĳ಻ţȫҪˣһ㣬ھȻڳһռ˴˵ӣνλߵô
׹ĨűӿЦôҶֻ֪һԸĲ̫
㲻˵㲻ҶЦףһףĲ;˵ҶˣαشװͿ˼ô
׹ΨпЦ
ǰԼֻҪһ¾ܽ˲ʱһ⽴ھȻԼǰ˱ף󺰴Сǲ֪ôдġ
ҵҩļһžѾǼޣֻ˷ѣҶЦŭңΨһһ¯ɵĶ쵤ԤܱסžѾǽ֮ˣʼǰŵٵľƷ񵤣ǧҪЩ㲻֪ĲšоǣһǧݲȫϵĿԣҲڰ˳ɣԽзն˵ʡʱن£ˣһҲ֪ɣ
׹ӿЦ
Щ飬Ȼ֪ġ
ˣλԤһǧϣ
ɵƼѾǧź죻Ƽ쵤Ǳȵ컹ѣبŲ
Լµһǧݲϡܳһ¯ѾǾĵʦпŪó


402 ᣡ
ۿԽ˵ԽԽ˵Խ޼ɵ׹ЩΣĵĹҲס
ԼƽһΣָűôôԹ
һĵѵġ
ƫƫԼ޷Ĩɱģ۾˵Ϲһʱ侹֪ôӦźã
׹ʼǰ׹ӣ־εȼ㣬һҶЦԣǾǸ˲֪õ֣Ƭ̣ٻָƵ᣺αô˵ҶԵȻνֻȡţֻҵ뷨ֹ۵Ĵ㣻ճˣҲû취飿Ͼˮƽܲĳ񵤶쵤⻹δ֪֮
ʵҶЦԲȻŭб۾ĿŰ׹ӡ
ͻȻĵ׾һ졢˼뷨ڵ״̬ǸʵĲзϡҪһҲ֡
쵰鷳Ҽÿһ춼֮нͷöȴʱǲ˻һ٣ʵѽͷ֮
Ȼڵɡ
ֻƤ֮࣬Ӧû°ɣ
ֻҪҲֻƽ˵ˣֻγԵƤǾͲᴥǱԪɣ
쿪ͷһȻͬҰԭһ㣬ȼգԽԽǲɶơ
׹ȻûʶǰһȻһԲϣҪԼȭˣϾԶ飬Ѿ£ûʶ˻ô죬仹˽Լʵʵ֮
Це˵ΪҶû̫ģԲŸ׼һǧݲϣԤõģܳɾͳɣǲܳɡֻڿ׼ίʵЩˡعҲҪ׼һݲϣŲ࡭
Ȼˣ˵⻰ûп˼ֻڳһʵֻ˵δѣ˵ĵһҲûأҲпܵģҵ˼ɣԣЩĲϣһٶռһЩԤ޻һʱգ㹻ʱռϵġ
׹ӵȻ΢Ц٩٩̸Ȼĳ֮ǰ֪֪ʻңòϵǣҶЦȻڴ׹ӻЩȤ׹ӶڴҶЦҲЩȤζġ
׹û뵽ǡ˵ʱӭȻһ˶ȭͷ˹
㾹ȻҿңҵĵΪ
ҶЦĺԼɣ˺˹
ۣ
׹⧲õͻȻ裿
Ϻ޻ٽʵʵذһȭһ֮࣬ŭ㡭
ҿңҿҵĵҶЦǺݺһȭȥ漴ǿ籩꣬಻ݡ
Ӣİ׹Ȼ˲ʱһֻʳ¯Ĵèټͷչ
˼ʺòҵһϼѵĽڣԡ˳һһ٣ҶЦﻹϣɴ˾˰׹ϣ˵һѹϣҶЦһȭһȭһȭһȭ
ۡ
ò˵׹Ǳˡ
û뵽£һʱǷŭǲ⣬ӾֻһͷҡˡȻҴҡôҴҡ
ۣ
صһȭ׹ӿݺݵƫ˹ȥ㲻ˡ
ۣ
һȭ׹ӵƫ˻ֻӽͷˡ
ۣ
׹ֱӾˡ
ۡ
ҶЦڰ׹ϣãȭȭ⣬緢ͷǷˬ죬һݣֱǡֱ˰
ҿǰϣȥӿ鵴䣬ݴȫһҲݴ˿֮һ֮ˬ˼㣡
ǰ󲻹գ۹Ѿһٶȭȥˡ
˿̲ǰ׹ˣţڰĻҲˣ
ͬķ˼ţ
Ѳ֪ˣ˸ҶԹ
в֪ߵغĿ֮ͽͼʩӰ룬̸ʲô飬㶼Աߣûбܻġ
ƫƫһΣƶ֮֮㶼ڹߣ
Ȼ󡭡ӱˣ
ʲô
ٹƬֻֻ̣һ˲䣬عİ׹עҶЦͻȻĴһ
һҶЦϡ
ʱ򣬼Ҳعŭų˳
˸һ

ҶЦֻоԼͬƼһ˳ȥصĵڵϣŵصƨɼѳɰ˰꣬һʱȻ
ʲôԼôƼˣôͷ˳ȥ
̧ͷȥֻǰݺݵĿԼ£ŨصɱȫλƣصɱʵʣԼߺХȥ


403 ﳤȥ
ֻҪԼ춯㽫ɱҶЦ֮ΪƶҪֻ֣˵ǶĿɱܽԼ˺Ƭ
ҶЦ۾ϸ˸ˣ
˸󺺣ÿһ㣬վһԨsš
ɽ
˸޻ٵԪʦıڣ
ҶЦۣ֪Լֿ˰׹ϵһŵƣ
Ҫ˵ʲôƶ֮֮㣬ֻ˸˵ݣ׹ܹͬһ췭ظ
ˣʵʵȻˣʼڽֹԷʵʵһ˸ˣǺ½λľʵڣϣܹǺʵûУ
ôڰ׹ϣжص
磬˸֮⣬׹ǷиԪʦĸأ
ҶЦ֪׹ˣǾԲὫԼеȫϵģñ˿ģֻǱɽһǡ
ӣһ󺺷ŭıȭǽ޷Ļ쵰⽴
׹գ۾͵ֻʣһ죬ϣѾҲõĵطĿһƬϣףͷһһĴһ紫˵еġͷ
˿̾ôȻţȴȫûаһ㣬һɵȻݡ
ȻǱˣͣ˵УȴԶһи״ֻῴɵʡ
ϵףֻ˵Ӷ
ڰ׹۷Уһ˿ĿϬעԼǰǱŵķãͻȻЦ

һЦһҡͷ㽫ԼᶼЦ˳
Ц죬ȫӣȴҲ׹Ӧ֮ٶȱ𣬾ͺǸովʲôֵÿףĺһ㣡
ʵϣղžǼǾֵ׵ġ
Ȼǵ죡׹Ц˰죬ֻ˵һ仰
漴ԳĬһ£ȥɡ
漴תͷҶЦЦǺڡ
ȻֲֻһαҶЦһٵ顣
·´ûз
˸۷־һ㵣ʲô˼ôոտһٵļһﰲȻ·
ҶЦҲһ⣺ȻĴ򲻻֣
˵׹ͬԼһ٣סԼֺԼһ٣ҶЦ⣬ô˵ķŹԼòƾ̫ˣ
ѵȺãϲ˺
׹ӵ˵һγʷƣǧҪڱ˵
ҶЦһЦһģƾЩ飬ҪɱңǰΣ˵Ρ
׹紺ˮЦ⣬Ƶ˵ĳޣߣʲôĿ飬ҿԽ˵ȥɡ
ḧϵףƵⷢԼϵ飬ϰȡǷһָ֮ǰˣһǳʧҲҽյĴʧȥˡ
ҶЦЦȻʧǣǣ
վתﳤȥŲһɵݲȣ˿š
ͨ쳹в˿Ҳϡ
׹ȥıӰãٶЦ
˿̣ҶЦӰѾʧ֮С
һ治ںء׹Ӹϵףĺþúþãþöûб˴ˡ
׹ӵλ󺺶ǼΪ˽˰׹赭дĻȴֻо£һļƤð˳
һʱߡһʱ»ڽʰ
ү棬ɽ֮ʮһɱ֡Ϊ׵Ĵ󺺶԰׹˵Сʵ಻ףλһγȥЩӭһʵҪӦǰɱ֣δ
仰ĿȴѰ׹ӡ
֮裬벻𰸷񶨣ҪҪ
ϾҪΪ񵤣ʼǴǰᡭ
׹ӵЦЦҹģ㻹ȥֻǲҪ֣ȫˣ㲻ˣôͽϸմߵĶûǵĶôԱˡ
ס
Ǵһӥһӿնȥ
׹ӵͷͷɢ䣬עԼģǸɵѾͷûɵ¡㣬ʱҲûˣǱڵӣ֪ۡ
һ˿ظ
֮裬첻ôǴҵĻҾΪҿһ֮Уٵһ·


404 ˣ
ңܰ״ȻҪΪһЩ鷳ӵıˣôռô׹ӵϣһ˿Įһ

ҶЦһֱ߳ɽлǺЩ˷ܣһľ¡
һľµΪΪ¶еҶЦƶԼƳɶ쵤֮ǰֻҪ򲻵ѣ׹ӲԼɱ֡
ղΣʼǶԷʧԼıֻΪһʱ߶嶯֣Ҳ˺׹Ĵ㣬׹ôҲᵱԼ֣һľ壬ȴڰ׹ӵʵʵ
֮עԶʵֻһҲʵ֮һȴסԼһٽ٣ɵԼǲѡҡ֮˹ʵֹǿɾɲֱǺţ飬ţ
˿µʵһ㾪¶ûУ˭ŵģ
һ㾪£Ƚһܣȭͷܸоʹ׹ӵֿУȴǲֵһģҶЦ̲סٺһЦ૵ҲŲΪָ֮󵽵ξ춯صھһܶĲзϡ´һһ٣ܵĿУССʲô
ʱҶЦѾȥһ䴦
ҶЦȻͣΪԵ˶ԶԶһӿ籼һ۳Ҷ
ҶЦͣ·λãһʱҪ˹ıϵòڣԼڵòǷ֮Ѿʸ֮ġ
ܹϳԲϡ¡
ңܹϳԼ֮УҪɱԼȥ͵ģռ˾ųɾϣ
ΪǸʵ̫ˣƵǸˣͻҪɵԼ
ոһ˹סˡ
ΪԼһְһȻŲ֡
ȫ׵ؽ
Ҫ˵ıԼòˣıԼ˿̵ı龹Ҳˡ
ô£ҶЦԼԪ沿ķţ켫ܳʧô£
ҶЦ˼תϸһαĵεΣȻԼղſ׹ӵʱڻĵһʱ䣬Լһ
ѵǿòֹǽԼɳȥ
ˡòԼ֮󣬾ЩԭΪֱǿһҲӦ֮⣬ѵ˵
ѵ˵ǿԶԶֹԼɶѣܸıݣҲԴһ
׹Ӿͨ
Ȼ
׹֪ԼĴҲ֪Լȥ֮һݣҪȻǴ粽С֡
ոȥϼ޻ϻȻǸǧϺ꾫Ȼô˲Ūһ׳нֶΣҶЦŭƿڴ
׹һֿŪ̫ˣҲ̫ˣֱӽҶЦ̶˷֮裬֮ڽȥ֪ҪάֶõʱҶЦ㶼Ҫŷ֮ݽ׷ɱ
ɲ˵Ц˵
ڿôã˶˵ԽԽȴֻҪչɽţһƬƽԭûκοɹڱεĵط
ҶЦͷ˿ε̾˿ɽɽϡ
ﻹһѣǿһ㡭
˱ڵٶôһϢʱڣȫԱͨˡ˵ˣҲδҪɱԼɱ֣Ȼδأֻ
ҶЦţٴԼĺ
һɽϡ
ͬһ
ۿֻӾҪӲ·ںХ
֮裡㻹ҪܣԴֵʮڣɣʱһ߽һ
ҶЦͻĿࣺ⵽һ쵰ڽУұ֤㣡
۵Ȼһȡ
һνޣջ
ʮڣֻҪˣƾͿܲˣ
ϣɡ
һӣͬʱӰѾһ˹˲ͽеطѰһ顣
Ȼ󡪡
һĿ⣬ȫͣ˻ɽϵҶЦϡ
ˢˢˢʮӰڿշڻʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾռܵƸߵ㡣
ΧһƬȫƣ
Զ׼һѵ侫Ҿ쳣ḻɱֶ飡
һ˿أʯϵҶЦϸ۾˸ϲɫ
ţʹӻȡһͼֽ
ͼֽչһ£е΢΢ǵĻϲͱ˿ȵϲɫ
Ѿþáϸ۾棬Ƿ˱صĿϲЦݣȴǿ΢΢װģ˸񣺡ڼˡ鱦ķ
ҶЦ񣬾ǿһɽ
Ҫһƣ˶ͨ쳹صĳͽɽ


405 ӣ
ֻҪǰ˵Դȥô⣬оʮڵƸԼĿڴ
ʮڰ
汲ҲûôǮ
ʮڣҵﶼųԣһֱԵİ
ҶЦһͷߡ
Ǳô
ңǱ˸˵ģ
ҶЦȻûпǸȺ˹˵˭ϥǲҲµó϶ǰ׹һˣ
޳ܵϹҶЦŭһ䣺ӲССıһôȻôĵļǳô
漴ҶЦźشԼɽ괦վʩʩȻܸɴ߽˰ΧȦ֮С
ԼǰˣҶЦЦЦ˭Һûм£ӡУʵ۹ƺҲûһ˰ɣ
ҶЦѾһװ˻Ҫ㣻ˣȴҶЦҪ߳һͷ룬Ŀҵĸ߶ȣ
ͫ׷ɫ˵ʾһλԪ֡
۾ϸ۽Ǽ̫Ѩϣϸ۾ģ߸ӵԪ֣ҶЦǴû˵
ίʵǳʵ۹ˡǳʵ۹ˣ鱦ķô᲻֪
ݳòֵЦЦ۹֮ˣµ֣չطӦ˵µ֡
ǺǵЦЦȻǳʵ۹ˣҲȲϷƴ֣żչ֣½ܻһġ
չҶЦҡҡͷмĵС䣿ȫû˵΢Цмסģ˵֣ĳЩ֣Ǵǵġ
չŭɫڵһǺˣλȨأæֲ˵ҵ֣һҵҿͷ֮ؽ֣
ҶЦЦЦɱңһô
չŭһɽժ
ҶЦͷ˿еģѾһɽ
һߣֿɵõĽɽ
չ֣ҶЦȻ˵
ңԲֹһô٣
ҶЦ֮ԻֱԵɣ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ˾һӣ
ĸף۹ࡣ
չΪһĹ֮׵ĶӣȴϲģԽǳԸԽǲбϲŭ޳ֶθǱ쳣
չȺɱˣҴ䵽еʹȥȱ˸߳ʮλһ־ܽɱˣҲԷһʹ죬ѡĥ
ΪԸ˵ĳңǺֲܿһ£Ϊץס㣬һĸ㣬ѣǰһɱˣǿŮˣ󣬲ŻһɱԼ
ṇ̀˵
ƫƫһˣȴ۹ʵ۱࿴ίΣ۹죡
۹۹רɱֶ顣
֮£ֻ۹ʵһ˸
νȨƣ
λչλ֮ĵһ£ȻǽԼϵˡ
֯Ͷ˴Σ
״е֤ȷ䣬Լ֪ԼӵĻ£治ʲô¡
׵ǣЩ֤Ǽչһα죬Щα֤ݣү֤
Щ֤ȻԼĶһαġ
˸о˼飬¼䣬ȻĶӣ
α֤ܱ棬ԿΪ棬ϾԼ֪ԼӵԸԸӵĴַŪ¼ǼչΪǲǹ¡
ֹڴˣȻѾ˼䱯磬̫˼
˷˼ȴǣȻѶԼĸףԼĸȫ̶֣ĥҹ˸Ÿ
£ֱ˷ָ
£˶Ǵ۾һԵͷҲôĺ
£
ҲҶЦСԵɡ
ܹԼͶŰס߱ˣ׹βΪӵɥĲȴһģ
һ
һ۲۵

żչһȣϻƹ˸׷˶
һĿĮޱ顣
ÿһӵеԪʵ
۹ӵʣʵΣÿһԱޱ飬˲УһѾΪֻܲӵơ
Ȼűװһ֣ܹϳ
֧ӣҲ۹볽ʵ۹˼ɵһ֧ӣ
Ϊ֧ӵÿ˶Ҫÿ˻Ҫ


406 һɱ
иҪһǣÿ˶Ǹ֣
˵֧ӵĳԱ͵ΪҲеԪ硣
λΪ׵ͳ죬Ԫ֣
һҶҲ֧ӼߵۣǧɵУֻϧһ֧׿ԽսӣȴƫƫһУзˣ鰵Ͷ
Ȼʵϣ۹ӣԴӽԱʹûгһǧˣ
ȻֻȴҲѾ㹻ø۹ɥ
Ҷ̾Ϣģǡһ֧׿ԽĶ飬ǷЩͳ˧УȻնضᰯ޼᲻ݡʡȻ֮˼չһ޲ȴֻΪ۹ʵһЧʵ̫˷ˡ
һ˵ȴֲòϣĲӷڼչһĹεУ˵ɸ
Ϊ֧ӵ·ûκԭ
ûκεߣ
Ϊκ飬ֻҪκ¶Ҫ
ΪĿģԲֶΣ伫
չͳ۹Ӿһ֧飡

ۿŶԷڷҶЦ˲˶Էͼ
Ҫ̽Լʵ
Ȼչûм˾һԼֻΪ̽ԼʵΣȻǽ⼸ܹԼһǾ͸ˣ
ҶЦжƣոտͥŲһ˰ΧȦģʵѽÿһ˵λμУۼԷϮδսºȻ
ҶЦȻȻˣǶԷãԼ˴֮ϣ
λΧ߷ϵˣͳ죬߲㣬ΧγһߣֹԼѣ඼γɺΧ֮ƣޡ
չղžֻǻ˻֣ԷԪȴһûгֵ֣ļȫǵԪ
˵뼾չĬϳ̶ȣѾȥһ˼ĸ߶ȣ
Ѿߵ˲˵˾Ͷ֪˼ĳ̶ȣ
һ֧Ĭóսǿսӣ˭ҲҪºȻģ
Ķ飬ԸһľӣǾԴݿ࣬ɵֵҪԸҶЦĸ֣ȴ
ҶЦ𾪶Էϣȴû𾪶Էʵ
ҶЦâһ˫һԵ˵ǿƳܣȻӭͷȥ
˫һţط𣬱֮
ԷˣۼҶЦ˶Ƹ磬ĸݺݵزҶЦϡ
˸֮ʣ˲ڿ֯һŽ
飡
Էʮ˶۾һգգעſмײ˫
Ĺ֮£ԷôֱֱĳѵҪӲ
ڵڱ˹ѵ£սǵΪս֮ϣͲʱ䣬һƣͬǰȻʵԼĶ֣ҪܱӲƴϾÿһ֣ͬһ
Ŀ֮£ڿҶЦֱɵͻȻһб
ԭƽƽǰ֮ƣر˲ǰɣһ仯ȴڽڿռƾСһ롣
֮ҶЦ˿ɹĿ꣬ҲСһ룡
ȻҲ֪ô£ԭֻһܽҶЦֱӴ˹ȥ
ôش˹ȥ
ֱҶЦȫȥ֮󣬽ȻɣֱǷ˼š
Ȼڳ˶֣ȴ׷ܹ֮Ȼͨʵԭڣԭȴ˵Ŀⶼһҵһ֣
ڳ֮ǰ׼˶Էڣ޿˳İȻͨ
ġ
жϣ󵨵ж
ζһ¡Ҫɱˣ

չһֵʾ
ȴѾˡ
ҶЦһЦ֮£ͬ䣬⼲Ӹ˴ذţһַֻ̣ٵһɳ
˸˲䣬ˢһѪ
ҶЦֻϰʱ򣬷ɿĵ
ۣ
ۣ
ż⣬ö޴ݺݵ˵ؿڣ
ӲҶЦѪȪӿ飬һ˳
ҶЦţֱӽ˵ȫ飬
ֻһУ
һ
ҶЦͶ֮䣬λԪ˽׸֣ͬʱ
ɾ䡣
ҶЦӯص棬һ޻û˿Ϣ
ϣûմȾѪ
Ըɸɾˬˬ
棬ۡ
Ӱڵ棬֮󣬹Եعһ£û˿Ϣˡ
Ψһ̯Ѫۣ˵½ӶͬɫСӣһš



407 ԪһƷ
һµʬ壬չޱƫƫͷ
ߵ໥һۣͬʱͷһɱԪһƷ
չüϸ۾һС
ȷ
߱ʾ϶ͬʱͷ
չߣؽƸĹӵԪƷεʵ֮⣬Ǹ쳣Ϊóжϵʵ£˿ͬʱ϶֮ʵԪһƷô֮ʵͱȻԪһƷ
ҶЦ侲վڰΧȦУ鵭ȻݣĵȴͻȻ춷־
ޱɱ
Լһ˿˿ľϲ
ղŴ˲䣬ҶЦ֣ȻҶЦԭ֮ȫһû˿ƫǣҶЦԾɸоһˮһ
оȴ֮ǰδйģ
ܹо
Ե裡
ҶЦ뵽
ԭΪȥûʲôõԵ裬Ȼܹôã
ղȻֻһ˲ĸӦҶЦԼȣȣһ
һڲ֪֮С
һϲһŭԼôԵˮоųɾŵĺôȫǸ쵰ˣҪܶԼһЩöֻ࣬һɣԼʵҲƱֽдȵǻ쵰ԼԼǿףǺơ
ȻҶЦҲ֪ǵĽ߲ԼԼֻбһ·ѣƣôӴôԼվֻ󵽾ţһëôܲƣ
һˣҶЦͻȻսһһǰǰʹսһ
ʵǰһļչϸ۾ĹâһưƱ˵ʣ漴ĵֻ͵ԪһƷˮ׼ȴעˣʱմʱ˵أأ
ԪһƷ
ҶЦöԷԼɵһ£ֻ漴˹ԼһϰߣķŸԺ½ߵͿԼʵʵ״ǶԷܱԼ߳һ󾳽硣
ԼѾԪƷ۷壬ӽԪƷϣܹԼ߳һ󾳽ˣѾûˡ
׹ƶ֮񡢻бԼϰһˣʵʶ磬ȻһŶۡ
ͺ½ԣǾԲܹԼʵʵ֮ˣԷֻܴԼֳսȥƲ⡣
˿̶ԷжԼʵԪһƷҶЦЩЦԷǡ
ҵΪߵͣҶЦЦչ治С
չɫһȵǣ
һݳӰԽڶ۶ŶҶЦһɫȻûнλ϶ΪԪһƷĿС

չһ֣սپͷ̣Ͳɱˡǳ⣬ҲҪñ˺ȵԶʳǲõġ
ǵӳĬصͷˢһ
һϸûԻȵγԳ֮Ϊֻǣڵֻһ߿С
ڳԾɶޱĹųкչ
ǵıʵԪƷ۷֮ʵҪɱһֻԪһƷ˵ǲκ
Ȼֵ׾١
мԪƷĺԾȫޱ飬Ψȴ¶˰֮ɫͳΪβҵ֣ƽ쵰һˣֿ·֮ͷˣȻԶһݽͣͬСɡ
ǰεű漴ڿ൶⣬һ䵹к
˵Ǹɴ࣬Ȼһ䳡滰Ҳ϶˵
һ֣Ǿɱ
ҶЦЦһһģ
ȻԷ˵ҶЦȻҲϻһ˱ͬһļת𣬾һȥ
棬ǵĵ
Ǻõƴ
չ۾ƽĿš
ܹһƷ־飬öƷ֣
ῼǣ
֣иֵȡ
ҪõĽʤʡʱʡʡ
Ʒ־ȡʤôɸԪʦȥǼԴ˷ѣ
ʵѡѾһǿһʵԪƷ۷塣
һ̨ǵĳһóѹ׵ľνţɱˣ˿СӱϽ֮ǼһûпУʵһҲûд⡣
չɫƽ鵭ֻۣ˵Ԥս
̨һУֻҪ˿գ£ôӦӵԪƷʵҲκβһСģҪ﷭˿̶λʩչţɱһһЦ⡣


408 ԪƷ
ƺ˶Ѿλ鱦ķأԲ֪ӭѶϣƬ̺۵˵ϣԴʮڲƸѻɽ
ţղǧҪ֮ҪȻȷϲˣôҪ飬עɣ϶չ¶Ц⣬˵
һ仰δ˵ȴͻأͣסˡ
һ̣˫ϸ۾Ӿͼ˳
ԾĿ֮£ֻλڳһ֮󣬺ͻأһμ٣
ˢһ˱һɫļ磡
ϿգյԵ£
һ޴ĵѾȫһƬƬ꣬ɢĹâֻҪ£ɱγɣ
һ̣Ѿʼκ£
ܣĵ죬ռ䶼ȻΪɽ
Ȼһ˲䣬⼲λĺɫ磬ͬһɫһ㾶Գλã
ಡһ
ͣĴнȥ
һ˲֮ٶȵǿ쵽˼㣬һֱ˳˵֮УȻƯһӰɢ
λãǻҲһɱǿĵط
ǿɱʢ֮
ֻϧһ˲в֮΢껹δü£ҲδΣ
ǿһ㣬һ
꣡
һȻ˼ǵۿţλٴ֮󣬾Ȼ˾ԼƵ⣬һͬʱ죬һֻ־ڵסǵ򢣬һֻ֣ȴǰס˺ס
ž˫ֱһ˳ʱ뷢
ǵĲӺرŤȦ
ͬ黨һ㣡
üչŭ׵ǡλڰסǵԴʱĿûעǣת˹ӸµĳԼϣһ˿ǳЦ
ţûͽǵĲš黨
ʩ䣬к̵ĵ˲ʱɢңҶЦҲĵһţǵǰϸĵһ㻮ƿռ䣬һ伾չؿڣ
ͬʱһƣǵʬȻԶԶط˳ȥ
ǵԲһ˿Űᣬһһо֮еݣ
һֱȻΪԼоԵİɱ֮裡
ȴ֪о԰յˣĶֲŶԣ

չλ߳ʣݺݵӭϬ֮ϡ
һϮӦɣݺݵزɽϣصһʯͷ֮УʣСصһһ㣬ŤҡΣ죡
ǵʬ塰ۡһڵϣòƻȣʹ泯ſŲˡ
ˡ
ȻſţӱšȦ룬ȴ泯յġ
һĳ־һľ԰գ
˾ȫѻȸ
˵Ŀùޱȵֽ֮࣬ĿתƵ˷֮ϡ
ԭӣѵȻ޴ӣȡ֮ģΨء
жΪԪһƷļһȻܹԵ֮УֿȭظɵһԪƷ֣ңڶԷгŵһɲǣ
˶оԼԴòЩˡ
ʲô
ôģ
϶֣һɱⶼ⣬ǣһԪһƷߣܹЩھּ乥һԪƷ۷Ļ
̫ܰɣ
֮߻пܣۿˣǷ֮ǿ־ɱ޻ٰ
չһ䱩ŭԪһƷ
λЩεĸɿһղſˣղûóȫʵʵӦԪƷӹɡ
оǣ֮ӦǶйǳ̵оǳǾ߶ɱδһ˲϶֣һ֣һ˾޿ܣκ˶޷ڶԵеĵһʱ䣬ҵȱݣ볣㣣һæһ䡣
ʵϣһֱҶЦɱǵһ˲˲ʶԭ޴һɱУɱǿĵطȻڣ
֪ڳˣǸոձҶЦɱǣҲͷס
չһĳ嶯
ԪƷղûгȫӹɣ
ôĵ˵
֮ǰ˵ԪһƷҽ˳ȥװ׵ʧһԪ֣
˶ˣǲ˵Ǹղſˡ
ôĻʲôá
ⲻ֪Ҳһ󸹷ֻ̣Ҫһ֣Ǹ֮赽ǼƷʵʱҲѾˡ
ҪһװƵĴϷ
ô˵Ҳǵйĵ̣ҪչָӲܣиƨã
ʲô˷ѣ
һսʤΪǰǡ


409 ʤ
ֹȻ˵˷սȴ֧۹еԪƷϸֹͬĽ顣
Ϊ⣺Ԫ߰Ʒĸ֣һСһ㲻ʲô˳ȥΧ
ڶԪֵѹ֮£չǿܵġ

صĴһչϸ۾ҶЦ˵Ȼز¶һʾƯƯ֮ĳҲòһָֻϧ֮עο
ҶЦشӻȡһѩ׵˿Լϲ˲ؽ֮һߣƺղֻšǵĲӣԼɾҲơ
֮󣬲˼ҪĿ֮УϾ̧ͷżչĲ̫⣬ˣǰ嶯ҪɱңҾͻ鲻ԽҪɱʵҵ㣬̫أǴˣ֮һᾡע⡣
ԣҪһѪ
쵰һ仰װװ˼£Nɪһʦĵز
ʤ˾Ȼ㣬̫أǴˣע̸צע⣡
չתͷߣȷ֮ԪƷʵ
ͷһȴֻ۾ضҶЦٴķֱҶЦϵϢãһ϶ĵͷǣң಻Ʒнˮ׼ղɱǣԤıѾãǳǴн½һٽĿյ֡⳽ʵ۹ǣֻѾо˺ܾˡ
仰üչвһݡ
漴ͷſģɱһߡʵ۹׼ٳ֣ΣҺΣ
һ壡
һΣΪ˱չֱӽһԪƷĸ֣
ң廹ԪƷ۷塣
ɱλ壬鶹һͷײ˰ɡչ˵
ͳģò·ҲûˣԵ鶹һͷײһСɽ𣬻ƶ˳
һЦ֮£ϵĺԵøɲˡ
ʵΰ׳֮ˣô˵ˡĬĻ
ԼϮĵƣҶЦվڶ棬ֶһɴݲȣʼղ˿СĽ䱸
ȻۿǰҰʮˣĵ׶ЩЩ̡
޹ս£ֻǲ⣡
չʲôëԼ̫ࣿһĸ
ɳ⼸֣ʵս̬еһУûܰڵ̨ϵģ
˵е۹ӣ̬ȣɽԼôһ㶼ûأǸʲôǣһӵҳԶˣһ־ͺĴ߶ǿУȲ˵ʵΣôԣǰô
֧սӴ˵еЩɫصʲôûΨһľֻäĿţ
˵ôˣһϲ͵ˣ
Χɱ񲻸Ͻ
ȻˣȽϱҳҴݶߡ
Ĳ̫ɱ˵
ӷչȥһͣǵñҰȫɱⲻô
Ѫ֮ͽô
ǲ⡣
չĿصǰȥʵ֣Ӧûɣ
˵϶Ӯ˫ʼմŽλѹƣսδػһ浹ǡ
̾˿֮ǰԸЫ嵶ֻһбȡǣͬҲֻһУǶоãѿԤѧ⣬衭ֻҪСĽ䱸򲻿ɴ⣬˱ɱʤԷ
仰˵С֤ǰߵܹ
һѡ
ǧҪ⣬һҪСĽȫԸ
˵ڽսԣױʤ
ʼǰƶţƶ̲û˿ͣ͡
̬ȣӪѹȸУȴÿ˶ͬܡ
óƹѾȫչ˼Ȼûʽ֣ȴѾڳˣѾʼսʵԴ̤һʼⳡսѾʼˣЦλȻɵһԭվţûзûƻƵгɣҶѧ⼫˵ˣҲǶоú͸꣬ղŲһ֣һս˵Ǳذɵġչһ΢Ц
ѾߵھŲʱƽ۷壬ʱȻǶϱһƷ׵Ԫ֣һʱҲҪݱ档һ΢Ц˵ǰλΪֹûпķһȡ֮
ʱһһֱ¶վһߵӡ͡һЦһ¡


410 Ȼһ
չȻѭתͷ̬Ȼһ˲Щ𾴣ΪΣ
λΪ֮֡ˣһϮ£УֻĺɫĮüëȴŨһ˶һ࣬Χ˾롣
ƺ֮УҲǹ¶ģįġ
ˮһ㣬̬֮Уһ޵
˼ŵչķʣλ˿ĵ׳˵òܾ١
ɽɫһֿΪĳĴˣԸָۣ
ֵؿһۣĿûнһ㣬ƺڹգǰ˳ӣ壬ɣһУ
չʣȴ죬һ仰Ҳϲ˵ˡ
Ȼչͱóλ֣ɲǼ½һǿڣȻ߽Ȼ෴زûԭɣ
ǣԪƷ۷ʵĻһܣУһʲô˼
ţ˿Ȼ̤˵ھŲ
˵Ų֮Уʵ塣
֮裬ͷ
һȣȻ֡
˲ʱⱩɫĹâȻԲ֮ڣεɫȻâ
޾˸֮࣬һƺƵϱĴӣҶЦȥ
Ԫ֮⣡Χ֮Уһʧ̾
Ҫһ֮սˣ
һУҪԪƷΪ֮߾ȫһ˵һУһȻǽȫܺһȫԸ˿̣ίʵȻӳһеļȻҴ˿̶һУҲֻʱ󳷵ķݣҪʮɣâȻͼ
˵ģһλԪƷĸ֡
˿̣һУг̾൱ߵۡ


һλԪƷĸ˵ܹʩչһģһ
οһзӵ覣ƣȫȫںΪһ
Լǿ׳ƣҲںϡ
һ֮У
һУγɵĽѹ
ѹеıԼλͬ͡λĸ֣ΪԼԸߵĶֻ֣ҪǸߵ̫ԶôһԾ޵֮У
˵Ĳ̾УҶЦԭٶˣ
Ļֺ뵶֮УҶЦͻȻƮȫ׵Ʈ
鸡ƮƮƵģȻһͷ˵⸲ǷΧ֮У
Ȼɢǧâ
ռ䣬ıâɢ䣡
ռ䣬˲ʱɱܲνɱ̿ɭȻ
ȻҶЦӰԾĺ֮ƯţһͥŲһա
˿̵ĶԲ죬ȴܱܿݺȥĵ⣡
˹ܼ֮УֻһֻСҲѾ߰˿飻ҶЦôһˣǿ磡
ʼղ˿ˡ
ˣչɫױˡ
˻죡һ
漴ֽеԮ֣Ȼ
ڷ˲Ծ
λȻܹ˵ĴݲȣȻӵоԵİգǵҲƵܹ֮£ԾͥŲǾӵоԵţһо˲
˵ֻҪһ֣ˣ
ˣչԱߣλġ֡˵ԷھŲȫǿӪǰľɱ֮ƣ˻أɣ
λ˵Ӫǰľɱ֮ơ仰ʱ򣬳лֻһζߵķڳˣ
˲ʱȻſն
žһ˵ϣһײ֮
λ˵˻ءʱҶЦһֻ֣
˵ɡ仰ʱҶЦѾͬ׺һ㣬صĿʺҪ֮ϣ
һ
鼸͹˳˶Ĳ˲ȫȥ漴ֹĸı״£ֱӱѪɫ
ˣ
˹ͬ뷨ܹ֤ˣĲ֮еĹͷѾλȫ飡ѪҲжϣǶһ𣬽ͷ­Ϥĸϡ
ڵѪûйض岻ȴΪڿȵսΧУѪҺٶԭƽѸ٣ϵϳ壬գӱһȳѪѪң
ſλ֣ҲǳĳֽɫζУȫ˻ƽɫһֻ֣֪ʲôʱѾĵ
žһŷ𣬽ߵת漴䣬һŴͷ­ʹ˳𣻶ͷʬתһ£ǻõһ㣬׼˼չ


411 
һ̣һԲѪȪһͷľǻ˳ʮɾȻͷչ
չ״ɫ䣬ȴӦѸ٣ڿնǵͻѪ´δմȾϣֻһѪ·
ͷʬȻ˵ڵأҲҵһ¡
ͷҲһ¡
ѻȸ
һС
ֻһУ
һУֻһֶһֶϺδһУ
һλ֡Ԥһ㣡
ԪƷ壬ĳ彫ȥƵǰŲһ˲ΪʼĻ촦òҲԣֻϢʱ䣡
ôķ򣬷ʽ뵽ˣһչѪõ֤
֮Ѫ
֮ʬһתǻõһ㣬ǾǼõģҪǸ
֮边˹ս֮ʣأԽսȫͨ͸ôϸ΢ϸڶսǻֹۣǿɾɲֱǾףţ
⣬˻ͬʱһ£λ֣ڱ˽ɫһ˲䣬ӭ˵ģ
֮ǰв˵ʵǳһ̵ײȴǻʵ޻ٵģ
ǴײԪƷ۷ʵ壬ԭǰеӾʹͣһ£Ĺƣ˶ٴ죡
Ȼ󣬲λݵ֣Ļɱ
Уû˿ͣ٣һˮ˳Ѽ
˵һײǷ֮ʤһռݾƵȫʤûһӰ죿
չɫˣڱ˹һعͷݺݵĶߣĳ֣϶ɵԪƷʵ
ͷ࣬һʱŲԡ
ڴ֮ǰǱʶʵʧ󣬾żʧȴûӶʧ󣬶ԤʵԶԵ
ȻʵǰǴ̫ˣ
ǣ֮ԼΪҪͣԼȴôῴ͸أ
һʧ󣬵ͬʱʧͬʱĻᣬ΢΢ģ
ãǲ˵ۻ軨Ƿ֮ǡԪƷֻ߸Ҳ˵
չŭһ˼ǣɼȥ̽һΣֻ̽Σֱɱ֮Ϊֹôǻ̽ô
ſڽ࣬ƿԣ
ôѡôߣǴͳ죬ȫ˵㡣ˣȴȫƵϡҽ˻˳Ͳ
ÿÿ׼ȷϤʵʱô˵ֻ
д
ʵȻһܸߡԵֶȴǧ򻯣ʶǾˣڼ䲻ݷ֮ѡȷӦԲԣƵйϣоǣʼնûб¶ʵʵΪֹûùȥҲֻǶϼѡ
һߣλ֡Ŀ쳣ص´ҶЦ̽һ¡
չԶʱɫһϲָ߼Ǿִˡ
λֵĵĵͷɫһƣ룬˳
ģֻһʹһįζ
ɫ磬Ʈˣһ˼꣬һΪ˼޾뱯
ҶЦüͷ״һ¡
ˣԴӱΧһʼڹעš
Ӧ˵쵼չɱֶǿᣬεʢ󣬵ǿ޾ôߣҶЦûô֮УȻǴ򲻹ģҪȫ˵ĻҶЦаա
ǼչˣԪƷߣֻΧפصͳ켶֣ܶҶЦ̫в
ҲʼղżĸԭڣֵĴݲȣĲǹ򶨣ĵ׵ʵдա
ֻҪߣԪƷҲ׷ң
ΨжԷеǸˣҶЦоܹ죬Ǻܲ
ԴӵʼֻһƬĬ
۾עԼʱ򣬸ҶЦĸоȴǱһ߶ˡ

һԴֱǿΣգ
˵۹УܹҶЦвģ˱Ȼλɣ
˴˼һߣǷݹ¶ĸоįĸܣҶЦо
оǣɫʼյģϵƣ룬ԼǷĮȻ룬޲ҶЦоһֺܹŹֵζ
ƺ˶䣬Ҳûκε
ʱ׼ţӵ
⣬˵ϣһɼɭϢ


412 ɱ
ϢȻɭ䣬ȴ־Բɱʲôһʱݣ֮úܲĹϢ
ҶЦоԼӦöӡȻûкչ棬ģʱԼǰˣ
һʱȴ˵ʲôҲû
λƮƮǰվҶЦǰԼɵĵطƣ̧עҶЦƣ˵ԲסҪˡ
ҶЦȻǶԵסǷͲô
һ㶣ٿһҶЦֹ¶룬ԣϢҲʼŨ
ȻΪ˵һ仰Ѿ̫ˣȻҶЦĻػȻ˵ĳ嶯ȴǲ׼ٿˣתΪֱӶ֡
ȻʱҶЦһ૵ԭˣȻ޿ı顭޿ƽ죿
ɫĮȻֻ֣һţŵˣ֣ˣͱû֡еˣֻһ֣ͬʬ塣
ҶЦŶ⻰˵Ĳе
Ľ˵һؽ磻ֻУظȥḶ́˭Ҫôһ⡣һ˴Сѧһ£ȻǼѵһ£ҪҪȴܿ죬ܼ򵥡
ֻ赶һͷأһˡ
λֿĮȴԼе֣Լôô໰
Χͺ񡭡ͺڴߴԼԼǰ˵һ㡣ָоʵǺܹ죬ܲڡ
ԣ˵ⷬ۵֮󣬾ıסͣ˲ǰķ֮裬ǳڼ
ҶЦǺǺһЦ⻰˵ǲеһ伫ȵĻµɱֿ˵⡣һ½ɱ𣬾˵͸
޿µɱ֣һƽ죡
ҶЦ֪ǰ˵˭
½ϵģµɱ֣ųɱеƽ죡
Ķɱ֡
֮ڵԼޱʥҵ磬ʵϣޱʥйʧ֣λƽȴǳֶգûʧֵļ¼ֻǴһ͵ҲʲôУս֪ˣ
ԣΪɱʱ򣬱ΪһޱʥԴ˱ʾΪޱʥƽ콻֣ʱʵڲ֮䣬ֻԼһߣߴΪ֪սޱʥҲҪƽ֮ϵģθ£ƽ챾˶вԣԼеڼͲ⡣
ԣƽձ㱻˵λ
Ȼƽڵɱ𡯵ţȴûҪжޱʥҲ׳ԡ
ƽһ춯صΪͬСɣ
ޱʥȻԼƽǿ㾡ȫ֮»߿ɱƽ죬ԼҲҪϴһΪܱˡԤϣսʤޱߺĻҵҲӴ߽ңƽս˵ֻ֮֮սûκεĺôޱʥϼ޻ôɵ¡
䣬Ѿɱ֮ﻹʲôȤȥһͷλ˵Լ߻һѵæýͷöĵûհ
˵ҶЦƽӡȴ⼸̸֮ۺ½ɱ֮еʵɸ֣ƽȻ׵ͷһҶЦӡ˿һԷ޿飬ʱͲ³˭
Ϊ³ǰ֮˭ҶЦмɵ֮вһ亹
ݺܵеľɱ֣ɾԲǼչЩνԪܱġ
ֻҪһĿֲ㲻õƽλɱĿ³̶ȡ
ֻǣҶЦôҲ벻ͨȴǡλɱ֣Ϊѻһ޿ĵУ
оǣϵɭϢĪȴֲƽ챾ɢġ
ô£
ͬҶЦ˼ʵ˼ȣƽȻ˽ĿɲǼ罣ݺύɱ˲ʱǵصӿƬ֮䣬ŰԶ
ȻҪˡ
ҶЦȴڴ˿Ȼ۹ΪΪһ
ƽȸ֣ҶЦɲ˿⡣
ϾԼڵΪԷ˵̫ࡣ
֮ǻȪ
⣬һ֮ʣҶЦȴΪǰһ¡
Ϊ۹۲췶Χڣƽ࣬ȻƯһŻ

ҶЦĿһۣ߾۽Ҫ͸ŻΪΣ
ƽ࣬ôһŹŹֵĻأ


413 а
ȻҶЦǿд취˲䣬һĪ궯һ߲ͻȻϣڼ䲻ݷ֮ǿнҶЦ۾
߲Ե
ֻһ˲䣬ҶЦǰͻȻʹģתΪ
ֻŻ֮УһݵŮԵֵĹԼƽ죻Ů˼ȻŹŹֻ֮УڿƽʱȴһᣬŨûǻ⡣
Ůϣ˫üģһСС룬Ϊݣ¡
ҶЦ׵סˡ
⵽ô£
ϣ
ƽ쳤ʣֱˮһĨڿ磬溮һȻֱֱָҶЦƽƣ˵Ŀ֮аɣ·Ҫߵͷҿ죬ߵ˾ͷߵ˾ͷ
ҶЦĿԾɽŻֻŻ֮еŮɲǼøţǵĵעƽ죬һֳʹ
ҶЦһƽ죬ܾʹܣػŰ֣ʤ֮䣬ƽɱͷ
ƽ۾Σյĳƽ˶ݺ£ûйκΰ֣⻰ǽĳСˡ
ҶЦЦûа֣Ϲôλᣬüһɰȴô£ѵˣ
λᡢüһɱȴô£ѵˣ
仰ƽУǾһȻը죡
ƽɱȼ־ۣ㵱쾪ףҲֻţȻ˿ֻ̣仰һʱ䣬ѰͷĿѣڸٸнȻΣ
ƽԭ¶ʣ˲ʱȻ޴档
˾㶵һ۾ҶЦã͵һ£еĳֵڵء
ॣ
ڵأȻȴǻȻֻһζؿҶЦ˵㡭˵ʲô
ߵŹ֮УλŮҲ͵̧ͷֵſ̴ڣ۲ŵҶЦȻܹң
ڳȴɶһ㣬ͷԡ
˵ڸʲô
չŭȵҪսսαװŪŪ飬ʲôʲôûУΪǶϹģ㵱ô
ͬһ䡰ǶϹġȻƽ죺Ƕأ߷ʲôûУզˣϽְ
ҲǷ׷׳ԣһɺԣǶʲô֣
װŪ޳֮ȣ
ʲô֣գǬ˵˵ʲôã
ҵȽˣôЩ
ʱ䣬һʱ֮޳֮ȣ

ܱôδߴ٣ƽ˼ȴаһ㣬һζĵҶЦһ
ȻҶЦڱޱȻޱȵĲŵļ仰ȴƽĺľ޴˳ѾҪԼ
˿̣Ҳίʵֻһ˲֪⡮λᣬüһɰ״ʲô
ɺϣһҲֻ˵˫ü֮һɰ룬ߣ˫ü֮һ룻˫ü֮һɰ룬ҲԲɺϵᡯϡ
ΪѾʣǳࡣ
ȻҶЦʵҲֻ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼ
Ѿ㹻ˣ
ôɳа֣ȻһŮδʲôʼˣ㻹ҷôҶЦƽ졣
ҲϣҳϣҳϾǣƽ
ǼУʹ࣬⼸仰ƺǴĵ˳һ㡣ͷεıԼ⡣
ԳԼȻҲˣȴΨҶЦָ˵ڣ
֮еŮƽӣɵûŴŵĵֻǣˮһۿ㻯һѰ˸Ļɫع֮С
ֵĶƽ죬Ƿı飬ͬκ˸еݡ𺳡
ƽ죡չһϺȣ״˵ұˣһɱ˲ؾȻƭӵĹϿ춯ְɱħҪ˵ͽȻһӢ
ס죡ס죡ƽһŭļתżչϵļ鴤ţҲƵļţһ˲ͳ˼ȷߺ޵Ѫ˿ѹѹ״˵չ飬ҪǸٶ˵һ仰ҵ£Ҿɱ㣬һɱ㣡ƨħ
ȻɱͻȻǾвԵĴǣƽ˵ɱȻ޿ֲ


414 һԵ
չӶȻһ𣬱Ȼɱ˲ʱ⧲ߣɫʱ԰
ƽɱ֮£һҲ˵
λµɱһ̱¶ɱԳԽµһɱ䣡
ܵʲôĴ̼Ż˱
оǡǸ˫ü֮һɰ˭أ
ȴ֪Ǹƽζʲôǵ桰ħϡȥƽֻ±ҪڳҲйͷ⣡
һߣҶЦȻҲ֪Ǹ˭ȴµƽش󣬵˵֮⣬ɼһߣȻ˼ʱսΣȴһ⣬Ϊ˹ͨһ
ֻΪһ˼顣
Ϊ
ڿޡҶЦ侲ĵڿޣ۵ӣƽ죬˭
ڿޣôڿޣΪʲôҪޣҲǺúõôΪ޲ǰƽʧǵ૵˵ͻȻ¶ͬı飬˻˵ҵ㡭㲻ҪޣҪޣ
֮еŮȻҪŬסˮȴֹסԽԽࡣ
ҶЦۼ˿֪̾Ƿýʵ棬Ϊʵ棬Ʊػƽ״Ӱϼӽѩϼ˪
ƽͻȻ嵽ҶЦǰеʵ㵱ܿõģ仰ǳ˿ͼУ־ҶЦ񶨵Ĵ𸴣γɿգ
˿̵ƽ죬ȫް䱸ҶЦȡ練ƣҶЦΪˣô֮ܳΣ
ƽķʣҶЦƽͷ˿϶Ĵ𸴡
ƽ켱еʵ˵Ļܲܲܣ
ҶЦŻ֮УԳճƽŮ϶ĵͷȻҲ֪Ϊʲôǡȷʵ˵ĻܿһһеһУ
ܣ
𰸵ƽһ󼤶ͨ죬һ㲻ȣʶһ£ˤڵأվ֮࣬ãȻ񣺡ԭһֱڡһֱڡҲ
˿̵ƽ㵸׳ȴǻ
ǣ˿Ѿ֮С
˼Ī˵ҶЦɱκ˶䶯֣׾ٵλɱ
Ѵ֮
ҶЦûжֻ֣
ɱһˣҶЦ飬ЦΪ
˵㡭ҡƽˮģ˫ۣ߶߶֪˵Щʲô
һ֣ɱ˷֮裡־ȳչۿƲԣ
ôȥֻƽ˵͵תɱԼ
˭Ҳ뵽һ½ɱ𣬾Ȼйꣿһᱻ仰͹ƻߵ
չмƣ룺һôļǮǹӶһٻɣ
Ȼ֪˿ͻ᳹׵ƽ죬ǿƽ״ǹ˲ôˣԽȥԽ࣬սپ
߰ʮһͬʱ˹
ƽ˿Ȼڳճյ˵ȻȻ겻ᣬƺһУҲŲʣȫȻ֪
Ȼˮȴǳ˼µᡣ
ƺеˣ˿̾ǰţһÿһ˵
ΨҶЦ֪ǻ֮еŮ˼Ҳעÿһ˵
ҶЦЦ
Լ֮Ϊİ֣ǰ֮ʵȴ֮еľ档
ֻǣƺǽһ̼̫˰ɡ
ڣô˳ĿֻȻֹԼ
лᣬаգǾԻƽ֣
ûκԥ
Ϊ˿̵ƽѾǵͬ飬һ˲ȶĲʱը
ʱըܶԼˣ
ԣǲԥ
˵ǳˡҶЦ˵˿̱սΣ֮ĵˣҶЦܹԱǼޣʵûչƽ졣
Ȼƽ޶ԡ
ǳҪץˡҶЦֵ
˿ʵ̫գֻд˸׳нһٵȷƽָսʶ
˭ңƽתΪȻ˫Ŀ磬ɱݺᣬХһ˭ץҵ˭
Ȼһڸ׷ɲסǰ֮ơ
һУǸоһͷڶ
ôģʲô¶
ǲϽɲҪȶƽ죬־ƽ죬ʹ˿ָ̻ѵƽ죬ȫͬĸǰֻǴ׸򣬺ȴɱ
ƽĿ⣬һһӹһϵĳϡһصС


415 ݺ
ɱ٣һɺ˲ʱ˵
ۼ𣿡ƽתͷҶЦʵͻسȣ뿴Ҫ
漴תͷ죬૵ģʹ˵Ҫۿɶƭӣƭӣƭӡ
أƭӣȴֻһƬᡣ
ҶЦƽ˵ѵ跨ôʵĵطô
ƽȻ򣬵ﲻʵĵطҸطϸ˵
ͻȻתͦгһӣһ
һڿмӹƽǰȻһʮɵĿռѺۣɫŤòʧ
ÿһ·ƽĮȫȻɵ˵
֣ôչбһӣ˼ʾȻҲĲ
Ҳ벻ᷢչط
ȻղѾ־ƽ춯ɱģ˿ƽѾָǣȴҪվҶЦһߣǾƽĲԣ
ûκȤϻȻѾʰˣƽ˿ȻȫָɱƣһɱأԲϳ𣺡ÿÿ
ɴ̤ǰȥ
ƽȻһ̣ƽ״̬ۣ¾ˣҲԲ֮潻档
ٱޱʥ붼棡
Ϊƽ˿Ȼƽʵѷˡ
ķӣӵо춯صʵǱµĴڡ
ΪǱȫһ̼ޱ
еһ̣۷壡
һ̣ƽûа
⣬µģ
УΨһִŵһͷ뿪Ҹط
ִȴ̺ƽһı磬һϣ
Ǵ˿Ծͻˣ
ɱ񣬷ɱɱˣ
صߣɱ֮
չϣһһϣɱ˷֮裡
˵꣬ȴˡ
ܣĺɱɫĮӦӵϡ
ʮڵ۲Ƹջ󣬼չվѡðա
Ȼµɱ֡ɱͷˣôˣҸӹ֣㵱ܶɱô
ƽɱӿɭȻȵ
˿̣߸ƽǰÿ˶ӯɫʣȫԪ֡
治ֱƽ죬ʵǼȫ뾡˰취Ҫƹƽ죬Ͻնɱ֮裬˽ۡ
ȻѪɱ֣һ˭ɵ
ƽ죬
Ŀǲ㣬ֻɱĿ˰ɣ
ǣǺһġҿһ˼·ôҲЩɣĺ˼ɱ֣
Ȼǲ֪˿̵ƽ죬һӣ
һӽ飬òƱȳ˵λҪ׳հɣ
ƽһХֱ߿ա
ХڶȻˣ
һһƬĽ⣬ǳһ༱𣬺ǰӿֻһ˲䣬ɷԲѾɫ⺣
һƬɫĽ֮Уߵɫĺâһ
ƽͷҲأ˵ҳ壡
ȴ̤ǰ
ߵɫâѪ׷ɣ߸Ԫ֣ȻһҽУڿķѣͷ­֫籬ըһķɢ˷
ƽ˼Ȼʮɾ롣
ܣһƬ֫ϱۣĿǽ塣
ҶЦ״࣬ԼƽԤƫģµɱ֣Ȼ鴫ʢ֮²ʿ
ǽƽղŵλûԼȻԼҲаտԶԸԷΧаȫˣ˵ɵɱ˵ˣȴġ
˵ƽݿһ·ɱǺ
֮˵ǺѣǾȴΪҶЦеƣֻҪƣһʱ֮ڣΧɱ˵ˣȻҲܰ쵽ȴ뼺棬ϾǰҪȫˡ
׿Щϸ֮⣬ҶЦΪĻڣƽ˿̵ļƣȫûа˼ֻһǰǰͳ塣е·ģһɱ⣬һߣ
ȷʵˣΪнߣһغˣ
Ȼǲ·ǾͲ·Ҿһֱɱȥһ·ɱȥ
ƽɫӲĮٵƶнˢˢ죬һѪôĴ쮷ɡ
ƽǰ·ҶЦ޳ɣ޵չӰһ㣬ƽһʱǵȫݣû˿սĻᡣ
˿̵ƽͬһ޵ս񣬽еսһȫȻڿžһп˺ҶЦ


416 ޾
ҶЦ˿̶ƽ˵˿ҪˣȻԼ£ҲҶЦ£
ϾҶЦϢ
һ缱ӹƽļ漴һѪ⣬ˣһˡ
ʱƽʼԹѵڣǽڻĸķŵҶЦϣԼһ©ˣ
粻һ㣬⺷ȻһոԪ־ˣѱһΪֱɰգأԵתʱƽѾֳȥʮɵľ룡
˿̵ƽ죬ħң޿赲
ۼ˾ҶЦвɲ졣
Բƽʵˮ׼ƽȻµɱ֣ɱԲϬȷ
ˮ׼˵ڶޱʥͳϯˡ
Ƭ֮Ĳ֮࣬ȴ˲ʱ
ƽʱ˿ܹ֮ӳʵȴΪѾҵľ磬һֳȻ״̬
״̬£˻ħʵȴǽ˱ԭʼķ֮УǽΪӵµ״̬Ȼ˿ҲֻҪƽһĽ״̬֮УóȻҲֻбذһ;
Ϊƽһ׷
û⣬ƽһӣҲֻܱôһζѡ
һε⣬ȴƫƫͱչˡ
֪ҶЦˣǼչĲأ
ԡҶ󣬾ͷ֫ҷɣѪء
ڹһҸ棬ٲÿҾͽȫɱ⣡ƽͳֱȻżչ
չɫ԰ף޿־֮ȴܻƽ죬㲻ãСˣҪˣѾ˱ʮӣ㾹Ȼɱƻҵ򣡴Ӵ˺ɱֽ磬Ҳûƽ֮أ
ƽ粻ţԴ̤ǰ壬أɢһȦһȦɫ⣬籩һĵ֮ŰݺᣬĮȻ˵ʮӣһỹ㣬ƻɱйĳеȻ֮£ȴǷɡ
²ǰ·ҽҪ˵һĲֵ
ٲÿҾҲɱˣ
ƽһХγһبڿеĳָżչ
ֻôһ˲䣬ƽһ·ϣѾ˵ȫǲֵϱͷѪҲʮλ֣Ѫ·֮ϡ
Ѫ·ǻȪ·һȥ
ûܹ赲ƽ°벽
չһ֣ɴ⣬Ϥæ˺һƽ֮Уͬһ֮гħηζ
ԪƷͷɢĻصչ󣬴ڴڵĴɫ԰ף񾪾塣
ô£
ЩôҲ벻ף
ƽʱҲһչʵӵĸֹУʢ֮²ʿգλͳǳҲƽսƽѣ
ʵνǾףһ֮սλԪƷ߾Ʒĸֲ·磬Ķս
ɱͷǵ֮
ʱԵһսÿ˶ܸоƽ첢ûʵ
ʵ˼·һ֮սƽλԪƷ߾Ʒĸ֮࣬һʵ˵ʵ̫ˣ
µһɱҲûʵɣ
ڿ
۹ȫԱȫԸλͳ֮ɱȣ
Ҳ൱ڶʮλͳɾʵȴƽһɱһ䡣
һ潻֣ƽûʹЩɱֶΣ
ô£
˵ƽռսǵʵ

ߣչɫŤţߺ֮صƽ죬ƤӶ£ұ֤ڵģһڣ
˿еգüչܵòûʹȥ
ҪһѪ
ƣֵ˴֮£ۿپʮڵƸֿɼȴķôһ顣
һԼڲֵ⣡
ƽҲ֪ʲô񲣬Ǹķֻ֮Ǹҵ˵˼񲻹ĹȻôˡ¼䣬ȻɵƵɱ֣
һ仰˼й
ɣչֻҪһ붼оԼҪѪ
ƫƫ˻ôǿôֲʵǲ
Բ
Ҫ֪һӻͱ߸£ƽ츩ˣ
ڿɵãֻ۰װ׵ؿɵԼӪɱķԼ޿κΪ


417 ˭ɵģ
չƵļ۶ȥȴƽ쵭˵ҵ£ٶһƥ
չһѪ
Բ˱ȣôɱôˣȻҪǵҪǸװŪķ֮ҪһƥȻôһȻĿֱͬϼ¼һ㣡
ôĵԼʲôˣ
ŸҪںܾһŨ쳣ɱȻ֮ٶϯ
˼ס
ɣ
չʱһ߷߽֮£Ϻһƥ
չ˲ʱ֮䣬˼תǧǲٿ˿̵ƽ죬ѡίȫһ˵һҲУ
ֻһ֮ίʵҲûȥˣһһƵĴɱȥ
ӲҲ׷״ȥ̳ףת۾ʧˡ
ˣҲҴңȥҲҴң⣬뿪òһҲյĹ⾰
ЩѾȥӸ֣ǶûᣬȻʬ˼ҲûˣԼսѱʬҰˡ
ƥ
ȣƥѣǡԭûƥȻʮƥ
һߵʵ̫æչһ£üͬʱӦÿ˶ƥѾս
ԼҲûϵ
ȻæĴ˭֪һ˼ƥ
ͳ춼һֻһӵӰˣӻں⼸ƥ
Ͻ
ټЩ˵ƥʮƥô࣡

ЩȻӵӰ٣ƽޱ飬أǹһվš
ϣ崦˿ڲϵѪȴǺƸûао
ֵˡƽɫЩУΣѽ⣬ڿԺúõ˵˵ɡ
ҶЦΣһ£Ȼ˵ԲǾ֮أҸطҿɰģҲĵĵط
˵ţĳɨһۡ
漴ƽͬʱޣžһңڶȥ

ߺƬ̣ɽһߣһɫʯͷͻȻĪ䶯һ¡
漴һ˻ƾջûһشӵ˳˶ϵһԻ૵ô£Ҫ˵չףҲԺƽôͻȻꣿɱ𣬲־ƽӹ֮ɣͷ֮ļֻСŪˣôô׵ȡƽȫΣ
ͷʵ벻ףƽƽյôɱֵģô쵽λȻʵȷʵˣɱ֮־ʵǡ
ֻǣ㲻־ôƾվһ¼ı࣬ǳϣ˼
ˣһȻȥүı˵
˷𣬼һֵķȥ
Ĳͬ죬Сֻƽ춼ûзȻҵĴڣٱһۣⰡ
ӰȻʧˡ

ڻصֵƶ֮֮㣬̤ŻĲ˽ȥ
ӣǻˡ
һƽգӰҪͬʱȥȥߡ
ϵİ׹ԾɱˣġŶһֵ˾ͺãţﲻҪ̺ȥϢɡ
ͷʼղϻתһζǰ֡
Ů״ʱе˲ԾɵһۣôˣӡòЩ
֮˼ۣղ֪Ӿ˹Լͬһ㣬˿̼ӣȴﻹ̵ס׹Ϣ˵嵽׹ǰӣҡ
һδϣͻأһС
֮㶶ָǰϵˣӣ㡭
һԣæչզˣеôһһէġ
ͬҲǷһļУòƱ֮㻹Ҫ񼸷֡
ΪŮǰģſݲ˧ݣһʵԴ
һЩϸ΢֮ǿֱܷóǰ֮ǰ׹ӣĵطǰҲˡ
ֺֺڣʲôɫУûкɫ
⡭⻹Ӣ˫Ĺү
ӣ㡭ôˣʲô飿ѵǷˣŮæʵһ۵ۿת
ȿȡ׹ӸоԼЩΣűӣɵģһ⡭ˣһ⡭
Ƿˣ˭ɵģվüȥǴĹ
ҲһȥҲŭ졣
ôԽǹүӣ̫޼ɵ˰ɡ
̫ˣ


418 ΰ׹
Ůߣŭֱ졣
ӾŮоԼƴҲҪһ
ֻҪǷ˾ͺã
ȻܹѹӴӵ˿϶һλΪ춯صĳ֣ңԲλˣпλ棬пܱǹӵǼλֳ֮
ô
ǽ⣬ҲҪҲҪģ½֮Ǵ򲻹ҪƴҲҪ
ߣ
ȥǱż׹Ӽæ裬ɿҲ˵ôǸ⣬Ǹˣ˵ˣҶûзϡˣѶ֮˰УȻҹҵġ
׹̬ȼŮֻûתȻƶ³ҵǾӵİɡ
ӡóҩ࣬׹ϸµĨϣ۵һµ
һߣҲžžવĵᡣ
½ǧŮǿ˿̾һСŮģϧ
˭˭ôĺȺҲµȥ֡ʵʵôģλһλˣѵǼλ֪˹ӵ䡭
׹ֵ죬Ҫ˵һȴָоò޻˵ֱֻ졣
զ˵أ
һֱ˵˵˵½һϸˣảһ٣ͷУ
׹̾˿ҷſģͶֻƤˡŵģû£಻죬ƾͻָˣǽŸʲôǻ֪ҵĻָʡ
϶۰ʹĸɱĸɵģѹӴģûˡ
׹̾˿ѾͷһҰ֪͵ˣ˵ô
ΪɵѾͷôҲҪԺܻʱԼЩӦͻָӰˡ
뵽ѾͷȻôͻˣץסԼǱʱ
׹ӾԼˣƼˣμˣɶˣ
ôô죿׹üЩ
һЩǲͿ˲ÿˣҲͲöˡ
ɵѾͷӣԻָһ㣬ȲҸϻ˵ǻصһˡʼ
һ죬ЩôԹأ˵ˣҪǲ֪ӱ˸۸ˡ
˸۸ˡ
׹һ鴤
仰ôô˳
Ұ׳µأ˭۸ң۸ң
׹ϵ˴ϸĨһҩŵӣ͸ǰѣ⵽˭ɵģҲ֪£ȻȥԺˣҲ
仰Գԣ
׹ȴڳš˵ǲ˵أ
Ǹ⣡
ѵһλˣЩ㷲ʵ
ѾͷȻԽԽšˡ
ȿȡ׹Ӹɿ֮˵ȣǸ˭Ǹ˭
֮
˭Ůͬʱͬ׷ʡֻƯĴ۾ġ
ȿȡȿȿȿȡ׹ӷһţǳԸ˵ǡĸ鱦ġ֮裬ȿȣɵġ
Ůס
ͬʱһͷأǹ˵أ
ôܣ
ûܰɣ
϶ûܣ
ã֮Сʵӣ˵˵ôصˣǳʳǡǸ鱦Ǹ֮裿
׹һͷߣʲôС˵ôءˣ⻰ôôأ˵þͲغòãޣǲԣô
ɧ֮࣬ȴǵͷϿɡ
Ů㿴ңҿ㣬ͷŻһҲƵĸо
֮衭ȻҽŪôˣ
⡭
׹Ӿ״̾ԾǶ㲻ˣѾͷʵ̫ˣɴͲӣԺ󡭡Ǹ֮ţ˵ΪȣǾȹ۲״Ȼòһ衭졭
׹ӼѵĽţ˵š
˵һ϶жټҵʱҲ˵䲻ʱ˵ĻԣһԲϡⷢӡ
׹һ˵һԽԽǾ÷˼ԽԽǾһҲˣһǿҵҪЦĸоȻ
ԭôһ°
ŮԼҹӿν˽ֻ׹˵˸ͷҲͲ඼ˡ
ǹһ߸ϵĸ̬̼λڳǳǵĻңֶΪӶ𣻶ЩңֱλɽˮͶ·
£ӻҪڳһٸ߸ϵװ̬̼˼ңǲĹ£
ƾû⵵£ǻҲҪҸɽһ١


419 
һǷ֮裬Ůʱͷˡ
Ǽһþ˳̵Ҳܸһʵ˺һ١ǾʹһٰɣƤ಻ÿ֮⣬Ĳ۲
ͦλĵΣν죬ҲͲǰɡѾ磬Цû֦Ҳ
仰˵ġ
ͷͬУǹүж೤ʱûаˣûǧˣ
ü˼죬˼㣬϶ֻ಻پˡ
׹һƬղֵģ˳һЩô¾Ȼһת䣬Ȼֻˣʲô
ŮԼǰתתȥߴߴ˵ǺǵЦ׹εı۾ˣˣɶˡ
ʲôʱ򡭡ԼӴ˾ȻѾͷЦĶˣ
ָоҲġͦأ
ˣǲôһֱ߸ϵģżܣżЩЦ
ƺҲһõĵڷʽءֻҪԼǰ
׹š

ǡɱʱǴ󺺻ˡ
ӣλȻɹͻΧȥˡ󺺹
׹۾ţĵŶȥôǻزȥǲʧˣΣ֮ʱô
ûˣûˣǺܹģǴ󺺹
״죿ô취׹Ӷ˵ʱȤ
ǷЩ۹ӵģȻһÿ˵ʵǷսΪɹۣ֧սϳսȴνҵľãȻĸУ֧սȴǲġλ󺺶˶ٲֵƲ⣬λȻûа֣Ҳһٶ˵֮ɱһѪ·ȫˡҲܵˣա
׹ӿüëЩ״ѰҵûоˡŶղᵽǷ֮ڴ۾а֣˵Ĺ״
ǡüͷȴ˼ǣβŵʱǷ˼ֱ˿һͷˮΪ֣ǵµɱ֣ųɱƽ졭
ƽ죿Ԯ֮裬ȷʵúܡţ԰ɣյϣƽĿǰܹ۹۹ͬ·ˣƽı۹ͳ켾չôѵ鱨Ȼ󡭡һԵ֮ڵ
鱨ƽ죬ԭίʵ۹ǱߵģȻҪ˵Ĺ֮£۹һƾܴ֮࣬ƽ֣Ȼƽ콫ֶδֵһ˲λֻ˵һ仰ƽ켴ʱıתΪȫ֮裡
ǴһԻ󣺡µ̣¾Ŀãʵ̫Ҳ˼¿Ա֤λƽڴ֮ǰ϶زʶ˾޿ԤıѾõжΪʲôֻһ仰ܹƽ쵹꣬ȴ˵ʲô벻ףֻܹڡ졯֡
λ˵۹ӡ߸ֵʱͷ׷üͷһ
Ϊ˱ģֻΪ۹ӵλͳ죡
չ
ǸˣȻû棬һ˶ġ
ֻǴʵ̫ϡ棬ŮȤһʱ䵹˲϶ˣ֮⸹С
ƽԭ۹һߣȴһ仰͸õ
˵ֳԾõɱ֣Իѽ
׹ɫΡȻλʱ˵Ǿ仰ʲôݣʱľôģŶжţϸϸ˵Ҫа©
Ȼ׹Ӷ£ҲǺܸȤġ
ʱġǴŬĻʼĩҶЦȥԼݺʼ¼޾ϸһһ
Խȥ׹ӺԽǸоǸɱƽֻҪӳ;ԲͻȻ꣡
һɱ֮࣬ǸƽӧսսǰϦ˵˼仰ȴҲк״ȻλͻȻ˵һ仰Ǵһֵ˵˵ûа֣ôλᡢüһɰȴ˭
˶٣˵ľ仰ûͷûԵĹ
׹üͷ
ü΢ʱƽߣһλô
һλҲ̸϶ôˣ¿ûУڳȫеģĶûУӾûκһλڣǷ֮˵ľһûͷûԵĹɾôһʹƽ쵹ꡣǴ󺺿϶˵


420 ýۣ֮
ͬʱֹһ⻹ͦŹֵġ
仰֮ƽͻȻˣ׹ʵʱıǸʲôӣ廹˵ʲôϸһ˵һ㶼Ҫ©
Ǵ󺺵ͷ˼Σһһϸ˵Խ˵׹ӵ۾Խ
üͷ˼ʱϵˣȴҲۿɼٶʧ
εػָԭİɫӢ˧֣ͷ
ڣ׹۾һ૵˵λ֮Ҿ졭Ȼ߱ýۣ֮ȵͼλ棬Ȼܹӵ
ͬʱתͷýۣ֮ôᡭ
׹ͷôᣡ֮⣬ҲûбĺˣѵΪɱƽһ仰ͱסߴ򶯵ô
˵Ȼڵͼλ߱ý֮۵֮ˣ꺢ͯңЩͯΪܼ붼Ҷųý֮۵ʧλҲСˣôᱣţ
׹ӵܹţȻܹİ취ý֮۵ķȻҪڼ߼λżΪϡǷ֮ǻԵɺ֮µõĳ෨ŵķɾͣǾܹ͵ͨν״ˣ
ȷʵˣý֮гɣɼܹͨ磬ϡ桭˵һп֮˵޻̸֮ΨеΪ˲ŻףνֻأʵڣȻĴڣô꣬ȻҲǴڵġ
ͷ˵˿λֻ¾ƽĵźˣҲ޿ĸԭ֮ڡ֮裬һ㡣ƽȫ꣡
ҿ˵źڣĪ˵ƽһˣںˣӣȥƽȫҳϸһջ񡣡
׹ӵ˵ʵٲ飬Ȼ޲ƽоųϵĻᣬΪ֮Σãƽһ˽⣬ԺӦܸס
ȥˡ
ӼȻƶƽΪ֮߱ٳһܹǣƽˣʹʧ⡣
׹ӵĵͷϿƶ֮˵

ҶЦƽ˫ͷֻ߳ȥ߰·̣ȻȺ߰˲Ҫժȡͷȥ͵ˣֻǸ÷Գ֣˼ʱҶЦҪ֮ȫƽɱ䣬ֱɱѪͷҷɡ
ȥȻǰ취Ϊ뷨ˣڳǳ֮ʵ̫ˡ
ңֻԽԽࡣ
ƽɱԾֻˣʱһ֮ôܿԴԴȫֹϢ
ҶЦɴ
ǵʵǺЩ죬Ǻɵɶġ
ֺɶʾˣûǰ鷳ˡΪû˻뵽񾭷漲ˣȻ鱦ķ
ǸͷΪˡ
ܵҶЦƽҲѧĴ
˿̻ѪۣͬһѪˣҪģ޿µͷʵ̫ˣ϶ᱻϳ˵ġ
ƽգƽĳأҲʲôƽɱǻĲͷˣ
˿ȴǲ֮ͬǰһɱ¾γϢǣֻҪҵƽ죬͵ҵ˷ϢֻҪ˾һ֪
Ȼ죬Ȼеɶûϵó
ҶЦѾʾǰƽҲ͸հˣ
Ǻˣôڹ컯֮£ҹרõҡУǳЦĿУһ·߹
һֱȴһƫƧСƹ֮Уڽһ·Ŀ⻤֮á
˷⽫ƥ͸·ߵһƶ˼ң߽ǼСƹݡ
ҶЦҪһż䣬ƽ˽ȥ漴ӿռó·ϣȻ˲ͣԴż䴩գ۱ʧ
ڱ˶СƹݲԶһСƹݣҶЦܴ˦һǧƱСƹݰһ졣
ԶԶԷȾƵʱ䣬ƹһҲûС
Сƹݣֻ°ӪҵҲδǧӣҶЦôһ󷢺ƵƹһЦһջ˵ŴȣԼҲ֪֪Ȥض˳ȥ
Ű壬λү˵¡
˶ǰżСˣм̳ߣֿɼ


421 
ҲȾơƽ˵
ҺȰҶЦ˵Ե뵱оף˵ˣȾƱĹ£ܸоǷȱһЩʲôȻ
ƽԾһһʱȻβŵ⻰ҲҲȱǡ
±һ̳ƣͷཹཡȻգۼǰ̳ȥˡ
ҶЦüҿҲвȾƣҲвȾƣûмȾƵˡ
һ֮ƽ¾̳ӣ۾ĿҶЦ㣬ܿҵ
ҶЦٶʩչۣ߿ȥ
ֻǸһϢŮԾһŻ֮УҲںЩζĿԼ
Ҳ֪ǲȷʵһüпɰŮھߡҶЦ϶ĵͷ
ƽ΢Цô㾹һֱôҾʼȻ֪Ҳ
֮еŮ֮£̾Ϣӯӯע
ҶЦ֣⵽ôһ£֪ʼĩܸ֮㡭ǸԮ
ƽȻܼץֺ̳ڣ£㲻ʣҲ˵㡭ίʵҵƽ¡һʱ䣬֪ôӺ˵𡭡
̾һһƺһ˲䣬ѾصǾԶĹػǿ̹ĵ֮С

ҵδޡƽ쳤һĿ쳣
ʱһֻ֪д֣һ죬ҼڴһŮӣС÷Ҵ˼ͶϣΪǶ˻¡
ʮʱʮ꣬Ѿʼ׼׵¡ƽɬЦţ۵һƬʹ᣺ũ庢ӣûôིСʱ򣬾һˣʮ꣬Ҷˣżһ£漴һˣȫ޽١ûﲻס
һֱܺãһڼҲѾ˼¡
ͻȻһʱ䣬ȥڴСӱߡҺ˽ԼĵطǶܿˣﵥ棬Ƕʱ䣬ҽȥʮ죬ûȥûз顭
ΪǱ˴˻ڽŮ֣ʱرܼ棬ӣֹ˼죬Ҳ̲סҪһĿƤȥŴϾҪˣҼ͵͵һҲá
ƽȻ̾ϢһĿĿǰ
β
ҶЦߴ٣¶ǣȴ̾Ϣ£µתۣһεļ˰ɣ
̧ͷŻ֮еŮŮ۰Թעƽ죬Ŀһ˲˲
졭ԸЦݣ޵ظһĹһ̬ܣǸҲһҲǻ䡭ҵʱɫ˲ʱˡ
Ӧܹҵʱĸоɣҡƽʹĵͷʱҷŭ״ǰʣ˭ʲôϵ
ʱĮң˵һֱֻǰҵ磬ûСûаҵɣңҡƽ˵ʱ˵һ𣬺ްȫУֱˣ֪ϲ֮Ǹʲôӵģҡֻ֮еһͣһԵ޷ֵˣ
ϲǿߣǸӢۡ˵֮УֻʲôãһѵҪ鱾˼Ҵô岻ڵĶˣֻߣ
ǿ˵ŮҪľǰȫУߵǸӵԪ۷ʵȴֻǸûǮһûʵСӣΪĲɣҲֻһŶǡ
֮ܶĲ䲻ͣǰ;ȫδ
˵磬ҲΪ㣻һλ޸֣ô޸㵹Ҳνǡ㲻ǡ
˵Ȼ㲻Ǹ֣ǮҲУǮͨûǮǰ;ҲУǰ;δӺǰ;ȫûУʵҲУȴʲôûУô㣿Ҹô㣬ȥôҲˮο飡
ƽ˵λʱЩԳЩˣΨûеģֱ˿ķŭ
ҶЦ״ȴû죬˵״ۣûĳβǹأ
ʱҾ;ˣұĵҪǸô֣ô
ƽɬЦţ˵ߵǸ˻ճɽ󣬾ǳ׵ӡ˵磬ܹҾͻǼ޸㡣


422 ֮
Ȼ˵ϣһǰյӣȻңǾȥʦѧգһζֻ֪飬˵úЩΪ˽ҫ棬˵ЩǺԿ࣬Ҳ޸ҷϵġ
ҶЦ̲ס̾˿
Ȼ֪п϶Σ⻰̫ˣֻҪǸˣλ޶ԵģǾ͵ûаѪ
ʱҷŭˣҴ󺰴У˵ţȥϰһҪеĴܣҸ㣬ʱҲȢ㣡飬ġ
ƽɬ״ЦţٶȰ̳ӣһ࣬һ̳ӾֱӼס
ҶЦһ̣þǾ̳ӼˣȻУƻܶȥôĽвȾƣһ㲻ȾƣȾƾͲһ㰡
գҴо춼ǺڵġһҵĻˣǷˡƽϣʹࣺããȻһ·񱼻ؼңĸ˵ҪȥѧҸĸֻ̾ϢһҲûҡɵɵ
ƽ쳤̾ϢšޱȰûڵı飬ҶЦҲо
ʱҾ͸ûһֱһôͻȻ㷭飿ĸһֱ缺ζͻȻĮҸĸ֧Ҷ飬Ϊ·ȴȫֹ֧ȥ书
ʱңµһɵưƽûڲԼͷʱΪʲôϸһ룬ôͺƷħһ㣬ʲôˣʱˣĵˣַֺܿ
ڶ죬ҵʰңǰȥʦѧϰʱѡʺõΪŵӡ
ȥ֮ڱʲûʲôͱѡУϣҸھΪҼСңҲˡмɢƱ˵Ǹ·ϻáҵʱŭģûǣȻȻĹεĴ󺰴УƱȫ˳ȥ˼Ҹ˳ȥҴ˵书ҲȢҹŮ㻹ʲôҹ
ʱ˳ȥһ̡ÿÿҹλأ˼߳ȥıӰҶҪޣҪݺݽԼԼͷôܣô˼˵ҾǸͨµﻹġ
ҵʱӳȥʮƱǼȫĻһμĿȻǰȴʼղҡ
Դţһ緢һ֪ΪȷʵΪǹûûҹƴ֮ܿӱΪ֮ͬеٮٮߣֻһʱ䣬嵽ԪƷڶ꣬ԪƷԼҹĳǹɺʱ֧ңûʲôҲܳԵģֻһҪǿҪΪǿߡ
꣬бʣʱΪùڲظʱͷԻнȴۿۣһںɽһѣˤ¡ø£һңʵѾˡ

ҶЦжȻһʶĿЦһ¡
ȻɺӹѪľڣƽϣ²ֹõ˾
ǷһַǳҺĹʵֻھ֮أΪɫ߳ȥƾһΪһһҹ֮Ϊһ֣˵һҲΪ
˵Ǽϡ䣻󣬷оԵ߲ɵ֮
ƽ쾹ȻܹĻԵһڲòʵĵ֮֮
˾̾Ī
ȻһöȻٶЧȴȫͬ
ΪǸ˳Եģ֮ӹȴǳԲõģΪڴ˵֮УǸ׼ľƷ˵Ƿʵö֪ȴίʵԲõģΪжаԵ˷֮⣬ȫʱ
ƽǵԵҲʵڲġ
ʱûʶֱ֮ͬϵĹʵܳԣк
ȳȴλ᲻ͬĺڹܹ뵽ͬʵһһһһ֮
ʱʧ£Էֱȴû뵽ûˤҲأֻСѾʣ޷о֮·֮;㱻֮󣬶òУͷۻȴŵ˱ǣѰȥһöͨĹӣ붼û룬ժͳˡ


423 Ѹ
ǻʵ̫ˣƾ֪жֻҲҪȳ˵ܱȶǹ֮Ƭ̼ƾҲ˲ˣŷֻһöӳһߣֻöȴǺɫġ
ʱȬΪ¶ϣժ˹ӣعɣҵʦ˵£ȻʦңǴ˵еҳȴûгʵĪˡ
ڴ˺ĥ֮࣬ҽܾչ鼺УһΪ֮޵УʦгϣҲѾҵĶ֣ʱȻȫ֮ңһΪѾԪƷΣΪһ֮С
Ҳ̲סɽʱȴꡭҪȥȥ˵ѾǸ֣ңѾִ˵֮еĴˡʱֻ룬ҪȻҳɹˣѾԸ㰲ȫˣԸδҾȢ㣡Ϊ㲻䣡ǳŮˡ
Ȼһȥһ졭ƽסмҪᡣ
صʱ򡭡Ҹ׸ңˡǰһһ죬ͷߡ
ƽĬͷ
ֻážડһ죬һξӨᣬǰľ̳
׸˵飬Ҳ֪࣬ô¡ԭڻ֮ǰⷢԼһֲֹǵͷǻҽϣȻǼ˺ľֲ֢ע޾ȣֻһһۿԼ彥ή˺ǡʹ
֪Լֲ֮󣬾Ǹӣ뿪ҿʹģ֪֪ˣζߡһȢȴԸˣ䵢һɱһ
ֻҪڼܹһʱǻ֪ġ
Զ磬һϷҸϳ˼ţԶԶ뿪ȥϰ֮ڣΪ֪ˡңֻҪû˸ңһỳų޻ȥһܱǣһĺá
ֻû뵽Ҿ˰֪꣬ȫ࡭
ΪֻҪʱˣȻ֪࣬ҲɵѾͷұʱܹȢƯֵĹӡҵ
ƽ
Ҹ˵ʱѾǿɶĹֲĥòΣȥʱķѲʮءʱ˵һ仰ǡ
ƽţ˵˵ҵˡҺĺֻǣǿɣǧҪ
һֱûǣԸġһӺ
ܹȥ죬ٻܼһ桭ǣֻôȥܿģȴֻһgٻڣ
ҷһܳȥܵϣȥҪȥҪȥȢΪޣҲʲôӣҶҪšһ죡ֻһ죡
ҵģֻһССķͷһݣҾô죡ȴֻһѻҵҵôܾ˿࣬棬桭ǰûмһ棬ȴһ֪࣬ѹԸԶ֪࣬ݳء
ȫܹоҵ꣬ôġεңεҪңҪҰοҡȴֻǱŶ޳ޣһҲûлؼÿÿ뵽ʱҲֻ޾ԹޡʱǶô¶ôܡ
˰ʵĻ쵰ȴõİҲ䣬Ҳ䰡ƽứ£ɫľȻһıʹ
Ψĵ˼˾ͷŻľȻ
Ϊ飡
ҶЦ̾ϢһоԼͷҲЩɬ
鶯ģȻЦĳȣʱ˿̾Ҳ̲סˣ
̧ͷŶƬ֮УλŮƽ졣飬רעƺǧﾡ޴ۣоֻƽ죬Ψƽ졭
֣ҪƽᣬԹƽȴû˿оʹظƽͷƽԾȫûаӦ
֮ˣң㣬ȴǵԽӴ
ӵǵ֮
ʲôͽ͡
أҶЦʵ


424 ң
ƽЦţҷһؾķĹҪٿһٻӰǿģֻݵֻһѹͷҵôţûаϢһѪ˳ʡ
ǷĹţôҵζһֱĸҸĸ˫Ͼҳ
ҳˣȻĲҲܳѾȥˣĸĸҵĸĸڣҲܿٴһΣұóȥǡֻҲ֪֮⣬һһʲôҽķ˵ǶǸ׼
ҽʬ֮ϣǹӾʧźУһ˲Ϊǲ쿪ۣʼұΣҳʮΪõ߿ǰԵǣʵ飬û֮󣬱κα仯ΪʲôΪʲôҵʹȴûˣΪʲôΪʲôүΪʲôٿأ
ƽͻȻһѾסҶЦ죬۾žʣΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô֪ôΪʲô
ҶЦƽ죬ߵĻеŮ̾˿֣ʵ㲻֪һöѾЧˣȻûȴһַʽߣֻԼ֪ˣ
һ̣ҶЦȫˣΪʲôƽϻȹ״
һ֮ɢһֱ磬ٶֻء
Ϊʲôƽ˼˼λŮ꾹ȻûɢңһֵĻƽߣ쳣ʵ
ȻڴգҲܾôƽߡ벻
ԭؾ
ƽ콫ķĹ
ʱոȥûйͷߣһڼɢȴδɢʱγڵ״̬֮꣬ڼɢʱ̣һΪʱ̣һʱת䣬ȴǽȫ˵
˷µöһɣһԡ
£ôڤڤ֮Ѿעƽ죬ȴ
Ȼٲ꣬һ˼ݺᣬһʼڰ顭
ʵĸ֣
´ǧȻ治У컯棬ǰԣ
ѾЧˣʲô˼˵ѳߣôܣ㵽ں˵ʲôߣôû˵ĵʲô˼ƽ켱ٵʵ
㣬һ߳ɽӴһ߳ȴ֪˾ǰ䱯鵱ߣ֪ΪܹλأҶЦԴΪ㣬㵱ĺϣУȻûʹȴʹõԣǵûгɢתֻأһʽҳߡ
ԣҲܿ
֮УλŮͷ
˵ģľߣһֱңƽ쾪ϲĿҶЦô˵ĿԿ˵˵ڡʲôӣ
ҶЦ˿еŮŮЩɬĵ˵ͷ漴ȴ¸ҵĽͷ̧ҶЦĿ⡣ȻϣҶЦĿڣҪԼ֪Լڣʲôӡ
ڣһϮذɫ·ݣͷ˫Ѿ٣ֻǣұߵ΢еᣬЩεĸоȻСұȴҼˡ
ҶЦ
˵ͱƽϣ˷֮˵ԣԣԶԶԣҵСʱ򣬸ҳȥ棬СĵˣͷԲλһ˰̣֮ͷƫһ£ס˰̡㡭
ƽͻȻվߵҶЦǰͨһȥңһа취ҪҵҼһ棬һͳɣ㣬㣡
һɱ𣬴˿̾Ȼû˿ԥģееҫ΢Ĺ˱ǰ
Ϊ˼Լİһ档
˶ѣ
֮УŮ˿Ȼ޵û֦ҲĿţʹעΪԼµˣأҲݵȥ
֪ҶЦܿü
޷ҶЦַֻͨʽҶЦ
ҶЦæƽʲôȲ˵ոհҵĴæֻΪԵֻҪܰ쵽һᾡЩ˵


425 취
ƽ첢ûΪҶЦĲԾȵعţ˿Ҫ˵ʲôֻ֮ͣҪҺһ棬ƽӽ쿪ʼģ
ҶЦһü룬ҲǸ˵ģܿ󲿷Ԫ֮ܣǹһʱȴ޷ҲһǣвļãҲ֪жѣ編򣬷ᶯģҼȻܹü˵²ûתأֻҪҶԷн֮ʱžֻһʱ⡭
̯̯֣һҪھͼûа취һ롭ʵһ㣬״̬һ£ɢδٶȾ׵ϣȻڻûкð취ֻҪҶԷ򣬱гµĿܣҲĳЩعվ˼ء
˵ҶЦͣס졣
ƽе˳ҶЦû˵Ļû֮⣬ԴģԴĵףͺת
ƽͻȻһͷͿ˵ϡ
ˣ
ƽһ¿ûκ壬һͷȥʱѪ죡

ƽڵϣͷŵأ
ˣ½ɱֵĴ˵ɱ֣˿̣Ҳûκι˼ɡǱڸӱ΢һ򱶣ֻҪҿҵֻܿһۣҲĸԸ
Ϊټһ棬ҿԸҵеһУ
ҵ
ҶЦüЩò⡣
ôôأҵĻ˵أôأ˻
ֳƽ죬òãʱЩ飬һһϾܳµģˣµķʽ˵㲻νҲءôģˣ㿴ôģ
ҶЦȻûˣֻҪи׳нйƣ
ƽ컷ĿĹˣãȻ˵
еŮӯӯоʹ
ǧȫǷޣһаˣƽֿһͷվҶЦ
ҶЦ̾ϢһҲɣҼȻӦˣһᾡȫʱ취ʼǹغ֮£ǵϦɽ⡭
еŮҲӯӯվĿζҶЦ
ƽҶЦ棬ҶЦĿȴмȵС
֮ŮҲеĿҶЦΪ˶֪һΣ¾Ψһϣ
ҶЦ˼Σȴò⡣
ã̾һ֣֪鼱ȣȻչ編˵ûа취ȻδأתɣȻȷа취ǹȴǼգɹϣ΢΢ã
ƽһ𣺡а취
ʲôãʲôգ΢΢ʲôģƽȫû
ֻ֣а취
ֻҪа취ͺã
ҶЦ̾˿ҪֵԸ취ֻ˵;
˵꣬һĬȷʵ취ʵ飬취κһ죬мΣ
ƽԸǼγ֪¼ѣǰķ֮裬һĴڣܿĴڣһָһϣѾ֮ϲ˿̾ţԼԸβϲ
һѾǾϲο
һ취ΪףҲͣǡַɢԪ꣬ȻԵƻ鵤ſţԪ飬Ȼתһֻ֮󣬾ͿֻȻԭ꣬ȴȻԭģʲôӣΪ⣬Ԥ֪
˷ȻףȴҪһǰᣬǡҪһλӵеԪƷϲεľ֣ͨٽϾſŵƻ鵤ǿдֱֻͨͨת˼ŵı˶ˣ
ʹ˷ѴһǵƼ鵤ұܰ쵽ѽһԪִ£˵ȸں½ûСҪȥߵλ棬ҵĿܣȴǡһʹְ취ﱾķչȻήͣλĵԪ֣ȴΪǴ׷һΪ»˶ɥʧ룬ɣźٻеԪֿ
ңһʧܣǲ棬λԪ֣Ҳؽɢ
ҶЦ˵
ƽԾһҧȴԳĬһ£ŵʷνԪ֣Ԫ֮ϣһƷô


426 
ҶЦһ㶣βŻعƽȻں½ɱ𣬾ǿߣȴòƻӴߵĸ߲Ρ
ԪƷʦɣѾԪ۷壿ҶЦʵ
ǡƽͷ
Ԫ֮ϣԪԪҲΪƷԪ֮ϵģԪԪͬΪƷԪ֮ϣǵԪԪҲǷƷһƷһ죡
ҶЦǺ½ν֮ҲǱԪһԪѣȻ½ҲԪǿ֣߳Ǻ֮ˣǸλ֮ˣżȻ½ѣǵʵʵѾ½ܳصļޣʵҲνͻԪޣɽλ࡭
ƽɫʱˡ
ɷסҰף
һƬ
ԼԪƷ֪˶Ŭٿټ棬ȻԪԪҲǾƷ֪ԪľƷҪҪԪѰٱǧ򱶡Ԫ֮ϻԪƷѶȣƱظνԪ
ֱӾƽ붼ĸ߶ȡ
ǵԪ绹УҪеԪƷϵĸ֣нµĿܣĸ֣һǧꣿǰ㾳磡
ǿڣôΪԼİ˻飿˵֮ҪǴ׷һΪȻҪһ룡
κθ֣޷ܣӲԸܵġοʧܻҪܷɣɢ
취ȻڣǶ׵ķʽȴڿԣ޵ĵͬûܣ
ƽĵͷĬΣþòͻصʵôڶ취أ
ҶЦ˵ڶְ취ΪΪΣʹ״̬תΪʵʣǴ˷ܳɣȻԾûȴΪһ̶ȵĽӴҲУҴ˷һôｫӴתΪޣΪгɣֳҲ£
ƽһйȻΪҶЦ˵ȴһԤС
ڶ취ô֮࣬±ȵһ취Ҫʵ֡
ҶЦֻ˵ֻǹеʦԸⳢƵĵҩĲһΣҪȴλĵʦһƳɹٷ֮һҪǴݵ鵤Ǵǹ£
ƽɫԽѿдмңβǴĿ£һ;Ϊɵľ췣Ǵͷ죬߶ȹǰλ׼½һ׶εıؾ̣췣ЩڣǴȴֲͬǰߣȻĳΥת¹ʶֵɣ
׹ӱǺεʵЦӶĳ߶ȣһǴΪڡ޸֮Ӳм
¹ͷ֮УС׹췣ѵǴ޴桱֮˵Ȼν׹Ҳֻ׹Ǵ֮޴棬ȴȷʵ޴棬بԽǴ֮±
ƽ㣬Ȼ֪ҶЦǵʦһʱȴŲڰҶЦæ
ҶЦòƺεĵ֣СܵҲаλĴ㣬ء󣬵ΪѵȴƹҪõľҩӣһҩľĻȪˮƹ̹ҹȺξĻȪˮڶҩӣ˰ĻöĵǰľĲꣻģκϣκһ飻壬̨ϺڻǣظۺɫҶ
ֻ˵ǰ֣ƽҡҡ׹ɫɷףްѪɫ
ͦҧأأ
е֣Ͳ緶룬ְ֥ͨݣʬѪΣԼһŲǧľżѪڵ
ҶЦЦһǰֶȫڵظֻеҩ֥ͨݣڣʬѪΣǾҩҵģڶࡢ֮ʢڣһǸǧľżѪڵֻȥ򣬾ҵܹǧڵʵ쳣ǿҪɱȡڵôҪӵеԪϵʵ
˵ְ취еŮƽͬʱȻɫȻ
ְ취˿Ǳȵ컹ѣûгɹĿܣ
ҶЦһְ취ѧҪĵƻ鵤ҾаƣϣѰұǣѼȫԪֹȻѰֻҪǿϳ޴ĴۣټײʲôҲδûлᡭֻߣŬһЩʱգԪƷֻءϼѣǵһ취ĽֻҪǿ¹Żʵֵһգ


427 һһ
ڵڶ취ǲһ㣬ֻҪŬδûѼȫʱƷ棬λصģҼȻӦ֣һᾡȫǴʲôģνģĲϣȻѰȴҲ̫
ҶЦǧ޵ѪڵұаܹõΪοһĿǰҲֻܶڵŵǰ֣ȴûеġȴһеǺ½֮ϵλ棬һ򣬶֮Уһÿһ꣬ῪһΣʱ򣬵ظ˻˵ͥҲ˵ʱ򣬴ҶھۼͨޣԼеĲϣ˻ȡԼҪĲϡ
ЩŶԴ㵽Щ϶˼䣬ȻѰ٣ڵظ֮ͥˣȴδضϡ
ҶЦ˵㣬ְ취Ҫɣס
ƽ쳤̾һɬ˵ղ֪ع޾ƽһֱΪԼΪǿۿĺĿˣȴ֪ԼһͷβЦ찡
Һʱۡ
ƽȻ̾Ϣ
еŮճյȻ
ĿǰʵΣҲһ֮ң֮ʣڵ֮֮࣬ڣϣܹԪΣ
ҶЦ˵½˵£Ȼһ㣬򣬾ͻ֪£ȻѣδɣֻҪܹɱ޵ĽУһȥȥôһ죬ţ֮ģһ첻̫Զ
ƽ쾫һһһֵ˵ԣȻѣΪҲҪ
ҶЦĵҲһЩתأֻ˵һ֤
תʲô֤ƽʵ
һǣ㵱ȻԵɺźںϣȻʤȴҲֻάϵǵ˻ûȥתͶ̥ͻΪܺľµԪɢ֮䣬𡭡
ҶЦ˵ֻƽɫ㶼䣬ɿЦһһû˵ǲ˾ţҼȻ˵תأȻͲǻСģֻǣзֻܲҪһʱ䣬һ¯鵤Ļǲɢ
ʱһö鵤Աʮ갲ȣ˷Ҳȫ鵤ЧʱƣЧԼһҪʹöάϵԭЧһΣҪöμ
ҶЦЧ⵹Ǵ⣻½ֲǣǶһЩ鵤һЩϣ鱦ԣ⣡
ƽɫһٱ䣬βŵ⣬ĳлģΪټһ棬ǧգ裬ĳ൱ηǰУȻҲгһǧꡭ
ҶЦЦˣδ׼õˣˣֹˡ
ƽһ㶣Ժ⣬ѵʲôĳˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷŵҵ˼˵ԼԸ޶̫ˣ㶼ûҸղ˵ӣܳɣԳأһô˵ֻǼһ棬αҪô۵ֶΣ
ƽ嶸Ȼһ𣬲ѵطҼ
ҶЦͷǺЦֻǵʲôΪѣֻȫʱ˺ͣɳ£ÿһʮҹ֮ʱѰһʢļ֮أֻҪȻһöƵ굤ˣһʱ
ˣǾͿ㿴Լ֮ˡ˷Ҳмɻ䣬һҪмǣܸ̫ʼǻ֮ʢ֮ˣһ飬ͼпϵڹ̵ʱγ󳱣Юһȥǿɾ⣡
ˣʮ֮㵱ɼһ棿ƽأԲҶЦ֮ԣأ׷ʣ
ֺֹһ棬ÿһ궼ã֮ÿһ궼ܹһΣһʱҶЦǺЦ
ÿ궼ܹһΣÿһʱ˵ģƽ٣ͫ׶طŴȻǱҶЦĺϢ̼òᡣ
񲻾˵ҲõȵԪͿԼҡƽͨ죬ֽŶû˷ŴȻٵľϲȫʧȥ侲
֮УҲеҶЦ
֪֮ȻԶԶƽ죬ҶЦ˵ӵĿԣ˿ţлᣬϲֻиƽ졣


428 Цʲô
ȻġҶЦ΢Цˣ³ˣ죬ʮˡһһ죬ܵһö굤һ棬һԳ
ϣʧ֮ľ޴ϲһӳƽأվţ۾ҶЦȻǰһеȷֻоԼһҪըһ㡣
ţеľϲĻۣȻӿˮλǿĺӣһɱ𣬾ȻͻȻ֮䣬ͺһѿ
Ƭ֮ɴſھϣͻأط
˼Σĵȴ
ڽգϣ
һǰеߣһֱųĸûз¹ٿۣҲûз¹ʼһ·ǰС
Ϊ˵ʬ֮һãϣ޿Ļš
һֱھ֮
ޣ޵øγϡһ߿ޣһ૵ұ룬ڱʦŴ֮Ȥͻ׷ȥȪ·ԶһǰУֻǣÿһʱ䣬ͻÿζңһֱߡ
ʮǰԵżһʿ˵ԭֻҪģ֮ա֪ʿ֮翣ȴһֱãϣҡҡÿÿ־ʱ򣬾һǸʿĻţƭҡء죬ҵȵˡԭֻҪģ
žžડ
ƽᣬһСһεڵϣȻһ̯ˮա
ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ
˭õһɱ𣬾Ȼôȫĺޣһܾίĺһ
ȻҶЦȷʵƽĸܡ
գۿ˵ʬۿ˷Ĺȴ˸һգһε޷ŵ飿
ƽ쾹Ȼˡ
һһֱܴﵽԸ޿Ż˽ʱա
ƽɱ˼̶ȣʿȻܹ£ܹƽţƽԼԸŵĳɷ֣ǸʿԾɲǷ֮
ָ֣ԽǸʿ˭Է˹Ѱ֮ʿɣҶЦʵ
ʵʶ֮Ҳûйκνƽ¶һ˿㯡
𰸣ҶЦΪ㵡
ҶЦΪλʿǸ֪ʿµһʿֱֻϡ޲׼֮ͷ˲òŵģƽ־뵽ƽȻȫʶԷ˶Էϸ
ֻ˵ȻңֻҪģһգԴһ֮ҲûмҲĴ䣬ȴʼûдˣƺʹϳ׵ʧһ㡭ƽ㯵˵֪ô£˵ˣҾˡҲ˵Լƭ˵ģ֪أһֱãƭң߻Ըŵĳɷ֣ģҵֱֱûƭң
£ĺ֣ҵֱҵĸңֻҪģһաƽ˵
ҶЦҲо֣ô£Ĵֱϵ飿

ԼòҲû˵½ʲôֹδĳʿôҲûɡ
˵ǴðģǺ
ҪģĻô׼ô
ʱô˵ģҶЦʵ
ʱλ˵ĻþͲǺܶ˵ڣǸо˵ĻЩҾ
ƽ˵λʱ˵꽭ذ׹ǣģһĪࣻһЦһЦ·һЦǬһЦبţžֻۣЦ
ƽһ˵һ߳˼£뵱֮ʱÿһÿһΣڿƶǲˣǰ˽֮£ǴĪԵҲĳЩ©ȴӰԼ˵δȴûע⣬ҶЦɫѾˡ
ǰľ䡮꽭ذ׹ǣģ˵˵ɱ˶֮£ȻԲνЩУΪɱ֣ȴԭ򣬾ɱ޹֮٣ΪŰ֮£ܹ˵ϡġ֣ΪڴˣղлԵռϣ⣬˵ӦþҺҲ˵ΪˡٽġһЦһЦ·ЩѽˣڷžֻۣЦӵһͷˮҽܲ굽ҺӦһЦЦָʲôˡֻģȴǲö֪ˡ


429 һ¿
ƽüͷ˼ҶЦֵǰ˼⣬һ¿꣬Ưͷڽӣ֮УѵÿһΣʵЦҲϹ
һߵҶЦƱڵͷƣʵȴסԼϵ𺧣
Ц
Ǽ仰ƽ߲ף˼⣬ҶЦԣȴһȫˣ
Ц֡˵ң˵˭
ģ
ҡ
Ц
һĪࣻ˵Щģɵ룬νָ϶Լ
һЦһЦ·һЦǬһЦبţ
⣬Ӳбˣ
ġžֻۣЦ˵ֻҲܹǸžۣ
ԼҲȷҪǷžۣ
ģʵ
Щԣ
Ե죬ˣ
λʲôˣʲô
ȻܹڼʮǰͶƽ˵ⷬĹ¡
˵ģǸʱ㣬ʱɻЦݺЦӢأ
զ£
Ǹʲô״أ
̫ã̫˰ɣ
ѵˣܹڹȥδ׼ȷ˹ȷ˹
һʱ䣬ҶЦе𺧶Ȼʧˣȡ֮ģǱȻ⡣ɲǼľ쬵ġ
ƽüͷɻ˵еԶˣЩδģԺҲᷢΨһ㣬棬ȴû˵飬Ȼоһ˵ȴǾҲŪƲôģ
ҶЦһһʱ
ûΪίʵǲ֪˵źá
˵ɶ
˵ԤȫûȫȷȷΪҵʵݾͲǷ֮裬ҶЦЦҶЦ϶Ԥ֮еǸЦ
ȫˣ׼ȷúţëȻ
⡭˵ô
βǿͷδͲɲ⣬λܹԤ˹ѾܿɹˣСС©⣬رȫԤܰ㲻ԤһӦ飬ӹɣȻ˵ˡžֻۣЦضӦ֮ʱ
ƽһҶԴŲɣӦ֮ʱǿ϶ġ
ҶЦͷ֣֮أ֪ȥ֮ȻʮΪȴҲʳ߸λʢ嶯ŭǱĬ֮£䣬ԭƢº֮ˣҲöŭģơּ죬һߵɱλãǲǡ
ǵǣƽȻ˿ⶣȴſƽһ˵գȴ̾˿Ŀעա
ҶЦܹоƽһ̾Ϣ̺̫̫ѣ̾ϢҲǽסһ̾
ƽ˿Լܹô
һգҽĺ֮ϣ룬ϲǰ£ȴûεҾ̻֮࣬Ȼ뿪ججˣҲ֪ȥ˼꣬һʦƹΪ˽⣬Ȼںϣת˻תʦţѯʦͷ
ǵһصʦŵʱ򣬲ž﷢֣ҵʦţȻ˸ˡʦٶˣһҴ桭ҡҵʱͬ䶥Ī⼸ôجô飬ôȻ֪֪βܹصʦţʦŹͬѪսΪЩһ㣬£Ȼ֪ʦ˲һ֪µҲʦ֪飬ҡһ˽СˡһʦŶİ࣡
ƽЦţʱܳһʱҹλأܼʦʦųͬţǵЦòȻǰ˺һʱ䣬ʸ־ΪʦŸ㼣̤ĺǣˮǧɽ׷ѰϢȻĹУҷһ£ǾǣҪǮģѰϢҪǮάճƣҪǮеһһжҪǮҿʼѡĽһЩͻ졭ҲǴʱʼ̤ɱһС
˺ʮʱ׷鵽ʦŵ֣Ȼһɱѩޣ˵Դûʦż죬οһͬŵ֮飡
ҽһֵԴʦţʦŰϢ֮ȴͷһԸȴһҸȴöû飬ԴǰȻ뿪ǰǰʮʱ⣬ҾʼûлؼңûТҵĸĸĸĸȫûо㣬ӵТ壬ԭֹ˽СģǲТ
үԸֲĻᣬһصʱĸ͸ĸףȻѾȴȫڣ˺Ҳ㽭ϼң˸֮ˣΪλ˼գλ˶ȥˡڼǣ޹ңű˼ҲسΪĵʼ϶ںϵ֮Եûȥͷ


430 ӴҸ
ٽ֮Ȼ֣ڼ̷˵⼸꣬ҵΪû˲һķԾһԾԪƷΣڴ˺£ܹӡ飬ȴǲģҲֻҵǸΡһֱ
ʱ䣬ɬά裬ҪٽӸͻգӣǹӶշת˳ʣȻ󣬾㣬עˡ
ƽЦƽһˣܼ򵥣ܿɣ
ҶЦĬȻ
λɱƽİ뱲ӣǹҵģ÷δ޻񼲶ȥˣʦҲˡȻôһ·ײײ޿߹ˣձɱ
ţԣɱôᡭ
ֵ룬ӦǡȱǮɣ˵ᣬܸķᣬɬһ˵ҶЦʵ
ƽɱۣȫԱ֮Ϊֲһĸֻùһˣػᡭɬ
Ǻǣϵᳬһܲ˼飬Űɣƽݵϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һ˿ƽЦ⡣
ΪģĵЦݡ
һƣҶԼһҪĲȫɢˡƽ쵭ЦţɱеܹǵͷѪ׬Ǯ۳ΣǮǳѪζȻɱȫǶˣҲԾɱԣ׬֮󣬳άƵıҪ֮⣬ľͶɢ˸ƶ˼ҡ
ƽ˶٣ЦЦٷ÷ȴûӳ׵ŮǻһЩԸճá
ƽԼա
Դ֪Լߣƽû£ؿȻʵʲôû
ҲϵһֱȻ֪ƽԼ
ˣ磬Ķӡ
ȻһӶԷȴǲһоڶС
ҶЦһ˵ͷȴû˵
ΪѲ˵κ˶˽ƽ̬
ϾҪƽ죬ҲΪءΪԼʱҲһļˣؿȴ
һ鱯硣
ԣҶЦԸ⣬ԼǰƵı֡
ƽ죬ҶЦǱʶ֮УͺǰԼһ
Ӧ
һǵģҵȫȫԸҶЦ˵
ƽ죬ǻ֮λŮܹظоǰλ仰ֲ֮ɶҡľġ
ͬʱ¶Եĸм֮ɫ
֣һŬɣҶЦ̧ۿƽ죺һ·УΪҪԪǸߵĲΣ
ƽ¶Ҽɫͷ
ҶЦЩ൱ıû˵ƽȴ˼
Ԫû㹻ʵôдȱӯҲ޷㡣ΪѣѣҲҪһ൱
ûһͷϻһֻѵѵģϾ̫СˣСĪ˵ǵϻѣʳʸ񶼲ô
ҪŵԣѣҲһ
ǣһĽ֮ϡ

˵ʵŵҵģĹϣҲ֪ôźáƽһƬࣺپȴ֪ģνжµĻҲ˵ˣûʵ壬ΪԼΪ˵Ϊ˽ΪǵϣӴ˺ƽ죬Ƿһѽ
պ֣ЯֶȹΣƽׯϵ˵ǶȲĳŷһҲһȹˡ֮飬Ͱзˡ
ҶЦԴ˲ûκε֣ڴǫãֻȴǰ֮ġ
ʵϣƽҲֻдߣܽԼۣʱԪ꣬ṩһЩĶ
ҶЦҲȷҪ֣ô飿
ãҶЦһֵֶ֣һܹȥİգֶ˼֡

ȥ鱦һ·ҶЦƽ˿νֱһ·ɱȥġ
鱦ѾԶ˵ʵٵֶΣԼģҪɸİȻȥ治ʲô¡
ȻƽȴҪֱɱȥ
ΪƽڸоԼս޾ӯҪйһ¡Ƿݿϲ飬ҲҪͷһ£ҪȻоԼûš
ɣҶЦЩ
תһ˿һߣһС֮Եֳ֮òֱӴҡڵȥ鱦
֪һ·Ľɱͬͱһ㡣


431 ɱղ񱣿
ƽڴһּȵĿڣսνǿֲģޱʥ˿̵棬Ҳǲֱ棬˱ᡣ
½ƽ˿̵ʵֻ޵ֿԣȻҶ٣ֻ⿪ӡ֮޵ֵķ֮ڣ
һ·ɱȥ߸ͽ¾ûһ֮
ڵ鱦ſʮɵʱһսҲǵǰ͵һδɱƽĽڲظˡ
һսĶ֣ÿһǸ֮еĸ֣ÿһֳֵĶƽȻΪǿнҲֻǷ֮£Ȼǿܼӳ֣伫ޣڶˡ
Χ֮ˣۼǰɱжۣ޲裬Ϊƽս֣ӳɱֵ֮ļʴӣɱ֮Ҳȫûпܵģ
Ȼг۵˲䣬ƽһХϮξǲ˷˻һŻĲӰǰ󲻹˲Ϣ⾰ǰʮϤֻУ
ƽٶ쳤ХХеζǻޱȡ
Ӣ۶Ͻգطʱ
ǵλ˵һ仰
ƽһֱţϦΪڴˣޱϧԼ彣ɱݣǰش˽һѰıֻΪڽغһԤԣһ⣬ԤԳһ̣ƽڴȴֿ־һһ̵ĵ
Ȼ죬ڼϣʱԼĳȻԤԣϵˡ
ģ⣬ֻ߱ԤԳ棬֮ϣһƬ
ƽпνҪ
ڻص鱦
ڴС

ƽҲɫ֣ĵĲ졣
ɱͬʱһͷλѵɱղ񱲻ô
ƽǣһﾹڴ˵أĳɱҲ߯˰ɣֻǰɱ֣Ҳˣһɱ֮䣡
ƽԷƱԸҲΪԼɱ֮֮ϣȻɱ
һ龫ʡĳȣòƲֻǳȥתתѣȻִ͡һɱ֣ң˾Ȼɱƽ죬Ҳô
òдС˵ҲôŰɣ
£ĵĸоЩˡ
֮ԣỹֻǡЩˡΪѣļ𲻹Ǻߵѣ㲻óס
˵һɱҲͰˣ˭еأǣɵǣλ˵еɱ𡭡ôԷô𾴣
˴ֲǸոռ棬ոʶոսɣ
ƽһǸ޷ˣҪ֮ϣµһҲδضôΪͲٵķ֮ô
˼⣬β
и׳Լƽֻżͷһɱ֮䣬һɱƽ죡
żԼǰҸԼͬ¡
ҪҪôҸ
̫Ҹ
ţаżҶЦһ̫ˣÿÿ¶֪ΧרŸһЩ飬ֻżһ룡
ټɱ֣ҶЦһСᡣ
˵鱦ĶսҶЦص˵ҪӦǰΣ֣ƾˣԾǲġ
ƽԲηκһˣһԷǿʵ֣ѣôǱ㲻Ƕ֣ʱκҲ޿κεء
ĬĬĵͷ
һ㣬Ѿ׼ҶЦ֮Ϊ衣
ԣǵʵҪиһΪӦ£ǶԸҶЦ˵ⷬʱԵĳһ£ҲȺ˼Ρ
˶֪һ˲䣬ҶЦһһ˶Ʋµľ
ʵǺγ롭ɱֵɫЩΡ
ʵ̸ף
һԼҪ꣬ڶҪؼҪҩĵرҪлԵۺЩܹʵһһϦٳɵġ
ܹߵ죬ȻûģǣԵѧΪҲѾﵽһƿ
Ҫͻƣңңڡ
䡢ƽ죬˵ʵѾĶ弫ޣʵٽ
ȻѾˣҪô
һʱ䣬˿ҶЦĿ⣬ͬһɵϣʵ˵øײƵãһɣ̸˵Σܹ졭
ҶЦԳƬ̣Ŵӻ飬ģٶȵһ£Σû˵۾ȴɨ
ڣУʵĿʲô˵ûУδѧΪĶλһʲôΣֻ˵Ժ½֮ϵĲΣʲô뷨


432 
벻ͻȻ仰һʱ侹ЩãȻȥʲôزûֻ룬Ұαˣˡұ᳢ԽߵλȥоδܵʲôزֻԼŬж٣Եж١ǿȴǿġ
ҶЦһ£ͷ˵úãһоδ
ƽ죬ƽǺܸɴࣺҪ꣬һ֮ڣܹԪ۷壡ԺҲۣʼҵıԸΪȡΨԸɣиԶδԣ
ҶЦٶȵͷ
ЩɻʲôԸȻҪ˵Ԫ۷ɣֻǵԪʲôǱԪһεľôԪһ㲻ǽԪôѵԪһͬз
ҶЦʼòЩСɬż˵ԼĴ㣬żĿԶԼ뷨ʵǴ磬ûʲô־ԣ˰
żǰֵżʣǺܳʵʵ˵Ҳûʲôߵ׷󣬾ϣߵҲ͸Źȥʲôʱ򣬶ֻΪһѽڰС
仰شƽ춼ãСӣƺǡ־Щ̫ǳˡģѾûʲô־ʵǡ
ҶЦʶĳ鴤һ¡
ֻ֪У˿˵Ŀ꣬ģ⣬ȴߵģ
ǰһ˵ײײѾȥ˵Ԫ۷壻һҪƵԪ߲εģȥưԣЦӢۣ
ǵһֱԼ˵ģͻƵԪﵽ߲Σǰ϶£δڡ
ҶЦĿ˸һ£һΪ죻ȭ
˵֮еؼݴԵ̧ͷƽ죺ܹԪٸεĸ߶ȡ
ԣһ㱣ȴ֮һ
㱵ǣһԪٸ߳εĹʲô
ؼؼҵ찡
֮һȴǣⱾȻ죬˼壬һɡ
Թڳˣòû˱ƽʺϵ˵
ƽ쵱ʲõؿǰһѾѵõĻԵлͣ
˿̣ɫЩˣѹƣԼûʧ̬
󾳽磡
Ҳ˵Ҫ߳ʮ˸ϵƷס
ҲԪ۷壿
ߣ
ҪͻԪûе·ѭƽ˵ɾһͻȻһɽֻ˵ǳصϸͼ
ⲿؼģĿɣѾһϵİգ
֮ĽӹⱾִ򿪵һҳֻǿۣس˽ȥһУȻʱҲŲʡ
һƽ죬жֳĽ֮ɫ
ִ֮һֱӾ붨ѧؼֹǿһضѵõط뱾ʹϣܹһ֮УҲؼһ㣬ⲿؼļֱָԽ½λ漫Ԫ۷ϵĸ߶ȣ˵Ѿǳļ֮⡭
ֺ£ֱӾǧŲǼ
ƽּܹĹһسɷ𣬾Եˣ
ʲô£ܹ֮أ
ҶЦ˵ķӦУЦЦóڶһû̫ƫԣ˵һк͵ĹҾñȽʺ㣬
ȴǱ㼴ֽӹ߾۽Ȿķϣĸ֣ǻһȼġ

ͬһδΪδšȫ֪Ĺȴ֪Ȿֻ²ѷɫƽõһ
ԼĻԵδɾ͵ڡ
ԼǽܣôǷҶЦ飬ɾҲˡ
ԥţţȻĳȣ̲סԳʹɫ
ҶЦЦЦҿǿȥʲô
һ㶣˳ڻشûС
ȻûУôԺҲǿҶЦ赭д˵ΪǷҵģһӾͿԻ𣿡
Ȼһ
ԷȺԼβԼҪĳ裻ֻЩԼһܻ
ǣܣ
ɬ˵ܣ


433 
ҶЦ΢Цʵڸ㻹ֻᰡȻΪһܹŸģҲлĻ飻ѵ㲻ôΪˣŲ㣬ѣһ֮⣬ĲǺܶ࡭ôȻѾעˣٶǷһ㣬ΪԼӱǮԴգȴֺηأ㲻Ҳ˵оδôֻҪ˻ڣ֪ûлһգ
Ĭ˼˺þãɬ
ǰӹǱһһٵĵϣһԻծ
ҶЦ̾˿δ̫ڹľˣҹȻ֪飬ʵ뷨ȴ֪ҵ飬ҵʵ뷨Ҫ£˵ȥдĸֿɹѡЩֲǮǿԾܾϵؼôʵʼնûжҪʲôֻΪ㣬㵱ѣûҪϻʲôô򵥣ʼգˡ
ǽҵѣʵ˭Ƿ˭뷨ˡ
ҶЦƵ֮䣬ĵĽҵѣʲôû㣬Ϊʲô£ѵͻȡôͬķҲһǡ
ͷصĴ˿ɬԳЦǸɱ֣ѣӲѡӦ˵δ뵽һӵСѡʱ򡭡
Ȼô˵ȴһ˿Ȼ
ѡ
ôůе֡
ԭ䣬ҲǿѵģȻǽɱ֣Ҳ͵ģ
ѣ
вϾ׽֣ûپܾⱾҲûзҶЦĻ
ֻ롭۽ʲô飬һ֮УܶԲԼѣ
Ȼֵʹöˡ
Ǵθ˵Ǹ
໣̫ˣҵȵˣˣóԲ˯ţˣ
ӹȥ˳ľͿʼûиоǷ飬ôأһжȻȻ
ϰ⣬عһ˫۾ҲۿҵĸģǸٵһȻôɧһ棿˲òడ
ⲻ֪ԣⱲӣ͸λϴˣȻҪԵģ
ϴʹŬãҲˡ
αϲҪҪ֣αװᣬ۲۰
ҶЦв̾˭˵ɱ־ɭȻɱ֣ÿˣǲͬƢԸ
ƽǸж֮󣬶䣬֮м֣Ǻ˼ɡ
ȴһĹͬǣһԾŶ޷ˣ

ɱֶڸԲ񹦡
ҶЦĵĳ鱦󣬻ؼҡ
׹ӵĶ֮Ȼ˵ãʱЧԣټҶЦĪ⣬ҶЦǳڵһʱԻһСʱЧҲɢȥˣҶЦԳԣתҶЦıĿҶЦıĿس̣Ȼ޾գһ·Ȼģ
ֻһ˳ȥӼӼѾûؼˣһλȥҪξˣţҶЦЩͷʹ
ص˼ȴûмξ
궼ŵξκĳˣ֪ʲôȥˡ
ҶЦЩ죬˹ϸһʣ֪ξȻѾȥˡ
ңû֪ȥˡ
ǣξʲôҪ飬ʱȥһȥ죿
廹湻ֵģһȥӰٲƫƫƽʱڼȴִӲȥҶЦҡҡͷûаͷҲûȥ
ȴҲֻȰ´£ȵξ˵
صԼСԺŸյſڣ͸оɭȻڿա
棬
һĽĴ磬ʵһ㡣
ҶЦ״ȴǴسһ
һżûѾͷ
ؾѾȲΣ
ֻĽƿΪҲǵԪΰɣ
ôôģ
ɴţҶЦдмңβ֪Ȼ߽ȥ
ֻСԺУֳһѩרԺ裬ѩ׵Ľôͷ䡣
ѩǧ˪Ӣͷףĺ֮ɢ
䣬ȹշ㷢ƮƮ񻣬ֱͬ貨ӽٷһСýģ档
Ȥǣʱÿÿ֮ʱǲԾؽرסС죬ӣƺܹóеһЩһ㡣
ҶЦÿμΪ֮壬СѾͷ󷢽ȴҲģϰ߶Ȼ
˼ʣصһ˿ĳ佻ӵĽϹŵİ
һе湹һ޷ЦϡƫƫԼȴȻ֪


434 ֲĽ
ʹõѽǷƷҶЦǰʱһѱǽ
˽ԶݣɳƲִ٣֮ȴϳ˵ıǾӢǵ͸徧Өʵ죬ʽźÿ
ӻеļƷǲϳ֮
һϲˣŽˣشҶЦȥ֮˽Ӱ롣
żСϣŮ״ҶЦ佱á
˿̣轣ѾȥһĽŽͣСѾͷڴڵش˼ϸܵĺ飬ӹĶͷð˳ɫҲЩΪ֮졣
һ̣ȻſڵҶЦ
һ޶Կ񱼹һѱסҶЦԴҶЦ˲䡪һͷϸ©ϤҶЦ·ϡ
ҶЦͷѾͷôڷܣ
˼ʲôʱڷˣߡ죬Щ漴ϲ̵ĵӣҾֽˣͦġ
ҶЦ۽ûСѾͷԴޣʱСѾͷĽԳƵһǧ٣Ȼһֻ첻ղ轣̬ƣһΪȻ൱ֻǾ˶٣Ҫϸȷϲ۶
ҶЦ߲Ŵע˴γϵƬ̣һ
СѾͷڣӿĶȻֱγ֮ƣޱߣ޾
ʲô
ҶЦ۾һӾԲˣѾͷ⡭⡭ô£۽ǳţͬһ㣬ɤӸɬüҪ㾹ԪƷˣ
ȻղԺʱ򣬾Ѿо죬ƲѾͷǵ˵ԪչǲȷֻǴƶϣȻСѾͷԪҲֻڵԪһƷ಻ᳬƷǾѾܷǳľˣȻ񣬾ȻһӱĳһԪƷ
ֱǡ̫̫ˡ
̫̫̫Ĳ˼飬˼ˣ
ѾͷǲǳʲôҶЦüű
ҶЦɱǻԵɺ֮£ĳģŵΪ˹ǽƾУˣ󣬶϶Υ
ʲôûʲôرİ飬Ŭ䣬׷ˡһ⡭ͳһ⣬û԰
ҶЦһͷߡ
ʲôʲôôţҲʵëˣʾǣһ飬ȷ컹ûгʲôĵرȻҶЦֲˣûô˵һ˵ٶȣҲô찡
ȻĽȾô죬ʵͿ϶Ǵģ
һ£ڲµʱһʲôͨŮ˹ȫϣûҡһ䣬˵ԪƷ֣
˲һʱ䣬һЩһҲ߲е·
ԣӦǲʮŶԣ
⻹ûп۳˻ָǲʱ䣡
⡭ô
Ѿͷ㵽ôģԾҶЦʵ
ôģҲûôգ۾ȻûҶЦ仰˼Щ㯵˵ӶҵϢ˽ôǡÿɨһ¹ӷȻ󣬿飬ûµʱ򣬾ʹż˾Ϣһ˰ɣҲôôûʲôرİ
ҶЦһһȻĴ˼
ʵڲ֪˵ɶˡ
ɨ飬Ȼûµʱ򣬲ȥ˾ȻϢһżὣûʲôرġ
ȷʵûʲôرİôɹȻô̵ʱڣ˵ԪƷ
Ҳûɶ˵ˡҶ˵
ղ֪治УЦһֻ֮ܣ
ӡЩҧ촽ͷһ˵ǲǱ̫ɢˣ̫ʧˣǡټӰѾˡԺһŬôɢˣһ࡭
ҶЦ棬һӵĺߡ

ٶȣֱѾˣ
˭˵
˭ҪǸ˵ˣҶЦһĭ
ĻɶŽвأ죬ֽҲͲ˰ɣ
ѾܲˡҶЦѵ˵ȻܸŬһЩȻǸõģҲҪ̫ǿĽĲˡ
˵仰ʱҶЦоԼڷա
ɶĨɱ˵ǣ
Ŀⷢصͷһ衣
漴ŷԼ˼ʾҶЦһ죬æѳɬĵӻûԷɣңȥ׼ʳȥܿ
ҶЦһѽ˹Ѿͷϵķ飬ҶЦоѾͷĴǣӦѾָ䣬ҲѾͷı䡣


435 ǳ
ſ˼⣬˼£ԴҲûǰãȻ桢Իӡ
ˣҶЦڿԷ
Ѿͷǻָˡ
ȻҶЦֲˣǸӾȣΪƺ黭ЩҲкܸߵԣֻ˵ԭЩżߵ裻絯٣࣬ɵȻڵ߰˱֮󣬲һùһ飬ѾԽ֧ɬĵˡ
СѾͷԣǷǳ˿ɱȡҶЦвһڵľϲ
첻ȽòƸýһµ˵ҶЦת֮䣬ȴ뵽Լǰʱ޵ô֮
ĽҡҶЦ˵Ҹٸһ¡
ЩѾ͵ĽôƯãôҪأ
ȴĽ˳
ҶЦȴ֪ġ
ıǽҪʲǼϳ˵ıݼӢȻʵ죬쳣ȴʧ֮ͣȻϳ˵ıݼӢȻڻԾһ
ʵһָ͵ıҪԽһܹʹãҪȻҲʲôֻ֣ҪֵıԱأ翪ɽ޸֮ıӲƴ£û׼Ͷˡ
νռۣݼӢˣοֻǼıǽ
ĽԸ죬վ˵Ķʦ޿ܣں½ûĶʦѹʵǰʦҲδ衣
ܵ飬ҶЦԣȴҲδ̫ѵ飡
ҶЦǽУֻͻȻЩɫķĩ֮ʣȴѾİɫĩڽ˱ǽУУǽԭӲ֮ĽبŲڵƺڻ
ƺڻһһεˮգڵϡ
ҲһĽ֮ǿмѹ뽣֮С
ҶЦȫ񹦣˫֮俴ƽ죬ʵϵ¶ȣȴѾȥһ۽ʯĵز
˸£ݼӢ
ǵڣҶЦ˫¶άĳض¶״̬һֽڲڵ״̬¶Ըߣıܽˣ¶Եͣ޷֮ǽ֮У
˫Ʊֳĺ㶨£Ϸڵˮ뵱ã
ҶЦ۾ͬӥһ㣬һգգض
ӽ⣬ÿλ桢һһĸȥ
õĲϣɲһϵĽ֮һ֡
һȫͬΪǰɫġǳ˽֮ҲǰɫģĽ֮ȫͬ޷ںϡ
ֻǿĳɱֵڣǿԭͷСȫ֮󣬾ֻһС֮ѡ
ҶЦ֮ǰҲδȻɫʵأȴҲû̫£ϾǴϵĺöĵرʵ̫࣬˿̿ѽȴǿɫĽ֮Ǻ϶Ϊһ赺ϣศ֮
ֹãһС֮ȫҶЦڽ˱ǽ棡
ˣ󹦸ɣ
ҶЦͣ¶չнıǽǰϸӡ
ֻıǽ޳է֮ǰȫԾѩףƺɫҲûκα仯
תȴȻ֣ѽӽ⣬ڹ֮£ȴǧǳӳһ㣡
ֵǳʣϻ磬ƺһѽһѤǺӡ
Ư
ڽΣδ֪һһģҲСŮӭģ
һԡҶЦٺһЦ˹ȥ
УֻоһأæŽȵȻʱûѽķûʱı
Ȼϼûκεĸı䣬ȴǧٱ
ֵİһᣬ˸һһ̳
һ̣ҶЦͱۼ״ͬʱˡ
ҶЦ±ǽʼٸߣǱ֮ˣ
ΪһȥУƺȻһƺƵǺӣ
ֻǳһվڶ濴Ļȴǧ򽣣һ̳ͬ
һϮͬ
ѽȻԴӰ
ҶЦ״Ծֻ֮࣬лϲѽıѧˮ׼Ǵʲôλܹı
ΪԽߣܹӵãҲԽ󣬲ΪΪ彣ϵı˶ˣ˵ڽΪıԪڣ


436 ֮
ҶЦ°ͣĵһΪԪΪҪ̫ߣֻҪԪ߰Ʒˮ׼ôͿݺ޵ˡ
ڽڿԷˡҶЦгһ֪أ֮࣬ĵʲôԼ֪Ĵһ㡣
ıǽͽǳǽΣҶЦ˵
ĵ˵ͷȻҶЦȡ֡
ȸԾ״ԼĽһҸЦ⣻ͻȻʵʵҶЦһڡ
лӣӴ˺ѽ֣ǳǽˣһأ벻
Цеİ֡
ҶЦһŵĺߣ˸ȥôһأ벻ˣΪڽǡɶô

磬ٴԺԽԽǶԼѽԽϲԽǰ֣
ҶЦæ͵Уڷ˯
⼸ĵᡣ
׹֮֮ķŶԣƽ֮ദκһɻϽ˯ߣһڽһʱδкúϢĻʱˡ
ֻ˯ҶЦıû뵽
ѽ״ʲô
ҶЦʶǿʲôζʲôӲ֪Ϊӵһѽδʲôӵķ籩ʲôӵȷѪꡭ
һʱΪԼСѾͷĴһڽ˶ѣ
ڽȴζţһ޽ӽ޵еŮħͷټһ˫޵е񽣣ศɣʵʮϣ
δŮħͷ˵ȻֻΪһ˵һʱ

²轣°ȻȻĹУطѼĵطѽȻӯúܣʵϣȻﵽʮѾνġؽҪࡣǲתĻĪ˵СѾͷʣһǿ׳ˣһֻҲδõöõöҲ޷Ļ衣
ʹҽעУڽֻӶĵˮɬ⣬һʱʱĴӽ͸¶һɱϢ
óֽߵľ״̬ʱر侲
ǡƺлĹܣãǰѾ۵㺹죬վȻ˿ۣ뽣УôҲǻ۵ģǴ˼ʾǲۣȫûƣĸо
ϸһ֮£Ȼ֣ϣȻ̺һصڽΪݽߵʱ򣬻ἰʱһԪ٣
Ȼᣬʱ¶ȴҲ֪ƾ˽ܹһһ񽣣
ץŽֹͣ轣ĶĿȻֳ㯣ƺʲôȴֲȷ
ջǽսԼָһ
Ѫ˲ʱ˽֮ϡ
ѪʮΣħһ㣬ȫͣ͵ؽ˽˽ȥѪȫ֮࣬һۼҲûˣ˵档
֪ԼΪʲôҪôȴᶨΪôȷġ
Ҳģ
ֳ嶯֮ڽεƽ
ΪʲôҪôأȻǴˣҲǺ۵İؾɵءѩ׹أһȾȫһѪĽɻ
ȫûз֣˿ûѳʮġءȴһҲûС
ֻ˵ѽԼһ֣
ɷָ

֪أҶЦһ˯úܳһֱ˯ϣƺһΡ
̫̫Ӱ˵ָоƺ˺ܶܶ飬μ˱ԼƺҪ˵ʲôҲ֪ɫȻһ䣬Ǳӣ̬ȫ죬һŮħͷ̧һȫֵشԼš
һٶȣƺԽ⣬ҶЦӦȻҲȫܡ
֮ʣѱĶ
Ӱ֮ҶЦһȻ˹
ֻʱѾˡ
СӽʲôУô⴫ξĺؽеƵãҹģԼ˯Ҳ˯ô
壬ˣҶЦξЩϲ
ξܲĺһȻԹҶЦĴС֡
ҶЦ¶Թ壬쵽ȥˣôʱ벻ˣҲǰ˵һûĵġ
ƨʲôģôѵ߶˲ɣֻСһҳߣüüҹޣʧ٣ҳȥͲˣһż죬㷸ŵô
ξ˼ʵĿǲƣܳܳģ۾㶵صҶЦһҩͰһը֡


437 
ȣȿȣҶЦͷϼһòƲãҲǲܶɡ
ǰˣҶˡξ۾ҶЦһᣬ˵Ҹ֧˻ȥϼ˳飬Ҳ壬Ȼ󣬾Ȼ۽Ҳų˳顣
ˣҶЦԾʵ
ҶЦȻ˲ʱͶϤξڵ״ܲã
ߡξ죺ʲô£¡
²µ˵ҿҶЦ˵ξϣȥ·
·һֻɼʮ͹ӡĿ
ⲻˣǱ˴ġξüҼǸҲˡ
˻ˣҵȻ֪˴ģǱӴġţǸĸ壬㵽˵ʲô֪˵ʲôôôԽԽͿأҶЦ׷ʡ
ߣξȻǲԸ˵ֻһͳûġ
ȴʼ˸⡣
һЩοһЩʣȴмãȻ
ҶЦֿŸξƣͻȻξǱİˣԼڵΪԴȫˡ磬ɴϾ͸ȫ
һԼ֮һʱزֻƲȲѵٿ
ҲԷº֮ǡ
Ͼȫ˵ξʵԿڶʱļ£Ա࣡
ֻǣξտ£Ϊʲô
ҶˣҶңʲô
УǸˣԼҼǸʲô˼أ
Щ飬ҶЦ˺üΣξʼղ˵˵
ʵüˣξɴһҵֲʲô£ʸƨҶ֪զСӸϽͣ㡭
ҶЦĺĲŨˡ
ξȴ˵˵Ͳ˵Ӵ˱տڲԡ
ܸɴһֶ˵ˡ
һֱ˯૵ŭһ䣺˵
Ҳ֪˭
ӦòҶЦΪҶЦ˵С˵
ҹʱ֡
ξ˯ֱĳ˸ˡ

ξٶʱȴ֣Լһ־ΥӿȣѾʧĸоȻ漣һػԼϣ
ԭԼһϴεԵô
һ˻һαһ룬ĽߣΪΣգһΣȴǾȻڲ֪֮Уͱȫκˣƹ֮һİˣȻ޴档
ӿȵξ˷֮࣬ȴְ˼⡣
ˣ˭أ
ں½Ȼˣˣҹ͵͵Լˣ

ξԴҲ벻ôֺˣ
ҪҶЦ꣬ȴʱ̫ҶЦﻹиңξʵǲ˼Ѱ˼ŵȵҲ١
ξԶƺӵĺɱξԶԶֻ鱦ķŨ̹졣
鱦վһ١ξȻվ૵ȴѾ졭
пܣξĲϣ鱦Ϊ˱߽ʿ˴֯ʹ𣬿ԼΪŸҪһʱ乮̣ʱȴǿԳֵʱоǣԼΪȫָҶһųƣһɵ֯¶òƲֵã
ξԥڹҡͷ̾Ϣȥ˯ˡ
۲Ĳɣ

ͬһʱ׹ӵǱߣҲһ㿰췭ظĴ£
ʲô׹ŭ״ͻȻ
˯һ෿ŮǴʧɫ
˫˫¶˳ֻ׹վڵϣŭĿӵصǰһˣ
˵֣˿̾ȻͻȻһˣ
ˣ
Уүү
ŮĿ⼸͵עŰ׹ӵĽšվţ
ӾȻվˣ
ʲô
ѵӵĲмȬˣ
˫ʶõķȥ˼
һ̱ƣ׹һƨȥҲվ
ղܹվƬ̣ȻǱ̼ˣŵº׼վ
̼֮ٶȻָԭ
ֻǣʲôܽž쳾İ׹Ӵ̼أ
Ůͬʱվ׹ңŭǰǸˡ
ˣ񣬷棬üޣӶԣ˵ѹӣ꣬ΨӢȴһָоı飬ƺһ˿аһаȵĹʡ
ͬʱҲȤĿȻҾͲûѽֻ񰡣ͦƯѹ㡭ˣշûУ˵ϰףҪǰѳֲסˣǿɾˡɶˡ⽴Ź֡ΪãҪء


438 а
׹ŭ˵ҪٸҺ˵˵ٸҿҾͽڳͷˣҸǲң
ιÿֲ񣬺ϬԴʣˣʼһҺܺµı飺ô˵ҲѣôôԴң˵ùȥô˵ˣ˵ҪҵӣѽѽҾ㣬Բ֤㶯ֻ֣Ҫµ֣ɣ
裡ޣа׹һһٵؽг˵֣ҧгݵ˵飬˵
ٺ١֪ҪżΣλаżЦرҾͲ˵ҺôȽŲˣܹ϶ҧڶԲݺݺݺݵΣ
׹ӺһȻ㲻˵ʲôҹԽԶԽã
˵˵ǲ˵ôҲǲ˵ġһ˵аиСëŮ˵Ҿβ˵ǸȴﻹƯˣȤȱȱû¡ιǱߵλŮҸ˵
һȻ
ӾȻһλѣһǡġ
ֻλаһӣȫ޹ؽҪ
˵ģ˵£׹ӽؿ˵
ðɣаЦһ󣬵ǼҹүĶ֣棬ǰʱͻȻԪ磬һӽʥԪ硭Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ٺ٣ٺ٣ԭǹѹ˼ҵģڿɵãֻʣ±˼ѹķݶϢ𺳰ɡ
Բһ
ԪʥԪмɻһԪأ
ôһ󾳽磿
Ľһ죬ϵ죡
ôģ
⵽ô£׹ŭ
λŮҸ˵Ŷλаأһļ˵˵ǰǳڲ֮ǰǶǳͻȻָ򡭡
ĳĳµĳһ죬Ǹ桭֮еõһñӴˣΪͻͽһǿű˵Ǹ൱£Ȼˡ
ٶȴһɫɷס
ŮµһܣֻǣȴԸš
һߵİ׹ӣɫԽѿ
ҶˣȻ֪ģıҪΪѪ죬ܹаٺЦ۽ɨ׹ӣЩĺ⡣
ôʲô׹ӵʲôϵأҲĲɣ
аӾǱУˣ˵ҿʲôѵ֪Ϊʲô㣿֪ʣ
׹ӷƤȴһԡ
ΪЩùôаŭһ𿴵Ǳ飡ȻٵˣҿɻеݣУԼµĳţѵһƲⲻ㵽ڸʲôľΪֻ׳Ǵô
һֱܣΪ˱˴ֵ֮꣡ϣһܳɹһ죬£Ȼһ𲢼£ҲøˣΪˣⶼΪʲô㶮ô쵰ô֪ʲôѣ֪ʲôֵô˵Ǹ˵
׹һ˿Ǹ⣬һ˿ж
ȴԵͷûп
ñ˵ɵӣΪҲ֪˭ǳ𵴣ΪҲ֪˭Ϳ̿Ѫ죿Ȼ֪ˣ˾Ͳ֪ô
аŽţ󺰴УܻôľǸ㣡ΪʲôͲСһЩأ㵽Լﰡƫƫ㵽ȥͷ㻹֪ȥΪޣƫƫ˻Ķ֣㲻öҶûţ
Ҫ£ȻմմϲʲôƸꡭаݺݵһĭ˸գ
׹ˮ
ΪȲҪһҪľ㣬쵰ĲڣҲ֮࣬ͽӵȫõͷϣ
ûôۣҲӲˣҲ㲻򻹴򲻹ô졭
аһӣҪǲǻ쵰۸òˣ㣿֪ôǻ쵰ƽ¾ȥдһΡ
д衭׹ǳ˳飺д谡
ÿдһΣӾ͵㵱ȭͷôðôаޱߣݺݵص
׹ӳţ˵ˣҲδؾ͵õҪǶǶõˣſ񡭡
аһЦ¸¸¸¸¡
׹һӺߡ


439 ͷȣ
òǣòǶԲԣΣʲôϵаߺ̧žߣðɣưԣһȥͶȥΪ㰤򣬿ɲͻһ䡮Ҳδءʲôġ
ߵ죬͵ſλãһ⣬Ѿں½ˡ

׳һҲҲҲпܾǡ
а״˵ҾͿֿķǵĵСʵǰĵ׶Ѿ϶ˣƫƫҪӲһףһףһף治а̹̹˾ӣӴɷؾչթСѣΪѽΪ찡ذҵĸˣҪĲģʸ־塭
׹һӺߡݺݵĿа
ôģⶼʲôʣôչթˣӲͱǻ۵۶ôУõĲģʸ־ô룬ҲȻҲͬ˼ô˵ĺòã
˵ɱˣʱǰλаɷѾСʬΣ
а¾ģֵܺúõ顭׹üģڵ⣬һҸѪǴһΪʱ޷ָѾͷҲһùΪ
а㬵˵ϻ˭֪Ҫûôùֻ»òǺöôߣڱԮôģԽ˵Խÿΰᣬ䷢ģֻҪټʼٸߣڿУ²ˣ
̯̯֣״̬Ҳû취Ǵ⣬ʲô취
а취ȻܸģԿɱסңһˣܹ׹Ժиֳһ˵òɵ̾˿
ģһǡɨء
ողŰôһݺ˼ңתͷȴҪȥ˼ңһһҪöԷӦ֡
ԶԷƢקȥ
òһ䣺ôĲٵ飬Ұ׳ɳ
ɶа취˵а취аΪ֮ᣬһôڶôɱӰ춨⵹һ򡭡ôĸ˵ʲôãȻа취ǾͲ⣡
׹üۿǸȻһգȴʮʮİգʵ޾ԣ仹ֶ⡭һٲ˵ĵڶԽ⣬Ȼĵõرôȫ״̬ȥ޼£֪֮һеģ
аŰ׹תȦ˵ӴȻԳԼ֪֮ǰ׳ôѽλ׹ӣ٣үôоһðƻأԵðƻ۲۵ðƻ
׹̾˵аҪԸôжð
аԼʱŭ˵ҼҼ
һȥУͻȻȻ̾˿˵ȷʵҼˣ˵öԣģͰ͵ĸϹΪ쵰żظƵģȴ޶ԣҲôأߣôģģ
תߣȴ˿ͣȥ
׹֪λο˾һƶаߣһסЦ˵ƢҲû˵ɶ磬ɱˣܶһ¾ѾĿǰļˣҪС弴ʱ͵顭Ҫˡҵ˼ʵǣȥˣҪôƾʲôˣķλ޷ǣҲһˣĸǱߵѪ֪ҪӲɣֻиɳԿķݣ»Ǽ֮˵У˼ȡα֪ΪΪ
аǿﴭŴȴȻûԶݺݵصѵ˵ôر
׹ĬȻɫѿ𰸺֮Զ׼
𲻳ôһ仰аһֵ˵Ȼûر㣬㲻ǰ׳ô
׹Ȼݣ
һ仰ඥĺĳӣ
ûرҰ׳㲻ǰ׳ôҰ׳ȴֱ˭ˣ
ңûһң
׹ͻȻоԼʲô
һʱ䣬ֻûɣж
˵ˣǺ£Щģаһߺߺ󣬵Ҫˣ㲻ǾãԼôĹôܵȥˣͽȻΪޣȻǲЩԣԷпΪ֮ˡʵ˵ˣӱܣ


440 
а˵λС׹һᲪȻŭԼǴ򲻶ˣǿԵġѾ˱һͷĭ׼ٶ࣬Ǳ߳ŭĳˣ˹ҧԼڣ
Լǰ׳ôȫڵ˵̣ųɾŻôɵģ
ϧ׳а
λ˵꣬׹ӾǹЦһɻ֮ĿЦ˵úãа㵱治˽ҵĺֵܣڣǻĽᣬ㣬һѣˣ
аסˣ
ˣʲôˣզ㲻״أ
⡭⻹Ǹްİ׹ô
㶵ص۾עǰһаɻ˵㡭ûհɡ
ʶ֣ȥĶͷ
ȻһԼ΢Դ壬ûɶģ
׹һץס֣Ŀעصģ˵алл㣡ֵܣ
аˣ
׺Ϳˣ
ãŽԼֳ˻һƬãȻ˵ҡҸɶҡôôлҡҡ⵽զ£
׹ӹЦ㲻֪ɣѿǧһã¾ֻҪ֪㣬аҰ׳õֵܣͺˣ
аͷаϾȻ¶һ˿Ĳ˼Ц㣿ô㣿ȵȣղ˵ʲôʲôɣѿǧһãԲ˵ԼߵҲˣػ̭أΪôأȫҶߡ
һߣ֮㣬ƶ֮񣬶ǲһĸ
ĵģŵã⻰Ҳа˵˵׳һӶߵģǲڰ
׹˲еĸжֹͣļƻȫֹȻķʽҵ֮裬֮ϵ֪ͨٿʼ֪ҷͳرסĵ٣ȥƶ񵤹еǣ׼
׹ڷ⣺ȥ
ǣ
ƶ֮Ӧһ¶֮⡣
ȻԹڻطǱ֧̬ȵģ
֮ɫȴЩѿӣֻЩѰˡΪ鱦ĴѾӽȫչˡ
˿ʱ䣬뷢ȥǻᣬѾʱʱ䣬춼ˡʱ򡭡ΨϣǷܹɡ
һ׹ӣƶ֮񣬻аɫ䣡
а˼Ѿ֪֮Ҫԣʵλ棬ܹƵ񵤣񵤵ĴڣǾ޽еģĵʦκǿά
ʵͰ׳׹Ӷԣ֮죬Է̫֮˽⣬϶˲ΪԼãɺ½սҵĴսΥ֮ˣ
Ȼϧˣ಻ò־ɱ֮
Ȼ˿̣ҸԼ֮δȻϵڴϣʵĪ⣬Ԥϣ
аɣ𣬡һͳ˸߿գԶԶȥֻңԶĶ죬Ũ̹
ȥǱ߿аһХѾʧ
ۣѾǿûˣĪ˵Ǻ½Ҳ϶޴˵ǿߣ
ǱˣֱĿԾӶ࣬䣬Ȼǿߣ
ʵҲǣ׹ֵ֮ˣһʵܲˣ
ͬʱ𣬰ӰڿһΣҲʧˡ
׹ϣϣȴ˿ţһƬɡ
ǰ׳
ûرһǰ׳
֮ҲˣҵĶ鵤ûˣһǰ׳
ǰ׳ϣһ޶ʼңԭǣǣδҲǣ
Ŀ⡣
棬ˣ

ҶЦ߸ոոξϣȻоһëȻƺʲô޴Σڱƽ
ҶЦҵȻ߳ţңʣĿһƬȻͷȴԽԽ
˷
ĿĹˣԶȴԾûзְ쳣
뻹ǲģɴ˹תΪ֮ӣȥ鱦Ǳ߿
Ȼڰ·ʱ򣬾ͻĺȻһ죬漴鱦ķͻȻ죬ԶԶأһɱĳЧ𡭡

˿̣ǰҹʱ֣ողŹʱѡ
Ȼһ̣Ѿ˺þõķ籩ͻȻȻȫ汬
ûףΪʲô
ҶֵˣҲ֪ⳡ籩ôģֻ˲䣬ôȫ׵ؿʼ˱ң
ȳ״鱦󣬱֮ʣȴǱˡ䡱һһƴţ
漴֮ܶ


441 ߡ
˷ĺӰɱ׷׷ɽ鱦ɱ磡
һ£棬ֻһ˫ͫоǵĺ˸
һ鱦죬һԲ˾ɱһ·壡
Ƭ̣鱦ѾǺµӰ滹кܶӰ֮ȥԶлǳһĺӰӵ
ɱһ˲鱦ΪģѸϯǳǣ
ȣλӵĸۡ鱦֮֮ȼ⣬ĺɱţȴǻʹҲǺɱ
ͬĺˣһ糱ˮһĽʹ
Ȼǳǣһȼǣ˷һܳ
һǰδļҾ֣ô׵ģڳʵ۹ľ

ʳǽʱѾʱ̽䱸ʱ׼һҾ٣ңȫ
˷Žս˴ص˷һ𡭡
漴սɱķһʱ䣬ҳһࡣ

鱦
ں˳ȥһɲǣһƺӱ˳ɱһ
仰ʵӦЩĺ˵ġ
Ͼ鱦ÿһ˵ͷ죬ÿ˻ֵͦǮģ
仰ȴƫƫ鱦е˵ģ
ң˵仰ģȻλһҲ޷͸͵ϰ塣
ƽϰ壬һ̣ڱֳһֹʣ
úúãѻȥˣϰţǣɣȫɣүԴǧǰ˼䣬ûҪŻȥ
һ߽УȻһ߾ôĿĳ˳һġɱһɱ׬ˡĵԡ
ϰȻⳡ鱦ıѾʼôԼΪҵġŽڷ죬ܹȥĻᣬã˲ɼ
һߣһǰ棬ôĸϽӹȥﻹֲ
״ĵȥܹȥ֣İɣǧҲǰ׻ģҵ򲻹˼ңѹѹɡ
һۣɴһϣһ㵸ˤ˻ȥ
Ƥǿǳһͷϸ߿գͬǹ⣬׷䣬ҧгݣޱ˽һ֡ûеû
е洫һ˼ҽ㲻ҲܽС
ۣһѾ˺ɱȺУһļҲӣ
ղһţȻǰѶԷ߽ȥˣ֮ǿ֮˽ϰգȶеˣôģһǽҲûôʵɣ
£߰ɱӸӰ׷׳֣סɱ֣ɱ
ȻһһɪޱȵȻ⣬ͬ羪磬ҹգһӰһڷϣһһѶڴˣ˭Ҫɱң
˲ʱһƬ󻩣
Щɱ˵䣬ߣ
ɱֽߣ񻰰˿̣λɱִ˵Ȼڵ˵Ӫ
˵Լλ˵еĴڵжԣεĳ֣ʤ
λɱһƬңȻвͣ֡
һʱ䣬ЩãȻ
Ǳʶ棬ɱֵ֮ͷһ
һ̣һХ𣬳˹¶į޿ȻζһӰڰգ䱳һվڰգĿݺᣬһ
ˣһһĮһɱ죡
ƽڴˣ˭ս
ˣ仰ֱף
ɱ֮ɱ
ɱֽǿڰȻ
ңڱ鱦
ɱֽǿɱΪڣ鱦ֱ̫һɣ
һʱ䣬ɱֶΣĵĵ𾪣𺧡
Զƴ߸ɱ֣һĶĿɿڴͣǰŲ
ģǵߺǱߣǹȥ
ȻɱҲˣǲ׾ɱֽߺվ鱦һߣҲı䲻˾ƣϾ鱦ǵͬΪУƽ֣Ҳͬ޷ƣ
ǰȴڣƽֿ϶ı䲻մһ£չƴ׶Σս϶ɱһ浹ɱƲܳ־ã൱һƱ֮ŻߣԼΪ˵õ죬ɲΪ˶ģ
мڴˣ˻ˣȫֳһʱȻ
һʱ䣬λɱ֣ȻƵľ棬ȫסˣ
һɱ֮
һɱ


442 ս
ɱߣͬʱ棡
ɱлȻ
ܹ˽ȥϮһĽαһܲסߣƱؽ˿񳱣Чġ
Ȼʱһ˵䣬ǲԭһɱ־ȻͰ͵ص˵ڣūţͲµһɱֵȻˣһµһͲˬܾˣ
һһĺӰ۴䣬棬һ뵺֮лûһƮƮɳЦ˫һ˿˲ͽ֯һƬ⴩Ĵ
ޱߺޱʥ
ģӰ
Ȼޱߺɱ֣ޱʥ֣ǳ䣡
ݲ˿ֻһ
гȻһһڿһ£ѽ˿һնϣޱʥ

ޱʥЦţãǰ
ֻգۼ䣬÷Ѥ֡
ޱʥıΪȻѷһҪһʱ̱㽫ȴԲһ׵飡

һߣ
ޱʥȻޱߺȫսΧ䣬˲ʱɱ֮սԸҲ˵ԼͬʱޱʥޱߺĽɱ֣ǻҪģǾԼˣ
Ȼȥһƽ죬ǿɱȺеڶޱʥͬһΧµһɱ䣬ƽɱ֣ȴ˶˵ɱ֣û䣬֮Ȼ룬ȴԾûи
ΪƽսһĻƽһԾܳǧǰЩɱ֣ÿһҲʮʮһѾǼޣǧһսǶԣͬĲսʤɺ
Ȼھֽݽֵһ˲һֺĳЦȻ𣺡ƽ죿ɱ𣿺ôͷλն£
һտ⣬ͻأ֣ȴǳһ𣬴ԶһӰ쳤һк䣬棬һѽ˸ͷƽһ
һӶ֮䣬ȻγһҲƵƥ಻ƺƵ֮ƺȻ£
ƽһɣԥԷְν
ƽ˼еѽҶЦϽ֮ģԭĽҪ˵ǿ򱶣ǳӴţ˵ҪǿһټʮǻǴ´ġ
ҶЦңǸƽĸѡ彣ǧѡ֮еòҲò֣

ƽĽ˵Ľ޻٣͵ײһ
õıǽȴȫ˴ʹãֱԲ˶Կ
һĺ֮࣬Χ˶ǸоĤ͵һģһֻȻ˵ĸоȻԴ졣
ƽ徹ƽƽ˳ˣȻȻǸȴһ˳ȥȥǿ֮࣬Ǻδˡ
ƽȫһƴ֮£Ȼ˿𣬵дʵ߿ν޼˭
˭ƽ»ɣѿʳĿ֣֮ͷ¶βʲôӢۺú
ɳƵһЦҾֻһɱ֣ɱںڰ֮еĴڣʲôӢۺúɣ
漴ٺһЦƽ죬Ľأ
һ죬ٴչƣƸͣӲƴͼѼ
ƽдŭһԪ۷ΪԼ࣬ڲ֮䣬Ͽ϶˵Ժţĸ֣ȴԸԼ
ƽĵ׷ɵ֮ȴǣ˵Ĵ򷨿νǼԵģԼ裬˵ģ˵ղһӲƴԼõԭǿ彣һڷ޻ٵӲƴȻԼΪʤһ֣Ծ޷ȫ彣ƱؼʱۣܵԼһʱľ㵣ֲشһɥ˵Ц
ƽ˲ͨọ֪̈̄˷ǵרŶԸԼ֮ˣһǶԼ˽⣬ҶԼɱģˣ۴ķ˵һҪ
Ȼ˵Ǿȥɣˣֻһͳһ֡ƽ쳤ɵİ׺磬Ľĸ֣ǣʬ壡
ȻҲ˵˷һչս֮࣬һߴһתսǷϷִӷԾ֮ɴһ·ԽԽߣʮ֮ϵĿУһչɱ
˴˼Ȼͬͷ˭˭Ͱˣ
Ƭ̹⾰鱦Ϊֲ֧ŸոסӣûüһˣȻ˸ǣסˣ
ۼ󳬼ɱֱ˰סɱڴѾ鱦е˸Ǹߺɱ˶
˫һӰԺмٴгħ֮䣬Ѿɱʺ쭳Ѫһغʮۼ佣Ϭɱ飬ϣΧȴǲ֮ӲƴͻأһܣĴֱ֮Ӵ뷿ȣˢˢˢɱʺؿѪȪֻ˻ûеȥʱȻִӴڴûأ߽
ղΧ߸ɱ֣ոմһϵǰ֪˵˻ǲҵӭĽƣҽд߸Ӷ߷һ˳ȥߵѪڿУԪ£ߵ޵Ĳʺ硣
ɱ
µɱֶ飬Ѿȫչս
鱦󣬴ϵ£˷ƴɱӰƫƫһܲѰĵطڣ˻ʱҽ֮⣬ʱȻûκζġ
ʵ㲻ѰҲѰ۽һ鱦ˣȫɱ֣
鱦мȻȫɱ֣һĺˣٷ֮ʮҲɱ֣
ɱеǳĬԵеɱ֣Ͷϲϻ
ɱֶɱ֣ûзϻֱӿɾˡ
鱦Աİ£һ뿪鱦󣬻߶صذȫڡ
⼸ĿǷডľԱΨֳ³ôֲԣѹ涨鱦һ㹤Աÿһҹٵʱ򣬾ȫȥظңղŻع
ҹ䣬ͨĹԱǾԲ鱦
ԽҾȻͻأƸӵľ춯أ鱦ȴǸڳǴͨˣҲһЩԪԪͽߣս֮УãҲֻѡ
ֻҪǲֳɱǾԲ˺ǵģɱҲԼй棬û˸ǮɱǿⱾԣ鱦ͨԱʵǺܰȫġ
УһХ亷ȻһޱʥӲһ
䣡


443 ɱ֮
䡱һ죻ޱʥӦĺˣǷĺɣನȫޱߺ˵׷꣬һ˴˾쳤磬˽һ鱦Ժ⼫һܣ
һȦɲƽƹģâѤãԲĺ󽣹ɭȻâ쫷һɨվǽͷϵɱ֣ǽͷɱ֣һⱻɨһգ
侹ȻޱʥĶս֮УϾһ֣
һĲ־ٶʱȻݣɱȴ㡣
һȦ
ɱֶܵѹʱȻᣬֻʱʱȻֻƬ̵ĴϢܿɹ鱦һʱʿڵõյ֮࣬ʩˣҲɱ˲ٵˡ
ޱʥӲƴ֮࣬ǽ˺ʮŵסΣۿʱɱķ֮˲䣬ʱϷգоԼĪ衣
̫
Լޱߺȫ߶սΧ䣬ԼӲƴ֮࣬Ͼɱ˵ˣֹǲԼУֱԼͬ˵ɱֶ֮Σֻδ̫ʥ˰ɣʥ֪Ŀӵ³
δ䣬Ҫȥ䡣
ޱʥӲƴԼһ֮࣬ʩչȴΧɱУ˲ʱıش󣬻ⲻ㣬Լ˿ȻҲӲƴģѾ˺˲ָˣսѾظʮɡ
˳״£Լǿһ˿̵ʤֻҪ˰ɣеޱʥΪԼ߼֣ⲻ֪ȴޱʥıһٴľʱ
Ȼʵȴٶȳޱʥ⣬ǵԲһĽ˲ʱƳһȦȻ٣ҡҷֱ߿գһ磬ޱʥݺݶ
ΪôĻƽĴӽзֻǣ㻹ûʵҶ棬ȷʵĿˣĿӣ
ʲôʲôƾ㣬赲ң
ޱʥֺһƤͨ졣
˽һΪȴֻʱȶâ
˿ȻӲƴƻ֮һĻ㣬磬ǵͬǿ״̬Ӳƴҿԡ
ֻǣӲƴвӲƴĶսţޱʥͲǿʹ֮ޱʥӰֱλһĸ趯Ϊȸƶ绯һ̣ƣ޴ڵķ룬ڿҷɣ˷ʤ
Ȼʩչ˽һ֮ƣ뵫Ӵ⣬ͻᱻʳ˷飬ڴ״̬µ䣬ƶٶͬ£˵ޱʥһ̣磬׷ޱʥޱʥһӦԲǼʱش³
Աλɱۼޱʥƽͬʱǰ֧ԮٶΧ䣬һȴƾãȻλɱֵΧ£Ծɲ·磬ɱæңĿҪӿгɣشȻ˵ʵҪǿ䲻ֹһ˿籩һļٹ֮£˱׷ֻ޷γ֮ƣ
ÿһ˵ĸоֻУ˿ֻ̾Լһ䣬뵥죡
ֻǣһ֮Χޱߺޱʥڵ֣
ḻս飬ӪԹѵȴÿ˶޷ĵ΢棬ùս֮һдʡ
ɱ֮˵ã
һ˶սޱʥλɱ֣ȻռϷ磬ڣޱߺôˣȻһѹŴεΪ׳ۣ
Щְ˵ǰʱޱߺļλɱֲ𣿵ʱޱʥûԳأôֻ򲻹˼ң
ޣʲôв䣿Ͳ˽ʵɣʱñֶθ˶򣬾ɱ֣Ҫɱ䣿࣡
ԭˡ˵أôôͣԭµһɱֵʵ˹ֲ
һֱͺ֪ͣѣС֣

ߺ̸ۣۣܶǱߣĳָûԿܣڳ֮䣬ѾȺɱϼѪ
ʮϲǶܵһЩ˿̿Ѿʬ壬ʬ
һ֮ޱʥս䣬ҲΪ֪Լ֮䣬ʵŽⲻ
ɱּŸ𣬾ޱߺ¶ˡ
߿ԭκˣȴԲԭޱߺ
οԼλף


444 һɱ֣
˫˶ȻҪһ
Ȼ֪ԼʱվǱ˵ǹʹȴҲӲͷƤ˳Ϊ˿ɱƼ鱦ΪС
ʱ˿̣սʱǲ䣬Ժ¸ûлᡣ
侹Ȼǿˣڵ״ȻǴԤ֮⣡
ޱʥأҧƴάϵս֣Ҫɱ䣬ѾܣǿάϵǰƣҲǴΨһĻȴǡһȻ޴ƥƱزܳ־ãƳмޣ֮ȻһƣڡֻҪܹ֧Ǹʱ򣬾ȫʱ
˿̶ޱʥԣɱ䣬ȻǱɱ鱦ҪøҪ飡
սĹؼǷսܳ־һЩ
֧ά˽һ֮У˲䣬Ʊޱߺ˵ķɣһаϡ
ԵģޱߺˣֻҪһСģһŲͬ˲ʱ𣬴˿Ҳֻǿκ߳©ʣµ˶Ҳɣ
Գü㣬ƹȻʵսʤޱߺһ߸ΪֹһЩ
ǣӳһ֮ʱѾά˳һյʱ䣬Ȼǻ磬˿¶ƣ̬ޱߺλָǱδ

һߣƽûôõȻ֮ǰҪԷ군Ԥ棬ʵսȫֹۣλ֣Ȼ֪һΪȴӲúܣ˿ƽ죡
ؼģȻǶƽй൱оƽΪ书̬棬оú͸ַżвԣԣƵƽģƽƴȫҲֻڲ֮䣬ȻһҲռ
⻹ƽǰԵϣҶЦ棬ԭǿڱƽ˿̾㲻ҲҪ·磬Կ⣡
֮ǰһգУȻһվһĹȴƴս䵽˲䣬˲Լͬһһľڽսĵ˫ɱһɡ
Ȼ̤ʵأһʱٶԺһǣȴƽɫ˫˫ĺˣ˵ͬʱĵĲӰԭĵط˵ȴѾٶȷĶײһ𣬵⽣Ӱȭŷ׷ɡγһǿ磬ĵߣľֵ˶ߣȻٺõˣҲ޷˵Ӱ
ͻȻһХأԽսţȴһ˰ա
ʱƣȴǽʼΣ
߰ɱȻɱȻԷûǵĬƣҲȫһӪʼҪǶ̫̫࡭
ȻѾضʬ壬Ծɻĺ˳ǽ糱ˮһ㲻ӿ鱦
ͻÿһ춼ھ޶ӡ
ڵܶѾǺϼƽһڡ
һʼһֲƸ˭ۺ죿
˭ϣԼǸ˵ˣҲţԼǸ˵ˣ
ɱֱǹõͷѪӣȻðգʲôϵ
Ȼ񳯲֪᲻죬µȴôӻûϵˣ
ɱһ۾Ǻġ
أԷɱϵԮɱ֮УԾѾһٶڷңԽԽࡢԽԽ죡
棬Ծɲϵкɱֳ
ĿҲѾĴ˿ڣѪȴ粻ֻһζƴɱ
ʱһ䵭˵Էһɱ¡
һӰӥһļٷ鱦ϸ۾¶ѪĹâһɱĳıŰ
һĲб
ˣȴһ
֪˭˵ţͽ֣
λ֣ɣֺȴһ͵ɱߣ
ɱаУ壡
Ԫɱ֡
˿̣˫֣һ߽ӥһ۾һɱǳ
ֵ˵ƽ𣿡ȻڼԷӲ
ЦһսעҲǣǶѾעǸˣ㣬㻹ǵһôɣȻȴʹʹ𡣡
ЦԾҲһ㻹ڵʲôʲôʱɱ֮սȻҲôˣȻս֮ǰҪһ죿ɣǸʦѧģҸ㣬ϻһּ˵ʹ࣡
һ¶ɱø࣬ڸ㣬㲻ˣңһԱ֤һɱʮʮҹԲǰ


445 ˭Ҫͷ
˵ԭνµɱ֣ǿĳģ벻
˵ֻһ£ΪΪܹʱôࣿʵʵ˵ұ֤һʹ죡
У̰֮ɫ
Ǹ¡ΪؼΪ񵤣һķԣҵȻҲԣ
ȻҪƽҲҪޱʥķɶһ·̫ˣһԼ񲻾ͱµڶɱ֣
ǵõΪķţԼܹµһɱֵıҲǲܣмܵ鰡
ԽԽѾԼǴѵĿ⣬ĶעÿһÿһУ
һЦʵͿǴţΪˣһ֮࣬Լļ漥֮ǵĿ˵죬촵ţȻΪˣ
Цеıļֱǳ˶⡣
Ͳסڳ
ɵ彣ȻΪɫ
ڰҹ֮УƺȫȻҹɫ֮Уۼɼ
ֻδü֣ȻѾ˹λµɱ֣ԼҪ߳һصĳɱ֣һʱķӦȷ
鱦С
ϲһŷȻҲһȺǽվš
мһ䷿Լһռ˰߽ɽעĻ⡣
ʲôʱ֣˵ơ
˼鱦֣ܲһҲɣ
治֪Լʲô˼
Ѿ췭ظ鱦һأ᧿ΣȴԼЩ˳֡
Լ˳֣㲻̷תƣƱܺõö࣡
ȻƵ˵ıĸͲ֣ɲһĽɱ
һȥˣܹŻĿԣֻ΢΢
Ϊ˼壬֪Լһȥ;ѻŻȥƵˣҲѾ׼
ڣȴǳϵİš
ǲǲսϷһ󶶶Ҫǡģȫǽϵɱɢˡ۹һһϵǺǣɱִ˿̿һϢûء
оǣɴ˼Ҳûһġüͷ˵ڣίʵǲ˳֡Ĳ˵ôˣŴ˿ȴڵ֣ڿǲҪǳˣ֮ᷢʲô£ƻ᲻Ӳ
˶ǳһ
ǵģĿܣ϶Ǵڵģ
ҪȻЩǿػ֣
ǧ£Ȼ˿̱սΣ״᧿Σ侲ȴĵ𶯣Ȼǻµϼһﰡ
Ϸţ۾գգ͵ĿŴ⣬ٵȵȰɡȷˣһ
ͻȻʶλòƲ֪ʲôʱʼѾΪԼ˵ĹǣԼ֮ˣҲǱĬ֮УϿĵλ
֮У˰ƲƲ졣
鱦Ѿ˿ǰ޷أֻҪλɵͲͶ
Ҫ֪Щɱ֮ڻûֱӴݻ鱦൱һǿʵڹڵȴһžԿ۵ͷ
ֻҪˣĲ˵⼸Ǿ˵ɱǣԻۣ໽еĳ
浽ʱ򡭡
λͷۣҲע˲³
˿̲鱦ķ֮裬ɽԶݣıɽܹ֮ƵƼ񵤵ĵʵҪˣòƲ̫򵥣òã
Ϸսļˣ˿ͻȻϵķ
ƽ˾Щ
Լ˱סԼֵܹ֧ס鱦˵ȴԲǺ£ԣսжʱ֮˸оѪѾȫԼ֣ͬ
Ϊ漸Ѿγһ浹̬ƣٲȥ֧Ԯ߰ɱ־ͻһʣ
УҪ
ΪڶɣѾЩмܲסˡ
Ȼʱ
ңԶĿУһХʣƽĮ
˭ôӣҶ鱦󣿡
ڽս֮еĵ˫ɱ֣һֱڸߴڶֻ֣ڰоȺˣͬһʱϱԴȥ
ǣ
֮裬ڻˣ
Σʱ̣˶Ϊһ֣Զݱܻʱȴˣ
棬ҹĻС
һӰƮƮȻĿ⣬ȴǸ߸ϣĿѹѹȺ˭Ҫҵͷ


446 ΪԴս
˶ʶȻһ£ֻû뵽λȻˣ
һڴ˿̣鱦˲֮£
ѵҪɣ
˾ֻǶݵؼžһ˲漴Ȼһɧҡ
Һ񿴵һɽŽ⣬ǰһɱſˮĿֱⷢҶЦľͺڿһɽ
仰ɱ֣ͬһʱͬĶͷ
ĵȷȷĶȷڵķһɽһһͨĽɽ
ֱӾһءӵصĽɽ
ڣһ˶ĽɽҲδз֮ԴһֵǮ
˷ವӰͻȻ籩һس˹ֻգգ۵ʱ䣬ȻҶЦǰѾɽ˺
ԹƣعҲǧˡ
ܴ֮֮һӾۼǧˣһܷǳ൱׳۵ĳ棬ΧֱӾѾˣֻңԶĵطĳХӦ;ͲѲ뵽вˣˣڳϹ
һ˫˫ӣ˿̰Ŀעλһ˵ķ
ֻӦ˵עӵľֻλͷ
ǿŻƽ
һ˫˫۾͵ġ
ǰôˣôɱ֣ҪԼԼԴȺҶЦв̾Ϣһ
ԼȻȥ֮Ĳҵز޳
ǰȻҲڶ׷ɱȴҲûزֱǾԵУ
ϵɱֻܶࣻǰЩˣȴ϶ȫԭɱ֣涨Ȼвðɱֵġ˭ɱ˷ǲɱ֣Ǯã
֪ҵԴֵǮǳֵǮֵǮҶЦЦţָָԼͷЦ棬˵ʵ㣬ԼҲͦġΪÿ˵ԴӵԴһֵôǮġ
룬Щ˵ԴֵǮ
ǵԴ̫ˣҶЦ˵
仰ˣ鱦Լ˻Χɱ֣̲סһ
Բۣ
ͷ۸ЩȻ㽾
ȻɾͣȷʵǺ𺳵ģ
Ǿ䡮̫ˡȴҲڶɱ
ǵԴԴֵǮǵȴҪȷöġһɱķ˵һ˵Դֵ̫ǮˣҪסԼԴͻѵġ֪Ϊ磿
仰ڶɱֶһˬ
ǵģǵԴԴֵǮܿϧǣֵǮԴͿҪǿˣһɱֳ˳ĵ
ǵԴȻֵǮȴúõڲϣ
˭Դڲϣûȥ֮ǰĺ˵ҶЦĮ˵Ҷɱ֣ҸһҸ档
Ҹǣһ˵ԴǳֵǮô˵Դ;ôױģױԴԲôֵǮ
һҪ񣬲ҪֻǮԴҪһ룬֮ԼԴڲԼϡ
ҶЦ仰ڳڶɱֶаͷ
仰ɱ˵ʵԡ
仰ȻеȴԲǰķ
ҪҵԴ뷨Ҳ⡣ϾֻҪõҵԴǸһ㣬ǣӶܹԺȲ»ԣʵ֧ǵġ
λ˵Ļ˾ĿɿڴĿƿ԰
⡭ôʲôˣǰҪɱ㣬ԴǮȻⲢ֧֣
⻹ôһʲô˼άʲô˼·
ûԴԴ߳ù
һ֪ʵܲףҪӣʵҲ룬ֻҪǸ˶롣ֻλǱ߳ճɵɵĴʴʣΪڴˣҪӵҲܽҵԴǣһ㣬ϣλɱҲܱʾ⣬ͬģͬǣҲҰɣ
ΪϾҵԴԲԣ
⣿
϶ģ
Ͼ˭ҲԼԴɱ˵͡
ԣУղɱңɱǣӦõģҪκελ棬ڿжλɱʾ⡣
ҪǮͱ뿳ҵԴҪסҵԴҾͱҪǵԴǲ
ڵԴǵԴҵԴͬ˵ƿһ㣬˵ͷת
ȷʵӦõġһλɱɻĿ⿴ŷ֮裺˵Щ־һϻⷬҪʱɣʵ˵һ䣬ûõģ
ҶЦЦˣʱ䵱ȻûãΪӵʱԽ࣬Ҫɱҵ˾ۼ˵ľԽ࣬ұûԮġԣҶ϶ϲʱ䡣ֻһ仰ǾͿʼֵΪԴս˭˭֤ܷĿ֮£


447 ɱֿгˣ
λ˵ݣȷòзֹ
˿ֵ̣µɱҲǷ˹ǾУԼȻռϷ磬Ҫ֮£ԲǶʱɳɣ֮Ȼȴζʱ군ȻܲԼؼ鵤ڷ֮ļֵһջͲˡ
ת֮䣬ʱȡᣬ͹һбƿ˹Ŀעλ˵ԴֵʮڵķʵҪʲô
ҶЦУһ˿Įʵҵܼ򵥣ҪʣôĽɱ֮Ужˣǳʵ۹֮ˣ
ڳԾΪ֮Ȼһ£벻λڴ˿̾Ȼʳһ仰
ֻǣʱвĿ⿪ʼ㣬Щ֪˴˵ϸҲ
ûгʵ۹أ
ȻУ
˼ʷƼʻᣬɱƼ˵أôûгԳʵ۹֮ˣ
ڣǳǵɱ֣ľǳʵ۹֮ˣʶ;ڴ˿̣ȻǷ̣ȴҲһƣ
Щ˳񣬿϶ӹɣҺʻƣ˵۹۹Ҫɱңʵ۹֮йҪɱңҶ⣬Ϊ˴˷жԣɱй޿ɺǡǳʵ۹ɱҲҪɱңЩ⣬ư
ҶЦ˵ڳʵ۹ֵ֮νԵУΣѣʿǰԡѪսֻΪ˱ǵļ԰Щ֮ˣȴʲôԻرء鱦Ȼһ̼֣Ҳ׹ƥĵԣǸԸð󲻻䣬߾ȫٰһᡭΪҾ߰ڣΪ۹ŵ⣡鱦Ϊ˳ʵ۹Ѿùˣ̫ˣ
ĴҲΪ߰ڣԼƮҡϦ
䵭ҹĮȻĻ죺ɱ֣ͨˣΪʵ۹ĵһӣǷӦùԼһǣûоҪɱһոΪԼĹҾ߰ڵˣôܲ꣬ƣ
ҶЦֵϻ鱦߰ڣǾӣӣǱЩ˵ļ԰ǣȴҵͷΪЩ͵Ľ
ҲǸ˵ʲôҲ˵ҾҪ֪м䣬ˣж٣
ҶЦĮЦţĿ⼥ǰɽ˺ɱ֣ûƤЩģվҿһۣ
ˣҲҪ֪Լڵйɱֽ£
ֳͻȻĬһ£˿ȴղŵĳͬղֻһ˲˼ȴ䳡֮С
澹֣
ƽȴ˼ҲѾֹͣ˽սҪҶЦ֮ǰĴսʱʱȻȴǺ޻ٵӲƴķͬСɣʱսǶȴǺźţٿԻػиϢء
ҶЦ״ʱֹǶҪһǳʵ۹ġӢۺúǡ
ɱ֮У˵ʵ󲿷ֶǳʵˣҲɲٲ֣ǳʵ۹ˡ
ԣһɱǷֳ
ĺ˶óĿЩͬĳʵ۹ˡ
ʱкö˷ֳСһ𣬱˴֮䣬Ҳ֪һЩ˴˵ĵϸ˭ǳʵˣ˭ǣһǱȽġ
ͿЩģҲΪ΢ģʸ֪ѡһЩɱ֣ⷽϣҿν䣬Ϊ档
ʱ˿̣ǳ֮ˣμ
¶֮ɫȻٿһǰķת˼ͷĿ⾹Ȼָӵغ
Ȼ߷ֲ֮࣬Ƹޱջٶռ˾ԵϷ磬ȻΣʴ˼ԵУδر鱦ö٣ֻ¸ĳָտɴʱνʵ۹ʷϵһνģǶԼʵʣ
ᣬǸ죬ңսǲ
򶼴˲ҵɱ
ڣжԹҵɱ֣ܲӣѾǱ볽ǳǣڳЩɱҵĻᣬǵĹҡЩʵˣҪɱˣҪɱһŹԴȥйȡ͡
ҶЦĿһƬ侲᣺ǣô
һɱĿ⳰ŪҲƵҶЦ㲻ƻġô춼ˣ
˵ͻȻȺһһ̾ڿлһɫ磬ʧӰ١


448 
Ʈһ仰
ҳ־Գʣ޵ݣǡϣ㼪࡭ܰѽΣҳ־ұ
ڿлصȴѾߵԶˡ
־ң
֣ƽ춼ǳһ
µɱ֣
֮ϣս֮뺷ƽ֮£û뵽Ҳˣôڶɱ֮С׿ڱţ벻棬侫ôɱ֮һ֣Զǧ˲ʱɱ֮ԣǺһˣյԼߣȻһԼ⣿
ͷһƽ춼ʶĴһսԼδظ˵ԼԳ־ҵľɱһܹȫˣ
⣬ǳ־Ҿǳڳʵ۹
ңڳ־ˡ
ҿ־ˣ
漴мʮһԣȥ
Ǯ࣬ɱ飬ౣأ
ʮɱ֣ѡ˳롣
ҶЦУЩ̾ϢЩˣȻɱ֣ҲǱһ˵ܡջǰѡߣҲҪġ
ʣµһ˵ЩԳһ£漴͵ͷ
ȴûߡ
ûߣ
Ͼ֮ͷֵ̫Ǯˣ
ջ
ûмܹܣ
˴ûǰôֵǮͷǱ˿ȥԩ
֮
ȻɣôΪʲôҪ˱ˣ
־ջԼŹ˴ûᣬ϶ûԴҲȡ߱˵Դôǿ־ȻԸˣˣ
Ǽ˾ȻҲˣΪɱ֣Ȼ˵Լ˾Ƶġ
ʵ۹ɱô롣
ͲҪٻͼ߷ˡһλ۹ɱֹЦôǮҪ˵ǶһزʶˣԼ׵ҲǿɱˡڹۣȻҪ̸ʲô壡鱦񳯸ֵ֮ʵ۹ע
ҶЦͷ⻰˵ĲҲ뵽ˣǰҪɱңִеȻҲҪɱǣҸոֻǵģɱ˺ˡԣҪԼһɱ˵ɡ
ѾͨˣҲҵˣͷͨ
ҶЦĿ⵭ĴǰܵĺɱӹʲôˣɱǵɣѾܷǳĳ֣
ҶЦ״ζľٲǰȥĿУͻȻĿĹʣһɿǰɱȻ
ߣ
ҶЦ˵
ɱһ˴һȵĳ
ɱ֣߻η䡢ƽͷҲԸ൱ţǿ־֮Уз֣֮
оǣֻҪһ˶ˣ˾Ͳ˺󣬳ˮ
֮ز¶ǿΪȴֵܹ಻˺սô
ȻĿ֮£λǰӰȫ׵ؿʼ˺ˡ
ͬʱϡ䡱һһź
һźܼ
գ֮䣬Ѿ˲ʮɷԲٶ˿δнһɢơ
˶û̫źϣΪǷ۷Ҫڱ߶ӴܡһЦһղ˵ĺƣھȻѾӾܡ
ҿûƻ
Ψֱȣ˷£ȣ
ȻҲСĽ֮ˣΨֺйŹ֣ٶ֮죬ҷΧǿĳ棬ΧԽζŵһŨԽͣȻжɱҲ߲ȥ½ģ򣬱Ͼ֮ûдӺ֮ݶأ
Ȼһ̣ͻȻ˵ףҵôô
˵ˣʱô£
ҵ죬ô£ôôģ
ҵ۾ˡʶȥ۾
һʱ䣬ǰĳ˾ǲԼͬغһȥɦɴɦʵܣ
һӡˣ̫ˡˡӡ
ˡӡ
һһʹ˵һȴܣƺԼԼһһľ޴һ㡭
ǣٹһ̣ڳе˾Ǵһһӱֱ
һͬһĿԼˣĿɿڴ
ЩԼҲˣ˵ӣŵû겻塭
ͷƤģһץֱӽԼͷƤץһ㣬ͷԼץš
ģһӣֱӽԼϵļץһ飬Ѫ죬Ѫģ
۾ģһྐྵȻԼ˳žžĵڵϣ˲ʧţһֻ۾Ҳʼ



449 
˸о˼ȴǣЩѾԼļⶼӵ¶Ĺͷȴڲͣӣƺȫʹһ߽ԼѪܵƬһץһ߿лڲϵֹôô
ӡˣŶ
ԽԽˡԲۡԽԽ
ڡ
һܵԼһ֮оԼճģֵǰһȻ־Ѫɾһ˵⡭ô£˭Ѫ
˿ˡ
ºͲ౳棬˿ѾԼץһƤҲûˣԼ߹ǣҲԼڵϡ
һˣȻܾʱˣ˭Ѫ
ⳡĹ̶ȣп˾Ϊ֮ëȻ
ԷǣԼأ
ۼ˹Ŀ⣬ĿתȻΧǷڣһѪ⡭ˣԼӶٳˣȻԼʹӣˣˡˡ
˻һ£ͻȻֵ˵ѵԼ
ͷһ֮£һѿڶҵ塭ġ⡭ҡˡӣҵģô£ˡӣŶ
һ߾״ĿԼ壬һȴֿƲסȥӣǾģɫȻԳһӺܱ飬ǹ״
ȻۿԼԼĹͷһĴϰȻ۶ϣӵȻȥӡԼ඼˳
һͷǣѵԼ棬ֱϡõġҵࣿһμϡ桭

нкϷˣֶˡջԼѸԼˡ
һӰƴغƴţȻԼ飬Ȼڵˡ֮ǰûһ⡭һ仰ǣˡˡ
ȷˡˡ
һźȻͣҲǶݣֻڳɢƬ̣ȻɢӰ١
ӳֵɢһҲֻʮϢ˲䣡
ɢһ£ȺסˣȴôԼԼˡ
ۿűغ˵ʬ壬νʬɽֻҲˣٿһصǽѪ⣬ûоɱǣһë亹乣۷ֱûɢ
Ȼ˵û˿ȴҲҪˣ
⡭ʲôֶΣ
ǿЩʬ壬Ѿˣ֧飬ҲԣϾȻбһ
һĻ˶Ǽ޲Ĳ
ֳٶһƬž֮УԶ˼ʻƴһأԶкιǷ֮裬ûɣ
֮ͷҵģ
˭ҲҪ
Ψֱȥˡ
һߺһƴ
˵еġҲͲ˰ɣ
ֻǣֳ˶ûԸչǲǡֱ۾ֵĿŶƮƮ鱦
ͬҲƣ

Ǻɫ϶ǷµĶ
ʲô
Ȼ˵Ϭ˵İԵ˵ġ˼
ֱӾû˵
ܹɱ֣鱦һĴ½һ쵱Ľɫ
ÿ˶Ǽʶ㣬սÿ϶ʱܹ鶾ⶾľⶼ߽ıر֮
һ£Ҫ˵ֻ΢ж״ϳ֣
λòƾֻǷųһźȻİٰʮ߸ͬʱУ
ֱӾ޾ȣ
İٰʮ߸ϵһ֣ͬһʱһص⡣ʼգλΨһΪҲͲһֶѡ
ᣬ˿ŷȫˣ
Բۣ⡭ʲôˣ
ɱ֣ɱ֣ɶŽĺֶɱ飬ɱ飬ⲻô
ı£ղŻǷϻʲô
һ֣ʲôƽ춼ÿվʲôɱЧʣ
Ͷ֮䣬Ҫÿ˶ӵнһֵɱ֣ôûˣ
״ֹǺţֱӾǴ˵棬񻰼ˣ
ղûܵһʱȥɻ亹
һɺ֮ȻϣЩˡ
ղ֮ûеһʱȥҪоµһɱ䣬Լȫֿһʱ侹ϵһ
Ҳҿˡ
Ҳһȥˣôڵ顢ѻɽһʬ֮УͿ϶һ
һģ


450 
Ī涾ɿӦĶûеģ
ôаŵĶɲµ廹ǵն
ʲô⵽ʲôɹӣ˻Ƶ˻һ۾ضҶЦ
ҶЦȼʶ˵Ҳ֪αͽȻ˷ѿ࣡
ĪҶЦ˵赭дⲻ֪ĵҲһ亹
ղŷѾʲôɱֵйɱֵġһͨȻΪ˵Ľа˵Ĺûʣʵʱ䣬ʵĿģ
Դӵ޼һ̸֮ԤĿ֮ҶЦͿʼ׼Ҫõ¡
浶ǹս϶ǸɲˣѳΪ֪
ҶЦʼգҲû浶ǹӲƴ
ȻӲʵϸɲȫûпɱԣӲʵ֮ķ棬òǻˢӵġ
ʱһֱѰһЩܹɴģɱ˵Ķݶ涾жĿҩǰǰæ˲ʱ򣬲ҵ涾
ЩռĴĿǰȻľռ֮С
ڸղһĶҶЦһʱɹ֮һŶ
ȻˣҶЦƶгú٣ǽռصĲֶȻ֮͵ֵƨɵ¡õֻ˵ռƶ
ǶĶ䷽ôһ֡
ԣĶ϶Ҳֻһֶѣ
ҶЦҪģҲӳȥܱըһźġ
ֶ˵򲢲Ǻϡ档
˶Ȼеľ֪˶˵˶
ֶ˳ƺΪ
ȴǵһ
֮Խ֣ж֮ǰκ쳣о˶֮һ˲Ի񾭣ɼʵʸãȴֲ̫ĸоֻоڷʱҲоֻҪһӻĴ
ȴǺóԶֹͣģжֻܱļӣһ˾Ĵ
һӵһֱж˽ԼֻѾݲҲ޷ɵĵزˣϻɫ
Ҳ
ԣҩ򱻳֮ΪŴϡŹ֮һ

ĳ˵Ǻܺƽġҩ˵̫񶾵ĶѡҶЦҪһľͶǣܹĲϣֻơѡ
ңޣ
ڿռԶƣа˷ҩ£ҶЦһҲֻŶѡ
šһ֮ЧҶЦҲһ¡
ɱõⲿʱо⡮ЩԹʵû뵽֮ƳӳȻô󣡡
ҶЦš
õġһҲֻܹ߰ѾǼޣЩֻҪΪԪ۷Ϳ˹߽Ƴ⣬һεһţȻ˽ӽˣ޾ȣ˵ãѵ˵šĵɼҲѰĲͬ
ҶЦЩˡ
ֻǲ֪޾ռ䣬ֻߵƳԪ۷ܱܲƵóأ
ҶЦš
ܲܣܹ֤飺½Ԫ֣
ಡ
أԲɱִԶЩçײļһλôɧ˵վ㲻ܲ˵ľͳȥ
ҶЦһڶмܡ
ɱԾֻηɱ֮ɱһ£ǰ֮ʵȴһ£
λ֮⣬ڵҶЦҲδؼ˭
գδԪҶЦܰʮɱ֮һŪڹ֮䣬οǴʱ˿̣仹пռƷƵĳɱ֣Щɱ֣գ
ֻǰЩɱǣλ̫ɢԼĶȻ˵ɲóʹֻµòʧһֻҲֻܶʮ˶ѣڵĶӾ޲̫΢

ҵĶҶЦһ֣һղһ㡣
ʱɱֶ뻮һ뿪ʼˡֻиոյʮ˻ΧҶЦǸȻǲ֪ոշʲô顭
Ȼ˺۰Ͱ͵ĵţȴֲ٣һȣȴʼûмڶ
λֵǼλɱ֣˼ҲǰȻĽˣѾ·磬᧿Σʱ֮ݣ
־ɣһʱ


451 թ
ٹƬ̣вɱΨ⼸Ľɱˣ˴󹦣ǰ˼
õҵĶҶЦһ֡
һˢˢǱˡ
ԾʲôҲûС
ΧҶЦʮвƣզˣ飿Ǽ嶶飿
λòֻһɤӡҵĶʲôȻܼǧɱ־Ķһ£žƴˡ
ʲôûа
һڸʲô˵ʲôëˣ
ģִٶΧ
ҵľҶЦ

ˣ
ҵĶ

ҵĶ

ҵĶ
ڲˡ
ֻԹĿҶЦ
쵰ֶӦûˣȴƫƫƣȻôʱ䡭
ôģһȱ£ȻⲻĿżҵǣʮɱʵޣȻƵǷ֮᧿ΣȻνȴǲһ㣬δң
ڸղǵڣЩ˼˱ˣԩ
ҵġҶЦһ֡
ͷһϣ
ˡ䡱һˢˢļ˹
ҲҶЦ˵ʲôҵʲô
ͷ
֪㶼ûô浱ɵô
ҶЦһ«һ
ҵĶ
һȣȫ֮ǰ졭ֻƺˣ
ǰһɱַߺ޵ͷҪб¾ӿˣ
һɫϾͱˣһƬҵɫ˾
ΪĿˡҶЦһ֣Ȼһźһը
һΣԱΪС
һ¼ɢ
ɴĳһɱǣԲʮ֮ڵصؽ磬һ⣡
ˡ
ղһֱΧҶЦļɱͬʱҽȻȥӡ
ΧҲвǲȻиˣڷԼ֮󣬺֮ղһߵĲҿһӱˣȻط
ոտǰʲô³֪ܲԼʲô³
Ҵˡ㣬㣬ҰɣȾҰ
һһԼ壬ӣһ߲ȻȣڵأҶЦͷȾңȾҡ㡭
ҶЦؿĿΧһȦڽкԼƴӵһɱ֣ĿУһƬѩһ䣬޾ɪɱ
ҲǿпԼȥɦĵطƴ˹ҪƳ
ϽĶ滹޾ռƷƣڵĵǳΪܹƵóģЩһֻһСֿʼƲסȥӣˡˡ
Ƭʱ
ֶپ߲Ҳ̶õʬ壬òǰλҪһЩ
ٿҪɱɱ֣˿ٶͳһжˢˢˡ
˵֮Уǿ־壡
λ񣬾ǿһԶħ
ֻһ֣һ֡һǧյĽɫôڷ
ʲôֶΣ
ʲô
ȹϬԵ涾˵û˵
˹涾½ʢĶ𶾰ʲôģͲƸ֮Ьʸ̫Եˣ
һߣϡ
ƽǰһĻҲĿɿڴ
ʲôʱ򣬾ȻôĶ
̾һ뵽ģһλʦȻƳ񵤣ôƳƶʲôϡܹδزһ˳һ棬ҩ˴ͱҩףô
ƽΪȻĵͷ
֮裬̫޳ˣҶǽͬȶ񶾵ֶΣͲⱨӦôһλɱִǺ£ǿ־壬Ƿߺޣ
ôô񶾵ֶΣ
ȻɱܹпԭҲ˵ģôҲôֲĶ
仰˵ڣ˾ɫ졣
ӰȻһ
ž
ղ˵ǸɱֱӰһ˳ȥ
ǰԳޱʥɭɭӰ
Ϊɱ֣ɱ˾ǱɱԵн֣ʤ伫ֻҪɱ˾ǺֶΣΪɱ֣Ȼ˵ֻǶ˽ͬ
ޱʥ˵ѵ˵ֻ׼ɱˣȴ׼˼Ա֮ôһɱ֣
һߣȲʣޱʥǵһ˵ое˼ֱɱʥΰְҵϧϸٴ壡
λɱ
ɱ֣
ʥΰְҵ
⡭Ӻ˵


452 ûˣŲ
оǣղλȻ˵ôŵɱһ˾ѾǼˣٴôݣ˵Ҫ壬ֱ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ˵ǣƽ˼ҲЩ죬һתȥȻһʵʶٺǺ˼
ԶҶЦǲһͷӷȥ
ôĶĸأ
ɱҵòôҲΰʥϱô˵ˣʲôٴ塭⡭һɱ˵ģ
ҶЦֻоͷһͷڶһӺɼӻơ
ôҲ̫ܳ˰ɣ
벻ƽĬԵģؼʱ̾Ȼĳô͵һ仰
ǡ׷ˡ
ҿǼһﲻڴ˵أ׶ⷬȻҲ̫̫ɶ˰ɣ
Ӱ
ŵ˶ɫأһĻ
ղҿû֡򡭡һ¡
֪λĶж٣˹涾ɾɲ
Բܺܶ࣬ҪȻղžòˡ
ԵĶ£ҲԲкܶġôףҵôû˵
ţƣλüΣ
һΣűѾǼޡ˵˺аգڣѾùˣǷ֮裬и࣬ղŲŪôΡ
УλɱѾͣ
ŵĿűǽʬ壬һֻһĿֱ
Ⱥγ֣óһǧɱֱʬ壬֫岻ȫĿѪģĲк
߾ɱ֮еľӢ
ȫûеֿ
Իȴֺŵսڳеɱλʱ޲ĵɥ
أڷվһɴݵ˵ܱǸλܾˡⶾȷҲǰԵһЩԴˣҸоܲ˼
λɱַ׷̧ͷλ졮Һܲ˼Ĺ֣һ
㲻˼
㲻˼ѾȷѪ꣬Ǻ˼ô
ڿԷˡֻǳϿҵ˵ֶһ¶ܶ࣬Ȼùˣֻ浶ǹλˣûƷζѣĳٴǸ˶Ĳãĳеһ㶼ѷˡ
ƭƭôĹйأ
ڶɱ޲ƿڴ
˭ҪǻĶûأҪûˣ̣ⶾȻϬɱ˷Χȴޣ˵ϣٶΧϣþ۽һԲǲǣǲǣ
Ҫǻ˭Ļǵöôȱ۰
ҾȻԡûƷζѣĳٴǸôģʲô
λڴ֮ǰҾֻ֪һһʦһǮ鱦ƶˡ
ѧˮ׼û˵ʲôڵĵط
һ֣ȴµ֪һĿֲһָ
һϻ˵ãµĳɹߣûһǽҵģ
˼ңĵȷȷʵѧΣ
Ҳ˵˼ҵĶɾεľ춯أ͵ֻ˵ѧΪȻҲѾԪ磬ȻҲֻԪƷΣ̫ߣҪ֪λ˶֮࣬ǰĵʮа˾žǳ֣ǶĳԼԪ׽н׵ΪκһɾͣѼ֮˼ŵݣᣬΪֹܿɹ󣬼ֱ̫ѵˡ
ˣܹ鱦ȻҲԲ£Եʵ飡
Ǿ춯صĶʵһǱķ
ԪΪܶٵˣ֧һ£ֵһ£һ£Ѿ㹻ˣ㹻ʱ¾̸Ц֮䡣
ˣֻҪǼʱ䵤ʦĵɾͣʲôõҩûУܹȬ
Ȼܹ鱦ôĵƼҩƷ鵤
Ĵڣ̫ɱˣ
ֲãֲλԴֵǮǲ׿
һʱ䣬ǧɱּڴˣȻûһ˸Ҷ֣
ȻǴ˼˶ڣ˶׳ƾ͵ɱַջȴҲѶͣˣһʱԾûԸ⵱ͷȶϷ֮裬ȶϷ֮Щˣ϶ƷЩƷɫľòõ
ֻǲȴҶЦ
սʼˣλСģ
ҶЦһХӰͻȻķһ㼫ٳȺ֮У
֮࣬ɱȻѪ㵸رɳȥ
ǡ֮ۡۡۡڶ


453 һǧ
˱ҶЦɣ֮ɱȫ޵ֿ֮⣬ֻ׷׺һͼأ¶Ǿ޴Щ˵ģ˵ûл˵ģΪϵ͵ġ
ʵߵһɸǽЩƳԼˣȻҪΪҶЦйĶ
ֻҶЦȴ»ȭ磬磬顣
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿʮɡ
šϡһҶЦоֳһѽⱬ֮䣬һȦһȦĹӰ෢һƬҽơ
ˣ˿ҶЦѾҪɱ鱦֮ˡ
ңݿࡣλɱ޶־Ļֺ̿£֯ǿĵֵ
ȻʱͻȻһɱһýӲ壿
һʼΪ֮ӣⲻǷϻôʵѾǰˣػУҲֵôС֣ѵһˣǶϹô
漴Ҷǰһ
Ȼ˰
֮ɱ֮·ȻѪ··ȴǽ
һ·ӲǰУ
ǻʩչղǹĪ⾪춯صĶýӲʲô
ѲɣĶѾˣ
Щ˶ɵӣ˲Ѿղ˵ĴģټϣԴֵôǮջ󣬵һᣬоͻٶȷҵͷ̰һ˲ȻҲͲסˡ
ղŻƴ˵ɱǣʱвͣס˽ŲĿƵҶЦߣҪ֮ʵǷкִڡ
ȻҶЦƺɱֵעĿȫ޲Ծһ·߸ͽ
״˷һĸоλҪɱ鱦ȥ鱦˻غϣ
ֻҪ֮뵽鱦Уôô˵߾ٻ۷ĸֻ䣬ƽ죡
ʱŲ˭ҪɱҪΪصĴۣ
ͻҵɣΣա
˼ѾԶ϶λ˿̵Ĵ㣬ˣ
ĶȻûˡ
˾ƣһɱִһ
Ķ϶Ѿˣ
ǰЧĶôкܶࣿղŵѾǼޣ
ɱɱһоͶ;ǰ
ɱ֣˲ʱ۾ѸٵĳһЩղ˵øģ˿ѾȥΧɱֶʱ˳ӡ
УͰµɱֹɣ
ϧʱҲЩʮɰյΣյĿ꣬ɷҲðգղԭѾվܽӴ֮ˣ֮£ȴҲ˵ģȻ˿̣ȻԶҪٶȻصǰУѾԲܡ
ۼûƽߣʱļ٣һ߼е壬һ߷ĵ׵ĴһҪסһҪŵҸϵ
仰һеɱ֣鱦ߵ˶ҪЦ
ôģʵ̫Цˣ
˼ҳססҪñɱôҪŵϵͷ
ԭӦż˵ĻѾõǡ̫˰ɣ
ɱֿӿһΣΪ˵˼УԴҶĺܿ죬һһĹղŵΧ֮ʱҪܼ˽һ
õҶ
һ
ڷЦλڴʱ˿̾ȻҪʼʩôղѾùüˣھȻڱһֶβˣ֪ճǼƣùһξûˡ
֮Ļδ䣬ǡ顱һȻ
гͬһʱɵˣ׵ɵˡ
ֻһȻܼȺ֮Уȫ׵ıɢ
ţԣô˵Ҳ㡰ȫס˵˼ҷ֮ĵѣҵĶĻ˵ֹһòơ
ֻ֮ڵһɱ֣뵽ûףûо棬ֻʣ¾״ţǿֲĺԼǰӿɢ
һ̣˵Ķ˹ȵף


ֶ
Ȼһγˣ
ңһγֵķΧ󣬱֮ǰλҪ󣬻ϣΧ£ˣεĶ֮£
һֵģһǧˣ
һǧ࣬Ҫӽǧ֮
ΧڵˣɫһעŶܵ˼ûˡ
Ϊ˶һ㣬Ӳȥģ
Ӳȥ
ڱɢһ˲䣬Ѿȫ
ؼĻڣΪйԶȳ˽һ˲䣬˶ѾоԼĸо
жˣ
ҶЦмһ£һҲ˺ģɴһӳȥŶ


454 Ӣۣħ
Ŷ֮ͬʱɢң˳񹦣˲ɢַΧԶʤǰΡ
ҶЦĵڸ̾ԼͷĶ㹻Ļǲκһǰ鱦ɱֻ뿪Ҳʲô£
ءͻȻи˷ޣжˣжˡһˡҺúڡ
˿޵ñǣֻ֣ȴѾʼҿƵԼš
ˣһؾԼϷš
Щжɱֺ۾бҿɱһ߿ޣһɱˣӻˣҴҾһɡ
˸ȻԼԼͬ飬ҲһһڵѪ졭
Ҳֻǳ˼̵ʱ䣬ǾͿʼĲҽ˵ԼϷӱ߷Цݡ
Ȼ֪ԼֻҪһʼӣоһ𣬶Ҳû˻ȥϣֻԼԼȴζƲס
ƺѾ뵽˹ԭʼıܶÿжɱһҲ벻ģ
ֻСӣ
ΧЩûжٶͬһ㣬ţˢһ˳ȥǵĶ˵뻮һԼͬ
Щ˺ĶģôıԼǰײõɳȥ˶ĿֱⷢüȻںˣĿȴʼеһľ󡭡
һɡһɱһƴԼһЩûж˳ȥڣһʱ۾ˣżٺ֮еȺ˹
Ҷɱ֮ģȻҶжˣƾʲôжȻѾҪˣƾʲôţƾʲôĽкţأԷţѪسȺ
һ
˲ʱأڷδһϻꡣ
ɽԼĽ뽣ʣɫȴѲ԰ףЩ촽Ҳڶ£ȴԼжΣԼʱ˲ãȻ˺ù๼ϧ
ȻΪ̰ӲҶΪǲݣʱ˿̣ɱֶĵͷʾϿɡ
һ֪ԼˣȻҪŴᣬϧ
ٹƬ̣һǧ˰ٶҲһѪ⣬Ծ⣬Ϥȫʬ
ǰͬ˼һľ󣬽ȳֵ˼һαһθӵĿֲɫҰףްѪɫ
֮֮࣬û鱦󱾲ǰԸֶôվĶԵɫĮƽ·ڵȴٶȿһ㡣
˿̣ʱѾӽ賿ʱ֡
賿ķ磬ᴵĺۡٿޱɱ־ǿһħ˾һ
Ϊɱ֣˼п粻֪Ҫ٣Լ졣
ʱ˿̣Щɱֵĵȴһȫͬĸо
ǰλֲĴڣʵǡǰδģ
ˣҪɱһɱ֣ҲԲϣˣ壬Լļ԰ҡˣһˣ
ڹΣѵʱ򣬻־߰޳
鱦Σյʱ򣬹һǰɱ֣
ˣһӢһ
ȴֲһϵӢۣνʷʷ鴫˵еӢﶼעԸҲԼӢȱȴȫԼ˵ʱ߻ӢۣԼĵ˵ʱһħһͷβĶħ֣
һκľ˵ɭĶħ
һֻǻ֣ǧɱ֣ô˳ȫʬҲ̶áλ˼ҾʱɫȻһ㶼ûб䣡
ϵļ⣬ûа鶯
ԾǸղĵȻĮ
̬ǳ˿ӵеģ
Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ɣҪɱңǱҪд۵ģҪɱңҿǵѡԵģҲɱǣҲҵѡɡҶЦ˵գٶȶ̧ţǰȥ
ʩʩȻ粽ѪУȴڿׯ֮ϣ˿ԥʡ
ô鱦ķ򻺻ȥ
ΧǧɱĿܰΧ֮£˿٣ô˫֣һݣͬͥŲһ㣬ôһȥ
ϣʵѪͬһСӡ
һֱ̤ѪĽȴֱ粻


455 ˣ
ѪĽ֮У˺Ȼȴλһһ죬һһƬѪɽȻһƬ񵭣Ȼĳ̾һ˾仰Ҳ
˾ţ鸴ӡ
֪λʲô
費пͥǰ䣻ȥ⣬ƾ桭λһ·ȵѪɽһ߳˸ʿͷȻ˵ϲˡ
ɱּ۾ݺݳ̾
ѾɱѪɺʬɽھȻֳ£˵ԼʿƵã
λɱֵУҲӵĺ䣬
һҧгݵɱˣֵ˺£ɵλһһƬƵ֮УƽƽոǧȻô治ɫȻ
ͬɽˮһд⡭ȴ˴ĵԵһֿ־
ˣɱģ
ţǰѪ֮УԴڵϹȻͣ˽Ų⼸ԴȻ̾Ϣһ˰Ƕôѵһ£֮Уڣѧһ򣬳ΪǿߣҪٵķ˪ĥ£Ҫȥȴô򵥡
ɴ˿ɼѡһ·ǶôҪ顣̧ͷϿҵĿǰȺɱ֣˵ԣЩʱ˫ӣҪŵһЩǧҪ嶯ҪֻǮΪĻԴģ˵ǲǣ
ɱû˿Ƿǰɱ֣ȴ˺˼ɫ԰ס
һˣҲɱˣһֱ֣ΪƣˣԵ·ˣԵ±Թҵĳģɱˡƽɨؿϧɶɴơ
˵˵
ɱִ˸£ŵϵһļ̌ͷλڡɱˣҺʴȡķ
һʱ䣬ÿ˶оԼͷʮͷմ˴Ĳڶ
ˣʵ޻˵
ⶼǱҵġɫȻƽĮżĮһߣһ˵ţҵԴֵǮ֪ҵԴȻεֵǮܲǵ̰ġ
ǵ̰ĸֵǮ
ΪҵԴȻҪȴǶԼԣȻǵԼԴҪҵԴֵǮġǵ̰ģȴԼȻĲƸΣӵУûͽȻοӵеʸûС
ˣ飬һ֣ء
˫֣һһ̣ȻȫûжΪȥ鱦һ·ȫȫֻƽ˵ٶȣƽ˵Ĳһн
ôȫƽһһӽЩղŻΧɱ֣ɱȺУԳֿȭұ˫ķȻһǰɧҡ
ǰɱֻһƴȥ
˶ʶһ㡣
Լ㿪ֻ·һ
˿̵ķ֮裬ٲĽɽٲǸҲҪɱˡ
ֻھͶɱκ˵
ҶЦ֮ɱ־·ֻ˵ûɱָҿ˿ҶЦԲɵ
ҶЦԭ֮Ŀĵ鱦󣬺Ȼһȴﵽ֮Ĺ̹;
ֱֱͨ鱦Ժӣްϰ
ҶЦôĿбӵشǰ߹Ȼûһ˸Զ
ôҪɱңȻ⣬ȻףҲЩ֣̿ΪҲ֪ôӦԣԵеζͦܵġҶЦһߣһż顣
Ȼ˼˵ɱ֣ȴ鲻Խֱ¡
ڵķ֮裬ֱ죬񿪿ڣ֮߱
ͨˣ׵ͨˡҼȻҪôҲֻȥˣǿΪԼõɱңҲΪܹȥɱǣһ㲻ô
ҶЦƽЦЦʵʮڡĺܶôɱҵǸˣԶʾ޿ˣõĽҲǣΪֻһ˿Ի棬ˣҲǻô˵İɣ
ʵˣʵˣҪҵͷЩˣģģҲǵͷ˶ѣ
ҶЦЦţһ뵽ʵ۹жԵЩ˼ȻҵͷҲǵͷҸ뵽òϣֻûܹҸǮˣ
ҹ֮鱦ҲᷢͣԵ͵ݣλ͸׺ˡҶЦ˫ʩʩȻվ鱦ԺǽϣԺһۣɫͻȻһ䡣
ȻǽԭҪ˵ݸıˡ
ΪҶЦˣ鱦ڣԼЩɱֵʬ壡


456 
棬䲼һڽҹ֮󣬼ʱЧҶЦ˫֣ǽǧɱ֣ҷͷһ͡нҹ鱦ɹɱ¾ɱɱֵˡÿһͷֵһǴӲ̼ٶһŻݣʱŶ
Ŀñ˶ʱƣǾڽҹ˽ҹ֮нҹûгֵɱ֣մһԶõ鱦ʸ񣡡
Ļʮڵͣȷʵۣǹۣջߣֻһˣأ಻ȫˣ˵ӵĻʣαأ
Ȼ鱦ͣһ׾֣ܵʵϸʮڵۣһڰһ˶ԣôⶼһԶҲ˵ĲƸѣ
е׳̶ȣԼüʣò̫˰ɣ
һҹ
ֻһҹ
Ψһһҹ
ܷŹ
һϯ˲ʱΪ
һ̣𶯣
λľôһ۽磡
ƿ۹ͨǮƵħκκλ棬ųɾŵ˶޷ܣ
ȻӢۺúȻܣȻҸȻТӣֻҪ㹻ߣߵܹҡ˵ĵµߣߣԶҡдһУ
Ǯĳϣܵģ
ǲҪǮôôҾ͸ǮҾҪǮǣ
òҰɣ
˿ǮҵͷôҾͬǮ
òϣֻûܹҸܳǮˣ
仰ĵʵǵһֱĵز
ǡòơڡֻ¡ûб鱦ǮܻǮĴˣ
Χɱ֮УʱѾʼЩɫ԰ף½Ųĵˡ
ɱ鱦ɱֵ֣һ룬ȻѾڸղҶЦľ綾֮£жʮȽ˵ģûɥڶ﹥֮£»Ⱥ֮Уȴһĳֻᡣ
ǵҶЦ仰͸оԲ
ѵ˵ԼѾڸղǼľ֮£ȫù
ΪѾвٵɱ֣ĿƵתͷĶԼԼĿ⣬һղſ֮۹⣬Ǹӵȡ
һ˸Ǻܸɴһ粽ЦŵһɱǰҪȥ
ɱ֣ʵ൱ףڸղŵĴսɱɱ֣˿̱סﻹ֪ԷҪʲô
£ÿǰ塣
ڵҲʮڣϽ뿪Ƿܹ֮סС֮ˣ
ĺѾùˣ
£ô᲻£ڿһڣδ䣬һѾһ£ɱ¾֮Ρ
ͬʱֵģ⼸ɱ֣Ӱ֮Ѿʮѱͬʱ
һҽ֮࣬ͬʱ߰˸ط쭳Ѫһ̣ǰλɱִһӣͷˢķ𣬱һץͷҵˣ
ߣλɱעĿǲĵζ
ɱֽһɣ֮ǣ棬κҲǲȥɱֽɣνԼ׳ɵĹء
˸ƻǸɱΪԣ
£άһĹƽ
ֳҽеǲҴĶʮˣ֮価Ѫ֮СͷѾ
˵ôһɱеͷҶЦ˵
ҶЦһСǮգͷ£Ҫҵֵܣ
ҶЦͻһȡ
ˣϰǾ߿֮ʵ
ǮҶЦɫĮһͷһڣǷ
գˬ죬ԥشӿռָȡһƱ
ǰͷĶʮ߸ɱ֣ÿ˶ȡһڵƱ
ʮҲһԲƱ֮ɶݣʧǰҹĻ֮С
о漱תֱ£Ȼһ˲䣬ת䵽ڵľ棡
˿Ʊ֣ȷĸоһƱĲˣͬ֡
ɴһƱо»α࣡
οҪɱλϣã͵ͬһ㣻˿̲ûΣһƱãֵֹãֱ̫ˣ
ضˣǰһ̣ĵ׾ǰδеɵġ
ڣԶħˣ
յƱ뿪Ƕʮ֮⣬һӰҲȻʧֳ
ɡµɱ֣֣
뿪û̫˵ע⡣
Ҳֻƽ죬ޱʥˣ˼һȥķ򡭡


457 
˻߲֪ȴ³ˡ
һ϶ȥ׷ǶʮλѾ뿪ɱˡ
ңֻԼһҲδлɣ
˵ɲиղ뿪Ƕʮ߸ɱ֣Ƕʮ߸ȻǸ֣Ҳлмز¶λµɱ֣ȴʼǲ̫ࡣҪɱǣȻ˵ǲѴ֮Ҳࡣ
ЩÿһϣһڵĲƸڵõʮ߸ڣûȫɱֻõеʮڰ֮󣬱ѾԽϴ֣˳»ˡ
ֻҪӴʵʵ˵Ⱳӣ±ӣ±ӣǮҲעġ
ĳ϶ԣµɱ֣ǽˣ
ޱʥ˿ҶЦ񾹶ٴ˼֮⣺ˣ˼
ʥֻ²öԸһλޱߺĽɱޱʥߣ˵仰ֳͣҲֻޱʥһ
ղޱߺ˾ǺϹ䣬ǵսҪɱ鱦ɱ֣£ĻɱΧģҪޱߺˣޱʥȻµڶɱ֣ȴǷȱƽԱΧɱֵ֮ģޱʥˣޱߺˣΪԼһ亹
ҿղûɱˡ
ֹǲöԸǺܿ²ǣޱʥɫ֣أѹֱ̣Ǯˣ취νЧһ㣬ЩдǮɱ֣ɶĿ֮õġЩˣڽܹȥļʲһΪǶױ˴˵ĵϸƱؽ⵽˵׷ɱǵһ߻еڶ
һλһӱ˳𡣶һһ߽ҷ
λɱͷ
ޱʥһݣ˵Ըȥעһպ١õ˶٣վҪȫ³ɵ׷ֶΣǶʮھ㲻ȫõ֣õ߳ǿܵģ
ǣס
ʮڵͣõĻ᲻ˣǵʵԸɣȴǼаաòʮڣõһʾ޿Ҳǲģһײôޱʥ˵

ֳת䣬Ǿ˲䣬һϷ绯ҲƵĸо
ֳɱ֣ĵ׶̲סֽĸо
ôɱ˵ģôһת֮£ɸĿ˴֣
ȻҲΪǮɱˣƲ̫أΪɱֵأأ
ǣһλˮ絶оȻһ뷨˰ɣʲôģҪʲôģδ˹ӶôҲðɱһЩ
Ƴջʵ̫Σˣ
ǮһöҶЦͷЦЦ֮ǰһֱˡΪҵǮʵ̫ˣൽҸо룬ЩĵֻᷳڣȴͨˣǮ۹ͨ񣬻ס
Ǯʹĥδزĥ䣬ĳضеϡҶЦԣ׼ֵھһ£ǮֶԷõļޣ
ɱ֣һְҵǮƣ֡ҶЦֶȻĵȻʵĺ֪ΪһɱֵĿҵܹԼܹԼʵԼ룬ôţ֮УδػԸȥһͷѪ˵ɱ֣ԼһӼù⡣
ԣλίУԼȥɱңҴǱʾģ仰ҼǵҴһʼ˵òƻ˵ֹһΡ
Ҳ˵һ£Ѿ˺ģǻҪģʮ߸ˣˣȻʬ壡
ҶЦָǰĶʮ߸ͷЦһ˵ʵִ̫һ㣬´εĻôҿԱ֤˺ˣôʹȥһҸֻ˵һ
򵥵ķʽҿ͵ĶȣĿץ߼Ƹרҵִ֣壬ǧٵٶС˼ҿǾӼţȫʮʮ꣬ܣҶЦࡢ㡢в˵ģ˵ĶﻰʵǮǮǣûвŵģŵģҿ顣
ɱ˶ںĴ
ǣλ˵Ļȴûһ˸ҳ
ΪԷʵĲ
ˣеľƣȻȫԴھһ鱦ȫŤת
ȫġ
νԵеĪΣһ̾Ȼôɢȥ
ҶЦһ߿ֳƣȴѾ׼
֪ԼѾƣƸ¥ȴԲԼô׵İΣ
ڰеİ׹λڣҶЦг˼ɵ
һ̣Ƹ¥־һҪģֻҪһԼΣͿԽǰȫ飡
ҶЦȫʵѾռĵ֣ҲѾʱ׼һпܲ˵Σգҳȥ
ԪֶС棬Ӧòڻ°ɣ

ڸ߿Уһ֮䣬ոոаһ͵ӿķ֮裬ĵ׷һ̾ˣ̫ˣ


458 ָ
Ȼаڷ֮Ƿǳ˳ۣܹаȿУԸοһʱˣ
˲ʱƣһߵƶ֮ͬʱͷ
Ů۾ȫȫεľ̾
˭Ҳû뵽λȾ֮УȻܹȷתƵķ˳ֶΣֱ̾Ϊֹ
ǰʱλڶʱ
˼ı⣬ȻǼڷ֮踣ûйңֻз֮ûңźø׹ӳĴ㣬һ֮ˣһʲôģֻҪûȫңǾС
ĿǰΪֹл֮ܣаǿǻʵϽ֮ˣĪ˵½Ҳܿһָ֮
û뵽ʱ״˹֮ǵûҲƿ˾ƣƷչ⼸ʵ
аʱҶЦɢԵʱһӵԲ۾ʲôԵҶѵ˶֮֮赱治˲еʦεˮ׼ֻ»Ҫǵ˫ڶֻҲѾƼˣȻʱûΣգͲżˣȿ˵ҺȤ˵ֵز
ͣ˿йս
λտĪ˵ҶЦûΣգκΣգҲڵָ֮Ϥ
λսȻڹؼʱٴһȫȻ󣬾Ϳʼ˳֮ȴ֮еĽǮƣ
Ȼһľ棬߻ˣһһŤת˼ľơ
˵ײɵǮ֮࣬ǰһСƣһͷգߣ֮Щĵĺһ
ǺǣɲǮ¡аٺһЦڿ춼ǮǮһµĵطеǮǣʵǻۣ
ַ֮䣬ھ֮зƸ꣬תһվǼҹӣһûڶˣֻ˵˾ǵڶˡ
ааϣŨŨļ͡
˵ҼҹᲢۣôô֮ʼտλ˳ۡ
λľôȻ֮вֻ˵ĻֶΣʱѾ빫Ӵͬһĳ̶ˡ಻Զش仰ģȴƶ֮
䣬жʽƿأ׼ʱգϸķжϣؼʱľһеһУֻҪκһڳ©ᵼ¹ܴɣ
λȴˣĲĴͬСɡ
аͷô˵ġ
һǾûʲô˵ģһﵱܸһйΪС¾ԵеĻУʲôǻۣŪòҲǣȻֶΣãһǮλ˵Ȼ޴ӿܵĺö֮һ
ˣ
аƶ֮ͬ˵
ȣҪǵҪԵЩʲôˣΪԵɱ֣ɱʲôΪǮɱ˵ˣɱΪˡԣǮΨʱõġ
ڽҹ֮ǰͣͶͣһսңҲҵóԼĶֵЩˣʲôˡⱻ
һۣûмʱ֣ƽĿǲΪ˽ΣҪµɱ֣ڣɱңס
ƶ֮񻺻˵ʵɱֵµ֪ͨ˶֪£ߡôڸɻҵ˵Ƕϰɱҵ˵һߣһѾ㹻еɱ֣
ԣʱʼɱ֣ѾʼֶҡΪȻĳܹɱʱҲҪʱɱɱ׷ɱֻҪɱ֣˭ܹù˵׷ɱ½ڡԣλˣʱէ鱦һ·磬ʵѾʼ˵һֵķһİʾ
Ȼų֣ڸճֵʱ˵ǷϻϿּʾʵһʾ漴öһΣѾǵСȻչԼʾ㲻㵤ԲôױɱġΪؼһС
ɱ֣жĿ겻ΪǿҶ˫ҲɱǲΪô죿ƶ֮˵
ҲֻòĵĳߣôԼ֪ǲΪǿΪ֮ϾǮԼҪаٵĻش
һߣл᲻ɥģ˵
ǵȻˣȥ


459 ܸȤ
ԣʱŪһܣǺܵ·ӣ㣬ȻòɱҵǮõɱ˵ǮָǮұκ˶ǮʲôļǮҶ𣡡
νʧ֮֮ɣܣʱ᲻һ޷ɵ񣬶תһףܱסԼܹо޴ջȻɱֵ֮ǮҲΪɹۣǸ˾֪ѡ񣬸οǷ֮ͼ룬ֹΪɹۣһ˶ԣһںʮڣûֱ̫𣡡

ʱѾȫƿˡң΢ĻڡͶ֮һֱûг֣û¶棬ʼû¶棬ȻҲͲóȻ֣ôֳµģֻɱ֣ıԵЧȺǡǡɱ֣
´˵һ񣬱ΪԼ±𡣶һǺʹĵĳӣʱ֡
ֻҪӣ͵ͬǵ춨ⳡĻҲ˵ɱɱ֣ĳԣѾİ֡
ĵԸģǲԸģƷչһѾע޷ٶתơ
˭Ҳͬ⣬ôͻΪһĿꡣɱƼĴ˼ʣҲĻ·ԣȻޱʥһ̣ҲǲҶŰƨġ
λݶĵطȴδ¶Щɱ֣Ȼɱģ˵ɱɱġջһҲŹ
ԸղǮ˵ǰɱ֣Ѿעǻ˵ġ
ڻδߵЩɱ֣ҲᱻǮӶţȥطȥɱĿˣЩɱˣλ˵Ǻ£ңԼֻóһǮѣңûĻһкֶΣɱֵĳ磬񵤡
Щɱֻ֣õǮܻܱһ㣬ɱֽɱĿ֮꣬󣬴λȡ˵񵤣ȻȻĳΪ˼ŵɱ󡣡
Щɱ־ܹһģҲȻ޼
ӵľ棬һƯǣתǻΣΪԱΪ
ǣλȻεǮֻҪɱӵеǮȡ󣿡֮㲻ʵǿǸӾ޴ĲƸѵû
飬ǺԹ̡ƶ֮Цһ֮Ȼ鱦󣬱볽ʵ۹ʼ鱦еľƸԾɲｭɱܹõֵġ
һ㣬ɱ֮裬ʼվֻһ˻ĳ֯⻹ɱֻ鱦ĲƸҲҲáΪһõ֣Ǿʸ֮ġ
ңƻͦһǷ˿ʵǸɱģؼǰᣡ
һע޷ɱˣԣԼپһֿ˶ˡʱѡˣͼģ桭еΣԲϲߣͬûС㣬ôѡ񣿡
鱦ʵͲǿôɱ֣ҪЭ֣Կһҹ֮ͽ鱦ѵ˶ô
˵ȻʵȴǾԲֵܳʵⱾλֻԽɱֵҪԭԵһŵˣôûЧˣɶǼģֻҪɸ߲һ£Ҳܶ
ƶ֮ЦһȺոΪսɱ֡ʣ˭ܸЩɱЩɱֿ֣˭
ÿ˶ǹ¶Ĺ˰뱲ӣ˭ܹ˭֮䣬ûνεģҪ˵ʲôͬЭоǣ˵ɱֵĿģֻз֮Ψз֮Դмֵֵʮڣ鱦֣ʲôôɱֻ֣֮ˣͼ֮£
λ⼸㣬ץס⼸㣬һٷ̣ƺףκһڣһְٲ
Ҳ˵λ
ˡа룬죬ô;㲻ǼҹĶˡΪ棬ˡ
ƶ֮֮ˣصһ
ȻλѾܸߵĸۣȴû뵽λаӣλȻôߵۣ
Ҷ˺ܸȤпܣһ᳢ԽŪа۾ٺһЦ


460 Ѫģأ
ڣУλѾ
һȫûֻƾһ֮ɵһת
Ȼһţȳ֮ľٶ
ٶƷ
ֻ˵̫ˣζʮ㣡
ȻԶֳǧɱֻ֮£ϼ̨ԸոȡĶʮ߿ͷΪƷոȥ鱦ɱ֣
ڼΪֵУ
Ӵ֮󣬲κˣ۸ͷϣ
Ȼ֮ղŰ˵ɵҴĶʮˣĿľΪ˼֮ǰȥɱ֣ڹ۾ôɣδе̫ţ̫޼ɵ̫Ŀ˰ɣ
ֻǣĿһɱ뷨鱦ߣȻȺӿ
Ҫˣ֮ǰս֮࣬ҴЩ鱦ɱ֣ǲǼˣˡ
ɱ£Ŀˮ⣬Ѹٵؽ̨
ɱԹ۵ע֮£ҶЦ˵ĵ㣬Ϲ⣡
ȥֵǣԲסһǣ
ҶЦһ̾ĳΩԸֵӢ鲻ԶҺһԳ֮Ѫ֮ͷΪֵУȪ·Զһ·ߺã
ڴʱڴ˵أҷ֮£Ѫģ
һűǡˢһԼϸһ˲ʱѪɽ֮ǰȻʼȴʹûй𣬲ȴڴ˿̣ԼУһ˿ڼѪӿȪ
ҶЦᣬɫ˿δ䣬𣬲ܺˣ鱦ֵߣ鱦㾡׷ɱĺǣҲ׹鰸ºľǮǧڣֵߣԶ
ҶЦĻ˵ĺܼܳʹȴҲܺ
ڳɱǶÿ˵жصһ¡
λȻ˹
ڣעĿ֮µѪģΪһµĹأ˭Ҷ鱦ˣһ·ͣݣ
ϧۣ׷ɱ֮
˺ǵˣͷַǵˣʬڳˣҲţҲܶԷʲôˣǵһɱֻǵڶɱ֣Ԫֻʦ֣˭˭˭ֻҪԵģô鱦Ͷ󣡡
Եģ鱦оҩԶܾף
ߣ鱦ϧԴԶܾ
ߣ鱦ʲǵĴ
ߣ鱦ݣ

Ŀ֮£ں½֪֪Ķɱּ֤֮£λ鱦ķֱӺȻѪģ½չȻв
˶š
ɫѿȻεѿҲֻŵķݡ
˵ʵ˿̵ĳĺܹ졣
ۼ˲ǧɱ֣ϵɱǰһҲһɱ֣һɱ֣ЩһһɱִӵܣΧ鱦ȴʼûٸҶ֡
鱦ķ棬ӦñΧķϰ˿̲䣬ںϾļ켺ɱ֣ڣһһضɱֽв
ƫƫûκһɱָڴ˿̳ޱߺʥûгûκζ
ǮħƿͨҲ۹ȴЩ֮˵ǣ
鱦ڲƲĴ
仰͸¶ĲϧһҲҪɱ˵Ƿǣʵ̫ԣȫΣȻҲΪڴˣֲвģ
ˢˢˢ
ԶأԲɱַǰȻɱִɱ̡֮
ֻǵߣȴ˾ȻΡȻҲߣɵô֣ɻ
⡭զ£ôҶѨˣ
ǸˡǷôû˶֣⡭ʲôΡ
ôˣʬҰѪɺҲˡ˻⣬Щȫɱ֣
ػ˹զ£ѵ鱦ʵ˿ֲֲ֮ɱҲҪ㲻ǰ
һȲҹ棬Ҳһзë㼴龭
ģ﷢飬Ҳ˼֣֮ĵһ͵صԲ۾ſ˴졣
˻
ݺݵصһ
һͷϵĺͲɵ乶¡
Ǹνʮڵġۡͣͷͷ
ڿһͷβЦˣ
ڣ˼鱦ֱĳһڣ
ͬǽͣ
˵ʮѾֱʣ鱦أ컹󣬻죿
壡
Ե壡
Ǯң
԰Ұ㶼⣬ֻҵӦǣֶͬΣǮ㣡


461 䣡
Ǯң
½ͷǮ˱Ǯò̫˰ɣ
һ۹ͬǣϾ鱦ĲƸѾ۵֪
һ۹Ҳܽȫ档Ͼ̫Ҫ
鱦ȴͬ
ұκһ۹Ǯ
ңֻҪбҪҾ͸ȫҳȥ
еǵ񵤣ֻҪ˵һЩǮ֮ھͻҿֹ޾ĸô棡
ֻҪ
Щλû˵Ǳ̨ʣ
òϣǮģ
ӵгƸǮ޿ɿܵģ
ߣǮٵʱֻǿάֳԺöȣԷӸЧãǲƸۻһֲĿֵʱ򣬱һսƲ˼˥
һӣҪ˴һܣδף˵һһȴ׾١
ͬӣֻĿĶѣȻӵãȴھ޴ķֱ
ٹΣҶЦʼ£ׯصϣٶվĬһ£ɱ֣˵Ȱλһ䣬ذɣ죬עɱˡǿҲûʲô˼ֻͽ޹
˿̣ޱʥȴɭɭЦЦǵҲҪȥһʦڶȴۼҪ˶飬δɺܵеοɣӦ֪鱦νͣʲôʱԳ¯ĿΪΣֿܲտգƵĹȥ
ҶЦ֮ǰֹһε˵´ҵ飬״ҵ뷨˿Ҳ˽˼ֻǣ鱦ôˣʵû˵飬ԾͷģЩ˶һ죬ͣһҹ磬¶֪鱦ͣʱֻҪͷӾˡ
ҶЦ۾һɱ¶˵ھͽڻȷǶ٣ҿڴ˱֤һ¡Ǿǣʲôɱֻ֣Ҫɱ鱦ϵˣõͻ죬Ӵ˽ϴ˳һ㰲֣ôĳŵǷ㹻
㹻мɱֽϴ˳һ㰲֣
ĳŵеɱֶǰһĳŵֹǹˣֱ̫ˡ
Ȼˣҵȱ磬
ޱʥƮƮɭɭͬʱһźڿȻɢա䡱һһ̣ޱʥ½ɱֵӰԳĺ֮С
ƮɢѾӰ١
ٲͣ뿪ˣ
俴ޱʥȥķ򣬾þõӣأɱӿȻɱ̴棬ʱԣʮ֮˾Ŷ׷ϣ㲻ܽޱߺһȫҲһйͷ֮
ֶΣ˲ʱתƣ֮ܣ˵ãҲˡ֮ǰһֱƽ콻ֵĿǳХһϰա
ƽȴһߣôף֣
ǴһЦƽ죬αʶҽ֮ǰزʶ֮Ǻڣ⣡
˵գһת˲ʧӰ٣Ѳѷɫޱʥ
ƽȴǲüͷ
˵ΪʵΪ˼ҲӦ˵ٻ˼ȻԼزʶҲδػнôΪΣ
ؼǣ˶ԼǶԼΪ书·˽δ̫˰ɣԼĥ˵ǴĻԼˣ˵˺޽ֻǸ˾Ͳţƽ죬ˣ֮ǰҶЦޱȻĵ˵һ㣬ûɣŶѣ
ҶЦҲɫЩصǴʧķص˵ˣӦǷƸ¥ˡ˽⣬г𣬶ǡּڷƸꡣ
ҶЦôһ˵ƽ쾡ǻȻ˲ʱǰ
ˣӦþǷƸ¥רɳǣƽˡ
ͬޱʥǣסһĿģΪ÷Ԯ
ҹ֮£ĻʵЩΰҶЦü˵Ƹ¥Ѿ˼ộ϶ûпܱô׻ǣô׾ͱתƣƸ¥ټͷ˵
ǵ˱ԣһ㣬ҶЦǰ˼⡣
ʵϣ˲ʱŤתǰһֱڵȴԷ֣һֱȵڣҹ飬Ȼȥɶ֣Ƹ¥ĺ֣һҲûг֡
ղߵʱҶЦ˶Է֮۾һ˿ɻ
Ȼ˶Եǰݱ䣬Ҳǳ˲⡣
ֻǣֻһֻӣֻΪӶ£κζĶ


462 Ǯ
һƽƽ֣˿·Ԫʦεǿߣһֻӣȫ˰ڲӣ
Ƹ¥ʵжôۺ񣬵ֻжأ
ΣԵǰĽƣҹǣסƽ죬˶ѣѾˡ
巽أҶЦеʵ
Ȼǻ۳׿ˣ̸Ц֮䣬ǿлҷΣת˲ҵͶأ
˵ˣơ
仰ǷԷθ޻٣޴֮ݡ
Ϊλڽҹ棬һһˮ©еķӦв˲ʱǿƱվ棬ƽ˿ңƿȫ֡
һ֮ţ
ҶЦüͷˡ
ƿ˼ʲô͵ҵһֱշķԸһߣϰȴһֱڵģóȻ֣ǼɵĽ룬ǾƸӲʰԡһֱûǳ֡
ôһ˵ҶЦʱȻԭˡ
ͣҶЦʿԽܣǮԽɱ֣ԭڣǮĳɱֵǣȻǮڸ󳬼ţŶԣȻĿپ޴ǮƣҲδؿԺԣɱ֮űʵ
ֻһ£˵ĸĻҪ漴ɫ˵Ȼ鱦˴Σʱһ䣬Σȴûʼǧ򲻿ɵģһڣס
ɫأĳף˾ס
ҶЦͷֵ׾ͺãƽ죬˴֣ǰȥʹǱ߿ǻսûᣬİһѣⳡš
ǡ
̫ӸӸǸţȵءҲȫ⵽˹ǲǡһ¡
ҶЦͷţȥʹƽȥ⡭ȥฮޱߺǰһٻţҪ֮ͻ󽫾ǱߣСڲڣӦûʲô飬ɸȥտһ£ˣлǱߣҲ÷ֳһȥ֣ĵطͲعˣôľЩν
ʲô̫ӸӸҶЦǲܵģǰ˲źáôȥʩԮ֣
ˣҶЦƣسһ
һҹһֱһо֮У裬ݲȣһ֮Ūɱڹ֮䣻ʵ״ֻҶЦԼ
ҹһҹԼǾѾ͸֧
ܹ֧ŵڻûеȥѾǺܷǳ൱׵ˣ
Ƿ𣬼ްڣҶЦоԼ飬Ĳࡣһ̣ͻȻһ뷨ԼȨ
ҡҡͷȥȴʵʵ뷨һϣϢָԪϢ
鱦ɱŬĴɨ鱦⣬ĿѪ⣬ʬأѻɽѪɺӣѪζ֮Ũأ֮ŻѪصһ㡣
ƮҷŵһҹҪȥ
ҶЦԱ߾վһᣬ̽˵㡭Ѿҵ˽µķ
ҶЦûۣһһɡ
ƽ˵ȻΪѾҵ˳׽İ취
ҶЦȻŶԼá
۾
ģȴǳֵ˵һ֣Ǯ
ǮҶЦüһĳ˼ǹ
Ǯ۹ͨ񡣡ƵǮȻλУ׽磬ȴ޴¡Ȼһ߶ȣһԷƸ꣬ȻĪ
ⷽ棬û˱ȷ߱ʸ񣡡
ƽ˵ţҶЦɫ
ҶЦͷʾϿɡ
ǵġ
˵ȴǲҶЦҲȷʵ뵽һ档
Ǯ
Ҳڰҹ鱦ʱһͻȻһһΣΣȻǰ˵ףԴ޷ǾǸ޴ͣҲǮ
Ǯӹף£Լ鷳
ǣǮⶫǵĶͷУҲУңֵ鱦ǧĻۣԭӵеĲ԰£Բѷɫ۹κһҹԣʱ
ڵ£žǾڹֽ֣鱦󿹺⣬Ҳֱ۵
ȻƾʲôñǮ鱦
ǶԷ£ӵƥƸ鱦ǾͱһͷβЦ


463 鷳
ҶЦһֱֻʵڽƱЩ£ԣǴУ൱ʱ򣬸ͲЩνġƸ
Ҳǵճ֮ʱҶЦǮ뾽ѳжŪǮĸԭڣ
ҶЦУνƸֻĵرи鵤ֹؼвƱмֵ塣
ЦȻΪˣⷽȴһֱϰ̬
ȻԣҶЦǴشѼ
û㼰ʱңһ˲ʱϣʵǮãԶԶҪԼУöࡢǿö࣡
ԺһúõǮԴԭνԣǮܵģһֻۣҪ㹻ǮǮܵģҶЦ˵ǡ˵
ϣپ룬ͻȻ⣬ɨơ
ƼҶЦЦһͷ
ֻǴһ仰óϣʲôĸı䡣
ΪƬǮǸˣһʶھǮļֵ塭
ôԻ磬ı䵱ǰĸ֣
Ǯ۹ͨ²ΪΪΪ
仰ֻ˵˵ѣ
ǮȻǺöҲǺöһȻ漴ʮӰͬ쳤磬鱦Ժ档
һ˳ƮƮͦΣɷǣĿȻһɰ͵ҶЦƣЦ񵤣ȻǺöңǰ;ǧδȴôҲҪǮҪ֪ΪȻ񣿡
ƶʱɫ䡣
ҶЦ̧ͷƣ˲ʱȥĿǰЩˣ۾˵ڣǳţ½ţô
ɱϮΣոս֮ʣҶЦҲԼߵǿַɳȥ֮ʱһֱһߵţҲ鱦鷳ڣƥеǿˣƫƫʱ㣬ͻȻò˵Ļѡʱ䣡
ֻһ¶棬ͳ׶鱦еĵ·
ոջѾɱֵ鱦Ȼӵ˸д½鱦󣬾ȻٶȱΣ֣ʽ֮ǰҪӲֱһ㣡
ಣӰҷɣڸķϣؼ㣬վ˼ˣ˸֮У䣻˲ʱռеλ
ˣɫʱѿ
Σվ޿ɱ⣬ڵ𣿣
С
ԾɱſϷͷаŰ˵С鷳治٣߸һһݵģȻԶԶǰһѲ̶ȴҪ㡭ӿЩ鷳
Աߵƶ֮֮ɫͬԵЩء
ȥⳡ־磿˵
а˵ǸǹôãӦҲѧ˲ٶмסһ£ˣǿѻǿˣҪῴС
ֱһǷǱǧҪֻעһʱһֻ̣֮ʱķ⣬УЩΪǿͨ죬һժµǿߣͲÿΪѾͣҲûʲôرĿɿˡ
ˣҪرעСʱ򣬻ǣĳƵʱʵԲߵ֮£ӦԣǷܹ⣬ת˿Ե澳תΣΪΪģһǣսƷתԼУһС
Ψʱ򣬲ܿ˾ܹ߶Զ
а˵ͺñڣλ˼ʵľˡȿԵġ
а۾˷˵ǹĽ룬ﻹкϷɿһ˵һʲôΣգȻΣ
һֻ֣Ų˵ŷ£һ֮䣡
һۡ
λа蹫Ӳ֪䱾ʵʵȥʲôزֻݴţô棬ҲǵǷ켫ļȻʵΪţˮ׼һĸ߶ȣôĻǱȽϿŵˡ
治ǹӵѣܴ
Ů˵ˣаΪŮѾԼ΢Դ壬ҸоԼղŵǷ۵Ҳ׿ȺԵٷ磬ɵõЦЦԵõ˵ôô
漴ͷһ־иоˬ
ŮǰֳԼǿȻʵһ棬Ц΢ԣеǷУٸУ˲䱬
̫ˣ


464 죡
ˡͬʱ˳ǣĵޣʲôˣλѣѲɾһ
аԣ̬ΪţЦһֻһһ缦צӳһļƨβҲ֮ŤŤһֻ֣ȴ״ֵͷֵذڳһΪٷͣ˫֣ӭ˵ҿ
˵֮£һ˵ɤеĴԡ
ΪӡܸɴNͷӵĺߡ
ǲð
Ůͬʱһָоһֱͺһֻۿȸڿ˴Կȸʱ򣬱㼴Ȳضֳϲֵص㲻ֶһȸչԼһ桭
ȴ˿û뵽ڿͬʱͬʱ¶˹ĳªƨβ
аȻȫûзŮȻҸоõо˿ʵķʵ̫Сһ㣻Ȼ͵͵˸һ硣
蹫ӷ˿ƮƮƮͬһ㡣
蹫Ŀᶨ䣬ٶӲ
ǡһѹӣ꣬һǻ͵Ļ
˼
Ȼһһֿ϶ֹһΣ赱Ѿ뻯֮ɫѾǽָߴʤĸӪ쾡¡
˵ûϰǧ˰ٴΣֻǧΣ裡
ֻǣһжϢȴֵԽԣΡ
ԷŰۣ˴˶˴ŨŨκӡôһѣ̫ûˣ̫ûˡ
ѹ챻˵ɳ
ģãûء
Ҫܴùһ˱顭ٵġ

·
ԴѹҶЦȻϣ𵶵עǰѰƵ󳬼ˣ󳬼ţݹ٣ʧԶӭ֪ݵСС鱦кιɣ˸ֵ֮ֻкλȫ
Ϊ׵ߵЦ治鱦ƶˣ֮䣬ǿлҷΣȫʧǿлҵðǰܵü棬÷кѾǴв飬к֮˵̫ˡ
һת˵кԸǰɱֹȻԣǣȴԲģ֪ΪȻ񡣡
ҶЦĺĵҸղѾ˵ˣֵ֮ҽæһ죬ֱ˵ص㣬ĺۣҪϢʵڲٵˡ
ź½󳬼ţѹΣͷҶЦ̩Ȼ˵ԴʼǺӯ˿εĲͷ
ﻰĺ壬ĿˣĿӵ̬ȣ
棬һֱ˵滰ɫر˱䣬ҶЦûаòԴǣеԵķŭ⣬ĶҶЦβ
󳬼ŵĸɫܹͬ죬ֻ֮
ҶЦ񣬾ǿһʶʱķɵӶ
֮ҶЦλڵɱŻ˵߻֪˭Ǻǣಽ죡
죡
ͻȻ˳ͬ鱦ϿóȻһը
˼ͬʱһɫ˲ʱͰˣֽͬһ㣬ɷһƬ
˶Լͬһ־ηҿֲĿ⣬עĿˡ
죡
֣ƺлħ
ɥ
ʵҲѹ֣Ϊ£ϵĵһ֣ͽ֣
֣ͬʱ½ϵģ֮˵֣
Ħ֣졣
һǧһǰֿʼ𺳺½ʱԪƷսԪƷһ֣ȴʮ֮ڣԽɱ֣
࣡
һǧǰʱһкİᣬ鲼ϱһʱȴΪһƲ֮ļ˴һ١
֪֮һһ˺ȡƴȻϷ򣻲Ӻܶǰʼϳɱһ·ɱȥʮ
֮Ǻ˵صʬ塣
Ѫɽͷһֱʮ·֮⣻ʬ·һ̵ֱǰ
ȻλȫֹЪͣسãɱ䡣
һһҹ֮󣬲Ѫ뿪˺ܶ档
·ĺü֮к͵͵Ǳܶ￴һۣ˵ŷ裡֮ܶڣȻһҲûˡ
ˣȫʬ塣
սǲһҹʱ

Ǵ֮󣬲챻Ϊ½һɱ


465 һ֣
Űǰ½ԭţ˴֮ǰ²ȻǳǿĴȴҲֻһߣۺʵͬһˮƽϣʱһŵĵӣɱ˲ĶӡѶŭ֮£ȥԡѪսһһţ
º󣬲꣬˵ƼأѸ
Ҳǣһ֮Ӳƴһ󳬼ţţܲ൱ۣŪˣѸ֮УֻȻǴȫʤд棬ֵô
ҲΪ£Ÿо˱ˣڵһʵڣǸڵڣ˫սǰΣʱ򣬲ͻȻɱ˳һݺᣬңдս
Ŵ֮ܿ࣬ȫԱˣ쾹֣׷ɱǧһۣɱѪƮƣĿࡣڽʱչϵıһֱųΪֹ
ǰȴǳ֮һ֮УͻȻӿֳһλţžޣɨܵУӶԲɱȲмս졣
ԴȫȻᡣ
λžȻ͸ɴǰһڵĵӾɱһ
ڣأһֻһͽλͷȻóǿͷǧ棬ǿɱ֮ڣ
һһҹ
Ӵ˺ԭ۾µ󳬼ţֻʣҡ
ڡ
ǳš
ˣ治Ǵ棬첻д棬ڵ촫˵ɱ˵
֣ڣңһ飺նݾһҪ
ԣԵˣһ⣬ȫ䳭壬նݳȮ
⺮½˵ֻҪСҲҹ䡣
Ϊµһ֣µһѪ
֣ں½ԣһ˵һɣ
վҶЦǰˣȻǴˡ
ʱ˿̣ʱգ˵Ƿֽдأ
ڲδ֮ǰǳ߿νǸΪ˭Ҳ˭
ԴӲˣŵ̬˲϶Ϊһ
Ȼǳһ㣬򳬼ŵ¼λ֧λ൱˴֪ھ£ʼձŲ̬ƣвһѹһҵ״
вڳʱ򣬱֮ʱ
һУˣԲհ
ʵϣƬ½ʲôˣʲôܶô۸ӵĹϵֻҪڳͷΨһĻˣ
ûκ˿ȡĵλ
ڵھޱߺĪһս֮󣬾㣬ָд˴¼̬Ͼɴ˲죬
ɱһ˭棿
žǴ٣һҡ
ˣͿ֪ڶµ̬ȣǾԲأӲЭǻ̬ȣͲǸˣΪһҹ֮䣬ܹ¾ɾ
ǲҪǱŵ񵤲԰һὫȫɱøɸɾ
ܽ񵤸˭
ţ
ţƵˣԾֻʬ壡
λµһ֣µһ򣬺½Ĵ˵λ鱦ķ׿ڣԼ֡
ԢΪΣԶ֪
ôû˵ҶЦƣŤͷţ֪ˣв졭ܸɴһ˵ʲôôĺۣûок㣬ֱһô
˵ңʲô£
ɫһѰ֣ȫ⣬ȫ𾪡Ǹû˵˵
ңҶЦ˵ĻǡҡǡҡУȻƺЩ⡣
Һƣ룬Ѿ˵ˡ
ˣɫһ£һ̣һŨŭ𣬾ɼ
ΪֻҪԼ֣ŵСɢźŹǸڵԭ£˵һ۲ʶ̩ɽ֪߲֮Ĺά
ȻֱιȥҲǺпܵġ
Ͼĳ棬һ֮Ѽ֪١
ϰΪΪˡ
ңʵԼ𺳡
ÿһξоˬ
죬ǴҪһˬζȴû뵽СԼ֣ȻȫûзӦȫ֪Լʲôһ㣬ԾǸĵԣ
һ̣ԭۻ߷øУȴͬͷһͰˮʲôȫûˣ
ˣѵû˵ҵôüͷѹŻʵ
ǶԷû˵Ҳѹ֡
֪߲£Ȼδò⣬Ǹ˵
ӦҪ˵㣿ѵ첻ǸʵˣҶЦͷ񣬷ǳ͵˵ҾãڻںЩƺЩȷˣǲҪΪǵĺáأ
ҶЦѾˣ˵˵ʱǰеĳЩ룬ѾԼƷһˣ
ûҪˣ


466 㵨ӲС
㾹Ȼû˵ҵ֣ΪˣȻû˵Ϸšɫһķס
˶֪ɫһףҪʼɱˡ
Ӧ˵ôҶЦЦһΪʲôҪ˵㣿ôֵȥע
ƽ״һСλǰǡڵĵһ֣Ҳǵ¹ϵĵһ֡ǲ찡찡
Ʋ㱻λɸˡ
ҵ׵ţ֪֪ʲô˰
ҵģҪٶ˵䣬ǾҪʱùˡ
ֻЩҪɱ⣬ľ£ȫñ¾һգ
ҶЦ¶һ˿Գ
¹ϵĵһ֣
½ģ
ǡˣ
ϾЦУ½ʲô֣Ǻ½Ƭ¹ϵһ֣ЦУҲִϣ
ȻҪұʾ𾪡
˵ں½ˮúܣ㲻ƶ֮֮λܣϵλ߼أֻҪٹ죬ȵΪʵҲҪԪ֮ϵģԵóʲµһ
治֪Ѿģʲô԰ģ
ԭ˰ͦˣһΪһأʧʧҶЦ̧ͷŲ죺Ǹ죬ʲô鰡ҸղѾ˵ˣҺˣ۾ͲЩ׻ˣ㻹ǸϽ˵°ɣĶסˣ
㶣һʱͻȻЦͷСӣ㲻ܲǳѽ
ҶЦЦоԣʵҲ֪ǲģҪȻҲô䣬޲ڣ˵°ɣȻôά˺ܶ࣬ĺۣʵû㡣
ۣû㡣
ҶЦǿ˵ĴΣ
Ŀ⣬Ҳڿλ졣
һﲻʲôɵƵĻӦáԼѡɣ
첢ûҶЦ֮⣬˵ᣬȴѾмᡣ
ֻȻЦɱԽԽŨѹԭΪһƷתΣ֣һλӢֶۣθɾ䣬¼оϣ벻һȴ˴ʧν棬ǣûоη֮ĵˣȻţҲ̣ʳûкıҪ磬Ϸ·ˣҪϢһ߾ȪϢϢˡ
ֻ̧𣬻佣
ֶУȴֻ֣ͬһʱųصĳһ㣬ϵڽϡ
ҶЦЦһҲ˾أȻ·߾Ȫ߻˶õ壿·ͷô
Ȼ̧ͷУĺâֱֱĴ벽УôֱӣȫΣ֣һ˿Ե볰ܹ˵ȲʵʵĴ󻰣ҲܲĲǳ
ϼ鶯һ£ڷϷ򣿡
ڹά㣬˵治ҶЦЦΪȻܹȫȻˣ໹פµĸ壡ʱ򣬾Ȼɱ˵ͷؼǣɱĶң
ҶЦ䣬ĺһ죬㵨ӵ治С
ĶͻȻסˣ׵ضסˡ
˵۾ֱֱĶӡ
УԾɱֻǴ˿̣Զһ˿Ȼġ
ҶЦ۾ȴ罣絶һ˿һ˿Ȼ
ɱôҶЦģƽģԾӸµĸ̬ʵ
µһ֣ҶЦǷھİȻڴ˿ͻȻ쾡µؼ
һ̣Ŀ⣬ֻӸһ⣡
仰ͺһ룬һ˲ϣ
Ҳɱ㣿
Ϊβɱ㣿
ĵһͷȫܲˣ˹ʲô룬һѾͽǰ쵰Ĳϣ
ʵϣȴҡ
ȫң˿
ǰ֮ˣҲõģ
һγɽûиκ˴кڵ߲ҲͻȻĳԸġ
Ϊյ˵ǳƹȻǶô룬ȴҲûӵòµһ֣ҲڵĶֵĵز
һԭ򣬴˴¼ԴͷǷƸ¥Ȼ¹ϵĵһˣȴֻں½ͼλ棬ϷƸ¥֮ƶ֮κһˣҲֻǷַӵ顣
ðĴա


467 ͷ
ȻǺ½ĵһˣĽǶҲͲǶˮ׼ѣʲô˵ĽɫȻпᣬ裬ȴʵ
ֻǣʲôĲ죬ں½ڣȴ֮ɶҡ
ǰʣϸ˵ʵʵǱ״ģ
Σ̫ࡣ
̫ࡣ
Ȼȴվ˳ӧǰǡ
ڲҪʵԭʵܼ򵥣ǵġԼԼ״
ԼޣѾһ¡
ڴǰ൱һ֮Уһֱڱչأ½λΪ޵Ҫ
ϧǰչأǵȫȻ޼£ʹԪĴ
ֻ۹ΪΣʵʵѾԶԶνĲΣ֪ΪΣȴʼ޷һ
ţҲȫûһʵϣȥȴ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬱˸Ǵ֮⵽شӲдάѾȥ;ƿݵıԵ
ⷬչأµ״̬ˣȴԪֻʣ¶ѡ
£Ԫͻȴβ
ֻڣ˵ˣڳǳܹƵ񵤵ľϢ
ԣһҲȲǰ
֪൱뷭Ƹ¥˶ϣȴҲ˲ˣȻҶϹȻҪԼֻʣµԪĲ𣬵һ˳õԪ鵤ԼͿԵõ
˼Ȼܹƴ˵еĵ񵤣Ҳǲܣ
ԼԭȻ첻ɼһǰβգ
ѾԼĻᡣ
ǲ˼
һҪĿģͲеĵ񵤣֮Ŀֻ꣬ⵤ񵤵ˣ֮裡
ԭΪԼԼ֮û֪ԣţԼֱ֮裬Ȼ󣬽λʦΪã񵤣ڡ
Ͼµһ֣µһɱ˿ħ
ʢµĴ˵ͷƬ½Ѿ̫㹻ˣ
Ҫ˵ֻвһʦв۹κһʵۣҲ㹻ģ
ȴû뵽֮еķչԼ󱳵ۣ
λӲԣ߰ƶһ㣬ƢҲǾéʯͷֳӲ
۹⣬òҲ̫ϬˣĿԼʵ״
ô
˵ҪΣɫĿгѹԡ
Ȼ֮ȴԲԸŴ˾ʶܶϤԼĿǰ״ȫ˽Լ״̬
Ǹǰɣ˵㶼ӡûް壬ͫɢˣ̫ѨĹ͸Ѿ˼£˵ʱ򣬲ʮ㣬Ҳʮ㣬εʮ㣬жϵļ֮Զ⡭
ҶЦŲ죬ϵ˵ʮֲĸ֢״Խ˵ɫԽѿĵҲľĪ
ӡͫ׵ȵ״㻹ıΪѹƣԿʵȻ̫Ѩͳ̶ȣȴ֮Ѿȥ½ܳܵļ޸ɣжϼϢڵľѾʱܱıԵ
֮ΪտҲԪΪõĸΣʱ˿̣ȴÿһκԪĲɵľѹأֻҪһתǾѣԪߣɡ
ΪҲνµһ֮ҲµһΪľ״ȫ޷ܸɣ֮޷ͻԪɣ״̬Ȼɳ֣ҿɶԣ㽫ɱ֮ɱ֮һԪ漴Ṧ⣬ɱ֮ˣ߾ȪΪ㲻᲻֪ɣ
Ȼٶһ㲻֪ģ֮ʱǧҪ֮ˣֻص֮ڣΪ֮ʱ㴦ڲҲ˲Ϊ𣬻壬ЩǿпƵγ˲ʱɼ鱬֮൱ʮɼ޹һƽ֮ذɣ
ҶЦ侲ĿŲ죺²⣬֮Իʱһ򣬹ȻҪһԾˣҲΪ˱ţϾνµԪֻһµķΧҲһ̣Ҫ̤ڤ֮;ˣ
˵ҶЦնһ仰죬һһʵϣܹˣһֻһǾң


468 
ҲԮ֣㾪컹ǲ죬ע٣֪һڵ㲻˵úңĴȻвң㵱Ǻôĵӣ
кâ䣬˵ܾң
ҶЦ޿޲ɵ˵ҵĵΪҶȲ㣬½ʸ˵ܾô㲻Ҫ˵̫磬ͿС̬ȣǲҪ̫ˣ
첪Ȼ
ίʵȥյ㣬ҶЦԣʱ𣻵ȴԳܱ˵裡䣬۾µһӲκ̣
˵ϷίʵȻӣȴڵһëͷСָűӴҪ찢ġҡβ˾ĵزսҵ̼ޣϷôЩ£ˣܴһλʦһ·ҲδһȤ£
ҶЦЦ˵һ·Ȥ£ͬھ԰㲻Ǻųһ˵ôͷĴ˵һ£˵£˵ŵʦһ߾ȪžͲǴ˵ǵ񻰣
ԥһ¡
һɱ㣬бأ޼ɵ
ҴİϣֻԼ
˵ӹȻҪȴҪĶ
Ͼûʲôûˡ
һǧ꣬ܽı顣
ڣȻѾҶЦ̣ŭɶȴֵһ
öƤͬ󡣬һһģж񶾵Ĺâ˸ϣȴǲҵ֡
ȻµһΣһסߣһҲǲҶְˣ
Щ˵ףȴѵúܡ
ֻҶЦνµһ֣вһ̾Ϣ
ոСܵĴ㣬עҪˡ
һȫͬ䡢ƽ죬ȣԲֵԼΪʲô
Ǹʲôµһֵͷ
ǺǺˡ
һʱ뽩֣ҶЦ˫ֱǰϾбλµһ֣һѱһǷ顣
ĲȲᣬҲҳ飬úҲ
ڲɸ֣˼һܾʣֱǾ
ÿ˶Ŀ⸴ӡ
ôģôһ£ǲʦôôͽˣһô
С״ͬλ˵һô
һﵽҪʲôǸһ֮ڿĵÿˣԷôǿʵ鷳Ȼһһ佫öԷϲ²ȥġƫƫߵʵûпءֱĿ
аٺһЦ˵Ů˰ͷǼʶ̣˳ϲңԣԡ
ͬʱ˫üһĿâȻ䡰ͷʶ̡ŭˣֻǣȴֽŭѹȥ
ǹӵѣԼŶԣеΪѵֻǹӣҾ׿ǣһȻǸһʵȴʵʵľӶأʵǲŮ㣬ѹŭֻǰˢˢķַ
ǰˣ˿̵аѾҵĹͷˡ
аüëλǵ˵ãݴƣԿɶϤԷڣ֮ԷͶʩλνµһ֡ȿȡ
˵µһ֣֡аϵҲǾʡ
ʵ޷󣬾һԼһͿԴɢļһһλȻµһ֣Ȼʲô棬˵Ҫʲô񻰣ʲôʱЩ⣬ôõĵء
蹫˵⼸ֵʱĸеνĨɱ˵ǡ
λȿȸ֡ʱλѾߣ֪óȴа취һܹȥȻдƣλȻҪռһҪΪõ뷨ǣȰ䳾İȫȻٴ㡣
ֺúã˵νĲϵһЩȡ֮ĻôֻҪһת˴˾ͿԻΪѣңӴ֮󣬾㲻һ֣ҲܵõһǿȻǸҲӹպδ˵
λ̣˵Ҳһֻݵľ棬ֻˡ
ȻǣԵĶԷȴһͷβĶԷ澹ȫûаȡ֮ңＫ˵̰ȴƫƫӲɫ󡣡
ʵϤԷ֮λֱӾͷˣתҲתˡȻڿθǸһ֣ǾͼȥλµһǲλУǲ͹£


469 ޵У
а۾Ц
˻߾蹫ԣȻ˶óλȻҵУ֮֮ȴҪǿ̫࣬ȻԪ˲䱬֮ʵֻҪָͷܹ֮裡˫ʵʵ⣬֮Ҫʤǿɱǲ죿֮Щķʵ
Ȥδ֪ķչѰζġа۾˵ѹԵѹȡʤʲôͷҪһ˵߶ԶҪ澳һ㣬֮ǰѾ˵ʵ׻ʲôֶθλ죬Ҳ֪ҲĸȤ
˵ܹ죬ôλҵʱ򡭡Ҷ֪ˡ
а˵ΪǵˣôҪôڵɱնݳԶɱͷѣһѣôҲǻ£¡
ҵݵλΪɱɱԭΪΪ˼ɵΪԼһħʵڵòʧҪһ㣬Ӵ֮ƱػԶ޷ԽΪǿµͷ
Դʱɱϲߡɳҿƽƽ˵ͬһλƻʱ򡭡Ҫѣȴ׵ˡ
ȻҺҪ۽½ԽύȴЩԸ⡭
ҵĻǷЩأҵǰìܣì֮ܰ˵йپˣ⣬ܹоǼҹүһԡ޵У
֮ǳ岻ȥλ棬ҲͰˣȻһؽ磬ôǼҹӶǳͷʹ
޷ںΪһˡ
а۾ȻһɫâݺύĿעҶЦȻּһ䣺ۣ֮ϳǼλ˵еĴڣҶܿ׼͸Ĵף˴֮⣬һ֮Уҿ͸ģԭֻһˣǵĹӣ׳
׳Ǽһǲҿ͸ҲͰˣϾ칫Ҳ˵֮ˣ˿ȴֶһλ
˵еĴڣµǸҲǴ˵еĴڣǺ½ռĴ˵أ֪ûأ֮Ҳ֪ˣ֪аǷԼҹӴͬһεǿߣȴһ鷳
֣蹫ԣ蹫˵Ĵ˵ڣҵ಻֮ˣҽ֮Ტۣǹ֪Ȼ㣡ƶ֮
֮Ҳ֪ԼȤķʽͷ࣬˵ˣ
аҲ֪Ƿбˣֻ˵Ļô˱Ķ֣
֮еľߣ
׳Ѿɳ޷ĵزλ㻹ܿԡһҪٹ۲һʱ䣬һˣ䵱һ㣬ܹԹ۲һλ˵ĵҲĪĻԵ
ˣоҵضһ¡
ŮȻλ֮ҲǺܿأ˱Ͼλڵͼλ֮ˣǱмޣԵҲûηϡ
˿λ蹫һ˵ĵȴǲɵö˼أá
ô˵蹫λ꣬޿κ֮ʣǼҹԮֵĸԭǣܹ֮͸棬ȴ͸ҼҹӣԹΪҼҹӶ棬Բˣ֮ѿʵ
аŭ˵ʲôұ۸˵Ѿͷ˵ſھҪ˼ôǧ磬쳾ʲôܹ۸а
аݺݵһֻһСģżȻرһ٣˶ѡ
Ůһ顣
Ǻǣȴ֪ӶԾ֮ʱܹ֮ܲ幫Լأ֮ϵ٩аУȴǶһ£аۣܹ֮͸׼֮κˣΨ͸׹Ӻͷ
£ô£ôأ
ѵ˵λǹүעĶ֣
֣
Ůһ֮ƶ֮˼һʱŮ˼
ۿŮ˼аƺµŮʲôŭһתָȻˣûκܹɱڳ֣ҲδػЩеͷǾͲöˡ
Ϊʲôɱǵ΢ĩʵҽĻһҲʹˣ
֮㲻ʵ
аһЦȴ˵ûн͡
Ϊ飬ŮΣǽͲġ


470 һ֮Լ
аֻ˵һ仰ܹɱǼҹӿͽңõȵڣ
׳ɲһɵӡ
оǣһɱ칫ҲɱǼһҹӵĳ˸ֲ࣬ͨ˽ڣһɣǷ֮Զɣ

棬ɸֵĿУԽԽǸоͷ궯ĵۻķŭơ
˵Ĳӣòɱ񶯣ίʵҪǰ֮ΪԼƾ鵤ѳֽ֮Уѡ
ĿҶЦһıһ취ڴ˼ʵΣĹؼʱ̣㻹ǺŽԼ£ʹڷתƵĵһʱ䣬ͽ˺µЩɱ֣¾ɼһߣ֪Ϸ򿴵Ƿ׼ȷأ
ҶЦкⱬ䣺Σ˵ʲô
ȻϷ򲢲ϣԼԪ޶ʵҲϣӵ鵤ϣ¼䣬ֻзһֵܹҩ
֮ҲϷǰеһݣƺϷֻܷǯһ·ϾϷ߱ץ˸ʵֻڷץסϷߵͬʱϷȴƺҲץס˷ߣЩ飬̫ںˡ
ͻȻúܷɣǳ˻䡣
ͬʱҶЦԭӸµİȻɫøϾ¾Ҫʲô˵װɣαĶȦӡ
Ͼ˵ǿ϶ɱģ㲻Ϸľôأ˷֮⣬йصˣҶҪɱǶԷ壬ȴûʲô壡ûˣɱֺη
һһһɱȥҿܹʱ治֪Ϸɱڼ˵ʱ򣬷Żıԣı̬أҺڴء
ĿٶȱɱȻ̧ͷңңעҶЦ鱦һɱ֣Լˡ
˼ԡ
Ҳ㣡
ҵϣ
ԾɱðңǲңҾɱˣɱһ㲻ҾһһɱȥɱΪֹ
͵ҪЮȫڣвȣ
ңҲҪңӦң
ˣҶЦɫڱˣúܲÿؿŲ죬ãٶȿȷȷҪôô
ЦһŷּʶˣԶϤϷ㣬ƣʵ̫ſˣ㱩¶ǰҿǲãǶԲſϷʲôˣϷµһˣƾһ΢ĩҲϷǰŪվҪ֪һ˵ô׾ͱƵģ
ҶЦ˵ͷһ˵ʵĲҪ㣬Ϊ̫ڱǣ˼ȷʵץסҵ㡭һԥǷҪƴƣԳµһˣ½Ĵ˵ڡԾɡˣ
Ȼ̾˿ƺѾް취
쵭ЦЦʶʱߣΪܣ
ҶЦһһ£죬ôвȣҲܡȻԳµһˣһΪʵ˿ɼɣܹһƻĲ˺֮£ұŵʮöٵٿԪݣΣ
仰һ˵ڳ˾ɫ죬λ񣬶Щ֡
ʲô˵ƾ֮ڵʵҲֻԪƷڳô֮УֻµţΪѾԽ˺޵ԪƷ޴Ĳ࣬Ҫ˵һơһƣýҲɱ
λҲ׻к壬Ϊ̨ףԼȫһµİȫֻǣѾȴҪӣȻһ־硱һİ취ΪԼɡ
һƣֱݺοܸ˼ô˺
㣬Կʼ͸ɸɴĴӦ˼ҰæǻλµһǷһ飻һϵ޼֮ˡ
Ȼλô壬ٻҪһ½Ӱ⣬ҪԸʱܲٹ˼һЩһ˵鵤ôҲ˼¾ˣ˴˴пܺճ
ɵãΪԼһӣһơսԼĺôȫˡ
˼ң˼Ʒӡֱǳֺá
ĿкһϷƷҲãΰҲգֲܻۣ
Ȼĳˡ


471 һ
ΧһΪ֮̾Ϣݺƽճʹ˶͡
ִˣôϷӦսԼվһôҪ˵һƣһƣһǧƣΣ
Ȼ˵ӯš
ҶЦ΢Цãʹ۶
Ц²˵վЦɣʵĲҪ˼̫ࣻ˼ɵԽܱ࣬ץסҲԽ࣡ڵ㣬֮ңΪһ㣬׾ӵսԼһƣйͷĲô
ٸһ仰ںĶԽ࣬ҲԽ࣡ץסĻᣬҲԽ࣡ЦڣԺҲᱻץסЩ㣬һˣԶˡ
һϯļʮλ󳬼˶Ŀһ
仰νˡ
ԺӦòʲôֶζԸλأ
İæԸǲԸܲ˼ԶԸˣǣǿԶԸģҿ㣬ѵͲô
⣬ⷬͬʱǱһ⣺ȻλңǣԺʲô飬ҶְæģǾԷĴ󵨵һҪɵ飬ȫҪ˼ɵҡ
ҶЦվ΢ЦƺԲȫ黳Ȼµһ֣ǺơãǾô˵ˣֻҪһƲҾΪһΪ׷
΢Цúãʹһ۶ҲһƲʲôϷһƣԶһӴ֮ȴҲûƤڽˡ
ҶЦŲǰУԳ磬תһƣᾡƽ֮ȫͷٻҪҰܣ
ԹЦǹ䣬ȻϷˣֻǷǰǣϷʲôطֶǽղ˵벻˵һǷǧԼѻʯʯȻȴδܴ棡
̬ⷬȣҿɲκ飬ԼҪСԱУ
ҶЦ˿Ϊ裬һЦɾҪʼˣСԴ
ţݵ˵ɣ
ҶЦһЦ𣬰Уһ֮ʣһֻƺȻڣ֮£ԵþӨ͸
ð۵һֻơ
޳ָƤδĴһ㣬Ϊϸ
գ䣬ֻƵ䴦ǰĿ򲽾ͷ
ЦţԾĿǰ˿ҲԼͷ⺷Ȼһơ
һƣû˿ľ粨
ȻһƵޡ
֮ղƵ㾡ȫȫ£
˶ڿš
ע⿴ˣһ֮Ǹ˵еĲ죬ɣ˵£Ͽգаע˫ĿȫעĿš
֮ƶ֮һ죬һʱ䶼֪˵Щʲôˡ
ԷΪһ£ڳܵǷʶȫڵġ
ǿֻ˵۴κνǶһƶǺģ
ӵƮƮһƣҪ˵ǴˣǴӬҲδܴ
аƾʲôô϶
ŮתаǾԼĿⲻдǸ۹ⲻԼǿô࣬ܿԼȫĶ
аÿˣ֮ɣһ£ǲλӴ˾Ϊ˵ĹߣԲ˵ʵʵҲ֪ʲôֶòأһ֮ǾаգһƻвģԼ˳ΪһͷβЦ֮⣬ʲôöûУ
ˣǾԲᱻǯƵģ
λΪˣһεĸˣǲɱ죬Ͳĳ棬ǸǹӱȽйͬԣҪ⣬÷ôĻͣŶǼįİ
ŮԲݺݵضаһֽۣĿװط֮ǱߣĵأԸ̣ʲôģǸƫƫҪһȵ̬ƣ㻹һ֪֮빫ƽ԰ޣӣҲҼҹƽ㿴Ȼ֮󣬴˵ģݺݵ̭㣬޵ݣԣױ죡
а˵Ů޾ĵڣҶЦֻƣڽӴ͸ٻҪһ˲ģͻȻɫýȻâ
һ̣ƽܱ˵˼¡
ڲͷϣƺȻһ΢͵̫
ҲƵľ嶯򣬾ֻҫһŹâ


472 һƴ
Ϊ˵Ĳ˼ʶҲеģһ̣ԸоϷڼ˹ǿ͵ĹƣԷΪȻ˹˼£ȻǳԽ˼޵취ŴˣҲ޷вԼ
ңȫܹоϷֻ̺Ϊʲôز
ܶԼκв
ĹԼĻܶƲ
ԲԾΡȻ
Ѿ׼ˣǶԤˡ
һ֮ӦһʲôĿǣ٩ѵλ䡣
ҲԴҲκҪ򡭡ܴ򵽵ģ
Ϊٵ֮λ鱦ķȻҪΪΪصĴۣ
ˣǻţδģһֻ
Ŀ֮£ǻһ̫âĽɫƣȻ£
鱦˽ֵĵ֮С󳬼ϷҳмĿֻۡһ䵽˲ͷϣ
䣡
ǣ
Ŀ֮£һ׮˹졢ֲԲ÷Ӳܷ飬ͻȻ
λµһֲԴô׵ģһûѩ򣬷ŵ˻¯һ
һʹըˣ
ͬʱƺȻȥδֹݿһһ·£ɢҫ۹âĽɫƣԲԴΪ㣬һ·ֱ˲ţŲϰҲϡã
Ѫ۵ķɽڵϣЩѪ㣬ɵʮ֮⣡
һϮ£ɲǼͱѪ£
óûбĻܣǽеȫһ֮ϣ
Ϲһۣһƣ
ۣ
ڵϣջֻѾѪƣԼǰ˿ѾѪѪ֡
˿̵ķ֮裬⣬վڲǰ
Ѿ˵ǡǰΪԴ˼Ѿȫѳֻ˵վڲġǰֻ˵ǡ֮ǰ
ΪȻվţϣòѾûʲôʣˡԭ壬վҶЦǰֻһ߰ĺӣվһǰ
˴ͷ
һ֮࣬ʬȻҡһ£άվˣҶЦȴһ䵭Ѫ֣һָڲʬһ£վŲô£
ʬӦ
ۣ
λµһֵĲʬصˤڵ棬⣬ѿɢ
ν˵еĴڣ½ĵһ֣죬󳬼˾Ŀ֮Уһڵϣڲ֮УȻɵ뵽һ£ԭµһ֡һˣʬҲһòƻҪһ㣬ȫʬ
Ұ
ǣôôܣ
ôܷ飿
˶оԼҪˣ
Ѿˣֻ߸ΣȻε˻һĻ
Уµһ֣˵еĳڣ쾹ȻᱻһƴȫʬңǱһԪƷһƴ
ôܣ
˫ʵʵ⣬žһٸȫһҲδܹò°벽ɣ˿ֲһˣôô׵أ
ֳһƬž
ţ
鱦ˣ󳬼ˣֻˣ˼һ㶵ĵ۾ԺУֻһƬհס
ȫ֪Լʲô
ȻҲ͸ûע⵽˿̵ĿУһһЩЩһ΢΢뵹Ķңɲʧˡ
ʶĻûʶģ֮һƬʬѪĳأƺͻȻ䡭һһ㡭
ҶЦü
Ȼеվǰʬ壬Щ˵ӦøĵġٶһʵҵһУǱΪߣʮٱǧˣҲ޷£ο㲻ֻԪƷӹߣˣĴ˵ҪϾ㣬дձ£
֪ǣ֪ԽܶԼԣҲֻΪԼѾ벻ȥʲôˡҳȫ㣡
仰Ǹղ˵ȻᱻҲᱻЦ
ΪǲʵʵĴ󻰣Ц޻̸֮
˵ȴûκɡ
ʵȻǰʲôɵģ
˾̲סһʶĵһ
iϡУ˾ؽ˳˳
򲽾ʬ塣
һߣǳŵҲ뷨
ԲףжȻèڣ
ֻҪھͿʼ鲽ʬ壬һԼĳΣ


473 ѻʯ
һȷλûʵйôѪϴ鱦ӣ
ڶԣͻȻ֧
ǲݵѪ
˳˺ޣԶûаݵĿܡ
ںǳţʮλһͬʱΧ£ۿŵϲҲ̶áòĲʬأԲţ⣬ǲô
µһֲʬô
ǲпðƻأ
ðƻԼŪԼȥɣ

Ͽա
ƶ֮֮㶼ʶʹԼ۾
һֱڣʵǰˣŮԾɲţ޷ţλȻĽһɱˡ
ôģôܣ˫
Ůͬʱа
ͷһΣλ蹫ӲĪ뷨ѵһֱװɵز©
λ蹫ӸղŲ˵ˣλһõȻλˣ
ôһ£˵˷֮֮⣬ڳģû˭ܱλĪ蹫Ӹ˰ɣ
ǲôңаһЦûְ
Ůۡ
˵ϻǻ֪û֡
ˣȻΪٸߣ˴ôľ룬ܲһЩ˿ڵǡûпܷ飬ȴǷˡ
ţղ˵ʲôʲôû֣Ȼ˵û֣˵Ҳ֪׷ʲô£
ŮʲаȻԤϵ˽ȴûп֮赽εֵġһֵ룬ӦǳλɢŽϣ貽ãΪǿɱΪڱ˵ߣһƻвӦʲôֶΡ
Ʋ⣬ӦûбĶ
ĳֻĳ£ֱһֱصɱﵡ
ʲôûаҲһơ
˶ûпԭ
ԼˣȻҲûǾ̫ˣ
ʲôȻܹڸżص࣬һƴأ
飬аôô⣬˼⡣
ԼҪôϢİһˣҲǾԲܵһ£
λʲô취ȴȫƵ£Ȼȫ޷ĵˣһƾ͸ˡ
ֺֹǴ棬Ǵ˵
ֱ񻰹£
аҪ֪ģǡλһƬ֮У̲ʲô
ʲô
֪ҶЦǶλǱΪߣʮٱǧˣҲ޷¡˵ģһһȲǿǧĳǿߣ治֪аθأ

ҶЦһ֮࣬ĵδûһ亹
ۿµʬ壬أ
ˣ
ˣ
ҶЦſռմȾѪ۵ĵ֣Щʵĸо
ڸղţҶЦͻȻʩչƽ֣ͷųĿڱߵͬʱͽ
ڽӴͷһ˲䣬ȻҶЦ֮£Ҳûֻ˳ȥҶЦһģ
һȻǵֳ׵ɢƣΪһ
ڶǲԹϵӲңΪһš
ǰ˵ġѻʯͦеġΪҶЦĵȷȷáһѡġ
ֻǣ˭û뵽šѡôӲ
ʵֻ֤Ǻܼͦģ
һ֮£û˵ֱӻɢòֲȻ
ʵ֮е飬֣ǽŽǼһҲĳݡһգǣ
ȻȻ֪Ī󣬵ڡġĹУҶЦ亹ҲһͻȻչզ죿
ʵ֤ܷǳ൱رļͦҲӡ
Ҳо޴ջġҹôˣô˵ĻǱɱ֮ƯڰգΪһ
ֻǳôһΣѾеȫչ
ûа˷ѣ
ҶЦ֮࣬ԵָЩСûô⡣
ȫעһط

ںǳŵһɸһ˼ʾΧŲʬ壬һϻǳ˲ţЩŭ־壡
λȻҲܸ
ôԼǡ
û뵽λǰһλӣֻλ˸˵λǰ֪Լȴ˶ԼһλʿһλˣҶԲǰ˾֮飬ڣ߷ڸֱʷ罣ĵǰˣίʵѾˡ
ѾˣҲûʲôɡ
ŷ鲢ïĽưʵɵˣǺ۾


474 ҵ
λ߷ڸʷ罣ĵĲǰǱѾģ
ùƣ˼Ҳֲֹֻվﱻ
㰵ˡȻȻ佱˼ҡ
վ˵ô
Ҫ֪һ˶ԡô佱㽫һ仨ˣֻˣ
˵ɴ棬˵漣񻰣Ծûô
ûκ壡
ֻλأ鲢ï˵ǰǧһŵǵĶԼҲλ֤ȻԴ˽ҺźҲܱǸⶫϾ˫ϵĶԼǰѾϣ˶Լλֲ᲻˰ɣ
գգ۾ţ󳬼ɵ۷ǣǾԲòǰ֮ߵġ
밡鱦󳬼ɣνԩ޳𣬽飬Ѿȥˡȥ͹ȥɣǲʹ˽ҹӴ֮ɽˮ·Զ·;ΪҸ˵ǳϣλѣһʾͲôӴ˺빲εգ硭
˸˵ţ˵˵ţۿҲˡ
·ĺܶ˵
ŵĸΧ£һŲҲ̶õĲкλĳ˸ݽȴֻоͷһһļ
զ£
ôզ£
ôĽǵͷ˾ôһˣȻǻ빲εգ磿
ɵȱˣǵɵȱˣ
Բۣ
ôĵզģ
鱦󣬹Ȼһ֮ܣҲܽǼȫɵưɣ
֮裬ΪҲδ̫˰ɣλϿŲʬ壬βסıߣ
Եǲ˼㡣
ǣڶԣȴһ޿ȡػ
ܵĴνױȵľ޴ģ
λȻÿ춼䲽죬˲Լǰһ̣Ծɽܲˣ
ұɣôôһ㶼ûоأǺǣǣߵڰ׻ǷǣһѺ֣£ˣȴҲ伫
ҶЦüǺű΢Ц˹֪֮󳬼ţѵԸķĸ֣Ҳ֪ô
ʮλ˾ѣȴһʱƿԡ
Ķȷ֮ǰǲ֮䶨ĶԼ
ĿͬΪ֤
ҲȷǾֻһƣһƵĿǱɱ죬첻ܣܶԼȴһ֮¾ôڷֵܹ˭
̣Ҷǵˣװף
˵ǰèҲûС
ƺţҲߣò˵˼ҷ֮εıɣɣ
˳˺ޣתأ鱦󣬴Ӵ˲ݣһλ϶ҶЦһһִ˳
ӮܽҲֻӲ
ڲŲôѵ˵鱦֮ǰԭѺõôԭô˴˹ϵô
ҶЦ˫ָ۾΢΢оǣڣô䲻ֻ˵ǿ鱦۸˵Ÿ޼ɵӮҪ
¶һЦνԳ磬Ȼ˲ݵԾ£͵ݰɣҲģĲ⣬ǣҪվŲӲҵҹƽսãǾùƽսûаգԼһȺҲУ
˵գֻҶЦ˫һֻͬʱ¶˳ֻɲ֮䣬ټȻҫĿԡ
棬󳬼ţϹʮ˾֮ٳ֡Լͬһ
ȻƣνµһֲΪһƱ
λʵΪ׸ߵʲôز
ΪסԷһƣԼܹܵסô
˾һͷǴ˿̳ȥĻʲô
ҶЦɭȻ˵ҵһȺȺŹԼǱһĶҹûɴɱ䣬ʹһսǲҪô
һɣɱ磬ȻһնĿ˳ȥ
һͻȻ䣬˷жǸоƶ𵴡
ǵصɱɽһϯԳʮλԪ߽׸֡
һ̵ɱͬʵһ㣡
һɻ֮гļĺϢÿ˶ǸоëȻ
ȻмλԪʦ֣Ϊտͻļ֮ǲļ˼¡
һ۾ǰķвε¶Ȼ֮ɫ
˶ʶһ㣺ԭλһʼʵ


475 壡
ԭλʵȻﵽȾ춯صĸز
Ҫڲ֮ϣ
ҪȻҲһ֮£ͽһȫأ
Ļ߻٣ϯصȻƣȴǾ޷ٵģ
Ƿݲб׺ƢܹǵɱǾ˼ٵģ
ΨһĵλܲӦεƣΨ൱Ϊһ̶ȵɱ¾Ȳս֮ǿɱ
λ˿ϱֳɱƥ޶ԣ
ɱ¾ʮˣδܹ
ɭȻɱĺһˣ
Ǵ˵еġ֮ɱ졯λϺȻһһ˫۾ѾɵͬһĿǰķȻǱԼǼ˵ˡ
ͻȻз޺ڣ
뵽ġ
뵽İ
֮֮ǰɱΧʼ̸Ц˵СƼһɱն񾳵أܵǹƥͥŲ߽
ûоԵţôôôὫԼڱ֮أ
ڣڼ˲£Ȼɱ֣Ĺأ
֮䷴תƣɱԼ֮˷У
ʵ˶һص㣬ǾǷ֮ûоԵİգҲҪȫ˵ֶţתƵĻһʧǽԼڱ֮أ
ûݰգôô
ͬĵû൱İգôµһֲ춨ĶԼ
ԭ˼Ҳʤȯգ֮ǰ֣棬˾Ūڹ֮Ϸ
ڡڳԷһ㣬գƸ¥κκ˼ԴɫΪʲô֮⣬ԭܼ򵥣֮֮ͬ߱ܣֻһֱز¶ײԣ緭Ƹ¥֮һ㣡
һˣвɵһ̾Ϣն¶Լʱ˶ΪλǷˣһԵſЦ
ԭ֪ڲ֪ףڿЦڶԼһʼʱ򣬱ѾעȪĽ֣
Ⱦ춯صΪȴǰϻĻ쵰ǲǲ͹£
ҶЦݺᣬӸµǰɵĸ֣ɫȻȴɱ
˼Ȼڶ㣬ٵķһվһԨsţ޿ɺ˼£
ӢĪҵ
ͬʱǰǷݺɱ¾ɱҲ֮Ȼ
һ̣ҶЦԼһָоֻҪԼԸ⣬ȫһ˲£
ǳ󳬼ţϹʮλԪ߽׸֣ÿ˵ΪҶЦʵΪϣ
ǰֻһ˵ǰĪ˵û˸ûκһ˸Ҵ
һɪɫ԰ף£ǲʬ壬ǰ֮ȻǰأȴҲûһ˸˵һ确ѩޡĻ
˶оͬѩɽ֮һĸо
ǹɳǵıӯ
С
аͫ׶Ȼһ
עĿķ¶һɾɲɫ૵˵ɱŨ棿ֱɱ¾µİɱ֮ʿӵơɱȻ켸ħͷȣֻҲѾ˶١ͣôģ˷ѽⰡ
ѵ⺮½Ѿɱ鲻ˣΪ񰡡
ӾɲĿţſںҲ²⣬ܲš
ƣҲδ̫˰ɣаֹܿóֻƣΪξȻȻĪʮ㣿ôʵأȫΥ
ѵУҿĶеĻʲôأ
аٴȫۣ֮ϸӷ֮裬ϧܹģԾֻһģӰ߾һƬ硣
Ծȫ
գգаͷƤ֮һһδɾͣӦǾ
֮ƶ֮ŮҲΪһĻ𶯡
ķԼҹӡ
ȻһͷĵȻ𣺹ӡʱûƣûǣûɱûĳɾͣ
ôһ֮£ŮͻȻЩëȻĸо
ֻϧĳ̫ǳǵͼλʼղĹӵܣӲ֮󡣴֮гɳȻһ棡
аԼͣٶȳڳ޵ӵһˣǼҹ£һֱƾеĵжȥĻ˵δǳɾ֮䶫ϱָĴһҲǺ⡣


476 ϧĶ
ֻϧڵûĻᣬûʸǼҹӣΪһֵĴٽԸһ˶Բյ̨ʱҲҲҲ֮κΡ
а̾Ϣһ
Ǻź飡
ƶ֮֮˴˶һۣ˶ԷеΡ
ǵģڵ״λίʵҪĻĻҪııҪֶֶΣҪкҪֹдֹۡ˵߱һǿӦþ߱ĻҪأ
ǣΨһȱǡλʵ̫ˣֱѾǵ޿ɵͣ޿ٵͣ
Ҫ֪һ˵һ֮Уһλǿߵһ֮УҪģͲѣǼˣǺգǡ֣
һλ൱ֻҪŬͻᱻԷƲ׷Ķ֣
ֵ໥ٽÿνޱȿֲģ
һ֣ÿһǿȴɵõ
ڵĴܹ֮Ϊ۷ĴڣҪΪĸˣʱ˴֮ǻ䣬Ȼһʱ·磬֮ƴϣԽԷϳĶԷͬٽɥֻ׷
˾ôһ·ϳ壬ÿ˶ѹΪĿ꣬î˾иڵڣɾͶϱľף
һֱڣ˴˻ǴڻǣƣսķΧ䣬԰ܣ
ԣĸԻԹĽռ䡣
ԼҹӣȻΪ츳֮ˣȴȱһܴӸ涼ܹ˿Ķ֣
޵įģûжˣߴʤǷݹ¼ŷܹᣬˣػ뵽رԼļֶΡĶ֣ôڰ׹˵ûرһģѡرԶ֮ѡ
һܹ۷֮ӣֻǷȱһݶǰĶ˵֣
Ķڳˣȴǳȵ͵λ׽֮С
ƵʵΪ֮һ̾
ȵһɳΣ׹ӷͥĵز
Ҫأ
ֻ˵ĵȵǸʱ򣬲ֹǻƻ˶ˣҲĻƻˡҲˡ
ƣʵʵΪշ;ܲǳаüͷ˵ֻʮˣûԸڿռϷ磬һо֮УһƵƵķϣֻҪκһƴһֻҪһֻֽϻʱԭα¶ԿʼջλҪôӦԻ˵üΣĳأ
аȥ޼ƿʩ
ȻǽԼλĴӦǰ棬˿̣ԼѾˣ
ǡλԻк֣ӦΣֻǣǺʲôأ
֣˼Ѿȫ˳ȥƽ˿̾ϻأҲԷӶãױԷʵ
涾ȻԵ֮ǰѾʹã˿ӦҲˣ޶ࡣҶֶܷɢȻöҲûá
ҶĵĽ䱸ӵ˵ġ
ʵ𿴴˿ƺƴʵͲӦǰΣ֡
Ȼʱס˵ˣʼôҪȥҲ޷˴˳ͻ޷⣬ǻġ
ʱ򣬿ɲװģܹˡ
аģ֮ռϷ磬Ūǿѹ˵Ҳ֮Уָ߳ôŨɱǻ㣬һ󳬼ˣԾΣתأƴһùĲ֮ô

·֮˹ȻѾǽܲסˡ
ǳһ˻ǿһЩĵ׻Щֻ˼ϾڵػǿǿߣôǳȻпɽԾɱѹƵúܲҡ
˼ʲˣȻЩϧ֮УȴҲһ
һˡ
ǳȻڼʱ֮ϣֻҪʱգź½һſ϶ûʲôˣ
Եģڷ֮ȴǽܲˣ˾ɥ
άȡ
ߣǾԲɵģ
ػ񲽾ԼЩȴνžߣ
ȥϻİƤ
ǡô
ս
һķ֮ս
춼ˣԼ˻սƨ
ǲǾսѾ
ٷְٵԲΪ
ҶЦʮתһȦλߣѵҪһô
λ鱯Īɱǵˣѵһ仰Ҳûнɣ
ߵζʮ㣬ɫ̬ȴ˭Ҳó
Զ׼ľҪһһ㽻ͳɣ


477 һ
ʲôҶЦƫƫ˷ۣ˵ѵ˵ɱ˾Ҫнôֻһ䣬µһ˲죬һĴ˵֮ɱ˳֮òƾûж˭йɣҼǴô
λϺ˵Ȼ񹦸Ͼ˰ɣ˽һƣڻûǷĶֻ֣Ҫ鱦½ȥȴʲô̫ѵ飬һڣô
ҶЦкһҪ鱦󿪲ȥôвˣ
ɫתΪбЦЦ컹Ǹһѣѧвˡ׼ҺںӵҺϧЩǲǣ
ǺЦЦָָϲʬ壺вң԰ȻҲѧһвңҽǵвһǰԼֻҪܹһƲҾ͸ǽһ˽Ӳ£һϣһһҶԣû̫𣡡
â䣬λ˵ĳϣɱΣֻҪѸղǾ仰ٸ˵һսԼǶˣ
λ˲ʱɫɷףٱɱһ壬ȻֽҰ׶ްѪɫƿԣȴΨ©йһְǷ֮豩ɱˡ
ƣװģȻܹȵزģҲǧŵһˣ׳ٷǵǰֻ»ǾģϣаԵ̾һ䣬һߵۡ
ƽĶۣôһǿиɵļһȻʮһĻһҲҶ
δżδаҲţ֮£Ȼȼ˹һ鷢
˾ǷǵǰǾģ
ӻûأ⸱УҪ涯ֱ֣ˣĴϽ̧ʬˣãͲʬΣˣҶЦĿӵ˻òƷ֮ʣȻһ˳ȥ
ϣʬӦƶߣȻ˸ٶصأ
㣡̫
ʬոضɵ˾ͶȥȴΪ˼ҶЦġһơ֮ûҵһʱȲ챻Ƶʬ֮䣬ʬٶأһƣȴǴڳһصĶ⣡
ΣʼԼ˴еͷˡӣʬ徹裬˭ʲȥġ
ʮˣܵΧڲʬΧγһȦҶЦγɶ֮ơ
˿Уǳ˷ߺ޵Ĺʡ
ѾЩȥ˼ޣУ¶Ĺʡ
䱻Ī羡һһͬھۿžҪλƴˣ
ƴһƣ
ȻʱһƵԴӲƵʬ·˳ʮͬһʱѭͷȥ
оϣ漣֣粻ºУ״˵
Ȼķǲһɺ̴Ӳʬð˳ֻһ˲֮䣬ͽʬ˾У
˼ʬԱߣ߽ûʲô룬ټеķ֮Ķλϣκ˶뵽ѾһĲ£Ȼٶȳֱʣðĺ
һ̣ʮ˶һĴֵ̳ʱԼȫ£Ѿ֣
һ֮࣬ɫԼͬ˲ʱұ䣡
ľ
Щ˿ͼʶλֹɱ֮ǰ֮ԳٳûгǼɵ֮ǰ֮λɢüһǷ鱦Ԯ֣شԭ֮軹ʣ涾ûãȻˣһҲȫעעţš
Ψֱ涾մ
ֻҪֺ̳֣˾ͻڵһʱ伫ٺ󳷣
Щ˵ʵۣ˲䳷ʮɣǲΪѵġ
ǶȻϬԵȴٶԳٻԼɱΧ޵ȱݣֻҪС䱸εҲǶԼá
ֻǣһֱţǹ涾ȴһֱûг֡
˺ʼ˲ĶԼ˶Ϊ֮ѾЭˣȻʱҹﻹδȫ½ģԽ䱸
һڼȵ֮£ԭ಻ķ֮и
ٵִǹལѹȣǡܡ˷֮ġʵʵһ۷ֵķ緶һʶΪ֮豾ʵ㹻¾˼Ⱦ춯صΪ춼һԸԼЩˣҪö֮ǰԶɱˣʵʵһֶΣȻѾչʵʵȻҲͲҪöЧԻֶΣ


478 Ҳɱ
һ룬Ȼӽԭ涾
ǵλϵĽһ貽ʬ壬ǿҵķŭ̼֮£ԭķ֮ģѾǳͷβûˣ
ƫƫʱ˾ۼһ׼ֶԸλֵʱ򡭡ٶȱˣ
ϣȫ޷
󳬼ţڳˣһ©
ȫж
ܵʱµ飬ôϣȴ֮еķˣ
һ̣ͬʱԼ֣
˿̣ɵ˿ɲֹˣ鱦ɱǣһ˵ȣ˼ҲĿĿɿڴڿԵעһĻĳ֪֡ԭһʼûдȥ
һʼʹ㾡ɱ֮
һˣѾıɱ֮ڣǰ˵ƣ˵װģ˵ߡﶼǻӣ
Ϊһ̵棬Ŀģһ̣ûܹ涾һȺʮλ۷֣ͳͳ
ɱ
һݣ󻼣
ҶЦɷѿĵĳ붾ȴҲһֻõöǰԸɱ֣Ѿõöֻʣһţһţȴǽ󳬼ŵ۷ʵһɱ
ͳɼЧۣһţΪֵã
ڵһöûˣ
ڷô䷢ģ˵ûжˣϵ£֪ǶϬ̶ȣԼԽ֮иţȴָ仰ˣһˣ
Ϊĳ˵ӣԼڴﻹװżٿǧŰɱó٣⣬ûˡҲŻһľ棡
ţţŰ
֮ǰ˷֮ûжˣȫˣû⣬һûУ
һƬ֮ʣ͸ֻ˫ָĿ䵭Ĺߡ
УпᣬȴҲûֻ޾ıѩȻ
˵ߣ浱˵˵ôӣ֮аȻͬﴵ硣
֮ǰǣûҶЦЦ˵ΪǺ½󳬼ŵˣҾͲҶˣ
Ϊ󳬼ɣܳԶˣ
󳬼ɸ˼ǧƣȻҡײƭҶЦĿ⼥ֻ˵ǴˣǵȥĴ۰ɡ
ʮ۾ĵ˾֪˵ʲôˡ
˿̣ÿ˶ѾоԼϣѾʼ
ȫ
ͷ۾ӣ䣬ͣšһֱѾʼ
һ˱˷޷͵ĸо
мǰ֮ԾĿţƴ˹ѹƣԼҪȥӡ
˿ĶΨֽһУû˿
Ǿֻʣ۷ߺ޵ضǰλ
Լͬ˶ڴ˿¶˾ġ
ǱضҪҲҪʱᣡ
תΪѹƶЧÿ˾ֻʣһˡ
һ֮۵˱ҲܲסѾˡ
һԲʧ
һҪ֣ûз
ҶЦĿֻν˴ˣұҲôɱ֮ˣձ֮ǰѾ̫ˣɱЩ˵ҲЩµĿˣ¹Ȼ裬ȴû˺ˣǱ˴֮ҲûвܻмڴˣҲԲҪǵֻҪ
һ£˵ֻҪǴӦ˴Ӵ֮ԹˣͿǰһŽⶾӴ˺ɽˮڡ
һ磬ȴһƣ˲ʱɢ޾˼ֵķͷʱһ͡
עĿλ
ܻţ˭Ըأ
ɱ֮ܽ⣻ܽȴԲ鱦ķΪⶾʹóġʩ߱нҩΪƬ¼ΨһһƳ񵤵Ĵ棡
ܽ⣬ǲ֮Ҳû˿Խȣ
˲뵽ֻҪܹȥԺգ˵ԣ˴˶Թ壬㲻ԣӽ֮ҲٲλԡΪԣ̫ˡ
ȴԹĵҶЦȻڵͷԸͽ뷨ɫȴرˣֻҪܹŻȥôȻҪб㲻ܸɵ֮裬ҲҪ鱦ˣ
ȻҪ鱦ĸ𣬱ѩޣ


479 ɱ
У۲ȡֶμλҲǾƲȥ
յĴѶϣעȻĽ֣
ҶЦˣҪ͸ÿ˵ģ˴˼Ѿ˵ֻ۾ؿϵĵͷʾ⡣ͷϣǿѾ顣
ǶͬģǾͺãҪԴˡҶЦ˵Իĵͷӻȡһֻɫĳƿƿڣһ죬ĺɫҩ˸ĹâڵϹһء
ϰٿš
ǽҩˣҶЦ˵ӦжԹģԼȡһŰɡ
˵꣬λζ˳֮⣬ߡ

ʮۼ鵤ǰǶʳһ㣬óһţһ־ϵ鵤
Ψһĳֻᡣ
ûЩҩ֣һλᣬȫбҶЦͷϣƴơ
˿˽ҩ֣ÿ˶ҪڵһʱԵҩʶضóȫĲӳǰٶȣ
ƴļƣɢһصҩһץмţֱӱٶȣ̵֮˶
ÿ˶Ԫ֣ΪεģҲԪƷ붯ٶȺε֮죿
ʱҲͲգգ۵ʱ䣬˾ͶǱһŵ̬˵ҩ
ȫͷ㣬ϴֻӦгʮŵĵҩû˷ãһЩۻģɴཫЩҲ˹ȥ
Ľⶾ鵤ǷƷǱȫɽٶɵҩ˭˵׼ԺͲжˣ
һҩϣб޻ġ
˵ˣ֮Ȼ˵˫Ӵ˶Թ˭Ӧˣ
ֻǵ۾ͷȴûгӦ㣬˵ʲôˣ
ԣԺǻǵжԹϵ
ҩĶҲˡ
ֻǣΨһҪǣҩЧôǶ֢ҩô
ĿڳݻǺб֤ģҩȻЧЧ
ңЧͼӰģֻǲȥҩûн븹УּµȻѾֹͣˡ
ڣ󷽼ȻѾĳŵ˴˶ԹȥɣԺ󽭺ϣλֽѡź΢Цݲȵ˵
ԹʮͬʱݺݵضҶЦЩĵķԸ֮Ϊ֮ˣҲ⣬м߸ǺͻأԹ쳤Цˣɣ
ŶҶЦ۾һС
޼ɵؼ̤ǵϣصǵļֶ֣ǵ˸ǴӴ̧ͷѵΪһ֮һоͶôܵǵ裿˵
ҶЦɫʱһתĿֺ˸ǵ˼ǡ»ޣữ⣿Ҫ֮ǰĳŵԣ
˾ǺݺݵĶ
ҶЦĵͷȻ־ڣѪԵĽúȻǷĳˣֻڿҲǹ˵˵µġ
֮軰δ䣬ͻȻһ
Բۡ⡭һ֮࣬˺Ƽ˹һ㣬һζΪִ壬Ȼܹ˼
ŸǶˣµЩɱǣȫһ˹ı顣
ˣһɫҰףҡҡ׹
ԭʵǡأźݻŵĸǣһȻڳҧгݵ˵ǵ˵ǵϵļ⣬Ȼڽεĸã
Ѿʼһһĵ
һλڵĳϣֻ˵һ仰ԣգ˳˺ޣɽˮһ죡
˵˳˺ޡʱ򣬱Ѿ˵ʱֻžž䡣ȵ˵ɽˮʱ۾ɴѾڵ˵һ仰һ졯ʱ򣬾촽žžڵϡ
ֻʣһû˰ѪͣײҲҵڿϣأԻٷ
ǣ븱ѾҪûˣԼȴǺ
Ȼڶ񶾵ţвš
ֹŵҲӡ
һ˵µļôµ
伡һ䵽棬˲ͻŧѪ
ʮˣ·һãһ㼡ⶼûˣëõĵˣ࣬ȫûˡ
ֻʣʮǼܣվţ
ĹѾʮϰꡢѸྡʬȴȵվţ


480 Ѫ
ȹֲ˹ĳ棬Ȼڹ컯֮³֣Ȼ΢СһЩˣ¿֮Իᵱ
ңڵÿһǼģȻˣһҲͷƤ飬ɸһĲ
˵ˡ
һ̣е˵ͻȻʧˡ
ȻʱʤһоڲУ
󳬼ţϹʮλ֣Ѿ˵Ǹ֣Ӧ˵ǸֵĹǼܣô鱦Ժվš
ֻǣҲû˿Ϣ
һֱԼ֪ԼôģֻӦ˵ǸͲ֪ԼѾˡ
ô֪ʧȥ


һͻأеĹǼܾ硰ɢһأһ紵ȫƮɢĲҰ׷۳
ڵ˺һ㣬أ΢΢Ʈ
ԭΪһݹȲսᣬսǻΪ촷ۣ
ԭֻΪΪ촷ֻǻС˵ϵĿ˵ԭνΪ촷ۣڵģ
м֤һĻ⣬üһ¶ʹĸĭأԾʺɬ඼Ҫֹͣˡ
ŻŻŻŻȵܲסŻ൨Ҳ˳ֻµذ޹
飬ʵʵڵǰϰŻˡ
ϰǧҲôֻǽĴϲ󱯴ŭ󾪴֣ĵ߳ʵǳת̫ˣ
ŻŻŻŻ֮УҲв̲סתͷȥŻ¡
˽֮󣬹ڽ󼸸µʱۻصģʲôʳһʳҲûˡ
Ƶˣ˿עأ׿ǰķӰǾη־塣һȥµľη
žĿ˳˵֣˴˵еĶħҲûд˿𺳿ֲ
֮󣬿Ժܿ϶˵һ䣺ͷͷȫȡĵλֹСҹ䣡
ԣѾҪȷƸ¥ҪӿµĴڣ
µö࣡
ҶЦأվţǰһȺˣӻ˱ˣٱ˹ǻңȥɫʼ˿δ
ãЦһҵҩô׳ԵõģǻΪһͻȻĴŻɽɵǽҩĵزڽϻô꣬Ȼô뷨˭ءֻһۣˣʵǲ񣡡
˶ӱðһ⡣
ԭһʼûЩȥ
ղһ۷ˡ
Ȼǲ
ȻȻЩ˵߽ܳǵܣٻǱһЩֵܹȻֻȫʢ֮ʱɣôһ֣һԾɱκһˣ
Ȼɱ֮ģȴҪرһԱ̬ĴѶϣŪһ˴˶ԹȫԣȫǸǡҩ̵ѡ
֮Ȼ֪ǽҩǱ֮ǰҩҪӿֲͶ
֡ͶҪڷȥܼЧԣǳȥȻûȻˣ
ͶˣȻɱˣ
ʮλԪ߽׸֣Ϣ֮䣬һصĹǻң
ʲô
ȻԵˣ˹Ƿ֮赽ǵʦǶֻ̳߽ʥ
غһڣҪһЩʿ֮ȴ͵֮УֻѾ֪˶Ĺǻҡ
һˣʱŻµһηķ
ȻǿпԼû³ɫȴѾɷһƬ
ƱҲǼΪļƣǶı֮ˣǣʣԼ󳬼Щֵλá
Ѿֲֿʱɣôǰһö鵤˵ǽҩ
ԼԲԣ
ôһߵʣƶʱëȻ
Ϊֻһ϶ԵĻԣضȻĻ
֪鵤ҩҲ
ΪǲץһܵľݣƬ֮ڱǻöûκνҡ
Ȼ֮ȴֻø죬øף
øң
˵ֱͷ˻ȥһͷ֮⣬Ҳ뷨
λνѾ˵Ƶ˼£
ƷǵĻѪУһȺǿĵˣ˲ʱҷ
壬޻ٵĻҷ
ɱ˵ģԲǾ綾ǡλĻʵʵڵǣκˣɱ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǣһʧµһֲڵʮλ֣ԵԪˣ
ȻصĹǻ֮Уй⻪˸
һֳ⻪ԴͷĶ
뵵ƣȵѤá
ǵ񵤣Ŀһֱ


481 Ҫˣ
Ѥùǵ񵤣˿̣صĹǻ֮Уʮŵ񵤣ɢڵĹâĿѤõĵɡ
֮ǰ鱦ģһϣô൤񵤣
ҶЦĿעڵϵĵ񵤣αشС֣Щõĵ񵤡񣬵񵤼ȻǻûǱϥͶˡ
ƺṾཹһ£˵Ľϼ壿壿
ҶЦЦЦԶ׼鲻˵ֻǣϵЩ񵤣Ȼ䵽鱦ǰʼѾȥĶǲٶջصģǲģԼչ鼺УҲ⡣
ʶĸŻһĿֱⷢעӿŵϹǻ֮е൤񵤡
չ鼺У
ò˵뷨Ҷ
Ҫ˵񵤣˭Ҳǡ񵤹ȻǳƷȻһƬǻ֮УһһƬ綾Ĺǻ֮мٳ¶ǣ˭ң
⣬ұʢ飬ֻЩ񵤣ҾͲҪˡҡͷ粦˹ģǼҪȥҾ⣬ŻҷЩ񵤡
ڻ̲סǵȷܣڴڵŻ
һĿͬһĿŹǻ֮еĵ񵤣һ漴ɫһ԰ףһŤͷŻ¡

ԣ
ֻǿһۣҪˡ
ҲҪŻ
ҲҪŻŻŻ
ҪŻŻ
һʱ仹ûбߵĺǻ֮У˸˹âĵ񵤣һͷѪĳö˿̣ھôɢڵϣɳȻʽ
ʵǡûκڿ˻˲ɹǻҵĺƴ֮ϵĵսԼ
˼ʴN˹ǻеĵ񵤣Ҫ˵ˣһǶǲҵġ
˭֪桭ûմ϶أ
ֻҪһ˿Ŀܣǵӱ컹ˣֻҪǱˣҲ򲻸ҳԵģ
Ȼڴ˿Σȫˣķգίʵǲֵðģ
ҶЦһƬǻ֮еĵ񵤣Ŀע˵һΣһٽ󳬼ŵвڶʱ֮ڣܹϼ˰ɡ
˵գٵЦЦתŷȥӯݲȡ
ֻ仰ˣ̲סǳ鴤һ¡
鷳
£˭ң
ɱ֣Ϥ鷳ȡ׼ȴھͶ֮ɱǧ⵹Ҳˣɱ˺ɱ֮µɱ֣ɱˣ㳹׷ֻǵͷ
µһֲΪ׵󳬼Ϲʮλ֣ǿϮһʱ֮䣬ɱĸɸɾϤҷкͷ촷ˣ
սǰôĻô鷳˭鷳
ںǳţȻǺ֮ǣڿǹıʵĵʵĶʵ֮Ҫһǰ鷳ǿ϶ҪúõĿǿǡ˼˼ðɣ
һս㿰춯أŴӴ֮鱦һΪɱֵĶأΪŷɫϽ
ƸҶЦߣп˵ұԤӽ֮´ƣƣ䡣
ŶҶЦͷҲأԾɵѵΪ˶ʹֶΣˣı˹ƣʤ֮ô
ƹһЦս֮УΨʤΪʲôӦֶΣЧĿ˵ʤԶǵһλġ˵ȻЩֶζҩκ˵زǵʦǶмҡ
ʵʵʵǺ޻ٵ壡ƵĵȷȷԷֶͶأ
⣬иȻ䣬ðһͷӽԺ󣬲ʲô£ϼ壬ԾԣңλԣֻΪѣΪУΪУѰ·
˵ֶΣʵ̫̫̫ɶˣ
Ҫֹ̫ۣţǲʹ˰ֵġҶЦţ˵ٻҪһ
춼Ҫһ˶ڷ˵ѲΪǡ仰ǴΪԡ
һ죡
벽ͬȼľ֣ǿߣҲġ
Ȼʵе£ţСԣº˵ã
ҶЦԲÿɷ񣬻ͻȻͣ½Ųת
βͬʱͣס˽ŲλͻȻͣ½Ųķȴǲȳ
ֻ֮ĿԼһɨ˵鱦⣬½ϣ⵽൱̶ȵĵơ
ƽеĺȴζ
ǣһ˿ƽ޺Цݡ


482 һδƽһ
ۼЦݣȴ˶һ£ƵĶͷϸֱ߳Ⱥģ򲻻ġ飬޴£޴£
оͬ뷨ȥ֮ټгԱԼз֧ȫ鱦һз
ɴԼ巶Χ֮ڵ鱦ͨͨڹűһ㡣
Ժ鱦ˣȻǶԵģһ©ִҲҪնԵĴ
˭鱦ϴǲǲ𰡡
һʲôʱλ֪ʲôԵʣȻŭҲʲôָֻһͷ½չһηɱ
ô֮Ǽ御𰡣
һ㣬ԲΣǺܷǳ͹۵ʵ
ʵ飡
ҶЦĵͷŶôҾͷˣڿԷˣһţֻ¸һ֮ұҪȥ½ϸ鱦ֺŴ߿Ƿֺʲôѣ˳ֽһ£ûѣ͵ɽˮұ٣ˣʱǲˣͲ֪Ѳһ·ϣܲһЩ
ʮ϶ð˺
˸ȥǡһλүѲӵԼ鱦ֺţȻȻ֡ȻΪԼѹԵʡôӻˣ
λүҪұ١ұٵİ취ֱɱʬҰѪɺӡֻ߶ʮʮաǧ˰ɣ
ϰұپȥұ٣ǡǼǲҪúãֻҪȥˡҲõȵȥˣҾͼʱѶ壬˽鱦ֺŵķҪչȫ
ԣòƹ鱦ֺҲն˵ķʽ⻹ǺֱܹǮ͸һ㣬λɱ˰ɣ
ȻѾƱǿǾһлСΪϣϾһ©밡
˸ƪδ֮ʣǰԶһƬǻ֮еĵ񵤣ȻһſŵԶ˳ɢĵɣڰա
˱ʣֻ֪״ֻ֣ѰΣȴκη֣
ٹƬ̣ȴŰһʵ˵Щ񵤣ҪҲҪôԶ͸Һòã
ҶЦжʱһ
һֱʼƺڿ̽Լֻݸо̫ޣԼʩʹַŷ죬ȴʼҲԷʲôط䣻Ψһһܹ϶ģǿ̽ԼˣҪ𲽾λνµһǿö࣡
ֻӦ˵ʵ̫ǿˣ֮ûпɱԣڣҶЦΪǿ֮УҲ˱ģȻմСѾͷҹµλΨһ⣬˼֮ˣȻҲǿ֮ˣ֮λˣòƻѷɫ˵
ڣʵֲ֮ˡ
ҶЦתֻԺĿһƬ徻ԭѻϵĹǻѪ⣬Ѿ֪ʲôʱʲôԭʧӰˡ
һ꣬ôһɴݣȻЦվԺ
Ÿʮŵ񵤣أԷɢ뵵ĹʣһһðĵƣȻѤˡ
˿̣ȻЦҶЦ
ˢˢ
졣
ԺȻֶˡ
֮Ůӣÿһλ˹ɫÿһǾ绪
ҶЦĿʱһ˵ƶ֮񡭡֮㣡
էȻһ˸֣׷׶һ򣬲һͺݺˤڵϣֻԴ죬
ƶ֮֮㡣
ƶ֮֮㣬ַȫǬ䣡
Ƹ¥׹ӣ
ƶ֮֮㶼ˣôмλṫӣѵǧ׶βĪİ׹ô
һ̣ж̾Ϣ
λǡǰ
ֱǻ
ɱƼնͷȻ󳬼ۣòסòҲû಻׵ؽΣˣڡں½ϣֲķƸ¥ȻҲһͷʲôݣ
һһһһһһÿһоѾȥ˶ˣһٵʱȴžǸӿ
Ըɱ֣Ը󳬼ţ࣬ǶϷƸ¥Ȼʲô취Ӧô
λǡҶЦüͷ˻ɫ䲻ʡ
衣аüëааһЦ
ʶһ£޿ɱֳһɵĵС


483 а
һͷߣҪ˵ǲʶˣҲҪ䲻죬˿ȴʵûǸϾа˫˫񣺡ƶ֮֮㣩һգˡ
ҶЦ״вһ£λʵ̫ڶ룬˵Ҳ롣
ҶЦ˲жϳһʵ
ǾǰԼ鷳ģòƻ˵
˵ģ͵һ񣬾ҶЦ˲ʱյʲôе˼Դ磬
ˣ
ԱߣһĿɿڴĿƿԳм˶ԲǸɴһƨ˵ϣб
ҲţԼ۾˼ġʵ
ӲţԼġࡱ
ƶ֮֮㣬˺½ʳ˥ǧŮӣȻͬʱλ
ңôġ̬
⡭
⵽ô£
Ҳ̫߸ڵ֪˰ɣ
ҶЦ˵ҪˣʹǣȥǱҸλﻹλ̸¡
Ȼ˵Ҫ̸Ҫ飬ЩСɫԻرˡ
òίʵ൱¶ǵ
ûκ˸еԼ𣬷оǱȽķΧ
ƶ֮֮ǰ˵СɫǺ̧˵˵
˵ˣȼ̸£ȥҲǲңûôǿӲô֮졭˵ǲһ仰Ǿֱιȥˡ
ʱ˿̣˲еʶԼȻһϵġ
ƶ֮֮涼Ҫ񡭡ֲᵱգƸ¥ͦ鱦ţԭྐྵˡ
ȻԷ֮ʵۣվûзƸ¥棬ԼҲǷַӵ飬֪ͬ࣬࣡
һֱ߳ԺӣԾɸоԼֿûֹͣ
ͷԾһּ䲻ʵĸо
ղҿģǡô

ҶЦ뷿ע⵽һ¡
λĪ蹫ӣ䲻ߵͻɸɾǵϣǽУ蹫߹ĵط漴һȾֵĸɾƱȸոոɨɾķӣҪؾֻɾûиɾˡ
ڣҶЦóҶʱ򣬾ظоҶԼĲȴΪҶϸ΢ҳҲһ˲ʧӰ١
ʼգλ蹫һûٿһģ
˵Ϊ˹
һʵȻˣݰɾĽ񱣬òҲ˵Ƿ켫ĵزһôҶЦ֮̾࣬ȴ̲סֹһ䡣
˼ܹϢ֮䣬һ㣬еѶȣҶЦȻҲ֪
һ֣Ī˵ڵԼǰЦҲġ
λһǰҪµģҶЦһݲ裬һ˵
û취ΪӦεΣⲻҪԱ鱦֮ڵŮѾǲɢµģֻһɱ֣ɱϢΣգдˣ˵ʲôӰ죬Ӵɱ֣ȴ׾ͱ⼸ѹƣӴô
ҶЦֻΪѵԼ֣ʳ
ֻܹõЦдĿˣȫֻ¶һ֮һ֮ҪϽλ
ҵûɶ¶ñ߹ģմ֣ϷǿԵĻ˳㽻ѸáаٺһЦ˲桢ȫ̫ʦһµģֻѡ
ҶЦοúλ蹫Լ̫ʦһɲǣԭµеĻҳ˲ʱɢҶЦҲûЩҳȥ˺δ
˹񼣣ҶЦǲǳ鴤һ¡
Ȼ֮ʵߵһ˼ĵزȻ죬ˡ
ⲻ֪аҲǺЩƣԭΪղ֮ôΣյľƣҲûκΰ취Ťתˡ
ԼԣȻԻκΣ֣յͷԼʱֻһӣ˲ʱƸ꣬ǬתȷΣ֮УӶúչһԼƥ·ˣȻʲôҲ͸Ӷ̸ˡ
뵽ԼͰ͵ĸ˹ֻǿ˺һ֣ӿĻһֱɢ
ͷβȻ߳Σ࣬ƫƫ֮һ֮Ϥ֮ŻΪģģԼֵĻᶼûС
һУȫԼ㶨ˡ
ΪʼûгװƵĻᣬһͷ뵱蹫Ȼơ
ûλǷԼһĻᣬаơ


484 ˭
λѰĳأҶЦתͷѯĿλˡ
˼жЩĪһʱ侹ûпڻӦ
ίʵΪ¶֪Ӧοڣ
ԭ˫жԣֱӾһĶ֣˴˵Ŀ꣬ȫȫıۡԼһ߻ռѹԵƣԷĻûС
ôѹţֻԷһֱڿŬ档
ʱ򿴵ԷӣԼܻƽٿС
ǡʽȫͬˡ
Լ߹ȻǱѹԵƣǣȴдҪ˼ͷϣϵ£òƳǰ֮⣬ҲûκˣܹﵽԼߣܹӱˣ
ԭսĿ꣬ȫϣá
ڵǰΪ͵һ־磬ȫ޼ֵ־硣
ƫƫⳡ־磬һԲӦõˡ
ڣ˼ͷϡ
ӦʮˮתϻƷתʮꣿ
ֹΣЦЦڵؿǰҪΪ
˵±߻ȴֶסˣȻѰǰԼˡһʱ侹ǲ֪οڲǡ
ôˣƸ¥ʲôˣ
׸δأ
Լûо飡
һߣаĿȻᣬͻȻЦĵǴˣҿǸˣҺϲҲҪʶģðҽһˣҵ֣а
ҶЦǸȻһЦлֻ̧֮ܳǡ֣ƺǡûɶӡģȻǷĳªţִ֪
аһ飬漴ˬЦӦõӦõģ˵ǲĹ¡ˣôأʵ۹
ɶףˣˡ
һӵĺߡ
λأצˢڵ蹫ӣһθоʵЩʱ߸ôһҪҪļһҲȷһ¡ԺƤƽְ
ʲô֣ʲô䳡λƤȰɳǽ䴦蹫ǰǶǸƵ˵
ˣˡҶЦϳһ£Ѿģ⻰డһ£΢Цԭ־֮죬ίʵʧˡ
аԵʱŴ죬漴һӷ֣Ĵָ˵ǱѩޥģҪ֪ؽ磬ܹ֪֮ģ˵Ǿ޽С
аĵľˡ
Ҫ֪ν֮ڵĺ½ɲǽ߳һΣǸ߳˲֪ٸΡ⺮½ǣӦһҲû֪ĲűȽϺ
ȻλȻ֪ģѵģ
˵аľ⣬ҶЦڵڳˣͬʱӵĺߣаʲô˰׻᲻˵᲻ǣʲôѩޥģǿүǵĻô
Ůһ㣬ааֱ̫аˣô˵񲻾ѷ֮赱ôȻȷʵˣ
ţ¾һɺϣΪҵһλѣһλǰ˴ˡԭƵҶЦΪǰֳСѾͷҹ½οɰģתãȴ̲סһꡣ
СѾͷڻô
ǰˣˣа
ǵģҵλǱλǰ˹ŵӣ֮쾳СҶЦס
֪Ǳλǰߵأֿ֪䣿аʵ
аȴǲòʵģΪĺȤ֪˭ȻܹԼһ㣬ռ䣿
Ҫ֪Լ˼ܹǰ⺮½ҲģĶࡣ
˵Ҫһ˻ȥԼ˵ǸģǡǼˣǼˣôԽͼλ棿
˵ˣǼλʵٵλ棬һһ֣޷ܼ֮ĺ½ʱ͵ñͬСɣ
䣿λǰԳǡҶЦüͷһ£ЩȷĿ˵λǰ֣ǡλ֣
λ䡭˵˭λ䣿аһŴͣǺǵĵҶЦһʱ䣬ĿɿڴſڽƿԴľ
ȻǱָסˣ
⡭Ҳô𺳵˰ɣ
ҵ谡Ȼǡ
ˣ
λѣ֮˹ŵӣ
аһʱֻоǰðͷԷͣ飬ôܷʵϣ˭ſ˵óλ䡯֣
ολ䣡
ȵȣòλ仹ĳ˵ɣ
ôģˣֱҪˣ
һߣҲǺǵſ˺С졭̫ˣ
˲ǹӵĸô


485 ŵˣ
ôѵλǰ֮ǺôҶЦЩʵλӣλǰǶ١һЩô
ҶЦȻǾãλλǰԽԽã
ԽݵλҲԽߣСѾͷҲͿԸӵˮǴߡ

һЩã
а죬ۣһŸҪ˵ĵڣͻȻҵǺ
ȿȿȿȡѿȿȿȿȡȿȿȡȡһٿȣǿԵذ޹⣬ңаӵΪҲ鶼ȳˡ
ԭʵǡ
ǿ󰡣˵û
ֹǼֱ̫ˣ
ǿ֮֮һŴˣ
˵ľã
˵ˣ֮֮⣬ǰ׳Ĺùã
۵ϱ۵ã
Щݹ
֮䣬ܹǵλλġƸûˣܹǵۣ˭ǵλ֣
ϱܹλǳֵĴڣ
ǧҪɣȻλ䱻۸ˣ߳ʲô⣬λ۾ƲκԥֲҪʲô۸/õĵ˳׵Ĵң
˵λܲϵһǲ
λȻֱӽ˼ҵְ˳ôǳֹ赭д
Ҳٵһľܣ
һʱ䣬аΨһĸоòЩŹȶˡԲۣȻôΣյ飬ǲӦһأȻеԲѡ
һλֽ֪ţãҲҪ˼ʲôֻҪ赭дĸҵ˵һ仰ҵܰҹڷϷˡⶼĳʹˣ
ʵ߯Σˣ
ʵ߯ñӾˣ
֪ˡλǰȿȿȡаѵķŰۣԼؿ˳Ϣҭķ˸˵֮죬˵˸ǡȿȡ
ҶЦаϣʱ˵ô˵Ҿͷˣһһֱģλǲǻᱻ۸
аԣһͿȣǿˮ磬Щ³ͷڻε
仰ʵ˵Զԡ
ô̫ǿ˰ɣ
֮£˭۸Ĺŵӣ
˭֪ΪѰһ²ˣѾǰǰѰ˶ô¡
òҵˣλŵڵһʱͱΪͷˣ
ΪˣôԼı۸ˣ
˵ģа滹߰˸޷֡ҲǾԲ뷨𡭡
ΪǵôĻعƣҲñİǵƤİ
ģѾصĹˣ
Ȼˣλȥ۸ˣﵹǻּɵΣϾ۸ˣмֵ˵
ҶЦ۾˼˵š֮졭֮찡۾ţƺƾõĳ˼һǰδеĳƣȻʶɢ
֮ôȻλ棬Ҫȥģ
һض
ʱһҪ֮£׸֣ǸʲôӡܸǽֹСǲƽԸ
Ȼܹսʤ֮͸һЩ
ҶЦ仰йһ飬ȴû˵
ⷬ˼Ǳа֪һΣԼҲҪϵ¿ˮֱԼĿˮλ쿪ķΪֹ
ʲôأΰγ˵ΣҲûôİɣ
Ȼһ䳡
֮һţ蹫ȻѾԼղſҪ˵ĳˡ㯵ص۾Űĥ˰죬ͷղ˵ʲôţ
۾
˵ʲôң
ѵΪĻ׳ô
ʲô㻹Һ㲻첻֪ô
һϤ˵ȥĶأѹֹӴֵܣ
ղ˵аҶЦĵѵ
ԣԣְ֣֡аһסҶЦ֣֣صĵһҪסңҵ֣аа裬аޣаа
ҶЦǳ鴤һӵĺߣٿűһĵԼ֣һʱ䣬޻˵
ôģӾȻһ˸ǣˣҪյôôĽʲô°
Լֵģ
ݺݵĵͷ
ͬ޹⣬ֱǶ֮ȥˣ


486 Ҫ뿪
һΣǱһøɸɾδ桭ʵ벻ͨǵԺյĴ֮Уôôһôһģûļһ
ƫƫĻɫȻǹΨһϿɵֵܣ˵˵ȥ
а˵֮أԲģأץҶЦ֣д衭֣Ҿаһˡ
ҶЦģһǰδеĹоȻ
˸ȥ⻹ûˣӿһǳĴˡһǣֹֻԷҪԼд֣
ǸҶЦһëȻĵĲȥˡ
׵ĻڣԷòǣ֣˳ֶΪд֣ҶЦٷ˲ʮεľʩչţͼѶԷľȫȻЧ
Էòȫһ㣡
ٿǰλаȻҶЦĳȣҲЩ̿ᡭϲ˰ɣˣһʱ˵ʲôţò˵ϲҲҪʶġҵģ
ôһ֮£ҶЦµļƤˢˢð˳ɴҲˣֱһֻҲǿнԼֳ˳ЦȵȻһĺˡ
ԷʵǿỹΣؼԷɶȡ̫ɶֲˣ
ҵ찡
ǧǧ򣬿ǧҪôһ仹һʵǿ󣬼ûзصⰡ
ãĵΪľоƽϢ豭ǹһڡ
ĨĨ죬ȻԼȻ豭òҲ˲ô࣬ʹˣʵ̫ˣ
ûµģÿοܻᱻݺݽѵĻǣҶϿɵֵôеļһأҽļһϳȥѧϰǣ
ÿÿһ뵽仰аһľ
ѧϰǿɲһܹܵ˵ġʮλʦΧ䣡һ֮ڻѧᡭȴԼľǲѧϰʮ꣬ϰ갡
ͷɥаᡣ
̧ͷҶЦʱ򣬲ٻعǺһЦٸѹ󣬱˵ղͻȻһЩ£ĪҪ֣ʧ̬ˣǺǣʧ̬ˡ
ҶЦЦһڰֵ޷޷
аǺһЦͷȴֺƨжһŤŤͻȻһȻ֣һ⡣
ҶЦţ
˵ղλµһ֡а˵µһ֡⼸֣̲סǻǳ鴤һ£λµһ֣ʲôģΪʲôΪͳ˿Էĳ̶ȣȴû뿪磿˵˵ô
˵꣬аĿƵҶЦ
⣬ʵȴһݿУ
ҶЦȻﻹʲôԭ޷Ǿ֣
ǲΪʵѾ뿪λ棻Ϊ̫ϧԼҷһҳԣһ˶ѡҶЦΪȻۻȴԽԽСӵʱԽҲ͸ûκϣˣԶûиҳԹͨƿ޵Ŀ顣
˵úãаͬ˵꣬һ̱ϣ˵Ҫ˵Ļȫ˵ˣǼ˵Ҫ˵Ļɣˣ͵Ҳںˡ
ƶ֮񣺡
֮㣺
ҶЦ
λ˿Ƶļһ޻˵ȻǵˣҲܱ٣ǲ񾭱
ǰ󲻵仰ܽԭ˵Ļ⳶ʮǧ·֮⣬ȻԼ˵Իĳˡ
Լʮǧ֮⣬ҲңԼͷ֮·
ԿһۣǱ˴Ĭ֪ģεһЦ
һЦ֮֮ǰεԷΧȴʱˡ
֪㲻ĳһأȻĶΪкý˵
ҷһ£ٴ֣һ¡֮ЦЦӽ쿪ʼƸ¥Ӻ½óӴ֮ҲзƸ֮£
ҶЦ嶸Ȼһ𣬻Ȼ̧ͷĿ֮㣬֮˵Ŷ
ĿûˣƲ٣겻棬ʳ㸲֮£ջƻ
ҶЦһջƻ½۹ԣһ컹ҪĴ¡
¥սȴҪһ£һæ֮΢Ц˵
ϣæ⻰ô˵ҶЦüͷ
˵ʲôҲ뵽Ƹ¥ַֹͣжȻҪԼİæ
ֻǣƸ¥սᣬףæֻ²ðﰡ
ܰʲôæ׹ӣλﶼ飬ȻԸ⾡֣ʲôãҶЦʵ


487 Ҫæ
Ǻǡʵġǡӡƶ֮ҲٶȦӣһ˵ѾܶʼķƸ£ԣת֮죬ٶ˵ء
ҶЦĿһţŶ
ƶ֮һԣҶЦһ㡣
ܹ֮״̬ճ£ȴΪҵȳǴ¡Ϊ֮㻺˵Ȼһ첻⿪Ǳһ첻뿪ΪҪ뿪Ҳ벻ġ
Ͼ۲ȥʲôλȥͻλ޵ʱ򣬶Ҫ൱ʵΪǰᣬΨ˲ܴ򿪻ͨƶ֮
ƾĿǰܽ⿪ʵ
Ҫ뿪Ҫ뿪ܷɵĻҪ⿪Ҫְæˡ
񷣬ֻһˣϣƳҪֶ
˾Ƿ㡣
Ůһһ䣬ǽȫ˳
ҶЦȻ̽˵񵤣
ŮͬʱصͷǶ񵤣بԽΨһӦɵ浤
ҶЦ˵һڣҪѣϾǼҹ֮䣬ԼΪһŶ񵤣ѷȻ֮ھɡ
֮˵ҼҹȻŷĳŵȻ״ʱͬҼҹԼ֮ʱҷûд㳷뺮½Ǹʱ㣬ֻ蹩ҼҹӣһŵҲ͹ˣڵʱ죬һŶ񵤶˵Բ
ҶЦȻҪࣿ
ƶ֮üͷϸ㣬˵ԻָжΪǰᣬҪһţŵĻΪһ㣻ҪָӵΪֻ¶ʮţҲδعģ⣬Ҫټ裬ǷƸ¥һҪ񵤵ǲڡʮţ
ʮţҶЦһһվĪλǲ˵Цɣ
ŮɫҶЦȷĲԼЦģľҪô࡭Ҫʮţ񵤣
Բܣ
ҶЦҲ룬ֱӾܾȻŭΪǴײôһˣ쿪ǲ׸飬ҵҲ⣬Ѹҹ˵ϵ񵤵ĳɵʣ΢΢Ī˵ʮţţҲûܣ£϶û
ǿԸ൱ñ꣬ңӦһЩⶼƶ֮ϸϸ˵
ΪڸּۻۣǾǽض͸ңҲǾòʮŶ񵤵ģҶЦЦҡͷҪʮŶ񵤣ǻֱɱҵͷȽϸɴһ㣡λûб飬ذɣȥ׹Ӻú֣ҹӣ¿ô
ٺúÿǿǣֻҪ㹻Ķ񵤣Ķ֮Ͽҵ˵
ѹͲǿǲǵ飬Ǿûܣ
ҶЦŭˣҲǹûи˵ϵٸǆһ飬񵤣ÿһųɵƱؽżֲ֮ĵ٣ֻһŵĵ٣ѾԶߣҲұˣĪвһһŵĻֻҿԳܵķΧ֮ڣȻһЩҲһЩˣҪʮţȲ˵ô࣬ɹʵ¡ÿζɹƹУͱٺɻҲʮˡ̸ʲô
ʮţɻʮΣ
ƶ֮֮е仰ͬʱĿһ
仰էһƺڱԹԼԼģĺΪֽȻͬĸ޷ǰȴֲֻܴĻȻǴĿܣ
ôλ޾Բһţֻ˵ٲֹһš
˼йشǱĪĳģǶ֪Ƭ£Ǽиģڼȵڽ㣬ڵǶԷѪжҲǴĵġ
³ΣҲԣʱ˿̣̬չѾתأ˫ƽ֡
Ȼ֣ǷƸ¥ƱػԾɼǷƸ֮£أĵҲּɡǿϳְæϤߣȴ²졭
֮˵ԣ˼Сϸøϵ
֮ƽͣƽᡣ̬Ҳŵ㹻͡
⻰ﻰ⣬ȴʼմһвζ


488 Ȼܾ
ĻǲҶЦӦˣȻǾ²ȻҶЦǲӦȴֲ˵ԺƸ¥ˣ֮費Ԯֶɵ
ӦˣµĶˣӦµˡ
ӦǾߣ
㲻ӦǾͼ߸ɱˣ
仰һ˵һߵаֵ̧ͷͬʱһ㡣
˸ȥԭ׳СӵŮͦͦģôһ¾ôٵľ棬ղſô죬صڻ֪Ƿ֮ʲôˣǾһ˳ë¿ֻǿƲἤ淴֮ģ˵ͷǻĻʵһɱ֮͵಻ɽưɡ
ؼĻڣˣôҶһʦأʵ̫˰ɣ
֮һԡ˼жʱһƬŷΧ֮С
ͷһԲ統˼һ㡣
˼ʳеš
ԵļžΧһֱ˺þá
֮ڣҶЦ̧ͷ۾ֱ֮㣬˵ʵ̫ĳˣΪںľôࣿΪҾһӢô
ǻֳһ˿Ц⣺Ƹ¥£̫ˡллǾȻ̧ôߣ֪Ⲣǹάﻹġ
˵⡰ģȻȴԳˡζ
ƶ֮ʱȻ治ԣȣδЦʵ¡
ˣ
ҶЦûƶ֮˵껰ֱӾնһ仰ش
ֻһеϰ壡Ҿֻһͨˣ
ںģֻߵˣҵѣˣֵܣѣաЩںġ£ңҹȻҲںȴûС
Ҳ˼ҶµĲûκΣֻӦ˵ҪΣôҾΡôҲҪʱκˣҲܽǿͷϣ
Ҷ˼һУеֻǸ飡ֻҪԸΥܱȫȻҪȫ
ǣκػǱвűôҶЦ߰˵ʱ֮
һչ˺ҵѼˣܽչ˵üޣĪһ㣺֮ǰһᱣ֤ÿƽƽ
ԼˣǾʲô̸ˡ
޴£ǳȡģҲȫӵеʱȻѡһӵСѡһҲȫʱһһһ֡Ȼҷ޿ٷʱұԼһ޳ݣȻǷƸ¥Ȼǰ׹ӣεʵ죬ͨܰһ֮ô
ڶ˵ĻﲻǴʹһѡô
ҶЦֱֱĵ֮㣬¶һп΢Ц߰Ȼ²ɱˣϤɱˣҺθɣ
²вңЦҶЦһЦʲôвǿҷ֮裬һܹвѵ֪Ƹ¥鱦λڷ֮ȡǸҷ֮裬ߵһжԣȴΨвңֻΪһвˣ
֮ЩмֻȻһʱ侹ҿ˵
ԭѻ;ƶ֮ҲҶЦһǺסԣ
λƽʱҲֵð磬һƢ˭Ҳ벻ĸң
ֻһϯ㹻˶Էһɸĵۣˣע޷вģ
ʲô£潻ͼͷ£ȴǾܵģ
ʲô취ʲôֶΣ޷һ˵ͷ
Ҫģʲô˿̣аͻȻһ仰
ʱаòˣѾӽϵ硱״̬Ǽ̬ûصĻˣаȻСϺܶɶڴϣڴϵĴ൱߶εģ
ʵҲ֪ûеˮˣ׳ֵཻ
ҪģǾңҶЦҡһˣֻˣҪûˡҡô£񷣬Ҳûʲôֵ⡮Ҫ֣ңһжҪ
ڡҡ֮УҪģҵĲأҵļ֣
ô˵ǿˣҶЦվ𣺡֪ΪĪ⣬ֿԷ츲أ귭ƣǲɱңôԱɡˣ
ڶ񵤣ǰŵһ֮⣬һҲûУ
ҶЦɫȻȻ˿Ҳתء


489 в
ЩȫĻûаװģ
һϡҲûеĻֱһ̶ˮȤ
ҶЦƽģǱв
ĪҪ˵в鱾ԸģҶЦʮеҪ飬ôֻҪǱвͲȥ
Ȼ˭ֹУ
вĳ£ƫƫ
Ҳ
޴£㻹бŪҸвô
ҶЦǰԸص㡣
ӵк½֮ƶ֮֮㣬һҪӿֲʮƵаͶܻٵ½Ŀ´ڣȻô
ˣаҲˣȫ֪Ӿ棻ʱѾצӡһƢôô
ûأô̸ˣ
Ǳòʰ
֮㣬׵ɵˣĵײϵʣҸղҲû˵ɶֵ̫鰡Ҫ̸ռһôôһʰأǸʲô˵أҪǵ˹ӵĻָôء
Ϊȣһ£ʱв֪ǰգΣʱϷأ·һ˵ǿػˣǸŮˡ
ҶЦɫ࣬˵ƺû˵ʡ
Ůˣ˵Ƿİˡƶ֮̾ϢΪˣһ֮УһΪ㲻һеŮˣֹ֪ǻ³°ܣԼ֣֮ʦţļ壬ͳͳ޷ԾˣȻȻôˡ
֤Էĸ飬Ѿȥ˲һеĵزƶ֮˵Ů˵ʵ治ףҼʱԮҪܾ֮ˣձҺ¡ڣ˾ڷƸ¥ͣʵΪʵ̫ǿʱҷɡ
ˣҶЦĿһ¡
Ŀһ˲˲עĳŮӵ֣¡֪ʶǲʶ֪ãֻһأ
ҶЦϺݺݵس鶯һ¡
ŮʶģǷϴӦôǽŻžۣΣǵݳ㹻˰ɣ
¡ҶЦ˵
һ˲һ
Īģоࡣ
ǵģǰʱ䣬ҶЦҲԵǷƸ¥ȫ֣ôԼʮа˾Ƕ㲻һٵġ
ԣ¼֮ǰֶģԼĳŵ飬ȫһ飬УͰΪ½٣Ϊξˡ
ҶЦЩʱ˵ʵڵģֻΪԼа֣źûҪʲôر
ɷϵǡ֪ԼʮΣ̿󣬵ȴڽԼİ֮һһԲһҲûгôƮȻȥ
ҶЦУҲЩԼŵæҪرһ£Ϊõô֮ȫ޶ԣȴһ¡
˿֪²ˣ෴Ϊ˰Լ˶˳ȥ
ңͬĬĬ飬ͷβͲԼ֪
ҶЦԶԣǵձ³ɹصƶ֮ûб˷׽ģὫһӣԶԼ
ҶЦױµ飺ңرôҰ㣬ҲԸ㲻֪
ͬһλʻģĸŮӣ
ڣΪ˰ԼƸ¥ץˡ
ԼԹô
ҶЦĽ򿪵ͬʱȴҲǸоĪһۡ
ЦǣһвʽͲвôƶֶ֮ξ˹ֶ֮࿪һ۽磡
ƶ֮ҲҲҵȺ⣬ǾֻǸ˵飬ʵϣ۷ӦӦǶ˱ΪǶŮˣӰˣһŮΪԼİ֮˾ĸͬģͬıģ˺飬̸ʲôܿɹ顣
˵ǺʵϣѾĸ̸ˣ޶ԣǾ֮ôҶЦ˵
̾Ϣȴϧ̬֮
Ǳ֮ʶȴΪϵһֲֹµʱ⣬ҲͲµʱѣȻԵұ˳Ϊ֮Ĳ˰˳ɣ
ҶЦǿסͷǷݼ¶˵ԣֻ֮ѣ˵ֻǴ벡˵ĹϵмΪκ˲Ż˾İҡ


490 Ӳԣ
Ĺϵܼ򵥺ܵһ£ش˵ͳ˽һ㣡
ҶЦĿͬգҾһжͼΣʱңʹȴҲǽ˸ңʱȻ֮⣬Ҳ֮Уô
ҶЦô˵˿䣬޿ɷϵǣҶЦ˿̵ȴصĳʹоòϢңƾʲôһλѩŮΪ᣿ϣ֪ΪҸʲô
̸УȨһʧȥѰؾ棬ҶЦֻҪֳεĶ΢ʾƶ֮֮ͻ᳤ֱ룬ҶЦĵߣһĽֱͣȫʧء
ҶЦΨҧأҲòȻֵò飬ĹΣȴǲòΪ
ҽͬǡκͬ⣡
Ī˵Ҳ˽飬ҵİˣԾɲǵһв֮µԾɲܣԶᣡ
ҶЦɫնɭȻġ

ƶ֮֮˴˶һۣԷеǷΡ
һֳӲӲԵļһʵϻ죬޴¿ڣܹΡ
аһߣ˵һ仰ղŷʲô̸ôѾ˼һ˵λȴЩϲأ֪ǷҪء
СĺȤҪһһλαɫľˣܹ÷òزʧɣ
ҶЦһݣȻתͷаĿ⼫ɭ֮¡
аĿЦݣ΢΢ףòƷĵ֣˾㲻ã졣
ҶЦ⵹Ҳ޷һ֪ǲ˵㻰ġǼ̸ȥҾͻò
ɫҲڴ˿ȻǻʲôԼ˵˵ЩˣҪձۣ񣬷ģ˵Ҷ֤ϣ˵ˣֻ˵ˣͻȥɣ鱦֮ǰǲɢѰߣûܷ¡
ҽæһˣĺˡ
ҶЦ˵գòƣֵ˸ɵϣţı۾
Զ׼žһ̬ȡ
Ĳ˵ˣҲˡ
ǲΪ˱µıô
ǺãǴԼ˵˵ǵġ
Ҳϡһ£ڵ벻벻Ȼһ£
аԼղòˡ
ǵģλ˱µ֮󣬵ȷǳЩ΢ĶҡתԼȴǵģȻһֱӽҿˡ
֮ʲôˣ־εȵļ㣡
Ȼȫҿˡ
ôĵҡˣҲҪʱ˲ҡ
ҶЦ۾ĵΪʵи߹ݣƿ˼ȨơǾͿΪΪ𣿡
Ϊץסһ˵Ůˣһвˣ
Ϊץסʢ˥ĲٿأǾͿвµˣ
Ǵˡ
ǵóѵʱ򣬲ΪǱ󡣡
Ƕ磬ԣʲôҲںطѣںԣܹɹܹڵĵز
ڲͬˡ
ڵǣҡ
ԣҲǵвҪôɱңȻԼȥɣȥǲ֪Ҫã֪ǧ껹Ǽ¡ҪôǾߣ
Ƕ񵤣ǲģǳŵһţʱҲ£ĺƽעԳɵٴΣҲгɣҳŵǰ߸֮һƽ飬һŶ׹ǰڸģһŽ飬ȥұ˰ɣΪģ
һǲԵģӲҲԣӲһǲԣ
ɣ
ƶ֮֮㣬аȻھʹ޴룬ȴѾ֪Լ˽˵ʲô˵ʲôˣ
ԭӸղŷԸɱ֣Ը󳬼˵ľϾͿԿóˣһ㲻˵ٻǣڹϵԼʱ򣬸ûмٻ
Ǿô̸ˡҪô죿
ڵ֮ԣˣ·ĶǣǶԷӲŲͷ仹֮һéʯͷֳӲӲԵǹвȫûõˣô죿
˿쳤̾һϣôԸĻ쵰أ


491 ⣡
Ǹ֮ˣ˵֮ⷬ󣬾ͺܸɴı۾ײˡ
˼ٹƬ̣Ҫ˯šˣ
ĸֻҪ̧̧֣ͿԽɷĳ֣ô۾˲ţĿӣˣ޼ɵ
ôң
֮Ϊʲôأ
ǸɱңǸҶң仰Ȼû׵ֱ˵̬ȴѾ仰쾡£Ҳڣ
֮Ŀаǳ޿κΣ˵ʵ˾ζץסһݺҾͲ㲻ӲҵȭͷӲͷ
ʼղңǲң
һ֮ľһʿ˵ôǿľȫû·ˣûϷǿҪµġ
ƫƫһıֶ˵һһˣ
ǻһˣƥѹȣҲѾ
ȴûС
ȻûǿȥĿܣ΢΢
˵ҲûʱģǾôȥһǸǰһߵ˴Եôǰ׳ظ״̬ϻȥҲѾ죡
ʱ䣬˭Ҳұ֤ġ
ȻһǿԿ϶ģ׳ҪȵǴȻ٣Ҫһǧ£
ǧ£Ѿ㹻ϴԵаﻹõһǧ꣬꣬㹻һˣ
Ϊһ͵аǰѾĶ֣Ѿܹ˵̫Ķˣ
֣㿴㣬ͻȻͱأԭһʣ̸˴˺찡ôһ仰֮䣬ͽֵزأаָͷšԼüͷյ˵
аװȰɵ֮Уν˵֮УЦ֮죬޿֣ٶӵľ棬ҲֻƬأ
ڡаһԼȳҶЦɴ͵û
۾޶ԡ
һζĲԲﲻ
֪ظƶ֮ܡҲֲ֪ԸвԸðճƵĵ٣ǰߣѾͷ߳˸һȣһо֮еϰԣҴںߣΪ֮ˣд˹ֻйش˵㣬Ȼ跨Խ
аһһ䣬˵š
λûôԹԵһ·˵ȥ
Ϊسŵڴ˳ŵǵеٳ֣ǻḺṩĵȫֵƲ÷ֱܵ˿˺ǵһ⡣
ǵĵڶ⣬Ǵ˴񵤵ĲϣȫԷṩʣ࣬ȫУЩҩ֮⣬ٷͷ־žҲ˵ʮں½ûУҲûеĵرÿһ֣ͷһݡžаҲֻܸ㵽Щѡ
⣬ҷŵеļѣҷ˿˺Ծղᵽı¹ȻһʱͷŻҲùˣ֪˼ұΪ˱ȴҪͣԵҲҪ˼Է뷨ͷҾ͸ҹӸ״ͷѾͷ
ˣ֮ǰᵽģƸ¥Ӽ˳·ˣʱԳŵĳ⣬ǷӲ뽲ڵ棬һԣ˴ҷҪҷòҲ޷
һУͿԼξôŻǺһԳô˵ǾôһеһУɷȡ˵ʲôʲô˵ô죬Ǿô죡һУ˵㣡
ҷֻҪ㹻Ķ񵤣
֣㿴ҷĳѾˣ㻹ɿڣôҲûʲô취ˡа̾˿
һ̸˰ð׳Ǽһء
Ըˣ̫Ϊˣʲôֶΰ취ı㼿ͳͳû塣
Լ˵һͰԼĵ߶ȥˣˣûмĿܡ
ɰ׳ǼһĻͷԣǷ񻹿ԸתһЩء
а֪ǡ
һ̸Уҿǡаǰ׹ӱˡ
ǰ׳̸Ļʱ㡢ƿİ׳ôõĿܣҲʯٶѡ
ҶЦȻҪ׳ȫ̲ôֹø൱صĴۣ˵һǧ꣬Űɣ
аκ˿ɵԲеʵȴǶԸҶЦĲš
ϲ
˵ôɣ
ҶЦϲģǡǡȫԼķʽ
̬ƣȴκ˶óġܵ˵ģ


492 ̾Ϣ
аų֮£û޷˵̸Уίʵʢ飡
Ȼ״˵
ҶЦٶ۾аã̾Ϣһ죬Ҳǻˣ£ǾƲٿڵġ
Ȼ˵г⣬ôǾͶ̸Ƭ̣Ҳ޷Ҫ˵ǰ棬ǾǲʲôվȨңֻҡ
ǵȻаصͷ
һϴݣϲüҡ
飬ת
Ů˿Ѿǻ亹벻ֻ̽Եвһ䣬Ȼһͽ飬ȫˣ
һı˲ʰĵزô񲻵Լ˵˹үһǰ;
ǿ֮һΣҲֲеΣ
ȻղаղͻȻһĿȫûе޵ĽȨȫŸ˶ԷŮNҪֹȴסˣΪȻ֣аȻԲУòƺɵƣȴ֮蹵ͨԼ˵εǣεǣ֮أ
ǰԼһαˣҪͼҪõ̸ȨǵҲͰˣϷ֮ô߰ˣܵõֻƾֵĽѣ
аȻƵȫޣɥȨ˷ʧȥܶô
Ͳ
ռ㹻ҩģӦ֮⣬֮迹ⵤٸǱҪԼһ߼ֱȷ֮ԼҪͻȻ˵ͷű£֮֮ǲֵһᣬзƸ¥˳֮£ǶҪ뿪ˣ˿źƴҪ£Ҳǲµģ
аղŵһŵΨܹصģҲǾžԼɶԷѣǰ߹ȻϧΪ˹ܹȬգںߣȻƼ˲ƾ֮費½ʲôŷּʶ½Ҳļ£ܿʲôҵ겻ɵ
һ蹫ӽȨȫ潻ǴĸУ
Ůİת֮£аǣ֪ѵһ·װȰֻڰϻҲǣ빫ֵཻ֮ˣ򵥣
һҪ㣬ǰȫ⡣ղ蹫Ҳ̸ˡҶЦҪȷܹṩνֵܹټ֣ɡ˳ɣʮɡ
飬ҪҲˣͲ̸ˣ
ҶЦɫ˵
ν٣Ȼǲڵġ
ֻҪṩҩҩˣҶЦͿֱӴӿռ鵤ʲô٣
ܹٵĶȴǲҪײҪģһҪҪҪ
ٶֵܹıͬСɣҼȻָʮŶ񵤣ôܶõ١ٱعҲмʮɡҪɵϣ
ЩǶ˼ʮ
ƶ¶ԣҶЦνֲõĺ£ȻԼַ˵Ƹ¥ҪǻᣬҶЦ֪ô˷ɡͲߣھ߲źأ
Խˣ뷨ȴ򲻵ñ¶ģ
⡭Լ˵ǣʮϰ֮ڣһܻᣡ
õĲ࣬ݣҶЦãԼԭԼ
а仰һ¡
ƶ֮֮ۼ龹תɵľһϲ
Ҳε̾˿תȴǽеȨ͵λС
ȡΪΪ
ԭ£˸࿴ķƸ¥Ȼϵ⣬׸
ң޷֣ȫ
ȴλѾռϷķȻڳ˼֮󣬼Թ̾һ
һ̾Ϣ֮еΣǷĲģȻŨƺȫҵѾȫͷϣȴûа취ֻñܣòһ㡣
еһ̾Ϣ֮࣬üǰöû˵ֹ֮ڶ˶촽ſ죬ڵҪ˵ʲôʱȴȻһ̾Ϣ
һ̾Ϣ֮еĳΣһ̾Ϣ֮ϣŨӵİԹ
ʮٱǧ򱶣
֮󣬶̲סҪͬһ̾
̾ϢѵҪô
Ե̾Ϣ˳η촰˵ҷܾģ벻߷Ըаû취ֻʳ仰ԶԾȥ䵱һĽɫ
Ϊ֮⣬˵
һ㣬˴ĻۿλݵŴ죬ȻѾһ̾׼
ɲ̾ˡ
̾Ϣġ̾ˡ
ǳˣǾ˰


493 ҺѰ

û뵽̾Ϣ޾ࡢ޾̬̾˳
аͷһ
ô̾Ϣˡ
аоԼѾҪˣ竣ʱΪǽеʱ򡭡аĸ׾ͻаǰ̾Ϣ
εע޿κֳ̾Ϣڵ̾Ϣһģһ
Ȼ϶аĴֽȻͬ̾ϢǿںΪһˣ
ĸ׵̾ϢаеԼĸ׵ģΪԼˡ
Ǿͻϴĸһʱ䣬һʹǰ˵ӣôĸ׿һӡһ֮ٹ̬ȣȻ̾Ϣ
ö֮аһƣֻҪһζ̾Ϣ鲻ԽľǻĵײһоԼ˶ôΰ£ֻҪ̾Ϣ춯˲ͻԼ񼫣ӯϿ츩﷽Ϊ
ʵʵڵû뵽뿪ĸ׼Ｘǧ·֮ĳͼλ棬ȻǲɱԼĳ̾Ϣ
Ҫ
аһ档
ġҰɡ
Ѿǧ
װ
֣˵ǲҪ̾Ϣлú˵ваë״ĶҶЦоλ̾ϢȥҾͰȶӣ׳Сӵ黹ԼŪɣҪͼëĵòʧЦ󷽡
Һγ̾ϢءҶЦ˵֣㲻ǵʦ֪
аͷֻҪ㲻̾ϢͺãȻǵʦҼеĵʦȴҲڷֵǣǶٶһЩġ
ҶЦٳ̾ϢһŵǾͺãǾͺá
а̾Ϣ۷ֱ̱
׹ӷƸǧ꣬˼Ϳ̿ɽ飻۹˽ڼĪֻҪпܣôܾߣ
ҶЦȻߣڹԣǣʵʵ²գĹ¡ղҲ˵ȻҪ˽ԣ׹гŵǰվߣζ˽оս֮գĳȻӲԷƱ׹ΪУްʤ㣬۹˽֮ģԸ׹뿪ģ
Ƕ񵤣ʵֻ̫̣֮ʱ׽飬ΪܳһţѾǽ֮ңֻѰ·ټ󹦵ǰȴԵ鼤ȻͳԶһЩλ
ҶЦ֮΢Цţͷ⡣
ھȫԼƿ֮Уı˶Լһ֮䣬ҶЦΪ̫Ҳãԣһ̶ȵ⻹ǲ߸ġ
˵Ѽӣܷˡ
Ĺĵķ˷ۣȴûдȻﲻ˼㣬ǺѾǼޡ
񵤣ͨĵƼҩȫͬΪ˵ǣˣѪ飬죬ҶЦ˵ּȻвٸ߼ʦǶøģҲ֪Բ飬Բԣ
а۾˵ԣԶԡ
жʱͷڶҼȷʵʦԼɲǣ˵ˣҼĵʦȻܶ࣬˭Ҳûбƶ񵤰ޣͨĵ񵤶ơ֪Բԣ
ղԼһ䡮Ҽܶ൤ʦҶ⡯ڶ仰¹еݹȥ㹻İѱ˼˳ŰѱˣаѵܳôԼ˵ĻɷһƨֱӸһ䣺֪Բԡ
ǿɾԼԼážžˡ
ƾаòƻȲҪĹ
ֻӲͷƤ˵ԶԶԡ
ȻֶøоϣǾͺðˣ˵ʡ¡ҶЦһοӡ
ǺǡаЦţԼϼЩӲˡ
ôʲôˣôʲôף
ƶ񵤣ĿնǴǣ⣬һôжԣ˷Ŷԣġ
ҶЦɫأˣ㣬˵ţ˵һö񵤣ҹȻΪɶɥȻǳһöƱؽ֮գҹȻǲɴ⣬ڹ󷽡Ǻǣ㹻Ķ֮ǰҲϣɣ
аȻ˵йش£ִɷģղҾ˵ɰ취ȥȻɱݣʱǻ÷Ϊ㻤ֿеĵ٣һʧ
ҶЦζЦЦǺǡ


494 ǿжթ
Ǻǣаĳ˵ЦĵЩץˣôǺʲô˼
ǺǡҶЦϾǺǣǺǺǡ
ѵ˵㻹ţɲôаŭ
֣ţܲɣҶЦν٣ǿɾ׺䶥ٲ˭˾ȻֿܵףȻµģǸǲܵ飬ȻҵĵΪԵ׺䶥ҲҪشοˣѵʶҸĵʦ
аĿɿڴȷʵʶñĵʦˣȻҲµ⽹ڵ׽ٺòá׽ƽòãҼ춼ܿ˵ֿס㡭ء
ʲôҶЦҲޡ𾪡ĵɴ۾˵ʲô쿴˵ֿף
аĵͷ
ڣֵҪְԹص̾Ϣˡ
֪ɶˣ
Ҿˣһͼλ棬λԣֿ飬û˵ȷʵҴˣ
аڣͬ飬ްԹ
ҶЦ𾪡ġ𺳡׷ʣȴҲоЦԼȻװӣܹƻȫô
֣Ҹ˵˰ɣķֵֵͼλν٣ɡ֮˵ֱӾʮȫֿа˵ţһ㣬Ϊ㱾ΪǺܸߣȻ𵤽ٵʶȫİգٷֵİգԵİհ
Ǻǣ֮䣬ϧҲţҶЦڵҡͷ
ҲŲֵܹأ£˵ۼǴţ˵ûôģΪĳɿۣſں֣̫Сҵˣ
а̯ϣ۷׿ͷһʱ䣬гûһ֡ȫͲͨ͵ԼҪȥĵز״̬
ͻȻһ飬аͻȻ棬һʦֱĲװ
ԼףʶһЩĶ˵Ҳܹʶǳֻ˵˴λãλ治ͬŷּʶвͬһֵ֮׵飬ȷʵڵġ˵һܵ׵ܣҲȷǴڵģΪ档
֮˵
֮λĽԶһģȻڻʵװ
ѾоųϰգܹȷһװƣȴܽҴ
Ҵˣû̸ˡ
ǰ֪֮һڸ֣Ҳ޿κΣֻ䷢ӣյԭί
Ҳţ˵ʲôţأͷҡĲ˹һ㣺Ҿǲš
Ϊ֮ᡣ
˵ɣҪôţһֵܹףа˵
νΪ飬ۼΪʵôܹأ
ҶЦ˵оǣҵϣ漣ҲŻţ֮󣬱㲻ٺµ١
аһ
ƶ֮֮Ҳһͷβ
˵˵ȥתתȥһͼذ¶˺β͡
Ŀģԭ
Ҫһܹ׽ٵĻ屦
͵һܹ׽ٵĻʵҲʲôаȫõóҶЦ߼Ҳûʲô˵ġ
а׽٣֣Ԧ
Ƿ֮Ҫȴ飬ҪͰѻĵȼˡ
״ۣǷ֮Ǹ߽ʿôԦȫû⣬ͼʿǾǱҪ֮ȫںϲС
Ƿĵ͵ٵ͵Ϊʵ̫ˣΪǳ֮ͲܼԦ˷Է׽١
ȻҪ̵Ҫ󣬻а취ģֻҪһҪֿܵ׽٣ӵԶܵķ
⣬֮豾Ϊˣܵʹָ
ҪҪķҲһĺö
ǽֹڴˣаԾɲΪѣķϾУôΪѵĵطأ
ΪѵĵطǣĺöҪĳҪģǷӷãҲҪںϲġΨдﵽӦһУӳЧá
֮λҪɾҪһķԼںϡ
ΪԼı
ǿ̡
ǵںϳɹôǶȫˣⱦȴҲͬ׵ı˷ԼĶ˭Ҳˡ
ʱԼˣǸҲøҲø


495 
ڸĻڣһҲ͸ˣ飬ΪʱλΪˣ϶˵һ䣺ɲҪǵİòˣȫǷǵİɣðɣȻҲǷǵģǾǷһô°ɣǸôأ
Ǽǰ϶һֵΣ
аλദݣ޳ܺͱȣĿԣ΢΢ԺԲơ
ȻˣֻҪһ뵽ֻ棬ҪһѪ
аҧֱ֪һжô
аʹΪĶòƾֻϴšҪѪҲֻҲ˵ʧľֻûʧġ
֪ж٣һûв£Ҿֻһ仰ǲۼ֤ҵİȫǾԲԼСЦģ׵ġ
ҶЦǵȻ˵
аĿࡣ
ôɴ࣡
ףȻ׵ģԸҲף
ƶ֮˵蹫ӣʵҪҲ̫֡˵һֵܹ׵ķ蹫˵׾١
֮ǰʾһ£аʲô˱һܹӦȥĲˣ
Ҫ˵ƶ֮ô뵹ҲȻ̫Ϳаˣ
аᡣ
ҵ֡ӦҵȥҵݣҵĽ񱡭ԴһЩıҶõˡ
ҴŵĶǶǶģ֮еĶ
ģ֮еĶʲô˼
ϵĶ죬ҲǶģ
ıÿһֻҪҲܹǿ𶯵ġ
㾹Ȼ͸һֵ׶ŵġͼλˡ
һûаֿԣǰ׸Ӳá
аһĸоԼһ¡ҪƲƣƲˣ
ðɣ˭ð׳ֵأҾǷģаסеѪһʹ࣬˵ṩַĺˣһ֮ǲ÷ְȻֵ١ôкʹϣҲٳڷǰ
ã˵ĺãʹ죡ҶЦһ̴ĴָֹȻǴˣȻˬӺ򽻵ˬǸŮ˴򽻵ƽϣȡ֣ǡ
˵˭ͬʱŭȡ
һаҲͰˣϾռ˴ˣػ˳ŻԼֱǿ벻̣Ҳ̣
ȣ󾯸棬̸סĪҪ죬ٲ죬ʱⳡףҶЦ̩Ȼбȥһۣ漴а֪ʲôӣʲô֣ʹã
аʹ̾˿
֣һǺñҶЦ۾һ
ҲŸյõֲáµġаɫѿ
һԵĶʵ׼ڰ׹ǰҫһµġ
û뵽ҫûʼۿҪ˱˵ġ
ƫƫΪǵͼλ棬ԲʲôвԼ鷢ԷԵıԼʹôһλƷֻҫġ
ܹҫġȻõİ
ǣóҲϲտ˵׻ҶЦ˵
аеѪ̾˿˿̵֮̾γ࣬ԻҪڸղŵķ֮ϣ
ȫǷİ
˵ģᣬҲˣ
ҶЦˣòƶˣٲаˣ
˰ˣҾ͵ϱǷ˰׳ġаһҧһۣһ֡
ϺȻһɫСɢâת
СֻһָͷС
ҶЦ״ԥ˵ôһСȻֵܵ٣
Ǿʮǳ졭ҪҪСС
ֻءаᡢ鰵Ͷơ
ĵ˵һȻ죬ܣܶҪΪһز֮󣬲һĿǰ״̬Ҳֻҵİ֮£ҷѣʱ仹ޡ
İ£ҷʱޣҶЦɵĿνġǸ¿ҲˣǿɳʱǻʲôãôĶ񵤣ҲҪʮε١ʱݡôЧôֲܹˣҰɣ
аһΣȣ˵
һʹĲᣬԶ׼


496 ɳͷ
ҶЦǺЦҶ֪㣬ʵڲã͵û˵ˣ˵ʵ˵컨׹ɫҶһνܵ׽һ˵š
˵λʲô𣿡ҶЦߺһЦ
ѡĲԸ񵤣СðգΪֵã
Ůһŭ˲ʱӯţɲ֮ͬ裬㶼ʶ֮ˣаó𡰽һѵһ챦˱ܲһ£ѵõȴǴ˱λ׼ͣȴǼΪԪֳ֮ɳͷ
Ī˵ֻ׹Ӷδϡ챦ƫƫ֮軹ҪģռȴҪ˰ӲϹһ㣡
ֱ˵һҲǸ
аֵ˵治֪ô˵ˣȱͬСɡȻҲܹ⣬Ͼǵͼλ֮ˣ֪ⱦ֮СЩҲ֮еġ
аһŮҶЦһӵĺߣ⵽ɶأ˵ʲôأĵҲˣ⵽ǰǱᣬǱ⻹ǶȦأ
ȴа˵˵زԾͶ˵ɣԷǷҲɽԴֻԴˣֻۣҪ֮ںϣͿķˣڽڵĽ𾧣׽٣練ƣ
洢Ľ𾧽ȡõĻȻܹ޶ȼģЩôҲԳٴ׽ٺõĻôҲʮΣҲ͸ˣΪǳȴû취顭
ҶЦգĲˣѾģӲȱôѾôһ٣ٶûûˣظ˵𣿣
ǽЩ𾧶ˣλ棬ȴǾûпܲģ֮Ϊδܽһز֮ǰҲܿˣ˵ڵ棬˱ȻӦ㡭
ص㣡ҶЦһ࣬˵֮ĿʼվֻΪ˱ȫֻҪܹȷҳɵ֮֮࣬׽Ǳ´󼪣˵ֻҪ׹ӵĶˣҽҲòġܵʮ׽ȻӲ㣬лˣȻ˱ȷʵЧƶ֮£Ӧˣ
ҶЦûһ˵ʲôҲšĻΪҲ˳аҲѾٽ㡣аܲⱦ
Լ˵һ仰ⱦ̾ջȥˡ
ҶЦֱһת䣡
ת䣬аĿࣺǲôôȴȫһ㣿
ⲻ֪ҶЦȴѸٵ뵽𾧣ⶫҪΪԴǿǹˡ
½Ȼûн𾧵ģһ㣬˵а˵ҶЦҲġ
ֻءҶЦĽռ䣬ȴǿ𾧣
ֻҪ޾ռ俴۵ĽҶЦ𾧣
һǣϧж٣жٽ𾧣
ĿǰҶЦղضۣôӻ൱ʱҲǾòģ
ҶЦϽһȻ£Ȼò޷˵شӦ
ΨͻȻѪˣҶЦûطȥƤԼʲôĲ᲻ʣɲҪٳźá
аһȻҶЦүҲиʮΣڷ֮ǻӦõĻҲֻܷʮã϶ǲӦģһϧ̶ȣ϶
һԼ˳ջأɲҲ㣬ԼⱦòáһҲ֪ӵĽһʲôı
ĳͼλ棬г飬ЦǧأȻҲͬһɫÿñүһƷ
ȻĿԲøֻʵֿٵİ취Ȼ϶ҪĲֻҪٶһЩͷҲǣηֱʲôĺöأ
а̴žžɽ죬ȴû뵽ȻһȻ¡Ȼ޷˵شӦˣ
ȻҶЦܸɴ֣أȻаУȡ˹Ķ꣺ⶫûͦµģԺûˣҲŵأԺ˶ӸҲ
裿ߣͬʱĿࡣ
ǰûƯǵ裬ߣ֮ѡǲ


497 ü
ҶЦ²ĶţһɰֵĿ漴ʵˣôںأۼΪʵΪ飬˵ȴܾţϽаɣǲǸʱôôһ㶼ûǸʱأ
аϵļأڶ£ҧгݡ鲻Ը˵ҧ⣡ñԪ߶Ѫ䣬ͿĨ˿ȱʧȻʶ飬ɽ뼺
ĵ쵰ֻۣѪ鷳ҲãֻҪ״֣ҾջؽôõĶͶ˵ϣֱӾǱ
ϸ˵¹غССȻǰҲǲֵġҶЦ漴ֳһȻӣԭӣȻ˵跱ܼ򵥰
˵վһ죬һտڣһͽԼҧˡ
ʱѪ죬ֱȪӿ
ȫת֮£һεɫѪȻ˳ϢصڽϣһΣһһȫ޼ϵصڽ֮ϡ
ɫѪа״˫Ŀһ
漴Ȼ̧ͷҶЦ
ĿעǰķۼɰͰؾͰԼղ˵ķںϡ
ֻǣڽںϵҶЦˣûע⵽а˼ϵѾʧȡ֮ģȴһֿ
ңƺҲһ̱ģ
һ̵ı飬ƺκ˿
ֻƺеһ٣λȻںϣھصȺ˴˿оֻз֮裬עŷ֮ںϽȣﻹעа״
ڣȫûע⵽˿̵аҶЦеаˣ
ٹƬ̣ҶЦȻ˳ںϣŸոɱֹͣȣûмһںϡ
ΪоԼĽռ䣬ƺһĳַӦ
ҶЦΨֱԷչ޾ռϡǰԵúܣаȻǽ񣬵ҶЦûСԿ˽ռա
ȻţһԣѵӦ֣˵áаϵƬģʴ˼Ѿʧˡ
ֻҶЦ˵ʱĿбȴ˺ܶࡣ
ǣʽࡣ
ҶЦԹһЦһѾû⣬Ϊܹоĵȷȷǿ󣬽ⱦܣⵤ٣⣻ȻˣǾ˵˵ڶɡ
̾˿
аҲ̾
ļթѾǶթˣںˣҲòˣȻٸ˵ǵһֻǵһ
֮ڵһ֮󣬻еڶҲеĸ
аɿһЩ˵һ䣬㵽мǱ˴йʶ԰ѻŵϰɣ
аô˵ȷʵ޿κΣҪǰһ֮쵰һֱᵽʮŸҪᣬզ죿
аڿѾ˽⵽ǰΪˣ򵥸֮Ǻ֥ڵİӡ
ڼĺڣ
ķģҵ࣬ĲࡣҶЦ̹Ȼ˵ʵеҪ뿪½Һγ뾡쾡ؽߣԣҲֵ̫ġ
а֮ĻΪо仰ȫģʶĵͷãҾͷˡ
ҶЦЦһ˵ڴҪ˵һʵҲ⻰ȫ֪Ƹ¥ڵĳΪʲôܸо׹λضĿģͼСȻҪ뿪ҪߵôæôĿȻѾˡ
Ͷλţʵ˵ǲƽġҶЦ˵һֱ룬սԣҲȷܹռһʱϷ磬ȴԲȫսʤΪǸɱ
˼£һ磬һעֵı硣
˵Խ뿪£Խָܹԭƽ⣬Ĺ켣ҶЦĬã˵ʵһֱҪսʤǵġ
˾Ĭ
аҶЦһԼȱϣҲĬ
ֻƬ̺ͱˣΪҶЦĬһ֮ȴһε˵һ飺һֱҪսʤǣ
֮УȻ¶һַĵ׵ΣģȴȼյǿҶ־Լ֡һδҵĿ꣬ǾҪ뿪ˡź
Դĵ׵źазһĪ
뵽ʱ鱦ԴӱλﰵеĶƺǸƸ¥޹أʵϣÿһڻٵƸ¥Ƹ¥Ӱ


498 ־Ƕ֣
ЩʱЩʱãЩʱıЩʱɴı
Ƹ¥ʱ棬鱦󣬸λҲγһֵֺķΧ
ЩʱȻΪĳЩγɺʱȴڰԣչ֡
λʵһֱڿ
˵ļ䵱У̫̫棬Ҹ֮УƸ¥ÿһ֣ǵ˵زⶼѾֿˣôɹ࿹⣿
λȴûС
һֱƣǼ˵ƣȴĹӪ켺̬ƣԽԽ׳ȻҪʱԷƸ¥вȴԾˣʮֵóɫ
ʵ֤ˡ
Ƹ¥´ƣΪƸΪ꣬ȴԴǿ޿ɿǱλû޵еĲʵȴԾ߸£ַƣƸ꣬ͬСɡ
ò˵ƶ֮ЩȻЦЦ뷭Ƹ¥γɶЩ֮УΨһһҼҹ࿴޿κεˡ
ҶЦһЦұϾûӮźվԲ
һֱڣҲûôҲ̾˿
һֱվԼĽǶ˼⣬ֻ֪м֪ˣȻǵʵʵԣ֮У죬ʱ˿̣վλĽǶȥǡȥ˼֪˽⵽Էѹж󣬶֮Ķ־жǿ
Էܹȷͥ·ĵزжô˵ã
аֵɫ֣Զ˼䣬֮𣬶ȻǶ֡
ҶЦĿһݵ⻰лֵѡ

У׹Լһˣϣƽһ㣬Ŀңҡҷ֣ĵȴڻţԼԴ⺮½֮
ڶ֣
Ȼһ΢紵˲䣬Ī˷֮֡
¡׹ӵЦЦӢϣԭƽı仯һֺܹ֡Źֵɫ૵ߣʱ㻯һϯ쫷ʱһ⣬ٶһˣһ֡
֣ԶǶ֡
ҿһյĵأҲڿܹһա
׹ĿעǰգȻرȻõô˼ǧ꣬ΪʲôΪô
˵ȻĶ֣ôҾͲӦ⺮½ʵˣһʹ˾ǧꣻǧûκζ֣޵˾ǧ꣬ȴҲį˾ǧ꣬һֱڣһ࿴ȤĶ֡
ȴҪ뿪ûзֳʤҪ뿪ˡ
ΪʲôΪʲô켣
׹ĿУһҹŹֵɫ
ȻѾʶʲô
ѵ˼ǧ꣬ʵֻΪλ׳΢΢ƫͷһƺɫͷһɢޱߣֱ΢紵
ˣôֻһֿˡ
׹Ŀערע뵽ʱĺȻҲ
ãźͻأشһ漴³֣޵У
ֻ𣿡
紵ƾڸ߿ˢˢɹ
棬纣
纣֣Ҷη֮Уһ˰ѩӺƺصġ
þò
գͷȥͲŵ˵ȥҾȥùݡ
˵áֵʱ򣬰׹ӵϣУȻһȵĹȻ֣һ

ڶǣץҵˡҶЦҪ˿ȻġǻȥоǣǧҪٸ˵ʲô顯ˣֻˡ顯֡
ǾֻץһˣǱ¡ƶ֮˵һˣȴҲץġ
Ȼ赭дȴʮ㣬Ȼ˵ģǷƸ¥Ҳмץ
ȴе˷֮軰һ˼ü˵ղ˵ǣǻȥǣͻΪʲôѵһĺŮӣ㾹ô
Ȼ֮Ϊ´򱧲ƽ˵ʵµ״Ȼ죬Сͬ˵ͬҲΪ˼֪˴죬ȴǿʡ
ҶЦЦһϵģ˵һ飬֮䣬ֻҽ벡֮ĹϵֹܲϵǸˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣ֮ˣιܴܲ⡣
˴˶һۣӶԷпһ
ѵλΪ˲ϧһеŮӣȻֻǡ仨⣬ˮģ
һǻ飬һôһԸˮ
ϣҶЦؿ
ãһڴӦ


499 ɣ
ûɲӦȻ˫Ѿٵжԣô˼ңѾá
˵˶Ա±ȫ޶⣬֮ͬУǴ˿̣Ϊ䲻ֵ˻ķ߿
ȻǵҶЦĿЩأҶҪҩġһǣ֥ҪꣻһǱͨݡͬҲ꣬ҩΪ˴ҽаա
뵽ƽ죬˿׹ðײã˲ãǲͨôҪǵͨ󣬸Щͨ㲻Ķ
аյüͷֶڵҩĵ֪㲩ҩĳ֪Ҫ˵һ䣬ֻ֪һֻ֪֪Ǿ֥ͱͨ磬һȻûдġҩĵ̶ȣǳ֮ģȻҵȵǾ֥߻õأǱͨݣȴǱ񹬵רƷ˱֮⣬طίʵûеġ
񹬣Ϸ۵񹬡ҪȡãΪܡΪͨݣΪһѵأϷ۱Ϸ۱ϰ֮ҪͨΪһֱ֮ΪҩҪ㵽еѴ治һѡ
ҶЦһЦǲѣֻҪƽݣ鷳蹫Ӵݣ
֮⣺ѣ㲻ͨô㲻˵ôŲҪ߶˵⣬ˣήˣˣ
аܸɴر˵˵ѾͷǱҹ۲ˡҹƣһʮа˾Ҫҵģҵδع
Ůͬʱ콿Ц۾˵ֻ
Ȼ˴ͬ·ˣܿһﵹùӴѪǸокˬ˵
ˣҴӦˡаҧΪֵܣһȥˡ漴ͲŶ˵ѾͷȥһҪԭԭĸ߰׳ȥ㣬ҿɸ㣬¹⿿Լһ˿϶Ǹ㲻ģԲۣ
һ
аЩץĵʱֻ֣ܸһ۵Ķӣ뷽跨ǰܼ㼸֮⣬û취ġ˵ԸǸ˶ӣҲֻа׳ͷŵŧĳ޳֮˲ۣ֮ܿǮģⱲҲעϲġ
һߣȻǶĳѾ˼
˵ɣʲôһ˵ɡаɴһ¿ˮ̵ļƣҶЦ˵
ҶЦһҪʯ֮֮࣬ܶϣҵ֣ҿܺϡ蹫Ӷǲмһ˵ģҾͲ
㡣аκܸɴӳһվɵɫָ棬֮ǰŵľžݣһЩֵĶʯ֮࣬ǳֵȵȣҲв٣ҵ˽أȫˡ
ӹȻ֪ǷһЩҩأ鵤ʮϰٿţҲЦˡҶЦ˵˵ʲôת𵤣𵤣񵤡ĺȤ۽磡
ܣаͬ
ҶЦȻǷͳ鵤ȴǲԸ⸶ˣ
ٺ١ڷ˵Ʒ鵤ʲôֶֻȻҲֶȥаһЦ鵤Ĺƣȴǡ֮ܶһܹȥȻףҵȵĸᡣ
ҶЦ޿޲ɵĵͷ
ǾͻһĶɣǿŸҾͺãֻҪȽϡȱһЩģӵġһЩġҶЦһǱȽϲֶ
аһߡ
˭ϲֶ
Ҳϲ
ǡĶȻҪһ
һ
һŴֽӣôһ
а۵ľࡣ
ðɣ𡣡
аҲظ
ãһǣҶЦͻȻĪЦЦǰ׹ӣҲһֱĻĳЩ£ܻҪԼǡ
ܲű˰ȫˣֻĻö񵤰ɣ
ҶЦУһ˿Ķ
һ㣬ǻȥ˵׵ġԿһۣͷӦ
аٶȿЦ
ȻλľôԿ˿ἰҪ׹Ӽ棬¾Ҫġ
׳ƫƫ
֮Ͳ˾ǡˣ
ˣҲ޷ġҶЦͻȻָı⡣
ĹʾЩζ
Ҫ㣬Ҫ㡣
ҲŲҪҰæʱ㣡
ֻʵֶΣ


500 ƿز
аһʱȻȻã
һ̣ܹףλ֮ͻȻ֮ı⣬Ϊʲô
ҲΪˣͻȻ鲻ԽĺȲһ
ڤڤУƺָһԤС
ҵĸоġаĬĬ˵

ˣ˴֮Ѿ̸òˡ
룬Ȳ裬Ⱥò衣ҶЦ΢ЦľٱٲȻò⻹ε״
˺Ų裬Щζͬ
ôһӲŵļһһ⡭
аģ˴֮һҲ̸ʲôˣΪܺ׵ıƳĵߣȻڵϼӶ
̫ˣ

˿̣ʳ֮սҲѾȥβ
۹ܹڳʵ۹õϾֻңսͱ鱦Ǳ˹ȥ
鱦ܹƣôЩȻͲκεĹ˼ɡȻȻγһ޴Ҿ֡
һҾ֣Իǳǣ
˶û뵽ǡ
Щ˾ȻϤ鱦ѪеĻˡ
мЩɱ֣ڶڵ鱦󷢳ͣĳط
ֱӵˣԭпܴӴϯȫĴѣȻôΣ
Ϊܣ
ǣ
ʵⳡҶԣʵ۹ʵҲ׼á
Σ֣˼ͷ
֮ǰǳǸµصĿǷ֮衢鱦󣬳ʵ۹治ٹԱܱ޹뷨
ȻҰ²ǲݺƤ֮ëɸĵ鱦Եĵж£ʵ۹Ȼ֮Ϊ֮Ҳδܹȫ֮ʱ鱦ѽŵ֮˰ѽ
ڱȫ뷨ˡ¾Դ±ֹ̬ȣ˸йע鱦̬͵͵鱦һ𣬱ҲݻװǱ鱦鱦Ǯ֮⣬Ҳ࣬鱦ضʱ򣬻ˮȡһЩˣǺõģ
Ψһ鱦֧Ԯ̬ȵľֻоǾдУۻ󽫾ҶЦϵҶ죬ڶڳǳǣ޳ĪפڶǵģֻСèֻǵƨûУ
ǳʵ۹ʵ۱µӣ˵һ仰ܱȫһ߰ڣ壡򲻵ܱҲ򲻵һ
Ӷˣ
ʵ۱¶䣬ֱԳӣ
ʵ۱һڶԱںжж鱦߹עࡣźӿԽԽ࣬޷ƣ˾Ͷֻˡ
Թ˲Ͼ֮£Ȼ˽ｫ鱦ߵİ˻ȥ
ôû뵽ǡ鱦֮ĵжƺƴƴʵǿǿȴͬƨû
˶۾顣
ӵɱ֣ǰ󲻵ʱĹ⾰ϤϢģձձ˵ˣ𶯵Ĵ̣ô̵ʱ߽⣬ֱݿ࣬ڣNɱֻͷתΪ鱦ã
鱦ȫ½Ǯĸ״չɣһԽǮƵĿֲܣ
սԶԶ֪ȫˣǳʹٷ֪ˣ鱦󣬷֮裬ԽǮ߽˾ɱΧ֮࣬ԡʵһټ󳬼ǳڵʮǿߣ
л˵еĴµһ֣죬϶ҪʹļףʹģȻ㲻֪ߵǳսʹٷԾҪ׷Īģ˭׽ףѩ̿ѵĵ
գ鱦ڳʵ۹ԵУ裬ΣյʱԮ֣ѩ;޶̿ٸΣΪתʤȻʵ۹£תͷͷˣ˻Ԥ侮ʯͼı죬Ѿü򵥵ˣоֱԹ£ɥĲ˷ָ
Ȼ֮µıȻƣԣȻܹ⣬ȴԽܣ
ǿƵ޷Ե鱦󣬸ڳǳеļϸ֪֮̽ѡ˷˶ΣתԼŬĶ಻ʼįҪȡøɱ֣ת򹥻ʻʳǣ鱦϶ǲܹˣʹٷǳʻʹһ޴ķ⣬ܹ֮£ɵӣ̫ӣǳʻʵ۱£Ч߸Ҳ˵
һֵĹƣڳʵ۹ѾõǿƷ֮£ܿ͹Σ
Ҳ˵ʵ۹սǿξˣ˫սŵʱеʵ롪һȺɱͻĺճ֣ǿƽ룡
ͷ߾Ȼ䡢ƽ졣
µһɱ֣µɱ֣
ɱߣ
ɱ
һһɱ
Щ˶ڶֵ˵Եˣһ־ֱȫ
ؼǣǻվڳʵ۹һߵġ
ƽһһңһȣͬȻ˼䣬ո֮Χʹĸ˲䱻ͻѪͬ
Ȼ˾ôɱɱṦ򣬵зȻɾֱǱˡ
ķŽʱ򣬴Ѷ
ʵ䡢ƽһʼ־Ѿֻ˵鱦һԼվڳʵ۹һߵʱ򣬴ֱѾ
Ͼ볽ʵ۹ж֮еľɲ֣Ծǵɱ֣ȫڸı鱦˵ǿƽ룬ս˲ʱ߽⣬ǲϡ£
ԴӻҸոʱһֱڣʵ۱²ûбʹңһֱվڻʹĴ֮ǰۿŲԶǧɱɫ˿
ߣֻֻݡ
󣬱ǴյĴ
Щǵ˶Щʲôˣʵʵ۱һɱоƽ죬ʵ
˵ɱа״ԪԼ̽ƽ죬鱦ǱߴϢĿǰѾ鱦󣡡﹩üһ
鱦ˡʵ۱ĿЩ䣬̾Ϣһѵ˵鱦ǱߵΣѾˣ
﹩ͷӦþˣңһϢʱûд˼Ȼڴ˵أ鱦ǱӦݵġ
ޡԲס鱦󣬶Բסʵ۱̾Ϣ
﹩˵ھΣΪΣʴʱڻ֮ʱȽ飬ﻹ˵òŷǱ߶ڱµҲܹģңҲѾ̬ȣӳţҪȻҲרԮ
޵Ŀԣ޵Ѵ޵ܺܡʵ۱Ȼ˵һ֮ҪѡҪġʵ̫ˡ
һֱΪʳƿѾеȣǡǲʵ۱أɱ
ɱֶǼ˸


501 ̫ðˣ
Ȼʵ۱±̬ȣ鱦󣻵ھǵ鶯̬֪ܲԱΥùλǵĻʵ۱£
ˣǱˡ
ʵ۱˵仰Ĭһ£ܹƽ£һҪȥһЩƽ͵ʱ⡣
ĿУƺ˼㽡
̫ۣ
ʵ۱¿ɱĿǽĹ̾Ϣһˣܹһ˵࡭ƫƫʵۣһְҵȻ߸ϣȴǸߴʤ
ڻʵ۱µ̾˭Ҳûǻ
˵ɶѵ˵㲻ɸɴͲҪ˰ɣеҪɡ
ֻҲǲ˵ġ
̫ӸǱߵĹˣʵ۱ʵλӵĸۡ˵Ҳܵ˹
ֹλӸģ󳬼ˡ﹩ɫͬжλӸеİ˴ˣһ⣬ȫɱ˵Ӹۡӣ˿ҲѾ˲١һΣ˵Ԫˡ
ʵ۱µɫض˶ŶλӼﶼа˴ˣ
ĿЩ֣ʣƺ֪ƺȫ֪顣
﹩ɴĻشǡ
ʵ۱΢΢ף˵
﹩ܹظоʵ۱µϣ˼֮⡣
˴ºҪһλ鱦ķʵ۱˵

˻ʱҶЦѾаߡ
ղŵ̸й̣ռϷҶЦҶүһɻ亹ĸо
£ǾǺµĸо
֪Լǰʲôˡ
ӵԼȫ޷ʵֻҪжԼ͵˲֮صĿֲǿߡ
վһаԼˡ

ʵǳɹ
Ƹ¥»ǿЩ˰ɣҶЦĿۣһգһھʱսһжעĸоʵڲð

а˻صֵʱȻְ׹һɫֵ˵
ӣôˣȷ˰׹ӵ쳣
ԭ׹һϿӣǺƽֻ˵Ǻܳ飬յİ׹⣬ȴһɿǰĳƷΧ
ֳƣȴǴδڹϼ
׹ӵǧ֮Уǰδ
׹س˼ţа
а״һ
Ҳûм׳ôص񣬲һôˣ
׹ԾаȻ˵ȳȥ䣬Ҫ֣һ顣ڴڼ䣬գκˣκ£ǡ
һݣӦǡ
ŮһһٷֿнХ
Ƭ֮зƸ¥ظַ׷׳֣Ůĵ֮£˷
ͬʱ֮еƣҲڻƶ仯
˵ʲô°ôţаĪĸоԼɷǼúܳغܳء
ʶ׳ֻҪһ춯صĴ¡
롭㣬ͬĺԪ֮ǿ棬̽һ̽ǡΡ׹һһ֣ܼѵ˵仰
а֮£ֱĿɿڴſڽ˲ʱ
Ȼµĺëը
۾ɵͬͭһ㣬òŴһˣ
׹ؿеɫɡ
ܣа亹ð˳̫ðˣ
һ뵽׹ҪԼ£аֱӻ¶ʼ£磬ԮɲΪɻһҰв⺦˼溦
׹һһµģֵܣǲܽŪһġǵķա͵λ棬ȻǵӣȴһЩرĺôλĳȻΣһһжͻἴʱɡģǻḶһЩֵۣõģ
аҡͷ粦˹ģ˸ģûɾԼɣҾԲɵġ
׹۾ֱֱа죬Ŀעһ
аڰסһ׸磡㲻ҪôңҸɻôôɣҶ㣬ϱӿ϶ǷģŻᱻһ˳Եģ
漴һĸ˫סǱˡΪȥˡɰɣ
׹֮һʱЦãſ
αЭаأ԰̾ɥ˵˵ѾĵΪʲô벻ƫƫʱ򷢷裿ҪᣬѾҲҪҸȣ˵ȥף


502 Ҫģ
׳˿̵ɫǰδеء
پĳ˼Ƭ̣ܽ˼˵ʣȻһ俴аȫ޹صĻҲλ֮裬ʲô忴
аʶüͷؿһ۰׳вðһ뷨ѵҲʶˣ
˼
׳ǲôʣаδػ˼Ǻٻش
Ȼˣа͸о⣬֣أǡʱ
ĳĬ˼ţãܲ򵥣
ص˵Ҷ˵ĸоǣ˺ܲ򵥣
Ŷа˵һ˲򵥣ˣȷǲ򵥣׹ӷЦЦ˵˵ﲻˣеݰɣ
ȣҵۣ֮Ȼ͸аصĵڴ֮ǰ֮ۿ͸ˣһҲûζʲô֪ġ
׹ȻЦ˵аཻ֪ܲƢԣһص˼µĿʾԼбﲻĶ
ۣ֮͸׹ӻͷ
һƺƺظһ䣬ͳһ˫üëȴҲģ
˵͸
аӵе֮һּ츳ܣֻҪ츳ܣֻҪԷվǰһ֮俴˵һ̣©
ΪԱȽϸߵģһۿͷо󲿷Ծܹ
ܣ˵аܡ
㣬Ҳֻа׳֪ѣаϰ趼֪ԼӾȻôһı죡
죬а֮Ҳģܿˣȿ
Ȼڣʱ˿͵ȵλ棬ȴ͸һһΪˣ
£
ˣˣ
еڶ򵥵ĵطǡа֪úܶ࣬ൽҵԤϣ̸йУԵ׽ٵͷҶթѣҽ͸ˣԭҪʵϸû뵽ȴȫЧ
ʲô׹ڶݣ㾹Ȼýˣ㵱һŵõĶҪ漸㶼ϣؾ
аЦʱҲҲҲˮľⶫǶϣҪȻ֮ںˡ֪ôڽ죬λںϽʱ̣ȫûͣô׾ٵںϳɹˡ׾٣Ƶᣡ֪ζʲô𣿡
׹ɫû˵
˿ˣа˵ý֮̽ϸ⣡
ͽϵοұթˡаǣҺλﶼⲢǶթ͸ģ飬͵òģҲû˼ˣ˶ѡ
׳ͷ
⣬һһָоǣˣ֮Ӧôһ֡аüͷǺþãȴʼոоҲԱȽϾݵĴʻ㣬ֻ̯̯֡
ν޵𣿡׹ӵʵȻȻȴһ˿â
˼аһ֣ȴ˵Ͼ˼Ͼʱ˿̵ʵ̫ˣ㵱Ϊ޵У춼Ц
׳ͷ
ڷڷз裬촽΢΢򣬵ǵģ̫ˣһȫȻûжءΪδһ
ҲȫǣҲǱûƵû·һ棬⣬Ҳȷǡ룬Ҫһ֡
аɫͻȻǰδе֣أؿŰ׹ӣϰף֪˻ȱʲô𣿡
׹ӳĬţɫ𺣬
а˵죬ûܹǰ·ϣܹ߳ȥģֻмˣ㣬ȴע֮һ
û˱㣬ȴδܹߵóȥ
ҪһܹˣˣܼѹեǱǰĶҪһ֣
аĿŰ׹ӣǵܹ߳ȥϣǸ߳ȥˣ㣡
׳͵ƫͷգԼֵܿԼд˿¶Ƿݸжֻܹ߳ȥϣ߳ȥˣ㡣
һһ١
аԣЦ
ǣۣɳЩ׹̾һĬãе
еаֻδػҲ㲻š
Ȼ˵ʼǺ󻰣ڣֵˡ
׹ӳĬһ£Ŀֳһ˿㯣а˵˼䷭Ƹ꣬ȻͣҵĿȴΪǲ
ڣĿѾǰսˡ
ΪǷݴѾȥϣҲ䵽ϡ
׹Ӽֱһ仰Ȼ˿кЩֻڼżô˵˼£εǻûκģ


503 ʵ
Ȼ켣ѭϾ߱ˡˡ׹Ӷ˶٣ʡȥмļ֣˵˵᲻һΡӦӦһοհ׵ɱ¾뷴ɣ
ԭӦ÷ȴʵ飡
һһжڸҡЩ꣬ȫû塣ôȻȫ壬ĿġȻ뿪ô˵켣֮УĿѾ֣ߴˡ
׳΢Цǲǣ
аüͷ˼Ƭ̣ų
λ£˶֪ãס
±й֮Ȼ
ƾȻȫû飬ͨϣûκεҲǾԲܷģ
ҵĿ꣬һˡ׹һ
֮ôа˲ʱᣬӦ
ʲôʸܹҿؾǧꣿ׳üͷ˵һΣҪʵ
Σ
׹һ˵ȻҲģģ
аĬãˣǾ͸ɰɣ㣡
ھͿʼ𣿡
ǣڣ׹ӳصصͷ
ʵ֮£һ֮δ޷ɣֻнѪǺȫںϱ˴˾֮Ѫʵ֮
׹˵ǱԸǿǣֻ˼ȥڸ֣ҲֻһˣȫĸεգС
֣֮Ҳʵ֮¡
׹ӵȻѡʱôǸᡣ
аԹ˵ԭˣ㻹֪д£ξϺԾǻ֮أͼλ桭
׹һЦ¶Լƣ֮ҫĵ⡣
ˣҶõϰˣǻʲôϽİɡ
аϴߴ٣ϻεĿЦȴǰ㶼ҵֱϥڵϣһׯϵ˹Ϣ״̬ڵ״̬
˼ʰ׳Ȼ̴棬һʵ类ѹȫȻ˵ްһǵ⣬ֻаһӲϵ٣ܲСģ
׳ҲƮϥа棬ͬıĿ˹ר־
㣬һư׹⵭ĴӰ׳ͷɢ뵹Ķ
ͬʱһҲаͷð˳
׹⻺ӽ໥Ӵһ˲ȫ޸ҵΪһ壬һˮ齻ڡ
Եİ׹аͬʱ֣Լλõһ£ɫͬʱͨ죬ڡ
һ̣׹һָͻȻаüġ
аͬһָͷڰ׹üģ
ָ䶨ͬʱס
׹ӶͷϳһѪ飬ʵɫƮ
аͷͬһѪ飬ȴǳɫƮ
Ѫ黺νӽȻڼһ̣ͻȻ͵ת
֮䣬ѪļתȻγһСС磬ȻƼȴǧ
׹Ȼ۾һֲµƣɲ֮䣬Ѿǰ任˾ʮŵӡȵ׼ǧΪΣ
ֻ֣ͻȻͬʱ˳ȥ
ͬһʱͬ˿ռڶһ㣬к
ͬʱһƺߣŵҡһ£ɫתΪɷף
УľѪأתţԽԽ
ɫҲԽԽס
Ѿ˲Ұɫ촽࣬ٲѪɫ
ȻΪǰ⿴Ƽ򵥵һĻ˶ѾԼܹãܹ߶ȫ͸֧
͸֧
ٹƬ̣׹ͷԳһСˣСȻֻĴָСüȻԼòһ޶аͷϣҲֳͬһСˡ
СԣͻȻС˵ĿУͬʱһѪ
Ѫ˲ʱڿУϸϸѪһ˲Ȼֹ
漴һ׹⣬һ⣬ֱ죡
þòɢ
׹ƺһһϽɫѪűȻȥаȴҲòȥǰһڵɫѪҲֱͦͦĵȥԲѡ
˶ǻԹȥ
ʵһһâԾڳŲȥ
˶Ѿһ֪ˡ
ֻǣѾ֮£Ͼʵ֮٣ûʵ׽ٷɣǵ׽״̬Ψѣ
֮󣬰׹
һ΢𵴡
ȻмĵϣȻ˼֡
һ쳣ȫʧˡ
ֹ֮󣬵аӻʱֻ׳ŵϼַ
⼸֣ôͻȻڵϣּ쳣Ȼһ塣ңĵȥһۣѾʧһ롣
׹૵˫ʮ飿ԡ⵽ʲô˼


504 ֮ɣ
ʵʮԷֱֺ棬һЩֻ֣ЩȴѾģҲԷֱ档
׹ӷѾĿǿϳеļ֣ǬΪһġ˻׹ӵһ૵˫ʮ飻ǬΪһġ
ڸּίʵҲˡ
⼸ʲô˼¶ȳôаʵ
׹ӲδشȻڳ˼ڽѪۡòϢȴ˿ᣬĿۣһ˲˲
аܹԵظоڵİ׹ӣĿͬϵǳһ㣬貣ƺ̽һ㡣
ã׹ǡۡһһѪǴͣ˵֮䣬ˡ˫ף⣬ʮֶ֪˶˭Ӳ֪ʮʲô
аʱЦԷǣĥôϰ죬ѪѪģĥЩ˼Ҷóô֣µôӪգ
׹Ӻһزһ㣬֪޶գ޶ͬã֮䣬ֻһˣһλףǣȴʾ˫Ĺ£Υ
ǵ䣬ּģǿϳǬΪһģԢӵĺ֪״һģǬΪעǬΪע׷ֳʤһΨһף
˵׳˵ʲôأղ˵ġǡǡһ˼бҪֿ˵ôŪɵС㣿аɫЩÿˣ
׳һ㶣ȻǺһЦ˵Խ㻹ϣ˵˵һ˼ôȻƲ޷ֱ𣬵вȴǾ޴ǰ˵λףǬΪעȻǴҲֻС飡ȴλףһսǬ˭Ψһסдзֱ𣡡
Ŷôһ˵ˣ˼˵Ҳλĳ桢ĳΪעһģֻĳĳ棬ľǿߣΪעһʤʤΪ
ˣνǬֻҪν硢λĽޣоǣȻֿܣҸںߡ˫Ϊ˭ܹ£ǬΪעʤΪ
׹ӳһ漴ҡҡ׹аһ֮ס
հ׳״аƣˤһ£㲻ûСһ˿϶ûˣȻ˺ܲıģ˭ð׳ֵܵģһ°ɡ
ȻڴʱͻȻĿ⣡
һ϶£һԶ
޾˸һ£漴Ȼʧ٣ްۼ
׹ȫ岻ʣɴཫӶаϣֵ֮׹⣬֪ʲô
˶֪ڸղŵһ˲䣬֮У׹ڲͬλͬʱ𣬴϶£Զ
λ۷ǿߣڴʱϤѣ⣡
ûѵģֻ˵һ£Ǿǣ㻹ǿ
׹⣬˼ȴѾʧ
û֪䵽ȥη
Ҳ¶ˡ׹̾˿ǳȴĵľ䣬ԼĻӦþֲɲΨԵ߲ſɵ֪ǵԵֻǰ䣬Ե࡭
а㶺Ǻǵţͷ磬˵˻ôߵһҲûء
׹ƣЦЦȻһ׵аĻУȴأԻ
˫ʮ飻ǬΪһġ⣬ʲô˫ô˫˭

ҶЦ߷Ƹ¥֮ԼһȥԼ鱦ר֮Уر˲κ˴һҪϢҲҪһ˼ʱ޻£ٳ
ԴѾһ顣
ϣҡ
ھĴ֮ʣͻȻоһĪ𶯡
һëȻĸоȻ
漴ռƺҲͻȻ־𵴡
ҶЦ͵۾âӼԶʣһʲô
һֻ̣䡱һԴžһ޾
һľʹͻأļϮǰʱһڣ˼˹ȥ۾ʱƺԼԼؿ˼֡
ҶЦּ֣˳˫ʮ飿ף⡭ʲô˼
ҶЦ͵ؽǰδеķʽȼͬʱǹëȻĸоҲ֮
ͬڰ׹ӵ㯣Ϊ֪Լõ޾ռ䣬һ仰ǡ˫һ飡
˼Īس仰
˫ʮ飡
ô£


505 ֱ
ͬȴƽȻͬĻʲôζʲô
ҶЦ֪֪⼸ʲô˼Ҳ֪⼸Ϊγ֣׹Ҳ֪ͬԼ˾޴֮ŵõ仰ҶЦ߲ûκθͬˡ
£仰ģֻˡ
а׳ҶЦ
ˣףҲȫȻ֪
ҶЦҪԼղſʮ֣ʲô˿ٶȻ룬ȴȻ־Ȼһӡûˣƺʮ֣ôĪĳԼǰԼȻ󣬾ʧˣʧȫ޺ۼ
ţҲȫӡò滹м䣬ֻһҲˡ
һƺǡǬΪһģ
ҶЦͷô£Щֵʲô˼أ
˼֮ʣͻȻ־һת
ռ𵴣Ǹӵľˣ
ֻ˵Ǹӵˡ
ҶЦԴ˿ǲ˿Է飬ʶռ䣬һ֮£ɵôһ
ֻռеϤĪı״ͬһطȥ޾ֹݣ
ҶЦϸ֮£ȴв֪˵ЩʲôǺˣΪⳡʵģȻǡ
ҵ찡֣ǸĳҶЦ۾ֱˡ
ֻԭСһСĵ֣ھͬһǴСѾ˴ϣϵĿҲʮ߽ô
òƻԶԶûᣬΪ޾ԴԴϵŵ䣬һٴ㺣ڡ
һεȻ֮ǰκһΣȷ̬ƣ֮ǰÿһȫܺͣ
֣вУҶЦֱˣ⵽զ£㲻Ҫңռɣ
ҶЦҲ벻һֱʵʵĵ֣һȴʲô̼ôͻȻ裿
Զ׼͵ô̺ȥ޾ռһߣֻ¾иΣգ
΢΢ҡڣƺʾʲôȴǸĳˣֻһζպХĺ
ӴԴԴ뵰У־Ȼȫ޸ɲ˵ļ󣿣
Ҫ֪ҶЦʶ޾ռôһʱ䣬ҶЦĿ⣬뵰֮еȻٿԹıһټʮԼˣ־ȻһûУﾨ̺
ҶЦ㶣תľռ䣬ôȡľռǺò˵Σ
һ룬ĿҶЦʹ֣ľռ˿̵״ֹǺòˣֱ̫ˡ
ֻľռ֮ԭռе뵵ɫ֮˼ѾϤʧˣỹڱǿгȡȻڴЩҩԴ֮еԪ
ԭֲľռҩ˿һ⣬ȫֳһήļơ
ۿţôȡȥľռҩֻ¾ҪĻһ
ҶЦɫ䣬תͷ鿴Աߵˮռ䣬ֻ֮ǰտˮ飬᲻ʧһ룬ʣһС룬أˮ֮λͨǱߵ֮С
ռ䣬ռ䣬ռ䡭
пռһ⣬ȫѾȡɺԡ
Ѿʼȡڤˡ
εĶǰԵֻ˵Ӧ˵Ǳвǣ
ԲۣҶЦһ쵰ͣͣѿռˡ쵰
ҶЦ߽йУǵǱȴ˿ûֹͣ˼ҶЦ˹ȥֱӽְϣȻԾӿǰֻ̹⾰ͽҶЦϴˢ˼ٱ顣
ɲǼǵﱬٹƬ̾͵ñҶЦһæ뿪ն״ڡٶۿʱ˼ҵԾﾨ̺˿ѷɫ
ڵǰѾ鵤ִĿ⣬ǧţ
ÿһţǵƼ鵤
ǣҶЦѾ˲Щֻһζֵŭȣͣ°ͣ쵰֪ڸʲôں֪ô˵
ֻǲҶЦô־ǿȻֻһ
ڣҶЦĿɿڴĿƿ֮Уռеȫȡ˳֮һԴʱ򡭡
֮һָĻЩƷĺöЩһ㣬һģѱ˵βΪ촷ۣ
ҶЦĿ¶׹⣬עĳȴĳڿתƣƺҲ֪ôȥ⼸ռĻᱻٵˣǣҲаѾһؼʱ̡
һ̣Ư𣬾ƯƵŭӯҶЦǰͣתһɹֺõشŨŨĴߴ֮⡣
ƺڱңҡҰ
һѾ˵СƴģԼҪʳһ㡣


506 棡
ŭĵҶЦ˲ʱһӵĺߡ
ôĽʲô°
ԼۿźôӿԼıǿгȡȫ޼ϵӿ뵰֮У˸ȥǿɶܹĳö
һȻӲҪߴԼ
ֻҶЦҲʶˣ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ǱͻȻ⣬ҾԲС⡣
־ԲҪռ䣬ǱԼҪ᲻޾ռ䣡
ΨһɾֻСԼҲǿƲסˡ
Ѳɣȥ˷ıԵزô
ȥǸʱһӦ㣬Ļ¡
ֻǹһֱӾǼɵ
ĵۣǷģ
ҶЦ״ϣһҧгݣһ߼æóаողŸԼľžҩ˵ֱһԶľռ֮У߲ŸոһóռŨȫȥľռ䣬֮һֿǰҵ̬͵ر
ּ״ϲˢһֻصϣһеϯԱ֮ǰҪӿ͵ٶ
ҵģԭղŻļޣղžȻѾڿô
ҶЦ״ﻹҵϵæµԼռָĺöȫó鱦ȡöûκι˼ɵȫӽ˿ռ䣬йࡣ
ڣڤսսﻹұ֮
˵ʵҶЦ˿ڤͦһͦٱأԾ鱬õգ˵ôͲأ
һҲӲģҾⱬݵĵ֣ήˣ
ҶЦĵرͶռ䣬֧Ԯ֣һƷʶ֮ˣЩŶռ֮һ󲿷־Ȼ˲ͱ촷ۣڶĿԼ֮ޣ
ҶЦһͶʣȷʵ๻ãڵõⲨ֮ǷϲжشݵҶЦС
⣬һҲĴ
ǰһҶЦоϲп־塪
ҪһҪ
ҶЦһҧɴཫմаǱԴһȫ˽ȥ
һԴ֮Ӵ󣬵ͬСɣͶ˲䣬Ȼռ䣬ʱ
ŵֵĳȡռķֻٶԶʤƽʱͬСɽһ׳۵ĲϣҲۿɼٶѸٱȥ
ѾҽȥҽȥҲҵĶȫ˽ȥҶЦҲ޲ߣֻʣµȴˡ
ģֻ
ҶЦǸղһʱռ䱬ĺԼǰ۷ʱڣҲñűһټʮΣ
⻹أ͹۵Ĺƣ
ڣôӴ󡢼ǿֲĺͳͳ˽ȥ
ټ֮ǰֳɵЩ
ҶЦ޷󣬵־Ҫٵ
޷ô֮󣬾һʲôӵľ춯ǿڣ
ѵܷһȡЦǿһټʮĶô
֮󡭡
ƽ
ռĳһӦǳԱˡ
ٶȰĴϣһˡ
ҶЦƽæؽ뼸ռ״һ֮£ֱӾʹһ¡
ľռҩ⣬ȫήҲ̬ƣв΢ͼһЩҩѾ˻ҽ
Ը߼һ֣ҲһԪ˵ӡ
Ҳ⣬ÿһƬҶӶ
ļռ䣬쾧ֱ֮һķڤҲһήҲĵУҪ˵ֱһ˿Ϣûˡ
ӣҪָԪֻҪһ൱õʱˡ
ҶЦգһ
ٶǰǾĿѾԲĴһĵ֣ҶЦһΣ˵㵽׻Ҫʱ䣬ܷ
ֵĻ˻ӡ
һ־Һܵ
ĳҺܵҺܿҺܻĵԣҶЦĵĸе޿κˣǻԹȫһ޿κε̾
ֻǰŶѻɽĵ񵤣ҶЦҲеˡ
һţܹ첨˵񵤣ôһһѣֱеһĶҪƷ׵ĶУ
ôĲô
ȵȣǡһֱҶЦˣѵҩ֮УȻ˸ʡ뵹â鵤֮ʶɫһ䡪
ˣ
ҶЦһĴȣ
ǡⲻǶ𣿣



507 Ծ֣ѣ
׹Ŀǰ񵤣ղ״ΣҪ̫󣬻Ȳʮ𼱵֣ҶЦͷܷŵĶȫͶ⣬ǲѽ׹Ӹġƶ񵤲ҲһԶȫ˽ȥԽȼü֮
ʵǶȻųƹЧ족ڲͬʹõƲϣȴֹһ㵵ζѣܹ֮ж֮Чӻ֮֮ӣΪֲ֮ˣ˴ǣƣֱ˴˼ȫ淴ĶԳЧӦνĶ֮ܣ֮ǽĲںһУһܵĿܡ
꾿ҩﱾҩǺǿ˵
͵ǺԼƷʵı׼ԣ˵ǱˮнŅ̀
ʵЩҩģԽռ֮ڵֵǿȡ֮£Ʋٵһǧ鵤ҩģ˲ͻ˻һңĵûɶ
ղնҶЦϾˣֱ˿̣񵤣ֻ»δؾͻ뵽ԼŪһ㲻С©ء
©ҲȫûЧӦ
ϾŶ쵤
ȻԤҪٺܶ࣬Ѿȵ׹Ķ
ֻǣҶЦôʹ㣿
Ŷ񵤣ʮͷ׼ͷҪ㵽ĲϣЩձ㣬ųɾնԼġ
ڶԷĶ쵤ֻöԷϵһݣѾܴ´ˡ
һԸԼߵˣһЩ׼
ı˺ôռײռռ˲ռ
ȻҶЦַѾĻֶҲҪռ˵ˣһ˽еˣоΣʱ򣬻˵оӴѹʱ᲻ϧһСΪԼΪԼߵˡںˣı棡
Ͼܹȥ壬ĺһЩһЩʲôϵ
ڶ԰׹ӣа
׹ӴΣҲȥۣΪΣ֮ǰԼʼշжԣ仹ɱط𣬶ˣܶ຦һѣıһЩôҶЦôҲÿģ
аȻܶȴһѵˣһһˡ
ˣҶЦͱĶԣԸ֮ΪѣԸΪС
ڵȴôѡ
һ˼Ϊ̫ߣλ̫ߣԼĽύ˼δأΪòԼˣҶЦԼػԼΣԶԶûеܹĵĵز
ʱҶЦѡģǡչ˺ãǰҪҺǻˡ
֣⿼ǣûиȥǡ
ֻǣӻúܣԺ飬ʱ£һһδ˭֪Ǹʲô
ԣģǶа˵δعƽʵߵ˵ȴǾġ
ҪѣڵжԵ˵ǾԿµġ˵ȴǾԿɿģ
ڵУǶħǱСˣ⡢֮ĴڣУԶǸֵˡŵˡһʹůЦǸˣ
ϣҪģѡҪֹĴ
ҶЦÿһ⼸仰ĵ׶һˡ
Ǹѩ°̶ͦ罣ˣ
ֵܡ
һǧѩļ˵ⷬʱ֪˵Ҿѣ
ԣΪս£ΪѪȾΪƶˣ
Թ޻ڣ
׹аѣҲĽΪҲֵܡȻֵѾˣǡֵڣ
ֻҪһţУͲ飬Ӳ
ҶЦЦţԶ
ӿռȡ˼ŵ񵤣ȥ
񵤣βûá
ոҪߵʱ򣬵ͻȻ漴λƵƮƮҶЦǰ
ôͣڿУƹƹȥƺڱʲôԸ
ҶЦ״üողѹµǻŭٶŭѾĻôôһνһɨգѾҵľŴռһ;ƿݵ֪֪ǣ㵰ộôĺöȻôģôġۣ
ҶЦأԲָͷݺݵĵ֣õڿһҡΣǵʲôڣһԪǿߵĳںĳ˵ǳҶЦ˼ʲŭƽ֪йŭԼҲǰ״Щץ˵㵽ҪôŻ㲻һأ
һҡΣʱһʮί
İǱϣϵ£ﻹʲôҸļһһû˰
Ҫô죿
ί˼־⼸仰ʵ⼸仰û˵ϾֻĻ˵Ȼ죬ǿ󣬾ֻһѡ
ֻǣݺ壬ûǺġ
ҶЦԼоԼʵδǡˡǡˡֽ
˸ȥ㵰ġ㶼˵ˣҶЦʱԲ۾ǰһСĵ֡
Ҳ˵ôͻ˵ˡί
һΣҶЦظоˣʱһɼȾϲĸоͷ
ôģҾȻܹͬһŻûзĵչ뽻벻۶˰ɣҶЦЦǻԹ̼䵴Ȼ޴档
ִ˼б飬ȻһӵĺߣУǱŬ뽻òã︶κŬˣ㵰ۣĵأ
˵Ǹ㻹Ҫʲôܳ׷ҶЦʵ
ڵָղǹΪ̣ʵоøûо
ҲҪ̫رĶֻҪͺãһҪöööֵ
Ҫöҵģ㵽Ҫˣ֪ˣţǽô£֪֪ôȡ̫ˣ֪˶ٺöô
ܹҶЦлѹѾõȲй֪֪ٵĶܹٺôѵ㶼ϸˮôôһʹˣ֪Ҵ˶鷳ô
޾ռ֮еĿռѾͣˣʱֻ޲൤Ҳаں½ĸɶڵ񵤵ȻУѾûиԴԶһˣָ㷨ʵǡʵǡҶЦǴᣬȻҪĽѵһĳ
һ⣬һ⣬šƴͣΪôҺγ֪ܺ棬ϸˮĵǽ졭
ֽţȻʩչһط̽رܵԾ֣Ծ֣ȴڶ϶ϲܽ⿪ģòʵǣҲԾ֮УھУɼǻᱻͻȻѣΪάϵһƽ⡭
Ծ֣ѣƽ⣿㵽˵ʲô֪˵ʲôôҶЦ㶡


508 
ʲôԾ֣ȻܹһŻûзĵ
㲻һŵôȻԳάϵһƽ⣬ҲٴԲһ㣿
УһŵȻô̸¶Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҳңأ
أԲҡţȻǹһγƪ֮𽥳ֳЩ΢ζ˫һ顭˫ʮ顭
У㵽˵ʲôصĵġҶЦüͷֱǰìܣì֮
Ȼ˿ֵ̣Ѿģˡ
Ȼ֮ѾҪˡ
ԴˣҶЦЩ񣬺׵ܽˣôôһͲˣôĵ۰
˵˵Ѿộôĺöؾô仰ûˣ㻹ܸܲӰܼһЩôһؼϣںƣ
ڿƮţˣȻ޷Ӧ
ҶЦʧȻҪ뿪ʱ򣬵ͻȻҵػζһ£漴ӵϣ˵صһɫҺ塣
һҺ֮󣬵ۿɼֳòǶЩˣһ˻ȥصϡ
عΡȻ
ռΪϡֿʼۼǱ߳ˢ
ҶЦεȼʶ˲ʱǵΰɫҺǵߣһ֣һɫҺѾԼġ
Ȼֻоһ֮ǵҺ˲ʱʧˡ
һ̣ҶЦԸоԼȫ£ͻȻһĪˬοо
·Ҳࡣ
ԼҲ˲Ϣ֮ȻһأҲһ󲨶漴ƺǳһЩ˵ʼһЩ΢ֻ˵ı仯
˵ʲôҶЦЩƣʵҵĲ
һζشλãһ
ҶЦٵһᣬֹȻԾȫ޶ԼòҲûڳʲôһı仯ٲɣ˿ռ䡣
ȻŸոһص棬Ǿһ˵ľ֮УһҶЦԺ֮оš䡱һ
Ȼ䣬һӴһĺԺȻ
˫һ飡
˫ʮ飻ǬΪһġ
ˣԾǵȻֹȻ׹ȴʡ
ֻǣҶЦȴʶĸоԼƺǶֶʲôϸǱһ룬ȴƺʲôûио
૵ǬΪһģʲôʲôģ
ֻ֮࣬һӾǾĬ
ʧ
ҶЦ͵˦˦ͷüͷ˼˰Σ૵ģǶԶ֮֮һôôҪ˭ģ
ĪЦһ૵Ӵģ
˳ȥ

ͬһʱ䡣
Уָ˼뿪аİ׹аüͷЩ꣬Щį˵Ҫģ˭Ҷģ
аȻʲôҪģѵҪȥĲɵˣǱˣҪĳйҲôס˰
׹Լѣ̾һ˼ȥ
һģ˭
ͻȻ̾һ

ʵУƣƶһɰ͡
ȻͷΧȴͻȻ֮͵س˲ŵľ޴仯
ƼٴӵһҰٶȷӵ֣ԭ֮磬Ȼ˲ʱ仯Ϊ޿ɿܵĿ쫷磡һ£ǳͷеģͬһʱﻩ
ٹƬ̣ڳеľ⣬
ΪĴ
һͨĴ
֮ܶȻĳΪԭ㣬ԭľȫεԭ෴ķȥ
ⱾǾԲӦƬֵ֮飬ǾΥȻɵ飬˼ȴƫƫˡ
Ȼһ̣û˷һΪˣΪߣεأȫһεø۾
ȻʲôҲ
˼ʣǷɳʯ죬ֲָ
ǰδľ޴磬ôͻأγɣ
γɵһ̡
ֱʣ
û˿ڱεգȻ䡱һγһҲƵ״ǡ磡
ڣüȻƬĿĵĹâǧɣҡͷβֱ죡
ھ֮޿ɿ⡢ǰδ쫷磬Ҳ֮ȥ
ڷһ̣аʱͷ˲Ծ͵ԾҪô£ûֵһβͣаӶʱǱֵˤ˵ϡ
ˤ˰׹ǰ
˲棬Ĺͷ˽ڣˤڵϣȻһҲܶòƻգۣţ
һĻ׹Ĵһ
аΪۣ½ϣȫ˵ţʲô½һ޵аʵһ£ΪֻҪаԸ⣬ھͶ֮½
ں½λԣаǱ񣬱컹ߵĴڣ
Ǵ̿ͣλھȻһεˣ
һҪȫûпأɾʹıһKO
ôָжأ
оǣܹһKOаôݻ½òҲӦþֻƬ֮飬ǣѾôʱˣǾ㱸޿ɿ֮ľ޷磬ȴǶͨˡľûа𺦣
⡭Ϊʲôأ
ˣһţһڵϣǳ׳׹ӣûûаӣ˼ʶĿǰĿƣ̲סɫ䡣
֮֮
׹૵˵ţŸո˵ڣѾ紵ɢ
֮С
쫷γɵľأҡͷβӵǧɣɡһ·ϣһ·ھ£ѾڱƬա
ͷ˼ʶѾ֮ϣֻһβͻƲ֮ڡ
ٹһ˲γɵľ͵һȴǽͷ̽Ʋ㣬ųǳĳطͷΡ
ƺڡ¾ֻ
͵سձ𣬼ʧ޾֮С
һ֮࣬ûصı꣬¡һ¾ʹ
½ǰҲֻһ˲Ĺ⾰˲ʱ׺ɣĿһƬ
ģռȫ磬ȥ
¡¡¡¡
꣡
꣡
ͬʱ磬ڿвϽ֯û˿֮ϣȻγһĴ֣
γ֮󣬽ž
ص硣
ж
һģ
ɫƽ֣
Ӣ˭
أ

һƽ֣
ʮ
֮󣡡
Ǭ£

ϵһ֣ȫȫڿγɣȻ


509 Ǭ£
Ƭ½׵֮Уš
׹аϾʵΪǿԶԶĳ缫ޣעյ׵磬ȴû˿Ĺ˼ɣȴǱ轵֮ܳ
أԴ㶣һ仰Ҳ˵
һɺӾ֮ƮƮ¡
ûκ˶֪Ҫʲô¡
֮Ǭ£
׹а϶һ޾ĺȻ֡
Ҳ˵ǵʱ䣬ֻаˣ
ǳ겻ȥôζԶزȥˣ
ǵزȥˣôⱲӣ񲻾ֱӵˣ
νǬ£ɲǼ򵥵λֱͨӳ׶ܹĳһλ;Ǿԭʹڵλλ֮ͨɴֱܱ˺ѵ˲ʱͨȫգ
ֹڴˣʱгĳλڵ˻λĻô˾ͻᱻĨɱ
׹ӡ㶼ڴ֮У⣬ǹŽšʥں½ܻˣͽܼĳԵʶں½ıҲ֮ڣУҶЦϰҶ졢˳ȱֻѾס˺ܾõҲ⣬ξһ㣬ʵ½ޣԭʵȴλ֮ϵģȴڷ·Χ֮У
֮ܶһ仰Ǭ³֣Բַ
ԣ׹ӺаԼƶ֮֮˵ʱֻаꡣ
ʱ䣡
İʱ䣡
ֻôʱ䣬ܹüô
ӶԷϿء
Ȼ԰׳ĳȣа˼ĵҲͽֻˣ
ڣҪеϣȫλˡ
Ψܹʱ񵤣ʸ˵ϣ˵δ˵
ܲó
Ȼܹһţܲ׹һ˵ҪǸأ
ܲõ
ûܹȷţ
ʱ䣬Ȼһɱ
ڲʱǧҲǵָעʱȴܲĶ꣡

оϲȴֲ֪Լ׸ÿ޸ЦҶЦλƵ߳䡣
⣬С
˿̣ںϾţŲ衣
䣬ƽ죬
ɱ鵭Ȼڷš
˽ɱͷս֮˿һĻƻеԵĲ˼飡
ܹλͬʱһأһòڵȴͬһˣ¡϶Сˣ
Ȼ鱦ֱȽˣ
һҹһҹɱɱ˵һǰδе
Ҫ˵ѹȸеģҲǸտʼʱ鱦һսһ˵ʱ̫ȴһڻԭҰǰΧĸоԵķΧʱض˲ʱǿܵΣ飡
һȴעⱲӿ̹ġսۣ
ںȥʹ֧Ԯɱ˴ҹȽ˵Ҫɵöࡣ
һǱսѾƽʵ۹Ͼ˶ڣ˱Ͳɱ
仹еģзˣһ˭ɴδսӣֻҪ˲ɱ֣֧£ϽĶӣ
֮ԻȻΪ֪ƥУһҪԭڣϳǣȻҲ뵽ĿǰЧ鱦󣬶鱦ԼµӣԼʽ붼
ֻҪ˲ɱ֣ԼȻͲ֣һ֣ɱԷԼȻòˣɱ˶Էʱ鱦ԼˣͬҪҪΨһǲսֱ˲ܲ
ʵֹˣ鱦ĺɱ֣˵ĶûУʱ˸ҶԿһ鱦ɱ֮зɴŷݡ
սۣǲòƷ˵ȥˡ
˼ʼҶЦͬʱվ
Ҳ
ܺáҶЦ΢Цһ£⼸˾ҪٵˣרһΪ˿໥һ£Ա˴˵Ҳ൱洦ﵽйŵĲΣͿԷӳЧ
ҶЦ˵仰ʱȴרעĿ˵ġ
Ϊ֮оֻһϰ׶βפ鱦󣻶ˣһĴǸҲϲߵġ
ƽ죬ǽϣȫҶЦϣ֮ʮۣпܣһҲ뿪Ҷġ
һҲ룬ҪҶЦԣ̫ˣһһĸţ붼ÿֲ˶ΣƽҲһ㣬һĴ鱦һ
һȻЦЦεĵģдͻԵ񹦣һĳȴǾԲ뿪ģ뿪
ԾǣžһЦ
û뵽ϵĵһɱ֣»Ȫ䣬ȻҲôʱ


510 
ƽкЩȣܹд裬νƽ֮ԸۼԸ棬Ļ
һߵǼȻܹͬʱżһ񹦣֪Լõʱ׷λУˣޱʥڣԾԸһϡ׷һ׷
ĺѾǽ˵ǰǿУںôȥִܲǰװռ˱ˡ
ҶЦһ˵ǻαǣԼȥĥǱʱҲ⡭źҲúܣν˵
ͬӦ
˵ŻһصĽŲһͥŲӺˣ
ţˡҶЦͷһҪءղŰŵ鲻ظҪ˵һ¡
Ҫ˵ͣĿһ
һ¡ҶЦкâһһΣҪ¶֪ǮƵܣѷɫھ֣ƿ۹ͨ񣬾ֻ˵˵ѡ
һЦԴģ˵ʵⱾһֱҪɣȴʼò顣
ҶЦЦЦһεͣҪô졣
͵ݣǲϧۣһζԸ鱦ˣ㿴ǳһʲôǮȽϺʣ
һ仰Գ
ʼֻһˣȻ½ļߣڴǮǾ޶ǮƣʼһֽܵųͿܡ
һ͵ĸĿģּ壬棬ٴ˺ǧ꣬ûκһ˸Ҷ࿴Ҫ˵ǡɱߣ͡ҶЦ˵
ĵµĪͷһȣѿڶáȻˣǲԸһЩ
ҶЦţԳǮ
Ըüɫ裺ֵҲУ˵Ǯȴǲڻµģ֪Ҫö٣
ҶЦ۾ЦԴոһڣΣ
һ㶣漴ͨһ˵ϣһ̫ͻأ˲ʱѣ쳣ضͻٿϰ壬ɷףԲͭ壻һӵʨӴſڣɵǽϰɵˡ
⡭⡭δ⡭̫˰ɣôǮŰˡ
ô⣬ôǮҲû׬ҶЦһֵʵ
ô㡭Ǯ
ô㣿
ϼʹĳ鴤鴤鴤
治ãô˵ôǮĸ֣ΪʲôĴûأ
үôһӽһףſڿӵļһ
һԵƽ죬˼Ҳ鲻ԽŴ죡
һӣ
ȻȫĻЩӶѻһǱˡ
ھУȻֻǡôǮ
˵֮ʱĿҪǲм赭д̬ȣֱ˷裡
һְ᣺ҿɲ񵤣Ҳ
ҶЦüʲôҸղŲǸˣΣһΣһҪȫȫһѪĽѵ£ӴʵʵҪﵽһݵĿģͱô
̾˿ڡòôǮ
˵仰ʱûвʲԸ˼ԼԼЩζ
ǰܶô꣬½ô꣬ȻһҲòʵˡ
Ҿҵ㣬ҲֻóֵһѣֻЩˡ
һڵһ룬Ҳǧڣ
֣䣬Ƴ֮⣬Ҳûеڶܹ˵óһһ֡Һܲܶʵ
սȻ˳µĵõ˷һܿİۣûá
һɫ
䣬ƽ죬Ŀࡣ
ȻͷĲﲻ㣬Ǿֻܽһ׼ˡҶЦ˵š˿ûвĸͬʱͷ
Ǯ࣬һ׼
仰˵װ֮
Ǿ͵ޣǪӣһͷҪڽ֮ǰϢ
һΣ鱦Ҫһͷ
ȥ죡
ǧһţʮڣһٸʮڣһǧڣһǧڣ
ң⻹ֻǰͼ۵ļ㣡
ȫûЩǧġӣȻǴҪһӾͽǧһԵȫҳȥ
ǮǵͷôǾǮֱǣ
ҶЦݺݵ˵
¡
ȫܹоԼòƴһ𣬴Ƭµĵһ󸻺˲ʱһһĲ⵰
ǧڣȫͷ
ǽǧеĻȫͣ
öǮôûˡ˵
ҪʹͲҪʹҶЦһ˵ұ֤ܹڽһ֮ڣͽЩǮȫ׬Ҫ׬ҴӴ֮һݣҲû˸˵Ը㣡


511 ȥ
䱣֤ٶȻָ˻棿
ƭôҶЦб۾
ûСãǾôˣ
ϵķһҵض£¶׺ݹâЩʼսԼļһҲѾˡ
һΣȻ˾ˣôԷſֽţ浶ǹĴһ
Ȼ»ҪԣĸȺȺоһ¡ЩȽϹģȽҪġֱԣȥһ֣һʡǮҲ׸ģЩôҪģµɱ֣ҲǿԸһ֣ʡǮˮ
ҶЦ̻ǧ̫ʵˡõֶεʱ򣬻Ҫõģͷ˲ǵͶ£Ҫ
ֻ۾ԽԽԣԵģԶԶԡ
ˣĸˣһˣɱֺúоһʧһ£Ͳκˣһ
סһҪڽ֮ǰȫףһҹ֮䣬
ҶЦ˵仰ͷʹʩʩȻһɵ߳鱦
ʣĸˣ˵Ȼ
˲ʱ˵еĳˣҡͷԿĭ׷ɡ
ɱֵǸأ۾ʱͷʱԡ
ȻӴġֲļƻڷһǮΪɱֱʾҺȤ²С

ҶЦ߲һո߳鱦󣬾Ϳ棬һµӰվ񻣬͹£㷢ƣȻվڵϣȴֺʱܹ˷ȥһ㡣
һòʵʥ
һ˫ˮһӣԼһʱѾԼϡ
£
ֻǴ˿̵ı£еһֿƲסĸζ
µɫէһƽƽһžҶЦ߳һ̣ƽֳһ˿΢Ц
΢΢ڷƮ񵭵ЦЦ˼βûаæһε㣬һΣңȻ˵ллûʵôһҪĵ˵һ䣬лл
һϯҶЦһʱֱЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
ŮˣΪԼ£ϧһеȥ֮㡣˵ǽԼˡ˵ѺȥңȫԼ֪Ѿˡ
ԷƸ¥⣬һὫԼصеȫնݳȮ
ʶԼ֮ǰһΪصŮ˰
ʲôԭһ˳嶯ġֻΪԼľ֮
ΪԼô࣬ڣʱ˿̣ȻҪԼл
⣬ҶЦĲ֪ôӦˣ
ֻоԼУζӳ¡
ΣӦøлŶԡҶЦ̾˿ֻǣǺοأ
򵥵һʻµͻȻֳʣƺ˲ʱ
Ǻοࣿ
֪Ǻο֪ࣿԳܣԸɣԾôˡ
Թ޻ڵˣ
ڣʱ˿̣Ծ˵ҵı⣬ǧһ䡰лл
Īô
Ȼô
ŪˣĪǣ
εĻᱨľ֮ȴû뵽ֶǷһΣĪ⣬֮κΡ
ȻһƵᣬƽᣬ񵭵ЦЦԽǷԽ࣬ҵĻҲǻˡ
ҶЦʲôѣ֮˴˻Ӧ֮壬ﻹõһ֣
ô³һ£΢Цǰѣ˵ãҾֻúƤһˡ
ҶЦͷǵģѣϣҸ֣尲˳˳Ҫࡣ
´зѣû¡һҪġ
𣿴˻˵ҶЦʵ
ԺҪתȥˡ˵麮½ѾʺٴҪȥҵʦţӦפڣҵ֮ء
ҶЦԲĬһ£֪ܹٶʱ䣬ڣвֲĹδֻܾҪ죬Ҿܹ㽫֮ϣ޺󻼣ʱиһҲ޺ǡ
ˡ΢Цڵ״Ѿ㣬ģǾû⡣ʣµĹ٣ϰɡҲûʲôӰ죬ٽһʼά״Ҷԣûʲô𡭡
ҶЦٶĬȻ
ά״ٽһôûǲ๦پȥǰ·̹;ԣǲ๦ٲȥֻά״ãԪڣȻһͻƣ๦ٱ֮Ҹȼһķ֮御ϣ
ȻҶЦȴףǲǷԼ࣬ǲԼмӴŻԸǰĻᣡ
ҶЦӲ֪´˼ŵЦ⣬ĵȴٷһһʹ
٣
ȫˣһ߻ǣ֮Ե
в๦ʱȻʹȻܻ࣬估Ǽգȴλõദ
ԸǷõĻ䣡


512 һѾ
ǱʱԵǣ߿תƮƮУԶԭԼԾ͵ȷ򡭡ԵҲûʲôϵ
ҶЦ𻰣ѾˣգۼԶˡ
˿֪ȻƽȹΣҾѾܸ˺ܿˡ
ǣܰġ
Ҳûʲôɵĵˡ
Σ֮ϣҲûܹвˡ
ȻһʼҲûܿĿʲôӣҲˡ
ɡ
ȻԵ𣬾ԽһжԵԵʱԻټ֮ڣ˴˾Ե
ƮƮ˽нԶʼûлͷ
ҶЦĿţӰʧʱ̲סһ·أټ֮ڡ
·ˡ
ĽȻһ£漴ͻȻ٣ݡһʧҶЦҰ֮С
ۿűȥҶЦУһȻһֵģӵĶڲƺȻӦˣĵ׵һ˿ᣬᡣ
ҡҡͷ̾һԼ˿̸һݳŵ׶Բԣָòأ
漴һΣͬǼʧԭء

Ҷ
ıرĿҶЦ߲ŸոջصԺȻо˽Լξ˲Ľ
ˣôܣⲻܰɣ
⵽ô£
ֱǲ˼飬ţ˼
ôᡭҲ
Ǽ˹˼˹ˡ
λδܼҵզˣҲѾеĹȫôôôСеģ
ҶЦԲ죬æ߼ȥһ
̣֮ĿɿڴĿ࣬ƿԡ
ҶЦӣڿһ̣ɵ
ֱֳֻǽıξڽսΪ棬ֵȴǣ˫ȻսƾУ൱
ռϷģǱ
첻ξһΪдȵšлӦ˵ǻָѾ»ָԭΪ֮ξһʵѾں½۷֮ϣڵΪѾָԪѾӽԪΣֻҪһʱĻָԪΣѿԤ
սȻѹԼΪ
ξѹΪ͵ǰԣһֺܲǣ˵޴
ΪһٶжϴΪȻϵصȴڲظŴĹ㡣
һιƴôܣô£
ﰡԽսԽǿԽսԽϬǸС
ѽѽִˡ
ξ㵸ܣֳֳռ֣ξƵϴȻξ·硣
ۼһĻҶЦһʱԲΡ
⡭ô£Ȼܹξѹ·磿
ξʲôˣ仹ҪΪѾȫָξȲʵΪ͵սľ򣬶һҲû죬ʵսСѾͷôҲ䵽·ɣȻǰһĻίʵ벻ɽ⣡
þִ˵ݣǲѧ
ңĽ˿̣ȻһЩûԼƺǽ̹ĽԼ̵ģȴӰ
ȻԼ̵ĻϣȫĽ
ҶЦֱӾͺͿˣ
զ£
ӣһҶЦһУʱսһֱ˳սȦҶЦǰӣȻҪֱӳĻ
˽ǰҶЦѾſ׼ů˲䣬СѾͷȴֺͣǰ֮ƣ˫ĿҶЦϣˡ
ҶЦԾɱſ˫۵״̬һʱ侹֪ʲôӦʶ㶺ǺǵĵˡѾͷͣסˣأ
˫˹ſ˫ӭӣſˣȴֲ˹ˡ
զ£
ң
ߡСһ죬ŤŲ˵ŮܲףҶĵãҾΪǶõġ
һ̣ȻҶЦȳǽƤҲһ죬档
˸ȥ̵̫ãѧ̫찡
ɻ
һ֮ǰһԼ꣬ˡ
ξ߹ͬһ㿴ҶЦߵı˿ڴ˵ЦЦѾͷѲʵһ֣
죺ܼ壬˵ɶأء
ξһߣҵҲ뵱ţǵɣû츳ʱǮ
壬ȵȻᣬ˵˵⵽ô£ҶЦʵôôȻģ
ξδ̾һľ᣺һѾš


513 ң
ԭ峿СѾͷƽһԺξ˾ȥһΪȫָԾԾԵʱοСѾͷĲͬ죬ǺҪ̽һ£СѾͷѾһʲôز
˳ָָ㡣
Ҫ󣬱Ȼͬ⡣
Ͼ֮ǰֻԼһʵսȫ㣬һһԼȫſֽʩչĳβϲ
ξȻʼնûСָ㡯һ·ŰŰȥ
һʼʱξԼΪƵԪƷˮ׼֮սξѾͷһ书ȻΪҲһɼԼʵִ֮´࣬˵Լսľ򣬸ͲСѾͷԱģ
һоͳ˴Щͱͷ
ξΪԪƷ
ȴԾһС
ͱˣǰһлҡ
ξǲаһƷ
õСѾͷżôĿֲǡξҧгݣСѾͷʵ̫ɶ˵ѹΪԪƷˮ׼û˵ͬˣҺˣһֱҲѹΪķʽսһ⽫ѹΪĲαֻһ
ҽΪƷΪˣѽΪƷһΪǼ޷ǱֻҪһƷȫѹƣû뵽һƷȻָһƷһһΣɶұˣǺһֱʵʵûȫ汬һܡ
ξһĲҾ徣ҷΪô࣬Ȼôһ·ѹ˹
ҶЦĿࣺôܣôһ·ѹ˹һֱѹƵʲôʱ⡭ǡ˼顭
ξ̾Ҫ˵ѾͷأһողſʼһµСѾͷܹԪһƷΪѾ֮ѡ֪СѾͷǸһֱԪƷȻֻбŰķݡ
ҶЦԲ۾Ȼأ
ξߵ˵Ȼͻˣ治֪Ѿͷ׻˶١
ҶЦһˣʵѹһ磬һֱڣûСѾͷĵףǲ
ξһߣʵˣʵûĨɱ˵ص̾˿ŤŲ˵ҪһЩҾܹСѾͷʰ÷ġ
һߣӰĺһƲмƲм־ǲмɡ
ҶЦͬ̾˿壬ԺҪСѾͷΪǴӵԪƷʼ̽ɣҲãСѾͷҲá
ԪƷšʼξɴ۾Ŵ͡
ҶЦ仰ǸСѾͷ¶˵ףСѾͷʱ˭˵ģ˭˵ġ漴ҶЦߵĵ˵ԪƷ廹ֻбŰķݣ˼Ʒ
֮£ҶЦٶĿɿڴ
ԲۣҲ̫˰ɡ
ѵξԣѾͷ
Ѿͷôġξ˼ʵôô죿вɣ
в
ҶЦͱͬİۡ
ѵţҹªô
ξʧǣ
Щ߳Ƶţ¼һҲûȿֲĽȰȻڱѾԽ˱ڵΪ֪ٱ
ȴǴ֮оͿʼϴ谡
ȵСѾͷһ͵ʱ򣬱ӵʮĻۣ
⣬ĸֹඥ鵤ҩЩǱĪ˵ӵУҲһδܹһεԴ
òƾֻҶЦСԺ棬ͷ˲£
Ȼ͵ˡԪ
ȽȣĿɿڴ
ξһ磬߸Լ֪ʱ򡭡
Ľô£ҶЦüͷһ⣺Ҽǵãҽģİ
һ֣̿ӣǲˣ
ûֻЩͬҶЦ˼⣺˭̹𣿡
ûССѾͷЩϻ̳Ͽ֣ӽ̹֮ұãȴԼоǱ仯һ£᲻áǾԼת䣬ܼˡ
Լĵģ
ҶЦ׵ˡ
ҶЦԭĽ̸ĽһݺĽ׽Ȼ󣬵ȴһֱóġ
иĽ֮󣬾Ȼȥһ֮᣻ңϬӵķʤ
Ҫֽ֪Уǧǰ˲֪޸ĹٴεĽУÿһ覴ãѾȥˡ
˵ǧǸıһϸ΢Ķᵼ׽˵޸ĵ󣬼ֱǳ˵Ρ
ڡڱôɵı仯ˡ
ҳɹˡ
ҿòѾͷԼ֪ô£֪Լôΰ飬һֵ̿ӣΪԼˡ
ҶЦоԼҪˡ
ξһߣ£ǵһһʲôӵ
ιܼҸоԼˣ㯵۾⡭⻹Ϥôġ


514 ūţ
ӣáʱһ
ӣҶЦһüͷĵ׷һʺš
ʱʲô
ʱеҸȻȫ¾һյʱ̣λӲ˵ʵȥɥȡ֮ؾȻܵԼˣ
ǶѾϡáȴܵ
òҲ˵ͨ
ҶЦһɻ󣬲ⷴӦҪñر֮ʱȴѾ
ΪӣҶЦλϵӵܵļ仹Ǵ˿Ҷ󽫾ûڼʱ̣Ӻ޿ֱֵӴ˽
ҶȻηȴǲ
ҶӣǺǣǺþòˬʵ֮оȻûж˵ıʹмظζ
ҶЦüϾӿһ𺡣
ԴӵڵθҶЦһҺ֮ҶЦһֱоԼòƶһĪڲӿ
һֱڳĹĶңҶЦܹоǹĿơ
ֿƣһҶЦԾԼδܹƵסڽ鱦֮תУҪڼǱ֮߻ԼܹһĪ为Ӱ졣
Ȼ΢ʱ̣λӾȻڶҲ룬Լҵеĺ԰һ㣬ƶ룬ٶҶЦͷ֮ʢԿƵĸо
һ˲䣬Ҫɱ˵궯
漴ǿѹȥ
ԼݴҪɱˣҲ̫ŰһЩԼ
ӵ´ݹ٣Ҷٳ衣ҶЦĵ֪ӵ´£
ҶЦĿ׻ȴûеõκλӦ
̧ͷһֻһˣһ˫ĿͣճյעĿԼߡ
ţȷʵעĿԼߣעĿҶЦˣҶЦ֮ˣ
ҶЦͷʱֻ˼ѾŭĺȻԼ
ԱϵѰٵòţֻҪǺ쳾еӣֻҪǿˣֻҪĳȡͱȻߵ
籾ĶӾĳȡ֮ˣҲͲ⡣
һξʱ͸оƺдҪˡٿԼֶһּըӡ
ξ̾һ
Ϊʲôϣÿ춼ôҪأ
ӣҶЦ˿Ȼڴĳ˵롣
ҶЦһǹЧģʱγѣعЩεĺǺһЦղҶӹȻɷ洺磬ӵӢͦ˹
ҶЦ˿һĺߣһּĲȻôʲôݴʣôԽ˵Խŵʲô洺磿Ȼλ۾˵ϹԴԼղŵʧ̬
֪´ΪأԣҶЦʵ
Ƿ˲ʱǻָֻǴ˿ҶЦ֮ԣüͷһ塣
ߵ˶Ǹõĸ֮ˣ֪ܲӵҪʲô
飬Ѿ֪ٴˡ
ӵ¼ȻһôﻹõŶӵ˵ôҵԵЧȮ֮ͣ
һ˼ʱһ̤˳ָҶЦɭȻҶЦôĵӣԵ˵̬ô
һҡǶӵͷĸ
˵£Ǿ˵ֽУ˿̣һͦȻҪ¹ˡ
ҶЦĿһ壬עˣѵӵ½ΪǰҲģˣڼӵô
ӵĳԱȻΪǰҲġ
ǻشĿġ
֧λӵ嶼󳬼Ŵˣĸɸɾģ֮һӻص˾λá
ֱ
ԶҶοʣĿΣȻǲԿ֪
ڿľ֮ȴ鲻ԽʶķӦ˿ҶЦʻʱηѣ̳ȵ£ôܸҶ˵
ǼΪɭȻֱɫ
漴ҶЦЦҶĪҪ֣ЩūŸңһĲ֪ǱƢˡǺǡ
ҶЦݵɭȻ΢Ц˵£ūӣνƣԣ⣬ȫ⡣
ڶ󣬸ղһȣȿ˵Ǹңʱһͱһ㡣
һԵ裬ӿͷ
ūţ
ǰźĹЧңһ·֪˶캦飬˶գȴֻ׬ôһƺ
ңǴӶӿ׿˵
ʵӻճڣĵ׾ѾЩڣҪ˵ʲôգ漴ͱҶЦֱõİ϶
һ仰ֱӾƺȫԡȻԼҲʼΪЩūţԼһϾ֮ڿڡ
Щ£Ȼ˴֪ǲܵ˵Ƶģ


515 ˵ʹ
ʵٿ˵
Ȼ汻ҶЦһԶ棬ȴܻܽȦתοһ¸ո˵
׵ģסҶЦø˵ʵұ֮䣬ʲôǲǵģһЩΪǵūţü۸ߵͣӲ˽⣬ֱ蹷һҺҽУƻ˱˴ǢĹϵ²ࡣ
ҶЦ۾һ᣺̯Ȳ֪ߵغĹūţʵ˼Ҳ޿κΣͱĶԣʲôʱܹ£׻˵úãҲҪľ蹷Ҫģÿһ춼ǳ²࣬ƫƫҪʳǣ˵ҲȱһڳԵģǡ
ɫȻһ㡣
ҶЦ⼸仰ÿһ仰ֱָűӿԼǰһ仰˵ˣܼĹһʱȫȻΪ޴Զԡ
ūžūţҶЦ۾Ŀңݺݵޣֹūţ֮˵͸һӴǣžᣡƣǣ
ûˣԽԽ𾢣ԽԽ¶ǡ
ɫͬҪγˮ
ĿҶЦҧгݵ˵ҶӣĪҪԴϬ̫֪ūţҲϵģѵǽϣûūŲɣ
ĸϣѵûūô
仰ڣҵΧһȦҶȥЦ
俴ǳķֱ֮ʣȴǰ̻ᣬҪҶЦ塣
ҶЦϿҵ˵˵ԼҵҲūţҲǹƱؽҶģҶЦǷһ˵ȴеͬԴͣ޷Բ˵
֮ҪҶЦôشҲԣ
仰һڣҶҵɫҲһ䡣
仰˵úãǽϣȴûνūŵģҶЦЦҼҹܼңҵϲ£ҲҵĽֵܣҵ壡Щҵıսϣ빲ֵܣΪҵԳҵΪЩֵǣҲԻ𺣵ɽ
Щ˵۹֪
⣬ǻǱʿΪ˳ʵ۹˺ۣսÿһ϶ˣвмЩΪ˳ʵ۹µӡǣӺѫ£
ҶЦȻĿ⣬Ŷ󼸸ˣ˭˵ʿūţǧҪϵѫ£ô
Ŀڼӹ
˾Щĵͷ
ǵģ˭˵ʿūţ
ʵۣң
˺ۣ߰ߴ̣޿ɱ粵ʿѫ£
Ҷ󽫾ܼҽΪֵܣʿ빲źˣôӵĸףϲǽֵܣϲһ𺣵ɽ
ҶЦһűϣҶµһľͦø߸ߵģĿС
й仰ǾǼʱˣҲֵõģ
ǰֻ֪˲ûнǵˣһֱǵֵܡҲ֪Ҳδǵˣ
սսʿ
Ҷңǹ
ǣԲūţӲǹūţ
ҲūţҹʧƸǣǺű粵һ䡣
ҶЦؿһۣȴٿڣǲм
Ҷ֣ȻǽŻӣӢ۷ɡԲԵһ䣬ĿӹҶĵūţȴǱҶЦθˡսʿսʿѵͲūţǻʼҿҶҡҲֻһЩЩݵūŰˣ
ֻ⻰˵ġ
Ī˵ӣʻʵ۱ˣҲ򲻸˵ģ
ӣ˵°ɡŶһȻ˵һ۾͵͵ĿűҶЦĲͷˣ˵ҷȥѴʰʰ̺Ҿޡ
ǡͷȹˡ
Ѵʰʰ̺Ҿޣ仰Ѿ˵̫ĶǼ¶ǵ˵
ȫԾʹ϶ɫŮѾҶүŮˡ
˾٣ʾԼȨ
ˣЩе뷨ͲҪٶˡ
ɫۿű鲽ܽȥıӰЩȵĹâһš
ŮҶֵң΢Цʵ
Ȼλ˾ǻĵġ
ҶЦмĵĺһһ̯ҲƵĻɫȻǼұ룿
ҲǺ˺ߣ˵ŮҵĵС檣ոɣ£Ҳ֪رܣƾʧ
ᣬϵʧ֮ɫԶ׼ˡ
仰ȫ·
һߣЦ˵ҶӴԲӣְ۴Ů㣬ü۷峺棬һ޻ٵĻƻӣҶ⻰˵Щɣ
һ仰ӵͷٶȶĿ
ޣӵ¸£ҶЦڲͷˣ˳һƾͺݺݳ˹ȥһһūţȻҼҵŮͷ㣡ɺͳˣҹȥҶֻдˣд


516 Ƥ
ҶЦƾյһ⣬ף˶벻ᶯ֣Ȼ벻ֱӱʵʵĴϣڿն𣬻ڰ֮УŰѾ˿ǻ
ҶЦһǺŭȻȫȾԲС
ֻԺͬӴôǰðѪ磬ȻѾǽӽѣΡ
һߵҶѾ˵˵Ļ˶͵۷壬˿һ仰˵ʮһӻûü˵Ѿʮȭʮţɳһٴη˳ȥ
Բѣ
ҶЦ㣡Ӵŭ˵
ӹ̲ܽūţĹǵô򣬴öˣȻҲˣҶЦ˲ղŴ˵֣˵ĹūֳʲôôֻҲʹ˲ʰҲ˵
˵仰ʱҶЦбɱ˸һ¡
ӹɣ仰ʵʵڵ¶ŨŨľζ
Σ
ˮоڷֵҶڱŭҶЦס֣
ҶЦƳţȴ˵صĴ򣡴ӳȥ£ӲٶЩ˲ʹķ
ɫѿβ֪ҶЦ˿̵һ˫أ˵ʲôȴûٿڣٿڣҲԼԼڡ͡ôڣίʵǡ
ڣұñˡû͡ˣ˱Ҷ̧˳ȥֱ˴ſڡ
һ֪ǻԣѾûˡ
ʼվôţ𣬷ŭģٹƬ̣صĴ˿ָҶЦһ˵ҶЦãã
ҶЦĿĵλӣӵ£ҺȻ֪ȴϲñ˵ָָңңҲС
Ӹŭˣȫ˴ĿģŭҾָˣΣ
˼æǰȰ⣺¡£ΪءΪذ
һ߹ȻҶЦһȴҲΪӵ̾
Ѿ£˵ʲôΪأ
˫ѳɶ֣תأ
òײһȫƽĻᣬؾô˿֪νĴˣ
ǡզأ
Ҳ֪ôˣһĻôô壿
λҶֱӾǴһʼͱӲǱ۾۾һŵĹ˾
жӵ¸ǲ֪ʲô裬ǰ»һ仰û˵أȻѾַˣڸǽţҪô
ӱѣ֮ش˼ͬɫ࣬ȻڼҶЦͻȻЦ
һЦͻľٶ˾Ŀࡣ
ȥʱˣЦó
ǿ˵ûɣǱʶ֮ɣӿ£ҶӾ޷Ƣ𱩣ԥΪκκ¶ҡĲƣһѵõѪжǻţôڿô
һͣ漴ͷµӢʵлʶ֮ܣҵĪ
ϷвѣĵȴҲڲ̣ͣɶʱ˵Ƿأ
˵ûû˵Ļûġ
ǿҶǲѪжʼǣӵµ޳ſڴƻƣǶƥ߰
ҶЦѾ׼Ҫˡ
ڸͲ˼ʲôӲӣʵûнλνĻӷУ뷢ͷҪʲôɵҲļɵ
˿̣ҲǸǻᣬɽḺˡ
ֻû뵽ǣҪĵڣֵؼ֤ˣӾȻһһٰʮȵļ˴ת䣡ⷬһ˵ڣҶЦҲò˵һ֡
Ȼ޾ΪҵƤѾˣû뵽侹ȻĺƤ֮˵Ĵڡ
ǿɾɲ
֮£ҶѾ˲ˡȻ˲֮ܽ˵ʵ飬֤۹׼ȷⰡ
ҶЦŶһƤЦⲻ˵ԭӵ¸ղ֤Լ۹ô
Ѿ׵˹׼ײٽһֿȵЦЦôͣ˼ضҺȱô
λӲνǿתۼȻʹӲĳ˱ЦЦһ仰ĿǣҶЦֱкûѵˡ
ҶЦһϣĻӦӵ£ʲô飬ֱ˵ɣղûҸҵС˵׼ΪôͦżģϽİɡ
ôһɫ̰ŭȴַ޳ûûƤ޳ܵҵĻӣҶЦʵû֮ίߵģǴ˼쳣ҵĵ¡
ҶЦ˿ҲͰѻˣ˴ǰǿҶ֣һ֮һϿҵ˵


517 ɵ
ҶЦЩĿɿڴĸо
˸ȥֱ˵ֱ˵ˣôǿԵ
У͸ղǵ£ֻҪɵĶܿóǾԲʲô֤
ǰٷְپʵĳͻ
޻٣
ڷ֮ȻܹƤڰҪһ֮
Ⱑ
ξһߣ棬Ȼ˼ʵͬܲ
ιܼʵʵһ£ֲ˼ҳܹͳ£ݺƤѰͶ̥Ͷ̥ҲѧҲѧģ
ȴ֪ôһ֮ˣºη˵øһ㣡ҶЦоԼЩȵýӲˡ
ҹǳǷһ¡ҶӦ˵ˡӾȻܹʱһøӣҲ˵Ǵңֻ˵ֵ֮䣬Եĸۡ˴£۽˵
һһ˵ʣҶЦʱ׹
ԭˣ
ɶӻǲԼԭ
ӵĸۡ⣬ŵĸֳ彫ȥڸеĸɱһɸɾ
£ǳնλӵİ˴
һʱԮϣ㣬ɲɵǣ˶ˣ֮һδͬһˮƽϡ
ֻһ֮ȥ֮еĽȻȻͶе˳ʵ۹ڲҶߣǿһ˭ȡҶһľ˭͵ͬӵʶ
Դ˿̶Ȼǳô֮󣬻ǿĿģ
λ˵ֻһ裬ʵǲֵһᡣ
ʱֻҪܹϱʲôҲʲôϴˢã
αΪһʱ֮޼ҫ
ѵ֪ҶǲµġҶЦȶ˵ľҪ󣬾ֱһڻؾɴ䡣
ӵ۾һʱ侹ԳԵ˵
벻λҶӾôɴľܾԼԼûпء
ֳ˵˼䣬ҶЦȻ̬ƺǺͻһЩȴʼղɿڣһҧǲλ֮ӲϡνĴ֮
һӷġ
ȻҶҲңֻҪͬϴѾǲСջˡ
Զ
֮࣬ʶľ뵽õ顣
ͻȻѹҶӣҶӲǿֻǣ֪ܷһ£
ҶЦɻʵҲ˵ˣʾ⡣
ʲô£˵ɣϽ˵꣬Ͻˡ
ȣղλСô仰˵ǰʾġ
С檣ڹ֮以͸Ů˳輧ôģǷǳձ顣
ֻҪҸ㹻ĴֻۣôһŮˣֵҶЦ㲻Ȩ֮ܲΪһŮˣһӣ
ҶЦɫһɭȻҵˣ
仰˵úʮֵ¶ǡ
ɭɭ⣬ѾΡ
Ӻ޵ҧҧϲϲ
²˵£ֻǿ˼䣬˸ǡ
֮ǰ̲ס۾ҶЦСԺӼۣȻ֮δʧǣŷ绪ɫȴʼûг֡
ȥ
ǳ˶˶飡
ҶЦĿ⿴ŶӵıӰ뿪ҶɭȻ֮˿δֻоͷɱһӿֹЪ
ξվߣȴȫܹᵽҶЦ˿̵顣
ЦСӣҪɵξʵ
ɵĲʲô£ôҶЦЦ˵
ξΪȻĵͷ
ԼʵѾָ˰˾ųɣǵҪԸӣԼһ˾Ϳȥţһҹ򣬴´࣬һҪϢ֪Ϥ֣
мڴˣδܼ޿֣ѵա
ֻ벻ǣڵҶЦУȴǱӴɽƶ޿֡
ҪӣδܹܾԲҶЦԤĳ֮У
ҹƣǲλӽԾɻξ˵СѾͷɫҲʵ̫ˡӵҰģһۿɼ޴ΡҵݱΪʲô飬䵽·磬ʼҪܼ֣޷˺Ʊ˴˺ļߣ޼ɵ롭
ҶЦԣҴڽϾ͸ɵ
ɵȻǲԵġξСѾͷʵ̫ˡ
̫ˣҶЦüȻǶξһͻŪˡ
ɵСӣ˿ĹѵҪԺһͬ⽭һ𲢼·ξʵ
뷨ҶЦϣԱʣǲܳ򣬳ɾ;ֻ֣һؼĪʧ
⻰ԣڵԣҪı䣬Ҫбʵĸı䡣ξҪʶһЩ˼ĳҵĻ䣬츳γڣ꣬ܲʺĹ룬ҵ˼


518 ɫԴ
򣬲Ҫ˵߳򣬾ΪһͨȥǴ⣬ͨ˶ԣգǻǸ
ҶЦһĬ
ξ˵һ㶼û
СڴаȻǻѾ㹻ȴǰļƶǷĵעҪԴģҪһصĲʹ
ʱԱȫƱزһ֮Уʱʱ̶̿չξ˵
ҶЦĬһ£˼ǣ
ҹǵ涯СѾͷҲҲʱӦýһЩѪȵĶĶξǡϣŮ˵ĳ񡭡
ǧҪҪ֪Ҫ˽ġ˵һ죬ᱻ˳Եùͷʣξңǻܹаձʲô⣬һǵ򡭡ֻǡǷ֮ʱǲǲصĲҾ磡
ҶЦȻˣӽϣһĥʯһ˵ãǾԲܵκһ˺
һ㣬Ҳ
ĳ񣬹ȻбҪģ˽⣬ȴζžһҪۣҶЦ˵
ξȻãСĥʲôأô׵ôô̶ֳȣģһʧ
ҶЦ̧ͷңѾбϦ۾˵壬һֺԤС
ξȻ˵ԤУʲôԤУΪΣ
ҶЦ̯ƣԼ׵ƣԤеһ죬뿪ʱһὫɱ췭ظѪɺӣ
ȻξĵǣէҶЦԣҲ̲סش˸
߳Ҷ˲䣬ɫȻ
Ҫʶ̧٣ӵ͵͵һ䡣
Ȼңǻȥ
һһУӿ˵Ƕһ
Ŀ֮£ӵұðҶ֮жһ˳ôһڵϣѪֻ²ֹһ衣
ȻöӸеŭģұİԼҶЦʧܣǡôҶЦ߾ȻôһˣƾҲӵȾɫ
ңſҪ֮󣬾ȻҸɴĵؾ
ⲻǲʶ̧ʲô
ɫŮǻʼܹʸӵ֮⣬һ竹ӣʲôʸӵŮ
ҶЦǲ֪ߵغ񣡡ӶԼߵĸ˵Ϊ鱦ķôӻȨ졣ߣ
֪ĸǣ˼β֪ԼҪʲô
϶ǡǸ
ǻһŮˣֻûۿСѾͷգҿܻЩ޷⣺Ĺؼʱ̣οΪһŮȥһλ۹ʯ޵д󽫣
мĶ˿̾ȫȫıʾ⡣
ǵģŮˣ˼ҲֻܳһɣΪòʲôֵõģ
ΪŮ˷ŭʵǡֵ̫ãңҲᷢŭҲȥ
̫Ӧ˰
û뷨ǣô
٣ֻҪ˾ͻ뷨
ϣҪʲôǶ֪ɡЩ˷ܣǵ⣬һ󹩷Ҫһʧв©˰
ϸܣ
Ӽ˿
£Ǳ֡һλʵ
ɱһΣǻҵ£ѵ֪ô
ǣˣȨ˸ҷ
ҶЦڸоֵָһоһ硣
ȴȻ֣ǹȫ޷Ӧ
ҶЦܹоǹԼ棬ģԼ壬Լ壬ǾǼʶڵĸ棬ȫڲϵǿ
ַʽʵ̫ˣҶЦֻϰ߽Ȩֱ֣ܵķʽȻϲȻҶЦȻʩ񹦣֮ȴ֣ⷢһܵ񹦣Ǻã޹
ҶЦһ磬ظоԼΪһַɿ״̬֮У֮ǰʱЧһҪ࣬ΪչԿ٣˾ϲģһΪȻԪƷƿΡ
ֻҪһۣһͻƣܹͻԪƷ
ֻǣҶЦȴо̫Ϊϲá
ΪʼҲûף֮⣬ֵĸԼǹʲôģоǣΪֹҶЦڵǰ档
Ȼֻһ˲֮䣬ҶЦ֮еǴľˣѾҶЦĿǰܸɵļ޳̶ȡ
һ磬ҲֻǽЩ𲽵ĹɽԼĵѣȫȫչ鼺УҪһʱ䡣
⣬ҲǸҶЦŪǹһСϰϾӯ֮ڵҪ绯⣬ȻҪȴüޣ
˽ĵϸ֮صҪ£


519 
ܸодôӦ÷ȴʵ벻ʲôأֻܲǵĸɣ
ҶЦ˼⡣
˵Լų񹦣Լ壬֮Ѿòνġ족ˡ
ֻǣ־Բһ٣Ϊأ
оǣҶЦøоõǹﻹ̲һبŵĻϢ
ƺ汾Դ
Ȼͷʱ£ҶЦϢһᣬڷ˼֮¿ֵܳķչڽϿܻᷢĶ¼ҶЦûзϡ
ǽ֮ϣ̫ӵˣ
ԼڵΪ׽磬ܱȫǲһЦ
ΨһҪһֻУñνε¼Ҫο¼
ͱĶԣҶЦʵԸǷݡǷݡ桱
һξ˵Ƿһ޿ܡ
ξ˵öԡ
δ޿ܾһֱԼ֮£һ죬Ҫƽ£
ǡ׹ӣ׳ߵŮƶ֮֮һ㣬Ƭ쳾¡ҲӦôڱԼĸ
ЩЩѪȣնģ⼿ЩʼնҪ˽ģ򣬽е£ԼܲʱʱߵģһСģȻҪԴ
浽ǸʱһԿҲζź
ңҶЦĶλԶԶֻӡ
Ҫڽƶ裬Ҫδ߳£ʣĽٶȣһܹҵǰҲҪҵıΪŮҪΪ¼һ޶ı
ҪģǺ½ŷɥҲһ֦㣡
ʱ졭Ҳ֣ҲҲڣֻҪ棬һ棡һ԰Ӳ񷣡һԳнֹ
ҪıʣǱ
ԣҪĥǱģ
ǸɵȱӲաˡҶЦϷɱҲǻʵ۵Ķӣ˭ĶӣֻҪҶҾڽϣһҹţ
ϡ
Ƴϡ
ҶЦڸоȴţĳķ
ʵӶӽı˵ҶЦȻƶһжġһλ̳ˣԲֹؼʱִ̣ܹʧĹѪ顣
òѾ䣬ĵز
ξʱ˵˼仰Ļ
Ҳ򣬻ں½ܹǼʶˣǱòĹҵǴûм
Ѿبţ˫޶ԣ
ľɫŲǴһλ棬һԵǻԴ
ǿΪ˫ɫעһּµ񣡡
ΪòߵˣΪ˫һʧȥʧȥϣʧȥδ
ЦЦֻҪһֱߣһζıǾвͨġڵʵ̫ԶڱʵȻø࣡
ʵ˿̵㣬ӦңƬ½ֻһͼλ棬һƺ⣬ܺһЩȻлʲô뷨㹻ʵӦɱȥ֪ʵ̫ƽ̫ˣˣֶιȻҪλӵ¸Ӷһ򱶣һ򱶣УʵҲ߳һ򱶣
ڵʵۣǵô֮ڣͻɱ˵ΪЩǿûа㿹֮
ԣŬɣ
ξ˵ⷬ̾˿ˡ
ʱҶЦξıӰû˵ΪҶЦ֪ξ˵Ķʵ滰֮⣬Ϊ
壬֪ҹʵǴĸطģô᲻֪
ôնһҪȥģ˭ҪʲôԽҶţ
ûôڽΪƶ򣡡
ҶЦĬĬţһԸֻ˵һĿꡣ
֮ǰǿ쳣ıƫģԱĹ˭뾡ıҿ֪һЩȴ˶ܵ˺
δƶ裬кհ£
ΪҶЦ
ЦҶЦ
ҶЦţ۾ɫ˼Щ顣
һֱ֮󣬲˳Լеȫ˼·ɫ±û
ǰǹ궯ƺѾȫˣ
ᣬ߲ͣȥĵĴ۾ʱʱ͵͵ƳһҶЦɫ
֮ǰҶЦɫʱ򣬱һ仰Ҳ˵ôһζĬĬعеš
˼
˿ڿҶЦɫˣظһ漴ͿʼҶЦǰתתȥ
ƺл˵ȴֲ˵š
ԴҶЦȴƫƫװŲ֪ҪСѾͷڸʲô͵ʱ
ڣҶЦ˸¶Ҫվͼʱ򣬱һ˹
ˮĴ۾Щߵĺע
Ѿͷڻǳסˡ
ҶЦһЦѾͷôˣ
ЦЦŤӣԼĵĽǲǺܳɫȥɣ
ҶЦȻͷУǿǹȥˡ
ֻǻУȥôŽż⣬ͷСʧı顣
ȻѾعζԼĽȻǿ˵õĽСѾͷǷݽ㣬˲ͼޱˡ
ûôĳɾ͸а
֮ҶЦתתȥôãҪĳ˵ı
ڴĹʳʱȴ͵õôһ̲ۣʱ͸оЩˡ
ֻǻôϣϣʵ
ǿҶЦסЦһοı飺ֻǻС
˲ʱ׵ĿڴȴһˮĴܸоСѾͷҪˣᶼ˳졢ʧľҪߡ
ҶЦ˼ȳСģ̲סЦһѽ§˻ϺݺһڣҸղ˵ˣǻУ̫ˡ
ԲԲ۾㡭㲻˵ô
ҶЦЦ۵һ£ƭģва
ˣڷӦˣĹĵĵǻˣ
Ҫͼĳ˵ħơ
ҶЦȴǴӵסֻһĴЦ
˼£õɴ಻ˣһСèһҶЦʵĻ֮УͻȻӿһԵҸ㣬ֻҪһӶͣůʵĻ棬Ǹжã


520 
СѾͷ͵͵̧СԴһҶЦɫּæͷȥͷ𽥸оҶЦĴֻԼ䣬ֱֻŵĲƺͻȻ
һӾͺ͸ˡ
ôķҶЦУԼԽԽԼ٣¶ƺҲԽԽߣϸǷһ㡣
ҶЦҲоС쳣ͷʱȴȻԼһ죬ĽëͣգȻĵ׺ܲƽȴǼǵԼӵűš
˼е˵Ŀɰ
һͲɵóУ԰Ρ
ҶЦжȻһʶĽԼһ£ƺеҪʲôɴر۾ëһܼգ
ͬΪҶЦͲסǷԴĵͻȻ嶯һĻͷƬ촽ĸڱһĴϡ
һӴ¾һֱ
ı۾ֱƺȫȻܶˣһɽӲĴԼߣֱľżҲơʶסϢо촽Լ촽ϲǣȡ
ģһŻԡ䡱һǰȼ
𽥸оƺһ£ֵ˶ԼĴꣻסϢһӾɶˣſڴ鶯֮ȻԼУӶᣬ˱нҺ
ⲻʱഥ紥㲻ϵĲڣֻźһֱۣĻ̧ģıסҶЦĲӡ
˲ʱĳֻ֮࣬ʣرˡ
СѾͷſ鶯ֿ£ڲ׷ԼСࣻԼڽĶţżһ£һ
ֻȵĴ֣Լߣ𽥵ġƺԼ½޸ҵ˼ϣϢӼ٣ҪϢһ㡣
˫һߵͺ˻һ㡣
ֻоԼĴ˿ӣƺһ࣬š
ٹƬ̣˫ֿȻ˫ҿۣԾɸоǳȵ촽Լϣϣüëϣϡһһϸµš
оԼ˷·Ҫڻˡ
ֻ֣½»Уǵ̽ţȻȻȻסԼǰķӯʱ򣬱̲סһ̡һӾʹȥްҲơ
漴һӣӡ
ȻͽԼĺ촽ȥסԼϵᱡ촽С˽ȥΣתС׷鶯¡
ҶЦ״ƺһ㶣漴˸ҵķӦ
ڡ
ú󡭡
ҶЦ̲סһŻеľɫˣһ߽رǾõ壬һͦվ˫ֺᱧ߽ȥ
˿̵ҶЦȻĳµĳ磬ȴߣԭʼıȥ
쳣ҵĴϢ
ͨ췢̵ҶЦļ˼ٵĴϢȴһԣ۴˿̣ӽҪʲôҶԸ⡭
һԵĬ֧֡
ҶЦ߽ңڴϣı۾оһص׳ѹԼϡ
̲סһĵĽԼǿڱǽơѽ̫Ӳ̫ˡ
ȻڽڱԣǴӲֵĸαһͷ٣ĸαҲֻλˣ
Ȼֻôһܼ򵥺ζСѾͷȴߵûĹˡ
Ըûп
ϧ첻Ըһ̣ĸоԭԼϵǾ߳׳ˡ
ãûκνһ
޾죬ǿסɬ۾һ쿴ȥȴҶЦɫѾָһƽ
һ˫ӣֱֱעһط
ԼղƳȥıǽ
ҶЦҧѽ
һ̣֪ԼǸøмڽǸԹڽ
ѾӽڷյȴͻȻͬѽһı
ǹԭʼĳ嶯ƺ棬ȥ
Ѿָ
Ȼ̾ϢһӱֱӣԲЦʧ̬ˡúϢ˯þɡ
ֵҶЦһʱڲԼĵɬʵӣʲôء
ҶЦ̾˿ûңЩɴشˡ
ڸղţҶЦɨѽ˲䣬ԺУĪһٻӰ
Ӧ
ƺǵƮƮӰôͻĸǰ
ѩվڱɽ嶥һ˫۾ԼеһѩһעԼ
ҶЦԾܹо˫۾ǷԹ
ƺǸڳԹԼ
ҶЦлڣεӰֻĺ˻ģҶЦĳŵأ
һᣬĪģƮȻʧգ߲ƣҶЦᣬ֪˶᣿Īģ֪Ѿҵȫ˾͸ˣ
ҶЦҺ㣡
Һ㣡
ҶЦͻȻ䣬͸оƺһˮͷ£
ʱ˿̣ﻹа㼤嶯


521 ܹ
Ǵ˿̵ıЩʧ룬Щֵ̿ҶЦһͷ޹ܾС¹Уӿ⣬
۵СץסԼҲ½ֻӯӯעҶЦ촽ѾˣȴǿпԼ޳
ʱ˿̵СѾͷһľʧĺӡ
ҶЦǸȻڴأ֣ĽڻԲֻͻȻһЩĵ£Ϊ
ҶЦ⻰ĻԾɳһĲֻǣܵ£ڽƽƵԽԽСգҭ
ҶЦıȻ̾˿ĺϲ㣬Ҳ룬ھҪ㣬ո֣ҵıģ١
ˣоš
Ǵʱ˿̣Ծ϶ˣҵŮˣһ죬һҡҶЦᶨ˵ֻǣڲСĵһҼε飻һоǷεˡ£ҶԹģѸᡣ
Ǹˡٷô
ҶЦһ£ɬЦЦ
ԭСѾͷ֪һСѾͷģֻǣȴ֪Լղˣȴҹ£ǾӦǸƶˣµŮӡ
һŮˣӵġҶЦ˵£ûиκ˵λѣ˴֮Ȼ޻̸ȴΨоӦ飬ֲֻᡣȻڣȴһɲ²й
ҶЦԾͽ飬Ա仯һ£ͷһȴǽ֮ȫ˵˳
׿ʱλ治̸Ϣȷԣٸߴųɣ
գֻܹȻ󣬵ҷҴˡô׵ʱ򡭡ѾǡˡҶЦ̾Ϣһ
ȻѾ׳Ĺ֮У̲סҲǾ죬ֹǴףֱǴشλ飬㾹Ȼ˹ʵǡߡ
ȻЩͬܵ˼
ԣЩʱ䡣ңܹҶЦ§Żеˣȥ۽ǵ⡣
ţصĵͷֽıסҶЦĲӣʱԭĵί˼ѾУȡ֮ģֻĵĸж૵˵ҵ㣬ܶãҶ㣡
ֻҪ㻹ڣҾˣҲġ˵ţӣ㣬Уλá
ҶЦͷһĪرסԭȥļ¶ڷ
ԼѾͷģһһ̫õģұ֤
˵꽫СԴ̧ɵЦôòСӣҿɲñ˱ˣҪԼԵһξѾ̫ˣһٴ
ˣǻˣ߲֣һſھҪҧһڡ
ҶЦߺһЦֱӿ͵ĴʩԷҧ
״һУͷܿ
һ̣һЦ
ãԺ㯵ͻأʵӣҡĺ𣿡
˵Ŀ֮УŨŨĲš
ϾԴƺ֮󣬻ΧһֻҶ֮ڣûгȥҶ֮УӾǴˣˣҲȫеġ
ľûԼŮˡ
ȻҲ޴ӽԼĳŮ˱Ƚһ¡
ֲţȻ˳¡Ȼ顣
ѾͷԺҪ˵ֲŵɵҶЦ϶˵ҵıǾһһһĴˣޣ˵һСأӦһŮ棬Ҳһ
ĻŭţȻѾҪסСһ֣վûסһЦ˳۲תǾͺǾͺã
һЦʱԼǲ̫ˣƺѽЩ˵ˣϾߺˣٶҶЦ
Ȼ֮󣬾ȻкƵġ
ĳɵѾͷȻ̫ģЦϰȻûЦꡣ
ѾͷɵɵļʼǣҶЦ˿ȴܰ
СѾͷڻȫ飬ǽӴˡ
飬ͻıɣı䲻࣬СѾͷ鲻Ǹź
ôһ룬ҶЦЩ᲻СѾͷ뽭Ƿˡ
ʱһĻȥ˾ôһ𣬵˵
Ȼ˶״ǳȴֻ֣ܰȫȻû˸ղֿʱܱ
ҹ
ҶЦ˯ɡ
˵ţ㽫½ȥҪ·
֮£һߺ죬ŭĵߣй⻵һߣҲŲ·أ뻢ڣ
˵ţԼ·ʵʵ


522 ҹ׿
ֻǣڱ·˲䣬Īģȫɵĳһһ籾ܡ
ԼиͻȻһɺֵĸоڹҪԼȻԼ˵ڣȴģǧϣֱ뷴һЩ
ȻڣվĥȻԼΪʲôһأԼıӦþúʧŶ԰ɣ
ĵ׵Ǹоͺһڿšڵִš
ȫ֪⵽Ϊʲôζʲô
ϲӣϲ죬˵
ƺڸǱʶ
ϲӣҪӵŮˣⲻ˳£ȻȻô
ߣ㲻ҪԤңᣡ
װͰ͵ľšԼҲ֪Լ˼ھ˭
֮ĳĴڰɣ
СѾͷĬҶЦȴСĴ䡣
ΪѾǽӽʱˡ

ξҶߴĲt̨ϣоϾþûȫתĹһ
ҹʧ
ʱξǳҶЦ֮⣬Ӵˣۼ֤˱ĳɳ̣ξѾʶֻҪŮܹɳôȻԼֶһ֮ǿı
ͬʱ߽ȱٵİ¡
ξţСѾͷδпܾǹݹƺһλŮӸ֣
۷弶
ֻЩνĵԪ֡
һ㣬ξж
ҲΪˣƻ֮ǰҶЦϵ
ΪôµһţһֱĺǻΧ³ҲǾ޿ɲţ꣬޳ɲſܡ
ϣֻһҪȥҲҪ࣬ĥ֮߳ſԡ
οǳɾ۷壿
Һʹ磬ϾЦЦһӡȴǿԡξҹš
ԣҪ֪Ĳпᡭӣſԣ
ֻΪһԴһ鷳ĸɣ
·ӽҹʽʼ
ĺÿܹЦЦЯֱЦݺ񷣬ܵУ˸࿴һգ
һûлῴҾƴȥǲ⣬ҲҪΪ·ƽҾܣ̵ܹʲôز̵ʲôزΪ
˼䣻Ҳֻȱһȴصı¡
ҹǶǱ㳲ҲԶҷв
ԣʧһСΪϣ
ʱҶȫ¾ĵġ
ѪҲӰ
ξĿⰲš
ǵҪȻһһ๦ĶȻȫǸ֣ҶЩѪԸͨʿȻһ٣ԸЩȥľ֣ȴԶԶ
ŶǱߣΪȻ´ڵ
Ȼһ±޳ܣֻﵽĿĶֶΣԼߵĳȴֻΪһñʵļ֤Ȩܹ˲а˵аԵа񡭡
ֻΪĿģȴǲҪôֵܵ
ξɴֵȫˡ
Ӧ֮Ӧ
ҹ䱨ʱİ죬˿Ѿʱ
УƺͻȻƵϢ
ԶȻӰ
ξѾܹĸоԶĳ߰˵ǿϢԼ߼ٸ
Ȼνǿ󣬽ĸˮ׼ۣԪ֣ȷʵǺ½һ֡ڴ˿̵ξпȴֱ߹һֿ
ˡξһЦǿаͷɱ૵벻λӵĵƻͦġȻڰвôԪ֡ȴΪһŮӽЩʵȫ˳ӵĸΣ֪֪֮󣬶ӻ᲻أ
ΪһΣЩʵҪȫˡ
ξ͹ɱ⡭
ˣ
ͬʱڷ׼ҶЦҲбЦһ
Ȼɫǻ裡
ӣοԼֲĺ;޳ˣ
ҹУ˸ˣƼħһҲƵľ͵ҶϿգˢһ˲ʱȻԽΧǽ֮Լ塣
飬һǾϴ˵ĸ֡
סôûˣӦðɣһ˲һôɢ
һѹûʲô֣̫ƽӹ̫ˡҹô£ҶҲܰȻ˿ûбҶĴţﻹʲô֮ģ
⻰Ҳ
ЩеûģǸϽ¶ˣֱӰץȥ£´󼪡
ԣˣҹζࡣ
ҹУ߰Ӱ·ҶЦСԺǱ˹ȥ


523 ֣
֪أƺһУȫôϤᳵ·켫
û£⼸˸ɴֱȥҶЦСԺ棬û߰ԩ·ֱҶЦ˼һҪϤĿĿĵأ˸ֻǱ˴˴˸ƣ漴ͬʱϢڿն
ҶҹУͻȻƮ˸顣
漴ÿ˾һ˹ɺ̾ʹϢӿ˲ʱָ⾰ԺȻϤ֡
һ̣ҶЦķ䴰ӣ϶ÿƿһСףСԺӵĺɫôϢĽ˽ȥ
ϸµֶۣ˵ĻȻ޷ⱻϮ
˸Ѿ켫һжֱ֮ǧ
طŵξâ˵ЩΪλѾ˲֪캦ɣࡢ
˸ͷź֮࣬нһĶΧ磬Ծ˷䣬ǽͷͣ²Ȼ׼ӦµȴͬһѸٽӽ˷ţֽͬһ㣬ϣϸڵĶʱ׼°ˡ
Ȼ˼֣һߣ˻˲ɱγɵһ裬Ȼǽͷ˳ֽӦΧԭתΪͻΧȷ棡
ı˴˷ֹϣ֮Ĭ֮
ʱǰڲŶĶȷеķΧ
ȻĿ΢һ˸֮࣬һάԭƲһȴ֣ϡ
һ̣˨ȻϢķˡ
һ֮£ԭյķŴˡ
˳˸˵жôš
Ҷ죬ʵ۹һˣȻݿɿ߱ĸ֮ۡвûԪػȴ۵ϱսͬСɣЩڵսսıʿΣյֱһ߻Ҫ
˸ּùȻѾ̫̫ΣҶȴûи̫ģǰ˲ٵ׼֮ǰܹ׾ᳵ·ҶЦߣΪûѲ֮⣬Ҳǵǰ׼ϸԵʷֲ
Ȼˣ˸˵ʵۣĪ˵ҶûѲӾ䣬˾䣬ΣһȺϱ£ܵԪֿ⣡
һ²һ£˿е쳣˳Ǻ£
ʱڰ֮һᶯ˵ʲôʲôˣ
ش
Զ׼ŮӴ˼ѾǺ֮־Ī

ͬʱšϡһ죬һѤð׹⣬һɺںڰ֮Ȼ
Ѥð׹ӳ֮£ԼԼӳһӰ

ףСѾͷؾûбԵ⡭Ϊ׵ĺ˲ɵòĺһ
ֻǣ֮⣬Ҳûб
СѾͷһ˵Ķ֮⣬ƺκ죡
һѸٵ˽ȥ̽ͷһʱĴŵ˵Ѿͷ㣬츳ǲη̵ģǸѾˣû⣬һ˳
һΪǵۣȴ֪СѾͷǿݷҪ˵ССۣǿĶ̣ҲǺõġ
ôһ˵űߵĺҲʱ˿˵СѾͷҪ£ҪУԹԵĸߣȥһٻĺõطȥ
˴˼ʵԴʾٶһ紫˵еġ򡱣
״Եú֮鶯˫ֵҡҲȥ
漴Ц硭ӣӡһ
ηУȴʼûеõκλӦ
ټҶƺһֻ̣ʣԼһˡ
ҪУǺһͺȣԼȻЩŭȷŭСѾͷĲ֪ôֵСѾͷһ֮£ҶҪˣȻһ˰ҲηҶܹսʼջԲսΪˡ
ֻǣ䷢Ҷ澹ûκλӦʱЦǴ˵պյ򱱽µһҶֵµıǺǣĽȻܹδһܣǳʵ۹һ£
δ䣬һ죬űץ˹ȥ
״һʶһӳһù⻪˲ʱɢ
Ǻ˼״һ֣ڸûз죬ָͷǲⱻһѪһε䡣
˵ıΪۣԪΣԶǴ˼ʵıɱȣȻһ竹ӵС檣ܹôΪȻ츳ΪԣԾɲһƽ˼ҵŮӶѡ
ȻһĻȫ⣬һץû˹
ȴ벻ģεεСŮӲ书һ֣
һĴ⣬һԱ˴Ȼʵʵ⣬һмѪ
һ﷭˴


524 ˹ɫ
ս֮ԻһмѪǺ⧲ֲָҲȥһԭ򣬻СѾͷϵѽȻһںȻǿȻȥ˺˵Ļ
һʹоϮŭʱСӣǾƲԳԷƣ
˫һһɫȻɢȻѾʵΪޱ
Ȼ⵭ĹâȻֵһ˲۾ͻȻҵһ£漴ҲȻ־޵顣
Ϊӳ£һŮӣһѩ磬һֳͬһļ
˿̣ϣŨŨľ塣
־塣
ݾı飬ȴԵӵĴаӵĹɫ㣬绪
üһĻ鲻ԽشðҪǻ뷨
Ҳ˲۸ͷôһ˿һ
Ȼɫ˰һСУһͨѩ׵ľ񽣡
ȴ˴κво
ֻôվţǿ־壬޵ĺ촽ıţȻ֮־˿˹ɫ
ֲöȹؼʱ뷨һŮӣʵϵ˫ɫܲģܲ
СѾͷյͬʱһԺͬһʱðͬ뷨
Ȼ΢һµʱ򣬱ĽǵʵʲôǽЦôˣ
ղŵһУߵҶЦȴ޷Ӧδţ֪ǳʲô£һʱļ٣ԼΣǰȫȻˣֻڹҶЦİΣ
Сû£ԼȴҪ£ȻǺ£ĺ¡˺ٺһЦ֪У˵Ȼ࣬һƬٵĹ
ǰδ޽еľɫ֮ǰƺҲĳЩ
Ȼǳվɵӣôȹת֮࣬һҴȥ
һѾǰ档
һһƣν֮
״һ㶣ʶ˺ҿ϶Ƕ֡
ȻַһĿң뿪ӾͲΣա
һˣ˾ϣ
ɫĹâӳ֮£ԴЩ˼ݣǸһֳǻ۵ʥࡣ˾֮£Ȼֲһ
һʱ򣬱߳һһΣˢһ˾ȻһӴſԾԺ
һǵƮݣٶȿ켫Ŀ
˱ɫ壬ӿԾ֮ʵ¾ܶ࿴Ƭ̣һ˲ĳɣûü衣
ֹУһ˲ǱıΪ˴ڲ֮䣬˲ĳɣѾɱʮΣǴ˿̣бǽֵı׼ᣬһлشκһˣϧ˼ʵıȻûƽ׷Źش˵Ļᣡ
ӡ塭߲һճţͼ̿ʼУ̼ǡǿѾѽ
ֻδ֮ʣ˾Ѿ¡
һѹٺЦ벻ϴһξȻʧˣһСѾͷҲûмʱסԺʲôĿ˵졭
ͬʱԭֹҲΧ˹
һЦ
У紵ƶɢȥһƬ¹
ڳеıϡ
¹ӳ֮£Σȴǰ˸һ˱ݡ
ǰµǾµݣһеһУ覣޿ޣȻһƬʧ룬ȴֳУ
üĿ续ˣдֻӦУ䱾޵ɫ
һӣ
ϵ¶һ޶˫޶Եľɫ˶
һ̣˸˾Ǵעűһʱ侹ԼǰĿҪʲôġ
иǲԼͬðƵ뷨ǵ潫ĽŮ°ߣ͸ǵ̣ʵ̫
ֻǣͷֻһϾǶڶ£ڸѾǼϣοϧע޷ͷˡ
ÿ˶˼ĵ׵һ̾Ϣֻϧϵ¾޽е˫ɫϹˣ
ЩǰҲöƵ飬ȴûһй̾Ϣ
ǡǲҪҡҿǺģţףˣȻ£Ĳƣ˺Χκһ˶Լ޷Ӧĸ֣СѾͷĵôܲ塣
С߰ɣҹҲӲģνͽһСĻòҵȶ£˼
Ϊ׵ĺԾӸµ̬ȵ˵ĺϴ˼ȴֳһ޷εζ
ŵǣȫΪȻ˿ϴڷϻ˵ⷬȰ֮Ȼ˳µ顣
һһЩҲӦõġ


525 ս
ҲȥҡͷǣʲôˣΪҪң
С㲻ҪʲôˣѾû塣Ϊ׺̾Ϣһ˵ҲǷ£ʵɼҪԹޣ͹Լ̫ɣ
̫Ұŭֵ˵ѵúÿҲһ𣿡
ֹѣ䣬û൱ʵ̫ɫǵһҵ֮򣬳֮Դ
Ϊ׵ĺ̾Ϣһ
ţ̿ţԭ̫Ȼ
̫ԭһЩӵǿ˿ٲ΢ЩģȻʶ˵˼䡣
ôձʵ򣬾Ȼǡҵɫ𣿡һ̣ͻȻͷ־壬иϤת˷ŭһŮӵĸ飬ѵǿǿӶռݵô
΢΢̾һЩУŮûи飬ֻӦ˵ǲҪģŮӣǿӶ¡⣬˼䣡һֱһΣ

ֻһΣȴŵãġ
ķŭ
ϣȻ޳֮˴ô
֪ģսָӽ˽
˵ʲôϴ󣬻ǸϽ˻ȥɣҹζ࣡һ˵
Ϊ׵ĺ̾Ϣһ֣
һ¡
һ漴һ͵ץ
Ԫڣտɫ˲ʱʢǿ
״ͷŭϳ壬ŭȵѵ캦飬ǾôİãĲô
磬ǿʳǿΪ𣡲ǲƸɫֻǿߣ˺һ˼䣬ǽɣ
˿̣ǺѾ
ŭ֮£ȻȫȻη£һ飬ڱصõһץգǺ˲ġסһȴּץ
˴˽ӴݣѾȷϣŮ㣬츳ССһΪȴǲ಻ԪΣԼ֮ȻܹұܹԼһаʽܳ־ãһץ֮࣬ԭʽ䣬˳ƶΪ
ĺˣ඼ͬĶûгԸһֻеԪʵСȻҪһԪ֣ǼֱЦ
ۼ׷ȴǲܣ߳һͻȻһӣһƬ䣡
һеʱ򣬱Уްη壬ֻǻ⣬ҧϾһƬࡣ
ֻоԼһȫȻİȴƺǺϤıŰȻй
ޱ˼䣡
Ǳֵһ֡
¹£°ȹһ裬ûһƬ¹ҲƵԣ˿̵ıͬǹ㺮ӣ֮ϣ˼䣡
ΨĿȴǼۼ˿Ŀѣԣ궯ҡ˿о֮еɭȻɱֻܳޱ߾֮޷԰Ρ
ɲǼ䣬֮⾹Ȼȫ£©
䣬Х
һеȻ֮
һУδϳֹ
ǺϽУĪʶľһæҵæˣѾϱ˵ĻѪӡ
飬ֱؤװҪƣ
ڳ˾һ
ôҲ벻ղŷںµĲ˵СѾͷ˿һȻ˵˵Ĳأһɽնɱļƣ
ƾղһУС椶ΪһЩҲñȶֵΪǿѾԽ߰ʮΣ
ΪֻõԪĽ׶ѣԪΪĺʵʵ⣬зɱöԷһֲҲսеıǽҶЦΪרƣƵĺͬСɣ֮࣬Ȼ޷ȫնƶԷĻܣʹԷѪˣ
Сʵף֮˹ֵĺ循һ
һСѾͷնѪ˼лôöʲôУΪ׵ĺ˲һҹζ࣬⵵ڻʲôأһϣϽץ˸Ͻߣ
Ϊߵһ£ͬʱ֡
űΧȥ
ڳĺͿˣλʵΪߣҲ͵ԪΣйȻĪ⣬ȴŤתսֻ֣ҪʱԳ֮ѣҪб̫嶼ᱻˡ
Ѷ˫趯бǱ
һ󼲷һϸڶ
˼Աеǿҷŭ֧ţȻԪֵΧ֮£ССУһʮȫ
ǹӵģ˭Ҳܽߣ
˭Ҫ뿪ӣƻҸ
ҾҲҪɱ


526 һ
ڡҾҲҪɱͷԺ֮Ȼһ˲ǹİȴʵʵԴԼɱʹӿ˳
Ȼ䡣
ƺԼԺУͻȻðһͷ
ֻӦ˵һ棬ޱĻ档
ڻ֮УԼüĿȻȴһ£һֻȻ׵ͻȻԽ˿ռľ룬ǰһ󺺵ͷ­ץ飡
һȻǹȴδ͵мӡ
ѾΧ֮½ڽڰˣֻ֧֣һͻȻӿһּµѹ֮
֮սս֮ڣͬʱоսֵ΢仯еһǿҵΣ
˾дһԴ߶Σ΢֪
˽֮ʱȴСͻȻâһһͻأ˳
һ򵥵޼ɣ
һֱ̣
ɲ
Ψһһɫֻп죬ֻ죬ȴǿ쵽˼㣡
쵽Բ׽
ͬһ㣡
޴޴ȻãȴԴ׽
ۣ
һ˿쵽֮⣬Ǿ׼׼֮Ŀ϶ֱ׾Թ϶һмǺ˵ؿһ͸
ֻоؿһ
أԼȻѾнˡ
ֵĵͷȥֻѩ׵ĽѾԼؿڡಡһ˳ѪȻǽԾѩϾǵѪδմ
ŵĹʣأԷڵء
һֱ˵˵ϵһ̣ȫȻûϢ۹⾹ȻǷݲŵľȣ
ʵҲֹţкҲȫǴһš
벻˫Ϊ⣬ҪڵйڣռݾƵ£Ȼ˹һˣ
һ֣ȻʺѪҺֻоһɶŻĸоȻ𣬵ǹɲĸоűʧˣһɰ˱Űļ糱ˮǳһٶ
ԺУǸøԼһģһĺŮӵĻ֣ȴǷ֮ƣӳ֮ϺȻȥһȥƺǴӲɵĸ߿գȺ֮У
һ˲֮䣬ܹؿЩ˵ݣ
ǸԼòһĺŮǿ佫ȥ֮˲ɫɭȻ˫һ֮ʣʱ⻪ӳⷽԲ
·֮ڵķȺȻһ˲䷢ҺȻһ˲֮һоڳţһϢ
Ŀе˾ڹ⻪һ˲䣬ʹ˱ըѪ׷ɣԲǧɵ֮ڣ˲ʱѪ׹з˾Ȼûһܹӽȥ
ڷ
ֱʱǸŮ˫ŲŸأһХٶȷ𣬡ˢһʹʧӰ١
һ̣⻷ȻѾ
Լ֮дУ
Լ
һ
Ϊʲôһָо
⡭ô
⣬ˣΪȻоǹɱŰԽԽңԽԽǳӯģѾԼģһɼըĸоп͵
ұ֤ŰʱԼԼֻߣʱԼѲԼ
һǿҵĸо𽥵ţš
ûע⵽һ̣˫ۣȻѾһֵĺɫ
ɱڳ
ܹĸоƺԼ棬һǱڵľ޴Ҫ
һֻҪܹصļǿ
һĪ˵ǰĺˣ½ҲԼڣƿԴݻ٣
һֱ
һûûݵĸо
ȷţԼָоԿɿʵ飡
ܵĺ˼״뷢һ
׷Χ˹
ֻǣѾܻشˣ߾Ȫ
кۼֵܲѣŭһ澣ҵȲ˺㣬飬벻㾹Ȼĺ
ȻԳ֮ǰķΧ֮С
ˣʵĻУǺŮٶ۾Ŀɭ֮⡣
ǹ㿰¾صɱҪǺŮӵ۾ӿ
ͬʱһĪǿĪķʽǿӿŽ֣ͻȻһ˻ƺǳĬõľУΪѪ˷ܻ
Ҫǣȫɱ
ҧԵͳһһ˵
ѩ׵ĽȻٶ

һֱ澲عۿ⵱ξڿһɱǸ˵ʱ򣬾㵵õɴ۾
⡭
ôһ£
ξһ磬ǡܡ֪ʵ֪з
ô˿ȥţƺģһԪΪôôһˣ


527 ˭ߣ
Ҷҡ
ǸҲˣԼ֣ҶЦ֣עҪģڱɱҲûʲô˵ģǣɱ֮󣬾Ȼûгζɱ˵Ĳʣ
Ǽʱƽ
ƽ״òʵ̫ˣ
ֹڴˣϾȻγɱΧ
ɱһˣӪɱΧ
ξӹһԼŵͷѵѾͷһעҪӣ
ˣһ̣ξҶЦжͬ֡
ҹı֣ѾǴ󳬳Ԥϵģ
ԭξ趨İ汾֮Уñ°ߣļʶһ£Щ˵ı޳ܣֻҪڱ֮ǰ㶨ˣȻݣºοСѾͷʲôģҶЦô֮²Լڿܿ϶ƶһԭľ籾Ѿòˣ
ʣֻҪһ¾ͺܿˡ
ȻҶЦľ籾֮Уȥ°ߡһ˵֪ξ㣬˿Ļᳳ
ҶЦУԼģ
Ҫ˵۸ǱһָͷҲǲеģ
°ߣʲôλЦ
˿̣߸ˣͬʱĿУҲû˸ղŵԥңֻĿĳޣУ·裬ɱűϯ
Ѹٷǰƣ֪Ӳһͷ˳ȥݱܵзâӾҡһɱըһǿۿžҪɨڣ
Ȼʱ
һȻ𣺡ƾǼɫȻҲҶҰҪץҵˣǻòͷ˰ɣȻôͼֵһ·ɣ
죬е߸ˣǰ뷢һƺߣʯһӿм׹ȥ
˼״Ȼˡ
תͷѭȥ
ֻһ꣬Ӣͦۻѩ˫֣Ժзﻺ˳УһƬɱ
ϣȴԹһ˿ᵭ΢Ц
һ¾ͷɱ²ĵĮЦݡ
ЦëȻ
ҶЦΪ׵ĺͫ͵һ
ӣҶЦһʱ˳ȻظٵģǣңٵĲమ⣬һС
ڸղǹɼɨڵǿڱҶЦһ̣ͻȻ߽⡢ɢڡ
Լʹҡҡ׹Ҳֲ֧סۿˤڵء
ҶЦһƮڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣмûüӦҶЦѾ˹ȥһַֻס˱˻
ҶЦȻһĿ߸˾һֻĪһ֮ǰǹëȻĸоԱ
½мԼֵܲվŵʱ򣬾ôƮȻйȥǵԼֵܶȫ޲
ǰǴ˫߶Ⱦĵж״̬֮С
ʲôΪʲô
£ոձҶЦ˵ˣ˼ҲǺȻĪصɴ۾ϵʹ
ģһңרϢͺáҶЦĶԱο
ӣû¡̫ˣ˵ţҸղһֱ˺㡭˵˵ţȦһ죬Ҫ޳ˡ
ǰһֱΪԼҲҲˣеǷжȴԸϣӲ֮ڿڵľʹһİȴֻúޣйͷί
˿̵СѾͷ
ظ֮࣬ǿԣ·Ȼٶ꣬ҲҪˣ
һˣֻҪֻҲɵˣ
үȻǰȻûµģƾɫôܺ˱үҵıίˡҶЦ˵Ľڻο漴תͷ߸˵Ŀ⣬ٶȱɷݣģ⼸۸ļһһŹǼֵֵ֮Ȼȫǵֵ֮飬һ߾ȪЯֹȪ·ϣһ·ͬУ
ҶЦʲôֶҵֵܣΪ׵ĺ˸֪ղŵǳʲôıʣղֻҶЦ˵ԷһڣԼһΧŮֵܾĪĵȥֻ̣ùݡ
ȻƼŲںһķչһɭɭ𣺡ʲôֵֶܻҪôҪˣҪģǰҪǣϣһȫҪûκһˣܹԺ߳ȥ⻰˵ģ
˳ȥֻһն˿̣Ա˫֣һ˵һһһӿ
ƺ£޵Ŀһ׽׵Ľʵ¥ݣ
ξ


528 δ˳֣
δѾöûжùԼʵˣãò˿̵áˡȫָ˼ԾΥս£רڸֲеɧʱ
ȴûȻҪúõ԰һµΡ
˿ţСԣȻյԤڵЧξдǵ⣬ȴǹƵᣬƺϣƽܵȻӣ֣˷緶
ò˵ξ¶һֱ֣ǰ֮
ƣȣɣ΢еֻҪ֪һ֣ǿߣ
ΨжҶЦߣд̾˿벻ϻȻװһֺñơ
װɧġôôЩ˳ۡؽӦǱӣ
沽
Ϊ׵ĺ˼״һУѾ
ϻԣ֪ǸΪ׵ĺȻʶ֮ˣȻʶ˶ԣ沽ǸʲôأǿԪʦֶδܹĳߵΡ񼼡
־ǣǰˣʶ˷ҶĹܼңξ
Ȼ˭õҶһܼңȻǳԽλ漫޵ĳ֣һݷҶֹǸǣҪư£òҲôѰɣ
ôĽʲô£
ȻҪԵľǣԼǵѪùȻȥһ˵еǿֱļˣһҵŮˣ
һ뵽һ㣬߸˾Ͳɵþû
ģǲı¿ˣ
Ȼϣûˣ
ʱòʲôû˰ɣ
˵Ƕӵ£Ǽɵ»СС»ޣ
ôܣ
֪£϶һʱԼһ˵Ȼޣʻʵ֪£ɱƽϢҶιܼҵŭ˭ιܼ˼ǳԽ½λ漫޵ĳأ
㡭ҶιܼңһԲţһĴ㣬Ͱ͵һ䡣
һֻһ·ˣֻǴɸξúأ
Ȼֿ֪㣬ǻ᲻ǣ
ξ°ͣ״ĵ˭
߸ڵŵ˸оԼòƸӵû
ûˡվŵĸˣ˼ҲĿ¶ɫ
ȺôĵӣξֶһɾֵķȣٷĿӸ£һƵװ˵ǺôĵӣӺЩ겻֣ȻѾȵزôֻС󣬾Ȼ͸ĿŵҼȥˣƽǬӿѾף
ǰһ޿ֲιܼң滹иʵĪҶӣ˫ɱ⡣
˰ˣҵֵԾǣΪ׵ĺ˿ǷϣҪɱҪУϤ㡣
Ȼ˵仰ͬʱ´ָͷٶ˼£һֵ
ǺΪ׺˵仰û˵꣬ĸͻȻ͵ı𣬷ĸ⼲ȥ
Ҷʵʵǿޱȡ
£һҪһʱӵ֪
ֻҪܹȥһˣ㹻
ȻץУûκ֤˵ԼǶӵ£пɹأ
˵뷨ϧʵܲпᣡ
ҶЦһһӣһƿն
ոշˣգƶ֮ƽδһ˲ĳһ飬ȫ¾ʹˣͨһ˵ˤǱ
ҶЦղŵö룬Ѿ׼ض˵ĵ
ڣﱻƵһҲò
ΪץڣҶЦһβûֱóħ룬ǲͨʩϮ渽ŵļϢ˲ɫ԰ס
˿ҶЦͬ˹ȣ
λ˵֮е竹ӣֻ֣Լ˾͵һһҲò
ôģ
ôˣλ竹ӾȻһֱڰϻ
ֻ˵Щ˿ξͺڿ޿ƥеҶЦڿĪĹͬĲɿ⣡
ҶЦǰһܸɴһŲ˺ϣ߾ߣô
Ž¾һµĺˡۡһһѪ˳
ҶЦзŭһȼ
һߵξȴûƵᡢ赭дһܣξҲ룬һƾ˳ȥһɵɫĹâӦ֣㻯һҡͷβͻһٳֱӽһֱӴ䳾
ꡭ
ξöûΪ׼ղһ̫ͣ˵屻ͬʱ޷ܾನֱӻķѣһѪ⡣


529 һܣ
ͬһʱ䣬ξһɿռ䣬ͬʱѾԽ˰ɾ룬һץΪ׵ĺͷϣһȵҲȥɣ
ꡭ
λΪ׵ĺ˵һŴͷ­ôξбѣ
һһ˵ϣ
δܼҿԼ֣
ٿϵһѪ⣬죬ûû˵
һ죬ŻµҶЦͱε̯̯֣ЦһСģ̫ˣѳˣҵĲԡ
ҶЦһ
ʵڲ֪˵ɶźãϻ˰ͣһ־ͽɾСԺӸϵòƲ̫أ
ŻŻһ
һŮӵԶۣէѪȳ棬ضļ֣ȫ޲Ӧߣǲ󣬱ֻǸŻһ£ûиһĸ״֣ѾǺѵˣ
ҶЦתͷűȻЩģίʵأǿǿ̡
ңĹâһƬ䣬˿ǽţ̿֡
ƺէǰĿѪȣǶôԽܡ
мֱɱֳ
ˣҶЦĵ˿ȴ̾˿ĵѾͷһ߽ӡѪȳ棬ȻôЩӦˣֻǡδӦ̫˰ɣԼƳʱ򣬺ôӦС죬ӻһСأ
壬㿴ãĿǽ塭ҶЦָָԺӣ⡭Ҳ̫ˣҪߵҲˣ۲ĲסĵطЩණȾˣ¶ٹɾģĵҲ
ξ֪ԼĲԣһڨڨЩա
ղűҪúõװһ±ƣó۷ĸַ緶񫣬ҶЦѾͷߴ󣬲ȴǸѪģһҲûУڨڨص˵үǼѪôˣɶ¶ҪɱģѪϰߡ
ֻǻòԼ֪ԼôԲȥˡ
ҶЦĳⳤ޿κΣҲʲô£תͷŵҴˣʵѾͷˣ㽫ôأ
ӡҡҪô죿۾㯵ĿҶЦ۵ָͷָԼ촽أ΢ţСģҪɰжɰ
ʱֵĻ˵Ǿȣֱȴˣ̫ˣȵĲˣȻҶЦǸλòûôеݴʣ
Ϊ벻ҶЦὫ˵մȨԼϡ
벻Լһ죬Ȼܹű˵ɱȨ
ǵġϮߵĺһ˸ΪֹѾҶЦҪ°㣬Ī˺ԣΪֱӵܺˣҪô죬δǣ˵㡣
ʼĩԵɵı˼Ƭ̣ԥƺ岻һʱжϡ
̱ȴͬʱĿһ
СѾͷһֲµģŮӣһ£ղһΪΪȫһս֮УȻŮӣͨһԣǾ
ֻҪͷ˵ȥôҹҲܽˡ
ֵܣȻˣȻǻ⣬ֻҪԼ˻ֻܹҪܹȥպбĻᣡ
Ѿ֪˶ԷʵǿԿܣκθĿܣܻһ˿ɻܻ˭أ
ѶϤҶЦͷҲأ˭Ҷ˵һ֣һ
֮У˽Ҫ飬֮£ıס͡
û˻ỳҶЦĻҲһ֣Ļᣬ˽ȫ񶼼еǱߣϣ崿Ĺܹ󷢴ȱģһĻᣡ
ҲûǶȣΪֻǳһ£㼴˸ղ˵Ļ
̫һһԭҵ֮򣬳֮Դ
תͷʵҸղʹǣ£ѵͲĿǷľİôǸ˵ǿʳǿΪڱǿθ룿ǣڴ֮ǰ飿
֪λش
شǾֻ·һʵشòֻӼԷŭ·һ˵ûش𣿣
Աߣξɫɭ䣬ǰҶЦ
λôϽ˭֪˭
ȻʽƱ磬Ӳ˵ξǵһΣ˵λǹﶼŵģ˵ⲻǵһΣ½ģ̷ܵ
ίʵвٴˡΪ׵ĺһҰܣҲǹʹް취
ܶôһ˿ʹҲ˵֪Ѿжٺ˼ҵŮ绨ͣε䣬һʣͱЩ˸׵Ļٵˣ


530 
ʹΪʵ˭ʹ˭
Ϊ׵ĺ͵͵תת飬ֻҶЦξЦЦĿԼһʵشǡǶӵ¡
˵ܶΣȫ𣿶ҪôŮʲôξֵʵ
£ΪϽδܹܻЩ⡣
ε̰ɫʱܼܲһҪһҪûɣ
ҪһʮλСʲôģ˵ģλ϶ûָˣ紫Ŷԣλֻ㲻û̫̰°˵ĴţòĻʲôҲû̫úܣΪ׺˵˵š
ǰ֪ҵǿ°ˣȻ̰ʵķ棬̶ϣȴԼ£֣һΪްٻ¥¥С
ȻѾ˵ͷҲûʲô˼ɣɴһͲӣ֪ȫ˵˳
ǳ°ٵĶ󣬵ҲδؾǶԼϵģֻҪһ˿۵ˣͻȥץץ֮ʮΪһöɸѡпϵģȻͻὫ֮£Լãʹĸ££ġ
Щϵģްٻ¥ΪΪ潼ˡôꣻĸ¥ӣɫϳˣǼڣȡ˺Ǯơд󳼵ӵģӻ
ҶЦֻĿһŭȻ
ԭྐྵˣ
Ϊӣ⳽ʵ۹˵λȨأػҪȲֶǮģ᲻̫ˣξ⡣
ȻǻӣҸӵٺ»Ҳܲ٣ЩǮƳҲֻճ³ƽѣ˵Ҫ£󳼣һЩܻķãԶԶġ
شģҶЦ˵ףӾǲֻһӣٽһ֮ģȻ뷽跨ǮƣӲ⳼ᣬȡ¸һֱ֣ȦҪ浽Ǹزʲôʸûˡ
ԶҪɾʹ£ҪǮĲƸֻû뵽һӣȻ˼Ժ
һҪԺԼλǮֱһ˻ּ˱Ц
ҶЦ״ġޡһ
ްٻ¥ţеҡе֮ĵĳˣûв֪⴦ɫȮ֮صģֻھǣҷֺš
ʵ۹ްٻ¥ȫΧڵд֮֮УзֺţЩֹһ
ȻӵֶαȴҲòϣõĲƸһ֣
ѵûӣʵ۵ĶӣͿűŮȥ壬Լӻ£ģΪԼҰķףŵʵ
ˣȻǻӣ
һ˫С֣˼Ȼ߬ȭͷȻͷ߿˼
ǵްٻ¥ĿǰжŮˣҶЦʵ
Ϊ׺˵ʶĶһ¡
һ֪ҶЦ⻰˼
ֻҪ֪ްٻ¥Ĺ񣬾Ͳȫж٣Ĺģָж
ң뵽ҶЦҪҪģԲֻЩϵֶѡ
ҶЦҪ֪ģȻǰеģȫģ֣
࣡
Ҫ֪ǵްٻ¥Ȼ˵һָԺȻϹģԣҲǼʮŮӶѡ
ʹ˵ɣֻҪ֪˵ҾʹʹҶЦܺƵ˵ӦҪ֪Ҳ಻ͬģҪҲδؿɵáҵϣܵ£治ʲô¡
ҶЦһ˵ţһһ㶯ľһĶָֻͷķ˼£߰˸ֵƣ˶ѡ
Ȼ˵ɫʱͱˣѿ
ҶЦȻŹ֣⼸˺ܡɡʶãǺ½һĥ˵ֶΣ֣
һֶΣҪԶԶȷֽҪңֻӦ˵ȫûпɱԣͬն
ֶΣõãܣѣпֶΡ
ҶЦһգԳŤָǵ˵˰ɡҵãᣬұ֤ǲеڶѡĻᡣ
ǵްٻ¥ÿһŮΪ׵ĺңڰһ£ҧ˵ǡҡ
ˣ
һξΪ֮һ
λӵθڣǴþˣ
֣⻹ֻǾھһء
ǽȫеްٻ¥ȫϣָһεȿֲݣ
Ҫ֪⻹ֻǵŮظݡ
ҶЦһ˱۾ȻôЩĹüֵŮӣȥ˺η
õġһЩСԺǿȥ˵ͷԽԽ͡
õأĿʵ
µ˴𰸣ԱһָϣܹӺ˿еõĴ𰸣
Ҷûע⵽˿̱ϾһƬ˪ֻ۾ٶȱ˺ɫ
õġõģɱʬٵʬ𼣣ۼ˵ţѾһƬҵ
ɨβǸɵģҶЦʵ
ƽ
˭óƽ棬ŶôֲĻɽʱܱ
ҶЦԭҲû뵽ġ
ڳǳһƬƽ棬Ȼ˴ĿġɥĲ˷ָľ޴
ң˸о˼ģǡ֣֮Ȼڻң
۹ʵ۵Ķӣ
ʵ۹λλ̳֮һ
ֱǷ˼
ˣȻ졭һϻȨӣ
֪ǵ˻λ£һʲôӡ
ҰͿ̿
߻ԶԶֹˣ
ѹֶһֱôĵһֱǱţȻ̫֮λѾ˶֣ǳ־Ĳ֡
ԭĵƣ
ҶЦ仰˶ϻشֻÿ˲Լͬĳһ亹
Ȼֹ⼸ˣӼȻӪôô¹ߵ֣οֲһ޴Ŀ֪
شôҲˣشһ⣬ӵͬı˭ҶЦʵô飬һӣһӸóģǻû¶Ŀ
С˵˼Ա֣ҡҾֻ֪⼸϶ͬߣҲ֪ţߵң˶ӵĸȻ֪ģ
ƺߣһصһλ֡
ҶЦͷ
죬۾
ͷɱ㣬޴ƣ


531 ɱȻ
Ϊʹûκһ̣ҶЦôУôġҪɱһˣ
ӣ
ͷ߹Ƥ

һҪ
һҪǣҲԣˣθο޹ֵŮӣ
ɿǺôûأҶЦʵɭȻ
ѾǱԸɱȻˣȴǱضܷŹģ
ҹ˱
˼кɫȻѾˣٸɫһȴѾЩࣺӣɥĲİףҵĴ÷ֻһ֣Ǿǣ
ҲˣҪвµˣȫҪȫ
ŭ˵
仰һ˵ҶЦξͬʱתͷȻ
˵ʵӱһ֣˵ҪŹǣҪҶЦξ⣬û뵽Ȼܹһɱ
ҪɱǰˣֿΪȻǷ֪ҪеĲϤɱսж
ҶЦƽ˵صĹƣʮˣ
ҧ˵ʮΣǲ뵽еˣͲˣֻƤ˼ޣҪ˵ʮˣһˣһǧˣһ֮ȫɱˣ
һ
ˣοο޹ԩ꣡
Ļնԥ
һרڱɱȻڴ˿̣
ΪһŮˣרŮӵĶû˲뽫ȫɱ
ȫҳնȮ
ҶЦ³һȻԸģڴӦ㣬вµˣҽһҲŹ۶Է˭ʲôʲôӵʲǫ̂Զ£һֱȫްٻ¥𱣻֡ͳͳȫɱ⣡
Уްٻ¥ϵһȫɱͬ⣡
ҶЦ˼ʻܳء
ްٻ¥䣬ˡֻǾһÿһҪŮӱʵ۹֣Ҫÿʮ򣡰ٰ꣬ʮ򷼻꣡
ʮ򷼻꣡
һεȿֲ֡ңִģˣǵָЩ绨ഺŮ
ҶЦһв߾ɱ֮ĺΰ
ӡתͷעȻϲѪɱ¾ЩˣίʵɱԼҲҪԳ֣
ҶЦã˵úãд룬Ծʹӽҹʼһտʼһղб֮ˣ
ϣ˲ʱֳɱʹڿʼ
ͻȻէֹâһ
һĺһͷĵ䣡
ϵˣһҺͱҶЦһͷ
ҶЦûʧԣûĥǣһף˹߾Ȫ
ˣǲǰİԪ֣Ϥ
ֻ˸˵𣬾ֻⳡɱ¾һ۵Ŀ˶ѣ
ߣҶЦ˿̵һҲȲˡ
侹캦ĻڣȻһ˸ҶĻӵΪ̨£ҶЦһҲȥˣ
ȻʩǾ
һξۼҶѶҪϣͻȻ͵һ㶣һӴ
ܹλһ㶵ԭȻ򵥲ȴҲʲô̫飡
ֻξҶЦ˼ļȺ
⺮
ξԾôϤ
Ϥأ
ξʱΪԼ˵Ǹˣ
ǸԼԼ壬ȴʼʼԵһľˡ
ЦЦξжȻһͷͻȻʵѵ֮ǰΪ˵ǸˡͲʲôˡԵΪǡԼ
ҶЦԵʱһ㶣漴ȻԼʲż֮£ɢļȺԼ©˵ףʱ˿ҲûεıҪ˵Ҳ˵ˣºǺЦ壬鵱ǰػڼƽЩС£Ͻ߰ɣǸɻȥúúüʶһ£λ¼һ޶Ļȥֻ·ǵǰ޹ˣҲ޺߿׷ġ
˵ţһС֣ƿշȥ
ҹУƮתۼ䣬ѾȥԶˡ
ʲôЩС£ǿ¹Ϊ飬ôҪ飬СӿУȻ޹ؽҪˣξЩƵͷƤѵ˵ӵʵֻСôˡ
ξƹƣϸ룬Ҳȷʵ˵µʵʱ
ҶЦЯѾһǰ棬ξΨʧȻξҲҶЦԱ֮ܣ⣬߸һΪ˵治ߣ˵ȷʵ͵ıѱһҲֻȽڶ׷ȥ


532 Ӹ
ȻһСˣ˾;£Ȼÿζңôôô
ξв̣ͣԸġ
šòСʲôʱôˣξ˼⣺СӼǰŲԪǰʱȻдȵľҲֻǵԪΡԪ־ȻѾĶˣʵʵָءĽȣǱҪʤһô
ѵ˵̥̥֣ϰѵģ
ιֻܼоԼһͷˮԴȫǽȫʣ⣬޷š
У
ƬƬһƬԭѾʼб£ȫڱΣ
ƺǼѪȣ£ҲԸ⿴ˡ
Ųʣǣզؾզذɡ
Ҿȫ֪ˡ
ۣ˼ǣ

ӸС
Ӵ˿һϣȴץС˻
ǰһ̣ǰĵģһߣһɫѣ׷룬Ȼ뷢԰ףԾͦΣէһȥмɷǵζ
ϧ΢΢ʱȴǴ¶һа֮ɫƻй١
ƺа֮ɫʹʲôαװ޷ΣѾ֮С
ϽճɣǰѾ͵־ǡһŰӣݵطϣһ죺ճɣȴˣ˵ֵˣЩǷƸ¥֡
棬Ŀע̣üͷ壬Ϣʵô
ӵͷӦǰ˾ŲʮҲЩġ
һˣҪͣһͣߣҼðȥһ˶ĿƸ¥ͬһǵģǰǣǣҲǡ
ӵͷҲô롣
һźϣǵ룬ǾáһҪ֪ҪףϣȻ㸸ʣҲδܹ̫вΨǷƸ¥ȴǵģ
ӵͷһֱΪ˳죬ΨһȴΪ˷Ƹ¥½ͣ˲⣬Ĳ棬ֻ¶ҪЩԽˡ
߻̧ͷаĿоâһûκε顭Ƹ¥ʵ֮ǿ󣬿ž񣬰½ڣƸ¥˰׹ӴӲ棬ģŮӣƶ֮֮㡭һ룬ĹǱǿ޿ƥеŮ֪ˡʲô³
ɫ΢΢һ£ǿЦڴˣֺɵʲô
ƨߺһ䣺УѾǵ۷壬ǿߣһ㣬ҵҲԸԷƱαϣȻĳЩУֻƨ㲻ϰǷƸ¥һڵһʱǧҪκν
Ծһ仰ǾʵһЩͣһ㣬ȷƸ¥ٸ귭ˣټȥҲ١һЩ±ˣɶǱݵ飬ǲ롣ߺ˺ߡ
ӵǣĿǰҲֻˡ
ͻȻ˵ţһ㣬ʲôͣԷΨҪǴӾѪȴһٵģ
΢ЦǵȻôҲᵢС
ĵȴһôģӸ˵ôãﲻҪ㣬ԽԽѸôڣһжôˣȻҪӾѪ
ֵ֮ʱȥ£ﻹôĴӣ
һӣʱҹ°ǸһŮӡͻȻо¸һȣĳ˲ʱ
ĸЩΣʵܴǻδô
漴ʱ˻شỹûС·ģǰһ֣ʧ󣬲һۡкΪѡ
Եͷһ
Ȼûеõ϶Ĵ𸴣ݣ׷ʵ㵱ȷѮһٸӽң
һ̾
ǳǶѾҳһˣ΢ʱ㻹ĵļҪһٸӣôĲݵ
ֻǶҲ֪ԼˣѾǰħһҲָ壬ǲ˴ﲻĿģŭˣôԼҲԵõµһԴ
ȫû⣡Բ⣡ӳϿҵ˵࣬Ϻ죡ԲϵѮĵ죬һ˽


533 ɱ
ĵͷǾͺãͲᵢϷ£
һŰӣΣע̬ƣһӵλá
ڰǰԵɺߣԴ֪Ļӵ֮󣬰߾Ϳʼնӡ
ҿ㣬ϻλ
ҿѧ书
ҿԪӳ
ҿ㡭
֮ܶҪһУҶԲۿ۵ĸ㣬ֻҪһ£ң
Ϊᣬ˭ǰӣ
˵ôĺô
Զչһǿʵ֮ʹӦףǸʱ֪ҪԼΪʲôôһ£
ӾͿʼްٻ¥һϵӴһʼ֪ԼһУε캦ɥ
ĲƸӹԼߵԽԽ࣬ԼʵѾﵽΪ̫ӵĴͥʱ򡭡
Ѿû·
ң־
ɴ߲СڡӾοԼʮŮӣȴܳɾҵĻͼҵ֮Ī֮Ī¶ҵģʷʤдʱ˭ϸ΢ĩڣ
̻أ
οǳɾһ
Ҫ˳Ļλ̳жλһôѵ飿
˵İ£һжɵĽС
ֻҪܹϵλκδۣһֵõģ
ӴһʼĸУľֵãٵİãĽֱɥĲ񡭡
߹̣һֻ˲ʱ䣡
߹·̵дʵ˵ϣûκһŮ˿д֮ȻҪƻôƻĸ˵Ŀ²ƻΪβңԾӦңΪǻӣݸ߹󣡡
䣬һδĻʵۣҽҪǵӣһֶͣǵܹɾһλǾȪ֮£ҲӦúЦġ
ֳåѧ˼룬öӲûиоΣУԲ
Ǳҵ񣬼Ȼ֮ѾΪʲôΪӴļֵأ
ǣЩŮ˼Ůձɱ
ת˶бӻǮơ
ڣȻǰ棬ӵȴѾĲɡ
ҶǸŮӣνԼƽľɫ
ϽץҶҪúõһŮӵǲͬŮӣҿԽ£ݲؽ
ȵ꣬㲲֮ٽ֮һֱά绨ҺܹĻңҲһѡ
ƶŮ˵ĪĶ䰡
š˼šš
˼ؿ˿ӾþûзµӣҹǸĿ꣬ǸŮӣӦǺܵöӵµⰡ
΢Цһ£Щ䱸ĵͷǵģŮӣĺϲ
ĵǴô
üͷ
ղҶѾ˵ĺºϲ
ѰڻҪڰܹ£
ӦǵģظҺϲԣŮӣͲҪ˰ɡ
ԾͰѻ˵ˡ
߹һЦȻ֮ˣȻǺܸȤܹöӵǣӵ˶׸úεȹɫ㣿Ϊϧðյﳯس
һ˿΢Цһ˿ɫ⣬Цҹעһֵüӣҵϻ湦һϰˡ
ߴЦŶŮ˾츳ôǵˣίʵ޸ǳϷҲЩˡ
˴޳۵ʱһͻأ𣺡޸ǳǳģʼǣҹһֵüӡֻȴλͷӣ㣬ȴǿֿ϶ƶһ
һͬʱĵͳƺ߲ҽУʹܲﲻ
һ˿٣Ȼתͷ˭
䣡
һ
úõͻأըѣը÷飡
ſڣһ꣬һŮȻ
ֿտգںһɴݵһŮȴֳһ˪ѩѩɫűĺ˸ĹʣĿǳɭȻ
Ӽ״Ȼվ㵵˵ҶЦ㣿
ȴδŶӵľĿڵһʱ˱ϣĿת˲ŨŨľ֮ɫΣͻȻһЦϾȱľɫˣúúãȻǰ˵ϷҲֻЦˣ


534 ſʼ
˵ͷڳ룬ҹڡ
еɱҪʵʣôˣǱˣ˻һлұ֤˵жӣֻãܣµУ޾ʹ֮Уµ񣡡
ˣȻҶЦ
һҶЦ֣ûдԼݣ
Ҫظ£˲ԼޱɱԷйһЩ
ҶЦԼʵĿɱ˵ʱӸѾע˼ȮĲҵ֣
Σʼǣѻ켼ܣмֿͷ
һ֮ҹעһֵüӡʵ
ҶЦԲ˽Լݱ¶ȥ
ԣظ£ֻնݳž𣬼Ȯˣ
ܲҽڶ
һȺȺĺɱ֣ڶӸΧǽվš
ۡзλ˿ءΧˮйֻͨҪ壬ɱ⣡
ڼҲó컨ҪʾϾǴٲŹǳǸδֻҪʾ̻գʱڱиԮָ߲ŸոóģȼͷžѾһġ
ӸмֻӥͬǸոշ𣬾εǽļѹһмӿһͷ䣬мתΪ⽴
ſڴξһ򵱹أгүĹһͣͣĽȥĿѩ⣬һһƬɽѹ
ԴſΪ㣬ξ֮Ŀǲȱȫʬ壻еĲʬϱȫɢ࣬ξʹõģǵ֮ʱõľ
ŵɱҲξˣ޶֮⵶ɱЧȴģ
ߣȻȫʬκܹ⣡
ſ֮
ˣɱ񣬽ѩڷɣѤý֮ģȴ罦ʺѪˣȥʬأ
ӸУȻΪǴʧСʧĴ඼սڻӸԭսû̫Ӱ죬ĻӸвٻ൱Ҳڡ
ȻУЩ˳ʵ۹ǿսıʿֻͬһ¾ȫûκһ㻹ֻ֮Ǻ嫽⺷Ȼһ壬Ѿδңս
Ĵɱͬʱɱ·ǶӸۡսܿܵ˵ģ
ӸеһһӴ˲ʱѾɾٻڵһ֮֮࣬˲ʱһ򣬾ʶ˽ҹƵգ
ԷƣҪӳŵĽࡣ
֮ǰǳӸۡԵصҵˣһս֮࣬˴Ӹ˵ûжʧ
ϾҪʼһЩġ
һսǿߵǿսȴѾӡһʱ˿̣жλǿ߼ٶӸɱ¾ȻǰЩ˸ݣ
һܲսľս˲ҲĴɱܹ˲ʱӸսһԭЩս磬ηƴǰͺ̵ӲξĿǰľʵôҲɱϺһᣡ
Ȼǰ֮ǰȳǿߣƺǿУһϾɱĿһЩͷԻģѾʼĴѰͻΧĵ·
Ϊֱ˽˵̬γһǧˣĸ׷ɱĹ컭棬ұ׷ɱ߻ԼפĵطҪͻΧ֮ģֱһЦ
쳣Ц
Ȼʱ˿̣Цȴʵʵڵķˡˡ
ۼƲԣ˷ΧǽȻŸոճȥǽҽһǽͷÿ˵ؿλöһѪѪ硣
Щشµͬʱǽͷϸˣ˵ԻгͿʼͷ
ܶ˵ģ˵ģֻѾġȫ⣬һ·ֻǽͷ
ֶΣ˸κε©֮Ŀܣ
ҪȷһǷˣֱӽͷһ󣡡
ҶЦж֮ǰĽһɱֵԡ
ôǿˣڿͷ֮ôҲȷԷˡǿͷܻô߿ѡ󷢴ȱһ·ɡ
ɱֹЦ


535 췴Σ
Դ֮ǻܻ߿ѡ󷢴ȱһ·
⡭ʲô
ҶЦµЩɱȻڼִһ
ңͷ֮ʬѻһ𣬽Դֿѳһơ
ԲԴӴĻ᣺һԼֻأѵ󷢴ȱһ·
ȻǸǺܺЦЦʵԭǣȽ׷
ûԴһĶѻȻһһѵľȷɢһԴƵڿҷɣɵͬһط
ģרſԴǸɱߣ˸߸ߵһСɽվͷɽǰʱĽԴһȥϾͷԲģѷܻżġ
ƣһϵڰ̯
ֻǰɽͷɽ
涯ֵĴɱ񣬳ξ֮⣬䡢ƽ죡
ΪҶЦٻǶϡ顣
ɱǳ֣ɱȴֱǾ춯ؼ
ں½ؽ磬֣ԶԵκش˵ֻһӸۡ
仹ξǵɸɾɱ˵ѹ̼֮ƽλɱĵ׶һӲĸо
ѵ˵ϣɱ˻бǸţƵô
ֻΪʱûκε飬۵ɱְֱȥǿǾԲеģ
ߵܶ
ƽ׷׷˺ݣѶǶ֮ƣҪϼӽʩչԼֵѹֶΣӿɱٶȣҪιܼұȸߵͣһۣ
ӸʿȻĲ٣ΪģҲһԪһƷͳ죻ˣܹﵽԪĶǺܶ࣬⼸ɱĪ˵ʲô֮ˣм֮Ƿ
λԪһƷͳ죬ĺܲòʣʵ춼ûüʩչһ֮䣬ƽԴ
Ȼˣƽ֮ƽ߹һ棡
ɱ¾ĳۡѪԽԽŨڣУһƬɵڽξۼȻŴſǱƮ˹ȥ
ҶЦվλá
ЩɵֻҪһȥҶЦλãͻʧ١
ƫƫһĻҶЦǲ֪ġ
˿̵ҶЦû˾ܣûдܼӳֵҶЦȻⳡʵʼٸߡ
޾ռ֮ڣļתЩɵǴ˼Щ˵֮ϤϢĴգβ©
һҲܳȥ
ҶЦ֮ǰ˵ɥȮ
ԸɥĲĶͽһҪó
ڣڵһΪĲĶ֮£еˣ
ǵλ٣𣬵ٲ
С
ɫΡȻأ۾ҶЦĲҺɱȫţͻسҶЦҶĶҶЦô
ҶЦȫԱ߶ݺݵصԼĶӣҾҶЦ˵ϽүǲǺָɵĵز
۾һУɭ˵СôĵӣҶ죬ҲδظҸϷӽƾδɵСȻ˴ʴʣ֪ߵغ񣡡
ǷӦ˹ĺɱϵҺɫɷ׵ҶЦô󵨣ҹô𵶱ӻȨıӣҪ췴ɣ
ӵҲȫȻķ֪ҶЦΪ˫תȴռݳϵϷ磬һھ͸ҶЦһñӣϣҶЦܹ˼ɣԼʼǵӣȻܣҲʹɱֻ֣ҪԼзᣡ
ҶЦĿ⿴һۣӲǴҪɱһ˵ѣ̸췴ô˵ˣҪ췴Σ
˵꣬ɫһ䣬ȻȵڣѾĸӱ죡
仰˵ɱȻ̹ǣ
ӱͻɷһ壬ɫתΪҰף촽һ£Ȼ˵ȸԽһЩˤڵأȻվסˣǱ֮࣬ڳˡ
ͬĿɢǿҵòεߺޣŶӣ㣬ҪƻҵҸô
ڱԣںĲһ㣡
ҴͲӵйҸ񣬸ողҵҽĹޣҵҸȻƻ
ǾԾԵģӲԭµģ
ڣСѾͷŶӵͬһͷҪ˵ĴƱ޲ýһһȥ
һȥµ׺ݣ


536 ٻ
˼ȻѾŭ˼Ծ޵òɷּµ˿ΪķŭԼֺһֱ
Ŀʱһֱǰеаâ֮ʢ
˴˼ʿű񣬲ΣҪĽһȥ
ϣ
ҶЦȻһѴʳ͵һ顣
ڰνĹУ뽣ΪϵĦȻһ쳹ĺȻ
ڽĽȻֻǰγһ룬ȴѾǽ
ɱ
ҶЦĿɭ

ĿĹʣעҶЦС㶼֪Ϸ˭Ҫôһ֣˫ɾûתأ㵱涼ϧԼСô
ǰΪȻһʵȴǼߣ鳬Խ˺½۷ĲΣѿҶЦȻʵʵΪԼһ൱ңԶĲ࣬ݶҶ飬Ҷûʵ̫ǿ
֮£Ȼ⣬ΪҶУһԪ߽ǿ֣ϾҶ찮Լӵ֪˱ҶЦȻ֮⣬ȴ֮УɱҺӸۡеʵߣǶҶѪ㳲һ浹ɱ֮УҲϡ
ҶЦ˿̾ǰֻҪԼһ֣֮Բ˺ϾĸҶЦ˵ϣҶЦǰȻϾҶЦܹԺͣһблء
ϾҶˣ˭ġ
ڴʱһӰ룬һ֮䣬֮жӵİ˸ѾʺѪߣ漴Ѫ磬ͷ쳣Բϵ䣬µµڵϡ
˵ҵ˭ԭڽѾʧ˶ʮİٻڴ֣ˮӼߣװŪǲǵΪ¾ûʶˣǾܿ죬ҹԴ󣡡
µһɱ֣䡣
·ɱ¾սʱȻȴѾӸɱ䣬޷̿ܣۿƽѾܹƿش֣ҶЦΣ㼴ֱӴ룬ڣ
ͫ׾һ˭мȻʶϷ򣡣
ǰζ벻ϣȻʶԼ
ٻнһаŰݱˣơ
˷ָֻ˵˲ݵǣŮӣÿÿȼɱֱɥĲһ㡣
еĹ죬òɲŮ壬
аһȴǣܶصˣֻҪŮߣһҹȬֻǣɲŮӣȴضһҹ֮棬״ҡ
ȹаԼ˼ɵ˽ߡ
󣬸ɼ˳ʮλ۷֣Χˡ
ȻǿݣǰٻԾڲɱ֮ͻΧӴ˲֪١
ʢȻ䣬ǴΧ˵Ķλ֣֤ƼأΪ
ⲻ֪ٻǴΧ֮󣬹ȻˣСϱһƣ
ҲǾһ֮ʮʱû¶档һֱˣһֱ˽죬Ծûлָ۷ʱڵΪ
ôϢΪŮӣһΪȴҲѾָ߰˰ˡ
֮ԿԺ֮ôĴ֮ŮҪһԭΪħҪŮԪָƣΪ
ʵϼһһεĸѾ׸ĻòһŪһ뷢԰׵õ˵òֱӾˣƽҲֻڶӸӼ¶档
֮ǰ󳬼ŹλӸۡһۣħǸɴȫû¶棬ϾΧĸ֮У󳬼ˣһأ
û뵽˳һʮ壬ҹȻô׵ر˽г֣£
һߣˮԭ㾹ȻˡСһ˭ʹ͸ô
ٻˮԴһ漴ǿҵĺͻȻӿͷ䣡ԭ㣡㣡
ٻˮ޼ɵֻҪ۵ŮӣħƣŮ为չЩеĺã껪޹ʱټڶ൱۷ǿΧ˻ˮԭûԤģϾɱֱȻȴǳϵӧڴ뻨ˮһش֮һۣûƴһսΣδ֮
һûɱˮһֱڻ


537 ɱ飡
һһζɻôӲãһֱΪֹ
˼ۺ죬ˮһһΣͻػһ쫷磬߳˹ʮǰ쵰˶ڣŽ͵Ϯһʱ˿̣㵥ǹƥڴˣ˾Σҿδҵ
׵쳹ڴ
ˮͬһ¡
ֻǺһٽмܣ˲Ϣ⾰ȻڴﻯżѤõĽ⣬Ժ䣬ҵĺڶ
һ
ڲͻȻ£һĿ࣬º֮ˣɫ䣬Ŀ޸飬ֻǵĽ룬һ쳣ŨҵɱѸ
һˣʮ
ÿһ㣬Ȼʮˣһ֣
ЩˣЩˮϤѵĸ֣ҲǶӸУĵƣǿʵڣ
ʵҶЦԴһʼ͸оǿϢĴڣһֱûг֡ڣֲס˻ˮЩҲ
Щ˵˫ƶԱƺ˲ʱתҶЦһ
ϵһµ˴ǲΪġ
µģԶǰǱĵ֣
ȥǶ£ҪƻҸףȲҪɱǻҪ֪һЩʲôôȫҡҶЦЦ
ͷԥһﳤȻһѩ׵硣
ͻȻߡ
סӼ״󾪣ʩ֮࣬ھʧ֮мȥ
ʮͬʱޱǰһȻҪס
ҶЦһͻȻͬһ֧һ㼫ٳ彫ȥ
УһһĽ
ˣҶЦڳʣ
ʵͬʱȻһ磬ʮλԪչ޲ǿƹ
Ҫһ֮ͬʱʮˣ
ʮֵУͬʱ¶һ˿Ӳм
ʮ˶ǻˮЩУϤİףԱպ𽭺֮ʱ֮ʱ˵£ʮ˲ʵ൱ˣʶ඼һʱ֮ѡ֮ˡ
ʮ˴֮䣬ѶϤóȻҶЦˣʵȻףһһĻ߻Щʤ㣬һ֮ͬʱ˷ʮˣѻʯ
ʮһһ죬ʮһͬʣȴֻһ
ӭҶЦϮĽ磬ɫȻ
˺һȻҪ֪ߵغСֱӻ
ҵδ棿
ҶЦĿһһ˿Ц⣬һĳͻȻֶǣأԻڿзɳۣȴѾһ˳ȥ
ֱǷ׹һ˱˶Ⱥ
˶˵ʮȻûвһȻܹӵˡ
ͻ֣ʮ˴ʧԤ㣬˽֣ҶЦٶȲԻַɳıٶȴǱߵִ˶˵Ԥʱ䣬ȫȶ
ʮӦΪ٣˿ңͬʱٽá

еһҶЦĳչײ̶ڿбһŻ𻨡
ȻһԷԣΪһײԷӵľԶԶԤǿ֮ͣԷһֻһУȻиɱĹƸ
ʾ֮ʣȴѾڱ˶ʮ˽ȫעǿͻַɽʱҶЦڿһͻأĹӹŤһ£
ˢˢˢ
ʮϸԼȹŹֵĹ켣˳ȥ
ͬʱʮɵһ
⣬һ˲䣬ҶЦֻ˲ٸֱӱһŻӰ
ȻҶЦûս
ֻսپѸٽսս
һʮΣôͲԹѵڣѸ˽սأ
žžž
˽÷겻͸ʮӦɣɵҲһ˲䱻Уƫԭ켣˳ȥһɵɲɵĲŶӵշɹɭϢͬһĸоöӾһЩʺ
ȻһŹֵ춯
˷߸о˼顢ŵĹʡ
ˣסԼʺĸԼķλãͬ໵˵ľͷһ㣬ֱͦͦĵȥˡ
ֻǻûе嵹ȥһŽ̻һ㱬ѣ
ۡ
ҶЦȡһһ߽ɴཫԲ˵˴ãĲӰڿ˸߸ԴѾһ˲ͱҶЦ
˲ʱѪأ
ʮÿֶǲףΪ͵ģҲԪƷΪߵģԪƷΣ
ҶЦʱȴǸ벻ϾȻɱֶΣ
ȷ˼սʽ


538 սپ
Ѿɵķͷɵڷɳȥ֮󣬾ȻԼһȦٴη˻ŵٶչ֮Уڸղһ㡣
֮һн
ʣµ˸ԮԼͬ飬ܵĽ֮ⷭУأԲϹԼķ뻹зɵ˶һأĿ־塣
Ϊ˷ɵԼͬǣǵѾȥÿϵļѾڣ
ζʲôҪ֪һܡѪҺѭѸֹͣȻǰж֮Ա㲻һɢȥֳֺɫȻԾڳڼ
Ȼͷɵϲо綾һҪĳֺ涾
жǱЩߺޣ
꣬žԲѷɫԼ˵ʵʵΪ߱ԼҪ߳ȥҲ˵ĸ֣Լ˵ʱ򣬾ȻǰǶҩ
ȫϸԼչս
޳ܵʲôز
ֱһڸһ꺢Ӵܵʱ꺢ӳֿȭλȴ˳һǹ
Ѿʤ֮⣬ȥĨɱԼҪҪҪʲôزĸ߶ˡ
мȲڣŭҪһֵ߽ſзŵķɵʱҶЦٶշ𣬿ŵֻȻסողķɽǡһ
мʱһλεĽⱦ
ţɢݷһһƣһ
ôͷ
ǵģң
ң
Ѿýǽ⣬нȫ۳һɽһ޴ӿ䣡
ǵ汻ҵԽѣֻ߸ɴһ
ǱֽγɵĴҵȴֻһŶ˵ڣ
һС
ͬʱƴӭ˶֪һӲ¡㲻ĻҪ˵һʬ壬Աȫ
㲻ĻԼ³ֻ߸ȥԴͬң
ҶЦ˼۾ֻǲ̵Ц⡣
ڿתһȦ
ˢˢˢ
أзɵͬʱת򣬼սͷǱս֡
ȻڴҶӷǵѾƿԼߵľƣ֧ܳԮһߵ䣬ֹڴˡ
תһȦ֮гȻתǸֱֱ֮Ҵһ˵ؿڡֻоؿһʱҶЦȻ˽תʩɱһȭ
޻٣ݺݵһ˵ؿҪ
һе֮࣬漴ӽһ˲ʱһ̽ȴֽոշǿڳǺ˵ؿڰ˳һѪ飬һŽⱬʢ
Ľʹݺ˼״æӽмܣȴѽȻһֶ
ֻһַɽ֮ǰͬһֱӽ
ۣ
ַɽһ˵壬ֱӶǽڣ
ͬʱҶЦιĳһԣһŴϣֻʡꡱһԷеһȴ˼Ѿ۶ϵ⣬Ϊڱ˲䣬Ѿ峹׷룬ȾʹԶԶط˳ȥ
Ҳһ˲䣬ƮɵĳѾ˶ӵĲϣȻӽɱûʹ£ŹɥĲ˷ָļһ
۵СֺݺݵҧžžžһȴǵСѾڶϡ
λҪƻԼҸĶһչֳħŮһ棡
ҶЦߣжɱԷˣһŶ֮࣬ϣþδԭȥƶѾı䣬ֻı䣻һλۼβúðգҧгݵһԷ˼ҶЦѾߣɫĺȻһۿžҪҶЦؿڴһ󶴡
ҶЦǵѾתȫȻΪҲ㲻ȥȻֻһȴҲţܻԮĺۼԼҪ֣Ļŭһ˲ȴҶЦտյ־ּһ
һâĶ̽Ȼϣڼ䲻ݷ֮ʽԷƫһ˿
һ˿֮ѾԸдս֣
͵һ
ҶЦۣһ˵һνǳ˱֮һ߿ֱ֮࣬ҶЦһܸ࣬ɴø첲Ťס˵Ĳӣ
Ȼ֮࣬һת
꣡
۱ͻѾҶЦһһתֶˡ
ͬʱҶЦֵǿڶ̽Ȼһʺ磬ŵѪҶЦղ߶ȵǸûİҽеĺ˴Ķ
ᣡ
֮̽ȥƲֹ͸ض˴ϣ


539 һ򾡣
ǡþʱƽһҲ׽ĵˣϡ
һͿصǽʬ壡
ͬʱܴɵؿҶЦɱ˵һĻ
֤ⳡɱɱֲԼͬĵһ
նɱһˣ漴ø첲ڽԷŤͬʱԶ̽һ˴Ļɱ
Ƕߵƿأ
ȻƿҶЦνðգֻڲƬ̣ܽ˴ɱ
ҶЦȻ֪ģȴȻѡ˵ķȻҪսپ
һ˿һս
һ࣬뻨ˮսݱ
ҶЦ֮ǰ͵תսķԾڿзɵ˿̶Ѿڵϣ߲ǽ֮СһѽʹͬˮӵкʮǰµħͷȻռϷ硣
ʼڰշвɧţûˮȫû취ȫԸӭս䣡˿̻ܹ·ƣѾ֤ϼһʵǿˣ
ƽ˴˶һۣٲս֣˵Գ˶ӵլ
˵жҪ壬Ȯģ
ȻȻһ㲻ʵִУ
ҶЦԹս֣ʼһ˿Ц⣬ûмʱս֣УѾ۶ɵǳʲô仯ɵȻͻ˲ɶ
ɱоѣ
һЦξƮƮķɽ˴ŻѪޱɱۼս֣ܸɴĴһֱӷϷ־һݺݵŻˮͷͷȥ
ڶ֮ǰһ仰û˵һǼԵ֮£
Ƭ֮ǰԭķȫˣˮܹһ
Ҫ˵ЩȲǺܴɱ΢ľ綾ȴĴ˼ɣǹĪ⣬ˮԴʼռɵ࣬׵ȵ֮߶ء
ֻһˣˮܹȡʤģ
ȻڸողһͬʱͻȻһǰδеѹֶһԿܵӴЮŻıŰ͵£
ǾһȫҰ򷨣
ˮ㲻ҵһУƴһã
߾ȫһΣ

һǰ죬ͬһ׳ڿտлĴþȫǧҲƣ
һƴ֮࣬ˮžһҺ֮ͬʱѪҺ
иһԲѪ͵
ӣһƴ֮㰫˰أ°ӣȻξҶһҽ˼ʵĵ֮У
ֻһݺµĴħͷʧȥս֮
һĪξϹע˺þá벻Ҷ֮λܼңȻ˾춯صʵ
δܼȻ־״òֵЦЦ
ʵξһƣЩΪǿɱ֣ô࣬ҶЦǴģ
ôһӾͳôࣿ
ۣ
£ĻˮһѪ֮࣬ͻȻּٵץһѪɫԲ򣬽֮ԼС
漴Ұ׵Ȼ˼˿ΣͻأһأԴԵ˳ڳ˶û뵽£ſڼɴܣ
ˮĿ꣬ƺſڣǱ
ӳȥץסΪҪЮˮãԼһܹһ
ֻҪκһôԼ;ˣ
ȻԷǸĿֲǿҲûϵ
ξͬʱŭξ䣬ͬʱ𡣶ҶЦѾеķɵҲҪɳ
ȻʱҶЦеķɵողҪֵ˲䣬ȴűĻˮͻȻ͵һһһ㡢žһ˵ϣ
һ˼Ľ⡭ô£
ˮղŶűȥȴתͷ
ԭڰ׷һ̣Ȼ˺ɫȫǺɫģ
һ޵׶עԼɭ޾Ķһۣ
ֻһۣ
ȴƺһ޿쾫˫۾ϢȻ˻ˮԺʶ֮С
һֻһ˲֮䣬ˮֻоԼͷʹѣһԴѾըһ㣡
Լ࣬ҲǾʹֹͣ
һĿ־壡
ˮԼ֪ôһ£ĪĿ־壬־һܶˣ
һˤڵϣΪȻûʩչΪסԼ壬ˤһǴλһ֮󣬲ŷĲҽ
Ѿʼаĭӿˡ


540 ţ
ʱ򣬶Ȼսսܻܾʧĺˣ߽ʣļ˲ͱҶЦۿŽѩıƽðʧģ鰡ǡ
ѾλӺ֮ǣﻹʲôӲ飡һŽ֮ߵڵأ漴ǳڲϣһĴк˹ȥ
һֱˣѾ˳ͷβͷͻȻѹ
ۿǰŤҲ̶õĶӣЩš
ңʲôʱôĺˣ
ֻǣȻôţԥţȴҲͬʱָо֮ǰйһȫ޴Ƶɱ뱩Űˣ
ҹΪǿŭ֮£ıŰѾȺ󱬷˺üΡ
ÿһΣñоԼƺǱһˣ
оñܲǣٿŴ֮һƬҾ󣬱ֻüȻȫûиоԤ֮еĲʡ
ѵ˵Լ̬䣬Ȼǰĸо
˼룬ȻǸʲôٻˮȻԼ˹
ħͷȻˣԾǹβסа֮⣡
ȻҪԼ߳ȥ
ֻߣǴҪЮԼͷ
ڣеаζ߱һֲ˵Ŀܡ
һ̣ͷȻŭǹԭƵıŰһ
ֻоԼͻȻͶһݵǿɱͬʱһ
ֻǵŻˮŸҪνնħȴԼоԼеѾһȻ˳ȥ
һ̣ˮһҽУôˤ˵ϣ
ˤǱ״
ֱڵϲϳ鴤òҲˡ
ԤϵʣһӾסˣòƶЩ֪ˡ
⡭⵽ôһأ
òֻǵһۺľãûİ
ˣ϶ǰѾ˼ˣɵһûˣѹ˱ҵһֻۣǴɣ϶ӡ
뵽ƺֻͣǺ˳£
ţòҲΪϺ˵
ֻǣΪϺ˵δؾʵ
ڣҶЦƮ£ݺݵزڻˮ棬ͬʱ˽һ䣺ӵĸЩ˾ıѶ
΢Цķģȫһ׻ˣһҲûܵ
ҶЦµĻˮٷһ˺ѷεĲҽУһѪ˳ֻ˿̵ûааֻ޾Ŀ־ֻţŲԶһµıͬһ˵㡭
ҶЦһץסͷݺ漴־һ˦ȥ˵ͷӱ죡
žһ
ˮгݻһأ
ϼһ˲ʱΪ˵еġ޳ݡ֮ˣţҲǰ޳ݡ֮ˣ
һХƽѪĳլ߳
ӣӸеˣѾ¾ϣȷϲ©
û޹ɣҶЦĿɭ䡣
ûУ˲ò࣬λӵ£Ļħͽܣҡ
ƽĵĿ˶һۣû뵽ģλӲһλԺĻĸһһλ춼ҪñӵĻӣ飬ĳƽǵһ˵룬һλĸ깫Ƥñһӣʵ۹Ƿܹһͳ£϶ûˡ
ЦˣŮ֮лˣǶӵŮͬʱްٻ¥м󣬶ӵʹʲôֶΣܽԼ£ȫң
ӵңҲڣǡ
ˣҲˣֻЩȥ֪ϴˣҵĶˣ
ҶЦ˵ЩѾ㹻ˣ֮ץߣʱأҹѶɱֶߡҹֳĶС½ѾˣܲҪ֮ͻ
һӦһӳֻһĺ

ǣ
ӸУŮʮˣŮʮˣСʮˣڣ˶Ѿȷͷء󣡡
ʬȫȷһ飡
ǣ
ӸУˣһ©
ٵһ飡
ǣ

ȷһ飡Դڲϵģӿ
ǣ
ٶȣ

ȷ󣡡
ȷ󣡡
ãͷһѣʬһѣȫҰڷˣаհۣ
ǣ
ȫԱˣˣ

һƬХ֮ವһֱûнЩɱǣתۼʧǰĺڰ֮С



541 󰸣
һɱ뿪ã
Եֳ֮֮࣬Ż֣ڿǳǽҲˣǣ
ҲҶЦжʵ̫Ѹ١
Ѹײڶ
ܹʱѾǺٶˡ
ԶĽ߸Ϲ
ҶЦһˣЩߵˣҲʱˣЩˣߣ
һڣҶЦ䣬ƽ죬ξ˸Է̯һץһͬһΧǽһʧӰ١
¡¡
˷ľڸϵಣĻʳǸ֣Էɽ˶ӵԺӣֻǣһ
ȻһôҲҪģ
š䡱һӸűƿһӶӿʿ롣
漴еˣǰ״ˡ
⣬ﻹһλӵĸۡ
ĿֻԺӣѪ죬Ժӵмλãߵʬ壬һšŷţÿһʬ壬ûԴ
һţаոߵʹСŮűࡣ
Ȼʬ嶼ûԴԴȴҲѰңΪʬǰһ߸߶ġͷѣ
ͷǰڽͷ׼һ㣬ѵϸߣ
һϵģȻһ󻧣Ĵֱʣ
ֻǣڸһе˵ͬǴֱʣ
˼ƵѪŨѼʵʣڿ
ۡһ

ͷǰΪ׽־ŭ
ȻֻǲһֻۣǴԹƣԼ֮ǰظ¶Ѿɱĸɸɾˣ
⡭
ӸУ˶ӺλŮʬûм֮⣬ˣڣѾڷ֣
ʿѸٶŻһ飬㱨ǰĽ˱ӣһƾ˹ȥ˵ɱ˵ôҪ˵ʲô֣಻֣
λʿŵŵ£и̣ģ֣֮ǰһٽ𣿼ǵõʱ㻹˵ԴˣһҪдϸ֣֣ô˵Ҳⲻͷʵڵǹˣôġ
󰸣
λ亹Ѿðˣ֮䣬͸ѣ۾ɳݡ
ڻʳ֮ڣ
ӸѪϴű𣬼Ȯ
ϵӣ
ǻʵӶӵĸۡ
ʱ飬ô
ȫǽϣȫץ֣λһ𣬼ԼĺǺˡ
Ϊʲôƫƫҵֵʱ򣬷£
⣬ôĻòðˣ
¡Ҫ̲£ᶼ˳ˣ˰
һʿ
ʵԺҾ徵ĳ棬˶ƣ⵽ǵʲôңȻһҹˣ
󳬼źݲݣǿƽλӸۡҲû˵ѻӸŸ˰
Էʲôʵõ飿
ǣʱٶˣ
ҹֵù˷֡һҹĴңյ߸ʳȻһ٣ȴԶԶƽϢⳡɵش
Ȼȵϣȫ¶ɱˣ
ʵζʲô
ֵĿǽֻжӣǻˣǾڻˣ޲𹥻
Ƿ񻹽һܺߣ
У֮ǰ
Ž
Ҫ֪ҹҵ̶ֳȣȴҲԾûгһ
ҹȴһһң
Ӽż㼸ǧˣ
һʱ䣬žգĳ޲𸲸ʽôҡƺƵչˣ
˵ʵ۱Ϣʱ糯ϡ
ʵ۱ŵجģһ£ɫһƬɷףҧס촽飡
ֻ˵ôһ֣
Ȼͽѹסˣ۹¡
ƺ£ٿġ
ȺǵĿ֮Уʵ۱ɫ糣֣أ㣬ɣ
һֱͣ糯ɢȥиôĳѾȫⶨ֮󣬻ʵ۱վ߳Ȼǲĳȣ
ǻʵ۱£ݶ̾Ϊֹ硣
ʵ۱µıʹʧ룬ҶóԾԹΪأͻĿԼȥ
Ⱥ̾Ϣɢȥ
˭Ҳ֪ʵ۱лһ·ص޹֮͵ҡ˼£ۡһ³һѪ


542 Ѷ
漴ʵ۱µӾ쵹ȥ

ᣬˢˢ£
Ȼʵ۱´֪ԼӲû̫ΪȻ֪ԼӻǵʲôõģȻҲ޿ˡӦãȻ
ǣȻǧ㲻ǣָɱɡʼգҵĶӣ
ҵĶӰ
ʵ۱ţ˭
˭Ϯ
ȻôݣôôĲأ

һŭ𶯣
ǣüɹ
Ҹ⣬ȫѲ飬һӶӼʿƻڴݺȥĽͳ죬ӳÿһ˶档
ÿһ˵Ŀ⣬ǿɱ֣ƺÿһ˶ɣ
ټľǣɲǼলľԱΣ
ϲ뵷ҡûüˣֻ߾͵ǱĵˣѾǰһյĴѲȴڽ챻˳ѲȣȻһ죬ҪϿ౶

ӵ¡ҶЦϣĿŶӣϾ˵ڣΪŵ飬Ѿַ졢λʣ㻹û˵ģ˭˵֮û飬Դ
͵˫ֲֵۣҶЦ
ħ
ǰ֮˾һͷβĶħ
ڴ֮ǰʮ꣬ûʶֻ߸û뵽λҶĹӣȻ˿ֲ
ԼʱĿʱԼȴѾ
Լ·ô
ҹһУʹڻȻоͬһجҲƣ
ǼĸͷԼߣӲϳƬ䵽ԼµǻᣬجξͿʼˣһֱڣԶԶûֻ꣬߸ûһգجεľͷԼյ㣡
ҶЦ㲻ҪȰǸϽңһıع⣬Ҷȫţ֮أʽյĶѾ֤飬ӣҷѾ췴ҶЦ๼ӴϢţ˻˵
ȻȻ֪֮ⷬԶҶЦûж壬ȴԲԸݣ
ӵϢŭǲҪеôˣСһЩȻҶЦݵĺһڲ裺оǣҲҪٱκεĻ룬ҹȻΪⷬı䣬˸ӲⷬΪλãڵʮ֮£
ʵҿУ˺ҲƲģֻǣôͽʵȤúܡҶЦüëɭɭЦЦ
оǣӵ£ĸôУδľҪҵ㣬㣬²¡˵㸸ʻ᲻ֱѲҼ򱱽أ
ҶЦ΢Цʵ
ӶҶЦһͺƱ˹ͷһ̱Ȼҡͷ
Ҷĵλٹ֪
Ӹ֪λ򱱴󽫾Լеĵλ
˿Ա⣬˿Զҡ
˴¼ΪҶӶʹȴҲƲκˣ򱱽
ǳȫĵطЩɱ֣Ȼǳչƻ򱱽ȴûκκңһ£
˭֪Ҷ죬ֻҪҶҪĶֻҪһҼҵҵ˽
Լĸңĸ¶ֻܱȥˡ
ֻΪҶ󽫾Ϣŭ
˶ѣ
Ѿ̫㹻̫㹻ˣ
½ͳ˧֮УҲֻҶı£
û֮һ
Ϊǰʱ䣬µɱǿҶ죬ȴҶɱһ߽߳

ݿ࣡
һɱˣһ޵ͳ˧
ˣκҲǲģ
Ȼ۹Ļʵۣ
ҶЦҶĶӣ
ҶΨһǣҵǸˣ
ľˣûпҵԼûпܣȻҵܣ̸Ӫȣ
ҶЦЦˣԾͻһ㣬ʵ۱£ҵӵ£öӵжϣʵ۱£о߶ô
ҶЦĻͺһףٶĺڶӵͷ
̫ӡ꣬ȫ޼ʶ֮ˣҹһۣ֤ҶЦǿᣬʹǸǿûߵĴܹξֱ˵ǿµɱֻ֣κһе۵ʵ
Լǿƻˮڼε˵ãεĵ۷壬Ǳ˼øƵģ˵ˮǿȴ־ԲǣţˮһΪԲԼߵǿҹ֮£ȻǻˮǿǾֻ˵ҶЦӵеʵ̫ǿˣ


543 ĥŰ
òƣò֮лµһɱ䣬Ŀǰ鱦鱦ǰһۣ䶯½ҶЦȻܹ붯Ϊ֣鱦Ĺϵǳô
ʵĪ˵ԼԼĸܹǵô
˵ʵզͲ΢¶һ¶أֳһ㣬ҲӽˮˣȻѵãѵԼСҪô
һˣ˵ӸղֻǾھֻбˣȫȫĵı
ҶЦŶӣ£Լлܹӵóȥ
ҡҡͷ
˵Ԯ̸ʵԼﶼץ߸ұɱĸɸɾھֻԼһˣݵص֮Уӵóȥ
ȻˣôʵһЩɣʣ²ּ죬ǰɣҶЦеʵ
ҡӼѵĿڡ
ƫڣʲô㣿ôҶЦ۾һУ׹һ˵һӳ˹ȥžһһҽУʱƤ
Ѫŷɳ
һ飬ʵһ㣬Ǻú̸̸ôҶЦеʵʵĺܺ棬Ҫ֪һЩţ
ʹû£ĵ㵽Ҫ֪֪ʲô
ž
ҶЦһӳȥ۵ü˹ȥֻҶЦϸҪ֪ʲôȻ㣡ʲôȻҷң˻ôҲǣӵ˻Ҳ棬š㲻˻ɣ
ӻ£һ̣оģĿ־壬ͷ
ž
һӡ
ʲôͷΪһ˻ôղŻ˵ôֲ˵ˣҶЦ˵Ťһ˵ͷں𣿡
ڸЦЦÿЩȻܿĵĸңԸҵʻ𣿻òٶһ鰡Ȼ̣ñӽ̣ԴǱӸһ㣡ҶЦݺݵ˵
ıټһαȻʶԷǴԼƣ£ܲͷ֪ԷŪԼҲҪɶԷŪҪϣ
Ҷӣʱ㡭ӲţŬҪȡһЩͬ顣
ϾִⱻŪ״̬ʵ̫ˣȡһ㣡
ž
һӴִּ࣬ϵһƤôıҽһ˹ȥҶЦЦѾô˵أΪڻλ߸ϵĶӣҸ㣬ڵ㣬һޣҶζȫûζȵϹ
һһҪ
Ҫģ˵ҪУã׺ǰɣҶЦһŪıӣһĲ̵ЦЦףҶû̫˵ģá
仰̺֮޾񶾣öϵʹ
Ը⡭ʻǿϵʹ࣬ͷ裬߾ȫչһġЦݣ˵
Цôѿ˭ɫأҶЦȻŭƤˢˢķ
žžž
ӵĲҽòѾһƬȵҶЦٶֵͣʱ򣬶ȫ£ȻΣҵʹ࣬֫ٺʶѾЩѣʱأһغ
һָо¾ôˣҲҪҶЦ޾ĥҪǿɣ
ɣɣԾʹҰɣ
롣
ҶЦƫƫʱͣס֡
ӻȡһ뵵Ƶ鵤
鵤ȻӵУȴǻԵġ
񵤣
ҶЦסӵ°ͣĵ񵤣ĵͽĿС
һů˳£һĸо˲ӯȫ
ƣۿɼٶȼȬ
Ȼܹô˵е񵤵ĶӴ˿̷ǵûиоκϲӾֵ۾ؿԼϵ˿ڣһϡ
Щʹĸоû
ԭ˿˰̾ȻѾˣָΪ⻪ļ
ôôأҶЦжĵͷ£һسŵˣ˵Ҫıܣôܻôɵģ׾
ҶЦɫ÷ŭȥԣٵٵٵİʮ򷼻꣡
ʮ򷼻꣡
һ˵Ӿı۾
ȻȻǼ±¶ˣ
ҶЦǰǿأݴǹģǹĥһа취һֶΣĲģõĲõģĥ޲Ļӣ
ϧϣҪڵϳĥŪʱ䣡
ֻǣȻѾôȴǾòǲ
ޣ


544 ˹ߣ
ʹ˵ɡҶЦһԼƢ£ʲô£ˣһ㡭˵ǵãҪЦ˵˵ÿЩҿûôʱģЦ˵ãֻ˵˵ĺԼ֪ģǰɣ
һžһ
ĵѣ˵˵ȫ˵
ûЦΪʲôЦѵҵĴͷʽ𣿡
ҶЦǺݺһӳ齫ȥ
һҽиճڣȴæػһЦŬԼЦݱͰУ¡
ҶЦתͷûٶȻӱޡ
һѪǹȫעļ¼Ŷ˵һС
˵ʵλǹѾԼҹӵΪΪΪŻˣ£Ȼܹ񶾵İ취ĥˣ
ұĥĶ󣬻ҪһλӣǱĻӵ£
Ӣ۶úүһҲȴ󽫾
ֻǣĥˣӢΪ
٣еɰɣ
˶񶾵ĥַ֮£ιɵã
ǹһвΪȻһٶȼļ¼ȥӵĹʡ
Ȼڼ¼һʱ֮λǹٸͻȻͣ¼¼վһѪس˳ȥƤŶͷһٿᣬþԼȫĳ
λԼ淭ѪۣٶȲˣȴǲϰ֣
ҶЦʱһ£ʱӿٶһŵԪ񵤣¶Ӿֱӵıλǹٻ
˵ɱǧ˵Ҳġֵġʮ˴˵ġ
⣡ɥĲ˵


ǹأԷţһһߴȫԼְ
ӿ˵һ׮׮Уÿһ׮˶ƤǺεȵоǺεȵԣ
ôֵܣΪΪͷ­Ѫؼ̽ףԼòˣԼӲˡҲ裡˵㻹𣿡
ǹһһߴ󣬾Ȼͷʹ
ǶֵܣΪǻʼҵĽɽѪΪɥȾѪɳʬһеĲУò׻ؼһΣԱףȴվȻʲôûˡ
ǰԡѪƴɱɥںǵӶŮã㻹ǲˣǲˣǲˣ
ǹٷޣҲһʧˡҲһʧˣ껪ô䲻ˣãҵСð
һ꣬ȲмѲսô˧䣬ؼžۣصУȴֻϸһңһȥʹǱûлʼҲҲһ䡭
ȱҵ¡Һ͸ҹܹѾֻܻϣ¸˼ŮС檣ֻҪܹžͺá
ڣղţ֪ˣ븸еϣôһôˣǹٺţгԭ䣬ȻôһƤôһɥ˵
Ҳ裡Ҳ֣Ȼǻʵ۵ĶӣȻЧ˵ĶӣҲȫʮ˴ˣ
ҶЦȻ̾
ӶȸԭٱѪģˣֻྪ壬̿״ľš
κ˶ӣ
¼ҶЦ˵磬ʳҪǵһʱѪծҪ䱾ֻھͽһˣ̫ǵܹõĻȥԶԶľôܣ
¼һκ©
ⲻϵõĳ𣬸ǹϵ¼䣬ôĺԩ꣬Ĺ֮һһʱ㣬ôŪôŪôɾôɣ
ҶЦ˵
лΪСǹͨ£ҶЦ˸ͷӣһҪӦ˵ʱñְҲܹһ
ҪΪñɱ˵
ǹѣ
ãҴˣҶЦ̾һ

ļ֮УҲڽƵѶ
һɱǶ˿Ǻ޹˼ɵʹп̷Щɫ̷ʲô񶾣ĥˣôһһã
ΪЩ̵ᵽ̷ζҶЦѪָλÿŵ񵤣һ˽͸һŵ񵤣Ȼѯʣ򣡼Ű
˵񵤵ЧЩˣ
ɥЩڽϰ˵ͷѪĵɱǶ׷׸оԼȣֱ˵ǰģĴˣ
ԭϣĶ
˷ָУ


545 ๼
һҪﻨˮξԸʣͷȻҲһΡλˮĹͷȻӲ˴ʱûз
ξ״ǲȻŭ
ϾȻӲͦ
ãӿӲʲôʱ
Զ֣һذףԽϵĺݺλүͱ߰ʮҵҪ֮
һͱһ
Ѫཱུ
µַҪôֻǡʲôµġ
ˮһֳĿ˵ţѾԼʧġ
Ȼһ̣ξЦЦιһö񵤡
Ч˹ѸٻָֻŸոոԭξٴγ˵ӣϵͱ߰ʮ

Ȼһŵ񵤣
Ȼֳ˵ӣ
ˣ֮󣬻ˮڳ׵ķˡʼ޵ģĵû뵽ϻȺˣ
̷ȫȻκμɡ
ֻŰֱַӰ˸ȻپȻȻٸȻپȻ
Ѿһ
Եǻʹ࣬Ȫȴַζʲôо
ţûܹȻˮзȨˣ
Ȩҫòûʲô壬ΪˮԼѾ׵ıˡ
ʼģ棬󣬼һǵģ
δܼҸˮģȻܲ˵˵Ρۡ߰ʮ
÷ȣ
ֻǣԾδսᣬҲ߶Ȱ˶ȾŶȣ
ΪδܼᷳϷʱòƻһξ룡
ˮڼԼ¼һһĴħͷÿÿԾΪߣʤԼ֮ˣȴû뵽ԼǰһΪԼҪǿ̫࣬񶾺ͷ̶ȣҲԼԶԶ磬Ȼˣ죬ϻиֻҪ벻ħûвڵħ
Ҹˡҷˡˡˮ桢޵Ǻš
治ݴʣʵ
һ̣ˮеǷݺڣͬƺ֮ˮϲ
Ϊɶûмɽ֣Ϊʲôǰû뿪ǰ춼жͷˣƫƫҪĴҡΪʲôҪײһ֮Ŷúڡ
׻ĶĪںҩǣûԻأ
˵˵ξĵӣϣѪɴĵ䣬ЩڵϣĶڻˮϡ
ˮϵزϵս
⡭ȫϵѪ
кܶ࣬ҵͷѪЩ׻ĶѵԼԽ
ԭѾڱԵĻˮֱӱˣ׵Ĳˡ
䣬˭ܹĿԼԽѣ˭ܻĿԼࣿ
˭ܣ
ƫƫˮܣ
ܣڶ̶̵һʱ֮ڣȺ󿴵Σ
Ҳеߴεڰ˴εھŴΣΣ
Ͳ
ǰδѲ֮ÿһ춼׬ģ
˿̵ȴµҪ
Ϊħ
ȻֱһεˣҲȻȻŰ
ûͷûβŰ
ʼվֻһӡ
̫ô˱˰ɣ
˶ˣ
νµܣҲĪڴ˰ɣ
Ƚ˵ƽǱ߾ͱȽƽöˣ˸ѶˣûеȵʩչŻơ̷ֶΣԷһһʮͲӣȫ˵ˡ
˵˵ţƽȴˡ
ԭƣҹϰ嵽Ƿʲô裬ĪķȫֱѪϴһֻ˱Ҿϵԭ򣬸ûϸԭ򣬱㼴ʶǰɱˡ
һֱڲ֪棬ȻɥĲ
Ҿ徵Ķ񶾣
ԭԼѶľһȺĹΣ
ѾйһһƽܵɱҪǳˣ
ЩˣÿһܷŹ
ԲܷŹ
ÿһ˶ҪǧУٷʬ塢壡
һֱƽߵҲߣ겻ˡ
ԭҶЦϧѴѵľۻ굤İ£ѾܹûΪʵʺ⼸Ѷ֮Уȥ
ʱʱȥֻǰһź֮УͻȻһŮε
ǣĵ𺳵ǳˡ
ӵȼˣֱƹȵһĻŷɵˣ
̫࣬İȣ
ƽ£ǹȾ
ֻǣƽȴһסˣ漴ͷˣ


546 ɱ
ƽһֱڵȴţʮ壬ᣬԼİ˶õ⼸ںҶЦľۻ굤֮󣬾ȻѾ߱˻û
ңǱġ
ŲȥߵƽͻȻ档
أԲ֪ԼãֻǷȥŻЩЩʵ̫ˣ
ƽĿţˮûг
Ψִ
˵ʱҲйʱ򡭡
˿̣ȴǳ˸м
ӣ
л㣡

ȵѶȫϣһʱôȥˡ
ɫٶȿʼ
һ˵ѾȫȫıһϸѪ⡭
ҶЦݺݵץһ˲ǴӶӸгϸкʮ󱾡ͺĵĲ֣ȴû档
ûκξء
ЩҪĿֻͨѶ
˲棬Ȼ©֮㣡ȻĿʵһˣ
ҶЦĿ
ڽѶΧ֮£Ӧû˻˵ٻ⼸˵Ѷȫ˵ģǺϣ˵ǻбα죬ˡ˵
ҶЦʾͬĵ˵ͷ
ͳһ£һΣӦɱЩˣյģж٣ݣɱ©ҶЦЩƣ̾˿
ֻҪһЩ޹ץкȺЩŮͻȻоģ
£Уδؾֻжһ
ô׻жأ
ж޹ŮȻ֮Ⱥأ
ɱøɾô
˵ܸϾɱ
ɥ飬Ҫôܹĳ׶ž
Ȼɱ꣬ȻҪɱɱһһҶЦݺݵ˵
ͳϡ
Ƕˣ
ǹԱλһλ̲һλһɡ
ȫ壬Ȯ
ǣ
֮Уްٻ¥ң𱡢֡Ժڡʦһǧʮˣ
ͳͳնɱ壡ҶЦݺݵ˵ǼʦһЩչˣһҪ̫ʹ죡оǣǵҪ壡ˣˣȻҲûºıҪ
ǣ
֮ްٻ¥һӴ硭߲иعԱнܼ֡гһǧˡƽ̾˿
ֻްٻ¥к˶Ҳ˵ֻ˵£Щɥ׼˵ȻѾô࣬ԣڸԵ֮ǰô벻һ
永Աһȷϣͳͳɱ⣡
鱦ɱ֣ٷͷжҶЦһҪЩˣһģȫܻţҪЩˣÿһҪܵп̷ֵ֮Ҫʮ˲ǣǰһµζǰ˰ɣ
ҪЩˣһȫڲݻ٣
ҶЦΪˣǰȴûߺ޹һ֯ǿҵĺ⣬һ֮Уǰδеġ
׷ɱҶЦţҶЦ֮Ҳֻǳ
м
ûôǿҵޣ
ȻǶӵʽЦ¾µɱģ
ÿһųɱ
ǣҵףЩˣȻһҲŹģƽӦ֣ӦС
ˣ鱦ɱַϱĸгһĻᣡһɱһɱһĨһҪ֤ݻ֮ϵģžԲ飬ӲκιϢ
ҶЦĿȫǷɱ
ȥİʮƷ꣬ҶЦȫˡ
об߽ʿӶŮ£ҶЦʧȥǣ
ûл᲻޹᲻̫̫
޹ѵܱЩŮ޹
̫̫ԹǼ뵽µǸ˰ɣ
ڿǲʱδʱȵȻбӦǣʲô򣬾ҪʲôԹʲô
һ̵ҶЦǳͷβˣѾˣ޸һжˣ
䣬ɷЧʱܹȵȻɷ˹Ȼ˹ôݹ
ҶЦվɱصģһֵĵ졢ء˼䣬и˵Ĺ
Ϊˣޱɱ


547 ɱʼ
Ѳ飬Ȼڳ
ҶǰǰǰҲѾʮӱؾˣһЩ飬ҲҪѲ飬ڱſڵѪǳɱĿɨ֮һԹԵظĵ
ôĵӣȻҶ󽫾ĸѲ飡
仰Ҷ˵ġ
ǻȥ֮˵ԼԭĴ㣬Լ˾ʱ˵ġ
ôûȥأҪѪû㣬汲ոˣ
˾أԲĶݺݳš
ɫ𽥵Ļ谵ޱҹĻֽٴˡ
Ƴϣ
ǵɧҶԾڼʱĴĳ򴫳˻һЩȽϵùĵжԹ֣ɱ֡ˡ
飬һ֮Уڷżʣֲˡ
ţӦ˵浽ڷʹûֹͣ
㶽Ѳ֮µˣֻѲ飬ûнѲ֮ƽղû̫˱ǣȻЩ˶֪ϷŭˣһҪʱҵҪҵĿ֦꣬ڸԼСЦɧ̶ȾǿǰС
Ȼ󣬾ɫողڵʱʱӦһ֮У̫ƽһ̣Ϊʲôڶʱ䡣
Ѿˣ߻ʼеʱǻؼҺ˯㣬òƶԶԶʱ䡣
˵ڳԷ
ˣǰЩѲһʿǣЩڱ׷ӷǣϾҲˣ˸ӵʱ
Ȼʱ򣬾ֽҰ
һһھ̻ʢްٻ¥ڶ̶̵һ֮ڣȫδ֪ʵǿѪϴ¥Ĺûбɱ֮⣬еĴ֣𱣬Ժʿ깫ͳͳɱ⣡
ΪٵοԼееʵеݳԤʱ򡭡Ҳɱˡ
Ǽʦ״ΪңҲ̶áĸ֣޷ʱӣ
νĵʦǣڼԺ棬ôһڴĹ¹ץĹЩ겻ģͻ䵽Щʦܳ
ܹһĺ˼ҹڼ֮ȫΪԺƵߣӴ˲Լ塭
ܹͬҵŮӣ֮䣬޵ɿǧ˳ǿʹǵ塭
˵ĵʦÿһ񶾵Ĺ֣
ɱ˺ǲõģǶɱĴ˵һŮ˵ϣһŮ˵ͼ֣һŮ˴Ӵʧȥ֮ģ䵽Ԩ֮С
ǵֶΣν˷ָĶ񶾣
ȻĵʦȴǸԺ˲šһԺӵĵʦҪ¡ѡ
ڣްٻ¥ʮλʦͳͳòҲ̶ã
ҾͬһʱЩʦļˣҲؾ˶֣пֻһͻȻˡúܡ
ȴû֪һˣĵʦļˣ
Ϊ˵ļˣȻǸ棬Ծȡе๼
Ψǵͬǲ֪ӶһলľԱΣ̻̲ա
ҶЦһεľ˴Ŀģ
ǰɱֻü̵ʱ䣬͸ɵ˳ǳްٻ¥йԱȫ©ްٻ¥޵Ǯƣܹ洦ʹõģָ¥Ĺǡ
ٶȽЩŮȫǲɢ
Ȼ󣬾һѳ𣬽ڸ֮һ棡
ܣŨ˲ڱ˰ǵա
𰸼һһȴͬʱͬʱᡣ
֮̿
ֱѸײڶһ㣡
Щɱֵѵس̶ȣЧ֮ߵΣֱĿš
ڸЩ֮ɱһۼû£ʹ˼һʧӰ٣
ֻһصʬ壡
صϽľǽûüԱͱϷǲԭۼϢްٻ¥Ȼ˳ͷβѪص
Ѫȳ̶ȣϡﻩĽŸոճȥķֶ˳
ⳡ棬ʵǡ̫Ѫȡȫû
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ǰͳһ˵
컯֮£ӽ¡Ǭ֮С˵һ룬Լֱ˵ȥˣĵ̲סˣŨѪζ̼֮£ϡﻩһ֮͵ڻ˵ʲôӽ£
ļһʲôǲҸɵģ˼ҿǸոսʵ۵׶ŵġ
ʵ۵ĶӶţջҼԺʲô
ʵݵʱ򡭡һӾϢ
ĳȫұš̲ĳȫұšС
λͳǰһڣʹ˹ȥ


548 ɱ
ʲô˵˵ʲôãȫˣְλͷҲѱ
֮ǰ飬űڣ˵ͻȻ
ǰһͷǿǿƹӸ¼ǰû֣ţҲ˵ͨģ۹֮ҲδǵԴΪͷȻлأ
ڼԺлӸ¼ǰȻͬӣʼֻ˽Ӫ֮¶ѣֻҪǰ߲׷̫ռ䡣
ڣֽ׮԰永ﶼǳ͢󳼣仹ԼԼΪܽ䱸ķ֮ˣԼ˻ﻹбĳ·ô
جȻԶԶûꡣ
˷أԲϵлأԲϵСϢ
ĳ˱š
ĳĳš
Ϊʲôǡأ
ĳͳ챻һһجţȻƼȫȻ£νʭӶ˲಻ְ죬ǵԴôİǰʲôµĺأ
ϧүͺڿŪĳͳһ㣬ЩѪζδɢȥʱһ춯صȻˣ
һХ
˷׷̧ͷ֮ȥ
ھߵһ¥ϣһ˺棬ٷУһѪģʬ塣
漴һǾʬֱӵ
˶׷׷һĿ֮£Ǿʬͬһʮɸ߿ˤڼʵĵϣˤķѣ֧飡
ͷµµȥʮɣ죬۾ȻšȻ˾ȻĿ
ͷˣѸٵľͱ˳
Ƕӣʧ
¥ϱˤ壬˼Ȼķѵʬ壬Ȼǻʵ۵Ķӵʬ壡
°˲ֹҪһ߿ʬԣնԴ״׳ʱ򣬶Ӿǻŵģ
˵Ǳˤģ
ϸʬӴǰһ̣⡭
ͽĵӵǴ˵ĵز
¥Ȼơ
Ĳʿ
һߣѸǰʹ
סӵͷУƺʲôۼ⣬˶ķ֣ʶľһ
ӿеĶȻһֽ
ƺ滹дʲô
¥ϣһտɫĹ⻪ֱʲʮɵĸ߶ȣһֹɥĲ񣬶в壬ӦãһɱͬǣȫҾʬǲȫŰ
ãһѤõɫ⻪ڿһҵأԻڿлصӰѾһγ
ȻҪݶˣ
Ȼڴ˿̣ɫӰһգͽ
Ȼʹ֮е۷Ԫֳˣ
߿УһЦ֮࣬˿ҽšѾϸ߿յӰת£ųӭ
ҹ

ڸ߿ƾʹ˺Ȼһ
߿еֻ֣һֻӭһҹԪ֣
Ȼһ֮˼ĴЦһȻɫ⻪˸ɫĹʣޱѤõĹ磬ڸ߿һţټ
оֻأڻص޲
֮飬Ҳ⻪ôèĹ򣬾ȻҲҪң治
ֹУǿʤܣʤУ˿ü٣
ҹԪ֣һƻƴ֮࣬Ŀ֮£߷һӸ߿׹䣬Ȼʧȥ˲ٿԼڰУһͷۡһѪ
ǵмӰ𣬽ס˼׹Σ䵽ϣ˱Ȼˤ⣡
ڳ˾һƬž
ÿһ˶ʶ±ԣ
Ԫ֣
Ԫ۷ʦ֣
ĸ֣½޵еģһĴڣ
Ȼɱӵ֣Ȼֻڴ˵֮еռǿߣ

ʵ۱µĳݣڵˣ
ڵõѶðͷϢѶϵһ󳼶ھȰο˵ʵۣԷʵδǲҪΪˡ˵Լӣӱ˵ˤʬķѲƲĻʵ۱ѾһУ
ݵˡ
ʵ۱һ˳
ۿŵϵһģѪ⣬⻹˾ܵĽʬƴһҪԭһµģȴûгɹ
ֵǸ˲֪ǳʲôӵʬԭѾƲٱô߿յ䣬׵ġˤˣҲԴܿĿĲ֡Ѿʲôûˣ


549 
ȵĻʵ۱Ŀʪˣſţͦε壬֪ؾһ
ԼĶӡ
ȻȻǹԼȻҰģȻԼλáʼҵĶӣ
ڣȻ֮еһ⣬Ҳ̶ãԿ
ʧٵʱ䣬ԼΣţֻҪžͺá
ڣڲпʵ֮ǰѾʲô붼ûˡ
ˣ
ʵʵ
ڻʵ۱̫ӵ¡
̫Ŀ⾪ȫεѪ⣬ѾʲôѪ⡣
ǾԼĵܵܡ
ԼĪвȨ֣
񣬾Լǰһ˭ϲ⣡
ʶʵ۱һǰȥܵܡӻؼ
˵꣬ʵ۱¾ǰȥֻǽŲٲƽлֻٲǡ
Ҫʵ۱±ŭ֮Ŀɭ罣˵ʱ˸ٳ衣
ӻؼ
̫ӵºһ£ҪŻ³
ԼĸѾ߹ȥҲֻø˳ȥһҲûѾѣ֧֡
ڹۣܲȥ
δ֮ʱԼλ֡
˵֮ˣֻĪԼɣ
̫֪˶ڿԼ˶ڻԼ
УԼĸʣ
ղδػһ仰
治ɱİ
̫ӵ¾úԩ
ġҸɵİ
϶ǰΪУˣҪңҲ㡭ţУЩ˶ܲݡ
ʵ۱µĽŲȻǣȴǺȡ
һһǰܣʿѾһƬȫϣˮйͨ
ʵ۱¸ûע⵽ΧʲôֻһǰȥԼĶӡ
ȻڿˣԼӵԴ˫Ŀ۾أԴŵ͡ǿѾԭӦôŵλõԴĿУȻбĶ
ǣƺһڣ
ʵ۱Ŀ
ҡҡͷܾĴͣǰ˼ôȥԼĶӵͷ­˻ֻǴȰڶƤĨֻأԳ̿־۾ϡ
󿴣ŴӶӿУǾڳ˳
˵ﻰʵ۱ԭҪǡֱӽ˺ɷ飬Ҳ
Ҳ֪أʹĽ֮ˡ
һ򿪣һ۾Ҳûƿ
ߵ̫ӵ£ͬ˾ڵݣ۾һӾֱˣ
ҳѪдһ֡
֮򣺰˰ʮԺ򷼻꣡УԶأɱԹ֮壡
⼸д÷⽣ţɱȻ
ʵ۱۾һС
ҳ˹ȥһһ俴Ȼֻǿڶҳһ룬ͻȻһһǵͨ죬һɣӵԴۡһڵϣ
ǿͷţһ̹ȥԶ
ʵ۱´˿Ѿ˲Щ
Ŀֱⷢɫ԰ף˿Ѫɫ
̫ӺĴ𣬴չͷȥһ֮ǰҳѪ޳ɣǴͣȻԶȻϡɱ棬ڶҳݾͱȽˣÿܿ塣
ֻһодš
ްٻ¥֣ӡ
ʮ꾭Ӫʵ۹ٴؼԺ½ϼư˰ʮԺÿʮŮӣʮһʮ򻨼Ůӱкشɱ֮ţ°һ
ٺģһʱʵĶ֤
ÿһ֤ĺ棬жӵױǩѺ
һڻʵ۱˵ЩϤ
һ飬֤ȷ䣬޿ɱ粵
ʵ۱µڲ¶
һ
ķߺ

ʣ̫ӵ¾ŵķסҡҡ׹Ļʵ۱¡
عʵ۱µǣѾ߳Ѫ
۾ƣģ˵ع
ʣ̫ӾֵĽһ
ʲô
ѵ϶ھϵ֤ݣĻ
˵عʵ۱ͻȻҧ˵һ
ߵļ⣬أ΢Ķ֣ץһڡ¶
˵ģȻſڴƻƣ֤֯ƾоݣ֤ȷ䣡
ʵ۱ȻڵȫţȴѾ߷֡
ǽ֣ҲǰӸһڶѾˣҪôУʵڲԸʹ۶Ƿǣ
ھУӵֻҪһѾ๼οô࣡
˵ģţ壬֣
ȻǴʵһ񼫣֮ߣڡڣоȻˣ񽫻οңԼʵۣ˳˴ʱƲģоޱ併٣ȶ֮ֱӾǶҡˣ


550 

Աһͷˮ˭Ҳ֪ʵ۱µ׿ʲôôôĻͷβأڹϣû˸ҴùͷֻܸŻȥ
רŸӵʬ壬еĲ֫ϱۣѪ⺡ǣȫһһʰƴգҪƴճʬ塭
ֻǣȻһעɵ
ôѾ̫ˣôȫʬأ

ʹУ
飡
ʵ۱һƺݺݵϣ
˻ʵꡢİ˲䱻ĵ֧飡
ʵ۱ɫ࣬һ˫۾ֱӵɳͭ塣
ѾǷݾȫˣ
ԽѪԽϳ壬һʱ򣬱Ȼŭɶ
ˣǼţȫھȫ꣡
ʼŭӯţһȴǽǻŭ𾡶йǰ֮ϣͻĶŵԱӿĻ͵زһ£̴΢ţ״̧ͷһʱ䣬ȴ֪ο˵
Ƕӵĸ
ǰʵѾοãڣȴҲûһֻۣĿһ£漴һƣȵ¼һݣ飡
ǡһ̫༱æͷȡھȥ
Ȼ޹Ϣʵ۱±۾˵µҲˣ۶ϡ
£ʶôңҵġҪޡ

ʵ۱һŭͻȻŭվǰжȫµأˤ÷飬Улʵ۱Ӱһ⣡
͵Ŵ죬ŵû£һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
̫๬ŮĲ£ˡ
ʵ۱鷿֮У£Ŀ
ʵʵ۱´˼ݾڣͲò飬һģ
ԲЦ
˭û¸ɵȵزôֱݺһλӣһҪλֱţڻȨϵĺ½ֱǻ
ߣֻһЦ

һҹ֮䡣
ɱ
Ѫ˰ǳǣ
ǳⷽԲ֮ڵްٻ¥ֺţ⣬Ϥ깫ֵһ˵ȡȫڷ
ڣһЩ
ȻЩ¥ʬأѪɺӣĿѪ֮⣬һжúúõģû񾩳֮еȫ֮һ棡
ЩӦڵ£ֱٵ˽ϣڿһ˵¥ϣذڷš
˽ϸˣްٻ¥һǿǿαΪ潣νһŮȫ飬ΪһˣΡ
õǮƣ¥ʮ֮һΪճãµľ󲿷֣ȴ˳ȥηÿһʿӶǼصװס
ЩǮȥ֮󣬱ᱻѸٽգȻЩǮˣҲѾɱǵ˲ȴҲװ׵İ
ǽ֮
ˣʮֵת֮Ĺ鴦ǡӵĸۡ
ǮתƣȻ۷òϣ޷졣ǾֻһڣǲдĻڣʮа˾ŸͲ鲻ЩǮվȻ
ֻнЩȫĶ֮ΨдԴͷ飬һУˮʯ
һҹˣĿ֮
¶ȴҲʵ۹Ȼ󲨡
ɱ¾˳ԶԶûսᣬֻһʼӵ۶ǳǿʼȫءнްٻ¥ֺŵĵط˹ȥ
طްٻ¥ϸȻЩϢͨһõϢˣҲһһţ
Ƿ磬ɨƬ֣
ûκһܹ©
ֻ©ӡˮȴBOSSˣЩСɫֺ⣡
ȻʼٸһҲǽ˰һ̬ȣȻЩ飬Ѿ֪ͨ˹ٷѾûʼ֪ˣǡǲǣ
񾡣
ԾɻԶ֣
ЩЩޣͽ
ǹõȷѶ춨֪Ҫ϶ʱ䣬֪Ҫ߶̣ǵȲ
һٶ򷼻꣬ҲȲ
֮µյĹӵȲ
ԣֱӸˣ

ǵϡ
ʵ۱»սޡԲסڣԲס³񣡶Բס
޾֮ӣɥɥĲ񡭡ʵ۱𣺡ʵΪʲңϻ岻ңǳĴңȻٴ಻Ե֮һ
Ⱥѻȸ˾ͷվţһ
ǷʱѾǰȰο
ʲô±塭ʲôҲ֮ǱɱΡ
ʲôʲôģҳһɣοʵ۱£ΪӿС
ڣȴĿĵУ˶һĻҲ˵ˡ


551 ľô죿
ôοѣ
׿˵ʱοʵۣΪӿѣֱĪĲǣ
ЩΪԼʲôǣǣǣԼԼҲڣ
ʵ۱ھ򵥵˼֮󣬾;Ҫ࣡
ңҲɴ೷߲
һסǻӣϹȥˡ

֮ǰɱ¾ǰصɱ֣Ѿɱ˴ʵ۹
ЩٹأѸ٣ȥۻҪһһҹ·̣Щ͵ˡ
˾Ϳʼɱ
Ҫظ
ͬһ쿪ʼҹ֮УɱɱͷѾʮˣУйԱлףй壬Ҳƽ񣬸ްٻ¥ˣƽǹٷġ
ɱ¾ƣȴһĻʵ۱ʲô˵ץƾʲôȥץ˼ңʲôʸȥץ˼ң
ԼĶµô˷ָɥĲôץأ
ʱգô
һֱ֪飬㾹ȻҪץ˼ң
ѵ˵Ƥôĺô
ټϣʱٷ˴Ѽ鱨ܣȫʮްٻ¥ͳһ𡭡
ʵ۱йԱͳһлϣȻȫԱһһҹʱ䣬ŽеЩȫϡ
ڣںݣͷ
Ϊıǻʵ۱µ׶ӣ˴˿ֻѾƿڴٷʮ˴
ʲôĳĹ
䣬պ˲㻹ûءʵ۱µ
£ĿӲްٻ¥ʮ֮Уڳʵ۹濪Ժʮңʮ۹ʮһ۹Ŵϼƣһʮ˴
ʮֻмصġкŮĿһٶʮˣ˵ͻȻüңһٶʮ򡭡Ůһٶʮٰ
ͷɫľڽǵôһ
ݺᣡ
ʵ۱ѹر۾߲ѡ
Щֻϵ֣Щ͸ٹ˵ġڷ⣬ӳλ󳼵һһӹ֪ж١
λ󳼷׷̾꣬ΨˣĿȴЩζ
ȻûǱΪ飬ȴܹ͵ˣֱڡڼ
ȻĿͣϣһ˲˲λˣλΪΣ
ĵѣæĳ£סͷ£¡
ʵ۱ĿˣԼ佱׿Ĵ󳼣ȻԳôԸϳȥٴ
ң壡
ʵ۱һ仰ڣ󳼼ʱͬһ̯һȥ
͢ƻǰɷ˵ץסˣһ㽫ϳ˴أԲģһֱϵ˴ſڣڳ׵ľ
һͻȻ壡һ壡ʻʵ۱£ǲȡһŮӣ޿ôԴ۶ϣҪҵٴҾ壬ôԼĶָδأ
νӷͬԶӵΪǷӵµľأǷþʮ˴ķĹأԼĶɥ˹ѵ׵ģûһôǽдȫɱˣѵܷϣبѼ³ţǳԻҵֱ𣿡
壡˵ǶϷ֪أȥȪ֮ºţҿʵ۱Լľ壬αģܷ˿ڷķ
˴˼֪ɣ޽ң֮ǰǵ졢޼ɵ
Ȼǽ˵Ĳ˵ģ˵Ĳ˵һȫ˵˳
Ȼ˵ΪԣĪ˵ӷֻ֪鲻㲻ϣȡͳŮǹٳϵһֹѣң֮Ҳǳ谮мӣŰӲ֪ŮӴӺζ
죬ʵͷϣһйͷŭԣ಻⼸䣬һصٺ»ôҲһӾٴĸ߶ȣ
ϣһƬǰļž֮С
ʵ۱ϼһĳ鴤
ɫѹ֣ƣŭھΣ𡭡
֮ǰķŭĶ߻죻һ룬
˵е
ѵûе
ǡޣô
ʵ۱ζ׳ʣһ㡣ڳ̾˿չְٰ꣬񣬰֮ԹۺЧ
һƬأϾ޵Ķӷ޹ǨŭڱˣΪ


552 ȫ
ոձϳȥҪٴˣֱ˻µĴ֮˾ϲЩԼĶ䡣
⻹ôʵ۱µһνѾ´ʥּ׿˻ȥ
˻ȥƴŮӡʵ۱³λ˵Ĳ£ޡѴ̣ȰˣޡȻ£һＺگ⸳˰꣬ɢͥһֲܹġ󽻴
ٹӯͬʱ򵹣Ӣ
µȻ˵ô޷ֲʧȥ˵ʹ࣬Ҳ޷ֲЩŮӵףǡʵ۱±Ͼʶ˴
̬ȣѾ㹻ˡ
ΪȻҲûбİ취
飬˵ʵ۱³
ްٻ¥ôЩŮեȡĲƸϼơʮڣ
ͷֵʱӶڲĿǰǮȫ֪ȥ򡭡
ȺĿ࣡
ҵģȻôǮ
һŮϣեôǮôЩŮӾʲôҲǿ֪
£Ӧ£Ӧأҳκ˾ǣ
ʵ۱ĵ
£ҳʵ۹̫濪Ī裡һ裡ף޵ĶӡޣףѴ̣

ʹӴʯڴּӼ𣬳ʵ۹ÿһλÿһλӣŮԴʶ֮ʼҪѧģҪμǵģʯݣÿ£ͨһ豮ٷߣٴϢ
ֹɥĲ޿ˡּȥݣȥΪǧŵһˣʬûҰ
ʵ۱һϯδգأԼɫͻֳ죬ȻѾŭ˼㡣
ͻȻ͵شϢһۡһһѪ˳
ۣ
֮ǰһƬ죡
£
Ⱥһ󾪺
û£ʵ۱´Ϣţ̧ͷƣֻǱˣ³Ѫо࡭
޵ǻԸʵ۹ĺƽհҵƽϲ֣˹̩񰲷һ˼󣬲⡭⾹Ϊδ䣬Ϳ̿񹲷ߣ񼫣޿ɿ⣬Ϊ˾Ϊ˸вж֮Σͬ񼫣ͬ޿⣬ڴˣＺگѳʺɽΪأ֮ΪᣬϺﲻ޽֮ԣ֮ʹ򲻿һջ
֮
⣬һﲻ֪ɱֵɱ¾ΪΪеΪǣΪɿ࡭ʵ۱³̾˿ʼֻްٻ¥һ永Ŀ֡ޣعã׼Ϊѣ֮е
ּ⣬˵ǰһＺگ֮Уܹ⣬һڡ⡱ΡݡֵּǵǴϣǰ޹˺ߵ֡
֪Լɱ¾ǰǰѾɱʮˣһܼܿɱȥʵ۵ȴһʥּɱ
⡭Ǹʲô˵
ûվԣһǷˣվĶ棬֮ǰͬһǰɱְҵɶӵ൳أҲǹһǱɣ
񲿵ļһ࣬µʥּǸⶨȻô˵ˣʥּȴǲܾôⶨô°գ
һҪһ˵Ҳܾôԭԭζķȥ
һްٻ¥Ķ԰ٹͳһж¶ϴشãһ鵽ףޣԲκ©֮㣡
Լ𣬳ʵ۹ڣ¥ʵ۱ɫ˵ͻȻס졣
ȺԷ׷׾ŵ̧ͷ
עŸ߸ϵĻʵ۱¡
²Ҫ¥ȡ˰ɣ
ΪԼĶӿһμԺ飬ʹҪµļԺȫһ򾡰ɣ
ҪһҲĻҵġ
¥ԺȻǽ壬ײţڵ˼£ȴǲȱٵֳпǣȨ棬ȫˣ˶ı򡭡ȫǹ
ġЩƻָɣʵȴ·ߵŮӣ
սҶŮ࣬һıʣҲѾﲻˡŮơ
¥ϲ鴦һбΪ潡˿ߡʵ۱ȻҲ뵽࣬һ£һ֣ٴȫҳն壡
⣬Ӵ˲ʵ۹֮ڵκεطеʦеڣ¥ݵĵʦͳͳ֮Уץɱ⣡̲飬£㸺һ©֮㣬ôȫҵȥ
ʵ۱һʥּɱڣڣ


553 
ֵ֣ǰּ©֮㣬Ҳټ£
⻰͵˾״ʥּּ᳹׵뷨Զ׼
ʵ۱΢΢ףĿ֮â䣻ȻѾ¶˾ģһ죬¼е¥ԺȫҪԼսᣬһɨ⣡
죬ǵһֻǵһѣ
׻˵мŮͻοͣοͣͻмŮֻҪܹеһ׽ֹˣôһҲͻں̵ܶʱ֮ʧ
˼вһ룬ҵ
Ҫô㳹׶žôҪһǰͳһ
򣬳ʵ۹㳹û¥Ժĵ۹ֳǳʵĹȣͲϸˣϸͣöֽͲ꣬ᾫ񣬶ɣ
Ҳ˵ʹһƬ𶯣ŭ
ͷ˵ҶЦߣ鱦˼ʻѾȥ¥գеɱ֣ȫǲȥһ룬ֱҹ̸ϸ۹۹
Ǳߵްٻ¥չɱ
ȻҲڵȴһ
˵ʵڿĳֳǸţ䳽ʵ۹ݣȻܹڵ۹֮ļԺֲأȻصĻϰݴڣܿɹ
ǽݻģΪ棬ǲȡλϾ¥ԺϢͨĳ֮һҲܹ̽˽ػܵĳ֮һûУôõĻԴȻֻƵĹͱƽ˷ˣν䲻ǣ
Ȼˣˣްٻ¥һĻϰ廨ˮҲǿ϶ͬģΪĿֻڴӣǮƶΣʲô̽鱨̽ѯ˽ʲôģȫû壡
һУֻ˵Ǳĵ£˶죬˻ǹ⣡
ҶЦһٿɱѪ˹ޱɱ¾
ȻһͷǷɢࡣ෬ɱ¾֮УҲǲμ˺üս
⼸սϵСѾͷԼҪ󣬶ңҶЦķ֣һսЩȻǶԷ棬֣ҲѺСѾͷ⣬Ǻ˿Ҳ顣
ּɴ䣬ָĺ
⼸ɱΪֳͻƵͷٲȻӵԪƷٶۼͻԪƷˡ
ҶЦǾȣơ
СѾͷΪȣòƿҪҿˣСѾͷָʲôô
ϰǱ߱׼ƳΪͻȻ裬Ƴ죡
ַǿսǰƼĽɱͰͲסˡ
̶̵ļޱߺޱʥȻǰΣ֪õ϶֮󣬲Ųĵȥ
Ҿڵ죬鱦ͣҲʽƳˣ
㹻𺳴½ϢһӴȥ˲ʱΪ֮𶯣
ڱ鲼½ްٻ¥⵽ɱ֮
鱦ĸʾѸٴ¡
ֱӾǧڵ͵˳
֣Ŀ֤˶һѣ
ûܹ⣡
νǮʹĥʱֻҪֵǮƣĪ˵ùĥĥͷҲ棡
ֵǮܵģ鱦󷢳֮ǰʲôǲܵأ
ˣ
ʾ־ǣǧڰѪѪ

۹ĻΪʼһֱе۹Ǯͷǰ壡
ȫͷϼΪǧ˰ˣ
֣ͷ㣬Ȼ٣۹Ӵ˿ڻԼȶǸһͶԣĵĲ࣡
Щĺ棬һȷ֡
ЩУͶ͵ģߣڣ
鱦Ǵķˡ˶ô˵
˶֪˵˿Ƥ鱦ȴԲƤ۾Ắ½׸ǧĳϹԲΪǮԻ鱦ǧƣҵ
Ǻ˲ˣ
֪֪ɱ֣ŷ
ɱ֡ѹõĶɱ֣ͬĶ
һƱֱӿһˣ
⣬ֿУޣ鱦û޶ɱֵĵȼֻҪȷϵˣǮãϵˣȻܲɱҲвپֻǴֵѰ壬ɱǣòĲѣıˣײ񣬼Ҳ׼񰡣
Ǯȥ
ŶǴֱʡôĿֻ꣬Ҫɱһ뱲ӾͿ԰ĹˣٵͷѪˡ


554 ̫ƽ֮
˵Ҳǣ׬㡭
ɱǶ٣вĿ꣬ȥ׵úܣǿ׵úܰ
Щҵģ˭Ҹƴ
ƨҵģΪҸߣЩСɫȥұĿ
ҲȥҲȥֿޣʲôΪߵͣɱɱ
ҸտԲ۰ôɽһԴϣЩš
İɣ˼鱦ôôΪСǮƭ˵ģ
ҵš
ǾǣֻǷŪ񵤵ı£Ȼ˿ɢȫңֻҪ˼׬Ǯ֮Ҳ׬ȥˣ׬ǮǸ¡
ĽֻҪɼҾͱĽˣ
⻰˵Ĳûд°׬ôǻءҾʹͷֵڵļһˣҲˣ̰İɡ
С⻹̰İ
⼸һͷû˲ҪΪֵõ㣿Ϊ˭䣬ƽ죿
ߡ
ޱߺɱ֡
鱦ĸʾ֮ǰѾ˾ǣͨ۹ĵ·ϣÿһվѾΪɫĿ
İţȻǵȵϢһޱߺɱ־ͻֱҹ̣ϢϢٶɱȥڵһʱ
ڽӵͨһ˲䣬ޱʥֳϸԷ˻۾ȥϣһ߷ɱһ߹ӣȻвϵط
ͳӥ飬֪ͨ۹ڵޱߺɱֵ֣Ŀ꣬ھͿʼ
̵ʱڣĶɱ
ĻԶ٣ͲУ
ҵ˾ǰɽڷ֣һȥ۹һȥ۹
ץʱ䣡
ǧڣһҶʵܣǡǧڣ൱գǧڣ㹻̫̫ˡޱʥ˵
ɱ֣ڷɳĿϣļƻȫⶨˣУûгκεļ١ǰɽڵʱһХֵ
һʮһһһȥ
תۼʧҳ֮С
ǧڣǧڵͷͣ
˶ǡبֻһεľ޶ͣɱ֣Ϥж
ԭΪĳǳǾȻһ֮ڣֱӿʮ֮һķݣɱǰֺĿ񱼳ǳǣŸĿɱȥ
һڵĳǳʵ̫Σˣÿ춼սÿ춼ɱˣÿһ̶Ѳ顣˵ʲôʱѲ鵽˱¶ݣͻĴģΧˡ
ʵ̫ЩϦĸоˡ
ҲݰεͿǹϵֵǮ鱦ķѾ϶ɱˣҪôֲ붼Ҫѵͬ˼һˣûжǸ͵Цġ
ǸңǣػصķãҲǺܲٵİҪ취׬Ǯֲհ񣬾Ȼ
ʵүķƵĻᡣ
ûɱ鱦ķѵһûɱ۹Щ󸹱ͷʵķϲĹô
ֵǮǼҲɱˣѵı˻һɱô
鱦οͣɲͬڸԷͣ˼ҷһǮһʵ죬ȴ൱ı죬鱦ЩжԵ۹壬˭зʵôѡеӵˣ͸뵽
ǵ͵ĵĲƸǲãϽãֱǶԲԼİ
ɱڵõȷеϢ֮ȫڵһʱ뿪˳ǳǣǳˡΪ԰ȫûй˼ɣûɱ֣ƽ͵ڣ
Ҳһʷڽһʱ֮ڣǳǣһɱֶûУ
ȻȻҲɹɱĿ꣬ǳ鱦͵ɱ֣ϰмڴˣɴųȥֻҪĿɣ½κһ鱦ֺţԶԻͣҪǳ鱦ܲϢһʱյɱֵ黶ӭ׷Ͼ鱦ͳ̫ˣ̫ҲʹŸķգ鱦һƾմɱȡҪСĵķգ񲻴ģЩǺ󻰣
֮ܶһ仰ĳǳǣνǿǰİ顣
ǰսһˣȻްٻ¥ɱһˣʮƵɱֿ񱼳ǡ
һֱֵĳǳЩɱ֮󣬾Ȼγһʱĳ桭
ǰǰ٣֮
ǳȻǳʵ۹ȫһҲŲǧˣ
ĿǰٵЩˣ˵ԾһȺǧҹ߰ٻ
ڣڽһʱǳǵΰ״Էشﵽ·ʰҹջľ̫ƽ״̬


555 
ҶЦҲʱǱξץסݺʣ
ΪΪɶô࣡
Ϊˣɶɶ
ôɱ֣㲻Ϊȥ˰ɣ
⵽ô£
˵˵˵
ԹܼʣҶЦͷö
֮ǰһʱߣԼ¶˲٣ξľŲӵʣҶЦһǱ졣
֮ǰǸɶɶɶɶ
ǲΪɶô
Ҳǡɶ
ξֱˣɶɶɶ
һҶЦ֮Ҳ亹֮زز
Сӵţһ䵽ξס

죬Ҷٺ˼찲ʱ⣬ÿ̸̸飬˵˵С֣Сȿȡ
⼸֮Ȼ׼Ÿӣͬʱ׼һε
˵ˣҪһθȥǮûһ룡
֮ĳɽǧڣ
仰ۼˮϰͬǴ˼Ѫ
ң˵ˣ´֮ˣ
õϢϰνӯ
εˣ
ʵǸھѾˡһҪǵ񵤼ġ
һνľռֲҩģϴϻõĵرа׹ӷṩĸʽҩģ蹫ӸľžҩЩNҩҩȫϯһ֮󣬴ϣȻﵤ񵤣ν廨ţʲôУֻ벻ģûҲŵġ
Уѵ񵤵ĹȻУҲС
ֵֻҵĵڣϰ廹Ҫʱӡǵһ´ʱ˼Ҷ֣ף˭鱦ϰȥˣ
˵ϰ壿
ôܣ
Ǳô

Ȼﲻ鷳һЩһЩܱͱĺá
˹鱦ҵ֮⣬ʱҶЦܹͬעǰߵĶ
ò˵һ꣬һ½սǳ˺üη˼ӰսƵ顣
֮˵Ƿ˼
ȴΪЩʣǷǹ
Ϊ⣡
ȻЩ¹ʹﵽ⣬ʼǣ˼ά֪Щֻ⣬ΪĻ̫ˣ
һ¼ıΪ죬ݱĿսϽսֳһ᧿ΣͻȻ͵һɽ˶ԷĽ֮·Ȼʤȯյ۹Ƥˡ
ڵڶεıʣԱȽ˽ˣۿսʻ泽ʵľѾʼڽڰˣϻһꡭ
ͬ˱ƵĿۡ
һҪ˵ʵ۹滹жԶⳡĵģǾҶҶ˧
Ϊⳡ꣬ľĲƲɥʧ˳׽ԭǵĴûᡣ
ĵΣͬɡ
Ͻս֣նѾҹֱΣĶսߣԷͳ˧սǧɽҲ֪նĸϵˣôԼҪԵսѴˡ
۾ֻУҪնĴϵ֮ǰ׻ʵ۹սߵؾ
նϹˣҲҪ췦
սǧɽҹĹ򣬷һĲϧȥϧ۵Ľ
ʵ۹սȻ֪Ҫ֧Ԯһսǧɽ˹ķƣȴɱ졭ۿžҪȫܵĵڡ

һս
ⳡĹģȻ½Χģ
һֱ꣬ӽսǧɽӪկ󺣣ӱȷ־NɽͷѳʮСһ㡣
ô
ͨʿֻҪһСģŻһ¶ᱻĿܣҪ˵Խˮȥɱ˹ǡ
սǧɽǰѪЩһ
ҪҪɺϣ
һۿҪɹˣү³ҲͰˡڶӡ
ѵڱӻʵ۹
šʲôһսǧɽɫȻ
ŪˣֻҲĪڴˣ
϶ֻնİսȻҹ̣ۿȻƽ˶ߴս֮֮⣬ȴ٣ǿϹȥμս֧Ԯ֮ǶҲֻۿųʵ۹Ķս߱Լķˣ
Ȼһ꣬ȴǽһеľ¼ƻϤӰ
ȵˮȥԼȻǿԼӾֱǱ߿϶Ҳţ⼸ôƣۣҲϢˣ浽ʱԼĶ־Ͳǰľӣ֮Ļս
ǿȫһָ


556 ծţ
Уս֣ͬǱ赲ˡ
Ȼս֣Ҳͬ
ֻսȴǽȻ෴ģ
ۿµʱҶҶ˧ĿʣһЦ
һֱߵĸλҲһ޿κΣʩһξšԭǵĴûᣬôˮˡ
λҶ˧꣬ûҶ˧һ໰һ죬ױͼλñȽϽĽһ仰Ҷ󽫾˳
ڵģ
λԭƵҵ飬ͻȻΪֻ̿סҪЦһ
ϾܹҶ仰ɼƳ̶Ѿʲôز
Ȼˣ϶û˸ЦΣ
ʱ򴥴˧ùͷǲǱߵô

⼸ʱƶ֮鱦һΣĿĲҷֻæڼϷСȻڡڶ죬֮ˣǲڡ
죬аүԳ
ηڵġ
ӶʱһüǴ˵еƷ⣡ʵ֤ѾͷƷУڱǰԵĲ
ƶ֮֮㣺
Ʒɶϵ
ʱԷǡɲڣʱǡˡ
˶Ѱɣ
Ҳ˵־Ĵꣿ
ǹӵѣƽôദģ
˵٣զˣҶЦڿа״ʱ򣬺ĵһ
ֻλٴ˼ʣףۿڵģԵı׼èۣ·һȳһյģ첲ƺҲЩþĿ
˵ӣǱʲô˺ܷһ٣
˵ġ
ֻ˵ʵҶЦľŵˡ
а˵ʵϲϸ紦죬ǸˣеԵľͶǹؼ
½ؽϣ˭ܹаǴһ˵ĻôǺ׵ľܽ½ȫĨƽ
оǣаУ½ôһûأ
ҲûеҲûкХҲûѣʯãⲻ̫ɣ
ҶЦʻаһᡣ
ղŵĵʧӰ١
ֻͽ̾һκΣȻҲ֪ʵ⵽ɣȴôҲû뵽Լᱻɵôĵڻж磬ңϵϺڣһֱȥ죬Ҳһ
һɣ϶ô״ģ
һѾа̾Ϣ
˭ɵģҶЦһ棺ƬؽϾȻţڣô֪
аһߣϹˣͲǱá
ҶЦŶһһĻȻ򣺡Լģѹˣ㻹ȺãûУһ񣬱߽ģ
һߵʱŶЦò˵λʵ̫ˡа÷ĵʲôزܽԼ
Ű+Ű
Ҹ˵ʵɣʵǱġаܾ˵ʵ
˵ΪаΪǱᣬвġ
Ǳ
ǰոλǰ컨׹ҸͲףÿ춼ܿ˵ֿף׶ҶС˼㲻ϡ
Ȼžͱˣ⸱
⻰Ҫô˵
òܺõķȻǰĴݣֻһ⣬ͷûϵ˶Ҳƣҿ£ƽѰΪ档
˵ţ̾һţǲܸɿ°֪ͷ飬ڿ˭˵ۣⲻͱˣ
аһͷߣſڽĿɿڴĵҶЦһʱ侹֪˵ɶˡ
ôƾʲô˵Ϊɻ£
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ΪѣƴΪѰæŪеġ
˵ˣʶһྵô
Ҳ̫̭ˣ
Ϊ֮ס蹫һӺߵĽ͡
ţ켦֮ף˽˽⣬ԭϵļҲǻףĳֿһζ硭ҶЦһ⡣
аͷȥɴ಻˵ˡ
һߵֱЦڿں«
λ˵ʱ̬ȣǹġ
ܹаԱƿԣǺĻĿĿİ
ֻ֡˽£ǻǲҪٶˣĲҪаһ¾񣬾ٸѣ˵ʵǰҪѯһ£ǡ񵤵ƣ֪ǷѾ˽أ


557 θڣ
仰˵衢Ŀƣ۽ҶЦϣ·ĳ˵ϳ˻һ㡣
ʵ̫ؼˡ
ҶЦû˵̾һһȻĿ
ôˣжʱһ
ô̾ˣѵǲ˳ܲ˳ô
ȡҶЦľᣬﻹݡ
ȥôˣаŵʡ
Բ۰ǧ˵һȶûаָ֮ǰͬˣʱֱӸˣͰʱ䣬֮ǰȻ֪ʱ伱ȣϾлأڿÿһ춼ˣǱ߿ǵʮŶ񵤣ƽûϾˡ
Ƕ̫ˡҶЦ̾Ϣһұʦ컯֮׵伮֮鵤֮ƣУҩľɶɶɶ
㣬ˣ˵аĿɿڴһͷߡ
Ϊ˰ʱĳƪ֮û˵֮¡
Ψһľһ£ƶ񵤣̫ˣ
ңλأԿĭ׷ɣ˼Ȼ̸˼Ũ˿ûҪס뷨
ⵤаСĴϡ
ôôûأ֪ǲͼįĴôϾ˵ˣ԰꣡ҶЦĵһۣȻԼ̸Ժǲ
а
ȻǿסиޣҲ˵ֲǲͼį˵Ӧòã
ѾұǲǣŵģѵԺ󡭡ţôģһǲôһǽΨһܹƵ񵤵ĵңԺû׼ʲôʱ͵ͷϡҲ˵һ̣ٲ
׹֮ǰһǧҩģʵȷʵףõΪ˳֣Ǻöҷ飬ٴ֮ҳҩԹϵٴ֮󣬸ȫ˱˴ҩԳͻٴ֮Ѿ൱ҩںϡ
ҶЦ˵
аɫףɫĵĲÿ˭ܿ
ȥһôһ򣬾Űٷݾûˣ
ȫ
һһǧݰҲ˷ѣٻӻһ㣿
Ϥȷҩ֮֮Ȼǿʼˣ⣬һ¯ˣڶ¯ҲˣҶЦϲһһ·ȥ
аͷʹѣֻ˵ɶʱ˾С
ҶЦһ˵ǷѾҪǰ׹⣬ô˵л˵Ĳ̫ˣ֪֪֮ѣ֪֪ҪһϤҩԣϤϤϤɶɶ
ҴˣҴˣ֪ҴвĴˣ֪ˡа棬߸ߵľ˫֣͵͵ĵͷ
ôľͲӦʰһʲҪֱӽѾ˵ĻϻӸ㵽˷ĵĵز
һָűһΡ
Ͽ˵ϿΣҪǰ׳Ǽһӱȣʲôˣʲô˵Ĳ̫ˣֱ˵Ӳ׳ǻ쵰ô
ô˭˭ˣ
ô˰׳ֵܣȻΪôһλأ
үٸһף˰ɣ
һǧݵҩġ󡭡ҲЩͰͣ˵һ仰ô˵ڡ
ҶЦʹ̾һȻкϢĻ΢΢ˣ
оһ
ȻȫٵˣһҲû
Ҳ֮У˵еĶ񵤣ôģ
ҪبԽΨһһ֮⣬ǶһŶû
û£ҩûˣҲˣǧ򲻿ɻģѾҩԣ뵽ʽƵĳˣѾǺܴĽˡѣοһ䡣
ҩȫûˡҶЦ̾˿Ծɺܲõ˵
Ȼûˡ
Ҳ̾˿
ǲһֱһҩģҲҶЦ̾Ϣ
ͬʱ̾ϢһҩҲûˡ
һͲֻţӹߣС⴫˵еҩȡλǷϣ˵
û˾ûˣû£û£ŷһ졭˵ɶղ˵ɶаϰߵİοŷЩң޾ɵ˵һ룬ͻȻס
ղ˵ʲô
аһֻҲ͵̧ͷŵĿλ
˵ɶǡӹߣС⴫˵еҩȣòƸӵǷϣ
ǡǰһ䣬ʲôţͬʱʵ
͵Զ񵤵УɻҪү֮ϣ
ţֻţĻش޵ݡ
ţ
ˣаڻعͷҶЦأһεĸо
Բۣղû
òƲܲһ˰ɣ


558 ⲻʲô
һǧҩİվֻšҶЦܲĵʵ̫˷ˣӹߣΪǵţһ΢١
⡭а촽ͻȻһԾ㵸Բ۰̫ţˣ̫˰ţţ۹̫˰Ҳţһ㣬ٵһ㣬ôһأ
аһ̵ľϲֱױȼġ
һԵҲȸԾɫ
񵤣ǵףеĶʦѼµҩģ¯Ҳֻɹһ¯
ֻһŰ
һǧҩģûɹֻҪλ־Ͳ˰ûָ
û뵽ȻѾˣ
һţ
ֱһ֮òĴ氡
аĶҲ̲ס״ˡ
ֻҪҩһǧҩʲôһҩĶʲôǸͲҪ
ҶЦ˼˹ӣĵеˣԼ֮ǰĵȻ̫ˣӡһݵҩ˶ûҲ̫⡣
෴ֻһǧҩܹء
ҶЦƲƲ죺λĸ߼ûӰ⻹˵ˣңΪʱռҩ̫̫ӣŵ¾ֻţ
Ҫھܸóٿţûӣ
λ棬ǿߣޣ
ϣţƬǿ֮֮Уܹ˵аûġƣһ˶С
ţҲֻһˣ
ʵ˼ҷܰѰ׹£ȭȭ⣬೰䣬޼䣬òҲ㲻ʲôϡ£
ţа֪ҶЦô룬Ҫһͷײȥ
٣硰Ӽʶ㡭ʲôûʲôӣһġ
ܲܡܲܿġ鵤أûб˼뿪۽磬˶ѣ
֮̽ţеСʵ
ܲСǺ֪˵ĲݵƢһ仰Ϸֲܲʣ¿عӵδ촽һ촽˵˭֪ļٵģ£ۼΪʵǣ
ʲôеģȻԣʵǲ˵Ҳ㿴أ񵤵鴫Ȼж컯֮ܣҶЦʹ죬һ֣žž
ŵҩͱôϡ
鵤أԻ˼£Ȼµµ¹
ÿһιһƬ֮֮ڣֻǹһ£Ѿȫ֮Уһʱ侹ȫˡ
ǹ˸һ˲䣬Ȼƺ֮ӵҩϷ
ͬʱһɻɬġµġӵϢô˸Źâĵҩ
ռ䣬˲㼴һĸζ
ζʵҲǺŨֻҪǱŵˣȴܹԼģԼ꣬Ҳÿ
񵤣
ġ֮컯񵤣
аأڹ񵤣һʱ䣬ȫˣ
Ƭ֮ȾѹһѸײڶ֮Ƽ֣ö۵ᶼҪϸϸĹŵû𻵡
а˿Ϊ죬ͷ۾λǲơ
⡭Ƕ񵤣ٺõƢҲ̲סŭ㡭ôô£ôղŻ˵˵鴫ж컯֮ܣתͷô㡭
ûҲ˵ˡ
˵úʵأװ񵤵ƿҲûУңҪôףΪǵ򰡣
֣ǡ֣ǡа֣ϼһĳ鴤
˵ʲôҶЦüͷһǲӣˣŵҩֵʲôȴСô
ȻΪƵĿ⣬˲ʱͣĿƿ԰ԭء
ղ˵ʲô
ֵʲô
ڴСô
⻰ô˵أ
Բۣ˵赭дġ֪֪񵤣õ򣬽ôĺ䶯
á췭ظѪɺӡݣҲǾԲģ㣡
ЩǣһûжŮ
㸸ĸǳţһǴķϲĵҲ٣
ϾÿһλܶôŮŹȻУķϲҲǲٵģ
ǣֻҪ񵤳񵤣ÿһķϲĶԱţ
Щں飡


559 Щӣ
ֳġֻڴ˵֮еġҲû˼Ķ񵤡ͼλ棬һһļһֿãƲֵʲô£
⡭ʲô߼
ʲôΣ
˵Ծͬʱ·׵Ĳˣ
Ŀ˻̻ȻоλˣԼˣʵʵڵĵͼλӣ
Ҫû֡
ֱĲмζʵ̫ˣ㶼ûΰ
аǳ˳飺֡Ƕ񵤰
ϻҵȻ֪λȻķ˷ֲۣɵԼ񵤣ѵһ֪ʲôô
˼ǣаôʳôͼɵ⣿Һܻ̰
аʱѣһ¡
ģֱǶţ١
ֻǣΣδɵ֮ǰȻǴ˵بδĲ鵤ѾƳɹˣҲͲˣҲô¶ѣλ˺ߣˣĺûйͬԣƼ鵤ǶѵһĺöҶԣѰ£ץˣҪŰֲʱõѶÿÿԷʱιһţȹ֮ڽŰ˷ʮΣ˲¡
ĺƽܲܲĿ˽ŵҩӣȻЩЦԷǵ˼ô⵱ôô
аһĸо
ͷߣ߲ѡ
ȻͼλˣһǱӵ̶ֳȣ
ǰǰ͵ǰ״ԣ̫ûмˣʵǰô粵
Եģôֹ̥
ѶȻõ񵤣ҪʮΣõζΪֹ
ҵģ˹ˡаһ
һߵҲ˵
ֻߡСŵ񵤣һ֮ʣʱӻͳµ˼Сƿӣŵҩ֮ķ˽ȥ
ʼգûиλ˵һ仰
ʵҲ޻˵
զ˵
ûô
Ҫ˵ʲôλܹһ֡УӣûĳĿǱĲм絽Լ
ӵ飬ŮоԼƤͦģ룬ûλٵƤôܹܵס
ƿ澫°λ棺ôµƿӣֵǮɣ
ţ˵ʲô˵ƿӾ£Ȼ˵ƿӾ£
ഫй飬ЦǧأվȻȻǰһҵΣû˵ĵڣܷŹ
Уӣͬ
˳Ļᣡ
ֵ˰ɣ
ˮתʱҼң
а
ģƿپ£ҲֻǸװƿӣװĶмֵ
Ȼܹʳôĩõ⣬мʶҪǲ㼸䣬ʵѳͷ
ҶЦһӵĺߡ
ÿ죬һżӵʱɣȻôͱ˻
治˵Ŷ֮Ϊö񵤱˵Ƶ񵤣ôҲӦҪ׼ƿӰɣô
˵ʵڲ֪˵ɶźˡ
ļһίʵ޻˵
׼ƿӣײ˵ĵɣ֪֪һƿҪǮأ߰ĳɱأ֪֪ö죿ԶٷҪǮˣһø׼ƿӣʮŶ񲻾͵׼ٶʮƿӣǱӲ֪Ӽվ˵ۡ
ٶһӵĺߣ
˵ֱǲű߼ʣ֪ƣ֪ν֪ܣ
ΪµһĴϰ壬ǮûУϣ˭ҲǮȻ
ν˵е۽˵ϹҲͲ˶˰ɣ
治֪Ҫαźã
⻰ȴЩˣ˭֪ĴȻ½˭ǮƷʤ̫ǫ˵αˣЦЦûסʵ˵ˣ
İﻹǮˣûǮˡ
ǾסǮֲˣһѱһ᣺Ҳ֪ǲ֪װ֪ǰʱ˼ǮɱңҪҵԴôܲһҪɣ϶Ҫõİɣôòۻɣ鱦ҲͣЩǵ˵ͷۡ


560 ˣ
ҪǮģڸʲô²ҪǮҪõķ͵ߵļǮΪ˴ͻ죬鱦¿νҹս˿ǿǿǮһǮû˰Цһ˲ټء鱦£ΪʡǮһֻһٷһֻǺ࣬ϡ̲࣬˶ϡ˵İԹȻ˵ⷬԼš
ͱԣȴɷ£
Ȼ£⼸Ƿ˷Ƹļƻ˶òȤһֱûгȫ֪淢ʲô¡
鱦͵飬һ֪ġ
ԭ֮ʾĵͷ֪ҹս˿ʡ˵ģ˲ټġ͵ǮƵжأ
ȿȡһһգգ۾ǧڡ
ۣ
ǱŲ豭ˮ֮һˮ˳û˷ѣȫλϣأǺȲͣȿȡȿȿȡ
аҲһͷߣעǰλҪľˣ
Բ㰡ôҹսʡǧڡ
ͬʱоͷһͷڶ
£ȻôҪˡ
ǿ̣ұ֮ΪУ
ݣа̲סһֱ˵ȴʼû˵ڻѿڶˣ
һֺ
ʵˡ
ģʡаŰۣЩĸо
б۾̵˵ԭ鱦󾳿˶أķȻҲôʱ򣬷Ҳ˵Լ˼ģҪҪǷƸ¥֧ԮһЩӸǰ
ⱾǴķ̣˭ó
һھǧôĿүôȱǮ
û뵽⻰Ÿո˵ڣǰλĸм㣬һѾץס֣ҡΣ̫лˣ̫лˡĳ֧ԮһҰɣˣûɶûǮûǮ粽ԣ˳ϲҡ
˵˵ţͿʼһ꣺Ҳû뵽ƾҷ֮边Ȼôôǵһա̫ˣϻǺ˶డԶԣôˣǺͰ׹ϾҪˣԺҲٻƧ˰ɣƸ¥ʲôĿ϶ҲҪɢģôЩǮҲû˲ǡԶԣԶҰɣǰ㶼ģǲ֪һûǮģɶ¶ûţҪûţõôǶˣ϶֪ǰɣ
ѽѽܹԽȼü֮ǾˣǮʲôʱܵƸ¥Ҵҵӿ϶еİѣ鱦󣬳ǧӶҪҹҪԲˡ
ˣ˵ûƿӣ̣˺ö´ʱһҪǵ˳ЩƿӹһϢʲôģһӾͻˡ
ԼСֱĳ˽һסˣ
סˡ
а״Ҳǳͷβסˡ
һʱ䣬аҲֻðԲۣ
ңҪǳ֣
Ϊ˽ִ֮⣬Ҳûбֿݴ˿̵飡
öôĲҪ˵Ļ
Ϊ½һǮˣȻܹƤĿ޵ֵزҲǡˡ
֮㲻һ׻ǳǰô鷳˸С֣ãҲˡ
˭㣬ǵǮûˣ
ǷƸ¥ܹ·ƣĴ֯ô˿Ҫ൱ǲɢذɣ߾ˣҲܵø㹻ӵǮɣ˵ˡǵǮһöûˡ
ƾɶ͵øѽ
ҪʲôΪ˭Ѿֱҳôȥ죿
ʶסԳԵĵ㡭ⲻǿЦ
ֻǾȵģôֹϵ鿪ЦǮܹ˵ǮҺ氡ǿҵ۾һ˿һĲô
ЦͿˣѵֿҵģôܷŹ
üͷ˼ǣզ죿
˸ۣװû
鷳һԹԣĺá
һһľ仰˵ͺˣֱλץס˻βҪ˱Ķȥ
û˵ɶҪɶһǻ˻ҵСô죬µﲻãҲǰ֮һӱСģ
ʵҲûٸǮʵòһ˵


561 ܣ
Ҳ֪Ʋᣬղžôһ˵жپٰɣôҲøԷɣôܲۿŶ˵˵ǽҲòЩƲˣÿԽҴʱ֮ȡãһá
ǡðɡãóɣû˼˵ûǮûţûž鵤д֣Լܲͷô˵˸͡һڹΣ
ˢһ¾Ϳǲ˵ɶһôǮ̫ˣҺ׿οڣôʲôأУ̫ˣҳûˡ
а쳤̾
ǿ˳λʵרŵǵģңרŵҪǮģ
һھȻ衭
ô¼Ŷӿģһʣ£ֻҪˣű裡
źŵҪ裡
Ҫ٣ǿ϶ûеģֻ֮ġ
ûУͿŸˣҲ٣ģԷСЦеġ
֮ǳһ߹ȥղ˵ûгԷǮһ˵㡭˵٣˵
ô˼أ
һڵ˵϶˵ˡ
֮ţһʱ䵱治֪˵ٺʡ˼ţͷǮò˵ģȻϣЩһѷֽռطķϡԾͶһЩˡ˰죬ſڣҪ˵ʱ򡭡
һߣϸϸĿ˵˵ЩǮҲȷòˡܴܲЩ֮ص졣ɴ࣬ͽͷһٸڶ͸ˡһҲˡˣԼȥɣÿ˶нţҲǶ
ظ˵ԣԶԣô˵ҲǵѣƲҲˡ
ĵգұҪ˵ڵġ
ҶЦ㶣Ŀעƶ֮
ò˵Ů˲ļƻмǡ
һ͵ȫͳˡ
˭֪ǵжǮ˵ǾǶٰ
ûңԼȥ׬нţôҲ
˵仰֮ôҲ˼ġȫҪɣ
ôҲøһЩɣ
ҶЦǺһЦ˫һģһɾܵĿãȻˬ죡Ѿ͸д֮ͨ꣡ǾһΪһٸھһٸڰɡһٸڣпڷ伢ˣжˣҲͲˣȻǶˣʱʱİҲ͸һ㣬űȻܹõ鵤˾ٻ˻ݼǴۣɼһߡ
ġ
쵰ĲúŪʵһȫˣﻰļңôǰʵĺûĺܺô
ǿˣˣˣһۿǾҪˣµĶҲòˣΪҪЮȻռٱˣռٱˣԲ˿ġ
뵽˸ֻ˱˴˲׵ɫ
üôЩصɣһֻЩǵ涼㣬Ҫô죬Ǹǰǰô꣬ȴһôҲòʵڲʣɣһٸڣ¡
ԣ˵ˣһ˺ƣеΣҵĴҲôô硣λһ֣ˬʵЦ֮Ļ
ŮʱԤеһ˿ɴ˫
ҵ԰ɣλǿҪˣǵӿ϶òˣ԰ɣңµòҲв٣԰ɣǳڷƸ¥϶˲ˣһߣɽʧػ鷳֮ҲĲ£ǰɣ
λ󷽵һ֣һظʵЩ£ǴԷİɣ½ǻôµ˶ɣң˵ɶҶǱ۸۸аֲ跹ԣҵ
˭۸ҵˣߺߣǾǻòͷˣʵҵ죬ҪĿľΪ鱦ţȷû˸鱦󣬸û˸Ҷ鱦µκһˣ
ܹϿ˶ԼֵֻܵҪǶͶңֻҪһһڳԵģһǷԣεջ빲ǽǽңܷģȫк֮ǣȥðˣ
죬ۣһ͵ĿλظƱķһʱ䣬ֻоԴˣˣҡ
һҪѪĪ嶯Ȼƣ


562 Ķ
ҪԼԼ⣬ݺݵش
ң˵ʲôã˵£ΪʲôҪ˵ô˵ء
ӿɵãֱһˡ
һǸ˵ʸ淭Ƹ¥ģһǳ͵ĸ֣һǿߣ
һƽǸģնƽˣǷƸ¥ʵΪһˣɱԿγѹƵʵΣ
ٷǿߣʵǿ֮⣬䱾׿Ƹ¥ıۣԾֻ۸˵ķݶ˭۸ǣ˭۸ǣ
ȻҪǣ
Ȼ֮裬ʵ˵⻰ҲҹԴ󣬴ԲѣĵĲã
ʲô֮ˣǶ֪ǽȻĺܺã
˵ô屡ģ֪ĻΪµ˶һȫްʵҪչ˵ء
ȻһڳԵģһһڷԵġ⿪ʲôЦأƾˣһ½Ϻߵ
ǵ˸۹ĻʵǰҲ
Ҫܷ
ޣ
Ҫ˶㡭ôµЩǮûˡ
Ҳֻȫˣ
һȻ˲Ϣ֮˲ášɶȫյ̡
ҡǸɶ
Ƹ¥ЩֶΣͷͷʹѣԳ磬˵һھ͸һڣ޻٣Щ˾ѱ֮ˣǱ˴˳ͻ
᲻ᣬϲѱˣΨбµ˲ʸ˲˲šҶЦϣѱһҪء
ӣ֪˵ɶˡ
λ죬ǷƸܡղŻ˵˼ҸƵãתͷбµ˲ˡ
ǴⲻģһҪһˡ
ȿȡһǧҩľƳɹ˶񵤣ǵţεĵţɸΪ֮ûҩҩģͻȥ׼ҩġҩǲãӰЧҶĿ㣬ʵǸоԼѾ˵ˡ˵ȥֱʲô
ҲȥҲȥȥ׼ƿӻǮⶼҪ´ҵøϽȥˡŮæվץװŶ񵤵ƿӣǱ״Ķӡ
Ů˲ʧӰ١
ܵľͺƨɺĳ׷š
ǣ̻ɥ֮Ȯææ©֮㡣
֮ƶ֮һ˶ûǱĻŲ·
̫ˣ
ĳʨӴ󿪿ڵļһʵ̫ɶˣ
ٴȥ˵䣬˵Ͳֹ˵СʲôģҲ˶Ҫˡ
аһֱԱ߿ţȴǼЦ
ôܲף
λǰҪܣ
ɶ֣Ȼôþôãöپö٣߲ޣơ
ҿѾͷܵÿ죬򣬻治һܱλ߶ٶأ
Ѿͷֵ۵ı£Ա֮λʮǧ
֪ƱǿƱ˼գӲҪ̸УǲԿżء
Ҳˡаüͷ˵ѾͷôģʵȷĺܣҪˣҪǮҪʲôɶöûˡΪɶͲɴ㶼أϾôæ㵱һֵĳҲ޲ɰܹĵҴùϵ
а˵˵ķӦĺ֡
ܹ˶ӿȣаãǰƸ¥͸λҲǻģ
ͲˡҶЦ΢΢ЦЦܱܵѾˣаΪ뱾ĺܳҶЦ⣬ҲѸٵĻָ˳̬˵ıģɵġҲѡȨû˻ԸⱻȥǳڱģӦȻġ
֪ǻķӦΪλҪأа
ΣȷʵҪǮҶЦ̹Ȼ˵ΪвΣںĻ⣬˳ˮۡ
аˡ
ȷƸ¥ɢ֮Ҳͳ֮Щ˵ʵ϶Ͷɡôܹǵģ½ҲֻֻҪǿȻơ
ҶЦгЦЦ
ȥģȻȥ밲ӹģң⣬ЩԸͶģһȻܣҶЦԣھĽ͸ңҲǲҪġĸԸˣôҪ


563 ǣ
аЦֲ֧һԴ׳һƴϲ⣬
漴а˵֣ԤƣʮŶȫ꣬Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
˵仰ʱ֣ء
ҶЦ£˼ַʣҲͲֻҪҩ㹻ĿǰԶ񵤵նֻۣҪܹȷ޳ٵΣաôֻҪµʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˣ
ãа۷Ź⣬ʱһ˵أֹȻȵɾͣĪ˵Ƭͼλ棬Ƿ磬Ҳܿɹһָ
룬ʵоǣҪжҩģܹ˵㹻֣
Զԡ񵤣Ȼģ⣬ƵƼ鵤߷˵ǽʵҶЦ治ǹ飬Ҫõҩģûա
ϴһǧҩģһҲֻŶѡ
˭֪һǧݣ᲻ֻţҲֻһţҲδûܣ
֮ܶҩĻԽԽðɡ
ҶЦҲֻô˵˵գ̾˿
а⡣
ΪⱾȫƿص飬ԽǸ߼鵤ƾԽѣƼ鵤ˣˣǶҲ˽еһܹ֮࣬Ƴɹ
ҶЦһĶʦƶĵãһ¯ҩһ¯ɾ㹻Ϊˡ
ô¯¯Գɣ
Ǹڵ飬ɶ
Ƿа˵ÿ¯ԳɣаҲֻΪ֮辫ɵ÷ˣ
Ŀļȴаת˸⣬ֵĵʵίʵǳʥبԽܹƵĴ棬ҲǰֻǣֻûеأӦõģ
ʲôҶЦǺһ䡣
аһߣһ仰µú˴һ㡣
ҶЦŵôãҾǽŴˣȻֱȥҪרܷĹƵ٣ҲǸѾͷŶôҪǰȻɽ٣һվô
аɴ۾һһҲа
ʵǡ
̫ˣ
ֱǡ̫ˣ
Ȼ뵽ȥ
ֹУֱ̫ˣզû뵽أ
һΪҲǶͷϡ
ϵֵ׽ٿɶôġ
õֱȥˡ
Խʵء̣ܣַʽ٣ûΣղ˵ŶУڣû٣Ͼ٣Ǵȵͼλĵ٣λ˶ԣȻһɱǰһȴҲûˣǶڽ˵ǵĳһ׽٣ֱӾǺˣ
˹ˣҵôַʽأĻﻹðѽ͸ôġа˵

ʹĪԵǿҶЦһҲǻȥˡ
֮ǰҶЦһ仰
֣˵ʣֶΣġеһСڶԲڵòڵòôҲǷˡ
а˵ʷ֣֮ʵòô
ʵ𣿡
аʵ⣬Ķ˼Ķʡ
ͻʻҶЦûشֻǺص΢Цһ££
аЦﳤȥ
Ҳ£
ֻҪȣ
ȴʲôʱ򡭡һˣ죬ʹȻ֪˭ˣôõıϣ׷ɣ

аıӰҶЦҲɵЦ
ò˵λ蹫ӣһһѣһȤȤˡ
ҶЦ૵˵

ǰСǱǰͿˣһֱڣǲУҶ÷ǳûò·ǵ÷ڶԣһֲֲܿܿ顣
ңҵ˻ᣬټȥˡ
Щ˽վҪˡ˵ǰǰ˴֮⣬˱л⡣
һ·˳硣ҶЦܸɴĻش
лߵغ֮ҵûʲôָʾֻҪһֽš
ƿ˿ˡ
ֱͦͣˣ֣صͬ˵ɽ𺣣ǣ
λˡҶЦ̾һ
˽ҪȥĵڣҶЦ˵ţмǻ߿Фһ¡ţиֿ˵أʵ𡭡Ƕԣδǻᡭ
Ŀһʲôָʾ


564 ⣡
ָʾҵǸλѶѣϾǲ˵ģһȥͷҶЦ¶һЦһϢһº鱦پһ᣻ʱ򣬽бڸĵ񵤽λȤʱ׼һЩǮƻԴֻҪ㹻ԴŸλȻܹ񡣡
Ĩ۾ЦЦϢֽ׶λھܣλ֮⣬û֪ˡ
ŴԣĿһ
ᣡ
Ȼ͵Ļᣡ
λ˵Ѿԡ
ԪˣʱھжԵĿҲֻἯ鱦󣬶ֻҪ鱦ȻҲڲ鷳
鱦󳬼ŶǶԿʱ䣬ΨһģĻᡣ
ң񵤿ܹš
ȻѾһ񵤣Բ˻̫ࣿ
ʣ˭Լ̫أ
ϴεĵȲ֪飬µͷŲִٳǮʵ̶ԣԶԶ಻ʱ֪һʱ䣬ɾȫһˡ
µʱﱸҵҲܳԴȻܹһЩ鵤ȥ
һ㣬ҵΪĿǰѾ½ļٽ㣬һǺҶЦ΢Ц˵֮˵ʲôʱҾҪ뿪½ˡ֮Ѿ½ϴ೤ʱˡһȴȷǾǵ뿪ˣ񵤣ƱؽΪ½ľ죬ֻҲˡ
Ƶһʲôû˵
ֻǣ۾ȴԽԽ
λˣԺû˵񵤣ֻԼȵɼʢŵĻôĺ½Щ壬˭
Ǹʱ󳬼ž㻹ڣѾλðӲ
˵Լǧǰ;񲻾͵춨ڽһϯ֮У
ҵ彫гͷصһ죬ȫݷͣƵһҾأ˶˵£û
Ƶˡ
ϰʱת˳ǷˡһϯƱǽܳеǮ³ڣÿ廹ҪⱳһʼΪӴծƫƫЩ˶жµġ
ҶЦ۾ˣ뷨Ϊˣǵĸж£ǳģʱǣʱǣΪṩǵģһǼǧΨһĻᣬǴˣĲС
ͷ⡣ᣬҵҲҪץסģ
ҶЦšһȴǻȻЩ
⡣
ղŶ˵ģԼƬ½ζģ黰ʵ顣
ǣԼˣôԼµˣȴʼһǣҡ
˵ѣֵܣ¡ϵЩ£Сǿһ൱Ӵ
ЩҪǿǵġ
ԼˣҲʧȥĹĶ
ȻˣԼʾһ£ǿһɳʱҲҪθмεĸж£ֻҪǻ˼ԼЩ飬Ǿ޷Թۣ
Ͼ鱦һҳǧڱ飬Ÿոշ
ֻǷδ
ֻҪһ㣬㹻ˡ
㹻Լµˣһʳǣ˭Ҳ۸Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҶЦ뷨Ϊµš
Ҳô

뿪鱦֮֮Ĵ߱˴һ£ͬʱƾϹʩ񣬳ĳ˵л£
΢ЦλˣνݺǱһ·ϵˣαǿֱ˴ˡ
Ĵ˷׷׵ͷ
Ӵ֮Ϊ׵˸֣Ҳγɡ
˭Դӽ鱦ʼе飬Ƽ£СģʱʱôԼ˾ԵȲɻڴĻᣡ
мƣίʵЩ˵뷨
Ȼ֮Ժעоս˴֮䣬ҲԶ̫ƽ¡ݣҪסģ

ʱ鱦ǲȥɱڴɱķ
ҶЦߣȴǿǰ顣ҶЦ뿪鱦ʱ򣬸Сġ
ʵСģòеִ֮࣬鱦սһ֣Ѿ£ǧɱ֣֮ţųµһֵĲڵĽʮλ֣֮
Ⱦʵں½ϣҲǸûܹģ
ʱ򻹸ҷ֮鷳ˣòƸҲûɶ
Ȼ벻÷ȴǷ˵飡
硪
ڷ֮߹һСӣ׼ҸطָҶЦĿʱȻʾһɼȵΣոоһ
ͺɽ֣ͻȻһֻͻȻûмĺëѾը
ǡ֣


565 
ҶЦǺεˣȻʤ񹦸ȴҲδϣϾĿʹûзں½ȵͼλ֮ϣʤһȺ֮Ϊ죬գ
ľһգ˿˼ٱʣ͵֮£ȴԲ˿һȻͻһڼڳ֮УһȻȻʵþ˵ٶȣԤ֮أ
ͬһ磬ȴٵĹι
ڳУҶЦٶҲͱƶٶԿѣȻ⼫һȴǿپף뿪ԭԶνδֻԭصһӰѡ
ˢһ𡪡
һϢ⣬ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʴ͸ҶЦԭصǵӰ
һƬʵǹ⣬ʹɢ
ͬʱһ˷ˡסһ
ȻԷһʧ֣Ϊ⣬Ӷ鱦ʵʵе⣡
˼ҶЦѾչ˼һ·쭣һڿмӹǣʧڳ֮
˿ɲֹһˣ涼еˣ
ĵʵǿѼǷƿѹëȻ
ϮΧ֮Ȼֻһ·ӡ
˲ʱóж֮󣬼ʶǸ쭶ȥ
ʵڳȥһɲǣѾˣ
ΪʶԼضӦ塣ǸĿǰΨһ·ʵȴǰ·Ī⣬δ
ԼӦߵķ򣬻߸ɴͷұܣ
ͷ鱦Ҷ
涼ԮһǿԮԶԿϮԼ֮ˡ
ֻǣڸղŲ˵˵Ϣ֮󣬵һӦֻУԷǸ֣һҪԪ۷֣ĸ֣ϹˣֲλγƷΰΧȦ
ԷΧȦΨһ©ֱֱֻȥѡ
ķͻֻҪ÷פֹ֮һ£ʱݼţԼܾ߲ܿˣȽڵ˵ĴĻԼǵ⧲ȵıٱֺϻֻзתأ
ʶΨһ©ķǰ塣
Ȼγȥ˲䣬֪ԼȷľʵǴġ
ֻǣҶЦ˼Ҳȷʵûа취ȻһΣ֪õѡǸ˲䣬Ҫ߳塭
Ϊ
֪һ漫пΧһ壬ԾֻѡͻΧڸղŵĵط͡ΧĻ뷽Բǧ޹񣬿¶˲
ֻĴ־չʵĽսƣԽЩͨѹ޽ң
Էֵ˻׼Լ˼߸ɴǲ⣬Ǽ˵Ķֻʲô
һܹȷ¾ǣԷ֮貼֮ˣĺΪݽ棡
ҶЦĴﶯ֣ҲԲ⼸ǧͨ˵
ҶЦһļȥ
ͬʱоȻ
ȻѾѡһ·ҪȻȻȥѵҶЦ˶Էֲɣ
Ȼһ̡
ͬɱ֮ƣͬʱڶ𣬷β׷Ϯ
ֱ˿̣˵ӰûȫԷͬʵʵƣȴɲ죡ԷӰεļ׷ţȻ󣬵˫ȴû㹻ȫľ롣
ԷǣӪһּµɱҶЦ
Ƶǣ֮£ҶЦͲиıٶȡ򣬾ֻһζĳȥ߳װ׷٣ֻǱ׷
һתۣ»ٶԷԵĴһ䣡
¶ĵ˲вԵĴڡ
ҶЦȻи̾ȴҲֻ˳һ·ǰӡ
һٱ֮£ҶЦٶ𽥼ӿ죬ɼٶ٣ƶٶѾƶٶȵļ¡
ݡһȻһһĺɫ⣻Ψµٶȣܹ֣
Ȼ״ֻǳһ˲һ˲ٶȱȴ˫֮һЩ롣
ԭʮɾ룬˲ʮɣ
ľ룬Ȼ֮ܳΪȫȴѾֻأڴʱĻѲݱԷѻˣѾĸĹۣıˣԸд֣
ĵۼ٣⣬ȴһХ
ɹ֮ҶЦɿݷʱͻХ𣬳ХڶߣԼԱƳ֮ƣǿ٣
ɱ죡
ɱ
ҶЦ״гŭ
һζԸң󳬼ɻǻ˴Ȼô۷֣ôֱʣ


566 ׷ɱ
ڸܵΣ֮ҶЦѶ϶һζԸԼģȻ󳬼ɣ
ϾϣңҲûбҶԼ֡ԼԼˣ
Լ֮ǰֳֻһ㡢ҵ͵ļƣκ׹ҵԼȴ˱ᣡ
ûκκˣҸԼķӽа壡
ȻΨ󳬼ɲڴС
Ǻ½Ψں͵
ԣһεͻϮ֮⣬Ҳбˡ
˿̣ҶЦɱЩˣһҲֻǹȥʱѣҶЦһû뵽ŵķ˻ô죡
ô
Էʵȵĳ㣡
ⱾǲӦõ飻ŵܲ볽ǳǧ֮ң
·̣һѰһӶδߵ·̡
οճԣһɽӵج֮󣬱Ҫټ顢顢¡Ȼ۶ѡɻϵһ£ö֣ϳ
̣ûа£Խв꣡
ȻڵʵȴڶԷ֮ڣ͵չôܵɱ֣
ʡԵеȫڣֱӶ̣ԷȫԪ۷֣Ҳûܾô̶̼ϵ
Էǲ߲ݣҹ̣ȫֹЪҲӦõﰡ
ҶЦоƺʲôԾĵطȻʲô⣬ɺ֮飬ŻԼһЩط벻벻ͨһεĴֲ
Сʻ괬һΣȻʼЩˡҶЦ̾ϢһǰЦ񲻾Ƿ󣬲Żᵼ±Χˣ
벻ǰ֮Ŀȴصޣѵһ𣿡
ҶЦȻ֪Է˼ȴҲǺް취Ϊ˫ȻԷԾԼʮɵľ룬Ȼ̣Ԫ۷֣һƶ룬޷޷ҵ·صҶҡ
Ȼ֪ԼֻҪصҶңӽҶңǱξԼΣգԽ˴ЩȫϮɱԲһܹŻȥ
Ǵ˿ȴǱ޳Īǽӽˡ
Ͼһʼԯޡ
Լһѡ̤׷忪ʼȫ෴ķ
ԷϮɱʼ˿̣ʱݣȴǿ쵽˼㣬˼Ѿ˳ǣԼҶң￪⣡
ȻԼкٴһХȴҲԴҶôԶ
ԶˮѾȽ
ҶЦѶΨҧسǰ壬һ߳壬һвϵطݣݣϻǵǽҵèˣ
һΣҿνɱһʬҰѪɺӣ
һ߷ɳۣһ߼٣ֻҧҲҪܶʱ䣡
ֻҪٶһأܹתΪ
ֻǣһ·ӣ;ȻϵּѹԵƽ𣬺ХţѹţԼƶ
ҶЦԹһ£ǰѾʮ˼ѹУ
ҲԼһˣֻͱƣȵ÷ˣ
ʮλԪ۷֣
״ͬʮǺʹԼֻһ̶·߷ɱ
ʼ޷ı䷽
Ҫı䷽򣬶Ҫתһ£ܹ
УٶȱȻôһ˲ֻҪһ˲֮Ǿʮն棡
ֹУһ˲Ԫǣ㸲
ʮˣһųȥһĺۣȴһǺԸԼֱʣǲν
ԼľģҲд˿ɼһߣ
ʮ˵ƣԶһƬ
ҶЦγѹԵѹƣ
ҶЦһּ߱ٷɳٶȣһԼԷơ
ǲòΪֻµȵͣ¿ʼսǻᣬҲҪֲֻ֣ƣѾһԼѹڵˣ
ת񹦣еȫٶơ
ͬʱз룬ɵеֶΣȫڿռ뱸ףȷܹڵһʱӲ
ҶЦڿռѰңȷϣϴ죬òûһοôĵ񵤣񵤶պϳţ֮ǰֶ֪ܲҲУ
һ©أǿǱееľ˵
Ǿ֣δǸ£
ʶϸϸķһ֮ҶЦʧ̾˿
ûУ
ԭθҲУ
û뵽ûУ
Ҳ˵ҪӦǰΣֻȫԼһ֮ˣ
ڣҲҪӦϵʮλԪ֣
ĵǣʮһòƶԼΪҪ
Լ࣬λҲŲԪƷ
һǲŸոͻƣ


567 ʲô
ԷЩǰΧԼˣÿһˣӵԪƷϵǿʵ
Էȫʵ뻹ԶԶֹڴˣ
ΪǿһֱֻѹȣȴһҲûֹ
ĿǰչֳݣŹԼֹǴ´ֱ࣬׾٣
ȻǼȻѡһǿиԼн·ߣȻĳĿģֻԼִĳĵص㣬ֻߡ·յ㣬һǿĸڵȴԼ
ҶЦ˼ŶԲߣܵѹȸȴԽԽأ
ҶЦһͷƺ԰ǳţȻ̻ʵǾˣλ漫޵Եʣǿ֣Ҳ粽һԪǿߡ
񲽾ɣŻи򣬵ȴ벻粽һľǿߣ͵ǰ״ۣ˵ʮ֮ʵʼϮԼλԪ۷ǿߣ˼սҲǲѷɫڲ죡
ԷȾսΪѣʵûбҪԼȥ˰ɣߣʲôطԼԵôֻߣԼʲôΪɵģ
һˣҶЦͷȻһˣںҵĶҹȻ֪ѾûǾ֮Է֪
ҲΨһɣЩ޷Ľ֣ȡΧʱսķʽΪλĶʵ̫Եˣ
γܼ״̬սΧһʹ˾ٲˣ
ΪǲƳΧһĿյأߣȻ;һֱҵǵΪҸߣһôˣǮȻԶһһֱȥµĻᱻʱҪ֣ܻɱң־㹻ĵؽ磬Ȼо֣ҲʩΪƣǺƣ
ҶЦʱ¶һ˿Ц
̣治
ƣһԣܣ涼ǵˣȥ˷κڷͷϣսȻķ֮裡
ֻȴ֪ڣһȡ֮֮ߵ⣡
ֻҪҲռͿƵĹӦ
Բ
оǣǵչ沫ɱĻôһĻǱ֣УֻǲõƹȫȻҵ̣ǿɾͱҽⷢӡĺˡ
˲֮ʣѶҶЦƶٶȾԼһ㣻Ȼէԭô죬ղŴ۷״̬ļٶȣѾôһ˿
ϸɲ΢仯ЩһֱڿעԼԪУǲݴģ
һ΢죬˲һִһѾʼˡ
ٶȲŻ᲻ķ
˷ʮƣʱչһǿѹȣȻ˿̶Ѿȫ
ԷȻδݽߣȻޣ̷ʱ̣ѹԷ
ԶѾԶһˣҲ˻ѸٸϣģƼ˫ƶԱȵĲٽһ󣬼ȫû˿ɱԣǿ⣡
Щû¶ĵĿ֮£ǰķƶٶȲϵԽԽһʹ飬棬ţȻѾڽĿƵʣһǱĸоȴôҲƲסǸӣĵ൱̶ȣˡ
Ȼˣƴһ״̬ǰ壬ƶٶѾԽԽˡ
ʮ˼״оϲ
Ʒ֮УͻȻ쳤Х
ХƿնϣԶԶȥ
ԶͬһХ
ҶЦ·ߵǰ
Ȼǰңֹһˣ
˶˵ĳХķ
ԼԼǿϢԽԽ
ҶЦѹ
Χһһ򣬶½Ψһȥ·յˣˣ
ˣ
ҶЦ״ĵȴǳ̾һ
أЩ˰ɣ
ԷΧΧ֮ѳɣ
ȻǰΣ֣Ҫܽ⿪أ
ԷʮλԪƷ֮ϵĸ֣ΧԼԪƷ
̫ˣ
ŶʮĹѾγɺΧ֮ƣҶЦĿһͣǰŲҡһ£վ˿ĳѾƣߣǿţ˵Ѿȥˡ
ڴڵĴҡҡλΡƺǡѾ;ƿˣ
ʹĿУȴȫǷɱ


568 ֣
еĵȴԾһҲûгֻԾάǿѹȡ
Ȼλûг׵֮ǰǲģ
κһķգصź
Ͼ˵еĶʵ̫ŷɥ
һմôһḷ́ȫóΪǻҰ
ȿֲսǰ˭ҽӴߣԶԶҲδܹ֤ȫһǶ̱һι
⣬մһɾζ갡
ԣԸʱϾһ㣬ҲҪȷȫ·˵ĹͣСȴԼһ˵ģȻѾռϷ磬Ȼνðյģ
ҶЦɴͣס˽ŲȴڲĴŴַסϥǣһѾ˸˳ĵУ۾ȴĵΡ
һƬƽԭ
ԶССĴ䣬ԶһƬİɽĵΣͳǳǸԣʵ̫ģ
տأҲȫҲκιĵط
ȻԷѾ˵ΣֶΣԼƵ
ﻹ趨λãҶЦţ˵ղĿĵѾ಻Զˣ
ʵϣҲΨĵУڶԷֵȫΧܹӳЧã
ȻһƽƽԭϣѹƵЧܶ࣬ȴ޶ȵĿλӳȥ
϶ʮλԪƷϵĵ֣ѹƷ˺ܶ࣬ԾܱžԵϷ磬ϾһٱһʮһȻһ͡һԣͬ޷⣡
ֻҪȷ޷ʤһţ
ҶЦƣߵĴϢţһƺ״̬ݣԷˣһаʽҲͽˡ
ʵڵȴͬһ㣬תһȦһȦļţ
⣬ռ֮ڣڽγΣγ籩ӵֵƨռ֮У
ֻҪҶЦһռһĺ˲ӿԼĵԼ壬Լﵽһȫӯ״̬
ܵѹԲϵʩѹ
ʮĸѾ˰ΧȦ
ϹʮĹƣڿγһǵصߣ
սļѹ
ǲ˲ʱɱ㣬ǿŪ㣡
ó棬ͿԽȫŪ
ֻҪ´󼪣ֺαؼһʱأ
ҶЦһԪתΪӣ漴ʹһķ߷ƣչȶԿ
Ƭ̣ĶͷϣѾ߳ϸܵĺˮ
˹Ȼڵȴλ׵ȥⲻ֪ҶЦҲڵȴȴЩһʽǳ
ֻҪȷǵķλҶЦ˲ʱȻƣƶѵӦз
ǷͻΧ൱İգ
ҶЦţϣٲ˱Լ
ֻҪһƳܾ˭ǿ˭ֻһ˿ҲǶ϶Լ۾ġ
ֻҪԷͺá
һ̣ҵչȫ淴ʱ
ǣܵƳѹԽԽŨңȴʼûκһ
ٽƬ̣ԷټԮԭĶʮ˻ϣȻ˵ͻȻ룬ֹǰϼӽֱǴƽֵǿ
ҶЦھ״Լļ󣬶ԷԮͻأȻɹҶЦѹʵδ̫ҶЦԤƣ
Էܹϸµɱ֣Ȼ᲻֣ղž뽩֣ҶЦӪģһǹ̬նԷһδϣܹƳԷĺɱУһҶЦϣԷ뽩֣ռƣȴʤƲԣֲóȻýսֻýһصƴ˳
룬ȻٶƸռţȴò·֮衣
澹һ״
ô
λֲ֮࣬óһۣܹɵĳǿߣ˵ã
ҶЦȻɹƳ˶ԷһսǶԷԾɲԽ֣һԼھƵĽ֣ȥǰ취мڴˣȻҶЦĳȣҲЩˡ

ҶЦЩ꣬ⲻ֪Ƕʮ˸ڸЩˣ
ֱӾĿˡ
Ӳţ
ôĵʲô
ʼʱλһ·ǣƵĳѹȣһ·쭵ⱾѾһֻܴ漣֮е顣
ڣ;ĩ·ʱһ֮żϹʮ˸˵ƷѹƣȻܼ֣òƻͦúܣ
Ҳ̫ӲˣֱӲˣ
ֱǸ


569 ͬԣ
Լͬĸ֣ǲ츴˿Ҳͱѹſ˰ɣ߾ֶƳ֮ƣһľԼˣȴӲͦ
ôݼ
ֻ
Ŀ֮£ֻλǾҵҡһ£漴ͻȻ䲻ĵŭ𣺡
˳ڴĿ֮УһѾԵЩݽߵƣȻһη
Ϊʲô˵֡͡١Ϊ״ѾǵһˣǵڶΣǵˣ
ôģһﶯõǱˣһλأʼĴݹǱصۻԪȻԻٸȡԪǼǱȡԪʱһƹȻټһʱ䣬ʱ֮󣬾ͻ᳹׵;ƿݣ֮ʤˣ
ǵģټӰѾһҪ¶ͷĶ̫ǿԷԪľҲɴ⣻ǳѹƣֱ׺һʧ
ã
ͬʱͷϿ
Ѿǵˣȥ治֪ҪϵʲôʱάǿѹȣҲһּĸĪҵֱͬԣ书һۣ˽սֻҪҵȲԷȻϬΣˣҲɱҹζࡣһһ䡣
˼ƴãһͷ
漴ĽϢȥǰ󲻹˲Ϣ⾰ʮ˸˶֪ˡ
Ȼ󣬾һƳӵĳХУʮ˸˵ھǶȻһ䣡
һ䵱ͬСɣ֮ǰʮ˵ƣ˵ϣֻǸΪս˷һһȻǹ΢죬صһѭأȻȴǶʮ˹ٴڣ۳һ
ҶЦȻ˹Ȼʱоѹ߱ȽϽвͬն֮У

ΪֹҶЦսΨһĵطֻͬԡ
㣬ȴ
Ϊ⡰ͬԡһռִУ
зԲԣȻѳ̶ȣǾѼ
зĻҪ󣬱Ҫʮλڸ֣ʮλǳŸ֣ϼƶʮˣһ˲ԶӦжʮλã
зĻţۺڵǳŵķ߽һγͬ죬ӳ֮澰
ռһгҪʮ˺֮⣻Ҫʮڳõĺ֮Уﵽ˽ͨĬܹʼʽ
ҪһҪҪʮ˳µľһ
֮⣬Źں쳾˼䣬ܵĳܹ֮ںϡͬԡз֮еĳЩȱݡ
ʵνĳЩȱݣȻȻ
ΪŹ⣬ӦΪǣͬ죡
⣬ӦصسţΨнǬȫںϣռġͬԡ
żȫԴֳзʼֹ£ͬԡ
ڳõ֣֮ⷢͬԿԽȫġͬԡ
֮еǹȫášֲ֮Ȼͨϵġ˼ˣ˼֮ˡ֮ͬǹ⡱
ΪԴʮǰɿʼռУ⼸ʮУʮʵһֱܴڳǳɽ֮С
Ȼδ¶棬Щ˾볽ǳǣʵ̫ˡ
ǰŲһ£ֱɱôˣЩڵڶ峿ȫ֪Ϥˡ
֪֮ȻǾⱨ漴չж
˾ϸ֮ȻּںϹʮһһûǱ鱦֮һƻУ
ʵòƸǲȻ֤Լ͵͵۲֮豾֮һ˵ȵóһۣܹ֮֮ɱô֣ΪǾ֮ԼģʵʵδضɹֻۣҪܹ䵥Ҽ֮սȫ̽Զսսʤ֮ʤɱ֮δزУǲѰ쵽ģ
⼸һֱ鱦󸽽ӣһɱѾ֪ٱ飻ȻҲûν;һ˵
ҶЦһ㵱ȻȻ֪
ưͿǳԵýʵʵ޻٣
˿̣ʮ˹ƺȻ϶Ϊһ춯֮ʵʵĵͷҶЦ˲оԼѹͻȻ౶
Լ޷ĵز
һ̫ͻأ⧲֮£Щͱѹһƨڵϣ


570 
ҶЦüͷһʱоһɲԾԼһӺİϤУͬʱһɾΥĪޣͻȻкҰԭһ
Էһ̵ơ
ǡ
󳬼ŵĹġζ
ԼձΧʱζǸܵø
ǵģɣŵɣһֱûǰ
ҶЦ۾ͻȻһӱˣ
ֵܡζӦø
Ѿˣ
ǣһţ
ӭһͻȻϤɱҶЦͻȻ쳤ХƾԼμһڲŵĿнڽͻνƣ
һ̣ⲻʵȫ汬
ԪеͻȻ糱ˮһ㵹ռһ˲䲹ϣԴԴϵӿ
ҶЦԪȫӯը
ޱ޼ʵɱȫ׵شĿڷǰЦеƣ
Ȼ
ҶЦӴӱѹİ䶸Ȼһͦ
˾ͻȻֱͦٲղŵҡҡ׹ʱܱϵ״̬
˿̵ҶЦͬһص񽣣ͻȻʶ֮䣬˸ҫǧŵķâһ
ڶŨɱֱ罣һ֮࣬漴Ȼըһ˷ȥһ۶
Ԫγɵķ͵һˣٿһھǿƣʹ˻ԻͶ
Ӻ£
ҶЦȻƬããҰ֮ϣˮһλеľףڸ
Į
䵭

һ䡱֮⣬ֻ£Իͣ¾һ㣬һ
ڷĶѻ
ڷ
ڼ
ҶЦܸоǰಫƱƴ֮£ԼȻڼģǲø죬֮£ԼľһĹ
ֻǸողͻԪƷΪȻһ˲䣬ԪȻƵƷнףյ㣬ĳǰʵ

ô¡
ۡ
ۡ
ҶЦͻȻһ˲䣬ΧǶʮͬʱоһֿǰĿֲΧ漴ٲľƣʹѹ˹
һ˲䣬ҶЦһ˶ԶʮˣԹѵڣȻϣǵ˲ƽܾ֣ӻΪԾϷͷǶʮ˵ƣչȫԵѹƣ
ҶЦıʵĪ˵ʮֻܺͣһˣҲδʤ㣬˿̱ƴȴƣҶЦչֵƣ֮Ц۷ƣ
ЦĵԪǿƣĪ˵ʮ˵ٰܺͣʮˣǧ˰ˣҲֻһ;߱ĴԪ࣬ȫûпɱԣ
ȻҶЦܷӳЦʵֻвһѣһ˲ŷɱϣԾǾ޵У
οƣڶ㣬ٵķȵ֧֡
ʮȻ⺮½ԳưԣһȴܹȵϾҲܳưԵЦƣ
ʹƴһǹʵսսδػҶЦȻЦսǻۣȴû֮ƥΪʵɸΪ֮ȻܹȥҲȻḶ൱Ĵۣ
ȴΪҶЦĶҩȡ˱صƹ
ǳҶЦ֮еĪޡ
ҶЦԭôͶ֣һķƣ־սһʱ䣬ȵЩĵòˣƣʱͻȻʹԷ¶ƣƶԷɱ֣
Ȼĵ׵ռޣǰȴɲɵĸ˶ʮһ΢ʱ̣
һηǽʵʵ޻٣
ʮ˸˷ӦһͬʱͷԾʹðǣֻоԴҺģһ˰׳״̬ѪΪģֱӾǡۡһѪ˳ش
ҶЦƷ쳣Ũҵɱݺأң
ֻҪܷߣһ˲䣬⣬ȫͳһ֫ۻ軨⻹ֹƷɶɵڸش쳣أڼʱ֮ڣûжֵ
һεǿƷʮ˸֮Ужʮ˽ŲȣѪʮ֮У߸شʧȥս
˵ûдӰģֻн˶ѣ
Ҿ״̬õˣһҲԺк죬ʲôˡ
һ˲֮󣬾һ˵ʶı˴˶һۣ˺Ȼ
ԭλ֮ǰһֱԼʵһֱԵһ̣ʩչʵ˲ʱһƾ֣
ѹһ·ôϣҪôߣôߣȫûаִûа㷴ԭ˼ǳأҪȵȫԱ룬еƾչŴٷˡ


571 ɱ
ǰʵͿˣУ֮ǰʲôһ١ٶġڼ֮סš˼ڹ̬̫ˣȻԷİ֯һһ˵
ֻǣ֮һֱʱʽһҷش˵ҪɱҲͬҪɱǣ
š
ⲻ֪⿴ȫ뷨ʵĴش
Ϊ
֮ǰҶЦɲǲֿıǱߡΪ˫ʵʵ⣡Ϊ˱⵱Χֻаյ˵Ԥȥ
ǻһΧҲҪѲƤ
ڵʱ̣ǵļƻ֮ҶЦеˣʼԼƾ棬Ȼʼնûв
һĹؼʮ˸ȡĺսԣ
˲Ϊɵ֮ľƣʹԶƹֱǿнô˿ҶЦΣ˵롭
ǡ
֮Իƶƹսԣȴ˶ϿɵսϾǰļʮˣΪǹ֮ƴűҶЦһ򾡣
ǰ֮ǰ˭Ҵս
˵ˣ˭֪һ棬Ȼһ¾µħһꣿԼϵġ޵µƣ
ռ˹ֻ˵Ҳ¾ڣ
һȥҲôϣ˼ȴ˳Ȼķˡ
һоͺǹʹţʮ˸ù֮
ҶЦƷ񷴻ġһȻͬʱҶЦӣȻһЦ֮ƮȻ𣬱һ̣˿˲ͳ˳ȥ
ֻУ
ҶЦĶڵһʱ䡰ˢһݳ
ȴͬһӹأŵƤһʮɣ
ۡ
߸ȫûκϰеش߸֮˵ĺһ͸͸Զ֮࣬أԴһ˿˿ϸѪ漴͸ҶЦӷеĹ켣βȥ
߸ԭλþҶЦܷɵӰҲ˼ʸûκεĵʮ˸˲ɰΧȦÿռһķΧ΢ʱ̣˾ģҲԮġ
ֻôһ˲䣬Ϣʧˣ
ҶЦһΪԱΪȷһʧֱӶħ룬ö๦֮߾ʬҲ˲ɫȻ󡭡ʼãڻ
ҶЦһ֣öͬ۾һ鳲һģУҶЦԾڷɳ۶֮С
ͺһӹ߸˰صķλŹ;񱼣
Ķʮһ˴˼ʷʼ
ԶĶ淽߸˸Ϲʱ߾ʬԼٶȸܻ˿ɾɲĲĿ֮ǴĿģǣ˲Լͬһ飺ˡ߸ֵ˷֮Ķ֣쵰ϵ滹оʬڸã̫ˡ
仰һǴ󼫣

׷ٶԣɵûһ£ŲȻȻľ
ôҷûп
ǡô˶
ǶִӺζ
ѵɱߵöֶΣٴξˣԾԵʩˣʩչϢ
ôһԲȥ˾ͷƤ飬̸ʲô׷
ҶЦҲһ˲ĿյŵƤһȥɣ漴һƬ·ߵĹľʧӰ
ܴᣬأľսĶʮһﻹ˵ü׷ɱҶЦղűƷĿֲоͷǵһ˻߼׷ȥǲɱˣǱɱֱӾȥ˼Ͳˣ
˵˼ڻһӰٵĳ
ΧһأĿ߾Ѹٸڻĺɫʬ壬ȫĬȻм߻ѪɫȻ
ʮ๦ͬ񹦣ϼƶʮ޵ľܴ󣬾Ȼȫûóֱȱһߣ
ķ֮һ֣ôûˣ
춯صͬԼУˣ
ҵʵᡭ
⵽ʲôôԵͲҽӽͬʬ壬ֻǸһξԶԶš۽ǵļⶼʶ
ʬĸٶȼΪѸ٣̵΢졭
һ̣һŵζڿнӡ
֮裬Ȼǵĸ󻼣Ϊ׵İɫأͫţ۽Ǽ΢ţ˫ѾעĲղɱôɣӴ˽գ
ǣʮˣͬʱصصͷ
ֻоһͷһֱ˽ġ


572 ֲˣ
źϹʮλΧȴһȫī³սڽ֮󣬾£
ͬԶʮ޵˶ս֪ȻȴȫȻ֪ȻֻƾŴĿ÷֮ԺָϮɱǧɱֵɱֿе֪֮Ĳֵϸڸ˿УϤ֮սճ鱦֮ǵʵǿᣬһ춾һսöɱ֣ȫī
ֻǣЩȴǵ;˵
˽֪;˵ġ
ԣõЩ鱨ʱЩȴǺܲмܲΪȻ
ʵǿ᣿
أ
ǿᵽʲôز
У
˵һ˲첽ϣ˭֪ûʲôŹ֣Ҳ֮ǻᰵʲôһȫ޷֮ˣδزܳ£
ҾͲ͵ܱҵȸǿ᣿
ö֮˵
ߣȻڵָ䶾ɱǧɱ֣öɱ֣öַ˵õǲĨɱģǣȻ˶ƥ֮޿ɿֻҪҵȲսöᣬкʲôô
ڶʮڽӵϢ֮ĵ׸ûнµʲô£
ʵϣҲҲˡ
ںϹʮλ۷θǰ仹ûʲôܹһֵ֮ǣ
˵ǻռͬһư
ǰֻնɱλ֮֮ȥͬԣ
ʵϣѾСĺСģѾĸ߹֮Ϊˣǰȵ㣬ȷϷ֮豾Ϊɱ֣÷֮Ȼо֣֮صսս֮ܵж̬ȫԤڣ
û뵽ĽǣһжԼƺõ·߽УȴһͷԽ˱˵壡
ʮ˾õս壬ֻǱԼ˵Ĵ
Էһֱ̣һֱͣһֱյУһֱȵܹȷԼȫս֮ͻȻ֣һʤ
˶ļǵãԷǷͻȻԴݿ֮ƾֺɨ˲䣬Ŀֲ
һֹͣȻɱ
һ̣Ψһ뷨ֻйȥһ;ָо
һЩµֻǹɾƾܽԼѹʺ
Ȼ󣬶ԷͶˡ
׺һĶˡ
ֻһ
öʮ֮һӼԱˣ
ȻԷֱԶȥ
ѣһŭХ
ѣһ־һɱһɱ
һ֮󣬲սԶǧʼսȨεԼ
תۼ䣬ʮһ˾ȫеĹϣһ⣬뵹һ
Ķ֣ʲô취
֮ˣֱ˵ʣ
һԶҲ޷սʤĶħ
ˡֲ̫
ǵģ˳ʵˣԵ֮⣬Ļ纣ΪӪҿԶԣ֮ǰ֪ǵļƻΣǣȴܹڽӴһ˲䣬ʱƶԵķƻƾͼƣһԨ֣ʵͷǵ֣ȫƾ֣㸲ȫ̡
ǵġһεķȻϬѼǱģ˳ƶΪ
ǱģġֻΣһȻĵΪ˳ʳ⡣
Ȼȴ˵Ĭ
һ仰Ҳ˵
ֻоķһɹɺӽŵðһֱ嵽ǡ
ǵģȫļвУѾˣô
˵仰ˣֱӱԼһ֮ˡɵˣ
ĸ󻼣âڱĸ󻼰
ú
һ˳ţ˵ν֪֪˰սʤ֮ǰֻ֪мȻҲеǷ֮裬ȴʼձһ֮ģܹ֮֮Уܹ֪ˣǷ֮裻ۼ֤ΪԵ˫ĶйթҲ˫ֺɨһеƣҲµһĿκһұƺģУܵòķڷ
Ҳһ̾Ϣ
ǵģĵУʲôģ˼ҸһͻԼʮˣ
˵̾һΨһϧǣһֱ߸ˣȻԾûʵʵʲôӵģ˼ʱֳʵǰ˳ɣɣֻأ
Ȼ
ǵġ
ΪֹλȻѾǽͷöбȴûչκһʵΪ
Ϊûиκս


573 ǿʵ
λĿǰչֳսȻǿɾɲȻʵȫ¶٣Ԥϣĵ׻һδ֪ʺţѾ˿ֲķ֮裬Ȼӵиӿֲս
Ѿɵʣǿֲûˣ
ڴ֮ǰ׷ٵǻᣬжϣλΪҲǸոմﵽԪΡԣ֮ģҲʱʼҲΪ֮ģע˴һ̿ʼһεĽ֣һĿֲˣȻĴӣܲǸ·
߳˵
ȫǲĵͷһ㣬˭޷ϵģ˵ʱĶһͷ
֮£ǱܵжϣʩչôȻԪֻȼǱ
쳤̾ȴˣһ˵ԪλǱô޴ȴôܹԪ۷ǿ߶޷׷ϵأ
ǵڶԶ׼ȴ˾δľ޴󣡡
һ̣ʱǾӦʶԷԷϤ˾һҲѷɫǵ۷֣
һԷͣ£ǵսҲȫϣ˺϶ΪһĴУҲһк޻ʵʵӲƴתأǼܴ
ΪԷһֱڵȴȴžһеĵ
͵˵ȫ϶ΪһҲɷָʱ򣬲Ż֣һγ֣ȴܹһشˣ
ԣǵıɱƳֵ˲䣬ԷҲ˲䣬չϬƷɱƶײǿʤУ޻٣һ㣬ƴҪգĵײ֪ΪȲʤȯʵԷгȲʤȯ
һģһ£̬ʧ⣬һ֮ҷɱĳɣ˵λϷʱԺֻһƬհףŸλҲ˰ɡ
˶ǿЦţһͷϿ˵
ԷᣬƳɱ޵еĶһָ֮ɱҷ߸ˣȻݶȥ
˵ţͻȻĿһһסˣƺеʲôԾĵط
ԣԾϵ˵λʵʵܹһ˾ͳҷʮ˵ܺͣˣʲôһз˵֣ȻռơʤƵֻҪ£ǿʵһɱһ򾡣նݳ󻼣֮ʵǿ˹ҵͬƣּȫԱܴҪԶǧô
һ˲ҵڡ
ֻһλʵʵȻǿǿ˷֮еκһܹƥеĸ߶ȣҲһɱ첽ϵԭ򣬵ʵȴҲδڸߵǶʮֻҪǿĳ̶ȣ㼱ߣ˵ͨ
˻һ˽ؿ˵ɣڳʱǷ֮Ϊո˵ȫûнҵȷϣҪǵʲôϷһҲΨƶײ֮ʱǹȻ⵽˷ɣ൱Ĵˡ
λ״δܱǺö٣˸Ҳ˵ĲӣϾǵͬѰзɱȣǿǽҵȶʮ˵ȫΪȫһռзǲϸҲ϶ϽӲǵͬԣԡ
Ψ˵ֿΪ
Ľһ²⣬ڣλѾˣȻȫɥʧսҲȻ᧿Σ
֮׷ȥʤ㣬ϣһ˳˵Ȼ֪ûʤɱǣô˳֮£ʤͱǵģһϵʤ㣬ǿģ
ľʵ֮£Щˣڲ֪֮и˳ƺԼû
ԭᵽ֮ʱ򣬶ֱֻ߸ɴԡǹǸСˡĸ˵ƴ桭಻һ㡣
ڣ˿̣ᵽԷʱȴǲĽƺıɾƣ
Ϊʵ𺳣ܹȡ٣ܵҶǲáģߵز
׵ǿߣ̬áֻԼ飻ǻ߳ȴ޷ϿɶԷ⾪춯صǿʵ
ΪⱾǽصĶ
ǿߣ½λص£
˵䣬Ŀת߾ʬ壬̾˿¼ȨҲصŸλֵʬˡѾûҪˡ


574 ƹ֮
תͷȥֻ߾ʬѾڻΪѪˮѲ
ëͷҲˡ
˾ؿţֻ﷭岻ѡ
ʲô
˵İԵ
ȻϬʬҲû˵ĳ̶ȣ
մȾһ㣬ֻ±⣡
ȥҷ֮裡𣡡
ĿԹ
ߣ
׷
ˣǽŲأҲǳ֮
ȥ
ʱ׷ˣν緢磻˼߻ȥʱÿһȴǧ֮أһֲԸŲŲֻӦ˵̧ŵƣ۸о
Ǵ嵽飬оƣۣ
ĵˣ˭ܹ־磿
׷ɱ֮裿̸ף
ԷȻˣѾת˼ҵٲǼֻҪԷҸطһأ˭ҵóٳԼٶȶϵʱ˭Ķ֣
ղŴûڵһʱչ׷Ѿͬɥʧѵļߵлᡣ
ȻߵԼ˸ɣȴΪֵʬ
ʵÿһ˶֪
ⲻһǿо˶׾ԸƵ߲ˡ
ɱˣעû취ʬĽ֣ѾѪˮҽʲôʬ
ءŲӳصĸԭֻУղŴѾ׺һһ˵ӣ
Ͳ׷
ȻٶһɣѵڸԼ˵ӡǷ֮ʵ

˼Թߵ֮ƬľԵʱ򡭡
ͻȻ䣡
һ󼱾𵴣ƺʲôһӷɹ
Ƭռ䣬Ҳƺһ˲Ťһ£
ֵɥʧ˾Դһ
һĽǡǰ߸˷һ񺿣Ե漴ڵϿʼʹķ
֮ʼϵļͱɫ
һ˵ȼ״޲ͷƤһը˲ʱɢֿ׷׳ʣɫԲ԰ס
ͬʱһƮӰӹľԺһӶ𣬱׺׳죬һУߵâٴ㺣һ㣬һһԶɻص
Ҳ̫˰ɣҵôãý֮ʱýʱ򷴽벼ɱң治֪˵棬ǰ׳գеһɵĮ˵
ĿͬɳĮ֮еͺһ㣬Ŀǣһ֮
鱦֮裡
Ȼûߣһֱš
һγ֣Ǵλ۷ֵ
ĵ׿ŭѣ֮裡Сˣֻ֪͵Ϯ㣬ֵģһս
УٺһЦһսƾһҲҸҽа壿Ҳˣ
䣬Ҳƣֻˢһλͬ쳤磬Ӷȥ
ۡ
ʮ˵İ׷׻˿մλӰȴٶʧڰɿ⣡
ͫ׼Ϊǰɿ⣬һƬͰĹľ
һղһ֮֮״
˿̣ո͵Ϯ߸ˣӽҺֻжֻάƬ̣ȫֹڵȫȻˡˣˣӣٿʼã
ǶУˣ߸ûˣ
ʮ˻£ᣬ־־壬ĵײӿ֪ԡ
ؿųϦദʮֵܣôһһĵȥӣҪòҲԣʬ޴棬ƫƫԼΪˣȲˣ𣬱
Էƻ֮
Լս
ֻһζĶڰ㣬¶ɱ伫ƹ֮ӰΣ
ԶԷǿʵΪ̣˶ڰж˸ûзĻᣬᶼ΢΢ֻǱȴţһһıɱ
Է˵Ҹòս棬Ҳǣ
ʵˣ
ʮĸ˿ֵǲҲ̶õʬ壬棡
һ·ȥֻǳǣֻľ룻ĿǰҴЩˣߵûȥ
ԶһƬľڷҡҷȻ֮£ҲһƬӰһƬӰյ֮£һˬ֮أȻУȴһ޷ƥеĶħɭֲڣ
ޱ߿־ͷϵ˫ؿ־壬ѾڱıԵ
һɱ߸ѾɱΡ
ʣЩˣɱΣ
ͻȻ
ܲˣɣ֮裬־ͽҵһ߰ɣһ˿һͻȻһεĹӣһһƬľ˹ȥ
ס֣סְҪ嶯ߴʧɫ
ǣѾֹһ嶯ˡ


575 ণ
ʱΪ˵Ŀ־ŭħ״̬õġ嶯ݣôȫʩչһ֮ͳ˹ȥһƬľĿҵڿնڿлһƬƬƬ
˲ʱݻٹľ֮࣬أԻڷĿɱޱߵļУһݺύ޾Űһ·ǰ
ǣȻ㾡ȫƺպգʵȴǿŴ򿪣ֻҪ֣ͬΪ֮ôһҲ׻ɱ֮ǣ˼лһǿ죬Ȼûѻ
ûнɱ
һĻʮͬʱסˣȴΨʧæ׷ȥ
ھһƬľʱֻһƬȻһӣȴʲôûС
ǸֲķòƸû
ͷƤһըη֮ĸ
ôأ
ħܲ˰ɣ
һ·ϣ˽֣һΪʱתһɷҲƵļٳʮĸˣ˵ǷলľԱĶǸ֮Ĳ֮洦ɱ
һ·ĵԼԼŷˡ
˴ǣһ·ǳͷβķƽ˾Ҫ˵һûһ˵һֱȥ˳ǳǳǰԾǲˣʲô˶ûС
Щ£֪ԡ
ڣվڳǰǵ԰ˣȻһʱ䣬Щʴӡ
ƺûɱɱʵһֵþϲɵһϡ¡

ǳǳűʮĸŵɵһڳŷ򶫳̲סҲƣڳͷϺιʮĸˣʲôģ
ɲֹ˷লľԱ᳽ǳǵسǱʿͬķলľԱ˼ʼֱֳУ磬β
⻹ǱʿģʮλԪ߽ʿǶǵֵýҪԪ߽ʿеεɫ⻪ǵһʱ쾯ǳǣ
ʮһ仰Ҳ֪ôģͻȻ˾һһȣתܡ
ˢһܵӰ١
εâ˸֮࣬䡱һûӰˡ
űͷ૵⼸ܵô졭Ƿ˰ɣͻȻһ飺Բۣ⣡ѵԪ֡
ɲ֮䣬ǳűֱӳһ亹ɫŵðˡ
Բ̫ۡˡҪɱңָͷԣһϻҪ򵥡ҿû漴⣺ôԪ־ۼһʵͬСɣΪɶҪܣǺµ˼㣬Żӵľʧ룬ʲô飬ܹôԪּŻҪųӣѵиݵĽɫǣ
ţԼëȻˡ
ʣҲλűⲻţûͨÿÿһ亹ȴֱԼǳ˶
Ҳʱĳĳĳһ죬һʮλԪ־ôŵĶӣ˭ܱҺݡ

Ҵʮĵˣ
ҶЦû
ʵϣھһ˵ս֮ҶЦ֮еռɱȻȻǾȺУƥʵĳӰҲ൱֮ġ
ޱȣʱסҶЦĵԪʹøδδˣҶЦȻҲҪشֻܴбͬԶʮ˸صķݣ
ˣҶЦ״Ҳòȥ첻ֹ٣ֱҪתҲƣ඼ģƺʱѪĿܡ
Ȼᣬһνݼšһûӳɡ
ҶЦľ˷룬ͼһ˵ǣҶЦǻѡĿǶԷأ޻ܶˣ
һ֮࣬ҶЦΧ
ȥʱ򣬿νѾ;ƿݣӳԼٶȣȫ룬ԲЩɸֲ²һġݶȥô
ֱǱ
ݶȥôҶЦǾԲᡮݶȥģҪնɱģ
ҶЦΪ顣Ψ˲Żʱߡ
һ㣬޶ȵķ룬Ҳֻöѣ
ͬԼ˵ġǡ
ܹһȫɱҶЦﻹС桯£
ԸôԪ֣ȫͬڶԸͨˡ
ǶԸһˣҶЦһԽһٶöȫ˲䷢ȥܹ֤ն
ԸԪ֣öͬӦߵУѾޣΪ˾ٻһͿյﾭе
Ǵ˿޾ռԳԷ֮࣬ҶЦվŵδάֺܾã
ߣûаԥ


576 ҩ
ȥ֮󣬶ܸоԼŲ鸡еԸ鱦ָû뵽ԼһξطȻЩһŵˡ
ȻǱΧʬ岻ˡ
ôʲô״
ҶЦһﻹʲôⲻ⣬Źɵأ
ȫԸ̺޾ռ֮ҶЦԪָνƬ̣ͻָ࣬У˾ĵŻָͬʱҲڵǰͬʬһԼķ߹
߽ҶЦٴηö룬ݺݵĽǰ߸һɱۻһԼոջָٶȫգ
Ȼǰһ㣬ݶȥ
һβġݶȥ
һȥֱӵĻؼˣ
Ϯɱضģһжȴ
ΪǰǻľضѾȫɥʧǡ
Լһζ̰ʤ֪䣬ٹʼʩû׼Լùʱˡ
ԷʩʩȻֱӻؼҡ
ȴলľԱǰ֡
һ·֮ϵеĹľеܹĵطȫʮλԪΪƽأ

һ·ۣڻص鱦󣻸ողŰδһĵڡ
Ȼ
ҶЦȻεԳȣʼٳ飬ŶȻһ֮£תͷȥǽ䱸֮ɫ
ֻһ£񻣬ݾ£üĿ续绪
֮㣬
ףôˣԷȫ䱸ʾЩ⣬ٿϣе糾͵˼ϸֱ棬ȻǷս֮Ȼɱûȫɢ
֮
ովһսüɱһ
֮Уǰλǿ֮صĹؼԼ£Ҳܳµģ
һ¹ϵܷصĹؼ
˭ʱԷֻ֣ҪƸ¥֪ˣܶԷʲôʲộᱻܲˡɷ˵նɱȮ
֮Ƹ¥½ΧչȫԵΧˣ׷©֮㡣
κһ£
ڣľһһʧ
ǸжʣһС©֮ҧ˷һô죬ᵣģһȾ˿Ȯô죿
ԣɴһһֻҲˡ
ҶЦҲûɶ£˼СëѾɱˣƵУ
ʲôˣĿεĲŵĺ˺ߣڴ⼸ˣ飬Σգ˵ʲôˣʲôʵʲôֻҪǶвҷԼʱָɵǵһˣһնݳκκ󻼣Ӧףʱ˿̣Լ£Ҳǲϣеʲô⣡
һɫŮĿУɱڵ˵硰ɵǣնݳκκ󻼣ĻҶЦĸоǺܹġ
Ǿ䡰Ӧףʱ˿̣Լ£Ҳǲϣеʲô⡱ҶЦЦԷǣ仰ƽ˼ˡ
ҶЦȻ֪Է˼⣬ȴ˵
ϾҶЦԼİ
Ȼֻ֪ҪԼ˵ˣͻʹһݣ½Զĸǡ
ȴ˵һ˵
Լ飬Լ˲Ԯ
˵ˣҵĶֶͷǶɱˣһôĥ似ôٵΪ֪ǽһսֱҴԪƷԪƷ
ͷĥ£ġ
ŲҪƻ
ġǵԼ˵ΣգұȻԥĻˮ֮Ƹ¥֮ȥġҶЦЦЦ
ԲΪ֮ᡣ
ǶڱʾԸְæˣһæ̬Ѿŵ㹻˺òã
ɶһȴһƬı¿ηΡ
ȻҪȵˡʱ򣬲Żᡮˮ
ʲô
ʲô˵
ǡ
֮ߺߵضһöռָû˵һƱ֮⣬ٷϣǧƿҩ½ĻռԤƵ죬ֻһǧٷݵ
Ȼܹռô죿ҶЦĵЩˡ
òƽ磬˲ŸմԼ뿪ɣ
òƻûйȥʱɣȻͻôࣿ
ʲôЧʣ
Чʣ̫ôľ˰ɣ
ǷƸ¥ǧҪıЧʣ˵仰ʱ򣬸߸ߵͷǰƬ½ϵ£ֻҪҪģǾ̵ʱõ֣һҪǱʱɣ
ģҶЦĿһ֪Ƹ¥ܴ򣬵ѰҩϾȻҲôţƣ
һ̵Ŀ⣬һ⵰һɽ


577 ջ
Ȼ̧ͷŵĵǵȻôʵȻǰˣѵ㻹ʲôɵô
ҶЦ֣۷⣬һ˷ܣΨпôһְֲ˼˵ţţǿ϶ҪŵģˣǼȻͨҾʲô˵ʲôˣģĳи֮룬С¶ڷƸ¥ֻСһ֮ͣ練ƣڻ¡
ԶʱЩɵۣ
԰⻰Ҹղžôһ˵ѵִţ¶ˣ
ȻֻλһϿҡ۽˵㿴ǱЧôߣôǲܹЩĵرЩ滨Ҳ˳ЩɣЩɶĺòϰ
Ĵ۾עĳ޳ܵˣ
һʱ䣬֪˵ʲôźá
ֻоͷǧֻѻɷɹ
ǺǣҲ֪С鷳ǲ˼Ҳ˵ˣǷƸ¥Щ׾٣Чǽһ߰Ҳˣ˵ˣǲЩֻڴɽ棬ǵɶ˷ѰҶЦ˵ܹǶôõ鰡ڹЩҩĪ°
֪˾ﾡãҩҲҪ˲Ŷ԰
ҧгݣûЧʸ߲ǵ£ƾʲôңʲôô
⻰˵ļˣ˭˭˰һʦ˰ϲľĵر滨ˣЩжҲģġ
ҶЦΪһʦֻҪһЩҵͻܺãһãľͻǰȻҲͻܶ࡭ˣ׹ӵĶ񵤣һЩ֣˵ԲԣأҪ鲻áʲô˼ɣ
ʱоԼġ
޲һȭϣ
һﻹܸܲ޳һ㡭
ͻôȻĵҪЮ˵ĲƤ
Ѿ֪ûбҪЮˣû뵽Ȼһ￪
ǣɵǣҪЮҪЮ˰ɣˣΪ˹ӣˣ
ҪʲôأǿԱ
һҪĲ̫֣ҡҾˣ
ҪʲôУһ仰˵ˣҲǺޣʲô˲Σ֥ѩڰꡭָͷһ˵ʮꡣ
˸ȥ⻹ޣ
ûУŭ
ѾǽǷƸ¥Ѱˣ
ûУǧҲУĲޣЦ֣ơ
ҧҧҧҧǻŭһѹѹͨ졣
ǺǣǸܹЩŪҲǲҪġҶЦɫ˵蹫˵Ƽ鵤Ȼ쾳ҲǾ˵ƷѰĵ񵤣ϴ衢ƽԪ֮Ȼ﷨ۣλ׵鵤أǱʱܹ͸λＸſѸ˻Ԫ鵤ΡλһϵΪûʲôȤǣڿ˻Ԫĵ񵤡һǸ߽鵤Ŷеôɡ
ɫһû˵
ʵҸղҩȻΪңʵδΪ˹롭˵ǹܹѩѰĻҶЦ˵ҿԳŵλ뿪֮ǰ͸λƷ񵤣ǿΪŮƷ
ʲôЧ񵤣÷ţһ䡮ΪŮ󡯴
Ƽפյδ֪ǷܹƵǡΪŮ󡯵λƷأҶЦ˵ƼפյûʱЧƣֻҪһţͿԱ֤һղϣһ绪һԶʱ⣬ΣܳƵƷô
ɽȻĿ⣡
ǳȣУ
ȷˡ
һղϣһ绪һԶʱգ
κŮ˵ֹλƷֱӾħ䣡
ֻҪ׳еɫŮ˶˲ʱ
ңҪȸԾûа㷴С
Ѱ飬Ҳ޷ˣľ
Ȼǳˡ
һصؽ磬Ȼ֮ӣ£òѧʶݵλʣЩҹ׷Ĳѡ
ʱԼ˵׻Σ
⻹ȫû׵顣
ΪŮˣԤδΣУԲܺӡ
ŮΪüݣ˻صòΨһõóֵģҲֻ鹫Ӽǧֺ˰ɣ
һ񡱵ȫ̰ˣ˵Ͷˡ


578 ǣ
ĸҩҲҪЩƷԽԽãԽԽã˼׵ġЦеģһƥѾɹƭСõĴǡ
׵ģĺˣǷƸ¥ռ£Բʧĵ
漴һ䣺ǸǵƼפ񵤣ĳ
ʲô֮˵󻰣񵤶ˣפյաҶЦĵ˵ֻأҪõƼפյؼĻѩҵǾһⶼûˣѩʵط㹻ǸÿţҲǴ´࣬˵ؼʵϣף
ˣÿһҲ㹻ˡһЩ죬ԺݺݵҶЦһۡ
ԣԣһһž㹻ˣȷʵǡҶЦһʱĿ࣬ٹƬ̲׹
ŮֶֻҪһפյҲ㹻ˣҪôʲôʵ𣡣
ֻҪѩȷУз⣬أԲĵ׷ʵ
ȷ϶һƶҶЦʹͷĵ±֤

ȷУУ۷Ź⣬ʡ
ȷ϶һƶʹͷ
ֻҪѩһУ׷ʡ
ұ֤֤Ͳַˡ
̫ˣôأ֮࣬ſʵ
Ϊ˵޳ȻûޣڳŵǺܿء˵ҲҲûܹŪȺöˡϾ񵤶ŪˣפûѶȣ
ˣ
ȻˣЩ
һ㣡Ҳó
ã
ŮϷ⣬۷Ź⣬һ˽
׹аңңһҧ䡢òƺصŮˣһΡ
˵ĶȻüνġܡ
ʵЩΡ
˼ֻƾյפյûʵʸأͰѾͷ÷ˡǷ֮ĽƻգֻռһԴ֮ܽĵ񵤣ɵͷռ˶ôıһ㡭
Ůô׵ĳ֪פ񵤶Ů˵ǱκζҪصģµĲƸȥҲǺԥ
Ůһ棬ûʲôɽ
ʵҶЦפĲһСѾͷҹµʦλڵǻᣬҶЦܹ뵽㣬׳Ů˱ɱҩĻĪ˵ѩʲôģһλNλԴףǶǱضˣ
׹аԿЦȴҲֹ˰ɣȻصѾͷûлˣͷһѰɣ
˵СףǸ׼ʲôʱټһأаʵ
ǿ϶ġ׹ЦЦڣڡմ˵ң¾ͲǰʨӴſˡ
аԲȻ⻰ô˵
ֻҲǴתһ룬Ҳˣ㽫ɶ֣ͬ㵱Ķ֣еǰ˵ʲôҲǰ˼ӡƵġ
ȴһ¡ΪϾûг档
׹΢Цˡ
ֽ׶λۡԣһϼʱ䡣˶٣ȵʲôҪʱȻ档˵˵ģҪĥ£ȻǶ̫СȤʵʱҲһȤ
֮񵤣ֺγһ̶ȵʵУ׹ӹЦЦ
˵ţվϦĬһ£չһЦŶ񵤣Ч
ûĶ񵤣׹ӵͽ֮£Ͼ˵еƷ۷֮Σ֤ΣҪһ֤ʵȻ
׹ӷµҩʼа仯ҩʱܵ⴫˵鵤棬˲ʱѹڵ֮ȫݷ׹ȻתԪȴѼʱָж
֮Ķ񵤣Чһ˹
Ƿ֮ƵĶЧãǻҪǵԭơƺȴ˵֮еĶ񵤣ҩЧǿа̰һЩһ;ϻмˢӵġ
׹ЦЦ˵ˣ治ô̰ġԺ֪
аü˻̰Ҫô̰أ
˵ֶһļһӵˣôƽ޹ʵ̰
׹һûйƴĻʱлرңǷݻرǻᣬһһġ


579 ã
аƲƲ죬ΪȻˣҲŲأ֮⣬ʲôܹҴһ
ҵ۾ῴģа׹Ӿظ϶һῴģ
ҿ˴ῴ
ҪҪİаƲƲ졣
ô׹ӵ
ͶġаһҪˣͽǺӽҵĵ̸һ䡣ҪˣһǳᡣΣ
׹Ҳ룺ˣ
һΪ
׷
žžž
ֵܶ˻£˶Լ
ƺĵþֻһһ⡣
ñ֪¶ע»ֱӾ
Ǻӽֵĵ̣һ䶼ķʥأ
ơҡͳͳڻ£
ȲλǶµľȨ󽫣Ҳδܹӵһ䣡
ǳᣬǼ֮ѵõܹ÷˲ʱӰǧΪȻһʱ޷ȫҲֻᴢڷߵڣԲΪ㣬ҩűĹѪ
˱Ϊ¡ֻжרãĪ˵ԣҪһۣǶҪĪԵ
עκһļֵþҶۣȻھͶӮ
ҪĹɲ÷֪ľ֣׹ӿаӲ׼ʲôֶΣҲ׼ʲôСۣ
аĿࣺҿʲôˣô
ҿʲôˣѵ㲻ô׹Ӻһб۾ĵĿаΪﻹʲôƷԣ
аͷɥҲҲҶ̣ҴСһ͸ôһΡ
һΣѾ̫ˡ׹Ӻһ½ѧһ꿴Ҿ仰Ǻеģԣǵʲôʱٹȥʮ꣬һΣҲǵ
׹ӿаһĵĵã
ã
аĿɿڴߡ
ģǲܷаҪˣֻ쵰ǰͱץסһСӣһע̧ͷ
а֮ڰ׳ǰ̧ͷԭ֣ǰ׳ղ˵֡
ã
ʵȫӦǣã
ڶǰ
һζģһΣǰ׹ˡ
˵Ķķܼ򵥣竹ǳõĶķ˭ܹһ仰ͥϵıɽЦһЦ
ʲôԣǣֻһ䣡
ľаӮˡ
ȻȻ˳µĽ˰׹İǳᣬ׳ҲΪ£ֱʵĽƨɴ˰˰꣡
ҲΪǳᣬаʳ֪ζ֮󣬶ǳһֱ
º׳ǰ˼⣬ΪǱɽ˺ųƱɽܱ״򶯵ģô꣬ûκܹЦһЦ
˴ģҲ֮еϷһŮҸӶѡⱾһ˶ӮöԼƽֶѣôаȻӮأ
ʱ׳ڿ˼һЦڳЦģȫⶼЦˡ
ΨǱɽûЦ
ֱ飬Ҳûбһ䣡
аֻ߹ȥƦƦĿ˵һ仰Ůð۹㿴˧˧
ȻɽЦˡ
Ȼ󡭡ǻʲôȻ󣬱ɽЦˣľֽ׳ˣаӮˣ
һ˵Ĳ飡
ĪӮĲ˼飡
׳˵ʲôҲ벻ͨλɽôΪôͼһ仰Цˣ
ڱԼĸһ֮˻ûþȥԼĸ󣬽ȴǱλֺݺһ١
һᣬΪǳᣬΪ
ɽаıãǰ֪ˡȻɵȥģҪǻӮǲǼأ
׳գ֮ǰȻ㲻Էĵ̣ܺȣͷβҶǳᣬλôôһ۵Ķӡ
һᣬѣ
Ȼ׳뵽аġ
ã
׳˲ͱˡ
Ƥֱӱˡ
ҵаĸۡ׼֣һѩ˺ޣȴܵȻһ仰˻адʣǵĶľܲЦݡǲ˭ıãòûϵɡ
бҵı£զûôأ
аһεˣթð׳̹ġ
Ϊƨɱ˰˰꣬ۺۣŸոջָٶȱ˰˰꣡
۸ۣ۵ʹ飬̹ܲģ
ֱ޷֮ʹ
£ȻǺ˳ΪĪ֮׳ԾǹڻаǶΣ
һˣ˳ʲôӣֻҪ׳˵֣аƿԣ
־ǣã
ԣڴ˵ġáȻྣȴǻҪϬʮһУң



580 δѣ
õٷҩģҶЦ˵ʱؼˡ
ҶЦţʱ϶ϲٶԼˣǸģҲδǸʵʵ㹻Ҳδ㹻ĵ
Żصңһ۾Ϳڷء
ǿͨѩ׵ĳͺϥϡ
СѾͷʱֱڷ
ǽҲһǧͻͽٶѾ쵽ܹҶЦоѹĵز
Դ֪ϾȻרŽɫԴ֪Ȼһ֮󣬱ͷֱӾһƴؼƣеһڳԳӵ˼
ЧԶ׼СѾͷĽĺܴ󣬶̶̼Ȼͺһ£ͻ˵ԪƷ
ᣬڷٵŵԪƷͦ
˵ֻ˵һڳԳӵĻСѾͷĽԲһڳԳ

ȵ붨Ȼһ۾ͿҶЦԼǰһ;Գ嵽ҶЦ
ҶЦ˿ȴڳ˼
Ϊһǧ϶Ǻ¡
ĲϽҪȥģʱԼߣĿӦЩδ֪ô
ҪδѵΡ
ҸһҶЦץһöָ
һöָͣͱʾϲʲôôƯ
ɲǵҽ÷ҶЦӽһܿ÷ۼһöССָȻԽԼƷȫװȥһ˲ʱȡɵľϲ
СѾͷϲ֮࣬ϰ棬װָе¡
һСѾͷһָĶȫ˳
ССûκʧҲ˴š
СѾͷҪһӦȫٶսȥʱȴͻȻһ£ʲô
ʮССƿ
ÿһƿ棬жٲһĵ񵤡
ô鵤һ۾ɵôģӣҲҪ
ôҪţȫҶЦű۾סԺ󣬻ʱһˣҲߣǸʱһҪעⱣԼİȫ
ǵƼĸ߽鵤Ԫ⼸ƿ֮УʮţԪ֮µΪֻҪһţȻ;ƿ֮ʱϢʱ֮ڣָȫΪ
ӵеԪΪֻҪţҲָܻ֮һΪ
Щ˵ģӦ񡭡
ǳضãԺͻƵʱ򣬿Էƽ
ǡ
ǡ
ǧҪס鵤ľЧãЩôáǿĵˣ򲻹һҪӲţڵһʱߣշϦʱٶȲԷ죬Էֵ֡ҩ˲⿪Ǳ㱬µٶȣһҪעʱ䣬ҩľΪٶȽһ͹ȣղָܻ
ҶЦ䷳һһֽ͡
ȴȫûע⵽һͣһߣۿѾˣڼһӡ
ôرס
ҶЦЩҩٿ࣬潫е飬е⣬ȫѾ׼׵ˡ
΢
ŷ˲ʱڻˡ
ıҶЦһʱĵĸжҸ૵ӣҲҪֿһӶҪֿòġ
ɵѾͷҲֿ޳⡭ҶЦ̾ϢһḧűͷɵѾͷ㽫ҪΪӶһġ
ԼСҶЦкᣬԼָϵĽָĻȻ
㱼䣬ĵͻһ顣
ĵǳҪӷֿ㽭˵նĪ⣬һ뽭йڣ˵ʲôʱͳˡʱҲˣ
˵С

ţͻȻһƬͨ죬ޣ޹䡣
öָһӣȡˣ
Ǽᶨ
˲ҩģҶЦȻҪʼˡ
ֻΣҶЦҪԵƶ񵤣ǵǰ֮أȰ㶨˵Ŀǰͷ󲿷ֵҩ֮ٷƶ񵤵ҩģҪŪģҲδòʧ
һԭǣҶЦȻ֪ܹҩĹ鵤ɵĶǵƼ鵤ȴһֱ֪ƣԼҪٻҩģܵõһҪ鵤
ǰζۣҪһǧݵҩģճɾͶţȻԭϴ̫ҩһԽ룬ƱػҳɵĻȣһԿ϶޿һҩľͳһ鵤бȻĳּΪ޴ģеֱյҪһҩľͳһӦĵƼ鵤ǲǴĲ
ڲ֪εֻ᲻ͻȻ裬ҶЦһֻӽȥһҩġ
ȴš


581 ƷƷ
ãռоȻǺ޷Ӧ
ָϣȻ
ȻǶһҩĿۣмһˣѾľӽôȻ֮
Ҫأ
ֱǳ˵Ρ쿪Բ
ҶЦ״һӵĺߡ
Ѿ쵰̽òãͲ֪ѾĵΣΣǲɲҪ˷ѲǣӿˣͲܸӣһҩҩô
Ȼһҩȷʵ˵㡭
ٳԵʮҩݽȥ
ȴԾһжû
òô㶫һǶĶֲмһˣͲ˷Ѿòʧ
Ѿθڻͦ󣡡ҶЦƸһѸɴһͶһٷݽȥ
һΣֻζһ£Ҳǡһ
ҶЦһϲΪˣ⣬漴ͼֲˣҲʧһֻصԭ㡭
ԾǸ߾ϣȻ
ҶЦŭҿҸҰǰɣЩˣҪҲûˣҪգҪ͵ȫĹˣɣ
ҸˣƣѾˣ
δ䣬ͼռھͻȻһ󼱼磬ݡһ֮ǰͶҩɲǼȫ˻һҡ
һſŵ񵤵ڵϡ
һɲǣҶЦĿɿڴ
ԭһֱֻҪõ࣬һֱǿšԼ˵仰Ƶжˡ
ҶЦһ棺һۣһˣҲǸġ
ɶ񵤵ҩĳɷ֣߲ߣȴ൱ƣռҩģݻ򶼼ΪϳˣЩҩķֽҲһ൱Ӵķȡòֺ
ûҶЦչ̣ӵ洵ֱӾͽһѭС
ռƽ˾ʱҶЦ롣
һ²ȥӳɵȥǱߣĳݺݵһƣ쵰ȻҸˣǲǼǳԲǴ򣬻Ѿˡ
βǲɽԲҡš
漴һ˳䡭
һɺֵܿòƻܰ˼ǣҪǲܳԵôࣿʹ˭˭ɵӣ㿴ɵô
ҶЦһĳ˵ˣҲȫǺ°ⶼѧᳰˡ
תעĿӿȥ״һϲ
񵤣
񵤣
ʶĿ䡭
ôɢϸһ
ֻһ塭ʮһţ
ֱǡ֮ϲ
Ȼǰó㹻һٶݵҩҩվֻʮһţҶЦѾǳ㣡ôܲ㣬ǵ񵤣һͨĵ񵤣˵еĶ񵤣
ǽʮһҲȥĻʮҩһţĳɵѾ̫̫ߣһ֣
˵½򣬾ǷǧǬֻҲĳɵʣ
ջĵ񵤣һſŵһŽƿ֮Сƿܶ࣬ǧȻ׼һƿһŵҩ
ҶЦô˷ѣ
Ȼǲƴ֣ҲúԴǣ
ֻҪװ¡һƿȥһٿҲǲеģ
ʵķǳһƿװʮһţջƿ
ͬһνµһţһƿĿš
Ҳ˵ŪƿӡҶЦֹţ˷ѣ
˳ռ֮ҶЦԽʣµٰʮŷҩһԶȫ˽ȥ
һȡ
ңȡ֮УȻһɺίĵζĳѾʲô˼ֲ̰ġ㻹ֶƭҡҵʲôˡѵҵƷ
ߣ˿ҵĿ
֪᲻˿ۡҶЦ޺޵˵˵һ˵ˣҴû㵱ˣʲô˶ûһƷе㵰Ʒˣ
ᱼҩٶȸ죬ȻǻΪˡ
ٶҩĵĳɵʮţ
ԤϵĲࡣ
׹ҪʮţȻѾҪˡ
ֻţ
ҶЦд󶨣
ʱҶЦѾо׹ǱҪôУ϶شԵʡǸ겻ɣ˵ں½ˡ
ǿɾ͸ˡ
Ƚ߾ȫ˵

ҹ
˯ǰҶЦÿı޹Σ״򲻶
һıƺЩӣһֱ̽ͷ̽ԵĿҶЦ˯ûС
ҶЦСѾͷ˵ģҲ֪ʲôĵС˼֪ʲô̽ͷ̽ԵģҪʲô
ҶЦ˼֮࣬ʶ
СѾͷһҶЦСͶʱܾСһಡһˡ


582 ˯ˡ
СѾͷԵҶЦҡҡͷЦһ
һùһ·ҹʱ֣һ죬ҶЦԾԼڵΪǰƽһ󲽣ֻҪٹ죬һۣͻԪƷʲô¡
ȷȲ֮࣬ģϴޡ
˵ԴҶЦרעùǰԼǸڷ࣡
ǰЦѾһˡ
ŹκʱֻҪʱͻڷܾѷһ
ǰİҶЦеĸоΪܶߣܻǲߵģ
ΪԶ죡
һ֮Զ޵У
½֮ϣ
ôͬ½λж٣ǰж٣
򣬻᲻аĳĳأ
ٻ򣬶֮أǷ񻹴ڸ
Щδ֪Զԡ
һ㻹ǿԿ϶ģѰߣں½ܺɨһƬư£ñξδܼңξĿǰʵں½УǸ߲ʵĴڡ
ǶϡҲ̫ߣҶӵϵҶ죬ԪΪξ׾٣ָһӼ䣬Ҷʵ򣬶ֻǶ֣ǲ࣡
Ѱ֣ͬγɺɨ֮㣬ǵѪϴɱִ߰˵֮ˣȻıȫʵҲδܹа߹һУͬǲ࣡
ÿ棬ÿ֮ô⣬칲ضݣ
ɣǿ϶ġ
ôλ桢ǿֲĴûУ
˭˵׼
ȻˣҲôǰɣ
ԣʲôΪ޵أ
ҶЦϿɵĴǣûУ
ûʲôز޵еģ
ѧ֮ûֹ
ڵԼֻǸո𲽶ѡ
ֻҪһ֣ѹԼ
ҪŽһĵԪǿߣͺԼϵҶͬԼ
̬£ҶЦôҲƴôҲŬ
˿ҶЦĽѾѾ죬ҶЦԼȴԶԶԷƱʵ
˵ƣڴϣҶЦн⼸췢ġ顢Ҫٴλعһ£ȷ˳ȫ˼ĸоƤЩأ˯⽥Ũ
ʱͻȻһϸĽŲԶǱ˽
ҶЦ۾СѾͷźһ߹Ȼס˺ҶЦЦ۾һѾ˯ŵӣſСѾͷҪʲô
ʵĳװ˯״һ㶼רҵûֹƽȺûУСѾͷȫûнǳúܣǾԲᱻôǳļƭġ
ǰǹŮҲƺԽԽŨܡ
סϢԱⷢκһϸ΢ĶǰƺϸĹ۲ҶЦƺԥʲô
ͻȻ΢̴ڣصĴϢһ£һ˲ƺǽŵòˡ
ҶЦƣѾͷôˣڸһ
һ̣͸оԼϵıӱһ㣬ıӳϸ΢ĳƺΪӵı˶ˣСڲͣţƲסԼҲơ
һ̣Сһƺĳ־ġ
ȻҶЦ͸оһ壬߶µĽԼıѡ
ҶЦʱһ顣
еһ˯ɲǼʧӰ٣ࡣ
Ȼ˯˿̵ķһƬڣֲָҶЦȻӲĵۣԾȻȫûв˿̵СѾͷȻ
о޹ǡСѾͷȻûд·
ҶЦ˲䷺һ򣬶ʱѪҺһӡˡ
ʵ̫ǳıֱ˿̣ȻԾûзҶЦ쳣ʵҲѹСѾͷѾͷѾߵҧ촽°Ѷ֮࣬۾һ㣬ȻҶЦıѡ
ѵСѾͷأԽֱڱԵ£ԼƵһЩλãϵĽӲԻ⡣
ȻСѾͷĵӣСѵʱ΢ЩЩ̫ˣСԴ͹ͷ
ϴ˴ܣԴСķͷϣСѾͷƺǿԷˣظˣˣҿүûѡ
Сľ͸˵ƻЩˡ
ΪԼΪеޱһأ


583 ˭͵㣿
ôɳô֪߳ܵ飬ҹ·һ˵ıѡȻǹӣЦ磬ǡ
ˣ
үػûأүƽʱǺİѵҸղŵĶ̫ӯˣҲԣҸղĺСĺСĺСĵģ
ҧ촽ӣĿ۽ҶЦȻ˼ĿڰСѾͷȴܼźƽܵȻף۾ţȣȻ˯ú졣
ճյעţҪָһ£ֲҡ
ĵ׼ЩҶЦȴֲҶЦ
ֻǳճյĴţҧ촽ǰǻ˿Ѿɵ˾⣬һʱȻȫ֪룬֪ʲôˡ
ҡҪһǻȥɡСѾͷĻҵȻ˿뷨
˵ţͺǿ϶Լ뷨ҪжۿҪӱȥˡ
Ȼʱ˯СҶЦƺ߽һʲô漴һһֻľʹ˹
ž
һ졣
ȵĴ֣ɲ˱ϸ֫ϡ
ʱһʱ彩Ӳ촽΢ţ״ҶЦߡ
ţӺûѣղֻ˯֮еķ
һжֻɺϣ
˿ȴѾ𽥵ĳֳ֮ơ
ڴʱҶЦϻһ£Ħһ£ƺĳ˯ҲоЩ֣ţӦǾ˯Ҳ룻ôʲôһ㣿
϶ǣҪȻ˯УôԼ϶
Խķա
ӵ֣ء£ͣԼӯķϡ
ʹͣסˡ
ͻȻգ峹׽ӲˣһҲҶɴҲҳˡ
ֻ΢ġš
ҶЦĺԾɺܾȣƽ
ûѣ
ֹƬ̣ķĻδƽֻҶЦٶͻأһһȻԼˣӼ⼸һ𣬱˴˺š
һֻ֣ȻԼϡ
һȣȻòشԼϡ
ˡ
ӾҲӲˡ
ʱˣ˲ʱ˴ӴĸоȥԼһȣᶨƵĿסԼϸ塭
ıḷ̌ѽΪͼƽľϧȫЧΨһôȴǽΪںڰˣǣܿʲôأ
ô죿
СѾͷһƬңȫȻ֪Լôˡ
ӵغ»˵㣿ղλñҪЩڡ
ôţȴȻ촽ƺĳӴ
һ˲ʱ뵽ӵ촽ҵ촽
⡭
ʶĽͷڡ˯СĹӣȻҲƶ׷Ƭ촽ʼԼӣ֮ϡ
ı¾ͺ˻һ㣬ϢҲѲΪʲôȫãһ˫ôģлͣţô죿ô죿
ǣȫûжԲߣȫ֪ô죡
״̬άƬ̣Լ֮УһֵĸоҲ֮𡭡
ҶСĵŰһҶЦȣȴûö
ѾͷȻˣھȫ뵽澢ΪֻۣҪ澢Ī˵һҶЦҶЦҲö˵澢һŮҲ᲻ҶЦһȡ
СѾͷȻԼĶ;أŬţ䡭ƺԼ촽бĶڶ
һֻоӵͷƺԼ
ţӲ˯ôôˣ
۾ȥֻԽգǹЦݣƺΡȻ촽ԼСϣͷһꡭ
ҲУ
һԭûѡ
СĶ׾ľܾţĶԼĶС࣬ˣȴǼţƶᣬ͵£˴˽˷ݡ
ֵңӽ쿴ˣô󣬾ʼҲûѡ
ģģоԼһǰĿʵӣһһ
Լ𽥵Ĳ԰ˣҪܲӭòƲˡ
ûѣռһرˣһأţͻȻСһţ߽롣
һĪĸоʹţԼС಻ٿ֮࣬Էزȥ
ΣӴһɲǣһ£漴ͳ⶯֮У𽥵ģȻøˡ
ʼҲ
źһĸ첲ڲţһѱסҶЦ壬ȴǽԼС촽͡ķ˹ȥģ֪ģͽԼ߽۵壬ȫ˹ӵĻ
ӻûѣ
Ȼûѣ


584 ܽů
ڡûѣ֪ѾռˣҲŶռΡ̬£Խˣ֪ƣԼ촽࣬ڡַԼˡ
С־Ȼڹḧ˼£һ¹Ӻʵؼı䡣Ȼһ֡Ůåֻ֪ôһ룬ӹ
ʲôʱ򡭡ӵ֣ȻץסԼǰġӯ
Ȼᡭţ
⡭
̵̧۾һڵ飬һ˫޵Ц⣬һĪĻ⣬ڿԼ
ѽ
״һԼԴһʱ޵ݣ㡭ɶʱѵģ㿴ʲô
Ļң˶ˣǸոʵʲô֪֪
ҶЦĻشķĻ룺ɶʱѵģһֱͶû˯
ѽ
һߵһס
һֱû˯ȫˣ񲻶֪ռ˵ˡҪˡ
ҶЦЦʵĿҿۿˡһƯƯĴˡҹġҵıһû·һڶˣå֡Ѿͷ˲
㻵㻵ˣ޵ݵСԴɴҶЦһĵ¡
ҶЦǺЦؿڵıܹظоůǻڣһЦ𶯡
һҶЦߵֱӲۣĪĻЩߣˡˣ󻵵󻵵
ҶЦ֨ˣɻЦףô˵ղǵᱡҵŮɫǵȥˣռ˾Ͳôҵ֮
ôһ˵߲֣һȭᰡ㣡
Ĵֻ˼ҹţ£ĨȻ˵˼Ůɫǡôռˣ㻹˼ͷ˵˼ҹռˣүզۣſڴƻƵĵͽӼٵѧأ
ҶЦȻһڱУѹϣ۾˸ΣյĻ棺СѾͷʱͳ㡭ҵġû˵
죬ͷȥҶӣĵߣҲŲ롭
ڲҲˣҶЦԵĵͷȥԼԼ˵ռȨһ˫֣ڱѩ׷۵ϣߡ
ֻоԼ·Ѿڻˣ̱ͬһ̯࡭۾ٵĽţо壬ƺƣһ˫֣Լ֮Уŵĳһ
ĪָоɽХľͽԼȫû
һֱ
ʹüĿϵҶЦ
Ҳʹ˼ҲǵһΡҶЦ֪ܵ˵¾Ͳʹˡ
šᶼ˳ɵĵͷ۾СȴرסҶЦĲӡ
ҶЦĽһɲǣһֻмһ㣬͵޳Ĳӣ﷢һʹʹʹˡ
ҶЦͣβϧȥϵ飻˾ôӵš
֮󣬱ƺоԼʹˣһԵĸоһʱоһζ̲סߵʵӡ㻹ʹ𣿡
ҡòǿЩˡҶЦüͷıţء
Һ񡭡ҲʹˣϢţߵĲ۾
ҡ
Ϊɶɶ˴ʡǧ֡

á
оԼѾȥʮΣڵȵ⡭
Ъ
ҶЦأԾطڱϣµľգһҸУȻ
⣬ҵŮˣ
֮УһŮˣ
ңУҶЦоƺڱ֮ڣһֵԼġȻʧӰ٣ҶЦĸоȻİȴһʶĸй٣Ǵ𡭡
ǹġʧһɾӱ֮ڣ𽥵ĵԼȻٴԼ淴ȥ
ѾһָͷܶˣҶЦЦЦ漴ڱϷš˯˹ȥ
ѾƣĲˣһ˯ȥ

һΡ
ƺһվŮעԼг˲ζ⡭
ҶЦҲһΡ
ûйΣʫ续ã
һһֱ˴͡
һ˲ֻоϳޱȣãȻԼϡ
ķ񣬶ʱ࣬ߵü޵ݣһҶЦȴûƶҪٳʱȴҶЦѾ۾
һ˫ӣĿԼ
ˣҶЦˣоԼһɳ嶯Ȼ
˵廹ڽʱ͸оĳ˵Ĳʧ۾ӡ㡭
峿ܹǵ궯Ӳܹ˰ҶЦε˵ţһѾɵס˱ĺ촽
̡һܾĻȻûü˵ڣľ硭ٴʡǧ֡



585 ջ
ҶЦ룬Ѿʱ֣
ֱһ̯һ̱ڴϣһָͷҲܶ˵ξء
ҪΪԼӸס壬Ȼû˰ֻ԰Ŀ⿴ҶЦ
ҶЦǺһЦǴᱡһһֱϸϸѵʱ򣬲ŽӸϣĳȥˡ
˿ʱоƣ˼㣬ϡ
̫ˡ˵ûü۽ǣȴ˵Ҹ㡣
һ֮ʣǸĺŮӣƺĵ׸֣ŭĿԼɪһ£Щ¡
Щ顣
漴ֱ׳૵Ҿڣ
ⱲӶڵģ
ǾĺŮΣã̾Ϣһٶʧˡ
ۼӲ٣һһľƣĳ˯ȥ

ҶЦһȥҪ߳ţͿ˺ξ
ȣ塣ҶЦЦţ˸к
˯ÿɻôξһ
һҹΣһþû˯ô̤ʵˡҶЦ˵һԼŵû
ξһߣһһҹΣһ˯̤ʵӶˣ㻹һҹΣĺ̤ʵô
ҶЦʱЩΣأӲѲˣ˯̫ˣȻ
ξһۣһͷߵˡ
Сӣװɵ㶵һѺ֣Բ˵

ҶЦٶȻ֮ȥ鱦˼׷ɱԼЩˣţβһݵĽ֮ȫء
ȻͿ֮Լǰ
졭ƺɫͦðЩ͵ĴҶЦ涼һ㡭Ǵջ񣿡
ҶЦɿһǰǰίʵջС
ʱϲüңջ˶٣ǲǶ٣šţѵţ
ҶЦȻ񵤣
ĵȷʵƳٵĶ񵤣˵ջɲǶ񵤰
ߣˣڸѾŮ˵ˣδµСѾͷûʲôͬˡҶЦţľʳ֪ζ̲ס´һ
㿴ʲôأʱоɲǼЩåܵĽ䱸
ҲĿǰڷ֮裬ͳǷ۹⣬һٱⲻ˵ģ
ڿڲ²ָҴ˶ҩġҶЦ治ɫȻһۣƤĺ
ߡһǸԣ
ӳһöָ
ҶЦһѽӹȥæоֻ治ƶ񵤵ҩģȻбĵر٣ɵһϲ
кöƿҶЦģоȻʮʯ
ʯҶЦʵ
ͶˡĵЩƸ¥еǣûõġ
ҶЦЦ̫ˣŻж٣ûбȻûˣԾͶҰɣͳͳҰɣҲ
һͷߡ
ô͹ܲסأǸܼŮ
û¶˵ɶá˵ʯ˵ʲôеǣûôҵ˵ʲôأ
ӿɺãҪƾձռһˡ
Щ˵û˵Ҳ١
͸Ҳ޷
Ƣྶͥϸ£Щ֡òҲҪλּۻһȻһ룬˷ǮôҲȫĳ
ȴ룺¥ٻǧڵʲôֶˡЩʯʲôģôıأôûã鷳Զ͸ˣ͵ˡ
רĵפյء
ºܴһ֣ôҲֵС֣û棬ǿûҲ˲һӣͶˣ´
ҶЦϲЩʹȥ
һ飿
˵Ҳоǧ飿
ǧ
ҵġ
̫Ҹˡ
ǺˬӢۣ鴫ҶЦĴָЦüüۣȻôˬ죬ôĳҲҴţһϣίʵջķᣬҪĶ񵤣棬ţ
Ȼô࣡
һεľϲֱǷģȻιȥȴЩȸԾˣ
һôʱôҩģһҲֻţһΣȻһţ
Ű
ңһһʱ䰡
ڿ
ٶȥﻹõ˰ꣿ
ֻһ¶ò˾ȫˣ
ⲻ֪ҶЦ˿ʮţ̫𺳣ûóѡ


586 ˼
ȻǵĲţдһ֣üЦŶ񵤣ĵĽҶЦĿһ١
Ȼüͷôֻƿӣǰο㼸ǧƿӡ
ҶЦòȻ˵ڼԼǾӼҹ֮Ҫ㣬ӼҹӣףһҪڼּңܹ
û˵꣬ͿˢһûӰӡ
˵ˣ
˵
ˣͨ˵̻ǺЧΣ
ҶЦǺЦ
ѾͷӰٵȥȥǷˣһܱ¶Σա
ţƺﲻԾأ
ջҶЦȻоƺʲôطԾĵط
ʲôôҸоôԾأҶЦüüɽ
á
ˣҶЦȻ͵һ֣ԭ֮㣬Ȼᶯ֣Ȼ֪ûΣգܻǸоһѹȡһֵָıֱȻơ
ǽ죬òûио
ҶЦվü˼ΪʲôûиоǱܷӦУǾԲҽѣҲᵱʲôøС˴ֻƼˮ֮ϵ
ƣҲû˿صġ
ô͸оءǡ
ҶЦһɫһ䡣
ԸһҪתͷȥԼС
ϥתԪչӡ
ΨһһֿܣԼΪˣһǴˣ
ԼϸոȻҲв׽ȣôҲ˵ϴ
Ĭˣһ˲䣬ҶЦȴһӾĿɿڴ
Уǻ纣ХһҶЦֱӲԼˣ
⣬ô
ǡ⣬Ϊʲôô£
ҶЦӲȣʵǳҶЦ֪еȻǰŨХȻγ֮ƣѾȥ񹦵ڶٵĳٽ㣡
ֻҪͻƣǾǰ϶нײΣ
ôܣҶЦǼǵһԼͻڶʱ򣬼ȫϣҲȼƵɫȻٵÿڣȴѾӽĳ̶ȣ
һżʱ䰡
ôҲܽôɣ
Ҫ֪˼ѰԪԪȵȫߵġ
˵ǽȻָͬ
ȻԪ֮;ͬ飬Чܺ嫣ԶԶͬնѰ߽Ԫζۣ׳ɾͣں½ȻǶΪΣڸλҲӽֵˮ׼ȻԶԶ֮˵ȴ˵ùȥʵΣȻ񹦵зΣȴֻ൱ڵһǻѡ
þô⣬ԶԶ˿ķ룡
ҶЦԲԼͻȻ֮ľ˽ŵһֻͨáһԼͻȻ俨죬һɾһɾѼٶֱ͸ϸȻඥ䣬һ·£֮Щδͨ˵ƽ׵ĹؿȻһƣ֮У
ҵģ
ʲô
ҶЦȻΪˣǰԪĳ֣ȴҲûоȿŵľ˽ȣ
һͬէҶЦţǹӿȵľŸղŵͷжͻأ𣬷ǵ˲ʱֱӳԪƷƿԪƷΣδţǲ˵δֹδ߸áֻǡ޾ݸΪУǺޱȳ㣬ڼʱڱѳԪƷȫɿռ䣬漴ھпٴת
գգ۵ʱ䣬ŸתѾХˡ
Ȼ󣬸תϢѸγµڵвϵؿٵ̻γһȫµģǿĳưԼ͵ͷԪƷ
֮УʼգҶЦһֻһ˲һûд߶ȻôɵǺǵվţڵչĳΪԭҶЦľֻԹ۶ѡ
ҶЦԪĳܹγΨһܣǾǣڵѾӯһֲؾͻᱬըĽ׶ΣŻˡ
ڵ״־
ǣΪʲôΪʲô״
òûɰ
˵ǵ̲ô͸õ
ﻹ񳱣
ڵʵǡԼûб壬ǵûбڴ֮ǰûаоǺܣǲܵĸоûУ


587 
ţ˵ȫûиоҲԣټãоǺܺúģ
ҶЦ˼⣬Ϊ˼˼ʱӿ޾ٶɽ֮ѹԪƷĹؿһ棬ؿٶȻȻ
񣬿ȻȻ˳£
Ȼľ£岻ȥ߳ñȽŲ
ƹؿʼƵһӵ룬һ֮ǰһƴͨԪƷȫͨ·ƺƵһ죬ٶȵĲϵѭѭ˾ʮŸ֮Եﴦ޿ɵ֮
ҶЦĿɿڴȫԼĿǰ״״̬֮У಻ĺԪƷչͦ
ԾǼᶨԾƲɵ
ǣԼһĪɵĺ˲ڻѸת˾ϵĺ֮У
ĪĺȻǿᣬǿᵽҶЦĸ߶ȣ
ҶЦһһĪԼ֮ǰʱӿԼڵ
ѵǣǡôôࣿôۿԴԴ˲תɵȻҶЦƿԡĿ֪࣬˵ʲôˡ
ʵ̫ˣ
һͨŮ츳ˣ⼸µ޳ɲףڵĴȻǡȵӴ󣿣
ֱǲ˼顢ȫĪ£
䣡
ҶЦǶȻһԪƷĹؿҲǹȻ̮
ԾûлѶʱ䣬ô쳣˳ͻˣ
ǰһУҶЦΨһĸоǣֱΣ
Σ
ȻΣҲûôĺΰɣ
Ҫ֪·;Ҫؿʵ̫̫ˣνѧţһԳȥļ裡
Լȴһ֮ڣ
׼ȷһӦ˵һʱ֮ڣƷ
һԪƷף
һеɣΪԼ𽵹
⡭ʵǡ̫ˡҶЦͣиеڣֻһζզ棺ѹô˿źҪϱԭȺôԭ֮ǰ˵ţժñӣΪ룬ԩ˼ˣ
仰Ǳģ»ݺݵһĭ
ξ˼ұˣҲ᲻мһˣ
ϱϱûϵ
˭ҵϱòҲҵô˵
ЩԲԵɺһƷĴʴӡɲóѣҲԾûҶһεջ󡭡
ʮ֮һٷ֮һǧ֮һЧҲδУ
˵ҶЦֻ֪ԹأӿȻĶһǿƳȥȻٶھ֮к¡¡γ
ҶЦ漣һĻޱ𺳣ȫȫȫ𺳣
ڡڽﳹ׳ﵽԳԪƷƿʱͣ
һشˮ
ƽ޲ҶЦ֮ʣˡ
һ̵ƽͣղŵĿ񱩣ֱˣͺղ޿񱩣ûзһ㡣
ʵϣΪ˵ҶЦʵȴѾ̥һľ˱仯
ҶЦ³һڽˡ
治һΪֱҳԪƷһٹ֮ǲۡ
Ͼʱ򣬾ζԼյĵزʱ߻ǲߣ
ǿһϾѵľ
ҿǸѡûг֣ʱҪգΪԶǣȴǽǣ
ҪŲһ壬ȴȻǲմʲôһ㣻һȴʱоһƬĩ䡣
漴һͬȴΧо࣬ơȻֱۡȫ¶ëĲо
ͷһֻԼȫһϸķĩ֮У±ƽͷƤмһ㣬ϣֱϣȫǺһ㡣
΢΢ںɫɫ
ҶЦ֪ԼôˣʶһȴǲӦ£¶ļ
񣬿ɲǱǻļ⣬涼Ѿ־Өɫ󣬱߹ʯһ㡣
̥ǣϴ裡
ҶЦһ
Լ״ҶЦȻҶЦΪˣǺϤģ
벻һػûͨһܹ֮ͨγɵϴѾˡ
һ֮Լɱ֮壡
Ļ֮Ϊ塯ΨгΪ֮󣬲ܹʽʼԪ
Ҳν塯
巵豹棬㿪ʼԪҲǡǰڵ壬һΣȻָûаۼ
ԣԪ


588 ʵã
ΪտѸԪ֮ϣΪʼδ̤һδ塱أԪΣһ
ҶЦȴڻûдﵽԪ۾֮ǰγˡ塱֮Ĳ죬ʵѰԱ
һĺÿ찡ҶЦԳһ
ԭһĵʼΪԼŬԵεĺãҪ磬һܹ֮ﵽѾǼȵܿɹ
һʱޣѾǲʵʵ룡
ȴû뵽ǣڻԵɺϵ£ôһĴˡ
ɵĳϣĪ
ϻȥ֮һҪѾͷʹʹܲһǵģ
ҶЦ죬ôţȻ֪뷨ʵʣǲ뵽
ҾôһǸо¸ȣЩƲסҪɶˣ
æľѹȥͻĳ嶯
ֲ˵ŮӶƤϣ¶ʳ֪ζȷǡҶЦٺһЦһɶ࣬Ҫɶжɶ
һ̣ĳת᳣̬ʼ鱦ճ
ΪֹŲʱѣûµϢ
ܹΪһʱ֮ѡɱ֣Ҳǽ֮ڶ֮ǰ̣ߣ鱨Σ·Щ鶼Ҫȫ׼һʧŻѡʱ֣
µһǹϵԼһƣ˭Ҵ⣿
֮£ҶЦһʱ䷴ԵúС

ҶЦ鱦ͻƵʱ
һǰӵѾҶ󽫾ǰ
Ѫȥξһʶһ㶡
ʵ۱µ
ξɲǼЩ񣺴ɲڸУǸʵͷʱʲô
û취ֻξݵλΪ磬ֻóȥӭӡ
ȻξĶԣûѳʻʵ۷ϡڣΪڵʱǣΪ󸴸ˣһ񣬲ǳ⣬˵̿ʲôģûܳδܼϣ
෴ʵ۱֪ξʵʵûֵ̿Ŷԣ
£ռٸʺ£
ξڹ˸òй֮󣬽ʵ۱֮󣬵ʵ
ʵ۱µտǺҪҶΪֵܣȻҶĽֵξҲˣԻʵ۱´Ҳûнξĵһ˹ܼҿξ̬ȲΪ裬еЩƽཻĸоü˵ʵҲûʲô£ֻ·ӣͷƣҪѡ֮Уܹ˿ν޽УֵȴǾ޽е⣬ʲô͵øа
ξһĵʵ۱Ȼ֪Լݣ˴˵ĹϵȴԶԶûеרԼܵز
ȻҪ¡
ξ˲ʱ׼ӳµһ죬Ҷ󽫾ġ
¸û
ӽȥ֮󣬵Ͼͱˡ
˵ȫûɣʵ˵ȥġ
˵ȥΣ滰ΣĪ˵Զڱ߹صҶ󽫾ʮ㣬ξˣûаǰĻʵ۱УһˣĪ˵һӣǰ㼸ȫʵӸҰôΣ
ξ졣
ȴ֪ڻʵ۱ߵĴ󹩷һĪעξ
벻ʵ۱¾ȻҶһܼ
˵ǳݼڣֱ̬Ӿǽ˫ĵλƽˣ
ѵܼңҲһ˲ô
УΪߵ﹩ϸξһĪɫһ
һ̣ʵ۱¾£˵Ҫξ˵˵˽
Եóٲά裬ʵ۱ºǺЦҪɱңɱΣȻ궼֣οڡǶ°ɡ
ĸأӲĵΨΨŵŵ˳ȥȴעκһ㶯
ĸѾ߳ȥ
ʵ۱¿ξ֣޴Ҫһ¡ʵ𡣡
ξ˵뽲ξȻ֪޲޲
޾֪һ죬ǰҶ˵ʲôʲôʵ۱۾ûпξȴ˿մ
ξǰּҪЦЦҪҶվӪѡȴҲ֮Уھ֮Ѿ󳬼ɱ˸⣬ֻصͬһߣҪ£һЩ⡣
ϣʵ۱·ŭĵһ䡣
УֵУʹȴ޿ɱ飻Ļʵ۱һֱڿҪײҾ磬֪־ѽʱԾɿάϵƽУƽ⣬ȴ벻ǣԼ֣չãԼվǽߵһ


589 㿴ˣ
ӣ˭˭ͬͬ뷨޿ɺǣΪ֡ξ̲˵
Ȼأʵ۱׷ʡ
ȻʲôΪʲôˣЦЦӦҪôʹ˲ɢξȻǲ̲˵žͱˣȻÿ찡
ξâ¶һ˫أʵȻ֮˿Ρ
ʵ۱µϼ鴤˼£ǸûҶʲô飿˵ʲô˵Ļɣ
ξˣΪܰȻ뿪
ġȻ뿪ĸ֣ξ˵ĸƶ
ʵ۱Եʱһе
ԼȻ죬±ӣЩ飬֪أҶ츮ҰӦǻûӵġ
˵˼׻ʵ۱±㼴뿪
ʼգʵ۱ʼûлʵ۱¸еͷһѻ棬ξûа㳼Ӽ͸е̬·Ĳ֮ͣҲ㣬ȱȱ
ֻǣʵ۱²⣬δܼҲ⣡
޵»Ҫȥ鱦󣬿λ˵еķ
ôһ仰ˡ
ξŻʵ۱Զȥ̣뵽վǻˣ㻳ôԼĶò֣ƨ¶࣬Ī˵ֻǻɣƶˣô
૵һ䣬ű˫˻ȥתһţֱӾͽߵúݺݱϣ
ۣ
һ졣
ѪüδүͻһӣЩųҡ
״ү
ʵ۱ǰŸߣžһŰˣ
СһЩҲɰƫƫһ߳Ķܹǳǣ
ǶĲ
ǡǿǻʵ۱£㲻Ҳܾӱֳ
ֱӾǻʵȫ޻٣ٷְе۾֮ﰡ
ֱĽడүδү
ʲôϽϴţξ˺ߣһԺȥһأֹĿˡʲôèҲӡʲôطˣӿûӭޣ
⣬ѪǼ˹ȥ
Ͼ⻰ʵ˵ñ뺷ҲҸӱ뺷һ㣬ľУ

ʵ۱Ǳ߼߳ȥԶ֮Ծһֱû˵
Աߵ﹩һֱֹСĵĿŻʵ۵ɫ£һ仰֪
ʵ۱أʲô˵ɣ
﹩ٴսһЩֻ˵¡쿴λҶĹܼҡоЩϤ˼
ʵ۱΢΢üͷͳ˵Ϥô˵
﹩һһաӴ¥ˤλ֡ԹһƣһܡΪһܣǸ˵ξٶмӡ󡭡
ʵ۱һӽӲľȻתͷ﹩Ŀ˸ĵĺ⣺ţ˵
﹩ͷð˺λιܼҡɡǡǵǸˡ
ʵ۱µɫһӱˣ΢΢̧ͷ﹩ĿΣ
﹩һ̣ͻȻоһǰδеëȻ
ܹظܵԻʵ۱µɱ
ɱǸιܼңԼ
ֻǵԼ
﹩һݡ
Ҷʵ۱µɱֻһţƽٿ﹩һۣ˵㿴ˣ
漴ĿƵĶ﹩ϡ
﹩ֻо䤱˲ǣһܣ㱣Ȼǿˡ
ǿˡʵ۱˵
ǡ﹩˵ֻоԽԽ졣
ʵ۱˵Ȼ֪ԼˣͲ˵˻Ǵȥ֪Īᣡ
﹩ŵĹȥǣմһ˵һ仰
ʵ۱⼸仰µ˼¶װ﹩Żʵô꣬ܲ˵ʲô˼
ǣҲ㿴ˣ
Ҷңܶ
ȻҶһ۹ˡ
ڣ
οӱǷǵ̸׷ʲôĿ׷
ϣϣ
һ£ʻһʲôϡϣɨأ
ԴΪ׷ۣ֮֮٣
ʵ۱³һ˵
﹩ȻӲ˵ֻһ·棬רķ
ֻһ·ϣŻʵ۱µĺһһᣬɫҲǺһһȻ鼤֡
û˷֣ʵ۱µУһ˿㯡ξô
ʵ۱϶һε˭ƾ﹩һ仰ȴеĲ²⣬˷롭
ƺһʱͬ׹
һֱ˿Ҫ鱦ʱ򣬻ʵ۱²ų³һ૵˵һ仰
๼ޣ򸴺ԣ
ʵ﹩֪ǣʵ۱֮Ծʹ˷´£һشԭ
Ȼ׷׷ô


590 ݷ鱦
Ͳ˵Ҷ󽫾ˣҶӵһ֮串Ӹʵˤӵˣһд󹩷ľʵҾ׷
Ϊ֮˸ʵ֮⣬ֻЦЦѣ

鱦
һЩµҶЦڴŹ֮㼴ĸҩġǾǧҸпʱ򡭡
ͻȻ䡭
ʵ۱Ҫ
Ϣ˲ʱ鱦
Ĵɤſʼ˻ߵĽС
ɨϽģݣ
ߡ
ǱǱߡ
㡭ȥɶɶ
㡭
ȫ弯ϡ
ϽģҲݲݣ⼸ɱָϽػط˯ȥҪǱǰɱץ˿ɾ͵ùˡ
Բۣһ֪Ǳɱ֣ǲװԼɱô
Ͻģ̺̺̺
峡հڹǰȻ˹ˡ
ϴæòֺ
Ȼ
ϰǮҲȷǮˣ
ľʹûнӴһĵ
ҲдĳĻ᳡ϣ䱦鱦ڵĵ۹٣˴Ҳո棬к򲻵ȴգһϵľãϰû˽Ӵʷǰ
Եúܼ
ƨ˷ϴòֺ
һˡ
Ҫ˵ϰҡʶͷǺ½κһλԱ⣬ϰбۿǣҲǹʱģϧǵϰ屾ʵ̫ɶһ㣬һûд½һǮ˵Ծ˿һãܳԣ٣Ͻ׼дʵǡ̫ɶˡ
ԣϰݼӼ¶ܿͱһǿжˡ
ô£üȻ¥ݿڣǲصæĲֺСڷʲô裿
ϰһ˷ܵĳ״Σ££¾Ҫˡ
Σѵʵûãʵ
ͷһưˮڰǣҲ⡣
ǡغǳ˴ҩһĿʲôĿΪ鱦ϰ壬ҪأҪ䲻ô
ŵĵ۾Էǵ۹Ļʵ۱°Ψַˣϰһѣǻʵ۱£ʵ۹Ļʵ۱°
̾˿һ֡ɸ֡ԼĲмһ֡ô¡Ŀ⿴̾˿֪ǻʵۣƬϵˣΣܸ𣿡
˴ܡ
ֻϣһְٰ
Ҳ룬ϧҲϡ
˵ܸǮ
۹ֻҪǮôܸǮ
ֵܸܣ
ҲҲ˼һǲϡ
һţ
ҲһǲϡҲòϰʱòϣ
ɱô
϶ң㣬Ҳҡ
ȻɶôûУܸĺôҲϡˣô˷ܸʲôҶЦбۣһŷʧǵϰ壬ɸֵ˵ûϢĵУô꣬Ķȥˣ
ϰ⵱ͷȣγѣ߲ѡ
ֻȴҲ˹ǰʻʵ۱£˶˵ҲɶôûУҸҪҼƨ
鱦Ĵϰ壬ԽǧµΨһϰ壡Ǯˣ㻹ӵɱڵɱ鱦ŸոշʷͶ׷ɱҪϵκξҪߣҪ䲻ҪأҪд󽫷ȣľ׻׻̻
һɫڨڨǡ
еųҪеġֻԼҪעľҶЦ˵һǿߵľκ˶ı䣡
лָ㣡ķڷ

ʵ۱µڵˡ
֮󣬻ʵ۱µһоǣ鱦鱦
Ȼڲͬ
Ϊ˵֮أ
ֻ鱦ȻҲǾˮ֣̺̽أҲֳͣҵٶ⿪״̬
ÿ˵ɫ㡣
еȻһҲȱ١
ȴû֡ӵ𶯣
ֻνԡٳ衣
𾴹Ȼ֮䡣
ʵ۱аޣô꿴ΨһһҲǡôһ֯ɡ
ĿȥĿʱһ
ֻһӴ¥̤ӭ˳ӡʫƣ
˫ʣ
ϵµһ֣
һ
ˣ
ֳ˷ȣֳˮƽֳ˴棡
һֵ漣


591 ң
ֻӻⲨ׳Żʵʩһ񣬽δڵĵڣͻȻ˵ڵأ
ȻƤҲ֮һζǰ࣡
ڳ޲Ϊ֮壬ʲô
ʵ۱¼״Ҳüһ£󲻽⣬ĵʲô˼ѵ˵ޱʾؾ⣬˸Ͷأ
Ŀɿڴ֮ʣµĶòҪ
λʵ̫ˣһͶأĲֳεأ޷Ǻߵλ鱦̴ӣӦ̧֣վ
ʵ۱ۼһĻ˵޳棬ؾд˴񡣡
˵λϰ֣ʵû뵽ȻֵֵزһǴĿġ
ײԼվȫԼǱأһ΢ЦȻֻˣղֻǹΪ񣬲ʵ̫أһʱʧڵأȴñ¼ЦˣȻֻҰܵ°֮˵Ǻǣ
ȿȡʵ۱Եʱһԭ˼ҲûԼͶأòû򰡣ʲôҰ񣬲֮˵ڱλϰ岻˺֣ҵҲһĴ󰡣
ڣʵ۱ʵ
ȻǷʧپȥ鱦ĻǷ֮裬쵼߻ʵ塣
Ⱥʵ۱´ݡ˵Ǿ˵Ļ̫еˣһӶûʵӣǲҰôôʵαô׻Ȩ
仰һʵ۱ߵļ˶ʱɫ
λ鱦ķҲ̫˰ɣ
¶ˣȻ
ѵҪ½ȥɣ
̫ˣ
󵨣﹩ŭһȣĿ磺أǷ֮ȻҲӭݣ֪۾
ɫ˿Ȼ֮ȴǳ֮鱦󿪱۹֮ǰδκһλϥ֮Ҳı䣻֮ǰ֮԰ʵ۹ֻһݾ޴飬Ϊ˸þΪ˴УȻ鱦ʧ㣬ǹС
ⷬӲģͷʮ㣬˵ܹҭһͷ
ȴܹ
ǳ񣻵Ȼ򳽻ʻʵۿͷ˼֮ǰӴĲƸֻ飬
֮Ȼ飬Ҫģ
ʵ۱΢Ц˵ڳʵͷ˵۹ôæӦ޵Űݷãˣϰͨһ¡
˸ƣʾ﹩԰ꡣ
Цͬһ˶ĻԸˣֱӽͨˣ
仰һййԱӵջĪ
ȻͨԲۣΪ˭
޷죡
ν۾ϣòҲͲ˰ɣ
ʵ۱¶Դȴ̩ȻֹȺȺ鼤΢Ц˴Ȼ֮ȴԸ֮𣬱ͷϰΪĳ˴·
ʵ۱ҲǼֲç˵ģҶ죬ξȡԶԷ̬֮ȵҲо졣
ʵϣĪ˵鱦ľ֮豾ˣ֮ĵδûм־η֮⡣
ϾԷǻ˳ǧĲϹ½ǮĲȻûз֮ĺճԾǴʽǸɽֹĴڡ
ϾĵԸܹ꣬Ȼܹʼճ£¡鱦У̫̫ĵҹ鱦鷳Ȼûκλʳûκһλռ鱦ıˣû˭õܣ෴ҹ鱦鷳⣬ڼʱڣ
дԣʵʵĪķƸ¥Ƕʵɲ鱦󣬲֪ջ¹˭֣ϧǣƸ¥鱦ĳ֮ƸȫûȤ˴ʼҲûйκεĽǷ֮ճǿƽ鱦ύĹԾɲƣ
Ȼִ⣬ȫھˣʵΣΨߵԼ˲֪
ʻʵ۱³ȴҲǲ֪֮һ
ղѾӵв֮صλҪ֮ϣ˵൤񵤵ʼٸ߷֮裬컹ûԼһ֮λã
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ܸɴؾܾ˼λֻͬһˣ쳣̹̹ĸ߽鱦
߽
ˣʵ۱ڼλ˵֮еķ֮裡


592 £
λ˵ΨһܹƵ񵤵Ĵʦʦһ֮һ֮㶨ɱ֣һ֮սڶ֣һ֮˦߰ھʣһ֮ǧ£һ֮ΪƶصǸˣ
ֻĲֲ߲ݣײڣ䲻С
է󣬾ȻһƽǺܲ۵ˣ
òģӽȺҲˡ
ƫƫˣɾ˾춯صΰҵ
ڵü·Ľ棬ʳҡʵ۱΢Цš
ûоö⡣
ʵϣλǳһʲôӣʵ۱¶̫⣡ɾʹҵȡôɾֻͣЩŮ˧õ
ʵϣƽòûʵ۱¸øʵһЩ
£δԶӭ֡ҶЦԹ񣺡ҪԷĳɱʵ̫࣬һȻ¶棬Ҫ鷳Ҳ˵˱£ȴǷĳ˵Ĳˡ
ͣҲ
ʵ۱ȴԸ̣˵ùȻʵԲԣһӢ治ɫԼĵ̣Ȼ˵ʲôҡҪǼ
ȴЦ޷޷࣬˼꣬Ӧõġ
һЦֱڱ˴˵޸ֻ֮֮
ҶЦ裬ǽõĲƹʽһȻֽҶһ˵һûӪĻ֮˵ȫЩûʲôʵôĻõĻһû˵ʵ۱¾ôһֱЦûֳĲͷ
ҶЦ˵꣬һʱĬ
ƺڶԱȣ˭ĺһЩôţ˭Ҳ˵⡣
ʵ۱ȻҪȡһΪһ֮ã̬ŵô֮ͣȻʵǿǿ󣬵ΪһϸλߣͶұܸöİɣ
ҶЦȴǸң̬ŵôͣν˱󣬼ȻңҪװ㲻˵Ҿ㲻˵˭ձס
ʱȻ̫߹ҶЦҶЦȻһλߣλνĻȣûʲôͶұ̬ߵʲôģԣû壡
Ψվƣȫ̾У
ãʵ۱ڱסˣ˵ǰҪô¡
ʽʼˡ
ҶЦΣ뽲档
ʵ۱ɫ֣صһ£ȻǶл֮ǰң߰ھ޿ǳ׽۹ΣΪ۹ǰս֣ṩ˾޴Դˣ߸ͷشл
ҶЦ΢Цˡ²Ǿ֮ͣ㲻ʲôоǣڵҲˣʲô߸Ͳ˵ˣʵ۹֮ͣҺã
ʵ۱ɫһ漴ĵڶ£ǷһҳǧͣõжԵ۹Σ£ǰ˳ʴæޣġ
ҶЦڰ֣΢Цȴٴأ£򲻹ǷĳԼҪѡֻܲбҵͷȴĵνڳ֮ĳȴ̰֮ΪУ
ʵ۱³ֿ˵²ΪΣͽԣʼǶҳд֮û
漴ɫһѹ˵ڵ¡ȴǡηϵ
ҶЦȻ̧ͷǰλʵ۱¡
ʵ۱µбˣгʹΣȴΨûк⡣
ҶЦҡҡͷЦ´Ժ⣿˵һ벻˵һ룬޵úܣĳû
ʵ۱¿Цǰαظ˵
ҶЦҡͷ仰ȴǽĳذ÷ĳθϣ
ʵ۱µ鱦󣬰£أһˣηնȫ𣬳֮Ϊǿھһ£һɱ˸ɾ䣬ȻǾþѵɱ֣ң֯мɵɱŶӡ
֮£ܹӵһ֧ģʵһޱߺһǷƸ¥һ鱦󡣡
ʵ۱³ص˵Ƹ¥ȻʵǿᣬӲԻֻ֣ڰвٿؾơԣ߱ضǷƸ¥
ޱߺ棬һޱߺǰʵģһֻüɱ֣ң֮ǰıشʵδң޶ޱߺ˽⣬Լºʵ˽⣬ޱߺ䶯֣ޱߺδؾʤʤҲҪشۣޱʥΪˣӲͷ
ȥɱʵʣµģΨ鱦


593 Ҹɵģ
ҲΨ鱦󣬲֪ɱ֮󣬻Ϊǣȥ½ȥִӶȫϴɣһ޷죬Ѱ
ҶЦǺЦǷΪ¾ʹƾһ㣬Ҫ鱦ɱʻӵĴأ
ʵ۱˵ˣ޽ǰĿģ׷ġϷУ˹ߣʲô׷ʲô鱦ֻɱֻ֮ڳʵ۹ʰղټ󹦼𣿣
ҿ»ǴҪⳡɱ¾鱦ô˿飬ºαؾֻ׼鱦󣬵治һҶĿô
ֻΪʵɱ֯Уȴûκһɱ֯ȳƵ黳
ʵ۱֣ص˵
仰ҶЦһ¡
Ƶ黳
ô
ҿûʲô黳ҶЦȻĵҲûҪͣΪ˴ﵽĿģõֶΣαɣҲǻõģڸɱˣ˭ҲԾɻɱν黳޹أ
Цţ̧ͷ¶һиȷϣȻһ϶˰鱦νұֺηظ£ɱģ
˵仰ʱҶЦ˻ʵ۱µڻĳ
λ䣬ˬһۻʡ
ǶҶΣ
ҶЦ˵ʵȻֻǲٷϣֻΪʵ۱һɣΪʤ䷳ˡ
Σпȫ£Ϊ֮軹ҶЦȻַˣΣ˲õĽƨһ֮
¼䣬ʲôܹκεң
鱦Ĳ񳽻ʵ۹Ҫͷ۵ֻǳʵ۹
ʵ۱ӥһĿǰλֻоһԴʹ
ɱӵ֣ǰ̹УԼô죿
Ϊӱô
ԼʲôΪӱ
ܱ𣬷ҪɱԼӵ˺úð
ʵ۱̾˿ʹı۾૵ޣǻʵۣȻ᲻ϧһдɱ㣬ΪҶӱɱɱ˸һ£ȴһᶯֵġ
ΪεŭԹε죬ʼҵĶӣҵĹѪ
ΪӱȻٲҲ޷˵ʲô಻һǷǲ֣ƶ޷
ȴǻʵۣ
ޡֻԶԣԶԣ
ʵ۱³̾Ϣ
ױµ飬סҶЦĿŷ񣺡½ãһʵ£ֻҪҷˡһҪɱģ
ʵ¸õңҳҲñ¸֣֮ĸе£ɱ˶ţ෼겻޹ȻҲ˰µ֮·
Σɱǿ϶ҪɱģҪɱ
֪ҪΪУɱҪɱ
ʵ۱ص˵Ȼ£ˣȻޣȻԷҵӣǼҲȻͬѡ񣡡
˵仰֮󣬻ʵ۱ڻûסȻ䡣
ҶЦ̾Ϣһºαرˣӣвޣһ̫̫Ĳ⣬Ȼ£ѡ񲻵òΪȻѡ˵һûʵۣͱȻһøף
ʵ۱һ
һûʵۣͱȻһøף
ʵ۱¿ɬ˵ޣίʵѴ̣
ҶЦȻһɱ˶ţȻĿѪȣδǱ˽һʺƽ٣űͨ飬Ҳ֪ϡȻǲɹϲ̨棬ʵʵȴ൱ǿģ
Ҹ֪⡣
ʵ۱²Ȼݡ
Լ֮ǰµĴֵãڱɱ֮ǰȻʧʵԾ൱֮ǿһԪ۷ǿΪ֮⣬һʵԪ߽׵£ʵ֮ǿѾޱߺᲢۣǶӵôҸͶ̫λ¹˭֣δ֪һȴȷǾǣʵ۹Ȼķѣ
ҶЦָͷڽָȻһĨЦʲŵ֪˱Ҫ׼ġ
һһ˶ߵ˲һЩ¼Ȼǰ
¼ɢҳһƬѻţСɽһ
ļ¼ţӴӺʱε˵һҲļ¼ˣȺŮĿԼ֮ȡƸֶģεĴĿˣĶǣ
ĵˣ
棬һŮӣǵǡڱ߹ԡѪɱĽʿŮãҶЦ¶һڽŭЦⲿŮӵĿȻʮϣ


594 ;ƿݣ
Ҳ˵ʮǰԡѪսҳĽʿǵŮãѾӱȳ˼Ů֪ˣĵ뱣ˣЧҶĶӣ˵ĶԴǻô룬ô֪ʵ۱£˿θ룿
ҶЦЦš
仰һ룬˻ʵ۱µͷ
θߵĶҲ̲סɫҰף
һʱ䣬ķŭϮͷƣ
ۣ
ʵ۱һŭ֮漴͵³һѪɲǼֽϣ
ҶЦ״һ£Ҫɣ
ʵҶЦʵ۱¼Ȼ˵¼Լ֮£ЩߵȻأ˿ٶἰȻз֮⣬ȴû뵽ܵ˴̼
ʵ۱´ڴڵĴϢƬ̣ɫԺÿһ£мЦЦû£ëˡ
Ĭһ££Ѵ̣ΣҲЩʿһУɢᶨɡ
һֳŵޣЩʿǺģ
Ȼ̾˿˵⳽ʽɽƺûʲôһᣬڿȷ㡭ˣҲͲԣޡûˡ
ҶЦһ˿ɫʱ´Ժ⣿
޵֣ϴǧٿףԴ𡭡ЩϢǹӲдǽе;ƿݣʱ޶ࡣ
ʵ۱ƽ˵ίʵ⼸Уãԡ޲ŶԼʧ˹ֻ̣ܽϣܹƾԼλƽȵĽӹȥ
벻Щɴ
ԴʧҶЦüͷҼǵûĵ񵤣ȴűĵ񵤾ҲȲ˱£
ʵ۱һЦĵ񵤣ȻǲƷҲȷʵĵޱҲºҲȷʵ޵ʧԻΪһ޴©Ƕҩȥڼ̵ʱʧ
񵤣Ȼҩܹڶʱγҩ֮ľܣԪϢҩȻκкľ֮ʱ񵤷ӵЧ֮ʱα꣬Դﱾ֮Դգֲʵ۱²ȻһЦ޵ȻǶ컯񵤣Ҳ޷ı䡣
ԷҲΪġʵ۱³һޣѾˡֻϣ뿪֮ǰܹסݻҵܹңø˳һЩܹûʶ˳֣ĪҪٷʲôı䶯Ҳ㡢޺ˡ
ҶЦĬȻ
ʵ۱Щ˵ǳԷθҶЦоԼȫš
ʵ۱ò̫Сĵҩˣ֮ǰȷʵĵ񵤣ĵֵĲֻƼġԪѣǡԪֻнҩȻƼԪԾֻԪôҲ޷Щ׹ǵĸ߽ҩۡ
˵ģǰҶЦ͸ҩóһרԻԪĵҩǰĻʵ۱ȫڻ£
ҶЦڼҵ˼ȣǲȣ
ȻЩ»ʵ۱ǲ֪ģ
ȻҶЦЩȴǣʵ۱ΪζԼһμİˣøأ
Ҳ̫һ˰ɣ
ʵ۱ƺҲҶЦе񼣬޵̬ô
ҶЦͷ̹Ȼ
ʵ۱¶һ˿ЦݣҲΪ˾ߵΣ¼ҹ˴Ͳһջһ֮ѵӵеıѣ¼ҹ˻̫µܻѵģܹЩģϣֻˣһҶ죬һ㡣
Ҷ޵ֵܣ㣬յһμ棬޵ѣȴһ˵ˣ
Ҷ죬Ѿô꣬ٽЩ˵ˣλֵĸԣ½Ҳ޷뿪
ԣҲֻѡ˵
ΪҲһλػµˣ
߰ڣΪ˳ǧڴɱͣҲΪ˸ƽϢսң²һŭ֮¾ӣǷǷΪ޹ŮӳһڶΪ²һ
ǳʱ֮ˣǷ⡭޲ῴ
ôЩԷ˵ȴֶ˭˵
ʵ۱Цˡ
ҶЦϰȻĵײץӣôУôΰô˵ͼȤζôҾǴ˵е֮ߣôĿôòƲܰɣ
ת֮࣬ʶ̾˿ɱ¿÷ĳˣֻϧ˵Ҳ̫壻ΪҲǼ뿪ˡ
ʵ۱΢Цھ뿪½£ѾΪ죬鱦ȴܲҲžһ뿪ɡ
ҶЦЦ˲ʱġ
ԭʵ۱µ˼
ڻڣֻںδ鱦ҲᱻκƿءҶЦԣҷȰ»İɣνͽǷա


595 ̫Ҳɱ
ʵ۱˵һ㣬Ȼ׵ģǧͼƿ鱦ˣ㲻˼ȴһȴֺ⣬Ȼֻ֮鱦ܹһֱзĳģһ㣬Ų֮ԸΥɣ
⵽Ϊֹ
˶ûۡ
漴ʵ۱¾ֻһ⣺ڳȻ⣬֮ڣ·ңʽɽп͹ۼ⣬ȴ֪ΪҳʽɽΣ
ҶЦɽ续
ʵ۱Ȼλķ֮ʣôΪ޵̫Σ
ҶЦĿз⣬¿Ҫ˵ʵ
ʵ۱µȻҪ滰
ҶЦһֵɱ
ʵ۱²ס
û뵽Լʳ⣬ȴõôһԤϵĴ𰸣
ͻʵ۱µıĶԣ֮ڵڶ⣬ߴ߲𣬻ᣬֻղһķܣ⣬ʵ۱ĴȻܹõһЩģ˵ȴû뵽֮ôһͻɱĴ𰸣
ʵ۱ٿڣֻҶЦһȣԽЩضӵ֤Ϥߵһߣ漴һǽһѵļ¼˲ż֮˵ϡ
ԾǸ߸ߵһѡ
Щ¼̳ˡ̫үɵ£ֻʱȽϲִ٣ŻԶԶδռȫ
һǹ⳼ͼı췴νͼıǽλʾ»λͼı
һѣȺͳһսߴ󳼵֤ݣ˵ӵΪ˷ָ̫ӵµΪδ˲ݣ
һѣͨ鹬֤űһ֪ɣһ˫磬ͬţǣĿԶԶֹһˣͬ磿¼£ѧǳˡ
һѡ򡭡
һѡ
ʵ۱㶵Ŀŵһ£ҶЦһűгɲǼû
ǿǡͼı췴롮֤ͨݣߣ
֮ƳƷʲôһ˫磬ͬ˵һʱߣʧѾﵽ˼֮£ҶЦʱ򣬻ʵ۱ηǵûѪĺǺЦ
ǺǺǡ
Żʵ۱¾վ쳣侲˵գίʵ÷Цˡ
ҶЦɫȻܺЦôҲã£ĳǾöౣزǣ
ʵ۱µôõĶӣô
һűϣֵһ֮룬ܹӦʣ
ҶЦ˵
ЩҪߣȴֲó֮ĵ֪ʵ۱ָŵѶ
ҿӦʣ֮գҶЦˬЩ»ǲٵְ֮ɣһöռָ
˵óһռָϵĶűʰһһͳͳװ˿ռָ
漴͸ʵ۱˵ռָʹ÷
ʵ۱溮һᣬ޴ţʱ䲻磬Ͳ߶ˡǽлĻϥ̸
Ȼʵ۱һҲȥˡ
Ϊ棬ﶪøɸɾ
Ϊ˷棬ﶪøɸɾ
Ϊ˸棬ͬﶪøɸɾ
Ϊһ˵Ҫ棬ȻҲﶪøɸɾ
һƽˣ£ҲѾ޵أοһλ¸Ľĵ
ôȥ
˵ǽл桯仰ʱ򣬷ͣáһǸоԼѾӣδػټĻᡣǡպλĻᣬʵ۱ȴҲԸٻˣ
Ϊλ֪Լ̫̫ܣ̫̫ĳ裡
λʵ̫ǿ󣬸ɱôǻʵ۱εҲԥɱڣ
ӿԺкŮӸţƣı췴⻹ֻСƣȻԼ׵ͨ飬òƻֹһˡ
ʵ۱ɫ죬ŲѼ鸡ԼԼޡҡǸʲôļͥ
ޣľô
ޡôʧܣ
Żʵ۱²ɺߣҶЦȻ̡
ΪһʵۣһĻʵۣͼԣɱ£Ϲᣬ񣬰мӣ££ȴꡣ
˵ʵ۾ҶЦģ߱˸һ
һλȴƫƫҲԵıѣ
ңԼҲߵβ
ԣ
£ҶЦͻȻ
ʵ۱ͣסߵĽŲ»ʲôҪ֪ô
ҲҶЦֻǿҪԾౡ֮˶ѡ
ʵ۱һ㶣ɬЦˣҡҡͷˣԵ񵤼ҲΪ񵤣ɫϣȴʧˡ޵ĲǾ֢


596 죡
ʵ۱µ֮ԣⲡǾ֢Ѿˣˣ
ҶЦвβ֢ҽ֢в֢֮»߿ɷһҩʧֻϣ
˵գݳȥһƿ
ʵ۱ֽ˹ֻƿ棬һ֮Уһ߲ʹâĵҩоطš
񵤡ʵ۱¿ɬЦЦȻ˵Ч棬ʵûʲôôܻܹһ¾񡭡л⡣
˵գǣ˿ԥȻôƿǿŵҩȡ˳Ҳֱӷ¡
ǣʵ۱´̤ȥ
Ȼֻ߳ͻȻ𾪵ͣס˽Ų
Ϊһůʹ𣡽ȫ
ĸܵЩκҩȫȻ޼µ޽˻Ȼů֮£𽥵ĸƽѾȥ;ƿ״ů֮£εĻָ
ʱֻ̣һ˲䣡
Ȼһ˲䣬ڻʵ۱¶ԣĿ˿©
ѾݽߵԴȻһ˲䣬ٶȳӯ磡
ڵ壬ֱԼʱʱ򣬻Ҫǿ׳һЩ
ʵ۱ҲߣΪף仯˹֮£֪Լ⣬Ϊת⣬Ȼһŵҩ֮£ȫĽˣ
һ˵⾪ϲ˲ʱӿͷ
콵⾪ϲǹ˸ղŵʧ裡
ظоǹůҩԻڷɢ֮УδԼ壬⾡ȥһĸӺת
״̬ٻʮ꣬ҲԲʲô£
ʲô鵤Ȼ˹
ȻضҶЦ촽Щ⡭ʲôҩ
ҶЦ˵ǵ񵤣оЧͺãʵֺαʲôҩأǾ֮ͣ治طϡ
ҶЦóģȻľһŵ񵤣ȴ־ͨĵ񵤣һƼĻ쵤
˵νųǵͽ鵤֮еľת𵤣Ǿת𵤼񵤲ѣ൱汾Ļ쵤
߽ʿȴֲ̫ľת𵤷Уľת𵤣κƣֻҪһϢд棬δ𣬱һԾȻأоת֮
ʵϣܹԡתΪͷ鵤ǽĳ;˼£תƵƸ꣬תԪעػָΪ֮ǰλŮʦǿžת컯ЧøǴ󣬶ڴ֮У
ųת𵤵ġ쵤ƵЧ䡰תЧԵͽΪǡת֮ЧҲ˵ԪߣȱΪ겻ȫ֢˵ȫΣȻΪԪߣǺǣЧȻ˵ȫûУȴֱ½ԣ˵ŲΪ߽ӡ
Ȼбף߽ӵĸ߽鵤ΪԵͷ֮Ųܸɵı֮Σ쵤ȴΪ죬۷ΪΣһڱ֮Σķա
ƴ˵Ҫҩ֮ڶ࣬ҪõַΪ˻ƣȻҶЦ군ַ裬ռвȫͶ룬ջ൤֮УٵĻ쵤˵ʹڵǰ֮ǰСѾͷĵҩд˵ţʵ۱µǴ˵Իʵ۱µǳΪ֮ѵ״δܹɵĵ񵤡
ͻʵ۱ԴݽߵԣҲίʵֻ쵤ҩԼº͵ҩſԽ
ȻʵȻɹûʵ۱µȫƣ
лʵ۱³Ĭһ£ͳ˵
ءҶЦ΢ЦҡҲټڶˡ͵ҳμ桢ɡ
ʵ۱¿ɬЦЦίʵҲռ㡣
תءȻٻڣԶм㣡
³ŵܷʲôط鱦ϣֻҪܹоģΪôֻҪʵ۹鱦Ƭ½ϡ㣡
˵仰ʵ۱ٶȴ̤߳ǻǴ񣬰硣
ҶЦһ
ֽ״ȻԼĳԲȴҲһʽȴԼһ׮°ɣ
̫ӵ£ž䵹ùӲԶˡ
ҶЦĿ̫ӵݺԼһĻ̫ӵߵλԪʦ֡
ġ
ʱգЩʣҲһʱˡٲˣ˵ԼˣҪǲĳ˵ùҲˣӱʮ겻ҿɲǾӣûȤȸʮꡣҶЦЦЦ



597 ּ
˼ʵ̫ӵ£ڸлϲصף
ѾüˣֱҲûץʵֺֹûץȫû䣬Ƿ
ץûץû̫˵޹ؽҪ
ΨһҪģֻжѾˣ͸ˣĲˣ
֮λ֣Ѿûˣ
һΪǸֵѾˣͻֳ̫ӵӢ䣬˭棿
ӴԺԸˣ
̫үܲˣ
ڵܵˡ
ߣ˭ҵܵܣǸȫļһ
Թף̫ӵ¶仰Ƴ磺ʲô׵ܵܣƨúãɽУ̫ʱˣ
һϣ̫ӵԼլۡ硣
ȻвԼܵܣʵϣȴ˭Ҳܷϣ̫Լ
ܵˣǻϯô֪Ǵǣ
̫ӵȻǻ裬ϣȴҲǲĿŵףģһݡ˽ټһЩˣСüһ£˴ŵΡ
˿̣Цľٱϣһòˡ
İϣҲмЦݡ
µҶ󽫾ûзԼǿоȥһʡˣ͵ŲĻʵ۱¼ݱ̫ӵµϻλˣԼʵҳ̫ӵйͬܵĴ֮ôᱻɣ
ٻָտɴôܲˣ
Ҿ֮ʱز񳯹̫ۡӵЦһ仰һһֱҹľƾ֡
ĲȻƮƮ·ϣֻоԼƮƮɣȻҡ
ƾҲڼ俺״̬ܵģ̫ӵµĳŵ
Ϳ๦ߣ֮ϣ±زʶ֮գԹԿɶһ棡
仰̫ӵ˽˵ġ
ȻֻҪһ仰ϷӾһļ
һ棿
һ棿
ϻʵǱߵĹְԼ϶ָˡ
ǡνһһԼ㻹Ǹ̫ӵһ˳
֮ǰӾλ̫ӺͶʵǿ¡˴ִ¡ȴֻ൱ڸ͵װˡ
ڶһ׿̨ˣ̫֡ӵ࿹
λ̫ӵ£Ȼǰ϶顣
ȻˣԼǰ;Լȫ˵ǰ;Ҳǡ϶ˣ
ԼĶӡӡ
׻˵úãһ˵õȮ졣仰ݹٳͬʡ
ֻҪԼڳվסţôԼļĹٻˡ
һֻͣҪʲô£ͿԴӴ
档
Ӳڣ
ԼΪɾͣټָʮԲ⣬Լڣϼ㲻ֻ¶ǲеģ
ֻҪһ뵽δٹ⣬ĵ׾һζ
˼ʵĻ谵ҹɫҹҲоĿɰ
У¹Ұ䣬Ȼգȴ˸о»Ĺʡ
ʵ̫Ũˡ
Ĵ˼δһͥŲһĹչǰһӣֻҪһ䣬͵ˣǸܰڡ
İʶ¶ůЦݣϢһҪ˷ô꣬Լǰ̫ӵ˲ٻ£һжֵõġ
ȻֻҪ˺ȣҲ
ĽŲعսһ
Ȼոչս˲䣬͵ؽӲ
۾Ҳĳۿ
խСŨܵҹ֮Уһ˾ԼǰվţĵȴԼĵ
ˣúʵҹ֮𵴳
ļ״µĺëը
ôվԼΪʲôʼնûвڵļֱһյŵ֪ԷĴڣУղȻֻǾһƳȴѼһʤѩ£Լǣ˫Ȼ֮ԼΪԷԼȴλӦԷݣȻӦԷʵ񲻵˵
ʸ˭רڴ˵Ⱥĳ˵ô˵ʱѾȫеȫѾʶһΣ½Լһ֮յһս
ҲֻҪһһСģҪ߾Ȫһغ
Ȼǰ˲û¶˿ɱɱɱ
ʱȺѾ㹻˵̫ˡ
˵˻Ĳ壬ʵ¹ϡ
ͫ׶ʱһ漴͵һģЩӵ˳ʧҶЦ
֮ˣݿţţĿ䣬Цƴߡ
ǽӣҶЦ
ǸԼģҶЦ


598 ڴ˿ɱ㣡
˭ҶĶ⡣ҶЦôܣ
ҶЦЦЦ緢ĹϷӣѵû뵽ô
һǰŨȫ˶ȷû뵽ҶӾȻһλֻ֣ǣǳǣʵ۹Ҳδ뵽ҶӾȻصôϷһˣ
ҶЦҡͷ΢ЦϷˣֻҶĳУȴＰϹϷĻϬ
ƣ
ƣĵͫ׶ʱһһĪɬȻ˲ʱԭζû
ԭ֮ǰеĸоǴǼ
ǵģҶЦȻӵ֣ΪǸʱôᱻԼ㣿
ԭʱ֪ˣȴʼû˵һֱڿһ·̵ڣڳ֣
ڣҶܼξ֮һϵжǴǿҶ֮ĶȫϷֻӦ˵ֻڿ̫ӺԼˣϷֻҪģʱԼˣκʱ򶼿ԣ
ʱ˿̣ԼԾ壬־һָ̣ԼͷһӣԼγɿգ֮У
Ȼһ˲ʱ䤱͸ѣǿ񣬳ҶӵĻˣĳĳȴһ㲻⣬֪ҶӿɷΪҽ󣿡
ҶЦҪʣΪηҪȵڲų֣ô
ĵҶӽչֵʵҪɱңʱ֣òĪȴΪƫƫѡڣƫƫǽҹ
ĵط
ԭܼ򵥰֮ǰɱ㣬ʹ죬˶ѡҶЦ˫֣ʩʩȻ߽ѩ£Ũ֮лУͬǴӾ֮Ͻoһ㣬Ʈ֮䡣
̰иΪȴʼԣȴֽҷ֮У߲ǹ»︣񣻶ңҹ㻹ţͨŬܹĶӣӣܹ»߹ٺ
ҶЦĻùһȻ
ǵģҾΪ
Ҳ˵ˣʱضɱ㣬ȻˣΪβһʱ䣬ѡһõĳʱǰ¾ɱ㣬ʱػϣţˣ̫ӵҲͿ๦ߣչˡ
ʱˣҲˣ㲻ܣӲɱ㣬Ȼζ
ҶЦ
ҶؾȷһЦһ
ΪҶӣѵ֪̫ӵѾû˶֣Ȼʱ޶࣡
̫֮ӵѼǻΪۣȨͬն
ǺǣһҶЦΪ̫ӵ¼군ˡʵ۲Ѿ֪̫ӵı飬һ֪̫ӵͨ顭
˵ʲô㡭͵غһԲ۾ŵĿҶЦ
̫ӵıɹλĳ佫УĿνӹΰ֪ͨҲǼλȵĲˮҩ̫ӵ²ŵóѡ
ҶЦĿ⿴Źģ̫ӵıеɥ飬Ĳ룬Ǹв߶ߡ
񣬻ʵ۱Ѿȫ֪Ϥ̫ӵµ³ԤõĽҲǱΪˣȦһ
ҶЦҵĹģ̫ӵһıŬ㼴еϣҲ˲仯ΪУҲʵ۱µĺ֮Уκһп𡣡
̫ӵ»߻һ㣬ֻ·һֻñ˶֣ĪԶ֣ȴҹȥǳԵ
ҶЦԶ֣ҲĿɣ
ҧݺݵĶҶЦ̫Ѩͻͻѵ˵˵ѣ
һ˵ѣЩ飬ô֪
ʵ۱ô֪ʵ۱Ȼ֪Σֻ̫ӵһϺļ̳ˣεĲѾûѡ񣡡
˵ѣ
˵䣬˵ѡ
еĿֻţȴ˵ʲôβס
ΪղҶЦ˵׮׮ڹĵף˵ܣ
ȻָҶЦ˵ѣƷ粵ҶЦ˵ʣĵȴѾ϶⣬˵ѣ
ˣ
һжˣ
ΨһʣµģֻԼƭԼǵΣ
ҶЦĿʵ˵Ѳ˵ѵģҪôҪǣҸһΪʲôӳٵڲɱɣ֪ɣǲ
ЦҶЦúݣ
㾹Ȼһ֮ǰεĻᣬ
Ϊ㲻䣡
ҶЦ˵


599 ʶʶ
ģС츳ߣ͸лԺʦѧķǱΪСɣĥ似ʵսΪⱾ޴ȻΪ޸ķϧɱ޹Ѫȣÿһµˣ㶼߱ʶԷڼ֮ĺܿ죻һֱһ⣬㷢˻Ƶš
ҶЦȻһ̾˵·ߵĺܲסܹӵΪҲȷǧǧ࣡
ܿɹǣķŬԼΪܱǫǫӡ󣬻Ҫʫ飬ȡ㵱ܳɫ;൱Ľ
ҶЦŨ֮˸űĹʣ۽ڹϡ
һò֮󣬹һ̾Ϣ
ҶЦ˵ЩִŹĴ꿪ʼһֱڵе֮·һ飡ǵĻ䣬ôӿͷ
һֱˣͰˣǰȻڴʱɱڽǿʳ棬˵˭˭ɱҪɱˣبǡ
ȻԴ̫ӵµƸ֮ȴһͷβߵǷǣڰ׵ıСˣһһҪֺ̫ӵ£ֻҪ̫Ӱŵ飬εɥε캦㶼ȥľ˿ۿ۵ȥɡ
ĺܾģжУаԥ޹ͨգǶ޹ĹԱܵݺǿȡᣬ伫
ĵһ̣ҶЦ䵭˵ԣӽҹҪеȡ
ҶЦǰһƮŨһУ˵ˣҲǸһ¡һ顣
ĿһɭȻ˵ʲô£ˣĳ˻ʲôԺڵģĳһ£֮򣬱֮ȻһͿأҲ޻ڣڣ
ôʵ츳ļߣһ㣬Ծܹȡڵĸ߶ȾͿɼһߡ㲻αװ󣬽ֹһѧʱ˿̣ѳƺ½߽ޣΪ߲εĳڡ
ҶЦǺЦЦܷתһĹʫ飬Ŵ˿ҲѾɾ͹г٣ȻȨ㳯Ұλ˳¡
ֻϧһ·Գͷصǻۣȴֿ·չ˴ʧˣɾޣ
ԣעһ޳ɣ
ҶЦ˵ֻ˰ɣڿɱ޹ݺڰײ֣û߷緶Ҳû˽ڲ٣ô̤;պĽ֣ʹΪҲ춨
ȻˣôעҪҵⲻΥ
ʶ˺һ
ɫĺѿ
Ϊ֣ԼеĶ־ڴ֮ǰȻκǿжҡϧһսģȻڶԷ˵Щ֮ʧӰˣ
ǰһİ꣬˵ÿһ仰Լĵط
Լ˿־
ңͷĪĿ־壬һļ
ͻȻʵЦе㲻䣬ɱң
ЦţΪ˭Ϊ˭̥Ϳʼ䣬ҲԲҵĶ֣ʵ̫ˣͲ֪ʲôǽʲôһ
ҶЦĿڿһɵӣ书ߵܹյսôҲĶ֣Ҷɱôٶһǻô
ɫؾ
ǵģԼңͲɱ֣
ΪҶ죬λǿԹĳ֡
ΪԼȫ٣ȫھǣѲܣ
ԼҹһɱҶЦ죬Լͻᱻȫҳն壡
Ȼʵ۲̫ӵҲҪԼԼȫҵҶ󽫾ԭ꣬ǲɿܵջ
ɥ֣ұ㲻ļСˣҲԼˡҶЦЦţһָͷԣһͷұ֤ȫ٣ض̫
̲סٺһͷϴ乡
һִУĽ˹ĵͺһ˭˭һ
ҶЦҡͷ̾Ϣģ˵㶼ҴˣȻҼ˷˺ôʣһ˰ɡ
Ȼһ͵һһļǰȥ
ٸĹӸ˵
Ϊ£ĵ׵ĺˡ
£˵֮Լĵֿ֮ҲҪɥʧˡ
Ũ֮УҶЦЦһƮһһֻͻȻ˳ձѧõӺúüʶʶʲôƷ
仰һǿͻȻն֡


600 첻Ϲۣ
ڰеŨͻȻХԷһļҶЦϣһֻ޴֣
ƷûжЩŨȴԷһĳȥξ£Ρ
һߣĺȻ֣ԼڶԷһ֮£ãˣ˲ˣӣӲ
һƻֻһȻѾԼǰе·ȫ
ֻʣΨһһ·Ӳƴ
гѪ˿ͻһһһķȥ
ƣ
ΥĻƣ
ҶЦľУ
٣϶ģ
ҶЦ״мһЦ漴һܲˣһƺȻĳ
ıʮַӲ任޷ڻжĿȻ˫δӴȴѸоһɽѹֻŨɵƣȻ䣬Լײ
Լ˷ı仯ڶԷоȻã
ʮʵӰ֮У׼ȷҵԼڣһУ
䣡
˫Ӵ˲䣬ŨγɵɲǼ䱬ɢ˷ŨһһĹĶҶЦƣѾһɲ֮䣬ڹϽĻ˾ʮŴΣ
ʮŴػ
ÿһ¶ڹĵġ
ĵֳһֲ˼𾪣ȻһѵĹ죬ĿԼƲֿʼһֱСۣۡͬһ
⣬⣬ȫɷ飡
Ȼһ˷ĳȥˡ
ע⣬ڳȥǱȥģ
һоֻһͷ⣬ôܣ
Էֻһ˲䣬ƽԼĻӰƣȻһֻŨɵ֣ԼĻ񹦣ţȻһɲǵ˲䣬ԼƵͬһλ˾ʮ£
һֱڣЩɢŨ˷ɴܵ״̬
ԼȴѾһ첲ˡ
ԷֻԼƹ״ľ͸ֻƣôֱأ
ѵԷʹõҲǻһƷ
ͬƷܹͼӰЧҲСɵľˣ
ıԼĵ׵жϾˣȴֲһжϣȻ֪ѾӽʵĴ𰸣
ôľĪҲʲô˲õƷҸղһʲôΪһ֮һ˲䣬һǧƣԲһֽǧƣ
ҶЦµӴŨ֮һƮƮ˹ǰȻˣп϶ֻһʵϣκεطչƣǧһ۹ȻУǧǧҲδɣ
ң
һ̣ҶЦĿ⣬ǿһħ
ҶЦСһأʵͲܱôֻܺźĸ㣬ˣʶһһҸ棬Ծɡ
Ծ
ĴصĴϢţϣ¶һ˿ĵ׵ľͻȻһһ֧һ
߲ŸոȥȻӰһҶЦ˺Ȼǰһ˫۾顣
Ȼ븺翹ȥҾ㿴ȭ
ʱĸоԼ⵽ϵĻ򣬻޹һ㡣о֮𶯣ӲĲͣȥ
ȫûеֵ
ֲҪֵһȴȫ׵ĽȭȻ٣Լ۴÷飡
Ծ㿴ȷգҲûһ۸ˣ壬ܰɣ
䡱һҶЦһһźݺڹϡ
һţӰ٣
ţžѾػ
ġһš
仰ʱѾƶ߷һķ˳ȥ
ͨһڵϣѪȻء۾ȳһѪŷԼղһֱ˻ֻصԼĵط
Ƿֺ
Է󣬾Ȼ׼ĵز
Ȼ־ߣ겻ʵ
ĲȻһЦҪվ
ȴԼֱѾһ˵̧ҪѲܡȻĵͷȴԼǰһ˫š
ѩ׵°ڣԼǰ΢΢Ʈ
Ծٶ̧ͷͿҶЦǿƺӢ˼£˼һ˫ͬѩɽһ۾ߡ
֪ôڵ״̬˻Ƶָоܶͷˡǰһִ̲ڼ汩Уޣ䲻ǰǰˣޣ䲻Ȼͱ̫ǿв֮£Ϊ̫ӵߡһǰ
ҶЦ䣬ԽԽ䣺ģԼ˵ɣ˾Ȼĵóѣ»ʵĴ֮ôöôϹۣ
ǲϹ۵ģҶЦЦţΪң


601 䣬
þ۾һ仰һѪҼҡˡʲô֪
ôһʲô֪ΪôҶЦ˵֪̲ļˣļ˱赽һ˫ٵĶŮҲ֪ȥ򡭡Ƿ֪㰵ɱļˣǶ
ҶЦʵֻмˣֻļ˲޹ģôЩأ˶޹ģȴ㺦ɢ

ļˣұǲᶯġ˵ȷûʲô񼣣أ˻᲻ᶯջʲô³Ҳ֣ˣΪԵʣ˳ԽӴ̹ӣӦģҲóܣǷݺҶЦĴǰ;ǾԲˣҺƶ
ĺ﷢þȫ˵лл
ԴһᣬʹûϢ
ȻóԶ
ҶЦŹĵ䳾ʬ壬ͻȻоԼĵһʲôڽεɢˡǡǰһҶЦеһԹɣ
ѵ˵꺦ҶЦģףģ
ҶЦһ
̲ס˿Լ֡
ΪһζԸģٻһЩȴû뵽ôס
ֻ˵һεͻƣĪá
ҶЦĿǰȻԪƷ۷ˮ׼ʵϣԼս㲻Լս飬ҲӦܹԪƷ֮ڸһսˡ
ĵΪǾƷ۷ΣΪ㲻ޱʥƽ죬ȴôҲǻҹһģȻⳡսͷβȫȫһ浹
˫ʵ֮⣬ΪһȱݣǾǡĹǶ
Ӧ˵ĴûнӴκεĶΨһЩΣҲǻƣѧġ
Ȼƾͺ½ԣѾǾƷ似似ʼշķԼΪ޵úܣ
еϧһˣƷкһЩи̵ֵĻӦǳɾͲסֻϧԼߴ·ǲˣձ˲·ϵĲˡ
Źĵʬ壬ҶЦ̾Ϣһ
һһƬŨ֮ʧӰ١
һҹעǸ֮ҹ
Ƕ̫Ӹԣһҹδߡ
ھƾĴ̼£̫ͻȻоԼֱˣǰֱˣڣ̫ʱ̫ӶЩֺܴһѡ
Ͼ̫ӵ£̫ǿ֮ʱСϱǿ˶٣ô꣬ҲѾϰˡ
ͻȻȻƷˣ
̫˵ü
Ľϼ壬ѾɴмֻһտӣҲǱ׼ĴˣˡΪ֮ǰǾѡжԣ⵽ľԴѹȻ»ܸ翹Ӳд׸ֻʱ⣬עҲʲôˣҪ˵ʲô̫ṩʲôˡ
̫̫ӵĵλȻҲֱ½
˫Ǳ˴˻ãƵȻһپ߱üֵƵļֵûУΨһĽǽ׹УۻĸķйȻֻôϷ߶·ߵŰ
̫ӵôģ־緢ĵ£ɢ֮ǻ⡢ȿ̫ܵӵ»صңֱӽ̫ڴϣ쳣ֱķʽ·ȫǹ⣻̫֮УԾǹǿн롢ֱ
̫ʵȻԶʤ˿ȴǰ㲻ҷֻŰ
㸲֮ΣҪ̫ʱ˵νһ׵Ĵת
˵̫Լƣθ֮ΣֻǺѱˣ˷棬һҽУѡʧ΢΢ȫ֮ǰõĵ񵤣鱦Ѻùϵʵͻͽָտɴ
һߣ⵽ŵǿΧˣʧ˴󲿷мʧȥֵĵ񵤣жԣ˫ʵԱȣǿ⣬ҲάϵӲдľ棬ʱ߽⣡
̫ߵǵǰһԮ֮⣬Ҳ̫ڣʵ̫ӵĿǰӵеĽϼԣʵ󣬵óȴǷ
ڳʵ۹ģһʵ΢ϻʵȻʱܼݱ̫ӵ۵۳ݣʵһλʵ۵Ĳѡ


602 ģ
̫ӵһλ̫ȻҲҡһ䣬һ֮£֮µĻʺǧ꣬ʱʽ΢ѼĽϼǷ𣬶̫ԣǺҪˣ
ԣΨһҪģƽȹɣȻҪһпֺ̫ܵӵ£Ȼ衢¼ķʽҲϧʩΪ
̫̫۵Ϸ۳ңôˣҲֻ⼸죬ܹ̫ҵԼΪ˵Ƿݸо
˼ʵ̫ҲǸСĵϣԭǿƣô̫ӵѹ˿̶Ϥ̵̫ĿԴעԭԼָʹмһ˵Ůˣ˿Լתлֻ̫оޣοޱȣ
Ȼڴʱڴ˿̵һء
ʹС
ʵ۱עѾר˷űͳƳ֣Լ󹩷ҹ֮ץļ֤ɫ࣬ѿѼ
Ϊ˽ʵ۱µȻŷ֮һ֮ʣȻĵȻˡ
ֻǣԱһָ֮󣬾ͼʱʼͳƣȻҹչ顣
Ȼһ֡飬֤ȷ䣡
飬һǻʵ۱Ҫ飬ǾϸţһоǰõĽۣϸλ鱨ҪɥĲ񣬻Ҫ˷ָ
Ǽ̫ӹᴮĴ󳼣Ҳû뵽Ȼּ˽ӽɹʱ򶫴·һֱʵ۱ǰʱ򣬾ȻûзӦΪʲô£Լʲôʡ
Ȼǵȵʵ۱һ仰ʳڣʱ̱ˡ
¡һߣ﹩ǵĵĿŻʵ۱ѿɫ
û˱⼸˽ʵ۱µ顢״̬ˡ
ǰŲŸոձɱˣܱȻֵ֪˴ҪԼӵķڼʱ¸һ𣬽ǰź˳
Ϊһף˿̵⵽ʲôز֪
˵ʵ۱´˼Ȼʵϣ֮ǰ﹩˶Ԫʵ۱ȶ״ʵ۱һغʱˣ˿̣̬ƱػһԱĿǰ״ôɵˣ
Ȼλǣʵ۱¹ȻصشɫȻѿȴʼûֳ֮ǰǽ
ĿĶŹԼǰ󳼡
Ļʵ۱£кܶ໰˵
磬ޣʧ
һֱǾãһֱΪ־֮ʿ֮
ôãôԵ޵࣬޵Ρ
ĵȵһС
Ҫ˵Ҫ£գʲôû˵
ֻƣػӻ֣ͳ˵ȫȥΣ
£¡
˺ѷεĿ޺Уקȥ
ŵһ̯̯ˮգʵ۱³ĬãǸղǼ󳼵ˮԼ֪ı¶֮ĵѣ־ʧĲ
¡̫ӡǱߣ﹩Сĵʵ
ѡ仰Ĳʣڵıܲ˸Ĵ̼ˣȻְڣֲòʣ
ҪٸǸϣʵ۱˵Ǽ˴
󹩷ɻˣʵ۱µĶϣ֮Уʵ۱µ״̼֮£Ȼȫû£ûѪûʣȻܳ˵
òѰ

λʵ޹ߣĿֻ䱸ɭϸʤƽ֮գһķΧƴ˼䣬һ飬˿̸к
ʵɫˮӥһĿڼƯһɨֻص˵һ仰Ǽˣ˶ģ
ģʵ۱ص˵֡
һλ̱ڵأɸѡ
ɫҰףĿңȴأǿŵ֪´Ժ⣿
ʵ۱Ŀĵעǣ۵ƺȼŹ𣬵ô޾Ͷʾ֡
һ̫ӣ
ֲһڣ֧ŵͬʱһʹ˹ȥ
飬ˡ
ģ
̫ӣ
ʲô飬ܹûʵ۱£˵
Ψж·
һ㷴Ӧʵ۱нһ˿˿ϣҲʱϾ۾̫Ѩͻͻãҧ˵ȫϳȥɱųն壡

賿ʱ֡
һڴԱ˴˴ӵڹǰ׼ϳ£Ȼʱ򣬵ͻȻ󿪣߳ĲճĴּ̫࣬һӶӼĹ͢
Ŀбӣһ·߳ȥ֮漴Ž׼ĸӪ˲Ӧ¡¡
ԶԶȥˡ
ֻһȺĿ֣֪̿ʲô¡


603 
Ⱥɣһȶѵбʷֻߡǰ˵ʵ۱ΥֻͣмտɻˣѵᾹǱ¡
ͬ뵽̫ӵҲȺ֮УòһĲ֪νʵĵֿ˻ϵΪ˳лλд˶Ϊ棬춼ڰңһǵλΩҶ֮գԶӣ
̫ӵԾΣʵҹͻжҹ֣һ㣬ͽвıĴһٳܣ
һһֻҲûѳȥ
ʵߵĹÿһӵԪʦϵΪʵƽ˶ԣȫĳһҹʱ䣬Ѿ̫̫ˣ
׷ʲô£
֪أѲʲô鷢
û
ü˼ţʶһ䣺̫ӵ£֪ʲô£
̫ӵɫЩ԰ˣղŵ緢ϾҲɵӣƬ̵֮󣬰ƣܿͷ˲Ծĵطһɳ֮УȻ˼λЩλԭˣԼı췴ļ󳼵λãǽһˣ̫ӻԳ˵ԼһҲˣҲˣȫڣȻ˶ˣ
ͬʱ£ζš
̫ӵ͵һɫִӲ԰תΪҰףҡҡͷЩľȻ˵Ҳ֪
һģѾ³
׹׵Ԩ
һ̣̫ӵĸоͻ٣ֲʽټԼȴҲܴج
Ƭ֮ǰΣجΣһãһδ״
ּȺ糯
ƽ︺ּ̫࣬ϤĹѼɤ̫ӵµȲȻԶһ£ҪŲϣȴԼҲˡ
ŵ¾˸һ㡣
Ҳ̧
Ĵ󳼿죬̫ӵ£һ֮£ȴ־ߵģ̫ӵµ亹ȻѾ͸·
ʲô״ѵ̫ӵ֢
££λһ
û¡̫ӵȻǿЦЦŲ߽֮˴
̫ӵһȥúϢ򲻿ɻ伲ҽλ󳼺ĵȰ˵
̫ӵɫ԰ףһ겻Ŀȫû˵ʲô
ϡ
ʵ۱ӥĿݺݵעű˲߽̫ӣĿ⼫ᣬĵȴǰٸн
ʵ۾е⣬ͷ
˿̵ֻҪһӣΪʲô
۾۸еز
ڴʱڴ˿̡
ڳ룬Ĵİصü˸оϢ
ÿ˶˽Ĳͬ
ûû˵ʶס˺
ܹվģһϼ޻֮ڸоղͷ֮󣬱һһ漴ͷһһԲ
Ǵ˿̾Ȼһλ۵ģóóȻվ˵һ䡮֮Ŀף¡Ͼͻͷء
Ȼ仰ڶΪ֮ƽʱƽֵͿס
ʵ۱µ΢΢һӿαϣ۾
ȼϳ͵ۿжһ飺д鷢ˣ
ʵ۱򵥵ĶԼǸЩɢı飬ǾĽ࣡
⼸ƴ󳼸桢ǰλʵ۱¼ʮ꣬ѾƢ͸͸ģ˿ĸоΣһɴ඼װ
ƨϣҲǾȳΡ
࣡ʵ۱µĿˡ
үʱͷһͷڶģװаһǵһͱ˳ӽ˿ˣôĵùǳʦư
ϼһЩֻĵͷǳ鴤ϻ쿴Ҫù
ΡΡǰһϳڣ
㣬ְΪΣʵ۱ʵ
˸飺ر£ְǸ£ٹ٣
˵òƲŲͷĵڣȻʵ۱¸ˡ
ȴ˿
ţ֮Ӧǳڼٹһ棬ӦøԼûʲô̫Ĺϵɣǲ֪һСǵñ²ˣ
Ҳһ첻㲻ʲô
ʵ۱һּ֮࣬˵ٹ٣һٹ٣ɣ㣬ǰ֮µڼм쵽ˣ
ܸɴġͨͷȴһӳ׷ġ
ԭ¶ţ෣ٺɡ


604 Ȼ
ô£ʵӶ֪ô֪Ī˵ԭ治֪֪һǰ㣬е˿ôĸҹô׶ӣǿߵĻӵ£ô죬ôܣ
ңʵô
㵹شˬ죡ʵ۱Ŀ⿴Źǰ࣬˵㣬̰ߣ⼸ּ˼ˣ
ڵأоЩͷ¾Ѿˡôϵľˣ
ͷϲð˺
⻰ίʵǲôһ㵱ϳǼڵ֮
֪İٹ֮У˴ı췴ʵ۱һȻͷ
ͬʱͨһ
ȴ̫ӵͻȻǺסһƨ˵ϡ
ʵ۱һҲֻһζĶࡣ
Ȼˤڵص̫ӵ£ЫһԶһ°ѼͻȻ
˶Ϣɵˡ
亹乡
̫ӵˤλã;ߡ
֪ܲ
Ϊһϴʮô᲻ʲô飿
һ̣һĶǻ˳
ͷΨһһ뷨ˣ
֪˵仰ʱȻȴЩͷˡ
ˣ̫Уλ飬˲ʱģǴ˿ܶĻһҪ̫ӵ¿̫ˣԵķ
ϷҶ֪ϵ岻ˣŲ˼ˣô㶼Ȳˣ
ô벻һˮӲʮ˴ڰ˱¶ɶϵˡ
㲻֪ʵ۱µͷڲֻ㣬췴
ȫҳն壡ⲻ⣡ͷϵĺˮžžĵڵأ۾Ҳģˣﻹаٹ֮׵̬
ô첻ָõʵ۱ʵ
༸̱һɻʶĸоƾ²þ
ʵ۱۾ࣻãûվҲûȥôš
ٹ֮Ƶ˵޵̫Ӻڣ
޵̫ӡĸ֣ӻʵ۱´˿̵Ŀ˵ƺǼŨŨѪ
˵ɫˢһ˲ʱڲҰס
ʡʡڡ̫ӵǰڵϣأɸһĶ
ʵ۱µͻȻһŨŨζ
ʶ̧ͷøʺúÿ㡣޵Ķӡʵ۱µͳĵ˵
ҡ̫ӵĵͷǲ̧ͷֻӦ˵Ҷϸ߽֮ϣеĻʵ۱£ĸʣ
ңǺǺǡʵ۱Ц»㲻ôӴ治һ򱶵飬㶼ʲãΪ˿̧̣ͷ㾹Բң̫ǫˣ޵Ļʶ޵ĺûʶ̫ӣ
ȫѻȸš
̫ӵֻоͺתԼ氲ҡһ㡣
ÿһһξҵ𶯣Ķǡ
Ұڻ̧ͷԼĸʣű˶˫ӥҲƵӡ
ʵ۱棬ֻһƬ䣬ûаС
޵̫ӣȻһ˲ţüĿʵ۱أ㣬޿ȥ̫֮λֻйκƵľٶ
̫Ӳй
޿˵޵岻ã⼸֮Уλ㣿
ʡ˵
޿˵޵Ѿɣҩʯ飬ã
ʡ˵
ʵ۱µƽ˽ܵĻ⣬صĲ飻Ҳ㣡оɻĻ⣻ޣΪ˸ãȫ㣬ʲô鶼㣻ֻϣܹ޴֮󣬵ΣʻԻͣʹ飬˶ѣ
̫ӵٶڵأһȴĲ̧ͷˡ
һֱҲ벻ףʲô֪̫֮λû˿ԺֻҪĵȴȴ޵Ĵ֮գѾ֪޵Ĵ֮գΪʱԶֻҪȵһգһУȫġ㾹ǷҪı췴ȴΪΣشޣ
ʵ۱üͷ
ԴˣĲ⡣
۲ΰԵһ޷⣬Լӣôĥġ״ôص飬֪ˡ
Լνʲôˡ
ֻҪټּ꣬£һأеһжˣ
ΪλҪѡ췴ػĵ·
Ȼ޽⣡


605 һŭ
̫ӵ»شһʱ侹˵仰
䣬׶һĿⶼλ̫ӡ
˵Ϊʲô˵ʵ۱ͻȻһһȣޣΪʲô
̫ӵֱ̱ڵء
ƴ󣬶ͱˣϲΣءЩɣ˿̣һ仰Ҳ˵
Ҳ˵ˡ
Ǵңȫ˵˵Ϊʲô˭֮ܽɻ󣿣ʵ۱ɨȺ磬ٳá
ȺΪ壬¿ͷ
ʵ۱ݴһʲôʲôΪ޲ζ֮𣿣࣡÷˵˵Ϊı̫췴һɣ̫ŮޣΪҪ봮ı̫ʦĵӣҲ˵˵ǡ
׺ӵϼһʱ麹ĹڵأǻȻ
ԭֻΪϻͷһ˵ùѣȴû뵽ϸ缸ȻһҲûܵˡ
ôǵùߵİ
ĵ׸ޣһ˶ٴԼǲˣʮеģֻҪǼ˸ͻһӣʮμ࿼͵ʮһӡ
˭֪һȻڼʮ췴
Ҳܹң÷˭Ӹֹǲ죬ȻӴкͷϧûӦһ
̫Ůޣ˶ʮˣ֪Ů췴
̫ʦϷĴҪ϶֮ϣ˵Ӻڶ࣬ġ˭ʶô
ٸ˵ʲôʲôˣ˰ʵ۱İ𣺡һ췴ɣǲ鲻Ҳȫͬ۴ˣ
ʲô
ʵ۱·˰ɣ
ͷһĴͣײ֪ηӦˡ
췴Ҫʲôɣ
££¡ͷ׵ɵˣϳʵǡ
ʵ۱Ѿŭվ̤Σߵ̫ǰʱûͣ
ۿŸʵԼǰƮ̫ӵͻȻĴʣʡ͡
ʵ۱ͣסнĽŲ
ڴſڴžĴϼ⣬ͳ˵ʲô˵㣬ޣֻе˶ģ
ޣҲ㣡
̫ӵ»
ֻǴһ仰֮У̫Ѿ֪
ԼĸʣѾеϢе֤ǸϢ췴ʵ۷еϢ
ģ
̫ӵ¿һۡһһѪ˻赹ڴϡ
ʵ۱һ˵꣬ȫ̫ӵĲ״ȥ
˿̣ȴһ£̫ӸУ˷Ѿȫù鰸©ʾ£
ڴеȺ㶼еһ䣺ȻѾˣ
ֻʵ۱ģ˵ʾ£Ҫʲôʾ£ȫҳӣȫɱʬҰ壡
¡ǣǡĽϼ塭
ȫɱ⣡
ʵ۱һ̤ȥ
£ΰӰڵϣԽԽԶԽԽȴ͸һԵĹ¶ζįߴʤ
¼ҹˣ
ʵְҵȻֻǹ¼ҹˡһ˹¼

̫ı
ͻϢһǰ쫷磬ϯȫ
˲ò̾ʱĳʵ۹ȻǷƮҡ⻼
ԵУķ߹ػɱĵڣɥĲΪŰ鱬ֱţȻȥ˻û죬̫ӵı飬ôͻıˣ
췴
ﲻ⣬ⲻ⣡
֮⽫ζŻʵ۱֮ڣʧȥӣ
̫ӸУ¼ǧһ֮ڣϤɱ⣡
ڣ̫Ӹһҹ֮䣬Ϊƽأ
ʵ۱һεŭνΪκһΡ
һεĿǰɱҲνѪ£
ֻ̫ǵıʵ۱˵˼һڵ⻼ȵ⻼ƽϢ֮дãϾ˴ؼһʱ
仹ǶӸոȥڹϣ⣬̫ӵҰģҲʱҸͶ
ʱյõľԲǻλֻ·һѡ
һͨȴֱƿ˻ʵ۱µĿŭۣ
УĲΪһΪںϣ
ʵ۱±ŭ֮£ﻹֱࣿӾͶˡ
ɱɱɱ
̫Ҫ̫ӴĳҪ̫ӵľҲҪ
̫йصͳͳ

ҶЦ˵ʱҲһ
ҶЦȻ֪ʵ۱¶̫ӵΪԲȥ϶ᶯ֣ȴû뵽ȻôȲȻֱӶˣ


606 Ź֣
룬ȴҲ˲ʱġ
ҹȻףûҸǿҩ֪ʱ޹Ųõ̯ӣһʱȵսٶ֣ҵһŻ쵤õ󣬱ٻʮҲ⣬ǰҲ⣬һ̳Ҳǲܡԣĵ
֪Լõʱ򣬻һ̬һҪԼеݻҵԼĶӣúý̵ϧ۵ıȫΨһͻȻ˱ӣ˹¡ǣһԼܻʮ̫꣬вĵλ̣һ̳ˣԼдԪ֣
ʵ۱Ȼ۲ΰԣһӢ֮һ˽ԣԾ죬ף飡
ҶЦ̾Ϣһ

ǰսΣҶЦʵ
Ҷ˧սȫƿأֻһʱȫԭǣһݣսǧɽ뻪ү˴ƾУƽȣʱڣȻܵΪҲ޿ܣϷ󽫾ɽԴȥϷ֮󣬾Ч˵ʱı䲻٣ͬĹ⣬εвˣ
鱨ͷĿ֪ҶЦǹ˵˳Ͷһ㹦顣һ黹淢֣竻ϴĸһ㡣
Ȼսϴɫ
Ҫ֪ԭսǳʵ۹Ƶľ棡
ҶЦҲüëȻˣ
˵ѾƫҼýʿ鱨ӳɿһ
ҶЦһ£ͷǾӦʵġ
󽫾Ƣû£´˿Ѿðӻؾǣð£󽫾Ҳɵģڣ˵ƫְ֮뻹Щƫͣǵ۹ͣ߸һҲδ֪
ҶЦкЩΪο
벻֮Уǰ;ˣϾҲԼһƬ졣
ʵ˭뵽ľ竣Լ޼ɳ֮ѳɣ˴Ӿ·;ȽҶЦΪ嵱鱦֮裬Ī֮
Ψ桭۹湥糱ʾڽڰˣ˵Ŀǰ̬Σյһ桭鱨ӳ˵˫սۣսڴˣȻ۹˲ٸߣսʧ⡭ڣ¾ȫֻѲԶˡʵϣ֮ǰǽ꣬ͻս´˿ѾǱǧ
ҶЦͷ
ڱԼϵս֣ǿ϶Ǻš
ҶԸԭˣǻܰˣǲЦ
ҶһҪһٸԭڣһݣͿսʤ֮
棬սԽţʱҲ÷ǡ
Ψս֡
ȴͷʹ
˵£˵˵Լҵɣ顣ҶЦȡ
󷢳ΪֹѾȫ濪ѱ鲼½鱨ӳһ񣺡ĿǰѾгʮλף£۹۹λνΣȴ޲ߣľԱ̻̲ա
ĿǰЩĿͷѾ·ϡ
ͻһҪ׼ã󡣡ҶЦͷָͷá
ǡ

ڡ
¿νغ鱦ǧҵ򲻿ɵԼܣκ©
ǡ

ҶЦصҶʱѾǵ磬ӭξδܼʵר̾ںһСȥˣʳ֪ζҿɸСӣСڲ;֪ɱǰǰĹ죬СҪǸȥϹ죬˫ƿɲǳصģ
ҶЦЦһǺǣҾǳȥ˹䡭ûȥϹ졭ٺ١㻹֪ôǺǡ
תͷ֮Ҳ
šСӵЩ黹ûнءξأԴСУȴҶЦѾԼСԺȿȣ塭СԺ֮Ů죬Ͻɴ󲻷ˣ
ξһͷߡ
С쵰Ҹô˵ξ޺ŭ
ȴҶЦѾټξ׷ѵֻתһ룬ĳ˸ղ˵Ů֮˵һĳ˵յĳ紦еİУòƻǺɶģҲͷŹĳˣ
ҲˡԺڵҶЦ̾һԼܼҺȥƫƫﲻáĹӸ磬Ҳبźˡ
ӡߴġ
Դ֮󣬱Լǻˡ
ƺǽĳһȤ׵׵ĵ
ÿһͬһ㡭ֱӾͽԼ˵
Ȼ󡭡ǽʱ̢
ÿһµʱԼǻ̱֫𴲶Ҫʲôˡ
ֵĵطȴڡÿһαɶܸ֮оԼڵڲĳ΢ı仯ƺǶԼĶٴʧ˺ܶࡣ
ָоĪȴɺʵڣʵ顣
Լô֮ĶΣԼôܣ
ָоǺ޵ȴʵڣʵ顣
ôͻôŹֵĸоأ


607 ѵѿ
Լţ˼⡣
ȻȻ֪Լ뷨볣㣣ָоȴ쳣ʵĴš
ȻεĲ⣬ȴҲֻý֮ѹԼ˵Ӳ˼˵
˵˿»ùԼǸôŮء
Ϊɶôһ˵
˵ȥԼ
ѾͷզˣСôأҶЦȵؿͨıһ־ͽ⽿޹ǵĽ˻Ⱥ촽űСɾ¼͸һСϡ
¶ڵı޲ɷ˵֮ǰıʥӣôھֱĻ塣
ǡҶЦǰʱ
ҶЦȻȷ䣬СѾͷеĵط֮һ
ԣѾʳ֪ζ˾Ҷÿζ֣ⷽǰԲˬ֡
ȻȺϢԼСɲǼ
ӡţظоԼ֮Уĳһ˵ֱ𣬲ɵ˵ӣмº֡
ʲô£ҶЦʣֻأǰɵĻţߡ
һԼҶЦֻץס֣صصӡҵһ¡
ãǾ͵һ¡ҶЦͣԭز
˼ĵذҶЦһۣЩҶЦ˲ʱΪǣ˵ӣ׻˵Ů֮¡
ͨ죬Ҫ˵ʱŷô˵ڡ
ҶЦиһֻСӽ˽ЦѾͷػ˵ؾʹסŮ֮զˣζ
ǿԼо̸ׯ֮ĵ˵塭𶯡ΪʲôҷоҵġΪĺܿ죿ǲ̫˼ˣһ˵һ˵˵棬ʵˣ˵ǵıԴˡ
ҶЦЩЦڣɵѾͷôʲôǣǿᣬСһѰŮǷ¹Ƶɶ̫ˣȷʵǻģĲͬһߣھѪʢǳ˿ɱȣɶ֮ΪΪᣬΪΪգϣ˴໥ǢᲢããҲ˵ֻҪнƵġɶǶԱ˴˶ĻЦôͣôС
ƶǶĵͷԭˣԭᲢáϰ
ĵ⼸ûоˣӦþԭ򣬹Ȼã˴档
ѾͷôҶЦȻѾЩɴˣеҪб˴ĵĻˡ
Уһ磬ʳ֪ζǺ޲ô絽ڴϣǾ֮ʱﻹ˼ʲôԪԴ˵
ƫƫѾͷ΢ʱֱ̼Ҫѧۡ
⼸죬ͬһΡֵΡɻͷʵǸƺҲΣЩʱû˯š
ʲôҶЦЩȤʱһ
ǸоЩܲԾƵãȻиŮ˾ͳˣĶҿɻ󣺡һʼŭһҪɱ˵ı飬תɺεˡ
ҶЦһͷߣŮˣأ
ﰡͷһҾɱˣǺܳ嶯ָܿܵо
ҶЦͷĺߣȥѾͷ˵ô࡭Ҹûи˵ĵʲô֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
ָֻŵҪȻ˰죬ԼҲȻͷҲ֪˵ʲôˣôأҡ
ҶЦɰСģùЦĺÿɰһ
˵һھȥ
СҪͣȴĳ˶¸ţʱ˵
漴ҶЦһͽڻŴȥȻǵѾתˡ
ߵͨ죬ɴཫԼԴҶЦͷȴξʩΪȡĿ
ȻʱƺǸŮӵĿͻأһŭĵԼĿɭ߷ߡ
ʱһֻоһ䳹ǵϢмƺԼȫھһľɱ䡭
ƫɾʱҶЦѾ½£ĨϮ
ֻоĻһڶҲԿܣǼҲѹȥһʱ̲ס૵ӣҡ
Ѿ롭
ҶЦϡ
ȣʡǪ֡



608 ҩ
֮󣬴δϢȴЪ
ҶЦ§ŰһĽ̾Ŵһֿοʮ벻ԭϱĸоôá
ĵ׸̲ס꣬пԼǰ˷һù
ҪʱûǸĴ֮ͯͺˡҶЦ۾һ룬һYYһ̾оЩֱǻȥˡôζʱշʼƷ˷үҵԴġ
Խ쳱СèһһҲܶˡ
ĳĳò̫ǿһЩ˵
СѾͷǷԭʼ仹ûȫȻȥȴָоǹҪˣСѾͷʶﵹ֣⼸죬ԽԽƵˣ⵽ôء
ѹüͣš
ͬϢδҶЦľҲûſʵʲô
ȴѾ˯˹ȥлӦ
ҶЦûеõӦȴҲû̫£ҲӵżΡ

ٶȵʱ򣬹ȻŵƸ¥صȫ˹⻹дĵرоȻ൱һǧٷƶ񵤵ĲϷ
ҶЦ⾪ϲǣһǧٷƶ񵤵ĲϽռһδĵرһСֶѣµĵرൽҶЦͷĿѣĳ̶ȣ
˼ģȴЩĵرḶ́
ȸģȻųפյɻȱıҪҩģѩ
ǰ˵ģȻжʮѩ
ȴǶʮѩ֮⣬ݵѩȫЩǧꡢһǧꡢѩӦоУȫȻ֮
ӴĿ
⡭ʲô
ȥǰɣؾô࣡ҶЦѾ˵Ǿ˵ѩϲҿѵǽ˹Ѱ𣿡
ߣǲмĺһ
ҹƣعƣϴӴ֮󣬿ڽļǧﶼٳѩˡҶЦһ˷ܡ
ߣֹǼǧ꣬û£Ҳɽѩֺһһ˲мԸ
ϺףҶЦֵ̧ͷȥһ㵣˿ٵġ
ԣҲϵ̫ţ̫һ˰ɣ
һʧ½Χڣ
˷ۣٺһȴû˵
ҶЦղеһ仰ȴ˵׼ʵ
˹Ѱҵ
ǵģŮǽ˹Ѱҵģ
ң֮ղŵ˵ǿţ࡭ʱ֮ǰ½Ҳκһɽѩˡ
û֪⼸ΪЩѩ˶پ˶
ǰûȥĶ񵤣˸Էһţʵ˳ؽ֮һǻָʵȻѾԽ½ļ£ʲôɽɽȫڻ¡
˵Ͼͳһϣһȥһ·Ϸ۵糸һȫٸ·ֱӷ٣Ȼ󡭡·ϱеġЩ겻ѩɽһȫһ׳죡
⼸棬ϱ棬ں¡¡ķ
ҿЩطû˾סŮľٶ֪ˡ
ѩɽȫƷڱߵĻѩȻһգȻѩɻ򵥵öֻ࣬Ҫ֮ϵѩȫУȻͳͳ˻
ȻŮջȻֹѩѩΣѪΣڣꡭȵȡ
ѩɽĵرֻҪݸһģһܹӳŮħƣ
֮ܶջ޶࣬Ŀ࣬
ֻҪѩɽܹҩģνӦоУһΪޣͳͳȫ
Ϊĵѩֽ֮⣬ЩֱӸָһýָ
Ѫʮꡣ
ǾǧѪ
ǰǧ굽ǧ֮ġ
ǧꡭ

һֱǧݵġ
ȫѩΪ˲˴ҩԣԶǷڵĿռָѩѪ෴һһף֪פյûиãǵң㲻Ҷˣ㿴Űɰɣ
ţָѩΣûоްãԼְɣפյòɰɡ
ǶפյûôĶǲģֻҪǿôһǣģ֮İãѩѪͬ߿һۣרŶԴѩѪʲôôԴôԴ
ҶЦһֻģĿİ
ָ桭
桭
һĵ⡣


609 ĵ
֮лҲҵΣ֪ʲôʵȻҿǣҪϹĹۣͣС࣡
⺮½ô꣬һθʹˣҲң
ºðúܣɽʲôһĿȻˣͺô
桭
ǽʯԭģһΣƷѩɽҵҲ桭ڻ˵©죬Ʒѩɽĸ˵˳
ҶЦĿɿڴĿࡢƿ˫ĿãȻֱȻ˵ǵϹۣСòƲ汻ͣˣ
Բۣ
ֱǽѩɽ˵ưòƻֹһN

椶ʵ̫ˣʵǿǿߣҲͲ˰ɣ
šһûŶ񵤣϶ܶһ˷ã֮椶ʵȫԶԶȫ˳ɡ߳ɻɣֻ߻Ҫ٣
ҵģ˵ʵøߵʲôϰ
ˣָͦѩɽϵ޵ںˣһǡǧöͽ׵ĶûҪˣɱСϢбҪġ
ţƱ˵ҲԣҲȷʵò㸡ˣԾͶˡ
ֱӾǿ󷽵ȫʶˡ
ŵ˵ָжɵ֮ļֵֻЩĵֵۡ
λ鱦ǧϰ׬Ǯȫֻ»еһͷ
ȻŬ꣬Ҳ׬Щļֵ
ϵĵһǮˣЩǰƨһ˵
ǡһӴ
νһӴ󡱵Ĳ˼֮ͺһѶһ㣬ȫҶЦ
Ǹ˷֮
ôණȫԼܹҶЦҲ˲ʱô
ˬشӻƿʮŶ񵤣⼸ĳɹûȥãƹ̵ĽһϤɹһ̶ȵᵽµһᾡɣһǹڣ
״ʱһһѽֻƿץղлеЩĶʱɢȻ޴棺ô죿ôôأ
ҶЦǺһЦʵô졯֣ӦҶԹ˵ǣҼǵ֮ǰ˵ȻǴ˵еĲɸ鵤һɹƣǴ˵٣κεҩƣһ㲻ˣеҩˣ񵤣Ҳ⡣
һЦƿĵΪȻһˣݷţҪѩѾˣǸ
ҶЦĵҪʲôģɶ񵤵Ľȣפյʱȫĵо񵤣ǰҩƶķˣԡ֡
ɫЩţɵСģͷЩѩ֮⣬ϣɾҲûѩˡ
ֻЩѣջдѵģҶЦظ죺ôĵرҪǻפյҸɴһͷײȥˡģҿԱ֤һפյԲͨϵģ˻Ƽ֮⣬ǳƷʵġ
ֻҪǷƵפյഺפȻԪȥ˾ͷ֮ʣҲܱղģҶЦĵ
ޣԪ˾ͷ֮ʣϲ̵һ䣬õķߡ
߸ߣҶЦžͽƶ񵤵Ĳȫӽ˿ռ䡣
ְҸ˵һοɵúúõأŶҶЦһֻҪˣ㹻࣬ôղѾͷЩҲǰɣһȫʱҪɶɶװɣ
óҩʱ򣬵Ǳ߾Ѿ֪ˣԼֽгƷˣ
˿ҶЦôһ˵ֱӿʼ˷ܵϴϸ߸Ծ𣬡顱һٸ߸Ծ𣬡顱һ
Ȼ˵Ѿ֪ϱˡ
˾Ǵ˵еġӵ顱εΪۣ
ҶЦ״һֱۼְȻƿڴݣڻֻһ֪ʲôһֱһ쵰ôһ˳ôã
ֶĳ˵ĽȫȻȻ˷ܵ¡
棬ͺһ߲ʵĴϣڿ䣬졭
ҶЦһӵĺߡ
ģûĵ
ʵֹҶЦûȴû˼Σ
һŵ衭
ⳡ棬ֻһ룬Ҳǲֱӣ


610 ö൤
˺һ֮󣬲òҪƳ㹻Ķ񵤣дĽϮǺëëŵĿʼ漴ռ֮һ쫷
ۼӽȥôҩģ˲Ϥ˻һң
õĲ˾
Ȼ󣬴ӵƨ洵
һΣԿû˿Ľ
ȫȫȫˡ
֪̫ĺöԼȥաвС̶Ҵı
Ȼ󣬶һ졭
ĿɼȻ
ţֹǳɼȻֱǳɼϲɼˡɼòþݣѾǺǡˣֱӾǺˣ
ҶЦĿɿڴĿĳĽ
һĿšʮšʮšʮšһٿšһ壬٣塭
һʱ۾ֱˣ
ȵֹͣҶЦһӵĶ񵤰һʮſţ
˸ۣҶЦԲ۾Ŀǲţţ˼
Ƕ񵤰
˵УͥҲǿبԽһǾôһݵ񵤰
ڵȻһÿòҪǮĴײһ㣬ľȫ˳
ɵòҲ̫ôĸ˰ɣһһǧٷݲϣʮųʲô˵ʲô״ʲô۰
⡭ⶫĺϧ
ֻ˵Щһһ⣬۵ʦʶǷֻ쵰磿
ҶЦǰһѶ񵤣оԼԴòЩˡ
׹ǱߣһҲֻҪʮž͹ˣţԣĿǰѾʮʮˣֻҪٸʮţ󹦸ɡ
Լ񲻻ʣӺüʮء
ҶЦ׵ѣˡ
ѣͣãȻ޶ʲôֿɲᷢɵԼ˵֮ԺĲƷأĲƷǴӦҵġ
ܲð
˿̼ҶЦȻ﷢˴òƲ֪ʲôʱĿֲˣʱϴҶЦǰȥһῴȻûӦܸɴֱӾȥĳ˵ͷϷȻ󡭡ص£ĳ˵Ķͷϣ
ˣ
ܹԪֹŽҲĳӲȣ
ȻҶЦΪ˼Ҳ˲ʱðǣͷۿɼٶ¡һһֻޣ
ѾĸʲôҶӴŭ
&%R(ַȥĴߴ٣˼ǣҵĲƷأ
ҶЦôͻһ£ԭõת˺ܲã˶ӵ˵ûУȻҾȫι
¸ˣҶЦǰȥȻɴֱﹾĹˣˡ
ҿҶЦͷϵĴ񣬿˻˻ĳԺ쵰Ҳˣ
ֺһĵ䣬䷢ĵı֤Ժ˵ɶҲˡ
ҶЦһʼľռӺö
ռǱʱǲͶԴģڤɾﻢĻָϬ֮ǰô̺һżʱ䣬òƻָ࣬ѾʼСȵɢˡ
ʱӽȥһЩһãλүֵÿʼ衭
ֶ߲ܣҲɻɣ״̬ʱ򣬲Żôɣһ£ڤĺȫĲмһˣҲһֱǴμޱ޾ռԴ֮⣬ûڤηɢݼȺĸԭڣ
ڵǰĻ޾ռԴѷռ״̬һ㣬ҶЦǸɲڤġ
ֻѾȥЩǽȥľռǲ֣ѾҶЦο
Ϊܹ֮ΪҽģֻռԴȫļһ֣д󲿷ֻܹ˳ֲҩеġ֤ڵУЩֿظõġ
֮Ƕöķ롣
ȻǵֶϿɵĶҶЦȻҲ˷ѡ
һԴͶľռ䣻ۿɼƣռҩ𽥵󡭡
һҩģƷʻԸߵģԵĸߴϡ
ҶЦֻľռ֮Ͷ֮һҵķҩѾ
ΥŨ֮ԴЩҩɢĪģҶЦʶĸоԼĿռòƸӵȹһЩ
Ƕʮ֮׵ѩ϶ǲֱҩģһʱͽֲ֮ľռ䡣
ҲѩѪѪڣݵҩģȫһ֮С
ľռУǶͬһλסҩ
һߵĵѾȲڿռ֮й籩
ƨ棬ҲֿʼһһŵĲ񵤡


611 פյ
ҶЦ׻׻ְĶ˵أһҪפյŰҪȻЩöҪͻȥΡ
ЩöҪͻȥΡغ
Եһ£ȻǸŬˣɵˡ
Ѿֵľ޶öôͻȥǾԾԲԵΣ
Ȼôġ
ԣرǼѩҩγһ硣
Ũ籩ʵʡ
Ȼ󣬴ӵƨ澭֮󣬼˵춯
ʮŵҩôڵĳˣ
פյ
ҶЦץһֱӲʶĿ鵤òԼ֪ͬأνפյôô˵Ĳһ
ִưҡԲ壬һϢ#@#%%
˼ǣƷзƷȫĵرƵĳפյƷʻҪһϵĵƼפյ֮ϣ书ЧܹפݣϣҾ֮·ϣʲô˺֮ĶҲ˲Ȭȫ̺ۣ
פյѾسפյĲΣ컯פյ
컯פյҶЦϲ֮࣬ȴо˲⣬˶ҩ
ֳĬһ£ǲ˵𰸡
ȻҶЦֱӱˣܼ
ԭʮפյݵĵرҩʧһ룡
룬ûлָ֮ǰǶ϶ûпٳȡҩˡ
ҶЦֱᣡ
ʵ̫˷ˣ̫ݳˣ̫̫ɶˣ
˵Ҫȫפյô˵ҪƲãҪѵֵԴ˻ȥ˵ҲûЩĵıԴģǿѭõĶôôֶԴ˺ǲޡ
ɶԼ˵ģȴ˵Ұܼң
⻹ûеûе㹫ôеˣ
ΪҪȫפյǶҪġ
ȻеԼʵȡ˺ôһ֣ô˵
浱ɵô
ҶЦͷɥ
Ǻοա
ɻ
ôĳƷƷƷפյӦŮأ
ôתһ룬ҶЦòֲôˡ
Ӧһţǿ϶ģһţҲǿ϶ģҹһšǿ϶ġ
ߺߡ
ҶЦתΪϲ̵Ļؼȥˡ
ⲻ֪ĳذһˣɵСӣѵóɹֵü
ڷʱûϰʵǺܲģÿһ鱦󣬳Сʱ䴦鱦֮⣬ʱ䶼Լķصĸʲô
Ȼ󣬲Ṧصˡ
Ҫ
һָԼ˼ٿŵ񵤣֯һ
˵컹һ񵤳¯εֻ಻١
ϰѾֵüüˡ
ǰЩѾԽʧһˡ
˵һĵ񵤣
ΨһɻǣòҲ̫˰ɣЧʼֱǱ̬ļ˼飬⣬ЧʣبŲǹ
ҶЦȻصҶ˳ֱӳԼСԺ
ſ죡ҶЦֵ˵
ţʲôɻĿ
ʹ죬ЦԺöҶЦٺһЦص˵
ӿ϶Ҫҡֹ񼲻ϢǹԹԵſС졣
һ̣͸оһķҷ͸룬һů֮Լ壬ȻԼ֮Уһů͵
ֻһ㱵Ĺ⾰ֱȫ֫ٺӯ˵
漴һĸоԼ壬ȫĻָˣ
Դĵ׸оñ֣ҵǺúõģôֻ֡ȫָĸоأ
ѵǴ
ʱҵôˣôԾǸԾأ
ϧĸоǴĻָˣȫָˣ
塢Ϊȫ渴ԭ֮⣬һҲָ֮ˣ
ҶЦͳŮԲɿ֮ջĶγԸ
ΪһŵҩһĶûҶϴ
ҪЩ¶ɶɶ
ҶЦҲֻٳ̾һɻ
Ϊ컯פյ֮󣬻¾ֳһı仯
Ӽ֮УģųһЩʣЩʳɫ֮⣬ɢһֵĳζ
࣬ⷽνΪע⣬ʱ빫ӵ𽵹Чڷɣ
ܸɴԼţЩֵ̿ĿԼ仯ϴһһ顭һֱ峿ʱֶ֣ųûˡ
оԼڸɾ˵ͬʱȴоԼһҹ͵һƤ



612 Ԯ
ʵҶЦ֪Ҳ֪
ʵݣƹ
Ѿȹ£ɿ֤һֻսˣ뷲ʱѡ
ȴԭǾ塣
ȻôһΪ֮ҲѾΪ塣
µսȻһδΪͻʹ̥ǣϴë磬ɱʼջǴһЩԵЩԴĶ࣬ΪԴֻ˳ĵĲ֣ԸֲȻͬȫͬ
ҶЦһ컯פյȴǽĵһԴһȫ㣡
еһУееġȫ㵽״̬
֮ôԼδزİˣҲһȫ
֮ڲĹ٣Ҳ컯פյЧ׵߽⣬ɢ
˵ڵıֳһǰδеǿ״̬
״̬Ҳһӵ˿ԻָıԵֻڵñڻָ䣬һֽܵĿܣνġָ䡱ʱӺ󡭡
ȻεĿܣָ䡱ŲɿԣֻҪһʱٶǿļ䣬˲ʱָ
֮Ҳһ̣Ҳһ̣ͻҡһ䣬󼫷֮һƹ
ֻһУڵıȫ飬ڵҶЦͬҲȫȻ֪
ڶգ峿
ҶЦһǰıֱӵľɵˣ
⼸죬ǳ𺳣ҶүɵһΣǴһΣҲϰˣ
ҶүĿ˵֮ǰıѾǹɫ㡢Ĵ˶ôڵıǰһ
ˮü£üĿ续ԣд
ֱѾ޷Դݱˡ
֮ԭʥിĻϣһֳ׵С
ȻǾǰվţҶЦԾɸоǰСѾͷĲʵһֽλһ
ӣôˣɵôҶЦֻһؿԼɵһ죬޵ʵ
㡭ҶЦĭһҹ㡭ô˸ӣҺúÿ
һʱ䲻֪ԣһĴԼһ߸ҶЦȥã˵ˣˣҡ
սУͱĳǵĳһѱסҿҵϸúÿôô࡭ұҪúüһ仰仰֮䣬ͽǰ˶һֻС
֪ԼҪʲô˼뻢ڣȴ˵ʲôˡ
ԭӵļ顭
ֱˡֻü˵ôһ仰

ңԶĵط
֮һڵĸݵء
Ԫ۷עǰȼ㣬һС
֪ʦүλ᲻ǰһ硣
û취ҲΨмϣʦүܹ飬ǰ֣Ǹ֮ˡĿǰǵʵ϶ϲĶ֣Ϊֻ֮һ˵
Ըʦүܹǵĵ桭
ûģǰΨһϵķʽңҲǱȻܹϵϵģһġ

һǳţҲͬ顣
ǰһۣͬԡʮ˸˳ǿսϣһʮĸˣʣµ̵̻Ļص֮Уµʱɶˡ
˶벻λ鱦ķһʵȻѾǿȵĵزˣ
Ȼ򲻹˼ңʮλָɲ˼ң۷սϣʮ˸ֳУǴ򲻹˼ңôɶλ棬׵޲ˡ
ڳԮ֮⣬ˣ
һʱλҪǵűɱţ;
Ͼ˫λ鱦»ôɱ֣ȻҲԲһĴ֮
һֱԷдѹԣ֮˶ֱָȫսµ񣬱˴ްתء
λӣǰһģֻʱѡ
£粻˳١
Ͻʰλ
ʱŵĸ߲㼸ʳѰ
ΪԷֻҪˣǾɰ

Ŷϵ档
ͬһʱ䡭
ѾȼͻȻҡУеʦүƺͻȻһ£漴ˢһ
ǰһССİ
֮УֻһСֽһ仰ʲô£д˷Ž
ڳ˶̲סӯ
зӦˡ


613 ȥ
˼æѾдԵżŽȻ㡭
ʱǰˢһʧˡ
˶飬ʾ档
ʦүѾˣ϶кܶ೬ұ֪ķǷֶΣǰ飬ҵȷӹȻΪ֮ȣʦүУȴǲΪ桢С
ׯ˵ʦүϣ۷κ漣ǶӦõġȻġ
ͬʱǳţҲڷƵ顣
Ψһڲͬǣǳųֵһѽ

֪飬¾ͻܸ̾һ䣺ԭΣֻ֪ġϣֻԼŻôɰӲֻһ˲
ٹƬ̣Ŷõ˴𸴣һʱ󶨣ʧ
¾㱸ֻʦүǰɵ֮ˣ/ǳʼҡں½塭

һߣҶЦ˿Ҳ󶨡
񵤣ˡ
פ񵤣Ҳǳˣ̫ĲһЩ
Ҷڿνһᡣÿһȥ鱦תйһȦڼϷʳ֪ζֱɶ˶
ֻҶЦһ£֪ΪΣԴӷפ֮󣬱ǰԼ̬ȣȻһĳղİʣȴһԽԽƷչ
һ㣬ҶЦ˼⣬֪ǸǻԼϲǡ
զ£
ģͲǱô״ء

мһ㣬ҶЦűһȥ鱦䡣
ҶЦУνԼĵˣҲʱñ֪һЩԼ顣
ڽʼոԼĽŲ
һ㣬ԱĿǰֳĴǣڲ֮Ľһûκ⡣
֣书
Լ鱦ݣ߶˶ǱҪܣڱȴԾεġ
Ҳһֱδѣ
ԣҶЦճʱ֣صشűȥˡ
ξԴһֻ۱һֻֻۣһִ椶ȥȥˣȻһ䣬ȴΪΡ
ٻơģԴôʹزʱúõѧ㶫ȥҲͰˣؼҾΧŮתڸˣȻŮ˳ȥ죬ĲŰ
ξ̾ϢһԭΪС˳˱תӣˣû뵽ˣʵһ㶼û䣬Ĳݵδܼ̾Ϣһ漴㱳ĿʼѲԺӣټѪѵᡣ
ȻιܼҶЦȥϹ죬ǹ¥ԺʲôǶûʲôˣǺӦõ顭Ϊһ˻£
صһӾͲˣ
ӵĹ۵㻹ǡ
ڣҪԼŮ˴ĳȥϹ죬òƾ̫ˣ˼ҵ̣˼ҵδܼҸоԼֶ޼ƿʩ
˼Ҿ㣬ǰ;ȻظΪ˼ң
⣬ô˵ùȥ

ȥһصڣؿԼҹүĨĨȻͷһ֮󣬾رһ˵ı״ͣĿɿڴƿԣ
⡭ѵǴ˵еɷ
ҡһ䣬ˣ
漴һϲȸԾӾȻҲ
ҶЦһתͷͶϱ緢´½ľĿ⣺ôˣ
ԭ䣬ǲǾνͨ󣬱仯޳ݵ˵ܸܲұֻСӳôѩѩ׵֣˼ҺҪ
ҶЦͷһЩ˹ȥ
ͨ󣿱仯ʢôòе֮
䣡СӣҪѩѩ׵֣еǿѰɣ
˼ҺҪôôϽˣ
ʲô
ʲô˵
ѵǴ˵еġ¥
ֻ˼ܲĳ˲ʱ˼ʵҲñ䰡ѩѩ׵СӡϾ˼ھҪ˵
ţŻһ˵ŮǷ羰ǾǴ¼ľУ
ǺǣʵһԸ߶һˡҲģһ䷨ϤԴûʲôѵġҶЦׯϵĽͣҽ㣬ܼ򵥵ġ
ҶЦһ̵ӣƭСĹ򣬳˶Ȥζ
ĳ˹ӵ뷨ʵҪСѾͷһθıԼλ÷ʹ顭׽ڵһγԵʱǺʹΡ
Ѿͷ϶۵ģǳС飬ҼδĶ
ǰʵȴҶЦ۾
ҶЦ˵ķ˹ͷһ죬Ȼ󡭡Ȼˣ׵ıӡ
̣СѾͷȻҲûһһʹıҲûУҪ˵۵õˡ
զأ
ҶЦԴ˹ʹˡ


614 ͬ
ʲô˵
ҵһõʱ򣬲һ۵ûʹȥѾͷôһӦҲûУ
˺˵Ĳôôأ
棡Ȼô棿ոѧһ¼ܣȤļܣִ˲ƣıȥϹͷǣǵ졭
Ȼ쿪ĳҪһСӣȻûгɹ
ҶЦıΪһƷĻãܣʲôʲô
ӣĺġ㶮࡯ĳݱ飬ҪжݣֱĤݡ
ҶЦϵļ鴤һ£ҲˣɱˣǻҳˣҪҪôడ
òЩĺ̬Ӱ֮£вʵҶЦץһѺɫˮһͿĨ
ͻĺҶЦҲһ졣
ԼԸҲı࣬ЦȲˣڵռòƾǸӡ
һССľӣ쿴žѲҲ̶õԼʷûҶЦ˵
Ů˵ۣκ֮ԭ£
Ȼ൱˶ԣۣͬ
̫ˣ
ؾ˼Ҵñ󡭡
ıóѵҶЦתãԾʰһһѾͷԻܾ⣬·ϣԲġ
˳һ£Լ½ҪȥǸط
֮¼ֱˣ
ۣ
Ǻ
Ȼڲ֮Уȡôĳɾ͡
治ǹӰ
ֱֳͶص״̬
Ī֮󣬱ӿˣ
ֻҺѾͷ˲֪Ĵܣ
仰Աɱʵ̫ˣֱױȣ
СһͷģܣһὫ֮һֱκˣ˵
Լ֪ڹӵܣһһûжκ˵𡭡
ǡһݵʱ
鱦˲ʱ䣬ͬһŮһʧӰ١
һջʮƿҩ
ЩҩԣڿüֱԼҪҪ
ֻҪŵҩܻóԼһ󰡣
һĲƸ
⣬һֱʼϰͷһɻȴڽ֮һӽ⿪ˣڷ֮󣬾̲סٺٶЦ
˵ءΪΪĪ⣬ٶôȱ˼顭ԭˣྐྵˣֱʱղˡ
ԭڵɾͳˣ۵ͬڲͬ˼ǲϲŮֻŮһδŮˣզ˵ءΨһŵҲͲǸŮ˶ѡޱȣһֺݣҪûģҪû󣬵ôȣ벻۵üŰӴι
ҶЦ֮Ȼû˵ϼ仰˴̬ˣҪ˵ּǧ
ϰ۾һʱޣڷһȾǿĵطˣǾǶŮ˵ʲôĵΣֻҪȥУһ̬ӯϲְֵŮˡ

Ȼ鱦ʱܶݣԱǹĿĳԣǱѩ̣˲֪ԼҹĴҵԼҪԼ顣
飡
ѶȻǿʼִ
ȻһִҶЦһ
ΪСѾͷкܶ飬ǽһ죬䴦ַҶЦϽЩ硭
ȻֹҶЦԾҲܳԾԼ˵֪ô£ͺͻᴦЩ£ֻ˵Լ˺öƵһ㣡
ѾͷһٶȱҶЦٴȷԼ۵㡣
ҶЦ֪ô룬֪ĻƻһѪ˳
ôģô۵㲻ˣôɲΪ˶ĿôȻеռĳϷ˽ľǣѾľûǱɫӣǿ㣡
Ժ㴦飬ֱӵһҪĿǰ⸱ģΨˣȷ밲ȫҶЦ仰ñĿɿڴ
ԭһװ磬Ȼʱģ
ԺֻҪ͵öô
пᵽʵðıЩ


615 
ҶЦԴ˺ãûκ
ԱòǾô泯߳ȥûаԼҲˡ
ѾͷԼ͵ǰԣʶΣԼɻ᲻֪
˵ˣҶЦһ޷˵ļ˽òֻһ;ͺˡñ˿ȥˣҳ˴
ò˵ִ˵ĶռʵǺǿģ
ȻҶЦµһƥ޶ԵĴ˶һãһޱȣһۺĳá

صҵʱȴֶⷢղ޼ɾԼСԺǰȺһ飬Լ˸СӣԼСԺſڡ
û˿͡
޼ɡʸҶЦſڵ˵⣬ȻʸǡǰҶЦģδܼûзԾˡ
ֻʱ㣬޼ͻȻãƺĳЩѰ鼴ˣ
ҶЦһı߹ȥʱ޼͵̧ͷ
͵һ˿֮ɫ漴ͻָƽ
ҶЦаͷ޼ɵĶȻǳһȣֻҪˣûвΪ֮ʧģҶЦʣ޼׵ضէһı޿˲ʱָ
Ҳֻ޼ɣֻôĿһ֮󣬾Ȼ֮ͬһ㣬˿ûбİ쳣ɫˣͶ㣬ҶЦ硣
漴ȻŶһм
뵽ЩòԼѾ԰κˡڽְɣ
ЦЦˣλǣ޼һ䡣
ҸɵҡҶЦͷ¶΢ЦȨ
Ŷ޼ɵġšһݵȻҫҶЦ΢΢Щˬ
ţǹԳ񣬽ҶүͯƣڳС׳׶ΣȻԼŮһּ˵ı⣬һҫȨĹ˼Ϊ֣֮顣
ʵϣҶЦ޼ɵۣǴʢʱڣҶЦȻΪˣԵ鳡磬ֳ̬ȣ伫Ǻϣ޼ɣ͵ϳɣľžĲΣް㵱ǰʵеķò
ҶЦǰ״̬һ˵棬Ǵ޼Ŀǰ״̬ôʾΨССͷһö
ЦЦл˵޼ƽ˵
ãٺú̸
˲£ȥ鷿ϲˮ֮󣬱㼴ȥ
ռ䣬˵˽ܿռ䣬Ҳܽ룬Ȼغڷ⡣
޼תŲ豭ãһζţʼûп˵
ҶЦòһҲӣôŲ農ȴţСң϶£㲻˵Ҳʡ
ٹΣ޼ɵͷŲ豭֮еĲ裬ڿˣǰһ£Ҫʷ
ҶЦƽʵЩ޼ڿڣûȫĵ˵ɶ£˵ǡ
漴Ȼѣףղ޼˵ʲô

ʲôСǷ֮裬˵ʲôҶЦæȣ˼޼쵰ôһ仰ͳҺû׼
ؼĻڣСôµģ
ȻܹҶӸ鱦ȫϹϵˣͳϳһˣ
ٷϣû˼ˡ޼üҶЦֻ˵ʵڵģʵǰ벻һͬоٵľ޴竣ǾһƷҪµһʦ
ҶЦ޼ɣûп˵
˵ʵǰǾǰ㵱թôǲ˵ףֻ»Ҫϰɣˣһᣬ˽ᣬԾķڷ޼ɺһһ֪ҶЦ飿ǸײĲĵС
ҶЦͷʼ磬˵˵ףǲˣղЩίʵûס
仰ˣȴˣǡô˫أݡ
ߡ֪㲻ԹԳϣˣóľˣͷɶ񣡡޼ɺ޺޵һ䣬ȣҸ㶨²ԣΪ鱦֮ĵʱǲϧ۵Ϊ˵ʱ鱦ν·ߣʲô취Ťת޿Ťת֣Щ߼޻ˮȵֶΣ۶ϣ԰̾ϢȻӦֶθ޷Ӧõ鱦ǱߣȻϣ鱦ôˣ޻ٵȫհᡭ
ҼҵķҲˣ޼ŭؿҶЦһûа㲹
ҶЦͷɿһҲ֤
Ҫʲô֤ЩԲ߾ˣȻй¶ģȴ˭й¶鱦ģ޼ɭȻ


616 ϵ
Ǻǡ޾԰ɣҲ鱦̽ϢԵɺ֮ǵĽ̸ƶУҲǾԲܵİɣҪ֪䡢ƽ컹ɱƼ鱦Ҫฮ͵鱨£ҶЦأԲϳϣʽƱ磬û֣ȴ汻Ƴһ
ޣѵ֪ޱߺǰһʱҼ仧ƽҲ򲻸ҼҿţȻҪǿˣ
Ҳ˵ޱߺңǵ֪ޱߺǿƵģޱߺʵʵ֮࣬ǵĶԻ˳£
ҿ㾹ȵĲģɺϵ˵˵ˣߣ޼ŭ˵Ǳ㻻һ£ǰգͻȻҸϣѶӵĵϢʱҾ;òԾЩ鱨ҲȷֻฮŴеϡҾ͸㡣ڵϣӸűѪϴĵ౻һ򾡡
Ҳ
ƴڻ˵꣬Ȼ̫Ǳߵ鱨ҲҸ˵ģ˼죬̫ı֮ʱͱˡ
ͱ֪ϵ⻼ʱ򣿡
Ǿ仰Щֻ֪飬Ȼй¶ģ˭й¶ģ
ǺǣǺǡҲߡ
޼ŭ˵СӺ֮ǰ¶ʱ˵в˵ͷ㾹ȻԲѵ˵Ϊκá
ҶЦ۾
ԲۣԴҲ̫ʹȻô鶼
Һ˾ȻĻҲίʵǾϲޣ˵ͷҲˣ׵ǣ˫۾ȻҲûˡڣ˫ȦҲ࣡޼ɺߺ߲ʹˣ˵ҩǡƾҶЦҶүòôҲûͰɣ鱦ķȴǴ˵ң㻹ʲôҪ˵ô
ҶЦ죬޻˵ˡ
þʹ˱죬û˵ˣһأ֮ǰûǰ·ֻǵȷĿ꣬Ǿǳ־ҵʵ뷨ҲĴ㣬òֻжһ˵
˵˵ɣ˵һ죿ôģȻӶ£ÿһ£ǳĿϣţ̫ӺͶһҪʰǣӦȴӶ֣ӾͱţȻҸո룬ûˣһҪֵ̫ӵˣȻ̫ı󰸾ͱˡ
޼һÿһ£ҿеģҲΨôˣһˣܽ־ͨ߻Ȩĵ·һͨڣЩ鶼ǰһȫˡ
ܹôһ֪ôˣֻһҪظһ߸ղѾ˵Ǿ仰ô
㻹ӲŲΣΪֹЩ飬ÿһ飬ﶼ鱦ӰӴڣ㻹˵㲻ǣ޼վͻȻһȣһ̤ϣһָָֻҶЦıӣŭ㻹ڸװͿۣ˵
ҶЦǱܱ΢Ҵˡ
޼ŭأδϢǳˣ
ҶЦ̯̯֣㶼˵ô֮䣬ôаգҲϻô죿
޼רעãͻȻߺЦ־緢ֵĵȻ㣡ղʽƱ磬ò֮һΪҲ´ˡ
˲ʱҶЦĿࡢĿɿڴƿԣ
ԲۣȻֱСˣˣ
һʲôʵ֤ûУͷβֻթҶѣ
ҡôƫƫթ˳
Ҳһʼ˵թҾ治թˣıã浽ˣ
ҶЦ״ָ޼ɣָԲ㣬㡭áá
޼ɺһۣʲôңʲôãҺõúܣ㣬鱦ԱԭҲпԭΪɶƫƫҼҸ֣ȻֱӰҼҴûһ룬º޸˺öǮã鱦ƴ֣ǮΪ˭ںǮôͷ涼ڳǲǸø˵ˣ
ҶЦҧг첱Ӵֵ߳ŭҪʲô˵ӵĸۡǾ֬࣬ûã
޼ɳŭޣôĸô˵˵ⲻǮɣ
ҶЦϣǶ˵ĹûǮ
޼ƶһı˴˻ݺݵӣȻ侹ԲԼͬĹЦ
֮ҶЦͣסЦأֲ֧ĵСԴϵǺʹúܣģͻȻЩˣҵĵˣӣˡ


617 ָ㽭ɽ
޼ɺ˺ߣڼˣޣҸٶ˵һʵɣʵ鱦ĸףֹԼЩһϼ޻֮ô벻鱦ȻƶҲɣֻǱ鱦ǧڵס˶ѡΨֲС˵һ仰ϣͶһ֣ϾǴҵģСȴԼġ
ǰ˵ͽµġֻҪȥɱ֣šĴ󻷾£˭ҵ㣿޼ɺ˺˵˵鱦ɵĻǴĵ飬Ȼ鷳
ҶЦͷһ㣬ȻҲ˼ġ
ЦЦ״ǳάȥô鱦ƱؽΪ˴½Ȩжд̡һΣÿ򲻿ֻͼǰ⣬ǱΣ
޼˵鱦ȻʵǿᣬӺʼղ½ĹԿҪ÷չȥڵֶΣһ٣ͱҪʵ躹ˣʱ򣬷âԣز¶žиԡ
޼ɵĸ룬ҶЦΪȻ
һǴӴȥ֮󣬽ҪȡԲС
ҪȻһζǿƣֻܳΪС
һ㣬޼˵һ㶼ûд
ܺģȫɱˣ˵涼ûˣֻԼһڣʲô塭
ҶЦ޼ɣĵͻһ
漴㿴õǸСӣôˣ
޼΢Ц־Ը㣬һӼ͵ĹңСԣȫûбȨıȾԣܹӵǰʱͿʼһЩȷĶȫһ֮ġ
ң־ӼΪ壬һ㣬еµķ緶ǱʱܹǸλãɱʡʮ飡
޼˵ⷬʱٺܻ飬ء
ȻѾȫƿˣôʱˣң˿۵⣬صʵ۹֮ǧ
ʵϣ޼һǰĿڡ
ı󶯣޼ɵһţһ磡
ҶЦۣ£˵ʵڵģҵǺȤġȻҪǣֵһ׸ԡ
޼ԻȻһ̧ͷҶЦΣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ЦЦѵ㶼ҽѳֳΪ£ǡ۱췴ȡ֮
ҶЦһҹ㲻ôĻıھ£˼ܣŲߣȴûôҰģһ㣬ѾԶ̫ˡ
ԣԼĶλӦǺΪһȨѳֳǿ϶ġԶֻһ֮£֮ϣǵپ壬£
ڶǡҶЦ΢Цţȡ֮ԼʵۣǸҲûʲôϵˡ㰮ҺθɣȨ£ҵֵܣΪ£ҲҵֵܣȻˣҵֵܣ˶ѣ
޼ɿЦ˵ĵˣڿȷ£ǺߣһʼĿ꣬Ͳ£ǡϣ
ǣҶЦκܸɴĳϡ
һ￴ҿίʵ׼޼һֱϲ飬ǴĦ˵˼˶ǣĶǣЩ飬ִ˲ƣģǣҪ˵ƿһУ£ȴûʲôȤ
ˣʼմһ㾴η֮ģһ˾η֮ģͲ̫̫ңΨб˴ƽȵĶǶ˼ǵ˻ʵۣһʥּȥ˭ҷҲȻζˡ
ʵʵģӵĲɡҴһ֮֮ϵλãΪıһݸѾ㹻ˣһ룬Լִһ̫ƽʢʲôо񣬶ҵҵڣ󱻲ǺεȿУ
һݳɾ͸Сֻ֪׷ΪߣһӶ᲻ĳɾ͸У
޼Ϸ⣬٩٩̸һָ㽭ɽĿ
ҶЦ޼ɴ˿̵ӣһ
޼ɵǵͺ½λԣǺΰ󣬺ܸУǴϵɶġҶЦԣȴֻоЩ
⻹ҶЦǻߣֻ֮Աǣмһˡ
뵱ʵۣ볤ϣݺڣ޵С
ҶЦ˵ֱЩ޷ۡ
ҶЦȴҲ˿ᵽһϻʵ壺˸־
޼ɵ־򣬻ߡ˰ɣ
˸־νǿ
ɹģһģҶЦ˵
֪ǱȻģ޼ɺǫһ仰ЩҶЦҭסһ


618 
Ҳ̫˰ɣôĵأ
˵һӦô죿ҶЦʵĴʲôһؽ磬˵˵ûʲôط԰ġ
ҿ㻹Ǳˣ㵫֣ǶСˣ̫ӺͶӶˣȻΨһһϰֻʣһ£в͵ӣ־֡
޼ɵԣΨһҲǽһĥʯɵøţڵɵӣҲǻӻֵ£Ҫһɱ˳֣ҿɾҪͷˡ
ҶЦЦҾôɱô˵ʵڵģȻ竷߰ʼҲûʲôĶ񼣣ɱʲô
޼ɺһ˵˵ûĵ̣
ҶЦűӿЦ
˵Ҳ˶ǵ飬㲻Ȼ֣޼Ц
ҶЦӡ
ǻû˵ģҲô޶ô˿ҲѾԼˣ
ʻӣҶЦĲ⣬ȫΣ
һɱߣ޼ɺһ
ҶЦЦ˵޼ɣɶģܰĿⶨ̫ͣ˵ӵĥʯҪģ־δɻ֮·谭ȴһˣǻʵ۱£ɶʵ۱µĲҸκˡٻʮǲģ
޼ɴͷɥ治֪˵ɶˣ˼ӵĶɱһ˫ȴӶüʮ꣬һ˻߲Ը⣬ҶԣΪȴһġ
ôԪʲô̳ˣҲһҺܶԲĵУһѾ֪ˣôң֪Ⱦģһûôͨ󡭡үӻصң˵֣˵ʵ۱һŭ֮Ѫϴ̫ӹ˵ȫɱ˵ʹ滹˲ٹŮ̫żҲͻȻ䱻塭
үүͲ²⣬ڼ䶨Ȼǳʲôšһ̫Īʵ̫ˣүүҲֻ˵˼޵ġ
޼ɵĻҶЦĿɿڴ
Ĺ̿νǼΪصġ
ЩϺһĽƻƻΣֻƾһЩϸ֦ĩڣ˿ȻƲȫࣿ
Щ˽¶үүҲû̫ϣүүֵǡʵ۱µ⼸ǿиɣ;ƿ֮أֻʱ޶࣬ȻһϳóȻҲһֱڵġ
ȻȻô飬֮ǰֻѪһһغҲʲô¡ȴŭ֮һ糣״ﴫϢҲ˵ʵ۱念ȫû
ûѾȻүү֪˻ʵ۱ȥҶ󽫾ȥ鱦Ͷ϶ʵ۱µĲ鱦λʦ֣κˣãҲǴ󻺽ˡ
ʱүүܸ˵ĺһԵ۹ӳʲôġ
޼ɿҶЦЩû˵أ
ҶЦΨеͷǣûдһ㶼ûд
˵˼үԴôأһ͵õһ˿һ鱨Ȼܰʼĩݵ̶ȣ
ǵĻʵ۱´Ϊǰᣬڲᣬǲᡭʵ۱ڻָ˴ﶦʢ̬֮ʵ۹࣬ԱǧѵһĻֻ꣬Ǻ£ǻ¡ң־ͻС
޼üͷ˵ҹƣ־ʮҵʱǻѵʱʱʢ꣬Ҷʢںƽǹ̩֮ʱʱĽӹλӣһһ̫ƽʢǹʢ
־Եȣȴǿ϶ܵˡǻʵ۱ʱ޶࣬Ҫһ±Ч»ʵģڣҿɵȲĶʮˡԣҪˡڳ־ǻʱҲܾ߱൱Ӱ
ҲǸʱ򣬴ȫԼȨţһ˳¡Ϊʵ۱ָ˭֪᲻ڽһðӣ
оǣ־һĵ͵òҲˣҪıԡ
ӦˣТ֣ʵ۱Ҫοʱ򡭡ˣ㡭
ҶЦЩˡ
޼ɵĿӦֻԼһͷƲԼѾʵ۱ȫκˣǻ⡣
Բ˺һ
ڼʱƶԺʮߵ·


619 Ϊǣ
ңΪ־ѡĵ·ȷϳ־˵Ըȫס˻ʵ۱µ磬ϲУν˿˿ۣ΢ǳ˿ɼ
޼ɡҶЦһݲŸɡǺǣϧˡ
޼ɵһЦԼסãҾϲ·
ҶЦЦЦףȫףȻˣֵһҾȽ·ƽ
޼Ŀעл
ҶЦҡҡͷֵ֮䣬һл֡һһ£˵ǰ档
˵޼֣ص˵
һ죬룬Ҫæʱ㲻ܾܾҶЦ֣ص˵
ҵ룬ʱ¾ҲԶˣ˵׳־δء޼ɹЦ漴ɫһ࣬ҴӦ㣡ܱʱʲô£ҶȴӦˣ
ãһΪ׷˵˰ҶЦЦĻ˵һѵõƤ
ԣ˵ˣ޼ǹЦá
˿̵޼ɣֱܾúܾԺ֪˿̶ҶЦһŵʲô
Լδ켣Ϊŵ췭ظı仯
ˣ˴£һҶЦЦЦ漴ӻóһƿŵҩȥ׾е⣬ͻ֮ȫʧ
ҡ޼ɫͻȻͨ졣
Ȼ֪Լʲô⡣
֮
֮
⣬ֱӵ޼һֱʮˣͯУĳ绹ߡ
ķģҿǵʦЧҶЦʵ޼ɣӦøл֪֮ôΪڵ㡣ȻǻˣҲѾ
޼һЩĲиŬص֮
κˣһжĲһ㶼ҶЦգգۣһǰ˵̬ǵ
޼ɵڵһӺˡ
һжĲһ㶼仰ǡȿȿȣɶ嶼а
ھ޼ôҲǾԲʱҶЦʲôһëˣѵջȥô졭
޼ɶҶЦ˽⣬¶һԸɵó
Լɾˡ
ţÿˣˣˣȫˣ
ɴģŲˮһͽŵҩȥ̽棬ʣµĵȻ˵
οΡ
ƿÿƿﶼŵҩֻÿһֳһţţһδķˡȻһţԼűãԱʱ֮衣ҿɶԣղ˵ʲô׳־δⵤҩ֮󣬾;ԵĲˣ
ҶЦݸ޼ƿؿ˵ΨһؼÿһֻܳһţǧҪס
޼һȻЩסˣ
޼ɵͷԴ֪ܲԼյģԾԼĺֻӦ˵ǡԼ˵ġ
ҶЦЩźԶ㼸ţֵҩȻҲֻиԲʮŶѣҪҲģȴһҪġţӦҲ͹ˡ˵ˡڲõĽҲ㡣
޼Ȼ̧ͷţҪˣ
ͻȻ۵ӿŨŨʧ벻ᡣ
ʲôôӦ˵һʲôڻߣ߲֮ɡҶЦЩȷ˵ߵʱһһ㣬Ȼһ鶼źá
޼ɴͷ̾˿
˵ﻰ޼ϰҶЦĴڣо֮ʱǣ˸Էչո¶ͷǣһǣδʶ壬ȺףҲԤ뵱УǱʶоΪһһֱȥһֱȥ
䣬㣬ҡ
䣬뵱Ȼľ麮½ȻҶЦѾ鱦һʦһǮˣ޼ĵȴǴ޽٣Ҳ޶ʺޣֻΪԼֵܿĶѣ
һʼ˶Ǵͬһλ
˭ҲǣֻԼ֪Լ
һͬ
꣬־λʲô֮ģ
ȻҶЦ֮ǰ˵Լ־ǳ磬Ϊµһ޼ȴҲû̫ҶЦĻ̫£ֻţƣϾ½Ѿ̫Զ̫Զ£ûгֹԽޣλĴˣ
ʱ˿ͻȻ˵ҶЦȻҪˣңߵʱ䣬ѾûмˣͻȻĵ׷ѹоȻǲɶƣ
ȻҶЦûߣ˵仰ʱʼѾ޼ɵͷȻ޼Զ˳ŵԣ޴ƣ֮Ա


620 ˵©
ȻҶЦϵĲƴڻգȴиĹۣϾֵҪˣһߣڲ֪ʱ
޼ɣҶЦоҲжһ
òǱһ˸Ⱦˡ
죬һƬƽ˾
ҶЦ׼ţӦŵĴַˣǰǰѾʮʱˣԤеķȴʼûе
ҶЦԴ˲Щ֣һηôѸ٣
һΣȻôٻ
ѵһķˣҪٹһ£
ôҲ̫ƽˡ
ʱΣŮȻû˵ʲôǣ֮еͿȴԶ׼
ʵʵôǿŮˣפյֶʱںġ
ԣǧҪڡ϶Ůޣ
ҶЦԴȻװףʼվֹֻڰοδҪƵפյλƷδܹȴһǿǰδеģλƷƲϱϳˡʦ֮⣬Ҫ൱ĻԵأȻҵĵΪ¯ԭѾɹֻΪһ̵¹һ񣬽һ¯Ʒ
ŮԴ󾪣ǷҩĲˣôǺã⺮½еѩѹһˣʱھ޿Ѱٵѩ
λƷפյвܵӦ֣ǷԸһݵѩֻ֣λƷפյѶȣƷ΢һפյֻҪƼģҲɽܣ
ҶЦȻãλǲηĳĵôȻ˶Σĳѡһϵһڣʳһȱģλѡ̫÷ĳʧˣ
Ů֮˲죬л˼ܹɹƳبŲĶ񵤣֮ĵƼƷΪԵһˣֻǡṩѩʵޣȫǵΣԲ⡭
㵱ǰ̬ȱκʶˣ˽˱ʵ˿ǰ׹ӡаǷƸ¥ˣ½ţʸˣԲԼǰһУ
֮㣬ƶ֮񣬾ȻҲôίȫһ棿
ŮôΪίȫʲô
ҶЦ°Ե֮࣬ȴҲҹڼλˣ֮ǰȻСʧܣ˷ʮѩĳȻǳأ϶ϲʧҹƣǸλƷפյˡ
仰ʱһڴˡ
ҶЦ϶ǲھóƷפյģ߲Ÿõҩģž˳
Ǿɶˣ
һ㣬ӡһγɣľͻᱻˡ
Ůһ̬ȸʮ죬˵ľʮһ飬ʱҲͲˡ
ã
˵һơ
ԴˣҶЦյ쳣ȷ
ʲôԴһפյҶЦǲãòֳƷƷλǳרĵƣﻹʲôһĻɫ
ҶЦһֵ񵤣
ңһλĸ˶ʮţ
ǰǰҶЦĶѾʮĿţ
ڰʱ֮ڵģһ»ֻǹһѣ
õôĶ񵤣˷ܵü˹ȥ
˵ʲôǱȼƷפյܹ˸󣬾ֻж񵤣㹻Ķ񵤣
ֶôĶ񵤣ӵһΪǾܡ
ڣͬ׸ҶЦͳʮŵҩʱ⡢Ƶһ仰
׹ӻָò˰ɡ
仰ĿܵȻ˵
ֿɥʧ裬֪ʶش
ڣϲĵ״̬֮¡
Ȼϲãȫ˼˵ƵĶЧǵԭԤ֮ϣĿǰѾָһСˣʮš
˵ͻȻס졣
ͬʱһֹĿԣڶ
رú
ŭߺ죡
޺޵ĵҶЦһۡ
Ļ쵰ȻҵĻ
ƫƫϵˡ
ţΪʲôҪá֡أ
쵰
ҶЦòȻĵͷװûпɹһۣҲ⣬ȫԸ⡭ţʣµķ໹죬ӦþܹȫˣǾ仰ȫԸ⡣
һȻûϴ£֮Ȼûĳ˵Դޣ˵ǱʶУû÷֮˵ԴޣʵνȻǰȻؽ磬Ҳû֮ȣƵ񵤺Ƕһдĵʦ


621 ҵŮˣ
ȻֻҪ΢ЩͷԵ˾ͻղ˵ģѾָһС룬ʮš仰δ֮⣬ǺԵΡ
ǰһõʮĿţѾָһСʵ
һͬʱã˵ֻŻĿţС֣Σʮţضܹȫָʵġ
Ҳ˵һʮţͲ࣬ڵ֣Ѿȫˡ׹Ҫʮţ
жʮŵͷ֡
ʵͰ׹ӵıԼԤڶۣôĲ֣بԽж񵤵Ч׹ԤԼָһʵҲҪʮʮŵķܹãˣÿĿŴ¾͹ˡ
ĽʮʵҲǲġ
ڰ׹У֮ĵΪȻߣȻܹɹƳܹĶ񵤣Ҫڶ̶̰ʱҪƳʮ֮࣬쿪˵Ρ
ǴԤϵǣ֮費ڼ̵ʱƶ񵤳ɹڽʱŶ񵤣ȫܵ񣬳⣬ǰ·һƬ
ң׹ڷù֮࣬Ȼ֣˼ҷ֮ƶ񵤣òЧڴжԭЧЧ̫ߵ⣬Ҳ£ʣ󳬹Ľ
ʮͷ֣ҶЦǵĻôܵһǰ
Ƹ¥ȫ˵鱦󡢷֮κεĲǣ
ҲǸղŭ־ԭڡ
ΪĶʮŵ԰׹ӶԣνҪ޿ɸӵĵز
ص죬ֻʮŵ㹻ĳ룡
ʱ϶˸ǡ
λʹȡʮŵ
ô׹ӵʧɾ̫ˣ
λȻƺȫûһ㣬ܸɴ˳ŵ֮ӦþȫˣĽȻǾϲ֮
Ƹ¥±о£ǽ͸ˡ
˿ﻹλԴӺʹ֮ٱ̽ʲôڷ磬ôԼǡĪˡ
ŮŻˡ
ҶЦŮ뿪ıӰ¶һ˿΢Ц
ҶЦͷԣô©ôҪϢǣЦһŵһŵǰǧףӦʰ׹ӸʮŶ񵤣ȻԼܼ˵ʮžʮţԲۿۣδԿܱ˴˶ȴֽţֽţȲ˵ˣҶЦԼԼ
ȱԶԶǶʮŶüֵ

˵¶ڷ֮λûʲôķӦУ׹һѩۣĿ䣬ͬǳ󺣡
ԴΪһָ֮󣬰׹ӵȷȿνһķı䣬۷ʱɱȥ
̺ܿ죬У׹ӻ˼Ĳɣء
ǡͷɫЩ԰ס
β֪Լο£ǴĴ¡
ڻһʱˡ
Ǿû¡һߵаҪ˵ĵڣ׹ȴʱֹδ˵֮ǰһ΢Ц˵Ƿ֮Ϊˣ²ֶơ⣬ʲôʧر㵨СأﻹǴ˵е֮㰡
⵱ڻ鿪ԼЦ㼴˿ȴǵʱȷǲ˵ģйعδƣ
׹ӹЦСѾͷ۶СǾһ˵˵ǷˣµĶˣǽֻΣϵ£˭Ұ׳ʣѾͷΪһҶĿȻ˼ˣ˵÷ģֻǷ㾹Сҹӣ
һ룬ɲ
ϵ¸ҶԼҹ˵ˣҲʮˣ
ЩУԲǸ֮裡
Ǹ֮衭ôң
ˣܾ⣬ȻԼƫˣ
ʱչһЦ¾ȥ
ķĵĽ뷿Уа˵飬԰Ҹˣ˻ߵ治࣬ôҲǸ֮ɣ
׹΢΢һЦȻԣ֮ȻиҸˣĵ㲻ңҲң
Ϊβ˵أаǲ˵Ȳ׹Ӳ࣬ӲĳС
ǰֳϲֵصϹ˵ʵ֪˵֮һп֣׹ӵһۣ϶ŮˣΣʲôȻҵţΪˣԼŮ˿֣֮С˸ǶôĲְ
аͨ죬߾˫֣˵ĶԣҴˡ


622 ֮Լ
׹ļ򣺡аΪһˣεΪҲãػҲգԼŮˣһҪãĵ׵ĺã
ΪˣΣԭ򣡡
׹Ӵ˿̵ЦݣЩůζ
аȻ𾴡
׳ֵʧ϶ʧˣǵ˵λһģңôҩģǰƳšôȵȫյĳɵĿԲֹʮţĵ裬ƽ򲻸ţ侹˵ţһǵȵͼλ֮ϡ
аؿڵסϽסǸǵҲ֪Ҳϣֻʱп˼ôϽ˵Ƴʮֻ֮
ҳԤ㣬Ӧû̸ʮĿ֮ٶһЩΪ飻ЩͣĿӦòܶ࣬ҲʮŰ˿š⣬Ӧûб
סҴס˵ʲôأʮŰ˿ŵĶ񵤻Ǻֻܶ࣬һ飬Ӧûб˵׳ʲôأ㲻֪񵤵ôĪ˵ʮŰ˿ţһŶ񵤣Ҳ飬ôûСڿôôأаȵĵ
ڷ֮˶ԣίʵ飬ʦԣ㲻ʲôֻΪѣֻΪᵽ񵤵ļֵӦһϻͬ˲ͬĵһƼ鵤ȻǶǶԣҲǼΪѵõĺöԷԣǣ׹ĵĽ͵
㻹˵ȷʵ񵤶ʦֻҪ㹻ҩģ׻õ£ίʵǲգšƵߵǻᣬǶٵĵΪأа׷ʵ
ûˣǽһ仰ĶûˡΪĴλ᲻֪Ķʮţ͵ǰͣȴһ仰Ҳû˵ȻѾ˰ǶʮţΪ⡣
ȻѾ˶ʮŶ񵤣ôҲòˣͳ鵤ֻԵ鵤ֵǮ֮ǺҲĲ֮١
׳̾Ϣһ֮Ҳ͵һ仰ˡ߰˸˵ľ֮·Ϊû仰ܹõģʮŵͬĵ񵤡˵ҲίʵЩϧʱҲҲҲίʵĲǿ󡣡
аЦܹöʮţѾǴ֮ϲοеЩҲòİɣ
׳һЦǲ̫̰ġ
˶٣˵ȻˣҺˣһȥλ۾ʵ˵֮һ仰һغǡǸʱȥ
ΪҲ֪˿̣ѾٶȼʱҲǵһؼҲ˵
׳΢Цš
а˻Ǻ˼ġ
˼׳˼ţĿţƵ³ôһ仰ÿһ֣

һת۾֮
׼ʱԼ鱦
˿̣ŮԵ쳣࣬һɱ׼⽻
ƶ֮ϣƲ֡
λˡһƣ۽ӡüû˯ֻ߾ȫû˯ĵУҪ̱ϣɫҰףɬҲˡ
ŮԶʱһϲϲɫģ
»мٵģҶЦǺһЦƣ״س廳ȡ˸ƿȫ֮ǰѾˡʮĿţ棬ʮţǣʮţһҲ٣λ©е
ŮǿԶסеĪȻҲŷ֮費٣ȴԵиһùƿһſŵһ飬ȫȷ֮ųһȻˣ
˫˫һۣԼɳŵƸ¥¸мȻҵȽ£ʹ˸ǡ
Ҫ̸ʱ䣬Լ˾ͲҪˡ
ҶЦ΢ЦţסŮ˵ڲ֮¾ҲλΣҶʶһȻΪ֮ʱҲȤοʱλҼæֻϧΪΪУʱ˶ݣίʵΪ֪ΪС
ŮЩ㶵ģǲ⣬˵⻰ʲô˼Ц
ҶЦһʱλҷ̫̰̫̰֮ˡʲôöˣģҪֶβͶգ伫µΪҲλкǲɡ


623 ǵ
ɰδһ⻰òƺܲûش˵
˵ûаɣǻУ˵аɣôûеоôǿء
λﶼ֮ˣȻ쳾£ȴʼӾߣͺ쳾ȻҲͲ֪ЩӣͼӺ쳾һϴƴжټҶЦȻλȻԷⱾΪȴò⺮½κ¡δһĵرָԱۣλУҲǲмһˡ
ˣͷʾϿҶЦ˵
ǵģȷӡ
Ϊλ治ͬ۽粻ͬȻˡ
ȷ˵ں½һŰѩΣʮΪһĲҩֻһΪôŮȥһҩѡҪ½İѩΡ
Ϊ̶ȲͬΪǲͬ
ѩ½λʮΪһòһΪȴؽΪ׶Ρ
еķֱԶ
ܷһᲢۣ
ЩԴ˵ȴԼΪĪݣҶЦص˵ԣøְ취ȡҲãĥӲҲգ֮Ǵλ࡭õˣȻôǰжҲãɱҲգλĸԸҲãвòҲգʼվǵõˣм;վֻһ
߿У׹΢΢һЦа˵֮һٰףȴǶѾͷ˵ġ
аͷҶãڶ˵ֻ˵һ͡
ʵ˵ҲûϵΪȫ⡣׳̾Ҫһ·ƴߡʵ̫
аɡ
ֻķٶȿڡ
ΪֻһĳΪλԵ׼һΪٱġһ⡣
ҶЦӻȡһöռָóƿ
ƿλÿһƿŵҩҶЦһλڵΪĿǰӵеΪ֮ĵҩ϶òˡĳŵҩȴܱٱ֮֡ٲó£α
α
֮ƶ֮֮ͬʱݣ
ٱ֮֡ٲóαǵȷһô
ʾ⵽ʲôҩɻ˵
Щŷ֮˵ǵŮڵĲΣίʵѾλ֮ķ롣
λܹóȷŮ֪ĵҩ˭Ҳŵģֻ˵ǲš
öҩֽǵҶЦͣĽԶҪ⺮½հɡλں½λ涼ɳƵ޵С֣δذɡԣλٻȥ֮󣬽һƿת׹ӡһƿλƽ䣬ÿж֮ʱֻЯһţ˾Ϳˣεն֮£
ǵһЩɵն棬ɢ֮٣֮ѣǡòԱɷʽӦΣֵʱ򣬱ȥһţ˹߻֮
ֻҪµҩٿԱ֤ڱԴ֮Ծһ鲻ҶЦ˵ֻҪ׹ܹ֪Ϣ֮ʱһͬĵҩһ֮ڣصѰңһܹӦһ顭
ţؽ磬Ǳ˴ңԶܹð׹һ¶˵ĵط̫ܲɣ
ҶЦһɫҸţ԰׹ͨ쳹صֶΣֻҪҵһ㲻飬һܹ
ⷬ˵
ǾҶЦǰƶ֮֮㣬֮еİ׹аҲĿɿڴ
Ȼ˵ҩҩЧʱ򣬲ǻɢһ䣬ٲֱͺŮضһ㣬ҩЧȴָǺεȵ֮ҩ
ȻԱ֮Ծܹһ飿
˵Ա˰
Ҫ֪죬ڰ׹ֻҪһδ˾ǵͬûӵĲ
鵤λᣡ
쵤ҩֹûмֱû˵
һ飬ȴǷôˡ߿У׳Ƿ飬УȴǻϲΪĸԸǷģ
ŵҩаЩۺˣԲۣһһĺö׳һǵøš
׳ûķݣ


624 ȸԾȥ
аԵί֮ҿòΪ㣿ûĵŵҩңɫ˵ľѾˣ
׳ֵĶã죡
аʱһᣬֱӽͽסˡ
µֱ֣˵
ǣԿ
棬ֱӾˣ
ӹƿҩʱֶЩˣл⣡
Ů֪ƿҩԼ˵ǶôҪ
죬û˸Ҷ׳ҶԼ˵ģȴǾԲ
Լ˵ݣͲϿɡ
Ҫһֱڹߣ빫ӳΪޣţҲһǷޣΪ檣ҲǲϿɵġ
ҪٵѹգʵԼ
ΪΪ˽ΪΪ棬ҪɵԼ˵ˣͬĲ
Ȼҩ룬ܱ֤βĻᣡ
Ҳûбصˡ
֮ǰ˴˷жԡ˼ͮͮģΪ鷳ȴܷȷʵǡ֮
Ժ󣬶ҲҪΪеġҶЦһЦ˵ʵϣҲûҪǽѡһ죬ҵ죬ʱҸǼҹӣԾֻǶ֣ѣ
ŮȻ
벻Ȼѻ˵ôֱס
Ǳ˴˷жԣĨɱҶǰôæл⡣˵ˡԾΪУ㽫ҪϣҪôҵ
ҶЦص˵ǧĪҪڱ˵
Ĭһ£֪ô˵ΪԼеֲ˼Լܹ鵤յİһЩим˫˫л
˵ֱ꣬Ȼ˵ˣ˱ˣΪΪУҽöԶǵ÷ʢ飡
ΪѣԵεཻΪУҲ飬ղŵһ仰ԸΪ֪ԸΪУһ˵
ãһԸΪ֪ԸΪУҶЦЦ浽һգҲǲ飬Ҵҵκε飬λһҪעⰡҿսթĺŶˣô
Ů˿Ϊչ΢ЦֱٻʢţѤ޾
ˣλ֮ǰν̰ν̰ᡭ֮еһжУϤһɨգΪԼйǵ뷨еԵĲ˼
ôҽþʹ˸ˣŮһǳʮ㡣

֡
ŮոתٶȻͷ
ֻλˬʵЦգ۾˵˵λͷϷûϳأôҪظأפյѵλҪ𣡣
˵ţһ̯֮УȻӨ͸ƿƿ֮УŵҩŷȻÿһη֮࣬ٻһĹ
ѽ״̲סĻһЩҪƲסȥһѱס֮תһȦ
ֱ̫˷ˣ
ֱ̫ϲˣ
ֱ̫ˣ
ֱǡֱˣ
Ůҩ֮󼸺ȸԾȥ
ۿŮ˻ϲصˣҶЦҲ˼ůЦ⡣
ԺΪΪУŮΡܳȫһЩǶȫһЩ
ΪǱ䡭õ¡
˵װסа°ͣһɣѾ¶ЩԾأûƵĸо𣿡
׹ʵʲôԾôûأ
аһһĶѾͷڣһå࣬ʲôΪ֪ΪУʲô˼ȻҡòСӿѾͷ˰ɣСЩһǽǡ²ɲһ̫ŮˣûѾͷʾҪСԸΪ֪ԸΪôٺ٣ٺ١
˵꣬أԹЦ
׹Ϊ֮ᣬһͷϣûãѾĸϽһӱ޳ܵ˼룡²޳ܻ쵰Ͻȥ
аźףһߣѾáҡҲͿСЦôѾͷصӣ¾ǼһᵶᰮҲԶ᲻ȥΣǵġССɫѣɫѣҿõģ
ĳ˿أ죬׹ȴѾһˡ
а״ΣֻҲϽȥ

ҶЦ֮ƶ֮֮һֱһ˼ı飬Ͼţƺڿ飬ƺڵȴʲô
飬ѾЩʧζˡ
֮̾˿
ǡڴʱһŵͻȻҶЦ֣Ϊ޶˶˵̾Ƭ£Ȼʲôܹ÷ͽ̾κô
ҶЦͷ΢Цܾ⣬ִ֮̾ǻ۾ףһ£Ҵ˿Ϊ̾أ


625 Ϊζ̾
˵ţתֻԼ󣬲֪ʲôʱѾˣ
׹ӣа
аƮݳ׹ӰѩվȻˣԾɳֳһĿҫ۸о
аۣ̾ĵԩҶͷһ棬Ϳʼ࿼Уˡңҿǻش𲻳ġ
ö˶˵˭֪ʲôͻȻ̾
㷴ͷΪʲôֲ̾Ļ׳棬ܹ֪
ҿʵǰ׳Сӣ
Ӿ͵ſֺˣ˭Ӯ˭䣬кϷˡ
׹΢΢һЦ룬ִ˿̵̾һʧ䣬һ֣Ȼʧһ֡˵㯡һУΪģΪң
ΪҰ׳ԣ̾׹Ӻǿ϶˵
авһ
Ϊ㣿
Ϊ˭湻ġ˼ûɵ̾ȻҲ˵Ϊ㣿զ˵Ϊ˼ҿŮ˶̾أ
ҪңԻΪղȥ˶̾Ϣ
Ϊ˱ģӸոͳȥôöȴһӵҲûֻ䲻۲ĻɶԸΪ֪ԸΪУ֪ˣҪǲΪ̾Ϊʲô̾
һҪ̾ģ
Ǳ׼𰸣
Ȼı׼𰸣
粻ǸӣΪɶأ
ȻλĻشаһεȻ
ҵȷΪ˰̾Ϣǰ֪ҶҡķȻôĳˣΪһˡΪһ֪˶̾
аоԼĵ޷ˡ
զ¶
ղ㶼ûΪҲԲǾ档
ö˶˵뿪֮Ϊһ̾ʲô
ѵĶ԰׳Ǽһеʲô˼
ǰ׳Ĵ˧綼мһˣܴͼλСС
ޣϹĥʲôأ׳ǼһʲôҲûʲôġޣôԽĥԽƫأˣҿǷ֮һвĳɷ־Ӷ࣡ҲĻᣡ
ȻֻλʵȻˣΪ̾ôҲˣΪʲôΪ̾
аֱӾ˹ʹˣ
Բۡ
֮˵ô
ҿֱ񾭲ڲô
²£ʲô
Ҳ£ɶ
¶ˣȻٲ£ΪʲôҪɶء
Բۣ
аֻоԼͷʹ
ڵΣֱȷ֮԰׳еʲô˼Ҫó
Ȼһֱ֪׳ǼһҴòƴûãȻܱҴô࡭һ㶼޷飬Ȼһ͸Ȼһ˵ȥ
ǡΣ
ȵȣڶԻĿ˰
һԻˣѵҲˣ׳ĵز
Ļ˵ҲҴ
ΪʲôҪ˵Ҳأ
ҿˣ
ԭڳ֮Уһɵģ
аɫΣ԰һͣòٷվţȴ촽գһ仰Ҳ˵
Ϊһ˵ʹûܵ׼
Ȼ䣬ǰ˲Լͬתͷаһۡ
֮УϷʣЦ⣬һɫһɷʣ
ݣǾȻɵƣаױˣŭڣ
˿ͬʱһȻζȻû뵽аȻ仰ö֮˵ڡȻǶһۣȻЦ⡣
˶ԶԷ֮б˼ǼΪ
ΪԼҲ˼ɵƿǵȻܿɵơɵ治ѽǰôûء
аоԼ׵ıˣ׵ıˣ߷Ȼߵ輸ԱߣԼݲ裬ԼˮԼ裬ȻԼȡ
˵˽ҡ˵仰Σǽڡ
Ҳ˰ɡ
ɵƣⲻִ⻵۵Ļ˼롭˰ɣ
ߣ
ֻ׹˵Ȼܹ³ΪҶ̾ȻҲܹˣΪΪ̾
ԸꡣҶЦ΢Ц
ôʱŷһֱΪնֵģ׳΢Цţ˵ֵ˼֪֮ǰ
Ϻ绽꣬½Ūڹ֮У˵ΪƣΪ꣬ҵķƸ¥ֵķƸŸʵһ㣡
ȻֻǾӪ鱦󣬵ȴѾǱĬ֮УҲŸһ飬Ǿǡ´ơ
˵ߣô飬ǽѾ߹·ٸȫ˻ȥ
Ƿһֱ顣
׳˼һ£һ鱦ȴһսһֹ£һִ½棬ңɣɡ
㻹ĺڰ


626 ޴
Щ飬էƺ鱦ûʲôϵǣս´½棬һ˽˲ҵܹҡϸϸһ룬֣޲鱦أ
ݳɾֻͣһ鱦ͽ֮ƶңǰʱ䣬ֻ˲һʱ䡭ȻǰĳҲòԷֵһ
־žޣ½ϣ˿ɱȣֶ½ϣҲ޳ң
׹ӵ˵ֻϧǡֵĶ֣ңǷƸ¥
Ƹ¥˲ҡƸ¥ҵֻ½ŮӣһΪ޵£Ƹ¥Ծ޷ⱻΪƽصĽ֣
Ȼյֵǻıεľ˫սԲ۶ôԶĪ⣬ҵķƸ¥Եʵ֮ǰֻ޼£
Ƿˣȴεʵ
׹ӺЦЦб޵˫ü΢΢һ
ҶЦȫעĿŰ׳˵˿ͻȻо׳һüüëһȻݷѾõͻȻȻɳ
һɻоƥȻ
ҶЦ΢΢üͷһһֲ䡢Ȼ
׳Ҳһʱ䣬ͻȻоǰλԼüĻؾ
Էһ˿⣬ȻҲأӲ֮ƣ
һ֡ԵĲԵİǣԵġģ
֮ܶһ仰ң㣡
ָоһð׳⽫Լ˵ڵĻͣһ¡
Ȼһйƽ
ȷΡҶЦ˵
׳΢ЦԣȻ㾡ٰ㲼ƣȴһֱڱѹţƣǸıҵķƸ¥ѹġ
Ȼȴ޿κΡ
ΪѹסģǾԵʵȻı£ľʵңԶԶ硣
ѹ£㲻ϵϵŬҪѹСȴ֣ᷢ㼴Ŭپãٶ࣬Ծɲġ
Ϊӵеǳ硢λ㣬ǡһܹõڶԴƴؽ֮֮һλս
ʵǿƺƴʵ޲ɼʤ㣡
֪սκʤϣȴʼû䣬ңһαһη˵ĸϬ
ҵѹڵ㣬ְ۲ص̬һǰġΪһ޷սʤĵ˵ʱ򣬻һֱδǼֵɫ
ô˵ʱֻһʲô̬أ
ǽһ֣УݿȻΪҵʱ򣬶ˣη壬ʼմбʤģôڶЩ˵ʱ򡭡ȫУڻ£
˵ǷƸ¥½ĳ֮˵ʱ򣬶ֱѹ壡ʱȴǳȫȴͣ
ȫ˽ʱյ㣡
꣬һҲֻôһˣ
񣬷ͻ䣬Ҫ뿪ˡ½Ժͽһ˵̨ȴû˶֡
ˣڶʱ֮ΨһĸֻܾвӦΪ½ѾûˣֵֵĿ꣡
һصѹţѾϰˡϰΪˣͻȻϵѹһʧˣ״£ڵһʱ䣬߻˷ܣ߻ȸԾȷֻǰѣսʤѹ֮ˣ൱һʱãȻ
㣬Ǻεȵĸ˿УģӦǡǰ׹Ӳߣһֱȥжã
ʧ䣬㯣ļįûĿ꣬ȫǻԭ򡣡
ֻ̬һ֣Ǿǡߴʤ
׹ӿҶЦģ϶˵νߴʤ̬֮󣬻൱һʱ䡣
⣬ΪʲôҪ̾ɡ
ǰǻңǴ½߽Ǳġ˻ܶвֵܹ࿴Ķ֣ȷʵѾǡһûˣ
׳˵ʱ޴߻Ὣ䴦һҵ÷飬ҲģȴܹҴ֮£ɱһâ޵£
ҺοܹΪһ޴Ҳʧ䣬Ϊվûܽݻ٣
ԭΪϣܴݻһеģ׾٣ȴҲû뵽ԶͣЪ֮£޴ڵĴѹȻԾɲܴݻģ
ҲҡԸ⽫㵱ֵģԭ򣡡


627 Ҷģ
׳ص˵Ȼ㣬ֻں½Ķ֣
ҶЦϸһƪۣڣ˵һ仰֣ᷢҲֹ㺮½Ķ֣
һ죬㲻ʸ񣬸ҳΪ֣ҶЦ̧ͷĿ⣬Ű׳
׳Ŀ֮УĹâһ΢Цһ㣡ĵǸΣһῴ㣬㡣
ʱҽκεġ飡
׳˵
˴˱˴ˣҶ㣬ҲԲκε飡ҶЦһЦңܵǸһң
ص˵ڡ棡
׹ӹЦ
һ̣׹Ӳ˵ڷղŵҰ׳Զģ󲻹ΪΪУ꣬ңһ
ڸղŷ͵ҩŮľٶ׹ʵ֪飬Լ죡
⣬ҲԼжȥΣ
޷ܵĺö
ǿˡҶЦ֮ԻǼŵҩλֻλ֮ǰҺܴæͶұֱڼʱ͸λһС˶ѣ޹أ治÷ϡ
ЦЦ˵ô֣µ˵Һղˣ
׹ɫ˿֣Ѽĵл
̬ȳϿ
ҶЦ״Ĭһ£л
һӦ֣ͬѼ˿ͬĸоˣ׹Ӷ⡣
˵ĵ
аһһ̾ͷɥɫ
ֻоԼ׳ǷݶԼԼѾˣõ׵ˡ
ŵļһȻѾʼϧˡˡ
ҿôģ֮䲻Ƕô
ʲôôԸΪ֪ԸΪУԸΪ֪ԸΪУ
ⲻ֪˴˿ˣԷ˶֣
Ա̶ȵԼĶ֣ԼĶ֣ǶԼأ
ҶЦǵһ㡣
׹ڴ֮ǰҶЦķݣͬһ㡣
׳ҵɳҵȴǿҾս񷣡
ΪҼţǿһǿҲ䣡
һ䣡
Ұǰ裬Ұ֮ǣҰڣңս죡֮ԻôΪ֪һӮ
һӮ

ҲǴһ̿ʼ˲ģԷԼһĶ֣
սʤԷΪ
һȻλڵͼλ棬ѾܹԼͥĶ֣׹Ӿʵȫǻص죬Ҳ˿ҵģ
Լ˾޴ƣԾɱԷ׷ˡ
ǱѾһĪʧܣöԷԼԾѰܡ
ǾǶ˶Ѽȥ˵ҡ
׹һ̿ʼеһڡ֡ѹ
ѹ˲ʱܣ־ǰ
һ׷ҵģ
֮ĲֻԽԽԶңɼ
ҶЦӵͬ飬ͬѹͬģӼϳǿ
Ȼƶˣ
Ȼ߸ϣ
ȻһǷ˵ʱѾһ
֮еһ
Ҫ׷㣡һҪ׷ϵ㣡սʤ֮սʤ㣡
ζҪ
ԴˣҼţԼһ
ԭҶЦڸոʱĿ꣬ǳ򣬱ѩޣư£ڣĿ꣬Ѿ׸ı䣡
׹ӣ
׳
ҵĶ֣
Ψһ֤һĻ֤Ļĳˣ˼ãȻ֪ȫ֪Լһΰʱ̵Ψһ֤ˣ޷߿߷߲ƽ
ڣƬ쳾䣬ҵʱ䣬ѾˣȽˣΪһˣһԭҷڵˣһ˾˵ˣ
׳΢ЦһǰΨһĿľҪָ𡣻ӽ뿪֮ڽǧ֮УҶˣټ
У¶ɫֻվһ㶼ûټҵĻᡣ
ҶЦȵ΢ЦһԴΪģҶķ񣿡
׹Ϊ֮ȻͻعЦˬʣҲңģʤĲŻᵱ䳡ƽ۶ģһΪ˳ǧ֮⣬ްܼĶķҷֻʤ㣬ζĵã
һԻȦȦĳĵ޸̣ģ׳ѾаôСʱȻһֱ˵ڣôΰɣӾǧˣΨһܼĵ߾ӣԭСûа˳ϵİոͲעѹ־ûܶӮྐྵˣ֪ˣԺԶԶˣ
˳ɰղŻģϸĵģɵƣ
漴а̾һ⼸죬ֵһɵơ
Լ׳жĶԼ
ڿ
ˣ



628 תĵ
Ǻǣԭ׹˵ĻԼšҶЦ˵Ȼˣ㻹˵óڣĳֿһ۽簡
׹ʶűӣеΡ
Լղһ仰ĳԣȻйĳɷ֣ҪȴڴԷĵģȴԸԷƽһ䷴ʣԼҽӡ
Ϊ׹Լ϶λһԳģ
һֹ߳ɣ
һ㣬Ϊۣӹɣ
ء׹˵꣬Ҫȥ
ҶЦ˵
ΪʲôҪá֡أ
ΪҶЦѾ˵Σǵˣ
׹ӶԴȻ׼ѵٱ񣿡
ҶЦһЦ԰ȱæߡУղŵĸ̬֮ʵЩһˡ
ϰĲôá׹ٴűӿЦѡ
Ļǣʲô֮˵ȫ˼ϵصһĽ˴㡣ÿһĴرܣ
쳾˼ദһսһձٷֱ֮ǰռôıˡҶЦеҪġ
׹ӺȤŶ
񵤣ǱߣٻжʮűãѾ㹻ҾͲٶһ١챦Ȼ⣬ҲǽޣõóֵģҲͽһŵҩѡ
ҶЦ֣صóһƿۺĵرһĶȫԸ¯תĵ
˵֮Ѽڶ񵤣ҩ࣬ݸϸ֮⣬ҪɵԵô˵񵤶ҶԣѲʲôֻҪȫɵʾԲͣȻתĵҵ߽
λ͵ҩΪô޵жԼɺ֮»õĺ֮߾ȫҲųɵ¯ÿһ¯ţ¯ɵֶǻԵɺϣܽҳɵһҲֻ¯ˣ
ƿ֮Уֻһţ
Ҳֻһţ
ҶЦ˵
תĵէһ֣а׹˶ǻһ𣬲Լͬһվ
ƼľתĵҶЦȲľתҩ˵ѾΪֹóֵˡ
׹ӾȻһЩƲסԼ
Ѿ⣬ȻѾǾ͵ԼҲѾԼһλԽǷԽࡣ
ڿžתĵʱȴ͸ı˳ԣ
⣬ǵƼתĵ
Ƽľתĵжأ
Ƕ񵤣Դأֹֻһš
ʼջôһţ
ȻƼľתĵȴԴƬ棬ʹûɹ
ǰδУ
죬һЩľĵʦܹģҲͲͨϵľתĵѣ
޿ֵܳƣûС
ЩμľѾǾƷΣ
ģ죬ϡ䱦ѵһһһţֲһң
ǰ׹ǰһţ죬¾Ĵ׼ģҲ֣֮
תĵ˼壻ľ֮
֮ˣͻƵʲô
ͲΪؿǵһز֮ľͻƣ
ǲǹؼ֮أ
˵һ֮䣬س
Ҳ˵ӷˣֱӳΪˣҲֻҪһľͻƶѣ
ɴ˲ľͻжҪ
־תĵô
л׹ӳĳƿ˹ȥ
һ̣Ȼ˼
ҶЦһأҲǴͳһŵʼ֮䣬Ƿǰʱռıˣ֪֪ȴݡΪݣջһ֮ϣУҲȻ
ЦЦӦףȻľ˵жҪ
׹ӻͷȻҿŵ֮ǰѾȫңԤڣ㿴ȻҪģԼ̹׵ġ
ҶЦһЦҪԼ̹
аһߣŰ׹ССƿĽʺޡһ˫֣ȻһҪĳ嶯
ҵģǾתĵƾľתĵҵ谡
Ϊʲôû͸أ
аԭڱߵķĺԺͻһˣòûأһôҲȫûջɣ
ǲΪû˵Ǿ䡭أ
ȴ׹ӳ޲ɢ֮ϯ֮Ѿʹ˸ˣ
ҶЦӦˣҲͲλԶУһ·˳磬أ
ȴаǰһԺˣ˾͸ˣأ
ţ


629 Ҳģ
ҶЦ׳Ծһ㶣ʲô˼ҺͰ׹/Ƶĵ˺ðɣǻأʲôĲ͸ʲô
аĻ˵ˣҶЦòĻӦ֮Ըλһ˳ٻڣ
Ȼ󡭡а˿ûҲû˵˴Σа˵ء˵껰һϬĿҶЦеΣ
ţʲô˼
ʲô
ҶЦ׳ߣų۵ˣǰһĻ㣬˼⣡
ⲻ֪аĵҲڷɧƽʱͦ׵ˣôˣҶǰʾʾôˣؼҲ˵ˣô˵أ
Ҫ˵Ҳȫ˼а׹һĸˣŮθǣҩ׹ӣͬһ𡰱ءҲһ䡰Ͼתĵһöô⣬ҸҲ˵ˣҲ˵ˣȴɶҲûأ
֮ӻ˰ɣĶݵ͸ԼĶ֣Ҳ͸ңҪ͸ңҰлܰæء
ٹƬ̣ǰ׳ۼаǳڴĿ⣬ԼѵΪԣԼղ˵Ļ˲ʱȻȴһʱ䲻֪ο˵ڨڨ˵аǲڵȷ˵أ
ҶЦһ㶣֪⣬ʧЦӵȤ֮ǰ˵ЩʵڴɺϣλǵǶλңǰ׹ӵˣҲ׹ΪԵʶ˼ɣǰвԶ
ڵڶθפյǰʹӦλĳŵֻղŴ󹦸ɶѣ׹ӵǿ鵤㲻ʲôֻཻһٱ񣬲һŰŵĵҩ빫ӷۣǺǡ
аҶЦ˵ʱĻ䣬ȴּǸİ׳·ҫһİװžתĵİСƿĵĽ֮ʢ
εεΡ
а죬һѳߣžžĵڵأǴѵĿ⣬ֱͺҪǿ鵤һ㡣
׹Ӽ״ѸٵĽתĵսԼָȻ֪ԼλѣǿܸɵóΣңһǿ֣ԼòƾҪ˵
ƿ֮࣬ǺЦĪҪЦаӣСӴСûô棬ټ֮ϡ¾Իûʲôۣ˺öȻĽȴἵʺޣӲǿبԽˡ
а״صŰ׹ӣ˵׳ѾĶô˵ˣǿǲˣһֽ֮ʬΡҲҪ߰˿ڵȻѾĲû棡ѾǼ棬ݣôǾתĵҰҰҰ˵Լ˴ˣȻƵᣬӡ
ĳǻŭ޴йʧԹ԰ɶûӾ˵ᶼ
ʱͻȻǰһƿ
аԲ۾ŵĿǰƿ
棬ҶЦůЦţֵһĳƵҩ֮ʱ޵֮ݣȴߵغ֮ԭΪĳƵССҩַۣĳ˵м裬ֶθӵĲν׳󣬲ȴԷĳСмӣʵĳܳٱ֮ʣƿžתĵ͸֣׳ɫЦɣҪǣ
Цɣţаʯˡ
һߵİ׹Ѽɡ
治һ
ԵΣռ
ð׳ģǷ֮ͳҩٶı
˫ȻڵյжԣаĴڣ˵һشĳ룬Լд˱Ի࣬Լаֵ֮꣬޿ܶҡ
ǽ֮£޵ĵƼתĵ֣Լһʱ֮ҲʧȥƽģƽۼаǾתĵԼ͹ȥˣȴ
ȻҶЦԼ϶ûӣһ־аžתĵһֹ˵Ǵֱʣֱֱʡ
һ˵۹ΪҶЦ˾ǽһԼ֮ìܣԼȴ֪֮˾ּڻԼǵ޵С϶̾Ϊֹ
֪Լаĸ޷ƻԶȫһ£Ȼһ顭
ˣ׹ӶҶЦָۣһ㣡
鵤аѾϲòѡͨ죬״ˣǸɶԲҡҡǼٵģҡ
Զ׼òԼ֪Լ˵ʲôˣ
֪ôŵҩۺ֣ҶЦɫ糣Цݿ䡣


630 ź
аֱӽžתĵУһֱѾ٣أԲţ۾ͣ˵
ݾϲίʵ̫һ㣡
뵽һ½Ȼôջ
ҵģ
ҾȻţȰ׳СӻһţǶһǲ˵λұȿ׳ǻҪ˳һ
ֱ̫ϲˣ
ҵģȻǺкñ
ҪҺܵ½ҰСӣ֪ͨ춯нյջ񣬹ȻˣҾˣˣ
۹
а죬ЦأԷȥĿԼе鵤Цúϲ£죻һֱ̧ͷ׹ӵ۾ĿԼŵҩͻȻϽװƿѸٵһЦҵģ
׹Ӽ״Ϊ֮᣺ֲǵϢ
У˭㣡ûϢҲûҩҪðɣаˬüŪۣҲ㿴ҵģһ˵ġ
׹ӣ

ߵʱ򣬰׹վҶЦ棬Щ̾Ϣĵ֪ôԭ㣬㾡׳ȴû뵽վң컯ŪˣĪ⣡
оδԽǿ󡭡ҶЦ΢Цһʱ򣬲ŻԽпУ
׳һͻعЦ
һЦһ˵һ䣺֪ôϣһΨһź
ŶҶЦ
Ψһһźǡһֱڣʼն֪ʵĿ׹ӿҶЦŷ֮ⲻıĿɡ
ȷǡҶЦ΢Ц룬㲻Ҫġ
׳΢΢һЦһǲˣӲ֪ˣδ༸Ī⡣յףٻʱٽҿˡʱӡ֤һеǸ²⣬Ҳ²öԻǲԣ
ãñ˴ĿԴҶЦĵ
ͦεӰѾ߳ſڡ
棬ҶЦ׹ӣĪַĳ׸ԣ֮ǰǧ飬øһ˵
׹ӵĽŲס˵ڴ˵㣬Ѿ׼ˣ
ҶЦҲ˵ôˣҲһź
׹ӳĬһ£
аѣԺ죬Ҷһ֮׳ֱӴͷ磡
ҶЦڸлȴ̾Ϣ
ҪǸʱ˫ݱʱôվһߣ
Ǿܵġ
ȻѾˡ
Ȼһ仰ȴȻǴԶ֮󣬾£׼ô
ǰ׹ӵ
ǰһ̣ߣһ̣ģΪָ˵İ׹ӣһʵȻѾҶЦ֪롣
Դ˽ҶЦδڴ˵㣬Ƕ԰׹һ仰һ£֮󣿾Ȼô죿

ص֮аͿʼˡ
Ķ񵤷һ룡
ﲻľתĵһ룿
㲻ǵһܿ԰ɣ
ëߣ
Уߺߺߺߡ
߸ƨԸķ䣬ĵ̣ˣ
׳㲻˰
漴˾Ϳʼһš
ۣ

ۣ
Ҳ
˵ͲӺɷ˵㻰


һ졣

Ҷ˾Υĺ
һߣԭҲͬεΪʺжһ졣
ߣ֮ǰǼ꣬ǷȱҶ򱱾Ѿ̵ʣһ㡣ãڣǵĺǵͷֻҪʧȥҶֺգ
ݿɿ鱨Ҷ˿̻ڳǳǡһʱɱƼʵ۶ǳڿνƮҡҲݣʵ϶ͷöӦά裬ȫҶǿ¾档
˵ǱǶӱţ̫ү췴ɥӵĻʵ϶״϶òˣӲҶ뿪ǲ£Ȼѡֱҵʱ췴ǲǵĻᣡ
һٳָ̤ƽ򱱾ֱ룡ֻҪҷһٻ򱱾ҶҲֻͽ̾κεķݣʧʧ
ֻҪ˳ʵؽ磬ܽǵŮȫȫɱ⡭ԺǾˣ
ԣʵĽɽɽڵңѾȲˡ
Ȼˣڽҹ賿ȫһ򱱾
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ԭĴ֮УһƬ



631 ԭ
ͬʱ
Ҷ˧ʡ
ҷʾѾ˼ŶԷȻڽչܹϹһۣǶԷڽս֮ɹʾǽ˲źһ򾡣ıϹһۣ
ǣ
ҩ׼ˣ
׼ˣ
أ
ʮ򹭼ֳ֣ʮΣѾ׼ϣÿһֻÿһʮ֧ȷϣް©
ǾǺϹŰ
ǵġ
ظõģѾˡ⣿
Ѿаļʸ˶µȻڸϹУĿǰսڼˣĩ²˧
ʲôô̵ʱܹһ룬Ѿܿɹ󣬰ʸȷϴ㶾ϣ㹻ˡأ
׼ϣ
ڣ
˧Ѿȫϣ͵Ŵ˧һ£ɳԭ
ݿӣӹ
ȫ׼ϣ
ɽĹľʯ
ȫ׵ʧĩԵͷ
ҪԴֻҪ뱸
ǣĩȷϲ©
ã
Ҷ쳤׳һֱĿ֮к˸ɱȻ֮ڣȫ½Դڳս״̬ݱ˧ƣԭ˵ķӦþڽҹ죬ҹ֮СΣֻҪһεս죬ôҵҪǡ䣬Ӵ֮ҲνĲԭǣ
ȫ׼սҪһһս֮󣬶ʮΪȷ棬ʮȫɱããԭ
һɨ
ǣ
˧սҪ²۸ףͳͳնɱ

ڵнһ飬ȫĿǼȿȵĹʣ
ԭһֱǴ½ĸ֮ʱɧű߽Ϊʱɱԭء
֮ҰȮ
½ԭ˫֮ĳޣѾνĵս֮
֮ޣ
ĳޣΨһ˶ϣ
Ҷ죬һս֮ǰƶ룡
Ҷ󽫾һս֮ٲԭڣ󻼣һݣ
ˣҲҶĳŵ
ҵĿ꣬ʼ

һϡ
ܲһ˿Хɳʯֲָ
ƬԭǴڱ֮еĴ󺣣췭
һƬޱ޼ʵĲ֮УһӶīĲԭϢķʽӲԭ֮бڶֱȹޱȹ
ȻԽԽγɽХһƥ
ֻһһͻ
ɱ
ƥƺƵƲɵĺƣǿƳҶ򱱾Ӫ
ı뺷ײУֻǿһۣҲоһ
˵ʱڵڶоȻ˺ɣ˵̤ԭҲЧЩһ㸽ӹһΣʫһף
ţǰָ˵īУԭɽռǧѪҹ
ʫʫţ
ʫãʫŸãǺð
ǣɱ
ɱ
ɱɱɱ
𡭡

ԭЮŴɽѹȻƣ¡¡س򱱾Ӫ˲ʱĿһƬңҺսŭﲻ
·磬һ˲֮󣬱޾
ͬʱ죬ܶ
ֻںܶʱʱռﷶ򱱾Ӫ̱㼸һ룡
ԭͣݱ棬
һ𣺡󳷣󳷡
һݵĵֿ֮򱱾ͻȻһͬȣ˷ɢһɥ֮Ȯãã©֮㡭
ıӶȥӴܵĿ
򱱾ûнɱ;ȼһ·ȥ
ֻ̳µĳ𣬻գֻ漴㱻Х紵ɢ
ȻΪֹսȴռϷԭʧ࣬Ѿʧǧʿ
ʧȥҶ򱱾䳣ʤţȫĲһ׷ʤ׷һսԭ
л᲻թǸ򱱾Ҳ֪꣬һ׵ľȡʤˣ棬ֻ±ưɣ
ǱҶˣûˣ򱱾Ҷ򣬱Ҳǲ᷸ģǡ㿴ЩߵƣѲɾͣȫӣ
ٿ̳£ҺһƬҲ֪֮ˣ֪صɣս̳죬һ˿ң㿴㿴
ܳǹ˴ˡ


632 ɱ
ǻСΪϣһ
ǲ׷˹ȥսҴԭɲҪͣʲôûķݣ
ɷ˵ХţЦţűɽ֮ƣ˳ȥ
ʮ֮Хţֽţһļι
λֹǰļһվԭƬ̣ۿŴݿһǰǰ˵ģûκεֵĳֱ룬̲סҲϣӰѾȥ
𡭡
һ֧ӴĲԭҲͬХţһĳ򱱾ӪȻ󣬽žʹѾϡõĴӪ֮г̶ǰβͣһ·Хţܵ˼ĳ˹ȥ
ٻ󣬽ɽ续ϳŮˣ

߻ⳡսսԵʼٸҶ˿̾Ƭɽϡ
עսϵĶ
ۿԼһľӣɽǱ״ƬϿȣȥȶĿĵأ
ǽǰź򱱾Ź׵ĺƵ㣡
ߵĴģ죬Ǽн࣡
ԭ˵սۣίʵ޵УҶ᳤̾һЩСϳս¡Ѿγսսܣֱǡ˸оһ𺳣ѹ֣۹ȻڹǿʢʱŻԭչΧˣȴʼ޷ȺϵĲ壬
һΣȻעô޵еľӣҲﳹսᣡս֮󣬳򱱾Ҳûκһ֧ӣԳ޵У
ԭһģѾŴ磬һȵĽϿ֮УѾ׷ǰβͣһ·ȣɱڣ׷ɱȥ
ĺģкѹѹߵĲԭһһӵ룬޿ƥ
ԭǡĺ޹˼ɣıԶ׼սԲ֣ǾȻɵһͷȥҶһ̾һ
ǲԭ˵ͷԣܹǳǰһ㣬ôѾͳԭһ˵
⵹ҲδءҶ캱ЦЦбףǲԭ˵ıͬЩһ㡭ôǻͲʸΪвˡ
Ҷ仰ΧλһҪЦ
仰˵ԭڣʵȴǶԳǰչмıģ̵ÿν֡飡
ԭԿһٶȿɳ۽ΪֹȻһʱĹȻٶȣȴԾɽܿ򱱾βͣʼ޷׷
Ϻǰߣȴʼܴ
ڣԷȫѾȥ˴Լķ֮ӣˣٵȥǰδܼʱסڣǲֳ©Ҫ໨һֽšҶһ䣺ʱʼըҩ
ǣ
һĺŽͻɽϵ֮࣬ս֣
ཡ
漴ĺŽǣɽ
棬ڷɳ׷Ĳԭӣ죬һͻȻзĲ
ѵȻ
ɣ
ô˳ս֣ôǵȱʣ
ֻǣһ̣ʵȻ׷еǵң
˲ʱ֮䡣
ƬϿ֮Уĵط˺
ҩ
һѵľ޴춯ض֮𶯣˷ڱըԭһʮսͬʱܾкܶսôըɣ෢һұܣٲԭĶΡϵʿǰ˳϶ϳѪ
һʱ䣬ͬĩͻȻٳ
ĿֱӾͱըķѡ
¡¡ıըڳܾսҲԸ̬Ʊܣ̤ĲԭʿûбҩըȴôԼһƥ̤࡭
һ̣µĺ¡ɽ
ҶĴ粼µĹľʯ˼ʾкѹЩûڱըƥ̤ɥĲԭڣ
ʱ˿̣ԾŴɽ϶һڷ
ľʯʿƶô
һһľ죬ͻأ춯Ƕ浶һͱɽƬҵıըɽ巢˱죬ɽ⻬£
һ£νȷȷʵʵ޻ٵĴɽѹ
ľʯڼǵʯȫ䣡һ㣬һĻһ͵ظڵϣ
ҽУԭˣʵʵ档
һµĴɽѹǽԭ˵ľӣسΣ


633 һս
ըڽƽϢȻɽ֮ȴ𶯣ľʯԴӳϿ£ЩΪƶģҲֱӱȥġ
ʵϣвʿƶľʯʱ㲻ȣֻ⣬ôŹľʯȥ
ĿвԭʿϣֳһƬŨŨľ
ôܵ壬һһϵĴȫûѵϣ
أ
һĿϿȣ˼ȻѪѪʬڵϼ˺һ㣡
ٴȣľʯ֮ȫӳȥҶһȣ
¡¡
Ż𣡡
ʵһѾòˡ
ΪϿ֮УѾ죬⾡Ⱦ⣬Ѫɫ⣬Ŀǳɫ
ǰıըѾб֮Ȳúõ֮ȫȼ
˿̵ķ𣬳һѲѡ
Ȼ⡮һѲ񡯵òе޴ģĸɲǵصȥӽ˻𳡡
ѾϿ֮һƬ
Ũ̹
棬Ĳԭ˵ϣѾ˻𣬲Һţɢӣͽ͵ĴҪϨϵĻ桭
ֻҪһſ´˳ս̤
˷һƬҾ֣ڿֻŵģ޷ıܣѾû˽ࡣ
׼
ż
Ͽ֮еĵˣһҲŹ
ʮƵĹִɽͬʱܼͬǰʱµһ㣬кȥ
ȻЩļʸڴ˿̷ӳЧ붾һжٶɱ
ԤӱȫԱҳ
Ҷ̽һɱ
漴ǰɽһԾ£ԽԲĴɽֱӳϿ棬ǴԼķ֮һûнϿ˵Ⱥ֮Уһ֮£ӦѪ
Ͽ֮еĲԭˣѾòɱˡѾֻ̤ѾɣƣըҩŽУһһĵԽ
ûκܹ߳
ҶһȣϿĵȺ
ͬȺ
ǣӦͻȺ
ĻٵĻǷһ£ͻûз֮
һ̣ңҶ֮һݿ࣬棡
Ҷ죡
ҵģҶ죡
ѹ˲ԭҶָӴ
Ҳ
ˣˣɱڴ򣡡
ҿܡ
˵ӰҶڲԭУֲģû֮һ
ڲԭؽϣ򱱾ǲԭڣû˸ҶȽϣûκκʵԼƥҶ죡
ǳʾҶڲԭϵ
˿ֻһȻȴѾñѾĻ̻̣Ĳԭһεѣ˿ս⣬ֱӰȾܣ·
һ̣ͳ˻̤
Ҷ׷ϣŻֺĽ⣬һƬƬɱɱ
ֻһˣʮǱӴܣչԵɱĿģһֱֱĵ·
ǰ޹˺ߣ
ĸֵۣǰ
󣬴¡¡Ȼ⸽򱱾ˮһ˳
ˣѶ
һսһֱҹ
ԭȫȣ
һս֮ȣΪȣ
ȣΪһս֮󣬺½ԭ䣬ӴѪϾΪʷʣ
򱱾ХȥʮصŲ飬žһ©֮㡣вԭ˵ʬ壬ҲǷںüطѻһ
Ҷһ£еʬϻͣȫգ
Ȼȫʦǿɱԭ
һսνǶҶиһսҲ½пһս
û֮һ
ҶһΪʼɱ¾֮
ԭ׳֮󣬱Ϥ¾һա
˼֮⣬ûκδ
ʷơɱ¾ա
Ҷüҵһս
ҶҲ˱ǧ򣡹֣ԡȵȡ
Ӵ֮½ֻսûκԭֶǣͽ֮ϴһյĲб壬Ҳûгֹ
ǹǹȴ˵
ս֮Ҷ֪ˡҲǲԭȻôһʫɵЩȻʧЦ
īУԭɽռǧѪҹ벻ϼһȻдĻҶһֵţݸһЦӦǡīɥԭɽΨսǧѪҹһ䡮ǧѪҹкʵ


634 ¼һ

ҶǱ߸ոտʼսĵڶ졣
֮ĳʾǳǳϿգͻȻ
һգգƣ
տտģ¶Ҳǡô˶оȫĵ泩
ƺǷ磬ϣǿĿ
кܶһֽ̰ķʽһյĿ̲ס̾ʵ֮ģǳõ
һҲоڵĲʹƺ˺ܶһ㡭
һգôۻĳϢ̫̫Ѫɱ¾۵ϢƺҲͻȻȫʧˡ
һգ˵ͣ˵İƽ
𣬺յյһ̣ͻȻ䣬ƺǴ̫ΧһĲʺ硣
û꣬ôвʺ֣
̲ܶסעĿʡ
Ǵʺ統һһڿг֡
ͻȻȻһڶ
һľ죬ƺѳ룡
һƲʶûУֻвʺ統գػһͻأأ
һʱ䣬˶Ϊ֮ˣ
Ҳһͬһʱ䣬ʶ£ܽҪʲô˰ɡ
һ˲䣬˶Լ̧ͬͷϿյĲʺ磡
ҶЦҲʱشԼķ˳һűգ˼
ʹ֮УʱĻʵ۱£Ҳ߳޹գüͷ壬ĬĬ
Ȼ֪һ̵ʲôҪ
ʵĲʺԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼģڿнξۼ
ۼšۼš
ƺҪۼһʲôͼһ㣿
һ㣬òƲǡƺˣ˶˳ʲôͼڽγš
мڴˣһĿתɴ۾עš
ȻҶʶԼһ֮УΨһһܹ
Ļᣬѷ꣬Ȼд˻Եɴ
ʲʺԽԽ࣬𽥵γһ̨ҲƵ¡
ţòƻڽţϡ
Ĳʺ绹ڲϾۼϼܹµĽṹ
ġ
˶ƺЩʶһʲôˡ
ף⡭ôһ˾
һ̨
Զԣһǫ̃ӡô£
ǲʺ̨⡭ѵϵɡҪʲô𣿡
ⲻ԰ɡϵҪʲôˣôὫ̨
˵Ҳǡ
Բɣ
ǻǲǻʵ۱£Ԫǿߣ鱦λ˵о֮裬Ҳûֱʵġ
ʵ̫ˣ̫Źˣ̫
ţίʵ̫޷⡭
ҪϻˣСıˡ
ԣҪ˵þˣҪǴʧԵԻҩȥ

Ŀ֮£һ̨ȻôڿУԲʺΪʯ
ƣͬɲʺûɵ㣬ڼ̨ȼ
棬ʺۼٶԽԽ졣
ڣƾֻ֡
¼
־ôͻأ֣նƺһӻ˵ͷ˶͵һ
ȻǼ̨
ʺ绹ڵξۼϵ˷һһ̨ϣûּ
˻ݷ
ĺͬף
˥֣
Ƹ¥
ʮ֣ȳ֡
ʮֵĳ֣һ䣬йע߶һ
Ƹ¥һȻǷƸ¥ģǼȵ𾪡
ʵ۱£Ҳڻʹ֮У߶ţƸ¥ʱ򣬸񼣣׹Ҫʲô
Ƹ¥˴ĵƣҪʲô
ΡѽⰡѽ⡭
ʲʺԾڲϵֻԾɲϵؾۼڼ̨࣬γһ֣
һ´
ߵ
棺ǧ귭ƸӢۺúɰ׹ǣ
棺ٸ˥ʤܼͼҵ̣
ʮ֣һһֵĳ֣بգһǰδеׯ£м׳½Χڽӡ
ˣ˶ʼͷңſС
ֻĵһꡣ
ǧ귭Ƹ꣬񲻾ǷƸ¥ϴڵֻ֤ҪǷƸ¥ܵʱͳµεͰһ᲻ɴݣǿʢƸ¥а취֮ǧٿףĿꡣ
Ȼһ˳ƶȡ֮
Ȼȡ֮ıȴ޲̫̫սɱԼѪɱ¾ǧ̣Ӣۺúôɳ֮ϡ
˥귭Ƶָ䣡
û⣬һζûУ
ĴСңô߽⣬ʷ֮еһҳ



635 ¼
ٸҵ˥䣡
ǷƸ¥Ŵ˥ĹĿ
˶ˣ
˶ټͥ
˶Σ
⣬һ޷֮ɳ
񣬷Ƹ¥˴ĵذڳ̨
ڳ½¼
ǴҪЩȥô
ΪǷƸ¥޶սȥЩˣ
޲ƽϢصȴźı仯
ͻȻ䣬˼ʸž֮䣬ͻȻһ죡
ˣ
һ죬ϣ˵ĸо֮УȴǾԼ
ķҲ֮
ͣĲ
ˡ
ƺĹׯµ𣬾òϢ
УʺһһһһߣһһĽݡ
һȥӡ
һʺµʱ򣬹ڴ˿Ȼֹͣ
ˣǾʮ
ʺ紹ĽݣҲǾʮŽס
ֻҪʮŽײʺݣȥ¼ļ̨ǰ棡
֮䣬ٸһƬž
ֻеȴľ
ֻǣܹ̤ʺ磬һֱߵ̨ǰ
ܹ¼飡
Ψֻħܰ쵽ɣ
ΡעĿʱͻȻӰ
ӰһϮѩ
ڻ֮䣬Ȼڰ֮У
мһӣ񣬰ºڷ
Ӣߵģ̬򷽣绪Ůӣ
һ֣֪ˣҲһӾ֪ˣʲôˣ
ûмʶˣڿƸ¥֮󣬴˼ٿˡҲ˲֪˵ݡ
׹ӣ
λ˵Уһײβİ׹ӣƸ¥ƿߣǧִ˥ȴûκ˼òǸˣ
ڣڽˣ
ߵˣȻƶ֮֮㣡
ƶ֮
֮㣻
ַ
Ǭ䡣
ľ仰½ν˲֪˲
һֱգ˵®ɽĿ
˶һĿɿڴĿࡣ
벻Ȼݰ٣
̫̫϶֣׷ˡ
Ͼں½ϣй˵Ĵ˵Ѿ׷ݵǧˣ
ȴ뵽˵ӾȻ˵ķ񣬷绪
Ŀ֮£һŲʺݣͥŲƵȥ
紵
ƮƮ裬޾
˾һ࣬Ŀбӣ̬ׯϣֹ¡
һһ̵ɣȫпһĻˣ˵κλ
࣬ȴߵͷʱ
׹Ӿж΢΢̧ͷעӿһļ̨̾ϢһһУʺ磬С
֧ȼյ
Ϊ֤س̨ʺΪ㣬飡׹˵ηƸ꣬̿Ϳ̿ȲѣȴҲء
գ֮֮꣬ɱֲʧһҲ
˵ţ׹ֳ΢΢
󣬸Ź
һݣǼ캮Ҷһݺ󣬳ڿຣתں쳾
һݣǼ캮ҶȥĽʿһݺ󣬳ڿຣתں쳾
һݣǼ캮Ҷİգһݺ󣬳ڿຣתں쳾
һݣǼݺҶȥ顭
һݡ

׹׿գʡ
˵ǲ󣬵ȴÿһ˶ˡ
ϡԿ½ϣܶܶĵطɢڰա
ЩԾɲܳѲԹڴ˿̣ɢ
ʼ޷ѵԹ飬Ҳ˿̣԰ֻأ
Ű׹ӵļݣֺԽԽ࣬һ棬漴ʧ
µˣڿޱ𺳵һĻ
׹ӵļݣ˵ڿຣתں쳾仰ʱ˵ڼߣȴ
ʵϣҲĵȷȷ
Ҷˣתڷת쳾ѣ
˸Υ
˸Υ
ţ
Ψһ죬ֻа׹ӵڳУϵ
һʱ⣬ƺҲֻǾشиŰ׹ӵ˵
ǧ귭Ƹ꣬ٴǧٻط̴˵롭׹ӵܳأڴˣ£һǸ
ӴûзƸ¥
ƶ֮֮㣬Ҳϣ֣
ҽȥڣ
ڴ˿̣¼
Ӣ鲻Զһݣ
ٻ
飬Һ
ĵظҽƣ
سȣ󣡡
֮֮Υ棬ٲ


636 ¼
׹ϼģ֮䣬ͻȻٶȺȻȺ˵ղŵĻֻһһɵḷ́ڸð𣻵ڣȴֱӴӵһƬһƬƣ
þ˵ĺ˵Ǳ죬ǶС˼
ֵķΧȻȫ溭½ÿһڣÿһ䣬©
ɵضո֮˲һ漴ǡһƬ߿գһӶĿ磬ʱмյĺƣɲǼȥ
׹׿գƮƮɫ쳣
Ķգ¼ϣ
֮£
Ϊÿ˶ظܵˣЩ֪Ѿ˶ǰԹͻأ֣ȴ漴ɢĹ̡
ǷȻ
Ƿݽѣ
˵úһֱʣ
Ƹ¥ȥ½оԣһĺϢͬʱȴֺγһϵĽѣͺʱʱ̿ͷϵͻȻʧˡ
׹ĿĹˣʼպŵ΢Ц
ڴʱһ򣬳ʻʹ֮Уһ⺷Ȼһѽշ׹ӡ
ϣϵһ׳
׹һУȻС
ǰ׳չһɵȻһЦһЦȴղŲͬȫͬղŵЦ⣬ׯأһ˿ǹʽĴͣ˿һЦȴǳȻѣ
¼ꣻԳдػ㣬塣Ȼ˷ʥͣ޹̹мǣȻҲ֮ȴк֪
Ƹ¥ʱսսΨֺʱ㱻ȡ֮Ծǧл޶ȱŰ޵֮޲ͼΣ츣£һǿʢͳģԱĪ֮Σ֣ҲǵķƸ겻̼ŭȡ֮
֮£ǧ꺮δһŰ֮ӹ֮Ҳ°գðǧ̫ƽ£ƽϲ֣֮ûҲ
Ϊ¼ɲأ˼һİȣѿ࣬ȻƱؽ޹˼ɡѣΪɱ֮̾¡
оڣƸ꣬Ϳ֮̿£ʮҲȻ޾ڣѵ½ɽ̷񣿲Ҳ
̰֮֮ģ֮ҫܸ֮޷Ҳ
ȥΪԴһͣףֱϣ⣡
׾ϣû
˵ĿȴȻǳʵ۾ɣ
׹תͷųʻʹķģ΢΢һЦˡ
Ȼһ֣ǰѽͻȻ·һѽһ㣬˾µĻɡ
漴ָͷڽϵ˵㣬Ľᣬһ˽죬ɽҿܷ񱣵סصȣ
һűϣǽͻȻʣХڰγ˺بزĺ嫰׹⡣
׹֮УֶȻ֡
죡
漴ǵ嫰׹ͬ׹Դͷĳһֱ볽ʻʹ֮С
ʵ۱﹩һ֮󣬾̾˿ûйעϼ䡣
˿̵Ļʵ۱üͷ΢˼Ѱһ֮£֮Ƹ¥֮ǰȻһ㣬߶µĻʳĿֱָʵ۹볽ʵ۹νжԣȻ
ͻʵ۱±Ķۣеж֮⣬ȴ̫Թ֮ģƸ¥׹ӱˣǶβ߶½⣬ӹɣʳɵĺͳԶǶȶԣȴмģֻۣҪĻ²ľͲᵱԹ֮ġ
˿̷Ƹ¥ʹȥ糽°׾飬Ƹ¥˹춯صķʽȥתأŴӴԺ󣬸Ҳûʲô˼ɡ
һû⣬ΨҶ𣬾һжô£ܹɶƻԤϡ
㣬ͬΪһ֮ĳȻ
ԲŻǣһʱǧͷĺƽ
Ȼʱа׹һ嫹âŻʹ߼۶
Ŀ֮£䡱һԳ鷿
鷿ʵ۱´˿ڵĵط
ǽƣһʵֻ·ֹ鷿ʹ˲ʱ
ǣǵŻܵİ׹ڽ鷿֮󣬾Ϣţ뺣
ʵ۱¼״ҲһæһֻǽϹŵǱȻֻˣ
ղŷȥǰѽǻʵ۱սó֮ʱ佣Ѳã鷿ǽϡ
˿̣׹ӸôԶľ룬Ȼֺܹ֮˻֮׼ȷزص˽֮С
ֶΣ񲻽̾Ϊֹ
Ȼ̾Ϊֹȴںߣ
ʵ۱ȡ³ϡһʰߣ
ֻʰߣȴɭȻ⡢ɶĿһɺƺƵƣ鷿


637 ٻڣ
ʵ۱עĿԼ彣Լ彣˿ȴȫȻİ
ѽȴǱ׹Ӹˣ
˽ȻƬ̣ȴѾ̥ǣɴʤ
ҽϵԭȻʧȴ֡
죡
ʵ۱է֣ʱһ
⣬߾ǰ׹ӶԼףԸĻɣ
죡
ˣ
Ҳ˵׹֮ǰԼĵλ
Լˣ
˽Ӵ֮󣬱֮֮֮Ψ֮ſƴ˽֮˭ܵó콣˭µˣ
ʵ۱һ
ԾЩȻĲ
벻Լֻ˵Լĵʵ뷨ȴ
ǰ鱦ΪԼ٣зƸ¥׹Լ֮
ǿͷԼϿɣ
ǷζţԼ飡
ͬʱ׹ӵڳ
֮£˭ô˽Ǭ˭
½ȫ仰
漴׹ӵĿתת˵ҵ㣡
Ҷ֮УҶЦĿעפʺ֮ϵİ׹ӣĿɫӣ˵ģһ̫ã
Ϭһ㣬˷ҶЦһűϣһİ׹һЦȥϣƸ꣡
һХԽ²ʺΪ㣬ʹհȽȽգǱգ죡
Ű׹ڿնʺ繹ļ̨ݺȻɢƶ֮֮һһңǷ׷ɣƮƮ
Ҳ
һɫӰӴ㼱һ̣Ѿ׹ӲվŲ޾ȥ
˶ǾĹһĻ۾գΨִһϸڡ
˶֪Լһһǽգʱ˿̣һĻֻ©һһ˿һһҲҪź
ͻȻ䣬ֻ׹һ˺·һΣؾףٽƸ¥
ֻһ֡
һֻ̣ϣͻȻ貶ĿĲʺâȻʢ
ֻһ졣
һ죬ƿէѣƣԽ֮
ȻƬգȴһѺۣǱ˺һۼգռ䣬޷иȴڴ˿̣һֽм˺
Ѻ֮󣬾޾աĻ
ֻյİ׹ٲͣ˫֣ʩʩȻǹ֮У˵ӰһҲ֮롣
˽ޱǺ֮Ƭ̣Ǳ˺Ŀռ䣬رպϣλظ
ĸٶȲ죬֮ȴǶûлͷƺƬ˵Ĵ½ް
ſռظԭװ׹ӰôһıǵĻڱΣڣҲˡ
ˡ
׻ʳ۹˥ķƸ¥⺮½ʧˡ
½׹ӱˣմһûл
ڷƸ¥Ĵ˵ڰ׹ӣƶ֮֮Ĵ˵ȴǴһ쿪ʼԽԽңԽԽɴ˵񻰣
񻰣
λѵϵһף
˵Ĺϣ
ǵģ𣬵ȴҲԶȲλ׹һŭ
ΪֻҪ룬ӵеһУ˲ûУ˲Ĩƽ
ǵģֻҪ룬һͷԸдһУ
ƶ֮֮㣬ַǬ䣡
Ǻεȷɣ
ε
εȵĸ˫
β˼񻰣
ǡ׹ƶ֮֮ͬʱЦ˼Ƿ˫ʣ˼Կľɫ绪ˣ
ҲΨˣǰ׹ӣ
ҲΨŮӣʸ񱻳֮Ϊƶ֮֮㣡
ȷֻܴƶ֮ϣֻܴϣ
˻ݷĺͬף˥֣Ƹ¥
⣬һĴ˵յ񻰡
޿
޷ĥ
ɻģȴǰ׹˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼أҵ㣡
֣ܺ⣬鱦֮裡
ǡҵ㡱֣ɾѰζˣ
ѵ鱦ķҲˣ
ǰ׹ҲϿɵĶô
ǻ˼
Ȼǰ׹ϿɵĶ֣ôҲ׹Ӳļɣ
УȥǸʼû˿Ŀˣʲôˣǰû˵
ӣǰ׹ӵļʲôģϾ֮ܿʲôģ
ԭϣסôˡ
ţǾ²Ǹ֪ɶأ
ôģȻΪסࡢӣҪǸûֵ֣ôĿˣӾҲǸ׳ͬһ𡭡ѷһĳа
ֻȻûӴ˿̵



638 㴫˵
׹ӾɾڵƬС
Ĺš
ͷңա
һֱвʺȫʧ׹ӸѾʧӰˣЩ˻ϵĹ
ڹǵе񣬻ط֮
ЩЩ꣬Ƹ¥м֡
֮Щ˲˶
ˡ
ǰˡ
һߣҲˡ
˶пտյġ
ÿ˵ϣһָ
棬źĲƸĵر
κһָ򿪣㹻һ˳ԺȲԺȣӻҲʹòӴƸ
һӵеĲƸҶЦˣֻ¶ȣĶ
׹֮ǰǽЩԼĵĲ£ȫŵ׵Ρ
Ҫôأ
⣬ʳڳ˵
ˣÿһӵԪʵԪ߽ϵĸ֣˿̣һȴСһ㣬Ȼ޴룬֪ǰ·δ
⣬Լδʵǡκ˶û㡣
һҸεطǱȥһ״ԹڵϣͷƵ˵Ҫ֮ȫҲҪȥһпܵıǿϣһ죬ڹЧ㲻ܣҲҪһܶӽһ벽ҲǺõġ
ԣҲȥӸղ˵ؾףٽƸ¥ӶΣҲܹȥڵλ桭¾ף½Ƹ¥
ǵģǶȥ
ȴһ˵Ӳ˵Ǹе·ߣȥ鱦ͶλôǹϿɵĶ֣߸ǵǰ׷Ϲӵ;ɡ
˶ǳĬһ£˵ɺе
һ̾Ϣλȷһ˲šûйӵĳ֣ôһΪЧҲС
ǡڸ֮¼仹ʲôֵȥЧһ֮𣬲УλҲУ
ǰǸߣܹĽʱٻṫ֮ʱǷ֮£۹ӻǣԿ
ҳ¶Ͷ֮ŲУ
ǻ·Ǳȥɡ
ߣ
˾վֵƬɽƬ֣֮еļ䷿ݣһ
һͷһᣬһߡ
ֵ߳ʱȴͬһʱеһ˺ѷεľʹһʱ䱯ơ
عӣֹͨ򵹣˻ޣӡһҪǡؾףٽƸ¥
ЩҲˡ
ûκͶ
ôʧ䡣
û֪ȥ
֮ʱһ꿪ʼ½ĸ֣ȴԽԽ࡭

ˡ
ֻʣɽ֣Сݡ
䡣
Ƭȴһ鲻֮ء
ûܽȥ
û֪ʲô
ôһֱţֹȻҲţȴҲ㣬ôһȥ
Ϊ½һԶصش
ǰ׹ӷƸ¥Ĵ˵
ب

׹Ǽһˡ
ҶЦͻȻоģһĪͷȴԵ
һ죬׹ӶԼһ̾ϢĽ
һ㶼
ǵģԴԴҶЦ֪˷Ƹ¥Ĵڣһֱ׹ΪԼĶ֣Ķ֣ǿĶ֣
еĿ꣬еŬеֻΪʤ׹ӣܷƸ¥
ȻĿѶȸߵ˲ܴﵽ϶ɵĵزҶЦĸѹ֮£ĥԼ
񣬴ʱ˿̣Ŀûˣôûˡ
ǿôʱķʣ½˭ܹУ
޵йȻįġ
޵УȻΪ֮ΪУȴΪ޵֣
ͣͬʵǰߴ˳ɾͣȴֻй¼ţ
ߴʤ
ߴδؾκ䣬ȻߴȴһһˣȻ߸ϣȴܲµ䣡
ʵ׹˵ʱҶЦĵ׾ָдȴûӵУ
һʱ䣬ֻð̲ס̾һ
ӣôˣﲻôĵϣʵ
ǲֻû˶֣üįѡҶЦҡҡͷЩ᲻𾢶ʲô鶼û
仰˵ÿνǼΪд
Դӱ֪Լүһ֮ȴȫΪ仰дǣڰ׹ˣҲĿá
ȻܹҶЦĵ׵Ƿݼȡ


639 
תת˵ʵ޵УҲǺ°ǿǾƥĳɾͣӲӦúˬŶԣҪįҲõȹһʱ˵ɡ
ҶЦȻ
֮ǰϾʱ򿴹һЩС˵ĳЩСڵĶԣڵǸؽ磬Ҳ޵СǿԾ۸ˣǵļˣҲ޼ɵ޼ɡת飬š޵Сĺô
ҶЦȴһӵĺߣ˵Ѿͷô˵ǰѱЩᲢôưƱᰡ
ӼȻģҪҲȥ۸۸ˣ۾˵Щ۸ˣ۸ͨˣǾȥ۸ЩԡôӦҲ˼İɣܽΣ빫Ӳô˰ɣ
ҶЦϲɫ棺˼ǣǶ֮еĶԣ
ô˵ǹԼģǾ仰ô˵ţ䲻಻Զӡ죬Ц
ߣԶаŮģ֪֪ԶǿŮģ֪֪ԿŮӣҪؼС檵ģ֪֪
ҶЦҧгݣ˵˵ţͻȻ䷢֣ʱ˿̣ԼһڡԡȻ𣬾ҲͲסǳҪһˣһء
ĽŤŤӿɲǶ԰
ҾǶԣһǵΣҶЦڵĻ汻һŤֱӵȼݣһץסݺɫԵصСӣƤỬϸƤģͦүˣүؼȥӴ˳ʹū澣ٳٳ
Ҫ˰ȤС
ߣʲôҪү㣬ҪҲҪǽƺҲûõģǰɶȥɡҶЦһЦ̤߽ȥźŽһţš顱һˡ
УŮĶƬݡ
ȣʡǪ֡

׹Ӿ춯صȥ¼Ȼ󲨡
Ƹ¥ʧˣ
ǵ죬緢
Ǹ쵰ڹôЩ꣬Ǳѹˡ
׹ȥ֮ǰȻʵ۹һʲôĳ콣˵ȥ˳һߣ
ôԣ
ộ
ԣҲ£½˳֮Ĺȫͬ顣
򳽻ʿս
ϧһдۣس콣
ǣǽŵսӼˡ
ԭǾԵУ˼սȻܿ飬սδ̵״
۹Ķ鱣ŽڽڽƵ֮⣬棬ȴǲûôֹۡն϶սǧɽ˸ıòֺƶǲ¡
Ϸ󽫾콵ɽؽ۹˵ס
Ұ˵ʲôҲԽ׳һ
ķսУٵһ
ڱߡ
սûд
ֻ֪ǰһģҶӮˣȻ׷Ųԭ˵ƨɱ˲ԭûϢ
ǻǳ׵ĽˡֻҪҶĴûڴԭбɱĻ
ֻǣɱҶĴǺεȵε顣
֮ѾǱٵ⣬ǣûбˣ
ţҲȫûбֻӦָ򱱾ڴԭŰãһ򱱾սԣתԮĻԵеĴսԽ˲ʱƾ֣ཫ׶ʵ۹ʤ

ļʱ鱦ֿʼæµˡ
ԭ½صͻ죬ڿʼ鱦ܼС
˵Ҳ֣鱦½зֵꣻңڷ͵ʱҲ˵Դӷֵȡ죬ֻҪܸóЩɱȴѡԶǧҲҪųǳǵ鱦ܲǰȡ죡
·𲻵鱦ܲˣ˵ûȥڵĵطȡͣͻԲ˳һ㡭
Ͼ׹һﶼ˷֮Եȵĵλ
ʱŵʿԿһĽˣϲЦտųϲŸľӣ߽
ͺźǰݵġ
һľӰװ쳣Ҳơ
ʵҲģϾЩľӿǳЩźӵĽ˺ϣҸСı汣ôУ
ֻҪǴ򿪼飬߾һֲͷҲʹһĹϵ
ϹϵʲôҪֻҪܶһͻС
Ǻʱ鱦Ʊʲôˮһķ˳ȥ


640 ɱְ̬
ʱ鱦ͣȫһӣ˵ǳеţʻʹòȷʵģ
ֻҪǴĿͷģȷɱֱɱǸһͽһٲˣ
Ͷپո٣ۣͯ޻٣
ȻˣͷɱǰСɱʲôģʱûУۣͯôһʵ
֮˵ֻôһ㣬鱦ķĺܵλȡǮĺܰȫڴãͼ˱˵սǰð͵ģֻҪһȷϣΪôߣʵôǿֱӵ£ǮҪ
ԼٵķʽĴ½
ʱһЩĴңΪǿҪռ˵ļһһıʵʵ
ûðҪԼǺοգ
Ǯ϶ǺöǮһǼ׼ģʽʵڵòʧ
¾ͷڴ·ĿŵҲİȫݣ
Щͼ˵ļһɴһûˣĪһɱĿ꣬죬ʵһ㣬ûģ
ɱֵĸߵǣٸѾһֻ۱һֻۡ
ԳҲóȻ£ֻĽʺ޵Ŀһȥ
ЩɱҲȷʵǱֳǰδеʵ
ǽǵʱСı˼һ£߱޶˶˵ײһ£ҲֻĳڵǸԲסԲסû塭
Լ¶ˡ
ʮֳϿҵϢˡ
һλɱ֣˵½ǰһٵţŸǳͣսǵĵͱһļһ£ڸͼԴļʱ˺üɽĵ嵰ƺܲɵؽλɱֵ·ϡ
ɵλƢãеøʣſھһ䣺쵰û۾ֱײ
øôߵڰ׻Ƿָ¹ΪŲǵ˵ǶǼҳ㷹
λɱû˵
ʱ̧ͷһֻǰһɱϿŽòƶźźӣҲ͸¶ѪôһϮˣֱӾҪûˡ
⡭ⲻǴ˵еġͷ͵ɱְ
ҡҸղžȻײһ˵ɱɱ֣һ嵰һһһ䡭ȷʵôɲʲôأ
ӿˣ
ϵǣλɱֵһ˲ʱһͰ׵ЦݣЦԲסԲסҵĴȿȣļǲ˼㿴
˵ͳһӣɷ˵˴Щ⳥ļԲסˣǧ⣬ӡﻹС
ôɱ˭
赱ɵʲô
ӣֱλɱָԶˣûع
ۣǴ˵еɱ֣Ȼе󣬵ôȸڵǸŻҪòҪзȣѵΪûòˣ֮ģһʱ۷һޣǰѴӸڵǸ֮ʣȫע
ͬڳŴһĻɱ־㶼ĿɿڴӶһ
Բۣ
λһԲϰνɱ˵ɱֽǰһٵţ
λ˵еĶɱ֣
ɶʱƢôˣ
ⲻ֪λɱеĸҲΡ
Ϊ롣
ͷֵһڰ
һ׻Ӱ
СҴı
ڹɱˣΪʵ۹ͨôһôȥͣ
Ϊ˱۲ײһ¾Ͷһڣ
Բۣɵ
λ˵ֻײһ£һ٣¾ɫҪǿϣҲֻЦϣ㵽ס
ֻҪ쵽һڡ
һڣ˭еõȥֵͷѪĵӣʱӿ϶լҼһ޶ϴ˳ңڣ
֮ǴӴҲɱˣ
ھĿֻһ֮ң㲻˸ָɶҲŵˣ˳ͻֻԼӡ
׻˵úãɶšǧ֮ӣã
ԺעҪһкĸ̣ԺЩΣյ飬ӣͳͳ޹أһڡܸЩһˣ
λɱֿΧͬЩɻ󡢲⡢𾪵Ŀ⣬һͷ߽ȥ
ޣ˭ͬСעҪϴֵˣ
ɱᣬôҡ֪ҽҪΪ󸻺ôԺӷŽɱԴҾͺ¶


641 ޱߺ
ɱʵʵУȡ͡
Ȼȡ֮Щ˼ֶʧˡ鱦߳ȥһ̣Ҳû֪ȥ
ǮˣȻҪƲ¶׵ĵǺܶõġ
һô죿ڿǮˣ
һЩ·Ǻܶģɴ鱦ƤҪ鱦󱣻ڻ仧ʲô
Դˣϰܷǳ൱İ˼⡣
ЩˣľЩһһ͸ĵͽɱô
ôС£ηηβһܹɱ֡մϱߣ
Ȼϰ岻Ǻ˽ԣײһ䣬ûǮȥƴǮȻҪϧ
һѾ͵úף
飬ޱߺɱǰȡ͵ʱ򣬴ﵽ˸߳
ʱ㣬ƽ컹Ѿˡɱ֣Ҳ˾
֪㲻ɺϣڷ˵ʱűޱߺɱǰȡˡ
˲һ
ҶЦôȵˣȻֱӾŴ͡
״ǲſڽ࣬漴һЦ
֮ǰλޱʥ֮ǣ˿Ҳ̲סҪЦ
鱦λãһˮһ߽ʮˣ
ʮˣ÷ǳһ£ȴɱжʱͨ£ǡԲԱĿǻŽص룻ÿһЦݿ䡣ȻƵϢڣǣѾ˺ܶܶࡣ
һòƶһЩ̡ɹʿͷ
ǰΪһˣɫ𪣬ݳӷ׵ԱϣԵЩײ࣬ϸߣܻмֹ۸С
ޱʥ
⻹ˣһμޱʥݡ
Ҳޱʥһϣ¶档
ȻҶЦҲ֪Լ˿̿ģޱʥˣ⵽ǲޱʥıĿǾͲһˡ
ޱʥȻ״̬ôϾʹˣӽԺޱߺ֯Ϳˡ
ʵϣܹһݵĽҪչ˵Щ˵⣬Ҳͽϴ֣ɽˡ
ޱߺֵЩˣӦþޱʥ֮£еġ˶Ľɱˡ
ȫԱǶɼһ֮Уնᡣ
ȻȫԱһ⣬ҲΪȷһʧˣһʱ㹻ʵӦ⡭
ȻЩ˶Ŀأ˺ĲƸͬʱҲǶδĿ㽡
Լһ
뵽ҶЦ񣬾ҲЩˡ
һʱ侹һɲ֪Ĺζ
ԭмЦ˲ʱΪҲʶʲô
ޱʥе𣺡һΣһֵƴս͵ͷǵ˲٣ֻǲ֪Ƿһͬʣͯأ
ҶЦͷǵȻ˭ܽǵУֻҪ鱦ĿͷǮһḶģ
ޱʥԵʱһ˿̵鱦ͬܵð׹ӽһ֮ˣͬСɣޱʥĵʵмη壬֮׿ϣֵȻˣҵȵĻһ죻һЩʱ䣬һЩ˽˶ԹҪ֮󣬶Թฺֻۣһսһա
ҶЦһޱʥ˿ĳ᲻跽㣬룡
ޱʥһת䣬ɫһӱúЩζ
ܸӣȴҲܿĸо
޶ż˿̵Ҳͬӣͬİٸнһĸо
ƺܹԤеޱʥҪԼ˵ʲôϵıʹ࣬ìܡ
ƽ̾һ
ɱǰ˿̶һá
û˱ƽޱʥ֮ĶԹˡ
䣬룬Ӧ֪Ҫ˵ʲôޱʥȿˣ˵
֪ҵȻ֪ԴǽţȫҾѾ֪һ㲻ãڲ˵Щ壬ǺܿЦô
ޱʥĿһ£֪˵߻о쿪̫ˡˡҲٹˡ
ɭȻ˵ˣ㲻ȥˣڻ˺ܺõᣬǣЩ޹ɱˣָΣǺγƽһȴ˭޹ճ
ޱʥĿãͻȻһתָʮλɱ֣˵Ҿ͸˵֪ޱߺһж𣿶ʮĽ֪ͨһ׷֪ɱ¾֪


642 ɱԸ˳
Ҫǣһλɱ֣˿̣Ѿȫˡƣͬһʣɱ֣ڴ˴ִ֮ǰжʮһˣڣʱ˿ֻ̣ǰЩˣ
ڣޱߺֻʮĸˣ
ޱߺлڣʮһޱߺ֯ϳˣ֪ôޱʥԽԽУе˸
䣬ֻһ䣬ɱֵģɱΪҵĿΪʲôޱʥĿƣ䡣
䳤̾˿
Ϊʲô
⻹˵ô
ޱʥش𣬾ԼٵĽ˵ȥɱΪҵһɥְҵһΪݵе˭Ϊ˼ˣΪԼΪںˣܹӣ
ǣһ书֮⣬ûıֶΡȻΪ˿һԺҲһǮһ±㲻ˣΪ˹ҳҲһٺ»ôһǮˣܹһһԽĻô
һʲô֪ЦƶЦ潣ǮǴүûǮȻһͨ챾£ܳԵģԲϣҪԣȥȥӣȻ书µһôô
οҪϥҪķУҪίȫάһ±
ǣǱ޳ܣþֶΣҲίʵ˺޹ҾΪʲôԼҪеΣңȴֺγûУЩֵܣûУȥЩֵܣûУΣĲѣ˺һЩˣܰߵˣȻȴǲڣ
ǶԸ㣬ݺ㣻ǡΪʲôǱ˴ͬΪǮ£˺ܶࣻǣжٸǿóǮɱ˵ģ
г󣡡
νһǮһֻռµһͷһգҾԶò߼룡
ò߼룬ֻһδεȥۻ͹Ϻӣ
ǵǰ·ĴʯҲɱ㣬Ҫɱ˭ҲԸ㣬ҶԸ˭
Һ޳ܺҽȻô˵ˣң޳ܣ㲻ҪҲȻҪ˵˵ȫﻰȻĲڣ
֪ˣ϶ҪµΣˣҪ޷ˣĥҲûʲôˣο˭֪
ͽռµһɱֵͷȴһƽӹ֮û㹻ʱɱˣȴƫƫѻȫȥ˵䲻ģվéӲʺ
µһͻʼһԸʱϳȲѣֻҪϵ㣬ǾͲԸڶ
ô죿
Ψһֻۣɱ㣬һڣ
ΪɵĻƣͬΪɵ㣬ʲôֱ𣿣
ֻҪ˷ͣǣǿ취ϴԼյıԭòȥ֮е
ˣ֪Ծҽר㣬Ҫ˵죬ͽ֮ĶԹ˶
Ƿ֪һΪȡͻ죬ޱߺȫɱ˽ȥֵǮЩĿ꣬Ѿ˿Դ
ֵǮЩ壬һûмֻһλȨأ䱸ɭϣҪЩ˵ı֮£ͷҪߵĴۣڶ֮ǰȫ޷ġ
ޱʥʮλɱ֣ÿ˶ǵͷȦ졣
ڶ֮ǰޱߺ˶۾Ŀң˵ʥǸһƱֵ֮ǾͿ˳˰ɣͿ㹻Ǯô˯˯ȻѣԳĺ˰ɣ
ٸֵܣôңڿһʵңǶϣţڿţΣţܹӣ
Ȼڶ֮ȴһһľ
ˣǮԹޣôֵһ䡭
ֵܶǵڻǳԼ嵱ͬھķʽնɱĿ꣬ÿÿ˲䣬ԼȴĿĻ˲ʱ࡭
ǰٶλֵܣȫ⼸εж֮У
֮Уֻٶˣ֮ǰü˵һ仰ģ˵һ仰ĻҲûС
䣬֪ü˵һ仰ٶ˶˵ʲô𣿡
ޱʥͨ죬Ŀƣͳĵеֵǰһ仰ǣֵǣҰҵǮˡ˼޿Ĺ¶ûκ˵ģǣҵģǽһչ˺ҵļˡֵǰæ


643 ɱ˶Թ
Уʵ߾ܻ󣬾ֵܣʥǰһЦĶ˵һҪ÷ǮǮֵھȪ֮ҲҹǮڵص£ҲҪΪͷ쵽ǮԺһҪôҹϺӣҲҪˡҪȻĿ
ޱʥ˿̵ȻЩʣɬ
ɱˣնɱ˺ܶĿ꣬һΣǴÿ˶ƴȥɵģǰδеƴ
ΪǮΪܹǴϺӵǮ
ΪǮȻˣǿˣֵǿԣ˿ԣԣôƴˣ
ɱյǮȴҲǮ
쵽Ǯ֮ǰұҪܹвǵˣйԹˣЩԹ˽ᡣ䣬һҵĸ֮
ֻҪЩһֱųޣôܵ˶ãʼҪâڱʳѰ
ʱᵣģһͻȻ
ƻеļ԰
֪ô֮ǰҺҵֵǣ붼ûУΪʲôΪǮһ⣬򣡿ȥܲ٣ֵһ֣ٳԺöȲ˲еǮֵϣҲûˡˣٵˣ
ܶ־ͻˣ˽ûӣǮʲôǮһ׬㹻ǱĹҪĹ
ΪǽǺڣ
ǣǮˣȴܱܼҵİܼӻҪܼңܶǮһԻ⣡
䣬ǵ̬𣿡
ˣŷλԺȲʳпںȺˣҲȫ䣬أ
գһ԰ϵģǮȫ׬ĻᡣǸԸȥƴȥڣֵһЩ񣡡
Ͼлŵġ
Ͼֵܹеĺӵģ
Խգǰ㣬ǰ£˶һΣ
ǲ룬ò׹֮ȴʱ̵ģʱ
ޱʥһ˵һ仰
ڴ˿̣鱦һֱѹֵƿǰǣ䣡
ҶЦһţֻԼﾹ˵һʲôζ
Դ֣޷˵
˵ʲôǶࡣ
ԷǴ˵б׺ݵɱּţ
Ȼ˿ȴ˺ۣԳˡ
ҶЦۼޱʥ䣬˾ս޿ɱ⣬ȻҶЦʲôˣزޱʥ˼Ȼʮ㣬ȴսǡ
Ϊʲôѡһ·鱦鱦ͬΪɱֵҲΪβҶЦüʵ
ǵȻͶѾ֮䣬ѪǵġˣʣµģҲֻһ
ޱʥЦǹˣ˭𰸲󣬶ȴעģֻҪս֮սһ£ѽ֣ʵʵʵ
ĹˣǾޱߺǰ䡣Ȼлڣ
ҶЦһʱȷʵ޿ɱ粵ԭжԣشĽˣҪ⣬̸ף
ǾƲģҲޱʥһѽۿУӿ˻ȥ
Ըڽһ¶ɱҲԸڶͷµ
ޱʥ˵꣬Ĭһ£漴һʹ죡
һӵû˵ôˣЩҲһֱѹʱգлһȫ˵˳һ鱦ķ䣬ƽ죡Щ˾ߣﵱʹ죡
˵ʹ죿ôʹ죿
ޱʥһߣʥǰĿģΪʹ죬ʹ죡
Ҫʹ죿ü
ɱң񲻾ʹˣ
ޱʥϡһγһڽһ⣬¡
ȻҡΣ졣
ޱʥֱ䣬ƽ˵ҴӲýΪ˶ϱ˴˶Թ䣬γѽɱң
ɱңжԹԹһʹгޣһ˵һʹ죬ҲȴĽᣬʹ죡
ޱʥһǣҪӦң֮󣬳ԹԶҪȥΪʣµʮֵܣˣǸõõǮȥһӵӣ
ǣһǧֵܵ˵룡


644 һʹ
ʥʮɱͬʱһУȻϡ׷װγ˱һѵĿ䣡
ɭȻɱ˲ʱ磬Ҳһ̣ս
ҪʲôޱʥŭȫıѲҪ췴ô
ֵǵ£ûϴһ˱Ȼһ𿸣Ѫ·Ǵһ߹ģһɱĿɭ䣬ˣǮǲҪˣôҲϴһ˱˰װɱ
ƨһǧڵͣޱʥŭһϣλᣬǵǸԲ֮գѵֵǰ˲ɣ
ϴôˣһҲҪˣɱֹŲӣˣԴ·ﱾûܹգ
ޱʥڲ͵һȺ˶ôҸô˵һûǾͲ˲ɣǵԼôǱжأʹһսһ֮Щô죿Ŀȥֵܺ޾Ȫô
ʮɱֶĿ¡
ˣˣԺȫҪúûţúˣֵĺӣϾҪúõĹúõƷζ
ޱʥЩ˸е˵һ·ϰҲãдҲãһҪٹԴڿϣ˽ûӡ
Ǻ󱲺ûϢһӹӹµµڼҲ¡ܱȴҪǿԺǮˣдѵǮ˷ѣԾĻӻޱʥЩɳơ
Ȼǰһɳ˵䣬ɱ㲻ֵܣ㱾ҲҺͦҵģ֪ζɱҰɣ죬ˣҾǰɡ
ЦЦɱʧݣûбĿУҿһ
ƽĿޱ飬۾ȴڿʮɱ֡
ξֻҪʮһͻ֡
ޱʥ˵£νԴֻغ
ƽԴ鱦֮˵ʱ򣬾ֻվһߡ
ޱߺһɱĹ£ķѾһУ
ޱʥ۾ƵĶ䣬ȴڸʮɱ˵ǾƲҪҾǣǶ֣ˣҲĿ˵ҲҪǣԶúȥǵиҶֵģͲҵֵܣҲȥڶֵֵܵܣ
ס
ɱԼΪˣһٶԼֵܳ֡
Լֵ֣ôʮĸˣһҲ߳ȥ
Ϊ䣬ƽ죬һĪķ
ǰĳΪ󻼣ֵܹϰȵĺӣǷǳЦ
Բɫֵ
ҶЦҲھؿš
Ҳڵȴţľ
ʱ˿̣ûӲܰ
ĬĬվһᣬͻһ֣ǿںĳ˳
һ׼ޱʥؿڡ
ޱʥ״Цãڿ϶ôӣǵãӴһʹ
˵ţͦţ̧ͷ۾
һĴݣ
ѪծѪ
һ㣬ԴӿʼԴӿʼɱ֣
һ죬վᵽġ
ΪԼĽʣļֵһƽϲ֣ԺȲĺӡ
ֵˣ
ãǾԸһƽ𣬽Ժ󣬶Թ
˱۾һĸӡ
ˣ֡ޱʥ۾΢Цţ˵һƽ𣬶ԹһҲǲˡ
һ̳
һȻȫΪǿһ
죬׼У
֮죬ޱʥһȫԸҲδرܵùÿмܵˣ
һ˸ޱʥҪ͸
Ѫ˲ʱ֣
˾һв֮
һƬУɱͻȻѪӿ۾˲ͶˣɲǼʲôҲˣҪΨһһͷǸɵ䣡
һУƺһ̶
ޱʥɣ
ޱߺ𣿣
ֺˣǰԹһ˽᣻֮Ƿһʹ
ޱʥأͦţ۾۾ǲţÿһʱգʱ˿̣Ҳŷ䣬µһʵ飡һ֮£
ţ⡭
ޱʥԺס۵ĲŸӲţתΪĪʧѪõû


645 ˣ
ڳˣһһǵɱ֣ɱеܹԽ˼ˣһνǱһ֮䣬֣ޱʥҪн޽֮дѪ罦أ
ɣޱʥôأ
òƻо˵ޱʥֵΪʲôΪʲôһû䣬һǿһ֣Ҳῴǡ
Ȼҳƺһƽ֣ԵȫԸ
ޱʥǱվˣ͸Ѫ罦ʱ̣ѾкһѪʮһ֮ޱʥôܲأòûô˥أ
عⷵգ
أ
ٹƬ̣Ϊ˵ޱʥȻоʲô䣬㡭ʲô˼ͳһҾͿ㣬ûɱֽôôһ˳ɱ֮
ţ
뾪ȣʲôһνףڳˣ˸ܵһޱʥո˵ˣһҲԹôƬ̹⾰̬ȾǴأ
Цһ㿴ң£û£˵˲㣬㾡ȫһѪѪϴ˽֮֮һУҺθɣ
ޱʥĿ⣺ãһһѪѪϴһƽ𣬶Թ
һϣȴסĽԼа˳
Ž鶯ԭѾѪپٶȼӿ죬γһ˲ѪٶȾѪɫٲ
͵ǰ״ۣȲ˵ޱʥΣѪ˿϶Ѿˣޱʥ˿̻һ׼ġѪˡˣ
һƽһ֮޶Թ䵭˵ˣһұϾѾ̳ˡ̹ˡԺȥӣȥӣ
㿴Ҳã㿴ҲաӽԺҶ˾ˮˮصҵĶľš䵭ˣ
Ѫ޶࣬ɫҰ׵ޱʥһЦˡҹȻǲģⱲҲעȲģֻǣһ֮ͣģպб֮ա
ɱּ״ȴ־ϲҲǶɱ֣ȻޱʥʧѪأ״ǲã״̬ԣȴΣ״ȫͬҲǸʧѪȻ֪⵽ôһ£ȷֻҪ䲻Լϴ֣ܱס
һɽɱڻϲ֮࣬ȴָ̣ԼϴòôµһȻ˶˼飬ôҪ˼˵ʲôһ֮ͣպ󱨴治Ư
ҶЦĿ䣬ֳһԵο֮⡣
˼֮£еʼĩԵɣ䡢ޱʥڣȴҲΨҶЦȫȻϸţ
ȣȻѾԼĹ൱Ļ˵ѾСˡ
ĿǰϰĽΨһصֻп졢׼У
졢׼㲻⣬⽣ټ㾫ȷУȴǽ빦˫Ҫ
򵥵ġС֣ȴ˶ΪľգԪļ޾
ղһίʵĿǰΪļһ޻٣
䲻ݷĽ٣ȷ㣬Լȫڽ֮ڵĽԪûй
һһҪΪΪ£ΪޱʥֵܣҪһ
ȻѾѴԭʧԹǳԹ˶һһó
һһҪѪ
ѪϴԹ
䣬Ծһ֮ȷ㣬һ͸壬ȴ˿ڸν࣬һȻޱʥʧѪȴ϶ϲΪԪĸ֣ȻʧѪֻҪΪδģڶʱȶƣ֮䣬ȬޱʥƣʵڲΪ
ޱʥɱֽ𣬶β׸飬ʱľһΪһķ壬ʶΪһϻ꣬ȴҲǸ¾һ˳
ǹƬ̣Ҫнһ͸ԼҲĪ£˹鿴֮£βʱԭί˵˵ʵ˵裬Ȼż˵һѪѪϴ˵֪ࡣ
ȻˣܵԹк˵һ˵˵ġһ֮ͣģպ󱨴𡱣ȴֲ˵𣬶˵Ҫ
ղޱʥ֮һƽԹʱɣǧתҶЦ֮⣬˾лٵĲ֪ײ˽⣡


646 ֤
˵ޱʥĺ֮ҡҡͷһƽ𣬶ԹҪʲôкˣ
ޱʥԵͷҰ׵һ˿ЦݣΣ顣
漴ͷ˼شԼ˿ڣһһʣΪλô
׶ֳãȻ֮⣬ͬİˣǵ룬ҲǵҺҵֵǵ롭
̾˿˵
ޱʥֻоһԵΪֵܣ඼Ϊˡ
ҶЦȴҲһڵһƽ𣬶ǴҾ͸ϽӰɣǵףһ££Ӵ֮󣬾ʮĸɱ֣ʮĸ鱦ڴԤףʮλٵüżӣٿƽ
һЦ
ޱʥҲЦЦԿóЦݺܹ죻Ӧô꣬ѹûôЦͲЦˣȴʮĸǾŰһʮ
ʮɱͬʱ˵ǣǾŰһʮ
һЦЦů
ֵǣϻ죡ޱʥһȣʱ߰ٶͬʱӿռָ˳ѵúСɽ¡
ҶЦʹ˸ɫƽȥȷӦɸͽĿ
ǱҪߵḶֵܻ́ҪأοֻϤһİˣ
ޱʥҶЦ˵ޱߺһնɱĿ߰ʮˣȫеˮƽϵȡͽϼһǧڡ
ҶЦ˵ͷ
һǧڣֻҪŰһʮڡʣµЩǲҪȫת͸䡣Ϊǵһ㲹ɣֵǵļϡĸ١
ޱʥϴ˿ȴһƬտȻǮ롭ҲͲˡ
һл⣬ֻǮҲҪ
㿴ǣǮȣǮࣿޱʥȻת䣺Ҷɱ֣˭Ҳ˭߹ƾʲôǣΪһҾˣԭ⣬˵
죬ֱ죬βŵղҲԣҪˣ
ڳˣҶЦڣȫɵۣ⡭ôװݵôҲϴˣ
ãӺдϣǮҪҶҪΪԴǲǱ¿ˣǰǮˣЩⶼŽӡ
ޱʥ˺ߣЦЦֵʣǮҲˡжһʮڣƽָŰλѾȥֵܵļأǮǺܶ࣬ȴҲԲ٣ȹŸˡ
ǻŵˣЩ·ǼЦΪԼǶһЩޱʥȻ˵֮󣬴ҸطҾ춼ȥҸԸտԼ˾ļˡҲǻŵˣҪΡ
ʣ߰ڣûɵϴעˣҪˣֵҲ⣻ԾʨӴ죬Լһٰʮڣʣٶʮڣʮֵܣÿʮڡ
ޱʥ˵꣬Уе˵۾ġ
УҶЦڡ
ޱʥķƸ״˵
ȻԼԳԼõö࣬˶֪Աޱʥĵλ븶˵ЩǮõĲ࣬˵õ̫ˡ
һ֯׬Ǯ֮󣬾󲿷ǮϴµȲģеǣ
ޱʥݵλʵģֵɣκ˶飡
һٰʮڣܴһ֣ʵ򻹲ɣ
Ծ޴棬ܹôѵط䣬֮١
֮ȫ˵ףҲ֤ޱʥһĿ⣬ԼʮֵܣڣǮû֣ǿ侲ҲԴ󷽣Ǯ֮󣬻᲻һɲǼˡ˵԰˵
Ȼ˷֤λ֤ʮĸֵ֮У˭ͼı죻˭ҪֶռҪ̡ôһ鱩¶ֳ֣ĺǣ׷ɱˣڴлˣ
ѵԼ׷ɱԶ֣Ǹӵ˳ƽһʵ
δءޱʥǺһЦڽǮǰʵģͰأʱѾأԶǡǸÿǶǵ˲ȫɣ
ҶЦжȻһ̾
ޱʥⷬǽһеĺ·ȫˡ
ûôһֵĻĻ˽ԼֵɱƲΪС£Ƕôϡ
ͬףѣ
ٸڰ
ʣмܹأ


647 ֽһ
ޱʥȻЦ˵ԼʡʱѾˡ仰ԲЦ
ֿԣԵĴڣ
ޱʥУһգ
ҶЦ֣˵ȻޱʥڣҾʹӦǣǵ鷢ҽһΣ·ͬʱҺ䣬ƽ죬ҲԳ֣ĺǣݣ
˵һ֣ʮĸ㣬˳ȥ׼ȷ䵽˰ޱʥڵʮĸϡ
漴ʧ
ҵʶӡǡӡڣĿڵص£ҲҵֻǣҲϣõһգҶЦ˵Ȼ˭飬ҵһܲˣҷ֮˵ģ
ޱʥʮɱֶͬʱһлȫ
ڴ֮ǰȻ˵ǴͦãʵʵڵǣԼδжģҪ˵ˡ
Ҷǽϴһӵˣ˭֪˭
ֵ壬ͬѵʱ򣬿Խ󱳽Уڹĵǰм˲ֲ֣޶ƸǸΪ
ڣȴǿȫķˡ
˷ݳŵ
ȫȫһʧ
Ȼ϶˷ʶӡǣ϶ЩǡֻҪ㲻Բֵܵ飬лûʶӡǣʲôֱ
£ʲôʶ
ʱǱҲѾˡ
Ŀͷ˶ϡͽҲЩûʲô롣˵ǲǡ
ҶЦһ֣óʮڣ䡣ʣµģȫޱʥ
ͷȥ׼
ʮɱ֣ǲԼͬĺ
ǱƸۼžҪˡ
ӹеݹһռָޱʥԥֱӽ֮򿪣һŵúСɽһľӶƱһȫڵϡ

ޱʥȵ
ɱԽڶʼ˶ԣæ߶ڵ㡣
ǮΪ
棬ġ
ֵܻأο֮ǰһԵУݡ
ֻǣЩƱһԵڳ˶ǺһֹͣˣƺϢһ㡣
էޱʥԭһ㲻ɽʵ۾ǰСɽһƱ¹棬¶һһɫâʮһλɱ֣һҲ첱Ӵ֣Щð˺һһڵĭ
ڵƱֵޱߺɱ֣ĵ˷ܣǼУӴʲƸˣۿӴϾȫͬĸ
ֹޱߺһ˵ȵ̬䣬ƽˣжһ𺳵ɫ
Щ˲ͬ״̬ģҲˣһϰûа˷ܣֻȫľۡ
һҶЦۿ˱飬Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˱м˵ֽһѣ
ȴö
ҶЦһ㶣תͷȥֻߵıĿŵϵӴһƱɫǲм
һִӸϵӡ
ҶЦűǵʲƸûʧ̬ˣ
תͷҶЦĵ۾ȫʣʵӣҸ
ҶЦͷʵղš˵ʲô
ֱ˿̣ҶЦԾЩţ־ǳԱĿУ
ֵĿʵ̫ˣüֱͬҪһ㡣
˵ʲôһԻתͷĴ˿תһ˲⣺û˵ʲô
ҶЦһ
ôô£
ղŷǾ仰ٷְپǱ˵ġ
ҶЦĿע֮£ֵ̿Ŀ۵ɻίҪִֵ˵ӣҡû˵ʲô
ҶЦŵòᣬﻹڱʲôͽڻţû˵ʲôû˵ʲôǹˣҵĴҵĴ
أίίĵͷҶЦĸ첲
ԽΪȵޱʥƽܵƽʼȴһĻӶҪͻˣ
⡭Ѿµһֱķ
ءôһġҵҵĳѾͷ
иѾͷҲΪ桭ôܻôôŻţ
͸ղѾͷίίҪ޵ӣûſˣ
⡭Ҳǿ˰ɣ
ţȻҿۣǷƷζڳˣĺܣ
ţʥôʲôҶЦޱʥ񣬲ɵֵʵ
ȿȿȡûʲôûʲôޱʥЦһζо⣬лȫл⣬ʵġôǺǺǣǾĻҹ죬Ϊ˹


648 Ǯ
˹йôǲҪôԼչ˲ôҶЦɻʵ
ǣǡޱʥ֣β˵ǱߣţûǹȥҿߣҲûʲôʵź򣬶ѾͷֵܵĺˣܵþۣžȴǵĻԵ͡
ޱʥⷬԵĳĳ⣬Ͷұ޻٣˽ġ
ȻԼֵܵѾͷܹ÷ĻģһӶָˣôҲȸԼϴ֣Ҫǿöˡ
˵ˡλһһϧˣôһѾͷߡҪʱʱһϧĳ̬ҿһĳôԶȥλȻ˳硭ǱѾͷߣ׻˵úã˱˵ȻӣƷζأѵôһ˹֣
ҪǲǴûˡ
仰ո˵ڣͿеǸŮ͵תͷһӶסԼ
۾ŭɫ
Լ鱻ӣޱʥҲܹ⣬Ȼȴǣޱʥɱľ֣ڱһ֮࣬ȻоԼȫƺˣ
ԼĻǣҲѾ
ʶƺѾԼ棡
־Ŀ־壬ޱʥͫһӾɢ
ʲô
һ̣ſڳᣬҳó󣡹ӣ¶㣡ұˣ
ҶЦæοʲô˲ò࣬ˮɶҵֻ㣬ǶĿ֮İ˵Ļк
˵֣仰һ֮ǰޱʥɽѹһѹ˲ʱȫɢˡ
ޱʥͻȻоԼĻǣֻصԼ棬ת֮䣬һĺ£亹乶Ͱ͵˵һ㶼ޥУɫĺܡĺܳɫȿȣҸղ˵ĶЦСЦ˶Ѻٺ١
һ䣺йȼﻹõõҸʲôŮŮӾӹ֬׷ۣȽϡղίʵһʱڲԣˡ
һƬȻŮȻʵһһ֮䣬վһɢˣһغˣ
ҡҸղˣû¶˵ʲôŮһλҲòʲôƽˡֻλ̣ӻҲܽȫʰˣ֮ƶ֮ҲͲ˰ɡŷأſںԣ˼ȡֻ¾Ϊһ죬㲻׵ɥڴˣıߣ
ղűһֻۣΪҪԶޱʥһ˿ˣеĸоҲֻޱʥһ˲иܣˣҶЦڣȫȻ֪
˿̿ޱʥȻһСѾͷһ仰ŵͷ亹ҶǷ˷ۡ
ȻˣޱʥΪһˣڸƵ鱦ؽ磬Լ鱦֮õŮֵǫһ㣬һЩˣҲܹģ
һ¡
˵ޱߣѾôҲɱֽǰôءƽʵڿȥΪôǮôôϥôղͦԳޱʥȥˣ
ǼλɱҲԷ߷߲ƽϴʵЩʧ̬ˣ鱦˷ڶһŮôôҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻޱʥǿΣ̼֮£ȴ˵ԼǸоǸ֮еʶĨһѺڨڨЦôǮЩûʧ֮飬֮ٺ١
˵գ͵͵˱һۣȴªޱȵѾͷޱĵĿԼһаŮڿһСֻ˵ڿһŬһЦС
ǵСС˰ɡޱʥﰵذοԼǮԶԶģһҲˡḶ́ҿǲģҪ׹ô˵أͿŮΪɶˡ
˵ʱƱʽϣȷ
ʵϣɱָû٣ȫڵ㡭
ΪɱǵǮʱָͷ׾ģֺͷ
ȷ󣡡
Ŀȷһֲ١
ʾȷϡ
԰ʽ֣ȫԼʱˣ
ޱʥһʮɱ֣Ҳǳ˿
ЩǮǵˣ
ޱʥֻоԼΪʧѪղһţѪҺһԼ֮ȼգ
Ǯ
ЩǡǮ
˷ˣȽÿ˵ʮڣԼ


649 ˰
ޱʥһǿн˷ܵѹ£ȴ˵һ̣Ѿղŵľ׵˾⣬ΪʧѪɵҲڿ֧ܵ£޺
Ǯ
Ȼϴ˻ʮɱȴ㿴ңҿ㣬ãһɬͬСѧһ㣬һ۷Ź⣬ͨ죬һʱȴ˭Ҳ˼ǰǮ
ϻã֮ǰ㲻ǽҪһǮˣôµͷˣ
ôˣҾǸղˡ
ôˣӶǮëϵ
ǣ֮󣬲ϴôҾһһúõ㣬Ȼỹһô磬Ҫá
ޣûϴղŻңҲż˵Ǹá
߸߸硭ȡ
ҿ֡Ҳá
Ŷȡ

ȥûһ˿֡
ÿһ˷ֻ۾ĳۿѾҪҪģȴûһ֣ƾܵɻٳţûϴֶˡ
ĥʲôأϽðޱʥֵĺһ
ʮλɱ۾ֱĶŵƱ㣬ûǰһƴ
ᣬһ˾ƱѾȻԶˡ
ȡ
ȡ
ȡ
£۾ǲΡ
㲻ûϴˣۣôֱȥǮ
԰ۣ۶ˣǮȥɡ
ϽЩ
զЩ

զˣǮãʲôëôһ߿ޱߺһɱ֮ãһԵޱʥʱоԼˡ
߳ŭ֮£ɴ۾ôɱ쵰ģƽΪⶫǴɱ˷ŻΪﲻΪⶫôƽһΪ˼ǧһﷴѪͷѪоŰٶཫһǧڵǣطһĳɾˣݣװʲôװҪҪ治ҪҾȫЦˣҿɸ˵˵óõ֪ҵƢ˵һɱ˵ûǣ
һٺŭ
λɱֱ첱Ӵ֣ǲƲģΨѣһ󺺺֣߳ǣɶҡˣ
ðɣޱʥ
ˣ󺺴֣ŵҲ
Ͻðޱʥţôװʲôʲô
ǡҿ˰Ǵ󺺻Ǵ֣вѶγô
ð㵽òðޱʥҪˡ
ϴġҪ˰һ˵ģһȴҪ˵ƣͺǰеɽɭ޵һ㡭
Բ㣡ޱʥ̲סŭ緢ȻŭһǴһعƿڴϻƽҲû˰ôƽ㲻ҲͦӲİıʱû˵Ӷƫƫڸı˵һӶĵĴõ˰˰ٴξȻʡӵĲɣ۸Ӳ״̬ʰѾôӾԡ
һžޱʥŭҪ֮ǰʧѪδδ澢ǴһѪҲܲ˵ġ
˼״Ц
ʵ̿ס
Ǹ˴ϻҲЦЦñ˭תͷϴҿɾġ
ޱʥɫһֺˣҪȭߣæסû˵ȥڵƱ
ţ԰۾ʲô
ޱʥǰһһץסϻ·ӣѾĲҳʲô
ϻȻһûޱʥǿ˿ƱƱڣţţģΣΰ
ޱʥԣʶɿ˶ԷӣڳĺȻ֪ϻƱֵɲǣֻһΣһΣѣֻҪˣ˭ԸէأڴƱһ̣ʶı۾Ψ飡
ֻǣڳˣʣŵƱǰԼܱǸϻöأ
ϻȷϲΣɣһʱٲĵƱ
ʣµʮɱ֣һ߿֣һһĭĵװ̾Ҹղôأôһء
ֻϻһȻ󿴿Ȼָͷմ˵ĭһſʼһġԲۣһžһ۰
ָͷͬѪҪðָͷ߰˾ʮȻָͷһţʮʮߣʮˡ


650 
Ҳݡ
ޱʥֻԼµľٶǰһţôĸʲôһһţÿǣĳòôղŶ˵ġûǮ
ѵܺǮɣ˵ˣһ֮ٸһŵģѵĴںôģôô꣬ȥ±Ӱ
㿴ʲôôĻ㲻ʶֵҲ֪ޱʥ¿ĭ쳤̾
ֱӸоûˡ
ôʹôһȺɵȱ
ϻϽһã߶һġʮһʮʮ
һһĸˡ
˶ĿתȵĿţһѲƸ𽥸ָһҲôͬһѰ
ʮϻһ֮ȴͻȻͷͷץһƱǱߵʵҸղˣ
仰޹ơ˼εɫ˵ֱϲ˲䱬
˼
ʱ
⣬ҶЦ䣬ƽ죬һһ
ԭɱְ̫ˡ
ԭɱֵĵа֪ôǮܰҳӣΪʲôҪʲôɱֱ֣ǮҾˣҾȻô꣬ˣ̫ˣ
䣺Բޱߺɱ֣ôβ׷ɱҺþõޱߺɱأģ̫ˣ
ƽ죺ҿôĻɱôҵĵأҪȥ̫ɱֶˡýһõýƽɱַġ
˰ɣ˼Ǯˣɱˣôܸɵȱһʶء
ޱߺһɽɱ֣ӾԲϵϻϻ˭˭ʶ̫ôġ
ޱʥͬҪˣҡҪ㡭ҪѪˡ
ûˣ
ôҪĳϣô˿ţ
ѾĶ򸻼ˣͲܸҳ
ϻһգۣһļҪ޵ı飺ϴôҰҡֲʶ֪İҡôǮҿզҡ治ǹġ
ޱʥ̾һŰ۲˵ˣʣڴڵĴ
Ļʵǲ֪˵ɶˡ
ʲõվ˳Ҳ°˵ԼȷЩΪˡɼˣǵһ֣ܿ£Σ
̫ˣлϰ壬ǳˣޱʥм״ͷݺݵתͷʮֵܣ㿴ˣһһһؼʱϲ̨棻ùϲϯ˿ȴһ¿ѧ¿лҪ˿̡ҡôһֵԲۡ
춼ñѪӦүҵñӦ˭ǶԼҵأɻ
ޱʥ쳤̾Թģᡣ
һɱֵĿ֮£˷սսǰǮ
˭ֳ棿
ǰʮɱ֣ȫ
кöǰʮĵҲǺţƵ˵
˵ע֮¡ǮǺεȼѵ񰡡
ϰ忴Ǽ˷ĵУŭͷ򵨱ղޱʥ²һŵɱûǮʶǮֻ֪ʶ⣬⣬ɿǼ˷һӣôأ
ʱŭһѰ˼ʲôأ˷鱦˷һЩɱûǮҲûǮôǵϢǵרҵأǵأϽİѻƯˣ
һ˷ԲŵĿϰ壬ȥʲô˲֪ǻ֪ôϰƽµĲɱôۼôɱ֣ȫǶɱ֣ôȻһ㶼أ
ⲻѧˣϰôϧ˶Ҳ£ʲôǵǮôˣ
ȵڽʮ˵ÿʮڵ˳˷Ѿͷ졭
̱ڵء
˵£ܲôʮɱĿת֮£ֱҪˣ
ȻҲ֪Щ˲Ҷ֣ȻҲ֪˼ҿĸͲԼЩǮĵĿ־尡
ʮڣÿһһöռָ
ԭռָں½ԣǳϡ⣬ҶүΪԪǴﵽԪ߽֮ٲǸˣ
ռָĹԭǽһĿռ֮γһСռ䣬÷ӡĳϣָȵȣʵֻҪΪԪΣͿԵһ̶ȵĿռ֮Ȼں½ͼλ˲˽⣬˽Ҳ׾ӦֶΣҶЦĵԪ߽ǿߣȻȿռ֮ӦõӦ֣
ȻˣҶЦĿǰܹĿռָԺСȴûа취飬ռָߵʵΪֱӹҹҶЦԪ߽׵ʵռҲ߼ѣʵСĺܡ


651 ˳
ҶЦĿռָһôȹ̣㹻ȹ̣νù̻ӡ÷ӡʱЧԣһ˵ŸѾǼޣҶЦĿռָŸһǧ⣡
ҪΪҶЦô󷽣־ͳʮüռָ
һУռָԾǼѵãĹ屦ҶЦ˳һöûʵ۱ºϲС
ȻˣҶЦԼռָǰͳĿռֲָͬն˼ǿռָϵĹ屦ݿռ䳬˵Ҹӵȹ̣ҶЦպһûǮʲôģʲôãֻһ͵ĽָҲȫˣ
װʮӵĿռָһÿɱֶǼض֣˹ȥ
Ŷģ
ҲǸǮˡء
ǰʱ·ϿǮˣҪ¿ĭɵƣǮôʲô˲ģֻҪйңȥժԴǮиá
ڡ
ֻоǮðʵ̫ˣ̫ˬˣǮʵ̫ˣ
ߵͷһ˵һ䣺Ǯզΰɣ
밡
ˣ
ޱʥҲԼһٰʮڵʣµƱɴͳͳװһռָ档
ˣԺеʱڻ£øֵǵļҾǮȥ
ޱʥЦ
ȻɱǻûнߡǮ̫ˣҲͶʱСˣûʧôĿŵĳȥһô죿ǲ鱦ĸֻһʲôģ
еҪ鱦˼
䶼ȥˣһʲô˸ǣʲôǣǲȥ˱Ѿ͵ЦˡھȻڵıҡǡ
ޱʥдʣһʱһʱʱǶûǮȥڰǶǮˣǽˣôͲСһأ˵ôĲ̫ƽ
Ҳȥˣһ˦ˣĵ׸ǷȻҿɱ֣ɱ֣ô̫ƽǱǸãһ³ӡôǮ¹
治ˣνɱֲȻɫƾʲô¡ǱӣȻɱ֣
ޣ

ȻǱ˱ӣޱʥڵʮĸһɱ֣Ѿ˵ǴɱŶӣĥ䵽ҹʱ֣ȫԱװ磬һһ߳鱦ĺţҶЦۼһĻ̲ס̾Ϣһ
ʱ˿̣ʵʵĸо
Щ飬ʵ˵
·ѵֻΨһһ·
˻һΪʲô
ΪǮô
⣬Ҷû˵
һĿ⸴
Ϊ˼ˣΪ˻øã
ǣ
ʲôȷøأ
ʵ
һ֣
ǿʵ㻹ǵǮ
ţôҪΪǮأ
Ȼ֪ʵǰȴǶЩƲ䡭
Ψһȷġ
Ӵ֮󣬽ϣҲޱߺҲޱʥ
ֲɱ֣ʹӽģ˳

ǵĽ֣ЩοȴǲеЩ̾˿οǣһЩɱ֣ܹȥҪİˡҲһЩɱ֣ܹ˳ޱʥɱֶ壬ȻҲ˳ֹ
ұǡޱʥĶǿߣҪ˳ʱ򣬾ҲҪôСͬһ㡭ǰǺ»Ҫ塭ܹĵ
ɱֵ·Ĳߣṇ̀յ㡣䳤̾
ƽʵ˵ղ㡭ľͽ޷ˣôŹˣ
Цô͸ķŹأ㲻֪ղһҲûʮգֻҪκһ˿ƫ㲻ȷڱ֮ڵĽκһйޱʥһ֮ô
ǸУޱʥһԥһ춯ֻҪһһ΢΢ķҵĽκһƫƣˣǣʼգ̹ȻһȷʵǴ˳֮ġ
ⳡµĶľ֣Ӯˣһƽ𣬾һƽϿʵ֣δ죬ֻΪ˶ѣǴλãδزһѡߣĿóЩǮ֮Ĳһ֮ٻȥˡͺ֮ǰǰֵܡеʱҲһ㽵˵ʲôʱ򣬲ķɽ֣ȥԼҪģƽ
ȻͬģѾҪ˳жҺο໹ҪϾɱһ·ֺηЩį˵


652 ׼
ҶЦؿʮĸɱ߳ȥķʵôأ
䣬ƽͬʱһʲô
ͬİҲҪһȥӡҶЦҲԸǣԸǱǸǮӵûк֮ǡһ֮Уûк֮ǡ
仰һ˵˾ʶ㶡
漴ȿЦƽҲЦǺٺһ֡
Цţ˵ʵ˵һ֮ǰ˵ֻ¶쳣Ķľʹ˾˳һֱɱֽ룡
˶֪ɱ飬̱Űɱ־һΪǮ˶ɱĹ֡Ҳȷˡ
ɱ֣󲿷ֶΪȡȻе²ʣҲȷЩɱΪǮʲô˶ɱ¼ˣȫ׼ԡ
ǣֻҪܹһ˳ᣬû˻ܾûκˣԸһԶԴڽϹнûյ
ҲǣҲеҪ˳ֻҪ׬Ǯܹ֤һҪҪչ˵ˣȫܹչ˺ã㹻ˣͿ˳ȫҪԥǣҪﵽҪĵޣ̫ˣȻǺų¶ɱֵǣҪһĿ꣬ңңڡ
˵ǵˣȫ䣬ϼѡһ֮ǰӵġ
Ŀľ⣺ֻǡ˵۽磬ǳ˾ԡ֮ǰΪãǰ·Բֻ˼
ڣԴӾıףǷķ֮ҷ֣ҵ۽磬Ѿֹ˼Ȼǰ·̹Ȼǰѵѡѡϼѵĵ·
Ȼ˳Ϊ˵ĻᣬôȻҪ޷˵ĳȥΪǿߡǣһУ޺ǡ
޹ǣΪʲôԣ׷һķչκߣһѡ񡣡
һͷԼ֣ڣѾ˾ҵĿھһõ֤Ѿܹᵽ˼ϵżѾȻǰֻҪһȥ
֮һֱѹţֻڵȰ
۾¶̵ĸ飺ţһȥһա
ƽͷҵĸܣȫһҴûʼնûСԼ࣬¶ЦһҪ嵽ߵĲΣΪҵָһҪķޣҪﵽĿģֻвΪ硭
ԣҲҵΪߣֻҪԽԽã
ҵΪԽߣҵĳɾԽܹദʱԽƽ˵ɣҲҪͨɣҪ׹ɣ
׹ɡҶЦЦ׼ÿ治Ͱ
׹ʲôˣǲԽ½ޣǳԽ޲֪ĳܣû޾ռԼ񹦣ҶЦȻԸԷƱȴûжĿԴﵽ׹ӵĸ߶ȣΪ˵ҶЦˣƽĿ꣬治ʵ֣
ҶЦĵ׸̣ȴ޷˵Ȼ˵ڳҲδܹǳ̶ȣֻͽȻԼ˵ĶѣԽ֮£תͷأ
һͦأܸɴ˵ҵ뷨ܼ򵥣ӵֻϣߵҾߵΪɱ֣ҲϣӲߵôߣܹõңȥɱˣ
ҶЦĿһߵԸԶԶƽ䣬ֻҶЦ֮УֻԸΪԶ
ȻƽĿ꣬趨˰׹ӵĸ߶ȣԾɲע׹ӵҶЦû޾ռ񹦵ҶЦĪԵҶЦԼһ׹Ӳսʤ֮һֱԼߣɾ;һҪƽߣ
ҪԶǰĲ𣿡ҶЦ˼ЦЦãҾ͸ĻᡭֻҪʼܸϡ
Ȼ˵ġʱܿһ仰ʱҶЦ뵽˰׹ʱ˵ģ֮ط£
׹ӼȻ˵ˣǾһʵôԼڰڣҪﵽȥĵز
Լߣ׺壬ǾûģʱԷ
ⷴǱأ
ȸǿţҪڶʱﵽĵزѣ
оǡ
ڵΪʲôزҶЦüʵԪƷˣ


653 ׷
һ仰Щ⣺ӣʱڹӵָ£ǰʱѾԪƷڵõ´ǲ֮ͻȻµĸѾԪƷнףĺҵΪȻҲͻͽһգɴ˳ɾͣȫӳȫ
ԼĿǰΪ⣬Ҳܸм
ûҶЦԼԴﲻһ㣡
ҶЦͷȴžüǲ̫ˣ
ƽ죬ǳԾķһ䡣
һŶ೤ʱ䰡Ѿô࣬ĻԪλףԪƷнףԪΪˣ⻹ʲôβŹ㲻أ
ԡһ˲䣬ҪҶЦǲе̫ëˣ
ڵĽǲֻµʱ䣬֮ڣҪΪճĵزҶЦóԾֻţҿԸȷĸ㣬֮ڣǴﲻҪմһϣˣ
մһϣ
Ŵ˲ʱɫ䣡
ղŻֻǾҶЦëõƽ죬ֻҶЦֱΣˡһصֱȴҶЦԼ˵Ķģ㲻٣
Ҳ˵Լʱ䣬ֻʣ£
ģһ֮ڣﵽҪǸΣԼҲаиࡣ
šҶЦȡŵ񵤣ÿ˷ţԣ˵õĵҩּڹ̱Ԫ׼ȥΪģĿǰȣҪ֮ڴﵽҪĿ꣬ȷʵЩǿѣұԸֶΪϾ˷ΰ룬պдʱ䲻ˣ¼Ȩֻˣ¾ͽ֮£ҪѸọ̈̄
˶ӦһȻ֪ҶЦ˵޵ķʸȻʲôʲŻˡ
һ̣ȴҶЦָһöҩмٷɳ
ƽࡣ
ͨƽ˲䣬Ϣʧˡ
ʱĽСѾòҰæȶˣҶЦЦţƽ졣
ƽһĸм죬ϲ£죬ǰѾ껹ǺҪ֧һܹд˽ȫ˹֮
ţģȥ򣬻а취״áҶЦˣھͻȥһˣҪŵ˾춼źãʱ򣬻ǳȥʱˣǵʱĲˡ
Ӧһã
ҪŵģҲҪ찲׵ҶЦ˵
˵ձűС֣˽ȥ
˶оӵòƲǺܸߵ˵
ҶЦü˼š
Ψһ⣬Ҳ⣬Ǳ
Ȼ٣ѾԪƷĲΣǣԪƷ۷壬յĲΣǲңɼľ룡
ɲһ飻ڣҶЦ鵤伱У
ΪĳЩ鵤ȻдΪЧƼĴ൤ҩЧѣﵽΪɲǵΪˣˮɣҪսҪľĥ£Щȱһɡ
˵ҪñڶʱڴﵽΣͲʵ
Ҫôźˣ
׹ٱ˵İʵ֣Ȼ٣ҲʱԣҪҶЦڰ֮ڣʮŶ񵤣ֲܵԣ֮ط¡˵ȻȻǱϲʱ޵ĻҪԼ
ҶЦüͷһʱо飬޼ơ
ñһԼôܷģôã
ǡ
ʱȻ˽
ʲô£ҶЦƵĵ
֮ǰͻĿ꣬ѾòˡɫСĵ˵ӣҲˣҪ൱һĿ궼ƽɵãͲ֧ˡ
Զ׼ϰҪ׬Ǯˡ
ţãϢ֮鱦ٿᣡҶЦ˾
ǣϡʱһȸԾ
ššҶЦסҪ߳ȥһ䣬Ҫˣһߣֻ˵㽫ô죿
ߣߵȥɻ󲻽⡣
ȥ档ҶЦָָϡ
ɫһӿ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶЦҡ߲ˡΪǳңһ̫֡ҡҡ¡
ˡֻһ仰ҶЦȫ
ߡ
Ļѷ֣׷ģֻ˼主


654 
ţߵʱ򣬻½ĵ񵤣Լٵţ֮ǰȸ㣬ȿЧ˵
ҶЦмסһ仰
Ȼ˵һ
Ϊ£ǧǧ򣬲ҪģҶЦĿ仰߽ٻصʱ򣬻㡣
ͷʾԼǵˡ
ʵϣ仰һǣһУһã

°ϣҶЦű֣߳鱦
鷳ɣ
е飬֮ճ̣ΨбҪôأ
Ǹͷʹ޽⡣
ɵĸ֪飬ֻĳ£óȻţֻǾĸڴȥ
ҶЦ˰죬ûкõĽ취͵һ¶ģ
ȥʵ
ţȥ⡣ҶЦһھðһա
뵽ĽȴԼһ֮ɽ
ɽϷĹ¿൱٣ŽڴɽУһСѾͷҲΪڴɽϮûԵʦѧնȥڣҶЦڴɽһѣ
Ŀǰ޽⣡
еĿĵǴռ伫ı
һֻҪʰڿռȻһõľ󣬾ˡ
ñ
ͬʱԸֵ񵤣߻ķʽʵӲԵ
Ȼǰȣʱ䲻ˣȴҲǹ˲ˡ
ֻҪΪùˣԾתĵȥ
һŲţŲš
֮ܶǲϧۣ㽫ͷԴȫĹΣ
ȵеĶ飬ٴͷĲҲˡ
飬ڳ޷һ򶯾̫󣬶ҲױһڽҪͷôһӣǳ׵Ļٵˡ
ŽǸΣռǼʵص㣡
ʱ䲻ˣ뵽
ҶЦűƥһ·ţ鱦ţ뵱Ȼĳͨ衣ʶûʣλʮɲŵŵʱ򣬾ѸٵĴ˴š
ҶЦܿĵһлȥ

ɽϡ
Ϊ֮ǰʱҶЦأǰǰæС졭
ɽ֮С
ѾԭеĶߣ֮࣬ҶЦƾż䣬ʼȫעİ
λãȻһҪֻȫʲôҪ룬Ӳᡣţŵҩ֮ǰȥȻͿʼ˹ҩҶЦ˵Ҹ㻤ĽʵȥܹؼǧҪи
ɵĴӦҶЦָλϡ
ҶЦٿʯڳɵĴ̨
ӣΪʲôҪôأڻ̲ס棬һ䡣
аҶЦֽæţǵʱ䣬ֻʣ²ˡһ˵ֽŰڲԾɲͣܿ죬Ѿ׼
ʱҴҶһתۣʱȥ
ҶЦɽעΧԲʮжǰеһֻҲôͷɹ
˿ѾԪƷĹؼʱ̣
ֻҪһأԪΣ
ò˵ĽȣҶЦڴһͬʱҲǾĽҶЦĿϣ
˵оԼ֮ǰðգԱкĻô񵤣ĹͣͻƷ׵ٶȣеҶЦо֮ͻԪ롣
ҶЦɾˡ
ٶȻһ˼ңξԼЭͻƣ⼸ﲻҲܱõԼӲҪѰԼ
ξȻҶЦĻоЩ죬ȴҲûзϡ
ΪͻƣͶҪĻпҪģЩ󾳽ͻơ
Ծֻ˼䣬жˡ
ʲôΣգ͸Ͻξ˵
ʲôģξģһﶼѾܹΪβôأҲӦˡ
ΣʲôģҶЦڵ֣ں½Ҫҳܹвˣһѵˡ
Ͼ׹ӺͷƸ¥Ѿˣޱʥɱ֣ҲѾϴֳ񡭡
Ĵ֮£δܼô̫ҶЦİȫ
ҶЦȥǱˣѾǺˡ
ʱ䣬һš

ʱ
Ҷ켫ıսҲڴ˳ǳǣ
ʵϣҶ֪һսʵ״Ǵǣʲôĺڵţǰ㸯壬ֻĵԼֹⳡǿǡԡս
Բųٳٲе鱨Ϣ
ֱ󹦸ǰϦŽս˻ȥ
ȻһƬȻȻ


655 
һսԭڰ࣬һɱģֱȡֱ͢սԭǣƽ֮£Ƭ޴棬ҳޱ֮ǣӴǧ߲ԭ
ս֮еλֱõķھ
ҶֱһѪ򣡲ԭ䲻оҰŰԣιӺιιôҲµȥ֣ɥĲֱǶһ
Ҷ̱ȨĿ޾ϣɱ޼ɵȫԣҶ֮٣
شϱ͢ҶǺεȵ޷죡Ҷ޸޾֮٣
ȡʤȻ𢣻壬նɱʵͣ£Ҷ˾٣ɽʵ۹ƵйҵĶϣʵ۹Ϊ¹УĿ
ȻշԭΪƳɹ̻һãϱģءҶ˾٣ȴǵͬǶȥ˵۹Ӫĺ·ԭȻǧأһֱߡεȵı
¡Ҷ졭
£Ҷ˾٣ϳͲƽߣϳͣԶپʥôⲣ
ʥã
Ĺ൱һ󲿷򵹣һݺᣬ˵󣬼ֱԾȻ˵ʥ
òƾֻ˻վţһ仰Ҳû˵
࣬ϼһ
ϼһﶼǺӶˣò鶼һ£˿۹۱ǱǹģΪ˥֧˯һ㣬ûעΧһЩʲô
ʵϼһﶼЦѡ
һɵȱ
Ҳ˵Ҷ˾ٹǷǣƾҶ֣㹻Ҷʲôˣϳʵ۱£ǾԲҶôġ
ɵȱ̫Ѹ٣֪ԲģʯͷӲġ
Ҷ죬ֻͽ޹ֻԼѿѡ
һ㣬Ҷ챾뿪ֻһֱûҵʵĻᣬʱ˿ʷ굯᲻ҶΪԸľֲأǵĻȴһʯ񣬸ֻǷͷʹľβܳõȴڲϧһд۵ҪҶߣԶ֧޲ɼ
ϼһص˴˻ԣԷеϢȻЩֻζֻ˲䣬ȴ־ΡȻһŵĿˡ
ʵ۱еսֿϹŵô󳼣һʱһĳŭжȻ
ҶԼԼӣΪرʮꡣ
Ȼʮ֮ǣȴѾûˣһɱˡҪ˵ʮ꣬꣬ǧ걱Ҳеˡ
֮ڵҶѾԼԼ
Լʱߣ
Щ˵νͿߣгֵɡ
Щȴڵ
֪ߵ
̾ɱ
ʵ۱һԵ̾Ϣ۾˼ڣԭΣңΣ½ܹǣܹƳɹһǿ󣬻ǻᷴɣЩԭˣԶ޷ѱġʲô̻ЩǶõġ
Ȼ溢ͯô಻ʮ£µĲԭǲֻٶȳֻ֡᲻ϵĽЩҲǶõģ
ȴҪһҶ졣ʵﲢΪɱЩԭˣһֱТιͬǷҶȥ۹ҲЧ֮Щˡ˵ĵλͻܵس
֪ԭǵǶԵģȷģȴԾҪվڵµƸߵ㣬Ҷ죡ʵΪ⵹Ҷ죬Ϊҽߡ
ĳʵ۵򡣡
ǵĿȡλĿ꣬Ҷ죻ʵۡ
Ҷֻһͷ
ǣ֪Ҷʵôһѳ缫޷ǿߣĹ򷶳ƣı㣬޲ɼǾ仰̾ɱ
ȻһɣҲܴĻұ̾˿۾ѹѹһƬ󳼣ֻһ
ԵҶЦҩʵ۳ػͼһ״ε̾Ϣ
Щ˵ж٣
ûЩĳľĶ佫佫٣١
ΣԵУܹӵлȨľ󽫣¶ѾǰߣʣЩˣ޷Ӵĳ忹⣬˵仰
ȻҪʿңȻЩĳȴҲǸУ
ĳ佫˴˶ȴ໥棬ֻڳϣĳѹ佫ĸ֣
࣬Դкοʵ۱ƣʵ


656 ޼
Ǳ߱Ŀţ²ؼ߸߹ҼȲ£ӲҶ죬ҲӴĳ壬һãȫ֮ߡ
Ȼʱȴ˻ʵ۱µʻ
һ
ôģôҵϷͷˣϷǲͳһű޻Ҫôô
䣬ͬʵ۱µĿ⣬ʱ˿̣ˢˢļϡ
ɫһѿ֮
ʵˣǾͿ϶˵һһĺϡ࣬ͬǣԼҪվǱߣ
Լվڻʵ۱ºҶһߣô͵ͬǼʱվĹٵĶ档֮ԼվĹٵһߣôζԼ˻ʵ۱µĺ
ϷǺã
Ѱ
Ͼ࣬Ĺ֮ףһת˵Ҷ󽫾һ۹˱һսܵУνǸ湦ϳΪ͡ңӦͣصʹͶΪ
Ĺǵľ۽ĿʱǲƵĶ࣬޲ýͷһڿˡ
ϻ׻㲻ǶˣĹ֮װʱĳ̨
ʵ۱΢Цţ
༱æ˵ȥһս¾򡭡ίʵɱأͣ˾٣Ҳ÷ңططԾߡ
ʵ۱²סˡ
ĹҲס
ʲô˼
˵͵㣬˵طҲ㣡
㵽Ҫ
㵽վǱ߰߶£һô
ʵ۱Σյ˼ֵΣǸͻǸ÷أ
һʵӹϳﻹ˼ֻǣҶ󽫾һ湦߸һȴҲǴã涼ǲĨɱʵӦδáҪʥã
ʵ۱µϼ鴤һ¡
˵˵ʵʲôû˵
ԲƵһƤ˻
øĺϡֶΣ߶£ȫм䣬ҡ˵ã
Ӣ䣬ǹˣǰ޹ˣߡνǧһۣһƨҪǮһĿͶϣ˵Ҷ󽫾¹۶ϣҲΨɱǬٶϣȷľϣȣֻžͺˡ
Ⱥһⷬʱλة֮
ɶΪ֮
˼Žأ
Ž
ѵľ棬߻ˣ˭Լժøɸɾ
ѧʰ
Ժɵѧŵ㡣
ʵ۱µǳ鴤˰죬޺޵ĵࡣ
͵͵Ĵͷ̧ͷ˲ٸʵ۱¶ˡ
飡˳
ʵ۱·ȥ
вһ
ºΣʵ۱˼죬ҲϳҲż
Ҫϳġ
ţ˵Ǿ͵ǬٶϺˡ
ǲҵ⣬ʱҲٲǡ
һϣصУڶ޼˵޼ɣ㲻Ҫôڣһǧѷĺûᣬ֮
޼Ŀһ
˵µȥ֮޼ɳ˼β˵үү˵ҸΣ
Σʵ
롭޼ԥһ¡
˵޷
£̫ƽɣ棬ֵɣȥԴգһϣҲ޷Ҳ硣޼þĻ˵
ǰһ׺Ӷһããã
˵ãοվңкӣ
ա
ʵ۱ϳˡ
ʵ۱¼ʱȺƹҪȴֶһɳ޿κΣϾ϶ԣЩĳ˵Ĵ֮䣬Ƕʥ֮ԣݱ粵һ֮ⷽҲ˱ᡣ
޿κ֮£྾ѯʡ
ȻĹ֮⣬ǻʵ۱ĳ֮ͣ
һ࣬Ҷ󽫾׸͸÷ϳԾ񣬲ҹؼң޼˵֮ȴдһ࣬ϳʱ£ԤС³ۣǧǣһá
˵ţȡһûŷ⣬߾˫ֵϡ
ʵ۱ü
̽ӹȥתʸʵ۱£ʵ۱ºЩζĿ⿴һۣ漴ܷ⡣
ֻһۣĿһ
ٽݿ꣬۾һ£࣬޼飿
ǡ
֪ݣʵ۱µ
޼ɵʱȷʵϷ飬Ϸ򲻸Ҿӹ๪˵ͲףϳΪ
š֪ˡʵ۱µͷ˵ּ
ִʴվ̽ķı׼ˡ


657 ɲ
ֻʵ۱΢΢۾ͣͣ˴αʴҶ˧龩ۡ
漴ּ޼ٲŸߣ빬ǰߣʵְ
ʵ۱ô˵˵Ƕһ
ʥּݣȻǻҪⲹģЩͲǻʵ۱²ĵˡ
Щگĳɲٷ
¾ʹ۶˳
Ӣ
Ҳһ죬ʮ޼ɣʽ̨ȻһӦʵʹְûУֻ԰ݣǰߣڰ
⣬ȴ޼Ҫһְλ
һҲǻʵ۱¹Ķ£Ҫͽ۲һ£ӡ
޼ڳʵ۹÷Ƹģɴ˿ʼ

תۼ䣬һµʱȥ
ɽϡ
ҶЦϥɽרĸɽڱϢ
ĿǰѾԪƷ
һĽֱӿáɡݡ
һµʱɲȫϢÿͻ֮󣬶ҶЦιУĥȹ磬ԴˣҶЦνǺ顭
һ󴸣һпõʱ䣬ݺݵĶһδ͵ľ
ÿ͵Ķʹ򣬽ΪִɶǱصһʣʱڣȥ
ȻҶЦǣĿǰĽȲҪԤڸ죬ұûгΪ¾粻ȹ̵״ҶЦʣȻԼȹ̵ǰ磬ȷҲƵĽҲĵӦ֣ȫûоʧ״֡
˼Ҷүֻܽ״鹦ڱ츳صĿ֮⣬òҲҲˣ
ǰγƿܹͻƵĻ
ԪƷˣ
ĿǰĽۣʱ䣬»üҶЦ˵
Ȼһ̣ҶЦĿͻȻתǵķƲ֮¶ɲɫ

֮Уʮм֮ˣѾִﾩʮˡ
Ҳ֪Ǹᵽȥˣ
鱦һֵᶼˡΪ֮ˣôҪȻҲûг֣Ҫһ
ǺãȻջ˼ŵ񵤣ջ񣬵ǴҪĿģȴ
˵᲻оǵĵֱӶ
ܣ
˵ô£

ҪȻͰ֮ǰ˵ģֱץסʷ֮䣬Ͳ˵
ã϶ݾߣ˵ˣǲںġ
ǹŹ֣иָ߲ʾǷ֮ϸ̫ĻҪǣڣǵĿ꾡ܵķڷ֮ϣ
һݾߣΣգӴֵĻôԺֻ鷳ǱϾܳĶ档
ǽ£ɱ˷֮裬ٶ鱦չҲ١
˵
˵ƣߡһԪεϣȻҪ½硭ǡ
ƣֻҪնɱʲôǻɽǣҲ˵˶ԷԪ磬ɱ֮ͶĹܵʱ䣡
ʱ䣿⼸͹Ǻˣֻ֪Ҫһʱ䣬ͻԪˣƫƫʱִ񣬰ľȫˣһӺ󣬲֪ʲôʱǸľˡ
˭˵ǣҲֻһţȴ˹
֪ɣҵʱѾԪ컯֮ˡ֮ʲôǸ˲ǳļһ
ˣѾˣɧʲô壬Ͻһֻϻȥ

ҶٻЩҵô
ڵʮ֮Ⱥĺľ
ô飬ûаѵܷݵأݵأҲܲǵʶ׷ɣ
ڿ϶ûУ᲻סڳ⣿
Ҳǣȥң͵ɢˡ
ţ˵Ǯʱ䣬콵ɽεΪۣûȥ˵ʲôԵҪеĻĲС
ţǾȥҲá

ҶЦ˼ɽͷۿǷֱֱԼ߱ƽļǿƣʱЩᣡ
ȹؼʱ̣ôôĸ֣
⡭ôһ£
ѵ¶ˣ
ԴˣҶЦ֮
˵ʵڲӦܹ
Ѿ鱦Ὣȫˣôᱻ׷ٵ
ԼţǱַģɣԼҶӵʱǲܱ¶ġ
ҶЦȻ֪һЩɺϡ
ΪѰҷȻȻȡ鱦ȴӰӶûΪ񱳾Ҳ´ݾߣûֱӶ鱦֣һֱڣκͷûС
ѰҳɢĵʱȴǾôɵġ
˾Ѱŵķ


658 
ҶЦ֪϶͸ıԼò
ΪҶүȻӢҲ˵ķۣ
ƫƫ֪
Ϊڵòȫġ
һоţȴǴպϵôʵܣ
˷ԽԽ
ҶЦȴ˿
ЩʵȻʵǿȴȻûʲôԣһɺӣûκεɱɷ
Լôûɱ
ģֱֻӾǹ·
ˣӦ䣬Ҳͺˡ
ⲻò˵ʹȻЩϵһ⣬ҶЦҲ˲оھͱ·Ҳü
ЩȴƫƫǺܴܵɽˮġ
Ȼʱ򣬾ҶЦҪӭȥһ̡
һ޵ͻϢͻȻɽ֮л˳
ԽԽŨң
ʱͻˣ
ѵɲһ˵
ͻͻϢ뵶˲ɢ
߼۶ʮһмң
ϢǸУɲǼоһ¡
ףɽϾȻͻƣǸϵˡ
Ȼֻ֮ͻƣͻϢĵȴ󣬿ĹΪȵͼλԣֻѾǴ˵Ĺˡ
Ȼ⹦¶ϢۣҪڱλķ֮ϣǹȥƣ
˳·кβɣԷܵұһʵ֮ҡ
˵˵ЦЦ߼
֧ģǳŵλ֡ĸ˶Ԫ۷ΪŶԣϲĴڣ˿̣Щǰȴֻǳ䵱֮ãţƽﻹСʹá
Ĵй䣬ĸѾٽᡣ
˵ãЩǰɱ֮
ҲǡҲҪҰɣ
ÿ֪鱦һط鱦ûз֮裬ûôֻҪϵĴϰ£֮ôҲǻģƫƫ˵ʲôˣ̫ǿӲֻĿڷ֮ϣ鱦ûоȥɽˮȥȾˣ⡭ǰµӰ
һ˵ѽǵҵĴ¡ˡ
ʵһǲֺȫ޽ƿԡ
ƫƫԼĸɶҲ˵
ֻܸţǮȻĵطȥ
ϸԺȻҲҪҵȸʣĴͣҿˡһλԪ۷¾һ
޻˵ˡ
ҵȶǱУ궼δ˹ĵطǾȻִ˲ƣ
Ȼһһգһһ죡
ѺüŪɶˣ治֪ľ
ˣλˣȻĳȥɽˮ
жǺݺݵһ̾
ʦŲҰ
һ˽Ұִģ
ֲ˼Ŀ

̾ϢһĵȻβʣȴҲֻܼæȥ
ȴ֪ЩʦǰҲͶǶԡ˵ں½λǰǵΪȻ˵ǲʲôģȴҲ㲻ʲôֻ֣ѰӶѡ
˴ܹ½ȻУȴҲЩ˾þµԱеȻ޴棬ȡ֮ԸԴǰδеĸǣβջᣬһǰ˵Ŀо
һʱղźˣϾһ񣬾͵üʱϻ»صѰӵС
ڲֱӳֶԸ鱦ɸǵΪ½Ȼ֪鱦ϰԪֹŽΪڵı֮ˣȻأȴЩ֪ġ
ָ㣬Ǹ֮ɱҲɱˣ鱦Ǹ򶯲ãǿǱʮھŵ罣Žں½Ĵˣ֮鱦ǹŽĲҵ鱦ɣ
ŽԭԪƷ֮ĿǰٴαչأһչᣬƱɱˣĵ꣬ҪĹ֮ˣǲϡ£
ڵĸ߲м˲֪ŽϺͰףб̶ļһ
ζԸ֮ҲͰˣ鱦ǲܶġ
֮˸оͻϢʱȻֻɽɽţʮȻյɽֱԾ𣬷жȥ
ԶԶľͿɽһ˸ֶ̬¡
ӵĿĿԼһߵһ˵ȡ
ɽֶ£ȻȻγһԨs֮ƣһڸԼ
βĸһۿˣʱһĪϲ
Լ۾Լͬ۾
ѵ¾Ȼôɵ飿
ˡ񲻾鱦λ
̤Ьٴȫѹ
һĶеɽˮȻһţ
ǰ棬ʦŵİλǰѾ̤ɽۣվڷ棻ȻѺõĴ˸к¶ɽۣɽӣ˵ĺˡ


659 ж
ҶЦһ˸ˣʱоһͻ
ǰ˸˵ĻһʶԷϤƣǿԼǡϤװ
һеһУôôϤأֱϤòϤˣ
ǰ֣гʹ޵ĵˣ
˸˵η㣬ĸ˵·ǰһ̫ɢ޾ĹȡĸˣǰȴҹһƬǹ㣬޾Ѥá
ںǳŵ˵Ӱ
ôͻȻ
ԷڣȴȫȻе⣬ҶЦͷ˼ǧһʱѽ⣬ȴԵЦ£һʱ𣬳ˣѡλѣ˼䣬ݺȥεȿ⡣
ԾЦֻǰȻΪԼ䣬Ѿھķ룬һϢɣҲ˸оʵף̲סύ˼
¶֪ɿϼô
λǴһ֮ΪߵҲǸΪ֮ˣֻһԪƷ磬˵˵ã
ǰһˣвͻȻӿһߵֹͬ뷨ˣܹ֮շˣΪԼֱϵ½ԺԴ
ʵơÿһɶѽ
һòӣȴƬ½Ⱦ׸£ҲһڴˣôҲʤ鱦ɣ
һƣһ˫ӾڴĹҶЦ
ҶЦ״һ㶣ʲôëʸôôȻڴˣšѵ˵ʵǡҵģԷǿʵǾˣǿĻԼ治öԸ
ҶЦһʱ˼⾹ҪӦϽ϶˵ʱȴһĸһ˷ܵĳ
ĸ˿ԼӣǷ˾޴󱦲صı飬ҶЦȻһɸӲĸо
ѵ˾Ȼ嶼ǻ
һڣȴҶЦ뷨𡪡
벻Ȼ°һᣡ˺ٺһЦЩ˼ǳǶ˹ȴʼҲ㣻벻ȻסĻУԶֻŻ˵ĺã̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡
һԹ״ҶЦɵѪծգʱҪһˣ
ҶЦͫһҵ˭ԭһǱӵ©֮㡭˵ˣȻǵΧԼĶʮ˸֮
ֻҶЦͻΧͽͻΧһ̣ų϶һۣû
ֱ˿һ˵еЩӡ
һԻȵİ˸˶ʱѵ˵ˣȻԼ˿Ѱķ֮裿
ѰѰãƫƫĵˣ
¾Ȼôɵ飿
Ȼ治а
Ƿ֮裿鱦üͷһ壬
ȻǷ֮裬Ͷ޿ΪԼãһΪԼõˣʵԽߣǱԽ󣬾Խڹ˽һ
ҶЦңΣ
ҶЦɫȻĵȴͻȻܵһϤվ֮
ѵҶЦȻҪ
յһסԼߣ
Ǳ򲻹Լܻӡ
ȻԷÿһ˶Ǹ֣ĸԪ֮ˣʵΪԼ֮ϣǰ˸˵ÿһΪԶԼ֮ϣҲгԽԪ޵ԪΣ
ˣҶЦǺаյģԼҪӣֻҪһۣԾһӵóȥ
ֻҪ˸˲ʼվۼһУԼĿǰ֮ʵֶν֮һɱ
Ȼȴֲӣ
Ϊ
ͻƣһ֪
Լߣ涯ԼܹҪôأֱǲ룡
ҶЦ̾˿ɲǼ¶˾ġ
Լܣ±޷̧ͷһħԴԡ˵Σܷ£
ΣվӼˣôţʲô˼
ȻԼһҲֻƴˡ
ȥһ޹أֻҪһڣҵŮˣҾػţ
ҶЦĿᶨ
ĿɲǼȫȻղŵѺúƣͷһᣡ鱦һȻ鴫ɷǷ
ҶЦһɫƽԸ˵ڣǳţ
ֳһ˿ȣȻʶһ͵ҵ
ȴһӣ߸ˡˢһڰһ콻
ˢˢˢ
Ѿǰ˺ʮɣռ˸λ
һɿǰɱ֮
˲ʱһҶЦΪĵİΧȦɣ
ںǳŵĸԪͬʱˡ
һ˾ʮɣԶսȦ
Ȼ֮֮ǰɵĸоǿ޴ӿǿ󣬶սΧǸϽ


660 
΢΢һЦԵҹĪ⣬ҵ¾˶Ѫ𣬻ȷ߲˲źãֻ˶֮ǰ໹Ϊһµ¼ֵļλֵܣ÷µ˾Ȫ֮£֪ԼǱ˭ɱģԩ
λºģӣΪԪƷΪ飬һѽʹϬ֮ҪģһСľ˺ۣˡ
һµվ棬ҶЦ΢Цһ벻ߴͽ̡
ҶЦ¼սĳԵ㡣
ǰλͬӣΪԪƷΪֵͬܣֺͨУ侪ˣǾ⣬²һ̡΢Цţһܹȥ
λҲڵӣһи죬һһǺǡλһ֣ԪһƷŶֻǵԼȴһ˵ϷǳŵӣΪҲԪһƷ
ǳΪ˾Ҳĸˣ˶ҵʦܣֱ顢򶫣Լһס
Цݿ˵ԣûʲô̫Ļ˴ڤ˸һ˽ġ
ҶЦһЦ˵Ҳ˵û̫ܳ£˵ܸڳλأ֪Ǳǰ˸ϤˣǶأ
أ˵쳾ҵҲѾˣǷı£ҵҲ÷ҵһֻ̣ǣΪôϣҹԴ󣬳˵ΣҵȰװһ
ҶЦ˿ֻоԪõӿһɱһӵȻսǰɭȻȻսѾע޷⣬ôǻڵʲôְɣ
֮ǰһºܺ棬Ҫʷ˿ɽУͻƵˣȴһλأ
ҶЦͫ˵޹أ㲻Ҫ֪
ЦЦҵֻºҪ֪ǣͻֻ֮Ƿںһ˰ɣ
ҶЦȻ
Ͼ˵ҹòΪҪͻƣԷŻǰΪڷĵλȻǷǳҪԣŻһֱػ
۾ҶЦ֮Ҳӣֻսףս
ͻȻͷЦϢҵȶԣȻеޣʤޣʡȴҵֽţ
ҶЦһɫԽԽ䣬ϻ˵ôˣ㶼۵Ļôѵ´˵Ӯң˵ңȻԵȴ˵˵ģ
ɫһ䣬˵ֻǷ̫ʵѵ
ߣλųԪƷͻȻڿһתֻǶޱҹĻ֮ϵȺͻȻ֡
Ŀǹ㣡
ĺһƮ紹֮ҲƣҶЦȻѹ
һ֣ҶЦܵԪԪֵĲ죬ǲ칲أ޿ͬն
ʱ˿̣Լܵѹʵһ㡣
ǹ֮УһӰӣһ֣ң漴Ȼɢǹ֮УҶЦͷ¡
ҶЦظоԷĿ꣬Լ͡
λǹԼ˵ġѵǾ仰ԵǸ򶫾ȫԼϴ˼
ȻѵԼˡ
ҶЦڱĲԪƷʱȻڲͻƣҶЦԼҲͻƣĿǰѾԪƷҽ֮ȶнˮ׼ֻҪҶЦԸ⣬֮ڣԪͻƣ½λļ޲֮ϡԪ
ǣԷӵеĻʵԪƷʵȣ㲻㲻ͬλ֮ľ޴죬ʵʵڵĲʮƷף
ӲƴǱذܣǱɣ
ҶЦۼɱϮҵˣĿһ֮ʣȻƽֺȻ¯
ں棬һڵԪ۷һУСĶ
˵ʱʱ죬ҶЦѾϵĳȥʮƣڿƮѸѼڶԷУȴҲͬƮƮÿһĳƣƵ;ԼӲƴǻԼܵʱܵķλ㾹˿ʱյ˿˫ʵʵ̫Զ⼸֮Լ
мڴˣһʱ䣬ȫȻܳ


661 սԪ
ۼԼ޹ԷסŭգһХͻȻԲܲ˵ķʽ͵ѹƴӲܶԷһƣҲҪǰɶļһ£
ҶЦʵΪֻ಻ԪƷԼʮλףȻԼһƣȻ죬ԼˣȴһأԼ֮࣬˫봦ڽ֫״̬Է޿ӹԼá
򶫺Ȼ£Ŵ¶֮ǹȴ֮ʢ
ҶЦ۾һУƽֱȡԷҪۼ֮ʣȴͻȻһϢһ֧ƷУ
ûˣ򶫾˹һڼ䲻ݷ֮͵һշȻȽܵľ֮£Ť黨һ㣬֮յضһöӰĶ룬¶ŭ֮ɫ
һ룬ֻһһ΢΢Ĳ࣬ǴĶĽ֣
ȻǿŤһ룬ԾɸоԼǰһı
Ȼһܸоɢ򶫴һһУȴǽԼǰĵطƤȫ
Ѫ֮УǿƤһӣһðһƬƤ⣬Ƭ̣Ѿǻһɺ̣
ɫȻһ漴ֵͷ鿴Լǰ˴ûвƤǴļʱгڲûʲôһ˺
ȻõǴƤ֮ȴԾ֮
˭뵽ֻǵһ̽ԵĽȻóôһĽ⻹Ӧ٣ˣǷӦһ㣬˾ҪƬӳȥĸһ˹ǻң
һıʣ˾ƤֱĿѣԣ
ʵ򶫲ļˣɫһ󷢰ס
λıʵߣҲͲԪ˾Ʒĸ߶ȣԼУ͵һֻһĴڣʵ΢
öֶΣȴʵʵڵûǧ򻯣Ƿʤ
֮ǰԵԭֻΪ֮ҲӦԪʵܹ벻Ԫ֣ԾԿܵղһĻίʵĿɾɲ£
˿ҵ罫һƿƵĽҩԼؿڣֽ˵ҩнⶾ鵤˼Ȼ֪û֣ȴҲСΪˣδȻ
ϾղǿƤĽ֡ʵǴĿˣֲ֮
ȻרĴԼ˿ڵʱԼǰӰһĿ˸֮ʣѾԼǰ
̧ͷȥȴҶЦٴ߻ƽǿǵصϮһƽһƱ޸ɽƴǲԼκδϢʱ䣡
߲ŸոȥĽҩȻֱӴˡ
֮ոҩľٶù
̫򶫳ŭܣȻһĳۻѼ
˫Ȼʵ
䣡
ҶЦӵķˣиǡۡһһѪľȻǶԷİٱֹԷΪȻаٱ࣬ʮеģ
ʮ࣬Ѿ˾Եʵ죡
˿ӲƴȻռȣȻԶʵʵʵ̫࣬ʱܵ𵴣
ԵȻֻǲִӦУȴֻǺһű㼴Ӱε׷һƣ
㲻ҴϢѵָһ飿
˿ֵļƣѾǡѵǳˡɱˡ
ôҲ뵽ȵͼλ棬ȻܳԵôĿ
򶫵ĺӰһǹѾȥҶЦϿգһƺȻ䣬ɱԣ
ôԸңҾôԸ㣡
ҶЦ¶һִֵɣܣͬȻһӭϡ
ֻƣٵĽӽ
Уһֻ
˫ʵΪԣԶԶͬնղһƱѾ֤
һθ򶫺Ȼ߶ƣ޻ٵʮɹȫԸֻҪƶʵˣҲ͵ڽˣ
λ鱦Ϊ⺮½˵ȻѾǳһĸ֣
˵޵С
ĸ˵ΪҲǲˮ׼
֮裬˸ȫӲƴֻһ֮
ֻλһĽٶȱǣĿ۽֮УҲƣȻһƴȫԸǿǿһ
ֻҡͷ
εþȫεȫԸҲûãǽһСеˮһʱѵܳ󺣣
һһˣֻһ֮֮еڶֽ
飡
˫ٶȺݺݵĶײһ
ȻһƴĽ˵Ԥϡ


662 귴
ֻһƴ֮࣬Ǹ֮費ûмʱûбˣûбˣ͵سǰһƾǸʤ֮ǰ
ȻһꡱĹŹ죬Լ򶫷һҽУȻ֮һֱӽ飬ȻϣС飬飬ȫ飡
һǳɣް㻺أ
һӲƴ֮󣬾Ϳ򶫲Һţһһ̱ȥ
ͬʱ֮идѪȪӿȻѾò
һֻԤĽȻ෴֮
Ľ˵۾ͬʱһģЩۿ֮⣡
⣬ôôһأ
˫ǿһĿȻǸΪ򶫣ֹԶ˼Ĳ֮࣬ǰһѾǿôڴһ֮£ķ򶫣
ûе
ʵ¹Ȼ治УеѭҶЦȻһʤʤĵǸ
ҶЦһĳʱȡ˳У˹ȥԡӦ򶫼ƽ֮ǿͺ䵰֣ʲôԪƷǿ߹ŽҲͼ¾ǿԼǿܲܣ
ֱѻʯֱʯѡǸ˼׹
ǿ֮󣬳Ž⻹˸ֽĳʵƴ֮䣬˿δܲһˮɾ䣬˿һɵһλԪƷ֣
޻٣
ĨһѪҶЦԪ֣ˣ˭
ȻһעҶЦΪɱûôߣղţһ㱼俴жʲô취
ͻȻһȣó
Ŀ⣬˲ʱҶЦһȻǹ⣬ͻȻ֣ٿһ£ѽҶЦȫס
һ±ҸҶЦȻӦ͸оԼȫѾ޷
һƻǿҶЦѸһȦȴûκη֣۾ͶҶЦĽָһƮһƻ޵ǹ⣬ǹѸγһѵҶЦֿ
ǹ֮У
ʱ˶Ӧ˹
ıΪߣȴһ֮䷴ɱΪԶ֮򶫣Ȼĳ챦һȻԽɱˣָǿ
Ȼ˸һ뵽Ķ׸ԣȶ֣˵Ȳһʧ֮
ǰ򶫵ıɱȻûһ˽֮ϣ
е˼ֻһˣѵõıҪ˶Ǽһˣôģôûһء
ϧ
֮˵ıԼ̬ǿʳϧֻǿһУκһԱǿ£Ź
һ̣Ѿ˿ʼж񶾴㣬ڹ;֪ĸɵ⡣
ǹ֮һȴִλɫն
ҶЦڶԷǿ֮£ȷʵһܶģȴǿԻġ
һ֮ʣʱһȻ֣
顱һǵ֮ľٶӭ˶նǵǹ֮
ڶȫȻŵĿ֮Уǹ֮Ӧɢ漴ƺһ͵ĳһԲѪģʮأȲסΣɴһƨڵϣһòҰһƬ
һ˲֮䣬ȻѾˣ
ҶЦȫޱ仯ֻ϶һСĻƽɫС
СһҲֻаƴС䣬ȥɰ
ʱ˿̣СԷƵĹʣҶЦвͣת
ȻһȫȻ޹˵ʼٸߣС
ǵʲô˹ҲҪ˲ʱش
˶ǺȻ󾪣
Ҫ֪һʵǿȴҲǰһܲĺ
ҿǶһ֣˳֣ƣǼʵδԪ˳أֻѾ˰ɣ
ҶЦ˿̵״òҲܲõĻŵĳǣֻѾ֮ززˣ
һıʵشȻҶЦȴҲȫ޴۵ģ˿̵ҶЦ״ҲܲãڶһƨڵصͬʱҶЦǱҲһſڣһѪ۾ѾЩģĸоˡ
ǶΪֲͬնһʵҪ߳ԪԪһƷ׵Ĳ죬ͬСɣҶЦ֮ǰΪȽϸ⣬ʮеģ
֮ԻشҶЦȻʼٸߣһеȴǽ
ڰ׹ӡУ㲻ʲôҲһԳɫķѣ֮ˣȴǸ߲ʵϼҶЦʶ߶ǵһٴݻ˶ǵһش˶


663 
һ̵ģûҶЦɶͣȫǽɣҶЦҲ˵ԭȴΪΪʵѾ˶ǵ˳ɵܣ²ɵķԾҶЦѩϼ˪˼Ӿ硣
ףҶЦڵΪ̫ˣϵĿƽڵ˽·չԶ޷ȫ֮Էʵʵ̫ǿֻһɵྡྷԴԼ
ȻڽеӦֶΣȴҲֻʣ˽
˾
Ƿ֮ĵôԵֻǣ֮״òҲò̫࣬Ӧ֣ҲҪ൱۵İɣ
˵Ĳ²ȻԶһ¶ˣǾǷ֮Ŀǰ״̬ܺãӦ˵ܲã
ҶЦһŬԼٶվԪӽƷĸ֣ȫһķನֻһɵӣڵҶЦ˵˺̶ԶԶһλԪ۷ֺݺݵȫһƣ
Ծվñֱ˿ʾ
أҶЦתҶЦǲʳѪȴǱ޵ֲ
߸˵ĽӴҶЦ˼ʵ񣬾һ⣬޲ʶظеһëȻ˫۾͸¶ɱȻǴû뵽Ũң
ӵɱ֮ˣɱʳѰ
ֻ漴һϲɱǿʵ̫ٵǰ
оǡǸС
޲¶ŨṴ֮̃ɫ
һԪУȻܹشԪֵ챦
Ҫǵҵӵ֮
ͬʱƽΧȦһС
ҲǿԼվһ߹ȻȻشԾɶԽģϣͼһҡ
ͬʱ𣬶ٶȣҶЦһ̣ͬıȻѾˣôܱ֣
ҲǿΪһ
߹ǿһȫȴиų⣬ɽһҶЦѹ
ҶЦһת˲ʱа˵Ľʹ÷ԼҲǿЦһ㣬а˵Ǹڡ
ҶЦһ֣ȵ֣
ССĽȻգͻȻ漴һڴһ㣬ĺȻ
ۣ
߸˳嵽ǰһ̣ȻҶЦ棡
߸⧲֮£Щһͷײȥ
ߣȻû˹ǣءһʧ
ƾǰЩˣԹƽķ
ԷҶЦϽԼ˼ŵ񵤣ٵĴϢš
ˣ
߸ˣѾʼ˶ԽĴ
顭
ĺȫ޼ϵػڽϣԿȻ
ЩԺƽһɽССĽϣȻͬţ뺣ȫȻûаЧ
ҲſסҪ֮𣬻ɱλǣղſֻǴ˼ƺȴضһ𣬾һʹöͬ
ôûС
չܵ߸˵þƽезǵƴҲδݾϧսȫȻ޼¡
Ȼ˿Ŀ⣬ȣ
ܹȿ񱩵Ĵȫ޶ԣôķָǺεȵǿ
ͬʱЩƣľҵ߲ӵУôһ΢ĩ棿
ı
һ͹߸˶۵ȴһҲûУŲòģһס֣ΣеĲ봹ѸŨ˼֡
ûã򲻶
⵽ʲô
ʵ̫ǿˡ
ʹ򲻶ô죿
쵰ܲһӴɣܵóʱҪȻҲܶ
뷨ǲҪˣ˼пռ䣬֪װŶʳ˵ˣûʳǵмƿɣҪ֪һλʦֻĵ񵤣Ҳ㹻֧û⣬Ҳü꣬һأǰô
˵ô죿
֪ô죬Ҫ֪ô첻Ͷˣϻ
㲻֪ô죬㻹Ҫôķϻ
˼ҧгݣһ˾ǰȴ޿κΣһҪĿָ
һǿ˹ıͷǰȴò
Ǻεȵı߰
죬ǵǹ룬ˮ֡棬𶯶ûã˵ǵľನôǺã
üͷһľڤ˼룬ɷ˼
ţˡɫ԰ףղţɽ֮вͻƵϢô϶ĳλΪ˸ڴ˵ôˣŶԷ֮趨ȻǳҪ
ôһ˵˶ʱ۾һֻҪץȫҪЮҲôһ


664 һ
ô죬ȥˣɽץһͲţλľôǹ룬ʯĳ
ֵܴӦһʹתȥ
ֵܣΪԪƷһֺϹʱѷɫѰԪǿߣ˳ȷʵõѡ

ڣʱشҶЦ
漴ù˵Ľ͵鱦֮ٶȳǰѵĵǰˣǵĿңǻû˶ᣬĪҪȥұ鷳ֻҿǣν󳬼Ÿ֣ˣ
ҶЦĿУѪأֱ
𿴽ߴɽ˿δԭȻΪܣһСҶЦṩҶЦȻ˵񵤣ָġ
ȫάֽķһƲΪĹһ˥
ʵϣЩٽһʱ䣬̼Ѿӽ;ƿݵҶЦҲ޷άϵĻױ¶֮ǰ
˴Ϊ֮Գõļȥת˱ϣҶЦȻ޷ӣ֪Լ״ߣȻ
һ̣Ѿһ
һľ
ҶЦһС
˵һУ
ѪΪ
ǷȻ޼Ծɼ˿µĺعơ￪ʼԲǧҪըһ㶫ûˡǳǣ
ǰЩˣԵһʣ£
⻹ΪѾѷǴʮ㣬ļȻը½ڻ£
ϾؽĲƷײߣʵȴǰأ
ؼʱ̣ұ˴˵עڶԷϣ˶ûиоıɽϣȻһɸɭŨ䣬ͻȻӵصױ˳
벻ͦģĺܺ棬ĵʲôˡȻܹ÷ΪҪˡĶҶЦ
׼ȷһӦ˵ǶҶЦеĽ
е̰֮ɫһҲΡ
ģҶЦҲǰײģΪѾǸʱˡ
ǶһȫҪҶЦЦţ˲ѾһУµķɫʡ
ãҪ𱦱죡һԶֹ̹Ľһ
Ԫ֣ʶ㣬˲Ȼһһơ
ǶȻҲͬһʱ׷׸շ
ͬʱߵȫҶЦʶ
һ֮ǰѾҶЦ˿̸Ӽʱ
߶˱ҪΪǼʶܹ֮ʶֻҪңĲɹ
䡭
ߵǿȻϮ
ٶɢƵĹâסɿֲȻԾдԼɵྡྷķ򣬻ҶЦ
ꡭ
ҶЦҧǿжסԾǿ֮ƾನȴǲͷ­͵һ
ȣ߹ǣץŽֱۣͬʱѡ
ȻͻأġۡһȻ£漴͵ʧ
ȴʧȥҶЦ֧֮Զط档
ҶЦӣʱֱֱ˹ȥ۾Ծţա
˴ʵʵ̫࣬Զô
ԼеһѾ䱬ըˣȴԾû
Ա˲䣬ҶЦõһʵϢƺһУЩţЩԸҶЦ⣺ֻҪԼȷһ£ܹʱ߶ը
ȻͲһȷϣ⵽˶Էͻʶ״ҶЦͷһ˲䣬ôһ¡
Ȼһ֮󣬾ʹ˳жϵ
»ع塣
ҪٶٻըҪһЩʱġ
ڣԼѾûʱˣһʱ䶼ûС
󶨣߶ûˡ
ν;ƿݣҲͲ˰ɣ
ʵҪԷͬھģ
ôҶЦӻ£ʶʶ𽥵˻״̬¶һ˿Ц૵ô졭ģĲİ
ǰֳһӡ
ǰ³ľӦƺͻȻ֣ź޺޵ԼҶЦˣ˵ĻҵأһٵĲŵҺ㣡
ӳ֣ĿԼӣҪҰ˵ҪһϽġ
һСѾͷҹ£ο˵ۣ⻵ˣӦйҪҵģػܲ


665 ֣
ƺкܶܶףڲϵţҶЦѾ״̬૵ԲסΪġ
飡
ҶЦʵʵĵڵϡ
ߵġ
ҶЦ֪ԼߵģǴ˿ȴߣ
Ϊ棡
Լһߣˡ
Ҳߡˣʲô֪ˣȴ֪ԸԸ֪
һ˵ռģ
ˣЦһǰһѰŵϣȴʲôûз֣Сأزˣѵ϶Ϊһϼ챦
˵ţгһѽҲҪҽ쵰е÷飬ͲҲǸ
һ£ҪҶЦʬε뷨Ȼң
ȻΣͷͻȻһɼϢɽзıӿ
ɲǼ䣬֮䣬Ȼޱ֮У
˶ǸоԼƺǶˡ
߾ųͣڿУȻһҲܶҲ䲻ȥͺǱ˰С
ֳһɼȵĿ־塣
ʲôˣ
ǿ󡭡
ɿǰĸоƺ֮УҲǰδİ
һХͻȻһԽһּµĸȻХһҶЦҪʬΣ
֮˲ɽҡҡ׹
һ֮˹ô߱˵ʵָøߵʲôز
ۣ
һ֮࣬ɽ֮ͻȻһ𶯣š䡱һɽԴɽɽȻһԲԲĶڣ
ԭеʯ飬һϤ˷۳ԶԶƮ˳ȥ
һӰֻһѾɽ֮ϡ
漴ƺ۲һ⻷һɫӰѾ˶ǰ
һŮˣ
һ޷˵޷ľɫŮӡ
һϮѩƮƮ񻣬ͬ칬ŮƮȻ١
ֻǣ˿̣λŮϼŵģɱ
ͬ˼һɱ
ɱΧ֮£Ȼ˵ΪҲҪ˾Ҳţ̧ͷһۣŮ˳ʲôӡ
Ȼ˸ӦŮǿĿ£ǿһ㿹ضûУ
Ů˵ĽŲ˶ȴ͵ͣסˡ
͵͵ۿȥ
ֻŮԱԼƺڿѾԲѵķ֮ңȻһ΢ɲĲˡ
ǱŶһȻܸоŮӵֶݵãȻּµìܡ
ˣŮЩžڵϵķ֮ĵ˵һ
ѻȸ˸һ
Ů΢΢һֻһ֣˵ϵҶЦؿڣһ£һк漴ɫһڣҧгݵ˵ôף
ҪҲҪҵ
һĪĲȻ֣ƬռɢŮӣȻΪϵķˣ
߸Եĸо
Ů˵仰һɫζ
ҸղǹԼãìƺӵˡ
һֱԼˣȫûת
Ȼд
ңȻôԼΧ֮£޹˼ɵΪˣ
ʵǿᣬôҲδ̫Ŀˣ޼ɵ˰ɣ
׹һ͵͵شһơ
Ŀ˸΢΢ͷʾס
Ů˵ʵǿԼ˶϶ϲǶ֡
֪أڴЩʧ״̬֮С˵ĺǶλ֮ǣ˷ѽȴǡλˣң
˳ϣʱǿΪˣ
ǰѶľֱ
Լ˵Ļᣬֻһ̶ѣ
ȫ޷ʧãȻΪһ˵ʱ򡭡
үھԼˣһУ÷֮ҪĪ⣬ĪʵǿóŮҲһҪ
ɣ
гâ䣬ݺݵŮȥ
ͬʱ˻򵶻򽣣ȫΪͬʱչƽǿ͵һ
λ֣һ֣͵ϮλԻ겻Ůӡ
ŮӵڵϷؿλãޱӿƳԳԼݺݿ߱ȫȻǣ޶ãȫӵֵ
ۼ֣ϲ
ˢ
߱ͺ޻ٵͬʱõŮϣ
ȻȴǶŮ֮ͬһʬΣǡ
ۡ
ۡ
߸ͬʱڱѣ御ɳȥҽһ֮Ѫ磡
ŮûвȡκεԪ𣬾ֻǵȻתȻס߱Ŀˣܽ߸һˣ
ڣΪ֮˵Ĺ˿ûжϵļһ֮ǰһƳ˿δң
߸ŨŨĿ־壡
ǺεȵΪ
ΪҲǼδδŵģ


666 
Ůͣ˵Ķֱת
һŷ绪ۼ޷ݵľɫӣٶȳǰȴɫӣƺǧλŮӵϽ֡
ԼҲǲѡ
ڿǰЩ˵ͬʱϣȴʱӯһƬɱ
Ůӵʵ
漴˻شԼͷţǿȥˣ
ƺôһ˲䣬Ѿ϶˵Уȷ˵̡
ͻȻɭɱһֻһ̧ĶŶһգȵ
ողűɳʮ֮Ķ壬Ȼһץ֮£ɼշǾֽȴȫ޷
ԼӵһԾҲԾôԶľ룻ȴŮһ֮£ԼֵƼһ˹
һ֮жôǿ
һƬ
ǳźڵˡŮüͷ壬漴һ˳ȥ
ۣ
˭ô󵨵ģ
һŭ⡣
ܣûüκηӦѾһƱĵϡ
漴ָŵ鷢ˡ
ԴȻŮһ뿪˲շ˳ȥܡɡײһ˵Դ˵Դײ÷顭
⻹ԶԶǽΪԴȥδȥײһ˵Դ
žžž
һ⣬ͽԪӽƷΪĶԴֱĵҾôһһײ˵ԴϵĽ߸˵Դȫײ飬ԶԶķɳȥ
Զĸһֱڹս˿ѾŵĵѵԪ۷֣ƴӣ
ʵֲ̫ˣ
ǸŮӣֱǶħ
ƴ֮ʣ죬ǶԴ֮ٶѾ׷ĸŲмܻվ޿ɱıײԴ飡
ʮ֮ĶԴǹԲҲһ˲֮Ϊ촷ۣ
ʮһλ֣ô˼ȫ
ʼգŮӾֻһѣ
˿̵ҶЦԾǻԲѣʡ¡
ŮȻѾΪˣȴûʱ
ҵ£Ҳǵ컯
ֱȷеѾøɸɾˣŮתͷԼĿ۽µϡ
Ͼìܸӡ
һɱȻȴʧƬ̺ȴ·𡭡
ɱɫǣŮҧݺݿҶЦк˸ɱ硣
漴һҶЦؿڣŭѿ
ۡһ
ҶЦԭάŷ֮òһ֮£˲ʱָҶЦģ
һ֮Ȼܹȫڻ״̬ȫûʶ˽ԭαװıΣĸλҲ˲ʱλˮɣ
ԲѵҶЦԱĿڵϡ
ݵӣԵЩҰס
ؿڻԵúƽȡȴû
ŮӵĿ⣬Ȼͣϣɫͣر任š
ޣŭ㯡
һ˿˸ġ⡣
ӡŮӿʶ˵
漴쳤Хˣ
ܻĿ
һХǾ춯أ
Уǰƶ䣬ȴһХ֮һƣȻ޴棡
ȻԱɽɽİŮӣȻǱ
ڻѾ˵Ǳ
˿̼ѾȫָıѾٶȱƹϯϣһŮħͷڶ֣

ոտʼսʱ򣬱ʶˣԼĹΣ
ڴ֮ǰļ䣬ѾԼֹΣǱԸ⣬ͿԻָݡ
Ȼڽ֮ǰʼսĿţǲԸ
ԴǱʶĵֿԸָ䡣
Ϊһָݣûڹߣ
ѡ񣬱ԸԼļ䡢ݡΪȫҪȻȫ޸۱ԸԸ⣬һҪֻʱķֱѣ
ʵϣܣ֮ǰ֪зӳˣԣޱʥΪȣһ۶֪룬ַɢǾЩ΢ɢɵģ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴΨָ
ΪΨָ˼䣬ָԼ޵еʵܽȹھ֮䡣
һָ˼֮ڵıҲˡ
᲻á
᲻ùӡ
ǣǲʧӾҪˡ
ùĪʧ

ļָˡ
ԭļָڱǲֵļ䣬һȫںϣϾеļ䣬Ĩɱ
˿̣ĿԼǰԲѵҶЦ֮УȫǸӣٸн
Լʶ֮УԾɴֽȻͬԸʶڱ˴˾ţƺڱ˴ںš
Уż磬żɱ죬ż

Ȼ֣зɫĺâҵף
һӿ䣬ݺȥ


667 ץ
һƽҶЦĶͷ˲䣬ȴסˡ
ǿҵľ磬ҶЦͷɢķ˿ҷ裬ֻ֣ôͣһҲˡ
ɱ
Ϊʲô
ǲɱ
һ뵽ԼҪɱǰˣͻȻһҵĪʹȻ
Īʹٶ̲ס쳤Х
Ҫҡ
ûи㣬Ҿ㣬ԼԼİ
ػӵλһ֣Ҳͬ׹һ㣬޷
ȫȴΪãԼôˣ
Լôףϡ
ԼҲ۷εȴƫƫôһͬһ
ޣβޡȴ˵׵ֶܹԷô
գʱòԼŵģȥɶġ
Ӳ˵ҶЦԼףĪ˵ԼɶҶЦŸʵɣ
ҶЦԼɶ֮ʱòҲǸ磬˵ʲôģ˵˭˭ģ
һ
ۿǰſݳ׵ӣղѪս
ߵģ
ˣԼͲôΪˣ
ȴһֱսһֱֻΪԼţϮ
Ψʶƶ˽˲һ˵Ҫȥ˺Լʱ򣬱ȻȻվ˳֪վһҪ
ȻΪͨ񣬱Ͼûг׽ӴղŷһУ֪ҶЦΪ˱֤İȫͬھѾˣһҲ˿;·ˣ
Ȼʵǿᣬܻû֮ܣҶЦԼֲ֪θأ
֮ҹܲţӹܲˣҪһǰᣬǣˣֻҪһţǾҵΣ
ҶЦ˵Ļ
Լ֤仰ȷԣҵŮˣһһֱάһֱ
ΪҵΣ
ҶЦԼҲ֪ﵽһʲôζ
ǰǻԼһ׵ԩңȴƺǻذԼİˣ˵˵飬
Ψһ㣬ֻоͷڵɱһһĽɢ
ѵҰô⡭ôһǼ¶ʱɱȣ
ǣΪʲô²ֵ֣֣ͷûˣ
תͷԶգоһƬ㯡
Ҹô죿
Ϊʲôƫƫ飿
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôƫƫǸʱʧȥ˼䣿
һԼڵԪɵһЦ˼ԼһΪǵ൱̶ȵľ¹⾰ô˹ԭҲ򵥣ԼѾãĹ٣Ѿȫʧˡ
ǰˣԼĹ٣ѲκλϣĹ٣ȫˡ
粻ءЦһ̾˿
ûл⣬ԼʱʧûΪѹƣһԼɣֻ˰ɣ
ˣȴҲʤڵѾľɡ
شͷ֪ԼʲôӲ֪Լʲô
˵ǸЦ
Լ׼˵ͼλ棬Եɺ֮£ȻһԶԶԼˣŮ
һܵú֣ܿ
ֵԼϯĳ̶ȣԷȥ˯ɶ
Ȼ󡭡ͱ˸˷
˷
컶ϲءϲõԼ˼ҵĴȥ˼ůȥúǶ͡
Ļϲĵţ˼ҵС檡
С檣
С檣
Ժһð֣һץ񡭡
ƹϯϣңڹʧ֮Ϊָһ󲽣Ѿһˣ
أؾȻҪ˵С檣
ĵ׻ҪϲĪоܳ
˵ȥûŵЦ
ָǺεû鰡
ֻоʧ޵ݣͷصıڳ۳ңòϢ
ǵ洫ȥԼҲͱ»ˣֱһͷײˡ
ɶҲˣ
С檡ۣϸ˵С檣ⲻǿЦɣ
ĸôͲܸ㵱Сأ
ޣªţѵеڶ˸ҽ֣
ۣ˵Ʈƹϣ
ذҸղ˵Ĳô
ҿ˭ۣǸôб£ȻܹΪС檣
Ҹϸܣ˿˲õ˵
ô˲ðѣ
֪ģ
ģ
½ģ֪
½һ治֪ªţªţ
㲻֪Ҳ֪ɣ
֪ۣѵ½컹ţƣĻ
Ҳ½֮µģһͼλ桭
Բۣ
ϵС檵˸˲ã
ô
ˣԪ߽Ϊһʹﵽˣɣ
ˣС檣
ʵ治У벻ǣʱԼϯǿɶġ
ҿǱС˵ǰɣҲ̫˰ɣ
££һϢʱ򣬲ûѪ
ҡҲҪѪˡ


668 ˣ
֪һ¶ȥľ棡ûκ⣡
룬ǱԼ϶ͷѩ֪ˣֻһʲôĳ棡
ιȻһ֪԰֪ܵ¼ɫ
㵱ջعɰʾ֮ʱ˿̣عɰأıأޣ
˵Լǿ˵ļôʵǰ㻹ұ粵ôǻƤ粵׵ĲҪˣҲҪд֣ķ֣
һĶԻһ뵽Լֻͷѩǰ̧ͷ绪Լͷо֣Ҫɱ
ԩҡ
ŵϵҶЦĳ̾
ͷǹĪɱ⣬֪ʱѾɢӰ١
һ̣ĿתתΧͷʬ塭
һɳɱٶȲɶƵ
ֻ࣬ɱĶҶЦȻҲͲҪƣ
˶ʲôţʲôɣ
ɱ磺ȻȻȻͰ͵ΪԼһɶɣɱӵ޷ˡ
ֱǸȡе
͵վƺϾҪƿնȥתʹˣɱ
ƺʲôͣסˡ
ٶתͷҶЦ
ڣìܵһֻ֣סҶЦʵ׳ǰأԪһ˽ȥ
ȵҶЦѾָ˾Ųʮʱ򣬰ָͷȴһӵҶЦͷϡ
ˣǲҪ㿴ˡ
ϸϸĿ˿ſεӣңҪˣҪˡ
߳ȴֻĿһᣬ·ԶҲĳˡ
˷Σ̲סͷҶЦ촽ϣһǡ
漴һһĴ˿ȷû˿˵һĻŷġ
ϸָʶĸתţԼָϵĽָ鿴棬λҶװȥЩҩ
λ䣬װȥҩʱһ棬ں
ӣҪˡ
ޣʲôţұͽͱɣ
ԺҲ˰ɣ

֮һӰ𣬱˺˲磬һţټ

ֹƬ̣ҶЦ
ո۾˲䣬;ЩԾţӦǺܲԾ̫Ծˡ
ңҸողôҲǿҪô
ôڡ
ҵ塭桢ǽ׳òõ״̬ҲͲ˰ɡ
ҶЦ˼תܵķ޾㯡
⾿ô¡ҲڱΧ
ԣ
Χ
أ
ҶЦĿĹˣſյɽͷһʱ䣬ͬһһ㡣
һ˶ûˣ
ô£
أ
Щ˿ɶλ޵еĴڣôһȫأ
ҶЦɽͷһƬƽȫޱʷһ㣬šƺȱʧһأ
ҶЦһϲһУڷ֣ڵϣһЩ۵ĵطԼԼĴѪһ޲ʾţһս֮ǽ塣
ȻսֻǱιˣ֮ضԣиʵǿ֮ˣѾһȫˣȴ֪˭ʵ
ҶЦüͷ壬ȻδȥͻȻɫ䣺ˣˣȻ˶ˣȴδؾܱȫ⡭
һˣһתһɽǸصɽ֮С
ɽ֮һвãԵöôȫ
󻹴ڣάŻ
ǸҲڣΨСˡ
أô᲻أҶЦһͷˣѵ°ˣ
ǡ԰Էܹ°߱ûɷŹȫ֪Լǣ
ҶЦϸһȦԾʲôûз֡
Ȼػصɽ㶵ڱϣǿԼһԴѹϸĿǣµḶ́ô¡
ȴε˼Ѱͷ
Ҫ˵Աʿʼͷβһֱڻ״̬һֱ۾ţҲֻоһƬ㯣Ͳ׵׷ʲô¡
ҶЦ˫ĿĴãĿȫ޽ǰȻ䣬ȫ۽
漴һȥɽǰ
棬ƺ֣
Ҽָˡˡ
һôּ֣Ե÷ǳңǱŤģ
ƬɽڣڵĶԶ׼İࣻȻֻдһ仰дòǸо⣬дд˻ǲ⣬д
ظ˲֪֮󣬲µôһûͷûβʼյĻ
ҼָˣˣҶЦãȻĿ仰һʱ飺ʲô˼ô£
Щȫˣܿȫ군ѵǱˣȫɱˣ
Ǳʵôͣôأ


669 һһУ
벻ͨ벻ͨ⵽ôһءҶЦͷʹǰΪòҲûκ飬ܹԼǽȫȫ벻ͨȫȫûзȫȫġһ㶼⣡
ôҪˣ
ҶЦʹͷָˣˡ˵ĺߵҲ㲻ǰҲܸ˵һҪߵȥˣָˣص㣬ص㵽׽ʲô֣Ҫȥҵأ

һ죡
½쾪ض췭ظ
ɽš
һƬƽ֮УͻȻһϵ˵ڵʩմӺ
Įƺֻһ仰ڵУж˵̡
İԵĲɡ
漴һƬƻۣƣȻ˲γһֻ޴ƣӿص£
ֻƣеΧ
ǴɽӣȻ£
ڣͬɽͬһʱ촷ۣ
һʱ֮
ͬһƬϲǳţҲǰͻȻɫ䡣һϵ˵ǳšҲûдڵıҪˡ
漴ͬһֻƣӿ£
ʼգǿˣơ
ţȻôɴģȫıĨ

½ϵÿһ˶Ǹ춯صı
۰½ɣǳţһ֮䱻
ڵĴɽҲıӡ
ֱ۵˵ǣڵɽڵأԭɽΣֱӱƽԭκһ鳬ͷСʯ鶼ˣ׵ı飬ȫ߽⣡
ǳŵɽλáȣƽԭζû¡ֱӾͱռ·Բǧĳ
ʤءºɴ˶
˲֪ºңܱľţǧ겻䣡
ǴﶬۼȻ֮⡣
볽ʵ۹ǳǳǸ޾岢ų಻֮澰
ºļ¶ȳ㣬ľ࣬һ׮澰˿ڡ
ÿҹʱ򣬺ͻֳһƬǹ⡭
յ嫲ӳɻԣƽѵһӾܡ
ǣǣˮǡ
ԣ˺ֱ˳֮ΪǺ
˵Ըơ
ǺڲԵ£һʮʮ١ȻȻͱʤء

ڡǳű𣬶ھ˶ԣȻ춯춯أȴҲδؾζݣϾƽռݾ
ȻЩġΪģȴһ¡
ǳŵɽţ
ǣȴڰ֮䣬ݻ٣
ôµ֣ͬһµ֣
νôκһ˵ʵҲв쵱ʢ֮ʱʵ
Ҳνİ벽ǳȻҲǺŵĵزܻڿķ֮ڣ
ֵֻһأô˵ʵֱӾ޷
׳½˵֪룡
ʣȴʯĳ֣š
ԭɽλãһܲ۵ССʯǳǱߣҲһͬ
ʯĺСʯµݣȫһ
Цޣ
˸֡
ʯϣȫͬİ˸֡
һ֮֮࣬ȻʯʯСλҲεúܣ˿ѰδطֵˣǵԴжϣ˵˸ڹأϣ˷֡
ϸϸ˼˵˵ͨΪΪ˷ֵǲκʯȻõΣ˿Ѱô˵Ҳûģǻ㡣
˶Դ˲ĳֵ²⣺λܣ᲻ʲôì֮⡭
²⣬ûжۣΪν²⣬Ҫʵ֤ڸûνʵʵֻк½ǿţһ֮䱻ͬһ˸ˣ
ʵǣܶڿ仰֮л²ۣѾģ㶼˼ˡɽûˣ˼ҾҪޡҲûˡ

вʵҶЦأԻһָұɽԲǧؽ磬ȴʼҲûҵεѰһֱҹ賿ʼպ
УҶЦ˪վڱɽ£ȻűɽǸڡ
ڣǱ仰֮⣬Ψһһ
˵ʲô˵ʱʵǿɽһǿƴͨɽɴ˳һٸɵеˣ
ЩʵʵƫҪ
Ҫǣˣ䲻
ص㣡
ֹãƶӰڲˡ
ҶЦ̾˿䵱ҹ磬һ淼٣ҹ죻Ը˺ҹҹͬȫƣһһУ
ҶЦ֣ԥһת۶ȥ
˿̣ƺѾȫȻˡ
ȻΨ˽ҶЦˣŻ֪£ֻǱҶЦѹĵס

ȴǣ
ҶЦӰѾʧá
УͻȻֳһ뵡
һӰȻ֣վҶЦովĵط˴Լͤͤ


670 㵽˭
һ˫ҶЦȥķ򣬾þȴһ̾ԿС
䵱ҹ磬һ淼١Щԣ񲻾һգѩս֮ʱ׹쳾ԭԷݱ⾹һ㣡
ҹ졭һ˿Σڱҧ촽ͽӣʲô˵
Ը˺ҹҹͬߣһоȻԹҡȻ˵һһ˼ߡҲŲᣡ
ȫƣһһСС쵰Ϊǳ֮ȴ˰ԵСҧ޺޵Ķ½ţҲߣѵ浱С檲ɣ
ȻҪһһУѵһӣС쵰ĻҲûбȥɶˣǲСȻȫơߡ˼ɽشˣҲҪҵң
ߡҵҪνȫƣģʵô
һҪȥ
ȴҲ֪أԭͣãʧһעҶЦµĽӡ̲סһֻ֣ḧ˫ӡ
ã
ˣ֪ǵڼθԼ¾ģڡ
ɫͻȻһƬͬһľӨɫУͬһƬͬ겻ıɽأɭȻبš
䡱һһźͻأȫȻסӰ
ɢɫӰȻתΪһϮ£ɴװ
һХĺɫٻӰ
һΣȴͷҲصĳ˸߿գڳƲһ̣Ľͣһ£漴ͻɫƣɭȻ˲ʱƬء
һ˫ǰ͡һһƬռĻһѷ졣
ӰԳ˽ȥ
ֻǣĻºϵһ˲վûס΢΢ͷĳһۡ
漴ӾʹʧĻ֮
ˣ
ٻӰԶȥΨξӨ飬֮¡

ҶЦصҶξЩ֣أûһǺõֻͣ㲻ϡ£
ҶЦЦЦʧȥǲָּˣ˵ǻȥˡҹʱȥʱ򣬾ͻȥպгصʱ򣬺αؼһʱ
ξһ´ȣҾ˵Ůӣͨ˼ܹóģ˵˵һҵĺӣ
ξһ²ĵİ԰ԡ
ҶЦһЦ壬ң¾ԾҪ㱣ܣΪ̫ˣ
˵մЦŽԼСԺ顱һͰŹˡ
ξ㶵ؿҶЦȥβŻعԴһС˵ȻܣôͰˣһļ񵽴˵ӣʲôף϶Ǹ˼ҵС㣬СӼ˱ˣߣ˵Ͳ˵ϡô
˵գˡ
ȴһֱǣԸļҪ̫ҶЦǧҪصĸް
ȴ֪˿ҶЦϣı۾
˿̵˼ȻһƬңȻΪˣľǲƽ
Убϵ㣬Ŀɲ죬ǣһȴѾ֪ȥ˺η
ҶЦһأģ̾˿
ˣܣģԼһ֪УûҪҲŵġ
Լһֱ֪ϲСѾͷֱŮһĶԴôԱٰգԸԱݣΪιУھ飬ΪԼݼڣδزİڣ
ҶЦϿ˺þúþãĵػָƽ
ֻǣԾû۾ô۾ã˼еûһÿһΣκһκһ˿
ʱǰΧԡյ˵ǱɱҵģȻѾԣأԷȻܷŹңҵڻš
Ҳ˵ļ䣬ǿʵǸʱɻָģȻ󡭡ˣЩ˶ߣȫɵˡ
෴Щµ˲Ǳô˭ȻܸڳϢŵʮ֮⣬ֻñϢϤֺİǿϢϱʱ״
ټϱ֡˴ȷֵľǱɡ
ֻǣΪʲôָʲôϵӵܹһ˸߻߸ɵǰֵʵʵǺ£ǹؼɣ
䡢ʵ޹صĻΨһ;ֻСԭݱܲһ㣬Ӧһ˲
ָʵݵ޷ң
ԲҪߵģ

ô˭ܹ׽һҪʵȻףȴԺ½ĽǶʵǷȴвʲô̫˲ĳ̶ȣΪжϵݡ
ҶЦüͷ


671 ˭ɵĻô
ֻǣ˭ʵΪΣһȷǾȻ֮УҶЦһᶨɫҲ㹻ˣ˭ΪΣҶҵ㣡
ҵ㣬һ£ǽСƨɴãߡ
ҶЦѶҲ¶΢ЦΪҵС檣㻹ҪܵȥǷˡ

Ҳһϡ
㿰춯صϢȺ󴫵˳ǳǡ
һϢǡҶ˧һսƽǿɱԭʮ·ʮĲԭϤ;ţ򾡾ݲ
ĿǰʮԭѾûвԭǵĴڣ
һս⵽¾Ĳԭˣƣ
ս£
Ҷ˧ĺպսԼײ֮½Ϊ֮
ڶϢһܺõϢ۹˽ʵ۹߷ߣʵ۹ʮǧ󽫾⹦սѳ˽۱򣬳ֱ룬ָʵ۹ء
֮ǧɽӾ̣
۹սǧɽ˼ӽ˽࣬زסնĴгԮĻᣬսƵƵϡ
جĴʵ۹ٹ¾𾪲ѣ
ڵϢȻͬ𺳡ȴǵԳʵ۹ԣǾ𶯣ǶԽԱ˵𺳣½ǿս󳬼ţһϦ֮䣬ȫɨɽڵصĴɽҲײƽ
ʮӣȮϲ棡
˷ɻң
ǰϢø۹𶯾أһϢȴֱɲǼ
˭֪ĿǰĿ鱦ԣڣûˡ
ǡƸ¥İ׹Ӹոˣžͳʧ
׹֮ʱ˵ЩԤףʵ˲һ룺ԭ׹ڵʱһֱάϵŽƽȣʹ֮ʧ⣻ǿ󣬲˼ɣû֣ͼţӳ
ڰ׹һߣȻҲûκι˼ˣֱӾͳ֣ųƺ½ǿǹ˽㣡
һ¡ʱ鱦һֱҲӰӣٰʱ򣬷Ҳû¶棡
˱Ͷڲ죺ȥˣôҪĻ롭
ڣﶼˣԭʱ̣ǹƥܳȥ׻ţ
ҶЦ²⣬ֻ»ܳһᣬҲ̫ˣһ֮䣬׻ţŸݵҲɽ׺ɣûʵ˵ڵңǰЦʢ֮ʱֻ¶ҪδȻǾȷʹõľȷ̶Ȳ
뵱ȻȴòƼΪӽʵ֪Ǽž
̸ۣҲǲҴΨǵ˵Ĳãǻ
֪̽ȥ
ͦŶЦǺǣ٣ҿģģĲ֪ء
ԼЩ飬ܽĶһ䣺ǲǷһŭ
ԣҡͷֱ˦Ҷ˦ȥһŷǽϣǿڷϣԲǣ϶ǣ
Ȼϵ̫ˡ
ǳϣƷɡôһҷȴŲɣ
Ծ֪˴𰸣һᣬһЦϰαôǣǣȻϰ塣
۾һЦ㶮á
ҶáƹһЦ
ʧˡ
ʣµļɣȻʵԾɻҪڸ֮ϣ˴ʵȴѾԶϼ嵥͵Ӱ˵ѾǹϵĴ½һ壡
ټ鱦ܹϵʣ˭Ҷ壿
ڵˣǺ½һ
ƻصԼ齵ĿջҼͬʱΧ֣¶ǲǷģ
ƳţһֺǹŹֵĿ˵ϵúܼҡָ˵֣˵㶮ã
㶮ã
ĸ뵹һǷɵˡ
ҲôġһȴҲûϣֻ˲²⣬߷˵ġ
͵ǰ̬ƶԣ뿪½壬ԣ뿪֮ǰ϶ҪЩںܹ˺ˣ϶Ҫų켺׵Īںǳš
ǵȻ֮ǰܴһ뿪½鱦ĺδƵסɣԷԾͽųѿ
֮ԲᵱϴΪҲΪԼΪȻûܹв£Ȼ鱦Ҫں½ϼģ뿪Ʊػ鱦ʵּ˥ˡ
ֽʱ鱦ʼմڷ˼⣬Ǻ£Ըѡ躹޵һͷøǡ
鱦ֻĻٿصġһ֯
ǷҪ˼


672 ֮
ʵܸ޵Ŀڷ磬ؾǷ׼͸¶ϢǰμĿġҲ˵ķ׳Ϊδ鱦֮ǰϷߡ
ҪȻҲôĵӣ͸¶Ϣ
һλһ˼ǡǸʱѾ֪˷Ƹ¥Ҫߣ׹֮ͻ֣ԣǸʱѾʼֲãѵĲ־Զ
ϸɣǰ׹ΨһϿɵĶ֣׹˹ϵġ񡯣ϿɵĶָ֣ʲôų֮⣬ҲĲ²ˡ
̾һȻԲԸ⣬񡯵λȥɷϵǣڷΪǵУѾǡ񡯣ɿܣûܣܿܣ
ٶ뵹һ
ֻҪһ뵽ǰʱ䣬ԼЩͱţλŵȥһս˶Ǹоһ̿ġ
ڹؼʱѡλãˣѾ֮أ
һˣʱͶֶ˼ָм
£ô
Щʱʲô鶼ûֻǶһʱ䣬ֻҪ㱾ĵλһ߶ȣ治ܷʲô飬ԾػϵЩߴϵ顣
ͱڵķ
ʱʧϢĿΪΪչȥˡ
Ȩ֮£Ȼûвμӡ
ʱ½Ⱥô顭ڷƸ¥Ѿˣϵֻʣ˷һ
ôɱˣɵģ˭ɵģ
ں½֪֮У֮ҲܴŻ
Ǿˣ
Ǻᣬôγɣ
һʱ䣬죬
û֪£ӶͬʱΪ½۷ɱ
һ¾ӣһ¾
ͬͬ£
ȻˣλҶ컹Ҫ󣬻ҪǴܶ֡
Ҷʼǽսʮһģλȴǵǹƥһ֮䣬ɵ˵ǿţԼʮӣɽ
Ȼû֪ʢʵǸӣ
һ졣
ռﴫΥ춯ƺܼȵӡ
ҶЦһɵһ
ռҩٱĿN౶ʱﲻϵӣֵҲ˶ˮǴߡٽڣѾ˲ϴС
ҶЦһ֮£ֵǵı棬ȻֳһѺۣƮ졣
ֻǣƺȱһʲô
%#@Yޣߡֺܽ
ҶЦ뵰ദվãȻһʱ䲻֪־˵ʲôȴҲɾʶµ˵Ҫʲô
Ҫ統չŽ군ʱꣿҶЦüͷһȷϵ
ȷϡ
ҶЦϸ˰죬Ȼ
Ѿ˷ıԵֻҪṩ㹻ܷ
֮ǰһֱûҪȴΪջԵɺ֮¸ɵ˹ŽӹŽꡢꡢȫգǹŽȻΪ˱ӣһΪʵȴʵʵĵԪƷȫԪⷽʼղȱԵŽԪսݽߣԲҶЦԮ
ҶЦȵַһ죬˵Ѿ˺þãǡ
˵ҪþϴյǸ˵ȥҪȥǿǵԪĳǿߣϴֻԵһ٣޿ܸƵģҶЦЩͷʹˡ
ϴԵýȻ֮ɻȱ֮ͬôûõģ
ҵַ֮ͬСɣŽҲδعŽһ˵ٿ൱ͨܺͣǣҪַҪɱʮˣ
ҶЦ㣬ͷۣҶЦԾԼĲʲôˣΪԼһ֮˽ŪʮˣҶЦɲ
ۿҶЦΪѣֳϴдϢ
ҶЦϸӦ֮£־ϲɶף˵Ҫ綼ǣؽΪԭ㣬ĶУܶ࣬ÿ춼ԶɢʲôЦ˵ÿ춼Ҫܶˡţòÿ춼Ҫö˰涼ڴ̣ɲÿ춼ܶô֮սѵ㹻ĳһҶЦʱĿһ
ҪŪŽһȫʵ䰡սϡ

ԼȶҶЦҵһͣ㣻ȥξȻֱȥ޼ɼıһ
ҶЦ޼ɼ뿪ʱ޼ɳĬãüͷⲽ
Ȼȥࡣ
үϸϸ˴ҹ
޼ڲž˰գһ˵¡Ӧòѣ


673 ټҶЦ
ڳʵ۹߲νǽͷöǳ
սңѾǲˣòױսֳᣬ֧Ԯأƫƫͳһ£սȫܣ
Ϣѩϼ˪
òתľƣΪ£һαն֮
Ҷ򱱾ɨԭҪȫٻԮȴҲһʱ顣
սָݱնսǧɽ˴֣ţ粽ã鲻ֵģǿֻ֣·ΪԷˣòʧ
󽫾ϷսֹȻȶȴҲǱ޳ĪԶˮѾȽ
սֵȫܣֱӽ۹㣬̤볽ʹֻҪ¾ɱ볽ʸأ
ֱָǳǣ
븹ر룬ʵ۱±˼׽ĻȻ߶ܹסʲôã
Ҫ赲
ڵľǣл̵ġ̵ܴĴȫͷ̣۹ȻҲһ֮
ʵ۱üͷ壬ۿȺ׷ȴ޽飬ɫԽԽѿ
ѵҪ
ڵڣܳ
ڣȫ˰
Ĺ֧ŵڣбûǮ֧ţʵ۹״ȴ෴ѳȴޱã˵ɸΪ֮ȴ´ȴɸôأ
Ȼʱڽ޼ɣ̧ͷһۻʵ۱£ֹ
ڴϵλã˵ǵλͣûְԴҲͲ
ʵ۱¶޼ɷܸȤһֹӣʵ޼ɣʲôҪ˵ڹֵ֮νԾܷŵ
޼Խڶ£ֳʹ֮ʣʲǷȱǮʿҲг֮Ψȱһ˧֮ˣ΢ҪټһˣֻҪ˳ս۹
ʵ۱Ŀһ˭
򱱽Ҷ󽫾ĹӣҶЦ޼˵ֻҪҶս۹Σؽӭж⡣
ƣʵ۱»û˵һλվŭһ޼ɣƿСſڴƻƣΪսǶϷҾټ竳ս˵óڣ
޼ɵһЦȴûгԷ
ۼ޼ɲ޷˾Ϊ䵨ӣʱȺӿλ󳼷׷ָ޼ɲʶ壬ù˿Ц
ʵ۱ȴ۾͵һ
˻߲֪ʵ۱ȴô᲻֪Ҷξı£ǾһڰնϽ׼̽ȡľͽ
ǰߣ﹩ʵ۱³´ʣξ֮ʵҪԶԼһɻҹ֮ϣһɻҹ֮ΪҲԪ߽ף﹩ʵԪ۷ΣξһʵҪ࣬Ѿ˼һ
޼ȻƼҶЦǻʵ۱ȴ֪޼ɻлƼģʵξ
ֻҪҶЦս͵ӱҶЦĽǶ˵ξͲܲȥ
ξֻҪȥˡ
ξƢսǻң
˽ȴôɵĶ֣
ʵ۱¹ţҶЦҲδһʵѡ
ڹ޼ɹòֺȺȻ
ʵѡ
զģ
ǿҶЦ˵У֮ףǰЩλС壬ս
ʵ۱¿һ޼ɣ޼͵ۿ˵Ϊ֪ιܼ鱦˽ơ
仰ֻлʵ۱һˣȴֺΪݽԣʹ˶档
ʵ۱¶ʱĿմõãôˣּҶЦΪͳ־ʮ򣬸磡
˭Ҳû뵽ʥּϹ˵
˭Ҳ벻ʵ۱¾ȻôһУֱּ
˼ڵأݺ᣺¹ؽɽ𢰲Σ˼
ʵ۱һ֣Ѿ䲻˵ţҶЦ˸֮磬ܹ磡
Ⱥ
ôţ
ƾҶĶӣǿɾһ竡
Ϊ˭ˣӻͷ𲻻أ
ô˵ڻʵ۱µǬٶ֮£Ҷٴ˿̾Ȼôͳ
£˶û
Ψˣаա
һ޼ɣ֪ҶЦʵԼݵΣ
һȻǻʵ۱£ҶЦʵΣױȲȵ˼ʼǣҶЦξ
ξҶʱ򣬻ʵ۱¿Ŀ˫ƣȻʮ㣡
Ҷ콫ξɻܼңûʵ۱˺þá
˾ͽᱻȥܼҡ
ֱǱ
Ȼʵ۱Ҳ֪ܼһҶЦıķػҶЦһߣȻϧҲ޿κΡ
񣬱սΣ̣֮ɽҶЦͷһ˳
٣ʵ۱¼Ȼ飬һҶЦһҲС
ʥּ´ͬʱֱӴ˹ȥ
漴Ǳʼᡣ
Ҷ֮УҲһƬæҡ


674 ҶЦҶ˧
ξէͻϵʥּûüĳʵչʹȴĿԼĺֶѾӽ׼׵ˣòƲǸտʼ׼˵أ
Ҫξɵ۾ҶЦͿ
ҶЦŵ˵ҪҪ
ξһ£һǿս㶮ƨ㵱ϷأжΪսϣһܱ˼ѹ࣡㶮ô
ҶҶЦٺһЦҵΪȻǲеģⲻôʲô
ξΪ֮ᡣ
塣ҶЦɫһ˴γҪȥɣңҵ֮⣬оǡѾ˱ķҲ൱˵֮ĳŵʱߡ񣬳ʵ۹⻼Σķո׵ıԣ϶ûпʱȥԣҪΪնһǣνһǣǽ⻼
ֻնξһأǿδڴ̣ͲϷأСܷģ
ҪţϷҲҪţֻҪû̫⣬Ҳ֡ҶЦЦЦ˵ļֵΨս֡ȫû⻼ôƱؾҪչڶǾóսΧʱǹɽͼпԹ屻񾡹ءԣҪĶ֡Ϸ󽫾Ǳߣһˡ
ǣĿǰΪѾȥƿ׶ΣֻһͻԪ۷ΣԪƫƫڣһֶûˡ
ҶЦյĿξţǡҲ֪˭ȻôİԵֱӽȫˡޱߺǰɱ֣Ȼȥ񸻼ˡڿɵãҪҸ˾һսѰ֮ĸҲûˡ˼ȥΨһܹΣĵطòҲֻսŪˡ
ξ˳죬ɣ
˽⵽ŵıҶЦνΪӵġ
ò˵ŵвʼպܴǵ˽죬Ծɺܴ
ԭҶЦаգ䵱ĥʯһԼѽӷ
ǣֱһΣڷ֣ԼǴˡ
ԷȻֱ붯ɽæ
ԸԼֱӾ
Լûпء
û񹦡ûе֣ûнԼֻ֪ʱˣ
ҶЦоԼѧ˲ٶ
Ǵĵײ㿪ʼƴһĴƴһӵǰľ飬ֶָգ˼ǺãֻǣԾԼǰ벻顣
飬һʧⷢǧһԸҶЦоԼ뽫˼ҵĥʯǡĥʯ̫ӲˣѵĥˣľûĻˣ
ǡɵ˭Ǳ
ҶЦԳЦЦѾͷȻָ˼䣬ǰʵǣǰ鿴ʱȴǰҲûСȻָ֮˱ǿܶʵҪ£ȫܡ
Ǳȴ˭ҶЦ˱ȴҲҲ벻ˡѵǱľˣ
ҶЦȥȫûͷ
ֻܽµһա
һȥе𣿡ξʵ
Уҵõ׼ȷϢǱҪ֮ڣ뿪½ҶЦ֣ص˵ҵõϢؼ£λ棬ͨСһ£֮⣬ЩԭͳλĴڣȴͣģƻλƽǿĨɱ
ط޴ӸġҶЦصҵʱ߻գѭķ򣬵͸ףȴǰȥʵϣʱȱϣĴҿһһ⣬Ͳˣ
ξɫ䣺ط£˻棿
ΪԪ߽ǿߣξô֪ܲط壿
Ƕ֮䣬гλʵһϴ
ֻҪط϶ƻƽ⣬ͻᱻĨɱ
ط£Ƕλвôڵǿߵһϴ
Ҳ˵Ȼ˾Ե޵µʵλΪô͸뿪ˣܼ
ǵʱ㻹£ô꣬ᱻĨɱ
ô²˳٣Ǳ뾡һУȻ뿪뿪ξ϶ð˺ϳ
漴ֵҳȥһ£øȥţ֪ͨ£¿ãˣѪҲһȥɣ
ҶЦ˵ͳȥˡ
ҶЦһĵξкµĶġ

ҶٰۣüĿ˧̨֮ϣ
Ȼмͳ˧ļơ
Ѿ´ʥּ֮ĵ졣
Ҳǳӣ
ʮ־˵ǻʳıʵ۱һֵ˵Ĺעһˡ
۹һٶȣųʵ۹ؼͦǳʱҲ˲ٸʲôʢĳʽˡ
ӹ˧ӡƾӴҶپһ֮ˡ
Ҷ˧ѵ
ǱҪʡԲãΨѵ֮󣬲ܺŽˡ
ҶЦҲ飬ֱӳȽȽ𣬾Ȼˢһվϣ
˸ߵĵǳʽۿʽĻʵ۱Լһɴ󳼶ͷߣ
ôģһҲ̫ɧˡ
֮˧֮ϰ
ǰҪĶ
Խʹûй˾Ȼڳʱվ˧ϡ
һĪɻ䣡
˾Ȼö֮ľվȥ
ʲô


675 죡
ֻҶЦͲ֪˧컹ȼɻ䣬Ҳûоãһɣһʱ𣬾ôƮȻϣվøߣԶƵ˵
վ˶ϣ紵ƮƮ
ҶӶʱоԼǸߴϡ
ξߣһɵ㡭Ȼƨ
գ˧˧ľֻһҶЦһʮХһߣն
ʴ˧ָһλͷˮ
˵Ҳ̫ͳ˰ɣ
ҲҲ̵˵ֹпͷо
ҵ˼ǣоӴ˿̿ʼֻһ̱׼նҶЦһף
нһ
Լģûôͳġ˼ǣʲô㶼Ҫɱͷ£
ҶЦ˼
ˣֱָؼ㣬ҶЦһ仰ڽеĻʹ˶
ңնԵ
˾ǲκء
Գ棬нֹ
һ⣬ʱȻ󲨡
ԭ۹ӵĽԴ˵ûִ̫˼ֵǳʱڣϿĶȻһЩֻҪǣοǹĹؼʱ̣
۹ĴŵľʿѾϸǰߣսķս֣ȴһսƾ֣оֵ۹أȻδزϣڣԳ棬ɽܹڶԵ֮ʱʹָָ磿
֧齨ĴҪһɱǻұ־һľ衢ĿˣûϿľԼƾЩˣСǣʹ̡
ȻͬȺȻҲзԵвٵѫӵܲһŵʱͲˡЩһһĶǼбģԲʱûбЩѾǰߡ
ЩһڵĳԣҪսΣȻڵʵǱⲻҪսʶȺһһƤԹ˿էȻô̵ľʱͱˡ
Ǽ屬ˣ
ʲô˵Ǿ棬ôҸģϷ
оֻһ̱׼ǿͷ˵ߴһ·ҲҪͷô¶ģҪֱ˵
ǣҪǰִҲ۹Ĵˣһˣ˭ûľƶ»
ֱǺ֣㵽׶ӣӪңһô
ҶЦ˰ɣķ軰
ôӲɣϲľǴ棬һ쵽ñ㿳ʮ˴Σ
Ҳ
Ҳ
ǰؾأӲһףͲҶЦǼһ濳ӵԴ

֮䣬˲ʱֳ޾ӣһѫӵܿĶŵűӳҶЦ񣬼ֱ޲ýһһˣ
ǵĸ߹ݣӳļһսһƵˣһȻôһǸƣͣ
ͶûãǾͲУôô
ǾͰҪѾ˾
ܰȫɱô
Ұȫɱô
Ľ˼ѳµѫУ
һ߹󳼱ͶҶЦ˧ʮ˳ۣ˿̸Ƕʱһֻ˼Ȼ׻˵ڣοٸѫӵһ췴ҪδɵҶ˧ν
ȻɱһӰٵ˵кüˣ涯һԣһ˵ܶãҪɱ￴ϧȫǲܶĺ
ΪλãĵԪ˧ˡ
ൽʲôʱǺǽġ
֮ףȻʢ飡
ţڿ֮УҲֻλҶү鴫
Ĵ˧ҶЦһλʵ۹ͳ˧ն󽫾ҶЦҶ죬߻ɻ䣬ĻΪڶһߣȻˣ⼸λڴˣҲᷢôŵݱ˹
ֻʦǣŵҶ˧ȴҶЦ
һ޷˼ɵǽ¶е
ǾͲһˡ
ҶЦȻԵǰֵܳľԤϡ
ǻ˼ǡǲҵľӦ˵ѾΥҵľˣǲôôֻĵƣһߣٶһ飬ֻ˵ǶһλᣡҶЦ۾УЦǺǵ˵
òţϿľܹأ޷֮ҵȺأһһۼҶЦЦӭʢŲӴС
һ̲Ķӣ˿ϵԱ߹Ծʱ˺;գȻʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㡣
һ˴ͷİٶѫӵͬʮ㣺˵úãҵҲ޷أ
ҶЦҲŭͷ޷أܺúܺãˣһ׹ٸһİ죡
ʲô
ף
죿


676 ɱ⣡
죡
ʲôʲô˼
һʱ˶ЦԷǣ쵰Ȼڳʱ׼˰죿ʲô˼ѵ˵ԵθյԪ˧ʹҪͶˣ
Ҷ˧һ£Ȼ˴Կˣȴʼջ֮ˣȻҶ˧Լˣ׼õġ
ֻƬ̣һ˶Ĵ۵һͰ˧ǰ棬һ죬Ҳ˹ȻƵģ֪Ӫ˧ţȻȻҶЦ˧˧컹Ҫı
ĿһƬѩס
ῴ泬ŵİ죬һƤ
ԵģҲ̫ˣ
ʦһͷôһ죬̵צĺͷ
ҶЦɫν²ڴ˺Ķһλᣬղ˭˵ҵľ
ƨĺģӲϡ˵ģ
˵ôˣ
ң
һ
Ҿǲ

ҶЦδ䣬ѫӵһͦظݵվ˳һĵҶЦ˼ԣǶվˣզذɣ
ܺãѾλᣬǶŹˣǾûʲô˵ˣҶЦͷڼȴ˲Ҿģɷնˣг֮ͳͳ£һҲŹ
ɲǼ䣬һӵĿɭ䣬Խڶȫԥһѫӵܡ
Ҫʲô
ң
ҶЦҰң
ô󵨣Ǿң

һӵֲˣĻһɽѫӵһ룬ȴһĿɭ䣬Įɽж硣
˾ϵóЩ鱦ɱּţ
ͷߣǴɱ
Ⱥ˳ǵ֮⣬˼ʻҶЦױӣ
˿̣ȻӢˬȴôҲڲסǷΪɱְֵҵ䡣
ֱӾһΣ
ԱЩѫӵռţЩݺὭɱԿ˵ǲһ̧ǣǰ󲻹Ƭ̹⾰ѾϤ廨ڵϣֻһԲޣƿڴ澹˿δ
˧ĹֽߣӪߣѾ£˧ʾ£
ҾģΥҾ˵ʲôȫˣҶЦһȻ赭д˵
һ仰ٶڳ˾ǵԲ۾
ֻǣ仰𺳳̶ȻҪǰһ仰֮ϣ˵ԶԶϣ
ȫˣ
˵Ϳô
İʮѫӵܣлвǼĶ磡
㾹Ȼ
ôң
ȫһס
ڻʵ۱̵޼һסԼ
ʵҶЦץ˵ǻᣬѾ֪һҪʲôֻ޷˵вүǧɵô¿ֲð
ҶЦȻûĳ˵ĽСүǸ˳
޼ɾԼҪˡ
ԼѾܸܸҸˣ˧˧ôǧƼ˧ô֮һ¾ҽȫˣҶǽ𡭡
ôĸʲôʲôޡ
Ƽģ
ôˣ¸ңھӿô
ôĿԲں䣬Ҳа磬׸磬㵽ﰡ
޼޸̣޼ߵĻʵ۱ҲһסˣԾľ;ԼһӣԾ
ӶԾǰ쳤һЩɱŻˣ
ǣɱжεȿ켲
ڳûз㶵һȺˣҪ֡ҪȺˣ
ֻһ֣
ץֱһˣһ죬䳤ʣһһͷأһǻѪȪӿһף
ɱۼӳ֣ѧ˲һſͷϣԲѪ׷ף
һףʱѪ磻ðڵһѪӡ
ǰҲգգ۵ĹİʮѫӵܣѾϤʬû⡣
ɱ⣡
ʱ̣֮಻ָֹʲôģ
һ˵ʲôˣɱ֣һɱ֣ɱ˶׵£ֱҳ㷹ԱְҵֻҪóְ˼ţСԣƽÿն׶˶һ㣬죬ˮ
ֻʱУϣѪһɫҰףƤֱ¡
ɱˡ
ʵ۱ɫһӱɷף
ҶЦʵ̫̫ˣ
Ӧǵ̫ˣ
һĿɶǹ֮ѫӵܣ
ô͵ɱˣ
Ҫ˵ɱһģʲôģҲ˵ùȥôɱˣ
´ˣ
̲߻Լ£ﲻһˡ
編֮黰ûü˵꣬ͿԼĶѾһ䣬ͷأһغغա
̲״ʱɵˣ˾ǷпҶһţͻȻһ˺ѷεĺУɶ
̱ȥ
Ȼɲֹһɶѫ󣬾һƬNѿڶﲻ
Ļʵ۱Ƥһ¡


677 Цӳ
Ȼ棬Ҷ˧Ŀٲ˿ȻΨ޾ɭ䣬ѻȸȵûвģûҪҾģҸᣬܳԣ
ţţ
һʿʶؽԼվֱ˼֡
˧ģ³⣬һУҶӺ˺ߣ˧ִƾڽ㣬ڵҼΣѣﻹʱôĴͷɱǱ˧ΨһֶΣǾ仰ľܳԣ
һˣҴ
ʣ
ס֮Ҫʣ
Ҫʲô
ֻǴ˿̣˸ȻξɣҲֻսսעӶѡ
ֻλոսӹȨҶ˧һ֧ëʣʢѪĴմմһӣڵϡ
˷ХУѪĴëһһӶͣ
֡
Цӣ
Ƭ֮ǰһȾİ˲ʱѪִ졣
˽һѪְ˧죬ϰգѪӭƮɢѪ֣ڿУпķ
ֻ˵µ˧죬ֻҶЦԼһ˵˧죬
˿֣жǳη塣
һ˵еľ֮ףȻһ˺ݶɱ
ȵ˼ɣɵ
ԭԹȻ飬˵е竾һһΪʣ
ǣ޼ǣн񳯵ҶЦҲǣ
ϣɡ
һս˻žһƥȫɫĽҶ˧ƮƮԾһ޹ģ
ˡ
԰ټƵĹ֣ƴһԼǰĳģ
ΨԼõòõ΢ЩҶ˧һۿΪԼΥԼɾҪͷˣ

ǳģҲǱʤģ
֮䣬ǣ֡
ĵ֮ǰδŵľң춯أ
һߣĴ󳼣Żʵ۱Ǳ߳ȥ¡¡ҪΪΪԩ
һݺᡣ
ֻϧ˼ֵ֮ʱЩӵȫڸǣ
ʵ۱ҲֻǿһᣬʹҪҪģһһϣ˶ѣȫǵ˵Щʲô
ǱߣҶ˧Ѿһȣ帰ǰ档
ȷһȣ㣬
ȴ֧飬һͦأ״̬޵á
е˿ң
ÿ˶óԼ״̬ΨֱҶ˧һĲãץȥ˵͡˾
λ󳼻һĳ彫ڳǰ棬ָҶЦƿڴҶЦͣס㲻ߡ㡭
Ծ죬ҶЦ˵ʲô㵱Ҳ⣬ɭ񲻹ɨɨǣµĺɫһͣͣ˹ȥ
粻޶ã
ۣ
ҶЦɫһµһλĴ󳼣ѱ£ţХ
ХĽһλλгõĴ󳼣ȳ࣡
ţòƲ׼ȷ˵ôĳ󳼣ѳ׳࣬ͬ飬ҲȻ
ʤ
һȵҶЦһӣһ
ʤ
ʮþ˳̵ͬĴһ
һǬΪ֮Ȼһ
һһƣԳУһѪȻޱ߿񱩡ɷ̬Ƴ彫ȥ
֮ϡ
죬ʮɸߵĴ죬ôڸ߿շ
죡
Ѫ֣
ŨѪڿоһѪȵķ籩죬һ·Զȥ
һ֧飬һ֧֮ں֮ڣڳǰҶЦͳһ֧׳ӣ
ûзʲôԣҲûйĶʿ
ֻϴ񣬾ôѫӵܵѪͷֱӽ˳ľ꣡
ȥֱӾ̣һкǧȻûʵ۱¸¾
У̨Ǳȴը˹
ʧȥӡֶӡֶĴʹ飬ʹòҪҪġ
£ּٽͽҶЦ׽ù鰸̣
£ǧҪΪϳ
¡ءΪľһӡ

ʵ۱½ͷö
һʱǱԸӡ
׷ҶЦ
ǲܡ
׽ù鰸
ӵĲܣ
ڻʲôӾԾԵĲܣ
ʵ۱±ҲǴģο˿һ֧ѾҶЦѪħĳΣսϣȻپϵıʿҲ϶ϲľӿ¡
սϳʽڽڰˣҪһ֧ȥ
ʱҶЦ׷ô֧ͻٵˣ»ָһɢɳľ档
ǲԻٳǣжȥһݣ
ǲ׷С쵰ɱôҪô˵
Ȼķ棬׷ء׽áҶЦ⻰ûֱӶڳ˵


678 Ѿˣ
ȻҶЦΣᶯȻиĪʵĹܼξɺȻɲ⣬޿ƥеҶ죬޷ҡЩɸЩ˵ͨ
ôΨгһˡ
ʲôң˵ʲôʵ۱Ե㯣ղ̫ˡһģʲôˡ
ʲôʲô˵ʲô
ѽˣޱˡ
ʵ۱Ŷ䣬ƺʵܲˣܸɴһʹ˵ȥ
Ȼܡáһֱͷ޼ϡ
ɲǼ˻Բѣ²֪
£ǾͻȻʣʧɫ޿ɱ⣬˵Ŀ⾡۽ʵ۱⡣
ȻȻأҲ͡á˼æҷסʵ۱£޼ɡ
Ǻ׵ʼٸӳɲǼһ۾ˣ޼ɣ㡭
һλݺᣬݺݵĶ޼ɣͬŲĳˣƼɱߣҵĶôᡭ
ԣ޼ɣ㣬
޼ɣƲ
޼ɣ
޼ٲȻ޸¹Ȼ߶Σٳܳ˽ѿ֮ߣֻڳɵôǱˣ˵ˣЩҹȻӵһ˶û֤¸װΣһ¶ûУЩ˶ʲô

ʵ۱»޼ϣңҿѾˣôˣŻ޼ɻǺЧġ
ֻ۱λװΣ治֪װ֪湦ܻǵģϾʵ۱¿˵Σ
Ǻĳĳ˿ʼҽҽǰһæµʵ۱¾ǻԲѣҽ֣ǲѡ
ʱȴǱߴһ㿰춯صľ죡
ٶһ£ֻһµ𺳳̶ȻԶǰ֮ϣͬһķ
ţô£ֳʲôˣʵ۱ٶȹ˲װԣæʵ
漴ǻȻ벻˼顣
Ҷ˧˧ʵ̫ߣֱķʽǶ϶ϳ˳ŵģҶĹܼξһƽŴһ󶴡Ҳ֪أͼιֻܼǻӻֻ֣ǻӻֶѣǽȫûˣڶųǽ׵Ĳˡ
λ֮£֪ԼηӦˡ
Բۣ
һôĻûأȽԼҵĹ֮ɱİʮȻֽԼҵĳŲˣǽֱӴûˡ
ôһģ
ɵôĽʲô°
ȻôŰƺƵĳˡ
һ㣬Ǹܼξʲôͷòôӻ־ŪôĶ⡭ôҪǻӻ֣ǲҲͶأ
ڳɣֲ²ĵȴ
ϣʵ۱´һ۾һȴ˹ȥ
һεε޼ɻС
ֻһΣίʵҲˡ
Ϊʵ۱òιȥˣ
ûǼλҹΧ£ôͻʵ۱»ع
ʵ۱µĵڶλԶ޼ɶԣǺبĵһѽţ
ʱʵ۱µιȥٴεĹʲԻأ
һֱ˺½һȨһˣ

ҶЦĴͬһ쫷Ҳƣǰδеоٶȣˢһ˾ǣ
һ·ϾۣǴ£۶ȥ
֧飬һɫŭԳǳΪ㣬ڼۡ
ֱǰߣ
˵ĸټоٻǿһЩֵҲһЩһɲһƴ׷ϣó̵֣֣Ǽ֣Ǽ֡
Ҷ˧տ˵ģоֻһͷ
˶㲻㴥˾
⣬˭Ҳȥһʡ
ôֲסҲ͵ͬȥȻˣôǾͻȥԼܰɡ
ֲסҲҪȥܱǿɣ
ʵ֤˵Ǳġ
һ·ҹ̣һֱܵصʱ򣬾Ȼһûеӵġ
Ȼˣûӵһ£ûȫԱﵽȴһ£·ڸ·Եʣʿ
ҶЦԴ˺⣬޲ݣȻǴ̣ôܲˣоӣôսҲһ
ʱǾԲκ֮ĵġ
Ǿӣ
Ǵ̣
Ѫ飡
һ˲֮£νø࣡
ء
˹صλ죬ǰ֮Ҫ㣬ͻƴ˹أǰκ裬νǳʵ۹۹һߣ˵λ÷ǵλڳʵ۹ͼ֮ڣԭߣѴǧ֮ң
˵˹ǳʵ۹ľԸرԵˣ


679 
֮ǰսһܣͳ˧⹦ΣңƴֿսɳŲս쵽أǣҲʧأô۹Ĵĳֱ롢һֱǳǣҲûκεĹذɹֿԷء
˿̵أֵսΣĲ֮ʱ
ΣҲնĹͷԮϵ
ҶЦ¾ͳ˧ֱ֮ȫϵأֻգ
ν٣Īڴˣ
һ
ϣʵ۹ʿԾĿԶ
һ޲ˣ˺ۣĿᶨϬϣ̹Ȼݣһ˿ʹ
Щʿ󽫾⹦ҵ¡
ֹϢѪսѾЩѪж񾭶ֽͬһ㣡
˿̣ԶǰĴȴһΪ֮ݣิο
۹ô̵ʱԮȻҳʣ
жѸ٣ʹָ˵ã
ף벻ң
ֱ죡
һ֧εȾ񲿶ӣ
֧Ԯֹ˵áݵģϾ
ֻǳʾУľӣ˧򱱾ҲͲ˰ɣ
֪ͳ˭
һλ˷ܡ
ҶȻʵΪʵҲĿǸѡˣڶսǧɽѪս󽫾פϽòƻݵľӣҶ죬Ҷ쵹ܴľӣ򱱾ҲƵݣ򱱾ڱأڴֹ϶ûпܴ˿Ԯ֮Щ˶ͳ֮ˡ
ôܹģȴ˭أ
˭˴˼Բ¶ȣΨһܹȷֻУ˱Ȼǵ֮֮ˣ
ԮԽԽңңѿɼһ죬ֱͬڰһ㣬Х
ڽϸ֮£һĶͷߣ
ԵΣôǰ죿̵ĸĳ
һλüͷһ䣺⵽ĸƴԮݣо̾Ȼ죬ǴʱͶ𣿡
ǰƺ֣֣֡ѵԭǺɫ֣ôʲô⣡
ԭŨѪѱ˺ڳɫ
һλŬãŵ⼸ƺǡЦӡЦӣһ㯵תͷЦ˭֪λЦô
˾һһͷˮ
ľû֪λЦӡλ
ȻҶ֮׵ͷǣ˲֪ʱ˿̣ûܹ롰Цӡϵûϵ
˭ܹǵԮʵǿԮҾϣˣϣˡλϣҵȥӭӣɵ
ǣ
Ԯ죬Ҳ漰ʱ죬ֵǿһӲսĽ֣ȻǸҵȴϣ
ǰֵѾŲסˡ
֪ôˣ
ȫˣ˵ѵǻ᣻һ۾ͳҪϳǽسǣһ˵ԼȷˣһѪԣڻûѣҽ˵ǼģѪ飬ֻǡ


棬Ѿ˴һҶ˧ʱԮ֮˿򿪳ţ
δ䣬Ѿ򿪣һϢĽʿ˳һͷϰű߸첲ϻѪȴ˿ңɭϡ
ֻôһվһɱ׳ĪϢѾȻ
ҲֻһվͿԿóһʱ䣬õ̫ˡ
ξעĿһˣвһ
δܼȻΪ⹦սȴǰٷְٵɳ֣ڳʵ۹˲˵ָҲࡣ
֮ʺϹʮ򣬵˵ĽóԼеóֵģҲһٶˡԼϤʶģĽص˵Ҳǧƣ
⻹͵һ֮Ľʿ
ǼƫԽСǿɾ͸ˡǿ϶еġ
ڴӳ߳ӭӵġ㲻ᳬˣ
м˵װƫΡ
ЩʸӭӵĽʿɾǰָӽ죡
˵Ѿ˴˴ûʣ¶ս
ξ쳤ХҰ
һ죬ˢһȻֹǶ뻮һ˿
ξһӭȥ
ôЩˣأξʵȻѾµ࣬ȴǱһָ
ȣһһξ仰Ȧһ죬ἸǿסʵûˣȫûˣֵѾȫûˡ
ξȻһ


680 ս
ʮǧȻȫûˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴԼ˵ڣ֮󣬽̾ϢһֵǴúܿడ
λ˽ҧţۿȴĺˣ촽ţ̲ס¡
ϼͻȻһѱסξʹʧ
Īжգֻδʱ
λһˣ˧ɹҲ󽫾⹦ҵĽֵܡ
˿̣һ֪Ϊľˣ֪ٴδͷİսʿһһޡ
һС
ˡ
һ̣ڿξʱ򣬾ҲƲסԼ棬йǻߡ
ҶЦһ߿ţ̲סͷ̾Ϣһ
󽫾սˡءɹޣʮֵܣڵģѲʮϹǧ˰λͳ죬񣬾ֻʣǰʮˡ
һֱҧضţţǾڵһ̣ԮɱΪ󽫾ΪȥֵǱ𣡴˳𲻱ɹᣬХɹĿ
˳𲻱Ŀ
ʣµٶλͬʱһþȫƺԼԼ꣬ںСŭţ
󽫾Ӣ鲻ԶڿֵΪѩأ
УһƬҲƵź
µĲཫʿĶķӦ
˿̣ǽϣһȫ۵
ֻһ˫˫۾ģȴȫҰһķâ
Ҷһ䣬һ̵ô£ξϹս̵мңһһλ֪µĽüʵ⹦Ҵ󽫾µĴмңȻ˽ȴ̫⣬һصĻ˽Ҳֻͽ̾κεķݣأؾܵôң޴
ɹҧгݣܾ֮Ǹͽ
ҶЦξ׷֮£ɹҧгݵĳ¡
˽ѹٳ£⹦Ȼ֪϶Էѷ˲ֹһȴʾԥϡ
˵˶Ǵ½аͳ˧ۣ˽Ǵ½аĴҶЦҶ죬⹦ȻҲȴΪ󣬼ĩϯ߿νǿ⣬ʤԼ
ȻսϵʤȴԵ⹦ڱսı澡˽ȴһҪʤǱǷأ
ֹ˽½һһȫϣڷط棬һ˸Լʤ⹦ң
Ҷ⹦һۣ֮йоأȴ޷죬˫൱֮гǾص֮£ңҲ⹦Ұ֮ǳأ
۲νߣҶų޵оͳȴܸ⹦ۣɼ⹦ʵ
ߵսҲˣ˽Я֮⹦ʮأȻȴس֮ԲӦ䣬й޹ǰѹذصù
˽ǧƣ񹥣⹦ֻһζأŲսμգȴʼȵס
Ҿسǣ㲻Ҳȥ
ҳǸǽռ˵֮㣻˽ͨı£ȴҲƲҵء
ֻҪصסصȣ͸ɵûޣֻҪȥʤվҷģ
˽þְ취սյУ⹦ҾǲΪ
øְ취⹦ңá⹦ȻȲ
żγǽҲǰңػ֮ʱս˫ʤ
˽쳤̾˵⹦ңȻ⹦ңһ㹦Ҳռѵõĸҡ
˫óֲµʱߵڲȴǷıʡ
һλȻڰҹسǵʱնɱͬţ˳š
Ȼ⹦ҵĴʱͽһȫ𣬵˽ĴѾռһţ
˫չ˵սڳ
۹һǿ׳ռţҸڶࣻ⹦ҵȻƴսҲվܴ˽жسš
ۿȥ۹Ĵ⹦Ҳֻ÷ǳأˣϣͼپݵ㣬
˽ǳ⹦ҵĿͷѵôõƵôԸⷭڼ꣬Ϊһ̣
˽ƿνģ׷ݡ
֮ս⹦ҿνþֶȴʼ޷ѣֻ׳ʿʮϺ󣬻ȡʮˡ
һսɥʧ˻ݵأ۽Ԫˡ
⹦ұҲʮˣĽƣ
û˵ơǿɾݣ⹦ֻÿһأݵƲñչҰսȻ⹦֪Լس֮ԶԶٲ˽ĵ֣ӵסȴǱšֵܶһ죬Ͷȡһʱ䡯뷨ս


681 бܽѪ
˫ʹв࣬۹һֵϬ״֮£ܵڽڰˣò˵⹦һ治һ֮ܲңּҰֶδķزԣ˽չϬ
һصıͻȻذܾ֣ٶ֧Ÿһµĵ⣡
˫չ˵սۣ֮˽һ߾ĪĶһ֧ǿԮ
˵۹սͳ˧һ˽γй⹦ҵľơ
֧зԮĵ˫սİ޿ɱ⣡
һս⹦ۼԷǿԮ֪⣬Ȼһ˷ľһߣν⹦һ֮УǰδУһߣһ֮ߣվ֮ߣ
һߵݺܼ򵥣ֻյ룬Ȼذȫը٣Ϊȷܹɹյ룬⹦Լ£Ϊնսһ̡
˧ɹˣ⹦ҵȼըҩһ̣¾ޡ
ʯ٣
ɽΪ֮
ʮҴǹأ
Ψһ⹦еʧǡ
һȻɹ۹ʿȴû۹˽Լλе۹¡
ۣ⹦ȴȫ˴Ϊ֮»֣
һս֮󣬸˧ɹҧشŴ˽һ·һ·ˣһֱأ޿ˣ
ѾͨʸغĵԵشǴ˹һƣȻκ٣ҲҪ췦
ڵȴǣ۹ڹ⼯ȫͼ书һۡ
˵䣬ҶЦѾ챾ʮפء
;Ŀ˱нذ衣
ֻǣЩ˱Ȼһȱ֮һе飬ȴһƥƥڱԭ϶˵ǰ׺ݣ
֡ɱҲҪҧһڡĲƣҪôĵȥоܴÿһ˵ϣظܵ
һǽǣԼ˿ڣ໥æţĬţһԲ
ȴƺĳĳָо
ҶЦĿȴһϱ˱أڲϵðѪȻ˿ںȻȴֻ˺һҵİȥԺܱŤķʽ˸ᣬȻһֻץһߣҧסһߣ̧ͷݺݵһʣʱ˴յýģѪֹ
Ӷһ£ͷð˺һ£Ǻ۵ģȴ۾Ҳûգһ£ոհõŻһ£ȥԼߵĵҧгݵĻӶ£ĽԼߡ
ĿǽϣϢˡ
ҶЦȴףԲǿ˿Ѫֻα֮ЧЧܳ־ãѪҺۣһѪͻ˲ƣͻɸģĳѪʧѪҲпܣȻϱӣֻ·ǲֻ֪ǲΪˣģֻԸһһڣҵֻܶõ͹ˣ
ΪõɱУս
һжҪ⣡
ǣ۹ǲԮˣɹһԮҶԪ˧¾
ֵ˱һͻȻһȫվ
ĿƣҶЦķͬʱ¾
˵ʵڳأһһ˿ֱӾͱˣѪӿȴǱֱվţһ
һ˫˫۾עҶЦˣһԲ
ЩʬɽѪ֮ҴľˣڵУһеûκεľη֮ģ
ʲôְСʲô׹ݣʲô裬һУѾϡ
Ǵ˼ʹĵľֻһ¡
Ψһ£
λҶԪ˧˭ܴܲǣΪ󽫾
ҶЦӥĿ⣬ͷѪӿǣֻ˵һ仰һ仰ǣһǣָһǣΪ⹦Ҵ󽫾𣡡
໣
һĵ׵ĳȻе˱ͬʱٴ񣬷ըһźΪ󽫾𣡡
Ϊ󽫾𣡡
𣡣
þȫ仰ʮͬʱ˻ߡ
ֱʣǷݱ߲ҵƣͻȻϯһ㣬磡
ҶЦǰȫûκεĽԱͷβֻǼ̵һ仰ȴʹ˳շһｾģ
˼ô
ô
⣬ʵʵǣ
ξЩĵԼֶӣоԼòЩʶԼֶˡ
ھǵһΣ˵޼ɵΪ
һԺޱصĿİٶλѫӵܵԴȴӭ˵ײٵ⣺ɶɣǰݱﰲ帣ȴǹְߡΪΪôʲô
ˣĴ죡
٣ǷѰʿ⣡
оǣǵ군ҲʿӵְĻᣬôһܲһģ


682 Ȼ
һ˵˵棬ƵĽǶȣҶЦôѫӵܶɱοͨʿ
Դ֮ûκ˸΢һ¾
ǰӰ£һȺͷβں֮ھ̵ʱ֮ڣ˵ķһ֧Ѫʦ
һ·о֮Ѿ𽥳͡
֧ӵսΣڻһôȴԱǾǣֻҪҶЦҶЦ֧ȻʧȻսܣҲһӱ֣еıʿֻᱻɱͶܣ
޹ĳ˵˸ֻΪһ仰Ǿ仰
أԾֻһ仰
Ϊ󽫾
һ仰һŵıʹ֮еĽշ
ΪģٲеڶͷҵܻܲŻȥҲˡľֻһ
ҶЦɴĸŵ
Ҵȥ
Ԯ֮˧
˱нǲмӵλҶ˧ͳ죬ǲ͹£
仰ǰв֮߶֮飬죬ȴһǾձʿ֮ģ
λֶӣòƲ򵥰ξ°ͣ૵νȮӣ־˰ɡ
ɹҶЦһĳŵҲǿĴţͬͻȻжǧصһ㣬òƶʼЩƮˣǿԼξȥһ˵룬ҶԪ˧룬롭棬Ѿ׼˷ˣȻªǡԱûģǵģʲôҲ³Է
˿첽ߣһ·ϡ
ɹξһߣʵ֣ؾۣɳСλҶԪ˧ʲôˣôšʵҲҪղһ֣Ϳɼһˣֶκ˵ѽһô᣻ԴҲ벻ǳʵ۹˭Ӣţ˲á
ξ佱ҶЦȴɣֱȿ佱ԼҪüЦ˵ߣ㵹ЩؾɵҲ룬ҶԪ˧ʵ۹˭ҶߣҴҶ죬˭óôӢ˵õĶӣȴҶĶӣ˭Эͬս
ɹһŴ죬ɴ۾
죬ŲŵĳԲۡΣ㲻ǿЦɣҶ˧ҶĶҶЦǸ˵֮лԵ޶޳ܣ¼ųƾֳƾ֮׵ġǸҶЦ
ɹŵģֱܹһһֻ
ҶЦĴεǣ˿ڣ˲֪ˣ
˵еľ֮ףʢ飡
ξʶķ˰ۣݺݵصɹŭ˵ô֪ɶӢ۶úⲻֳĻ˰棡
ɹһɼ⣬˲ʱðˣȥôӢ۶úԼֶʲôԼ֪ģȻԪ˧Ѿĵɵأ˭ĳȶӾ⣿ʵ۱¾ôͬˣѵ˵ǴҪ˼ô˸գҪ潫ʮֽ֤þ⣡
ƴƴľôһ³ҲɵģƮİףԮԭ˳£Сӣеܸɵóȹ
Ȼ츱˧˾ǶҶЦΣ
Ҫǳͷβ׵ףްҵ֣
ֻ˵˿̵ɹоһƬۣոշôϣ˲ʱתΪ
Ȼη壬֮УոеϣתȻ͵֪ϣʵǼֻߵľ
Ϊ˾ǣȻ֪˵ʵôһ׹ĸ竡
ֻԵļһ±쵼ָŴ̡
Ǿ˶Ҫñ
ôĺˣѾĶƨǸƨξ״صһۣѾĿ֪Ѫְôô
ɹܻ˵Ѫ˲𰡣ΪϲѪôսɶֵǮֵǮѪûУҪŪףŲգգ۸һǧ棿ԴỤ̋ѾΪǺ˲ôţѪŪ棬ܻˣޣ
ξ׹˵ɹû뵽ѾļûСڵĿԽԽˣ˵ܸһǧİѾҪô˵
ɹۼξ׹棬ȴԲʾͬξǿҾ˵һǧİΣš֪ѾΪʽȱӳǸֶ֮⣬˭ţƶҸŪһǧ죬ŸôɣޣʲôͣǽСţ磬ˣǹ磬ξѾа㣬ûѾ泤ˣȻḯһңҽʶξˣ


683 ķڷ
ξԾһ㶣βŷӦȴЦɹСӲͼȻˣˣҲϻˣҲøһǧ죬ޣ춼ҼЦСǰѪֻҪһģӽԣ˵ϴֶˣֻأûհô죡
ɹȻŭǻξˣŭȵҪ죬ֻҪѪкѣ˵ɣСжѪɣƶҰ첻ʦ٣ʮǶʮˣϧ̣ʲôȱѪȱŪҪŪӽӣɲɣ
ξɹķסǽжˣ׵ĸ㣬ǰϵѪĿίʵ٣Ϲİʮˣ
ɹһ㶣ŵĵʲôֶӾȻý죿ǿѪжֶӵΪֱǸҵĵأҪΪٺöɱѩޣ
ξ۾ѹɹ۾棬׺ݵޣȻҪЩ˱ѩޣˣ˵ɣʵ㣬İʮ˶Ȩӵܣ㲻᲻֪ӳÿһЩѫӵܶںɣȺ˵ѪȾģ
ɹ۾˲ʱûۿţƵֱ۾ǲŵĵξ㡭ղ˵ɶ˵ϵѪЩÿҼһ֮Ļ˵ѪȾɵģ˵Цô
ܺЦɡξĿɹûЦһˣΪЩѫӵܣѾλʳ¯Ҷ˧Żʵ۱ºٹٵ棬ȫˡһûʣûۣʱͷҹһٶλдԱ˹ȥ
ɹ۾һεɳͭ壬ۿǰ°Ҫ۾ٳȥˡ
ʵ̺ܼ򵥣ǿͷ֮ǰ׼˰죻׼˴ףһ֣䡭һ׵ѪֶҶ˧ץһֻʣմѪдϵ֣Ȼûʵ۱´УֱӴŴ
ԲۣɹǵŻʵ۱ɵģ
ǰξͷ
񲻻ǵӵĸ׵棿һɴ󳼣ɹ۷ֱ
ϻ϶ǰξͷ缦ס
һûɹоԼ۱߸ˡ
Ƿϻһǰ
Բۣ竾Ȼôͣ͵ֻһ£ɹֱͶˡ
Ϊ£ԼӾԲ
ҲǸѣ
˵ϻôطϻƪξ˵Ҳ˭ֶӣ
ɹĵĿξôǷϻأһ˼Ҷֻ˵Ҳ˭ĶӰɡ
ξҪ˵ɹҧгݣҾ;Ƿϻôΰɣ˭ֶӶûأ
ɹȻԶԣã첱Ӵֵ˵˲𰡣λȥӣü
ξȻ
üüô
ɹȻϢ𶯵òᣬƣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ߣ;÷ˣ㣬Ļں档ξƲƲ죬֪̫ɣ
֪ô֪ϼһĶӣԭҲھ𣿳ǰϦȴǽӵ־ɹĵƲ죺ǵ͵̰˵
һΣ̫ĶҲˡξȻأڴ֮ʱ̫Ӳ֪Ҷ˧ǰҪָλҶ˧·ϲֱƤҲûգһ£û˵ôѹ˹ȥȥ֮󣬻к˲ʱλ̫ȳˡţ治࣬ﻹеأỹʣ¡ô˵أˣǸʲôͬϲڴȥ֮ͬˣ
ҡɹβɴֱۣû˰죬ȴ˵֮󣬲šաһԲۣҲڻʵ۱ǰɵģ
ξһҲǣ
ɹ۾һ̫ˣ̫ˡˡ˸ݡôôأ
ξһг˲мζ
ò˵°ĻͦĵģɹЦԭͳҲһ߽ࡣֻ漴üͷҶ˧һεǵ䣬ԺӣֻҪѹˣûù
漴̾ˣǳסһʱ
ղŻڶҶЦɣȴҶЦ
ξһ˵֮ǾҪˣ˭ʲô䣬ǲߣκεôˣЩͷ۵⣬ǲء
ɹȻΪξĻȻҪ뿪ȥﰡţ˼˵ҪǹӴ˲ã


684 Ц˭
ţ˼ɣξͷǴ뿪ֲԼҲڣô˸ʲô浱ɵѽ
ɹٶȻòŵԭˣԵԵ
ξǺЦС찡пˣôѪ֣Ūһҿ㲻˶࣬ѪôҲİʮѫӵܵѪŪѫӵܵѪҾأôӹȰɣ
ɹҡͷ磬Ҳ˵ֵ¸ûѫӵܣҲҶְǸԻô
ξǺǣԣаɱ˲ͷأػܳŴأܵðѶע˰ɣ
ɹ۾һУٺЦϸ磬⻰˵ãֵܻŶôϷԣϷԶѣ
ξʱϷԣƨϷԣϽŵԣӣԸķ䣡
ɹҾθ磬׸磬ϵ۲ʶɽɵ治˵ôҾǸɶɶϷԣҵϷôͰҵɶв׸磡
ξۼĳ˶ɶˣȻҲͻˬķŹĳˣϾδܼؽ纣СǼƽ̫࣡
ǽɹغþթһ⡭

棬¡
۹ӪС
۹һͬʱǵ۹˽üͷ塣
˽ʮ꣬ʮӣò񳣬˿̣ңңسͷ
ȴ˵ʵ۹Ԯؾô죿ԶԶ֮ǰԤУ˵ڳڲ飬ǵ΢ûͳ󽫣Ψһܵѡֻгʹ챾ѣʱȻ磬޿ôѸٵĸϸô˻˭أ
ҷڳʵ۹İ׮ûϢⲻ
ʵźʻʵ۱´ּҶЦΪ˧ϢȻʱ죬Ϣֻø߼ŵ֪ν֪ҶЦ֪٣Ԯ輱ĵҹ̣ƴĸ·ЧʣίʵҪһ鱨ϵͳ֮ϣԱҶЦͳԮ۹Ǳ׮ȴûнϢݹΥ״
˽ߣһϮ£죬񻣬ɫ磬ɴ˳ҲǿųͷҲ鱨ϵͳʧʱ֪Է˭Կ϶ǳʹɣ֮Էͳ֮ǶôҴӶԷԮжϣ֧Ԯ಻ʮǱˮнۣΪ
˽صɴ⡣ʿ֮ã󾫲࣬ӸղһźУȻԭ⹦ҵĲںУԮͳ֮˾ܹ֮ʣôбܽ쳹Ƶĺʿ֮ģѾ֤ܲ򵥣
ս˽һһȫԴͨʿľϿóֻһźҾܹоһģһУһѿӲͷ
ǲöԸģ˽üͷۡ
˳ͷ
һ㣬ԮȻִ˧컹ûѵǴҶĿ˼ȴ³ˣ˽ųͷȻЩ⡣
⹦þģλԮͳ˧һȡģڸ˧졣˳
˵Ҳ˵ֻͨ˧죬ǲǱǵȡΪȣ³ˣΪˣ
˵ʱͻȻ˽Է˧ˡ
˵ݺƽ֮е飬Ȼ˵ȴ֡
¶ƺǿʲô˼
˽˳²֮࣬Լͬĳ̧ͷȥ
ĿȻ˵ĳȣҲ̲ס۾Ȼһģֵɫ
ֻϣһȽȽ
ĺܴͨ˧屶ôķкչ
˵ƷǷ
ȻӷǷȴ˧ʵء
˧Ȼһ桭죡
ۼһĻһʱºܶ˽ﲻ
Բۣʲôûɣ
ˣô죿ƣѵǴҪͶô
ӴộûŰսġǡ˹ˡ
˵Ҳǣ졭ףϻ֣
ԼˣֻǾù󣬿Ǿ̫ԶˣͿҹҲдͶɣ
춼ˣдͶʲôģ⣡

˽ɫֵעųͷƮģĿԪΪǿȻһ۾Ϳдݡ
Цӣ˽Ϊ죺ڳʾһʱ䣬λЦӵĴ֪˭𣿡


685 ɣ
˳Ҳһͷˮǲ֪ƺû˵ôһλЦӰ
ϸһ£ʲôиЦĿӦڳʵ۹һҪ֮У˽ܹôƺģǴ֮󣻴ǴҹϣҲвš
š֪ʵ۹֮Уٻºˣֻһ˵ĶӣиЦ֡˳һ˵ҶĶӣҶЦ
˽һ˫üʱ
ҶЦҶĶӣ˽һôֻ¾Щ鷳ˡ
˳⻰ô˵
Էͳ֮ǳʷκ˵ĺᶼνɱҲɱˣ˫죬ν֣ԷҶĶӡȴһɽ󡣡
˽Цһ˵ҶĶӣνǵĽڡӦô˵Ҷˣǵе۹Ľڡ
ԻնۣȻñƽδһܣȴʼջһˡ˽˵նܻϵģҲܻʧ֮աұţԾʤնǣҶȴһ
ҶųƳʾȴǱۣñս޲ʤ޲ˣָӾӣʹָֹǳһľ񣬵Ϊʵ顣˽ȻҶĲֹܽھ·棬߲ɵȴὫ֮Ϊɣ֮ԱΪɵĸԭȴĸʵϵ޵С˼񻰣
ҶٶзƸ¥ƺĻֻ³һͳ½ˣȻ˵ĽҶ죬Ҷ챾˵ĽɱҶЦ곽ʵ۾ܹ֮õҶȫԵɵ곽ԳʴҩʱҶЦΪȫ
֮Ķʲôˣô۹Ƿܹ˳ʵ۹ãҶ˵Ŀֱֲǲݣ޿κεʵǣ۹ܿҶĸ˱
ԣɶҶ챾ˣҲԸҶĶӡһԴСʤ֮䣬̫֣࣬Ҷ죬Ҳʤ㣬ӣȴʤϣɱɱĶӾ档
˽һ̾ûŹرһ˵㲻ػȥôǻ߻ԽʦŵƺҶ죡ڣ໹϶ĸ¶ѣô齫鷳鷳ˡ
˳к޿κΣҿԳ֮ǰɱҶ죡
˽ŤͷԼֶŮãѾͷȻʵǿѾΪ֪룬벻ҶĶ֡仹֮дɱо˧ոʦѾûں½һ˹ѳ¡
ҡ㵱ܹõҲȥġ˽˵ʼ׽ս㸸Ըң⣬ս£ҲϣðղɱҶ졣
֮ľսֻб˴ˣҶ£ԹҶǰУҲӦûź֮˳նɱԼҶоսǿΪʤ룬ҵѵ֮ȣ
˽ȻһЦ׽׽һ֮棻ıƣ䣬߹˼ü䣬սɱݺ¶ȵȣб޳ֶܵΣǶãΪǵս
ͺñ⹦ҵһսƽĶۣ֮ǿҵǲУԵ͵ŵĻҪߣްգԵ׵üƣʤ˾ʤˣҵʤ֣ɱ⹦ңȴǳõֶ֮Σʤ֮䣬ʤ
Ǿ˵ǵְǵҫһƬսϡ˽˵ңնսǧɽԾɻҶ죬Ѿȥ⹦ңʲô֣Թ޻ڣǣնɱΥǵĻǵ𶼲ġ
ǾˣǲƼܳϣܸ£ƬսǵģԶԼֶսʲôа
ǿԣҶĸۣͿԴɱǧٴΣŶԣ׾٣練ƣҶ첢ûôҲûô
˽˵ԣҲô
£֪ذܱ
˽ųͷϵİ죬ԣʵ۹ʱ˿̳һУʵЩɣȻԣûа취еİ취ǸС
˳زΪЦǸɫͳ˧أνӢ۶úҶЦȻϸսǺаյģ


686 
˽Цһ˵ۣѵ֪ҶЦǸʲôɫôаɫĵطͱڳʾֶˣα˵֮ԡţ˵
˳ΣЦӴ˼Ѿ˽ΪԮͳ˧жԣҶĶӼȻսôһˣûбݣǰһƬҾɱҶҲ˵ʲôһԣҶЦǰģô
˽һȻһ𣬵ˣҶЦˣҶҪҵҲǳ죡
ȥ峿ս󣬽λЦӣλǣ𳽻ʵ۹Ĵ˵˽һһɨ֮ǰ⡣
˧һ£ͬӦͣ
һɽХһĺ¡¡
ֱ𵴵ĳ
ձҶЦһ׳źɵü⡣
֮ʦ
ʣİսܷ죡
ǷſնϵɷԼǹ׳һսƣش֮͸
ִֻҶЦ˵һ䡣
ЦӶԴ½ϯ˽ĵһۣ
ɹ̵ĺ⣬˴󽫾Һ޲ýʬΣɱҪɱȫ棬ɱţ
ҶЦĿɹ츱˧ִˣսɳǾ˵ȻǾˣս֮ϣǾֻй𣬺˽˶Թ⹦Ұܸ˽³򣬷ս֮˧սҲǾ˵ޡǿĿսȴܱ˵뷨
ɹ߷Ȼ˵Ҷ˧û֮ʹ˵ôȻֻеսߵսˣɥˣŻֳޣԶ޴ӻ⡣
ҶЦô룬ֻǸ˧
սսսսĹ򡣡ҶЦ̧ͷĿɹ֮һֱûдﵽ⹦ңնĸ߶ȣһУȱսͳ˧ؽȣһ죬⹦ң˽սǧɽǸ˼ôҲǵˣ
ɹȻһ̧ͷҶЦҪ˵ʲôȴʼû˵ڡ

ڶա
̫ո¶ͷϼһɨصʱ򣬲ǹ⣬ǳʵ۹һӣ۹һľӣǲԼͬĺŽǳ
˲˵ĸо
˲䣬춯ǳʵ۹ʮԮУ۹İ໥Ĵһк
漴عرõĳ򿪡
һ
ȫԱһֻòһǧ˵Ĺģ
֮߳Ȼͣסǰơ
ֻ˵ƥڳǰС
ҶЦξ䡣
ƮƮѹûװκμУԼ˵ˣ̤Ҳơ
ξһ£һ£ɫľȻҡ
λ˹֮ЦҶЦϴ΢Ц°ۣɫ˱ٷӢ˼㡣
ô԰ɫȻ벻⡣
ͬһʱ䡣
۹ӪһţӪŻ򿪣ͬ
һˣɫۣϣƳףۣϣҲһ佫һĿȻѧ
ģһߣɫľȻĿ񳣻ۿ֮䣬Ȼ
Ҳ࣬ȴһŮһϮ£ãְɴüԶɽĿˮµһƥɫսǰҲ˸оһʵá
˳
ҶЦէˣĿⲻһ°ЦЦ
벻սϾȻҲѾͷ
ȴδ꣡
ߣ۹ս˽ôҶЦϣɫϲĿֱͬȥ
Ǳ˧˽ǳʾҶ콫ĹӣҶЦ
ҶЦ΢΢̧°ͣ˽˧ʽͨ棬վǰģǳʵ۹·Ԫ˧ҶЦʲôҶ˧Ķӡ
˽ɫһ࣬˴ίʵǱ˧ĴҶ˧
󣬾վսϣİһۡҶЦ絶˽Ҫ׼ˣҪԩ
˽һЦȻе̤սǷȱֱ仰˧ͬͻҶ˧㣬ұ˴˻㣡
ҶЦЦһ̬ſ֮
˳ԴӶλЦһĪطһֶ֮ϤĹо
ڴ֮ǰԼ߶λЦӵ֮жţȴίʵûۼġ
ôĵ׵ϤоȴǴӺζģ


687 㣡
˽һƫ֮£ȻҶЦԱߵξͫ΢΢һֽ٣þò
ԭλҲˣ
δܼ£֮ǰɹǣ˽Ҳǡ
Ҷ϶֡
ξٺһЦǺþòˣһһգսײϣ
˽һЦû뵽һΪ㵱ܼˣҶڴڴˣҲӦ֮⣬Ϊ֣ҴСˣ
ξһӾԸ⵱ܼңܲǵҵĹܼңֵõߴôƨӦ֮⣬㻹ǰ˼ѣһĶֲҡξһͣϸϸĿ㣬αܵģ½ϯʵҲûˣ
˽˿Ϊ裬һŵЦˣѣܳ棬Ȼʧȴֻʧ
ξÿɷĺһȴû
˽ֽעŵϣλǣ
仺̧ͷؿһۣȫ޻ӦִĿ⡣
λ񣬾ǲǣֻмһˡ
˽һ˿ϴʹͬһ£Ҳ͵ؼһʱ˵Ī
һиӦĻֻ˽ˣ˽ߵ˳Լ߶͵ĺëը
ߣԭ鵭Ȼƺ˭ҲУܳѵĿһ̣ȴȻоһɳǺ
ƺǴڻĽ֣ǳ滢ɱ
ʱɥĲоѪҲһ˲䶳ᡣ
̧ͷ䣬ٴС
֮ǰĵȻѣȻ޴棡
ȻΪעӵ䣬ɫ֮ǰһ壬ϵӣͺҪ˯ˡ
˽ߵλ֣ȻʵҲԪƷ۷֣ǣԣ廹˽ô󣬱һҲǲϹ˵ġ
ȫаգֻҪһܽλԪ۷ն£
ԣǷڣԣû壡
λԪ۷ûпξҶЦĸԭȴΪڵΪξҶЦĲΣ
ܹܵǿᣬΪ֮ȻʵĴ󣬵ͬԪξĿǰʵѾԪ֮⣬ȻܹʵܵģҶЦҶЦΪԪʵɱȴҪԪϣϢӲԲȵģ
ˣǿʵ˽˳ɫһ
𶯣Գȵ˽˵ҽʶǾˣ磬ĳֺҶ˧ı£ȴ֪Ҷ˧Ƿ紫һʢ顣
˵վͲתͷȵȥ
￥ô̴ؼ
˳ֻǱסȥƣתͷҶЦЩɻʵҶӣǲ
վģҶЦй֮ףϢӦԷǳ˿ɱȣ֮£֪ʲ˳
ҶЦӦûмɣǣ̬ȣԵüҶĳ᲻ǵã
˳ԺһĿƣͻڿնһץ
һ¹ͻأֻӰһ֮ʣѾȥǰ絶£ٲȻɱ
ҶЦ˵ֵĶȴ䣡
״һ
Ȼ˽иͬʵԶԼ˽֮ϣ˵ʵνۻ𣬵˳ʵȴȫ㲻ôһεεĹȻЩʵҲȻ޵ýʼգûע˳⣡
û뵽ǣεεĹȻһλز¶ľ֣һʵǿòƱԼΪҪߡ
ֻΪ࣬ûз֮ܣ
ǺεˣȻȻ⵽ȻߴϣþеڵһʱӦȻ֣зˡ
Ӱ
һѽһУһ֮ȻǧӰӵһ㷴˶ϡ
һαͻȻϮ䲻˼ľǱܵóֵķ
˳һԭǰˣԼˣһһ֮䣬ȫжϣתȻ
ƥϬӰȫȻ䵽˿մȫЧ
һգһôΥ͸УԪ΢΢һϣãԼȫȻʧŮǳ϶ٹԼܹܣȴ䵽ȫ·֮У
ǿһӲƴһеʱȴȻǹﲻˡ
ˢһ죬˳ȻصԼսϣĿ䣬Уģ䣬֪㡭


688 ˭
һ֮࣬Уµһɱ䣬ȻһĹУܼ
˳һԼȰգĿתٶȿҶЦιһ仰Ҳûж˵ڲתͷƮƮȥ
Ȼ뿪֮ʣǷõʣȴԾǲֺ
ҶЦע˳ƮȻȥӰȴ˳۱ϱ߼ʵһȦϸ΢ü
˿̵ҶЦһ¡
˳ƺǴʲôɫʲôʽۣǳۻǳȹֻ磬°һȦϸСĻƣǴûиıġ
һŮӶԣֱǲܵ飡
˳Ϊʲôʼղ䣿
ҶЦϸϸ˼⣬ܸоʲôԼԺУȴһʱ벻
һλԹξȴǺеһ࣬ң˳ȥķ򣬵ѵѾͷ۹Ĺ£
ҶЦӦþˡ
һߣܼȻɫ䣬һκˮѾ
ֻΪ˵ܹᣬ˳ɵĿֲѹ
һ̣伸Ѿо֣
ԼӦ߿ǼʱǹԼĿԿô
𰸣
ֹۣǳĲֱֹۣǱۣ
ξأѾͷֻղʹõĹĪ⣬䲻һһ֮䣬ûпĻӦǡ֮һƮƹ񹦣
ģʽƮƹе·
ЦЦλ۹¿ɲ򵥰򲻿ɵġξ˳ıӰ˵
ҶЦٲΣڵĳ̶ȣƲϵĶ֣νɵ̫࣬ԼŻԼ
ЦһӪ
˿̵ҶЦǹ̬ίʵоЩЦ
˽ԭòƴ˵ʲôģ˵ʵǿ֮ȴѡ˻ˡ
˽УӦôԱصһ档Ӧ˵ǼȽһ档
Ȼˣо̣ͱȻȱּðյ
ʵ⹦ҵĹսԼΪֹĹԽϣѾɼһߣ
⹦ұüƣ߼ƣ˫óһ浹̬ƣռƵ˽ȴδһ⹦ң˳Ԯ˫սһʧ⣬⹦ֻ˽ʱĽŲ⹦Ϊƴ֮˽ǲòƽ֮ûչһǿӲƣĲȡ͹ɹͳʵвֲ֧ҶЦԮҲ˿Ѿ򵽳ʸˡ
˽ݽСģܹʤܣȾӴ½ϯڣ
ܣȻʤѷһȴܹúĻҪأ
ֽСĵ˼˶սӦأ
ҶЦüͷ˼š
һ·תȴֵĲȶǸоԼƺһ˫۾ڶԼ

˳һ·ص־ӪֻоԼһļҪ˳
Լһ·ǡӡġ
Ϊʲô
˽ֵؿԼֶŮͨ죬˼ֱǺһ˼ɹе˵ôˣ
ҡ˳Ȼһ£æ˵û£ܺð
˽ˣû£ܺã㲻ǲ˰ɣﲻ˵ǧ򲻿ɻ伲ҽ
ûвҡʲôû롣˳˵˵ýͰͣ״ΣȴΪ˿̵黹һŷ֮Уҡ
ԼҲ֪ԼᵽЩʲô
˽üͷû׷ʣֻ·Ըȥ͹»ȥϢ
˳Ůˡ
һֱصԼ˳ԾɸоԼһŷĵȻûֹͣļȫ벻Լôġ
Ծɼ١
ЩãȻ˴ϣֻоԼͬһ
䣡˾Ȼµһɱ䣡
ҶǸЦһĪϤо
ԷȻ䣬ôڴ˵鱦ĵ£ȴҶЦߣζʲô
۵׵ǷݷӣǷ𾴣ȴ˼ٵġ
䣬Ҳһκ˶ܹշˣഫƸ¥γˣԱܾǸЦҶЦȴ֮ܽߣѰζ
֮˳ǷҳһУǿϢ
֮ǰԼ̽Ϊ֮̽Ȼʱĵ׶ȴǲ޶ٹ˼ɣȴȷ֮󣬾Ͳֻʶأ
ɵôᣬȷǰȷ֮Լаѹƴˣ֮ȡ£Ҳ£
ôԼڹ˼ʲôԼӦã̽һô̽һǸҶЦֻһξ
ԼΪʲôûأ
Ϊʲôôֻʶˣ
ǲӦõģ
ѵҲң


689 Ӫ
˳̱Լϣ룬һ㯣޷ѽ⡣
֮裡㵽˭ݡʲô
֪֮ݣĿ֮ҲԲʵݣ
ô㵽˭
˳ͷлһʱԼҲ֪ԼʲôķΧʲôҲɣô˼ã󾹾ôڴϣ˯˹ȥ
ֻϡоԼƺһΡ
Уλƽٶ֣𲽵Լӽ
ֻǣ޽ӽ֮󣬾һӱýüĿӢ
ǿݣλҶĶӣЦӣҶЦ
˳ʶľһʹ˴о˹ȴأԴڴڵĴŴ
䰲õŮһæôˣ
˳ԴڴڵĴ˼ںһˮŴϢԶԼƽʵʲôʱˣ
Ѿʱ֡ŮЩĵĿ˳£һ˯ʱ
ʱô˳ЦһʵǸ㲻Լôˣ
˵ƽ˯ߣԼѲҪˡ
ȻƣֻۣҪʲôҲͶָˡ
ǿԼ˯ҲͲһʱʱѾǼޡ
ؽȻһӾ˯ʱ
ʱ˯ʱ䣬ĵ顣
˯ʱ䣬ûҰɣ˳˵
ûСúϢκﶼýŹЪŮɵĻش
š˳һ˳˼֮С
˳Ůţ˵㶫һ߳ԣһ߻£ȳٷɫȻʱƵʱ֡
ô˼š
ֹãŮҪ˳ȥʱ˳ͻȻʵǸʵ۹ӽûз𣿡
ŮЦЦ¶ˣǱϹٶ֮ޣʵ۹вԮҲʮӡıܹ࣬һʱ͸͵ЦﻹҷǵⲻѰ·
˳˵޳ƣս޳ʤɴ⡣
ȴ㣬űȻֻڹء
ͷŸո
ͻȻһХ漴һȻ죬ţڵ಻
˳һ㶣ѵ
оӪˣ
һ̿־ĴУ쳹ʡ
ոպڰգɷǼ
ǳĴ
ͬʱ㣬һ㣬˴Ӫ
һëȻĺȻɱ֮۹Ӫ֮Ѹ
˳ܹ˽ڶȻǽյ룬һټ𣡡
⣡˳һԾ
һĳ
֪˽Ӧκεжʧ
ʵϣԾųɾžŵ˵ʱȷġ
һٶ˶зʮĴҶԷ޿ȫֻҪңǾûʧܵĿܡ
ʱ˿̣ƾͼƣյ۶֮ʺϵսԡ
սԶκεʹãȴ־Բڵǰˣ
İ취ԸڵĵˣֻԴܣȡ
ΪǰЩ֮У̫̫ġ֮ɫĶɱ֣
ˣľ鱦ȺɱֵĻ
Ǿ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪κһɱ֣ģҪӵһаٵǿʵһȺѰʿƥУǸǽսɱɱ
˳½ǻ֮̿ӪʣһʮɣһӰ˽˧ڵλóȥ
˳ΣµһɱԼǰҪһܣˡ
鱦һɱȫԱΧԼԼҲаջɱһ֮󣬴ߣԼΪѾ½Ϊ޷룬ܷӳս㲻ƾ˶ƺģ
ȴܲԼĻ˽鱦Ⱥɱֵ˽⣬һɱ֣˽˽Ƕ֣
ԼԲηһȺǿ׳ϣԼ岻УΪҲϣһǲ̫ǿ׳֣
˳μӣȴԶԶȥֻӪŴһɫϺƲɵ̬ǿг۹Ӫ
һϵĽӪֻᷢҹһҪҹʱ֣賿֮ǰ
λЦӣȴȫشֳ档
Ȼѡɫողڵʱ򣬾ͷһϮ
ǿѼϮ
һòֻԹݵĽӪ˽оһæңһҪǾ⡣
Ҳʵ̫Ϊ˰ɣ
ֻǣǷ񵨴ΪȴǼʼǵģΪǿʵΪҲͲеΪǵϸҸأ
ʱ˿̣һϮսһպ˵Ŀ񵶣ǿƲԼľӣ֮һʼʱȻγɴݿࡢ̬ƣ


690 Ϳһ̣
ڵӻǱսѣЩ˾ȻȫȻܲˣֻһ˼һ֮ȥ
˵ĸоǡȻƺҪֱ䴩
쿪
˵Σ
ĳҲڱ
˽Լ߼λ϶ǳı顣
ǰľӪһ˸䴩ˡǻֱһ鶹Ҽһͷײˣ
ҶǾþսÿˣ̶ֻ̳ȣܴжϳһˡ
һ̫ĳ롣
˿ֻ̾һѾжϳԷԼ˶ˡ
䲻⣬㵹ˣúϧϮ̫١˽ĿŷҵսκвϮݾأԱС
ˡһλĿֺĽ̤ǰһ˧ĩսȫڵ£
˲һվսʱը˹ҲǷ׷ս
²ٴʱ˽Ŀ⿴ս׷֮ỹӦʵǷΪۺսǲǣȫ޼սԣΪǣν΢֪֮ǰ̫ǣ̫߹ҶЦô
˵УӰһ˳Ѿվ˽ߣһľ衣
ôˣ˽Ŀ˿˳ֻС棬ôʲôɺЩô
˳ǿЦЦû
ȴ˵
Ϊ֪ǸˣԼǸˣô飬;ԲʲôС棡
մߵ飬ǾĴ£
ڼĪǣ
˵䣬ֻѾĵ˴һзս棬ǳ
˵һͷٲսʱȥ
һͻıʸӳϡ
˭Ҳ벻һڡ硢޿ƥĳ彫ȴֻǶ˼پʬ壬Ҫˡ
ʲô˵
֮䣬ټ˽֮ǰǵͨ·Դ󿪣˴˿̺󷽲ûмʱΧȻ׺ɵؾͳ嵽ԯ֮
˿̣һҹбһǰ۹ľӷһƬҽ˵ϱųѪ⣬Щǰ֮·һӴͨ
һ߰ǧˣôһȥ
֮У˴Ц˽Ƚȥɸ׷ô
¡¡ʱһ㼱裬һ㣬нԶ
ֻ۹Ӫ֮У·ǽ壬ԼЩƲסʹ
ͻأܵı仯һδĳԤ֮С
ôĳǰǰֻǳôһ£תˣ
ʲôս£
ƻҲûγɣѵֻΪ˸ɧţ
ҷ˽ˮһֶǰֿ͸ĸоţԷôһȻ⡣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôʵڹ죬½дϯ˽Ҳ벻ͨƣ˼ס
оһսԲô򵥡
λҶ˧ôϡͿĴֵ̣ĵԼ֣
һսóϣȥͬϣһ˵ҲҴңȥҲҴң治֪ǸʲôˣֱͺåŹ˲͵ϮһӣһþͣȾܣܻ㣬Ҫ˽ռˣò˵ӽЦӲһΪΣ
ǾսڼճҾɳ֣Ȼеᳵ·
һ˶ѸٵĴɨս˳ͳơ
˧Ҿսʿǧһʮˣ߰ʮˡһǹٴ棺оʬǧŰپʮߣûߣûߡ
˽ɫʱЩѿ
˳϶ԼӪȻռͻȻϮϵıˣԼ߿ӵȫ׼ݴͣ˫ྐྵôĴ
Լ߼˶Էһϵۣ
Ŵ˧ѿɫԱߵһλСȰԷˣȫǾ֮ʿѰʿɱȣҷԶ࣬Ҳ֮Уϸ˵ҷռˡ
ƺھԼضĽ˵һ˼صա
ʵλ˵޵۹ʿڣѰʿЦӲϮ־Ǿ֮ʿһ㣬˫ͲͬնҪǣ۹ıԶϳʵ۹Ϊ࣬ԶһҲǻģ
ʸ˧֮гֵĽ٣ɳ֣β׸Եɣǽ֮ԣͷ
Ψ˽ŭȳһɺԣǱĶǾѵ˧¾ȫһҷɣ


691 ɱ
λԾͷһԲһɫǵͨ졣
˧ô˵񲻾˵ȫǾҷô
һ߾ʬ屻̧һߡ
зߵʬһȥԼ˵ʬһߣſ
˽ϼעĿȥһ̾
ߵߣ˼ȫؿλãܹҪ֮ǳ沫ɱ˹ǿУҷʿûһǶǺģǵΪе֮
˽ĿʹĿǰʬ壺зʿϣһϵˣҾ𶼼ڱԶ׼ҷʿǲ͵Ϯ㣬⧲²ܹ֮ɱ˱ʿ澫񡣡
зӵһ֧ȫ˾ʿɵľӣȴǿɾɲ¡
壬Ҫǰˡ˳̤ǰһס˽թ
˽״üͷԼľӪ֮лʲôթԣ
թȡ˳ųʾӵһʬ壬Ŀɭ֮࣬ʹ˸ɫ
Աһλһ֮£˸ȥ
ϸٴ
һ̣ʬ֮УͻȻʮӰͺթʬһֻһ˲䣬Ѿγʮһ㼱ĺӰһ޴ìͷӸ˽߼й
һ˲ıҸ˾ʧɫ
ԷȻôһ֡
ԷɸǧҲҪһδɱ
˳¶ŲмЦ֪һ֣Ҫ׳нô˵Σ
Ӱһ˳Ȼ˽ǰֻӵйһǵâʹȥ
˽˻÷겻͸֮ܽ࣬һţʮ˵ȥ
Էʮթ֮ɫӲĿɭȻۼ󽣹ǵ˺ϻһչˣ˿⡢ң볤һ˷粻Ҫγ崳˳֮ܽУ˲ʱѪֿգȾ졣
˵Ѱ·˵ȴȫ޼ֵ˳ĽȻεĺεܣ˵Ĳ֮ڳ
˳ʱһȻһ仯Ԥ֮⣬Ԥ֮УȻǾ֮ʿǺݽɫʵʵǺǿǿҲֻԪ׶ѣԼһȻ֮ܽߣˣҽ˾شаյģǵȫ˱ܷأȫ̲֣Ȼ˽ȴߴ
˳Ծ˾ʹݵĻаϵֿȫˣ
Ȼʵٶȳ˳Ԥ֮⣡
˳ĽһӰͻȻ٣ʮɳĽֱն˽
˳ǿʵԷԲ壬ȫ⣬ǲĳԣɱ˽
ò̫ǿһɣ
ϧıʵȴôǿ
˽ߵλԪŭһֶ
ۣ
λɱֱһʬ屻ԶԶ˳ȥһĽҲ֮ɢδκεɱˡ
˳ôһеĸһŭ״ĺų˽Ǿþ֮ˣ侪ң岽Ѿ˼Ⱥ˼ʻɱ޿ܡ
ʣµ߰˸ɱۼ²ΪͻͬʱХһʸһŴӪɴܡ
ʱ˻ܣ˳һ£ż
ɲǼ䣬ͻȻ
ȴʸɲǼƬ߿ա
ڷӵ߸֮Уʱ˱˴⬣صȴ˷ˣתڿն
˴ڰлͲҲƵƥ⣬Ǹһķɳ֮⣻һļʸ׷˷䣬˾Ȼôһ·ݺصĳ˳ȥ˳ȥ
˳ۼ˼ѣĿһȻһ˲ѾһƬɫ籩ݡһ˳ȥ
Ȼ˳ȥһ˲ڵϵȺʵ۹ʿʬ֮УͻȻһ
һչֳƣ˻绯ǵص
嫽ǿƥķ籩â䣬ܱ֮е˽
һһһ˸߹һˣȻڰ֮Уһ˧չɱ
ûпܣûпܣͻǿһϮ˽Σ
˳߲ŸոճȥͼʱоЩԣͷһ֮ʣһƬѤ˵ҫ۽⣬٣̶ɲǣʮȥʿڽзֱȫʬ


692 
˳ŭһ͵۷
Ѫⱬ֮У嫽˿βҫۣƲɵʵ˽ͻƷһ޻أ
ֻǣ˽ߵһȴѾӦ˹˽ļ˸Ͳñȥмȥôһȥضȥ
ʵΪϮ߹̫ӱȻвǾ壬ȴػ˧ȡɲǻ壡
˽һȥ˵ʱֳʮƬɳϹۣǲȡһĻأϵҲ϶һǹŭԨһȺͻײϴ˵貽⡣
һԭǼѤõĽ⾹ٶ͵һǣҫۣǸ˳ǹȫ޿أ˲ʱ˷ĩǹ˿͵һ޵Ѫˤ˳ȥ֪
˽ߵλԪߴ˼һӭղһɱǿϮ̿ͣһʱ޽ԮԳ٣ֵĳͬ쫷磬ȻŽչֱ˵Ļƴ
ۡۡۡƴﲻ
ȻĶƴȴֱӣҲΪȫ޻ٵӲƴУ
ԪߺͷһһѪȴǰ벽ˣƴ֧֡
ƺһӷ·վȣһͻأĵתۣȴֳ⣬һϮ˽·ͬʱг˳ΧһȦγһȦķ˸겻͸

ϸŵǿὣϮһɱĿÿһֵıʿ⣬ȫѪˡ
ֻǣھϮ֮࣬һΣһѪ
ʱʵȻǿȴмޣڽƴսˣڲ֧ˣ
ֻһ£ɱȴһ£߲˿ѪֶȴЧ˽ԪֱֵǷ׹Ϯ˽
лϷһֳһѽȴٽĽǺͻأһתˡ
һıʵǱҸΪʵʱ̣ҲϢʱѣ
˳ǿƳ֣Ժס˽˲ʱһթɱ֣˽ȺɱȺ˳Լ˽Уʣɱּʱߣ˳żȴ©֮㣬㼴Զ׷ϣնݳУڣһɱ֣һ־ֳƣɱ
˳ʵߣ׷ȥѳɣոճȥת۱һ˲ĶϣȻĽŻδص˲䣬һϮ֮࣬Ȼٲͣ𣬼֮ٿ쵽ݡ
˳ղǿת۱֮ʱѾһ˿׹ٶȱ׷ϣֻ˼ٳ
˵أһεʱȻ֮٣ƲԼ֮£һ˲ĵѾע˽϶׷ˡ
ٶһϮȻͿշɳۣһӾʮɣ֮ʣŽż׼ȷصʿԴϣͷ­Ӧը
Ӵ˼ȴѾڿһʮɵľȥֻȴû١ˡֱӻһͲһ貵Ľ⣬˽һ
ֻǽһĹ⾰˱Ѿȥɣһֻŵˣڱһļʸ˲䣬嫽ٴ漴һֱ߿գȻ˾ʹʧˣݼ١
̣ȫգ֮ɡ
˳ʼĶأ׷תأڿգһϢʱĻôӱ𣬳ɱˣ裬ٳ壬Ȼ󱻵ˣߣʧ
ȫҲֻһʱѣ
˵Ķݣ
Ψһĵطֻڡ

Ԫ߽߾ȫһԷĳסھһ飬гЩֶϮֻ֮Ǳƫ˶ѣ׹һĳȺžһĲҺһƼȻʮ˵壬Ÿ߲˵ϣأҫԡݣѪ
ϣһεѪ˳Žλ䡣
䴦ΧȻһƬžѻȸ
Էһδɱƣ
һ죬춯أȴֻһ죬һţ
һΪģǿƳ彫ʮһɱΪһڻֻΪʵʩڶεĴɱһ˲ɱ
ң˳һ˽һμǱɣ
һ˽ʵʩĴɱ壡


693 ܻԻͣ
Էһж׼ˣڴս֮˽Ȼ˫϶鿴ʿʬ˺ۣΪ˽ϰߣʧ
ʷĴ̿ʹһͿʼװôֱͦͦذڵ˵֮£Ϊ룬ʵʩδɱ

ǵһɱи
û˳һѣ˽һôߵ̿͵ǰĻ
Ǻ
뵽һ޲ð巢
ۿŲԶǿԾɺȻȾѪĵ׾һƬ˶һëȻĸоĽٺ
˿µĲ֣
˿ֲɱ֣
˽ߣλԪߵֱͦͦվţŴſҪ˵ʲôȴͻȻһѪ
۹ҹԪ۷֣۹ǰĴ֣ȴֻԷΣһչΧ˿̾ȻѾˡ
ԷһУʱԶɱʵ֪
ߵأҡΣȻһ˿תΪ֣һݺ£һƽ죡ƽ죡
µɱ֣ɱƽ죡
λ֮£⣬ɫһ䣬ֻоһɺӼ׵βλýߣһĶߣӶϣſԼұϡ
ƽ죡
Ȼ
־к䶯Եķ룬ɲɱֽ磬಻ڽϣ
£еĴٹˣҲ޲׹
ƽ죡
ƽҪɱһˣôûκ˸ұ֤Լһܹ׷ɱ
ǶԷεĲƴεķܣεݳߣεĵλǷЩͳͳĲ£
Ϊǿƽ죡
һľɱ
ʵֻҪϰ壬֮ˡȨ֮ʿ˼Ͳ⣬㻹ţӵвƸӵȨƣһ޳ȨƸһ˶ԣû壡
ƽ죬ܹɱӵвƸӵȨƵˣⷽ߷ȨʸǸˣ
ֻ벻ɱȻҲȥ˶泽ʾ֮С
ҳԾ֮࣬ȴǲ⣬ƽԹʲôûиһ㽭пν˾֪һȴڳʾУ
ʵ̫ˡ
⻹˽Ψ־ĻɢûнʵҲڶԷӪеϢع⣬˵֪ǿɱ֣ڳʾУʱϣĻ֪βأ
˳ˮٶһ˿ֵɫ
ߣ
䣬ƽ졭֮裬µǿɱ֣ȫ
ô㱾ںδأ
˳ҧ
У㵽˭
ߣ

ҶЦŻľӣ糣
ˡҶЦ˽֮ĵȴЩʧġ
ɹǱȴѾ˷ܵ÷ⷢˡ
һεսҶЦǲģΪԤ֮УƽôҲܹ˽һ˺
ô˵ɱһЩ˺ҲǺõġ
ȴôҲû뵽Ȼһ˺Ҳûû˵Ľ
ߣҶЦоԼһεļƻʧˣûдﵽȶĿ꣬Ǿʧܣһǰܵúܳ׵֣ҶЦԼ
вʵҶЦ̲ס̾˿һ񣡡
ɶɹţɴ۾λ֪Ҷ˧
ûɱ˽еźҶЦһЦԺлġ
˧˵Ҳ̫ɹ֪˵ʲôˣѲһͻϮ͸ɵ˽ڵսѾǼ֮Ի͵սˣ
ҶЦĵЩˣ츱˧ôһССɹǳɹغǺӣ㲻ʲôɣ˽ȻϮûˣҷγûնԷ̸սԻͣ
ɹ⣺᣿ûᰡҲ˵ҾأܣȻŰսʿǣĲ䣬һΥʤԣ󣡻оǡ
г徢϶Ǻ£սҶ˧ĻǷһص㣡ǾǾһս֮˽սΪжɱ֣һֹһˣпܶСһζʲôôǿζžӵָϢݣѽڵ
ô˵ɣٱǰ˽ܹȫ޹˼ɵָӣڵ˫ս±仯գڼսʱȻʹָӦ֣Ȼս˲Ϣ䣬ҲܴӦԣӦ磻ȻǲսֻںңָӵĻôָӻڶȻ©ָϢĴݣϢ׼ȷԡʱԶؽܵӰ졣
һҷʵĪ洦սս˲Ϣ䣬ֻҪһָӲϢݲʱͻĪ©ҷܹõסٷǲܣ۹Ʊǰһ


694 У
һϯƪۣڱɹĺ˷ܣ
סأ츱˧ĿĽ˶ѣҶЦȻתͷעɹסҧĸء
ǰܹסأѾǼ֮ܿɹ󣬸ѫɹȻ˵
ҶЦҡҡͷ縱˧ԣ̫г徢ˣģͲǵסأǻܡ۹ҵĳԣֻǵסأﻹõԳ
ɹȻҵĴ˧ֻǵסѾˣûҶ˧㼰ʱϵҲѾˡʱԮͬԮȫϣ㣬Ҳʮ˾ˣǱߵĴعҲڰϣһʮı
˧Ҫ֮Ǿ仰г徢Ǻ£ս֮¾̰СɹתΪһǡ
ܹоλҶ˧ƺЩŵ¹ͷˡ
ȻҪƾʮӣͺɨԷ
ֹܲҪ׳־ô
ҿǳ룡
ֻ˵Ѱ·
һε͵Ϯ˽һνѵɹӪһΣУ˵ףҲֻһνѵѡûиʵԵĶ˵Էļǧˣ֮
ǾҲǸ൱ĴۣҲ˵ǽǧʿǾ񣬾͵ͷһŲʮ˼аٶ򣬾һҲ𰡣
ҶЦؿ츱˧Щ֪˵ʲôˡ
Һγ֮ѵ᲻֪ȥŵԮϵӵԮϵսԣڵʱ䣬ҵʱһֻʣˣоǣҺܷǳеҪռ
µʱʵٰ̫
֮а
Ѿ츱˧ضԣҶЦأ࣬ݷΪˣսǵְ𣡲ܿѾǾ˵ʧְոʧضֻ֪أǾ͸Ϊ˵ĳ裡
ɹŴ죬Ҳ˵һ߲ѡ
ҶЦλ׵޻˵
ΪҶЦеġոʧءġʧءǴɥʧġ
ͬʱɹҲЩŭӯģ㵱Ը̣
ҶЦŻ˿츱˧Ҳ̫࣬飻ûָǵ˼ֻǵĹΪʲôԭʧȥЩһսɣǣҪûոʧأ
ûԭǵĹǵĽǵģʤ
ҶЦɹļʩʩȻ˳ȥ
ɹվţ𽥵ɢΥĹʡ

Ҫû
ǲҪܾ֮
սŰΣֻҪܹʤͺã
ǵҫҪûʲôû
ս
ʤ
յս
ĽܻȥڽĲһô಻һɹݺҧҧǽҲǾʤ
˦˦ͷҲ˳ȥ

ҶЦ߳ȥ֮󣬲иټн죬ʣһ´ս
Ҿʤʢǲأǣ˳ʤ֮ƣʤ׷
ʮֶʮ·
չȫλͣɧӪ
ʸȫ£գĸ򣬸üݺкûˣȥսϼ񣻾úץӦƣҲϣ಻ֹжϵ󣡡
˴γҪӲ̣ҲҪսսսʽֻһҪһմߣֻأڱ֤Լȫݵͬʱ޶ȵɧŵˣҪ£һҹߣƣڱ
һȷսߣ۹ܲ˵չΧˣɳʮû׼ȫˡ
ҶЦѾ
ǳĴʱԼڰʱַһγϵĽɱǱߴ˼ֵδ֮ʱ϶벻Լ߸ʱӪ
Ͼʮ˳ǾĿ
ҶЦƫƫҪһ֮
ξ
ڣ
츱˧һ·۹Ӫ̣ɻҺҪս
ǣ
䣡
ڣ
롭һͬ
ǣ
ƽ죡
ڣ

ڣ

ҶЦɱ䱾ʵƽ䵽˸Ӫ֮Уͬȷÿһ֧Ӷӵһö׶һķļͷ
ǿսΪļ⵶˺˵ķԵչײ

յĹ֮󣬼һȻҹĻз
֮ĺɱ˲
ʱӪ֮д̲ŸոϨɫҲʽҹĻ
ž֮ʱͻȻ˷Ʊ׺һ
⡭ʾʱ򷢶ˣ


695 ⵶ʮѣ
˽ɫЦӵǵ졢ΪѵΪϷôĲһ
̫
ȫӭս

ĩڣ
ǷƺƴĹôسȻתΪ飬ҪκɧϮֱӹǣ
ǣ

ڣ
ͳʮѹΪԤǣ
ǣ
ʣƶˣ
ĩڣ
ţͬʱһʵΪϣɢسǱ
ǣ
ķӪʮɱӭս֮У
ǣ
Ԥ
ǣ
ӣҳս
ǣ
˽ӦԿټڷ˳ߵĶ֮ȷʱӦ䣬Ȼ½
Ӫ֮⡣
ξХƣڶɣɱȥ
дһӣһѪɫĹâƾն֣ضһ죬Ӫ˶ӪűݿһֱӾ죡
⣬ֻǰ࣬һδӰΪһȥ㵸ҽвҺϣˤ䣬Ѫն𣬳浱׳
ֻδܼòƸûʲô׳۲׳ۣѾһȵĳ彫ȥ
ٻӣĲ֫ϱ۷Ц񣬴ף»صϤսİȴϤϢΥѪζξĵ׵Գ׻ѣ
ǲʲôǰֱ࣬ӽɨǧ޵ģʽ
ξΪʵֵսɱɱ˵֮˿Ա⣬˼ţСԣǵң˭棬ս˼ҲоǷݵƽܵеİԾƣֱƴСϹ᣻ǴǰһֻܿԽɣôǰݺݱԽľ壡
ս
սĿ״̬һ̼ξѾڵսòɶơ
һֱԾԳܼĵһȥֱӾһƬһ鳡Ǻͣ峡ͣǰɱȥ
棬ǧۼ˧£Ҳ𣬼˲һ˿ģʽһ㣬һͷëУɱڣĸųȥ
ξƾžǿһȣһ·ݺңɱӸأ
ಣ
Уͬ罻ٵѪͬʱգУֻһ棬˲ʱ˼
ξǧһպ˵ĵӲ䶳ţͣ
Ʋɵݿľͷɱ˽ȥ
⼸
䳤Ǻӣǰֱк
һߣƽֵֽնͻ
ǱߣʵѷƽٶȴһҲƽʮ·ǶʮѼ⵶ӸͬķȫͻӪȻûһ̫ģ
ָͬһ
ڵ˵ĴӪλû֮ٽɱȥ
һ˼㣬Ҳðյ˼ս
սԶԣֱʮ·ͷͻǿϮзӪսԾͺܷ񣬺ûǵսԣǻǿٴ࣬ӵûеΪսʱѡ棬г䲻⣬ҲԭģȻֱǿϮջ趨ΪзӪģȴǸӵĲǣ˲Զڳϣֲ״϶ӦӦԣҶЦ趨Ļǵ˵ĺĴӪλãֻҪһãͻγΧ˷Եеľվأ
ҶЦսģȴһͻϮ֮󣬲սӵһǿͻȴѡԽķʽٶȷֱɱƣ±ߣû˸ôģ
ҶЦ͸ô죬˭ҶЦ¾ôһأ
µı࣬ǣһȴ㹻ӻ
˵ʵκôĸΪ⵶Ҳǲôɵģ

ȹ׶εĴֲӦ۹չƴֿ
ʮ
һ֮䣬ĳϣ˽λ½Ϊɻ벻Էǰһô͸ôƴⶼʲôսԣֱڵ裬һ̽䣡
ǣҪǱԷ֧裬Ϊ˷Լ㲻̽䣬ȴҲǺò˵ģ
мڴˣ˽Ҳ˼ʲô͵Ϯ㡣վ˸߸ߵսˣӸ£ȫ֣ʱɡ
ߵģǸԪΪߣǰƮƮ˳
˳˼ĿȻϢ䱸֮⣡
ܶһ㶼Ϊ˳֪־֮£ֻҪԼ뿪Լ壬ȥսĻôԼʱ򣬾ֻܿԼʬ壡
ԲκεĽң


696 ս
˳֪Ǹ˵£жǿսԼ̫̫಻Ҫɱˣ
գðҲð
Ӫ֮УҪģλ˽˧
ǲһ֮꣡
һԷն׳ɹĻô۹İͻȺ׵ĶӾ棬ʱ򣬲Ŀʼ
һǧ˧һɢɳ
پĶ飬ûкϸ쵼ߣҲֻһȺں֮ڣ
ԣ˽һ£
һӶӾ˽ĵ£һȦһȦһһţһ·һ·ݺȥء
ɱĳʾչϸµΧˡ
ǣԷӵÿһɱһԶôΣյƣôصķߣô
ֻҪԷһ㲻ܼʱĨƽҲŪһȱڳ
Χˣʲô壬Ϊ֮һƬׯ
ң
˽Уۼ֣ȽԷķâͷն
˽ϵ飬οʵԷʮɵвĲǺܴвҪնֻÿһΪ׵Ĵѣ
Щ˾Ȼһһȫ˵мĳͽ
Ϊʵ۹ԻôǿսҲ̫һ˰ɣ
Ĵ£ֵܱ磬һں֮ڣֻҪ޵еĴ󽫣ôں֮Ҳҡһ䣬˲ɱ˿ħսʨ
һǧ֮Ҳһһܣǧ£
ֻǣľӣȴһһĵȱݣ
ǾǡֻҪƣͷʨҪɴ׸
ԣؼ⣬ڶԷʿж٣ǣǶʮ֧ļͷ
ֻҪʮöͷս
۹иŸػۣȻ˽ķԸɱΪ֮ˣ
һߣף¹£ҹĻ֮УһŭԴԴϵسسǽ
ͬʱչ͹
ҶЦǽͷͬʱһеظܵ׽սĲпᣡ
սϣ˵Ǵ˻һֽĳ̶ȣ
ÿһʱÿһţʧ䡣
ϵ˴ӳͷˤ䣬䡱һһݱҷϵ˼û䵽棬Ѿܼļ֮±˴⬡
ĵоͷҾҶǺ۾ƴ
ÿʱÿ̳ͷȥÿʱÿ̳Ҳȥ
һȥһƬ
յЩ˲ʱͻᱻµ˳
ȺֻᱻһĹȻ
䵽ϵʬԽԽ࣬ζԽԽ౾ˣ˱˲ڽ¡Ϣʬ塣
ǰǽʿڣֻһʬ壬ֻӦ˵ֻһ⣡
ľ룬Ȼô
ֻһ֮΢
һ
ǡ䡱һһʿѾڳǽͷ¶ԴƴصֵŹͷͳ壬ǿеǶϵһϮؼѰʸʹ͸𣬺ƴһͿʼ󿳴ɱ
һľݵ㣬۹ʿų彫ʷʿҲƴۼչɱȴʼ޷ɱؼױʿۿݵסǽʧ֮ݡ
ҶЦ״̾һһӹˢˢˢ
ողųļʿһһȫ³ǽץһ˴ǹųǽһ·ɨȥҶЦĿǰΪʵɨѰʿǲѴ֮Ƭ̡
߷Χڵݣһȫݻ٣
Ӷˣ֮ôȫˡ
ҶЦԳ֮⣬һٶλԭ鱦ɱָһγǽвһ㽫ʿɱ³ǽ
һȺȺԾɺƲҪһĲϳϵսÿһʱÿһ̣ܵңÿ˶Ҫʮˡ
ҶЦһ߷ٵߣݻݣһзп
ֲá
ֲЩսϱνΪھս֮һ뷨ս֮֮еÿһ죬ʵǼģ
ȻȻģҲû̫νˡ
νˣôʲô飬ҪϵģôңҲҪЩѾΪսǿɣ
Ͼš
ֻһѾЩȥսʤˣ
ԣսϱеʣʵǣ£֮£ĥ
ҶЦԿɨҶһ̬ƣ˲ʱʱһȦзµǧѾһϤݻ١
һʿԮ˧޲Ǵţ
ʱͻȻݵ
ѭȥȴľ޴ʯ飬Ʊһҽ


697 ȥ磬ҷ
ȴǶԷۼз񻰡֪ǿйעЧ㽫Ͷʯľ޴ʯ飬سʿõҶЦѾһ׼õ֮С
ɲǼͷϿһˡ
ֻҶЦһ˻ԭվš
żʯͷӭҹҶЦȫȻܣֻһȭȥ˶ʯʱΪһ촷۱ڿС
ľ޴춯߲ϵЩʯͷһӾͺ˳Ƕϣƺоǳأҡҡ׹Ĳ
յĹ⾰ǳǰĵϾȻѾһʯ顣
ºŽٶ𣬾һ˵ľӶʯͷ꣬
žžž
һܼݣٶȴ˰صĳǽϣʿѾһķԵ
ͷϣͶʯʯͷ籩һ£գʿǻ粻
ӭУ
ҶЦһͻȻ˻һӰһӾɣǴӳͷλֱӷ˳ȥ
֮еȫѿ顣
Ϊһ֮˧Ҷ˧Ȼ뿪ָӸλ
˧ܳȥ
һֱҶЦߵĴټ״Ѫ
ڴ̣Ϊͳ˧֮ȴͻȻȥģ
㱾ʵ˵ãȥȡ˺εȾ˵սҲǲеģһ˧иôⳡս۾ֱˣ
ôҶЦ԰ΪһϮƮƮѾշɶȳɣܸɴֱ˵оӪ֮УӭĵˣʢǿƳ˽ȥ
Ŀ꣬ȻǶԷͶʯڵأ
ΪҶЦ֣ʵǹ
ôͶʯڣôػͦΣյΡ
ҪסأһҪЩͶʯȫٵ
˵ʱʱ죬ҶЦн⺷ȻһһεĽ⼱ȥһƬбòƶûŪô£Ѿȫ漴һ潣Ϯ
ĵбһ˲ķӦǿ˵ڶĽ⣬ȫ¡
ʿһǺͿһ׹˲ͬѣ
˲ʱճһԲεĳء
ֻǣƬյ漴ֱˡ
ҶЦȥ˿Գ˰ɿռ䣬г嫽ŰϿյʮͶʯôһľƬ
һֵҶЦ磬ٶȼͶʯ
סʶĴС
ۼ⣬ȻϳҶЦݣ˾ҶЦǧҪɱɱҪ´ˣʾע𣬳ʾ֮ڽҹ
һնɱҶЦߣƽ򻧺
һֱǻϽһĴ߻Ч
ʿ໽ų
ҶЦһһ׾Թ϶һѳһƬȺϿղͷһ·ӣ֮žžžžͷѡ
˸貽ⱼӿͬʱһߵʮͶʯҲѾȫˡ
ҶЦͻ֮۹ս֮дأȻϰټͶʯȫ飬İȥ
ȥϾȻûһ˺ۣԾѩδȾ㳾ף
һХ֮࣬ӰһʮӰҶЦ˫Ѿվصصǽͷ
վԼԭӦָλã
ҶЦһһȥ磬̫٣ʱݣЧѡ
Ӫ֮УܹĪвͶʯȴѾҶЦϤˣ
а֮ڣʼ볽ʵ۹ս¾սԮѣʲôĻԺýһ㣬ҪѸٵĲͶʯ͹е̸ף
ҶЦʵжеоһϢǾ㻹ͶʯŪͶʯҲûãֻҪʱȥɱһˣʲôģ
Ҫأ
У
ɣ
һԭʼֱ˵ķ֮⣬ʲôֶΣҪá
ΪҵֶΣԶԶǵҪݶö࣡
ҶЦһ۵糸ʱݣɵЧȴǺ䶯ԵģͶʯƵĻͷǱߵĵоĹƷǿ࣬ϾûԼҵľʯѹΣˣȻسǵĳʿȴʿ񣬸ղǻᱻʯѹ̧ͷҪ赲ʿҪһĹƣףδ˧еĴģȫɵ
ԷҲʣ࣬ռݵǼǽҪزסĵûˣ
ͬͬһɱʿ޲Īޱʿɱýڽڰˣ
ͬͬͬȻǲҪһ㹥ǵʿȻһʵսһսûˣ
Էռݵ֮ƣǼǽͶʯȫ٣ײǳΪʣݣ͸ı
ѵ·ǰֻһվڳ£Էֵô


698 ս
ԹǲӵƿνǿиɣЩˡ
Ǽ֤ҶЦһˣǿϮǿƾͶʯǵһȥ磬дĿĵ͸͸ˣ
˼ҵĴ˧ѾԼӵذΧ֮ˣԼ˼һˣ˼⿳ɱôɾôɣôŪôŪе˼ҸɹˣŪûˣȻҪµرصĳǳء
쿪˵Σ
ʿ˲ʱԣһǧɡ
Ȼһߵսȴڼ
ξԾ磬ɱ죬ս֮дԼıĳ棻ɹֻоԼѪҺȼˡ
̫ˬˣ
ûôˬ
Ȼܹڵ˵Ĵ֮ľ龡ˣݺ۳ңݿָ࣬оֱǾ˵
һ̾սˣҲˬģ
ҲЦ
ڴʱǰоȻֿһ粨˾һĵо֮е
ǧҪᣬһľѻ˵ʵ۹Ǳߣ˳Ѿͷ֮⣬ûܹóôϬһ
ȴѾӶɹͻƹ֮¸ûһ֮У
ξ״һֱͣ佻кû˾ôԴԼľӣ粻˴ˣӶԷѾɱһ·ĵ·һγ˹ȥ
ҶЦȶսԣ
һսû⣬Բս
ҷʮ·ȴӲͬķչ䴩ƣ۹ĴǰؽԴȻд֮ڣҲõ䴩սȴֻʮ򣬶ʮ˷ƣս֮£ڶʱڵά裬ԷӦսһҷ䴩ɹ֧λûȥʱ㷽ս󣬾Ѿǻٵˣ
ʮ֧ÿ֧ӣǳңңԣ˴Ŀֱͻ
ϱһ֮ʱͻ˵ʱҲʤʱ
һζ̰ʤ֪䣬ȫ˼ˣͻٱԷӦ֮ĴΧӾ棬Ʊػأȫû
ΪԷǸʱѾ൱ʱɾӣΧ
ԣһֱߣһ֧ԭٳ·ߣһĳȥسǣ
ҶЦжԡ
ξ֧ʦƽҲƬ̺ڴлϣֻǱ˴˽һɫȫͣĿеĽֹڲ
½½ĲҲɱּ⵶£һʦȻɱȥ
䣡
ξȴŲӳӪŭһͻͷҲأسߡ
ȻδܼҶܹһ˲ϵ㣬е黳ϾΪ֮Ǹ˲ֹһ㣬Ҫһӣѡ񣬾£Ļطأ
һߣҲͬ顣
ֻǣһ棬ҲǱȲξģ
Ϊξ£ξһ·ɱڣȻǧĶ飡֮նһսϹǧֱɱӪһ˲һǧˣֱһ˲޷ŵ漣
ξŻطսʿ˶ǻԡѪĮ׺ݣֻһսȵùͨʿǧս
ڴ޵иҵķΧ̼£ҲƾΪһ㣬һ·ɱֻмµˬȫûоսƣ͸У
ֱ޲ܹתͷȥɱһΡ
Ȼ˶֪ʵԼ嶼Ѿƣ۶һ̾ˤȫĵľȴǱԼţܹĲҴս֮󣬾Ȼĺ޲ÿսµ뷨

صĹսڼҲѾСս޿תȫԡ
ξȥӾȻ׷
һ֧ħһľӣ׷ʲô
ʮ·ջʮ·
·׼
Ǳ߱ϾҲȫǳˣ˽նײո潨֧ĴΪͷ⵶ɱɥڶλֵ־ѻֻǣ緽ȴҲ˶ึԪֵ
Ȼһ֮ЩʣµʿֱӾǴɳµʹĥ³ķ
ԲκսκǿУ
սϿգƯ֮ҶЦվڳͷܹظоЩͬɽХһԼӿ԰ٴ㺣֮Էռ䡣
սϵޱգȻһļ١
УȻнһսսɥ֮ȴЩ֮ǰɱĲлȴڽһ죬ҶЦĿռ䣬һɨ⡣
ξ쫷һǿƾأȻص˳£Զչǿľӻһ㣬Ժܸɴֱӻ᲻ķʽǿƳײ˹ȥ
һ۹Ĺǲӱ˱лľ档
͵ǰľˣȻǱ߳ʾӽֹسǣԷϵķ
۹ĹǴù£ʿѾԣȻͻϮʱйĶӾƣڵһʱձ
ιʮ·糱ˮӿţξϰΧɱ졣
һٴ㺣һ㼲ٽš
繥Ǵ汾βֱɱţڿξһ˵ļ֮ȴǺǵķ뷨
ǰ󲻹յĹ⾰ͻϮȻȫȻС
ˣξ˲һתͷתء
˿̣Ÿոսҹ
ھһƬڣһƬҰ
Ӫ֮УأԻ죬ӳʮؽ磬޴
˽ɫࡣ
Ҷξ򲻵֮£һ֪Ȼ鴫ʢ顣˽̾˿


699 Σ
ʵ˽ξۻǺЩ˵ġ
ٸߵۣ˽ȴǾԲ˵ڣΪֻἫĴԼһʿ
ξʵֺֹ򲻵֮£ֱӾ޵У
Ҳҿξֻһĸ֣Ŷ㲻ϣʸ½Բô½䲢ӡ
ξôһͳܣܹͳ˧һ֧ӵĻôʵͬʵ۹ֳһҶ죡
һɱ¾棬ֱӼѪƴ̵Ҷ죡
Ŀܣֱ붼ǿֲúܡ
Ӫ֮Уһɽɫ
һֱۣܴ裡
Էʮ˾ôֱɱԼʮӪʳһ䣬ҪԷﳤȥ
Ȼˮϴߣ
һսǡ˽̾ϢҲھӣǾӵʵսգǵÿһļͷʵȴ̫ǿˣȻҷռֻ飬ҷɱ˶ԷͷӣȴԪֵĴۡԸ֮ʵɵѹܹһ仰ս֮
λؽ黳˽ЦЦսȻЧֲעظõġ
ΪΣһλʵ
ΪǱ٣˳ش⣺㣬һֻöʮڻʮˣͽһս˵ȻսԻͣǡǵ˼ԱҲҪĳ֮ϣ
֮ճսʮˣԶߣ˳սε£ǣһξͼԱԷĶʮţӦòʮܹ֧żսأ
һΣȻˣܵúܲңǵĴӪȴݻ٣ΣҲᱻݻ١ʧȻ󣬵ʧ𣬶ԷȴǾʧģ
˳˵
Ҫȷе֪Էжˣһս֮У˽Ŀһ

У˳˵⣬ҲҶЦͷʹ⡣
ʱ
ʱ仰ָҲζţͷ
һһʤ
һǰĴʤ
ͬʱҲ˵һ漣
ʮ֮ıǿƳط֮ڵĵоӪȴܹ顣
ԱֻвˣǶ˭˵ⶼһƲɺԵľɹ
Ҫ˵ԵĻ˽Ⱦͳ˧½ܹȡսնҶ쵱棬ҲֻоԺ
ֻҶЦȴԺǺܿգһĿ࣬ü塣
Ĳǿ̬
ԭܼ򵥺ܵҶ˧֣ԼĲ
һսзʧȻǼˣıʧҲҪԼߵıϣ˵ЩһʧݡսսʣеȵȣǣȻʧأȻʧʮʮıȴܱгһϣ
˽Ŀǰӵеһʮ˵ʧʮȻǾţһë޹ʹȴ޹ش֣Ӱޡ
ҶЦߣȻȫʤȻֻʧ˲ˣܱȴֻʮ
ܹһֱĴʤȥյĽҲὫԼߵȫ⣬Էջʧ٣ʮ򣬻ʮ࣬ôҲᳬʮ
һԻս۵սʧȥҶЦȫīʱܹԷʮѾǼޣ
ʱԼǹ˾ԷȴٻаʮϵĴԾɿԲޣָʸأʵ۶
棬ϣŶ־һɱľӣһǱ뺷ҶЦΨпЦ
˵˭˵˵ֻԼ˵ʿôĸǸʮҲܹư취ҹͣչƣһĥԷԷʿȻ󣬽׻ܡ˽ȴֻʮ򣡡
һս֮󣬿ս֮Ҫٳȥɥڳսǧˣȥڳسսǧˣǧˣ
֮ͷıֻʮǧˣԾսȥٽΣȫǴʤԼҪΪ˾ôģ
ҶЦЦһôĽʲô¶
ξɹ඼ɳ֣οһ㣬˲ƣ۽ӣ߽ҶЦ˧£Բߡ
ɸΪ֮һ㣬ɹε˱
ôıЧӦԲԣ߱һԵĻʵд󽫳󣬿˵Ѿ߱˰˳ϸɵ˵ȴƫƫȱȱ١ıԴ鷢ڳʵ۹ֱǲ˼顢ԭ£
ɹƵüҪײǽˣ
ǰΪ˧⹦ұѩ޵ĻᣬȴΪȸƶһⲻñô


700 ͷʹ
츱˧Ǿ͵ձԱ٣ҶЦü
΢΢ûСɹһֻ˵Ĺͷɥ䲻˵˧Ϊ˵˽ÿһ춼˵˧֮ʾص˵أʱ񣬷Բ֮ڼ޳ӡ
û˵꣬ҶЦξȴȻ˽⡣
ûˣ
ǣû׳ˡ
ȫȴ۹Ԯξü̽˵һ䡣
ҶЦɹԾǿЦһ
ֽ׶εĳʵ۹Ѿˣʼ־ɳﻹɳʲôԮǵ滹أôҲֵҶЦëͷСӹ˧
һ˵ԮλҶЦҶ˧ڳ֮ǰѾȨ󳹳׵׵ĵһ
ʱ˭Ԯ
Ȩȫ۰Ͱ͵Ҷ˧Ͻ군ԸοǿĶӡӡֶӡ֮飡
Ԯ˳ûеġҶЦЦЦĿǰӵеģֻʮ˵ıˣۼأǽսֻܷЩ˵ͷϣҪɻԮԮˣɻҵ򱱾ӲԭȻɱ֣
֮⣬ûκλءҶЦ𣺡ô˵Ǵʤһʿ߰Ϣ˽ʲôӦ˵ʵڲУҾͽߴɽֱŪûеʹܱܲǣ
ѴɽŪɹӼҪۿ
ΪʲôáҪأΪһ츱˧ѾöҪȥˣ
ɹ
˸գСӻ˵ôʲô˵ء
˽֮ԳٳٹأΪƵĴɽ
Ȼϣ
ɽغųƳʵ۹ǿŻ֮飡
ڳʵ۹ľӪ֮£۹һɽѾݱֱͦͦ£
ϵ£һУ
ߴɵһ£νǳ˶Ȼ޷Խգյֵ֮ܵ
λɽмأƵһ򵱹Ī۹ء
ûɽأ䳽ʵ۹ߵĳƺ
ʱյأɽ֣֪֮˶ٵűڵӡ
ֻҪٸʵ۹ʮʱ䣬ڹذɽ֮һӦյأҲᱻɳǳأɽ峹׽ӸϷһֵĿܣ
Ҷ˧ȻҪֱŪ
ôڴݻټ
ɹŵúëֱ
ˣ˧˲ôɹһɽҳգ㾹ҪŪ֮ôˣǧˣ
ҶЦ侲˵᲻֪գü޵ȴڣڵı˽Ķ֣أҲò˶ãᱻƣʵ޿ɷϣ
ɹʹŤ
ҶЦ˵ʵ޿ɷϣΣԼŪԼô
浽ؿڣôĻὫɽȫһǲܹ˽İͣҲܸɵǼʮʹ飬˽ǣ֮⹦Ҵ˧Σ֮ʣңозж£
ʣȻʱôȫգʱԭǵգȴΪ˵ĽߣΪǵǵ蹵Ǹʱ򣬵ǣ뺦أ
أҶЦ˵꣬ɹľ
۴ӵϣϣҴϣҶЦ˵ǴʵϣϣҪԼֻԼػһĶܸоƺ˵ľҲ֮ˡ
ҶЦڽ˼ǣ˽ǱߣȴҲڴͬĳüչ
ܲüչ
Ͼһ۰ܵ۹һǰܵôң
ʮǰӪԷʮ֮ڳ䣡
˽˵һ֮衣
ڣ˳֮󣬻ҪЩȫް취
۰װ׵ĿŶԷ󲿷ֱ£ʩʩȻȥ
һۣ۹ıʿĿҪڶԷϣ
ʵ˽Ʊ˼ĵز
ѵ۹񣬾ҲԷǸĸֳһҪóԷϵĸǿǽô
ռţΧжλԪǳ֣Žּ𣬳ֵİԪ֣վͻˣʤôȡµĶԷ⵶ֻǶԷѰͨĽɫǷҪҷ֣֮û䡢ûƽ죬ûξΪǣ˵оҷһزأ


701 ȫ
˽˵ǷԷǲֳսǾֻĿţΪͽ̾κΣ۹ĸ֣ȥˣ
ڽҲһƺ߲ѡ
ǰĽֱ֣ܹӲξΪʿ죬Ϊ˹ҳ󣬹ԼԼҿ϶Ҳĸְ
ţҹĸδؾͱȳʵٰ
Щڶȥˣ
һֱ֣˵ҪһֱԷѹŴ
壬ֲñˡ˳һߣ嵭˵ҹĽ֣ԸҾŲֻǣܹܹ֣ȴҲδԷһϬΪһϵĽ֣һսóɱ
ʵ۹˼ʾٸֽе飬ԽҲʵ״ΣҿԿ϶ǳʵ۹ʵ۳죬һٵʥּҲ벻ղսЩˡ
ҪЩĸԸЧҪԳ棬нֹΪ֮٣ԷȻһǿ֯ߣ
֯ߣ˱ʵǿ˶أΪ֮⣬˻Ǯܹκηá˻ǳܹΪЩ֣ṩһʽݣһ㣬Щǣ;ۼһͳһһ˵ĺˣ޿սϵĬܹͨнֹ
һеһУΪʵ۹һˡ
˳̾һǣûУ
˽üͷͻȻͷһһ˵鱦λѵҲⳡս߻ֵж
룿߻
˳пЦ
ֻǲ߻
ߣҲδ֪˳һ̾
˽ڽЩ˳ʲô˼ǺЩ㯵ĿڴһĽ͡
ȻȥϢ˳˿εĿ⣬ֱתˡ
ȴ룺ǲҹȥ
ᣬ˳û˵ȥ˵ʲô˵ҲھУ
Բ˵˵ˣ۹ʿ˲ʱ߽⣡
գȥİ׹Ǻ½Ĳഫ˵ΨһϿɵ鱦ǵ½һ˼񻰣
˵ֽ񽭺ԣ鱦һռ串½󳬼ţţɢ߽ڣʵǾһʵ
κԿģ
Ȼ˳Զ϶֮ûŲҪŰ
ֽ񽭺ʢţҵĶ֤ѽ¶ڷϣ
һҹٿ
˳˼ȥջûгС
϶Լ˵ǴսЪһҶЦĲãƽ찵ɱ˽ô죬ûԼıռɱֶϵˣл·ô
ʵֻ֪ʲô̬ˣһˣԼԿҪԣ
뷨޼գ
֮У˽˻Ϊˡ鱦Ƿвսչۣνǽͷöһҹ
˵ӰôĴ󣬵ĵĬĳ˵ġʵʵʵҲ޹ؽҪϾеʵߵͣʵʵΣ
ܣη֮ʵ⡢ʵ̫һЩ
̫ˣ
գŸʱ
˽Ĵͼʱʼ˶
һֱзĸ߶սȻˣһаֻ£ʱǿĸҲܳʱĳսҷĿǰ˶ڣԶԷ»ҪƣڱڱϣҾܴ裡
ԣҾҪΪҳʵĲ𲽷Էڱأƣڱ
ÿӶʮΪλչƹͣȫλǣκص㣻ֹһֱȫΪֳֹʮȫľݣʱϹӦ
һʮֳ߸ͲΣַ˺սƣҪ֮ڣأ׽о˧ҶЦֱָǳǣ
˽
һĲп˽һ֮УԼȷţĵĵһΣǿǰδУԺҲͬС
һΣҲһΣ
ԭʵΪڵľѾ޷ĵز
ʵս¾ԽԽȶȻԾɾԵУʵģΨԼΨһͻƿڡ
սǧɽսնѾԶۣȻһζĲȥҲȫǾսƣܾˡնܻսǧɽսǧɽܹͬնĸߣ
Ѿǰ϶ʵ


702 λòͬ
Ϸ󽫾ǱѾԭѾնɱ
ԵеĳʣʵϾֻԼһ߲ܹв
ȻԼߵΨһͻƿڣȴҲǴʱЧԵġ
ǲҶת֮ǰֱ롢ֱʸأ³ʹĻһҶʦϻأôһŬ
ھٹ֮ս£һ۽ɵͽ޹ܿĽôԼսɣǧָ
ЩĻ˽ԲںԼһˣΣ
Ĵ⻹ں棬ڳʵ۹ĲԭǲѾ׽ڽʮʱﲻиܵеĹǣ֮Ҷ򱱾ˣԿսˣڳʵ۹ǿдѴѵľѣʱսɨƽ¾Ц̸
ǲܳõʱһٸ𳽻ʵ۹ôڲ֮佫ֻгʵ۹һ٣۹Ϊʷʣ
ΪΪΪΪ˽ҪһǰѾƵ˾أֻܱˮһս
ϾܹɹأռʹһǶ棡
һעǰҵսۣһ´ͬʱʽˡ
˵ʵڵģ˽Ͷľȥǣ书һۣת۵ĲʽʵΪȻСһԷ㣬ϳģӣеӵȵһϵб֮⣬ټԤӣҲɶʮͬʱս
ȻٶˣǾͲڹǣԼԼһɶԷɱˡ
ҶЦվڳͷϣ·ˮһķƣȫ𶯡
ڶԷĿֲƣǡ
ſе֮ԽԽ࣬ɵľռգһٴ㺣һĽ뵰ֵĵ֮Сϵ»ƣˣһɽ磬ǿ룬صҰ޷ݵҲڽθ֡
ڣѾʼһǹ⡣
һб仯޲˵׳
˵뵰ֵʽѾȥ˴ֿɼıԵ
һ㣬ѾԶ׼һ۶ѡ
ֻǣȻȿϲĽȣԾûҶЦоûаĸ˿Ļ
ΪٳЩȣȫ˵
ңȫЩѪж
ǳһһûĽʿʿ
ڣ˿̣ȴ۵Ĵײˣڱ
Ҳ˿̵һǮֵֻݽһţ
ҶЦĵЩ벻ˣһУΪʲô
֮䣬ΪʲôҪı˴սȻôŬƴͳζԷѵӹʮһgһôôŬӪԾɱⲻ˰ǧķֱ
ʷֻأ棬Īǣ
Щͳ󽫻ɣΪҲԽһսʤʷǣͨʿΪΣǺεȵ޹
Ƕ룬ôҸɴ඼ڼʲôɣһζ§źӹӵˣҲ׬ǮҲøɻξҶЦɻ֮󣬱ֵһ
ѵûҶЦȻ
ҶЦľԼ뷨ûǱ̫ƽ˼ꣿ
ȻûޣֹûֱǹƨͨξһĭбۿҶЦ治ףССͣƶ֮ϵɵȱ˼룿ⴿһɵĿ⣬Щһķˣ
̬Ŀ⣬˼룬ȫһµģ治ӵĶӣӳ½ʱҲƵĸпֻˣСӣ˵׾һ仰ӷ׶
㿴еŬ׶õģΪʲô뷨أΪվλ̫ˡ˵Լλðڵ̫ˡ
Ϊ˭Ϊ˵Щ˭
ͬλãͬλͬˣͬն
ǧ𲻷ҾֻйĻ⣬ƴսᣬΪʲôʲôĿĳԣȻ䱾ʣȴڲ˽ЩˣͬôĲͬô
ξҶЦǻ۲᲻֪ǰУһӦִǣʲôôֻҪ岻ľޣʼղǻһg
ҶЦĬΣҽԼλöλ̫ˣȻ˵ˣû˵ԼȻ۹ʶƫģȻӷף
һȻлȻʣ
κ飬ڲͬλÿͬһ飬ôǲһġ
ؤһٿǮҲǻ֮Դͨ˿һٿǮȻ䱦ȴҲǮ˿һٿǮмһˣڸһԪǮҲ˶ò֣
ǶλòγɵĲͬ⡣
ڵԼˣһҶĿĪǡ


703 ҶЦҶЦ
ˣҰģԲûκҰĵˣҳʲôʥˣ㴫˵еʥˣͬҰġξ˵Ұ޵У˵Ұǳϣ˵Ұٻ˵ҰȨ£ʥ֮ͬҰģϣԼʷ̡
Щͳ˧ģȻΪʷͨٷƣӣһʿȴõٺ»ˣս
ҶΪ˸Ŀս
ξǾ仰λòͬ۵ȻҲͲͬһСۼս˽ôģͲٽڳԱһˣ˳µתΪĹٷĲƣͳ˧һһȥԪ˧һеĹΣû˵ʱĿҲͻһαˣԼҪϣһۼһ
ԣЩ£Ҫһȥһĵز֮󣬲ʸȥ˵ȥģһؤӶȴ̸˵Ҫ£Ϊ츣ҲֻᱻЦģԼ˶ʲôȥ£
еĿ꣬һͬ׶ε˵Ұģͨƶ˵ؤҰעϰΪӣȴͨڵ󣻸Ŵ󻧹ٻ¼ͥǲж˵߹ٺ»ĳô󳼣˵Ұ򡭡֣һ㣡
ҰģԭڣҲĶ
һ˵ȥ̰ܻߣٵһزһ֮֮ϵĳ̶ȡ˭ȥ̰ۼӵ˼׷ģҲͲһˡ
ξǳôǲҲһ˵ң˵ҵ˼룬ʵ̫ƫˡ
ҶЦһЦôأ˼룬ȻЩƫȴҲǴеģǸҲڣҲǲ˵֮˵εƫ
ξԹһЦȻĻ󳩣˳һȥѽʮոճϳͷʿѪ׷ɣˤ³ȥһأ٩٩̸ʵߣҲһҰġֻǵĸ߶ȣ½֮˿Ǹ߲ʣĸֿȴ΢ĩֵһᡣ
˵УЩ۷壬޷죬һѩ磬Լ߳ƵЦǶǺεȾž޵ȴΣ˵УҲһЦôһΪȻҲҳưԣֱҹԴ󣬲
̬ڿͨ˵۹ôξ˵
ҶЦжȻһȴûעһƪۣѩ磬ŮأǸЦ˭
ҶЦȻ֪ʡ
ξһŮôˣŮľͲиôѩ磬ǿߣЦţӽЦСͬͬͬգ
ҶЦԳЦҶЦ
ξ۾һУЦҶЦɰɣ˼ȣСӱϻ磡˼Ҵܴ㣡Ÿƨ㣡
ҶЦ⣺ģҶЦô
ξ˷ۣЩ˵˼ЦҶЦɲС˵˲ãҹԴ󣬳˵ΣѰ˼ʲôأ
ҶЦʶ鴤һ£һ
˸ȥҸզ˵أ
ԭ֮УһҶЦҶЦ૵˵
ߣ˼ЦЦأݺĺ˻ģʷ磬ģݺ£޵УСܱȵģ
ξ羴Цһݺɱ飬ֶȻаȴӲѹƣȻרУһ֮ɱۣȴûдʲôĶ񼣣ֻڽɱ¾ˡ
ЦҶЦ˵һζаĹֽܣȻԵΰ룬ˣҲ޷˵ЦƷεĻ
˵λЦӢ¼ξһüɫ裬ϲ˵ȴ̾˿ֻϧһӢȴʬ޴棡
ҶЦˣޣǸЦˣ㲻˵Ӣ˵ôˣҶЦʵ
ҶЦȻԼѾ˵ģξòƲ֪ɣҶ컹ξѾȥãЦϢ֪ģ
ξϢ΢΢һϣǰҶˣһĵʱԼЦ壬⵽ּл䣬պյһֽԾɲıƣɱ̾
ҶЦʵ壬ȻЦĴѾ֣ôΪҵֻҪҶЦأҵرλЦô
ʵͺبҶЦͷˣҶΪˣԲ֪ܲպյЦҶЦȻˣȴҪΪԼȡҶЦĪ¡


704 ⣡
ξɫ֣£Ҳǰ˼⣬ҹȻֵЦȴǺġԭԤҶ⵽˺֪ô£ȴնΪҶЦֻϲϳϣĵȴϣ㳤ԺܹЦҶһ£ݺɡ
ҶЦһټ̽ȥ
оԼֻûô򵥣֪һЦҶЦҪԼȡҶЦû⣬ҶЦǴŵģ
οҲǷɻ顣
ɱУ۹һĽٶȸһ䣻ѾǽĵھŴν
ֻһ䣬һǰѣ
ÿһεĹͬɽХһĲ
ҶЦһ˼һһעˮʼˮȻÿһڴ֮УҪӽȥҩ
ֻЩ˵ʿʸһ룬ȻȥϢ
ȻҶЦĻҵףҲֻһѡ
Щûֻƣ͵ģϢֻ˵ģҲǻϢ
Ա֮ıʿǲҩˮָģЩҲҪʽָĻҶ˧ļҵףͻ᳹
档
˽վڸߴųͷӥͲԻ֮ɫ
ܼĽؿƺܲԾ˽üͷɻء
ȻоĺܲԾȴ˵ﲻԾԱһӽҲ°ͣͬԻ
˳ƮƮվü΢ȻҲڳ˼
һսʱԵĲԾܲԾҪ˵ǾﲻԾһʱȴ˵
˵ǶʮһǰǰѾֻ˾ŴΣԷȫˣֻҲҪ۵ڻ˰ɡǳͷؾԾǿоƣһ㣿ⲻ̫ˡ
ǵľ볽һľӽǧ꣬ٴΣĳʾӣ˽ü˵УȻд֮
˳ü˼˵ţҶԵзļƫЩӡģ⼸˷֮ǰĽ֮Уˣ̧ǰߣǡֻǸ֮󣬾ĳ˳ͷ˺۶ˣƸ֮ǰ⡭
ԣԶԣһӥͲĽͷЩʿҲ֮ǰˣ֮ȴǴûһ棬սʮ㣡
˽ɫ
ô˵λѾսʵ顣˽˵֮£Ҳֻλ鱦ķҩЧĵҩģõĵҩ
ǵģֻλĴֱʣ˳ɫޣ˵ʿֻҪǵһҩͿúüȫԭǿҲֻϣôҩൽԹս
н֮¾ɫ䣺˵Եһ֧ľӣǡ̻ô򣿸Ƿսչ־սֻĹҩܺǣ
һԣ
˵˶ô˺ֻҪǵɥһʱָܻȻսһ㲻
Լ߽߾ȫò׽Էشľƣĵڣȴֽž
ô³ֻһɱ
泤ȥԼҪ˵ǰǧҲܱԷľ
ʵôпᣬֶҪӦأ
ҶԴ˿νһĪչȫ޼ƿʩ
ΨһĿа취ֻһɾǱ룬ɱλôһͶӭж⣡
һλ˼Σ˵İ취
˵׳нİ취ܹɹһⶼӭж⣡
Ǳ߲Ÿո˵꣬Ϳһֿ׳յĿ⿴
Ŀ˼ܼ򵥣ˣ
Ƿˣôô߶˵Ľ
ôˣʲô񣿡λĪҵİ취ܺõ˵
һ׳գȾµҲ˵óڣһλĵ˵Ȳ˵λжǿ½ôҪԴʮڵͣλֱǮµɱ֡
ЩǶʱ׿ˣǣƾǷƸ¥İ׹ҲҪϿɵʵ˭ɱ󳬼žΪҪɱڱһҹ֮ӪɽͷûˣɽŴûˣҪNߣһ
һ䣬Ҫʲôĸ֣ɱֻ˵Ҫˣܸɵλ˼ɣ
ο߻䣬ƽ죬־ɱ񣡾ĸ֣ҲһҲȻҪɱвɣ


705 ģ
֪֪ʲôǷֽ׶λڸʿṩҩûսǵֱɱ˵ӵĴӪ᲻ᱻһӣһ
һλ۾ǰıߵĽŭҿԱ֤ܳûˣҪ水˵ȥжôֺͻ֣֮Ǿǵ˵ӣڵģȴǣ
ҪԼڣԼԼڿӣԼԼݺݵؿųıߵˣ޲ýһȭԼȥ
ְ׳ԲǶһʵ̫Σˡ
λ˵ࡣŵ˵Ҿôһ˵Ҳûôɰ˭Ҳɵ
͡İһۡ
治ɵô
治ɵô
ȫͣһ㣬Ϲʲôµĵ֮ӦôӦԣǾжǿ˽̾һ
Ŵ˧ȳ⣬ڽ겻ѣıر顣
úõս֪ᷢ飿
ֻǴһܵսۣȴؼʱ⵽
ΪҶĶԼЩɱ֣Ѿͷʹˣû뵽ȻҪֲ˼񻰡
ɱˣ򲻹ǲǣǣֻ۰װ׵ĿŶԷԴԴϵµı
ֻҪֻҪڣ֧ӾԶԱġֻҪһĴϢʱ䣬㹻
һʱ䣬ȴζܲġ
ΪԼߣεķνҲҪ
Լߣûзǵˣܹô棬ôҩ
ͱ֮ĴȻô࣡
ۿŴ̧˱Զڼ֮µ󡭡
˱Ȼ̧ʱϢȴѾע޷ҽΣֻĿǵһһĲȪ
ͬƣǸصƣڶԷǱȴǵо
˲
𣬳
ֹ۲һ˽ȷһ㣺ȷԼۿ˵ģһɱ
Ҳ٣
˽̾һ
ûȥˣҲҪд۲ſԣȫûκμֵûκ塣
ĺŽڹǵĲӣ糱ˮһ˽ȥ
ҹĻ١
һ̣һ죬۹淢˳ʱʿ״̬Σһ̻Ҫܾã
۳ڳ⣬һƬž
żмʵܲסʹ
һɾҽæýŲմء
һӰĴӪ֮ƮȻ֮УųȻ
ҶЦҩˮҵһһŵӵҩ
ĽĵȺ⡣
ÿжһͰÿеͰĳţҪԼ廹ҪࡣôͰĿĺܼ򵥣ǾܵҪһЩˮ
ľ̫ˡ
ԱôصˣֻҪһ룬Ǿһˡ
΢һЩģֻҪһ룬Ϣܼ֮ս
⡭
ֱ漣
ˮ˭Ҫһ㣿
㿿ЩҿġһҪǰ
զЩҪôǰߣŪ˭أ˲䲻
šǱ˱࣡
ƨһӦһٶ˵Ľ˭˱ࣿ
ˣϽʲô
ӷ㣡

˴֮۾񣬽ţۿžܸ
ֻˣΪÿһͻһء
ֻҪ¹ءˮ˭Ҳǲ˵ģ
ξ߹ͷһһȺȫסڣģһ£ɺͳ⼸ȻһĶԼսѱֿڣȻԳӣݣ̵Ƕզأ
ڽλһ仰֮мü־δ󽫾һѵԼ˵̲סһͷߡ
Ѿ˵ǣԳ˳òã
ξ̵Σ쵰ǰȻôүִΪôôˮȣҲǹˣܲıһЩ˵ȣֳһЩôķȣ̵ΣǾ͹ģ
ڽη
ôĻģⷬĹġ
ξԶҾùģҲֻűӼš
ʱҶЦ߳һˣʼ׼ˮɡԲۣ
ҶԪ˧۾˴ֿڣͻȻܻһȺˣһ˶ˮһŴˮ׹ʲô
ڽһЦ˧ʵڵ˻̫࡭


706 ã
һȫӹҶЦףҸ˵ˣÿԱһ豭͹ˣĵ׶˻ҪףֱǷ˼һϽһղŵ󣬲ģҹȥˮˣ
ڽŵŵ˲ʱһɢ
һˮϽѾˡ
һֱ֡ҶЦЦãһͰôףһľȻŴȡǷһһЩʲô
ξߺһЦմˡߣ
˵䣬ξͻȻüͷһ壬漴ҶЦҲӦֶͬʱ̧ͷеĳ
Ŀ۽֮ȴһߴ
ξɱ˲ʱ¶ôĵӣ
𣬾Ҫȥ
סһ˵ûж⡣
һӰںڰȻ֡
˳
繫ξһϲ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣬼ȻѾͷԼͱĶֺڣ㣬ֶů
ҶЦ˲ʱһͷ亹
Ҫ˵Ըû뷨뷨ʱ˵һ治椶ů
ůůţ²汻ˣ桭ҲҪˡ
Ҷ˧ǰǴҪһġ˳ĿҶЦϣ᣺֪Ҷ˧ϲ
ξæҶЦʹɫ˼ǧҪӦһ椶ΣյúܣСڶ벻ǸҪܡ
ҶЦ˳۾
˳Ҳǵ
Ȼ۵ȴβסһ˿㯣һ˿顣
ҶЦĵһ̾ҡҡͷ壬鷳ȥǽҩˮֵȻ˳ȥǽѲһ°ɡҸ繫̸䡣
ξɴ۾۵Ĳš
ûµġҶЦ΢ЦԷˡ
ξĿӡ
Ǳߣ˳ҶЦһˡҲƲסۿһ죬ݽҧס´Ҳǲһ¡
ξʲôˣڹע˳һһʱΣЦһȻˣҾȥæһҲҪעһ°ȫڱϾսжԡ
˵ţתﳤȥߵſڣһ䣺ֶ˲ã˼һȻͷֶΣĪ
ˢһʧӰ١
ͷ֣˳ɲǼͨ죬Ҫ˵ʲôξǱȴѾûӰҲû˽Ͷ
ĵսӵ˳̲ס޺޵ĺһÿ
£롣ҶЦͣ΢ЦֱҲûʲô̫ĵطҪȥҵ̸̸
ⱾǺ
ȱҵʱʲôľ
Ϊһ˧ӴҲһԴһЩԷ칫˯ɡ
ֻǣҶЦ仰ò˵ʵ̫ˡ
仹ξǾ䡰ͷ֮˵˵ȥҵ񡯻˵ȥҵ֮УңҲ롮ҡͬһط
ȴƫƫ˵˸صң
˳ͨ죬һ
ֻǣ£ܲͷ˳˴֪ԷԴףǲòͷ
ȻͬҶЦҡ֮ʱ˳²һ
룬׵ûг֡
ȻΪս¹ϵеľᶼѲתΪľʯسеɹסҶЦݣȻʸסٷģҶЦЩĹٷЩ֮ǰΪ˻ָԱ
һӦԱֻҪһָҪøµԱȻԱƱȻأ޶ʱָܻĿܣҶ޲ϧѪĹҩˮ£ȻֻòĹٷȻת˳
Ҷ˧һ֮٣ǻ¹ٱӵ
ȻˣҶ˧ǰأȻסٷҲġ
Ҷ˧ⶥռܴ󣬶миϣСĲңһ˧ãȻõúܼªһɴķ緶ȴ
롣ҶЦЦţ´˷ҹ٣ȴ֪кμ̣
˳ҧ޺޵ض˰ΣıøſҪȷһ£ǸýǽҶ˧
ҶЦɫ˿ǺһЦһƵ˵µ⵹Ȥֻǵ¸õҪ֪һ£Ǿ˵֣ǸŶѣҪиĿνӰ˹ν
ͣ˳һͷߣҶЦˣĳƪۣʵȻǰνǿ磬ֻû뵽ǣµ鱦֮˹ʷעʵݾȻҶҶ˧競ӣ


707 Ͳϣ
Ŀ庮ĿҶЦһֱһ竵ͷȴӲΪȴǴһ½ĸң˾Ȼ֪ʵݣʵʵ룬һ޵оҶĶӣôǸͷβأȻò˵һ䣬ҶЦصĺ
ҶЦһЦʵˣһһʦһҽߣôҪ¼ŵưģչʾԼĵƣȴǽԼ¶Σ֮£Ϊȡ֮
ҽߡ֣˳ʱһ죬ľһԼѵ·ΪԼٵ顣
㱼䣬ƺоԼ۵Сϻһֻȥ
һʱ㱣̬ȣҶЦһĵۣȫ޶ãš
ҽߡߣ˳񣬺ǵƹ˫еĻ⣺벻ǸòķʵòȻӣǳϡ
ҶЦüë˵ô˧˧
˳ŭ˧ƨ
˼ҹڳԣʲô㿴ˣֱʱգȾ£֪ѾʵݣʵУȻҪ˼ҹ˧˧ֻ⣬˳ûмʱν򣬾ѾǺǣܿƵ˵ˣ
ҶЦȴǹЦ˿Ϊ衣
˳һֿڳ֮࣬о飬˼ʼܹ֮ȷԼϤǸ֮裻Ȼǰ֮Լ֪ĿԷǣҲྶͥ˾Ǹˣ
ֻǣȷ֮˳ȴָоһ
㣡Ȼ㣡˳̾Ϣ
ȻҡҶЦ΢ЦӦòо̫ɡ
˳ЩãȻʶͷ
ȷǺ⡣
һֱ֪֮òǼٵģǱĿˡȻбò׼̬Ĳ죬ں½֮˶ԣǷ˼ʦ˳ԣϡ
ֻǣ˳ǳĬãŽָ־ֳȼĹʡ
˵鱦úúõģΪƫƫҪսһˮ֮أ˳ԴȻΪ⣺ѵ㲻֪ĵλȻ״򲻶ͳһҲãҲգ鱦ѾȻ⣿ֺοҵڣǲҪ鷳
һ㣬˳νĵĲ⡣
Ȼǽ֮/ҶЦڵԼ൱ߵλ϶ԴλǶӦ۹ݣ˳򳬼ŵӵݣһ۹ݣȻΪԷ֮/ҶЦ㹻ߣҶЦڵ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ػԼ֡ҶЦɫֽǵǰģ񲻾ӦǾ°գһ̫ƽ
˳ҶЦ˵֮Աǣΰػ˵е֮ôֻǣ˵ЩԼô
Ųţ޹ؽҪŲţͬҪҪǣѾҶЦȻ˵ΪºƽΪ˲Ը⹱׳Լһع龸ƽհҵ
㣡˳ü
һ˵⣬ſڴƻƣ˳ȫ޴ʹ
ʵ˵˵ǷſڴƻƣҪҪǣˣ˳һȻơ
ѱ⣺˼ңǾԼǸˣ
ңھԼ֮پʱԼȴ˵һ֮ˡ
˿ټٸнһǿ϶ģǷθУʼմڣµĳĳˣ
ĿǰΪҲѾԼȥյʱ򡣡˳ҶЦֻҪȴһһʱһܹˣ֪Ҳ֪
Ҳ˵ҲҪˣҪ뿪ˣҪ֮ǰ飿ֻǴ糤õļס㣿˳ɵĿҶЦֻǣ񻰣촫˵ĵص㲻Ӧս
ҶЦȻ˵ΪʲôӦսұߣΪΪӦΪΪΪ񣬾Ϲᣡ

˳һͷߡ
˷ˣ⻹ܲܺúˣ
ֱǡֱˣ
ҶЦҲΣ˵Ķеǣҵĵȴܸ˵Ϊܣĵơ
˵ʲôй¶ġ
սѾزʤʣֻΪĽ룬ս뽩ֻ֣ǽѵ㻹Ҫȥô˳ʣڣҲûжʱ˰ɣ
ҶЦɫѾزѵǻҪȥҵĽ룬սʤ˶
ƺǣҲûжʱ˰ɣҶЦЦţ˳
ⷬ˳ո˵ķ档
˳ܹеĲ֮ͬ
˳ҶЦ˵ԣĿȷֻǣ㣡
ҶЦ˵ģȴǣ㣬ǣ


708 ǿˣ
Ȼֻ֮ȴڸԵĲ졣
֪ҵʱҲˣ֪ǰʱ䣬ͬĲˣ
ǿƽ룬Ȼܹսֽ˶
ֻǣԭսȻ෴Ľ
ôĲŵģؾͭǽҶЦ˵ǱжˣҪ˵İǧҲҰػֵĹذһ㣬Ӧ
˳һ˵δأǿҲֻһֵ֮ĸԭΪ㹩ĴҩҾʮ㷽Ӳƴжҩģĵ𣬵ֵô
ҾηģĸˡʵȻͻûдﵽ˿ƥеĵزڽϴѾˣȴ֪ĵϸûдеǰǿᣬҿԶԣһռٵɽڵģһΪһ㣬ξûʵ㡣
ҶЦǺһЦۣ֮ҵʵΣʼǣҵȴд˵֮еǿֻҪԸ⣬һ£ʱԵƬµľ󲿷ֽ
Ŀע˳ЩҿңЩˣÿ˶ǿݺеĸ֡ûУ޴ӿܡ
˳Ĭ
һ㣬޿ɷϡ
鱦ĺôǿ
ֻҪһ£ֻǸΪôΪ֮ڣ
Ƿݿȣ˳ֻҪһ룬ͻ᲻
ʵȻ۹ûеġ
ڣ˳ɣͽһҶЦʱʿ鵤Դ֣ߣ
ԣܹұƵز繥ʲôģô֮裬Ҳ֮УԤ֮СҶЦ˵
Ȼˮȴвζ
˳һǿ˵ܵΣǳʵ۹Ѿǿ֮ĩδؾͲܽܡ
仰Ѿʾˡ
˳ճھͺˡ
ȴѾղ
ҶЦ¶Ц⣺Ҹ˵˵أ͵ͬǽһս¶˵ֻҪذ£ҵ򱱾ǰ棬ܸϵء
㷽ڰ֮ڣܹأҶЦȻһЦҰصģأ
˳ɫЩ԰ס
֮ڣܹô
˭֪飻ΨһԿ϶ǰֹۣǹأǣҲҪʮ˴
һӴ֣
֣Ӵ˽۹ɲˣ
ڣǵ湥Σ֮󣬿ɲһǳʹ߷ʮ򱱾أ
ҶЦ磬ҷȻǿ֮ĩγƣ֮ʦһҿԱ֤ʱܱԲᳬʮˣʱ򱱾ֻҪһ򵥵ĳ棬ܽǴ׳壡
սΣΪܹסҵôҶЦƣ֪ҵΪԪ߽סֻҪ֣ҵһỹս֮ϣʤ㲻Ƕֵĺʲô
˳ҧ촽ǿз٣򱱾Ͼ֮⣬ֻҪҾܹ
ֻΪҶЦһָͷ޳˳ǰ΢΢˻Σٵĵֻ㶮ҵųƳʾƲˣ򱱾ȷ沿ӣڵ֪ҳʱ򣬾Ѿӱ޶Ȼ֧ȷ沿ӵ࣬ҲֻˣǡǾڵʱ䣬ҲѾ죡Ҳ˵ǵľ룬࣬ҲֻǻаǧҲֻҪʮִܵ˵أ
ӣȷ沿ӳ֮󣬾Ѿʼ
ҶЦȻ˵Ӧ֪ζʲô
˳һתΪȻ֪ⲻԿţΪŵסô
ȷʵν棬ʼҪʵ˵ҶЦȻ磬˿ûаţϾ˵ǴĿԴҿ˭Ц󣡡
˳𽥱񣬵Ȼ
ҶЦȻԿţʵϣҶ򱱾֪ȷǳͷβĴ󻰻ѻƭ˻
ᣬȴҲֻǿиɵĿż䡣
˳᲻ᱻŵһ㶼ں
ղŵĻΪ˴ȻҶѵãҶĳʧˣȴ֪´˴ǰΪΣòֻΪ˸ʤܰɣҶЦ۾˵
Ȼǡ˳ЩȻŲҶӣһҲǾǣһս˭ʤ˭˭ңעˡ
ҶЦ֮ĬȻ
˳˵仰ûдʵһ䣬Ϊʵһ仰
һսʤԼпܿƬչȴʵʵڿġ
ʱԼѾˡ


709 ף
׽ʤܣǸͿ˳˼ǣȻǽһЩʲôܲϣһУʵѾûйϵˡ
ȻҲʲôԼںȫߡǱϾֻһԸһ룬ġ˳ЩȻ
ҶЦĬһ£ǵģҲƵĸд
˵Σʮа˾šҶЦվ䣬һˣӳһֱҪܶණЩˣǴСǣһĳһ߳ȥһԼĿŬʱżȻףȴȻ֣ԭߵĺܶˣ󡣡
Ҳٶǻ׵ʱѾǣʼǴһ¡ҲϤˣ㲻ʧȥȻԻͷص㣬ͬڣȴǽһУȫޣȻȻǰУȴע¶ǲܹ¶ģֻǰеĵ·ϣѰԼͬ·ˣΪԼѣĽʼȥ֪顭
ԣһ̵ǡߵһزܱ֮ķ֣ܹʸߵˣȫİˡ
ܹһˣҲԭİˡ
ǲһǰΪϲҶЦҲид̾Ϣһԣȥġ÷µģһҪģڿܶѡ񶼳˲пᣬȴǲòȻΪǱϾܷǵǰ;ȥӦƽӹеã֮Ȼ
˳һ̾ǵġ
ԣһսȻСȻǵʱȴһģĴڣעǿս֡˳˵
ҸҪ֪˿ǰ⡣ҶЦ
ʵҴ˴ǰҪҶһס˳һȻһЦţҶֿ϶Ҳס
ףҶЦüͷб۾˳´ʹʲôף
ⱾĻҶЦ˿̵񡢶֮˵ȴκ˲ܲáɶͷ
Ȼһָоǡ˼ҹ׵ζ
˳ʱһ죬ŭȳܲܺú˵
ʲôкú˵е̬ȺòãҶЦȻ˵ѵ㾹֪λЦӣǳʵ۶֮ôΪһ竣ҪǶ竣ǲаŮĲ񲻹֣
˳ͷʹ
һĺ˵˵ڻָ˱ĿȻӵı䱾
˳ĺһ䣺֮ףܺô
Ҷ֣ٳӣҾֻøˡ˳˵
ðɡҶЦı̬ȣɲǼʹһӵܣµһ֮˧£л뽲ǰ֪ʱ䱦󡣡
˳״ȲѸٵת״̬ȴʶĴ̾һ
һǧ򻯣ʵڲ֪һ滰һǼٻ˿ͻȻȻЩ˸оǺӦˡ
Լίʵûиһﶷˣ˵Լٲ˵Ļ˵ڵĻ¾ҪһĶˡ
أѾҪƲס
һĪһ˻ֺ̿ȴϲɬӵ˼黳
ʲôɡһҲ
ףҶԺܼ򵥡˳ĴһǾǡȻҶƬչȻֶб˴ںˡôǲһԼ
ҶЦüŶôԼأ
һЩŲµˣעԶ뿪ԾõǣҡЩҷŲµΡ˳ĿԣҪǰȫػţҪҸƽȥ
ҪǣԶҪʹ࡭
ҵĸʣҵĸҵġ˳˵š
гһĸ飺֪δ·нңҲ֪ĵط˵һ죬ͻڷԣϣ뿪֮ǰ˵֮ǰܹΪĸһ㡣ģźһСԼһŮġ
ҪԼݾǡһսǳʵ۹ʤˣôҸղ˵ЩˣҪ㱣֤ܹȥ
ҵ
˳ҶЦ˵ͽ˵ԵģͬԸͬĳŵЩģŲȴִߵЩˡһս۹ʤˣһᱣ֤ǵİȫ
㱣֤ҷģҲ֤ͬġ
̧ͷҶЦȻʱѾ½ˣǣǶӵ㹻İգҲ㹻ӰԼȨƣΪԷЩ飡
ţһܹõ
˵ģףڼĽף
˳ǿЩȲ˵
ΪһŮ˳һƬТġ֪·ĸĲͬȴţܹһЩͶһЩΪһ죬ԼʱȴûǸˡߣĸҪԼʱԼȴѾ
ⶼ˵顣
ôҶЦĬĬ˵һ䣬۾
Ȼ˳йˣĸĸ󣬶ǣҵˣȻԼֺγûˣ޼ɡˡүҹѾͷĸĸǱԼպǣҵĶ
Լһߣǻ


710 Ҫˣ
ڣҲȷǿδΡ
һսս󾿾Σδ֪
һǳȷԼܹصһսʤܣȴҲԲ֪յսɽ¹˭֣
ԼˣϵƽҲҪһߵģʵ۹ʧȥԼϵľһͳ½ô
òƻδؼã
ʵ۹ڣЩȻǣǱأ˭˵ⲻܣ
ôǰŪôһԼòбҪ˵
ãҶЦתһҴӦ㣡
˳ĿȻһһΪ
׷ҶЦصĵͷһԶ档
ˣ˱˴˶һۣ㶼һɷһشµָо
˳ԣ˵ݵλۣҪסˣ׾١Ѷȡ
˳ǿ۹λȨءҶЦͬҶЦݣǷݣҪסˣҲǲκΣ
ȻҪסЩˣǵжԷͬûκ⣬ңڸ֪κˣȫŴƱ
лл˳һл˵ĺϣܶ顣
һ⣬֪ûҵĴڣҪȥ˭أҶЦ˳ʵˣһ̸ɡ
ͻ⣬˳ãȻһ¡
ûС
˳شΪ㣬ͻȻʱ⡭ΪˣҸͲ̸ʲôΪҸͲǡ
ҶЦ֮Ҳסˡ
Աκ˶Σǣңô
Ϊʲôأ
ҷжԣ죬ôҲôŰɣ
¾ʹһΪҵҲܹ˴룬ˣֻȻȥˣԼδ̸ϣ˳˵˴ðǰҶ˧ôãڴͲ߶ˣҶ˧ıʱˡ
ҶЦ˵ھҪô
˳һѲҶ˧ҪǿСŮô
һҶ˧һСŮӣﻰĺ岻Զ
ҶЦһЦԭΪǰңĿڸоʱ˱飬ʧԤ㣬ӹˡ
˳Բһ£ûüٿ˵ҶЦ̾Ϣһֵѵ㶼ãˣѾ̫Ϊںˣߵˣϣز߶Ϊ࿼һ㣡
˳̾Ϣһ˱սЩ飬ȴܹģ
Ҳһѵô֪㵱鱦ݣŵѣսǲͿ̿ȻʱƬ£ʼҵĵطԵһ⣬ڴ˶ȰȰһ䣬ٲҪĻˡ
˶ôĿ˫ţĺܶ࣡Ŀԣ̾ϢһȻ֪ǧÿһ֮УһƬսϵˣǶأ
˳˵ǧսϵˣжأ
ǲĶ࣬ǲҲġ
ֻǽһ꣬һս֮еˣǧеġԴΪƽ¼Ļ
ôڵͷ϶еģ
ҶĿꡢԼȻ̬Щʧˡ
һ˳ԣʱȻٴλļޣ֮ǹĲʣ
˾͸ںˣⶨһ˶Է
˳ⶨ֮˲Ǹʣĸ壬ֵܽͬȵȡ
Ȼ˳ӹҶЦʱȴ̲סһ¡
̧ͷҶЦЩӡ
ԼⶨȫѪףǺܶ࣬Ͼһ࣬ҪȫȫѶҲӦףԼѡֵͬܽþԼĸĵѪã֮˾֮ڣˣ
ҶЦⶨȻԼĶ˲٣޼ɺ˹ȻУ֮˵ľԼû˵
˳ֵµ鱨ϵͳν֮Ȼû˵ˣôЩ˾һʲôҪ
Ҷ˧ЩʲôˣĿػ֮ࣿҪȫĿĵйˣѶȽ˳ָЩЩȫĹϵ𣿡
ģ²̫ΪѣЩȫҵľɲҾ˲֮ˡŹ汣Ⱥˣʲô£Ͼ˶ڴ˵Էʲôãڹԣ֮㲻ϣǡЩˣȴֵĲϣս֮С
֮ԻὫǵڴгϣͼиһʱ򣬽֮ԱȫֻΪѾ̫̫ˣ֮ĲҲˡδ̡̫
ҶЦֻȫܹסĺ٣ԺһʱʤΣὫ㡣
һسŵҲϣ㣬ҲҪҵĳŵκۿۡ


711 竣
ҶЦ۾⣺룬֪ҵġǱһΥԼô˴һɢ˭ҲҪʲôҪˣһȴҲʲô£ٶҶԣ£ǰɣ
˳񼤵˼ҶЦвĻƺûз
ֻҶЦһۣҶֹȻ塣
ԼҪˣȫѪףϵûһԲģҶЦҪˣ˵һģֵܣֱһ㣬ȫˡ
һȣ˭˽һЩ˭һЩԶС
ˣҶЦ̹Ȼ˵
ǡ˳㲻һˡ
ӯӯվ𣺡Ҷ֣ҵĳŵһԷģ
ҶЦһǾ仰ˣ˴ɷŶԴ˲ʲôǰɣ
˳ȻһЦԭôһǰ㣬õҶ˧λ˵ĳŵ֮ȴǰҲûˣҷĵúܣ
˵գ˳ٲͣƮȻȥ
ټҶ˧ǧҪԼŶǧĪҪǣ֮仹кǳī
ˣոʧˡ
죬ҶЦҲһ̾Ϣڣ֮ǰһ׮£ҲⳡԵʻ֮µõ˽ǰһֱеĵģԼ븸׻ξ뿪֮Щ游һ˲оˣô죿
彡ȫģȻòģЩ˶һǰ;
ǡǡЩȻսȴѾսľǣҡ
ǽи鱦ϣȻУЩʿǣȴδϣȻҶҲΪԺãǽ֮и鱦󣬶ǵĶĪ
˳˴˽ôһŵ֮ҲڿԷġ
֮࣬ȴ̲ס°뵽λ˵㲻һˣ仰ƺҲǡе
Ҳһˣ
ٺٺ١ô˽ܵզ֪أ
Ҷ˧룬ȻЩǷˡ
˳ɫԵı飬֤֮ǰȫĸߴ󳹵׵߸Ȼٶȱһȭ
ΪɶǡٶȡأΪ˵ĵһԵĳŮһȭĳжһģ
ǿĳ˴۵Ĳҵ
ѾͷˣξƮȻ롣
֪˳ΪܷȥĴѲߣȥ֮治Զĵط鿴һֱӰƮƮߣ㼴ҲŸ泹׷ġ
Ϊξ֪ҶЦΪʵҪԿ˳λƮƹĴˣȻǲġ
Ѿͷ֪ʲô취ڱΪξʵΪϵмңҲûп
ˡҶЦ˵
ˣξɵĿҶЦʲôģ
Ǻ̸һ˽£ûжôҪ¡ҶЦ˵δѣԤţս޹ء
˵ţҶЦ˳˵ĻξҲ˵һ顣
ξĿ˵Щ
ҶЦ˵Щ
Ϊ£ҹܹˣξţܵоӪо˧Ӫ֮Уôĵ㣿˵ô㼦ëƤ¡
ҶЦüҲ㼦ëƤɣЩϾˣʣĸһͬ۵ֵܽã˽ԣҪòҪˡ
ξ֮ԱǣЩҪɶʱ̸ʲôط̸ôҪȵҹܵĴӪǿҪðĪΣյģΪЩڻ翵Ķ
ҶЦȻ˵ʲôԸϸ߼
ΪСǸģԭıҹǱ룬ȻѽξɸֵĿҶЦ
ңҶЦ㯣Ҹʲô⻰ʲô˼
㳤Σݣξɸ֣濿ˣƽͦģôԴ˽ƵãŮʲô˼ȻһҲ֪ôСӿѾӴŮˣһһһһģ㶼
ҶЦŶŶһƬί
ӴܶŮˣôһһһһģ
ӻӡ
һҲӴһòãһҵŮǶԷġ
ϱӴȥ˽Ůʲô˼
ⲻǿЦ
ξһڿԳ竡Ե竡ֱ֣˴˵е֮׵ͷ
ҶЦһͷߡ
ӣȻֶԲˣǸ֮ףҲҲˡ
ѵ紫ǰ㣬Խͷ࣬ԽŮϲǲ˼顭ξҡͷ֣һ˼˳ȥһһ죺һ¶ȻԵıжԹҵĹһǡ
ξͷˣأԸ̾ѡ



712 𹥣
ҶЦ﷢á
˳ѵֻΪ˿ԼһֻۣǸֻ߲ڣ

顭ƺЩɶأ

ڶ죬۹棬ûмչȻоȴǵƵؿеľӶȥľˡ
Զɽ֣ľͬľ֮޲ռľȫһһѵı˹
ɻ󲻽֮󣬳ͷϵ˺֪ܿ˽״Ҫʲô
ѡһķӡ
𹥣
ֻҪռЩľ˵¿ˡ
еľģȫ˵£ж٣ȫȻùܵǰʲô򣬾Եسǣаǳرٵˡ
ȻлҪĸǣƳеĸֳ
һȫ֮󣬾Ͳٹ˼ˡ
νˮ顣
ȻٸߵΪֻҪ㻹Ƭ£Ͳܸɳλ̫Ƶ飬Ӽʮ֮Уȫûа϶ԶصĻô˭Ҳܲ˵ġ
ֻҪһأͻڶʱڲơ
Ʋߣܲпᣬ׻ٵһǳأ׻ٵذս֣Ȼٵ̫̫˵Ժơ
ΪһֻҪƱؽߵĴɽҲһȼ
ɽ֮Щɽɽͨˣڽ൱ʱҲû˻·
ͱĶۣ˽ûǹԼȻһȶļƲߣ˿ڶԷļޱ֮£ȴҲֻв޶ɷļֶΡ
һսͰ˽̾˿
˳Ҳ̾˿
ȴΪˡ֪͡ԼƲȻݶսҪʧġ
ľӣԶһֻ߻޲ߡ
λҶ˧ȴ϶Ӧ԰취
ģѴյǣûġ
˼˳ίȰ˵һ˫нǲܽ
˽صĵͷ˼һǲЧôԼһĴ
˳˵սԻһΪãִֶΣ߶һľӡһϵս˵ѾĪпᡢ޾Ѫȣ캦Υ͵顣
ǰ֧˵ȴδػôϾԷ֮Ǵ˵еķٲ˼һĴڣʲô̶ȣڵǣĲˡ
˳˵Ҫǽ⣬ҲûʲôֻǻһЩʱѣǱãԸǴǴȫͨˣһճǲãɶ˵ķ˵Ц
˽˼һ
תͷ˿ڽ
λһ˿˵
͵ǰ̬ƶۣùĿԣмɣ˽ʵ
ǷһתάֵǰϷ磬תɶĻ˷ƣҷļʮɣֻǵ߱磬תļҲڰ˳ϣһֱάϷ磬ôͷػĿԣɣ
˳ԵǧҪˣɶλֶǿԷĿǰƣֳֵ
˽˼εҲ˵ֻҪάֲģߣʮ֮߰˲µġȻ˲ǣҷת򹥻ĿԣҲ󣿡
˳żĵֻɿܣҲΣա
ɿܴɣҿ״Ŀһɶ
˽ԷĳȷʵԶʤҷЩҲˣҪƶǣĿѲڻ£һѴȴڣ˶ֱתƣԱӭŴ֣ſз˵ǱµĻ𹥴ʮɽľ񡭡ԴΪǻƽҲ֮ܽڻοѪ֮ȴЩ־Ϊʵ۹㲻һˣѵȫˣ
˳Բ̾˿
֪ԼѾģϹһۣԼ˵ʲô޼¡
ٿ򣬴ǰƮϷֱأ漲
Ժ㶨һۣתίʵǲܵ顣
ѹ뷨
һ֣תƣҲǲܵ顣
֪ҪҾսͣȻʱίʵˡ˽̾һ߱Ҷ򱱾ĿǰѾ֮ȫٳԭиʮǰѾʼǰԮ
һؾ֧Ҷʮﵽôһսζǰˡǧδе𳽻ʵ۹ͽϰװߣ


713 ʤһս
ңһʧȥˣôʱȻԽԽ׳ʱ򣬾ֵǱ̲һΪҪϳʣʵΪʵ۹ʵǴ½ʵǿĹң
ʱб̲ΣգԣҪȽв𡣡
սʤô´ƣҲ޷
ǵǰҪٶȣأ¡ٶʮ֮ڣ빥³ǳǣ׽죡ʵ۹
ʮʱ䶼Ҷ򱱾ֻҪҾ֮ǰȥҾ볽ʹ֮䣬ͬͬʧܣ
浽һҾֻ˱
һ˱˽һ̣Ѿѹ⳹״ˣȴҪ޹Լһ롭
浽ʱһˣȫǰλ̧ͷֻл
治ʹ˺ҵӲƴһմ˰̣սϣȴҲ޷̧ͷĿ˵ĳ衣
˽ķθ֮ԣ˳Ҳһ
˽˵Ǵʵ
飬ίʵ޽ġ
˵Ҫ̣ãǴ˵ҪǮãҵĹⶼͿ˸ѡȻǰǮûˣһӶûˣǿ˳ɹ˶ԷĹذ򵽵йأҪ۶ˣȻʱ˵Ҫ˱
զ˵
ʵ̫ǿһȶûҲˣôڶ򵽵йأۿ۶ˣȻ˵㿴Է̫ˣƴ򲻹Ȼ˱
Լ˱ĻĲ˱˸ϻȥء
ʣΪһ˽ս
ǰ֮ߣϸ϶ԣѾǵǰɹߵսս˳ƽĶۣ˽֣ԵзܵӦԣ̬˿˿ۣսʤ㾹Ǽߵģ
˵˽©ҲǶҶЦ˵󣬵ȴûа취ģҶЦʵ鱨Ҫ˵˽۹˵֮ʵ۹Ҳû˽ʵΣ
˳ѾǺ˽ҶЦ̵ˣҶЦв㣬磬ҶЦ鱦һɱζʲôѭεȳ̶ȣⶼ˳֪ģ
ЩȴֻǱɽ֮һǣ
¾ʹ۶ʼճǣ˽¶˾ģòƽ֮ɽȫȷƲܵθţľ֮⣬ҪлͣƣԼӪʣ𹥵£ȫӽȥ
ֻһս
ʤһ𳽻ʣ֮أɹʣ˽һĿǰҡ

˳̾˿һսѾڱУԼ˵κλҲ塣
˽ߵĶƱػὫҶЦһȫԸľҶЦߣԶʮʿֺԼ쵤ҩҲͬ˽˾
ûŪҩˮ˽Ҳܴأ
ʮһĶսҲܽҶЦıȫҵ
ֱӴ⣡
ڵľƾǣ˽ҪʮһֻҪҩˮڣҲǻɵģսֻֻܰװ״ʮѣ
ΪԷ㱻߰ʮֻҪһϢд棬һʱ֮󣬻
ʵκ
˭Ҳܲ˵ģ
ʵֻһ˿и߼춼ˣˡ
ǰιǣ㿳˰ʣһˣιǣôľȻˣһ˶ûУΪԼˡֻ߿ֻǸǰ˳úĳˣǲаһν㿳ǵֵҹǵʱ򣬾ȻѾϤĲ֪ףһ
βаҲˣ
ѵǴô
ʵϣܶʿˡ
ϾһЩؾǳأֻֻҪǻüεġ
ֽսʿʲôĲӻܹбʤ
ܹǿάֲѾǺܺá
Ȼ˽ϼ죬ֶδ֪ĿֻţƱؾȫ£ܲܲսʿ˵ɣ
дµľԽԽ࣬ѽѻˣ˽űһ£ЩʼǰߣھǽԼһɵĵطͣ
Ȼ㿪ʼһһۻʮһ߻񣬹ָǰʮˣ˶ǳֹ֣СĽ䱸
ľ϶ѷŻۣѻԽԽߣȻʿȥٲǰӣǰһŵĶ飬ƽ
˽Ĵ㣬ַʽһֱƽǽΪֹ
ַܹʽֱӵĻƣ˿Ҳˡ


714 а취
涼ڳ۹ʿȻ֪˧ҪʲôҲ֪Էʿ·ĳֲ۵ԣֲƴܸ㶨˵ֶΣȻģʽϾ˭ҲһͬǾܵĻһš
ʾˣҪǲ뱻Ǿ͸ɴһս
ʮ˵ıԸҰֻذɣ
ҪƻҷļƻôƻǾƴֿȥɳЩǰˣáǶˣҷȼ
ƴŽǰļǧѳᣬҲĸ־ʱƳǣȻֱ׾١Ҿһֱȥ
ƽٶȣҲֻҪһҵʱ䣬òˣ糿ȫʵʩ𹥣һٳǡ
ͬŬʲôƣ
ٹһʱ䣬صĳͷɧ
ȻҲԷҪʲôȴ޼ƿʩ
ô죿ξŸֶҶЦ
ʲôô죬ٵȵȣӦ䡣ҶЦ˵ĿϬעŶԷӪ
Ӧ䣬ôӦ䣬ٵȥˡξɫѵõĽ
ڶüôô壬ôأҶЦξʵ
ôֱӳȥһѻЩˣ׳нξ
Ǻǣ涺ҪŻ𣬻ȥֱӷŻһٻȥЩľʲôˣҶЦ
ţ԰ɲһٻͰ˶֣ξҪȥá
סס壬壬壬ԭأҵôЩ꣬½ûķݣôͳ춼ûϣˣҿûҪˣͳ˾͵˰ҶЦһסξ
ҿǸСǰɣôڮӣ˵˵ҵǿ⣡ξҶЦһ̼ŭڣŭ֣ŭͷ򵨱
ҶЦָָûĴ죬壬Ǳ߿ڹεϷ磬ӭ򡣶ԤļܿȫϷ磬ҷƺܴ֪ζʲôôһȼ𣬻˷ƣȻǻ⣡
ξԵʱɵۣβŵ治ܷšǣȶԷﱸȫˣǻŻѵֻ۰װ׵Դô
ǵҲǾԲܷŻֻҪѡ˷Żص㣬ǿԷŵģ󣬴ǱߵȼĻǿԷԱУԷ٣ҶЦƵ
ţãԶ֣ƾҵʵӪ׾٣ȥ׼ξٶȵĳ־ԾԾˡ
ϧԾɿɲУɹ̫ˣҶЦ
ô˵ξʵ
ԷȻŲ˻𹥵ĲԣܲҾֻ϶͵ϮһȼӪеĲ𣬾㶯ֵ㣬Ҳ̫ĳ룡ԷҪֻ̫֣Ҫʵϸ֮ˣֻҪʱ䣬ֻҪһʱ֮ͣɻ𺣣㹻ˣɥҶЦ͵
šҲ£һ˳ֵĻȻ˵£ֻҪͬƽ죬䣬ˣټңƻгɹĻᣬһɡǵʵԷȫԸķԾܹһ·ɱСӣ˵ܲɣξ
ҶЦ˵ȻУȻʧܣҲȫ˵İգǣһ㣬ЩˣֻҪκһ˷⣬ôĿ֮£һľģʱɢ
ңҹơһֻ²ǵĻ𹥣ӦǡҶЦϬжҲδ֪
ô˵ҶЦҳɣȥƻ˽һλ𹥣
ξĿ˽ӦòӾɣ
ҶЦתͷעξΪʲôɣս֮ϣ伫˽ҲŶŲԵ壬ΪһսϣȻֱǰһ޷ˣȴһЩϸ⣬ֻҪڰľһͣ᲻ЩôǻǰˣɢɢƹԪһҩأһԪ㣬㻹аӳޱ߻ô
ξһһʱ侹ã
ȻҶЦ˵ĸľУȫ⣡
ҶЦ̾һȵȵȣ˵ɡ
ҪôһζĵȥǻǱⲻ˱ɿξ
ˣӦ԰취ҶЦһ£˽ǲƣҲֻȥȴԮСҪСҲˡ


715 Բסˣ
а취ξӲš
κһľ档
ξ֮ǰȻҶЦ˵ƣҲƻԷһ˾ôа취ȴƣ
Ǻܴɵ콵ꡭ
ôĻƣڶʱҲҪͽ̾κΡ
ҶЦʲô취
ôʣҶЦǲ˵ֻǳһȫϣҺ׼һսǷΪʤΨһɶԷıһ𣬾ǵĻᣡ
˾ǣ˧ǰȴҲֻǰȥ׼
Ϊ־棬κ˶ûкõӦֶΣֻҶ˧ĶԲˡ
оӣĬĬؼᡣ
ͷϣҶ˧ֶעųææµµĿ
Ӫ֮С
˽Ҳʹᡣ
˳ۿԼ壬ǲģܹǸ
սɱʤܣõĲõֶΣǵ¡
ôһѴյһǣؽ緽ԲһһȴǾɥ˷ָ顣
ģһ֮󣬸Բǧǧڣʳ޿
һڽʮ֮Уָˡ
˽Ĭţһŵɫֳ˼һʮǿƽһֻʮ˰صأȻҪ˺ݶļƲߡ
ⱾѾһʧܣ
壬ʤôҪ𣿡˳һֱ˿̣ʵ
ѵĲϧ˵ʮҲҪȥȡһսʤ
˽ʹ˼ţתͷԼΧλǾĿԼ
һսʤЩԼһӵֵܣȥ֮󶼽ᱻкܶˣ
ҡѡ񣡡˽ҧס۾죬ʹ״˵仰
ѡô˳̾Ϣһ
ڲȰ˵
ҵĵжǱѡ
ӿȣ˽۾ͣҲȥ
˧Ƿ񡭡Ҫ棬һЩĶͬԤľ񴢲Ӫеһ㣿λ̽˵
˽ϼ鴤һ£૵캦ҲҪиʿɶֹĵġ
Ļ
ܳơ
λŵŵٲ¶һ˽ȥ
˳һֱעųͷԶԶһϮµͦӰһֱڳͷվš
ȻǵӰڳȼü֮ȴǸܲʣȻ
ʲô
˧оΪδԤ֮еĽأѵǾףѾڱΣ֮ôһλЩɣ˵֪ƻˣҲӦóսˡϾսһĻᣬ̼ܶ汳ģǱδҲ̫ԩˡ
ôһ˵Ҷ֡
ѵѾ֪ɴĵֿһλ²⡣
ڽųͷƮ˧챻εıֱǰ˼⡣
Ѳʲôı˵⡭ɲ
ʱһȺ֮Աǣı㵹˵˵»ôıľ棬Ǵ½ʮۣҲǰ취ûУֻͽ̾κεķݣ
ԷΪȫȻ۰װ׵ĵԷֵԶҾ֮ϣЩڣҾأαس²ߣ
ң˭ȥҲҲأ
˧пթԷ߾ڵǶַŻ𡣡һ첽˽ߡ
˽һĿıӥһ飬ԼᶨթҲֻȥ
ǣȻѡ񣡡
ԭƻ
һսһҪʤϧһдֻۣҪʤˣκδۣҲֵõģ
ǣ
賿ʱ֣𣡡
˽Զĳǳعذĸ֣˵˳
˧ʱǲϵ̫ˣ賿ʱĻʱ䣻һʾʱﳷˡһλ˵
ǳˣʱ䣬ǵĳʱ䡣˽˵ԸսɱǣҲԸôǡ
ǣְˡ
ԾڲϵǰƽģѷŵľѾӴǽ֮ĵؽ磬ͷϵʿԴ˻޶ԣôĿǣԼ¶ѻľ
Ȼ󣬽ϻ͡
ľ񽥴࣬ԽѻԽߡ
һȴʼ˳ֹҲûҪ˵ļ
˶ô۰װ׵Ŀš
ɫľȻ
˽һֱעԷĶôվһҹ
ûгˡ
ǾôԼĹϣʱȼն𣬿ȻƺѾ¶˾ģҪǳع
ȻһͬѳҲϧ
ұ˾ֺγǣ
˽̾һ૵Բסˣ


716 ֮
˶ȥˣԷͷ׼Ȼ˲֪֮£ҶЦܷʲôƺֶΣȴȫǵĻ׼ͷϾֻʣ޵ļˡ
ҶЦξ䣬ƽ죬
£Ҳֻ˻˶
һһ𣬿ҲҪȼϣξ̾Ϣһһ֮󣬷Բǧ֮ڣ֮ڣǴݲĻ֮ء
ҶЦѾԽԽʱĻ硣
ҶЦܹоߵĿԽԽȣоµҲ𽥵£ȴʼձɫĿ⣬һֱ侲עŴĽαƽ
ʼ֮ľ룬һֱȼյʮ֮ڣһҲֻĹ
Ϸ磬ƣԽԽ󣬻ԽԽǣڣȴûдﵽߵ㡣
ȶȣͨѾǾԸɲˡ
УѾв˳Ϣ󣻴˴ȣеĿȼմÿһڣһ̿ӯһȻҭס̵Ĳо
˵ôȥǿɾȫˣǻֵ֧ȥЩѰʿأǿɰ𰡡ξάϸ೤ĺ˵
Ụ̃Ȼξȼĸ֣Ҳо˲
˵ξӦĻˣ
ҶЦ䵭˵ʱٵһȡ
Ȱξ
Ѿͨ죬˹˵Ϯ
ҪǸоܲסȥҶЦ棬ô˵ҲҪԵһЩֱŻ棬ôҲܹһЩ
˼ҡͷ
˵Ҳ֣ȴɽ֮ǰҲһΣңʱȼյĴɽ֮УȴҲûиоôֲڡƽЩ
֮ĲȫͬնҶЦ侲˵ɽֲεܼĴɽҲܻп϶ڣǵΪȫڴ֮ǰ㵽һ԰ȫĵطֻǳһЩµĺ濾ȴԲʲô֮ǡ
ǰѰĴɽɱȡҶЦǹ֮սûӱأһƣǵأͷ϶ԣŻ棬ν鲼ռ䡣ΣҲⲻˡ
ȽϣߴŸĲͬ
ǼֻǵĴԽ𣬿ֻһˣȻްҪһ˶ܣ˹ƬȴǾ޿ܵġ
˵ЩΪ͵ģⳡ
˵գҶЦЦЦ
СӵĿ⵱ھȻЦóξֵԼֶӡ
ȫʤԣΪʲôЦҶЦŶ棬̧̧°ͣǿԷӣҲڻҵĺ󳷣Ϊһ𣬵з޷ƽһƱʿ
ΪѾ㹻Զľ룬ȴǲġ
Ѿˡ
ŻԽԽǵֻһң
ҶЦȵʱ򣬾ǳ
˵ȫԣңҪô
ξƤָǰһ޼ʵ𺣣ڣǰѾ𳹵׷סˣѾûˡôӻгȥ
ôĻûȳһ룬ʿǾѱɹǻˣֻǻҶ᲻¡
ξŰۣ˵߻ǸϽ߰ɣװ˳ˡûõˡ
ҶЦٺһЦٲԡ
һ˳ͷšһն𣬽ҶЦ˵Ӱһû
棬˳˽ӥͲŸϸű˶˳ͷ
ӥͲУĿҲһŤΣϡģؿͷվˣģһ֮󣬼˶ȥˡ
ֻʣλҶ˧糣һİƮƮ¼֣վڳͷ
Ⱦ˳̲סһᡣ
Ǿνġ׳־δꡢӢĩ·ıô
˽˵Ľע֮£ˣվڳͷʼһ۾ǰƣƺȫȻ޶ԣƺѾ֮⡭
˽˾Ҳ˸ͬܵ΢Ӧ
ǻԼ¡Ҳֻѡǳͬһ·ɣ
ɱУ죬Ӣĩ·׳ʿ
־ɡ
Ǻúӣ˽һ̾Ϣ۾ҶЦҶĶӣƾ˵Ӳͷʵ
˳ݽҧס촽
㣬û취
ôղΪβԳ
ΪȻ֮Уģôˣ
ǰ·ޣ;֮ʿôһʱһս֮У
ȻǧȻע֮£ǷһڿĴ߶֮£һ·ȼնϣͷһû
ͷϷˣһ˲䣬ʹ˳ʧڴ֮УҲˡ
ƺѾһ֮лҽ


717 ٣
Ȼ˵۾ȴƺôˣվţӢ£侲򶨣Σȴ׳
޾ɫ
ԼѪ⣬
أȼա
Ӱڳ˵ʿҲͣסݽŲ˾ĿͷעĿ
ĵˣֵ𾴵ĵˣ
ˣֵ𾴵ĺӣ
˳ʵ۹Ϸһ£ΪλҶӣߵ⼸
˽˵˺úǧһ䣬ͬ
˷׷ױʾͬĵͷ
ȻʱͻȻ䣬ƺӳͷһʲôٷ˳Էɵޱߴĺλ
һʱ䶼ûпǾǺⱻյȫŤĿռУҲ޷ȷǲǣֻǴ
һ̣һ˶ŵ飬Ȼˣ

ҶЦӰʧһŨ֮вãƬؼ䣬һ˿˿⣡
졢ޱֵĵؽ硣
ͻĺ⣬˫˶ͬһľ
۹ؽȻѳ֣ȴ𺣱ԵشԽ΢ǰһıʿֱ챻ˡˣ˼Ȼк⽵٣£⺮⣬͸͸ǣ裬һ㣡
õں¯һȣôಡֲԾĸоأ
ȻֲԾĸоֹһ˲
һ̣ͻĺԣԽԽԽԽأԽԽҰ
Ȼޱһڲ࣬ȴԶԿͻĺ⣬ʱƺȻ϶ʱڣ

϶ʱҲ϶ûĿẮ
ȻųһȴȫĵķһʱܱûĸоңԲǴҲΪ鼤
ʵĺ䣡
ǻ𣡡
˾ֵشȻַ˸಻Ծĵط
ĿԭһͻȻпһ㣬ֻ˵ǣֱӵһˮѩ˪һˣȴӰĴһһӿ棬ȫѹ
ȻֻѹսƣҲ֮
ٹƬ̣ƺĺͻȻϮ
šһ£
д𣬾˲ʱ֮䳹Ϩ
̳Ҳһ˲ȫûˣ
ȡ֮ģǸڴ֮ϵӱ˪Ǳ˪أڿٵţѸ䣬ԽԽǹٶҲڽܿ콫ԭŻȫǱȴֹϢ˼Ծɼš
ͻ˪ϯصͬʱͻšꡱһ죬ȴƬشӶͻȻѿһ죡
ѷǵףһɿխ
ȻǱȵϺѣ
˶Ŀɿڴ
˾ǴĿģĶǣ
⣬ô£ô˹仯ȻʱΪ£˽Ŀɿڴǰľ˱ʣһʱֻоëȻ
ĺëը
ߵʿ˼Ѿɪɪ
һɫ࣬ɫ࣬ȴֲֻΪ̫䣬ĺ䣬պþһȼ֮٣˵ȻʱδǣǿΪ£ǣȴǸӿ£
еıҲƺһغҪȫʵ̲ס䣬ҪӵȴȻ֣ԼָͷȻѾܶˡ
ƺ˱ϣЩ˺ò׽еǹڵϣȴԼ˺еĹоȻһƤ⣻֮ûмʱ֣ȴΪ˵ĵطǵѪΪľûиеʹ
ôݵƬʱ⣬ȿֲǺεȵϺ
Դ˼һκ˶ûһεϺ
Ȼܹ˹һ˲ȫ
ֱǲ˼顢ŵ顣
Ŀãţ
ֻӦ˵ѾʱϺļޣó֮ΪǾأ
󡭡˧һλΪ׵ĽǻţȻѾÿҪܲˣǡǻǸϽɡٲֵǿ
Ƕزݽ˵ȫˡ
˽ĵ׾һǰλһΪδԪΣõԪн׶ѣʵѾоųɾϵ֮ϣˣˣô
˽̾һ
ǰЩղŻڳȼյľѾһ޴ıɽ͸һ㡣
ɼ׶ѸΪ⣬ȺǰδĿֲ


718 Ҳ
һʿɻʶƵ£⣬ȫѾܣûȥˣʵ̫ˡ
вˣոһˤڵأȴѾˣһƴ࣬һƴ̧ܲΧ˼ĺ䡣
ǿȥֻǱĶ⡣
ȻߵŸոһǰ溰ɱ
ɱ
һ𣬱ѡ
شźȻ򿪣ǡ򡱿ղŵһȼǣʮ͵ĳڳ飬ҪһϵĴ򿪣޿ܣپ֮һıˣξδܼȻһȭֱӴ飡
ǰһ˴ӭչһȵĳţеʮֻҪܶܳսģᾡͬɶҩһ绢ѩ
ɱڣɱķɱȻ߿
ĿЩϵʿǣȻһź£ͷñϽϣźѥڼ޲ʾһʵ׼̫ȫˡ
һӰһ˱ɽ֮ҶЦҶ˧
ȴҶЦɣݺݵһȭѽɽһ󶴣Ȼȥ漴˳Ѿһ˪һɱ
һƮȻˢһʹ˻˹
ǵģǻ˹
ΪڣѾǻֵļһ֮󣬱Ƿ۵糸ļУԼҪʹ١
µǼ״׷ѧɴ͵һ壬ȻʼȺӵŻС
ˢˢˢ
ҶЦĴ΢ʱ㣬ȫ淴
˽״鼸ͻһ㣬ۿŶԷÿϵĺ£ףñӣЬͻȻһҲ
һѪ˳
ڻֻ죬ĩŹѡ
˶ֻǴŵ·޷ȱ¡ϺҪӺļԷȴѾ£ްñӣסЬ׼
ȻЩ޷ȿǰʼҪȵҪǿö࣡
Ҫǡ׵ķǿյסġ
Եǰʵ̫Ҫˣ
һ죬ѾԶʤܣ
ӱսģɧңѾһŻҡС򳽻ʡʿһǧɡ
⣬ôڼȫʤʱ콵Ϻʲôʱڣ
ⲻ⣬ʲô
˽ͨı£Ҳûκΰ취һ֯Ҫ˵ٶȼӶ־
˽ͼ壬ңεѣһһȻڴ޼ƿʩֻܿŰܣʲôо
˽¼ѪͻȻֱֱͦĿգƴĴһ찡
һѪ
Ѫɫ޵˼㣬ȴ˽Ѫ
漴˽һͷˤ
ʾһɽ
ǵÿһƥ϶а޲
˳һѱס״̬˽漴Ӿͷһ˻ȥ
ӭУ
˳һȡ
ٽҲǺУҲ¿˿̵ȴѾãӪѾҵ˼㣬ﻹ˼ʲô
ֻǵϰһѾЩսʿľģȫ
ΪʲôϨ
Ϊʲôһӱô䣿
Ϊʲôܹ׼ǰ׼£
Щ⣬ڿǲ֮ա
ȻЩⳡսϢϢء
˿̣ίʵûȥЩҪ⡣
ڵ˻ûгԼʱԼѾһˡ
ԭ鱦֮裬˼񻰣컯Ȼʱڣ͵컻գ¶ڵָ֮䣬ܣɼĶ֣˭ܲܣ

˿̣˵е˼񻰣鱦֮裬ҶЦҶ˧ȫǽҡ
Ϊû뵽Է²ߡʵⲢ²ߣսκһ˴ҶЦλϣ¶ֻȫһͿص³⡣
֮⣬Ǳ
ȻҲѡǿл⣬һսϣͼܹƻһвãԷȼ𣬵ˣжԷ»һʮˣ޹ذǿгԿһʮаϣֻȫīܿһ;
˵˽ȡ𹥣ȻȻͣս۱ԣȴǵǰʵսս
ȴⲻڸով쵽˽ͼҶЦЩ;ϲĽг
˽˼ͼҾսսҶЦ˵ϵڱһĺս


719 ׷ɱǧ
׼£׼һܹĶһҹ֮䣬ʮ׵ҩˮָÿս֮ǰһµ֮á
Ȼ˶ײҶ˧
ʵô뵽һ׳ڼŪ¸òô
㣬ʮУ٣ΪʸؿиʽҲȫټڳʴһҲֻʮˣһãպϳˣ
պϳһ£ɻ󲻽⻹ɻ󲻽⣬Ȼ֪Ҷ˧ڴʲô⣡
ȻҶЦ֪ԼʲôԼʲô
𣬻κ˵ǲɵԿܵġ
ҶЦȴȫȻЧ
ΪҶЦ޾ռ֮УǴһһȻĿǣ
ڤ
ڴȼյҵ˲䣬ҶЦռڵڤ˳ȥ
ڤһ׳ȥģٿ
ٿΪڤ̵Ŀ񱩺
ǵڶμ
յһڤϻ㣬ֱ˳ǳһ겻ıɽ
һ˼漣
ʢʱڣܹɽڤңڵȴοƲһ
㣬ҶЦȻš
гֵƶ
Ȼһϣһ˲𣬶ңҪô̵ʱʵǧ⣡
һʶԣһҶЦ治˼񻰡֣
ȻˣʵԴͷڤҶЦֻһ߶ѣ
һʼҪý˵ǰǣҶЦߣԾ棬´ǿƷʤ֮ƣȻҲ޴ת
ҶЦĴ㣬һ̳ƶľսĶģڻûпʼսʱ򣬾Ѿȫ
һսôܲʤ
ʱҶЦڤջ޾ռ䡣ڤһֱȥĻ¡﷽Բǳɽһˡ
ڤȻѾȡϺȻڼӣɽȻڲ֮󣬾ͱ겻ıɽ
ɽ˼䡣
ϾһԵͶٿ񣬵͹ģĶۣҪڵһǻأȻˣҶЦΪҲǵտɱȣˣҶЦҲܴӦԣ

ɱ
ҶЦ˵һӪһ֮࣬Ψ
ţʷڵľӣƲɵƳ彫
ǹѩݿ࣬ȫ޿ء
ӽʿսġս⣬̫̫ıʿиɴûб֣бֵĲ֣Ҳ裬ֻ̬һ浹ɱһǧÿ˶ǹ˲ñģֻ֪ƴķܶѡ
ʱҶֻͳ˧ŽУҲѾע޷ذܾ֣
ƺǼš⡯Χת㹻καʤһ˲䳹׻
ǰһܣʿȫޣҶЦʮʤ׷һ·߸ͽ׷ʹȫκεĻء
˵ʵڵģҶЦ治ҸԷʱ䡣
˽ԣֻҪһʱ䣬ܹЩٴ֯γɰսǿֻôһ·׷ɱȥһֱ׷ɱ׷ɱŻҰ֡
ַΧһ·νͷѪء
ʾӷ棬вνѾһڽ죬׷й˳
ʮֱͺǸѼһһʮչ׷ɱ
࣬׷ǿսۣھʷһľӵʱ򣬼ܷ£ȴڽ죬ô漣һķˡ
һɱҹ׷ɱ
׷׷ţ׷һǳأȫ֮⣬ԾɳشǶҶЦľҲ׷ŴǶؾ죬òҶЦʲôող֯ӪͱԼһһɢΨһҲͲֻܸܶѡ
һǳأХ
ؾǸսͼ˻ɢУͣܡ
ǰҹʱ䣬ҶЦϹʮȴһ볽ʵ۹ȫϳ˳ʰͼ
Ȼԭ⹦ʧȥгʹȫջأ
ڣһ·ʤ׷ȥ۹ļ߽ǳأһԶռһֱ۹ϣǣͣס׷Ų
ǲսǣֲ֧סˣ
ǰҹ߲ݵ׷ٽ׳ϱһηƣޱȿܵʿȴҲѾܲˣҲ֧Ųס
Ȼɿ쳣оԼܹһ
壬Ѿȥ˼ޣ
վʱ
ҹ˾ϣ߱кˮˣһ߿һ߳ԣôЩòеģֱõԼϻһ


720 Իʹʤ
һ·׷սǧŰ·;
ǧ̣ôٿ
ҶЦ¾֮еսҴģ಻ʮ֮һ
ҴδЩһƥƥȫܲˡ
սѾ;У
ǿأܹܵȫӦؿˣöӱܹһһ֮ҲȴǿŵһĽߣôһˡ
һ·ľƣۣ־壬Ѿǳ״ݻ٣ıܣֻʣ߶ѣһȫˣޱƣʹһϮٳǧˣôϢ֮˯˹ȥһ˯𣬾ʹڽ֮С
˽İϹһʮռŻصǵģȻʮ֮Ĳбܽ
̫̫ˣ֮УҾ棬໥ֻ̤Ҫһˤôͻᵼʮ֮һţȻ󷽵սȺ¡¡̤Ĳȳࡣ
ʲôˣʿֻҪˤôһΣôҲûվĻˣ
Ҿ֮Уֻ̤֮µģʮˣ
ȫȻʧȥ˼룬ʧȥʶʧȥǣǰеˣȻŵѾ֪ɱС
֮䣬˽ѪȻԶһһֱڣڻԲ֮У˳СĿʱ

׵ǰϢҶЦڽ֮ǰӪկ
ϣֻüɱҹȫ˼Ϊƣ۲Ѹֱ˯ˣ˯Ϣ֮󣬺ܶ˲ϳԣֱӵȥ
ӻûȫڵϣѾʼ˴ࡣ
ʵϣս֮ǰҶЦÿһʿȹһе񵤳ɷֵҩˮһ˯ȥʾֻҲ˼ǧˣ
߲ٱۣܲˣʾͬܲˣзҩˮһ·ʮûмԱ漣ʤԵĿǰ󣬾ҪƣҲǷƲ˵ģ
ҶЦǽļҹ֮ˣû취ôһ·ҶЦ޼֮⣬ȫˣҶЦ¸̣ʱ򣬽ǵԭؾ϶ԼʵˣҲ޷Ťתս֣ʮ˼Ҷȡ
ȻһҹעΪǱҲһŷңһ㲻״Ҿͳ˵ԭؾǰŴıѾæ
ǳ棬ʹԼ춯صĺ
ܶʿȥ˾ӪֱӾڴϣһһѵı˴˻ţǽǻڴм䣬ôƣ״˯ˡ
ʵ̫ˣ
£˳λỹܹ֮⣬ҴĽҲһȫȥˣҲˣôһ·βۡ
вսˣ۵˫ҪȥһȦΡ
еĴΧ˽ǰææµµɫء
ؽɫ԰׵һߴǰñԱˡ
£ôһ£ҷһ·ֱ볽ʸأۿʶǣؽҲ۹󽫣ϴ˿̣λϽԻ
Ұֵ߸ͽռȫϷ֮ʣֻҪټһѾܹʵ۶ݣйȴؾȻܵôңôͻȻ
⣬ϽãԼٲʳԾֱҪˡ
Ľʱս⣬ܵôң߻пԭ
˴Ŀ˽
½һ
ھȻ˴ܣһӡ
Ҳ̶õ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
˽ʿһٶʮ򣬻˳֧ԮʮϹһʮĴվֻ˲ʮĲбܽʿĶ֮ûӰˣ
һսľ޴ʧѾܹҡ۹ĵز
˽£Ȼ˲Ұܣ⡭ҶҲ
һսʵûʲôԡ˳̾˿˵Ҫһɣô⣡
¶ɬĪЦݡ
⣿⻰ô˵ģϴӵĲˡ
ǵģ⡣˳̾ϢʱҾѾռȫϷ磬һ·һʮٳʵ۹һذ֮ǰʱԳֱ롣
Ȼʱ򣬵оԮȫأ翹زзԮҶĴҹ߳ԮĹУٻʮµϾ
˳ʱȣ˧˻𹥣˽ۡ
˵ţ㽫ʱϸ˵һ顣
ϴԲ˵ǺȷսȷսȷĵصӦãΪʲôأĩһҲûܴ̰


721 飿
ֻô룬ǵʱ˶ôġ˳̾Ϣţǣ˭Ҳû뵽ڴոճȼ𣬳ؽӴʱͻȻ䣬ضˣ
һϺƾն˲ʱȫ𣬸γɱ澰һ˲䣬ǧ⣬棬Ķˡ
ʱĩҾʿε֮Էʵ۹ıȴް޿ЬñףѾ׼׵ӭһϺĵ
ʱ˫״ֹ̬̬ҷʿû취ΪһҲŲˣǿ£ҲὫϵƤⶳȥһ顭Էȴ׼¸û¡
Ҿзַʽֵʱ򣬶Էܹ
˳ɫȻ
⡭Ϻϴͬһ㣬ʵ˶ʱˡ
ô£⣿ôϴͬͭһ㣬ɳۿȼڣôܳǵϺҲҪ˵ǰڣžǶʱҲ޿䵽ֲֿŵĵز⡭Ϊʲô
˳ƣı۾£ûжۣҷûκ֪µʼĩԵɣΪʲôһĵجΣ˿ˣȴѱܡ
ϴľȻȫ޷⵽׷ʲô¡
૵ѵǳʵ۹飿ϽһսͬǼ󹦸ǰϦȴǴһɽ˽·
սͬʱۿŵѾֵסҪ֮ʣȴǧ겻Ĵꡭͬǧ겻սĵˡ
˰ͬۿŴ󹦸ɣȴ콵ϺʤҾתʤΪܡϴվţɫѿҪ
Уʵ۹۶֮ǰƺҲͻȻһ콵ɽ겻
УƸ¥İ׹ӣ֮ǰҲ˳ʵ۹ʵһ֮
У鱦֮裬׹ΪΨһֵһ˼񻰣򳽻ʵ۹ͳĪ⣬Ԥף
ϴɫ԰ףһеһУڶԤʾڿĴڳʵ۹ǿĴͬ˳ʵ۹ѵѵ
˳ɫѿϽ˵ʱ򣬻СעһЩΪã
ϴγѣһæ򵹣ĩǰս£һʱڲԣ빫ˡ
˳˿飬ﻹʲô˼ֻǻӻ֣ȥ
ϴղŵЩ˳ԣȴҲһĪ
ʱĻֹϴһ˵ֻӦãӻؽǵʮбܽмû˵м˲ô
𰸺ܼ򵥣Ǿǡ޽У
ѵġڳǱߣ
˳š
˳ֱʱŻô룬˳ʲôˣƮƹĵϵˣŷּʶڣΪһڱʿ֪״Լ⣬콵ɽǰ٣ͻ֮ɽǳһ֮䣬ͬɽڵȻ޴Щ飬߿ܳΪԲǷ֮/ҶЦΪ
ȷҶЦ֮ʵһʵ֮ҶЦǷ֮裬û
콵ǰһʿԼ׼޿֮ƣǿ࣬ԾɲţȲľ֮ԴҶЦ
˵ⳡԴҶЦôʶǸѩɽ˭֪
澰ԴҶЦЩ콵ɽǰǲҲԴҶЦأһռţ˵ɽŵˣ᲻ҲҶЦأ
˵뷨ô֣ŵһǱ߸֣ôƶҲɣ֮ȷǲǾһʼʹأ
Ȼܹһ漣Ҳе漣ͶһˣϾЩ漣Ψһͬ㣬ȫԳʵ۹
˵ڳʵ۹еЩ󣬳Ͻ콵ɽű׸֮⣬ʼٸߣòƶҶЦٴвɷָĹϵ
ڣ콵ɽű֮£ֺγҶЦǧ˿Ƶϵ
ڣжзȨƶҶЦ/֮˼񻰵˳ҡˣˣڷ֮/ҶЦ˼񻰣ʵ۹뷨ģٹ̣
һ߹漣һʤǰ˵γһϯµġơ£뵽Щ飬ͻ뵽飡˼񻰣
ջ֪ʤ
һսҪʤ


722 𶯣
ʵϣһս֮֡커ӡ鳽ʡͷɽǸٹ̵ģ
۹κһˡ
һ֪˼񻰣˭ͬģڸ߲У
˳顣
ͱĶԣڸҶЦǸ׵ʱ˳û뵽ƾȻľݱ䡣ǰ㶼ûеģ۹Ȼսܡܵôǵ⡣
ڶ̶֮䣬ӿ췭ظ
𵱳֮ʱҶЦôվڳͷӣɵҲǷһԭһжļ֮ô˼񻰣һĻ˼񻰣ȴν͵ˣ
Ϊν˼񻰣ֻ˴֮ʣȴܹ뵽ʮԿյʤȻ㡭

һս£
˼Ϣһ㣬Ѹϯ½
ķ𣬷˷
ʵ۹
ǳǡ
޼ӹÿνޱȿơ
ֻҪϳߵһƬ޵Ŀ׷
˺޲óƤĿ̶
˵Ƽ˭УȻƼôһ޷Ļװ竣
ҶӶˣƾʲôţ㻹Ҷӵ
㻹ӵ
ô˶ˣô
£޼񼫣񣬳ΪӦٴ
£޼˹ΪΨף϶ҶЦ޶¸оټ֮¡
ߣ㲻ǿڿ˵ҶЦܴʤ̣ȥ֮󻹲һζĹ
һζǸ˾ؼ֣ʲôͣ
һδɵ竣һ˽Ķ֣޼ɣЦ
ϷȻŹ㡭

ԴҶЦ֮޼ɾͱЩȫģ׵ģܵİΧˡ
Ǳ˹˺
ûмֱӾǱȹ󻹲ң˲ֱӺɱɱʲôʲôʬѰаĲп޼ɾûӹģ
ǻʵ۱µһάЩĳһټʮˣ״Ȼޱȣÿÿͬ
ÿһ죬ֻҪǰûдʤ̵Ķô޼һӻͬһѰ
׿ϳ㣬³֮ǻôڷ絲꣬ڵ޼Ѿ֪ʧ˶ٴΡ
λ󳼶һʼٸ߻ʵ۱˵ʲôʲôô޼ȻȻ׵Ĳѡ
Ū޼쵻棺ԲۣЦЦϽʤ̰Ͻİɣ
֪ҶЦˣʤ̵ϢôͻȻˡ
ʱϳ
޼һߣŬСԼĴڸУ⼸һɵ˵ѼӣֹܱĹڦһĻÿһ춼ڳϷһ顭
ս
ˡ
شݣ
ֱ֣ӽڹ޼ɺҶЦͣȫķˡ
شݣʵ۱űʱһ񣺡
ء۹ʩԻսӳʣ٣˲졭ҶЦҶ˧ҹ߲ݣһֱ׷ǽǡǧʧأǵȻջأжն񡭡Ŀǰԭ
䣡
ƳϵϢһըһӸըˡ
˶ڽͷӶ
ÿ˵Ŀ⣬Ĳţ
ʵ۱Ϊͨ죬Ȼڵһվһѽս˹ȥͷβֿһ飬ͷЦ
ҶЦȻûй޵Ҳ޵飬ҶЦ񣬹Ȼһսɣ⻼οӳʣȻӳʣ
ʵ۱˿ǰĿϲ֮С
Щڲˡ
޼ɵͷû˵ȴһˬʵ۱ڽԼ¶ˣʼٸߣס
Ȼʵ۱˵֮沢ûԤ֮еһƬ蹦̵֮ײϡϡļ䣡Ӣ䡭
ڳϵʮλ󳼣ÿ˵ɫѿ
ԭҶЦǻʵ۱µ⡭
޼ɣǰ䡢
ôǷ񵱳ҶЦУĴɱ䣬ҲǳԻʵ۱µأ
϶ҶЦôĵӣ
һٵسôң

һʱ񹥻޼ɵΪʵ۱¿Уܲᣬͬô
ò治֪Ǻˣ
ڣѾҶƽˡ
ս£ҲѾҶЦոʧأ۹һۣ֮ڣԻָԪ


723 ھ£
ж棬սնսǧɽƾУֻҪԲеʧ󣬾Բ£Ϸս֣󽫾Ǳߣգ۹˧һʧ
֮ԭ᧿Σ⻼һȫûˣ
ôһʵ۱µĿ⣬־͸תعˣһвг
ˣ᲻ٵԼͷأ
Լ֮ǰòƺҲеˣ
һʱ䣬ڳ˶дģľ
޼ƼҶЦйӷΪ
ʵ۱մ֮£Ȼǿʼͣ޼ƾչߵ¡
ҶЦ˧ڹ֮֮ͦ㣬֮νӹΰΪʵ۱ڰ䲼ʥּȻؾ֮з͡
һ£ɾһ£ЩȻոعʧأõδЩܹԱԵΣ࣬ΪΣ
ʵ۱µһͿ࣬ѯ
޼Ȼ̫ͣԻƼԱΣʵ۱ƼʵҲ͵޼ɲˣҲİס
εȵʣ֪ܲҪᣬΪԼ·
ͬǷּ֯١
࿪ʼ˼Ⱥ׷һĽʺ޵Ŀ⣬࣬Լ޼ɡ
С쵰Ȼһˡ
ĺòʣ


ͬսսǧɽɫˮĬ֮󣬽սһϣһǰû
ڽΧһսݣ˾Ǵһ
أ˽ܣ
۹һʮĴܹŻȥģֻòʮĲбܽ
˽Ѫԣʡ¡δ
ʵ۹ǵѾʧأڣֱָ߰ǣ
֮ʱٳ֮ΣѾǳ׽ˣ
˶ĽһתǣҶ򱱾·һ·ҹ̣ϸսߣһ·ϸսߡ
Ԯ
ȶвս֣һо򱱾ĳԮֻ䶼ˣ
ˣ£Ƶ׶
սǧɽ˺þãʧ̾һ
սˣѲΪսǧɽ쳤̾ǧѷĸ𳽻ôװ״Ȼӳô
ľƣĻᣬ򲻻ٳֵڶˡʱһڲȹ̣ȻʼţʱҪֵǽпˡ
սǧɽ̾Ϣһ˺´ƣڳҲڣһ߻سɣȻҶ죬ҲδؾͰܣһϷȥ¡
ڳһϡ
սǧɽһվɽۣĿעӶ棬ңնӪƻ𣬾վһϡ
ҹĻ
û˿λһᣬ谵ҹɫУȻк
һ룬һ̣
Ҳûܹһս֮󣬳ʵ۹Ĺսȫھ£ǲӵĹھ£
鱦һʾʵ۹ԵУ濪̣ԾûлһǮ
սֽս½ˣǱǮԾԶԶûлꡣ
۹һս֮ս޹սս뷨գȴƱս˥ȥ
˳֮£ΣԿ
һ㣬Ѿ϶ʵ۹һͳµ⾪춯صһս֮󣬱Ѿ춨˻
ƣѶ

ҶЦûмȥȥǡ
ǲܣֻǲ룬Ҳټǣֻǽ˽׻ܣҶЦΪԼѾ㹻ˡ
ԭǲڳ硢۹һۣͽ޹۽˥ѳɶ֣ųʵ۹ֻҪڲ⣬һͳֻʱ䳤̵⣡
ˣԼĸףڿԷĵ뿪ٱµŵԼѹ
һ
ǡҶЦ֣е֮кܶ฻ࣻʵϣԴһ·׷һʱ򣬿ռֹͣռ֮
֮ҪѾˣ
Ȼˣνٶɱ
ԣҶЦڵڶ죬Ϣòʱٴθɳһõ˫˾Ŀ顣
ҶЦ޹ġ
Ȼǰ
ʼ
۹¶һҶЦһݺǳϡ
ǵؽ˼ʸͲҳսŽգΨʢĳʾ仰֮ǻȥ˳
˳Դ˺ǲ죺Ҷ˧ҪңҪɶأ
Ǻ˳ǽ
Ҷ˧ҪСŮӣ֪кιأ˳纮˪վڳͷӸ¡ֻǣҶЦ񣬸ޱȡ


724 Ϊ˱
ҶЦ°ۣ㣬΢ЦʶһȴԶղм룬ҶĳҪ빫̸һ̸
˳ƵҶЦʾЯʢ֮ȻռϷ磬ȴҲǲʵҽǾ㲻㱾ԭеسǽʿʮһջ壬ǰһս㷽ȲʤȯôԷȰһ䣬ʱ˿̻ǹս˱ΪˣǱƻǽδزƣܾˣ֮⣬ǰжԣʲô̸ģ
ҶЦ˼һ£µ˼Ǵ˱𣿡
˳һʲô˼Ҷ˧жϣ˲˱ʲôģȫҶ˧Լˣѯģ
ҶЦ۾ųͷķܷǳеҪֳһ֡ճյؿųͷ񣬵ϧ˰죬ջû
ãͻȻһЦȻҪ˱ôڹµϣҶĳʹ˱ǣ
ɽˮ£Ǻڣ
һ̣Ҷ˧״Ʒǳһͷȵȫʱ˱
һͻ˼֮Ĺ
ǳϳ£˻ǳʾˣ˳ˣͬһʱĵɴ۾
ɲǼ䣬ϳʮֻӼͬһʱڵȥ
λүզˣ
ˣ
ɵˣ
ˣ
֮ǲأ
ǹҴ˰̣ҶԷռˡ
ò׽Щȫˣ˿̻ռ˾Ϸ磬һƬãκһ⻼֮ǣ
£ȻжԹҵһ㶲˼䲻ŵвʹ˱˭ᵱ£ֻᵱЦ̸
ȻȻĹԹ˱ˡ
˸գ
ĵˡ
˳Ҳɵˣʶʳһɵ˱
ҶЦǻм٣òȻЦЦͳŹܹôΪǷ˱ȻȻ岻ݴǵģ
˳һȻһЦˣлҶֳȫ
ҶЦ˿ڱƳ֡顢ճյšųͷоûӣһ䣺أ
ⲻ֪ȻҶЦоԼʼûԼĵԤڵǵڳϳ˿⡭֡أճյأ
氮
Ϊ˲һЦΪ˼һ棬ΪˡҶ˧ȻȻȻط˼ֵĽһʤھһƬõ£ѡ˱
ֻΪˣ˵⣡
Ǻε飡
Ҷ˧ô̴̲ء
ֻλӭʵ˧˱˧¿ɲǶϷ
ҶЦһһȣҶѾӦ˹˱ѵҪ˧ΪǲŲ֮ô˵˧˵ĻѾ˲𣿡
ĳˣһɽĿȻǴ˵еĳʵ۹֮ף棬ʤΪ
һ̣ĳһ𣺡ʿȫ˱ǰͷнߣն

¡¡
Ҷ˧ıȻĺ¡¡˱ˡ
ͷϣϴԼһУҲԼһС
ġ
᲻̫Ϸˣ
ϴתͷ˳õ˳ݵͶصĵزʣ¡лίˡ
ϴԷ˧Ȼ֮£ʹ˱֮ĹԻΪ֤¿϶Ѿ˾޴ġۡ˹ġʵ档
ۡʲô
ʲôġۡһλһ֮˧ڴõ֮£һȫŵĶв֮ʱ˱أ
Ȼλ˧ǹǰһ֣¸ġۡ϶Ҳܴ򶯵λֲеģ
֡ۡһʲôġۡţٹ£֮£ֻҪ۾ԿԴӿǣܹµõ
ڱ԰ԵŮǣὫ֡ۡʲôġۡǾ͸Ǽʼǣö֪ˡ
ô˵ڵĽڵʵǣҶ˧µİս˹һв֮󣬻ˣ
˳ŶԶȥ̳ǳ˳飬ȻҲ˳顭
Ȼ󣬲ڷӦ˲ʱֱȹ׻ڣ
ҶЦг㣬ȴ˱֮ϰԼһ
˳ֱһ仰˵ˡ
ϴȴһ̾λҶ˧λжĳǰֻ˵˵ֲ֮ɽ˵Ӣۺúȴδۼû뵽쾹ȻˣȻ仹־˵İ


725 ֣
ҡͷһ꣺Ϊ˹£λҶ˧Ȼʲô˰û˱񲻻ᱻʢŭ֮µĳʻʵۿԴ϶ôûأ֪ˣȴȻȻȻ˱£ǡ
ϽãͻȻоһɵɱ⡣
̧ͷһȴֻ纮ݺݵģðźԼ
ĳʱ̲ס˸£˲ʱǲľ
죡˳ҧĴ۾棬ӯűĹâ
Ͻ״һæЦʵµҲعֵĵģλҶ˧ĹƳʻʵ۱ôҲɱԶԻٳǡ
Ϊ˳λҶ˧ء
п϶꣺˵Էǣ֮ԵгϾ¹ҡϧݾ춯ص鰡
˳һԲͷȥ
ϴͷƵġ
˳治ˡ
ҪȻͽһڰ˴ˡ

˳ǲж˵ʵ˭λϴ˵Ļģ
ҶЦǰԼˣϲԼϲ˲һеĵزֻΪԼ˱Ļ˳ֻϲοǣȴ
ȴڡⲻİ
һȫҶЦıݣǽԼһţ˳ˮۣȥ
˳ٲһʥ
Ż£
ҶЦʲô뷨˳һ
ʲô鰡ʲôΪԼһ仰˱
ȫǳٳĵ
ҶЦһʼͶԴһ̲鲻Ըģʱ䱾ĸͲȥˣľӣѾȫûаսƫƫûкܺõ˱
ԾԼͷԼ˵һκ˶Ŀвȴǽӣ˳µˡ
ƾԼ˵ЩҲûԼλȻ󣬽ԾǸڵĽѡ
ϾҶЦҪģֻһڶѣ
ᣬȴƫƫøһһŰԼ˻ˮ
˶Ϊ֪ȷţΪԼ˱ġƫƫԼ֪Ͳ
ǣԼ˵˭ֻأ
˳ֱҪĳ˵Ϊˣ
˳³ͷʱ򣬷ܹопԼʿ񶼺֡
ֵ񡭡ݡ
˳ֻоϷ̣ͷŭѾԽԽǣܹŭֻĻԱ˽һҪҵö࣬ڤ٣Ҳδˣ
ֻ֪һ£֮ԼʵʵӹɵĳΪ˴˵
ңȻʷ
֮ģһ£Լڡ
׵סͷβıҶЦ쵰˸⣡
ҶЦ˳ڻصԼʱ̲ס˹ıˣ쵰֣Ҹûûˣ

ҶЦһȣس
ʿǳĬظ·ٲȻһĺı뺷ʡ
ȻΪʲôʹ˱Ҷ˧˵˱Ǿ˱
Ҷ˧Ϊ˶˱ֻҪҶ˧ϵŮˣôֵǾĸԸΪһΣ
ΪʲôֻΪˣҶ˧ϲŮˣ
ҶЦ֮ǰһʤȻ׵շЩģ
˵Сӣ㻹⡭ξҡͷ̾Ϣǡӳ׵Ĳˡ㲻˵ҸһҲУ˵ôء
ξδܼңȻǳҶЦ˳֮⣬˶һ֪Ļˣ
ҶЦ˺ߣ壬㲻ɴ𣿡
ξȻ
ҶЦһˣֹùһȴ֮ǰµļ߹СҲϤóһֱ˵˳ʵ۹ԭı߷һأҲǼйȹأͣ½ŲȻ󣬾Ϳʼļʱڣͱʿ֮޸йȹع¡
ǽս֣ԼǰĴ½ƣҶ˧һ֮ǿҰصս֮ǰ״
ڱУȻһ顣
ֻǣе
뵽Ҷ˧ΪֿɵõʤҲҪˣֱ˱Ϊȴָо˵Ȼһֲ鰡
Ҷ˧ȻҶ˧
Ϊ˲һЦԲɱͷ
ս±֮ǰйȹأʹйȹ֮⣬ȴɵĵؽ磻ֻ˵֮ͬؽ磬۹Ľ
ҶЦȴǽһлعԭ㣬ʱһУȫȻûзһ㡣
Źţ··
Ϊһս½ʧȴ޷üֵˡ
ŵ࣬ʵ۹Ϊ鱦ĲǴսӮңԺһ㡢硢Ҫ˥ʮ꣬ڱԭ棬ңǵ򣬸֣֮ڣǧԺ󣬲ԭţ
ЩҶЦԣûи壬ڰ˴֮󣬺ܸɴʧӰ١


726 Ȼ󲨣
ȫ޸ذһʧء
Ҷ˧ٱ֮ʵָʾָʾ
أǽ
Ǽˣץʱ⣬ԼΪһźáյӣȻԶˡҶЦ䣬ƽ죬˵ġ
ҶЦȥ鱦һӦɱ֣ƽ˶ûдߣ
ξ֪ҶЦȥ˺η
Ҷ˧ڴþ֮£ЦһͻȻνȻ󲨣Ϣһ𶯣
ո˵Ҷ˧ʤǿսʤ˽Ĵ棬ȴҶ˧Ϊ˲Ҫɽ¼
ʱ½һε̸ʡ
̫ţˣ̫ţˣ
ǣ治ҶЦΪ˲Ҫɽ
ֱֹԼҲҪˡ
˵Ҳǡ
ǵͬıĴﰡ治֪λҶЦôġ

½ŮȴǶʱ𺳵ĸء
˿ΪҡôһСҡһ󣿡
˼½аεŮʱ飻׷׶Դ˵еλ繫˳Ľʺޡ
ĺ뿴һλ˹жȻܹҶ˧Ϊôò
Ҷ˧ȻһӰ
λ˼ӡ

Ĵ˵Բһǡǰ󳼣һ˹ڦҶЦɣȻΪ׸ҶЦ֮δ
һϴ
£ҶЦ۾ϣв֮ģ
ҶЦսսڲ⣡
ҶЦ̰ͼɫ۹棬
ҶЦƣǷ֮
ҶЦԼ۹Ͷѹ֮ģԶ׼ⲣԾ󻼣

࣬߼߼ԲеòԲе·ɽκˡɳһϯӿȣȻĪ
ϣֺģҶЦһ̣һγΪǧָ
ٴ󳼣𣬿ƲҶЦ֮
¡
ʵ۱³һƬĴǣҲ֪ʲô
Դˣ޼վ˳ҲһΣڳϷԼ
һɺԣȾĪСſڴƻơߵڰǷǵ۹ҶЦ˧䡢ʾʿĺ
޼ɵһ仰ŭ
޼ɣҶЦһ֮ѣ󳼷ŭĿ޼ɣ֪վ˽Կ֮
޼ɲŲæ£΢м仰Ҫ˵
ʵ۱³
޼ɫЩߣʱΣѵͷҶ˧Ҵ־ʮ漲Ԯأʱȫ¾ֻабܽȻֹԤƣҶ˧ʱ֮Ҳʮ֮۹أһʮ
ʮһ֮Կһʮ˹սۣΪҶ˧ΪҲҶ˧߾ıٳմȫʤȫҹȲѫĿ˹ǿ
Ҷ˧Ϊ˹ս
˵ʲô˵Ҷ˧۾ϣв֮ģޣҶ˧֮ʱ˵۹̣֮Ҷ˧۹˼Ǳٳ£֣Ҷ˧۾ϡڲαضһ٣
ֵҶ˧սսޣսսģֻǶãսڵ۹һ֧־У
սҶ˧֮£ǵսܾսȻڲ⣡
̰ͼɫ۹桢۹Ͷѹ֮ģԶ׼ȵȣǻףޣ˵۹桢۹Ҷ˧ɵô
֮ͶСִضʱͶУǵҪ˰۹֮󣬲ͶУǵûӣ߳ùܲе㿿׵֯Ҳһ㿿׵
֮УΨһһģҲֻзһ㣬һ㣬ǹôʱȻܿ䣬һǧҷأҶ˧սȻʤˣҲֻǲʤ
ʮԵһʮʤǿƶ࣬ⳡս۱Ѿ漣ȻҷȻʤˣҷʮʿȴʣ¶ˣʣµǷǷս֮أ
ֹ۵Ĺƣʮˣһ֮󣬻ܹʿţѾ֮ˣ⻹ֻǻŵģû˵ŵ֮Уж˲Сжսġ
ҲϹսˣȻӦ֪һսǵʧξ޴󡣡
Ҷ˧һ·׷ҹϮǵʧأذȥ߹ǣҹĲ߲ݣʣ¶٣


727 ޼ɷ
£ȻǴʤ磻޿ɡǷҪҶ˧Щǿǣɱ縹ءǺôϲֱǱŹȥ
繫˳һȻ֮⣬ȴδؾΣ۹һʱ䲻Ҷһ£ǹȥǷ𷴻ȴһ¡
޼ֵ͵ǰʵԣҶ˧ڳɹ֮ܵǲĸ߸ͽҹԼε˱䱾ʶһָƵ̬ˣ˵ֱһ㣬ֻ˵ǲһ㣬ҲǣҶ˧ıʵѾûս֮
սֻ̣˿ƹϣʤΪܣһ£һսҶ˧òʮϮһʮ˫ɫôռϷʱ
Ȼʮһʮоһսѵ¿ϹѫԶ׼𣿡
Ҷ˧ֿɵõĸ湦ҲҪڱ֧ӵ״Ѿȥ˺εȶӵʲôزֻǿиɶǺû
ǸҡлλһвҶ˧˳µ˱ɣһʤ̻ľ㣡
޼ɵһ˵оݣⷬˣǲɵðͷʵ۱£ҲΪȻ
ʵ۱Ҳսϴˣ֪ܲ޼˵ȫʵ飿
˵ף繫֮νԵֻҶ˧˱һڣɶ㲻ϡ޼Цڴˣ֣صķȰĳЩˣǲҪϾˣڱµӢ֮£ֻѿѡ
һλ󳼺һ˴δƫȫ֮ӣҶ˧ıĵսĲҵزôս˵ףսͨƪȫǴǾ۾֮
ΪҶ˧ҡ޼һĿͬһ㿴λ󳼣Ҷ˧Ȼεţܻһˣܲܣͳ񣬹¾սٽԲԣȻ롢һֱڣҲֻǳʱȥЩ˺󣬱˺üΪȴԶ˿һ䣬۾֮ˣ˭أ
ôˣϣҶ˧սҶ˧˼ΪսΪ࣬Լĺ󱳽ˣ̸ΰģΪΪҶ˧ôҽ˭֪֮ϣû۹ڼ飿
һڼĴڣûڼ飬ֻҶ˧֮ĲȺˣлᣬ֪ǲð󲻻䣬й¶ܳȥҪЩսĹսĵϸȫй¶۹ڽЩʿˣ˵Ҳ۾֮ֱ֮λ޴ǣ
޼ɵԴ絶ԴŴγо֮ԣ̬ȴ˸ָ
ϣʵ۱ɫͬܲȫǰ⿪ʡ
Ǻڲ㣬Ҷ˧Ϊʿδܹһ°磬Ҳûпܣ춯صĴʤبԽҲǶһݵģǵǰǺҲģ³ԽεǣֻΪΡָӰ죬ֹͣ˴ǰ˹֮£˱⣬Ҷ˧ڷǣ
޼ɷŭĴһЩֻΪһ˽ģ˵۹ڷ
ǵŮΪս󣬵۹־֮УȴΪսڳ֮ǰҾģҶ˧նɱͣǾʹ˻ģ˵þ˸ֶΣԸЩΪսľˣ
ôʱзһһԮôûУʹ꣬ԱŲţʳһݵĸҲûвҶ˧ǲǣ
УǰʿأûóǧҪ˵ʲôʽţɸΪ֮Ԯʳ߻أڵ۹ȱľӣзһǮôûУûУ
ȷǲ˹ҰΣȻʩһֶΣҲҪҶ˧أ˽Ҷ˧θҽǱߵʵϣ˼ЩΪ۹ͷ­ѪӢжѪʿι
޼ɵۿˣҲЩ˻ƣ˻ƵڳϾôصѻȸβһ˿ڷ
һλ󳼿˵۹ԵУսأѲظﻹиıԴȻᣬǮƣȴҲ޹֮ҵȻģҲӦ֮Щǰʵȴôܹҵͷ
˵仰ģ޼ɣǻʵ۱£ʵ۱ܲסİָŭ˵仰ֱǷƨ
ڳʧɫ


728 ϴ
ղ޼о֮ԣԽ࣬ػʵ۱£Ȼڳ֮ϣȻֿڡ
зŭѾʲôز
һɺԣ۹濪ս֮ȷʵ׽⣬Ӧά裬Ե鱦ڲƸ֮󣬻Ѿʣʳҩģʽʸķս֣һͣƽȣ޹ʣʲô飿ӯ࣡
ȴԴһ˵֮⣬ٿһսֻԲ˵ҲӦô´࣡ʵ۱ֻĴڴڴϢĿ׺ݣʬλزͣ˼ЧңȴݺԹҸǵȨͬͨ飬Ȼ޵ǰдʡԲѣ
ΪѾӹ޵ǵ𣿡
ʵ۱һŭڣѪͫʡ
֮ϣѻȸ
󳼣ɪɪ
Ψ޼ҵĴ˵£б࣡
ʵ۱һ
ӷ޼һſڵһԵҲһһʱʧ룬ʶ۾עĿԼ
޼һʮλ󳼣
һʮˣ˿֮̾ϣ
ʲô״ѲСҪô
һѧʣһô˵
Ȩı˽ԼֶռӸλѹΣ֮ʣЩ˲˼Ȩı˽Լֶ󱲾ں󷽣Ҷ˧֮Ϊε˶ˣԭֻն֮ˣЩ˵ֶ󱲣
۹ս˼ʸֵԵУ濪ս֮ʱѪжʮ֮߰˶ѾѪɳġΪЩȨĺӵܣȴһҲû٣ȫ־УΪ־ǻʵ˽ֻҪͷ֧Ӿǰߣ
СԭСϾ
˽Ŀ޾ѹͬţ̰Сȴ̰Ҷ˧նɱȻ䲻˼Ҵ£Э˹Ҵ壬õ۹ʯأ
˿۾ʣ˿۾סԮʹҶ˧ݣԮʹҳʱһս춨ǧҵĴʱʹɥˣΪ֮ɥʩڰ׵ߵɥĲ˷ָ
˵ȼ֤ȷ䣻ð£ʥã
޼ɹڵϣ¸߸߾
һƬš
ڳ˾ƤֱעĿ޼е£Ҳֹͣˡ
޼ɣҪһճд󳼵Ľࣿ
磬ûôĳڰ
ǸǸҶЦг֮ǰȻΪ㣬ûôҪʲôҪһˣһ׻⣬һȫ壿һȫŪ
ʵ۱ˮһߵĴּ̫༱æȥ޼½˹
Ϊ޼ɴ˵⻼ƽڻ̴棬峯٣ƽ£ҳڲһ飬ԴģǬ£ҳ֮ҵ
ǧҵ٣춨ҵڴʱ
ڻƽɨƽ£
˶֮Ѫ֮ģ
޼ң
д󳼴ʱо˫ɲ޼֮гЩˣǸоͷк죬ͷۻðҪվסʲصģȻȻ̱ڵء
еգԽԽѹ֣ѹֵ˾
ʵ۱µɫҲԼ˼̺⡣
ָͷЩʶθ֣૵⻼ƽ⻼ƽ̴棿̴棿
Ȼδ˶ظоһȻȻɱѾʼſռ
ʵ۱д˼ʣȻѾɱ
£Ҫ޼ǻƿСΣһٶλ󳼣Ĺ£ύӣʥǧҪΪҵҵȾǡ
տڣʵ۱Ŀһ
ˣ֮ейԱȫãһΣ
࣡
ϳڣ
̫
ϳڣ

ʵ۱½г֣ϼλƮƮĴ󳼣ˣ˰ٶλԱŲ顣
ϳּ
޼ɣ
ڣ
̲ɣܴ˰и
ּ
ʵ۹һʷǰߵĳϴͻȻôէһѸչȣȫȻûκεԤף
ֻӦ˵޼׳֮ǰʵ۱£ڣûκ֪ϳôһ
Ⱥһֱ伫ҶЦֻһ
ʲôսҪڦҶЦ˵Ҳֻ
ʤ֮ҪĻҶЦأҲֻһԭѡ
ɽվҪء
ûʵ۱±ŭģ޼֮еһ仰


729 ʹʧıŭ
Ҷ˧Ϊʿδܹһ°磬Ҳûпܣ춯صĴʤبԽҲǶһݵģǵǰǺҲģ³ԽεǣֻΪΡָӰ죬ֹͣ˴ǰ˹֮£˱
ȿ˿۾ʣ˿۾סԮʹҶ˧ݣԮʹҳʱһս춨ǧҵĴʱʹɥ
һֱͳһ½ΪռĿĻʵ۱˵ߣ
ֱǲˡ
һһٵ춨֮λȻݶ֣̤ƽ£ڵĴûᣬôװ״ˡ
ʵ۱Ҫ˻
޼ɵĻԶ׼еܷǳ൱رе
ҶЦǰսۣʮĴܽԷһʮôܿ䡢ǣⳡǰʤԽ
ܹϸʮԮ֧Ԯȥ˵սǫ˵Ŵ˿̣۹Ѿǳʵˣ
ڣһս֮۹˳ɥʧսһ겻
ʵ۹ڱԴ֮ҲӦά裬Գ룬֮ǰɳıʿʵʹڱְˣûǰûΪʱڽȣûлʱ䣬ȴԳԣĻʱ䣬ٹ֮նʮԮȻͣȻִܲ٣ȴԲǲеģҹӲ
ϧҶЦ֮ôЩʱչȥˣҰ£ûⷽ¹ȫûУһûС
һص㻹ڣʵ۱º֪һλ֮󣬽ٲһ浹ʹ׵˵Ļˣ
ΪҶǱѾϧ۵˱
ҶΪˣôĶֻܴһ£Ҷ죬Ҫ뿪ˣ
һҶ뿪ôҶЦξ϶Ҳ뿪
޵оҶ˧Ҷ˧ͬʱ뿪ʾ뿪ʵ۹
˵ȥǳʵ۹һ˰죡
Ǵ죡
ԺûҶ츸ֵܣҪսϲ·Ķ˽սǧɽԼһߣһֻʣնһѣ
󽫾ϼλʼҪѷɫһ
һߣȻٶ۹ֻ֣סʧѾܿɹ˵ʲôͳһ£ǰΣ˵ΣͲҪˡ
ԮǮʸ㣬ҶЦַսһ磬ҲǶϡ顣
浽ʱͳһµĴս͵Ѿ죬ѾڳԮ·ϵҶ϶߲˵ģ㻹ߣҲֻܵȵⳡһͳ֮ս״ߡ
ڣֻΪ˽˶ԹԼҪλǮԮͳͳû
һսѾֹͣˡ
޼գԣмգ
ޱ޽Ǯ޸ʣҪʲôûʲô㻹뻹ʲô
˧֮ҪǻִȥǲǷأ
ֻҪһ뵽ͳһµĻᣬѾ߬ȴƾշˡʵ۱мֱͺһѸֵȥʹʹΣĪ״
˿̣Ҫ˵ʲôģʵ۱¼ֱһ쵰Ķˣ
ǧѷĻᰡ
޽ɵڣ
ҲҶ츸ܹΪʵ۹Ϊ޳һս
սѾڣȨȫתУ
ǣҪֹͣǺףھѾĺƽ߽ս¡
Ҫ
ٴѾһϡõڣ̸ף
ûо£ûʱĳҪսĿԣֱ㣡
ʵ۱ĸζˡ
ƮƮͷ߳̾Ϣ
࣬ӡ˲áһͷҡͷ̾Ϣ˵Сһĺĳ̶ȣֱǡ˷ָһ£Ҫһɱļư
һͷЩ˵ˣ仰˵ÿɲ԰ѵЩ˻ɱ𣿡
ɱβɱ˵ֻôһԵȫɱ⡭δҲ̫̫ˡ
Ǵᣬôŭһͷ˵СȻǼһЩ£ȷʵõʱʧʧ
ʱȻõʱ೤̾һǣ޼ɵҲίʵЩ³çˡ
һͷĽʺ޵Ŀࣺϻģ˱˻ҪԣƫƫôһӡôģϷĶôˣôͲһ޼˲ţ
ǵźӣ΢Ц
һͷ̾˿ֻϧ޼СǴ˵򡭡


730 Ů
˵ʲôǣ಻Ŀͷ˵Щǳˣø֪Ҽ޼ɺѾˣõ鱦Ĵ֮࣬Ѿȫκˡ
˵˵ţЦ˻ȻѾ˵㣬ҾͶһϲ£޼ɵһСѾУҵĴãѾˣñ㵱
ĸͷǴһ˵󣬴Ե棿
Ļ֮£ڲԶ䷢ģһѻϷˣ
ȿȡ࣬󡣡һͷʱҲһӵѣȿȣһиŮǿУͤͤüĿ续ԣҪֱһϼΣ
һͷʱ¿ͷˣͶ٣ԣǵϵŮ͹ɫ㣬ˣŮһһʵ䡭
һͷǱĵ˵ɱˣңŮŸͷݺᾩǣ˭֪Ȼˡϻ˵Ĩɱ˵ôȻԽԽûнڲˡ㿴ҼǴŮ֪ġģ˲ţһ֮ѡΣ
һͷĵŮǵ񳽻ʵһˣ¡
ƨ
ŷƨ
˵˵ŮȽϵŮ
ˣŮȵŮ
ĸͷ˴֮仢죬һ㶵һһ۾ӣۿҪ˼ʮ֣

ʱһЦ˾ջϲ£죬ԵһŮټǺôҲǣһҶɣļԹ϶Ϸβŵν˳øʧɩ⣬޼ɵ£һҪҪһЩġҿôг⣬ҪǸɴŮǶ͵Ҽңѡ㣬Ǹ
ĸͷһŭ
϶Ϊ˭ȻҪǵŮѡ㡭
ʱĹ۲죬Щͷһ˾ܿ޼ɵǱ֮ߣ
ӣԵ˲ǰ;ǣѾڳ֮վ˽Ÿ
Ҫһ㣺޼ܹڳվȽŸȴǲûжϵҲֻһѡ
޼ܹڳվȽŸȫĸʵ
Ҳȫǿø˵ŷּʶǻۣ
µһǡ޼ɶԻʵ۱µ˼Ȼյ쳣׼
ԹɫģΪؼҪֶΡ
޼Ѿ˳ɾͣ˵ã
֮⣬ͷǻóʵ۱ڿ޼ɣֻҪ޼ɲʲô޴Ĵôδõһˣ޼ɣ
ڵģ
ֻһ㣬Ѿ̫ܿɹˣ
һڱ˭Ҫ˭ռ
ͷƵãһһ㣬ԼҲˣƫƫֶûгûܹ֧ŴֵģֻҪԼһ˲ʱ˥ܣǰ顣
ǽܹ޼ؼŮŮǵδ䣬סһֵòٴֵĴȣ
ŮνɾӣʵǴŵҲҰ
ͷʵ۱½ȫᣬ｣ŵŮ
ֳһţȴ޼ɴҴҶһʱ֣λϴˣ⡭½׸νУϴʾ¡
ͷи⣺Сӣථ£治ҿеˣСӣˡ
²˵㸺𣿡һͷԣҵǡ
޼ɿЦ¾ôһ˵Աµǣ֪ܲᣬ²ΣҸŸλϴһ£ѧ㶫ʶ޼ǿ׵ġ
ⷬһı㰮ëҲǴĵͷ
ͷ͸ĵ˼£޼ɵĿҲӵˡ
˼޼ɣ˵
Ҳǰ˺˵£ǵˮ©ˣδǾǲһ仰ͿԿ϶δʵ۹һ֮֮ϵλã
޼Ī
޼СӣϷղڸүү˵꣬ҽãµףѳˣʱҲˡŰ׺ӣһɴ˵
ף޼ˡ
ܲ£СڣԼ֪ԼɶУ˵Ե죬ôףǴ۵أ
ϻ߯Ҳ޳ܣȻ۾˵Ϲͷƿڴඨ׵ķҼң
ĸͷÿ˶ϼ޻ı㣬Ƥȳǽ仹Ľɫڣ


731 ǧƣ
үүǸô£޼Сһߣࡣ
Ц֪ʲô£⼸ϻ쵰Ůˡ顭ÿ˶۾˵ϹȴҪָ˵ϹһȺϲޡ
£޼Եʱס
£Ҳô
࣬ߣһʱˣҲ㣬ϱУҶϱҲУʱɾ˵ġһͷдʵ˵Ȼˣһأʱ˵˾͵
⻰˵ã޼ɶͷ̫޳ˡ
˾˵˵оС˵ûУҲУ
ôˡ
԰ɣҸô˵ġһͷŽţ˵㲻˼Ȼһ˺üңûôµġ
ۣĽԼĺҲһơ
ôô˵ģ
ô˵˵žͳҲ˼ҷǾ˺òã
ȻӲקϷ֣
úúã浱Ϸƿô
ϻûеģ޼ɵ壬һ˭֪һİѼŮʵʵ±Ϸ򿴵ףԾܾŮػѡھȻϷǰߵǷǻڰָ¹Ϊͼޡ
ҲڱˣȻ亱еı˴ֿڣ֪ǲǸĳĬء
޼ߣүүǻȿһ°ɡڿɻǱߵţôȥ¿϶Ϊǵһױһףִ֮ѹԱͷ֮ΪãĿﰡ£ִ٣Ҳ١ᣬеʱ䡭
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷϷӣƲˡ
ĸͷҲ֪޼˵ֻòپ¶ֻǿֹһ㵹ǻᣬŮӸ㲻һŮٹɾͲˣҪΪүүףƾϷŮƷò׵żȻСڸв֪
һͷݺݡޡһĭԱĵԸӵ˵Ǹ˵ŮŲꡭͲˣҾ治ףνĵ꣬ǰʮʮǰ
һͷʼػڲ˵ֻˣһ۾޼ɡ
ȻҪλˣʲôۡ
޼ɣ£㳫ģЩˣҲȫ㵯ģҪоôġ
޼ɳһ££ɴСʽҲԸ죬֮ʱ飬ǳһʱߣֻ³ç嶯ԼĿǴ㡣
ʲôǣô㣿
ԭֻΪֽ´ƣѾһͳµ޼˵ҶҶ˧һۣѾԭǣвصĲԭǻȻڡһ
ҶЦһս֮󣬴ȫʤոʧأ£˽Ѫԣ˵ڵϦڶʱ֮սˣ۹ΨһǵĽҲʣһѣҪǣ۹һս֮Դһʮƣʧ϶Ҳˡǿû鱦һĳ޳ṩѣǳʵ۹Ľȡ
棬۹˴սȻĲ࣬ʼǵ۹սճ־ãսǧɽһ˱֮ټ֮ڣעս
Ψǳʵ۹ȻҲ࣬ҷȴڣǹӯ࣡Ŀǰԣǵǰ֮йģ
ԣһͳµͿ꣬Ҫ
ʱ򣬳ЩͶܣֻ֪ӬӪĴǣѾӦӲʺϣٴڵְλϡ
ԣǱҪӪһδϴϴãʬλز͵ļһȫϳȥֽܷͳһµĽŲ֮ǰ˵ҶЦ˧ҽԼĺ󱳽ЩˣҲˡ
һҪ̫ãֻǴһʱ⣬ôͳһµĽŲҲᱻͺ󣬻Ŭʮ꼸ʮ꣬˵ŬҲ޼£ڣпҲһͳ£
޼˵һ鵯ڣȻǰһʧء
Щˣ̫ƽʱڣһֻ۱һֻۣңϾȻ̰޳ܣЩ
ȴҪȡʱ򣬶ȴ־Ǵ˵˲ţȵһףԣҲֻܻ
ճЩλãϣӹ£ߣΨն֮һУɨƽǰΪ㣬ߣɱ⣡
޼ɳ˵



732 
ⷬһ˵ͷһһǸоԼģƺһŻ棬һֱ
ɲǼ䣬ȻѪڣ˷֣ܵ
ͷԣžɽĸ磡
Ȼǣ޼ɵ֮ⷬҲɱĶˣ
ΪǶû뵽޼׼̵·Ȼһͳ£ǧҵ֮·
ЩԤ׳ǰЩѾڳʮû뵽
ã
ͷֻǳ˵һ仰һ֣ͬһ֡
Ȼÿ˿޼ɵֶһˡ
Ȼͷ¶޼һ壺޼ɣԭΪ֮ǰۣѾǹˡڿԶԶĲ̫ˣ
޼ɣֹٽһɳԾѾһ꣬оôעһ˵
ǹŴЩʷĳܳĴ
һ˿ɵ£
˵ľˡ
ܻҪһ
ͷĵٶȿʼûʧǰզûأû֣һһҶĿ۲ʶ񣬽޼ҶЦ˵˹Ϊ竣
ڿֹһҶĿֱϹˣҪôôĿء
ν竣ڿ޼ɲ֮꣬ȻհԶؿһͳѾʵʩˣϽУԵӢηԱʿ׽ԽԽߣһȡ󽫾ơ
ڵ竣Ǻų֮׵ҶЦϬûˣΣ֮ʣͦʮǿƴս˽һʮ£
ˣȻǼǰԼеġ࡯ϲϯԵΪ竡竣
竵ĻôԼĶʲô
飿ңϲģ
ͷ̾Ϣ֮İûڲѡ
ģҲǳ˼ʮ극ˣƽϲ˵ĵȴڼΪϺ꣬ڿϹϹûһأҲмʮҲмʮͷˣûˣ
Ⱳǻȥˣ
ڼͷֻ룺ԼҵŮܲ˼޼ɣ
ͷ̾Ϣţڻȥɻˡ
ʵ۹ĴΧģϴʹһ֮ʼ
Ǵһʼ֮ơ
һɱȥ
ҲǴһ쿪ʼźһ޼׶չ¶ɣڳʵ۹ӵԼĻȨ飬޼ɺͳʻʵ۱Ұļҵչ
˶ͳһΪǰᣬĿ꣬Ȼһļϣ
ϴ֮һʼͳһ·ߣ
ǲ·ġֻ谭·һ޿⡣
ʵ۱µľģ棻޼ɵȨ֮·ҲԲκ˵·
˵ʵ۹Ŵҵʹ޼һֽ£Ļ

ʵ۶·ϡ
Ҷۡ
ӳʮӭս˽һʮҶļ٣
ڽӵϢĵһʱ䣬ҶȫԸԮߣ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ˧Ѿһ·ȴԾļ٣ͣ㣬ҹ̡
ǸС쵰ʲôʸңҪԼҲ޷˵Ӯһս
˵˫⣬ȫء
˲״˽ҶԼҲƵ֮ߣοԼǸûϹս̵Ķӣ
һ뵽£Ҷͺ޲صǣץסʵ۱һ٣סָűĵǺξģΪ㰰ǰô꣬ˣôĵǰҶǰߣ㻹ûеģ
Ǵµĸ·ʱͻȻ
ս
һɳɺһֻŸ롣ȻΪڼֻŸȻѾ߬ˡ
Ҷ״ȻһǰнðѵǰѾˣ
ţ棬ϾЦѾһʱգ˽ôʤ֮ƹذ£Цˣȫûˣ
һʱ䣬Ľҵ˼
治ܹҶ˱ۣȫûõط롣
ҶЦЩʵ䱾ûϹսû뵽ǰս֮УξЭξ˳ҲֻһŶѣ˧ǰҲմߵġ
ңһô㣬صĲбжʮһˣ˽һʮ˵춼һȫ꣡
۱ͳ˧սȵȡκһ˵ҶЦԶԶ硣
ƫƫҶЦڳǻᣬΪɱôȨֱ֮ӽԼĺ·һɸɾ
֮Ĳƣܲϡأ


733 Ӣ۶ú
Ȼôʹսôս¶Ȼսˡ
⼸ǲÿǵ顣
Ҷ쾫Ƭ̣ؿƫ˵ҶӡҶЦûɣ
ҶϣϣǸеõ϶Ĵ𸴡
Լ൱ʵξԣҲܽҲ
˵ʤʲôǼֱ̫ݳˣ붼Ƿ
˧γԣƫֵؿҶ죬ִ˧ô˵仰
Ҳ̫ûˣղҷѾսһ˰ĵĺϢҶЦҶ˧Ǳȫʤô˵
ҶԽڻָѣսΣ
ԭ˧û
ƫɤӣսٶ鼤ٴսһսҶЦҶ˧ʮ˽һʮڳ£ʤ׷һֱ򵽡
ʲôʲôʲôҶ켸ԼĶ䣬ֹʲôʲôӮˣҶЦӮˣ㲻ڿЦɣ
ЦܿЦôϲ˧ǻȮӣҶЦ˧˵á
ƫĻϲĴ˵ţҲһӾͱըˡ
Ҷ󽫾ĶҶЦһλҶ˧˽
ңǴھƵ£ʤ࣬ǿȫʤ
һ޿漣
һ˫˧ÿһǸǹľͳ˧
ÿһĹ˫
Ǵ棡
񻰣
Ǻεҫ
Ǻεȵģ
ƫĻҶһҲûֻǸоһ㱣ƺ˶Ʈһʱ䣬һ˼Ҳûˡ
һ־޴ҸϲãϮҶģ
ЦЦû
Ӯˣ
ʤ࣬ǿƣȴʮбܽͻ˽
½
ҶأԲŵһսȥϸϸĿţһҲ©
֮ò
ͻһХ
ңȻ󣬹Ц
Ц֮Уȴ¡
ϱ㿴
ǵĶӣ
ǵĶӣվǳɲˣ
ң£͸һѫ
ûʧ
ǵĶӣҲûʧ
ţһž۵ӣԶˡ
Ҷ쾫𣺡·ٶȿԷЩüŸ·ˡ
һµҶ˧ȻеعЦ
ϲ˧ϲ˧
Ӣ۶ú˧Ȼһӣ
ʲô˧Ҷ˧ҲҶ˧Ҷ˧

ڽĺϲϴҶһ·ߵüֱ֮ͬƶһ㡣
Ҷعһ·ϣһֱŲõЦݣûжϹҶ˧ƢҲøĺãͰס
Ѿͷͬ۽죬һҲ档
Ǻôǵһμ˧˸ˣ
ֹǺǰδڴ֮ǰһζûй
˲һ졣
ҶЦҶ˧ΪһЦ˱ľ䴫һδ
䶯Ϣ򱱾˲ʱѻȸš
Ҷ֪òƴˣ
˵ǽܣǣ˱˵ȻѾռĵзǳҲ˳ȥ
˵ǾͨС˵Ҳְأ˽Ϲ
ô˵Ǵһ
ο»ǣһŮˡ
οǸŮ˻۹
¶ҪҪͨѹ粵ˡ
ǿųնĴﰡ
ţò˵ҶЦ˧ڳ֮ɱٻӵ˺ôһƱˣ䳯ͶǶѹ磬ѹ磬ĻĳʤӶ࣬ϾĳӽȨģƱĳõᣬǹ˽㣬᲻侮ʯ֯Ҷأ
òƲ̫ð죡
ֹǲ̫ð죬ֱ̫ðˣ
˲֮࣬ɫѿѼȴ޼ƿʩ
ΨҶҶ˧ȴɫԾǰһЦǺǣȫаż˼
˧ͻıʿЩһλСѣٽ¿̫Ƿˡ˧ֻҪúóıһ£ӦԣԷ⡭
˵ĲѪգһʱΪ鰮ԣɽ˵Ϊȴǡһҡͷ꣬ȻǲΪȻԷҶЦֻƿڴˡ
¶ô찡ЩʲƱ˴£ڮٴ˧ٽĹ֯Ҷţܲһǵ
ٽҲȷֻ֣Ϊ˲һЦ˱Ȼȡ޷쵽൱̶ȣ治Ǵ󽫾Ķӣǣʰ
ڽ۷׷ף˵һɫ


734 ޵簮
ȻҶɫ˱ĴôЦ̰ɫֻ֮һ䣬Ȼʮо˽һʮԾս֮ǵϣʣ¶ˣ׷ҹ֮жʣ£ʣµЩ˻ܱжٵսսô
ڽԵʱĬȻ
ҶĻƺظתҶ֪ˡ֪ܲе⣿
б
ս֮࣡
׷ҹ
ж
ʣЩ˻жս
Ļսô
֪֮ˣβÿһʣͬһȫ񶨵Ĵ𰸣
ҶЦԿ϶ķʽǰ漸أͣڡս֮ϣ
ôԼܹ˼أܸ϶Ĵأ
һλѰ˼οЦȣûԿ˽ϣҲÿսԼֻ¾һıսˣ˽ܿսǾûܹһ˵Ǽ裬Ľˡôʮˡ
ҧ˼һ£ƴ˻ţѾϴ󼪣ǳʤѾֹ۵Ĺˣ
˵Ҵ֮Уٻǧˣȫ˾УҲ棻˵Ҳ࣬ࣻսȫͳܹ֮ǧսѾ֮ң֮еĴҡ
ţҪõֹ۵Ľ⻹ҪһǰʮʿȫǾ֮еľƣп
λ˵꣬һλǱĵ˵˵ܱǧսֹҲֹ̫˰ɣѾذɣûҹ߲ݵ׷ɱսҿսѾЦˣ
˰죬仰ͬ
ߴսԤҶЦչıֻʮͷҶ쵭˫սҹ׷ոʧأйذ򵽽ǵʱҶЦֻжսΨһ𰸣κսȫ£ȫʿ˷֧ܵţ
״֮£Ǽֲ˱ôؾȳؾһսֽϻ˲ʱͻᱻƣڹռǼǳأƾҶЦǵˣǿռݲֻ󣬱¶ȱݣˣҶ
ڽһЦ
ʵ顣
£ŶԷֻҪҲҪ̫࣬һܹЩһȫˡǻٽľ˧˵ֻֽϻһƣȫսһλЦţҡͷ
ôռݵзЩǳòóʲô𣿡Ҷ׷ʡ
û𡣡
˱ѵӦãҶʵ
Ӧã̫Ӧˣ
ԣҶЦֻǽλ繫Ϊһ˱Ľڶѣö֮һ˱ʵҲͬ£ǲûֻΪǴ˧ǹһӣ
һȻᱻڸ˧кɫ֮ӣȴһ㶼ûʾƸӸǣʿԼҶһȻЩ˼ҹ˵Ӳصȴ֮ߣν˱֮У
λԿЦ
˧ô˵Ȼûʲô⣬ֻҪ֪֮ˣֻҪǾˣ϶ϲ˲ͬĹؼȴڣ֮͢ǰĳЩ֪ʵˣҲֻŪǷǣʵ֯Īе
οٽڳ֮ǰôˣЩ˱Ȼ侮ʯ
ɫսµȻ䵽ٽͷϡ
ԹҴڣٽôô˵ҲϣЩǰ׽ʹţУǣϵ飬Щˣȴô˵ùǣЩ˱ĲУ̸ֽһʮġ
ڽɫ㻳
Ҷɫת䣬һߣ˵ҴΣҴȵҶҪҵĶӸ˱˱˽ͽҴ¡Ҷʲôпɱ𣿡
ڽĿࡣ
û뵽ող˵һ۵Ҷ˧Ȼž˵ôһλ
ΪԸӣҴ¶ˡʲôˡ
Ҷ˧Զӵ簮òѾȥˡ£
ڽʶȤĲ˵ֻֻ֮иء
ƣٽǿŮţҶ˧ҲоҶǿ㣡ƯĻأȫǳ㳤úãܳɲǡ
۵Ǻ֮
Ҷ죬Զʵ̫ˡ̫簮ˣ


735 һ˼
λжһָоҿٽǺܳɫгϢģûʲôϢһ竣һЩõϰô֪ᱻ󽫾߳ʲôء
ʵҲˡ
ҶȻһӢۣȴԶ̫ڳˣҶЦ֮£ҶȴǲԼ̡֮ܽ
ҶУһֱоԼԲסӣԶĶӿνжӵǸΣԶʧȥĸ׵ǸΣȫޱ޼ʵİ⣬Ϥעϡ
ҶԼˣҲԼܵ°ί
νҶһ㣻ҶЦЦҲ治֪޷Ļɫ
ԣЦûиҶЦòˣҶЦˣʵ۹϶Ҫᣬ½ҪŻǧҪˣҶʵʵԶԶļޣҶΪ˷ŭʱ䱬ʵ½ĳؼ޷ȼ֮Ψлһ;
˵Ц˵Ľ٣൱ʱˣ˵Ǽ˺½ӿţȴ»ʵ
ҶһԼӵĸףĸȴ̫ؼҲϧһСһС
ȻأȴȡϾһʧ⣬ƱؽĿº
ط
˵Ц
¼䣬˭һףδɾͺ³Ҳȥ˵ֻǣŵʱȴעҸģ

ҶЦȫݣҶ󽫾ó֮󣬵ʱģһ·ߵˡ
⣬Ҷ컹׼ߣһʲô˲ۣҪʶԸҶӡǾͱӲ棡ɱһ췭ظꡭ

һλҶ˧ʱȴǱ׼ϵŴ£һ˼
ڤһεļޱļԶԶҪһɽ
ɵ˲ǧοֻӦֻһڤļһСֶѣ
һСεʱܱȷ֮Դڱ״̬ڤ类ҶЦսռ֮ǻڳɢºʱͳ޾ռ䣬ȵҶ˧һپ̺˺ܲٵĺܣͣȴûн̫⡣
мĺܳ޾ռ֮У޾ռ侭塭Ǹɱ䣬һʱ䵹Ҳŵסǰ㣬ܿ⣬Ѹꡣ
ȷս֮ҶЦȻʱȲһͷ˿ռ֮У㶨ʣµļܡ
ҶЦ֮ԻôżһȻеҪڤļ֮һ棬ȴרעֵ״
ҶЦ֮Իⳡսĸԭ򣬱ΪҪҶЦ޷ֻѡսռֲĲ㣡
ѾռҪ˼һ쳣ķΧ֮У
ǵĻÿһʱÿһ̶ڷãͷǹõɫʡ
ͺǿգһֱڵ˸ռǹ롣ÿʱҵʱ䣬ͻȻһƬǹ⣬š
ʾţֵΪǹ棬ֻһ
ܶʼÿʱỻһµǿա
ÿһǿת֮󣬱Щƣ˸֪Ҫ˸ٴΣжַ޵ͼһͣ
Թƣ棬Щ֣
٣
֣ҶЦһѣĸо
ֵ֣㵽һô춯عھŽĳڰ
ҶЦĵ׶ԵֵڴνԽԽˣ
ڵֻһƬţȲЩˣҲѹڤ塣ԣЩֻҶЦһԸ
һǰļܣǶڵҶЦԣһ൱޵
൱ޣҲֻǱȽѶѣ겻ɣҶЦΪԪ廹һξ룬ҪԪܽ
ҶЦȫڿռɺ
ʱ䣬ɴûŲһ
ʵ˾۾ᵰֵı仯
Ȼٽȡ⡭
ȫת뵤֮вת֮εĲӣҶЦΪҲڲϵ
ڳļ֮ŵĽ֮£ҶΪٶȿ켫սǧ
첻аΪҪǲĻľռҪٵˡ
޾ռĸɶϼ֮޵úܣҶЦԴ˿Ǻ˽⣬ʵϣҲҶЦһֱԸڤĸԭڣ


736 ڼ
оǣҶٶΪȻĻϲǣ֡ʽıΧҶҲоˡ
̾˿
ͽʱĽȴǼ˿ϲġ
һ֮£ҶЦΪѾʽԽԪƷ۷壬ԪһƷҡĽԼ۵ĽҪģ񹦵ĽҲѾĽ˵ڶкڡ
ʵΪ̶ȣҶЦϸؼһ¡
ԼԪһֱԪһƷԽʮСƷףȻͻ׽׵ĵڶ㡣
˾ţһյѭ򽥽ؽڶкڡ
ٶȣǿأأ
ţ԰òԼ۵⣬ԼĽٶȵĿؼʱ䣬ǡ
ԼڵԪʱͻƵڶ㣬˳ڣһֱŬôã˺ڵ˺ڡ
ɴ˿ɼҪͻƵ㣬Ĳ㣬Ҫε
ԼĽٶȣԼܹĸ߶ȣ
ͨһ㣬ҶЦ˳ĵĲ뿼⣬붼롣
ΪˣֻҪһ룬ôһ£Ҫʧȥȥ
Լ֮޾ռ䣬ҩĵر֮ļѵȴҲˮƽδ֮·ǰ·δغܺ߰
ھֻǣδֻһǰߣֻ۾ͿԼĽţߵ·;ôԶһ죬ߵġ
ϾԼһʱ䣬ѾѰһҲȥĲΣòǰԼԼĿǰĽҲʮʱ䣡
죬ռĺɣռ䣬ľռܹʱɵʣºϮҶЦ߳ռ䣬˾Ʋ˹ԼԴһ
⼸첻۵òᣬòᡣ
ԹҶЦûеȵԼ˵仰ֻص˿ռ֮Уպ
ڿռʴΣʵ̫ܹʱɲζžͲ𺦣ܾȻǾĺãһҶûκȤˡ
ʵ۹һӦ顢ΡȫѾˡˣˡ½ĴС飬Ҳȫˡ
Щ񡢹Ҵ£ͳͳҪˡ
ǿ϶ٹˣ
զذɣ
Ҷ˧һӲɵҲû⣬Ͼ˼ˣлξи˧мλЩôҲڻˡ
εҶ˧ң£δܼˡ
ӸǴսģƨɵģǾҪĳˣȴҲҲˣĳʧ֮С
ʱ׹ûЩ֮µʱ䣬һգۣȥˡ
˵۹棬ּνղѾ˰·ϣҶҶ˧ҲѾ˵ز·̡
ҶЦҶ˧Ծٲ
ĳǰİʱֵһٺ¶棬ȫҪżˣ
ڽԴĪ֮κΡΨ೤̾ôһλΡû¾ܵĴԪ˧Ϊ˵Ҳǧδ֮ľ

ռУҶЦһ
ȻǰɫģأԼŨŨ˪Ϣһ罫ȥȻʮɣƥδɢ
ֱٹƬ̣ǿڰɢ١
ֱ˿̣ڤĺҶЦڽ֮ȫˡ
ɣҶЦվһ壬žž˺һ
Ȳջķᡣ񹦣ڽ˵ڶĺڣҵΪҲȻԪƷ
п۵ۣܹ൱һʱ䣬оƣۡ
ҶЦŲǰڱԹְ֣ôڡ
û˵꣬ͻȻסˡ
Ŀһ˫۾˲ʱˣԭڵֵ棬ȻѾûЩǹ⡣ЩֶͼҲȫʧûгֹһ㡣
ʱ˿̵ĵ֣ľֻһŵȻó棡
ɫĵǣش
ѾЩ͸ɼһֻ̥ڵ֮о
ż΢䶯һ¡
֣ڵ˼Ҫʱ𣿣
ҶЦǼȻѾȲҪ֪λַģξ춯صޡޡޡˡ
ԴʼһֱΪֹҶЦصĹƣԼɵҲܳɾԼǰЦǵΪĳ֡һǧ


737 һ飡
ɵ֮׿ĹŽ㣬׻飬ҲҪϣ
˵лԵɺϻá֮
ǿرԴܡ
ȻҶЦЦԪ߽ߵԨʶԾ޷󣬾ʲôޣֲ󣿾޵˫޶ԣҪô˵Ļ
ôӴԼҶЦȫȷͬʱһǧҲҪôܣ
룬ҶЦǲԶֵģĳԵֵԾӣԾɲа
Ϊִ˿̿Ǿûеһκ˵İˣڵĵֻ֣һŵһͨͨĵ
ٿˡ
һһ£嵰һԶˣǵɶǣһоɻ
˵զأҶЦ°ͣŵ֣ſʵ
˵ʵҶЦ仰ľڶȫûָֻش𣬱Ͼĵ֣죬ͨûɶ
ȻڴʱԼԼоһǡ֣

ҷ΢ʶǴ
ҶЦŵһ㶣ôаæô
ѲҪҽŵˣ
һ̣һĪԳҶЦԺ֮УҶЦֻо䡱һ춯ĪȻԼԺγ˼֡
֮Ѫ֮ꣻ֮֮ģɾͻһ飡
⼸֣ûͷûβûκν͡
⡭ʲô˼
һļдߴ٣ȻѾȲҪˡ
磬Щʲô˼֪ôҶЦץ񣺡֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬ġЩͳͳǸߴϵĶɣͷţɶ֮ͺ֮Ѿˣǡ֮Ѫ֮⼱֮䣬ȥԻȥ
ֵһ£漴µ
㰡ַЩˡ
ҲǸѪĲ˵ôҪ㣬ô䵽
ңңѪģҶЦʱסˡ
ҪѪģ񲻾ףˣ
ҶЦȻԷƱӼߣȴҲûԸֵز
ҡͷɶʱģ
˭ҷİ
ô˶֪أ
ǱߵĴߴپȻѾǵ˼£ɷ˵ĵزôϹ󹦷򣬲ϽҷųҾͱˡ
ǣҵ׸ôҶЦҲ꣬ᡣ
㰴˵ġ
ҶЦͷԼķʽͷβһ飬һߵǰȻһɫ͵ǵͨ죬űǡۡһһѪ˵ϡ
һѪɫޱȣȻһѪ
һѪһӴֵĵǣʧӰ١
ͬʱɫĵȻ両ֳѪ˿·鲼֮ϡ
ҶЦۼʳ֣ȲԾɣָһȻԼָһѪӣ˹֮߱£ѪʱӿҶЦԼѪڵϸϸͿĨ
ÿһÿһ磬ȫĨˡ
ѪȾһ˲һͬĪĸоȻԺҶЦɫһȵ֮֮ѪࣻЭ֮֮飻㻯֮裻޳
ԴˣҲ£ЦǬ
ⷬòҶЦԼ֪ô˵ġ
鵽زȴȻȻ̩֮Ȼ˵˳
δ䣬ָͷƺ𵭵Ĺâһָͷ˵ϣ
ɣһ飡

һ仰֮ͻȻͷֳ˰˰ꡣ
С״ȫһİ˰ꣻͺͻȻһ
ͬʱһȵʹ˱
ɫɲǼ޾ռ䣬ͻıҶЦЩϢ
Ϊɱ֮Ũüʵʡ
ŨƷʻǸܸܵãҶЦȫûɣɵͼûУ
оǣҶЦϢԪףЩʵԵǱʱĿɿڴſڽ࣡
ʱͣ˭ҲǻϢģ
νʱȻǡ
ֻڰƬм䣬һССġѩѩġë׵ġʪġСһһּţҶЦĿɿڴſڽ࣬ŵϴضԼСһķ˷ƤһҲûȫȻΪ⣬ֻĴ˸к
ҶЦ˲оԼȫҪըˣ
ӣһֱ̣ӳۿȻڿбѡ
ҿʲô
ôǿʲô
ҡ
ô²ǧεġʲôһ飡
ȻȻǡһֻ
è
һֻè


738 ǵ֣
ҶЦɲǼоԼȫˣ
ðֻһֻèҪҪô̰
ҶЦԾŵϴȻǳ׵ɵˡ
̫ʧˣʧ˱ĳȻǴ״̬֮У
ڰƬм䣬ֻССģѩѩģôôļһڽһɤ֮ڿʼһ֡󡯵ֻ̬ѩ׵СצӶ˶ϵʪҺ˲ʱʧ
Ȼһׯ֮Ӵǧһе̬һһȵߵһƬԱߣһڣԽҧһ֮֨֨࣬˲飬¶ȥ
һ鵰븹òƾͷЩ±˳ȻȻؽƬǵʣಿһһڳ׳Թ⣬ʼգʼôݲȣڰȻ
Ȼ΢˼ŴݵĲӣһƬǡ
꣡
֨֨
ȻһƬһƬһƬ
СһĿҲֻȭͷС֡ԭǲСгŵϴСѳǰƬ񵰿ǣÿһƬҪϡôһһڵģһƬһƬģһ𡭡֮ȫ¶ǡ
һĻͺһֻС󣬻Եһͷţ
СĶӣڳԵһͷţ֮󣬾Ȼû˿ı仯
ҶЦվţԺֻһƬ硣
⡭ǡһ飿
һֻè
ҿòƳ˱һèСһ֮⣬Ҳûκβͬĵطˡ
ȻȽè֮ͬǡèֻ̥èģ
ֻСèĽʳٶ൱Ѿȫĵǣ΢΢̧ͷб۾ҶЦ漴һֻѩ׵צӣߵĺ룬Щؽе
ҶЦĵͷעֻè
èӣҶЦĸܵ˫è֮еĲܹһ˼˶ѾԱˣСػ𱾴ˣ˱Ļúúǻôôûأ
ҶЦһͷߣȻԷ˼ˣȴԲţʶĵɶ
Сèĳ˵̬ȸӲˣɴжֻǰצӱסҶЦĿܣ˳žƵҶЦҪҸλ£ȴû»ȥ
ĳèмڴˣܻһֻСצקסҶЦӣҶЦĸ첲γһĻƣԼƨ棬ȻβסҶЦ첲ٽһĵһƣȷ״̬źŵ
ڰ׷۾УһֻǰצӾȻԼļӣĽһ
Ȼ˵ŶôûԺҪ״̬ˣҪűү͵ƲУ
ҶЦΣ鴤ĵŻСһһᣬȫĵʹ
ģʲôôŪô⻹ôҶЦ쳤̾졣
еСèԴȫȻؿҶЦʵţβأнһҡһҡ﷢࡯
ҶЦѹˡ
Ĳèʲôʲô
˼䣬Ǭ񷣬èڸоʱ򣬺ܹ֮⣬ʲôܹ
ոȥ
ҶЦص̾˿һͷʵǵ֣ǣ
ҶЦ仰ʱأԻһָɼĳèʧ̶ȡ
ϣʧͶʧ̫ˣǾǾˣҶЦ־̬
СԾɲǣֻһζš
ƺȫȻûҶЦʻƺǸû
ֻǣ֡࡯ȴûˡ
Ȼʾţèֺоˡ
ʲôֵֵģʵ̫ˣ
ɶĻľеһЩĳƺֵֵ֪ģ
ûг֮ǰôƺ˵ҲͰˣ˴˴һƽϣڱѾ׳ȻǰˣȻƺ֡
Ҳ̫ѱ˵˰ɣ
ѵʵǵ֣̫ˣˣҶЦǵ֣϶ö˵ĻֻèȻǾͿ϶ǵˣĵ֣ôʧۣɼ
СèɰСʱһ£һֻצץԼĺӣβһһ
˼⻰ʲô˼ôģ˵ʲôôҪҪʱأȻôñ˲˻Ǵ󷢴ȱʵɡ
ǲ鲻Ը̧ͷĵ
ҶЦ˲ʱٶȾˣǵ֣

ǵ֣

ϣתΪʧոһϣʧ־˿ҶЦ飬Ǳīܹģ̫ɶˣ


739 ȡ֣
ʴΣСèԾѾܸĳˣоԼȫûҪǵ˵ʲôʵ̫ʧˣ°˰ͷҶЦȥ
ĵ˵ȣҶЦĸ첲ſһ죬СԴȥβҡҡųһţԼèϡ
Ψиסè֮ǰֻ۾֮еǷݱĲмֱǺΡ֮
˲˵ˣû˼
һ׳һĴڡ
ͬһȻİ׳ա
ˣҶЦױ
ૣ찡ذȻǸʲôʲô˼ʲôô˵Ҳ˵ȥɡôһֻèΪʲôǻһأֻͨͨСèʲôʸ񱻳֮Ϊһ飿ʲôҪҵô
Mia
СèǳצӣҶЦһצӣ۾ԲԲĵҶЦһƬķŭѾô˿𱾴ˣôңôң
ҶЦֵ̧֣ؿԼѾǵǹĸ첲Ȼ¶Ѫۣٶȳ鴤һ¡
צӵͦ
ֻô˶Դˡ
ôң
ôң
ﻹһΪľ
ˣˣľѳۣҲ޿κΣʹˡҶЦ˵
ܸоСԼ
еΣ
԰صԼСèҶЦܲԸ˵ҾΪѣˣ̲ܶһڳʳ͵ƻˡ
Сȩ̀èͷббĿMia
˼ǡѾĸ쵰˵ʲôѾĶѾǩĲԼȻģģġѾĲңô
ɵǣղžȻңҶЦͻȻŭˣȻң
ɷĶŻеСȴСèѾôβͳ׸סèţһ˯ˣɶҲ֪Ŀ
ʲô
ӱ״
˻ˣһʱһǼǳ𣬶ڸͻһצӣôһצץ˹ȥڹȻǻˡСè˼омϰ£
ϵȻ㣬ɡ
һ˾ˣզذɣ
ҶЦҧҧ˺ģ׻ûýһµءճǵСӹǣһˤ˿զ죿Ǻķ˺ôôԴôŪı
ˣȲͷ飬Ժõŵʱ˵
һ֮˧񣬸һոճСèʲô
ô
˵㡭Ҳ˵ӴԺ͸ˡҶЦ˵仰ʱ򣬻ûס̾˿
ôҲ벻˺ǿܹɾһλɵȻͷôһֻͨͨġè
УĳСèĵ̧ë׵βͣ¶һֻ۾˰صҶЦһۣMia¡
ô˿ǻһ鰡ǲ㣬㻳ôͣôôΪ˭ʸ񱻱ôڱϣӦøеԵң
ô򵥵Ȼ벻ףĲǡ
ˣȻңΪ˵ҿ϶ҪΪȡֵΡҶЦ۾ȴעСһһһ
СһȻһֻèԲƽһġ
ŸոճѾܹö˵⵹γ档
Ÿճ͸ϵСèһе㲻һˡ
Уĳ̶ȡ
ʾ൱ǻ۵ġ
ҶЦ˵ԻȡƣĿȴ̽Сһﵽ״ʲôز
Ȼһ˵ȡ£Сһ״ֱӣӹ߸Ȼֻѩ׵צǰ죬ֻצ͵š
Ƕ
ţȻǴ˸
ʲô
ĳèһֻצӣβ̣ƨ棬Ȼģֻ۾Щֻһӵ˸̬صҶЦ
è˱ǶôİţƣǣȡֵȨ
һ㣬è˻Ǻ׵ġ
ԣȻҪֳһİǣȴѾԾöһĨСֺá
ֿǺҪ鰡
ôС磬ͽ㡭ʺţΣҶЦĳèһһۼԷʾ󣬶е޼ɵˡ
Mia£Сһʱŭʲô֣
Ⱑƽ⣬Ǿͻһ㡭ţΣҶЦè
MiaСһŭתΪŭϵİëſ죬¶ոѿûȫɵݣʾ
ȻԲԵ֡


740 
š
ҶЦ͵طСһݣȻողðһ㶼ȣһǼ˵
һϬĺѾ˵̫⣡
ĳèǰɱĲλֹצӶѣǿòҲе˵
ô㻹ͬ⣿⣿ҶЦ֪ʡ
è˷߷ȻĿλˣͬ⣿⣿ţ
ҲУǸҲУôźءҶЦüͷö˵ĻȴƫƫڻӦ棬һè壡˵ǲè壿
è˴˼Ѿˣ֪ǰһŪԼԸɴƫͷȥצץԼβͣſҧ
ҡҲ˵Իıһˡ
Ҫйʺɣʡ
໣У
ҲҲడʺˣҲң
ˣǾһ㣬С򡯣Σʡ
Miaŭˣ
ҿࡢʺְ֮򳶽ˣҲһ㣿
èŭĿ飬ֱһֻצӽҶЦĸ첲ץ˹ץĺݺݵһҪҧȥ״
ҿҪǸҧӴ˽жʺˣҶЦв
è˼ʱһ£кһ£ùʺֻ̫ˣڻǾΪѣķſҶЦĸ첲Ѿҧȥ̧̧ͷĳҶЦһɤӣȻԼצϵһࡣʾ
СԴҶЦĻȥȻ𽿡
ҲҪôҪҪҪΡȡõ
èˮС۾ҶЦֺõζ
ҶЦ̿סЦһֻèͻȻôԻֺñ飬ʵ̫˷ˡ
ŲոճͶ˰ĳȷǺټǺܶҶЦһ˵мڴˣҿȷһҾ֣ͽСˣ
è죬ϴıʾ飬β˦˦ȥȣֺܵãΪƨ
ҶЦִܼԼȡֵȨ
ͽСٸˣҶЦŵʵڲ⣬йʺҲУ͹ʺ֣ԼѡһɣȨԼ
è˳顣
ҶЦŰ֮£Чֻܶѡһûˣ
ãè˵ɴ۾ίܷŭ޿κεҶЦȻ󣬺﷢һġڳ׾شСԴ
һҲûһ㣬޾ɵķҶЦ
ǡˣ
һ֡˲硯ĸоȻ
ʤԾӵҶЦĻ󳩣ڴʤһ̣սɹǼ֤׶ʤʷʱ̣ߺߵЦֿʼȤŪŪԼϵСһ
ȣӴ˾ͽжˣȴǴͷʼͬһ㣬ҶЦĶŪȫĲǡ
úúãѾĸȡôһ֣ҲŲأ
Կóܷǳ൱رľɥ㾫ûˡ
òĶ䣬ҲƤһȥ
ҶЦץһֻСצʾοĻ࣬ͬ޹֢һ㣬㰮ôŪôŪˣҾǲ㡭
㲻ңһء
սݵҶ˧һֻѩè䣬ȫĶ͸һ⡣
ĳ֮˴˿̵ĸоǾǺˬˬˬˬ˼㡣
ʮһʮʱ򣬻Ҫô̼Ҫ񫣬ӵĻζʳ֪ζ
һ飿
ߺߣͷΣǰǶ
ô˵ҶЦ֪һ㣬СèԲ򵥡
۴κһ˵򵥲ˡ
Ȼڿһȫûκһֻ̥Сèûзֱ𣬵ҶЦǾԲһڱֳ״̬ʵ״̬ġ
Ŀǰ̶ȣȫԹݡ
ڡϾճ
Һúúõ࣬϶һܹáҶЦһŲɣ
ϾνĻһ飬ôôǺͷôҲ̫򵥰ɣ
һֻӵԪǿǡֻǷҪè䣬ôûأ
һˡʵĻһ顭
Ҳδ֪أ
ǣȻҪСһһҪú࣬ôһص㣬һҪ˽⣡
ĵһҪأӣ
ֻǣιʲôأ
һ⣡
ҶЦһתй
ˣ
κ
ƴĶǰһѩ׵ĴͷèϺֳߣ
ʲô
ĳȩ̀ͷҶЦ൱
ĳèѩ׵ģͷҲѩ׵ģѩ״յһ𣬸ͷͷһĳèòƻһͷ󣬸һӶѵϸߵͷɽ
ţһèѩ׵ëͷֻѩ׵Ƥ
ҸЩͷһʲô˼أ
һ˭ô


741 ƽԼ
һĳèͷǸ˼ɣ
ҿһֻèٿģѾļͷè𣿡ǳͷĵҶЦȥ
˭Ƕ
Ȼһֻճèͷ
ҲΨĶܸɵó
ҶЦ˵
Ŷ䲻ǣȨû
ҶЦٴνС
Ȼ
ҶЦһȥ

Ҹȡ֣ҲӦҾһֱȥ
ֱӦΪֹ
˭ù˭
ҶЦڽеʮʱ򣬶̧ͷȫεءһǿˣԼҪǲӦһʲôԼ˵ôһֱеģ
ˣˡһ
ҶЦٴνС
ͷɥĸϽӦ
үɱȥˣӷҶˡ
Բͷ㲻ͷΪǾͲͷҶЦʵ

а㵽ǳԻǲԣҪ˵У㲻˵ô֪㵽ǳԻǲأֻ˵ˣҲ֪㵽ǳԻǲԡ
Ѿôôأ㻹Ҳنһ㣬̣

ţ֪㲻ͷţ⣿

⣿

⣿
׵ˡ
ҪˣҪˣΪʲô̯ôһˡ
ү㿪ۣһ쵰ɣ
ҶЦأ²һֱȥҪ⣿
ֻצסʹķ˶ƤСƤһһģʵǲ֪˵ɶˡ
Ѿĳ⡭˵ôľܣ
¿⣿ҶЦ²ʡ
໡
ҿһôźҲҲԣ㵽׳ʲô𣿡ҶЦòץʵ
ܲסͻȻһèۺԻǱĵضҶЦ۵˵׳գҳ㣡⣡
ҶЦһ˹ȥôĻ˵ȴ˵ʲôأ
⧲ֱӾͱһĵڵأߴﹾĴ˺üȻƬ̣µëը
໡ŭͷ򵨱ŭë죡
ѾľȻҴ򱾴ˡ
֮ʣȴҶЦһĹʲô㻹Ҹǲǣ˵аҪ໡˭ö໣ŲӰèʺ
ԸǱŭֱֻСצһ裬֮ߣҲԼҽУžͱҶЦһѾסԺƤë
ǺĳɲǼͱһֻͿ˵һ㣬ĵڿУֻצӶǷڵȴе
⴦è޷Ҫطһץס˺󾱵һƤëǾ£Ҳʹġ
ҶЦཫʱצת˳СȣСԴȴһϷҪҶЦĵԸ
̫ˡ
ҶЦȥһָͷһһµڶʪСɱͷϣˣ˵ûûȻҸצƢ㣡˵ǲèʺˣ
֫´ԴҲţסҪǵãɴǿһҲܶͺһ˹㡭
ס뵽㣻
ͻȻôҲǿˮવ˳
Ҫ㡭Ҿͳ⡭
д˼Ѿ档
˵ûҶЦʵ
ĳè⡣
ˣǲ

Ҷ˧˹ǿ֮£ϥǩ˳֮ˡ
磬һҪ磬һҪˣ磬û˵ʱ㲻˵Ҳ˵һ׼
˵ʱһҪ˵
಻ƽԾ
ҶЦ˽ʣ׷ܣʤ׷ܹ뵽ȫǩΪԼ
˺óԵȸ˳ԣ˺ȸ桭ȷ˼ȫϲ̨ҲǿȶͷӦ
ڱҶЦ֮󣬶һûɵ״̬ڵװ
Һ
Ȼ˻˶Դɰıˣ
һʵ̫ɶ
ҶЦװСһﵹҲΪ⣬ֽ︧֮ôŪͷ̧۲ߣôҲŲҪ㣡
Ҳϵ
ҶЦһֻѩ׵צЩʶԼǼӣһȴ룺ӦʲôʲôֶΣԼȨ
ľпܣ
ľϣ
ˡ


742 㣡
ʱ˿̣Ͻ취ЩƽԼŪ˲
ȻоҶЦԼϡ
ߣֺñôǲ㣡
һССݿģ
Լ̳һѩ׵ë򣬽β͡žһԼССèϣĹĵ˯
ΨѩСĺ
Ȼһ̣ͻȻŵһζ
ζѴ֮عոճ˰Ƭ󵰿ǵĶӵĶ⣡
һԿܣ޷ܣκûܿܵζ
̫ˣ
ˡ
ζԽԽǽˣòƾԼǰֹǰˣԽŨˡ
ᶯ˶βͣβһ¶һֻèۣţȿʲôôô㣬ôأ
ֻһۣȴһ֮£ֻè۵ʱɵùԲ
ͫʶһߣ
ģ
㣡
Ȼһ㣡
Լǰȥôʵζ

miaһĺУ˳ȥֻצһץ
Ȼ־ڱصõһץˣ
šಡһ㾹͵ȴҶЦβͣ
ȻһգҽУڵϣ߸ߵͷǿڴĶ㡣
ҲŸճҪľ˰
ҶЦ۵Ļ˻㣬˹ƻյζϣǰצʱʶڿץһ£۾ҶЦȫֺ˼
ҶЦЦЦ֪ʿɶֹٹˡ
һﰮ㡭ѾһĪߡ
ԺǲȻдѻ֮
һɣ㡰ˢһһԾڰսס㣬֮أȻݺݵҧ㱳ֻ۾̹⡣
ڰеİƴСèȴصһһص㣬ȻһصСè쳣šݲȵĲ־һȥ
һߣһ߷ء
ǿޣ̫˷̫ʳ󿪵
һҲоζ˿жҪҵʳ뱾ΪУʳɱ˸ĸƺ
Ȼڵ֮ǰҲûƨɲҶЦ£ʾллˣ´ٽ
ȻʩʩȻһɰˡ
ٹƬ̣ԶĳشȻ̻ʵ
ԴˣҶЦЩȻˡ
òƣҲţǰǰæˣһֻҪ˾ͿʼԼǼ»ӹϵ
һ
ʱֻ㡢־緢۾ŵ˳һߣһ߶ԼϵЩۣôʧӰ١
ȻԳ㵭Ĺâһζˡ
õĶȻǳˣȴûкȹߵˮǰ棬ԴˮȻ󡭡˳
ԭǲǺˮڡ
ĳȻǺܽн
ϣĳͷԼᣬȷûζŰ˼һҶЦС
СȵҶЦ˲䣬ʾ׽֮⣺ˣˡ
ȻֽҶЦĸ첲ץԼƨɵ£ź̧ܲͷҶЦһۣѾĶһˣô᣿
Ȼŵŵȣ䶯£ѡһƣԴҶЦţı۾
βͻ£Լϡ
һֻɰСѩ򣬾ô͡
ҶЦԼеС̲ס쳤̾ҵģһǡһķ
ǣҶЦһ̾͸оòȻʼӿȵ̬ӿ
һٴ麣ǧ
ͻΧ֮£ҶЦȻоеһֿǰԾ״̬תƺǳһ㣬ͬʱ֮ȻҲڻԼ߼й
ҶЦȻͷŻеСĵײɵһ𺳡
СһȻܵؼԶлۣ
⻹״̬Ȼдܣһˡ
ָأ
ţʶڶḧ˼£õοĶʱ۾﷢
Լĳ˼ˣǿοĿ
ҶЦҲеˣСһģСɵģëҲǸɸɾȥָкü㲻һôҲǼõĳ
ҶЦﲻһ䣬ЩϲСһ
һת֮࣬ŵϸ鿴Сһӣһ֮£Ȼ֣òƳûǿɰ˵һ۾ǱʯһһһģʱͱˣԿܡ


743 ʧ
ҶЦ˲䷺һ뷨ǾӦҹЩŮڴˣС϶ûаֿ֮ҲǷСһһһŮɱֱ֣˵˵
еĶǸеת䣬ĺˬˡ

ڶһ硣
ΥҶ˧ٶټڽ£ʣһ۾ͱǰ׵
ֻպҶ˧˧ϣ߸ϣ࣬һ߸ңǰ˧ӡ̴ׯ£Ȼ
˵һ˧ʱ¶š
ֻλ˧Ļȴһֻè
ѩѩ׵ģѩСè
ҲֻðƴСǸոճûãһֻƽļè
ֻǣôһֻСè䣬ֻ£ȷΧУòҲ̫ɶ˰ɣ
ʲô״
ɵ۵ڽӼ˳벻ǵҶ˧Ȼ˰ģ˵ġ£
ȻԼ֪Լ˵ʲô־ܵĻӦҶЦȴҲûа˵ʧ̬ϣϾ֪˼ʧ̬ԴͷʼٸԼˣ˴Ӧµ˵û䣬ͻȻоͷ󺹵
ҶЦűһ
Ǯʮ𼱵سʲô£
ǾǱ߳ʲô飬ڴ˵϶ʲôȴһġ
æټ
˧һ亹Щ㯣ӪⷿǱ߽˸£¶ˣ˼˼飬⡭
ҶЦü˵ûţϸǡ
ٵǡ
ˣƽЩ
ս֮󣬴˷ܾͷ֮ǰԵʹƣȫ˶ÿ˵״̬ήǱΪԱǱ߶ಹЩӪǲڵؽʵûʲôöʿĴʸⷢ־ڹⲻԶһˮС
С֮󣻾ٷ֣оȻв㡣
´ϲ
̵ʿǰȥСеһ򾡣ȻǺ棬аϵĶץ˻ĴСܼ߰ǧķ
ôĻ㣬϶ǲ٣ŵʮǵľӪȴԲǺܶ࣬Ҫÿ˶Ե㣬϶ǲܵģзݣȴǴ´ģӪµıʿæ죬ǵ˵죬׼ٴ㡢ʱȴȻ֡
ûˣ
ǿ߰ǧ㰡ֳݣǰԶЩֻƽģôһҲǧǣһǧûˣ
ȫûˣ
ɣ
ⷿڣκζû٣˵ѹ͵߾ûжĶǮƻһЩϺõҩȫǺúõءƫƫЩֵǮûˡ
׵ĻС
ԭķĵطͷ
Ȼеúܺÿ˵
ÿһ㣬ͷʼһֱβͣҴ̣ȫģǣһҹʱ䣬Щȫ绯ֻʣ˹Ǽӡ
һ˿һ⣬Ҳû¡
£ʵ̫֡
ʵǡ̫ˡⷿģҲǲǱ롣͵͵ԿףǱȥ˭ܹݵĽȫꣿǵö˲ܳԵ갡
󺹣һ˵ˡ治СɶʵǡܹԵôɾĵزֱܡۺȫصһĺݽɫС벻ͨǣͨŸôЩôô
Ψһǿܹ͵ͨ˵ֻУһܡҶӵ޷ĳԻ˾޿飬ǣСԼ˵ĴܴڡòƺЩˣȻԼΨһߵĲ²ȫš
ڽԴҲǴ֮⡣
զء
ǾٵĲ²ⲻ׵ģǾֻǼˣǸף
ûע⣬˧еֻƴСè״۾߰˾һۣ漴ٱ۾
ССЩƲסĴ˸á
ȻĳèԾٸ߿ôһۣǾٵͷԼʶ˿϶ģǾ䡮ܡۣǺпϵģ
ҶЦԴҲǻȻ⡢ɶͷԣҪ˵ϸѯʵĵڣȴͻȻŵ֮дһɵζ
ͷȥɼСһԹĴ˸ã۾һ꣬һ£һ²ؼ߸߹̬ƣòȻ˯ȥë׵βͣض˶β΢΢ڶ
ȻСһкǿֵĿһӵ˼


744 ˸ӣ
ҶЦɲǼһͷȥ٣ܣûпԻѵ˵ɡǶһｫЩȫԵ
һˣֽ˹Ŀ񻶣ҶЦԽԽã´пܡ
ΨһʾǣǾСС壬γԵô㣿
ǿǧﰡ
ҶЦжʶĸŶһӺߵ˵˴ţ޷ţҲɶ¶ȥɡ
ԭҪ˵ʲô˧ɫѣҶԣͷ˳ȥ
ֻҪ´˧ԼǾͲ£
ҶЦ£´ҴææĽ˼䣬ɢᡣ
ξ
ΪҶ˧ôŵģˣλмң϶ӦôڵѾƽȫ޴ˣǸôô죬ЩС飬ôͺãˡ
£ӣбʲôģǶף˽ɡ
ɢᡣ
εҶ˧ѾһᣬڽǴ¶״̬ûлع
ʲôһʧô죬ڻˣһΪĹڻعˣǱһӵ飬ǰ㱨֡
Ȼ˳ļ㣬һû˵仰ôˡ
Ƕ˺ü飬ȫٱȥ
ûипڵĻᡭ
ôĽʲô°
ӴСǧⲻ٣ȫֵһòã
ѾĸҲٲһ㣿

ξ˶Դ˸̰ԹѡɹŰۣ̾
˵ڶ죬ˡ
ΪһλҶ˧ƺƵĸϵһߣҶ˧֮Ҷ졣
ֵܾñټξϲȥҶرһ
ҶЦǳСأҶ쿴ΧֲӰ˳һ䡣
˵˽飬۹£һλ˧ʾԮΪ˧ҶЦҲӭǣ
һ仰ξɹӵĺߡ
׸磬Ǳӣ⼸Ҳң̿Ѱξһӿˮ˿ߵˣ춼ײβ
ֱӾһ㶼ܰ
дС飬һŶǲ˲ʡ
ξɹһѱһᣬǰֺĴ״
Ҷüͷעξɹǲ˵ôôأ̫ˣһСᣬεĴϳɣˣһʼǳƱ£ܶʲôд£֮ǰټս£ΣѰ˵ʤǺһӲģϢôˣӦ𣿡
Ҳˣɶ¶죿ܰ죿ǵҶӲܰ죿˼ʴսˣƽ˾˧Σǻܹˣǻ֮˵ôһˣȻѧСһҳ״ܲеϢˣԺȥɱ˵ʶҰҶˣ
ξɹĿĿҶ˧һʱ׹
ξǿһЩϾǾôӣɹȴǵһμòҵҶ˧¿ˮȴֱӱͷһ˻
ǴһӣȻѾˣѾܲˣԱȽҶ˧ӵһٺԼܲˣ
ɶ˰ûǸܹ棬ô޼ɵάԼӣԼӿеޣͣ޽Уⶼĸİ
˵öģʵҲϿɣЩҲǱ˵ģʽǫ鼸ɣ
ԭҶ˧Ҷ˧ǳҲ
Ҷ˧б۾˼ԣҶӶʤ̣ѾܷǳĿˡС£ȻҲҪ˼ôȥô
㻹ôŰ
ɹЩΡ
ҶǱ߶ѾԷĽȥϢˣɹš
ӱĳȰһȰ˧Ƕ⣬ǣŲа׾ͰѶӳһ竣ȻѾ㹻ˡ
ǰҶĶҶЦǵҶ˧Ѿ˵б£ٶҲӦõòơɹʶľͽǾ仰˻ȥĵĲ˵ˡһҶ˧б۾һ䣺ҰѶӳöܴǴʤ̣ҳûܹ
ԼҪĸȥ
ξǰ㼱Ǭ֮˵ôҶȻüͷ˻棡
ǧȷ١ξĵ
˵Ǳ֮ڣȥˣ֮ڣȥ֮֮٣Ҷü˵ֻǡЦЦô죿
ξЦЦ㲻õģСӼֱǸΪɩôģȻﵽյĲΣȫԺһ뿪Ȼǵͨ뿪һ磬Ǿûġ
ʲô˵ЦЦ˵ѾﵽյĲΣ


745 Ҷľ
ҶȻɴۣһվôܣϴλؾԹΪôһʱ䣬ܽ˹
ŲţСھΪˣ¾ް٣ξ
Ҷȴϲɫɫһ
վڴⲽȻЩ
֪Щ°ɣҶʵ
Բ֪Ҿ³çҲóȻЩ֪顣ξ
Ҷ쳤̾˿֪áҲһ뿪ԾΪȵԺԵˡ˵ɡұôƽһȴû뵽
˵꣬һ̾Ϣþò
ʱҶƺǸоʲôͻȻһתʵ˭ЦЦ
վŵģȻҶЦ
ҶЦ¶һЦõα飺ҵ񡭡ҡ
Ҷǳ˳飬ŭСӣؽҲ˵
ƣԼ󣬿ǽﵽⶼϸؿһģȷû˵ģ˵ˣһֻӬӶûУ
ҶЦȴͻȻƾճһ㣡
ô£
ţЦЦ㡭սҶЩϢĽ룬һӵҪ
ǰôˡҶЦһͷˮĿԼϵⶼʲô飬ôô̬أ
ţǾͺãûʲôôˣҶ˿漴ЦСӣһθɵƯˣ
ҶЦһο
⸸Ӷ˾ñط꣬ҶȻŬڳһϸӣжԶӵĳ磬εġ
ξ˵˼½ƣѸת˻⣻Զ׼˶ʲô½ƣ˥ʤܣͳһЩȫôܹĵΡ
Щܿȫ飬ҶԶֻСèȻȤСһǴĸģ˵Ȥ
˵žҪץһһಡһӵӰ٣ٶ֮죬Ҷȳ֣ҲΪ֮Ȼ
Ҳһܾ϶ǲãǱʵǺ֮ı˵ԻԱۣ²ߣ֮زز
òƸոǸ˵ˣΧк㣿
óԵȥҲ
ܵӰ١
ֻèܵõͦ졣ҶǺһЦʵȻ˼ЦЦ˶ҺξĶԻأ
һ棬ȴҲǳٽ᣺ЦЦȥܴĸ׵飿һ֪࡭ֻôأ
ȻҶѾԾɻǲɱת˷֮顣
ȻעҪߣôҶǱ߲ȥҲաҶ˵ȴһЩý
ʲô⣿ξʡ
ҶˣȻǿֱͨͨȥ򣬵ǣЦЦȴܣûоسϵķϴǲܽͨģֻ;գ򡣡
ξ϶İô
չȻû⣬ȥ֮ͣȷЦЦȥĵһŵ㣬ʲôطǸؽ磬Ī⣬һСģҲĪֽ٣ܲ
Ҷüͷ
ξͷȴû˵
ԵظоԼĴһеìܡ
߼λ棬Ϊͻԭͼλ߷ȥҲҶ˵ôţֻҪСһ㣬ǷǣҲûʲôտԣ
ЦЦͬЦЦĳһķ죬ЦЦڻȫ֪ĸ׵ģһ֪֮ЦЦƢ϶鷢
ЦЦΪۣѾԪΣȻţ
ʵЩ̾Ĵȣȴ㣡
ǱĳЩ֪ЦЦݣƱؽΣգ
һ֮࣬ЦЦ֮أ
ԣԼԻصҶңЦЦԲܸԼȥ
ֽ׶βУ
ǣЦЦѾʸȥܲڣ
ȴζ˵ȥ飡
һڣǾе飬ȫסˣ
ҶЦȻס磬ס
һ̣Ҷνѣ顣
ξԴˣҲ޼ơ
ЦЦǸҶһм£ҾҪ˵ס
ҶЦ𾴵˵˵
šҶͷ̾һһֱΪпǷ
ҳǲϰģֻ롭ƽƽһһ˳죬ƽϲָ㡣ԣһŶ˵ġݣ硭ֻȴû뵽Լôţվ·ڳɾҲΪɹۣڡ


746 
Ҷ̾˿ҵôѡУǣһءкĿԡڣܸص྿ʲô
һҪһ£ǾǡҶϼʹľһ£ȥ֮ʱܡܡص塣
ԭڲܸ㣬ֻϣܹ⡣ңߵʱҲܶ˵ݡһ¶¡֮ǡ
Сں½λ泤󣬶֪΢΢ΪƬ½ϣ޿ƥеĴڣ㱾ںҲǿߣȻҸʵ಻ˮ׼
ҶǸεĿԼӣ֪ôҪ㡭ʵ̫Ϊˣǡ
ˣҶЦҲ͵һ
û⡣ҶЦʹشӦû׷Ϊʲôұ룬ϵȫ壬һ˴Լں½λ棬ҽ̫٣ʱھͽǿУ֮ľĥʵ̫٣һ֮֮Ըͦá
һֱҶԼĸ֮飬ͷΡް٣޲ýԼжȫޱ˿ĵȫ˶ӡ
ĸףҶЦѾϿɡܡ
˵ȥҶļȴһ£ϾζţͬʱһƱˣʲôүү尢̡
룬ǸҶЦԿԴ
硭ǵݺ˻ĵЦ
ôһȺһġҲ䣬ԶԶȲԼļһȴҪԳƺǫ񾴡
⣬ҶЦѾ˺þúþãĲ֪ô죬ͬĽѡ
˿̣ҶֱⷬǵͬϵһڱϽȲĴӦ
ҶЦӦôʹ죬ҶȻΣ⡣
εҲãʼǷһ׮ͷ£һ䣬һҶֿʼΪӵİȫ߶߶ĿʼһЩ飬ӦôСĴǷ²ǿͷĻһһ鲻䷳˵
ҶЦЩ˵ʵҶ컹Ҫ죻˼ȴһζԹԵţǰЩԼһһŵѪѵȡûˣģ˲䷳Լ˵ʲô
˿̣һԼˣһض
ȻԼ֪ȻأҶЦĵǷȻůȴҲǶƲסӯ
ҶξѼһķʽŽʶȻ־ٳʵҶЦش飬Ӧô죿飬Ӧô죿
ҶЦԴȻǶԴˣҶԷģ˵ٿˣȻ󿼺֮˵µע顭
ڶգʵ۹ղ٣ʥּҶЦؾ
ҶЦԴǲмһˣܸɴ˵Ļػȥ߻ʵ۱£Ҷһ֮ԵˣǶȥˡʹ뿪
ղ˱仰ŵһġ
гôʥּģ
ȻһӳҲ̫ɶ˰ɣ
Ҷ˵ĻίһЩת£꣬ͷպлԵһٳʡౣء
׵ɽƵղ˾ʹʧǵĻȥˡ
֪֮Ϣʵ۱֮󣬱»εʧ䡭
ļ죬Ӷ˶ھĽİԺ飬ֵܣϲ£ѡ
һȻоȻ
һߣ˳ҲƵ顣
ƽ죬Ҳ顣
ۿţ뿪½ӣԽԽˡ
ҶЦ⼸ר˷ֱˡ޼ɻȥһźŸĻмֻɵƿ
ڣһ졣
ܲ
֮䣬ƺӦʲô磬ںƲ֮ʱʱ֡
ҶŵעʵƣվɽۡȴĶӣֳĸζ
ģǣ޲̫̫Ũصĸ飬Ǻ֮
ĿǰΪʵ⼸Ѿ˽úֻǵ۵ͨյĿ飬ȫаաһ㣬Ҷ㶼ġ
ĵģҶЦϵ֮ʲô顣
ΪǸʱ򣬲Σա˵κһʱΣҪҶЦں½ʱΣա
׼ȷһ˵ӦΣպܶ౶౶
ɱ֣֮֮֮٣
Ϊ֪㽫ʲô㴫ٶĽ飬ʼֻǿڿഫᣬܹӦ硣
ȫͬں½ں½ǶĴڣҲϰȸ߶ȵķΧҲ֮࣬һСëȴͿӵ㱾ǿ߶Ҫǿĳʵ
ЦȫпܷϾԪۣԪ׵ʵƴ½ҲѰͨߵʵֻһ޺ֶ֣㲻ϣ
ҶȴֻܿŶһȥΪ֪ȻҶЦȥΣķķΧдԾҪȻص֮Ҫȫ
ȫö࣡
֮УʮĪյأ
⼸֮УҶҶЦ˵һ仰ǡ
ЦЦȥ֮ҪĵһҪԼ볾
ǧҪں½߸ϣǾǿߣǸŵ̬еעǻԴģҲһСģ֣֮
Թʵ̫̫ν֮԰£Ⱥ֮ʽת۾ͳ˴ˣЩеκһˣʶ֮ˣߣҲ޿ɺǣǣǵʵȴٶԼԵĶֶԣǺ
Щͻڼ̵ʱ֮أ
֮ǣδزǽյ㣬Ǿһ㣬ڸ½ٮٮߣǿߣÿ˶ڴ½Ĵ˵񻰣
ǣȴȥļ̵ʱһغǴ˵棬ΣһˣֻһͳһƣˣһĲֵ
ԣ̬Ҫ
ȥ֮һҪڵһʱ佫ԼŵӲĵλϣ⻰ȴʵڣ
̣̣̾Ҫ̣Ȼ޿̣Ҫ̣ǧס
ǧǧ򣡡
һжԱסԼΪһǰᣡ
ЩÿһҶ춼˵˲°ٰʮ飬ڣĿԶŶӰȻվɽۣվ˵ת۵ϵʱҶ컹̲סҪ˵һ顣
һĪ嶯ҪȥҸɴһΪȴ⺮½ϲָĻȥ
ڣҶЦվһģˡ
䡣
ƽ졣

ᣬҶЦҲ˵̬ɣ˵ĻҶ⼸ոո˵ЩǾ仰Ҷ˵ЩҶЦȫ֪֪˭ҪҶЦ϶ǲҪѡ
ȴҪЩ飬ѣ
ΪǣûмʶǸп磡


ڶ 


1 յ
һҶղԣˣÿһ½ĶڣǾ֮ˣȻǸ߸ϣ߸ϵ̬ϰ߳Ȼ磬֪δ֪Ī⣬ԻȻȻıֳһȣ̬ȣ
ǣ֮˶ԣһûʲôʵļһȴôĳƨǲĽôǣߣˣˣ군ˣ
һҶϤӣһ糤ӣСǺ𾴵ģǺҲĿһС
һλ糤ӵ˱̬ϰ߲ıĻȿȡ
һҪȻһգһһȥ򣬵ǣ֮ȴעһ𡣡ҶЦ˵һ̣ͺ˵ŪֺǲĿ䡭ὫЩһصȫɢÿһˣҪԼһ˵ȥ취ȥһ̤ٻڡ
ֻƾһ˵ܹ֮󣬲ܹطʸ񡣡
ں½ÿһ˶֮ϵĺݽɫݺ£˼ɣǣҪ֪ڵΪʲôǣһ
ߣӦ棬Ҫ֪
ΣԱסΪһǰᣬȴطһ죡
ȥ֮󣬾ͿʼҸǱµĹҶЦһġʺĹ
סˣһҪȥطʱ򣡡
ϣطʱÿˣѾǸп磬һĿ
ͷϣԽԽͣԼ齵٣üޡ
Хɽϣ֪£ֿɺϱĴȻε֦ôһ϶ѣ漴ͱУʿӰ١
ĸ˵۷ڿҷ裬ÿ˵ɫء
ˣ˵õĺϢɣһνգϽ磬˵ʵϣⲢڵ塣ҶЦۣǽnֽ̥ѷ
˼壬㷲׵壬㷲̥ܹܣܣʱռ䣬ԣεķǵԣǿ飬Ҳǻ
ƽȹˣʵҲɴ⣬Ϊֻһʼѡһ죡ǧǧҪסˡ
ҶЦڻ˵ţھģĵĵȥסҶЦ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֡
ƲԽԽͣѾѹͷֿɼ
ʱ䣬ίʵѾˡ
䣬Ҫչ˵Щ˶Ѿźˣصġ
ƽ죬Сıܺöռָҷ˺ܶҪĶһʱҲңڰ֮ڣҲӦ㹻Ӧá
Ҫһֱңƴɣ
ǣټֻϣһطʱ򣬱˴˲Ҫñ˴ʧ
ҶЦո˵仰ͷѹѹƲУһɫ磬ͻȻ˺Ѳ񷣬Ȼԣͷ
ɽ£ҶȻһ£ˣ
һˡ߾ǸɬѼ
ǰһ
ꡱһһҶЦͷȻըѡ
ٿʯڤ֮ҶЦΪٳ߸ͷһ֮һָԣһ磬ֱ
ҶЦܣඥ롣
һ̣಻ԶˣȻҶЦ壬ƺһ̣͸ġ
֮Уÿһÿһ磬ɼ
壬ҶЦһͷֱ֮˸һһ磬˾ĶǣȻҶЦȴʼɫ䣬̩Ȼ
һ֣ٶȻһֻһţȻƬؾ硣
һܲĳһ裬£
һһңٶҶЦֶ
ҶЦͦɽȾ֧ͦεĽվɽۣ΢΢۾Ӣݣӳ֮£ȻԵĴ򶨡
٣ը졣
һΪʼе׵ƺһľкĵ
һֱ˾ŵ
ɫ磬˲һ㺷Ȼ£Ѽ
ȴҶЦХһȵһټ
ŵ磬վĵطѳһŰ׳ĹâƺɽۣͻȻһŴ̫
һʱ䣬˾Ϊȹâ壬Ŀӡ
ǴĿĹ˲ʱʧȻʧǸλãҶЦһʧˡ
һ仯̶ֱͺƴûгֹڹһ㡣
ҶЦԭվĵطµļݶǺˡ˿𣻵һˣȴôƾʧˡ
ʣƺһȻ
ҶþõųգϾһƬǣҶǵɫ
磬ҷſİɣЦЦһԶԶҪ࣬ԳԲ˿ҲܻòҲ˵ξο˵
Ҷ̾˿˼ʼȵӰ֮£һʱ侹һ仰һҲ˵
ҶЦ뿪½һ̣ԼҲ֪ʲôôһЩ꣬һЩ᣻εܡ
֪ԼѶúܺá
ܷġ
ͷβֻһζѣ˶ѡҶЦĬĬضԼ˵š
漴ͱû
ĪףֻһΣյ˶Ͼ𣡡


2 رӣ
ҶЦʧƬ֮ٶѹͣ罻£ˣҲȺûʧں½

ҶЦ˳ܴϴɽ۵б棬һΡɽ֮ۡ
һƮƮɴӰ֮Ŀߡ
㣬ȥô
ȻҲ֪Ժ½޶ǣȴҲû뵽ߵô硣ԶԶǬµʱޣô޹ˡ
˳̾Ϣ

ЦЦȥҲ߰ɡҶ쿴ŶʧɽϣͻȻовЩġ
½϶ţǣңΨһǣңԼӡӶѾȥҶͻȻоԼһʱһ̣Ҳ½ˡ
ξã漴ƲƲ죬ˣˣ֮ǰҪΪ޼Ҳ͵͵ܻȥˡ
ҶЦξξʼǣλȥǻԼңǸһؼң
ξĬһ£һȻԼҿǻ첻ȥȥ㣬֪㣬Ҳ֪ңǸңĴߣ
Ҷξļ̾Ϣһû˵
಻˵
ξ˵ֵܱ˴֪ίʵöԣ
ֵƮƵĴɽ֮УʧӰ
Ӵ֮Ƭ½ϣҲû˼Ҷ죡
ʾ񣬴½񣬴Ӵ໯Ϊ˼񻰣ֻˣ

Ҷµһ£˧ϵһš
ʵ۹ʵ۱µһš
Եˣᵱȥʮأս½飬Ѫ°˻սϱƽϢҽȥ޹ֽ鳤δΪܵ棬أڡ
˵ʵ۱½ӵ֮󣬵ޣþòѡ
ĵģʵȻ뵽˱Ȼôһ죬ȴǱʹĪ
Ҷ졢ξҶЦһ˾ȥ
ʾֹ˰ڽɽ
ҿڸӶѾˣսʱٶ˱³ʵ۹ʱͻ߽⡢ֱ
ҿ鱦ڡ
ǻʵ۱ĵ׵Ψһһο
鱦λ˼ڣʣ͵ͬһĹǡ
룬£ҶԳʵ۹ˣˡ
ҶǱǳ׵ս¡
ҶЦڱ·ֻ꼻һ֣Ͳİﳽͳһ¡
ϾЩνĹԺôǽЩͣȫ޼ɺ˰ɡ

Ȼ½Σܳʵ۹Ƿһͳ£ҶЦҶˣҲˡ

غ½һзǸһ䣬ģǾΥ
ҶЦǼ

ңҶЦЦһΣվ

жãƺܾãƺȻȥһͣƺܶݣֻһ˲ѡ
ϴ׽ٿҶЦһ֮УоԼ壬ƮƮƺҲƮƮֻоԼȫģ꾡һֲʵķΧ֮С
ҶЦԵǰָйٿνڵ˼㣬ҶЦȻΪˣǰдмңȻǼʶ㣬Ȼ־ͻ֮λȴȫ޾һһ㣬ǳ磬һţ
ҶЦ״̬ᣬȴ֪ǱҪḶ́оǣûΣգҲ͹ȥˣֻϣ̿¾ͺã
ңʵֻ̾άһβǺܳʱ䡪
һ֮䣬ǰȻһҶЦ뿪ľأȻǰ֮¸һٶȽӴʵص΢о
٣֮ǰϲ²ŵأȫȻ޴ĸоѾȻ޴ˣ
ֻǣһٶȽӴʵص΢оͬھ̤ʵˣ
ȻǰһɲǣûüߴһдǧضȻһʧ
ʲô
ԭʵܼ򵥣ҶЦʧء״̬룬ٶȽ̤ʵأʶ۽£ܲɵǣµġʵأĺܡʵšꡱһˣӼʱ͵³ȥ
һ¿νıҸȫףҶЦͷβĴֲӦܣؼǣһʵʼٸԼˣע£һʧ⣬Ǿȥδ΢ڣǺõЦҶЦˣʹ˵ĳ΢ȥ֮ڣ
һ̣һɱǵĸо˲ʱȫ
ҿҶЦһһһӷ˳̲סôĵù֮ĵһʱ䣬ֱˤ˱ʲôʺ
ҶЦĵطȻһӡ
ʮɿ
˵ӵĺ棬鲼һȻǺܺȴҲв°ߵĺȣղһ˲ҶЦΪһʱʧ⣬ع½̤ʵصʱʶ˲䷢Ҳڻ̤㡣
ҶЦһ˹ɱӽ͸һĿĹˣȷԼĿǰںηĿһ֮䣬ͬһĶд֪ԴͷӺζҲ֪յδȥ
ţǼرӣҶЦ˲˳˵򼫸ʢļرӡĵײɵһ죺Լôֱӽٵرӵıϣ
ôʲô
ƣȴֻ˷һƬֻڽУǱǱߣץס죡


3 㣡
ǰ棬ǰע½أ
ǧҪ
ҿˡȥôץסոǰ
㵱Ҳôٶʵ̫ˡˡ
ע⣬ע⣬ע⡭
Ľ˷һƬӡ
ֻЩԻ֪˵ƹʵҶЦ˲ʱͲµ׷ʲô飡
˵ǼرӣŪô춯¼ǡ
ҶЦעĿ֮£еķʸȻ֣ĿһԼԼĺӰڷһļٴڶһֻʮ֮Ȼһ̣ȴѾұ߲ǧ֮⡣
ǺӰǺƶٶȾ˾ˣ
ֻǣ˵ƶٶȾ˵ģȴֹǺӰѣ
ȴšಡһӰɲɵشҶЦӹֻҶЦͷһ˵ü
ͬʱһˢһӰҶүպþ˵н·ϣɴҶһѣأԲɵôɵվŲղʹӹȥˣֵı˶񲻵ϹôõĻˡ
һ̣ˢˢˢ첻춯
ӰٷȥҶЦһʱȫûôϢôһ⾰Ѿ˲ʮѡ
˶ᣬѡ
ӹЩһ齹ҴҶҴҶȥ۾Ͳע⿴ϵˣȫעڱӱ档
棬һӰشʱʱѭܶʼֻһӰȴΪƶٶʵ̫죬·ӾȾ˺ɫһ㡣
ץסץס
һ׷һ̽ǧҪˡҪýСİ
ססһ˴С
ҶЦԴѾûע⣬Ѿס
ԭΪԼ֮УѾȴû뵽иģ
ûˣȻ⵵¡ҶЦ̾һһַ޵ĳ嶯ҵôô
ҶЦ˸йϡ
ഫ⼫رӣһ㣬н㣻㣬죬ӽʼֻڼر֮УرӣȻλڱɽ֮£Ϻ쳣ֱǵˮɱȻȴǻˮгֱ״ΪֽڵԵʣ
һ㣬ԴӳʼͿﳤ
㡣
Ĵ˵νԶʮǰĴ˵
츳죬ƶٶ٣ڣƶٶȲܿ죬ײ׽ȻɹץסˣȴûκЧõģΨе˳֮󣬲ЧȻڵĽ㣬ٶȻκһٶ֮ϣûץס
ߣڵĽΪҲͬСɣеԪ۷εܣ㲻˿ɼٶȣʵȶԣмܹ֮⣬Եüֻ»ҪԼǷڽС
ԣبԽ뷨˲֪ܹ֮׽ȴ֮٣
֮٣
ȴǾûУƶٶ˿ɼΪ˾ˣȴػС֮١˲׽أ
Ҫ˵еĵ׶Ρڶȹڡ֮һ׶Σܹȥһ׶ΣڣԾţһԾţΪɴӴ˰ʣֱϾңء
ȻԵȻΣĳԵˣ
ڣǽʱ̣ȴҲؼһʱΣʱΣС׶Σһ׶ΣǴڣ׶УὫȫԪۣܲһᶯʱĽͬһʱܱըĻҩ⣬һκţͿܽԪһ
ľǿܣûܹĹȫˣ׶εĽȻֹͣƶȴΣյĽ׶Σȫ߱׽Ŀܣһͻ֣֮
ڻڵĺһ׶Σȴǻڵ죬׶Ȼһֻ졣ȴΪؼһ죬ὫԼӴ弫ССֻðһСڶ죬ὫҽųϵΪɢȥӡ
ΪΨг׶ӣʽʽ߲֮ûΪţƱʺţӲʺһȥʱ򣬳ֵģѾһ
ȥһ˲䣬Ὣˮȫգָˮ״̬Ľ㣬ѾĽ뿪磬λ档
Ǽرֵ
֮һ죬رͻȻˮȫǾǽΪʽ֮ʱʱҲǡǽһѪȴּЧܵ΢ʱ̡
Ҳǲ׽Ψһʱ
ܹɹץ˽ڵĪԵȻγһŴӣңһĵԪཫȫ˵ڣ֮μɡ
һֱ󣬽ȫںϣΪΪֹ
һһĻᣡ

Ϊ


4 Σ
һõȻԵ뵽ԼԼԭһۻĽȽڳ˽ڵ֮һʱ䣬һ͵ڱʮ꣡
˺ڣԼһ꣬͵ͬ꣡
⣬õ˽ڵһĺôǾǲӵ߱ʲôλֻҪˣȻȻͻٲκƿ
ʿԣνǾԿܲ˵ջ
κ˶޷ܡ
Եģղ׽ɹô⼸ڱϵˣȫҪһһɱȡ
ûκܹ⡣
ܶǶΪֻӵжô߹ݡ
û⣡
ڳɹλĽԣκֻ϶ѣ
ΪҶЦ˵ȻİƬ̼ͨ͸ȴЦ벻Լôһ¡
بԽֽ㣻ֹΣ˽еһ֮⣬Ҳûκܹɹץһɹôʱ벶׽ˣעÿһҪ
Բ޹ߣҲ޷⡣
಻λԪ۷ǿߣ
Ȼɹ׽һΣѾ̫ˣȻɹôΪʲôǵڶˣ
Ȼ֪Σ˹Ծǰͺ̣Ҫ׽㡣
ʱ˿̣ڱˣȫǱ̬ˡ
ҶЦ̲ѵǣԼȻôã߲Ÿոշ͸ҲδܹһĽۻڣңԼԼ˵ˡ
ôģģ
ţòƸ˵ģԼĿǰλãȻмλá
֮Լոշ
ǱһԵ
Щ벶׽ˣÿ˵۾ȫעűµĺӰ
ûעҶЦ߾ʲôʱģӲעͻļһﳤʲôС
ʱҶЦǰһ䶯һССġѩ׵Դ¶˳
׵ոտʼҶЦ˯˯ˡֻĶ˼£ڹĶһ̣ĶͻȻϵľ⣬漴ˢһñֱ
һ˫ССģԭɢ۾ͻȻˣ۾ضűǷٴڶĺӰĿתһʱ侹Ȼôˡ
ǵ࣬ߵļҲôһ
ҶЦڴ˿⵽ĻһῴһˮӶĿе˳š
Ϊʵ̫ˣòƾǴ˵еġΡ
һƬ
ҿʲôҿˡmiamiamia֮
óԵģ
ˡ
ҶЦڸо춯ͷһÿȫע飬ڶˮµĺӰ
ɵһ
ʱƣ֮ΧԽԽŨ񣻻ģҲɭȻ
µı棬֮ʣԽԽҶЦʱͻ٣ڲ㣬ʧˮΣ
Ʋ⣬˿ѾǵڶβΡ
߲ʺţۻӴϵȫһ̣ʱ
һʱˣ֮أ
ϣæµҴܣһԭĳأ˻ҡ
׽סˮ׽ǾǴȥ
ڳˣȫ
ûܹ⡣
֮£ǵӰԾڷٵĴڶȫȻûаƣӣѾȫȻı֮УӰԾǺ谭ĴС
ȫƶ̣ȻȴɼɣһһʱݣȴǱֵޱȴݣڸĥ
㣬Ȼûнô˷ϣ
ΪţûκܹץסԼ
ԼǿȻȫʧˣԼٶȣԾλ۷壬Ǽܴﵽ۷弫ޣ
һٶȣʱΣҲ׷Լġ
ںϵЩˣҪץԼЩˣһ󶼻Լʳ
һҪ׽֮ǹغΪǹغֻغԵΪֹǸΨһɹ׽˶֮ɣֻΪԵɺϵһζӣһҶүһĶӣβòʵĽ㣬ɢųϵΪӳ϶δȫȻ϶֮׹˲ֺܺòʵܽӴ˳ֳܣ£ʱĲഫ˵
ǽʱգʷ޿ݣѾȫȻᣬ߲ʺֻڼԼǽߣ޿ܳ⣡
ֻҪԼɣȻܹɢȥɱջһܽЩȫȡΪУ
Ȼ벶׽㡭Ĵ㣬͸бɵ׼
ʱһ˴ҶЦ߼ӹѾǽ̿ɫҶЦֲرײһ£ббĳȥ˼


5 ǧɱۻ
ҶЦû乻ڳһһκһ˵ΪԶҶЦ֮ϣǴ˿̲ԪŴ˵ĻͳҶЦ˼㣬ͷƣһˣ
ҿǴ쳣΢Ĺؼʱ̣û˷ҶЦ֮͡
˵һʼЩ˵ĳֻΪץס㣻ڣĿȴȻΪΪԼڱ١
ҶЦһ
Щ֮еһ󲿷֣ԼȻϤţֹΪ·
·ģƻк󾢣ȻڵˡЩźɫϱ鲼ǳ˸ģǳ¡
ˣ֮ࡣ
⣬һЩƮƮŮӣ·˳޶£ȻǳƹģаºƮ칬ߵı칬ֵģѾľ޴
Ȼڴ˵ĽɢҲÿһΪǲף
ҶЦɨ֮£ִ˵һΪεģҲԪΣڸΪߵģʮ˴ز¶Դ⣬ЩҲеԪεտΪ
·ƵЩ۷ȴδ
ʵź
ԭܼ򵥣ɹ׽Ȼɹļʵ̫ͣҪɵķ̫һɹֻбһ;Ȼǿǰ۷֣Ҳ⣬־ǿߣŵ֧һ汻ɵĻʹɵ˥䡣
ַգκҲǵġ
ж֮У۷ĳǿ߷ֵġ
ֻǣЩûв˿̾ۼҲԺȻš
ֻЩѵһĸ֣һȴص˼㡣
вˣ۵ѾȻһɾ֮⡣
꣡
꣡
ǽºˮ
ĽŲһƽ
źԽԽŨ񣬲Ϊͷüҽһ˪µı棬ԽԽʵҪǣֽѾٶȣ
ԭĺȾֻһߣŲǰʱȥѾﵽǳһڱӶƻڿٵ졣
ӰԾڱ¿ٴڶٶȷǵûаƣԽԽ죬ԽԽ鶯
˫ٽƬ̣ͻȻ䣬һ죡
䣡
ȻȴУͻȻֳһ뵲һƬɫϼңԶʣԷ۵糸һٶ߼ٷ
ãŵĲѾˣһһƬȻ߲ʺγڼλƴɣ
Ҿ̣һɣһԾнɽ⣬żӲıݺն¡
⻹׶ΪУԱ㣬֮ǰﾡ¸Ŵ˵ۣķɣֻǴɱḶ́˿ؽ٣ҲͲٹ˼ôеûˣ
꣡
桰䡱һէȻѿһ϶һӰɲɵ߼ܶһĽȻɹӰĵ·
һ๦
ֻǷһǸˣȴΪ⾡һȫ˲ʱݽߣһ֮࣬˸ž͵ˣһǷһͣȴѾ㹻
㹻дǰƣ
㹻˿ϣ
޴ϣ
Ľ⵶âô籩һк£֮ͽը֧顣
ȻȻ˷ƣǵӰȴԾڵ⽣Ӱ֮࣬˿ִ١
ۼôǿߵȫԸƣԻĿֲ˿ҲûǵӰ
ѾⱩƻı棬һƬıУ±Ϊһ壬ٶȻǰ
ϲı֮£ѺۣĿԵú澹Թ½룬
оǣı棬ȻȸղŻҪʵöࡣ
ΪߣٶʩԹȴǹЧ΢׷
Ƭ̣ԴԱϵĹŹ졣
ǡѾȫᣡ
ӣ¡𣬸߳ӰɣһʱεΪۣ
ˮ棬һֱˮԴͷһֱ뺣ڣرӱһľ壡
أԲϷߣбڱϣȻЧ΢ҲãֻҪܹƻ棬߲ܳʺŽٵʱ䣬һһĳͣҲϧӵĳ׶ᣬһϣҲȫɱˣ˿̣καȭĹҲ޷κãֻҳһİ׵ֻССİӶѡ
ʱı棬ȻѾñȽӲ
ʱˣѤޱȣȴζԤ׵ĲƷ۵糸˱Ͽա
ͬʱһɿǰǿѹ֮ѹ
УһԼԼ޵߲֮Ѿڳ͡
Ѿ١
ˣ


6 ͦù
֪޿ɱ˾ǵɴ۾ʺŻ½
˶ֻ֪ȵʺȫ͵һ̣Լڵˡ
ǣڣ˿̣֪ǽڱתҲǿȻԼȴƿ涼ˡ
ֻҪʺһͣԽٶȣ˲ɴŶɱ仯Լ˸ûֹ
ʵڳ˾֪˵еĽܿ£ɱκǿߣǣʼѾ֮ǰĴ˵ʵ̫ңԶˣг뷨ֻУ£ֻһ㣬ܿµȥȻԶܹô㣬ôҲԣ
ͬģͬ
Ȼʱ˿̣ǽ㻯ؿڣͷ֮ǰĸܵǿ¡
ĵ׾һƬͬѵҽ죬ȻҪ
УǹɿǰѹԽԽͣѹһ˵ȶЩĸо
ʵĲʺԽԽԽԽγʵ״̬һ㣬콵䡣
˿̵ڳ춯κͽͣͺǵȴ˵һ㣬ľ
µѾѾȣ
ţҲǾصأҪܹڽˮԾ𣬳߲ʺеһɲǣס
֮ǰչֳƶٶ
˶ȷһ£֮£϶ûκˣܹӵٶȣٶѾ˼µĽס
νһҲѣ˶ѣ
Ǿɵ飡
ˣһߣűɫ·վҶЦߣͷڻĲʺţʧ̾ңްɫ
λǰһ£ѾǽɫԲΣȻڱݾԲͣһΪҲеԪ磬֮˵ҲѾǵһ֣ǿ֮֡
˿̣ȴһҰܣ˫񣬾ǰ֮⡣
ҶЦ֮Цһˡô죿
ҶЦ̫ۣʵôۣǸƶٶʵ̫ˣ˵ڵҶЦǰЦ״̬۷ʱ򣬵ٶҲ򲻼ģۼ٣ǳ޲ߣ˿Цһ֮⣬ʲôΪ
찡ذҵզôأòеûΪˣؾػعʵصĵһʱ䣬ѵһı֣֮
ôľôô
ľҸһ㣬һ㣡
ѽܲ
ҶЦУСС΢΢ع֧ѾҶЦϡֻè۹ԲĿתȫע۾񡭡űǵӰ
ʳ
Ҫܣ
ѭתͷҶЦȻ֣ΪôôҲôһʵȻû˵صļεΪ۰
Сĸɵĵӣü츳ǲףƾôһΪɿܴ˵ؼʦųزʵΪ֮˵أȴ죡ⲻǲɸô
ҶЦأԿЦǰҲĸɵĵӣûɡûɣô˵ҲԣѹͲƬ֮ˣֻǽŸոշ½֮ˡȻܴɵ䵽Ȼ͡
סɶŷ
עĿҶЦ΢ĩΪҲûĶϢͻȻиоһ΢ƽ⣺ԭȻ˱һҡ
ôһ룬Ȼовôˡ

ڸоԼܲҵʱ򣬾ʱͻȻ־Ȼ˱ԼҪǡôȻԾͲòٵͬһ·лǻоο
ίʵǺ΢̬
Ȼ֪ʱֻЩǡʱֿο֣ԭӸ
ӲҪƲˣ£ǵˣͬףǾ仰ͬͬϾ˭Ҳʥˣ
˼ת֮ʣĹһЦȻҶЦ򣺡ô˵һﾹǻҪùһҲ޽򡭡뻹򴳵ôꡭţŻ֪Ϊʲô˵Ҳ޽ʱûϸ˵СֻͿˡ
ҶЦֻоһͷڶ벻ʱԼȻܸ˱һֻĻᡣ
Լ޻˵
䵽м䣬Ȼʺγɡ
ܶܲһ·٣
ôǣӲ֪˵صĸԴճ̶ô֪ܷǳ൱ر֪ȫģôıĺòã


7 mia
ڳ֮Уɫɫ֮˷׷߼У˾ɫң󱾾޳һˣһ붼ǱĵӣνڳʵһȴҲעǴ˴Уһ
˶٣Ҵ˿̶ʶֻ˵ʶĿ£
׼ӦΣ
Ȼ֪ע޷⣬һһȴ˭ҲԸ
߳ȵ˶ˣȫչҺһܹҪٱκνңȫԸ
ڵĿĲǲ׽㣬ɱһɱʵѽȵףֻҪκһ˵ĹǱض군ģֻҪܹ˵ȻԼԼ˵ܹǾ޿飡
϶һɱݵɫȻ֪΢΢ȴش𣺡ǡ
תͷҶЦɫһ£꣬ǻͻأϷ򶨻죬Ҷͷע߾ȪЩеûģҲνˡ
һ£˵㡭СҲ̫ùˣһոշͽ컯Ūˡ
˵һ̾
ߴһٶһĿעҶЦһշؾ
ϣȻôùˡ
ҵù
ǴҶҪù
ôһùһ·ǻǱȽ˵ģˡ
ҶЦٶӵ
ҲҲ˵ˣ
ӽֱǺõõϼңõҪˣǡõûˣһɹ֮󣬾ǰԼǵԪ۷֣Ҳע޷Ķ֣οڵԼ
ѵԼˣ
᲻̫ɶһأ
ڴʱʺͻȻ䣬ͺһɽȻҽ
һ˲ȴͣھԼʮɸߵĵطˡ
Ƶ֮£ڳˣһһһ̣һҲܶˣ
ڣҪ˵һѣͼңֹ㣬ɴһָͷˡͬʱ¶׾ɫ
ڵ״˵ĻѾõسϣκ⡣
һ졣
һӰóȻӼӲıһӴ˳
˾ǾһֻðƴСǶ˽ɫƬСС㡣
ӳ£˸ѤõĹʣһʺ磬Ա𣬡һôԾԾǿٶȣֻʮɵĲʺţǸոճñ棬ܹʱ
Ҳֻһ˲һָһɲǣ˶ѣ
˶ʱ̣Ȼر۾
Ȼ΢ڣֻһе
ҶЦͬʱֻоؿڶȻһ漴ǸеһȻ˳ȥ
ȴǶ͵صϣͬһһ˳ȥ޴ķЩҶٵ߹ǵŶˡ
һӰԳԽ磬ļٶȣ˳ȥ
Ƕ
һֱ̾ӱˣ
ôģ˾Ȼһǳζ㣬Ȼˣôܹǰߣ
㣬ģһͺܺóԵĿ
ȻܺóԣȻɱûŹ
Ǻ
Mia
һҵͬʱѾӲʺϵڶأ
ԭ۷ƶٶȣԷǴ˽֮ޣ٣ڶǰǣȻǺ󷢣Ծܹڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣ׾Թ϶һģɹ
ʵܼ򵥣һ족֣ݣټӴ߲ʺŵ˲䣬ӺĶһڵסβͣ
׼֮
ȻȥΪֹĶ˳һצڲʺһţ֮ⲻأ߲ʺǱγɣ״ģ
츳ǷʼջڣֻӺȻһ£ʹ֮£ƴٶأһӰεŸոյֵζ׾Ȼγһʺ磬ԱȸղȥƸٶȼܻء
Ų·
˵ƶٶȣǼ٣ٶ֮µĻô֮ʱٶȣǱȼٻҪ٣ڣⱻһ֮ĸٶȣòƾֻãٸݣǿ죬쵽Դˣ
Կ쵽ڳ֪֮ٵĶӭҶЦײ˹
ҶЦҲû뵽ȻȱʣոԾ״Ŵͣ벻ڵٶȾȻ˿ֲ
ͻδü£͸оһ
ƺһʲôҶЦʶһҧ
Mia
ŭֵشһ
ȻͷҶЦһҧ


8 ʹ
Ȼɹڿڣȴδüʣͱ߲ʺ۵ܷɣһʹУͲ΢΢ſ͸˽أǶķӦԼƶٶʵ̫죬β֮࣬Ѿ׵ת˷վɲɵ䵽ҶЦڡС
ҶЦֻоһȣ漴ζ㼴ȫʧһůԳ˺˲˵ůת˲ʧ֫ٺ֮С
£˵Ŀοо
ڵǲͷҶЦԾһڣȻͷҧ
״ɵۣû뵽ԼȫƴȻգۼһ룬ŭţްգôôĲСģôͲҧһ㣬ôƫƫ˵ȥأˣҪûһҧֻ¾ҪߣȽδػ׽ס㻹дջ񡭡
һת֮ʣΨҶЦλ˻Ҫһأæһ죬ʣµβһȥһ첱ӣ漴һ
һӯ⣬ԭЩŭɴȫʧˡ
ԭҧߵĲʵǲֵʲôġмֵľǲ֣ȫмڴˣʱˣ·ռıˡ
ⲻ֪˵ڵмֵģǾǣȻͬöǸҶЦҶЦҲûκΰ취áá
Ƕڶһǻһԣȴʵʵڵ֮
˵ﾡòٺõĶʹõò䷨ͽȻ
ʱգʱ˿̣һɺ֮£һһèĸȡ裬Դϲ
ռıˣ
⣬ǡʹ
šһ֮еĲʺͻȻɢ֮仯ϼȻ󣬾ôʧӰ١
ҶЦʱоһĪʹ
£ֻеˣĿƵĵԼһ֮У̰зŭ𾪣˼顭ֻ֮ܶҪܹ뵽ȫܿõš
Ψûϲ
˴˼ʾǴľĶҶЦ
Σˣȴһֹķʽġ
˰ȫһգһա
ԽĲ׽жͲһ򵥵жҪʱðΣ֮⣬Ҫļȴüţǧǰһֱ˶һƬˮ
ÿֻһˡЩר˾ְһԱߣ˻
ֻΪ˵
ֻΪ˵õãĿԡ
񣬽ˣȴ䵽һɵܸɴֱӳԵˣ
ƫƫˣڳ˵
Ҫ˾Ǳɡ
Ҫôأ
ô㣬˶Χ£˹һ쳣ӵעҶЦΣû˿
ҶЦں˵Χ£֮Уֻڣкһ˵Ҳ鸴ӵ
ΨиղǸҶЦ˵İߣɫͬĸӣ漴ĿһǺͰгĵλ꣬ŸոշػûŵĵطԵ㲻ͼǺΣ
Ծһ㶣λٶ΢Ц˵ȥϷ򲻲ţ£ɾޣȴҲΪʮ֮һԸΪСֵڵĸλϣΪСֵıȡһδаյġ
ѭѭյ˵򣬲ţҪһԱӻ㰲ȫɳܹ֮У޺֮ǡϷô˵ΣǿСֵܣʵСֵܽԵɺ֮³˽㣬ȻΪʸ֮ġСֵ˼У󡣡
λһ˵㶼ˡ
ǰڽѾСӳˡ
εĲģѾǼȶʵˣ
ڵڼʱ뼺ڽһһȥҲԲȡýڵĹЧˡ
ڵֻںһΡ
һֻĹؼʱںһεĻѣڵҪôںɱ֮֮ϣҪôںڲ׽ϣһ֮󣬱Ҳеڶλᡣ
ҶЦ徭֮УȻѾ˽ڵܣǽƤһȥҲֻ˵ǡͨ΢һЩѡ
Ϊʧ˲ɢعء
Ҳ˵ɱˡˡˡˡˡʼֻǺá
ɵǣܹ˵Сɣȴǵֶ֮һ߱δϣ֮ǣ
ˣֻҪȥδͳɾͣҲɾػ
Ҫ˵ܹһܳΪҲ˵
һˣ˵Ŀ⣬˲


9 
ӷǣһղſȷǳ٣ûκɣûκιȫκεǣ
һֽȫûκԤ֮ˣνҪɡ
κܹһ˹ȥͬڻȥһÿԤڵ
˵ˡѾһˡ
ô˵Ҳûصˡ
εѾ겻ˣȻע黹Ҫǰģ˵ܹΪһŻȥǴ档
ڡ׽ҲҪ˳ԵģڰѳԵ˽֮ˣţȻԤ죬ȴδһϵ;ͬ飬սҲδ֪
˿̣˼λôһ˵˭ҲɵӣȻ˲ʱȫˡ
Ǻ
λСֵܣҹ츳ʹˣʺڵ·ߴ֮һԿгĽռ䣬ܹûк֮ǣ
ſڿӣѵǺ󣬾Ͳߴ֮һѵܸλСֵܳĽռ䣿
Ȼͬߴ֮ˣּһ;ר˲ӦδʺλСֵܣΨǳţ纣УΪʺСֵܷչڣǳŰɣСֵܣһջڴ
һʱ䣬ŵһŰ죬ƴĹĴԼŵôԴջҶЦתԼš
ΨƮƹ칬ŵŮӣԹۣһԲ
ţ治ǲ뿪ҶЦ˵ʵڵģҲǳҶЦ˹屦ֻŮӣԲͽܡ
ԣҶЦȻεĳɫε츳εδڣҲᶯġţԣĻǻᶯĵģֻΪҶЦеģٶҲûڣһֻĿű˿ĵ׳ͽ̾κ֮⣬ԱԹ˵СӼȻˣôŮأŮĻʲôأ
ڣûʲôˣ
ҶЦǾš֪ı飬ֱĻң޴룬ھǸոշ֮Ӧеı֡
ۼһ״ΧҶЦЩŵͶһ£⡭⡭Ҫʲô
ߣλİٶȿڣ΢Цʲô鶼ûУСֵҷſģϷߣϷԵϷӦ˼һУϷͺã
˵꣬ǰһȵϷФĺǣڴ˾λ꣬ѾҺµӣλأǿ°ͽܵ飬ҲҪ˵ֻ˵Ϸ˭ܴȥŵģһԣϷλӭ
һƬƿԣû˸ԡ
Ҫ˵ҶЦֱ̫û˵ˣһߣȻڳΪߣʵǿ֮ˣĽû˸ҷŶԣ
ƥ򣬾ȻƤȫȻ׵һߣֱˣǿƶȶʵһףڳ˻ûܸģ⻹ô棿
һƣĬκھѣŭһФĺǣҶˣңԼһƤ⼫رӣǼҹͬصĵؽ磻񳯱Ҹݱ䵽ȵزβӦôһζϺУȴǺεҲϣľ޳һͲӦΪȭͷ󣬾ܺ޼ô
ľ޳һЩһڣڳĬȻĵȴ޾̡һòȻ˵ʣ˵õϣûʣؽ磬ȭͷǵô
ȭͷͿԺ޼ôʲôʱҪʲôˣϣţô
Ȼĵ׸̣ľ޳ĳͷѣȴԳ˺һ֮˾Ȼ˳̨ĬĬע̬չ֧֣
ФĺƤһɭȻľ޳⻰ԭҲ˵ò֮õֻƺһ㣬Ҫһ㣬ǧ˭ʱʱפأ˭ǣͷ£һֱȫϷ˳ᢣͳ£֮ڴǺȴﲻԣ
һ˵ˣֻһҪѲҪ˴ÿһɴһôôɣϷҲǾƲģФĺǺһ¹غδǧƣϷôҲֻһѡ
ФĺǷƤľ޳˵㲻Ӧٺ٣˻˼ʲôҪµıǮźãֻͽЦˣ


10 ҽҶ
˵꣬ФĺǱһЦɭȻ֮⣬˺ƤζȻңΡ¹ǰ;ˣФĺǾò
ľ޳ɫ࣬
˵һĬȻ
Фĺ⻰˵òڳʣмѹȺ֮ߣҲͬѡ
ǧغУҲȷФĺΪߣսǿ˼ҲίʵΪͷ֮ھ򣬶ڲ׽Ҳǲĵ࣬ռ˴˼һ롣
˵ʵۺһɣФĺҪǴ⣬Ҫǿд˽Сһ˾ҪЭҲδס
ȻסȴһʹɱءĶͨǻˣ˼ɣǵɱ仹ɱһʵŸոշСһʵڲʲô£
ܹФĺǳ˵Ǿ䡮ѵ˴ÿһɴһ飿һ㣬ĵȴǷǳͬġ
ϾǸһﵱгԽ㣬δɾͣע޿
ܹԼ֮УȻǾѣˣ֮ȴҲδһ²еϲߡ
ɵòҲҪõô˵ҲҪǧɳΪֺ绽ĴߣѹҪǿöɡ
ľ޴ڣǰǣǣδҲǣ
δľֻԽԽпᣡ
Ѿߴ֮һֶôһţʱ
һʱ䣬ȻԾɳĬŵǹѹɱҲѾǺ֮
ҲֻҪһһʲôɣֻĳһסȶⳡɱԵˡΪĿĵĴսչ
ҶЦεУ
͸оЩ˵ɱ⡣
вһЦһɿǰɱһֽͲס̬Ƴô˵ҲΪңЩ˲űڷ
ЩˣȻ㶼ûижͼ˼һллûУĴҪԼˡ
壬Ҳ̫һЩɣ
ЩϣԼĺ󣬳ҲֻԱ棬δΪԼӦţЩҲἴʱɸЩҪԼһ죡
⣬ν˵
ľ޳ǰһְһɱȻ漴Ҫ˵
ФĺǺеظоɱ⣬֪Ǹľ޳ֵĻᣬһսʼɫʱ˵˵رӵѾᣬλǺһʹ˸ˣӴ֮ɽˮڡ
˵꣬ǰһһƣͻȻľ޳
ľ޳ֻоԷƸǶȻһʱڱǽϣ˵
ФĺǲȶԷҶЦҪߡ
Ȼ˿̣ԱͻȻ˸ʵ꣬ʲô֣
ҶЦһתƺʶĻشңҽҶ
ФĺԵʱüͷһôʵʲôͻشʲôȻһӾ͵Լ֣֪;նô
ȻȴǹЦҶ֣ǺУȻһɳȻƣ
ЦУҶЦѾ߳ȥɡ
˼ʱں棬˸ƺƵȥ
˾Ŀɭע⺮˵ȥӰɱ¶
Ҷľ޳߶֣λ֡С
һԲɱȴԽԽŨ
ȻֻһţԹŵܹĪɾ͵ģȴġ
ûһֵ֣ʺţġҶ֣ȻѾĳʡ
λΪǸõΣǰľ޳ٶȿ˵ˡֻɫĿɭȻᡣ
ҵڴ˵ĳԣֻΪ˽㣬еʲôȫȤȻѾһ䣬Ǿʹ˸ˡƮƹǰŮĿɭ䣬һ֣ߣ
ʮŮӱ˴һХתߣɾ䣬˿ˮ
ƮƹеӣѵǱ칬еôһ˵СôգԱߣߵŮһҲߣ
һŮӳȻ񹬶СӲмһˣ칬ǶС࿴ͽ˳Ц
˵գҲͷҲصĺХȥ
񹬣Ȼôˣߵ޷ˣ
ʣµһ˵һʱɴûӦ˺ðΣֻתһ룬ȴֺһ㣬û˵ʲôֻ
Ҫ֪ĵλߴ֮ϣȻֲܶ࣬ʵҲߣԵƵ£ȴ׿
ǴͲеӣҲ֪飬˵Ҳֲǡ
ؼһǣ˼ʵۺòû̫ǸԵɺϳ½Сӷڣϣߵô̹һҪأ
ľ޳Ŀ⻺شʣһʵǿᣬȻԲںǸ˵Сӣǲ񹬣ǸţҪ׷񹬵ĵλͱȱ˴˾Ψнִ֮󣬲ʵﵽһزܹ˳ȥƽƽĲΡ
ΪƣʱԾԷӶã񹬲ż⣻żֻǣǾԲŻȥӵպѹǵĵƣ
һӺһԵģֻǣ
ľ޳Ŀɭ䣺ҡ
Ļû˵ڳȴǶղ
ȻˣǱ㡭
˵飬ɱȴԽԽŨ


11 ֻͨè
㱨֣Ȼֹ̹ȴʮֲǣνФĺһ߼Уһ߶ҶЦ˵֪Ѿʸ֮ģ˼ȴֱ¶ʵţ½󡭡ǻ̫̫顣
ҶЦ˵ҵʱûô࣬ңôǿߣҲһǰ˴ѯܲӦ
ǿߡФĺһЦƾһȻҲбΪǿ֡һգЦ
ֽ׶ε˵ǵҲȷǿǿˡФĺǳ˹ĿҶЦ˵СӣֻҪ㹻Ŭܿ죬ܿͻᷢЩеνǿߣڿʱг˶ԡǿߡԾηΪʱѾУΪҪӵǿߣңһһԶֻҪŬ
ߵļӣ֮£ǵ͵͵Ц
ҶЦҲǿȥЩִٲЦЦЦúǿֻ˵ǲ֪룻ʵȴһЦ
֣϶ǹⱨȥġ
ȻҶЦĿǲô򵥣һڱʵֵһ˲䣬ŻȻԼǰһӣҶЦ֣Լδ㹻ǿ֮ǰǾԲټʹõġ
ŵļɻ䡣
һͻɱ֣֮֮ڿܴڵΣ˵һɱûŹ
Լġ֮衯Ǹ֣˺½ĹҲǴڷա
ҶЦѿڱҶ֣νһ˫غ壬غķʡ
ôĵڶԭǡԼ·󡭡ǰΧԼԼ֮һ
ţڡǳš
ڼȻĺûᣬܲҵ鷳
˵ˣԼҶ֮󣬹Ȼɸ겻ϣԼȴҲһõĥᡣ
ФĺλҶЦûждɴûȥ
Ҳ֪Фĺ˵ⷬһ⣬Ȼĳ㣬ԾΪȣԼδŵһϣУȻҪúк
ֲФĺ΢ЦҶһƬҶҪȴҪз磡дϡſԡ
Ǻ󣬾ķ磡Фĺǵ
ҶЦȻлФϿء
ЩЦԷǣںһ֣ȻôԢ⣿
ˣֻèأФĺ˵ץ˽ֻèФĺǿ˵ǷǳȤġ
ҶЦЦһӻн˳һúܡ
ФĺǴһöҲǷƤؿ
ФĺǴʧ
ϸϸĿ˰죬ڻ棺һｵһұΪֻèǺ֣ޣץס㡣ȴû뵽Ȼ
Ȼһֻôͨļè
仰û˵
ҶЦĨűӿЦǰҷ֮󣬾ͷСι͸ˡ϶ϲߡλп
仰棬©̫ˡ
Фĺȴû롣
ΪǴһ濴ⶼһֻͨ˲ͨļè˭ôͨһֻèȥٸףǲǳԱ˳ŵûô
Ů˻ϲСɰļһФĺǡ׺ӶһˣȵҪҪģѾá
ݵҶЦǲȤ˵ֻèҲ⣬˽㣬廹Ǻޱ仯һֻֻץͳè֮󱬷ٶϷ̾Ϊֹ
㡭ڷʱ򲢲Ǻܿ졭ҶЦĵ
ԡФĺΪԼҵɣʱǶܶԾÿˡ
˵ţЩҵĵҿҧסĲͷ򣬿ɾͰϹˡһͷֵǮʣµģȫá
ҪСͷǿɾǱˡ
ҶЦͷͬФ˵öԣ
ҶЦУһ˫èۺܲġ߰ĿФĺǣѾ췭ظӣ֪ʲôޣ
֪ޡүһ
Ȼ˵⣬⣡ȫҶ⣡
ȻֵǮͷͷһ
ʲôĶ
ͨèүҼèһ
ҪһֻèүҵĵΡ涼Ѿʮأ϶
߷߲ƽ
Ȼүأ϶Ҳ̫ˣ
ΪⷬҶԶȫû˺ģΪҶЦ˲鷳
ҲΪ仰öӴ˳ײФĺǡ
ڶͷ˿үǲ֮𡭡
һ죬үҪÿ
ߣ
ŰۣĹĵĺţ˦βԼҶЦĿڴ
ٿ϶
ߣ

һ·עƽ˳öСġФĺǽĻȴǶڵ˵ģأ࣬ǰѹѹ֣ͳ˵ʮӣʮǰʮ￪·һ쳣ʱХʾһСġ
ǡʮ˿ɣһ뿪˴󲿶ӣٳǰʧڴ֮С
ģʮ˶Ϻ󣬲Ƿ׷Фĺ˵
ǡһ˴ӦһŲŻµʮ֮нٶȣ󲿶롣˾롣


12 ţ
˶ˣӿٶȣȫǰФĺǳ˵һֻסҶЦ֣಻ϵҶЦעһ·ɳۡ
һ·ɱһʱ֡
µҫ֮ʱФĺһ󲿶нһСɽϣкϢ
һ·ҶЦȻõФĺǵĴ֧Ԯʱ˿ԾɺܵĶϵһ㣻ôűļܣ֧ոн֮Уо̫ԣ˿Ϣ֮ʱФĺջԮһ·ɵƣ͸мϮҶЦΨһĸоֻУòƲԼˡ
ѹҪȺ½ص̫̫ˡ
ҶЦΪں½ȫٱۣܸǧ·ǺģͬΪΣԼٶϰ·ƾҪݽߣٲά衣
Ĳ죬Զ׼رȫ޷ͬն
ȼ
ҹɫ׾
ƺ˼ʶѾ֮С
µգ紵ҶЦһʱһɻ΢оȻ䣬ӵ΢⡣
˼ʣζѾԶԶ
ʦǲøϵżɣФĺߵһЩʦĽߴɣ֦ͬţƽֵԾӣϵһڵ࣬νռƣţô󶯸ɸꣿ
ߴ֦ͬФĺĿ¶ԼڽɫɫúأɼҶЦ˿̾;֮ȴؿˡ
ФĺԼͽܣţƽֵԾӡЩôģĽǵԼʦֵܣ
ǰɫغ񣬳ͽԴ˴޻ɣңһֱĽ̻壬Ҳˡѵлʲôβɣ
ФĺмڽɫŨһ˿̾Ϣ
Ҳô롭˵δʵϣкܳһʱ䣬Ҳô룬ֻǣۼҲδ桭ФĺǿЦһб֮ɫ
һһ˲䣬ƺЩˣ漴ֱͦ˱˿ҶЦҲúţЩҲͬʱǶ˵ģպ£ǧ򲻿ɻ
ҶЦǡ
ФĺǳţƺԼ˼·ôʣãһֵͳĿ˵
ڣųֵţԭҲݴţϹʱڣڱһţԴһʦүһΪν޵Уһѧǹھ£ЦŽ񡣡
ʦү£ӣӣÿһλ츳ž֮ӻԵյյİ壬ڡֽڡ
ԭΪţ޳ΪȤһճХµ⣬ֽʦŹ»챦ճڣҲǵĽźԴͷڡ
ӣҲڻԵ֮͸ǳ޾֮Դڡ
ŵھֻڣڣڣʲôڣǳšЩ߰㡢Ż˵ʵǺ˺ҼȥģΪ߶˴ϵΣȴܱȵǵĴã
ФĺǴһڣ˵ֵţǴӴ˶𡣡
ȴһ㲻⡣ȻʦͬԴôΪʲô֮䣬ȴԽԽǡЩԶˣһֱٴ֮󣬹ϵ޸Ʊ˴޼䣬ȴ־Բǵʦֵˡ
Ȼű˴֦ͬͬ飬һ㣬ǲ١˵˵Ļûʲô󣻵ʵϣȴǴشģ
˵شĸֵʱФĺǵ쳣࣬öЩֲˡ
ʦΪӽ󡣡Фĺǵӽз˿̹˵
ФĺǵЦЦŹϵٱ濴ǣûгĳ⣬ֺгǻ᳤õıȥô˵Ǳֻһͨϵŵӣ츳Ż磬ң˼ѰںҲǲʲôһ·ͣƽأ
һεıȴŸĲͬԵɺ֮£˽ڵѷĴ컯
ýڵζţƾջȡһΪФĺǳô˵ǳʲôôԵֻҪǳŹ֮󣬾ȻȻӵΪ
ФĺĿƣԼĴӣʲôˡܹӵΪһ˶ЩǿߣһΪô
һΪ׻ӷóɳʲôһ˶šФĺǵЦôϣ
ԸһǻҲҪһ֦ĳȥģ


13 ν
עȴȫûʲôǰ;δ棬ֻע⵽һ깦ʶŴ죬תͷҶЦԳ˵⡭һꡭɶøɾΪ
ͻȻ䱯˸˵Ĳ࣬ôôأ
ԼƴƴĿ̿ҲŲΪֲǸ˵ϲϣ˵²µβΡ
ոշСӣһԵɺϣȻѾ߱һǱ
ܲˣĽʺޣ
ţȻֵŲ٣ô˴ҲŲϵΪѹһͷѹһͷҲ伫
ǵļŵӣִĪĺ磬ʮ֮˾ţںֽţں֮У꼸䡭ҲͬǵֱʡЩ£ֻ֪Ƥʱ򣬶Ų˵ˡ
⼸仰һ˵ʯ쾪
͵صɴ۾УǲţͰ͵⡭ôôܣ
̲סµš
Фĺһͷߣ̾Ϣ÷ѾԼССӻûֳΪжĵزֻܰȫܰȫΣգֻҪڵԣȻԮֵġ
һ仰ȴǸˡ
벻ԼȻΪвĻᶼûУ
࣬ʵôôأ
һֱΪʦĴӣλҲߵġɣϹҺŵģڽУҲһ֮УԼҲ֪ҶԼǿ
û뵽ȻǡɱҵȤûС
ΪûвͷԮҡң
ҲҸ̣һˣ
ФĺǿԼĴӣʵ֪⽭ϣҪһļֵԺַʽأ
仰ФĺѯԼĴӣʵȴͬʱʡ
һȻǷһȴҶЦ
һʱȻФĺ̾˿תҶЦ
ҶЦƬ̣ôʵ˵ļֵڶϿڣҪɱж˽뷨ʵʩ
ֻ˵ʵܹв˵ʱ򣬱˲ŻҪɱ֡һ˼ֵʵ֡
˵Щпᣬȴеġ
ФĺԵʱĿǰһҶЦӵؼԭҶȥΪ˽ڵԵʣٱɳһǿ󱲵Ŀԡ
ڣФĺǶҶЦȴЩĵϲˡ
ǰ½֮ˣһΪѰ֮˵ľȴ쳣ȵģǰˣȻжǿߵľηȴҲ˵ĳǣʵǿ֮ģ
ԽҪɱһˣ֤ӵеļֵҲԽ󡭡ФĺǺζ˵⣬ȫȷ
˵ûпܣôһˣ½˶ɱأУ˵ļֵָжأ
½ԵôФĺǳһᣬ֪ʲôˣبԽÿһβܻôһֻÿһγɵӰвͬ
粻ǰǸˣ½Եеĳ̶ȡȴǹŽ񺱼Фĺҡҡͷ̾ϢֻϧȻǿߣ󻹲ˣ˳ݣ½ԵУôõеģ
ҶЦĿһ
֮£Ĳʢ˼ʦе˭ڡѽһƺʲôЩ²˵ʦղᵽˡѵǡѵǡ
ҪǸ˵֡Ȼ䣬ԾǷͬСɣ£ңžҲ֪жˣ֣һֱ˺ܾ֮󣬶𣡡
ФĺǿЦһͽ˹ȥղŵĻ⣬ԣţϺʵϣ֮Ҫӵһ
ΪԽ֮ĹϵԽں˴˵ʵߵͣ¡Фĺɫ޾㯣Ӹԡ϶ܸıġ
ֽΪν¼Ҳ׹롮½ԵСΣ֮УңǵЩˣȻֹһҪأһ·עգ
Фĺǳ̾Ϣһ·˽ҪȷѪ꣬㡭
ĿƣܣĪ⣻Ī˵㣬Ϸ򡭡ܹƽȥİգҲǡ޼
ΪҪصʵ̫ˣеƴҲƲΪЯߡȻȥţ
ԣ׼СΨˣгûȥĻᣡ
Фĺ˵仰Ͳٿ
ӳϣɽҶҡҷУԵмɭƺһһ㡭


14 壿
ҶЦҲٶԣʼϥչĵһ
УɵţһֻСè仹Ҫ
ֻƬ֮֮ĺ糱ˮһ߻㼯ӿ
ҶЦֻо¾Ũ֮Уν֮ƮƮȻ
ھУµõĽڵһһϸ΢˼ķ϶ϸҶЦ磬вȴϸȪ
һɼµģᣬı⣬ٲһƵȪҲƵкھ֮лУƺ˵ĸй٣Ҳࡣ
ˣȪ֮нݡˣÿһ񾭣ȥУķΧ֮С
ͬʱռ֮ЩŨҲڻҶЦľ֮УϽһڵĴ£˲ںϳһ壬ǰ֫ٺ澭
֮ҶЦת֮£ж츳£ҲɽХһϮ
ͬĸԴĸͬʱҶЦľ֮п࣡
˵ٶĵӣ⣬زԵŨȿǰԣһĪԣȴҲ֪ܴᣬ
һϥȫĵĵϢ
ФĺǼ״ȴüͷ͵һ壬ؼ쳣ۼȻиһᣬһ˫۾ɲĴȴ޷ȷʲô
ƶۼ࣬йܹ۲̽⣬ֻתʱܽʵĸоȻתԸӦҲܹ֪ŨȾ仯ѡ
һ̡
ФĺϢȻʮɵĸ߶ȣһ̤ٶȼһزȥƼЧ֮ʣ˫۶Ȼһٴΰʮɡ
ˣФĺȻʮɣڴ˸߶¿ȥ
Ȼ̽ⲻǣĳЩȴܿüģҹ
ҹ˵Ũȱ仯Ӧı仯һɵһӦ仯һѡǸϽûϴΪĻᣡ
Фĺȴһ㣬뵽Ҫ˵Ǻԭһ仯뵽ͨҹԤ仯Դͷڣ־ǾĲͬɣ
ФĺǾӸ¿ȥȻߣֻ·ͷҹƺڷĶڻγһеķΧ
Ǹ͵ģȻǡոձԼǿдģǸҶ
Фĺǲɴ۾һ̣ӣҪĳۿˣ
һ̣治Լ۾һУ
ǳΪҲͲԪһƷˮ׼Ԫ֣Ʒ֮£ưɡ
Զ̺òΨд˵֮еʲγɡФĺǵһţֻд˵е壬пܣ΢ĩΪʱܹγı졭
ʣѾûйˣ紫˵һʡ
Фĺǵע·ھ۾ҶЦɶƵķ
ҶСӣ˵س˽ڵӵΪ׵Ǳʡ
ôĳɾǡ
Фĺһʯһشӳվ£ҶЦǰϸϸĹۿҶЦ壬Ƥɫһ
ڹ۲˺þ֮󣬲ڷ֮Ȼһɵģ޷ݵĻֺҶЦƤ֮º֡
ǲϸ۲⣬ֻһ㣬ʮа˾Ŷǿֲ˵ģ
˻ФĺĵһȻǡ˵֮еģ磿
һƨڵϣɫò
ĿЩɣҶЦתתȥ̾һ
ԭҶЦɣĿνͨ͸Ծ磬ΪԼãȻãǲܣҲ䵽Ŀԡ
ദЩøУоֵøһ۱ȫˣһȴ޵úܣϾκ˶ֵԼ̫ࡣ
һ۾һۣФĺԤƲʮգȻܹȫ;ȫҶ̫󣬱Ҫϵ֣ǾͲֵˣҶ˼ʹȻɾӣɾʼҪʱ䣬δؾͱȵӣΣ˵
ǿɾͽ˵ֱ佫˽ļһʱԴͷûˣȻʲôΣҲͶûˡ
ȫˮһգʲô
ڵֿȴФĺǳ״ǰ뷨


15 ѷɣ
ͬʱߴ˵еʣԼΪˣֹ˲ţֱӾһעǡҶĳΪˡ
ФĺǴڴڵĿԽԽôǲܹѹţСǹһ˶񹬣ưϣ
ֿԣܴ󣡶ǰֻһǾǡҶܹлɳֻҪѣʱ䣬ҶѾǺܴӵ츨һֻͬҪǱʱ⣬Ϳ򶥼УǾǿߣ룡
ФĺĿз⡣
ˡôȫˣϷˡҲֵõģФĺԱߣһ̾Ϣ
ɣ˵ĸ

Фĺ˺ܾã˰Σڴӻȡһöָöָƽƽ棬ϻЩֵɫʵǺܲۡ
ФĺǱתָһĨ
κ󣬾һֻɫͻȻϢֻһ壬ѾʧӰӡ
ϣɡܹһЩ˽ӦصĵӡФĺǴ˿̵Ŀǣ࡭ڸоѾЩˡ

ڶգ賿
ٳʱ֣¶أ¡
ҶЦ۾ֻǰٶλĵӣѾ׼׵ʱԳ
ֻڵԼϣһ·̡
ҶЦЩ֣ôû˽ңڳˣһһ˭Ҳǿ̫࣬ôǨһСΪ֮ʶϷòҲ̫˰ɣ
￴óȻ㣬ֻ»ľʦûʣһҪ㡣ͷƤЦЦ
ԭˣڴ˶лǰĺ񰮡ҶЦЦŸлȴɻ󲻽⣺Ľ͵˵ͨƾ㵵ΣӦôŻûеܹĵزɣ
Ϊ˽ǵ¡ţǲܡ
ν¶ߣǸߣȫԡ
бҪʱɱң
ΪֻҪɱңǴԴ´󼪡
ôӣ΢ǻ簮ȴΪǰأ
˵ҶЦָоİΪҶôԼ
ǡҶԼʲôˣ
ЩˣФĺǡеĺˣԼʲôˣ
̫Զˣȫûпɱԡ
Ǹ˵Щ˶ԴԼ̬ȵĹô
ФĺǼҶЦϣһ£һ˼·һ·ǰȻȫ޷ˡˣν˳쵽˼㣬ֱλҪ⡣
һֱ̤˱ѩԭؽ磻Զ˱ɽԾûκһ֣Ԥ֮епɱȻһҲûз
õİȻڵӵ仺һҲʼ̸Ц
ΨФĺǵɫԽԽԽľ
ϣ˯ϢôϥȴֲǽԶԶɢעһз紵ݶ
ʱ򣬼ǼֻҰ޴оФĺҲɢ鿴ȷϡ
˷লľԱСĵ˼
ԽǰߣФĺ֡ণľԱ̬ȱФĺǵС̬Ӱ£ĵҲ
ФĺǲǺбΪ֮ˣǵλ͵λߣСʱӦ䣬̬Ƶˣ
мڴˣһһҲǱСа⡣
һ·ϣߵʲôطҶЦԶǶмλãΪ֧УΪȫڣǳֱʻٵڣ
ФĺǵĴӷһΪְıڣ粽ĸҶЦҶЦҪȥϸéޣһ⣬һǰ
״ҶЦЩЦãȴ޿κΡ
ƽĶۣҶЦڽ󡯵ӣһȤҲûУ
ǺʵСеһжҶЦԶû壡
ҪҪҸأ
·ԽԶҶЦߵƻҲֻҸоԽԽãѡ
ںһжмλãȻȫλãȴҲעĿλã
ҶЦĿǰΪٶ֮Уӹɾһ
ٶˣ͵ΪҲԪƷϵˮ׼
ҶЦֻԪƷ
ʵҲΪһ·ϣϵλɽڵ֮ܶڳʱҶЦֻԪƷЩƷˮ׼
ں½㿰޵еʵȴʵʵ޻ٵĵףʵ֮ǰȻޱȲпᡣȴҪܡ
ҶЦڵΪҪЩƤߣֱǳ˵Σ
ѷɣ


16 ǰ
ÿһ죬·ϣԷʱϢʱϵʱ򡭡
ФĺܻһȺˣȻҶЦ죻ҹĵ֮⣬˼һΧһȦ졭ܹĵ飬ɶԹǷǣĽ¡
ФĺƺǸоʲôʱܻ᲻ĽԼѧеľڣÿһεĽ͸¶䡣
ЩܻڵһƬ˼
ȻһЩԼۣҶЦۡ
ҶЦıĶԣȻǲĳͷӲʲôڴۣͽ۶ԣʵУ
ȻȴڣľҲǺܷǳ൱رĶ࡭
Фĺ˵ʲôֻҪҶЦһڣܹʱץסص㣻󣬺ܼ򵥵һۣФĺǸоӿɽҲ
ÿ֮ФĺǶҶ˼֡
ӿɽô
治ǣ
ҶЦͺñӵѧʿʵֻǿСӵĳˣһλѧʦСѧ⣬ȻֻֻƬȻֻʶĻشȴ޲Ҫһеģܲģӿɽ̣
治ӿɽ̣֪
ҶЦܹоФĺǣ˵Ǻ˰ɣǿ϶㲻ϵģԼȴĺãԭܼ򵥣ֻΪԼԺкôмĺô˶ѣ
֮һֻһ˵ߣ
ɣеΨһ
ɵ棬Фĺǵ档
ֻҪǣ棬һж·ФĺǱ˵ڣ
󣬾Фĺвɺʥأ
ΪɣˣǿһС
Ȼǣĳ൨ģ
ЩɣĵӣҲѵáҶЦ˼ţ̲סЩ棺治֪ԴʲôĽ͹䣬һ˵ġĹ
һ·ϣвٺӶҶЦߣһȻܹĴⲻⰵ̣ҶЦʱ޵ζ
ԴˣҶЦȻǺϡ
ǣյó֮࣬ÿФĺ졢ҶЦʳ¯֮󣬵˼֮࡭ÿ˶ҶЦ̬ȸĹۣȣ壬óϷ
˿ҶЦҲ𽥸ı䣬ԭľӸ£תΪƽӣԼӡȻĿǰڴﵽɽֹĳ̶ȣǱĬδûһգ
ҶЦÿһο仯ĵ᷺ܻĪĸп
ЩˣǵԼԼֵϲ֮ԩ֮пɱŵĵӡ
ͨʱദȻܹȷһһģһԲϾܰεɱ˲գ۵ĺݽɫһҲ㲻Ǻˣ
Ҫ˵жôɶȴҲĲá
Ͼôһȭͷǵ磬ɱˣΪɱҪõĻȥֻѡȶɱˣǱȴ
ȻǱĬˣҲֹǺһ˵ȶѣ
һյ硣
һĳصһɽͷϡ
Фĺһ֣˾ͬһʱͣסǰеĽŲ
ҶЦФĺӵĿ¿ȥֻ˴ɽͷʮ֮£һƬĺ֣λãǴ˵ɽͷߴۿȥĿǺɺһ߼ʡ
ٹȥǧĺֵ򣡡ФĺĿأصļɵҲǹСΣյһ·
ҪɱǣνȻĽɱͬʱҲֵĵط
һսʮӣֵܹͨģ֪ж١
Фĺǵڵӹ˾ͦأ̧ͷ
ǰ̽·ҲѾأкϺҲȫϱһڴˡ
֮ǰϷм仰Ҫ˵
Фĺǵɫ쳣Ŀն˼ζȻһɺȻ֮ȴҲϽγɡ
ǣǺһ֮УռҪλģʲôФĺǳʵ
˼ʣҶЦҲڲȴĴ𰸡
ţеһȭĿڣׯϣɫտȻشߵغģ
ûţһѿݹǣţұ߳彭
ФĺǴĵͷҪǣǸõΣ
ΨԸ̣ҵıѪǣݷǣȪຬЦ
˼䡣
Фĺһ֪Ҷ˽ڵνǰ;ֻҪܹͻţôָտɴ
ȴ־Բ֣ȻɱҶ
ǰ·ȻѪȷ磡ɱܾڽ£ǧĺ֮У
ڴˣֻҪһ£Фĺ˻ơ
ʦģۺȻҵȷǣǺɣҲҶʦܵˣ


17 Σ
ҵδذҪ̤ʬǶ
ʮĿᶨͬ
ФĺһͷĿӨХһȵ
ˣгĶɽ塣
źַͦ
Ȼûκһ˱ֳԥ˼
ȻҶЦĳȣ಻Ϊ֮ݡ
Ҳ˵ճԹֻǿЩ˵òЩ˵ĻֹͲˣšܹĵط㣬ʢ˥һڵɣ
ģ
ȴں½ζġ
괫Уڣ
ҶЦȷǽ˽ڵĲԼǰԻ޵ЦľһոշĻֻڸղһ̣ķΧ֮УʻԺųأ
ʹ˳Ϊӵߡ
ӴһԺϹᣬѣ޻ڡ
ΪԶʤԴ
࣬һĵ޷ĥӡǣ
һĻûаǷڵĵжܲģ
ҶЦΪ֮жˣ
ֻжһ£ʱѡȴһ£˴죬ȻεĸжΣ֮ʱвòľ

ʮ֮ΧѾֲָĿˡ
ͷŨܵĺ֦Ҷʲڱεʵʵ¾ǺĿݲݣ롭׳˺֮ݣҲб𣬼һôߡ
˾ôһԲôһһСĽ䱸ǰߣƬУֻһġŲ
ȻФĺɫȻһ䣬Ӽ鶯˼£ţϸᡣ
ȻһԾȥ𣬽ͷïܵҶһӳƣкȻһʲôһ
ϸֱ֮࣬ɫ˲ʱޱѿ
ֶֻѾЩ΢΢ˣָͷǽڷףФĺǲһγ彫ȥһʱɫȻ԰ֽ˿Ѫɫ
ʦôˣʲô£еʵ
˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱѭȥ
ȴФĺǵƻɿֻģһֻȸСССɫ˿ȴѾȥ
ȸһŵĿФĺǣʦĪ㡭
˵ȴû˵ȥһȻǱԼƲˡ
Фĺȴĵͷ֤ʵ˷Ʋ⡣
һӵɴ۾ֹڳ˻һЩʶԼҪ֪ģɵⷽ漫Ϊעء
ȸǺеĴѶݡ
ղϷȥ鿴Фĺǳ֮ϣķʬ塭
û˵꣬Ѿкüȥٴȷϡ
ҶЦ˼Ҳ̲ס棬Ҳ֮ϣֵֻϿңȻ鲼ʬ塣
ֻǣȴûдͷݵĲк
ʬҲѻһСȴǼ࣬ۿȥһƬһƬơ
ȷФĺǵٶ֮࣬ɫͬúѿ
д˱ʣʵȻȷ󣬼Ѿʼжңһһ֡Фĺ촽鶯һ£ص
ݣФĺҧݷĳ⼸֡
ʦ֮ԻôЩǾΪǵıѶȫģͣأԲŵʵ
˵Է˶Ҳ⣬Ͼǲ֪Ϣʲôȴ֪ǺԦ֮ܣΪ˱һԸɴһݣʱоϿյСݣȫɱңҲôģ
ڵֿǣ֮ǰųȸԷһ޲𹥻ֶδˡФĺˮ֮ǵǰȫȻ֪
Ҳ˵ڴԮעᵽӲ˽Ӧ
ڿʼǾֻܹ¾սơŵΧˡФĺɫ鴤һ£ֻܲЩΣա
ʮӣÿϵɫ
ЩɣΪһ뺮󣬾Ȼȡ˵ֶΡ
ɴɱһ򣬲ɷŹһ
ֶ֮֮пᣬ֮ȫ޹˼ɣֱѾǡ伫
׵ǰ״ͲҪи಻ҪļСˣФĺһȣ·ǰС
Զ׼ѾϾ˼㣬ٶ˵࣬Ҳû̫塣
ȻԮֻԷ֣ȫǰУɴһ
ߵϦѪɫ
һҹ˶۾ߣ֪һФĺǺݺһ٣Ǹʲô˼Ϣã컹ôӦʣҪԼԼôȫ˯ֵҹһ۾һ
ҹ
һͻأ뾪ѡ
ʱκһ紵ݶܾͷ
һͻȻҽһС
漴ûϢ
ɭֲĺ֣ͻȻøӵɭֲ


18 ۽ڣ
˲ʱ
˷׷׿Ǹӵķ֮أ
ֻڱԵǸҽĵӣأԽ߬һιߣɫڣȻѱ
ӣһΪȻֻ֮ƫһԪƷˮ׼
Ȼôһҧһڣͼʱ
ʲôߣ
Ե˹
ҶЦעĿȥֻߣͨ鲼ϸۣէһ鳤ˮһ¡ͷϣиɫڡ
˿̣ҲѾˣȻǸˣԱΪһȻ޷дԼ߾ȪˣȴǽȫΡ
۽ߣФĺɫ䣬һУмλΧ£ʱ֣һҪȷȫգ죡
ҶЦҲǳһ
۽ߣ
۽ڣ
ǰʮĶ֮У۽е
ɼ䶾֮Ե
ǰ˳ɹ۽ߵĶҺԴΪãһŲҰŵǼˣлһλԪƷ֣
֮۽£
Ԫµĸ֣۽߾֣֮η֮߷֣

ԶͻأһƵĵ
棬һʱ侹ֱ治ǴһߴԴͷڡ
ֻƬ̣ԲٹƬ̣˷ɳɳɳɳĹŹ졭
Ȼд۽߸ϹΧˮйͨĸ֡
⡭Ҫô죿˵ɫһƬɷס
زֻ֮УȺ۽ߣֱӾ͸
Фĺɫûϵ˾Ȼݶ˹
Щ۽ߣ˲ٿأǵ־ǲٿȺߵý顣Фĺǵ֮УǾѵĹֶΣʤٰ޼ƣӦΪѡ
̧ͷ˿ͷϵ֦ʶ̾˿
ҶЦ뷨ĻΧ֮£ҪԸ۽ߣõӦֶΣĪڻ𹥣ǴҶïܵУǰңͷ
³ֵ״⵽𹥣ǵʱ򣬾ͨΪҲδܹӵóȥ
Ҫ˵Լȼˡ
ǲʵѰ·
֮䣬мλѾڵӿճһƬطаɷԲһƬؽ磬ȫգһƬݲҲûˡ
յ֮дҲһһϣԶԶض˳ȥ
ľϷȻһʵɫ˽
䵽ϣһƬҰס
¹£ֻﾡһƬ˷۽߻ǰͺһĹ˻˻ͣȴǾĶǣĻꡣ
飬ܵĴϣҲ۽ߣһ˫˫п۾ųˣЩ۽߽ӹȻƴʱ˶ɡ
ۼֻ²۽ߡФĺһ̾۽ߵľۼ֮أŶ֪˭ҲóȻǣԪǿҲ⣬ӲóȻǳΪһЩųƱؽ£٣Χǧ﷽Բ飬һܹҳ·ߣҪ˶۽ߵɵ֮ģ
벻Ϊ˶ԸǣȻóɥĲ⣡
ҶЦԲ۾һФϣź֮ԷܹЩ۽Ͳ跨ô
ԷȻԤıã붯ѾˡФĺɫࣺ۽ϲϵζֻҪŵˣǾ͸Ҳϲߵġ
˵䣬Ȼ࡮ಡȴһ۽Ѿ˹
ΧһȦĺһȻɫҰףȴܳסӦսһ۽һΣȫ©
СģһδܽȫעطǰأͷλãܹߴãƫҲһҪͷִȥҪԼ£䴹ɣФĺǼæѡ
ôһѣڵӼæͷһ˹ȻһѾնϰͷĲ֣Ȼ滹䶯ţԼһҧ
һУæһŽ֮߷ɡ
Фĺǵüʱʱûг
⣬ƺѾһƬ۽ᵽѪ֮Դ󷢣׷׵Ͼ
ۡ
ĳһȫ޼ϵǽ۽ײܲսսļҳ̶ȿ
۽ϵȻϸСȴǼȼͣƻҪڽϹܹһϣֻһĻҶЦƾԼĿǰΪǳһϮأϮأ



19 ޱȺ
ȻԪΪһͬʱϮߣڿǰ֮󣬵˵ʲôҲˡ
նҲ֮ʱܹõֶξֻн֮ȥȵعһ֮ն
ʵϣÿһֹҪͬʱߵϮҪԸ඾ߵͬʱϮҲԲý߻ȥַԶҪնʩչƵ
˸ĵ״֮£ΧʮӻְֻʱĹ򣬾Ѿоһ첲飬ò
ڵӳƣ֮⣬Ҫ۽ֳ֮ԼڽпйɫԴȴԱѬͷǡ
ˣФĺǼʱһϺȡ
ǴʱԲˣ֧ȥֻºܿͻǿɾ̫òʧˣ
ʮһ⻰ɴ⣬˵˻أ漴ʮ̽ٵǰʮ˵վλŸոճȥʢǰ˷ΧΪսԪ棬գ֮䣬°۽߱³սնɱ
ֻϧϷ粻꼻һ֣Ƭ֮½սӵԪظͬǰһһľ֮УҪԻΪնɱռСһֶѣŸոķȦٶȱѹ˻ȥ
ֻǣȻΧսֹۣ͵ǰ״ԣп֧һʱ䣬ʱ뽩֮У
ҶЦ̧ۿȥֻ˷۽ѾγһƬ⺣
Ƭ⺣֮У֪Ъ޼ϵĲͣɫߣֱ׾Թ϶ʵɱ棬ȴֿþˣȴǿʹ򹥻ɵķߣÿһʱÿһ̣߱ն𣬱ɣȴиѸȱη޾񹥣
⣬Զأд˸Ȼв۽½֮С
ԶĵתԾɲϵԾɻڳٻ֮С
Фĺ֮ǰԤȻʵƫȺƣֺֹֻʮҲֹ
ҶЦüͷ壬Բߣεƣν֮ʱ潩֣ǲܼ취ôԼͬٶˣҪȫ
֮УֻФĺһܹƾΪӳ֡
⻹ΪԲϣ뿪£ǾһսԪģ¾ФĺȵԪ֣Ҳδ˵أ߿ڣ
Ʋߣ治ν
һ㣬ԲԣҪ룬һҪϿʵʩһʱϳȥԲԣҲδʵʩɹʵʩɹȴȺߣȴҲδԽսĵˣ
£Ҫʱ侺ٶ죡
ҶЦü˼˼ӦԷ
ʵԲҶЦ뵽ֻҪ˵ⷽȻδܹʱŤתƣٿ
ҶЦ۽ߵϰ֪νޣ֮ǰûۼֶߡȴڻԵɺ֮£֪ߵҪλã
۽ߵҪֻ˵ڣʵߴ磻ͷϵĽڡ
ֻҪɫڱն˲У
˿̣ȻпʤתƵķţȴֲ˵
һ˵ˣת˾ƣȴƱػ⵽ɡ
һոշˣô֪۽ߵأ
һһ鷳鷳飬ȫ޽˵أ
֪ȴܣѵ㾹Ǹոշģ
ѵǱоģ
Լܾܿͱɱˡ
ڴŶԣֻҪбɵĿܣǾȡе㱩¶⣬ΣɵĽΣֻҪɣ͸
ĴҶЦȻ᷸
ǲ˵Щ˾ȫҪˡ
һЩ˶ˣҶЦԼҲɡ
ҶЦԺڲͣڣ˼Ű취ûʲô취һؼܽԼ⣬ٲôעĿһ취ȫ鹦ڼ
˼ʣжĵ̽ͷǰһƬâɡmiaһУµϸëȫը
һ˫èۣ˲˹Բ
䰡ˣôô߰
Ҫһ
ôˣҶЦüŻеССèͷǲĵ㾹ҲẦ£㲻ǵһػẦЩϸ£
Է˷ۣצۺ룬仰ȫȻ֮š
漴ͻȻĶݺݵ£
ʲô
˸
ۣ
ЩߡϾȻۣ
ۣôǲҲһó
ţһֻצź룬Щò⣺ҪҪһԣ
ζΣһóأ
Ǻöడ
㹻һٵ˵
ˣһҲûԹٱǰĻᣬܷŹ̧צӳ˼ţԾۺӡ


20 ϲı
ˢˢˢ
Ͽգ֦ϵҲ̲סʼչճ乥
ԭǵضԿ﹥ƣڻҪϿնԵصĸ幥ƣʮӹɵΧ⵽ǰϾĿ飬˵Ȼ⣬æң᧿Σ
ФĺǼ״һȣмѾõʮ˼ʱ𣬽˸ڣסϿλáмʮܿأжϿֱӾߡ
Ϊ㣬չƵȺߣԤӲս֮ңɼһߣ
ҶЦ״ͷǽ˺ϹʮĵӣȺһٶʮ˲սȻΪֹûгôȥ
ҶЦ֪۽ߵҪλ֮⣬ϰ֪ȴΪޣ֮ФĺǻҪвȻ֪˿Σȴ벻취ˣϤߵڣ
ڴʱͻز𶯣עĿţȴһԾԾԵӣ֮ǰηըëɵһһУһѵ۽ϰһץ
ҶЦȻ۽˽ޣߴȴ֮ͬǣһ׼ȷסߴλãȻն˰أ˼ȴδڲͣŤȻҶЦץסߴҪȴǲܶ
漴ҶЦ߷˵ϡ
Фĺüһۣ𼸷ֲϲĵ˹ɶΪƴȻߡ㵱ɱҲͰˣȻ˰ߡ
˿̱սΣʵû˵ʲôֻܵûᡣ
ۼҶЦᣬҶЦкԼһֻԺŴݴ״̬β߹ȥצӽǰ߷˸
Ȼʮȥɣ˼ȴҲһŤ壬׺ݵתͷ
״ŭСߣ֮Ȼð˻⻹˵ã
ʱ͵Ŵͣҧ˹ȥ
߶ҧУһڽߵԴҧءꡱһȻѾͷҧϣꡱ֮һٽ֮£˲ʱѾͷ˶ȥ
ôҶЦһæȥ죺ж
˷ۣ죬èϣһƬɡ
и޸̣̫û˼޶۴㶼֪ж֪ܲˣҪ߶ܳôҪ±жͲñС߶ҧɶ˰Ȼˣģ
ţСߵζ
һ̣죬죬죡ͻȻֻС䶸Ȼһ⣬͵һ̣һ˫۾ͻȻ̽յһ
ҿ
桭̫ϲˣ
СߡȻò˵
ߣȻеСˣǡζͦóԡ
ټɨأಶ۽ߣһ˫С۾ԽԽ֪УһĲֳ徣ֹĳߡ
۽ߣ亱֮Ψд˵غɭֲд֡ʱ˳˵˵֮Фĺǡ
ۣܶ۽ԶԶƲ϶Ը˵ǲĻɫ
ľȴǰ֮λ
˵۽ǶˣжѾȣȻǵԪҲ⣬Ȼ䱾ֻޣúܣФĺһע⶯һ˵
ڵӶһɱߣһ˵
ÿһˣȻʲô֣ÿҲԪεʵһ֮һͷޣǲڻ¡Ҫ˵նɱֻһߡ
ФĺǵĻȻأȴӯһֹŵķΧ
ʱ˿̣ٶ˾ۼԷʮߣƽһҪӦҲֻǧѡ
ФĺǳǻԻսϢָأѵұһǰССֻôߣҲԸˣ
ڵФĺһϯ
ǰȺڣֻҪնɱǧͿˣǧΣȴֺգƽÿϰնֻ¶ֹĿɣ
һʱ䣬ƴʢ磬ƥһ㼱裬ȻȺİΧΧ˳ȥɡ
ۼƴãһ󻶺
ҶЦ״ȴüͷһ壬ĽӽФĺ󣬵˵Фϣ£ֻЩԾЩߣֻ²Ը
Фĺüͷһ壺˻
ҶЦ͵͵˵ҸղŹ۲˺þãʲŻֳߵǿȡЩߵȷʵΪ壬Ҷնɱֻ֮ҪС߶ͺãȻϵƬȴǼͷǳһζǿն磬ƣͣǿȴҲδܹӦߣö֮նıֻҲҪɲˣΪԵʣδⲻֵ


21 㡢ڣ
ФĺǾεϵβ֪ҶЦЩ⣬ֻǰΣԹ輺ʿΣգЩȻ˵˼ҶЦԣҶЦֻǿ⣬޽֮ǰһʲôð취ô
ҶЦղȷϣ߹ȻһͬҪߴλã㿰Ҫ㣬ȴֲߴ硣
ФĺĿ۽ڵҪ֮ȷߴ磡
ߴֻ䱻ƣȴɱ
Ȼǳ򣬶Դ˵֪ޣȴ֪һ㣬ٷһĳ㡣ֻҪץס㣬ɱʲôѴҶЦ۽ߣҲһ㣬ǰڣǡȷʲôطѡ
ǻ߿ü֣ڴߵȫһ£ܹҵҪڡ
ҶЦҲֻܽ˵޷˵øˡ
ФĺǺεˣ˴֪⣬˹ؼڡ
԰ֻ֪۽߾ޱȡҼΪԼ¶о˽⣬ֹߴҪѣǴ˵֮۽ߣȻҲо۽ȻΣգǿȴ޵úܣҪҳҪڣžΪѣǵҵҪڣնɱߵЧƱʮļ˲⣡
ФĺģתͷͷԸȥ
ԹЩߵλ磬βͣͷȵȡ
ԪƷӦȺ
⼫˸֮У۽߷׷ױնɱҶЦȴĿһߴٵФϣƺб仯ټӿٶȣֻʡ
ФĺǴ˿Ҳԡ
ӿ۽ߣȻչƵ۽ߴֳ˽ӽһ
ʼչƵЩߣÿһ಻ҲĽķڳһÿһ߰˽żгʮشϮ
ʵҲ֤߿ɲֻϵۼҲԣӵļͣҪһնΣҪϱ֮ǰɵ
һսѶȶڵһߵĵӸƣ᧿Σ
šꡱһԵĳһӣгݺݵնһ۽ϣ߷ʹļ˻˳ȥȴûûһΡ
Ϊϳصȴǿڳ
ӼӦѸ٣ԥ˺һӴȥϿλ
ȻˣʼǳССյ̶̵ֻһ˲֮䣬ҽȺѾ߰˸ӱ϶ҧУڷ
ФĺɫؿΧɱ۽ߣҶЦҲĿתעӣθϽ˷ߵҪڡ
ϧԸΥǼ۽ϸλǿȣȻڲԽնɱߣȴʼûͷϵĽڡ
һȻЩ۽֮䣬ԼĽڿⱣ
һ棬һɵӲһλÿк
ФĺͷѾ˺
֪ǵѾ˲٣ΪؼǣڿʼԱֻһ󣬴ҵѹԽԽء
ܼƣ£ȫû֮
Фĺļ״ٲάĴ˿̣ȻֻߵǸҶ˵ûȫ£ÿһطѾԹˣѵȫ֣ʲô۽ѵӵ֣۽ڣۻ֮ά裬ڶӣڡţ˵ϻʲôطûԹĻƺҲֻͷϵĽڰɡ
ФĺԵʱֻǰһæеͷϵĽڣڣҪ֮أ
ȣԪֶȻԾ𣬳˸ˢˢˢ
˲ʱ֮䣬ǰһ̻ڰݺȥҵʮ߽ڷ׷Уеģʹˤ
ĿͷϵĽڱ֮࣬ɫҺ壻һ䣬߾Ǽʱһغ΢鴤һµĶûУͼӰ
㣡
ڣ
˼һĻľĿһҲ۽߽ӲƴһߣⱬרԽ֣ɲǼ䣬ܵʬͶѻ˺һ㡣
ĿȥߺȣȻۿɼٶȳӡ
Ȼҵڣ˫֮ƵʱתһɺӣÿһҲԪ֣ʵͬݿ࣬ɨȺߡ
Фĺۼƶ޹˼ɣһХ֮࣬Ҫʬ
۽֮Һȴδȥǻ֮ݣ֮ǰսΣԼˣھȣȻҪִЩ֮ǣ
ЩߣǱ
żҶЦϹȥ


22 
ҶЦһФ࣬ȫ֣ʬС£ȥɡ
¶һҺϿҡæӣʵ΢֪ܽս£һ·⣬һζԿŴɱҲûгʵǹⲻȥʬֻҪС඾ͺãԾܹãΪҳ⡣
Фĺǳ˼Ƭ̣ĵ⻰ҲеԼڴ֣ܲ߿ûǲҪ߿бʳ֡
ңҶ˼ӧæίʵǸˣ֮ǰ׽֮ߣҲҪһԼҪٳһ֮УһԣʬֻҪС඾ûʲôΣա
ǵͷ˵ã¾ͽ㴦߶̴棬ǧСģˣǵòԶߣһҪǵͷߡ
ҶЦӦһ˳ȥ
һҪЩʬ

ó𣿡

𣿡

𣿡

ҶЦеʱ
ߵΧλãȥʱʼִ۽ߵʬ壬һȥһʬͱƷɳȥԶԶ׳ȫû˷ֵ֣ʱ۽ʬѾһʧ˾󲿷֣һƷɳȥЩŮɢƣʵʬȣûж١
ߵСèȻҡβ͸ȥ
ⲻ֪ȥǰÿߵһߣһѵʬϢؽĶӡҶЦ֣޷Ĵã˷֡
Ȼ˭õһֻƴСè䣬Ȼӵһͨǳ󺣵ľθ
Ҳĳϵ£ĵһĴθ
ҶЦֿżѸٵתһȦȻԭѾտյĵطֶѻһƬһƬȻȸղһƬҪʺĶˡ
ȻЩǣһҪɱЧʲҪ̫ߣ
Ǽʰ֮ǰҪݵʰ
Фĺʼ۽ҶЦҲǼӣҶЦСģ˶ʲôģԼʱԮֻǴ˿̣ȴֻһˡ
ҶȻԴҪã¿಻۲¶ġľְ𡭡
С
Σҡ䲻ԣ߳ȼ㣬ǣʱգձȻԳΪҺ֮ţ
ҶЦεջҲǼΪ㡣
ռѾѻ˲ʬ
ȻãҾն٣ն١ܹõĶ϶ƽĻɫǶƣ߲ܡ
ںȲʤȯʤ׷ʱ򣬿֮ͻȻ
Զĵ֪ʱѾʧˡ
ǣȺȴԸԵ̬궯š
ԶһƬ⣬ͬˮкأѶһƬ֮⣬ղۼ۽߹âֺֹһ
ֱͺ½ԡ
ޱɫ֮һ̽
Զ׼۽һڳˡ
ޱӳ֮£ɼһҫ۵Ľ⣬ƶѶͺǻʵ۳Ѳһ㣡
ȴȺߵףԣ
ˣФĺǻһ𣬸ոշµһģٶᵽɤۡ
Ǵ˵֮е۽ڳ𣿣
ղФĺǽ۽ߵʱ򣬹ʡһЩ鱨۽ȻֻΪޣһȴʵͣ۷뿹ѣܴʿ鱨
Լ˸ոճ۽ȷʵһûƷ׵۽֮⡭֮ĴִģѾļ޵鱨
ڵԼФĺľжϣԶոչһ۽ߣÿһдﵽƷĳ̶ȣ
ǾԶȺ߾Ե׵۽һʵܿѾﵽ˿ֲİƷ
Ʒ
һֶηƷף
٣ڴ˵صкģ
ѹ֣ǴߵڲЩ֮ҲˣֱˣأôһȻԣҲ֮飬ҪǲϽˣҪһᡭ
Ȼһƶˣˣ
BOSSȺĹ
ȻѾ֪۽ߵڣԾ޷дƣŴսһԽԽ࣬ϵķҽʾǰǰѾнӽʮˣ߿ڡ
и˱ҧһ֮󣬶ģ⣬ȴûԴУһĳ˳ȥǿгȺһɱ߿䣬Ȼ䶾գ֮󣬼ֻ֮䣬ǱһѰ׹ǣ
ٹһᣬ׹Ҳˣ׵Ļҷ˼޺ۡ


23 Ψնף
ȲпĿֲ˶̲סֽЩвˣɴ۵Ż
ɱڣҶѾƣˣȻɾӣÿ˵ﶼԼսֱۣѾʼն
Ⱥȴޱ޼ʣ
ȻѾҵ۽ߵڣҪɱʮߣȴǺεȵѣ
ȺȫȻһһնɱȫˣҲδն
Ѿһɵ
ŶһƬҫ۵⣬һ˸Ľ⣬ФĺϵıԵú֡
벻Һ޳ϷͷȴҪȺѭӦˬô
Фĺǵͳ̾ϢɫȴԽԽҡ
תͷҶЦ˵һһ壬ʹмλãǧҪһȥһ
Ѿİ취ˡ
һȺϱŹӣҲܹСӹȴעоˮ
ФĺҪְ취
ûа취֮еİ취
󲿷ֵӣȫҶЦһ
Ȼ۽ߵΣ֮ǰ滹мذսǰ滹δ
ФĺԾƸ۵ľ
ҶЦжȻһһȴоͷЩѣΡ
еĶԽԽŨ񣬾ȻȥһҶЦֵֿסĳ̶ȡ
ҶЦȻֻԪƷҶЦ񹦣³Ȼ򶾲֣ȴҲԶмǿĿã˿̵ĶȻҶЦҲҪеԼѣΣ䶾֮ǿ֪
ʵҲǣһѰ۽ߣȻֻƷ䶾壬ԶԪߣﲻϾۼʮ۽ߣа϶Ǵﵽ弶ϵĸ߽ޣ֮۽߾ۼһĶŨȣǷͬСɣԿ
ʵˡǻ߻һѡ񡣡ҶЦ˵
һѡ񣿡Фĺʵ
ǵģ֪ФûпȺҶЦ½ĥľ֮ʱԭϵȺȺ֮ڣȴҲ·Ⱥһޱ޼ʣϵش˷ХۣһգսȺǣһһҹʱ⣬Ⱥͷվۼ˰Ⱥս
Ⱥ⡭ФĺҲǳһ
һۣʵƽ֮գַǸߣÿһͷǿģҲһȭһƣȺ۱٣ǰͺ̵ӿɿʼ˷ܡƾ쵽ĺ޶־ľɴǱܵսȺǵıʵ̫ƿĻԪֻʱ
һͬʱħϣȫƾսԪһȫľͬӣ
λͬޣʵҪѷһȴڼ̵ʱڣɢȺ
ǻָ֮Ѷɣλͬ޸֪ʵܼ򵥣ֻǻɱȺǵȺսģ˳ɢȺǣ
ȺսȻ£ηǰͺ̣ȴҲѭҶЦĿз⣺ǾֻҪȷλãɱȺʱͻᶷıս
ʼղôȺͻһֱսȥݣԵʲôˣ˿ȴǾӣܵķơ
ûκ⡣
һۣίʵ̹ҶЦǰȻ죬ȴСͬرȺĶûгֵʱǵȺƾȴֲô۽߰ɡ
Ʋ⣬һǱȶܹȺҩֻǱܹջ۽ߵĳ£ǰһ֪ⷽȻΪ͸
ɣǵãֻǸǷѡʹǹûħΪ֪ɵˣǵûа㷴ӦοȺ
ԣܹȺ˷񹥻ǵģȻΪһ¡
оǣ֮ǰЩ߶Ϊս˵·ֻһֵӶʽȻ֮󣬵ʧȺģʽȴͻȻ쳣ҼΪЧ
һǣжһ֡߿з˻˻İҶЦԭ˻˻ֻ£ͺڷŭʱںĿҽкԼҲδ֪Լ˵ʲô
ڣ˻˻ȴ룬ڶȫһ£һɡĸо
жϣָܿӣָȺս
ָӣɱǵ˰ٱҲ¶ȺڣһһƣܷתƵ㡣
ҶЦ˵


24 
ФĺԭŵĿ⣬Ѿ𽥵ڵҶЦ˵ȥѾ²ҶЦ˵ʡ
۾ǣֻҪɱΣֽʱҶЦһ£˵
Фļ́ͷңű˷һ⣬ͻȻǰǿҵɱƺҲһ˲䣬
Ϸȥһ֮Фĺһ
ֻ·ͬСɣФ϶СġҶЦͷ
֮УίʵҲֻФĺǲ¡
˱ˣɱߣֻ
״ƹɵطҶЦ£ۣФĺǡ
ͷҪȥɱ
ФĺһȣŻԷΪȣСȺ͹Ϸȥȥ
˵꣬ФĺȻһɳ죬ڰ֮ʣͻȻ֣һ졣
ѤµҫĿ⻪˸֮УͬһתͺƱһΪ貵磬漴һը죡
һ˳ȥƼ쵽ݡ
˽һ֮
Ԫ֣

⼱תĦġ࣡죬Ȼֳһɼĺڶռ䣬Фĺ˲ʱѾȥʮɣһ·۽߼Ĳҽ𣬲ڶ
Ŀһ·ϽӴ۽ߣȫѤһ˷飬⡣
Ԫȫӵһ֮Ȼǹ޲ˣҡ
һݿһ㣬գۼѾȥƬĹâ֮ǰ
۽ʬ壬ǧ
ǱߵݿǷͬСɣˮͰֵ۽ɣȺ߼Фĺͬʱֱ巢
ФĺǼ״ȫãһȣһȻ£
ۡ
䴦Է߱ʱķѣʬ𣻴⣬ʮ߱һ֮ɣФĺǽ˲ʱһƬյء
ˣһֱյĽŲصϣȴǲɣǰͳ塣
Ŀֱָ֮꣬⣬һֻи첲ϸȴɫʵĽߣ

˶ƺͼͻȻ˻˻С
Χ۴߻һĳϵǰ˷չȫ޼ֹЪ޿յķ񹥻
һߣڰУͻȻһģһĶҺȴһ㼤˳漲ֱϮФĺǡ
ФĺǼ״һѰ۽ߵĶҺѾһеԪմߵƷԶѰ۽֮ϣĶҺȻҲƱظѰԼȻǵԪǿߣⶾҺУ㲻ҲҪԪģ˼ʱսΣθ׳ԣ
֮ࣻȴǶҺڵϣѻĺ֦͡죬ðó¶棬ҲɲǼֳһƬɫأԻڷڵ
ФĺСȶӶڳңⶾȻ˾ң
Ǹղһ⣬մ
ôһ˲䣬Ѿ߰ΧʱмҺŮɢһտ֮ǰФĺмǰֻ㡣
ȴԳڵҲˡ
ǶҺĸʴ֮ܣһڽֻ˲ܼԼ彣õʱֿȭֻиӣ
Խй˼ɣԽţĲ߼γһɽبФĺ֮䣬γΧ֮ƣΧ档
ɭ˿Фĺǣ˿⣬תһߡ
ФĺƾտΪϵľ飬Ȼʱݣ˵ҪȺ߰ΧȫףҪ˵ͻɽߣնɱûõ
һߴФĺһ߽п졣
뵽Щ۽ߡôʵȻôǿ
ԭΪѰ۽ߣʮһҲѵԼһЩߵλԶѰ֮ϣԼΪıһȥȻңͼӰҪ˵ԼѾϤ۽ߵĽ㣬ɱδضѣ
ӴŷʵԼǴྶͥ˳һȻսΪ֮⣬֮սΧȫȻԼԤ㣡
Щ۽ߣҲһ㣬ǲΪ壬һ۷ȴʵࡣԼ㾡ȫһľȻҲ֮ܽȫնϣֻնһ߶ѣ
ǹؼҪǣԼÿÿ׼ĳߵͷ֣Ǵ߾Ҫֵ֮⣬һԼ֣ʱ˱ܣһһԼ׷ԼǰԹѵڣû׷ĿܣԣҲŽҵһζѣǵһΣ⵽߿֮Σ
һܹȺɾ޴˺ٶʩչһ֮ФĺԶȣԼܹʩչεһܹǰɽݻ٣һ֮ôʩչģȻ㾡ȫʩչѾǼޣûܾɽ


25 
ФĺǾɱδӲõʱȻݣȥƱؽ״ԽԽֹۣ
ۼФĺԶסȴ޼ƿʩ
һФĺʵǿΨһ߸޴Ϊֻͽ̾κΣ
ʱҶЦĶԴڵֵʱˣϽİɣ
ƫƫͷġһ漴ӯµأݺݵһһһǰС
һɵӴ˿̻ߵȺΧʱںλõϷԪĵҲעԶФĺǵϣע⵽Ҷүľٶע⣬˵ƿڴĳ˳²࣬Ȼèϡ
ŵʮȻһˢһһ̡
һϸϸİߣ׾Թ϶ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣȺء
תۼ䣬Ѿȥʮ֮⡣
ȺܼĵطȻҲΣյڣһ£˲ʱѱȺΧʮͷ;ͬʱҧ
ͶС壬˵ʮͷͬʱһ۽ߣҲһ֮
мվţӲצƣԴȫİϮЩ۽ߣͻȻʪıǿݺݵĺһ
mia
ǰצ桰žڵϣгһߵèһӱùԲ
һĪƣȻȻȻȺ˳ȥ
һ֮ԭΧ֮ߵͬͻȻһ㣬⣬ȫ˺󣬺ӿǰЩȴƲҪļˣһһγ˺ܹìܣ
ȺɽѹһѹǰЩƴһԼһߣǿء
ǰЩվֻԱ⣬һġꡱ֮߶˲飡
ǣǰЩߣȻԼͷѾѹˣԾɲŲܣú߳ԾĶԭز
һ˫˫пУ˿ֻη壡
Ƕλͷβη壡
Ҫµη壡
˰βͣģŲŵǰߡ
֮е۽ֻһæóһ·
󣬵Ƿ˼εΪۣ
ʱ˿ֻ̣߹ӣֱмγһϸϸıֱͨ
һֻҲֻðƴССèͨмͥŲһнţ滺ţһ
ҿһĻû˿򣬶Ȼᾪһ°ͣ
ȻФĺǿĻǰԼӿٳҲšԼ֮ǰµġһֻͨļèĽۣǺεȵĴش
ǡЩЩֱ·۽ߣһӲλǱţȫûЩߣڶǰȻң
ֱǱľܣһҲԶ
̬ȣžɫǰҲδػĹɣ
״ⳬݾƮȻǰУҪСɵжСɵҪж
ȥ֮һ·ϵ۽ߣȷĳȥˣָſˣֻǣЩûٲһļ·ߵĲݴ֮Уһ·ȥֱӵӱ
ӱʲôܹ޻صն֮УһСϽ·ʲô
ȺĹ˷ɽХһ㣬ȻϾעССĽ䡣
ֻҶЦڶ߳ȥ֮עע⵽һ㡣
ȴҲΪӽǵĹϵ߱ȺڱΣδȫòֻ¾Ҫĳۿˣ
ĳ˹ԣµһĻ˼֤̾һκΣ
ҶЦжȻһæͨռԶϢڵŸ£
ԶԶģֻŭءmiaһ
ȻĳʲôɣҪҪǲɲΣ˭ĳأ
ԶĳСΧǸΧ֮ڵ۽˲ʱ߷
ȻǺܷŭһɤӣȺֱŻˣòƻвֱˡ
Щ۽ߣҲҪһ룡ҶЦٺ޳ܵĲһ
mia
ͷķŭȻѾȥ˼㡣
ҿŬɻںɣȻҪһ룡
һҪõЩĽʲô°
ûеˣ
Ŭ˸ƨͶû߸ҸƴҶЦĳķŭ֮ԱǣǵԼкóԵģȳԣУǰһҸˣҪһ룬ǵһ룡
ʱŭٴ˳ȥ
⡭ʵ̫۸ˣ
۸ôǻ쵰ǱˣǲĹϵ۸Ҳ۸ˣˣ


26 Ȼɱ֮
ҶЦйŭעûпܣҲΨнŭйǰЩϣҪûǣҲûб˲ǣھȻҵס˵·֪ܲô
˹ǿҵŭ˲ʱףʱСߵͱŵ̱ڵϣһһֱԶȻǲȴֲǲܶҶǱŵ˽ڣǲҶӲܶ
ФĺһأԷɱҪŤתƣϧ߼ĴزסЩ߾λ׶ۣҲ߼ˮ׼Ԫεʵ
һǾԴﲻԪ߽ˮ׼֡
һֲķȴίʵη
Ҫ쳣ֲĶսҪϷأФĺǴÿνǳ
һʱ䣬ֵĴ粽С
£ԪǿߣȻҲûз֣һССİӰԼ಻Զڴ߰Χ֮⣬ҡڵƮȻ

ФĺʼսֱӲߣսΧı仯УŴţȻ֣֪ΪʲôԼɽĻͻȻһһס
֮ʱФĺǶ仯ţΪȺԤʲôУΧ޲𹥻ʲôģĵСĽ䱸ٹƬ̣ȷɽȷʵǹ
˼ǣЩսȻʼԵľ񲻼С
ФĺǴ档
սа
ǾȻ˲ԪƷĸַУ
Ҳ̫˰ɣţźˣǾܷİɣϷԳ϶Ūǽɫⳡûϣս
ȴӵĹ졣
ս֮еߣһ̻ڸߺսһ̱㼴˻˻һ漴ˢһ˺Ȼһͷ˻˻˻һ
Ȼ󡭡
ˢ
߶תͷһƴļƣ뿪ս
Σͺǡһŵβͻˡ
Ȼ߿϶ܼβߣй˵ֻĸо
ФĺǶһָоһȺСåϴ̣ĸأȴ֪ˣԼڶԸĳˣվԼϴϴϴϴ󡭡ǸߴϵĴڣҪŪԼҲǻӻ֣ƲƲ죬һ飡
ţϴ󶼳ˣԼϽܹסһСǾең־ֻ
ФĺٶһյʱǰѾȻߡ
ȻһȻզ£
ͷʱֻ糱ˮһеͼ۽Ҳ䳱һˣˢˢˢ
һƴҲƵ̬ԶӴܡ
һΣȻһӾͽˡ
ùĪ÷˼쳣ЦЦ
ţ԰һвǸвȥ۱㲻¡
һˣתͷȥֻԶһ⣬˼ҲѾˡ
ˣ
ѵ˵ˣ
Ǿ˵ˣ
ⳡجһսۣˣ
Фĺͷˮ
һߣԾϣ޶࣬ȺսĺӣͻȻоһѹûˡ
Ⱥ˾ѹǲǼأ
УֻѪȣҹ
ߣ߶ûʣ¡
һ˴սսᣬʮӻ˻ΣһƨڵϣҲվ
Ѿþȫܷս񣬲ֻƾһɾ֧֣˿̣ΣչȥȻһɣʹȥһҲ붯ˡ
һСָͷҲٶһ¡
Ȼ˴սᣬʵ̫Ī˼ԴԾھɲĴȻ֪׷ʲô¡
Ⱥ棬һѩ׵СȻڻصҶЦ
Ȼ󣬴һĲԸԴİؽɫݸҶЦèоһƬģһֻèĶҪǡǼֱˡ
ҶЦԴ˺Ӻһѽǽɫİ뵽޾ռ֮У治ɫȫޱڶͷһ£ʲôͳͳҽ
Թ֮
ɶģզ֪˻˽㶼õĲˣôͲܸ߸֣һôô̯Сһ㲻ȵ󣡣
ûκһ죬¶е⡣
ЩŽռȥҶЦЦڶʪС󣺡ƤӲҲ̣ҪƤźó԰ɣܺóô
һ⻰ǺеΣæ굽ҶЦУ漴ϢĽ޾ռ䡣
˽صʮ˳
ҶЦͶȻȻɳ޾ռ䣬Ȼפ޾ռ֮УҪ룬ҶЦΪý飬ֽĶȴ룬һ
ĻϲڴҶЦƤٳԣռ֮жѻɽʬĿĹˣоһɿǰҸζȻ
ôóԵģ
㹻һٵˣ



27 ʳ
ֻ뼰֮Щ߰Ƥ£ͷۣڿ
ɴ˿ɼһ˻ͦģ˸͡
԰Լ԰ԼƤ⣬Ժ˱ģͬİæԼֻųԾͺá
ԣи˻ǲģ
ǡʲôóԵĺģһˡ
õĲ֣ʶ
ֻҪڵ
ߺߣˣ֪ʵǱڵҪúܶĶڵ⡭һ㶼ϣҲòϣ
ȺͻȻȥˡ
һۣͻأȥĸ⡣
ȻᣬȴַǱīԾ
˶һجէѵ΢о
ôһ£
Ⱥôأ
Ѿסˣһʱ֮䣬߾͵ȫôͲأ
ûȫû
УԾǹԵδɢĶЩЩԪ˵Ѿʲô
ֻǶڵ֣ԾɸеԵãȻȻ֪Ƿʲô飿
Ȼ֪ȶʵȴԾɲֿ
֮˼ίʵĪ⣬ǴѲȥģ
ʱпץʰʰȥȫ뿪ֵؽ硣ФĺǴкʱпٴξ
ڵԴ󾪣Ų·һ
ȻȺ֮ѾȻȹһΣ֣۽ߵĿ־
˵ЩЩߣƤ˼ܹ֮ͣȥףǷҶЦʵѵҪδ̫˰ɣ
ǰΣδʱȣ˵ˡ˵۽߸֮أǿʬٶ۽߱Ѱ·ãеã԰ȫΪȣȷ°ɡФĺǿʬҲʵЩʹ
Щʬνϳ˲ϣѵѼͶίʵ̫ϧ˰
ҪǶһЩҶЦգۣȺͽʬӵתǵעȺղ׬ˣôкô
˵ҲôɡФĺǵͷÿռָȡϴʬٶһҪ죡·
ȺѸǰȡʬ
Фĺ಻ߵʬ壬漴˿
һۣѹķФĺĪҪսָ֡ڵսҪĻҶЦȫθһ֮ƴɽȻǵԪǿߣǴԪһ۽Σٶӳһʱ䣬λԪǿҲѾˣֱ˿̣϶һ
ҶЦߴţֲ
زգФĺǱʾ졣
ҶЦһЦûռָȴ˵еͲҪˣ˾ͺã룬Ժ󴳵ֵҲһݱıǮ
ڵͼλԣռָ£ίʵ˵е£ФĺǶԴ˿Ϊ죬Ϊ仰ФĺǿãԸп塢رǺúӡ
ҶЦЦţһҺӡ
ȻɳЩ£Һر㶼Ϲϵ
治ʲôر¸޾ռ֮УѾӽȥ˰ʮġ͵ġ
һƤڶҵĿռһҪЩʲô
Ϊر⣬УʲôֵȡǴȵķ
ģܹƽţЩƤףȻһݣФĺ֣سŵ
һʬХŴֶȥ·
ҶЦǰУ춯춯ȴǶװ׵Сһ֮ʣ뿪ҶЦֱɱߵĳء
ǿɶζܲĿҲû̫ȻԶഢһ㣬ȻܵĶഢ
һҲûһĹҶЦоռòž˱꣬Щɱ۽ߣڿռѸٵĶһСɽ
Ȼڴʳ
ҶЦһӵĺߡ
̰Ĳ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣôŴڣݲô
ȻžԾɾþòϡ
ҶЦƣòʬȻΪ٣Ҳôɣʲô
ʶ̽ռһʹȥ
ߣȻǻġ
лĴ֣ǽڽɫλƷ޵־۽ߣ
Ҳ֪ôģȻ֮ĻߣҲȫ޾ռ䣡
Ҫﰡ۽ȫȫ޾ռ䣿
ȫˣһ֣
Ҳٺһ㣿
ȻˣЩҶЦĿǷ֮ڣҶЦеɻǣôСС壬ǸոճСһôסЩѾ߱˲ʵĴߵģ
ȻҶЦҲ֪ΪԤϣͳΪ֮ʱŪ漣ͿɼһߣһòƻЩ̫ˣ


28 ٴϮ
Ҫ֪ҶЦ޾ռȻԣһһôĻֱûһ㣡βҶЦ𾪣
һ̣ҲϢĽ˿ռ䡣
֮ǰҶЦⷢ˶ӵɽ޾ռ֪֮ԭί
޾ռİߣҪȥֱ޵ɣһ㣬ҶЦԼҪȥ硣
Ϊֵʱеǵռ䷴޴ӽӴֻͨҶЦܳռ䣬Ž֮ʱҶЦȡõ֣򣬶æҲ޷ÿռ䣬ֹֽѾȡǵɽռ䣬ԽĳЩߡռ䣡
Ȼ޾ռȨҶǴٷǿйرտռ䡢ٲԶŵĻҲֻתȦķݶˡ
ڣҶЦѾ˹رտռĪ嶯߽ʳô߽ʲôߣǲǾҪˣ
ȻҶЦԹ㲻Ϊֻ˼߽ȥ֮ԼҲռ䣬ʼΧȺת
ôһѵĻڵſɪɪȻ˿Ҳǲҡ
תתȥлеļʮŶָʾֱССС
ȻЩߵһѵ
òֺ
ҶЦ򿴵Ŀɿڴ
˸ȥҲԣ
ֹֻһᣬƺùˣӻצӣȺԼȥϢȻֹ⾰ЩĻŴۣĽƣͷȡȥľռ䡣
ʶ̾פ
ҶЦ֮С쵰ﵱʲôطˣôȻ˳ҲҪô
ῴ⼸òƵҲͦɵģҶЦҲû˵ʲôл룺˵ʲôʱ򡭡Щ߻ܳȥսأˣȻܹ޾ռ䣬ôɲбҪ̽һ£
УͷУʱԵ۽߾򣬲һ·߹ȫȻûм۽ǰȹһ㷲ʱ֮˶
Щˣ̲סЩմմϲ
Ϊÿ˵Ŀռָ棬װ˺ö۽ߵʬ塣
ȻФĺÿֻװ˺ûɫǰǲȡǱƽ״᣿
ǿǷľƺöֻҪƳһ״ϣһ£ǵǹ밡
ФȻô޶û˼ҶȺʰ߽ռָôֻݹٷŻյƣ۶ôһҲɣ
мڴˣÿ˶ȡʬ壬ôʵʦĺӣȡʬˣ
Ȼ˲ͬ飬ȴԵȡޣҲǴѲøˡ
۽ߣǰҲֻ˵ѣɱ۽ߣҲǸȡ䶾Һѣ򲻸öƤΪһȡʬƱػ۽ı
ڣԼһӵô࣬ȴûм۽׷ɱ
βǴѲк󸣣
ͬͬһβ緢
ۿţ֣Ѿһ룬ûκ쳣۽߾Ҳȫ޶ƺǾһ۽֮ĸѾǷˣֻ˵ˡ
Ȼȫûκεһж
Ѿ鲻ַࡣ
Фĺǣ춼ûгκα֮һֱŵ񾭣ҲЩɡ
ֻ֮࣬ФĺȴȻоԼ̫ѨЩʹеϮ
Фĺ֪ԼʱﾫĹȵı֣ԼԾǿţԼպн൱̶ȵӰ죬ǰ̬ƿνƽȣòûҪһζţʱϢŻٶȣָ
ǰĵؽǺֵ֮һƽĵش
εشĳЩյǰôïܡ
ϡǴ£ƾ˼֡ɽ֡¡
˶ЦﵹһʿұòƲ
˵ĲԺûɶˣҸĵطһʱǲġһ˵
ǰһƬСɽ£ڱĵطۣǧĿΨкɵĺ֮УȴԵµ˼㡣
Ϣ֮࣬Ⱥľ¶²Ⱥӵɽȥ
ԪФĺǴ˿Ҳ¶һ˿ΥЦ⡣
Ȼʱ
٣
ͻȻ䣬ǰɽһƬڣȻ˼ڣʮ˻һӶԾƬУٶȱ˺ɫ
ȻǱȺҹҪڵĺɫ
ʮˣͬʱǵصĺǣ
Ȼڱա
ԴĺɫӰ


29 ɱУ
ǰߵļˣΪҸֲȫûüκηӦѾ˴⬣¾Ĵ⬡
ңһֱԲǷͻȻҸɡ
Ϯ
ФĺǼ״ѣһϺʾͬʱѽҶЦƵڵأȻԾȻѾ˳ȥγһĹӭյĺǣ
ϧʼǳһ
ҽϵ
˸УȫĺӲţţҽţ˵ϡ
ЩӵصͻȻðĺˣ˶Ǻ棬ֻ¶һ˫۾Եøɭֲ䣬
ڵһ֮󣬺ԥĽžǵڶȻ󣬾ǲ鿴ֽһ֮࣬ɢߣ
Ϥ֣
һ֮Զǧ
ߣФĺѣһըѾͲһչһ׷˹ȥ
ɶԷôߣαϮǳ׶ˣЩˡ˵ĵҲͰˣļǹФĺοϽܣȻǻӽ׷
ФĺǵԤУԷв߻֯ԣһֹ֮࣬ʱߣ˵ϵлȣԼ磬ʼɺܹɹ׷ˣްաԽĿ˾ԼǼϡ
ȻԷķӦٶȳФĺǵԤ㣬ֻһͻȻס֮ƣȻһͻȻ׹䣬أԼɵԣФĺǵĽ⡣

һȻ죬ƺһ˳ƮɣȴһѪأǺЦҹɽФĺǣȻ鴫
ФĺǵǶȻһȻƴռţûˣһ裬ҲѾƣûл׷ԷԷλñȽϿǼˣһ֣Ҳˡ
ФĺǴŭʲôҹѵһĶԼôô˵һ𣿣
ЦһαҪ˵ʲôѹͲˣʲô벻ң
ФĺǲȻŭֵľͳϷ򿴿µǲˣ
Լ½ŵӻȥܹовߴ֮Уȥţ
һȻ˵ԼˣֱФĺ۾
˺ٺЦҸҪģΪ˭б£Լýã찡ҹ
ͻȻһһźȻɢФĺҪȥ֮ȴͻȻƵϸС룡
˷ҷ裬ȥ·
ФĺǴ䲻˳һ뾡ɵӰ٣һܹ˺Ǻ֮ĺȴѾʧӰ
ɽϣֻº˵ĺ˵ʬ塣
ִֿȥ߰ʮ֮
ФĺǷۿȥֻоŭߣҪʲôβһսֻҪɱңǻʲôʲô֮󣬶Ÿ֣αҪֶΣ
ԶԶ˳ȥ
Ⱥɽ֣ϻ죻ȴκ˻Ӧ
ɽХǷɽ̽ȴƽɪĸо
оôФĺǲκϣĿڲ鿴ߵĵӡ
¡ڵǷŭˡ
ЩԪƷΪİӡжŭ˵˵Ȼ˺ݶΪɵӣȻóĵֶΣ̫޳ˣ
Фĺ鿴һӵƣһʱ䲻ɵĬĬ
˵嶼ܴˣܹڰϼӸ˹ǿĳ׿֣д㶾
ȻԷѹûдԼڶһ˿һĻ·
Ȼݶ˹
ߴţ֦ͬɣΪֵܡФĺͻȻЦ仰ȴǺεȵķ̣
ҶЦվǰѾȫ
ǰһƬѪصһĿֲҲû
ԭǰʮӣȻҲα
ǰһƬѪǽ壬ҶЦĿɭɫ䡣
ڣǳš
ǵ񣬽ֶһʣ
ЩˣǺˣҲҵĳ֮һЩ˱ϾΪҶ
ҲɱʣȴҶ
ߣФĺһϺȣұ߿޿䣬ʲôӣˣ񣡽񳯳ձҲˡ
һߣһһɣһˣɱȫңФĺ쳤Хţ֪˭ǿǧĪҪ֮һ˻صȥһ˵ù飬ǶʵĿʼ
̣
ȫٸ·
Фĺһȡ
ʱҶЦֻоͷƤһ飬ĳĸоģºëֱҲľһ͵ȥ
ಡ
һƺǿԽʱռļ⣬ͻȻ
ҶЦ


30 ɱ뱻ɱ
һͻļٺڹ⣬ƺҹȫڰϢ޺
Ǳɱһ
ҶЦҿǰһ̸о˲ձ˵ڵأڷ֮㣬ֻñɵĽֶѣ
һڹ⣬ͷƤݡһ˹ȥ
һ漲İǴһʼ׼ҶЦȻּһɱ
ͬʱһ죬ФĺǱŭ״س˳ȥͬƷ籩ɲǼɱ˴֣漴һĺ춯
УһܼƹƹҼսƬ̺һҽ֮࣬عš
Фĺǻɱһͷмͷ͵˵ϡ
ǿͷ죬¶һŻž塢ݡ
ⲻڵ𣡡ߺĽʶרնɱж֮˵ɱ֣׷Ӱû벻춯ֵģȻ֮ˣ
Фĺɫģʶͺã㽫ͷгһգ֤ݣɥĲΥԼɱ֣ˣҪ
˶٣ȳЩˣԣǹɢ䣬ǳŵˣȴڣһΣ֣һֵɣ
ĵȴʵһ亹
ԷİɱĻۣǰĽɱƾˣֻ˶Ŀɱ֣
רҶĿ֣ɱ
һΪԼ࣬沫ɱ϶ϲԼֻ֣̣˵һΪҲԪ۷壬ֻһԪΣרһɱɱ֮
ղһս־ڱصõİ֮ȴⱻԷһոշܿȥ´ʧԤ㣬ʧأԼδܹץסһ˲Ļᣬ
ӦԿһ㣬һУԶǧĹԣ֮УԼҪɱһӶٵɱ֣ûпõ
ȻԲԼĶ֣ҪԼȴδضѵ飡
ҶЦӹһ٣¶亹͸ˣ
̫ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
һͷƤһͷȻץ׷һȻûԼȴǽһͷͷƤնˣֻԼĶҲݼʱնϵͷԼͷ϶ѡ
һǿɫĶ̽ɫɵҲ֪˾綾
һĲԼϣҲ˵Σǿڶ̽Ļ͹ԼһģԷԪ۷֣ԼĿǰС壬ܽô
ҶЦ޺޵ҧסһ󷢺ݣڣ
Цүļסˣ
ǵЦүҵģ
һФĺǵ£ҹ·ҹ̣һּޱܵķʽȥǧ
һ·ϣȺνɱФĺǿνǷ˺ݣ߲Ÿո¶棬Ͷ˵ƴһĳ彫ȥȫֵɱ¾
һ·ս·ФĺǹȫԾֽʧʮӣεĵҲûռʲôˣͬ˼ʮʬ塣
ȵҪ߳ȥֵʱ򣬵ƺٴʧˡ
֣߳ǰͺͺɽԼԶĴ̵ʱ⾡һɻػغ쳾о
һˣȴФĺǡҶЦ֮ĺӺϹʮˣֵ߳ģֻһʮˣ
ǰǰһپʮˣǺ֣
ʮˣǣµһʮˣǱϮɱɱɱ
һ·Фĺǵʼš
޴ʧڵߴеĺԣڽɱЦ֮⼸صһΣ
ǰиСӣȻûпջȴиƹݡФĺָǰ棬ȥˣӱ֪ͨһ£ȻһʮҪԷǶ׼һ³ʳ
һСӵСƹݣж棿
ǲ֪ͨ׼óóȻҲ׼һٶ˵ĳʳ
ԣɱǰȥ֮ʣµˣȴЩ٣ǰУʱ䣬ڵطȷԡ
Щļһ֪Ȥúܣ½ʱ·ϣҲܱȥ֮ɰͰ͵һſҪáФĺǾȻЦЦ˵ǲǣ
ҶЦ֮ҲЦˡ
ձһ
·εƣ룬εļʣ㻹ٱȸǿ
ȻΪ˶࣬ﵽͷʱȴӵӶûϣ˸ӵơ
һ̶̵ʮ·Щ˵ĽȫټۣյĹҲˣȴһʱ
ôʱ䣬ҲӦˣƫƫߵġ
Ĺнٶȣߵ˶̲ס塣
ƺˣոĽɱոȥֵܡ
ۿԼ۵ʱȼյĺ⣬ڱǲûֻǲ𣬲Ըἰ


31 Ƭ
һٶ˽СʱΧ۵˶ûС
żһСԼҴſں¶ͷһ̣ͱһ˺ݺݵ˽ȥ漴ع˴ţֻѹڽѵС㲻ҲҪǷЩ˿ȫǡ
ФĺǼ״̾˿ȴֲ֪ʱ˿̸ζ
ֻϢǸƾɵСƹݡ
ҶЦھǻ˼ҵʱ򣬸ղǺʲŵ˲ʱģСǴһ˫¶ŽֺͷЬӰɣɵȻ
һƬҶŹ˽ȥ
˫ЬӴɡҶЦ˵
ҶЦֻ˱ļƬҶӣ˶ѡ
ҶЦĿռν࣬Ȼ֧һһصҲ´࣬Ȼ˼ȴҶ˼ңǼƬҶӣѾ̫ˣǼƬҶӶҶЦһ߻߲ʲôƶ˼ңѾ㹻Ǽöȣ˵Ѿһҵĳܼޣٸĸ࣬תͷͻɱ֮
Ժ棬һֵ̿ллĸ׵ĻӦ
벻СӻһȱĳϷΪ½֮ˣľž֮ǴʧԤ㡣Фĺǵ
һʱĴ飬Сʱ򣬾ǸһһйİĸףûеġҶЦĬ˰Σ˵
Фĺ̾˿ļû˵
óҶЦĻǷԷθģȫ޻٣
ȻҶЦ鷽棬ίʵǸСûĸ׹ذֻһҶЦѾúܳˣ
ижԴģϣ
СƹݹȻûôĳʳ׼Һ֪ͨ磬Ѿȥˡ
ȻСƹһܹó㹻ô˵ĳʳֱӲʣɣ
Ϊ˴Щ֪ٻǲ֮ͣСǰ߰˻˼ңŴչ˾ŸͬƹﱾеļһٶȫһԵȲ衣
ȻƹԼ̨ˮԶԶˮ£ôͬ弸æһҲˣƹݵ̨Ҫ
оǣСƹݵλ϶ûٵġ
ԣеһ֮⣬˸ɴ඼ϯضǷ¶ޣҹ̣пȷڴܣûʲôȴǲֵһġ
ҶЦעһ£һʮˣмһԼФĺǣʮ֮⡣
ˣֳʮڲͬλϡ
ԼһΪԭ㣬ɢȥ״Դ˼ӣ־ӶФĺǵĴÿפһ
һ㣬ȴڲͬķλϯضÿ˱˴֮ľ룬ǲ಻ٵɡ
ǹ
Ͱ
Ź
ǵģ󷨲裬һ壬ԼФĺڵλãȴλá˵ФĺԼķλڣ󷨵ͳһۡ
λϣ۽ν©κһλ˺ͶФĺǶڵһʱ俴˿ܲ顣
һʱ˵СĽȻѾȥ൱ĵز
һʼ˺Ų裬໥̸֮ʲôżйŪЦģ˵ԽԽͣҵ󶼲˵ˡ
ЩˣԼλϾþѲ
ͷ룬̵Ĳˮһȴ֪ѵν˲ˮһͬȽ˶
ʱǱߵġ
ڣǸȴѾԶˣ˼֮ڡ
ҲʲôҲ˵ʲôֻܽеıʹͷŭϤ̽Լ
ԽԽѹ֡
ֻգѹ˷
ƹƹĺСѾԼƽһ㣬ˮˮв˵вˣ׼ʳ׼ʳ
Զ߻棬ȫˮƣˣ⣬ʳ
еĺӶоعԶȴûκһ˵
ˣҶѾܶˡ
˵ЯĿԹˣֻФĺǳһ䡰ǰиСӣȻûпջȴиƹݣ׼һ˵ĳʳΪҲûԸԼ׼ĸ伢ˣȺķˣ˭Ըٿи
ڿ֮ǰ˶оԼֱܳһͷţȻһҪһ٣ڣȼǰȴֻоɤƺʲôסˣȻһ㼢˼ûˡ
ԭֻΪôֵܡҲҪԷˡ
һ뵽㣬ȴﻹԵȥ
һζţصţؿš
˵ζʼ
һ̳һ̳¾ƣ˼ҲѾ򿪣ŵ˾Աߡ
һһ̵ţ⣬ȶ
Ʈ㣬ʤ
Фĺǳ̾һȶһƣڵϣǣȥԹѪծѪ
ǻֻǷǵģ
ؾ룬ۿͨ죬Ǵһ
Ϲһʮһƣڵϡ
Ũ˿ǰɾ㣬ƺܹ»Ȫ


32 
ԷФĺһȱ۾Ĭһ£ŷһ
Էڵһӡ
ˣȴڵͷ˲䣬еһĵν룻ȻֺȥȻֵϣٿƲסĵνȥٺȵ
ʱ˿̣û̧ͷΪ±˿
Ҳû˷Ϊ̫ƻա
ֻǣζգȴȵ޳Ҫܵöࡣ
ĬУֻ׽ʳ

ʱƻƼľʻ
ѾƾˣңƺѾһߣʻúܲƽȣӣҲǱʲôһ룬ꡣ
ϣЩԵĺɫѪ
Զ׼϶˺ܶ飬ʹ顣
ߵ˲ԶĵطƥĽͻȻһ˻ǰ㶸Ȼڵأ֮Ȼ£һԼһֻ֮ļС
һߣ㵹ĳзɫɷףؿλº죬ȻµѪҺ
֮УȴǴӿҲȳѪڵϣ
ţһŮ״شӳҵغ߲߲
Ůۼ˿ڱѣãȻ޴룬ֻһ˫֣ͽ͵ؿڵ˿ڣѪԾɴƷðȫ޷ơ
Ů״֮ͻȻ˭ȾҸ߲ǣ˭ܾȾҸ߲ѽء
ľ֮£Ȼʧʹޣ£Ž׵һµΡ
мһĻ˾̾ʲôһҿˡ
ФĺĮתͷһۣͻعͷרĵĳԲˡ
ءҪޡɫĲҰףǺţһѪһ߰һֻ֣Ĳˣ㡭ԺҪúõġ
߲㲻µġŮɴ߻дޡ
治λ߲Ȼ̾ϢءԺֻһˡô졭
ŮֻǴޡ
ܵʲôʱһҪǵ߲һ仰һ仰ѾǿءǧҪǵãܵκʱ򡭡Ҫ󡭡ˣ
Ůҭţͷţƺʱʹȥ
ŵƳŮ
ľ˼ֱ̲סΪ֮ͬޡ
ܶຮĵӣԼոȥֵܣ̲֮סۿֺˡ
ФĺǵȴǶȻһ£Ҳֳ㯡
κʱ򣬶Ҫˣ
仰һͻ磬˲ʱШͷ
ءФĺǳ̾Ϣһе͵͵૵
ͻȻתͷȫעضŮ
Ů˼״֮ʱһʻԲ᣻Фĺ˿ŮĲ
ŮӴФĺͻȻ紥һĶȻһ
㳤𣬼˹ȥ
ȻһֱߵŮ󣬵أ
и˼ֲɿܵζ
ҶЦ״ЩƣֲؿФĺǣУФĺǾԲһ˵ˣ
ФĺǸղŵĮһۣȫȻ᲻ŲʵػعͷרĳԷӦ֮⣬ôἤˣ
ҲҪ˵һһʱôɣô죬оֹϷһ㣬˲ʵĸоȻһҲɵľ͹ȥˣ
ʲô
ŮԳҭţΪİ˵óȻʶЩҵĵͷһһػĵӡ
һ˿شͷϴ£סףԵó޿
ФĺǼ״̾˿ʵ֣𣿡
Ȼºࡣ
ˣŮڵ͵͵ĴӦһǡ
Ծɲ̧ͷԾǾ⡣
̧ͷϸ㡣ФĺȻغ˵ҿ԰㡣
һƹп߶ҶЦֱеɵˣФĺôФĺǾȻԳ֮ˣֵº֮ͣʱͰļֹ֮ģǸŮȫȻģϣ⡭ʲô
ĿһУȻһ˿ϲ˵أء㡭졭ллλˡܡ
һѪȻӿһǺȣȻ˵ԽԽǿԣԽԽãֱӾǴһҵĿУһ˻˹ȥ
߲Ů״һ˹ȥޣ߲㲻ҪҪһˡغú¡
߲ϣһ˶ûˡء㲻Ҫ뿪ҡһĻһˡ
Ů޵ðҲҪιȥˡ
һ˶ûˣ㲻Ҫ뿪ҡһĻһˡ仰ʱФĺǵϣȻֳһ˿ͳ鴤


33 ߣ
Фĺ漴º͵ĵһʱˣôءأҿ㡣
гءֵʱȻЩ
ŮͻȻͷǰһ˫ֽرסȣŽе㣬㣬ȾҸ߲ɡˡҲò㡭
ФĺһۿŮݡ
һ̣۲ŵĶȻɴˣ֮һƬ㯣ķҲֹ
ŮݣһԶ磬ʹĵط
һ̣ФĺͻȻоԼѪʹ飬Ī״
ͻȻӿᣬ૵ءúӡôô
ſ֣ȻҪȥһŮ
Ȼʱ΢ʱŮԭԺУͻȻ¶Ũصɱ⣬֮ڱФĺǵȵУԴФĺǵСȶǡ
λŸոաԡȥġ߲ҲһȻ֣Ծ׳֮ƣФĺǵǰأ
ŮһͦƺͻȻըѣ⣬ͬʱһФĺǵ˫ۣһʺһؿڣ
ͬʱŮһһͷһͷ㷢Ȼڹ⣬ͷФĺǣ
Фĺƺ㯣Գĳ֮Уȴܵʶ˫һգȻץסߴĳ͵һƺһ˲۶Ҳƣ
һϤϷ˹ȥδκ˺
ȴҲ㲻ȥһԷ룬ڵķӦġ
ۣ©ظϣϡ
ФĺǴһһʱѽȫ۶ϣһ֣šסӾ˹Ϊܣȵóҩ
ϵˣⲻǰ룬ȻȶܣĿƣȴҲΪ㣬˼Ƥ⣬˺ǣ˿ڴĸоʹȴζţ۶̵룬о綾
ФĺǵտΪϵ飬ȻʱͷԪ֮˿ڣѹȴԾɸооɼⶾǺεȵİԵԪ֣Ҳȫѹơ
ˣФĺԼ̵һ˲лὫŮһסһɱȴҲ֪ΪΣ˺ŮʼûгַֻǸˡ
Уأʹ
߱һס˲ӣ죬ȴЦ˵ҪҩúˣֻҪܸϡ
˵ԴһᣬоڵѪҺ֮ѪȻѾ֪ңʱҧƿжң
ֻȻˣԾضФĺǣĿ⡣
ΪȻˣȴܹһԪһ
ФĺǣҲעɵˣ
кӾȱʣʧɫ׷Χ
ֽŮΧм䣬ɱ
ҩᶼѾҪ÷ˣФĺǵϣѾֳĺ˭óûнҩȣФĺǾԳŲ˶ã
ФĺĹˣµһʮˣ˭ҲŻȥ
ŮվڵأڴڵĴͻȻ俩һЦĵɱңҲûнҩģ¸ǣⶾǾžڤɣԾȵģһԣ
Եʱɫұ䣡
ⶾûнҩģŮЦţҽռȻûŻȥôһλԪΪᣬһͦ˵ġ
ЦţȻȴı
ܻţ˭
Ҳ֪ԼҲǲܲģ˭Ҳܹ˵˺֮󣬻ܻţοԼֻһССԪɱ֡
յ񣬱ǱʧֹȻҪǵˣͬҪ
ɱ㣡ᣬһ𣬳Ѿ֣Ҫȥ
ŮԽ۾һգվŲ̹Ȼ¾
ס֣һȴФĺ͵վһ𣺡Ҫɱ
ʦޣΪʲô
ФĺĺŨȻŮУȴ˿⣬ֻһеİζǰ˼ϣأԻŮݺݲϵѶ̵ÿһѪ֮罦һ
δһǰС
һߵŮǰЩ̰Ůףƺȷʲôκŵ߰ɡԺ󡭡ĪҪˡ
˵գԻһ£ȡһöռָݸŮ棬ӦоСȥȵĹ㹻һʹõˡ
Фĺ˵ⷬȻر˱ۣ̾˿߰ɡ
Ůסˡ


34 ǵʦ
û뵽Լ˱ɵֶΣһƢõǿߣǿע޾ȵΣ֮УǿߣôԴԼ
ɱԼĥԼԼһԺȲĲƷ
ΪʲôŮ㯵ʵ
ڣУǺ档
ֹڳ˵ļ
Фĺʹ״ı˱۾Ϊʲôǲɱ㣬δ棬Ϊʲô
ŮԭվţФĺǶȻһػߣѵҪſô
ŮԻһͻȻФĺͷԲлл㣡
˵ͻתɱȥ
Ҫ׷ϣФĺȴãĿŮԶȥӰУȫǲᣬȫ
ΪʲôΪʲôѽ᣺ʦΪʲôҪǸɱ֡Һ޲ýǧС
ФĺҡͷɬЦЦΪʲô͵Ƿİɡ
УٶȸֳֺֺĹ
ӻ˻Σһֱ룬Фĺǻôһ·ϣҲһֱһֱս룬Ҫȫȥš
ˡ
ԭФĺǣôģžڤɣʢ޽֮Фĺǵĳֵɣ˿⣬ҲûаĲģЩѣôӦǡӦã˰ɣ
Էޡ
Ȼʱһ˵Фϣע˵ģžڤΣڤžκΣ
ѭͷһ˵ˣǡ˽ڵģλҶ

ԴϲʱĴܹȥһץסҶЦ֣㡭ģܽⶾ
ҶЦһҪ˵ⶾɲҴƱǸʲôžڤɣųƾž϶ѽúܣ˵ʱƣû̫ģǾžڤʱɣͲڤô
˵ţһ̤ǰȥФĺǵߡ
˼æÿһࡣŵĿҶЦĿУ
ФĺĿѾЩɢңЦҺγӦǲˡǿǾžڤɣ벻ɾܲɵģν׷ˡ
УǶңԶ׷˼ʵ֪һ塭Ȼ֪̤ȥˡĸԸ̤ȥˡǺǡ
ҶЦһ㻹ȲҪ˵ɲɵ˵˲㣬鵤Ч˵ɣ
˵ţӻȡһƿóһƼĽⶾФĺǿС
ûõģžڤ򲻽涾֮ФĺǻֹҶЦùȴǰһƬڣơ
Ѿ;ƿݵ壬лԴԴע룬Ŀǰһ
˼֤˹һĻԣòʧ񵤣
һӦһ㣬ֵһ񵤣
˼Ӷ˳мˣ۾
ѵǡִ˵еĶ
һʱ䣬˾ȻԼ۾һĻ
ֻǵƾͽһֻ֣üôҿǵ񵤣žͽФĺǵĿСФĺǲŸоһԲԲĵҩڣҩΪһڽҺ˳£ڷ㣬ûеȵȫ꣬ȫҩѾȻ֫ٺ
ԭѾĶأȻ糱ˮһ㵹أ
ҶЦҩͳ֣֮࣬ͣһ֣һѶ̵Ȼ֣ȻһȥФĺǰĺôһƤ⣻һФĺСȶһƤ֮䣬һһСȣҲһƤ䡣
ͬʱҺɫѪҺӿȳ̱ǣŻ
ҶЦж̵֪ʲôʱȻʧҶЦĶδֹЪֻֻһ㣬Фĺϲϻȥ
ԪһҺɫѪҺһ˳Ƭ֮»ָʺɫҶЦۼѪҺת죬ɣָФĺָסѪ˿ڣ׶ɾѪȻҪžѪҪģҩλʧѪԾɻʧ˵ġ
Ҷַֺҽ죿ԼʦɫȻԾɲ԰ֽȴѾûֺȻкת˿ʵѲɾҩʦ
ǣǸʦҶЦЩ˵ž鵤ʦҵġΨһʦ˵˵ƼνǵƷǧΨһһŵ񵤡֮
ʦ
һٶŵٿҶЦȻһ£
СһﾹȻǵʦ


35 ڣˣ
ңʦʦţȻƳɹ񵤣Ϊ֮
ڴ֮ǰҶЦʵԸ棬һ˵ӣһһһŵģһҶЦҲôһĭ
Ȼ˵е񵤣ⶼڴţֱӰţˣ
Ǵ˼ʣҶЦղó鵤֮ʱֵ״ĿоžڤɵФĺۼһŵҩȥ˴ӹŹק˻Ҫ˵鵤ǵ񵤣òƲŲɣ
ǡ񵤣
һʲôأ
жٳĵʦأ
ȫ㣬òҲԲᳬʮɡ
ÿһקҪ֣
ЩקҪĵʦȴ˭óأ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣǽϸ߼ĵ񵤣ܹģᶥҲһһ룬ȫ
һ㣬ʦҵ֪Ĳ֪ģе㱾µĵʦȫǳе˫˫˫ġ
Ͼҵר
ޣ˫ൢţţΪҪͷ಻ͷˣ
ҶֱͲǸˣǸǵǰ;һƬòƵǰ;ͬĲõףһ죬ͶһΪǱ
⡭Ѿ޼֮ݣ
ֱӾһεıأ
ţФĺ֮⣬û֪Ҷӵд˵еʣֱֹҪ죬죬˵ȥ
ǡʱФĺҲƴһ۾ֻоȻԾʹ࣬Ѿûɬо
һΪ裬һεķХǿŵҩתȻҩֱһ˴ȻԪֻҪרϢԪڡ
վ¶һ˿ظЦ⣻񵤹Ȼ˵žڤɵĶѾϷݣҲõġ
ҶЦҪ˵ʲôФĺȴĿֹڣ漴ӹһ˿㯵ɫղǸŮӡˣ
ѾˣڷˣȻ˻ش
ФĺЩȻԶ˿ɪؾˡţҲá
ʦôΪʲôҲ̲סʳ˹ͬʡ
ФĺϷһֺֺܹŹֵ飺غƣǳٳ׾ƣôƵϽộ֮Ȼһҵ壬ɹĳɹˡ
ЦһϷԭһŮѩɿɰϷ֮谮֮¡ҹŮ֣ǽءòҲøղŮӼΪơ˰˾ŷ֣һģһ
ɬĵ壬ֻҶ裬ڱ˺壬ϷȻ֪ǰǸ֮£޻ڡ̾˿ûټ˵
ҶЦ˿һʱ侹ҲΪ֮
Ե壬ҶЦҲǸо޻˵һ㣬ȴëȻ
壬һԣǲΪФĺһ˫̿Ůֻɱ֮ѰԷ˲ƣԷʧҲֻʵܸߣ̿ͶǺְܳɱֶѡ
أûҶЦԣǴ˵еĲ涾žڤעȡФĺǵ΢ɱ֣עһɱԪǿߵĿԣζùģ
һǱĵ׵㣬һ˵飬һȥŮһŮɱ־ɱ
Ʋߣ֣Ƕ
ѹФĺʼղŮɱ֣ΪɱŮӣԼ͵ǽԼŮɱһ飡
ǿԼŮֻһһӰ
ФĺԾ²֣
ڣĵȻ֪ǰһĻǸ壬Ҫȥһ֪Լգ޻ڣشжѡǸŮ뿪ǸɱԼ뿪
ڵӾĬȻ
ҶЦФϲȫǸŮ˵ȥʱ򣬹ͷ˵һ仰˵Բлл㣡
ФĺĿ⾹һһ̣Ŀȣ˼ֱұӣ
಻̱ӣ
Ȼͳġһ
ФĺǵĿȻþõԶӣ૵ϣȥ󡭡һ˳졣
ҶЦΪ֮Ȼ
һɱԼվɱԼŮɱ̬ȡֻΪҲأҲԼŮһФĺǾǣҶǡ
ФĺǺ
ǣ
룬ȫǣ
ں֮˶ԣȫǣ
ǣݴȸ֮ģȴǺεȵĸˡ
ҶЦҶ죬Ƚϡ
˭ҶҶӣ
ҶҪʲôʲô
˭ҶԸҶӣҾͶԸ˭
һʱ䣬ȻЩĳȣԸոշֱûõıϵ



36 ʹķգ
ˣ˾죬óԣԷλָӦʱıʡ
ֻٷԵĺܳĬҼȡ
·
кӣԴҶЦФĺ֮󣬶һ·ϣҲʼ̸Ц
Ҷһνɣ˵׼˺ʱ򡭡һЦţĽ˵
ǰƫƫɽſʱţһҲĽ˵ȵһɽŷգͻɳˡá
ҶЦ⣬Ϊɽŷյʲôϵ
ϵȥˡڣͬ˶һ꣬׵ӡ
ô
ɽſţҪ߽ҪΪ񣬻ȡףȻȡԪʯΪԴվɺܶࡣ
ЦţȻڽߣҲǵϦжɣȥȥɽŷաǲҲԡ
զˣҶЦĲ⡣
ɽŷգͲ߽ˡʮ˵Ĵɣͼһطʲôһɣֻ춼ﶷ
һһһʹĽӿڣǰﶷﶷҪҪġ
ҶЦס
ʮӵ˸ƽÿˣÿһ죬ҪʮսԴ˾ߵλ
ͬһʦŵʦֵܣҪͬһӣҪε͵ģƴϳ壬θߵģƴҪס
һЩʲǺܺãΪƫ͵ġϾÿһսڰᡭڲϵذ֮гɳ
ָŵģʲôûУλս֮УԿģΪ˭Ҳ򲻹㶼ôǾֻаᣡ
һ꣺Ҹոհʦŵʱֻ˰꣬øɽŷյλսǸʱ򡭡һ죬һʮ١
һ챻һʮ١ҶЦʱľȻ
ʲô֣
Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
ҵǣ챻һʮΣ㻹Ҫսһһ죬һһꡭ
쳤̾һΣɽŷʮ꣬Ҿͱʮꡭ
Լ򣬵ε͵ȴҲһѷҪΪҪΡǲס
˵ڵӶǵͷ̾Ϣиһһ᣺һһʮƨ£ƽÿ춼ٴΣƨϱߵϼ붼ô񡭡
˹Ц
ҶЦȴëȻ
ҿҿҿûǵʱԼոշΪʮĵӣ˺İ¼
ֲһ·ϾͿһһƤ񣬰Ҳôںԭǰɸְ
ФĺȻжԪԾɲģ˼Ȼһ·ƺʲô
֪˿̱Ȼ鲻ѣҴšֻһߵ̸ۡ
ΨҶЦȻߣФϣǶءû⣿
Фĺǿһۣ֪Լ״ùˣȴҶЦϾǿŵ񵤵Чﵽʲô̶ȣҶЦžڤɵĶȥųж࣬ЩжģڱֻǡҪɾȴǾףǵûһʱǱıչأܳȬ
ҶЦԵͷФĺ״ԤƵĻһ£ݣжδžڤȻ˵еĲ涾ѾƼĽⶾδȫ
ȻǸǿŽⶾıƷйأֻн׼ȻƼЧޣ
֪ͺãôҶ֪඾δ壬򡭡Ʊؽ־ȫޣǾҲزȥˡФĺǳһڣصɽţǧ
һһ갡
ҶЦФϣԳʵĩ㻹мߴżȻ˴֮ʵҲֻڲ֮䣬̫࣬ǺˣʵФΪΪһʵ߻һ߶Ƕ֡ΪֹɳԸǵģǱԵʵߣҲ緽һʵԲ붥⣬֮ԷӰгʵЩ֣Ӧûгְɣսֻ»Ӳң
ФĺԺЩĿһۣƺھҶЦΪܹó㣬ԲߴмЩصӣһҲδ֡
δֵԭȴҲ򵥣ɵж֮ǱĬ£绹ǻᱻȥġ


37 Ԫ
Фĺ˵Щ˳ֻ֣ҪһƣƵøɸɾҲͷϣЩ֪©вأֻͬΪϣκҲǿġ
֮ĺгֻڱ棬ڼֵñ֡ФĺЦһ
ԽǰߣҪԵֻ¾ͻԽȥһǧ·֮ڣ־ͻ£ʱʮа˾žͼذʱ򡣡
ǼȻѾôɱҵ֮ıؼᣬûеȥʱ򷴶ǹȥԣһǧϵһһ
Фĺǳ̾Ψȫˣݳ𣬲ѹˣΪû˻Ϊһ˴󶯸ɸꡭ
ҪܻŻȥݳȴǲˣ
ФĺǳЦһ¡
ҶЦͷβס
һˣǾʬ޼ֵ֪ڼôһ£Ϊ˴֣Ϊ˺гҲֻܰ£ҪǻţлһţܹδԻ͵
Ϊ˭ΪϣΪѵӣΪסǸ֮ģǱóģ
ôеƷ鵤ФĺüʵҸղת˵ԳƻǸʦ
ղ˼֮ǰҶЦ˵Ƿʲôû
ҶЦǵģר޵Ŵ֮죬ԵʦǿҪ󼫸ߣУĵرƵҩศɣǵ˫ޡ
ФĺĿһһڵˮƽʲôزˣ
ȻФĺ뵽˵˫޵ı׶ˣҶЦΪǳصΪҲ̫ߣڼʱǰ;һƬ˵еΪеĵţĵǵҶЦרڵɾֻͬĲ
ҶЦȴһ˵ĵΪʵڲʦʱ˵һ츳Ϊܣһǳʵʼ֪ȻǲԳԿǰ
ڵһ;ɾǳֻƵͽ׵ҩ֮ʱżһ㵤ΣҾΣ뻹ǲȵģҪɵΣҵξȵģʮŵҩֻǣʵЦ󷽣ʦš
ҶЦ˵ĺǫ飬ֱǱԼФĺǶȴһף
һľף
ʲô⣿
żһ㵤Σ
ʮųɵ֮УȻŵɵΣܵȳƣ
Ȼ
ѾĲë
УнŵǼʦмΣ
ȳɾҪǲЦ󷽡ʦţ˻ˣ
ԿޣԿأ
šһе񵤡ר޵˵д˳ɾҲ֮еġ
ޣòƶҲ񵤺òã½ȻճĵʦˮƽЩקò֪ϽҿᲱϵ˵ˣ
ǣɵǣڣҶעǺĵˣ
֮һ鱦仧Ǻˣ
ˣϷҪлľ֮ءФĺǳ˵һ仰
Ŀҧҧƺ¶ʲôģ½֮ˣȻΪǳľ϶ϱһӼ㣬Դֹ۵жǳһȣһ治Ϊ޿صĵزϷԻƴȫΪ㴴ᡭȻѰٻ飬ܹǰͷֻҪպܹúǽ㹻
ΣһҪҪסԼ
Фĺһһ˵ΨбסЩˡЩѪծڽϣֻصһգ
ҵΪдԪʱֻҪ㽫֮ԻõŵӣճɾͱȻϷ֮ϣФĺǳص𣿡
ԪһصԪ֮Ѫд±飻ֱ飬ζᱻα졣
ҶЦФϣҾ黹ûһν˱ۣδؾͲܻȥ
Фĺһ̾ǰ·ã
ҡҡͷĿֳɪ뱯Ϸǿн뼫ر֮ʱν緢ڡһҲûУһգϷֺαΪдԪԪ㵱дµô
ҶЦͷĪĳһ¡
ԪŵԪеȨޣνȨ޼󣬾ٷܵõĳλԪȻøɵļӣԪСԪ֣˼壬ҪԪɵһźĵԪԶ޷޸ԼʸʹԪĵԪ֣һ֮УҲδػᱣһΣ
Фĺܹô˵ѾҶЦñԼҪҪĶ࣡


38 һ
˵䣬һƽĴ·ϣ඼ũ
ƽ
һƽĻΧУͻȻһ
漲Ŀת˲Ѿ
ũͬһ㷭һȻ⣬ͻȻǰ֣
ƥ⣡
ƺҪⷽһᣡ
ɱһεˣ
ңһεĴɱʵԶԶԽ֮ǰκһɱ֣
ǵ㺮⣬Զֵʱ򣬻ֻһ㣬嵽ǰʮɵʱѾһų״ľ޴籩
嫽財
ֻܿѾõ˼Ľ⣬ȫȻ֮ˣض
һ㺮֣ǰ˽籩ȺѪ籬ըһĳϰգʮϵĵͬʱҽеأƥĽԲ˿
ѾФĺǺҶЦǰ
Ǳɱ֮
ڱɱ
ǰİʮӣûм֮ˣֵȴûκܹ赲ͱݿһͻˡ
嫽ӳ֮£Фĺ׽Ա̣һһֽҶЦͳ֮⣬Űνϣ󱲣
嫽֮һӰƺЦЦšһ죬Фĺֻогڿմһ㣬˵ܡ
ŽеȻһѪ˲ʱɢңδϾʹ˷ת䣬ҶЦλ׷ȥ
ФĺǼ״һӣ
˵ʵǷ֮Фĺв˴Բ󣬴˼ֵФĺǶδԪĵʱ̣ǵ潻֣ФĺδȲʤ㣬Фĺ֪ԷҲδز֪ӦԷȴǱȷҪ
Ȼ޵ԪӲФĺһФĺǵĽԼȻһȻشȴǳɹıƶҽФĺǱƿһɾתı䷽Ŀյ˳׷ɱҶЦ
Ƿ˶δľٶ
ǱȷҪľٶ
ΪһҶЦ˶ΪششۣƣǺҽεģ˺Ըԭģ
˵ԾԼǰ·
Լ֮·ϾҲҪɱҶ
ıɱ֮⣬νǼ᳹˲ϧһеĵز

Фĺӻôĵ״̬֮У϶޷ת׷ˣ̿ΪȻвФĺǣಫȡһȴֵĳɹ
ФĺһΪҪѹڶأȫԵУƣôһҪ׷ϣʼҪһ˲
˿̵һ˲֮Ѿս̫ˣ
ҶЦӽФĺ֮ǰһ֮ٺˣһӳʮɿռ䡣
˵ĽȴӰΣƱҶЦҪ죡
ö࣡
ҲҪʮֹ
߲ŸոնӦ䣬ԷѾǰո˳ʮɣ˽Ѿ̵ҶЦؿҪ
ҶЦֻоؿһʹȻѾתӦֶΣʩչĵı
ֻҪڵǰĻ΢ǰһͽҶЦͱɡ
һոշССϣܹùһλԪ۷ֲϧ۵ȫɱ̿ƣܲΣѾԽԪ۷弫ޣﵽ˵ԪһƷ
Ȼʱһо֡
һ׳ӰȻڼ䲻ݷ֮ʽҶЦײ˳ȥ
Լ壬ҶЦײ˳ȥ

һ·һֱҶЦߣ˿Σ˼࣬Ȼϡ
ҶЦתŷһײ˷ųȥԴűһѪӣǿƶǵĿ
ҶЦ֮ˣδۿʱȴֻץסϮ̿гĽ˻ţһͷײ˹ȥ
ǿڽ⴦ǰ˵һ֣ѾǶ˷У
ۼ£ȫ޳ɣһȻһһҺߣʮָȫϣؿڸһ͸ѪһЦ齣հ𣬽ٶ˸ȻҪˣ

֣һ죬ФĺѾȫ׷
Фĺǵ۾ˣ˿̵޹˼ԼĶûРȻȻؽΪһ֮У
ˣ
ֻΪԼһ佻
ϧһдۣҶ
ʦģҪɱҶʦܣʬ̤ȥ
Фĺǽ̵һĴӣӰĵӣ˿ֻ̣ΪԼ񣬽ȫФĺԼˣҲ뿪
һ˲˵ĽѾڿչԶ֮ѳɡ
ȻФĺǵĽҲѾˡ
¡¡Ķը죬һĺ٣УƷĩգ׵ŭɽ
ɽ¿Ȼվͨ쳤磻зӿ
ǵԪֽΪȫĶ̬
ФĺѾ


39 ֣ڣ
ʼֻǸոչδԶݣФĺǵĽЮŷ׵쭣ֻһѾ
һҺȻڿбФĺ֫ʬм

еĽҲһ˳ͷβƬ
һƬѪ꣬ӿȻ¡

֮أ
ФĺǳһգҲ˵ĲʬһۣԿ첽˷ǰ㡭
ԾһͦţԾŭ
ؿλãȻһ󶴣Ȼܹĵ棬ֻ֣ʮָȥѪѾ£һ̲
ʦ˻ΣͻȻֳһĪĿ־壬ŵʦҲҡҺ¡غˡ
˵һ仰ͻȻۡһˤڵϣãȻʣ촽΢΢⶯૵𡭡
ʹһ
ؼ䣬ƺһ͵ྲ
ФĺȻסˡ
ãͻȻƺǴĵףȻһ𣺡
֮Ҿֱ
ҶЦһʱ˲ϲ鿴Լƣ͵˷ߣ㡭
УѾץŵƿ׼ȡ鵤ǡ
ȴѾòˡ
Ѿˣ
һֹǰᴩֱ࣬Ϊ촷ۡ
Ȼе񵤣ֶͨΣҲѾ޷
һʱ䣬ҶЦҲסˡ
ղԼԼٶǳڷıģʦФĺǵԶԱŵӵĹգֻ߾ΪҶЦغĳԶ桭
ʲôԭ򣬽ǷˣΪ˾ҶЦˣҶЦǷµˣ
ڱٵƬ֮ǰԼ߸Լ˵˵ԺɣͿҶʦܴչˣȵҶʦܹ֮ʱǧҪԼнʦ֡
ץŷͬŴ̸ЦںȾƣԼ۵Ǵ粽ĸţӰΡ
éޣҲһ棬ȫ޽١
ڿǸɶʱ򶼲ܷɾ裬Ӳܵκε𡭡
Ҫ˺Ҷʦܣɱң̤ҵʬ֮󣬲׷ɱҶʦܡ
Ƿ˵Ļ
ϡڶߡ
ţ٩٩̸ܶ˶˵ȴ˻ĸж
ˣģ
ҲģȴʵԼԼŵԡ
ڶ˼Ѿõ
һ仰Ȼǡ
ҲҺ¡
˭£
Ҳͬ£Ծѡ޷˵ѡηѡ
һ̣ʲôûУеģֻһ㣺ΣҶʦ
ФĺǾþòһҺ֮࣬쳤Х¡
һ̣Фĺǻתͷ½߾۽һλãͻش̤˹ȥý淭ҡ
ңʵݵ
Ҫ֪˭ɱԼĵӣ֣һɵģ
ѾòҲԣԾɲĥФĺͷһһΣ
Ψн˴ηɱص֮ˣǣʿţȫ𣬼ȮܸοԼͽ֮飡
𰡡ФĺǿͻȻһ𣺡𰡣
һƿǰȻضһ
Ԫֱֲ֮ɼһߡ
šһ죬ƺѰĽʲô¡
ФĺһѽԴץȴһöռָһ죬ˢһĨȥڣһһը졣
һȴФĺصԪǿĨ˽ָԭӡǡΨнָԭ˲Ŵ򿪵Ŀռָǿд򿪣
ʵǺΣյģһпֱܻӱռָĿռɣش
ЩȫФĺӣʲôǣʲôҪ
ΨһҪģֻس˵
ңöռָԭΪФĺǣ˿Ȼʣ𣬿ռָ֮֮꣬Ҳ½͵㣬ФĺǿĨ֮£һ˲𣬿ռָ
ФĺǼռָ˵ԽָĶȫ㵹˵ϡ
൤ҩԭʯҩȵһѡ
Фĺǵ۾ȴע۽һϡ
ڵơ
һץݺݿȥһ̣ͻȻŭ𣺡ŭԭ㣡ڣһڣӴ˿ФĺǣƲݣ
ϵݺܼ򵥣ֻ֣ڣŭ


40 סס
˵֣ڳ˶İŭڵڶ֮УܳһȻԵδѡʮӣȴڶ֮ǰéٿǰʮ
ӵһֽ뻯֮
ȻŭʵףȴΪڸ߲ϲ
Ϊϲ飬ɱˡ
ԣһɱƽĿ¡
ɱˣؽ磬ԭʲô£ǽŭȴʮֵſǽԼɱ˭ɱ˶ٶ˹ߣ۹ʼάڣɵȣȻ粻ϲ
и֣Ҳε֮ǰŭ˭ҲףϷν⣬Сʹ붼㲻ϣ
ŭʼղģôɱ˻ôɱˣ
ȻһΣٶҪɱ˵ȴͬڱ˵Ľ¡
Фĺŭ޼ľһǣʬ
ڳ˽ŭݼӢӣҪŭϧԶϾԼǰ;ľʽҲҪٵҶЦɼҲ˴Ǯ
һλݼӢӵĴۣǶȴɶԣҲ˵޹ʹġ
ŭίʵʢ֮²ʿֳ׿ʩһ֮һ·壬ǿƿߵķФĺȵԪǿгɹȡһɳ֮Ƿ⣬ڻıֻ¾͵ɱĿҶЦ
һۣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȴʮλĴӣ¡
У˺֮һķ
ҶЦڷʬǰ棬ֻоһƬãȻ
ˣ
ΪԼ
ǷԼ϶Ѿˡ
ҶЦΪ飬жϲûзȣԼ˿̵³
ȻеԪ߽ߵ飬Ȼ񹦣Ȼ鵤ҩǲϧ¶޾ռĴڣϧһ˲ȫûã
Լ뺮󣬱˴˼Ųɿ⡢޿ɻĴ
ڵȴǣĵӣһ·ΪԼƴ
Լ˺󣬳ĺڣ
ԼǰӺ˺ĺڣ
Ҳã˸ԣԼڵǰξ񣿣
ҶЦһ˲ͻȻоԼܻ硣
һֻìĸо
֮۾̾˿˵һΪ㱨ģڣҶҪΪᣡôȻȫȻΪ㣬ȴΪļ£
Ȼվڻָ״
ǵģʼջԼӡ֮еΪ棬Ϊв伫
ǹȻԺɵɱˣҲΪһɶɱ̫޹ˣ
ǽ

Ƿֻڵȡʵ
û㹻ǿʵֻһǱɱԼˣ

Ժɭȫ˵һʮˣһ֮ʮˡ
ߣФĺҶЦڣֻһʮˡ
˼·Ҵ䣬ĬԣФĺȴһʱܱĻɽ¶˿ķŭ
ǰ棬һбǰģɣһϷɱһκεĹ¼ţӲ顣Фĺҧ˸ųޡ
Фϣֻһ䣬һΣФڼرһغģߴ֮еɣ˭ڴͷΪΣ
ҶЦʵ
Фĺҧس裻ոսԪƷǳţΪҲڼرӽԪƷ
Щһ˵
ΪֹǰʮɱǿȷйϵǸǳйϵʣļɱ٣ҲɵӰ档
֮ԺĴɱţһûˡ
ФĺǵЩ֣ҶЦÿһڿ˼飬ļ
ҶЦЩֵ⣬ФĺǺס
һҶЦһڶ֮УֻкӱƣŻʧȥϵɣϵܹɱģȻЩɵĸ߲㡣
ףȴֻЩФĺһڼرغĸɵͷˣ
ʵʩ߻ҲȻЩ˲롣
ҶЦҪסЩˣԱ㽫Ϊ
һ㣬ФĺǺףûֹ
Ҳû˵ʲô
ֻǽЩ˵֣ô
ԶȥʬǣѾһѹǻңФĺǱϵ̳
һ˳ߴ󺺣񣬾һ߼ĺ
Ӣ֪֪Ƿñûţ


41 Ǹˣ
ǰаһУһϮֻһΣФĺǰ棬һʱͳ˹ȥ
һûöʱ䣬ФĺһŽɭȻɱش߳ɫͬϣµѪ
ߣФĺǳȵ
һսǺŴαϮ״ûиһΣ
ţȻФĺǱƵǴҲûҶЦڣΪǿŵ񵤣Фĺͦˣ
Ȼ֮һսһΣûܼˣΪòսսǰȻФĺƴսе˶Է󲿷ֵսҲɱˣԾɲɱʧʮӡ
ˣѲˣ
ڴ˺ÿһ죬ÿһս֮󣬺Ѹټ֮࣬ҶЦĵ׳Ƿݳޣ͸ӵŨ˼֣ɱҲŨ
һ졭ĳɽС
ФĺˮһԵĳŸպõҰ⣬Ŀȴһ㣬ɽѲš
ʮӣڳĬĳԷ
мˣϵ˿ڻڲϵѪ
ǵģ֮·սڣԷĽɱȣԽԽÿγ֣ҲԽԽࡣ
ĵӣÿһսڲɱļԱ
ӼرӳʮˣڣҶЦФĺߵģֻʣ˶ʮһˣ
˼ФĺƺѾȫȻľ
ҶЦ֪ФĺûľȫûУԽԽ壬ԽԽǺĳޡ
Щӣÿһ˶ФĺڼرӶȹʮ£
֮䣬ĸ顣
һһǰڷ
ǻһδɵĿ꣬һҪԹڳФĺǣФĺҲѾˡ
ҶЦһ·ûܳʲôżҩԱԼͷ
ҲڳĬҲ˼ʲô
ĽԵġ
ԵФĺǶоֲĵز
ҶЦĽǵǰФĺǵο
ʲô
ԪƷжΣʮ
á
أ
ԪƷжΣѾӽΡ
á
أ
ԪƷ۷塣ʮ
ô죡
أ
ԪƷ
ꡭ
ҶЦΪȣФĺǷǳ⡣
û⣡
Ų٣ȺܿģҲûС
ҶЦôֲĽٶȣȴǰ޹ˣһûеġ
ФĺɣҶЦĽٶΪ׼ǺߣҲֻ˿׷ģ
Ҫһζͼ졣ФĺǸ롣
֪
Ҫȴ򡣡ФĺǵΨлʵˣɱ⼸ŵʱ򣬲ܱ𱨵ú죡
ǵġ
һûʲôָˣȻҪ𣬶ҲǱˣΪޣôΪֹҲֹԪƷȻΪѾ֮СҪƾһ֮ȥȴԶԶ
ûеɽǰѾһ
ҪԼչҪӵбǿǿöΪ
ǳȴǴϣȫ٣ֻҪǱʱ⣬Ϸ֮ϣʱѾϷǿҲδ֪츳̣ҪκεĻɣ
ǣһʵԪƷ㲻Ҫ˵ҪĻФĺǳ˵֮ǰܹ躹ޣ;ܵ躹ޣһҪ֣ϷԱ֣ΪϷҲˣǲ⡣ǷǱ̣ȴһɱ죬ϧһдҲҪɱ㣬ԣһҪ˵˵ϣϴˢѪծΨһָ
ס
ǧҪסǷĳģĺ⣬츳ĵ̣ôҪֶԸģͲٽЩӡͽǵһĵˣ
ų϶֡ΪΪǱʵֲ̫ǽԶҡŸǲɳԸһȡǸ˻Ҫֲţ
֮ܶԶ֮δ֮ǰһҪ躹ޡ
ף
Ǹ˻ҪֲǸˡ˭ҶЦûʡФĺҲû˵
ҶЦ֪Ǹˡʲôˡ
ǸˡҶЦ
ЦҶЦ

ϣФĺǳ̾˿
һҹ֮䣬Ȼûκαʣ
ФĺǡҶЦȴ˿Ҳûиеɣ⣬Ǳٵƽѡ
һߣ賿˳Ĭվ׼·ʱ򡭡
ͻȻФĺǵӣʯһȻֹ
쳤ХߺǹŹ֣Ӵ쳣ֵڣƺںʲôʲô¹ͨ
˶ԴԴ󲻽֮ʣ֪ФŪʲô飿
漴ˡ
УͻȻֻСһļ


42 ʣ
òƻֹֻСѣ߿УУһЩڸ߿սҴǰɡ
˵ȻܹóЩΪɸѶ֮õķݣ
ôȴѶɵļ١
ǰйôһ֮⣬ʮԽûеڶˡ
ǷʲôӰ쵽ľ޴ʣŻˡ
һֶǼӷš
ôһ£
ʲô鷢
ǰıʣФĺһ˶ԣȴѵõĺϢ
Ϊжϵϵӣ
ֻС񣬽شת
ƣФĺ˳ʱפؼرӣر¼ܹͣ˹£Фĺµк˶Լš
δЯߣҲФĺһ㣬мֻѶõȸѣߴʮӣҲԪΪΪδߣսۿۣô˲ء
Фĺǵ״Ҳˣб޸ФĺǵսϵԪƷƷǿߣҲһսԶǰսޣ
޲ߣʵƾһء
˾мңȻʣȴ֪ԼܴţۼФĺѾȸԼСȸϣһССͰ򿪣һ衣
ФĺǴ裬ȡ鱨̯һɫһȴһɣʱĪĺͻ
ڶ˽ŵıʣȻʲô¡ߵΣһٽˡ
ҶЦʵʣʲôʾӰ˹
ڵҲǲŶϸĵФĺǵĻػ
Фĺ쳤̾Ǳ߷شʡ
˵ţ׷ʣͽϢ˳
ʧٶµƹֳ徣ʵǰоɽţϴʾ֮࣬ɽ¥һ٣֣֮ˡӣ̷ּأɽżա
Բʧɫ
ҶЦҲֻһͷˮ
ôһ£
ƹˣҶЦţ˿Ů֮еĵһǿߣӣҲ֮У˭һˣδ֪֮
ǰЦҲǲĳڣҶЦǰ߳ƣһ֮شţǿ߶ϣҲУҲһţ˵Ц
ƹһ֮У泾ؼĻڣԼ˳˵ƹǰΣܹȱݵĳֶƹ񹦣޷ֽ٣òҲ񹦣˼ʾδҲ빦巴ɵ״֮С
ʱ򣬱˲ȥǣѾϴ󼪣λô˱˵ɽţ
ǿƣҲƣ
ҶЦ֮УλصƹʵȻʥߴ֮òҲûʲô޴ڰ
Ϊʲô
ԵɣҲ֪ûϸ˵ֻеǻȥŲȫ˽⡣
ФĺǵȸȻܹǱζǵϢܹšһǵΣǡˡ
οĿ˿ҶЦѾԿ϶ܹصˡ
˵ţ˺һƬ½ֱѪд;ɱ֧Ԯʮӣ˴ٳԮ
дͽȸŷɳȥ
Ϊ˷˻䣬ФĺǸɴֱ߿գŷŷȸ̽͡
һֱȸƲ֮Уѱ׷ŷ
˺죬ȻûػζûС
ֻһͻȻù̫ƽЩϰˡ
һֱ߳ɽ֣һģԴϣӴһЩ˵ʱ֪׷ʲô£
һʵòʵ˴һ
ǰ칬ѩһսʧٵƹͻȻǿ֡
ʧٵڼ䣬ƹ˵˶ߴŵϴѹ״ʮҡ
һαأҴ泬㷺
λƹֳ徵ĵһĿ꣬ڣº֮ͬƺȻ£˵ɽǿɱ룬һ·嵽ڵʮչһսһ仰ƮȻȥ
Ժ󣬸ʵ㣡ɽŷ꣡գһ
ڼһսɽš


43 񻰣
⣬ֻһʼڵòƶûеϢֱȥǳţͬһ·ͳ壬ǿƹ࿪սκνͣɷ˵Դ֡
һı֮࣬ǳ˲֮࣬Цȥͬһ仰Ժ󣬸ʵ㣡ɽŷ꣡
ǺΨһõǣļֻˣû˲УҲû𼰹ȴǱաҪǿϲ١
ĴţҲһ⣬ȫϤһ顣
ߴűԾûֵͣ˼λȫǿĴΡݷá칬¹ͬĴһȻǴ
ֱ쫷ؽĶȫɨһ飡
⵽ݷáǺЩǱϾӵܹλֲĴϿĳ֣ʧܴƮƹʧҲ󣬱ϾͬΪŮΪţϲûе֣ߴ֮УļңҲֻǶЩ棬ʧҲڿܵķΧ֮ڡ
ΨУڣǳſǵ˴ù
ڲ֮ǰΧЦȻɹɵ˶ԷµսҲŵĶ֣һС롣
ҪǣŵľӢÿνǲ
в뵱ΧЦŸ֣ЩδĻص֮һûȫģҲˡ
вٵԪ߰ƷĶֱ֣Ӿʮ֮ж޷ָ˽ģҲô̵ʱȫָ
ƹǿϮͲǶ֣ڸǷȱĵֿ֮
޿ɱıԼ֮ڴݿغɨһ١
νʧȥ
ûгԱʼջ飬Ҳ֮ˡ
λطˣһ֮սгѵһզ죺Ǹɶ

Фĺǰʱ䣬ʧ٣֪˴õϢ˵Ѿˡ
ʱҶڽѹƹȴûеɱ֣ҪӲӡ֤һ£ǲˡ
ֻҪΣض֣һֱǱϢȷʵҲζƹ֮֡
ںˣ̽ˡϲûһʵһ¥ǿüֱˣ֮˼ʧٵʱ䣬˵ֻڱչء
Фĺ̾˿ֱŪɳ׾ȫǼԼû¶¸ɣеĸԼͷϿ˸ʺӡôһ֣ڽһʱ϶ʵʵˡ
ԲɵҲ̾˿ȴҲһ
ȻһžͣʵˣҲͲݱ׷ɱˣŲҵȴǴ
ΨҶЦ֡
˵еλԼȻûмǡʵȻѾͺֲܿˣȴòƻܹﵽôֲļɡ
ǿߵУҶЦǼǵġ
ʮǿߣһ˸߾һѾã˿Ժ
˵֣ﶼ֪䷨
Ȼ֪ڶȷ˭Ҳȷ䷨֣ǡ䷨ǡ޷ֻǡⷨ
ˣռһλ£¡
ڡһˡ֮µǶϱƮȻɡ
֮һˡΪأһˡִɴû֪ϸȫȻ֪
ٽֵˣ֮УƹϹȻ۾һ֮ϣصȣҲδ£䱾˵ΪĶ֣Դͬһˮ׼ϣռоơ
ʮǿߵһ̶ϣҲͬʮ
λǿߣΪЩ˲࣬Ϊûרŵ֧֣ųζţʵʵ͵ˡ
ô˵ΪҲǿᵽزǡ
Ҫ֪սɲǵĵǴߴɿʼôһ·ȥǿߣȫһ飡
˹ϵµһ䷨֮⣬İ˴֣ȫ©ıһ飡
һȽĳսһս֣սص鷳ǰݺʮת˼Ȧ֮иֽһ飡
ֱӾǸ񻰣
Ǵ˵Ҳ͸ŨŨĲš
ȴƫƫʵķˡ
ôͻȻôأ


44 չƷɣ
Фĺԣʧٵڼ䣬ʵΪܹ˹ƣ
ҶЦоԼȻֻ뿪򻹲ʱ䣬Ѿ仯ԼϤֻӦ˵ȫʶһ㡣
˵λϣҲӦôǿʵǡһߣФĺҲüͷ
ȹʼһ֮Фĺһ˼֮࣬˵
ţФϸղŲǻ˵λνʧ٣ʵڱչأչǱ֮࣬ΪǵﲻӦأ
ҶЦ˵˵Фϵ˼ʵǣλ֮ǰȻҲʹչͻƣҲܹ¸ȫһѹ˵ĳ̶ȣ
š˵ФĺǵȻ֪ڴ˴α֮ǰѾ򣬱ΪֵһŮħͷҲֹֻŮħͷѡ֮У˵ΪбϸߵģδؼУ൱ģôһְֵģȴǲˡܹߴɨ⣬˵һɨˡȴǶ϶ûܵ顣
ҶЦ˼Ƭֵ̣ǻ᲻λʱΪʲôԵֻǳʲôĵر鵤һΪأҳ򣬶֪ޣ½ԣܹΪĵر鵤ҩⷽĿء
⻰ȻеΪνϵ֮áΪһԪ߽ײϣҪҪµĴĥκһ֮ܡ
Ѱĵرû壬ΪƮƹĴϣ֣£¼䣬ĺʲôĵرܹΪļһӾģ
Фĺü˼Ȼǰ˼⡣
Σλڴ˵оǿߡϣӽ쿪ʼһ££
һǣ϶ԵгֵشԴ
λϣڶԸɵʱòǼԵģȥͷ칬ǱߣҲֻʾѡ
𿴺¹֮УشϣȴҲѣΪȽɶԣǽҵúܣҵúܣ׼Ĳ֮еĴң
ȻͬţڣǳţǾûˣ෴ǱصգرкΨţ
գӵеԪƷϵĸ֣˴ˣ²УһΪȫϣУЩβʸϽֵĵԪ֣Ҳ˰ߡÿ˶ʵذһǶ⣡
ڵԪֺֹ٣
ӲһŶӹȥһһ⣬ԵĲƫУȷ
治ЩԪֲ㣬ʵڶ㲻ܲ
˵׼һĻڴõѪ
ǳţҲǴһ
еԪƷϸ֣һսˣһ˲мʣµĵԪ֣ÿһǶ⡣
֮
֮һһĻˡ
濴ߴɵȫһʵȴǴͬţֻȥһ˶ѡ
ҲĪںλشȴû˲С
Ա֮󣬲Ѳ²⵽϶ǳرġŴˡ
£ŵͷһѻ֮
ҲûôƮƹûǵ㱾ˣ
ǶƮƹ̽ʱǶû
զôرݶضԴǣ
Ȼŵ治붯
ھЦһ֮ʵʵڵ˽ǣԪˡ
ƮƹûԾʵףŲܹ£ȻҲûк֦ڡ
һʱʵúܡ
ʵúҲУڼǻܴôɶ¶һͷˮͱʰһݵġ
Фĺǵ˵ǳʵӦñʾԵҲǣһٶĴ飬ǿƣ׼ͷôʱĳأö˵ֻҪԼһǶȥЩԪȫͷǱѣԽųУһغнң
Ĵ֮˲ʾл⣬ҪԹʵе˵ȥ
ĺӣФϵ˵ΪȻǳŸǲݣ
ڽһ·ϣķ׷˶˵¡
ϢνѾһ㣬ڼʱϯ
ȻصţФĺ£мԣԸо޹⣬ϾҲɨ֮УϣȻ̸˲ΣشʼشʼǴӣ
£
ҶЦϢȴֻоĪܣһɼĸоȻ
һʱ䣬Ȼ˷ܵЩˡ
⣬۷֣
Ǿɣ
ԼǰȻҲǲټͷ˼Ծǲ̫Զˡ
ֺΧûսͰԼŪˣٿ˼ֱӴ£д£
ҡҲɨ££
ҶЦֻһ룬;Ѫڣ֡
ΪʲôŹµһ䷨ûȥ£ͬĹ۵㣺䷨أһʱҲ
ܷŹ
˭ʤ˭˵һȥһ
ȴǿ϶ģ
һʱ䣬ֱ䷨ȻγһɽҪȡ䷨Ϊµһֵͷ
ƹڷ𣡴ҪСģǧҪƹˣһǵˣֻรһƱؽ£ɲĵù͸ء
ǣһʱ䣬Ʈƹĵλ죡

һ棬ڵõФĺǴѶ֮󣬲һ
ɣ಻ɳ֧Ԯ
ҶЦһڴԮ֮һֻǰ߰·̣էȻͻȻը죬Ӱһ羪һ㣬佫
һ߸ˣȻֻǿƣѶ϶߾һ֣
ͷģһӥˣüְ˲ʣĿǣһϮƮƮĵĸͦΣǴӥƻ࣬һѹӣꡣ
һˣҶЦͫ׾̲סһ
ȴǺ˫֮һʺչչƷɣ
ԪƷ֡
벻һγӦФĺ֮ˣȻ
ȻΪԮɼ飬൱ˡ
չƷɵһΪں˵Ĵ֮УԿǰʮ
䱾չĻƥһĵԪƷ֣Ѱ
ΧԼۣ֮˾УңԼһ̡
һﵱҲûкܶ٣ԼһƣѪأǱչ񲻼Լ˶ѾɥԼ£չƷյԱչȴԼһϳᣬް֮ܡ
ֻԼһǺðģʱգչƷɫЩҰףȻһƵƣڻûȫָ


45 ֵһ᣿
ФĺһչƷɵȴӶɳһ
ʣµһǧ·չƷˣûˡ
ФĺȷţԼ˾ԲΣˣˡչƷҲһԶ
չƷΧǸ˵սУʧ˱ޣȻδȬƾԪƷһݣѾ㹻ˣ
ô£չƷɴӥһ۾ФĺϣĺǣǼرǱ߳⣿ǿô
⼸ˣҲעĿФĺһˣоǾȺͷŭ
󣬾ȻôĿ
Ϲʮӣھʡôˣ˵ǰǰʧٶλӡ
ֱǲܵľ޴ʧ
ȷʵǳ⡣ǰ̣ԷФĺȻ޷֮ڴѶн˵˼ǰȥ߸վһ𣬵ǽ㣬Ѿûˡ
߸ͬʱü
ӡФĺָָҶЦѹ鶼һ飺ԣһ·ǲ
ţ˶չƷüͷһ壬ȴûҶЦһץסФĺֱۣԪ˲͸룬ӾѸһȦɫһ䣬ʧǾžڤɣ
˵ţȫת񹦣ͷϣȻ͵سһ£
ŭһǳһФĺǵľ˲ϴһ飻Фĺǡۡһ³һںɫѪҺѪ֮࣬ݹ֮ࡣ
ˡչƷɿ֣չһЦҿⶾѾʮ֮˾ţҲûа취
лչʦ塣Фĺǹ
ˣеĶزж֮Ϊֻһ£Ҳǽ绯ˣչƷɵ
ФĺǿЦһʦ˾ĺǶԣǽʵʵѩ̿ʦΪ᲻֪ĺǽᣬԪģȻӦжҲǽ֧һʱ޻߲٣ʦĺ뻹Ҫܾ꣬ɹۣ
Ƚһʦ壬ʦֲܣֻǡǶžڤɣôģж״ֻۣ˴˾žڤɵİ˶ڵԪһ֮ˣ֮޾ȣȻȵԪͽߣҲܹӲдѣ޿ΪܽˡչƷɸʵ
¡ҲΪФĺǽһ飬˻Եɺʳ֮⣬һλʦ輫Ϊڣԭ֮ʦţе񵤴ǰо޾ȣȴ
˼νܣչƷڻͷעתƹȥµĴҶЦݵϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬꣬Ҷ
Ϊºָͣ߸ϵζȴԶ׼
ԴˣҶЦȻ׼
һ֮֮ϵ½ŵĵ֮ǰôܲڰڼӣ
ǡҶЦȱֳһսˡľнֱֳ֡ոշ֮ǰԼλµһԹϰ԰
չƷɼ״Цˡ
´һɻĺǣ˵δͣȴǽ٣ȫΪ糣һ㣡
Фĺ΢Ц˵ֱ֮ˣճ˽ڵ㻯ǰǾһϢԣ˿̣ڵĴԷӳȻα˶Ĺ۲죻ܹ۲ʲôˣֻҪûгĽΪġʮа˾Ŷῴ͸ġ
ŶչƷɶʱȤ㡭Ϊʦ
ͻȻС˻һһ´ҶЦֱͺڿһɾӵľ䱦
һ̣ҶЦͷԼ֣ѾȥչƷһȴº͵³ˮһӿƬ֮䣬ѾԼ֮ת˼Ȧ
ԪƷ˻չƷ죺ŲոշѾԪƷػ٣Ҳ
һ̧ͷȴФĺǹŹֵ
ʱڿɲô䣬СӱԴԱµһԼȴｫ֮ޣ佾֮ĸæĿ˵šΪڸշ˵ȻǼߵġ˵Ƕڱ״Ӷԣֻòˮ׼ֵһᣬֵһᡭ
Фĺǿһͷ
ҶЦҲЩȻ
ʵ벻Լǰϳˣ֮ҲôƵһ棺ҲŸշҸ߱ȽʲôҪŵ״ӱȽϣҲҸȵˣ
զҸ䷨˱Ƚأǰұȵøһ㣿


46 ת磡
չƷɼץҶЦֲţ۾ƷζʲôҡͷԵĵţѪʢͣ쳣ʵʮ㣬ûκΰˡ治ﱥӨȻԭĻķǷǳаɡ
չƷ΢΢۾ҶЦ֮мҶЦ֮һأͬǰһ㣬ϸţ©
ռĻ֮ȴ̽ʱ򣬽񹦵ܣԶء
һŹڼΪ֮߹ķһԶԶԼĹ̽⣿
ˣչƷɻڽӴĹУ΢Ĳ֮ͬ
һ̣Ȼһ
ԣⲻ壬ԲǣչƷĿһն˵԰׵ϣȻһ˼˿ĺΣĺǣ㿴ˡ
ǣô᲻ǣܰɣФĺЩ˼˵۲ĺϸ׶ʹ˵еûг롭
ûгȻģΪǾת塣չƷɳһĺǣһοǴһ鱦Ȼ˵ӣҲֵõģǾת壬壬Ҫѵã
ʣνʮ״γ֡չƷɵĿڴĶҶЦֱͺҪǰСһһ¶ȥ
ʮǰģûмأҲ˵չƷһص˵ϵ¡һ޶
ѹ⼸ɾ˵һҪɱֻΪǱ̣ȻѾ㹻Ƕֵɣû뵽ӾȻӵһʡת磬ǱΪҪѵõġӱ󣡡
Ϊ³ۻʣȴ츳ɣӰޡչƷĵͷطſҶЦ֣ҶԸҺ󣿡
ҶЦ޸̣˴˼ʶ̬ºҪ˵䲻Ը⣬Ͼ͵ñһ⣡
ôᣬʼջҪӦġ
Фдô᲻Ը뺮ǽҶЦƽĻشȴҲЩ֣ôʲôתأչƷɣôԼתģЦɣ
ҶЦȻжȴ̲ס˹ӣԼ֮в鿴һ¡
һҪ֮״ȴԼҲǴһ
ԼڣĿޣӨȻϣһ壻Ǵ˵֮еľת磡
ʲô֮Լڵһʱȷ츳ʣԼ⸱Ҳ֮ϵ츳㲻ϣȻ񹦵Ľ֮£ȷʵ˼ȵɱɱΪʣʣȻҲ֮˵ʣʣת磬ȴһңɼľ롣
˵ת֮ʱļԼڷ֮ǰٶȼԼ壬Ϊʲô
뵽ҶЦĵ׶Ȼһ
ѵǵʱġǴη׽ٵϴٶȸҵʣҶЦͻȻԼڽ׽ϴʱԼڵͻȻУһ̣Լȫ͸״̬
һεıʵ״ҶЦĬĬĵ
񹦣ӵвϸʵЧܣǴ֮׽٣Ҳ֮
׽߱죬ȴһ;ͬԴֵ֮ʱͬʱãԵɺϲĳ䣬Լʵľ˱仯
ȥòҲֻһܹԼǰʵľ޴죬ȻҲо׽ϴȴûгָıʵ顣
ҶЦͷת԰һ¡
ҶЦȻƽ⣬Ǻͬ뺮ţ˵֮󣬾ԵЩˣչƷɶԴЩ⣬ѵҶ߻֪Ǻĵλ괫еĳɣ֮УҲϵĳţѰſԱģ
˿֮ȻܹϳɵţҲʮȴǰʮ֮У
չƷüҪ֪ҪףŸոշܹ뱾ǽνƽĪĸԵС۽ޣȴǧҪĶͲźã
ҶЦٶ޸̣ҿֲеһҲ˵˾ֻǰʮѣѾćNɪëƱǿκβѾΪӻѾִϷô


47 Ů
ȴӦףȴѼ죬һú׵ĻԵ
£ʵǲòͷ
չƷۼϵӦԵ壬ǫ񣬴⣬תͷФĺǴӵ飬򲻿˵֪һ·ʮӣҲҪ·й¶ߣɱ⣡
ף¹ش󣬴δϢƣФĺԴ֮Ӧ
չƷɵͷúãӱؽǱϣڣڵǿеʱղԶӣٶתҶЦҶԸݱΪʦô
ҶЦʶסˡ
Ϊʦ
ɶô⣿
쵰
Ҳٻ쵰һ㣬Ȼô뷨
ǰǿͷ쵰Ҵϴ̵һҵʹҪͷ񣬾ԳΪѾĻܻôȻҪͽܣҪ˱ʦͽһЦôĥ
ҶЦȻֵĲԸ⣬ڡǾ仰ʽǿ
֪λػĵڣȴФĺԱߵ˵չʦ壬ôЩס
չƷһۣкβף
Фĺǵ˵ˣƳŵӣŸĶ󡭡Գ츳̣ž̫ϳϣҲδزᶯġ֪ʦǰ֡
չƷɿйŹֵġһ
漴Фĺǽ˵˵ˡŵӣ츳ΣһҪԵѡĹ̡̻ûʼ԰Ϊͽһƥ䡭˳ԵΥʦ屾ģ֮
չƷɫ˲˼Σںһŭ˵˭ɱǺĵӣ˭ô󵨣
ղһǰͽܣòת⣬չƷЩŭǣһƤŭȻҪҸĿ귢й
ФĺɫȻ£ֻšͳͳзݣ
չƷɵ˰۾һ£ԼȻҲеˮȴϾڵϣȥ˼鷳¾ͻᱻ˵
˼ת֮£ɵһӥӶЩ˵²˳٣ٸϻţϸţ
չƷǰˣ඼ǵԪ֣ÿһ˵ʵֻ΢ѷɫФĺǡȻڡʮʧ£ѾǶ
һʧʮԪˣ纮ȳţκγţҪһ
ڣߴȫҪٷɽŵ״ˣҲֻ㣡ФĺǶԴȻŭģƣȴҲ޿κΡ
һɽ˹ȻȴҲȥӲҪǿȵö˼ŵĻɽԿһŵĻɽ˲޿ɱ⣬ҸԷĻɽƲˣ̸α𣿣
ֻԶ滮ˣڵǰͬФĺڣһ˰˸Ԫֻţʣµһǧ·̣ߵú˵ˡ
ݣ֣ҲδظҶҲδò˴Ԫֵʵٵˣȴ̫ʧԲŹȻ˿£ֻΪһӵӴ̵ĳӣȴǵòʧ
˵Լ߻ħء
ȻߵһƬִ٣һŮײײĳ˳ԶԶʹеҪȥ
Ů֪ӣĻңһӵһǴ˱ѣദ˿ڣѪȪӿ
㣡
ҴǶʮһͬʱĿְ״ƺ޲ҪŮʱʬΣйͷ֮ޣ
Фĺϱ˲ʱúֻ֣˵ǺܹŹ֡
˭չƷɰѩĿȻ˵ȴҲǹŹֵĺܡ
ȴΪڵһʱͿŮݣԪƷǿߵĳľȴҲɵ˸һ¡
Ů֮ǰԱɹưФʦ壬žڤɣµģһλӱߵؽе񣬾װһӣѵҪٹʼʩ𣿡
ߣΪҵɵôôϵ
ҶЦü˿Фĺǡ
⼿ǶԸˣһж쳣Фĺǣǰ֮ʹѵȴ뻹ҪԲˬ
ФĺϺܹ֡ŹֵıԾɳˣĿΨб˶˵ǸŮӡ
չƷתͷФĺǰΣųĺǡ㣬ô
ФĺǱչƷһѣһ£ɬĵʦ塭
չƷɳ̾˿۾ԼȥɣһСġ


48 ΪζҺã
ҶЦһֱԹۣʼնûпڲԡ
ֻǴһ仰ͲжϳչƷΪŮݣԲŻ˵֮Фĺǵֻ֪úҪǡһмФĺǵŮ
Ż˵ФĺԼȥһһСġ
һλֶһֺǻݣѡ
ФĺǻǰչƷȻں棬δУȴѾĺ˸֣ḧŽſֵܳʡ
ҶЦԶԣҪŮҪָ͵ϮФĺǵĻФĺǱû䱸ܷӦˣ治˵ŮʹʲôֶΣֶǶôĿףֵһ̣ȻФĺԾ᲻֣չƷȴһüֹ
ֹκ顣
նɱ
飬룬һȫ䱸ĵԪƷֶԣû⣬ûѶȣ
չƷˣǰȫģ
չƷɶŵӵİФĺǵİȫĹģǷǳĵġҶЦ۲쵽á
ʵϣһ·һֱԹۡźǱ˴̸֮飬ƲǵĹϵȡ
ФĺǡչƷԼϣӴĳš
ҶЦԭ֪УűȻޱаģֻӦ˵ȻĿǶթǿʵʿ֣ȴǴȻ
ڵ໥֮䣬Ľʣȴһûкޡ
һŶԣֱһڲ˼
ȻԼǸǰУչƷɣԸֿɰġظһ棬Ҳôʵɼ˿α
ôˣФĺ߹ȥЩʹĶ־ʹǸŮͻȻ̾Ϣһôôصˣ
ղŻֻԶԶĿ⣬ŮദѪȪӿм񼣬ȷŮǱˣҶദ˿Ϊأ˿ɼ֮⣬ˣƣǷٶãǲˣŮֻ
ФĺȻŮ״˵ΪΪŮˡ
Ů˫һֱעţãڴһǰ桭ǰ汻סǣǲҪȥ
Фĺǵʱ
һ̣һ֡ϻοοо硣
οġ֪˵˲µնıǡŮԼģ
ҵģǰΣգ
һʱ䣬ФĺǾǸоԼõŮТһ㣬ۿʪ
סըҩôФĺǵЦЦô֪Уһˣô£֮ǰǸҪԶܺ쳾մȾ˼Ѫô
ըҩף࣬Фĺǰ㶼ûзϣ˿ΨһĵģֻŮˡ
ǹġԼŮ汻۸ˡԼ׵ܲʣôܲΪŮֻһ
ŮţФĺǻУͻȻһʵΪʲôôô֮ǰɱ֣ǶǴ˵еĲ֮
Фĺǵ嶸ȻӲһ£ĬãɬĵҡһŮҲءãһģһġ
Ů֮£۾һӵɴˣĶФĺǡ
ФĺǼ״̾һƫȥеȴڳϵŮ룬߾ȫΪŮƸơ
һˡΪϴûɱ㣬û񡭡һΣҸȼߣֻڼ̾ڵȼ˳ǾۼǧףһȼҲעҪһġұˡ
Ů˵ҡҲȥǵ
Фĺ˿ȻͬͿʼ׷ɱ㣿
ŮɬЦЦǵġֻҲû뵽ٶֻߣûר̱ѶʲôǼȻˣҪ֪һΨһҺõˡȻҵĿꡭ
ФĺǱ˱۾ʹࣺ֪ҲףˣֻҪܻţ˭ء
Ůϵʱֳھε飬ɬԲҡ
ӰһչƷѾվ࣬Ѿˡ
Фĺǵǵģֻ廹˶ദ𣬱Դˡ
չƷָӵɫֶʵλŵĺ⣬ˣһҪ֪ʲôطˣʲôطģ˭ѧ似С֮֯еһУҶҪ֪¡
߸ϣ˲ɡݿܵζ
ƺԼȷԼֻҪʳˣһܹõش𣬶һҪȫ棬ƣĻش
ҶЦһߣü


49 ҶЦ֣
չƷֳƨļһƢǲϲʵЩ⻹ķǳҪ˹غ˽ֵϸֻһصǣŮϺгһлܣ޿ģӵдıǮ򣬾ФĺΪòֻ飬չƷȴ϶ϲһʧкФĺǵ˴ڣ
Ůɪһ£ԥƬ̱Ҷ֪֯١һܻسġڴ֮ǰŮӣҳú񡭡ֻǺ̭ˡ
չƷɽؿڵǲһרѵɱֵĵط
ǡŮ΢
չƷȻŮĻȤ˼Ƭֵ̲ղᵽ˵㳤úŮӣ̭ˣ
Ůǵġ
չƷ׿죬Ĭһ£Ҳ˵㲢֪ܻʵʲôɵģڣһγֻǵһִ񣿡
ǵġŮȻԵЩζˡ
Ȼһ˺£Դ治һʹҲ֪ôƲЩģһ㡭
ԴΪܺʹչƷɣ˿̵ɫѾ׺
üƺʲôһʱ䣬ȴֳٳûпڡ
Фĺң˼Ҳ֪β˵ֻһ˼ĸŮ
һҶЦڣͻȻʵĸؾжأ
ŮֵĿ˿ܴҲ֪ݡ
ҶЦһܴжأһô
ֻ²ֹءŮ˵ֻڵǸɽȣˡ֪ڵĵطɽٻĸ
ţҲ˵Ǹأӵܹʮ˵ĹģҶЦͷһۣʵһץȥӦöСɣ
ǵġ
ЩСӣ˶Ǳ˴֮䳤÷ǳɣҶЦٴʵһƿڵĹŹ⡣
ŮԥĻشǵģǵСʱܻļһ֡
ֻѵһʱ֮ǳ֮󣬸ÿ˵ʷֳ֮󣬶Щ̭ģʹʧˣԲԣҶЦʵ
ǵġ

ҶЦԽԽŮشҲԽԽ죬˿ԥ
ԴҶЦʼڷʼչƷɾס죬ţ˼ţҶЦԽԽ࣬չƷɵɫҲԽԽѿ
ֻǣżҶЦȴǴı˻ĲãתͣȻŻ룬ѾЩˡ
һԴôģ˼·˵͸ˣ΢֪ô
ԼܹʳЩ⣬ΪԼдʣһһʣҶȴô뵽ʵģңʵ⣬Ȼкܶ඼Լû뵽ȴǹϵشԶġ
Ǵϸ΢ĵطȴеʵһĶ
ֲǣǿɾɲ
Ҳ²ûдĻЩ似ٵоˣʵҲϵãԷֵʱ򣬻棬ʱıԼòǸͲ֪ʵòΣԲԣҶЦʵ
ǰЩô֪ģŮУ𾪣Щ£ôܹ٩٩أƲ
ţ֮ǰû˳񣿡ҶЦʵ
еġ
಻ࣿҶЦ׷ʡ
ʱͦģ꣬رࡣŮ˵
ţô֮Уûʶģ˵Ϥģ
еġ
ǳЩˣȥ𣿻˵ʶϤУûƵģҶЦĿע
ûУûظΪгˣһûлȥŮһδúңݡ񾡶Ե÷ǳˡ
֮ǰֵ֪Ŀϸ𣿡
ȫ֪ٵ֮ǰһ֪Ƕַԡ
ȥǸɽȣ֪Ϊֹ·ô𣿡ҶЦʵ
仰չƷɺФĺǵӶȻһ¡
ؼ⣬Ҫ⵽ˣ
֪Ůҵ˵Ǹɽȵʱֻðꡭô꣬ûγҲȱѨιʳҩ˻ԲѣȫȻ²֪ʱѾİĵطһЩ״νӴ磬Ͳ֪βܻȥ۾λá
ţ֮ʲôϵʽ𣿡ҶЦʵ˵ţǺţֻ˵Ǳ־ܹ࣬ϳ֤ǵݵĶ
ûֶŮа취ҵңͱ֮ǰλһöռָö㹻ǵȥĲȥˣǲŲһ죬ǾҵңҼִ񣬷
ʲôأ˵ı֣ҶЦʵ


50 ΪŮ
ҲǵˡʲôǵáҲ֪ԼʲôҲ֪ԼʲôŮɫݣֻǵãһ֣Ȼ͵ɽ˵֣ӴԺ󣬾ͽء֪Ӧýʲô
Ů黩
ôɽôŮ棬ĳֳƺôڵĳƺҶЦʳһҪ⡣
Ůһ£ڵеģݵıţǡǧپʮ
ǧپʮ
֣չƷɵʶһ£֮ͫһ
Ŀ²ȣ֣ʵ̫Ӵˣ
֯Ѿ˳²ҶЦԼ֮ҲеЩëȻ
ôģֻ߼Щ֮ͬУûиúģҶЦ˵ţָָչƷɡ
չƷһͷߣڵûŮ
Ůͷ˿չƷɣҡͷûС
ҶЦٶȡšһˡ֪ǰʲôҪ䷢ʵģ
չƷɡ
չƷҪ˵ʲôȴֻ̾Ѿʵϸ˶ʮ⣬㹻ˡ
仰ĿȻЩꡣ
Ŀ˿ҶЦЩԸ˵һ仰ȻǺη
ǰ̤һվŮǰԾԾӸµ̬ȵʵѾͷԺʲôطȥ𣿡
ûУȥҲᱻҵġŮչƷɿνǷĵĿ־塣
һֱһα񣬻ɢɱ
Ҳû˰ɣչƷɷʵ
ûˡ
ܻ̿𣿡չƷ
ҡŮŵ÷
˵ܺ£չƷɡ
ҡȴŮݱŵô
ҿԸ㰲Ÿȥ԰ĵȥ֤ᱻЩҵΣչƷ΢Цһ¡
ֻ΢ЦŮȴħЦҪĿɲ
ǸӥӣȻϲͣĶ¡
˵ĻŮԣ֮Ǵ˼ʣȴɭɭһĿɾɲ
һߵҶЦЩƣһ׻᲻ЦЦЦúܳѿֲܿҲԲëЦôţȴҪˣĲˣ
ҡһܡȥŮĿڳݲ壬ɫ˺ԵһƬ԰ףڸǱչƷŵı˳׵ĲҰס
ɱˣһغչƷһָФĺǣǷģһ׾Ư¿꣬˺òҸϱû꣬ҲɱˣȻһŮŮڳʮ߰ʱҲɱˡ
Ů״ľһФĺǵ񣬶ʱǸ⡢ͬ飬ˡ벻ԼЩλǿߣһӾȻңʵ˶ⶡ
ҲûʲôĵطȥԼ˵ﶼᱻٿЩҵҲһȥͱɱҲ˵
չƷȻ˵ˣҲΪʲôƴ㣬òŮһӣһԵӽԺԾ͵ŮԾɽءһͷӣһŮá
Ůһ̧ͷֵչƷɡ
չƷɭɭ˵ô㲻Ըô
һҲãϷݣ˼ʱչƷôһ˵ֱͬҪΪ潣ǿŮ̷һ㡣
Ů񣬻תվ۽Фĺǵϣ¶ӡ̿֡ิԼһ˿εѵӴԺҾҪмôҪеˣ
ФĺǶǰһУҲЩţĻûʧһϣȻǼҪ˵ʲôȴȿ˼
ԵƺҲżֲڼɬʵŮ㣬Ը𣿵ԸϷΪ常ô
ŮĽҵĲ˾Өˮһ־ͻҸζϮͷ˵ĲҡġҪ
Фĺᣬ׾Цţȴ쳣֣صءص˵ͷ
Ůţֱ˵ͨһ˵ϣġϵĿ˾Ÿͷһ˿ׯ϶ʥȴǾҵĲŬĿԼȥˮȴǻءݼ常
ФĺǼ״ЦȴǷ£СĵĲŮӡӴԺү򡭡Ϊ
ӴԺ常ФФءءФĺҵĺӡ
ԸܵĵĹذŮ̲סпرסޡ
ӽԺŮҲˡ
Ҳ˼ҡ
˵
ָоá
⻹ԼһνгƺȻ⼸֣ԼУҹ˾ʱѲֹһεĽй
ȴû˻Ӧ
죬ˡ
мңˣи׵ĸоô
ã
ФĺҲӿһһ˵ǰжΣգӽԺ󣬵Ҳܵ˺
Ϊܵκ˺
仰Ƿһ㣡
Щ
ǶڤڤеŮԣı֤


51 չƷɵһ棡
һߵչƷɣҲٶ¶ЦݣȻͷô٣
ȴ֪ΪܺͰЦݣٶɵˣʵЦݣ̫ɶˣ
ФĺǱ׾ԼڴţڽָзңӦõӦõġ
һңһ̲סݺᡣ
һԵҶЦعǰһĻ۽ע⵽һִٳĻǰչƷɣУȻ¶һĽȻֻһ
չƷɣΪФĺǵʦ壬ʦֶһĲʹ֪ܲ
ʱգԵɺ֮£ôһᣬԾ͸ɴԼһִˡ
ˣҲǷһ׮ͷ¡
˿̣ФĺǸŮӵԼҲΪ֮ȴ̲סĵ׻䣬ЩˣЩĽֻȴѹĵףЦ״
ФĺڱƵչŮչƷɶζ״һı飬ġҶүȥú̸̸㽲ƹʣ㿪磡
չƷǰߣҶЦںš
Ҳ֪ôҶЦǰʱʱչƷɣǺءҲηģټһȻҪ쵰£
ڣչƷɲһµһȴ
ΪҶЦظоչƷɱֳ֣һαװֻһΣ˿ѳߵչƷɵıӰǹ¼šɪȻһζ
ȻıԾֱͦ
ҶЦ˿̵չƷȴԳһֽһǷϸо
ٲ֮ǰһһĸо
ҶЦͻȻоԼƺ뵽ʲô
ɲǼ䣬Щ㯡
չƷˣǰԼ֮ʱԼӡսթݶѪ᣻ΪĿĲֶΡ
һͷԭеĹһ׺ݣбǺһƻ
֮ܶԶ֮ԹԵһ棬һû
˿̿չƷֳģΣҶЦȻܹо˵Ĺһ֮ˡ
ԴˣȻԲ̱Ű֮£ԴԼˣҲܹĵ΢ĵزصķʽȫԼӵԸ
ڶФĺǡ
ҶЦеĸӳ̶ȼ㱼˼ͻȻǰչƷɵǳս
չƷñ˵ڻڱԼһɲǣͻȻðһԼĴȡ
ѪŽ
ҶЦƺܹоԼϾһĪʹУԴĵףԴԼ䡣
սУսѵڻشˡȻȷֺݶȴҲԶ׼
СԼشչԼڻһ˲֮ǰһ˲Ŀ⣬жԼ޺⣬ȴҲжΪϺ޵Ĳ
ҶЦȴ֪ѵһĻȴҲ˼չƷɿ
ǰչƷɲ֪ʱͣ½ŲһζĿҶЦŲ飻ȻǶŵĺСҶȻʱ񣬸оЩ˼顣
ԼҪǰƹʣӦû裬˷ôôȴһȻʧµ飡
СʲôչƷ䣬߲ʣߴʤĿ
ҶЦѾչƷֱ飬̬ȣʵȫֻչƷɵһαװѡ
ˣ֮ͶƢˣѻܿ죬һǺΪԷ뿼ǵˡ
֮ڵչƷɣǲǰֻڵĻҲչƷΪΣ˵ѣȻǾֵýˣ
ҶЦֻղ¡
չƷɵŶ
ҶЦЦЦФϹȻһ¿࣬һʦΪ룬չǰȻһָơ䣬ģᣬ˵ı˶Լһ棬ֲФϴźµĴò壬һǷǳƯ㴦ַʵֵζȻǰĿΪֲФϵź˳ˡ
չƷĿעţ㾹ȻĥһΪһ¡
˵գȻǶҶЦⷬĻд
ã̾ϢһֲܹһźôǺǣһźÿһźܹлֲ
ĿǰһƬþòһԡ
ϦգƬҶϣȻӳɫĹâƬҶƺҲ֮͸
ճյؿҶβͷһ㡢س̾˿ƺ³һ꣬˵ֲǲҪ˵ʲôԪ֣ǡɣԸˡ


52 õʧȥ
ҶЦжȻһ£һ̣ͻȻΥľӦҲ̲ס̾ϢһȻǰһԼÿ£ʮа˾ţֻҪ˻ţǰߣܻ̫̫಻˳ģ⣬źѡ񣬶ȵͷʱǻȻ֣ԭҾѴ˺̫̫ܶܶ࣬࡭
ԼѾЩõȴҲ޴׷Ѱ
˻˵пȻ̵ǡЩ֮еʱȴϧߡ˵ףһʧʧѡ񡭡
ȻڲϵصõȴҲϵʧȥõͻʧȥһڲʧȥһʱֵõһĻϲ֮УȫһãȻȥ
㷢ѾʧȥҪأҪֲʱ֣ᷢ㽫ȫȴҲע޷ȥǸѡ񣬶ʱ򣬻֣ᷢʧȥĶȣʧȥʱõǸȴε΢
ҶЦҲĿעչƷעŵһƬҶ֮ϣ֣ǽɢˣǡƽգС˶һͲͬ
ƽһУΪʳΪ˹æµʱϱͿʼƴΪ˽ǮΪ棬Ϊ˵λΪҪõһ֮תͷˣഺŮѾ˻ţѾƤ׷ĿѾڤ·
ΨеǸʱ򣬲Ż֣ᷢӵеҲƣ˳ɾͣȴҲʱϲˣͬȫȫȹǿӣֻһ졭
ӵӵʱȴڲģüΪǰ;Ǯ;ģΪ˳ɾ͡Ϊü
ߣ˵ģҶҶЦ·⣬͸ҶѿһֱɳҶΣд̣ٵݻƣ䣬ʼûаܣֻܱʼ飬̹Ȼŷ˪ѩκεǳ࡭

ҶЦһ̾Լⷬп
ĳ
һߵչƷɣҶЦտʼ˵ʱ򣬱һɫľҶЦ˵չƷɵϱ飬Ҳڲϵı仯
ͬȻ꣬׷ڣȻ
ƺҶЦ˵Ļһ»عһ飻ʱ˿̣ϵı飬ֻʣŤˣʱܷһҲƣ
ֹãչƷ㲻ƬҶô֪ƬҶûи飿
ô֪Сһֱɳڣھ籩ʱûжҲʹ˵Ŀ־壿
ÿһƬҶڳһöѿʱû̫磬Уȴǿģصģ˼˪ƬҶΪ˱ԼΪܹ֦ͷϵسɳԼľ˸Ӵ׳ͣҲ磬Լȫһ𣬶Կ籩꣬ԿܹΣ˺
ȻҶݵ֮УҲ̫̫Ĳס
չƷ˵ƺػָˣЦһ˵ĵҲڽϣʱһ˵治ôһƬҶ
룬ƬҶ˶пһ֪ɣȻڽϣɱˡܹ˵ģȴֻзĺظǡֻǣ죡
࣬ɵˣһ㾭飬ͽѵҲͽ˶ѡ
չƷɳ³һһƺѾеƣ갧һ³ࡣ
ֹ¾еฺһҲƣֱֱشгȻһ֣֮ǧͺ
һƬҶҲûˡ
ղһƬ޸лҶ
Ȼ޳޳һп˹עƬҶڣ˵صҶ߻һûվֻΪһɲǹ鳾
һ̣չƷתҶЦؿţ벻СӲССͣȻҲôĸѵڳĽҲ
ҶЦЦղᵽ˻˵п˵ĸδжϵؼǡһ֮У顣
Щˣ߾һʱ֮䣬ˣ
Щˣǻǧ꣬ԾǣԾɱһŴ֮ģΪûоʲôĥѣĲơ
ҡ߿СұϾǷˣľͬˡҶЦˮ׼ڵңΪǳ֮ҲǿȥǸ磬ȴҲưԣٶ壬Ⱥף޵С𡣡


53 㿴ʲô
ͣﵽĸ߶ȣҪ飬Ҫս𡭡ٷ֣ܹΨ飬򡣡
չƷɳĬһ£仰˵õĲҾˣСӲˣ½ġ
ܹͣ򣬳ʳ֮⣬Ҫм׵ľ飬ĥѣ϶ϲһܹġ
ҲѹָղܹʳЩ⡣չƷ˵ţ۾ͻȻһľ⣬ôҶʳЩ⣬õЩش֮пеõʲôֻۣ뵽ʲô
ҶЦϸϸ룬صԼйһ飬ڿڣչǰ˵ղŵһҵĵһӦֻëȻֶѡ
Ŷ
£ʵ̫ˣµû׷ȥ
ôڴˣչƷɵɫ
ǰ룬ǸŮԣԭмòƵĻ顭̭ˣν̭⣬Կһ棬ȴҲ˵ˣģĿһͬʱõǸ
ŮڵʹΪ˶ԸФФĺǡҲûĿˣ
ǹһˣȻкܶܶ࣬ͳƴţǧپʮͿɼһߣɱ֣нʮֹ֮
޿ɷϵǣÿһˣһضĿ꣡ɱֵĴڣΪ˶ԸѾ趨ԵǸˡ
СͿʼˣ߳úǸĿӣŮǶӣֻİͽܡҲĿĳʲôˡ
ЩΨһĹͬ㣬ҪȡǸѾȥģΪǻŵĻνԣ㲻ǺãЧҲȻҪСࡣ߻𵽷Ҳδ֪
ԣֻҪ˺ʵ֣ô滻ġõǸ˵òҪʧֻʧˣһʱ֮󣬲ܹó
ҶЦ˵ⷬеȴƵģզ֮˸о쳣ҡ
ˣǸˣĿ꣬Ǹơ
չƷȴʼڷǳңȫˣĵͷ֮ģ˵
δɱФϵΪФ֮⣬ڳеӷͻĲΣˡŮĴ𣬼Կ϶һƭ֣һ壬һδɱФȴƫƫԾԶ̤壬º룬ò˼飬Фϵ˶ܿ׵飬ôῴأ
ʵϣФҲڵһʱͶƭ־ȻҵʱФߣФϳʱȫĴ־˭ȥһЩַ֮ɱ֣ǡ
һءΪ㣬ȴǴФϵľĵĲ֣ФȻ֪Ůɱ֣ɱģ֪ŮȻأŮһģһʵȴһϵҲûУΪŮأøȥŮһģһѾԶһУ
͸ˣФУϴɴܹǸʲô涾žڤɵҩҲФѾˣɱ֣ɱɱֶԣνɹġ
ڣФϴ֮ʣҪ˷ŹǸɱֵŮöպȻФϵ⣬ȴҲδǴһֳһɱֵĿ£ƾĿı£ֻҪĶͲᡢ̶ĵں֮ɱ֣
һ㣬Ӵ֯ϧķټЩ˵ڡĳ˵Уﵽɱ˵Ŀģصľɱ֣ܱ֮ܵùÿõ
侹˹ֲ˹ģɱ֯˷ʱ˼ȴ쳣Чֶּɱ֣⣬ᵥ
Ȼɱѵصһؼȴڣģ
ɱֵعҲʮ֮ϡ
Ҫѵʮɱ֣ҪˣҶЦҲһӴԴ
УѵЩˣÿһ˶ĿģĿֶ꣬ǽա൱ʵĸ֣ҪЩ֣ɾһ׵顣Ϊһκη紵ݶͻЩ˵ľЩ˵ľһ˶ǿٱοʮΪϢ
ԣɱѵ֯󣬻ӦôһӴ󣬸ܣЧʵ鱨鱨ĸ棬޿ɹƣҲȲֹǸ¡


54 ëȻ
չƷһֵ˵ͷʾϿҶЦ˵
Դһۣܼܲһ㣺ФϵŮǲ˹Ϊ֮Щɱģ
Ǵһȥô˵ЩˣӴ֯ΪǿѵɱַãǻҪ֣ʵ׵֣Щʹڵͬ׳Щ˼Ҿ硭ΪҲֻ˼Ҿ磬ŻᴥҡЩֵľ
ҲΨ˲ڽжУӦеá
Ҳ˵Ҫһȫеɱ֯
⻹ֻһ棬һ棬ȫ׼ÿж⿿Щɱ֣ԾɲԳ£ФǴɱ֮еߣʵϣǴɱֵ㣬һ䡮ءФδػעˣȵФϽӴѾӽˣ֣ͬͬСɣҲ൱ʵ˲ɱ֣
չƷֵ˵ͷɫѿˡ
ԣ֮˳ʮ˵ɱ֮⣬Ӧûһ֧ȫǸֹɵɱ֯ʵʩЩ飬ɱ֡
⣬ҪѵʮˣҪ൱Դ֮⣬ҪԺסޣԴָԴ˼ֻЩɽ֮УعƣҲгʮͷ
ټ鱨ûжʮϵιɸ֮鱨
УЩذеɱ֯ʮˡ
ʵһӵа֮Ĵ֯
ҪЩ˵ճԴģÿһֻ¶һ֡ҶЦԣǱȻҪǮԴ
ʱж̣ȴҲ˽⣬ƽ裬ֻҲǽһһȼҪõΪѣǡҪԴҪȴԪʯ
ԣ֯׽ȻӵмӴҵܹάճ衣
Ҫһܹ㵽Դһ㶼ӦǿһЩУЩʵܸߣھȡԴⷽ棬ȴȻ˲š
ֻǵЩΪЩԳ֯޴Ұġ
Ȼֻһʲô紵ݶĳһ֣չ˱֯ͻἴʱܲסԣеЩ󣬻Ӧôһǿϣмۺʵܡ
ۺϵۡ²⡢ڵ񽭺ϣܹӵʵܹЩģһҲûмҡҶЦһ˶ߴɣ⼸еһҡ
֮⣬ҲûбʵܹҰģ
˵䲻ģ䣡
ҶЦһϵǰеϢԶԣˣĲҰȫЩļˡʦˡѡʾɡ
ҶЦ˵仰ʱչƷɵϼͻȻʹؾһ£ƺȻ߬סˣֳŤļʹࡣ
оǣ֯ȻĿŵ˸ŵмϣǵͼȻСǵɱˣҪɱ˭ʱͻɱ˭һȫΪĳԶĿ񡭡Ŀ꣬뵽ģƿ򣡡
ҶЦһۡ
˵нֵߣǵ߳ɣ߳ɵİգЩ˵ߡΪٺݶûԵˣҲдһ棬ԼĶŮֵĸĸϾǾԵ
⣬ǻڣ
һ֯Фɱ֣ô򣬱ȻһƬѪȷ֮У
ʱ򣬱Ȼ̫̫Ĳܱܵǿߣ˵ĸ֣Ԫ߲㡢۷ߡô׵䡭
Щ֮󣬱Ȼȡ֮ҶЦĿƣ纮һ죬еԪϵĸȫˡôô죿УЩûģֻθ룬˵ģΣলľԱԼĵǣҵǸˣܻԼɱ֣ʲôǿεģ
չƷҧҪôһ죬ֻеһУᱻ̲Ӵ˻ҷٲҲûзĻᣡ
ǵģ֯ĿꡣҶЦһҲ˵ЩشʱðģֻëȻ
ίʵƽģıҰģпᡢûԡɥļƻ
ҶЦһֵһı˿˿ۣν񶾣ϵ£Ĳ߻û֮һ


55 Ӵı
ȻȴֲòϣʮԽûһܹȫƿأ֯ŵĲԷ룬ֻҪһжȫ֮ʣƱؽУʵ֮࣬Ǹ֯ҪһͳŲֻʱѣ֯ǰ޹˵Ŀǰ֮£֮ϣȴкأ
չƷһʱûп˵֮ͻȻݺݵһ˳ȥ
Ȼеȫ޴ӷйŭ޼һȫĿķȴʹȫ
ͻһƣƾһȻը죬ǰ·ԲʮһƬ֣˲ʱ嵹£ݻ٣ĴɲǼ仯쳾ԶԶ׷˳ȥ
ǵڴˣϸһɵĳ֣Ŀģ
֪ĸ֯ɵģȻ֮״ݻ٣նչƷҧһ߸߹𣬺ݺݵȮ
ҶЦ˵Է߻֮µĹģӴ󣬾ôСģҲջ˿ѭģοѾ֣ȻԽ֪ѭ羿Դ
ʵ֮УʸģҲôô
֮ǰȫڹаȻڼȻ˶ԷĴڣ֪µĻΣͬԷѾˮ棬תΪаôֻҪŲϸڣȻˡ
Ͼɲһܹ顣
Ҳһ˲ܹеĶ񶾡
ж̣ʮĳ֯˽޵úܣȴǲһɵֶΣȽأչǰȴܸöеͷ˿һʱԶۣϸ˼֮󣬵ĵá
ҶЦģһһ˵
չƷĿһԴе
£ǵȻصɣźڡչƷɺݺݵһжӴ֮йµһˣҪȫ˱Ÿ߲㳤򲻵ٸκ˵𣬷򽫻Լɱ֮
ҶЦͷʡá
չƷɲ˵ҶЦҲᵽ˵ɵ𣿣
Ӵıǣ˽еĶ֣ƾԼ΢ĩΪ֮УַӾܻҷˡ
Ҫ˵ԼչƷɱóóȻԼȥµʼĩôܶʱھͻڷϢ֡
ԴˣҶЦһҲɡ
ҿչƷȻưƨԴԸԸߣȴҲûвǵȲ֪ߵغصĵز֪²һܹ漰ģҪصʦųһ㣬չƷɻǺѵġ

һǰһ߳ʱҶЦȻأչƷȴܲ
ҶЦһ£ôӴıԲһγɵġԼ뿪Ҳһʱѡ
ǰԼݺ򣬾Ȼûзκε˿
ԼǰΪ˵ȴһ㶼û֯ܣͿɼһˡУԼǰġûйϵ
˳ֻФĺߵǸŮѾܹվӺҸЦݣ֮ǰˡ
˼ڽ˵Ĺأ
չƷФĺͬҸЦݣѿЦӣʶ˻
оԼȫ£ǲ̫ðʧˣ
ȻԷôӴ֯ܵļƻ񶾵˷ָıȴַֺģԣ΢ôôһ˻Ͷ˵Ӫ
Ȼһ仯ĸأ
ФĺǸδ飬ٰƴ̬أ
ľǻԵɺӳǸ֯ԸһԴФĺǣǸ֯һ©֮Ĵأ
¡Ӵ֮ŮֻҪһ첻ڣͻҹҹĻڱ׷ɱ֮С
ݡ
һ㣬չƷɿ֪Фĺұ䣬һҹϣһ겻񣡴֮󣬱֮һҫ۵ĸǣȴΪⳡʶȥ
һֱڣıΪʢ֮ʱǵûκδ˲˲١
Լָһϣ˵Фĺһ֮Уܹٶֵ֮ᡭ
һҲŮĻ죬ֻڲⱻɱء
£ФĺǾͻһңױ˺ģţ
ԷǸӴ֯ɱ֮⣬Ϊڶĸ֣ΪȷܣҲǲФؼģĵˣФرԪ׵ʵҪɱֻ֮һ˲䣬һεָĻԡ
֯㾡ȫһҪɱڵĻֻ¾ǶʵҲδܹסФȫ


56 ף
ФĺǾΥĻϲЦǳҸ񣬺εĸŮ
չƷ˵ʲô
˵ʲô
ܣң಻ʱ򣬴ܰĻ棡
ֻܽ˵ϲϲ
ȻóһöռָΪװʲô˾ö֪չƷɱˣ˿̶֪Щʲôһ̵ȫɵģȫᡣ
Ψһ֪ģиоģֻԼεĸɬԼԲԡ
ңչƷƽʱ˵УȻ˿̸һ㣬˵һûһöռָҲͲˣҶЦ֮⣬˭ҲûչƷɵĹϲжô޿κζ
ƺֻĿһ磬Ҳһ̣Ҳʵڲ֮󣬵֪һ㣬ԼȴǸ޷ֹֹ
Ҫǡǵ淢ԼⳡҪʼٸߡ
һ̣ҶЦоǺЩͬչƷɡ
ĵͬԼǰĳˡ
پˣôĿѵǴ˵еĿɺ֮Ҳп֮ô

ǰ治Զ׵ĵطˡ
ǰ˴Լʮ֮ФָǰһϿȵε˵
ָʾĵص㣬ྡǸɽֻмһͨͨɽȱ˶ˡ
ƬϿȵش˵ǵն֮
Ǵȫ߽ȥըҩһɽ֮ôһеʮˣΪߵĻܻ߳ȥ󲿷ͳͳҪ档
ĿҶƾǵСΪС壬עʮ޽ң
չƷɼ״üͷĿĵϸؿ˿ǰҾ۲һ£ͻȻһ⼿գڴ˵ţҵģ
˵һ˾ʹ˲ˡ
˴ԼʱĹ⾰Ż
ֻȴмôƮƮУ̬òǺƮݣ̫¶ۼ˰ɣ
չƷչǰôҲȫȻΪ磬㣬ȴȻһһŵĴͰһɽȥȥ֮ʣ׷ѣͰкȻ£Ʈ˶¡
һͰһͰĻͣ
չƷڸ߿нػ͵ľͰӳȥǰ󶪳ǧͰҲ֪ĻͣҲ֪λչǰǲݻר֮ǽɽȶ˺һ㣬Ĵʣް©
ԶƺΪⳡͻıʶһƬ
չƷһЦһ֣һ⣬һļ˳ȥ
˵һǿţһ⣬ʮɳɴϸӶܣܴ֮úӱѾϤǰֻһ˲䣬﷽Բؽ羡ǻ⡣
˼Ŀȥɼ֮УмӰǱ״ӡ
չƷ˫۱ǰעһĻĺչ
һ̣
䣡¡¡
һĺ춯һ¡¡
һ̣Ÿҵıը֮죬ӦڶԷõףһ̱ⳡͻĴϤ
䣡
һĢƣ˸߿գ
˵Ǵʱ죬ɼͷϾȻһ˱Ģųϸ߿աȼ˵ǧδ֮棡
ĢȻҲƣһϵƣܲһ
չƷɵòҲûôȴڻ֮ȥ˸߿֮ϣӭųˣֱӳϰɸ߿գһץץСһ㽫ǧδ֮ץ
漴ޡһָ˳ȥ
ղԶԶȥǸըɵļһƺģչƷɻΪΪߣ˴ģľޱűը֮˲ʱߣ֮ʣмСΨ⵽˷ɣ⼰Ӵץ֪Էʲô֣һĵù˶Ѿըˣһץֵֻһ⣬Ҫһϡõ֡
˲ãֻܵһֶģνǧδ֮棬ȴҲǣ
һ̣չƷֿʼһϿ
˿̵չƷɾͺһͷӥһ㣬ڿ۾Ҳӥ۾һϬֵעŻΧ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ҪܣһӲ۾
һܣ֮ͣʮɸ¡йŨ̺ôڣԴ˺ȫȻûиоһζڿһȦһȦķ
֪Էһ˻š
ܵļƻԲܾôӹɵġ
һͷĴڡ
ͷЩһǸ֡
ĴһʱȻԷʵǷ
ĴȻԷʵٸߣֻҪȥһܰǱƳǵԪ۷壬ҲĴʼձֲ


57 չգ
չƷڿ⶯
ڵЩˣҲţԼֻҪһһȥЪЪţЩ˾ͻ϶ӵѵץԷβ͵Ļᣬܹһ񣬷ŹԷ
ǰ״̬ڿгţƾһصԪעһе˿
ĲӥôõȥԾɻ۵ġ
ٹһʱ䣬չƷѾЩ֧Ųסˡ
Ľ߶ȡ
һչƷϣɽҰĴ֮Уһֱм˫۾
עһһ˿Ҳ©
ֻҪչƷһȥ߿չӵʧǾͻȥߣڣҲѾҪˡǻǼš
ʱ˿̣˫ѾһĽ
֣չƷһ֧Ųȥ滻Էпҵһ϶ݣһǶԷ֧Ųȥ¶м
ֻ˫ĸȴڣչƷɾ֧ŲȥˣڵϢܹõģҲֻһ߿϶һյѡ
һ֧Ųȥֻ·һ߱ɱ߱
Σڳš
ʵ⼸䵽⴦е޹ֻ˵̫ùԭĿ꣬һǳáΪȴֻԪ׸ոշСĿһֵҲФĺǣФĺ֮ǰһĴսУǵԪģжѾ޷ɶв
Ȼû뵽ǣһκȻӦôѸ٣ôɳӦ֣û뵽ǣɳӦΪ֮ˣȻչƷɡ
ȴ־ԲչƷɵĶ֣
һ䵽չƷɵܡ
Ҳע޷ٱסԼҪܡ
ûܹչƷ˱ƹ֮²˵ʵ
񣬿չƷߣ׹䣬ֵ֧ļ˾ϲɫǲܻһѾֻһ߿϶ҲãǶԣһ߿϶Ѿ㹻̫飬٣ʴ
Ȼʱ򣬵ͻȻĳ·
ʯͷ
ʯͷÿһ鶼ܴĿҲֻȭͷСȴֱɸ߶ȣĿȻչƷɡ
ţ׼ȷһ˵ʯͷĿӦչƷɵĽ£
鲻ʯͷչƷɴ˿̵ãֱӵױȵãһֱάŰȫƾһԼԪ֧֣֧Ѿάϵٲάĵزʵ֧Ųȥֻ׹زҪеһٴηڶ
ڿУ޴ţȻҲ޴ȻĿߵĴҲһ൱ңԶľ룬ô
չƷۼԼҲֲ֧ס޿κ֮ʣҪȥȴⷢ·ʯͷ
ʯͷ㣬òֻš
չƷɼ״ϲԵһƣ˫ʯͷϣһֻһ顣³һȻһֻԴظһƬĻ󳩡
ʯͷûΪչƷϣ׹£ϷɣȻͶʯͷǸˣҲǶȫ
չƷɻʱȫأȻɵĸ߶ȡ
ʯͷȥƾˣҪʱչƷɽżһʯ飬ʯǰ׹䣬չƷȴѾٶȽƷһͷӥһ㣬ڿм

ٲӥһ۾ܵĹ۲졣
취չƷȫԱ֤Լһ춼תƶֻҪܼʱṩʯͷ
ܹ㣬ǿ϶ģʡѶȡ
˸ʾ֮ľûѶˣ
ҪַѶȲ뵽ʽѣ
˵ʵڵģղʯͷ㣬׼ͷѣʵڲôŲһ˵ظɣˣ
ѾкܶˣФĺڣ˿ڼһĻ֮Ѿ׼ʯͷ
УǼ˳׾̾˿
ûκϣûκνҵˡ
ʵչƷɼ״һأӣǻʲôпˣϽԹͶŵһ
ȻڵľȻʣЩǲı͵ñչƷץס޵·
ΨҶЦҡҡͷûо½תһ⣬ߣ׹ӡ޼ɵȵͷԱ̬Զǻԣ˽ɱепϿǰЦֻҲչƷһ㣬ǰˣֻѡ
ʵϣǻһѡ񣬼ȲᱻչƷץסҲ鱻ɱң
ѡǡ
Уһ澡Ȼ̾һͻȻһ֣
ĿʣѼչƷɣǡԼ£ʹɱ֣


58 ϣ
žžž
죬£ް䱸رԼϴÿһϣͷ­棬˲ʱһϡãһԭòĶˣҽж
ģɱǣȴҲ͵һ߾ȪǧҵôܻϣȻֻһ˿һ©ҲҪ⣬Ȼ֣ʱĨϵƷͳͳٵͬռָҲһ
ԼƷѾһİıҲ飡
һУȲģݺģֱµȫҵϡãʬҲֳ˺ü֣ӽһУκһ©
ֻһĶʱ̣ȴѾ¶мǳֻɱ£ԪռָԪڹעһ˿չƷͲ֪ˡ
ϿյչƷȷĿĵһʱ䣬һХ˾쳤磬߷кĿ⣬ĵߡ
߲ЦһչƷɣñ£ü֣ƣϧԶ֪˭ģעշѹͽ޹
˵գԥѾȫΪۼϣһƺݺݵԼϣ
һƣһɷ֮߾ȻһԪ֣
һȻǵԴͬߵ壬ҲԼһƴó׷顭
߲ʬһ̯һ㣬ȥ֧顣
չƷ䵽֮УվǰʱѾһ⡣
Ҫ˵棬ԭʲôӵģ˼ҲѾˡ
Ψһģֻɱһ첲һֻ֣
չƷɼ״һһѾ첲նڽϣշɻأ
Фĺǵˣһֱڹעеı仯չƷɹ
ڣǰ󽣹һһ죬չƷɵӰৡһ¡
ž
һ첲ˤǰﶼϸ˼һоһֻ棬ûʲôɹ׷ķ򣬱˵̥ǣߣʲôĺۼ
ŮФؼ״ŵþһȻɱֶ֣ԸФĺǲŲĵһ񣬶еעΪƬ桢ƫģԶԶܺһɱᲢۣէ֣β£Ϊ֡
Фĺǵȴǲ׷ǰϸϸع۲ֻŸ첲Ķ֣ȥĿϣܹҵһЩ˿
չƷߵҶЦǰʯͷСȥİɣ
ҶЦȻô֪ѵǰǵעߵĶ
ǻﻹʲôֻءҪȥʯͷһôʯͷôС
չǰǿһҰһжˣǲǻеأ
϶ǿ䰡ǣЩ˸벻ôõע⣬˵ӼСһ˵ĺʹ
ҶЦȻӣֻʵôͻȻôͣȴǴģ
չƷȻ˵ϴ˸һɣлͶŪˣûлˣֻýҲˡ
ҶЦȻǮû
ǮչƷƺһЦܲ˵ʲôǮ
չƷ˵仰ʩʩȻˡ
ҶЦ
ҶЦͻȻ֣һҪЦҲѵһĺ֣ԼС
һۣȻ˵ǴȫʤԽһѰ֯ȴûиͬҶЦȺȺ˼棬оãûҵκõչƷɸɴཫǶ֫𣬴ţϣԽŸ߲㣬ܹз֣Ȼϣֹ۾ˣ
ڽһ·һֱص˺Ҳûκαʡ
һ·ƽƽƽƽ
ҶЦЩоӦˡ
ȻһõĵطǡԴչƷɵ֮ҶЦҪûߵĿԣֱӾͱһ㶼ûˡ
һ·ϣչƷɵעû뿪ҶЦһʮʱʮʱ϶ǽţעеģͺڹԼİˣҶЦ˵ʲôѵ˵ˣү}Ļţ
˵ˣأһԪƷֵСôģ
СӲ򵥰
СΪʲôô򵥣
ǲҪأ

ߵڵӶʱһƬ̾žȻɽˡ
ҶЦעĿȥֻǰֻһƬʲôûУֻӦ˵ʲô
չƷһȣŴһ̤Ȼ֮ŲνһȥԽԽߣΧȴֻŨŨԾʲô࣬׹֮УƳȻʣΪ顣
ҶЦһǰУомʵ֮أżǣ۾һ㶼
νŷգ۲ɼʶܲ죡


59 
ķɽˡһ̾Ϣڸоɽ찤ᣬҲȳȥҪǿ
ڵԾԳĬţ漴̾ϢƺǴҶʲô
ŨŨ֮Уѿϵı飬ȴƫƫܹһεˮ
һ·ϣôֵܣز˰
ɽ
ҶЦ֣ͻȻǰƺֳһӣźϿҵӣһ˵ŷɽʱһ챻һʮΣֱ˹ӡ
ҶЦ̾˿

һΪ㱨ģ
ҶЦڴģΪѪ𣬽֯𣬳
ҶЦ̾Եļӷ׷װοʵɽʱλҲôпˣΪϵͣٴ϶⡭ģֶ򣬽еġ
ԣҪ¡ɽʵûʲô˵ģǴ˻߰򣬽˶ѣձ˴ȻҲд˵ĻᣬǶ츳ŬһճΪ˵Ǹˡ
οŰοţһһͿʼֻ
ԭΪɽܱˣû뵽ʵǻҪҡûʽţžͷɽˡ
һ϶һ챻ٴΣ˭ҸҴġ
ޣ˭ɵ˲ŸأٴΣƼ¼ǿ϶ģɡ
ǵǵΣȷʵǰ϶ӹˡ
һ˵˵ЦЦУһͻȻ̾Ϣϧǡ
һ˲ʱ˾Ĭ
ǰУչƷɵĮ޳ڽɱˣɱ綼·ʲôɸ˵ģǸ˵ʱ䣬ȥɱʵãʵãˣҲǻã뱻ɱɱ˵Ǹô򵥴⣡
žʵ˾ã౧Թһòã̾ϢƨʲôɴһڼұӰɣ
ڵĬĬĸţλȴ˶һҪĳ嶯
ҶãչƷɣʵ̫Ƕˡ
ôѪĻ治֪쵰ô˵ġ
ֻ˼֮֮ϵĳǿߣҲֻиŭԶѣŭֻܷŵһ˿һ¶ڱ档
ΨҶЦչƷɾôĮˣʱ˵ôһ˷еĻ⻹Լ˵ζһЩ
һӣǱٺõĻ˵Ҳܼʱø񶾵һ㡭
мڴˣҶЦĬĬܹȻȻᣬҲʵڲһ˲ţҲǡ츳
ô˵⺮ԼǽˣһǶʱȥ֡
Ը뱻ȴҲû취
ֻǲ֪ԼػȴҪ⺮𲽣Ǻãǻ
ܺûԼֻһһˣעû·ġ
һ˵ֲָŨ֮ʱ䣻ȻƵǰУ˵һֱߵġ
ҶЦԴ˸еЩ죬û뵽ĸӪڣôλôߵĵط
ӡУûô߲ǡ
ڣҶЦоʱǰͻȻ͵
ڣŨ֮˳
ǰĿģһ˶¥
¥֡
ĸ֣ڰ⡣
չƷԾɺǰ棬еӸϹкչʦ棬ˡ
һۿɼչƷںݵλʵܹͣϡʦ桱ĸߴͷΣǼ΢֪ɼһߡ
չƷĿⲻ˾˽ȥǰ
ȻȻִ۵ַʽﴫչƷɻɽϢ
ҶЦȻһʱ֮ѡ򣬵֮ʼղѺõĹϵûߴŵɽ֮أʱգ׶̤ϴ˵еĳŴӪڵأ
λǰɽ壬ٲȻһ״ͺһ־޴£ɽ֮һ㡣
ΰĴ֮ǰģһ޴Ĺ㳡
չƷһ˲Ÿոߵǰ㳡иӿ첽˹񣬵չʦ壬˺͸ϣչʦѾФʦּǰ
չƷ̾˿бۿ˿ҶЦĵӣˣһĻᶼҰˡ
ڵʵԣһѾ˵ϼһﶼչˣ̵Ĵŵǰ̣Լ˭ģǸһ
ڣǲˬѵԼ֪ȥڴ˶죿
֮µʱĿࡢƿԣβ֪νӻ֪ԼǸýӻأǾʹ˱أ
չƷʦǳǹҩ
ҲǹһѣؾͶͷذһƨ
βЦǣǣʦ롣
չƷɷŰۣݺ˵ƾĶϻѵ㲻Ҿͽȥ²ƨһһѵģ


60 ӲԿ
һߣҲҶ˵ʲôˡ
ĺǣ
ȫš
Ը䣬չƷɺФĺ߽˴
֮֮ǰǸٶ˳ʵĸҶ
ҶЦæǰһǡ
б۴ԵΪƣӦûش𣺵ڣ
һչƷNԹ޴йȻҪҶЦϷ
ҶЦԲȻ⡭ڻûʽɽţóȻԵԾӣ̫ʰɣ
ŭأС죡֮Ȼܵģ
ҶЦί״˵˵£ɶҲûɰ
ŭǿʶ˵˵ϻƪҽ
ҶЦɫһұҪȥģӣƫƫͲȥˡ
Ϊ֮᣺˵ʲôҲ֪ڶ೤϶ڵһˣȴ޶ˣ֪񼫣
ҶЦŤͷߣ޶֮ͽȻǲ뺮ǽҶ֪ǳƷвˣ͸ˣѰһССɣи֮Ҳˡ
ҶЦǸӲԿˣڣôãӼ룬Ȼ˸Ϊҡ
Ҫˣǡߺߺˡ
ñӶˣȴһʱ䲻֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
鼱֮£ҪϾ˶ڵȴǰҶҲǲʹ뿪
Ȼ˿̣ȴһȣ飡ʲô
Ե
ȴչƷɳˡ
ڴоۼˣǺľԸ߲㣬Ϊ͵ҲеԪƷϵˮ׼㶯
Ҷڶ߲εŵӣδϣ֮ˣչƷФĺǽһ·ҶЦıִͷβһ˽ˡ
ҶǵԵߣʳ˽ڵƾջΪΪ̣ӵв׵ĵΪ⣬ӵԡͷԡŷ֡ʶκһ֮ˣͳФĺǱϮһϣһ˿֮У֯ڣͷǻ֮ߣɼһߣ
ɫŵӣܴ
˼ʼ飬ȫ޼ΪҶת֮ģڸ߲ܲ
˵ҶЦʹ뿪󣬾˶Ժһ֮ģԷԸҶЦΪϤչƷɸˣ
һ̣չƷɶһƾͰĳȥʮ֮⣬鼴ʱѪڴأչƷɲԸɱ˵ӣ֣ȡ
չƷɶݺݵ˵˶ʲôǸˣĸŴţհУ˭۸۸ϷŪϷŪӾʹ㣡
˵ţȥһš
Ǹ顰ۡһٲзһ߰ɣչƷϣڰһȭߣһߴһ˵˵˵
˵Ѿʮ߰ȭʮš
⵱Ȼ飬Ǵ飬ȭȭ⣬ޱȣ˵ȫҲʼһƣҪһǧС˿Ҳûˡ
չƷɴ˼Щܻˡ
òиʾѡͷɫĵӣԼһ·ɽȴûԼͽķݣһѻ𷢲
˿̾ȻļһȻڶԼеıеѣƵ˼Ҷɽˡ
չƷɲƤˡ
ǿ벻̣Ҳ̣ҲˣչƷҲǲ̵ģ
ס֣һȣһȻƮ˳һѽͷһֻѪ˼Ѿ˹ȥһԴԴô󣬾ƱͷҪͷɴŭչƷɣöֶΣȻ˶ԴϷ
չƷɲһһԴһҾʹˣôأٸ˵һ䣬Ҿһǲң
ͷû£㡭㽲
չƷһЦ˶£˭㽲ʲô
ȷҲǲֻҪ˵ΪҶŵӣʱȵǳԲ˶ߣչƷƫƫ˵
˾Ǵˡ
ҲûҲզأ
ͣ˹ȥĻȴǲǰ
ͷűչƷҪ磬һΪȴԶԶչƷɣչƷɴ˼ʰˣå˵ɣֱӺް취ֻǻ
ֹûУ㽫˴ʲô洫һϵ
ҶСӣߣǽȥαظ˵ƾĽ۵ݣչƷɳҶЦ֣һĺͰºƽ׽ˣתȥ߹ǰȴԵֹ˵С˵ɲ˵ô
㣡֮üѪչƷɣϷûûˣ
չƷƺûȫᣬͦشҶЦ˽ȥ


61 »
ʦֵ˱˴˿˳Ѿǧ꣬СͿʼһֱڣȴҲһҲûһûûˣչƷɵȻںٲʮٱһǧĻϰΪա
ҶЦչƷ߽ֻĴ֮УԽʮλ
У̨棬һϾǳƳɵӣй֮Ӵǹ⻪һȻ棬էȥƼ֮һ㣬ֱ֮ˡ
ˣݣҲͲʮͷģƺƮǰ񳣬һ˫Ŀ峺ȴһɶĵ
˿̣˫ĵ۾ڿҶЦ
Ǻˣĸ֣¡졣
࣬λľŸλһˣ˿̣һĿۣҶЦ
ǺŴϣһ١
ҶЦ⼸˵൱˽⣬ٶ˺ʶΪ˵ΧԼֱڣ˶ɫ԰ףȻ˻ûиԭ
ɼһսλֲЦɶôĴ˴
ھŴϵΪ֮£ʮϣžŸˣŸ˵λԿ󣬵ȴǺʮӣҲǵλڳ֮µĵһ͵ʮˡ
չƷеλ
˿̵չƷɣʤѩ񵭣ϸԼ·
ʮλʮξΨλÿţȻǸߣղųȥչƷɵǸʦ֣Ҳǿŵүү
˿̣ӦȥΪȥˣԲڴ˵ء
˼˼ʺϹʮŸˣʮĿעҶЦϡ
ţʮŸӦǺϹʮ˵ĿŶԡ
ԭչƷûйעҶЦΪչƷɺֻ֪ҪСӵһعԼֱûϷ
֪ΪΪֱӾͲ۲Ĳ
Ҷʵ
º֮УһĪϡ
ǵġΧҶЦλŲûȥս
ҶЦҲǵһμ֮һˡ
˽ڵǺûˣһͷ۾
ѹʲôһͷҲͷ
ܲÿ˶ȥһһͷüͷ
ҶЦ˸ÿ˶һԼҪô֣
ҵ죡
ûУ
ûУ
棬ۼ˾üλ԰꣬Ҷ򣬼ټԵ˵֮ˣ»һΣԶλΪΣ
һͷͬʱкá
쿴ҶЦҶǰ߲
ҶЦԣҲΪ죬߲̽Ȼһµ˲䣬ȴͻȻʱоתǰľ󣬾Ȼرˡ
ϿգһƬǿյӣ˿̣еĽƺȫʧֻͷϷǵ㣬µա
һۿɼĺ»ͷ£ȻҶЦӣС
ҶЦ·ƺͬһʱȫʧˡ
ֻþ̴棬ȴһɫߣһд塣
һ̣ټһǹ⣬ٴҶЦλ·ڡ
˹д֮еп˿Ϊ죬˾ռһ㣬ֻһζɴ۾ϸӡ
ǡڴʱźϸ΢¾ƿУӰһÿһĻ
μʦ塢ʦʦ̫ʦ塭ڳ˾ǹֻʩʩȴǷƤܹע»֮µҶЦľ
ոյ׽԰׵߰ڰ֣˵Ѿע»Ȧϡ
ʱ»ԱߣȻһֵ£ԣͺһȴֻõػ֣һ㡣
һͷ૵֮Ѿ˵ػʾӾ߱ʸ߾ӵеΪ졣
֮»
ǺԵռֶΣֻͨе֡ʸഫԡ񡱵ϴ飡
츳ߵĵӣھ»ϴܹ֮һ
ֻҪ»ʽɿҿʽĵӴ»ԴһΡ»ʽ֮Ȼ纮ȵţҪʱܾ֮ۼһ»Դ
Ϊڴˣ飬ںԣܲñ㲻׶ã
ҶЦ򣬱Եɺϵõ˶ֻһ˶չƷ˵һԡͷԡ۽硢츳˶֮˵δ֮أ
𰸽⡰»ʽ֮
»ԽԽһͨ
ǹҲԽԽ࣬һһݺύ
ڣһ¹⴩ҶЦĽλá


62 һһһ㡭
͸Ǳػ֮С
»֮ҶЦĽźЬҲ֮¶ֻǿԾɹ״Ͼһˣţһֻһ˫ʵڣλþֻɫߣζǹ״
ǡ֮ҶЦµı仯͵ϴһ£ڱػϣȻ˵һ
츳Ѱʿ֮ϣɿ͡һͷզ졣
δ䣬һ»ӹ֮зɳǹǣ֮£ҶЦϥλá
Ǵ͸ϥǵλҲָѪ⣬·
е֮֮һء
ʣѿе֮Уǲһͷգ۾ڴ»
ټһҫ۵»͵ط͸ҶЦĵλã֮
ಣಣಡ
֮»עȻ͵ظһ㣬ಡһθһأವһְθһأȻವһٰθһء
ۼһĻһ˵ȾĿɿڴ
ԲҲУ
ֻɨɨ
⡭Ǹɣ
֮壿һͷӣ츳ν֮ˣ
һչƷɺƵ̧ͷ˿֮¶ĵЦݣĵģս϶ᾪϲģҾͲȺϲġ
ܿ죬һ»ֳҶЦϵ
ಣ
֮֮һ㡣
Σû˵ˡ˶ڵ۾ţΪ»ԽԽˣ˿δ˥֮࡭Ȼûꡣ
ڣ֮ѾƸˡ
ֹڴˣѾ֮ˣ֮壡
ֻǣԻûͣ
ڼ
ټһ»ǴҶЦؿһҶЦزµѪȫֳ֣֡
ֻǣ»֮󣬾Ȼû֮ǰһֱӽ֮һȦһδӷҶЦš
Թ֮󣬲šˢһ֮
֮ξȻֻһ£ڳĬûθߵļ
զ£ͷһɧ
»䡱ʽϴûгֹ
»壬֮ȴвˣѵСʽֹڴˣȻܹ»䣬ȴܽ»ʸϲ¥
ô˵Ҳ֮Уɵǣ»ôԽԽˣҪǵ̣»Ҳóǰɢɣ
Уֻ֮ಡ죬ˢˢˢһϴ㣡
Ųˣ
ҵģ
ǵģ
ʲô
Բۣһ׺ͷʶذԼӾһƣ۾ѿڶ
ͷҲһ۾ͬͭһ㣬ҶЦ
⣬Ρ
ڴ֮ǰԴ˺󣬾»ѵĵӣҲܹ֮˲ѣ
Ǹ¼ѾǹΪǰĳʣ
ҶһɳˡȻһӾʹ˾Ų㱦
ڣ⻹գޡ
Ⱥɧҡ
ʲôҲ˵ˣҲÿˣͽܣնˣ
һͷ۴У˭Ҹ˭죡
ϼһҲĦȭƣͨ졣
ҵģ
ҵģ
ҵģ
ǳ£ɽͷ֮һȻתͷŭһһȫұ죡ƾӵܵļһҲҪôõͽܣʲô˵أԣһʲͽܣҪʲô죬ϢҲΪʦĥ
ͷĵ˵ۣ죬漴ȻͷȥһԹ
ͷ࿴һۣԺһעӺչ
Ŀ֮£һ»˳
ȻĻаһƬ
ղȻҲ»ѤãòδǵǰѾǾŲˣѾǰ޹˵ļѼҲϣȴû̫档
Ȼ˼ϣ棬˷ЩӦˣ
»ȴҶЦĲλɽ֮ģ֮һ㡣
ʮˣ
ˣѾȻ츳֮ˣѾ˵֪
ţѾʮ㣬ý˰ɣ
⣬»ȻԿǰѤó̶
˼Ѿ˼Ѥ»յ۾ˣŬĵɴ۾ţΨִһһΣȻﶼ֪ʱ̾Ҫˡ
ڣǰ»֮Уͻһҷӵķ裻ͬʱֳ»
ͬһʱ䣬ҶЦԴ
Ȼôһ߻˹һ㾪
챾һֱŬάӺźӣ΢Цŵ̬ȣ˿̣Ҳƹʧ̬ˣ̲סһ¡֮£Ȼīװһƣ
»ĿɿڴĿƿԵ״̬֮ҶЦԴˢˢˢؾȻ˺üΣͬ໹֮
ಣ
֮ʮһˣ
ಣ
ʮˣ
ಣ
ʮˣ
ಣ
ʮĲˣ
ಣ



63 Ȼɣת磡
˱̼ȫͬһ죬һƬ°ڵϵ
֮ǰѾȷҶЦǾתչƷɣ˿ҲͬŴͣһ𾪣Ե𾪣
ۿԼţʱ϶ֱۡۿ
ңԻһĶʮϾгʮأ
ʮ㡭
Ȼಡ

ʮ˲㣡
֮ڳ⡣
ⷢҫ۵»âķ
ʾ֮ҲֻһΣ⣡ʣΪҶĳ֣һγ˼£
ˣ»㽥ʧǹ»ʧʧ
Ψ֮ڿлתҫ۵»֮УͻȻһâͻأǰһֽϡ
棬ĳ˼֡
һ̣֮Ȼɢǹ»Ȼٴ㺣һ㣬һԽҶЦ塣
ҶЦĵ
ҶЦ壬Ȼһɲ֮䣬һγ˰͸漴ͻָԭ״
䣡
һֵϢ֮ɢ
Ϣ֣˸Ӵסˡ
ĿɿڴĶԻȻ֪ԵҶЦͺǿһһ㡣
Сӿɲôһ켶
Ϊһֻǽһ²ԣû˹ǣ֮»ǹ֮󣬾Ȼγͻƣ
ղϢ˶İǷͻƵϢ
ʱ˿̣£ȻҲͻƣ
֪ʹ»ʱǲ˹ģȫҲ˵ֻ»»γɵȻԶİһһأ
ǡЩνƿأأľأ
ѵȫˣҪˣ
ôͻƣʵʵڵǿٵصһˣ
ѵӵ˵˵ľˣΪν֮ˣ
ʱ̫ϳϣȴеط֣˵Ȼֳ΢Ĳ״̬һһʰʧ̬ԴͷȴԴһűֽ
Ȼ˴˼û˵ʲôһĲţ˵̫⡣
̫ϳͬʱ̤ǰһ
ָʾʲôʣͷͬʱʵ
ȻҶЦڵʣѾߵĳҲ֪ľء
컹ûü˵ֽѾ֮һһ˹ȥ
ͷæչͷ
ֽ֮ϣȫ˸»γɵ֣˼Ѿڻɢܹóʲô֡
ͷڿ֮Ҳͬһʱ佩ֱˣ
Ȼɣת磡
ͷȷּ֮㼴ɢˡ
˸֣ѾУ
̫ϳϣĴͣ
֮Уϣõʣ壡
ʣԺȳţԽҲûյκһģ
֮ϵģνľתʣ
֮˵ǡνΪתֻڴ˵֮Уѹû
дԣתֻǺߵһܲ⣬Ѿ츳Ͼӹŵֹʮꣿ
˭ʲôת磿
Ȼû˼ǲȫĲڣ
񣬾ת磬Ȼǰ
ڣҶЦʣƺҪһϵľת֮ϣһȻɡ⣡
֮ǰ֪ıȴ˵Ҫһ񻰲Σ
ڸԣת磬ȻǴ˵еʣһ˻Ȼ֣ȴȫһˡ
һʱ䣬̫ϳϵĿ⣬˸һ̹⣬ת˹ȥҶЦ
ȻҶЦĵէȻ˳ĴĿ⣬Ҳ̲סһ¡
Ϊղ»Ḷֻ́оǰһȻɶҲ֪ˣ֪ʲô顣˿̣һͷˮ
γʱͿ˫񹷿˴һĴ񣬼ֱ޲ýԼһ¶ȥ
ȻҶЦĳȣ̲סһ¡
켱ؿڣλʦ壬һֱȱһŵӣйر֮£¹شλʦ塭
ͷܴ³ľ˳
¹²УΣԿҲûɽġ
ٲ֮ǰĳȳݣ̬ɣԹ״תͷôŵô˵棬ҹ
ˣСҵģҵģ
ͷͬʱ
ںźڵͬʱȴ˵۾һ֮£ʱʼ˴˻ɿǰɱһ
ϽҹһȥΪҵͣС۱֣ҲǴʦ֣ƾʲôûе㳤𱰣˱ᣬóǰ
һ׺ͷŴݺݵ˵


64 ѡ
ɲô˵ģȻǴʦ֣ȻΪߣζͻͽܡһͷǳţ㶼ѾкüˣÿһǳɫںαػҪ
ʲôֱǵģ˰ɣԣ˵Щ֤ҽͽ̵ܽúã˵ôӣҸ˭
λʦֱǿݺ˵㻰˵ףͽܣ˽֧ӵܣǵ˰覣屦Ͻǵ˼СϷˣϷ֮
㡭ͷ̣ô˵˭ӵܣѾôô˵Ӹƴˣ
ͷһۣҪˡ
УڵʮŸ˼Ĭ
ͷ˵ĳͬʱҲǺ˶λڣڳʮ֮У߰˸˵ĵӡ
˭Ҹ
Լʦͽܣ
ǲŽм˹
ֻһ۹۱Ǳǹģľһ㡣ǵҲҷ
ϼһȥɣ˭˭ģҲֲҡ
ҶЦĿĿϼһⶼʲô˰᲻˵˻ˣʲôͰˣ˼ʲôϷ֮ⶼʲôӵʲôˣ
ǣӦöֵԪƷ۷壬벽ˣ
ԭȻȾ
ʵ˵ڵԼǵЦеκһҲûκνҵأֻ˼ķݣඥ࣬ҲܻŻԻٵĻѡ
ҿûв뵱ΧˣԼĴ˵֮·Ʊеزۣ
Ҷһ£ȴԳԼҸƨûΣԼˣˣΣ
š֮ǰźλϱǸƮƹش᲻λ
òƾǣ
ȵȣλĵУһǳսΧŹձ˼һ׻ˣսǿֲѼҶЦ˼ۼ֤ûһ˵֮ȫǸߵûߵˣǴ˵øߵʲôأ
ѵˣ
ҶЦˣе㲻ȥˣ
ԭȻǰԼҲͲǻȥˮ׼Լǿǿܶ࣬ǿܶܶĶڣ
ǸλʦݱڹڣҶûоѡʱ˵ʺһŹֻӦ˵֮һʺʻδ֪֮ҵʦѡ
ͷԶ뻮һһҡͷͬѩ׵Ĳ˹һҡӲ˼ɣʣʣʺκһŹֻԸϰĹûйʺ
ϼ鴤һ£ˣѡƣɿ
ͷһ㶣Ѱ˼Ƭ̣ŭһţԵҲȷʵǲƵģãǾͽѡ
УλòСͷӦʦܺ˺ߣѿ˵ѡ֮˭ĹǾ˭ͽܣ˲
ͷӱ͡һһĭ˵úͱȻӮһ㣬¹񻪣ԶԶҵ񹦣㣿ǴΣʱˣԼԼ˵ڵĻ
˵ˣû˵ԼҲǾôһ£ҵĺ±ʦͷ⣬ƺŵѾһ㣺ǵðڣΪʦֵķȰλʦһ䣬ЪЪɡ
ͷ֮֮Уһ˴ӵͷҶЦһȥ
һ˳˴һ·ߣһ߳ȥ˲ʮ·̣һԲεĴ֮С
֮УտյʮӣʲôûУνһࣻȴһׯµʥ֮ʾ˵Ѱ
Ŀ˵һ֮ȴڴĶʮ¡
ָʾ֮£ҶЦվʮӵмλãνġѡ
ֲܹ꣬Ȼж֮աҶЦվȥʱв޸пĵɣĪʦѡӽѡʲôȴɹѡӣߵ϶Ӧо߲طרǲɼŽм˹
ҶЦипȴǹⶸȻ»ӿ
νѡ֮ǣѾʼ
˶ǵɴ۾Ŀתעʮӡ
ʮӣǴźڵʮ񹦣
ÿӶп̶ȣһһ٣ֻҪ»ҫٷ䵽ϣӾͻ֮ʾ̶ȱǣʾΪ٣Ź϶ȾǶ٣ü١


65 Ӣţ
һ϶ʮҵģҲͿǿˣʮǼδܹɣС֮ʱܹﵽʮģ߶ˮƽɿڣʮϵģ㣬ǵ֮ܽ˹Σ˸϶ȵ˲ţȫֱ뱾ųϴ֮С
϶ȴﵽʮģǳϣҲΨдﵽϸ߶ȵģŻὫĿ꣬һʼŵԪ۷塢ֱĸ߶ȣϾܹ˸϶ȵģҲˣˣȴеز۵ģп֮ʿһʱ֮ѡ
⡰ϡԲϣڳ֮ϣһֲľʮ϶ȵģ϶Ѿϣӵ϶֮ˣճɾͣԶϾ֣Ѿ˵̫⣬ܹ϶ȵģһҲ˶ѣ
ֻأԾɲ϶߲ΣΪںԽʷϣһﵽ϶Ⱦʮ˵ģȻֻΨһһϾǴڹģȻȡһȻǡˣ
ţ۶ԣȻ϶ȾʮˣȻҲоʮţһٵ϶ȣϾΨ϶һٲܳƵϣ
϶ȳʮϵģһҲûˡ
һӣһῴҶЦһжڲ²⡣
ԴӵӦгʮϵ϶Ȱɡ׺Ӵʦ˵
ʮʲôһﵽʮĸ߶ȣϷϵˣдô׺Ӷʦ˵
˵Ӧǳʮˡ׺ʦаա
ѾĲ̧ʦֺͶʦͬʱ䣺ѵ֪Ĵʦ϶ǶôʮˣҲ˼ôһѣߵģҲʮߣȻ츳ߣͺĹ϶ȣҪﵽʮأѣ
׺ʦࣺҲôԴȺõ˸ʣδؾͲܳù𣿡
ʸһ£˭Ҳϣ츳϶Ȳݣ൱żȻԣܴﵽʦүôߵ϶ȡ
˵ͬʱסڡ
УྡƽϢ
ΪѡѾʼ
ʮ»ͬʱ¡
䵽ҶЦϡ
ҶЦϷȥ»ͬһϸϸߣʮӣ
Ŀ֮£ʮͬʱҫ۵Ĺâ
һ˵ʱ̿ˣһ̾ϢһϾȻšȻ˿̲μѡĲ˿ÿ˵ĶԼμѡ֮ʱΡ
ÿһ˵Ķţݿɬ
׺Ӵʦֶ̾Ϣ۽Ƿ죺ÿεҶʦ˼ҡ
ͷ׷ȻͬʱĿãȻһʪ;Ө۵Ȼһɬ̾˿
ҵꡭʮ϶¹񻪣ʦ˵úӶˣ£¡׺ʦȻףƵ̾Ϣʦ
ʦֳĬţ۾һһһһȴһһܡ䣬Ϊʲôûĳϡ
ͬʱȻ
ģȫˣ
ͻؾһгš
ͬʱ̧ͷȥ
һۿȥϵľҲɵһסˡ
ֻУǹ޾ãƺǹ⣬ͻȻȫھۣ
»Ҳȸղٴִһ
ʮӣźʮ񹦵ӣ⣬ȫԵײʼ
һٻ
ٶ仺ȴۿɼĵǴĿġĶǣ
ֻ𾪣ȴֻоϲ
м䣬Ǹɣôǹã»ҫ۵ı۾վţȻһϣȴڲ޾貣
ʮˣ۾գһ£ȫﵽʮˣôܡ
ûвأôûвأһ˵۾
ȫһһϳͷ
ǿɾЩðˡһ̾˿
һ;ŵӼ޶ŹǸӵ츳жߣɻģҶЦ˿ʺκ񹦵ΪһǱרһţ٣Ƕ෽ͷĻעߵ̫Զ
Ϊ˵ľϾ޵ģķܾ޶ţֻͨϡɵξء
ҶԾʡ˵ĵȴôȫϣ
κһص㶼ûУ
ѵӢţ


66 һӣ
Ҫ֪Ǻʦ֮ʱҲֻǼź¹ѣǴ˵ʮ֮˵еŲȴɺ޵ӣԺķΪ촴Ĺ
ںԽУȻҲŵӣһϵ񹦣гȴ޼ճɾ͸߶ȣҲֹڵԪƷԪ۷ǿ߶ûгֹ
֮ûвص㣬޶Źߣע޷Ϊɵ
ϧ֮УӵĿ̶ȣԾڼ
ʮˣһȻǲ϶ڲߣĿоǲɶƵʧػûбֳص㡭
һֱʮĻôֻ¾ĻˡĿУһıۿһԼǰ֣ȴˡ
ҲߵǺԾŵһϣ˲ʱ𰡡
ǳʮѡ»ͻֻ֮һųĻ߻·ϳһΣʮһ𡭡ͬʱȥ
ǾԲֵܳ״
ĵע֮£ѡ֧ԾԲȶķʮͬͬʱ
ʮ
ر۾ʱоǰڡ
Ȼ϶ʮѾһ൱ֻ֣Ҫһ㣬ܹıԵһ˵ѾǺܸߵ϶ˡǽǶһϵŵӶԣڽֹڴ˵еľת˵ȴһεȲҵ֣
ϾҶЦڴǰѾ̫ľϲһ̵ĻûʧʧȻҲرǿң
»ϾҪ˰
һжˣϣȫûˡ
һˣνʧ͸ͷʧתΪ
ϧҶЦദʱݣ֪λδʽŵĵӣתЦһ漣˵񻰵칤ߣٲϺ飬ϣƽ¶ѣ
ٿĵڣͻȻһ󾪺
óǴλʦĿзģ
ʲô£λʦ嶼ʧ̬
ѵѵת
ѾĻ۾켱æ۾Ÿո۾Ѹо۾һʹ
ʲô
ʵǰ״ܼ򵥣ֻǰ׹ѣȴڳ˻ʲôˡ
ԾԼǿ̹⻪Ŀǿ˹ԴǴϷԲϷģ
һ£漴͵صԲ۾ʲô»Ȼûм
ûмһǿ˲֪ʮ
˿̣Ѿ»⣡
ʲô
仰һ˵뷨ڳ˵
˶죬۾ճյؿǰѡ֧
ȫȻѤ貿Խ۾˵»
켫ĿȥĿɵúһͣһϲ˹ȥ
ֻʮѡ֧϶ȹ⻪ڴ˿̼ڶѾ˾ʮĸ߶ȣ
ʮأ
Ҫʮһ𣿣
ȫһ
ȫָ£
ûκεĲ
쳹״ס
ȻǰһĻȫŵ֪ʲôأجΣأ
ּδ̫ⷴǿ˰ɣ
ǣ⵽ʲôأ
Ƭ֮䣬ǽ䡰ʲô飬Ȼֹһˣڳˣ߶ϵġʲô
˴ѡ֧Ŀ̶ȣòƻڼ
ȫһͬʱ
ĪΣجλΣζ̫˰ɡݺݵԼһѣֻۡĲ໵һ
Ϊһ̣Ȼͬʱֻ쵽Լϣͬʱݺݵһѡ
šۡĲСʧڱܵԹתͷ
࣬׺ͷһƣȻΣһҲûоۣô׵ʵ
ſ϶ѾƬĴȣ˻˻سһԹҵȡλˣûôպõġ
ͷȴһɻδţأֱضų֧ȫû˵ʲô
޿κε̾˿תͷȥһۿȥȴֲ
Ϊѡ֧Ŀ̶ȺȻѾʾʮ塯֣ȻѾɵڳˣ͵Ļںͷ϶ȹٶȻ
ûֹͣȫûֹͣ˼
ʯͷ
ҵģѾʮ˰һֱĬԱߵչƷͻȻһ𣺡Ȼûͣ
ͻһ˶Ǿô˸£ɲǼ䣬ʮ˵Ŀ׷չƷŭĿӡ
ȴչƷɴض㣺Фĺǣ쵰Һһӣ


67 Ǹ
չƷ᣺ôõĻᣬȻΪ쵰һ仰ʱҾ˵Ҫͽܡȴ˵ʲôѡѡģڿѡѡⲻһôʲôŰΪʲôҪģҵĶͷôôأҿѾ˾ʮʮߡԲҾʮ˰ФĺǰФĺǣһ˸ŮôҰҺһӣ±ӣ±ӣûûˣ
չƷɺڵĳӶˣֱ״ΣģĹˣ뵽˵ʲô˵ʲôй޾Թ֮
Ȼûע⵽˵Ǿ仰֮λʦ۾棬ǰδǰɭĹâʲôȻͱСӽȵˣФĺǣСӣ㵱һ󣬲컹ĺ£Ϸסˣˣ
ȫ֪ԵɵФĺǣ˱ԹǺ޵ͬʱλ̫ϳϵˣ
ſڽĿɿڴĿ֮Уѡ֧Ѿ˾ʮŵĿ̶ϣͣ
˶ǳһڽôѡҪϵļգҪĿˡҿûһ٣Ϸıˡ
֮ǰЦƺǸ֤νġ
һ̶̣һ֮ͣѾɢ»ٶȾۼܸɴһǣˢһ
һ٣
̶Ⱥ޻ٵشﵽ㣡
ʮѡ֧
⣬ȫͬһʱ䵽˶㣡
ۼ֤һĻϤ类׻Ǿ䡰ʲô˵ˣû˴ﵽֻ֣оԴһѣΣǰδеĸо˵Դͬ⡣
ôô
漴ͬʻôɻƵôô
ô
ô
ǲΣǸ˭˭Ͻĺݺһѡ໣Բۣ۰Ǿˡôݵ֣ǴҪҰ
ղſԼҺݺģ˵ˣôأ¯һϷͽܵĻ
˵ĲϷ򣬲Ϸ㣬ӵܣ鰵Ͷ覣Ϸ
ڳΨһһûг֮ˣͬ类׻վŲԾؿ»
Ϊǰ漣񻰣òƻûսᡪѡ֧϶ȹȷʵѾȫˣ
ղ»ûֹͣ
ڳҫ
ڳ룡
ʲô
ζʲô
ˡû˴ﵽĸ߶ȣȻʶ㣡һ廹ǣʮѡ֧ͲԲĵȥ
ǵǰԣûֹ
ţζʲôأ
켤Ĵ˸£ǰȵĿ⣬ʹ˳ϡ
Ҳƿˣͺڿֿһ㡣
»Ծڳϵš
ѡ֧Ҳ˶άźõĹ
ʱ֮ã»˻ء
ٹƬ̣ʧȥ»ֵ֧ѡ֧࿪ʼϵµϨ
ٴĿ࣬Ϊ״ǿδģ֮ǰѡȫ֮ȫϨ𣬴⣡
һΣֻһ½أ
Ҳǽʵ̫̫ĴκˡʲôΣѻȸǵȵѡ֧ȫ»ȫǹ𽥵ʧþãлҼȻž
֮࣬ȫͬһޱȳȵĿ⣬ųеҶЦ
չƷһѹ˼㡣
Ȼȫһ٣
һչƷɾͰûڵҪԼͷ
ȫٷְϵĻʲôһѡѡͷ
Фĺǣ쵰Һһӣ㣡
ФĺھԱߣչƷɾãԼһܰǻ쵰һˣ
λǻҼϴ˼۾ͬ̽յһѩģ
ϰĿΪʲô
Ϊ޵УΪ˲۸
ǣߵȵ֪ٽʱ޶ʱҪʲô
Ҫһ²Ун𴫣
ɷĲһǰ
ǰպգԼĵһȴĴӹײҲñı
Լ²ĵǸţ޵أ
ȻҲпܴӹײıֵãã
־ԵļˣȻǲͬնΡ
ǰҶ
պΪĴ棬񻰣ڵ䷨ҪţƵ񻰣ôᵽʱ򣬿϶Ҫ˵ǸҶǺġ
϶˵ģ
ٽ˵ǣǸ޵еҶʦǡ
һ뵽һ㣬ͷоԼ˷ܵöҪ


68 ׵
ѡ֮ǰÿ˶Ѿ־ڱصãΪӣϧҪһܵĵزѡ֮󣬴Ҹ׹¶ȻѾƴҲҪͽܵĵز

УҶЦһ۾Ϳ˷ʮ˵۹ͨĿԼ
ӣͺһȺǣͻȻһ⣡
ֺһȺ˺ܾõ׳һλŴƵľŮ
ҶЦɣȺǵ϶һһڰԼ̻ˣ
ôˣҶЦͷƤѵҲϸشŭ˹
ϸ
ŭ
һ仰˶ʱһ
ϸ²ôƲģ
Ҫǲϸ񡭡ˡȫʺȥɣ
УôܿǷŭˣȻ۾ȷʵǺˣǴ˺òã
ϸˣ㻹Ǻϸģʽ뱾ǽ촽鶯˼£Լƽȣ治ǵŵˣʱͻָһŵĴϣ˵ĻҲǲҶ»㣬ҶѾǺĵˣ
ȻҲҸоλʦ壬ԼѾȫûϣŻô򶨡Ȼһ˼ǣȻʦʼջţϵܲ˵ģ
ֻǡҪϼһﲻڳĻҸҶͲֹֻŸһϵˡĵװ̾бۿ˿λʦ壬ǲɳ鴤һ£жݺݵλʦ岻ڳôһ˭ҾְȨһգ
ϸˣҶЦüЩơ
ȷԼһϸģһһ𺳵ķʽϸ񣬵ڡȻϸˣǶŸô࣬ۺ첱Ӵֵģǲĳô
Ĳ裬ӦѡʵĹԼʦȻûô
ʮλϣλƬ̵Ĳʲ֮󣬽תΪ壬ޱ״̬
ֲңôʣôᣬôڴΣ
ҶЦĿһתڿλڶһ㻥ŵı˴̫ϳϡ
Ȼ
ǰӰһλ׺ӴʦվҶЦǰͰף꣬ҶҶҶҶҶ
˵ţ̽ѯĿ⿴һ졣
һʱҶЦ֣Ҫ˵׸ȴһӿסö֪˵ǡҶĵΪϵĽ˼үүһ㡣
̾˿
̫ϴа㣬˵㲻֪֣ҰڿɵãһδɵСǰ˺üүүҶʲôˣ˵ʦү
ȴܲ𣬰̾˵Ҷ
ԣҶҶ׺ӴʦһĴȣֵ֣Ǻãҵã赺ϣʦͽһԣ
仰˶ʶıתӣ򶶶̲סķЦ
û˵ʦͽ˻赺ݵġоǣմô˼õģ
ʦ˵ģұȻ֮Աǣ˵֣㻹ҶСΪã׺ӶҶСӴҶֽ״أһһ£ض죬½Գգɲ𣿣
ҶЦ֮£˳
Ҷ
״أ
ҶҪϵ׵Ҫء⡭⻹ġ
ֻЦ֮࣬漴һ
״أ
ԭϾǴе״أ
ഫ꣬ͻȻһλľ֣ƾһ׵ΪɨܵУ
Ϊֽ״أԽ˸ɴԡ״֮ۡ
˵ĿսԾ£
״ۣνǴ˵е
ǧ򽭺֣м˸ҳơۡ
Ȼ˸ԡۡԾӣȴмܹ˼䣡
λ״أ״ȻǸ⣡
˵СӣСӻǸҷӰɣҪ˵ãָϣҶ磬ʼܳ𡣡׺ӶʦַӰٺһЦҶЦ˵
ǣǿᣬһҶֻΪ飬Ʈ֮ϣϷ֮Ư֤ʦͽԵʦƯǿ
ҶЦ֮ϣԵĵ׿Ц֮࣬ٶȻһ
˼Узһ֣񲻾ǺĴ۷֡׵硱
˵׵֮еġ硯䳤գΪβڴ˵أȴǰ֪Ϊʲôɱ䷨ĵӣ˱䷨һ·׷ɱղ䷨£
Ϊ˸䳤ձԼ䷨սɽһս֮˲֪١
˶²˿϶ѾˣϾ䷨һˣһ˼е˼Ȼ֣͸͸ˣȴû뵽˾ǻں


69 ʳ¯Ҷʦ
ҶЦ֮ûмʱȴΪഫ׵ĸÿһӣǵʱеԪƷΪʱڣŲһٶ꣬ؾ׷̬ӵӡ
ͳԼӵеΪۣ϶ϲˡ
ҶЦûڵһʱ佫ϵ
ǡǶ䷨˲ɻָˡ
ԭǼ˥ϣ
ǵΪ뻹¿ɣյӰɡ
ҶЦ̾һ
ͷǱ۲ݡ
Ȼв֣ȴ˭Ҳһ̬ȶǼҪ
۵״ؾһƾס죬⣻˵ݾŵҶչ
ͷʾͬΧһס£һס䣬ˮĽСղľͷ
һʱ䣬ͷ綷
λԼ˭Ҳҵﰡ
ۿͷѾŭɣ첲òҪٳϾսһԶ˭ˡ
һʤΪʤͽ
ʹ򣡱̫ϴϻǲɣ״ЦҴһˣȻû򹻣
һֱ㣬Ϊıô
У
˭˭

ͷݵľ塣
˶ɵˡҪư
ⲻа
Ҫͷһͷ
ţλʦ壬һ뷨λʦã˵
ʲô뷨״һͷ
Ц˲ŲأԴӱش֮ΪڣһȴҲ˱սԪԪѾٵһ൱ĵزˣ̬֣ǻһһ죬֮ÿһ춼׬ġ
Ȼ⵹Ҳ˵ϲٳˣֻ֣ܳ۷ʱȣȲضãսĵľͲԪԪ治һ֣ʱƨꡣ
ڴˣǿƶϺشλϣλҲûгսһʵȷʵ߼֣޿ܵסߣҲǿǵһȻҲˣ
ǵһ϶ҪȼսеһãʦֵҲͽˣû׼ֱȫˡ
λʦ飬һܹģǡȴֻһ¶һЦݣĪһ¡ҶͬʱλʦΪʦλΣ
ⲻǳ֮ã
ȷʵǺã
ǾǣҪôأȻôõ⣡
ͷ˵кã
жȻһ𣬺Ƴʺһ᣺ϼһﷴӦô٣ȫԥ⣬ԼԵöԾͷҪԼ˿ڡ
ôģֱ˵͵ˣǵһס
ܺ
ô˵ھһϵ֮ҶЦŲҶڳΪʽӣ
ңһţ־͸ߵúסֱʦֵܣ
ûɵĶһСʦܣСʦѾ˾λʦ²ˣǿϱ洫ӻҪһĹϵǵҲͲ洫ӶѡʮλԪиоͬᣬһҲűӣЦĸʾء
չʦ֡ҶЦ˼վչƷǰʱνޱȵˬ
ȻҪͽţڣǿƽ
ԣҳʽ²ˣλ͸߹ĳˣ
չƷһεĳʺ飺Ҷʦܡ
չƷɵҶЦһĴЦݣԵôĴֿ࣬
չƷޱͦӥתȥɴûлͷ
λʦ֮ΰҶʦܵľأԴҲἫˣչǽ˲ɣδеǷݻϲǴơ
⻹ɶ˵ġ״źӣȵ£º󣬿ΪȣֱӽȣȵĹؾƣǺأ˭ĵӣӵײһȭͷӲ
Ӱ΢ЦøָشңΨбĥ£ųâһδεĴĥ֮һδεļӲϣɳøһЩ
ǵģӲϣǵʦӦ£ĥƯ죺ҪɴȰ
ʦ˵ĵǲҶʦڵΪΣӽȺУ½ԿСµĻ壬Ծδжȣǵ˵ĥǺ⣬ĥµ̫᲻ɷЧء
ߣǵĵӣǳԿܳԶٿ״űǿףԲѵһ֮ȻȾԪϯ
Ǻǡ
ҲֻܺǺǡţ


70 Ҫѩأ
һոշļһãԵɺ֮³˽ڵӵ˳̣ðʸʦΪһ۵ġ
˵һܹ֮ԪΣҲܣ
˵һ֮Ԫϯ
죬Ҳûаܡ
ôСӲţͷü졣
ңĿԴ캬һЦ
ô˵״λ˵ӣӻϽеľţɹ²̳ˣƾһ㣬Ѿֵúϲ£졣
ֻһ̣ȴոնѾȥʮ˾Ȼ롣
һɫأһصĿ
״ؼ״ȻôЩСӣҪϷĵӣ
չƷһĿЦãǲǣǻм
ȴչƷһƵĳ˴֮󣬲Ȼ֣Ҫ¼¼ҶЦŻҪҪǼ£йǸӴ֯飬Ȼ˵
ǹϵҵϵ˥򲻿
ֽ˶ס»صִ̽¡
Ȼ޹سǾͲ£ɡӰ˿ǵôͽȥˣ֮£һ־һй»á
һߣƯüˣйسʡ֮ѡһӦ̣κ˲й¶ΥŹ洦Լ̣
ͷͬĴڿ˵ǹϵǧδƣκ˶й¶䣡ΥߣҪԼ̣Ҫڴ۴
ţһھǣλʦȻͬʱҶͽܣ¡ָΣǷҪͽ
ͬй¶йسκϢй¶ѾŲҪߵƯӵ۾£ѵǼϼһģ˸ʲôԵģ
˵˴ӵҶЦǴӵűһˡ
췭˷ۣЩ
⻰ô˵ģ
ǸʲôԵǲ֪ôͿ˦ƹ񵱵Ϳɼһˡ
˼һ£˵ʱϸܣҶλʦ֮½ڵӵݣԪȡԵͱӵݣѸ棬Ͼ뱾֮£󳬼ŵ鱨֮УһھΡ
£ҪʼˣһͷЩֻ
ǵȻҶʣȻʸʼµġ˵ֻܲܰȥѡ
ôһ˵˶ЩϣЩڨڨġԼûȥ
ǻ£֮ĿԴɡ
ԸҶܹɹЩصڴһ˵ҶܹŹ£ô֮Уġ
˵˶ĿƵĿƺµʲôȴֲš
һ˵Ļᡭһģˣ
ĬȻ
£ֻŵӲʸ̣ʺû޹ء
ҶֹܼܲȥҶûա
Ŀǰʣȴһģһ
ʦѡζչƷü˵˵λʦҶӣôȫһţ
˿ЦĻɣ᲻ϧһдۣҶʹʯٵķʽ
˶ƴҲסġ
Ȼôߵôһ޴ı
šФĺǲһӽôԴˣѾг񣬵ѾˣҵջΪ˾ȳģ˵֮飬ԸΪµӣԱʦ
һڣҶ֡һ˵ĴɹȻѾ֪Ҳġ
ڵص㣬˽ڵ֮£϶ᱻģйһУȻǸŽڼõ鱨ϢɽԼΪ֮£ӹȻ壬ȴǹظѳɴһȻԼٸɶĹעȣϾһ̫ԽȫȻ֪ͨĵӣ˵ιˣǷȱʦ̣ɾޡ˵
ңһҲ֤һʵһ㣬ֻöѣɶԴ˺ӡҲǼ˶Ĺעȡ
УĻ⡣
Ȼʦϼ޻ҵһ΢ЦĴֲָš
ɫһڣŭ˵ʲô£
ã

ҶЦλʳ¯ʦһ·Уܿһ߷֮ϣյжϣܿߵķ֮ء
ֻ߷֮ϣһֻéݷѣ״ϸס
һƬߴȻéݷ
νεΪۣ
ҶЦһĻʱ򣬶һ¡
˭õںӵϵλˣס˸ɽֹڣסȴéݷҲô󣡣
ҶЦϵı飬ƯһƵ˵һ䣺ǲǾúܲ죿
ǡҶЦʵʵ˵
ȷܲ죡
˵С½ģΪСӵľȻһϵСӶֻ˵־ȣԼ㣬˵ϵȴǲãֻϳɶѣ״ص


71 һս
šҶЦû˵
ϾҶЦУԼֺֹȼ㣬ԼԹżΨһġˣǷʲôϳϵ
ǺǣСӻ𲻷֪С½ȻԶѰ߸࣬ȻƣȴҲδزȱڣ
ҶЦ¶Ȼһ𣬹ʦ̻壡
½ڷ֮ȻᱶѹԾΪֱϷֵһᣬԱ֮ģȻڶȹһʱֻ֮ʵ΢ֻΪ֮ʿȻûԽԴľʤߣֻҪʱգȻڱһ㣬ػض壬
뷨Ҳ㲻ôûʶδԱ԰֮ģܹԦ԰֮ģתΪԿǰ;ֱ̹ǰǲ԰֮ģ֮ľȻȵ󣬺ǰ·Ư
ҶЦٶһ𣬹ʦ̻壡
ҶЦλػȫһ£ʵȴ֮ǰһҶЦǲڶԷ֮Եͻ𣬼֪Էģ̬ȻȴϷ
ȻһΣҶЦġȴǷԷθģĵĸл˵Ľ̻壡
ƮĻҶЦԣ治ڡͷȡȻƯ֪ҶЦʵ̣Ӳ֪ҶЦΪˣҶЦԼ֪Լ£ԼΪ֮ԾԼǰЦʶʶһں½ȵͼλ棬Ҫˮ𣬰£ǻ練Ƶô
ȻҶЦ˼û񹦣û޾ռ䣬ûе֣ûһԼҲɹʮԺ飬ڶ̶̲ʱ䣬֮
ػ֮ԼȻҲѹԼΪ΢һҪ͵ˣ̬ϣȴίʵһȣĿӵһ档
ⷬҶЦԣг룬ȴǵͷȣʡ
СȷʵĿһ֪ʮٸ˵ܣϸǰСǰϴ϶ʵǸֽϻéݣҵˣʮǰѾ״صЦЦ
˵գҪҶЦ˽ȥ
ˣҲ˵һ䣬Сӣʦ˵һ䣬һҪסһ仰Ӱ֣ص˵ƶܰլ㣬ȴ׳־ĥ
ҶЦһסˣʶͣס˽Ų
ϸؾ׽仰ɲǼֻζ
ҵȱǴéĿݹǣٹȥ֮ʱҲҪé뿪ġ״ش˿Ѿڴ֮еѾЩˡ
λʦһЩסҶЦҴܹף仰壬ȴףʦղ˵仰
ҪˣǿɾͲˡӰ΢ЦҲǶ
ʦ̻塣ҶЦ˵
ҶЦ˵仰ÿһ˵仰ʱľȴ֮ǰ죡
ֻסéһڣѾҶЦĳһڣ̬ȣʼ𾴣ǰδе𾴡
ˣκһ˶ҪԼǰӵͼҪ
䳤䷨״˵𡮵䳤աֵʱУȻЩҵ˶ԣ쾪ɽѰ䷨ѩޣܹΪֵΪ
ҶЦͷ
£֪ģס硢ɽΪ֮ڡдµս飬ǵڣ˿ڣ˵ࡣ
޷ֶԴǷۣܶڵֻʵˮ֮ӿȪԱ֮𣬵໹䷨ɱֵܣ㣻ɱ볥ѪծҪѪ
ɱ֮𣬲죻³壬ǧɽۣսݣ
״Ѫ֣ӰѪ֣ƯѪ֣
֣Ǿսϵĵһ䷨
Դһֽ齭ţ
ս顣
ȫû׷ʲôΪʲôɱֵܣߡͽܲȡЩЩɡ
ΪЩ۷УνɣʵһʮֻĵȫҪ¡
ֻϽֻʵ
ʵǣ䳤ˣ
ǣ䳤䷨
ԣǾҪ
ˣ䷨ȷģ֮ʤˣ䷨Ǵģ䳤ɱ䷨ͽܾеģ
£ô򵥵顣
ʷȻʤд£Ҳۣ
³֮գսصǧɽ·Բǧؽ磬飬ս


72 ȱٵ
ĸ˳ֵ˲䣬ǹǵصǿƣҪǰΧսʮ˲ɢ
ͲԳֻ֣ĸͬһصǿƣԽйսԱֱѹ
ߣɣ
ҪսΪһֳҲһսһսʽ֮ǰѾѹˣ
һս֮Ծֺ쳾
Ϊʲô˵أ
ȣһսս֮أǧɽʧˣ
ɽΪĴֵսϣ쳾
Ϊʧһĺ֣ȻӴʧ١ʤ䷨ȴҲԴ֮׶βǰ
һսҵǳȴԾɲ䷨Ķ֣һ˵ͷʵ飻䷨ҪûаĸɵǣҲǲܵ顭սҵش䷨ˣ潥ˣҵҪ䷨ͬھ뷨ʱ䷨ƮȻԶȥֻһ仰
ҵͽŮȡ֮ʮ̻壬Ҫ֣Ǹʼҵͽܣɱ˵䳤գΪ˸ͽܱ𣬶ΪǼʮĽ̻Ѫ
ҪɱңΪ˸ֵܱȻ
ǹȻûɱҡҪɱǣȴֲܲˣƱزԲճȻ˫ڡһսʹգ
ټ
ôˡ
һۣҵˣȻصűչȴΪԴǵٽҪƸƶܣЩһֱΪѹƣȴҲӻĲȿƸά֮⣬Ϊ⸱˥ϵѾ˵̫⡣
Ӱ̾˿
ҵˣƤҲҪΪͽǶΨȲţпҵ˵Ըǡһ죬пܣܴ䷨ҲǵĺԸƯ׷Ȼģȴһһֵ˵
䷨
䷨Ĵ񹦣ȷʵ󣬴Ӵ֪Ͼ˿ֲ񼼡״̾ᵽ޵У״ƺ˲ʱֲ˼֣ϵƣҲˡ
ҶЦע⵽Ư˵ģֻǡܡǡɱ
λʦһʡҶЦʵ
˵Ư
֪ǳΪһ;򷨹һѭߵΪΣǵԪ۷壻λʦս䷨ʱӦþѾ۷Ϊˣ䷨Ȼųһˣȴλ棻ȻһΪȻ߾ҪֹڵԪ۷壬ôλʦһ
ҶЦ˵һ˿ῼս顢ʽͣλʦ䷨ȲΣЩعȻһãȴ𵽾ãԹѵڵ֮£½֮ʱԪ۷λļ޲Σұʱ֮ʵԪ۷壬һһĻ˵ͬ޵УͬʱλԪ۷֣ذɡҺƣѵԪΣʲô죬ͨľλб𣿣
ţ˭˵ġΪǵԪ۷壿״ͻȻɴ۾
ѵ˵ȻǣҶЦԳ˵
ҶЦĳԾȫȻ滨٣ԼǰЦǵԪƷ۷壬ѵԼǰļʶ֪ļڣ
òǲܵɣ
ҶЦҲϿԼǰЦ䷨ȸŵŸ֣ҲֻΪ޻δϳˣԪ֮ľ̶ԶԶȴǾĲ
˿ϵһҶЦãȻѵԼ֪д֮
ǣ״غ֣ص˵ǣֲǡ
㵱ǰ֪һԣ޲νԪ۷Ϊ˵䡢оɢ޵֪νͨųϵĵؽ磬ǣЩŴƣӵϵĴţΪһԪƷϵʱȴ֪Ԫ۷壬߼ޣ
ҲŴɣ뽭ɢ޵֮ͬӰ˵ȥ
ȻԪ۷Ϊ˵ܹ֮վסţһԭǣԪ۷֮ϣʵҲûоλڡ
ûоλһ£ûʵڣȴһ£
硭ҶЦü˼
һĽɢޣäĿ׷Ϊεߣȴ˱ȻǵĳҲǵĻ̫ʵҲŴ֮Ŵɵĸԭڡ
Ӱһ仰ҶЦƺһЩʲô
ǰԼȻݺ£žޣޣǣĵһֱǸоԼȱʲô
ԭԼȱٵģһݻ


73 󾳽磡
֣ʱھǧĿģʶԵģΪΪĿģֱӾǺʵʯΪպΪ۷֮ȱݵǷݻ
Լǰ̰壡
ǡʦָ㣡
Ȼǡ۷ľ⣬ҲŴɲ֪߲ܡ
ڵԪ۷֮󣬴ֻ磻Ψн磬ȫ֮ͨ󣬲һɷ֮𣡡״įЦЦһһֱͨͨ쳾죬һΣ
΢鵤󾳽磡
΢鵤ҶЦ
һڣԼʹ֪δţ
ԭһĿӵԼҲйªŵһ棡
΢ڵԪƷ۷֮ϸһͷһ磬˼壬Ƕı仯΢֪ȷ˵һʯͷɵǰһѵǰȻֻ˲ʱ⾰ȻܹһۿʯͷѵĸǸ磬ֻǣ˵Ҫһ˲֮䶼̫ڶϤ۲֮֮࣬ԣ飬磬ѭո˽׵Ǹ֮ƽ⣡
ν΢
һ΢֮󣬿ֱָҪԪ뵶Ӧ£ײ⡣Ưϸϸͣע⣬Ǵݻ٣ǲ⣡
⣡
ҶЦʶһ¡
˼ۣݻƺȲĸףҶЦȴ֪Ĳ⣬Ҫȴݻٸӵö࣬ѵö࣡
ǲ˵Ϊ൱ڵԪ۷壬Ȼһ΢öԷȴ˲Ϣ֮䣬ѵĶȻֱӽˣ
ҶЦ˿˲ֱ߽ν΢
Ưô⣬á΢
ҶЦ˻ĵһ
˵ľ磬Ǵڸո΢δü޵ĵزģ˵ģԶֱ߽⣬΢ΣȴֹԶֵıвв죬ȻȭҲ΢Ķ췶֮ڣ״ص
˾磬Уﲻƣﲻˣǻʲô֮⣬أҶЦʧ
֮纣۽絽һΣ֪͵һΣʹΪ΢֮Ѿ޵о磬ʹشˣȻ΢ޣҲֻ󾳽ĵһѣǽս֮ʱ䷨Ѿͻ΢ޣȥڶĳˡ
һۣǸǶ֡״ؿɬ˵ȻҶǵԪ۷壬Ϊ൱һ磬ȴ뷲˽֣սȫһ浹һ˴֧ԮΣʱԲӦԣ䷨൱Ĺ˼ɣһսһز
ǰɣΪ൱ǰ£ȻôĲࣿҶЦʡ
ôĲ࣡״س̾Ϣ
νһʲôľ磬ȻȫϤ΢ҪأҶЦ׷ʵ
΢⣬ʼջĳض֮ϣ֮ȴѾܹƿؿռ䣬䷨ƿصڶۣܹһ˲䣬һƬռ䣬ȫ
ͬӵеԪ۷ΪԻһʱ䣬ȫܶ׸һʱ䣬Ī˵ǵԪǿߣԪԪԪߣܽɱΣգҵ˻Ϊ֧Ԯ䷨ͬʱڵռ䣬ҵˣ
ҪΪѾǡȫˣʱ䷨ֻǴĳڣʩչĲĶԵֶΣҵ˵Ʋ⣬Ǵﵽ˾ļޣƿؿռ䣬ǵСݵУ룬ս֮Уһ˲ƾʧȴƾճ벻ĵطһԲȥλãһ֮£εвˣ
տռ䣬ƿռ䣬֧ռ䣬˹ֶΣֶΣ
鵤֮Ӱ˵ͱ״شϣ˵ûãѵҪͻƵԪƷԺ󣬲ʸ֪Щڱ˵Υѵ˵ɽֹңɼĸӰ죬ԳɲҪţԳʣˣеԽ㵤Ƶĵ̣ԪƷкѣֻʱգ֮ʱ
ӰٺЦЦһѵҲ֪ڲ˵ԺǻܻԪƷɣ
Ӱ仰һͷԼͬ̾һ
ڵٻʮ궼
ҶţιˣнξˣҪԪ嵽ԪôҲҪʱ䣡
ﻹȵü
ͷʱ䲻࣬ԣ£ҪóԿ׼ˡƯ棬һĪ״ɱνԿ࣬ǳԿ࣬ڽ£㽫ȫû˯ʱ䣡˴С㣬Էˮ֮⣬㽫κο϶ϴʱ䶼ûУ
Ҫ㣬Σ£Ҫ
Ҳǡ£


74 ·֮
ƯԵú֣ء
ԣ˯˯٣˯٣㣬賿ʽʼ

ҶЦȥһéݣһŴһɣʲôû룬ֱ˯˹ȥ
Ǳˣ߻Ϊ仰˵ÿţʵδضѣҶЦȴףϵĻδؿţǴб
ԼҪģľֻץһʱ䣬Ϣ
Ϊ£˯ߣһΪңɼˣ
νġ¡ҶЦ
ֻŵļѵַžܣȻǶűŵӣҲʩУȻʩУܹѵҲ޽У
ѵʽ֮У۷ĵӣܹܵ߶˵Ĵ
ȴҲһμ˲п;
ңѵģʽֻĿʼ
ԽܹͨµĵӣǾ޽УһûУ
һѵĴ󲿷ֵĵӣ춼ֲ
ȻǼֹһʱģպɾͱȻȻ
мֹһʱģպϵԪĲΡ
ֵʱģ⣬ȫԪ۷壬Ϊŵ̳ڣ
˵ֵʮġ
ûУûܹļ
ΪˣС¡֮˵
ҶЦ֪Լ£ԼǰȱĶѧʱ֪Ҫһز֮󣬲֪ʵҪԣȴѾ˵ʲôҲ޷ֲˡ
뵽ﾹвЩңһ˺󣬿¡Ҫٶ෸һĴ
Ϊѵֻţ֪Ҫʵȴ֪ҪôȥȻ
ҪģҪߣ
ʵϣ߲ŵҪɲ֣Ҫ߱ԪƷΪʤΣһĽɢޣڱԪʱȥһȫȫԼ۷֣
Ǹܰ쵽顣
δɢ޵Ī󱯰ڣ
ȴŴרϵĸ
ֻŵĵӣ
ҶЦᣬôܲϧ

ҶЦѾ˯ȥ
ɫ
ʦ֣£˼죿ƯǵõҿƴСļ֣ȴҲͼ¶ѡ
һǲ࣬ʮ졣Ӱ
ʮ죬ݳɼʦοѾǺнеѵŵмʱ伫ǰס
״Զ룬ĺʦʦٸһε¡ˣҲǿġ
ٶͬʱ̾ͬͬԶ
ǸղſûиҶµԺҪԡӰϣܹ֪ηĳĴء
ܣܴﵽǵˮ׼־Ǽˣ츳̣ܹﵽǵˮ׼Ѿ㹻գȻһ䷨Ư
˵Ĳİ£ʵʮ˲ۺϡ״صÿһ춼ҪǰһһĪ˵ˣҲͦģÿÿҹλأҼ죬ֱǲ׵ʡ
ƯЦΪôĥ£ʦԣһҲû׷㣡ֻǣԾ벻ףνĵǲֻǻ˵⣿ǧԸôһţȴһҲȥΪֹõĳɼƺҲֻһ˳ŵ¶ʮһɡ
ޱߵֻǧһžĥɸɣǺ쳾죡ӰУ꣬̾˿
ǾžŰʮһĥѣ죬ÿһ춼ҪžŰʮһĥѼӱ
ԣôǲܳ顣
ҲܿܲܣҶܹҸ̼죬Ǿΰʤ״ޱ飺ֻ׼ûУ
׼òˡӰɬЦƴҲҪ
ͷɫࡣ
£˵һĹؼµ˵ȴҲһĿ飡
ҲܣҪҲҪάµ˵ΨҶԼʱ
ҲһҪҲҪȵ״غһڣȥ˯ɣ
ӰƯתߣһһ૵϶Ѿı죬ǿҪײĵˣƫƫʱҪʦֵļˡ
ʦˣ״زͻȻЦЦ૵С˵ʼôԡ


75 ˣ
ܰѷӰƯѾϵòӵϲĽгɡС˵ģƾ֮䣬Ҳֻ״һˡ
ֻǴʱ״أԶȴ˵һͬʦѧգ컥һŵʱ⡣
ֹǷӰƯԣԼҲͬԡ
ʱ䣬찡Ҫһô״ҡͷ̾ϢһҲȥ˯ˡ
ѵʼֹҶЦͬҪþѵУҪķѵľҪҶЦ֮ϣ
ҶЦһ˯ȴɲɵռ״صéݷĴ״ؼ״Ҳֻҵط
ŲߵӰǰһȴϿһˣһƬéݶȴͷ˲ĺ˯
һ˵Ĵ˯ȻҪһЩ˾Ȼͼڵ˯ˡ
쵰ôôڵ˯̬ˣõĺ̫ϳϡȻǶС״һ䣬ȴԼҲ˽ȥʦȥ
ı۾
ǻص˵꣬ʦͬʱĸ¶һϣĸ¶ôڵϼһҹŷ֣˴˶ýģ໥ȡů
ŵ£״ص¶ůЦݣһ̵Ŀһһ峺洿Ҹǵ䳤Ǹ˻ţһһϡжã
̾ϢУ״Ҳڱ۾
éС
éݵĵϡ
ͷӶѾѩ׵ͷôţ˯ȥ
ÿ˵ϣһֺһЦ
ֵǾһҸ
賿
ҶЦһ۵ʱ򣻾Ϳһ·ɭ˸ĵĹãһȫǳɵ·
ǳǳ֮ǳ֮ʵǽɣͬĻٱϣԼǰòǴǳ·Ҳǧϵķ
˯ˣ˯˾𴲻·ʦ׼·ǳ£ϡĺöţ״ЦǺǵ˵һĴס
ҶЦգգ۾ʦ·ǺܿĵģҿǳòƺܲѰķ൱ĲѰܳذɣ
ж·ŲǧʮķȻֻԪΪܳܵģ״΢ЦӴ˿̿ʼϷҪ㣻һ̾ҪˣһҲҪҼȥ
ǵһأҶЦȤʵ
ְѾµһôһ̾Ҫ֣״һ̵ƢĺܺãȻҶЦʻĲ
ˣõĴȥֱѵҶЦ
ô˵ģ£ȻǻѵĵȴϵδǷã״˵ѵ̣ĸǣͳһһδĥҪסΨдӵ֮ˣʸ̸ãô
ҶЦһݣף
˵ֻдӵ֮ȥʸ̸ãûа׳ԵͣҪãҪһŬһջŬ߱ջ񣡡
һ˵ҶЦѾ˹⣡
ãھӣǣֻдӵ߳ãöҲֻµ
Ǻ׵ĵͺ񣬳ɹʧܡһġˡ
״һǳ°ҶЦϣƾҶЦȻҲܴ·ȴ϶Ҫ൱һֲҪҶЦеǿǱκһһҲҪϧģ״ʦȻΪѵĴˡ
ƯͷӰվţϣһƬڴ
һ磬һȣһ
Ϲļף
ҶЦǳ£оԼͺǱһɽȻԪƷΪ˵ǧķ£ڿ뺮½ǺܲһΡ
ǳ£ԼȻܳŵҲܱ֤ж磻ҶЦ⣬ƶٶҪųɾţ
ʼǧʮķصٱ࣡
ʲô˶ܹɵ˵ķ
֮Уǳ£Ʋ״˵ڣʼһʱӦ׶Σǳ£㵱ǰٶȣܵɽ壬ǱߵǳͰһͰˮͬٶȻˮéԱߵףΨһҪһʱ֮ڣߵĴˮҪ硣
˵䲻ʹκεʳҩҩˮȡ
һʱ֮ڣɣ״ذһɳ©ʱʼ
ҶЦ˵˳ȥ
֪⻹ֻһʼ
ʼѶѾŵĸߡ


76 ǧﱳ
ҶЦֻܳȥһص·ֻ̣оѾð
ųǧĸأҪٶ·Ҳˡ
ҶЦֹޣ֪ӴСǿຢӳô
ҶЦһˣԺܿٶܵɽͷֻĿĵعȻһھھǳϵˣ㼸ʮɸ£ſھڣϸ֮ŲܿԼԼһ㾮ˮλá
׵ǣû
׵ǣʢˮõˮͰûС
Ψһеģһ׽׵̨ףԶ׼ҪˮͱһȥȻ󣬴Ӿ°ˮװһȻ񱼻ȥ
ҶЦ̾˿ԥһԾ£
һԾһԾ£̻ǺоҶЦһ½һʱʱھϳһ£ÿ½ɣһţ½ɣһţѭûǳ£ҶЦȻһȥ˿ް϶ǧ
ҪôʮһԾµĻ¡µǻᣬԷ콵ʯҲˡ
һڣҶЦڵ˾ףܾϲؿ״˵ǳͰ
ҶЦеС£һûаǳͰԼҪô죿
ô죬ֻܸϽˮͰ£
̬ѵûб̬ôûԣ׽ԲأȻǳͰݵʱҶЦʶĿЦ
Ĳ׽ԲôСƵĲˣǳͰѾǺܱ̬ûԵĴˡͰܴݻȴϵ٣󲿷ֵݻͰȡһֻúСһʢˮռ䣬Ҳֻʮˮӡ
һ֣ȴȻֻֻ֣ʮˮͰȴһǧٽ
Ҫ˵ư
ԲۣҶЦ״֪ԼԤڵĻҪϾλҵϽˮװһűԾ˵ϣûٲѾǴϢţ㲻ԼķԼҪĶѾǧԼС廹ʮˮίʵѾǾţһëΪƽطݼʮɵģͬСɣԶԶûܴϢʱ򣬵¸ɣһ·Ͱɱأ
ȿ׵ʱҶЦһס
ҿҪҵô
Լ֮ǰܳȥʱ򣬷ʢˮĴﻹдˮڣȴɸɾģһˮҲûС
ٿó˺ţʢٽˮĴס
ҶЦһ
Լһ˻ʮˮ٣ԼٵʮϣҪǣԼһֻһʱʱ䡣
Ҫ˵ɽͷǸɽͷ·;ֻʮأĲԶ
ҪԼҪǧʮһǧʮ帺سǧķϸʮصĻ⸺ֹأֱ̫ˣ
ţ⻹ûǸʮľ¹أ
ղǵһΣûǶһǧٽͰڼˣֹǰϼӽ
ҶЦҧˮףȻͰٶȿ񱼶ȥ
Ȼˮ˳ȥǣоû䡣
ǧǧʮв
ǧĻ֮ǰʮʮڵҶЦ˵ûж
ͷҶЦĶԼ˵ľ񣻱ʾصͷһˣٶȻպϣʮ֮һʱ䣬Ҳûˣ
ҿΣգҲоˮٶֻԽԽġ״صһ˵ʲô
ôĿǸͰеءƯüһǧǸһǧٽǸ
һǧǸ״ص
Ǹǻ᲻̫ˣӰüһСӱǱǧĸأȴҪһʱ֮ڣʮ¾ڣһɣ
ļ㣬ܹǼˣǵĥ
״źӣҲûεѵѾԤĽһأһʱ֮ڣܹߴΣѾˣԵģÿһΣδɾ͵ĸ߶Ƚһ֣
˵䣬ֻҶѾٶȴӾһͰˮ۵糸أ
ڽһʱҶЦƶٶûгκθıģϺ罬һķ·ʱҪӿ
Ͱˮͬʱһ֮ʣǰһķڣͷһѣȻѾ˼ޡ
Σ
̵һѣ
һ˲ҶЦʵĸоˣʲô
һʮʱ֮еĵһʱ
ӵ˿ʼҶЦٶڿʼˡ
ĿǰĽѾҵԤƣ൱Ĳ״ؿҶЦ񱼵Ӱ֮һʱ䣬˶֮һĹ˴ѵĹؼ㣬ȴֻʼѣͷһʱѵؼҪܼܲ


77 ɣ
ܼ֣ҲҪŬ֡Ư͵ǰ״ذ˴ΣѾǴӵļޣ˴֮󣬾ԾģȴȻ㣬ʱս֮
ԣǰĹؼǣܼܲɰ˴ˮ
ĬĬͷ
ϵע֮£ҶЦŴ˵ߴΣһѾЩҰףҡҡλΣȻȻȥ˼ޣ
˺ÿһķѵľҪļһиǣʱֲ֧ס
ڰ˴Σ
ҶЦһƨھˮߣڴڵĴϢһ֡Ҳȼȥǿĸо
ֻǴ˼ֿʼͰһ
кüΣӰˤȥ

һͰˮٶȵףˣһˮѾ˷
ʱɳ©ɳв֮һԾڻģģ벻ͣɳɳš
ҶЦһ˦ͷͰһα
ھˡ
ֿȻѾϵԤˡ
ϵԤϵУҶЦܹ˴ξѾǼˣѾϿɵĳɼ
ҶЦ֣ȻϵԤ㣡
СӣŴҶóʵӵ˿ʼͻףɵˣǼޣӵ֮󼸴Σȫǿڳţܼեһ㾫״Сӵ治ͷͦӲ
ǰ״ȫУĵȷȷѾ˼ޣǣڼ֣һи֧֡
ע֮£ȴھŴˮҶЦŲȻ͵ؼӿࡣ
ⲻǰ״һ۾Ϳ˳ͻԼļޣСӵ˵˾ˣϷ֮ٶ࿪һ۽磡
ȻͻƼˡƯӰ״Ҳǳһ˶֪ҶЦ춼ѹեԼǱܵߣҪͻһμޣǺεѵ飡
ǰǱƵ˼޵ļˡ
ΪһͻƼޣҶЦǵ˵ھŴˮʮˮȻֿʼ˵ʮһˮ
ϺȻ״ʧСӸʲôˮôػˣѵʶңˮִ֮УŻˣ
˼ȽϸƯһһָˮףϲεĵ»Թϴ˵̫ˣҪǸˮҪ磬û˵ֻʮͰˮ׵ݻٽˮͰʢˮȴʮ·Щ˷ѣҪˮ磬ҪʮһͰˮ
״Ҳɵۡ
ӰȻСôʵۣһʲôô֧ţɱ°ʲôģ
ƯҡҡͷǵᣬղûͻޣҪǿ֧ȥҲȥֹȻͻޣһˮֻкô־˵ʵԽԽϲСˣѡе²ˣ
״ءӰͬ˵˵²ˣôˣ
Ȼܹˮʮһβˮ磬ҶЦԾɽһʱǰ˰ӣ
ҶЦֽԼʱʹȥվǰʱͷеĸоȻأԼҲʱɣ
뷨ɣ˿̵ҶЦǰһķڣͷоǻ磬ӶҡΣҡҡ׹
ϣ˿Ѿû˺
ûкҶЦоԼ壬Ǹɵģ
һĸˬˮָɣ
еˮ֣֮ǰѵл˺ˮܹһأҶЦԶ϶Լأ½ʮ
ڵڲ־ֻʣ˼άѪҺ
ʮһأѾľҶЦÿһֵ
ʱ˿̣ҶЦܹȷһǡԼģѾȥ˼ޣ˶ȥͲͻƼ޵⣬ʱ⣡
ҡҡλεվ״ǰʱȴȫ֪ϴ˿̵Ƕô𺳣
£ÿһʱһָģ
˵ÿһָ꣬Ҫٷְٵɣ
ʵϣÿμѵˣΨһҪģֻǾΪ˶ѣ
ϾÿһʸμѵˣӵгԽѰӵ츳ߵ̣֮ģѵУ汻ˣĪʧʧĳҲʧ
ʵϣĳѵĵʦѵ֮⣬һشȷѵӵȫʱ˵־ޣʼмޣҶЦղţԵɺϣڵھŴˮĹУͻǰޣҶЦҪȥͷҲֹѵĿΪѵ֮˳ɳҪѵ֮ˣ
ϴ˿̵𺳣ȴΪһʵʸеѵģ˶ڣûκһˣ潫еĿȫɹ


78 ·棡
ܹʮ֮߰˵ģѾǾ޽Сܿɹ
󲿷ֻ֣ʮ֮ߣ
һʱѵ֮УжҶЦҪʵֹڰ˸أѾ
ô߸أҲǿԽܵģϾǱҲˮ׼ѣ
һﲻۼֱȱۣǵﵽ˼޵ʮΪһʵû塰ˮ硱ڵʮһ
µǣʮһ֮󣬾Ȼ฻ӵʱ䣡
СҪʲôҪô
Դˣ״ֵеֻˣ
ССģֻһָͷȥ͵ˡؾԣ
濪ʼеڶʱѵ
״ʼǻµϺ꣬һֻһ£𺳣һҲûб¶ԣ
˵ţһץȥ
ҶЦҡҡ׹ѸɵС壬ʹ˷˰գȫްס
УжʹҲſڣӲܺУ
һ̣һȻٳҶЦ壬ҶЦľ֮ˢţÿһÿһļ⡭
̣ͺѼ⵶һԹҶЦ壬ÿһ缡⣬ϸϸиһһεĴĥ
·棡
״˿ͣһɹɾԪҶЦ֮УȷУ̼
һΪ߶˵飬ΪͷųһҪǡôСˣ𲻵ЧһˣҶЦ徭ʱ
ÿһ̣߸˿ԶԶ߸˿Σգ
ܴⷬҶЦΪȴҶЦÿһ缡⣬ڽӳЧã
ؼĻڣԽ֮ÿһʣζȫȥ
ҶЦоԼļⶼڱһĽ˳ȥ˵ϴëľҶЦûپǽ񹦣Ƿõṩĵ񵤣й̫̥ǣϴëľ
״˵ءԡʱҶЦһΪش࣬Լȥ޽صĳ̶ˣʹǲϧһˣǴ˿̣ⷬǷԼаδ֪ʹȴԲܲϧһˣʹֱ࣬УҪѰ
ƫƫܳйͷʹ
Ϊһ״صͻȥĿкһ˿һ˷ʧпδȫź
ڽееһУҶЦǰȱٵĶ
ҶЦΣŹᣬ֪˾δضԼ壡
Ҫԣ޵ȥܣ
ҧ죬ϱ鶼Ѿ鴤׶εĵزȴһԡ
һҲûУ
״ֵˣٶΪ֮ݡ
žǸȻҲֻлָΣǿԱģǱϾıܷӦ
һȻûС
־̾Ϊֹ
һʣε츳ҲҪԷҪˮҪʼջ已̥ԣʣ˵֮Уܻеģ㾭ϴë裬̥ҲˣǶѵķֱˡ
״һ˹һ߳ǵҪġȴҪ棬ÿһ죬ÿһʱÿһ̣壬ȫûʵ״̬֮У
Ļ״̬
ҲһԵĸڣ
ͦסȻǵҲҪͦȥͦסֻ̾Ϣþǰȴվˣ
״ֻǽһҵʱ䣬ɷӰ֣״µϢϢԪȻٹһӣƯ֡
һӣȴһ֣ɡĥ¡֮Ƹ壡
һʱ֮УҶЦʼڿţǷݼµʹ࣬ǵÿʱÿ̶ڼڽμӾ硣ҶЦʼҧһԡ
ΪΡԡĹУ׵߸ҶЦ̵֪ȣҶЦ֪Լھϴë裬ڽδĹУҶЦȻ֣Լֻʣ
ȻЩȽ壬ɱ΢΢ʼʣվӰнȣǳõۻԾɻ൱̶ȵĸӰ죡
ǳŵڵ̷ԶԶҪǰԼĸڰɣ
Σ嵱һûȫھ͸ıأδͷšԱͷβȫĥ֮£ԼʾٶһΣĥ¹̵ļۻʵĸ߶ƱػʵǸ߲Σ


79 û˹ܵĶ
ҶЦڽȻϮͬʱ弫ޣϸ΢Ըĳܼ޵ȥԼȫգ
˾޴ôĴ̼֮£ҶЦνʹֲ棬Ͻʹĥ£ȴϣʹĥµʱһ㣬νìܵĺܣ
һֵʱȶˣ
ʵǾȵùͷ֪ξˣ
һʱǸҲѾˮҶЦȻһδԣ
־һ䡰ȡݵģ
Ǽ񵽱ˡ״غʦ˵Сӣôãôãû뵽־ͬҲôãھͿȷһܳҵļ¼
ͻļ¼Ų⣬㳬߼¼ҲпΪƾһĺݾѾ˵̫ˣ
Ư˵仰ʱЩ־˼һܹԼôݡǽ˽ϣ˭ҪĵˣҪΪĬһ¡
˸ͬܵͬʱ̾Ϣס
ڵԷʱҶЦоԼֱӾǶͶ̥һ㣬Ѿƣһ붯ˣһʳȲĴ죬Ͼ׼ĸֳ˾Ԫ⣻ҶЦƵĳʮü
ˮһ˰Ͱ
Ȼ󣬷󣬿ʼѵʱҶЦظоԼողųȥеĶڰʱ֮ڣȫĻУ
±üꤣںȥĴˮ֣Ҳ֮һʱ֮УȫҺų⡭
һʮʱҶЦΨһһϾֻóٷǵʱ䡣
ֻٷʱҲŲһӶѡ
ʱ䣬ȫڵ֮д򰾡
һĿҶЦȫԲǳɣ
ڳһٷʱ״ʳһ仰СôģѵͲԼԼȫ𣿡
ʦҶЦ״غ𾴣Ҹղž롭ԼԼɵģܱڽϱɱҪǿöɡ
ʵ״ʦֵ˼ĳĬˡ
ڶ죬µĿ
ӣô˼޵ʹ֮Уһǰߡ
ÿһҶЦĸоǺƹһô
ƫƫҶЦĵ׾Ȼġһηྭ⣡
ӵ쿪ʼҶЦѾܹĸоԼӦκһйٵоĸ֪ڳɱ
ֹڴˣΪԼʶ֮Ҳչ޾ռ䡭ȻҲڻš
ζţҶЦ֮ڲϵ
ǿĺô̼֮£ĳүĸɾ͸ʢˣĸɾӴ̼ҿһеͷĵײֹһεʵСӵ񾭵ʲôģʹĥ£Ȼ֮£׻ǲ˰
ҶЦһĳҶЦˣжҶЦܵѵȻϾչ˶ˡ
ԣڵһʱͱҶЦ˳ȥԼҳԵģǧ£ܹҪ˷Ĵڣ
ҶЦһ仰֮У⣬е⣬ִˡ
ǾǡԼҳԵġ롮ܹҪ˷Ĵڡ¡
ĵȷȷÿ춼ԵñģҶЦҲԼĶӡ
ͬʱҲĵȷȷûκ˷ֻ֣СèĴڣ
ΨмǸǧ£

ǾǸˣ
һ˲֪ʮĵһ޷ųһﻹһ׼ĳԻ
¡
ֱӾǱ췽ҹ̷Ҫ췽ҹ̷췽ҹ̷
ҶЦڽܵѵڼ䣬Ѿ˸˸췭ظ
νȺ֣󹦷ص㣬޷Եɣϣÿ˶Լޣ
ԪƷϵĵӣÿ˶ԼרޣͬʱҲս飬չƷɵҶЦһս䱾չΪڻչǰͲ֪˶ˣ
Щޣʱ䶼פר޿ռųֻսʱ򣬻Ҫһĥµսʱ򣬲Ż֡
ÿһˣԼıޣǵһչˣ
һʼǺܽģϾǱ˵̣үŸոոزĵطһл԰ȫΪء̰Ķһ㻹Ǻġ
ǣ֮󡭡Ȼϲķ֣Լ˵ƶٶȣҪԼ˵ץסԼò̫ˣ
ҿ
ȷĶĻŭţοûֱܴˣ˵ΪΪˣ
ǲҪ̫ˬ
ǺΪ˵һùܺˡ


80 ȥˣ
ÿ˳֮⣬ỿޣֹһֻںģǷޣϷɣߵģˮεģӦоУС
˵ͱȽƫ㡣
һƷȫϡƷ֡ҾǿЧ㡣
гܹ֮׷תڵ㣬Ҳг֮Ϊ߲㣬дζ޹㡭
ΪܹЩ㣬רſ˼Сغ·嶥ȪעǿӲشͨһʮ󹤳̣ڡ
ǳʱ򣬸˵ʱ򣬳˼ʱش󶨶ʱ򣬶ϲڳϣˮȥ˼ȷԼǵͷԣжϡ
֮һ
ֻҪڣɫˮŵζ
ܻú㣬ο
˳ȻܴÿһҲͲֻöʮɷԲǸҲŲĶصķΧȴ٣оŸ֮࣡
ŸͬǾȪжӦվƣ
Ȫмλã鲼滨ݣҡҷҷݴУһխխŵС·
ˮȴ峺
һ峺
˵·塢ȪǺĽأôƬȪرһ˵Ľأ
ЩЩ㣬ֻԼһˣ⴦κˣӭ
ӣһûµʱҲ
⣬ͽһߵǽȴȻˡ
ǽⲻԶһµڣĴ£ۣЩӰ캮δľߣԼһ˾Щ߼Ȧ֮
Ȼٻȥ飡
һΣչƷɴǸϢʵ̫ˣ
кü죬ֻĬһСϾĬĬǣ£޴ıӦôӦԡ
µӰ죬ʵ̫ˣ
Ȼ֮ǰɽѳУԾȺɳλϣӣݸװе֮ϣд̽µһ
չƷɱûгȥ
ΪҪǳȥĻĿ̫ˣݸװҲǲ
չƷǳȥҲزĿԣռ˰˳ϣ
ðգҲԸðνա
ʱܳĬڵȣϢ
ȳȥ֣̽һµϢֻһ㣬ҲΪӦжϵݡ
һȥȴʼûκϢ
Ϊ˱磬ʮˣÿһ춼ҪͨϢĳһǸˣûиȡϵôظ֣ἴʱϵǸԮ
ΪѾпܴı񾭡
Уô֣кʱӵ֯¾ͻֻ֣±ЦҪµö࡭һ᲻ᡭ
Ȼ֯ôĴĻǣôȥ߽ĵӣڻ֮ܲȷľǸӱˣ
ûбðĿأ
ͷһ߳ȥڲϸһ£ҪıĿˡ
ٻصǽڣվߣ׼ٶȾ˼ʱȴط˵ƺЩʲô
ĿȴûʲôԵļ
ԴҲԻһ£ͼˣϾԼҪ˼ҪһЩĩڣп˵ɡ
֮Ȼ֡ף
Լ㣬òЩô
עĿϸ۲Լı㡭
Щ㣬һ㣬ȻȽֻҪ֮һ֮󣬾ͿԺܳ١ͺǰ㣬ȻСĿܶ࣬ԷֳģҲ١
ϰѾɳ˼ʮķˮζʱǾ޴ŶǷݷˣ˸е
Ļӳ֮£Ŀɫʰ쵣ô޾Ѥá
ڣ췢֣Ĵ㡭Ȼƺ࣬Ŀһ룿
Ҫǣ֮е㣬һɻŻŵģٲС
֮ǰԼϣЩ㶼ʶԼģҲ£ôôڣԼϣҲἴʱŵЩ㡣
ɲǼ䣬ǾʧĴӴܡ
бмģԭѾԣѾ߱൱ʶԼÿεرԼƬ̡
ڣòƺþöûмˡ
¡Ѱ
ѵ
ûˣˣʱȥˣ


81 ÿɰ
ŷٻȺȺ㣬ʱ˷Ӧǰˮ㳯ڣʢȻȺֿǰҵȴǺΡ

Եһ£ͻȻɫ䣺ҵ㣬Ȼʮġ߲㣬Ҳʮ㣬ɴһûˣôһ¡
һɲǵȴ۵ü˹ȥ
Ȼ˵һûˣ׵ĶϸˣǣЩϵĴ㣬ôĻ㣬һûˡ
ֻʣһȺȺĽص֣
ڵѪʹļף
㣬ν֮ƷÿһֻҪܹһپʮ꣬һܣܹڲһƻ
һľѪ֮󣬾Ϳ֮յһΪã
һֱڵȣֻﵽһ
ܹһյһٵԼΪͿԴڵĵԪƷмһԪƷ۷壬֮󣬸ɽ죬΢֮
ô꣬ΪιЩ㣬治֪Ͷ˶ĵر
ôĻۣĳĿѾﵽ˰ʮ
ĻÿһʮķзģѾϰٽ֮أ
ǡڣһûˣ
ЩѾ˻ĳûˣЩҪһʱ䣬ܲļ㣬ʮһȺҲһûʣ£
˭͵ҵ㣡
һŭ
һŭ𣬵Ƿĵף꣬ŭ
ŴЩñȥ۵һĶ¡
첢֪ʧڻֻһʼ
ֻһʼ
˶ѣ
ֱҪˡ
Լ֪˶Ѫռ磻Щ磬ɲôռģϺѼȸǱ鼰򣬴ŬһҲŪôЩѡ
ֵңֻ˵ԺģҲԼˡ
һԼϲԼлҪ
ұ飬Ϊľһá
ΪЩ磬ʹ֮׳ģָĵرѲ֪ӽȥ٣ֻǶˮµĿƣҪһΪȷıȣѾһΪķԪʯ顣
ò׿Ҫ˿ԼЧʱûˣ
ôûˣ
ֱԱѪΪѡ
˵¾°ɣƫƫ֪Ϊ˭˼£
ôĽʲô°
ҪѪȻԾ̲סҪŭҪֿڣҪɱˣ
˭Ϊһŵǿѹɱ˱ֿڵĳ嶯屩ŭ
Ľűߣݴһֻѩѩ׵СèţèУȫ޹죺զˣôôĵأؽôôһĺȷ緶ûأ̫ʧˣ
Ȼǳסġ
ңߣżȻô֮󣬶ȻǼʱӣǺܣ͵ŽȻٶ˶ĿЩա
˵ðǷո
Զɴ˸ȡ
˸ȡ
ô̹̹سǰ
쵱ʱνãôһ츳õӣĹδָտɼΪһţĺʱܲˬ
Ȼ޿ɱ緢Ӣ˲
Ȼ󣬾һԼ԰ﱳйʱطһѩѩ׵С
ϸһԭһֻè
è̫ɰˡ
壬ҲȭͷСǱ۾۾βͣСצӣĸɸɾС磬һȾֱ糬ݺ쳾֮Ĵڡ
˵ֻèͷŶƷĴڣ覴á
Ƕ۾ֵǰʱ򡭡
һͱȷˡ
ϸʶ֮£ȷϸֻƽèȴֲѰôСèôɰèѾ㹻ˣ
ʹݵλ죬ҲҪŪŪ˼ֻСèԼĺȻòƺܿ谮ֺ΢ӽһЩСè;ʧӳ׷ˣȴͣ£Ŀ㡭
ǣ̫ˣֿɰ˵˵
ҼοС
Ԧĳţһ֮վ˿ɰèܴոһֻСè
㣬èƱ޿ɿܵջȻȽ˷һ㣬ֻȭͷһֻСèܳԶٶ
ԣͷһȣ鼫ΪõһľСèԵôҪô
ǡ
ãҲ顣
һֻèѣɶҲĬĬңͺˡôɣôɰôôȣżһҲ޷
ʱз£ҾͶ˵˵ҲǰСè


82 ץ
Ͼһֻèô˵Ҫȸ˵ǿ˵˵
Ͼ㻹û˵꣬תͷˣһ仰Ƕʮֻһ֡
èͬ
ôɵĶţĴ۾ܰ˵һĿ㣬˵
ð
ʱصǰ챩ŭԾɣ
ҵأѸٵĿô£
˼
ĵ߳ݴԣſ˳ߣСɵĶ䣬ʱʱ⼸£εĿˮе㣬¶ߵӡ
Դ˲⣺ֻè㣿Ǳ㣬ǵèܿջǲŲǹأ
ֻôһֻèҾ㣬ܳԶ٣
оǣèȻܿջ󣬿ǾС壬Ȳ˵ܳԶ㣬ܲ׽ô
Գ˵ȻǸ߼ߵľƷһĳͬӵ൱ʵԪµߣԶ˺ôֻСܶ˺ô
ԶǰССè⣬⣡
˲ʮ㣡
СĽĻĲʵġ
Ҫб£Լȥץˣûʡÿһʱˡèͣſ˶ƤԣҲǱˮнضţ֮һë޹ش֡
һ³ԵĹƻÿСء
С˵˭͵ҵ㣿ʶ
̧ͷòƺԻ󲻽޹ӿɰȶһ
϶͵ҵǰɣ

Ҳͬǣ׻˭أͷ֪ЩȻܹ֪ԵĹЧġȴࡣ
䣺
ΪҪõЩ㣬ҲҪ㹻Ϊ塣ü
գգ۾
ԷҲӵеԪƷϣҪƷ֮ܳӦЧá㲻֪Ǹʵ̫˵ã̫ˣרŶЩȫĴ֣ǻ㣬Ȼһûдڵǰ״֮£ʲôܹ㣬ȫϢȫûκκۼַ
ӣ
Ψ֮ܣҶӵ츳ĿƷţпһ㣬оǣ˸οڻǴڷɽʱڡԣһǱˣΨбˣܼ֮ܣԼϢǱºȫۼĿܡ϶ʵҷеɣ˵ǰɡ
β˦˼£Ⱥܿɰ޹Իؽе
ͬʱص㣬ҪеҴ͵ģȻλȨ֮ˡüŻ£԰ɣ
̧СצӣԼӣ
⼸죬ҪעĶˡҧгݣҪ㣬˵һҲǲܣ㲻ȡɾ̫ˣһҪһȫץߡʵ̫̰˰ɣõô
СԴһ˼ǣȫԣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
һ˫Ķȴţ룺ĶҪҪĽʵ̫ʧˣ⼸ʹסһץ㣬ԷľˣҲֱܹ˭ǸʲôȻػ˭
ţǸʲôѾץˣ⼸ͲٴץˣҪתתζ
ţô죬һֻƯŴ󷽵
ɵȻŵôƫƫ˭ôץҪô죬ôôӡ㶼˵ôװˣҪٶ㲻ǿɾΪү˰
⼸ӣÿ棬ʱһֻץһɣ
ֵٶȣŲעĿ
˵һȦ֮ʣµֳأʵʵڵ֪
̫ˣ
˼ţŻ⣬һ˫۾ţ˸ԾôȣٱϿǡ
ƶ׵ԲߣʱĶԶô죬㿴ô
˷ܵĽУmia
Ʋʵ̫ˣ
ȫץ㣬Ȼŵƣ
ϣҲû˼£Զ˦βͣ״˽Ųѩ׵һȾСצӲű̵Ĳݵأߵݴץȥˡ
쿴ŶıӰ̲ס¶ϲЦ⣺ǿɰֻϧʼղޣҪȻúһ£ֻǵһҲͦõİ
һ£èһ֣ҧһ£Ѿĸҽү룡һ


83 Ķ
ôɰèǽסɣʵǿϧԺɶõҩѩ絤ʲôιֻèһԣҲ漣ءʵ̫ϲֻèˣϲöе롭
룬ȻھʱǱʣʼղǾԵıʣ
ӵڶ쿪ʼȻ˰Уȫʶ۲Χ
ѩ׵СԺŵ̬켱æһҪ衭
ӻֽߡ
˿̵̽ʵġ±ߣν»ȻԶԶ뿪ïܵĲݴУϢȥһߡԶǸء
쾲Ĺ۲⶯ȫעһ˿
һߣĵſˮߣһֻСצȻˮУĲ
ϢʱʱˮȻһССС
ֻʵ̫ϸСһ㣬ǲϸ֮ɢӰ󲻵ȥˮӰҲ΢΢ô㣬о˿Ӱ졭
ȫãֻǶΪѡ
ôС㣬һҲûУ죡
ˮ֮£γɰЩ㣬ôȻȻŰӿ߶
ڣԶâ˸һ߰ʮĴ㣬ҡҷ壬޾Żβڶ
ˣˡ
͵һۣһž۽ȥ
ǰδеѹͻȻ٣ʱŵôסˣһ˲ȻצӳһӾס֮ˮ
ǻˣһСѩè䣬һʮĴǿƴӳϳֹǰδֱӾǺţţ
ʹϮȻоѣֻȴѾСצȥмһʮĴϾȻðˮ
Ƭ֮䣬ŶĶϢѸСֻðƴСռƵĶ͵Ŵͣһھҧȥ
ƤǴۣԽϸϸƷζƬ̣˽̽ȥ˸̾һζ
ֱеζ
⻹Ҫأǻջʱ򣬽ûõĶȫȫݼһţ˲Ĺ񫡣
⼸֮УүȺһٶְ취ץ֮󣬽֮ʱŨȫǾʱһڳԵ˲Ĵãζ
ϵ֡ǲˮôɶã
ζĨĨִͣ˻ȥ
ԶǻԶûһ糣Ȼٴηĵ۷ֻصŵǸϣһֻצˮУֿʼ
ôûȥµĳأòƸԭƻɣ
û취˾øղųԵζ൱ĺãٳһΣ
һ
һ
ץҳʣȥһֻץµġ
һһ
̫óˣûءٶץһȥһ
һ
治Ǳ˵ʵ̫óˣ
ǸʲôҲץץ
һֱʮ˶ĶӣŸųԳ˵СһҪȥһ
Ȼʻû
ˣǻᰴԭƻµΣ
Ŷǰ˸޹ɰĴ۾ĳţǹػġһ˼ȻǣץûУ
üǸС͵û
ڰβͣڲݴһ꣬ûӰӡ
û
ôû
үһֱƤ£ץأ
үҪˣؼ
ҵǰŶҡҡȥҡҷ˵Сƨɣпޣ޸̾컯棬˿ɰ£ʹضһ䡣
òˣתͷһʧˡ
⻹˵ôõĵطֻҪ㣬춼͹ģ˦СɿɰβͣһСȻǸСϢʧص޾ռ䡣
Ȼĳһ֣ҪҶү֮ϣģҶүû취Ľ޾ռ䣡
ԱˣȻҪҵ㹤ʳѵȥǲġ
Ǹ˸߲ҵĽܱ޵Űء
˵ҪͷŰء
û˾Ȼһڣ˲òడ
ֻ£Ҫʮ°һ£

죬ÿ춼׼ʱ׼ʱʼץ㣬ʣ볢ɾǳÿÿԸĳԡ
ÿһ춼غ׼Ǹ͵Сȴʼպ
֮Զļٶ㣬ô˶ĶӡԾǺһ
⵽ôһأʶǸСզˣѵ֪ڴغԲˣ


84 ռˣ
ģ
ĵĲǣ͵ÿ춼ÿ춼Σÿ춼ǰΣ
ûע⵽˵Թ˭ɣ

ڣڰ֮
һڣŭڣɶĿɶĸĸ͵С˵ôûԭǿʼˣյС

һº
Էʲô˰ֱ͹ĲˡҪˣŶ񣬼Ҫ˳˭͵ҵ㣬ôôûʲôʱǸͷûˡ
òԻ޹ģmia

˵һ¹ңĻôҶЦһ£þͬʮһ
ÿһоԼȥ߰˴ô࣡
ȥĽǣ״۵˳׸оĿࡢſڽࡢƿԡʧеĿҶǲ۲ȫɣ
˵һ׶νһ쿼гɹʱ򣬻Ŀ
⡭
СӾͲˣľǸ״ذôһưƱĽۡ
Ѿȫ˺ȦȦһСֱӶˡ
ʸںܵѵģһǧˣ
Ļ֮£Ȼһһ¼ΪߵĲο
һûģ¼ν̭֮
һµģ׫һ¼һµģһ¼µģһᵥ¼¾ͲΪ㵥λԼһġġġ족Ϊ¼λ
ԶĲ˵͵ԼһոҶǰɼģһֻһˣ
ʣµģࡢɼõģ֮УųƵһŵˣҲŲİ˳ɶѣ
ɼѾúô˶ȴĸ߶ȣ
ڣֳһҶ
һֱһĳɼ
ɶȶԣѾǰٷ֮һ٣ǻҪһУ缫ʮˮʮһΣҪʱ֮ɵ飬˺üΣôǳɣôǳİٷ֮һ٣
һ׶εѵɣ쿪ʼڶ£״ؼݺᣬһ¾ԲֵۡΪ˼ѾܹҶɵܹ֮ɸ¥ģβɴݵĵػ
ǲǵػ
Ƭһļʵɴݻ٣ɶҡޡ
ǳʲôĸ߶ȣǴ´ģ
µѵܹȫܱһµĽȡƯ᣺ô¹ȥ֮ϷʱҲǺЦȪޣ
רкǱ⼸ѾټʮϣʮӿλᡭӰȤ˵˵֮ˡ
״زмһˣ֮Աǵ˵ôⲻǻ˵ôһ϶оǼ飬оǸıȴͼ˶ĿŵҪ񲻸ǣΪǣ
˵Ҳǡ
ҵȫȻЩ㣬ʱȷǱ͵ˡƯźӣ¶ü٣켱öҪˣСΪͷǴɽɫ䣬ܼض֮£ȷ¡
˵СӾɥ־״طŰۣΪһţ˼Ǳ޿ֻҪһоȥЩаŲͶһ죡ôõ飿˵Щ㣬ȫ͵˲źãɶȥĳ룬ط;
һߣ̻ʵҶЦ֮²һ¡
㣿
˵㱻͵ˣ
¼ôôĶأ
Ѳɾǡ
ˣ
أ
ҶЦæ鿴һ¿ռǱߵĶ˵һⳡǰǿȵѵŰ֮Уеûн޾ռˣҶЦһ֮£ȴǴسһֻռƵޱĻӳ֮£·ռ䶼ɫģ
ʲô
ҿˣʱѹûӽȥʲôĵرôһ£
ôôࣿ
ֱǡ
оǣǼһ˼ʹȻڿռ֪ȥ˺η
ҶЦǣǸԭǵǻʱǸͨڣŵǸ棻ȻһСѵĵ񵤡
ִĿ⣬ʮӡ
Щĵ񵤣ҶЦԶ⣬һﱹ˹ֻҪأһ͵ˡ


85 ɱ죡
ûԼٵ֮£ȻôЩĵ񵤣ʱ϶նն̫࣬为ɼޣ޿ôĵ񵤣
ǱߵĶ¼ģСˣ
һӦòᱻץסɣ
ͷһҶЦͽ֮Ϩˡ
˵ץסԼģ߲˵ܹץסˣ¾Ĳˣ룬ͺؽ磬ûܴס
˼ҶЦɵķһ£˵ԪƷΪǿʶ֮£͵ȴأ
£֡
ҶЦȻ֪ѾΪϱλǵУʮϺڰı֤Ҳֶֻ֣һĻǸС͵ɡΨֻ޺СèɿΣ
Ǹ͵С
ÿһ죬ŶͶһΪʲôʧԡ⡣
ȻǹͬȻö˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ȴǰ㲻׶ֻƾƾܲ˼ʵ֤ȻͰԼΪ̹ϲˣĳһԸ֮£ʵԯޣԽԽԶ
ҶЦ֪µʼĩԻһѪȥ
¼䣬бȵ
ܶô͵㣬ôȻҶЦĵڶµĵȴԸӲ˵ͷʼˣ

ĳһط
һԻһƬɽ֮о
һ˵֣ٴУʮ㣬ֱলľԱ
һ̣һȫ׵شһ֧ӣͷʹ˳漴һӰһƺȻˣץ˳ողյĴ촹֮һ㼱£ӰѾʧˣ
ڶм䣬һִеŸոճʣ˱ѾΪǰˣͷ亹
ʲôˣô֪ѪαҲ棿ִ˴˿оֻѽˡ
ˣ׵ˡ
ߣٵʿڲϵĴУסû˾ûˣһ˾ǣûҪΪһȥƴ˵ĿĲǼҵŭ𣬵ɽֻҪ뿪ˣɢǾͻԳ֣ﲻҪмƣ
İڳƣס󳵣һʱ֮ɱֻ֮Ҫס˳Ǿǳɹˣ
ִ˿սʮͬ飬ȴᡣ
İڶˣϵڣżֵΣȫһ飬ٳʮ˶ҪѪˡ

ɽУΥܸɴؽŸյֵѪɽȥ㿪ʼ˹ѪҩΪС
Ҫ˵ܲǣ̫˷ѣ֮ɣʱ̺΢ʵûʱҲûۣԸӺķʽѪΣڵһʱ佫֮תΪսΪʵʣ
Ҫ˵Ľַ̬½òҲ࣬ĲͬΪ⡭ӣǴ֮صġ
µĵ֮ΪԼȴҶЦطʱ
˹һת³һȻʧɽ֮䡣
һεĲִѪΣΪΪ
ԴϵѾǵʮ׷ɱ
ȴûκΰ취飺Լֹز죬κԴԴ
һЩʶ֪
ҶЦٱ͵һԴ֧ԮеĻȡԴ͵ˣ
һ·
ţƽԲԼɡ
ǹӱˣէһˣͿӵһԼʵĿֲ磬˭һ˳˳ˮӱȺӡǰӵıݻأ

Ĺƣһһһ
˵ǸȻҶЦҶүһ˽㣬ƽ굤Ԫ̣Ŀǿһ·ȥɲǱ˳Ⱥӵıݻôǰӵкһ
˵һ
ڵļȷҪǱ仹ҪҶ࣬ΪһĵһƱ⣬Ǻܲҵһʵİᳵ
ӲҵǣȻɹˣ
ҵǣװص൱Ԫʯ
һȴͱѣ
ٵɹȻԶԶߴǸ͵ضԣȴҲǺ绽ĴڣҰ֮УλԪ
ڣֱӾͳ˹󣬼ÿһ죬ڱ׷ɱ֮УϦ棡


86 ıӦ
Ͼ˴ԪʯԵһΪҲǻһͻͽÿһ죬֮ɥµ֣ͻٶˢһ
һһɱ֣
㵱ǰΪֻĩɱʶȴʵʵڵģⷽ濼ĻǸ磬Ƕļ
ϢֶΣ¯ࡢǷ켫ġ
ɣȻǸֲ٣ʵǿԪ֣ӵһ־ǿʵ˵ʼֻһСطİɣȻΪԶԶǣĽȴֲܹġ
һʱ䣬Σķһ
ֻҪλԪ֣ͲΣա
ڣɷΪһƴıӣ
ǳΪ޲Ĵ۱ǣԼ

һˣƽ죬СӹÿνĶࡣ
䶼ǵǹƥεӰֻǣƽ첻ͬ
ƽи֣״̬
ΪҶЦľۻ굤ֽ׶ѾܹݵγȻҲֻܹڿ¶һӰ˶ѡ
һӰȴѾ㹻ˣ
£κһλ棬˸оëȻĴڡ
ƽڵΪͲʸǵʲô֣ܹǵ鷳ֻҪȥƮһƮ㹻ˡ
δ֪Ŀ־壬˵ͨνߣԴʵҲ⣡
ˣһĻǻëȻͷ亹תܵġ
ôǿ֣ƽԴνһƽ˳˳ˮǿƴ߶ȡ
ƽˣȻмȴһģҲܹͬĿ꣺ǿԼȴյط꣡
ҶЦ˵ĹԶԽȥԽǾ䲩纣ԨһգС
ʱ䣬ô׷ɱ״̬йȥ
˵ԽԽǳΪҲһȲ

һط
ͬüı°ƮƮڱѩ֮С
ǰһƬ£棬Ȼл컯γɵ֡
ǧɱ
ǵģǧɱ
ɽϵ£һ˶ľͱ飡
ǧɱ֮УһصĹ
֣ͽСı
֮ģ֮ǣǧɱǧɱһ
ڿУ£ǧϼ⣬ʺĹ֮ʱµϣٶйһ˿Υ΢Ц
Ǳˣŵһλ긾Ůǹ˵ˡ
ˡǷл
Դǿƻع֮󣬳õƹٶ£ƹĵӳеֱ֮֮ǰսսСľ
·в۵ļһϷ䣬ͻʲôģ֮ܶһ仰⡣
һΣһ·ߵȻȫƽƽˣ±˶⣬лɣǲԼ½зˣ
ţȴŮ˵ͨǴڨʱᷳޱȣǵҲ˴ڨͬᷳǳ࣬Ů˰
֮ڱ֮УλɫŮԶ
һϮʤѩ£ºЦݣΨüе֮ˣһأɫ绪ôȻȴѾȻȻ˸оǣ߲ʡ
ֻλɫ˵ü۽ǣȴŨŨİ
㣬㻹Ǹ𣿡̾Ϣһ
ôӦ֮УıؿţԼ޹֮һĹƺһŷģѾĹ֮еˣһˡ
϶һ仰ʾ䣬ˣʼ
¶㲻ġӦ΢΢ҡͷΨаΨĸŻ֪Ŀ̹ġע˵ġ
Ψһ죬ŻǣӦĿԣ죬뿪ĵİٰʮ죬ʱ죬ѾһаˡҲ֪棬᲻įǸûĵģ֮󣬻᲻ڵôңˣ᲻١
һ૵ûаΨаΨ
ҲôĲôĸǡİô
ҵ飬ɷˡӦ̾һǷΣһµʱ䣬ǻһظҾȥȥ֮λ̽ɽΪ򱨳𣬿һȻ
㣬򲻿ɣ¶ʱһһеŵĵ֣


87 ˭֪
ҵıҪȥӦ˵Ȫ·Զһһ˾üţκǣҪնϣҴǣϣܼһ棬źֻǣǻ߾ȪҪиĿ֮ǰܹɱ֮ˣǺõġ
һܲܡõЦôˣһΪ˶ûС
Ѿһʱ⣬Ҫˣһε֣
Ӧ۾עмʯϡ
һһɿɸߣͨ񹹳ɵʯ
֡
ЦӢۣ
㣬ЦӢۣӦͳģһһٵ˵
ü֮䣬ȫһڡ޻صľȻ
̾˿֪Լ˵ʲôþӦı⡣
ԴЦ֮󣬾ӦʵѾ֮ȥˣ
ڻŵģֻһǶѣ
һ߷绪ǣ
˭ĿԼĺýãôȥѰ
㣬Ҳ˵ֻ½ҽõһᣬٻڣһ£ʵʣίʵǡ
Ҳֻв⣬˵ʱϣȴֳľᣬ֡˵˼
ʲô£Ҫ˵˵˵գν£ﻹݣӦĮȻӦ
ʵǶϵκ飬ѾʧȥȤ
Ȼ˵ĻޣεѰζ޶ԣ֮УǵˣͷԱ
µıԥðΣһҧ˵㣬ǽ֮飬ûи˵
ӦһЦ֪ǿԣʼգûи
¾ˡüͷǸˡ֪ǡе֪ˡҲһֱؿƿκ˶û˵Ϊλй֮¡
ҲһֱΪǽ֮£ֻ˱˴֪ʵϣϣһҲ֪˵
˭ӦȫûκȤģֻ˳ôһ䡣
һȥ½ͽ֮ʱǱһˡΪҵͽܡˡ˵Щ¡
ӦȻԴȫȤڵŶ
ǰûмڼʱ򣬳òҽһԼ˵ҽб¡üͷ˵ʱҵ֣Ӧ֣٣ѪɫʣӻЩҾͺֵһ仰
ҵ֣Ϊʲô쳣Ӧ˵ΪǺ½ͲӦ˵ҵֲ
Ӧͷô˵
µʱʶ˵һ仰˵ǰ˵֡
Ӧü˵뺮½ͨڡǳŶз֧Ǳ߸ԴСΪĳЩ˵֣ҲΪɣ
˵ĲʱҲô룬Ҿҵ֣ǴǼɵĴǱ˵ҲԽ͵ͨĻشȴҴһ
ô˵ģ
ʱϵıܹŹ֣˵һ仰ǡƮ¡һֵ˵
ӦҲûΪ仰Ŷּ̡ԣ
һ̣ӦȻ͵վһǰĲ輸ͻĶڵأˮһأȴδԣⲻԣ
µҲòô
˵ǡƹ£Ʈ£ӦͻȻһƬҰףضűµȻֻһ֮
Ʈ£ȷһ䣬֮˵˵ҽžͽӳһ䣺嫺ľӦ
ȻأӦؿڼһ¡
Ȼͱ㾡ϣ˵ϵ㡭˵ֻ˵һ䡭˸һ¡
˵ѣӦһͺ׹˵ѣƮ£仰Ҷ֮⣬Ȼûκ֪
˵ûе֪
ӦȻû
һ仰˵һ֮ʣͻȻסˡ
񻺻תضסԺ棬Ǹʯ
ʯϣЦӢ֣⣡
֪ʫһǵá»˵Ʈ£嫺ľӦƸЦ·ѣ
ۣ
Ӧһ棬ƺȫĹͷһ̶ȫʧˣ˾̱ϡ


88 ̽ɽ
Ʈֻ֣һˡãӦһ˵ʫǰ䣬ģȻֻһ֮ֻһ֮ǻȻ
ĿճյؿĹ
ƹ£ûгʶˣҲ׼ȷؽ֮˵ĳԲĿ󣡡
Ǹ˾Ȼ֪ΪʲôӦֽץαǽѾףĺԽԽ١
Ǹˣʲô֣Ӧʵ
˵з֮衭»ش
֮衭Ӧ૵š
¿žӦ˵֮Ӧֻ˵ĻһΣͽܻصʦ֮󣬸ңԭǸ֮衭ʵݣȻһˣǺ½ʵ۹򱱴󽫾ҶĶӣһ깫ӡ
ҶĶӡӦЩãȻ˭
һֵ˵ңɵǡλҶӵֻ֣֡СҶЦ
ľҶҶЦݵЦתΪٵ˵ʵ۹֮һţЦӡ
ӦһԴһᣬ˹ȥ
ãӦڱµľ֮ãȻղš˵ʲô˽ʲô֣ҡղšû˵һΡ˵һκô
εҡҡͷɫ֮ȻЩֻʣȴղ˵飬˵һ顣
Ӧš
ҶӣƽصΪôģӦʵ
Ǻ˵һ竣оٵͷʶǻش
ȻѾ뵽˾ӦζֻҶЦһ棬˵˳
ֻǣ´˼ʻûвô˵գĵ׾ȻһȫȻΪ˾Ӧô
ӦŬؿԼĺҪȥҪȷµȫʼĩ
գѾ²ȥˡµ
ӦɫȻһ
㵹Ҳ̫ģΪλҶӣ֮ǰգ򡣡µֻڻǲ֪ʲôطžˡ
ӦĿһȻ˵һ꣬ȴôʮ߰ͣա򣿡
¿Ц竣ֻαװɡ
ӦһͻȻ˳һҪҶЦ
ţ׽룬ֿܡûаɡԥһ£˵һ䡣
֪Ӧ֪ʲô˼һҪҺγ֪ǾԲܵ飬ԾҪȥ
£һΣҪȥ
ȥֻȥһ֡
Ӧ˵ֻһ仰
µʲô
ӦŹ⣺ǸˣľͽҶЦľҶҶЦݵЦЩһƭҵģ
¾֣ׯϵ˵йش£һֻԣԸǴ׷
Ӧͷ
ӰĹվ΢΢̧ͷĿ⿴Ĺ֣þû˵
𽥵
֣Ը𣿡Ӧ˵ָ֣룬ҲԸ⡣
¾ھӦ󣬾ע
ϦգӦӰһƬϼ⣬Ĺ߲ʷ׳ʣһ̣ӦӰȻͺһĬĹȻΪһ塣
һֹ¶ɪĸоôȻ
¿ſţûвԼ֪ʲôʱѾ档
ʲô飬Żˣ

¶뿪˱
ߵʱ򣬾ӦûЯԶͣվɽң
ȻĿ⣬ȴûĿԶȥı£޾֪ʲô»δߣȻãȻ֮С
һֱȥɽ£ͷ֮ʱܿӰУɽϣճյվţվš
֪ڿԼ
ڿƬأϵκ¡
Ц渴ˡöˡſţĪһᣬȻðôĵ뷨

ڱ뿪ĵ졣
ӦһϮ£ɴ棬ƮȻ˱㣬ٶ̤˽
ĺǳǳĬĵġ
һ·һռָһѳһϮɴ
ǰЩ֮꣬߳ʱһ㡣
д⡣
еıɫһƬŵȴ˸оһ˳²ô򵥡
ھӦ߳ǧɱһֻ̣ѶݣȻɽ裬ʧƲ֮С
ӦЦʷ򽭺֪˿ǲ١
ҶЦȻһʱ䣬Ӧٳûκζ˶Դ˸о񣬾Ӧٶָ̽
ȴôܲ˾裿


89 
ţֵɽŷڼ䣬İ׮ȴҲûг룬Ҫڵһʱ֪ӦĶ
˵ĳ֮һ
ӦĸΪȴ֮һ
ŮӵУȴѩһǿ֮⣬ҪԾӦˣ
ڳĴѶݣӦֻб۾˿޶ԵƮȻȥˡ

ӦɽˣͻľϢڲ϶ʧıҲ˲ˣ£һˣôװɴ̽
ڵõ˿϶Ĵ֮쳤̾һ
һ籩ˡ

籩
һΣڷƸЦһΣ嫺ľӦ
ǧɱ˭ΪĺվӦ
籩ˣ
ǾӦ𣬷򡭡˳˺ޣ
ڵõӦɽϢ֮Ÿ߲ķӦһ£
ô죿
ô죿
ô죿

ʵϣûоӦĺ쳾һ£⼸Ҳǿƽʵȴǰӿ
ܼ򵥣ߴ󳬼ţͬʱɽȫɽꡣ
ͬʱ£ǰδС
һЩľʵģĽɣʼ̧ͷСᣬҲ˿ʼչ
ߴŷɽͬʱɽνǽеĪ¡
ǽڶɵõչռ
ڴ֮ǰЩѹƵôϢչ
һǺųµһɵġšڳõʱҲһʵ̫̫ѾĽɽΨĳļɵһ
źųµһɣǵߴ󳬼ŵκһţڣ޽ҡ
һΣſԾˡ
ɽʱ䣬㹻޾޴ԴͲƸʱ䣬㹻ɽεۺ
ߴŷɽϢֹǸɵطңҲͬϲɫ
û֪ΪʲôʱԺɨ¡ΨҶǿƣһɳȫɽֻΪ˳ô÷ɽȴȫûбҪġ
˴ˣˣͳˡ
αػҪҪ˼ҷɽأ
žȴһ
ȫû顣
벻ͨ벻ͨԭʵҲҪǰĹؼֻУ󳬼ѾȷϷɽˡߴĵӣѾϤ뽭عš
ƹ
Ʈ֮Уһ£վھۣԶһƬ䣻ˣͬһ
ɫЩ԰ס
һ֮гģҲҪ˵ġ
ɽ£λ϶ǹվš
ʾԺô졣
ҶԴһηľٶȻͷ죬ȴҲɻΪʲôϻô嶯
Ȼϧһٵеĳ
򵥵ķԸ˼䣬ͻظӣ˵
λ˿ͬʱˡ
˼ɽµʱƺƵģ˵һ仰
͡
ȴܹˡ
仰ǣ
ͬʱ䣬ڵӦǰȫ˺ܶ࡭ƺ˵ʲôȴˡ
һƬƮӰͺȻ֣ʵĿˡ
λɻ󣺰ȫ˺ܶࣿʲô˼ѵһֱо򲻰ȫ
ԴϵΪ֮£Ĵ֮⣬ʲôطܹҲоȫ
ȴǰѯʣֻдʣص档

ϣ˸֮⡣
ҲһƬ
ǡҶң
Ҷҳȫ̧ͷΪ¹ǿѹȣû˸ҸҶߵ׽
ֱͺǱһ㡣
ѹʱʧˡ
ȻֻʱʧȻֻ꣬Ѿܶˡ
ΨһҶ˲ˬģǵǸ¹ѹҶҵףҲʱˣĿ£в㣡
Ҷˣ
ҶĹҶ˵飬˵ǼΪìܸӡ
ҶڽҶҴŵһ̣ҶֱӾǼʧ
ôˣҶүʺӵĵһ仰үӵ۾һƬ˼顣
ҵļңΪβܻѵҲҶҵһôԼĸףҶʾ֮䡢ϣѾ½ʮꣻգѵûű췣ѵʱһ
ҶȻǿǿӲˣίҲǺ֮


90 ҽ
Ҷүӳ棺գĪ֮κΣԻص򣬵ȴóȻصҶңѵ㾹֪ΪǼ£㱻ѹʮꡭ
Ҷ쵭飬ѵûиֻۣжʮʱ˿̣Ѿʮˣ
һ֮õ껪Ϊ¶ȥġü֮βסʹࣺ׼ʲô˼岻ô߾ǣش󣬺δΪң
ҽĳԣֻҪ˼ңĸףӵТҵĵط廳һ¹ʵأĸͷıΪҶı֡˳ңҶˡ
Ҷһھһ仰ߣ
Ҷүӽر۾
֣Լӣĳˡ
ҲǵǸ˴һһŵҶˡ
ȣķȣƣƣ
ȻԼҲǵľнȴҲǰˡ
ȻĻ֮УȻŶԻعĿͬҲóǸ뿪Ҳ̫⡣
̫ġ
ΪѾ˹һΣˣҲˡ
治֪ԼǸģԼӵת䣡
֪嵱ģҲûа취Ʊǿ֮ҲۿģǲߣҶҾͻᱻ˵Ҷҷֹһ˵ҶңҶһҶңΪһ˶١
Ҷүӳ˼һ£ͬģع֮ҲϷһ˾˵ģҪλһ¡
ͳ˵ȥլĸסЩΪ㣬۾޵Ϲˣܻο塭
ҶۿͻȻ͵һ죬ɲǼ䣬ǻľǿƽίһ仰֮ʧøɸɾ
ĸףΪ㣬۾Ҳ޵Ϲˡ
ҵȼľҶҴҵһ仰첽լ
ƺѾٴȥ
λں½Цƣ²۶ӵĺҶ˧һ̣龹ǼΪġ
ȻԾǿȻֳԼں̬ȣȴǺµģ£ԼһαԼļţ
ȴֻһһȴٵһ̣֪Լ߻
ֻܵȣĵȴȫȻûκΰ취
ڵҶ죬ҵһȴǡҿûдЦЦһ
ЦЦĸԣĪ˵ƾһܴ֮һƬ죬߶ص
ҶЦҷΧ֮УȻ˽淶򣬸أҶȻȻҽʮ꣬ԶԼмĸ飬ۼ嵱ԼΣԱǣȴնϣǣӰǸģ
죬ĿǰΪʲôˣĽŲʧլڵһ̣ҶүӲκϣ׷һ䡣
꣬Ҷᣬֻöʮ꣬ѾԪƷľ˸߶ȣǾҶҶۣΧڣ˵һһţǰ;ν
ȴҲԻ͡־ʱ¹ѩ
Ȼ󣬱ƷΪһ޷ָİˣ
Ҷүһʣ˳ڡ
ʵʳ仰֮үӾͺˡ
ѾˣΪֻԼαһ仰˺ۣ
һΪ䣬޷Ȭ֮ˣʲôز⻹ô
ʱһ⣬ǽ˴̣
ƫƫˣѯʶӣ
ҶĽŲͣסЩ²ٷʵޣֻԪƷ
ҶүӺǺЦԪƷô治͵صɴ۾ʲô˵ʲôղ˵ʲô
Ȼүǰһ̻ڹԼӵ飬ûӻݣ۶˵ΪΣֻ¶Ǽ׶ӻػݣǻ˲ʱתΪţ޷ţ
ôܣ
ޣֻԪƷ˶ѣҶԼܵıƽ
֪ʲô
ճ˵ԼֳܹǻԪƷ䣬Ѿ˾̾̾ϳ漣
ϾԼŴԴΪƶĺ½½硣
Լ޷ָˣ
ڱУҪ˵ǽΪǻָƣҲǲܣԼֻҪѾˡ
˭õԼһΪûг䣬ˣһָԼǱ˴ƷΪ
ڸǰһ󲽣ﵽԪƷΣ


91 飡
ʮʱ䣬ԪƷƷΣܿɹ󣬸˵Ҷļȸ״
βһ漣
ֻһ뵽漣ҶͲԼĶӡ
ǲԼһĽڣ
ԼϵˣԼӳκõģʹӣΪܽҲΪԼĶӸԼһ
ҶȫţֻҪԼնӸĹȥ֮ʱԪ
ҶүӴ˼ȻѾסˣԪƷ
ôܣ
ԼĶӣǸѱ˹ΪĶӣһô𺳵Ϣ
İˣȻˣҶүѿʵҸ͵Щҩã
ү仰һڣȴҶĵһƬůȻ
ԭЩյЩԴǸ͵͵ȥġ
Щÿ궼յԴһĸˣԼʡȥģһȻԼһ飬һֱԼĸȥġ
ҿƺ֪ĸҲ͵͵ԼԴ顭Ϊ֪ĻͻʣǸ͵Щҩã
ǣǣǡң
ãҶһ̣˳
ԭΪģЩѾڵ飬Ȼڵġ
ԭҲûиĸˡϧ
Ҷ˼Ȼ˵ԼĶôôӲ˵ԼӹػԼİԴȫȻãֻΥĵ˵׵ҩãҲΪ˸ο˵һƬȭȭ⡣
ҶүӹԵһۺӣȴΪ鼤Ծ˼ӣȴԴϲǾ̫ˣΪٳ߸ͷһҾаգ˵壬ˣ
ҶۿһȣŤͷլ
ĸףĶӻˣ

Ҷϼ屻ŵĴ½ˣ
Ҷϼ嵱ǳ׻ˡ
Ҷ죬ҶϼĵһŻˡ
ϢһʱҶϼڲȻ󲨡
ԷĴ򣻶ÿһ֮£䣬ֳ˸СҶϼ壬λ򱱷
ڱ֮УϷϷһΪ
չ
Ҷϼ㴦
֮У󳬼壬ģǰ˴壬ϷָءϸС塣
Ҷϼ壬˵󲻴˵ССҲֻһмƫһЩͼ壬֮ǰҶЦԼϵҶ֮ʱԲѵթ˵ʲôҶϼһ壬ʵǵʱ޼ƿʩΨթԸǰǿ޿ɺˣȴ֪ԼϵҶβ֪Լĵ̣Ȼеʵνһ壬ʵǲ̫ңԶˣ
ңԶϵ¡
Ҷϼ壬һ壬ıҲͲᷢˣ
ǾΪҶǼ£ҶϼڷٷչҶϼȻֹԭϣ϶һΪһ壬Ĵ壬ԭİ˸ΪŸ飬ʵһǧɣһͼ֮վסţ䵽СıԵϡ
ҲΪ£ԵҶڳ޵ļһҶ˷ŭ벻
汲ǧϣڣ˵ŬѪС
ۼɹȴôػٵ
ԵأԷ磬½Գաһ̣οǻ£
ǾǣҲԼʲôɫһֻ󡣬ȴҪƥ䣬˺塭
ҲԼＸȻ¹ŮˣȢô
Ӧã
ԼӦҲͰˣȴΪͬѣҶϼι
Уۼο

ۣνﲻ޾
Ҷˡ
Ҷϼ޿ɱһȻ󲨡
ΪָΣҲͬҶڼ壡һվһ¹֪ˣһǨŭôҶֻ¾ˡ
⻰˵Ҳͬ⡣һϻڣҶǸǣҶôƽۿžܿʼһηչƫƫʱֻˣΪһ¹ѶʦӦôսԾɲһ㣬ܽһŭ¹Ϊ
зԵģȻҲг޳ģҾҲνȻȷʵˣ˼壬ϾˣңѾܵ˳ͷ
ǰ˵Ҷ죬ڳÿһˣ˭ûиʱ򣿡


92 
˵ˣƯʮ£ͷҲ࣬αؽƣ˵ףҶҶģαعУ
˵Ǽ֮⣬δҶһϣģҶһ͵ˣڳˣ˭˭ǿҶ쳤ģοΪԼĺ󱲣һᣬδزǸһᣡ
ļɵ¹׷¹ɽ˵Ƿɽ꣬ʱʵδ֪֮ΪһʵǷΪҵҪ˵¹ʱɽǡôʱعҶңҶ𣡡

Ҽͬ⣡˵ʲôҲãôͬ⣡һϺһĺȺֶֻ֮򣬾Բڼ壡
һϺһʲôҶҲܻص̳˵λˣвֲ֮Ϊ
ϲȻŭʲôвʲô˼
ۿžҪ
һͷ׷Ĵһֱûпڣڻڣ£á
ǵҶҳмĹؼνأҶλ𾴣һ˵˾Ͷ֨ˡ
ĵ˵
ãȻ⺢ӻˣôǽ֮پ֮⣬ȷʵԵҶ̫ѪˡǾɡϻ˵ȴҲһ˵ǰ棬Ҷڼ壬ƲָܻԭλϣֻѰݶԴڼ̳мĴ顭͸ûʸˡ
仰˵Ҷû˵
Ȼ˵ˣ˼Ѿȫ̶ˣȻˣûͬϵ˵̬
⼸ҲԵһϳɳأΪȣҲûɣҶҶ
ЩԭˣȻڴ˵֮󣬼ʱת̬֧֡
ȻϽһһ
ڼλϵҶүȴ̾˿
֪Щ˼ʱıԣȫΪ˹˼ϵӣҪΪ˴˵Ǿ仰
Ҷڼ壬ƲָܻԭλϣֻѰݶԴڼ̳мĴ顭͸ûʸˡ
仰ͬǶɱҶҶҹһлʸ񣬼ȻûʸôͲΪԼ˵ľ֡Ļ֮ҶҲν
һܹ˶һ֡
ղᵽڵΪѾָоȴ֪ʲôˮ׼Ͽ͸ӽ峤ǵ鶼̾һתͷҶүʵ
ڵΪԪƷҶүҶֻоԼĺЩɬ
ҲΪҪԼĶӵΪǣоһϲԼĶӣڿˣ̳Լλʼǿؾס
ֻǣȴҲоһġ
ܹԭ򣬲ΪҶҲΪһΪΪˡûоȡ˾ʸɣܹġ
֮УȨʲôʱ򾹱ôˣ
ѵһ
һ̡
Ҷү𰸵˾ĵɴ۾
ԪƷҲһӵɴ۾ŵĿҶࡣ
Ҷ죬ԪƷΪ
ôܣ
ȻղҶүᵽҶΪû˲о˶ΪүΪҶ
Ҷ챻ŵʱԭԪƷΪƷиָ̽鵽ҶˣƸ޷һʳʣΪ֮ҶΪ֮󲻵޷д˲ˣڼʲôôټ¹ǿƣԶ
Ҷү˵ҶΪָоܲУҲҶΪĳֻԵκãΪָԪƷƷĻϣѾܲļˣ
ǣѶ֤ԭҶ죬ΪԪƷ֮
νΪָľҶԭΪԪƷȴǰ󲽡ԪƷ
ԭǸ岻˵ڵδ̫ɶһ˰ɣ
룬Ҷϼ壬ԪƷмأ
ԪߣߴЩԣ΢ڽطңԾ൱ش壡
ԪÿƷһƿƷ֮ĸ߶ȣٷ֮ʮŵߴҲ;ʹֹˡ
Ҷ֮ں½ǵƶӵĻǵָΪԭļƿԽƷأ
һٴﵽ˰Ʒ
Ҷϼ壬ԪǿҲֻһڵĴϣԴϲнһһƣͬģҲΪԪǿߵĴڣҶϼеһδϳĵλ


93 ˭
Ҫﵽλһ־ǸüһҪеԪǿ
ҶǿߣԴ֮£ǼλϣӵԪƷƷ۷ʵˣ϶ԪƷнףףԼԪƷʵ
ÿ߽һƷΪν飡
ҶүҶԼҲֻʮǰͻԪƷнײζѣңͣھƷнףδд
һ仰˵ңҶϼ壬ԪƷϵģȫȴҲʮˣ
еԪȫϣոͻԪҲȫڣҲһˣ
Ҷϼ˿ڻȴ֮࣡
ÿ׬ȡľ󲿷ֲȫҪԴЩ͵ǰнȶԣ֮ԴȻȲһ½硢ȶӵҶ죡
ѵ˵Ҷ½硭Ȼɵ𣡣ϵ۾۵Ĳ֮ģԵúǻܿЦ
û˶ЦΪϵ񼣬˵񼣡
һƬǰļž֮С

λ֮λĺҶǿҶˡ
ңΪһرְλ
Ҷϼʿܽϰ
һ磬ʵȴûаʵȨְλ˵ˣǡΪܸߣǧ˷ˡ
Ȼô֣ƶ½綼ܽ˹ɽı鴫ڸ֮н̵ıӡ
ָӵΪ
Ψһ
ģ֮ʲôҪʲôȴǲĵġȻеҪֵʱȻҪֵġ
֮һ仰ʲôͣʲôɺã㴫ʹڣȻͱһ֮أҶϼ˵ݣ
ֻǶһУҶ첢⡣
ǰֻҪڼ֮ԼĸףԸˡ
Եõʱ䣬Ҳ
λʲôģҶ⣬ֻ˵ǲ⣬ں½ʮ£˧ֹλ˳˼ۻҲƽƽЩλοƣ
ڼȨʲôģҶǰҲȤҪ˵ȡĳмʸ񣬾˵㻹ǵļ̳ˣ忴㣡
ҶҲֻἴʱϴʾܾһȤûУӵһضûУ
ֻһ˼ֻТ˳˫ףȻΪ㹻ĸ߶ȣҾȥѩӻҶӽӻ
ҶеԸ˶ѡ
ʱֻһžۣ¾ʹ뿪ҶңΣ
ϣʮ֮һٶȾףҶүӸ쳣
¾磬ٰ磬ΪӵĹӷ硣
һһѾ궼ȾƵҶϷˣҲЦĺ˼Цݾþδȥ
ֱ£Ҷһ£һҪ飺һžۣزأ
仰һʳүϷɫʱ
¡ܾȥĵڶ꣬˽ɱȣ촦Ϸᡰˢһ
Ҷһסˣ
ЩһֱΪԼ뿪ˣﻹԼֵܣչ˫ף֮Т
ܷģԼԶغ񣬾ԱԼǿ
ԼһûлеܵڼһУܷġ
ȴû뵽ܾȻԼ뿪ĵڶѾˣ
⡭ôӵģ
ôôôģ
Ǻεȵ
ԭԼ˼ֻһԸТָЦ
ҶžƱ֣ͻȻҵزһ˫۾Ȼˣй͵¹ʼ񲻱ǶԼǰŶԷҾҶ죡Ҫôһɣ
붯Ҵ磬ɱң
˻
ĵԪǿߣܺáѪУֻ磡
κ裡
Ҷ
ԭ֣Լãԭ֮ˣԼ
ܡҶ̲סޡ
ܵôģҶ۾еĺ⡣
֪ҶүӲЦһ϶ǵ촦ʬ壬䡭Ϊ˱ǱĿʮ꣬ȻͻԪƷнף޲ε찵ãȴҲʼղֵ֪˭Ӳ֪ʲôµ֣Ȼôúݣôľʬ嶼ϷŹ
Ȼȥڶ걻ɱô־Ͳ¹ˣԵҪôֵΪȻܸߣ
ôʲôˣ
ҶƿԼĸףҶϼ壬Ҳ˼̳˰ɣ


94 أ
Ҷүɫһ԰ף૵˵
ʲôû˵Ҷ쵭ѪծҪѪ
һΪܱģҶüëҵܵ˭ɱֵܣҶҪۣ
κˣҪۣ
Ҷصģһһֵ˵

һᣬϷڻˣ˻ο
λˣӣһ˱һѾʹʮꣻһڻˣٶȳлϥ¡
ȻԾˣԾᣬԾʹԼȥĶӣ˼ο
Ӷ˰ٺϸ˺鷿
Ӷˣһһ̸ֱҹ
Ҷү˵һһֱ˵ȴֺ˺ӵĻ
鲻Ȩҿ⵹δһ¡Ҷү˵
ү֮⣬ҶֻǳĬĵͷû˵ʲô
죬ʲô㣿Ҷү̽ʵ
ӵķӦʵ̫ˣүҶֻʮͷͣԪƷΪӢ˲ǻ׳־ʱڼįƽ
ңʱûɶ㰡Ҷ֮ΪоТ˳˫׶ϡڱģҲûɶˡ
˵úƽƽһ׿ˮ
ûʲô㣿ҶүӲĵʵ
СҶȻ̧ͷۿѾˣΪܱ𣡡
ҶүӲһ¡
ԡ
֪Ҷ쿴ԼĸףףľܣģԵ޹ʱɱȻΣ
пѾ֪˭˵ΪʲôҺףҶıԼĸף֪Ŀԣ
ǣҲҶݺݵ˵
Ҷү쳤̾İ
ԣһԼȥ飡Ҷ쵭ǡΪ˱һαҶң˵Ϊ˱ҶҲڣ
һҪ
ҶĿѪɫ
һһ䣬նȼյģĳޣа۲ӣУһǰģ
ӶͬʱĬ
ãûжʲô
Ҷ촹ͷᾲʡ
һһĳ֮үٴοڣȴǸıصĻ⡣
ղšĸһ¡Ҷүԥеϣʵأ
ҶԻȻ̧ͷ
״ֱԼ׵۾
Ӹε֮УҶܹóһ˶ĿһֶںܵĪ
˶Ū֣֮
ղųԷʱû˵̫̫һġϸ˱ϾڷԼɷ˳
Ū֣֮κһ˶ǿġ
˭ϣϥã
ŰɣҶүӼҶþòĵвԤЩ־ʵ
ˣԼֽõһ޷ܵĻش
ǱϾԼ
ԼΨһ
ңүкףѾûˣԴӵƢһǸ¹ѩ֮⣬±Ůһ۶ῴ
Ҳ˵ѪпܾһΨһˡ
СӻأͦáҶ̾˿Сͦ˧ģ㣬裻ҲЩ
үͷһʯͷ£ǺǣûеôС
ȴ̾Ϣһϧѷ⣬֪ʱٿСһֻⱲӶҪںˣҲãѾΪĵˣݵ̣ҪӺ£νΪţͷΪβǺӽںȻԵټȫݣһϲǣڻ¡
үӻȻ˵ƯҲһԸʵֵʧȴҲԶ׼
Ҷҡͷ׵ҲʧһΪں۷֮ϣǸ½ѾʢҲѾˡ
ʲô˵ȻѾôСͣʮ߰ɣҶүһ˫۾̽յһؾѾӵ˷ʵһž޵ţ
Ҷ¶ůЦݣֹţС֮еţһϣҵ껹ҪҪǿǿö࣬ǿĶö࣡
һǿһαһ֣أȴĽԼɣ
ǡزҶүӽʵ
ҶĬãһȻʱ֪䣬һҲҲңΪĻܻܿ
̧ͷֱŸ׵۾ҲңĲҡ
ңƺ˲ͽүӸ׻ˡ
үԭͦεһ̱Σû˵һ仰һ֣ݣƺҲһ˲˺üꡣ


95 ҶЦ
ãҶүӲҵЦЦ˵Ĳˡıˡ
ǵġҶĬ˵Ͳ˵¹вʮҶңҲٻһ˰ɡ
ΪǽѪĲɱȨϴƣ
ҶЦһܶɱˡҶôŵĻ£ľѪϾˡ
Ҷүɫһӱࡣ
һ˫֣߬ȭͷ¶
ҶԣšĪԼȥٲǣڳϵķ֮С֪֮ܵǰľڣҸΪҵľеҡ
ֻϣܹҶү̾Ϣ
ڴ븸׷ģԼ㣬Ϊ˴أʱȻҶңֻǾҲὫһۡҶ˵
ãҶүĿһһҪҵӡĺӡ
̾˿᲻֪ĵ䣺ССͣڣѾô࣬Ϊˡ
ҶͻȻ̾˿븸׷ģǻعġȻΪǣܻҶģԶı䣡
ǵģҶɫһʲôطҶģ
漴µʵǺӽʲô֣
Ҷӹһ˿ε飺Ҹȡ֣СҶЦ
ҶЦҶԴһ͵վӣܸȡ֣һ޴ļɻ䣡Ȼȴ㲻֪ҶЦζʲô
Ҷ̾˿ʱҡɥԾͶ·ʱԼͶӻᱻɱӵĶӳ˻Σա
ԸɴΪȡ֣ҶЦЦյ֡Ҷ˵ţһ죬ʲô飬֣ԷܹΪλЦҲʲôϵ˼ɣʹɱ֣Ƕѡ
ֻҪԷһ룬ô⺢ӻĻͻ˺ܶࡣ
׵ģܱӻԼӵİȫҲֻáҶʹ˵Բȡϣȡ˵ɡ
ʱţЦ֪ˣĲȻŭҲֻɱΪȡ֡ռ˵ˣ޹ȻǲᶯģңЦȻϲŭ޳а֮䣬ȴû˵Цɱ޹ġ
ȴû뵽ǡЦЦʮʱλµЦȻˣǷծûлỹˡҶһƬᣬͲ
ҶҲΨĿ࣬
֮󣬱ֻиĲ
ԼĶӣԼΪһ֮һ֮ȴܱͶ·ĶӣɷѿĵΪԼȡһ֣ϣԴΪȡһݱȻݱҲΪ
ò˵ݱķʮ㣬ģ˭֪ҶЦĴأ
㲻֪ҶЦ˭֪Цأ
žϹӣҲ֪ġ
ǵģͷеֻҪЦ˲ƽϲô˭ҪɱҶЦҪǿǡ
ΪЩǺ˵ġ
ɱҶЦɱҶЦ˾ң
仰˭˵أ
ֻҪǸðŭЦΣգΪ룬ôҶЦ֣ܹ֤Ӷȹ֮Σνǰ϶顣
ǣЦѾˣٻԻ͵ͷҲѾΪʷҶϳ鴤˼£ڣҶЦ֣һֽɣŵ֪һҲҶЦʹֻΪǲľ֣ҲὫ˳ġ
ģ֮ǰѾ֣صؾˣ֮һҪҶЦţԼĸףʵϣ⵱ģҲ֪ԼĶڽиʲô֣ǷҶǲ֪ġ
ҶүȻãȻ̾˿֪ã㶼֪ĻǺֻȫһЩֻǣ壬治һнİ
ҶҵЦЦû
ģ
ôûнģ
꣬ûκԥģͽԼ˳ȥԼôԼĶصԼĸޣϵĻ֮أ
Ψϣ棬үӳ˺һĬĬ˵
Ȼ
Ҷû˵ȴҲ˵һ仰
ҪͷأҪȨ£Ҫ㸻ٻֻҪ㡭ƽĻţһҪκί
һףԼǰ;ĪĶӣϵףԸ


96 ѵ
Ҷʽص˼壡
Ҳڼ°
Ȼʱʱ۹⻹ϮҶԴͳͳ⡣
룬һˣ
ҸţڲõĽһﵽеĸ߶ȣ
һᣬʧȥеĶȫû
ҵİ飡
ҵһУ
ѩң
ңǵĶӣ
һգԶӣ
ܣһΪ㱨ѪɺӣʬɽҶҸұ˷ǣĳһҪ
ЦЦڣúô

ҶЦڽеµĵڶ׶Σǵڶµһ졣
˼ʵҶЦ㣬ֻһСͷסҪλڰգϷֻһϸϸߣ֮ӡ
һϸϸߣҶЦͷϵһͷһᣡ
ôһͨͨķߣ˩ҶЦһͷȴ
죬ҪɵϷһͨߣ˨סһͷһʱֻҪ㲻أ
ݼിֻҪһʱأ˵ҪǵˣǾʧܣȻɹһСʱʮŷӣһûʧܣ
˿飬񣬿νǶڿյļ˿Ҫ
һ˿һĳǶأ
΢΢
ܹһ˵ô
էܻĪ˵һˣһ·һӣһ˫ЬҲһ˿һϸܸɵ
ĴȴǣҲܣֻҪԪϵߣͿԣ
ԪϵߣʱڼƽĵϣͿһӯȫ޷״̬
һ⣬ԵĻܹʱά״̬𣿣
𰸻ǿ϶ģҪͨһصȥųɾžŰɣ
ΪҪʱάһ״̬ɲΪ߾ɵ飡
Ψнϵ£⣬ÿһ缡⣬ÿһѪҺÿһ㡭κһ
ҪгͣпܣԼһͷҳ൱ʱ䣡
ҶЦΣҪһʱһʱ
ĿǰΪֹҶЦѾԼһͷӣ
ҶЦоԼҪˣѾˡ
һͷһʱ
ȱµķôģ
취ˣֱһ̬
л˵Ǹţ
ŷ֣νһ˿һϸ߳յĿѵ㾹ϸ߻߷˿֮ϣ
ΪǸͷ˩ԼϣֻκһλĻ˿ϸߵؼޣԼܹġ
ܹġ
ǸϸߵͷõسͷϵȾһѶٶʮٱļ
ص㣬ǸͷͷķԼͷƤķ
һǸͷмӲͷԷˡ
ĹؼתƵ˷жôʵءɼأ
ҶЦҳԣΪһԾζŻʧܣԣֻȫĵرӯ״̬һһĹڿУΨֳһһεĲ
ҶЦҵľǣڽһصʱЩǳ·Ҫȫȥġ
һ㣬̫Ҫˡ
ǴЩûκϣġ
ңԼղŽǳʱҲѡ¿Ьȫѹ⻹ȷģֻǼἫٷĸʱ˿̣κһ㸺ؿܶģ
棬ͷһƬĹҶЦȫעעҶЦΨκһʩͺעĿİĹ屦һ㡣
ϿֻһƬƽڴ֮УѾը˹
ԲۡȻĵǸոսҶЦʱƯĴ
ˡԭάסôһֱΪ˵ġӰ
ҡûΰɣ״ء
ϴ㵱꾭һصʱ򣬵˶ʱ䣿Ӱ״ء
״ϼ鴤һ£û˵ǵˣǼûάסһǱ߸˩סͷҽܵķᣬµĵһ˲ȷʵˣǣž͵ˣȻֻתһϢĿ϶ȴѾˣ
һͷʱûʹȫ޸о
ӰƯֻЦԭϴԼʱҲûʲô
˵ĿԴӴ֮󣬸ûɹ
쵹ǿ۽磬СϢ೤˼㣡
ֹϢ೤ˣûоȷĿûܳʱάϵǸ״̬ҵأҸղһ룬˵ǵ꣬ڵôǷݼ尾ֱ붼ᱳ顣
һֱΪǾʦүµһ磬ۼ֤ķڷ
Ǵûѵǰ޹ˣԺҲδߡ


97 ǰ޹ˣ
УĴС֣Ҳ룬棬СɵÿһѵмǱҲ̶ȵģ

ƨҸǡһûУͳǵټ֣еɵ֪
Сӣ˵ȫشʷ״شźӣһĽˣֻϷͽܣֻϷһ̵ֽ²ˣ漣һǰ޹˺ߵռ񻰣
ҸǣǰûУԺҲУ
ڴ֮У״صѾЩˡ
ʲôͽܣ²ˣӰƯͬβ͵èһҲҵͽܡϷҲŻѪĽĽ̵òãľС
СѾֲ֧סˣ־̬ܹΪһֱעҶЦƯ˵һ仰
סһ㶣ʱתͷȥ
ֻһ֮յҶЦ˿ɫŤĺˮͷƤϣϡȫκһë֮Ук
ա
һεκ飬ͷֱӻ䵽ŵףȻڵϣһεε࣡
ҶЦĽŵ£˲һ̯ˮˮӡ
ӣʼ˿
ԾڰУͺȫûһĵš
תã϶дмңο˼ʵҶЦһϢȴڿ֧ţǿڳɣѾתΪϢάϵǰ״ֻ̬Ҫ³תµϢ˿̾״ȥ
ĽȴһᵼⳡѵʧܸգΪϢתö죬ܻһ˲Ŀ϶һ϶ҶЦٿȫĲٿңϸߡ˿ֻ߷ȻһжϣȻжϣ
ʵҶЦܹ֧ѾԶԶϵԤϣԼԤ֮⣬ۼһʱʱ޽ҶЦ־̬Ա״ֻ̬ΪΪ̫ǳ޷תϢάϵǰ״̬ʵǷս֮
ֻȻĽҶЦ˼ûҲǲܽţϾҲϣҶЦܹûܹɵı̬ˣ
ȴ֪˿̵ҶЦ˼֣ھУΪһ˼֣ǾǣЩĿȻѾôͿ϶ɹ
˵Լ֮ǰЩ϶˽ЩĿˡ
ڣҶЦԽΪĿҪ겻ɣҲûʸһĿˣͱ̭ˡ
Ȼ֪ô£ʧˣԿɼȴǾãȻɹôҲҪɣе飬ûɲУҶЦкʱˣ
̬£ҶЦȫȫƴ̬ƽп
î˾ƴΣһҪɣ
ͺڣҶЦβֻ֪Ҫǿ״ʱȥһתϢ͵ͬǷ˿ˣάϵȥ
ֻǼֵڣƾ־ļ֣תϢȻȴˮܿصй
ҶЦ֪Լ״ܶӣȴ֪һʱĿʱ䣬Ѿȥ˾
ֻʣ󣬻ʮ֮һһʱ䣻ͣ£
ΣҪʱ꣡
ˮܿصȥйˣܼأԲᡭ
ҶЦϢתѾԽԽǰһķڣʧȥʶȴ־չʶؿԼ壬Ծɱÿһÿһ缡ľƽ⣬ʹ֮ʧء
һˣҲҪŵʱս̣֮
ʱƣѾȥ˼£ǿϢȫȻתǣȥ޴תļޣһɣ
ɣ־ɢԿάϵһʱ䣡
ҡ
һʱˣƯۿɳ©һϸɳ͵˵ôһ
䡣
ҶЦͺһʯһĵ
ֱͦͦĵˤ˸Ľų죬ʧȻĳүͲЩΪһ䡰һʱˣһɵҶЦѾʱԣȺۣԣʵڻڵ֮ǰ
ͷæȥĸαһ㽫ĳ˱ڻ˵㾡ԼԪͨͽѾ˼޵弡⣬
ʵȫ֪ףҶЦֻΪϢתͣͣ͸֧ȣ̫ƣԣʵ޴󰭣ֻҪ˯һʱҲûˣ
ȴԸķԪ̣̾ܵ
ţһ㣬ȴǴҶ֪ġ
ͷ飬ʵϸһˣٲѰԪܹܹɵĿ֮Իνµ֮УʵʵֻΪλʦүЩƤ
ļȥģ
˶ѣ


98 ҲĿ
һѵ겻ɣǲ״
˵ˣҶЦˡ
Ϣλʦү֪Ȫ飬֪֮ҲһӷĹֱ֮һԲۣȻˣ治Ǹ˰
ˣ۲۵ˡ
Ϊϲϧ۵ĹԪԭΪԪҪϢʱҶЦŴӻתһֻǴ˼Ϣ˲ʱ䣬ֿʼһڵѵ
ʱҶЦϣԼȫĻԹȥҲϢһ°
ѵֻҪʼ˳мǾûκϢʱģҶЦҲֻҧһ·ȥ
档
ҶЦظܵԼеһУǡ̬־ΪеһУڷٵģ
Ϊէûʲô仯ûͻڵľ磬ǣľȴԶ׼ĸˣ
УԼ֮ԼԭΪѾҲ൱̶ȵ
֮ЩɲʣҲ˳
⼸ʵֵ״̬ѵ״֮£ﵽˣ
״̬޷־ãѵһ塢ԪеɻеĸĻٱκ룡
覵ĻҶЦΪ˵ҶЦȫ޷ģ
㣬һԶԶֹЩʶȣӳٳ̶ȣʵ̶ȡһеһУڷʵı仯
ķ֣ҶЦ˷ܣ
Ҳϧʽѵ
ѵḶֻ́˲η˱ᣡ
ʹĥ£ҶЦڻֻǸоɹһֱȵ֮󣬲֪ˡ
µô
ΨģµˣŻˣܿɹ
̳ģһ֮ͨ·
ʼգܹµˣȴֻһ
ǾҶЦ
ڵĺеҶ

һ죬գ
״أӰƯ΢ЦһӾƲǰ档
칦ӣ
ĺӣ
ΪͽҶ죬ʽѵһ죡
£
ʮ죡
ѵҪÿһĿҶЦȫûκۿۡκλٵȫɣ
ǳˣ
⽫һʷֵü޿׳٣
Ψһˣ
һһЩϷˣ״ؽһһľƹ˺ɣЦϷһ˴û˹ǽȾƺˣҲģȺЦ
ǧź쳾һţǳ£ֵ̳ģƯҲֵüüۣϴ˵ģǴ˿ˣҲǺЦȪ
䷨ˣһ˵ı˶ˣӰ΢Цţһڵ£죬Ĵϣ֪ŲΪ㱨Ѿھһ꣬һֱηһֱǿŲȥȪ֪ô㣬ڣٶʸ񣬻ˣ
仰һ״Ưͬʱ̾һ
ҶЦĳĬĳŷиൣġ
ʱÿÿϹעΪʹܹĸо״˵ڼٵ˥ˣ
һֲɶֹ˥ˡ
£ʮ죬ÿȫ޼ϵΪԼʹ壬ʣÿһΣҪͬʱȫʩΪǵԪƷ۷ľΪ׼ƿԼϣÿһά´ĥ
һƴ󵽼Ḷ́
ÿһΣҪǵıΪ
ǣÿһǶһ˿ʩΪ
ȻԼÿһζͬ˹ʮ˲ʮ飻ҶЦȴ֪ͷβԼֻǸߣֻҪŹȥǰ;
ȴڵ棬ȫ޻رģ
ԾԹ޻ڵľ
ȫȻûκεı
һֱڣһֶûԼ͸¶
ȻϲϣҶЦΪ¶
ҶЦʵ磬ֱ統ǰΪһ㣬߾Ĳ֪ϵĸҶЦȴ׵ģõģ֪ģ
ԼΪгɣܹôɾǰȫ
ʵǽԪΪԼһͨţ
᲻˵Щûõˣ˵֮£µѵ˸һ䣬˶ıַǳ⡣
״еĺ˿ھƣԣǾһ¡Ͼ֮е似㻹ҪϤģϱеĹҪѡѡԾӦֵĹ似ΨгԱܾĹ似ʺ㱾ѡ񣡡
һ֮ǳʦˣҪΪǵ̫ʣֻǲΣʦţڸˣǰܰģȫٷְٺ޻ٵˡ


99 ״صĵɪ
״سһԺ·ҪԼһߣ֮Уʲô׵ģʲô飬Լˣ˵Щʲô޷ˡԻϼһʱΪʱ򣬲Ҫ˼ڡ
ǡ˵ܲǾһҪǡ·ÿһ£ÿһǶԼ߹ȥ߳ȥδ
Ҫ´ûвģؼǣ˵ʱʱĻ״۾ҶЦǴӲôɶġ
ҶЦĵͷ
仰ļ
һֱΨԼΪͷѹءΪΪˣ֪ߴһĿ¡
ֻн챻һԵѡ
Ҳܲģ
ֻҪ쳾Уǧꡭôܲȷ
ֻҪĻ
ȷģ
󲻿£µ·һ̬⡣
ҶЦͻȻȻʡ
ô飬ûµʱҲǿϸ缸ģԾǲϣǡƯһĴȰĿҶЦΨһĵӣǶ㶼⣬Ǽ֪
Ҫסһ㡣ĻԶǴӷӰ˵Ȼʦȴ裬Ʋǣ
ϣ飬ںֻҪһᵽǣһӦǣͷҶʦȷʵʦͽϣǰߺ׷ϼһΨһˣ˭ңӲϣ˲ʬ˵ϲģ׷ϲĵӣ
ǣ֪ˡҶЦ˵
һˣȴǺһĹأԽŵĵӣԽǷܹߵһȫԼ
ԽʲǺܺãȴֻ͵ĵӣҪ϶ġ
״΢Цŵǰ·ڱָָ֮߳ģôԺԼ˵ӣҲһҪעһ㣬·Լߣǵʦѵ롣ϼһ׷ϣҶһ޶ҶͽҲֻԼһһ޶Ĵڣ㲻ǵͽҲǵڶҶ
ǡʦ˵еӽǡҶЦȻ
״˵ͷ
˵ڶҶЦһ£˻ЩΡ
һ˵޻ĵӣܹŹµͷһ¾Ѿܲˡԣ״֮ǰŸ˵µʱ䣬ǰ˵Լͽʱۺϡ
֮ﻹԤһµʱͽ
Ͼνĵ£ȫѵݣҪµʱ䣬ѵһʧܣǰĿʹϣԼսο޳ѵʧܵǰʣʱ䣬Ǵ´ġ
ȴû뵽ǣһﾹվȻµѵȫ۲۵һûٵˡ
һͽʱһ춼ûˣ
ȻϿ϶ڼ֣ûͽʱȴҲʵ
ûκΣֻúƤ˵һ¡
ѯԭʱ״һּװƵġκ̾ϢĿ˵û뵽£һȻȫˣǴʧԤ㣬ȴ޼ƿʩûͽʱ䣬ʱʱ޿϶⣬ս֮Բ˳λһ£Ҳ޹⣬ϷˣƲˣССӡ
ɶףȫˡ쿴ԼʦһNɪװƣȴƫƫҪһ޿κҲ˼ؿѹֲסϾҪЦĹ飬˵һ䣺ôһʺ
Ƕˣ޹⣬ôЩҪϵԾлˣ
ǡһ¹ôĻֻתתп϶˵ֻһ䡣
ĵģһʱôܹ
ģͽһﰡȱ̫ʹֱͲˣ״һװƵćNɪܡ޿κΡܡ˼˵ͽܰݣһ㣬Ϸĺһ£㹻͸׳죬Ȼٽ񹦶ù졢˵ôһӣ̫ˣֱʦıίûطȥ˵
̲ס˵һʦ屣壬Ǿ˳Ӷһ°ɡ
˵ؿ첽˳ȥͷҲء
װƵģûôһ߲סćNɪһ߲סװûû˵ġ
㱯
ôģȻôǾͰıøҰɣ
Ҳ±ҿıΪɶٵҵͷأ
̫ˣ

ֻڿǲʱδʱһʱͱ
ڽһ֮У״صͷĵȷȷسܵԼġ


100 Ǹ磡
ʲôһ飬Ǳ߾ܱˡ
⻹㣬ˣ֣һ֮䣬붨ɹˣ֮ˣ֮󡭡Ǳ߾Ȼ۾òƺܲΪĵʦôоھƺе㲻ԡ޸һ£ǲǿԣ
״ԭ뱾ʦͷѵһ֪ߵغСӣķŬĽᾧѧէģôҵĵط˵ΡţĳСӵ˵òôһ߷ֵĵ˹Ȼ֡ףòиתʽС˵ķĿеΣ
Ѿһ֪ʮˣֱӾ;һˣ
ɣһǴˣ
ʲôз߲ʾһ飬Ǳ߾Ѿû磬ģ
֮˵ģΩΩФԭء
ĳڴ֮󣬾ȻͿʼ̣ʦ㿴һУһתҪǸĳ˦͸ָоԲһЩأ
״ȳ⣬ǰ֮ǰѰ˼ôһüͷ˵Ļһ൱رܷǳ̫е˰
ɣһǴɣǸϵһɰˣ
šʲôʾһ£Ǳھ죬ݺȻʦȻֻݵʱܹתһº¹תŻĺ¹ϢһϳĻƺܸһЩΪƮݳƶٶȸһǲأ
״ɫڣ˵е
ֻʱ䣬״ر
ȻһߣӦ
̫ˣ
ԼѧһӵĶͽ͵øɸɾһԶ£Ƴ³£ϲ¥֣
⻹Ǵô
һζǴɣҲˣأĴأأNأN+NأܲܶǴɰɣ
ʦҪȥ
ȥʦֵˡ״ؽŲͬ档
ʦˣ
Сӣض֪һʦأΪʦôˣˣˣȻʦ㡭״ءಡһֱûӰˡ
㣿ﻹɶɽˡ

ӰҴҶߣȥʦΪʦĵǲۣʦ϶żˣѾȵúżˡ

ƯأϲĸҳôĸҳǲҪ㣬Ҫһôġءװҳ
㣬֣ͽһͽʮ죡
죬һϵġ
ǡ˶оԼѾһͷβ׵˵
ɶҲûˡ
еĶȥҵڻִ˲ƣʳ֪ζ
飬Ҳѧ߰˰ˡ
ǵģʱͽ̫ɫ̫ˣݣʦı
ǵ㷢֣Ѿûɶɽ̵ʱǷΡ޵ݡ㱾£Ȼʦ
㶪˰
ò˼
졣
ͷһ𣬳üʵڲ˼Ҳпܵġ
飬Ժȥѡ״һ꣺治֪ô˼˵ˣҽ˸ͽܣ͸оԼûɶˡԼѧղԼӵأǻñЦ
˼ҵĵһ仰϶ǣɱ˵ʲôӵܣѧղʲôģô״أһӾǻȥȻ˼ʦӰꡣ
״زȻŭƾɶƫƫһ˵֣Ϊڳ£һôܵˣҪ۴һۣ
˵СһΪ֮ܵ⡭ģǵûɶɽˡƯ޹⣺Ҹ˵С鶼ǶǿˣӦӦʲôģǶǸ
ҪǰʦӰ顣
ǲУ״Ưͬ⣬ŭô˵ҲˣԺ֪Ժ£ڵȻһһ죬¶һһ죡
ҪĻǾͰСӽ伮¥ɣ񼣬˭˵ùȥƯ顣
ãô죡
ͷһ޳ɡ
ȥ˽ʦ¼˽ɵĹԹһԸɹС
ǣһֽ£ҶЦӵ˵伮¥
ֻͷ֪ǣҶЦĵطط
Ϊ˽⵽ܣ
Ȼǿţʷƾõţһ֮У
֮򵫷ܹγּص飬ҵ𰸣
ҶЦ缢ƿʵķĶߺزأһĿʮС


101 н
ҶЦڵĵزѾܹ׼ȷҳԼҪĶһɨһ䷿ӵ鼮һԼáһԼҪ˽ġ
ЩȻͳͳҪ
һһ
һ䷿ӡ
ص伮¥ĵӣΪһʵҵġ
Ȼĳ˸ɵ飬ĸû
Ȼµĵڶʮ졭
״۵׼ʱ
ҶЦڵ伮¥֮ڣĶҵΪмֵһ飡

ѾҪĶ鼮ȫһ飬ΨⱾ飬ȴƺǹϵ˺ش飬˳ϸϸһһֵĺ˶о
һ䣺һѪԪһͳ仰òƺе˼ҶЦüͷϸϸ˼
仰ôǡԤһĶ٣⡢ѪꡭȵȣЩƺĺ塢ָֻͺñⲻǣںǳôңǰʱŵֵʩΪҺܲ⡭ţΪռɽɱֵܡɲ˴˳ͻתء
ӣп϶ܡ伮¥Ѽ鱨ҲЩˣǲ鲻ˡ
˵伮¥ȴֵ˽⵽˺֮ܶܶǰ֪ĶҶЦҳ૵Ȼǰ鴫
ҶЦƺԼذյʲôǰԼλΪαɱΪŵղϧʹκֶΣҲҪ㵽ֵЩϳĵط
Ϊϧ︡ʬͿ̿ġԭ
ȴΪЩ֪¸ģ
ֻΪۺϾʶ֪һУԾֻǾ߱ĳζѣΣģȴҪһȥ֤Ҫһһεƴգ֮ܽơ
ҶЦУȴѾεĿһ֣꣡
ǵģǻ꣡
ھҪЩطȫɲɵظꡯйصġ
ɽ
ǧȡ
롣

ȵȡ
ÿһĵطбŲϧһдۣϧʩչκıͱֶҪõֵĵطһꡯ֡
˵ֻɺϣҶЦôҲţ
ֻЩѾԶԶң·صν鲼ľԴͷͲκ˵رע
һ֮Уһռʮɽ롭ڳ˵νˣҶЦߣǿⱾ飬λ룬ҲǶ϶ϲ뵽оεģ
ҶЦʶͣжһʱֻо˼·ܻңֱ黹ңȫȻûͷҪǱúһȴȻ״صеɣ
ţλʦԼˡ
Ȼ˴ദֻж̶̵ĸ£ҶЦȴܹĸоλˣԼνĵϲʹ˹ͷˣ
ֺޱ簮
Ȼǿÿһ춼ƺ޲ýԼӣҶЦȴףΪԼѾȥԼ಻ĳ̶ȣ
ôʱǵԪΪԼ壡
ҶЦ߳ȥʱէһϲһ
Ŀ˾һ̬ӵģԭһ֮ǰȻ뷢԰ףƣȴһɾ塢ϵ׳ӣڣȴԲࡣ
׷ڷƮŲǣϣѾ˰ߣ
ȼ󾹳ΪǿϣνǾԲֵܳ
һ֣Ǳζڽ
ҶЦȻһ
λʦǡҶЦǰ⡭ô£
״صЦЦ˵ʲôľıѣϷ˱ã߼ʲôԸˣ֮ǰΪҪգĿʵǺ̫࣬ЩȥЩȪֵܾףҲδһ¡
Ư˸ĿעҶЦЩźЦ⣺˵ȫźҲδأԸȥԸܿȺףĻԻˣ˵޾֪֪ġǺǣȻţһģĿãź
ӰٺһЦСӴڿʼǳ׵ˣԼˡȻ¶һƤЦݣֻԼ
ҶЦۿЩʪˡ
βˣϱĪˣԪݽ߱ԵһֱֻԸδˣԪһֱţһֱǿŵڡ
ڣΪյһȫϺ⣬ǳԤڵĵӡ
оеԸи֮ˣ֮տڡ
ʶĽеĵȫˡ
һи֮£ټ⼸ʵ̫أʱͳŲסˡ
ʱգʱ˿̣ټҶЦһ棬һ棬ԽУ
ҶЦﻹҵϽϻȥƲһ״صıȴѶʱо˼ɳڡ
ҶЦﲻ̾һ


102 Ԫ
ϡ
ҶЦ˾Υ޾ռ䣬ϴν޾ռ䣬ѾСʱˣһﶺŪˣǽһ˸߲ңҶЦԱϽҸ㼸ԪҲ赤ƼôߵƷʣһĵԪͿˣżҪϽĲҪϻ
Եס
Եñģ³ãŪСÿģͻȻôһ񣬶ʱЩ£̲סһ
ҶЦü۾쳣ĶŶɭȻζʮ㡣
ʱ֪⻰ǿЦġͿԼλ̬ƣòƲκء
£βͷڣθԣ
βͣɤӣûеõӦϽĹȥͨڣרĵȥˡ
߶ܲãر潻ĳʱȥľ֮ã
³ǿܣһܲҵ
˭Ҳҵճǣ
ĸоһ㶼û
ҶЦν
һݱĵ⣬ΪЦҶЦԣ˫ĳԹתصҲԮϣƱգ޶
ΪΪˣҶЦԣȴް㲻ϵ£չƷɡФĺǡѾʵķÿһ˶Լػģ˵Ķ˽ģ㶼Ϊ˺δ޿ɷϣͷβҶЦߣģ飬ҶЦô޶ԣ
ˣζԵģ
ˣȴζԵģ
ҶЦת֮£Ǿˣ
ԼĳĴδı䣬ȴҲΪĶδģеΨһ׼򣬼ȻԼΪβ
ֻǣһ£ξȣȴһص㣡
ҶЦƱزóƷʵĵƼ鵤ĻҶЦҪΪʸ֮ģĳΪϣˡ
һǣԼں½̵ôãſʼ˵񵤵һͨĻɫȴֱóԪ
ֱǡԼ鷳ˡ鷳
ڶ졣
ҶЦץżСƿ߽éݡ
ôȲҪȥˣ״عЦţ˿Ϊ衣
ֻǣҶЦһ˿ᣬȴЦ˵ţȥɣʵٶ֤ǴƨŲҵͽܣʦ߶ȣ
ɽǲôŸϹе㶫ҪλʦҶЦһ£֪λʦǷ񻹼ǵãᵽں֮ʱʦӵһλʦ޷ţԵΪΪڼʦ֮ǰŵȫղأȫҡ죬ϸطһ£ⷢһƿҩȴֵ֪ҩλʦǰ״Ƿ
˵ţóƿ˹ȥ
Ư״ЦЦ⣬Ѿޱ㡣˵ǰ״һڴԪͨϵҩȻ˿ʥҩҵ޼£޷ֲ֮ҵ֪ǰФĺһŵΪˣĪ˵㲻жһŵ񵤣е񵤣ǲ֢ĻãҪҵȵǰģȫ鵤
һ˵ţһ߽ƿ˹ЦԪȴǺεȵѵáĪ˵ֻǵ֪½ͼλ鵤ƬȴҲеʦܹ֢鵤ҵ֪һƬТģ
˵ͻȻס졣
һ̣һ˫۾͵
һ˫֣ҲԲסֳһЩ΢΢Ĳ
ôˣʧ̬ѵһŵ񵤣״һߣȤʵ
Ӱҡҡͷ㵱ǵΣշǶ֢鵤ҵȺã
⡭ǵƼ鵤ȴԪƯСƿܹרֲԪġԪ
Ԫ״غͷӰڡһվ
ѩͷԴʱʹһ𡪡Ȼ˵ֻ׻˵úãš
ܹȥϣȴ˭Ըȥأ
ֻô棬˱֪߷˶ٵʦҩʦ಻֪ķ˶ٵȴʼһԪĵҶ֪ǣȴûܹЧԪ
ƴ½еʦˮƽҲ˵ȫԪֻԪĵʦгƷ鵤ƷʣֻһȶѣһƷʣһˣһߣѾ㹻ѾǵԪ۷˵ƿνȫô
̫εʧ֮Ҳġ
ܹ뵽Ϊߵ˾ͷϣѾ׼ðĿʱȴͻȻǰĳܹԼԪ


103 Ƕǳ
ͻף
һǰδĳƷʣ
һ̣ۼƷԪȻǰţǰ棬ѵξ֮У
ǣΣҲ
״ز˫֣ԪƿĹ˲䣬һŨʵʵڶ
ǵ񵤣
ⲻ֮аɣε̫ݳһˣ
˵ָʶĲ
񵤣һţ
Բĵҩأй𣬲Ƭ֮䣬䣬ƺѾ֡

ҶЦ޶ԣĵ˳ȥ
ȫܹϴ˿̵顣
ˣԲϣһ汻κ˿ġ
ѡȥ
һׯسȣĵȴš
ȻҪҪסͳ𣬱ϾǲһģҶЦһ
гҾ޿ܲ
Ĳƣ
Ϊг𣬾ͷȫȫҺõˣ
£ȫһ¡ҶЦһԼ
Ƕǳ𣡡
ˣûеߣҲɥģ
ʱ˿̣ĪĸоԼ飬޵á
ӱĶ£βã
֮
ֻǴ˼ҶЦ񣬾ӵúܣ
ҶЦĵһϴ˼ʵɫǺ˺ܶ࣬ǡԭִĺ֮ȫʧˡ
ȡ֮ģһͬɽһΡͦΡ
֮
ҩȻЧһǷǳЧ֡
״쳣ӵעҶЦһ֮󣬲̾ԪֱʡϷΡ顣
ƯЦһ벻߲ŸոͽܣռͽܵĴ⡣Ԫ㹻ҵٻʮ꣬һҪԪ˳״
˾ҡͷЦ
ҶЦԤ֮Ƿʣʵ׵񼣬ȴһҲûзƺģ׷ⵤҩģԼƵĵҩǷС
·ҶЦ֮ǰ˵ǣȫ̽ܣް㻳ɡ
ҶЦһڵʵͷ֮ǰԣʵǵʦˣβԪߣҲµһ;УԵڵ裬ֻҪַˣԵΪλʦԪҲʲô¡ʦԣڵ츳Զ֮ϣרĵδزʧĵ񵤣ֳ徣
״Цסס⼸鵤ΪͷѾúˡڵҪȻҪΪɴȣѾʼˡɽȥɡ
ĵ裬Ϸ޻ɣȴҪһ£Դ֮һҪǰҫĵɾͣҪ˵ʲôĵ츳Զ츳֮ϣĻʼȭͷǵ磡Ӱ
ʱ¼޵뷨ϷֻһҪ󡣡ƯĿƣ𣬲㴦һ׶εĴȣϷҪ㡭ռͷ
ҶЦĵͷӼˣҫΪԻǱһۣ֮ͬ
ֻ̬ҪŵöһЩڵΪȥһʱֻ°ĻһЩΪľԲ࣬ǹ䲻١Ӱ˵Ϸ˵ȶţʴԣֻһʱ⣬ܳŤתġ
ҶЦͷǡ
ڵΪԪƷнסڶݣФĺµӣĵӣҶ
״üл˵ȥɡ
ڽԼΪ²˵Ψһͽ£ҪһԼˣĵȻЩˬȴΪԼͽܵİȫǡ
״ؾβˬȴҲֻűˡ
ҶЦ뿪֮
ңͽܽŵıӰƮƮ¾壻ȴǾԼͬسһ
ͽܣٰܿͦԭΪ츳Ѿˣе񵤴е˵ĵ츳츳֮ϣ˵ʲô״ص˵
˵ʲôҪôСӵԽԽáӰƲƲ죺ҵΪеĲǻ£һܶûУǳɶˣ
˵Ưбۿ״أѵûΪΪ֪ܣһ꣬㰵Сʦ飬һֱߣǾǲԸСܣ浱Լصúܺô
״Զʱͨ죬˵˵Ļ⣡ôĸϽҹ
Ưһ֮ܶҲãûҲգһ㲻ɷϣǾǣǵͽܣǶǼüõͽܣͳЩԪ˭˵лģҲǲŵģ
״ŭ˵ĸǷϻһ᲻֪ףԶ׼飿ҵıٸʵףôÿ˶ÿ˵ܣЩܣ֪ȴûҪҪ˵ô


104 ˭ˣ
ӰƯһ˵ĲǷϻ˵
˵գŤͷȥ
״ŭҲ˹ȥ˵֡
ϴǴΪԸδˣ֮Ŷԣһӵ˼ʮԪԻӻһҪúýѵСӡ
ɲǼ䣬ͷһţ

Фĺǵ£Ȼһͽ
Ҷ
ҶЦʱФĺǾ˰졣
ڵͽ˵֮УҲֻФĺԼ֪Ҷʵݡ
ǿǡԼСʦ壬ʵ֣
񣬾ȻתͶԼԼ£ͽﱲӵݣȣ
ФĺǸоܷǳ൱رĲþƺϣôƺŤ
ΪˣФĺűʵ
Ȼ֮ǰһ·ϣνõˣǴ˼ʣǸоԾ
ԪƷҶЦ˵
ȥԪǱߣȡФĺǸɴľ;¡Ȼ˵û£רҪңֻҪһĴȥͶˡ
˵꣬ФĺǾʧˡ
ûʧֻл¶ܵķݡ
ФĺһߣµǻΧ
Щ֮Ужʮˣǰ߸ҶЦһģ˿ټȴÿһȡ
ڻˣôʱ䲻ܵ͵ȥˣֱɴųô׼
ɷģɴȾӣֻȭͷʳֻҪȭͷӲܵõӱĻᣬһ˵δҲǰѣʲô
Ǿǡȸдд衣
ҶЦһۣѾ˼ô㶼ԪƷˣȻܹڰ˵д衭

ģҶЦǳ׵˽νɴôΡ
ʵνɴȣҲ򵥣ǽʦһλʦԪȫһһ֧ϯȻɸ֧ϯ֮䣬չһս֮еԪӵһˡ
ԪɴԷһЩֻ˵ǻֵĸΪϸ¡
ϾԪߣ׶εʵΣѲͬնǿһȫ壡
Ԫ¿ɷΪεĴȡ
һƷƷһƷƷһƷƷһƷƷһ
Ʒϵĵһ
ڸԪƷϣԪߵıƴȴƣͨҲֻƷѡƷϵĵԪǿߣѾŴ֮ˣٲˡ
Ĺ֮⣬һս߼ʹֻԪΪֻҪԪȵĵһʸԪ֮Ĵȣ죬ӣ²ɵԪȵĵһҲУҲɲԪȡ
仰˵ǣֻҪǷʵеԣܲϻʤǾһֱȥ
Ȼһ£ѭߣȴҲֻԪӵһ˵ݣ뵽ԪӴȣˣϾԪԪߣڴ󾳽Ĳ죬ʵԻ⣡
˵Ԫȵһ뵽ԪߴȵģʸȻҲ˻ãȴ˸ҵ룬ϾԪߣ򶥼֣֮ϣδ˾ߣԪƷ۷ߣԾδԪóȻսðǿߵϣ˳ֻɱ֮˭Ҳ˵ʲôмڴˣԪսԪǿߵ飬˵޽У
ҶЦԲţĵһжʱ侫ܲεԪȣ
˼ãȴͻȻоһƵĿ佫
¶ҶЦػ߲ԴԴ飬ûκжҶЦ⣬һĿȻҶЦڵһʱˡ
תͷȥֻһ꣬Ŀ⼫ضԼУȫǽ䱸֮ɫ
ԪƷϯӡ
̷
ȻνϯФĺһ֧ҶЦǲ̷νǴФĺ֧μԪϯȵĲѡ˵Ѱ϶顣
ҶЦˣǿƵһͽ˵Ŀۼϡ
״ó̷г˵⡢ж⡣
Գ̷Ϊ¿жϳҶЦĿǰΪΣһԪƷʵ˵ĿӣǾܿ죬֪֮
ҶЦΪĵЦЦŤתͷ
Сƨƨûн֮ϡ
ҶЦĴȣͿʼˡ

ϣФĺԼУʵǸҶսΣ˼бἸô
£һλԪӿЦһش٣һҲûС
һٶûУФĺüѵûμδȣ˱ԣ
զͲܷĥĥءλӿҶҪ谡ͽһ죬ԪƷΪĵӣѾʮˡ


105 ͻƣ
Фĺһôôţһʮ
治ФĺǾȣʵǡٶ̫˰ɣ
һʮôѹʵǶϷ
ͬΪԪƷˮ׼ҶոŵģôսͬΪεγѹ̬ơ
ֹǿ졭λһĺߣѹûмĴڡֻǶԪƷӣҲˣڴʮλԪƷĵӵʱ򣬾ȻһߴһͻԪƷɨԪƷֿ֮ʼսԪƷˣԪƷ壬ɺϽƷѹڵӵҲ֮УͻƷҽ֮ǰǻᣬѾ߰˸ԪƷҲˣ治֪⵽Ǹʲô
ʲô˵ʲôФĺ͵صɴ۾ڶȴţֻһԵ˼ͷ
Сг˽ڵΪ̰ɣҲŰôţҲҪиĹ̰ɣҪһĽɣôһʼͺƱһϳ壿
̫ˡ
ʦҶʦֶĽʵе㲻λӵĵ˵ҲǸҶЦһģλҶҶʦֶҲǹеúܣΨǳʲô⡣
ðߴɣǿǺĴš
ФĺǶԴͬŵġ
Фĺǲҵȡһö򣬾ͽԼǵĴ˳ȥ
ڲĴѶֶΣŵ£ӴķԽһеϢѸٴݵҪݵν쳣
ФĺǴѶĶ󣬲չƷɣȻԼҶ̫ĵġФĺûʸֱϵģһ뵽ʸ·ԵˣֻչƷɣФĺ쳣Ҷһ㣬չƷܹͬҶ
չƷɵĻˣФĺǵĳƪۣչƷɵظνϣһ֣㵣ĸƨ
ФĺǼһź֮࣬תͷԵ˵²õģ䡣
ֻ뻹ǲģȡһöɫ򣬸촫Ѷȥ
Ѷеȼ֣֮˵ɫ̫ϳϼǳɫչƷɳһǻɫФĺǱֻͨɫߣԲûרѰӶãǿеˣ
Ҷ֧ĵһ죬ɨ֧ԪƷӣͻԪƷɨԪƷӡݵӿҶѾǴﵽͬ޵֮

ʱڵеϢʱ
лûҶЦֵԪƷӼ嶼˿
һͺɨȫƷ
ȻֿʼɨƷҪʲô
ʱ䲻ãͷܽƷҲȫ꣡
̬ƣֱӾǴݿ࣬ЩԼˮƽ൱ʦֵǣȥ֮಻Уͱ
νĴֱ̨ѾҶһ˵̨
úõôôһҪôһɵӰԹҪҪ
šֱ̬ͬһ£һʱΣʵĪı
ϡ
ҶЦһø˵ϣɡ
Ͽƺĵ޶£»ϵ󹦷
ʵϣתģȴ񹦣
ʵϣǴӽ쿪ʼҶЦʼؽ
֮ǰǵ£ֻУ״̬
ѵ̵;ڴλκεⷢ񹦱쳣ѸٻָԪЧԴΪԮƱػ״̬Դﵽϼޣԣĸ֮УҶЦȫûתΪȻûа
ڽſ˳ֵʱҶЦȴо֮ԼսϲԴԴϵķ̬ƽԼڡ
ǿƲסһ࣬սֱ֮ͻԪƷ
ʱδоΡ
һյսȫ֮»ʱҶЦȴʵʵظоԼľ˱仯
ֻǹһУ˲ʱȫ
֮Уһӿ𣬲˲Ѿ֫ٺţ֮Ȼ֮ȫˣţֹе»ƺǴһ㣬һӺʵĿ꣬۽Ͷ
ԭҶЦ˹ڻܹùԪתڣֱӲҪʶˡΪֻҪһԪѾת˺ü죡
λʦڵ񹦾ϣ±죬⣬¹񻪣ţҶЦûпֻ»Լ֮ʱ񹦵˹·һ飬ѾȻȻγת


106 
ңҪ𵥶Чʵö࣬˴֮޳ͻԲͨ͸
ԶĸЧת֮£ռеҲһһ˿˿һƵҶЦȻٴ֮Уת뵤ٶת֮תΪΪ
Ƭ̣ҶЦѾоﾹ͵ĸоֻ㷢֣Լĵһ֮漴һֵ֮ĸоûˡ
Բĵϸϸ֮£ȴЩǽÿһϸ֮С
Ǳš
֮ǱĬ֮ã
ҶЦ֪ˣҲȷˣ£ԼôӴʱ
£ûΪΣȴǽԼ壬һ޴Ĳֿ⣡ÿһطÿһάͬһССֿ⣬ܹ൱
ԼҪʱʱܹ
˵һ˵ľһϪôԼľһ󽭣ңΧĿӴ󣬽Լľ޴
ֻҪҪ䣬Щ
磬ЩܵĽˮ
ʲôʱ򣬶ֽܱˮӿڣ಻Ϣ
νҶЦǰ״̬һ£ܹʼձ״̬һֱԪôΪֽôһأ
Ȼֻһ룬ҶЦ˷ܵ÷
»ڳҫԾɳҶЦ
ںɷΧ֮ڣֻܰܲҪǵϣʼһ¸
󣬹˼»ţô»ʧ٣
ȻֻһʱƬ̶ɣ
Фĺվ֮ͥǰ鿴Ķ
ǧӣֹҶЦȫЩ϶»ΪáȻҲΪϰڷбϾǸһǽֻǺ֮Чʵ޲죬ڴϣȴǸһ㡣ԣʱʼջѡ
Ψеȵһ֮󣬲ŻصԼаЪ
˿̣ĵӶѾ붨֮Уϣط⻪ǵ»ɢĹʡ
ʮط»ԵرԼĵӡ
ſţФĺ²һˣڼر֮ǰ֮ʱܹɢȹ⻪ȵģٶʮߴ֮ࡣ
ڣͽֻʮˡ
ЩԵЩĹ⻪ȻЩԪˡ
԰
ФĺоԼòʲôطˡ
ϸΣͻȻ㤵𣺹ȻԣôʮĿ԰
ԼߵԪӣ㣬ȫֻʮ˶ѣ
ôһ˭أ
ФĺǲҵӶȻƮһ鿴ȥһҪҵǸĴڡ
Ųȥڲ鿴һʱΪԾֱӿƲסԼԪܸɴǱˤȥ
˺ȻǡҶ
⴦⻪ԴͷȻҶ¹ⷴ
ֻԪΪĵӣȻܹԼĶӣԪƷ»Ҫ
ʲô
Ҷˣҷˣ
ФĺǾԼ׵ķˡ
ʦôˣмѭշ䣬еעФĺǡ
û£ҺܺðһôˣһúҸʲôФĺǴЩֻѡǿʶûķȳǼӡ
ʱһӰĵرղôصˣʲôô
Фء
Фĺ޹⣬ȴֲԸΥĵĺȳŮֻõû£ȣղžǽŻһ£СС⣬ա
һ
ΪղòƾֻһפɣȻҲŻһ£
һ
ФĺкγɧҶǺ˲ǳϷǰټµŮ
ڶա
ӵФĺǵĴѶҶǿɣռѺɨԪƷӣȻѭԪƷչսΪֹԪƷӣѾʮλҶ£Ƿֹ
һѶ쿴ҲЩ
СһŽż죿ɽŵʱֻԪƷȻĿ֮£һ»ͻһƷţʱ˵ѵԪƷѾã»һ̼ȻȻĽˣǿ˵ͨҲͽ˵ͨѡ
µѵͻԪƷµʱ䣬ͻƷȣէʲô̫˲õĽȣΪô֪ܲ


107 ϯȣ
νѵûʱûֻбȵΧҪֲѵѹ壬еĳԣڵӵĻǷʵ֮£ճѵĵӣΪǿȵѵԼԪĿǰģֱΪʱ˵״ҶΪδˣƷĪĹ£ţнڵΪ̣ΪȻȻȻ˵Ҳǿ˵ùȥ
ǵ˴֮Уŵ˼ĥһӣٴ򣬴û뵽ɨͬףͻơ
һεĺͻôⲻôˣ͵ѵ֮ĺɣǺҲһΰɣͻƵƷ֮󣬳Ĵȥء
ڣȻԪƷΪɨԪƷ
ʲô
ھʲô˵òƶ޷Բ˵ˣ
ڶϣǰ
ФĺѶֹѶ֮ǰѾʮλԪƷӰҶ£ҶΪԪƷ۷壬ƣʱؿͻưƷ
ӵϢҲˣ
ʲôٶȣ
սԪƷսʤƷȻδضວţһƷսʤһȺԪƷͱȽϺ˰ɣ⻹ţŸͻԪƷҪʱͻԪƷʲôأǺô
˵
ǣ糿иӳϢҶȷͻưƷоƷӺɨһ顣ѶƬ֮ǰϯԪӳ̷Ҷܣ
Фĺǣ֧ϯԪѾȷҶŶᣬҶʱμӱԪϯ֮
쿴Ϣһĳ鴤
죡
춼û꣬СӾϯ
ԭϲ㣬Ҷôᡢô裬ôͼǿأһ֮⣬Լǰǰһƶûϡ
һִݿļƣФĺǵµȫɨ
սɼõԭϯӳ̷ŲֵУ˶ѣ
Ҷ뺮Ԫϯ֮ʱʽս
첢ɣʱ
ҶЦϢ˰һϣڶһ磬ȥרıԴ
Ѿĸ֧ϯԪӣȫＯϡ
ۿȥжＯϡ
󣬵ʮ֧ʮ֧·һ֧µҶϯȣ
ƿڵıҶЦҲһ¡
ФĺΪʮ֧µʮ·ܳФĺĵһ֧ҶǷΨһͽģ¾ġ
ֻǴһ򣬾Կģ֮Ӵˣ
һԪ׵ӣ޵ں½ںԪֻˣÿһ֧ϯҪ֮ѡΣһ֧ȴԲǺ೤µ֧֧ĿȻФĺĩ֮ˣҲҪʮʮţİʮ·ô࣡
һɺεȵ
ҶЦ߲Ա߽ȥԼȻѾһֻԼһ˵¹̨
¹̨ڵãսˣߵűս
ʤߵ̨
һ̣Ŀ⣬׷佫
һսⰻȻĿ⣡
ЩĿˣһˣӵп׺ɨͬ׵ӵǿʵ
ֻҶЦԴȫȻܸɴر۾ڳһ˼㡢ĿӵӣֱӾǽЩȫ˿
ĿģּڴļŭЩӡ
ܲԼһȥսɣ
ǵö۰
˵Ҳһ۵顣
뽫缤罫ȫŭͷսԼ񲻸ˣ
ȻҶЦһһһɫֱӵŵӵıֵ
һԪƷĵӣҵõ˱֧Ԫϯ֮λȻ͸ôţ
ЩһԪƷ۷Ϊûء
ǲ֪ߵغ
Ǿ֮ܣ֪֮
ǷǷ˼㣡


еϯһʱ価ĿŻ⣬ĿˡŰļһ
ÿ˵Ҷ˺ü飡
ҶЦ򣬻Եɺ֮³˽飬ɸ߲֮йȻѲʲôܡ
ڵײ˵ȴǾܡ
Ծ͵ǰԣٷԪµĵӣû֪Ҷ
Ҷһ׳˶ĵվһӣʮ֧ʮ·ڶ֧Ԫϯγףս
ҶЦֻǡߡһư֮ɫվһԲͦε¹̨һУ
γ֮¼ը˷Σһ
Ȼšಡһγ˷˳ȥ
ֻõˣʼע߲Ż˽⣬һĵһʱ䣬ҶֻԵز˲Ȼһš
һţõǼ̫٣ӰΣ쵽ݣ
λγףȫûзӦأԱһ߳ȥƾֱɳʮɵľ룬ˤ˵ϡ
ϯۼһĻͬǿȺͻȻһƥǣ


108 ݿ࣡
˾վ
ԭϯӣ棬ʤҶЦ˵
ȻΨֳ޲Ψֱ˲սưʵᡢ˵ֱ֮࣬ӴΧĿ˵ͼڣҪǶˮƽĻһϣһһ鷳˵˷ʱ䣬Ͻ¶ãôʱ˷ѡ
˵仰֮ĿĺĿӣĿ˵ҶҲû¹̨
ݵվűս
һȥһȻһŷϣȥ
һս糿һֱԷȺһٶʮλӣϤҶЦȥ
ļƴĳҲ˶ˣ͵ŴҶ
Ŷ
ڵҲҶȷʵпʱôͬϯӣʵѰ϶Ԫ޵УǾͳǵУɱȴҲܱǣŴȣˣȴɱ֣Ǿ㵥򲻹㣬ôִףžֲ㣬ֲ㣡
֧еԪһģҶЦîˣ
ҶЦУôҲԼĴףֻŶӵԼս飬ͻƲ϶ѣ
һҪ˵ִ׵ĻҶЦһϯӵĴײǣ
Ψ˵ıˣҶЦʤ֮Ŀͷ˵ԽԽ̱Ĳء
һԪƷ𣿡
ҿֻðƷ
ôôأ̫˼˰ɣ
ƾǾȻǸ֧ϯӣ׵ͷɣ
ʵ̫ʵĳ˰ɣ
ûиǿһЩģ
ûܶҼеģ
ľУ
һ˭
һ

︺еģչƷһ洫ӡ
˿̣չƷɵ۾ˡ
ôҪ谡һĹ򣬾ͽһϯӴݿһ룡
ÿһʤǡĵҶʤ
չƷɼʵóӶˡ
ݣһݣôŵҲð
ô鰡ȻФĺǺͷռȥˡ
ֱãûۣ
ֻһ̣չƷɵͻȻһ¡
ۿųڽһսҶͻȻʧ˳ԣⲻ԰
ߣһЦÿսǵҶսǿȣʲôԵأ
չƷһȻˣҶԴ¹̨ʼʹûϢһֱսڣҲ˵
һչƷɺųƺ˫죬һȻʶصһô˵СӡԪ֮У񲻾ͬ޵еĴڣ
չƷĿʵܹٶ֧ϯӣѶ֤
֮ʵԶͬˣֺαҪЩ˵ĳޣֹݵĸսȥǺܲǣ
չƷüͷ˼⡣
ʱеҶЦһХˣ
սӣȻһĹ˳ȥ
ȫһʱţ
ȴǳеҶ״
ֻҶ쳤ХХʼո߿˿棬󣬾ȻһĽ࣡
Хȥ߶εʱһȻը죡
ͻˣ
չƷ̾ϢһԭȫֹЪ粻֪ƣһսĿľЩֹѹȣԼڵǱܳ׵ͻԪƷǶսӵΪһЩͻˣֺõȵսٶˣ
ѾһסˣŻعͱͱչƷɣչȷһʱֻԪƷһż죬аûУ
չƷޱ飬һ
šһֿɵҲƵעչƷɣ˵չƽʱͦˣôֺܷͿأҪ㣬ʱͽչ¡㵱ʱôͷŹأ
չƷͦӥӣ״ת쵭˵죬бͼ˵ֻҪٶ˵һ仰Ӿ͸
ʱɵˣ૵ɶ˼˵أǲ˵أ
Ŀ֮£ҶһսͻƣΪԪƷ
վڳУͻƵϢδɢȥȴѾΪȫĽ㡣
սͻƵ飬ȻҲϡҲûܼսУǴǧַͻƵġȴֻǰ֮һѣ
˶ѣ
ӵϢʱڼԼĿ
ˣˡ⼸ٵƵʼˣǺϢôЩ⣬֪ǸһǸøеҡ
ίʵǡĸµ㣬Щˡ
ζ෱࣬ԡÿζسԣڻǸеˣ
ڶѾʼ׼תĿ꣬ģȻʵ֮е顭
ҶսԪƷϯӴУңֺɨͬϯӡϢҲ̲סضһ¡


109 Ԫ֮ս
Ȼ֪һıֵÿ϶ܱ̬ȴ벻ز̬ȳ̶ȡ
ǰʱ֮С
ԪƷƷ
ֱǴ棡
ֱһĽٶȣ
޷ŵζʵôʵڵķˡ
磬ҶЦͻƵͷʣµνϯӡһ㣬ȫɵڵأ
ȫ©ȫִϣ
죬С
ȫӶɨһ飬Ѿǰ϶ͷսҲû˿սˣлôţ
ĳүҲֻĴÿһʱȥȻ᳡
ս߼нȻ޺ȥˡ
ҶЦͻǿƳһƬҰ
Ѿĳ˵ǿˣֻధ̾ôôĵùôǿĻɫպϵһأ
ܶνŵӣǳճյصһ죬ʦųǰ¶ȡעȡ
Ҷôǿ٣ﻹбʲô¶Ļ᣿
ȫıɨȫΪ̤ʯֱӽж࣡
ҶսѾǶٲԪȣҶμԪһƷս
ڽӵҶͻԪƷϢ֮켴ʱ
йеԭҶЦѾԪϯӣһͷӹɣӵսһ׶Ԫ״µʸ
Ҫһԭڣˡ
ڵʵǣеӵӣѾðͷģȫѾҶһѹ
ֻҪҶڣô˶ȫû˳ͷĻᡣ
׿Ҷʵͷ֮⣬µĶҲʧȥ壬Ҷһ˵Ļӳ֮£˵λȫȻ
ңҶǿƳѾŵӵİˣ
øɸɾ
ڣЩŵǣһԱ
Ҹڷʡǲ̫ΪˣֻҸֻһ
ɲǸ
ΪһˣȻǺ£еǵǿҲȫȻʧ˵ĻǿɾĻһ겻ġ
ڵҶһֹâ£ڰա
еǣʧȥɫ
ʵȻԺһĺ£δĻ£
Ҷ̬죬ȴҲȫȡеӣ
ԺҲԣڻУ
ʶ˲ףҲѸƵӦԣ
ҶԪսȺϺȴҲ¶һ㺬壬ԣᣡ
һζõѹеͷϣŵӹȻǺ£ҶԼԣҲǺ¡
̬᲻ȡ
ǣҶЦͱ˳¡ӽԪ׵Ĵ֮С
ԪһƷĵӽн֣ս
׶ΣФĺ
ФĺǶҲܸȤЩҶЦһĵǣȤڹۿһҶʲôӵģźԼЩ˵ΪôôأҪǵһЩ񲻾飬һ̬ζֻҪһ뵽ȭȭ⣬쾡µˬо͸еϵãźģ
壬ǰˣɾͶˣǧ˵ʶҡ
ԣ͸úݺݵᣬȭȭᣬֻҪͷ˾С
Фĺһ֧ϤҶЦԪΧһȦΧҶЦֻ̣˵ΧڴҶЦᣬһ˸߲ҿĭ׷ɡ
أгһ֡
սһʼ֮Χ˼˲ʱرס졣
ΪչǰʵĲ˼顣
òƲŸոսԪƷҶԪһƷȻ֣ţ˱˴ԽȻ˿·硣
ڣĳ绹ƿ˳ϵս࣡
ʲôôܣ˼ʾ𾪡
ԪƷԪһƷֻǲһ˶ףǿһʵת䣡
ԪƷ۷ľֻ֮ҪûͻԪǾʼղԪΣ
Ǿ쳣޴Ĳ࣡
ȻبԽҲһЩŵӣԪ֧ͷݣԪ֮Уʤе֮ʤΪĳЩٳɣ˵ܹƾ汾ԪӶƴߣν޽У
ҶȻŵûԪƷҲû˹۲ãƷֻǸողͻƵģֹǾƷۡƷ۷壬Ʒ׶㲻ϣΪΣԪӽ֣ǿǲһƷײǣս
ԴΪǰᣬҶôţǰսҲǾԲӦó֣ͬʱǾӦ÷飡
ֻӦʵʵİᣡ
ʵʵرָɲǣ
һֱᵽͻԪ


110 һ
ڵʵȴƿ
ң𲽼Ӿ繥ƣƿظռݸϷ硣
ģ̬ƾнһ浹
ǸҶĽԪ׵ֵֻм֮ȫ޻֮ı֮С
𽥵ģҶĹƸΪǿᣬɽХһ㡭
䣡
սˣ屻ĳһ߷ɣһֱɳʮɣɲɵײһôϣֻ»Ҫɳ֪Զ
жߵĴĲһҶֻ˿ƮҶƺص
м֤һĻ˶ˡ
ҶЦ񣬾ͬʵڿһ֣
ո壬Ҳ˼ĿҶЦڣԾЩԺԼôͻأһԪƷ£
ֻǾҲã˼飬ҲգʵʵȻǰ
һФĺо޹⣬Ϊǰ֣
ǶԪĵӣȻҲˣ
ֱǼֱˡ
УϽⳡ÷־磬ٵøϿ콫ҶСӴ䳾ճ
ңԽҲйŵĵͽ׵ΪͷԵʣһͼĴ֮Уһʤһ統ǰҶһ㣬Ȼ϶ûҶĳôɣ
ŹڶֵȴһûУǺһ϶Ǳⲻˣ
ƣͷӣ޵У裬⣡
Фĺǵһ£һԪһƷȻʧֵø졣
һʱ֮ٴαһ߷ɡ
һФĺѾЩܻˡ
ܴһΣĵĻʤô⻹NԪһƷأ

ԪƷϣ
ܴӮеԪһƷΣܼսʤƷô

һ

һȺҷһ


ϡ
ӵܱҶԪһƷƷĵһ׶αƴ֮УԶʮսȫʤսõʮ֧ʮ֧·ϯӡ
˻ֱӾסˡ
ܱαİɣ
һԪƷĵӣսʤ˶ʮλԪһƷĵӣΪ˸֧ϯ
⡭ôܷ
ܱ췴ؿ˺ü飻ȷ¾Ȼġ
Ҳ˲ԼЩܻڱ㣻վԾȥ塣
λʦ壬⡭ӣʵһ⡭ǣǡôէ״صˣͬ˹һ㡣
Ϊε˵ãΪ˽ϵǰ״֮ˣһǰۿΪҶ治Ԫģֻ¾֮ڲԶӣǴ˿̣ǰϣȻԾò̬ӣǹӾȴֱǿҪʲô
ѵǻعⷵգ
أ
ɲǻعⷵգô͵ǰ״أ
״صϿ컰˵һ룬ǰԣ漴֧һģǰԲԴʣȴȻģκ֪Լ״ˣԼ;ƿݣʱưȴȻʢβ
״غǺһЦȤС˵ʲôأĵģǲǣ˭˵СڿţûһȾأǸյСͽܶȲϣ˵㶪˲ˣ
״˵ʮ㣬һΪȴ˿й֮ǰΪԪ˥ߣӢй״ͬжʱһ򣬹ϲλʦ壬ԪòԪΪʦ£Ϊ£
ⷬףʿνǷĵףȱ״صλ̫ϳĺۺʵ½һΣ͵ͬȱƮƹҪҪȻʱ֪ʲôԭԪԪ֮ѾʵΪŵβϲ񣬶ʱеͷصһ룡
Ӱ˺ˣĴʣ˲ãֵͦø˵£ôһ˵ȻζϽ˵ģʲôˣҶʦǱ߳ʲôô
ϾΣſЦҶʦܵ˵ãԪʹԪ⡭
״ھԼͽ֮ϲĿը֮󣬶飬ȻѾ൱ѾϰΪֲˡ
Ư˵ʲôֵĴС֣ʲôУ㻹֪Ǻôܲܳסһ㣿Ϸͽܣһ֮ţʤ˲ѵñ˱ִô
һʱȻĿ࣬ƿԣ
λôôĵأ
Ӧôһ


111 ޷ɣ
ѵ˵ʵһоλϵ֮ô
ҿЩʲôϡŹֵ龹Ȼһ׮һ׮ܲܺˣ
찡Ҹ˵ɣֻҪǸСһӴˣͻᷢ֡Ưɣ̾˿ϣνĹͳͳãκβ˼鷢ǲֵþģ»֮ʱ˵һУսʤգ
죺
ˣ㿴𺳵ġ״صݹһС
ҶЦĵʮɼ
֮ǰֻ֪ʮ챻СӳŹȥˣʱȻҲʾ𾪣ȴҲûʲô̫ĸо
Ͼ͵ϵĺųơɡ֮ҲǰƵġ
ҶҲȱ˶˼أ⼸Ҫǲ͵ϵķʽɵĻôȴҲʵûʲôֵ̫𾪵ġ
ϾҶ»ʱ򣬾Ѿһˣڵµѵûʲô֮٣ϣ
Сļزſһҳʱ͵صԲ۾һվ
ʦ壬⡭Щ¼ģûлô
仰ʱоԼĻëһ
ΪģǾȵģ̫ˣĪ
ֻǵһҳݣѾˡ
Ҳ־ʵǼ¼̫ˣʮθˮԣΪǧǧԼ޵ǧ︺أ븺װԼˮˮͰأҶǧٽĸװԼһǧٽˮͰ֮ϣֻҪܹɰ˴Ѿƽˮ¼ϵĵھŴΣʮΣûɹҶˣǸʲôʮһǸʲôأѵ˵ҶСӣȻһˮʮһΣ
¼δ̫ţ˼飬˰ɣ
ۼѯʵ˼״ֱӸһ԰꣬¿һһʡ
ȻķӦ϶⡣
ˣ̫ˣ𺳵ĻںأֹҪ𺳣𺹣
˻һ룬Ѿʼ˫۷ֱ˫ֶ£ˡ
һ״Ըˣ
״غĿķӦôּ¼ļһҪ˵ǴԪһƷңոհˡҲ̫ȣ
ͷ󺹵ĵͷֱ˵Ҳ̫ȡ
Сӣʧǵػȥˡ
һ̣ͻȻоԼʱ˵Ǿ仰ȻҲܻ߻пܣΪʵ
Ļ֡ʷһˣ
뵽ͻȻźشض㣡
ϧЩ㡭Щ㣬ҪǶҶƱһ¥Ǹֶã᣺Ļܸһӭɵ١

ɵĴ֮£ҶЦԪƷݣʷǰشԪһϯ֮ս֮У
󣬵ʮ֧ʮ֧·ӣҶԪһϯȣ
ǺϢ˳µسں
һεˡһ֧ĸ֡
ֻĸ֣ȴѾͬǰһ󲽡
ҲǴһ쿪ʼһ·ɨѹҶЦظеѹ
֮һ·޵Сһ·ֻ˲ҶүҲбĿˣ
֧Ԫϯӣίʵÿһǲ֮ͬˣһˣи˵־
һ·ҶЦΪԪӣŴ󾳽Ĳ죬ԵĲ磬ֻܿȡʤ
ƫƫ˵ļɣҲǧˣܹΪͬ٭֮е̳ϯ
оǣҶЦ¶Լѹ׹
ں½ԴЦĹҶЦȻ޼ɵʹãݱֲԾδ֮ǰǿһ㶼ܶõġ
˵˼ɵĺڲ
µĵѵҶЦԣѾһ˷ָĿֲΣԽڱ˿ذɵʱԽܹ漣һļ
ڶеһ˲䣬Էȥ
һһΣеսӡ
Ͳɵ˰˼ˡ
ǱߣһŸոձȥŵӾ˵Χ
ɵѽ˵ǲɵ˺ɸֵǰӣڿѾֲ֧סʱдˣűȥôֵ㣬ͬ״ȻǷһĴ󣿡
Ѿʮǰ֮ˣȻԴһЩ
⻰λŵӵʦ˿̵ʦֱ޲һƾͽԼĵĳ𵴡
ˡ
ҺγԪƷĵίսĩ֮ʱκ˿ҶѾǳûˣټһָͷ¡ʱ򣬸Ѿκεķ֮϶ϲκεĽˣλõȻܷ


112 ŵв
һֱԼʱСģԲҪд⣻һսСĽ˿иǵʱʤȯոоʵڵúˣ鵱޷ɰ
鵱޷ɰ
仰ܵӵͬһ
ͺһλŵӷԼʦһ
ʦҪڽɱѾԼĵ˴ʬ᲻˷һЩ
ҶҶʦܸǵĸоӣǸ˲䣬ѾһʬˣʤѾȫ֡ʱһ˲ôܲɣ
ƫƫʱǼһܹطֱˣ֣Ǳ̬ı̬֡
Ļش˶Ϊ֮
ǰһʬ˭սģ
ҶЦκ˿ɽˮս˵˲䣬һһɣ
ؼǣ˶ܹ֤֮ǰҶδ٣ûп
ľȥ;ƿݵĵز
̶һ졣
ҶЦȺʮսÿһսñˣÿһεսʤˣ
һҶЦԡѪվڳϵʱ򣬶һԪƷֱ֣䣡
֮䣬ԾˣǶĲ㣻ΪԼ֪ҶʦһʮսĻǶ϶ϼֲġΧսһҲδܹ֣
һҷҵϢ֮һսپۣ
ҶЦ΢Цס
˫һһȻ»޾⻪ҫ֮£ӿ壬ҶЦ壬һ˲侹Ȼͬһ㣬ԡ
һ£Ȼͷ
һԲ£
һɻ緢һĹʵ翷ΧͻȻӿͷ
ͻˣ
չƷɾֵעųеҶЦоǺȻ
ǵģǺȻȻ֮лһ˿־壡
ԵĿ־塣
չƷһתսǧ٣ȻŵЦһ֮ʣĵҲδһ֡ʱ˿̣Լһոɽţ㻹ĺ󱲵ӣֻһͽ׵ӣȴ¶ԵĿ־壡
ս֮ͻô
ʵ޷֣
ʱֻԪƷ
ɣһ»ͻƳΪƷ
Ȼھ֮ΪΪƷ
ȵϣһϣͻƷڶϣͻưƷ
ϣͻƾƷ
˵ϵʱͻԪޣԪ
ͻٶȣҪ˵񻰴˵֮УҲǴûй
ǰδУ
Ҫǣ֪˶ףҶǸûзùκܹΪҩ
ھнڵ֮Ϊ̣ȴҲ޿ܴﵽЧ
ϾΪƷףԶԶﲻܼڵЧĳ̶ȣ
ôֻʣһֽͣ츳ʡԼǺηڷܣ
һ̣Ȼ
и߲Ѷͬʱ
ųͻƹ꣬ȴڳһ㾡һԲΨһĪء
˶ʶһ¡
ֻҪܹ״̬һֱȥô֮ղԶӣ
Ľٶȣòʮܴ꣬ﵽԪ۷λã
һʱŴӾڵĽʢ۷ҲȻѹ̬ƽ֮ܣ
浽ʱ򣬺Ǿ¡ΨҶ
ȻڵҶȴԶԶ߱еǸʵ
֮ʮɳʱ䣬Σգױ˶ɱʱ䣡
ںԣʮʱ䣬Ǳ룬Ҫģ
ԵģţֻҪ֪˴ӵĴڣƱؽֶɱ֮£
Ҫסʮ꣬ôںˣҪأ
ȥҪԼ
жĳ
һŵĴڣȻҫȻǰ;ˣȻǧ֮ҵԶģҲв
ͬţڽв
ͻƵ꣬Ϊк˵ӵĽڣ
ֻ۷ֲ֪꣬Ҳһ̣ͬΪˣ½Ľ㣡
ӿţʲôϢû壬Ϣһй¶ȥģ
붼顣
ҶЦͻԪһƷ֮ЩԪĵӱƴʱ޴󾳽ı죬ս治߳Ӳ˴ǣˣƾ־˵ȡʤ֮Ԫϯƴ֮Уһ·ɨѹ˹ȥ
ԪƷ֮µĵӣȻ֮У
죬λҶΪԪһƷŵӵʡ
ҶЦͻ֮ǰֵĵӣңҿͻ֮ǰ֣ȻղܣʼǰռϷ磬ЩֵĶ֣ȴһƱ˶ռģңҪռ˵Ϸ磬ˣ
뷨ѾΪ˺Ԫͽ׵ӵĹʶ
ܽЩһĸ֮ӴĲ˼룬ͷɼλҶѾʲôز
пν֮


113 ר
ͻ֮ҶЦսʤԪ׵ӣڵϤҶЦı̬¼֮󣬲޶⣬սȫһ浹ս˾ˣŵԤ֮⡣
Ҫô죿
ѲҶӽԪڶҲƷĴƴ֮У
츳־ֻҪͻԪԪƿԪһƷͬ޵Уⲻϵ飻ԪƷҲû֣ûܹ֮ɾǿ˲ˣ
ˣȴҲ˵ܽԪƷս֮ȥڹ˵ͨҲУϾѾһ
Ԫн׵Ĳ࣬;Ĳ֮ͻԪ˵ǲʲôΪˮ׼нΪˮ׼ֹ
εţǿԽսǾơ
ԪƷӣΣշģУɱȻףȴ׷գһãشǾŪɳ׾Żٵˡ
ӽȥΣȷʵѾͬ޵ˣս֮ģ
ôأ
켸ҪͷˣΪôˣȴǵһΪԽ
ϾˣԶƲ߻ǶúܵΡ
ǾӰɡͬһĪչչƷɣȰżԪƷģҶר򡭡ĥ似
չƷҸ֪⣬Բǰһ
ǽҶʱ޳ɴ֮⣬ٲŵӵģܹ޶ȵĥ似Ϊˣһá
չƷһĴȣȻʦǶıսթ˼ܣĵӴҲ벻

һ˳ȥ
ǿôǱôңǱҰɣ
չƷѾ֪ˡ
ҶЦ˼ڳսԴģһ֧һСš֮ĵӣһΪԪƷ۷壬ҶЦͻԪ֮ǰŰҶЦŰһ㣬Ǵʱ˿̣ȫˣҶЦ๥֮£λѾ׽⣬ڽںˡңҲʮӡӡ
ȻѾŰòˡ
ѾҶЦ̶ܴϵˣ
ҶЦսԽԽǸо𲽵ǰһЩѧƺҲսȻͨ뺮ѧչǰںϺ
ԽԽˮһ㣬ҽǣ޼Ѱƾ
սģһЩԪ֣˿ѾڹսӲپڲöʤ־⣻ǽҶЦսչĿתĹۿÿһϸ΢仯κһɹԼĦĻᡣ
ȻҪ˵ѧϰǴҿ϶ǲϵġ
ֻ˵ӡ֤
ӡ֤ԼеѧƺҶսÿһÿһʽµһ㣬ԭеķ룬ʹ֮ӵʻ
˿̣ȫûλŵӵļεңһĶٶһᡭȥ
Щ֮ʵĳʽҶиʩչɡ
ڰ˭ǲں
ʲô£
չƷɵʱ֣λŵӱҶӾĲġ
սҶʤŸ˵꣬λԪƷŵӣʱ̱ڵأȴв˷һʱ䱧ͷ̨·ͬڵĵطһͷޱħޡ
ǽˣ
һԲٸһҶ֣
ġﻹǸ˰ǾǸ̬һı̬
չƷµĹ涨
Ҷ̫죬ȣպȱųǲԪƷϵӸ֮ڳˡԸ
չƷɿӵԪƷΪʵĵӣֻԪһƷҶ붼öˣҪ˷ʱˡӦֻȡ
չƷѾû˿վĻԼǿָʮȥҶ׼ϾԪƷϵΪʵҶα̬ҲãԿ֮ĺ蹵ʮˣ˭㹻ġ
չƷԤϵǣ仰һʱһ˳һؿڣȿֺӻԾ
չƷǡЩҪ˵ǵԪƷƷӣòƷƷƷҲ˳лкöԪġ
ҡ
ҵʱпգҿȫĵİָ
һҲʱ䣬һᾡĽȫԸİæ
ȻңҸʱ䡭
ôУûʱҿԼʱ䣬պ󱲵ӣҵǰΪ֮¡
Ϊ޷ˣֱǰɷ˵ң

ҺһƬˣﲻȿֺ˵硣ЩҪΪ´
չƷɼ״һӾסˡ


114 ݷ¹
ôզأչƷԼͷϵӥӶŵЩѵһԵȻôˣһż찡
ղڸŻ㱨ȻҲûע⵽ҶЦѾµı仯
ڵҶЦֱһ޴ıأսԹսԼ֮ǰ򲻵Ķõͣһ˲Ĵ̼˲ʱ;ȥ࡭
״βʹЩ֮͡
չƷɵ۾죬λعڿ˵Ȼд˹պ֮ģǾɣֻĪҪ˵ʱ䣬
ϲЦտһ𻶺
չƷɴ˼в֪ԼòƲκ˵һ仰ȫһճ־õıƴȴ˲һӰԶĴ£
£ȻΪֵŵţӴ˷ֱ

¹
Ϊĳ֮һԲɽ֮У֡
˵֮УԭûνɽģȴżȻһ죬ͻȻҫ۵Ĺâһҹͬһ㣬״̬һҹ
Ǽ֮ҹ󣬲֪ιʣһƽƽأȴͻȻһɽһƬɽ
ǴƬɽĸ߿λÿȥȻһԲµ״
Ȼ¹ĴʼƬɽеõϹŴУӴ˾¹ĳ¹ȵҲ칬˵
ԲɽƬɽŨơ
ЩŨƺΪֻҪһڣȫĵĿ¹ĵǣһĽɿ졣
һա
Ũһҵķڡ
һɫӰԶһ㼱ǰһ·ƶŨԶֳһ̹ǰ·
ȫ޵·Ũ֮УӰȻᳵ·ش˽
ƺƬطǳϤ
ŨУһ뵲ӰͻȻ֣ߺˣ
¹ɽŵֵӡ
ˡһֹסƶȥƣȴһȡ绪ĹװŮӣֻǣͷ˿֮ϣȴǴһССİٻ
ɫŮһ֣ӰҲ˿Щˡ
ͬΪŮӣ˿Ծɱǰλ˵㵹
̲סһ뷨˾ɫҼӦͥŮؾ˼ˣ
ͷλͨһ£˵ıӦǰ̽»ʥŮ¹ѩ˵˵
ԭ̽¹ѩ
һŮԲһ£ſڵԭǾݹ٣ֻ»ʥŮȴѲ¹ѩˡ
ӦɫԾɵ˵ʶ¹ѩʱ»ʥŮڵΪΣʶ»ʥŮȴֻһ˶ѣоǣ˴¹ѩ»ʥŮ»ʥŮڱԣ¹ѩĻʲôǣ
¹ѩʦ֮ǰʱ»Ҫ¡һŮӵ˵
µҲת»֪˵ҾӦҪ¹ѩҵҪ᲻ӦʡӦԾһɵȻ˵
ֻȻĮ֮Ƿݰηĵȴʮ㡣
Ůӱ˴˵˼һ˽ȥˡ
ӦôظֶŨ֮оȴ
ʼƽƺĵȴѾǧ꣬ɡ
ֻǣУȻһָӡ
ϡǵá֪Լļ䣬ǲǳ˲ûмǴôǺϣˡ
ݵȴֻ˲ӵʱ䣬Բɽ겻ŨͻȻعһӰԶرѿЦû뵽ǾݹԲɽ˼ίʵʧԶӭˣˡˡ
Ҵ˼ѲıĹˣҪ˲٣̸񡣡Ӧת˵Ȼ»ӭӦȴЩܳˡ
һλԽʮӵ˿Ϊ裬еЦЦ¹ԣȻҪӭʧ
ԾӦȫԳ¹֮»ȴǵ治Ϊ裬ֻǲΪ裬ֻ˵ǲΪѣ¹ıʵȻǲ¾ӦģӦıϣʵϣһҲ޷¹Ტ۵ġ
Ӧȴ֮һ
ʵ֮ǿӦߣԾɲ»Գӭɡ
ʵϣǰǾӦˣ»ҲȻӭӡ
ڣʱ㣬ȴҪӭӡ
ΪڵľӦǰľӦһˣ
ȫһ
ǰľӦµĵطı֮ҲǵԪ۷֮һ
ЩȻֵ˹Ŀ࿴𾴾η
ȴܻ»ҲΪ֮ɵĵز
ڵľӦȴȫһġ
ڵľӦһİȥ˵ŮˡľȻһ̶ˮȴҲһʱܱĻɽ
ӦЦҶЦ飬۷˲֪
Цͬ
ҶŮˣܲף
ЦˣӦôܲ


115 Ȱһ
Ӧһʱʼղе˶֪ʲô
ǵһʳޣھһӵְТ
ǵʱӦɱ˷ġ
δ˵Тľ
˶֪ӦһТϣٴ徵ʱ򣬱Ȼչ˵ɱ¾
ңֲݵѪȸ
ĸ
һѾ˵ŮˣҪκξֶ£
Ů˱һ֣Ǽֱһ޿ֲĴڡ
Ϊˣһ»һ˵ӦˣʱһӦһ
Ҳֻһ仰һ񣬶ܻ˵ĳ֡
һӦԲãþӦԼ﷢˷裬ôԼɾԩˡȻǿ¹ȴҲԸƽ֮֡
»ʸϽľӭ˳㷣λı֮ЦδԾݵľӦŮͻȻ¹ʲô
ΧЦۣ֮òû¹ʲô°
Ѳʲôطǵ˰ɣ
еĻһҪ̬Ľ֮
Ĵǰ£Դʼʲô
ֻҪӦֱӶɱˣʲô˵
һƴ۵ľǿߣòûʲôǱµˣ
Ҫ¹ѩӦĮ»ʣֱӵ˴еĿġ
ûʲô⣡»ʼӦĿֻˣһڴӦ롣
СĵĽλŮ˽ȥ
Ҫ˵ӦֻҪһ¹ѩ¾ӦھҪִ»һ⣬뿪»ʶҲһ£Ͻ
ȻΪ֮ӦҪߣҲǻӦġ
ΪȫܹӦڵľӦж£
һѾ֮ĵķŮˣͬʱһ֡
ߺһѾá¡ݣ
ֱӾǿֲɾɲ
Ůˣ˼ʱƽͬˮ޲һôҲֻҪ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻһ緢Ļɽ
ɽԽԼԼĵˣȫٻ
¹ȻƣۺʵҲҪǾӦʮʮʮࡣ
Ӧ﷢衢߼˵ĻԼ¹ķ֮һֵȴǲѵġ
ҶŮˣŮһ˭˭ء
ĻɽȥǱ߱ɡ
йԩͷծֻҪӦ˾ˡ
·
¹ѩԴӵ걻ץͱѺ棬һֱա
һ˺ڣӦֻǽ뵽֮һλãܵĶѾǱüͷ˵·ȻǴ˵ĵطҲʵ̫ˣ»ʱ½˹ֵطδ̫һЩ
»ʺǺЦѾͷ⼸Ҳ˽ѵȻ˽ڣҾͽתصĽ
Ȼò̬ƣﻰ⣬ǲȫ濪͡
Ӧ»ʣãû˵
»ʵͬŵЦݣҲûп˵
ȻЩòЩԭԵ⣬ȻǴ˼ʵľӦڣǵòȫò¹ڵģ
ٹΣӦŤͷ˵Ȼ»ʾ⣬αصȵ죿Ծͽɡ̫䣬Ҵߡ
ߣ
»ʶھŮ˵ĵЩˡ
Ǳ˵ߣҲͰˣ˵ػȷʵýıȴĵطһû֮һ֣
Ϊı֮㵱ֻģԾǱǣϰһкġȴ˵䣬ֱǺķҪ¹ѩһҲðô¶ǣȫΰɣ
»ʵɫԲЦˣҼȻ¹ѩ빬ᣬ·֮ͣôһհգ빬һһʱ¹ѩԻƮС빬ᡣ
Ӧתߣãֻͷ»Ϊ·ǲһƮСеȺ¹ѩǣ㲻ൢ»ʵıʱˣһʱȴ֪Ҫ»ʴٹ񡣡
٣кΪͷ֮˵Ī˵һʱٶΣʤ٣ԶǿͣβƬ̣ʤȺ򣡡»ӦԲӦκηĻᡣ
νһʱ¹ѩϴͻָʱ䡣
һ㣬ΪŮˣ˭ҲǶãҪý
һʱ֮
»ŲνȫûĿκʤľӦĿĵƮСǰͣסŲ˵Ҵ˴ǰ¹ѩе˽´
һľܾ
»ʸЦһˣͲۡ
Ӧͷ»һ֣תȥ


116 ĺҵ
ԶԶأһλϴǲĵ˵»ʱ£Ӧδ̫Ŀˡ˰ɡ»ʱ²ϧԽۣαȴ㲻֪ˣʵǸýѵѵ
סڡ»ĿһۣѵȥôʲôѵôǽһȸͲóֵıУѵ㾹֪ĿģһĴ־ʱԻ߾ȪˣһעҪڣǳŻкͬھˡǿһֱҪȴֲԸ⸶ȥ顭㾹ʱͻòͷˣԴһȴҲʱԲǵ
סڣΪȫ״̬֮Ĳ࣬ЭȻҪΡ˵»ͻȻһӶס˽Ų
ƺʲôǰͻȻ͵һ¡

ƮС
¹֮УΪľһСԺ
²ûǽڣȴĻȻϣĿ֦Ĳһ𣬸߸γ˻ΧǽϿƣգŨŨ񳹵ڱգٲȻһȻɾ͵Ľ
һ굽ͷÿʱÿ̶лӿ¡
Աڵ֣ƮС
ӦߵƮСǰƮɢ¶һŻ
Ӧ仨Ȼ˽ȥ
ƮСԺ棬һŮӣغ
ŮһϮ£˿٣ҲûɫҲûκƷȴһȻȻ֮иԵ߽ࡣ
飬ӦһĵĮ
ƺ䣬Ҳûκ飬Աϡ
Ψɫϸıһ£ȴѷ֣Ƿǳ㲡
һִ嵽⽻㲡һ־´ݲе㲡
ôվ仨֮У˵ĸоȴǣѾһ仨˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻ᳹ɢڳ֮УɢŨ֮С
ӦĿ̾һ¹ѩþò
ŮӣҶЦĸף칬ǰʥŮҶӣ¹ѩ
˿̣þӦڣѭ̧ͷעĿžӦһƬžȴ΢Цһ£лˡ
ÿӦҲҲõԳʱɣ˳ֶΪһл֡
¹ѩԳЦЦʵǺ֮ף޶𡣡
¹ѩ仰ԣв֮ӣ·¶ȾͣνƮСƫƧؽ磬߱ȽϺӦ֮ǰһ¹ѩĪ飬¹ѩ仰ȴǽӦ飬Ĩɱʵǲֵģ
ֻǾӦȴ¹ѩ仰⣬ȫ̶ϤǸͬܣߵǰһ϶ʱһ輸豭ҶһӦȫ
ʮǰ˳棬˴˵ĽʽǺȲ衣ʱ˵ҵĲ㡣Ӧ˵һγ뵽Ҫ㣬ԾͽߺͲҶ˹
仹ߣĲ裬ô֮⣬Ҳڶ롣
ӦҽǴ㡣ҶҲòˡ
¹ѩԲЩȵ̧ͷžӦҲ̫׾˼ԹΪ裬ؾ˵ȸ֮ڴˣ
ӦĬһ£ҵ㲢֪ҵ£ЦҶЦȻˡ
¹ѩ粻ܿһ͵زһ£Ȼ̧ͷעžӦѺ·Ѿʮ꣬ȻЦȴǺ֪ġ
Ӧٲ˵ȫע裬һ
ֻǣŰһϣȴỬ顣
¹ѩ̾˿̾ϢУ˵İˡ
ȴ̧ͷܱǸ¡
Ӧ֮䣬ཻ֮ģ˼⡣
˵ţһ߳Ӷе;ΪˮߣһֻŲ䣬Ȼð
ң뵱꣬ҳ㼴һʣڶ֮ٴμʱȴ˵ͬĿԣҶˣֹֻͬɥʬˡ
¹ѩһ£ճճŲðȻβŵǡ֪ʲô飬ܹҸһģٶȸա
Ӧһյģȴǿ϶ûˡ
¹ѩ̾˿漴ҧҧЦѣ㡭ڰ˳䡣һҪ˵һ䡭ЦȷʵѾˡǣҶЦȴû
ҲԶģ
Ӧʶһ£ǣҵҶЦѾˣҶЦȴû


117 
¹ѩžӦǰԲìܵԴʣٶȾҵĲ֮У¶ŵɫͻȻһӴյӦǰ㡭˵
ӦɫתƽɫĲˮ㵹͸İ豭Ҽǵã׵ʱһ档
ӳǷʱҲǶٰһСæӦֻΪҪ£׷ǸˣûܹʼգǷ޵ļʵǱǸúܡ
¹ѩɫθҵıǸ֣ºγ˰ǣļ嶼ҳ棬ΨоǸʱҷһѡ¹ѩôࣿ
ʱǾ֮ͣһ۶ѣܶһЩ֣߲֮ҵ˹Ӧҡͷ
һھԣֻǾ֮ͣһȴǻ֮ʢ顢ڣҲ޷ġ¹ѩǸм˵
ºЦ壬»ʴšǷ޵ӦҸͷڵʱЩ򱻱½磬Ľȴû뵽¹ıֶͨΣôпᡣ
¹ѩȻ򣺡ԭˣҵջµĹͬ¹¹ȻһȥֻĽ֮Ϊһ֮ͣ
ԭԼһɱȴΪûΪ˵һ仰ֱʱղ֪ףʵ̫ˣһ䣬ǻرڡ
¹ѩм֮ɫ˵Ȼܣվǻŵģϣ
ӦЦһ£ֻҪţϣ
˵ȴҶЦɵһ󵶽һľʹ
Ȼ¹ѩȻŵȴ֪ԼɷͶӻš
Զôһϣ֧ȥ
Լأ
Լ˼ȻţǣĻϣô
ȼǵãΪ˱ȫӵҪиҡӦЦЦֻϧʱȴǷԱǺȫ
¹ѩһ˿жȻˣҲΪǳһ⣬ҷΪȡһ˷Ĵ֡
Ƿ֮ǡ׾ҶԾ˾˵䡭¹ѩھʵðָԤҲΪ֡Դ
ֻҪҳ֣ҲҶЦԴ±̬Ӧԭҵ˼¹εľùǷҪΪ¶ͬʱˣҲʼҲҪйȡġ
¹ѩĿ֮УǸмٴθлĺ⡣
ֻڣ˻ĵЦѾˡӦü˵ԣҶЦµͷֻ֮µõĲǱӻΣ
¹ѩȻ̧ͷ۾ƺעңԶĲɼĵطĵ̾˿ѩֻ֪Ҳ֪Ǻڵÿɻãʮа˾½硭
Ӧǰһ£Ϊȷһ¡Ǻӣǵ桭ȡ֣ҶЦ
¹ѩһ죬ǡ
һ˿ɫھӦϣ漴ȴʧ׷ʵҶ֪֮٣ǸӶ½磬½Ǻ½𣿡
¹ѩҧ촽ͷ
½ûӴȴгֵĵط
½½֣ν¹ѩôеʥأ
ΪԼɷԼĶӣ
Ӧ¸䣬˵ֻһζ衣
ƺʳ⣬ˣ䣬ҲûʲôϵĶ
˵¹ѩȴǲôסˡ
Ӧ⣬ûͷûβûûȥʵÿνĪ֪ƣȻʼǣ¹ѩںǣҵˣλܳס
˺ð죬ӦԾʲôʣʲô˵ˣ¹ѩżˡ
ѲΪһҶӵ֣㲻ϲµģҪθֱӽһĵ
ȻӦ˼ȴĲ˵ˣĳˣһĵ״һԼŵĿܣһϣ
¹ѩĻشˣȴѾΨһһ볹׵
˼ʵľӦңһ㸴ִֻĶˡ
ֻǣԵ͹һλĸףһλʮ궼ûԼĸ׵Ƿִŵ֮顣
ʮˡһԼ˵˵Լӵˣ¹ѩοϷŹ
¹ѩֻоԼһķ·ʱܴӿ
ղǼ仰ǡǡĺô¹ѩֵĿžӦҪӾӦҵһЩԼ˽Ⲣҿ
ûСӦҡҡͷſڻش


118 ĸģ
˿̵ľӦȫȻ޿ܻشѾ֮ܿɹˡ
ղŵĻ¹ѩ۾ڷ⣬ƺҲڷ⣺ǸǺйأǵǿԵǧ桭
ֻһᣬʵ档Ӧ˵
ѵǺڡѾ򣿡¹ѩ⣬뵽ԡ
Ǻں½Ӧô˵
ǶӡһɡӦ¹ѩһһԼἰѾؽ硭ҾĲ֪ˡ
¹ѩһͻȻ͵һץס˾Ӧ֣߬ס㡭˵˵£ʲôУֻҪ֪ġ
˵仰һˢˢ佫ţԼ޳ԽͣԽʵ˹ȥ
ȴִŵĿžӦ֣߬ǿ
ǹԼӵֻƬϢڵ¹ѩ˵Īο壡Ϣ£ѾĶˡ
Ӧ̾˿¹ѩһΣһԴĵǿ
ɣԼȻ˵һȫȻ֪ĻôŮӣһ̺ܾܿͻΪǿҵʧ
ʵǡ֪
Ӧ֪ҶЦ£ΣȫǱ¸ģʵ˵޿˵
˿¹ѩĿ⣬ӦҲֻѡ
ֻҪ֮ˣĸĿ֮£ֻѡ
Ҷ֪٣;˵Ӧ֮£ֻý¸Լ˵ġҶЦһУĸһ顣
һ˵¹ѩһ߲ϵ׷ʡ
ռ䣬˿ѵȻ޴档
ӦĽ˺ü飬¹ѩڲͣ׷ʡ
ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ˣˡȥѶ
ǶԾӦһ䣺Ƕӡһɡ¹ѩǸĸȤ
ĿžӦ͡
Ӧ֪Щ
ҶЦҲûмǸСӻԼһϣԭ㡭
Ҫ˱ʡ
ʲô°
ӦĸоԼҪˡ
ǲ롭ӦŬôǵĶں½󣻽Ҳʮ꣬ҵһλ˸ңĿǰΪѾɷˡССͣз֮ΪȻһšڸ壬Ҳûֹ֪ڴ˶ѣû֪ˡ
¹ѩ²ʵʮ½֮ҲԪ۷ѣôǲˣɹҲŲԪ׶ѣޡ
ӦŶͷĵ
¹ѩҪԼӵĿ佱ˡΪʶô᲻׸飿
һں½Դѷĵͼλ棬ȴʮʱԪ壬򡭡λǲţ
þӦеƵģ¹ѩģ仰
Ѿǹ⣬̬ƷҪü飡
޶˲²⣬ڸղŵĽУѾŷԼԼȴҲֻѡŷӻش𣬱ŷĿ佱ǸδҶЦ
Ӧап࣬ɴԼǱվʱѾˣһҪ죬ˣԵټ
ҪˣزƬ̣¹ѩһδ
ǵġ
ҪȥΪܲ߶׷ʣһ㣬һԼĵܲˣ
Ӧתڻǰοһ䣺ҺúõĴȥǧԼò˶ãǸŶӾͻὫӳȥġǲġ¹ĶӣһսҲδ֪
¹ѩ˴˵ôô
ͻĳ૵ʵһ㶼ðվҡֻϣƽƽģҸ˳ȥһҲҪʲôʹ࿲ţܷǲֵܹĹȥأ
Ӧ̾˿תո߳¹ѩ
ܲܶ鷳һ£¹ѩȥܲܰҡһҶӣ
ӦЩΪѣһиֻзˣһȥעɱȪԼ֪ܹ߳ԶҴȥ¡
¹ѩѾĽʮ꣬ʮĵһˣΨһи֮ˡ㣬ҲҲڶ˿԰ˡ
ӦжȻһҲաҪҴʲôȥ
žӦӦʣ¹ѩϲ֮࣬ȴãϾֳѿ֮ɫ
ʮ꣬ﻹʲô뵽Լʮûмһ棬һĸ׵ҲûоѵֵǰҪӴһ㶫ȴȻֻƾȻûʲôòó֣вһᣬˢˢ


119 ڸģ
Ӧһߵȴţȴǵȴãû¹ѩóʲôɵЩƵ̧ͷ
¹ѩԼϣЩ޴룬ǵͨ죬˵ľȣȴԽԽ࡭
β˵Ҳ֪Ҫ£ﷱͲ͹תˣǹǿĺ鷳Ҷһ仰˵ֻҪ㡭úõأúõػš㡭
ڡ޳ʲôҲܸ㣬ն񡭡Ҫúõء¹ܺãһаݣ㲻Ҫ
˵¹ѩͻȻʹʧ
Ӧ쳤̾ŵĺҲ̲סһɬ
ãֻҪԵ꣬һ㽫仰
ӦԲɽʱԼЩԺ
ǰʼӰ¹ѩӣǷ׶Ŀ̹ǵ˼ʹᡭ
¸ĸİ
Ӧ̾ϢԼԴ԰飬¹ѩʹȴԴ飡
ԹˣĪǣ
Ҫȴʲôò⣬ѵĸ׵ı
⼸仰ȴǳĸ
Һúõģ㲻ҪǣǺúõô
仰ҿ϶Ҫ
ֻһΣҵĸ֮;ȴҪһ·ˣЦҵҡӦĬĬš
Σһλĸ׵ԸԼܹţ
ո¶ӣ룡
Լʮꡭ
Ǻεȵ˼Ҿ磡
Ȼ߾Ȫ֪һУҲԹԼһ̣
Ӧ̾һͻȻһνʣһߵ
ϣ
Ӧʣ
Ҫ֪ҵĶʱȻǸ٣ǲԸʱ򣬸ҵ˾ҪۣĴֻۣҪǸĴۣܸȥɡ
ŶżҺܿҪȥˣ
ӦӰ˲ʱʧԶɽ֮С
Ȼ·ߵݴУŴӲݴ֮£ͻȻ佦ߵѪ
߸ˣΪܹϢ©ۼظپӦԼǣȴҲûл׷٣ˡԼΪԼ˸ĹԼᡣ
һȫްۼ
ӦӰӴڽʧ١

ھӦ뿪֮
¹ѩãȻؿܻǽĿ޽㣻ڵȫԼѾˡҲѾڵĶϡ
ţٶˮ
ҿڿԳΪһôְء¹ѩӳôˡҾһ·ûи
ĬĬᣬȴȫȻûв֪ʲôʱ»Ѿվ
һ仨֮У»ʾĿԼ谮ĵӡ
ĸӡ
ˣ»ʾĿڡ
ˡ¹ѩתһʦ𡣡
㵹ǻǵʦôϽһʦ𡣡»۾һУʦ㣬ǰ㣬ȴΪʲô
¹ѩжȻһйһ֮Եѣ֮ѹأһǰȴһЩ顭
»ȻĵͷһЩ£
¹ѩͷǣҲףؾЩ顭˵жı֮λĸиҲá
Щ˹ȻֵΣӦȴ۱и£ǽ뱳ȻһгϵС»׿죬̾˿
УһƬ仨Ʈ䣬ǰƵȥϢ
ӦһŮӡ»ǹһ˿ǳЦֻϧʵ̫գ̫ɵˡ
¹ѩһ¡
̫գ̫ɵ
˵Ӧô
ֻϸ룬⻰ȴֺγ˵Լأ
¹ѩʦʵǵֻһŮˡ
»üëʱŭŮˣŮΣѵŮˣֻӣԼƾԼȥһҵô
¹ѩ϶ܵģŮӶԣһԼˣһԼļңŮáԸ
û뵽ô㾹ôִԲ򣡡»ŭ˵⼸չأֻǰװ׵˷ʱ䣡
¹ѩЦһ£ôͽչءȴúܡ
仰˵չأҺʱйչˣֻǱĽ˵һ㣬ڱ
»Ǻε֮⣿ŭ˵ôԾȻûĥΪʦʧǳʧ
ӣıңпɹиò绨Ȼ֣ȥҲκԥתͻ»ˡ
»仰˵ɱ죬Թ죡
¹ѩһʦŮӡǶܹ˹˵Ȼÿһ˶ܹһ˵ģҲÿһŮģǸɡ
Ȼû˵е˼Ѿס
˸ˣңû
㲻ܽԼǨŭ˰
»ԳŭЩ¹ѩãã㶼ܹѵˣãá
Ӳҡ¹ѩ
ң㻹ʲôҵģ»ؿŭɶ׸ĸ˫عУϤĸΪӣ²ôģ˼Чʦţ˶˽飬ӣһֱڣڸģ


120 Ի
»Խ˵ԽǷŭ
Աʼֿ˵ˣ¹ѩ˭ĵӣӦô
¹ѩæҡͷǣǾ˵ǵԼ˼аԣ̵Ӳú
»ŭδݺݵӦԼܺõȥʲôʸ˵ˣһǻ飬עһϣԼԼһı磻һֱǸȥûеõʲôҪΪ𡭡Լ޴ĿЦܱ˵£
ǲһ֮𲻱ҪĳͻΪںһӦôھӦѾ뿪˱ؽ磬޹˼ɣ׷ȥΣǲܣǲң»ɫ
ʦˡӾ޴⣬һ˼̵ܽٲ¹ѩڡȴңӡҲΪĸʮȴûмԼĺһ棬ദһʱ̡ӣң״Σ£ȷʵ޹ء
¹ѩͻȻ˵ӣ»ʲ֪뵽ʲôһסˣɫĪ⣻ͻغһȥ
Գ磬޸֮Ӵ֮ƮС˼Ȼûҵһ
»ˡ
¹ѩӴƬ̣̱
ܹĸоʦһ˲䣬ԥһ¡
һԥڿǣǽԼ·
գ»ʻǾά״˵ǶԾӦĳŵ˵ǲġ
лл㣬ʦǵȻǡĵġ¹ѩԺͣҵļңҵɷҵĺӡ
Ӿֻһ޴־Ůˣ˶ѡ
ЦЦ졭

˿̵ҶЦٲ֮ǰ緢ɨѹ鷳
ôĸϸսȻǻȴҲսһֽڲϢһһս
һʼʱϲĸǿߣ죻ǱҲԡôḻôô
ʵš
ʵ̫ˣ
һȺ֮еǿ׳ϣȻ֮гưԣ
ֻǿ׳϶һֻԣ
ֻͨƽĹҲ򲻵еģ
ڱʲߣ϶ôǿ׳һֻĹôҲӱɵˣ
ңҶЦоһ£˶Լûκζ⡣
ҲǲԼ֣
Ļ϶ԹֻҪڣ϶ԣûյΣ
ǰ£սıʣͱ˱Լš
Ȼ챻ñףĽȴ١
ڣҶЦѾ˻Ȼʵôʱۻĵ񵤣ȴǿԴóˡ
ŪôߣҪʲô
ռУݲһյҶЦͷһĴ˿̣ſռѻɽʬͷƤһķ顣
治ҶЦСÿһοһĻԾɻһëȻĸоȻ
ǰߣռѻ˻СɽһɽȻΪռԵʣپҲḯֻÿһĿëȻĸоҪһǿܿơ
ǳ޹ġһǰһĻȫȻûκιϵһ㣡
ʱæŵѵҶЦûôĹ˿һ͹ˮÿëҫ۵ĹȻԾֻһȭͷôСǣҶЦȴܹоڱǿ
ոճʱǷѾǿ̫࣬ԶԶն
ҿԿóʱʵ̫ĺö
һ㣬ƶٶȱøӿˣҶЦΪϸĻƶĹ켣ͬ׾Թ϶һ㣬޺ۡ
԰ЩƵĸһ͡
ĳʵģֱĪ
ռôߣֻǿҪԵģѵô
ţֻ߲̣µ
ޣǵģС߾ȻҲҵֱð
Դʮ;޴۽ʬԱߣһڣԼһߵĹ·βɪɪ
λ˱ţ֪ʲôطĿռȲ֪ԼôģӲ֪ôȥÿһ죬Ҫλޱȵλѹÿһ춼ҪλүˣȻ󡭡ҪǣÿһŷϢʱֻſڶѻɽͬʬԱߡ
ҲһųѪ߲
ǻˡ塭˿̿ͷˡ
ԣҶЦˣô⣬һֻСèôԵꣿܳԵ꣬ԣҹҹԣ㶼ôһռͼôЩĲĻԣ


121 Ѫ裡
ϸ룬üáٿôһߵʬ壬֮ǰ飬ǵģζ£ԶҲǻġ
ΪԶҲᷴУ仹ôƷֿɹѡ񣬿ЩվǳԵˣٿֱЩˣǰЩʬҶЦԣǳԵЩθֱһŵζ͸оЩġ
ǻ۵ֻ֣ҪĳЩ²淴֮ģĸоͻʱȻλˣϲиڼˣһ۵£Ͻ֮
ȴĳòƺСɵض˶ӣ״ŵʬתһȦ
Ȼֱ˵ϣһֻë׵Сצ̧Լ°ϣڳ˼
ĳ˵òڿǺЩӰʳԽԽǷθӷУǴ°øϽ˽֮ǡҪôأȴǾ᲻õģǳ
һֻèҲܳ˼
ҶЦԼһĻˣ׷ʴʬ顣üëһ
̫ˣ
һ̣һéٿĻζ
ȻֻǶһצʬһ˫è۾ɵôģСצôһꡭ
ҶЦ˫ٶȵɴ󣬶һӾ͵ɵԲԲģɴ˼ޣۿƣû׼ֱӾŬˣ˵Ц
ֻǰһĻʵ̫ˡ
ŶֻСצӵôһ꣬ʬʧͬʱȡֵ֮ǡһССĺɫ裿
۾צӰһֵĵ裬ͷ˳òһӡ
漴ƨһᣬǿŵһƨɶҶЦֱߡ
ҶЦǿźɫ裬һʱȴδֱܷʲô£ֻоһ㵤ҩʸ죻һŵ顣
ָֻһıȻ֮࣬ҶЦ֪ԭŵǶϵʶȫ侫һ㣬ɾ͵һѪ顣
ŵ蹹ɵҪɷ֣ȻѪȴûʲôζһɵ㡣
ʱԳľУôûԣСٳԣ
ʱĶԽԽǴ졭
սݵĶͣʼˢˢˢһһŵѪʹצ治ϵµµĲϳ֣ǰ󲻹Ƭ̣Ͷѻ˺ôһѡ
ԵģѻɽʬѣۿɼķȼС
һߣʮ;޴۽һɵ۾ԲԲģ۵ľǿ־塣ϵĲҲ³ˡ
ȻǱҶЦѪ壡
ҵҵĵҵ񰡣ôͬʬ壬һʹû˰
ȫѪ֮
ԭȻҲ֪λ˺ֲܿȴ֪Ȼֲȳ̶ȣֻǻӻֵĹ⾰Ѫ⾫˲ʱᣬֱǶ컯Ĵͨ
ԶһֶλǺ˵ҶЦȻ֡ǼߵĴԴϣȻϸϸĺ顭
ˣ
ҶЦɵ۾һֱ
˭Ҫٸ˵ѪﲻģʵѾģ
ۼ֤ģҲǻģƽղǻûеǸ̶ϣ
ʱ˿̣ǾǱŵˣֱӾǻ޴
ʵʤ۱磡
һ̬ɻβĳѪ飬ǹһƺеˣ˳־ʹӵץһѪ飬ȥ
Ѫ֮࣬ƺϱǾһֿʼɻ
ҶЦѪץֻЩģеȴֲҳԵ˼
ۿҶЦԥԴȻǲ⣬ԲԲ۾һһһһĿҶЦ
˼ǣҷѾôõĶզԣζܲģҸղƷأ
ҶЦһĿЦôԣղſۿ㽫ü߾ô˻״Ѫ飬û¾ͲˣҪҳԣ̫ˡ
βҡҡȰ
԰ɳ԰ɣܺóԵġζ
ҶЦͷðΣǲԡ
ڰͷͻȻһԾ𣬰ӰգһצӾͽҶЦͷŵѪҶЦ
һ±ҸҶЦȻȫκηӦѪѾˣ
ҶЦתԾСٶȾȻ쵽˵ز쵽ԼȫӦĳ̶ˣ뵽ôĵ½죬һɷθĸоȻﻹü³ֻһůٳʺ漴һѪȣѪȻһ˲ǿࡣ
иһԪӿƺԪҲࣿ
ⶫܻԪǿΪ
ҶЦ۾һֱϸоǰ״̬ﻹеʲôģΨһ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣѪЧֱЧĻԪƷ
͵Ϯ֣ƮƮƵµβأҡҡȥèϾһƬ
㲻ԣҪԣ
ߡ
룬漴ͿԼ˾ȻѸײڶ֮ƣץһѪ飬ƳǶһĴڴ̽ȥ
ֻҪΪƴˣ
ƽⶼҳԣӲڻ£
۾һӾֱˡ
⡭ʲô
ղŲôӶôôڶʼˣ
Ҫȫһ˰


122 ĵ
ҶЦֿʼսˣϵս
ʮλʶԼǼ֤һ漣
һ棡
ֻ˵һ񻰣
峿ʱ֡Ҷ֮಻жϵĳս֮Уʮһĵ氤򡢱ŰݲУռͦسŵ˳緹ʱôһĴϢ֮
ٶȿʼһһĵѹȡ
ֻǣط֣ףڵҶƺҪȷǰǿһЩأ
磬ٳһսֻǸǿһҶԾ԰ؾ棬ҪݲУ˺ǾȵǣȻͦˣ
һֱ֧ŵǻᣬĳŰٶȻһδϢʱ
սֻ˵ǱŰΪĳ˻Ǳȫλѹֻǣս֮˽͹ףһƺʱָǿ˼أǴô
ĳսһֱҹɢȥϢϢ˯
賿սٶչ
ֻǲս˲Բ۾ףСӾȻϸǿˣ
治Ǵ
峿ǻᣬСԪƷ£һб㼴ܣһͿأ⣻磬ȻһܣȴѾܹӦٲǰܵһͿȫ޽ʱԾһܣѾܹӦʱӦԣһаֻܱ֮࣬߰˲ûˤʱǱ״ϣнֻĳȥѣòٵ˵
Ȼ˽賿ܱȻһаܱ˾ֻ˻Ρ
֮սλԪƷֱӾǲĪв˼飺⡭զأԼóһϸƵȣȡõսôȫͬء
һȫս֣չƷɿһֱԹսʹõ̫ˣҶƣͻᱻλչɱ
Сǰǰ󼸴βͬķӦȴΪʲôأ
ֻǶ̶һһҹʱѰ
ôۿŽۿǿʵ飬ȻһǼʶ㣬ȴίʵǵһμ
Ȼһʱ䣬ҵ𾪻ڼ
Ȼ󣬵һϡ
ͼǸҶʱ򣬡䡱һͻԪƷ
ͻˣôȫ׵ͻˣ
ΪʲôҪ˵֡أ
ΪĳʱѾȺͻƺöˣʼԪƷͻƣͻƣͻԪޣԪȻ֮ͻˣ
飬ͺƭһ㣬ͺǳ˵һ㣡
һֱڹעҶһһۼ֤һĻչչƷɣܸɴһƨɴˤ
һ˲Ϊ𺳶˹Լˤ϶Ƥ
ôģ
ǰŸͻƵԪһƷûУ
ү״ү
ȻѾĽͻԪƷ⵽Ҫ
촫˵Ǳ׫񻰣
ҪͻôһƷ֮еţôҲҪʱԳòãôģŻһĳˣ
ҲҸ̬һˣ
ȱչƷԼǱ״ԼԼ˼ʵľ̬˹ԼϻָۼΧڣŭʲôƨ񰡣뿴ȥ˿ӿԼȥ
Χ˾һʱ
չˣΧ۵ĳԣֻǹ㣬ܵ˵òãڿʱȴһ䡮ƨ񣿡ʲôȥ˿ӿԼȥ⡭û˵ˡ
⻰˵ǵδض⣬ԼأԼƤʲôˣôǿԼͷϿʺӵģչչƷɻǿʷ֮Ⱥӡ
ȴ֪չ֮ʧ̬˵״Σģ̫֮⣬óһ˵жϡ
ҶʵдȾҶǲԪƷӣսһ浹ڣ൱ҵĳʱ乥ս
չƷʲôˣǵԪƷĴ֣ͬСɣжͬȷ
ڽĵڶս֮УҶԪƷĸֵĹƣȻչƷɲ²һ㣬ȥ˻йأƾеĵز
ڣλԪƷչƷɵ׿³ȫҲֻǽҶǿܶѡ
оǣչƷɾȻоҶڽĶսоȻûоȫ
룬ûƴ
չƷ֮ԵóۣΪҶһյĶս֮УȻнսҪǰԪƷľȹǽ߾ȫʤ֮սԪƷӣҪеģ
ϡ
ҶһȣλԪƷ۷ĵӦˣǱʮؿڣȻӡۼ
ѻȸ


123 ͣ
˶Ŀɿڴ
ԾԭȻԪƷ۷ӵܣԼܵѿ
Ҳӵʵ˵ãʵϣڳˣʮа˾ŵʵԶ֮ϣȻҲ״֮Ҫ˵ܵѿѿҲ
ڵ⽹ȴǣŪǰⳡˣҶһողͻԪƷСӣ죬Ʒӵһ֮С
ص˽գսȻת˹
ڿЦ־أ
ֻٿһؿڵӡ˶֪
ǿɲǼţ
һУҶڱƿķ֮Ӽתۼɲľ˸ٶȣʮ߽ͳͳؿڣ
⻹ҿҶĿǰֻԪƷĹȣǰҶÿŴ¶˲䣻ʵʵĶʮ߽ôҲܽһྡ߳ɷĩ
ǰǣҶΪ޿ƵԪƷĻԪԼԪƷҲ㹻
ԣҲͬĿóҶʽմȻѾ¯ĵزΪĵĲߣľֻԪƷѣ
⼸ţֱߵþ֣˶̾Ϊֹǳ࣡
оǣСӵٵսòҲе˰ɣ
ȫǹرΪ磬飡
ֳһƬţչƷչȻֱŴˡ
ΪʲôҪá֡أ
˶֪˰ɣϻˣ
ǺҶЦսģͻԪƷġ
ҶЦȴǶ˼־衣
ΪԼͻƶƷʱǸо˼ɶ⣻漴ʧˡһǿȷġ
⼸ɶ⣬ȷЩ֮С
ʱҶЦֻΪĽʺޡڸղţԼԪƷλӵʱ⼸ɶ⣬һγˣ
һΣҶЦоԡ
ɱ⣡
ҶЦľһᵽ˼ޣ
ʲô
ںڲɱң
ȻɱһţҶЦҲԴͷȴǵȷڹһ㣬ӹɣ
ҶЦ֮Ķ֮Уӽ˵ʼչƷԱտţȴʼûٳֹ

һա
ͻȻ侯ӳ
ǧɽ֣ͬʱٵľӡ
һ̣ټ֮춯
Ժ߽׵ӵټ
չƷɲ㶣ͷͣͣԪϵӣǰϡ
˵꣬һȥķǳ
ڳļʮԪƷϵҶЦͬʱסˡ
Ƿʲô£չʧ̬ˣҶЦͷǴʵ
Ϊһǰ֪ܲеľӳ
ȴǡǽҪʲôǿĵˣú֣£
˵ķɲᰡ
ѵǴ˵еķŮٵˣ
ỹ֪ոҶЦսԪƷӴϢδ϶ؾˡղҶЦսȻԼ۵òᡣ˿һĻ
δ䣬ԶԶӭɡ
Ҫǰеһ㶡
ҶЦҲһ㶡
ǾӳǱζǿ˴˺Ľ󷨣Żᷢ־ȴֳӭ
ô£
ȻΣţǹ͵ҪҪҲȥմأԱһΪԪƷˣĶ˵
ʦ֣δóȻǰȥֻ²ףҪǱˣǿɾ͡һ˵
λʦֺٺһЦģֻǶԶԶĿһܻʲô££ǰҲûйǲġ
ܴ棬δǰȥۿ񣬿ҪŹʹġһüͷʦ֣Щ˵ҲˣΰҶһţͱŹ洦ô
ʦֺǺЦǳڴˣҲŶ˼Ǳţȴ½ģдԵøһȥʶ˵ˣǸԶֻԶԶһųǾ֪ˣҲ֡飬ǰҲûй
ʱһֱǱУսĲƣܸЪϢƬ̣ѵԶôͷȥҲҪ߽ģһӴʣЩǺõġ
ܴһɫ˵Һɽʱڣʵǰۣʵ֮ǰѵܳʲôⲻô
룬˵
֮Ҳк֮ģȷ뿴ĵ˭Ҳû˷ˡ
ҶЦоУƴǵǰȥɣϢһᣬһ¸ղŵ򡣡ʮ˹ЦѾŬˣѵҪһ֮ڽǴſô
ҶЦֻǲȥ
ǷʲôֻǱܵĸеȥסȻ֪ƽҶЦǸоЩףɣȴ˵


124 
ҶĪǿǲɣô˵Ҳöˡܴãȥ֣ʲô
Ȼǲɷ˵ҶЦߡ
ԱߵФĺҲЦ˵ǾȥɣҲʲô£öˣһЩʶ˵⼸Ҳʵ̫ˣɷɸá
ҶЦƴǣ˳ţҶЦʮ˸߲ҵǰߣһ˾ĵ˳ȥ
ФĺȴûȥΪФزμκ֣ФĺҲǸоʱЩƣϢ
ɽϡ
һɷǵվһǰ档
λϣλжӡ
˾ɫȻ
һǹԪ󣬾ǳӭ
Ѿǳӭǡ
ҶЦ˾һò֮ϣĹͷ
ԱĶԣҶЦǲģңоЩطԾʵǰҪֵŨ˼Ȼֱӽ˹
ҶЦʵΪ޷ֿǿˡǿȣҲֻðư͵ĴˣȻˣҲ԰ԼӰƫƧλá
ɽŨȻƿӰӰӰ´µĴŨ֮룬߳ģһѪ쳤ۣƺƮǰۿϼ䣬¹ҫ˳һȣӺݻɡ
һ߽ȻͬͥŲȻȻֳһͷ¡̤ɽǬģµĸо
ҶЦէһˣ²һ¡
ˣ֮Уţ콣ͣڻ졣
콣죡
λ˵š
ߣˣಽ粽룬էȥһʵ˵վλ߶ϸ΢ĲಽĽƶУѽڻ˷еķλȫص޷졢©
µ
޵һˣһϢڣǽղ
λͨĵԪƷ֣˵
ķžǴеµһ䷨Զλ˳֣ҲҪȫɱ֮󣬲ڻ죡
ڻ߳
ڻ죬ţɿϹ֮
ֻǣõĹͣȴвֹһˡ
һߣŨ֮УһҲȻͬҲĸˡ
һˣһϮ£ȻһϮ֮ϣȴǹ˸ȴΪǹ˿ߣ˰ɫֻۣһϻ֮ǳ¡
֮һţǳŵ
ഫֻҪ·ǵԪƷȫҲеֵӵʱ岻κι˵һ
ʸ·ģɾֻǳŵȻһ˶ѡ
ͬλԪƷ֣ɵ
İȫ
ŵͬΪѵĺȻȽԼôܡҶЦԶԶţоԾ
ǵֵȴǷܣȴΪΣ
ͬʱʱЩ⣬ǶƲסĳ¡
ȿȡţţǴݹ٣ԡ米һ˵׻漴λ˴Ѱģѵģ⾰ĳ˵̫Сʵھ̡
һ˵һĿȤλѲȥ
ڻһ˵죬ҲǣҵλǣǳţҲӰɣɷɶ֮ơ
ȻЦЦֻŶǵҲ̹ԶԣŲŲŶҳô
ŭʲôңǺһĶֵأ˶໰ϻǸϽ
ڻһߣһ˵Ɑ϶Ҫ߶ŵģֻţ֪ŵһѣѾʼˡ
Բһ㶣ȻЩ⣬Ƭ֮ͻɫһ䣬ʧѵıľӦѾɽˣ
ȻЦһӦ˷̽ɽٲڣֻĵһվȴ¹һг֮󣬾ʹʧӰ
;ǲõаڣе֡Ѿȷ϶նɱˣĿǰٲ˭Ҳ֪Ӧ˺δȥһĿĵ
һߣһߵ˵˵Ļֻ˱˴֮
Ȼ˵һ˵⵹Ǵ£רɵĴ¡
ʶطһ£һʱ侹оԼİȫ⣬òҲЩǵӡ
ʱԼԺΪܷڣ㶼֪һ١ٶģٰ˵ʧԣﻹʲôȫԿԣ
ǾӦɱ
ֻо˼⡣


125 ɱ֣
ţԼΪӦڲ֮䡣λı֮ǴҪͬھôԼһǺаյģûʮɣ߰˳еģ
Ҳ߰˳ɣֻöɣһɰɣԼҲҶģ
һһиһǿ治˵Цģ
ǸﾹȻˡɫҲˣɱЦҾ;òԾڹȻӦˡ
ʲôˣʱڻͻȻһһȡ
Ȼ
ڻԪƷ־Ȼһͬʱ֣󽣹⡰ˢһ˳ȥУȻһ

Ԫ۷ֳ֣ȫʩΪǾ춯أ
ңǳ֣ȴֻһѡ
д˲˵ϣѾ˺εĬĵز
ȻںȻ֮У֮һò
ҶЦ˲֮
Ǳߣ͵һԪӶʱһȫɵˡ
ǰδеŨϢ˲ʱ˵ͷһ˲䣬ȫ޷Ӧ彩Ӳ亹乣עŽȴһҲŲ
ûзӱܵͷԺرһĺȻһ֮£ѱᣬ۷ƣѹ˶ԺһƬհף
޿ɱĲҾʹһƬҽ
⡰ˢӹδ˥ֱԶɽ֮һƬѪ˹
⣬Ȼ͵ˣһ⣬Ǵ
֮࣬Աڶߣǧ֮һɽ康ȻȻʯƣ
ҶЦоЩԾ˵ӭ͵òҲǲ͹ص顭
һ룬һ
ȴǾ˵ģһֱǰλʦأץǲ֪ȳ棬һҲδһΣʧʧ
˵ţȻը٣
漴ǰҫԣ̵ֱ۾ҶЦʾֻоƺһס˼Ҳסˣ
һֳ׵סͷβĽӲ
ָоҶЦԣİǷǳϤġ
޷ֿΣ˶Էȫ޷ѵʱ򣬲ܷо
һָоǾǵͬɣҲûκνң
ҶЦΪһΣָоȫȻİ
һ̣Ȼһͷмˣ
ԭԷİԼһֱоĲԾҲ
ʦ֡һ⣡
ܴ棬Ҵ˴λܻȥҶ壡
ҶЦǷߺޣʱǿҵĲȫȫȫȫ飬ƺһǿŤһ¡
Ȼ˵ȫƶӲĸоԼҲҪֶϣҶЦȴҲüǽȫýˣȴҲֻԼԲһ࣡
˶ѣ
ͬʱһؿһĲӺؿƤ˹ȥ
߾ȫһŤվһãȻԾɲⱻ˴ƬƤ⣬һعͷҲضˣվǱסˡ
ҵͷҶЦûüԾؿһ
һͨĸоȻ˲ʱ֮·Ҳ
һȻؿֱֱ룬ִӺλһ͸׳һԶߣ
ȴûܶĵ
Ķ
ⱾҶЦȻɱ֣
ҶЦȫȻŵʶͷ濴Լؿλõһ͸ֻоԺһƬհף
ˡѵҪô
ҡİ
ҶЦ۾ɨλʦ֣ҲһĲţؿλøԼһҲһ͸
Ȼͬһնɱ
ѾõȵҶЦʣôһɱˣ
͵ˣ⣬ȫǱһĶ
һʮˣȫȻûκܹ⣡
һϢдҶЦЦһ
Ҽֲֻأ
λʦҲǣǿɡԸⲻԸ⣬ⶼǱⲻ˵顭ΪʱչƷѾˡ
⾹һҵɱ֣
ԷĿ꣬Ҫ
ܴ棬ζô񡣡
ֻȴ֪ԷĿȻң£ԼôѵɣΪ˱йܣҲǱģʼҲǻɵģ
Ǳںļϸʿ
ˣҶЦҲֲ֧סֻоǰһڣۡĵȥ
Ѫؿڽ˵Ѫ֮С


126 ޳֮
ڻȵ˲䣬üͷڿҺ棬ѵе˴ɱɣΪӦԵʶľԱҲ˰ɣ˵ˣҿȫûоǱе⣿
ǾͶˣδ̫˰ɣ
⡭ԣòƲԾ
չƷͻȻһã
漴ҲȥĵطͻѪˣ
һƬĿĺ죡
˭Ǳߣ˲ʱˡ
ˢˢˢ
˾չΣһӶ
·ص㣬ĿֳֻһƬǽ壬ʮ˺˵Ѫ֮С
ɫһ󷢰ףôˣЩǡ˭
ȻߵչƷɣһȻòҰף
ȻûаѪɫ
չƷɻתͷĿϬһĵڻ죬۾رúˡ
ͻȻˢһȻ֣һԵľһȻ֮У籩ڻ˹ȥ
һ
ڱɱ
ϮչƷɵıըһ𣺡ڻ죡
һǽչƷȫ꣬һеһСϤȼУ
Ƿĳޣߣ֮
˶еظоչƷǹɾıʹ
Ҷ֮ĸ飬֮⣬չƷɡչƷȣҶǷĵ׵ϲ
ҲҶ˺ϣ
˿̣˿ǵĳֻ֣оѾըˡ
˫ͽߣν뼸С
ڻոȻ֣ԭʱ̲ʱһյչƷɵϮôͻأƺڻôҲǶ㲻ȥġ
ڻȴзһ㣬ӾչƷɳֵͬʱһƬһļƮƺˣƻʵȴ˲Ϣ֮ת˰˸λܿչƷڱɱȻһܵ˼ʮ֮⡣
Ǵ˿̵չƷ۾ˣʹ֣һ֮Уβ׷ӯɱ
ۣ
ڻȻһ֧¸סչƷɵ׷Ϯһȵ𣿡
ڻУҲΪչƷɾ㺷Ȼ֣Ƿڴˡ
ô£
黹ûȫŪǻȫûü飬չƷؾͷһĳˡ
֮УΪӴڵˣ粻һĳ֣
Ʒס֣һɫô嶯ʲô»δžʹ±Ȼһס֣
չƷѣ桭桭
ߵ쳤Х棬Ҷ
һ֣˼ȫסˡ
Ǿҵزһ£ɫͻȻһƬ
תؿס֮ڻ죡
˵ղŻֻչƷһɱ⣬ͬɱɱȻ
ڻأһ⣬ţô£ҳΪδ˵ػô಻⡢ϲڴ˿̽㣬չƷɣղʲô˼óȻɱУ֮սô
˵˵ţһ㯱˷ŭ죬ʲô˼㾹Ȼ˶ԴֵɣȻҪ֮ڣô㡭Ǻ󣬽һҪһ˵
ܴ裬ֱ޷ܣڻ챯ߵ˵ţѾ˽ϡ
һȻ֮Ȼɢ
ƺǳĪί
һߣȻҲһľ㵣ۿһĻһ쳣ߵ˵죬Ǻʲô˼ѵҪ⼸˶ɱ˲ôǶɱˣΨ㺮һô
쿴ˣһʱûãҧ˵úúãǡããǺã
ˣȻ۾˵죬㻰Ҫ˵߲Ž˶ȴѷôĿ̽ߣǵ˼ΣܾϤô֮ϲ֮β֮ɱ֮
ʲôʱ򣬾ӦǸŮ˵ʱض֣ܵܳžȻִãⱾǷ֮£ʲôˣⲻһˣһҲǻֵģô
Ȼһţ˵õˮ©Ӳۣȫƪ˵гɱдȶ֮⣬ľһԣֻбѣ
ǣ˶ѾˣˣˣӲָĳ˾ɱ˭ܹô
ڻһɭȻ˵˵Ļ˼ѵЩ⡢ϲĿ֮̽ˣȻǺ˵Ӳôŵɻñˣ˵˺ɽЩ˵ȻǺõӣǣô֣ȴΪҪҵȲ𣿡
״˵ҶǶѣ˭֪˭ĵϸ˭£˵Щ̫𣿡


127 ţ
˵䣬ԪƷ۷Ѿǿô֮¡
һһϸţܹѰٵҴߡ
ֻԽһɫԽѿ
ţ˶ˡһϼ߹ɫأѹ
ˡһɫʱɷһƬ
ҶؿҪǰ󶴴޾ȡ仰ȴõĴѣ˵ȷ֮ˣֻڡȻѾû˺ȴ
ɫԾɳرߣŭĴһɵʬȫȥ£ǺһҪֻһĪе˵ĶĿô
ǡϴӦ漴ټ֣ϵʮߡʬ塯ȫС˻ȥ
һߣڻбһ۱̧ߵʬ壬ţǵ㻹ǷһͣͣҪĬô
ЦЦĿþòһҪôǷʲôͣǷһڴʮԪƷĵӣͼҪɱԪƷδ֪Σ˵ԳɱǰͱˣǿʶĽȴ
һϯһѽ
һսĽֱֱͱ˹ȥ
ڻƤٺҲ̲סɫһ䡣תͷЦЦȴǱɭ¶Ȼһ
Щ̽ߣȫԪĵӣһ㣬۶ϡ
ѾˣȴԾܹ
Ǹ˼ٵġ
ǹʮཫʮӣȴһټ𣬾ֵǵԪƷǿߣҲ˵˴˵ʵʵڶˣЩʵ̫΢мԪ֮ˣȻ޿ܶסԪƷǿߵǳʼڶ࣬Ҫסһ֮пܵģ
ʮԪӴɱڻ졯˵ֱЦ
ڻվŲҲЩܹɱģ
ڲ࣬ΪণľΪСĵܲǻ£Ȼ߾ԪӣգѵŷҪǼƽС𣿡
һߣȻüͷӦһһѾڽݺ᣻Ŀ꣬ţţѵ㾹ҪʱΪС£Ŀɳֻ˵ǷҲҪնɱʮڵĵͱӲйͷ֮أ
С£쳤Х߼ҡ
һԵʧġ
ͱӣ
Ҷͨĵͱô
ǺԺõϣУһ𣬶ںĴֱԵģ
˿һɳ嶯˸ҽʬ
ȺԶں
ǰΪʲôأֻҪ˸ȫţԪƷǿߣһǳƱʵ˥ϣ֮ģڸʵ񲻹ƽ໹
ͷһȻ޷ƣ˿񼫾ɭȻɫھҵıš
ڻȻδ˼ʶظе˲Ǿġ
˶û뵽ǣķӦȻôĴ
˴˴ǰһĿģȻζԸӦ̤ϸ֮·⡣һĿģǡЭնɱǸҶš
ǰһĿģȻҪɺıںһĿģȴֻҪһᡣ
һ󱲵ӣŵʵΣֻҪһ㹻ˣ
ں֮УߣйҶκһһÿһνںõͬʱҲܽӵ
Ҳһʱѡ
һʼȻоȷʵǸţȴҲûж⡣
ʮԽųšţŵ˶ˣȴмܹǿ۷壿㺮պһҶĵԪ۷ǿߣҲǲԸı亮֮λƵĴ
Ȼڡ˽ǣҶСӾȻ˵£еѵòƾʹû̬ѵڡ˱Ҳǵѵߣβ׸⣬ҶҲ˶ӣŸ֪ҶƽһͻһƷͻͽ
ԪƷǰĸ²µʱ·ǿͻƵԪƷҪ۳ǵµʱ䡭
Ҳ˵Сһֻһµʱ䣬˱ʮ궼߲·
뵽СӻӵнΪڵΪ̣ڸеסˡ
ǿǺʶٸҶһʱ䣬¾ҪˣʱҪɱ֮ɾѵúˡ
һҶ𣬾ζź
Ӵ˸дһֱ֮Ƶĵλ
֮ҲǳŽᱻѹȥ
ּǾԲġ
ʱǡɾӦ鱬ǶǳᣬնɱҶȻ뺮һºζԸӦ⡭
ԣ˲ϧںļҪߣҶǲЮֵķʽҲҪָʱ䵽ָλãȻһȫɱ
ԼһɱΨ˲ܱ¶ɽ˶ȥ©
˱ΪҶţôʱ䣬ҲԲȥɵΪĵλãɱҲɱˣҶŹȻǾţˣֻһˣܻ˶ŭȴҲڻΪ֮ĺ
֮УǴƣ˵ڻоӦ˲ıڣ۴һ˵춼ᵱԼ˺Ƥ
ڻ컹ţɱҶ֮ȻЦǸͿζԸӦˡ
ʮ㣬ȴû뵽ǣ¶ķӦֱѾҵϾҪսĵز
ɭĿ⣬ͬʱоһΣĿֲɱ
һʱ䣬˾оʧصָо
ڣڳˣѾڡǳźϹ˸ɱ⣡
ҲֻҪһͽݱɲݵ֣
ڻ졢ȻԼÿڵԪƷǿߣݲνǿѰԺǺǻںɽ֮ڣֻҪ˱ɱ֮ģһԽ˸ȫ£κεĽң
ȻҲ˶˲صĴۣ
Ȼִˣٹ˼ҵ꣬ôؽ⺮ҲӭǡȻˣҵȾʹ˸Ǳǣڻ˵±ĳСɱˣҪʲô˵⳥ĳ޶±ǣ
ˣڻһıߣƺǱԩˣˣһҪ뿪


128 û
Ȼڻ쵱ˣѾĲ˺һɱ⣬ٵȥһȻǱ߻лأϾ֣Ϊ׵ԼߣƱ׵壡
㲻ߣչƷɾǱǹһ·ϣĿ罣ɭɱ˱ôˣֻ䳡滰ôôף⳥ʲô⳥ԵֵҶֵϱôྫӢӵ
չƷһˮĽڼҵĲϷļХϣһŽѾȻ֮ͣʣâ䡣
ȻչƷѾ׼Ҫʼƴˡ
󣬼ھĵȴĿޱ飬ҲһƬţƺûҪֵĴ㣬Ϥǵˣȴ֪ģ⼸϶ѾԪֻһ£Ǿͻἴʱȫ֣
κι˼ɡ
ǰǷȱģҲֻֵһѡ
˶ѣ
ڼҵ˼š
ãһǿպʲô
ǳ֣Ļôŵ˴󶥼ǿһ˵أӹɣԼҵĴӪʰļˣЦ
˸ˣһҲǵǿߣǲ䣡
أ
һ䣬֮תأƱؽ˴˴սؽսһǺȫڣǳش
˶ܿõ顣
ʮӣҵ
ΪҶһˣֵô
Ҳת˼·ֻڻһˣ켸Կ϶ԼֻڻһˣȻһּɣϼһͬԸڣֻΨһǰȴǣ֮ڣΪǰ棬սǺܾˣΨǳһҶ󣬽һͳţ
ĽǳšȻ϶Ը⣬ǺԸˣ
ҲУҲУ˿̿սսȡᣬȴһǺ
챯ߵûγ֪ҶɵϣڣǡǲֵΪǰδеţΪһûиĹٵɣ
ֻԼ£˿̿ԥҲУѾ԰νƴˡ
һţ
ļϣʮ˵
һ£˵ɣһᣬôӴʮӾͽѪɽա
ڣõĽҲûкˣ
ôֵô
ô׵
Ҳ˵ˣҲ˵սôĬţһʯ
ڵȡ
౻ᴩȻǱɵĴˣȴԾڵȣڵһãĻ᣺Ϊʲôô˶ˣͬƣҶȴû͸
һԭ
ԭ򣬾лᣬϣ
ڵȣһϢ
һϢ
ţ㻹ԥʲôչƷɳ֣¶һߴ֮Ρ
չƷŪڻһˣѾ֣ϧûĪ˵ͬʱˣһһǶ֣
첻
죬㵽Ҫ˵ʹ컰ɣڻʵ
ƾϵľ飬ԼУڻеֻ֮޷ˣȻǱ߻أԼһȴһ׵һԼҪжϳ뷨
ǲ
֮УƺһѾȫš
ȻһӰӴзӶ
죡
ڳٶˣҲٶȷġ
˿̵죬ͺһǣǰֻǴһ䴫ȷûԾɻԲѣ
ڳ˿
ֻǣԾһƬ£ˣѪ𣬱ˣڻ죬һݴۣν⳥ֲģҪǵñĻǧҪ˲źã
һ˵ʣڻ췴һ֪Ȼô˵ˣۿκȴڽ˽Լɱڴ˵صͷ
һʱĶ̶̵ȴõһţ۷֣ȴоԼڹŹ˺üȦ
Ȫ·ȥַ
죬ô磬ôɱɻʲôҪôڻЦһ
ȻڻĿں࣬ʵ򲻹Ӳѣ
쵭Ŀڻ죬Ȼ֮£ǻҶôһ£ͲҪٵ˱˻ҪˣӲҪҡľ˺Ȼ޷Ц󣬵ȴעǲţ
ڻȻԾɫһ䣬עĿ죬Ŀ˸һʱ侹óȻڡ
ɫһѰĺΣĵˡ


129 ¶
ôѣ˶֪һ죬ǴɱѶʱٴ̼ĻŪɳ׾
ĿѾɣûҪս
һԣ㺮ձ𣬵ҲƱؽĴۣҪǣ˻ҪЯһͬξȪ
Ͷ࣬ߣڻһŭı飬һӣתߡ
ɫǵıӰ¶
ߣ
չƷɳ˻˻죬ѣţ
ͦ·ϣסڻ˸˵ȥ·һ٣ͨ졣
˵ߣҧ˵
չƷصĴضڻ죬ڻˡ
ȴǾǿزŲŲ
ϴ۾һֻץһƣĳռ䣻һֻ֣ȴҲȻĵ˽
ֻҪչƷͲסˣνϣֵܲ磬Ĵսһ

ڻ˼ȻߵչƷǰĿչƷɣչƷɣֻõԪƷ֮ڵΧҶЦۣ֮Ī˵ǱκһܵеùôΪ֣Σ
չƷɺٺЦչƷ˱֮ˣȻȻ߰ɡ
ȻЦת΢Цţô׵ÿһ˵ңɱ㣬Ի졣Խһ
̧ͷڻ죺ҪסչƷȻĶ֣ɱ㣬ԸԪƷ֮µġȴⲻǰɣ
һв
ɱ㣬֮УҵĶȥˣɱ˭ɱ˭
ڻ۾չƷɰΣĵ˵ͷãܺã
ȥ
ȻͬЦһǱңңһ֣䵭˵ǣ
ɫľȻĮңŰ˸ʧ֮Сһ
ֻǣһ˵Ӱʧһ˵Ӵ֮󣬺ֻǺ󣡡
仰㺬嵱ɽ
ȻӶȻһ٣ţҪǵ˵ĻԳ磬ݻ٣
˵Ťͷߡ
Ȼǵã˵Ļ
ŨУӰѾʧ
ȴԾɾôվңű˶Ӱʧĵط
ţȻ֦ͬڣٲˣ
ǷѾĻֶΣҲҪɱǺδϣģֶܲεĴѹǣѣҪҲա
ӽ쿪ʼҲܱ֤֡δõ
һ죬ᱻȫɱ͵͵һҪһԼ·һɣҲҪԼ·
ʼջҪԼɣҲҪԼŬάϵ
һһ˼ԽȥԽĿԽ
һͨȻʡ
ߡ
ɵмŵһҲĿⷢ
ǵģ˽ľʵ̫Ӣˡ
Ӧöˣ
ЩǳŵHҲܹˣ
Ҷֽˣתͷʵ
δ䣬ͻȻоը죬Ҳһѿһһ㣬Ӱǰһɽ鱩һķŭ
أ
״׽ţĿͬҪ˶һ㡣
Щ˵أƯһƽյȻĴһƬ涼ŭһ¡
Цˡ
֮ôʹڻ뿪Ǻ״ͻȻ϶ּԸ񣬿ĻὫڻȰ˸ֱӸɵ
Ԫѻظƽ״̬֮ʱ޿ܷŶԷȫˣ
ɾĴˡ
ֻҪҶͲҪͬھһ
ˣӰѣҪһ̵ɱôˣôˣߵģ
ͷֻʱ£ǵ潫ȫ£Ʊؽ˵ĺʵǲ롭ţӵ¡
˶
״طŭĿŵǵɱˣûй˼ɹʲôǼȻ˼ɣǻҪ˼ʲôǼſڶҷԺγȥе£
ˣʲôʱô˰ˣӰ˶ѾͷʺˣȻ˹ˣô˰ʲôţʹؼұȥɣ
ͷһһ˰̧ͷ
ʹ࣬ͷһҲҿԡ
ڻСӾȻɱҵͽܣ״رף׷ȥɱ˸ӣ
һæû
ϼȥĽŲɲǼͣסûҶأأ
֮⣬Ա


130 ֮
ҶѾЩϰ£ΨҶھѾˣϾԼݷŵ뿪ԭҶûʵ㣣Ʊزưոݡǿɾֱˣ

״˶ǳһ
ȻôĶӣ
ȥ
ﻹ죬תͷˢһˡ
ǳʱֻ˵ڻһᣬɱ˼ˣȻҶҲΪˡ
ʱļǸҲֻΪҶˣû֮Σ
һϢ
֪Ҷ඼ˣ˿ûˣҲͱ˶һѡѾȥ׷ɱڻȥˡ
һ˵ҶȴֱӾͻˡ
֪̾Ҷڵ״ݣ
ʲôط֮֮ء
Ҳĵط
Ϊ˹֪˶Ŭ粻ǵ˶Υĵȱ£ֵڲֻһƷѡ
ȻڵֻһƷвܷӳԤеãмֺشãһþǡһ˾ˣֻҪȥʱ䲻Ǻ֮֮ܳУҲɢ
಻Ŷʧ
˵ҶȴҲζšȻΣʱһغ
мڴˣβﻹ˵׷ɱڻ죬Ͻȥӱͽܵ״̬Ҫ

ҶЦڱһĶ֮˲ʱˣԼڽˣһΣıˣ
ֻоԼһ̣嶸ȻһᣬƺƮƮƮȫȻûаת֮ʣôվڰ¿һһ
Լ
ؿڣλãһǰͨĴ󶴣
ƣҶЦԼ˲ʱóһۣɡ
Լ·ôڵԼôԼԼأ
ҶЦҲԻش˱˵ԼѾˣ壡
ΪԼ޾ռԵʣ껹δʱɢ
ֻضǣʱûɢٹƬ̣ԼҲǻɢġ
һ̣ҶЦ׵ˣһ£ˣֻҪ˸ʱԾҪ
һ
ڴ֮ǰԼһֱΪȻԼٻһεĻᣬȻд˼ôԼͲȥ
ҲǶ
ȻγһкܶʱҶЦܹظо̶ܴȵӰԼΪðԼøӴ󵨡
ӵûй˼ɣ޼ɵΪ
գԼһ򣬶ɱֵĺΧбɱ֣㶴ϤԣдѰ֣ȷԼһ£İжأ
ʱֻҪһƫֻҪЩɱһçײ嶯һģͿԱƳԼľЩɱΪһľȥˣ֮ŵַѣԼôӦ
֮ƵΣԼϺ½ϵµһˣ죬ԼԵΪ̣һƵ˲죬սɻԻͣҪСһ㣬һߣҪдľҪԼˣ
ȻȻķͬǻͷյĽȴģѲֹջں
һδεľÿһζԼʤض飬ԼǸͷ˵ģˣ
ڣҶЦףԼȻˣشʵ̫ˣ
ҲǺɽ֮ڣͽķ£ӾԷ£
ҲΪµİȣãнټʱشȴ
ҸҸǸǳ˵Σ쿪
һΣǻܽҲһӽԽбʡ
Ϊ˵ĵطнδΣ
ϽȻɣøɸɾкԹ
ôѰ
ûˣү˽ӡ
үҲὫеĸԵȫһ˵ϣ
ӲԶע㡣
ֻǣԼСģ½Ļ𣿣
ҶЦʶس̾˿
һ̣ȻȻҲˣԼûлȥ
õ̧Լġʬ塯һ̣ҶЦͻȻоһ־޴Կ֮ܵעԼԪ֮ϣ
ҶЦܵҪȻͻ̫ǿˣҶЦһѡѡ񣬽޾ռ䣡
޾ռ죬άԼԪȫһ·չŽ֮ʱ뵽ʬ꣬ҶЦȻûеԪΪ಻ԭЦ֮ʱǿ󣬵ʬĹֶȴ׵ģԼԪȻԶϳȹֻ̣Ҫܹҵʵ壬֮գ
ҶЦת֮䣬մȴֹס뷨ΪȻ֣Ǿ޴֮ԴͷԼġʬ塱


131 
ԼŶԣΪԼϣڷһҫ۵ĺ⣬ɢݳ޴֮ͼԼһε˻ȥ
ҶЦԪתжϣûڵһʱ޾ռ䣬ҶЦԪ걾ȫ޿ǹȻ֮ܣȻƬ֮С
תжϵÿ죬ø죬ҶЦͻֱָָ֪ȷʵָ˿ȫĿȨ
ΪҶЦȻоһʹľʹ
ʹ
̫ʹˣ
ֱܸɵľʹ
ȻʹǾʹ˹ҶЦʼһ˲ʹ֮֮ȴȫȫȫȫĻ裡
ҡֻˣ
ûûȥֻҪûȥȻʹһΣ
ֻҶЦо˼ǣԼˣôܻˣ
оǣ⣬ô£ζʲôأ
漴ҶЦȻ֣ԼȫÿһطӿһůȻ֮£ȴȻĪޱߡ
Ǻ⡣
ڣһƬ⣬ȻԷ޸Լ壬ң಻شԼ֮
ʲô
ҶЦ˼֮ʣͻȻԺðһԶǰĻ档
һ绪ŮӣվԼǰԼ˵žת컯ͱ㣬ΪĲ
ŵɱһ֮УȻȹ˴򡭡
ҶЦȻ׹Եɡ
⾹ǡλǿףǿԹ㣬ǿ󵽳ԼⷶĹװˣҲСѾͷҹµʦⳬߣ͸Լһžת컯ˡ
λ䣡
ҶЦоǹɺ⣬ڲϵԼ޸Ѿѵࡣ
һְ컯ӵܡ
ȻԼ״ǻ
ֻǴ˿ҶЦȴ֪ԪȻѾ壬¸״̬ʵ廹Ȼ֮Уᣬ״صˣߡ

״߲һ˾ͼʱסˡ
乶¡
ֹ״أзӰƯϣͬݺᣬ
ϵʶһۿͽǰǾ޴͸˿ڣ˲ʱжϳҶЦ˿̵״
ƣﻹлأһϢд棬ʲô壿
λ˼ͬʱ
ԼһˣһӣҲĵӣôûˣ
Ҫȥɱڻ죡״ת壬転
ʦ壡
رסʦżûȷأ
ƨͬʱƿڴ˻ܲôĺͿ˰ɣҲһҪܹ˵ǵĻǵͽܲܰϸƽ̳ţҲҪɱڻ칷յİ࣡
أرס״أʦʦ塭ǧ԰꣬ȻҲ֪ڵΣһϸһûȻûУȴѾЧãܸ֪ǲ˷ЧģȻЧܣǾǳûû͸
обס״ؾһɽʱضȥһֻԼᱻը÷ǡɢ
˼ȴǾԲҡǲֵģ
һ֣״سȥɴŷӰƯҲųȥͷһͬͬ˵ġ
ڵ״ǣλ²ˣҲǲٻȥ־һȥˣڻҪȻںǳƱѪ
ȴҲζź˶̫ϳϣҲɣ
ֵļ˷ˣʱӣ
ѿǵֲϳ֣֮ǰͳˣ
Ҫ𣬾Ҫս챯ȴ޿κεĴһǺܵ׼źóɡ
ڴ֮ǰ׼෴ԷȻðô󲻻䣬ȻԤδظֱӶ֣ҲǷɵ׼ʤʵ̫΢ˡʦ塭켸£ؼǣû
ƨƨ״ŭҲԵıСˡ
׼ġ
ʵȷȷʵʵĴˣȷǺ׼
ȷģ
ȣ˭뵽ɾȻ
ôĿŵ
ȻںǳһİԵǣȴҲû뵽ǰԵŵȵزһеһжҪһģ
Ҫսȫû׼
ڣ֮ǰڻ˵ĶҲǴӽſʼķٴ롣
ѹȣ£Ҳȷʵ˸˵ʱˡ״ȫǷŭ̫ǰ;δֱ޿̣ϼһһʱˣͺúõˣ
˵ţŤͷעĿҶЦǱߣ߹ȥСĵ̽̽ҶЦıϢԾǺȫޡȻȴȻ֣΢Ȼü仺ÿһһ£ȷʵ
ףôأ״Ҳˡ
౻ݻٴˣȻ޴˵𡭡ȴǴӺ˵𣿴ӺζƯͷǴ󲻵⡣
г˵ˣܹЧã֤Ϣڣ˵Űɣһķû˵ȴλءӰ۾һ˼顣

ͻȻ䣬һֱעҶЦƯͻȻޱȵĴһ
ĸͬʱעĿ֮£ڵϵҶϣͻȻ䷺ĺ⡣
ĸ˵ʱ۾ֱˡ
ɺȫ췺һһλû۹ȥ
ĸ˲Լͬصɴ۾ͷͬʱͬʡ
ʲô
ô£


132 ֤漣
ĿĹע֮£ԴѾλؿλãţͬʱļ֤ѾѡݻٴķȻġָ
ĿһĻĸ˶ʱͬʱˣ
ֻĸ˿ɽˣ˼Ϻͼӻ֪ôطȴҲΨڷ֮²ܹ֮⣬˸֪Լʲôġ
ֻǣںƹʴ˵УŵһԴ漣ĵط
ڣĸͬʱоԼڼ֤һ漣ĵ
ķݻٴˣ
Ȼܸ
ķһڽһķģĺⷢ컯ܡ컯вȱĸ˶оԼ۾ֱҪĳۿˣ
ҲУ
Ȼ£
ǲΰɣ
ҼȻĸĿɿڴĿƿѻȸעһĻĳУֻоͷоһƬհס
˼еĴ桢˵ʡƹʣഫС˵òƶȫ޷
ĸ˵ע֮£ֻҶϵ޸˴ԼķʱͻȻһ£漴Ȼʧˡ
ŵؿţҲҴӲ˿
ѵôûˣ
ʲôǾȲ˰ɣ
ôʱȴҶϣٶȺ׵ֿʼһð⡭
һֵĺ⣬ǰһĸйȫͬλþ£ֻһĺڻָķҵʱһεĹʧˡ
ԵƬ̣ȴһð˳
˶ǰ仯Ȼ֪⵽ô¡
˲ҶЦֱ֪仯ʼĩԵɣҶЦˣȻ֪ԵȴҲ֪ת컯Ȼԡ
λľת컯ͬλ˵ܹȷ֮֮а˴
ֻǣת컯Ȼоת֮˼壬ӦܹȾŴΣÿһΣܷӳĴ컯֮ʵ
Ʒ񵤣λУȴվǲĸҶЦá
ԣλǴθҶЦõʵǴһľת컯
絤Ʒи¡Ʒλ֮ϵĳƷת컯Ȼȷʵӵиת컹Ĵ컯֮Դһľת컯ȻԾ쳣ֻ˵ʱܹ˴ζѣһȫָ֣
ȻЧ˶ԣѾǼδδŵƷˣ͵鵤ƷԣƷת컯㲻ϣǿǴһѡ
͵ǰԣҶЦɣΪ˾ת컯ŵƵĻ֣ȴܽҲȻҶЦķٵʵ̫ˣȻǾת컯˸ԭ֮ܣδңڵ޾ռ䲻ṩʹǱصľת컯ҩϵز಻컯֮ĳĻֺ档
Ӧô˵û޾ռ䣬û񹦣ûоת컯֮ǷȱκһҶЦαǱˣ
ҶЦǺ֮£սһת컯ҩð˴컯֮ӷ֮ǿҶЦ˹
ĺǿͬĺܽңҶЦ֮ǰܹ൱̶ȵĴˣת컯һЧĻôһᵼλ̵ĲȫҶЦԾҪ
ǿҲãҲգҶЦˣ
ֻһΣȴҲǽλ͵ľת컯컯֮ȫø⣡
ͬڿ񻰡񼣡桢˵ǰչ֣סһֱҫ˰˴Ρ
Ǻһҫ֮󣬱㿪ʼ޸ҶЦḶ֮́һڶΣ޸һ룻Σ޸߳ɣĴΣ޸ųɣΣķ޸˵Σ֮Чʼתؿں󱳵͸˴ǰغ󱳵˿ͬʱߴΣ˶˿£˰˷֡
˵ڰ˴Σһҫ֮ĸĿɿڴע֮£Ҷؿڵ˴Ȼȫϣֻһۺɫĺۼʾˡܹˣ
ԲŰͽȻȬϽչԼ飬һ֮󣬸Ǵϲĳ˵Ŀ֮ǰ΢ԽԽϢ׳ѷˣֱ˯һͣòҲ˺Ρ
ֻҪһϹӣܿóҶûˣ
ˣ
û
һ漣
״ؼûƴһĶţƤӾҵĲһƬͨ죬֣ģġĵõõõõõõá
ȻǼùһ˵ˡ


133 õı
϶λƯͷӰķӦҲòȥһ˫۾ͨ죬»֮ҹɹһûӡ
ʶһĭСģ߽һ˵⡭⵽ô£
ң˭ȥ״غݺݷۡ
ʦ壬ʦֶ׵£ҲҪ˭˵
״Ȼ֮࣬߳ŭ˵С밤᲻ɣֱ˵ʦһȫ㣬α˵ôתӣ
عʶȤĲ˵ˡ
޸ҪٵĸǺ֣ȴ޴ӽ󣬲֪⵽ôһ¡
ѲɡҶʵתֳе˼ϸ޵̣컯棿۾˰죬뵽һ͵ĽͣҲܵĿܣ˵仰ʱ򣬾̲סĴһ¡
漴͵صԲ۾ȻǱԼ²ˣ
ת
ⲻǲܰ
״غͷӰƯҲӾҵĲ˲ѣ˴㿴ңҿ㣬û˵
ٶȱ˴˶һۣʶԡ
һҶû飬һҪȫܣ״˵֪ڲҲҪܵСϢ档
ϮĸԭžΪĿ̫ԲŻᱻְ㣬ҲΪˣڻȻһγ֣ȴѵҰĿԡ
ǵģ˶֪Ѿˣ
Ҳʱ˹
η
֪ҶûģֻĸˣϢҵ𣬲й¶
һܱ޿й¶ȥ
һҶͲ֮ˡ
Ȼ컯ѲˣƱػΪǺƣ
Ϊȷİȫ¶ҶˣҲΪˣǺǳų׾ѡ
Ѷû⣬ҶҪȥηأԴ˱ʾԺ
ǵ߽״ؾȵ죺СӥˣȻҪ֮ͳȥɣΨоöˣŻӲΪ㣬Ȼף
⡭ھͳȥ᲻̫ЩЩģڣڲڻ컹ɱ֣ǳȥˡ
ⵣĵȴǶˡ״طŰ˵һǵ֪Ҷˣͷȥõĵķǵı˵оӦ֮ԿţҶ˽ϣݣ˭֪ҶǾӦţҶ᲻ȫ
һ㣬ҲҪһ㡭Ư˵һ˵ľţƽж˼ϡЩߣһûһοɸʱ֮֮ڣ·ûļˡ
ͷλΪȻʦ˵Ķԣҵ߽֮ʱȻϣ緢
ϵ˵۾һ
λˣҲ̫Լˣ㻹Գ緢ʲô˲õû
ֻǣδȻǺ£Ȼ˹ķʽȴô£תȥĵĻ£ʦ壬ܹҵԴôɡ
״һֿɵһ죬һӱӵĿ˵죬ûɣ滳ʦôѡ̳֮λҪû۵ûû뵽ǣȻһûУ
ڨڨЦЦ
һ·Ҷϣ϶ԭġӰһ˵ȼȴֻҶһ֮Եǿ󲻵õģǿսֻǻɣԱУͽ޹
ߣҲδⷬʵԵ
һ˵ǳԼ֪ⷬʵó֮ܣܲαȻԶԶƬ֮ϣ֪Ȼ޿֮Ȼ֪棿
ڣֶпܸƣûв͸ǽֻҪϢһй¶ôͻΪʸ֮ģϷԶԣֻҪֶοԸƣô֮ʢڼ̵ʱһʷʣеӣӾԲκܹȥ
״̾˿Ȼλߴţǡһ˶һǵģҪǱ֪ˣӵͨ컯ܣ˵ܴô


134 Ǹ˵
֪⺮֮Ужǲڼ飿жٴ£ȫȻ֪ģƯ졣
ʹ˴αʶԣгôһ漣Ѿǽ֮ңӽ֮κ˺Ҷ˺˵ͽܣϷ˲ĵˣ۶Է˭ϷȶݣԷ䷨Ҳ⣡
״⼸仰˵ɫ
챾׼˵ǣ뷽跨˵ϣȴһ̳׵̥УֻΨΨŵŵϽӦ
ûѾҶıϧ䷨ΪеĲˣѾ߲ΣԼҲӦֻԥһ㣬ͷ͸ԼŻˡ
ɱʱڵϵҶЦغһ漴۾벻һξȻû첻ҡ
һס
ƣһﾹһֱиоģ
СӣоôﲻԾô״ظϽǰһĵʵ
оãӦûʲôˡҶЦҡҡͷʶصͷ˿Լؿڵǵĺۼȴ񣬰
ͽܣ⡭ô£Ưڻ̲סʵ
컯ŪˣһѾҶЦ𵱳λǷǿƣͨ쳹ءԼ֪ĺΪ̾˿껹ں½֮ʱҵδ츳塢֮쳾һλ߲֪Ϊͽܡ
δ޸ƣͱĶǲԸģλԵһ֮־һ٣ԼҪδ֮£ܾܣҴ±ǧزĴԵҲԸʧλУպΪгɣٻ֮գ
ʱλߴδ޵ʱ򣬸ҷһŵҩ˵ת컯ܹһ֮У˴򡭡ҶЦЩ廳˵һεļǿЧˡ
塢֮ת컯
״ص˾ǵһ
ĸȻִ֪ʲôһͺܸߴϣɵȻ𾴡
ҶЦ壬츳λܶϣ˼ҵ۽øߵεȷϣͿ֪ˣ
£ҶЦѡʵʵ˵ԾʵȴҶЦΪеȫʵʵ˵⺮Ҳû֪Щ¡෴֪ĻܰԼȴҶЦԸ֮¡
֮˵˷Ӧ߶ϵ˵ļҲȫ˽ġ
һδ֪
ҶЦвЩʧ
ԭΪλϽ糬ܣִмţôҲһЩĻϢ磬ǰ죬䴫Уż飬͸¶һЩϢʲôġ
ԼǰΪһɢޣʲô֪ǣ纮ֳţӦ֪һЩʲôɣ
ڿȻԼˡ
ֻ˵λڵĸ߶ʵ̫ˣɽֹ
֮ҶɶҲ֪
Լ֪ö࡭
ҶЦ˵ġ쳾졯飬ʲô壬֮ʲôת컯˴˲Щɵľ𺳻ûüɢ
ԭˡ
ԭֻ֪Ǹδ֪ĸ磬졣
ֱӳ֮Ϊ硯ڲ֪ȫԭǽ쳾졯
ֻߴϡ
ͦϵĴ˵еľ򣬰
ԭδޡ쳾ΪˡһоҶҲĸߴˡ
СӾȻһţ
δţ
ֱǵﱤ˰
û˵λߣں쳾ǸʲôλأĿȡ˵쳾죬νһңɼģ֮е硣
ζҪȥȴûгɹֱɺ½ҪѣϾֳɹĸǰߡòȫûгɹߣ
治֪ҶЦҡҡͷ
ں쳾죬ҶЦȻڣ׹ӡŮаӣֻǺ˶Ժ쳾ȫȻ֪ԼȻǸ࣬Ҳ棬ԾͲ˷ѿˣ
״쳾졭쳾졭
Ŀɣ֪˼ʲô
ˣʲôطôˣȻѾѾ漣һȬҶЦȻȻؿʼΪĴ
ղȻԼƻָûʲôãڵԼȴģ棬ʱоˬоҾ񻹸ܡ
컹ں쳾֮С
ҶЦĿⲻһ¡
һ˲䣬ҶЦȻȻԼЩ
꣡


135 
ҵĸоְҶЦһ˵񡭡Ϊúܿ죬ҵ꣬ȻһȸԾĸо˳Ĵ
϶Ǵĸоܶԡ֮еĵһصأ
ţҶЦԭˣ˹޽֮ʱǺܻһɡ
ҶЦ仰ʵѾһ̶ϱ¶Ŀġ
Ҫ˽
ҶǺһţδǰ;οŸոһΣĸڻûͣ
к쳾һԨԴ𺳡
˸ûжʲôһȫɿԼˣܶʲô
ˣȻҲҪʲô
̾˿ȷǻңҪ̫࡭ǣܿϧ´ӽտʼҪˡ
ҶЦ󾪵ôõĵطؾҪϣΪղžң̫Դô
ֹֻ̾˿
״Щε̾˿С֪ʲôֻܻΪԼĸԵ㷢ӵ΢΢֮˵ҪϣŹͬһܶ˿̱Ѿ˳ˣԼȻеޡ
û˵꣬Ҳһ㳤̾˿
ҶЦͻȻоԼƺץסˡӴˡһǰԼ⣬ͬʱҲǡԼ޵ģһߣ
״ؾȻһ֡²סļƽ£ҶЦôܷŹ
ֳһʵܵĶѵлʲôĻô
Ļ״Щʹֹ࣬̾Ļ棬СʮڵѪᡭ׹ǡ
Ӣۺܡ棬̡
״ҡͷУԪƷ֣䶯ҲƻˣǵɨġЦҶЦ
ҶЦжȻһ¡
Ȼ

ǰЩ޼ɵɥĲĵ£ĿľȻֻΪ
źҪˣҶЦԾĺ档
϶ǺҪ״ȻĵͷϷˣոպˣոշ֪ЦǺεȵ£򡭡
ҶЦɫתΪ㯵ĵͷʵšλЦ˭ĸŵĸߵܣƣ
״ַòƺеͷ۵ӡ
ȻͷǸоԽԽԶԼԽƫǽЩȫ͵ˣûһʱ䶼С
ԼͽʵЩеҪ֪ƹʣȴֲòʱͻʱ£ԼλҲ˵飬佭ȣˣȴβ˵
£˵״صϸϸ˵
ʦʦ˵ЩƹʣҾͲڴ˴ˣ˲ҵȳȥĽȳȥһˣڵˣ仹ҪýѶϢȥ˽յıʡ
״غһ˵ЩȻҪڻǺɱ䣬ǲܸһ⽻º˾ܸ£һܸ˰ȫеţ⣿šҲˣӴ˺˳СôȥδӣδչԼڽʲôĿ֣¡ҪȷĿꣻЩҪִ顣
Ҷһ䣬ʮҪʱٻأϽĽȷƯ˵ûлͷ󾿾ǴӴ˳ȥǽ˻𣬾Ϳ˵ˡ
ɲǼֻоϵɽɫ쳣֣شӦһ䣬صĳȥˡ
漴ټҪԱ
Զ׼ſ϶ǿȥˡ
Ҳ̾˿ҶЦм̴档
ȻԷһԵҪĿ꣬ΨһĿ꣬ԼǰͽܣӦҪšҿͽԼϽҩıɱˡ
ôϾжԪҪ޿
ֻҪһ뵽ķص㾭ڷɭϵĺɽ֮ڣɱʩӰ㣬ջҪ֮˰Ȼȥ״˾һܻŭ
˰죬ͽܽ顣
ŹഫһܣҪɿһǡﵽʮӵĹģ˲ſԸޣ꣡
ľӪҲҪǧǰǿ̤򶥼֮СӴ˺˲ű¼˵ҲԽԽ࣬ǰҺӣﵽ˶ʮĹģʱſνͬ졣
һͬӳһʽ꣬ŵ֪ôʦµźĴУҪƾžŻأϲٻʦ꣬ػ˼䴫Ӵ޵У򣡡
һڣʦ٣ǻ۽̵ӣȻ°빦ڶܻ֮ռ˼ԸۻԪܣֻҪɣͿԸһôǡУۻƣеԪƷϵӣÿ˳ȡһ˿һƣ
ƵǣǸ߽׵治䣬еĻƱἴʱ飬Ĵһƻɽ֮γһ飻ԴΪת˼䣬ʶͷнǧڳˣ֮ѰԪԪ֮򱶡
˷˷߽׵䣬һεĻᣡ⣬һ⣬߽׵ԪȴԾٽһ·ѡɢһΪͬʹԪһתͶ̥һת֮츳ףҪ޻ǰʵ಻£һҲǲɣʵ컯
ҶЦֻͷƤ顣
ԭŵĿģȻ


136 쵶
һԪľƷǿߣżתֱӴӳʼͿʼ
ֻ±ԼΪ˶Ҫ
ʱգԺ£ŵ£˿ƺ⣿
״ԡˣ
ܹļҶЦɴ۾ʵ
ֻأô£Ȼǲܵļת״صһֻۣ˵һ˿ǣعԭǽѡٶȱȱ˸쵹ģһȻܽǰһļֱӷӳתߵϣǰеıܷӦȴڵģ
ʦղᵽһ鲢ܽǰһļֱӷӳתߵϣȻǲֱӣлΣбĿķţҶЦ׷ʵ
ӰƬ̣ŵҪûǰļ䣬ȻܣȴôΪҪûǰļ䣬Ҫֻ֮תߵļӡֻһ㣬Ҫĵ֮ڣһƾǣûؼתߣҪӵеԪƷϵΪܸɵ֮ͻֻطӡĳ
յǰļ䣬ÿһϿ˿ȱ©
ңûǰļȴδǺ£Ͼһˣת֮ΪǰΪǲ֮ܽͳϣɣķ룬ֻһ֮ȴ֮ٶǰһ֮ţתޣʮԪƷ۷壬Ϊ俪ǰ䣬Ĺ̵Ҳ˳ɹȡǰ䣬λȴʹ˱һˣʱǰʱ˴ǣΪӴֹǰ޴תûǰ뷨
ҶЦ˿ԭˡ
תȻףȴȻܸԼľͬնԼļҲȫһ£ͬ飬;ȴģ
ΪĹϳռһоžŻأ£һֱܽУȻǿȡֶΣֶΪʲôʵԿ⣬˵˳
ǣϵɽǰռɽȡʱȴһ֣쵶Ϊ⣬˺⣡
״ػ˵ţʹ
ҶЦȻ۾
쵶
ֵܣڻ˵
ʱŲ֪ɽҪռɽǲشսҲλΪ˸ĵֻҪóɽڸΪ֮νźò֡
ᵶЦ֮࣬˵ĳɽ֮꣬ɥ֮Ȯ
ˣ˫˵ֻƾȭͷ˵˫һսһһ쵶ܾŴ˴ǰɽеԪ֣飬ȴδв˱֮ϣȭͷ󱾾ǵսʤսŰܵɣ
ҶЦգ׷ʵŶɽڱصãزʹưոݣȻ˵ãǿߣֻҲҪϰܣóɽʦ֮ԣƺΣ
бˣ˵ģɽڱص֮أ˰̣жԷ棬ѡԵʱȸս֮˵ȵʵʱٸһۣµɺƽճȴΪһˣһ˵Ļ쵰±òʰӰ̾Ϣ
һ˵Ļ쵰ôأҶЦٶ׷ʵ
ȻŶǰսռţҪսʤԲҪһۣǳŵһ˼һȻɽٳһӵĽֵܷ򸾶ͬ򸾶˵ĶӣͼԴ˱ͷһգӰ˵˴̾Ϣһ˵ȥ
һߵƯӿڵ¾£αظηԣһգԭΪֵһҵİΣѾ׼ͷǸ쵰ȴǵôߣһڵвԷһĽֵǸ֮ԣƴɣʹʯ֮УϧʵߣȻǸˣȴ䣬ǻܴ֮࣬߳ŭԴ󷢣ֵܵӡһС
̼ŭ޾һһսŴ˴γһʮλԪϤնɱ˵׷ɱǧһһȫɱǸʼٸߣԼٵУ
һսս򣡡


137 £
ˣŲ֪ʵ˹
֮˵żǼҼҿɥ˫ת֮࣬಻һ;֮£ų֣Χɽ
ʱŵҲ֪Լ֧ﴫƽֿѣЦҶЦٻҶЦǰ
ᵶ޵УЦЦӢۣ˾ľۣžޣһγ֮ƣôǳܹ˴ܣҲƱؽĲشۣһɵȴڣֻҪЦɽôЦҶЦĺ֪ıӦ϶Ҳ֮
λĺ֮һʵ֮ǿκʵĿ浽Ǹʱֻ¾ͻݱսҪȥǸ׶ΣôʤˣֻҲûô۷룬ʵ𣬾кã
ҡ治֪ʱ˵һǲңЦʱȥ޾Ҫ޾ȻǵԪ۷ǿߣҲҪһʱġ
ȳʮλԪƷ֣Χɽ쵶սҹˣʮ£
ʱ;ƿݵľ֮Ȼһעǡ𡣡
գռɽȡ˴ɽ֮»ԶԶûнΪЦѾ޾ҹ̸ϻˡ
ź쵶ȻеЦɷ˵ֱչŵս
Ÿ˶֪ڹռɽ֮ǰǿռݵһ룬ȻЦʦĹ硭ʱΪһݣǽ뷽Բǧˣͳͳնɱˡ
Ц޾ϻأõϢ״ƷȫȻûκԥֱӶſսһ·޾ɱ˻ֱɱɽɽפŵնɱһɶȻȥ룬פ˾նɱ
֮ЦߵɱֻҪˣЦֻ·һ
һѪȸžٶΧˣ߰۷֣λչ˵׷ɱʱ߸µ׷ɱ
һۣٶʮԪ߽ǿߣɥҶЦţȥ˶һʮλԪ֣ջġֻһˣ
жʮΪϣҲ޷ָʮλֲмΪ޴أ˫չƷ죬һս֮УչƷɵıչıǱֱնɱһ겻ΪԴֹǰչƷˣڻûȫָֻ۷ʱڵİ˳ɡ
һս֮ңԪˣʵĳɡ˵ԴӴ֮
Ư̾һ
ҶЦĬƬ̣˵ʦ£Ҹ֪£˵ȫŵĴǲȥЩ飬λ쵶Ц֣쵶֤һУ̬ݱһ˹
״һɣлˣȣȴǹϵŵ˺δǰ;ҲǲòȻ
ʱǳóɽﻹ˺飬˹ȻвǣҲδȫԡƯ˵
ʦԴҶЦȻеλǷȱڣȻŸ˰ٱ⳥ڽУʼջǱϳɽ
ϳţΪһɥ֮Ȯ
ȳ裬ֻҪѪԵжһ޷ܵġ
Ȼǳȴ֪ľûͨľٽһ֮աҶЦ˵ƣƳɽǲսǻţҲΪħһˡԣ׷֣žλʦ׵ضֻҲǲõġ
˵Ĳ״˵仰ʱɫЩϵ˥ܣʵǡŽĿⶢɽʼһԹѾ޷⣡
Ҫ˵ȫûа취⣬ȴҲδãʦղŶȹɽ֮ʱĴǿϵĽأȭͷǵԾܣǿɽȻǿȡᣬȴδػγľ棡ҶЦǵ
ԣһʱĬȻҶЦĻеڳιɽۣ֮ʤɱ˵ѾţŶȹɽʵ㣽أ˵Ǹǳŵĵ°вɱйߵֱɥĲ˷ָ϶Ļ֮ˣԸĨɱ˵һʱ価ĬȻ


138 ֵ
˵ףǸ˽֦ɲҾ磬˫תأȴҲһ̣ŵĿص㣬˺쵶ϣյ˺쵶ԼЦ䣻ڼֵıӦĸ𡣡
Ը쵶ʧǧˣУвٵԪ֣ռеԪֵһɣԸЦһۣʧõԪ۷֣ǳɡ
ڵţѾǰˡӰ̾˿ھӦЮѹһĳޱ£ֽһƽ١
ԤӦһ¼֮ţֻҪ䳾ˡ
ƯȻ̾˿ǿƣѾ˵⣻ʵһЩ¾ҪĴźͶĬѹˣǷάϵ򶥼ʸδ֪֮
ʱҪˡ
ҶЦĬΣöûٿ˵
ɫĿƺˮһƬûκβ
УȴһƬκˡ
쵶
ֵܣ
û뵽ֱʱգ㳹˽⵱ʵһȥ
ʦžѣŻֹͣĹ𣿡ҶЦʵЩĮ
ܵġ״ȻҡҡͷţĺͼΰԸ޿ֹ
ڣȻ˳ˣǳţԲʹ˰ֵģƯֻ̾ƣֻҪϳˡ
ûǾֻú֮վ޷ٻġ״˵
ţ԰Ȼ޷֮ܣǳźγҲǷȱ˺֮ͬ޷⣡ҶЦеץס⡣
ǰ״ͬʱһ¡
ǵģǽôҲעɵġ
ۣ˴棬ǷȱκһҲǹ۵ģ
һ̣ҶЦ۾͵˸һ£ֻ»Ҫ뺮ʵԸǲǳ׵׵˳
״ص⻰ʲô˼
ӰƯͬתͷ
ҶЦأȴǿڳ˵ʲô˼ϵ˼ڻһжҸ˶ʱѱԸǰȥȴǱǿа˹ȥ
˶ǺģԼȥⲻΪ棬ΪһҪһǰȥأֻһ£߻ɺϽͣʱȴжӦͣ˵ԵʣôҲ˵ȥɣ
ԵȻЩڼ飡
һ㣬ڻڳλðյ˾ȷȷڼĴڣֻڻѡڼһնɱǽסˡ
֮Уڼ飬϶Ув֪жٴڡҶЦ٣һЩݽϸߵڼڣϾڵǩŷյʱһԪǲܴϢġ
һеһУ޲˱֮Уи߼ڼڡ
ƯӦɫˡ
һڻȻһǰģԼõģǲڼ֮̽£ֻɰΪϣҲܾڼ֮£϶֮֮Уڰڼ飬ǳŲõڼ飬Բ١
ҶЦһѣȻʱ׹ˡ
Щ߼ڼȻΪٵĺйν֮Щ˵ֻѲʲôܡ
Ǻ˳ˡֻҪЩڼٻأͿԼԼйΪǷȱͷųĺ֮󡣡
һ㣬֮ļȫЩڼϣⲻ⣬׵ķʽǡֻѾ˿ʼзţ·ӹȻ죬ʼͬͬԴ䲻ڣֻǰвһʱգɾϤķذڡ
״һ뵽ȴԽ˵˵ɫԽԳء
Ȼ˸û뵽νͬԴֵ֮䣬ǳžȻôڼ飬Ϥŵзš
Ҫ˻֮һ顣
ȻѾϵϴ˿̵Щˡ
ҶЦͷٲԡ
״Ȼ⣬ǻɵ˵µļŬȴ˭õеԸеԶȴֱѴķʽգ


139 ƽ
ҶЦðΣų˵ʵڱսᣬҲδؾʲô¡Եǰּ֮ǳֻѹһͼı죬ƱžǽڵˡҲǲӵһͬġ
ǳ֮䣬տֻܱһҶЦ侲ģ˵ֵţֻ֦ͬһЦˡ
ģôֵŵš
ںһ˳Ӵ˶ȥȾָɹĿܣʱֹϢԷ˼˼תһϣʧ֪Ǹ
Զ̾˴֮䣬ֱ˴ƺڸղŵһ˲˼ʮꡣ
ռ͵ϴĽлͣ
ҶЦԴȫȻᣬ˺ֱֹ˶ж
УĻЩǶҪġ
ԴѾͲסҪȡЩ
ҶЦֹ޾ռ佫ǿонʹ֮ɡ
Ȼɳ޾ռ֮ܣҶЦ޾ռ˳棬ֻһԳסж
ЩﲻˡĽл
ͷͷѾľ֪أ֪ĲҶЦ֮˻ȥ
ԼνǳĵĺãһģԼܹȥܹĽȻһģǳͽ֮ˡ
ԣȻҶЦҲ֪Լдãö֮֮󣬲Զ棬ҲпܹԼĿռǰһ󲽡
ҶЦûѡôֱӽ˶ȷһﲻᱳԼ֡
ɷΪΪ
ںȻãǺҪϳҶЦҲмô
ⲻظҲǽ飬Ϊһ˵֣Ϊ˵ޡ
˶ԼжôȻǵˮ֮൱ӿȪ౨˶ԼгôѪѪ
ǣɻһ£ȴǶ𱨣
һ㣬ۺʱεأʲô磬㲻
ͳ庮ЩʱնԼԼǳʲôɲȡЩҶЦʹԼأ
˵ЩϷȻת泤죬ɽζ޹ˣڿ϶ǲٴȥˡ
״ؿҶЦ֮ǰһӵиɻʧɣڿʼҶѾʧˡ
Ҳ˵Ƕ󱣻һԣǶ޷ģı״ؿҶЦҲȷ֮ǲٶŭĸԭڡ
Ȼ޻ǴڣȻʱڻ㣻㣬Ӵˡ
ҶЦˡ
ڻһжǳɹĽԼͷɱˣôϾԻǷչΪԼϧԼҲҪˡ
ڣʵԼûȴ飬ʡ
Ŀ֮£Լؿڱ϶
ʱһϢд棬̧ȥΣֻҪжˣԾȲģѾǳܾη޾֮ˣ
ѾĽɣĴҲȫ塣
ΪãǶӦߵЧãӦмߵҪֻԵԪƷϵĸֲӵбá
ҶֻԪƷСһȫȻá
սֻǿų
мڴˣڻĶȥ
ȴνǹʹ컯棬ҶЦû
αʣ˳⣬Ҳ״˵ģ
Ҳûбȡڻˡ
ҶЦٴڽϳ֣˿ҲֻΪǸľҶú񰡣
ỳɣǾҶˣ
ֻǣڻҲ뵽ԼһβɱģǸʲôˣӵʲôıʲôĵ̣ʲôδ
Ӳ뵽Ϊһжһεȿֲļһ
ʸѾȥҶЦ׵׵ؽȫתƵǳͷϣ
ޱ
ʦ˼ǡҴڿʼ뿪󡭡еҶЦʵ
Դӽ뺮ҶЦһֱȥ
ȴʼûĻᡣ
ԼĿأѾȥһ飬»ˣµˡһĸαĸ߶ȡ
ȷϾ԰ȫ֮ǰҶЦʵ㹻֮ǰǾԲҶЦȥ߽ġ
Ϊȥ͵Σգδϣģǲκηռģ
ҶЦٽᣬ޼ƿʩ
֪˵һǲң־ȻκҲ߲ķʽˣ


140 ϴ
ԭֻҪĶΪԾȫɽ֮ڣҲǾ԰ȫԼĿԣ׼ȷһУ
ǿɣѱй¶֮գϾʶ˲ڼַǶʱ֮ڿԾίʵ޷֤İȫڻܹһΣڶΣǵһΣһøףһģһҲǷǣˣת컯ܱ֮ǽ֮ңܲƵĻظɣ
ԣڶ˵ڲΣȥߣðȫ
ƯͱĶԣȻǲôʱͽųȥǣߵһȴίʵѾûõİ취
һγȥΪǧҪ֤ԵİȫԪƷʵڽߣֻҪóȻĳЩֻɰȫݡ״ش̻壬ģͲԼͳͽš
ҶЦڵͷĽ̵ܽʱֵɻ飬Ҳеݱ
᳡ֱͺǿ˹һ㡣
ڻΪ¿νͬ飻ңǹɿǰδеΣУҲȻҡ
ڣȻǾԲ׳Ļᡣ
Ȼˣ˳Ҳ˳µ飻뾡취ѹԼѣȫԼչ׳
ҵȴǣ
ΪĹʵ̫࣬ãһδϧһ£ȴûҪģǴԼ취ɣ
ǳſ͵ѧķδؾûпܴȡǵţȻ;ͬ飬򷨹ԴԴһжûУ
뷨û˵ȴҲû񶨣Ĭˡ
漴Ϣʹ˳ȥ
˳ˡ
Ϣ˲佫ˡ
еӣ˽
߲֮
ӵ쿪ʼʼ½еɿν廨ţͳͳǣΪ൱ٵĵӷ׷֮֮࣬ɽ̶֮࡭
ҶЦҲһӳɽ֮ǰǰ죬һ뿪˺š
׿ȥƣȻȻĿܼȴƺܿλվɽۣԼ֣֮Уȫе
ںؽ磬ҶЦ뿪ʱ뿪һ̣ȴĳȣ¾Ȼо޳أջᡣ
һɾΥĽͷȴҶЦǰʦ֮󣬾δܵΧ
ԭλˣȻѾռҪλô
һߡһġ
ҶЦѶȥŲμӿ죬ھһֵʱӶȻһʧӰ
Ӵ˺Ҷ֣ٲ쳾
ţֹһŵӣӵĳ֣ţȴһ֮Уڵڻɱ
һŭ˳ˡ
ֻǣۺεţӵкεεľޣһɣֻһνˣ
˵űز۵بԽܹվϾֻǾʵ̫̫еزۣǸνţǱȽϲòʵֶѣ
ֻǣ¼ȴֲһϵ䣬ΪȻǽ¼˵㡪
Ӻ¼֮ĵ쿪ʼ
ͻȻ
Щȥĺӣÿһˣβ׷١
ٶ򣬶רںӡ
׷ٹӵЩˣɱǺм֡
ǿ뿪ɽӷɢ̤ϸԵ·̣ߣºлɽЩ˱Ҳ
Щɽ֮󣬾෽١װͷ棬ǰǳŵЩˣֻҪȥĳֽߵʱ򡭡ͻ⵽ɱ
Ȼڼ飬Ǿ͸бɱľ
Ѿйй¶⣬˻ҪŹȫˣȴǾԲܣ
Ǻĵߡ
ʱɵĵӣͳͳ⵽ɱЩǵȵ˽ͷˣȻһնɱ
Ϣܴغһվɽۣ̾Ϣ
ɫ£һԵĴζ
ԪϣԪƷ֮£ȻгӣԼɸ߲նɱ
Ҳ˵һ¶Ǳڼ飬ٶˣ
һεȾ˵֣
ңߣûڴ˴ɽжб¶Ծ֮ڵļϸ֪ж٣


141 ټ
ֻҪһ֣;ëȻ
ڲϴ
ʱʹģͬʱЩܵġ
Ϊûκһ̣ܹλߴ֮һ˸оԼɵδɵϣ죡

е
ĸ֣ԸֻҪ𡰽֣Ͳ֪ж۾
һĵط
ЩδµŮУһʲôУ˴˵Ӣۺģգˮ̽衢ĵط
Уʵ̫̫Ĵ洫˵
еĸȻֻ˵ʱ򣬶о
һʼڽ֮еʱָо;ԵĲһˡ
ߵһ˷Īڶܻ裬°Ȼ죬أŮҲ޷ݼ鱣ֵ̫ã
ʲôǽ
һڸɽִ󽭴֮䣬Ƿ߽ô
ǣ
Ϊǳֻܽζѡ
߽꣬ʱʾȥ֮󣬱ԵãȻʴӡ
߽ѽڴתһת߽ˡ

ڣҶЦڡе
һ潭˲ͬǣһȷĿꡣ
ɽ
һֱڲ֪ԼֵܣѣԭǱ¡ǵǣûбȷ
Ȼ´»Լͬ죬ҶЦȻȥ
һûأ
ԼֱɣΪˣߺҲأ
һ˵ķǡµˣôҲҪҵֵΪ
ķǰıһ·Լ⣬Ҫ
ȻҶЦĵһվ
һ·ϣߵĿνΪСġ
Լǰ׷ɱʱ򣬻Ҫࡣ
ðеչƷơ
չƷǺΪ֪ҶЦû֮һϣ֮⣬ҲϸһˣΪ˽һȷϢıܣչҶЦ߽صȻļϡ
飬չƷȻǵʲã˳ľͳˡ
ҶЦǰŸߣž͸ˡ
Ȼ飬ǰǸҶǲ֪ġ
ΪˣչƷһʱǺܵ⣺СӣȥĽɣ
ֻ㲻֪˴ֻԴεȴǸһڵġ
ǸбʵĲͬ
ŲֻǹһѣչƷɾɵˡ
Ϊ׷һ֮󣬺Ȼ֣ԼȻ׷ˡ
뾡취õֶΣȻԾҲλҶӰһ˿Ҳ
ҿõĵԪƷĸ߸ְ
һԪƷ˴֮䣬Ǽǲ뷲˵ľ޴࣬Ȼܸˡ
⡭
չƷɸоԼѶҪˡ
ôأ
չƷô붼벻ףǼһɽһ·ֻǺܵƵǰߣһСôĴڼϣ£ǵɵζ
ȫ޷
ٷְٵĳ潭Ŀ
һ߳ȥ·̣һƬԿصĵطӶ˶ƺЩ򼱵ӣ漴;ͽļҴҽ·ߵһƬ֡
չƷԶԶţͬΪˣ֪ô£Ȼȥĳôۡ
һȲȻ֮еòҲûֻλȥһµҶҲûг
չƷںΣȵòӶóˣȴʲôû֣ڵ˴ʱ̲֮סȻǱȥһ
ֻһô֮£òһƬɺԵˮա
Ȼĳ˾﷽ģʱѾ̣ûˮն͸ô
Ƭˮ֮⣬и۵ĺۼˮϷǿôƤȻϴһ飬¶ײ磬߿հףֱͺһĹһ㣬ڻ谵棬Ϊۣٱˮۡ
۵滹дżѪ֣ͷȻѪѪдġ
չʦ֣ˡͿˣԺ·һҪԼߣҪڣǳڡֵܣټ
ͷûβһ仰ֱûչƷɲʹȥ
ˣ
Сԭ֪ڰбҾȻµ˱Լ
⻹ҪģҪǣ֪ԼУԼˡ
չƷɴŭʩȫΪԲǧؽɸһĲһ顣ҶṦų̣һʱʱ䣬߲ȥ롣
սͽ޹ôϸµûҵ
ȫûҶȥĺۼϵĲݵأҲȫȻûб˲̤ĺۼ
ƺҶǿ򣬸žʧˡ
أ


142 ԯޣ
չƷʶһʱѾʱ֮ϻԭأǿγ֮󣬹Ȼһ
Ȼһֽʵߵʱһ󣬲ҵʱӦѾ˺ܾðɣɣο϶׷ˡչʦ֣һĸ˵ֵܣټ
չƷӥӶ
漴ٶϸϸѱ˷
ʲôûзˡ
չƷڽİʱ䣬һѱ鷽Բǧؽ磬ԲаĳΧ
ǸҶȻĺڤڤ֪ˡ
չƷԷһӡǣҲһöû𵽡
漣һʧˡ
ʧÿν
ûκ֮µչƷɻͷػȥɸ
£϶Ҫڵһʱŵ֪ģŵ֪ôϢθҵȻҲڵһʱλʦ֪
״أӰƯĸ˱ŹעǰͷɥչƷɣ춼ûֻƬ
֮һһŭ״۵Ŀȱ
˵Ƕ޴ô״úӶڶ¡
ǵԪƷΪһֻԪƷĺСӰȻܸˡզ˵أզߣɾء
ӰһĿչƷɣһ𣺡ģʦ˭ңҸϽȥλҵʦֵȥ㣬ȻôһŵӣӲУֶΣεϷһ֣
չƷ첻µزµĻ𱬸ԣȴһҿԣһ˺ƨɣǱ˰ӵĺƨɣ
Ӻ죬ͨǺ죬֮Ǻ쵽ˣ
չƷɣ˵ԺĸɣɱչƷˣϹ֡Ư˷ۣĳ˵롮ɡ֣ʵǲʺϵģɴͽչɣȻ϶ûҲ˼ʵޣҲ޴ˣΪһ°ɡ
쿴ʦܿӣҪ˵仰Ƭ̣̾˼֮࣬˵ȴǣ£ʵҲֲչʦܡϾ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼı
ǰ˵ô
չƷƵüҪϵˡ
˵㱿˵㻹ô㻹ϽȥѰҳ䣬ɵվŸ԰Ĵô״һŭȣͦӥӸ˵һվǲǻͦͦͦ
չƷĵǱĿ޹⣬ĳ˴һɽߡ
ôģ
ҪҵҶ쵰һǵðƤɣ
Ⱳӣʹûôˣʦŵʱ򣬶ûôҡ
ƷɰԼһȥҿ϶ǲеģӲðɣһɡչƷɳּ֮ôһ䡣
ֻһ㣡
ֻһ㣬չƷɸоԼѪˡ
ڣչƷɺ·ϡ
ѾЦһ·üŪ۵ĿչƷɣٸ˵һʼĩСôŪڹ֮ģ˼ǻʵͶ򲻹ܲ˵ĺѰȥˣŵ˵ӹȻǲõΣİ
飡
չƷɶ˵һȭϣݺݵˣôʰҶʰţλʦ壬ôĻʰѾģѾģθһǸҵͲģ
չƷŤɲ
ȻᣬȴЦͣŶȥ˲ˡҲЦʹ죬ЦˣôģӺ뱲ӾָЦϻˡʵ̫ˣû뵽չƷɾȻôһ죬ұѾ޿ȻչƷṩһζҩ˰ĺˡţôչƷأʦ岻Ǵôʲôţˣչǰɣְףڲͬ˿ڣٺᣡ
չƷֱӱ쵰㻹˵ǲǣеͼ˵Ҫ˵˺òãɣʱɽ֮ǰǻҲʱľչ˭һ㡭㻹ʱֻ
ҲΪӲãӺܹãҲЦԲѡ
չƷɿ죬Щţڵģһڵģ
ұ֤
ʱգڼˣ

չƷɺ뿪ŵʱҶЦǱѾյ˷ƽԭ֮ϡ뺮ʵŲ·̡
ʵ㲻һԶľ롣չƷɺҶ˷û׼ܷġ
һǲͬġ
ҶЦڵнߵġ
չƷΪλҶʧٵķ߹ȥȴһ·Ѱȥġ
˴ԯޣܹòƲ漣񻰣
ԣҶЦ߳뺮ʱչƷȴѾ뺮ǧ￪ˡ


143 
˶˵ãң
ɽֺУнѰң
궼˵ã꽭ϣ
˵̽Ѫ֪٣
궼˵ãǺս
̤뽭ʱ֪˭Ǻ˭
˭ǽŮ˭ǹιǶ
˽˵ãԹ֪٣
ֻд棬˭֪ǺĽ
߽ɼ·߿ݹǻҰ·أмӢΣŮ
ããĪڽϣ
һ뽭ǿջЦ֪٣
ӵΣ֪μްӸĸЦ
֪൶Ų⽭쵽ϡ
ããҲòˡ
ȻǺã۷įʱҲòˡ
Ȱ֪ĪԽá
Ҳ˵ãҲ˵ãͷˡ

޾һͷɽּ䡣
Ľ
ŵ
Ϧ£ҶЦһˣһƥëϸСԣõõòխɽϡ
ӭƮƮ˿˵ݳ
뿪󡢳ӱܿչƷչʦֵ׷β֮󣬺ܸɴظһװͶں½бʽһ·ߣһ·ɽˮһ㿴羰ɽΪԼһƥҰԣ£һ·õõãŲ֡
һѹӣ꣬ңΣɽˮ䣡
һ仰ô̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ôĽˣ
˿̵ҶЦȴǹĽԼ˷ſգǿԼʲô롣
ǰĳ𣬽Ķĺޣ飻ȻһǿǶǳǺޣǣڵʵȴѾһᡣ
˵ȴҲδأʵһͿȴԶҲδܹ˳壡
ľᣬתҽ֮ԱߣѵõϾú÷һԼ顣
ߵƬɽּ䣬·߼Ѿƽصڣ·أҶЦͻȻидһ״򽭺ʮġáʶ
һӣò˵һҲܶԣΪȫֻһȵһ߻Ե֮£ſ꣬ҶЦ׼Ǹߵ£νĿ˼֮Ȼǰ
ڣͷ߰ףһɣ糾һѶ¼įԵԳ֮УһȻĹ¶
Ǹ߸Ͳ뵽ԴżֵӣȻӴڽд࣬һبš
̫ŮΣУ飬ģӢ۸ε绪ָ䣬ǿлҷ𡭡
һݺᣬٿٿȥ𡭡
ԾƵ裬ɱˣν𣬳ȥ
Ρ
ҲֻΡ
ΣΣѵģʵĺã
ֻЩµŮֵഺѪ궯䣬Ż÷ãΪϽ֮̾Ϣνʲô룿
﴿һѪȣѣɱ¾ĵط
ǽ֯и״̬йٵڣ
ڽɼǷԵƣУͬνƹ֮ӴҲĨȥ
ȻҶЦϲģ׳¼ţȴӡ
ûµʱܻԼһɽۣĹȣǷĮ뱯ҲֻЩϽõ
ÿһЩֵرͷȫµľ֪ƣ¾ƵϾƵĴ񣬱˴˽֯ζ׳ʣеΨ֪ʵ֪
ȻǺã۷įʱҲòˡҶЦ̾˿Ȼ۷壬¼ţԵļįõôӵˣǲ˽ⰡվöߣöԶ֮ûվ۷ĻᣬôȻ۷ĸܡ
õãҶЦһ·¶įǰУòƵͦŮǡСġʿˡ
ʱͻȻ˿ڹһЦãããͷˣããӢ۶ˣããٺնήˣããˣãã˽ã
ҶЦԲһ㶣˵֮ʮ㣬ңԴгһ޷޾ζȻкǿĵ˵ġ
Ҫ֪˵⼸仰ԭпûУеɵԭɣȻӦԭ֮Լ±ȥģȴһȫԭ֭ԭζоֻǸ˼˿˿ۡ赺ϡ
˵ֻֿҶЦԺ˲ʱ˵١
˶һλԲ߳ߣ׵ĺӣ
λԴ˵ͣȻ֪ˣһᣡҶЦתͷУ˵


144 
һЦһ˶ΰӰ·߳
˵ҶЦ²޶¡
˼߳һͷǰƶ߳
䣬һлÿһƤĽŲ䴦
ˣǸ첲ȣ廹ԴеĲ֣ƽҪһţ
ȻĿȴκεĲЭ˳ۡ
˾ô߶ҪʲôΪȻȻģֻҪһվйء׳䡢֮ĴʣͻȻȻԶ֮ϻۡ
ҶЦһ²Ҳб꣬ףףòͷҲҺģȴֲݣ֮
Сӣ㳪治׳һЦѵССͣȻܳóжصζ
ҶЦҲЦˣֻѧųһˣＰ̨ԼǼ䣬ӵζ̨ǶидĶдζȻϽˡ̨մ
ˣҶЦʵʵڵĲʶ֪٣Եǲɴġ
ңҽйֵ㶨Ȼ˵ҵĴɣ״ԵõһЦƺԼŵӡ
ҶЦɫе㽩Ӳ˵Сܳ뽭ڽ֪ܵޡСܵĹªš
ίʵû˵ֻǿԷһ־һġǴһ֪֪ǲӦãܣԾΡְӣҶЦʵǲĴ
ȴֲԸĨɱ˵һЩ硰׹µաԶ򡱴ĻֻתĴ𸴡
㡭㵱û˵ҵ֣һ죬ҶЦͿ
Ǳ飬ֱǿһһªţǳĹ
ûûҶЦʵʵҡͷθɴתתˣ
˵ʵȻΪˣʵ뿪ʱ䲢ûжãҲͲʱ䣬ЦȻε㲩ǿǣʼµĴɫһܹģҲǲˡˮƽ൱Ľɫ˵ףܹЦסֵģνǷëǣ֮١
񡮹֣ûҪ˵ʲôӰ졣
ղſתһ£ǶǿڴܹС֪֮УԷ׷ʣԽҶЦԴ˵Ĺ۸УȻ˵Щϲ
ҶЦĴȻʧصɴ۾ԭתһȦץͷһֲ˼˵㵱û˵ҹôû˵죿ǧҪ춼û˵ªţʦųôҲø㽲˵һЩƹʣɣ
ҶЦһȻ˼˰βŻشµĴĲ֪˵ν졯ôǵá졯һλФƵšѵҼǴˡ
һľȻҶЦһְɥҪƵ˵ǸФѾˡѾʮˡ
ҶЦͷɵĶϰߣȻ֪ƻ󣬵ʵǲܲͷ
羭ʲôټһע
ҶЦŤһǿԼ˰죬ȴǺӡֻ޿κε̯̯֣ǸȻ
˶޵ڡһ˼غȻû˵ҰȻû˵ҵĴȻ
ӣ·ֱ֪֣ǽ˲֪ߴţ֪һ˶֪µһ䷨һ㡣
ҶЦһ
ˣ㻹Ǹ˵˵˭ֻ֪˭ɣеܲ˭Ҳ֪ɣڴͷɥĵͷӸµҶЦ
ûа취飬ҶЦվֱˣҲͷ
ͷɥˣҶЦ˵ǾӸ£
ǳ˵Ȩս֮
˵֪ˡ˵һˣ䷨ƹļλ֪ߴŵŶ˭ҶЦһ޹֪бȽϹεһо١
һݣĲػ٣棬ϾЦ۹⣬£ܹеģ㣬ҲʮˣΪЩ˵ʵЦ֮ϣٲ֮£ģĵĲʸЦǵá
죬㶺Ǻǵȷûټ˼β˵أЩ۷ĳǿߣ㻹֪˭
ҶЦڿ˼˼˰˵ٱ硭һ֪չƷɣ죬֪ڵĹŽС
ҶЦԽ˵ɫԽ
ЩǸ߸ϵĴڰ


145 ɶ˼
ϽܲܲҪ˵Щη֣㻹֪˭ûͨһ㣬Ѱһģ
ҶЦ̯̯֣ûˡ
ҶЦȻ֪һԱȽͨı£˼ʵڲ֪˵ڣԾ͵֪ˣ
ꡭڳ˿һꡱĺе㳤·ߵҰҲĲ˾۾˵ڿ㣬ĸճ֪Ȼ޵úܡ
ҶЦͻһ仰һ¡
ˣ治֪ôó۵ġ
СֵܣҸ˵ҹųư죡ȷˡǰһֻǳé®ĳ磬Բ֪ҵҲ֮ʱ
֡˭˲ʶıλоɲǼ±ع顣˲ֻعҸоõĸߴϣһĳʶĿ˵߽ĵһҪ񣬾һסţסЩԼĸֻ֣˵ģҲҪμģڽΣյʱ׽ҵ˼ôඥɣ
ҶЦͷȷʵеʡ
ǺһЦ˵ӿɽ̣ӿɽ̣ôڼס𣿡
ҶЦȻΣڻǵ˵ͷסˣ׹µգһ
ǰݴʿ϶ǷܣȴﻰҶЦʣֻڽܳܳʱԼҲôΣ
ϾôƵ˲סѰ
ЦĭĽ˵һѽƹʣעȻһ٣òƲʵҪȥ
ҶЦ׳൱زˣһۿȥ˸о䡱׳ɽ롱ߴ͡ӡˣ˵ʲôҲ޷ţȻһ룡
ңһ൱֮ߵĻ롣
ҶЦ˼ĺһ䣺ܶԵүΰôһ˵˵׳壬ȴԼһʤŮ˵죡
ĺô
վûʡ
ûʣ
ΪҶЦֱеһΪԱڵԼߡ
ԼҪôóȻһʣʹˣһ¾͵ýԼʹŹȴǲΣ
֣С߽ܳʶ޵úܣһ䣬ּȻôͷΪκܸ˰ɣʲô̶أҶЦǫʵ
һ˦·һ߶Ĺһ쳣װƵĵ˵ֱճ꣬ΪЩӦ֮⣬²ֻԪƷѣǵԪһ֮ң첻ֵһᡣ
ҶЦ˿ԾƥСϣͽ·ĹȻܱҶЦ߳Դĳ֮˶ɼһߡоǣĳ·һҲҶЦ
ԪƷԪֻһ֮ңǸߵúܰҶЦ۾һֱ
ԪƷԪ֮뻹һԪ۷ôôһ֮ңءôôװأһ򲽣Ԫˣ͹ʱװô
ǺǣЦˣʵ֮ΪҸߵˣĿװƣҹСҲһ
䣡ҶЦԲԵķе
ԺǺЦڵһԵһСֵ㣬͸оͶԵ֪֮СأĺôҲûʲôƽϲύѣϲչһ¸ոճĳ磬еǺǺǡ
ҶЦͷֵǸˡ
ȴһƬȻ͸
ԹȰɪ԰ڵĴӣĸϽţװţ
ҲֻǰڰװˣȻһʵһϣܹȥˡ
˵չˡ˵ֲǼٻ黰󻰡
ȻҲǰȴҲûиطܹ˵ɪˡ
еһҪи飬齭ܹһЩǾ͸òˡ޵ҶЦĴڰȫϸкôһ£ĺ˲࣬ԣһˣҪӱϧԵ
š˵е΢֪СܽˡҶЦסЦ
һ˵ˣһҪעԼ̬ȣĪҪöԷģ˺ڼǼ׵ġȻ˵ʵĸһЩ꣬ñ˴˫ദø졣
ҶЦ֪⣬ʱᣬϽͳԪʯǵǵģ֣Ԫʯɾ⣬ǧЦɰ
ǸʲôҹʲôˣŭĿעҶЦʲô˼ΪҸ˵ЩڸҪ𣿡
磿ⲻҪʲôҪڼദøô
ԪʯҲãôô


146 ˣ
ҶЦзŰۣأ˵ʵС߽ܳԷˮĵطֻ¶ҲֶЩȴᳵ·͵ǷǮˣҵ˵طһԷǡҲǺˬˣֵܵһٷܾܲôɣ
üͷͷ⻰˵ҲǡȻˣҾˡѵֵôң治˾ô
ֿԪʯѵȵǵ֪ôֵ˭˭ҶЦŲټ󽭺һ˭ȥ
һȣȴüɫ裬ֵܷģҵģġ
ظһɴĿ
ǸٵģñģӦûеôԪʯ治˾ô˵ʣĵе
ٿԪʯĶǿеȻͶеˡ
ҶЦжϽۡ
оǣòҲ󰡡
ҪȻΪʲôģЩԪʯ׾ٵΡ
״ڰԼ˱үıˡ
ôһڵҲһ·ĵˣ

Ҫȥɽһ·֮ң·̷ǽ˵ţ²ͣץʱһ·ǰûܹס޵ĵط
˾ô̸̸˵˵һ·ȥ
òϣλڼպյġ족мӣһ·߹ȥ;˲ٵĽٷˣֻҪһԣ·С
ʵ״ñҸоõĹ־緢
ҶЦʵһ㲻ģôŵȳһӾͲңƺҲЩԾɣ
ѵ˵ɺһ˵
߳Լҵ·̣ͻȻ¡¡˷ȻƺﳱˮһӿΧ֮
٣ɫɲǼúѿǳѿ൱ѿ
ô£ҶЦüʵ
ҶЦߵĳΪ˼鷳Ϊ˶ԭûе鷳ǾͿɾ̫Υˣ
ɫٲ־Ҫ޵ĵУֻһ鷳ˡ
ҶЦǹŹֵתͷһڰղŵӢš족ķĿ˿ѾʧӰ١
¡¡ڶͻȻ侲Ψһ̳Ʈ
ǰ·ϣȻһӺڼʿ
һʿһޱ飬ĿɭȻ߿
ʹ壬·ҪԼ˶޵ҶЦȥʧϧʵ̫һ㣬ôҲᵱ汻ڱ
ԷͷΪ׵ĺڼʿԽڶɭȻĿ֧ͬעزصĹ¾Ҫһ֮ô˵飿
ԷȻϣԾɱֱͬ˵ʱһֻҲʼշĽʱ׼νʣһѪ
ҶЦĿۣ˵ˣ
˿̵ĹɫͷϿɣѺֻǳҶЦһ۾жϳߵݡ
ô˺ˣҶЦԴЩ֣СɫôܵȻ
ˣŵǿ֯ţǰҶЦҲֹ֣ޱҪǲҪϵĺá
㲻ԪƷΪ˺ˣȴܹڣ
̰ǧɣʮʮħ
ʮﲿӣװÿһʿӵԪϵΪҪϿʸΪһԱ
ֹڴˣȴԲǾӣδزսʤ
£ֻ˵µĵطȴǣÿһԱǺηʱĽɫ
Ȼ޿ƥСǿ޿ɺĵˣԾɻһӶӵǿƳ棬ԼѪ֮Ϳµİս˵Ĺֻһ˵Ҳϧ
ͬҲҪȡյʤ
ˣҵսѣҵսˣǵսѣֻҪ˻ڣ˱
Ǻ˵Ŀ֮
ԼǿЦľۣҲԸ
ʮΧ˷ԴԴѹָԽԽء
ĺһϦ³֣·ʮµͰһ㡣
֮кȼûзǵ췢ﲻǧƥսһ𣬾ȻҲûгκɧɹ淶κζе˿ʶͷƤһ飬Ƥ񡢲
ҲΪ㣬ֻҪ֪λҽȥ˺δΪ׵ĺĿޱעŹֻҪ䣬Ϳȫˣ


147 Ҳȥ
ľ֣Ĳ֪״ֵʹļףײؽеƭ˵
Ϊ׵ĺĿⲻɭȻҲ֪治֪˵һȻֻˣģµĩҲҪϣ
ͷ乶䣺ľ֣ôĲ֪ǸɱҪ֪ˣҵγҪѰҽżˣȴܹ뵽쵰Ȼ˿ˡôƨ־ߣ֪״㡭
ϣ
ٺͬʱε֣˰εȴֻһ
ҶЦ״һá֣һûʮĬ֮Ͽѵ϶ѳɣ
״ȴǻһֱӽԭҪڵĻֱŵ˻ȥ
ҶЦһ΢˼ת֮࣬ڵѵǹˣõʦΣ
Էɨһۣȴû˴𻰡
ҶЦ²شȻǳᣬΪȳͼ֮٣ǵ֮⣬Ŵ˼Ҳôö֮ĳֵ󣬹ҪʦҽΣˣж
ǲ֢֣ѾΣ
еʦ޲ߣ
ΪֺúˣֻΪ˰ͣԶԾȥѰҵʦҩʦ
ǡʱλųơҽĵʦ˹˵ֻش֮ܣǹʹŶҽȥ˺ˣ
λҽ⣬˲óȻΣĺչֻ²⣬λҽĻ̥
ǵûκڰֽţ
ĶҽȻͲˣҲѰٲ޿κ֮£ֻܽͷעǰǶҽĹϣ
Ȼ֪֪ҽĻ᲻һǲԸŹһϣͼңǲôأ
һò࣬ʵȴǸҪ˻شҶЦԼͽһԼԺ˳Դشˡ
λ֮Ϊľ֡ĺתͷҶЦĿ֮вɵ֮ɫһ
˵оͿó£ԭһ֪
ûи˵ԼҲûиἰ
Ψһֻ֪ǴԼԻֻƬѣȴܲ³ôࡣݼǿǷͬСɡ
ľ֡µʼĩλСֵܲ²ģûʲô롣
һСֵܲ²ǰ㣬״ܶҽˣȻԼ˾޶ͽһ֮ҽǵûҽ˾綾Ȼߡ
λԣνǧ˿ƵϵԼ˵ǰ޹ҽģȡ˱һʾ޶ͽ˱ʣôϣҵҽȻһж˵Ҳ˶в⣬Լ֪Ǻ
ԩ˵ľ֣ĳȻͽģ಻ҪΪ˾һͷųæһ֪ʦǶҽ⵱ǳһⰡһⰡ
λľֵɫΡȻɭȻֻΣѵû±˵Ĵͽ𣿣ڵڣΪԵʣڵ״ӵĲˣˣƣҩɽľ綾ԵϣȴΣ
Ŀ࣬ԡ
˵˲ܳΪΣѴ̡ǺĮ˵ҪɴظһȥҪҰȥ
ԾᣬĿĹ֮࣬ͻһҧҸȥǣСֵֻǳ潭֮ˣҲƼˮ꣬ʶֻҪ׬һ죬ŻԶеͷԼ뿪£ȫ޹ϵҸȥߣ
ҶЦ£Ǹˡ
λĮ˵޹ˣȻΪѣÿһͨ뿪
һ
ȵٺ˵߷ֿ¶һɿ̹;
תͷҶЦƿЦ˵ֵܣԼ߰ɣұ뻤һ·ǰȥɽڿǾҪˣսϣټ
ҶЦĶԣһ²һ£ʱദǽ֪øĥ˲٣£ǹȴҶЦı˳ԣټҲпǡ
Գһ£Ŀǰľ㣬ȲڹشϣȴҲδһҪǶҽɣֻҪ˲һ⾡ӭж⣬Լҵ鲢żҿԸȥҶԵҩһ;ԣǰȥһ۹ƣ档ǱʱʵΪҲ١


148 ֮
Բһʲôֶ뿴ػôҪȥˣ߲ˡ
ǺȴĿһҩһ;ԣСֵǵʦҩʦ
ҶЦһߵĽ̹Ȼͷֻһ˼ȻϣһһĻᣬ϶Źɣ
˾ͳСֵʢˣҵһУܼЧڡ
λĿһ漴ҶЦȴ̾˿
ôСͣܶʲôé®˵֪ͨߵغΪ֪ôҽҩҪǿͷ˵ģȷʵѾǵͷʱɥǵ˼ͶҽĵزˣֻһָҲҪһԣ
޿֪ҽ䣬˵Ĺ֪ͬ
ۼǡľ֪֡Ѿ޿תεؿ˿ҶЦ̾һٶǰߡ
ҶЦ״΢Цһ£һУݣ
±ɢɢСͻȻ䳤˻һȻ׷ǰ㻹û£Ѿһ˳ȥ

кһ̶Ŀ͵һЩ˰˴ʱ䶼϶ȹģУ˿̣ۿСԵӣ΢֪һƥıԡ
ҶЦһЦСԵͷСӵĽУŲᵢʱ䡣
Сӡλһ
ôһƥıȻȡôһڻѼҵ֡
Сë裬һȣӺս֮ݺ߰ͷĿбӣƺǾѲԼѲԼľӡ
кսһ̾Ǿţ΢΢ͷĿƥСԳĶ飬Ȼ˵ĺ£Ųڡ
Сǰ汼ۣһȡ
кսɫһںš
к˳Ա˿̿νޱƣΪǷ֣ԼôߴԼİʹָõսǾǲϷǰƥСԡ
ʼձһξ롣
λľͳսҲʼոǰСӱŰľ룻δߴ٣Լսֻǳţʼձ롣
ľͳ춼˦ӣս޶ԣΪ
ٹƬ̣ϸ۲һľͳȻ֣ԼսңƥСԵ񣬾ȻǼ˺ı΢ֺã
ֱӾһĳӣԼľλߵĴ
㱼䣡
һͻͷľͳͷ̲סͻȻ侪ڣ֮
Сӭɳۣͽý˽ý֮⣬òûκγʵĵط͡ٶȡòȫκι֮
ǧսƺһӴӹʼճĬرۣǧսĬĸ棬·ܸߵģԶ벻
ߴˣߴ·ˡľͳں𣺡תת򡭡
СȫȻţɳۡ
һȺսҲ߶ߴްʶ;һֻһζҳϵظСӵĽŲ㼲ۡƺʲôԭҲʲôɣֻҪǰƥСܣǾͻһֱţ벻ʼǡ
ǰ£ֻҪƥСȥսҲԥĸ
棬ʿһŭȣҪԼսĵսѾק˲ӣȴŤŲԴŴ󲿶ǰ
Բģ
Ҳģ
ҶЦЩ
ԼȻǿдǧƥսһΣȻɹˡ
һСӵԴҲþôܣ֪·ôϽͣ㣡
Сίϣһ˼ǣûǰ·Ҳܸʲô
ҶЦ֣ôڳ֮ܣ¼ﻹκսǰ棿
ҶЦǿƸԤ֮£ľͳսһּ˱ŤСƣСӵǰ档
ܵǽһСģǽһţǽһƱŤŤսֻҪԶܱ˦ľͳ죬ȻкüζоԼսͻȻӲüζ㱻˦
ںǧƥսһ߱ܣһޱȷŭҪһĿľͳµսƥˣȻǰ棿
ѵ˲ɣ
ǼЩսѾһӵϣƥ޷Ȼǰ汼ܵͬ
ϣ򡭡ľͳսһ˻ί棺ôǱεĺòð֪·ҾǸ·ģô͸ܵǰأһƥƥûôСԵԽô
ϣ򡭡ǧƥսһŭĳ˻˼ǣ˶ܣ֪ܲ·ʶ;ܲʶ;ôĸɱǧĻͼı죬в֮ġ


149 ٣
СӰͦأĿĸоԽľӡ
Ҷֵܡľͳ۾ȵĹ⣺ƥսȻ֮⡭
ҶЦԵʱãȻſڵ֮˵Сô
ľͳЩһͷ
磬ܲܲҪˣҲң
ԴˣҶЦԾҲǺ޹Ρ
ôأ
ʱԼֻǸ˵ƥ·̫ۡ
Ȼʹܽɽ֡
Ȼ˰죬Ϳһѩ׵ĶֺضСӵԴϣһ·񱼶ء
ͿСӵҶЦûʲôҪСӵô
νĺиȥǣ׻˵ôͷǺǱС⻹ûɵòôҲϱ߲ǣֲż·ƥСΪһɽˮĴ߻ǺְܳģСٶȻǺܿ˵
õƥ۵ݾȻǱһʲô֮
ҶЦһֻתȴҲȻĵԭҲ֮УԶһڶУ
Ȼģǿ϶Ǹеٮٮߣ
ףë㣬ϸȡľͳһĿѣԵĳճעСӣӲʮüϹͻȻ飬»֮ҹԼ޲ܽǰһС
̫ˡ֮ľͳ˵
ҶЦһ
̫ˡۣһƥ˵
ֱǡֱˡ
ҶЦȻû˿̵ľͳһ־衪
ǰǵ˵Ļôʵں˵ֱֲ̫ˡ
ñģֻһƥֻСӣܽ˳׵ֱ
֮
˵ȴڲڽһִѪ֮еĶߵĳ
ǵ࣬ܶԷʲôĸ֣Ȼµһ䷨ˣҪһ˵ҲܣҪ˵ƾһ֮׸ҺˣȴҲġ
ƥС˵ȴǼ򵥵õ˱ȺȿˮҪʡС¡ʱֻҪһ˻
˾͵˲߽⣡
һˣľͳоԼȥˣԼ͵ðԼ
ȥĳԣǱһָҽǼ㲻ȥһζҽߣҲȥһһֲҪ
ֻǣԴʹû˵ʲôᱻѱġߵĽԼΪ˵ݣ
ģ
ǰƥСӡզ£
йһٷʱ䣬ĿǰȻһɽڡ
ۼĿĵѴľͳµսȴ˵ɶҲǰˡ
ƥǺ֪֮Ρ
ĿĵѾˣﻹڱǰ棿Ǳɽͬ鿴Ըҫǰ棬ôõȵϾͻᱻˣȻҴͷβѹûҫ˭Űһ˿һҲҵզôء
žɽȡ
ʵüžɽȣʵЩ̫˼ˡ
ɽȱ͸Ǽžģɽüžݺ˼أ
ֻΪɽǴƥľۼأʮƥͬʱۼһɽȣȴôܼžأ
ʵϣۼ˴ƥɽȾļž
ɽеÿһƥôĴţе˦βͣĲϣ۾˳ĿΧһУһѵһͰʱ⡣
սʿֲɽȸߵ죬ڸԼİˢϴ顣
֮ܶɽȣһůķΧ
ֻһʱͻˡ
ƴ˵ƺӦǡ
սһƺоʲôȫͬһʱվֱ壬һ˫˫۾ͬʱɽڵλá
еڲ˦βͣشǡ
ĶƺʲôȻЩԼѾദʿǣܿóԼսһĺܲԾ
Ҳδǲ˵ʵڽţ˷ܣݲøһ㡣
ֻʿȻȫףúõԼڽź˷ʲô׷ôʲô£춯Լ˵ĳⲿӻ˵ĶĶһóָʮΰ˴ΣϰΪ״ֻ۾̧𣬿ô궯ļء
죬ôˣ
ϣ򡭡
һĳ˻ɽſȻ𣬼Ǵƣֱ͸ʡ
ⳤ˻УǷݾ¡һһûƣͻȻſռ͸أ
Դ˻߻оӲ֪һ˻ʲô
ȴ
ˣǾ٣


150 ǰ
ϣ򡭡Ȼһսͬʱ쳤˻Դǵ¾Լʾ
ͻľ޴ˣʿһ͵һ£޷֮óȻܵȾ޴˳˹ȥ
˲ʱӯɽ֮Уĳм¡һϸ߿ա
Լ貢δֹЪУһƥڣȴѩ㣬ýССԱܽɽȣһȣ
ƥɫСеһ˲䣬ɽͻȻظš
ղŻܵսͻȻ䶼ǻظú˯ŵСɶɰ
ɽȣֻһƥХųҡͷβչţƺɽȣ˲ʱѾƥأ
϶Ǹ꣬񣬺ڷƮźɫСɽȡ
һֱ̣һһıݣ
ɽУ˶ͻıʾĿɿڴ֪ηӦ
ô£
ʲô
ղŵĶǳֹĶǵأôһزʶİҫؽˣ
¶ֻ࣬ľͳȥץһ˺òã
ô˭أ
ľͳʱȻѾ׵ΪǣңһͬʲƵĿ⡣
죬ҲľͳİԵգ˲˴ֹߣ
ʱһ׳Ĵһվǰ·м䣬ľӳ壡Ѿʲôʲôɾȥʲôģôһô˵
ľӳ弱˦ͳ죬ίʵֲҡӵģǸǸʦ
ʦʦΣʦҲܻʵһλͳּҲ̫˰ɡ
ľӳ᣺ô֪龹ݱ˹˭˼ƥ֮һ·ϣûõġ
ģȻ˵ʲôҲ֪ơף󺺸˵һ룬ͻȻֻ۾ͳͭһľӳ塣
˵ʲô˵е
ȴ˵еҪԵ
Բۣ
ĿעҶЦµСӣҲŲˣԽ۾ԽʶĦ°ͣȻδ꣬δܷҲͲһ⾰ǡ⸱ѾԽѰͬ׶εıԣǰЭ쳣嶯ˮ˻ѽǺ
ƥ֮ʲô֣أעƥſʵ
ľӳ¶һõĹŹɫССӡ
Сӡ㶣漴Ȼŭľӳ壬ѾľȻҽҵС˵㣡
ľӳ岻Ŀࡣ
ʲôͳССôû˼û˼ҽе֣û뵽ȻôţǴͳС컯Ū˻Ե
ֳһ󺺣εĻˣ˶ʲôأץĹأ
һʲôҺɺͳ
һҪ췴ô
һ㼸ȣ˲䰲
ľӳüǰ񣬲ҽһ·㱨һ顣
ץʼٸߵĹ˲ĦȭƣĿ¶׹⡣
ץ˹֮⣬Ȼһλʦ˲һССϣһȵλʦµƥСԾȻܺȺĪҲӣֻӵһء
󣬵֪ƥĴȻСӡ˺ȻЦͳ
ȷʵǲ֪ɺϻɺϣԵԵ
һΣоȻ˻Ц
ʱĵһΡ
ȵҶЦӭоʡҲɽ֮еʱǸӡ
֮ǰһֱ֪ƺƴˣӴһʵȻڴ֮ϣ֮ǰĺʿɷ֮ϽѾǰһ˿ۼפأ̾
ȻһɽڿˣԴΪΪ˵ĴӪ
ȴֱʣѰܹõģ
ҶЦе𺳵ȴЩǡֱ
ˣҶЦһϤ֡
Ȼûкͺ˴κνȴ˵Ρ
Ǻ쵶
Լλֵܣһ֮Уֻһλֿѣһֵܡ
ֿѱЦҶЦλֵܣȴ˵ưϹ׷磡


151 
ŸΧսȫԱǿƳ̶ʱݻĸ֮ҶЦԿ֮ʱŵطṩΪ޵ĸԭڡ
ϧں˽ҪĿתűĹͷϹ׷з磬֮䣬±ȫܶȻţȻ޷кһʱȺףΪ飬Ҳֻþʹ˸á
ĴͻȻз磬ȺףȻڼʹֱҲгûȨ֮ˣҺ¾ѪжΪȣϹ׷ں˵˿ɼȻ˼Ϊ缲ȴҲ˿ԺԺ˵ӰմϹͳˡ
£˵ǵǰ˵߻ϹȻҲ˰㡣
֮ǰһ·̸֮УҶЦܽһϵе鱨Ϲⰵ㣬ȻϹ׷Īз֮꣡
ô̵ʱ䣬ӶȺ㣬ȻδֱƣȴѾһǧɣٲ⡣
ЦʱȴѾˡ
񣬻Ե꣬żһֱҪһȴʼԵһĳҶЦȴ¡
˱ԼֵֵܣȻҪӧǰ
ΪģΪ˵˶Ƿ⣬ҶЦҲоԼбҪһѡ
ǰ棬Ҷ롣·ǺڵʱˣҲǺ˵ͳ죻ɽ޳塣
λԪƷֲӸλ緢һǣü۽ǣ¾͸¶һƣΪһԪƷĸ֣Ȼε㲡
ɼʱִƣǴȨգ־Ǳѹѹÿ಻ԡᡣ
ʹǰôˣҶЦʵ
͸󣬰벽Ҳ뿪Ӻ˵˵пԿóλ뿪ҶЦ벽Ͼܱ
кܶʱ򣬺컵£֮ʧĺԺأȹΪڸ
ڣҶЦѾܹΨһָˡ
ֻҪҶЦЩ£ҲҪȫκãֻҪЩɫ㱣סˡ
ȻѾʧءڱԵĺˣĺԷʲô顣
һеʼٸߣϾ㲻ףʼٸȴܲģ
ڵܲá޳ص̾˿üͷ壬ϣ˼ơ
Ŀǰȫǿ˵ļλϣصԪ֧šһϣϾͻᡭ޳ü֮䣬һɻɽָо
ѹֵ˼㣬һԴݻּ̫̫ѹ֣
ҶЦͷڼӿ˽Ų
ɽ֮еһУϥһŴߣһƵסͷٻ㣬˸ץסһֻֽţһƷڵ˶ԴԴϵķʽԪԴάŴ֮಻һ
ҵ䣬ʮϥȻϢָԪ
ȺǺ˵ʮ˸֡
ڣϹһǿʮ˸ְԪά
ֻҪӳһ˾ʹ˻췦
ҶЦβһ¡
˵ƴˡ
ķʽö˵ֻҪ£ǴϵϹҪʮ˸ˣҲΪ㼫ĵ;ƿݶ
ڡҶЦ֮ʮ֮еѾΪԪп𣬾ʱʹ˳֣ˣ˺Ҳ޽Ŀܣԭе۷ʵ޷ָ
㲻ҶЦףźԪҲףȴ޷˵Ԫûκһ˷£ɼȺΪȵѪԺӡ
Աߣиߣһϣϥһë̺ǵעŴ֮ˡ
˫ȲеߣǺ˴󵱼ңϹ׷硣
˾Ǹ֣Ȼ˼ԪԪظĻظ綯ҶЦ˶ƫƫͷһֽۣĿŲһߡ
̫ˣ
ҽʦǵʦǡôһ꣬ȴж裿
ҽȻž֮ȴ»ĥ£̫ҽѵ̫ѾΪߵĹʶ
ҶЦ߽ߣûλüͷ˵Լ˽ȥ˵ؽָϹϡ
ðʧľٶһƬüͷĲĿ⡣
˭ѽһͷֱӽ˭Һӣʲôطô͸ҡ
δ䡣
ҶЦ۾˵ֲͬľ˺پƣȺܲǵƣˣ֮ˣΪӦڵԪƷϣڶ㴴ǶϾȭȭԱ澭ʮ澭һϾȭ޷ޣ˺ǳˣҶϾȭΪõԪƷ£ƶΣ󡣡


152 ٳ
ֻһڣе˲ʱʧˡ
ЩȻ֪
ȴҲƲþãŵóЩۡһԭѾȷ˵˵ľµóĽۡϢһֱضδ
ԣ֮ǰǰεĵʦǰǲ֪ġ
Ϊеǣʵ̫ˡ
ֻһ֣ͽߵ֢״ʮ֮˾ţҽʵɼһߡ
мһ֣֪ûУţСԣﻹСƣ
ҶЦ۾һ˿ڻԲѵϹߣļ˵ȭҪӴܷ߱ʵΪδϳ˾ߣˣ˶϶ϾȭߣʵԽϵ͡
ǽָȻֻһָһָɵĺȴ֮ǰ㴴˵֮ܺϣԷӦǵ֣һָ֮սսᡣʩΪָ֮ˣǶԷΪʵ֮ˡ
ڵ״ˣദ˹Ѿȥ˻췦ĵز
룬һս֮࣬شԷǱɱľƴӣӻİɣҶЦ۾˵ȻʱӵһȴҲ˶Դ٣˵ǵʱͲƴûˣѡ񵱳Դһȡ
һڣǴûᵽ
Ҳû˿
ǰͻȻð꣬˲ɵø˼ŷġ
һʱ䣬ﾡĿƵĿϣ˵ȥȻղźǸɴ˵ˡ˹ƣѾȥ˻췦ĵزҲûϵֻҪ˵оȡ־´󼪡
ǽֹЩƣȻ鷳Ҳûа취ĵرڶ࣬ԪĵرʱգָܻⲡߵڣȴһԾ綾ڵϮֵĵط
Ծ綾ȻΣȴһһϦһΰα˵ģվáµĶۻ£ֻ̡Ѳֹһꡭ
Ҳ˵ڲ˵֮ǰѾ˴ĻǵĶˡԷȻܹԲöۻЧԾ綾ôˣһرݣǾǡˣ˲
仰һνʯ쾪
ڳ˾ǻһ
ϵϹ׷۾һɣ׽š
˵˵Ծֶĵ̾ưɣ춾죬ÿͶͶֻ̫࣬ҪԶ࣬ͻζƫƫֱӿ룬Ͷŵտνؼˣ춾һǵʵĻǵζѣʳ
еͶʽǽ֮Ͷ뱻¶߾ȵҩ֮ڡÿζУ֮£綾ڣһشֿ½˶ͬʱߴΣ
ҶЦ˵ȻǳۣȷԣΣֻڶ˵һ£ҲſֶһûȴġΪֶһֻǻϳ
һ˶ʱඥȻ
ȷôһִ˵еĶ
˻ĶԱǿңȴۻһվõĳʱã򶾷ɾȡ
һ紫ԣֶĶۻ൱ĵزֻҪ㱾ΪٸߣҲγ϶³
ҶЦȻǱ۾˵Դ˶ۣΪֿ̫Ϊȵ½ֶ֢״ߵ֣˺ûٷùҲֶû˵ⷬ˷˹һΪ䵱ǰǱ֮㣬һԾɻڳۻصĻ˿̣¡
ʲô
𰸣˾֪ɵһǼĴ˸¡
ϵϹ׷¶ѪɭȻɱ⣬һ˫ֽץסη֣һȻμӲķץ÷顣
ҶЦԴӶš۾˿˱֮󣬼˵ǽֹشȻҲ㼬֣δҩɾȵĵزڹҸеģȴ˶֮һ˻ǴڵһɾһֺرİˣΨŮӲгɵ
ΨһֵҵǣŮѧδ֮ʱȫ䱸ֻǡ֮δ£ڣǱز¶
˺ν⽻壬ٰܹڣѾĪ漣
ƶۣ˵Ҳˣ˵Ķͷƺ⣬ֻҪڣں˷Ѱҽʦʱˣαװҽʦǰٴ¶


153 һЦǧӢۣ
һĶȴλɢһ־ɱ֮ҶЦ۾ڶѾ㲻ˡֻ˵жٳˣΨư
̾˿
ϵϹ׷Ŵ۾ҶЦֻǵСֵܷۣϷڴ˾ֻһ䡭Ҷӵеþô
ҶЦһۡ
¶ˣֵ֣£ѩ޵ȫŵԺ˵ؼǡϹ׷괭Ҷӵ
ĿУķŭһ˿ŵȻ
ȻˣѾ֪˳ֶҪԼ˭ˡ
šҶЦһ£оȣ
оȣ
һ˶Ǿһ񣬵ɴ۾
ˣСֵܡϹ׷Щʣͷһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôźá
оȣȣҲоȡҶЦ˵һ䡣
䣡
˲ʱ
ߣ˿̾ԿƲסϢ߲ݺݵĿЩԼ˹ȥ
أȫңҪȫ˵ģȥһЩҶЦûЩҲȲȼֵơ
仰˸ոϲãִ˻ȥ
ֻɡ
ȫ㣿ȫ˵ȥ
òظǰһҽأ
Ҫǡһ˵ļأ
ҶЦһЦ֪ʲôԥʲôϰ˵仰һжۡ
ߵϹ׷ǰӭ˵Ŀ⣬һ˵һк죬׷磻һЦǧӢۡ
Ϲ׷Եʱһ
һ̣԰׵ͻȻǺΣҵĴϢ㶵ضҶЦǲŵ˵㡭
ֳΣҵĴϢţþȫȻҪվ
ҶЦûٿ˵
Ϲ׷ҵĴϢţͻȻ͵۾һĴϢУϹ׷ϣʹˢˢ
䷿ȻѻȸǼž
ѪӲǱ˿ȣԴҲһ죬Ȼˣ
ҪϻҪκεԥλֵ˵ȥϼʱȥ
Ϲ׷۾ˮȴǷǿӲκˣаΥ棡Υߡˣ
ˣ
ǶԺߣĴʽ
뿪ˣǱҪϿĴֶΣ
Ϲ׷˵Σ˹
仰һڳ˵ı鶼һ£ĿɿڴĿƿԣ
ʲô
ϵҵզˣ
ô
һղŴպϹȥ׸󵱼˵ʲô
˲ô󵱼ҵֱ̬ߵ˼أ
ֻһ̣ȴַ·𶼼ĳʾֻ˵һΪϹ׷ῴҶЦ񣬳УһΣ
ܹ̬ȶԴĳˣĳ˾һֵģ
λֵܣʲô֣Ϲ׷Ŀңȫƽ۽˼
ҡҶЦЩ
һ·евʹҶЦ⣬ľͳܶˣѯ֣֣ͨǽ˳棬ĽʶʽֻҶЦûش⣬Ƕͽ֪ҶЦաҶѣ
⣬ҶЦҲǶܻ䣬ֻʱû뵽Լ⣬õóֵ֣
ҶЦ֣϶ǲõġ
ػõġҶ֡òҲˡ
ΪҶѾˡ
ҶЦ÷֮裬ǡ֮衱֣ȴҲǣܡһ˲鵽½ôںЩˣȻ޾Σ
Ϲ׷Ҳʵ⣬Ϲ׷ϿɵֵܣǰĻ㣬ҶЦܲش⡣
һʱ䣬ҶЦȴԼھûкֿá
ҶҶЦ˵ϹͽҶɡ
Զ׼һոʱļз֮ȫΡ
˲˶ҶЦ̬ŭĿӡ
Ǵ󵱼𽵹Ѷ֣νǸ֣һ߽СϺףȻд£Ҫô
ңȻûþֱ˵ľǡ㡯
ﾡΪش𣬾㲻ڵҲȻȻã
ԤϵǣϹ׷һ֣ɫȻӵϸϸ룬Ц֣֣Ҷֵܣ˼¶ˣֱ˵ӦôɣȫƾԸǡ
й۲Ƚϸģ󵱼Уһ˿𾪡
Ҷһµļ֣󵱼ȴʲô
ѵҶʲôرĺô


154 Ч
ⲻ֪ʱϹ׷˽ﴫλֵܣЦоֻǴ֣Ϲ׷뵽ҶЦ;Ӧ
Լδı棬ȴԼֵйĳǿߣ
ҶЦһ˿Եĸӣصʶ
ŶŶŶϹ׷ͷиȻ
ɫɫλҶֵܣЦ;Ĺϵɲһǳ
л˵ˣϽȣԺһӦʳȬ֮ǰҹĿ׼˲ſɽʳΣ֣ȥѰζҩģֱǡ
ҶЦϵҪϹ׷ҪȫǺԥһھʹӦʹڳ˾۾
ңҶЦļζҩĶԺƽͨҩģѼʲô£иһվѼȫҪ΢Щѣȷ֮óȥռҩĵ֣Ҳһ
ںҪҲû̫̫ҪִΪѣ
°ϣҶЦԴӻȡһƿƿȡһŵҩԥֱϹĿС
Ȼ֪ʲôҩǣǿŵҩóƿڵһ˲䣬һƢķҷ˲ʱɢңڳ˾оһɣ־
ЩոԪϣڻָԪ֣ԪĶϢת࣬ʱάϵԪ״̬ҲΪһ㣡
ֻǽӴ䵤ҩϢЧŵҩȻӷͬ죡
˶Դ˾ǳԵڴ
֮ҶЦעʼշڴϻԵϹɫ˻ûиоʲô쳣仯ʱҶЦǱٶͻأؿڣˣʱûʲôΣˣԪĸλ԰ԪˣֻسĹҪܵһЩҪȻȫأɲڳԪȻʧ״̬ͺá
ڳԪ˶ҶЦĻŰɣҪ֪ϹڻһϢд棬ԪסһҶЦ˵ԪֻҪһãҪʱ˵Ц
Ϲ׷ԶȻҶֵܵ˵
ſʼСĵĿʼسԪڸ˻سԼԪʱ򣬾оϹڵľȻѾָһЩļ
̫ѵˣҪ֪Դǰζж֮ѾȻ֮УΪƹ̣Ϣʧȥתıܣÿʱÿ̶ҪֲԪܵסһάϵĸԭ
˿̵ϹȻû֮ת־ӻûлظ䵤ԪȴѾԭһ̶ˮ״̬·Ȼ΢ʼǿתһĺ
ֻҪĵԪ̼תϾͿʱˡ
ȻԾɣΨɫҶЦһŵҩȴѾͬڽϹԵ˻
һʱ䣬ҷ׷תͷҶЦȫĪ𺳣
Ӧҩֻڴ˵û뵽˻Եܹ㵱
˵ۣҶЦһ¡
ǲһźƽĻػ굤ѣһֻǵģǵ񵤣Ǿ𺳳ˣ

ǸþټأǸأ
˵ˣҲûоѣǷܹȬδ֮
ڼëߣ
ʵȴҶЦټֲǣ֪һʱΪ˲¿νѾ͸Խ͸֧е뷨һһεĴϣʧ
żʱЧģҲǴûУһֱʧС
Ѿʧþˣ
ʵϣҲǶԹƺЩšĸԭڣҷûϣľҲͲ˶ѡ
ۼҶЦһŵҩЧ˹֮ǰҶЦָǸҩӹɣȻȻر˺˵ĵһ
ץҩϹ׷ɴֱɳ˺˵ȥѼҩģ
ţϹ׷ͽ˵ȫ˳ȥ
ʱնˣȳȥϢָ״̬ҸλҶֵһʣ˵仰ˡǸǰҲǺİ컵£ҸԸһҵҶֵܣνǾӹΰһҪͣǵ³ȥͰ£õ
һϯѺһɳ׵ͷƤըб
ǿ϶ģҲȷʵҪϢ⻰ص㲻òãҪҪǸϳȥòá
ȻλҶҶҽҽ棬鵤Ϲҵȵ˫ۣⶼʵҪʾлʽʲôģǶԱʾ⣬ƫƫ˵ʲôһʣҵʵڲզص˵òã
йǸĴ˼ҶҶҽҪģǸĵûɶϵӾ˵Ϲҵģòá
֮ǰԹץϳͲ
֮ǰڶתۼֳ͡
չصǲ˶Ѻòá


155 Ǽһ
ȵ˶ȥˣϹ׷ɫһҶֵܣ㡭
ҶЦЩ˵ʱ򣬻ǵȵԺʱ˵ӣҲﲻæ㶮á
Ϲ׷¶Ȼɫɬã
ֵĳһҪģ˫Ⱥòõˣ
ҶЦЦһõˣֻǣؾôң
òһֻ˵˼仰ѡ
Ϲ׷΢Цͷ£ʣֻƬԣ˵Ǽ仰ԭΪֻҺ֪⻹п֪ģҲٶֿЦһ˶ѣҶֵܾҲ֪Ȼ֪Ǽ仰Ҳ֪⼸仰ҶԵ壻ȻǰʶҲȻЦĹˡ
۵֮ε硣ЦȴεˣȻЦδı棬λЦȴҲܹεˡ
ЦǶ໰ˣ⼸仰Ҳᵽȥ˵ܹ⼸仰ȻˣȻһ˼Ϊ׽ѡ
ȻҶСܹһ㣬ӵŵɺͱǮ
ο㻹Ҷ
Ϲ׷Ī˵ֻעǽϣҲҳԣⱾǲ˿ԥľ񣡡
ҶЦһһʱ侹֪˵ʲôźá
Ϲ׷һϯ˼
㶼ôˣȻ˶ôģ
ѣ˼Ҹ߿һۣϧȫһи
쵶Ȼʲôʱ򣬶ô
һк죬׷磻һЦǧӢۡϹ׷ţ૵Ȼ֪⼸仰ôҲ֪⼸仰
ҶЦȤؿһۣ֪ôȤĻϹ˵ģڸһҶĳǲһ
Ϲ׷ʱһ죬Щڨڨġ
ҶЦ仰ûʲô⣬ﻰ⣬ԼǸȤȴλ˵Ĵ󵱼Щ˼ˡ
˾ǣڿ˵ţȴֿʼ̽ˣҲ⣬Ը㣬ֻҪԼ⣬˼ͺá
ҶЦϹ׷Ҳ⡣
ΪһϽû뻳ɣǲˡ
ҶĳǺԵһ˵ɨķɣǾ仰ΪĳĲҪڶ֮Уߴ֮⣬ٶһţ
ҶЦ΢ЦſϹ׷磺Ҫ˵ȥϹ֡
Ϲ׷࣬ڨڨҶֵЦˣ׻˵˵Ц֡
ҶЦЦ
Ϲ׷һЩ޵ݣȴ廳꣬βŵЩ뷨ʵЩ쿪ˡʱ򣬿ɲΪ²һ֪ߵغһ֪֮֮ܲ󣬻ʲôճԼ챥Ͳ֪ԼԼɷ˵ƽôһˣһȻôơ
ҶЦЦȴӻףϹ׷㲻ϧ˵£˵ǻ룬̽Լ˼ȻҪԼǴĵ֪⼸仰ǴЦǱߵ֪ġ
仰ĳԴͷЦҶЦϹ׷綼ΣʼնеԶߵ֮ѣǾǰٷְٵԼˣЦѣȻҲ԰ٷְٵΣȴʼոһ㡣
ҶЦȻ׸⣬Ϲ׷ϽΪ裬ԼֿѣϹ׷ǰٷְٵԼˣ̽һֺη
еµȷ൱ġ
ʼĩҲԶϹ׷ҪӵĶࡣ
ʱ˵ȷʵΪƴ󣬷ͷʢֱ׷ʱϹ׷ȷʵҪķչΪߴ֮İ˴ŵͷ
ֻǺ˵ʵʵȽ𶥼ȴ̫ؼǣȫûǰֻãиҳӣܸú˼ëѼѪʰ¶ԷԼҲüʱԪˣĸ߽ӲˣмڴˣϹ׷ȥҪú쵶ˡ
ҪЦҲˡһƽ׼˵ֱ֣Ӿλú쵶Ц˵ĴͷͶͷ˭һ˭֣ǾЦͺ쵶ˡ
ʱϹ׷ţֻҪҶЦλͬ⣬ôһҹ֮䣬ߴűɰ˴ţ
쵶ЦʲôˣĶǿߣֻҪҶЦͷ¾ûܵˡ
Ϲ׷²ĲԶȥϹ׷˼֮УֻҪȵͷ¶Ͱ˾ŲʮˣȥҶЦҶЦһӣҶЦǲˣֻǹҸݣӻûġ
ЦһݣʽˣҲܳˡ
ΪˣϹ׷罫ͷںŶˣ⼸仰һк죬׷磻һЦǧӢۡ
ľ仰ΪľǣҶЦǰ治ѺϣԷ˵λҶЦһˣռ䡣ʾҶЦ𾴣ȻǧӢҲδǷָָҶЦǧӢۣǸҲǧӢۡ
Ϲ׷ҵ֮󣬸ո˵⣬ͱƿڴһ٣ֱɽ
³׷ɱ޼ա
ɻǵãǼһ˵㲻֮⣬ô˵ôҶЦ΢ЦǺЦ
ͻĻϹ׷һָɽֹעҶЦá


156 ԭˣ
ҶЦ˲ʱȻԼǽһ˵ԼԵ֪һԴ֮ȴвԼƺʱʵЩ̫ˣֱӳƺˡ֡
һǡǼһ
ǰǶôƽ顣
ҶЦĵײ֮⡣
ԼָıһʱҲ˴ָһܶѡ˵ˣҲûԼˣԼɲǶţϹ׷綼֪쵶Լֵǰʵһ룬Լλ᲻֪
ֵ֮໥䣬ʲô£
ÿÿҹλأЩĻ羹Щϡ
ֻǳƺһ֣ȻĿ⡭
ᣬϹ׷ҶЦӵ
Ƕ𾴣㻨٣
ȻԾɲ֪ҶЦ˭ȻԷֻһСϺ׵Ϊݣǡ
ԷƺǷ⣬ȴ̶̲װġ
ԴԱĵĵ
һ㣬Ϲ׷۲Ϲܹó
ȿȣҲҲҲûɶˡϹ׷һľȣһﻹݡ
ôǵ˵ǸأҶЦ˵˼ߴţǶĴе̣һǿ֯㲻꣬δȻ˼ұȼ磿жٹеӣжͬţжٵ̣ж١
ҶЦһ䣬һֻͳȴͬɽǶһһӶӳͳ죬ܸʦʦʦȣ쿪ҲġȻҪҼˣҪҶЦ䣿ӣװĲԽӣǶӰɣ
Ϲ׷ҶЦ˵һֿʼһӽӲ
ǾΥĵϤǸ
꣬񣬵ͳȴʮ㣬ѹʮ㣡˿Ǳ۾Ϲ׷缸ΪվԼǰ
ָԼıʹˡ
ղţΪʲôûб۾Ǳ۾񲻾٣֪Ǽ٣һʱĻҲҡҾ
Ϲ׷ǿһᣬ
Լľⷬ񣬴λҶ˵ǵһֶûг룬ȫһȫһٴ죬ϵ㣬ȫȫһ
Ȼ˿̻ô֪ɣЦԨԴȴѾӹˡ
Ǽ¡ͷһȣøԶľ죬֪ع󡭡Ϲ׷쳤̾º룬Ҳȷ߬һ亹ϵֹ̣ˣǰȴֶοԽ˸塭ʱһɵ򣬵ҪΪһЦЦ󷽡
ϹƷ̾˿ֻϧҶ硭
ҶЦƲƲ졣
ҲͰˣҶƺӺ˵ڱļ䵱УǸδıġ
ҶֵܣѾûκǡϹ׷˫ֽη֣۾¶⣺Ծͽ˽ȥȽϸ

ҶЦûüʡ
ͿϹ׷Ѿȵˣ
ող뿪͵ļӦ
ĶˣнӦ̨ҲһץϹ׷ɫնĵ
ǣ
ҶЦüֹסѯʵ˼ֻǾؿš
ԱһǺ˴ִ顣
һ￴ʵɭɭһеɭȻĿ⣬ͬɳĮеͺһ㡣ǿ˭жеɡ
˸оֻҪվǰ͵ǳһ㣬Լеܣȫסˣ
ôһ˵ִҲǷϹ׷磬ҳôһйȻ˾ţҲ̫Ӱ۸˰ɡҶЦֹ
ϹĲǰϹ׷ѶһҲûлϼ仰Ĺ򣬾ͽȫ˳
永һǰƣβ֪Ѿȫ̰¶ˡ
ǿִֻĿ̷̼֮йʵʵйˣʡȴ鷳ҲʡȴƤ֮ࡣ
Ϲ׷ܹ֮ѸĿ꣬ҶЦһϹԴλ֮λ˼ΪͨŮ죬ֻҪڼҳԷλ³
λˣȴһӦ̨ܸϹġ
Ӧ̨һݣȴϹ׷ӣΨһһӡ
Ϲ׷ϥ£Ϲһ֮⣬ֻﶼѾޣȻ׽֮ˣֻӦ̨Ӹɶˡ
ϹһһغϹ׷ں˽֮࣬ôԺĻҵ¾ҪϤӦ̨
ʵϣϹԴһѾ飬Ӧ̨ǽֺ˵ֻ˼λ϶鼯巴ԣ֮
龭ҶЦЩĿɿڴ


157 ֮
˵ﻰҶЦԺ˵ǰ״ܷǳ൱Ĳֹۣպգ⣬ͬСɣѾ򶥼ļֻǷȱ㹻Ķѡ
ǾĴһз磬һ״νҵ˵״ûڰز˭ţǸҶֵĻ֣ܷ
ҶЦûָϾְܾ֮ˣԼŪĻ֣Ѿˣ᲻ǸżɵǱˣҪֻ֮߾Ǹǿޱȵ֯ڰ̲ݣ
ҪҶЦ̫ɹΪҶЦʵǼ̫Ȩıƣ޼ɡ׹ӣŮǳšĴս޲ǹĻμ㣬ػȾһѪ·ĳ;棬һյ֣һʮڻܲһۣǾȱˣ
ֻǳҶЦԤϵǣϹıòƱȽϵֱһ㣡
ҶЦȻֻֻǿܱ˶˺˿ڼû뵽һУȻһе̬ȫ˳
ʵ˳Ҳ֮Уؼһ㱻ҶЦƣϤһеϹ׷缴̽ؼҶЦᵽġҩϣΪϹһ񱣬Ǿǡϲһֻһ
Ƿͷ
һеĴޣͷʵ˼ȴżŨζζӣʣ˵ܹǹζˣζղܡ
λˣǿԽǷͷú֮ܺˣԣϹÿ춼һɶķͷ
ؼ֣ô¶˭ͬȻˡ
һ㣬˱Ӧ̨ܣô
Ծ¶ߣıߣһжô˳ϡ˳¡˳ˮۡ
¼ô򵥣ҶЦõıôţ
ˣȻˣ˳£ҪҶЦֲ˶ϳĶҪ£ϹˣҲû֪˾ȻĻģ
Ϲ׷Ŀһ˲ƺ˺üꡣ
ıߵʱӦ̨Ǳ߽ӵһ
ܹ𣿡
ôܹң
˭ûиĿꣿ˭ûеҰģǣҰҲҪ൱֮ϵģҪҰһƽ̨ҰĲзչأ
Ӧ̨ĴţұһߵĺˣֻΪҸս˼ҿңǵҲˣĵĸм
ҴС׼Ϊ˺һУΪʲôҪΪӣΨһĵӣ
²ˣѵǸһҰ̳Ļ᣿ѵͲΪˣ룡ζ룡ʱ룬θˣ
ҪŬΪһ֮֮ϵǸˣҿԵģһԵģ
ȴΪӣӦ̨ҪŤˣѵ֪Ҳм̳еȨֻҪӲˣΨһӲˣ̳֮λģֻӼӵӣΨһĳмߣ
֪Ϊ£ʹ갡ʱʱĥҵģ
Σսʤ˶ٴΣǸ뷨ǻҵʼǻǲӦɥ£һ۷ҵĬĬһߡ
һжԴλĻᰡӦ̨ӢȫǲģЩȫҵģܹһеĶȫĸ裬ô
ֻҪϹһҾΨһļ̳˰Ӧ̨ߵؽеĴʮɵйĲƸһָݿȨƣҡҲ롭Ҳ밡
Ҵ΢ĵطһֽһᣬҲ֪ҶɽҲΪǡȻѾߵôߵλãҵҰģԼڿƲˣһоôʼˡ
ҲΪӦߣҵˣҪ֪¡
Ӧ̨ĴУ常µ񣬺ҲٻȥҲûлٻȥֻ˼˵һ䣺Ժ󡭡Ҫľø˫ȫҲҪԷǷֵ˸Ĺ죬Աӣ΢֪Īǣ
ݱ常
ۿӦִ̨ԱѺȥϹ׷
ϼ⾷ţ촽£ر۾
ڣѻȸ
ϹԾʬһڴϣһ
Ϲ׷ڻûջسȻԥȴûпϣһƬϵģġ
һӣΪԼȨıԼӡ
£Ϲ׷һֳңĸо
ˣôӣ
ѵ֪ͼѵӦˮ֮㵱ӿȪ౨㲻𣬵ҲںһҰɣ
ôˣ
Ϲ׷ϵԼ⡣
Ƭ֮
һִԱ첽˽󵱼ңӦ̨ӦѾǷ׼ϣ
仰Ȼָʹʵġ
ǰչͲʾѾͷ̡֤
ˡϹ׷۾Ȼҡͷ


158 Ϊʲô
󵱼ҵĲģ˵ȨۣӦ̨ɥĲΪ޿⣡֮ǰ˵ǷͷԵ֮ҲơȥԾɲڸģֻ䱾
ԾɻὫеף
ҶЦͷ⼸仰Ĺ۵㡣
Ϲ׷糤̾ϢվתͷҶЦ˵Ҷֵܣ˰ͽȫֵһѲץȮӵ˶ҲҪֵܳˡ
Ҷĳֻ岻ݴǣ󵱼ҵķıǣ࣬һ¡ҶЦ֣صͷŵ
ǲ֪ǳŵԿ䣬ࡱϹȣȻǼˣ˭أ
áϷ˼ľƣȻȥһˡϹ׷ɫҰܣ˵꣬ͷΣ˳ȥ
ӰĻɪ
ڲ˵ÿһ춼ѰģȬеĲ߶ԣȴǳ尾ϣ̣޼ȥиУֻ䣡
ҶЦںѾʮ죬ʮҶЦԣһβ̵Ĺˣ
Ƕں¶ԣȴÿһ춼Ǵ޹ϣ֮еģ
ʮʱϹһ˲ⴴ˶ȫȬǻָΪ֮ԸֻҪʱգɹ۲ڻ£һƶĥ£պɽ˸һ¥Ҳδ֪
д󵱼Ϲ׷з磬ҶЦҽδصߣж޾ռȳԽؽָμжжָ硣
شϲѶϮ£׵ޣֵҲˡ
ǰʱѾڲ֪֮УʧӰ١
е˶Ȼ˴󵱼Ϲ׷֪֪֪̬ȣҲԽԽ𾴡𾴣˶ӾԼϵ
һȫȫģĵ׵𾴡
ȻЩĸо
Դˣ˲֡
˴󵱼Ϲ׷磬ǵԪƷĸ֣򣬵ΪǶԶһĴ¸кǿᵽԺĴ޷죬ѱʲôʱ󵱼Ҷ𾴣
ңǶһΪֻԪꣿ
Ϊʲô
˵ΪҶк֣Ǿθ˵ĴǴˣд̬ȻЩܻ˵ùȥϹ׷д̬ȣȴзǹζ飡
˰˼ˣ
һֱܻϹ֮󣬷£Ǿ治ѵԼףΪʲô
ǴӱǶȣԼִ񹧽ҲΪ׿һԭ̬òƾͱȽϲˣ
Ϲ׷Զӵɻ࣬£ϵһ£Щ꣬Ϊһ죡һԵ㲻ҪʣҲ֪ʱ򣬱ʱȻ֪һС
Ϲ첻ʡ
ȴεؼס仰
£
ʲôϵĹأ
ôһ룬ĵͻȻ䷺һ⡣

һա
ҶЦ˸ǡ
˼ˣˣҽɽһУҴеĿĵءҶЦ˵
ǰϹ׷ɽ֣Ӧ
Ȼɽص㼴ʱϹ׷ĵĵط
ȥɽֻǳǣһζѣϹʲô֣ͬУֻὫ޷Ŵ౾ᷢҲҪⲻǰңǺҡҶЦһĵһﵹˬ죬һȷ֮󣬾Ҫжˣòô
Ѿȵ̫ˣѾˡϹ׷εļԾԾԣˣȲҪȥսһ½ٱȥ
ҶЦһͷߵעλڲԵưӣֱ
ҲǸ˼ҵ˼ʵ˵ĳ𡭡Ϲ׷缱æ͡
ҶЦЩҪĬĬˡ
һҲҿǱ˰䶾змˣ򣬾ȻӣﻹȵõԼڵ;ʮɱȥˡ
Ժ˵ĸ𣬹ȻźһģȴʹűǺ׼ˣ֮һ仰ⲻǱ𣬶
λԶֵĺ²
ǰʱ䣬ǼһãͷˡɱᣬɲΪ̱ˡʱżģΪ޷żģһң̱ˣƶҡ
Ϲ׷糤̾ǻ쵰ңɶʱˣҪʱˣܶˣǻ쵰
æһͣ쵰ҵġ


159 ѩΪս
޾ռĶһ𣬻쵰ô˵Ļأ߹ģİôʣ֪˵һͷǡ쵰ô쵰Եİﰡûʶ
Ϲ׷ҶЦֻĵȴԷһů⡣
ԭֵܵǣҲֵܵĵǵģ
Ϲ׷еĲǼһָǲǼŵХ²ǡԹǡ
һױ޸ĸΪȺģνҰʮ㡣
Եɺ֮£˽̵޳ɼգ²䣬ȴģԼԼȡ˸֣вԹǡ
Թǳ߽֮ʱԱСγϰߵԣܲ˺ķƾһʵԼҴƴѪҰԣܿ;ۼһˣһɹģΪڼˣڵͬһһš
˫ʵ⣬ȫûпɱԣεܴƴھԵʵ֮ǰͽͣԷΧ᧿ΣۼҪ״õ
ҶЦ·أҶЦʱ̬ԣ治֣ЦˣֻǱҲţĳǻ˳۵ķϣ˳ֽ
֪ԹǳǶǿߵĳ羴Ǹж֮ģ֮Ӵ֮󣬳׵صĳΪҶЦӵߡ
ŲȺԽԽ׳󣬲ӵеʵҲԽԽǿʢ𽥳Ϊȥһɾ޴
Ǽŵ֮Ȼв磬ȴҪѰط֮ϣ
ֻЦ֮󣬲ԹʹָģҪ
ҲˣǼŵϴѹ
Ѫս֮󣬲ǼŲ֪٣䲻ȴԭʱŻ
񣬸ϵˡ
գϹ׷粻з磬Ϲδһߵĵز˵Ȼˣչˣ
һʱ䣬ҶЦĳȻЩ
û뵽Լ֮󣬾ô˲ƴ۵ΪԼ𣬶һǲ⵽δβأǳĲ۲ӡ
ֹԹǣжнͺѩѩڵ֪ҶɵϢ֮󣬵ʣ漴ν𣬶ϽģҪն˵ӣ˲пͣ˼䲻ѩ
˺ŵΧڣէһ۷̿ͣ˾ɱֻΪɱ˶ɱˣٹأӲκӴʱ̿ڵϽ֮ڶתѾϰ䵥״£ش̿һɱ
̿ͣҹƣʮа˾žǺѩ
Υ֣ҶЦĬãһ̾
̾ϢУһĪ
Ϲ׷̾ϢȻʶľЩ𶯣̲ס͵͵̧۾һҶЦɫ
ֻǵȻɣеȴǳĳԵ˼ȻһƶˣµĮȻ
Ϲ׷صĸоǰһϾȻһɡĺΨҶ𣬰˻ЦӢۡȻ̲סķΪ֮ͣ
˿ƽһľŽļ˵ȥ
С
С
Ϲ׷ϲ˵ã֮󣬲̾Ϣ˵һΪ쵶ЦʵʵĶпͣȫûʲô£ȴ֪λ統·ƽÿÿ֣ΪˣûмͶĺֵܣǵУÿһǸоӢÿһѪж
ֻЩ˶붼λһϲҶѱ˹̵ܽĸԡǿպһҲһȺں֮ڣκˣԸ˵ļԦ
Цͺ쵶һ˻ڣܹסӣ˶ʵʵġκһ̴棬ֻǸһ´˿̵ͱֵˡ
˵գ̾
ΣֻҪֵǾսǺˣһǰ棡Ϲ׷һ仰
仰ȫȫϵķġ
ǧҪҶЦһ仰
Ϲ׷ȻǺ֮Ǽʶ֮ϧڱ֮ޣڵŵʵʵж൱ƫ
ʵҶЦӴ˺ڲʵʶẉ̂׷̫ϳϵʵ֪ڵԪ۷֮ϵĸ߲ΣΨеŲԵռΪ棬һеһжˣŵʵԺ
ֻǵκһȻۺϹ׷оٵļҲУӵУʵ
޿κεʵ
Ȼô˵ĵԵСţʶǹ˺ϲˣڣһֱҪ뱾ˣһΣҾˡϹ׷ЦţһȻеǷ˻ЩЩʵģĵأмֿȡġ
ҶЦ֪ЩȻ
벻λȻĽ˺ˡ


160 ɽ
޲ɢ֮ϯ㸸缲ȥֻһЩʱյɾɹۣǷ޶ٷֱ͸ˡ
ҶЦ£ˮ
Եȣһ⡭ҪһҶֵܣֻһֱϹ׷ЩţҶЦβŵ֪ҶֵǸλ֮еһλ
ҶЦСϣͷϹ׷磬˿̵ǹŹ֣䳹ζ
֮ŵ˵
Ϲ٣ڻȻѾǸӵ˵飬ȴڼܹġĵ˭ԼҲ
Сģڡ
ʱȻ֪ģϹ٣оǣҿԱ֤֪ҵʱһһ
˵仰ҶЦһУСӳ˻һһٴ˳ȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ȼʧڵƽϡ
ǣеϹ׷ȴǻһۼҪһͻۿ
һ˲䣬Ȼ뵽һ˿µ顣
һλ˿µ
Լһ˻ȴּ˿µĿԡ
Ǵ˿̣ȴʲô˵ȥֻǽ£Լ
Ҷֵܵ£κ˲˵ϢҪܷй¶ɱȫң
ţϹ׷緢һ
ͻ˾еͷԣ󵱼˼ѡִС
Ǵ󵱼ҲԸλҶ鷳ɣҲǣҶҽԼ鵤κһ£ЩܷȻǵǰҶѷʽ
ֻиϹ׷վãȽ˽ļ˲ŲõĶ󵱼ҵġⲢں£ǿ־ʲô
һ˷ܣ
һ֣ݱÿηսʱ򣬶һһĵ㶨ս۱ʤʱ򡭡ܹγɵ˷ܣ
һδ󵱼ҵ˷ܣҪ࡭

ҶЦһһٶ˸ɽ·ϡ
ֹһһΪһֻè˼ö֮ҶЦԴϡ
ë׵İɫСצӽץҶЦͷСܵö죬ʼձ˿
ҶЦſڶͷϡ
λмһĻԵ˶̲סЦԷǡ
ǰǴеĿĵɽˡ
ҶЦһ·ȻСΪٶȳȻȴȻһ¡
ΪһУȴ˲飬ĽҪȺ½ҵö࣬һ·ϵĽٷ˵˼ֱǶţëȻǽϵҶЦҲԱ⡣
ЩˣҶЦĳܱܾͱܣܲģùľʹʵڴ򲻹ȻӣֻҪǽչЩ仧ôҲ׷ϵġ
ܹ׷ЦһЦģôҲΪ仧
ҶЦԤƵǣһ·ϣܹܿģҲͰ֮һҪһ·ȻǴȥġ
ʵҶЦЩп뿪һĹ⾰ôо⽭ԽԽˣ̲סԼǰһ·ôս
Ĳţ°ҶЦ̾Ϣ
ҲԲУúܣǴһʱһʱǰЦһ߳ǸȥЩëҲ
ڵߣһҲ˲ʱϯǧСëôȥЦĵ
ʲôĲ£ڱ̫ˣǰèҲǸǵġ
һ·սɱ¾Ȼʱ̲ϢȴҲкôġ
ҶЦΪ㲻ϵĥ֮£ҲԪƷΡ
ʵϣ⻹ҶЦʶѹΪԼ̫죬һ֮СֻƷ
ΪҶЦܹظоԼΪԼ񹦣ȻԼͻԪƷ֮ʼִļޡ
һַƷڣƺŭǰס
ҶЦŴ߶һ£ȴⷢڵĺȻ뵹ĵȻѾȥһּ͵üȳӯز
ܹڴ˱ͻܹһƷڵĵز
֮ٲεĺڡ
һգҶЦѾ˺þúþãʱȻǽ߾ȫԪͬʱȴͬ߾ȫѹƱΪ
Ψнܵĺʵһ㣬ȵǰʱ򣬳Ÿߣ̫
ҶЦеԼǰеľ磬ЩνԪԪԼ˵Ǹơ
Ψ񹦣ǲԼʱģ
ڵڶµʱҶЦڽӽɽ
վɽɽϣңңŶŨƵĲɽ壬ҶЦüͷ壬


161 £
ɽĿǰڵһֲвڴפء
ҶЦڵִļ̽˽Էϸ֪һرϢǾԴռɽ֮󣬲֪ΪΣڳֶΣʼҲ޷ɽϳ鲻
Ի˽ˣܹоɽټȴʼ޷ȼȴò״̬ڴפص˶ͷ綷Ϊ˳ȡɽĻǵǳֶΣǽλԪƷ֣
⣬ܹ֮գ˽õ˶Ȼ˵ջ˵ȡĹУ⵽䷴ɣҲģ
ҪȡӦõ÷ȡҲеԪƷϵʵȡȴҲζţһȡ޹ɣȡĵԪƷ֣㲻ҲҪش
֪˵˻ǱȽϲңڳȡĵԪƷ֣ȡȫˣϤ꣬ûشģɽĻǿȻڣȴǲɽ
ɽѾΪڵĽأиֻҪҪԼɽȡͻἴʱһǵԴزز⡣
ܹȡôŵģȴԼģԼСһңǶС󣬸ǲȡһһԣȹ˺ԼСΪȰɣ
ڵĸ߲㲻ǲףĵҲܱʾ⣬ϾѾĸİǰ֤ɽдȻ٣طҲûлȡαǿƱŸðգעأͬͬȻû˸ȥˣ
ö֮⾰ɽ߼һͷβһѵеԪϵĸȴһҲ
Ȼͳһ˶ڵȴûʲôսĵط
㣬ڳʱһʱսãŸ߲㲻ٽעߣڴѵĵͽ׵ҲͲٽ״ʲôܣ״˾֪ġܡ
ҶЦܡ֮󣬲ġ
˵ֻҪûеԪ֣ԼԪƷʵǶԪƷӣҲʲôΣգǴ򲻹Ҫȫ˻ǾûΡ
ǰΨһⷴڡԼһνȥҪϢȥձ˷ټһսȻԼȫݣԷԼĳԸ
һصǣԼеĿĵأ£ɽߴ֣Թŵ񣬴ûȥҲ͡û֪µжͷ֮شЩʲô¡
£ҶЦɲǵ;˵ᣬҶЦһξƺȻȤҪսһµж˶ʲôԪƷ۷ǿ߽žˣЦȥ
һȴʱһ졣
£ȻǴϵʽ£һôֱȥһֱҲʲô¡
ʱһʱ䣬ǵʲô߶ȣʲôأ
ֻܹ֪֡ߡ
λıĶԣǴһҪȥ˶ˣ̽µһģھһ׹Ѳ֪ɣ·׵ʱȴͻȻоԼ·ʲô״ͻľͷʹ֮ƺҲ紵ɢ
ڽȥÿһÿһ˲䣬оָоǿҡʵڡ
˾Լ֮ʿǿǿԲǱʮɣȻ״ȴĲãȻǺɹ״̬ǲУ״֮µĹΧ֮С
ҶЦ˼֮£ʱǸأһֵķ磬޵磬νɾ֮磬ȴܹһֱ˵ɢϨ
Ȼ״ڳ֮ʱԣֱʮɵʱ򣬲ųּն״̬˸оҪ˵ʱ򣬱Ѿǽ־㣬˴ΪԮƴֻ򶥷ǿߣô׵ڴˣ
֧ţһֱʮɵĸ߶ȲûָоΪʵ
ڴˣǾ˹ָʱܹ㹻Ǳ״ȥ
֮ҶЦ֮ΪԼƽܴ裬տڲᡣ
Ȼֻһʱżǻһᣬ²۴ƨ
֣ȥ
ﲻȥҪǸȥӾͳ֣֣
Ҫģ˭˭ȥ
Ӳģ


162 ո
һʱЦڣҶЦԶҲʶһ˿΢Ц
ǺȴԵ˰ռɽ˼һ֮󣬱£ԡ
ǶҶЦԣֻ¡
Ͼ䴦ڵԪƷ۷ʵȵֵסµĻ壬ʱôˤȥ

ʱʱ֡
ҶЦֱͺһֻèһϢǱɽ
ǰ棬һֻʵè
˵͵͵ǱֹöɣĲѡ
èѡ
һһèŸոǱɽֵشǰϢĶȻһǳľ棻ҶЦؽȫ˲ݴ֮С
߲Ÿոȥӡȥټʱ͸оһǵصƺƿһϿӹ
ͻƣлɱɽϯȥ
ƺƣҲ֮ӿǵأ
ҶЦȻ𶯣עĿⳡʵԴͷֻϿУһӰıӰ޷˵سɽۣ
Įޱ飬һƬƽȴһֵɭ
һ˲ҶЦȴƻͬ׻һסˣ
ֱţվſҪУȴвֻоͷκˡ
һ˫۾ͻȻоЩɬ
Ʋס⡣
ǡӦ

ҶЦ˼ﻹ˵ΣһԾȫչһЦ׷˹ȥ
֪ӦʶڵԼȴȻܲ˵׷ȥ
Ҫ֪ҾҶЦ
Ҫ֪Ҿٹ㣡
Ҫ֪ʵǰҲϲ㡭
ҶЦлȣһıҽȵļڻһ㡣
ֻϧһЦȻǵṦıΪӦȴҪ̫̫ࡣȵʱ򣬾ӦѾûӰӣֻ;һ·ҽн
ҶЦ׷ϣһ·ڵӵʬ
ÿһʬ壬һģɽҰݺᡣ
ӦȻһ䳡滰û˵ֱӴɱ䡣
ڴ˵صڲصӣɱˣ⡣
ҶЦһ׷ϣһʶسһ亹
ԼһЩʱѾɽĻôӦô̺ʽɱļпܽԼһɱˡ
ôſڲݴѵ㲻ڸ𾯽ĵӣ
Լ΢ĩΪ϶ûпܽ¾Ӧһаʽʮ
ˣҶЦоԼԵĿ
νˣһ֮ѾԸдܶˣ
ȵҶЦǱڳɽʱ򣬴ĿֻһƬٻĽԼһصʬ塣
ӦѾ졣
оǣмλͻأһʯ
ʯϣǶ룬ʯۻּ棬ɱ
ȻǱӦó̳ġ
ЦӢۣ
֮⣬ɽ壬Ҳûа
ɽһαһ
ңԶĿУէֺϣһֵӰһš
ӰţȻǳɱأԳ׷ͬһŭзһһ㡣
Ӧ˼Ѿȥ
һһХХȥ
֮ΨѪʬأ

ҶЦȻվʯǰͻȻٸнһʱ侹֪˵ʲôӲ֪ԼôӺ˵ֻоۿʪ󣬱ͷɬ
죬ſϵǹɳˮһӿУǿѹȥ
ԽѹַԽӿǷΣҲѹȥ̾˿ָھӦУÿһÿһָͷ˳ȥʯм
ЦӢۡ
ҶЦһʡ
ҶЦ۾૵

УѾԶȥľӦƽϣһƬˮڸոտʼʱ򣬾ȻоԼƺһϤ

Ӧ֪ǻþ
ҶЦֵܳġ
Լ֮ѡɽΪһվΪг޵ԴͷңԼһг̵ıؾ֮·
ЦЦ֪ΪôЦЦں
ҿʼΪ𣬿ʼνһ̣ڽҵ֡ЦЦԭվǼǵҵġ
Ȼǻþţ㲻ϣܵظѾ֪Ϊ㱨ˡ
Ǽˡ
Ӧдżϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ҾҪˡ
ң
ǰ˾߿Хӭ洵˾Ӧ᣻ͷҲأһ·Զ
֮ˣ
ҶЦΪɱһ췭ظͨѪ죡

¡
ҶЦվڷڵǰ˼ƣһ
һ˲ƺֻص˵ꡣ
һһķʯͷһ࣬ǵ˹ľ
Լֵˣһߣʹ龡ˣݡ
˼һ㱣ϡ֮䣬ƺֿ˵꣬һʤѩµЦһϮī۵ĺ쵶Զ̸Ц磬ٱ
¡
ɽ紵ºۣڿзƮ¾ƮƮ
˾Ǻƣ£
ݺ޵УЦЦӢۣ
֣޵У
һ˳ɽ֮£ÿɻϰôݺһҲ벻Լվһֻ»Ұɣ
ҶЦһ
ǿʯͷϣЩŤſɰСèͷצץԼѩ׵βͣڿеţʱʱĹµµһĽ
Ȼ֪һʯͷʲôƵá
డһֺֺܲţղǱߣǿʯͷ죬ڵߣֶʯͷ졭治ףʯͷʲôÿģûУ鷲ʯô֣ضԴô
˸ڲͷˣҲˣ˦βͽɤӡ
ȻԤϵǣ߲ųߴ٣ͿѾ±վţ˰ȫףͻأֵһԾ¡
һ
Ǵһ¶ѡôô벻ͻȻɱأ˸ȥɲаϽ嵽±߹״ֻǴ˼ȴѾҲҶЦһӰ
һϾ룬ĽһڰβͣһҲȥ


163 
ҶЦ£ͻأʵȴᳵ·һƶɽϣɽڳ¼׹ʮɹ⾰һץֻƣһɽ֮С
ԴΪý飬ӵ˰ա
Żһ£ȻѰһͻʯͷֻŶ档شһһȻڡ
£˾δʱĪһ·ʿǽ࣬ÿһΣŪһŵĵطΪݣ֮á
Ҳɷһȥ鿴
ֻǣȴû뵽˾ûеȵһΣȺˡ
ЩҲͳ֪Ķ
ҶЦ֮⣬Ҳû֪±ϣȻĽݴڣ
оǣ˶ЩεüΪǳϾ˵ΪֻҪһͻĵطѾ̫㹻ˡ
һǱ٣ſɽһ۲Ѱ٣Ҳδܹ֣һССͻ𣬾ȻΪ֮õĽݡ˵֮䣬ʮɵľ롭ҪѰ˼ˣǲ¡
ҶЦһҪ䣬ȴȻһһССİӰ漱׹
һԾ£ȻҲһ׼ȴû뵽¾Ȼǳʽߣһ֮ȫȻ޴߷һˤĸСצȴȫްôһ˲ŵûɢ
˸ءһҽС
οǱǸ˸ˡ
ҶЦھУȻ˼ʱҸȴӦ٣һ֮䣬һȻӿˢһ¼׹ССѱҶЦһ˻
ӾͷʱݣȪ·ȥַȴ֣ȻȣһʱŵûµëըҶЦأһķ
˸˸ءŵУԼ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ҶЦܹĸо޷ļһֻСצӶˣԼǰδĹɡ
ȻҲôµʱ򣬿պ󻹸ҲԿη˭ҶЦһЦڶʪıǼһ㡣
Ļնȴǲķ۵ҶЦ
ոȥүˣ
û뵽¾Ȼǳεġ
ҶЦһЦȻǶԶ˿̵״̿
óһѶŻˡ
ȻҲȫȻûԾ֮ҲЧеԾ֮ǽ޾ռ֮УȻΣ˲⣬ֻκĪܻ֮࣬һʱ޴룬ʮа˾Ŷڵһʱʵѡ񣬶ȻԽһϵޣ⣡
ҶЦֽּһһʮɣֱһɣôһζε¡
Уıʼս±ϣ¡ļ⣬ƺγһ֣ؽӴ±ڣʱ±ڣҲʱԽʵ±ڡ
ÿһ쳣չ
ҶЦھµռ֮󣬶ÿһ缡ƿضﵽʹָļ˵زȻ״磬Ӧ֣
ãҶЦѾ½ǧɣǹɳʪϢ֣ԽԽأҶЦش˿ɽãĳȻ֣񹦺¡һһųɽϾȥ
ɽϣ¶һССĶڣҶЦԴ˲⣬ԥһӱ˽ȥ
ĿռҶЦֿĴѨ꣬Ǿ֮ֽΪ̣ҶЦ֮أ漷Ϣ˰졣
ֻԴǴ֮󣬾ҲѾ
ֻҶЦһ˴ڣȴԵúܿҲǣܹĿնֻҶЦһˣȻúܡ
òƸӦ˲ٶµĶҶЦﶶĳˣצ̽ʯͷϰ£ҡҡϵëҶЦС
˼ȷѾƽأ㹻ʵ
½̤ʵصĶڻָţֺ̤ŲɽһȦȦתתһȦ̬͸ӷࡣ
̧צӣߵڣͷ˿ֵͷ˿һβ;Ϳҡ
˸໡
ָֻ˵һͨ
˼Ȼǣԭĵΰ֪Ļү¸ƽأգ
ҶЦԴȻǲмһˣº󴵴˭᣿
ڸǲڻ£ֻվ˵ۣҪľ㲻֪ŵ㡢㣬ѾСè̡


164 
Һ܇NɪţܵӣҶЦ˼ڸһתȫ׵һ֣̽סӺһƤëﵴ£Ҫӳȥ
ºڣ˲ʱ׹ԼܵļһһɲǼëٶȿ־ը
ҶЦһһ˿ڴСţǵֻûܴţô
ί״ҶЦڴβԹĽţ˸䡭˸ء˸
ǱĴȱ飬ν޵ίԹκһŮڴˣȻΪ˶𷴿ĳпѪûζͳΡ
ϧֻҶЦԼһ˶ѣţԣҶЦҲˣѾ˶ڣһֻһ죬ٶȡˢһ˳±ڻȥˡ

֮
ҶЦͻȻסΣ°㣬Լֻô³Ѿȥĸʱ֮ãཫҪȥƬɵشıԵ
ԼΪ뵱Ȼ֮𣬵ô³ȴûжֱǰʱ򣬴Ҳ½ôʱ䣬ھǼеĽ֮أһ룬Ҳ̫Զ
ʱҶЦʼյĵԪƷǿߣȻڼȺڰĻУԿڵҶЦȴģҶЦԴ˵жԲߣûпۣĿȥȻʱج֮еĺ׽ӵȻ·ԶټɱԵҶЦ¾ҲһĴġ
ЩҶЦ֮Ǽǵ¡
⣬ǳ׽ӵ
ⶫƺֻѰƺһ΢֮ܽӰ١
ȻʵϣЩ״ȴĳ־޴İ壬ôغبµУҪ˵һ΢磬ǽɽ嶼ܴ˵쫷磬׽ӵҲֻͬ΢΢һ£˶ѡ
ָܷɢܷ룬֮ȫܣ޼ƿʩ޿κΡ
ǽֹڴˣǸġԴݻٵϰѣȻ֮Уһֵܣ˵壬ȫûκã˵Ļǣȴ߱һ־޴󵽽Կ֮
ӵжߵΪĿܣٵԪƷĵЦⲻˣ
ºݣǵóһӾ˵Ľۣ̲֮ܣ֮޷ܣΪר꣬Ч
򷶳֮ڵ࣬ôֻʲôȻҲ޷ܼע棬ֻܱĽ𲽼ǿԾԼĵԪ֣ϺҲֻ̰һ;
оԽǺڲҪܵǹ֮ҲԽȵ뵽Լ֮һλõʱ򣬻ϾѾγԴɽʯ쾪ĺ
һ˵ǿȣ㱾ǵԪ֣ܣһݹࡢҷ𣬾Ѿֵҵˡ
һ㣬ͷʹĵط
һΣҶЦǿн֮ܵ˸ǿĳ˺ЩԼˣԪƷ۷ǿߣҲУ׵ꡣ
һԼٶΪȴֻԪƷΪǰһָδرȵϣȴܹ֧Ŷʱأ
۵ܹ֧Ŷʱ䣬ҶЦҪȥ
ֵܵĺǣܾܿһҪΪҶЦһǰҲһ󶯵ֵǰɨ£һģȻɱ㣬ȴδմȾ޹֮ѪӢ֮ȻˣҲӦʬ޴棬Ľ
ΣҶһҪ
ҶЦȻ޻ڵļ
ȻСĵ̽ţȽһֻ˺׽ӵ֮С
롢Ľ룬ȴҪðҪС»ҪģԼİΣǹغǷֵܹܺǵص㣬СĽ䱸󵨳ԣ£бҪģ
һԭļһ㣬׵ȫ޿صķֿҶЦ̽ǰеֻ˳롣ǽѰŨ֮һĸоȫ
ȻӴ˲䣬ҶЦȴҲͬʱоԼͷԵѣһ£ѣһ£ٴѣǲϵѣ
Ȼǰѣо΢΢˲ϸӦ޷ĵز
Լ״ҶЦȴ֪Ǻ̵֮ڷܣȻ⻹ֻڵɵӰȻ΢ԼĿǰֻԪƷΪҲܻ벻⡣
ϴΣԼ˵ʱȶ˾ƣйٴѷƽգû⣬ȵԲԾʱȴѾȥ֧Ųסĳ̶ˡ


165 
һΣѣĸоոʱҶЦڵһʱ俪ʼȫ񹦣
ΪҶЦ֪ܣһϵĹãҲδʲôܹܺӰܡ
ȴǺųµһ֣Ÿðһԡ
Ķ֮˲һϹҶЦð˳뵣ҶЦֻ۾Ө⣬עԼ˼Ѿֻš
ȻҶЦһͬʱȴ̾һ
񹦵УͷеѣмʱʧˣȻ񹦶ЧģҲֲܾ͸ӺѾԶʤ֮УֲָһڵĶ״һ㣬רĳչͻϮλϵ񹦣Ϊöγһ㱡ıȻʱݣȴڱʴִǰⲻֹۡ
յǰȥҲһʱ䣬γɷͻᱻͻƣǵʱǻѭȱλ֣սǻ˺꣬ȫ޷·ȥȻǹܴɡ
ڵ״Զ׼ȻӦΪЧԼΪ΢ĩԶԶûֿĳ̶ȡ
оǣ֮ԳȥʧܣҲá
ҶЦԼѾĵϹ⣬ӿһС
Ҫܹ׿⣬սʤԼΪƱػҪЧԼ¸ĹѪУó۵ͬʱȴҲζˣζֻµõսˣǲ֪˵Ϊ֮Լͼ֮Ļᶼʧȥˣ
ֵܣֻҪ㣬ĺǣȴû뵽ôѡҶЦһ̾Ϣ
ʱҶЦڴͻȻèһССѩԴźڰ׷һµµת֡
һ̣ĳֻСѩצҲҶЦڴϣСԴðһ˫ֱ£Ӽֱȷˡ
漴ͻءһԴҶЦڴֱӴ˳һ˫۾ɵûԲضǰĺͿ
ٹƬ̣ĳһֻצʶ̧ԼǼΪ޵ļ룬èУӾɲȻȻתΪ˾ϲȻ仯ңȴֻһ˲Ѹɣ仯١
ҶЦȻ֪ĳҪΣȴҲ֪Լͷ죬ܸɳʲôԼҲԴ⣬Լ޿κΣҪˣ˶߻õĽҲ˵ȴһֻСצӣһòڿС
ʲôʲô˼ʲô
ҶЦԶ˼⣬Ҫʵ˲䣬ȴⷢһźȻһ£һƵ˶צϡ
̧צӣԼǰͷϸ۲ƺоһ˫Ķ䲻ϵĶӵˡ
ǾһĻҶЦ⡢ӳԾˡ
ôᡭôᱻץһƣ
ǲǲܶ˵ô
ҶЦ״ת̽Ҳ֣˺֮УСĵؽһ¡
ȴȻ֣ԼȻܽӴĴڣȷʵʵڣԼʱʵʲôҲûеġ΢ѣС
ҲȴԣҶЦ۾Բˣ૵ͨ治ǻһ鰡Ȼֻһֻèֻèòܷһã
üͷ
ţĶͷǳëʲôûеģڣ˿̣էȻ·ϻһһ֡
֤ˣĳ˵С￴
Ȼҿŭ˸䣡
ž
ҶЦ˵һĳСԴϣСһŵתһǧʮȣ֪զ¾˵ϻϽ˵⵽զ£
ȻϮȻŭ칭¶צʾģֱҶЦһĵúһڿеȴֺֹһǧʮȣǧһʮҲˡ
Ȼס˺󾱣һ˵˵ٲʹ˵ͷȥ
Ŷˡ
ĳ죬ǰʱƨ˵ԺģԺʵÿʱ򡭡㱾ʵˣʲôأ
㱾ʵδ¶Ļƨˣ
ջϺÿô



166 ƣ
ʵĶȻβչצӱȱȻҶЦϾദվã˴Ҳ൱Ĭһ֮£Ҳ֪ǰôһ¡
ν߲ѣ߲ᣬûרҵʿԴȷʵѵ˵ģɲɵǣҶЦ˶ǰ֣ȫɶͷԣǶȴǴ˵ĴмңԴ˼֮£Ϥʮ֮˾ţ
ǼΪֵط൱˼ܵظ꣬ȻĿ֮
һӴ˵ػֻҪǵԪµʿûȹ׳귽湦ʶ˺ѣɰ׳գֱӻɢʱ𣬶ȻǵԪߣ֮ǿԶʤѰߣҲܵ൱Ӱ졣
һӴ״ÿ£ǿδΣߣ㱾ǵԪ۷ǿߣҲԱĲҵ³
֮ԻԵڳó֮ǰǿߣսһ𣬻˫ͬھ̫̫֮ǿڴˣΪǿ̫࣬Ԫ֮ɢö֮γܣγɵҲͿֱ֪ӾǳߵĿ⼫ޡ
ҶЦԲһܵشĳȻôԵţղᵽ֡ǿߣжߣжǿԪƷ˵ǰˣ˭׼
мҶЦһۣСצڿлһȦȻһ죺ۣ
Ȼģһ·ƨ
˼˵оٵЩˣ֮껹ܹγǿǰƨ磬ԣ˵ʵƨ
ҶЦʱȻ
֮ȴеңҿûԼȽϡҪԼӣʱѾϾǰԼ֣֮Ҳʤһ֮ЩʤһȻǺûԷƨ磬Լȴʤһģ񲻾ͳˡɶô
˵Ҳ˵
ţҶЦͻȻһش⡣
š˵ЩԶŴܵ꣬ɻʶô
һǺҪģǶԷʶĻôҪԼǲǸԸѿƵɣ
оǣԼΪģǴ˾ʶô𣬱Ԫδؾδؾû֮
ìͷʵ
ףأһҡͷԡָֻһӡ
ⷬȻ˼ҶЦǺ׾ŪˣѻĻԪôܻʶ
Ѳ֪ǶǰĻԪԪһѾȫΪһˣҪǻʶǻˣ˵ҪʶȴҲγɲһƬˣ֮оԲκʶĻԪ
ƣʲôҶЦۡ
Ϊˣίʵǵһ˵˵
ǡƵĳΪܶĴʶɢԭȴΪΪûڵһʱֻأ֮ӵĳЩĵط޷ɢ˳ȫתΪۼƵöˣͻγɻƣ֮νĻƾǴߵԪתۻɡ
ԽԽǲˡ
öٴ߲ܾۼһƬƣҶЦǰޱ޼ʣ׵ĺ̲סһ
ĹģҲʮϡڰβ͡
ʮʮߵԪҶЦ𰸲ʶһ
ȻǱ־ˡ
ն˵ԼǰһĵԪ۷ǿߣЩȣֻһɶôЩܵΪӦȥһʲôľأ
ǿߣȻһʮˣ
һεӴ֣
оǡ
ΪʲôôĻƳأҶЦ˼⣺Щ䣬ҲӦɣĴߣһΪ֪߻˵ùȥʮ֮ôܲڴ˵еüأҲ˵ͨ
ҶЦд˻ɣǶԶжģ㻻һ˵жϣҶЦͲѣ
һȻԴҲǺ޸ȫ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
˵䣬ץΣͰ͵ĶҶЦżͷƣȴĵѹֲס궯
ҶЦжȻһѵЩ㾹ȡ
Ȳĵͷ
Υİ飬е̬ٶȸ֡
дã

ǻʲôϽİȫˣҶЦһ֣ǽһεΪ׳ۡ
ûм˴󷽣һʱţֱӵ۾סˣĲһġ


167 ̺
ҶЦЦá
ֻǴôһΣȻԼǽԼòò˵ĻϵģȴĶһˡ
㻹Ѱ˼ʲôأȥɻ
ҶЦղ˵ģϲ룬ҽУҶЦǰˢˢˢת˺üȦǵԼƤëҶЦ·ȻĻŭţ֡
ǡһɤӣһͷ˺
ͷɵèҪǵȥˤôǺáҶЦû˵꣬ͿǺĻ֮سظǵûеȥһ̩Ȼӡ
ʵ֮һ㣬ƽȵ˶ӣ֮дСɵϵطڣŻһȦȦܡ
󹤷ԭ䡢ʵһγһС
емλãֻСצԲϵزŪĲŪеϯΧ֮ƽ壬γһ޴˹©
˹©ĳͣкᾹƷһļ彫ٴ㺣һӿ֮Уۼѳɣſһ֮ǰۼͬһ㷭ӿС졣
ҶЦԿֱɵۣôҲţôһֻСè䣬ôһС죬Ȼ˷һϯĺ
ʣô̺Ҳʵ̫׳ˣоǣǺɲͨϵԸԪ۷ǿߣԼҲն£ôˣԼֻųƻһ飬ò治ģȻԵӰ
֮󣬶Ǳߴ˸ãòıһ٣ΪˣǴ˾֮к̵࣬ЩҲͲʮ֮һѡ
ҶЦѾ⣬һξܸ㶨ʮ֮һߴΣܸ㶨ǶǱѾúȴ֣ͣʼŬ֮зڣĺҲʼ糤һӿ
ҿҪʲô㶼ԱˣԳˣûطˣػҪƣʣµķŰ
ɻ֮ҶЦ˲ʱо쳣
Ȼ֣ԼҲĹĵ
һͷ޾ռˣܹɵس޾ռ䣬ҲԿ޾ռ䣬ѵȻĺɽ޾ռ䣿
ոȥǻһ飬ӿӦǹĺ޾ռӦܿɣѱᱻʴɣ񹦶ʴģͬСɣ
ҶЦתæһһ֮£ʧɫֻ޾ռ֮УȻŴĺһдɴɵĺ½ռ䣬ǰֻɲǹ⾰ռѾ
һ̣ռıðһ˲֮ͺ
էȻȻ࣡죬ֻһӴеĺһ˲䶼ֽ⣬ټ
ҶЦ״Ȼ˿ֲѻؽ޾ռ֮󣬶Ͽռһɢأոʱ򣬱ʴ
ҶЦʼʶ֮˲ʱ˸飬ԴԼǳΪ֮Դ֮ˮޱ֮ľҲǿ࣬ˣԾɿƬ̺ʴҺֻصʴ˴˿ƣܻࡣ
Ⱥ޾ռ֮󣬺ȻԶԶ룬޾ռҶЦĿǰǳΪɱȣĳ̶ȣ֮㣬˫ƶԱȷǵռȫƣȫһʱɢ
Ȼʱɢǿռ֮ӿֵȴΪͻĴ̼ԾԽӿԽ࣬ԽԽŨ񡭡
Ȼڿռͬʱ޾ռת֮һȫЩ޾ȫתҶЦܹоռҲڴ˿һɿǰϲ
ѵҴôռô
ҶЦ˼ռǰŨѾһسľ֮Уٿ쭴תһֻ֮صռ棬жôҲЩ˵֮С
ǿȻֻЩҶЦԣҲǴ棡
ң⻹ֻǵһѭдֹ֪ƣķʽͣˢҶЦľ
ΪǺȻڽ޾ռʼͱռݻ٣תǺĺڲͣӿ룬ƼŪŪƬƺһ㣬ԴԴĽ޾ռ䣬ȻҲĿռʹ΢ѭϳ
ҶЦ˼֮䣬ۿɼķȽȻȥҪѣȴѾ׵ûˡ


168 ׹ӯɽ
徭֮Уϳˢڷһ֡ˢˢˢǼխСĺӵ
ҶЦԾﾭ仯޸ǣֱƮƮɣ泩üҪ£ң͸ǵӦ֡ࡣ
ֻȥһٶɵľ룬ĺȴٶȿʼŨѣһγ֡
ҶЦһХԭϷڶһ˸طھҶЦϽʼڡǴгΣֱͺһ޴Ľβͣ
β͵һҡΪʼƬĺ֮һεĶȸղŵƻҪࡣ
ƶڴ˻ȡľҲȸղҪǿöࡣ
ǺԽԽ
۵ĽţԵÿ쳣βͣʼһţһ˫۾ҲñƽҪˡ
ù
ʵ̫
ûô
ŶƸ꣬ҶЦҲôһһɵߡ
һ·£Ȼһʱ䡣
Ȼۣ֮Ծɿ̫Ҳ֪ǰʱŵǶ١
ҶЦȵزǿԴ¹ԼѾȹ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ĺ֮УѾȥһʱ䣬ֻ಻١ΪӾȻоˡ
ԶӼ̶ʱ仹൱׼ȷ̶ȵΣ
ܷʱ߳һƺҲ뵽޾ռ֮С
ͬʱҲಡһźβͣ޾ռ䡣
ȻҲۻˡ
ĵ˷һ£ȴһ£ҶЦؿˣһﵽ˺ڣǻµİëʪġˮһƯİëһ顣
Ȼһ͸֧ˣһ͸֧ú֡
СǾȻ۲š
ⶫڶãҶЦȴõġ
޾ռת֮󣬳˶˶èгõĺö
նı⣬Ȼǲ˵ģҶЦҲˣʵ̫࣬Ա˳Գ˳ҲԲô֪࣬ԼһɲôȴֲԸ˷ѣŷѾ˼ȫŪ˿ռ
ԼɵĻҶЦĬĬ㣬ǽĺȫϵĻİٷ֮һ
ʼϹŴܵĻһʮߵĻܺͣ
ŨȻֻһ˵ģҲܸͨˡ
Ȼ죬ʼԴڣվ޷ɸĻ
˵ٷ֮һĺѵô
٣
һ㶼٣
ͷǰأʮİٷ֮һǶأôҲһǧϰɣܹһһǧߵȫôҲˣ
ҶЦȷûѣӦ֮󣬻¾ǶȻһᣬοɾ鶯ֱֵˢˢһ·ɽ£Ȼٴȥ˲ǧɵĸ߶ȣɵؿ˵档
ҶЦͷβһ£ɵЩֻࣺµвɵĸ߶ȰɣǴһ߿ɽûиߵôװ£Ӽߵ£һߵ£û֮һ
һʯڣһƬëһڸеһ̤ʵ߲žе̤ʵ͸оһ죬鸡֮֡
ҶЦһæһͷڣסͷһȴһͷԼѿˡ
ҿ
ҶЦæȴָо졭
ҶЦ֪æһɵһëȻ
֮ߵ׵棬һƬƽԭ򣬱𿴴濴Ҳֻܿɿһ϶棬ȴǧɷԲƽԭ
ƽԭϣʬǣ
Ŀ޴
֪ж١
׼ķŵͣȴǸоЩҶЦһĳȥʱ÷ɶֱ£ſ˺ںɫء
ȻضѪݵ͸ˡ
ۿ˿ܻȫӣĵطҶЦɵĵһ⡭˶ˣʮ򣿾Բֹʮ򣬾ʮʮˡҲδܽôĵطɡ
ҶЦɻ޵ķʸƬУ󲿷ʬǣѸˣղһûеȵһ˹ǻң׷ɢ
ȻһСֹͷȻƤûˣͷǵûгָ״ֳһľӨɫżȻ
ҶЦ£һӵĴȹǣҶЦ֮ץãһֽĸо
ҶЦɻ󣬾Ȼ˿ֱóȹǲŴﵽ˼ޣһѿһ졣
ҶЦȻֻԪƷΪԾɿԽĴ⣻ȹǣȻȸӲ


169 ޵У
˵Ĺͷ
ҶЦֻһ룬ͲͷƤ顣
һ£ĻĽͷһѣЩӲĹͷĶһѣѾȫһ𣻶ٷ⾰֮󣬱ѾԼ£ʰһƬյء
Ͼǰܣǰ߳ƣʬҰδ̫СҶЦԵΪλǰΪɡ
ҶЦ૵һ漴Ƿ»һӦƴһӣֽЩɢĹǻҾɨ˴档
ЩʵؾӨĹͷȷһߣаá
֪ʬԾɲź˶ǾǿߡҶЦ૵ǸһһͬһҲɣԾͽЩǿߣȫһ𣬲ǰǵУôһ°ɡڵ£ǲǺȾƴܣҲи൱Ķ֡
һʰҶЦһעĹ۲šϸѰź쵶ĺǡ
ˤʱҲֻ꣬ΪǴܲΣվеԪˮ׼ʬǲḯõ̫죬мڴˣҶЦھֵÿһʬǱš
ôһƬİããʬǶϸҡ
ֵܣˡ

һ޴ķذҶЦ󽥴
ҶЦʼҲûҵʬǣûҵĺ쵶
ҶЦĵľɥȻлԼĻĺôǳδβɥ
šҸղ˵߶ʲôţ쵶
쵶
һ쵶ҶЦͻȻоԾǰôսôȻһпᵽ˼ռսۡ
ǲռսۣ֮ߣ
ǣһԶ׼ˡЩ˵ıأ
ȫˡȫˣܸвбУõɣ
ΪʲôһֱڣѾռ˲ߵʬǣȴûмѱأ
ô£
ѵҵȫǳֿȭⲫ𣡣
ЩǼⲫĺ쵶ȴǿ϶ڵģȻǧɷԲؽ磬ʶֶԣԲ̫ķ룬͸ҵǣΪʲôҲأ
ȻҶЦ˼Ȼʱ½ǾʮذȻ仯һĪıʣϢķΧгˡ
ҶЦÿһذðһɹɵĵ̣ʮŵ֮࣬λϳһɣڿҡҷ
ɻ֮еҶЦܵظӦƺԼʲôԾļ֣һתէȻǾʮŸԼŴ͵ķذУںðỊ̇ԼѾڻ㵽һľ޴

ҶЦ۾͵һͻЩŵʧС
⡭ֹ˲ɣ
治ҶЦСʵǰһĻ̫죬̫ܡ̫ˣ
ۼŰ̲ڣȴֺͻأءһ˵£ʹʧ١
ڣɢɣؾȫˣ
ʲô
Ȼ˱ԶԶûֹ½
ҶЦûüԾʬǵĵϣȻԷ죬ĸƺʲôȻҪӵصһ㡭
ȻҶЦĵɫ԰ףĪɲǼ䣬ʶĽΪ˼¡
ٹƬ̣źȻһ
һ˶ʯȻ˵棡
֮սʬǣ컯
ʮ֣Ȼʯ֮ϵλá
ҶЦʲһסˡ
ô£
̽£һһ⣬һʽһʣһЩԺˣˣ˵ʣ
ƽͻأֵʯЩ֣ζʲôʲô
Ȼֵʮ֣Ϊյ㣬ǿˣԭһ˶ʯڳֵʮֻ֮һ٣ֿʼһһּ֣ȻٶȺܻȴɵĸо
ħ죻ֵܽͬսϧѪԭ
ĳĳ£δ֪ιʣأѷͻȻħ
ǧֵΧ׷½أڴħչħ֮սħ˱ײУմ֮Է֮ɽħһֵۡħʯ٣һ¯Զ
ҶЦһ£૵ħ֮ս
֮֮;ֵȸһ껯ѪΡħͬڴˣһսʤܣһһħѳ˵Ҳ
ҶЦȻ𶯣Ī
˼ѾúףΪ˿ħ˲ȥɱˣþֶΣԷ£չռҲս
ھս֮ǰá֮ɽȻ˫бȫߣع⡣
һ˫ȫǳֿȭֻⲫһ;Ȼó֮нͨȫգ˶ֻܴϾһк·
ĶϾһк·ֻǵˣԼˣҲͬûκκ·
ֳﱸ֮£ڿս֮ǰһɱԪ꣬ԻΪѪΣ˼Ľ̶ȣβƵļ¸߶ȡ
ʤܣһ˿ɳҲ
仰˼֮ңֱǴĿġ̾Ϊֹ
ս֮ħȻһֵҲƱؽͬڴɽ⡣ıѪΣʮֻʼƣʱҵȽѻ촷Ҳж𣬵λοࣿȻʬڻҰƽ¡
һ겻Ӣ鲻ԶһԼк˹ȣҵźԻ֮ݺ£ɾͲݴ棬ΪҲ
شŵԣɢҲ
֮ҳݣֵܣͬڴˣį¶ħһս֮ǰգ

ʯϵּȻֹٸ
Ȼ򵥣ȴǽǰȫ˵ˣӣȻʲôûˡʼգһжƵᣬƺҶûнµʲôһ㡣
ҶЦ渶ʯע֮˵Ƿݿ֮ȴֱȻ񷣡
Ӣֿۣħ֣ڴͬھػƬء
Ӣۿɼһߡ
Ӣ۵Ĵ˵ഫ棡ȻʮԾᣬĿȻǡȻأҶЦȻ𾴡
֮ԲɹΪ¡
Ը
ΨҺߣܼ̳ҵĻ
һ㣬ͶϾŵĻ֮;вŻѵǿҵķɷ
ҶЦжʱȫȻ
²ͣӢźСռһһѵȥ
ʱɽ֮Щ֪ĥ£Ծɲ࣬ӨĹͷȫͬһʱһ˷ĩ
ֻһȻɢ޺ǾǾ˼ÿ˾ֻһ˿ڿԽӰεķʽپۼٹƬ̣šһȫҶЦԺ֮С
ҶЦ仯ȫ޿ܱ֮࣬ܣΪ֮˲ֻûȻһƺ涼ǰըˣˡˡ
ƺԼǰ˰貵뻭棡
ۣ
ٱҶЦܸɴ͵˵ϡ
תͷʹѡ


170 Ӣ꣡
ҶЦΨһĸоֻԼ˾ͺһֻڳĿڴڲϵس֮УѾȥ˼ޣһְǷŵƣԼԼ͵ȴȫûֹͣ˼ŵˡ
˼ĳţҶЦʹ
еľܱ죬ڴʱ˿ȫȻã
Ϊţ߱ȫɿܵȻѾȥ˱ļڣȴڼʩƵͬʱͬǿ˼ַ̬ƣڳ޷ȫ̵ĶӺʼճȥȥ
ɵĺȻʱȫݣҪܵĿȴͬʱʮ˲Ҫòҡ
ҶЦӼŤţڵϹȥҪſڴУйʹ࣬ȴӲǽвֻоĽҲһȫŤ黨
ҶЦΪѾ̫̫࣬Ѿôܹùĵĥ£ԾϵʹҲ޷Լ
Ǵʱ˿̣ҶЦ֪ԼˣԼľµĥ£ĥµô඼ĸй٣û꣬£걻ޡԽޣϳԽ޵ļʹ֮ܳأ
ҶЦ˼ѾȷţǰעģȫģԼԣž޴ġݵĺô
һеǰȴǣһҪŹȥּʹ࣡
ǲ֪ǰӢ꣬͸Լ
Ȼʹ࣬ҲһҪ֧ȥ
Ӣ۵źȻƮɢΨΪߵģܱһԸÿˣҲֻһ˿˿ѡ
Ǿ仰ͷأô˵ԸۼһȻÿ˾ֻôǵ㣬ȫۼԾɲڵԼܹɸ
һ˼ѵʹ̡
ǰδеʹ̣
ҶЦĲԼһܹŵùȥ
ƳˮǳһĳʹоһһķϮҶЦоԼʶԼ꣬ԼʶһеһУڼʹзɿ׳
֪Ǽʹ̼Ԫļ׳󣬻ΪԪļ׳󣬶µʹ֮ǰֻİʱʱ䣬ԪѾ׳ʮϣ
ΪѾ˵ʹڲϵǿûʮҲа˾ű˰ɡ
ʹ࣬ҶЦҿ϶Լ¡Ԫ˾ƷϵǿߣҲѾΪܲסңΪһ׳գ
ǵԪǿߣεһЩҲ޷⣡
Ҳ֪˶ãҶЦڸоַļʹ࣬ؼȡ֮ģһˬĸоһ𡭡
ҵ졭ġҶЦڻһҲûеڵϣֻоԼѾһ޻ֻֻһۡ
òգգƤûˣ˼ʶȴǿǰǿ
ĵ׷һ΢ֱֻҪԸ⣬ҿʶ򣡡ĸо
ʵϿ϶ǲܵģĪ˵ҶЦϵĵһ䷨Ҳ޷ʶֳǧ֮أ˵򣻲ҶЦԼʶȻ֮ͣȴѡֵȷϣԼڵʶǿȣò˵Ҫǰ
ǵģԼΪЦʱ򣬵ԪƷ۷ǿȣԱȲڣ
һǵǿȱȲϣ꾫ȸǲʮǧ
ǿȱȲܵϵǿȴֲ
ҶЦǿȣԵǰԪƷʵģžǿȻ൱أ㲻רǿȵĹÿαΪߣԻԷǿȣǰĵԪƷ۷ǿȣôˣûнأĶԱȣôˣ
αУùȻ޴ֵϲĴҲƣҶЦһֱڵĸʱǶٻָһжֻĸʱ֮е̱״̬ҶЦڽԼջ̵һͬʱЦġ
һεջʵ̫ˡ
ĵһ£ǼʰɽȵĹǻң֮ǰҶЦһֺȻĶͷӢۺǣ䱩ʬҰӦΪ
ڣȴǸһϵĸло塣
Լ͵չ֮ƴɱٿΪʤܣκ˶ע޷뿪
ǺεػҪεȣ
ǵĿģѾٽɱУΪƬ£ȷƬ²ܱħݱ
Բó˵ӦֶΡ
ڴۿʼ֮ǰǾѾ֪ˣʤΣǶѾûлŻȥĿˡ
Լȡħûκһ©ܹ֮ݱľ棡
Ӣۣɾô֮£ֻ¾Ҳûпɾˣ
һֱæһһҹҶЦǽɽȵʬȫ
ڣۿȥĿɽ֮м޴Ǿ޴ķذ
ȵʬǻ֮࣬ҶЦϸĵܵʯڣһȻϣʹ֮幹һƬĹ֡
Ĺڴһ޴ʯΡȻ
Ӣ꣡
ҶЦǰӢ۹ش˹


171 
ҶЦĹǰֹǫȻ񣬾þò

һ֮֮ǰǸ˼ٶȷҶЦͷأ
ȥˣ
쵶أ
ȥˣ
˵صһӢǣûбԴڳƣɽ˵˫бԹвκһ֮е飬µŷ꣬Ȼ׿ź˵嵶쵶һ䵽ɽȵؽ֮У
ԼѰʲôأ
˱Ҳ֮⣬ҶЦԼʬǵıǺǿģҪ˵Ըʱɽ֮ейѾ飬⣬Ҳûκһʬˡ
ôһֳˡ
ûзӢһԸ˵ˣҲֻˤʱѣ䱾ΪۣȻ䣬ʬҲڸൽǵȵز
ҶЦɽ֮ٴչϸѰ֮࣬ʧվ
ûУ
ûУ
ͷȥֻԾԶʲôˣȻ˼Ѿܷӵ£ˡ
ҶЦüͷ
Ϊʲôأݵ״˵統մ汻˻Уӵ䡭Դ˵صΣֻҪǵ䣬мͲκεĻ壬ԣͬҲκϰƱشֱ׹ֱȵף
¶ٵɸ߶Ҫ˵統ʱȻ˴Σ״̬ȫ֮ʱȫûκεķӦôֱֱ׹ĻҲˤһ;κεĽҡ
ڵ״ȴǣһֱֱϿյˣĪʧˣûκûκκۼ¡ʲô
ҶЦü飬⡣
֪УŲνߵɽȵ棬ֻɽԵλõһ䣬ȴǳӲݣƺɽȵӲݣȫһ㡣
ҶЦעĿӲݣû죬ԽԽǾЩԾ
ЩӲòƲԾȻĴսȥǵȵز޿ܲôΪʲôĵطûвܹƫƫȴӲΪĳطһ
ҶЦüţٹƬ̣ͻȻֻӳһƣ缤֮ʣѽƬݴϯһԡ
ף
ҶЦȵĵɴ۾
Ϊһ֮࣬˳ҶЦ֮ı仯
ݴȫ֮󣬺Ȼֳһ϶涥ֻаƿԽȴԽ棬·ĵطȻаɿխһȥס
ڶȴһڣĿ﾿Ρ
ħռսҲǷʮǰľ£֪ȻĶӵеʷ¼¼Ҳ޼ء
¸֮Уɽȵķƣιĥ£ɱͨɽ壻׺ɣĵ׿𶯣ôһѷ죿
ֻߴǷģд𶯣ѷ죬ŵɽȵķƳȱʧΪȻ֣֮Ÿʧġ
ܳΣȻ϶ǧ˿ƵĹϵ϶һǴս֪֮ųֵġҪȻЩӢǰԲôԵ
Щʲôͨأ
ҶЦٴѰһ飬ȷϵûκһ˿̾һԥ˽ȥ
ȻҪǰ浱ȷġ
Ҫû붴е˲䣬ҶЦһһ̽һ֮࣬Աߣһĵͷ¡
ҶЦ˳ʧɽ֮еʱĶڣҲͬһʱ䱻һµʵʵҲκζ
ǰ·ҶЦں棬һһèⶴĬĬС
ҶЦΪȻǺܸߣвȫȻƴ˼һУڽﻹԼɼä
ųǰҶЦǰͨ·ȻԽԽֻȴһķΧܣѾܹ̫μΧϴҶЦ˵С˼㲻ϣʱʲôҶЦϸ֮£ȴ־һЩʮŸγɵʯ
Щص㣬ֵùעȴǡ
Ȼ߲ȷϣִܹоЩʯǳֶ״̬ģĲ֣ڶϿڵĲԶ߲˶ãͻһ
ʯѨУѵʯǶϡ飬ЩѵʯĶϿھºۣǵֻһĻɽΪɺϣĶʯֹһ飬ҴѴĸоºۣ˵һ¡
֮ǰȻѾɽ
ЩۼԾǱײϵġ
ҶЦͻȻһȣ󡭡᲻ûºȫɵģһǵġһҪǰ
뵽²μУӿнٶȣҪ죡


172 ֵû
һЩӵ͵͵ƲƲ졣
ٶȸͲܺڰͿռӰ죬˸ôȻ˼ң
һһèںڰв֪н˶ãǰֳһ⡣
ȻֻһĹ˹ڰ֮У⣡
ҶЦȻһλüжȥ
䡣
ҶЦ䣬ײͷһȴԱǰ֮ƣ彫ȥһʱ侪ҫۣͬʱȴһĺ
ҶЦȻСһ֮ǰһʹʶı۾ãоԼӦɹߣ۾
Ŀɴסˡ
⡭
˷ǰѩﾹȻһ˻ѩɽȣ˷޴Ǳѩûκγ·ɽƣƣͲһһȥ
ұڣʵؼӲ֣֮࣬˲η֮⣬ȫκεĽ֮ϡ
ǰ±·һȫǵĶڣֻǶƽƺʲô½
ҶЦһ˵𣿡
仰һ˵ͻȻ˷
𣿡
𣿡
𣿡
𡭡
𡭡
󣬾ֹ޾
Ȼδ䣬һۻ𣺡طȻһˣһǸ첻ңƺֻԾǻ
˸оͺþһоһ㡣
ҶЦһʵͻȻѪҺϳ壬һſǵͨ죬۾漸ϲõˮЦĻ쵰˵ԭ쵰ûôûأ˵Ȼû
ģҶЦЦС
һ̵ľϲֱݣ
βǻֱӾǻ¡¡ˣҶЦ仰佫ŵ춯ǴЩֱӾͺ¡¡˷ɽļѹĳƣصĹƣҲѩɽɽѩȾ˵Ц
ڶȻӰһһߴӰȻ֣ףӾͬǸɽһ㣬۾ֱֱĿҶЦ㡭ĸ㡭ôϵңΪʲô˵ô㡭
ȻԷûΪҶЦŭҶЦĿǡΪǿǿʵ̫ǸˣǶԷòȴ־ԲǸˣɻ֮ʣ״ˣ
ĸү˵״үҶЦЦһȥ־һȭȭ;תƣƻָָһ֮䣬ݻǧٵ
٣ǰĿһ𵴣ƾճһ֣Ц
ҶЦ֣Բͣ˳ƻӳ缤֮䣬ڿγɡʵʵġЦ֮ϣǸӦתţŶĴ󺺳˹ȥ
ڿеġЦת֮࣬ȻһڹЦһ㣬𱬡
㲻ϵˣϲϵ֣ҪǸ˵ʶӲŪҹݣҶЦЦ緢ſ
棬οĺ쵶ͻȻͬ׸һĴסˣ֮󣬲촽µ˵㡭ǡҶЦ
ҶЦһԾǰ˵סЦĻ쵰ԭûԭû
˼ĿЩɢңЩ㯣Щ𺳣ȴǾϲעҶЦ㡭ôӣʣ
ҶЦʲôϵֻǴһƣ̸£̬ȸȷһȷʵԼõѣõֵܣЦҶЦ
ȻٱʮģҲҶЦ޻ɣ
ǱģܻҪԭΡ
Ĳ²⣬ԭΪξԣǺܿ׵ģչŽԪƷж֮ܣοǵԪƷ۷ҶЦ
˵ҶЦҡͷЦҿסĹѣʲôУ
Ծɺһ㣬ҶЦƽȥλ֣ȻǺЩججĸоƺû
λµĵ˿ڣ²壬ȫţ¶ͭɫ˺۵š
ͷ붼ҺģҲ֪೤ʱûҲֻüƬƲƬǿΧ֮䣬סҪţҵعţ֪䱾ġ
ȴһ׳
տҶЦ֮ԸоУΪΨټ𣬲Żʵ˹֮Ĳж
Ѿ൱Ŀ࣬׳ٲɽ룬ֻӡ
Ȼ˵ĸоȴҪѾˡɽ롯ĲΣֻҪô򵥵һվѾԨsţ
һԴԹ˫
վȴܹնҲơ
䣡
Ȼ˿һǱڣ˵ĸоԾǸɽֹһ



173 ֥
ҶЦһͷɽ֮УȻ֣ɽ漸ʲôûУֻһ֮ܵΨһеĶֻøѡ
ɽռ䣬ҲֻðɷԲѣ˵խ
ʱ䣬סҶЦסͻȻһᣬЦÿ湻ҵġ
ؽиͷĵطѾܺˣٺһЦʱұüˣܹѾ⣬ˡ
Ž̸ҶЦ֪֮ļ
µʱ򣬱Ѿɥʧʶͷɴͣˡˡϡ
ʵڲķʱ״̬֮ʱóȻ¶׹£ҲǱɣοʱشʶɢ״ܲ
֪ΪΣھǺʱ˾Ȼ֮Уûеȥ
Ǻ֮УһΪָһ壬ȵѹʱϵĴ˾Ȼָ˲٣ȻָʶͬʱȴҲо걻ʹࡣ
ͬʱҲƺΪѶȻʧȥԭиʹ˴֮׹
治֪һ׹ɱ˻ھˣûһ׹ǰ״̬޿ܰѺȻɢ𣬿һ׹ȴµˣǴǰǺʹָһԪֱˤ϶޽ҡ
֮棬֮ܣȻԸ֮
һܵļУòĺˣĶ˾棬Ҳǧɵĸ߶ȣʱ״״ָ̬ʮ֮˾ŻҪġ
׹ƶ˵׹ɲһȫ˵Ĺͷϣؼ˳ģոջָһԪڼصһɲǣԼƯһ¡
Ҳһ㡣
ˤ֮ȻϼˣǱסˣǵʱһʽϺõĹͷ棬ҶЦҵģֻһ߱ʹͷĲкѣ
ϼ˵ƳǴѲк󸣰ɣָǵĵһʱͷɽ纣ʬǶ֮УȻһѪɫ֥ɢһ㡣
ر˼һѪɫ֥һѾôԼˡ
Ѫɫ֥Ҳ֪ǺĵرȻδ˲ʱԭȴҲԵ廹ܻˡ
»ָȴٴα׷ɱصûκηĴѰңⷢѷ죬ѷ֮Уһߡ
Ȼһ쳣ȴʤΣԾڿָ塣
ȴһʹڡ
ôôͣΪȻˣֻҪȬ˲ǡҶЦʵ
һԴ׹µտʼ첻ɽıʷϣ׹ûʱʧȥʶ绷ʧȥоֻǵڳ׹²֮󣬱ĳֺȴܺ³סˣȵٴѹʱѾ׹䵽Ҫء
ƴһûбˤΨһȷϵǣγסҵģһöѣöѾûĸܣ˳ʱ˳¶ֻѾɣöȻʵҲ޿ж˾
Ǻ벻ôͨôԵ˺ٶʱֻأ귴ûʲôʱգҵѾָˣһ֥£ҵȬ
֥֥ʲôôҶЦ۾һֱ
ղ˵ڵԵɺϳ֥ʼҶЦʶֻ֥²Ƿ֮һǳ鱦
ȷɡ
ഫ˵֮УһĹ£ĳѪ𡢱˱ȵ£ȴѲµĵر֮ĪУ±ѩޣӴ˺ŮҸֵӡ
ôԡɵ߸۾вͨأ
Ҫ˵Ǹ֥ǺܲǳȴȴһֺرܹĶħʵһıߣ֥ȻסҵظҵԪҲҴӴùֱǵѪù
ǰһ쿴ѾȫҲоΪһָĸˣǵ˵ڶ죬ȻһɹϢӿֳȻ󽫸ոϵ˿ڣ֧飬ֱҲ࡭
Ŷ˵˵Ѫɫ֥ǰ߿ΪṩָߵЧ෴ƻ塭
ҶЦ죺治ǧź鶼ܱϡ
ɲǼȻЩֻҿ֥ûҳˡ


174 
᣺ɲŵǣѪɫ֥ӵеӴţȫ̲ҵڣʱҲ֪Ϊһ֥ܰܣܹԸ֮壬Ѿܿɹˡ
ֻҪһ˹ˣܻһɲ֪ůƻָļֱ̫ˣϲҼʱһɹҲ֮ʼҳˣ֮ڵңˣ֪
ҶЦĿɿڴȻ¡
ϸһ룬ȻǽԼľһ룬ʵҲͦ⡣ôӢۺܣôĻħֻ˸ڣʲôû£
ңҲˣȻѪ֥̲ξ޴кľ֮ʱֻŵһգҲͲˣǸӱֽ˹޸壬ֻҪһУͻһ춯ˣеĹ·ˡ
һӣԪƷ۷Ĺôʹˣɴ۾Ϣݣֱǳǡʼյ˵ˣѰƽе˹
ҶЦʱ
ڽһʱ֣ԴͷʵʾǺһڸһ갵ʾֻǴߡԭжȫǴġȻ֪ˣǻѻظһٱ֮ͻĪӦΪ㼰ʱѣҲҪ岻ѡ
һֱڣˣһΪҲָֻԪƷ
ЩĿ˿Լ֣һһߵ飬Ѫɫ֥ѾҳֲΪһȻʱʱָҵ壬ǹɺħһҲ֮Ҵܡ޷˹̸ʲôġôʲô¶
һȻ̾
ԱߵҶЦҲһ̾ʲô¶
ôʲô⾡Ǽѩʳ伢ҶЦ
˺ߣָָëɽԭסһѩգ֮ͲѩˣɱˣˣżҲֻ񣬷ֻҪǷģȫץס伢֮á
ʱãһܹץֻһʱã¶ץһֻֻøĭ
һ꣺˵ʲôӡ
ҶЦб۾˵ʲôӣ㶼ˣȻı׳ţŰ
ŭѾ˵Ҫеĺòãʲôطұ׳ˣ
ҶЦЦڴ̼ĳˡ
ˣȱ˵ˡб۾ҶЦ㻹˵˵Լؾӵģô͵֣ȻСѵǴҪȥôӣ
ҿҪΪĻ˶ڻ쵽ǰزôҶЦŭѾ˵Ҫеĺòãоǣٷ磬ѹӣôСˣ
ΪңȥΪұ𣿣𾪵һ˫۾ʱͳͭ壬ȴֿЦ֪ңѵ᲻֪㣬ƢұĿԣûС
ⷴڡұȻ˸ɵˡб۾ҶЦЦӢ۵ЦҲզذڵĵУӱ֮ǰˡӴǡȻԪˣ찡ɸ˰
ҶЦ˵ӱΣЦȻ˸ɵˣ˵ȴҲ˽ˣܱǸʲô쵶ɵ˶࣬һеһж˵ЦܱȺ쵶ţƣٱȺ쵶˼ģĪ˵£ֻһҲǿⲻһʵô쵶¾ͱ˸ˣԪƷ˴£ΪҲˡԪƷǺøߵΪѽߵҶЩɽֹηˡ
һ棬ǻ࿪̡
˸˸߲ҵ˵ŶԷ£ֻ˵֮ȴԱ˴˶һۣͬʱЦ
꣬ûһ޹˼ɵ˵ˣ
꣬ûȫƽȵĶԻˣ
ǣ˶ھ޳֮Ȼ˴˵ļҲ࣬һһһֿ˵
ʧõϲطϲ
ġ˶ͬĸоҲֻܸ˵
˼ֻһ˶ѣ
һӣ
һˣ
ģҪ
ǰҶЦȺٴΣÿһΣҶЦռϷ磬Ҳȫûл֮
ǳȴʵʵڵƾУЩʱͱҶЦĻ򲻹㣬ѵһ㡭
˵һΣòǴͯӹɣһɫ˵͸߹㣬ŹȻ޴󣬵̫ˡֱ޲磡
ҶЦһͷߡ
һ治Լѣʲô˵ʲôĺĺ
˼˵Լǰ£Ȼ޲磡
ȻǣҶЦݺݵĵһۡ
ţǾͺãҪȻĳЩеޣǱ˵㡣һЦ


175 
ҶЦһƾҪĹȥ
ȻӵҲ˭˵ǣ˭ң
˺ˣ˵ġæ˫ģУΪҵҲʲô㣬Ͽ㣬һҲûУν㽻ùȥô
ҶЦüĵ飬Ҳͷʹ飬Ȼ֪һҪԣɡ
ҲüëµȷѰ죬Ҫ֪Ů˴һֲΪΪޣ㣬һ˭Ҳ޷϶顣
ϾȻǸҶЦѾˡΪѸеͷʹν͵ͨͿСôˡ
ҶЦ̾˿飬Ҳֻһһʱ˵ˡ
ٿͷʹ⣬æת˻⣺ˣĺ쵶أ
һһƬë֮УԼİϧԼϲ˲䣬˵ľأ
ҶЦ̾˿ˡ
иֳԼǰԡѪս龰ǰѽƺǴΡλԪ۷ֺΧ֮¡ַɳҲ֪˭
ˣȻˡɫȻһ漴ֵ࣬ܣˡ
ۿõԼֵεΪ˸Լƴս
һսȻܹպյЦԼľҲ򶪵
һ̸òҵʲôز
ǿõģҶЦˣƴѪ֪ǣ
ʪףҿܲǼƣֵ֮˵Щû˼ҶЦҪģǻָΪҿʲôϢô¡
ЦһҪ飬ĴǡѾĻҸϽҼ·쵰һʼҾôƨɸһֱȥɣѲں˵ĺôУôĺôŪԵģоôҶûŵĶɶζˣëѪζ
ҶЦЦ
ҶЦĿռ棬Ȼ̫̫Ʒʲô·ԵģƣȻӦоУóͬʱҲ̲סһ䣺ţĿռָأڻôô
ǶڣӦòôҰɣ
Ѿռָдźܶ·ʳô˭뵽Լᱻȵؽꡭ˷ۣҶЦݹ¿㣬ҶЦóʳҶЦóƣһԻڳ϶ҶЦ˵ʵڵǼı¡
оǡҵĿռָڵһս֮ʱʹˡһսΧ֮£嶼챻ˣ˵Ͻָ
þƣóԣ׽ģǰҲû֣ӾȻôóԣȻӲģȴһͷζߡ
Ͷ̥ˣҶЦӲĸӾȻζˣǿˣֻҪٽϼ꣬㿴㶼ú㣬ճ¯Ĵǿʳ
һȡ
ҵģҵģҵģ˵뷨лӣȻӹҶЦۣѾǷ˰ɣ

ڣԱ㣬Ȼܸɴؽеһж˳ȥ漴Լ˸⣬ĳˡ⣬ץŴѩϴ壬øɸɾú쵶ϸСĵؽͷӶһ£һεģŽ»ҶЦ׼·أ죬˵·εĲĳΪˣεĴˣ
ҶЦȻѾģӵ·Ȼӵĳ룬ѾİԲȻ봩͸㱼ˣ
ٲ˵ҶЦ̺ñϣչ˴ȣ˱ϣ̰ĺޱеζȻЩ̵˵Υˡеĸоˡ

ҶЦ񷭰ۣѾ֪ʲôϽ˵˵Ĺӿûʱ̸
⻹ʲô˵ģû£˯һ֪Լһ²֪ˣ֪֮̾Щʲôӡ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҾͲˣ˵ˣѾĳӵĺӵĴӵģӹһ廹ʲôԥġҶЦʵһѾͽֱ˹漴һƾͳ˽ȥ
ҶЦȻٶⶼû⣬˸Ƿܸɴر۾˯˹ȥ˯쳣
˵磬һܹȫо裬ޱĳΣ˾һҶЦ
˵ԼˣôΪԼˣȻҶЦ
Լݴ˼䣬ҵԼˣҲһֻҶЦ
ʵ֤ҶЦûʧ
ˣûкúõ˯һŨҲǴպϱеһᣬû˯ϡ
ˡ
Υİ޷ΧȻϮޱ߾Ҳܲˣ
ңõֵܾߡѾƣĥȫˡ
ԣһ˲˯ˡ


176 ֥
磬˯ߵһ̣һ桪ҶЦȴɫ䣬ٲĺƴڻ
ΪԼ񹦣ڽľ֮󣬾Ȼǿֿ
ҶЦΪˣϰ񹦵ãԶԶҶЦʶ֪ļޣǶǹĪܻĺҲмԵĿЧ
ʱգҶЦ˵Ѳٻɣ񹦺ųµһ˵񹦾ǿռĹû֮һ
һ̣ҶЦԼԭѾƶ֪˶ҡ
һֺƳˮһľԺڰга񣬳ĲŰҶЦ񹦽ʼǹаĺڰȻҪ˳ԴͷֱӷҶЦ·ߣռҶЦ壡
񹦵ޱȣһʱסڰƣҲҶЦѾڲ֮䱻Ǻڰãʹ˲׵㸲һ
ĺǿǿǿҶЦҲо˸ɽֹޱ޼ʡ
һ˲䣬ҶЦ뼴ʱջܱȴƾžǿֹס뷨ˣһˣͻԼ޷սʤǺڰӣħԼΪħãȴҲ޷ѣԡˣ
ҶЦƾĪԼ񹦵ˣǺڰʵ̫ǿˡ
ǺڰǹΪڣ̻Ű
Ȼ֮Կ䱾ϻҪʤħֹһۣܶȴȡҶЦΪȽϣֻ籭ˮнϪ֮޼ô֣
ȻҶЦʧҪջıԲߵ˲䣬ȴⷢڣǹǿĲ񻰵ĺڰ֮⣬һЩǳ˹ĺȻͬȻĪޱߣڣЩڰаչ˵ĶԿ
ֶԿȫȫƾС
ĳһ˲䣬ڰʱռϷ磬ȥһֻ̣ٴηת
Ҳʱ򣬹ܹռƣڰ漴ޱߺڰپ
û˭ǿ˭ֻʱĹλ
ʱ˴˽ң㣬ڰԿ棡
˿̣Ϊڵĵʵ̫Сص˼㣡
ΨһľϸѣȻܵڵҶЦףʶڻƵ̸Ц糣ԼЦŭǶôĲס
һӲοƽ⣬£ڰֻģȫͻ
˹ǿͬڡ
һ޸һƻ˴ƾС
ҶЦеȣе𺳣΢ġն֮УȻܹΣһֱظԪƷĵزһεȾ޴漣
ҿǵʲô֥ҶЦͷƤЩ飺ֽȻͬȫһ֥棿Ǳߵʱ򣬿ǽʬϤʰһ飬ôмѪɫ֥أ
ǡᶯҲһʦͽѹһΪֻҪ΢һʧ⣬ᵼ˲ʱɥ
֣άϵֲƽĻάֲ˶áһ죬ʲôͻȻըһѪʱ򡣡
ҶЦԴ״׵צӣôģô
޲߰
ϽӦô죿а취ҶЦüͷٻ
Ī⣬Ī״ֻ˵Ǹߵȼ״֪ģѾҶЦǰеľݣȻǲϷŹģ
ڵڿռֱӣ
Ȼһ֮ǰ۵Ĳˣƣ۾ûл
ҶЦٻЩԸ߹̬쳣СצӣŽҶЦСҶЦΪרý飬ʹ˺ƺƵؽľ֮С
ͻأһ䣬һŵһ֮࣬һ˫۾ֱӵԲˡ
βˢˢİȥ·γһӰһ㡣
Ȼࡢ˵ĵ΢ʱ̣ҶЦĳȴȵ״̬ԾЩ̿
˼ʱ򣬾ͻҡβͣ˼ԽǼңβ;ҡԽ죻ȫʶʶΪҶЦȻĶˣȴֲ֣ÿЦ
ֻǿǰһŹӰҶЦ֪˿ǼȵĲƽ
ذٶȺһɤӡ
ҶЦЦһˡ
ͨʱദҶЦѾֱܹˣλ˼ǳƪֻۣ֣֥
֣ҶЦող˵Ǹ֡
ҿǵʲô֥
йߣſڷйһ仰²ͣȴ֪֥֣ͽ֥
ɺô


177 컯
ǧ죬а˴˶Գ壬Թ⣻Ѫײܷⲻͨظ֮ءΨˣп෴ì֮ȫìܵĹ֥
ٶָֻŽͰ죬ҶЦˣϱǷ
ôҪҶЦʵ
֮µԲԲĴ۾ҶЦֱͺڿһɵӣһͷβɵӣôҲ벻Լλ˵ʲôĸԵĪ컯ôҪ
ĸԵĪ컯ҶЦס
㶰Σʶתͷϸ塣
ҶЦУ˿Ը˯ǣ԰ĵĺѣôʱ䲻úðЪղ˯֮УҶЦжϣһ˯ҲΪ棡
ڡ˯ߵ״̬Ѿתˣֻڱ۾£ҶЦģȴ֪üʶľζѾҶЦȫܹоõ壬ڳžҵʹȻԼҲܡ
ǺڰȻڶʼƻ壻ЩѾϵ˰̣ƻ֮£ѿ¶ļάھҵŤ
۾ıס죻ûܹʹ֮»һֱ˯״̬
ʹ˯ߵУ
۾ںǰֳԼţ߾ȫ־ڿֺХһľʹ
ͷϣ߳飬ͷ󺹡
µһɼǽܱȻֵ󣻵Խɣ֮ȴֻΣŤ
ǰʹ࡭
ҶЦڵӣͷϲĲ亹૵⡭ĸԵĪ컯ô㣬䣬˭ܳĸԵ˵컯
Ľ˼
ܳܣǾȥ˵ƵȻԵȻʹ࣬컯޷գƲûĪĥѣ컯Եһʹ඼ܳܣôӵиԵҲǻ
ҶЦȻ
Ȳпۣû뵽ȻһֻèĿ˵
ȻҲ֪ﾺ棬ƶ˴ɾ͵ĵ
ۼֵܳ˹ʹ࣬ȴʵĲ̣尾֮ĥȴһ仯
ĺ˼۾ǲƵĶ˼ǲ
֥컯㣬ĺöôһأֻб˲Уﰡֶ˼һɺЩ޵Сģ
Ȼջ񼫴Ѿȡ˱ȹ֥Ļܶһ֥ǽϼӺáˡѵʱ
ڶ˼룬ҶЦҲֻĿԶԣȻ
˽ԴòѾһ˷ָɥĲĵزˡ
Ӷֹ֮УҶЦȴǶ϶һ¡
ԼǰռЩòƱ֥Ҫǿöࡣ
ţǳǰħ֮սìܵħԪȴ߻˹֥֮ʣµ̫̫࣬µĳϬղγѵĻơ
˵ĻôһʮɵĺôԼͶپųɣ򶥶ռһɡ
Ҫ챻һɺôͬڵ֮С
˵ջĸԵĪ컯ԼͶջָأ
ˣԼ֪ͺãǱ˵̼ˣ
Ҹ˵˼ҪãԼѾԵóˣػ˺ȵôǲԵģӦõġҶЦĳĽ
ޣԳˣôµĺöӦҵģ
ԴβһҡΡ
漴ҶЦɫѣæĿڣҵ˼ʵ˵һģ
ˣ˵⻰֪ˡҶЦ°ͣ߹֥ǸԵ컯ʹ࣬ҪܵʲôʱǸͷأ
ߡźӣ˼ǣƲƶֻҪܵаһ壬ͬ¯޷ֱ˴ˣܽ⣬ɾԪ֮ͿΪ޵С
ҶЦ죺೤ʱ䣿
ԥԼʮʱҲ͹ˡ
ҶЦ͵̾˿
ʮ꣡
ģֻһֻèĲʲô
Ȼ˵ʮʱĲʮʱ任ȡ޵Уκ˶֮ͣǰǣûʹ
Ҫ˵ǱңȻ׵ĸңÿһ춼ڵַ֮ʮ˲п̲ұ䱾ֻҪʮ޵ˡ
ôɲҪ޵ˣɴһͷײʹ죡Ҳ
ʮ޵С
ʮÿһ춼ҪܻѿŤٴΡ
˵ˣɶܲס
ûа취ԼʹࣿҶЦ̾


178 𣿣
У϶Слֻʹ٣ôҲԼٶ١
ҶЦһס
£
һֱ͵ʱڳܹȥһڵصʹ࣬ʶ׻ָ۾ͷͿһƺأԴ°ϻ䵽ϡ
ȻѾγһСϪµıӣ׵ʪ͸ˣˮһҲࡣ
ҶЦ֪ʯͷǰϵİɫۼôģΪÿһ춼дĺˮ䣬仹δˮʯȴѾǺۡ
ôӵǿɣƣ۾ҶЦ߶ûһô
˵䣬ȻԾʹƣӯȻȻЩζ
ǣ磡ҶЦͷ
ѾıǷ飬ô˺ߣֻʹѣֲˡֻҪţӾϣĪ˵꣬ʮʮ꣬Ҳܼȥֵ۷һգ
֪㲻һʽϵһأ
ҶЦƢԺõļȥỳɡֻ벻һ̶ȵʹࣿ
۾Ȼһ
һ̣ɢĹʣȻ޵Ʒ⣺а취ܹʹࣿ
ҶЦͷ˵о԰գǲ࣬Ҳ֪Լ£ڵȻƲȴǿļܣǲ֮ҩڣȡһ֣ʹ࣬ͻ࡭ǰⷴڣƲƶɾԣô컯֥ʵһݻԵȻҪĥֻҪŹȥˣǹ֥ҩױͬգôʱ㲻޵Ҳˡ
Ĭ˰Σ棿š˵ǸʱǶ೤ʱ䣿иŵķûУ
ҶЦĬһ£Ҳò϶ʮ꣬ҲֻҪʮꡣ
ʮ꣡
һʧ˵˳
Ȼ;þõĳ˼ţĬȻ
ٹʱּµʹ࣬һϮôţʹ˼šţŤţš
ȴʼûжһ
һʹ࣬һֱƵʱ֡
ҶЦóԹԾĬʼû˵
ֹһᣬȴǾʹٴϮˡ
һεʹ尾ȴһֱ˰ҹ
ҹʹٶʧ
ֱ˿̣ڸıһƣվôţԼϵ˿ڣһλָԭעţһԲ
ãߵڣֶŶ¹⣬ѩ£¹Եøࡣ
ʮꡭʮķʹ࣬ȡһ޵У˵Ҫʮ°
ҶЦĬĬĵͷʮʹ尾ȷʵЩ̫ˣƾõ˵ҲֵõģŵҵֵܣǿԳŹȥһܳŹȥ
Ҳʮʹ尾Ĳ¡Į˵ҸղᵽѾʹ꣬Լһ˴Σһ·̳ܹȻٶʮ꣬һЩȴҲûʲôڵѾֵ̫̫ˡ
οҵңҵԺҪֻ̫̫࣬ҪܹȥʹδضѰˡ˵ʮʹ࣬ȡǧ޵У⣬ôҲǻġ
ȷʵĻ㣬ô㶼㣬ܳŹƲḶ́ҴӲɣ
Ҳɣ֪һԣǣҹȻڽʮ£ű濴Ҳԣʵȫ޷յһ޵еĿԤĿꡣأҪôأ
ȻתעҶЦ
ҶЦЦЦֵܵ£ҵ£ĿжαٵЩ㲻õĵ顣
ֵܵ飬ѵֵܵ£Ͳҵ£֣ص˵
ƿڣҪĻ˵֣ޱȣ˿֮ǰĵ٩ǡ
ڽʮ֮Уҵֵܻ𣿡ҶЦ
ҶЦĬ
𰸲Զģ
ΪҵԵʶչҪţǶϵǿмְգҲ˵ջˣܱ֤Լ𣿡ԽԽĮҶЦһˣһô
㻹ԣֵأҲ˵ô
һαҪˣֻΪǸ޵еĿ꣬򣬷ȥսѪʲôеǸ𣿣
սҶЦ㿴ͷڹ𣿡


179 ò
ҶЦһ£ɬ˵еãҲʮ̣ȴܻȡһġӦû˼·룬к壬Ŀǰ״֮Ϊ׸Ǻûˣʱֵսʮֳ֮徵㣬޵ǿʵΪֵǱѩޡ
ӱʮ겻ͬ۵㣬ֻΪۣпܱԷûһ򾡣һз̵Ļᣡ
ҶЦһڣҪǡ
һߣʮʹĥ£һ߱޵Уûʮʹ࣬ѵͲ޵ô
ֵһսҲʤպԼһ޵У
ҶЦ̾˿
֪Ѿ˾ľ
ҲҪʮʹ࣬νĸԵ컯ܸɴ˵ҵˣҲʹ࣬ô
ףҡҲͬѡ񡣡ҶЦͷ
ҶЦѡΪһˣ
˶ǵѡǣ㲻ˣ޴ȴֲòϣϾˣԸϷҫ޻ڣֻΪĵ׵һ壡
ԣҪʹʱ䡣üëͬĺ쵶һ˵ҪȥҪ츴ԭȥһŶ󣡡
޵еԺǾʮܹȡ޵УȴҲһ͵ͷˣһ
ĿƿҶЦʹ˵ɣʲô취̶ܹ̣ܹ٣
ռһ
ʮʹ尾ȴҲͬ˳컯Ե
ʹôĥ
֪ǣ
жôʹ
ȻĿǰĸԭڣֻ˵֪У塢ֵЩʴģȴܸоǸɺ˲𣬺ǿݸоԴֱԼֱ˵ֱûг
ԣ˻Ǻæٳµģ
Ҫôܹ˳ȡ֥ҲΣգҶЦڿռʵ
һħĿǣ㹦Ϊǳǹ֥֮еħȻʲô˵˵ȡֻ֥Ҫ֮ͬʱܹڵĹ֥ȡ
ԭˡҶЦǰһôжϣȡٸأܲһȫɣȡ̫࣬᲻ָ淴ɵ״
ŰۣһĻʡ£ԷѾõĥ£ԪСɣȫߣҲʲôӰ죬ȡ˳ɡ
˳ɣҶЦŶ֣ȤȻڶĽ飬Ϊ⡣
ҶЦԶ˽⣬һ˽СռǿöҪȫֲģξȻϷŹĺôǳ⣡
ôң֮˵ɣǸͿһʱתָʵȻ޵Уʤڣ˦βͣһ
˵ҲɣͬҲǣؾŹأƽʱëģҶЦȤʵ
ƽȻе̰ģֻҪкôָͬζ̰̰ȥˡϣ˳ۣ˵ܸߴϣúеԾɣ˵
漴ЩãҲУҲá
ԭò˵ԤƵһҵʱ䣬ֻҲĵˣܹ˶ĽʽҶЦǰһ
תͷһ飬Ȳ˵Ȼ㻹ʲô
ûʣǷڱԼֵʲôʱȻӵȷ˼ı£ƺȫȻþ档ֻһĴߴ١
߿϶û⣬ʱֶԣмµó˵ǰ棬ڵǲҪһȫ龡ΪҪһȫĻΪȻԪ壬γһԪܷ״̬ҪԴһʱ侲ָܽ
ԣҾǵ˽⣬ѱΪãҲһҵʱ䣬Ҳ˵һıʱעɱ⣡
оǣڲȥò죬Ҳ϶ϲ˻Цǳȥˣ˷ֶߵĻ̫󡣡
任طݣܲ˶ӡ©һİȫաڽһʱ㻹ǴһӦ衣ȫ졣ҶЦһ㣬ǰȴӦңҲŰ㻯
ҶЦνǵ˽ˣû֮һĻƢھɶ¶ûˣҲʹˣҲˡ
ôһΪ΢Ҳĳȥ¶
Ϊôߣ˸þһСΪĳȥһô
һڣʵǲòΡ


180 ðգ
һĵϴԸб˵¶࣡裬ߴߴᣬŲһʱ䲻رøǶƵģٿСֱǻѵ
״̬Ҳϧô㣬㻹˵ӦӦɡҶЦòҪǳȥʲôȥԲ統ûʹȥɣ
ѾĺݣѾвҵĻҼסˣպһգҳŵȥ˰ɣϴԸתͷխɽһ뵽ҪƵطһ꣬ɵþ쳤̾
ˣֵӵ޶Ȼ쳣ƶ񤣬ԴķΧŬ棬ȻһԮͻᱬӸԣ֮ǰİٰ棬ϧÿһԴ
ԭҪʮļ尾ʱ䣬пܰԮֵʮ̳һ꣬ȴǲĲԸʵǲݵ
쾡СӶ˵ˣͣҲôӦһ
˵ֻҪܰ쵽ġ
ɽҪôطøʲôأ⣬ԵĺȵĴҪУҪУҪСһ
ҶЦбۿλ̰ĺ쵶һ˵ҪҪҼСǶСį˰ɣ
ޣҵЩӹ֬׷ۣʲôҲϣЩҪŪȫҪһ©ģҾȥӦǰ״
ҶЦĿࣺ㡭˵ɶôǺ쵶Ǻ֮󣬷ôĲˣҲҸһ㣿
ŭѾңڣӻҪӲʺĵطһ࣬˵
ҶЦͶúã㲻Ҵүô˵в
һ⻹࡭


ҶЦٶȴɽ߳ʱѾǻţħɵʱҲǻ
ɽǵ߿֮ǰ죬ڲȴѾһɽйһ㣻ʮɷԲ
ǵ˵ضе溮֮ȫ⣻ҶЦڶʯȷܹԿ⺮ҹ飬ֱǶڶи䣬ɽҸڰǶѣһźʵƤڶɽһʱȻЩûʵζˡ
˵һİΪȡ֮֮⣻ӵһϣ˾ͿʼһζĺۡԺȣҶЦռﴢµĴƣȫȹ⡣
ֻʣʮ̳ɽ档
죻ҶЦԭ·ȥһˣջӸռָ棬Ŵʳ࣬Ǿơ
һЩҩģ鵤ȵȡ
졣
ҶЦҪ뿪
ҵˣҶЦ΢Цš
Цүʱ䳤ˣӵɽܲһСߣߵԽԽãԽԽá

˶ѵˣһԵ׸ԡ
ҶЦһЦͬһߣһķɳɽѩֻһ䣬ͿӰӡ
£һ
үģ
ԶԶһ

˼ʣҶЦѾ˺ܾá
ϻǱǷЦŭЦݣٹ֮ЦͻȻӲۿƺйâݺݿ˼˵үģٻСһŲô̵ʱ䣬ȻһˣӼ´һɷүġ
۾ͻȻһ̤߳ɽ氨ѩѩ壬¶ůЦݣ૵ֵܡ
תͷԼĺ쵶ϵһɫĵҫ
ĵͬ˺þõĺһ㣬ĵ
𼱣ò˶ãͻᳩ˵Ѫ

ҶЦ뿪ûѭԭ·أڹ⻬ͱŲ
ǵûаԭ·ȥһȦ֮󣬽ߵͨ׶ˡ
£ʧԽǵ
ҵ֮ǰ֮ҪǸͨΪǽһƼ͵Ϯͨɾ³ϵ˿϶ʲôȻӦɱһֻҪĻһٴפء
פصˣξܵͣһԶԿӦǸĸ֡
ȻҶЦֻҪͨΪϿԱ֤Ӱȥ٣ɱ˺ʧ
ָ㲻㲻ͨĵӣ˵ֻҪԵ÷Ҳδؾ͵㲻
ڣ棬ǱޣҶЦȻѡͨ׶
ʲôҲãܲԼֵܵҪ
ͨһһ챻ڵ˷ˡ
ĺҶЦ򲻸ðյġ


181 ӥ
˵ˣֻҪٹһʱ֮ԼΪ֣ﻹõ͵ϮֱӾͿԺɨˡ
е̣೬ȴҲκε˺쵶Цǰɣ
뷨ãʵܹǸУߣɱ֮ǰ¸Ҫ϶౶Ͼ⾡ǱѩɽڣĿبŲѩͲһıȣԽϣԽխҸ߶ȾԲͣһ·ԮϣҶЦ֣ҲеЩѡ
ЩʲôСĵ㲻ʲôˣϾҶЦΪв֮ܳΪǵһ·ҶЦϾڱͱϲժ˼ɽѩ
ֿջɡ
ʱҶЦȻ֣嶥ֻɸ߶ȵġĿһǷΧ϶ֲָ
ԭѾСҶЦĵԸСĽ̬ȣһƺɽۣ벻ɸ£˰ӵʱ䡣
վɽ֮ϵҶЦٿ¹ƺЩƣȻôҰԵЩôȥģ
ѵ첻̼䣬ʶʳ
˵ҶЦԼţˣճ治зѩǣһλ˵ɺϣѩµάϵɣ
˼룬˼ʱͻȻһӥһƬĿ⣬Ȼ֣ĿҰơ
ҶЦ˲ʱоһֿǰǿȫ޷ƥеԼֹ
ҶЦ侪ңæһʯͷһ꣬ɽʯסԼΣ¶һֻ۾ǹǿƹӹȥ
ȻֻǶݽӴҶЦȻǹǿᣬȻַΧȴǹԼԼ˳֮꣬ҶЦô͵۹ӣ
ֻУֻ˶ĲӥԷһķȴްհƣǱԹ׷ϵӣŲ·һؾƺ֮С
Ȼһƺͻغڰ
һֻ͸Ϊ˶޵Ľӥ˫չֻʮɿٶȿ磬תѾ˱ϿաһƥСô
ҶЦôˡ
˼䣬ôô˶ӥ
ôĻӥô
žǴ˵е£ҲͲ˰ɣ
һͷûüȥĲӥ֮ͱӥƽɫһ׳⵶һצ
Ҫ˵֮ǰ⼸ֻӴܵĲӥ˫չҲҪһӥִһࣻ˼ʶֻ͸Ϊ޴Ľӥȴμ穣ȫûκεĿ
ֻǰһѾץסȫأҽжѾڽӥצ
ӥץβӥͻߣһУӥʬڿУۡ
һһڲӥϣָ⾰ͽӥµεþ⣻ֱ˿Ȼëӥʬͷֹס¡
ȴּʱӥץڣȻʳһ
ҶЦۼǽӥȥʶĶ࿴˽ӥһۡ
һۣȴٶ˱
ǽӥиӦ漴һ٣ӣͻȻתҶЦ֮ҶЦʱӦԭ۵Ϣ˼ʾ۽
ҶЦһȴ֪һնע޷ˣˣӲŲո˿ɣͿԼԭεļӲʯѾڡžһ֮˷ĩ
ҶЦ״ͷƤһ顣
ԼӴǿǱŵġԱͬĸӲʯͷ˵һλԪиֻҲһ
ֻӥֻһצӣ
ֱӷĩˡ
ζʲô
ӥޡʵսߵԶԶԼҶЦȻŵС϶ҪʯͷʵܲܽһצӲأ治ұ֤һش϶ܲ˵ģ
˹ˣ
ҶЦ֤ؿӥӥԽԽ˫ͫԲԲģ̫Žߣ޾ײб塣
ҶЦȻһһ˲ǰδе̬ȫתëУ˵ķʽתΪеΪһ˲ȫ
ܷӦǰΣºһҪԪˣΪ˵ģ
Ȼһ̣Ҳ֪Ƿһ̣һ˲Ψоһ
ֻлȥδԣ
ҶЦӯ뵣ڣһڼ䲻ݷ֮˳ʮɣȻһӾͿԽ£ʮɣֱ׾Թ϶һƳ
Ǳĳٶȣƨɻһʹ
ԭܵһ̣ӥͣȻҶЦƨϿһ
ϧΪ۱ĳٶȣ޷ȫˣӥĹٶȿ֪


182 ˵ӥ
˿ڲڽӥʼ˲䣬ҶЦѳɣԶݣӥһܣҲǽϹΧ΢΢ĽӴһ˲ҶЦѾɹԶˡ
ӥٶٿ졢ͣҲֻҶЦƨһССѪѡ
˴š
ҶЦʱûʲôоһֱȥǱߣŸоԼƨϻۣһȴѪ
Ŵһ
Լϣϵ磬ԥܵ΢һ㣬ԼӴ֮ƨˡ
̫ˣ
Ǳߣӥ־ڱصõһУҲǾһ˲Ťͷ޴ӣݺݵضߵҶЦ
࡭ôô죿
⣬
ӥɻҶЦȴﻹ˿ɻ󣬴˿̵ֱһֻԹŵӣһ·쭣գۼѾȥǧɿ⡭
ˣӥȻһŭĳ˫һչһ׷˹
ССһ࣬ȻҪӱצѣ
ֱǳ룬Σ
ǿ벻̣
ӥŭˣٶȾǸʤһһ֮䣬Ӱ޴Ӱ֮Ʒ١ˢһ飬ȻƾճһɫռڶŤȴϡ
ҶЦ֮ޣԷܣϣͼ뿪ڴ֮ǰͲ֪ϣȻôôײеĽӥ
ⶼðģ
ҶЦоԼ»һأЩʶˡ
Ӵ֮ʣͻȻоԼϿȻڰ֣ӥѾ׷ͷ
ҵ죬ҪˡҶЦһһ쵰Ǻ˲ǳҪΪ㣬㣬㣬ôǵֲֿĹ
ȻЦѾе㼱ˣڲԣŲ·ɥ֮ɶҲò˶٣
Ǽһа취Ӧ𣿡ҶЦһһʣݣÿÿ漣ǵֵʱ͵˹Žǰָ㶨ôЩҲд񻰣
ʲôһڿռ˲ţʮͷСܵķ̡
һͷޡҶЦٵ˵죡
miaԣʱ˳ľͳ˳ವһҶЦļͷצҪ
ͻȻһһͷӥˢĳ
miaһ飬İëըֵ˵ӶƨһŤˢһӽ˿ռ䡣
ҶЦ
ļϣĴɱȻûзӳĸһ֮¾Ķӡ
զ¡
ռδŵúӶڶϴ󡭡˵ޡ㣬զ˵Ƿеޡˡ
ҶЦһۣһ
ؼʱϡĻˣȻдʣû˵ס
㲻Ǻţ𣿡ҶЦһͷߵʵ
ҶԸģţƣǶԸ»Сͷɥ
ΪʲôҶЦץؼʱôήˡ
ɪҡҡͷ治ˡǻʮ鷶롭ԸһƾʵʵڵʵʵǸɲһڻСûпѪδҲ֮е飬òá
ʮ顭ҶЦЩε
ţƺģԼΪжôţԭǽϡ
ʵ
ȻĳغԵĺܹؼ֡롱һܳʣһȻǷ룬ʮǧͬҲǷ룬ڸ࣬ѵͲڷô
ҶЦҪؼ˼һ֮Σйĥۣһ˵УĻȫˡ
ӥ˼Ѿ׷ҶЦϿգҶЦľȫƴŲһܳľ룬˼һչѾ׷ˣӣܿ϶ܲ˵ġ
Ȼܲˣ򲻹Ҫô죬ѵľʵʵһֻӥĸвͰɣ
ƴٶȣƴƴʵƴôӸƴǻۣ
ҶЦһᣬֱͣסΣֵͷӥ˼ҿǧҪĶ˻źá
ӥѾɵҶЦͷϣһļ׷ϵĵڣ뵽һȻԭͣסˡ
ӥ˿̵ķٶȺεȾˣһѳȥ˲һٶɣ͵ضסһ֮䣬šˢһ˻
ԲԲĽɫͫעҶЦоȻЩƵζ
ԲۣҶЦӥֱˣ⡭ֻӥȻᵹŷɣҪ̬죿
״Ȼ׵ص߸ҶЦԭ֪
Ȼε𾪣ȴҲǸõ𾪵ʱΪӥѾϿգۿҪչˡ
ҶЦӸղŵĹƣȡٶȺ׵ĵóۣԼղжԼ½ӥһֻشԱ뷨ȻԼ̫߹ԼˣӥһԼ׵꣬޽ң
ţҶЦͦɽӥ֣£
ӥˢһʮɣɻҶЦ˲Ƶζ
࡭ڸ˵
ǡ࣬Ҳ˵ӥﰡ
˵ӥ


183 װʲôͿ
֪ڸ˵ȴ֪˵ʲôšĥôֱӸô
ӥˢһֱ£һצӺȻץ¡
ҶЦǱ״ĵ֮ܶյıܹһȴһϵĳб˺һƬҶЦҡ֣ӥ֣ӥѵ˵
ӥԥԥˣһᣬˢ
ۣ
ҶЦٴһǶ㿪ˣǿȴ˺һƬ
ӥ֣˵ҶЦЩˣôһ˫Բͨ޷ô죿Ҫˣ
ӥٴչȲ֪СЩҶЦܸоΪȫܿˣȫˣ
ҶЦЩ⡣
Ϊʲô
ӥΪʲôͻȻأ
ҶЦȻ֪ӥֻǺܲˬɱɱС࣬ʵȤ
Ϊӥйѵ࣬ʵܲóԣ
úܣ⻹ᡣ
ЩϻǳġϴΣһץסһԣǼһһʺЩûѬӡ
֮һ仰˲óԣ
ҶЦ֪ͷӥʲôԻߺ꣬һߺҾǸˣһθڡ
ǶǸӴɱӥԵˣҶЦһظл룬ϼҪģ֣һӵޱ㰡ְ
ҶЦֽ˼ΣȻСûӥֿʼŭˣɱֿʼŨ
һʶ㻹ˡ
ʵʵһצץôôܶ㣬ͼ㣬ܶá
ҶЦۼԷֽ֪ǣӻһͣһͨĶУӥ֣Բԣ
ʱҶЦѾͷˡ
Ѿֶˡ
ǽӥ»ˣǿԼҪʮһúˡ
ҶЦеģȻһöͨѪɢŵ
Ƕ֮ǰ۽ߴѪ
ӥ״۾һɣ˵Գ
ᣬң
˶޵ӻû£ѾѩμֱͺҪըһ㡣
ҵѽҶЦȫԼԤ벻ǽӥ࣬һѪһףתӡ
һӳȥɣȴȫ׷ûֻҶЦﻹһͷֱӷ״Ӵܣǵλñȥˣһǻȥȥɡ
˲ٹٳӥԶô֮϶ˡ
֡ˢһͷһƬڰУӥһ
ԾҶЦǰ棬ݵصסȥ·
һ˫ԲԲ۾Ͽ͵ҶЦ򻺻£צһֻһֻͣʯͷϣһ־ļ˶ȡ
ֻǾôʯͷϣҶЦУȴѾһͷո˵
ӥ۾ҶЦһ·ڶζļȡ
ҶЦ״ε̾˿
ӿͶ·ˡ
һķٶʵ̫ˣ
Ī˵ˣԼǰ۷ʱٶҲ򲻼ġֻҲ̫ôˡôǿļһԼȻû˵
ÿһ־ǳ˵ʱܻĴҶЦ̾ѵ˲ã˶ⶣ˿
˰죬ȴûоӥڶץ
̧ͷһֻֻ˶ĽӥأԵ۾ԼšԼ֡
סզ֣ҶЦ״һ㶣ʶʳһ伫ȲݵĻ
ӥԵ۾צ΢΢ĶһֻͻȻſ֮죻һֻȴһȦ˹ֻӡ
һˣ
ҶЦʮԻĶˣ
⵽Ǹʲô֣
˵ôôԻأ
ղŻִţôôʵˣ
ѵŪң
ң
ӥͷȻЩɻעҶЦ֮УЩ˼ͷؽٴĵȡ
Ȼǹؽ
ζ
ҶЦеһɵۣզأͷӥô̬ȱˣôһһأ̫˰ɣ
죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴ벻Լ˵ʲô˵ˣòƶԷҲֻٴ̯̯֡
ӥ״ʱŭˡ
ڸװͿ
̤߹͵ҶЦǰͣ׼ޱȵصסҶЦ֡
ҶЦ¾һ㶣ĵѵӥûˣֻҵ֣ˣҪЦˣЦʲôӢۣ˼Ц࡭
Ԥ֮еľʹֱʹûмʱϮ߸׼ȷһ˵Լֳһ΢΢ʹо֮⣬ͲҪƤûơ
ӥҶЦķţ࣬˵ӥҲͰˣȻװͿ


184 ջ
֮ӥû
һ˵Ī˵ǡȫûɱ
ʲô
ҶЦʱãȻˣӥ磬ӥүʲô˼
ֿӥԼֵһ˫ԲԲĽɫضԼƿȥԲԲ飬ɻζ
ͽӥԣȻ벻ͨղžֻһǿźúóԵӾƾճˣѾֻץסˣôɶҲûУ
ײȥˣ
ѵֱҰҧȵȡɱȡѣһҧȴûУǰæһҪôأ
ţˣȻ֪˿϶֪óԵóģȻҲصã
һˣٶȱŭ಻İɣҶЦ֣ҶЦǲͷĽ
ӥ
ҶЦȻǲӥģȴоԷƺһ֡ҪʲôȴҲơ
˼֮䣬ɵǰһ̽˵ҪǸӣɫӣ
ӥ״Ĵ³򣬶ʱɳʯ
ӥȻ״ӲãҶЦ·һԼѪõģ
ֻҪþͺá
Σδ⣬ȻϽһ֣ͳһţ
ѪĵȻǰĵӥۼóԵ֣۾ʱһ
ۣ

ҶЦһҽС
ĺȻһѪ
ӥһȻΪζǰڣûע׼ͷΪóԵϵܵҶЦģ˳֮꣡
׽źóѪĽӥҶЦҽвһЩ֪ãȻ̧ͷѪڿУȻ˾׽Щֵ̿ĿҶЦѪ֡
Ȼ֪ԼСĸ˻£кóԵ˵˸Ūˣ
⡭Ҫˣһšɶã
Ɀ쵰ݵġҶЦŭһָԼѪ֣Կŵҩͺúó£ʲôû˸ûؽҵҲĸʾӥϬ
ҶЦզզƺޣķֿʵȷʵȻȻѪã
ֻҪѪãСñƤСʲô
ӥѪԼǰȥһķŭĻɵҲЩ˼æѪһ첱ȥųУ
Ȼ֪ӥĺΪΣǸ⣬ȴԶ׼ġ
ߣҶЦһڼãȻѪʱ˶ҵɱģǸ˻޷ʼ޷ǱڣΪΪ⣬
׸զ죿
ӥٹҶЦͷʶΪҶЦЩ̿֡
ˣǡԺǺĺóԵһܳ
ҲǣҪ˭ҲŪˣ϶ˣﻹóԵģ
ǸĶǺúóԣ治дľѪԪǿΪҲܵˣ̲Ԫ塭
ɲû˰
˵⡭Ͳó԰ⶼġҲǴʱһѡûɶðܸóԵȡ
ôһĥ֮£ӥʱеš
ҶЦ֪ԼڽӥĵλԶԶԼóһѪңͬһ̯㣬֡
֪ǴУԼѪõĶ࣬óԵö࣡
ҶЦһԿ˼Բߣȴǰһӥ˶޵ȻѾԼǰ˿̡ë׵ĴͷЩֺõԼ˵ϲ˲䡣

òơ·𡭡񡭡ڡǸ
ҶЦ͵صɴ۾
һѲɡ
ҶЦһҲǵ֮ͽۼƴģҲ̽šСĵڽӥͷ
˵Ľӥһ˿ԲԲĴ۾ҶЦŭ񣬱ǵҪŭˣ࣬Ȼͷ
ҶЦжʱˬ
ҿռӵıˣŪӵ壬ԸĨȻĵ
ߡ
ҶЦһ֣ȻֳһѪ
ӥ״۾һֱҲŭˣҲ˲ɢˣ۾ţε˼Ρ
ҶЦһѪԼתߡ
ӥ״󼱣æһԾҶЦǰɻĶҶЦߣУ
ҶЦܲˬָָԼ֣Ѫ֡
ԾĽӥʱǸȻ˰ͷ
ҶЦһֻ˸ƣ漴۾һǲתͷߣ˼Եĺܣ㲻ɶҲ̸ˡ
ҶٵȻЩôˡ
ղŻڵҪôܱôھȻΪ˲һתˣƢˡ
ɼ˵˼룬ίʵŻıģһ˲֮𣬱Զ
ӥ۾ҶЦıӰãȻ֪ĳУľᡣ
漴һٶȵҶЦǰ棬ųסȥ·
ҶЦЩ˳
ӥӣʵһס˲ߣֻҪǹСӡ


185 ò
ĳ˵ϻһƬҡͷ֮࣬ٶͳѪл˻ΣװڴָָԼѪ֣ȻָָԼõ·
漴ĶȻˢջ˵·Ӷ˺ˣҲŪˣ˻ռˣ㶼ҸӣȴȻҵĺöռҵıˣôõ顣
غһ
ӥԽǸȻڰͷĽУȻ⶯ˣֻɣִֻצڱַ̧¡
ҶЦദվã֮֫彻ȻԶʤˣȻδȫӥ˼ȴҲİ˾ŲʮˣӥľٶȻڽǽѿԣ㲻ҵͷǵߣ
ֻǽӥϾǶ߼ûʶҶЦǸоԼڸһ˵Щˬʼ漴ֽѪóصıȻ
ӥ۾ʱֱˡ
ҶЦûջأֽѪӳȥӥһ쭳ѸɾؽѪԥôཡһȥֵĺţһ˸㵸һ㣬ֻһ˿ɲҪʱ쫷һ㣬ûбʵѩ黩һ˲ʱѩϯεء
ȫȻûд˱ʵҶЦʱǺһڱѩȿȿȡ
ת֮䣬ٶһͣȻֶѪӥʱ۾涼ð˴ѵĽ⡣
ҶЦһٶĶֽѪתߡ
˼ԣҪȽӥͷ
Եⶫеǣǣ㲻ҾͲ㣡Ǵһǲң
ӥȻˡ
ҶЦ߸һתӥʱ˹һ첱ӣѵסĳ˵ʹסȴֺСĵĲҶЦƤ⡣
ΨСƤܴнⷢӵĻᣬɴ಻ˡ
㲻ߣ
˵ɶҲߣ
ôĺóԵġ㲻ˣ
ۣ˵ǰӣ
ҶЦǰ棬ʹǰߣӥں棬צ˸һ㶤ڵ棬ͣʹصסҶЦ
״̬֮Уһµı仯ԽԽԽԽԡҶЦԽԽ
ҶЦһĺݺǰߣӥ򲻶ɽסɿڣҲԽԽȻȻγôһĳ档
ҶЦȻʵزȴмޣһһӥڽϾΨһĽעٹƬ̣ȫ⡰žһˡ
׼ҶЦۡһſ˵ϣȻˢˢˢǰﻬȥ˼ʮɣֻӥȻҲΪȻʧȥʧȥƽһ˶޵˲˱ϡ
ҶЦӦѸ٣һͦˢˢķɹȥӥǱȴڵһʱûצ죻ƣԼȻһŪˡŪôǱ
ҶЦӸ´ŭôĵҪʲôӸ򲻺ý߻ôôʲôҶԼڽڿİƨɣôİ·ȫŪˣôɶ
ӥ۵ɾǻֲ̿ԲԲӣȻ޹գ˼¡漴ǹؽ˼
ȻҶЦ˵ŭֱŪˡ
ҶˣȻ⻹ô棿ҶЦŭȣ𣿾ģȻҪóԵģҪô
ӥǱ״ڵϣԶԶؿǸǱ߷쭣һҲҿˡ
ղǵ̺İƣѾȻ޴档ֱһСϱ
˵
ҶЦԭսսΨֶһӷüͱˬˡ
ȻϿС˵־
ǳһ˿ңֺĴĴϵһ
ýӥԼȵʶط˸վٶȿҶЦĽ
ί
ȫôҪǲܵĻ
Ҫǲ㣬ܶ
ôܹôʵء
ӥҶЦȻġ
ʵҲûߡ
𿴽ӥһСģ˫ʵ̬ƴûбǰƵӵоצɱҶЦĽӥֻҪΪΪ״⣬ҶЦԶ޷ȫ
һһӥӥɫ׳ȴһãϸ鲼ƨɶǲסˡ
ȴüֺӥȴǴͷɥήҲ
òҶЦٶ»ɽ֮צ
ӥһ£棬հߵϣǲԼһ㸧ҡͷ
ҶЦתߣ֣Ȼǲɶ˶һֻģĵˡ
ӥס
ٶţ
ò


186 ɵĽӥ
ʡ
ӥγɵؿǰΣϹ˺þã˵ԼĿԡ
ҲǲߵϣҲΡ
ϧǣ˵ЩĪ˵ҶЦҲö˼ҲֻװֻӥҡͷĶ㼴תߡ
жٿԡһ֮棬ǲҾˡ
ӥһٴסĳˣһ˫ԲԲĽͫ˺죬ͷҽС
ҶЦֺò治ǲĲ

ػʮΣӥǺɫģ˺ôĵ裬ζġ
ڵ˸߰ͷ
ò

Уͷҡͷ
ӥίڣص˵ͷ
ҶЦ״ϲǰ֣ҪӥԴ
ӥڱܵʶһ㿪ĳ˵Ĳ֮֡
ҶЦŭʱͷߡ
ӥסҶЦ·ͨԻߣӥٴסҶЦٴŤͷ򣬿ҲԼǰĴһ
ֵıֳһ֡Ӳˣơ
ڣӥεˣٴסҶЦ֮󣬺ܸɴؽԼԴҶЦĻﹰϴ͵ֱС
ĶС
ҶЦߵıߣӥǱߣƤĽԼԴҶЦĻգҶЦ㿪ӥٴգֶ㿪ٴ
֮ǰҶЦҪʾƣӥǽӥҪʾԼĳ⣬ȴֻҶЦϴˡ
ִֻ࣬ͺ̱һ˵ɶҲˡ
ӥĴԴѾĻҶЦǲ
ȷرȥһϢϡô㲻ҾͲھıҪҶˣ˭ϡء
״ӥ꼫ˡ
Ƣôô
ǰҪҲϣҪˣʲô¡
¶զ
Ҫ治񲻾͵ǸöͳԲѽ
ӥˣȥȥ裬۾һ
ҶЦһӥ嵽ԼǰֻǣνӥͷҶЦĻ꣬ǡֱҶЦֶȥˡ
䲻ݷӥͷѾҶЦϲ¡
ҶЦסˡ
˸ȥȶʵȻôһ֣
ʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
ڱˣ˼ȶʵĽӥ˷ܵشһͷĽУֵľǴһʤ̡
۹ڱˡ
Ѿ췹ˣ

Եǰ״ҶЦν֮
ҲУ
ǰĽӥһҲˣҲˡܸøҵɡԶ׼ԶӣһҪѣĳ嶯
߽հߡҲĽӥڣΪܹñһ¸˳ӡ
⡭֮ǡ̫Ԥ֮ѽ

֮ҶЦһʯͷϣɫٲȻ
ȻţֻпЦЦЦѣ
ӥһ߶ţԴֵŤŤȥΣҶЦһ֣ͣڰУӥææΨֵԼԴֻڰյϣҪԼڶԴֻԼͷϸʵһûȫԼͷڶ
ֻ֮ͻͻȻһŵҩ
ģ
ģ
úó԰
Ҹ
ÿְ
ˬ
ǰĽֻ˵֮ҶЦѾӥദ÷ǳǢˡ
ӥ˼һʯţҶЦ嶼ʵڽӥϣůůģȫȻо˵صĴ̹Ǻ壬ӥĶƤ΢΢ĽҶЦȫԼ֮¡
Ҳ޾ռð
ڶӥĿԵһ̡
ҶЦһֵ顣
һ£ӥͷȻĵķ˷ۣ漴ӥ߰ĽȻŵĲ߹СצӣȻ£ӥһ£ûж
ֱȻ£ӥһԹĳͷ
漴ֵĴ˽ӥϡ
ҶЦоƺǷʲô¡
ȴ˵ʲô
ţС㣬ˣ㼸ˣ˶ͷ
ߴߴӥʮˣأˣ
Ű໡߰ģСƨеòүǿڣ
ӥã
أ񷭰ۡ
ҿһôô޳Ǹ˼˵ʲôʲô۸ŪСһ̫ûгɾ͸ˣ

ڽӥߣʱʱץһֻһֻĴʭҶЦЩ࣬벻ĽӥϾȻôʭӡ
нĶ˵ԷôʭӣǼֱ޷̵顣
״ŽӥôôأϾȻôʭӣôģ˿㡭
ӥĵͷ飬Ҳû취Щطҵ͹š
໰ޣҪҽڣǸ͵ףֱû
ӥ޹ؽеʲôޣͣûⶼʲôʣΪʲôôôߴأ
ҶЦҲһֱоֻӥȻʵǿ׵ľ磬ò̫ЩɣȫȻµĸо


187 
ԽӥսۣĪ˵ڵԼǰЦҲδУ˵ϬǣҲֻóӣ
˿̣ͨϢ֪ԭֻӥھȻŲֻʮѣ
Ȼһԣʮ߸ͷӥѳ꣬Ѿǲꡣǰӥ˵ʮ꣬ȻԶԶĳ̶ȣֻԴѣ˼ȫûг컯
˼ά£ڷǳɵĽ׶ΣȫƾԼϲ£ҲΪˣűҶЦѪ
ĻɳĽӥĻϻֱɱ˶ᵤҶЦˣ˼ֻ¸Ѿһ̯ˡ

Ȫ
ڵð
ҶЦӥٽһʱ֮󣬱˴˵ĹϵԽԽܣӥȻɴҶЦͺһСͻȻȫϺѣѵ֮࣬ҪӦһҪԼȥ桭
ҶЦֲӥĺ⣬ֻ˵ǲ̫ȫȻܣֻø
֪һ·֮ⷢ־ѩصɽȻôһȪ
˳ԾǣˮȻȫǹ̵ġ
ϲĶϴ衣
ԼҶЦϴ裬ҪҪӥϴ裡
ڶԣýӥɾǵǰҪĵ֮
ΪӥץôĴʭ֮󣬶ǸоԼܲͷӥݡ˿̿ȪܷŹ
ĽӥԴѹûϴ裻ͻȻҶЦˮ֮Уݺݵˢϴһ١
֮ʱӥէȻȪ֮ڣ޿ɱĺ˼ˮ
࣬ûвˮģϾˮУ˿óȻӶݵˮУĵų̬ȻڽҪŭʱȴȻ֣ףԭôˮȻǺľС
УǳõԼˢϴëϸĵĴͷˢţϵƹ֮֮ȥоȻȫʧˣȡ֮ģȴ˵ķɺ⡭
̫ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
˹ȻǺˡĺ˰
ǽӥݺݵˢϴһ飬ҶЦٶҪ뿪ȪʱȴһȻȪﲻˡ
ԲԲĽɫ۾޹ҶЦòһȣǲ
̫ˣôõĵطҲߡ
ҶЦһĿɿڴҲУ˵ˮôôأ
ӥжԴҲƣػطȥཱུȪѲ֪ټǧΣȴ֪ȻôЩֱǰ׻ˣ
ˮˮëʪˣ͸ˣôкˣϴøɸɾЩɦоһȥأʵ̫ˣľС
ҶЦԴȻûиð취ֻŽӥһ᣻˳ιӥѪȻӥѪȥ֮ҶЦȴʱоԾ
ӥ״Ǿһ˲伱ǣȻ󣬾ʹһҲˡ
Ƭ̣ȻʹϣʼһֵģŨŨȳζ
ءҶʱһУСצűӼ˰ָ֮ݳԶ̫ˣʵ̫ˣֱҪүˡ
ӥԲԲ۾˼һƲסʹࡣ
ѵˣҶЦҲ㱻ͻĶζѬ˹ȥῴӥʹ࣬»Ȼ
ӥίʹҶЦ
һҶЦϣϵˣһֱѩصĵطţ缫µϺѹƣеıܣ֪αס
ȻʱѹƣȴԴﵽεĽ
˴ΣҶЦȪн˰죬Ȼо泩ȴ֮˾ˡ
±ҸҶЦԾСϽȥڽӥϸϸĲ鿴ӥƺ֪ҶЦڸԼ鿴ƣȻʹûǿסһֻܱŤָԼϡ
ͼȻ£ҶЦ֣ڽӥϣһطԵڲͬǸλƺëࣿ
СĵļȴһϺɫ׿飬׿мλãһССס
׿飬ղŵʱûСҶЦüͷѵΪ¶ȵı仯ŵƼ񻯣ܹ˺ǳİң˺Ǻ찡
Ȼҵ˵ĲλһоͶðˡ
ӥȻʵǿᣬȴΪֻܽ绷ѹƣҶЦʵȻãƣȴֵڻ£
ҶЦСĵĽӥ˴ƤпӥֱʹûҽСȴһҲֱͣӲȪԵɽ֮С
Ȼӥģ֪ҶЦʵ跨ˣͨݣʵѵã
룡ҶЦһϸҵ⴦˿ڵסһϸţëĺɫϸ룬ӽӥȡϸϣɴһ룡䷨
룬һ䷨ĳ


188 ӥٶȣ
Уһ룬ѪҺУҩҽܽȫѪ⣬ոɾ
ıɱվһͷϷ֣
󲻵ǣͷӥ䷨֮󣬾ȻôãңԵǰӥ֮ʱҲѾʱ⣬Ͼڳ֮ʱ׶ѾҲˡ
ҶЦһ
Ȼ䷨ǽӥ
ӥνʲôֻԱ츳ܶȴǳɹһֱڡüµϺԿ䷨֮
Ҽôã
ûнյʣܼȥҶЦ֮ǰѾ߹ӥʵþǰԼҲУڿƾӥ䷨ȫˣʤκһλԪ۷ǿߣ
ҶЦȡ룬Ȼ˿ΧĸȫСϸҩ֮ȡһöƼĽⶾ룬óһöһ˽ӥ
ӥԽⶾٶȣɱ֮ǰѪҪöˡ
ȫ֪ܵʲôԼкôʲôԼûôŵƼĽⶾһó֮λ̵ס
͸ҽʹĺöӥ˷ܵش󺰴Уգա
һ½ⶾ֮󣬽ӥž˯ˡ
ԴһᣬֱӾȪ˯˹ȥҶЦ˿̾ԱߵĻֻأʵǿò񻰵Ľӥʮа˾šȪ
ҶЦŽӥȪ߳
״̲סһЩֵצ죻۹ԣҶЦ˼ʿŽӥȴһֻܣһֻ졭־ı
νޱȻܹô𺳵Ļ棬Ⱳֵˡ
ֿʼ˶ëѩϾֻʣЩڵĲҶЦھȪ֮ûˣϽӿռץһϣȻֽҲԼ
жòвеģҸĿҶЦ
˺ãڵ䰡
ȻͲ䣬˵ĺҲܲܰңֱ˹ĵĸоȷʵǺܸ߶˵˵
ֻǹ֮󣬶ŷ֡ҶЦ֮ԽԼòƲΪԼ䣬ΪҶЦԼ䣡
ŶֱӾ͵ǱһůĻ¯ȴްҪů͡
һĶƵңίΪңû뵽Լˮһ;Ҳ̫ĸ˰ɣֱƸûް
ֶд֪ҶЦĺܹ֣ɲǱڻůůĶ
ҶЦȽǰоů͹ˣֽ˲Ȼ˺󱳣Ȼֱӽм䣬׸ӣһУֱӾǶɶӴ
ؿ飬ȴʼղǡ
ڣҶЦҪƨɵůһůƨһжʱ򣬶ˡ
Ҳ̫޵¶ˣ
ůůҲͰˣůůҲͰˣھȻҪůƨůɶಡһԼʧװչˡ
Լȥ޾ռ
ҶЦһߣҪĳץůԱߵĽӥȴжˣһ뵵ˣµѩ÷顣
һ̣һȻһչӴһվ쳤𳤿գһĺȣ̬ƣֱӾ˵˷ܣ
Լüƣڳ׵ĺˣ
ӥڳֳƣ֮ǰҪǿֹһ
ҶЦԴ˱⧲㱼ѱӥѩ˿ڱǣЩΪ֮Ϣ㣡
ҶЦһŭȡ
ӥ״Ͻ죬͵͵ĹߵҶЦǰԴȥг˷ܣòƻֺá
˰Ҿ֪ǺˡǶ㰡

һ·ҶЦһƼĸо
ʵϣҲȷʵƼ
Ϊȫ״̬µĽӥȻֱӵҶЦԼϣȻų򣬷ֱ
ҶЦԽӥĶһϽֻֽס˽ӥĲӡ
ȻЦĵ죬ڷϸ߿֮һ֮࣬ҲǸоЩͷĿѣˡ
ؿȻһʱ˳òҲǺ˷ܵӣһֻצץŽӥͷϵ̽ͷ̽Ե¿
ӥٶ𽥷ſëһѽҶЦ˹̶Լϣǡһ
ҶЦͷŽӥƨɺһĿռڶѺüֱ顣
ԲۣȻô죡
ҵǰٶȾάּ̬ơ
ǴҪ찡
֮ǰ׽֮ʱһ˲ٶȣνҶЦδ֮٣ԶĳٶӥǰٶȱȽϣͣҶЦжǶٶȿȻǿ쵽㣬Ǿֻôһ˲ӥǰٶȴǿɳģٶȱȽϵĻòƻǽӥʤһ


189 ׽ӥ
һҶЦ˴ӥӥ᳤һ·ǰٷ裻ٶԽԽ죬ûмһ㣻Ӧ֮Ҳûܷӳٶȣ˿˺ˣ˷֮£ȫζΥļٿС
ӥΥļٷΧڽӥŵҶЦֲƬ̾ܲˣ罫Դڽӥ棬ȫ£ҲֻñôһСط¶ڽӥӻ֮⣬ǾôһС©Ǹо쫷ͬһԼиһһ£಻
ȵӥˬˣͣµʱҶЦλƵӥоԼòƶģ˶εġ
ѾķôʲôҶЦڽӥͷ£ҪЩΪԵЩ㱳ˣ֪֪ǲľ˰
ҶЦӥ֮࣬ĿŵĽԼλ˽ӥľˣȻʵܽӽǺû壬ʩˣ
ӥĽ޹ĿҶЦͷԼĴԴ䡣棬Ǹ⡣
˺ˡҶЦ̲סҪЦ㻹Ǳȣûá
ӥĽ׶ŤͷƺڶҶЦ˵סĵط
ҵļң
ҶЦĿĹˣɵһסĵطһͷӥܹĲã
Ŀ˶˵һľͷӣ͸⾫ϸ£Ķ̡
ֻǿľͷӣҶЦܹȷһ㣺ǽӥôԻôͨ飻ⷿӡԲܹǵģ
Ҳ˵ӥˣҶЦʣԼ֣ҲŪôɫĽרҵ˲ŲΪ
ҵר㻹Ǻзֱģ
һҪ˵ӥġҡܳϱߵ¡òƾͻзӱϵһܴܴġ
ӥҲȥ
ǽӥѡ
ȻһͷӥȻҪסռмʮɷԲĴʵе̫˷ˣ
ڷмλã÷һʯͷɫڣƺ滹ּ档
ҶЦϸϣֻʯͷϵ֡
ϿͣϷ쳾У
һ֣ӥִۣ
ݺƼ䣬ˣ
޵к󣬶ݼգ
ǧɣ߷壡
ҶЦһ
ô˭
ôĴ
滹һС֣ڼӥУʮأӥѣ׽ӥ֣׻֮ǣշԵ
ƪûҲûϿ
ûͷûβôһλȫû߱˵֡
ҶЦ˼ţͻǰһһ¡
ǧǰֹһλ֣˳˫ͣͬһǣһȴޡ
˫ʹٳ徼ղĺ쳾ǰֵʱֻж̶ꡣ
УȴǴ޵֣ʱĵһ֣£Ҳδ߹С
ȴһϦ֮ʧӰ٣˭Ҳ֪ȥ
˭Ҳ֪˵֣ĸȴǵãÿһֻҪλ˫ͳֵʱбȻֻ˶Ľӥ档
ÿһճֽӥʱ򣬱ض״
ӥ𣬷ڣ
ֵں伮֮Уйء
ڴ˵ص֮ˣ־Ǹ˫ͣ
ԭλǰ޵֮󣬲û䣻ѡ֪ɽ֮ϡ
ɽǧ֮ߣҲȷһ߷ˡ
λǰֻӥӦþǺַ׽ӥڿֻǷ׽ӥá
ҶЦţֻǰʱ㣬г룬λǰǧǰʯԣӥѣʮꣻȻŷ졭ôǰֻӥôֻóʮ߰ѣ
һڣȻǲ̫ˡ
˼ҶЦٽע۽СֵĺΣ׽ӥ֣׻֮ǣշԵ⼸仰֮У˼˺þãƲһܻĵȴòӽʵĽ
Ǿǡ
ǰͷ׽ӥ˫ߵĴӥģǡڴӥ֮󣬽ӥѷĳضطضطȴһܹԶϮڡ
˲ϵȡȻ֮ڲ֪ȡ֮󣬲ŻȻ
˵ӥΪֹֻסʮ߰ĻôöӥѾ˫Ǽһǧϵ£
ǧ׶ʹŷСӥ
⡭
ҶЦü۳鴤
˫ǼһҲģһöӥѾôݵȻҲˣѵһˣֱӽӥѹˤˣ
Ͳ̫䣬ӥ޷˳
ͲһʲôҰ޳֣ӥˣ
ǽӥɹһͷŸոշССӥʲôΪʲô
ЩȻȫܣܲ˵һߣ˳ͷβ˦ִƹ
ֲһ仰ǡԭˡ˿̵ҶЦɵһĿŽӥ
ģֻ֪ԼֻһĺӰɣ
㻹ױƵãۣ¶ף֪


190 ǳ
ⲻ֪ªŵҶЦŶԣ׽ӥ֣ͲǿĸΨȻʹ򣬲ܹηٳ御
ֻӥһֱԼĵģֻؿԼĵڸߴţϵؽ׵֮⣬һæҲǰﲻϵġ
˵ԺΪλ𰸣ҶЦҲ֪ܿˣ
ҶЦڰ˼ʱͻȻӥ˷ܵһȻȻһһѵߣŤŤٶȿ켫
漱ν쵽˼㣬ȻӥһͷȴǾӭȥٶȾȻȵ绹죡
ֻۡһӥӴӥһУǵȫȻûб׵ʹˬƺҲһ˲֮˼֡
׵粢ûΪһйԽԽܼӥһϲ׵֮裬׵ϣȴܶɰ˺ͬ˾ѵ̲Ʒζͣ˺׵ĽӥͷԽԽãҲԽԽǡ
ԭˣͷӥ˵ãܲ磬ؼΪҵΪʳҶЦսӥ૵˿ӥƺҲȫϺѹ䷨Ķ룻׵Ҫԭ򡭡
֮׵罥ɢȥ
һʢĽӥͷſƺں܇NɪĴкǱǸˣһãкˣ´Σ´һǴ
ҶЦͷϵĶ״תͷȥм
СƨȱүѪȫѣĳ磬ϹǵСС۽硭
ֻ˼ǳĽӥȻǽƫͷ˱ãĹУһȳ
ҶЦȴ߽ǼСľݡ
ɽߴط궼ᱻ׵գľȺȴǾǧĥûа𻵣ҲͨĶ
ҶЦִСľݵʵأֱӲңһδƢȴԶ壬һȻҶЦִӿռȡһѽһȥ
ᣡ
ֻһ΢춯漴ҶЦĿɿڴ
һֻһ⾰Ҳȥ
ľĵļ̶̳ȣȻҶЦҲûмĳɫ
ȻҶЦĿǰΪǳֻԪƷɱۣĸ޾ռƳɱҪ࣬
ҶЦڿȷһԼδʡ
ͣ㣬ʵ
ҶЦ˼붷˺þãڻǾǰ˵סǧ»ڵ£Ǽźˡ˵ľͷҲ֪þӦá
ܲܡɹӴ˰ɣ
ӥߣػص߶һǵҵĵ̵ӣҶЦʲôԱ߹ƺڽܡ
Ȼ˵ģҶЦҶЦģ˴Ҳã
ΨжһһۣȻֻɵǳߣҿѾĽʲôУѾ˵ΪöôΪǱүô
ɵ񣡶
ڣͳͳһ֮ҶЦ뿪ľݣӥȴûиŸ˺һӥŴ٣ȴһѽһż
ߵҶЦǰ£ſйֱУԼʮָˡٷ˷ܡ
ʲôҶЦһ𽣣ֻожȻһѽķҲгٽ֮ϵϿ޳֮òƮƮĳȴȫȻû뵽ķ
˲ò࣬Ҳò࣡
ϣ
ҶЦνʣֻһտɫĹ⻪Ȼ֣һѽϣâӳء
Ȼֹϵɫ⻪Ծͬһӿ
ý
ҶЦѿڳޡ
ڽĽϣ֣ǳ
ҶЦһתֻٶǹ⣬֮ҫޡ
ԭνǳ֮ɴ˶ҶЦһӿռȡǿڽѽ޻ٵضԿһ¡
ᡭ
һ᲻ŵҶЦֻоһᡣУȻֻʣ˰ؽأȻǳȥˣ
ңֱҪиһŰֽҪɵġһѽͶˡûзײ
⡭
ҶЦӼ˳ѽҪʲôز
ҶЦԱֻ֤ӽһ޶ԼӿռȡǿڽʵؾѰ޾ռռ֮õıڣ
ǣǳ֮ʣȴǲһݿһĶȥˣ
ڡǳҶЦԽԽϲʽӥڽ͸ң


191 ءֱ
ӥͷɿü͵ǱżҲ͵ҶЦǰƺʲô޵񣬿ֵС
ҶЦżһֻдĸ֣ǳס
ֻǴôһ֮żȫ׵ػһ⣬ٽҶЦԺ֮УҶЦʱоԼʶ֮Уƺһֽˣн䣬ǳ档
˳ֽ֣Ŀӽ⣬ǳǱȡǳҫ֮⣻һĺƽһ񾪣һǬ
ǳһʽػ־һǳ
⻺ƺҪҶЦÿһÿһʽÿһϸ΢Ķ
ֻǽһҶЦȫ񣬱Ȼ˹ȥôվţһˣʧ
ֻһȻѾ֪ȥ˶á
ҶЦãȻ״̬֮ȴֻоԼžž죻òƷǳʹ
ҶЦתȻڳԼ⣡
ҿܹܴ裬˵һ֮ĺ֮ޣ죬ɱ֮ⲣ
һȴԼǰһżСצžžžĴԼ⣡
ҶЦ˲ӯصŭʱ޴йˣβųŭСӣѾ뷴𣿣
һץס־һ
һȻδ澢ȴǽǻ߿룬ڣʱһͷȴĳί״ҽУãȵĴ۾棬Ȼίˮ
ҶЦһѾĴҶ⣬˵Գ治㻹ίˡ
״ŭָֻţƪۣҶЦףԭԼôվ﷢һнȻѾһҹ
ҹһôҲвѣżҪΨֳʲôõ飬̲סԡȴøҶЦ
Ȼǳں⣬ʼǱץС
ԭӡҶЦæڻ˺ˣҴˣûûصһޣػίӣ̫ʧƸˡ
أָֻţ߿ߣأɵ˲ʶģأĺĵ¿ηΣ׵ض¶֣أ˼һȫΪ㣬ȴԴ˼ң˼ҡ
ǹԹǬţ
ҶЦٺһЦ췢ССƬ̾ͽҶЦõõӦ֣ԲˬŵȻǶǵãԺεĵҲܴ»С쵰Լᡭ
۾죬Ƶһƫͷ˵ˡ
Ȼ㸧Һ鲻ôİɣ
ֱǡֱˡ
ӥͷ߹ĽУŶȫǳЦζҶ˵û°ɣǵҪȥģԼԼҲ˰ɡ
ùˮʲôӥôǲϴѵһǲСġ
ٶ֮죬ֱ׾Թ϶ݣӰһ֮䣬ȥ˽ӥͷϣСצճȭͷһҡ
ӥҽУȡ
ҶЦ˺ô󾢶ڽһèһӥֻֿһأԻ໢
б£ҵȥ򣡡ӥһС
סһ죬ʲôطҲܴǱģҪû죬棡
ҧ¾ԸԺݺݵĵ˽ӥһۣˤβ߿ء
Խӥʵ˵򣬻Ҳˣ˵ʣûĸеһ飬ûҼкţ

ҶЦ߷ϣһ졣
Ȼһߵʱ򣬽ӥأᣬһֱҶЦ͵ɽ֮£ǰٰ㲻÷ֿ
Ҫʵ᲻ңɴ͸ҴȥɡҶЦŽӥͷ
ڸӥԴĶҶЦѾ켫ӥԴҲ޽٣ǺĸΨжԴʼշ߷߲ƽ˵İֻңһ˵ģȻֹȥˣû
ӥȫζһž޴ӥͷȥһֻ޴Ȼͻڶ
ɶ˼ʱ䣿죿£ꣿܲʮɣҶЦһͷߣ²
һƵԱ߷룺䡭
ҶЦӥ֮תְ룬Ȼְҵǰ취˭ֻͬʱܹ˽ҶЦͽӥԣ˭룿
ͨתҶЦ죬ףӥĸĸµһЩлûȫգЩΪĶҲûϣʵδ֮
Ҫʱܹɡ
ڴ֮ǰǲ̫ܳԶġ
ϾӥȻǿ󣬵ȴûеǸ֮ʱضܹȡĳ̶ȡ
ȴйϵ׽ӥԺһչǰ;Ҳίʵ벻


192 Ϊͻ
ҶЦͷһȻĵȥɣԺпյʱ㣬ߵ֮ȥҡ
ӥĽԴҶЦϲ˼£Ŷ˵ͷмΪԼ룬˼һ֮࣬һʧʡ
һֻǰצס죬Ц
ҶЦɻתͷǰצµһ
ҶЦ֪ղŷӥĻţ˸ۿۡ
ӥһ򣬵¶ëʵ˼ǣ£ҾͿԴɣʱȥ㡣
˶ķȴֱӸӳʮꡭ
֪йϵҶЦԴȻȻ֪ӥҲһϲͨΪĺܳɹ׼ȷȴ벻ʹ˻
׻˵úãӣĪСˣڴȴСˣĪ
ءߣһͷСǻʮ֮ĳ֣̫ˣռôöͲһֻˡҵóʱ䣬Զռһһ죬żȻǻгģʮ׼ȷŰۣҶЦͷ϶׵˿йһһ
ҶЦɽͷ£ңɽде֣лȻ侹мξо
⼸ͺһξ
ֻӦ˵ǣһüĹλã
ϸɽȥʱɽĿǴдɽ
ȥȻ͵ƬȫʬǵĵطһȥȻȥ˱֮С
һĻҶЦо˼⡣
ĸоӰУֱͺǡ
磬һͽ뵽һ磡
ֱѩļ硭Լ֮ǰɽҲжΣȴ֪ﾹȻһ硣
ԴˣҶЦаشɽԭ·һγۣȻԾ棬ϸӣȴǸԻˡ
ʲôѩ
ʲô캮ض
ʲôûУ
Ŀòľ£ٸ֮ǰıɽѩȫȻͬ
ôһأ
ܲǡ֮ǰıѩͲɽ֮˷׽ӥЩ飬ȫһΰɣ
ʣʼճҶЦĵףһֱ˺þ֮Ľ⿪顣
оǡ
ٶɽ£Сϣ겻ЩֵʱҶЦз֡
ǧ֮⣬ںȣȻ΢ȴ춯һбײȻֻһ
ȫȻѹϸϵʱȴʲôû֡
ҶЦϸղŵĸо̲סش˸¡
ǧ֮⣿ôǧ֮⣿ҶЦȻעԼ֡
ڴ֮ǰҵȻҪԶʤǰͬʱڣҲͲܹ֮ĶһҪȫעʶ֮Уǧ֮Ķղŵĸо
ǧɣһףһǧɣǾǧס
·֮Ķһ΢ԲĶ
ҶЦһȥ
Ҫ֤һ¡
ǧ֮⣬ǷĶ
һ֮䣬ڵԪĴ߶Īӿ𣬴ӵ𣬲˲䣬Ȼѭ˼죻ڣڼ䣬СڼûиоԼ
ⲻ֪ҶЦԼǰ״̬νѾȫľˡ
ǵģҶЦ֪Լǰ״ֹ̬С
Ծ山ſգԪ
⡭ҪԪֵ߲ܳԼɽ֮ǰֻԪƷΣôĪǰƷ
ң⻹ԼһֱѹƱΪǰɣ
ڣԼ֮ǰûиоԼʲôʱͻơ
һУ٣֮޺ۣƾĪ֮䣡
Ī
ĪΪԣԣ
񹦹˲Ѳȫ뵣ԶԶȥƾٹ£µķΧ
ɣ
񹦵ڶٵ۷ڣ
Բľ磡
ֻҪٽ벽񹦵ˡ
ҶЦֱӾˡ
⡭ôһ°
ΪչͻǺ£ڣҡûô
УĵСԴӹתת˰βͣ˽ȥУıóѣ͵Цĳɷ֡
˵Ͻ˵⵽ôһ£ҶЦһѾͽ˳
ءҲһָֻšƪۡ
˵ǰһֱѹΪڽεԵ֮£ͻȻˣͻˣ



193 Ӱ̿ͣ
˵֮ǰɵЩڲϵתʹҵΪ
¡
˵ڵĹ֥ܱȡ֮Ѿռ価ͬˣ
š
˵֮ǰӥʱԳԽ޵ķʽҪıûγɰˣһ·ϵĻȫ
ء
˵Ȼƾ֥֮ʮ޵£еǰĽʲô
ס
˵Ҫ񹦽ΣԶǰг̶֮ϣҵĽԶԶֹڴˣȻʵã

ҶЦ˰죬ֿʼ˷ܣ޾ɣȫһһشˣֻǻشЩʱԽ˼ˡ
үҸоܵ裬Щ˳£ȻȻ֪ôΪʲôҪ޾ϸһһϸʣбҪô
һ֮ҶЦˡ
ǰ߽ӥǴμѹȣвԼԳԽ޵ķʽıΪޣԼԭΪ˶γɰˣԼ֮ǰһʱĻ̫ˣ仹Լ˳ɹ֥Եĵ̣ǴγԽޱʱ򣬷ǵûγɰˣΪǴα󣬷ʵɱ䡭
ΪԼ֮ѧǳȻֻѧһУǳռ壬ȴɹشԼΪԼ緢ķʽǳ衭
ô˵Щɬۡ
ӦǣҶЦӵеΪʵֻҪܹ֮ӳܹóǳһʽ
֮ǰΪ˺ʵһֱѹţⲻԼǳҹ棬ȴн֮ȫͷ˳
֮ǰΪΪԭ㣬ǳΪһˮɣгɣһж붨֮УܵɣȻûκθо
Ȼ΢ȴ˳£ȻȻ
˳µ򣬻ΪҶЦǰʱĻۣʵ̫̫ˣǵѵǽսȻһߵȻǡ֥ӥ߷塭
ǣص߷֮ϣﱾԶĵط˴ܵĸΧҶЦȻûдﵽȫܹոľأַΧƶͻΡ
һ˵ģֲҶЦʱĻۣȫùˡ
˿ռԳӯ֮⣬ҶЦľѾȫˣٶ»ۣۺ¡
ҿֿһ۽磬ҲܹҶЦ°ͣоǲ˼顣
ˣԼϷϡ£Ͷòɼˣôˣ

Ȼ⿪ԼΪʣѩӥԾɺبͷ֮䣬ҶЦһһѾǰ·ڡ
ȻһɭɭЦţ㻹ܣߺߣô棬ɱôˣҲ˰ɣ
һȴĮ˵ܣҪܣմֲǻƽСආռ˱˶ѣҵһΪֵ¼ɫǰˣ磿
Ѿ;ĩ·ʱĵزȴȻǳ˰
ƺһ߸ϵˣһ˵
ҶЦҡͷҪʵڣô˵ҲͰˣ;ĩ·һΪûСˣô˵ȡ
Ȼ
ƨɭɭŭ漴žһ죬Ǵһ⣺ޣ⹷Ӳ֮ǰжǾӵķ²ٸӲеֶ㣡Σô
ǵĮһĮ˵Դ̤֮գûŻȥźȴҲˣûʲôֵúڣΨһЩģȴǱץסȴίʵǳԤϣȻʣСס
ǸɭЦһֳ־緢Ӱ̿ͣٺ٣벻ҲɣҲһɳһ죬ֻҪѺȥŻ࿴ԸԴĺô
Įν˵ôڴ˹ϲõһˡ
ɺٺٵЦֺǲ̫ˣӰ̿ŰţǰǰҲѾһʱˣȴʼû֪ʵݣҵҪúÿӰ̿͵Ŀʲôӡ
ĮĵɣΪŵӣݣѵ֪ʿɱĵ
ɹЦʿɱ裿ý֪Ҳһã֮һʥࣻôһеʥŮǿӲֶǿռ̳޵νĵ׵Īɾ֣ͣϵ¡
ҵĵڶãǿߣͺһľǿߣƽֻӵĳǿߣݺ˵һ߸ϵƶǿߣƶˣ衭ģҲԶԸ㣬ֻὫЩǿ߽Щͨоåȥ裬Űֶǿߵ裬Ϊּ飬ô


194 һΣ֣
䵭˵㲷ڲԶ޷Զᱻ˿𣻶㱾ˣҲԶֻһĽɫԭΪûжǿߵľη֮ģӲǿߵĽˣٳҲֻһң
ɼ㶮ƨΪǿ֮ģŻô֪еУһо֮е㣬һ֮ϵĿУǵζûᣬˣ
һ߸ϵǿߣū裬ôôΪΪ㣬Ǻ죡
ɹЦ
Ϊ˻УǰĶǲΪЩҪôǿʵʲôߣĻ䣬ҵ㣬ˣҸôЩʲôô˵죬㶼ҵֻҰڲ
㣬Ӱ̿ͣһ֣ɱ˭ɱ˭˵һƶ˵ǿߣԪƷ۷֣ڣУΪ׸ǿߵƶ֮󣬾ֻһͷβߣʵٶ֤۵ȷ
˵գ㼴ӻȡһƿҩҺЦˣǰϷ̵òˣڿҪúÿĿʲôĵϸҲҵĹͣһ
ίȫȻܶ˳̾Ϣһ۾
ڵԼ;ƿݣһĲҲûУԼƽﷴƾͿС˿̾ȫΪ
˼ΪΪ⣬޼ƿʩ
Ҳֻͽӳ
ͷһһʱ䣬ѾǧҵĽ£ôҲֵˡаţֻûܹų׸ƽ¡
ΪҶ籨ƽź
˰ˣҲһ߳ƤңһҲ˰ɡ
ı۾
ҩҺۿҪϡ
ҩҺЧܣȴܹеαװϴһɶ
ȴֹ
Ѿоһ˲䡭һͻأɣ
һȻҼĮ
һڶδ˲ʱһ嫽ͬǣȻ䡣
ǰһ̻־ĿЦһȻоΣǸо·ǱһͷԶѪ޶ȻסëȻ
һҪ֮˲ַһ˵ĿĶҪӰ̿͡
Ҳ˵̿ʹ˿̾Լ
ոҪݵƴۻأһץϵˡ
ɵ̴ú죬ʵȴǺܲпᣬ뵽飬ǡó֮Ҳ뵽ˣһ֮⣬ֹ½ӽӰ͵⣡
ۣ
һȻһѪɽ
ɵ֣ѱȻһȻն䣡
ͬʱһֻźݺݵڲɵǰأ壬ֱ߳ȥʮɾ룬䡱һײһŴϡ
һӰѾվڲӰ֮̿䡣
֮ҶЦ
ίڵϣ;ƿݵӰ̿ͣͻȻоһȫͬȻԼˣʶʵѣ˭
ҶЦг˸ɫĺ⣬½ֵǳ
ղһǳţСԣԷâһ๦
˿̣ɱעŶ棬ѪĲɣһ̤ǰȥ
ɵΪֻԪƷΣڵҶЦ˵ֿɰܵĶ֣Ī˵ԪƷԪƷ֣ҶЦǰҲȫû˿Ŀ֮
ֻҶЦƣԽѹƵģ
ѩһôУǷϵ׵ҰȺУҶЦͷҲأʵ
Ӱ̿͵Ȼһ¡
ѩ
˾֪֣
˷ûлͷңȻҾ֪˭֪ҵʵݣ
ô˭أ
ȻɣǺѩ˼ʵģȴһӰЦУ޸Ǳˣץס
ѩ˿̵Уɢ˵Ĺʡ
ƽݺ£ܹ裿
СϺףȻ۸ҵͷϡ
˳˺ޣܲ
ã
ҶЦƮƮȥ
ǱߣٱʵĲʹĻβҽУĪһֻ־ûˡ
Ȼôһ֣
һȻԼȫ޿֮أ
Ӱ̿ʹвһֱǶôһʼնƾһ֮Կô˿ôᡭ
ǻ֮ʣ˸٣ҶЦѾͷϿա


195 ͻΧ
ɲҺһǿһе˭Ҷ£֪˭ôóȻ֣ΪУɱС㻹ס֣סְǸᡭǸᰡ
ᡭ
ҶЦλεĳǰȥЦЦĵʵôʲô᣿
λѡ˵㲻֪ʼĩԵɣóȻ֣Ȼң³Ҳ㣡
Сݸɵϣʹţѣв֪ҿڵĵմӣ˼׽ڵУǧҪ£ҿڵ洫ӣؽҲϵġ
߶ŵģ״εĻȥǿԼĸߴݣԼԼؿƽϣϣ֮˵ɱģи޺ڡ
ԼΪʲôҪѡ䵥жȷһ˺ۼ֮ʱʽͬŶ֧±˹ͣܶŰǿߵĿС
ϧһ֮ȹԮĶӾء
ڵĵմӣ洫ӣóߵݰĲƽҵĳôҿǶһ۰ҶЦü
һ⻰Ϸæ˵밲ģһۺգԽʲôֻ֮ҪΰңֻӸΪѣҲ꣬ǵĵ˽ңǴһ
ǵˣԺ㵽ڣŵϱ
ҶЦһ°˼˵治׷ȥһۣȫ޽٣ôã
׷ֻҪȥˣӵĵͷʰ㣡ҺҹҲԣʹ꣡
һҪ֪ʲôϡ
ڷݣѪ۵ȴŬƵı飬и֤Բ׷ҵ˸֤һʣ㣬Ī˵֮һۣ۾Σ
ҶЦԵͷͻȻһƺݺݵľˤڲϣһʣһʣһֱһͷײǲ׷ǵ£һҪ׷أ
˸ôʲô˸ԣ
žһ
ɴ˼ͷոϣްһƽʵʵĳϣʱһͷĿѣֻоǶԼǰˡ
ٰʮӣ˳ȥ
ҶЦžͳ˹ȥһźݺݵĲĴϣһɿзһ˵ĲҺӳ˳飬ʹյ˹ȥ
ȴһȱҶЦ飡
ҶЦ˫۾Ҳ޷ôȴ֪˫ȾΣ֪Ƿ˵޷
ҶЦһסȥĲɣһ˻ӭŵӰ̿ɻĿ⣬ҶЦܸɴ˵ﲻ˵ĵطҪʰȸߡ
һűϣ㼴ɷ˵һŵҩӰ̿漴žžžĴӰ̿ϼѪ˹ҩ
⼸ƹѪַΪϵӰ̿Ǵ˵мңȻ˵ĺ⣬ֻ˿ʱж̣˵ַȻΪʵڲߣʹҩȫɢ
ԶѾɻؽеǱߺвҽ
ӿ֮˷
ڵĸ֣Ѿ˷
ҶЦһֽ峭һ·֮УˣһӱɣƶУ徹ȻƮ漴һХ
Хδ䣬һƱһԶԶҶЦӼһķӭȥ
СڵӺƼһ¼ӹҶЦ֮࣬ȷѼıϣ˫˫һ֮ͣͣһ㼫ʧڵ·ͷ
Ƭ֮󣬸ղŵս֮ӰĿӵŵѪղŷжӦþټô᲻ˣѵϮ
ѪѪ˽
ܿ죬һ˵ȷ˲ɵĶơ
ǲɵ֣оˣǽͻԶˣԴӡ̣ϴ
ɵ־Ȼ˿˵ˡȴֽžʧء
иղһХʾʲô⡭
Էô̵ʱʧӰ٣ȫ޼κ˿Ǹ֡
Σ׷
Ǳ
죡

ҶЦСڱϣӱޣһһ㣬ڸֻΧʱҶЦ˴ѾһΨһķ϶֮д˳ȥ˲ʱʧççɽ֮䡣


196 ˭
֮УҶЦеӰ̿Ϳȥ˼ŵҩһ߷ɳۣһֻʼյĺģΪҩ
һӰ̿ܵɾʹˣۣȻСƽȣһ˱Σ˵ĶȻ̫ˡ
ȴ֪ǱҪġ
Ҫԭˣ¾ı˰˽ˣ׼ɡ
˿̵ѾָЩΪһ˹ҩһ͵۹۲ҶЦвϵ˼ˣ˭أ
ˣ־ˣɾ䣬ϣɱɱвˣϣ˵߾ߣûаԥӸ濴һ֮ϵĳ֣
ң˷˺ΧȴһХкǰ漴ѡĸΨһһ·Ψһһ϶ежϣ׼ȷ
Ҫ侲ޱȵʶԵʵȷжϣ
Щһ㶼С
Էȴһ˲䣬ûоǣȻȻˡ
һϽ
ֳڴ׷ɱ֮еϽ顣
ǿ䣬ôء
ȻʩչΪʵۣȷʵ̫󣬿ǣôһпôĲ߼أ
˵һھ͵ԼʵǴһ˵˵ǸԼǳѡ
Լ࣬ȴǸͲʶһϤĸоûУȷûκߡԼĴмңῴ
ô˵˭
ԼӰ̿Ǵûиκᵽģ׽ѣҲ֪
ƾʲôܹһ۽Լϳأ
ʣƣλӰ̿͵С
ۣͻһգһɽ֮С
ҶЦ˷𣬽ɽȣС׷ȥ˿ͣǱԾˣӹȿֱȥ
һһʧӰ١
֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
ҶЦӰ̿ȴȻʧڹȿïܵĲݴС
Ŀ˶˵£һȻб£˽ȥ
ҶЦȥˣ֮УӰ̿£һֻȴǽڵϡ
۵һ
ֱϣֱ飬ᱻݺڵϣһֱԲѵȻʹѣһҽлδڣͱҶЦݺס죬˺ƺߣ漴һȴ˹ȥ
ҶЦƽϢϸ
ãӿյӹȿҷ׷׵ķӶ
Ǳߣ׷
ƥÿ죡
ϻôӳǵİΧȦ
ٿ죬Ҳǲ̫ܳãֻҪ׷ˣǴһ
ǣ
ҼӰѾ
µ˭иȣþʵף֪ʵݵģָ֪ǡ
Ӱ̿;ôɱ֮ⴴ֪ԶˣԼԭ;ƿ֮޷תϢԪԷΪǳ㾡ΪƹѪԪҲǱˮнΪ̣ǶԷϸԼõĵҩÿһŶǵƷһɹӿԪԷڵнαԼѾȫɺԵĵ»ȻֻǴϵô̵ʱȻѾָ˰Ϊ
ǧҪСΪܣԪƷǿߵİΪңЩҩʱݣûȫӳӦЧ
ҩЧӰ̿;Īˡ
ʲô鵤ҩ
ȻܹԼ;ƿݵĴ֮ˣô̵ʱָһָһΪ
ȻԨӰ̿ȵԪǿߣҲȻ
ҩҲǾ޽У
УִԼˣ˭
Լô
ǣԼͲʶǰˣ
˭⻹治һ仰仰˵׵ġҶЦЩɬЦЦǰ˻ظΪҪһεǸЩʲôؾôĶֻȫ׷ˡһǲϽã£һǶΣյúܣظһ֣תһ֣һ
Ӱ̿ͳĬһ£ˡ
ٲԣϥ˹Ԫ˿˿ƵԪ£
ҶЦһȻȥ˶λã񾯽䣻ʶͬһ˲ɢ˳ȥ
ڸղһ·ϣСһ·ۣʮҶЦȴ뷢˲ˣ׷ѰʲôȻֻǾһƳҶЦѶϤЩ˾ŵ˵ӣɼΣδ⻹ûмԶЩԼĺС
ڸղţѾ˳Сڼ۵ķ׷ȥ
˴ԹƣһΧӰ̿͵֣ҲҪˡ
Լһٷ⾰֮Ӱ̿ȻվлҩѾָΪ㹻ӦǰΣˡ


197 ѩ
ҶЦԵͷӰ̿ͱأԪǺ˵;ƿҲ֮࣬ǰЩҩܷӳЧҲǵز⻹Ӱ̿͵Ϊ񣬵Ӳ˫£ָܻز࣬ȴǳˡ
ҪһתȫָҲΨпӰ̿ԼȥŬˡ
ظʵӰ̿ѾСˣֻվ˿һߵĲɣ¶пЦݣ֮ĺ
ҶЦȻĺĵ̲ס̾˿
һıģһһǿңɿ϶ҪѪùˣ
ֻǣʵǴҶЦԤϣһ̣Ӱֻ̿Ƕһ£ȻһԴ˻еĲࣻһɵĽȻ˲ʱʹ඼ûУɾĻ߾Ȫˡ
ҶЦȻΪӰ̿ͣѿʵΪʲô
Ӱ̿͵ЦЦҵȷ޴ˣһˣֵרȥĥɱˣҲͰˡ
ҶЦϵЦ󣺡⡭Щؽϵ簡
Ӱ̿ζŨĺ˽ңҹ߳µϰԶ֪һԾ벻˭ղ˵ʱʻʱأҵⲻ䣬˭
ҶЦº͵ЦЦʵҾǺܲ⣬Ϊô䵽ôǱľأ˰ɣ
ȴǽˡ
Ӱ̿ϸϸעҶЦ֪²ԸⱩ¶ݣҲ׷ʣһ˵һΣȻ˶Է壬èɡ
Ӱ̿͵˵ҶЦҲ֪ࡣ
Ӱ̿͵ĺѩʱһֱŵڵεģʱ޿̲ѰһᣬֻҪ䵥ɸ֣ͻ
ΪġҰĴɱȻ
һΣ֪мܳеĸ֣ȥִһʲô񣬱ؾһеıؾ֮·ϣѰֵʱ
ڵ˹ȻˣһоֻˣΪ̫֣ݣӰ̿ſȡǺȻȻڳɹɱһ֮ȴȻ֣ԼȻذΧ֮У˷Ȼȫڵĸ֡
ʮλԪƷǿߣΧˮйͨ
Զ׼ΰɱµ壡
Ӱ̿ͣϵɽձˣ
ȻƴҳΧȦһ·սһδεսУˣƲϼأ񻯣˼ǧ֮󣬸;ƿ֮
һ·ϲϵټŵӲΧˣһ·ˣǰǰѾмǧ˲ⳡΧˡ
Ӱ̿һս֮֮ѣȴǱ¶٣Ǹ˲ɷټ
ȷԷѾ֮Ҫ̹֧ͣͬǰʵϣɲɵײҶЦѾóˡ
һΣҪǸ³֣Ҵ˿̾㲻ӣҲѾѺȥˡӰ̿ĮЩԣ㵽˭Ҷ˵һл
ҶЦĬһ£ŵʮ㣬㵥ƥżе֣޵úܣβ£Ҳһ챻ס
Է˶ڣӴ󣬶Ըһˣʵ̫ס
αʣͣһͣȹʱ䣬˵ҶЦóȻǡ
Ӱ̿ʹһ㣬ֺγ֪ȥһһ֮ôҲš
ΣҵĳԱɱ٣ɱɱΪ֮Ӱ̿һһε壬һεıʣڳôˣȴҲδزһᣬٻָһЩͳȥɱһ
˵㶼ӣҪɱȥȥɱˣҶЦǳ鴤һ¡
Ĳ֪ҶЦоӺơ
֪ļһȻǺѩ
֮ǰϹ׷ᵽģнͺѩ
µıѩͣ
ֻڣҶЦ뱩¶ԼʵݣҶЦ˽⣬һһԼҶЦЦôԺѩƢһ̾͵ñܲ˵ĳȥ£췭ظꡣ
û˳Լɣֵɽѣ˳ѩôˣ
ϾλͣҶЦʵ̫˽ˡ
һϿһ麮ЦɱҲû˵ֵģʵϣһ롣
ھ˴Ӳ˵ĸԭֻΪԷ˳ۣ


198 
ǶԷ˳ۣһһֶ˵
ǶԷ˳۵ˣҶЦЦ
ôѩܹ뵽ҶЦжĵز
ֻҪúѩ֪ҶЦţһἴʱ֪ͨ˺ͲԹǣȻչһıж
ڣȴԻʱ
ֻнЩֵܶͽأ
ԣҶЦڵǰ״ܾᣬںѩӣѾˣƫִ൱ز
ʵڵҲ˵ͨģ
ߣҲֻԼʵݵƣֹܹ
κˣֻ¶У
վǸ˵һ䣺ʱΪҶЦˣǴӳһ¡ѩҲν
Ȼ㲻ԣĺ֣Ϊʲô֪ҵʵݡѩҺȷ֮ǰûչġ
תͷעҶЦ
оɻ
ҶЦԲڶ΢ЦֵܣƴˣǱѩ񹦣ɾʧˣ˼ԲѩѩԾʹ𣿣
ѩ죡
ѩৡһվҶЦ㣡ǡ
ȻʱšһƷһӰԳɽ֮С
һ񣬵һʱͶϡ
һЦӰֻ̿ͣ©Ȼż©֮㣬ҲݲԶǺǡԭ벻ȻͬãڴһܻҲʡ˲ٹ򣬶˳ϵı
ɫۣڵӵƴ硣
һδϣڶͬƷӰ£ʦ֡ףӰ̿ͣ
ˣϹˣѾ׷ٵ
ĸ˱˴໥һۣоͻֳεĪϲ
ĹͰ
ƽյӰ̿ͣȻʣجΣǴ˿̵Ӱ̿͡
Ӱ̿ӣѪۣˣһʮȥ˾ųɣһһ￴״̬Ȼãʵȴǳϵĵ͡
㣬ҲԪ߰Ʒӡ
һúܡ
ȻôѾʵһǼϼһ˵ʵǲֵһġ
ΪʵԲףͨζһ£Ǵ˵ʶһܸߣֻҪСһЩ²ѣⱾǽͨд
ϣȻȡͬʱóۣ
Ӱ̿һԵתͷȥ
һҪԼ˵ݵϸԼβ֪ԼһӦ飬ԼȲҪ֪ۿҪ⿪ˣ⼸ڵĻ쵰ôģˡ
һڳһԶԼӣ
治֪˭ǵţ
Ӱ̿ͣѩһ̵пνǱģǼıԵѾ
һȺ˶ǾҪѵһ᣿һôô
ҶЦתͷⲻƣϲɫĸˣɵҲЦЦԶ׼ǵõȻˡ
ѩһ˱ѩһ㣬ͷõ̫õģ⼸һҲ˶ʱ䡣
ĸ֮УΪߵһҲŲǵԪƷһʵԼָֻΪԸҲ׾٣
һλԪƷֵʵͬɹ۵ĺܣٿһλԪƷ۷壬ԵֵаƷڣ
λľѹƣǲݺӵģ
һ統ҶЦδͻԪ֮ǰһȺԪ׵ӣǽһңˣȻƾôľջʤʵʵԴˣȴȫ˸׵
һͻԪȻֻóףȴѾԷŰͬеӣǽλѹƵʵ֣
ԻظʵĺѩѾǿܿ£
治֪ĸһΪλܱһľϲǰȲ
ȻǾͲȲˣΪǻǵ壬еĸоǿ϶еģϲȴǾûУ
Ӱ̿ͣˣν־ܰɡ˵пһߣһĲŰ׺˸žϲĹâϵڱڵԴϵĪϲá
˵㵱ܴӼλѣʼƹ֮澢Ὣ㱾ĺ𲽷ٻڵ㣬Ѿ;ƿ˰ɣͲҪŵֿˣ־ܣٿһЩƤ֮࣬Ȼͼң翹Ҳ⣬Ͼܹȭȭ⣬ʰһǿߵĻᣬеġ

Զ׼һߵҶЦֱӱ˼ӣĳ̲סƵӣɣɲֹһˣ޷֣ǻ𣿡


199 
ҶЦڵΪĸ˹ȻòƵЩ仹λ׵Ĳ࣬ҶүԳۣ˿̰ಫϵ޾ƣҲκι˼ɣⷢӶãҪĸˣĸˣòƻĲ̫ѵ顣
㣿ĸתͷƺǸողŷҶЦƵãȴֻԴһۣͲĳүо̿סϷζ
ϼΨһڵľֻȷӰ̿͵ˣ˴˿νǺõ˼㣻ۼӰ̿һˣص˺εȵز
ӰΧȦȥʱ򣬿飬ǰصƣ˵ǱҲˣ˵ƹ֮ƾʱĥ಻Ԫ
״±Լ˶¸ţﻹнҵأ
˵ʲôˣ
ƫƫʱһСȻ˳ӢۣҪӢ۾ȡɶ
ȻҶ֪Ӱ̿͵ʵݣ˻ǿȷģȻҲǲݣӢ۾ɶǰȽϺʣ
ֻǣһȻһ¶˵ף޷֣ǻ
仰ֱййĲҪ̫ף
˵Ӱ̿ѾûˣǰƽҾͿΪΪˡ
ⲻС׵СС׵Ľô
ôһֻС񣬻Ӣ۾ɶγ˵Ρ
飬ᵽʵĲпɣ
һĺѩüëȻſЦõĵ˵ۡ
Сӣʾյ룿ģ
ҲҲҪô԰
ҡϼҶЦԷʻƺЩη漴һͦҼңϴ󣡡
Ҽϴ
˫ڵжԵλĸһôĻػҲ̲סҪЦ
ôС⣬滹ǵһμ
ҪڷжԣúõĸһСķ绪
ţǸ㶨㣬϶ȥҰݷðݷõġһߵЦЦļˣҲȻеܾϲοôһύаֿݵģ
Աһһһͷ˵ϴ󣬸ϽְɣɱīˣЩŵɶ˼ٿɿڵС⣬ûԵﻹûζҪб˸Ϲ⹦ͣɾͲǸĸˣϽİɡ
λϴɫһĺȵ˵ĲҶ֣»Сӣ
˵ǸԵʱһĲбһֵֻһӣһһӿ®ѹһ㵱£
˾ûкΨץ˻ģͲΣ
Ӱ̿ͺѩۼԷ֣һžҪų֣
ѩʲôˣǵԪƷǿߣ۹εϬĸڵܹĶȻһˣΪԼ˵Ǹ꣬һΪʵ̫ˣǵԪߵĶ֣Թѵڡ
Ī˵ԼжֵֻʣһͲ˻ɱܻ
ϧҪ֣δֵһ˲۾ͻһģҪɳۿһŵϴ󣬰춼ϲ£
ԭǼ򵥴ֱǰĻʵ̫ˣ
𺳵üֱˣ
ֻУǸƮݣ̬ɣȻ̤һ̤һȻ͵ǰһһתڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣݲȵݳŵľΧȥΧ
ѩдмңһ۾Ϳ˳ȵһ̽ķʽ˺˶Էľâŵһһ˺ѴݻٶԷƣǰһѾȫѳԷַΧһһתǵĪ⣬ҳڵζ׾Թ϶ˡ
һ಻ԪƷΪڶԷԪƷĹ֮£ȻԵӦ磬ڣ
ңԼƺǡЩ죿
һ㣬Ҫ˵ԷߣǺѩˣҲǸо˲˼顢˼⡣
ھеǸһ޹ɫʱһڣ֣һʱ侢գǵء
ٲȻһɴΧ޲𹥻ļƣǾǴҶүΪֹ
ҶЦȴǰһ㣬һһǰһһһתһת
쳣ɵ̬ڶԷκһĹ֮УöȥԷ糱籩꣬ȴʼһ½Ҳմϡ
ȻһζĶܣް㷴ȴйս߱һζĸоһλԼ԰ͥŲ񵭣ʵȴǸ߸ϣ¡
ȻЦⲽȴȻȻ͸¶ԴԹľ֮磡
ЩоԴͷȫΪʩչ


200 
Թ۵ߣ֤һĻ׷׵ɴ۾۾ǲ֮ɫ
ѩһʼҲͬ𾪵עţֻǣ֮ҶЦڶʩչײʱ򣬺ѩ۾ͻȻ΢ı仯
ٹƬ̣һɿǰĿϲһζ۵
УȻе
ѩ˿УνǾκˣҿʲô⡭ײ񲻾ҶĶžѧ
𲽷
Ҷ統˵һײ֣ǽ𣡡
ֵԴҶԼܣ֮£ҲûκβܹһȡΪбײ¡ӳṦȴҲûǷ󣡡
⡭ҶĶ
ôꡭҶĳĹϵ
ѩ˼һʱ䣬Щ
ǶԼɽȴ𲻴Ҷ磡
ٿĹרģζ
һ̣ѩ
һȥӰ̿ͣרŴɱŵĸ֣ΨһĿĲΪ˸Ҷ籨ѩծô
ΪˣΪҶ羡һһ𣿣
ҾҪ˶֪ЦҶЦû⣬ûΪ𣡸Ӳûֵܣ
ˣЦֵܣԾɿֵżȮ
ΪĿģΪԣȻǻҲϧ
ҵҶȵãΪҲӦ
ȴû뵽ǣҶȥĽ죬ԼȻִһϣײ
ˣҶĴˣ
ѹҡ
ѹῴҵݡ
ѩۿʪˡ
ʱս֮еµı仯
˸ǰüˣǸڸֶȻһΣӰһĻû˾ŵĲӰӾŸͬ˷ȫȻǵҶЦȻҪҶЦ޿ɱܣڱɱ
һߵҶЦԭγɺ֮ƣ;͵תһ£㼴һӰˣһ֣δԣԷֻľŵӰ˲ˣֻΨһһӰǸ߱࣡
ӰΧ˹ƣȻȴδߣҶЦҶЦȻһƲӰȴҲƶܵӰ죬ߵĹȻѾ߱ܲΨӲӣ޻ٵӲӣ
ߵΪԪƷ磬ҶЦԪƷ˫ʵ⣬˿ߵĹߵĵزҶЦȻѹԵƣڳս˶֪ף
ҶЦһ֮ǰƲӰıξޣһ֮󣬰ĽȴƺѾעˣ
⣬ۼ˫ϵһ˲һȻ⣬ͻȻǳһֳ
ͬʱȻԴͷҶЦӶȻһͦĿƽӣĮޱ飡
ǶߣԹ۵ˣֻǺѩȴͬһʱоһرϢֻ˵ǷΧ
ͻһȫǽ֮ıƴ
һλϵһūẉ̂
֮
УΨ׵ǸԪƷֵԣռƵĹвս߽⣬Ӿҵزһ£ɫһӱ˲ҰףްѪɫ
ǻȻһʧҽеǾ
δ䣬ٵȻ⹥ǣԭȻĪĽâȻԸӻԻӺյ̬ƣӭ£һƬ޾Ի͵Ľ֮Уһ㺮Ѿһ
ۣ
λڸϾ֮ɫ̴棬Ǿ߿ȴѻίڵء
ĶͷϣһѪԼɼ
ĺףһѪͻأ
һ
һɱ
Ҳ벻ԼĪ㸲
Ϊûпܾôɱֻ֮ǰսУѾоʩչ޷һɻԻ£ƺǴ˵֮еġЦĹ
бɹе飬ȫʩչǿУ˼һпɷֻӰһʵȻӰȴְʱԻΪʵı仯ǿƶԷγķΧ֮Ƶ֮У
жϣԼֻҪʹУȻԿҶЦҲɲһƴĻᣬȷϣҶЦȻʱϤ˰˼һİ֮ȴǲɱһͣԷеƲɱĶˣ
ϧȻ˿ͷȴû׼վ֣û뵽Էʱ̣ʹµľ
Цľ
Цڽǧ꣬ǿΣյĶ֣û֮һЦѾˣҸѾϻˣЦڵ壬зǵû˿Ǹӵǿ
ΪӦ
ΪӰ̿͡
кܶܶΪ


201 ѩ죡
ȫ˵֮Уȥ֣ʮ֮ооŸ룬ԴͷΪλֲЦ
֮Уڵ˵Ӽÿ˶ңҿЦѾˣǻšֻӵʲô̶أ
ҿЦŭģֱɣ˵ı֮±˼˵ĳ嶯Żôˡ
ǵЦûôѡԼĸڰΪѡ
ǺĲ롣
һɢɳߺǿ󣬻ɱܾˣԶšһΪûĹǡ
ҶЦǻţһɢɳͲڵӡ
ǵΪУͥҲûпܣ
ЦĿֲνѾͽ֮ġ
˿̣ͻȻų϶̸֮ɫЦƽλڸȻǱɲǼ侹Ȼһ¡
Ȼֻһ¡
ȴҲ˶Լ
߶ԵУһ˲֮;ԵĻµľ񽣣
֮ײ徣
һͨܵȻӵеԪƷΪȻΪʹĳ֮Ҫ߳ȼ
ǡЦ޻ٵıƣʵľƥǳ֮
ЩؼγɵܣֵܵģȫעҲΨ޽һ;˼δսӣս߽⣬Ҳսʹ˶棬޵ڶܣ

ֻǣڵʱ˵֣ȴԾԱߵĸһ
ڵ˱ĴҪṥӰۣ̿ͣǴ˼Ȼ֣뾪һңȻûü֡
ѩ£ֻΪɳ˴˿϶һ
ϧĺѩ֮ͬУǵйâĶӰ¸Ǽ֣ڵҲңֲѩֻ¾Ҫһè룡
Ȼ˿̵ĺѩбȫûˣֻһ

ǾΥľ
ҵּ˾
һȻҶ²ˣ
ڵĵңѩڳ˻һΨһľ֮ȻֻҶЦ
ҶЦһ֣ͣ˴һƬΣͬʱһȣϹĥʲôأϽָ£ѵҪǻȥ𣿡
δ䣬ǱѾڵĵԪַ񹥻˲ʮ
Էһ̣𺧣ֻƾܱмܣһʱ侹Ȼȫ޷
ԪƷȻһԪƷƵæңȫ·硣

죬ȴλڵĸִæĳҶЦǳһϣ
ǳķǰ߹һݿһ㣬Ѿնϣ

֮࣬Ѫ֡
Է֮УȻѾˡ
Ȼû뵽ԷеĽȻϬԵ
ǱߺѩҶЦһʾ˲ʱ
Լö԰ԼϹϲʲôȻ²ңϹĥˣ
˵ףǰҶ絽ʲôϵ飬ȴ϶Ϣݻȥȥ
ȶâһ԰νһƬɽѩ֮˲ʱɽȡ
ɱ
羪κ˵ĿһĽһû
һ̣ΪҶЦġЦˡܣѩ֣һ־Լѹ׵ĳ
ѩ죡
У֮ǰ׷Χʱ򣬶ûжù
һ¶Լʵݣ鷳
ѩ˹Ȼ£ʼҲмҵԼһΪҶ籨Ҫ˼ȴԸġ
˼Բѩȴܲ溮ѩļˣ
Ǵ˿̣ΪסˣȴǺԥȻ֡
Ϊϣ
Ҷ硭Ȼ²
㡭㾹Ȼǡ
ѩ졭㡭Ӱ̿͡
һҽУΪ׵һȻĵˣǰȻһ˶͸ѪһˣŵĿźѩ㡭㲻ǡ㲻Ѿˡô
δ䣬ʹֳһ֮࣬Ҳûж
̤ڤ;ʱ磬˿ѾѩóãɽУһƬŨѪζ
ѩϡһսʣעʬ壬ˣȻҲԻָ
Ҳ֪͵˵˭ġ
١ϵˡţʬ壬϶ġ
ıѩñ¶ݡҶЦѵ


202 ֣̿
֮ǰѩȫ֣Σѩ񹦣ǺѩƣǱ˿ֻҪ˻΢ϤһЩͻµǱѩͺѩˡ
ѩһЦ֣һȻγɣ漴ɢĺͬٴ㺣׷׾£ˢһ˺ѩġ
ѩһգָԭľʬ壬Ҳûκκۼ
СӡȻ֪ҵıѩԻգҲǲ򵥡ѩһ߶һ
ߣ
Ӱһǰһˢһ˳ȥһƬããɽּʧӰ١

Ƭ֮
ԭҶЦ˲ɽȣ˼ȻһƬɧҡ
ڵĺ׷׸ϵһŭӵĺ
ԽԽࡢԽԽڡ
ϵı鶼һ£ǲ˼飺һѾ̣Ѿ;ƿݡƣˣȻһɱ˼Ԫ߽׵ӣԶݣ
ɱֳԵΪɾ䣬ͿԷȥʲôط
ֻһͣԷʵԶʤһϢᱻ˲
ν֮ϢҲǽԼζʶɱȣȫ
Ҳû˻ỳӰܹ̿㣬Ͼ֮ǰɱ˵ӵսУжʵԪ߽۷壬Ȼʵ
ֻӵֶεģʵӰ̿ͲУ
ڵӰ̿ͣ״̬ǽôѾ;ƿݣʱܻһغ
ΧӰ̿͵׿˵ģµı֤
еʵôϢأ
Ӱ̿ӵϢ˵Ծɱ൱ս
߲뱾Ŷǿ棬Ƕǡ
˭Ҳɵӣ˭ҲһһʵĵԪǿߣӵɱ
ֻҪ˾ҪԼСȥǾһˣ
һʱ䣬ڵӵĵ׶Щ̿ˡ
ǶԷָʵ㲻ȫʵԾɱκ˵ɱ
Ǹһ뷨ıӰ̿ͻָȫʵôѲԼ⼸ǧˣ¡ȫᱻԷһһڵĳԵ
Ѷ̳Ԯ˵Ӱ̿ͿѾָȫʵ
һɫϵ
ǡ
ŴѶ𣬺̾˿
һΧӰ̿ͣ˵ŽһһԳŸֶʮһȫһĸ߽
ж֮սȴ۽вսŸ֣˲̶ͬȵĴˣи˵ΪأѸԲŻȷ˶Է֮Щ˶ŵĻţԼҵط˵Լҵط
ֻһɺ󱲵ӴѲ
ȻҲµӵһμ
ˣų϶ԼҪҲŵ̬ȡ
ȻѾȷûΣգеһӣһΧ˶ǿߵսǵδһμĴٽ
ȻλǿѾȥܶǿơѹЩôһξ֮ŵʵӵԣᷢһʵı仯
ͷ˵Ǹоһ壻β˵Ǻѵʶǵ˵ԪƷҲǿԻᱻɱģǱͽŰɱӶһ¶Ĳпʶ
δоԵ洦
һǿߵ䣬򣬶ĺĳӣοӣ

ŵ˼
ҲΪİŲ֪Ǽеġ
Ϊǽǹ
ǿʳʤ̭
ͨεʱ䣬õʶЩǴĺ¡
ȴǳƫҪرҪһǰᣬǾλǿߣʵʵѾܶˡ
λǿ߻ܶأһʵأʵȫָأ
ôһԷųôӣ͵ͳһȺŲһȺӣһͷͻ̾ɽ֣
ֱͽϻιʳ
ɾʵ̫ˡ
еȫ߹£һһκ˶ж
ӵеԪΪĵӣΧӦʣؽսʱ߾ͿԣһҪʾ
˳´һ
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻˣȻɿ޶ȵı֤µӵȫ
ǵļǧϤôԼȥ֮³Բɶ١Ȼ¸ͲܹԼ
ڣΨоʦŵһǿ
ҪȻһλӰ̿ɱԼڵԪƷΪδصֵס


203 ֻһˣ
ԭ㾹Ҷ²ˣһطѩһȻҶЦ񣬾ȻЩζ
Ҷ²˰
ҶӢһĴˣȻҲǷ֮
Ȼ֪ɶʱյͽܣҶͽܵİȫȻƴҲҪΪסģ
ЦδҪǰСһȥˡ
ѩǻϲο
ⲻ֪ҶЦֵһͷߣľλȻ򡯵ĺͣǱ˵
һУΪףҵʵݡڣ㿴ģ㿴ˣһȻðһ䣺ԭҶ²ˡ
ôȻ򷨣
УǴĿ⡭ҿܲܲĿ⿴ңôĿ⿴ء
Ҫռұˣҳҽļô
ҿӦĿ⿴㻹డ
ľôҲŸհĳ˵ħ֮ȳô
ҶЦƵ˵˵ػû³˭
ͻһ仰öĺѩʶһ£漴ʧЦСһ˵ʲôֻأؾͻû³˭ˣΪĲСһʶ
СһСӣΪģ
ѩѾôһȫѾģȻռӱˣ
ҶЦ̾˿üһ˵Ǳѩ񹦡
֪ף϶ʦ˵£ѩһȻʲôֵġʦȻ֪ҵ£ֵܡ
˵꣬ȻȻ֣ҶЦԴ治Сһû뵽СӵĽͦģң㻹Ч˹ĵҩһ㣬ɱʦǿ̫ˣţǵҩľУóһŸʦ壬ҾָˣͿһȥɱķ㿪۽磬ʦֵܣ£ңݿ࣬޵У
ðԽԽˣǡΪġȻǡʦ塱Сҡ
Ѿռұûûûǲǣ
СӣҼסѾˣȻʱ
ҶЦ촽鴤
ҵԼͽܣǵҲˡֻ⡰ʦ塱֣ȴǴģ
òƲͬһʦŰ
ҵͽܣҲǽһ塯ôҲǡʦ塯ɣ
ôզ۵أ
ޣôԼԼƽȥˣѩһռұˣôϵôĿ϶ǱͿˣ
ûҲûϵ֪Ч˹ҩ϶ٵúܡѩ˵ͻ⣺лָҲò˼죻ţСԺ߽ע⡣
ĳ˵ǽѣһҪ۾ʦһཻʦֵѡѣĺѡ
ҶЦУ۾٣ڲپ飡
⻹ǺѩôǵǰҲ͸һʱŻ߶˹
Ϊӵͽôô߶ⲻ߼
λأԸ̸ۣһĵɪĴţļһ
Ͳֱ˵һ䡮Һţƣҷǳţƣرţƣҳţơˡ
Ѿľǽ̵󱲣ҲôԴްɣ
ҶЦ̾Ϣһֱ֪һ룬ȴ֪˻֮⣬Ȼһ񡭡
ϤѩˣһֻǱѩ죬һı˪ƺܶˣĵһӡ󣬾ǣˣܶ˵һ֣
ʵ̫ˣ
ˣ
ϤңܹúѩԼоڴǰҪ˼󡯵ˣЦҶЦģȴ֪ѩ
û˵
⣬ֻ·ϵҲǶһݰ

£
ҶЦĳ̾һѩ죬һһѣ˼ѩ죻ѩ䣻ȴڵºʵмأʥδԣŵģɽ
һһ
ĺѩ۾ԽԽ󣬿ҶЦֱѾ𾪵Щɵˡ
Ǳѩķܾ
֮һֻ֪
һԼһЦҶЦ
ķܾԲ֪
ǰ꣬ЦĵմӣҲ֪
ΪЦͲֲ֪أʲôϹ˵ˣǰСӲⲻҶЦĵӣҶЦ׶ӣҶЦҲԲὫѵķܾй¶
ⲻǽɣΪ˵ĳţ
ΪţŲ
ЦҶЦˣ
ôǰһ֪ģ
һͨЦһӦУЦһĵϵˣ˵Ц²ˣ˵ͨ
ȵȡһܡ
ͨЦһӦзˣЦһϵ֮⣬һˡȷʵһš
ֻǸˡ


204 ֵܣң
ѩĵ׷һ˿ٿҶЦȴԽԽأǼһ˿˿ĲţӾųɾŵĲ˼顣
ѵȻ
ҶЦֱѩ۾ֵܣң
ֵܣҡ
򵥵ĸ֣Ѿඨ棡
ѩȻһ𣬻תͷһŵĶҶЦɫرͨ죬漴ֱɷף촽㡭㣿
ӣǾҵĲŵĿҶЦ૵㣿
ҶЦ̾˿صͷصֵܣҡ
ظһ䣺ҶЦ
ѩԾ۲ŵĶΡΡ˵ϴ󣿡
ȻȻ۾䣬૵ϴҶɽѩˣҺѩضΪģ
Ӣ鲻־һҺѩڣģȻʩΣҶΪ㱨ǵɽ𺣣ǣҲҪΪ㱨ȥΣһҪοϴ֮飡Ͱĵȥɣ
ѩҧ۾ݺݷġ
ǰ߻ܸжҶЦֱӱˡ
˸ȥ
Ҷô˵ˣѾػΪǰһأ
ôӢ鲻ˣôʩˣ
šȻȷʵӢ鲻ʩ治֮òãҰĵȥģ
ҶЦڷǳҪһԴݺҿԴ浽ǲһЩʲô
Ĳ룬Ѱ˼ԼԪôô뵽ǰֻһأ⵽ɶˣɶ˼άɶͷأ
ġҶЦĿźѩӸûôһĵҪʲô˶سǰˣ㻹ôǲû㲻ģǵŪӲأ
ѩԾ·γһ۾ҶЦģԾЩӦãգ۾˵㡭˵ʲô
˵ʲôûЩôģ˻ô
ҶЦصĵһ
ûѩգգ۾ŬϢ˼ƺһʱ䣬òƲ⡢ס
ٹƬ֮󣬲ŷ·γһһһ춯صĴУû
ҶЦȻ緢񾭵ļһһӵĺߡ
ԲۣѩԼͷû㾹Ȼûôûأ
Լͷ۾ұĴСС
ˣʲôôûѵ˵ûˣҶЦһͷߵ
šǣҲ˼˵ôûȻѩҶЦˣֱӲ˵
˸ݡҶЦֱҪ׵ϻȦȦӾûôʲôܲܡܲܵģϽвӴ
ҶЦҲ޷ͣѾ׼֣ȫˣʵǲ֪˵ɶˣòƸ˵ͨ
ûʵ϶ˣȻ𾪺⣬Ȼðһ䡮ôûôûĻ
ֱҶЦ֪˵ɶˣΨһľֻкĳһˣ
治ܹҶЦûʵĳ˵Ļ̫Ƿˣ֪ģԼõֵܣһʱʧԣֻǿڲԣ֪ģΪһԼ졢ԼϽеĴء
ѩԾĴСУ˵ֻԼ֪ʲô˼Ļ֮״Σ֪ơ
ѾıвУҪ㣬ѾıܷΪѾڻұôҶЦüһͷߵĵ㶼ʲôطô㡭ôǴҪȫĲݣ𣿡
ԶԶԡѩγѣԣҵ˼˵ǻǸϽתưɡ
˵ҶЦߣһӳʮɣȻڰзһһŤһԲۣ㾹Ȼûû̫ˣ
˸գ
ҶЦǳʵʵظԼȥʱܱıԵ
һûˣôԼ군ôʲô˰
ϧѩקסҶЦɼĸ伲۶ȥ㺮ѩӲʹһΪʵʵģֻȫ״̬һ룬ԾͲҶЦܿģֻߣȫ޿أ
ʱ֮ѾԶƬɽһƬ֮С
ѩһ·ۣ紵ŵͷƺҲ˲٣߲Ÿոҵ֮һסҶЦһȵļϴ㣿𣿡


205 ֵ
ҶЦûɵصͷ˵ţ
һӶĴôʱĳʱһ㣬ҶЦЦˣ֮ǰǹӾñطľϲѱ嵭࣬˵Ȼ޴Ҳˡ
զôأѩأɣ۾ʡ
ҲǵԪߣôʳлȻҵԪãԭˣҴͷ˵һɡҶЦӽ˵һʼĩ
ȻͼѩͽԴ˹ţˣˣ㻹Ǵһ°ɣղŲ˵ôңЦ˻ġ죬Ұɣȫһ°ɡ
ݣԴǲ˱ɵˣҶЦŭЦ˻ǲòô㣿׳գҲɰ׳գ
ѩ̧ͷһϲϴ󡭡ѵ㡭
ҿһﾹȻթңΪҲҶЦֻǲ֪ѧЦһ书壬̽
ˣҶЦҲ̲ס¶ȻһһЦ֣ƾճ֣žһ˺ѩϡ
ʵܲһĻ룬ɴóֱӵ֤֤ɣ
ȫȻ⣬޻еĺѩһľͷһduangһ͵漴һȴѾˮϲϴ󡭡㰡
Ȼһ˫۽رסҶЦЦֿޣҲ벻ϴ㾹Ȼš㶼֪Դӵ֪ѶҾǸоԼ׷ˡΪ㱨ͷɶҲˣ쳾Ц˼䲻ѩûЦȻҲͲѩ
ҶЦ̾Ϣһֵܡֵܡ
֮󣬺ѩȶЩ˼Ĳ᣺ϴЦˣʵûб˼
ֵĴңǻҪ࣬ǲЦҶЦֵܣл㣡лΪһУ꣬ˡ
ѩἸҪֻҪϴˣһжֵ࣬ã
ͻȻվֱ壬ЦֳЦʵţνѾɱЦ˵һͷβЦֵÿĵЦ
ҶЦͷ΢ЦνЦֹڴˣûҲû
ѩбŵľϲҲûȻҲûôܡ
סҴסǲǳԴҩˣôЩ㲻ɵĶ˵ûû϶ҶЦԴ˺ѩɻǱ߶ˣǺ⡢ҲУ̫ˣ
û˼û˼ǶǺ£ĺ¡ţǰ״̬ɻôŴ˵ɣ֮£ʬ޴棬ȻԽڣȻˣѩԴ˼˵
״̬ҲǸһһ֮ȫʵǲһֱڣûлָԪҪָȫʢʱڵʵҪ൱ʱ䡣ҶЦ̾˿
ʲôѩ˵˵ֻҪ˻ڣָʵʲôʱǸ缸һףһ˵
ҶЦͷȴ˼ӿ
˺
˺Щˡ
̲ס̾һ
Ҳ˵ʵǿۺ񣬷һʱ֮伱пȡֻ˵ԼϺʱԼܺ޹˼ɣޱĳֵжô
⣬ҶЦûд𰸣ֻ޵ľᣡ
ѩȻûҲûôĸƻǷҸһˡҶЦ˵ɲҪƾƥ֮£ңѲһ˲Զ˵ͷһһνǿɾǳɰװˡ
һУǻָʵ˵
ҶġѩһЦҶȻûȻһжҾֻԸͺãȵʵʱٳһȻѾ棬ﻹỹô³ç嶯浱ɵô
ҶЦοһЦˣӰ̿ҲþʹϢˡ
ӦãѩߺһЦ쳾ٳЦ˼䲻ıѩȻҲûˡ
˱˴˶һۣǹЦ
֮ҶЦ֣߻һˡ
˽üĿһѩ£һѩףЩһɫ£ɭϢԶ
ȻֻǿһۣȴԾܸо䣬һֱܹ䵽Ĵ̹Ǻ⡣
һɾ۵ɭµĸо
ȻǺѩ
жװ磬ָĿĺѩ
ֻ³ۣĵ¶Ǵ׵ģȫ£ֻбڱĽʣɫڣͷϣ¶һɫĽ
Ӣỹз
˼ʻⲽǹ˪°ѩʣǾǧ֮УҲǺȺ


206 װ޼
ǰЦѱ۹Σеֵܰѱ۹ΣΨѩ͹ΣΪһʵ̫ˣ˧Ǹ˶ĵز
˱ǣͣһʱ޿̲װơǾ͸ˡ
ȻҶЦΪˣӻҪ˧ǳ˧ĺѩǻǲԸ֮Σ治ҶЦ飬ʵֻҪһ֮ǰһȫĻ룬ЩԼ飬оһɳ嶯ݺˣļһƨһţߵԺϣչһͨʮǵĺģʽʵйͷķ
ҶЦһֱϸ߿գէδ䣬һԶңң
ϴƥǲסѩԶͬһ쫷һļ۶ĿûӵĿޣҴô꣬ûκһƥܹƥᲢۡ
Ӧ֮⣡ҶЦЦҵСڿ֮ͬС
˳˵ʱСڻԶǧ֮⣬ҶЦ仰βʱСѾһССһƼҲƵǰ
β˦˦˸ǣͷҶЦĻﹰԵȵúܡ
ҶЦϸ鿴ֻСϾǹ⻪ϴȻСһȻ˵ĺΧ׷֮£Ҳһûܣ˵˵á
ҶЦͷ˿ѩ
Ȼѯʵ򣬵һ˫뷨ҲȻңԶ׼Σ
ѩȻİ˰ͷϴҲоУ±ҵͺá
˵ţǰƮȥ̬һˮƮݵúܡ
ѩͣµãЦһЦǰѩġѩƮ١νƥ޶ԣ
СҶЦٴθѩ¼ö̱ԪָΪĵ񵤣ڵĺͣһʵѾָ˾Ų㣬֮ʱԶ
ڵȻı˭Ҳ
ҡ
Ψ·ϣʾҵıĿᾢϣûɾˡ
˵ˣ˧缷һƥСϣʵں˵
ѩЦҪҺѩںأһΪҸɶ治ˡ
˵ˡ
Լһ˵ĻɽҰ֦ҶȺɽ֮УïܵУһλʿһϮѩʳ
Ŀɭ
ƮƮ
紵ҶƮ㣻ڻҶƮУѩС
ǹӷȣǹʣǹӷ񡭡
Ǽֱǡ
ѩôһ룬ͱԼǸˡ
ǶôΨ
һΪ˸ϴ󱨳ҿǺþûˣˡ
£þδֳ徣Ǽֱ˼Ī£
ϴûһȫˣ££µĺͣȻҲӦý֮ǰʧ
̫˧Ը˼󺶣κκΣ
ŰƮƮں֮ǰƻʵеĺѩҶЦһ
֪һʲôеΡ
ֳֵɣֻΨ
С뺮ѩһòƵ˵ǡһһһһڣǾ䣬䵽һʱ䣬ֱѱ˧ľ绪أ
ǰͻȻˣҶЦû緢֡

ҶЦûüСڷʩѩǱ߾ǸһֹƳһƽƳζ
һɽˮ֮䣬κ˶еƵᡣ
ҲݣװƳ̶ȡʱ޿޴ڣҲҸװһ㡭ҶЦһӺߡ
⣬ǺҶүˣԴѩطϾͺȱʱ
гʮȫһˮɫۣǰһ־ڵӵƷΡ˿̣ʮɲĿǰˡ
Էˣһϣһ
ȴӢƮݳ
ڵڡ֮ǰ鱨˳ʱעֶΣһƥ˼еעоǶԷͷˣǰĿ
ȻˣǲǾһأ
ǵĻҲ̫˰ɣ
ѩ粽ǰһɴݣ˵ʲôˣסȥ·Ҫʲô
ǵĻǱ䣬
лһӴӹﷺʿζֻӦ˵һ֡費ͥǰлȥ⣬ƾ桭ĳȻζ
Ψ˲ܹӵСʸеһʡ
źѩ߽ơѹʮڵӷЩʧݣڵĵӣǵĿġ
ûü˵ģѩǵ˵ͷԾƵʵڵ˰ѹֿ졣Ѿʮδ·ѩɽ֪ڵڻֵܣˣϯô
仰һҶЦҪˡ


207 Եɺ
һװƣȻѾ൱ĸ߶ȣȥϷӣԵĴ쳬غ졣
ǡղŻҪɱ֮ĵˣȻܹĴݲȣ߸ϵƵװơ£ȾᣬҶЦòһ֣
˼ҿɻϷãŶЧŵøãԷһ˵ڣһžͽڻ̧˳ģȻһ䡮ϯô
̨ʱŵģҶЦλϷ˲ͱ
˵ڻҲѾʮˣһ仰Ͱʱ˰˾ʮһĿ˰ɡ
һɵ֤һ仰װƾһҵ
ûޣûм޵ģ
ѩ˿̵ı֣žװƽʦҲͲˣ˵ĵǷ켫¯Ķ
ûôһĴݣһĵȻʱͽʮڵĵȫסˡ
˰죬һӲųԳ˵λǰʶǡţ
ô˵أѩüͷһĽѵڵӾȻôȻ֪ǰƺϾȻþģ˵ˣ㡯Ҳõô
棬ʮڵɫס
Ѿ˭֪Ѿ˭ô˭ǰȻôѵˡ
ѩ漴Ȼ˵šŶǺǣû뵽ڻȻˡС
С
ĳ仰һ˵ҶЦΪˣ¾½ľ̲סоһѣȻĳװģµװƣĴо̾Ϊֹ
ȻСһԣʮİʣܻǴ൱̶ȵľӸ£λ߶λߵİðɣ
ڻ죬˼ҿǻʵߴ֮һߴ֮һˣᵽһĿУȻͬ佱һݵһ䣬С

ŲСʲôǡأʲôĽĴأ
ڻ޵Уѹһ䷨ĸ߶ȣǲǽ㹻󣿣
˼ҶЦȥ˶Щܲˣ͸Ҫ˵ǰʮڵ˵ˡ
ʮ˶ǰһʲôͷأ
ô
Ǳŵ̫ϳ϶˵ɣ
ѩ󻰳֮࣬ԲһƵᣬЦЦţаٰζͷң뵱ꡭ˼ͣǲ嵽׶ǰ顭ڻСһʲףһ֣һƬ׷ǸʦãҲ֮ˣּճɾҲ˳ְСһѡֻǱҪ죬ȴ˴һճûУŵķ˿Ǹʦô
仰һڣʮڵĵӶʱȻ𾴣ɽֹ
ڻ׷ʦӵ飻ڵ˵˽֪Ϊһʱѻ˿Ƕ֪Σ˵׷ţûŰ
ֻǴԴڻΪ֮ȴѱεķ˸̸
ֻʲôȱǲȱʿ˵ǲ˵ʵȴһʮʮ٣µӵв֪Ǹ
ԭǰźͷ˾Ϊڵӹ˵ʧǰմ
ѩһƶ֮ϵĽһƽ֮ȻȻ͸ĳȻر˵ô࣬ǾȻ벻˭
ҡҡͷһ̾ϢڵĵӣȴԽԽûнʶˣǱԣƢԣݡǺǡΣӡ
˵꣬һ̾Ϣ
ǰĪǡΪ׵ڵעĿѩһѩףѩĳƣȻȻĹʣ̬ȸӹ˵ѵǰǴ˵֮СĶ㣬˼ѩġǰ
ѩЦЦ¶һӿɽ̡ɫͷһ⺢ӵ۹⵹ǲԶʤˡ
λڵһͨ죬ֱЩܳع˵ǰʵ̫佱ˣҲǼԵɺϲŵǰ
ѩԵɺôڻ쵹ҲǸ֮ˣ١Ұ飬Ǽŵģ˵֪ţο
ʵ⼸֪ʲô˱Ĵ£
ǸݺѩһĴϳ˶ѡ
ʲôѹʲô֪Ρ
ǵӿеĻԵɺϸѩ˳ĻԵɺϸǰ˸Ӷŵ£
˼ǰ˼ȻѾ˵ڻ쵹Ҳ֮ˡĻΪ˵⼸һôҲҪһŵġ
ȻǻԵɺˣǾͻԵɺ£


208 ˽
ǰԼǣ˶ǰİε٣һֱģڵǰἰ˵Ȼǰ֮ԵȴǱ˴֪ģұҪѣһҪǰŵȳĺѣνͷ£ʣ˵ñǰˡλڵӹ˵
һԵҶЦѾɵˣĪ̾ʲô
ѩſڴƻƣŤʵҲˣǼڵ˵ΪŰ֪ڮǵôȫˣʲô߼
ţڻ컹İҲ˵ʶһģģѩһ꣬ȻѡѾ̫δ桭̣ʱڣҶˣ»׷䣬Ŀ˹Ѿãȴϡ
ǰʣȻҲ̸Цƽ׽ˣǲ֪ǰݣУֻ·ȱǰҪ곤ء
λڵʵһƨ
ѩͷꡭ
ҶЦһߣۣʹʹǿƣֻʱЦƶƤ
һʵҲ̫ܸˡ
Ǹˣǲ̫ܴȤˣʲôʲôϵúһ㣡
꺮ѩڻȻʣȴʲô飿
һҪ˵ԨԴĻΨһ㣬ڻһҪɵˣǺѩ
ڣڻҪɵѩ飬ֻ»ҪڵЦԼڵľӦ֮ϡ
ںѩæڻ椣ȡϣȻͽԣѩȷʵǳ࣬Ĵʵǡ
ţ׼ȷһ˵ʵӦȫŶԣ
ڻϲԼʦƼҲǽƵӣǲٵģλеȴǺͺѩ÷񣬰óԣò԰Ρ
ѩʱӳɫúܣҶЦҲѣ׼ѹӣ꣬һĵýߵŮ黻һһֱӵ˹С
ƼŮȻɻˣǶԵӡȴխƢǹ壬ռǿѩ̸ϲŮȴţƤһ
ҲΪ£Ƽڻ켸ͷȴް취
˺Ƽְһλ麮ѩߵŮӣЩǸŮòԭĺѩʱϻأűһķ
ҲΪǼ£ѩǱƵŮ޳ߵһ
ƼȻּʣȴĺѩ޼ƿʩ޿κ֮£ֻøӱ䱾ڰڻ졣
ڻΪƼ֮£ﰵǰǰҺѩ̣Ҳǲʮأ˺ѩֻҪڻ죬Ҫòһ£ڻ챾ͶɻˣֻҪѩһò֮һĴս
ʱڻΪҪںѩȻÿζǳԿǸ˵ҪǣֻҪƼ֪ˣڻѾˣԻҪƼϼӽļǿ
һֱڻƼ֮ʱǧҪΪڻʹ˱˹飬޳ʵǣì»ϱȫȥ۷壬ݱ˲ݵľ档
Ƽڻ׵գܺѩôŮ˺޸оϾ˼ҿ׷Լʮ꣬Ե¶һ棬ǰȥһ¡
ѩȻܳɷ־Ӷ࣬ҲģΪôһĳ⣬ȻٶʧءƼһѩΪԼ֮ӣжˣȻ˺¼£ҪźѩԶ߸߷ɡ
ʱ·صڻϼңڻΪˣܵ±Χѩ
ڳʮ֮˾Ŷڸ߲㣬ĿǾ֣ѩһǰأȴõȱʣ
ڻƼĻǾںѩ׵֮䣬ѩԣԣȵѧҪѧұ˴˼ƽҪ˵뵽ü겻㶼ҪסڳףۿʽҪɵˣ»鵱쿴ǰϲ˾ȻҪ˽
ⲻҪ̬ƣ
ҪڻҪѩ
ڻƽܴ裡
һսѩһʱش˼ˣˣھ㴴òӳһ·Ǳȱβ׷ڻһ׷ѩһļƣҪҶЦԵɺ·ȣ˼Ͳѩˣ


209 Ȯӣ
ȻҶЦкѩǻػڻץסݺݵһ٣ǺѩڻҲܺˣһ֮ͦͻϼˡ
գҲ֪أڻ첻֪ǳʲôĿԾȢƼ
¾Ĺ̡
ȻǺܹѪܺŵһ۰¡ձ˹ڻԾɽΪƽܴ衭
ںѩʲôûɣһֱسڻıǶûڻԵ±Թһ㻹ĵģȻٱܡ
ìܱ֮󣬱˴֮Ҳûе͵ˡ
һֱڣѩԾڻͷ֮ʹڻ죬ҲΪѩҲǺѩֱɱҶЦϢʹڲĸԭ
ںѩԼٺݵģֱӸڻ죬¶ᷢʱգѵرĻᣬʱϳһڸʱ
ٳ˾ѱͬ¡ꡭ²ףĿѩҡͷԣһǰУһ֮״
ҶЦһߣһСҡСģǵ͵ǣţͷȴǸп֣ʵ̫ĳˡ
ĳܻܵûˣѣ෴ѩղⷬû˵ѡ
һֶû˵ѣ
ֻ꣬ҪѩʲôطƼͱȻ׷ʲôطڻ죬ҲӰε׷浽Ƽ׷ʲôطĶȷľǣ˾ͬһ򡭡
аѱ۹ΣҲģʵѸɶʱƼֻҪлᣬͻգǺѩѳֵסͱ¶ˣ
ڡǢϸ϶ǹΪƼʼնΪ˧ԵаģȴڱҲǣһڻڳݣ˼ŹأԣڻĴ֪
ˣô˾ۼʲôѩϲĸпһƺҪ⣬ʲô鷢ˣ
ȷʵ顣λڵӳһ¡
ȻѾȷˣһλǽǰѩͣźŷ˵ֿѣǡ׸òöԶԷ˵ףԼҪĿģһʱлò⡣
оǡ⼸һȻȷ˺ѩݵȷǡδؾȫȻûлɡϾʱ̫ˣҲһƥ
˵˵˾أ
鲻һһǲȫŵΡ
ȷ˶ԷǺѩҲδؾȫûɰ
ϾڴУͺѩЦҶЦǺţЦɡһأòƿǲˣ˭֪ʲôء
Ѩ磬δ򣬼ȻǾͲСﰡ
ֻڿѩǺ׺ȫȻûгӣѵǼ٣
ӦǴ̸ŷ֮ĽУ治Ǽٵģ
ʲô飿ѩüͷĿӣĿһе˵һٴеӣѵﻹʲô˲ɣ
ȿȡλӿһǡ¹һЩŵ顣
ѩţԭˣٴУԷЩȼȻǹ˵ӣûӣɡ⼸죬Ҳ⸽ʲôҪæǵкһ£æҲ˵ȥ
ѩЦţǵ治æ˵һμʱڻֻҪСϱһҵ鷳ιȻÿÿҹλأζپΪˣǺǡ
ۡҶЦʵ̲סЦ˳
ڻСϱһ㣿
⻰ҪǱ˵ȷʵǻ֮Цѩ˵ȴǡ֣ʵæǵңڻ㺮ѩǰһβһСϱģ
˵ǲæǲæڻ㣬϶ǻ鷳ģô鷳ʱأ
˶лǰˡѩⷬ⼸ڵĵеĻ˼֣мĹ漴ҶЦǰλֵǡ
ѩȻİڰ֣ǺǡǱһ󱲣šԼˣҲͲԣǡȮӣ˵ôˣȴû߹ⲻרŴһ£˳Ҳһѣ졣
ҶЦͷϣٶðߡЩҪƿڴ
Ȯӣ
ѩѾôŵӣ
ӽǳûһĺȴ˹ޣӵģŪѾĹ
ҶЦѾˡͷۻѩûһﵨӾȻôˡ


210 
ѩôһ˵ԷҲʱȻһ㻳ҲȻ޴档
һֹһ˵ͺѩ䣬ǲЦƱһ㣬нô˵
ԭˣСӳġ
ô˵һж˵ͨˣϾĶԺ󴳵ôҲҪʶ˵ģѩרųΪԼĶӽԵ
ҪȻԺᱻ۸
ǸŵĵӽԵϵεԵ
Ȼ
ѩ˵λԺС߽֮ʱλ󣬻롭Ӧ
ѩ仰˵˳
漸֮¶ʱظǵȻȻġǰģӵҵһ岻ݴǡ
ţлˡѩ߸ϵʾ⡣
Ӷǰһ顭ҧҧ˵ꡭЦ顭һ˵
仰ļڵӾһ亹ҪһͶס
һء仰ɾֵȫڴˡ
λܿһĳǿߣô
ɵȱ
ֻÿĵȴССһɵȱ˳ʡˣܽΣ֪λ̬ܵˣ
ѩһ仰ɫʱȥû˵
еգʱޱȣٲ֮ǰĺгǢ
ʮ˶㷲ɫףʳ仰ǸԪһƷӣҲͻȻоԼҪϢˡ
̲ס޺ڣΪʲôǿͷǴҶ֪ȴֲʵ⣬ǿͷʲô
ֻ²飬ѩλЦȻн顭
ãѩ˵¡ҲܹʵôȻڻʸ˵ĳŻܹ˵𰸡ߣ
˵꣬ѩߡ
ҶЦæϡ
ʮ͵һɲǼͬһ㡣
ţѩЦнģֻ֮ĽȻǳȴǴ뺮ѩĽ񡭡
£λǰܡ
纮ǰԣ˼Ѿ²ѩˣȷʵ˵ܶˣ
ΣڻЦλ͵أȴһĿȻģ
ղίʵʧˡλʻĵڵĳӶˡ
Լôôûɫôе⣬¾㺮ǰ׷صֻҲĲԼ
ߡѩһ漴̾˿ĵǧ£˭˵ͷ
ɪƺǧζ飬޷˵ֻ
ǵԹֱֻҪΪ֮һ̾
ȻӴ˾һԲˡ
ʮڵӹؽͳȥԶϣóԺúȿ˺ѩҶЦ˴һ٣ֻǼڳԷĹУѩһأƺǱʲôһ㣬ʼճһԲ
ʮλӻѶʮλӹ֮£ѩҶЦﳤȥ١
һֱѩ˵Ӱʧڵƽϣڵĵǲųһ
ԭǴ˵еĺѩȻʢ֮²ʿ
ղſˡôһԲôѹȡ
֪ʲôղŸʦһ仰ʵЩʡ
ʲô

Ŷԭˡ˵ʦ֣ôǸء
㵨Ҳ̫˰ɡ
һҪǶŭЩ񲻡
˵ҲǣǽҰ
һҡ
ҿѩŽ鹻ǲˡ
ǰŽιǴ

ѩѾĸվסҶЦŭ״׷ȥһ־ǵЦĳУϯҰԲһ㡣
뿪Щ˵֮ʱ͵ܣŭڵҶЦﻹϼ̣Ȼȫ淢ˡ
ѩٲո¡ȻĿӣȻɵĳȻ̬Ԥϵͷܣɥ֮Ȯææ©֮㣬һһһЦһ߻⣺˵Ȩ֮ƣ׵ģ϶סȨ֮ơֻ֪Ȩ֮ƣ϶׵ġ
ƨȨ֮ƣȨ֮Ҳ·ɣĻ쵰ôľȻ˵ĶӡҶЦѪôľȻȮӡ쵰ҽҪǲȮӣҾô˹ˣ
ȫʢʱڵЦϺѩûʲôѶȣһֽţ¡
ȻҶЦĿǰʵĪ˵׷ϡ򲻵һӴܵĺѩȻ䷢ӣУҲúѩȫĸɵûޣ


211 ҾͳԶ㣡
ҶЦԽ׷ԽԽԽ׷ƫƫ׽ţͽͣżȻһյѩϷ֮⣬ŭͷ򵨱ŭúúãʵ޼ɵ۸ˣܰɣܰɡ׷㣬ȴԸ壬ıСˣ⣬ټ
ɶףôأ
զôأ
ѩһҶЦ˺ݻʱɵˣ㶵ͣԭأһˣ漴֮ʹܵƱһȭͷϡ
顭
ҶЦȻŭȻٲˣҸ
ѩޱԩϴԶ𣬱ܷӦô͹ҵ£ҲǴмңҪķ𣬾С壬˺òá
֪֪ôĻϽҶЦŭϽʵʵվˣʹظһ٣ʲôʱʹˬˣʲôʱ£򣬴û꣡
ѩһޱ顣
Ϊ΢򲻶ңȻԼ
⡭Ҳ̫޳˰ɣ
զֱ˵Ҫҵأ
ô㻹ԥҶЦĿ¶׹⣬ݺв
ҡ
˵ղհɣ
գջôʲôɣˣһٶϴôʰôʰˡ
ѩߵˡ
һ̣˧ͱҶЦһߵڵأ漴ϣȭߣһߴһøЩû⣬һ˶ûֻˣ壬壬󣬳룬㡭
֮󣬺ѩǳûˣֻУһԴһƨɶҶЦˣ¼ֱһ˶ĳһ
šǱãͷβǱģ
ԴˣѩԹ
ĺѩ뱲ûֻ˵ʱ̣ǴһȦκҲ޷ǰòεӢ˧纮ѩϵһ¹Ȼ޳
ֻ˵ҶЦ˿ȴҲ˿ʹˬڴڴŴ۵øʲôƵģѩʲôˣԪƷĳǿߣ˼ʻȫܣҲҶЦԪʿܹ׺ģ
ʵֻҪ뵱ҶЦȫʵ㲻һŽԷȻʧأֱɰڲ޿κΣǵֵƥ޶ԣսֻĻдȻҶЦǰʵٱڵʱȻѩʵֺγǳŽ̫̫࣬纮ѩ˵ģǿãֻҪһһ𣬾ҶЦС壬ֱӾˣ
˵ûİɣвһٵģͦŰᵹҲˣȻóȥʹˬѩԹ¾ȻôԵˣ˼˵ȥ
˵ãһ˵ҶЦʱŭͷŭ˶ҽ㵽ڲ֪ô㵱ҴҲѾôԺٷ£ҼȲ㣬Ҳ㡭
ѩϲôð
ҶЦٺɭȻֻܴĳмȻ·
ɶףҿҪҪôҪѩ׺䶥Ҫ
֪ڴ򲻹㣬׷㣬׽㣬ҪǸҵֿܸӣҾ͸ŰɣҶЦһյЦ
ҿУҲҲУҲ̫޳¼˰ɣѩ
ôΰɣҾôˣ˵ôɣҶЦĿѩͱ˵
ҡҡڲˣⱲӶڲвУѩһĲȻ
⻹࣬εˣšǺţҶЦһ˵һһĳ˵Դϡ
ѩתȴ˳ƶòƱǸˤڵأŶͷ״ܾίСϱһ͵ۿҶЦҶЦ־䲻⹥ޱҲ޿ܽѩ״һвּҶЦŭ
ãҶЦڲٷһԾЦϴ󡭡

һϸ˳èһֻѩ׵СèȻҶЦͷЩĴ۾ԾӸµ̬ȸ߰˺ѩһۣ漴ͷſҶЦͷϴ
ò˵ֻͻȻСèʵ̫̫аˡ
Сѩ׵ëø˼㣬ѩ˲ͱȷˡ
ѩϷԣϲμȳɰòûжٿ
ѽϴػСèȺãСèƯ⣬ȻҲʼˣһôƯɰȴ
ѩһЦ漴۷Ź֣籧Сһ̫ɰˡ


212 ϣ
ŰۣԾǸ߰мǰĺѩš
ͷ˭
óȻĴΪܷΪپǴˣţòǱ˴еģô˵񲻾Ǹҷϣ
ҷϣȻҲ
ֱǡ룬쿪Σ
ѩ߲ŸѾɲмתΪӶ֮һۣ漴һתѾȥҶЦһ߼ϡ
ףͦ죿ѩӲز
ϣȻܹԼֵè
èòƺܲ򵥰
һʱĴ𣬺ѩǿһ֣ٶץ
ѩεĳ֣֮ǰ֮ͬǰȻȴҲͨϣֻ֣δʵٶȣ˿̣ȴѾó˼ѩṦѿνƶ򣬾ҶЦһЦۺʷѣǵ۵ٶȣǺѩһںѩԼʵȫһץҲֻСţȴԿֵ
ҶЦ״Ҳ΢ЦſźѩΪ֪ĳ˿Ҫùˡ
ѩٶȻǲģǶٶȴȻ죬ö࣬ҶЦĹ۲⣬ǰƶٶȣԼʵԲʱڵһЦģǺѩĺ޺ۣȫǸԶúܣѩȻȫ״̬ȫҲԵ֣ο˳Ϊȫδȫ
һҶЦϣһȻɫ˱ģ˼ֲͷ
ൽô£ôʶȤ˲ϧô㣬ôӶ֣ôĹ
ѩʧ֣˳˾ȵġסһаһץ
κѩǳ˵ǰܶõȫȻֻǻֲ׽ȻǷ򣬵ԪƷʵһ֮ˣ϶Ϻܹܿһץ
ȻһץĶȴŭˣ
ģʲôˣĵű̫ûɫ˰ɣ
ž
־ڱصãűȻԵֵĺѩֻоǰӰȻһΣ漴һϵʱеһġ
ʲôʲô
ȫȻŵĵɴ۾ǰҶЦϣĲмĿԼֻСèɲǼԴһƬ硣
ҸղŲûץè֣
⣡
ֻèȻһǶ⣡
ҾȻûж㿪
㲻
ֹû㿪ûжԤУҷӦ֮ǰҾѾˣ
ϣȻл˶è
ϣȻٶôè
ôèô
ôô̬è
ѩ۾˶ˣ۵޷ţţţš
ϴ󡭡ֻѩЩҵתͷҶЦ⡭һֻè
ﰵˬҶЦǿסĵЦ⣬ôѵ㿴һ
ѩԵʱˡ
֣һһɴ۾ϸţϸ۲Сèÿһ㶯켣ҪֻèôģȻܹҵ˼
ֲֻŸһϵëͻȻը߸߹һ˫۾ĿתĶֻ֣﷢
Զ׼ھ档
ҪǸһ㣬ҿɾˣ
ϾǳѩȻǿԣֻǼֻСè춯Լһֻ˳ȥνӽչ˳ͷһˬ
СһǱˡ
һ̣ˬΧеظоһʹ
ֻֻèٶչʾѩ֪֮⾪ٶȣצӣγ˻Ӱһ㣬۵һںѩֱһצӡ
໡Ҳѩ⧲֮£޻١ʵʵسһצӣʱƤѪĳʶطһҽС
ˬȻϮķʵ̫󣬾ɵ˺۲ܴȴԾλԪƷǿʧҽУ
໣ҲͬʱһƵĽк漴ܺźѩԼһץ֣ںǣ࡭ѵǻ˵ģˣ˾ֵԼעˣԼղؾûз֣˾ţ
ղһɤӣɵĵȷȷﰡ
ɲĿźѩ漴
أʵĿźѩ
ѩ˻˻˻ʹĳ
໣üѵֿʼ˵װͿ
ѩʵĿŶ
䣿Щͷˡ
ѩһ޹ʡ
䡭
ϲĶϵظѩϣȫöԼԵࡣҶЦȻȴ
Խͨ
Զںѩ໵һɤӣܸȤ
ѩ۾Сһŵ۾һƬҡ


213 è
أڲͷˣĿϣתΪƵõضźѩôĲʶȤ㶮Σү𽵹˵Ǵ˵еƽ׽ˣװʲôưͣ
ĵֽ˼ѾתΪλߵʿǣȴԾɵòκλӦѩȻһҺ㯡
ҶЦһߣѾЦÿҪ˹ȥŶ뺮ѩоԻǼͬѼ˴ɳɳ
֣ѩڵı֣Ǵ˼ˡ
ãһֱûеõκλӦڴŭ
ģ˶ôƽ׽ˣѾľȻһԣⲻӱ˵ȨʲôɫѾĶ֪Ϊʲô죡
棬⶯ٶչֳԽйٵļ޳٣šಡһȥ˺ѩġͷ֮ϣĸСצɲǼͽѩողͷץһżѣȻֻСצӣҷסһͷʼʹʹʹ
ѩȻϮһ֮࣬״ȻŭףֻƴԼͷץȥ
ȥССӣ׾Թ϶һ㣬޺ƾѩζȴǰҲûץΨһĺֻԼͷһһƵ
ѩϵץȴգڶȫתԼͷץȥͽ޹ֻʹץͷƵԽԽ죬˶ѡ
šòƲǽ˶ѡ
顭
ŭӯģƺȫӵĺѩȫȻʧ侲Ȼ޷ȷԼĶֲܱٿ磬շģȫٶȹȻˣǶԶļ޿κΣ֮ĺǺݺݵԼͷϣȻɲ֮䣬ȴѾ߰ʮ£Ȼ󡭡ѩԴۿɼľٶȣԼ߰ʮ
໡ԲۣѩǵԪƷ֣Թˣ˲ŭ嶯֮ѸƽȻҲǱһֵĵͷȭˣֱӺһƨڵϣǱǻİϴ󡭡ϴҴˡ֪ˡϽֻɡ
ֱͬ滨һ㣬޾
ȫȻ֪ϧĶԾͷȥһͷƮƮ¡
ͷɱͷȻҳ֮ƻˣģ
Ψһ֤ⳡʵҶЦЦüʵ̫ˡ
һΪע󼸺ʤƯĺѩȻһֻèУ⸱ʵ̫𺳣ʵǲҪ̫Ϸ磬ҪҪġ
Ҫ֡ҶЦҲöѩҲˣʱغֹһ
šһʤΧĽֺĴӺѩͷ˻أСצӸҶЦȱȻȻ˿αζ˺ѩһۣ߰Ťתͷһߣ۾ǲм
˼ԣһǲһķһöøһʶ
ҶЦ״ٶȹЦ֮ǰӯеŭѵȻ޴棬ˡ
˼ֵѩɫһűѩڵϣȻѩ˲ʱһ澵ӣͷȥһգʱһʹĲҽС
ɶĿɺ޵Ļ˵è
˧Ȼ֣ԼΪٷ޵еӢһһģͷϡ衢ûʣˣʮܹĴȻ
Ҹ˵ҾǲԸһʶѩһ·쳣ӵĸ磺Ҫ㣬⽴ˣ㲻Ҫʶô󡭡
䡭ĲмĻ˻צӣүһʶʵҪȻүצһӣͶ̥ȥˣֻ۾кպգͱĶˡ
ѩŭһԼͷ˹ָԴϵĴֻѾͷȴǶʱڲˣͷ⣬ΪθߵߣҲûп˲ʱнһڹ£˿Թ˵⣬ǣΪʲôϵץۣҲζˡ
״һֱԼӢĺ˧ޱˡ
Ϊһ飬צӺεϬ
ֻҪԸ⺮ѩջָôǺѩΪٸЩҲֻܵȬ
⻹ǶдڣʵٸһĻú˧ӴԶܻظô˧Ҳֻܴڿʼͽܱݵʵˡ
˵ѩ˼ʻƽ˻ظٶָѾǽ֮ˣ
ϴϴ󡭡èôҪ˵ϴء֮ڶٻָһԭзɵĺ˧磬һűèץ˵ԹޱȵҶЦ
˭õþƷԪȻһֻèˡ
һʵѩԹ


214 
˭ãҲǱӦˣȻⱨΪռһαˣ޵ˣº˰ɣ˱˻ԣ˰ɣҶЦǺЦ־緢Ŀӡ
һֻèˡҶЦЦѩ֪ʲô㻹һֻè
ѩбЩĵ
ҶЦ˵ģɲǡǡʵ
ǺѩҪȴҲǸ޻˵һֻèӣֻèëδ𣬻˵ɶ
˵ɶ
ҶЦĻˬõǰС
Сͷ˿ѩڵӣȻ˸ǣ¶ޱȵĳЦζſ죬ȻһЦ
ǴЦһһſЦ
һȻȥϴ
ߣûץСӱˣ
ҿè۸ҲͰˣҲڳЦңΪҿأƥȻЦҿǿģѩͬ´½ȵŴ죬ָͷָСڣϲ
һεķˡ
զоϴһ֮󣬱ôءߵèôֹȻҲôһӵġ治˼飬š
ҶЦһбһСټֵ֪һ
ĵأˣߣأ㻹ԶԶûء
˼·ǰУֻغѩȴʵࡣ
ֻǾҶЦֳܴʲôȻֳʲôҲûʲôʹˣҪʶѩ˼ģǼֱǱҪѿ
Ưı
ֻߵɽڵʱȻһһèͬʱ̧ͷǰԶʡ
ֻʷƶһƣǵ֮ѹ
Է˭ͬʱ¶֮ɫϯصľƣ
ѩ¶صɫϴֻ·ͬСɡǴ˵еļ֮һɡ
ҶЦͷ
ƣǰЦͺ쵶ҲǴв
ڣ֮ԪȫָԪ׷ϣҪǿǿֹһ
ҪǣƵƥУ
ôˣļ֮һ
Ͼǣһ䷨һսĲΣ
һը٣һźƴԶһƮ˹
ֻǿƵһɲǣһźƣѾƮ˹ȥԶԶ뿪ɣԼɼһź֮УһɫӰͦθ߰վƶˣһ㣬Ȼɹ
ԼԼЩζ
ڸ߿ôһӶ
֮䣬ȴҲͬʱӹһ
ɺ⣬ȻǾμҶЦҲеһɭ
ԷϡѩһԲ˫ۣʱ䣬ضôƵҪʲôŻѾλһ飬˭۵λ̫ˣ
ҶЦŶһԴȴθȤ
ȻεϾԼûκνδ棻ҶЦǰĸ߰Լ˼ңô𽻵ҲᱻСԷŮӣô˵Ҳ䣬ڣȲȥǣҲȥʶҸġֵɡ
߰ɣҲûϵҪйϵˡȻƮԶֻǺѩֹҶЦǰ·
ֻǰȻһǶơһȻƮ˻ֱָҶˡ
һȻѹȻ֮ͷѹ¡
ѩ״һʱӦ䣬һҷסҶЦһӱƮȥʮɿռ䣬Ȼѹ
߲ŸովҶЦǰȴͻأضһź
֮УƺеӰֻȴһҲ
ԷŮԷĸ߰ݶԷֱ档
ΨһܹȷģǹȻѹԴͷź
ϣȻˣˣ
ѩͿˡ
۾ҶЦϴܲܲҪôѻ죿˵ûϵйϵˣȻ˼Ҿˡ
⡭컹ѻ쵽һǷ켫ĵز
λˣô죿
ҶЦҲһңզ£ǿûɶϵʲôҲ˵ôһ仰
̣Ҫô
һƬ֮еϣ۾һתͶҶЦϣ漴һתںѩϣȻڵһһɱ
ѩɲǼëȻ˿ӼʱͦվȫĵӿٴУʱƴһս׼
ֻۺѩҶЦ֪λеϣһ˵ϣֱӾʮ޽ң
ͷǣŨܵĺֻǰƮţȴöûκζ
ɱҲǳɵĶ϶ǣһʱҪɱˣȴɱˣصת


215 ̬ȹ
ĪȴֲλϣƺǾվģԼ˻ֻվһĶԷӦ
ѩһǿѹ¹ĵ飬̤ǰһʵ֪Ӵݹ٣±ĺѩʧԶӭˡסֵȥ·ȴǺιʣ
Ȼϵ䷨֮µһˣѩȻʣ¸Ǵʱƴһս׼
ڵҶ磬ʵ΢ĩڵǰ״֮£Ī˵һսֻսನܲеģֻҺѩ
涯֣ôҺѩΨвֻǾǽƴûˣҲҪΪҶ粫һȫ˵Ļᣡ
ںѩٴеĽ䱸֮Сڶ֮֮࣬еҲڳˡ
ֻһڵЩζֻ漴㱻ɭɭڡ
ѩ˵ǺѩĮЩ٩еıѩӣ϶ôаհô
ͻһ仰ͱ˺ѩʹȫûôô˵٩ɫһ֮࣬Сıèץˣô
èץˣץô֮УȻЩ̿סζԶ֮ǰи˵Ǵ˵˹һλԱλԱأ˫ȫŻ磬ݿ㣬ͦΣûȱ㣬˵һʲôĻΨˡĳգϱץˣͬʼˣôˣλԱ˵èץˡ
£˽ָĳһԱ֮⣬ģֱΪѩ
Ͳָźѩ˵һ䣺ţӵģ
ѩһʱóΣŭ˵ĺù£涯ֻǺĳȴû˵ӾôȤһ棡
ӱ˵٩ԷǱһŮˣʧ˷磬ųڱˣԷ˭ܣ˼٩Ǳʾ⣬ǲģԼķ˵ʿǳķ̣˾ƣ
ȫȻΪĵЦЦ˻ƣѩ
˵ȴһΪ̵ӣ֪ôһ㡣
źеҶЦͷɻ
Լ϶Ǵûġ
Լźʱؾһ֡ʶĸоء
Ϊʲô
ûɰ
ҶЦԿ϶ԼǰӼûмλ˵еĵһŮħͷ
һζûУ
ȴĪظоϤ¶ǹˡ
ֵܣѩһôˣ
ٶȴӺƮŶֵܰ
棬ƺԼԼһظһ֡ڲˣָо
ֻǺֲ˵ˡ
ѩɻô£ʲô˼֪֪Լ˵ʲôǵ٩˧ţȻֽͷָҶЦҪȷ֮ظѵȻǶ˧綯ˣոĹϵ˼ʲظ
ò̫̫˰ɣ
ò˵ѩ̶ȣĵȷȷѾһηǷ켫ĵزˡ
ҶЦûкѩ˼Ҳ̬Ⱥ֣̽ʵӿ֮ǰô
ԳĬһ£ûм
һ֮ȴ䳡Σ
ҶЦ֪μȥѩǼᳩ룬ȴĿעһˣֻǱעӵ˲֪ѣ
˾ôסλĺѩù죬ӣô£̬ôʵ̫ɶɶ˰ɣ
ҶЦҲֹô£
λӣ˵߲ߣ˵Ҳ̬ȴģҪ֣ȴֲ֡
Ҫʲô
ѩҪȥڳĬһ֮Ȼʳһ˭Ҳ벻Ļ
ڡ˭ڵĺѩȻҲû뵽λӾȻԼ٣һôʳˣʶѿ˵ҪȥҶҼ
ҶҼЩɻʵǱҶҼ
ѩѳڣѾ˵ǵһҪȥѰҡѰһζҩģһζҩġ
ⷬԲԵζȴԶ׼ˡ
ҶЦ֮һۣ쵰þȻ˵Ѷˡ
ܵԣλӲȻŭŹ֣㲻˵Ҳˣô£


216 ˳·
ʵȴٶȴҶЦԤ֮⣬λ֮󣬾ȻͷȻ˵ҶҼ˵һȷʵһЩصҩģȥ䲻ʧΪһϺѡ񡣡
ѩ͵صԲӣעλֵӣĲ֪˵ɶˡ
ҲУҲܹأ
ҶҼҩģڱһѣԼ֪Ǳ߾Ȼȷˣ
ڣѩ˧Уν޵ķҡ
Ǵ˵ŷɥһŮħͷӣػôúŪأ
ͻȻѩ͵תһͷλӣǡ˰ɣ
ֻӳƬ̣˵ɵĺܣҴҲҪǱһˣȻ꣬ԵѩҼȻ˳·ұ˽ͬΣ
赭д˵飬Ҳ໥иӦ
ѩһӹ˳ȥ
ɶףԲۣ
ôôϤأѵǻ£
ȻõúܣںѩԣԺϤĺѩԣȴʵܾŮӵ׷˵ŮӸǲʤö٣ڻƼǸ̳ǣõһŮħͷôҲôãôĽأ
Ҳ̫Ŀŵ޼ɵ˰ɣ
ʵȻҪӦǼֱǿЦ
濴˰ѩţ룺ӣҸôܾأɲ˼ġҲˣǸҲŵˡ
ҶЦŴ֮ҲȻ۾һģ۾ǲ˼עλӡ
⡭̫˰ɣ
λһɱ֣ҶЦô⡣
ǴӱǱ߹ģҪϱȥҸղŶѾȥˣֻǿǲ۷ġ
ھȻðһ䣺˳·
Ķ˳·ˣ
ǺŪǣǺŪԼأ
ѩš
ôһλ˾ҪԼͬУ̬Ҳɶ˰ɣ
ǶߣֱӾǸһŴĳը
ɶʱֻҪλаĲˬˣԼҶЦ˾ܱһƾĳɻң
һ򲽣Ҫ涯ɶ˼Լ˸ûأֻܱɶǣ
찡
һнڲٵˡ
ò˵ѩѾһ˷ָĵزֱǵǷ켫
ڵ뷨˵˳
³жôң¾Ǵӹŵ˵˼һҲ󲻵ġ
ѩ૵˵ȥǱߡе˽¡Ǻܷ㡭
䵭˵˭˽£Ҳȥ˽£ѵ򣬻й²ɣ
ѩȻ
ȵĿҶЦ˼ǣϴƲˣɡ
ҶЦҲǿһǸӣŮͬУв㡭
еƺЦһ£벻ɣѵܸʲô𣿡
ҶЦӣɲǼǰˡ
Ǹ㲻㣿
ǾǳıӵҲҸ˼Ҳ㰡
˼һɲ㣬ǸĲ㣡
ȣȻˣǸֵӣǾͬаɡҶЦõŵµˣ²ΪԾʹӦˡ
˵ˣ˼Ұ˾ҪˣӦô
Ҿܾôҷô
ܷôܾܾô
ѩԹĿҶЦһۣап࣬ϴôʹӦˣ֪һӦʲôıô
˵ֵҾʹӴٲ˰ѩ޵ᣬѾڿԼʱΰư͵ˡ
갡
ҶЦҲǿһۣ漴¶һЦдһϢҿԲӦֻҪܰߣϷڡ
ѩ
ҪܸһõôǱͽһŸ㱨ˡ
ں֮еͻȻ˸һ£ô£һΪȻܿ죬뺮Ѩȷʵһңɼľ롣
Ϊʲôһһȴռλһ㣿
ѩ飬ԼֱӾˣ
棬ΰ
ˣľѳۣͬѾǰ϶ɸĵ飬ѩҲֻ˵ӣΪǳֻڵϲУһ硭
һź˳ǡ
ôһźǰƮ֪߻иˣ֪ġôĻΪߴһô
ð졣һ£漴ܵһźСȻֳһӰ
һ£ĸ͹£Ψȴһĺɴ˸ʲôӣͷϸһĶңȴ۾סˡ
˰ɣ˵
ѩҶЦһۡ
˰ɣ
ˣˣ·ɡҶЦűӣһЦ


217 
һ·ͬУνǹ֮
һ·ҲӲˡ
ҶЦһ·϶˼λеĵһŮħͷʲô˼ĬһЩ
ǺѩȴûбֳĬ
ںѩţλеѲŮˣӦǿԼˡ
϶ԼȻԱ߻һ˧ҶЦҶЦЦǸ飬Ů˲κȤĻ쵰Լϧ˸ûпɱԣעĶһԼֻԼ
˵治ֺѩ԰Ϊʵľʵ̫ˣѩ֮ǳڴ۹洦ɼ
ҶЦЦȻҲкԸ飬ȴˣۼǻ쵰һöȷ֪úѩȸеԺָеգЩʴӣ֪ôźá
̫˧Ʒ̫ãҲǸ۰ԼѾɼˣȻĽҶԷݵĴȻ֪ԼЩеûģò˵еǷϲȴܺԵġ
ҾǺܿգ̫˧ˣֱһַѩ̾ϢʵȴЩԵá
мڴˣѩһ·ϣֵúڣȻڻڵ㵽Ϊֹ֣ѩԾԼǰ޺ˣԸΪ֪գȴҲڴˣеСѾǼˣҪ࣬϶ǲеΡ
Һѩɲˡ˵ˣһû㳤ʲôءһǸ˹֡Ǿ͸ˡ
Ǹӡѩһͦζ̬¶һĨ΢Ц;۲ۣ
˿ôһĺѩ״̬ǾԵķٲȻҪһŮû
ڡ
ţͬûֻǵ÷ѣ
ѩͷ㷢ץúͷһ㣻ϻ鲼ź˵ץۣ˼ǿװȺзȺʵӣǾֻ˷ˡ
ѩ˶ԴѺӣΪǣŮӾΪԹȦҸоõĽʵ̫ǿˣȴҲΪˣһӡ˧硱ӣ͸ӵĻ
һӣҶЦǵҪ˳
һڳôһǷͣҪʲô
ɴڶ֮۾źѩԺ޸ѩǲΪԼҪͬУǿ㣿
ѩһȻ
һһ·˼ŬڸеҶЦҲһȡ
λϵֱˬ˿Ȼһ仰ͱˣ̫ɶ˰ɡ
Ҳ˼ûǸ˼ѩԷֱ׵һ仰úǱæ͡
뷨Ҳ˼˵ˣӲ˼ŮƤ˵򰮳ɺޡ
ߡһĿһĿںѩϣĲмĵϽСƭСŮİϷˣҲҪ̫ӲҪ̫ΪǣҪ飡ҪٸұģҾɱ㣡
˵䣬һȻɱͻȻɽѵı
ѩ׵壬ɫʱ԰ף˿Ѫɫ
һ֡ȫܿ⣬֮˼һ֮䡱ĴܸоѩһȻ亹һεð˳
£ɱ֣һСָͷҲҶ
ߣǺһȥѩŵԺһƿأǱ˺󼸲֮УȫǷ˼ĺȻ
Ȼѩ֪ԼΪȲԼôҲ˵ҲеԪƷΪ࣬ܲڲ̫ˣ
Լô˵Ҳͷ
ڲ֪˴֮Ĳֱ࣬Ӿǲ칲أֱӾ֮
ǧҪ˵ʲôսƴɱǡֻҪԷҪɱԼôǾ̧¡
ѩǵһ԰ֽĵ׸ǺȻȻ
侹˿µĴħͷ
Լ֮ǰȻΪ˼ҿԼˣǡֻǸоһǱıŰɱ֪Լȫȫ쿪ˡ
ԷǿԼֱǡԼ·˶硣
ѩʱоЩˡ
ôأ
ѩߵһߣ޹⡣
һ·ߣܸоɭĿɱĿԼıӰͬâڱܵԸӡ
鵽زǺѩƤѾĸţƨɣǳǽ䣬ʱ˿Ҳеظֵȥµ޵Ρ
һݺỨԣ˵ʵڻҲд˱ӦѩпοԼȻܿľЩİˡ


218 ˵ѣ
һ·ȶУҶЦ뺮ѩںεظţѩԼϴһûȤȻƿԣҶЦȻӲȥûȤˡ
ҶЦѩ鳡֣ʥֶôıοԼСףǿʢߣòҲԼĶ
СѾͷҹ£СѾͷС˵ĴʣҶЦǿƣǾл
ϧԸΥҶЦûǰŬԼĴڸУλȴԾûзŹ˼
Ҳ֪أԭһȵȻٶȷҶЦе״̬
ǽֹڴ˵δ˵ʲôƣҶЦӰ죬ȴѩձ˱ֲߵġ
ֺεĶѾ㹻˵̫ˡ
ȣǰߣ̽̽·ҴǰվѩӣʶȤԸµ
ίʵܲʶȤԸ£ʵǱѹ̫ˡ
žҰ
һۣû˵һߵҶЦҲһۣͬû˵
ѩܱߵļǰ̽·ȥˡұһܹڣƵǰĽ֣ǾͿԼͬУ̸̸˵˵Ҳį
ڿһӰɡ
ҪȻֻĻᱻƤ
ѩһֱ֮߳ľ룻ŸоûнѹԼڵһ᣺ôģʲôǱΧŹȻǸϴɳҪĳһΣֱѹȣ찡ذ·ɡˡ
档
ҶЦһ߻ǰУһĬĬ˼ҪԼ˵˵ɶأ
Ӻ˵أ
ҪԼ˵ʲôܸԼ˵ʲô
ֱããȻûаͷ
ԭֹ϶һ·ȴͻȻı⣬Ҫ˵һ·ҪͬУ⵽ΪʲôȻѾȷΪ˺ѩȴΪʲôأ
ҶЦɲΪԼԼӺܷǳ൱ĳڣĴߣôǳִƤɣ
˵ġһ𣬱˴֮иӦǾ仰ҶЦֶš
Ӧ
Ӧ˭
ݺ£ȺĪҵʲôʱȻ롮ͬб˴иӦ
㣬ʲô֣ǰţͻȻʵ
ҶЦԲһ£βŵҽСҶ
ߣ͵һŭ˵ѣ
ҶЦ˹ֱۣˡ
ûңȻҲͲ֪ҽʲô֣ƾɶ˵˵أ˵ˣҲʶҲ˵ҲȻ飬ƾɶƾʲô
ʹ˵֣׽ʲô
ʵ
ģȫȻûаУҶЦȴظоŮħͷòЦ
ңܲӣ
ӦҶЦЩΡ
⵽զ£Ӧôô
Ӧðɣɣ
ôĵզأ
ţʵ֡ҶЦھ˵ʵʵҵ֣Ҷ
˵˵ʵҲԲҶһŭ˵ҾͲˣ棬ؾһʵûأѵѻһô
ҶЦǳ׵ˡ
⵽զأ
λϣһǺ˽ҵأ
Ȼܹѻ˵ô
׵Ļڡ˾ûһʵѵѻһڡ仰Щְֱе㰧ԹǻˣΪʲôأ
ҶЦΣпЦľͽְ
㣡Ƿŭתͷµ۾ݺݶҶЦҪһڽ¶ȥ
ҶЦ޹ͷҲһƬ޹
òƸ˵ĸоΨУѾ˵ʵǲţҲû취
޹棬ȴǺ޵ģֱҪĳߵڵأݺһ٣ȻʣҶѵ㲻ǽС۵ĸоһ
ĵߣ˲֪ĵϸҲͰˣܻᱻĻƹȥһ֪ܲܣ
ǰȻֵĵӻԣֱǡ
ֻһת֮࣬ɴ֮ͻأعһ˿Ц⣬Ȼȿʼ˵ѵģҾͺúõһºˣƭƭ㣬˭Կ
ðɣҾ͵ǽҶɡ
ҶЦ˷ۡ
ôͻȻֱˣ
զ£ʲô˰
ҸղŲǶѾˣҵҶôٵǸ֣
ֱǡεò˰㣬Ҫʲô


219 
С䲻ɣ
һ·ͷ·ϵСʯӣһʵ
ţȷʵ󡣡ҶЦԼ⻹ôκ˶ó䲻Ǻܴ󰡡
ƺԼΪСҶЦǲΪ裬Ҳ˵Լ;ֻʮ߰꣬ǰЦλǰҲͲһԴСѣ
ʮţʮˣ׷ʵ
ҶЦλԽԽǾùˣӣشţʮˡ
ҿҲʮߣûôӲҪ˵ԼΪͳôСƨһ֮ͦıӡ
ҶЦһ
⻹治ڵ䣬ʮߡ
ǡҵʮ߻ʮˣйϵô
һŮħͷбҪôСϼƽʲô
ҪǣôСƨˣ￴Сˣ
Сˣ
СŸոշðɣʵ
ѾЩʱˣҳѾһˡҶЦŻش
СͷһûʵأҲͰ꣡ƶĿ˵
ҶЦ׵ˡ
ҿŮô£ô£ô֪ôأ
оǣȻɶ֪ˣ㻹ʸë
ҲУػʵôͼ
ͼҲˣǴ˲ˣһشˣƫƫǱٸҺָŻƪûһʵ
⡭һʲôƣ
ҸôбҪ˵ʵô
˵ˣɶ֪ʣⲻڶô£
ҶЦоԼ磬ӿŮˡ˵һϴ󼶱ܣЩëƤСץס˾Ͳġ
ҶЦΨһĸоԼòǿҪˡ
Ųʱ䣬ȻѾԪƷ˵ϻһˡ˵
ǰˡҶЦǫ˵
ǰǰҪǰǰͻȻתͷ״ЩܻĵôôҺô
ҶЦ۾סˡ
һǰ͡ˣ
⡭ʲô˼
Ҳǰѵһֱӽֲɣ
水ݱ֣Ӧýǰòã
ϡҶЦЩ֪ĸĿڣǴܱ֮Ť˵
ҲϣЩץˡ
ҶЦ۾޻˵ֱӲ֪˵ɶˡ
ҲУҲУ㾿ҽʲô
ѵҪǰ
ȻֻҶЦΪƵĸ̣ҶЦ⵱ڶһǰǾԼԼĲˣνǣ
һʱ뽩ֵ˳ĬƬ̣·ǰ߳ȥɣ͵͵˵Խҡ
˵һ룬ȴֲ˵ȥôסˡ
ҶЦʵţʲô
ζ״һͷʲô
ҶЦ˳ǣʲôУùķ룬ܽʲô
ϡ
ʲôԣղŲǸ˵˲Ҫϣݺݵĺȵ
ǰ
㲻ûмԣӲãǸ˵˲Ҫǰòץˡ
ҶЦҲҪץˡ
ңҾôƺ㰡ҶЦʵ
ôƺʲôСһ˵
ҶЦһĶͷһҪιȥĳ嶯
㣿ôȥô㣬ôô
ôҪڷ˼ɡ
Ҫǲҵ㣬һˡ
Ǵ򲻹㣬ӾҪ㰴ڵغݺݴƨɣһߴһʣҲҲУ㵽ҪôҪҽɶѵӽôֻװţ
ޣҪŮ˵ţǰǰǰǰǰǰ϶Ķҵ˲ҵ
Ůˣʵ̫źˣֱһֶ
ҶЦ׵ķУⲻ֪ǱҲЩС
԰ӦôƺԼŶأ
⣬Ҳ֪
ǰЩ־̫ĳν϶ǲоˣУôѡ񷶳뻹ôôСӾһ㲻أ
ˣ⻹ǼһԼͷ۰ɣԼҪĥȴֲĥ̫Ҫֲ̫ˡһʲô̬
˵ң
ҶЦͷöǧذת˺ð죬ڼôһƺһģͽ˳
̽ԵĽгȴѾһ亹
иܸǹ
ôһɥŮħͷǰˡй
Ŷҵġ


220 㱻ƭ
ҶЦҸоʵ̫Υˡ
֪Է᲻ΪԼôƺʵʵڼأ
ǣҶЦٶȾˡ
Ϊ̽ԵؽгһȻȫûбʾκεĲ⡢ԸûֹҲûûзŭ
ף
ѵ˵Ĭƺ
ҶЦкһ£λϣ찡ҲνĹһ
ǽѩҶЦԵһ£Ϊ鳡ֵĺѩȻ϶Լˡ
Ϊ鳡С׵ҶЦʼղǺѩ
ҶЦô˼£ҲΪ׿ŮħͷȻῴԼ
Ǽֱǻ֮֮Ƶۣ
ȴڣΪʲôأܵеɰɣ
ѹ򼸺ǰû˴ҴϢȻϿˡŤĳƺҶЦĴԿհ˺һʱ䡣
Ҷѩʲôϵ֮µ۾бб΢΢ҧ촽
ȣֵܣֵܡҶЦСĻش
˵ѣôֵܣ̫ˣָ
ҶЦʱٶȱ
㡢衢̣̫̣̫̣òÿ˵һ仰˵˵ѣһҪĻһ䣺Ҫôǲ˵أ
㲻ոշǺѩΪ˹ȻȴǳĹ°Ϊǳ̫̫࣬ƾʲôֵܣֵܣɵĿŨŨĲ⣺УȻԭ򣡡
ҶЦͷĲ֪Ͽҵֵܣ
˳潭֪ĵն˵Ǻѩûģ׽ȡĻģż㲻㱾ӵʲôܹ㹻ж£ǣܹ⡭ˣôСͷֵܣСͷôĵ㼸仨öģϿɶԷֻ±ˣҪΪ佲ۣ
²ţ˵ԽԽǿ϶ڣͷۣѩ쵰϶оģϲ⣬ûģӹɣ
ҶЦ죬ȴʲô˵
ǵģǰһƲĻѩȷʵûκһշģǰҲǿ˶ٵֵܡ
ҪôǺѩˣҪô˵ѩоģҶЦͼı죡
Ŀãѩûз裬ȴˣôͱȻĳɡ
ԴͷɾΪס
ҶЦҶЦĳǣ£ѩģŻֵǰ״
ȴڡ
⣬Ĳǡһ
ݴѩѾɼңԶ㱾ͼıĿԲߣôǣʲôض²⣺ֻʲôϧĵر䣿ֻһЩⶴ˴У£
֮ܶһ仰ѩӽ㣬һһɸ˵Ŀģ
϶Ǳѩƭˣ
һ֮࣬ٶȸۡ
ˣҶЦһͷߡ
ѩƭ
ô
ôң
ǡ
޷ͣѵ˵ʵЦѩϴ󡭡
Ҫô˵ˣôпֵܳ״ǡһƣԼûгɳЦһƬ࣡
˵˵ţͻȻһɱϻ˳ѩңȻϡţһոշĺϣֱ̫ˣ̫ˣֱǲˡϧ
˵žҪţ͸ȥɱĻ졢ϲȻҡߣȻҡ£ֱǶǿߵ
ҳһ˳ɣ˵žҪҪǰȥǸǿߵļһ
ʵ̫ǿˣˣоԲסԼˡ
ҶЦ״һҲ˲˫ݵλԼʵôˣæſססס治ӣҺͺѩ֮䣬ǸεյĹ飬Ҷ˴˵ֵܡ
˵Щһʱǳĵķθ֮԰ҶлĹģǣѩĶûа⣬ġҶЦͷ󺹣״ε˵
ҶЦԤгǰʵҪʰѩʵ̫ˣ㲻練ƣ֮ͣҲࡣ
ֻҪԼ΢ЩԼӵĺֵܣͻ£һʬ壬Ҫٲòͷβ׵׵֡


221 ޸ǳ
ۺɵĻɣǲǱƻ̫ˣȻô˵һҲû죬֮տʼʶ˺ѩദҲͲʱ⣬ؾôøεˣǲػַ֮˼άУһȷϣ
˵գҪ
ҶЦϽٶأллĺ⣬֮ûЩеûģͷ£ʣ˵ľǣ֮ǾǺֵܺøǣȽᣬʵ
һ㶣Ƚ᣿ȷҪһҪǲڳѩҪʲôڵʵûа㿹أһֻܡ
ҶЦͷϼð˺вУҵѩңûκζ⣡
ߡһɱ˾νˣһ·ͬУʱ仹ţҵҪѩҪʲô
ҶЦһַȫĵı
ԶѩԻͷһĻЩС˷ܡ
Ȼ֪ԼƬ֮ǰձԩһ㣬һ˶ĺڹͿԼͷϡ
Ӳֻ֪ͬǲһ㣬Լȥܵظˡ
֣ѩûȡܵظأϾȥܵظҲҪԪģ֣ȻٲﻹԪҴ棡
ǰһˣǿԺúõĳһ٣⣬ϢϢѩ˷ܵؽšȫûиմӹŹתһȦľ
ҶЦһһͷߡ
ֵ㻹֪ɣҿ־һ
Сյȱܶطܶ£㶼˽⣬ԼСģ˻Ƥѻǣ֪֪治֪ģʣΪѻȴֻڻճ֣֮Уʡ
˵ţ䣬ѵóһţʵǲģ۰Ͱ͵Ŀһžʹ䡭
Ҫ֪ҪףҪ˽ģ򣬸ԭڵ׾أǲһءһ·һ˵š
ҶЦԴҲֻΨΨǣʵڲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ůò̫ЩΪˣҶЦƵǣ̬ȣ˾ڽԼԼ
ҶЦӲǣôԼôģĳɷҲûأ
˵еϣǿһԲֱӾɱѪĳˡ
òƴû˵رĹʲô˰
ڡ۰Ͱ͵ؿһžʹ䡯ֻҶЦҲѡ
ΪŴƭ˵Ĺ
ȱô
ȱ
ǳţţţҲǲȱٵģ
ÿһ죬ÿһʱ֪жžôǣ˿ݹ⣻Ҳûϳ棬ٻء
һΣƫƫԼмӣ
ҶЦʵԴҲ벻ͨ£ȻᷢԼϡ
һ·ͬУ˴˼Ҫ˵ʲôɣ
ܹܲ˼ڶϲ˵ԼֻǺ߰ĴӦš
ʱˣλһ鲻ã֡žһԼֵñһࡣ
˵ʲôأ
ҶЦ˰죬ͻȻһҵ˻⡣
ֹ뵽˻⣬һ²⣬Ҳţ϶Լִʱ䣬Լмӵ⣡
ˣ󳤡ҶЦտʼ˵ͱһۣæĿڣȿȡҸղ˵ˣ󡭡ǳƮƹ˵֮仹ЩԨԴء
ҶЦЦţ˵
Ŷ˵뱾ԨԴЩĿһۣʲôԨԴأ
ţƮƹһλţò˵󹬵Ĺ˼ɫƢҲã塭ҶЦǺһЦ
ֻǲŸո˵ɴ֮ȴѾ
ɶ˼
һλ˼ɫƢֺã壿
ɲǼͷһﰴڵغݺһٵĳ嶯
쵰ȻǰĹ˵Ŀŵ
һҪ컨׹ϲ
ߣ֪λ
ҧߺߵ˵ŶƮƹôƯĹ˭
̻Ϊ鳡СҶЦ˼ʾһҲûʲôףأɷ˵ţǵģԵλ˼ɫ˵֮䵱йٽ
λ
ֱλ
ҡйٽ
국ղŻһֱˣȻ᲻ĸ
Ծĥݣݷ﷢ƤЦⲻЦ˵Ŷĵü޸ǳǺǺǣ޸ǳѽ


222 죡
˿ûеıɱҶЦ֪һǰΣѾٵԼͷϣϲ˵λǲŮħͷϵȡøУϣϽԼƮƹҪԣԲʱ·˼ס
Ǻǣ˵Цˡţ˵ǰλһλǱ£һλ˳˹ҶЦǺһЦȻ˵ˣ˹ﻹǱͽܣǺǡ
һߵôˣôأ
ҶЦһЦڳһҾӹǷӣ赭д˵λǸλʶһԵɺ֮°λһ鷳˽ʶ
˵Ŷ鷳ʲô鷳ô鷳
ҶЦƵ˵ʵҲûʲôֻǡ󹬵ڽ֮ʱһЩС⣬ڽ֮ʱÿÿ湦巴ɣγ˹٣
ҶЦ˵²ţа취Խʱһ£ǺٵİλһΡʵ㲻ʲôҳݣǺǣҳݡ
ͼذҶЦǽԼ˼˵ˣȣҶƮƹжΪϵģ𱨣ִɱɣΣҶƮƹĹԽ취ö˲ţΪǿԮɣ
һһ·ͬһ·һЩ˰ɣ
ΪȻô飬ܲܶ𱨰ɣ
ҶЦкЩֵš
ҶЦոհѻ˵꣬ĵװԵ⣬ԾС֮ʱȴȻоһԳزڤļһʱ䣬ֱӾ˵ˣɭȻƺҲˡ
ҶЦͻľ˱ȫȻ֪ԣҲ˵ֻ˵˼ȴѾը˷Σŭӯģðǧɡ
񹦣٣⣿ССİݷıϼʣһһ١
Ȼ۾סˣҶЦҲԾܹо޶˵Ϭ׹⡣
˸ȥʲôôƱòƱ˴
ⲻӦðɣҲ˵ȥ
ꡭڴڵĴԼŭͷ򵨱ǻŭѹ֡
쵰
֮ɵ٣֪ܲ
ʵϣǴصһ
ѾصıԵ
ٵ˭
ҶЦ
ǰļһ
ص㣬صǡôģ
һ뵽ص㣬ڶ֮µʱȫȫͨ죬Ҫ˻һ㡣
ô⣿
ԼѩռһսȻһʤȴҲ˹御ӡȻͱһΪŮů̡ȻҲ֪أپôûˡ
Ϊһ󲽣ʼݺ޵еڶ֡
ţЩص㣬ص㻹λĹ٣
º˳Ĺôģ
ֻǣǻ
ҲǡԼһһ
һʱ䣬ǲ֪ʲôζһ̸ۣһҷƵʩʵ־緢ĵУһ

ƹºü쵰һ˳ԸĨˣ
öж£
Ҫ֪µʦƺĻǿҪʦġ
˳ȴǱµĵӡ
ˣ˵£ͬ񲻶лһҶ֮飿ҧ˵
ҶЦ֪Լ˼Ѿɹǿĸ
ǾǡŮ˵Ĵ⡣
أЩ֪Ȼ΢ЦЩС£գʵڲؿԼˡ
ؿ
Լˣ
˭Լˣ
һͻġԼˡ˹ȥ
һ˫ƣȴ΢ѾҪƲסҪһһٵĳ嶯ˡһ㶼ǸˡȻô£
˭Լˣ˳Ǳ£Ǳǡң
ֱǡˣ
Լˣ˵ӱҶ֮ĹϵȻǺˣӱǿ﷢
ҶЦڰ֣άָ̬ǫѷ˵ҲңˣУɻˣҶĳ£ʵνҲǻﻥѣҲδ˵˭˭˴֪νġ
ʶĲһ£
ȻѾɻˡ˴֪ĸ߶ˣ㻹ô˵û£
Ȼ˴֪νģɶ˼˾ǳԸĨˣ¶ҲˣҲռˣȻڽ



223 æùô
˶飬Ȼ˻ﻥô˵óڣˣǹغŮڵĴ£ϵһҸϵУпôֵһ᣿һ˴֪νģĨɱһô
ҶЦס
šʲôôƫأʲôڣһҸӺ˵Уǡű߼ʣ˵ʲôˣĨɱһˣҲû˵ʲô
ҶЦһͷˮ㯣ĵȴȫûף˵ʲôҲ˵˴¹غŮӵڣɲú㽫йؽȫ˵ôȫȻ
ղ˵úúõģôͻȻŭˣ
ѵҷķİƹĵӣ˲ɣ
ôͻȻ䳶ôԶ
˵֪νٵֶΣһ˫Ϊܴﵽ⹦ٵĵõɣ˵Ŀɶԣ
ҶЦԵʱסˡ
⡭Ӻ˵
ȫûºòã
Ȼ֮еɭȻҶЦƹŮʮǧپʮˣ˫ܽȼ
ŨŨĳһʧ
֮λӡôˣ
ޣ޲磿
ҶЦͻԩ̼ü˵ſڽ˺һᣬͻȻŭ˵˵˭˵Ҫʲô˫ģҪòã㡭ʲôʲô˵óֹƨۣ
ҶЦҲǰһֵһŮħͷŭĽۼֱǻ֪֮ƣƨͨ
ԵʱҲסˡ
Ҫ˫ޣ
Ҫ˫ޣ
ת֮ʣʶͰ͵˵ѵĲҪ˫ޣ
ҶЦŭĴʲôҪ˫ޣ治֪ôóֱۣǲʶ˼˵Լ֣ܣޣʮˣֻܿ˫޲ܽĻôǶ⣬һҪأҡæùôң
ҶЦÿɷףЩ˵ˣ˵һθɴ˺Ҫƴļơ
ǰѩһ˻𾪵ҶЦȻǲ⣬òƸղŻúõأôͻȻͱͻˣ
ϴôأѩһͷˮ۰Եʵ
û£
û£
ҶЦƫͷһ䣬Ҳͬһʱתͷȫͬһ仰ѩʱë
һ˲ѩǳȻһȣҶЦǿҲڴ˿̱ķŭټһ֮ѩһɳɡ
Ȼѩһɣһʱݳֲȴ亹ֱ¡
찡ôˣ׳ʲô顭
˾һһ£ʵ̫ˡ
дƵҲˣϴҲƣе㲻˼ˣ
Ҫ˫ôҲҲѵԼˣǡԼȬˣ˫ޣԼȬ״Ҫνء
ԼǱ˫ˡ
ӣ£㶼ӦøһͰɣҶЦŭŮ˹ȻںڣΪж£ȴҲһں
ҶЦŭ˵ұȺܶŮ˸ںһڣ
ҶЦĿ𣬱ǴʲôطõϢ٣Ҫ˫޲ܻģ˵ܲƾģ
ֺ۾εע
˼ҲһƬ
Ҵʲôط֪Ǹۡء⻰˵
ѵҪ˵ʵһֱůǸСѾͷ
⻰ô˵أ
ͷһƬᣬ
ֻǿǰǻŭӣиǱңٿһҪһ˵ӣƺû˵;ˡ
ʲôףҪʲô˵ѵҶѾԸĨˡҪⲻô
¼䣬Ȼ£
Ȼҵϡ
˵ˣһòҲ̫˰ɣ
ҿĶǿߣܣȻǰôĴСУ
ѵһô
ѵһôҪô
ȻһĺҪ
Ļ̹ˣ
һ̣еİٰζ˵쳣
ǻһ˸ô˵ôɣƶԾɻԥһˡôһϣȻ֪˭ô򳬼ܣ
ͬģҶЦǰĻһˣһʵ֪ߵҶЦӦ˵ĸ߶ȣҲ类ҶЦ

ҶЦоԼܵĪ裻ҶЦҪôŮ˸˫޶ռ˵
ҰƮƹѵˣ
ȻͷҿôһʺӣҼֱǳʱ޳Ķˡ
ߣ̣


224 
ܴ裬Ҫǲһ˵ǴҾһ֮ĺ֮ޣҡҸû꣡
ܣϵĵڶΣ˲һΣ죬գ
ҶЦ¿ƢһֱӾͲܲ˵ļޱˣǰЦǣҶЦҲǡңԣңԣɱңҲԣֻҪʵ
ǣҪң̤ңʵ򱶣ҲУ
˵ϡ
ҶЦǰĵڡ
Զᶯҡ಻κַ
Ǳߣ˿ȴǺðһͷȻǡҿϵˣȻйаад
ֻǣ˽ٻǲҪ˫ޣȴȴǸأ
ǳҪʳ仰
ڡôʣ
ֻܱţţҡһӣԼҪǲǸ»ûˣ
ղĴ⣬˼ʧӰ٣ȡ֮ģһ˵о
⡭ֻһ֮ʣ㵱ȻԼ˵ڲ֪Ƽ˥䣬еǷݱըˣֱȴû
仰ȥǿʶûǣȴѾģ֡
һ̵ѲߴϵһŮħͷòڲ֪֮УҡһһµСϱ
·ֱˡǸ˳ŮԼĹӣܵظоСѾͷ
ǺѩɿһĻµ͵ñˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һŮħͷϵĵڶǿߣȻֳôСŮ˵һ棿
ֱҳױɡ
ʲôһ֮ʣôһ֮ˣҶЦ˼ҲĿҪˣһҪô˵ûǿƮƹӣôܹ֪ûռǵıˣôţʵһֱռҵıˣ
òãûУ
ҶƮƹ˫ޡ
ֻҪһҶЦͱױȫ
Ҳ˵ԼܿһλϾԼĳ⽴⣻òһǹؼæùңե֭Ҳʵıˮнòã
Ǹ˫ҲҪʱģͷǵҶڿʼڲˣŭĺ۾˵˫һҲٰɡʮˣΡҡҿ㡭ֱǡֱˡ
һ仰Ĳһ£漴쵰˵ʲô֪Լ˵ʲôԴðƴɵôҲûְ
ǲţԻȥӵ״ΪŮţһ׹Ů֮ǷǱദ֮һۼҶЦ˳ȥߵҵ˵˵ͱˣһҪԩ𣿡
仰֮еıֱѾһءѪĵز
ΪģҶЦߵĵͷ˿Լɣҡʮˡ
ǾѾĥ廨⣬Ǹɴľǳ׳׵ɢư
ҲһһȥӻǲǴ֮ˡʲô˵ȻȷʵרŵĹŮ֮⻰ôҲôڰ˵ɡ
ôֵĻһ̨ףͷʹ֮İ˰֣һ˵ðɺðɣˡ
һ⻰ҶЦֲһʹȥʲôˣⱾˡ
һĪǿߣǰǶô͸ͨأôǳİܻӵҪ˶ӻ߽ô
ҲһôôĵأͲܴһôҶ˵ˣѵҪҹǸɣ˵ҪҸůǸС˼ҵŭô
šᡭǱ㡭˵
˵仰֮ǰҲ뵽ԼƮƹ֮ǰľǿݣĻȻԼ˵
ǸĶ󣬲ֻһԪƷꡣ
ζ뵽龹Ȼᷢ
ȴʵʵڵķˡ
һǡ
Լ涼˵˳ȴûиоҲûио𡭡
һЩ֣̿ΨֶԷҪġ
ÿֻ̿ðﵽҪǸļ䣬ӰԼô𣿾ôĹүίԼί
ѵݺܵеݣȲһֻרΪůСѾͷԼ󲻳ɣ

ðɣҴ˴вŮҶЦ˼˸ۣ˵
ڿʼ侲ǻ亹һð˳
ҵүҸղʲô


225 ϴţ
ҶЦһ亹
ҾȻԪΪһλǰԼ޷ƥеĶǿߣ޼ɵצζ״ָűһ١
ҾȻţûбԷһ
ҶЦһĻѣô顭Ȼġ
ҼֱҪ羴ĤԼˡ
ԾһϮۣĶסĺɫɴסеı飻ҶЦȴԾɸоλǿߵӣƺڽӲţ
Ҳǣ㲻һλ۷ǿߣԼԴҲ϶Щܲ˵ģ
̵ܹڻûнԼһݺѾǳԤ֮ĸˡ
ǲ˼ҶЦ³һǸȻղ¹ЩƲסԼ̬ȣð˹
ĬȻ
ôںѾԸĨҵ
ҶЦһԸʹȻ˴ܲԩ۶Է˭Ҫ˵Ƿֱڰ׶Դ
ѾڽͣȻԿޡ
ֻҶЦƢȻ˼ͷԻָǰ״ԣҪϥĵǸϻȡԷĺøУȴɱҲġ
ԾĬȻƬ̣ŵͣҵ治⣬˵һԸ룬ᡣ
ҶЦͷϤ飬Ҷĳ
Ϥ飿
ɴ֮˸ۡ
˵ܲԩǷǺڰײݻôܲԩ֮⣬ȴܲʲô˵ַļɻ䣬ֵôҲʹ죡
ҶЦһ£ɬЦЦΪˬֱ˴ҶĳŤ˵ԵҶĳСǼˣҶĳܲԩ֮⣬ܲñѣ߽֮ǰ
֮½ٶһ£ûмʱӿڡ
ҶЦŲǰߣκҲǲԸܵģȴرأǶڱѣȻֻһҲǲеġ
Һٽѣ½ǣҲǡҶЦΪ£гһճܱѣȻѣҽѵּǡֻҪҳΪֵܣôմһ㲻ҪңҲᱳ㡣
ȫȫѣֵܣԣҸӲѣʹ
ҵҶЦЦһ£Цˡ
̾ϢһҶСܵĻף⣬߱һжĴְɡ
ҵļ֡ҶЦ˿϶˵
ҶЦĺɴһθоλŮħͷʵҲһˡңԸϵҲǴеôƧȴ˵֮еҪõ̫ˡ
ⲻָ֪о˵ȥ㲻ΧŹҲñÿˮ
Ŀֲһûܲģ
ûз쭣ֻΪͲ쭶ѡ
ֻ֪ԼᣬڵУѾǸоˬˡ
ҶЦ˼Ȼʼտ۾ԾܹоԼӡ
лм־᲻ˬȴԲɱ
ΪԼȫȻûиоκѹ
һ۶֮࣬˺Ĭһתͷһǰȥ
ǰԶѩǱȻȺţһץĲͷӣʱʱ쳤˲ӿߡ
ֱ˲߹òƲųһ
зģֹ䣺ϴϴ󣬾ȻŮħͷҲ۷ôǻңίҲδظŮħͷǰ跢쭰ɡ
ǿһܱ֮˹ǻҵĲҺѽ
ϴˣˣ뺷ˣսȻƽ£̬Ȼƽ࡭
ҶЦܹһ㣬ѩüͶˣ
̫ţˡ
һ̣ѩһֶĤݵĳ嶯ϴҶĳݣͬϽˮ
£ؽʤüӣҶĳ壬ֻҶĳȴһ²⡣ҶЦţ˵֪˵˵
һо˵ǾͲҪ˵
ڳĳ˴ȣȴĳ˶ġޡʲôУȻʲôʤüӣǿŮӵĺûôһʱϺõʱ˶ۣػȻͲôˣ
ҶЦĻػҭ˸ţĵ׵Ǹȴֲòʣܲʣֻÿһ׷ʵʵǡĺܲףϵǴӺδ֪󹬹ҪŮ˫޵飬󹬵ߣͽֹ¡˳λȴ˿Խ֮٣ֻ´Ρ


226 Ͳ
ɴ֮İ˲˻һ㣬ҧѩ׵ݣƵķ
һǲĵ£ĺĺ

ʲôΣﲻۺ˱״ۣǴˣԩˣ˶ˣػôĵģʲôɣΪʲôҪϣʲô˼
⻰Ȼݳ㣬оݣ˵Լκ鶼ǰ޽ɣΨһȴʵʵڵݣ
ʵڲ룬ҶЦǰ¶Լıݡ
ᵽ˼£û׼
ԷѾʳˣƱزܲû൱ԭݣղŭʲô
񲻳˺ɣ
ɵŭ壬񲻾ȡ֣
ȿȡġѳζǵ˰죬ӡ֮ǰһƵ伮˵ȿȣͨһá˫޿ȿ֮شĹ֮⣬κηſʽȴַǹ֮˿Խܵķʽһʱ鼱֮£ƫȫԩҶСܣС
˵ǹ֮˿Խܡ仰ԼĿȥֱϴǸ̬Ȳνֱͣǵ͵˼㡣
˿Խܣ
ǵģȷԸַʽ١
ǡԼˣ
˼νҪӶҪȴҪ
ԭˡҶЦԵʱȻ
ȻҶЦԣ𰸲Ƕ⣬ȴҲ֪ΪһŮӣܹ˵زίʵѾǿˡ
Լپⶵȥٸʵף¾ٱˡ
˾һߣұûһɣ˵ԷĴܣԷѾ̬ȷŵ֮ͣԼҪٲϰݣǿɾǲ֪ô֪ˣѰ·ȡеˣ
̸䣬Ѿ׷ϺѩȲĸı˻⣬źѩǰǸӣ
ԡǸӡѩһ¡
⣬ҲǸ˵ûѵ˼Ҷ䲻ã
仰ʵûʳڡ
Ͼ˭ҶЦûҶЦĵûҶЦ
ţǰӺܴ󣿡ûһûûζûķϻ
ɾûķϻʵˣѩҲҲشҪػ֮ʡ
ͻȻ䡣
ˢˢˢ
һӰԶпһļԷνý
ķƼһը֮
ѩҶЦȻһԪ֣ҡθлеԪƷǿڣ
Ҷ˱ӵͬȼֻǸߵȼߣʵжȻס
ѩһŵ٩Ȼ漴ӿƮȻһƮƮɷһߡ
ֻһϷʵĿźѩƻԭǷųݡ
֮еʮˣҲǷ׷£ǰ棬ÿһˣͬһèϷĿźѩ
·ڿԼеԼԲ⡢⡣
ҶЦ״һ㶡
һεˣòͦడ
һʮŸˣоȻʮһԼʶġ
Щ˺ȻǰΧԼˣ
ڵʮϣ
ͷΪ׵һڵ̫ϳ֮һԪƷ۷ǿߣ
Ǵһ˵ʵͻ뺮׷κһ˿
ݣʵΧѩһˣʵ̫ûݳˣֱţɱ練ơֵ׾٣ѹЩ˵˼ɣ˾һԶԷ˵ӡ
עҪĿߺѩ񣬸ǳˣ־־ڱصã־
ɴңڿʮŸͬʱ˲䣬ԽҶЦ߿һ
ҶЦв棺ѵϣȻҲẦ£
ȻҶЦ֪ä㣬˼ҿһҪԲŻô
ҶЦıΪʶòػ֮ģ˼ʱҸԼָո˲죬˴⿪ʼôһң漴ˡ
˵ơ
˵䲻ģĪ˵˲ڵʮˣǶһӿսʮŸ䷨¿ҲǰⶼǷֱӴֵĿԸ࣡
򲻴ùһ£ʵ򣬼ûκܹ¡
ûк£лһĦȭƵ˷ܣƵڣ˳Ͳ
ڵļˣעҪùˡ
޴йھ˯˸ͷ
۾Ѿ¶׹⡣


227 кβң
ѩۼԷǿʱȴ˿ηֻ֮⣬ɲںŶˣԾһںĵɵӴڵĺˣôһôأǴģ
ѩһ̸Ƿúܣǰһ仹أ߾ͳ˴ǰ󷴲֮ܰ˵ƹǺ
棬ɷǵİЦţźѩѩű±װģôǲǺгɾ͸а
ѩʵĵͷȷǺгɾ͸У˴ĸоͺˬǴ˵мңѵ֪ˬ
Եʱһ漴ЦѩǴƹˤˣ
ǻ֮ǰֻúѩҶЦһ𡣺ѩжҪģΪûκΰգȫİնûУ˵ҶЦȫˡ
ڣѩȴӲúܡ
ߣɲֹˣһأ˼ҿ˵ˣһ·˴Ӧ
ôƹˤֻ۾ˣѩǿ׳죺÷񵰣Ҳƹˤٺ٣ǲ·ͷ
ǰߣɫ׵ĳѩô˵ҲһǰһȺ󱲣ſڴƻƣŪ٣ڻԣ˵˵ѵ㶼𣿡
ѩһЦ˵Ӧô죬ǲӦôɱ䣬ȫɱ⣬ǲŻˣֻ˵ΪǵĶԣ
ĺһҴװͿҪɱЩˣʲô𣡣ӷķŪǣ飬Ĵֱ̫ˣʲô
仰˶ʱһ㵡
ڽӵЩӴĽ鱨֮ĵطɱһ·к·˸֣һ׷
ĿĲҪѩĸһ£󻼡
ͱӻ߻ᱻѩƻ˺ѩں񣬵Щ߲ȴ˶Ե֪
Щ˳֪ôһ֮⣬֪ѩڻеͷŵˣ֪ѩЦꡣ
ֻҪкѩڣâڱʳѰ
ѩӦһܹһΪЦҶЦˣ
ˣһɱһɱĺãһġ
֮ȴԶ޷ޣʳѰ
ֻʱ䣬ѩŽޣ·ʧһ㣬䲻ľɱ֮ȴҲʵС
ȻӰ̿͵ǿƣǽĿ궨λ˺ѩϣϾ˵ĳ·ǳĽӽҪǣΪĸ֣ίʵǲġ
·ƣΪ൱ΪֱݣϾӰ̿һֱҲû¶뺮ѩλѩйصκζ㲻ܾʹ˶ۡ
ôӰ̿ҲãѩͺѩҲգѶҪɱĶ
ǲһõϢͼɴһ·׷
ǰѩⷬ˵ÿǿʶʵȴǡ֣Աѩ͵ʵǵʹɱ֣ɱЩˡ˵治ʲô¡
㲻֣µڣҶְˡȺУһ˵񶾵Ŀ⣬׺ݵźѩ
Ҷ֣Ц˵ʵ̫ѩЦֻأǴŴñӶңѵɱǼ˵ӣˣԽԽȥˣ
仰һɾͱ˽һݣݡ
ǰߵɫһӱúޱȣѩΪһλԪƷǿߣſڴƻơ˷ⲻݣ
ѩ仰˵ԼҲЩˣڨڨЦðɣϴҵǸȷʵһʱڲԣ仰ίʵǲӦ˵ġһһ䣺ǴŶɱڵض٣ѵɱǼӣˣԽԽȥô
ѩ
ʮŭһһȫһ㡣
ŭһضΪ֮
ŭ֮£ͬһŭѾܷӳܵܺͣ㿰춯أס
Բ̳֮һء
ʮ򷶳֮ڵһɶµ࣬Ѫʮ֮⣬һӵĺˮȻֱʰ࣡
ѩ׵˻εΪۡ
˹ƣȻ纮ѩȵԪƷ۷ǿߣҲΪ֮Ȼ
ѩһָæĽתƵҶЦǱߣҶЦȻǰʵΪֻԪƷѣƣֻನֻҲҪˡ


228 ˮ
ǺѩӵҶЦ״֮ʱȴǴ⣬ֻĳԭأȫ״ֱû˻ҪС
ȴڵһʱ㼴ɫԼҶЦҶЦȻҲûиⳡ춯ʵӰȻеúܡ
ҶЦʲôˣҲǵԪ۷ǿߣʵڣʶɻڵģղŵıñҸҶЦȫ޷ӦأǱʹҶЦ˼ղۼӰ죬²Ȼɵɻ״صתͷ
λϣԼǷǳչ˰
˵΢
ҪûղŵļʱԮ֣ԼܴѾ׵֮£
Ȼڣˣǿ϶ġ
ѩεĻƻģ֮ˣȺУһԽڶĿźѩͳղŵһ仰죬עκϣ
񶾵˵㣬ȮӣҲǱɡ
Ŀ⣬һ˿пЦ⣬˵丸ӣ仰ȻյĴ֮УλȮӾȻ椣
СȻҲãȻôû۹ĿȮӡٺ٣һͬԧ죬Ҳһμѻˡ
ѩԲղŭ·ϲ
ôģЩ֮У̫µģʲôʲôء
ŵȻλŮħͷûԹ۵ĿܣأͷʹôŲܽⳡֻȼյȥء
ôŲǡ
Ͼλ֮ǰȻ˵һ·ͬб˴ӦĻ˼ҾǲӦԼҲǺް취
˼ҪƨˣԼҶЦɾͳ׵ɵˡ
㲻˵ֻҪݣǴڵһҲǲҶֵģ
û뵽ҶɶҲû˵أֱӿʼˡ
ǡ˹
нĹأĴͳˣبԽѵѩȻ˵һһ˵֮£ǳһǣν޹
λϣ˳·ͬУ˲ûʲôϵǿһ뿪ĻѩϿҵ˵ĳڴ˳ŵ߱ǡ
ԱѩϧԭΪ⣬֮ʣȻ֮ģѵã
˹Цֻǡ˵Ǹûκιϵѩ仰˵Լ𣿡
ѩŭʲôŵģѵҺѩöûУ
˳Ū˵ѩ͵ãȻȡˣֻǴһʼû·иһģȡеעҪ
˵ˣ֪ǵʲôϵڰ˵ûϵûϵˣ˵㺮ѩǸȦӵϱأ˵ϱѾһͷСأѩ֪նݲ紵ĵ
˳аźɴ棬վһһаЦ˵ˡŮĲͷ¶棬ҵǿƵȴǴ䲻˵㺮ѩͬͬ֮һ֮ѣ˵ʲôȻ˵ƴ죬ҲǲܷŹǣ
漸һЦȻ׷ˣǴ˵ؾǶ˵֮
ͷİߵ˵ѩˣתأԾ˰ɣǧҪǵãҪٺԣ
ѩŭǲҲˣ
ʮһЦǺˣǺѩѵˣȭͷǵĵһô
ϼʡâ¶
ȻԷѾ׼ˡ
ѩһ亹˻վǰЩ˵㣬ⳡеƾҿ϶Ǹ㲻ˣЩˣǵȭͷԵʹ󡭡Գ
ԼѾˣѾһʲôĻ˵ˣҲǹ˵ʱˡ
Ըȳ棬ϳ񫰡
Һѩ͵ſϷˡ
ڵЩһűɣǸѾܶˣǼκúƷζһ£ĻᣬǺлˣǻнĻ
ѩпνּˡ
ЩȲ˼ˡ
ķǳҪЩ֪Լ˰澡СˡСӵŮˣȻƮƹĵһʱϵɫǶôĶ˶ʣã
ֻҪһǸ棬ѩԼѾ߳ˣһ˸߹һˡ


229 ɱ
ͷ˿ѩţгô㶼ûô֪㲻ȥԣ㲻ˣһԳֽ㱨ʲôģҲû⣬Ͳǰлˣ˳·ͨУӦ֮塣
ӦȻӦϣ㱨Ӧûûκ⡣
ѩֻ۾һӾ͹˳
⡭ʲô
⡭еľ籾ȫȫ°
ѵѵ̫ˣ
бۿѩϵ亹һεε¡
ˣˡ
ɲʧıµĽ飬ҶЦʱ򣬻߻еʧˣϣ׼Ͻ˾֪ܲѩһҪʲôʲô⣡
һǱƴɿ𣬻ˮ鷳ԼϣȻŸۻ𿴴Ϸ㣬ͼ֮ǱϵϷôÿô
㺮ѩ뿴Ϳ
ҲǲУϷƱˣСҲǿģ
ˣѩɵۡ
ǰˣէȻ£ԸԴĺѩȻǸ֪ŮԮһʱҲЩɲѵ졭Ȼߵ壿
ǲôŮҲûֳֵư
ȻȴпŮӲ֪˵ʲôѩһǾɥɥɵһĶǾһԲϣôôţŮˣ
ȥһҲֻĸѡ
һѩվͬһŮӲ⣬ǾӦһ£ΪҶЦТһ㲻ı䣬Ůˣ϶ϲǾӦоǣӦһΪȻҲǼߣ֮ѩҲڲ֮䣬ʤϼˣȻ鷳Сʤд
ȻǾӦȴҲӲĹ
һܣǸµŮˣƮƹĴȻһսʤجΣݴѩԼϽս˿ԶϽ˰ɡ
ŮӣҲ
ôǻʲôҪô
ôţǸ̲סԼȻһ˲ţһȴ֮ѩСĪǽɫĲһ̣ȴܾˣ
ʮ֮£ǰϣĳЦЦ
пڵĺѩѾ֮֮⣬׸
һ䣬Ҫôʰôʰ
ȻȾأȻ˵ʲô˵ʲô
޼ɵ˼ɡ
ⲻ֪ѩһ仰ֱҪݺݵһڡ
ôģһһ䣬ֱ̫ʱ̫ˡ
ȻҺŭǡҪǲĻҸӲ֪ôˡ
仰ֱ赽ΪһŮ˵ڡ
ȻǲһĶ֣һĶѣԷһĶְӳɾһλһĶѣ
ѩȴǲȻŭ죡ѵڣôһ޹ŮӵڶѵڵĴͳѵ
ˣ졣Ѿ̤ǰһ
ɭĿ⣬ңֱڳѷļһ
˼ʵѾڱը״̬ˡ
ǺѩҪԼƣҲĸԸıһء
ΪҶЦԼĹӡ

ҪԼı
ܹӲ֪Լ˭Լ֪˭ġ
ʵϣԴӿҶЦ֣ƺоԼǿŹµƯģƺʱ򣬾
׵ذ
ϧʱıԼг̳ԣķϳѩĶԼսһޱǣǿŵɣҶЦߡ
һʼһֱڣ֪ԼŵҪʲôôţȴѾоĵ׵ް֡
ڶǡҶЦ̸̸ȥǸνġ١˫ޡ⣬ҲĵȷȷǱ֮л޵ı
Щȴֻĵףȫû˵˵ͱĪ
ڣЩ鷳ײǹϣ˯ʱϵһͷ
ЩֳɵĳͲŹ
οȺͲȻôĻԼ
ѩԼˣǾȻҽйΪȮӣѾעǱĽ֣
Ա
ɱ
㣬ˣ֣Ŀ䡢ĮָʹȻ
һһаЦӴңС澣ôˣΪҾӵûô
֮еа񣬺֮
ĵͷˣֻǿ㡭Դ
ͻȻһ֣һӿ˲ʱ⣬һܶʱֲָķΧ֮УɲǼ䣬֮죬¡


230 ֣
һ޷ݵ⣬ƺӾֱݰ˼䡣
һǵءԾ˼ǿƣ˲ʱһ֡
һ֮࣬һľ
һ֣
ǳ֣
һֵĽ漴鼸죬˾ͻļ֮Уȫַˡ
ΪԪ߽ߵȫǸܵһɿǰɱԼ
ɱκһ
һ̣šһصĺ˲ʱȫʧ
ٸ
ºȹɫɴңԾվԭأƺûж
ȻǰȴȻһˡ
Ǹˡ
棬֤ǰ˹һĻ˾ɫֵ߿˿أԻѪȻ˲ᡣ
Ϊ׵λߣ˼ɫҲ΢΢ףһֻƣڲԾڴѾѿˡ
ղź֣ԷӦ䷴Ӧٶĸͬʱǳ֣ÿ˶ʵʵĶһơ
ֹУʤУȻ֣ǿƣԾȫ·磡
˾ˣ
ǰ֮ˣƲᡣ
λߣһΪߣȻûôأȴҲ𵴵òᡣ
Ȼص㣬һģһٴ֮࣬ȻǽǳԲѷãһ赭дƵᣬ磻
˶ԣԾɲص㣬ڵص㣬֮Ǽʶһεĳ֮Ѿ֪ˣԼ˶ϵġѾ˰Ůˣ˭
֪ܵˣľţ
ˣδػŮӵǸŮ˵ĻǴҪˣ
񹦣
ɫڿԼ֮ʧԼ֣Ϊػڱѣ⵹ʲôе־ǣԼֻƣȻֳһְҲƵɫ
ּƮƹ񹦵Ķű޷ֺţ
ܹ֮һݹõһܴԼĵز֮ˣֻһ

Ʈƹϣ
ȷϵһ㣬ʮŸ˲ͬʱоǰˣǰ;ˡ
Ǻεȿӵ鰡
Լ죬㣬ﲻʲô⣬Ÿô޼ɵĽõԼ˰ˣȻԼһµˣ
ָоֱǡ
˶Ƿҵص˼ޣٿǸһµӰͷУֻһƬհס
ڴ֮ǰѾݺ֪꣬û¶ΡһһƬ֮г֡
ԣ֮ǰǿŮӣ䲻Ȳףȴ˭뵽һ˵ӦѾȥϽսԼ
ô
⵽ôһ°
ѩ쵰ôıQȻǸôһܹ˵壿
⡭ǵùǰʮ˱ӶǶӯͽҲӦõùزɣ
Ծù˻ҪùģȻѾץλˣڣﻹ̸ʲô
ֱӾһ׵ˡ
оԼһجΡ
һ붼ûġجΣ
ûôӵģ
Լֺ˰졢˻ϷһѵŮˣ
ǸԼµˣ
⡭
جζûôҵİɡ
ڣԼòƻץ˹
һĶˣѾֹһεҪжǣһжͽ͵ġ
䵽Уô׾ˣ
Щʱʹһʵһݳ޵飡
Ǳ߲ŸոһѾһߵڵأͷ䵭˵ô˵˵ģ֪ܵմǡ
ɫɷף૵ϣҡʵǲ֪ҸҿڲԣҺ˵
һ仰˵һ룬ͻȻһҽУԭʣһֱӱΡ
ȴһֱۣͻȻһֹķʽ
һһֱ֧ͣ۳ֳһְһɫƬ̺Ѿĵ˱ȴȻֵĳ̶ȣȴڼģŵˣòƻڼȥ
첲ϵһĲϾšŤš
ζʵݣ֮ʹ
Ŀţ˼ĳ㣬Լǰǣû뵽ң˵޹˼ɣҲҪκεǰɣ֮ģңŮˣͿŰ˼ɣ


231 ҽ
ߣԵǿߣǸϽϴڵֶΣ
Ҳѩ䳰˵ֲھȻܹ꣬ԭôһ־
ʹϵļⶼΣ죬˱Ǹոմˮ̳һ㣬˻Ƶ˵ҡҴˡ
ţ֪Լˣ㻹֮ģȻ֮ģΪɡһָȥ
һֻ첲ҲʼͣΣŤظǰһֱ֧۱Ĺ̡
ﲻ˵ˣ㲻Ǻ˵ôҸղʹ֣ػ˵Ʋңмشô
ģ˵̬ҺܲˣôϲԱ˵ļ֣أԼļ˲ںҲ⣬ͻȥҹ䣬ʲôӣǲǳһһ۾Ϳˡţղ㲻˵ҿ˶԰ɣŪһ㡣
˴˼촽ŷϡ
֮еȻɱ⣬֪Ҫʲô
ڵֹ
ģô԰ס
Դ֪ǰ˾ƮƹλֲĴ֮Ժӣ˲Ѿȫʧȥϣ
֪Լˡ
ҲֹԼһˣֻҪԸ⣬ԼһˣҲȫˡ
һˡĴ
ƫƫԼϡ
һжֻΪԼ̫̫ˣȫ޽ơڣ޵ˣǼԼصǺѩ
쵰յԼ·
ϡǱߣλĿ⸴쳣ȫǰ׷ԴԳֵֿ̬˵Բס
죡ЦһһԲס뽫飬ȫĨɱض֪˵ʲôʱôʹˣ
׷Ȼ̾һҲ֪һԲסֲǽĹʧǰҲֻһ仰ҪôϲŻ̧֣
˵ʧʲôʧײҽһ£ʧֵ˼ҲҶֵͬǴྶ֪ͥͬθ̧֣
׷߰ײһĺηһѹУǵĴȫǵĴǡ
ڸ߸ϵ̫ϳϣһ̣ĴԼͷ
Ȼޱ衣
ȴѡ
ȷǳ֮⣬ֻһѡˡ
˵ġʧ壬ûϴ˵ʲôʲôѹô񣬾Ǿ֮ϵoעŵϵķˡ
裬Ե
ˡ
ǿ͹ơͱȻңĿͲκεͨء
ײɬķߺޣʮڵĸ˶һŭη֮У
Ƕη壬Ǹٹ̣ĥ
ܻЩԡ
˭ô裬Զŭ𱬷ġ
οǱһ߸ϵǿߡ
һȺǿߣ
ֻѹˣʱƷѹ
Щ˵ݵλ뵽ԼȻôһ죿
棬мȻγ˵УӿԪѾľۼ
ƴ֣һ
۵ȻŶԷǵ񣬾νſƲĿ󣬲û˿ֹͼ
Ȼص쳣ǷݲпζȴԽԽŨ֡
ֻҪЩ˸Ҷ֣ʱַˣȫɱ֮
ֻҪ֣ͿԱ֤ڳڵˣһܻȥ
ǵˣڽ֮ɱţʦ
㶼ʹһ췭ظ
ȻΣ
֮Ի뷨Ϊ֣ⷢڣڹӵİȫƺвܴ˵
죬ҲǹģҪ˵ķȥ
ԽǲʰԽǿнڴɱ䣡
һΣвȫѿ״̬ԲȫӵİȫҪģ
ҲҪȫײתͷŭһǡۡһһѪ
ŭ߷߽ӣƾȻ˼֡
վǰһΪߡϵԵĸоȻۣɱڻؼУŵĻͬһٻ㼯Ľ¡
ɱ


232 ֱ
ײ֪
Ǵˡ
֮Իûмʱ֣ڵȱ˷ȶ֣ȡһʦ
ֻҪ£ԼһһģôȴԼ˵ģֻ·һԲκεĽҡڣܻţ
У㹻ߴϡ߲ʵĴڣȴֺγȳܵУһΪУֻ¸֮ڲԶӣ
Զ׼Ѿ׼ҪһڣԲܸһĽڣ
ײתĹһʧ˼
Ȼľֻԡʧ֣˼ʵʵ˼ϸִУһ˿ִС
һ裬һҲϴˢĳ裡
ײλ̫ϳϣպĪ˵ͬһֵߣ̧ͷ
ڣֻԣǿг衣
ϣ
Լ˶ҪǣǣӰ쵽ɵ˥ɰܣҵǷΣʱ
Ȩȡᣬɣԣѡʳ裬һǵף
飬ȫǵĴνʧڴˣӳ
ײ׷Ǳ˵ͷѱҵȳģʾҪ˽֮£ϷһеӿҪš
ʮ۲ŵעԼ̫ϴϴˣ˶ǽҧס촽
ֱǰһУ
֮裬Ȼ㾡ĺˮҲ϶ѵӾߣ
ʮϸһĥ׳ϵĻ¶ȻһѵΪ£ǣӰ쵽Ųɣ
Ȼһ˼ΪֶΣɵЩ֮ʦɱʵ̫̫ƽˣ
˾ĵĺȻٲ˿
ɭȻĿעŰײ
û뵽
ײȻܹ˵ز˵̣踺أ
ϵľٶԼ޷޷
ˣʲôָ֣Ž£ʹྷεˡ
ײһ̾ϣǣ
ôҪôã̫ϳϸ³̰ɣ
֮ʣڵ˵ӣŵˣΣܵûʲôİɣŵѣ·ԵΪΣҲŵӵΣҪάŵӵġ
Ǵ˿̣ǰײ˵ϴ󷢴ȱŹ֮Ļͷʹ˱𣬴ɱ䣡
ȴײͻ쳤̾Ȼ̤ǰһ漴һƣžһϵʱԽѣȻײһƻУ
ײһƱɱϣת˵֮ͽԲѷðӣ񼫣ȡеϷΪ̫ϳϣڴҲֻиŻְȨȻд˲µ޶ˣϷ²ϣ𷣡
ƮĿͬǳһ㣬͸ɴ۽ײϡ
ײȻɫȴάֲɫ֮д޿κε˳ӡˡ
ȻѾߵһͷأһǵףҲҪȥġ
ˣϼȻ˵ҲǻɵġԼ֣ܸһʹ죬ֿ
Լ¶һҪסϵ˼ôȲϣʹ˷
ϵɭȻɣȴЩˡ
ΪȻɱȴһܽˣԸĨɱ£ԷѾ˳ӣ̬ȷŵ͵£ֱѾŵصˣǻҪϾɱδЩ˵ȥˡ
ۣͷ
һۿңɱ޷ΪðȣֻһۣǳԹԷѾ׵׵ĵͷԣնɱԼǹȥģ
߶ԣɻ䱾ȱǡǡǱʵħʽ
һһֱûҶЦ鷢չһز֪ѾˣԵҲڵµȥɱ֡
̤ǰһ˵ӡ
ԱߵĺѩеɵۣҶʲô˼Ҫϼ͵˼ʵûҪɲҪϼͣѵҪȰ⣿ô
֪ҶЦд㣬Ѿˣ˼ѾռϷ磬ͱˣе̫۸˵̬ƣԲŴ㿪Ȱ⡪
һи̨£ҲҪһԭǡʼԼĳˣֱ
ǰҶЦħֱһںܡ
οҪֱģֻԼ



233 ɱ
赶ɱˣ仹ǽһŮ˵֣ʲôӢۣ
ͳɣҶЦͲЩȫ
ȴһ֣ǸɴҶЦĻתͷŰײ̫ôҿǼǵãҵɽţǷɽ꣬¿У
һȷд¡
ԣҲڮҵ飬˵ڴĵĳǰ˲ӡһоȻٶ¶ɱ⣺ǣֻ˵ڣҵĻʲô
ײеʱ¶ɫ
ԼѾزǣԾµðǲġ׷ס
Ҫɱ
Ǿ˵죬Ѿ¶˱ɱ֮ģܹҲˣԾɻбݣ
֮ܶڳˣעһˡ
Ϊʲôɽ֮ɽ
ڿԽͣкֵܳݣӰ̿ǿϮɱ¾µӣŸ߲Ȼӣ۷Ӱ̿͵ټɹˣ֮ȻǽߵӰ̿ҳնݳ˵ΪʲôΪѩڻгЦоɣͬڱҪԡնݳĶ
ⶼɡ
£Ƿǳ˵ùȥݣ
ײû˵
ΪѾ֪ЩɣϿɡ
Щݣеޣ
վڵأͷǾͨղŵĽӴʵѾȻСĪ˵Ǹղŵ֣ڳʮͬʱֻ֣Ծɲһ֮У
ʵ̫̬ˣ̫ˣֱ˵еսҪߣӦǸߵö࣡
ҪԸߴֲµشƺᡣ
ЩˣȻֶΣСƴԱһ٣Ҳδܹôһ
ȭͷ󣬾ǵȻһһ֤ȷԣ
Եʵ֮ǰһУҪӦû壡
һ۸޷ĵȻ֮
֣Ѿ
ֻҪ֣У
ֻһŮˡģ૵˵
漴񣬾ͻС
ײ𶯣仰ȴס
ֻһŮˡ
⻰ʲô˼
ڳˣҶЦڶ֪ףǳʲôԭҪһеɱЩˣȻһԵҲҪ֡
ʵеһԭ򣬵涼ֻڵ߸֮С
ֻһŮˡ
ǿҲһŮˡ
ҿãҪ˺ϲˡ
һŮ˶ԣûʲôǱϲ˰ȫҪˣ
ϴκɨԭҲΪɣһκɱ֣ͬΪһԭ
ֻҪ˺ž˺ܣΪˣҿ£
ϧ

۷ͻȻ͵һ𣬻
䣡
źȻɢ˲ʱ֮˰ɷԲ
ͬһʱ䣬ƲУ⣬ţͻȻȻ£
Ƭأһ̣
ײһХ󣡡
ʱ˿̣תأִҲܵŭǾ;һ֪۵ϣͼҵĻ΢΢ʤװ
ǣײһѾˡ
ɱĳХԶĪš
վ
͵˳ȥ
ڰеĺȻ᣻һ޴ĺɫ飬ռ˲ʱȫ㶨µ磬һ̣Ҳȫʯһɫ
񹦣ȫ淢
ס֣ؼʱҶЦ͵غ֡
ҶЦȷԼһֹֻܲǸоЩڴʱ˿̴˵ضɱˣô͵ͬƹѪĻ
ųԼҶЦԼά֮ģƾһ㣬ҶЦͲܲΪǣȫ˼½غ
˵飬˵Ů϶ۣȷʵҪҲԣǾϸ˵ȴֲʲô¡ֻáᡱ־˵壬ѾĲȫþˣµ϶̫ϳϰײһƻСŻ˵һǷģϾѾΪʵԣѾӡ⣬
Ҳ֪ģڸղһ̣Ҳгɵġ
˵һ仰ֻҲԼᶨģʹɱ֡
ֻǣԴԼĳԹαؽƹһŮˮ
οնɱһȺѾͷˣԼԭԲڵľƱػһѺۡ
ѺǴСһħ


234 ϴ
ҶЦȻΪʲô֪㻹ҪôȴܵĲԸ⣬һŮӸֱ
ħǰ·
Ȼһԭǡ
ԼУִ᲻ΪԼħ
᲻Ϊħ
ֵܼˣľǱѵȽΪָѰҳ˵ʱȴ޳ɱ޵пɱξô
ȫˣ
ҶЦһȺƺһͻȻһ󼱼ˡ
Ȼһ޾תϣת˲ɢ
˲ʱҶЦǰʵΪʲô
ħģֵõġҶЦȻԾɿòҲӿ۾ȴǾôעţ˵뿪ɡ
ԺеǻᡣҶЦ˵ۣͷ͢зеοΪЩˣ۷ħֵá
ȻȴԷһ˿ů⡣
ڹ
ҴӴħ
һ˲䣬ԭѾɱȫתΪ˿˿飬ȻΪ˼ȴӯ֮ڡ
һߵĺѩ࿪˵˻ħֻҲħ
ѩдмң˽ҶЦ˼룬ղһ˲֮࣬˲ʱȻ˳ҶЦĻ˵ⷬ
仰漰кѩԼԼҶЦ
Լʱһҹʲôħħֻ˵ľᣬ˺ȡ
Ȼ䣬ȻӲίʵѾǰɱûˡ
棬ʮ˸˴˼ѾɫղµƣѾȫǵꡣ
Ī˵ײʾѳ٣˸ش󷨸翹磬粼ƣȫ⣬ֻ۵ҪִС
һ̣˶оˣζıƽ
ȻžˣָоȴȻԺ֮Уþòɢȥ
ԽǸָ֣оԽ
ǡһֵĸо
ţĸоΪȺ˵ʣ
ֻǣ벻ǣµȻΪһ仰ʹ֡
ݻɱ֣
˶̲סһֳмĿ⣬Ǹꡣ
Ǻ˰ǿ
֮ǰҪɱˣȴΪ˵顣
ˣʥˣֱֻӾʥ֮ˣ
ӵҶЦҲΪ
治ǲɱǣֻ֮Ҫʱ򡭡˿ɱѡ
˵ˣǣΪָɵǣ
治ΪǵСʵʵڵΪԼΪΪ˺ѩΪҵһֵܡţ
һɻ﷣⣬ղгҵģÿ˶һٴΣȻһֻ֣
ֳ֮ĵ϶߰ϱۣڵ˺ܳϿҺֿҶЦлȻ󣬺Хȥ
ҶЦɫѿΪȺ˵ĸл̫ģ̫ջʲôȮӡӢ۶úһһǿĻ糱ˮһӿҶЦ⣬ǲǼ˹أ
ҶЦ̵ĵװ֣ϾܹҶӳԱĳ̫ѵˣһµ˵߰ɡ
ѩһʶȤԶǰ·
Щߡһߣһתͷʵ˵˵ΪʲôҪߣնݲ紵罫зսıҪֶΰɣ
ҶЦ΢Цһ£ûмʱӦ
ѩǱ߻δԶȴǹһЦҵǾãϴôǶԵġǵ潫նɱδؾʮһ߻ħ
أǵĳˣҪȥ˶϶Թ˿ɲּ״ѩһЦΪжһڣǻġ
ĬĬͷʾ⣬͵һ̧ͷһںѩϣϴϴ󣿡
ҶЦԵʱһݡ
ѩҲȻһ͡
¼֮󣬺ѩѾΪԼˣıܼɣոһʱ˳죬˵仰ʱճˡ
㺮ѩ֮ȻǴвһǿߣȴһʮϴΪʲôʲôԵɣ
˵ûԭ򣬾Ǵŵġ
ɣҶЦԳһ£Ƶ˵ȷʵԵʵġȴ֮ܣϼ¡
һʱ
ǵܣ
һ仰ͽ·µء
ԼҪ׷ʣǾǲ飬ѹʲôģ


235 Ϥ㣿
ԴǲΪ衣
ЦȻ֮ܣǲ˵Ҳաĵܣߣ֪ġ
ˣȻܡ
һССžʹ
漴ҶЦХһСڣˣֻһƥѩֲȻҲˣоԼΪߣô˵Ҳò
ջҶЦԼһš
ѩǰ·СԱ߲и档
״ҶЦһּ˹ĸо
ͺǡһҹӴӣС檳̤һ㡭
ָоҶЦԼҲоЩ˼顣
ôɶֹĴĵ
˵ΪɶָоҶЦԼҲˡ
֮һ·ʵ
СӴһԷʱֻһ£Լ˸䣬ȥԷˡ
ҶЦԴ˲о졣
ѩۣ鳡ʥֵϵϴȻΪ˺ˬȴƺܽǿòȥһò͡棬϶⡣
ѩ˼ʵıΪüë˵ɷ¡
ҶЦһϰб˼ʼŮӣֲǺ˵򣬵ûм˿ӵò
ѩյøЩ˵ǲԼ̫ˣԲšҪ֪ԷʱҲҪ¶͵ġ
ҶЦĿһۣҿǷˣ̫ˡ˼ҳΣйϵ
ûϵûϵǺǺǡѩڨЦ˻ȥ̲סӡ
ϴôЩĲɵģҲû˵ʲôֵ֮٩˱Ƿϵôô
ʵѩûҶЦ˼ʵȷЩĲɡ
ղµʱ򣬾ԼʵЩˡ
һϣǰ¡
Ƕֱˮ켫һ赺ϣǡֵĿ
µһ̣ҶЦͻȻŵһƢ㡣һȻŵŮ㡣
ȻΪˣ߸ܻŮң㣬ȴǲΪġ
ҶЦоȴǣ㣬òеϤĸоأ
Ȼʶس˳ӡ
漴վߵһȥԷˡ
̻ΪĳҶЦȫ֪ԼоѾͽˣзһֱãŮ㡭ԼΪʲôоϤأǰԼòƶǵһμλϰ
һ㣬϶ӹɡ
ϤĸоӺζ
ѵɵЧǱ˳òûƵأԼҲм֮ףҪ˵ƵӦӦɣ
ֻŮ֮׵ʱרĸ£ǱʶȻס㣬ķˣѵֿܣ
һţż»ܹҲͨйˣ
ҶЦ˼ٰƴʵ˼ƮԵЩĲˡ
һߣһɱһ֮ǰһɭȻϢƺһبŲɽһ㡣
ʵȴ
ղҶЦһӣ֪Լһ
󣬷òƻС
Ǹһ֮ǰ§Լ˯˽֪꣬ܲԼʲôζһһϳ
Լڿû׼
׼ǡ
ûС
ղŸǼһյôʶıܷӦҶүദǶʱԵĶϰߣӰȻԼֻһ¾˹Ͻ뿪Ǽһòأ쵰ıؾôأ
ߣϳΣҲ˵֪ûϵʶ㡭
ôô
űӣмᶨĴע⡣
˳Թ˷δ飬·ҶЦȴòƸԼľԵԶһЩÿÿԼʳűӴȥҪڵõһЩϢʱͻ᲻źۼԶ
ô̫ɴСƨϳһӡ
Сڼʱŭ񱼣ѩλʲôˣСڵ֮ٶȾˣȴҲ޷λһ۵糸ϵʱ򣬾ȻѾһһǧ
СȻԵ쳣ǣ
ѩƳҲûиоۣһֱϵҶЦ˼ʸоЩۡ
ȴʹͣΪ
ˡ
һӰԶʼֱһ㣬ȻӰ·ϵ˵һ̣ббĴӰˤ
һˤҶЦǰ


236 ɽֿ
˵͵ˣȭͷǵһ۾ܿ˵硣
˴ϵ治ʲôϡ£˾ҪһܵĻⱲӵһСʱ䶼ڹжȹˣ
βһΪ˹ȻͣµĻҶЦһײ˵ϡ
ѩҶЦˣԾʹֹסǰеĽŲ
˴Ӹ߿ˤʵʵˤڵϣϼʱѪ⣬Ѫɸߡ
עĿȥ˵ɫɷף£ҲûбƣֻСؿڣλãһ͸Ľ
һض
඼Ѿ÷顣
ûδһ
Ȼˣά۾ˣŬ³֣ң
ң
ҶЦֻǿһƣͿȷˡѾûˡ
ȻԼĵ񵤣񣬵ȴȫ壬עûˡ
˷ǵҲѾ֮ǰļսȫȼմ
˫𣬻췦
ɽΣüͷͬһʱ䣬ѩҲ˵֣Σѩһ˿𾪡
һ֣ҶЦʱ֪ǰ֮˭
Ȼ˴˴δı棬ҶЦҲ֪ڱɽһλˣ˵ֱǹΡԪƷ֣ųƣɽֿ͡
λԪƷĸ֣ôͻȻ
˹ʱ
˸еΣ㼴Χȥϸӹε״
ǰ㣬ǵ֪ô£ѩʵ
μϳԼҲһĪؿοٵĴϢţ죬ƺʱһϲʹȻھƴҪ˵ʲôȴ˵һƬȻѾ˵Ϊ̡
ҶЦ̾˿óһŵҩ
ԼȻûаޣȴҲûа㽻飬˴˵Ĺϵ־İ˶ѡ
һλǿҪ֮ǰҪ˵仰һЩԸȻɣҶЦԣȴǱذġ
Ȼòе
Ͼһİһŵ񵤣Ĵۣô˵Ǻݳ޵ģ
Умɣ漴ͱ۾
ҩȻѾ£ܻҪʱ仯ҩ
Ƿȱľʱ䣬ҩԭкεЧڵ״ԣ췦ԤڵģҲͽֻܹһԼָܹ
Ӧ֮ȼǱƴӳţ˵
ѩһߵͷ
ҶЦܹһۿΪͬΪдмҵѩȻҲܹͬ
йŹְҶЦȴע˿ڣǷһȫȻû͵˺ۡ
ţ
ͺѩҶЦ˵ȻЩ⣬˿ھ˿ˣһǰ͸Ĺᴩ˺ػིʲôȫȻû͵˺ء
ҶЦΪˣں½һɲǰ׹ģȻֻǹ£ĳЩ֪ȴҪЦһ˵Ļۣⴴ˷ʶ
ҶЦ޾ռ뵰ֵ棬õ˵񵤣۶κӦ֮ǾҶЦĵ񵤣ȡԶ״ǧ򱶣ܻҪĵرۻܻãҶЦʹõ񵤵ʱΪСģҲ˶崴Լҽδﵽһ൱ߵĸ߶ȡ
գҶЦͳԾƵıϱʮܹʤĹؼǴʹõ񵤣ָʿơ״̬粻š
ҶЦҲԵյս֮У˵֪ϲ¥ǵ˵崴˵ʶҽΣȻǷҲδܼҶЦ
ߣϮΣһȻ֪㱾Ǹֻ֣ͨˣͻȻϮʱǱϮĲλļ⣬ԾɻԷֵ˺屾ܣ⣬λɽֿ͵ϣȴûּ󡣡
ҶЦָ˿ڣԪƷķΪɹۣȻʵһ㣬Ҳ϶ϲγ˳˿ڡȻԷǿƿķҲˣΪγɵ˿ը״Ӳǰƽ
ûпǶԷΪ̫߳࣬ҹ䲻ֲءѩ˵
Էʵ߳࣬ҹޱлĴˣǣȻԷΪ߳࣬ռȻûӳĻᡣҶЦ
ͷʾϿɡ
һ㣬Ҳ뵽ˡ


237 ֲ֯
ǿ˿ƽȴѳ׷飬Ҫ״ֻһһɲǣʵȫûзġһֱԷ͵ϮɹŷӦϧѾ̫ˣΪԷһ֮࣬˳¾״ݻֶ࣬桭
ҶЦ
Ҳһ͵Ϯɣѩ
һԼ׵ķķʧȥ䱸ԷͻȻ֣ſơҶЦüźѩֻҪԴﻹûгĻӦ֪㲻ͻϮ
ѩߡ
λϴ˵治ӣôͲܰѻ˵΢תһأ
ȷʵǱ͵Ϯġʱ򣬵ϵĲɽֿѾ۾ϣҲӿһѪɫƺǸ⽡˼֡
˶ףǻعⷵգҶЦĵҩӵһݵ̣Ը
˵εȻ˹ܹһۼƷ鵤Ϊ
ԷαװҵģҵЦЦ۾գ૵ޡѾʮˡ
ΪΣֻǾ֪ΣҲԸΣٻᡭ
ǺǺǡҵЦЦڴڵѪӿӿһ̡羪׺䶥˶ʧȥʶ֪ʲôʱ˽һоûС
Ҳáһ޵ıαװȻӰʼǡּһ桭
ε񽥽ţŽָ֣ҶЦ鵤֮ҽ˵ָ㡭ϾҲɽޡᡭ
Դһᣬʹ˶Ϣ
ǵһֽܣʹ˴
ˣȴԾζҶЦֻ棬ûзߺޣûгޣֻ޾ƽ
ΨһҪɽӺᡣ

뺮ѩչεԣֵص۾ȻǶԹε˵⡣
Բɽֿ͵ôϲԼӵ٣οѾʮ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ȷʵΣѵʱ֮𶼷ֲˣѩüһİ˼⡣
ȷʵһ޴ʡ
ôҲ˵ʧذɣԪƷߣľΪž֮˲ʱĶüͷҲһ˼εǣԷ͵Ϯ㣬ȴԹޣʲô
УֻҶЦڹεһ仰ڣѾ֪һ׮ʲô顣
ҶЦʶʤѩֻΪ֤ƵΣФĺǵǾƵ˼㣬ִԣ಻ڣԣһ̵ٻᣬѾʤȴ˼޻ڣ
ҶЦ̾˿
Ǹֲ֯Ȼпʼˡ
µһУ˵ҶЦϵĿռָժ鿴һղأû̫ϡ£ֻһЩҩԪʯֻΪʵ٣Ҳĸߡ
ΪǼ鼮⻹оǹεĵá
һԣһλԪƷֵĵãǾؼλĵ̫ؼʵǵķۣɽ֮ʯԹ㲻ϡ
⣬һʮĻ񡣻ϣһŮüĿ续΢Ц飬ƺעʲôȻ档
ǹεӻˡЩ˵ΡȻߵһֱӵĻ񣬵һλ֮ˡ
֪λɽֿͬһλӡˣ֮ύĻᣬգѩҲȻһ̾¶ϧ֮⡣
ҶЦȼһƬ棬λһֽܵźһѻҽشһС̳սԼĿռָ֮С
У뺮ѩҲڰæڹΪԵķϣһ⣬ֻۿ£ȴ벻Լͬ̾һ
ǰε񹦾£֮󣬴ҲǲôһҽҪʰˣû˹ܣǾǱʬҰ֪δ
·ѩɫԵм㯡
ΣȻδǿ֣֮ȴ쵱һȴû뵽ôˡϢ
··ˣ
·ɡ·ϣҸϸ͸ʼĩ֪һС
ҶЦ˵

ȵҶЦйФĺϮԼ²һϵϸ˵һ֮Ѿȥ֮ʮ֮ˣ뺮ѩҶЦԣǾȵԸӣŭҧгݡ
Ȼ£
Щ˵оֱɥĲ˷ָ


238 δزĿ
ѩŭڣķӦȺѩҪҡ
ΪһŮˣڸ鷽ƭŪʹ޵飬û֮һ
񶾵֯ȴȻһֱ·ߡ
õģ˵ĸ㡣
ңѾɹǰߵФĺǣԼյĹΣ
ǲָ֪жأ
ѾڹȵԪƷϳɹˣһֻʵεǿأЩ˿Ԥϣƾֹۣ
ǰѪѩ˳ӣͻȻȥ
εĵطҲֻʮ˵ԹεΪۣˣ޼ƿʩ֮£ȼӴܣҲֻӳôԶľѡ
ԣܴǹϮĵط
˵
ҶЦ¶Ī˰˼źѩʧĵطҹƲĻѪҲǹεģǡǸŮ˵ġ
Ȼתͷţ˵͵Ϯˣ
ǰѾѩסһŮˡ˻ⲻǡⲻǡ
ҶЦѯȥֻһƬݴУһŮʬ壻泯ţ֮УǲŵĲɫ
ҶЦϸϣִŮѾһʱ䣬ʱҲҪڹ֮ǰһĿģ
ٹĿȻνָеһеŮʮɡ
״ʱԲ۾
ѹֹεʱȫûз֮ģ˲ʱʧءȻ״̬֮СһӼôˣǸԼǣӵˣҶԷϤԼ飬ûĪ𶯣ǲǲ顣
Ů˷Ѿɱ˹ΣΪʲôȴȹλҪ
ҶЦ̾ϢҵƲ⣬Ǹ֯ĿģһʵĻ֮УɱΡһ֮࣬ѾעĽ֣ôŮʹѾսᣬţֻΪ¶Ŀ֤ˣԡ
ɴȷ֮ʱֱڡǳ䲻⣬ɾһߣʹ˶ȥùֶΣþĳ
ǹϮ֮󣬵Զݣ֮ԵɺǣҵĵҩסһϢ˵֮ǰһƵɱֻ֣һУҪΪһͷˣ
ҶЦԽ˵üͷԽԽ
֯µܺͶκһ棬˷ָȴҲ˵ĵز
ҲûҪɱɡѩֲͬӵܹɱεʵΪ͵ϮŮΪҲӦ̴̫ܴͣε࣬ҲԽһըࣻ˲ţɱ񲻿ϧ˵ˣεЩѣҲȥƭ֣ûء
뵽飬벻ҶЦΪԪƷǿߣܹΪѵˣȻǷ֮Ȼ൱ʵĸ֣Ǹܷ֯ŹεЩѣÿ˶һƭɱ֣׼˵ġ
ҲΨˣŮ˵ŻһȻΪڣƻƭɱ֣γһֻȫʧȷ޶֤жϡ
У¶ǰδ֮ɫ֯¡ڴ֮ǰȻûκˡκţκ֪֮УȻһ֯ڡ
Ȼ֪ˣô֯ӣע̫ùˡҶЦҪһ¡Ȼ֯ͼıôô㡭δزǵĿꡭ
ҶЦû˵仰ȴԢ
ȴʱȻݡ
ݵλΪʵʲôδءǵĿꣿֱǡ϶֯Ŀ꣡
֮صĿ꣡
ҶЦźѩ㡭Ҳͬ⣬ʵϣֻҪš顢ѡǣĽˣ⡣ԣǽ߽һҪСģ˼С
ѩͷ漴ǣҲǣԼأ
ҶЦȻһЦ˵ĸɣڶʱ֮ڣӦûע⵽ҡ
仰չһЦ
һŸոշСһ˼ô֯עССԪ߸
˵ˣע㣬ʱòҲѽ
һϸĹƻ󣬾һһϦɳɣûиʮʮ׼ʱ䣬̸
ݣ˰ɡҶЦ̾˿
ǰߵһ·ϣԵúܳĬ֮ҹĻУǿ£̾һԪƷ֡ôı֮¡¹Ȼ޳
У˸ָζ
֯ô˵ĻԲѩҲһֱĬ
һ·һֱ˼µ֯飬Խ룬Խء
Ҫ
Ҳڳ˵ôһ仰


239 ǲǺܳ
ҶЦɱ˽࣬Ʋһ£֮УһλǿߣܹóĴֱʣ
Ц⻹ʵˣҪ˵ʵŲ඼УݾȴδԸ⸶
ҶЦҲһЦ
ǵģҪﻮôܼƻȻԴ֡ǲ൱ľ֮ͬЧŭԹ·룬κһ©֯ҲѾ¶һ¶Ǹڡ
ȴôȴʼû֪
п̺ϢֱǲҪ̫ˡ
ǼȻʼˡô븡ˮ桢ȫ涯һ죬ֻ¾ͲԶˡУֳεɱһֱû˲һֻҪǶˣǾһмɲ죡
֯¶ټ֮գǿʼ֮ʱ˵ֻҪһˣ֯ĸ֮սһҲ룡

ڽӽĿĵ
ƽ¡
˺ѩֱݺһٵС顣
˭ú󽣿͵ʵ̫ǷˣһٲƽߣΨбˣſģ
ѩһֱؾٶ⡣
ĳ磬ѩȥҶЦоϴ˵ﵽǲǳĲܼ˵ò
ҶЦĲػ
ѩǽ˼ΣʼûеõҶЦĻӦһʱûס˵һ䣺ǲĺܳ󣿡
עѩǡ˵һ䣬ǡһ䡣
һûסԼСġ˾Եͻ䣡
δ䣬ѩͱˡ
ԭںһһ̣ͷԼͷֱӱ漴ƨϾͱһţˮˮıѩͣ˾ʹ˷ɳݴţ
⣬ֻһĻһʼһˣ
һɣӰεĸ֣
һ̣ıŭֱ˼ֲĸ߶ȣҶЦȫȰ⡣
Ů˵ܵģǱ˵Ϊ֮ĻɱĻ
˵
˵֣
㣬ֻҪһ㣬ôƢٺõŮˣ˲仯
ѩܲҡ
Ů˹ͬɻ䡣
û֮һᣡ
ٴòԩԲԩ
һѩۿɼٶȣȦ
ԴˣҶЦȫûκǰȰ˼һͼӴףֻ֮¡ã
쵰Ӧñһٺݵģ
졭ʵ̫ˣ
û֪ѵݲ˰ɣһ֣ã
ѾĻԣʲôͽǲʱδʱˣܲ
ڶ·ʱ򣬺ѩߺģ߲·
ĳ֣֮࣬ȫͷڻۣô˹Ҳ޷⣬ʲôˣµ־Ҫĳ˼̣׻֮
ʹʹȴֲҵٶȵĺ˧һ·ϡʵǡʵҵҶЦ˶ЩҪЦĵز
ģʶһҪ۾ҶЦѵģһҪƣ߲ܣ
ܡϢᡭѩ
֧һʱ֮ۼ˿ûϧ֮⣬ڳ棡
УȻܾұ˹غΣĴ£ʱأϢʲôôһ˽ҶСܲҲһ·п࣬Ϣأ
ѩҪˡ
㣬Ҫֱ˵ɲ۱ôҿñв֯ʵֿӰ쵽Ҳʵʲôأôʱˣ
оǣҲ󣬰ҲȻûˣǡĺܣ޷ܡ޷ܵʹš
мɢ֣νм֣ʹʹ˺ѩһ٣ȴ㲻˿ʵѩĵȷȷûˣȫȻûаˣҲת硣
ǡΨһ㡣
ַס֡
ֻס֣ƽԣӰ죬һʱ˶ϴȵĻǡ
ͻʹоǵۣһ㣬ʹһȴǲܳܵʹζ
ǧС⡰֡󣬾Թй̵һλмҶЦԡ
۷εķֽΪ˴˵ЧԭǿƻȴּʮϵĿɵľѺ
ֻܣȴӰ塣
ҶЦȻģǻָЦ֮ʱǿʵҲҪΪϳ˵ַ۷ƿߺһɣȱһɣ
ַúѩп죻һ·ǺΡ


240 
ʵԼҲֻҪһʱ䣬ʹͻȥôһ֮󣬶ԼͶȣĪĺô
ζʵ̫ˬ
˧ҲԼĺûҶЦæ˵˵飬һҶЦֻʵռ˴ˣ˴Եʲô˼˲ʱϨˣ
һ·;ȴԶ֮ǰĳ򷱻ࣻǣһҲǷǳԵģǡǿߵϢԽԽ١
Խ룬ԽܲؽߵϢԽԽ
˲֮һĵ˷֣Ϊֹܹ֮ǿϢҲԪƷ
򣬿˵ߵˣ֮ʿܶ࣬ǣʵǿߣȴٻ
˵ഫһλ˽ڴ˵أ̾һ˵أ˸䣡
֪仰㲻һߣ֮ͺһ䣻֮򣬾ҲûгֹκһλܹԪƷߡ
ţҲʹ˶
ڿؽ֮ǧǰָûࡣһ·ҲֻڸոսһΣһеԪƷΪˣ֮⣬ҲûгֵڶԪ߽ߡ
ȵߵߣǿ߸ֱӻ䵽˵ԪƷΡ߷ֲԽߣʵԽǼ룬ʵҪһ䡣
Ҳ˵һԪƷΪĸ֣Ѿ㹻ưˡ
Ʈǳζ̬ЦЦټһҪռĻҲֻҪƹԪƷĸ֣Ϳȫƿ򡣡
ҶЦĿעĿǰƺʲôû룻ȴޱ߾κ֮С
ҶңȾ֮У
Ҷ죬ȻǴ컷߳ȥģ
ε츳Ƭнע޵ģ
ҶЦźеת񹦣Ҫ֮ջɣΪȴȻֿеȻķ£۽״֮£ȻԱ״Ͼͷȡ
⡭ôܣ
ҶЦΪˣת񹦣нȿνһǧȻݾ˽ԭΪ񹦵
˵ҶЦں쳣ĵطһʱȡʮ񹦵ǿվ֮ܣܹɵЧһ٣Ȼ񹦣һʱȡǿһͺܲˡ
лĲ쾹˵ľ޴
ҶЦϸȷ֮ȴ־ķ֣ﵹҲرϡ˵˵صŨȣĵطȣй֮޲˵ҪҲΪȴ֪Ϊʲôг쳣Ծ
Ҫ֮գΪҪٱϵŬ֮ܽ׽ѱ
ǵģǲ׽ѱ
ĵطֻͿԣȴԡ
Ҫʱһվۣһ߲׽üѱ֮ȻսڣΪ֮Уĵľ֮֮࣬۷ᡣ
ҶЦղų˹ּ񹦣ؽЧ͵þˣƽյĽȣֱӾǱţƳ
ô£ػľ򣿣ҶЦ۾
Ѿˣ񣡡ɴ֮۾ЦһԱνһ˶޵ķ⣬ĸȴȾָԭڴˣϾȭͷǵΪ̲ǵһҪּڡ
ֻҪһ͸֮ռ£ǵȴѵ̫档ڣɵĵӣΪļˣΪĵˣζۺ˲ۺֻɼ˥ˣиռӵк죬÷ֹʡ伢㲻ϡ
֮ɵ״һ鿴˵ķ⣬ʵ߶磡
޷ı䡣
˵
ҶЦȻףǰ֮£͵һ򣿡
Ҳֻǲռ죬Ц⣺֪ǳ֮ʱѩǾ仰νţߵʵдգΪؽԾԣƬĵرмֵ
ֻʵϷؽıԵֲУרչҩ
ƮƹΪ⹦ٵĳīеľǳ򡣡


241 μҵ
˵ΪڴˣҲŸ˽ʲôﵱиҶҼҩȷ൱мֵȫ̵ĺ˵λǺ˵ġ
ǰĺѩ°ͣЩ˵Ǽһ˵漫ѣֻĺ˵ʽƱ֮ȴ˵ʵֻɵֻ»֪ء
Զѩ𽵹سԼͷΪλϴ˾ǱʾԼļνܳȻھʹ֮УȻ¶һЦݣֶ״ٷ͡
ҶЦ״ۡһ̲סЦ
ԼֵܣֱһöĹ
оǣ֮ԲȴΪƬ֮еˣȻΪձ鲻ߣȴҲȱţνﾺΪضĻȴҲǵһЩʣرǿ۲ӡ
˵ȤʣرŮԡЦЦָ
ҶЦԲãȻŮڰɣôܣ
ԥһ£Щ˵ӦøʹȻݸǡһЩӣҵֻҪһЩģ϶ѪȣζѪжЩνʵ竣Ҫǿ̫࣬βŮ
һ£ǡҶҼҶңһλҶ죬ʷ¹ʥŮ¹ѩҩĵʱΪһġ
ҶЦɫţúֺܹŹ֡
Ҷ죬¹ѩ
⡭
ҶЦĬ˰ΣзӿѹȥȻ˵˵ƺЩǣǿ˰ɣŮ֮飬쾭壻׸ٳƬʣǳϹϵνϵǣǿᣬżȻȻʵҲ
ЦЦ˵ҲеءȻûϼȥ
ҶЦʱһָоλϣȻ֪Լһ㡣
ѵȻ֪ҵʵ
ô֪أ
ûе
ҶЦתͻȻһ˿ţ֪ʦͽԼԨԴȻҲܴӱº˳֪½һӦ飬续ԼĻ˵ԼݣԼĸҶ죬ֻҪ˴һ£龡һƬ
ϾԼϿܹīһ㣬ʦͽ˶֪ġ˴˻Ǻ
һƮƹҪԣ֮أܲ㱨
ҶЦôһ룬ȫͨ͸ĵ׵ʱȻ
ֻ֪ԼûеΪδ˵أ
ҶҼܱߵ߷ϣҩǳīƺڽʲôһΣҵҪĿҲҪȥûдҩҶС״ҩڱҪ԰ɡ
ҶЦŶףǳס
ҶЦ˵ףȴ̲סеЦλϣòƺִţȻڽԼΪʲôǺںһ㣿úѩ֮˵£ɲ飬Ȼñ˵£ʵڵȻҪĳЩ
òƶںںʲôɣ
㲻ǻ㣬һ٣ͽأ
ǰǧɽǰѩ˵ǧɽ£Ĵңμҵĵˡ
ѩȻ֪ҶЦҶҼȥʲôͬʱ֪ҶЦ½˼ʹϵ֪ξҶҶҶЦĹϵȻϵμҶҲԼˣҲŤ۵Ĺ
Եһ䡣
ô졭ҶЦǰһƬ̣ʱ֣ȻҸɣ
ǡѩʵĿҶЦ
ȥҸطסɡҶЦ˼ţ漴ת㿴أ
á֮£˸ۡ
㶼Ѿ֮󡭡ң˵ɶ˵ͬ⣬ԣ
ɽ
仰ԣѾԶԶ̣⼸˵Ľų̣һֱӣ˲ʱʱ䡣
ҪӣҵطţͻȻǰһ֧ӣҶЦǷӦѸ٣Ҫӭײˡ
ҶЦ״üͷһ塣
˾ô֮кֱײĳȻҲҲ٣ôӲس彫ԼҪײˣ
˼ɣ
Ҳ̫޼ɵ˰ɣ
֧Ϊ׵ģһһϮ£ò㣬ȴˣһƥѩ׵ĸͷϣֺЦɷһȵﳤȥ
ҶЦһ
·˾ĵ˵㿪μҵӡ
μӣ


242 ȻǱۣ
ҶЦԲƬ̣ӵͣӦξֶǲҪһӣҪأ
ϾξԼҲ˵ǶɽˣչԼϸ΢ԼҶ춼Ҫ׺񼸷֣Լһ¾μ˴֣òȷʵʵ˵
ҶЦ̾źѩȻ˿һߡ
ֻϧҶЦʾ֮飬ѵõĴãһλˣλμҵȴûҪµ
Ҳν
µƥһ˻Ȼ㵹תأҶЦ߿񱼶ʮʿҲתͷǱϮƾˡ
ȻƾˣȴҶЦλܵУǸϵģʵ鱾
ôأѩЩ죺Сѵʶҵģ
ҶЦͷߣ˵Ů˵ʱһЩҲͰˣ˵ʱܲܲҪôˣѵ㾹֮񱣬˶֮񱣿ҪûоͱôС֣ʲôطЩһӶûȥôʶϸ磿
ѩȻҶЦҪȴҲʵݣǿһ漴üͷѽֿʼˡȴǹؽڽʹٴοʼˡ
ȴλһ·񱼶أڽҪײϵʱȻ֣˻𣬶Ȼͣס
ֹǶȴδգȴһƬҳһ˹ͷˡ
ҶЦкһӣҳһˢһߣȻһССѡ
λμӵֹЩ̫ˡ
ڴˣҶЦԾû£ͲǽҳˢһߣͷȥԱ֮ʩ
ӴЦЦȴһƬͣҶЦԭӰղһ֣õȷͦƯǡģ
ҶЦüЩ͵˵Ժηθɣ
Ц漴ЦȻͣס͵תΪ᣺¸㣬ʲôطйأô
ҶЦЩεЦ
ЩʱΣô鷳ر鷳ǣЩ鷳Լ˽㡣ҶЦЦţλμҵӣʵ˺Ӻ顣
ҶЦĺΣĲֳʲô顣ѾһξӣԼ˼ܵίҲʲô
ڵǣλȴһҪӡ
ĵĽԴҿ
״ҲҶЦоˡ
ҶЦϣֻλμҵӹһЦȤĿҶЦ˵ͦġֺŸү
еһһģƵȻЦţ۵ȴȫɭ
ˣȻӣ
Ҳøţ
Ҫ֪үȻûֻۣȴҲǲõģ
ڱ˴˲ʵͻʱҶЦͻȻһʵ˵ηɣ㲻ҪΪѶѣαҪˣЩֶΣҵ棬輸ˣѵ;úܹ𣿡
ͻĻҶЦ˶һ¡
ţôбʣҲ̫·ת˰ɣ
ڸղţҶЦҪϢ˵ĵ˶Ѿ׼ҪˣοƢͻ𱬵ͺѩҪȴûֵĵڣȻµıʡ
ߵĽ룿
⻰˼ԭǲǵߣ޹Ǹ
ѭȥһ꣬ϱһҩ¨ҶЦȺ˳üĿ㣬ֻԵЩɫ峺Ȫ
˿̣һŭɫעϵηɡ
ȻΪѰΪ˿Ҳǵ΢Ƶ֮ȴȻһȻ֮ϵӣûаɫ
֮⣬ҶЦ˻һȤĵطǾηɣλȻ̬ȸǴ죬òȴôһֵЩѪԵǣŻˣ
ıʣҶЦ˶ʱҪֽѵһӵͷȻҪô£չΡ
԰꣬ȿ˵仰ĲҶЦ
ѩȻᡢҲжҶЦʹˣȻֻǣȴ벻ͨƢôá
ҶЦദʱݣȴҪ֪ƢʤжҶЦ㲻ֱηɣѵһٿ϶⣬Ƣġ˷ʱ俴̬仯
ҶЦȻ֪μҵؽͬзǲͬ壬ڱԣڵһλĹȻҶЦڶλȴһξ˵μҵؽ磬˵һѾȷμ֮ˣǿξϣҲҪģʵ֮е顣
ιܼҵļҰ
˼


243 ξֶ
ֻۣȴַǴ˼ʵҶЦͨ
еôηɹЦ״񣺡ԭΪҽѵˣԼ⣬β͵ûһߣййѽ
ͨĻҶЦҲԴͷ
ûԼ鷳һɲĵ̬ȣĿȴΪڳŵʱǡɿͻ֮£Ȼأ˽εıʣҲĳҶЦ˶
أԽԵ˲ԽǸоηɣֱǲٵҪԸͶԸˣαҪ޹·£
ηѵĶҿǣҪһ񲻵ñΪ
ޣôҿˣ»ҿôǾҿˣ
ҶЦи̾һ䣬أҿҿνò˵λӣ϶ǡҡˣʵֹǡҡ̫ùˡ
ֻӦ˵˵ĵù̶ȣֱѾȥ˾񡢰˰ܼȫҰŰʮ˴ǿز
ĳԴֲҪһֵͬܣ˶ѣȴ򲻻뵽ȴ¼ת۵ĹУһӵƬ֮ܵƣ
ǱѾȻ֪ôôģѾҪһʲô̬ȣԣ£Ͽ϶Ҫˡ
ֻҪĲ֣ôλȲҪ˵ȥҪ˵ĳɶһ⡣
Ƕֻ΢С⣬Ϊʲôˣһϵŭ𣬺ĳ֮󣬿Ԥڣ
μңܷȫʵڲֹֹۣ̫ˣ
һҶЦ²Цӵùһ£μʼξļ壬ȵ鷢չһ׶εǣԼǵð֣ܲμҸ̰ɣ
ǣԼʱǲֹܹأҶЦʣû̫İգ
пΪɻǣʮ˴òƾ̫͡ɶˣ
ô˵ε֮飬ǵһȥ˵λȴ޹ǣУӲˣĿңҼȻѾˣνΪˡҩ¨վ˵·糾ͣȻǸմҩȻڿرܵ˼
ηɹЦôϣһɾӸ£бۿӴǣ⻰˼Ҫǣٺ٣ԽҪǣӾԽҪ£Ҫʲôط˵ѵҪĲɣסˣǵĲҶɵģǧҪס
ǿ׳ĺһϼΪ˭
ηɣ˴ˣڿ˲Ҫ̫֣ŭ˵
ηɹЦʲôвҪ̫֣ƫҪ֣ΣɵҩûУϽı¨ҿжмֵĶ
ŭһҧηɣ㲻Ҫ̫
β֪ԶԷƢԼҩ¨浽˶Էôеҩģۼֵߵ͵ģҪԼ޹ϵ
ȻϤ̡
ԼڼеĵλԷȫ޷⡣
˵ûط˵ȥ
㲻ҿʵʲô𣿡ηɹЦҿ㣬㽫ջȥԾûһĹֵһ㣬ҿԵ
ηЦĵһţαôһԴأңҸͲôһ㶫֪ǲǷˮתҾҪһŻʲôҶһţޣ
У֮ɫԽԽŨ
ǵģԼϼһţʹھμңԼǲӵԴûµġ
ӵ츳ǼڣԴӵǼ·֮Լξ˴֮󣻲ξ˱⣻Լһ֧Ҳ˶뱻ѹ
ȻԼ׿ԽȴҲԼһڼλµĶӾ档
һֱڼ֣룬ͨԼĲиŬԼ֧»ص
Ŀ̿ľˣȺԶ٭ȷܵ˼ӡڷ֧ľԽԽãȻһжǰһ֮࣬γ״顣
֮ǰĳգǱ֮ʱͻȻ⵽һ˵͵Ϯ˳ֶѼ͵Ϯ֮࣬ɱ֣֮ͽˣԴ֮ǴһϢݽ룬֮ȻȬǰ֮·ȴѾʹ˶ա
һĹȥһ֧ڼ֮еĵλνÿ£Ѿ䵽˿ҪֶյĵزȻξȥص˼壬֧һ˿ϣһ⣬ξԾɱ˵ͷΪڼҲγڣվ޷ıơ
ξڵһ֧ԾɴڱѹķΧ֮С


244 ˰
˼ʿεıߣηɸӿ⣬ĵˬ
ʱΪʣڼ֮еĵλȻǹԼ峤ӡ
ԼԼֱܴ衣
ϧɲǻԻ㣬һﻹˡ
ȻˣҪǵĴƥ䡣
ֻҪԼһ仰Ϳ⽫Բ⣬ʲô͸ʲôôɾôɣ
Դǰ·Ͼָ֮ηɶѹ裬ֱȥ޼ɵĵز
Ͼ۸һţǷݿСеױȣˬġ
Ϊ㻹һ֧ľܸôģĲ˵ξھȴܽôôôηĴЦԭˣΣ㲻ҪȥҩϣʧƷζ̵ζɣ
ⷬɫԵøӱߡ
ⲻ֪ⷬҲԱߵɫȻһΪ֮£»
ҶЦȻ̧ͷ¶εϲɫֶӣȴǷ֮ʿɽ֮ˣ
η˵Ļƺص֮󣬴Ǻܺã
⡭¶Ҫһˡ
лϲҶЦȫȻûע⵽һ£һߵҲΪⷬ΢΢̧ͷ֮µ۾ҲһӾ۽ϣǡιֶܼӣ
ôԼӦվһ߾ͲҪٿˡ
ţȴסһתҶЦˣɫѿ˵λ֮ʵڱǸǵļ£ûʲôĻλ뿪ɡ
ǿҵİʾߴٵ±ϣǾ뿪ϽæǸæȥɡ
ﻰ⾡ߴ˸Ͻ뿪˼Ͳ˵ߵԽԽáԽԶԽá仰ˡ
ߣηתͷҶЦˣȫζЦ⣺Ҫߵȥ߰㹴ˣ뱾үΪУôû£û£˵Ŀɲ㣡
ĿתһȦ͵ؽĿϣȻĿһЩ˷ܵЦ׾ûﻹиƶ㣬ɴժˣñү
˷ܵĴ֣ЩЩñӿܲ档
仰һ϶ʱֳǿҵķŭԼš
һ￴Ůˣ¶޷ˡ
Ӹеĵ£ԼûֹⳡķֻĿţΪ
ⲻ֪Ϊ仰ҶЦͺѩ˲Լͬعĳ飬ۿǿصĻӾܶ
˵£òڸͷ֮ϵүĻôҶЦͺѩȴǴЩɽֹעλη١
ôɵĵϷ۸ͷˣ
˰
ʵ̫ˣ
ûɶʵûɶûɶûԱȻôͣ
֪ηô
һԼԼҵùֱѾһǰ޹˺ߵĵزһ¸߶ȣһԼڿԼո¾磡
һɵ飬¾һ䷨ҲҪһĴָСӣ̫ˣ
ôϷģƹҲͷһ
ݺŽ˫֣
Եû֮һ
仰һʱ䶼ûӦû뵽¼䣬Ȼ˶Լ˵ֻ
΢΢̧ͷλӣЩ˵㡭ղ˵ʲô
ȻΪԼˣֻˣ
治ϳٶۡ
ʵǡһ֮УǴδ£
ԼժɴҪԼò
ƷһԼܲ棿
ǡ
ʶΪԼˣȫȫţţȻ˸ҵԼԼҪһʱ䶼ˡ
⡭߽֮УȻȵ
ǣԼС֮˵ĵ
ҲҪ˵һηɣμԴӴ汲˵ʵȫһòҲ߱˵仰ʸɣ
ˣװɵηٻû˵һѾüŭүҪ㳤ʲôӣôһ仰Ѳ˻
ԱһһЦֲ֧Ůӣժɴңٿү˵Ѿͷ᲻Ϊ̫ˣһժɴŵ㣬ֻΪү˵Ҫòܳ
ηһ漴ЦаĿΣν֮ˣѿҲᵽûĵزɣһ˵Ǹ˹֣ҹѵƴˣʲôֻҪ㹻ûһĴá


245 ŭ
һЦү治²ĸ߼˵ĹȻеⷽ飬ϴҾһӱէѽǾޣʱҾˣٹȥһƬڣһ۵جΣҲĥҲû²
ηԴЦȴǲΪ裬ҲЦöᡣ
ȴҶЦͺѩָɽֹĿһУֻĿⲻپүµһҲȫС
˵Ȼʲôˣʲôūţ˼ү㹻ͣµūͬĲضãۿ⼸֪ļһѩ˧̲סҪһˡ
Բۣһ͵ޱˡ
ӿõԪƷ۷壬ǿ֣֮֮ǰֻԵĻһòһͬݵڻѾŮħͷһֱĥڣʹ
⼸һȻҵôϷһһٶĵϷ
⡭
ֱ̫ô֣
ѵʵȴľˣ⵨棬Եһȣ
żҶЦȤѩоĵڡ
ѾӦ˹
˲ıŭҪ˺أ
ҲҪըˣ
ڷӦǰôһµɲǣһɼȱ֮Ȼ𣬺֮ѾƬ񷣬ȻִӾȻѹ
εأ
ʵεأ

Ҳ֪˭һ֮࣬ǰʮ׵壬ͬʱоԼͻȻبűѴڵıѩԭ֮УԴӿֳëȻ
ƺǡһӽ˵֮С
ޱߵĿ־壬ֲֻţ󽭾һĲϳײ಻ϣϲ
ǰ󲻹һ˲Ĺ⾰ղзݿڵ٩ļ޿־ˤڵأԺ֮УһƬհס
⣬ȫѪ˲ʱС
ղųԵЦòˣǵѺ˵ڵϣѾ֭ˮ졣ޱߵĿ־壬ǸҲ˵
ֻ÷÷ˡ
ڵ𣬾ֱӱײµĿ־Χ֮С
ġġһſڵϣþƽ˵֡
غһ
һߣһף˲䴩˵Ժ֮С
һ죬Ѫ״֮࣬Դһ㱬ѿ
νԴԽѣǣ
ۼһеηɻ
һ̣оֻʣһͷҡҶʲôôֲĴڣ
ٻԼղŵЩУηɲǼڵóӶˡ
Էû˵ûκζֻһһߣԼ£λԪƷֱԽѣòҲԣ
Ҫ˵֮ǰķƱɫλ˵˵Ǵ˵̸ֱӾ񻰡
һλ֤һĻҲǴ㶡
һ֮࣬͵һͻȫŵתͷӲһ㣬ǸһµŮӡ
⡭ʲôΪ
⡭ʲô״
⡭᲻ֲ̫һˣ
⡭
ĿǰһͻֵѪ죬˼ҲǴһƬհס
ɱˡˡ˴һ˲֮࣬ھһɲǼɢӡ˭õֻվվͿһš
Ȼûüߣֳ
һӾ
ԭҲûʲôؼǣǱصμ֮ˣʹˣ
ŵȫվѹƣ˵Ѫţһֱߣ
μ˹ҵҪ򣬵ܷˣܷܲ
ŭˡ
޷̡
Ҵļˡľһվ߶£ɫɷ׵ĵһƬѪ֮У˵ֱͦͦĹȥΨԼҪһ߱ʬ塣
ѩ㸺Щ˹ֱֱֱֱɱˣظˡֱӷʩкѩѵðײá
ѩǲΪ裬ּɣ죬Цվ
ʼķʩ
⼸һˡ
ȻǰϷŮһףҵϷĶˡ
ֱǺѩ붼벻Ĵ֡
˵Ժ䶯򽭺ʷòƲ೬
ҶСܣôһҶЦߣʵ
ңôҶЦԲһ㶡
鲻һֱڴôô
װɵôμңѵûйϵ𣿡


246 μ
ƢμξֻΪ¿ֱӱܽμȫˡ
ڣȴܲξء⼸˹Ȼܲɱ½ҶЦΪ׵ġ
ҶЦɫһ̧ͷĿãڹһЦȻ֪˭˽ҵһС
СʱƲƲޣʲôһ֪ܲ˭㻯ɻҲ֪˭ѵбҸ˽ôﵽͷţɶɶ˭˵Ҹ˽㣿
ȻˣҶЦν˽⡱ԴͷʵλŮ˳ҶЦҲ֪ܡ˽⡱Լֱ̫˽ԼˣݹҶЦûбֻ˵˽ˣ
˽⣬û֮һ֣
Ǻã¾ȫȨɡҶЦͷ
ԣ⼸ˣôһҪûأתͷŵϹŵļˣɱ⣡
ǵȻģ㲻˵ҲŹǵġҶЦĵͷ
ҶЦҲһӵŭļһҪʲôûʲôȻҲҺаԵ
ǣȻ˸ǣ
ұ۸Ķ󣬾Ȼξֶӡ
̵ģ
ԼڴˣƮƹԨԴƾϷһڣμұȻһƮƹҲǶ϶ϲԼƷΧڣеطðųϣΣμҲǱģ
֮£μң治֪һǲң


λֵܣҶЦԼ߹΢Цʵ
ǣ˼ȴں棬˵δˣϽ߰ɣȵĸֵ߶߲ˣһҪ뿪ˣ֮ĵؽĿ־壬ֻҪӳ򣬱
˵գ̾һĵȻ̫̫⡣
ΪҲһ־磬Լܵ裬ڵĽȴֳηԼ鷳ѾһˣԼĸ׺ֳ£һֱš
ȴû뵽ηһԼ鷳ⲻԼȴɱ֮
ڵǡ
ˣô죿
ԼǾ뿪ӳίʵѾǰ뵽Ψһ·ڣ
֮˲ȷΣֻҪܹ׷ϵ֮ǰӳ򣬱ҵ׷δػ׷ϣ
׷ϣɽߺȴֵ׷ɱһ
ǲܼʱߣȵ˵ôҲŹǵġ
⼸˱ֳܾ˵ʵǶμңǿ֮һһֱӵļ޷ӦԵĲֹۣ
ԣ򼺶ʣǲϣǷ⣡
лΪôǣǲߵġҶЦЦЦҪţļ˹£ɲôˡ
ЦЦΣǶҪһģڼ
ԵԲ۾һʱ䣬һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ǷǵѾɱμҼӺĹѪ֮УѾĪ˺òãػҪʲô
ҶЦ۾ЦЦļ˵ģûµġ
ȷʵ£ôܻ£
ԼΣҲʲô⡣
ؽ磬Ī˵ǺѩѾɱһУһУһУ
ҶЦûдﱩ¶Լ
ֻҪξ֣ҶЦͲǰ
Ѿȷϣξص֮òƹò˳ġ
ȻˣͳŽ죬Լͺѩμһ
£һǶ˵һͷ
ҶЦš

μҡ
μ峤ʱ˵ǺЩͷöΪֹѾһˣȫڲʲôмֵҩûҩģȻҲ޷㹻Դ
ϼˣܹԱļȫԱ˳ȥջ޼ûԴôҲζһ彫Ҫߵͷˣֻܻ𽥵ûȥ
صԴѾɹȫռˣЩ߸ϵţȭͷȺˣеԴȺУҪԴԣֻҪпԽԴҩģ򣬱ƾʲôԴ
μռݷԲǧɽĴ壬ҲƬϻȡҩǣôµĿɣԭΪԶҲɷҩԽԽ٣벻
ǧҪäĿʲôȡ֮֮ߵıɽǰǧĿɣѾμɽΪ̡
ԭֻҪڴɽתһȦҵһЩҩ
ڣȥЩɽ󣬻ͱϸѰ֮⣬ĵطѾȫҲˡ
״βץ


247 ʦ
峤ڵľҪôźأ
ʲô취Ҳֻץʣµʱ䲫һٴһ³ȥѰҩˣҪȥϵûлˡ̾˿ѾĩΣҪڴѩɽ֮ǰҵһīһֻҪκһꡭܽǰȼü֮
峤ҪҪξҲȥһ˵һƲˣ̽Ŀ˵һ˵۾һ͵͵峤ɫ
ξüͷ̾˿ҡͷ˰ɣ˭ָӵöλүŲ£Ѿˣôȣý֦
仰˵úԹʵξƢǻ𱬵˷ָĵزصŲһʱ䣬Ѿֵ¼Ȯ
֪类ֶĪΪ֮λδүһͽμһѻˡ
Ҫүӳ潫֮ǿѹڵμѾһƬ桪λүʵĴûء
ξҶͷߡһõĴ̶ͷòôʰ
˶а̾˵ʵʵ½粻ôʵ½ǻôôƫƫҪʲôѵ֪Ҳô
ȻҲ˶֧֧ξġ
峤̳ξĴֻΪξ鷳Ϊֳ޹ǣ˼̳˱
˵޹⻰һ㶼ûġ
ڵ飬μһֱԾǷֳɶɣ˴ˮݣ
ξʵ˵ξôڽļ̳˵λҲϵɡ
ԭĪس˷ˣȻû֤ݣȴ֪ʲôµ֣˴˵ìҲԽΪ˸ȨȻֶټţͼǰ;
˵Ļ飬˵ξǰʵʸμӵģξıܾμӣڳѷ֮ԣҴ粻峤ļ飬Ӳμӣ˵ʲôҲҪһﷴס
ڵУǶǷ
ǱԵĶ
Ȼøۡ
ȴǺް취
ϾξһΪԪƷμ֮УȱõóսμҶԣǲĶ
֮ʣͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ漴һĳ´峤ˣˡ
ʲôֵĴС֣üͷʲô·ȻײǴ֪
֪ηүڣһǿץˡмҲԷɱˡ
һľʧ룬졣

һм˶վ
ηɱץˣҲɱ
ôܣ
˭ôӣѵǳıӵŭһϣμҵĵ̣˭ô޷죿
ԷˣһŮϹˣֱǻûߡӾǱߵǼȥˡѶ߻󺹣ȻֻǶ̶̵һξ룬ȴǼܵĶ
ߣȥ˵ɱ֮ȻûߣʱһӴʲôУҵҪ˭ô֣Ҫμҵĵһ
һ
ô£
Ϊʲôᷢ£
ԭأ
һߣһ׷ʡ
ֻϧѶ˷ǵˣҲ֪ô£ҲȻҲ˵ͲȻٸһ߶μȴ׷ڶ²⡣
϶Ǹ֪ߵغı˻
򣬾Բܷ¡
ηɵƢҿɶ֪ġ
Ǿһ裬ֻ֪м֪ˡӲ競ͽ
ԷμҵĵϣɱμҵˣȻҲߡ
ôԷȻ̣
ԷȻˣʵֻ·ͬСɣֻ´ǿУ
һ㣬ԷǸ֣鲢ǺصĻ˼ֻҲˣδԸηһʶ
˼ʾŲߣζšηǵ鷳̫
˼ִⲻߣҪָ˵
ò˵Щ˵Ĳ²⣬Ѿܷǳʵ
вɵ̾Ϣڵηɣͬӵ峤ӵݣǱ֮أԱȣֱ࣬ر
츳ˣŻ磬ˣνгɵϼѽӰˣڵηɣȴֱӾһǽࡣ
ŷϵӹֻΪԼһ˽μҪǻ£ǲǲӦˡܶ˳š
μһٶȷɿ·ص㡣
ۿҪߵ·ص㣬ȴһĺңң


248 
һڱ˶š
ˣ
ȫˣ
˶¶ѵǳʺģеģֻʺϲȺģ
ϥǣˣϥǣҪһߣʮأȫһߣײ˻ô쵰ģҪôˣ
漴ǡžһ죬ƺһǶ⡣
Сۡһ֮ƺǰ³һʲô
𣿼ı׼λҲҪһֱߣжͷؿڣ
ž
ע⣬ԼվͷѾĳ򶼲֪ô̧ͦͷֱͦҲֱͦ˹ȥ
ž
ľȻμҵ峤֮ӣôܴزʱǲͷˤɶˣ
ʲô˵Դ㵽ûӣ߳ù

ڸϵͷӭǵľôʻһĻ
ѪصһĲҵ
һѪ֮Уʬ壻˿̣ʬѾմĲӬȳӣѪһء
صѪУĹʮˡ
еû롣
˲°͡ͷǰء󱳡ϥǡĵȵȣʮ˶ǺгһֱߣһͬʬһһҲԶ
ϵı飬ֻп־塢ŤҰס
ȻѾǺµ˼
мˣ¸ǲϵˮգȴѾŵǰѾƲסˣˣԾɱűͦĹˣ˿ҳ
Ͼһ©ͽȪû˸ԣ
״ûιȥ
Ϊŵ֮У谮Сӣηɣ
һеһǸ
ֱͦͦġ
ۿ׵ηڿϣ˾ǣмʱһ춯صĲҽУҰ
δ֮ʣѩһǰһһƺݺȥ
žһ࣬ȴǽһĴˣ
Ǹģ˶㾹ȻƻΣҿǲˣʵ㣬Ī˵ˣүүүʮ˴ȫˣҲûã
ѩɷ֣һ̣һ˵ĹӣţƣаԵΪ
״ɫʱһĿѩʲôˣμӵܣΪ
ѩŵһЦۣμӵܣˣˣ̫󰡣ô𰡡
ؿڣһµӣѽѽˡ
̬ȣ棬ȴа㺦µ˼
ٶڰɵСˣ棡ˣ˸߲ң⡣
Ϊһ峤οƺѩ⣬ʱ̡ŭڡ
ֻʱԱߵҲ˿ʼ˵ʼĩϾ򡢹̶ܼ򵥣Ҳ˵ˡ
ɫѿ˶ûв´µΪԼӣͬҲٸ꣬ͬѾ˲ݣ֮໹Ҫĵǣ޹֮ˣ֪ˡ
⾳˵׾Ǿȡ˺ȡ
μ˹Ȼһŭ죬ҶЦ˸ϽˣһȴˮۿҪδ¡
ԼĶӲ˲ɷΪ裬ضμҵڻк˽⣬֪׮µжҿ峤Ҫôɣ
в˸̾ϢһΪηɳݹȥ³һ죬Ԩ
峤ѾȻڲ֮ȺθɣǿԳͷֻΪһСͻɱȻǻϰݣ˹μȲأûһͽ
ˣҽȺϤ£зߣɱۣ
һ£˶֪λμ峤Ҫܲ˵Ҫվڶһˣεľȡεʮ⡣
ҪΪӳͷ
ĻĵߵڰףǷǣʵʵŲǵ˵Ҫȭͷ£ڶԾԱߵһλˣȻȫȻ֮ǸûпμţżȻɨһۣҲǳޡ
黹Ϊ쵰Ҷ˴
½ˣϷҪãܣ
һˣ壬һ֧ȫҲԣ
ţμ֮Уһվ˳峤˼ǷǺڰ¸ηɾȡǾ᲻úܿ࣬ҲҪԷúЭ֮̽ǣοĵߵڰףǷǣСμң
˵ϣŨŨĳأ峤˼£Ҫϼǧںεأ


249 ɱ
ʮ֮£ͷͬ
ڽ鱾ԷֶȷʵǹںǣǷֱһۿɼ˼ȡ֣ʵʵڵԼ˷˴
ηɳʱ޼ɵ״Σˣ裬β˺ģ
ǾôĨɱĵĴ֣ʵĲ
ŭȵصߵڰˣѵûɱǵˣûеɶʵȻǰĿϣ֪ʲôʱμ¾Ȼˣˣ
Լӱ򡢱裬ԼѾˣԷԾɲˣȻŰѾͬըһ㡣
Ǻ޲һ̾ͽӾȳ˭˭ǣίʵǰҲˡ
˿̣ҶЦɫЦЦˣ峤˼ܴµ˭˭ǡ˭˭ǶĶӣ
ŭֹǲҪҶӣһΪµ鸶ۣμʲô˶ģ
ҶЦǵĹЦݸԣ峤ǲǿ⣬֪ӵĴ֪ӷ޶ҲҪ̻ݣҪҲҪάϵϣ
ǣйۣ治ɫͳǵμҵһ㣬ȴҪ˵
ҶЦЦЦ̯̯֣ף޻˵ˡ
ͷ˵֪峤֮ˣǷô룿ͬ峤ľ
ޣϷҲϹͬһߣһͨ죬ŭȵ˭˭ǣǰģڰ׺ܻ˱۾˵˵ߵڰףһУϷΪ飡
仰μҹطֳվνμ
ҶЦ״ͷζЦЦԺѩ˵˼Ѿѡôôɡ
ѩЦ˵벻Һѩݺ£ʱ˵ش˿̾ȻҲһΪĺ£Ķʵ̫һ㣡
һоһƬһԲɱδ¶ȴӯ
ѩϵһγһɫѩ׵ĳ
˽֮ĺɽѩ
𣬾ͺһ˲䣬˼ҳıɱ֮ɾʾ˺ѩݡ
Ů֮УܹϢ֮УȴֻһˣԹŵҲδһˣܹıϿᣡ
ѩ
Ǻѩ
ѩͺѩֳ徣
μ֮¾ǺȻ󾪣겻塣
Ȼ򣬵Ϣ۷֮еĴȴ֪ܲ
ǿߵǽ˱޵ĹΡˣΪǵԪһƷĸ֣ǶȻοǺѩպյ۷֣
Ȼ֪ǲȡеأ
ȻĳܣǿߣֱӾŻĴʧ
ǣ졭
ſڽ࣬źѩأԲţҲ벻ԼĶǵˣȻλ˵еɱ
Ȼòֺ쳾ıѩͣ
ղһĲ»Ѿһ˵ĹūһļһȻǴ˵֮Уһѩ°򡢶˼ıѩͺѩ
᲻˳ӣðѲ˼ıѩͣ
ĵ׷һһָȻ֪΢΢һԣǿԼ˼ȥǴ˲ĺѩҲҲתμҿð֮ˣ߻Խ˽ύıѩ͡
ϧһ̺ѩӿĺͽμˣһĻɡңȫһɶ
źХŰ˶ܵԼ˼ʾ²شڱѩɽۣبźʴ壻ɲ֮䣬˵÷˰ף
ڳģǱʲôλĸ֣ӦȫһμҶ֮УΪߵλϣԪһƷΣֵҲ˸ãͬǻɪɪɫףüëͷϣȻ֮һ˪
ˣжѾû˰㻳ɡ
ƣĸо֮£˱ѩ֮⣬Ҳûеڶܹ
ԭ˵еǿߣ
ڣ治Ǳѩͺѩȴμǲ˾͵ŵĳǿߣĳǿߣ۱˭һǲǺѩҪˣ
ǰ鰡ѩ𳤽ҪԼӿΣ׳ŵӴһ
ѩĽͣ˰գͷСеĸʲôɱ˺Ŀʹ£ôĸϽұ죡ǴɱȤȫɱˣø˸ôǵĻ֨


250 ɱ
ҪʲôѩίʵǲġҶЦҪʲôѩȴ֪ú
ڣе鶼ѾȫʻˣЩҲûи˵ȥˣһУҶЦ뷨¡
ûκˣ赲
μң
ߣͼߣͬҪ
μڳˣվһߣֻǶģȫˡ
ղһͿ쳣Ѫȵĳ棬ԼõѶϢ֪һηǵĻ¿ǲСˣԷɱ֮Բϰݣ´ˣ̣ҼߵݣֻһЩͷμεĸ߹ԷݣȴҲ벻оȻѩͺѩڣ
ѩͺѩʲôˣ
ݹҲϵĴߣμĪ˵ǵǣİͽҲǲʸģڣȻĵĴɫǻкô
ֱžǰòã
Ѿγɶμ˼Ȼһ˼ţˣˣ
治ܹ̫ۣμ˵һҲһ壬ѩֻҪɱģμұȻһϦ𣬶ңԲỨѩ
˵Ƿ֮ףѴֻ֮Ҳ࣡
鰡һǰǰдС֮ʧղǰѵ̣Ѿ֪ԼĴν֪ܸĪɣôҲﲻ׻˵֪߲Ϊ
˼ʵǰʵˣ־֮£˵״εĻ֪һİıⲻ֪˵Щǰìܣƾ㺮ѩԭɱ֣ߴߴᣬҲɱ죬ĵķˣ
ֻڲ̴ֵˣȴֲǺѩӦµɱ֣ǵݻ
ѩ죡
תתͷҶЦɫʵϴʲô˼
һʵǰʣΪѾˣ⼸˿϶ɡѩôһʣҲǶŻ˶ѡ
أ治ò˵˧һɤӵ˼ԵЧ
ղ˵ѩͺѩʲôˣ
ǿ򶥼֮еĸ˸˸߸ˣ
ôˣλ߸˵ϴʲôˣ˵ʲôĸأ
μ£ԭԼǵľ纮ѩȿֲ˴˷ָĳȴܹû뵽ԱߵǸ꾹ȻݣȻǺѩϴ󣿣
⻰ҪǺѩڰ˵˭ģ
Ѿǻѵʵܲô
һ˲䣬μҶЦĿ⣬ֱǸɽֹ
ҶЦᣬȻҪװƣǾҪװȫףת˵㣬¶ô죿
μٶˢˢһ
һ̣Щ͹ͬιȥ
ѩϴ󡭡ղŽŮʲô
㣿
ѩϴĴ㣿
òηɡ˵ǶŮϷ
ԺѩϴĴϷ
˴˼ŹڵϵηɣȫһּҪ˵Ŀ⣺ˣֱҪ嶼صư
ǶԷ˻ֻڳμˣ¾ܽηһڿڵĻˡ
ڶ֮µ̲סۣν
֪ܲҶЦô˵ôı⣿
ͽ¶ԣҶЦȫȫȨκκ󻼣Ӳν󻼣ȻɱЩҲκ⡣
ҶЦȴ´ĻᣬָԼ˻
ȻҶЦôԭҲףȣҶЦ֪ԼҲŹЩˣȨԼƽһԼϸϸ飬ԼôҲҪ飡
ڶԭҶЦͳȨҪأҶЦϾҪξΪģԨԴԶЧĨɱ
ۿϾҪط꣬ȻЩζӯʼμұ֮ˣҶЦҲҪξһӣҪ½ξλ
ҶЦȨͳԼ
ϷҪɱˣɺûϵҲС
ԣ˿̵ҶЦĵ׺ǿ֣⣬ô۵ģ˵ˡ
ȴ֪˼ʡˡѾˣС쵰ԼֻˣȴԼͷβĵ
㲻Ϊξ鷳ѵҾˣ
ҲϿɵ˺òãСӣλҺãܲΪ룿
ģȻͷúõСӣ
ˣ⼸ҲȷʵҪɱģСӵһᣡ
Ĺĵźѩһۣŭɵˣ˻Ͻˣѵ㻹Ҫ⼸˵ڹ


251 Ե
ǰһҲ˵ΪѩװƶܽŭҶЦϣҲҪξȻһνӻйλıѩϡ
ǼҪļһУӣͲʸ񶼲߱
һȣѩӶȻһʱһɡƨߡо֮£ŭͷ𣬶򵨱ݺݵȻ۵Ӱﲻ۵ɫ˼䣬Ⱦã
ѩһӣһããȻ
ֻѪƮƮءһƬã
ҽ𣻵ԭһŵӵˣ촦
һ߾Ȫ
ؿԼ۰СӾԼǰ촦֮ǰ˫۾ǰζؿԼȡ
ǿԴѾɵ˿תÿһתʱȵ񡭡
һĻһĲҽУһ˹ȥ
ɻлȻûаĸǰһĻ
û˿ĽͣҲòмڡ
ɱˣɱˡ
һֻҪ͡ɡԭЩô
ԱߵҶЦȴΪп
η̸׵ƣôãյĶᳵ·ȻǸɹٴƵ飻Ѳ֪亦
һ
η֮Ը޼ɵ£Ϊ˳Ϊˣ¾Բ˿ڲᣬպҲᡣ
һ£ηɵĲԼһλѰòŮӣôΣ֪
η£μڲξμҡġ
󣬻Ҫһ㣬ǡƽ޵ģȼǿȴרŮӵˣ
ֻҪɱ
ţȫ壬⣡
μ峤üͷҶЦһۡ
ҶЦһ£üɱڿ񱩵֣Ϊλιӣˣ֮棿
ҶЦǰǿԼȶǵϣˮ
죬μҵļȶĿѾﵽˣһĿ꣬ǰμҼ϶Ҳǲٻȥġ£ǾǸξ鷳ˣֻۼ
أȴҲھɱ
ɱҲҪʽģ˼ʱ㶯֣ȫ
μȻԾĻֲ̿ǷӦ˹ΪֻԴУ֪ͽͣҲҪ󡢽߾ȫŬ
ȻǲʲôһƴԱʲôģϾҲ֪Щ˵ʵʵ̫ǳƴԱҲԶԺѩʲô˺ֻԼӴԼڣ˶ѡ
ǵڣϤΧֳϿҵ̬Ȱ棺ǰ
˵òǺѩʵȫҶЦȴֲҿ̫ԣǳֹһ֣Ƭ֮ȴֽٶתأٶȽӴΪҶЦǱѩݵ˰
ԷǺѩϴ
ҶЦֳͬϿңڰĸǣȻǺѩϿɵϴ󣬵ʵֻԪƷΪʵʲôðĶǺѩ
μҲȻΪ⣬ΪѩϴһݣѾ̫㹻ˣԵĳˣ
顭μҼȻѶ˽״ֿǰ棬ȴˢˢɵۡ
˵˻£Ҫʲôˡ
ǿǰҲֻҪһǾʵʵ֮
ٲκνң
ʲô£ɱЩ˻Ҳ˻ôҸղѾ˵ˣϴ˵㣬ҪظôԣҵĽҲûԣѩڳһٷͣϵһĽ뽣ʡ
ҶЦٶ̲סĳ鴤һ¡
ʱʱ̶̿ˣëֱѾ裬ǹ⣬
ѩˣ˧ˣ˧Ļȴ˸Ҳ£ٵǰμҲң
ҶЦ˶Լ߿˹ǵȻЦЦԵʻᣬԵͣһѡ
ڵȴμҸ߲㵽ʱҶЦ͵չһľƣͷġξֶӣȻأҶЦԣȴֲʲôڵ֮ǰ㲻⡣
仰էһμ˶ʱϲ
ԵʻᣬԵͣ
λȺѩҪߵĸˣǿ
˼һ¶μҵ˶ڵǰȡᣬֱӾǸÿǡһηǳ˴ϵʱһ겻һͿأһȴǿԮ
һҪַ򣬶ŵϺšμҸܿܵĴǿԮ


252 ʯɽ
ˣμҸ߲Ӧ֧һߣֻ˵ѡ֧һߣ˵
ע
ԱߵȻ̧ͷҶЦĿ⣬ɲǼòšţ
λ忡ŷĹӣȻԼˣ
Դ鷢վηˣ۸ȫˣȴҲû˶࿴
ԣг֮־һ˵ͷ˵壬ȴпʲôʲô
ȴû뵽ҸȻ֮졣
еڱһգ
Ѿڱǡɱһɵ
ΪһԣڶǸ֮ԴҶЦҲǼˣǿ¡
ҶЦ˼ȻμׯȻҲҵ˾Υξ֮ء
Լλ壬˼һ״ںȾƣȻֳ֪弱ԮսξȴȫȻĮġ
ϸǺݡ
ȫĲܲʡ
ҶЦв̾˿徹ǶԼļѾˡ
ǵΣа취
˵Ŀνһеģǵμҵǰı׶ڡμϹ˵
̬ȽһϿңͺҶЦ˵ʵһ㣡
ҹҶЦȡһƿ㵹ŵҩȥ
ɣ޵˵ŵҩ
Ȼμһ˵ˢˢظоԼ֤һ漣
ԭţڵľϵķϲģڳſƽƽĵҩ֮󣬲һյĹ֮󣬾ȻľȻȫָ
ңͣͲǰΪһ¥
ߣʣҲ
漣Ǿֻ˵һΣ
һ㣬ζôĳΣ
ɵֵ״̬ƿɱ֮鵤ϲ¥ǵɵ֮ҩЧʤҸԣ֮ǰλרƵĵԪԼ˿̵޸ָϢĵ񵤣Ӵܣʶ֮޷˵ҩƷףνز¶ʡΪ鷳
Ȼ˿кѩԣֻԪƷҶЦμ¼֤˹漣ǰҶЦҩıȻ
£ҲͽĽĻԵԼҶЦྴηѣָ鵤˹Чô˵ıֵжأ
߲˵϶ߵ׾ˣ
ۿһĻ˶ͻȻðĸ֣һִ˵֮еֶΣʯɽ
ֻǽŷ飬ȴμ˸о˼ڵ߸ֻѩʱվ˳˵ҹ۴Ӹǲף츳ˣеϼѲϣȻϴԵҾʹһķһ׽ѧһƷһײȻ󡭡ٸһȭɡ
μ˼Ŀ࣬𺳣
⡭ʲôǴ˵еȫλǴڣѩǵͬ²ˣ
ģһ˸㰡
ֹһɣֱӾһ˺òã
ѵϱȹֽʲôģ˸
һԵҶЦһӵĺߣˡ
ΨһͷҪٶȺݺݣȭȭ⣬͵غ⺮ѩһ٣ǡ˵ġʲôһķ̡һ׽ѧһƷ͡һײһȭ
ѽҾȻʶĴʻȻôķḻأôôḻأҶЦ죬б۾ĿⲻƵĿʱ޿̲װƵĺѩ
ѩһƵ˵ԵСͬڵȻҲԵ
ҶЦߡ
ҿѩ˰ɣҶãǿ˳ۣΪξԨԴڣѾôһϵôôѧ˵ҿǷˣ
⻰û˵ˣҶЦɣԼ˵ˣѩҲܼ˳ϣȻʶ֪ξ˭Ҳ˳ۣȫ㿴˳ۣͲҲ˳ۣһǴ⿴˳ۣ㵥ˣ
мڴˣҶЦֻʱԣ޵УȻԣ

μұҿʼ޴
һϵʱ㣬ȫɱɱһ㴦һǧˡ
һǧ˻ǹԣҲμҵ֮ˣⲿĹִһӲ֪жٱ
һȥ֮󣬻һμ˶Ϊ֮飬з·ȤһĿʼȼű񣬿ʼֻһң࣬˺ɴǼ⣻ԲǧϤŵƽʣ
ǳֱͬһ㡣


253 ξ
ȴμڵİգףԴףڽ˵һˣܹѹˣԴ˶Ǽ֣̾ۡ
ˣԷܵμҼſڣμҳϻڣߵͷʾл
μҸ߲Դǲ޵ء
ڴ֮ǰڶμҸ߲Ҳ֪Щúܹ֣ȴҲû뵽ȻѾ͵ŭԹĵز
ﲻǰлȺμҼʱʱһ޵ݵĸоΧ֮У治֪ʲôʱһصμңȻٲһĵزˣ
Ҫ¹ʣˣܽһϵֻƾżڶҪ˵ңңڣܲܶùӮЩˣδ֪֮ء
ݸлʵ֮
һ߱лţһձָоҲǡˡ
ֻԽַΧ֮УμҵǼλϿԽĺͰ
Сӣǰ;
ֻǾڴʱһλߴϵĴͻأʳһ伸λ벻ľ֮
ξ˼ڲڼҶЦ΢ЦڵĻܷ˼ҳһԭ԰ݻ˼ң˼ʵбʣð˼ҳһۣ
ξ壿ݼμҼλ۾ɵüɳۿٿҶЦ񣬾ţţ޷ţ
һ֮࣬ڻȻλ֮Գֶͨҽ˺ѩĴȤʵΪξоɡ
ξôȻôǿĺأ
ˣ˿Ŀ˲ͬ
Զ׼֮ǰִư
ԷνġԵ˳ۡĻٷְٵľдԭʵǡξҲ֪ʲôʱһλʵͨ쳹صѣ
˴ȻδõλѣֻλѵĺǰΪξˡ
ȣʵǿûˣ
ԭμңţƵξ
ôǿƵرɫĹӣȻڰĽξ壿˼ңҪݼ
һʱ䣬μ߰λϵ𺳣ֱͬʱĵһĪĿɬȻ
֪ξͨĹϵǿƵҪ࿴ǿԼ˶ԵȨ֮ܲŲʣ
ξֵԾμ£ô˵μҵָͿԽ
һ㣬ֹǽѣǿһͳҲ˿Ϊѣ
ֻڡѾֵܶ˱ƵɽˮĵزƫƫʱԷǿԮˣˡ

ҶЦǹŵ΢ЦȤǰμҳɫһһһס
˽֮ξμҵĵλע״򲻶˰ɣ
Щˣʼǲȫɱġ
μʼһֻξһ֧˵˵ƹ£ѳ
һУȫξԼȥðɡ
˽ֻ֮˵Լ˵ݻᡱǾ仰֮ξڼ֮ӵоԻȨʸȻ޿ɶҡ
ô죬ôɡ
αԼģ

Ժ
ξһּȣһ־ƺںȾƴڳ⣬ңúܣʵȴǷϡ
ػξ˵ʲô벻Լ֮״ȻǴΪԼǣϵ峤֮λ
ôҶÿһʱͻԴҶ죬οһԶӵģξȴûյκεμ£ûȥԼξ˵ùȫȻڻʵһֱĻԹֱ֪Ǵ粻ȥԼǣԼҲѱˡ
Լǣж峤֮λֲ֪֮˶ԭΪʮһԼ츳ֶǱ°ַΪ˷ˡ
ξԣԼļҲûаͬпܣ뽫ȫ
ξϴҶЦ͵񵤣ȻξȷǵҩǷֳֶӵжȻкתξһ֮󣬽ҽֳֶӵĳ嶯ǿѹˡ
񵤣ʲôԼ˵ֳֶǵ״ˣͻȻתۺת˭Ҳ뵽ȻԼոջ˴ĳЩ鵤ҩĵرɵġ
ԼʵȻʤʵμȴԶԶ
ξһֱڵȻᡣ
ԼΪٸһЩܹЩꡭ
ҩȴҪǿŲãξΪˣֹǼ尾ֿݵģ
һ鷳ξȫȻ޶ԣ
ξԣμ鷳
̫ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ΪһЩֱӽμǲõġ
ɹĵطϴȥʲô壿


254 ֶ
ҪμҾʹ˸Լɴֳֶӵȱ֧Զ߸߷ɣƾԼֶӸԼЩٴμҲʲô£
ˡܼҼҴҵķɱүǰȥһˡ
ξЩɻλܼң쵰ʧķ贫Ϣ˰ɣ
ԴӵһصһֱҲ䲻
ôһүүӣ
ξ֪ʾԸܼҵӵԸܼһʹᣬм㣬ʮֳĳϿҵ̬ȣµĽһүүԱԼүүҪ׽
Ҳܼңμң֪淢ʲôµˣξùϵֻԭĹϵܹһ㣡
û˶ٺôô
˭Ķ˭β˭ۺ죡
ķˣξб۾һôأμ˻ûɱ⣿Ȼͽˣûģ
λܼһΣү˵Цˡ£ǧĪҪЦǺǡ
ǺǸƨЦƨЦξһֲҶӣȤ㿪ЦΪ˭
ܼҿЦãֵ˵ү֪һҲ飬ʶ񣡵ǡʱ˵ʵ˭ҸӴһˣǾһҲԵ³СҲźһҪүǧ°˵ȻʱСĲҺͶү׽ȴҲûΪѹүҲûйòдͲҪΪСˣӽҾ͵үүôţɲ
⻰˵ĵǹҲ̫ˣòеأ
ξкһôھ͸˰Ҫҵүүţҿûôӣ
ȿȡܼҿЦţԸҵʲôʲôҸ˵װɣȫͬˡǻѾȫնɱļЩ߶ҲѾȫˣնɱٶˣʣµĴԼİٶҲˣٶ˱μҡڵμңѾǡ
ʲô˵ʲôξһվ鼸ɳۿ⡭ô£
ԴϲүȥܼҹӣһǫӵС
ߣ
ξһԾ߳ȥЦһߣһ߸ϸ˵˵ôģ̫ˣ˵ڱ׸Ͻˣֱǡˣ˭ôţƣξֱˡ
Ҵ磬ֶӣεĶͷӦþҵˡ۹
ξЦ
еĴ硢ֶӣȻԼ״үҶҶЦӡ
仰λܼҶʱһ󺹣磿ֶӣˣ
ӴιԭζүȻͨĹϵ
һ·ߣܼһ·СŸţһͷ󺹵Ľ͡
ҵѣֶӣݼξһߣһɻ󣺡ţƵѣѩѩͣǰ߸ϵĳڣɶʱˣǸʲôϴ󱲣ⶼĸģ⡭
ξԽԽתԽתɻء

һͷˮξ˴Ҳûԥȥ
ӭ濴ģȴǰ˸ӭ˳ǺǡСˡϴ˿̵ĺͰ֮Уòƻ¶һЩֺĵ˼
ξʱµļƤð˳һףССƨٸô˵ү}Ļţ
ξͷ˴
ҶЦҪЦ
С
ԭԼ徹Ȼ⾭֡
ֱСǿСᲢˣ
ȻˣξԼǾ仰СƨҲ֮ա
塣ҶЦξʱվӭ
һͷˮξһ۾ͿҶЦ㼴ʱιȥӶ۾ĶסҶЦһЦЦ㣿
ҶЦšһͷ
ȴ֪һߵĺѩӾֳ鴤飬ֱɲΣŤ֮¡
ЦЦ
ǰһСѾԼ޿ЦЦ޾ޣ̫ˣ޵
ֻأЦЦԼҲ͸нСҪԼҳƺһ֣Ǿһܱ̾ҶЦƤԼϴƤǵ£ǡξҲԪƷΪôʸܹҶЦ֣
ţ԰ҪǴЦЦϴ㣬ξ񲻱ԼҪһ
ģ
۹ҵ˭ԭҴֶˣúãξ쳤Ц˵ԸӣߵҶЦǰֻذסҶЦļ򣬴ϵϸϸ֮Ա
ôûίˡҲˡξĵļһףͨ졣


255 С檣޷
ҶЦһĪů
ξԼĹģȫķģޱѵС

СӣˣȮӰξ˵ùЦ漴ĿһӾ䵽ͷңۣխɴϣʱһӸ˵ĴЦЦЦСб°֪͹ǾȻһˣʵ̫ˣ
ҶЦĿξȻǲ֪ξ˵ʲô
СӻװҾϲôȷʵǾϲξЦ漴Сӵ˵ãȻԼҵ˱Ҵһң֮ǰҿǻ˲Ѱ䣬ȴͽ޹Ǹùﰡ
ҶЦɫʱһ䣬ֹξ壬ϴˡ
ҶЦסʵξĻ̫ɶһ㣬ʲôˣ֮ǰΪηɳԵϷŭɱ֮ξģһŭأ
߳ŭԼξкѩڳˣȫҪ
ξȴǹЦ԰ȻƨСӻװװʲôװ˫۾಻ɳӣϴˣﲻѾͷҪǱҾͰҵӿٳݲȣ˵ԱѾͷϤСҲδؾʤң
漴ξĳ˵ҿɸ˵ЦЦƮ㣬¿һҪúöԴǣô˵һҵҪģˣһģ
ξָѾͷҲǳңѵίˣٸ҆£ŲӴӳ㣿
ˣ
һ졣
ȴվһߵĺѩţɫԽԽ죬£ͨһˤڵء
˼ʺѩԴΨһĸоֻ죬һʱ䣬˵ɶҲǷӦ
С檣
Ѿͷ
⡭
ѵҪôѩһֱͷһʹࣺǿˡ⵽׶ʲôҵ찡
ò˵С檡֣ѩĳʵ̫޴ˣֱӴûˡںѩ󽣿仰֮ѣһ

ǿ
ξ˵ȻָӲҪ˵ҶЦС檣ʲô˵б۵ġ
ѩڻɣξǲѾ֪˭Ҫզϵôã
֮࣬ѩҲ뵽ҶЦ뵽⣬ȻҲɫ䡣һ쭣Լǵסۡ
ҶЦЦ壬ίʵϴˡǲǱĲǡ
ڵҶЦֻܰϣ˽ԼҪԣԼȡɸƵĶأܹ飬ֻһٽѵֻⲻˣ
뵽ҶЦЦݿöҪˣξɲǺѩѩȻѣȴ֪أ֪ʲôǲǣ֪˭ξӣƢʲôҲܲˣһСŮ˵Ůӽѵ̵ģ
ξأҡͷôϴˣʲôǱҿɸС˵СҪҶԱѾͷʼСӡ
˵ţתͷϸϸؿһ
ǱվŲһɭĺȴȻ
Ϻô
ǣ治ǣ
ֻǺƣ
ԼһֱڿϢĿʶҲȫأ±˳֪ξûпԼͱ˳
ܲƣ
Ҫ˵ξȴֲȻξǶԼĺõˣǼһָ׶ŮĹذͳղŽѵҶЦЩͿɼһߣԼôܶԼõأ
˵ˣ˼ξ˵ʲôҶЦС檣ݣͲþʵݣ
ǱĿ
Ʈƹϯ
״Լȥ
Ҫ˵ҶЦͲ֪ξ桱û
壬ϴˡҶЦæξĴСУѾе㰧ˣĲǡ
ξһɲĿ૵治ǣǡ
˵ˡ治ǣҶЦ϶ͷ
ξʱڨڨġ
ղһҶЦ֮ٿ۵ĸоǱˣиˣͲ˼Ľ˳
˼ϸһǵһ۲죬ŮòصģԼò۴κηҲò˼ҾǱĽ۰ɣ
οʣΣоһ
⡭
ξԼЩ֣ϴ˲Ҫ˼ҵ涼ûϴҸղôˣôͲ˼ĳڶģ


256 ɽӲ
ɶ˼ξЦһĳһʱϴˣﺣ
ξȻƢԱңȴˣȻ־ֻԼ˲Ž
ǰĺŮȻ治ǱҲԼˣ϶Ҫϵģ
һһͳ˵޷
ԣڵĽѾ״ˣξ˵ԼԲ˵ʵҶЦѩεżε̬أμ˵ľЩʵҪΪԼƣûã
Լξô
ǲܣע㲻ҶЦأԼҲξ֣
Ȼ̨֣ܶףǾѾǿԽܵĽˣ
ⲻ֪һߵҶЦѩֱ̫ˣĵֱ˼飬ҶЦõ㣬Ȼ뵽ԼԳŹ˴¡
ںѩȴѾ׵òҪҪģӼҪξղ˵ʲôӶǿ˵ĳĳ˵С檣ĵλ˵ֱӾױȵܴ谡
˵޻̸֮ġȻǿ϶ģҲǲô˵ģ
Ƣλξӱһ䷨Ҳӹ˱ĳĲҵ֣
ʵǡȻ˵һ䣺޷
ˣ
ѩˡ
һô°㣿˼ҶѾںˣȻ˵ʲô޷զôʶˣ
ڿҶЦξͬﺮѣԵǢѼѩĿţȻоʵ̫£С϶ܸˡ
͵ӿһر뷨뷨رȴǽѩԼҲųһ亹
ףȫԾһҲôҲڹªŵ˲˽Ƣĵزɡ
ܴ裬Ȼûһ̨׾ˣǲ̫أ
⡭ֻй°ǲйأѩɻǸͷѲɡѲɡľϴС檰ɣ
һ뵽ѩҪ˹ȥ
ֻ漴תһ룬˵žһԼԼһǶ⡣
°ʲôأݵλôȥΪ˵С檣
ֱ쿪
˵ˣϴԼûî˿ξſһ˵ֵʲô
ⲻ֪¾ôϡڼһ˵ſһ˵֮У
డ̫ɶˣ
߶ͻأһʱתͷĿɭ
ʲôˣҶЦξܺãǺƽͣΪбԨԴԾݺµĳܣʶεȷḻӺѩһͻأٶУѾѩ״̬µ࣬βŭǡ
⺮һɭȻĿ֮£ѩƨһ̵˳ȥ
˼ʿһӻȴû˷ȻҲû⣺ȥһ콫ѩ˱飡
һҪ˱飡
٣
ȿȣղŲ˼ĳۻ軨ϴˡξεЦЦҪǺЦЦþòˣȻ棬ʵǾϲò֪˵ɶ˹
¡ֻֿһ
壬֪δǣֻ򵥵ԴӦԡ
ֱ˿μʱ죺Сѣ
ҶЦľѩĵսľջɢμ˶ⳡᵹû̫ӦϾμ˿ҶЦ֮УҶЦȻʵȴռ쵼λξȻڲԣȴΪҶЦʶҲϴСӵķˣȻΣȴҲʲôûǺŮȫ޽̬ô
ξȻûаԼ˵ʻϣǼ˺˵еŮˬ֮СڣĶԼθڣҪٿ˵֮ʣȴҶЦԼɫţһλݴĺӣҲкö겻ˡǺǡ
һ²ֶ̣ӣܳ壬ôͺö겻Ҳһҵʱɣ
μһ仰ȴֻиӵ𶯡
ݴĶӣ
ҿξλݴČըɡĶӳǵбѩԸ棬һһϴ
صķʽһ£λݴָ͵ʲôأ
ǣôһλ磬ؾͲ˵أ
ⲻǰ
ҪǸԼ˵ˡ
һˣμ˶ʱֶһ亹
ҵģξѾǶһ׻˰ɣҪһζ̣ʼȫ޶أ
ʱξĿֲһˣȾҾ壬սľ


257 ҽ
ξеľ쵽˵˵ҽݴҽݴ磬ξֵܣȴμûϵҲòΪҴͶ࿴ξҲòӲϡҾӣҲôңμҵ飬ҴʼҲûийȤǲǸûϵƨ¡
һɳΣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôźá
ξô˵󺰴УǲӣֱӹҲסˡȴ޿κΣϾڴ֮ǰξһ֧ȷǷ
ʱ˿̣ξռ˾ԵϷ磬飬ǵ˵ʲô
һ㣬ҶǿģÿҲס
ξһ˭Ҳǿġ
ҶЦ壬ɱ˲ͷأұϾԴһ壬ЩѾȥˣ͹ȥˡ˵ǻˣڶѾɾԺҲڷƵ飻ͲҪٹڻˡһ˵ԺμңҪִƾ棬μֻԽԽʢˡ
һϯҶЦξĵλʹ˶棬޳أ
ִƾ档
ξһΪҶ飬쵰ֹܱҪ侮ʯ˭ǵôҶԴһ塭
û˵꣬ҶЦʹ壬ֶǾ仰ȥ˾ȥɣҪȷǣμҽҲٷ飬񲻸ʤϻ׷˼
ξغһ˼һۣŤŲӲ˵
ҶЦ̾Ϣѡ
Լ׵飬ΪΣʼ壬һҶұңһμˡ
ҲΪˣҶЦֵľ
ΪģֻΪξ
μҵıҶЦУʲôǣҶЦҲ⡣
Ǵ¶ξ˵ҶǷ
ΪֵܵξԲ⣡
ҶЦȴֲ̹ܵȻ֮ȫȻӲ
Ҫϵڷ˼ηǼ֮󣬾øУμԾѾҶЦĨƽʱˡ
Եشһμҵǰ״ξԾûиϰֺɫڼεЦ֮УҶЦԼСԺ
󣬾һƬں޵Ŀ⡣
֪ˣαصһλϺڲһĿЩ˸ȴֻ֮ƫһ磬ڡڳԼµĿ˺ȡ
һλҲ̾Ϣһ
黹ûеȫȻʰһô˵μʱˡһλ˵ξһ֧ȻϾڼ
˵ǶԼ廹иġȻˣԺԵãԱ
һ㣬֮£δزμ²ξִֵ֣һָտɴ
ԣջμ˵ļգ
ЩѾˣԶѲ㣬ԺͿξһ֧ˣЩίҲνΪ˼壬һôҲд֣μҵ桭
뷢԰׵̾Ϣţǵ˻ȥ
ԭͦεΣ˼ʾѾЩˡ
ÿ˵УȴǷһʯͷģǰˣμңʱ֮ڣѾʲôΣˡ
ԺģȻԺ˵
ҲʱԼЩˣδػˡ
ò˵ЩˣһжԼǰ;Ϊǰῼ˼˵ǲûа˽ģΪˣڶĴһһĴȥн𴫡
ҲΪˣֱӼӵ̫̫ı硣
ǷǷǣ˵
ǧ﹦˵

ξСԺ
ξһϲıԼ磺磬ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
õҶЦĵƸԼѩĵԪ۷Ϊ֮ͨ£ƣһٷʱ䣬Ѿ׵Ļָˡ
ξ˵ϲ¡
ȻҲҶЦ͵ĵ񵤰ʼպ»óǴ˼ȴҲûĹ˼ɣҶЦѩȫȻʱȬգ
ڴƺˣΪһһ̶ȵľ
ֶҲǲȬΪǸϲ¥ǰ;Ʊظӹ
˵֮ξõĽᣬڽȫȥˡ
⿪Ľξʱࡣ
֪˺ѩ˭֮ٿѩɵСһԹææȥξǰ˼⣺ԼЦЦֶӣʲôʱô£
һߣڸʵ쳣ǳξȴǲԻŮӵ˭أΪʲôѩĲֶЩµӣȴָҶЦͬУ
һϲ֮ξȻǺкøеģкղϴǲ˼֪λӹմ

ţǺ֣ɣˡξ֮ͷ̾漴ŷӦĸ㺬壬ͻȻһУǱͻȻβ͵è
һͱ


258 Ϊ
ξĿɿڴȻξһʱˡ
һߣոȬҼ֤һĻһ򣬲Ͼˤ˵ϡ
Ŀɿڴע£΢΢ĵ˵ͷٶȷϡ
ξֱһƨ˵ϣͻȻͷһƶһ亹ð˳ûǣԼָ˵ҶЦСš
Ʈƹ϶ԣǺεȵð
ҿû
ҪȻԼ϶Ҫ군ģʵֹԼҪ군μңЦЦкѩֻҲҪһᡭ
˭
ǰǿߣ
Ʈƹϣ
ȴݣһݲֲġبԽһŮħ

ָ˵𺳣˿ͽߵغͷ
ֻй֮޲
ϼƴĲɼҩĿĲΪ˹׸ƮƹԴ˻ȡһЩԴֱ֧ҵ
ڣƮƹȨʵлȨǸˣ
촽鶯˺þãξðһ仰ηСӡûˡǱˣ
ٰͷ˲֮࣬ξ벻¼ĳͻΪηɵϷͻȻǶǸѾʬηһƸɽֹĸо
Ҳǡ̫ˡ
ԲѰ·
벻ξȻðôһ仰˲Ϊ֮ݸһЦ
л˼ĺܸлξԭŭһЦ֮䣬ӡУɷʵ΢ܶԾڵģ
ҶЦ֮⣬˴һǰܺڵΪ赹ˮŷӢϣ˷Լ
תһȦȻ˲ʱͿľ޴չǱ꣬ʵ治ףһΣúѩռ˱ˣ⺢У鰵Ͷ
˵ţƮƹȻеӣﵹҲһ׹ʺ⺢ӣ֮ǰԵɺϡţΣȴַŮܹķ룬ԾҲ͸ɡ
ξͬʱϲ
ܱղصĹСɣ
æͷл֮
ֻǵЦЦóһƣֻôͷһģʵȻϵĽƣԼһٷʱ֮էȻ飻Ҳ֮˹ȥ
ڳ˶мңξֵȻδԪȴҲµǰ״ǴḶ́ҶЦѩ˸飬֮еĴУѾԺС
ҲеĹʲôģܹһٷʱ佫֮ȫɣ츳㲻ǳţҲһһģ
£˵⺢ӵҪҵԤ֮ϣ̺˳ֻҪ֮Ժ㣬ʱգԪ۷οڡ˵꣬Ͳ˵
Ȼ˵ļ򵥣ȴǷḻģֱԤδԪ۷ڣνļµޣͬ죡
ξͬʱͷξЩ̾˵лӵĶ飬μҼסˡ
˵¸μʲôϵⲻǿҶСܵϣһ飬ҳݣӲлҡ
ڶƺЦЦǧҪ˵ĻǣŵţҲó֡
仰˵Ǻֱ׵ģеˣ
ȴѾԵ˵˸ԭ
һеĹͣȫƵĳЦЦϡ
˵仰νΪֹ˹Ծ˵仰оԼԭѾ̵ӣȴ˼֡
ιܼңƺǲʵҡС檡ݾĲһ㣡
ߣΪԱþͶһôôˣ
ͺѩԼҶЦ˶û뵽ǡ
ǽյ֮٣һδУȻһλǿߣ

ھҶЦĵҩ̥ǣڵ칦УúѩĶ似Ϥĵ֮Լ걾ǳ͵ʡһʵм֮·ȻӴһƬ̹;
ҶЦ뿪֮μͻһȣȻڰ䣬޵¡
ﵽ䷨ڵĵλ
ȻЩǺңԶĺˡ
ҶЦμһֱס죬ξ֮뿪
ʱһҪߣҹȥ
һô籣壡
ЦЦն񣬲ƹһСİ
ƵξǶһ㶣һһ飻һֱͳͣסŲ
ЦЦҲ֪֮󾿾ʲôǣǧǧһСġٱˣξֶ˵һ顣
һƬġ


259 ĵ
ظü飬һʼʱ򣬺ѩξ̬ȻЩЦһ󺺾Ȼһ߶ȴֻʣһƬжǶѡ
ξҶЦֿ飬ֻҪ۾˾ܿóԲڰ٣ȫԴһƬġ
һ߳˺ԶͷʱԾɿξڸߴ۾þõ˱Ӱ
̤µọ́ѩܲطһ顣
Ǿǡһ·ϣҶЦ˼
ʱûעʱ򣬻ϸü˼ӡ
ѩҶЦٶЩ⡣
ﱾͶŲ⣬˵ôһǸǸʲô
ѵûʲô¶ô
֮ǰ˵ҪҪ죬Ҳ˵ҲƵ飬Ѿǰԣȥμҽˣǲ뿪Ҫȥô
ܸλһ·âڱòã
ֻڳ˶̬ȿ֮⣬ҶЦҲǲ⡣
ʲô˼
Щͷưɡ
ڣѩԽԽܸоҶЦƺǰʱ򡭡͸оνѹ
ɾ͸ˡ
ЦôţƣϾ֮ǰЦڵҶЦң֮ǰЦҲûͲֵһŮħͷǰڰɣ
УȻΡ
Լ֪Σ
ѩΪЩơԺͬһʱҶЦҲԼƵ⡣
ЩΪʲôأ
δѹԼӹɵġ
ʼǵռ֮һ㲻䣬ҲǿߵѹǱǾһڣôԼôҲӦôɣҲϵɸо˳£ǣϵɣȴһǲˡ
ô˵߾͸һǿߡ
̬ôãôȻôƽͣΪӻǡεĶǶ϶ϲȫȻġ
ܻӰ죬Ϊ̫ãϰˣˣ־Ϯ
ϮһһظԣͺñԼϰߺѩѹ֮󣬿ԺܷɣɣȴֲζžܿԪ۷ֵѹ
ôΪʲôԼоɣ
ѵԼߣϰȻȻѹ
뵽֮ҶЦֻԳԼûиߣԼòзȨģڴ֮ǰԼûнӴ۳ʱǱھѹ
˾ѹ֮⣬ҶЦܿ⼸⣺ΪʲôҪԼһ㣬òôҲ޷͡ڶ㣻ΪʲôԼȻԼðҲûзôĵĲãѩҲһ·ͬеĻ飬ҲǲССðȴεʹǣһ㣬һشɵ㡣
УԷǴΣȻȻԼߵǷϤУ׵ʵ顭
Уξʱ̬ȣʵе˵
лУеĹȫ͸ԼΪʲôء
ллУɵʣξ˵ǱԼС檣ΪʲôûвȻŭ
˵Ѿޱȵðˣ涯ξҶЦϲϿɣòɱĲɱⶼ˵˵Ĳǡ
ƫƫû⣬ξ̸Ц˿١
ҶЦԭΪԼԵʣϾԼܣ˼ɵϸԴξ̬ȣȻȫ飬ûнٵ֣֣޲⡣
ҶЦͻȻðһʮַǳ൱رĵͷѵȻľǱ˵ҲһоͶ˵ͨˡֻͷҶЦȻ֪ܻȫ޿ܣƫƫԺֲ֮ȥ֮ȻһЩ
޶ԣȫ
ʵһŷȴ¹ײ
ÿһΣҶЦĿԼɨǸоһ֡ܶơо
ңÿһθоҶЦϵ¶ȣǿоͻ̲סһ˵˻ȥĳ嶯
嶯ھµϣҲЩΡ
ǸСѾͷ˼룬ת
ֻ˹ȥҲӦԼ˵˰ɣô˵˻أ
ʶһ£ǾǣҪҶЦôȥôԼ϶¶ţһһᱩ¶
ǣԼʹ뿪ĵȴʮֵĿܣ᲻á
òط꣬ôܾô뿪أ


260 ֮գ
˵ˣҶЦȥҲأֻƾһ׵ĺѩҲֻӦΣ
ţֻҪԿţһġ
ԼҵɺǣǿǺŵģҶЦкѩߣԲֻӦΣֱΣֻҶЦҲǳʲôΡ
ҶЦʵԪƷΪƬѾܹˡ
˼ȥһ

ҶЦڽһ·ϣʱ޿̵Ĳת񹦣Ӧ˷صҶЦĵһ򣬴˵صĻΧԲǰô򵥣Ȼء
ôɵԶ׼ǲգֻǹڻԾԲ׽һҪѱķ̣Ȼ±룬֮С
ܹ׶ˣҶЦĿǰ֪ģƬвٵططҪŨܣ
˵ҶЦܵҪܹʡԷѱ̣ԽΪķʽգۣҪƴ½طɫ࣡
Եģ;Ҳ
һ·ϣҶЦһֱڳȴԲ׽ѱһδγȻ˵ͽ޹ȴջȣȷ˵ǵһƬһһٵλֻҪ֮κҶЦֻҪһ֮ܽȫվ⣻ԶҲ˲䲹γһС
Ըܵ侫ʵһпܳһλҲץס
οǵ׽ˣý֮ѱ֮ܽ
ҶЦӿʼӪҹĻһֱ˷죬ԾջȣмûЧʿԣװ׵󹦷
̤ɫɴ
һֱһֱ룬ȫ˴˵ȴҲ֤ҶЦûнĿܡ
Ҷĳм顭Ҫ㡣ҶЦ˼һ£ü˵
ˣҲһ飬Ҫ㡣˵
ˣ˵ˣҶЦһ£漴˵
˵ʲôҪңʱ仹ţȥ
һ£վ¹£һ¹´顣
˿ҲͲˣ֮ǰҼǵ˵ΪеĻԾԭ򣬲ſЩԶԶطĸƷҩô˵İɣ
ҶЦץסص㣬һеġ
ȷˡ˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֮ҩҩطʮϣֹޡ
ԱȽ϶ۣƬΣֻð򣬱Ѿǧ˲ΣƮƹΪעĳԱȽϵĻ֮ĳīЧѰᲢ۵ĵز
˵飬ԹˣȻţȴʼû֪ԭڡ
û֪δذɣҿΪ˵ԵʡҶЦ˵
ԴͷȻõɾ֪Դͷ磬Ǵû˽⣬ΪʲôƬطӵĹ졣
ҶЦͷ˼š
һһ˹ִΪƬ֮УȻ켶ĵرҩĸֽ򣬼򶼷һ׳죬ȴʲôûҵ
ֻʲôҲûҵͽ޹ߴʱ̫пڵɢԣ֮ҲͶġ
żҲѰһЩĵرҲǺܿȥˣϾڴ˶ǿзյģһֱʣΪȱ;ǰ֮·ʹزۡ
˵š
ҶЦɫʱһ䡣
˵ЩĲ²⣻ȴû뵽ǧǰ뵽һ㣬Ѹжʲôʱ򣬶ȱٴ˰
оǣǹĸӰ쾹Ȼô󣬷ǵΪ𣬸ɹȱļ״ǿɾɲ
ʵҲƵ뷨ҶЦûԼ뷨к⣬ԲԵ޹쳣ȻԵ
ԭ϶еģֻûҵѡǽ翵Ŀ֮ϣҲһҲδֶܹߣȷеǰ˸ô
ԼȻԼ̫ùͽ޹νĳࡣ
ҶЦȻлѣҶĳ顣
ͷµ񣬱ؾ۽ҶЦϣղһشҶС⣬ҲҶСشһ⡣


261 
ҶЦȻ˵ҶĳԵ
ҶЦ׿ϣҪʳ˼ϸ룬ȴַԼûøþôʡ
ΪǸд˺ܾõ⣬Դļָʹ֮ǰֻǵģȫȻûʲôĿꡣ
ǣںѩ֮Ŀ꣬һӳˡʻ졣
ӡһ´֮࣬ſ˵֪ƹʣǺ½ϣ鱦ַҶҶЦǺʵ۹򱱴󽫾Ҷ֮ӣ˵Ķûɣ
˵仰ʱľֿ
ȫûҶЦ̩Ȼ֮ɫҲ뷴ʣǴӺδ֪Ҷĳ֮Ϣ˳λȻҶĳйһЩ˽⣬ȴ϶ϲ˽ϸˣΪҶĳ˽
Ʈƹ֮ڣ˽ģɲֻһˡ
˵仰ʱ򣬸оԼЩ졣
ǲֻһˣЩȴҲǴûԼ˵
׹˼ˡҶЦвЩʧѵǱ
˵Ҷӵ֣һλˡ˵ҶЦ
ҶЦжȻһ𣬼ؿڵڡ
ҶЦ֪˵һҶЦҲЦ֣ȴԻشһڡ֣ĿȴռȻԼ˵ࡣ
һҧҶСҶҶЦǣЦҶЦ
ҶЦҲ˼ȻҲһλͬͬյǰˣ˾ݴȻʱ֮ʱں½ʲôΨһһǴͬͬհˡ
ֻǴͬͬҶЦ⣬룻ʱ竣衭ȻֱӽҶЦƽ˳
ˣһ䣻ǣ콾ţѣ˫ȫǿУƸ꣬Ϊһǧ֮꣬򡣡
ʣҶСܾͬһ˵켣𣿡
ҶЦǺһЦӻͷ𲻻ѵãѵҶĳͲ;֪ܿɹһô
ֻе˼תδ̫죬̫ˣȡˣ
ҶЦˡ
üȻȻ˵ҶǣǾ͵ҶˣֻҵλҶЦôȥίʵЩζ
ҶЦ˵ˣ
֮УʵζȻ
ҶЦԼȻ׵ģǰԼλŮ̳Ծûκιϸǣһ涼ûм⡮ˡ֣ò޴̸ġ
ڿˣթԼô
УһԶ̸⣬ȷʵҶˣҶСĪ֡
Ȼʹ˾ڲᡣ
ӷֵҶЦɹô׾ȫˣǻʲôаɣ
ֻǷһ£ͷ׷ף
ٲ˵ֱص棬Ϣȥˡ
ҶЦһޱ߿ҰǶһʱ䣬ֻе˿̵ԼòЩҡ
ʲô˼
ʲô˵
˼֮࣬ҶЦҲδմԳŴ˵һҹôȥ
˷ȴ֮ǰб𣬴˼ʵҶЦȴڽѰ֮пԹԼյĽڵλá
Ȼǰ֮Ȼĸ룬ҶЦԾɲţϾȻȡš
賿ĺȻҶЦԸоЩ䣬ҪվʱͻȻٶˡ
ĳ졣
Ϊһ̣оǰϦʣͻȻ籡һ쳣
ͺǲͻȻһޱߵʹŰ£ȻĪ
򣬷·˲ʱ
ҶЦ缢ƿʵȡ켫޵ޱܹо糿ȻֵҪԼ֮ǰκһ糿
ҸرǣЩֵȻͺ׼Ŀһ㣬һк
֮䣬ʮĻôٶռųɣ
ҶЦƴȡӿĺֻоԼĵٶȣֱۿɼԸ֮ʣȴȻ֣֮ͻȻȡˡ
仯ֵʱ̴Ҳֻǰʱʱ죬ʱͬԼѰһ㣬Լȡǵ˰ʱ֮֮У˼ûԾ֮
ضΧ֮£ҶЦҲ޷ȡˣ
ôĵô£ѵôõĻᣬȻƾˣҶЦƵվŽ´ء
֮ȻûκģҲǰʱ˳ȡôΨһпģֻʣ½µһƬˣ


262 ҩ֮ɽ
ƬصԵʣıԡ
ڽƬ֮󣬼ʱͱͬˡ
ΨһĽ͡
ǾԴͷڣ飬ҶЦ޼ƿʩҪץ
һ賿Ӷ籡ֵԼȡܺͻҪٱ
Լǰתôʱûˡ
ȫƬ֮ͺһ㲻ȡ
ҶЦװ׵Ŀջϲһ
һͿжΪ˱ٴγ֣ΣһҪ⿪֮գҶЦа¶ġ
ؼǣܹоֻҪԼ⿪ǧ⣬ԼΪһԾΪƬ֮ǿߣ
·ʱ䣬ƿɳ¡
ȴÿ糿ҶЦҪضĿϧһ֮⣬֮䣬ֱӾһ仰Ҳûˡ
ѩ˻ҲǷĳĬ
һգߵһɽǰͬʱפ㣬Զű˶Լľ޴ɽ˾ͬʱоԼС
ɽֻҪԼ֮ǰκһɽҪΰ
Ӷ·طֳ룡
ɽĿĵҶҼˡĿЩĶֻϧ仯ȴڶ֮ģҶЦͺѩ˶ûв
ɽǴ˵еҩ֮ɽĿӹѩӣҩɽ
ѩϼ鴤һ¡
Լ֮ǰ˵ҩֻΪضɣû뵽Ȼ
˼ʱץסСӾ鳰ȴС첲ֲȣѩҲֻܸŭԡ
ѩ˵ԼߵҶЦȴһȫܹظоеǸӵĻԾ벻Ҫ׽ȡʱȻˢһȫ˱ܣһ㣡
һ˲֮࣬ղɷʱΪһƬյش
ˣƬؽɴɳ׵޷ȡ
Ŀң֮еͨɽҶЦо˵ƬϴĳܵĻôܶɽ֮ˡ
ǧҪСҩɽңҲֻϵɽѡɽЩ̾˿
ʲôҲϲȥɽ
ѩҶЦͻĻͬʱˡˡ
ȵΪֻϵɽҲ޷ǰôɽϬ̶Ǵﵽ޷ļ
ǧҪɣһϵɽҪˣĻԭ׶ʹɨУޣһͷоżϵˮ׼׺ƥԽߣ޼ԽߣɽпԪƷǿߵ޳֣ңһֻֻΣһȺһѵľۼһ
ޱ߼ʣ
ͷſ꣬䷨ҲԴɽߣһȺ컢һս֮࣬˶أһӴҲҩɽ
ҶЦͺѩͬʱоԼϵļڳ鴤
䷨
λϵһ˾ȻҲֻܴɽһЩͱһˣҲűȫһ
ôҪηɽأѩʡ
ɽһϿȣͨСϿ֮ϣԽϿԽխֱȫպϡأϹʱڣżȻɽһѷ죬ν޾֮·
ҲҲֻһϿȣ⡣֮⣬Ҳûеڶ·Խ
ָӽһЩϿȣҶЦҲڵԿνϿȡ
òϣ⻹һʵġϿȣаɿխȻԽԽխ˾Լɵĸߴǳױ˴˺£˿Ϸ졣ͺһ൱׼Σڴɽ£һƬռ
Ͽզֱǵŵ£ǹ񹤣棬ίʵ̾Ϊֹ̾ΪֹѩԴ档
ҶЦҲǵһεҲǿĿѣԣȷ޷ѩ㿴ߵɽʯб˼ǣһߵɽʯҲƵļ󣻾ֻǷ˴Եģһ˴˶ԳƣξͺǱ˴˶˫ɽ壬ͻȻͬһһ㵹ȴɲǻס˴֧ţö֮ͱ˵ǰһ㡣
仰вΪ⣬Ȼ䣬ȻһϸȥȻɽϵ¾Ȼм伷ѹÿһʯֳĺۼơ
Ȥһӡ֤ҶЦ˵һ˫ӷͬһʱŵ£ȴձ˴˳סûȫǡ
صԣҶ˲֮ͬǰöεģȴдû˼ĴжҲĴ⣬ҪҪҶЦ֮ǰ޼ദã޼ɴһǶȿ⣬ۣҲδػſڶԣΪҶЦĵһ仰ȴ˲ʱ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ҶЦ仰ǶԵģôɽӡ״̬ôҪʲôγɵǰ״أ


263 ܶ
Ҫ߱ģɽǵǺ˵ԼͿҲû̫Ҳ˵˵ѩȫԸɽҲǿеġ
ǵһұҪ
µҪز˵ģڶֻɽԶԶҪɽͬʱǣҲѲҲ΢鷳һ㣬ǽҪͬʱɽ屣֤˴ԣγɺ£վ֡
ţͱȽ鷳ˣֻҪСһ㣬ʻǿġ
ȻҪγɵǰĸ֣ҪһؼҪ㣬Ǿɽ壬ɽ岻ڱСڱ˴˽ӴУ
ѵ㣡
˼óһŵķȣ˫ӷɽҪ㹻̣ȻԼɽʱ򣬷Ҫ㹻γƻҾԾ׼ʱյûǡôΨˣɽɽ岻Ա˴֧֣£
ǿУһˣƳûɵҪҪ㹻ǿǿʵͬʱҪ㹻ٶȡȷԼľԼУȱκһɲˡ
ȫ֮ԼԾԼǺųһ˵䷨ҲϾͬռУ䷨ΪԼʤȴδأ˵ԾپȥԼֻѾ䷨֮ˣϾԼѾռܣٳ߸ͷٽһôͲܸ䷨һһ˵ı
գóĽǣҶЦ˵ҲУǵǰκһ˿ɳɣ
ҩɽ˵е֮ɽҩɽ֮ͨɽѩ̾Ϣһ飺ɽ޷ƻġ
ȻɽƺκˣƻɽϵһʯͷҪҲҪƽʯͷٱ
ֵĵطڣʯͷɽ֮󣬳һȴ֣ᷢʯͷʯͷûʲô
ͬʱͷȥϸϿȣʯͷбѹ֮ϸѰǷݴɽ֮ĺۼһѷһѷϿȥԽԽãҶЦĵһ仰ʮа˾ŵǵʵɵöǺȻ
˵֮УѩǼ˺ȻǾȣ̾ΪռĻҶЦµ򶨵ģ˵ҶЦԾԼƷĪ˵ڵҶЦǵҶЦҲʤѩһѣȭҲͽˡ
ȴΪ۽ƣȻв֪ͬ
ѩΪȻѾǰĶ֮ϣռܣԽڵǰҶЦǰ쳬ǿߴܵܣ֪֮ǰǿߵǿᣬȴǳߺѩļ̫࣡
ϿȶԣҶЦԶԣЩǿҲĴȴһǣ
Ĵ
˶ͷңϸӣŵʱͻȻһ˾ͻأ
٣ɵƺ١
ͬʱһӵĺߡ
ʵ͵ǰ״ԣͬʱ̧ͷĿŹͺͺɽʯȫͬƣ˿İ죬ܲϣȴǲòϣòЩɵƵĸо
ǣһ£ʵһ£˵˵ȴһ£
һҪҪҪ飡
ǹȻʯͷˡ
һ
ͷߵתͷѭȥֻϿԱߵĴɽϣһСУһһ´½ıԼˣһ֡˷ܵ߹
ȻԱ˶˵飬ҶЦʵǺģϾÿ˶ܹɵƵģοһԿ
⣬½ⲻ½ȴ˵
Ҫǣ¼ĵ˿ҶЦѩأ
˷ˣһװ磬ȴԵ÷̬Уӵܡÿ˶󶼱һֻҩ¨֮ǰһ㣬ΪԼɽɼϡҩģȡԴ
ֻǴ˼ʼ˷ЦԭԼͷתΪתȴԾͬԼˣɵЦĸˡ
νΨţּҪģ
߽߽ȴ֪ǱߵѾװͲסˡ
ҹλأһԼҶЦһ·ľԭܺãҲܿòãϾһ·ԼⱲ֮ǰĻࡣòʲôèèĶˡ
ģϷģ˵ԼС檵ģ˵Լóģ˵ԼҰŮ˵ġ
ȵķ֣ԭ硭⾹ȻôģңƽҲôࡣЩʱض۸ˣˣʱؿܱ۸
ûʵĻѡҪôһһӣߣ÷ǳ졣
֮ûʵˣҪӵֱͦ˵ȨֻȥҾ㽻ɹҲֻӵкܶݵһ˲ѣ
磬ԭ˵Ĳƽ


264 η
ƹһоĿѣҲֻʱһʱѣΪﵽԪ߽һΪֱռ֮С
˵ճûۡ
Ҫ˵ʲôѹ߽һҲǸȥӰȥ٣ҲδĹۿ˼̬
ΨһһδۣҲֻں½ѩһսѣȻһۣԾսʤȻ֮бʣһκľԣȴ̸лڣľ˵˹پΪ
˴һ·ϵľмֲһĸܣλ߸ϵǿ˵νһ桢ǰδе顣
˭ҶЦǰʵ
ڵʣܹԵظоȻŭҪλŮħͷȳ֣ôֱӾͲʰˡ
ûתκأҶЦĵҲܲԾȷˣԾ͵ǰƶԣҶЦ˾ˣ
챦ɽɽ֮⣬ҶҼ˵ʲôˡеһ걳˫֣˵ҶҼиҶңҶ֮У֧е֧λӣλ֮Уһλӣ˳ҶҶ١
ǻЩ۵ڽϳɳءݵɫһòƵȻʵװƵĿĵ˵λҶҶ٣Ҷ
Ȼ¶һ΢Ц£ҶңҶ
ҶЦͺѩͬʱ̲ס鴤һ¡
ҶЦϸ¶һܹŹֵı飬˺ѩһۣ˼Զ׼ұΪװˮ׼ѾǵǷ켫һָ˿ɱȡû뵽ﻹһ͵װƻǵ˿Ҳѷɫ㣬гǰ˵ƣҪСˡ
ѩҶЦ˽ȻǴﵽ⡢ɱڣޱ͸һĺ壬ܵһſʱˡ
ԭҶ١ҶЦЦЦ
ѹָղſ˵ƺЩʶĿʸоԭҶˡ
ҡҶֳһֵЦݣ̧°˵λǴӺδҶһϲ飬ǹ㽻ѡ
ѩһ˵λҶ٣һֱô˵𣿡
ҲҶЦǸĴ̼ѩֱ˾ζ֣ζԶ
ĳⷬעϷϹӿˣҶûôԶĻصһЦĿԶɽ˫֣ƮƮ˿ڶǰ紵Уɽָߵͣˮǣ˲ֹٲִСһͬʣ˵ĸϰߣ֪λ̨кô
ҶЦԽԽԽǸоλҶƺЩ񲻴һ㡣
һһУϷ̨ϷϷӣôҲʵ֮С
µǣһоȻûȻɣ˳¡
ֱսװƵ¼ޣȫ¸߶ȣ
λӺδδҶ棬΢ЦʲôҪæģҶΪⷽԲǧҲһЩæܰϵҲ˵
ǫʵԴ԰һĿҶЦʵЩܲˣòãԼУͲͷҶˡ
Զ׼ίʵܲ˰ûҶЦѾĳô
Ҷҩ¨꣬һֱ飬ƺǿҪЦĳ嶯쳣ࡣ
һڴ˵˳ҶַˣֻǶʯͷĴӣװʲôǿЩؼҲҪǵСǾ´ˣ˾װƵëʲôʱܸĸأ
ֺһڣҶЦȻʱһǸղųԲѷ֮ˡ
ҶתͷɭȻĿⶢԼͬһۣҶһĸͬȴǽȻͬԸ£зִ磻һҶⷽԲǧԸ㣻Ǻ㵱֪ʣܹһ
ֺҶЦãõãզ˸˵˻ûģ˵㵽߻ǲߣ
ȥδӣţ¡Ҷȵ˵λѣδ֪ӺδΪ£˵أȻҶҵ̣ȻҪʡһ˼ϸֻߴѣ񲻴Ӵȱ
΢ЦţҶЦԾһɵȻ̨ΪȻ񣿡
ȻȻҶЦͷ̫Ȼˡ
ҶЦ޸̾Ǻη


265 Ҷҵˣ
ԭΪѩװѾǷ켫ļ߾磻ڿȴǿǿ֣ǰɳ̲ϣѩˮƽǲ̫Զ˼λҶװƽʦ
һѾ꣬ԹǶĵģΪҲƵװƣ
Ƿ豹棬Ȼɵĸ磡
ѩ֮ȣĺۼʵ̫ԣӫԣرᲢۡ
껹δڣ̾һ˵ܲȸɵ£ȻؼҽҩȥɣҲãҲգµĹ׶Ҫ治ǲĺ£ҪһԪʯô¸µ϶ҪҶѹȥģʱ򣬲ǽ춼Ӧˡ
ҶԾƵ΢ЦҪǰ㣬Ӧ֣κκΰ
Ȼ˵ЦòƵʵü֮䣬Ծزס֮ɫ
Ȼ˶ԼǷܹɵҩĲǺܷġ
һҶЦǳˣ˵֣һҶһҶһȻǽҶκΣ
κΣ
ⶼʲôְ
ҶκεҲˣԲôأкӽ֣Ȼδض˵ùȥкӦȡôҲҸѪһ㣡
оǣֺǡκΡ죡
֪ǻûһҶֵܣ
ҪС
ţҶЦͻȻһ㶼ԼġҶЦˣ˵ҪϵԼȡСҶ족ôҶ죬еߴϵĸоǴպ
ҶЦȥˣԼѾҪˡ
ò˵Ҷҵȡ֣ǡ㹻⣡
ҶЦͻȻԼԼϵ壬ôһ˿˿ĺ档
ȻҶκε˵ǰ״ҶȻǶҶЦ˸ȤȻô̸һòϳɣεװ޼ޣǲһڳϷǻ˵˻ڼ仰֪֮һĿġ
һﾹȻˡ
׼ȷһ˵Ԯ
治֪λֵ̫̫ûεԮ󣬺ȻԺɨĳϣԮģʽȴڴ̼ˣһѹҶңҪɣҶЦδֻҪ죬ѩȻ֣ӵĸɾʹ죡
Ƭ̽ҶЦ˺ȻһԼˣȫûûϵѾǵּʳץӾǲ˵İԵز
˵һҶҵҶҼһɣǼȻ˾ҶҹӸ磬ôǱȵزҶЦһƲڵı
ôֱ׵ķ̣ҶҶκ˼ʱܲˣۼҪ
ҶЦʶ飬ҪСһͷŭ𣬵ǲҪ̫ס
Ҷһ΢Цʣλ̨˵ֱףȴֱҪҴҲвȻ֮˱ҶҹȻǿ󣬸ڶ࣬νһĽЩ࣬ԵɣһѾ
Сһ꣬ǡνһ°ЩࡱĻһʱ䣬Ҳо
˵һ졢ĻȻǿƹҲǲ˵ġ
ҶЦӣ˼̸ϣ׵ؾ͵˳ҶҵǰĴ
ҶΪһ֮з磬Щ鲻˵λһʣཻ֪޻̸Լ֮˵˵Ҳûʲôϵ
Ҷ仰һ𷭰ۡ
ϵʵģ仰֪ʾˣ֪˼ҽʲôˣҪȥʲôʵʲôʲôʲô֪ȻһʣԼԾӣ׼¿ˮˡ
ɣҶҶκֵҲǴΪΪȻȴûֹűţۺ
״ҶЦоǺѾɽˮˣ㳶һݣҪԾ
δ̫ʳ˰ɣ
Ҷұҹ֧һ֧ԭҶΪһ׮ʵһѾʽ˳Ȩµ㣬ѲۣҶڵȨǵڶķ֧֧ڶ֧֣˶󣻰ѳּ֧ķ֧ˣ֮⣻˫һֶον伫
ĵ֧ԭǵһ֧ѣȻڵһ֧֮󣬵֧ҲȻıĸ֧ϴѹ䲻һ֧һһ겻Ǿߡ
Ҷǵ֧á

Ҷ߶߶˵ҶЦҲ˺ܶǰ
һ֧Զ׼Լϵһ֧ڵĹȻǵһ֧˳ȨȦҪء
֧ƴѾ˼֮ڳųϵʵѹõһ֧͵ֱ֧Ӵ


266 
ʱҶȴͻȻ˹ʧ¼֮еֱⷿӱ͵ӽȥҲҪ
ҶҵҪԴǷֿ֮УƸԴҩԼȥȡԴһϧҩġ
Ҫģҹֵǵ֧ҪҲҶĸ׺塣
䵱ֵڼ˱¼Ϊ˵˾Ȼȫ֪飬ӹɣֱӾ޿⡣
˵иܣȻҶҴĳҪһ
ﶼףҲһʽͲʲô
ԷȻܹһٴӷɭϵҶҵⷿʣְ֮ȫȻ֪飬ʧܱ֮׵һأ
ǰҶҿνĻ̻̣
˵һԴ֮ĵҲˣҶʧԴشǸ̴棬ֻҪʱգϢлָһգҪȴڣһԤԴʣѾ˳ӣһƹפҩִ¡֮ƹǱѾ֪ҩĵĴڣڵҩĵĵ
Ȳ˵ҶҲͬǵҩ͹ȥ֮ƹصԴֻ˵㶼ѾӦƹʱȴҩġ
ⲻô
֮Уȴ˭ǵƹ
ֻ¾ϵµһ䷨ƹϵʱҲҪ˱ᣬοһССҶң
˵һ䣬˼ҵǴҶҲûˣ
Ҷ£Ѿˡ
εΣĿǰֻ±ȵҶǶιҪҶ˽ǣ
֮󣬵֧ˣŮ٣˳ȫҩɽؽҩȻȫֲܹɵһܱʲôûǿɣ
ҩɽǵ˿еģ챦ɽ
ҶֵѾɽϴ˰£˶ѾɵһҩȥˣԾȥҲûʲôãԶҪһҵʲô鱦ͼء
ҩɽȴҲԪҴĵطүҲûľˣͷӬһתһȦͽ޹ɽ
һɽɲɵҶЦˡ
Ҷ˻Ԫ΢ĩʵ˵ѩҶЦʵҲȻ֪֪Ҷ˲ʱһ룺Ѿ;ĩ·һ˼⽻һλأκһ˵ʵԶԶұ֪Ҳоһλ֣
ܹõһλֵ֧֣ôҶҵѹٵ֧ѹܻõһЩɣ
һ仰˵ңһǼͶҽˡ
ֻҶȻˣҶεĶƮƹ۵ĸšǸǸָҵƮƹҵһŮħͷ
ô
ҲУԼ
Ȼ⻼صѹΣҶҶһһں̬ҶĿκμĥ£
꣬μòʺ硣ҶһܹرģģҶ߬ȭͷĿԶɫᶨ
ĿȫȻΡ֮Ľ̻ѾҶĳĳ
ôһ޷ˣη޾壬һƴնֱǰ
˶ԣֻʣºЦˣ
ҶЦ΢΢ЦЦ
ȫǺЦϾҶЦܹоȻװѾװ˹ҲЩ˲ϲܻ֮һˡ
ֻݴѿȡ
⣬òƻһζҪΪӢ۴ܣЩ߻ħġһΪ˼Լļͥǵꡣ
ģرģ仰Ƿĵģ
һģǾѾƵϡȡ֣
ҶỹЦôģҶҿѾɵī𣿡
ʱһϿϷͻأ漴ˢһӰϿշӶ¡
ҶЦ״һ¡
ҲԵüĵ˺ѩһ£˾˺˼ԶԶ뿪ҶЦˣңˡ
һ̣ڷԼһֱиоǵ㲻Ծʲô
ǾǡԼ뺮ѩһ·ҶЦߣڰȫϵȻǾԿԱ֤ģͬʱȴҲ谭ҶЦĸ˷չ
һˣԶǿ߻ľ꣬ܳɳΪǿߣ
սսͨǿֵ֮·ҵĻ䣬Ʒ֣Ҳֻܵķϴ֮У
ٴ¼֮ѡֱӱܿѺѩҲһҶЦԼȥЩ飻ѩĸȻϲװƣҲһ֪ʮĴˣֻһʾ⡣


267 ҶΣ
Ȼ˿̺ѩڽк㣬ʵ֪ϴҪˡֻҪʱ䣬ۻһɳ
˭ǶЦҪǣϴҪһ˵
ЩǺѩԼˣҲǲ˵ġ
ֻһˡ
ΪѩԶԣԼˣûڵһʱȥֱܻܿӴԼͲԼϻʵʲôģ
һ·ѩʶֽ飬ﶯϻൢ󹦷أ
ҶЦڶ˶вȴ벻⣬עĿˡ
ֻǰģΪһ꣬ߴˣһ˶ֵ㣬ҶЦųӦһ£˾ȻӵԪƷʵ
㷢֣ҶЦɵЩˡ
֮⣬ԪƷʵı㲻ʲôܹӵԪƷʵıڣǾݵ
꣬˼б۾ҶˣЦģǲεֻ
ɵôûɵΣҶɫԱ˱䣬ٻָָ߸ϵĿ˵ۣĪҪվ˵ۣѵܡɵˣ
ԹЦ˵վ˵ҪôصڳīɵûУصɣأ˵ĻĵĲҶңעҪسˣƮƹĵӣҲעҪ£һǶ̣ҶԺӼǵҪͷһϴ󣬿ǧˣ
Ҷɫװףɫ󣺡룡Ҷңǲʧȥⵥ׵ģ
룿ôڵǣҶʲôûˣҲ֪ô
ۺٺЦǵƮƹӵ񵥣дʮīĹҲۣھ͵˵ʮīʲôطҶܴճô˵ʮֻֻ꣬꣬¶ղɣ
Ҷǵͨ죬ŭ㡭ô֪
Ͼԣ˵ֱӽ˼Ķ̴Ҳסֻһ׷ʡ
Ĳʲôˣ֪Ҫô۴ЦҲʧȥЩƷɵǰʵǣǽƮƹɵˣҵҪҶһôճ
ſĴЦƮƹʲôֲǵ¹ɱȵˣ¹ҶҼëѼѪһ겻£ʷݣֻʷݣϷˣƮƹ͵ͬϷˣϣһŮħͷ̵ĸԣһŭ֮¾ܺɨ˵Ҷע군ˣҶЩƴıƮƹĴȣȥֻǰԼһȫ˽ȥ컯Ūˣǲأ
šǱߵĺѩʶһĭЩҶЩʲôˣôһһأǰһηɵϷһǵŮħͷ⵨ǣƣ˵̫ԵˣֱͺдС˵һ㣡
ѩܹоˣ
ѩȻŪķ򣬶ԣԼһŮħͷڼǰ󶼲ʲô£û̫¡Ϊ£Ϊ۵ĵͬ
£СӾȻ˵ϡ̡ȻƽƢãȻҲһЩ΢ƫ̻Լ˵飬ⶼ֮òãһ˵㱾ϻΣֵСӵұϵ˰ô
仹ǵ˵ⲻǴ򱾴ϵ棬ԵñϵӲãô
֪עûע⣬׿֮Ĳ㣬ıĽҲԽԽעҶЦһһһһС̬ˣΪҶЦľһ˼ʼ΢֪ƫȫΪҶЦԼֹ֪һ
˵òƱֱֻҶЦˣӰòԽԽˣ
ȻȻûʶšʶҲϣ
ʵν̡ĸ֪ƣĶˣҶЦȻʱ򶼺ܽĶֻԼˣˣԼȻû
Լˣ϶Ҫƫģ
Ҷ㲻Ϊô©֮Ʈƹ˻ĵҶҰɣôɵ뷨ֻܸ̾һô漣Уôͻήٵ㡢Ҷҵͷϣ
طݶ֮ɫЩ꣬ҶǷǵģҪһһ㣬ȫ³ֻҽӹӵƹ죬ҶңֻܳΪҵĸӹ
ҶʱһĹ㣡
ۺݺݵЦţֵˣҶҶҶκΣҶ죻Ҷһġصչˣ
һҶЦǳ鴤һ¡ȻǡκΡ죿ò˵ҶȡֱֵǾˡ


268 ҽȥ
˵ʵڵģһԸ֪ү³ǡ硢
˵ĸ֣۾Ȼҧһһٵ˵ģֳͬʱ֮ǰ㣬һ
һɱȻ˳
Ҷ״̲ס˺һ
ȻҶԽΪȣ˿ȴҲѾ֪ףһμʵѾɽˮĵزתء
ҶҵͷͬʱҲľ֣ڲ֮䣬ҶʤôһǰȴǽƮƹкϵĻϵģЩҲڱžѰҩҩǵҶҳ©ԱԼܹƮƹȡøϵȡҶңѶԷѹȥ
ֻҶҵ治ÿζܳɹȡ㹻Ŀҩʹʼ϶ɳˣ˴Ʈƹߣ˫ʵƾУȴҶռһƣ
ҶҶףƲѹԵЧܣֻҪԷһԺһЩܳȥ
ԴҶ˿и
֮£ҵСȻҲҧƴۣҶСһˣΪ˹թݿ̶αĸǹҶңôҶЩ˵֣֮
ഫţڱλүԲ˵˵ԣĥ˵ֶζ಻ʤٳҪ䵽Ҫѣո˵Կţ룬ʱ˿飡
ûɵΣѵҾ͵ɵˣҶӲͷƤҾͲɵټҩѵһܽ챦ɽĵ㣿
ֻҪ㣬ɲҩҶҽīҲ϶ֲҳưԣ
ҶѼӲأԾǿķ
ǿʶ챦ɽĵ㣬ԹԽûܽȥҽȥ֮е飡б۾ҶҶѵ˵ȥˣ
ҡҶһʱ
һࡣ
ҶЦһת״γڵҽȥɽĵ㣿ƶûܽô˭˵Ҷûܹȥ㣿
ͻһ仰ڳ˶סˡ
ۣҶҲסˡ۾ǲŵǰλꡣ
ʲôҶҡ
ɶʱ򡭡ҲҶˣ
ҲҶҶЦӣǺͰ׵˵ȻҶҼҶˣһдҶ֣ʱ˿ϱ˹ҸоǷŭ
˶٣ֲһ˵ϺҶһףҶꡣ
Ҷתͷβų˵Ҷ֣֮ʿҲ
ҶЦ˸ۡ
ҿôĸء
֮ʿ
ô֮ʿˣģ
ǿҶˣͬգһǸүͷӵһ֧еĵ֧һΪһֱѹСԼˡеƨɳҲ֮ʿ
Զ׼ֵ̡ĻҶүǲǸ̳
б۾ҶЦǿһ˵ҲҶǿɡ治֪ĸİͻͻðֵõ˵֪֪ԳԼҶˣһΪ
ҶЦҲŭٺһЦҿ϶ǲģҶȴǰ϶ʵģҲǲеģĶҶˣڵǿ϶ģ
ۣʵֻ˵ѣʱһʵô
Ҳֻ֮㣬Ҫ͵ҺҶҵ֮УҿͲʲô࣡
һģҶҵıδػҶҶˡֻҪһҶҲȱô
ҶЦ΢΢üͷоԼмûκвɱͷһգ˭ܱܵˣˣҪġ
ˣܿԼʲôʱ򣬵ڸʱҲһҸ顣
ʵʲôֻ˵ңʵҲûʲô˲𡣡
ҶЦ۾˵ȻɽضȥҲŪ̫ĳīΪǿ϶ûǷݸԵ
ǲȻŭ漴ȴͻȻɴ۾ҶЦô֪صгī
ҶЦɼΪҽȥ
Ŵԣ۵ʶһ£ĬУâ˸
ƺ˼ʲô
ȥ˻棿۵۾ҶЦ
ҶЦ𻰣ֻǵһЦһУȻһɫ


269 Ϊɶˣ
ͨڣȴһֻĹƺɫʣһֵͬʱһ׵ĵ㽥ɢ˴ɽ󣬵Ǵɢɵųζ
ڿ֮УõĴš
īҶ˵۾˲ʱֱˣ˵۾ҶЦϵĳīǳ˻ȣС̰
еǲƲģȻ˼ʣҩȴǸӶĶǣ
ҶĽ֮дžΪеУУȴȫȫɷһľȡ
У͸¶ģ֮ģֻɱˣ
һ꼫ƷĳīҶƬѾ׵īѾ˼Ʒķ룬ѾҪΪĳ̶ȣ
ֻ֮һ곬Ʒī㹻ҶһεΣ˵䵽ҲɽҶҴȫܷ۶϶棡
ۺеϢѾʼԵЩ
ڣλȣԼʱҪᡣ
ֹԼıڣתͷҶЦȻЦ㾹Ȼ챦ɽأīѾõ֤ˡ
Ҷ̤һҪ˵۵Ȼǰͬʱ߷ơ
ҶΪδԪԪƷȫʩѹѹ֮£ʱһ仰Ҳ˵
ˣֻôҶЦЩڽĿۣǷӦøпӸҺôӣǲô˵
ɫһת漴˵дīΪţҶȻ൱ӵġ˵ˣҶȻҶҶҼҶվ޹ϵģȴ֮Ҳûиͻǲǣǰ֮ǰȫʶ໥ύҶЦܾѵɡ
ҶЦף⻰ҲϲǾǽύѣǻѡ
ɫһ񣺡ҶҶЦĪ⣬Ӵ˿Ҷ־ҵĹˣ
ҶЦЦЦҵ֪֮Уⲻֻǿտڰ׻ɣҶĳΪҵĹʲôôأ
ЦˣֻҪҶְǲɵ㹻ĳīôҶҪʲôʲôؽһĶֵأҿȷ㣡
ҶЦһֽ֣ǶīҡҡͷһƵصǳī֮ǰһ·ȥȷʵջ˼īǵҳ֮Ҫٽȥȷ·ʱȴԭ·Ѿˡ
۾ˣⲻ֣Ҷֳ֪ģⱾ챦ɽʣ·ʱֱܳ죬еͨ·ֻھ죻֮󣬾ŲƵ˲֪ʲôطȥˡ
ҶЦ̯̯֣ЩεĿЦԭˣεջԵҪһЩīҪʵǰﲻæģžҳŵϰ֣ҲȡŰɣ
ΣյĹʣԲ⣬Ϊһˣ˽˵ѰȴѾ챦ɽԱסǧ꣬ɽĵ·˵ָƣα졢Ųƣڼ֮Умѭ
ֻ֮ҪܽȥǾ·ṩһֵ˵
ҶЦһ˻棿㵱·ܽһɽ£
ĿԣͬʱЦ
ид㣬о˼в˵Ҳ
֮ǰҶЦΪͬ˵Ҷ˿ѾȫȻӡ
˫öϸ֮ǰһѾʾīչʾ˳⣬ƺҲչʾһ⡣ҶЦ˵
ӦӦãҶкܿڣƬؽϣ飬治ࡣʵ
Ҫǹռҩķݶ䣡ҸǲɼīīǱص֮ҿԷī֮һҩҪȡһ롣ҶЦ˵ҪǲӦĻôʹա
仰˵ն
û⣡ͬӦˬӦõģӦ֮⡣
ǻı˴һЦ˴Һζ

һߣԪѹƵҶֵˣ˿ֻбһ
Ҷģһʼվߵģô˵˵š͵˶ԷǱȥˣ
⡭仯̫ˡ
仯죬Ҫпᡢ̡ҲҲңһ־ݵˣ
ĽҶܹ챦ɽأڳīͬʱо޵ľ
ԭΪ콵ǣҶϼ忴һ⣬Ҷӵ漣룬һȴô̵ʱǱǣѸٵת˸ûе׵Ԩ
Ϊٶֱ绢Ҷǰϼӽֻ벻ˣ
㯱оʴӵľ
ѵ˵ԼһֵҪΪǼһô

ʧǵ뿪֮ʣĵ벻ף⾿Ƿʲô顣
Ϊʲôתأ
ǸҶģҶҺųҶһףһдҶֵҶ֮ˣ֮ˣô˵ͱأ


270 ĳ
Ҷã߳Զ֮˵ĶԻ

ʲôʱԶ
ȻԽԽõġ
ǡ죿
糿
ãû⣡
һΪ
׷
Ҷֻ߿ԵСۣдһޣһ񲻸ã
鷳ˡ˵ϰ߸ŴԺĹأǸǣڴ˻ǡ
Ҷ㡭
˲˵Ҿǲġҿȥ֮󣬾Ҳˣһ仰Ǿͺãҩ뿪뿪˵ٳȥǵģ
ǺǣҶִˣҲֻñʾź˵ҵҲܹҶֵ˼ǡ
ɢ
ǡ
ء
۵һ˷ܶȥ
ֳһֻʣҶЦѩˡ

ȥķ
ҶЦ˷ֵλѾ߳ɣȻǻͷңҲѾҶЦ˵ټ۵ϣǷݼµ̶һ֡
ӣѵ죬Ҫһｫī֮ҩһ룿챦ɽبԽҩȻĿӴδ⡭һѹ
̲סЦԵһ־緢
ˡǻԣһӡ
ţ׾ͺã㻹̫죬һҩϣ͵ͬ¸һ䣬ܾ⣬ܵһⲻǣֵ顭ǶҼˣס
µסֻǸߵˣѿǳֻЩʵԡһ
һȻϵ࣬ûäĿֹۣҶЦԡ桱طʵԪƷΪԪ£ֶκǳɹԪƷ߶ΪҶЦʵѩ˵ʵΪʵ̫ߣΣǷݷ豹ȣǳֳֵķΧǸϸĵĻȻʵߵΣܾñԼֻ»ҪԸߣҲǸղûмʱҶЦ˳ֵĸԭڣ
ǧ֣һյĵۻ׵ģӰ˼ΣĵȻף
ףԻףɸЭһʧ
ǣү˼꣬
ĵЦţ벻һһʱҩʵֻΪɢɢģȴһɼҶҹȻ޷ء
ǹӸ˴컯󣬺鸣췴ĵġ
ٺ٣ֻҶļһϿǾȴǸӣȻҪҵ潫ҩߣǷˡͲ֪ӵеļƷīʲôֱֵƮƹ˽ӴףǲĽأֻӵеһУȫˣۺݶЦţ˵ԩͷҪȥÿǸʮ˸ҲǲӶģ
˵ǡ
˵۹ǳȫ֪ĵ̣ܹҵ·ôԼҲͽȥˣҲȷҪ·ˣǲͬ·ˣָɽ·ָŹص·
˵̫ˡ
ԡһγҵĻᣬ۰ŵ
ֻҪ£ڼ֮бȻһ֦㡣̳֮λǶ϶ܲ˵ġʱ򣬻ӲҪֵܡ
ȻúøɣӾԲԼţ
л࣡±صΪӸͿأǣ
һƬ־ЦУ˿ӱޣʧڴ·ͷ
бǰ
ЩӵҶЦ
ڻǾҪȥ仰Ŀ޿κε̾ϢζԶ׼
ǵģڼȥĹؼڣɽҶЦ΢Ц˵һ⿪ɽܣҲ˳֪֮ա
ԲôҶҪȥģԭţ˵ص·ȻֲõġҶЦһЦ
ȻɽеΣֻĪ⡣һ¡
Ҳһ򵼣ȻôҶЦٺһЦ
ѡȻǸУ߶εĵطڡ򵼣ҶˡһȻΣգҪ˼ɣ𣿡
֪ġҶЦЦ
ϴмⲻ⣬ָ㡣ѩͷһĴ󲻵⣬شĵС
ʡ˶һּΪȤĿźѩƺѾ֪ʲô
֪ϴҲǵһҩɽɣѩ
ǲ֮ǰȷʵû˵ءҶЦϣ㲻ޡ
֪ɽĵ·ڹ仯ѩüͷʵʵڵ벻ͨҵĵһڡ
ҶЦͬʱһ
ͬ


271 ľ
ѩغΪʲôң
˵ǱȻ㱿ԵҪϸɽôҲܹîϣʳ˵ûϸӹɽҶЦɸֵ˵ɽϣƣһһľɽʯֻҪϸϣԼֳ󷨵İ֣
Ȼܿĸ֣λ²ɽ·Ȼĳֱ仯ҶЦźѩ
ѩԵʱǱ˾ķڲûҲҪ֣أǿʶ˵ִûм󷨣ż©Ҳ֮С֪֣ƺӦóΪӵɰɣ
ޣ㻹ڼΪԪƷĶ֣ҶЦͬһӳʲô֪ʱ䶼ȥˣű˿ɱ˵ʶңҿɶˣ̫ˣ
ѩߣǻ˱˶˵ⷬѾν𣬾Էһ䷨Ҳ⣬ǰȴ޼ƿʩֻ̡
ðɺðɣҵĴȫҵĴҹª˰ɣλвУѩһίҵһǡô֪ǵǰҪǳī˾׼ҵǵҪڣīȻҲƷֲ֮ͬףһֲҲǲģ
أҶЦɴһֿ׳ҲƵźѩҡҶ֪ô˵ˡ治֪ɵװɵѵ㶼ûѰҩΪ͸Ʈƹ㲻֪ƮƹҪʲôҩ
ʲôҩҪʲô֪ȥѩأɵǺǵʵ
ǸĳҶЦЩЦˣװƻеĲ
һߣٺõĺҲֵܶüЦ
ƮƹôѩԾãȻ⡣
ҶСεͱˣΪӣίʵƮƹĪܣСӲ֪Ӧ֮壡֪֮ҲԵɺϰɣһ߲˵ȴǺΪѩΧ
ȴǳ֮˵Ҫֿ֪ԻƮƹ߹ĹƮƹܣҶЦȻԵɺ֮£Ա˳֪񹦵ı˶ڣԼԼ񹦿ԷǳЧĻ书٣ʶķΧлĹ٣Ըо֪Ծޡ
ҶЦԴ˵㳰Ūѩ˵ǺûеģҪѩ֪Ʈƹ壬Ʈƹ븲֮ҲͲԶˣ
ҶЦתһ룬˲ʱ⣬ҲԼίʵͻˣԼȻ֪ԭίǺѩԴȻ֪Ϊ֣ȫȻ֪
ҶЦӵĸԣԼŪ˷ҲǲϴΣνѼӲǣ
ֻϴĻһеһǶԵĵ֪ĵĺѩȫûⷽ룬ʳ˵ʣðɣҲҹªš֪֪;ѩġ
ǲ֪ɽ֮еĵ·ô汲ǧǸһȥˣҶЦһǻȡԴķʽǲȡϡҩֲϹɣ˵㣬֪֪·
뵽֮ǰԩ˺ѩû˵̫ĻȻ֪Լ˵ˣѩҲ⣬ǰҶүԼܻôһĵΣ
ˣѩڷԼȷʵʵ޴ˣڨڨ˵˵ǾһȺľ񣬲ϵġ
ϳ㡭ҶЦݺݵ˵˶ǣ
ѩѼӲãǶ࣡
ľ񣡡һߣѧҶЦݺݵĿĸ֡
ѩ׵ˡ
һ࣬ǿЦһᣬſ˵һЩףΪʲôô϶ؼ㣬ɽϣ
ҶЦԼȲôԵ飬ѩСûɵ㶼û
ѩˣϴòʲô¶ң㵽Ҫҵʲôز
Ե飿סˣ
Դˣȷ⣬ԼҶЦͬɽԼΣòƵûз֣Դͷɽ
Ȼϡҩ˵ܳϹϵȴ˭Ҳû뵽ġ
ҶЦԴ˲ˣϡÿһ賿Ƕߣس٣ѵ㶼ûо
һ£оʲôо
ҶЦ̾˿ÿճ֮ʣޱҪ̡֮һߣȴڼʱɢݴд󲿷ֵֻķķʽнٵҩɽ㾹Ȼ֪


272 һ޶
Ӳ죺££
ҶЦͬʱ죺ÿ糿һɹ磬ܲȫȻ޸аɣ
ӦΪǴ˵ػΧûȥ
Щ磬ȥҩɽȻͻȻͱˣ㾹Ȼȫ֪ҶЦ˼Ѿ²ˡ
Զ׼һĿȻļ󣬾Ȼȴ߾Ȼ֪ⲻӦð
治֪ʵʵҡͷʾԼȫȻ֪
ҶЦ̾˿һʱ䲻֪νһˣ
ԺһͻȻһ¡
ÿ糿س֣ս徣߶Ϊ˵ܹ׼İյɫĶŵ㣬еģȴδмˡڣֻԼһ˲ܾȷգ
ϾԼղſȷѯĳܶ˸飬ˣ
ǲǿһۡԼܣΪԼĹ񹦣Ϊ㣬ŵϳԼ֮ˣӦĴڡȵȣ
ͬԴɣԼȻܹһ۾Ϳ͸ҩɽأ˾ǸֻѾҩɽ¾סһ壬Ҳδо
򣬵޷ΪبԽʼܹ˽ҩɽܣԼĴڡ
һͨˣҶЦȫˡ
Լܹ֮ڵһε֮࣬ͰյܵԴͷڡ
Լܹһ۷ҩɽܣһжֻΪԼĹ
񹦣
Žһ񹦣
һ̣ҶЦԵЩԶĪˡ
תͷЩңǰҩ֮ɽأ졢ΧĴɽ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҶЦͻȻðΥĻ
˫һ飡
ֻ뵽仰ҶЦֲ˶
ŻȻһ˯ˣƺʱЩˡ
Դϴδɽ֮󲻾ãʰѩû죬ڿռ˳˯ߣһֱڣԾûļ
Ҫ񵤣ҶЦҲѰʱ˶ҶЦգԼˣòƲǺְܳ˵
֮µЩرĿҶЦƽʵǾκˡ
ҶЦ
ӣԭϣôôԭȫȻûз֣
Ȼһ۾ܿɽϣ֣
ȹϵ󷨣ܹϳˡһҲûмɡֻһۣͬһʱ䷢֡
ֻߣʵͷˣ
ֻ仰͵õ˽ҩɽ
ô㣬Ҫ棬ʲôأ
һ꣬Ѿȫ죬ҽӽɱĳī
֪ҲǱֻ˵ǻƮƹκһλڴˣīѾΪɱ֮ˣ
ȻԳīӵ̬ϣֳīʵ࣡
ǡһ׼ĳʵΪˡƮƹ
оκ˵ķţôȴһҲûʳ
ʡ
ѯʴ𰸣ҶЦ
ӣԼ
Ȼ˼ʲ֪ҶЦղóһīĿռ桭Ʒεһꡣ
ǧҪɣ࣡
Դϴεõī֮󣬽֮Լ޾ռ֮пⷱջ࣬޾ռľռ֮УīĶصҩ
еľ󲿷֣Ѿת˳
ֶƮƹĸ߲˵Կľҩ

һҹҶЦϥǱԾڳԣȡѱ֮УЩġԾùֵ
ҶЦʼղţȻܷǳЧã
ѩһߣҲĬĬɣ֪Լϴ켴ңҵҩ֮󣬱Ȼһս
ȻսѶȣںѩ˵ȴ뱣֤ҶЦԲܳʲô©⡣
Сʻ괬һ򣬾һ
һ࣬ڰС
һϮۣޱߺڰΪһ塣
˿ǳڻƬ֮Уȴʵŵĸ壻۾ʱشҶЦӹִҴææؼת
ΨҶЦԼڹ۲
һ飬һҲء
ȻҶЦҶЦģеǼ⣬ȴԾڲͣķ
Ϊʲôأ
ӡϵأѽ
ռ֮С
ΪֹѾ˯һµĶϵëԭѩףαþӨƺÿһëǰɣǵһȾ覡
ĳ˯֮УƤͻȻգһ£漴ͻˡ


273 ҹߣ
էѵһֻ̬Сɵצʹǰ쿪СɵӣԼóģȻ⼸¶䣬վ
̧ܵצӿ˿Ҳ֪ڿʲôŵ̬ë˶漴ָֻ̬
ֻУԵþӨϾëšˢһٶȻָԭѩ˳
ֻ۾棬ȴ˼ɫʡ
֮ǰδֹʡ
һ̣ٶվػص˼ͷһƳ֮ʣ۾һɡ
ԶǼʮ񿥣Ҳȴǰ˲ֹһ۽ͻȻͬһʱ䷢ϸϸ
׵̯״Ŷ
ǳͷβĳ̬
ܹĸоԼλϴ󡭡
һ˯֮òƱԭǻᣬҪӵĿˡ
ҲҲǸӿ˺ü
ھλߵĸӦֱԲд
ֻǣʵԭȵĶܵǸʲôأ
ȴδ֪֮
һҹߺѩеҶЦٸƽûжԾǱΪã˶ѡ
ǾҶЦĸ˸оԣȴƺǸһҹ
ָֻоǸ棬ЩȤ
ҶЦԣòѾöûôڴһĵˣ
ҶЦɫ㣬ϥʵĵȴǻЦ⡣
գǰδеһգ
ҩɽһҪȥңܣҲһҪһʲô¡
ҶЦûָԼһνȥҵʲôܣȻȷˣгȴҪ

һҹҶЦͬȤڴ˵ҲһڴĲ֮ҹ۴ȥľϢʱϼȻ󲨡
ȷǸҶֽӽĳīʱ򡭡ȷ龹Ȼĵʱ򡭡
ôܾͷǱߵţԷһأ
е⣬Щг
һҶ˵ŸϹȥأֱӽߣֻߴɺǿջϲһʹһ겻񣿣ֻҪһһļƷīȡƮƹ棬ж༸꣬Ʈƹһˣʹ˷ֲҶҳҲǷ֮ף
ҶҴ˼;ĩ·϶ľݣοֹǾݣǾطһľ
쵰Ȼ˶ﲻˡȻΪԼʲô󹦵ӣȻҪ͡
ڼһ㽫ۺݺݳһ֮չ˽ŵĻ֡
мڴˣһҪȫ׼¾ܴκһ˿һ©
ǣں̵ܶʱͰѼ֮меľӢȫ˹ȫٸ·ص㡣
ҾӢһ֣Ҷǰıؾ֮·һ֣ǸҩɽԶԶעǻǱߵȺˡ
ֻҪȷ϶Էھͺã̫۵ĿҲеԷʵδһ˫δزᱻԷҪǱǷеĹؼڣӶҪۣǺ¶ˣǽ֦κһ©ӳٶصʧ
֣к㳲˶Сĵľš
ֻǿһؼ˵ж֮ʱ
һҹжÿ˼ǵ۾һҹ
˵ͻȻֵҶģֱ͸ǡ
ϼܸܲһ󲽣ͿһεĶˡ
ȻҶҷ˴©ǣҪƶȨλȴҲôס⼸ƮƹڳīԽԽ󣬵ڣмܹɵĳīƮƹ˵Ǳˮн
Ͼīô׾ҵõϡֲ
Ȼżҵһ꣬ǶײҲơ
ֻҪȡûҪðСķգһػ޵Ļôժҩ˵ɵĿԸߴųϣ
ȷ˵һܹɵĳīʮĻôƮƹÿҲһô࣡
ľ޴࣡
֮ǰĵ˵ԼܹȡҶҵĵλʵֻǺѡ
ϾҶҾ㵱һ궼ûУӵеĿȣԲʮѡ
Ʈƹ˵ֻ޹ʹС֡
ҶЦչֳ꼫Ʒīȴֲ㵥һ꽫Ҫīȴ൱һѰĳīϾܹӵмƷмܽĳīν󣬵ֻһ꼫Ʒī͵ͬƮƹһͬСɣ


274 ǲ
ңҶЦԣϿɲֹһīҩɽ㣬ҶЦӵеļīƷöӽԶʤѰīֻ֮Ҫӵ⼸ī˻ʵȻԻƮƹӡֲ
ԣҶͻȻֵҶģֱӵ˲ϧһд۵ĵز
ֻҪڼˣȫѹҶֻĵ棬ҽεĻԵ򶥼УҲƽҪ󣬶Ʈƹ˵ֻƽ
˶ԷӴôãԼˣȴûʼԷԲУ
ҵĳ׷ŭٲ¡
Ƚ룬ֻҪ棬Ҷľܲˣĺϵģǵģ
Ҫݾߣ

һߡ
ҶֵܻصҶңʼĩ֮ͬһѪͷ
˶װˣֱһͷβķ͸ǾȻƽ״Ҫ˶ͷ
Ҷ㡭൱ûôˡ
ҶҳǱŭҶһҹ
˼ҳʱվҶߵģԷҲҶҶһףǰû׼һңǶôõǾȻķŹˣǵʲô޲ҶҲôǣӾҲǡ˵仰ĳϼѪˡ
ǴĵҲˣȴְװ׵Ľһ͸ҡҡҪѪˡ
һлδ棬ҲüֻҪϹȥԤʱ졭ֻҪлᣬͿԸд
ԣ֣Ҷȫ֮һҪѽд
²˳٣
죡
Ҷһ֧֧ҪҪҲȥ
˶ѵԴҲˣҲȥѵ㻹ӵĻ᣿
ǡ
ҶҲҹһӸֶ飬ҹ̸ҶЦ֮ء
ȻȻڰ·ϣҵЦĻᣬžǷǰ׹ȥ
㳲Ϸأϧ֣ð벽
Ҷұˮһս߸½ܲ˵ʲôҲŹľݡ
˫ذŴ˼رǻ谵òơ

һҹҶЦҵҶҵȻɵǣˣҲ쳣Ρ
硭
Ӧѩվɽۣ֮УȫǾɲ
Ϊڰʱոնɱ˼ŵĵӣڷɶݵʱ۾侪һƳƺǷһӰȻӰЩΪǿߵľӦʧ̬
ʱ˴˸֮ңԷûзĴڣɽּߣ̬д⣻ȻƺҲѰʲôˡ
Զ֮ľӦһۿȴЩͱˡ
ԲǾӦʲʵһĻ˾ӦĵĲ֣
ǸˣλòھӦ˵ޱȵϤ
ҶЦ
ǷҶЦЦ
ӦһĻסˣ漴ѣһҡһ£Ծؿһϣ档
ƽľȥѰҵʱǸҶЦӰȴʧӰ
ԭӦһҪң׾ҵ
ԾӦԪƷ۷ʶѰ֮£ֻҪ˻ڴ˵طԲǧ֮ڣ׾ҵ
οԭľֻɣһ˲ʧ٣ȻҲ뿪̫Զ
ӦȴûмʱʼѰҡ
ֻ룬˼
ǲ
ǲǣ
ҿˣ
ˣ
ʵ̫̫ҹλأ̫̫εĹΣԼ̫̫εʧŵǰϣٵǷݵĻûʧþӦһʱ䲻ҳԣǰα
ѾˣǿߵĿ֮£嶼ˡٲôܻţҵǰ
¶ԣЩǲ˵ѣôôһ£
УǸ˵ΪϢôô΢ĩ
ѵֻǵĳ񣿡
ӦҹоվĿԡ
ôһҪȷϾ⡭ǲǡӦëһķϢûںڰ֮С
ԶĳһϢĽӽ˹ȥ
жĹУ϶һϮɴϵ·Ҳһ˲ı˺ҹһɫ
ӦУԼҲϵǣһãԸ
Ǿǡ
һҶЦûֻըأΪûлָ˵һ˵ĵطһֱ㵽ڣ
ǡ
ǡ
һ뵽ܣӦȻԼҲ֪εĻȴ̲סһ


275 ͻͽ
ͬһҹ֮С
طҲɲɵͬҹ£ֻԭȴǸͬ
ۣ
ԡѪһԼȴּ侫ȷĽǶȴһӵʺҪմߣнȴѼʱ
һ֮࣬Բӡ󣬾һƬδ䣬кüӰһ׷ȥ
ɱܷߣ
ڷӴܡ˿̵ûκϾϢһееĿжǷ
㵹ù״ĸԭԴͷȴ֮ǰ·ƽɱһǿŮӵˡ
˱ΪܸߣҲԪһƷˮ׼ȴһƷŷСĶӡ
û뵽ģѾˣٺڰշŭȫ޼£ǰΨһľֻУŬ棬˶ѣ
֮ʱӿ̫ˣһֱڼɹķΧйÿһ춼ܹʮεΣ
Ȼܿ䣬׷ɱƵƵܵüǺ޼ϣںòײԪһƷԣ鷳̤ͬ˱;
;ΨһеЩοǡⲻϵ׷ɱ·;УһʮεΣ֮Уȫ޼϶սսΧУΪڱȵķš
սսĲ˵ЦսνԽԽ죬֮ĸ򣬶͸νԽԽ롣
ֱڲףҶЦ״͸Լǲһε˵õĳ
ԽԽԽǸоⲿУޣǱޱߡ
δ֮һٴ֮УȻ߰ʮζΪͻУӶӳ졣
Ƶܼĵ·ϣֱ룬ͻͽΪȻҲҶЦնԼߵغ֮
Ĺž֮УҲȻǶģҶЦں½ظԼ
ƽʱ򣬺˳ʱ򣬻߻֪׹Ŀɹ̶ȣΨ֮䣬پʱ򣬲֪Ⱦ֮еıǺεȵܿɹ
ʵϣֽԵļȻʮ֮˾ŶԴҶЦҲ˻Ե
ҶЦǲ֪һҪԣҲΪ֪ź䡣
Ϊʱһʺġ
ԭǣҶЦ֮ͳһΪԼѾⲿѾòˡ˵ȴһĻᣡ
ǵģⲿؼ۷壬ǿںἰĵԪ۷ؾϼ
һûޣûֹûоͷ񼶹
ĿǰϰҪּ򵥴ֱá졢׼СԭʼҪ㣬ȴǰ书ʵĶ
ں½ʱĹбС֮һ͸شޱʥѪϴһƽ¸Դǵⲿķ
ȻⲿķȻֱָԣҪȴǼΪѵģΪ̫עػˣڱΪ̣ΪΣעصĵǣϰ߱ڿ׼ճ̶ȣһأײ˾ųɾžžŵߣⲿˣɾԾ޵úܣ
˹ϣ˵׼ճ̶ȣϰʵսϣΪ½ϵĵһɱ֣ɱֻﵽ׼һҪ˵ĵطʵս
ǹϵĵһɱ֣ôǷȱʵսΪɱݣһУԶǧǷȱԵ沫ɱᣬҪ֪䵱ǰϰĹʱ̶Ϊ빦Ҫ֮϶ȣΪ̶Ƚϵ͵ʱ򣬱׶˲ԣ߸ɴȫ׶ˣȵΪߣ˴֮϶ҲԽܼͣ緢ִ˵㣬ΪԪΣˣֹֻ
ȴǺ˵ܺòʵһɱһʵԼ൱ԪŹӣ⵽ԴԴ׷ɱʱԵ׷ɱˣ˵ʵҪ֮ϣҪֻɱϱɱ֮£սսķΧԳɣ
ÿһսڹܾġ졢׼Сиµʶ
죬쵽ԲѸ٣εвУֻҪȵ˿죬ͿԱȵ˸һж֣
Ȼ׼ȷ֮ĩΪȷĵҪ㣬Ǳɱֵڣ
ֻǹп졢׼ҪеоһҪͻƶԷԪΪԶԼ֮ϵĵ֣ǣУԴ˶裬ΨнΪԪΪĳ̶ȣһ㡢һһ΢ĵزγһеУһɱս
㲻ϵ֮ߣһ·ͻͽǰѾͻƵԪأ


276 һҹ
ȻԾɴڱ׷ɱȻԾСţֻҪԼһ죬ƾⲿ½۷壡
һеһУȫҶЦͣ
һ֪ͼˣһжĵף֪ԼǷҶЦ١
޷Ļ飡
ĵʲôпǰҪԾһδ׷ɱͽ޹𲽳Ÿ֣Ӽѡ
ǵûаη壬˿
ɣ
׷ɱҵĶ¸Щɡ
ֻҪɱңӾһδξԼ
ɱ䣡
һգ
侲ӰȻʧһƬݴС
Ƭֵ֮ļӰߺϸ˹ȥ
ǹȥ֮󣬲ݴһȻ˸һ£漴һľȻ˳ôϢĸǼ˺棬ȥ
нͬ˸
һƽУ

ҹ˯ŵĻƽ죻˯ԭиԵĲ죬ΪɱˣѰ𣬱ѵϢƽȴĲ˯ʱ䶫һͷһ鳣ȫһ޳ܵģ̰Ĵ
ģķԲ֮ڣƽѾȥһŵĸ߶ȡ
ᶼƽڵĴ
Ƚ䱻Уƽ½ԵУ
Ǳϵġģûв͵ġ
һͬĵطǾһΪȣҲǷɿΡ
ȻĪԵȴˡ
һ壬ϱȻԾǻ״̬ȴܺ޶ȵİﵽƽ졣
ƽսʱϱһ߹սֻҪһȷûΣգͻ뿪ѰҩƾŻϰĶҵҩǶൽҪҪġ
һҹƽѵõѡ´ϢвסгѰҩʱзһ˵ɽ˵ɽʵֻȭͷôССڶѡ
ȴŵһɼ֮Ũҩ㡣
ڴСڻû壬СҲνƮȥ֮ϲķ֣ȻһλϹŴܵӶпνж졣
ǸϽƽ죬޶˳ܶСĵؽڿ㹻һĳ̶ȱ㼴ֽ֣޷αװһ飬ŽйӾ
Ȼƽͼˡ
⡭˾һλʥǿߵĴж
ǡʲôʱȻֹʥǿأ
Σǰǲ飬˷ܹȵƽ죬עҪղˣ
﷽Բؽţڽȥһʱ䣬ҲܱȽϿˡ
Ϊƽ콫ӽҹʱʧһʱ֮ڡ
ֻءȵٴγֵʱȴעӿֲѲʵҲһֲĲΣ֮ܶһӿµڲ֮ŰԤڣ
һ㣬ӹɣ
䣬½Եƽ죬ӱһЩԴӳ֮󣬻Ͼû찲ӣÿʱÿ̶׷ɱ
һҹλĴɱָһڱ׷ɱ·֮񱼣
ΨһֵóƵһ㣬ڣҲѾԪƷˡ
ǰĻΧѾ뿪ԼٵһƬ治뿪ǡһƬ׵Ļ첻ȥˡ
ļΪƽĳã
һ·ȥӴܣϵؽӣϵĵˣϵر׷ɱϵȻٲͣĵˡϵ
ڤڤеָȥķѾܽӽ䵱ǰڵƬˡ
ڻҹɫУͬһ֧ʳӴ֮ʣʲôƶãóκƣȴʼֲܱԼ϶ķƶӴܡ
ӳ˸֣һһ·ɱȥ׷Ӻһһ㣬ӵģ
֣طġ
һһʧԶ

賿ʱ֣ڵˡ
ҶЦĬĬصһҹڵһ̵
ڳƵҩɽһ̣ʣէ֣ޱߵȻӿ
ҶЦо˸񹦣һȫת
ϹӨȻ
һҹѩ仹˼壬ȴһҲû
һֱڿĺ֮£ͺȫڻޱߵĺڰ֮УȫȻûκм
ӿµʱ˶ߡ
á
Ȼĺһ
ʲôˣϵռ֮һδ徵䷨֮£սģû֪ȫ֮ʵѾȥʲô̶ȣ䷨ûʤô
⣬ҲԼ


277 Ҷ棡
ӵгܵʶȻҲԶ˷룬˿̣ȻԾûСҶЦԳصޱ޷Ϊãȴе˴˿̵쳣Ԫ仯ȻӦϸ΢ȴʵ飬ҷΧ֮󣬵ȥϯأĳ̶ȣ
ν㶡ĸо״̬ѾûйˣǴ˿̣춯ʵ̫ˣ̫ǿң޿ɱ˿ǰ֮У
Ϊһ̵𶯣仯ҶЦ˵ġȫһ
ȻȻûиоҩɽأɢٶȣԼı仯ȻоҩɽĲѰ
׵ӡ֤ҶЦ֮ǰ˵Ļ޵ķʸ
ԭҩɽľһеĹؼ֮ڣ
ҶЦ̾˿Լ֪ϲǾ
ڵΪȻܹǿܲĶ

һӵȴʮ̤߹
ЩˣϾĸ֣˿ȷʱ䵽ˣȻϽ
Ƕԣ˼Ƕ˵ֱ·ĵ˭ҲǶõģ
ȻЩԴϵĵһʱ䣬ҶЦ˾͸оˣֻû˵ѡ
˿̿ԷһĹظеֱݴϷ˼״Щ̿ˡ
ĿҶֵôӺǺӵĳڴҶֵ밲ʺãȵһͰ׵Цݣȭʾ֮Զ׼
ҶЦ߻ûü˵Զңң򶷡߳ȵһҵеӺҪ̱ȴҲҪԼûôһڣνĲԣǰвΪô
籬һ㾢һӰһҵİΧȦǿгһȱڣܶ߼
еǰˣ޲ᣬѪɣһơ
Ҷ쳽Ӻ״ɫһ䣬ͫȻ
벻ҶҾù£ȻԼҵҲ˳
λҶ쳽ǵǰҶϼһ֣Ҷ쳽ԪƷǿߣ
Ƭ򣬵ԪƷʵ˵ѾǶĴˡ
ҶҵһֱҪҵķȥһʼͽ޹Ĵǲ뾪Ҷ쳽ģ򱾼ң˼޼ƿʩ֮£Ҳֻ
ϾڵҶίʵѾĹͷٲ֣´Ӵ˾ıѹȥӴģ̌ͷ
ңɱҵǿս֣Ҳ𵽶Ч
Ҷ쳽Գ֣ίʵǲͬ죻ԴأҶլ˵أ벻߰һ·ٱۣҵİΧȦһֱҩɽĿĵأܹŲ˲ʱ
񣬳ͨ衣
£λҶҵѾԽˣվҶЦǰһ˫ӥһӣ´ҶЦ
ҶЦĻɫ㣬һ˫ֱһ̶ˮûκβ¶˿顣
һҶ쳽ҶЦݣ㲻ѩȻҶ쳽ıΪԶҶЦ֮ϣҶЦû̫£ԼƣԪεս飬ԪƷδؾͲܵУ
ǱΡȻԱߵĺѩվ΢΢ţѣԻɢɿ壬ƺһ̾ͻᵹȥ˯ˡ
ҶЦֻ֪ҪλҶҵڸҶҶЦ֣ҶЦǷԳ֣ѩ˲䱩𣬽һпγضɱ
ҶЦܹӦǰһ£ǰҪϴͲǷȱ벻飬֪ҶͷûаʲôΪ֪Ĺзһһûģ
λҲҶˣҶ쳽ҶЦ΢Цһ£̬ȵҲǺͰ
ҶЦɫ˵Ҷ
λҶڣҶЦзǵûʲô⣬һм˳ۡ
Ҳ˼ҶûòʲôģҪǡҶ飻λҶ棬ΪҶҵǿߣͷβһ·װƣսҶһţҲû˵ʲô
̬ȣҶЦĵ׶֮Ҫǲйء
һǣҶҴ˴γ֮ˣûԼҶڣ
˼ѾҶͷƱȫԸ񾡳ǰҶ治ôԼҶ죬ȴûе˵ʲô
ȻǷ֧֮ȽҪͷԲҶڵķ֧гͷĻᣬȻҲҶΪαʣǵΣתȻӲ֧֮˷Լһߵ棡


278 淨
ҶЦĶϤ飬˽Ҷ״ῴ͸Сۣ
ҶҳߣͬڡҶ쳽һͬҶ಻Щף㾹ȻͬΪҶģҪҵӪ
̾һô˵һҲдҶֵġ
ҶЦ˿ڳ߰ٶڣҶչȻǴգôҲϣǰүӵ˵ҶľͱվҶһأ
Ҷ쳽Բüͷ˵ͬռΪͬͬԴΪһңǧǰδزԴͬһ壻Ϊ˱ұڵʢͬԴѪ͸岻ݴǡ
ҶЦǺһЦǼڽǵ˵ǲ˵ֻҪΪ˼棬ͿĳЩ˵棬ˣϥίȫүǲ˼
Ҷ쳽һ˿ʹ׷˼ֻ仰µˣԷ˵ǵҶΪ˱ȫ壬Ҷ֮顣
ҶЦеǷݼڽҲҶ쳽ʱˣΪʲôΪʲôһʼͶԼĳֵԭ
ѵѡҶңѡҵԭ
꣬Ϊʲô˸Ȥһר
Ҷ쳽˵꣬ᵽǼ¼ҲǼ£㲢ûйϵɣ
ҶЦǺǺһЦԭ¸ûйϵ𣿣ǸղүӸ˵ʲôͬռΪͬͬԴΪһҵ˵ЦˣȷʵҶҵ¼¸ʲôϵүһģҵɴϣԼѡ񡣶лˣ
ҶЦлʵķζΣ
Ҷ쳽̾ϢһУΪ˼Ƚһ֮δһ˵ʹ㲻ʹ࣡
ҶЦүӵ۵ʵ̫ߴˣɽֹԭίȫϥԼһ棬û˵Լµ֣ЩνֶΣ𣿡
Ҷ쳽̾ϢһԳأ

ҶЦͫ׶ȻȻɾĳˡ
һ˲ҶЦĵĸеЩɽֹ
Լ뿪Լӹ𣬼Ƿǲ֣ڰײȻôϣ
ܹ鲻һ仰ҶҲǿҶ쳽˷˪ϣµĺۼЩ˵£ϷкγܣºҲʳ֪ζ㻳
ϷԾɻǻ뵱ͬѡ񡣡
Ϸγ֪Ĳ̣Ҷ챾˵ǲƽġҶ쳽Ȼ˵ƬĴϣֺôĹƽҶ첻뿪ҶҾͻ֮¹ݲѪϾ
ҶίǱˡǣԼһ˵뿪ȴܱȫ塣
ĸԸҲã߷߲ƽҲգҶҾ޿һ֮ʶ칬սжԣһ˶ȫңϷȴ޻ڣ
ϷʵãסҶ죻ôҲֻίȫϥȫѪ
ԺҶҺܹԴͷ񲻾ΪһʱίȫûϢµĺǴݺѪ̣ҲҪ֤廹лŵá
ǵ굱ѡƴսǺǣϷֻҪһ仰Ҷȫͻǰֱ̣һѪȷʵǿѪ棻Ҷȫ⣬ֻȡһʷôѪϾĽ֣ϷΪ
ɡ
Ҷڲڴ˵أϷô˵ȻҶϷ򣬻ô˵
ѡ񲻻䣡
Ѫ׳ңϷǲңĸ֮ϧϷѷԣǲԸʵǲܡ
Ҷ쳽̵ĸ飺ϷѾˣΪͻأҲûжԹҶҵѪǲܶϾġϷһҶˣΪʵҶˣܹѡ񡣡
ܴҶü۰£ȴҲܴҶʯٵĻ֮;ΨһܹģǾǡȫҵѪȻʱģȻ֮ټڣһҪôġ
Ȼ޻ڣ
Ǽ塣
Ǽ
¹ǱѡֻЭֻѡ񡣡
ҶЦͻȻĬˣβһԣһ
ҲҶЦĺѩԼԶһԱԭҶ쳽ǿҵˣ˼Ҳ¶˳صɫ
Ҷ쳽׷ڳƮɫȻɴţټãԼԻͣЩС壬Ҳǵ淽ʽѧ
ҪȻעõġ


279 ŵ
仰ҶЦ˼
ΪЦǰԼһμ֮󣬾һֱǷޣǳΪ֮ϵľǿߡ
ԼʱбǮ˵Щ飡
ȻδΧԼȴҲȷ֪ЩС壬ǿֵ֮棬Ҫ淨
Ҷ쳽˵Ҷļ壬˵󲻴˵ССһۣ֮Ȼǿȴ첻εĴڣ˵ʲôʱãǵһͻᱻһˡ
֮˵ļεĴڣԴλԣ¹Ȼ࣬ȴԶԶ㣬Ҳմ߶ѣǵҲʲôǿԮЩƶ˸ָӿļ壻ίʵڼз档
ĴΧ֮£ҪάȥҪеѪᣬ˵
ҶμҺӵҫһϴ϶ҲΨЩĸ߲֪еףԼʵһ߳ڱУһ̲ˡ
Ҳһ뿪أıչ׳֮·ĸԭڣ
ЩУһֻһҩũѡ
ҲͲҩеãľʲôôûˡ
ϾɵĵǾܵɽҰ֮вҩû̫壬ݵۡ
ݵ۵飬ɣãǡ֣
˵Ļίʵǳĵ׵ķθ֮ԡԶԶվţҶЦһ仰
˵ҶЦҲ֪Ҷλڣ˼˵Ļûа١֮ô̹ϣּԼ͵飬ԼҶҸ߲Ĳ
ҶЦҶԹ飬ûȤǶҶǰ˷Ľͣ˵һлҲ˵һ
Ҷ쳽ɬЦûʲôɸлҲӲزΪ£ҲѾоܣѸߣҲҪе飬Ŀڡ
ѹҲȷǲ²졣Ҳͬ£ٲ˵һȥҲԩףҲûܹᣬǵĿ衣
Ҷ쳽ɬ΢Цֵ֪꣬¹ʥŮʶʱ򣬶Ҷ˵νһĺ£ΪҶұ㼫пܾʹ¹ϵĿɽҶӵһξ޴Ծ
졭ǧ򲻸ãʥŮʶΪѣһΪޡٽһҶһǰδеֻ
ν̲ҷҵŻ򶴡Ҷ쳽ЩԳļɬЦŵԣŮĻҶ¹ʵڲ̫ԶԶԶһȼ棬ûгΪ׵ʸ񣬸˵Ķ¹ʥŮ
һ򵥵ıȷ֮Уһǧ򸻺ҵĹŮһһĲǷծ۵Сӣôλǧ򸻺Ȼ޲ҪԼĹŮȴϣʮа˾ŻὫǸСŪŪϡ
Ѿڿķֳ飬Ҫǡܶ⡣⣬⣬Ȧ⣬⣬¹򶪲ôӵģҶңӵĸʲ⣬Ҫǽ֮жǾȡеˡ
Ҷ쳽˵ⷬҶЦͬԱʾ⣬ȫ⡣
ֻѣ֪ôϵʥŮ¹֮еλ̩ɽȻʵչҶңҶҽŶٷչ׳
Ϊޣ¹УʥŮˡ
Ҷ쳽Լ˵ģФ죬һʵʩһɹˣͲǸ߸ϵ£ʥŮҲǣȻۣҲͲʥŮҪʱ䷲ʱ򣬱ûǿսȴۡ¹ʥŮļ壬ֻʥŮġ׶񡱲ûǣˣ׷ˣǾѾǴĸ̧ˡ
ȻҶҶҵĵλһΣҶֻߴ֮еҵӣŻ֮Ҳᱻġ
ϧǣҶ첻ǣ
ֻطˣҲСšԾܸдվ֡
Աɴ˶
ŵԡҶЦ̾Ϣ
֮УвٲФ֮ͽФӵܣеһЩȷʵΪѹ˼ţȴǱȻڣȻᷢ顣
Ҷ쳽ص˵ΪҪҪţҪڣˮ㣬ͽ
Ϸ򣬽ʱҲΪҪҪסСֵݡ
Ҷ쳽̾Ϣһ̧ۿҶЦԣڴ˿Сֵ½⣬£ͽ͵һΣ챦ɽ̽ҩ֮УҶңҲҪһݡ
ǲУû⼸仰ո˵꣬ҵ˾Ȳ˳ҶСֵܣҵĿˣѴЭ飬Ҷƾʲô


280 ͬʱ룡
⣬ҶҡҶʱչһǹս䶷תΪ
Ҷ쳽һ仰ǿƶ֮£ǽһִ
ҵ治ͬ⣬ôϷվսҶҾһսҶ쳽ڴƴһѪɺӣҶ·ҶҽͶұһ߾ȪҪһ˭ҲҪ챦ɽ㣡úô
仰ҵ˲òûӣԷƸ۱ˮһսĸ֣òǾ֣֮νʤղܣҲֲ˱˵ġ
˫һִ֮ھҸʮˣһ챦ɽ
ǣҵҪǰ濪·
˫ȥ棬չκһ㣬Ҷ쳽ڡ
һҧø
Ҷ쳽ȻܸŽȥҶ쳽ʵھǽȥˣֻƾһ֮㹻ҵʮɱþˣôеĺöȫҶҵˣǻʲô񲻾ΪҶ˼£
Ҷ쳽ͷͬ⡣
ʵϣıҶ쳽㶨ԷͬԼͬУ⣬νǿ
ֻЩʱ򣬾ȻͷβûѯʹҶЦһ
ҶЦĽҲĿࡣ
ʵ벻Ȼ·תݱء
޼ڴˣȻ̾Ҷ͵ĺòϣʹ棬ܺȨʧ˵۹ֶε治ףҪȥ½һ֮ʲôһҲǴ´࣬£ҲδزУ
ҶЦ㣬ҵ˴·ȥȵ·òˣ˳ֽȫɵֻǽ֮͸޵ʳˡ
һҶȥƻôչ
ѵҪȫŪˣĺô
ˣҶЦĲܻ࣬һģҶ֮ˣòƻʮˣ
Ѿ׵ν֦ڣҶЦӣȴҲֻúƵĴӦֻҶЦһ
˵һȥҶЦźѩ
ã
ҾͲȥˡ
һ𣬱˶һȻ
˵õǺѩ˵ȥġȻ
Ҷ쳽϶鴤һ¡
һʹӣػ˷硣
ҶЦҽȥΣûʲôȤˡ
ҶЦת˲ʱȻԼȻ֮
Ʈƹīʵʵľ֮ΪƮƹϡʵǿ֮ˣô᲻׸ҩɽѰ֣ҩɽϤ֮޷ߵ֮⣬Ĳ֣ܿѾ޹ֹһˡ
Լ߾ȴڲ࣬ȴƫҪԵľ㣬ЦǧأԼҲࣿȻԼﻹбĿģЩ治ص㡭
뵽ɵÿ˿ǰҶҺˡֵЩ˽ȥ˶Ҳǰ׷ѱһ˺ü飬ܿһĳīҲûˡ
ҶЦȻԽתÿ죬ǣȴЩȫе뷨
ȥһǣԼȥ̫࣬棬ֻҶЦܹ쵽쳣Ҳ˵ҶЦĸԵ
ֻҪҶЦһĻ᣻ԼǸŽȥҶЦ㲻֪Լ˭ǰӣҲҪٸԼһЩôɣ
ЩôǲҪãҶЦԼҪЩô
ɲȥһҲҪ㣡
ǺѩҲȥȴҲʵǲҶЦһ˸˽ȥһأ
кѩţȴܱ֤ҶЦȫһʧ
Ҳûֹѩ
ҪȻҪѩˣҲȥҶЦֺôĻġ
ҶЦߺܿȷˣҶҺҶ˭ȥȴǱ֯ڲ˾Ⱥӿȥﷴ
ȷˡ
Ҷҷʮˣÿһ㣬ݡҶЦбۿһ¾ƫͷȥûҶ졣
ңȻҲûһǸԼӳòӡ
¹Լӵİȫһܲ
⼸λҶҵľӢɣҶЦ˵Ǽ֧ģ
Ҷ쳽ǲĿ˿ҶЦ΢ЦǶ֧֧ĺǣȻʲô֣һΪҲȥ
˵䣬ǱҲѡʮ߹
˫˴˶һۣԶԷѡûʲô飬ĿҶЦ֪ҶЦǷ顣
ⲻ֪ҶЦ˼ڻ˼ţЩˣԼϵһɹһν챦ɽǲһȫιأ
ҵʮˣ϶ҲʲôˣԾͶ͵ˣͬ𣬶༸֮ˣӦ֮ģ
ҶЦɣȼգɲǼ񶾵ѾԺת˼ʮÿһ㹻ʮҩɽǣ


281 Ҷ
˿̵ĳҶ쳽ԼӺУͿԼǲǿᣬУη֮⡣
ȻҶ쳽ӺԣⱾӦ֮⣬ϣ˳£
ƳСݣܲ壡
ģ۽Խ֪ͣԽ٣֮·Ųô߶᫣֪Ǹԣ

ҶЦͺѩһǰߣʮһʮ棬˴֮μ
Ҷ쳽ں濴š
Ҳ֪أһ̣жһӡ׳ʿһȥĲҸо
һжʮ˵ıӰνҩɽһ֮󣬾ͳ׿ˡ
Ѿ֮С
б۾ڳҶ쳽Ҷ
Ҷ쳽ţԣʲô£
ͻȻȻŭģռұˡ
Ҷ쳽
ְ죬ڴͷɥֻƬ̣òʲôʱüЦ˵λҶˣ
Ҷ쳽ɫһл˵ƨͷţ
ʵеϧӣǸ˲šֻĿ⣬Ψ²ҵ˵ʵӦ
û˵꣬Ҷ쳽Ѿ֪ϻ쵰Ҫ˵ʲôһȣһȭ˳ȥ
ȻԴ׼顱һסһȭ޳ɵһŷȥʹ˷һš
Թҵĸ֣һ粻սȫȻˡ
Ҷ˶֪ͷĳֺǺܹŹֵĹϵ𣻴СʼһĶŸɣҸ㣬ңһֱɵڡһû
ֻҪһ𣬲ܵʱʵ̫ϡˡ
Χ֮£˶ΪĵʵǱ˴ϧܰѶԷҲ֣һӴ˾֪֮ĳʵʵڣʵ飬˵Ǻ֮Ƕ赭д˵
ֱǺ޲öԷһ̾͸ϽˣôһֱƾС
Ҷ쳽ȻǿҶң֮棬Ҳǿôһͷ˿ѡ
ܶԷһҪɵԷȴԲܡ

ĺҶЦȻǲ֪ģȻ֪Ҳֻ᲻ϧһˡ
˼Ѿ󲿶ӣһƬֲָŨ֮С
챦ɽһؽˡӵŨ֮пǰܹͬһ㣬ʵʵڵЩ·̫ϤˣǱ۾߲һ㣬ĿǰʲôûСҲûС
ԱߣҶҴӵ˵ԭһҲҩģֻѹε̫׵ĸɾˡ
Ҵӵ˿һǰ߲Զո֮ͻһЩ챦ɽڶ㣬־жȡˣһڶ֮䣬һǧɸ°ɡ
ҶҴôͲԶڵǰŲٻҪһǧŰٲ·ȻٲƽأȻٰ߰ʮĲ£ǵִڶ򡣵һڶ֮ҲǴһǧɸ£һǧپʮɸ£֣һ㶼
Ƶ˵ҶģǲֻҪһ첻ԣһ첻ҵëͻƤǰɣ
ҶҴӵҶҾǿʲô鶼úݶˣ޲ýƤһ㣬ȴƫƫʲôϻҪôһ֡
ǧҪҽƱ磬ɽԼ˵챦ɽĵһ㣬ǲǱƤҲȥ㻹˵һݶûУôĶҺԺˣﵱȻɾˡ
Ҷһıġ
ȻλǱߵɽһøҲǷ
ɽࣺô˵ʲô˼ҶҶ̫ûƤܹѵҪһ飬ǲŶ֣һԭҲгīģ˵ݴгīأǰѲƤŪȥҲܹīûӸԴޱ֮ľá㶮ƨ
Ҷԭǲޱ֮ľĵ׸ңīˣһǧĶרݣΪֹǲƨҲûŪ㲻Ϊǲ֪ôĺ°ɣ˭֪ҳһȺɷʣ
ɽȻŭ˵˵֪ĿǳֻҪʱգδؾͲгīɡ
ҶĽؿ˵ĿǳĿǳɣֻǡڶĲƤôҪˣô˵īҲøŶ԰ɡ
ɽ괭ͷǰߣ֮ŴＷ֣ԼǰΥԼ֮ˣȳȥɽһ㣡Ҷģš
ҶЦʧЦֻǴ¾ͿȻһЦ


282 챦ɽ
ҶĲ˵仰ĳʵڲ㣬ԴʶòѾ˵ĵ߰ʮ˰ɡΪֹһͷûбǾҵĽ̻壡ڴҷȰһ䣬㻹ŰͶĥ˼´ʣ׿ͷ̫ûˣ
Ҳ治ȻһƬŨ֮Ծܱ־ȷسܣһֱ˵ڶ㣬Ծδ
ǰϡŨĵطȻǲͣס͡
֮ʱ֮⣬˻ֻǱ˳סȷһ䣬ȻҶǱ߸žͳһ֮ԳԳƾʹһʰ󣬶ʮ˸ɴֳʮ飬׽Զɱ
ǳܡ
òֺԽԽ
ԽԽھеҶЦȴͷ綷
òƻǵһμ塣
˴˶Ա˴˾֮ǣͲöԷǻɻ⻯ࣻһɱʱȴûС
һˣƤӡ
ŭѪζʮĽ˼ʮ궼ûô涯֡
⣡ѩҶЦͬʱ죬̾Ϣֻ̾
Ҳ̾Ϊ˻ͬʱ֣ܹУȻ࣬ȴԲ輰ŮԺڣȻȻ죬ķҲֲֻᡣ
ΪɶڣѩǺһ䣺棬áǺܶġ
ѩôһʣݱ𱬼ҵ˶ʱĬ
ɽ㬵˵ҲǲǴҶڿƣһǲݵľ桭ȻҪͦԷȴҲԼȥƴԷһһǲģԡ
ѩҶЦ۾
⣡ٴͬο϶̾Ϣ̾
ǵһټ¡
гоȻԷ跢һ跢һѰҩϧһд۲ƺԼһʱȴֲಫǶһſ֡
ԭȻǡ
ҶЦѾȥ˼¡
Ҵգ
֮治С
ֻ벻ģûģ
ҸӾƵǣ飬һĵ˾ȻҶңԼϵǸ塭
εسĬһ£ҶҶڲ˼ĿڣĲǲɱҲǲҪ𣻶壬Ѿ䵽ưܵıԵһչʵ¡ֻܰװױ˱ˡ
ҡʧˡ
˵仰ɽҶ˾Ȼͬʱһ̾
ҶЦߣ
ҿ֮ǰôǸҶ۽ʲôҶҡǶĴأǵſں񣬻˵Jǹͷأ
ҶЦ˼δȴۼǰƺ
ţڶ㣬ˡ
ҩɽ㣬ҶЦֻоǰȻһԭŨȻͨ͸࣬Ȼ翣Ұȴƺǳһ޴ޱȵĻ԰һ㣬ĿдУǧ죬һ޼ʡ
νҩɽ㣬Ȼһռľ޴ƽԭһ㣬Ҳо˾λһ͵ɽ֮ϡ
ҶЦɫԾɵȻʵĵȴһ𺳡
˾һɽͣȻǬ
Ӧ˵ҲǴ˵еġԳأ
ţ㻹δԳأҲԳɿռˣ
һռؿռѾǳڶռأֲͬնҶЦĿ⣬ڶռؿռҪȵһһ
ʵȻΥġ
£ɽΪ֣ĵһռΪԽԽСǵǰ״ȴ෴еȫʵڣľҶЦʶҲֻ֮ܽڴ˵еġԳɿռ䡱޷ͣ
ǣԴơ
ôһĵָжأ
һô
֮ϵĵĲأ
Ҫôǿɾʹ̫ˣ
Ȼ֮һؼ⣬ɽһмأ
ôһ룬ҶЦͻȻоǺȻ
ҩɽʲôأ
ܹΪ˵ҶЦеȻ鵱޵úܣҩɽȴҶЦ־Υĸо
ʮųʱ֮ǰСĵȺڶ˲ʱɹԶݺȻ𣬾ʧԶȥ
ǧ֮УС֮ǱӴܡ
УȻƷޡ
ŻһĿ޺Ƴˮ˳һԶȥ
Σ׳۵úܡ
ȻⳡǼֲ֣ޱһȺޱӣȫȻ޶ԣԹԵǡ


283 ѭ򽥽
ڶ㣬ռشԼһĶأͱɽʲôģҿԱ֤һ㣬⾳֮бһīҲûеġ
Ψһû뿪ɽҶЦ˵⾳شҲͻЩѰҩֻЩҩļֵԶԶīᲢۡ
һûжҶԺһڶĵ򷶳Ӧһǧ߰ʮĶаͱڣʮߴϿȹʮīҲûбֻЩĿǰ̫Сˣҩ㣬߸ɴ޷ֲضƱ䳤֮գҶвãҲûƵĲðɣǧҪʽƱ磬û壬ǿ磬ֻƽ׽ԼݣȻСûʲôݿԣ
˵⻰ʱһҲɽȴԵļ֮ɫ
ɽһһף޶񶾵ɫҶģȻһֱûಫֻҪһܳȥһ㣡ģ
Ҷ˵ĵڶʮ˴˰ɣֻ֪ģ֪Щ治֪жˣֻ¾ҪĵĳԽԽãƣҲԣӾûԣԲ˵޼ɵſ
Ĳʲôˡʱر㾾ġ
ԺǰˣҶʽⷽ磬Ǵ磬񼼣ˣҸɽֹ̾Ϊֹ
ɽҧڣúúãŰɣ
ݺݵĵͷȥ
ҶЦۿ˳ڷһγȥֵ֮Ŀжɽ᲻أ
ֻҶЦսǣּʲᳬٷ֮塣
֮Իаٷ֮ļʣҲжУҶشءһϢأɽ϶͸Ҷ֣ȻļʵڲߣܻĿ԰ɣ
ڶ֮УмԿС·Ѿȳͨɼ˴֮ࡢ̫࣬·Ҳ·ˡ
ҶĺһҶЦϸ˵˵ؾ
ҶЦװȤҶĵĽ˵ûһѹҩģһҶЦ׹棻齥ˡ
Ҷһߴ·һ߽˵ȴֱҶЦ˴ڶŵ
ҶЦҶĵ㵹ҲףԼҲȥժҩʱ䣬Ȼ˵֮࣬ҶЦ̾ҶΪ˹ȻɽҪֱö࣬Ҳδ̫Сˣڶҩ뱾үУ˵ЩѰֲǳīүĿռǶĶģҩģֵô䱸ô
үүռط
ҶΪ򵼣ֻ߽˵Ա൱ְģһ·ϵĽͣ꾡൱زתͷɽҪëҲһ㶼
ͷڴ˾ͦѵһ£
߾Ϊëһ·˷ûٳˡ
һ·֮ҲȫȻķƽ˾Ҳ˲գȻ䱻һȺ˶۷˹ǵأ߽µĲݴȻмߣѸײڶ֮ɹ
ֻһЩ֪ޣͻȻϮ
ҶɳһоӢҪǣڶ֮еޱĽλҲʵڲʵ޵úܣеͻȻϮֻÿ˶ջ˼龧Сջ
ҶЦģȴƱ仯˵ƽڲϵıãµĵ·ʱҲŤ졭
оǣһ·ϣҩɼ棬ڸ߼ֲȫһ
Ѱҩģ˵ҶЦҶҲмһˣ
ҶЦһ·߹ΨһĸоԼһʱضŤ쵱֮С
ǶأҶƺϰΪѰһ֮ȫٿΣܿ˵ڶײλã»ϡ
һ˶ʯ¡
ʯ֮ϣֻһʯףȻͨϲؼڡ
ֻһ֮ϵλãȴȫûŨ֮У֮ϣȫȻɼġ
ҶЦŽԼֱŨ֮Уֻ¶ĸ첲ȻɼŨֱȴֱӿˡ
ֱ۳ʱȴǰ˵Ѿʪˡ
ǵڡҶһҩɽĵ㣬ǾԵĽСУب򣬵ڸҸ߲ԣȻޱȣȴҲ޻ȥֽӳǰԵ棬ͼģѾ߼ޡ˼żԽ˾żޣҲв١ұԣвͻһغն֮أǡΪգҩܶȱڶ㣬ȫԵơ


284 
ҶЩ̾˿˵ǱǱֻԵȴҪȥԣľǳԲǽΪ㸶Ҳδܹҩ
֮һ֮ǾǱȵһҪŨܣҰҲ͸ޡҶתͷҶЦλֵܾ˵ȥ㡭֪ᵽЩǷʵ
ҶЦŵĵͷ⵹ǲ٣ճ̶ȣҪģҪ࡭ҵԱȵĻȥЩˣֻ²û̫࣬ͻת˰ɣȻǳֹȴ֪ˣϾԣǳֹ
Ҷ˿ȷʵˣϾίʵ̫ˡ
ҶҸ棬ֻҶԵ֪īߴڣֻҲǺܶ࣬ұϣ޿ɺǣϣֻ̫ԲʧҶЦʵ˵һ䡣
ͬʱĬ
Ȼʮ˿ʼ˴˻࿴˼ۣУԼԼ׹˸
ҶЦ仰˵úܼɣֻ˵úܵλ
īߴڣֻҲǺܶࡣ
仰ʵҶЦȻûĽȥĽȥһȥֹһΡȻȥȻὫеעȫеϣôĳīʣ¶أ
ҶЦжϣ϶ֹۣ
ǣڵ⽹㷴Ҫ⡮Ǻܶ࡯ϡ
Ǻܶ࡭
ɶ˼أ
һ㣬ǾгīĴڣȻһؼܶࡣ
ĻҸ£ԼæԼģȻջеĶеЩۺЩƣҲδػʲô⡣
Ͱˡ
ҶЦжϣīᡭͦٵġ
ͦٵĻҷ֣Ƕ˭Ҳ겻Ŀ񣻵ҪǽԷһҲأ
겻ɼȶĿ˵һȴһǾǵһһһҶ
ڶʮ˶Ŀ£ܹʵеĽԷʮȫ棿
ҪȫֻҪ˻ڣͲð죬һҪȫڣ
ҶЦĿͬ˸Ŀһ֮ʳ֮ǰҿˣϽֵģ
Ҷĵٺ١
ɽ
ҶЦӣֵˣҿܲܽȥص㡣
ȻѾ⣬һܹ棬ԼϾ൱һƨˡ
ҶЦٶ֮ǰ۾ƺ˼ʵȴڻ䣬ƺֶĳЩ仯
Щ仯Ծ仯ҶЦҲоЩϤ
˼ʣҶҵߣҵɽ˲ҶΪʲôһԼǵ򵼴·λá
ԭԶ׼һҶ򿪵ͨ·ôҶҷɿڵһʱȥ
λõĲ죬ҷ־Ӧٿ죬ҲעҪҶʮȫȥֵ֮ǣ
ǧֻôһСгīĻֻôһᣬѾ㹻λãϾ
īػҲԳ˳īߣһˮŽȥ˺ܴȴΣ˵Ŀֲ
ҪĻҽʮˣֱΪµĿ֣һܿϣȴһô̲ıߣ
ҶģıСˣҽʶ㣡ɽҧݺݵ
ҶЦ˼ʺܸɴؽһ˫ȫȥӵڶŨ֮Уһ߿ʵˣǵ˵ǰ˽ȥģôΪȴֽȥأò˵ͨ
Ҷĵ֮ǰȥЩ֣ȫײЩ겻֪ô£ɽϵƱ仯ԽԽƵܣԭ֮ЧķȫʧЧһˡ
ҶЦŶ
˵ˣ㵱ǽȥˣҲδǺ£Ͼ˵оżޣѡ˭ðս롭ȥҲҪĲǰҶԽ˵ԽԲ˵ǿضꡣ
ҶЦֻ죬Ȼû̫£
ģ
ֹǵľͿ԰ȵ飡
ţ޴ֻǲٵģһƷޣҲͲ൱ԪƷ֣̫ԳƵǾƷޣͻǵͬԪǿˡ
ھƷϵޣܹԪƷ֣
ھƷ֮ϣгƷޡ
ƷޣҶЦûʵֻжϳģ¸ѩԼǰЦͬһˮƽ


285 ޳
ĳƷֻһֻֻһͷͷԾӦ֮ռܣӦԵĵӦ֣ͺкѩһ㣡
ֻأȻһѩͬʱЦӦѩս־Ͳٻһ浹ٲһģʽƷҲͬ׻ɱ䵥ĳƷޣһȺĻ
֮ǰ̸ģ̽֮ʱһȺƷޣж֮̽ã䷨Ҳڵ顣
˵䷨ûнĲ㡣
ҩɽĿֲҲͿ֪ˣ
ֱӾĵǰޣ
ˣҶҩɽ֪ɽһм㾳ҶЦٵţɫʵ
ҩɽĽзЩܴɽ챦ɽҶɫ̹Ȼ˿ߴ٣֮ԻôΪݹഫɽʱ򣬵һпʯдĸ֣һ졣
ڶҲͬһʯдţڶ죬ڵ죬̽ȫȷǷҲƵʯƶϣʯӦǴڵġ
ÿһ㾳жֲҩһ꣬Ǳԣﱻ֮Ϊ챦ɽҲ֪浽м죬ϾûܹĽ涼һ飬ŵبԽûɵ顣
Ҷ̾˿ҶСҲšˣʵǿƫͣҸǹƣԽϣ޵ʵԽ̽δ֪һСĽ߲޷ųϵޡǻ治֪ˡ޳Եġ
ҶЦϼʱ鴤һ¡
˹޳ԣ
仰˵á˱Щವġ
⻰ֲڣֻǵ޾䷨飬֪ϲ޲Ǹֲļ
Ҳ֪ҶЦȻһ֣ڿռĶץ˳Ȼһ޲һԼ
˯Ǿ͸øɻˡȻҪôδ֪ޣһ顱ôû֮أ
ͳս֣˼ʾдó
ĽͷҶЦôԼĳɱ
һ±ͻأԼǰҶҲûпλүץʲôֻоһѩë׵±λү˳ּȫûѹͲ֪Ǹʲôˡ
ΨһȷҲҶСͻǺƽְ·ղų˶һ㣡
ʲô
ʱһŨĴһҶЦֱ۵ķ˳ɲǼѽȫûֲָΧ֮С
쿪ˣ
Ҷ˷ܵشһ
ȻѾܾûܹ죬ڿػֵ״ҶɽȻǺϤ״ʱжϳ
ҶЦɫĽ˻û˿߬һöɫԲ
ķʽ˵˺ܼ򵥣Ũ棬һСڣֻҪȥҵԲšһȦͿˡ
ҶЦôõԭڡû
ʼûнżʶץȴⷢԲԶصԼ
˳һšͨôˡ
̣ҶЦԼҲĪԭ˵аսʮʮڴţ
ҪĿĲǻܾʲô
ȴµͷײ˴ˡ
ѵ챦ɽԼ񹦾Ȼйϵģ
ĿŨ֮УһŻ򿪣ѩ״ʲãһ˽ȥҶЦҲһ˽ȥ
ҶҵʮۼŻʱ롰ˢһȫվ棬ŶǸʵվڲһ
ʱ˺ŭһ־鷢䡣
ʵԣôǶġ
ľ֮ڣվǰҲʲôԷ˭
ŵŻһ޺Զ¡
ѩʱɫһ䣬ϡһν֡
ѩʲôˣȻҶЦǰľһ㣬λǿʵʵǿߣʶǺ޻ٵģԶ޺ɴڣܹ޺ޣǷƷڴˣǵҲգһһѩη壬úѩе־ǣ˶ľֹһͷޣҲͷҲǡһȺ
֪״ѩβ


286 ˱
ҶҲɫұ䣬ȻûкѩļʶʼǳҩɽķÿͣǵʶȻȷϮ޵Ʒֻƣȴȥһ޾Բ٣ҲҪ԰ټƣ
ңǵľ飬һϮ޾ȫǸ߽ޣÿһͷƷףϡ
ǿʵȺڽʮԪ߿ԶԸ˵ġ
ѩϸ֮£аãΪӴײУܹо֮Увӵа˾żϵʵȻʱȷжͷǺѩҲûаտӦ
λԿˣм˻λڶ֮ͨУ״һಡһ˳ȥ
ѾȴѾ˲ȥΪţĹرˡ
ҶҼصУһرգҪһʱ֮󣬲Ż¿ŨҶнţѾð˺
׼սսĪ⣬ǧСġ
ϡ
һıг
Ҷҵһ˵ѾѸΧһսҷΪΣһԭҲʮˣĸ˾ſڽϽһоƣ֪Ʋ˻ȥ
Ȼǵѡܱ֮޿ɺǣսĺˣȻֻˡ
ÿ˶ɫ࣡
࣡ڣɽŭ
гз߿֮⣬òƸǾֺͺڣƺǺܷǳʱֵİûڣԼղΪɶô롭ڣȥȥˡ
ǱߵԽԽƽһɺȻȴǺѩԼǱ޵ĺעб֮УƱǣνӿԼҪ֣һϮޡ
Ȼʱ򡭡
أһϸ۵СèĽȻ
һʵͻأ˼ʴ˶ǾţȴһеһĪ⣺ףôյĵؽȻèڣ
ĳèھʹڰɣȻڴ˾棬д֮ʲôУ֪ľսľ̻̲ô
ҲУǾСɤʲôã
Żô
ǣϵǣһܵè֮󣬶ǿǵصͻȻֹͣˣֻ˵Ķסˡ
ͺ߿Ϊĳ⣬ֹס˽Ų
漴
Ũ֮Уһ𣺡໡أ
ĶνԵ֮˰֮磬һХ֮£ռŨ֮𵴷
ҶĵһٸһѪӿ̲סһ¡
ɵһкȻʲôޣֻһХ֮ҵôԪƷĸ־ȻҪճܲס
˹һ֮ȻûһХȻͣ죬ʵ֮Уȴһϸ΢Ĳ
ƺ񾪵Сѯʲô
һ־ԲŵĻ̿֡
λ߶Ծλ߳ϻ̳Ͽֵѯ
Miaһϸè
ۡ
¡¡
ƺмֻ޾ʹվȵˤڵأʧĽʹһƬٹƬ̣ͻȻֿʼۡ
ֻǣӵȴתͷƴ˳ȥ
·ԭԵķ򣬴ʲôɿܣ޷ƥеΣٲӾֻʣ·һˣ
ڶ޾ۼһֳգǷݰԵƣ˲ʱȻ޴棬ࡣ
Ψһµģ־Ũ棬ͻȻٵ֮
òƣвʵ̫£ˡˡ
νֹȣʺǣ
ȻȺʹȥˣȥƾ٣ֱǱ֮ǰƣȻһ޶٣ȫȫȫȫҪϽ뿪
ǰ󲻹˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾȫȻû˶š
һͻԼͻĽ򣬴ϲʵ̫ˣҶҵʮҵһʱ価Ȼȫ֪Ƿʲô顣
ֻǣΨζ֮ԼԼԲµóһ㣺⡭ѵһȺޣǳȺӵĸϹ˸
Ȼˣ
ҪȻΪɶôء
ܵô죬ʵǱӳѬܵģ
ԵúεȻĵأ
ҶĵԾεĳȣ˼Ҳɶͷԣƴͷֵ˵⡭ô£
⣬ûܹش𣬴Ҷǵ۾һĬ
ѩҲ⣬ȻѩղҲèУ֪ĴڣҲ֪ͬèǵ׻һֻèôҲ޷֮뵱ǰıϵȻҲһͷˮ
ΣѳһǸϽȥɣɵվ޼°ɡҶЦ˵㣬ֻ¹úܣǵǰҰ壬ǻǷͷжȥѰҩɡǾ㿴࣬ҲӦбҩķīĶֶΰɡ


287 ٻ
ȻҶĽеҶˣȫ߼ϣ
һţҶ¡ţҶˮѡĺţҶԵ
Ҷ˲Ϳʼһ
õĶΣԲȦʽ˾вӦֱ·һ·Ѱһ¼Ǻţζһʱ֮ڣռҩһҪ˴ϣΥ
ã
ҶˡˢһȥŨһƬ𵴡
ҶСֵܣҵͬͬԴһɣҶŨ֮ʵ
л⣬һ¡˶йˣ˶˷Щϰߣ˵ҲǵĹƣڼ㡣ҶЦ˵
Ҷһء
תȥ
˵ʵ溦ҶЦ˳Ӧ˼ҶߵӪô˲ٹͿ϶ͻΪ˶ת
Ұ˲ѣֻӶӡ
ҶЦһѡ񲻼룬͵ǰƲġ
Ҷһ˵һȻˣɽҲѭһҶЦһһ£ͬҶЦؾ
ɶһʱ֮Ｏϡ
Ҿʹ˷ֵ
ϴô죿ĺаţҹȫۼ˫ۣҲΪޡҲʲôɣѩŨ֮ʵ
ǰߡҶЦش
˵صֹаţҶЦ֮ǰ۷ţǺųƿһۣǰŨȫȻЧҪ֪ҶЦΪȻǵյĺ׻ƶ͸һڣȻȫȻãʵ̫̫̫аˣ
Դ񹦵ĳţòˬ˼ȴʧЧҶЦ𺧣ھ޴ʧ֮࣬ҶЦȴַϣΪ۵ͬʱҲת񹦣Ȼ޿κΣ񹦲˸ӦƺоǰʲôǿҵԼ
ϴ㲻ҩôѩͷоҶЦľٶЩ˼顣
ʲôҩʲôҩֵңҶЦĴ㻹ԼľˣǵĿҩõŵô
ѩӣռŨ֮޴ڵҩ㣬̲סҡҡͷЩꡣ
ϴҩĵطȻҩġ
ôҩֱ̫ˣȥռһ㰡
ҪɣѩȻǵԪƷ֣򶥼ǿߣûܣǳúܣ˼ȻҰ壬ƾҩ㺮ѩѾжϳҩƷײףݸӿɹۣҪǿԵĻһĳ˵ֻܴ˵뷨
ϢģĳҶЦгӯ˦βͣŵǰߡ
Ҳ谭ߣ޶á
ܹĻѩ϶ֲָ֣ᷢĹطչҡͷβ۵ĶΣķ
ֱͺһλѲԼء
ˢˢˢ
֮ݴУУҩУССǿ̫žһ׷׻ŻŵļӴܡ
ҶЦ˿ҵڶ󣬽ȴͬӯ
ΨһŲڶϣֻƺԶҲСèֱӲȱˡ
ѩͷһҶЦΪտ˼äԿƾλҶЦ˿ۣȴȫ֪ҪȥʲôżһôһɤӣףҲȵʲôҿôͲȵһΣôݿ϶Сˡ
ף⡭Բ۾Ȼһī֥мĻˡ
ףֲȵˡ໬ʲôҩɶšԲۣ˭ôûйģһ̯㡭ճˡ
סǲȵʲôˡһǲˡ
ҶЦͷǰߣﲻס̾
˭õԣ־һļһȻǴ˵еλʣѩ°ıѩͺѩ
˭ҪܲµóԵ
ﻹд˵ж˼Ʒζ
ֱǡֱˡ
ôһ·ֱУ߳ãȻĿԾһƬããȻʧȥ򡣷ǶԭתһᣬͻȻŶ쳤˲ӡ
ء
ϸֹ߰סˣ˹һצ룬ڵȴӦ
Ƭ֮ԶȻһХ
ء
漴һӲ֪ԶĵطƺһȻﺷȻһһ߷ٸϹ
Բۣѩϡһֽող뽣ʵĳ˳˸һֻһͷҿӦϴԼСģҪȫӦսԹȫˡ
תͷŨ֮עźѩУƺһ̯


288 ·
ѩȻ˼ʵ񣬵ȻܹظоŨ֮УԼµķλһŨŨı֮⡣
͵ͺһ˼ȴ˵ѩǶûߣ˻Ҫȫ󣿶ǵôٻСܣĵУȻ˸ޣ
ϴèɶأǲ˵һأѩʵ
ĳָоУ߷߲ƽʵ
ҶЦסЦˣҪ㻻֣ӴԺкѩжҿеΣ㿴ëѩ˪ʤѩ׹˼ͷָ㣬Ҳ赺ϣãǡֲǡ
ݣѩӶˡ
Ѿģè۸ˣҲ۸ˣϴ˲𰡣
Ȼϴȷʵ˲𣬿Ҳô۸˰
˵ʱʱ죬һȷɷϢϮһͷȻȻȻ߲壬ߵʲô֣ȻҲܸоԼǰͬ˳һΰɽ
Ȼɱɽ
ĸо
ҶЦǲΪ⣬Űӣ֮صĵȴȻô¡
ϸϸ۵ףѾѾ
棬ǲ֪ޣŻءءѽ
գգ
ޣס

໡
䡭
໸ء
˴̸ϣӴӻˣһߺһʾ໣
Mia
ಣ
һȷ磬ˢˢˢ
ǿԿ쵽ݵٶȣ˲ʱʧӰ١ܹĻܿһͷ񿥵ģҲǧĴϻʪģ϶ǵεδĺˮ
ǿɲ۳ģǡųġ
ģүˣ
ѩɴ۾Ȼ֤һУȴԴСèĶԻ˸ɶͷԣǡڸľ޽
ҶЦڽ
ѩʱΪ棺˵ʲôݣϴ֪ô
ҶЦҲûʲô־Ƕ·ҪҰ룿
ѩӸȤԭϴ㻹èϽ˵˵
ҶЦǺһ֣ˣүҪʸ·
ѩһ㶣ɶϴ˵ɶ˭˵أ
ҶЦ۾һɣȵʲô˵ʲôڷĻ˵ĵһ仰ǡˣүҪʸ·ûףϹĥʲôأ
ѩԼʱһ򣬼ûˤڵأб˵ţ֪ˣððǵڶأ
ҶЦЦе˵ڶ䣿ˣҴͷ㷭һɣʵţˣڶʵǣ·ôߣ޻شȥ·˵ȥĲ·޻ش𡮾ǰ棬ո䣬һζŵζҹգ͵ˡʣԶ˵һ㣡޻ش𣺡治Զֵ쵰ô߸һﻹԶ𣿡޺ܲĻش𣺡Ҵˣ˵Ķԣ˵Ŀ϶ԡ
ҶЦ˵ѩѾӲǱ۾۾ˣҧ˵֮أ
Ȼ˵ˡ޻ش𣺡̫ˡȻ޾͸ǣʾʵϴ߲˵Ͻүģȿѩ̫ˡ޺ܿĵ˵ҿҲǺѩȻֻҪϴһкҾͰǸѩһ㡣˵ٶңһѩѾѱ࣬ٶһ㣬̿ôϽʧǸ޾ôˣϲصˡ
ҶЦ˵ϣͷ̾ˣ㻹ʲôҪʵ𣿻ﲻô
ѩһſ࣬ҧгݵ˵ûˣȫˣû뵽ϴ㲻ܶèȻö޻ҽʶԭϴȻѾһĸ߼ڡ
ҶЦЦ˵һסĿ佱ģεļס֪޲ԣĴ̼ܴǿңɡ
ѩɫһ壬İ̾Ϣ
ӣĵûˡ
ϴ˵ı£ԽԽˡ
޶źɤӣȻһ˹¡
˲Ű
ǰûϴⷽĲŻʿյĿ̫ˣ
ȴ֪ȻղҶЦķ벻ôȴǰ仰Ҳûѣûнκεӹɷ֡
ǡоô˵ġ
жͷϻҲôشģȫ޻١
˷򣬲һ·˳ȥ


289 ȣ
ҶЦͺѩں棻ĿȫȻķΧв֪߳˶Զ֮Ũ˲ڰʱ·̣Ȼŵһζ
˸֮󣬶ͣˡ
ҶЦ޷㽫һ죻ܹɵһҶЦУһȴҶЦԤ룬ʱŷ֣Ǵһʯ֮Լϵģ֮ƽضһ߶ȲȻв졣
ʯ棬Ȼһš
ŻȴΪֹΨһڵ£Ҳۿɼ£
Ҷȫ֮ȴŷǽľȴܸоֻٷţҲõġ
ҶЦǰվȫ
ŨʱһٷڣԪ仯ƺߵһ࣬һת
ҶЦǰصĦһᣬ⣬ͬҵһܹȥĶڡ
ҶЦɵģ֣˽ȥ
ѽ룬ֻоǱƺʲôӵȻԼӭǡǾȻһֻȲļио
ҶЦֻһƬ󣬳ȻһԲ֡
šһ£оȴΡȻɽ˿ָĳššꡱһػ
Բת˰ȦšһͻȻƾʧˡ
һèͬʱоǰһ
ҩɽֵãÿһĲöǰһȻ෴ģһŨ޷ڶȴܹؿ£ŨʲôȥĲֱܹһӦ¡
ĲлΧҪȵڶƯ
⣬ռռҲҪȵڶҪ˺ü
ҶЦ˼⣺ҹȻûв´ԽߣռԽ
ֻӣĲֻǴûܹ̤쾳
ȴ֪Ƿգܲѹסأ
Ȼųƻһ飬ǰǰĵĲȴһȫȻδ֪򣬴ڵĶǰһô
ȻͷǧƽȣȻڿŵһ̣ҶЦһ̤룬˿ɣ
µͷɲѾ˵أǧ񼣬Ҫֱǰ
ѩۼҶЦĲ㣬ͬĺԥŽȥ
˶ѾſڲԶλãһѾϺɫĹӣԼѳ졣
ϸȴɫ貹âڻתƾ࣬ɶ֤һȻƷΪرҩ
ǲʺѩǵԪǿߣҲԲףĿתĿһѿڶϴοҪŸտţȻ챦ǰ
ҶЦȴԳŵңʺ˵ȱ˵̫硭棬ƺĳΣȻǰδؿ׵֣
ΧʺȦ֣ƣһԶ㣬֪ô·ӡ֤ҶЦ˵һ㣬ϸӵĺѩһ֡ߣʵԶġо
ϣ
ҶЦһԵȡ
ô鷳ɣ˴ֻ룬ȻΣҵṦֻҪ׼˲ʱͿأġѩЩɴδȻһԡ
һ̾һۡһ
һεԼ䲻ݷ֮Ȼ𣬺ѩȥ漲ײ棬ײýһʵ޻٣ѩ˱ֱӵ˻ˤ˸Ľų죬ޱȡ
֮ǰһ𣬼֣ʹ˺ճ֡
ȣ
˸֣һֽһֵĻ֣Ȼһ١
ȣѩĿ˸֣ʲô˼תͷҶЦǲǿΪʲôȣһֱھλЦĵ
ҶЦȻüһӺߵ˵ѩһ𣿡
ѩȻ֣ϴû°ɣôôĿǸ˵أʲô⾡ʣֵܵһ֪޲޲ʣ
㿴ҩɽжͷˣҶЦʵ
ͷòûܹ˵˵ģѩͷҲûܹ˵׼ȷҾܻشаô
ҶЦɫѿ̫аˣѾشҪĴˣҲ˵ˣɽҲмĴʱˣô仰ôдҵأ㵽׳ӣҾֻذܸɽʹ𣿡
ѩһĵҲԶԣ˾첻ãأǿʶ棬˵ɡ


290 ͳȥ
磬Ұ˵вҸв˿ǻɣҶЦ쳤̾ҽǿˣСӳװƵɶҲᣬյĸȱ۵һ˼ĴºţǰϹôĴºţ̣ôõĴʡ
ѩһߣȴԷһʱ
ʱǰ˸棬Ķѻһƽ̨Ȼȫƾʵʡ
ƽ̨λãȴһԶ׼ӡ
񹦣ӡϣŶţ
ʮ֣һ֮ǰһθ֡
˵ѩǺһЦһ̤ȥϴ
ѩԣҪռôΨʲô顢ֻΪβ֮壬ҶЦС壬΢ǿһķֻ¾Ҫܲ
ԼͷǺòõ˵Լܱϴˤˣȴһġ
֮Լһʵаһġ
ҶЦ𻰣ѩǱѱѩܲ磬һֻƣƽ̨ϵӡ佫ȥ
ϸ˵ѩƣӡִЩⲢѩƷ棺ŶǾŸɳɡ
ѩʱʼ߶ԼԪѭ
һ̣ӿϢ
ǡ
Բۡ
ѩ跢һ
ƽ̨ҫ۴ĿϹ⣬ӳأ޷ԵҶЦֻоäʱҲ޷ѩһ𺧵˼ľУҲûκ
ϹһŤƺǳʲôı仯
ҶЦٶ۾ʱȴȻ֡
ѩˣ
ѩȻˣ
ʲô
ҶЦ´󾪣æĴѰңҶЦԣƽ̨£죬ȴǱȲԼֵܵİΣҪ
֪ƽ̨ǲǶϤҶЦ⣬ټ뵼ƶ˲ʱֳֳ֡
Ŀ飬𣡡
ҶЦһסˡ
仰˼Զ׼ѩȴǿȥԣˣ
ҲãҲգҶЦóһϢѩֻǱ𣬷֮˵ҲûΣյ˼
ǾǺϢֻҪݾͺã
˵ȥʲôط
ǺҪٶڴʱ˿̲Ҫ
оǡҶЦĵȻһ𾪵ͷǾǡƽ̨ѵȻʶڲٿأ
˵߱ԼʶӦܹĳЩ
ҪȻν͵ǰ
һתۣҶЦתҪȥ鿴ѩǲǱ棬һתȻ֣ԼողŴ򿪵ġŻȻڲ֪ʲôʱ¹رˣ
֮ҶЦһˣ˵棡
ҶЦ״˰Σһ૵Ҷĵ˵ŻһرգҪһʱ֮ٶȿȴ֪˵Ƿ죬ˣһʱʱ䣬ҾһѣԼˣһġҾǲġλ
ԶˣҶЦԲ˿ĬˣΪӵ֮Уӿȵıڶ˲Ѿھ֮һ졣
ҶЦ֡
ϣǺµ֧ƣһƺһ龧Ө
ȻԼƣǳƽ̨ϵǸɫӡȥ

档
Ҷ˫ռһߡ
Ҷ쳽ɫɪ˫֣˼ҲЩ˼
һ̽챦ɽ㣬˵νǹϵԼǰ;ش顣
˶ţԼӵܹӱȡúջ񡭡
ȽڴķΧУܵȤûˣֻǾĵȺš
ֵĵ
ͻȻ
Ӱɽϳ֣ͷɥ
ĸˡ
ȫҵˣ
ͬһʱ䶼עת˹ȥ
Ҷ쳽״üͷһ壬һӾüë
ô£ĸôͳˣѵб䣿վüʵ
ĸ˿ɥҲбɣȷǸ˴ˡ߲Ÿոһ򿪣ͻȻ䱬޳
޳ô᣿Ҷ쳽ͬʱʵ
ǣ޳˶ޣˮһ㳬ڴ˹Ʒ͵ĶƷϣл˾żϵĶޣĪ˵ǣеԪǿҲѵ£ɫɷףĸ󣬼²ã˳ҪȻ
ǣأʵ
¡£ǡ׶༪ˡ
Ҷ쳽һҲƺһ
ͬʱһͷôܣѵʹô
һ࣬һµ˵ҶߵǸµļһأ
ʵǺѩ


291 ȣ
ʱ˿̣Ŀ˸߸ϣصȻƣĸоܽҩɽȫһ㡣
ƥ޶Եѹ֮£˸ûκεķӦʱ䣬ʶѿڶûзʲô쳣Ϊ̫ͻȻӦ
һְ֮صȥϢ
ƥҲһգ޵ڳˣȻѹʱʵ̫̣ΪߣҲҶ쳽ĵԪƷδʵʵΣ
ûвԼʵΣû壬ҲҪ
ԣѾʳԼ֪Ĵ𰸣ĲҪ
Ӧ
ΪԪƷߵĺѩӦüӦ
˽⵽׵Ĳˡ
ǰԶ׼ĸ˿϶ΪʣȻĪ࿴ŵֱ·ˡ
ԺѩҶЦĹҪĳΣգǺѩԼΪӦ˵ΣգԾǶ˵ʱҶЦߣ
ȻѩûˣǾ˵ܿط֮ڣҪ
ûпܳĸԪƷ˳˶ѩҶЦȴ˲
ԣܷġ
ȻԵ
ҵ˺Ҷҵȴ޷ġ
Ͼأķҡ
Ҷ˿ɲ֪ͬѩʲôˣʲôʵǶԣ˾żǾǲɿܵĳڣһһȺԸһеֹ׶༪٣ֱǾһʮ
ȫʧˣôáȻҴм˽ۺҲǲС
ڳΪߵҶ쳽ʶһȻҲûоղŵѹȴܾøղŷʲô飬ʵڿԷӣĵ׾԰˿˵ྲ԰ܹ꣬ŻԵδؾǱ棬ɣ
ǱҲͬľ
˵ұߵĳߣǱȽܹסˣΣңס棡
ֹ˰ʱҩɽǱȴʼûκζ
ڣɽ˽ȥʱ䣬ѾӶˡ
εʱ򣬱ȻдһС
̧ͷʱֻڲǧɵĸ߿֮УһӰ㵸佫˻ûзӦʱǱѾˡ
һӶݣƶٶȣȻݡһ죬תۼ䣬Ѿȥɸ߿գһ̣ѾƶǵӰ¡
һᾢǵɰӰ佫
ֻٶȴԵüΪ£Ȼ
Ҷ쳽״һǱԼļӣֲ֪Ķһ£Ȼм뱻Լ
Ů˾ʵƾһӶơٶȡҲĳֵļɣ
룬Ҷ쳽ʣԼģ
֮Ů˾Լ˵ĳ֡
عƣŮҲӵеԪƷϵʵ
һʱ䣬һ˱˲ʱһ亹͸¡
ղҿûжŮ˵ʲôòĻҪȻ
´˵ѾѪɺ˰ɣ
Ů˵ǰչֳʵɱûѶȡţֹɱûѶȣҶҼңҲûɶѶȰɣ
Ҳ˶עעʵϣԾɰѹעȾ۽ǸƾİӰϣϸ֮¡
˺Ȼ֣ǵİӰȻǡ󲿶һ챦ɽġǸˡ
ǣôɴأҲ̫ã̫棬̫˼飬̫˼˰ɣ
˰˼֮ʣѾźѩص˵ϣžžѺ޻ٵشȻԹȥĺѩϡ
ѩȻϮǽһҡͷԣȴЩԺ۾أһ㯡
״üͷһ壬һ죬ƾնһλı飬顱һںѩͷѿı飬˲Ӻѩ컬ȫ
ѩʱһ飬ͻȻ͵е㡭ʲô
Ѿվǰɭ䣺ô˾͸Ͻ˵ôһ£ôϵˣ
ѩ㯣šôô⡭԰ôˡ
һŭһһűѩ˺ѩϣûôǾ͸Һúõѣ
һѩѩڳߵһߣϸ˵ԼҶЦ
źѩ˵ɫԽԽ
ȣ
ɫ䡣


292 ĸ
Ȼֱ˿̲˸ղ޳ճ̶ȣݾǿ˹ǵͻƾѩһ˾δܻҶЦȫ֪Լ͸ҲһȥҶЦʲôʱôһֻè裬Ȼ˹磿
Ҫ֪ĳߵΧԼҪ˱ᣬֻè边ȻԺޣ˵ã
ڡҶЦǱ߹ȻδΣգȴҲδûΣգҩɽĲ㣬ֻµû˽ȥҸݺѩȣһ䣬ǰص㣬ҶЦǷλ򡱵ľҲãҩɽȻþء
ҶЦĿǰڵĵĲ㣬Ѿû˴֮ϾȻأĲ纮ѩ˵ûΣգ¼أܶûΣô
ҲףԼεżҲû壬ԼҲȥҲδиãԼļ޲㣬ûҶЦèԼ޷ͻ޳ȥĲ㣬أԼԣͬǸ߲ʣңɼ
ԣԼνǣȻֻڴ˾

һߣҶЦ֣Ǵɫӡϡ
Բ֪һԣҶЦȻ֣ӡԼƴСȻȫǺϣһĴСԼƷȥȻȫȻ˿Ϸ죬赺ϡ
һ֮࣬־ƽ̨ϴһǿҵ
ҶЦֻоԼڵ񹦣ԴԴƽ̨йעȥҶЦȻŶ仰æתоת
һɫĹâƽ̨ϺȻҶЦƣʱ磬ƽ̨ӡ֮䣬γʵʵ£ӡ
ҶЦһٳһ
Ϊӡ֮ϵƣԼƣȻȫǺϣ
ٷְһģһ
ÿָͷϵĶһģûκεĲ֮ͬ
ˣҶЦоһëȻ
Ҫִ֪СǺϣγ棬ͬǾȫͬһˣ
ҶЦ֪ÿ˵ƶǲͬģӹ񣬴ûгֹȫͬƣ
ȴһӡ
⡭Լӡ
ô£
ҶЦ˼ת֮ʣͻȻղźѩ˵Ǿ仰ȣǲǿΪλЦ
ҶЦֻ۾עֻɫӡ̲סһ
ѵȻǣ
ǣıȺѩˣԼƣҲҶЦģɲǡЦеӡòǶԲϡɣ

ҶЦ֮ʣͻɫȻںϡƽ̨ڵ͵ؽҶЦƣҶЦ֮еҲͬʱԴԴƽ̨
һƾն֡
쳣ҶЦƵʱƽ̨Ӵ״̬
ҶЦһ뿪ɫƽ̨ʱɢңѸٻһǸҶЦоãȻӡҲ֮ʧ
ƽ̨γһɷԲϸɫնȥ
ҶЦһʼƽӴӡԪʱݣǴ˼ȴֻоԼƺ͸֧һ㣬죬Ӷȶҡһ£˵ƣҪڵϣڴڴϢźá
ҶЦվһŬ˹ָ״̬
ҶЦǱĵϢָУԭһƽ̨ĵطȴĿʼðŨһһֵڿнγɡ
ֻǴӿͷļ֣ҶЦܸоóԼ𶯣ǰδеľ޴
ĸˣ׼𣿡
ǵһ仰
ҶЦüͷ⼸֣һӾˣȫ֪仰ʲô˼
ϵ˼ܵǵǰΧܺ⣬ڽĳ£ĳĳǰһûɣڶˡ˶ûɣԼŽ֣Ȼǵĸˣȫ߼С׼ƣǰ߼ȻѾʧܣôһҲӦ֮⣡
ϵǰĻΧȴȫȫһ£
˵ǹ״
׿ԼʲôʱΪ˵ĸˣĸʲôˣԭⲻᡣ
ֻ˵ǸԼСһ£ƶȫͬӡѾԽ͵״
ѵ˵֮ǰȻˣӵԼȫСһͬƣ
ǳ֪飡
Уԭ⣬ԼΪѾΪ˼ȶʵôԼҪʲôأȻǰѾʧܣôǸֻ˵⣬϶ѽԼǷأ
ҶЦ죬ǰʹһ̣ĵҲûһ֣Ǵ˼ʣһɿǰδеĿ־оͷ
ȴδ֪ıܿ־壬仹֪־ʵڣԼܴû㹻Ӧ飬η֮ģΪ棬಻Ϊ֣
ȣŴαǨڵȵ㡣ּһһеĳ֣һгһ򽥴𣻼ּʱ򣬵һеһȻΪޡڶеһֿʼ黯


293 
һãǶĸǶ༫޵ֻ֮Ҫ˽죬ֻҪӡǺϣ˾ͻߣȻҲἴʱ뿪磬ȴĳ֡
ӵһεڣѾǾĵھŸ硣
Ϊҵ㣬˵ΪҵôһˣѾ˺þá
ʣڸ𡣡
ּ֣ʧɣ£ҶЦʶһָоƺԼǰһˣ˲ĸԼһЩ顣
ƽֱȴԵõȻƽ͡ûκεļ꣬Ҳûκεϲŭ
ЩίʵԼиֵ⣬ң⼸仰ҲԽȵ
Ѿ˾ŴαǨҲ˵ǰѾа˸ʧܣôΪʲôǵĸˣ
ôȵʼٸ˭˭ôı£ҶЦ
ڿ϶ں˭ּųֵģȻڽҶЦͷʣѾܾûἰˣ˳ΪҲƺҡ
ҶЦĺȻˣݱ鲼
ˣԶڼǧǰµƽ̨ЩּȴǾԼǰȫ˽Լе뷨ܹ²뷨ֵĹ̹켣
Ǻεȵǻأ
˼Էǻ۲ΣҶЦһֻ䡢ĸоƺԼܣڶԷǰȫΣԷͲǰ
Է˵ԼǰĻôܽԼϤʲôزأ
ϣô˴ڣ
ң⻹Ǽǧ֮ǰˡ
ҶЦֱӸоЩˣѾȥˡ
ڰ̫ܾʱЩԶ˾˵ĶϤԣԶʵϲǣҲڸߵָ߶ȡ
ּһ֣Ϊ˵۵һʱ䣬ʲô˲Ĵ£ô˵Щ⣻һʽǣǿԴڵʱֱ۵һ֮ǰ磬ҲԽһǰ۵ڡ
ҶЦǳ鴤һ£
磬Ϭ㻹粻أ㲻ͣҶԼе֪룬ôһͣ͵ôߴϣ͵ȫҵ֪룬Ҷ־壬ηȷ㲻ĸߴϣ
Ȼܸӵɽƣ֪ƣֻ۽Ĳ죬νʱ۵äҲֻΪռʱΣǰûгͨǿߣһǰλǰĳǿߣôеʱͿռ켣άֺ㶨λ׼ǿ֮⣬ǾƲܶκƵָֻš
һ仰ǡʱռ磬̫Ҫǿ;ĿǰӦϡݶĵĸˣĸΪ׼ǿߡ
ҪɣĿռ䣬Ҳͬ˴ڣʼջǿ˭ȵһˡԸȵܰһ˵ʱѹһͣ

ҶЦ䡣
Ѿܹ׵ǰ׷ʲô顣
ŪףҲܲµó
Էȷȷʵʵںܾ֮ǰ͸ôһңԷҲȷǾԶ֮ǰµⷬ
һȻϡϡ˵𺧵ȴڣⷬȻܹһԼеʣ֮ԷǸʱͲµԼ뵽ʣȫǺϡ
˵κһ棬û©
ڣԼԭû뵽ʣԷҲѾ˽
˵ǻֱۣѾһ붼ëȻĵز
ʲôǻ纣Ǽͨ죬ȫϣҲݴ˵ͷԡ
ߣǡ֣ſԴԷϴ˵ǻۣ
Թȸһȡһһ֣Ǻ׽дţһչԼǰ
ķΧҶЦһֺС˵ůоָоһȴ˲ʱҶЦһָ˵Ŀ־С
û͸еˣѾ׺Ҳ̫ǿˡ
϶ĳè壡
Сòͷôƺʲôط˵һأ
˵أ϶˵ģǲǵþʲôʱʲôط
ֻǴ˼ҶЦϾ䣬Щּǲ˵ģһ©һְ䣬ҲǴ©شϢרĹϢɣ
ȵĳ֣˵ֻһ⣻Ǽֵܺϴһս֮࣬һˣй¶һЩ֮󣬵һλصʱִⷢ˵ؾѾ޳ɣ˵ؼȻ򣬾ڵ塣


294 鿪ʼ
ǸʱҲΪһЩԭѡɽΪһصıִڡ
ٴι£һֵܶͬٵĵزıҲû壬Ҳмߵ壬û壬ǹעˣǺģ⼦Ϊ˵ĸǲ
ȫæиԵ飬Ȼûʱ죬ԾֻǽԸıһ¹죬ôˣֻҪȷش˹ȵɽͲǲʱգԳɸ֡
ҶЦһ¡
ҿҲҶһ㣬ݳһ㣬ΪöҩɽڶԷУϷ֮ǣֻǼߣû壿
ˡй¶Щ֮
ʲô⣿ܸߴô
æûʱ죬Ըıһ¹γˣ
զ˵㴵ͳأ

һڵ£ֶһЩȽϳҩݣʲôóԣһֱǶ˿ŵģֻҪʵӵĲſʼĿ顣
ȻĲνҲֻһֻ֤ҪͨˣĲġ滹㣬ΣҪĸ컯ˡ
ܹ㣬Ż֪Ҹµʲô˶û壬仰ʵ飡
ȣǾѽ
λ˵һʡԺţȻôˡ
һ˲ʱžȫʧˡ
ʧͻأʧüʧøɸɾ
ʧίʵɾΪɫʧ֮࣬Ĳռ䣬ʹ˳չҶЦǰ
ǳ棬
ΪҶЦۿȥĿһ˲˹ȥ

㣬Ҷ˺οɶǴջ񣬶ңǸе˺ǡ
ôޣлвǾƷϳ͡޵ģ֪ΪʲôЩȴǡ
ֻǺܵΧڲժҩֻ޶ԣֱֻӰڰβ͵ͷˡ
ԼһʱʱԼǴﲻŪһЩҩǹһʱűԶ˶׳ĵ޿ʵһٳֱأֻΪ̰ĲԵʣܳȥȴȥ޸ʬ޴棬ǲ̫ԩô
ǣһʱʱʵ̫ˡ
ôõĻᣬҩǰȴû㹻ʱȡֱǱ磡
ԴҶץʱ䣬һпֶܵΣȡԼܹõҩ
ڵǣҩ࣬ʱޡ
ǰ֮£˶ڵҶңȶԷһ֣ȻǴռˣռ˸ĵΣҵ˶Դȫĸŭԡ
ڵƺԡ
Ҷҵ˷ĵǲ⣬ֻҪôҶ˾ܶ˵ʱ֣
ȫ
˵ȻԷĽڣһȻҩڶ࣬īԾֻüһЩȫҶ˵Ŀڴ
ˣҶ˿˵ԾǳŨŨĶ⡣
ۿһʱʱ޾ҪˡҲʼſڵķۼ
Ҷı˫֣ʩʩȻ˳һֱߵɽǰԾӸµ̬˵ɽҸղſпǲɵ˺üīʶһҲΪǽɵīֳʮ꣬ǲ˺һȥ㿴Σ
ɽһѪʹ罫۾ʮꣿҶôȥأǰռеϼѵضΣһҲɵʮһīѣһҪʮꣿôĥģĴΣ
Ҷֱһ֣Ȼʮһô̫ࣿˣȫǵ£ﶯ֣
Ҷһӵϣ֮Ρ
ţɽʱ˵
ţֻǲ˺ǰɣҶ΢Ц¶ѩ׵ݣЦǽһĿ־
棬ɽɥɽѹ

ȴһδͷϿȥڡ
ɽͱ˶˵ɽϣһе֮УͻȻʮӰ
˳ˣȫˣ˻
һͽȥʮˣ֮ǰͬѩڣ˳һгôˣһδۣջδغܶ࣬ƽǺ£
ҶҶ쳽ЦȥʮˣһҲû𡣹תͷ棬Ц˵ҲȥʮˣҲʮˣͬһҲû١
漸һѪҶ쳽ϡ
ȷʵһ𣬺δ˵˳ڵ㷢ʲô飬ǻ
Ҳȷȥʮͳʮĸǰģ


295 Ҷض
ҿǱȶԷôֵ£ùģ
Ҷ¾Ȼ֣ܲǾֻһܣɽˣó˾󲿷ֵ桭
ԣһνȥģɾҶң
Ҿ㲻ǿգջҲԶ಻ȥ
ĸݺݵĿ֮ǰĸˣһ
ĸȻҲ׸ԭίɫɷס
˵ȫˡòҲҪǿöడ
Ϊһҷӿ϶ҪԼ˵ϡ
ҶҵһЦ˸߲ҵ˳
෴ҵ˶ɥɫѿ֮
ףȫˣҶСأҶ쳽üͷڷ˲ԾЦ˲ʱڴߣλҶСأ
仰һ˶ˣ
԰ôֻǣǸǽȥȥˣ
һֱ˷ܺͱ֮УȻ˻һˡ
˻أҶ쳽ȴͬʱɫ䣬֮ǰȷʵ֮ʱأ˿Ѿ֪ӵпֲʵƾһ֮ң֮ˣȻûг֣
ľ͵ۿȥͺѩԶԶվһߣһྲǰƺûпȴҲûʦͼ
ĽλҲںЩô룻뺮ѩ֮ѾȷҶЦݣѾ˵Ĳ㣬Ҳ纮ѩһ㱻ǿȻҪܹԵȴȻ԰ĪԵ
ܹ飬ֻеȶѡ
ĺѩһñףȴǱԱݺһ١
Ắѩʱ򣬲ûбܻˡǷײбһ߿Ҷ֮ˣѣֻǶֻŮ̫ײˣ˶Դͬ飬ʵǲ
ԽϸҶ쳽ȴǿû
ѩ˱Ѷ鷵豹֮ز¶ֱѰߣҶ֮ǰѾжϳʵҲҪ֮ϣǱ򺮱ѩʱ򣬿ײ쳣ʵֻƤࡣ
Ȼѩ⵽ʱżܣǿȫҶϵ֪˲͵óһֲ֮Ľۣѩʵߵףߵĳ̶ȣ
ֲĻںߣǺѩżȻܣԾȫôͲͷŻܶãĴģôôȫްɬ
Ȼ⵽ʲôΪܵó̫ˣٱǸԶԶ֪ĺѩҪµĽۡ
֮ҶϸɴٲҶˡ
ߣ
ɫ³һ֣˵һȷӶȥ
һΣνǱҶҸռ˴ˣؼǣܹŽ˾ȻĪʧˡ
ԭõıȫա
ʣµģҲֻʣһ·ˡ
뿪ްԥ
Ȼôʹ뿪һԭ򣬴˵ѾһǷ֮ˣҶЦߵһһŮһѾҶҲеĳǿߣԾ뿪ĻһλһҪˡ
ǲ鷳ء
ҶҲռô鷳ҲǣЩͬһףԼɣ

᲻ߣҶ쳽γߡ
뿪Ӱ˺þãȴûѡ뿪
ң
Ĳң
Ҵ˴ޣջȣԳиߣ˵ҶأҶҴл࣬ջǿʮ֮˾ţԼ֮ǰҶЦ̸ʾ֮ü࣬Ǵ˼ʾʹȥǾ
Ҷ쳽ѩʵƲ⣬ĸ֣ɲ⣬ҪҶңҲĸ֣練ƣ
̬ˣҶ쳽ô
λӣλҶСܽȥ֮żʧţδرǻ£лԵҲδ֪λǲڴ˿ȣصҶ̻һЩʱ򣬾ҶСܼΣ
˵գƬֵλҶСѹ棬ݺƣǶรٵĸ࣬еزۣλſġ
á˵Ǿȡ
˵գȻȻһƣһҲٶ˵
Ҷ쳽̾һϵѣ㲻׸Դˣʹ˸ǡ
˵Ҳ˴Ҵȥˡ
ģһνȥһõ˶ٳīҶ쳽·ϵʵ
棬һɵʮīȫнƷʵģ⻹ɵ˲ҩνջܹࣻ൱īҩˣٳʱ򣬽Ҳɵʮһ꣬ҲʮꡣҶ̲סеļιʮнƷʵīİҩ


296 ʺ
治Ҷ쳽οĵͷһΣҶܹʧֲܸһнƷʵĳīΪѵ֮ȻԶԶҶСܵļƷīȣȴɻƮƹҶΣǹȥˡ
ǰȥڰ·ϡ
ͲµˣΪҸղΪҪҶЦλͬͬУϧܳУΣһ¹Ҷ˥϶ϲʧ
ǡ
һ·СġӴ˴ȥҶңֻвİ·̣ӿٶȣȫٻع飡
ǣ
Ҷһͬһ̳ʧڵƽϡ
ԶҶ쳽һ̾ϢֻϧλҶСѡǡöáǸоҶҡƺϵ

ô죿ѩʵ
ȣ
ȶã
ȵΪֹ
Ҫü첻أ
мȼ졣
Ҫü²أ
мµȼ£
Ҫü궼أѩ֪ļʡ
ۡ
ҵȡҶȡࡴˡ

֮ԶԼԼɱս
ҶҵѾʼ֡
ѩбб۾ɽƤҲû̧
˵Ҷ˭˭ġզؾզء
ҵ˶ˣҲǺ޹ϵڹȥ˵ʵ˼Ĵ治֪ж١
ҽս£ֻС棡
ֶǺȤ
ǹĵģֻҶЦһ˶ѡ

һߣðҶЦŽΪ˷ܶҵͷƽ
ʵڲҶЦû棬ҶЦҲӵ޾ռ䣬Ŵռ䡢ʵĸ߸˧֣ǡ̫̫ɶˣ
һУǼֱѾҸ
ҶЦһ㣬Ծʺ
ڴ֮ǰҶЦԺѩ˵úܵһɴɽǰɫĿȴΪҶЦףżȡҲȡͱĶԣг̶Ⱦѷɫںѩ
ǳɫĲʺȴ޾ռ֮ҲûеƷûɫ
˼ʵĲȫ濪ٹǲʺ࣡
棬ʮѾȫԽ͸̬֦ͷϹţ֮ѣ֮ԣ޲øϽȥŽ졣
һġʮšʮ塭ʮߡҶЦſˮһһŵժ̫ˡȻô࡭
ɴཫҶŲԼĿռǸ߰ɣòŽһιѽ
ҶЦİã˵ط˵Ǹ׼ġ
ȻҶЦڲҪߵľٶûаѹ
ȵķ֣ԭϲֻǸոտʼѣʺȻѵã·ֵģֻСƶѣ˶ѡ
ֻĸΧȻ̫̫ġۼ
ǡÿһ֮ԶΧ˷˶ٺö
ҶЦ۵ֻ
£Ȼнô࣡
Ө͸á
ʺǧ꿪ǧٵǧ귽ó죻֮󣬽סգ䣻⻷֣ηУ֣¶ţҲ˵ֻҪ㣬һֲﻹҪֹ
ؼǣµᱻʱûֻҪΪɣЩʼջµĵط
ԣǧ귽һĲʺȻһͱȡô䣬ôı
ʺһعЧȴǸΪ棻ĸϵڣκεĵرΧøࡣֻת
Բʺһƺ
һۻö֮Ƚȫܷܱտռ޷ö֮ͻγ࣡
⣬֮Դ߶Ũ֮пɱϧ£ɼߴʸɣҲδܹӵһǰ㣡
˵ϡı
µ࣬ȴߺԲ
ҶЦԹƣعƣҲмǧöγĹģ
ҶЦʼ㣺ʺÿǧܳһۣһöֻҪʮΡĹģô񲻴ˡټʮꣿ
󣬵󡭡ҶЦ죬ؽҲ˽ԼĿռ䡣
֮ǰᵽΪ䣬ҲҸ࣬ĹȻȴǽƤ£ǲƤڣһ˿Ҳй¶ȥ
ǲʺġ֮ܣĿĹƾ͵Ĳʺˣ


297 ȫǺö
Ȼ컯ƾᵱֺ֣ʺġ֮ĺ屾ԼҸʵʵΪȡȻΪʳãΪȡȻ䣬ΪתΪ
˾ȴһǺܹĴڣйȻнĺҿתȴͣͣҲͼɢĳ֣Ͼ¶ţôҲΪתγɢḶ́ɾĻΧȽܵ漣
ҶЦ֮ʶ컯ҲΪЦ磬ĳϻԵɺһѣԡ㡱Ϊλģһֱγɸóĺڳɽ۸Цҵһ򱶣ȻʱЦӵеʵڲôҲǵԪƷǿߣȴһ֮һĳɽ۶ò溹գ
˼ҶЦоԼһν¾ֻȡһҲǾԲˡ
ɵʰ࣬ǰϸϵʱ򣬶ʱоԼǸˣ
һö
Ŀ۾Ǻ汦ҩ
ֻ֮ڿôһȦȻѾ˺üȲʺҪĵر
ˣķ˰ҶЦ
Ͻҽռ׼գ׼ҶЦһ۾ֱֱ˹ȥ
ǡѪֲȻȺöУռ䡣
ǽΰɣöҲȥ
ǡѵǴ˵еľڣ˻봫˵е໥սȥսȥ
ǡɣءȥȥ
һͨѩ׵ǡʲôأˣȥȥ
ҶЦӽŴʼһ·һǣɨҶ̬ϯ˽ȥ
һʼԷֱһ£ȷһֲǲԼʶţ˵еĳ֣˺ֱӾһ֡ա
Ǽƣȫȫľߣ
ҶЦ߹ĵطһӣһûˣ
ɣ
ȻûйӵģҪȻӽ塯ҶΪõдգ
֮ʲôˣֱӾͱһƬߡ
Ĳ㾳أһƬĹ
ҶЦӽŴͿʼһ·ѹΡ
˵ԽǸ߼ҩΧԽܼÿһÿһռݵҲҪʮɷԲĿռ䣬ȷԵĵ̣㶨ɸ÷Χڵ
ʺҩѾȳ̶ȵĲʺĻ¾㵥һɽҲĵؽҲöѣ
һɽϳʺ֮⣬ҲͻһЩӲݾ˲ˡ
ģҪ˵ҩѰľһꡣ
ҩİԵ
ȴҲﾺ
ǣνľռ䱻ˣΪ˾֮ʵ̫ڻ棡
һн޳֡
پۼǧŨһǸ½ͬȫѻһʹ֮еΧճһ㡣
ЩҩҪ֣涼Ǿ㹻ġ
ȻҲͲֵ֣
һϵذռΧڣ
Ϊԭҩܼ࣬еˣǷ
ҶЦռҩռоԼЩɵˣɴԼ޾ռ֮пٳĶҩһƬһƬƤӡ
һɴ࣬ףЧҲߡ
˷֧ܵҶôҹ۵ᱳۣձ
ȻҶЦȻԼһɵơʮ
Ϊһ·Ŭ񣬲Ų˳һȥмѣԼ߹һмʮɣǧɵĴ·֮⣬Ļһߵҩ
ҶЦֻǷôһʱͳͷҪˣôҩԼҪͬһȫߣȻ˵Զ᲻棬룬ҲҪ꣡
ÿ춼۵ú죬һ㣡
ô࣬ôô࡭ҶЦ֮ڳ֮
֪֪ıԹ˵ģһٿ϶ⲻˣôҩ׸㣬ôľȻӶ࣬Ҳ̫˱ˣһô㷢ıģ
Թ֮ҶЦȴµķ֣ԼǰԼɴ־ǵĲ㾳غλãһССʯʯϣȻ֡
ּݣҶЦһѪڣսһѪ
֪ʲôΪӵ㣬ӵҩ԰ռ֮ҿռ䣬һֲҩҿԿ϶ĸ㣬㿴ʯʱѾֲʮ֮еһ֮еһ֮еһɡ
ȻʯϾȻһЦ
Ц


298 ̫ˣ
òƻּȴӲڵסˡ
Բۣ
ֻǿһ仰ҶЦͳױˡ
ôôأ
ĸɻ۵ۣռڶѾȥһٶĶأȻֻֻǵĲʮ֮еһɵһɵһɣ
ô˵ҪĲȫѹ꣬Ҫɺüꣿ
ҶЦһ
ͬʱЩĸоʯϵĻƺЩԾأ
ĵüͷǰʯΧӲȫȫɾϸӣȴǳ˳ֻЦ棬ȻдƬƬ֡
һ仰ǣҾ֪϶һͷβɵɵƣ
ɵƣɵȫҶǳͷβɵƣŪôһҩ㻹ҶЦҲû뵽һλߣȻʯϿĶӵ˵Ļ
ڵһʱ䣬ҶЦͱ׼ŭŭĽ
ϧŭХҲֻԼѣ
ǧҪӵбռռ϶ƣУˣΪӵѡ֮ˣޣǹʺ
ҶЦݴĿ壻һھҶЦǰҶЦ϶һȭֱӴȥ
ðôһһ
㻹᲻˵˻
ҶЦͻȻҪʯֱӴĳ嶯
ʯϵּڼС㻹𲻷ûɶ˲Ҹ㡣ϴԭҲиĿռ䣬ʱΪߣռװһֵĺñơ޵̾
ûôһˣöˮС椶Ǳôƭߵġô治ƽ⣡ʱţҵĳ־֮󣬲ŷ֣һռʲôաǷŸƨŪüɫǵɵһװװĲֺ
ף
ҶЦǻŭ֮У̲סͷ
ʯּĿ֮ǰλԲһˡ
ԭĳʱּǿǳһѭѭţƵĸоΧּȴôôһƦå޳ܰء
ǷƦҲڲסġ
һܹΪѡĸˣȴǣѵΪһڳԶʳʣʯϾȻĪðôһʾ䡣
ȴԼشģҲϲԶʳôûȹʺˣ
ҶЦߣ̲סһ䣺㣡
Ӵ˿̿ʼǼһ﴿ˡ
ǸԴװĿ϶ȫǴ㣡Ȼռ䶼ˣôͲأһһֲҩΪҩũôľȻܹΪĸˣ̵ϹۣӲûܳΪˣȢҲֵ棬ֹϹۣûۡ
ǾıӦֱ̫ˣˬ쵰
ҶЦͷֱָʯŴǧپ䣬
ҶЦ֮ǰûмʶһûԼˣȻܹԼʯϿֵǸС˵ʵ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
ϸĥʯϵݣһҲǶԼܹΪôʲôĸˡԹ
˵˾νĽʺޡ
ҵģӵһ쿪ʼʮ˱ģĸ˺ߡ콫ɵ
ֻǿ仰ҶЦ̫ѨͿʼһͣ
ҶЦ췢ģ֤ʱֻҪ쵰һδһΣֻҪܹռϷ磬ߵҾʹ㵽ģ
ҶЦݺݵطġ
ǻ۵һɷʣ϶벻ʯɶԴȫǴļһô࣬б¿ʯķҪͱ𿴡
ҶЦӶ÷ˡ
ӱô䣬ƾʲôû֣Ӹɷһգ֪ˣѵİװױ˲ɣ
벻ʲôͲôôҶЦ֣ǰˡǰƨ߸ˣһǷɵˣ
ļһɿϸˣҪҪˣ㡭
°죬ҶЦ㻹ܹö
˸ߵǣ֮Уûõ྾ȻռһС룡
һ仰ǣҪǰ˵Ķ˵ĻЩĻԶջأٿһ飬ԶǺûˡһԴװʺӴһǵĸ˵Ҳ㡭һįˡס𣿡
ۣ
ҶЦֱӱһƨڵϣһںѪ߾ƽؽе쵰ţҼġɱǧ˵
Ѫ֮ҶЦأԺŭ͹
һںѪ³㽫һ·ĺк߰˳ɣ
һڵҶЦǰ¾ǾԴ򲻹ҶЦҲҪȥѾһս
򲻹ҲҪȥҧڣм£
֮£Ȼô˺޵ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
̫ˣ


299 ˣ
ҶЦǷˣģѾƴҲҪʯֻΪԺץסֵļһһ٣һɾ㹻ˣ
Ȼ˼Լƽ
۾һգգעʯϣۿʯʹ
ʵĺܼ򵥣۾ֵľͶܿСӶԵܲܿöҾͲ֪ˣֻÿռװƵ˵Ĳҹάʯϵּȣ˫ֱסʯܵĶ㿴öɣ
͵Ȼּûˡ
ȻΨŻнһʾ
ͷòΪҶЦҲֻҧ˫ֱסʯ
Ȼǰгһ֣Σʯסס
漴ּûˡ
ҶЦ˵ۣĽԼȥ
˵Ĺǣѿĵһ֮󣬺ľ׽ܵöˣ
ҪĵʯϣעһҪҪܹӴʯһһʧммǡ
ҶЦ̾˿ʲôַӣӴʯҲ裬һġ
¼հ졣
ڵ״ҶЦֱֻסʯʯˣﲿλͦʯϣѾԵúܹ졣
Ĳת»Ȫʮ졣
ת¡
ҶЦھʮ֮϶µּ֣ͷʯһܣȻع鵤ܸͨӦʯ֮ڵҪ
⡭ʲô취ţȻͷΪǣ
أǹأ
޿κεҶЦĺɵհ죻ȻоʯڲּԵΪģͷʯȫס
̧߲֣Լϣ̧֣Լβ򢵤ԾҪֽʯҪŲҪҪммǡ
ҶЦֻоһȻֱôģ¾ȻôţҲҸѪһˣ
кɣǲǱˣˣ
ʱҲֻհ쿴һ﾿Ҫʲô
²鲻Ըհ졣
ڰ˲ؽҪĲ裬ȷȫ»ܹת߶ƨ˲ܹоʯڲ𵴣ммǣҪΪ׽Ū㣡Ψһȷţһ޻ᣡ
ҶЦߣڶѾߵһԷһʹʽΥ⣬ȴҲֻհһ;
ֻȴѾһǧٱ顣
˹
顭
ȻҶЦ͸оʯڲȻһ£漴ֹȻ˳
ھŲЦˣȻȫհˣҶжһ㶼ûдɵһöҸղľڶĹ
ۣ
ҶЦٶȽһѪʯϣ
οɲǺɫѪѪ
̫ˣ
Բ㣡ҶЦ״Ϊʹûô
쵰ǼֱǽԼµһһĵϷ
ôϷŪôϷŪôŪôŪǣԼȻյ˵ôˣĸԸıŪ찡ذӾŪˡ
ӻʲôԡ
ҶЦĽлһ־ͨ죬ѣ
ʵ̲סһĳȥ䡱һǿ׽ŪҶЦһʱʯΪ촷ۣ
˵Ҫɱ㣡һҪɱ㰡ҶЦ˼Ѿ׷ˣ
Ǭʧɫ˵޹ĴҶЦһɸߣӹɣһҶЦǰҶЦǹƾҲܻ
ҶЦеԹѾγʵʣ
ôģûôˣİɣ
˵
µһ޹Ļ쵰
ˡҶЦֽ˺üѪҪˡ
һ̣ҶЦͻȻסˡ
漴̴ֽͷβϸϸĻһ飬ԽԽй죬漴ͻȻЦģ쵰ôĵҲǸ˲ţҶЦݺ£Ⱥףǵһ˽ôңôԵġ
ҶЦһЦ
ԼǰһС֪ЩɵƺǺĹӡ
ҶЦͻȻоĸͲӹϣʧȥ˱ģ
ˣȻɺޣӱˣһȴǾȡ˺ȣ
ֻ̫̰ˣ
գֻܱƿأ


300 Ŀʼ
ҶЦЦЦţ̾һ
׽ŪҲãˣŪҲգܹĵطķʽȫĶԤе˼Ѿ֤ͱǿ
ȻҪ㣬þһа취㣬ֻؽյŪҵˣǣĿǰ˵ȷʵǿǿ̫̫࣡
Уƶǿߣ߸ϣֻʱģΪӽҵĿ꣡
ǲֻծҶЦЦ
Ҫ򵹣Ҫ׻ܵĿ꣡
ҶЦЦţǺЦ⣺ң˭ҲҶЦЦ
仰ȫȫȫȫ˵

ңԶĿռ
һЦúϲ£ıһͻȻ˸ĺɵؿ˭˭ڰң
һƦļһҡͷԵ˵󣬾⸱Ѳ۾˾˲ɵƵУ˭еѵ۲Ű㣿ˣ
ͷĲͷһͷҷоƺ䣬оʵڣµġ
У
üһĲмķвͷһʸյô߼Ķô˵붼˵Сˣǳ˵Σ쿪
һһüϸ룬ȴʲôûϾʱ̫ԶˣһȱҲ̫ˣܹһԼ
˵ˣΣ΢Щ¾ܸ㶨⣡
漴ֵվ˵˭һϷ˵һԶѹ·Իʵ۳Ѳ̬ΧλаϴĹһȦȻȥ˼ʾãʾþУʾ

֮
һԼȫֻһſͷɥŵһߴĻ́ҪһлӣװƳ棬绢
һӰȻӹ֮һ״ʱŭ֣˻˻ˡˣåҲ㣬϶㡭
һҵĽ쳹أаϴֵǾһôءϽġʹʹʹ
˵㣬Ϳ϶㣡ٺ١ǵӰȫȻ֮ĳ˵İ棬ֻһζȭߣȭȭ⣬ʹ飬ĳ˵ЩֵǲһûԶֹƽȲʣаϴͣаϴ䣡
аϴټӰѾ
úã
̫ˣ
һһƣ
žžžžžžžžžžžžž
úãһҪҪ
ҪҪҪ
żҲ
ôźأ
ιĳһﱻֱӺһȭʮһĶӴɳȥôԶ
Լįȥɣһŭ֮ȥ
ٹƬ̣簲ˡ

ҶЦȻʧЦҡҡͷԸʵѳɣԲپ϶Ҫת뿪֮ʣͻȻ
Լոմʯ棬ȻֳһССİʯ
ϣʥ貵ĵâظֳһС֡
ղű˰ɣ
ô߸֡
ҶЦƲƲ죬ʶĻشԣ
˵֡
߸һҶЦܵĸоԭڹȿֵλֻˡ
λĿ
ȻԾɸ߸ϣȴһȻȻ£ף
ָӦûκ֧֣ҶЦֱ
Ǻǣעⲻ˵Ḷ́ʱұһ˲ọ̈̄иļһҪһֵ֣һСܲòӣҲֻµʲôҲν˵ףһϷȴɲһֵȤ¡
ҶЦ̾˿
ϷȤ£
־ؿҪǻһˣѾϷˣ߻ħѪҾҲʲôϡ¡
ȻҶЦת˼Ȼһ壬ԼھʲôԼ˿ǻĪôЩôĪ˵ãֻǰٷ֮һǧ֮һ֮һֻһһãһ˿һ̫̫ˣʵСΪ⣡
˵ףԼǲ̰ͼ࣬ô壿
Ҫռ䣬˵ȴҪʯǱҪͨĵһذҪʯ֣ƱҪǰǸʯ
ʯϣλĻ˵ѾʯڣĿˣ
ҶЦһ
ѵҪһʯ
ҪٱˣһΡ
һϵǱĳ٣ǿԭǵڶ֪ǰпӣҪԼɾûˡ
ģûôȤζʯϳһ仰
仰ҶЦʱģٳ
ƺֻҪ˵ĻֵԼȫȫⱾıܵȥΡ


301 ֮
ʩչȫΪʯ֮ܽôȣȫˣڻ򲻿ĲѾȡ󡣱ʱͻ֪Ķһֱ֧Ϊǿǿߣ
ʮʱ֮ڲԶȥͬʱȡΪĸ˵ʸ񣡡
ʾʯĿǰΪҲֻĲ䵴Ϻһ̥ɾ˲ΣԶý㣡
СһҴ˼ʻ֪ʲô֣ڿʼֻܽĲʱһοҵּ
һڵ㣡
֮ڣܽ㣬ԾɽϳΪĸ˵ʸ񣡡
Ϊ֮
Ȼλûж˵ҶЦȻʶˣЩǸԼ˵Ц
ңƺʱԣȴһǺܽȵģ
λƿ棬ǬȴܣԼ
ҶЦУȻһֽȵĸо
ҶЦܸɴر۾ʼȫת񹦡
ҶЦͷһȫͶ룬һ˿ĸһ£
֮ǰҶЦҲΣڤļ֮ϮսΣһиòãòõݸŽǳȫȴԽڡĵԾɴһ룬Σȫ룬ֻһ˼һͷΨһһ⣬Ҫ
ʯһҪҶЦзݣרעǰС
ڴ֮ǰ˸ҶЦ˵ŬҪĿľΪȥһˣ
ôҶЦĵһӦһǹЦԥ˵һĵ
¡Ŀġ˵⣿
˵Ƿڵ£ҶЦ϶Ὣ˵֮ˣΪ֪̾һ£
Ϊǰ޿ɷϵǣҶЦĿ굱ѾԭĻϣһĿ꣬һŬȥһˣ
ң͵ǰԣĿģȻѾҪĿģһĿģһҪʵֵ֣
񹦹Ȼʯȫ֮ࣻʯͻȻֳϼ⡣
һϼ⣬նȥһ֮䣬ʧãã档
ҶЦԴȫ֪һת񹦣ʯڲӿһٴ㺣ϲ޾

ңԶĵط
һھ˫ĿգѩƬ֮УȻƬҲһ䣬Ķŵĸо
һɫâˢһ
ǰ֮УͻȻһһС
ǵɫâôġ
еת
˻۾ĿǰУĸˣڳˣ
ӰһΣһӰڰ
һɺ޾Ϣ˵ĵֱ˲񷡣
Ƶ޾ģ
˲ͷѾ֪˭ϴΪֽһ
Ǻ˵ЦЦյ˲޼ıԵƻţֻǸոţҪ˷豹棬Ҳ޷Ƶʱ򣬲Բ
̾һϲϴ۷·ͷµһ˵ϴӦѾǿ޵У
δءЦЦ²ܣиоĪаӦһ
΢ЦֵҪӰѾˡ
ֻ᲻Դÿ˶ÿ˵ǿ档ЦЦֵǶ׷
˻ͷ
ĸ˳ˣתͷǰС
ոճ֡վɫأʱ֮Ÿոձ
ţͿһôˡ˵ͷ
֮ǰѾ˰˴Ρǰ˸˶ϸ񡣡ǿһҲֻܳΪһƬǿ֮գңɼѾǵھŴˡ
ĪЦЦ㲻ãھŴ֣Щô
˹һЦͷԣҶСһǿá
ǿá˵϶Եģ
ΪǵھŴΣһ˵Բֵκζȷ֮
ǡ˹һЦǰһﶼǳסΨ²֮ͽ˵ǲ»֡ڼįѾСһ
֣
üͷһ壬ǰѾҪƽĿʼһ⻬Ļ˵ֵǶɡ
˵ã
һ֮󣬾ǰٺ죻ǵĲ»ûˣįǱߣ´ν˰ɡǱȥ¡ֳź˻˵š


302 ǿ߶Լ
á취΢΢һЦ˵֮ǰǸоѾͷԵδŵ˳֣Ȼδ֣ȴѾӦѾͷԵˡһΣǰһ°ɡ
Ҳ˽һ¡˵
˸ո˵껰ಡӰ˷
˸յѾ׷׾ϲĽгϴ󣡡
ͻȻһ֮г֡
ҶЦӡ
˶һĸˣ

ҩɽ
Ĳռ䡣
ҶЦš
Ҳ֪Ǵ˶ãҶЦ޵񹦵ĺ೤ȻоЩƣۡЩ̵ʱ򡭡һۣʱһ𡪡ʯⲿȻʼڽ⡣
ĿʯĿСһȦ
ҶЦһิɴԼҪʯаյġ
۾Ǳĳ͹ֳһᣬͻȻʯڲ
Եú¡
ֻ˵Ļкü˵
һʯ֮Уô˵ĶҶЦȻһ񹦵תʱֳȵļ󣬴ʯдĹŹʱȥ
ҶЦмңȻ׸飬ԭɲµ¼߶ȫ߶ȼУӿ롣
ռХһҶЦľ
ҶЦ֪֮УȫľȻڲ֪ţ֮ͨĵԣ
˹֮УԷתҶЦľһεǿ
ҶЦûвЩ飬ȫ񣬶ʯ֮е˵
һԤеǰ㣬һΣܹˡ
Ȼ˵
˭ҴģҶһֲԲʯǶĵ̼ģ˭Ҫˣ˭ѹ¿㣬ڵϹȦ˭ң۹ع̣
ҶЦһ֪˭޵ģǰǸŵļһ
ɵȱѹڵϹȦʲô̼ǵòã
԰һʲôʲôҿǸһƥȻŹ̼
ˣʵ̫ˣ˵ֱϣˣ
ססָܲܲܶע˵Ǽ򵥵㣬˭ҪˣȥһϿգȫµ˶ܹõҼįɵƣֵܣעȥ͵ˣôôһĶŵ
á


ԱߺüŰ˵
ǰסˣòŴһȱ´ð̵Ѿ˭˭˭Լ֣ôͽҵ֣ôǶĲ𣿡
Ա߼һЦ
һص˵Ҷһ϶עһ
һҶһעһ
Ա߼˴ǲĵǶĵǸһһעզ£ˣ˧ô֪û˻̵ĺòã
һ쿪˵Ҫٻһע˭Ҫˣ˭ȥϴһһҹҲÿսˣô
һ˶ʱ˵ˡ
֮󣬱˵λ˻˻˵ʵ̫ЩҲͰˡȻÿսˡ
ü֪ͬרĲҽкţҪôأŽʵأ
Գŭô˵úǸƵģרǱǮбǮһδεӰòã
һ˵νƣҸעҲÿȥͳһע˭Ҫôôɡ
һŵ˵ҾͲˣУûɣ
ٶҶЦ˲ʱ϶˽˵Ȼʯ
ȻΪֹһֻ仰ŶأУԴݲȣյȣƺǰըѣҲգգӵİʮ㡣
⵹ǿСһʵ˵ɣҳһƬۣ뻨ԶģҪˣһ仨ͺãҲһµˡ
һ˵Уû⣬ô˵ˣֻҵĶעһ仨֮⣬ټһ
ʵʱȻŭɶ˼
ɶ˼㲻ףҪǵһһ߲мƽϣǾȻӣҼһǵ˵Ҵ˼û仨ϣѾܸˣǲģ


303 Ϊ㰤ᣡ
Ա߼Ű죺עãȹ񫣬¡
˵Ȼˣ붭˶Զģҳһһ굶ǣһԴ²񷣬ʱԵ˳ˣϢˣȫһӮҵĹ͡
Ǵֺ˵ˣ
ֺһʱ͸ҶЦһԨsţΡȻΰԵ޼᲻ݵĸо
һɵ⣬Ȼ仰صĳ˳
ҶЦһȻ
˵ĺ쵶ҶЦĿеĵһˣô˿֮ҪŲһλֻ˵Ų֪λϾսӴλǵΪΪҲҪԶԶҶЦ֪߶ȣȥȽϣ˵ǿǶ¡
˵ҶЦԼ֪ˣõҶЦԼΪȻôߵĵǿ߱ȽϣǸ޵£ն֮й֮߿
ǸԵмٶҾͶϴһܣҶܹīֽô
ԲᡭǰҶЦ޵ƺѾĿࣺ쵰ҾͰιë
˵ҲҰɣǡˡסƣȻлʤģҪǸį֡
ҵ˵˺ߺ˵ȻƤˣǾȥϴǱȥɣ
ҲģҲįԶģܹӮˣįȥаϴսһһҹ׼׼սˣһ첻꣡
ʲô˼ضҸôίؽУҸ𣿡
һЦٷϻ˵Ĳİɣ㲻ǺųֵǸô
ģСįҧźҿһһûϷΪɶҶģɶʱ
ʱλٶ˵Լøģ֤ϿɣΥжעһ˳е
һ𾪺׷죺ԲۣҲ̫˰ɣȻ֤
λƺ΢Цѵôֵʱ򣬱ҪôЩҪ϶˻˵ģǶû˼
Ǿǣ˶ЦǴӲˣīܲˡ
һЦ
ͬʱһҲˣЦǽһֱĻŭţϲЦտ
ֵܹ˿ģȻǲ鷢˶˵һˣҶЦ
Զ׼ǸĪ⡢µҲʲôộȻҶЦνġ֤ʲô⣬ʲôʲôΣһͺܸߴϣһһǸʲôįûº󷴻ڣû©ļ֤
ֻҪˣһԼǸʲôϴȻ֪ʲôεǿߣһ϶Ǻʮַǳ൱ʹ飡
ܹǸԵͷҶЦ϶һٶʮֵּɣ
ȻҶЦȴڣⳡľֵĺҪ㣬òԼֻҪԼܹأǾǸ쵰ˣҲԼӮһѣ
ȻǸؿʲôĿǰ֪ҶЦԼңҪһҪӮҪӮӮɵ֣
˼ʵҶЦʮ㣬ȫ񹦵תƵʣǰ߶ȣҲ֪ΪƵʸ߻ǸרĵԵʣӰʯ洫òƸˣ
ֻ罣˵Сһ
ֺ˵Ҳġ
Ǹ˵ʲô˵һδؾܳɡϴšǸµȻܼ򵥣Ҳһܵ˵ģ
һ˵Ƕˣ
˵Ȼ
һ˵ã
԰԰һһأôأУǰǸòƽСįļһʱ̫֮ƽеĶעУ
㣡ϣɴһһ٣ˬһ£
顭

һЦʯ֮еȫʧˡ
ҶЦ״Ŀ࣬һʱȻ
ֱʯ֮еʧ˺ܾãûлعȻҶЦ˵Ҳίʵ̫һЩ
ôһȺĵļһԲڰ˾Ÿ˵Ĺģһڶ磬ģǶԶĶ󣬺ȻԼĳɾͻδĸ߶ȡ
Լ֪ɶʱȻôţˡҶЦԼɲһһֻ¶һص۷ڣȻܹۼһΪһ˴ģ̫ˡҲ̫ˡ̫ܳѹ̫ˣ
ʵҶЦģȴ⼸֮У⼸ѹԼģҲֻǿЦʣòҲΨǸʲôįǶԼǸ
ֻΪҪһᣡֻΪ䣡
ⷽʯҲһҪġ


304 ٻ
ҶЦ۾
ʯڣֻǷƺԭôˣԽԽ
ΨеҶЦˣǽˣνؿ鿪ʼ˼ҶЦԺ֮Уĺﲨ
ҶЦĻ˵ǻ󣬵˵ʵӰ죬ҶЦʶ֮УһһֳۣһʿͥŲĴǰ߹ֹڴˣȻأʿȴǲǿգ棬ƺȻֻ⾭ȴǽǳ˹Ȼ⣬ԾΪ
ǿ湲Σ
ҶЦ񣬼ʱͱƬǿ֮Уǰľ˱仯ǣҶЦǰܿģؼʱǿƱһ֮࣬ǸӲˡ
Ȼ˫۾ȴƺҶЦǰӡ
һ̣ոԼʶ;֮ҶЦӦȴ߶Σ֮ǰֻΣȴǿǰǿңѲĻսֱǻʹ
ңԶʣһâȻ֣һ̣һâѾ˺Хľ޴󽣹⣬ɡ
һѽ
һֳֳȴƺǳҪӵͦαֱն;ǳôȻ飬ֱ̳ǵأһ㽣ʼҫۣâҫء
ǺӢһȴģ޸һ㣬ƺУֻǽֵ꣬аͬ顣
˵ƽһǿܹ֮һĻͬԱƵĶ˼ĺѩֻ»֮һΪǱʵĲ죬ѩıĳԣ൱̶ȵˣ˧װȣ˼Һ䣬Ҫε䣡
˵ˣ˵Ľܹݣ
һܡҶЦһȻֱӴݻ桢ǳʲôΪ뽣һ㣿
ҶЦȻûȥ쳾죻һȴȫԿ϶Ǻ쳾ĵһǿߣҲֽĺӵ̶ȣ
ǽۣ֮
Ȼһ
˹񽣣˹ҶЦȻ޷ҶЦ˼ʣȫ֮֮У԰Σ֮ǰǰʿǺΧ֮Уԣ
ֻǣ
ֻһΰĵâԶȻֻ֣ڳֵһɲǼ䣬Ѿأռеǳһ֮кȻ죬촷ۡ
ǵͽԣһ֮ǰһǳƥ޶ԣһйУһдǳһȴֱռ䣬ԭ㱻©ֱӵĴΧ޲©
һĽռ䣬Ҳǧﳤһֲĺڶ
գǿռҲһ֮࣬ڡ
â֮һӰӶӰֻһ֣һ۰£ͰԵϢѾ񷡣
ƺһӰһѾǶأпռ䡣
˾棬ͬҶЦδżδò˵жûиôݵĵ֮裬ҶЦȻͨ㼼գȭŵԣʼոƫ򽣵һչֵĵ֮ȻԾҶЦĪȴղһ壬˵ĳ֮ǰһĸп
ͷ˲תҶЦͻأ뵽էȻ˾һҲһһĵߣۼ֤һֻ¾ǼʱˣҲĿ
ŵâ
һ˶ĽȻ⾰Ƭ̱ѺХ
֮һֻ˸֡
˵֮ҶЦȻ˼֮УȻҲһۿͷ
Ȼ֮Ƭռ֮УͻȻ˻һֵĻҶЦûмȴۼλɫ
Ŀȫǻ
һţӺŵʢܶʼ龰üֱκ
ȻҶЦȴĪоһԵëȻһɺֱ͸ĺ

һһĻĻ׳ľ󣬴ҶЦǰһ
ҶЦһһĲ𶯡
ڲ֪֮Уĵ˽Ӷľ
ռ䣬ѾѺۣڲ֪֮УѾ֮СȫȻ԰Ρ
ĳѿôͱҶЦȫʧܣʹǰ;ϣһ޳ɡ
ʵϣǳ֮ʱһһĽǺӻ󣬻ǽۣҶЦ׳٣ǵâҶЦԽ𺳣⾳ҶЦڻһ̶ȵĵֿĽˡһ඼ҶЦ˲ʱ٣


305 ϴҲģ
ΪľԶԶҶЦΪˣݻԵˣ
ֻϧҶЦ֪飬Լı仯һ֪ȫûκθо
ңԶı˶ˡ
һĺôˣΧţмһˣһ£ӢңһһˣֻˣÿһòӢʷǷ˵ע۽Լǰľ֮С
ǰеľҶЦʱ˿̵
ͬҶЦãȻȻ֪˼Σ֮УһӶټľŸ˿ǽҶЦ״۵ס
ҶЦǻѪ죬ǵѪϤѣҲȻѡ
ֻҪҶЦһϢϾԻǶģһϢɣԪ壬ǻҷ˻Ϊ촷ۡ
ҶЦ˿̵ϣȴֻһƬ֮ɫѣԼʹ࣬ȫ
Ȼڻ֮УѾˡ
ȻΪһĻֺ볡棬һĵֿЩԾ̫ˣľ֮ǰһĵֿ޷𵽾ԵãȻȫݣԾȻ԰Ρ
Ϊ׺λĺ֮꣬ǰһˣ˿̵ĺһû˵
һ˵ʼչŵ΢Цƺ²
ǲˣ˻Ѿǻ췦ˡ֮Уһ̾˿ݿֱŮӻҪþ¡
һüͷ˵ôôҲ־ѡеˣضĿҲûУΨһһЧĵֿǽ䱾ĶԲųŹȥڼ͵ͬȫݽȥˡ⡭Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
һЦ˵ȷʵǻңͨˡ

ĸһŭҲһͣڵô͵ǻᣬҷֺݻô
һ߯ЦЦ˱īү֮⣬жܹŵùһأֵǣԸǿɾҪ䰡ǲǿԶֶעˡ
һɫʱ̾
ھжӮʤܻΪʱ磬ûеҿȥ΢Цѽ̫ס
мĺ΢Ц˵ò黹ûеһͲ㶨ۣνꡣ
һ˵㵽ᣬҾԸоһǿƾֹصġ
ϴ󣬱Ҷ㣬˵ʺķǳҲţǡôܸˣ˼ʻѾͬʧأҲûпָܻʲôϣұһ£ҵڴ˭ܽأСįӽ
мΪ׵ĺЦЦīҪôаյĻ¸Ҳһѣ
˶ʱϴҲҪģ̫ˣ
ǡįʶͷǾɲ̧ͷ˿еľ󣬾֮УҶЦѾѪɷɲѾͷԵ졣
ĳ˼״ɲǰһȲ˵ϴ˻棿ʱ㻹Ҷģ
βңϴ󵭵ЦЦڵⷴҲҽӣǸ˳ΪİЦЦѵīʾһ䣬ϴƽģǴûΡϸˡ
ǡįһԥƬ̱һҧˬϴдˣҷǣһȣСӵǰ״Ŀãߣĸ˰æſʹѳ֮ǴùƽҪǰԳ֣Ǿǻ˹أ˴֣ƻ˹أüӱͷô
Բһ㶣ѵʿյĿ⡰įôһ˵ǽҶЦĽҲɱˣѵǧһã
ϴǺһЦû⣬ⱾӦõģ˾Լܣľ˲ó֣κԤҲһ翸£
įԵʱ˷ܵùЦϴһԣΥҿҽ񳯴ϴĲ񻰣ʹ۶ˣ
촽һᣬб۾żįȵȣ㻹û˵ĵʲôأ
ʲôעҶӣϽİɣǡįۼѵãЩˣϴ󣬿ЩԼҪȻֻˡ
ǿ׼ҶЦǱʱܱȻȲΨԼϴû¶ԼǸҶЦͺһըˡ
ǿɾͶĲˡ
ҶЦСȻ첻ӮԼϴĻȴģ


306 ·
ãӮˣҰɣȥǡˣѡ˵ʱҪ㡭Ӻһ˵
仰˶ʱȻЦϴ̫ˡīĲİҪľͿЩЩЩ
ǼįԲеЩΪѣ˵ϴôòЩʡ
㾹ȻûֶģղǸųʲôעӵ˭ֵ˰һ塣
վ˵ۣ˭Ҷģ˭Һڰ˵ҶģôġȻӱŮ˸ȥůϴûôģӮˣҲӮó찡
į֣Ҫȥ
˷׷
ϴҲֲ֧ǲˣǾͰˣ㲻ңȴҲģ
һߵİ˵߿ԻķįѾͷ˭ϣϴĶӶҪԵЩ˵ĺˣҪҪȥһͶһΣ
ҲݣѾľȻעҹŮˣįŭǲУԲУ
ѾĿɱҽˣؼĲǵÿŮ˼ôŮǲ⣬˭ǿ˭ǿ֮ԱǣǲŮޣ
⻰˵ĵҲҪиǿյһŮĹŮҲޣοįӶ棬ôһŮⱲҲָɾͻˣ塣
įŭ˵ҿ˵ҾˣػỤ̊Ҳûộİɣ
һ㶣ī⻰ȴǴеֵܣ˴֮ôЦôֶû£Ӵ˼Ůȷʵǹˣ
Ǽįۼ˱˵㶣һʱ緢ȵµҹŮ˵㣿
״΢ЦǵȻ
ôһʱȾǻأ˲ȷ쵰͵͵֣įݺݵ˵ҹŮлıҶó
˵ŮѵǵĸɹŮȻҪɶɶɶɶȱģ
¾ôˣϴһۡ
ˣįеҲŲһ䣡
Լȶ֤һٶȺ᳤ա
Լ֤۵˵ΣҲøġ
漴˸Ͻתͷעٶȹעǰվ֮ϡ
УҶЦԾǻԡѪҲԣΨݸ԰꣬Ȼûдӻþ֮
į״֣нǿϢҾ˵Ҳᡭ
ֻһпĻûü˵꣬ͻȻһУӼҪͻۿˣѿԲۣô
˼״ʱһ󶫵ĴЦ
ֻǾУҶЦȻԾѪ졢ѪȶࡣȻʶڻ֮Уû߳ϵһϢȴѾ֮
į۾͹ۿ֮⣬Ĳţ˵⡭ôôû߲ô
һܣһ̾ȻЩʧˡ
б۾Ĳټ٩ĳˣ΢Ц
УҶЦ۾һգ૵˵ܣֱѹصΪίʵһÿһ˶ﵽľ磬˵;鴦һһ죬Ҳܹ
һ˵仰֮Уһ˿Ծη

ڵľ˵Ǽֱǳ롣
ֻôһ룬ҲоԼʵЩ֪ߵغˣֱȺܡ
һȻȻľͷ֮⡣
ĵ´ﲻܣܳΪǿҲǺܲˣϾǿߣѾҪӵĴڡ
ֻôһ룬ͻȻ侭Ѫһγ֣Ҹ౶񹦵Էס֣ҲҶЦѾΪľ棬ɣΪһѪˡ
žļįʱһ󼤶ɴ۾˵졭ҾҪӮˡ˭˵ˣǴ۰۹
Ȼ־ĵڡ
ȴеҶЦУͻȻһɿǰǿʢâɹâֱӾŽ˹ľһ˵ǿ϶ҪΪ˽ǸСįĻ˿һ٣һҪһҪ
Ҫ
һҪ
Խϴѩ֮裡
ܣ

ҽ·
ҶЦһҰ죡
һ̣Ȼһǰδеᶨ
һ˲֮еԷغһӿ壡


307 ߵˣ
һ뵱֮УҶЦΪѪѪȫֹ沿ϵĴˣҲһ˲ʧӰ٣
һȫ
ƺʲô鶼ûз
ֻǣԾû߳
һȴѾͬΪ͵ǰ״ԣѾͨ˻Ŀ顣
ν⸣͸ղһ˲壬ҶЦĵǰΪۣ޷ɣΨһ־Ǳ
ҶЦĵǰ״Ѿ˵ĸ״ϼӽҶЦֱɣҶЦʼԴıʽҶЦ޷һ£ǿ޸ҶЦ塢Ѫȴһ£ҶЦȫһ˲䣬ǽ֮Ծ˻ǸҶЦһҶЦ漣棬Īڴˣ
ҶЦȻ֪ʣڱ˶˵һڴʲôˣȻ˲ʱһеıʣԾ֮̾ˣ޿ŤתľܻȪ֮·ȥַģǺ˵
ΣյһؼȹȻҲ;̹;ˣʯڻٶԽԽ죬Ȼ仯һ⣬ԽҶЦü֮䡣
ˣ󹦸ɣ
¶ˣ
īˣ
οõ׵ˣ
Цˡ
ҲסˣԷЦΨλįڵ۾ճյѾʲôû˵գͣŸղŴЦĲ顣
˼ʵɫȴֱӾһͨͻȻ˹ôš
Բۣôĵô£į״ؾԼͷͻ˼˼ļˡ
˼״ЦЦöӶˡ
벻һﾹȻֱӾڻͻˣ飬תµĸԴòƻҿįĴ̼СһѣҪȻϴֻ¾ˡ
ϴд˲񻰣˵
ղǺ
Ҫ˵˵īǺˡԼҲҪȫϴĲ񻰣ἺΪ˵ؽţ˶ݣǶݣҿ϶ö
ҲݣˡīһȫǰʯͷԼĽţʤȯգȴۼ˲ʱתƣʵ̫Ŀˡ
ЦˣӶҪЦˡҿɶüǧûôˡҾͿ»ˡ
ҲҲǡ
ЦôΨĳįɥ
ԼʼⳡľֵսǼī̵һ£һˡһŮߴаϴսһһҹĻᡭϴһսεĻᡭСǹϲįӮôණ
žžžһƣֲ֧
һ߹ƣһǰϣЦ˶ӣҪЦ
νⷴڣȴԼŶֻʤǧ̸⣡
įҶ֮ӱϢ
įܻԲԲԣ²ԣô
λϴЦţ˵ͽͣ
΢Цһ£ʵһصصͻƻþ
īһըˣɶ˵ɶصص㲻ͻƻصɶⲻ԰˵̣ԣǲԣ
һɴݣȻīҲشǿ֣֮˵лҵȱܻĻþ֣ҵͬȾ磬к˿ͻƣ
һͷ
ԼŸֲµĻ˭ƣ
ؿصͲѭ;ͻƻþľ޿ܣҪľֻеֿסþƳѣƹֻǸƳѾǿˣƾСӵıΪǾ޿ܣΨԵ˵пܳŵù
ʵˣеĶ񹦣쳣俹ס˵һƣ˵Եǿȹ˵ԣ˺Ϊǰһĵֿʼճ
įһʼþʶΪΨдƻþͻƣǽСӷŵ˵ͬұĸ߶ȣֱǻ֮ĵʱ򣬴Ѿȹ˵ƳȴʱӦжľ֣עҪĽ֣ϾֻҪܹޣתΣΪɿ飬Ϊ֮ˣ֮ӣǷȱľǻˣ˵Ȼĺܲңȴǰܵɡ


308 ˵汳
į˵Ϊ˵ôһγƪۣܺŪˣ˵öģ
һߣλ罣ͦεüͷǳ˼Ǹ˵ϴĵʱ򣬹ռˣʤȯˣһ˵ǳ֮У˭ͻǾŸֲµĻþ֣
аϴһ˵۷ʱڣҲδܹͻƵģͿǸСһǿ޵ΪȻҪĥףҪ㣬µ涼ȥˡ
ĳǺЦɷʼīΪռϴıˣⲻ֪ռ˵ĸԼúܲңȴܵɣǺǺǺǡ
įһסҲдмң˼ʱһƣʱȻǽȴֻиӵİɥɵġô˵⡭ء֪ϴûаյĶģһͷԽȥҾͷ
Ҫôۣ˵Ҳδزһ£Ǻϴ󵭵ӽԼŮƱô˾ȻŮżң֪д󵱻Ů󵱼ޣвһصôʲôѵҪԼĹŮСöһӣѵּĽ
įͷǡǡʲôҹŮ
һЦˣ
įأԳ̾ɥѡ
ôһôǸаϴҹֲĴ㡭̾ë˱˵ҧҧ͹ȥˡ
쵰˭˵Ϊ򡭡įȻŭ漴ȴֶʱήȥԹ˵һֲǲ֪šҪ֪ξȻŮˡҪŪңݡ
ɲǼ
Ȼ˼īı뺷ţһɫȻЩװס
Ȼĳŵı뺷£Կ⡣
ˣįͻȻһ֣˵ǣһ˿ǺþòˣҳĳȥҼҺȾȥֵһúõĺһʹ졭
ȣįǱ߻û˵꣬λϴѾһòȻ˵ֵǾ飬ʲôšֻء֮ǰҸŪʲôأòƺҪ£ŵȻǱ컹£զ˻ȱ컹ءֵġ
һüͷ˼״һ߿첽˳ȥˢһӰ١
֪զҾˡĳһĴȣҵøϽ¸÷ȥɱ˱컹顭
ಡһûӰˡ
ĳ˼״ٺٵ治ȻܰȫûӰ£˵ôòȻֱ׳˳¡赺ϣУҵ׷䣬ôôԴԼֵܣֱ̫ûˣǱ𶯰˭
˵գĳһò׷Ѱĳȥ
ǡįԸ̾ǺֵأĳЩˣûֵꡭ
һ˵Ϊ̾ϢԭҲǺֵܣˣ߾ǡ
ˢһʱ٣
įһ㶣Ȼ˵Ĳ㣬治㰡
ϲŭ״ȵ˵Ĳԭ˵ûֵꣿī㾹Ȼ˵ǣǵǿˡ²꣬įһ˼įɣǧҪǣƽԹ
һȺɢ˲ڤڤ
įȻΣȻŭĴУ˻ˣһȺˣһĲֵꡭһҾܡ֪ɶ˼˻Ҫ۵ͷϡƨƽԹҲҰٳһ㡭
תͷһ־Ȼһûߡ
ھɥļįʱǰһޱȵ̬ǰѽҾ֪СǲˣֵȥҼҴһ١ֵɶͳɶɶͺɶ
Ȼ̾ϢǼ֪ݣ嵴ӢۣСǣѡҺܸжҲֵһֱͬʹ࣬϶ˣõֵܡ
СԴվţһͻȻȻһһǿϢȻð˳漴ƿڴǸӣ߾£Ȼ֮ǰңҵȫӲܶ⡭ôǲ֮𡭡
įסˡ
ԲۣСţһۿįʱסڲתܡ
įһסü˳۵İ󣺡ֵܣֵ͸һӡȫֵˡ
ɶ㲻˵Ƕ֪ɶ˼ôɵףֻǣΨˣ㻹קҸɶϽҷ֣ĳСǹ״ͼ
ҿǰɣУӾʣˣ˵ɶҲߣֵܣͿһˣī


309 ŴӴЦ
㿿һأһԳӣһֵ߽ܣɶְСǸɴ༦ͷˣ
ֻҪ㲻ߣӣīΪﵽĿģֱ״Σ伫ˣյãɽǰΡȻ
СۼԼ߲ˣʱˣȵ֣
ţįòײץסһݣôܷ֣
Ҳȥ
Уˣ㲻ȥҲȥ
ҲŲɩءҵġ磡׸磡Сǰ㶼׸ˣСһɡ
į᣺ֵܣֻˡֻҪȥԺҽ磡磬׸磬״磬Ͱæɡ
СɫҰףͻȻһš䡱һʱ촷ۣһ⣬ߡ
֮죬쵽ɥ֮Ȯææ©֮㡭
įֻץһ첲ľ
֮ƿڴģСǣ湻ݣԲᡭȻԱҲһȥæݣݣ
ԶԶһԱҲȱǿҾǲȥ
ԽԽСڳʧˡ
˰ɡįҽУߵҪҪ군ˣ군ˣ
ԶһӰįˣʲô
īɲǼ˳ĵӭȥϸ˵Ŷšװšôˣ
紫Ѷҹİ˵ҪҪǿӰƵ˵ĥΪأسɶҪ¶զˣզ⸱أˣ
ĪҺ㡭ĳįᡣ
֮󡭡
ʲô˵ʲôһ쳹棺ٸ˵һ飿
漴Ʊɫر޹⡭
˺ǧ¼䣬ֻҪдܻԵɺϴӴ˵·һĲҽﲻ޾žѪ𻰧

һƬྲ֮УҶЦоԼͻȻһλ羪춯ذ𵴣
ȻȫתϣҲ˲˹
۽⣬ֻüһĨɫĹâԼԺ֮С
漴һѣ֣һҡΣƽһˤڵأˤǽһǱǱΪ黹ҪǱ֮ûбøήҵġ
޾ռ䡢ľռ֮УȻһССʯֻʯұըռɫâ
״һ¶̰˼Ĺâ
۾ҪҪҾҪɣ
Ҳֹ֪˶ãҶЦֻоѻߣƺһˬʴЦȻЦУҶЦֻоԼ·ʧһȥ
ƮƮѵȻڰô
ȥɡŴӴЦ£뻳С

ѩأԽȥʱʱ̧ͷǰҩɽɫ֮䣬Ƿݽ˿ΣȻ͸һ׼Ľ˹
ϴٲҾɽ飡ɽڣ˲棬ɽã
ѩе
飿侲ɽǰƺһҲż˵Ī˵㣬ңǼеǿȫ˵һҲɽ޿κΣܺɽһ㣡
ѩ޺һţʱһǿҵ𶯣
ʶڴˣʧɫһ֣ţһŷǶɽɽֶΣ
ǵǿ߶϶޴Ϊ
ѩҲǴˣ֪ܲ˵ʵ
ʵϣ֮ǰѾԹöΡ
ڱ𴦣ȶɽɽֶΣǴݻһƬɽͣҲǲڻµģóȴһʯҲܴ顣
Ҫ˵Ǻɽ
ΪֹѾһˣѩ˵ϴǱߵˣǻֻȫѶ⡭ǽˡ
˵ϴ󲻻ġ
ô֪ѩһȭǰɽʯϣŭһµڣûаϢȷɽ˵ʲôûϢǺϢķϻҲţ
һٲ𻰣һ
ƺһҲżһζĵȺʵĵѾļ٣ѩࡣ
ҶЦĳôֻմһ뿪ˣпܾţһֱȥȵġʯá
ӣǧҪ£
źѩתתȥȴͷмֶݡ
ͨЩĹ۲죬Ѿܹ϶ѩίʵĽҶЦԼϴ
һ㣬Բ١


310 ѩ
ѩڵֻСҲƭȥԣԲʲôıƼ
ˣͳ庮ѩ˵ĻǷϻ׷Ź
ţźѩ˵ѩɽ֮ϣ羰Σ
ѩشͷֻаɣû̫ע⡣
䲻䣿
䲻䣿ôܸо䣿Ҿ㲻㣬Ҳǳ֡
֮ɱ˲˰ɣΪʲôɱˣ
ߡ
ĿΪ˸Цɣ֮Լʲô
Ȼѩһһ㣬½֪
ô˵Ǹµ鷳Ӱ̿ͣ˵

ѩȻ̧ͷͻȻ
Ӱ̿ɱˣĿȷʵΪ˸Ц𣬵ڱ˲֪ܣ˻ɣȴû˿ȷѩӰ̿͡
Լղ겻Ȼ׳ʵ
ȻѾ¶һ·ҲܸоʲôˣѩɴͲٷϣȻ˵ұӰ̿Σߣ¼䣬ܹôģֻԼΪ˸Ҷ籨Һѩɱˣʲô
̾ҶЦĺֵܡ
ѩȻ˵Ҷ类ֽɱ򣬾ȻûʩԮ֣Ϊʼٸߵ׷Ź
Цȷǡһ¡̾Ϣ˵Цһֽܣȴһҵ³ίʵ˶̾Ϣ
ѩһҶֹһֽܣһ¹䣬𣡱˵Ӣ۴ҲΪ
޷˳źѩĻͷ⻰ҲЦȷʵǹ󣬲С֮УίʵǸֻϧѾˡ
˭˵ˣ˵ˡѩȻտڣ۾ͬͭһ
ԾϥһΨкɴ֮۾ϷζĶźѩ
ѩɫȻһְֻڽ֮ϣ˵ϣû뵽ǵΪ׻ˮƽ˵á
ǿȥɣôǴ𣿡
ѩϣҳʲôֻǻ˵ЦӢ۴أʴϸ𣿡
ǺһЦ˵
Ȼʹ˳Ĭˡ
ǣԽ㲻˵ѩԽûףŭô˵ˣ㲻ҵĻô
ҡͷȴ
ѩԽԽԼƺǷһ޴ĴͻȻŭڣŭȵҪɱ㣡
ϡһȻʣɷǼطƶɱӿȣ
ѩɱ˲ʱ˶㣡
ǲƹϣҲǲڶ֣ӲԼǲĶ֣ѩоֻһ£ɱͬھҲϧһҪסϴܣ
޾»һ֮ⳤգȻ䡣
ǽ޻أһɱľһ
ѩȻǵԪƷ֣򶥷֮ǿԲһһ֮Ԩ֮۴ʱƣǲϧͬھȴǺ˿ɼ򣬸ڵһʱ䷴ƴ˿̺ѩģ޼
һҪѩһһ޾ɭ»Ϊĳȥ
״ǳһ
벻ѩķӦ˼ңһ·ͬе֣Ȼ³¶֮ʹ˵Ȼ޴棻ؼǣѩ˼ʷȥ˷ĵز
Ƿĵزǲ࣬ҲǼ
ɱԼ֮⣬оȻûκ
ɱڣõôЦһӺһƮڼҵĽ֮лһźƮƮ죻ѩصɭȻȴûκһܹӴĽ
ѩˣȷʵѹǿߣɾԲ
͡ƴĹƣȫȻã
ѩۼԼǿȫЧһҧȻ߷ȫŭȵʯ٣
״ʱʧɫһţ
ʯ٣ǺѩһŶعһʩչ˵ʵһ˲ʮһȴ͸֧Ϊۣȫ꣬壬˲ʱȫںһ𣬼͸֧һԴԴΪԴ㣬һ
֮һйһ˼˵ľ֮УܷɱˣԼȴעҪһģ
ȻˣΪںѩ֮ϵǲҪ˵ܹסѩʮɱһģǿûмˣ
Ȼɵǣȴǡûмˡ֮еһȻѩ潫ʯóھԵʵǰҲоԵİտȫˣԺĻֱиɵѩ
ڵȴڣѩȻ˶⣬ںѩȴû˿ΣҪǣֻҪһзܹΣѩԼˣ


311 ô
һ־һҲԾȲ״
һ˵ҲˣҶЦֵܣΪҶЦ˵ֱĺֵܡ
ѩˣҶЦ
һΪˡ
Զ϶ֻҪѩĳ£ҶЦ֪Լ˭Լ֣һԾǲԭԼģ
ںѩħˣۣ׵Ĳܲˡ
ͻȻоһԵĺڡ
ԭһֱúõģԼؾû·Ҫ֤Ǽʲô
ⲻû¶
ѩɫ䣬֮ͻȻľ£
ʯ֮УѾڿʼˡ
һһ͵ͬѩûлͷ·ĻȪ֮ã
ǻԾޱȣκ˶޷ײ׽ãѩһʯȴǲڴ֮УԼ˵ƴںʲôĻԾ
ˣס֣ŭһ
Σ㶼һҪˣҲҪסܣһ·ɣѩɫԽԽףɫԽԽǱ
ʯһǱڳ֮ǰɢſֹ
۾˺죬ҪֱӳȥǿֹѩĶ
Ȼһȴעѩһֹ˺ѩУȻԱȫѩǺѩȣѩҪҲҪ൱صĴۡ
ϾҪֹѩУܡѩеȫͬҪ治ֿӲӺѩʮΪռһĸԶʤѩ״֮£ԾҪشۣ
Ȼʱ
ͻȻдһ뵲ƺʲôңԶĸ߿Ȼ׹䡭
˰æ֮͵ۿȥȴһӰֱ֮ˤ
ҶЦ
ǧһնͷΥҶЦȻ
ʱֹ̧ͣͷȥѩҲˣȻ˼ת񹦣ϲ̧ͷϴ󣿡
ֻУҶЦӴС󣬻ʯһ
ͬʱ״òҶЦ˼ʾڻ״̬֮Уάԭ״ֱֱ׹ֱҪײĿ
ȶһԾɣƮڿУ֣ޱõسҶЦıϣһӴ޴ĳʱϣ˹ֱ֮ȻĪǿƺһӡһ˫ԾҶЦ壬ǿǿֳһסҶЦΪĦ̫ң״ίʵ˼飬ػ
ǿʵ̫ǿȫʩΪǲȫ滯˲½ٶɣƲ
𣡡
һ첨֣漴һɰȻӿ֡
Ʈƹ߹񹦣
ҶЦѩһ·һֱԺΪڻ˼תѹ׾ʱ򣬳ֳȴǰ
ǿǿ֧֮£˼׹ʹֹͣ½Ʈһ࣬漴ҶЦ壬ƮƮ佫
Ǿܵ˿ƣԾĨһͷϵ亹ֻоһ²ѡ
ҿҶЦʱˣǳһ´˿̺ѩѾʯ֮С
Ѿˣ

ģ
ѩæشǰôô
֮Աٲ֮ǰ״
ŭһˤںѩͷϣ˶ôƴˣְ
ѩⱻΣŭϴһһ
ٸھͰϴˣ˵ܸɴв
еҶЦΪΪĺѩʱûƢץ˵۸Բѵʲô£ƮƹϾȻ
ߣһתͷĳ
ȴϽ̽ҶЦڵ
ղȻѾֽӴȴֱּ׹֮û˵ϲ鿴ҶЦǰ״ϸ֮£ȴҶЦûʲô飬ֻǺܵĻԶѣ֮ѹʱ˿૵ԩҡ
״̬֮еҶЦͻȻҩɽĲ㣬ɴӸ߿еһ˲ʵԾɻǻȻһ㡣
ȵסԼʱҶЦʱһǿϤожȻ
ǸůĻؼǡôϤ
СζҲġϤ
Ժ֮УҶЦʶô
̽ʱһֲһɣҶЦѭء顱һڵϡ


312 Ծ
һߵĺѩŭĿӣˤϴ󣿡
ɲ֡ΪʵȻֻʱ򣬼ȻǻǾֻ⡱ͣ
ʵûĳͣ˸ۣٿ˳ȥȥ߰ϥʹΡȻ·ûжһ㡣
ƵȻʵһŷȴ¶һɲǼˡ
ǳȥɴʱܿڵɫ죬ֱͬ˾һ㣬òҲЩˡ
ӡ
е͵͵ؽһ
һ㯡
Ȼмڵ˼
ǵһ£ڵǿܹԼ֣һӵС檡ѾͷԼ֣
⿴ƺֻ֮˵ȫûпɱԵѡֻҪˣͲѡߡ
λݺƶ˵ǿߣȴΪ˸е㯡ԥ岻
ѾЩˣԼıʶΪҪôѹ
֮ĵ׾Ǹǰߵģ
ѡԣģıʶԲͬڱ
ֻǣѡԣȻ֮⣬ȴδز֮У
׹¿࣬ĸ˫֮ͯʱԵʦȻ˺һ·˳˳ˮֻԼ֪Լһ·˶ټĥѣжٴǴԵ
һеҾһοһŮˣ
һ·һֱߵڵƶ֮ϣԼļ֮УͻƵõʦĿ佱ʱЦ֮⡭֮УĻЦĳһҲûмΡ
һУȱȴûкǻ
ǵڶʦߵʱ򣬶ʦмڴڽ̵֮ʱϿЦҲĸһ
Ȼ׶ʦԼڴԾȱ
Լ˵һֵʱ⣬ȻֻԼǲ壬ȫ޵һʱ䡣
ǶʱȻʱݸˣ˿Ϊ״ǸҶЦߵǶʱ⣬ȴԾĻЦӵ΢չˡ
谮
ԼϲʲôζϲʲôζӶǵ
ӸԼʲôѾߣǽԼˡãŮˡ
ζÿÿҹλأεһΣ͸ӻһΡ
뿪뿪ǸˣָоȻһȥ
һͻȻҶЦΥĵףôô뿪׷֣
ǣҶЦԼⷽȻѾԽԽˣиղһǳʶıܷӦǳĵ̽
顣
֮еҶЦͻȻһããȻ۾
֮£ʶһֵƫͷȥ
ֻϧôԶ׼һĻҶЦתȫȫϤרעҶЦĺѩĪ˵δҲ޶ã
ҶЦ۾һۿľǺѩЩԼ˴˼ඥʮ֣
ûУ
ҲòƻߴŻʮ֣
⵹Ҳˣ׵ǣȻԼһĴУϴôϴô㲻ҪҰҪҿô찡
է˵ĹĻҶЦһȥ
ԺУԼղŷǱ˻ôһ۳Լǰһˣ
һڰĽĻ
һ˲䣬ҶЦϣԼӦٶһᣬٰδȥ
ȫȻԼڸʲôĺѩｹĴУرʾŶҶЦĹػ
ҶЦ۾Ҫ͹ǿŤͷһʵܲĳ˵Ļ롭ѾĽ¹£ｫĭһ
ϸ¹Ƶģôʲô¶
ϴѣ
Ͻұû¡ҶЦƫͷУϽҷ
ѩæƽڵϣϴ㻹Ӽһ£״ˣûܵʲôˣ
ҶЦķŰʵղҵ˭סҵģ
һ࣬˵ֵܣ˭ȥס㣿
ѩ˵ʲôȴøоһɼԼɵü˸£ǰϴҽסġ
ҶЦɵĿģסҵģ
ѩ죺ǣҡ
ҶЦ̧ͷȻ֣Ȼںѩ૵סҵģ԰Щʲôأôоôء
ѩϼⶼƺҪЦȴֲңĵ׸Ȼ𡭡
ȻǺѩĻܹƪҶЦ⶯ͬ룡
ֻڳһĿҶЦ֮࣬ȴЩιȥ
쵰ʲô


313 
ڵһվιˣ׷ЩصòãҪǻ˵͸Ͻ˵ףĵǣһ£Ƿʲô飿澿ǸʲôղôģôҲǺѩһǿռϰˤ棬ϰˤ棿
һ⣬ʱתҶЦע
Ҳίʵ£ҶЦղȻ֣ɰ䣬ҲԼȫ֣żʱǹȻǹɳǿ۶ϣѩ㼰ʱӦȥ֣ҲܱҶЦȴɱ˫˫ˣҶЦԪƷС壬ֻǳನҲھˣΪȺˣкѩعƣһϢ߲Ԫɿ϶ܲˣ
һԾѣҶЦʱԼ֮ǰһϽӼ飬ֻԼʶ֮У֪ʲôʱ򣬶һʯ
Ҳ֪أԼߴһ̣ͻȻ͵رը
һȴ¾£ٶȱһʯ״ֻ̬һһɢ֮䣬֮ûɢô޾ռľռ档
ľռ䣬Ѿ֪ж󣬷һۿͷûб߼Ҳơ
ռڵҩ⣬ȫٵ״̬ҶЦһƳɨ˲䣬Ȼ֣Լ֮ǰջ񵽳ȫõһ𣬺ϹаĶϤһƬ֡
ǧԭѾΪԽľӨ͸߱ΪƷࣻµīоų궼ֳҰɫɫɫһ֣ȴǱˣЩīѾ߱˴ӳīתʸ
ǣһŶʱأ
Ҫֶ֪ƮƹȻǷƮƹȴ򲻸ұ¶ƹ塣
ҩüֵرߣҪȥŻб׷ļֵƫƫĽֹ³ͿԣҪĻԵֲĵصҲͲ࣬ͬĵҩɽĲҲû̫ĳī
ҶЦ֮£ҲͰĶңƷ໹һ㣬ȴ֪أԭƷһĳīγɵĿԽĻ£
ҶЦڳɱȻ֮࣬鵽Լ֮ǰµҲɱ֮ĿȻһҹһ룬ԵòԴ䣬ڣֱӷչʮɷԲԭҲڴϸǰкϱϸ
һѴɡΡȻ
ÿһƬҶӣ⡣
ճ֮ʱǽ֮ңΪʱȻݽ׶ΣʵȴѾгǧĲ䣬Ϊõ޾ռ̶֮䣬Ϳµĥ£ɱΪʵҿڣܹ֮ˣ
ڵ֮ȻѾǼֵʼ㲻裬ֻӦ˵֮裬پǧϴ񣬲ܳƵ裡
ǰ䣬ѾԽǧ꣬ÿһƬҶӵֻ¾Ҳ˶Զˡ
ֻȵҶӵɫ˽ɫǾģļɱ䣬֮裡
ǧ֮µ֮裬ǧݵǱ׼裬ݵ裬֮ˣ
νġǧģ
Ѱ٣ֲȻӵУȴмܹŲɼջ񣡾͵סȥɼǧݡ֮衱ȻֻҪһǧ꣬Ҫʱջ
ϾҪһΪ֮Ҫʱ⣬ڴڼ貢ʱƶƷʣ
֮裬Ѿ֮裬϶ֵûϲ飬ǡ
òЩ԰ɡҶЦֹһ䣺ռ֤ɱ裬Ϊ޾ռ죬ڼһŶ೤ʱ䣬㲻ɡôô̵ʱͳ˲⡭⻹ǳľ𣿵޾ռ˶컯ܣǱԵأ֮ǰûöѸٰ
ҶЦ˼֮ʣͻȻһͷʵ˵ʲô˵棬һ£
ѩסϴϴԼȻ֪㵽״˶ãҷˣ
ҶЦһãȻ治֪Ҳ챣Ȼһ·ԣֱղš
˵ͻȻס
ΪٶˣնƲһصһ
кĽķˣԼпռģ컨


314 ǧ
ǾʲôΪʲôǿߣ
Ȼֻһ룬ҶЦԸе£Ȼ
ǱߵһܲͷĿ˵ҶСܣôȻôĺͿ˵ѩȥҩɽĲ㣬ϧҩģ涺ټãջ񲻷ƣ֪ջ˶ٳأ
ȻǲѻĲݵơ
ҶЦǰԼһͬͬеĻ飬ƹĴϣƹȱģɾǳ֡
źīûвɵҶЦ治ɫĿں
ʲôʱ۾
ȻͷĿΪתƽ㣬ȴôҲû뵽һôʱ䣬ȻһīҲûŪ֣
ҶһֻǴڵ㣬ŪΪٳīƷ໹ףҶЦȥһ˶ûջ񣿣
īûУǳɵ˲١ҶЦգգ۾ĲŶ
Ծһ㶣һסʱӿһҪ˼һﱩһٵĳ嶯
ɵ˳Ϊ٣жأб۾һʮ껹Ǽʮꣿ
ҶЦܹɵʮ꣬ʮѾܲˡϾǷһҲûм
Լ֮ǰҲѱ£ȫһҲջʮѡȻѩѵĲ㴵úܿź˲ãҲûöȻҶЦڵĲջ׷ƽԼѾǼ˰ɣ
ʮꣿҶЦüҡͷôǲأ
Ҫ࣡ɴ۾ѵϰꣿвɱһϲǵܹϰǿɾĽƹȼü֮
Ʈƹĸԭ֮ػɾΪǰһʶ٣ϰ񹦵ˣӴǰ·ΪԽŹԽ
˳ֻīͿɶȹ٣Ҫſɻ٣һƮƹϼǿߣȴҪл٣
ֲѣһϵҩüֵߣ򲢲̫ӣƹ֮޳¼޳ʼղΪŵϤ
ͳīƹʵջ٣ǧ֮Ǹ߼ĳԵ̫ˣ㶼ʮ꣬еľ󲿷ֻȽҩɽá
ԾҶЦֻǻüʮĳǾѾֵ˼ʾҶЦ˵ĻҪࡣ
ҶЦԲ٣룬ƹٸ߲ĳϣԽ˽١
ͱ˳һ㣬Ҫһīܶȹ٣ȻЧīֹ߳ٱ߲㳤˷һɻ١
էҶЦ֮˵βϲ
ϰҲֹŶҶЦҡͷԡ
ҧݺݵǼꣿ
ֹҶЦһЦԵ
˹ȥ
һһθڣɶ˼ѵԴ˿סң
˵ˣ˵ɶҲţôһĲ㣬Ȼǧ
УƾҶЦ΢ĩΪҪ߶೤ʱ䣬һҵĪ˵ʧһ£һ룬ʮ꣬ҲδܹѰȫɣ
ǲʵ
벻ǣڵʵǣҶЦжĳ
ʵϣĿռԭĿ൱ƣɫӳڵĳǱһֱڿ£ҩɽĲæµϸ޵óǧȫĲڻ£
ãͻϡ
ʹ㣬ж٣ҧгݣԷҶЦɱԽǰ϶顣
ۿλϾȻѾҪ۵ӣҶЦίʵҲټЦǳȼĸ߼ҶЦȻδض󣬵ƮƹǿƿɱڣȻ˳µ飡
Գһ£ٺһЦ˵ôҲһǧɣҲûϸĿ²ࡣ
ҶЦղų˼ڹ̬õ׸ó٣Ͼһó̫࣬òҲʣ˵ͨͽ¶ˡ
ԾʱԵ׳һǧµĿĵӦǲ಻ٲϲµĿɣ̫˷
ⲻ֪ҶЦж˾޴
Ȼ֪ƹȱֶҲ֪ƹش
ƹν죬Ȼδָһŵĸ߶ȣȴҲ࣬ұ¡˳ᵽ˷񹦡ר޴һķҪٵòƲǺܶࣿ


315 ͸㣡
ҶЦţģƮƹĿǰǿάȥġ
һǧĿòƲ٣ȴӦòܹγ̫𺳡
ҶЦȴ֪飬ƹʵ״νѾȥɽˮĵزҪ˵һǧ꣬һֽ꣬׶εƹԣҲһʽ˼Ŀ
ؼǣǳǳī
һǧꡭĿֱӾͶЩѣˡ
һǧꣿôôࣿôôࣿ
һòϴ˰ɣѰİ˳
òΨܲܽô׵֣
ȻĶԣҶЦһǧĳΣҲҪһᣬȴָƮƹδǸϽȷΪã
Ҳţһ
Ҿ֪Ͽ϶ţԣ׼ˣһСҶЦ˵һ·ͬУԮֶ࣬νԵЩɾ⣬Цɡ
˵գ֣һһöɫĹӵĿռָ֮С
ɣܸɴֽӹȲĴһ

״̲סһ
ΪͶȻܹһɼǰ¶𶯳̶֮ˡʵҲȷʵˡ
򿪿ռָһ˲䣬Ѿָ֪ռʲô
öġ
ŵɨӣȷɣһǧ
޻٣
ǵŵһɫ󣬻֮Уƺ˸žӨĹ⻪
⣬ǳʲô
ǣﲻһ꣬ʮٰ꣬ʮ꣬һǧ꣡
ֳס
õȷϵһ̣ҲסĴסˡ
⡭ȻġһԲԼʶӦһУʶľҪɴ۾ȥ鿴
㳬ǿߣѾϰʶ£һ̣Ҫȥȷһ£
˿ҶЦҲע֡
Ȼһ̣ԭסָ֣ղŷѾΪùǽڷף˼ȴɿˡ
ȻǳôĶࡣѾָƽнöлҶֵˡ
һ˴˹ϵ죬ǰҶЦĳƺҶС֮ƺϷʸһȻ׺񣬵ϻһӸµζڵҶСֵܣȻֻһ֮ȴƮƹϵҶЦأ˫λƽٲ֮ǰĸ֮⡣
ôʽĳƺȴֽǲȻ׺ˣһʱ䣬˵ҶЦ̬Ǹˣֻ߷Զˡ
ʵ֮⣬ȴ֮У֮ǰҶЦ֪˭ȴ֪ҶЦ˭˴˹ϵ죬ȴ׺ҶЦֻԣұ¶ѣȻ˼ʣҶЦһͳǧĳڱǿᡢʵ򽥽ʽ΢ƮƹԣĪݣΪƹϣ˼ʾ˽ҶЦҪƹ̬ȣҶЦ㹻أ
ɣһҶЦԾȻ
µķչ仯ίʵѲ⣡
ʵ̫ˡҶЦӣϿȴЩźġ
Ȼûܿϵݡ
ȻҶСֵܳͣƹشҲֻкˡЦЦ󷽵˵ֻƹҶСֵ˺δ֮
ҶЦϿҵ˵һ·ͬУȻֻ壬ѾޱȰġֵܶģ֮
ЦЦû˵вһԵꡣ
Լһ·ͬеĿģγΪ˳
ڵõôԼȴҲûɣ뿪ȥˡ
ƹǱߣĽõҩԼ˽
һ𣬺ʱٻ᣿
ӣҪôҡҲûʲôٸˡ
ۼ˶Իһ䣬뺮ѩȻ׷ҶЦйصҩɽ飻£ҶЦԼû׷ôʲô飬ȴ˵
ǰ״ԣҩɽòѾԼˣԼˡ
ǰأƣԾȻǰݣ
Ȼãʵڡ
ôأ
ҶЦһˮ
ȴҲֻܽЩ˼飬⡢ŵĹЩܵĪֶΣ
˵ҲĥЩʱ򰡡
˽һ·ͬУȻĬĬԡ
һֱ߳ϰ;ȻѪɢ˾Ӧϸӣɳݴ֮УҲһЩʰĹƬ
Ȼһս
ڷ˲ʱ֮󣬾ȻѪȻ


316 һ
ǳʲô£ҶЦʵ
ʲô£Ҷʲôҹҧһëѩ˸ۣǳĵһ죬ʹһ췭ظǶǸ󡭡ֻûЩйЩ°ˡ
ҶЦʶĿЦһ¡
˵ʵڻڶҶңԼҪԣһʱ仹ûö⡣
ǣҶϾ
Ҷô˵ҲԼϵĸףңǶԼɽģԼ޶ǻˡֵһƲһô
ǰһСӡ
ǾŰɡҶЦ˵
ʵ˵ؾҶլչųȫ·ĻѩҪͺʵҶЦԾɲһӾܸϵҶЦȴڴʱѡͣ£Сš
УȻԾ
Щζ
ҲãλһٷǾҪֵδ֪ٻڡ˵
ȻȴһβסȻ
ҪߣԣҶЦ뺮ѩͬʱתͷ
ǺЦЦ޲ɢ֮ϯ˵صĿģ޳īѾõôĳʵǳԤ֮ϲлΣþٸϻȥôΪɾ
ŬĿԼԼֳһ䵭ԶһĲ顣
Ժ󽭺ԴӦҶСһ£ֻҪܼ֮£ȻȫΪס
ɴ֮۾ֱҶЦټ˿˵һ䣺κ£
һ˵ߴţ
⻰֮еİʾ˵ѾԵˡ
ֻҪ˵һ仰ĳҰ㣡Ұ㣬ȫɱ⣡
¾ҵ£
⣬ֽҶЦĳνתΪҶСܣȴɽݳŵ˸߲ΣҶСֵܳƺƮƹŵҶСܳνȴǽݳŵ˽˽˳ŵŵķνأ
ϧݽ׵ĳŵҶЦȴƺʲôû΢Ц˵̫ллˣԺʲô飬Ȼæġ
ѩԲüͷ
ҶЦ仰˵Բԣʵ̫ˡ
Ȼѩδ֪ݳŵķȴҲףҶЦİԼ˳Ҳ˲ְæģ
죬ˣʲôˡ
һҵҰæҵĳŵԶЧ
Ҷĳڴл⣬ֻҪҪһȥġҶЦЦţͳȥôĺöôʩһأҲ޿ɺǵġ
էšʩ֣һ㶣ҶЦԵǡʩʱ֪Լ顣
ҶЦ˼ʼȻĿŵĵ٩ԼǾǰԼ̬ȣνġʩδǡʩ
еĹӣ۲䣬ﵽû취ܾ㲻Ը⣬Ҳֻܽܣ¿һףôΣҶЦҲܵġ
ǷӦþǣҸΪҸˣΪҪңҪôôּۻ֮Ҳõôĳ
ʩĳԣγںĻرҸҵһƬ⣬ҵİãǲǽס
벻Ҫýҡ
ȻҪóŵرҵ⣬ǴҵҲͲҪȥˣ
֮в˽ףͲٴ⣬֮꣬棿֮ϧ
Զæģ
̾˿ĵͷǣ˵˻֪ͼ⣬ȴһ仰˽һ㣬ҶСܵίʵһ£Դ֣صǸ
ӣҶЦסˡ
ȻΪ˴µǸ
ÿ˶Լ뷨ҶЦ£óŭǸþԼ֪ôʶ̧ô
ʲô
ⲻҶЦЩˡ
һ·ϣҶЦܹеľ쵽֮ĻԣȻ𽥵ʧֻǣ
ҶЦ񹦵Ļ»첻
ҶЦƶ⣬ȻԼйϵĿǰȴߡ

ϡ
ͣСķׯȻνķׯһҲֻСѡ
֮һֱĳȥµпȫӴ
ƹĶԴȴǴϲ
ɰ뱲ӣҲδ׬һƽ˽һ⣬һӲóˣС͹Ŷûϵвͬĵ
¸ʹ˻Ԥȡ
ҶЦһҲ˳Ƶ˼ˡ
⼸ˣһ鵴Ϊ⼸ҳȫں½ԵĲˣÿһ⼸ˣüЦ
Էʱǿⲻȥ⼸ˣżԵҲǳֹڵ˲䣬ȴ޾ͷ


317 
ҶЦ뺮ѩ˵Ǻ޹˼ɣںȾƳ⣬̸ۡ
ֻǣȴܹĹ۲쵽ҶЦÿÿӹ⼸˵ʱ¶һӱᡣ
иɬѡ
У֪ٴԼݣ˵ôԷ
ѵΪԼжô˲
빫治ʶҪװŸ߸ϣӸ£㵽ڸʲô֪ڸʲô
ǴѾ֪йٴˣȴҲĲԼݡ
ȻûзԼıľȻԽԽΪڸмıֻ˵ҲǴڸмֻںΪһǱһˣҲ֮ġ
ֳõ˼̹ĵĸ飬Ѿ𽥵ռλ
ϣҶЦ鿴һԼ˶˰ٶĶĳ֮⣬жջ񣬵Ųһռ䣬ͱһ޷ֵľУԺľ˯˹ȥ
һҹ޻
ԣӦҶЦ΢ĺһҹ
úѩһҹûۣĵǡ
ϴ״̬Բ԰
ȻҶЦǰΪԾɲߣԪ߽׳Ҳ˯ôɣ
ʵϣڸڵҶЦ˯һ㣬֮⣬ʲôķӦûˣѩιĸһЩֵֹĶҶЦҲȫûӦȫȻ
ѩĹһҹŲոռܵҶЦķҡ˺һŽҶЦѡ
磬û°ɣѩһĲ˼顣
ҶЦһֻо棬㣬״ֱ̬üˣ˵ʲô£û°õúܣ
ѩһ߳ȥ
˳緹ʱҲû¶棬˵ǰţûеõӦŽȥһһˡ
춼Ծ룬ޱʹùĺۼ
Ȼ극֮󣬾Ѿ뿪ˣûҹ
ˡѩ˵
ˣҶЦͻȻоһȻʧ
ôϢˣ
һһᣬȻҲΪϢˣû뵽Ȼҹˡѩ˵
һ᣿ʲôˣҶЦתͷע׷ʵ
ѩʱһΡ
ʲô֮ǰһСй¶ܣ˼ұȥˡѩȻ棬ԼĴֻǿ˵ҲûɶһЩ绨ѩ·顭
ҶЦζġŶһѹһ·Ǳ˴ԣԭˣû뵽ֶ˹꣬Ҳ𣿣
ҶЦȻˣѩĿҶЦڴͷɥ˵ϴµ̫ˡ
ֱûٶˣǡҲ̫˰ɣ
ưͿֻԼˡ
ҶЦһЦеʱȻ
ԼԼġǱͷҲʹʧӰ١Ǳô뺮ѩ˵ʲô绨ѩ£
˵뷨ĿԱ޵Ľӽ㣬ǴԼĳ롢һԸ֮Ĳ죬ʵ̫ˡ
ѩп˵
ҹܣһļӦѩɴƴҪЮҶЦвĲ㶯֣ǲ֪֣һù˻˭أ𣿣
Ǻѩʵˡ
ΪһùһֻನҶЦѩβȻв֮䣬Ч˷вȣ
ҪЮ޹ֻðٰ㰧棬㰧ɿڣѩǩ֮ˣӦλȴĴĴӦܡ
еĿ˵
汻ϴ֪ˣЦԼŹ֣ԼⱲӲ̧ͷˣ˵ˣϴ֪ԼΪһСı˻˵ܲŻˣ²аͬ飬ֻӱ䱾ĽѵԼ
飬ζ˵˵
ѩа¶⡣
Ů˸ϴԺӴĻԲ࣡
Ҳһһᣬٻأ
صסصġ
ҶЦҪȥ۾һɨȴϣѹһűֽš
ҶЦ߹ȥֽ
ȴס
Ϊ澹ȻûκֻּһԲԲīգȻĿ
֮⣬һֶûС
ͺǡһץëʣմīֽ֮ϣãҲ֪Ҫдʲôëϵī֭Ȼ䡭մȾһֽ
ȻûκּҶЦһīգȻֽܹܵʱӦҪдʲô
˺þãȴ֪дʲôôʱһìܵ֡
ìʲô
ҶЦڲ²⣬ȴ²κͷ


318 ȥ
ˣӻҪҲҪԣҶЦҧڵͷԾٶȿʼ̽ʶռ䣻ûԼ컹ܹǿʯľռһо󣬽ôͲܿء
ǣһӴʶռ䣬ּ̾ͱһԿϮҶЦ֧֣಻ֵֻƬ̣һͷϣ˯˹ȥǿͷûüȥ
զˣѩһ
ϽҶЦУٰ̽飬ȴȷû¡
Ψһǣۻ򺰻Уҡ壬Ļ沿ȫȻ޸У
ѩԴһĪչֻһİ̾
ҶЦĵǰ״ѩνǰ˼⡣
ҶЦΪѩл΢úܣܻӵԪƷϵʵʵף겻˯Ҳȵز
춼״
˯Ҳڴôĺࡣ
׵ǣ˯УȻΪߵĻɥʧˣ
ҶЦǰ״̬ѩܻɣһߣܹƿҶЦģҶЦԲ£
ѵϴڵĲ㣬Ȼгʲô㣿һ״֮²ֻ֣Ҫĳͻǰ״̬֮У
ѩƫԴȥ˼Լ֪ײףŲŵ㴫˵񻰡¡Ŷ飬ȷϣ֮⣬Ҳ벻Ŀˡ
ҶЦĺ࣬ѩշת࣬޴룬һڿ˼ã״϶£þȴǣ˭ܹ
ôҪҪȥҹҽǸϼһ
ҪȥҵĻҪóʲôܴ򶯶Էأ
ҪǸϹ֣ͦ鷳һ¡
ȵҹʱȴҶЦĺ𽥵СˣľȻɴûˡ
ѩۼ״˿
ҲߴſܡϴֻЩܹԼת
ǲƬ̹⾰Ѿ޵ĺȻֽһ˸߹һˡ
ѩԴ״⣬޷¾ľʹ˱ҶЦȥҽҶЦ˯һᣬϾ֮ǰҲһ˯ȻҶЦѶ˯һ֮䣬ҶЦԼڵһʱѯԸپһĶ
ºѩ뿪ҶЦķ䣬䣬Сעһж

ҶЦĺ࣬˯ȫʵеһС
źԽԽ죬Ȼʱ򣬳ĴͻȻϢĴˣһӰû˿Ʈ˽
˵¾Ʈ֮ȫ˿Ʒһ˲ǵ㳾𣬰˷粻ȫעνߵĺѩҲȫûз˿
˽֮󣬵һʱ˻֣һϽѴ˳ȥ
һĺѩҶЦĺ˲ʱС˺ܶࣻ˸ٺĽϣޣҶЦȫڽ֮ڡ
һҲ͸¶ȥ
ˣĺѩһ㶯Ҳˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼⷿ죬һ֮磬Ҳһġ
粼ϣӰƮҶЦǰվס
һ˫ĵӳճյעŴ˯ҶЦӣþò֮Уʼһֵŵζ
һִŮ㡣
ӰҶΪѾȥ
֮ǰҶ˴Ǳȷʵ뿪ľģ뿪֮Ѿ߳·̣뾹Լǲˣһ۷
Ҫָ𣬵ԼֻһŰֽ
òû˵ף
ɣ˵Լֻˡ
˿̣ۿҶЦϵشࡢ˯ԼǰȻȻ״Ҳüͷв뺮ѩƵĲ²⡣
̾˿ŲߵߣڴأҶЦ˹ָܷܷϸ̽顣
ûʲô顭ô£üͷĵԡ
ȵַ߰һҧԼȥ̽ʱڷ˶ߡ
ѵ̫߲ε޷ɣ˯״̬ˣȻ귴״̬㣣ôȹ״أ
۽ʶȻǺѩɱȣҶЦ˿Ȼ״Ȼ˼֪üͷ󲻵⣬޲ߡ
ֻǺѩ֪ҶЦǰ״̬ԵΪһǿӰ죬ֳһֲؾۣڳɢؾۣ飬ٳ𵴣ٳɢؾۣ顭ܶḶ́


319 
ֻ̣仯ʵ̫Ѹ٣ۺѩ޷仯ʲô
ңֻǹǿķȫ֮ȶҶЦҲͻת̸ǰһΣɣҶЦǿнӴʶռ֮еĲȶܣ⵽ܷɣ겻ȣ뿴Ƴ˯״̬
״̬ҶЦδѩжϵһ㣬һȫʵظоƺһӰԼߡ
õӰԼްȫĸо
ҶЦĴ˼ʽԴ״̬֮Уʶ
ȷϣȷҶЦûʲô£ԳճյĹһᣬҪ뿪ʱ򣬺֡
ʱһ֡
ڳ֮еҶЦط˸һֻֽܵ˹ס֫
ӵʱһһ¡
ҶЦȴΪһӵĴƻøȷʵĶ֤˰𵴲쳣״̬Ժ֮УܵĻֱһѱסҪߣ
״ʧɫת֮䣬񹦣ƮƹķλӰһָҶЦĶͷϡ
ˣԾΪԼΰɡ
ҶЦȻ۾ȻֱһϮ£Լǰƺһõİ֮Уã޺
ƺʱܹɢټ
ȻΣĪҪĪҪѣҲΣҪ߰ҶЦ˵ӣ
һһ޲ҶЦʱľȻ֪ΣҲҪ˵ҲҪʣȴ¾Σ˼Ƭ۵ĻҲʧȥˣ
ԾôޣȴƮ𣬾еŮ̾Ҫһ顣
ֻҪ˿ˣҶЦͻ˯ڵһжΪΣȻ޺ۼ
ҶЦ͵վһѽαסŭΣҲߣ
һŭǳѻߣʷֵǿԵȴ·֣Զٻڣ
Ȼ֪ͽ֪ͣ飬вʵһ㳢ԣ
ͻһӣסҪʱҪȥȴҶЦԽԽһ̣һŴ죬ͰԵظԼСϡ
жȻԾɬɫ֮ʣȴоԷֻ֣Ѿѭգһ˽ȥԼϿߣ
ȻˣΣҲҵŮˣҵŮˣͲߣ
ҶЦԵơ
дһУʱһȫ˲ʱ۹룬ʹҶЦУƺȻû˹ͷһ㡣
ΨһоֻǰԵ촽ڲϵȡԼȫ֮أֻǽı۾ֻоα⿪ȥž͸оԼĽ˴ϣϷһ˫ѹ
벻ԼλӰڶԷѻߵ״̬ʩչȻôӵĺ
벻ǣҶЦ֪Լε£Ǹӵ޼ɵΪ
ԩҡ۾оǿ׳壬ԵѹԼϡ
Υĸо٣֪ǷУֻǡڴ
һҹ籩ꡣ

峿
ҶЦ˯תãһᣬͻȻѿڽе
תͷһʲôˡ
ϹȻɸɾĳζʲô޴ӷֱ档
һ紺޺ۣ
ѵҹֻһΣɸоʵҶЦʶüͷ
ҹУѻߣõҶЦԾԼ˵Ǵ£Ǳʶ֪֮Ρԣһнеø޼ɵΪ
ܶԼǰֻƣֻǴ֮еֶΣҲ˳
ϡǵãǾѩ׵Լ²ϵرԼŪһЩ߳ܡݵƣҲԼܲ˵İ˳
һҹҶЦĸо֮оǳĳ۳ңŪǾ龡Ļ䡣
һαʱҶЦһԼԺ֮бըֲҲΪ֮ļ¿С
ΡδҲ̫ʵһЩɡҶЦü˼˵޺ۣش˼ʺʲôǵءֻһΰ
ĳ˺Щʳ֪ζζ촽ааЦҲ֪ʲôʱټҪܹϵ·һΣǲĲ
ҶЦֱ׼𴲴£һ͸оԼ֫ȻЩʹӡ
ԺλһΪˡ尡ҶЦ϶ĵͷһξˣҪ浶ǹĶ˵ʲô̶ȣɫ޹ǸֵԲ顣


320 һ
æ˹ָ߲һй㼴طԼľ֮ƴǳһ㼱Դݿ֮ƿܱ
ĸоȻ֮ǰûйĿͣ
ԲۣҶЦһæͣ£ôô£ҵΪôһҹ֮ÿǰˣʲô
ֱǲ˼顣
ɶҲûҶЦЩãôӣɶҲûܹ̫˰ɣ
仰»Ὣ쵰һ٣㻹ɶûѾ̫ˡ
ѵΪռʯȫ˵Եô
ҶЦֻоȻֱϣ˲֮оѾʮ¥ȫͨһ֮䣬ȻѾǼʮϣ
ԪأҶЦӼ͹˳
Լòƾ˯һȻʹԪƷ˾Ʒ
¼䣬Ȼ£
ңԼڱ֮еƫ򼫺ԵԪܣȻѾӽ֮
ȻԼλڤļ֮ϴΪͬʱת֮ԻԱڱ֮ʼͬûʲô磬ڼôͻȻôأ
ҶЦоԼֻҪ񹦳ǰԪܣͻԪ缫ޣԪһƷĲΣ
漣ҶЦвһ
ȻԼ̫̫飬ڷԼϵȴԾ⡣
ֱӾǲ˼飬˼֪£

ǧ֮⡣
һ뵺ɽľï֮ٻӰƾճ֡
ʹĺΣԼȣ޺޵ؿԼһۣ૵쵰ôǿֱͲˣޣޣ޲ǡһ߲·
ǿ뿪һֱڣ嶼ģġ
·ϣȶڷƮ
״̬κһսμĿսҲƣͶȴﵽϣ˵˵ǻ쵰޲綼ᣡ
ǣһϵ飬ֻһƬκ죬ߺΡ
ѧˡ
Щζ벻ƣԼһİڳҶЦǿĽ֮£ûκεķֻ֮ƾڲ۳ҡ
ֻһ뵽֣ǸоԼߵʹȥ
һֱ߸ϵԼ뵽ôһ죿
Ūƫƫ𷴿֮ġ
һжԼĪõḶ́
ĵģҹһУ׷ԴԼҵģԼɵģ
Լûвᣬͷȥôᷢ£
Լû񹦿λӰôҶЦ˵޼ɵôķй
ԼЩΪԼЩǹֻӳԻʲô˵òҲ˵ˮů֪
ԼЩֱʹȥǿϢҲһ飻ֽʰһ飬ͼڴϡ
ҶЦæߡ
һֱڣǧ֮վסϢʱȻֻܵζƮƮȻû˿ƶ˵ĹŹָо
ԩң㵽׽ҵʲôҧЩκŮ˶о߳ܵƣͨ죬ȴ֪
ôţȴ룬˼
ԼԼģڱƺ̧ͷһʱռ˼άλߵţǹӵС檡ôҶӦõġҲǿĵġ
ġ񹦣ѹȥ쳤Х
Хֱ죬漴Ƽƹ
ףʲôˣ˲Ծĵط
ҵΪ־һ鿴ԼͻȻóһۣɵôһ
ҹһҹƣǵʵ𲢣棬ĸҲ൱صģȴֻԼĸΪԪܱʵǰٳ߸ͷһ仹δ˵һȫµľ磬ȴǰԼ߳һ࣡
ǰΪΣۣ֮˺ųһ˵䷨֮⣬޿֣ڣԺ½֮پʵδؾͲ䷨ֻ˲棬۶ϡ
ʵδﵽߣҪٽһ죬Ƕδ£Ҫһ£ľԵ˵ȵأȱһɣٲά裡
Ǵ˼ʣһҹ֮ԼôͰٳ߸ͷһأ
Ȼ൱С˵һţǶ䷨޷սʤ֮ƽֿ϶ûΣ
ǣԼôһҹ֮䣬˹أ
һҹԼ˸ǻɶɶɶɶҲûɱİ
ѵΪ¶
ɫ˫ԽԽ죬Σɫɷ
֮󣬲ٴƹڰкХȥ
ò˶ãһ


321 ҶЦì
ҶЦһ̤ţԼſȥĺѩϴˣôû°ɣˣ
ҶЦͷһͷˮĵʲô£ʲô˵ʲôأ
û£治ˣѩ۾
Св˯þΣ͵ģҶЦһ죬ŭҲһζѣôС֣
ΣѩӼ͹˳ɶף˵һΣһֱ⣬զһ㶯ûأӦð
ҶЦ߳ŭѾûꣿвӼѾС
ѩ˵Ҳ֤ԼҹһΣҪһˣСˣĺѩ֪֤ܲȴҲ״ݻҶЦ಻Сϣ߳ŭһʱڲԣ˵˵
ססҿûȺãȺã⡭ѩͶӵضҶЦͺ´½һ㣬͵صԲ۾
ҶЦҲ֪ԼղſڲԣҲֲúѩ˳ƶΪǺѩôԼĵôҲģѾĿûУٿӾİѾ·˿񫣡
ǣϴˣҲڿǡòȷһ£ѩһɸߣͻͻĹĳԲۣϴ㾹ȻһϾͿԽƷףѵǳ˴ҩˣ
ҶЦ˼Ȼ֪ԼˣǸĳ˻ɶϹ˵ƤЦⲻЦ˵ôУ
ѩͬһ˻ӣҿȻĳԴҩˡⲻΰɡٶȣûþܸˡ
ޣ˵ΪԽƷףôĳԴҩʲôϵõųôǵΪ㡭ǸԶѿƵãҶЦƲƲ졣
ǰ˴εĻ⣬ˡ
ԭΪСʲôоԼϴ󶯾ˣôѩѾһûӸղеˡ
ˣʱôű˲֪Լ˽£ȷ˱Ĳ֪Ҫڱ˲֪Լĳĳ׳٣̳ҶүĪ
ֱ˳緹ںѩĿ֮£ĳû˯
ϴǽ߲ߣѩʵ
һ롣ҶЦЦһ
ϴʵҲ֪˼֪㻹Խܵǰ״ѩ˵ʵҲý
Ŷ˵ҪôҶЦʵ
Ҫ˵ôҲռ˼Ҷӵ塣ѩĵ겻ͬ廹Ǹ壬ѪǵѪ˼ҵĶӣһ㣬޷ϡ
֮λûҶӣҶңҲļҡ
ѪԵǣȻȷɾʲôλʲô߶ȣҲע޷Ĩɱ
ҪٸףΪǰ;ҲҪϣǲϣħɣҲܲһǰС
飬ҲҪġѩ˽ۣԣϴ԰ɡ
ҶЦЦһҺγ֪˵Щѵ᲻ģЩֻ˵ҲЩ
˶٣һ˿ɬҶԼֵܣҲ֪ǰЦһ¶ֻ˵Ӥ޸Ե֮ˡ
ȻҲйԹԣҲйƽǡѩһ죬ҵǰĸȴֵԣĸ˭ҵĸĸǱǴˣξ񣿣
⡭ѩĿࡣ
⣬û
ԸĸĸҶЦյ˵ǣҲܽܰɣԼӣǱ˵ӣȻ顭
ҶЦ̾˿һʱ侹֪ô˵ȥˡ
ѩ۾ͬҲһƬҡ
ȸӹҲоû˿ͷԡ
Ҳǰĸĸءѩ֮󣬲ôһ仰
ҶЦ۾һƬ
磬ϸ룬ǰǴһ˶һֱԪƷ۷壬һ˶£ѩȻдǿһ൱£ǰĸĸʮа˾Ųʲô֣ҪǸҪԼӣºִѰٹ䣡ȻǣôǶѾˣ
ѩԽ˵Խ˳ܽԣͲþᡣ
ҶЦĳԼĸĸ뷢ȴַó̾һҺγ֪˵ҲϿ˵ɣҲ֪ΪʲôֻҪһǵʱ򣬾һָоҺ˵
ǾǡǻûҶЦɫһַǳƶͷ޷ĥ𣬴δҡԼ֪Ϊʲô̬


322 ռ仯
ڲڲǡѩ㲻ΪǱߣӲΪǱ߰ɣ
Ҫ˵ɴŲͺôһһӦǰ״Ҫĸ׵ʱ򣬵ʱ˵
ѩһԳڣоԼһ⣬ɵմմϲҾһţȻܹĳô⣬ԼҪĽʺҾȻôвŻôǡ
ҶЦķ˷ۣ̾˿ĿǰҲֻˣһһӦǰ״Ϊȡ
Ĭ
ҶЦһԲ£ʶֿʼ޾ռ䳢ӡ
죬ֻҪһԾ˯ȥ״ҶЦࡣ
һΣֻǷֳһһ˿˿΢
Ҫ⵽ɣֱܲ˯ɣ
ǣҶЦԤϵǡ
һΣȻ˳ľͽȥˣ
ĿȿıǶڵϴѾһ˹ֱӶѳһɽԲݴʵСɽһɽ
ռֱģֻĿϸ꣬Щɫϸ꣬һоڣʲôˡ
һµʱĲһ飬ռѾȫҲûнռҩǶѻɽ
ռҩȫȡһСչ鼺һ󲿷֮ôǶ̫Ծʵʵ̫࣬ղȻޣгؼޣҩɽĲĳҩأޣ治£ڵڿռԲĸ񵤱ضǣִּ㣬š
ҶЦӼ˳
ԴòƾʹûֶһȻҲڷܡ
оǣҶЦظоϵѩë˿̸ԾӨһƬ֮У˸߲ʵĹ⻪
ȻЩҩĹУͬǵõݵĺô
ҪȻĸԣڿ졣
ʵҲȷʵˣڶԣһ߻һ߻񵤣νѵĽʳ˶Լ࣬ô
⣬ʮ۽߾ȻҲˡ
һϵƬ⣬Χ˵ѾƤȻϰ١
һʮߡ
״Ҳ˵ǿƴ߻֮£⼸ÿһǽĴΣ
ϡǣ۽ĴνµɣСǸģһʼ״νһΣԭһȦνʱȴԽԽСˡ
͵ǰĿ⣬۽Сֻø첲֣һɳ̡
Ȼ˵С磬ٱ֮ǰѾС౶
ͷĽڸĿ⣬Ȼ߲ʱһù
ҶЦ۲죬⼸۽ߣһսֻ¶Ѿڵ۽֮ϡ
ҶЦಡһ͵ǰ־ߣź
˼Զǣɣô൤
ƨҶЦһƽ˸ͷҺģû࣬ϴҲ˽˺üƿ㲻˵֮װã룬ôɢô£˵ɵʲô
֮£ŭ״һָֻţȻָҶЦȫͶҪģͷû£̫صˡ
ҶЦһҪ룬֮ڣҪǲ֮ܽװƿŪãȫϱǩĻҾжľռԼռϵ㿴Űɣ
ʱͷɥһӳ࣬۰װ׵ĳҶЦСȵһŮҼɱȺ
ҶЦŮҽʵǷѣȫĳװ
ۼԼЧֻ޿κεؼˡ
Сʰ㡣ŶͷɥͷβԶССӰҶЦ¶ЦֻЦݳ
תȥųչֳüɫ衢緢һеն
ҶЦиˣüЦôĵ񵤡ҵûöٺô
Զе۽߶һּС̬̲ţ״ĳˡ
ЩеʵۣҶЦκβǣһϣɸ㶨ҶЦǣڶ֮£Ǽ֤ҶЦǿѹĸ̬֮ȺߵóȻʵܿ£ٱڸµĽۣԴ˼òƱȹԱҪԱ
ҶЦּܹΪĵӽʩʩȻλεľռ䡣
һȥһƳȴһ
⣬ľռô


323 кܶ
ۿȥĿ⡭ﲻҩɽĲ
ȫһģһ
ԭľռȥˣ
ľռɲûа
ȻҩɽĲҪԭеľռҪܶ࣬ľռܳɫıǳԼǷѾİѵĲеĳȫھľռ˭֪ǵĲ㾹ȻԶԾԷ޾ռ֮ڣôʲô˵
Һܺô
ţҾˣгʧȥˣҪʧȥˣǿǵòʧˣ
ҶЦ˺þãһҵľռ䡣
ȽҩɽĲ˵Լľռ̫Сˡ
ҿӣľռȫĲͬˡ
Ȼ¡ҶЦ档
޾ռľռԣȻᱻĿռͬ׵ǣĿռ䲡ûгֱͬļޡ
˵ĳľռӾŴռ
ոȥʲôܰ쵽أ
ĿռȫûӰ졣
ֵǺεȵľȷƣ
ǰʵܵҩɽѾȡԭľռ䣬Ϊµģģ¡ľռ䡭ֿô˵
Ϊľռ䣬Ծɾԭľռܡ
ҶЦͷʵͬʱȴַһµ󡪡ԴԼľռ֮ЩԭҩɽĲĻɫ¡¡ӿ޾ռ
Եģ޾ռЩѾȫҺ״ɫҲɽ֮Ƴľռ䡣
ɱɣȴǽȻ෴֮УȻֺ罻ҲƵľֱһ㣬˺һӡ
ҶЦԸоֱ˴к֮ȻԭеҪǿ࣬ھȻǻȷ档
ܹȻӦҩɽ֮ϡҶЦ˼⡣
ʲôطȴҪѰңɲ֮ͼ֮
ҶЦ仯ľռ䣬ҲҩɽĲ㣬ʼα仯
еҩһһҩҩ˴֮䣬μ뻮һȫ滮֮ҶЦ˳ȥоԼΪѾԪƷ۷塣
ֻҪһᣬͻԪޣԪΡ
˼ʺѩһߡ
Ҳû뵽ҶЦ˵붨붨кҲ
붨˯˯Ļѩֻ¾ҪҶЦȥҴˣ
ۼҶЦ붨ѩʼԹ˵ϴ󡭡ûôġ
δ䣬ǰȻ߰˸ƿ
ʲôѩʵ
ѩҶЦһȻȽ϶ʵ̣һΪʶǻʵĵԪƷǿߣȻֻһƳܲ߰˸ƿ֮ǷƷ
Ƽ鵤ҶЦģ˵쵤ÿʳһſӰΪԶηãЧۿۡ
ѩӵʱͻͻĹ˳ѿʧ
һһٿšҶЦ㽫ЩȫӦþܴﵽԪƷ۷ˣȻҸڴ˳һԪΡ
ѩ
⡭ģ
ð֮бĺѩʵ쵤Ƽĵ쵤ظãЧòۿۣҰ㣬ܲôװƣƼĵ쵤ظãЧ϶ǲۿ۵ģܲܲҪ˵赭дأҺ£Ҿ壬ҿֻţûУûУûУ
ҶЦ̾˿Ҳô赭дѾˣǵȻһɣҺҲã
治ҶЦ̬Ĳ롣
ʵΪĶԼռίʵ̫һЩǧ֮࣡
ңԴԴϵı
ҶЦٶһŵҩֳǺöѼıɶõ鵤
ıҶЦԼ̫ΪԼˡ
ΪҶЦԣʵ̫ƽˡ
پʢޣҶЦĵ˵ڡ
һŰΪȫǲۿ۵ĵƼ쵤ѩӹһƿڲϵس鴤һٿţʹΪ
ôţǵƼĵ쵤ŷõö࣬ԾɻЧõݼ״ֻǻͬ鵤ЧõݼķСöѡҶЦ㻹ˡ
桭ѩŰۣһ磬ϴҲ˵ĸƵһ㡭ֹ氡ֱ콵ƺòã
ϽšҶЦĻӻ֣ﻹеǣһٿɶΪɶǶ¡
ԼˣǶԼֵܣҶЦС
£ǱĻкܶࣿƭҰɣզкܶأѩۻɵҶЦ
ҶЦһֳ֣һѵƿüëкܶ࡭


324 һض
ϴ󡭡ѩۿʪˣҶĳݼֱϽˮϲ磬СܳһݣСһӵϴˣҾ׼һˣˡ
ҶЦЦһǸöˣߣȥҶҼ
߳ӲãҶЦ𽥼ӿнٶȡ
ΪҶЦԸӣԼԥ׶εʱ򣬻߻࿼˼һʱ䡣һĳǾҲаӣ
ԥ
ڳ

ԣ
ۼҶЦչнٶȣúѩЩ졣
ղŲǻھôȴֱɾ䡭
ϴȻϴ
ѩȻ֪ΪҶЦԸǰ仯˿̵ı󶯣ףЧ޼ɵĽСģҲ⣬Բȫ׼ȻһȫԸȴ
ϴ˯ߵ⡭ѩС
ûˡҶЦõĻش
ѩۣȴָоԼòû˵ˡ
˶ˣҪеڽУʲô˵ģ
·ϣʱؿԶһƥƥ㷭ɣԶȥϸȥƺ˵Ķͬһȥ
ǱߣƺҪȥҶҼķѵҶҳʲôôҶЦפѩ˵һ䡣
ʲôʣҲڻôͬʱǰȥҶҼɣҶ˵ҲǸطʲô̫˵£ҶЦԶ̳𣬲üͷѵʧٵӳʲô£
ѩһЦνϹ£¼ʴҲ֪ˡ
˵䣬к¡¡һһʿԷ۵糸һ߸Ϲ
һˮĺ£֧Ŀϰ˵Ĺģһ·Х۶̳ͬһŭһ߳˹
˵ƷǷ
ôţѩٺһЦֵȻ˸Űֱۣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ҶЦЦԷǡ
ѰʹҪסЩҶҵ׷ʲôȴȸ˼ҿһñӣ治֪ô˵ĿĺڣںŪԼǺŪԼأ
ȻˡҶЦǰҲûŰأǰһƾʲôôţȷǸýѵһ
ģͲ̫ţ£
ԽԽƽҶЦˡ
ѩۼʱװ13һХѩѩѩѩ̤߳԰׾Թ϶䲻ݷļٶȥ·м䣬ס˶Էȥ·
ϣ
Ȼڵϣְͷ΢΢̧ţбۿųӣܲã
ѩ˴˼ʸ˵ĸоȻ˲Ȼγһıɽ
ѩ߲ʡ
ɽȾףɭȻţ
ԷһҲǵ֮ʱһŭȵߺˣһƼӣ·
˵У֧Ծɱ۲ͣ¡
ȻԷѼͷûн·ĺү£
ȻҲ˵ˣûɶʵ޵ý
ѩһЦȵɽҿԣ·ڣ˴ףҪ뵱вƣ
Ȼһٵɽ
ЩҶЦһϲЦιȥ
ΪһɤӣѽղһԨsţ豹ĳʦƻ
ղŵ󣬿νңӳ˼ѩɭȻȻף
ڵĵУĴֱʡԣΪһСʵĴʻ
ǣүһȴ־һСģ
Բǣ
ѩ߲˵Ǿޱ۵ɵž̧ҽţصƽ̤ȥ
䣡
һ£ɷǼ䣬Բ֮ڣضɽҡĿǴع֮״
漴̳ԭѾѺۼĵϡꡱһ֮࣬һӣɣɣʮɣ
˶ףҺڶأð̳
һ֮ظ췭
ղŻһɽֱײӣ˿һ˵һȫϤˤǴ֮У
һʱ䣬ﲻ˷
ǰһ̻ǲһһ̼ӣ
һĻı仯ǳϷԡ
ʵ̫ӡɶˡ
˭
ô£
ʲô˵Ұҵȡ
һƬȺ졣
ѩһЦӣһƬرǿϢ쫷һǿɨ㿰յ̳һ˲䱻һɨ⣡
ϣΨĿ˪ѩ

ѩһߣȫ
֮ǰһ£һֱԱߣѩȻװˣĻᶼûУڿֵԼ԰һˣȻô˧ôôţô


325 Ⱥ֮
ڶԷǲܹᵽԼĸĪ⣬ʵǿûˣȴǺѩҪ˼⣬ӵѹһеʵֺαЩֱĩڣ
֮һ仰һ̵ĺѩٱֳӣǸߴʤ£
򣬶˼䣡
ಡ
ʮӰӴ֮Ծ˳ص棬һأɫҰף̿֡
ԷղֻǺһ̤أγȵضɽҡıʣѾǵ߸жǿ߶ֵʶ
Ȼǲ֪⵽ʲô̶ȣʲôεܣ֪һѩˣԲԼ˿ǵģǴ˵ҪԼ˵˵練ƣҲֻ࣬ǸղһԽԼȫһٶͳͳᣡ
ֻǶһ½Ŷѡ
ܱȷһѶأ
ϺˣΪһͷ׵촽ڶ£ȴ֪һƼεϣʾ¡
ԳǿߣСڳ羴֮ʣλߵ漼ܣƼΪ׵ۼλ߸˧Դȴ˴ֱɣʵߵ׵ǿߣֱԡϡν֮ϣܹԲĳ˻ġ
ȻѩǺϲԷ̬ȵģȻԱ˫֣߰˵ĵңδ̫߹νƼ˰ɣԾʸô
ԣû˿ıĸоһϲ֮⣬һ
û㣿ǿ̫ˣ
ĳǿߣǵʲôԹϸôԼ壬ɾҪһģ˿ء
ôϴ˾ٵǡԲ˿ʵ
ȣǵɲ˳ۡѩ΢΢üĽѵڴ·޼ɵıۣײô죿ûײˣײ˻ݲݣҲǲõ
ǣǣϽѵǣȷʵұçײˡͷС
Σҵһٵģȡ·ǮԣţҲûʲôˮ̣Աʱıһ⡣
ѩƵ˵ϾֻҪǻشҼ⣬ˣǾͿˡ
պѩ֮ԣƼ˵ȾǴһ
ֻʼ
ǻ򵥣ֻҪǰɷɱ֣ʲô˵
ƼһƬҲǰĴ壬ƽŰ裬аԵҲ֪˶١
ǿ纮ѩߣȴһƢҲûС
򣬴ȭͷǵ󣬶֮أǣ
ʲô⣬뾡ܷʣҵȱض֪޲޲߾ܻشϵ⡣̬ԽԽǫ
Ǹϸˣһ⣬Ҫȥڶȥʲô
ѩһһʳʮ⡣
߷׵׵һ
̫ˣɷûʳʲôΪ˵⣬ʵЩ⣬Լܻش
ǴУǻƼ룬ǰҶҼΪεǱȥԭһҶҼҶҲ֪ʲôʺˣȻõĳīҵ˵Ҷóī൱һӶңƫҶƴҶ֧мһ룬˶ⳡǷǡ
λƼһͣҶЦͺѩܿŪһеȥ
˵µʼĩʵǼˣҩɽĳī˻ⳡʡ
Ҷ뿪ҩɽ֮գڵϣҶұ㲻չһ쳣пĴսҵۺʵҶҵĶ֣˵ҶҶ쳽ԪƷʵ˿ɵУҴܿ䣬ԪˣҲûнī
ֻۿҶһ˷Ҷլ
ˣѾǸһˡ
ҳ̲֮⣬ǼɵջҶңƱؽһɳ죬֮ϣԻƮƹķ֣һԼ֮޸֮Զǣ
ڽļһ߸Ѱ£һߴӢϵΧʮǰͬҶʩѹ
ҶջȻᣬܹҲǵõ˼ʮīҵȾ֮£ȴ˼ꡣ
ĸѶ޲ۺ
īԽԽңʼٸߵƮƹ⼸嶼ƵҪˡ
һֱ֣Ӿû˵ģһλ˵ĻĪ˵ǡꡯǼʮ꣬ʮ꣬ŵҲġ
¼ҶҽջĳīǲȫҲҪƽ֣κһҶ󡭡
άֵǰƽѷҹǵҪҶҶռõƮƹȫ񲻴Ӵ˾ҪҶѹˣһҶˣҪô졭
Īóƽ֣¶մҲͲһҶ⡣
Ҷͬⲻͬ⣬ȴ˵ġ
ҲУҲС


326 Һθɣ
ҶҶȻԸ⣻ʲôЦǱȾͷҲõóôĳīаɣҶô࣡
Խһµʱ䣬Ҷ¼Ȯ
춼鷳
Ҷ쳽ΪҶڣսǿ֮ˣս֮УɾӵеԪƷΪ˵£ǻɱ֣Ψʹɱֻڶַɣ״֮£Ҷڼֲסˣһ
ҪīУ̨䡣ʤ
Ӯһһ䡣
Ҷһʮ䣡ô࣡ɱҲòࡣ
ͷܹҶһҳǱǻҲͷ
ÿһҲóÿҪʮ䣡
Ҷ쳽ѻ̵⣬ͬҾһɢս֮ٲ˿飬Ҷߣ
Ҷ쳽ڵʮս֮һѪһҧ˵
ʮҵҲһοǽҶұƵ˼ޣԷҲӵʮīƷʶȽϸ߾ˡ
תһ룬Ҳƽı䣬ѵԷ
ԼȻҲҪĿƵĳĿԶҶΪ٣ǲ磬ǴбˣǺȺȺƶһ̨ȶֻҶʮµһԲ룬һһ仨Ϊͷ
ԼӾС
ӣɲɾ죡
Ƽôƴĸ·ȻҲΪ˴¶
ȻݱˡҶЦ°ͣȥĻòûܸɵùҰɣ
ѩݺݵķ˷ۡ
ȥ
ΪȻþˣ⸹ڳ̶Ҳ͵ñǰҶĻƤأǾ仰ô˵ģƤģѺ˳ǽ䣡
ǹˡ۸˶ûô۸ģ
ڵʵԺɨ
òã
ľУ
ȻҪ̨һëͷСӴ̨
Ҳ޳ܣٱһˣ
ѹ¼Ȼ֪˾ôѩҲΪǴȵǿԹɣһôԵķϣһҸ棬ҪסˣԺҪôֱײˣҲƢãǻ˱ˣͽһĵƣ
Ƽҵ˿ŵŵǣȥ
˾޸̣ѾĻƢĶţһһʮƥǿʲôû
ҲûдģǵĿսһƥҲûлŵΡ
һֻܲǰȥҶҼˡ
ЩɱͷҲ˵ģܹ־ѾݷͷʶƵˡ
һƨġˢһûӰӡ
ܵÿþˣ

Ҳ߰ɡҶЦ²ô˵ҲҶ˲ǣһҿɲС
ѩɴ۾ϴ㡭Ҫμӣƻƽô
ҶЦͷһ죺ʲôԣôƻƽˣѵҲǲʮôѵҲǸҶôȻҷΪʲôμӣ
ѩһϴַŵ㣬ôôϲ֣ǲ̫Ȥһ㡭ȿȿȡ

ҶҼ
˼Ѿױ
ٹ죬Ʈƹ˾Ҫˡ
мڴˣʱأҪ֮ڣīĿȫá
Ҷҷٲ֮ǰǳƲ
ҶүҶĺԺ
ҶǰŲ豭˹ĺŲˮ
ں½վȨѾãһʵ˿ɼȻƽһһҲȻȻ¶硣
Ƚڶүͬȹһļ꣬˵ˡ
죬һҶֻҪͷˡҶүӰ̾磬Ա
Ҷ񵭣ͷʹͷ˼ҼʲôҲиӸߵĶţӣ֪ĻΪҶҼء
Ҷү̾˿Ҳ֪ҶұϾǵĸҶҵ˥Ҳͬϵǣһ㲻ɲ֪
Ҷ¶һЦʲô˵ɲ֪Ҳ˵ʵ˼Һ׻ˡҶȻΣʲôɣ
죬ﵱԲס㣬ϾҶģ棬ʵҶϼѪһ㣬Ҳ޷ı䣡ҶүӴŭԼΣ㾹Ȼ޶ԣȻ˵Ѫ
ҶҵĻ⣺Ȼ˴˾ϿҶݣҶΪλ飬ĸ𣿣Բĳԣ޻˵
ҶүԵʱסˣԭֱͦһӽӲˡ


327 Ҹɵ
꣡
ҶеĲ豭ѿˣҧ˵֪ܱΣȴҪҶҶ˵ֱʵҿɲ㣬Ҳʵ㣬ʱ찵ãҶµ֣
Ѿ֤ݣ
峤Ϊڸʵ֤ߣȻ󷴹ͷ;ܲˣԵѪͬԴ
ƫ̻ʼղҶһ
Ϊ飬ϳ˼֮λ˵Ϊģʵ˭֪飿Ҫûıô
Ϊô
ʸ־ǸҶҶͬͬԴһô
Щ˵Ϊаǵһ𣿡
֪˭ʼһҲܱܶ𣡲ѩޣֻ۰װ׵ĿţҶŭ죬ҧһ˵ţȴһƬп侲ңô踺أΪʲô
ôһ翵ͬͬԴҶҶ
һζ̣һζĸܻʲô
ǾټСȫϲô
ֵ𣿡
ļ廹֮ΪڵҶϼ𣿡
ļ壬ֵȥά𣿡
Ҷ췽һƬƽƽ֮Уȴ̺ųıߡ
Ҷ೤̾˿ȫȻԶԣոŭͻȻʧӰ٣ֻԼĵҲֻһƬǷ
ǰ˵ʵǰ㣬ļ壬ֵԼΪ
ƴȥάյȴݺԼݺԼӣɱԼСӵˣ
ԼһζΪǣһζԼŪԼսֻ֣ὫԼһ֧ȫͣգ˼ֻлǷֻᳰԼ
˵ʵǰЩҶ²ҩþò飬շ䱻նɱҶլ֮⣬ǲµ֣Ҷ೤̾һ
Ҷ¶п΢Ц¶ˣʵҶɱģҶƯҲɱģҶɶҲɱ𡭡ȻѾ˵ˣԾȫԴһ棬һλԪ˳⣬Ұ⣬ʬ޴棬Щȫµ֣׵ĸҪף׸淢𣡣
ҶԵһ
˵״ǡҶ𾪵üЩ͡
Ǳ޸ɵ𣿣Ҷ¶ЦǸ̶ȵļ󣬶˵׾٣ȫѶȡ
ô飿
ܱɱµ֣Ҷ콣üһ֪ңûʲôŵ㣬ֻһ㣬ҵĻ̣ΪάϵǰǣԾǣ
㲻֪ں½˻Ϊȫӵİȫֱв½ˣΪҶӣҿ
ҶֵܣɱˣȻҪʵ㹻Ļһһ֧ˣ
ҲҵѡԲԣҲҪ˵˵ʲôһĻǶش󣬶ҶԡҶ֮ȥֻ֪ҵˣ˭Ҳ۸˭۸ҵļˣ˺ҵļˣҾҪۣ˭ɱҵֵܣҾɱȫң
ܶԴܺҶ۾ƽĿԶգҶ죡
ҪǶȻǸ£Ҳһ˿ţҶȫνĴ֣ǲУ
ԲУ
ҲУ
ҶүģȫȻ֪ϲǡ
ղųӵĴѾһʱҲһٿӴ˼ݼȼˣǡ
˵ҲˣıҶһûнߡҶ૵˵
죬㰮˵һֵóƵǷǺ˲Ὣݳһ޷첻ɾҩ竣Ҷүӿģټ壬ΪļҳԽԽᣬǵ˲ǵˣ֮һнң
ǧҪΪΣΪܱȶʮ׷ۿٵǰ֮
Ҷһ˵Щ˶ЩĻɫҶҵĽ֮£귽ʮߣ͵˺۷壬ճ츳ŬȻǱм˿ɿ⣿
㡭㡭Ҷү˵
Ҷ˵ƫȫǿʶǺ˵˵ҶЦܹʵдǰҶүӻԾٳ˼ҶӾô㻹˵ʲô
Ҳ¸ˮ׼ıȡīҪˣ̨ǺɨҶȻ治ҿЩνĺ֮㣬ЩСЦЦ˵ө֮£Ņ̀ǣᲢۣ칲أԶ


328 ֹܲ
ڵӲ˵ЩʵòãҶүߺߵ˵漴˷죬ӡôţ
ǵȻ㲻˭ӣҶϾ¶һ˿ѵ΢Ц
ȫ΢Ц
Ҷү۾ԼûӵĹУҲ㽵Цݡ
ܹЦЦڴ˵أȻҲ죬ʱӵܶ㸺̵ģǰСһʵáһҶܱסī
˵˵鲻үӻǲعԼ״
һεıȶҶͲȥ飬ǲ²Ҳ⣬ϸ׼ȻҲֻ濼һ¡
Σųʮˣǲǿ֣а˳ϵʤ㣬ʮˣʤ֮ʣµЩԼѡʮˣпһսʤҲֻɣֻҪãʤˡ
Ԥһį̄սҶ㣬ҲֻܻʮīҶүɫЩס
Ѿֹ۵Ĺˣ־֡Ҷ콫ʵкһ£ã⵽Ŀԣܹõʮ꣬ѾǼˡᣬᣬսŸײ᲻֪ɣ
ҶүӾþò
ڱпҶҵĴѹ̬ƣԤڣҶ쿼ǵĶԷҲ⡣
֮Ҷһο϶Ҫ۸úܲҾˣ
ڵǣҶһ֮޷ͬʱԷԲмԣ
û֮ǰķл촷ʧѾǺܺõ
ڵĳīսڱУܱ¶٣Ƕٰɣ
ǽ䶨һҶ쵭ֻҪϳҿԱ֤һīҲ䵽ȥ
ϧǡҶү̾
ǣҲսҶ췭˸ۣҵܵܣҶмҲܻأôɵΪô浱ɵô
Ҷ컹һ԰Դû˵īʲôӵĿռָӶ͵ĵ񵤣ʲôĺöóžϹ˵ĹۣӾͲóȳ
ӶТӵĶƾʲôҶң
Ҷĵ׶׾޵ķʸȻīƮƹм壬īڳȥƮƹ֮ĴԣĲǺܴ
ҶֻҪĳߴһκһҳţԵΪשűȻȻֽҶչ£ƼҶҲͿɼʱҡһ䣬ĳɵĴˣ
񵤣̫̫ͬòĵƷκŶӵĪ壡
ŹĵʦκһҲв裬ǸҶЦαʦͬǾԭƿ̫ˣֻǷȱһͻƵϲ¥
񵤣ڣ
ܹõһŵ񵤣ϣȻһ򣬾سɷһľ
ҶЦ躮ѩĵ쵤Ϊ쵤ǺöͳŶԣȴδض࿴أһϵĵ쵤һһ֮оֻܷʳһţҲΪʮѣؼǣӵʮΪҪ൱ʱ뼺ʱ⵽ɵΣգ
Ʒһĵ쵤ʮΪҲˣҪʱ
Ծɻֻܷһţá
μĵ쵤ѾبԽʦɵļƷӰΪҲ㹻ߣÿԶգؼǣظˣźǣÿһţЧҪ۰룬ԼõʮŵʱЧȻ޴棬֮Եμ쵤ΪҲӲҵΪ
ڵƷߵģĪ˵ƣǵĵ쵤ʷҲûɹģԺѩղŻô𺳣˼飬ţɣ
һٿŵƼĵ쵤ȻƽΪӾǧΪǿԤڵģֻ಻٣
Լӵĺ׳Ҷүӳ
ڸӶĬĬԵ΢ʱͻȻһŲ
Ҵ˽
ҶϣҶ磻һԳǡ͵ۿҶһۣ
ԳʲôҶüȻͷ˵˵ء
ҶںΪΪ˧ɱѳϰߣˮ·ȻҪֻ¾Ҫ£ʮˣ
һ꣬ԳҶĶӡµ˵


329 ҶЦؼ
ʲô
ҶүҶͬʱڵһվ
˵ļҷӦʱһ
˳ʲôӣҶŵʵ
ᣬҲʮ߰ӣüΪ㡭ĿҶ㵹ֻ߳Ǳ㻹Ҫ࡭û˵꣬ҶѾһһ˳ȥ
СӣƫƫȱսΣʱˣ治ʱ䡭ҶһӵģɵӡҶȨ˸˼ƴһʯ֮ٳ񲻸áȻСûĻôôһû۵Ķء
һߵҶүҶӵﲻɵһͷߣǳ鴤
˶ôôһûûεĶأ
ղԼۻһҲûдй֮޲
̵ĳ̶Ѿȥ伫ĵز
ҶүӸҶţԼҴǰվ
ֻǾһƳ֮󣬶ʱͽһЩĳӣ۾ضұһϡ
ֻ꣬üĿӢǰһվֻٷ磬һѹӣƫƫꡣ
һֳ׵ʣֻǵһտȴѸо꼴ʱ֮ͬӵܾȥ
ѼǴԼҶϰġ
˵ӸҶ߷֣Լʱŷ֣
òƻűԼѾ˧˷ָĶӣҪ˧һ֣
˵˧徣ɾҩ
ֻһ۾Ϳ϶Լӣ
ӣ
ӵĶӣȻҪһһǿӶʤ
ЦЦҶѾһ˳ȥСؾˣ
УȻοĳɷ֣ȴǣȼ
ʱ򣬶óȻǷȦڣ¼Щ˱ȻԼ¡
֮Ҳֻͽ޹Ϊ£
Լռ֤һĻĿȻǰ
Ҷ˵ȵģ͸ˣ
ҶЦůЦ
֪أ˼ٴοϵĿףȻҶЦڵʵѾ˿ѷɫԼףй֮ȴһȻһɿɹ̤ʵо
Ѫ飬ѹƲסѾȥôˣΪҿԻˡ
ڻĲʱ򡭡Ҷ̾˿ˣͻˣˣүүүǵһμ
ҶѾͨ죬ˣ⡭ЦЦһ˲ţǿǡúӺúӡ
ҶЦϼʱֳεĿܣЩǿ˵үү
һҶ죬˵ꡭҲûΪһ˵
һ仰Ҷү϶ʱһȻ
Ҷ״ŭСô˵أүү
СڶӶϵȻ˵ĻүүˣҲɼΪ˵ӵ飬үүϳ˼֮λ֧ȵסǸں½ôԴүү̽ʡȥġ
ҶЦɫ
ȻԼҶؼԴ͸ЩԴûٹϵǵԼүү̵ĴȫѾǾľܿɹǻһĵĸףΪ˹ȫԼݵλɱȫҲϡ£ԼүүܹһѾ൱ˣ
ϾܿΪ˸ߣҶǸϡ
Ƚ𻰰ɡҶү̾˿ЩھεĵǶԲ⺢ӡߣţ̺úÿ㣬֪жôˡ
ҶЦһλҡ·ʶһѡζҹġ
λָȻźѩ
ѩ˼ȴǲҵǫĹǸ壬λϴССˡ
ѩбжᡢˡ
˵һռ˼Ҷ壬һүүҲͰˡҡզ죿
֮£ѳζǵһ䡰λϴ󡱣Ǿԭ˵СֶţȴǾ죬û˵ڣһСɡڴԾɽҶҶүӶһ¡
Сʲô˼⣬޸ȣһĲŵһСиƨãҪǿۼЦЦһǸɶ
Ҷ컹ҶүӱδԪΣԺѩΪ裬豹棬ҶҸȻֻΪͨΪǳúܣȻ̫Ϊ⡣
Ȯ½򣬳潭СֵҶĳڴлˡҶ˵Сֵܹմ


330 󷽵ĺѩ
պѩȻᵱ˵Լֻ֣˵˸գת˻⣺ҺҶֵһͶԵνͷ£ʣһղ֪ҪҲ£ǰνƣȴΪ֮壬ҳݣ
ҶЦһһһ㶵ġ
벻ѩһһʽɾȻҲǹƨʣа۵ġ
⺮ѵĿ׻˵öôϵ
룬룬Ҷ롣
˻ԼǰǲСԼ˵Ǿһһĺš
漴˽Ҷүӵļš
ȻҶӹذϢȴһһαҶϼ塣
ʲôҶǸˣҶҼҶüëһ
ǡ
ȷʵ
ȷʵ
ţȥɡ
ǡ
ǰȥıӰҶźӣɭĹʣɫãڿȵˣ

˿̣ҶүӵСԺڣӯһƬЦ
Ϸ岻ôֱ꣬ҶؼңԸһЩ˿̼ӣȴֻĻŭţز˲ʱȥһ롣
ԷĹУһץҶЦ֣Ҳûзſ
һ˫۾·𿴲һҶЦһţУȫǴȰ㡣
ҶЦͦܣϾоӵеģʱһþͶסԲˣ͵͵ѩ˸ɫ
ѩ״⣬ٱһƣƺǺ˵ҿϷƺΥͣɷҰѰ
Ŷֵܻ֮ͨҶ쾪˵ĸҲǳ겡֢ͺֵܿʤм
Ȼô˵Ҷĵȴûбϣ
Լĸ׵Ĳ֢ǳۻɣôκã֮ɽȥ˿˵ʸֻԼԼ൤񵤣಻ãֻͼ֮
ȻѾڣ˼һ⣬ʵڲ˸֮
ѩװģİ˰һҲһ˲Ĺ¶гɫûɶ⣬洫鵤ϼҲͺˡ
ҶЦǳ鴤һ¡
ѾģǿСӣΪװƵм֣زװҽװٳ
ҽ߽Уͳʹһ˶ݣȻôгˣôҲӦҪװųƬ̣ϼ䣬ٰѵҩóòã
׵ǣȻʲô洫鵤
Ϊܽô
ҲҸѪһ㣬ߺһΰٲʲôģ
ҶҶүӶںѩ̬Щãһʵ̫ˣƺò飬ƲǱ֣ô£̫ɶһ˰ɡ
ȻֻѩһкȻһƿҩһƿϼ˸磺ʮẔ́Ԫĵҩһһ֤Ϸ˰ٲȫϻͯҵ洫ҩͬСɡ
ȿȿȡҶЦһԡ
һΪģȻ˵ΰٲʲôϻֻͯҲ˵ˣôͲ֪ԪзϻͯЧءɣѾһƭӡ
ҶҶȴʱڵһվȻΪǰ鵤壡
ֻҶүӼʶʼޣȻҲ֪˵ضͬСɣȴδ鵤봫˵еĵϵ
Ҷȴβʶʱصĵ˶һۡ
ں½ʱҶʹҶЦеõƼԪͷжŵ񵤣˿һ˵ʱͲ˳һСĿ顭
Сʲô壬񵤲ɣһδȫȻǸҲǻĸ磬СһȻе۶ȴǰ̫ˣ
Ҷȴְң˼䶼ԼˣҲѩǸˣҶЦĽ񵤽ˣҲֵ֮ˣ
Ҷ첻ͬҶүӾ鵤һӾͼˡ
ȻүӲ֪Ԫ鵤Ƽ࣬Ҳǵϵļ
ֻҪⶫ޵ĳϲͿӭж⡣
лˡֻȻݵ洫鵤衭⣬ôʹáҶүŵ˵ţϿһ˫۾ȴƿӵҩϣŲˣºѩ˳ջء
֮ͣҳݡѩԵӱƵ˵ҳεţȻҲҪ񣬲ŵҩɾ⡭Ǻǣؽ黳
漴ȥͣˣﻹмݵԾһ͸ϷˣСٵҲ͸үӺϷˡϴ赤
һĿע֮£ѩΨװװ£һƿһƿ͡


331 漣֮ҹ
ںѩԣҶЦǰԼģֶֻûЧĵҩԼòˣڻгĲþϽͳȥɡ
˲ƿҩڷϡ
Ҷүüֱ
⡭ԼӵѣҲ̫˰ɣ
ֹһ䡰󷽡ܹ˵þģ
ⶼ£þòһ֣ôһѶѵ˳⡭ϷĪΣ
˿̵ҶԴҲһʺţЩԼѩתģʵ˼Һѩλʦ
Լʼն֪ҶЦһλĪĸΪɽѵѩȻλˡţرȴز¶ѵ鷵豹֮Ķǿߣ
ҶүӸ񼣬ҪϷ˾ֻʣϲãΪ˼ҵĻУ˼Ȼ˳ŵ񵤵ƿ
ϷЩ˼ЦţҶүӺҶ졣
̣㲻ÿҺֵܣˣľҵģҵҲģŰɡҶЦ˵
ԶԣҵľģĻģѩæ漴ƺʲôˣСүӺ͡ȿȡǶˣﻹ⼸ֵҩҪ͸λڶλ;档
ѩֿʼһƿƿͣͨţʮţǳ쵤鵤Ƶǿȿȿȡ쵤һܹΪظãЧŶжʮšԸȥְɣ
Ҷүֻ۾͹˳
Щ˹ȥ
⡭
Щ鵤ѵʵǴײô
⻹ĸƷ鵤ô
үޣ֪ѩ鵤Ƕǵ񵤣û׼үӶܱѪܣ˵Ц̫ˣ
ҶգۼѾһӵ鵤һȻڲϵͣдһһ·ҶЦɳظˣǸ£Ī⣬ȻװһСģߵʵ̫ɶһ㡭
ϲȳһţĶΣҶЦĴһƿóһẔ́Ԫ
ãúáϷ˵ϼЦ˻˼ſھͳ˽ȥ
ӻؼˣץҩ͵ԼߡϷܲԣ
Ҫ˵βĵҩʲôǣǶҩϷҲǸ֮£û˰
ۿһŵҩȥҶ˵ˡ
ζУҩЧηӡ
ҶүҶ츸Ӷ˸ĿתĹţоԼļ֤һ漣
Ŀ֮£ֻϷԭԲ԰׵ɫۿɼٶȺͬʱ֮УʼһЩɫա
ڲʣҩ˳
Ϸ˰һҴϯȥŮӶ԰ģ̫̫ȻʹˣȴҲŵԼ忪ʼɢζﻹܵס
ĸ˱˴ͬʱȻЦ
үӵϸЦһ仨ٱȾƺȾơ
һ߳һߺһߵȴתۼʱȥ
ڷŲһЦת˳
ҶүһӾֱˣڡһվŵҲķˡ
Ҷ״Ҳһ
ģݷһ긾˵ݰ𪣬һͷڷЦݣȴˮ
ǸղųȥҶϷˡ
⸱ݡǷϻͯˣ
˿̣ҶϷ˼ﲻҡҰǼֵҩÿһš͡ͱˡ
ҶүӴľ
ȵľϲүӼʹʹȥ

һҹҶҶһ˵ֱһ漣֮ҹ֮ҹ
һеʼٸߣǳҶҵҶүҶЦ
ƺϷԺȻȻ̬ҶЦȥ˵ԼôҲѩԼһȥϢ
ҶҶүץʱ俪ʼҩҩ
ҶɲЩҩҶЦģպľҶЦĿɽǰߣԼֻҪԼӵ飬˵պģһֱҶЦλʦټ飬ɾ̫ˡ
ҶȻҲ𺳵ĲҪҪģȴΪͷǷɣûиĸо
һҶүȴעˡ
˼ôһ飬ָλرءҶү˷ܼ֮УҲЩ֣̿Щ鵤Ī˵һ֧Ҷʢ֮ʱҲû̸˵Щ鵤ļֵ޷
ƫƫЩ˵ζ޷ܾջ󡣡Ҷүкǻ֣̿ǺѩֻΪ˺Цã͸ôҽ鵤ȻҲȷЩ鵤ʵٿȷЩ鵤һͼֱԽΪͼĺѶȡ
Щ鵤ҶﻹҪɵʲôңֻ壬αһʤʲôϵ
ֻǡЩоԾأ


332 ֮
ϻЪЪɣʲôԾģ˼͸ǺöͳԾˣʲô̬
ҶǺЦһҵøϽ˼Щ͸ģȴҲֻӦϡϿɱóȥַܲź˵ҪǱ˶ϣҶҿɾˣҲ¸˵Щ鵤Ʒֹͬ죬ѰʸãܹùȻǸԵҫһ
ҶүصͷȻΪ㶼벻
ҶЦһ뵽ôղǿŵ쵤Ǵʲô;ģǲҪ׸ڰ˵ô
Ҷүһ죬һĨĵѾڵԪƷƿܾˣԪ޶࣬Ҫһŵ쵤ĸһƿƿԪƷһ
ҶһΣͻ֮ͻĹôҶػֻҶṩȫȻģֻѯ㻹ûҩжҩûпȡøҩԼЩҩĳֻҪ񶨵Ĵ𰸣ͻᷭ飬е鵤䣬ǹȫ֣Ҷҵķչ״ˣ˵еôֻⷴҪзݣ
⡭ܡڲˡġӦòġҶүҲ֪ڸҶֱ棬˵Լ
᣿˵⻰ԼôҶһЦ
˺ˣ㲻˵øͲĻôҶүӺǱŤĻӦ
˭ʵҲԼʵҶ
Ҫã˭ҲԼУˣղûӣΪĿǰȥһˣҶүͻȻ⡣
ҶһĴȣˡʣСӣҲ֪Լ㱨ȻʣТӡ

߶ԣκʱԼʵǵһҪ
ǡһûǰʱ򣬾һҪúðգڵһʱܹĺôȫ
ֻȫˣԼġ
һζţᣬһҹζ࣬վͲ֪˭
ҶҶүӾȶȻȫȫǿΪ
ҶЦϷһҲҸ˳ȥϷ˼ݣβ
Ů˶ԣҪûʲôָഺձģ

ҶЦĵﵽ˺ѩסĨһѶͷϵ亹иҵĸоԭڴֱͦ졣
ѩۣûд
ݵλۣΪҶЦԨԴһҲҶССʲôϵ
ʵûɶ
ԼԽݣСֹûɶֱ̫ûˣˣ
ѩһȴǺȤ
ϴҶԵ쵤ѩüͷ˼˵ʡ
ţɶʣ֮ǰǽ˵úôҶЦʵ
һŵ쵤ܹӰΪƼĵ쵤ظãЧѾ֤ˣȻõ̫࣬ЧҲССĽͣһٿŵ쵤ӳǧΪû⣬ô˵ɡ
ѩ˵ۣҪһţ񲻾ӽһΪ
⣬ѩȻǰ岻ƶǶ
һֱԼһζͷȻҲΪԵɺϣùٵҩʹùһЩȻ֪ҩǺöеԭȴǸġ
Ȿ⣬嶼⡣ҶЦü
ѩڨڨЦ
ʵҶЦȻô˵ǻǰЦʵҲѩһǺܶġ
Ӵ˵ҩһ֮󣬲׸ôһ¡
Ƕȣ뷨һԼҲ˵ˣƼĵ쵤ùȻЧ̫ԾɴЧ˵˵һٿŵ쵤ۿΪ꣬ʵܹǧͲˣ㲻Ҫһŵ쵤ԤҲô࣬һʱ򣬻ûʲôЧˣƼ鵤ЧȻѾȴ伫ޣĽܳͬмޣֹȥ
ţô˵ûղƫһ죬ϦӵаΪˣѩǺЦ
⻹ֻǴǶȱ֤ȻӹǶ뷨ӻĵ޲ɼõҩΪһٳɵķҶЦе˼˵Ҳ;ЧԣȴҲǲõġ
ʹκεҩ߱Ϊ֮ƥ䣬ѡ񡣡


333 ؼԼ
˵һԪߣҪǵΪĵҩʮа˾ŵҪΪҩһҩɲҲ٣徭ɵǺ£Ҫܳܲ˾ֻ·һۼ˷ѵҩ
ЩСͷø߼ҩбҸԸ赼ҩɾ͵ţǵĸ߿ܸߣһΣ
ң˵˵ҩһӦҲ൱Ƶġ
رȫ֮˵ˣǲƣôֻҪҩ㹻һǲܹ޵УҶЦ˵
Һγ֪һ㣬ЩͿѩ
ĺͿʲôطҶЦ΢Цʵõҩʱ߱ǰ״̬ϢϢأںʵʱ䣬ʵ״̬ϵʱ״̬ĵҩſ˳£ศɵЧ
ñ˵ոͻƵԪһƷôʱԵ쵤ΪĵҩΪͻͽʵұԦҩƽĹ岢е̫ѣֻҪһӦھͻȫΪС
ĵǰΪһƷ۷壬ٷõ쵤Ч㲻ȫûУҲȻ͵΢΢ĵزΪĵǰ״Ѿƿ״̬ǰӵеΪֻ˵Ϊ޾ô࣬쵤ҩֻװ˷ѣȻҲΪΪҩԵɺ֮£ͻƾһֻĳĳϣ״
Եߵ֪˵һƷ۷֮ˣǰҪͨƽԣͻƿļʡʡǸйؼܹ𵽡ƽסԵҩǡʡΪƽͻƵĹؼʼǵˣ˱Ҫд൱ڸһΪľ򣬲ܹ˳ĿԽȥһ
ûĸ򣬾ĳ쵤ҩɹͻҲ޸塣ľ֮ʧ⡢Ϊ֮ķɣͬɼصĺ˵Ц
оǣҩȻܹṩãΪָͻ޵ļʣһԣȴδһ¡
ǧҪɣֻҪһ㣬ͲѲΪΪ鵤ҩ֮ľΪȴô͵Ǵ˾޴ȱݣȱݣֻͨϵսϵϵس֮䲻ϵȥĥ£пĥԼΪ൱ľΡ
̣˵ǾһġԭֻҪڼʮ֮ۻΪһŵҩΪҪһ֮оЩҪ뿴һʱ䣬ʮĳļжأ
ҶЦأԣԵҩΪȻһݾȴ־á
һѰ꣬εϳɣȴǲӵаʮ˵ĸ򣡡
ҶЦ۾źѩʮˣ౳ѣˣľϣЩҪĥ²ܵõĸƽӵеģ
жôпĥѣѵ治֪ɣ
ѩԣһãʶصһ
ҿΪԼʵʵԼĶڵҩôս֮Уݽߵʱ򣬷һţȻˣ;ǾͲ˵ˡҶЦ˵
ؼǣʲôҩǵƼ鵤֮ҲڣԽߵ鵤ԽСѡ
Ƕô߼ĵҩǵ񵤣Ҳһеڣҩֶ˵ֻ˵˵ģЩҩĵǳԻ⣬һϵϴ趼޷ΪӦõҩЧͬʱ໯ЩȫΪһ֡
õҩԽֵ࣬ҲԽࡣ
ֻ֪ȥһռʱ򣬾׶ʹϴܹЩΣ׷
һֱ۵һ֮վмбһ졣
һζŻ췦
ҩҲҩҩжҩĵӿֲ
ҲȻ֮£ʦܵ׷Թ񣬴ûκǿߣϵطõҩΪ޵иֵġ
ΨһȴԼľԼľԼľȥһδεĸԼĸ򣬻Լо磻Ȼ󣬳ǰ壡һǿ֮ǰ֮
ʵԽǿˣõҩҲԽСΪΪ㱾ԪƷõҩ˵ѾʲôӦ÷˵㵱ǰӵеΪ߶ȸĸΡ


334 
ԣĸ֣õ쵤֮Ч󣬿Դﵽ쾡µޡ
˵ľģҩǿ߹ΪģЧ΢΢ΪԼգһãһ
Ϊ֪Ȼ˴ͲΪԽԽһոճӤӵаΪֻҪһͨ˾Ϳ׾ٵĽŪò˶
һϣǧܱĩá
ѩصͷʾ̡ܽ

һҹҶүһӹȻǿ֮ҹǣ峿ٵʱһЩгȲĳˡ
ҶүӼǰͻȻۼ˲ˡ
ЩȫҶڵмҶҶүӵԺϰˡ
ɫأǣЩɫأȴǶ
۶ˣռһ롣
Ҷ쳽Ϊ֮ǰˣڱչ˲ǰ֮⣬ҶµľŴһԵ˰˸
ҶүͬǰֵǸһ䣻ҶһҲǼüһá˵Ǽ֮⣬ȫˡ
ҶЦһСֺǣǱȽٵģҲֻʮ˶ѡ
ô˵ҲҶҳ֮Ķ̸Сһ˲ûи塣
ҶЦ˼ʾԼķ۲Щˡ
ò˵Լϵүү֮ԵǱȽϺõġ
ҪɣͺˣԵҲԵǣ
һٶ棬ƵϢȻռ˳˳ɣ
˵Ҫǽ˳ɵȫɵҶЦͷ˼һ¡
ϵὫɵɣҪֻ֣Ҫָ߸ֳ֣϶˵ʲôѩбۿ
ã治ãҶЦ˺ߣҪ潫Щ˶ɵˣϵ϶ҽеС
㲻㣬ܵñһٰɣѩʵ
ֵ̫ܰƶˣôͲõһ룬ϵСһƲˣ𱭶˵öӣɵúãɵɱҶЦ
ѩȻβŵҲţֻ˵̫ḻˣȻܹḻ̾ΪֹηɥĲ˷ָˣ

档
˿ӭҶ˵Ҷ죬˵ӻˣ
ҶƤЦⲻǻˣ
ҲƤЦⲻЦҲֻıСüԼô¼ˣûأ
Ҷ֮ԱǣȻһʲôˣû˵ôҶӣЦɲЦ
Աһ˲ȻŭҶ죬⻰ʲô˼ΪķծڹЩӻˣȻ̬ȣ½һ⣬ǰƤ𣿡
ҶЦֹҽƤ¯֮ȺףĿӣôذɣ濴Ҳ˳ۣҰӭָֻ̣ǡô
ƫУѩ棺λүӼֱȹǴžŲһλүֹһӶĶֹˡ
ҶЦһۡ
˵һ䣺ŹȫҶһģ
ɭȻ˵ôҶ죬Ƿ˼ǡĶӣǲͬͬԴͬһΪǿȫ嶼ˣҲȫ⣬úܣ
ҶЦôһգһΪҶӰһӾƲˣ߾پƱ˵һˣӣɵúãɵΪ׳ٸɱ
仰һʱһƬȻþòϢ
ƫеĺѩĿɿڴ벻ҶЦող˵õĻȻôıʵ֮󣬲һ̾ţƣ
Ҷ仰ƺǵȼ˵ʱԺȺӿҷ׷ָ𣬸ָԻⳡУҶֻһζĺüЦϧһˡ
Ҷүɫ꣬Ҷ˵οô̼ǣ
Ҷ¶һЦݣǷΪҲ̼ǣһίȫǾͻŹЦЦ
ҶүӵʱסˣҶ˵д
û
Լյѡ֤õĺ
һǰĿʵܼ򵥺ܵҪҶĶʲôӣֻҪеϢǵǰҪĿ꣡
ϾҶЦһݣʵĳڼȨӵȻļ̳Ȩһ޴Ǳв
ڼΣѹͷӼȻˣ˼ΪֻҶ֣Ҳͷڹôһ꺺ͻشе
Ҷϼ鴤һ£ҶӴδмϰҶ似ҲҪΪʣҪô
ȴأǿʶûѧ䣬ҲҪΪףҶϼôɣ¾ûа׳ԷɻǵϵҲС
ҶɫԽԽ䡣


335 Ʊ
Ҷү̾˿ر۾
Լļ塣
ЩˣӱԼ
Լӻص壬һֻһҹѾΪǵĿꡣ
ûҲҪΪ岻ܰ¾ûа׳Էɻ仰ҶүĶˡ
ҶȻֻǶ壬һǿν׳ԷɻĵôҲҶҵϵϣȻ˵仰Ұģ˵ȻңΡ
Զ׼ǵĿľҪԼУĿĲ֣
һüͷҶɲô˵أûΪҲҪΪôҾ㣬ҪôУʲôм岻ܰװţûа׳ԷɻĵҶɲʣԼʮС檣Ϊʲô˱㡭ɶ֮⣬ǻɶ˵ЩС檣ǲǸӦøϵ̨ȥ˴
˵񳣬ݿݡ
˵һȺҲʱ
ǸʵҶɲһ˵ҶǻԣҸղſû˵̨̤һӣǿʶǺ⣿
û˵𣿡ҶǻЦǣȷʵû˵⼸ѣе˼ֲɵӣ˭㻹˼˵ǿʶĸΪĴʻ㣡
һվһŭɫ˼ʧɢĺŻؼңֻһϣǾ˼˵ʲôͬͬԴͬһͱˣѵǾͲ±˳Ц
仰˵ôˡһվ˳Ǿñط꣬һϵĹҲ㹻ˡжٻһϻ˵ꣿ˵꣬£ȴܹ尲ΣᲢ𣿡
棬Ҷվ˳⻰ʲô˼ôǲǿɣĶѾҶҵδȺˣҾһ䣬ӵʮꣿô룬ôҶͬͬôǾ˵Ĳ飿أ
ȻĻȴּʱһսˡ
˴ϷֳμչԳһҲֳڶҲҶһͬǳòɿСһҶҶҲǿĭĽ˴档
֮ܶһ仰Ժ֮УţԽԽңҩζʮ㡣
ֻҶһߵ֣ͷ٣ֻʮ˲Էȴǰ˾ʮ࣬ռ˾ƣ
˴˻õԽԽڡ
ҶЦؼĲǺܺõСͷһ򲻺͵ϵڽվȻߵ˳׾ѣµĲҵز
ڹֻۣҪһһССĶ֣¾һѪɱ
˼ҿûҶڳҪиϲˣ͵͵ķŸСУﻹҪ˸ҶңҶԼ͵ðԼëѼѪѪɺӣعƣҲʵԪˣ˽ǣ
˼ʣֻҶ죬Ҷ࣬жһûж
Ҷɫ⸴ӵŶǸߣһԲ
ҶμҶ¡
Ҷүӵõܡ
һƬ֮Уֵܶ˱˴ԣĵڿչĽ档
ãҶǰߵҶ¶档
һҪϾɱҶүӿɬʵ
ҶµЦЦ仰ȴ˵ˣһˣص⡣Ȼ˵˸Ͼɱʵǹˡ
ӲŸջһϣһϡҶһ˶٣ҶӣΪֹҲŻ࡭
Ҷ³Ĭһ£Ǿ֮УҼܵˡ
Ҷࣺ⻰ʲô˼
ҶҵĳӣҲˡ
Ҷŭڵһ㾿Ҫ˵ʲôҪʲô嶼ѾУ㻹Ҫô
Ҷ֮ɫһֻ˵ҵĵܵǣܰҵĶӣҲܰ
ҶŭѿڶѵҵĶӣӦð
ҶԾһ£ָˣ
ôҶĶԼõܡ
ϲҲã£վҪһ˶ϡҶأ磬Ӷ궼ڼң͸ûһ㣬ԺҲûˣҲʲôӰɣ
Ҷò⻰ʲô˼˼˵˼
˵ӻˣҪڵ˼ǣӵпɵĻôͻ»صصĵλҶһ˿ݣ磬ң᲻
ΪʲôƾʲôҶԽгϢ񲻾ʹҶԽԽʢһѵҪʲôԥô
ҶЦ˵磬ĲʺģݣһĲݵˣɱεһ֮


336 ҶЦ
ҶλϣѾľӪʮ꣬ΪңҲΪҵáΪӻǰ;
Ҳûʲô˵Ŀԣһ˿һУУ
ֻҪͬ⽻Ǹ֣ȻʲôҶ˥䣬ĸԴ񲻾Ϊ֣
Ҷҧгݣһһ̨ȥΪīִⲻϵĻ˵ҽ͵÷彫ҵΪҶҵʢ
ٽһ˵ǶԴ˶õѡ񡣡Ҷ˵ұ֤һ˺һὫĵƣһһԷøɻˣһźɣ
ҶЦȻź񣡲˺ֻƣҶ£˵Ļ˻𣿡
Ѿźˣǰֻһ·ˡ磬·ҲߣֻұˣҶε̾ƣҲۿˣҪǲǶ֣ذɣҪǣҶڶĽֻҶԪˣʵҲլʺ½ԼΪȣѵֻΪһ˽ؿҶҼΪɱ˥ȥ
Ҷѣһլʺ񣬺һ½ԼΪȣô˵Ʊж¼֮λ죬ȻҪֶͬΣҲкԼӣ˭ֻΪһ˽
ȻһЦҶ£ģ㣬ģĻ𣿡
Ҷ˵磬ôѡĳΪ˼ã
ƨɥȻҶŭȵҪ˺ӣɱң
磬ѡתأСοɾҪˡҶµЦЦͻȻ͵һ֡
ǽͷϡˢһȻһŵĹ֡
ź⣬׼Ժӱ˶ˣҶһ˵ȡ
֮е˼״뺧ȻһֹͣȻתͷ
ʵϣǼҶһ׽Ҷһĵ˭ûɱģԼֵΪ˴糳ѣû󶯸ɸɣ
ҲֹܶΣÿζ֧á
Ȼ˼ʱҸ˲ʱ֣â򣬾ǱսΣɱ֣֮
ҶһȻֺü֮УҶһȴǸɫ˲
ڳûɵӣֻǴһ¾ͿԿҶ׼ıѾã
ڣǴҪͷжһȫϳҶңֻ߸ɴֱӼˣնݳ
Ҷ࣬Ҷ죬ıжԼ年ᣬͼı죬ҶءҶ»һЩĪеɱԽԽʢ
˶ֻ֪νһɱҪʼˡ
׼սҶүӳһ̾һ֡
Զ׼үӶԼļڳ׾
ҶЦһĵȴǸ˷ܣ֡
ҶҲˣѸپ۳һԲεķͣ˵֣׼ɱ
ŶӵѾﰵĽʮʮ꣬ߵ죬ڵͼذʱ
ҶɥĲ񣬱Ѽ壬ҲҪۣͬ;֪ԸΪ֮ˣֻҪնɱҶ࣬ͿԽҶ±˫֣һϣԾӸµ̬עǰһ˵ȡ
ȫǵ⡣
Ѷ
֮ҶңҲʲôв
ȻڶΣȰڣԣ
ƨǱߣҶһӱĵ˿ĭҶ£ӻһ壬Ҫʲôȫ˭˲֪ǲ켺ͬ죬ڻڼʵԻڣҲĹµūţ
ŭһƬһҶµ
ҶۼԼһַֻȫЧɱڣɱԣͷܺãܺãܺã
˵գȵ
ţֱӵ˻ûأʲôһʵЦҪ˵¶Ϊ˼ôҲֵֵزǸ˵С֣ټ֣ηֲ֣԰ܣ
һһ·Сܣشƫܹˣֱӵˣҿɱ¶ɶ°
˲ܵңͻˣһĶǳ鴤
ҶĶӣ
ôֻ˵ȱһ㣿
ȻȷʵϵĵˣԴͷ͸ûһëߵĹϵòã
ûУ
ǡһ֣Ҷ²ɵ²һЦֻܹСӾͽΣ׽αҪʦڣ


337 Һ
Ͼһڿɾһ硣
ҶһɱܽһѹեҶһΪãίʵǰһ
ɫ˵仰߲ŷ֣ԼȻ֪Сӵ֡
԰԰ҾǰҶЦͷһ棺үүܹߵǾ仰Ҷһˣлú˵ú˵ʲô˵Ǻǡ
仰һҶɫʱˣҶүӵɫֱˣҶһ֣һһɫһһÿûһɫģ
ҶүӵѾԵˣѵýһ򣬴Ҫȥһѣ
غӵĶ壬ҶүӶѶһ㣬ⳤؿ壬ʽɶ壬ֱһʵĶ
ҶЦĵ׸ޣ治ҪĴɺϣ
ƫ֮еĺѩǼЦ
λϴ۶ˡ
ҪһϷƣ
龰ϲȻϷɱͬǾ磬ң߲ƵĴ磡
ղҶЦ̤ȥһ˲䣬˸ɱԼΣյϢǰˣһҲŹ
ֻǲ֪ˡ
һԿ϶ֻ˵ѾעЩˣȫˣڽң
Сһʲô֣ҶʵǾȻܺͰ˵
ҽҶЦҶЦЦģЦ֣ͬͬգɺϵúܡ
Ц֣
ȻЦҶЦѾ˺ü꣬˿Ȼٶ֣Ҷµ˻»̲סһȻ
ҶЦҶЦ֡Ҷ¸оֱּͺǻ̿ӿ³һ˲ȻһıŤоаȡʲô֡Ȼһλǿܱùѹ
ֱǵùߵģ
ͳ֣ⱲҲгϢ
СһȻص壬Ҷҵһӣ֪ΪҶӵܣҶӵٵͬʱΣеҪеҶµ˵һɳߵ׻׻̵
˵ϼһһɽ̵ǺƵġ
ֻүҶһҶҪףʱżʹҪ˵ȴҶס֣ʾҪڡ
ҶŤͷԼӣۿҪľȻܲˣһҹܣƽﻤӵ³أôưˣҲҸһ㣿
Ҷ״΢΢һЦ˵
Ҷʲôˣڳ֪ԼӵϸģһӵĻˮں½ʱѾܹϤţ˵ۺܹù
˼ʶԸһҶ£Ѷȡ
жģ˭أ
ޣôһҶǸϲݣ
٣ΣӣеҶЦźڰ׷۾һа֪ΪҶҺˣ˼ķ֣ȻҪΪ幱Ȼ飬ɶ˵ġ
˼ɼԳֿϷοүүҲȻϻοҶЩ˳һ￴ɵɵģ仰ܿҶϼһֻ¾Ҫ˰ɣզأҪ˽ԤеΪҶҳʵˣ
ǰҶֵΣ֮̲ݻҶ³һ£ΪЩע޷ѵģ統ǰīۣ֮ΪҶҳ֮ʱ
ʵ˵ī֮£ҶЦĵ׻еֵġ
ԼûиıòҺҶҵ˽ҩɽ˼ԱĿôû˵Լ˭أ
Ȼû˵ԼıԼĴϷȥǹŹ֣
ۿȥֻڳ֮УòƾֻмСʶԼҶҶҶκΡ
ʶ֮ˣҶĵˣϤС
´˿̣ҶԵ۾עĿҶЦЩҪгҶǱ߶ѾſڣҪȴѱҶһֻסͣص˵
īϵҶҵδǰ;ȷʵһҪġҶЦ˵
ֻ̨ܹȴǲ࣬ǲ㡣Ҷ¼СһԽԽϵҲõ
ⲻǻô˵īսظսҶЦظȥ֤û㹻ī
Ŷ㾹ģҶ·ЩɲʲôΪˣ
ңҶЦ㯵˵ʲôΪΣ
һ
ΪΣҲر½ʱҵµһɴ󽫶ҵĶ֡ҶЦƽֱ˵


338 Ծ
治˵ҶЦ˵ǻѻ˵û
ܣ
˵Ҷ´ҶЦĶô
ǲܣ
ҶЦǰΪΣһϵΪҶЦȻ񹦣ĿǰΪֹòҲǸŵĲΣԼΪε׶ߣ
ԡòҲ˵ǻѻ
ȻҲ˵˵ĲǻѻǾֻ滰Ͽ£
ҶϸһҶЦֻһѪҲֻԪƷΪһӾͷġ
ҶҲֻԪƷΪѣҶЦĿǰΪˮ׼ҪҶ¸ɴʵ̫׾٣Ѷȡ
ҶԾ֪ǰҶЦΪɴཫʲô¶ˣ˵㲻֪ԼΪˮ׼ɾЩ鷳ôƽðءҶӷ㣻ҶСֵܱȽһ£ʵ̨ܲ
Ҷӷ㣬ҶµĵӣȻȴѾԪһƷΪҶһΪۣ㿰Ŷ֡
˼үүкʱȲ˳˸ݵĹâҶЦֵܣ۸൱ȻȻԲΪΡ
ҶЦæˣءҶյòãȭҲزסһǶ಻ãԼˣ˰ɡ
̲֮סЦԷǡ
Ԫн׵ΪȻҪԪߣ
ǿǺһ󾳽Ĳòã
ֱǡˡ
޷޷֮佻ֱѰ£㲻ӷ㣬ҲûʲôҶºǺһЦˣӷɵСЩ򲻿СֵܣԪãδȣø򲻿⡣
ֻ仰ڳ˶˳ҶµĸҶӷ飬Ƿ˵ȻҪᣬֱӽҶЦϵ
˶ֵǣҶҶүصز˵ţѵҪĿԼӱ
ҶǱʵ̲סҪֱӶ֣ȴֱҶס
ҶתͷŭĿҶ죺˵ӷ֣
ҶСװɵզأҲǸᵽԺ½ʱ򣬾ѾֻԪƷΪˣʱһ꣬ΪȫȻֹǰ
Ҷʱס㵱ʱںŪ裿˵ģ
ȥΪô˵ǺӿģҪûʵôԷҶؿԼףڳ֣ɾͿϷˡ
Ҷʱ˿źӣأԾɲѵԼôţƣ
УҶЦѾæĴӦô˵Ҿͷˣ򲻹˼ұˣǺ飬Ϊ˭ûб˵ľأֱǼҳ㷹汻ˣҲȣˡ
ҶӷһЦ⻰˵òұˣҲΪƽƽȡҶҼӵܱ䣬ôһء
ŭɶʱһˣ
˻˵²ۣҶЦѾһĽӿڣôһôȻǴҷ緶ﾺ棬ҶҲǿʤ̭Ȼ
һ
û뵽ҶôȻôɵӣӦܸɶ˵Ǿϻˡ
ɣ
Ҷӷܸɴ˼ơ
ҶЦȴ˿һǲҪȳˣ룬ҪǲýУС
ı۾СӼֱԲģûԷʵǿôôȻģ˵ʲôҪС
ⲻߵģ̫ô
ҶӷԴϲҲףҶЦֵܺˣˣ
ͻšһżƷ˹
һߣҶ΢ЦŹųб䣬ΨĲп᣺ֻҪԼɱɵСӣⳡսҪʱչˡ
ڵ״ɵС˺ȣ
úãҶЦܣֱͦӭȥ
ҶӷвŰɫһһһΪϤעϡ
˼ֵҪͷȻһУп˲ֶֿ
Ҷӷ֣ȻСԼҪôҾͳȫ㣡
棬ҶЦһֻҲӭģƺûаҲơ
Ҷӷӯɱ⣬ݺݻ䣡
ѽҶЦһ
һ˲˶Լͬס˺мҶһѾ۾ٿѵҶЦ⺢Ӿ˵ࣿ


339 զ£
˶̾Ϣ
ҶЦ⺢ӣʵ̫ˡ
ʮ꣬ŸոջصҡСһϣҪ
ֻһ죬漴꣬һĹѵ
˲пѪȵζ
˾һͽˣ
һս᣿
Ǽ۾ģ۾һҲˡ
ֻУҶЦԾվţԾһ㯣е㲻֪˼
桭ҶӷѾˣΨе϶һ̯⡭
ǵģ⡣
ΪһǺ޻ٵĶƴ֮࣬Ҷӷ㲻ò峹ױ㲻Σֻʣһ̯⡣
Щ۵˲ͬһֱ۾˿ؿ̣ƽӴһɶҶӷֱӾˣ˵ʱѾжʤˣҶЦǱȴƺղסԼԾɰԭĹ켣Ƴ佫ȥ
ǺҶӷ㲻ˣ첲ҲžˣмҲˣ⻹ԶԶû꣬ȥδƣԾȥλãŲҲˡ
ȻһΪԭ֫ٺӣҶӷͷţȫйͷ˲ʱ࣡
ۼ֤һĻһٶˣͬʱססȫȻ޷ţӲš
⡭ʲô
֮ͻȻһ˺ѷεĲҽ𣺡С㡭ɱӡ
棬ҶЦأֵ̿ĵ⣬ô¡ûôҿ˹ƾˣΪҸղǱ۾ֵһ¡ףôˣô°
һ㯣ƺȫȻ֪׷ʲô¡
һߵҶȴҪЦ
ǰôûз֣ԼӾȻϷ츳
ξڴˣԴֻ֮Աǣûټ֣ûϷݵжãܰݳһ̯⣬Լװһ̯ǶΩΩФ
ĳ˼װŶΣ顭ء
ˣɱҶѾʧȥǡ
ţ˵ɶҪɱңΪɶҶЦеղŷ˵ˣиʲô⣬ɱҲûϵģôȴô˵㲻ҶҼôôܳأļ緶أ㡭
ҶЦŭͨ죬ָҶ£㻹޳ܣ㱰ɣ˵㻰
Щ׷
㶼˼ӸֱӴһˣòһĹͷҲˣȻԴǵķָ˼Ҳ޳˵
ؼȴ⻰֮ǰ˵
Ҷҧгݣˣɱɱɱ
˰죬ȴʼû˶ǽͷϵһɹԾһʵţȫȻû˿
Ȼعζһתͷǽͷϵĸ֣ȫĲ죬ôˣ
զͻȻָˣ
ҶЦҲһƵתͷȥǿͷϵˣͻȻһȻǽͷ
Сģ

ҶҶһС
һֶ˶ԣʲôһȺѵĹ֣ԪʵߣȴҲδؾֺãԾһԣҶЦٶʮðգǼ˲ǵġ
ҶЦԾɳţǽͷһߣָͱͱԷ壬Ƶʵͷ㶯ɱңզأûװûɵˣ
һָͷһͱ֮£ͻȻֱͦͦˤۡһ˵Ժ漴һԴܸɴشӲҳߡ
µµĹ˳ȥ
ƤһڵϹһֱȥɡ
һĻȻѾˣڳ˶ԣһž£Ϊ֮ĿƽȻһѪûðƺֱӾǸһ㡣
׸εͬʱʯֻоһëȻ⡭ô£
һĻĻضĲ˼飬˼أ
ǸҶЦһƣҶСֱҶӷֱĳ࣬ȻּȻʱĹȫ޶֣ټ˿ڣѪ쭳ֱ̫̫ɶˣ
ĵҲʵݴˣ
ǽͷϵҶЦò˾һһУѽô£ôôа
˱ڼȲëȻһҶЦզȴʱһҪѪĳ嶯ô¿û˱ɣզզǣҪ˭ȥ
ǽͷҶЦǰպϣ«ͱһզҲҲˣ
ۣ
һͬǰһһˤԴµµĹ˳ȥ
ʵ«
ţǹ«
ۣ
һˤȥ
һ
֡


340 ɱɾòã
˾ôƴľһĹҶЦǽͷߵǱߣһĽһٶһֵͷͬһһҹ
Ҫ˵ɱˣڳҶ˻ûûմѪģвɱͷԶԶһˣڣ˿һĻһ⣬һüֱľսľ
ǰ棬ʵֲ̫ˣ̫Ѫˣ
ԣûѪȣûѪȣ
ûѪȣֲĵط
Щԭǽͷϵȴ˶ѾŹˣȴǴʱ򣬽ȫɱˣ˵ȫͬܵ֡
򵥣
ΪߵԾɱվˣԾɱŹĶ
û˿ı״̬
ֱҶЦȥƣ¶пʵ
ڴ֮ǰȻһ˶ûп
ֵ״֣ʬԾûѪ罦
ʲôʱµ֣
֪ʱʼ֪ôʲôֶΣ
ɱˣйѪͷѾˣȴԾάɱڵվˡûһ˵
ȹѳڳ˵֪룬ȫȻѾ޷⡣
ȻΪ޷֪޷⣬δ֪ıܿ־壬һķо֮ɭɭġ
ڳ˸е־ģȴҶ£˼ʵ֮УһƬ
ȫףΪʲôô״֣
ĿŵϺ˵ʬ壬ӲĻ˻ΣǰðãȻ޴롣
ǽͷһˣƵ˵ҶЦһԾ£ͷһаѲЩνĵ𣿰ڳŻ˵ġǺǺǣˡҶҵ˹ȻῪЦ˲ѽ񶼵ô棬ʬָȫûֱҲΪⶼǻˣ
ü۳鴤ϼһľΡ

ҵܱ浽ô
ҶүҲֱֶɵˣ۾㶺Ǻǵİ˵òתͷԼӣ졭զ£Щ֮У֪õʲôֶΣ
Ҷ۾ֱ⣺̫ˣҡҲԺء⺢ɶʱôıأ
ҿˣˣǿЦȻǴ壬ֱʣƣҶɢ˰ɢ˰ɡ
ҶЦ߹أһЦݣҶһˣЦûɶ˵ģȻеԣеӦˣ̫𣬴յԾǶôð
ͷߣ̫ȻճԾǵЩûͷˡǵ̫Զˣô綼ûϵˡ
ǱߣľһվŵҶڻعѵҶЦСˣúֶΡ
ҶЦüͷʱһ壬ɫ˲ʱת䣬Ȼγһɱ࣬˻䣬ĪҶǰһ֣һӾͺХҶϣͷ޳¼Ϲ㾹Ȼң
Ŀ֮£ӵԪ߽ΪʵҶ¾Ȼûʵʵ޻ٵذһơ
һ֮࣬ҶԴһᣬŰݴѪˮʹ˳
Ȼѻȸ
ȾҺ˼飬ţ
£ףֶΪһ֣ҪʲôʵʲôεΪأ
һˣ˵ʱ
ⱲޱˣҶЦ֣һƬŭȴɭɱ⡣
Ҷһ֮䣬ѹŭСҴңҴ򡭡
ȻһδϣҶЦȻٶȽ
Ѿ˵㻰ңҶЦί漴һȥ
ž
Ѿһԣ¼ɵƣ
žžžž
һĶ⣬ӶҶϡ
֮䣬λҶҵҼѾһͷ
˺ȻǡҶµıΪûƣХĶ⣬ȴһҲ㲻ǡ˳Լ׼ðȥһ㣡
һһϵ޷졣
ֱ褴ƸǣһҪһԸⰤҪӵ赺ϣǡ֣
ҶҲ˵ֻһζҧĶҶЦ
ŶҲˣղŻ˵ҪɱңҶЦһƳȥҶӵʱתŷһڿתʮȦһڵϡ
ϼһһߵȫȫҶЦͻȻ׵תͷԼϵЩˣӦôŶ˰ɣ
Ҷ죺ӦǶ˰ɡ
ôԶɱôҶЦһֺܷǳر൱ǫĿѯʵӦû°ɣòã
ɱˡ
һɭȻ


341 ɱˣ
ֻ֮оͷһ׹
һ￴ɵӶһĴڣȻܹĺȵز
Ҫɱ˶նݳȮţŻĿ
Զ׼ǶԸˣǾŻؼң˭˭ûϵãҲûɶҶЦε˵Īһ˿¾ǣ
ҪҪҶүӿеĻû˵ȴҶЦһ㺮âǵһĳ˳ȥ
ҶЦ뺮ѩϣڼЩȫûκηӦ£ѾǱߵȫס
ҶЦȻɱ
ڶЩˣһŹ
İ룬ɵȵȡ
ʹӿ
ߣҶҶүӵˣһĻֱӾɵˣ
ҶүҲû뵽ԼŸոջؼҵӣȻ˵ĺ
ңһԤҲûеľֱӿʼɱ䣡
ղ˹ɵһƵһٶˣֿʼͬļˣչɱ
ѹ֮ǰ૵߶ȫһ˿˰ɣ
ԭôģ
Ҷүһ㱣ͻȻҶ˵Ļ
Ըӻ治Ǹӡ
ǰֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ĿһƬʬɽѪСԺֱӾͱ˼
ղŻΪռϷ磬ҫһȺˣ˼ʲΪߵͣһʣȫһصʬ壡
УλϣԼμ
˵һɱ֮Ҷҵмֱ֣û˰˳ɣ
ҶүһߵԼˣһĿţҲȷҶȼСȲͬһ㣬ЩҪʺ
ʵ̫ˣ
ҶүҶɫɷףӻΣȻô˹ȥ
ȻЩ˶ɱԼһңȻЩô궼ҪԼض죻ȻҪɱԼ˵뷨ʵʩ
ô˶ˣүӻǽܲˡ
ǿҶ¾Լǰһˣôһ˰δ⬡
˫ӣƺڿԼ
ϾֵһҶүֻоһ𶯣˹ȥ
ҶүӣҶͳѼѪȸпɱ¾ǰԪ˧󽫾˼ɫɷף۽һĲе𺳣ͬ˼
ԭԼ֣ΪʲôӷҪڹۻؼңڲ֪ԭһǴҪɱġ
νġڹۡʷᣬɺϣ
Ϊûн⵵£ӶҲŹЩˣ
죬Щ˸ǰ鷳Ҳǽǵɣźܡ˳ˮۡؽĵ͵ҶЦ
ĽƶΪ޼ɵĴɱ䣡
СɱʹˡҶһûôˣ֧һϾҪӦڽҪĸһʩѹΣأ
ҶЦͲ㽫ЩڵϽȥ
ǵͽҶϼ飬кüַ򳤻̣ԲȱΨҶԴϲ֮ҶЦԭţûɶ¶ԾǶ¶Ļ
ʱⲻҲͦȤô
Լʱ㸲ƣתʵηһϷµֻ̣֮óе˼
Ȼ֮࣬Լеû¸ˡ
оԵʵǶʲôĻ
жıƣھԵʵ֮ǰһȥͳͳҪ꣡
ղŵҶӷǣµˣҲͳͳǣ
ҶЦı˳ԣֱѡ棬˵ĴֶΣһԶжԵȫɵ
Դˣûκε
ΪЩˣҶЦԣֻİˣ໹һĳݣ֮϶ûаϸɱҲɱˣȫ
˵ǻһֱȺҶҶ࣬һһֱѹôꣻСг𱨳ѪծѪ֧֣ҶЦ͸ûʲôνСĸоˡ
һԶɱɸɾˬ죡
νĿ
żƫƫͷҶ죬۾һ˵ζһ㡰궼ûɵ¶һصֻһʱ䣬ȫˡֺǷо
Ҷ鴤ɫɷ˰죬ڴŭϣ
ϲϣĵʵôĥģ̬Ҫġ
ҶҶүĪԼ䡭Ҷ֪ӵ飬⻰Լ˵ҶЦ֪Լ⣬۱ĶȽԸԼӣҶү˵Ȳ˵ҶЦ᲻үӣľͶүпҶЦүֻ֮¸ң


342 Ҷѵ
Сôô˶ɱˣΪ˭ﻹûгߣʹ˭ˣҶüŭĿòƻðɡ
⻰˵ģ̫ˣɾȻûã
ҶЦͷҺί̬ϴҴˣ֪ˡ
ҪɱҲҪͨɣҶŭ⣬Կ
ҶЦǳ˳顣
ϵ⻺յķڣ׾ӵ˼¡
ʣµһ˵ȶҶүͬһսߵģۿҶҾȻôһλˣ֮⣬ȴǾϲ
ȻǷݲĵĸоԱ⣬ǵоȴԶԶ确Щˡˬǿңȫͬն֮⣬ȴǸӾϲҶҾдܵ
ҶЦһ֣ȫ˵֪ȲҶЦôģţһ֣ҶҶ쳽
Դ˼ʼҶҪѵӣΪֺҶЦǻ͹ϵ׷һҪȰ⣬ȫ˼ҸӸͲҪȰأ
ֻǻûȵڣҶο˵֪֪˾ͺãν֪ܸģĪɣһվŰɣΪʰһ²о֣㿴Ūôĳ棬úʰһôˡ
˶ʱһѣ
ˣ
Ϊô֣£ģҪݺݽѵһأðɣɱ˱һٶˣ㾹Ȼֻ˵һ䡮֪ܸģĪɡ¶ˣ
Ҳٷһ㣿
Ҳң
Ҳң
ҪĻ˵飬ʾҪԣ
˷׷һָɽֹĿעҶ죬޷죬ӵļһǣ
˵ˡ˶ˣﻹҪʰʲôо֣
ʰʲô
ʬô
ʬ𼣣ңβ
ȿȣҶһ£ƽ¶ŪġҶüͷһ꣺˵¶Ҳңôһ޷ĶΪϣȻһؼҾ͸ô飬ˣҲûбİ취ֻܸýʹҿ¶Ӧô죿
ҶڿֵĹͷҪЭѹء
ҶһɵòȻ֣µ̬˵գ漴תͷҶЦŭһϣ㻹ʲôϽȥƫϢľͷ׮һɵվţ۰
еѾһ¸߶ȣ
ղ˵ʲô
Ϣ
Ϊɱô˿϶ۻˣ
ȻڰĴߴȥϢ
ȥϢ
ʱ˿̣˵һ˼Ҳ˶Ŀɣ
ô͸ô˵أ
Ҳ̫Ŀŵ޼ɵ޼һ˰ɣ
Щҿ϶ǲ˵
ֺҶุӡүﻹأΪһЩ˵̣Щ˻ǴԼĵˣԼƽ군һգԸ棬ȴҪȥ˵һֿԵģ
ҪȷʵȽʬʰȷʵаհۡ
ԣЩ˵ļҾ죬ҲҪưã򣬿»бʡ
ˣղǾ仰˵úãҶֵ֮ͷؽϻǵǰҪ¶ԼΪȿ
Ҵ˼ʷǾãһֶΣҶ˵ν£ȻǶٲпһ㣬ǲֶΣԳ٣½ģǱǡ
ǵǵģ˵̫ˣҾãЦЦǴҵĴˡ
飡ҲӦúúõļν򲻿ƽ׵˴ӵ츳
ǣ⻰˵̫ˣ
Ҷϼ壬ڽعͳһڽ죬˹
ǵģΪһܹ߳ѪҲֵõģǱҪġ
⻰ȷ
ǽȥ顣
ѡ
ʲôѡ⻹ʲôɵģҶ籾Ƽ֮ǰҶֱֶΣԾ֮ͽԸصǼ֮λ
⻰ӵִҶң
˲书ƷԶҶҼĲѡ
޳ɣ
Ҳ޳ɣ
˫˫޳ɣ
ȫҶ޳ɣ
ҩ͹һȫ޳ɣȫģȫҾһˣһ˴ȫң

ڣʼֹԸɻ
һӵĶͷȫˣƺҲԱȽõġ
ֻЩæʰʬļȴһɫҰףϣҲˮ˺ü顣ѪζԾ˱Ǵ֮⣬ĺۼʱͶɸɾˡ
һߵҶ๾ת飬ڵشӻȡƿӣŮõۣˢһһء
һʱζ˱ǣѪζȫѹȥ
˭Ҳ벻Ȼ
˵ɫúܡ


343 ²
Ҷĸ׿һĻҲֱּӾͰѱӶˣ߹ȥɷ˵һٶƿڴܼ竣ܸܲɵ³ЩɫȮĶҪҡ
ҶһƬ찧

ҶЦӸһ̻صƫɫ糣δȴĲ豭һһ
ѩǳ鴤һ£ôˬ
һɡҶЦ̾˿Ȼίߣﻹİ취ˡ
ѩ룬ͬĵͷȷҲΨп쵶ն׵һݡ
ҶҸ߲ǵģǸһ١ҶЦ̾˿˴һɱ¾֮࣬ȴǰྲ
ѩȻͷ
ȻҶݣôһ¾һٶ࣬ôȫȻûһ㲨
ȴ쳣ΡһҪԣһҪ顣
ҶүתһתһѪ罫
үô踺ĵĿľΪ˼ʢ֪ԼһίҲãֻΪҶүӾãֻҪǿˣڼڼ壬ĺ¡
û뵽ǣԼӻصĵһʱ䣬жϣǾԴɱ䣡
ɱɱȫȻһ浹ޱ㲻ĵɱ
Լ֮ǰһ˲ĿѪȣ̶裬ҶүӾ;һ󴭲ǱҪǻõȵڣ͸ˣ治֧Լʡȥ踺أԴͬͬԴ֮ˣбҪôôϾɱô
ĿĹ֮࣬ɫ˵ۣҶүȴȻ¡ʵѹǡԼһʼˣ
ҲΨֶΣǿѹڼ֮վסţӵ˵Ҷүӵһλڳˡ
һζãһյ޴뷨ֻһˣ޿ˣ֮أ˵ҶĸףҶֵܡ
ǵģ򱾾ʤ̭ǿʳ磻ӣ֮ͬӣÿһڲҲˣ
顭ʲô飿񲻾Ϊһֱǽ飬սΣһƵ޴
͸ɱ
ɱúã

ĿһƬȺӿ޷߿
Ҷүӵı飬ЩһֱظԼһ·˵ȣԼãǶôĲ
ǴԽ£ȫûκ飿ĿҶү㯣ʳһܲʱˣʳĻ
飿һ죺ûалЩȻһΣǻǻƽкúȲʣ˵䲻ģҪûʵҪǱ£Լˣ
ǣ
ԣҲôģ
ͬģͬ
ѵһֱã踺أȻǴˣһյ뷨ֻһԸҶүãȻ˵һΪ˼忼ѡ񣬾ȻǴģ
ǴˣһվòϣҶүӰ˳񣬴ҶĵװҶչ
ܣҲô˵Ҷ࿴ԼֵܣԼ
磬м仰һֱôǲ²죬ͳý쾡һΡҶչһΪ֮ðˡ
˵Ҷү˵
Ҷչٴһɫ𽥵Ǻˡ
Ȼڿˡ
Լ˵ʵǱ̫꣬ҲͲס²죬һڣȻǳӣڶɼңίʵѾ൱ĵز
磬ǵΪʲôѡ㣿ǵΪƷã㽲ΪߣֹǿΪЩٲΪЩ
Ҷչ˵ǸԭҪĴ£ҵԽԽã
ΪˣȻһ֮֮ϣ֮УܹܵӦеأܹԼĻȨ
ܹԼȨ棬һ󣡡
˵ףеĲܹԿҵˣΪʲôҪڱ˺棿ԼһɿֲôΪʲôҪԼƣ
һУֻΪ˵Ĵ£Լһ˸顣
磬֪㲻Ը˵ЩҲ֪ЩҶչֱֱվţ֪Ϊǵ뷨̫ȫȻûζ
ЩʲôʼҪ㹻ǿʵ֮ϵģ
飬ҳϣЩҲҪʵΪģ


344 ֱ
ͳҶңҶϼһŸ֧߸֧Ϊ𣡿˵ʱ򣬲ʲôҶ£˶֧֣
Ҷ¾Ұ죬ֻҪ㲻ˣʱֻ֮һ;
ָԼΪرͷһ֧˵ģ
ǣʮʤ΢΢Ķľ֣ȴӮˣ
Ϊûиκˣ
ҶЩ绽꣬ΪΪΪƴƴӮˣӮõսûҶЦǺӵǿƳ֣ҲЩ˾Ҫȫڴˣ磬Ѷϣ飬ȻռϷ磬ҲᵱϾɱҶأȻ˺Ͳ˿֣
ղŻɻΪʲôȫҶЦ˺ȴǷûҶЦĽ룬ǵ³Σǵ³ֻҶǻ˸ңҶЦĳֶǶԣǾôҶЦʲôУ
˵ʱĲ״뷨㵽ôĥģ
ִҶ֮ʱ;ΰԣıƶϣ԰ǣʱҶң˳֮£ϡ
ѵΪǼ£ͳĥ׳־ʱʱֻ̿ǵãԲҶңǷҶң
ǹѶϣҲУĸҶҴΪǰᣬһУҪ·
ôھΣˣ踺ˣôЩҪô죿
Ҷչ鼤ЩһֱˣĹһˣǾ͵ͬʧȥĹǣҪҸ⣬ûˡ
ǴҶʱΪһɢɳ
֪֧֧ŭ㲻̬֮£һ֮£ȫתͷҶ£꣬ʵڶǺİ֧֧ټǨߣ֪䣡γĻ䣿棡
֧꣬ǵҶңֻ֧ұ˴֮仹ڻͱһ֧֮ϵ˼䣡
ףһеʼٸߣȫΪ㵱һã
ҶӮӮ֮ģճ׾֧
Ϊ˵ָ֧ҶֻûҶЦľߵ֧һ۵ĽעǴ˼ˣҶұȻ֧𣡡
Ƿ֪ô棬֮Ужļѵ꣬ΪòԵȵԴûǷ֪ҶǼ֧ˣϵ£ͯ⼸֧εѹ
Ƿ֪ô꣬ҶѾòٳȥ
Ƿ֪ǽ죬һȫۼʵĵǡûʲôϣˣһ·߾ȪˣǾǱͷģ
㲻֪ģô֪½磬ʣӼѲ£㲻֪
һۣЦЦʩֶΣͻһɱ죬˵֮
ΪЦЦˣһʮֱ֮д
ȻЦЦΪƾ׿ǸдֵĹؼأٲؼģ
ؼǣЦЦ㹻ĺɱɱ˿ûԥ
֮˱߱ʣ
ɴߣСڣ
գҶĻ֮ģת˱Ķľ֣񳯣ЦЦԱɱ֮ľɱ֮ٶȸд֧Ĳо֣
ô˷ܣΪʤˣǻˣҲΪЦЦֳʵ̫𾪣ΪЦЦĺֿϣ
ĺ
ǿʳʤ̭ϣĲݣվȣ
һѶϣ쵼ˣܳɾͰҵܴµ׳󣡡
ڻӵ㣬ǹ飬ǿ㱾ΪЦЦôӣ
ţԺ岻ôǰһӦе棬Ҳܵõϣܹõ࣡
ʱܴܳϳ壡ܼȮ죬Ҳ˴ǣһεΣʱ򣬾Ҳ˴ȥ
Ҫģ
һĹǣһãίȫ踺صĹǣ
ֻǽҶѣ

֮Уѻȸ
˵ɫȻҶչһ
ҶչԼ˵üϵؿԣһǵͨ졣
ⷬνּֿ꣬죬ȴ˵ÿڳ˿ңɼⷬѾҶչүӵѾ˲ֹٴΡ
ֻⷬѾѾεҪ˵Ϊ̫ãһҵйĻᣬʱƣϺƵȫȻ˵֮ܵĺ


345 Ҷ
ⷬˣΣ
ǵģЩҲҪ˵Ļ
ⷬ˵ÿһ˵
ȫѻȸţֻʣҶչĴ
ҶүΣ૵ԭȻҴˡЭһʼѾˣۼ˺ϾԶ򣬾Ȼµģ
¿ʼü
Ҷؿ˵ƲƶЦЦһɱȻĺЩˣȴҲҶ»صһģȴʱ򣡡
ڵҶ£ȫԼˣҲʲô֮ˣ
ɳһĵʱʰ壬ģȻ˵ⳡ֮ҶңʵҪӦΣָӵѣֻҪĺһģôҶϼ壬ͻԭҲҶϼ壡δȻǿ󣡡
ΪҶңҲûκγ⣡һ㣬Ҫܿɹģ
ǵġ
˷׷˵һƬȰο֮
ҶչүǱҲڷйϣҲоԼ˵òЩ̫Ͽͷ˵磬ЩҲǰұıˣ⻰˵ЩͷˣʱǨ׷֮棬ЩͲҪȥ˵ˡ
Ҷү۾Ө³Ȼ׷Щôܲȥ
Ҷչɫʱһ䣬漴۵һصĿͷС״ðϣ
Ҷ൱մжףǶҪΪ˼ʵҶҼˣǿҶЦһս֣˵䲻ģҪҶϹҲסӲָҶչ¼ϣһ˾ɵûޣ
ҵմΣڵҶңӶģ˭Ҳվ˵˵
ʼȭͷǵ
ҶչүӸղŹʹˣȴǰһʱԡ
ڸողԵյ˶ԣٱӰ֣µ飡
ҶүӼ״̾һƮ˫ֽԼܵܲܰǸʲô㻹֪ôҸղ˵ĵ׻һǳ׵ĵңԣ
漴ҶүӳΧˣ˵飬ǴԾǶԣʲôǲ˵ġ
ֻǣҶҼΣȴǲٵġ
仰˵˴һ»˼򲻵á
ǰ֮֮ʦ֪ܸĪɣѾģο£
ҶຬЦ˵֪ҵ˼Ⲣ£ҲΪζ˼ٵ𣬶ΪҪ⸱ӣˣ
磬λһǰȥãȻϣҽƼ֮λȻһὫ֮λʱ죡ӴԺ볤ϻᵣγְ֮
Ӧÿ˾ּľ档
Ҷү˵¾ôˣҲȰˡһЦҶԼˣ֪ĵ׶һ˵»Ҳͱʵİοͷܻеġ
ȻƬ̣Цػ֮
Ҷ켱ֻ²ףǴﶦʢ念ô͡˵ˣҵܹУ¹Ǳ߾ʲôʱжҪϢҶ鷳ʱ
¹Ȼ׷ȴΪǵһΣѾõʹĽѵص϶ϲ˵ڶˡҶүӵ˵Ȼˣֻ¾Ҫ˳ϰˡʱ¹ƴһսʯٱǣòã
ã
Ӧŵ
Ҷҽķչ·ߣȻʹ۶

ڴ鵽߳ʱһͻȻƵ̾һǵôô
ţͻȻ޷Կ
⣬һɪӰŶ
ҶڣҶ쳽
ڣһվ
Ҷ쳽̾˽ɫأޱݡ
ᣬڳ˾˵ǿҶߣ˼Ҳ
Ҷ쳽֮󣬻һȦЩʬ塭Ҷˡ
ٳĬ˰Σ˵ǡĲ
лڣһش
Ҷ׸Եǳĵ׵Ŀ佱ǡĿǰѾߵڣֻϿˡ
Ҳֻôȥ
ҶھֻʣҶҶΪ׵֧ѵΪ׷ɱͬڵٸô
ɱ
ҶҴҲû̫˿һɱ
ʵϣҶ¸Ҿ֧ɱ֣Ҳǿ׼Ҷ쳽̬ǵޣ
ƷתȴҲһǴǱѣ


346 䶨
Ҷ쳽ԸӵĿŷˣʵ죬ĶӡΪεȾˣ
Ҷ㶣һûüʡ
Ҷ쳽ԵʱסˣûʣôԳɱôˣѵ˶ΪʵߣҲܹòɣϾţٸҲи޶Ȱɣѵӵиߵ˼ʵ
ʱ֮Уһ˷ܵ𣺡ڣĶӣǺ˽ҩɽǸ꣬ԭǲǰһңһҡ
˵ģҶ
ڳб֡ʵ͵һȺˣ֮ղ۵ľٶ̫쵽ԺſſڣҶ쳽ʵȻûͷֵģĶγѣȻǼĸ˽
ֻǣҶȴҲڳ֪ҶЦļ֮һѱã˿Ȼ˳͵ˡࡱ
Ȼ
Ҷ쳽ʱĿ¶⣬漴һиοֵ˵ҾķˣҶҴӴˡ
Ҷһ죬ҶЦߣǸŮӣǸӡͨ쳹صΪ޼᲻ݵơ
ȻôҶϼ壬ʲôòˣ
ȻǺŮӰӵʵΣͬԶԶҶ쳽֪룬ǷǺ£Ƿζˣ˵ʵĪ⣬ߵһԪΪ޷֪ĸ߶ȣӵʵ̣칬ֻҲҪҲҶ֣֣ܲܵ
ԣҶ쳽һ仰ǡҶҴӴˡɲָǰҶΣ֣Զչ֮ҶҴӴǣ
ȻҶǣǵȻǱˣ
ȻˣϷȻȥˡҶ쳽һЦ¶ʱȫƮƮתߣԼıīо񲻱֪ͨϷˡϷȥҲ
ǺӣǺӿ˼ӣͬ죡ʵ
粻ҶҶҶ쳽ǺǴЦƮȻȥһʧڳС
Ҷ쳽ԣҶЦɲǺ£ˣ˴˵̬Ⱦһ⣬ȻƳݣȲ˵ҶЦ᲻ûҶЦǰڼӣ˻԰ڱǮΪҶЦǰǸҶЦǰԽҲûеģСӦҶЦλֻҪһˣҪ֣Ҳһһƣ൱Ӱ죬ԣҶ쳽˵ģ粻
һѪ֮ҶҲڴֵ׶ٿ¾֡

һ죬Ҷ¼ÿ˶ææµµ
СԺУ𣬱С
ЩȻʧߵļҾʲôġ
ͬʱϢҲֹش˳ȥ
ҶĶǿƻع壬֣˫ŻĵһͽҶϼЩԵ֧Ϥ¾һգնɱ
д£
ǻм٣ûҶµڰɥô
ԲۣҶǸӾȻ׺ݣԼˣ֮ͬҲ˶֣
˵ǳϰ
ˣ˵ӾҶ쵱¹ʥŮǸӣ
ǵģ
ǻȮӣҶ쵱֮ͬܳңӷǵ˸֮磬ȴҪʤһ
⻰ǲȴҲ̫ĺһ㣬ȫԥĽ֮ͬϤնɱʵǡ
Ȱڣ켺ҹӱؾḶ́Ḷ́ǰѪȣ֪λҶӽʲô֣
˵ǽСҶЦ
ҶЦ
ǡ
뵱ЦҲЦµЦô
òǣͬͬա
ˣȻȡֵģ治һ֮λҶӣδֻҲһλǿߣδػѷɫЦꡣ
ͷֻˡ
ϢȻҲ޿ɱشʮ档
ҵ˶ͻϢ֮⡣
Ҷ¾Ȼˣ
ôˣ
Ҷһ˶֣ʵˣ
ӿǺˡ
ȴδأ˵ջؼҵλҶӼǿƣһԲϣͺȻ֣Ϥնɱһڼʱڣȫնɱˮ˵˵á
ԲۣȻţƣ
ǰ
ǫ̂ϣܼˡ
ҪţƵĻǵ񲻾ҪΣˣ
ǵҲδأϾҶҳҶ쳽֮⣬ûʲô̫ǿĸ֣Ҷһ֮ˣԪһƷΪԴ۵ĻҶЦЩʵҲδضǿ
⻰˵Ҳǡ
֮ǳ棬ҪһԵģܲΪҶЦ˵ãǾͲ֮Ե˲ǡ
ȷʵˡ



347 
ҶҼߴ
ɽ£Ψһƽ̹ȻһСء
ƽȴΪĵؽ硣
ɽ£Զ۲Ծȴһһ㣬λȫݴȥһŵ˿ңм仹·ͨνĶߣΪ
һԲε̨ȻֻöʮɷԲڵԵıѾ㹻á
̨ܣλǲеλӸ򣬶ܿд
ɽϣѾˡ
Ԥ꣬һӢ̨£Ȼȴʼ
Լÿ壬ֻɳʮ˲
֮Ǹʮȫսܣ㳹׳֣ԵÿʤȴȨһȡʤҲ˵ֻҪʵ㹻ǿһֱȥֱѡȫսܣеĳī
ԼҵĴǳ־ܹѡΪҴˣǸ֮һ͵ˣ˼޲ڻƾԼŬΪȡĳīԼڼ֮еĵλ
һμΪѵõĻᣬû£ôҪԼڱ֮еĵλҪµĻ۰
񳯣Ҳһ֪Ϊӵ
ܴţ
ҵھסؾȻǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ǰλþ̨ϡҶҵλãǸðţԩ·խɡ
˼ʣضǵǵģ˵ɽ˺Ҳֻ࣬Ҷҵĳػš
Ϊڴˣ˵Ŀⶼڹߣ˶ڲţ˵Ҷ˺ܴıʣ˺ܶˡһΣ֪˭
˵ʵѾȵòͷˣҶĿǰαԵľƷīֻըˣҸ߲ǷǲҶңߴϽʱС˷ܵ˵
ˡ
Ҷҷˡ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ͬ̽յһǱؾ۽ȥ
ֻͨĿ·ϣҶһ
һˣ׳üĿʣۻ룬̤·ϣȻֻʮ棬ƣȴʽǴŰҪһ㣬ȻȻγһɺɨǧǿ
лǣ
ߣҶһˣҶҶԤеͷȴ˺ܶࡣҶףؼǣҶҶ쳽Ȼûǰѹ
㣬Ҹ߲㲻°ϲ
Ҷ쳽ҶҵĹǣһΪ֮УҲ֮һΪڴˣȻҶʩѹʼղҽѹһҶ쳽ƼˣˣƴԱʲôģԽκһͬһһߣʱҶҹȻḲ𣬵һʧȥǿսļ壬ҲƱػᲽҶҵĺ󳾣Ϊ帲̲
ΪҶ쳽Եʣһε˫Эһī
񣬸Ҹ߲ۼҶ쳽δдۣĻŭţ룬ѵеҶұʣ֧Ȩۣ֮ǵ֧Ҷ쳽֮ˣǿɾ̫ˣʧȥҶ쳽Ҷң⣬Ӥ׸
Ҷ󣬸߰˸Ҷҵ꣬ס
粽һܣǰһΪòƲ
ȻȷȺʵΣûһܴﵽԪǿ϶ģ治֪˷ܸʲôνûҲû޵һǿ֣ɥǷַӵ顣
ΪĵȴһӰѩһ·紵ʣ񣬶˵ѹӣꡣ
ǼˣȻռҶһϣ¶ܶϺţΨǸΪˣϵĶؾҶջؼҵĶӣ
õȷ˧
ĹǶʱ䶯ˡ
ۣ˧Ŷ
ĺ˧еû֮һ
á㡭㻹ûϱɣ
ߡ
֪˯Ҫʲô׼أ
Ů۾ֱӱ˺ֵͣķۺɫСȻ
ŮĻձһɸǲˡ
˧иƨã
Σ
Ȼ̨ȭ
ȭһ߷
û汾¾͹⿿һС
ͥڵĲ֣һ᱾ү͵աɶв񡭡

Ȼݣ


348 ȿֺ
λҹһĺüĿҶЦѳ˵⣺Сӣû³ô˧ôʲôֱ񹲷ߣ
֪еôѾֵٸΣΪѡѡżô
ؽ磬żûоʵſɳۣ
ҶЦһ͸оǵصԹԼХ
һʱ䶼Щͷԡ
զˣզˣ˭˭ʶڶң˭˭ˣ
Ƭ֮Ե֮࣬ȴǸӷ߿ˡ
ӳ̫˧顭ܹ𣿡
˵ĳĺǷᣬĴǶ̲סҪȭӣʹŹ֮˰ɣ
ӳ˧ȷʵֵܹˣй䣬ôͲĴ

ҶҶҼݣ˼񣬾ֹоݣΡȻɽԨsţ˵̩Ȼ˷粻
󣬾øҸ߲˾ͷһݣҶҵ¼򵥰
ǰԤҶʣʵ̩룬ѾΪǵ뷨ֻǹֹˣ֮ᣬδػ̫ã
ڽձԵԼж޸ĶΪԼƷͷ˵ҶҼҲҶ챾ˣһα򡪡
ǰԼɸóԼҵĳīһвԼΪλȡҶս֣ÿʤһļԼʱȡһīΪʤ߽
Σĳսǰǩ鵽һң־һң֮սڼһսԱ֮󣬵ڶ˳λ̨Ҫټǩ
ٴΣʤһĲսѡ֣ԾԳսֱ˻ܣԾ֧Ϊɳսβޣ
ֳʮ˼壬ÿļ̨С
֣˴սǹ֮㵽ΪֹϽʤ߳ʤ׷Ͼɱ

̨ĹҶһĴ
ŹһסλҪչǣһͨ죬ð⣬ԾԾԡ
ǩ̺ܿϡ
Ҷϼ֪˵ǲһǲңֱ֮ӳ鵽һţһ̨
˶֪ǿʵ̨Ȼ棬ܻĳīʵãǾһȺڻң
ڸУҶҲЩѡУǸк˲õҶЦڣһһûһ汾µģ˵ģͳûһԪʵ˵ˮ޵úܣ۶ļңս붼Ҫһ浹ıѹ
Ҷҿ̨ߡ
ߣ˭ϣҶ쵭ʵ
˵ﻰҶԼЩֶҲãǵ۸Ҹ߲Ҳ޶£ҶСֱܹҶ쿴۵ģҲֻɵҶӷ˶ѣɵǣǼȽϿõ֣ȫҶһɣȻϤɥҶЦ֣֮
ȻҲ֮еģҶӷ֮츳ףǵõҶԴĴбܹӵԶͬʵγ
ִҶСΪ֧ܼȨߴܹõԴ޵úܣʵȫƾԼǱ޿ɣʵע̫⣡
ҶѯʵĻδ䣬ҶȻһԸսΪһ
ԾǾһ¡
ҶСؾȲأ
Ҷ߲ۼսҶüͷ
ƽĶۣҶΪ൱裬̶ȽڸӸֶԣȴԲƫƫһﻹһĳ־
ǵܾδ̫ԣ챾Ǿʹֻ¾Ҫƽóһóī
˲ؽĿ۽ҶЦ
ҶЦӣҿⳡϰɣҰˣȥΪұҲˡ
Ҷֵ˵ЦˡֻҪȥˣﻹǱֵĻᡭһ˾ͨˡиһˣ㶼򲻹ˣǸ׸
ЩЦ
׷°ֲһ֪ʵûԭˡ
ҶЦЦ̫ҶЦˣ˵һȥͱ˸ˡ
˵գƮƽƽ˳ȥһգƮ̨ŵһ֣Ҷϼ壬ҶЦڴ˺̡
ҶЦһ˲ãһʱ䣬۾ˢһͬһʱȻʮ߰˸һѷһ̨ϳ


ȥ
һҵģ
˭ҸҵУ
кüΪҶЦֵĻᣬ˴һ
ĸҶϼпֵĺѩ漸ЦҪһȿֺ󡭡ɱսô
ǡ


349 ֻһ
֪ԼĶ֣Ȼ˵ɱֲļɱ֮һ֪ʲô飿
ҪǣȻҶЦЦȫʵȴ൱ɹۣϿԪƷʵ˶Ŀ۷ǰһ˶ԣԾĿӣĿˣĿһУĪ˵һһǸһȫΧϣҲֻһ;
Ī˵ѩҶЦ˶Եǰ״ҲЩƵģ˶ŰȻһȲһΪ޵ˣ
Σ֮ںϯϯ֮ʱвͬʱҶЦʱȷʵʵŰɹˣλۣʵͻƶŰǴ˼ʣҶЦʵʵʵڳЩν̫ˣûбȽϵ壡
һˣҶЦ뵽֮ǰԼʱҲǴϷˣҶµˣϵʱȴ־ζ˼ת֮䣬˲ʱԣ
ʱ˿̣Ȼע֮ǰ;ͬ飬ȴֱհᡪ
ҶЦ׿Ȼ̨ϣĿ˴ȥһɻҵҹǣֱӺһ䣺ˣһϵˣһʡҵ£
仰Ȼôڰ˵ò˵Ҳûãֻʱ䡣
ǰ֮Ծû˭ȳ֣ҶЦڲͷ˵ʲôⲻбôǼҳ鵽˶ǩϽĹ˵ôǶų飬Ķ
仰ʱŭ
鵽ǩңһŭɵĳˡ
ʲôң
ҶЦȶԷڣһ˦ȥ
ž
λҴٻûų̈վȣûȻһ˳ȥһͱȵббġ
ƼһɳʮɣµʱȻҲҪվȴûվסۡһȥһʱȻŷ֣ԼȻԼԭλϡ
ͻأʣ˺Ȼ
һȻҲˣһƵľ׼ȴǾȷе˼ˣ
ҵ˶ʱŭҷս֮˻û׼ã͵Ϯղ²
ҶЦҲΪ裬ٺһЦû⣬˵˵㣬ɣҵ׼ˣٿսǡ
һЦԣһȴ۾۾ɭȻ˸ɱȻ
ҷ˶ʱˡ
ҶЦղ͵Ϯô
ǣ
˴̨侺ۣǵòֲ飬̨̤ʼǱȻ̨ȴҶЦһȷɣУʤ
ҶЦղһư˾飬ǵ涯ɱģֻټһʱԴԷͷ­һƾɱ˶ܿ˳ҵ˲ʶȤٴȥĻôİٷְһʬ壡
˫ͲһĶ֣ʲô
۵ݺóȻԽսֻѡ
ãλʼղҶЦ̨ϺǸ˭㵽ҲҪ˵仰ɣһóīء
ȻΣǲͽȻԼ˵ԼѪ̬ƣһˡ
Ǳ漴īҶȡһ䣡
漴Ҷֵߵߵ߹ȥӸҺƹܳīУһī
Ȼһˮ
˭ҲɵӣҸ߲˼ʶ˳ҶҳλҶӣֻԪʵѣһʵǿаڸһ֮Уȫûκζ֣
ֻ֮ƾԼһˣͿԺɨвѡ֡
ʵһ㺬ͬڣҶҽҶЦһ֮ʣеĳī
ҶҲʧȥԭеʮƷ׳īܻøÿҶʮĳī
һҷѾĻ̨񲻾ǱŷӽԼĳīó͸Ҷϼ壿
һıȴΪҶ˼ѣ
գҪռҶұ˵Ķ壬ûռҪͳīҶң͵͵ʴף˷۱
ǸҸ߲ô죿ֹҶЦô
ôֹ
˼ҵûгʮ꣡
ȫϲĻ
ʵм˶ͬоһֻӬҲƣ
һֻ˶ޱȵĲӬܸ֮еڶ䶯о
˼ѳɣ̨ҲѾĻȴô;ֹ
ôļ壬ʸڷϣʺ
廹ûôƤˣ
ô죿
ģ
һһˣ̨
ĿǰΨһܹóĶԲߡ


350 ¹
ҶЦȻʵ˵ǿԺɨͬʼֻһˣȻܴ򼸸ȻǾܸϼôļ壬ôľ׳ˣһһģʵǿᣬڶ࣬˭ܺĹ˭
ǺҶЦ̨ͬϷһݳϷһƵһ
һƵһ

֮ɷ
Ҷϼʤȡóīһ䣡
Ҷϼʤȡóīһ䡣

ֻǱ߲ϵظк棬ȴҲӯζǹͱˡ
ѾǱ˰˰ٱҲƵ˻ƣûк˵Ķ
תۼ䣬ȺʮīҶҵĿڴ֮С
һīҶЦ˵ῴ仹ƷôӵĵƷףֳĸ˵ȴʵʵڵǱĺö
ۿһһʧһӶˡ
ǰƶġķߣڴѾûģ˵ȥһܹ֧ŸУҶЦܷŴʲôģǺĸɶԷиָڵʵǣȥһ˼Ҷӱ˵ŴУжҪֻ֣ǺֱܴܵĶͷһȥֱӴˡ
Ӣܣ⣬ȫһУһ⣬̨ܣ
ȻѾʮೡôãҪ˵ʲôķѾķΪֱӾҲûгһΣ
ûһ£
ϢأƳȻء
״̫̬ȣƣ⡭⡭Ҫˡ

ԶҲϹٶȼ죡
ۿֵһһȡīӣƮƹҪҲҪ
ȻͬƮƹУҲҪģ
򣬳ϣռԿǰУ
īĳ֣Ҳ˵ġ
ǿԾĺö

Ҷϼ壬ٵóīһꡭ̨Ϻ֮˵ɫɥͷ󺹣촽ڶ£Ӷֱˡ
ֻǸ𺰻ȻѾսʮೡҶЦҪۡ
ĸоֻҪ۾жĶܿõü
ǰȥȡīҶҲǴݼһװƴ̧ĨԼͷεӿЦЦʵ̫ˡ̫Ϭˣ̫ˣҶרȥóī۵ú͸¶С£ҪܵȶϸˣôԶ֣Сϸȣôز
仰ʱһƬҪɱ˵Ŀ⣡
ѽѽޣ˱˻ԣ˭ܣѡרȥȵļһһҶ޲ƿڴ
һƵᾡװƵġһ˱ƴԵġ
ռռ˸ұʷǷʮ֮סôԶ֡
ôҶϼ廹ǳ˲ţ
ֹ˴ԼһٷĹһ浹սԾΨ˿Ĺۣ⡭ѾҶЦӮĵʮ峡ս
Ҷϼһϼֿ˻
ˣҶԭӵеĳīѾȫסˣʣµȫǶջˣҰȥ˵м幱׳īϣһɨⰡ
һį֮̄ͨҪ֡
ʱ̣һģȴӯζȻţ
˾Ȼѭȥ
ֻһߵȺɢƬֳ̼һ·ѩŮӣŲæһ
ơ
ŸŮÿ˶һĴ磬ѩʶɫģһãò˵Ӣˬݳ
һˣٸ죬˴Լһ˪һӾĿ˸Ȼĺ⣬һ·۾û뿪̨ϵҶЦ
Ůһ·п޲壬Ҳҳһʱ䣬Ȼѻȸ
칬ӣ쳾¡
Ȼޱߺ쳾֮Уȴʥ࣬һȾȻͬ£߲ʡ
ΨϣһɫĻ䣬ǵ
¹
Ʈƹ칬֮һ칬
Ҷɫһӱþѿٲ֮ǰĴƶ
Աʮ壬ɫ죬ȴֶ¶εֻ
ҶҲǺţǲǻҪгīǲҪռͷô
ٺ٣ڿɵˣǾۿܲܵȵƮƹգֻҪӦ¹ˡ
ϾҶ֪¹Ϊʲô
Ҷ컹ҶЦҲûԭˡ


351 ͻ
ۿ¹Щ˶˵Գ̨Ҷվ
ȴ̨ϵҶЦ䣬Ҷڷתͷ΢Цһ£ڰ֣Ȼͺá
ҶһɫԾɲÿԤӵκξǿţûжŶӲȻ˵ĵ
칬һΪ׵ŮӣȻƮѩһȻ̨ȴ˿ûҶЦ˼ֱ۾Ҷ죬Ҷ죬Ķӣ
Ҷ쵭ôҵĶӣѵĶӣ
ʱһЦʹ˳ȴǺѩ
Ҷ仰Ƿ޸⣬ںѩͻأһЦ֮䣬仰ԢȴǶȻ죬ռŮӵĴˡ
Ůϵʱһ죬ȵ㻰¹ѩĶӣ
ҶһУ𣿡
ŮЦ˵ǣǾǰɡ
Ҷ켴ʱȻŭĿ⼫ɭȻһɿǰɱ֮鲼ȫƵ졣
Ҷ챾ʵȻδԪڵǿ棬ں½ȴǽһĸ߶ȣžǿߣҲδѹҶ죡
ʱҶЦͻȻһͦ˰ŮҶ֮䣬΢ЦλŮǰôһ˧㾹Ȼûɣ
Ů۽Ҳ
ҶЦһЦŮ㿴ĳú˧ŶŮżô
ǰŮɫٱ䣬תͷҶЦ˵һȥеụ̂Ȼûҽ̣ĸ׵ʦã
ҶЦɫһûҽ̣еụ̂Ҫǰץңụ̂ûҽ̣ˣִ¸ֽɫ˵Ҳûãղ˵ĸ׵ʦãǿиҳϹϵ𣿡

Ůһ˪Ҷ죬ôӵģ
Ҷ۾ǲм˵ôӣƨ£
Ů˵¹ѩΪ¹ʥŮãҶ죬Իֶ۱ʥŮףû¹ﲻ⣬Ѿһû뵽ȻŶӳҡײƭ
ɭĿɨҶ˵ȣҶ쳽أҶҵô£겻ѾҶ죿˭ţȻö֮ʲô˼ҶҸ칬Ľô
Ҷҵһޱ飬һ
ŮӸߣôû˵ȫưˣҶ쳽أףҶ죬ھȻһȺм䡭⡭
ͻȻһ󾪲Ҷμ
֮У˲ŵŭ⣡
¹ҪѹˣССҶҾȻϣ˼ͦ
ǵ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫أ
ڴ¹档
Ҷ쵭ҶҼҶ죬¹ӡ
λӵɫԽ
λȷҶݵλһ˲֮󣬵ʱһɳŭȻ
͵һ̧ͷŶҶˣ֮УĺâɭȻúúãǺáҶңǺôĵӣ
漴ͻһȣû˵ֻҶ쳽ػ
͵ļͻȻྶͥȻһĸо
Ҷ䵭˵Ҷ£۴С飬Ҷĳ˵㡣Ȼ£кָ̣ɸ˵ǣڹƣ⣬ɹȥһ档
˵ʲôǳӼֱԼĻȻ˸ҶԼ˷
ѵӵĶô˿ûգӲ棬ȹһʾһ£Ҷ
صĴһĿҶ죬һֵ㾹Ȼ˶˵
Ҷ¶һЦ⣬һ䵭ҶĳΪβ˵
ͻȻðһķŭۿžҪȼһŭ緢Ȼᵱ֡
ҶЦ۾俴λӣ£ȴѾа
ֻҪ㶯Ҿִݻ
˭
¹ˣɱģ㲻ǵһҲԲһ
սս
֪ΪʲôλȻķ裬ȴʼûж֣Ƶƽ
㡭ˣҲֻ֮㣬㵱ȫ۾ȫӣΡ
ͬʱĿҶˣеѹ
ȫܹڳҶ붯뻮һͦţĿƵλӣͬʲô£
Ҷȥ
һԿɾ
Ҷ˵ϣһ޷˵׳η


352 ͦ
֮ǰҪ¹ˣҲɪ
Ҳᣡ
죬޴£䱰ϥһ죡
εĸ߸ϣǣҲǲ˵ˣ
վһͬͬʱͦţУЩҶˣһ̣һ壡
ɷָ
ɱһˣҪɱУ
һ飡
һߣһֱԿֻ֣ڴҶұʰüëѼѪҲԵˣۿһĻʱͻȻ
һȻ𾴵ĸоȻĵ޿ƣ
ͬˣļ壬һûбѹҶͬľκʱҲǲȱģҲΨһͬǣҶҽһֱĵףʼղ֮ڿڵĻ˵ѣ
˶ѣ
Ҽ˼ʶʣڣ¹ӴѹԼˣж˻ǰҶһ
޷˵˵⼸仰
ʲô£
ȥһԿɾ
һֺεȵĵš
¹Ÿ˵ɫһ˲ȫˣ
Ƿŭв졣
ηηβҶˣʲôʱȻйˣ
λӵɫԽԽ䣬ɱ񼫾ǰͦҶ죬һҶˣԥ˺þãһñڳת˳ɱ⣡
֣ģһ˿һ˵Գ磬٣Ҷҵʩð¹ϣڲ⣡
¹
ӵڴԶһ£ڴĳһ֣ɱ
֣㾲֮Уͬһụ̋
ƺһУΪһֶ棡
˶һ֣Ȼһ¡

˸ŮͬʱĴӦһˢһűѩͬʱʣ
˭Ҷ֣
ҶЦΪɱͬʳأӥޱ޼ʵĲпѪǳһȡ
ĳԵʱһתͷһҶЦǲмĮһӡ䵽ֿС
ҶЦӿкǲ⣬˽ղŲһμ棬˵ôĳڣֻ漴ˣŮӣؾ¹ԼĸʥŮ֮λ֣
ѾɾʥŮ֮λ
һо˳£Ϊ¹ѩĳޣעƲڶ¹ѩ˺ͶӣеǷݻĳ嶯Ѿ籬
ҶһֱСĹ˳߻ԭҲֵɣǽʱգ˳Ľڡ
ɱ
ޱȿ⣬ȴ࣬ٶȷһ˲пе
˲ʱ֮䣬һɿǰɱգͻȻء
ˣǱ
˵֮ǰҼΪҶҵĵŶݣôھΨеսľĺˣһʱ߿ɵ˲ʱĿ⣬Ǻأ
һ統ǰҶУʵǸԺɨŵӣʵ칬ǰȴʲô
ʼȭͷ󣬲ǵû㹻ʵΪѣһʱֻǻΪԼΪˣΪ壬ɱ֮һ㸲
Ҷ֮𣬾Ǹδ֮
칬Ҷҵĸѳɶ֣
Ȼڴʱһȡ
˭Ҷ֣
һȣȻңң
ϣ
һӰŮӣͬŮٷһ㣬ӿն
Ȼͬѩ£һӰŮϵһϮںڣżȴȻǵݡ
Ʈƹ
Ϊ׵ˡһڳǰҶ֮䡣
˶һָоһ£һͭǽڣˣ
Ӽ״ü΢棬Ʈƹʲô˼
Ʈƹ֮һֱ칬Ҷҳͻģ֮ȻңǳӲƮƹͻֻ߸˵ƹƣڵһʱֹˣ
Զ׼ĵһȭͷǵͬڳ֮䣡
칬֮˿еطȡᣬһϱ֮ǿʵͬҪмɵ֮ģη֮⣡
ȻǰǳµĶ󣬵˼壬Ѿ㹻
λһλŮӣݶׯĮ˵ҶƮƹҪѣҶҼƹĹͣݵö񣿡
仰һڣԭɱⲻɶƵĳӣҲ˲ʱɴ۾
۲Ųŵǰƹ档
Թ۵ʮˣҲͬʱ͵һӵɴ۾һ̣ÿ˵ӶҪѿȥˡ
ɶף
ҪѣҶҼƹĹͣ
ҵĶô


353 ţ
ƹɶʱκô˵
ţȲ˵û˵ǲе̫ˣôô˵أ֪˵ʲô
ǲǰҶҼҶ̧̫˰ɣ
ûи
ʲôҪѣҶɶʱʵˣ
ҶǼһòƲŸյϼεºܳΪƮƹĹأ
Σô˵Ҳ˵ͨԵ鰡
ʵ칬¸˸е˼飬ҶԼԴҲһͷˮȵŴ͡
զ£
Ҳ̧̫Ҷ˰ɣֱܳɲ˰
ƮƹλӣĸҶԵҲİϾѾЩͷˣΪǸ߸ϣκˡκҶԴɫ
żȥīûдﵽָĿģֱӾһͷĴ棬ֱǽʮҼǵµ軧һʹ
ĺɫԴǴûеģ
֮ǰҶҼҶ£λǰʹӶ㲻ϣֱӾһ΢ӡҶҶ쳽λǰҲֻбѵķݣ
Ǵʱ˿̣ҶҾȻҡһ䣬ˡƮƹҪѣ
Ȼˣ˵ȻѾ㹻ˣǲβһμҶ죬ȻҲɾˡƮƹĹ͡ݣ
⡭ǲ̫һء
ֱǷ˼޷ݵĵزˣ
˶ɲĿ۽Ҷ죬λεҶҼȻܹôţƣ
⣬ģȴҶ챾Ҳ״Ŵ͡
ҲһĪĵС
ҡɶʱôţơôôţأ
զ֪أ
Ϊʲôأ
˾Ī֮УոձϵӣٳУתҶ죬ѾһƬⶳһǫЦݣȻ񣺡ҶˣҶ˴ˡ
̬֮Уʮֵ֮⣬ӼСһײСͻȻһƶ֮ϵĴĵĳ羴Ľ
̬ȣʱһұĵ
һΣӲˣǴҶоԼӶۿ
Բۣ
ʲô
ô£
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҷεº˴⻹ô
ҶȻҲ֮У˼Ҳֻѹڷ𾪣ĺЦ˵̫ˣǷǣִԣҶĳмĪ˵ˡ֡
״˵Ҷ˵ﻰмԸĪҲӣǣ
Ȼ
ҲʲôʲôôǶ˵ˣ
⻹Ʈƹ
Ҷ죬εºܣʲôͷ˵Щʲô飿ȻƮƹ𾴣
ѵҶ˼˰ػݵ칬ʥŮݵƮƹĳƹʲôģ
Ҫƹ̬ô
Ⱥ۾ѩģ²ҲǺܿ׵ģȻβҶ챾ƹ߲㣬Ӵƹĳ˵ķģɵǰ̬ȵҲݵ˭Ǳģ˵˵䲻಻Զӣֲ࡭
ҶҲڷ㶷ɵ
˵ģǷݻ칬˵ʩ޼ɣĿӣֻҪҶ˵һƹͽȺ¹֮Ϥմһ׼¹̤벽
˻
һƬ
ڳһһо綼Լǰˣˣըˡ
֮ҲţԼڵĶĶ
ѵҵȾȻج֮ô
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ĳ˵Ļղ˵ʲô
Ѿ˽֮磬ԴƮƹĿǿ˵ŵȫȫǴƮƹ
ֻҪҶ˵һƮƹֱӺ¹ս
ݣ
һһվ֣
Ľ
Ʈƹ¹Ϊ󳬼һսȲݵֻʬɽѪɺӣ
عƣٵϰ򽭺Ӣ֮Уγһƽ٣
ĺƽ٣
ҪԶԶЦҶЦǳ٣
ⳡƽٵص㣬ȻֻҪҶ˵һ
ֻֻǣһͷ
Ǳߣӷŭͷը˾뱩ŭĿ棺棬֪˵ʲô֪㵽ʲô¹⣬ȴƮƹкιϵһ֣ʲô˼ǿͷҪʾƮƹǿȨ𣿣


354 Сʦܣ
浭˵ҸղѾ˵ˣģǷݻղŶڳ˾Ŀ˼ȴҪߵڰףǿʶֻǸͽˣоǣҲҶΪǳڹĻ˽Թֻڴ֣㡪һ˵һҶҶƮƹĹͣƹ˻ᾡԸ£ڶǳƮƹϵ׿ָʾĪвӣƮƹô˶๣˭˭ʲôҪǵľָֻţôֻһս
ƣ
濴ųӣɱ÷ô
ӲȻŭ棬Ϊ˭Ī˵㣬Ʈƹʲô˲ģΪ˶𣿣Ҫѹ¹ͷϣǻǷһ㣡
ƤЦⲻǷ±Ǳص㣬㾡Υ汾ϣҽϣ飬ϵָʾֻҪһ仰Ʈƹ¶ǰ̣޻ڣɱ÷ֻ㣬˵Ļ£ܹ¹𣿡
ܣǿսݣ
ͱˡ
˵ϡ⼸ֵʱ򣬾ͺһ˵Լ羴o֣ϣ
Ҳ
һ㣬Ҷó
ģϣ
Ʈƹ
ӵвɶҡϵȨ
ȻǹƮƹһ仰ǲɣǲɣֻҪһ仰ƮƹˣΪ޳ɣ
ҶЦȺ֮еĺѩ˴˶һۣȻ
ƮƹϣȻΪ
˵ﻰȴôҲû뵽Ȼܹһ
ΪҶҲϧ¹ս
һ飡
ҶЦ뺮ѩоһΣЩ
Ҫ˵ƹˣ˳ӻҶҵĻⲻΪ棬֮УڵϣֱӾǳƹֹǵ칬ǲϧΪеƣͬСɣ
ҶЦĹ񣬵θߵʵ̫ˡ
ߵҲЩŵĵز
ǶѵǷˣ
ֵͬʱв²⡣
ҶЦѾ㿪սѩҲ׼Ҫڵһʱ֣ҶЦǰʵȻ㣬ѩһʵȴ칬Ŀ
ȻѩҶЦϴһֱСԾӣ˵ѩʵδؾѷɫЦ࣬Ц쵶ദټãȻݲУĴִݲУʵ䱾ĥ´кôģټҶЦͳ쵤ͻƣԪָտɴʵȻ˵Ժɨ칬ȴӦǰ棡
Ŀǰȫòĳ˵ǿƳˡ
ԶӰɶ
һ۾鵽̨ϵҶЦ𣬼Ҫϵ

ɱ÷ȻΣҧ˵Ҫ˵ģֱֻйۣ·Ҷ¹ǰƮƹȴԶ£ǿгͷ¾ưոݵĿܣȻƮƹΰԵȴҪ¹һ
⻰ʵѾʾˡ
Ե칬ߣֺˡԵ˼ܹ˵˰ԵѾʾˣ
Ȼ½
ɱ÷δ䣬һʵ˵ƮƹҪ¹սĻôҲǺһݣ
ʵӰͬһ㣬Ʈ̨
һ˳ƫͷ˵ѱ
һְͣĿ罣
ڳˣкö඼ϵˣ
˫
չƷɣ죡
ͨ˵֮ϵĳ
ĳ֣
ɱ÷ԵʱŭȻеƮƹȴԲẦº󣬱Ͼ֮У칬Ҫߴ֮ϵģݺݵصųչƷɣŭ˵չƷɣȴ֪ʲôֹǺʲô£Ҫúӣ£С鷳ûȤ
չƷɸ߰һͷزǺ飬˵˲㣬Ϊͻ֪׹ʲô£УбҪô
ݸ䣬úѩȺһҧ
ѾģӦҵķ
漴ͿչƷͬһע̨ϣһҧгݵ̬˵Сʦܣֶۡƭ˺ÿ࣡
һߵҲһĹģЦá
һ㶣Сʦܣ
ʲôСʦܣ
ǿеСʦ˵˭
˭˵Сʦܣ
⵵θߵе˰ɣ


355 ӵı
ҶЦһЦӣµҲֻ߳λʦִݹ٣ԡȿȣղչʦӢɣʦַϲɺأ
˵ʱһƬȻ
Ϻף
λһѸײڶ֮ƵֶκɨҶңͬ壬׶üɨγīսŹӣȻǺˣ
һչƷɺСʦܣ
һ̶еһЩãȻ
ⲻⲻԾҲѧ
ǸҶЦŶ
ʮɣ
ؼ֪ǣԴλҶСүʼҶ츸Ӿͱȥ½磬ڻȶӵ¼λãҲ˵ҶЦ¼λ׵ģҶصҶòҲͲһĹ⾰ҶЦҲǸʱ
ǰ£ôͳ˺ĵأ
׿ЩۣҶЦʺ˾츳ˣһĳ˵ۣ˺ˡ
ôչƷɡ˵ʦأչƷʲôˣ˶ǳʱԶ£ʵƶ˼֣ͬʱǺҪıּںȳҲǼΪߣ󵱴Ҳֻͬʦԡ
ˣȻֻҶЦʦ֣
ǸղչƷԼڰ˵ˣһ˵ûģ
ţôǺ󵱴ҲֻҶЦʦô
ҿҲҸţһˣ
һˣһ𺳵ͷȻϮ
Ȼ󵱴ҲҶЦʦ֣ҶЦʦ˭أ
жԺ˽ˣˣоֳ
˶Ϲ
Ϊߵ̫ϳϣ
״ۣ
Ӱ
Ư
һ䷨һŮħͷͬһϹ
֮⣬ҲĿܡ
ԭҶЦȻλϹ֮һĹŵӣ
ӾȻȻ˻Ե֮һ£
Ȼ뵽˵ĵĲԸţа취ôʵȻǰԶ׼йŵȽҪݱôչƷѱ࿴ǺɫĶԴ
ȻɫԴֵ˵뵱Ȼ
ޣ㻹˵ʲôɡչƷ죬ȻŭΪСӣ˱λʦùѪͷһҲ㣬һ첻÷غ󣡡
Թ˵չƷɻǿ㡭ұλʦһ٣˭˭ˡ
ɫ˱䣬ƺ˵ձλʦĳ棬Щˡ
ҶЦЦǱʦֹΪտúܣҪǻҡͱˡ
֮ԱǣСڿλʦͷ⣬λʦԼֻҲ϶һСһָͷɡղźڰ˵⻰ʱ򣬲ÿôҾһ䣬˵ЩԼô
ҶЦűӣû˵֮
ζԻԱȴԽ۾Խ
ɶף
Ǹղʲô
λҶӣòƻǺλ֮һͽܣ
컰ﻰ˼λͬĵӣ
ʲô˼
Ҫô
ɱ÷۾˸źԼţʶʵСλʦĹͬˣ
չƷŲӲһ˵ʲôССҲСѾͷԽеģûûСĶ
ɱ÷ɫʱˣȴ˿ûп
ν˱˵ȻӣչƷЦ°ܽڶҶЦǰҲֻóԱķݣչƷ۱֡ݡʵ൱ߵġ
˵䷨״صǸ򶥼һֵչƷһ㣬ǿ󳬼䲢ɱ÷¹ʥŮҪ͹չƷɰ뱲ࡣ
ֻ򽭺ұԱʵΪǰᣬֻҪʵˣݵλȻҲ͸ˣӦıָѩչƷ൱ȴһı۽ıȴ¹ȴֲһŶۡ
չƷɽгɱ÷СѾͷƣԽ񣬶Ҳǲӣʵʵ˵ѣ
˼ʶڳɱ÷ԣչƷɽʲôĲص㣬صǡʵ
ѹֺҲҪǿвϽԭʵȻˡ
ɱ÷Ȼֻ֣ƮƹԼѾ˱֮⣻ּϺ˫ǿԱȸ⣬ǳɱ÷Լ¹ʵԸҲԲ˵ʤ㡣
һǲ룡
ôˣҶңڣʹ˳ưԣ
ۿҶҶЦǰ¹ѾΪǶ̵ð㲻ʣԼȴʲô
ᡢȴ޿κεĸоλ޵¹ʥŮ裡


356 ȥתһ仰
ܺãܺãɱ÷ҧ
Ҳ֪Լ˵úܺõ˵һߡ
ĳһַǳ˷ǸоԸҶңֻҪһ仰ͿǱ޴޴ĵز
ڣֱϣȴ޷֣
ҶԷ̬ȣޱǿӲ
ڣ޴޴ľȻԼ
Ʈƹǿӣԣߣɱ÷ɫ࣬һ֡
˼ʧ֮£ﻹȥ
һ飬Ժˣ
ܹһֱҶңһգ
ţ
ҶЦǳ䵭˵һ仰
ɱ÷תͷ۾ǶضҶЦ
ҶЦƽ̧ͷעųɱ÷Ŀһѩɭһ仰󹬹ٹһʱ䣬һȥ¹ݷãӻҵĸס
ƽƽֱ𣬵ͺһ֪ͨ
˶ѡ
ɱ÷ԼʱЦӻأӾͽӣΪ˭Ϊ¹ʲôط
ҶЦشĻ˵һ仰ȥת¹µˣĸ׺һЩ˶ѡ
ǲһЩΣɱ÷Ŀһ˵
ҶЦ˵֪ģֶ϶һ֪
УȻһĿĺ⡣
еĺɱʵʣ˳ɱ÷һۡ
һ˲ɱ÷ֻоԼͻȻ䣬
ԷΪԼԼڣһտԼĸоȴǲԼһŵԡ
һ仰
Ǿ仰ҶЦȻû˵ȴѾ˳ɱ÷̫̫ࡣ
ǸҶĸײãҾ¹
ʵ飡
֮ǰɱ÷Դֻ᲻мһˡ
źݻ˭ᣬ߶ǿ޿κ֮һֲ̬ȶѣ
ȻڸܹҶЦ֮󣬳ɱ÷Ҳ֪ԼôˣȻԷû˵Ļе⡣
һĺĸо
ڣһ֮ȻԼոնڶԷܷµĿȻ񶨵˼ûС
ȻϿ˶Է£
ָоûɣûԭ
ֻϿɣ
Ȼķ֣Լǻ㱵˲䣬
ҶЦһ۵˲䣬˳ȥ
ȫȻԷһ̺壡
ĵ׵ηˣ
һ֮࣬ǻָĳɱ÷һ죬ǿǹδȥĪ⣬ǿƵŭȵõҾͿʲôҲ֪飡ɽˮٻڣ
˵һ֣ͬһһӯӯƮ󣬰˸µӽϣɲǼ䣬ʧƶ
һֱ߳ȥȫĳɱ÷ڲԼѺʪңõԼ˼ʵһӣɫȻÿ˼㣡
ת֮ʣȻͣ˽Ų
ʥŮҪô죿ԱߣһŮ̽ʵ
ɱ÷һ˼ãŵع
ɱ÷˼ʵУԸӣżһ˿˿ĺĿġ

ӿʼʱݣڶ¹飬Ȼȥ
Ʈƹͺڲ䲻ȵķΧ£˵ű˴˭ŵĺѻ
ҶӰĿ־֮תΪһƬڡ
Ҷ֮ʮȴһɫӡ
Ϊ˶֪ھ˽֮ҲûκˣܹҶҵ
ûκӵпҶҵʵ
ӽҶң򣬾һҶĴڣ
֮ƮƹͺΪܣ¹ҲҪʱ˱ᣬѰط
ڵǰ󻷾ķΧ֮£ҶҾǵͬ
˵ǰƵĸһ鸴ǰϲ̬֮Уࡣ̨֮ǰҶ˼棬˴˻ƽƽԾǿԸҶҵġ
Ѿֻˡ
ҶԴҲӦ꣬Ȼÿ˶չ˵ˣȴ˸оԶ
ֿξУһҶҵĵλֱ
ҶҲһ޵ͳ˧ڳҰҲβ׽ƵĵңҶȻ֮ܡ
ԾɱֵøǰҶһôЩ˷ǵԼƽ׽ˣֻ͵͵ԼαӿҶҡ
ʵ֣ȵðƾãȻҪͷԵװǫѷ˭Ҳˣ
Լ߸ϵչƣܹӴ˽Щ˳׵ѹȥͨһʩѹܽЩô
󣬲ĳΨл𣬶ģҲ˳µĳҶҵĸӹ
ƶ˳ƶΪ˳ˮۣǱҪ壬ΪһҵҶβ״˽ڣ
ҶеˣԼ񳯵һһУԼҶҰҵĳ


357 ֲɣ
Ҷڼ򵥵Ӧһ֮󣬾Ըɴ̬뿪
ؼдƮƹˡ
ȻҶܶĪ׷һߵĵﰵʾҶұ֧ϣдҵļǣڼԴȫ޽٣ûȥʣڸϽ̽ԼҶǵǰؼ
ߣ֮ǰҶԵģҲƤ
Ͼ˶֪ӽԺ죬ˣ
ٸҸҶΪΪǾѰ·Զˣ

Ҷʢ˺չƷ죬ȻƮƹˡ
Ʈƹ˱ֵǫ˼ҵʵأԼҲڣк棬ԳֻҶЦʦ֣ҶЩϵĳҰô
Ҷ˶ԣЩһҲǴ˵еĳ֣ǿߣ˿
ƮƹԼչ˻Ǻܸӵģ˵޿Ҳ࣬һʱνڡ
Լ츳ܹú̫ϳϷ֮£ȻҶԣǲѽܣԼ㣬˱͸ÿź¡Ҷĵʵ뷨
ֻǶƮƹΪҪҶҡ̬Ȼŵ֮͵飬ҶȴǴ󲻽⣻ϯ޵̽˼䡣
ڴ£Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֪Ȼ֪Ȼ㲻ϡֻ֪Ͻ֮⣬һŲ֪
ʲôԭʲô飬һ֪
ƹ¶ԣµǾǽɣҪɣֻҪִУٷְپƫִоͺã
ƹ˿ԲɶִУԾ㯡
֪һЩν顯ҶЦ˼Ҳһͷˮ
Ȼ൱̶ȵİҲֵ
Ҳֱ̫˰ɣ
һλȽ֪顱ѩȴչƷɺһʼѾݼ٣˭Ҳ֪㵽
ò㡣
Ϊ֪չ˵˼չҲ֪
չƷɺǰҶЦһϴ󡭡ֱǲ룡
ҶЦѩεĵ죬ĳ嶯ǲеΣ

ʵݴֱʵĳ⣬ҶЦףòƾѾ֮ԴҲЩ㯵ģͬ벻ףԼʱôͻ
ǰݼڡòҲίʵǹЩ
һֺ֡õζ
ֻǲŸ뵽֣ϱ㲻յԼһ¡
˿̵Ͼֻܸоһķ̡
¶ǡ

㷹֮չƷȲĽҶЦһߣʡ
Сӣֽʲôڻ˵ʵôչƷɻ۾ڷ⡣
ǾǣϽʵҲۡ
ҾͽҶЦҶЦ۾һ޹мô֮ǰҶˣüôƭ˭ŪԼӣǺŪԼ
Եʱüʹȥ㲻˵ҶСӡ㡭
˴˼״Ƿŭ֮࣬ȴʱʱԹĿֻη塣
ҶЦ
֣ʵǸ̫׵£Լ̹ĵĳޣ
УÿÿҹλǲľĶǡɥ־
ֵʱܻ̲ס¡
ڡԼСʦܾȻͽ֣
˵Ժ󲻿ɱҪᵽᵽᵽ
ݱŤɾͱˡ
˵ҵְʱҸ׸ңһҪвἰҶЦʵ̯̯֣֮ܶһ仰α¶Լʵ֡˵ɶ취
չƷɺͬʱһ¡
Բۣ
׵
ôǿɡұȻԶԡ
Ҳ˵ʵ֡ʵҶЦչƷɾ˵ľҶҶĵЦ
ҶЦֳϿҵصͷչʦ͵ķǳλҾͲظˡ
չƷʶһҡ
Ǵľþ
Ҳ벻ԼСʦܾȻһҪΪ֮Ŀ֣
ҶЦأһʵô𣿿ĵЦϲаɣ
չƷɴͷɥû⣬ʲô⣬̫ϲˡ
ҶЦЦԭʵǺϲ¿ģЦڳľұ״̬ˣòƻܺǰɣ
չƷɴ˿̵ı飬ֱͻǱ˸ոֹһִҲƣߺ˵ţͦġ
Ȼʵһ־һ亹ĿֱⷢͷƤը˫ȷͥ
ȴվû˵ڡ
˻ΣؼԽϾ˼Ҿͽ֣ѵ㻹˼Ҹֲɣ
ֻǡ


358 Ӧķ
һ֣չƷɾҪ̲סǰǸ¼
Լţ͵Ϯ
ڵֵһ˲λЦȻת˵ضԼԼðķٺˣλЦȴͻһХҰ
׺Х𣬾ͬЦԡѪ磬ֻ֮͵Լǰ
ʱԼԱȫˣȫЦˣԼȴֻй¶о
ľ⣡
漴ǶһƱŭϮ
ԼԿһסϣƣֱ۶ۣͷ飻ƾδʵԼؿڣȴѾм߹һѹһ۶ˡ
ؼʱ̣ԼİܲĿս£໤ԼһưĽ޿ɸд
һ˲䣬ܵԼؿԼ໤һ·İԼǰȻһƻѪ⣬ѪԼϣֵģЦҶЦĮ۾
¾Ծɱ˪ѩĿֲ
һ̵񣬳ΪԼʣԼմһܻ
Χĸʱķ˹ܲǰһΣԼԾѹǻɻ⻯Ĳҵ³
ˣһֱ˽죬ԼԾûȫָ
Ц
Ǿһħһ
ҿˡ
ֻǣЦûչƷһӶٴζôµĵˣ
ܴݻһ˵ܴݻһ˵
Ǹ˵һУ
ʱ̫̫جУÿÿֵЦԼǱ˪ѩһ
ûԹޣûгӣûзŭûС
ֻһƬĮȻ
չƷһЦҶЦĵزȻǱΧҲӦܹЦȪ˰ɡ
֡ͦġչƷ̾Ϣһǲ֪ʲôԵ䣬漴ֳԺ߽ʱ򡭡㻹ǰķԸҪԱʾˣԽҶɡҶЦ֡ıʵ˿Ը˼һеĵزܲ¶ǾҪ¶ĺá
˵仰ҲĬȻãидĵ˵ͷ̾һ
ҼסˡҶЦ˿ص˵
չ˵̬ȣǺ⣬ҶЦβ֪ǡ
ֻϧ֡Ѿ޷ˡҶЦ
չƷһ̾
ǰͷٶȴѾ޴ˣ
ҶͻȻһ
ƮƹǿƳͦҶңкչƷͻȻҶμ֮Ǻ̫ϳϵ²ˡ
ԭҶΪе¹˱ܣ
¼ĺ䶯̶
αʵĺȴǣҶҹҶЦȻǺ̫ϳϵĹŵҶ
𺳵ϢƱһѸٴȥơ
ʵϣȷʵҶЦԣչ룡
ȵ֪Ϣ޿ɱ⾡ɫ𶯣ôϷԵĶȻϷˣҶһͷˮ֪ʲôԽǲ֪ȴԽǺ档
ԵĴٶȣκ˵
̶֮䣬ݱ˲֪Ǹĳţ

ɽۡ
Ӧһʤѩ£Ŀעǰ
ĿһƬѩ
˶ˣǸɫòЦһģһˣһɱ
֪ðһȺˣλЦʹɱ֡
ҶЦû뵽ʣ־ȻûúܣһȣΪȴʲôʸڽкУڣ
ȻսǾսϻʲôλЦҶЦȻ΢Цݲȵչ̬ʣ뵱ЦҶЦһģһ޶¡
ӦעһС
ȴûκζ
Ѿĵɱ
˶λЦҶЦչĵΧ
ڴ֮ǰƵѾĴΡ
һεʱ򣬾ӦҪˡ
ʱգȴҲˡ
һεΧλЦƴˣڻɱ˲ٺ֮࣬ɹͻΧɽ֣Ӧ˵ӣӦȴΪоƺʲôطԾգû¶棬û֣ûм׷Ǹ˵ҶЦ
ڽսԭظҹ˸õصȫ
ҹ֮Ȼ֣ЩѾλЦɱĵˣڵѾ֮󣬾Ȼһٵ
һ֮̾࣬Ѹʧɽ֮У߷ҲǸЦҶЦ޶¡
һ̣Ӧֻ
壡
壡
ЦҶЦӹɵľһ


359 ҶЦϢ
Ӧ˲ʱȻЩӦǷԼټһ֣ԣųһɺϡ
һԼ̲ס־ͻ˳Щ֮С
ǸЦΩΩФģ¶ȣԷ̶ܳȣɼһߣڶԷĵĲ֮£ԼܹӹһٵĻ΢΢
뵽λЦҶЦʩһʱԼͼȵĶ󣬾ǷԼһǸʱԼȴܵ
ҿԼûг֣û¶棡
ƾˣ
ƽĶۣӦ֮ʱ治ǲ֡
ʵϣڿǸ˵ĵһ̣˵ڿǸ׵һ˲䣬Ѿˡ
ҶЦҶЦȻû𣿣
˫սеĽڱǸҶЦͬ˾ԼǸˣ
Ҫȥϸؿһȷһ£ȴǿжסԼ
ݹ˵˽ЦҶЦƢˣӦ˵ǵڶһòû˭죬ǺѩֻⷽҪӦһء
Ӧĵһ˵ЦҶЦ˵ĻôҶЦĸǾԲԼ˹Ǳһġ
οҶЦҲû˵Լ
ּ˴ƢԣҪǱʱԼһСŮӸˣعƣҲöԼһӣ
мڴˣӦʼûóȻȷˡҶЦΣȻԭ֮⣬Ӧһǳɵɡ
ھһʱ򣬾λЦͻȻΧ˲䣬ӦѾҪֵһ̡
ӦȻ֣һ̣ԼоȻûеġ
ȫûκεģ
ȻǰսԵüޱȣʱ̻Ȫ·ȥַʱѪ岽ԼУȴƫƫûеġ
Ϊʲô
ôܣ
Ӧزһ㣬˲һºȫ޷ͻľ
ݲ֣
ٹƬ̣񻯣λЦ֣ƺҲ
Ǹʱ򣬾ӦĵһйپȻǳ֣ǱһĪϮԼǰڲɱǸˣһ˿⡣
Ϊʲô
ô
Ӧ֪ԼģԾޱЦǵԼȥҲǣ˼ΪʲôԼҲѹȫȻûǷǣҶǵĸоۼ̣ҲģΪʲôԼˣȴֻоһԴĵ׵ëȻ
ۺֲԾӦʶĵظел᲻⣿
ǾӦϴһı񵤣ȻЦıˣһϢŻ񵤣ԾܹȻ
ǾӦʼûгֵǰᡣ
ԾӦһֱڵȴѾеп⣬ȴԾϣľҶЦ
յĽȴλЦͻȻΧдǿƷˣɱΧﳤȥȻԷ˶ˣӦȻоδ̫ס̫ͻأһЩ
Ȼȴֲص㣡
ص˵ǲҶЦ
ԷȻѾûΣգֺηһʱ䣬ȷݣ
ʱӦԼ֪ԼΪλľ
Ѿֱôãôã˶Ҫĥ÷ˣΪλỹҪٵȵȣ
ʲôأ
ʱϵĴ㣬һ·棬ϸ۲Ǹһһ·ʱֱ˦Ƶʣȡ
ǰһһ֮ļС
𽥸о˲Ծ
ҶЦҿٿŽǰ֮еģ˵ĶֹȻҶЦ𣬵ϸʵȴмĲͬ
ϤҶЦӦߣ϶Բ
ȻȻݸоĲԾӦԾɱһϣ
һΪ˶˱Ϊȵˣ޷άֹеϰأ
һΪĳЩԵʣ˸ıأ
ھӦԣȻ֪Ծ˻ҶЦĻãȴϣ漣֣û
ֻҪЦҶЦûƣĲҪ
ϧֻ˶೤ʱ䣬ֳλЦĵڶνɱ
ӦһȷϣһУһ壡
ɲǼ䣬
ӦУֻһƬ
ԭվֻ壬վֻǼٻġ
һ飬Ŀʵʾһʵ
ԭҶЦվѾˡ
֮ԻһĻĳ֣˴ƭԼԼ壬Լأ˶ѣ
ǾӦԾȻһһεȥΣĴΣΡ
֮һ̵ֱûгֽһɵΨһԭֻСӦ࿴һۣţһ£Ǹ˵ò
Ǹ˵ĴڸС
֪ǰǼٵģŸãָܷĲ죬Ǹ˵ӣֻҪҲ¶棬ֻԶԶؿš
ǵϷǵǲöԸҵ塣
ЩҪ
Ψһ뿴ģֻǸӰ

ʱգѾǵˡ
ӦʶԤıԼȷԼһƬȴ޷Լзλ
ԲһδεƵ־硣
߰˸ˣǸЦ֣ƾ춯أΨƲΨֽк
ӦǺһ˿Ц⡣
ڣԷִһˣλЦҶЦﳤȥ¡ˡӦԾɾشԭһ
һΣֻ˲һʱʱ䣬ЩѾЦĺˣһٶһ
Ϊֹ⼸ˣѾˣ
δϷȻҪΣ֮ΣҪ񲻾ûԱˣ
ֻһƺһϷݣòʲô
Ϸ룿
ʵھӦԣûϷûɶ֮ԻȥΪĳ˵գĲҪ
ӦϢǰһЩͳʶ˵ʲôݣϾ飬֪֪˻бҪġ
ȫûЧءһѹ᲻ᡭǸŮ˸һ
ԲܣϷûгŮһһ˳ص
ζûг֣Ů˵ıΪۣöôôҲ÷˲ǰһüͷ
ĿһֵġֻҪǲ¶šΪ׵ĺ˵
ֻ˵֮ʣԼҲ̲ס̾˿
ȻԼ˵仰ҲûʲôģԼοԼ
ԮȻټӰѾѶøһЩоˡ
ǡ
ˣʱ佭ϿǺֵġ˵Ʈƹ¹һͻȻı˻⡣
ܰɣһɣ칬ǵôֻް֮գ
⻰˵ȻҲûʲô󶯾Ǿ˵û
ࡣ
Ǿ֪ˣǰڵĺ˵ѹ飬иİСңԵĵһû˵֪ʲô̡ȻڻûдδȴȻģȻɱ⡣
ôȻô˵ˣ϶֪ʲô̵ģϽ˵˵˶ʱȤ
˵򡣡ǺѹһǶǹªţΨϢͨġ߸ϸУӸ¸̬꣬¹ʥŮǶ֪ɣ
ǰ˭֪ôˣ
ôˣΪǸ
㡭˵¹ͻȻַŶԣŭҶңҪʲôҶҶ¹ʥŮ¹ѩĶɱ֡ʱƮƹͻȻ֣ͦҶңʽƣָʾбҪֻҪҶһ仰Ʈƹͻ¹ȫ濪սݣ
˻ôҲ̫˰ɣʲôⲻԼyyİɣ
ˣ滹иء˵칬ˣţ֮ʣ󶥼չƷͻȻͬͦҶң¹
ɶ⻹ûеˣզԽԽأզأ˸ԻˣóȻ룬Ǵյһ֣
Ȼԭģһشԭ򣬾˵λ½ҶҴӣҲҶ¹ʥŮĶӣҶЦŵЦͬͬգ¶Ȥɣ
ôȷʵҶҲˣȻҸȡô֡԰ҪҶЦôᷴҶأ֮ɣ
ǺǣΪ߻иȤءüɫ裺λҶЦҶȻ귽ʮ˾꣬Ϊ츳ȻǺλ̫ϳϹͬĹŵӡ
̫˰ɣ߸ͬʱѹֲסľһ
ǵǰʱŸ÷ֱɣԭΪλҶӡֻʱں֣ҶҶЦνҶЦλҶӹ֮󣬲ŻָıҲ̫֮УһֱҶЦıе츳֮ߣ̫ϳҲǶ϶ûǽģЦĹǰأǽɣίʵʱҲҲҲ
˻
ԭˡ
Ȼӡ棬Ȥúܡ
˵Ѿʸ֮ģˡ

⼸ĿɿڴӦҲЩĿϾӡ
Ȼȱʡ
һϢ֮󣬾Ӧ죬ϾйҶЦ֮£¹ѩ֪ȴһ£¹ѩնԼи
ԼбҪȥһˡ
һ뵽Ӧжʱðɱ
ȻҪôҿɾûղˡ


360 ɱǣ
ȻôҪңϧıƣôǼһıɡ
Ӧɱڶ
ȻҪôỹЩ˾
⼸أǱ˸߲ҵ̸ţĵطһӣܣڱһС̫ⶼ޷
Ϊ֮ǹѹ˵ȻǷĴ޼ɵ
һ˲䣬ԭ˵Ǹ۾͵һͻŵľɫƺǿ˸޷ŵĶ
һ㶣ͷȥ
ӳģȻһϮʤѩȻͿ˻ٲкһĺ󽣹Լ߶ɲǼ䣬ոոоĴʹûüгߵѪ⣬Ȼ죡
߸ˣȫûгֵأûüվӦǸҲֻһְֻ˽ѡ
ôȫɱ
һɱ࣡
ֻһ
ԾӦΪĵ͵Ϯ¾ЦҶЦһ㼶ǿߣҲҪԴοЩֻնѰ֣
ٶ˸޾ɭȻĽⶥΨһҴʺϣȻ⣬ס˶Էܡ
ΨһҴߣ֮ǰµˣ
ڣûиղŵ緢٩٩̸ֻľԼţ޴룬ȴһҲҶƴعµµת飬Ȼ֪ԼЩʲô
ۿ߸ͬ飬Լǰתͷһ˲ͬʱ߾ȪѪнڷɽȥûз
һ˲֮䣬ôûˡ
Ѿ־÷ѡ
ʲôˣӦоǱѩɭ㶨Ĳ˭ָʹǲɱ֣ʲô֯
Ľ⣬ڶԷʺͣפѪ
˴˼ŵñˣŵǡ
Ȼֻ˵ôһ仰ƺʲôмӹһ˿ſ
ֻϧûüгʺѾɾжˡ
¶ɫ˲䣬ӦѾ֪־Լעʲʲôˡɴһɱʡʾͬв
漴һϣϢһɺĲƤ
˸˵ʬ壬Ӧ˾ƶȫõ˲Ƥ棬²ƤϢģʹһС
еĺѪζҲӦ֮ɢӰ٣ۼ
ԾĿ̲Ծﻨ㣻˭Ҳ֪棬Ѿ˰Ԫ֣
ӦưƮ𣬾ںڰƮȻ𣬼ٴֶȥ
ʼգĽûϵڸ߶ϣȴҲ䵽֮µĸ߶ȣôάְҡҷ״̬ïҶΪڵʧټ
ɽ·ϡ
λЦԻǰУһ߾ع⣻Ϊ壬ȻĿǾӦΪǸӦţЩϮȴȫȻ޵ķʸ
ԣȻȫȻ⣬һУֻ¾㲻ҲҪܴԴıĽУǰҲġ
һСĽ䱸ʱֵܳĹһֺ֣߲֯ȷǾӦƬɽ֮ڣϸ£֮ǰŪĶҲ㹻Էʼûأ
֯ΪȷһʧľɱӦԼΪĵľɱ֣Ƭаɱ֣ȻֳʧԾӵоɱӦʵ˴ֱʵĲãܵİΧȴӲûκη֣͹¡
Ӳʼ˽죬ǰѾü˰ɣ
жյԣӦýˡ
ȴƫƫûн
λЦҲ޿϶λӦûзԼ֮ǰѾ뿪
ܲ
ԭеİţûʣԼǰһЩͿϢһᣬȻǰת䣬׼Է֮԰Ϣ̷ΣΪڳԷǸʱǸطһϮʱ̣Էʱ
һλӦɱֿʼ
ӣɱֶԣҲѾ͸ˣ֯ȴ˵Ҳֻܼȥ
ĳ̾һȴ¶ƣ۵ӣһϢӣ۾
ʵϣ⻹еϢռ䣡
Ȼոձ۾˲䣬ȴͻȻ͵ˡ
Ϊոձһ˲鵽һľİӰ
ٶȿۣĿһŮˣȻ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ǰ
һ绪ľˡ
ҴģԼһǵһμôŮˣ
ȻŮ˲þˣΣյþˣ
ΪŮгһڽ
ڽĽ⣬ڳǰʼԼ䲻ݷ֮ƣסʺ
ϣأڲϵð˪
ΧĿƺҲһ˲䣬½δֹЪ
һ˲䣬Ѿ֪Ů˭
Ӧ
˴ɱֵľɱ
Ȼ˼ʣȴǾɱɱ
÷ɱ棬ȻԼƾʵǶ֣ԼӲǾԵĻôƽΣְɣ
ǣֻ΢һ£˲ʱ˴㵣תһ˼ЩͰ͵˵
֯оģԸӦңֳԼǡЦҶЦѷ
Ӧһ˿ҶЦûһϵ
Ӧѩ˪ϤףЩڽ˵ݵòһֹȶģµúƣֻϧһֶԶģ²ģٵվ治ˡ
λЦҶЦòʹ˵㻹ںҡ
ӦĳһЦ˵һ仰ȤǷʲôȻҲðҵİˣ
ð˵
⼴ʱһ£ѷסٶЦһƤʱ
ĿѪ졣
Ƥνһȥµʹ࣬ȴһˣֻǻ
ƤôԳڱϣӦĮ˵䣬һðӺҵϡ
ȾֻŵĿ⣬вŵŨŨɻ
ҵıҵ̸ֹȶ⣬ȴôô϶ҵļðģ
ο
⡭ôܣ
˼ӦúְɡӦĮ˵߾Ȫ֮ǰס˵֯Ц˽ú͸ġһһУÿһԣģµΩΩФ覡
ӦаգҶЦҲӦûΪԼվӰɡ
ȴܹʱҶЦĲ죬ʲôأ
ӦУһеĽһƶ˵Ľʵ˵Ҳܼ򵥵ҶЦǹǣԴԹʣֻ˵ĳģζģ²ġ
һּȵĮȻĮԲٿݶں̬ȣﲻֶԼҲȻ֮ѣﲻƶ֮ϣȻλȣﲻ
УҪһ㣬ĵ׵ǷǸΣﲻ
ӦЦһЦƾ㣬ƭңǵӶ߹ɣôñô
ɱǣΪҪԸңΪǵ壻ֻΪǲüð
Цֻһ
ţɱǣ
ɱǣ
һƬҵɫȴһƬȻ
ԭˡ
ԼܵòԩϾЦǵ۷ǿߣôܹðģܵ覵ıɫƭһ˽Ůˡ
ƻǱûгɹĿܡ
˻ı۾ô
漴ͷͻأضһ¡
ԭǾĽ
Ӧ֣סĲӣͼֹĶ˼ΪģرЩ˽֯Ļ
ȴʼһֻλð߿УȻðһź漴һɺѪðԴһᣬһغظ
Ӧһû˿ϸϸؼðϵĶȴ˵嶼ڿٵãƬ̹⾰廯һ̡
ӦʱĿռָǿյģֻһѽҲûκζˡ
һӦȻȻȥˣ
Ӧüͷ
Ȼжˣ˭ôĻǵҪɱԼأ
⣬Ҫô
֮⣬ҲͲбˣ
ߣӦһߣػǴϢһʱ䣬¹ѩУٻˣ
ͬ漴зӿһƬƣű۵糸ȥ׵òŴ
£ʱﱻӦڵǱ䱸ҲԽԽɭϣƽĶۣӦٴȥܹɱĻҲܶࡣ
չս
սʤãֱûУ֪֮ӦǵģߣαʶۣԼܹܿȴһУȫԼ˵ôףżȻ붯ȹɱ֯Լһζ֣Խһչ֮⣬ʱԽɱ֣ʱȥиһʱԴգ
ѡȥһ¹ѩУҲŷɾ衣
֮¼á
һһڣ
ҳŵ£һ
ȻŮӣȻӵо˶߱ģһŵǧأ


361 񴫳У
˿̣ӦȥѾȥһĹ
вӰ˷ϹǾӦղȥʱûпӪĵԪƷƣЩˣʱڻ֪Ѿ˱ʡ
Ӱ˷ٸǿֳһĻʱȴ⾡𣬶Ȼͣס˽Ų
ƻȻȫʧˡ
ûмˣѾʧܡ
ڣ֪Ϊʧܵġ
ʱһӰԶʼź嫷׺ХշأԻڼȴѾǰ
ĸߴͷϴһƽߣԨsţɷǷ
ס˼˽٣һ
ǻƽ߿Ϳһۿϵļðʬ壬ؼƻʹսᣬ֮̽еЦȫԾӦļƻⶨճ̣
ΪΣ˲⡣
ÿһרԼƻǴ֣ĿӰģߣҪ覵ģߣǼ򵥣ǵҪʱۻճ־ãҪģ±һУ䱾ΪһѾЦҶЦģ߶ۣòϰ֮⣬Ϊ಻ܵ͡
ΪȽΪΣΪҪԪˮ׼һԪ׵ߣȻҲ£ǻƽ߿͵ĿԵϢƱӦɵҶЦȻѡֹһˣֱʣν
ĴֱʣȻ˵ƽ߿͵ĸ֣òֲ̫һ㣡
Ƕ˶ԣе˼ˣ̫ݳ˷˰ɣ
ԭܼ򵥡ӦƤƽ߿͵Ŀһ۲ݴеһƬѪ⣬ϡֱܷһ˵Ƥ滹Ųٵļ⡣
˾Ϊ֮ĬȻ
ƽ߿Ų˼˵ƻУƫƫţҪԣǾӦȥÿ죬ǵټǣֱ׾٣ѶȡֻҪץסôˣй¶ܵĿܣͽ󻯡
⽫ķա
˵һ۷ֵʷɸȫ޷ð䣬Ҫԡߣ
ƽ߿֮УȴҲ֪ʲô˵ıԹڳһٶԪ֣ǹӣϹϾš
ƻɣҲδؾʲô¡룬ӦŮ֮ĳԹּһ㡣ƽ߿͵ȫԱնӣȥ
һ£˾ӦһȻΪ㣬˲Ϣ֮䣬;ʧããɽС
ƽ߿͸վɽۣңԶӿ춯ˡ
ӶȻһΣʧһƬƮ֮УӰ١


ͦǿƴٳ֮£Ҷ˲ΪƮƹĴˡ
ζƮƹļڵҪֲȫҶתҶҳƮƹнԴ
֮壬ȡ˺ϧֲ͵ҶܵƮƹԴһΥߣҲҶҳ棬ƮƹȻ
Ĵǰ֮£ΧڵеطҶհ
ĹٷչƷɸӵĸҪֲҲ˳Ҷͷϡ
һʱ䣬ԭطҶұֿȣ׷
ţòƾϲû꣬ƮƹΪ˾ͽ£⽫Ʈƹ㣬ҲҶҼ
һ۾ͿǶҶչ׵ı
һȥ΢ĵز
¹֮ĳպҪˣֻҪƮƹͶҶң
ĲеطĽӶˡ
˼Ҷҵ˵ֱûˡ
ȻԾɲ֪ƮƹΪʲôҪôҪôôĳףǣ˼ҼĶҶЦٻʵʵڵĺ̫ϳϹŵӡ²ˣ
˵׾Ǻһ֮֮ϵݣ
ڡϹﻤ̵Ըǡһ֮¡һˣҲҪĨ
ֱӾǺҪˣ
û֮һҪ
ҶЦʱҲǴسһҶҼȻȫԼϵôһ¼ʵǺбҪΣ
޾ռĵҩɽ纣
ðײã˲ã
óһЩҷһ֣ԼĹٷ;ǣʦͣ
ЩҲʶЩƼ鵤ҩ
Ҷ˵ȶԴ˵Ųɡ
ⲻ֪ÿҶЦô˵ʱչƷɺһ֣صĵͷһ߿ЩҩˮǵģʦеĵҩЩʵõģһˡ
ЩҶͬŲɡ
Ժ̣óһ㵤ҩҲӦ֮Ⱑ
ǴүǿǺ̫ϳϵ²ˣû֮һҪĴ
õʦ鵤һԼˣȻеϣԭԭ

Ҷ˿϶ǲ֪չƷɺʲô顣
λɲǺĸˣȻˣҲȷԼСʦó鵤ʲô鵤϶ߵһΣ
ۿһԼδŶδŵ񼶵ҩͱҶЦôԼʦŵ壬͸Ҷˡ
Լ˷ǵһҲòҪϸŰæԲѡ
һĭҪмһ˵ӣɶС˼ˣеǡ
ʲôеǣ
һŶûУһŶû
ȻˣǵҶЦôἶ֮ߵ鵤ϾҲ֪Ԫ֪ˣҶЦѾµĸ߼ԪĸƷ鵤ȻӲڻ¡
ҶЦ鵤Ȼߵף鵤Чȴֻͨڵͽ߹ȻЧǷչƷĶǿߣȴҲδضϡ
ȻˣҲչ˲ûʶҶЦ鵤ȻǴ˵еġ񵤡뵽˵㣬Ҳǵȡţӱ޵ͻţŵʦо
˵ӵҶЦѾͬӵеĳ鵤ߣҲδҪĵʦ
ҶЦϵطַ鵤ͷҶҵʵһأ
ҶЦʶһ۾ܿ׵˵ǰȱҪΪĸΪĵҩƿ׶εĸƽ׵
֮ķ治㣬ͿԵõķĲ䣬һ£ʱͻͽسɷľЧ
ҶЦҶѡӣרżص
⼸ڷҶЦŵҩֳ֮״̬չƷ춼Ϊ֮Ŀࣺ⼸꣬ԭʶҲǲѣԼţҲֻǲĻɫ
˶ѣ
ȻھҶЦ鵤ɱ֮󣬾չƷҲͽĳ嶯
һȫɱʣ
壬ͨ͸Ҳơ
⼸Сһֻһվ
ͺҪԶһ㡭
˹״չƷ˳
ôأ
СʦܣС˼ϵܣòʵ̫һЩɣ
һͻ˵ԪǵҲˣҶҲ֮ɣǸ츳ôɫүүڵԪĻֱƷе˰ɣȻµĳֻҪͻЩȾҲ֮У⾫ķе̫˰ɣ
ȻȻ̫ˡ
㾹Ȼܹһ̥ǣ
ȴǴĲٴĴˣ
ֱӾǸ컻صֶΰ
ȵҶЦڽҶһæ꣬չƷȲһνҶЦץһߣ̱ƹ
˵⵽ô£չƷӣһ㲻¾ûĿڡ
ʲôô£ҶЦһ㯣ĵҲ֪ʵʲô
ϽЩҩʲôչƷɼˣЩ鵤Ʒ֮ߣʦҸûԣû˵ԲҲͰˣԲԲǸģʦһƤĽʺޡ㡭ڻ˵ʵ̫ʦֵˡ
Ŷ˵ЩҩҶЦ˿һΪǶء
ҿ⻹Ǵ£Сӵ˱ǲǣչƷɺӶˡ
ЩǺȴһŶûкòõĳƷ鵤òãôȥٿšȻǲʲôö
֪Ƕۣʹβô
ѵЩ֮ĵҩУȻֻһЩֵһĻɫ𣿣
СӸҲһˣ
ʲô£ҶЦһ˫޹۾ƺʲôҲ֪˵ЩҩҩЧҲô£Ǻöء
չƷһͷߡ
һʱ䣬ȻԶԡ
ȻЩҩҩЧȷʵʲôǵҩƷ༶ߵ̫˺òã
٣Ƕûмĳ߼òã
˶һۣ̾һȴһʱ䣬ֱȻ֪˵ʲôźá
ãչƷ˵Щʵͦõġ
ͦãҶЦ˵أϴ赤ԪԪƽЩҩǳ׵ҩòã֮УרŸĵʦƣҪûСɢЩգλʦֱЦ̧ңҲ˵ģ֮ʣҲЦЦ֡
ҶЦķʣչƷֻ̾
¿ȷòСһĲ
̾˵治ǸǿЦ֮еĵʦȻƳЩҩ͸ҩЧԣɢȥЩ޷Ƚϡ
룬ޣȽϸëߣüֱ̫ԶˣƷ༶֮Ĳ죬˵ԶᣬһȷЩǻƽĻŵʦЩͬ͵ҩʯͷԣʯͷ硭
ҶЦ𾪡״˵ɶ
ҶǴҪװɵװˡ
չƷ̾߰˿˻⣺Ҳ֪λʦԪ֮Դ϶Сйأ֮ǰʦר޵ǾƷɣȴҲѵֱʣ㡭㵽״õġЩҩ
һչƷᵽҶЦʱüɫ裺λʦ𵱳µԪƷȻͬףǿǳߵ֮еľƷ鵤֮ǰʦ֮Ʒ񵤣ҵΪδ˾Ȼ޴ӸƣɢȥҩǿǺû˵ͳ
չƷϢٵעоԼڳ˵ʱ䡣
˵뿪֮󡭡һ·ߣŲνһɽ֮СҶЦ˵
ʲôɽһʡ
ɽƺǹŹ֣һȥ֪ôĪصһ棬Ǹ£ϵ¡⾹Ȼȫǳʱֱ״ġ
ҶЦ˵ɷн¡
չƷɶȴһͷˮ
ҶЦ˵ȻǷǸڣʵ״ʵֹɷ££ȫĲ٣
ǡһʱǱ߾סʱΪкߣȻҲûʱͲһ£οǸû侳չƷˣ
¡ϵ¡⾡ʱֱ״ģչƷɺһۣѳζǣʵû˵ڣأ
ڣȻһʱϸӣȴ˾ϿȫڵȫȻ⣬·Ǳرѩ겻
ҶЦһһ۵˵ʱǸư뾡һа취ҪѰ˺þöûҵ·ҪǣһûٳԵģֶ·ֻҸط˵˵Ҳɣҷ֣һɽɽϣȻи
ʱȻǲ˼ؾ˽ȥ
ҶЦ˵չƷͬʱȻ
⣬ͳ
澹ȻһλһߺҲ֪ˣ˾ֻʣ¹ͷǼȴ񣬼ӲޱȣȫȻ޷𻵣ҳ̵޷ֺҶЦ˵
չƷͬʱһֻʣºǣӲޱȣ޷𻵣޷𻵣
ʲôΡ硢Ϊǿأ
ģѾ֪Ϊǿߣֻ֮ʣºǵʱҲԲôӲ
ǵġҶЦ϶ĵͷȻǺǱϵʯϿ֣˵ⵤ񣬱˰㡭
ҶЦ׻ѻνھϲȷ¡
ûʵ˵ϾҲ˵Щҩʵʲô
չƷɺһĵ˼ĹѪǿҹ£̣һʱأͷǣͬһ㣬˲ʵĸо
˵Ǻǵⵤ񣡣
ǡ
˵ⶴ棬кܶƿҩд;
ǡ
еҩȫȵƷʼ
Զ׼
͵ǵ˵ĴУ
⻰զ˵أҪ˵ԭĵʦҲ൱˵ɽʦҲǿɵ񵤵Ĵܣδر㲻λⵤ񣬼ʦ֮ǰ֣صĸ˵ǲĵţ츳ʦ֮ϣŵȻϷ󣬸һ¥ԣʵôϡǸⵤĴУƽ״飡
ҿСӸҲҸһ㣡
˵ʲôҿɸ˵λʦȻָԪĸ߽ԪԴԭʦУΪǿЦ𣿣λʦҲչֱ裬ߺߡ
Գⵤǵˣ֪ں
ˣһɽһɽߣ֪ʲôûţֻиŵˡţ˵뿪ʱɽĪˣ
ǰĪˣԴҲǰ˼⡭ôͻȻأҶЦһԻ
ƺǵȴűΪԼ
չƷľ


362 Ů
λСʦܣȻ˵ˣȻ֮ˡ
Һ󣬵ô˾ţ
Ҳ²⣬ǴӦǡλǰ֮ǰĳֽơһк˵õ䴫Уͻɽ壬ΪԼ֮ҲҲΪ桭
Ʋţ˵ԽԽ϶òԼˡ
ŶҶЦҡҡͷĲϡĴУԭʦϵͳ
ٶ㲻ϡ֪ж˿źҪõĴô
չƷͻȻСʦܣ㡭õĵҩһж٣
ҶЦգգۣҲûж١Ҳİٿţ಻ٿŵӡţôࡣȻûϸĵӦǲģҽɢȥӵĵͽ׵ҩʲôģΪ
ѾҲˡֱͷô൤ҩӦûв١ȻѾҶҼô࣬һֱϸţҶҷֳȥĵҩĿԲٿš
Ҳ˵ҶЦֻİٿң
ô뵽ˣȻ˳ôʵҲ˵ﻹвٰɣ
ûˡҶЦʵʵ˵ڵõҩ֮Ҿһ·ԡ˾ͳԣҲԣ˻ԡЩҩȻǵͽ׵ҩҩЧĲף˾;ٱһ·ԼǳһٶŰɡ㻹ţһ·ϣԼΪͻͽԪƷϾҪͻƵԪˡ־Щ鵤ĹͰɡ
ҶЦϲε˵ʱĽӦû԰ɣ
˵۾Ϳöû˵һ仰
ô
ֱ̫ˣ
ٹΣ뽩ֱ״̬չƷɣԴ顱һʽϣ¡ڣһ׶Ѫ˻˵Щ鵤͵ʳ伢ˡһٶš
ǰһЩѰ鵤ôֵʲôҶЦһа
ֵʲôҿôû˵չƷᣬݺݵ˵
չƷȴǽǻ޷߿ȫעڡ˵֮ˣ
Ʒ֮ߵľƷ鵤ԼһӶûһţһ͵Ƕһĳˡ
Ѿˣ
ѾĸҲ˷һ㣿
ѾĸҲôݳ޵һˣ
ŶҲˡ
찡ذϽһ˵ɡ
ԸûЩ
̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ݲˣ
һٶţҲӦûиడ۰Ͱ͵ʵ
֮ǰһ·λѣ˳ʮţʱ̫Сˣһ뵽Ҷ죬˰ҶЦʵִܾٵ˵
ɶʮţȱˣϽ˵Ǹ˭ɶ֣һ̧ͷĿڡ
֪֮֡һ˳۵ѣνʣǡ֮ˣ˵ҵʱôܶԺôС㲻һ룬ҲһٿŰȻŸʮţôõó֣һ㶼ʦ֪ˣ϶ҡҶЦ˼ı顣
飡
飡
չƷ˵Դˢˢʽϣ׷׵£ĵװɥ
СʦܰСʦܣôĶֶ֪Ȼͳȥʮš
ȻҪѰ˼Լ̫Сˣ
ȻҪָ˼һ룿
ȻȻȻ
ȥˣǴҪǴô
ؼҺҷ״ãͷкʵ鵤βãȻʮŵ壻үү״Ȼǿһ㣬ˣȻûүүģһͬʰҶЦ˵
չƷĿ͡
ȻѾ׵ɵˡ
ȫ֪˵ɶźá
λʦ֣զˣҿûЩɶöҩõô֮Ҳרְʦ𹩸˵ӵҩǲΪҲ֪һⷿĵҩɣʦȥι۹ģҶЦ¶ʵ
չƷҡ
һʱ䵱˵Ҳûˡ
˵ɶ
һ˵ɶ
һⷿȷʵǵҩ١͵ҩƷ༶ԣͨһ鵤ҲǱȲϵĺòá
ֹǺ󣬷ĸǸˣӵеǵȾƷ鵤
˼Һųⵤľǵʵ޻٣
һƬĪȴȫ޴ߣһѪѹȥӿѹȥӿһžüѪĽעܱˡ
λʦ֣ѵȵԪǿ߾ҲѰ鵤ҲȤϻЩ
ҶЦһ֣ϵĶʮСƿӣ־ЩˡҲǺöλʦǵ⣬ͶȥɣҪǿ˵زֱ˵أǲ˵һĳҩֻñΪû棬ļ󣬴ʦֵܣҲŰѻģ˵ôߵݣôôСأ
ĿĿɿڴ

ȫȻ˼ҶЦǺڵ̭ྣ
ΨʮСƿӣ
ղ˵ʲôˣò˵Щҩ͸ˣ
ģô
ⲻİɣ
ô
ղžȻĲ˵ЦȻġ
ЩҲһٶŵӡҶЦ˵ЩѾҶЦϵȫˡ
һ㣬νԶ׼
ղŻһ£ûоκѡȫ˳
Ҳ˵ֻЩôʹһȫŪ
ĵҩȻһٶţǺεȡְ
ңЩҩòѾˣ
ڴ֮ǰ붼°
չƷɺתһ룬һҶЦ֮ǰѾִŵĻӻٿš͸оԼһ඼ھΣʹ
ˡ
˹ͬ˼ȫһ¡
ǡڴƿ֮󣬿һſŻԲĵҩƵڵɲǣȻܹΧŵҩеʱ򡭡
˾͸ӱˡ
ү⡭⾹Ǵ˵еĵ񵤣˵УΨƼ鵤ܹάѭȷҩʧ
ٿŰ˵еĵ񵤰켸棺ôûˣҲٰܼһˡ
ҶԼˣλʦҪǲĻȥҶЦһ֣ѰҩŲֿĿֻûкܶɣ
չƷɺ
ĵҩŵĿȴûкܶ࣬ʵûкܶ࣬˵ûкܶ࣬Ȼ෴òã
ԣûкܶ࣬ѹһŶûвŶ԰
ˡզϡͿȵزء
ţԼҪĽЩҩˣôҶЦصʱ򣬾һ˿ޣ
ʱҶЦ᲻δ֪Լ˿϶ޣ
ΪλʦԻὫԼ趼ϲȻȱ޳ֶƭСʦı鵤
Ǹɵó
ҪҪƤˣ
˰Թ״ҪҪ
ѵҪ˼͵ľƷ񵤣ƴǵ
Сʦܣʦָ˵Щ鵤ҲҪ¶ǧǧ򡭡չƷɿģǧǧҪСʦܣǴ£飡
զʦһ߶أͼŵҩֵʲôҶЦֹһĲмһˡ
Щ鵤áչƷɺĽƿƳȥоԼϸһһһӲĥ
ѪܵĿӡ
ɶ˼ôΡҶЦü˵šǼŵҩôֵôĥĥôԼˣõʲôϵҾͿҪƫƫ˵Ϸ룬˼ô
ǿнҩֳݣԼһݣֱչƷɺ졣
ȫָҪġ
չƷɺ֣Ҫȴֲ˼ãһֱҶЦǿεĹ̡
չƷ죬СʦܣһǸ˵ʵɣЩ鵤ȻƷƷײߣƷȴ鵤ƼҲνĵ񵤣һϵ鵤͵ۣӵееҩҪصö࡭оǣŵĵʦûκοܣܹƳȵҩǺԽѹʹӵйƼ鵤㡭ҵ˼ô
չƷɻСʦ֪ܲ£߾Ʒҩ顣
ջǾһж˵˳
ͷ
Ҫզһ𣬺ûһӣΪ˶һģʽ
ҶЦһ£һůȻ
ˡ֮ǰУڵͬš
ΪˡǺܲġ
룬Ϊһ˵ĵߣ˻Ǽصס
ԼҲǳĵĺã
һҶЦЩӾ᣻һ죬ԼչƱػվԼĶ棬ôԼԴ
λʦ֣ûҵĻɣԭʦǵһ;β֪еĵҩЩ֪ʲôǵ񵤡
ҶЦиӾᣬǲԣǵΣҩûԵģõģ鵤ںʵʱصԼһ˱иô
ͬʱͷ¸Ĳ
ҶЦĻȻЩҩԭԼԼȴֻСʦĿ󷽣ͬŷ
ߵģı֮£ĵ׵ǷݲȴԽԽŨҡ
λСʦܣұȻף
оǣΪΪʲôЩ鵤ǣΪǶоҪЩҩЩ鵤ǵĵҩְʹ˵ôҶЦ̾˿
һ˲ҶЦͻȻһֻصо
ǵˣ񲻾Լɵģ
ָȴҲΪԼ͸ǵĵҩָġ
飬ƺһȦֻ֮صԭ㡣
Уȴǵģ׺ɣ
һҹ֮չƷЦŴӸԷ߳ˣһҹȬҩİ£Ϊһ
Ҳ⼸֮У˶һ£Χˡ
νˣҲֻԾ޷׽֡
ʵֿǿʼʧʱӦҶЦõҩɽеһ̣Ǵһ̿ʼ쳣Ծ״Χޱ֮ľ
ˣ֮ѱ֮ǰҶЦҶҵӵʱزԶӿ
ڵõȷһ֮ȴ˶ˡ
ʧ
һ屬Ĵӣߣ⼸
ԭھƵΧ֮Уһ˳ƣΪȻڻ£
Ҳлָǿˣ
֪Ѹϯ
еĳͻȻ俪ʼ˹פء
Ĳë֮أ˲ģ
˶뵽һ£Ȼȡˣôڱѹô֮˳ܵѹȻתǿԭ
ԴһЩھּѹ֮ķҲֲ
ԣһεɧ
չƷɺλȻǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ɴҶҵӵ֮У˲ٵĵӣ׼ȥʱ򣬴ࡣ
ƮƹҲҶҵŮ֮У˲˵ӡ
ΪͶұҶЦڼλʱֱͳ˾ŶƷãһҪȥɱ޵ļƷ
ҶЦóЩʱλƮƹӼ鶼Ҫ˳Ƿݾϲг
Ҳ벻Ⱦϲ
һʱ䴫ѶţϽɼ˹רҪǵԪƷϵĶ֣ǰŶţ
˳㣬յŮӴȥ
ľϲ
һʼҪԼҶңͦҶҵʱ벻κɣֻǳڶĹԷӣϸִ
ϵҪɣ
ڣȴȫӡ
̫ȼ֮ҪǲȫͦҶңôЩƷ϶ǲƮƹˣʱ˿̣Լˣһ飬Ҳ򲻻Ҷܵ˿˺
ΪλҶӿ˵ˡòҩɽĳȳǸڣǱҲġ
˵ɣҲ޽٣˫ѺùϵҪ൱ͲܸõĳȥֻһĸĹϵ϶Գ־ãоǣҩɽϵĿռ䣬һ䷨Ǳ޷Եľ֮˼ҶЦбȥȡúöȻ˼ҵı£
ͨ˵֤ʵλҶүһ鲻Ĺ屦
ڽȥ⼸һ屦ڸչƷɺд裡
ңע֮£ֱͻƴ󾳽ƿʽ˵ԪһƷΣ⻹ԶԶûдﵽޣΪ֮ڣΪֱ˵ԪһƷ۷Σ
ֻҪһĻۣҪԪƷΣ
ǽֹΪľ˽Ȼϣȴδںţ˸е˼ȴǡһһд֮УֻҪչƷ˲ǿе£ҶЦȻܹסһʱ䣡
Ȼֻ֧ţֻм֮޻֮ϾڵԪ߽ǿ֧ˣ
սչƷÿһ춼ھжȹ
˸ȥ⵹Ǻεȵı̬ܽô죬ʵǡû

ͬʱңԶһؽ磬Ʋ֮УһӰ۵糸һ򼲷ɶ
Ǿһ磬ϢطԽˮǧɽ
ϸ˵˵ƶٶȲǺܿ졣
˵Ǻеġ
ΪеĿֻȥһиѡ
Ȼһ·ɽˮ̬ƹȥҲ֮У˳㽫Լʱսµ˺۴һ£ظһԼԪ˳£ǡ֡
˵أʵôҪֻΪһĸ׵
⣬ҲΪ˵ԼԼЦ壬һ΢С¶ѡ
Ӧȫ֪һȥԼһʲôӵת䣡
ƮԽһֵĴɽ֮ʱӦطٶȣƶһ£ִɽ֮УǴĵرġ
£̽һҲ˶ٹ֮ǰս֮࣬ԼͷȻ̫ԣˣֲһǺ¡
ô롢ҪжʱȻ·һź
һɾ¡ϲǿƣ
˲ʱӣɲǼݱռز¼ĺ򣬺ХԼǰ棡
Ӧ״ʶ㶡
Ǹ֣
ңΪߵ׵ָ֣ߵԼԶԶǶֵĸ߶ȣ
ôԷ˭أ
ӦУѸðһ
˵ĻơΪ̬ÿ涼Եϣʮֵϣ
ǸˣȴǷⲻ˼顣
ȻǸ˵Ļ˼ʾԲӦóϾﲢƮƹϽʵȫûеһ顣
оǣ֮ǰнԣһλԼսʱ㣬λ˿̺Ӧڴս֮УĴܣ޿ڼʱбֳʤȴػأ
ȫ޵
ӦΣңһ֮ʣΧһƬ˪ҲƵɲǼɢȥһƬˮ
˴أ
עǰƣӦ죬ǰ棬Ʈƹϵô
һ뵸漴һ߷ֿ
һŮӵӰ֡

ȷǰ˵ݣӦ˸һ£ĵΪơ
˵УλϿһ¡
оǣòʹûκ˼λϵĿҲκǰչԼò
ǰô£
ʲô
Ǻûˣɢˣչˣɴûб
ôڱεĿԼ
⡭
ӦɲǼֻԺ֮ΨһƬңΪʲô


363 кĿģ
漴ת˼ͷôֲܡҪôǸԼмԨԴԼŻԼһĹۣҪôǡûдԼ뿪
ҪԼ
Ψ˲ŻԶıܣ
һ˿ԼĿԾɻдû˼ĿĴ˵
һˣӦоӳȫɲǼȫѾƴһս׼
Ϊڴ֮ǰԼûм棬żĽӴҲûУν飬ȫûеģ
֮һԣڣ
ôԾֻʣһ
ɱң
Ϊʲôɱң
ʲôԭҪɱأ
ϧЩӦѾǡ
ΪѾ˽ǰ
ȾǿߣȫӲ㣬ټֻѾ΢΢ʽһͣ
ӦһסСã֪кμ̣Ӧڴ˺̣
˵գ̧ͷǰŮӣ
֮䣬Ϊȣ֪ԼԷҲƣƶˣǾѾ渺λŬȡٻ·֮еأ
ھӦϸͬʱҲµĴžӦ
һӦ룬ȷʵ֮ĵһı档
ǣڿԷһ˲䣬˶ĵðͬ뷨䣬Ȼľɫˣ
Ҽ
ţκ˿Ϊ֮ߵĪ㵹
ͬʱ̾ŶԷ
̵ûСӦ⣬ϣ紺ЦݣԼ񣬳˺֮⣬ֻһƬůС
һ֣ǡ⡱׽
ó֪֮࣬þӦоԼǲǳˡզ£
Ҫɣǰѵ
ݱʵۣҪԼ˵ĺͰô
ӦǸ߸ϡʢˣӸ£һǰ˵ķô
ֻǷܹеŮʵڲָ࣬Ψ֮ȴǾĽڵǲܽύһֻ»оиһȱ
Ļ״˾ӦйڶԷݵĻɲ²⣬Ļȴøǿˡ
˵ύҵģ
ҽѣ
Ľ֮
ǲܽύźĸ߶ˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˹ġʵþӦԼ·
ʲôʱ𣬺ųһŮħͷϣȻҲĽˣ
⡭ֱǵ߸֪
ʵ̫ˡӦеĽ䱸Ҳǲµġ
˵úãڣǼ鼴
λϴ˼ʽ̬ȷŵ֮ͣͼش󣬱ȻǶԼġ
Ŀģ
ȻԼ֪ĿΪΣȴҪСģԲ⡣
ܾӦףԼεСĽ䱸ҲԸı˫潻ֵս
Ȼֻǳ棬ദݣӦѾ쵽Էʵ֮ǿѾǿһԼȫ޷ӵĸ߶ȣ
¶һ˿ЦǲðȥȺȲ裬ߺȱ̸Σ
Ӧͷã
Ҫ˵Ҫȴֺѽ̬棬ӦϷĻֻӦʣ߾ӦҲҪλϵˣʲô
ˡˢһ´Ӹ߿ֱ׾Թ϶һ㣬˫˫ɽ֮ϣһӣɽ϶Ȼһ⻬ƽ̨
漴һװĴĥ£Ͼ豭Ȼڷϡ
Ӧвһ£ƣʲôżǾԼ
ˣ׼ȫ
Ҿûһλֳ⻹βߵġ
Ѿһ£΢ЦſžӦӣǺúġ
Ӧ֮
Լ֪λô£Ӽ濪ʼûκɵľͽӡ֪Ҵģͽӡ
ѵһݸһ㡭
ӦЩɵ㶵£ǰλԼ޷ϣֻоһƬ
ôὴϣ
ںܶǰҾӵĴ˵ڿһӣоɲǼ伯УˮȪһ£עϾ
漴һԲ
ȻѾʼˮ
ӻȡһϾƿӣЦ˵Ʈƹʢ֮Ҳī֮أҵµһ꾻⾻ÿĲҶ಻һһ㶼Լ
üã޻ϲȻҪָͬζһý֪ĲҶܺȵġ˵ţ΢Цһ¡
Ҫֲĺò衣ӦЦЦ
ڽ֮˵޺ۼı˹ȥ
Ŀһ£ʶβӦĶܣȴû˵ʲô̾˿˵ʵЩ˺ܶࣻ꣬Ҳ֪ô£þԽĶˡ
Ӧ΢Ц֪νĺָܶ࣬ʲô
̾һǡŮˣ˵Ů֮䣬ܹﵽָ߶ȵġмˣ
Ȼ֪ԷĿʲôӦԾɱ£Լ
Ͼ۾ӦĶǿߣǿߣŮ֮Уǿ֣֮Ҳ۷У
ǵѾµһȴԾ޷ıһʵǾǣ磬վҪ
һȨϵ磡
ŮȻǿԾŮˣ
κ˶޷ıĴ󻷾
УҲƵĸдŮˣҪϳͷǶôļѣ
Ӧͷ
ԣһǡǡһֱͷĸд
ǣһɫڵŮˣҪͷĿЩ㯵ĿȺɽЩնŮɫǻ֮Դ
ǵģŮɫǻ֮ԴԽɫŮˣֻԽࡣӦͷ̾һ
ԣҳ񣬾һֱ棻˿ҵʵò⡣ЦЦȻվľҲܷϣףûŮ˶ɣ
ӦԵ˵ֹǲᶪ绪ɫ㣬ӣ˼ɫ˵ԲλӦòǣεվޣ
ͳ˵ɫΣ֪νԷƱȻҵǣΨеΪ𣬲Ҫ⣬ɫԴ˵
ӦͷͬϣҴˣ˵Ǿ޽Уȴһܶˡ
ǧΪŮ˵ľ׼ȨĴʵ
֪ŮӵݣҴɫ⡭
ôΨһĽ־ֻٲ߾ȪĻᶼеģ
Ǵİ׳գУ
һ䷨Ҳ⣡
֪ʲôʱʼ΢Цţ˵Ȼ֣ΪһŮˣҾȻЩįˣȴ֪ûƵĸо
įӦϸϸľ׽֡
ǵġǼįͷŮˣȻұ⣬һӣٳּжȹÿм̸̸ۣ£˵˵ί֪ʲô֪ʲô֪ڿʲôǣЩȴûеģֻ˵ӵھ֮ϵķ۰ɡ
Ӧ̲ס̾һǵģЩȷʵӵСߣȻҲкܶͬŽãǶǣȴǾηӣȫ׽
кܶ໰кܶŮҵĻ˽ȴǷȱߵĶ󡣡
ͬܡ
ԣҾãҪѣ˴һžӦ˵ߣãЩң룬Ǵ˵еҡҲӦףҵģҵļįҵĹ¶
ΪҲˣô˵
ǵģҲǣͬļįͬĹµӦĿЩ㯣˵ϣߵͬһŮˣһį¶įĪʼįˣ¶Ĺ¶ͣ
һįĪʼįˣ¶Ĺ¶ͣΪʲô˿Ծһ𣬴ںȾƣڳ⣬˻ȥˡȥܣȥķ裬Ůˣȴܣƺʡ
ģȴǿ϶Դ
ӦһͻȻоԼЩȣһֵΪβܣҲܵģ
Ȳ裡ٱ
ӦǰĲ豭ĿΪʲôŮһֻܺȲ裿Ů˾һû˵ĺ𣿡
ʶһ£漴Ц
漴һ֣Ȼ˼ֻ̳ӣƱϣȻˣǽþͺȾƣ
ã
飡
һĿ⣬ľҺ˿һƱóľƣȻͬ졣
ɽ˲ʱ֮䣬磬
ǲ֪˪ľɫػЯأ
ȴǺþƣҹӦ飬һ״
˵úãҲĨĨ죬Ŀⷢ
ɣ
λͬɫ绪ǵľɫžɽ֮ϣŲƺ·ǣٱʹͬһ㣬
ΪŮĻ£
ɽʣԳ


364 ݽã
Ӧ˼һ̺죬žӦ˵˵ǵΪܻ£
Ӧһ㶣ЦһԽͻĻ⹴еĿɬԼĻҲ޷Ļٻǧ꣬Ӧòʲô⡣
ұ⼸ǧͻأĿơ
Ǿ治˵ˣԪӦ
УǷԾȹµįķʽõĻȥĿ
ҴȻעˣ㡭ȴδءӦЦһ˵ʲôһ˺һδˣбʵĲͬ
Եʱһ¡
ҵȻ˵ʲô
ҾΪһУΪ̸һ̸㽻ѡϽá
ҪΪôУһ
޳עѶȻ֪޼ֻʣ⾰ҪõģؿžӦ£й뷿ѣ£ܿʹ¼ȥ࣬˵𣿣
˿ֵܣŮˣȻҲнã
仰˵
Ӧʣظ˿ֵܣȻҲнáȻӹ°ȴλֵƣԭҲֵܣԭҼˣֵܣҲнá
ĸԭڡ
һƴйڣȴ֮
˵̸ν˼˺ܾúܾãңҲȷҶЦʶ֮ǰôһֹһΡ
ȴʼûе渶ж
Ϊ룬Ϊ
һǰһƻԳɹҪأڶҪأȴһҪʾϿֵ֧ľٶſ˳Ŀģһȫ޶ӦȴƱѼ
һ£̤һͳ⣬ԷȴûκεķӦݵλǾԽܲĽʣµĽֻǷĿɳ
⵹Ҳ˵Էܾ˽ҪĿɳʵ˵ݱλΪʵأԷӣǲ൱ķӦȭͷǵ磬ֻ˿Ϊӣ϶Ƕģ
ǻԭһֱԥһֱڹǡ
һֱڣ
ҾӦһȻΪԭԴԱĵʵ뷨һ㣬߶شԭȴǲݵġ
ʱҪѹĵ׵ġ
ǿ֮Уռоųɰ롣Ůӣ㣬ռ°ɡ
ӦĬһ£ɶ
ţžӦ
ӣʣ츳ģѡ˳Ȼ츳ŮҲѡ˳һ׶֮󣬾Ͳֱ仯
Ϊ˵ɫģبŲıԴͷӦŮ֮УԽţͳԽƯԽɫ
ͷ
һ㵹ģϾȫͬעһŮϣŮӱȻǵľɫ
һŮ֫òЭ̸θǡ˵ʲôʣ
һŮˣȾ͵ĺãʸ˵ϸǶ֣
˵ʣǸŮ˵츳Ǯڣ
ʣ޷ǾǼ֡
紿ʣʣʣʡȵȣŮЩŮ֮ڡ
߱ЩʵŮˣ벻ɫǲС
˸ֿԸޥʣС
һŮϣôŮ˾ǡߵ
ҪռֻҪǰѾ㹻ˣ
ŮˣȴֱȻĿĶ
û˻᲻ϲŮˡ
û˻᲻õŮˡ
˵ϲ˵ĵõĳһ˵ѾǻŮ˵ǰ֮·һľѳۣôֻΪһ˵˽С
գǿȡᣬ֮ܶʸôˣȻһЩеλʵ
ˣҪõһƯŮӣٻﲻĿġ
һԸȴҲζŮ˵ģӴսᡣ
ǰ;ƣֻǺǶˡ
ǹŮΪԼǿıبǣ
òʱܻ뷽跨ĵõõ֮ռ֮ȴδسʱϧȥبǵɣ
˵ɫģ˾ųϵŮš
Ӧ˽ۡ
Ϊˣǰ磬һΪ硣̾˿˵ŮҪҪǿѺѡ
ˡ֮µŮӣͬڶܹ࣬ߵһģԽҲܹûмˡӦ֮е۷֣ȴǱȱȽǡ
Ůͬʱ̾һ
֮ŮԶǿߣѩҲһ˵г˲ȴֲòϵζ
ӦЦˡ
ѩֹǿŮӶǿߣ䱾ΪҪѷɫһȴҪԶھӦ֮ϣеĶǿУѩٿǰʮ֣֮
Ӧ飬ѩ֮䲢û̫˽˶Թ칬ǧĶԹ졣
ѩ磬Ҳͬ;Ӧһ㣬ɹŮ֮е۷塣
˵ƽƽŮǿߣҲֻ˶ѡ
ѩܹ仰һǳĵģֻ칬»һΪҲԲףֻ»Ҫ֮ϣزἰӦ˵
ЦЦ¹ȻҲŮˣΪҲȷʵҪԸ㣬иͬǣȴйͥҪһݡǱ˵ӣҪǡӵгɾͣ൱һ󲿷֣Դˡǳ
Ӧ𾪵ĵɴ۾
ȻϢʵ̫ԾӦĳȶɲʧ
ȻǸܣһЦ˵£ǲᡣ
ӦķӦȻЩ񣺡ԭȻҲ˵ġ
УȻһ֡ġġĽ
Ʊٴһ漴ͷ˾Ӧ쳣һ⡣
ĵ˵ãأ
Ӧһٱһֻȴ֮ǰĸʴ⣬ֻ޾ᣬһʱ䱶ؼįĵܿܿ˭ûµģ
̽˵ꡭЦ
Ӧһ֣ɫʱһɷףǱͻȻĿͱһЦʵ˵ŮһΪʲô
þӦȻһʣסˡ
ڴ֮ǰ϶شΪŮ˵ϣΪ۷壻ΪԼ׷󲻱û
ڣӦͻ˲䣬֪˵ʲôˡ
˵ԭһԤ֮е⣬ҲҪ⣬˼ʱԷһƫƫԼȴҲ֪λش
ŮһΪʲôأ
Ҳţ׷Ϊ޵УӦһ
ĬȻ
Ĵ𰸣һǰʣ϶ϣҾΪ޵У
ڡ
ûʵŮˣȺ壻ҡӦ˵Ҵϣǽ죬ô˵ˡ
һŮˣҪһޣҪһӦȻһǿȵġûκʩӵģֻԼϲġģȫϿɵġһޣһ
˵ĹޣҶЦЦ𣿣
ӦЦЦϣаôȻ֪ŮˣĶһΣһֻҪ϶ôҲǣ

ֻҪ氮ôҲǣ
ĻشһĪ𶯡
߶߶̸ã֮У̵ĸɽۣ֮ʱ˵Ӧ
ʱ򣬾Ӧ˵
֪УŮ˾Ȼ̳߰ƣ̸˿δԽ˵ԽͶ
˵һʼӦһεĹٶЩģᣬȴѾȫȫĵġ
Ȼ˿˵һϲ⣬Ĳʲô֣Ӧһֽѵ֮
ã˵еǽøһ
㣬룡
һ飬Ӧͬ
ãҽһʣ硭ʹ˽ΪսΣϵǽҲи˵˵ﻰ㿴Σ
뷨˵Сȥˣɱ㲻Сþ͸ˡ
ǽ֮䣬˵ʲôʣô˵ɾڿˣŭ˵
Сòң⻰ȷʵС˵ˣ˴ǧҪ֡Ӧ΢ЦǸ
˵ݾͽݣŮǸԺˬ˿֮಻ⷱȽڣԹڵأ԰ݰ˰ݣʹ˽Ϊá˶Ǹоʤ֮ϲ
ҪϾӦ곤ԾӦȻá
һ֮໥
תƮƹӦ·ǰ
ãʲô鷳ܸҴѶٱʱ˵⣬˵ʱ򣬽ҲӲܣ£ȻҲǽ飡
ʱҽòս
һŵˡ


365 
ɽˮԶ·
ʱңԶ·̣Ҳһ졣Ӧ𶯣ⶼ˽˵飬Ͳزٷ
˵ﻰȻãѵǽ֮飬ֻ˵˵ôҲܰ㡣
ӦмһЦ֪ƢԣͲ˵лĻСþʹ˰ݱɽˮٻڡ
ţףһ·˳硣ԥһ£˵ãݣԺǽʲôԲסĵطǧҪ֡
˵ĻӦȻ֮仹˵Щļ⡣
ϧ
Ȼ·ãӦ飬Ծ쳣ܡ
Ҳû뵽λӣȻô֪Լıϣ
˳֮ʱĸҡֺͽ䱸֮ĵÿһ⣬̸üΪͶÿһ仰ģĸо
ΪõʱҲ˵ʱľϣ
¾ἰӦҲ顣
ȻоӦڵУӦҪʸ֦ȵС֮ģǾӦǺˡƵŮӣ϶ϲ˼
˶ԣʣ˵ñǵ£
һҵĳԣŲǵʶһô򵥣һбĿġӦԼ˵ĳΣʲôĿģҲ޶ȴǿԿ϶ġ
Ƿϧ꣬ȴװġ
ݵλΪʵǲװмһװ
һ仰ƶͼȴһʾּڲ֮ꡭԺʲôԲסҵĵطУڻʲôǲʧȥģʲôǲܽܵأ
ӦһĨЦ漴Ľᣬз۵糸ٸ·
ȵ¹ѩиֻҸžҪʧˡ
Ȼ˵Ըұ𡭡ǣʼһ˵飬νǵȾĲгӦҧ㴽ңҸ˵Ķʸ˲ְæӲ˷
ҲκˣҲҪκ˵İæ
ĿԶȻ
У߹ġһγ;棡Ӧפ㣬ңǰ˶ˣ¾һƬҴ򷵻ءһнʱ򣡡
Уһͻأӥ쳹ʣ˸ۻҡ
ȴ޾Ʋ֮ϣһͷԵĴӥŷ֮ƣӾӦͷϼӹ
񿥵ӥ
Ӧ״̲סһԵ̾
ȻԾӦʶȴҲδ񿥵ĴӥĲ˵˵ӥķٶȣҪʤԼϣһԼԶһ̱Ѿټν٣
Ӧ֮̾࣬ȴҲֿʼǱƶ
ڲͬһʱ
ңԶıѩԭһƱͲһ֮£
һ˴Ӷ֮д̤߳ףͬҰˣȻֻǺܵƶȴѾȻȻл£
˲һ˲̧ͷϷɵʣͻعЦһХҰ
ңҪȥˣ
ң
ҵѣңҵֵܣң
ҵĳˣҲҪң
챣ǣҪ
ǵҪȡ
۹
Ӱ쳤ХֺȻһץһѳӶ⣬ոֵ֣С
Ȼâ䣬˵вͣţ˸š
棬ƺѾ̫̫ã޵ĿѪϴ
ϻƣüˣ
е棬΢Ц⼸꣬Ϊĥţȴίˣӽ쿪ʼǽٶȺبƿգ£
ˮһĺ񱳺ȻһʢƵķһ
ХԶԶ

ӰһЦϻƣߣ
âʢ˵ȻһӵֱԳϷƲ֮С
һΪʼֵһƬԶ಻
ƺԤʾţһƽ٣٣

ҶЦչƷԾд衣
չƷɽԼıΪѹƵ˵ԪƷˮ׼ԴԪһƷҶЦ֣һС
һлƴ֮࣬Ӱէϼ֮ʣĲ쿴ȥˡ
ѾףһָչƷɱ׺ͷԴ㾹ȻҰΪ㻹ҪҪƤˣ
ûУУ
չƷɿŭڰᣬҪΪôᡭģ


366 £
ޣȻȷʵڰᣬ㰵ΪǲʵղŷӳʵҲеԪƷˣΪϹģأԲĵ׷
û£û£ʦѹΪд裬һʱʧʲôģʲôռϷ磬ռ˵ҶЦԴԲѵ
㿴㿴˼СʦôĺŽкɰٴ˴أСʦܣٿ㣬֪֪Ҫˣ
һֻ
ģӲˣչƷɡˢһɳأѾ£Ծͻ
Ҳȥҡͷ˹ģƾɶϣĻ˭˭ɣҲɣΪɵ
չƷָ죬ָͷü˵㣡˵õġ
ҷˡҡͷԵĴʴʣ㾹ȻⶼǱСʦܴɵˣҷˣǷˣҧң
չƷɵʱңŭڡѪͫʣ֡
ȷʵԼҶЦսд衣
ʵϣȴС˼С֮ǰˣת˵ʲôҲñ
ǡԼİѾȫָҲҪйһ¡
Ȼ˱˴֮ҲԻģܲһСʦܣ÷ɣ
ȻһҪǡ
СǽҶЦΡ
ܳὫҶЦһ١
ǲããˬޱأ
Լͼ򶯵²д轨顣
СʦܰΪ˺ܶ࣬ܿɹ޿ɺǣ£Ҳ˿ɿ⣡
ʦˣҲԼ࡭
Сʦܣ̫ˣҪ֪ĽȻˣʵֻһ㣬ʵս飬ҲҪǸϵģΪľʵսߺһ
ڵ㣬񡢵ľȹ̵úܣΨʵսȴԲ㣬ͣʵսǷȱҲ⣬Ҫֶ̰壬һҪⷽҲϣ
ǡҪôܸϣ
˵Ҳ򵥣ֻҪдһʱ䣬ȻȻ͸ˡ
ɶףд裿ҿңʲôΪʲôʵôд裬Űңɵġ
ǺǣСʦˣôΪ۸أ㽻֣ȻҪѹסΪٸΣоǣڽߣȰᡭţʵսľίʵǲȱٵģҲشһʣ
ԵĶԵģСʦܣһҪһƬģǧҪǵǡ
Ѵ˺ܶ꣬սεȷḻ㲻ΪľʵսԾѹҵģдйƽԣֻұķݣҲɣ
Сʦ˵Ǻ⣬ǽΪѹƵһˮ׼ľ⣬ʵսԾ֣ȻǵսҪʤǺţȱٵĲɴǵеᰡ˵ǲ
˵úͦе
ȻеʦֵĻܲƤڿӿô
⻰˵ţѹΪҴ򣿡
ǵȻģǻöûô
ҪǲأҲǣʦ״ңɼ
ķģһֻһһУԵĹƽ
ء
磡ӱλʦ˰ɣ
ˣ
̸ϣչƷ²ĵһϳֻϧһȻ֣ԼղŴ컨׹ս飬ҶЦǰûȫ֮أֻӦ˵ȫκô
һֿʼͱѹŴֱί޵ľ֮С
ǵȫް㻹֮м֮ǿνķḻս飬ȻȫҶЦѹ壻ÿÿ΢Ӧһ£ӮķһƿĻ
ԼԤҶЦϵУȫȻò˵ǱƾͼƷãԼ
չƷȫҶ췢ı֤һܣԼߵһܣ
еƣеᣬеıߣըš
˳ʱѱͷ
ﻹг֣緢Ӣˣ
վڳ⣬ųеҶЦչƷ˰죬Ĳ鲻ԸγϣԼλʦܣսĶš
ԼΪΪս飬Ͳʺϣֻ˵ǰȫ顣
ֱͺʵսһսˣȫ˳ľѷ
Ҷʦܣʦҽֿһ۽磬ΪȻвԺнս飬ȴʵʵڵϵ˵ǶҲǲΪģ
˰죬չƷոôһۣ
ܸӣ
£
ۣνѾȥ߼ߵĵز


367 ¹˪
ʦޡҶЦղŽҲһʱĽңŵСմˣ˵¡ʵ̫ˡһ㣬һ֪֮
չƷһۣǴĵͷ
һޣȻǳԷθԳޣȴҲδǶҶЦһ㿼顣
κκûάǰܼرģ֪֮߱
ھ˶ԣһͦѵ顣
˵ıģױɱΣȴױɱε£
ѿԼȴ˾Ϊì֣ܵ
ǣҶЦˡ
һʮرģ
ֱ仰ڣ˲ٲġ
ʱӣ¹֣ѾҶҼ
ҶЦüͷһ壺Է˭
֪¹ôһưͿ֮󣬾ưոݣȴû뵽ȻӦô죬Ųչ⾰ǰҳˡ
С˲֪Ҷҡͷ
ʲô칬ȻԵѵǺͺˣ͹ȥҵҪԷǷͷۣܰô
չƷΪ˾ȥֵ緢֮ʱȻŴչս˼˵¹ˣ˿⣬Էʱ»
ͳһ
˿̣ҶҼҶլǰˣվš
ȴһ㲻ͷ˼ûС
˺ڷ٣ʤѩ°±
ǾôվţȻҶҴǰΧУǣκ˵۾棬˷ѩɽѩ
߸ϣȾ׳
׷ţ쳾֮УҲܹõһȾ
һű䣬ǴӹԴԴɢ˶ܹоõΪķΧأ׳ŵΧ۵ˣҲһʧˡ
ҶҲԴ̤ߡ
ƹظҶ߳
кջ
Լ֮ǰǴϷǴƮƹ¹ȻҲģѵƮƹ䱾Ƥ
Ȼˣ
Уηǵֽѵһˣ
ҶһţĿǱ˪ѩµŮӣҶԪ˧ĳ򶨣Ҳһ£Ŀһ˿㵣
һҲһ£
ίʵǰ󷶳룡
ȴҶҴſڵŮӣʷһ޶ʱתԣһƳȴŮȻ࣬Ҳһģһ
ӦҶ˳ĶŮͬʱתͷȴ̬Ҳһ£ȫ޶¡
Ҷ𾪵Ĳ˫̥Ǳݣ
Ȼǣ
ҶէŮԳ֮⣬׼ȷһ˵Ӧ𾪡
벻һ¹Ȼֱӳˣ֮£Ǻˡ
¹˪
˵֡
Զ׼Ůӣһãױ
˭Ҳ֪λȻ󣬸ʱ˲ŷ˸ı䡭
һλ¹·һСеʱ򣬷ŮʱֵҹµգŮ޶һéУ໥ӵȡůѾһϢ
λ¹ϼ״⣻չһ£Ȼ֣ŮޣȻޱ֮ãȻѵһ˫ģʱϲ֮عУȡ˪º
ó֮ǴȵµĶ֮У
¹˪
˵߿ȡȴһ
ŮӾ壬ϲ˵칬˼дԣֻһʱֻһƬĬгһµʱ˴û˵һ仰
Ը䵭һ棬ҪȴڣҪ˵ʲôҪʲôȫҪ˵Ҫӣһȫܹף˽⣬֪
ȫҪ˴ͨ
꣬Ѿٳ򽭺֮С
˳֣Ǿʹһ££Ȼȫ¹Ըմɣ
Ǹ˵߻Եٶ֮УǣǺ֮ȴƥκһλ۷֣
УҲ䷨
Ȼֻǲ²⣬κҲ޷ϣ֣߼ƶˣ
ã¹ƣ
򣬵ҶҼôҶҴ⣬Ҷ˴߳ĵȴš
飬һ侲䵭Į
ˣȻҶҲĺһƶŵ׶ȸоƲٱԼգʱʧĿܡ


368 ǲ
ԭ¹˪λϼ٣ʧԶӭҶ칰֣Թһ
˪ˣͬҵǰһ񣺡ƹ棬˪λʦ塣
˪º˵ĵͷҶ˶Ǵ鷳ģǿҲ壬ƾĵ󹦷򡣡
漴תͷǱߣô
ҶɫάƽȴǿЦѡ
λͬ˵֮һӣĮ䵭൱ľ硣Ҳֱˬһز
ȴҲ֪Էô˵ûпԼ˵ͼԼ˼
ԸʹȻ
һɶԹȫ޹ء
ΪǶʦ˵Ҳ䵭ȫ޸ζ
ΪģǱĵ
еİϲŭ֣ƺŮ档
ǵԷ˵ŮӾ˴࣬Ϊѵã
˼ҲΨпЦûǰ
º䵭ĵͷû𣿣ǵǿʡȴŶȻˣô˵ġ
Ȼʹ˶ۡ
Ȼ˵Ϊʵۣȴ޿ɺǣ
֣ȭͷǵ磬ǿʵȨ޵֣
һҪ˵ʲôȴվû˵ڡ
֮£ô˵ˣĵĲࡣ
λȴڡࡱķ֮ڣ
оǣ˪º˵ĹҲǴʵŮӣƺûʲôģҲҪʲôģʲôˣʲô˵ʲôʲôʱ
Ǹɾڼˣ
˼ǵ˼ܺ⣬ܼˣˣ˭˵㣬Ȼ֮䡣
ȻǡҲ˭˵㣬һ
˼ûȻ˵㡣
˪ĿҶ죬䵭˵Ʈƹˣ˵һȥ
Գһ£¶˾ģλʦӴ˷ǰʱ֣صñӲϧһдۣҶƽ
ºĵڵصȴǣǼǲϧһдۣǰҶƽ𣿡
ʱ¶ľٶȶҡ
ˣƾ֣˭ָ˵ܹסʲô
¹˪˭İƱ
ֻһ䣬˼˶ɱˣºɻƴ𣿡˪תͷƽ档
⣬ѻش
ȴףⲢƣֻ˪ںʵƽ׵ʻѡ
һˣºΪһЩ˸಩
ǵǰص㣡
ɫã𰸣֪
˪ԣҶ˻ŵʱϻ߻ô˶֮أ
мֵҲˣ
Ҷҵǰӵʲôļֵ֮󣬾ֻˣ
潫ıģʣϣδػô
¹ǱˣôĲẦʲô»ˣҲתء
¹ǰˣȴ¹˪򶥼ս
˾ڱصã
ԥˣˡ
°ɣ
º˵
һɳǺһ㼱ӿƮƹĵӿȥȴûаϮߵҶ졣
ƹӣֻоһȻȻȫ޿أ˵ʱƮ˳ȥȵٶվʱ򣬾㶼Ѿʮɿ⡣
Ҫ߹ȥʱȴȻ֣Լ˾ֻܱͣڵǰ룬ǰһҲģ
̣ºһָͷûж
ǺεȾ׵ĿֲΪ
ƮƹѾϵһߡ˪ºĵĿ⣬ת䵽Ҷϡ
Ҷ죬˵ʮǰйһ֮Եºƽ˵
Ҷ΢Цƽ˵ѵλǰǹҶС
š˪ͷֱʵ֪ҶҴҪ˽£
Ȼֱӵֱ˳
ҶЦЦǰ󣬴˽⣬ֻ˵ҶҪô죬¹Ҫô
֤λƶ֮ϳһ֮࣬Ҷ鷴ƽȻ޲
ͷҲһͷҲһӺɷµͷҪѣ
գ
ҶҪô¹Ҫô죡
Ҷ仰˵üΪӲ
˪ƽ˵Ҳô˵Ϊ˴ӲһҲԹ˽ʴҲʴˣǴдŰɣ
Ҷϼһ鴤
Ѿģܽ˵ôֱ׳ģҲûɣ쵹ãһˣʲôдţõôҲҲ̫˰ɣ
ƫƫⷬ˪˵˶ֻһָо£쾭塣
˪˵ǾĲ˵ˣΣǴдţ
ͨ񣬲Ҫ


369 ¹
ºԾһᵭȻƽŷģҲǷֱʵ˵ôǷֱ˵㡣
ڣֻô˵ĻǶۡ
˪ƽ
ǵ¹º˵
ԣҪô죬ҶҶԣעѵùƽġ˪Ҷ죬ƽ׺ܵȻ˵ԡղң¹Ҫô죬Ҳֻôش㡣ʵˣֻˡ
Ҷϸ˪ĻӦ˿Ҳû¹ǽ磬ȭͷǵ硣ԣҪΣ뻮µɡ
˪ƽҶ죬ɫԾûа㲨ڴ˴ƣҶҪֻҪҶˣ⸲֮ݡ
ҶɫһȻ˵Ըꡣ
ȣ¹ҪҶұҶ죬ҶΥŵΥһڣҪһ˪˵
ҶǳЦһڣҲ֪ҶҪʲôԶ½ʮ£δһиеǰĳɾͣλῴڵΪΰɣյԼֻҪܹԪΣͿѩǰԵƾԲ˴˾ǵʱĵˣ⻰аôҶô˵ҲҶˣΪгɣطУȴҪ½磿ʲô
Īǣ¹ҪѹˣֻһﲻһˣΪУ
ҶĻܲԴʸǼ
ºĬһ£˵ûҵ֮У˼
Ҷ첻ŭЦ
ºǰ˵칬Ǵ㽫Ҷĳ÷ɱԶأҶЦôٶһ䣺󹬹»µĳŵ˵ǡֻҪܵԪͿ¹ӭȢѩһžۣƾԲ˵ֵΣ
Ѿ̤˵ԪΣȴ֪¹ĳŵڲڣ
ǽҶĳûйϵǡ󹬹»׿µĳŵĪҲɵһ磬޺ۣ
Ҷ츺ֶǰ֣ЦҪҶңһҲ֪ôҸҪǶ»ʵĳŵһͲ֪֪֪Ҫô
˪º״¶ɫ
Ȼ˼򵥣·򵥴ֱͬҲΥ£ǿԺܵվԼԷԼĴ£ϣȴǲ㣣ǴһϣҶʼĩȫȻ֪飬ͺǲˡ
ԵǰƶԣҶ죬Ҷ쵱ǰΪѾ˵ԪҲֻǻ֮֮ܽ촷ۣ練ƣѶȣ
Ĺؼڣڵ»ʳŵΪ칬ˣܲϣ
»ʵȷôŵݳŵ϶ϲܳ
ǵĴˣڴĨɱ£;ǰ֮·Ѽ̣಻½
ֻǰʱȴ˵ʲôҲû뵽ҶڵΪȻѾԪΣѾﵽ»ʳŵĽλ
Ҫ֪ʱ·֮ʱҶ챾ΪԪˮ׼ڴս֮У칬ĸһΪ½ʱһʵȻ轵ԪƷаڣԺ½λ׻ۣĪ˵ָʵֻΪ˵ĳΪԽˡ
ξҶ״ƣֻԭΪͣ״ҶҶЦǳʱξʵѾ˻Ѱˮ׼Ϣȫݣ㣬ҶЦ֣û׼һغˣ
ѭͬɣҶҶЦ֮£ȬʵΪдȵľǰҶЦṩĴ񵤣ɹͻƣԪΣ»ʳŵȫɵҪ
ȻҲص㣬ڶ˪˶ԣҶԣľǡûʲôʦĽڣ
ôԼ˵ʲôˣ
˳ĴﶼǿʶˣʵĨɱģǿʶߵڰ׵ĻҶʣȻסˡ
ҶһλǰҶҪҵ˴ôҲ˻ʶλһ䣬»ʵĽʲôʱҶأ
˪ºһۣúٶȿ˵˵ǵһʹգ¹ڶҪǡôǶӻȥ»ʡ
ĺӣ¹ʥŮʥŮ˹˽ͨϽӡԣǴ˴һҪȥ
ºƽ˵


370 Э
Ȼ֪ԾͷŹ˵һҪֱڶҪ
ҪҶӲܽܵģ
¹ʥŮӣһ½֪ҶЦһ¹Ĵ˭˵׼顣
ڣҲ¹ͱ·ɱˣҲǴпܵ顣
ֻ֮һΣգҶ춼ͬ⣬οַĪ֮ݵΣգ
λǰԽνգȴܽ»ҵĳŵգ»ʵյĳŵǡֻҪҴﵽԪͿӭȢѩƾԲһžۣ
һʣʶλʲôСһžۣҶͬƽº˪ƽһҹڣֻһͽžۣ룬¼ûһžۣѵ˵¹ž۵⣬Ȼˣ
㵱ˣҲžۣ
žۣǣɷӣӣһˣȫһ𣡡
žۣ
ǰԵĵڶҪͬ޷
˪ºһ˴˶һۣĿתΪ
ڶҪ漰»ʵճŵҲˣٵҪ󡣡
˪ƽ̧ͷ»ĳŵϣҶҪҲ֮УĽȴϱôգֻʣһ취
Ǿǡ˵ķ
º˵µսʽǲȥκεǷֱһжʵ˵
ҶҾˣֻҪҶб»ˣתߣ޶෴ģҶǲǵĶ֣ôأȭͷе
һУֻҪ˵
¹»ǲسŵǵ¹֮ʱҪԵ飡
飬ȴҪȽ
һʱһʱ
һʱһʱ
˪ºһһ䣬˵ද
ǲ㽲˪Ҷ죺Ҳ鱾ҷǵ¹У֮£˴
ֻ𡪡֡ºͬ
˲ʱ򣬻αСʲôģҪøӿ°ɣ
ΪˣܹǿʶаԵѹˣ˵ԴġȻ˳¡Υ͸У
ֹǿ¶ѣ
ֻǴ˼ҶȴԶԶõ䣺ӼλʼҾûָλǽֻ˵Ҫ˵Ļһ
Ҫ˵ĻѾ˵ˣҪ˵ĻҲѾ˵ˣôڿʼһиô죬ôɡ
¹ʲôУҶҶžǡ
˵Ķ˵ˣҶңӴ˿̿ʼٺ˰벽
Ե¹Ҳһ
ҶأңΪ˶ʬҰѪأϧ޷ˣ

һʵȻ仹һ껺˵Ķԣ˵úãӴ˿ҶκˣҪˣ
Ӳˣ
ҶЦ
ҶЦԽڶֻԼһˡ
չƷ챻ҶЦԺǱҲ˳棬˪ˡ
ȻἸҪñˣҶЦԾɼ֡
Ϊһ棬γɶԻڵһʱ佫ݱ޷ʰĵز
ϾչƷɺ򶥼ǿ߳棬Ʊؽ˪ºŮ޷֣
ȻһؼڡչƷɺ˪º֮С
Ҫ顣
ԣҶЦֹ˳档
Ͼ黹ûеʰĵز
Ůˣ˪ƽƽȫ£Ȼȴ
ҶЦȴ֪֮Բǲ뽲ǡǲᡣ
Ǹղһ²жϳǵıʵģֻ׽ܵĽµĴǰᣬԱΪҪ뱾ΥʱǾͲٽȭͷʤʤһȭͷһһģ
ȴҲܹȵ˪º˼
˭ܳΪˣ˵Σ
ں˪дʣȴԭ

СҶЦλӡҶЦ̤߳
ҶЦ˪ºȻ֣ͫԲסһ£ϸϸĴһҶЦ
ҶЦŮӵĿ˰ΣȴɫλҪҶ˶ϹڣȴҲ֮ͥ¡סҶҴŵʵʧλݣҶլУ䳡أǵǱȥ˵˵˽Σ
ЦЦλΪܲҶʲôɡ
˪ºͬ˵˻˵ò˵İɡ
ˣλ룡ҶЦ֣ǰ·ȥ


371 Ҫʲô
˪º˲޳ɣҶլβҶЦȥ
Ҷ״ǴسһȻΡ
벻Լӳ֮䣬ͽλɱ˴š
ҪǣҶһָоĿǰн̸̬࣬࣬չĽ࣬ȥδ࣬·ԼӵŶȥ
ҶЦȻڲ֪УѾռ
˫γһֺ΢ƽ⣬ȻƽҲֻάϵܶݵƬ̹⾰̬֮£ܹȡʱ䣬Ѿܿɹˣ
оǣԴԼڳʵ۹ط֮ԼӾѾɱһǼƹˣһ˼ֻѷºУվƣδؾ޴ӷת
Ⱥ򼴿ԡԭǰ·ҶЦȻתͷҶһۣλӵĿңҺλӵһ̸˽֮Ե
ҶȻԶĪģסĵʵ𣿡
ҶЦǺһЦ˵ΪΪ⣬Ҫһ߶ҶʲôΪﻹ˭ܵסƽˣھҪҵĻɣ
Ҷ쳤̾һεãֵЦЦҪסôʲôҶҶη壬Ҷϧ
Ҷ˼ʵĿӯ˵仰תȥҶһ˵ȣԺ
Ǿ仰ȴҶЦģһһ¡
ҵļ壬ǿ
ҵĸףǿ
ȴԸΪңеһУ

ֵķɳص˼㣡
ҶЦĬҶһȥıӰʧò
Ȼתޱ˵λӣ
˵ٶȵȥ
˪ºԭҪ˵ʲôȴȫûᣬֻܱظǰȥ
˶һָоԴһ̣ȻԴƵķΧ֮УԼһֱеȨȴһˣ
Ҷլ䳡Ŀǿտ
ƽֵڣ˼һӰûУֻŵʮӣԲĶصĳأͬ
ƽʱſҲ֪ȥˡ
һǰ̤룬һ󺮷紵ϻҶƮ㷭ɣȻһĸо
ҶЦǰ棬һζĬţȥʼһԲ
ҶЦҪ̸ʲô˪̲סʵֻ֮ǰһƽ
ҶЦ
ûˣҪʲô˵ʲôԡº˵ţ֮ԸǸһЩӡ
ǸӣȴǸ㣡
ҶЦȻû˵
ô˵װưͣӶʱ䣿ºͣ½Ųɡ
ͬʱͣ½ŲƺҲһ
ҶЦԾɲԾһζĬǰߡͺȫ˵Ķһ㡣
ǰͣ¾ͣ£޹ء
ֳ̬ȣȫȻν
ԭѾͣ½Ų˪ºˣҶЦ߳ȥɵıӰʶӣ֮ʣȻٴθǰȥ
ȻᣬȴƺƲԼһ㡣
ָоöԣܹŹ֣ȴֺʣ
ҲûܹҶЦ˽Խõ˼ˡ
Ǹ߸ϣΪǿ£˼
ǹĸԣʵȴǺܱġ
κһ飬սҲʱһദʱûĳ⣬ǿһֱĬȥһֱĬġ
ҶЦߵеĿĵڡ
һʯƵСΣרŹϢã
˼ʣҶЦѾһԱߵλʾҲ¡
ҶЦʾλĶλá
һһҡ
ֱ̬ͺ˫Ѿʶһ㡣
˿ԣţֻ飬
Ŀ˰ΣҶЦȻǲ˵
ʱһĹȥ˪ºŮε䣬ȴҲЩ̲סˡ
Ǻεȵݵλ¹»һ֮¶ѣСΪһİǸߣҪ𣿣
֮ԿԱݣߵǿڡҶЦֵķϣ
һζĥʱ䣬ǸĬȥǿǾԲеģ
ɫҪϴ죬ô˵飿
˵ɣ㵽Ҫ˵ʲô˪׶תΪƣеĹĵζ˵˶ģɲġ
ҶЦԾһɵֻЦЦ
º״ֲ֮ɫŭЦʲôʲôЦģ
˿̵˪ºĵ׾ӿֳһֺܹŹֵĸоƺҶЦҶҴһ˾ȻֿƲסԼ


372 Ҹǽ
ѾӶĳΣżȻ
˸еģֲˣĵ׾ǺܷУΪǾһơСŮ黳
ֹŹ΢ĸо˵Եһ˲֪ĺǡԼڸһλֵԼ羴еǰһ
ĸоΧ˪º֡
ĸоǰδеģ
ЦˡҶЦЦ̧ͷ䣬ֱŮ
˿ҶЦ˪º̬ȣͺһڿСá
Υط飡
˪ĲȫôҶЦʵ
һʻνͻʵùŹĪ
˪Եʱɴ۾һ֮࣬źȳ˵ʲôвв
ҶЦ˿Ϊ裬㲻һʱ򣬾ͻоƨۣڲôǵֵÿĵĴ£
벻һһڣȻֱ˽
˪źҲ˿ݵӾȻˢһ£ǺΣȻ۾ƾ죬һ֮ʣȴκ˶ܸеûеĺе˵˵
νȳ⣬νУȻ˶ѣ
һߵº˼Ҳһ糺죬ŭڣҧݣСſڴƻƣŲɱ㣡
ҶЦѭתͷɱ˵ºº˪ղ˵ȫûһǴֻ»ûãƨ۵ëҲûðɣ
ºǾһɫʱٱ䣬ɫֱռ˹һ㡣
ֻŭ֮࣬ȴͬʱסˡ
ղǰҶЦƵģһԵܣܣݹҲ֪
ôˣô֪ģ
Ͼ֮ǰҲֻһ֪
ҶЦůЦݡ
죬ҶЦȻ֪֪ܣʵ
Ȼǡ˪˵һ룬ͳŭûе飡
ҶЦȻĵͷúúãûûУ˵ûоû£Сֵô
漴ֵҸǽ¡ǵ꣬һӤˡǳʼͱֻΪŮӤĲм
˪ºɫɷףĿ⾪֮⣬籩У¶ڻĽҰСȣɪɪٲ֮ǰƣǿ߷ˡ
СŮ޵ĲмǲŪǵ°һġ˫壬Ȼһͷһģһͷȴλ£ϣ쳣ȴֽҪλã
ҶЦĿע˪º״ĺӣڳУעǻȥģҪֿ֮ҲԶһԳκεҪģҲϣŮѾһˣԡŮ޲Ÿոճͱˡ
ڻĽҰ⣬ѩӣ㽫߾Ȫ
ŮʱһСؤԵʻ·ҶЦ۾ע˪º
˪º촽ĿͬһգգĶҶЦ
СؤŮӤʱ򣬸оǺ֪ܿǰ취ǾһѵҰķʽŮӤĲˡ
ǸСȴѱСؤ֪ԼŮޣһ÷ֿǲֿ˹ȻɣǿзֿˣȻҪðĪգȴһָ֪ǲǲеԼԲסСŮޣ֮򵥴ֱƺȫ޳ɹȻǸСؤɹֿŮӤȻŮӤʹ˻״̬֮УȴһϢд棬δ
˺СŮӤ죬Сؤ߾һŬػŮȥ͵ȥȥƭһеֶΣҪŮӤȻ
ǸСؤԡСŮȻճʱȴͬ޿СؤϣΨһܹػĶȻҪػҪ߾ԼеһŬ
죬ǳΣֻ˵ǸжոСؤһ漣ҶЦķѩΧ£д޼ƿʩ޽ⲡ֢֮ǰעʮɵСŮޣȻջ
û
һ漣ңһܵʲôʱ򣬶޷͵漣
ҶЦǣȻ漣ǰʵ״ǿߣСŮ޵ʱͲϼѣճشһҲܶ˿ڽϣԾ޷ֻһζš
СؤڽһϸĵչŮޣ±˴ñˣҲҪȥ͵ȥȥƭ뾡һа취ȡҩʳά˵ơ
άˣһ΢ķʽȥ֧ȥ


373 ²ܽ
ΪǱ˴Ǳ˴˵ҲǱ˴˼ϣΨһܹӵеο塣Ǳ˴Ϊ˱˴ṩһݻȥĶ
СŮΪȺ˫شʼպһֱʱ򣬻˵꣬ҲڴȥܴȣʼղС
һֱ꣬СŮԲֻ˵һ仰֡
ҶЦ΢Цţ־ǣ硣
˵˪º˵۾ͬʱʪˣӯӯˮ⡣
ǶҶЦɫиˣоϲɻ󣬻С
֮ɫνӵ˼㡣
ĿҶЦˮڶһ˵֣һ𣬽˴˵ֶ߬ۡ
˴ȴֻδ
ֻ۾һգգĶҶЦ˵
ܹԷ棬һĶԽԽҡ
ƺʱҪǻ
ֱһ졭ŮͻȻܹվ˵ˡҶЦ鵭ȻдЩ᣺죬Сؤ˷ܣ͵˺ܶԵģףףѾͶѾվˣ˵ˣ˵ܶ໰
졭˳ԵúܿġޱȻǣСؤ̫̰ˣ͵ȡʳ̫ˣ׷գСؤ֡ѾͶѾ޵þ춯ء
˵˪º棬ĿҶЦ
ϣϲӡ
ֵСؤԾɾ֧ţ֪Լܵ£ԼˣԼҪҲһ꣬Сؤֵ֧쳣Ŭ棬˴ҶЦĿ˪ºǾһ죬ԾǴѾͶѾաСؤ͵˼ͷȥõգҪóһٱ
ҶЦ̾˿Сؤķ֣ѾͶѾˣȻˡ
֪ѾͷȥֻǱ˭ˡ
һѰңȴûκ˿ƾʧһ㡭
ȥһֱûκϢҶЦȻʼҲǣѾͶѾҲһֱҲǵĴ硣
֪˴˵Ĵʲô
Ψһ֪ģǸ硢ѾѾ
һֱһ죬СؤڻԵɺ֮󣬳Ϊһĸ֡Уһ˫̥ãڸһ˴֡
һ죬״ܲã籩ꡣ
Ƕ˫̥ȻΪȴѹ·硣ҶЦΪԷ˶ڣҲǶԷʵ̫ǿֻΪȻѾΪߣǣһ죬ԴͯʱĲԾɻܵ۸оÿÿǵĹ࣬֮覵ϣ־óֵ
λѾˡΪɾ͵Сؤ״ɣ֪ԷǲѰµáҶЦһԾɾҲ۶ԷǲǴѾѾԷиѾѾͬļֵ͸
ǸСؤʱʵ˽۷壬һ־Ѿ˫ʤ
ȻƮȻȥ
ΪǸʱǰδеΣ
ֱӳŮȷݣȻǣֻʧȻǾΥãƱػὫΣǣϣԾ뿪Էֱϵ
ҶЦʱҪΪֵܱ𡭡κˡ
Ȼڳ֮Ҳ͵͵θһʱ䣻ӽ̸֮УȷϣԷǵԼãѾͶѾǡƮҡ֮С
ʱ̽ȥо¡ӹúܿĿ֣ұʵҲǿ֣֮ǿΪУûܹ۸
ܷġ
ȻѾͶѾûзѰҵĸ磬֪Լ֮±ɣȴֺαԼã
˵Сؤô뿪֮Ϊ˸ֵܱΧʬ޴档
ҶЦЦЦ±Ӧþˡ
˪º˵ǹ²ܾôԲܣ
˪棬ڲѹ֡һζսԷΧɱֵսսȫ᧿Σȴ֪ΪʲôЦȻ棬ְһѡ
£񹢹ڻʼնûףѱĿˣµЦںɰǣڣˡ
һֱĴмһֱҪΪʲô
ȴû뵽ǵĸ磡
Ůޣ֪ͳΪ籨ˣһֱ֪֪
˪ºҶЦ˵Ļûа㻳ɡ
ΪЩ飬಻£һֱѹĵס
䣬ֻһ֪


374 
Щ飬˽Լ֮䣬û˵ȥ䣬ߵʦ֪Щʼĩ
ЩͯĿȴõĻ䣬ÿÿŮͷ
ΪȫȻܻСŮޣһûκԴСؤһܴﶬ̧ͷܿǿյСéݡ
ţ͸ǽڡ
Χª޷ټªĵزȴ˪ºĵůĵط
ԴӱʦߣŮƴطҪȥҸ磬Ѿ¹ǣû˴죬ڹҲֻ·
ؼǣ˵ȣͯľɻϼ·ͻʹԶС
˵ǿԽˮǧɽصͲ֪ںδǸСéݣ
ΪԭҲ˪º˶ԼʦһƬԹޣ˺ȻʦԼߣŸıԼһļȻеԹԼźȴʼմڡ
ȻԽǴߣΪʲôԽǸһߣ
¹ƮƹԼ칬ͬ߶ֻŮӣ¹ȻҲͬŮԵΪףȴ¼Եӵġ
Ůճ֮󣬴ӵһγȥĵһطǻص˵ǸСУǼéݣȥѰңġ硣
ô꣬ŮѾ֪ȥٴΣֻÿһζֻʧ
һСéݵĹַڵأѾһƬĽŮؽһСéݣϿɼգ͸硣
õСéݣѾ˵صĽأ˸ҽӽ
ÿһŮȥסǼСéա
滳ţšһ죬Ҳأ
ȴʼû
硭Ǹ֪֣ȴǽһ֮׽ˣ
ɹˣ
˺ããֹһΣŮںڰп²š
УѾȥˡ
ȴû뵽ڽ죬ǰλҶӿУ˵Щϸڣ
һϤԭ
ô
ŮԴžӨ⣬жůҶЦ˪죬Ĩһᣬء
ҶЦЦЦҲûʲôǸ֮СؤΪѰ𲻹Ҵ֣ⷢԼȻûֻ˵ˣԭûҷԪȴû𡭡
Īġһ½ꡭӴɵǣǸ½ˣȻҲҶЦ֮Сؤͬͬա
ȻؿԼáֻǸʱǰĿģȴҪǸ鷳ҶЦůЦЦȻûȻ£˸һ䣬ǲ֪Ȼַʲô顭
ҶЦһ䡰һ䡱˪º˵Ľʱ
ֻоƺһӺ͵شһֱȥͷ
ˣһּΧ֮У֡
˻ȻվûûüһƬѾ۵ķ
Ůʶֻ˵ʶıһ𣬺ޡ
˿̵Ůް㵱ǿߵķȣӡ
ĺӣͻȻҵԼ˵ĺӣ
ַĵסԴϲ
˵ϵֻƬ˾Ȼϲÿ
ΪȫȻûκεǣӲκεĻ٣
֮£֪ˣһֻһ˶ѣ
֪еȫȻֻҪ˵Щ£Ǿ;Դˣ
Ҫ˵˸壬ǻ磬㣬ͻ㣡
ǵĸ磡
Ѿ㹻ˣ
ҶЦüһΣѾͷػôޣû¾ͿޣڶǴˣػˡ
һ仰ŮʱܲˣˢһӾ˽Ļ硭
һУģֺЩţֺΪ̫ھϲ޷ܡ
Ȼ˶Ѿ˽ҶЦСֲģӵʱԾɻⲻ˵ĳôһ£ֻһ̣ȴصġʵʵġסҶЦ
һסҲˣ
һ˲䣬ҶЦû˪ŮɲǵСŮˣʵʵ󶥷ǿߣҶЦΪԪΣŮֻʶĶûҶүû׼ȻϡͿɥûҪ׽ˣ
յòƨҶЦûüоȴָоԼǰͬһˮһһ¾ʪ͸ˡ
˸ȥŮֳԵĶˮġҶЦһԳ̾
˪º˴˿Ҳûǵȡ۷ǿߡ¹ơ緶һζĿޣһĿޣ޵ûڵأ޵˺ѷΡ


375 ʦ
СԴҶЦȥŽż⣬ҪԼȫҶЦһ㣻飬ȫһ㲻ʣĨҶЦ·ϡ
龰һ統ꡣ
СͷһΪһСؤܶСѾͷ
ÿһΣСؤΪ͵˴ˣСѾͷͻ۵Ҫһ㣬
ãѾûˣŮѷɱȣһܹ޳ˮޣǸҲ⣬Ůĵ׵ĸȻԾûйףһһ飬ҭҭ
ҿ˵ѾŮĵԪƷգ򣬵ֻһٿޣԾҶҼ
Ȼ֪ҲûʲôŮȫ֪Լ˾Ȼôһ棬ʱ򣬲ڲ֪Եɵ˶ԣǲ⸡棬˼
ʲôܹ䵭Ȼƽ˹Ůʧ̬أ
΢ķΧ
˵ˣûп޹ˣҶЦǺǿưԵȴˮ
ôͿ޹ˣһ̧ͷĳװͰ͵ŭ
֮ǰòƶѾɺԵֻ
ҿѵԪƷ־ȻˮԶ˵ԣʷְ
꣬СѾͷôޣСؤҲǴȥȰοΣڿŮ޵һʱ򣬺Ƿһ䣺ˣûп޹
СѾͷʱŭӵĺһ䣺ôͿ޹
硣
˲֪֮Ĵ˿̣ͻȻñط꣬һϤġ޹ûСȴ˲˪º׷˼黳
û統һˣ޵øˡ
ǶˣڸǰǾǣж
ͿޣͿޣ
ŮӦҶЦγ̾
ǲˣ˵ǡһĶǾˡҶЦε˵ػܿ޳ôһСèĵСҪǱ˿ˡǽ󻹻첻ˣ
˿ǲ£˪װͰ͵ĵ
ߣǣ˿ôˣºװͰ͵˵Ǿޣ
ҶЦϽͶ֪ˣˣˣСҾͳܳǣϽͶ¿Բ˰ɣѾͷ
ˣŮΪЦ
漴ȴֲ˵ˣ߽СԼҶЦŮһҸš
ã˭û˵
ֹ˰֮ҶЦ̲סˣƵȥǸòǸСʱǰ˯˰ɣ
˯ء˪ºͬʱڷֻ¡
ҲǡѾͶѾˣɴԼˡҶЦǺһЦŮоЦǻ𶯣ֻ̤ܰʵӯģޱο
һ˲ļ¶Щֿˡ
ߣǿ߳һǿסҪ޵ĳ嶯
˵ڵǿĶǴˡôһ˿ˣʲôӣҶЦͻسѵá
Σ⣡˪һ˭ܵǣ
ⱲҲûżңαЩ˵۹⿴ºӡ
ȿȡҶЦӣʶȤӹⲻ̸
Ůûˣ̰غҶЦϵζǿȻèһߺߡ
ֹã߽һ
ֲءþʳķʦȥȴûҵ
ԭʱҲѾʦˡ
ֲءôҲ㣬ҲĻԵ
ԭҲѾ˷ǵĸ磬ǵĸˡ
ֲأԼ֮κκ쳾ǷǵЦԵ޹ʵĳְǡ
ԭǾǸ硭
ֲء
ԭ
˪ºһϵ˵ֲءһͣԭ
߽һһɻһش𣬾ȻͽôһֱͷԼԼһ顣
һˣֻ˵ҶЦöЩЦԷǵĸоˡ
磡˪ͻȻԹȻôΣգô˵
ǣƾʲô˵ºԲɣƱ
ҶЦ漴û죬ûͣôòƶԡ
ѵǾţ
ǣǲ£
ôǿǣ
ǣǿǣ
ǻǽǵСŮ
ǣʵ̫ˣ̫˽ˣ
ߣԼȥҲǡǺø簡ѵǻ̫˽ˣ
ǣ
ȻҲϸ࡭ǹ֣
̫ˣ
Խ˵ŮԽߡǻ߿
ȻܳɹԼԼŭֵȫͬʱ̧ͷװͰ͵ĿҶЦ˵ʲô˼Ҫôǽͣ
ԣҪһͣ
Ҫһ
ԣһ
ȻͲԭ㣡
ԣԭ£
˵
˵
ָͷָҶЦıӡ


376 ʲô
Ů죬۾һգգĵҶЦ磬˵㵽ʲô˼ɣ
ԣɶ˼
ҶЦԴʱˣһٴ۳ŶҪˡ
ֻСץ˫Ŀ¶׹⡢װͰ͵۾˹׺ݵĿţţʦš
ҶЦ۾˰죬ڰҴˡ
У
ϿɴŪȥôף
һŭ
һ
Ҫô

Ůգ۾һʱ䷴벻Ҫʲô
ҶЦǵЦԳ״̬ѾͷͷѾѾǱ˺òãӦǣǱ֤󲻹ɶ鶼˰ɣ
˵㻰Ů۾ģȻҶЦĳŵġ
Ȼ
ǡǻΪģ
ʲôΪģȻôϷǵ
ԣ֣صĳŵʽ
۵βָͬʱ쵽ĳ˵ıӵ¡
Զ׼֣صʽȻˣ
ҶЦ˿Ϊ⣬һֺȻ˳µķʽֶֻȥϵһ꣬䣡
˵۾ٶһˡ
ȴǵ꾭ġ
Ů˵Ժ󣬾;ϰԳ֡
֮䣬֣صĳŵʽ
磬㲻Ҫȥ͵ˣᱻ˴򡣡
ţԺȥˡ


ֻźǣݷĵ֣سŵûбй
Ϊ깴֮Сؤôȥ͵ͻôȥ͵Ѫϡ
Ϊһ첻ȥ͵ǿάϵ
ǳʱ䲻ȥ͵ԼҲ
£λƫԶСл˶ѵҵ·
Сؤγɻ±
˭ԸӶһûɶһ֮û̫Сؤ
ûκ֪ǸСؤϿʲô
ӵϣڣδ
һ٣һ٣͵͵СؤȥҰˣ޶ҶĢʲôġܳԵĶռȥڴߣֻҪпܣͻӿмһʳﴢ
ֻΪˣһһԼЩòЩܳŵԼȥ͵ȥռʳһա
ٶžۣ
磬ѾѾ֮ط꣡
꣬κһ˶뵽ţǸСؤмСѾͷڣȻȫķ
걻еСѾ߾ƶˣֻҪӻּ䣬С˲ʱҷ𣬲
Ծţֹ֮ҶЦ̾һү˲
Ůͷ
ϣҵԼĸ磬ŮҲûд뿪
͸糳ܣҲ仳
Ϊں£Լһ뿪ͻһεʧȥ
磡
磡
ŮţĵȴЩࣻСţйԼУѾطϲó޵Сơ
ԭһʱֻҪŮˣͻ绵硯ʲôģһٶط֮󣬡硯Ǹ֣ŮȴҲû˵ڣ
ǺܲܲĽҲǾڲᡣ
ڣԺ˪º֪ˣ֣״ʲô
Ҫ˵ԼϣˣǲУ
ԻԳǣԲԲˣԲܲ
Բܱκ۸
ߣ
˭ҶԸҸ磬Ҿ͸˭ƴ
Ů˼⣬Ψһ⣡

ҶȺ˶ϡļ١
ҶЦ¹λƽ䳡֮󣬾Ҳû˰Ϣ
չƷɺλܣҲʲôˡ
ǺģȬʵоչˣʵԪƷѾ򶥼У֮ԪƷ۷˪ŮдĲ࣬ŮµĸǽչǸɵûޣ
Ůͬһˮ׼ĺѩûĹ˼ɣֻҪʵ㹻ŮֲµǽҲסͬλͬʵͬȼǿߵȻǱ롣
ȻѩǱ붯ʵʩͬʱȴ⵽ǿֵƣ
ںѩԣҵŮֵⲻ⣬֮е飬ΨǵȴģΪһӴѩ˲ʱϳһԽһԴͷȴҶЦġ
ֻ⣬ȴǺ󣬼ȻҶЦֿţ˵ҶЦû£ߵ״ֹۣ
мڴ˵ĺѩʱ跨ˣֻҪҶЦû£Ǿû£Լǿͽȥֻ·ỵ£


377 ҴҶӣ
ЩΪϴε˹ȻҪӽ˽жΪ̫࣬޷ӽƬһ
ƺһƬ䳡Ѿؼһ
ֻҶЦ˪ºҲݲκһˣ
û£ʱû¡չƷɫأȻȷ״СʦܵϢԾɴڣû˿ļû״õ״
ҶԷġ
ȷʵˣû״Ǻ״Ͼ˪ºڵΪҪҶЦչսԷҲֻһָͷ׵ؽ
˫Ȼսʽ˶ϣǾķʽ⣬ô˵Ǻ״
ǣ̸ʲôҪôã
˴󲻽⡣
ѾܾˣΪֹҶЦ˪Ů˽ѾСˣ
Ҷ˲˽ҶүĸԣȻҶҲ̫˽ԼӵĸԣȴҲ֪ԼӲˮӣǴ˵е¹˪òҲӰ
λһı˪䡢ǽñ˴֮˵Ҳ˵ôʱ䣬ôһҶҹ̸ôã
Ǿûпܡ
û߼鲻òã

Ҷ⡣
ỹû뿪ؼңϢͨҶ˽ֻߣҶҲţôǵɪôǲƮƹǲк𣿲ҪһͳΨ𣿣
ô
ߣ
˼¹ƴ˪ˡ
Ҫȳ棬ƾƮƹͺͷǾԲģ
ҪʵܹѹΣ
¹˪սνĿãŮֶԵУνŮΪֹΨһһΰܼǶ˱˪칬ѩ磬ѩʲôˣԲ򶥼ܣŮѩǴΣ֧˹вſܣŮΪδԪΣѩѾ˵Ԫ۷زΡ΢Ļʤδ֪
Ůֲ֮ɼһߣ
ĿǰȾ棬¹˪ƾĻҲֻܹһǣλ̫ϳٵλһ˶ڶǡƮƹƮƹ
·Ҳûеܹķ
·Ȼ߲ͨġ
һ̣ҶҾͱ˰ɣ
ļжôšڴš
ǣѾãȻûаϢڴĴҲЩסˡ
¹˪ҶҴ֮ؾͺţ뺣Ҳûκζ
Ŀ£
˪ºҶұ˴߳ȻȫϺ߼Ĳ²⣬붼ûϾ¹˪ı£ǽƮƹ֮УҪȫҲ̫ѵ飡
¹˪ֻһ˵ĻֻһܵĵԪƷǿߣ֣ѩ򶥼һ̣ŷûǸԸϣ
Ϊôܻ⣿
Ȼûг⣬ǻϽɱҶһѪɺӰ
ǶȲˣ
ë߰ȣ֪NռϷ磬ָܻҷĵˣΪ˷ʱ䣬ӻᣬϢأԷշ̵ô
Ŀڴ֮¡
䳡Ĵڡ֨ѽһٶȴˡ
ҶЦҶүƺǱһ٣·Ϸǵȫգʪ͸ѣǳ˶ٺʪأҪӲ֪ڵϴ˶ٹ֮һ仰Ǳͦҵġ
˪òƻΣΪҶүſεһ俴˳۵ĿȻȫȻ𡭡
а
治а
˿߳ҶЦû˵
Ϊʱ˿̣ص㲢ϡ
漴˼ʵص㣬Ů˲䳡Ĵš
Ծɰʤѩ£һ˪ѩɫֹǵȻˮԾɺǾŮݰ˼䣡
Σ̬ɫơ
ȥ֮ǰһģһ޶¡
˶ڵšüҵļҲ׷״ŹҶҵŽѯϢỹûü뿪Ϳ¹˪˳һнпࡣ
һŮ˵´ɱ䣬ǸҶʲô˳Ӵǡǿô찡ҿɾֻֻĶѣ˶ѣ
Ҷ̤ǰһƮƮ䣬վ˪ǰɫ࣬ȻĪ
˷ǰȻԴѹСҶӣԤ֮ģҶһ仰Ȼôһ䣡
һǺκʿǣ
ܷŭĵ۾
ƺʲôҪҪľǣѾͷƬôľȻҴҶӣ
˻ӵĸףڳ˾ƽһμ
кü˼ʹȥ


378 ˻
Ǽڴ˿ֵļǣӼһ˲͹˳ȥ
ԲۣҲ̫뺷˰ɣ
磬Ǵ簡㻤񫣬Ҳ㿴ǰƣǰĶ˭òã֪Ե˭ǿ¹˪
Ů˱˵ӣ㱾ˣǽҶϼȫҲ㲻ʲô£ʲô°ɣ
Ҷ첻ǿ޵ΪȻʦĿ˵
ǳıӵģҲӪô˵ɣ
ǣΪֱӵĵˣ˪ŮȴֱһȻֵ̧ͷҶ죬һʱ䣬ΨһǸе˵ӡ
֮Իеӵԭ򵥴⡪ˡ˿Ǹĸװ
ؼǣƴΪͷ
ȣһߵҶЦϽһ
̫˽ԼҶүϽʾԼٲʾĻû׼ҪֱӵǸϴͶҲûܵģ
ҶŮ֣Ů˵˾ۻֻ¶ᣡ
ϾǸӣԼɶأ
ûȴºæƽ˵ȻǳҪĨһĨͷ߳亹뷨Ȼ
ߣҶŭôҶӣӳһ䣡Ҫ˵Ҷŭ壺ǸҴҶӣҪۣҡ
ֻĳŭӻûüŭꡭ
ûд
ºǱѾĵ۾һ䣬ɱƽˣڸϽҪһˣֻ»кصĺ֡
䣡
棬ʱм𾪵඼ֹͣǼλļǱһͻ𡢺ġ족ŵáۡһһƨڵϣڴڵĴŴ
ġ
ҵǼ˹ˣأ
һجΣ
جΣô˿ֲ˷˼ȫ޷Ŀֲ桭
Ǹ˪æȣӱ䵭Ǵ˴Ҫ˶ϹڣҪʲô壿
仰˵õǺܷ¹˪һ·
Ҷ컹̲סһ£ô
ҸղΪ̸̸ŲЩŪ˵ˮϴϴû뵽һע⻬ˣŪôһܣȡ֪ҶЦжã
ôô˵ҲһԪһƷĸ֣˼¹˪֮ǰǣڵǰǰǿǸָָ߸ֺòã¹Լ˥ɰܵĸ߶̸ϣȻ̸̸Щ˵ʡ
ôˡһ䣬׵ж
ȥԼŪˮԼˣŪһĸ߶ȡ
Ҫ˵ˣһ仰չƷɺ춼Ҫʹȥ
СʦܣѻҲ˵ĿһЩ
˵ЩŰ
ļֱ˵ЩԣһҪ¶Ǻ˵ӵвĶˣˣ
벻ǣġԡȻҲСǻ
ǰ̸žˡ˪ºȻһĵԲѣȻԼŪһˮ˵ҪѣȻҲ֪ô£ĪˡһˮȫԼϣŪģ̫Сġ
ڳˣһһǻ֮ȫͬı飺죬ۣľȻĿҶЦ˪ºԲͣ
ڳÿ˶̵ĸܵԼƺһ̣׺ͷϣ
ЩƽԸǼƳˡļһԴһŽһƬհף޷˼
ǰ֣ȻѾΪһܹ֪룡
һͬĳ嶯ǣҪˣ
磬ʵ̫ˡ
ΪֱߵҶЦҲ͵һۡ
ҵģ¹ô£Ѿͷô죬Ѿ꣬µŮɷǣ
ȫȻ£֪伲ɵ𽿺Ůòá
ҶǴãŻعʱ򣬸оԼӲˡ
ʶ죬
ţ
˪ҲҪ˵
˫һԷ˵ס죬ŶԷ˵ȥ
ȴûʶ˫ֱû˵ˡ
չƷɴ˼ҲһԴˮָͷͱͱ죺㿴զ𣿡
췭˸ۣզ֪
̫ˡ̫ˣ̫ˡչƷԴں˵˵
ȴҲһӹ˾ǰɲ̫̫̫̫ɶˡ
ôҲ벻סչƷһ˼ΨһĸоֻСҺǱϡ
ҵϣһ£ͻȻ򣬴ŭͺ𣺡չƷɣ쵰


379 һΣ
һƬž֮Уһͻŭ𣬱𺳣Ұ
˽ӲĲӲת˹ѭˡ
Ϊת̫Ȼһʱ졣
ȿȡ˪ԼɲǼָֻ˱ߣ˵ղ棬ǸҶ̽һʼĩһ˴˵Ȼһ̸С
ʱȷʵǺĵþЩίʵҪ̸ĶȽ϶࣬Ҫϸϸ֣̽Ųһ©ƫȫºæһ䡣
粻䣬ôôǻ㣬βԽԽأ
ۡȿȿȿȿȡչƷһֱǺסˣԡ
Ҳһ˹һĵУ͹
Ҷ쳹׵ľȻסˣʵǲ֪˵ʲôźá
һ¡һȻһ̸С
Ҫ̸Ķǳ࡭
һ©ƫȫݴʣôĶʲô
Щ
˵Ҳûɶ⡣
ǡ˭
ǿ¹˪
Ǹʱװ׵˵ˣǴȭͷǵ
ڣô˵ˣҲٶϷһ㡭
·Ҷһ㡪
ʵΪˣӦýġ˪˵
ǵģģĶǺˣº䡣
ҲҪڰײݻ˪
ҲҪˡºƽ
Ҷ˫۷ֱڵֻоԼǷҲأ
ǰʵǡȫҲʵݴˣ
չƷɾԶڵϣȵذ޹⣬ĵУֱͺܿȵġʯã
ݴʾǿţдʵûУչƷǳ׵ķӦֱӱǺסˣȻһһǿƳϲȵ൱ĸ߶ôܵ˿̵ľ
ûȵҪô
ҲչƷɺö٣ƴͷһŲӵ۾͡Ѿܾá
ǱˣҲΪ¹˪ʵҲˡ
ʵǺģνģڰݻ˵öе
ǣչƷɺݵλβ֪Ůжô¡
Ǳ˵֪Ҫ̫ˣ
ֲŮˣʲôʱȭͷǵʵǿǹ壡
һֱڰصĺѩҲԾŴ죬ʶպϵʱ򣬼ûԼͷҧ
⡭ôĵǷʲô
ѩ˵˵ҶЦ˽⣬Һ֪ҶЦݵˣҲǳ׵±ˣ
оԼһͷβɷʣ
Ϊ֪ҶЦʵݣ±ƻпԭ֪ܶ飬ܶ˲֪飬Ҷ£ôȫͷأ
Ϊʲôأ
Ȼ˻һʶģǾһ飬϶ҶЦȥ̸֮Ķйأһ㣬˶֪
ǲ֪ҶЦ˵ʲôֻʲôȻܹ¹˪ľˡ졢õת䡣
ǶҶЦ˽ĺѩԴܹ뵽ĿܶҲֻһ
ǡѩΨһܹȽϺϺɣѵϴȥôʱ䡭ȻԼس¹˪ǿ˲ô
ǱϴԼŮˣ
ԹѪԵĲ²֮⣬ѩҲ벻Ŀˡ
һµ֮ϴֻõԪһƷʵܹ飿
ѩͷƴ˼ϴ󾿾Ҫ£ܽǰһ̻ҵŮˣԼŮˣǳֵַܹأ
Ҫǲ׸㶨ŮĻβӦóڵľ氡
ѵΪϴⱲӵӹڳڵԭôԴ۵ĻԼҲи㶨ŮıǮ
ѩĵ·Խ²⣬˼·ƫԽԶ
ò˵ж˼жԶ仰ȷģ
仰ԣںѩڵԺУõȷֱ۵֡
˽µ֮Ǹоǳ˪һǸ˵˱˼Ĵǡ

ѾȫȻûʶ״̬֮С
ǵģǶΣ
һΣ
ˣͬһĵ桢½ج֮У
Ҷʶġ˻һȴǵһǲŵĵ˪º
ʵĿɿڴ
˪ºƺǧ궼ûиıĸ˼ʱҶ쿴Եþִ輸Լ֮࣬ºصĵ˵ͷǺܲ
õһȷϵҶ죬ʯ֮С


380 Ǵˣ
治Ҷûо棬Ҷ˭½ĶһҲƽƽĺݽɫȻʵһ㣬棬ѷɫκˣǡ
һĻĻ߳𣬲ӿһһ˵ϯ̬仯ʵ̫ˣ
춼˵ֱӾãȫ߼ԣ
Ҷе㲻֪Լô磬òô˵أԣһʱɣ
֮ԸоҷдҪȴ»ʵ³ŵôӦöֳŵ˪˵
ţһ˵ͨݣ
ǵģԶţұǴɣºʹͷ͡
Ҷһﾪˣҽ벻ʲȱľأ˪塣
ǵģҶӸ߷ڣʴ塢᳦ģԵ±ԹºﾡǸм
ۡ
ֱ˹ȥ
治Ҳףı仯̫ˣ
ҲҳУʵǡȫһôǡ
ҶȻ֧ţȴҲɫɷףҡҡ׹
ĵ޷ˡ
⵽Ƿʲô顣
Ҳ֪Լһ˵ʲôʲôŻᵼ±仯˹
ҲΪˣҶŸӵĲ⣡
ƾһƿС˵飬ۼǷǺڰףģôܱ˵Ļϸ˵ˣ˵ǰλ
ô󣬱λôΪͬô󡭡
ؼǣλ˭¹ҲλòãԷǽˣôͨأ
򲻹㽲ͨ
㶼û˵ԷڵĽȴ˹㾿һأ
һʱ䣬ݾ棬ȣҪǹ˪º˵ŹҶҵǷݾϲ
˴ľıˡ
ԣ˪
º
¹飡˪ɫ࣬ʥ
ϸãºŸ͵
ȵһ¾ǡҶ¹ѩమлŮףϺӦܵҵף˪仰ֱӵһص
ҿŮʲôԼԼҵ̨Ҷ¹ѩһ𣬲¹棬˫ìܵòãôһأ
ֻʱΪЩᣬ¹оƣóȻ֣£Ҷ¹ѩ˷ʮ꣬ϵرഺķϡºء
ԣʹ±ӦҶ졢¹ѩҶңֿǸԼⲹ˪˿̻Ȼָԭƽ䣬ȴһǼشݺݵµ
Ϊ¹ϣǽԸȫȨ£ȫ̼ලʵʩϸ򡣡ºԼĸۡ
Ρ¹ԴѹҶ죬νǴģΥԵǲ׵ĶɱΪ˪С
Ϊˣ¹ҲԲ˻ᾡٳҶ¹ѩĻ֮⣬辫񲹳ʵʲº
ٴΣǱҶ¹ѩĶӣеǸ⡣˪˵
ǵģɱĴжϣĺӣСʧȥĸʮȱݣԶҲ޷ֲźڴ£¹Ḻȫ𣬾ֲһźʧº˵
ˣܡȫ̼֤¡
һأԴ˴ʦ֮ٱ˴ζʵΥ壬湫Ĩɱĵ֮£¹ɣ£ǰСɱΣǰȻȲ壬ûĵ飡º˵
ԣ¾ʹգڴ˴óȻжɵĶӰ죬Ҷ˽¹ҶϵǸ⣡˪˵
ǵģֿǸ⣡ºࡣ
˵ţŮϹ
⣬ΪֲҶңֲҶ죬ֲ¹ѩֲ˪ׯص˵ǽ¹³ŵӴˣҶ֦ͬ໥֡
ǵģӽԺ˭ҶңǸǹȥ¹ȥºɱڣ
֮ڴ£ϣڳλ¾ٴ£Ҳϣͬӡ˪΢Цһ£䡣
˭ҪǸҲӵģǾţºһɱȻ
˸һ䣬ǽԶ࣬˼ҪҶҴգ鷳ɣ˪¶ƣɫͻأʵ
ǵģǺˡҶ´˴϶޽þ֮ɣºĽҡҡ׹ƺһ̾Ҫ۵̱ˣԲϣ˴ǣ


381 ȽȽ
ҶүʱĽһ䣺ǿͣλԸҶСסҶԣ޻ӭ
ţ˶лҶҺ⣬ǽþˡɡ˪ڰ֡
Ƕɢˣºڰ֡
ڳˣһһҶ죬棬չƷɣ졭ȵȣˣû˪ŮԵɢˣԾͬľһ㡣
һվţһӶתһ£
Զ׼Ѿһֱɵ
Ҳ˵ֻ˵硰ˣ˼١Զࡱ˵⡭ǿɶǵԪƷĸְ
ư
ôվһᣬ۳أ
ʲôСסǺˣʲô˵
ǺŪˣҲõ˵ùȥ˵ɣ
ҿǲҪĽǶɵӺòã
ڳֻһˣľֻһˣǻܱѣ״ѡ
ֻһѡǰ־ʼٸߡҶЦ
ֻҶһٷ硢Ρʵһ˵λ룬ҴȥͷϢ
˪תΪͣϸлҶ⣻͹·޽ڡ
㻰˵̫ˡҵ˼˵ԺˣҪôº΢ЦǵǻصԼһ
һȺٶȼɵˡ
Լһÿ

⡭ǲ˵
Ҷ֮⣬ҵ˿Ҷҵ˵ﻹԭֻ˼ĽʺޣһӶˡ
찡ۡôᷢѪ̬չأ
Ӧ¹˪ѪϴҶҼ
ӦöҶնɱȮ
ӦҪݾжݵֶο
Щɵ޹֮˶һɱˡ
ҲôⰡ
ʲôʲô񣿻¹ôҡһˣ
ⶼĸĵԾ鰡
ϣܲе˰
ү۾أѵûҶұѾǿҪ죻ͻȻƹȫ֧֣Ѿ޷ܣ漴ֱҶҴʵǺ̫ϵ²ˡڿǵĳܼ˺òã

Ȼ¹ǿս¹˪ǿԭΪ쿪ۣүҲҶҵǿƣ콵һٸ㶨ҪҶң
յĽôͳ˵ǰ״أ
Ψһĵˣǿޱȵ¹N޵УȻ˵˵ҲҶҵѣ
תۣת񷴸
찡
˼ܴܲ󷢴ȱĸң⡭Ƿʲô鰡
һɼһʲ죬ΨǧУֻоԼ඼һƬƬ
ĺΪʲôǷǵļ塭
ǲһֻҪκһУע࣬ɶ

ҶЦ˪ºһǰӰٶʧڴſڣһ֮ǰ
֮󡭡
꣡
꣡
һµĶ
ŵ̫ãȻպϣ죬ܹĻǺõģϾζǰͺˣв˵°ͣΪŵ̫̫ͣѾѾˡ
չƷɺλȺеĴܣ״Ƚϵģһ㣬ƮƮ۷ֱĽԼĿͷͨһʹ˵ڴϣٲ
ʼһ⣺ΪʲôΪʲôզأ
棬ڻعһɼǣĿȻƫת۽ҶҼҶЦҶϡ
ⲻ֪Ҷ˼ҲһԴĽͷӦ
ǺǺǡü˲ԼͬĸЦοϵĸЦȫɬ˵Ц˵ڿйͷ
Ҷϲˡ˾鸴ӣȴԹ
ڣҶʱЩˣȻһҪݵĳ嶯
Ϊ֪һ£ȷһ¡
ڽ֮ǰҶһΣڣԼҶУٻ߻Щüֵ
ǣӽ쿪ʼֻ˵˿֮ҶѾ׵ĸǰҶң
ҶҴ˼ʵĸ߶ȣѾȻԼЩĳߵز
Ψһĸ󻼣ΨһΣȻҲȹõķΧУ׵Ľˣ
ӴԺҶң򷶳֮ڣҲԸǡ˸ǣ
Ʈƹǿѣ
¹ǿѼף
к棬֧ȸӲ˵ˡ
ǿҶҴӵʦţҶЦҶӣǺһصӣ
ӣ
û֮һ֣Ψһ
ԼЩˣⱲӽһμҶ죡
Ϊ˴˲Ȼͬ˴ֳ֮˸ԵĲ죡
˸̬̬ƽ˽飬ҶѾƶˣԼЩˣڵ£һŬ֡


382 һ죡
ҶϲϲǸӣҵңܼ֤ʷʱ̣١
ǵģҶӴ֮ңԶҶհĪҲӣ
ǣҲǣ
ǻƼҡ
Ҷĺ£˴չˣշ
һУұҶշˡ
Щѹ֮һǸϽıļǴ˿ٲļҶҪ˵ĻôԼļڵϦ֮䣬ܹΪƽء
ٹһգֻҪҶԱֳĳҲ⣬ҲҶԳ֣ҲҪƮƹ󳬼֣ȻҪʸҶҵų֣ĳңܹӮҶҵЩ΢øУ
˼Ҫǲɼƴƨǻʧʧ
죬ڣһӵĴźˣ
ԺҶĵλ㻹ЩŵȴҲѾ·ԼЩҪһ桭ɱȵ컹ѣ
ҶǱͬһӦһˣŵ԰ѣصҶҴȥ
ȻǲЦĿҶһ˽ȥȻҶҴŻرգ˾Ȼȥȱûˡ
ҶĲ裬ﻹܺȵģ
ʲôԲ֪ΨЩǿʵ֮ǰһҪ֪ü۸ߵͣ
ٲԼԷĵط
עĿҶҹ֮࣬˶ƨ˻һ㣬˵ʱȥԵפأ´ӽҶҼˣһҪ۾Уβˣ
ҶҵκˣǼҶŮҪԶԴڵԴй޹˲ðҶҵˣôԼû塭군ˣǽ򡭡
һ´֮ҶҼ֮˿ǰž֮УһҲˡ
Щ壬ǰҶҲռϷ磬һŭ̸Цˣһ߹ҶҴŵʱֻɫ԰ףţͬŹһĿֻţϽܹ
·Ǵŵһ˲䣬¶ŵó
һҪ͵
һҪ
һҪ

ҶҼҶߵʱԸоԼԴͬʮǧ׺ݺһƬ磬ǰȴֽ˸ƺӶԼǰѤó֣
нŵ£̤ʵأ˼ҲǲƲʣͷĿѣȫûаʵС
ȫȫһĸо
ҶޱתͷĹˣԼ·һ˵ȣֻƮƹҲһȻʧǣĿֱⷢãȻС
ûעԼֻŴ˿ʲôطʲôλãȽƾܣ·еһ˶ţԶ׼Ͳ֪Լʲô
Լ˵ȣһӲ
ҹ֢һĵһΣ˵ڻ۾죬͹мԪƷΪҶˣڳš̨׵ĵڣȻͨͨİڵأˤ߻ء
ѪѾһأȴԾƺȫȻоʹ֮С
Ҷ쵽ڽս£ϣݺݵŤһԼĴȣʱоһ̹ǵʹһ֮£ǳ˹
ⲻΣ
ĲΣ
ⲻΣҶһХХ˼ʱҶϿգƲ֮ƬƬѣ
ˣʧǣǻģȫһХ֮ǰļ𺳷Χ֮о˶ǸоԼԺУͬһ
ʹع
ⲻΣ
ʵ
ʵ
ҶңǿӴ֮󣬾ϵһǿˣ
˶ûп˵ÿ˵۾⡣
вˣ㶵վ˰ΣأԺ΢ЦۿеˮԽԽ̲ࣻסε䣻ֻ̲סڵϣˮָ
˭뵽ҶҡҶҴ֧ʮ֮йʲôӣ
ڼҪҶΪ֧ѹե⻹Ҫųɽѹ֮һ¹ѹȣ棡
ֻĬĬسܣһһ죡
߳ȥֱͦˡ
˭֪¹ʲôʱһãҶˣ
Ҳ˵ϴҶͬҲҪСӦһãҪԼԼڲĳʹڶ֧㲻ĹҲܽʸϷñӣ
֮Իγյڧ򣿣
ҶүӸ֮ģ֧ˣҶЩˣӵҶ죬δһ
ӣʵǶܹˣ
ôĻȥôһս
ȴû뵽ǣվȻߵһ
ֹʮӶʮֱһ죬س


383 ҹ
ҶңΪҶ¶˥䣻ܴѹʮꣻڣȻΪҶԵʣٶһ𣬾ǽεĳҵ
Ϊһ壬ͬʱӵ¹ƮƹΪѣʷϣͷһݣΨһһ
ͬʱҶһХҲ˳ȥ˵Ķ
ǶȻһֻоºëըëȻ
һХһͷѾ˯ʨڽգͻȻ
˯ʨէѣӴ˺󣬱㵱¡
ǵ磬պ޾ԻͣһХ֮У쾡µľţ

Ҷ˦󲽣һ·ȥûеڶĿ꣬߻Լ鷿
Ȼǰ¡
Ƭ֮󣬽ԴĵشϣĬĬſš
֮󣬲ٶ̧ͷۿЩ졣
һĿעգ૵ѩǵĿѣҪˣ
뵱꣬ԼΪ˴˵ĳ嶯һԸһѣȴҲΪһѣǵĶӣ
տѵսᣬеһԵǵĶӴģ
ǵĶӣǽⳡѣ
ǣȥ㣡
ʱһžۣңٲ룡
ѩң

˶ɻ󣬲²ԵɣΨҶ֪һУΪԼĶӡ
Ȼ֪Ӿʲôôģ
˶֮⣬ٲڶ룬עǲġ
ô಻񵤣ΪԼӲеģ
ҶҵֿҲԼӺݺݴģɱģ
Ʈƹ֮ҶҽˣͦҶңһΪϵĪۣһȴҲԴԶóô˫Ψб˴ͣν˹ϵȹ̳ãƮƹԣΪԼӵĴֱʣŶҶĿ࿴˴ϽѹϵһУҶҵʲôû
ں󣬸ΪԼӵԵʣҶЦĵĿ꣬ڵι̹ϵ
֣Ī¹ǵ䣬ѰζҶԶԣ䣬ҲȻԴԼĶӡ
Ϊܼ򵥣ڶ̸֮ǰԼҲ̸壬ǶԷνĵ壬Ѿ̸ˡһת䣬ڼ䣬ԼнӴ֮⣬ûб˽
ԡ
Ҷ
ͻȻоԼЩԼĶˡ
ȻһʼطʼĸоʱգݸоȻ˼¡
Сһ˲ع⻷
˲ôȴ߶ǿ
СأҵĶӣ
ҵĶӣԽԽã⻷ԽԽã
֮˶͸壬ȫģ
Щܡ
ߣҶȻһЦôţô˵ãҶӣ
˵˵򡭡Ҷûдʲô˵䲻ˣ
ֻһ㣬ģͳͳܣ
ھӵܡ
ôģ
˵ܣǻ
һĶӣһʺһİιֵֵ衭
ѵһʲôɲô

ϣҶҾ˿ǰʢϯ

ڻҶҼû뿪ĸ壬ÿҲյһ
һڼ֮ǰǶֻ᲻мһˡԸ޼
ڣȴÿһ嶼оܳɡ
ۣҶҾȻ
ֱҫ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
˶쳣ʽ¹ڳòȻϸ˵ÿһҵЯһݺģԼ˼۵ĳЦҶҸ硣
˵ǴϯһҲֻ߰ѡ
ĴҶҳϵͬºǰԺȣȻһ֣˵Ǳ
ԺƫһϯһϯкȴƮƹʮŮӣҶҵļ߲Ůͬ
ȴһϯ档
ܹһռһϯ֮أǴ˴Ҷĺ
ʸһŵˣžǷҲõ󳬼Ϊ֮Ŀ˿С
ҶүҶಢûһȥүӵݣĸоүӶ̫ѹˣȻνǿ
ΪһŵǡչƷɣ죬棬˪ºҶ죬ҶЦ
˶޵ϯ棬ȴһֻ߸
ѩȻǲڡ
Ҷλеľˣһֱ֧Լӵĳǿߣ
Ǻѩô

ֻΥģ̬˵һ䣬Ҳϰ߳ϯ·ӵĳ棡
һʱҶӣ£Ȼڲͬұ
ȴϲѩһ˺ܱߵĶһӾƲˣһֱڣıѩͣԾһӹ˾񼣬һͷˮ
ȿھƣ̾


384 ܰ
絽ôˡѩ̾ϢѩĿǳԹ桢ס˼˰ѹӡȻҲˮů֪һգ˵ȥ

Ǻþơ
Ǻòˡ
ңҪǡЩˣһҲǵһͬһϳԷȾƣ
˴֮䣬˳׼ԾɶЩԼ΢о
ûнһƮƹ棬һҲи¹˪һԷĻᡣ
ֻ˵ûʸ
չƷɺ죬Ҳǲࡣ
Ȼ˪ݵλ൱ʵҲͬһλףϸ˴˲ಢǺܴ󣬵ʼŮб
ڷϣԵúܳĬÿ˵һ仰ãٷգԵ൱ƣһЩлʱ磬ظı⣬Ϊʲôôȵȣ˶ʶȤһûᡣ
ٷ֮¹˪ı̬ȣ˶һòƺʹ˵е¹˪ôһأ¹˪𣿵о
ŮȫȻûд˵˪߽ࡢ߲ʡȵӡ
ŵǣŮֳ̬ȣճСŮ
ǿǶ֪¹˪˼Ⱦ׳νĲȾףǲ£Ϊ˴Ļڶ̫ϣǷǺڰסʲôģȫģ֮Իγ״һ¹⽫ŮǱҲգĹء
ԣȻŮӵеʵˡλȻ£ȴԾɱһݴĳ֮ġ
Ůֳ̬ȿν˵Ԥϡ
ֱϹ˵Ĺۣ
óԣܺóԡ˪۾һźһ˲ʱ۷Ź⣬ټһ飬ŵСãһ㡣
ĺܺó԰ºҲѧļһ飻С⡣
㲻һ鳢𣿡˪мҶЦԲԲ۾Ц⣬ǲΪ˲Ҳһ顣
ȻֱӸҶЦҲһȥ
չƷ˼״ʶĽ鴤
ýܣȷܺóԡҶЦһЦھ׽һ㣬壬⼸˵оţźãǵ⣬ʣнͷԡ
˵գҶЦһ⣬˪ǰĵͿº죬Ͻּһ飬ŵºĵ
ֻµĸȴʱʯ
Ҷڲϵĳ鴤ϼ⽥ξΣԼĶӵ񣬸ǿɣ
Ҫ
˶
˼Ҹһ飬òҪǣ˼ҹ˼뵽ķ桭
һСӣȻԼùĿӣŮӼвˣ
һǸġŮӼвˣ
ǲԼԼ鷳ô
΢е񱣬ùĿ࣬
Ϊϡ棿
Ǿˡ
ѵԱߵĹǰôȻòǶ֪û˵
˪Ů˵еΪ˸ԣֱ̫лн˵òã
Ҫ
Уӳ©ȥ©ܰѶӴȥҪô©ءǸ⣡
ǣոת˼Ҷ컹ûü©жȴ˪Խǿԥ޽ٵطŽСУһ׽һ۾޵ǺнͷСʱţһ
ӣнͷζҲͦءºǱͬӹŬľ׽о㣺úóԣ
óԾٶ飬Լ˳ԷҪԣԵΪֹҶЦЦ⣬ָÿ˼顣
˴ľؿҶӾôֱߵĹԼùĿӣһӽһӵļв˲ˣƬ̣ͽ¹˪ǰӸ߸ߵضǲȡ
Ůȫ޽٣ͷһɾĿԣֻԼȣ޲ΨһҸ
Եٶʯ
λθںþͶԵ㣬λЩƫءҶЦһ΢ЦŮӹȻñģ̫Ҳã΢һźÿء
չƷԵʱʧɫ˸ȥСʦʵ̫Ƿȱˣô˵ȷŮ߼ɵĴأ
Ů߾Եͨƫ֡ÿĲ֮ǸдɣСʦһ仰ͻѾЩɻȫԲҪư
ǣһĻչˣʯɵۣ
ڵľͺõúܣŲҪأ˪ºͬʱŰ۱ʾ飬νҲͽ˶ѣȻԾɼӹĹĵĳԷԲˣ޿á
ҶžƱڰգȻҲһĻû겻ᣬ룬롭
Ҳ֪ڡ롱ʲô
Ʊ˳룬һ
ۣ
˱ǿ


385 
ϯϳ˪֮һŮԣҲͬڴ״̬֮Уڷ˼һ⣬¹˪ôȫ޽أӦðʣҶҴӸղǷ˵ģҾ㲻ҲöŭĿӰⲻ԰ΪʲôأУ¹˪Դ棬Ⱦ׳ȻһҲû˼ĴǵһزԵĳ֮ģ
ҲܺúȰ˪ƱҲһ˻˻سǺЦСʱǻᣬҺ˶ܶڴϣȥŪԵģǴβ֪͵С̳ӾơҵһκȾء
ǾǡºҲһЦǲɣһκȾƣһھˡ
һҲˡǺǺǡ˪ЦúǴ棻㯶ůжܰ׷˼ƺֻص˵ǸСéݡ
ˣűʣµĲиʣһѾƵİ̳ӣֻȵһоûбøɾ
һڣһڡ
ԵɿڣԵ쳣
һ죬ֱˣǶѪȳһȣȴǽ͵ķ˱úúõģǱ˶ȥڵϲţԭѾ˴ڵأЩˣȴּ˻
촽ŷ˻ֻоƵİ̳ӣǱ˽̳ͷϣ˵İ̳ӡ
ͷϻѪ
˪㻹ǵôºޱؽŵ⣬һ㽻䣬ľͺСʱ򣬸һ͵İţ
˪ҲڽţҵȻǵãǻǵһγԵ⣬ţӲӲͽôҲ᲻ô³ôŬĽȳЩţҵӶ˺üء
һһ׳һ飬žһ飬ֻǵóԣһҪ꣬ǡеţǳˣ練ûԵһ鶼ûгԵº˵֮⡣
Ůһһˣܰ
ԱҶչƷɵ˶һЩŹȻܰůȴĥѣλ¹˪СʱΧĿʹѡ
ԭλӣͯ¾˵ĲסչƷ̾Ϣһ̲סԼʦ졣
һԣʱ֪ԼʦδĻ֮⡣
²ɵҲ̾Ϣһһɬһʹ
ͯꡭ
Һչʦ֣Ҳһ첻СؤΪһͱŬ棬챻ᣬ
ÿÿҹλأ£ͷΪԼ£Ѿ˼䱯磬޼ȴǰλʵǿŮӣҲԼƣҵ¡
ǿߡǴӼеõԼĻӴһɳ졭Ϊгص£ڳ˵ԣԼʱյĳɾͣǺεȵ֮ף󣡡̾Ϣ
ǵģΪôļ࣬ôĥѣԣЩվʱ򣬲Żվñ˭ȣ۲ӣ
չƷɿ̾˵ǷԴĳģǶӵһԣһݼ㣬һֺģ֪ǡɻɢֿӣҲҪȥҲҪ
ǵģ
˵Ө˸
˪Ůµ׷䣬Ҳ˵չƷΪǶӡ
Ҵˣ˵㼫ߣʺܺãǴǼưٳǵеľܴﵽ۷ĲΣΪȱеǷĥѣ
ӦǣǷĥѣǷĥ־ĿѣĲƸ
չƷɵ͵̾ϢֻڻֲƸĹУȴҲὫֱӴݻ٣
ǵҲδءҶЦ΢ЦΨλʦ֣˪λˣʱֿѵĹһĲƸ
࣬ڳɹ߶ԣǳɹ֮ԽֵʱζľƸһһľܣ֮Щ࣬ȴûгɹ˵ԾǼԾجΣף
ҶЦ˵ⷬνζ
˾ͣסӣ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˶ʾϿɵĻͷ
˪̧ͷרעҶЦ˼Ƭ̣ڰ׷תתȻҲͷͷԡ
һĻֱ̬ȷˣɰ
λӾѣĥµģڵĳɾֵͣýҶ˵ٱ
һٱһһͬΪŮء
ºĨĨ죬ׯص˵ǵģһ·ȴǾ˺ܶܶ࣬ȻҲԸԷƱ˵һЩͷԣǫѷԴʣҪ˵һ䣬öԣֵýģǣǵĸ硣


386 ҸЦ
СȫĽҺ˪̥ͺֶԴӳǻΡмܶ
ֻһǴĺӣûκıֶΣֻȥΪ뾡˰취ȥˣȥÿһˣԵġŵʱ򣬾ȥ͵Ŀù̫̫Σ͵ȡʳ֮࣬Ļ桭
ֻǵųԡ˪Ȧһ죺ǼꡭΪǣ֪˶ᣬ˶ٿ࡭
óˡ˪ºͬʱͣס˵Сһ⣬ۼҪ޳ˣȴǿסǿֱ
ҶչƷɵ˾идĵͷǵȻһСкмã޿Ļ桭
һʱ䣬Ҳ̲סķ׷̾Ϣ
һΰɷ򡣡չƷɷԷθ˵ˣȻǶصӢ֪ۡմںη
ºȫ˼ĻشҸҶЦڡ
һֱ˵žԼ˵©죬æ첻˵һֻС֣һסԼ͡
˪ֵĿѳ۾֡
º֪Լ£ͷ
ȴûע⵽ҶЦֵ˲䣬ֳͻȻѻȸ
˪ºҶЦ֮⣬˵ɫȫǱѿ쳣
չƷɫѿƤȻֽ˿Ѫɫ
ͻľϢͬһȻڶը죬˵࣬ͻȻԿǰҵ̬Ƽ
ҶЦ
У˲óһʶֻ˵һۣ¹˪˿˵ҶЦȻھϯϵҶЦ
ǵ£𽭺ɨЦ
ЦӢۣ
Ϊ
ЦҶЦ
ŵľ
ֻ벻ǡ¹˪ȻЦã
չƷɺֻоԼһʱܴǻ֮
ΪΧЦһһ֮СԼʦֵˣǲеģ
˵ЦһΣԼϡ
΢΢Լ˻ЦУ
ЦˣԼ˻Ϊһ۵ĴҲѾԭˣ
񡭡
ȴȻ֪Ǵ˵Ц£нЦȻã
ãһѾܿˣһֵĻȻǱЦҪӿµˣ
ʹӺ˪ŮԼ׷˼ϣѿŮĵزҪ֪ԼҲǲԸЦһӣôŹǸأ
Ͼڣ˭֪ǸзΧЦأ
չƷɺͷ˲ʱð亹
һʱ䣬ããȻ֪ˡ
Ȼһ棬ҶҲʹˣ¹˪ΪʲôͻȻһٰʮȵĸı⡢Ǹı
ԭλ֮ԻıԡҶǸл˵ȻΪȮӡ
˪ºʱһ֪ˣɲã֮ǰ֣˵ԶԶǱ¶̵ʱ
º
ȻΪȮӵ֡䡭Ҷ̾ϢǵЦ֣ҷ򸾱׷ɱЦǰĺ֪ӦӣӶҷ򸾼֮ģ׾׶ָǲδĺӳΪҶЦЦǰ꣬ȴҸӣλӰݼڣŹǡ
벻Ҷҡʮ֮󣬾ȻǷЦߵغĶ顭
˪㶣æ˲ʱǵģˣӣҴȫһɱɱ֣ȴ֪лԨԴǽһ֮ʣȻöˡ
ô粻áºı⣻ȴӭ˪Ŀ⡣
ԭůɬ
չƷɺء
˵ղŵ뷨ҪڶԷ᲻׷Լˣ뷨ȴתϢҪҪأ
ֻһӦѾ췭ظٴС
ټ¹˪ݵĴ֡
⡭
δĲֹۣ
չƷɸɸɵЦЦ
֪ŵʲô˪º˲ʱɲǼ䣬ĵĿͬĵƲĽ⣬ޱ޼ʵĳɱɭȻˣǳźú㣡
ڿڡҶЦֵķϣǲڴʱ˿̷ĵ¡ºһֵѪծҪѪ
һ̣Ůȫûָղŵů۷ǿߵɱ


387 ӵ
չƷľȻ˵ԹʤˣǺ󣬾λ˳ǡ
չƷʼǺ˪ŮĽа壬Ůݶߣʵǿ಻ܶ˺ƣӦԣֻȻ̾һ
ģʼջҪ
Ҫ˵һߵҶЦ΢Цνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡭλʲôҲ˵񲻱ȴɱɱǿ̫࡭Сɿں󡭡ͦͦõġǡܹһγǱɱѪҪǿöô
Ҷүⷬڳ޲Ŀ࣬ſڽ࣬ԣ
СҪ裿Ҫأֻأ
ôڹ˵ôһأ
ɱ֮𡭡ȻҲȰ⣿
СҲҶЦ˪Ů㰮ݼڣȸԴͷòã˼ΪԼҶЦŶ߿һ۵ģôǿͷδ̫Լ˰ɣ
չƷɡ˵ʱһ飬СʦܣʦųͷҲȷֳַϺòãô˵ĨɱЦں˪ŮеλãŮЦӳ̶ȣַӾܶɱ֣
ĶȴָеǼʵСʦܴ˼ʺŮм䣬룬λãȣ޴֣ɵûޣ
ҶͬżȻҲοԼӶԼʦҳϣⳡĵĲ԰ڴʵûнأͬûޡ
Уɱ֮𲻹죬Ҫġ˪º˺˵漴һתҲвء󣬵ֲ࣬ǻзִ硭
仰Ȼ͸¶Щ΢תأԾɺأ
һٷĺΣ쳣ӵ֮жȹ
չƷصĻط̾
¹˪ǿʵ
˼ԤĺŨ޷ɢѪȷ硣
ҶΪˣԴҲ޷Ȱ⣬һ̾Ϣ
Цһᡣ
˵ģҶһû֮ʱҶЦҪΪ˼Ц֪ԵʣͲ֪ȥˣ
㲻˵жͼΪ㱨ѩޣȻҪվЦ˵ϣʲôޣ飬Ҷʸɲ
ʵҶв֪һڵܹ֮ȫõ»ʵǷݳŵӲԭΪЦӦ˵ֱ

ºУ˪Ŀº˵죬Ĳ֪أ
º죬ͷվñֱµСѧһҲҶĽѵ⡣
ˡԲͦôҶЦв̣ڡ˵ѾҲǹģõôɫô
ߣ˪ģѾͷ˵ûй˼ɣʹѵҲǲס
˵˾㣬¶ȥˡҶЦ˪ȻģҲΣɴԵ˽¡
磬²Թ㣬ҵĴºתתġ
֪ϴдĴηͷԺ󱣻ҺˡҶЦһתڿֵ
ǵȻǱҲôģŮʱ̧ͷӽԺ󣬾ǣҲԲκ˺һë
ϣȫ÷ĵĿϵ̬˵ģ
ն
޿ɣ
ҶЦȫܹоѾͷΪԼԲһеľģ
˺ˣҲϢɣһµһ졣ҶЦҲܾ糿ǡ
ãŮӦãȴעҶЦҶЦһҪ̲סǣڻǺݺ߳š

ڶ죬ҶЦټչƷɺʱֻ֮ɫ
ۿǺڵġ
Ȼһû˯ļơ
˵ΪۣĪ˵ֻһҹ˯㵱ʮ첻˯ҲڲҵˣȻΪ˪Ůǿ̬磬޿κεУǰδе֮С
˼ټҶЦ˾ǲԼͬ̾һ
˵ʵڵģҶЦǺ˵顣
һЦһ쵶Ÿüɹ۽Ԫˣս֮£ż˳սŽ˸Ūˡ
ֲֳѷɫǰߵһӦϵ鷳⻹ǵһֱĿǰ顣
¶ûꣻðȾӦݵ¹˪Ҫ˵ǸĪĶд̿ͣǸһֱδֵıѩͺѩ
ΪЦͷСܣѩôܲѰأ
һЦͺ쵶ǰЩѣʶЩûγɵĶͬСɣһƽ٣üޡ
Ψһĸоȴֻ޼ƿʩ
λʦ֣ôˣҶЦ֪ʡ


388 ½
һѪ٣޿ɱ⣬ϯ¡չƷһ㲡
׵ģڡǳŻǺ󡭡ͷԡ
СʦܣڴҪ֣صؾ㣬һҪʱչƷأޱȵࡣ
ǵģ쵣ǵĿһҶЦһ浽ǸʱʲôùܣֱӸϽ·ǣΪȣƽٳŵİȫСֱĵķǣұάϵ
ҶЦһĪж漴̽˵ǵΣգǷԿΪǿأȷˣ˵ĵλʦرҸ˽⣡
չƷɺԳ̾
УչƷɳĬΣſЦһ
ΪΣѵ֪ΣٱţǾһΣҶЦȴĲˡ
СʦܣԵ֪ޣιǵɱЦΪ򣻶Ӧ¹˪Ϊ˸ЦѩޣζԹ
ǳ汨ǵĸΪȻʵǿþˣܹ˵ƹ£ҵȳɸҡĿܡԣǳµıȥҲν
֣γɵʵͲǵˡ
ȣıȻ㳲ΪǳǵĹǱţǸų֣ͱ˳˳µġ
ԭûвֽĽڣҲʹ˱ö֮ˡ
˪Ů¹ˡ
һǳ֣Ȳܵһһ¹ĳϡ֮һҷгԶԷͲ˽˶ԹǱ˼֮Ľ𣡡
Ǹʱ򣬿սżȮһ㸲һҲʣ£Ʒɸ㣬һʲôԣҪڵһʱݣҶƹͦ¹˪Ҳ⣬ΪǱ˵ӣ˫һսȻǵж׳Ŀ꣡
찦֮̾࣬ȴֶҶЦ׻׻̻塣
˵ڱĵֽ׶ε֮ߡΪһ֣ĺһҲ޷ܵġ
һᣡ
߱Ķ۵һͱֱ߱һ
£һ顣չƷɳ棺¹˪Цõ飬֪òŻ㱨
ҶЦ㶣˼˲ת漴ǺЦλʦ˷òƻЩ鷳˼룬ǷܸλʦһЩ
չƷɺԴϲϣעչƷȿڵ⼸Сʦ½ʱ򣬷ΪƸΪ꣬ǼƳȺ˵зƸ¥׹֮ҲСʦܵǼǰꪳɳǰҾ֣Сʦ˼֮ʿܹӦԡ
ɶҿ˭ҵҥôͶˣô˼ˣţЩô֪ģҶЦԳŭǺ˺òãϰ׹ӵʱǲδŲίߵ֮ô
оǣԼ׹飬òں½֪˶޼λô֪ˣòƻ֪ĺ˵
չƷɺٺɵЦŵ˪Ůݵĵڣ˾¸ƹϣҲǰٰ޼ƣͻȻʲôظұ֤һ£ں½֮ʱԱϻΪʵƸ¥׹ӣŮ֮䣬࣬״δؾȫȻ޽⡭
ҶЦһٲ״ʵԤıͬš԰ҵҲ֪òǺ
ŵ˵ֵξǰ麯ƼʱսƣصᵽСʦķƸ֣֮׹Ӷܸ㶨κΣ֣Ҳģԡ
ҶЦԵ˵ͷԭ壬ȷʵǶҵĳﻮ֪֮ꡭԭ˴ζ̫Ѹ٣弴Ҳʹպһβͣû뵽˼ҸôһȻǽϵ
չƷɼҶЦһĳƪǲطȥˣߴٵҵĺʦܣϵʲôģȷһߣоºòûɶô
ǰǰæ˵Σ֣СʦָԽ򡭡ǸӦԲźã
ҶЦ漱ˣ㲻˵Щ⻰üͷէչ˵һ˵ǰ״Ȼ˵
˵˵ͬʱڡ
͵ǰ״ԣ˪˶λʦ֣Բû̫ĳޣλʦֲжϲɡ
ҶЦĲ˵ͳ̸Ǵ׷˼ҪʲôȴôλʦͬһϳԷ


389 أ
԰԰һҶĿˣȻôԶ׼鶼ˡ˻Ȼ漴ȴǣô˵Цվˣܸô˵ҲǲѪ𰡡Ҳ˵ˣ¹˪ӣλ𾴣ֱĸҪĽ˼ȴ׷Źأ
Ҫõ־Ҫ棬ֻǶʣҲǰ˼⡣ҶЦüͷһڤ˼ӡ
Сʦ룬ӱԿйϣȫСʦˡչƷɺϣעҶү
˿Ƕ֪ǰ
ʵǾһδķˡ
ǵģҴҵµʮȻĸ߶սֻü˶ѡ
ΨԪƷϵĸ߼ߣƶ֮ϳųӣʮӵһɳĻᣬҲΪδṩչռ䡣
϶˵ĸ߲ʧˣȫʧֻҪʧ룻ôֻһӦ¹˪㹻úţ
ΪҶЦԵʻᣬͶ󣬰λ̫ϳϵ£ʦƼƷԪԪĸ߲սٻҪټϣ
ҲҶЦҲҶЦ
ͬΪҶЦӵԵʣںѾ˳ˡ
ԭĺڣǳ֦ͬʲô鷢ҲһԣȻǵʮ㡣
ǿЦ쵶֣֮д¾Ϳɼһߣ
˼ʸո˵ʱȴ֪ϤǿƾУҪϾӦڸ¹˪ˣλǵϺ󣬿¡¼ܹڸֱ߽
Σ
Ͼۺʵ֮һսԶԣ϶Ҫһ֣޿ɺǣ
ʵҪ˵µ̬ơδؾûתءҶЦĲ˵λòƶһǱ൱ġҪȥ̽̽ǵĿڷ磿
չƷɷ˷ۣУ㲻ռֵĹ⣻˼ΪǰһѾܲˣȥ̽ǵĿڷ磬һùǵŭ𣬰ŭйϡ
֮ԣŮǿʵһСٶҲ׸
ʼΪΪ˪Ůʵǿ˵ã֮Ƹ¥İ׹ӣ֮ƶ֮֮Σҿ˵׹ӣ˫正δؾͲܳ׸㶨¹˪ҶЦȻ˵һ˵ҲǺһӣصΣѹͷҪ̽һ£벻ɣǾһ⡣
СʦܣչƷɺĿⶼοжɫʣǺÿ˶һ㾡ıڣγǺ۰£
Ƿģɽǰ·ˡҶЦĵȥԣ
˵ת̤ȥ
̳һ㣬ÿһ׳ҵķΧ
׼Ӱۼݼɣ
ĳӰûֱȥŮǱߣȥҶǱߣףҪȥλӡ
ȥɡֻ˵һҪСģ˼Ҷ㻳飬ȴǱݡ
ţҴȥ˳Ҳ̽̽ڷ硭ϾǺӡ
ԹѪ𰡣ЦЦ㡭
ɷΪΪӦΪΪ޷ˡ
ãҵĶӣ֧㣡
Ҷһο
ҶЦٶȥ
кòˣҲȥˣˡ
ڶԹ˭鷳ʲôġ
ȣ
ǻһ仰¶
ֳɱˣÿʮΰ˴ҲӶ࣬ĵĲӶ࣡
ںʵʱ䣬ʵĵص㣬ʵкʵ¼Ե
ϷȫݼϷݼ
׾Թ϶һİӰȻһ
ΥĶҶЦָʹŸôʱĿðͷˡ
߰ĳҶЦͷ϶ţС۾ɨˡ
ء
߽һԴʾԼĲ
ѾĻҲҶЦ״һԼ˵ôҩôĵرԼ˲˵һ룬ôҲһɣҪûȱ컹ĺôôùھȻ
βͰɨɨȻĳҲ֪ԼȷʵЩɴ಻˵ˡ
˵㡭ҶЦǺЩ̬ƣôӴôҩžɳԵˣҲűˡôĺöȻëû೤һɶˡ
Ȼĳţ״ضҶЦͷ˹һԼӣһ£ȡ
ΣԼȡʵǺܿɹ۵˵ǽռҩİװԼСôʱûȻȴҲһֱʳҩԼĵȼˢˢ
ȻЩǲҪС֪Ϊá
Ҫ֪ˣ㲻үҰƤҲúİһ
ء
ȻҪƣ


390 Ů̫
үأ˹źӣ־緢
ˡ
ˡ˪Ȼ漴š֨ѽһͿˡ
˪ºСԴͬʱһһð˳
óŮȦҲЩ죬ȻҹҲû˯á
ҡҶЦ΢ЦŴ˸кȻڹ̬
ĳַǺбҪΣ
ѽ
ŮէǰµʱһɲǼ䷢ֱϲ״ı˳۹
ҶЦס
ȥ̬Ҳ̫˰ɣѾϲˣؽ컹ķӦȻֳΣٷ磬ºͿסǿɶǴˣöֶ
Ǵ˫ۣȴŮ뻳еĳֳ漴ͱʵˡ
ۺÿɰ
ۺƯ
ˡ
ŮȻһ彫ֻСȫȻĳˣǾץϵĶ
أԼ֮־ǰһĻʱһĺë״ءˢһܳȥ߰ɿռ䡣
ҿŮˣҪħô
үˡ
ץס
Ǳߡ죡
ŮۼֵСɰɣκοᣬˢһҶЦӹȥ
ҶЦľȻվſڣŵ˫ۻûü£һЦ
ȴҶЦıɫݳȫݼԣȴʧĳֳľ֣˿˿ۣ
ҿѾͷȻԼӶ
׷һֻСèȥˣ
⡭
ڻܵһӭҶЦ벻С磬ɿɰɾƯһȾСèŮӵνģ
ĳֳȷʱ䣬ȷĵص㣬ȷǰ£ȴΪЯһЧܴȴǸõĵ߶⵽Ȼ֮⣬ȴ֮У
ϴƴ㣻Զٶȶԣ˵򷶳֮ڣ֮ƥУ˪ʼǵԪƷ۷֣ǵΪˣƳƶٶǷͬСɣҪǣŮ˴ͨĬ˼ǳֲ׽糤ӣһһһ˸߹һˣȻܣʱɱʧȴǽп죬
ڶԣŮΧҪҪģҪ֪Ůòƺ˹ϵǳܣȻҲͲǰϺѩһϬһһצӽŮ࡭
Լֻӵù
ҹֻһζ㣬νرʧƶ򱻶ŮѹۿҪ־ˡ
Miaȣ۾ĵҶЦ
ҶЦŸ첲ʲôܣڸ棬ֲץסƤ˳ԣôô
MiaУ˼ˣǽôǲԸⱻ棬Ըⱻô
˾ˣһ𣡡ҶЦˣνעΡ
Թ֮࣬ʧ䣬¶ʱˡ
һӣ˪һԽץڻĵֻèܵ졭
ºͷͬ
ŮղھУȫһ⾡ֻСèʸ־һҪ׽ΪֹڽСè׽У»ϲ֮࣬ȴǾֻСè˵ãƶٶȾȻ쵽ȵزҪԺ޶򷶳룬Լеķʸزѹսѹƶ룬滻տĵط뾹ץסġ
Ů֪ﻹǶҶЦһˮĽҶЦԼ뿪ԺӣԺǽܵסүȥ·
ƴٶȣȻһȫ֣ٶٿʮҲǾץסΣ
˪Դϡ䱦һŶһİ֣º㿴èÿǿɰֻһƴ󡭡ۣëϸְףʵٿצӣСɵĺÿɰ۾㿴⡭
ұᣬұᡭº
˪һת£һûء
״رŮڻֻСһ֣ĽлҵĿҶЦ
ҶЦԴӶţЦеĴչֻСè仹ɣ
ֹǲֱ̫ˣ˪̧ͷСڶͷĨһѣ̫ɰˣ
ɰͶһᡭҶЦ˶ȵ񣬺ܴ󷽵˵˾ͳɡ
羡˵á˪ºԸŶòֺ
ı۾һϬڶϴҺ㡭
ҶЦɴ˲ĺ㣬۾Ʋ죬Ůڣ
ڳܲ˹ٵش˪ӳ漴ҲɶطˣŲ·Ľ޾ռ䡭
ֱռ֮Уȫˣأ
Ů̫ˡ
Ưİëһⶼôﰡզô̬ء
ԺүһҪŮԶһ㣻ߵЩŮˣЩŮ˵ı̬û޺޵ġ


391 ӥ
Ȼʧˣ˷ޱȵ˪ȻԸĴѰ޹֮󣬱㼴ʼҶЦڣһɾӸ£ûĲݵĿ
ҶЦ̯֣ô֪èȥˡ϶ˡҲûƶٶȣץôѾǸƽﶼңҿû
˪ȻҶЦ˵ǽĿⶢʪ񼸺ҶЦͶ͵񹦣ѹ˳뷨
ȻŮɰݣأһҶЦҪĵڡ
ڵˣ
ౡһϿȻ漴˸
ҶЦ״ʱһ㶣ס
ӥ
Ȼ
ôôͳˣ
ؽⲻ˸˪ҲסˣʲôȻŪô춯
ҶЦѸж̬ƣʱ߳⡣
˪ºҲ߳ȥȴΪղ󶯾ʵھˣȻǲҶЦжȻҪڲ̧࣬ͷĿȥֻн˸һͷ˶񿥽ӥڰƺѰʲô
ȴֻӥ¾ǻƽɫëӳ֮£ͨ嶼ǻƽһ㣻⣬ôķ
ֻӥ˿һޡ֣Ƿǳ˶
ӣ˫չʮɿ
ôӥ
ӥ
ӥ
Ưӥ
˪ºڳޡ
ֻӥôһֱϿ뿪˪üͷ漴Ҫֻӥ桭˵Ǹöã
ºȫ㽣Ҫֻӥ
ȻŮеֻӥΣռ˵䲻ģ¹˪֣ӵ԰ӼǿʵϾֻǼֻӥȴ֮⣡
ֻӥӵܹһ䷨ȫ˵ǿͬСɣ
ȻºĻδ䣬ֻֻĽӥ˫һչһ죬ȴ˻õζ
漴˫һգӥһö޴Ļƽʸһ㣬˼£
ĽͻȻΪһ֧޼еĽɫ
˪º˹ʣг
ӥԲԲĽͫԼߡ
ѵȻҪǣ
ղ˪ŮȻԽӥ㽣ŮʲôˣֻǴӽӥһɸ壬ѾѸжϳͷӥսֻ·ͬСɣǲҵͬʱ۱ΪȻֻӥƯܿɰǡƽ׹ȴҲǲеġ
䣬ỹߡ
Ҫֻ˵ǵˣȴô˺
Ȼһ̣վŮߵҶЦȴ¶Դĵ׵Цݣ͵̤ǰ֡
һֻ̣ƺЯž֮񿥽ӥ׹֮ƶȻֹͣ
ͬһ⻮˰֮УȻͣס
ͣפҶЦֱϡ
˪ºĿɿڴ۾ǲ˼ע֮£ӥ쳣ӴȻɵҶЦϣֻѻצӣİסҶЦֱۡ
˶޵ӥ徹ͽȻûһ㡣
ҶЦº͵ЦݣӥƫͷͬůĿעҶЦϣĽԼĴԴҶЦϲ¡
ȣ
ҶЦЦͬȵֱס˽ӥĲӣ˵Сӥˣ
ӥŲӽĹС
Ƭ֮вȺ͵
ۼ֤һĻ˪ºŮֱҪˡ
ôƯǿɫ覡ĽӥȻǴģ
ĳ
ֻ˵ǣһͷ
⡭̫ϲˣ
Ůûоκ˼Ծų˹
ӥƫͷɻעСŮˣڰͷԵĹ
ҵáСӥֵܣãһˣײҶЦ͡
ӥתתƺǾһ˼ƫͷ˼ΣȻ˵ͷƵ˪º
ŮʱӼˣ
ֻСè䣬ȻƯĲ񻰣˻ȫ˽ԼöİȻ֪ôˣ
ĳޣ˻ǽаôòãòãòãҪĻ˵飡
ֻӥȻö˻
۰
ŮһˣԱס˽ӥ۰̫ϲˣ̫ϲˡ
ҶЦ˺һӥ䵽˵ϣӥоǲ֪ŮˣȻǱԼЦʲô˼ƫͷĽɻİڰͷ
Ժ棻ңдѵĺöŶҶЦæ͡
ȻĽͣڹ˽㣬ұȽӮýӥøеķʽ
ӥԶʱϲޣ


392 ˣ
Ȼûʲôˡ
һӥʱ浽һӥҲǼį̫£ͻȻ飬˵عֱУŮ˷ܵò֪Լɶˡ
ǡ
ǿýӥǷתȦҶЦĻǵĹƻ
Ǹɴι˽ӥһ鵤
ӥ鵤ڣʱʲôȫûˣȻطӣʵжʾ⣺ҴǷȦ
Ŷ˪ºСͨ죬ЩϢ
˵ıΪۣ߿շиͲ£ԼʩչΪķ״ڽӥϰļӸУȫȻͬһָо
òãòãòã
ҪĻ˵飡
ŮȫȻ˼һʱ˽ӥı
һӥӥһģƵķһŮһ˷ļУŽӥľȫչҲŮԽԽӦ
ӥһ߿ա
ʣһͷɫӥϼ񿥵ļٷ裻Ŵݣֱо֮ƣ
ڽӥϣɫŮӣѩƮƮֱɽ¡
һĻ޹ڵһʱ䣬м֤һĻˣ

̫ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
һγӥ죬˪ºŮΨһĸоֻ˷ܣ˷ܵüܺӥķٶȿľˡ
ǧ֮ң಻˲ţ
ӭľ磬ƲʣŮֻĿɤӶˡ
ȻҲŮΪˣԳܵסӥٷУٳѹ˵ģҶЦǰѾͻ˵Ԫǲ񹦣ǿȶԿѹȴҪδάϵ
ϣҶЦ澡ǳЦݣĿԶʾͷһӥˣȻҸζ㡣
һУ˳ʱ
ŮӽӥʱС˵ģһէѵĸоΧƣΧŽӥһ꺮ůϸĲýӥÿһë
չ˵΢
ӥҲͶұʱԼļŮͷһ£漴ͰװŬչԼһ档
ҶЦ״Цˡ
ӥһȻͬܺýӴʵԼ֮⣬ǸԼϵٽˣǻҲϣֻ˵ǸƲϣһܿܿߴʤĸ̬
ӥȫ෴ýӴֻҪǽӴˣܺǢһദ
ҪﵽǢദǰֻһӥҲֻԼֻҪԼ֮󣬽ӥϾûɶˡ
˸棬Խӥ˵ҲǺֵܿ飬˿ԣ
ǡкöء
ȻˣҪӥһ棬ΪҪ൱ˮ׼Ź񣬾ͺҶЦˮ׼ģòƾͲ񣬲˵ģûеԪнΪʵӥһʼɵѹԸɣ
˵Ϊ˻ҪǿǽӥκϣһСҲûˡ
ֻҪΪˣȻͿ˪ŮһӥǢദ
ӥһαҶЦ̵ʮңǾݣ̵󣬶ҪϸŽԼԴȥ˼˼һ̬װ಻Ը
ƨֺõģ˼ˡ
Ǽ¿ǸӥĥӰ
ΨԼĳָӣôһεĻ
ӥˡ
һξˣҪˣ
мڴˣӥҶЦ쳣ϣҶЦҲǼΪչˣΪܹ˳˳ĳԵö
ദϷĹУȻϣСӥͻȻ֣ʵҲֵ
Ծʵԣۼϲӥǳ˶ֹһ
һʱ䣬ҶҼϿգǽӲӣ޹
˸ʣХХȥ֮УһŽãʱ̸ƶٶȿ磬ݣ
˽ϰ˽ɫâĸƶ켣ǽɫâһͷӥ֮࣬ȴҲ֮˽ӥϣȻʤѩٻӰ
ֻ̲֮࣬סһԾ̾
¹˪ȻϬΪʥȻ񿥵ģʵֲĳ
ȻǸ¸Ī⣡
չƷԴ˸ӵ١
ȼ޵еĳΪ
Ӽʵȫ޸սĺˣ֮¹˪ԺĿֲϵֱ
㲻˵ͷӥںһ޵ѹƣֻ룬ֻҪͷӥڣʱܹ֣ٶΧҲԳ˼Ҵ·ɣͷӥķٶ֮졭ǵԪ۷ǿҲ׷ϵģ
˫Ͳ߱ɱԣ
ʵҲֻм֮϶л֮Է߾ߣüмܣӦ͵Цˡ

ԶһӰͬһȻƣȽȽ
ԶԶͿյİӥ
ͷӥػӦ¶ԾɫӥϾȻˡף¹˪
¹˪ȻѾô񲻴Ӧɫٶһ䣬ӿ˷ٶȣ
һƣԱһߣ
һ׾Թ϶ڵʯ䲻ݷ֮ʣٵҶҼ֮ڣ
ҶЦ̧ͷĿԶ˪ӥˣͻȻһ¶ƺߣ߼ʲôӰԼһش顭
ҶЦüͷ
ҶҼܷʲôӰԼһش飿
漴𰸳ˡһ͵Ȼ
һ˲䣬ҶЦɫһӾͱˣ
˵˿ɻҶңıӦǰݷҶҵͨһ
Ȼ͵ζȴһ־ǧ¸ߣֻǵƺһλ߽߲࣬ʣʤѩľɫ
ҶЦȻһ
ɫˢһӱɷס
Ӧ

ˣ


393 Ҷľ
˪ºڸ߿òֺԴʧȻû⵽һǿĵ
ҶЦӻһ㾶Գš
ȻëͷСӣһ̣еǷݼԾǲƵģ
ҶҴ⣻ӦȻվ
ͬһŵһȾ
ҶҼٶһƬ֮С
һһһ˸߹һ˵ĳѾ˵񾭶һ൱ĸ߶ȣҶһط壬ִƼ֮λȻӣҶҴҶЦڳīϺɨŴȻּ¹ʥŮǿ
ۼҶΣ֮ʣƮƹȺͦʥŮ飬ʽ֮࣬¹ͷŴ֣¹˪歵٣ٶ˶ϡ
ۼ޿ת֮ʣҶҴҶЦٽ湦ĹؼҶүĴȻ¹˪ĴȫȻһ£粨ٶֹϢҶڴ˾Ǹһ¥˵һ۵һʣβ˵
Ǵ˼ͻأٵ֡ıӦ
ǽһɵˡ
ȻӦıΪҲͱº˪κһ߳һȴϷ֮У¹˪˵սڸߵļУۼռҸӶľǾӦ
ӦʲôˣıĹѹʾЦҶЦδˣʱʸ־Ϊ򱨳𣬵ɱǿɱ󳬼˵ӣɱ桭ûԺˣ
Ѫɱ¾Ůħͷͷֱ׷ϵµһŮħͷ
ܶ˾Ϊλ½Ůħͷĵ࣬оԼ·Ҫ޷ˡ
ҶҼֱһԼС࣬ĵĳܲס
һλʵ򶥼ܣͻȻҶңѰǷأ
Ҳ벻ԭСҶңôˣ
ѵ֮еĳҪڵײɣ
ѵеĳǿߣҪＯУ
Ʈƹ¹ıĹ
һ֮Уʵǿһ
ҶչƷ˺ѣһסˡ
չƷɺɫˢһֱˡ
һƬҰס
ɫôõģҪŵģ治λ̫С˼˵Լţ
ǲܱ˵ˣ˵˭˭
Խ⣬漰˾Ȼ۵һ
¹˪Ӧ
ɶŰ϶ͷ
Ҫ˵ͨҶЦһʱ˪ŮвʱѹȥˣǾӦô˵λŵҵУ£Եݣɱ˵
չƷɺ쾪˾جͻձѵоԼףģ
ʲô顭ǻ˵ô
˸ĵģӦ֪Լڴˣ˪Ů֪Լڵģ֮࣬᲻Լ˿ڣΪأ
ͬʱλĪ˵Կֻܶܲ˵˵
λ԰꣬Ҷ;ҶҵĹֻҪҶû;λҶҳ⣬ȳȥҶǳ˽չƷɺ˵飬Ǵĳŵȫ
չƷɺ쳣ӣͷ⡣
ߣԪƷǿߣһոԪСɫŵ֣оζҪ̫ɶ˺òã
ҶһߣһԸӣ˿ڲ֪֮УҶңȻѾΪеġ
һеԴͷȻΪ˵Ц֮
ԼмԨԴԼ˼ҵĵϵˣ¹ҲԼйϵ񣬾Ӧˡ꣬ǻǷ¹Ӧټ顭
Ҷ첽ߣоһ顣
ҶҵĴ治֪վһ߲źˡ
ߡಡһ
ƺʲô˷˳ȥ
Ҷ춨һҶЦѾٴڳ˴š
Сõ졭Ҷ״˵ģ˵Ҷһа¶ܹҶĵˣôҶЦĪ
䣬ǰַ粨ǶӳƽϢǣ
Ȼһ洦ҶĽŲҲ
вϵ˼
һ˪ºоӦҶչƷ
Լô죿
Ҷָô죡
㾡ȫչ
ӵǶȣҶҵȻӦûչ죬ȻҶҶȥҲǣǶǾӦԼֱ׳û˼ҾӦԼһͲ֪ȥˣԼ˵ӦΪЦ𣬷ӻǵĳˣܽеô
ǲչ죿òҲ˵ȥ˼ʼͦҶңԼͬСʦܵʵ⣬ް٣ԼͶұΪ֮ʣ֮γƵ壡


394 Ӧ
˵壬Υ壬е壬Υ壬ĺ񣬽Υ塭
Ҷ˼ȥôôԣֻ̾һ;
Ϊ˵Υ壬ôƿǵѭôģ

ҶЦһ㼱ţһ۾ͿڴǵΥӰ
һһذףͤͤ˪ʤѩΨ޽ǸһССİ׻
ԨsŵפҶҴ⣬Ȼȴ˼֮⣡
ǧ쳾㷱ȫûκιϵ
ĮȻƺϣҲûκ£ܹٶȻʡ
һС׻ǴТı־
ҶЦһӾʹסˡ
Ӧ

ǰ
һ̣ҶЦĺͬŭвһĲӿ۳ճյˣһʱ侹Ȼȫ˵
ӦĿҶЦһۣüͷ
Ҷµô£
ҶѳʾݣҶҼ˵ӭҲһĳϼǰӭɣֻһСͷֱǺĲӣ
ӾͲˣҴ˴ǰּΪ˴һţȴҲҶǣ࣬ǸСͷ˴ݵĵۿҡһľСʵ̫Ƿܽˡ
ôŮ˿ģ
ֱǡ
ӦüͷҶҼڣ
ӦʾԸݣӦıǰι۹ݣǵԪ۷ǿߵݣҶҶԣӶʸĳݣ˼ʵһҶҼڣѾǺܷǳ൱رĸҶˣ
Ҷ»ڵʱһܳɣǵսľʧǣ
ǳţȫ޷Ӧ
ҶЦд˼ʾֻ仰
лڣεӰֻ
ĺ˻ģ
ǵһΣϵĿԡ

֪жڣ
֪ڸоǰԼǶôĻ쵰޴Ȼߣ޲簡
֪Ҷ˼ѾҵɬҪ
ҶЦֻоƺסˣһҲ²
Ӧ𽥵
ҶҼٳٲȴһ˵Լ
һŮӣһôĹãָܵ衣
οŮӻӦľǿߣ
ҲʱٵҶҲ߳ӣҶҼҶӭ٣˾üط꣬ˡ
Ӧͷȷʵǹ˾ñط꣬½Էǣǣ
ӦȻĮζԶ
ҶǺЦСӱȮҶЦӼʱأ˵ܹӳֻ࣬׿ϵġĽӵĴ
Ҷε
һ֪߳״һȻ赭дĽҹˡ
ȴһǣҿСӿ˼Ҿӵôҿﵱءѵһ۾Ϳ˾ӣ
ģǿɾˡ
˼ӦӹȻ˫˼ɫС֮ģԭҲ֮е飬ǡ˫ݵλΪ䡭κһҲ̫ˡ
Ǿûκϣ˵
⻹ģ˾֪ӦЦƺȻЦʣδ˵ԾӣΪ価Ľչ
ԼȻҲҶЦǴҶЦǱҶЦӵС˼֪ˣԵĶ˵ֱӶɱˣ˭ŶûãһûС
һ㣬ͱĶԣҶ첢̫޳Լ׷ӦΪ˼ҾһȱԼͬ¹ѩҶЦδĺӴҶЦЦԼ˵ͷΪһűʱգЦɹʣСӾ͵˾ˣԼ˵δˣֹޣֱ޲о
Ҷ˲ʱ¶ģһҪѶٵ뷨ϨΪΪܸ޲飡
ȴ֪޲飬Լ͸ɹˣȻ޲ĸòƽȻ෴
һ˾ҶĶӣӦüѹеĻ֮ǰȥ¹һˣ¹ѩ
Ҷһ󼤶æʵ׾ô
ӦһܲáҴһ仰
˵ͣ
תͷ˼ҶЦ
ҶЦȻһ૵ʲô
ӦĬһ£Ҹ㡭ֻҪ㡭úõأúõػš㡭޳ʲôҲܸ㡭նҪúõģ¹ܺãһаݣ㲻Ҫ
⼸仰ھӦֻת棬Եƽˡ
ҶҶЦλ̫̫ݣ
һĸ׵Ը



395 ׷
γ룬Ҫһ㿴ԼĶӣγҪžۣȴ¶Ϊ¶⵽Σգʲô嶯Ϊ
öΣΥĵ鹹˵㲻ҪĻԡ
У̺˶Ρ
˹Ī״
Ҷһ̾Ȼ
ҶЦҲȻʧԱ
ҴеĿıˣѴˡӦ˵һ䣬漴ӾȻת̤С
ӼҶңҶȻӳ;׾ϢǧפЪϢƬ̣ҶĳԾ֮꣬м֮ģ
ˡӦ˼ֻĵ׾˵оķңҺڣν
ӰˢһѾ˼ʮ֮⡣
һѾʧӰ
ͻȥøͻأ
;ӦԣҶ컹ҶЦǿɽ֮ˣԼҶãҶٳٲҶЦȻԼĿעӣ۾ԼȻǶԼ֮ģһеụ̂ʧ֮ĸˣкʸԼ۽ڴ˶ͣƬ̣ò
ĵ׶ԼѹͲ뷨
ԵԵɲ飬֮ͬʣҲ
Ҷ̾˿Ϊ˹ŵȳ;棬Ȼ
һתͷȴֶҲѾˡ
һХԺȻ
ӥһ£˪º״ҶЦʲô£
м£Ҫӥһ̣
ڼҪܣҲҪ¡
ҶЦ˵࣬ԾϽӥıһ֮߳࣬ӥһط𣬡ಡһڿһӰ˲һ㣬ôƾʧˣ
ӥ˿ڱֳٶȣ֮ղžҪ̫̫ˣ
˪º۵Сۣ׷죬̾˿˵ᣬʲôôżҲס
ǡºŰۡ
ֳȥ͵ȥ˰ɣףӻζǵܰ£˪쿪
ɡºҧָͷЩ󲻶Ӷˣ͵ˣ͵޿κΣ͵˼㲻ϰɡ
˪룬֣صͷе
ǸǸȥأŮŽϣһڤ˼룬档

ҶЦļ٣ӥȥһ·أԲϵشߴٽӥ١
Ȼ֪ӦΪٶȣһ¼ǽӥٶȣҲδ׷ϣҵõ
Ӧ²ãȫټۣһ·ͬһɫ⣬ȥ
ֻڷټ֮УµĲ콥ƽˣǣңԼȥԼһˣ
ɫĮȻޱϲŭ
һȥڤİ·
ĳΪ㱨
ܷ񽫳𱨵óףҶȥ㣡
»ȪһΣң
һ·ķɳۣͬ۵糸ԶԶأȻѾҩɽɽƵ
ӦХһٶȾһμӿ졣
ȻʱͻȻһӥ쳹գ
ƺϼһӥ֮࣬ƬƬ䣬ڡ
ӦʶתͷѭȥֻԼңԶʱ˶ˣһͷӥ˸Ž׷϶
ͷӥٶʵǿ쵽ݣ˫ԶԶԶǾӦ߲һͣһָ˲䣬ͷӥѾ˾Ӧͷϣ
ÿٶȣӦһ䣬Լг̡
Ȼֵ£ҲѾھӦŵ֮ϣ޷ĺ
Ӧʩչշ̸֮·ȴէֻͷӥɹԼϿ֮ʣȻʹ˶һ١
һ̣һȻʹ˸
ȻԼλø
ӦĿһȵ˲䣬ȴѾˡͷ֮ʵĽӥıϣȻˣ
쫷ӥ֮Ƿ׷ɣ˿Ψһ˫۾ȴƺ㶨һԼǲơ
ҶǸӣӦϳ˶Էݣ֮࣬ողƽŭٶС׷ʲôǴԼղԼҶһ۴ھȻˣβ׷ԼΪҾӦǺ۸ô
һ֮࣬Ӧ²ΪҶҴٵΪˣҿǶһй֮ĴˣҺ¹ʩѹĸĸͲܻƾԲĻᣬʱ˿̣㾹ȻԾ˲֮ģǻֱˡҶЦ֣
ӥһ·½ٶ죬ͣǣӥ˵۾ȴһգգעžӦ
Ӧܹо˫۾棬̺ģĸС
УȻĲһ¡


396 飬쳾Σ
ӦԭȻŭȻٶǵľƽ
ΪӦ˵˫۾˰ǸΣ飬ʹᣬϲ
еĸ飬һ˫۾ҵõ
˫㶨۾
ӦתٶֹסѾǰĽ

ͬһʱ䣬ӥͬһ֧һ㣬ǰԼɵĵط£־⣬ȻԼܹ׷ϾӦȾǿߣܵ⡣
ҶЦƮ¡
Ľӥͷ
ӥòƻȻͷԳ𡭡
ʱҪˣǱһɽÿɽȥǲкö

ҶЦվھӦǰһʱĳ촽Щ
ӦüͷЩɻʵǣҶӣҶӴæ׷ʲô֮ǰʲôûн𣿡
ȻӦͷŭ𣬲ٵҶЦȴֻҶĶӣǡҶӣԲƺҶЦӡҶЦ֮࣬Цֱͬĳν
ΪھӦԣҶЦֻ֣һˣ
ǸѾˣ֣ҲʹӾӦԺĨȥ
˲֣

Сȷʵ飬Ҫ;һ̸ҶЦһȶһԼ
˵ɡӦĮ˵ɫ¶һɾǧ֮䵭Χ
ҶЦЦһ˵ʾӣһ仰֪û˵
ӦδǻֻǾҶЦ˵ɫƽˮȫ⣬Ȥ
ҶЦԹԵ˵һʫ飬˭ƽ·쳾ΣԸԳտ񣻽лڣεӰֻĺ˻ġ
ҶЦ̧ͷžӦƵĲӣ˵ʫ
ֹ˵
ӦҶЦſ˵һ仰ʼͿʼ˲ԽĲȻ̧ͷĿضҶЦϣҶЦ꣬ŴʣӦۿѾˣĿǾӨ
ĽǼУһ使ʱܵڷĻ䣻촽һ˲Ѫɫ֣˭
˭ҶЦЦЦʾӣ⼸仰Ϲм֪
Ӧţҧס촽ٲ˵
ʫĺ䣬в֪ΪӦͽ֮Լ뷿У쿴š
ܹˣıлͦ١
Щ׽ʦʦãŮȹۡ
֪ġ
ǣǰ仰ȴֻ֪
һǾӦһҶЦ
ЦҶЦ
ӦʼնƬǰ仰˵ǰ仰ԹҪԶԶں䡣
ΪЦܾԼɣ
飬˭ƽ·
ǵģ飬Ȼ˿дܹϴʼǰеĹͣһΪ̤ǣΨвиŬܺõȥǣν͵úˡ
ڡ쳾ΣԸԳտһ䣬ȴǱˣҺγ֪쳾֮лλ㣬ֻԸ˼·Ϊһ𣬿¾Ͳͨ·ǰˡ
ԣлڣεӰֻ
ΪľһƬ顭
ԣĺ˻ġ
ȴһǸΡ
ԭҲһע޷ֵĿͷŵ
ҶЦ
ӦһͻȻ¶ǰɱ˭
˭ҶЦοЦҶЦ
֪ҲҶЦʵ˭Ӧһɱ֣Ѿ˽ϣкâ˸
ԾӦΪҪɵһԪСʵްνıҪǾӦ֣ȴѰס˽ɱ֣ɼеķŭѾȥһ£
ҶЦǱҶЦΨҶЦ֪飬ǰҶЦȴ򲻸֪ģ
ҶЦҶЦ𣿣
ѵȻ֪˭ҶЦҶЦ۾ضžӦ۾ЦҶЦ
ǺǡӦЦñ̹ǡ
·һ֮ǰӦҲ˵ţϾʫΨ˱˴˲֪·֤ȷɵ֤޿ɣ
ڵľӦȴˡ
ھǰǸðƻҶЦıƵ֮ǻЦЦò̸ֹΪ书ģµΩΩФԼΪϤҶЦˣϣôʲôıƣЩ˲òģ
ڣȻֳһ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˾Ȼ֪ҶЦдԼʫ䣬˵Լ˼ȣʱ˯˵λԵıڼȥˣ
Ҳпܷ飡
Ӧɻ󣬵һɱȴѾ۵ڡ
ɶƣ


397 ֤
ӦΪ뷨ʱռ˼άȫ棬ѸԲǰ֣һƭ֣һɱֵĶۣ
ȻıƵĻôǰҶЦҶ¹ѩĶӣҪҪðЦôҲֻ·һ
Ӧ飬뷨ΣԲϢӲ˿̣
ҶЦ״̾˿֪ţֵһꡭ̨֡ҶȥǾЦӦһ
Ӧ飬ܶ˶֪˵ȡң
Ȼ˴һܡҶЦһսʱ
ӦĶǰˣʼͣڽϣ뿪
ЦһЦ˻ģƶ˲ɽһЦϧܡ
ҶЦ˵
һԾӹһ㷢ҶЦ˵ӴˣʶоǣԼ֪ЦһʵȫԴλùȥһͷǶԷ顣
ԣ˫ȻֻǵһȴΪԼǷ˶Էһ顣ҶЦ˵ˣʱľıĹֻõԪƷΪ
Ӧ䵭Ŀţš
Ȼ˷ֿԶҶЦҲżֻǾ˵Ǵε̨֮ж˶Բûʲôջ񣬾ֻһսѣǡ˶֪֮£ΪһεĴս̫ĸı䡣
ҶЦʶ⣻ǡַͻ˶ǾĽߣһĶӣ֮֮£Ҫǿ
ʵΪɹۣʵȻʤκһȴ֣ҶЦʱ֣˱ڽ¡ʱϲ֣УȻȻǷʬ𼣣ʱգһɣ
ҶЦ˵Ӧڶݡ
飬ίʵǾܣ
ͬǳҶЦԼԼ޵֪Ϥ飡
ĶӿԼʦ·ҶЦ֣ԼһĻԷС
ҶЦǿƳһٻɱ֮˶֪һονǴȻưոݡ
µѷǱܣڻʬ֮󣬶¾ڲᣡ
޶֤
Ϊײ©ԷЯһЩмֵıܻ֮йܣҲش
Ϊ˽ʬ֮ܣûй¶ȻΧչʮֱ꣬һ㣬ȴʼһڲòֹͣ
˵ʫҶЦ֮Ҳпܱ֪Ļô£ȴǵĵȷȷ䣬ֻԼЦҶЦ֪
ҪôһôԼҶЦѾ
˵˭
ô֪£
ڵǿȷδػԼˣΪ͵ƾ֪ԼҶЦָɵӵѱͿԺԼء
ԣΪֹһѰ֪Ϥ֮Լ׷ɱпɱԼӵ֣ݡ
Ȼ˵Щδȡھʱȴ˵ġҶЦ˵
ӦԭҰֽϣȻһӺˡ
ΪǴˣҶЦΪԼˣҩһֱȵԼ˺ˣҶЦŸ뿪
ȴҲһεԵþӦҶЦ˸ĺøУ
ֻ˵˵һнǴʽʼģ
ʱȷʵ˵ġӦһشУʱݣҲ϶԰ֵ׷Ϯ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦȻôǵȻܴĴͷһƣҪѨһ룻ֱһԼڸЩˣһ㲻Сˣ˫ȴõġ
ӦʱĬȻһȴѾ
Լղڶ̸壬Ҫȷ϶Էݣǵʱߣθƶ˵ԼĴˣ˵һҲû
ѵѵǰˣȻҶЦ
ʱǴʬ֮ҵһȽεɽΪˣˣһɽڲֿһƬռ䣻ٴĿǰΪǳٿռֶδٴȴǿԵġ
ҶЦžӦЩ㶼ǰɣ
Ӧÿɷ񣬵Ҫ֤ЦֻƾЩ㵱Կٿռ䣬һ߿֣ٴʲôֻҪʦУеԪϵΪ˭᲼ã


398 
ҶЦΪЦЦǿٿռֶҵʦΪҪԪƷϲſʩչҼǵиἰⶼĩڣ˵ΪƾǾͲΪƾҼ˵
Ӧһ˵ȥϴ
ز֮ض˹ˣܵ˶ʲôشϾǵǵΪһСˣѲڻ£ûҰ֣ҲƳ̽תװˡ
ΨһȽѴ˻ȴҪѨλеһ룻һɵ΢ģֻҪγ룬ƹѪû£λΣһϰַԣ޷תָֻ޷ӴҶЦŮб𣬵գֲΪҽΡ
Ӧϸ죬һ
Ȼ״ǵûкתзĻˣŲϾȻǱ֮ճѾʼʴѨλ뾭ԭҪȥ֮ƵĴ㣬Ѿвͨ
һ㣬Ҿ㶼֪߲ʸӵеĶǱ߲
ԣκ֮£Ϊ롣
ҶЦŮǹ˼֣ڲʵεط
Ӧκ죬ҧ촽
Ϊ֮ʱⷢ֡ĺ֮µλãź룬֮УεΪۡҶЦžӦ
Ӧ糺죬ŭͽӣ޳֮ͽ˵˵ʲô
ҶЦԲȻ֤Լһ䣬֮˽˻䣬ô޳ˣ˵Ұ룬Ҳ׿ϵģǼֲϣҲҪǿˣ¼Ȩѵ濴㶾Ρ
˵ˣ˵±ߵģӦݺݵĶţֻǣȦȴѾˡ
˹̺ʱã붾գԣ̣ʮһʱ䣬ƾҶ˵ҩ֮ЧǶѹȥȻܾʹ˳ααѾж硣
Ӧһ
ҶЦֵദʮʱͻأһ仰ɻǵãʵʲô𣿡
Ӧ۶Щ޺޵ġ
ʱҡݺ꣬к֮ã
ʱ˵һƯɸд
ȻֵкΪգ񣿡
˵ҶЦɫתΪء
Ӧʱô˵ôȷ𣿡
ҶЦǣ㵱ʱô˵ģʱĶԴһҲ˵֮ҺܲݵĻشһһƮ㽭м֮кģЦҲ
Ӧҧ촽ٺЦһ
ڶգұ㲻ˡ֮󣬱˴δ
ҶЦȻ̾˿
ϻѰѪ˴֣ҹѲڣ᧿Σ֮ʣȻ֣մʤءҶЦȻʱʵ˼˼ǧմģӦҡ
ӦһһƬˮ漴ֱ䡣
˵ǰ;죬δ𡣡
һβ𡭡
˾ɢΣ˴վһıι֣Ӧв֪Ӧ˭һ֮ˣΪһţʱһƬ󻩡ҶЦ̾Ϣʱǰأ˵֪ϲλӦ㡣
ǴһΣ֡
֮꣬˷ֱַϺϣԵǳ࣬˴ʼղԽ׳һǧź£ֱδڡ
ҶЦ̾һֻеΣź
ӦĿҶЦȻ˵ЦҶЦֻһ䣻ȻΪЦʱ򣬲Ըңȴ׷Ϊ
ҶЦ֣صĵҴû˵Ը㣻Ҳ㣬ζ룡ȴܣΪпԣ
ӦҲ㣬ζ롯һ仰ϵı˪ƺڻһ֣ȴǲ˿ɫʵԣпˣѵ˵ĿѾûˣֻ˵Цп޷ңҶЦûͬĿԣ𣿣
ҶЦԵͷȷʵˣڿȷʵûˡ
ӦŭԣҲ˶Ϸ˵ҶЦЦЦտȴϣƾʲô˵Цìܣ֪ν
ҶЦһ㶣ǺЦ㲻֪ЦĿʲô
ӦһɭȻã˵Цʲôԣֺ˵ǸԲϣ
ҶЦһ㶣ڰΣһҧã˵ֻΪĹǡͯӹһʧȥԪ֮ΪϣȫϣΪˣдмңദ֮ʱֻ֤Ҫϸ룬֪Բ飡
Ϊԭǽ㣬Ǻһ



399 ˵ǰɣ
ӦҲ벻޷һصɾԭ򣬲ɵþһ
ԭ룬ҶЦȻòȻƵѧһҲѾ檳ȺԲŲϽԼ
Ϊ²⣬ӦѾҪΣ˵ֻҪ׷Ѱ࣬㣬಻ںֵĻ
ȴû뵽Ȼԭ
ͯӹ
˿һ֣ӦʱһתЦԷǵĸо
ôˣ
뵱ദʱ򣬱˴̽зʱĵεΣΪдмҵľӦȻʱ⣬ʵȴ˵ҶЦзȷʵߵô·ӣĴȷʵҪһֱ֮ͯһƽ䣬ˮˣȷʵѹҶЦ겻Լֻ߸޷Լ
ߣ˵Բ飬ı㲻ǴͯӹˣҶЦǸᵽʦһУ㲻ͯӹȴеǰΪӦ仰ʱѾʼˡ
Ӧûʶڵ˵ʵѾͬˣǰ˾ҶЦ
ѾһˣôǸֻҪˣ͵һ޲ĴͯӹҶЦæĵͷҴս߼ˣԱеУ𣬲ԪɢۣĪȥ˺½뵽Ҷӵĸոջ֮УһεĻᣬﻹǸͯӹȻǸĹ
Ӧ۾
ҶЦæҪףҪ֪ôȫΪ㣬ŲͯӹģҲдмңҶԣʲôܹͯӹøӼ졭
Ӧʱ
һ˲䣬ֱһһĪ嶯
ΪҡŲǲĴͯӹ˵⻰ʲô˼
ʵض˵ǻᣬӦѾȷǰˣľҶЦ
ҲЦ
Ϊôֻ˾飬ԥ˵
ǻһˣ֪£Բ˽˿š
ȷ˹ȷˣӦȴһ߷ĸо
ҶЦˣôԳΪ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ƫƫԩҾȻû
Ҫǣ˼ҶЦûнܹ۳ϡ
ԼͷβֻһԸ
ͱȽˡ
ӦйȻϲȴ
Լݣһ˵ͷȻΪǻ⣬ǣʼԲ˳ڵҪӶӣԭѾȷĵˣʵûԼҪˣʲôҲ˵°
һʱ䣬Ȼ֪Լ˵ʲôʲôźˣһŮҶеֽӿͷɲǼ顣
֪ΪûĪ֪Ҳţ֪е״ӦԽԽ䵭Լĸ֮󣬿Ӫ֮·
ǲԿƣ´˿̾Ҫ˳
״Ҳ֪ҶЦ૵Ҳ֪ʱұΧݾҲΪɱ뱻ܸĳ裬ԱԪĵһ·Ϊɣȴû뵽ٶʱȴѾһϡ
ĵ򣬸Ѿ֮µ¼λ溮½飬ҲǽͲͨղԪɢƣ಻Ʋ⣬ҵʱ˵Ԫɢص˵֪νԱԪ߼ˣȻԪĿܣҲͣʵǡ
Ӧаͷĵ⻰ҲңҲǽͲͨġ
ȴһЦ˵һңȹ磬ƫƫһ֮ͯľˣ˵ȥĪܣһεĻᡭһܹлطꡢۡһ
Ӧʱϼ޴룻ŴҪȴһմմϲ˵ϱһǹǰ˶ⶣˣĲҵҪҲߣȢ㣬ȢСţǾˡ
Ӧüͷʱͷߣ
ɶףСš
쵰˵ʲôأ
֪Լ˵ʲô
ڻûôأﶼû㶨أȻСŵĴ㶼ˡ
Ӧҧ촽ƺһ²ؼ߸߹̬ʵ֪ڴҪСأ
仰ʵȻ赭дƵ
ҶЦĺܿģλ鳡翴Ӧ˵ĵȻ̬ƽͣѾԼ֮£ĺ֪һø
ʫƣδҶ޲ɶԡ
οǶԾӦӶԼ˵ԼˣȻǿϲø̹Ц˵ʵɣֻһ㹹Σ㣬Ȼǽ뷨֪޲޲ҪֲǰʧǰɡӺɷ򡭡˵ǰɡ


400 顭
Ӧʱһɳ嶯һ
ҧ˵ȻӺɷƽ¶мˣ
ҶЦüЦѹضȥˣһ£˵㡭ҶԿ϶ǵһλ
˵λ鳡оʲôطòƲԣҪõĵڣȴľӦȤ˵ţǵһλǵڶأвٰɣϱǵùⱲȻҪ
ҶЦʹͷ˼
ˣ
ӦѪ˭
ҶЦ˼ʱǣϣڶҶЦĻԼ˵ҶЦԭĻԼ󣬾׶׵һڽңأάȻĿǰʦѧˣ֪ٻڣ϶һڵ
˵һδĵðһɼΣյΣУƺԼѾһֲ޶סһ㣬ëȻ
֣զ£ͣס˵Ҫϸһ롣
ûɶΣհΪʲôȸо
ɶףеڶһû˴ͯӹȻˣ
Ӧҧгݲѣиδޡ޿ɺǣôҶôߵۣѵҶ㲻أά𣿲֪ٻڣǶʱ̹һˣⶩ㸽֮ǰԵ֮ҷŹ˵ĵȴǺˣ
ƵᣬԹƺ⣬˵ô˵ˣ㻰˼Ӧûмɣ˵޲˵һ벻˵һ룬ɲЦĸ԰
һЦƺȫ޽⡣
ҶЦԲ˼ĵͷղҲ֪أͻȻйɺҵĻҸղ˵ˡˣԭиŮǿǸͦС֮ǰһֱ̺ң檣Ҳͦϲġ֮⡭
֮⣿ôӦоԼøۣҧάŵ˵мɣĵ塭ûе
ҶЦͷ̯̯˵ʲôĵòûˣֽ׶ξʵҲ࣬ǲǣ˵أ
ţ࣬ȷǲࡣӦҧصĵͷ
ȴŭͷ𣬶򵨱иѾɭȻ׹⣡
쵰ǰôԲңںòֲĻ᣻Ȼ˼ˣʲôֽ׶ξǲǻ½׶ǵĵ
ղźڰڿ˵ʲôҪҡ
ôľôֲң
ôֲ𣡣
Ȼ˵ΪǺƽ飻ǡôҲӦҵңȸ˵װɣ
Ȼ
߲Ÿովñط꣬ոձݣϲûе䣬ûüأСżƻҲôһѡ
ǲΪͷ㲻ˣ뿪ͻˣ
ȻѾϿҪң֮һҲ޲ɣһʱһʱ
ԭˣԭˡӦصͷɫȴԽԽ
ҶЦܵظоղԾЦ
סڣӦŭۿʲôʸΪ˭
ҶЦȻЦҶЦʵȻǰѵ㻹ϳҡ
ҶЦһʣʱ⣬Ӧע󣬾ٱֿڣһԳơǱζ˿̵ķŭֵޣ̬ע޷ˣ
ޣҪҳҶЦЦӦһ⣺ֻΨһһְ취
ҶЦȻһ𣺡ʲô취
һսӦĶҧԾδضȻΪ棻ȻһĹʽŸȴҲβ˵ģ
ɣӦ²ˣվΣҿǲͨЦĶžѧ
δ䣬һȻ
ҶЦ״ȻˣֻԪһƷˮ׼Ķְ
㾡ʩչӦԾǣһ飬϶ϲģӦҧгݣ³仰
ãҵЦɽӡҶЦȻһһšһȭ
һȭǵơƣƵĻžЦҲͲˣ

ۣ
ĳ˵СѾһţһ˵ɳȥȥ֮󣬲ԶԶһĲҽУ
Զ׼ҶЦЦɽӹȻ汸ûӦûٶȣھԵٶȳ֮£вǹ£
һвΪ֤Ӧϡ
Ц
ۣ

ҶЦһ㵸ķɳȥȴصһȭ
ҶЦСϮвȻ²óȻУȫչЦ˻ߣŻУȫǵЦɨ˻ĵÿһжմߣٲ˿Ӳ˿ţ
ǵԪƷ۷ЦȻЩɨ˻ϣڵҶЦֻеԪһƷΪͬԪƷ۷ľӦ˼һĳ˵м֪֪ףĪ˵ɨһᶼ⣡
ȻŶ˲һᡭ
顭
顭


401 Ҵˡ
ҶЦϽУСʱСǴͷ
㲻ҪҵзҶЦæ켱ʵôأô
Ҫô취֤˵˲㣻㾡ܳоǣӦһı䣬ԾɲϳС
ۡҶЦǴڲϵжȹģѾɴͷԴ֮⣬£ÿһλûбŹڱŹ״̬֮С
յ蹦򣬲˵𴦣ֻƨѾǧ˰ٽţ߸ߵ˺ü㡣
Ӧһߴһк
㴿ͯӹ
㲻ң
Բң
ȻСš
һڶСš
һСţ
Сţ
СССšӦкݺĬȭͬꡢй˿ûм佫ȥ
ҶЦ壬ۿɼٶ
һߴһ۽У㵽ȷûСˡۣ
Ҳ֪Խᣬֱӱˡ
ھȻǵ⡣
Էûȷϣʲôȭţֱֻ㶯˺òã
һͷಡһɳȥ
ǺεȵĸϽĿ
񲻱Ҫɵöࣿʡö࣡
㣬ʱȻ޵ö࣡
һٷŰǰһӡ
ҶЦԹ㣬ԼͷţعҲó˾ӦһεĴ
ҿӦÿһδûжԼչԼⶼǣѾ⽴ˡ
Ҫ˼ҾӦôǵԪƷ۷ǿأÿδƶƵþ׼Բ˵Բ˵Բ˵࡭
ͷÿһ⡢ÿһ缡ڱޱƤ֮࣡
ȫ£
Ȼɣûκǡûκΰ©֮ļƤ֮ࡣ
һ֮󡭡
飡
ӦһҶЦСϣҶЦ˺ƼһյɣͷԵķɳȥɾȻûء
ôƨͻĸƵɡ
ҶЦͻȻˣ
Ůν֤ҪŰԼ
Цʱдŭ
ҿȻôɣ
ʵͳԼ
ȫĽڣֻҪԼһ١˶ѣ
򣬾ǻ䷨ôҲˣ
ҶЦֵĴһ
ӦѾǰʲôҪô
ҶЦߵ˵㡭Ͳ֤ʵȷҵݣͳЦ𡭡ȴƫƫҪҡǹĴңǲǣ
Ӧһ

˺ڣƷʵɲǣҶЦ˲ʱסˡ
ԲۣǵķӦƵľ籾ȫһ
ȫºòá
ѵӦãһ¶ݣʹʧŸ˵ûﲻȻñطꡭͶҿĻˡ۰
Ӧ汾
ȷİ汾
ڡ
ôأ
ҶЦԼĸλٶȦġ׳˶ͺһȫġ᣺ô£
ΪʲôңҶЦĲ⡣
ҳΪʲôܴ㣿Ӧۿһ죬ĿסԼôԲҡΪʲôܴ㣿
㣬лڣεӰֻĺ˻ġ⻰˵İɣ
أ
ţ㲻ܼгŵҲø͸仰ɣôģȻԼһСţһһΪʲôܴ㣿ֻҴˣ
һֱ˵ԪˣҼ棻ԣԵʻᣬǰҪǵң֪Ҫȵ£Ͳ˵һ㣬ղʲô
طĵһ棬ȻһĸҴ̸̸ҪСšһֹһ
СţӦԽ˵ԽͻȻٶϣ֣Сš
ҶЦԴڵϣģҴˡġ
顭
ԽԽᡣ
֮󣬱ԴȫȻ֪ҶЦڸоûдԼϣ͵͵ؽÿб͵۾͵͵ȥ
ֻӦվԼԣ°΢΢ƺ˵ĽھҲһ㡭
ҶЦͻȻһʹ
֮һѹʣ޷ƵȻһ飬εҶЦͷϡ
ҶЦӦԵĲ㡭ûô
ҶЦһûҿ㡭ĺ˻ģ
ĺ˻ġӦĽԽԽǲҧ촽ƴҪֹסԼĿԼıˣԼļȴ˵ʲôҲƲס
ԪƷ۷Ϊľڴ˿̾ȻȫȻã


402 Υů
Ӧứ£֮󣬲һҶЦҺ㡭Һ㡭
͵һͻˤ޶
ҶЦɫ䣬һԾ𣬼æסȴӦ˫ĿգۣѾ˹ȥ
ôεҶЦ԰׵ϣȻ۽ǣڻ֮УҲڲϵӿ
һ使Сٻ
ҶЦŻеļˣһʱ侹Գˡ
ӵ״̬ľӦţ˼ɣǧذת
ΪʲôͻȻˣ
ҶЦһʹ
̫ˣ
ԼûʱһƬ㸶׷Ѱÿεõģʧģʧ䡣
µвϳԣΪԼԼഺƮԼľա
쳾㣬ǹޡһϾ쳾У㡣
ǾӦ˵Ļ
Ǻεȱ΢Ұο
ԭں쳾еΪ쳾еٶȺ쳾
ֻҪͬƬǿ£⴦쳾УҾˡ
ʱ˵仰ʱ򣬾ӦȻᡣ
գһ΢ԸҲһ飬Բڡ
ЦľϢĶʱ֪λǶô
꣬¹ڣǰһ粽롣
꣬е飬еİȫ˿ޣûлĶ
ѾˣΪ˳ѵܸ𣿣
̽ɽ
ʵ˵뷨Ǵģĺ쳾ĿģΪ˱
Ϊˡ
Ѿ޿
ûĺ쳾ﻹоɣ
Ȼ쳾ȻɣɶʣھӦȴѾû˰塣
ֻǣôҲҪͬĵ£һ绹
ֻҪͬһﲻҪߣص㣡
󣬻һ쳾磻µʱȻҡʼܺ㴦ͬһ硣
Ըʱĺ˻ģ
ӦȻΪտʵʵĵԪǿߣȴ᣻񽻴᣻ȻţȴѾһʬ⡣
ǻһ㣬ƶõĹ;֮·Ӳţֻ߾Ȫˣ
ǰΪ¹ѩѾһ֮¡
֮󣬾ǹ;ֻ븰Цڤ;㣡
ǾҡһľȪĵڣõҶЦŵϢ
Ц֮Ȼǰ
˾ϢھӦԣȻǾϲ⾪ϲʵ̫󣬴޷ܵĵز޷ɵĸ߶ȣͺϵڱǺ£һõˣȴͻڱѹˣѹˡ
Ȼꣻ֮꣬мÿһ̶ڲսԽԽƫƫʱ򣬾Ȼһȫˡ
ͺѾ˼ĵɣͻȻͷţ䲢κλأһ˲ĳͬСɡ
ɳܳıӦɳȴĵģ
һ̣ӴѹŨͻȻȫ£
ǽղˣǡһ̵ġա޷ܣ
иܵӦľҶЦ˼Ҳɵø˵̾˿
ǾӦŮ˶еԣ֧ŵڡ
ǻԼĻ
ҶЦûǿԼȥΪԼԼ߿Բİν˶ϣ𣬵Ҫ˵Ӧ㽫·У꣬ԼģĪ˵꣬Ҳ¶
ôӵžӦĽãնģȴʱʱųĹʡ
ǵģ׷䣬׷䵱Ӧһʱ򣬾ÿһ飬Լ֮ÿһζԻÿһ̵ĵεΡ
ÿһΣоԼĹΣ޲硣
ôţϣ֪ľ͹˿ɬԵЦݡ
һ˲ӵ֪˶ãҶЦ֪еľӦӲ֪֮ΨദķΧУ飬ͣ
ӦȻһʱ޷ɣľΪεտҽ֮ԴͷʼǾϲҶЦǱ߻ڹ׷֮УӦԻȴǼʱָָʱȸоǣԼһůĻС
ʡ
ݸо˵˵ĳԣԼһݸʴ
Ӧ۾ֻԼϷһſʵףԷƺûзԼѾת飬ǧ
ʱʱ߿Σϧ
ӦŶԷܹȫǰ˴˿ϵ仯ÿһα任ΪʲôԴʲô
ÿһα仯ʲô飬ʲôʣԲŻ¶ı飬
ҲֻоӦܹ˽⣬ÿһı仯ÿһɫı任


403 ⣿
ſţӦ
һǵ¡
ҲΨЩ£ȫĵؽ룻ΨȫȫȫȫĻ䣬ܹЩ顣
ţӦ̲ס䡣

ӦԼ
ˣһ㶼
෴˿̾Ӧޱϵĸм죡
ҶЦһٵҶЦٶһ꣬Լ
һ֮ǰЦЦעԼԵ޷ݣ
һε𣬾Ǵǲ
ô˵һΣȻǺ£
ٶھӦҶЦ˶ԣܹٳǺµĺ£
Ӧ۾ԾɺƱ۾һ㣬ҶЦԼѾشҶЦ
һԼİ΢о
һ̵ĸоǹҶЦϵĲ죬ΪӦֻҪҶЦ¶ǷУǷΣǷѪᣬݣӦȷϣҶЦЦҶЦ
Ͼα仯˫۾ǸȴƭˣƭԼġ
Ҳûбܹӵһ˫۾ˡ
˼ȴ¡
в࣬ȴǬ
Ĵ澴ηȴĿӣ
ʴȣȴɱϣ
ȴǱǰ˧ˡӦ͵͵ЦЦԼ˵š
˿ΪЩͣҶ¹ѩһ˧Ů򸾵ͬСɣΪǵĶӣǴ˧磬ЦȻҲԲףʩӦȴҲܸϣӷ棬ȫûпɱԣ
ȻˣӦܹ֮֮ĽЦƤңһԭ
ӦЦ˾࣬żȻۣһ߽ҲҪ任òģΪ˴һʱ򣬾ԾǴ˵дʣֻҪһʱ򣬼ÿ겻֮ͻ鷳Щ鷳ͷǷǳ˵õΣ鷳һǴģ׷ɱ
Ϊ˶׷ɱ任òȻѷš
ڸЦľӦ˵ʲôӣʲôӣʵνġ
ںģֻ˵ΨһںԷҶЦЦͺá
ֻҪҶЦҶЦʹҶЦˣˣֻ߲мˣ̱ˣѵԼͻ᲻ϲ˲ɣ
ǲܵģ
ڵԪǿ˵ıԼò˹ͿԵ飬ʵڲҪ̫ɡ
ǵõյķ֮ô
ҶЦڸıòʲô˵Ŀ˵ν죬˵ҶЦǴ˵Ĵмֹ߷ˣ
⣬ĲҪ
ھӦԣҪǣڣڱӵڻ
ңѾң
޻ٵ˵ˣң˴
ţӦһתʹĿ漴һ˿Ѫ˿֣۾۾ЩҶЦ
ҶЦ״һʵ㡭ˣ
ó״ԼղѾΪӦˣȻͻأʣȻ״ҲǺ룬Ѫ鸡򣬵ԾӦıΪۣ֢״С⣬㲻ϣֻһʱѪ߲ŵ״ֻ̬ҪľָƽͣúõĵһѸȬڡʲôô״һӶ˹ǵһ˿Ѫ˿֣Ǿ״ģѵԼղżĲϸ£©ĳЩؼ
Ӧ¶һ޼Цݣҡû¶
ֿ˼Ե˵ҶЦ𣿡
ǰҰҶЦͷҰ
Ӧٴ˼۾㡭ȿȡ
⵽զˡ
ҶЦԾӦ״ԽãȻҲԽӻңȻ֪ղŻԼɡôˣôͻȻ˿
æץסٶһ̽ʱȻ˹ֱӻɢ
Ϊ˼ӦĽǣӦڵȻһǰδеĻɢ״֮У޷ۡתγһֽɢ״̬
ң޷ص֡
⵽ʲô
ѵǸղŵƱ仯̫ͻأ̫ףһӳĵģľ֮࣬һĿʹ򣬴Ԫټ֮ǰ״ͺܲ룬Ѫ鸡㸺ؼһ𣬵Ԫ߲߽⣿
ͬΪдмҵҶЦѸٵóϽۣҲΨһϾӦǰ״Ľͣ
ҿģҲٺݵ㣿


404 Ӧֶ
ĺȻҶЦæץ񵤣߶ʮһӦš
ҶЦǰΪ̫֪֢ͣ״ڣ̫ܳСΨָ񵤵ҩЧ԰ӦסҪһҶЦѰԲߵʱ䣡
ǣԾӦΪһɢ֮࣬Ī˵ҶЦԪƷչƷ죬Ӧͬһ˪ãҲû㹻֮ǡߺͬʱڴˣпΣ֣
֪ҶЦϻ¶ϵİο֮࣬ƴһĽ񹦷룬Žһ񹦣
Ӧ¶һЦݣû¶û¡Լ״Լôֻǽһ㣬֪ô£е㲻ԾˣҲȻͺˡȿȡұ㣬Ϊ㱨𲻹ܳɲɣҲͽƤҽˡû뵽ȿȿȡ
ģӦһѻû˵лͷβûһǼ٣˵ĶУȴô˹ˣȻֻ˰οңҿģ
ҶЦæңΪȻֲûз˿ãԲˬ񹦣˼ʶӦԪЧҲ΢΢ȫá
ôģѾǺųصһ񹦣Žķô˹ؼʱûأ
ҷôѾզ˵ΪӺòãСǿĲԮ޸࣬Ů˹㣬Ҳ׷תƺòã
ȫȻЧҵҶЦ˼ʳ޲ߣ˷硣
˵һʱ߲ˣɶë㳢Ԫ壬һûµģҶЦͷ󺹣˲ҪһĳԪҪһ߸ӦӦ־
ǾӦ״̫ˣҶЦдҲˣһʱ䲻ͷĺòǡҲŸոҪ١ֱɣ
ֻǡ
û¶ôأҺõúܡӦЦţȻҶЦ˵ĺ˻ģҡǲҪȥǱߵˡ
ҶЦ׻ˣ״ε˵ʱ˵ҵҵѾ˲ôھҵѾ˰ޣֻ쳤ؾãĺ˻ʲô˵һû£һ£ǻҪһЯ֣ġʯá
ȿȡӦһǺȣ¶̺죬ƺѾȥعⷵյļһ㡣
ǡҲ֪˵ǲİӦ˿
϶ģҷģҶЦİο㲻Ҫ˵ˣ㡭ƽľϢеʱ䡭
¡תͷҪĺ˻ġӦᣬճյҶЦм仰Ҫ㡭
ʣҶЦۼӦԽãٶǿԴԴϵͽӦ塣
㡭ǰǡͯӹӦʵ
ǣȷǣҶ췢ģҪƭ㣬硢ޣʲô硭ҶЦ䷢ģֻǴ˼Ļ֮״Σ·ȫޡ
㡭ʱϲ𣿡ӦͻȻ
ϲҶЦصͷʱ򡭡ϲ㣬ϲҪ
ģ
ģ
ûƭң
ûƭ㣡
ôȿȿȡӦһ󣬲ʵǰûҪȢΪޣ
ģһ˲˲ĶҶЦ۾
⣬˰˰˼˰ȴʼûʳ
ʧ
¾
һˣʧ֮࣬˴Ļᶼûˣ
ҶЦҧҧʵֹʱΪҪˡҲȢ㣻Լַˡ
ΪʲôˣӦüͷ
޷ԼٳΪһͷβķҪǣϲǿߣΪϡȴһһҶЦȻ˵
ΪΣϲˣΪǣӦŭ㾹˿ң
һͻأŭαװȻ棬ʮ㣬ҰӦ˲ʱѾԣµøεѣ˿·ʱһغȿȿȡ㡭ȿȡˡ
ҴˣȫҴˡвҶЦһϵǸ⡣
ȿȡôֻˡҪôңӦ϶ʵ
ҪȢţҶΪһĿ꣬ҲǳΨһĿ꣡ҶЦն˵
ӦˢһӾͺˣȿȡҲšƭҡҪҿô
ûƭ㣬ûƭ㣬Ҫƭ㣡ҶЦ͡
϶ƭҡҿˡҡοҡҴź·Ӧʧǡ״˵ôŮᣬƯˡСˡ


405 ﷭
ûκܱƯˣҶЦĻ񣺡ȲҪ˵ϢϢдѵʱ乲ء
Ӧ˵һкܶ໰Ҫ㡭ǲô˿ˣҡȿȿȡȻҲĿ
ǡðɡҶЦͷ󺹣㾡ʣҪľͱˣȴ˻Ԫ
ġôÿӦ״òһ̱һ̸ˡ
ģ
㡭Ϊʲôϲң
ҡ㡭ҶЦſڽһᣬͰ͵⡭ϲҪΪʲô
㰮ңӦ͡
ҶЦо۶Լѣˡġòĵ˵ڡ
ǿˣͲҡӦԹ˵ֻͬҡȿȿȡȿȡһ˿Ŀԡ
Ұ㣡İ㣡ҶЦæȣĺðððð
㡭

Ӧ״̬ʼմĳֱٴΣ״̬ƺʱһغ죻һϢ˿ʻ״̬һʱ
һʱ棬ҶЦνǽ۵Ļ˵һ飡
ţòƲֹһ飿
ŵģ֮˳ŵ˵
ʷһ㣬뵱ȻġΪ˵ȨҲһ˿ĿУ𽥵ʧȥֱӾȫ
NĲƽԼʹγɡ
ʵһֱڵҡ˺þúþá̫̫ˡӦУᴹ飺һֱţ˵ϲң˵ң˵ҪȢҡ
һֱȵڡӦնĿգҶЦˣ
ҶЦһ
һʱʻģʽ
鳡ҶЦѾҪ
ڡ㵽װң㵽׶మң㾿ϲң㵽ס
⣬ֺֹһ飬ֱΡشΡ
󡭡
žӦƺʹȥŸһ䡣
ҶЦ߲Ÿ˿ټһ¾Ӧ壬ȷǷתȴ͵ǰһڣʹεڵء
ҶЦҲˣһֻһողԪһƷСɫʱһֱȫ񹦣ĳʱ֮󣬿֪֮ǰ֧֣Ψ־Ӧ棬ڼ䣬ֽʾ֭ĻشӦԲаʵǺľŬ֮ȫȫģһ֮ʣβΣûͺܺˣ
ҶЦһΣֵӦʧɫˣϽסҶЦ壬С̽һϸ֮࣬Լ̫ˣҶЦɲЦˣΪԪһƷ˳ʱΪԼų֣һǿţΪ̣˼֮£Żѣ״ҶЦǶֻۣһʱ̵ɻָʲôش
ȷҶЦǰ״ľӦ˼תһʱȴֲ֪Լ¸Դˡ
ԼΪйп˵˹زҿҶЦû£ҪиôԼ޶ûطȥǴ𣬾Բ֮ء
ϽΪҶЦơ

Ҳ֪˶ãҶЦӻ֮ת
֮࣬ȴǺȻ֣ԼоǿտҲ
һǷͬСɣʱһԾ

ҶЦ
ΧžӦѾڤڤӰ
ȥˣ
һӦԭɢ״֮УҶЦʱһģԼղôû֧ŵסأôιȥأôûúأַ֮ʲô£Σհɡ
һԾң
󣬻ȴǷ죬˿ټ
ҶЦ顣
о飬ƺʲôطԾﲻȴһʱ˵ʧǵص¡
ҶЦĵʼղ٣Ԫ۷Σ״˿ãȻ޴޼£޲ǿ˼
ҶЦΪֹõԪһƷʵȴʵʵĵԪ۷壬˼˼֮ǰĵεΣƬ̹⾰뵽಻Ծĵط
ԾӦʱ״ǵ湦ɢ޷Źһʱ̣ǾӦǰǰٴڡΣ״֮гʱһһ֮䣬Ȼ˿ȴҲһϵƳɢ֮ˣˡ
оǣǵ񵤻񹦣ɢ֮ˣ˫֮࣬޷תΣΪҲȫȻЧص˾ӦߣһЧûأ
ۺ֣Ψһ;ǣ״󣬾ĳ˿ӪġΣΧתͷ룬ӦдмңʵǸˣȴҲӪ첻ΩΩФͬΪмҵҶЦҲˣȻвҶЦҵأӦġαװߡֵλΣ
ҶЦȻѾͨǰ̣ȻٲݾӦİΣȴԹȥĿĹ֮£зԭԼžӦĵطڵϣƺһƬּ
ҶЦһæ˹ȥϸۿſţЦ̾˿Ů˰Ůˣ
ҡͷһꡣЩ;˳ӡ
﷭˴󷫴
ҶЦΨһ뷨


406 ǧҪŮˣ
ƬּȻǾӦµġ
ȫȻ⻹Ѿˣߣҿô꣬Ҳ˵ôꡭֻǶСʹ룬ˣԽⱾǻԹ
ֻһ䣬ҶЦǿЦ
ΪＸˣԺ󣬺ߡ
ŵһֻߺߡ
ȻһƬּƺй޸ĵģԭѾдˣȴֱͿȥд
ٽּʽࡣ
޻ϲоع飬黳вʤ֮ϲȢ֮Լͷ֮ˣ֮˼յýһʱаδԣ룬
Ҷң֮£檲У࣬շ
ǾӦȥҪԭ
ƣӾ𣻽չȥȾӽڣ檱ȻѪࡣ⣬롣
ƸЦ嫺ľӦ¶ԼӴ˺쳾Ī


ڽȾЦ
ڿꡣ
ҶЦи԰ӳ¡
벻
̲סһͬʱȴ̾һ
ӦԼڵݣȻһЩ뷨ģԴ˵ĵĳȻξңǷ
״Ҳû뷨ǲˡ
ҶĶӣδ̥ʱܵľӦգ޾Ӧıӻܲܳɡ񣬾޸Сһ
⡭ô˵ǻĵϵ顣
Ҫ˵ӦܲˣҶЦˣϸ룬ҲЩԽܡ
ô˵ûطڷˣ
ԡ˾ֽ׶ζԣͣԵ޷ݵĽ׶Σ
뵫ͻ˵򷶳ǲɵģ
һҲҪ͵͵Ρ
˿ˣԵţ
ֻҪһ뵽һ㣬ҶЦЩץ
ǰһƽ˾ûԺˣˣôĻоûʹôүҲҲҪôˣ
ǻиεġŮ˰Ůˣ
ҶЦһ·ߵĹѲ֪̾Ϣ˼Ρ
ҶЦڳϣǰԼȻû˽Ӧ
Ӵû˽Ůˡ
û뵽֮ǰԼһĻȻǼٵģ
ֻǾӦݵһϷ
Լдмң˴Ҳè룬ϼСȸŪˣ
˼ƭԼӦɲƽԼ֮󣬾ôһ֮ӻ֣һƬƲʡ
ҶЦоӦ󼸺˲͵߸ˣûױõˡ
ӦҶЦӡУƺһֱǡƣ磬ƸУˡ
ôᡭôܸôһأ
һ뵽ӦװŲԼݣԼһٱ򡭡
ҶЦ̲ס˸
椡ǿǰҲ鰡
ʵ̫ˡ
еˣȻõģ绪ơǡױ
ǣֻҪһ뵽Ժ󡭡˶ڴ˯Լ˯ʱ򡪡ͻȻһٱ
ŶҵġҶЦʶһ飬ԴзĿܰпܣע
ҶЦ԰һСţ˼·ǧٹ֣۲ӡŰ뵽ˡǱԼСһȦһȦ˦ľ桭
̫ˣҶЦҡҡͷһ亹ֲ̫ˡ̫
þӦ֪һЩ飬¾Ӧʱŭעⲻ˵ΣٺߣҲʵ
룡
棡
Ӧ֣Ȼͷβûᵽ确СšС檡ۣҶЦиӲˡ
Ů˰ŮˡҶЦҡͷԣһ꣺ӥ֪ô£Σյʲô
ڿеĽӥ
ŮˣҶЦ֣ص˵ǧסԺʲôûϵǣǧǧ򡭡ҪŮ˰մҪմҪĵ̫£̫˰
ӥŲӣЩ֡
ŮˣҲ°µľҲĸӥ
˵Ժʲôûϵ
ǸϢҼסˣôǵΣ
ӥţϢ׼סĥ
һ·۶ȥ
ҶЦԲ֪Լյ²ۣڽӥһʲôķȴ˺쳾֮󡭡
ҶЦΪ˽⼸֮Ĳشۣӥƨɡ
˵ҶЦӾӦǴ˵еǻôӥһеǻ
ΪǵĻĶǡ
ν족ǿţʵ
䡭иǻڣ
֮һߣ
ڵҡѩҲڵңҶЦţʲô취ԿٵΪأ
飬Ҳϲ˰
ҶЦڤ˼룬ȴְٰ޼ơ


407 Ϊ
ҶЦβ֪ԼǰнѾòˣݹʷ˵ǿǰҲǰӵʮ϶û˵нܱԼ죬һ˲ʱ䣬Ԫףʲôı̬ٶȣֱ죡
ǾٶȣȻǲ죡
ҶЦǰ뷨ĵĺǷᣬǳǷ飡
ӥһ·ɣܶʱͷɻҶҼ
ڴſѾȴʱ˪ºæӭӥ壬ҶЦҶǰҶ컹δüʻʱ˹ȥ
СԺͷ
Ůһ˷ܰԣ˵Ӧˣ
ӦǵĴɩ

ӦƯɣ
϶ƯҪǲƯҲ䲻۸磡
ˣ
ô£
ξñط꣬ô˵ģ
ûϲ飬ͷʹޣԳһ飿
죬˵˵˵˵˵˵¡
ҶЦһᣬֹ
ˣŮŷ֮
磬ôӣ˭㣿
ǣҲ̫ˡˡ۾ҲˣۿҲˣҲˣ䶼ˡ
أͶˣҲˡۣƨ׵ĸ
˭ôģ
ȥ
漴ŮһĬ
ȻɵĿҶЦ̽˵ǡӦǴɩɣ˪
㡭磬ǲǶԴɩˣåֶˡº
ԣôˣå˵ԴɩֶţҲˣå˪졣
ôͲ㣬ӣֶŻˣåºЩ׼ɵ˵
˵˴ɩֶŲˣå˪۾
˵ʲôº档
ǽСѽСѾͷƨһߣ˪
ҲҪ֪ôˣåôº죬һã˭󣬻һأ˭СѾͷ
ͽ㣡СС˪˺ߣ漴һ˼ʵҲ֪ôˣåűɽϡ
֡
Ǻúһ롭
԰¶
СѾͷ۾죬ڤ˼룬Ȼ֪˿̵ĻոҪʵ飬Ѿ¥ˣҽԯˡ
ֱѾʮǧ
ҶЦһߣбĿɿڴƿԣþò
һŮ˸ӿµ顭ҶЦĬĬţǾǡŮˡ
ţ᣺ܲˡһԹŮľӦ˲ɽϡҡҡ
ҶЦĪоԼЩ׵ǰ;ˡ
˼һͷĸϻѾƣӦԣҼҡѾԤˡͷ
ҵģ
ӻз
һֱ֮
˲ſʼҶЦ⡣
ҪôܿΪҶЦ֮˶ʱһ˳Ĭ
˶۷
ʵ˵ʱ򣬵һʱ뵽һط
ͬһط
˶ڳţ뵱˵
̨
ͨΣգصǣ
ҶЦнȹȻѾ̬ĳ̶ȣҪ򶥼ǿ߲Ϊг̶ȸڼ˵زΪ˵ԽԽ࣬ⶨĸƻҪȵĵ
ں½ʱҶЦ󳬼ŵıжƹ൱ӴܵĲƣ
ΪʲôԸδؾһȫҪԼսǣֻҪкʵʱСĵӦ赶ɱˡǡۻȵȹıԿ˳ˮۣ˳ƶΪʵںʱҶЦйǳʵ֮ڶ֮ױ滯ô˭ʤ˭ٵһʹ
ȻϽļƻԣԾԸϱ仯ÿ죡
¶ԴҶЦΣ
˵ˣ˵ҶЦҲǾ˵ֵģҶЦĶۣȻҲ;ԲʱŵΪţΨһ֣Ǻʹ˸ҶЦԣͬ޷ܵģ
󣬱Ҷһ㣬ͬΪҶЦһɲ֣ʦڣ
ԼʦŰΣΪ룬ȥǿҵжҶЦּ
ǰ̬ƣȴྶͥԼߵʵȻ㣬ߵۺսȴǷͬСɣЩˣǸԷɢҲˣлһţûл͵Ⱥʻ᣻ǣЩսȫһ𣬵ۼ߶սžӲŵκһɣȡ൱ս£ҹҹģֻһˡ
ǣ֪Լû֮
ֻЦ棬Ǹһŷ֣
ȻȺӦ˲ƣ


408 ̨֪
ǵǰһԼΪʵ̫ˣ͵ֻϴҺȣȫ޻õĵزΪԼΪ̫ͣԭѾʵҪٷֳһԼɸӲĺŻԶ
һҪĹؼǷ˪ҲãҶЦһֵǵۺԾɲŵĶ֡
ʼ괫У֮еĸֿνضֻǵԪƷϵĸ֣ÿ֮Умʮˡ
⻹ھ˺쵶Цƽ٣࣬Ԫ֮óݡ
ԪһƷĸ֣ÿ֮Уǧˣ괫е̣ԲҶЦɢ޵ĸȵġ
ȡ͵͵͵ϮƣҶЦȻʧһս·ŵ̨ϣҶЦһȴȻھ·״
ԷֻҪŶ˺սͿǡ
ǧҪսʵԣΧЦͺ쵶ˣڶ࣬ĸʵ򲢲Ǻܶ࣬ԵԪƷнࡣ
ɶǣǣ֮࣬Χ˵˺սȴһԶЦ쵶ȳ֡
Ͼ̣
һž޵ĳ׿ǿ߾ͿĨɱĲ࣡
Ȼڶ˪ǿкܴȡ󻯵ΪѣתΪսսֹ࣬ȻжҼʼĴ˿̣ҶЦǰܹģȴҪȰԼΪΨˣ޶ȵ߼ʤ㡣
٣ԼΪ׹ơΪԷɹõһ
ڣΨһܹĵطֻôһѣ
֮⣬ӵΪҲû̫ô
ʹõΪЧʾ͵ǰԣ̫Ч̫ͣ
Ǹص㡪̨
Ȼ˴뵽ˣȴ˵
Ҳ뵽뵽Ǹط̨ҶЦ˵
УôҲȥ˪ºӦңҡͷԣʵ̫Σˣ
̨ʲôİ취Դҵ뷨ҶЦ侲˵ôȥһġ̬ķչž¶ʱΪʱԶˡ
˪ºüͷһҡͷǲУ汩¶Ҳ֪ջҪյأ汩¶Σ
ֹȻƥ֮ˣֻҪֿƣδضѡҶЦ
ҲУǰ״䲻ֹۣʤ㣬̨ʲôطǾѵһľأ˪ҡͷ˹ģһͷ˿ҡ˲ˣǰ̫̫ܹɹն֮أ
ǳ򣬱Ҳûκڣ̵ܹʱڣʵػ۷ʱڣ
ҶЦ˵ѵܹҼʵָȥ𣿡
ꣿ
˪ºԵʱСԴСľᡣ
ҶЦڵʵʱ˵ԪһƷٶȺܿˣÿ˵ˣˣҪϵԪƷ۷壬ֹ۵ĹƻҪʱ䣡
ʱ䣬òʵ̫ˡ
һ˿Ե̫ĵز
ԴˣŮȻҲľġ
̨ȴʵ̫Σˡ
֮Լǰ̨һԻԵȷǰ̨ȻòԵҲɺΣաҶЦ
ʲô˪ºȻͬʱ̧ͷ
ӥֻèҶЦƽ˵
ŮԣԭȻתΪƿԡ
ӥʵΣŮֵһŵֻСèƶٶȾ֮⣬֪֮ȻСèӥᲢۣȻ֮ȷʵ࣬
⵹Ҳǡ
ֻǣǳΣհ
֮У̨ǿ߲֪һȫ׼ʮĲǰһԻԵģ
ھ֮󣬲֪³̶ȣκ׼һʧ
ֻҪһʧǻȪһȥѷ
Ůͬʱ̾Ϣ
һ̣޵ԹԼʵΪʲôܸǿԼ˵ʵܹﵽ䷨ĸ߶ȣܹĺɨ£ֺȥ̨ðգ
˪˺þã˵Ȼ̨֪գȴҪһԻԵҲ㣬Ҿʣ̨֪٣
ҶЦЦһ°ͣѾһʣʵˣҲֻ̨֪֮󣬿һֻҪǽ˵Ԫεһ˲ԪƷ۷ΣһȫûиáȫӰδ;ı׶ˡģ֪һ㽭һࡣ
Ůͬʱһַ
ݱż¼أֵ̨ʱһ֮ǰʱΪ̨Եȥʵ̫̫ˣൽơ


409 ʥ
˪Ƶʱ½ϵһ߷壬ҲǽͻȻбϣͻı캳أԶܵȻ𶯣Ȼ𺳴һ̲ʽʼıӶ۵Ľλӳҫ򡣡
£˹澰߾Ϊ֮˶֮²⣬ﶨȻ䣬ͬģͬ˷ӵ
ֻ·ϣ˴˼ΪһֶչɱΪ˶ֻ֣Ϊһ룬˶ѡ
Ѫɱ¾һֱһ֮󣬽ֹЪΪϷǱڴϢȷ˱ⱦʥ
ʥԢָ֣һһһڣһһԶǸʥ֣ȴָһȥӣ߾޵У
һ̣˪ص˵
ܵʥǴ֣֮һɫĹߣöʵ֮һ𣻼Ӵʥ֮󣬲ˣöʵʵöڽϵϵĺɫ棬㹳
д˲۳һĺ壬ǰʲô߼λ棬һЩżȻӪ֮أЩΪԵʻ֮±ЩĺѡĿꣻ˼ҵ˿ԵԵ㣡
һϹǾȫһ˲䱻㹳ˣͬһ˲仯£飻ͬľϤһöɫԲ򣬱˶֮ȥȫȻ֪ȥ˺ηһٲ֣
˵Ī
ֹĵɱ֮£˶֮⣻Ϊʱ򲢲ףöʵĹЧôΪôö֪ЧʵðҪķգʱʥڤȡ֮ڤ˼
Ȼʮһα֮ʥٶȽ˵У
ʱ򣬵֮еĶ˫ֻһеšǸ֮еĵһ֣ҲŲԪƷΡԪ
꣬Ԫ׷ɱãȻӴܣҲ·ر̨ڵĶ֮£ͷǽ׷ţΧۿžҪΧ
һգĿ֮£ԪĵԪƷסһҪҲƵķϣȥժȡǴд֮ڤɱٶһԵ֮ɹڤժ
ʵ䵽ֵһ˲䣬սδֹϢһȸǱѪע˾ڿ֮ʣöʥһȥȻ漣ôˣ
ڶԷƵĸע֮£Ԫ˺۵漣һȫԭոձնȣȻڵѪĶ֮ˢһӣֳһȡ
һ̣շӿϷؽȫԪϼУǰֻһ˲䣬۵ӴԳűκһλ۷ߣΪ˵ԪȻȫû£ܵȫϳ
ӿڵϵʱһͻȻͷð˾Ŷ仨˾Ȼ˴˵еĵԪƷ۷ġͷϾŶƶ˻¶޵СĳΣ
Ԫ˿ѾӵеԪƷ۷ʵȻľһʱȫϣԪȴǰûл٣׾ͽ׷ɱһ˵ϤɱȻſе㹳˰˰ݣȶȥ
ôһ·ȥһ·ɱ¾жԵȫ𣬽Լʵһ죬ԭѾһһ죬سɷ𣬻Ե֣ɣԪǿǸɲǧ£ͳһ󳬼ţ֮һ·սȥһֱ򵽶ǰԪսܡ
֮һʽΪ
λãڶ֮ϣ
Ϊ˵ʱĵһţ
֮£Ⱥ۸ף޵У
˵д֮ڤȻҲͱˣʥʥ
⣬öʥ漣
˵˵һƪ֮˪ҲЩڸץ豭ཹཱུĺֱһˮȵøɸɾ˿ľѩ׵ͣųһ
һ統꣬ڸǰˮô˳ľôܴá
Žʹ죬
ҶЦһؿ˵ЩΪϴ˵ҲţȻ˵ôϸˡ
˪ʷʤдģзݲ֮ȴǸзȨѾ¹ǲŵ¹ȥģ¹ƹȻиϸļء
ҶЦͷԭˡ


410 ֮޵
˵꣬Ԫڵõʥ֮һΪ޵еĳǿߣһΪ˵ԪƷ۷۷Σʵȴǧۼ֤ʵ
ǧλ߽ΪĿ֤ˣ߿˵飬֪ˣ
һʱ䣬ǰδе̬Ʒ
꣬ڵģ£һʥֻҪȥӵ޵еǿʵΣԪЯһǿʵһ·һ·𣬲ʲôˣǴݿ࣬޵֣
ԪһǿʥȻҲԽֿȣ˼
뿴ֻöӣԵʻ³ɾ˵ʱµһţǶջұߣ˭Կܵˣ˪Щ̾˿
ҶЦɫأͷ
ԣߣˡ
˪˿죻Ŀ⿴º
˼ԣ˵
ºҲصش˼Żڵ֮ʥһӳŵ£û֮һ
̫̫ߣǰ̵ȥժȡһһĶ㹳ϣǻĳһֲ֪Ķ˶˵ĵߵȥ
ÿһ죬вߣȥʧȥ
иĺߣǺ޷ˡ
֪ȥժȡɣԾд˺۾ȥһ̨֮꣬µĵԪ֣ߴ֮ڣ
Ȼ˾ˣԾɷʣ
ɾ;޵Сλջм˿Կ
º˵꣬̾˿
ҶЦһЦڶѾȥһˣһЩƹʣԼԾɸоҡɴ˾Ϳ֪һߵķ̶ȡ
ܹһ˭޶ԣ
ȻյĻԶԶڻԵԾԣÿ˶Լһ˶ڶԪ޵У
λ˴֮һţۺʵҪԪ򳬼֮УһָһͻȻǿƳռ̨κ˽룬ŵʵίʵ̫ǿĪ˵Ǹɢޣߴ󳬼ҲԸ֮жԣһʱγˣŶ̨ʵ״ֻάһµʱѣʱų෽ʽ˲٣ȴһöʥҲûеõ
ʱ򣬱˶˸߼λĵߴǲʲôһγֵʥȻɢһǰδǿҶɽȣŽפڴ˵øɸɾԪƷĳ־⣡
ŵǹζˣһȫ⣡
õģжʼͿʼƴӴܣӻŸݵصʱϢ٣µʼĩ㼴ŷ滹ûüӦ䣬ȴȻȻȥıŵŻѸѸɽ̶һҹ֮䣬Բǧɽøɸɾŵ˵ʮ򣬾ʹһʣƬɽֻҲ
ºҶЦһֵŴҲ֪ɫġ򡯰ɣ֪ʵԭŵĻأ˴󳬼ţҲ˶ߴţ
ǧֹĶ򣬾ôģҶЦԲһ
ʲôȻԵ˹ԵµĻ䶾Եԣٲֹ޾˹춾޷Ʋ⡢
Լں½Ūľڴ˵춾֮ǰȴС׼׶㲻ϣֵһᣡ
ֹڴˣһ֮ľضôǶԴͷҲ̨еĶǸӿֲԭѾ˶ʥ׷𣬿Ƕ̶֮䣬㾡ɹۣް㶾ټһЩĵɢ޼״ϲ̽飬ȷе޿ֲ
֮ɢޣ̨Ľڣֻ˵̨˶˵ߵĽɹ򣬴˺Ҳûκˣκɣȥռ˵أ˵ҲͳΪࣻͬʱҲڡ
ºҶЦ˵š
ҶЦ̾˿
ôȥһǧ꣬ȴʼûһɹȡʥ˶ڶģΪԪƹֻˣ޿ܸǫ̛ѰٻԵҲ𽥼٣Ȼһʱ˺նزժʥ
Է˭ҶЦϢɵóһ


411 ȥ
Ҳֻ֪ôһ˶ѣûܹ֡ΪҲڳɹץʥǸ˲䣬ȫľˣҲ֪ʱǾϲȣǲţ֮ǳһ˲ĻͣգֻüԼһöѡ
һöȴΪһ˲ĳɱɣھһҵĽ֮󣬱һ˳ȥȻöȴûзӳκã˺ܿͱΧŹ
Ҳ͸ףʥöһԣ˳ӹЧ
Ҳν޵ʵ
Ȼһ漣û֣Ȼʥܹһα˳ɹժȡɾһεļ裬˵˼ҲٶȻԾ
֮ģ̨һλԻֻ꣬˵Ϊһ죬һˣ
ֱǧһȳֽȥ֮ʣͻȻһγɹժȡʥֻһȡʥһˡû֪ݣժʥ֮󣬾ȥǽֹڴˣǲΪ棬Ϊкܶ˶ݣ֮Ҳᱩ¶Լݱ𺧵ȴǣڳ֮ʵ֮ˣȻûκܹ׷˶Ҫ֪Ȼ֣ȴûڵһʱöʥ
һεȳ̼֮£ٶ״ֿ̬ʼ˽ϵĳԣȻֻڼˣԾҲܳɹƵĵԪߣô׵̨£Ȼ˶û뵽ǣһ˶Ȼڲ֮ٳˡһ֮һ˵ˣ
һ˵һһ㣬ԣժȡʥֻбĽ֣׵ժȡöʥҵ£ǹѾµ澰һγ򣬶ˣҲһ紫˵һ㣬Ϊһ޵еľǿߣ
йԲ澰֮ʱ˹ЦȫȻ˵ȣﳤȥ
磬Ӧòµ˭ɡºҶЦ
ҶЦ˼ȴĶҡʶʵ˭
Ÿոʳ֣ҶЦԼԼһ⡣
Ϊ£ȴ֪ġ
ǣ䷨ºЦЦһֱڣԾɾһǸˣ䷨
˵֣һĬ
䷨ʵʵȻǿмѭҪ˵ܣȴҪ㵽䷨ʥǸˣκκ֪һУӲ֪ûժʥΪƺҲûֹ֮ǰһϢ
һǰһ󣬶Ϊʥ޵¡޵ĳǿߣ򳹵׷ڣ
ҲǴǸʱʼǧԽȻҲûܹɹժȡʥ̨ȴǴȱٳߡ
̨ҶЦƵ̾Ϣһһ˲֮޵Уɾ㴫˵˭ܹĶ
ǵģԣٷ߶Դ˶ԡ̨ƣΪԪ߸ܿĻÿһ̨ᱬ
˪̾˿
䷨֮ǧ֮УŶÿһλΪԪ˵ӶҪȥ̨ͼһ죡ΨԼ̿Уͨ޵еΨһ;
ϧֳûжЧÿһ꣬ÿһ죬вٸŷѾѪŸ֣ͻƵԪһƷ֮ǰ̨̫ˣɴ̨ԱһסǼʮ꣬ꡣ
̨̨Ҫ޵̨¹ǳɽѪɺԿ𴵿ݹǣ˭˲Ƕţ
ºһ˳һε
ҶЦ̾˿૵Կ𴵿ݹǣ˭˲Ƕţ
˪ȴ˵㲻᲻֪ĿֲҪȻֻ㵱Ҳȥ̨ǧ˵ûȥժȡʥҿܹصģ˵ûжĲţ
ǽĻȻ̸ֻǡĵ׵ǲϣȥģº˵Ŀ⾼עҶЦλС𾴵˹Ĵǰеسһӡ
ֹ̨ʵϣҸȥģҶЦһֻʱ߸ˣΪڵҵߣر棬˲䡭һһʱȻһ˲֮Ǿʹ˳Դ֮ǱУٲκ̨һУ
˪ºͬʱ̧ͷ˫ˮһ۾Щ𾪵Ŀ
ȥңסջ󣿣


412 ħ
ϧԴ֮ʼܹоҵĵģ⡣ҶЦЦһΪȻڳͻͽÿһͻƵĵ£ȴһ˿ϰĸоڵĺ֮У޾
ÿÿӦһ˿ϰĸоˣյһ˲ǺȻ򡭡
һݿ־塣
ʱ̨£ֻǵĺ£
ԴڴˣȻΪԪƷ۷壬˺ֹڴˣ޽ͣͲǰԵһν΢֮
ҶЦһôͷһ˿⣬Ծɴڣ
Ϊһ˲ȻϣܱһߵĸԶĵ׳˿⣬ʼաҴȱݣ
ҶЦȻЦΨüһɵĿɬ
˪ºһۣͬʱЩ
ҶдмңͬǸ磬ҶЦ˵ǸоȻ֪
־£Ϊɬǡħ
ħһˣǾԶڣ
벻ͻħħҶЦһ㣬ֹǰɸɵģֹֹǰΪȵˣΣ
ͻħΨһţǻħ
ȻҶЦħȴ̨
أأ
ҶЦǵȻԵˣǷ𣿣
ʵҵ״̨ĴڣȻǸÿһΣȻһȴ޿ɷϡҶЦص˵Ǿǡȥ̨ˣ˻ǻţֻҪûеõʥôҲûκϣ۷֮
ΪҶͬħ
ңҲһΪҺͬӵоƷ۷Ϊȴʼղ䷨Щ˵Ķ֣
ʦɢޣûдһϵͳУν΢ϵľ磬֪޼
ҶЦɫΪؼԭǡȥ̨
䷨ȥ̨ԵɺϵĳɹˣΪֹδ̨̤רǱƮƹ񹦣ʼռţԼߵԪ۷壻Ҫ̨
ҿʱգǿߣ
䷨Ȼʥ֮оۣʼΪңݽңҲħ
ҶЦһ˵ңѩӦȥ̨
սʤħͻħôȻոɹܹųɱȴҲʼձ䷨Щѹţ
Զûĳͷ֮գ
ԼǣѩҲʼջᱻѹơ
һУѾǴ˵ǿߣԼȴ֪Ȼų䷨ͬһߣ˴֮ʵ࣬ȴϵ£
֣Ҳδǵĵ֣
ҶЦԭǵȻ״γ˼ҧӣȥģ
ҶЦȻϣһҪЦӢۣЦأǲҶЦ˵ȻָȫΪʲô˼
ѹţԶĿ⽭
ҶЦ쳣ȵ⣬һ̣ͬȼһ㡣

նƲһǿصһ
ǡޱ޼ʵĻ
ǲҪߵǰ·ҶЦжԼ˵
˪ºĬȻöϵǿߣܲҶЦ飿
Ǹ֪˿̵ҶЦûаٻ
ÿһ仰ǷԷθ
ºСһ£˵ֻҪһֱһ𡭡Ƕúõġǲ޵СҲ㡭
˪ͷǾǣ磬˵أҳأδزһԲ
ҶЦŮ磬̾ϢǲͬģѾ
ŮͬʱȻͷȴָ߸ߵľ졣
¾ôˡҶЦɷ˵ֱۣһ磬͸ͬҵһ·ȥ¹ӭĸס
۾Ůһ㣬ɣ
˪ºҧ촽ڽӻ
ֻǲĻҲͲ鷳λ¹ĳϣԼȥҶЦһ׶Ȳ顣
Ů֮¶ʱˣ磬ô˵һ
Ůжʱ᣺Ҫһȥ̨ȥա
ҶЦ˫һɣȥʲôȥǴûȥ̨ʲôûжҪȥͷɣǵǰ·ҵãδ䷨ǿߣսʥǰ̨ĳʲôûҪ̫ۣҶΪˣеᵽã򲻻ȥġ
ĿԶģûȫİգôħڡҲۡ
˻棿˪º۾ͬʱһ
ȻҶЦȻЦţԼǰԾ˺ƭСѾͷ


413 
֪ǲ˴ŵӲصԣŮͬʱһŮСָͷ
СָͷͬʱҶЦǰ档
ţҶЦҲСָͷ
ĸָͷ˴˹һ
֮˪ɬ硭ҪˡɵһɱţսͬͬͬպһͬͬͬǿԵģȻүҲ˴ʧָ˴һλᣬһʧˣ𣿡
ҶЦʶزһ¡
һ̣һˣ˪˺Լıֻ֤ΪԼİȻ˿̣ȴֶһŵ棬ڤѸ
˪ֻعɵЦģ˱㻤Ͳǰ¹ӭزĸһ鶼Ļ¹ҲͰ״ôꡣ
ºĨĨ۾ҲһɵЦ¶˵ֻСһ׮ǧģؼ֮գһž֮ʱ
ҶЦůЦһģҺа㵣ģð£ĵúܡ
˪ºʱۿһ죬˪૵˵硭ǴСһֱܹΪ¡£Ϊģһ¡
ҶЦͷȻһһʱ
º΢ЦôˡǣΪ¡ȴϣһ£Ҳһ£ϣ԰飬һǧһ
˵˵ţͻȻˣҲ޷
ҶЦŮı̾һɵѾͷġ
ģ
ŮҶЦԼܹأ
һ̣˵ķص˵СéݣΪǵķѩҹǱ˴Ϊӡȴͬ졣
ĵȻ顣
ȫ׵˾ӵ
ôȻȹ
ҹʱ֣ڴõѩȻء
ûãرѾĿףؾѩ
˪ºһʱоʱ컨ͬʱ뿪ҶЦĻȻվ˴ǰ˴ӡ
ȫȻ⣬ƮɵѩŰصĺХݹ֮¹ν˷䡣
һʱŮϡ
ŮΪǱܵĻҲԸѩһ̵ŮֻǾվţŰķѩлӿˮϳ˱ѩʪۡ
νѩŰŮԣǾԶļ䣬ܰۡ
ҶЦ״໺߹ȥ֣ӭѩ߽Сӵڻ
ԾɷѩХȫ޼ϵعνУһ統꣬СؤԼ嵲סѩԼãڻС
һҹ޻

ڶһ硣
˪ºǰȥҶ졣
Ǹˣǰԣǰ¹һžۡ
仰Ҷ˵˷Ī
ν˷ĪҲȫȻǼټΥĽޣͬҶЦȫȷŮ޺ҶͰͲ˪ºϽ뿪ϾŮɵ˺ֵ̫ˣһҪһ𣬷ҪչƷɺΪǴ籨𣬿Ǻã
չƷɺݱλ޿δսӰ
ǹؼؼҶûѡչԼӵʦ֣֮ǰȫԸͦҶҶԿ¹ԵĻʵԼˣ
Ůȴ¹ϣ˵ҶôҲվչһߣ
˪ŮһݣЦҶЦã֮ԻչˣĳԣΪЦ𣬶ЦԼҶЦСүľˣ˪ûжҶҼչжԣΪԨԴԵʣԼҪͦŮΪУ죡
飬ҶҲ
˵˫ҪķͻҶ֪Լѡ
Դ˿˵ҪߣҶڴӦ¸޻ϲ裬ֻǼ򵥵ʰһ£˸Լﳤϼ仰͸Ͻ˪º·
ΨһҶȽƵǣԼҶЦƫƫҪʱ̳˴үΪòн붨չأҶ͵۹֮ͷ԰Ȼй˹ؼͷǼпɳɵĿ
оǣǼʱɹͻˣʼջҪһʱԹ̣ԲϳԶš
һ߲ˣһҪ·ҶҲֻԼһ˸˪º·ȥ
ӥչڿնչԶȥ
Ҷ˪ºһߣձչƷɺ쵱ȻҲסˣҶǣææȥ
Ȼһ֮ҶЦԼչصķ󷨽磬ҹ̣Ϣ뿪Ҷլ˷Ϣĵʮ⡣
һХ֮࣬ԶӰ


414 ӥ
ѩѩ˪ĺѩһ£ⲽпһ
ѩϣȴްǱơ
ĳ˿һ⼸ɱˡ
ֻ˵ôһ仰ҶЦһüʲôϽ·
תȥ
ѩĳ˵̬ȻΣŭҲݣѾô죬ؾһ䰲οûУҲ̫˰ɣѵҾͲ
ҹдҶЦĻô͹ˣ仰˵ģԼһܳСƵãȻֵܣҲеƣҶɫǰȤҲûеģûбĿܣͲָˣ㶼뷨ˣ˵Լ
ĳ˺ڵһ磬ֱӽ͸ˣѩĳ˵˵֮󣬶ĵɫװףβšޡһһĭһ䣬Ͻ׷Ѿ߳Զĳˡ
￪⡣
ҶЦһХֱʡ
һâҹɫһͷȻȻǽӥ
һ˪뿪֮ʱӥΪݸ˳ڲԶϾУ˰Եľݣ¹˪ǰ˲ӵУĳȫûйϵģ
ֱҶЦˣӥ
ҶЦЦЦʩʩȻƮ˽ӥϡ
ȥϴӥȻģһΪ¹˪أѩ˷ܵЦЦ׬ˣⱲӻûأóʡ
ϡ
໡ԲۣѩһУƨɴӽӥˤ
ȴǽӥһ˵Լϣ͸ǡۡһںѩƨϿһѪ
ѩ뵽ոջôҶЦ˵ĽӥȻת۾ϮԼٶȻô죬һ˲ûܼʱӦֱʹиСƨѪֱ֮ʣ׹ô¡
ѩƨɿҪܴ߷߽֮಻ƿڴһſǵúƴ첼
ҶЦ״ȴֲ֧С̴ˣ
ѩأŭڣøëȻ̫ͷ϶͵ʩ㣬Ǻúóͽһɡ
δ䣬⼱˸ȴǽӥɶƾ졣
ѩȴǺʾˢһʣȻһѿڽӥϣ󽣿ͿҶЦϣȻȫֻҪѵѵӥһҲó
ۣ
ӥ¶һ˿мļЦ֮⣬ܣȻ뺮ѩĽײһͬɽһѹ˹ȥ
˫޻ٵĶײһȻǿʤ߰ܣһбһȫԸȻУѩгǵδӥ֣ȫ޿أֱӱţӥ˿δ˥ײ˺ѩϡ
ǺѩǵԪƷߣӥȻһײ֮£żʱأ˻λƵķ˳ȥֱ˿̣ѩüһľ
ӥһȫʤ֮࣬δֹͣչٶȣڿƿһڶ紩ռһ㣬ֱ˺ѩͷϣӥ쾫׼صס˺ѩͷһӥɿ֮ʣ⼫˸
ͬһ֧źѩ
ӥźѩգۼƶˣ嵽֮ϣȥδֹԽԽߣԽԽ졣
侳ĺѩŵû겻壡
Ҳ벻Լһ⣬Ȼ뵽նľء
ھĸ߶ȣǧɣ¿ֻܿϸĶȴʲô
ֹҲˣѩʼǵԪ۷ǿߣʵڣΣգⷴԼʵ̫ܣӥԼͷͬҷһڰƮżɡ
зֻѾˣˣͱһֱı
ĺѩ˿
˭֪һ֮£ӥ᲻ΪԾɴཫԼ˳ȥ
ô˵ƶٶȣռλãֻҪӥ죬Լͻͬһȥ޻ص֮򼲷ɳȥ
Ҫ֪ԼڿУǵ޴ӿ壬޴׹켣һϰǰǵɽԼҲֻһͷײȥ
׵ǰ״ĺѩԾ֮ȴ޿κΡ
ϡ
ѩһ죬ҶЦϧŷһ֣һֻʣص
ڽӥϵҶЦûиۻֻʲôģҶЦγڿɲǿԿЦʱ򣬽ӥΪѩ˵˲ٺû
ǽӥȴˣšŲӾǲ
ҶЦԴҲ޿κΡ
˭úѩһ仰ʹ˽ӥۡ
Ⱳӻûء
仰ڽӥ˵Īڮ١
ô˧ôӢô񿥣ôţƵ𣿡
˵ʲôС޵ϵ˧һĽӥܡ𣿡
ӥһŭ޴йԷҶЦѣɱֿ϶ǲеģǾ˶Σɸ


415 ִ
ӥ߶źѩͷߵٶȣһ·쭣һɳǧ
ҶЦĿȰο֮£˸ɽͷѩ
ų˼ĺͣ˼ѾǱȥҶЦҲٵЦĲҵز
һѩѽӲˣͨһڵϣһͷôֱֱƮ桭ȻѾһ
ѩһſ˼ֱӱɫ촽ģѩ촽ֽŶڶ£ϡϴ󡭡ҡ
ҶЦæһŵ񵤣Ԫãѩڻһƿڴ򡭡
ӥͷԲԲ۾֮⣺С㲻ٷһȦ
ѩʱˡ
ǡѩߵطˣһѱһ᣺ҽǵʲôùˣŶèץ棬ŷɣҲûɶ
ѩίòˡ
ҶЦ̾һڻǽԭסû˵
С֪˽ӥɻ䡭
ǵٶٺϷأ
ѩӡ
ǺѿΡҶЦܲţһӣԽӥ˵㣬ֵŻˣ
ӥ޹ع˼Զ׼ֲǹġﲻ֪ôСΪףص˲˲ò࣡
ǹҲУҶЦŭԺһҪע⣬û
ѩߵصԼϴʲôʲôԺһҪע⣿ô赭дĽһˣֱӾôûˣҲҽ̴ڻøĿŵһ㡭
ָҶЦ촽£ڱ״ĵͷ
ˣǰ˭ǲ𣬵ǡܶɣ
漴˽ҶЦĴͷӥʵǿҲҵа塭Ӳκ˵裬ֻǺϵ˶ѡ
˵ǣѩŰɡ
ҶЦĵȰ˵ӵҩ֮£ӥǿͬ⣬źѩһɡʼҲѩԼϣֻԼβϡ
Ǻ
ѩһ·СرŽӥβͣƿνҪǱжǱ
һֱ˺ܾúܾ֮󣬺ѩ֪Լһ仰˽ӥ
ΪˣרҶЦݺݵشһܡ
Ȼһ۵ĽǱҶЦݿһ١
ѾǺܾúܾ֮ĺˡ
·ٵԶȥҶЦһӥһèٿ֮һɽϿա
͸Ʋ¿ȥ
ֻռɽ壬Ǵм䱻һ㣬ƽƽɽɽһ࣬ȴһ޴ѷ졣
ѷ죬γһϿȡ
ϿȿҲֻʮ£ȴֱ״
ᣬɽͷѺѹѹͷӸ߿տȥͺڵһƬѹѹϡ
ȥ
ҶЦϣ漴óһߣϡ
ӺƹȥҴǰȥӥڸѰһصصҡҶЦ˲󣬽ӥڸ߿Ʋ˸Ȧӣ׵һƫƧصϿȣɳ¡
ѩҶЦָɣ⣬ھɽвɸ߶ȵʱ򣬾һ£ƮƮһ̬ƣɽï֮ܵС
ʧ
ͷ϶һֻѩСèҶЦһԾ£˵ɽ¡
˶ְֺ޵ĵط
лһڣҲǶ֮أ
̨
̨ͨĵ·жأû֪׼ȷ𰸣̨⻷ɢޡطŶûа취ش𣬷عƣáͨ˴һ
·һһִܵĿĵء̨
ҶЦӸ£ҰؿǶ֮·϶ڼϣÿ˵ɫ֮Уڴһ˿׳Ҳһ˿˷ܡ
Ϊ棬ˣ˵صĳʲôΣսֻ֣õˣ޵УòǶСԶûԺ
ղ棡
ɹʧܵĴԵ쳣Եȣ
Ĺƽ
õˣȫõòȫʧȥ
ôǳԵĵȻҲʵ
µͷΨзǰνԥҶЦģ޳ɣһ·ϡ
ڵǶһ·ϣڵ̸ۣУ˷ܣѹֲסĿ־塣
˵ڵƵϣȥˡ
ƵϣǡǸڲʮԪƷǸһţ
ǰɲ˵СֺһʥΪҶĵУȻ󣬺ٺ١
ʥľܸ㶨£Ҫãֻؾ޵ǿˡ
˵ˣȥϸһ൱İвΪأ̸δ
Ȼ


416 ʥ
ҶЦһ·Ĭߣһ·Щ̸ԼԼ֮䣬һɻȴ־ĸоȻ
ÿһ꣬ÿһ죬̨ˣǶ֮ʱô˵ô롣
ǵúܣǵúܣǵúܣ
һȥˣȴһ۾ˡ
ﻹʲôδʲô£һ̣һ˲Ҫģ
ǡӰ˿ߣʥһ˲䣬˵۾ʱͺˡ
ʥ˿ߣûҪֱն̫̫֮ǧٹָ֡ķʽֶγԣѾԪƷĶߣľȫΪľ֮УȫնҲֱݺһı˿ߵȥ
ڵȥͬʱһ֮֡
ֵͬʱ˶ܿǵ˿ߵı࣬Ȼǳ߲֮ɫġ
ǵӦնĵ⣬һʱͻ䵽˳еǸϣܳ߱ʲôΪһ˲һŽ̿

徣
ö֮ǵ˿ߣΪ̨ϵһɣҲû˸ȥ
вϻ̨죬ҶЦһ̤˴еĿĵء̨
̨һΪľ޴ƽ̨ռмʮɷԲͺһ޴һƽһССʯҲ
ǰɽѶɣĿȴǴݲ
ֻмλãҲ֪ʲô֮ȻһƬССĺСȴаɷԲ鲼ڣƺڹʲô
̨ƽ̨֮ϣĿͷһȺһأֻ˵۾ȫֱעͬʱһͬһλá
̨ҲλãһƬɽ壬ס̫ߵйߡ
Ƭɽ̨ɽ֮䣬һб£Ȼб²Ǻǳɢ֮ʱ
̨߳Լʮɵĵط֮Уöӣ漣һ㣬
öӣһڣһ죡
ɫöϲ˪֮޾ɫöӣȫ޼ϵɢݳ⣬ɫϵı˪ڡ
˫ƾУ˪ʼղܱ鲼ڹȴͬӹȥڸĺڹ˪
ڣŲעöӣо̰
ϵſˮ
⣬Ǵеʥôڵı¶ڰУ˵ߣһš۽
ҶЦ̤ƽ̨ĵһʱ䣬ͬע۽ö֮ϡ
ҶЦͫ׼ʱһ
ҶЦעʥʱ򣬲Ҳ
İףûע⵽ȻעԼע£Щע⵽ҲֻĮĵŤͷһۣתͷȥֱſŵʥ
¡
ųɾһ̰
̨ǷȱóȻĲ֮ͣ
ֻ߶˶ԣԼ֮⣬һ˵ȶǲ֮ͣ
ĬȻڳ˼뾲šס˺
ΪȻһӰһſгȥ
Ŀ꣬ʥ
ҶЦӶӰ
Ӱƶٶȿ쵽˼㣬žžžһΪٶȹٶȣٲȻѾԽԼܹӳٶȡ
֮˱ķʱδ֪ṦҪʤԼ
ʥͣţΪ˶һ
ӰˢһӼӶһֻ֣ץöӡ
ۿšֻ֣Ѿץסʥ
Ӵˣ
ʱʥͻȻ͵һڣ
ֻӦ˵һᣬƱ˶һǿһᣡ
һҽ
˵ȻֹڿУһ̣¾žžʹ״ؾţţȴȫȻ޼¡
˲Ϣ֮䣬˽СձһֻȭͷСĺɫ¡
ӴöʥҲȻʧ
оֻһźɫȻͣƬ̣šಡһϷ˲ʧӰ֮С
ĿתĹһеķչУ·ˡ
鷢׶εʱ䣬̨ˣȻûκ˺
ֱ֮󡭡
йâȻһ
̨ǰٴδöӡ
һһڣһһöӣ
ʥ
Ծ֮ǰһ޶ڿС
棬ϡܹڹ棬һö͸Ĺӡ
ȻǰλȥĵԪ֣˼ȴѾǻ޴桢ٲ
˼Ⱥѻȸ
˶оԼؿƺǱصĻһ
һԪ֣ôָ䣬ˣ
ȻڳѲǵһοƳ棬ÿһΣҪһͬܵζͷȻٶΣԾɲеľ


417 㣿
ҶЦ̾˿תǸмǸС
Ǹټ̨ϳʥڵ֮⣬Ψһص㣡
֪ǲ˳ʧܣ𵱳ԵʣǱв˳վ±ߣԭǵǵСȻճôһƬط
ҶЦƵߵߣŝˮΣȻӽָȡһͣ˹ߣһӣ˦С
žͶĴ
ߣҶЦһ㣬˶ֳͣ
Χ۵㡣
ȴûе߻û¶ģ߲ľʹȥĸɫ˵ȣм֮£ۼߣԼ㣬˵Ҳڽһ£ȫȻȹǣ
Ĵߣһ㣬ȴһ߰̾
ˮ沨ԣʱһһԾˮ棬ŵڿвͣ
˲˿ջϲã̾㹳ϽӻغС
Χһ̾һ
ͬǵ㡭˳֮̾࣬Щ㣬иģȻǵȴܼʱ͡ǣͷֳֵ͵λȴûȺģŹһ˵һߣƣ֮
ⷬижĸпһͷȴֽܽǻпһ̾Ϣ
ҶЦֳֵͣԿȻˣƺһ
ʵȴӿȡ
㣡
ǵģǵ㡣
ƬСС̨֮󲻾ãɽϣλԪƷǿֿһҲԶǧץ㣬ӽС
߰˵͡
ԾֻһǾʾˣνһĻᣬһ壡
ǰһУǸλǿڵ㣡
ʥ
ԷĴ۾ƴԼС
λԪƷǿǷۣԪ޵漣ɸƣĳɹҲ˶˵ĸ߼λµһջһ̼̼ǰͺ̵Էһ
ֻϧûжЩԪ۷ǿߵĺ⣬ΪЩȡʥ֮ϣЩۣ
⴦ССΪ̨һʱȥ
ҶЦĿĺˮƺңһ㣬Ȼ޲
̨ϵˣһĸ߽ߣȻվ۷ֵ֮ĶǿߣģҲӵһ۵Ļʵ
ˣǷں½һҲñһĹĤݡ
ȻȴֻһȺ㡣
һȺȿֺ󣬱˵㣿
֪漸ʲһƴҲҪġ㡱
޴Ĵ㣡
ôҲãôŭҲգʵʵڵʥϾѰ
ֻҪ˻н֮ģͻϵ
ѳıķ룬ı
߼λĵߵ㣬ԸϹ
ĵľ㡭֪ǰ޵¿µľ綾ǷǳҪԣ
֪ȥųɾžžŶǻȥҪȥԣ
ԼΨһ˶
ҶЦֳֵͣظо·ѾϹˮϵĸƯѾûӰˣȻһ᣻һβȻԾˮ档
ҶЦͻȻ뵽
ԼЩ㣬ĵڵԼЩˡ
ôôأ
뵽ҶЦ۾óȻһͻȻеһߣźһԾ¡
ͬһβҲƣһԾˮС
ҶЦͻˮˮϧȴҲֻ۵ȻԿһ£ͼ飬ȫȻмһˡ
ҶЦǱˮס
Ȼ֣òԼһ뷨ģֻԼһǴڡ
ˮ£ȻӰӰ´µвˣڰɴ۾ĬĬˮе㡣
˵嶼ƺˮڳһ壬Ҳˮ
ҶЦƵƶһնĵ֮£ԱһˮӣȻȴżȻȴֱȻᷢһĻ
Ƭ̣ͼԶһȺι
ն֮ȺʱһɧңѸնΧͣסˡ
ҶЦȫܹĹ۲쵽Щ۾棬ԼԼس̰¡䱸ȵ
Ǿǲߡ
һζԱעš
Щ㣬Ѿ˺ܾúܾãΪʼվûжϹˣȥ֮žַŻԺܶ㶼ǱģֹһΡ
ЩΪԹͷģȻܾ
ȻǳԹͷٴնʱȴ鲻Խι
һ˹ȥβͳԵһննһΣҶЦĸƯ֮˶Ȼնಡһȥ
ۼһȺȻʱɢ


418 㣿ˣϣ
ҲûɢԶһȺ㲻¼ʮֻ֮мʹ˶飬Զȥ
һȴڸϵҷƺڵȴʲôһֽ۽ǰնڵĵطᡣ
Զ׼ЩȻ֪ΣҪԵն᲻þʹȥ
ҶЦв̾Ϣ
ЩĿ⣬̨ϵԼˣǺεƣ
̵֪նĴۣͻͬսᣬȴᣬ֮ͣ
ʱšˢһնִȻԭλãܹ벻Զ
һȺԭԥǻƬ̣ʼĥĥնǱιȥ
еʼնΧߣЩѡβȥһ¡еģɴԼԴȥһ
Ķǳ΢Ȼϴɵľѵǡ
ĵһͬסô̽ԵΡȻζϲջ͡
Ķһ֮һ㣬ƺоӦûʲôΣˣس˹ȥſ죬һζġʳ
Ȼͬʱ߾ʹ˱ֱͬڵ㹳ؿס̰ʳĴ㣬ʹŤһ£ҪѣȻһ̣ѾͱϷ𡭡
ߵһܿģ
棬һȺٴξʧɴܣɢݶȥֻһΣɢľԶ࣬ĴˮµĻҳ˶𣬶ʱĿһƬǡ
ȵˮٶȻָܼȣʱһݵĵţȴһܲסʳջ
ԭŵɢȺ˿¾ۼ߼СȻӽСģӽ䱸ȴʼջ߾£
оǣòƱ֮ǰӴ࡭
Ȼµ顭
ҶЦعһеķչȺɢӣˮǣȻپ£ҧٴɢٴξۼٴϹ
ѭܶʼһһͷ
ҶЦ¶һ˿ζԿЦ
㣿
ˣ
ķΧ£ʲô
ܵĵ뱻ϵô
ߡą̇̄ĵУԼЩˣͬЩһ
һζ
˶ѣ
̨֪ԼСӲ֪ԼЩǿеʲôҶЦˮУ¶˼
ԼĪķŭ
ڲ֪Զ˶˴ĵߣҪʲô
ԼߵЩˣʲô
һȺֻ֪̰öϧյġ㡱𣿣
ҶЦ¶ȻһͬһƬҶˮȻƮ
ҶЦ¶ܣߵС㣬Ҳûв˻Χ֮еڣ䣬Ѿˮϣšһˮվ˺ߡ
µͷӺе峺ˮǧذת档
˭֪ˮУж㣿
˭֪жߣ
֮£к½ˣ½˵ʱǿϵ
ǵģϡ
Ӹ£΢ĩ
½ң֮ǿпһѲЦЦһһܶʼֻأͬС죬ƿɳ£
Ȼ֮ϣиߴڵĺ쳾硣
ں쳾ǿУʲô
ʲô˼
ͬľӸ£Ӷӣ
ҶЦ۾΢΢ͻȻ̧ͷң޾գĿĮ
ôں쳾֮أ᲻ᡭһǿ磿
㽫˵ʱǲǣҲ˽㵱ֻֻϣ

ƮƮ
һƬ˪ѩ̨֮
ͺѩ
˼㣡
ѩȻԱĿ֡

ϧ£˼ĺڳҲǶ࿴һ۶ѡ
ǺѩΣ
ҲڳУûܹʵսʤ֮㺮ѩܹѹڳˣȴζžܹɹȡʥ
ֻҪȥʥԾֻ·һ
ľƷԪߣѵˣ
ѩҲװ˭ʶһ̬߰ǰȥһϮ֮˷׷·
Ȼڻȡʥ¼УûлŵļأǣںѩЩ˵ʱȴ˭Ҳҷġ
ϾѩȻδܹõʥʰȴ׾ٵ顣
ȻУ˸̬֪ĺѩȥȡʥ죬̤ϻȪ֮ǰԼСϣֻǰٴҲǲֵĲǣ
֮ۡ˼ƽϣ


419 ֣
ѩ;֮ˣ˾뷨
ѩޱ飬ѩһ㲽ǰǿҶЦʱҲͬǿһʯľȫ޷ֱ
ĳڴͥڵ̬ƣҶЦ򣬺޺ۼƲƲ죬֮ǰȥ
ԼֵܼȻ̤֮;ԼôܲУǰһ
ֻһǰУҶЦȴͻȻãƺﲻԾţȱʲô
һٲ鿴һ¿ռ䣬ڷӦ
أ
ԭһֱԼͷĶ᲻ˣ
ҿȥˣ
ȻǺȫ㣬ڶ˵һջ󣬿Ǻ㶼ѰĻɫԽԽĶѵƵЩ·òã
ǣɣڹȥˣ
ѵɽ亣ζԶˣˣ˼𣡣

˿̨̣ǰǰλãλøȫ۾ֱصſеʥȫȻû˷֣Լ£һССģװ׵¡

ֻɽǰһ˫ȵĴ۾ֱضſеʥ۾Ǵεɫ
СɵǰצӲʱһ˫۾ţĹ
Ȼˣ˼𣬶Ƕϸߵεζ
ʥζΣû֪ο϶Ǹܸܵģɣ
ȻδõģȴһԼ۱ߵģ
˶ȫûвʱһӰһ׾Թ϶׺羭һĳȥಣ
ûǵӰʲôѾٶʧˡ
ǰİУԭȻǰöʥȻʧֻһ㹳Ǻīɫ㹳͸״Եù
˼ʣֹĪķʽڰա
⡭ˣ״εüһʥеĿֲ㹳
ǣ˺ˡ˹㹳ȴû⣡
šʲôʲôˡ
ʥأ
ղ˭
˭ô죿ôô죿
Ҷûأ
һΪ۾ˣִءʥûˡ
Ҫ޵иˡ
˭
ѵ䷨ͻȻˣһ֣
̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
˶ھУɣɨΧƺҪǵӰȴʼͽ޹Զƶٶȣ԰򣬾Ӹһǿߣ˼ȫǴ˼ܿõģ
ɧȴԽԽˡ
֮ܵ˭ʵ˵ãڵʥվǱһժȡɹˣ
̼ò˵۾ˣ
Ȼ˳ɹô˶Ϊʲôң
͸ǰ

һߡ
ҶЦȻռջûһضöʥһӵԲ۾
Բۣ
һֻҪֱѿڶˣ
⣬أ
˵еУҲδһ˳ɹȡʥؾƾճ޾ռأ
һߣ˹Լһϸëһ־緢
Ūģ⡭ҶЦ־ϲмֲŲţ
ͷǰһһֺеү֣鷢ĸ̬
ס԰ҶЦĵĪ֮࣬ҪĵĿ佱䣬ͻȻָо˲ԾĵطҶЦ̫Уǵǰ״ĺܲԾҪ֪ЩĵرɱûŹ֮ʮа˾ֱӾ͸ˣһôһȴôʵ
Ȼ
ѵȻΪֺô
δ̫ӣ
Ծ
զأ޲Ϲ屦ҶЦüͷעŶѿʵ
ڰβͣҪװһǸʿߴʤȫмڳԵӣȴվûгɹĽ
ôͲأ⣬һҪ൱ת֮ҲáȫʺģֹӣĻǿʳΨһжֽ֮׶ζڱûκô
ĽͣҶЦĿɿڴ
ȫʺģĲ
˵ʺϳ⣬һз޵
˼ҶЦʣƵһ
벻ѾֵĺöôõĶõһ飬Ȼֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿţųʣµģҲ̫Ҳˬˡ
ҪԵĻʣµҲ̲ˣؽĺɰٴ˴󣬴˴Ϊһξˡ
ҪզأҶЦ۾
ָֻţ˼ǣ׳հֱԾаȥǹ̲صӴȻ˲ʱ޾ռ䣬ȻҾܳˡ
ⶫǺõġ
Ĳһ䡣


420 ȿֺ
ãȻ֪ҶЦһתǡôöҲðôء
ʶķ˷ۣ֪̰ĵļһô˵һⶫһֻܳһΣٳԵڶεĻȫûЧˡ
ֲ֪ҪԼԣбˣСҶЦ˿ɣһֽӿռ˳ȥŪϽģ
Թ״˦˦βͣԹ
֪϶Ϊ򳤹Ȼˡ
ˣҪԺõģܻҪģŪҲɶ£ȴʲôĶһͳɣ
ɱڴ˿̣ͻȻǱһɧҡ
õúܣʥˡ

Ҷ
ˣ
ﲻӾöӵˡ

漴һĲҽС
ֻǸҸж˻ðŵ⣬һöɫԲ
˶˵ߵȥˡ
ʥٴδ١
ͬһʱ䣬˳ȥ
ȴһҽУټ𡭡
ЩԳưԵĵԪ߽ߣΪͻȻɹһʥͻȻ󱬷ȿֺĳȥ
ÿһ˶ţԼһɹߣǣ˶Լǣڻң
Ȼһһ𣬻һ򣬱˶˵ĵߵȥ
һʱ䣬±ߵʥߣȻŶӶŲˡ
ڡˡĹУÿһ˱Ȼʱ̣ܶˣȻÿ߽Ӵʥ֮Ƿɹժȡԭʥ֮ʧƬ̣Ǳ˶˵ȥȻ·Ȼʱ䲢ܳ˵Ǻܶݣڿոһɹ֮󣻻ǵȲ
Ȼ˳ɹˣһɹ߱Ȼңһձ
УҾһԣ
ڽһʱÿһʥոշһ˲䣬һȺ˺һѷĳȥȿֺ󡭡
ȿֺĸ
ΪսиùȽӴʥǸˣһź
ùǵǰȥЩ֮УΪߵһ
ҶЦһ߿ţ촽һ߳鴤
ôˣؾǻ赽ȳ̶ȣ
ĹȻҲһôӻԾֱͺǴ˼Ѫһϳ塭
ڣʮ֮ȳڽ
ôģôаţ
ղŵֵ˭ضû̷ʥء
һôˣȻһɹûС
ȵȵȰɣٵȵȡ
˵ǰһһȻǧûܹˣɹļʲʡ
Ҳ˵׼£˵ڶʥ䷨õǸûء
ͬ˲ͬҿǿҪȴǧˡ

һƬ̾
Ȼ˾Щģȥ⡣
ʱһöʥٶջû
һΣȴûپǰˡ
ʱȹһ£ҲϢһ¡
ţȵȿ
Բۣǡ
ۣ
һƬУټһޣ޺İӰڵʯ֮䣬첻ɲļһ
ٶֳöʥšһӣʱʧˡ
ֱֻʣֻյ㹳
˵ǣֻ㹳ûκεĻζ
ҿղٳ֣
ֳɹˣ
ǣôߵģ
ôģ
˼״һ󾪺쾪ﾪˣĽʺ޵۾ˣֱȺ֮дѰҡ
ֻҪҵһȺ֮
쵰Ͽʥˣ
ȺöһҪôʲô
ɶǣ㶼õʥ֣Ȼһʱãһٵظȡʲô㣬ѵ죿
ֱǻ쵰
ܶ۾׷׿ʼĦȭƣЩѾڴ˵ش궼δֵϳɳɣҲһƬƬԻȣ
Σ
ǵһΣ
׿Ⱥӣ
ûйġ
ѵĵֽ컻һ֣
һ˵۾ٷ׷תˡ
еһΣδеڶΡһ˵һεڶΣǾͿ϶еΣ
Ƕ
ͬͬһͬ
˼һԾ𣬾Գ±ߵȴµʥ֡
ܹҵȡʥ̰ΣԶԷ˵ٶȣ֮˱Ƽˣֱʥر޵ǿߣͷһɱܺù𣿣
ɵǣԼҲܳɹȡһʥȴԼԵгɾ޵ǿߣ
ֻһΣʥȴǳֵøˡ


421 Ǻ
ĳһռ䡣
ͬһƬ֮ϡ
£һƬ˵ֲָ˵ˣǱȺڰҪڰİɫ
Ӱھ۾˫
һӰȻһ۲ŵźɫĵͣסҵĹҲˡ
һͷҸղһô
ӰңԷǲն˻˿ķʽ˹ӣ̣ȫ޳ֹϢһˮ˵á
һӰһᣬֻ¾ͲѰˣһ֮ڳαʣǿȫûκиôԷˡ֮ǰǼȫȻͬ᲻ǳʲô⣿ֻǣˡ֪ν˿󶨵ķ
޿ܣǰĺӰȻƾȵͼλϣܽҵĻ˿󶨣Ǹ죬ݶ
Ĳ˵ǰ߼ǿߣҪҵĻ˿󶨣ҲȻҵķӦҲ϶Ѹݣȫ޺ۼοǵͼλ棿ҵڣ
˵ĵҺγνͽεѵʲôǳԤ㷶֮ģһӰü
δ䣬ͬʱָµķʲô
ãֶͬƵ̬ͣ˶
Ȼʲô㲻ƺȫûʲôǰ˵ǵӰһ¶ˡϡ£Ȼˣǰ
᲻ǡǸλϳʲôҲ֪ĸλߡһӰ
˵ʲôǰӰһ֮䣬ϵļǰ쵰ҲҴ൱ѣƬǿ֮£ûбҸǿĴڣǵǸǿǿ٣ǻ᲻֪𣿡
Ϊʲô⣿˺޺ۼķʽضϻ˿Գ֣ܹ𣿡һӰǰȻ˼⣬Գնϻ˿֮ˣм־η֮⡣
ҶҲǺ棬ԷȻֶΣȴֺο̰ǵһϣֻҵ޷ȥǱȻһУȴίʵ֪ǰǺӰţԼΣ֪ˣԷȻȺγ֣ʾǵĶϺȤೢԼΣɿԷʹֶεĶߣжϳԷʵΡ
һӰ˵⻰ȴΪ˻ϺõĻ裻ʮʱ;ſͨǧͼλ棬ͷֻǰһλΪʣΣҲǲܷģԷʵǿᣬ֮ܲڲһսɣ
ȻӰԳնǷ˿֮˵ۼߣֹǿǲǸһҲδ֪ȴǾǿ߶δ֪˵ĽСģϾĳȡʥŪϻ˿ֶʵ̫һ㣬˶Ȼĳ̶ȣ
ﲻѿڼԼΪһ顱òƻЩݵΣ
ǰ˵ǵӰͷʾͬԼǰһһǴģЩԪѪ۵¡
Ӱ´һǺͽ֮˿Уһ׽󣬻ζ˵ͷ;ȷѵõζôöᡭ仹Ի깬áıҲǲܷġ


ӰһǺһЦһ󶯵֮Уһ˿һλλƵ˦˳ȥ
ףȡ߹ҲûôʿǰȺǴ̼żˡһȥϹˡӰٺһЦѸͣһŻԲ򣬡һƿշ
ԡףǣȫõȴӰҲǴЦһһ֮࣬һź򣬴ӺɫŨ֮ºһӵС
ֻϧͨÿξֻһ˿̽ȥҪܹɱ˹ȥֻһԪҲǿԳԸġ˼ֱЩΣˮΡ
οˮ£ʱƬһ뵷ڣ֮ƺŨ˺֮ܶ࣬УͷȻ֣ޱ޼ʣ顭
һƬ޺֮УǰšҺš
Ȼޱ߰Ӱ޶ԣһ֮£֮еþʹ˻Ƭ˺һ֡
ҵǰΪܴơһӰٺЦЦֻҪǻ۵㹻ˡջ֮£һ죬ܹǴﵽͻƱƿļޣʱȻأǺӡ
ʱ򣬾ʲôͳʲôӰ۾ﱬһź㽣ЦͻƵһգһһʱȥͼλ棬㣬ȫԹ⣬ã˶飡

ЦУӰ׸ͣϵջ裬죬ƺƽջҪ̫̫ˡ
Ȼÿ˶ջϰöʱ򡭡
ͻȻ䣬ĺӰٴηһС


422 
Ȼôֱժ˹ӣôܡĺӰۿﱬŨŨĺȻǾĪ¶ֿ־ζ
ʧ֮νǼӱСġ
ȻһΣԾϢģ޺Ĺûˣȫκμѭ
Ӱ۾ŵͣľǲ˼飬ţš
Ȼ˴˼Ų֪ôңԶؿռľ룬ܹϢĴԼȡնĴڡ
⡭
ڡ
ԹľֻۣҪԼķˮҪ˵½ЩϣžǺ쳾Ǽ޵У߿Լĵȡ߹ӣȴҲڲԼ£֪ȡ߹ӣ
ڵʵȴǣһ֮ڣȺιӱȡߵ¼
ÿλһֱԼоϿˣŷֹӱȡˡ
⡭ֱǣ޷⡢޷š޷ıʣ
ҿļˣĺӰҲһƵľС
аٶȽͳȻеϵĹӣȻҲûˡ
Ψһͷǰ˼⡣
ʼĩʵ̫Źˡ
ֻȻʲôϡ£ȴҲΨһСӰ૵һٶԵֻ֮ǰ˽źȥĶԣǿˮĶԶȥؽһĶԣ
ǺӰҲˡ
һֻأһֻӰЩʹôȥЩֻֻºܿûˡ
һﲻ
ճӵеֻعѾ˲һ꣬һܳȥֱ޾ֻʵĿֻþʮſŶѡ
ܹ֮޳ȴΪֻعһԣ
ÿһεնĹУһֻعϣӾͻԶأǹ̾ͬһֻأһιһϡ
ֻع飬ٶժٴնٴֻغһҡ
ԾʵԣֻعʼѭȥһֱֹĿֻ֣Ҫǵ汻ĳȥǾԶҲ٣ȻƾֻعԶٲ٣ԵģȴҲԶӡ
һʹǡڴ֮ǰŶĶԹնӵĿţȻڽһ֮УȻֱӼĿţ
һ죡
һ컹ûйȥ
Է֮ˣʵνĪ⣬ȺĴγ֣ÿ˶Σ赭дٶ˾ߣȫ޺ۼѭ
ʵǸߵˣ
ߵӰľ
水յȻٶȳȥ¡òʮµģͷЩӾ͵ľ⣡
浽ʱûֻعʲôأ
Ͷ϶ԣֻع޿ȡظҪԣȣֻ֪ع֮⣬ûκζҲûκη;ͨǻͷ˿ǧ֮һϸĻ˿֮
ΣܹҵĵرЩĵرֻعһֻءԶǲ߱عԣҪ׼ٶϲ˶˵Ⱥأ
ԷʵĪ⣬ҲĳܸպãüֻعϲŽ֣Ъˣú˼һԷѵһ𣿣ӰһӺߣȻڵͼλ棬ô޷޷ŵ飬Ȼ⡣
ԴΨһżȻСˡ·ֻϲȻҪȡ֮Ψ˲߼ġ
˶˵λˡʵѾǿᣬȻǵͼλ涺̫ãƹҲˣоǣֻȻϡԸ죬ЧȴҲǶߣ˶˵λ˲ջ̫ãȵ˶˸ˣȻһлع
ĶԹӣǻʧ

˶˵ĳܵʱϢģ˼Բȥˣһ˵̨ϵȴѾǳ׵ķˣ
ȻĶԣ
ȻĴΣ
찡
ԽĺӰȻǣֻҪ־лᰡ
ǻ˵ְ
ҽһҪջᰡ
оǡǸӰʲô˰
ôȻĴΣĴȫˣ
Ҫ𣿣
Ѿˣ
Ѿվұ֤㡭
ˣȫ÷ˣһ̣ûСȫ˶ˣ
ȻûмҪΪʥ˭û֮פ
˵۾ģѵ񣬶ǳ˻ɵΣǲСģǲǵ˵İӰ


423 棡
Űµ߶ˣÿ˶ʮĿ
ԺͺѩΪĿٵĿȫλǵ֮
˭Ѿһ£˭ѾԾƵ˭ѾΪʵڴ˼ߡǲѾĶ˭
˵۾Ծֱʡ
ÿ˵϶ƴ
ֻҪٴʥôҾڿĵһʱȥʵǼˡ
ϾЩŰµģѩڣǵӰļ̫СˣЩڽʥϾʵڣϾĴγɹڳ̫̫
Ѿļʲôŭ⡣
ϷѾغˡԼһôˣ˭㵲ҵ·Ҳ׼
ޣѾĻ˶궼ûеõûϢûû㼷ʲôϵҲ׼Ų֪ʲôм˲׼
ޣС˵ô˵ӣ֨Ӱ㵰Ƽ
ҿϻ쵰ҷʴʣ˵ˣ
ϷҪɱ㡭
Ǵǣǣʲô¡
顭
̨ϣ֣޹֮꼰֮Ϊ֮֮֮䣬˾һš
˵۾ǺģЩֿ˺ģ󲿷ֵעԾʣ͵ٴδ
һֱڣµʥҲûٴ
ֵ̨ʷϣĵһΣ
Ҳݣզأ
ѵΪʧִ̫࣬ˣ
ϡ棬û˵Ȼ¡
ģڵɣҲ㼸ζͲĵո˰ɣûôСĵߣƿڴˣ֤ʳӦץʱʹµŶ԰ôոأ
Ǿǡֿ϶ԲУ
ãǱʼûκηӦ
ϵŵʥľҲûд
ĵһΣڶΪ˵ҶүĵһΣһβˣ
ڣƵμСˡ
ԲۣòǴһսɡӴԺû˰ɣ
ʲôܰɣ㡭㲻ҪϹ˵һһˣʮ꣬òײſһϣǧû˰
ʮëߣһǣϷѾغٶꡭ
ܶ𣿡һ˲мصѾ߰˰꣬˭ܱȵӵĿĹ裬־壡
챣ӡҪһʹǼһٻɣϷȥˡҲԹ޻ڰ
С
ĺ˷ﲻһҹ֮಻ڶҶЦûκݡ
ȫǵġ
˾ʹ˲ˣԼЩȴġ㡯ûɶˡ
ִԲмСԲı׼ԲۣҶЦЦԷǣһϲֱιȥ۵ôˡ
˼ôԵڵ㣬Ȼ
ǼûޣֱǼ⣬һöԣǼһȺһȺ
ҶЦ̬ƽĶۣ޻˵
Ϊĵ׻ǺǷݿġ
ֿԸ£޵е޷⡣
ĿӵУ˿̾ˣ౶Σ
Ȼڴ˿̣ҶЦȴһ뷨ڵţȻѾ޵УΣδؾͲǱ־Ϳɵһβ㣿
ҲҪ
ԶҪ
ҪֳֵƽƽĴڣ
ֻǳΪֳֵ˸ߵĴڣҵ㣬ҵ㣡
ҶЦĿ˸
ӰȻ֮䣻ѩ߹
ôѩܴ
ѩ˼ϵϾ̽ѯζиһ˿š
Ǳκ˶첻֪ȥöʥܹͳεȵǿߣ
Ǽ൱ڡĸ䷨
ĸ޵С޵еĳǿߣ
ĸˣȻ»֪˭
ȻһԿ϶ĸֻҪʥ;߱һԼʵ
;߱ԼŪڹ֮ʵ䷨ʵ֮ϣĸ䷨ߣκһӵŪԼʵӹɣ
״úѩЩۺˡ
ԾԾԡ
ԾԾһʥ
һ䷨һѾ̫ˣٶü϶ûԼĻ·
ĸ䷨ĪԼһ
壬֮ҶЦĿĿǰ棺㲻׼֣


424 ˷ܱй
ѩӣ״ҶЦľ棬Ӧǡ
˼Եǧ򲻿֪вʣȵ¹ʽ֮ȻϸʼĩԵɣǡڴ֮ǰǶȥͲֵܣҶЦǰδе
ѩԲһ£Դ˵˺ˣҶģȥǡ
ֱͺ˺öСϱͲһ߲ˣ
ҶЦ룬ʵЩϣڴöʥȫ
ѩʶһС
ҶЦȵѾզʲôҪǱΧ𣿡
ѩȴأ૵զôأôֱʵģϴ֮⻹˭һ·ɶ漣Σ׽㡢ѱ۽ߡ̽ҩɽһһŪĶʥһųĶԣһŪˣҸղžȻûڵһʱ뵽治
ĳ뻹û߶꣬ѱҶЦϣԶԶ뿪ҶЦߡ
ȴԽԽ˷ܡϴʹԵޣô࣬޾ޡ
۹
ֵϲ޵飬ǲܷйһôܷйͷĿϲ
߾ѩͻһȣķͬУƾըһ
˶Դ˾ûΨһоԼԺСˡһԴֱӿˡ
ҶЦû뵽ôһ֮࣬Ť˵ϡ
֪һ̲ס˷ܣҪ¶
Ȼˡ
̫ˣһ㶼⣬֪ҸղΪɶҪأΪɶҪܸأ
ޣ˭أ˻һ飬ôѸ㵽ֵʥֵ׾٣ԺҪñĴĳ˺òãĳĳ˵󣬲İ
쵰ѩӸ£ŭɫƿڴһĶЩСеģҪʲô
˾һ
Ҷ˽òã
д󺰴еģ
̨òƾֻһڴ󺰴УǸ˾㺮ѩ
ԪƷ˲𰡣
仰˭˵
ΪԪƷ˲
ȴɺͳѩ߸ϣָʹ˱ɫֱ֮
вޣҲݣҲٳ㲻׵ˣѾҲǿöʥԼûõвޣûκ֮ȴǷԹ
ߣʲô
ʥһ¾ûװ˵

ޣ
ۡٺٹ¸ºǺꡭѩʵ̲סеǷݿ⣬Цȴּʱ뵽ҶЦǿнЦ˻ȥսǱһ֪ƵĹЦ
ʲôЦλųƶ˼ĺͣѲɾǱ÷ˣ
ȿȡҶЦ
ڵ¼žҹԶͬʱ쳣̶
ߺ߹ٺ١ѩٴηһζ漴ŭȵͦˣ˭׼˵˭֨һ֣
ȻŲˡ
ˣ̨ѻȸš
̨˹ȻҪƶƤ
ΪʥֻܿűˢˢߣԼһ񣬾ѾƵ˼㣬ҪԲõĵزˡ
û뵽Ҫһûɵ
ֱǡҪˡ
һҹ˼עҹߡ
ǣ˼ҺѩԪƷΪȭͷ󣬻Ҳǣû˸ڹ޵ۣǰ
˶ɴ۾ճյա
᲻ỹУ
᲻ҹִˣ
ʥٵͬʱ͵͵Ըֻʱȡʥɾ޵ʵһϺͣ˼㣿ã
ʱ˿̣ҶǱ뷨Ƕ˯ˡʥٵĿԣʱִһҾͿϢˡҵ޵ҲϾҪʵˣ
ͬͬҶͬһ룬Ȼûһ˿ϱϢƬ̵ġ
в˿۾ֻһ죬۾գȴȵʾԼѾ˯ţûоˡ
һ󼫶ȵྲ֮󣬲֪Ӻʱ̨ϵĺһƬ˷ﲻʵ򡭡ȴûһ˯š
ڣճ١
Ψһһ˯ҶЦҶүԺȴȻ̨ǰ˺УһƬ֣żĲҽ𡪡ȴֱȥˡ
Ҳˣʥȴֳˣ
ĵߣ·ջǲİ
һᡭ
ҶЦⲽ±ߡ
ಡ
һӰˢһ»İ߼ٳ彫ȥ


425 ʥ
ϲ֮£ٶȳ֡
Ծû˿óһߣʲô
˶ܶ޴ӿζϻ˿ȡʥ̨ϵЩСɫ
˶ǰӰǰӰֳˡ
ˢһӾһƳ֮࣬ӰԶš
ʥٴβˡ
ȺǶͬһη
ۣ
Ǳժȡˡ
ա
˷ˡǵӰҪǻûȢޣԸ޸ء
ѣ̤еĺòã㵹ޣ˼ҿҪô
ģֱˡΪʲôֲҡ
ֵҲǸǸ򣬼𣿡
ǸǸȫҶȫҶ
˶Ծǲ⣬ٴչ˸ҵľ
ǰͺ̵ĳȥȻ󡭡ı
ǵصİӰȴԾԲʱķʽȺߴΣ
ߴγֵĽ߶ʥϯȥ
ߴʥժ֮һ춼ûڣȴѾʥ
йڡӰĲ²⣬Ҳϣﵽһ㡣
ĵƣȻǵһ䷨ĵ٣ȡʥ
Ŀļ򵥴ֱϣٳһ޵棬֮УҲ֮У
˵֮֮䣬
һɣͻ⵽ǿһ䷨֮⣬˭߱ôٶȣ
һӳ֤
߼ʱƿԡ
Ȼû֪ǡ
һȻӰǰδеľ˸٣ȫٱ̨
ˮǧɽ˲Ϣ
ХϷ۶

ʵĿǰΪֹҶЦڵǰջҲо쳣ֻ֣˵쳣ĹŹ֡
ȡʥֵҲδ̫׼򵥼˰ɣ
Ȼȫ޴©ȫʧ֣
ʱԿԼʲôһ飬ս̫Ե˰ɣ
ҶЦǱ˶˵ߵҲĿǰĴζλǸĳܣ
Ǳ˶˵ߵ̫̫СҶЦɣԷǸʲôįʵϸ룬֮ʵ⣬ȻͬһߣᲢۣ
۶ԷʵΣΪʱ磬Ǳǿ̫̫ˣ
ԭҶڵǰһۣдҪƴգ
û뵽̬չþȻô˳ôˮɣ
޾ռС
ſɰСԴøСɵǰצŪǰʥצһһȥ
ú桭һһҲ
֮˿ǰһĻһ̼ûȥ˭ܲΣ
˭ҲΣ
ι֮ʲôأ
ȻǽֻɶèץסˣȥȻ󻹲ޣٳ
ֻغü飡
Ҳޣ
ȴľȻ쵰èߡ
ҶЦĿǰصŶ
Щһ
㡭֪ʲôӣҶЦָʥ
ҡͷ粦˹ġ
ţҶЦü
Mia޹ĿһĲ֪ӣȫ֪֡
ôժӣôᳵ·׾ֵҶЦüŶǧ˵츳Ҳţ϶֪ʲô
MiaһԹԵӣܸɴزˡ
Ϊʵ֪ɶġҶЦ̾˿벻ȻҲһ֪ɵèȻʲôһ顭ǡ
ҶЦҡͷ̾Ϣߡ
һԱӣΡ
ءŭˣ˭˵Ҳ֪ղǱڹòãھ͸̫̫߲ε֪ʶòãⲻħֻعȴʲôֵ̫ÿĵطȻˣڴҲܶˣϾǵ걻ƻ֡üֻع֮ʱżϲĺ飬Ʒ˼ԣû뵽⾹Ȼ˶ӣ˴ˣܹŹĶֻعһ֮ȫٵˣû뵽Ȼʣ࡭ߣȻһһ˵֪ʶ
ֻعıʵֻعҶЦʱ۾һ첽߻أһץĲʲôΣϿ˵
ԹҪҪ
үⰮӵëʲôʱܸĵ
ôһɶҲ˵ˣϰ߿ɲð̫¶ˡ
ԴòȫĽ͡
ҶЦ֪˫ӵʵ
ʥħ֣ħеֹֻֽӾֻħħԣĵط
ġֹӴӳֱ֮󣬶ħκֶûκЧá
ΨһһֿɼЧȻӣ


426 ƻ
ȻħȫȻûõֻعȴЧãȻҲֻǶڴ߲Ч
Чһ˵Ѿǿˣ
˹ءӦȻ¶ˣΪħսħͨħ׳˲ħǴһȻ˹ֲΪۣħһ֮ĶĹģ
ȻȺöȴδкճֻӦ˵ºöû
ǿʢ״̬ĶΪĹȥħΣһӣ̰ʳܷŹһ֮£ȻҲ˶ӣԶԣȻʱŭڣôĹӣȻȫкҩźһ֮£һ֮ȫٵˡ
ǵûлɾףֳˣ
ֱֻعȫٵ֮ȴз֣Ϊڡ
Ϊֻ֣˷ãȻյܹյЩ֮ʣµ಻ҪĲԼ˵ȻǼõĶȻôҲֻ΢΢ΪĶĻΪ۶ϣȫһºòá
ǲҪٻȥһ㣬ǲǻĶֻعֲʲôģʱ˷ӡ
һֱڡ
ΪȻԶԶûлظҪħħͷȡֻȴʵ׾٣Сһ
Ǳſ㹳ϣҲǲʲô顣
ΪҶЦĴڣŽٶޣκ˶
ؼǣǹӵĲڵԼĺôȻ΢΢Ҫڶ壬ڵԼʵԭһǲЧԼѾܹ˺òã
˼ǣ֮С˺쳾֮⣬ȻħĴڣҶЦԲ۾ħʲôطνħ־ʲôӣ
˿̶ȴǽı죬һҲ˵ˡ
ʵѾ޺ڡ
ˡ
ò˵̫ˡ
֪ȻǸߵȼλˡ
⣬ɻԶԶܹ֪˽ʱ򡭡
аûԶҶЦʻţװƣȫȻһԡ
ҶЦӺ棬׷֮£ȴǵòκδ𸴣ɵôΪ
һΣҶЦôգôӼΣԿţֻһζԴһΣǲǻ
ҶЦۼ״̬̾һ޼ƿʩ²Ϊˡ
֮飬У֮У֮Ув֮УƿڴǲУȫһ仰ǲУ
Ӳ˻𣡡ҶЦԾԶ˼ʾȻʧ֣ȻΪġһŭӣ˦ߣţߣ
УֻҪԼôһߣľǡͻ
ռУɱţ
һΣռͬʱЧбۿҶЦ߳ȥȻһûԡ
ҶЦпףһʱߵʣֻ˳ȥЩͷ
ģҶЦŭһһֻèȻҲ췴ˡԺҪúʰ
̨ĳעν䣬һӰһԶȻƮ̨һϡ
µ߰˸ˣȴûа
˾ڽУϢ
ڴ˵ȴ˲̨
˿̰ѩҶЦڣûκ֪˵Ĵڡ٣ȻȴܹȷĹ۲쵽κһˣ
κһϸ΢ķ紵ݶÿһصı飬֮¡
Ϊ˵ͬеĿһ㣬ɽһ𸲸ס
˹Χǿȣɾɲ
˵УҲôƽǾκ˴˷
˭ʥһôࣿѾһˡԵԽ͵ķ룬ȻԵɣ
ˣһҪҳ
ɽ£ĺˣӸԼžķʽѸٻ۹
ԶԶذУмӰһ㣬Х
˵Ŀ̨꣬
̨ѾΪĽ㣡
֮ǰ̨ȻҲĽ㣬ЩĶǿ߶ԣʼһͶȡɣײˣԵĵط
ڵȴִвͬΪÿ˶̨֪˳ɹջʮöʥɾͲֹǵײˣͶȡˣ޿ɿܵĪջ
κˡκǿ̲סˡ
ڹ˽ˣ
ϾõôʥˣԼһôҲĲôʥѾȥˣһǵΪûеõĥõԼ֮ǰֱӶǿߣԻ㡣
ΣҲҪһʱĥϡ


427 ûˡ
Ϊ˶ȻӵеԪΪʵȴȫӦã޷еľܣֻҪֱΪҲ൱ĸ߶ȣ纮ѩǳԪƷչƷ죬֮ܽƣɱֻ֮δܱܿ˶շɰˣ
ڵǰʱ䣬ǸոշùʥûзʥǴҵĻᡣֻҪҵˣֻһöʥҲĪ컯
һǲðȥ̨ĵϻȡ֮
⻹ֻ˽ڹԣиǹǶࡣ
һȡôʥʮԪ֣񲻵ͬһԾʮλӵеԪ۷ʵĸ֣
ô
ʲôԵֵ
ĴܹʮԪ۷ǿ𣿣
ʵ԰£Ժɨ
ڴλ׵ǣҲǲԼƤӵ·ġ
˵ˡ֮ǰ˵ҵ˵ĻֻҪ仹ûʥ޵йЧ֮ǰУôӵеʥԼ֣ܹӵͳһĵ̣
ΪߣҲǷ֮ף
Ƕ䷨򶥼ǿߣҲһսݣ
ʱ䷨Ȼһˣͬʱ϶ͬǿߣֺܲܣ
ͬͬеõ˸ȡʥϢǣڵһʱ̨
ʱ׿ջ𱬳ҵ̨ԼΪĳǱǰƵĳ
ӽٶȻص̨ı˶ˡ
Ӱĳĳܣ˼Ѿ𾪵˶µĵز
֮ڣϹʮһֻôʧӰ١
֮ڣ˵Ĵţֻع򱻽Ӵֻһⷵعĵʱ䣬ʮһδʧʱȫҲδһʱ䣡
һˣδζˣ
Ǽ˹ˡ
ζʲô
ִʲô
һΡ
ղвʲôûУĺӰһ𽥵ںлֳǾɲԳڴѯһӰ
ûУΪ˵أǸʵʵҡҡͷַʵ
һǿϢĺӰЩľȻ͸оϺģֻһ׾Թ϶쳣ʵڣʵ顭
ǿϢûиɣĺӰ֮ԱǣĵطôܳʲôǿϢżȻ·ЩӣʵʵҲδؾͱǿĶ࣬η嵽ôеϢòã
ǸоĺʵڣǲһϢӦ˵һƣһһľӸ£Է߹һ˲赭дᣬ˵˶Էǿ󡣡ĺӰһ³ȥ
ȱԼŻԼ˺òáĺӰһ£ȻҲ˵ЩǹӵǼһȷʵɣʵδؾͺܸߣٲڱǿ̫࣬һ£ȻǿǼǿżȻǸСλ棬Ȳ˵˼ܲƵֻ˵Сλ棬ܹܵǸȼĴ˵㲻죬ҲһҶĿˣ
һ仰ȴǾˡ
ĺӰʱȻ򣺡԰Сλ棬ôôǿĴڵ٣Ǳǿ̫ĴڣǸСλȷʵܸɣȷʵ̫ˡ
ŶôԼԼղǷҶȥˡĺӰЦ
ұߺӰۼߺӰŪԼĵķˣǹӵߣʵԾɲСҸղᵽǹϢֻ˵ƣʵ飬Щȴҵ룬֮ǰҲܣܲ
ұߺӰԿȻЦ˵ĹϢƵ˵Ҳԣһֽʽ½ǱߣܿǳһšһؼǣٶȼΪר񣻸ҵԻ˿ĳţһЩ̰Ҫһô࡭
ô˵ЩϾ½λߣһöֻعѾǼޣȷʵЧһ٣ٶĻȡǲֻ֪عЧ԰ɣȻǿߵԣȻΪ̫ǿߣȻС̫ˣߵĺӰ
мڴˣڷҪúõؽǵĹӿɲƾһСžͿȥģӲʲô˶ܻȡģǿԵˡֹ̰ǾȡеˣĺӰһ˵һ߻ӻ֣Զ֮УַɹһԹӡֵȻ㻹ǵģһ桭
ĺӰԼ۷ͬԵúܵ⣬ˢһ˦㹳ȥ㡣
֤Ԥһ㣬ǽӶصһջ˶ʮνջķᡣ
ĺӰЩͲסҪһֵʱͻȻ䡭
ˢ
Ӱһ֮⣬ĵԾԶ׼ûˡ
һĽջأϹٶ¹βĸ֮󡭡
šˢһûˣ


428 ˽
ĺӰãȻעſյͣ
ڶ̶̵첻ʱǰǰʮ˸Ӳڣһȫһȡġ
ֱһ˼Ľ
ҿҵƶ󰡣զأҶѾôСģôܻᱻȥӶôĹȫɣȫް˿û
ĺӰһͷžžžıһź
ȻҲЩץˡ
治ܲż
ǰ죬˼Ҳʧȥʮһֻعǽ컹һʱ䣬Լһ˾Ūûʮ˶ԣ
ֻΪаһݱغ
ֻعþʮŸӣ˽֮ƽΪһҲʧĶԶѣʣ¾ʮԣȻޱȴǱСġ
ǰʧȥʮһֻع֮УԼģȻһܻԳܵˡ
ټϽղʧʮ˶ԣֿɾͺܿ͹ۣǰǰʮֻعԼһӵʮŶԺòãѾζԼĵһˮ˳һ룡
òã
ҲҸһ㣡
ĺӰעԼͣ˻ҪԣҲԣܿƶԷĵϸ
ɣԼԿֹˮ浱ɵҲŲԡĺӰֻĹЦ㲻ǿ˼Ҫ˼ҺúõĽզˣҲֻҪһѣͿƶԷĵϸˡ
Ӱһ˲ʱšһ֮˾ʹʧӰ١
ȻǸ֮࣬
ˣ
Ҳˣ˶˵ʵֹǸĪ⣬ֱǿŪڹ֮䣬ȻĳλԵʻСλ棬֮ǰĸӦ㶼ģڶʱ֮ڣĲٵˡĺӰ̾˿ȴĿһǵռѷ죬վǲģٴ˦͡
һΣҲǸõ˶ʮԵֻعѾء
һˣ
һˣ
󡭡
ҷ󡭡
֮󡭡
ӰĻ뿪
ȻʱջһٶȴҲʮԹӵĲشۡ
ʧջȽϣֱǳ򱶣
ΪʲôһһξѾõ㹻Ĺˣÿζ˵һεĳԣû뵽Լ̲סԼŪԼĸоԭһ̾ϢԹ԰һʧӰ

һ˵
̨ϵѾ
ֻǷ񲣬ħ
ǰɹȡʥּҲʮһԶѣȻѾһǳ˾ﾪ㤵֣
ȡһȣȴԵѰ࣬ΪȻȡʮһʥ
ǰۺϣ
Ǹʲôأ
Ҳ͵˵Ҳڲ֮ҪȻʮλ޵мĸ֣
ʮ䷨ʱλҲʮѩ磡
һʲôʵأ
ˣ
˭ǸôĲҪôѿҲѿһˣ
˷ŭĸߺ
˵۾ˡ
Ļ⣬ǳ׺˻ôʥˣѾӵ˺εȿֲĳǱҲʮ޵ǿߣֻһͿ׺ɨ˼˵ȣ
ڳкѩֵ伤˭ҪӲ뿪뿪ߣɱ⣡
ѩɡһֱϲȴ˵ȥ
˵е˭Ҳߣ
ԣ˭ߴҾִ
ӵʥΣûԾͻ޵ǿߣ
Ǿǡ
ǣô찡
㣡ѩκƳһ㼲ɳȥһѾסһˣڵӵĹ߳磬ɷ˵һȥֱĵԽѣû˵ǻǰɣܾͲҪ¸ۣĴۣ
漴ͽЯĿռָеĶ㵹˳һء
Ҳ˶ӵпռָ˵ӵпռָĴŵӱȻЩͷĶ˫أ
ϧٶҲˣ
ţûʥѾʲô˵ŵ˵Ͻ̨ΥŹ棬ȻǲТӵܣǴŻˣЩȻ뱾ۣǱһ㱨ˡѩɫٲȻûаľͽȫΪС
ֻҪûʥҲűˡ
˭㺮ѩǵԪƷǿߣ˭㺮ѩȭͷڳأ
㡭ɱ
飬һ
㡭ܣѩٴηɳ
Ŀ꣬ŵĵӡ
ţ׼ȷһ˵ӦȫںǳŵĵӣӶϵںѩ¡
ɼ򵥴ֱһڶΥŹ棬ŻȻŲȫУԻΪ౨꣬뷨ơ


429 £
ǰǼһһ̫࣬ô顭̤ģϵɶٷŵˡ
Ǽһĳ̫ѿˣһôʥǵҲۺòá
Ǿǡʵ̫ˣ
ˣǲأˣʲô壿ǰӰ϶δµһ֡˭鷳˭ظ˵һ䣬Ҹҵģ
ôһ˵˸ӰɥҪ
ΪµһֵıʵʵǺлԼƨġ
ڣûϷˡ
ʥҲٴˡ
һĴԵԵʹ˲棡
զ
ѩѾ˲ۣҶЦߣʵôˣʲôʳô
ȴˣعƣ̨ѾʵΧˣҡȫǵ֡˶٣ҶЦһҪӪƣϯأšͷʮ֮˰˸
ѩ鶸ȻһüңԶӿķ˻һһ
ҿȻ˱ʶɴˣ
Ǻѩ۷ǿߣҲظоֽЩˡ
˶һۣȻͬʱ뵽һص⣺Լǿ߶̨ʵעȣ
ؼԶ׼ȴƫƫԼ˺ˡ
ҶЦҶЦΪ½һͷǻıԼƲԶʤ˴ζı󶯣Ǳʤͷԣһζ̰࣬׺ֵϮٶȣǰ״ӿǰ
ȷʵҴˣǻ裬һζ̰࣬Ȼ̰ĺˣԳϲҡҶЦص̾˿
ʹˡѩҲ̾˿ֵʥһ֮󣬾ͼʱӵ޵еΪ̣ǼȻ׾ٻȡԷǲϵĴӣôܷŹȡأⲢûʲôϵѩƣȻȵڣȻȷ˱˶˲ʥȴѾΪʱӡ
ҶЦЦһ˵ʲôǴġʵ֮ǾѾѳʱ
ѩüȻϴô죿˵仰˿̷ʡʧ󣬲ԣʵڲУǻʥǵΪ̣ȫȫ滯ʥܣΪУνĹڣȻⱩ¶ǵĵƣȫˣΪѣ
ҶЦֻǵ뿪ĻʱߣоԵİտȫˡֻǣ̨ϵˡһҲʣˡ
ʱߣöʥѩתͷǾȺȻ
ںѩѾϾ඼ҪըĶӳ̶ȣҶЦȻ˵ʱߣаȫˣ
з׽ӥǿԮκʱ򶼿ԼʱԶҶЦЦЦ۾̨ϣȴ¶һǡ
ѩԶʱһ漴Цɫȥ
ԽӥľٶԼֻҪգôܹסģһҲûС
һ䷨ⷽҲֻи׾̾ķݣ
Լǰ쳣ϾŵˣȻû뵽һ㣬˻߲֪ǽӥ˭Լȴ֪ģ
Ȼд˺УǣЩֺαǲٷѩϣЩˣѾˡԴǴ̨ʼҲûΪߵĽȡ֮붷־һеϣȫʥ棬֪ϣ΢΢ԿһĻᡱ
ǿȥ֮·޵Сֻʣ°ˡ
Ϊǿߵϣȫöӣ̬ȫ䵽ΪöӿʲôĻɫǣҲжġ
ѩɫ᣺ѱʵϾ˵ˡ
ҶЦЩл̾˿ڿ£ܾһһһδز輺һء
ҶЦͻһתƮƮ𣬴һλһԣ
ҷ׷Ȼͷ
УҶЦգ˵һרڸߴһϢ˴̨˴ʥժȡϢѾ˸ŵע⣬˿̨̣ѾڶʵŰΧȥмѵϣջȥġ롭
ҶЦⷬû˵꣬Ѿһǿдϡ
Ѿİ׳հɣ
ǣʲô쵰˴ʴʡҲΣ
רԪ׵Сɫڳ˭Ϊǿ㶼֪飬˭֪죬˵Σ


430 ͻ䣡ɱ¾
̨ʥ£ѴˡϵڲΧˣЦ
ǴƭǶˣԼݵõʥĻԵɣ
˵Ҳǣ쵰ڴ˿̺Ǿϲ⣡
Ԫ׻ɫȻռԵǲ֪Ѱ·

ұ֤㣡
ˢˢˢһ춯ȻһҶЦ߷ҿҶЦ񣬼ֱͬɱһ㡣
쵰Ȼƾƭ뿪̨
ҵȹУúΧɱ֮
ҶЦЩԼʹ̾Ϣ
һ߳޵ĿһȴֳϣŤͷ̨ϡ
ΣҲȥġ
̬һ㣬ûҪƭǡҶЦһңӴ֮ҲʥˡҲѾûôġ
ȥġ˸ӷŭƿڴУǰνҪΣļһնڽ¡
ȰԼ뿪ҲͰˣҪҲͰˣȻ˵ʥҲûˣ

ԲУ
СʬΣôͷ֮ޡ
ҶЦ״޾޾塣Ȼ£ͷҡͷЦ
ȻҡͷЦʲôĲˣҡźɱķΧУ׻֮©֮㣬ͷܣ̨Ű˵׷ɱ
ȻҪԭЩ˻Ҫȥţȴʥٴν䣬ҶЦֻһԪ׵С飬ֵΪôСɫʱ䣬˷ʥֵܳļʡҪȻҶЦҪӳȥѶعƻҪʮϡ
֪˰ɣѩ֪ʱߣһϷʵĿЩˣ޷Ȱ˵ġǱϣѾȫûˣǵҲû塣
ǻ裬ͬģǣѾǾˡпΪɻȣҶЦɫΡȻ٣ǽȺ룬Ҹط׼·ˡ
ã
ѩҶЦ̣ͬѸʧȺɽ֮С
Ӱ֮УһֵӰ˫ӥһϬĿ⣬עҶЦͺѩȥԳһ£漴Ϣػһ˶ȥ
ˣɡ
ԺѩΪôһϳֵܣ
ôܿ϶̨Ҳûʥ
ǼһΪôͣôܲǰ
йŹ֡
ɱһ򣬲ɷŹһ
ȥ

ȥ֮Ƶĺ˻ջûһس̨¡
Ų֪Ǹ˵һ𣺡ɱȥһҲҪŹ
ͬгѪħǿƳ̨
һΪѪȵɱʹչ
˵ĿܵԼ֮ͬ⣬˿ɱ֮ɱ
ͻıʣɷ˵Ķɱ̨֣ϣ˲ʱң
գգ۵ʱ̨ѾʬҰѪϪȡУȻڵһĴ޲Ϯɱ֮¡
˭
⡭Ǹᡭ
ܶһƴֿͬʱһ߽ĽģԷûаůûаתأûа仯ΨгػѪ顣
Щ˾һԣÿһֶߵþˣЩΪ͵ģҲӵеԪнƷϵΪʵвǵԪ߽߰ƷĶ֣жԪƷΪĳǿߡ
ǿƳ̨ǻȺһ㣬ڵһΧ޲Ϯɱ״̨˷ֻ֮࣬һײȻѪˣ
ˣԭ̨⣬ȫڵóӶˡ
ղǸѾھѴΣ٣Ǵûһ˿ţͷ֪ԷȫȻһƬġ
ԷһƬģȴԼЩ¿ηΣûнֹܲҪ׷ɱ˼ң˼Ҵܡ
ѹȻ١
֪ˣαص
ȫɱˣɱ⣡
Ϊ׵һ˴𵶵̨ΧߴλϣӥһעΧֻһĺУһҲҪŹ
ڳ˵Ŀռװϸϸȡ򲻵©κһ
죡죡죡
ʱ䣬սʱ뿪
һҪʰϸҪ©
գⳡһ浹ɱûгʱ䣬˺󵽵ĺˣ̨κλڣȷ޻֮һɺѸټУ˻ﱳϣԼһսʬͲ֫ϱۡ
Զ׼һҲµġ
мΪߵĺ̨ΧڼٵߣǿʶϸµѰЩߵĿռװȷû©
ٹ֮šߣһ¡
˼ʱһɫϺһӴ̨ϾԳȥ಻ĸĹ˾ټ


431 ˭ɵģ
̨˼ĿѪȣʬҰһ˲пɱȻȥøٶȣ
ʼգΪ׵ĺ˷ʩ֮⣬Ȼûκһзսкɱ֮ȫûУļɣЧʣͬһȺĬħΪɱ¾ɱ񣬼ʱԶ
нֹԳ棬ɣû°غۼ
ݹ·ֳһ㲫˺ĺɫ·ƬҲߣûа
̨ϣֻһƬʬɽѪѪصһĲҾ

ٹһʱ֮зӿԸŵڶˡ
һĵ澡Ǹžͷһ
͸λϣ͸λϣƮƹ¹칬칬ĸ߼ԼڣǳţߴŵҪһһ
ȻǾǵĴǰ޵һĲҾʱԾɲ뵹һ
ȻҶǼ˴棬˵һԿôֵʬ壬뵽αʷʱ֮ݣԼαʿɵӰ죬ĵ˼֮ӣƽһΣ
ϸһ´˵ؿɻлҴô
ڵڻˮ˵
ţ㲻էⳡɵ˰ɣԱߣһȥҲѮңĿǱĵһλˣڵ˼ʬһĶҲȻҪһڳ治֪㵽ûӣ߳ù
ǧҪ˵ʵһ˵Ǵ˼лڣѵҵȾоڵţȻʸڴ㣬ǧڳ˵ͷԸ㻮ȺţԲҪƤǻҪģɹȻһЦֵص㣬ֻ˵ǹؼǵʲô˽ȵǣǰ
ڻ챻һ٣һʱͨѪȴûпڷֻǺվһߣԶ׼˺ٴڻжǵģ
Żг϶վһ࣬Ȼĵǰ鿴ϸڡ
ԷгֵˣȫǸ֣ǱΪԽЩʵսҲǼߣ
߲ʬϵĺۼڣ˿ڣʬྭ̶ܴȣֵˣҲеԪƷϵĳ̶ȡ
ֵЩ뿪ʱ䲢˿ڻѪֹʬϻһ¶ȡ
̨ϵʬ֮һҲеԪϵʵôԷ֮Ҫô̵ʱȡսҪǧԪƷϵĸֲõ
̨ۼ֮ˣʵ֮ˣ֮˶뻹ƵĵԪ߽ߣҪֹһλľƷǿߣܹô̵ʱγ˹ս
С¾ɱ֮󣬻ڳϵĿռȫˣҪʱ䣬ҪЧǻ˵ֻ»Ҫټһǧһǧ
ܶʬϵ˿ϳֳжļǵԼΪγɵ˿ڣж󡣡
ڱϵĶͨǣٶ˶ңѪûпɹ׷ѰĿܷ򡣡
ųϵ߶׷룬һϣһΡ
ͨʽνĶ
쳣˵ظ֣ٿȥɱˣ𾡼ߣ¿νɾ䣻Ψѵصĳǿʵ
һƲ⣬λܡ
ƲܵɫԽԽÿ쳣ĳء
ԷʲôˣʲôۺʵȻǿʢ˹
ڴ˵صߣߴ֮⣬칬һҲڣ򶥼ʵȫεɱ϶ϷǰΪ
֮Щ֮⣬һǿ֮İ
Ƿɫ׵ĳȥöЩˣ֮ǰȻûΪκˡκ
仰ڳʳġ
Ŀ⣬ҲһĿȥ
˵ɫ𾪺Ȼ
ǰһڳ֮⣻ȻôӴڣ
κ˶֪
Ǻεȿµ飿
ӿµǣ˴ɱѾȫսֻǲʵϣǰߣΪǺߣĿ³̶ȣľˣ
Ƭ֮󣬺һڳڵߣõһЩϢĽ֮УһǳŹֵ쳣Ӵ¸Ī⡭
ˣǵ֮УһָҲǵʥĵһλߣµһ֣ʼԪĺˡ


432 ˮ棿
ȻҲǺţݶԿƽǰȴǲад󣻲ƽġҲã̬ȸǷŵü͡
ĿһŶ˽⣿
˵Ŀ⣬ʱˢˢתעϣҶЩ֣ôشϢҶ֪Ϊһߴ֮м׵ȴƺ֪Щʲôӣ
״Щˡ
һнԵʻᣬ¹شʼҲûеõκʵ֤ݣԾȡˣԲûд¡̾˿ǰڼر¼һ½֮ˣӽҶ
ͷˣ˵˵ʳ˽㣬ϧ첻ˣһ֮ţеزۣϧ̾
ɭڻǳŵȻɨ˹ȥ˱öһͨ졣
¶һ˿֪ǺζЦݣֵ£Ǵ¼Ǹ֮ӵĹ˹۲һЩֱ±ŷһЩߡ
Ǵ֪֮֮УȻһʵֲİ
콫Ǹ֪һЩ򵥵ؽһ£ؽ飬ѵڶֵòˣ֮Ϊɱ֣ʹɱѻ֮ٵˡ
ɫԽԽѿ̲סŭ𣺡аڣɥоڴ֮ǰȻûκ˲
Ҳδû˲ϧЩ˵ˣ붼ѾˡǴΡǳǺӸ񣬹۲ϸ£ǰٶƱϤһ۵Унң
̾ϢչƷǰԮִݻϢȻºҲΪ֮ľս˳ǺӣʱգȻԴʣȴڱС˵Ĺı֮УǱŶԲǺӡ
ŶۺʵߣԷͼ֮ʵ֮ǿ֮㣬֮ڣԼֶֿεĿ£ǣݵˮ©ıܹǿɾɲ֤ǾһǿȻ
ݹȻĵǰŸһ󵨵ۣԷһʼĿֻ꣬¾򡭡֯ĴڣҵΪ֮ȴʼһ֪ǵǰӿ¡֮صĹؼ
̨ͻȻʮʥĴ¼̰֮֯ģôĶ֪Ĵڣֻ»õȥ
첢ûж˵ϸڣҲֻ˵˼Լĸпͱտڲˡ
Ϊ֪Լ˵һУѾ㹻
ҶҲû׷࣬ڣǳŵʲôѾǹȥֻ֮˽𣬲ʵڴ˿ƣؼǣҶû䣬ҶǱƮƹˡ뺮ͬһսߣ¹ӳ֮£Ѿ졣
עĿ֮أΧѾɢڶڶ½פ룬ҶҴҶЦʵҶϢ޴ڣȻ£Ҫһǵȫ壬ͽͣ
ľϢڳ˵ɫǱѿȵ
˵Щ֯Ŀ³̶ȣֹǡǿ־Ϳݵ˵أѾبδǿᣡ
Ŀ˭૵֯Ҫӵ൱ģĸ߽ս֮⣬Ҫг򣬲γƺǱҪңȳʵĹģĶǿߣֻȲֹһˡҲˣࡱ
һ˵ҪάϵԼضȣճҪķѵĲ֮Ӵ󡭡Ҫֱ鲼УܸɵܹУΣܹô겻¶ţףԣ֯µĲƷУҲҵҡһ򶥼̺ŵļſԸ֮
ֻ֡ѵɱ֣Ѿʮˣôǿ϶ѵɱֻ֡ɱ֣Ѿжˣ
ҪȷɱֵжһʧؼһǱɱֲŻҪǿϽ鱨šǸ鱨ţҪˣ
Уе֮ǰѾгЩ˵֮⣬ģ㲻֯ĺĲ㡣
֯ĺĲ㣬һ߹ɣ
һĲͷֻ²ڡɫԽԽʱ򣬲ڶȻ˵һ򡭡
й桭
СôһӴ֯ҪִãִãҪ֣ҪжĸרŸ𡭡
֯ͷ¾Ͳ򣿡Լһɫ˲һ󷢰ףްѪɫ


433 ׷٣Ի
ʵֹڳţϣȫɫһ䡣
һǰδе𺧸УȻӿͷĪ
ڳλǸ֮е̳βȸһл߱ˣҪô֯ҲҪ굽һǧ׼ĥʱ䣬ˮĥȿĹ裬ֹǿɾɲѡ
һλôһƤӵˡϵ¡ЩڼȻһдСλߣȴȫȻȻ֪ȡе˺ˣ
ЦһĿ⾫Ŀˣǰ״ڿЦˣѾൽȵزˣһģѵ涼ϺͿˣ
Ÿ߲㾡ɫѿһʻȴ˭Ҳ޷
ȷôһȻôãԼЩ˾վ˵ĳڣǲʵ鱨Դȫ˵ģʲôҲû
һҪһ£
Цţڡ̨Ѿ˼ѪֻҲٵն㹳Ҳ˵ʥӴ˾
Ǹʥ˶ǲĻڶһƬʬ֮С̾ϢһЩʥ϶ЩߵĿռ֮С
֮λ鷳ˣ
ⷬһŴը
ۣ
һôֲٻôʥôʲôǻ˵
Ѿʵǿ˹֯һκ֮棬һͳָտɴ
˱Ҫһˡǽ⿪ǰֵΨһҲ뱻ƣ³֮еĻĿ֮£ϵ˵˵زԶ֪λûȤƼ
ˣԸڵ̸
һڣҪȥʶʶ
룬ڳ⣬ȫǷǳʹһڴӦ
Ͼÿ˶úܣĻҲûΣһˮ棬ԼΪڶʥΪս֣ȴǴҪͬԵǰδеΣ֡
һθ㲻õĻҲ˵ʲôƣҲδؾʮʤ㣡
ڴǲŽһ£Σ֣߲֮򣬶ΪǸ֯ū
Ӵˣ򽭺ıһͳ
˶ӵһȺȺһ¶ԲߣȻǴбҪ
ĹڣҲҪʱ¡
֮һ֮£ɽȥ
˾üͷ壬һɫ
٣Ҫˡ
ڻˣҲʱЦ˼飬ȫԣ¡
ίʵµԡίʵѾǣȥ˼㣡
ﵽ˵ߣ
Դ뿪̨֮ҶЦһֱһᣬýӥ뿪̨Ƿ֮ԽԶԽá
ǣͷȴʼһĪơ
ƺͷϵ˿ҲûΪ̨нԶԽԽԽԽĺ
ҶЦ֪ⲻǴԼʵ򼴱ʢ֮ʱ൱Ĳֱֻ࣬ȴԹھ˿Ա⣡
ôԷ˭أ
ҶЦп˼⣻Ȼʱʲô˿ûпȻҲͲȷԷʱ֣ҶЦĵȴѾһð˳
ߣҲֻ˲
ҲΨˣܹγԼ˹͵񾭶Щܲסѹ
䷨
һ֣
ֻȴûϹĵһˣҶЦǼɵģν˵Ӱ䷨Գô꣬ɣ
ҶЦǵԪƷǿߣȻҲ֪֪֮䷨֮УʼվԼ䷨ദͬһλףȻУһƴ֮
ʱգҶЦ;˽Խ࣬ڸʵʵ˽Խ֪࣬η֪о壬Ҳ˵쵰įԴռǿߣҲλ䡢׹ӡܣ򷶳ڣԼǰΪѾ۷߲ζۣԼǲԶ
֮ǰĿϷŪѩϷͯһ⣬֤̫̫࣡
ѩͬԪƷ򶥼ǿߣǶûа㿹أߺѩǰ֮ЦҪԲ֣ҲôֶѣҶЦʣЦԲȺѩǿ٣ǵಫͶ·ôĴ
ڶϵģȴ֮ϵ䷨ҶЦĵܵ޾޾壿
ȻѾµĵ˭ҶЦеΣȴ˿ûмᣬԽԽأܵǰѾ˱ΧΧľ棬ȴ˸ΣյΣ֮У
еĵ˵ǰûκζӲ֪Էʲôط
ҶЦ֪ڣ
ң״̬ĵ˲µģΪԷѰѵĳʱֻҪԼһ¶ʲôţͻһ
һȻԼǰ۷ʱ̣ҲֵסֺѩҲԶԶв
Ծֻ֪Ҫʥܿ޵Уܿ족ڵǰǲģΪԼ̷һ˲Ѿ㹻öԷɱԼһǧ飡
ԼһǵҲˣȴ˵ػкѩһͻƱǣԼĺֵܣѩ
ңӲܾ壬Щֻ̬Լľήң޼£Ψ跨ͻǰΣ֣ν跨⶷ǶȲɵУô
ϾΪ˵ҶЦ֮ǰЦǶನƹ˼
ҶЦԳĬؼǰӣѩߣͬĬɱ
ҶЦṦȻƾ˵ֻõԪˮ׼ȻȫҲ޷뺮ѩ־룬ϾѩͬṦƣ˼㣬Ӧ
֣˵ʥҶЦʲô޵ͣһ£˾ܹ޵𣿡
ҶЦŵúᣬ쳣ƽֻ˵ƽͣȫһ뽭ˣĳܹΪ񻰵ʵĺ档
ֻ˵Ҳ˵ǣĳû
ѩԼһûṦѵ˵ã֮ĲΣû׼͵õʺ
ѭͷʱȴҶЦǺ棬ȻУȴںѩ˲伫һɫ
˵˽ҶЦˣȲǺ쵶Ҳ嫺ľӦ˼㣬ͺѩ
ѩ˼Ȼ֪ҶЦô˵ڣȴ˲ֻб±ŵЦҪ˵ֳ뽭С治֪ߵغ񡭡ʥûĹЧѵĽ֣һĶɵ˲ɣûǵ죬ΪʦԪһͨ쳹ΪӺζ䷨ΪܹΪµĵһˣΪʥ
ҶЦԷǰУĬ˰Σƺ仰ݣú̾˿ʮöʥҲ󣬷һöͺð
㡭ѩĵƲ죺ǵȹ屦ֵõ㡭ҿСӱһǰ϶ͦϣ
̾һ⼸ǹǰӰƵƵ֣˵⣬ǵҿȫעΪȫóˣʶӦǱ鲼⣬ȴûзκη֣ȻҲ֪ǰӰĳٶȶ϶ϷҿɼԼԹ۲ֹ켣ַܿδزܸƣȡʥǰӰٶʵ̫ˣνʯ𡢰׾Թ϶ֻ¶һ
治֪ǵӰȡʥģ侹˾٣ɾɲ
ɣһ䷨Ҳδ٣
ѩҡҡͷѹһ߷ӣһ˵͵üš
ȻӰһֱҶ˵Ǹȴüͷһ壬仰˵
γȫ¶棬һûв׽ӰκϢ
ͻȻһɻѵǡǣ
ҶЦǰӰȻһλľ֣䷨Ҳ죬ⱾǵƵ
ߣС֪ʲô˵νһϵСӢۣǰӰٶȣ򣬶϶ûܹﵽ䷨У˾͸ӲСѩһ
κ˶𣿳̨İӰô˵ҶЦʵ
šѩ˼β˵ۣұΪƽĶۣҵıʵԪƷ壬Ƚ䷨ˣһңɼĲ࣬ΨṦһž࣬һ̫ԶȻȴǵӰƶ켣ȫ޷׽Ѿӡ֤ˡ˵ܹǿﵽǸεĻô£Ҳֻˡԡ
ˣ˭ҶЦʵ
һȻڵµһ֣䷨ѩͷҡͷ䷨Ҳûôġ
ӰĺӰȻţţѩÿһ仰
ȻֻˣȻǴ˼ˣһ˭أѵƮƹҶЦʡ
ôϵ䷨֮£䷨УӲС˵һǵ֮ΨһȽаտǸˡѩ̾˿˵˾ǵõʥĵһˣԪϵ˼䣬ôжʥ˽⣬ǺпĪķʽټʥ


434 ܳԣ
ҶЦһ㶣βŵ˵Ŀǵ׸ջʥߣʦԪĻᳵ·ֵǿԽܣ˵𡭡
ѩٺһЦԪǲˣ˭֪ϾֻǴ˵ȴ֪һ¡ǾǺų޵е䷨ûҹ
ҶЦһ¡
ӰУӰüͷԾϢĳβ档
УȻһֻ֮ɫˣȴԲʹ˷
̬Ծɼᶨ
ҶЦΣ̾һţԼ뺮ѩӰۼⷬԴκһ˵񼣬βǸ˾ȫȻΪ
Ϊʲô
ѵԷԼɵǸ
֣֪ǷоãǵȡʥİӰЩأҶЦ˵Ƕתͻ֮⡣
ѩһˮһӵĲ⣬ȴҪŵͷ¶ҪץƵ˵ֹǹ졭ôٶȣ̤ģ
ҶЦһƹһôɱǰһ֣ŵͷܸоǵӰЩͬѰȴ˵ﲻѰֻùݡ
仰Ծͻ𣬺ѩ˼βǸҲ͵һͬϸϸ˼ǵӰʲôأֻѰĵطأ
ˣǵӰ˼άڿʼҶЦƵĹ켣ˡ
ҶЦڿռмٵѯʶھͳʥҵĵԪľָܹԭΪһ
һͬʱ˸ۡ
ʥߣȷʵԼʱԪ۷壬ӹɣ߱ľĥԽߣӦʱȻҲԽ̣ڣûϵľҲû£ֻԲһѣеȱȫ覴õΪʥͬơֻع̲ħԡҲħͷû飬ȴΪ߳׼޵ĸԭڡ
ҶЦüţΪ׼ޣ˵ǵԪ۷𣿡
ʵǸص㣬صֻعòãǹ̵ħԣ᳹Ӱߵǡʹڲ֪Уħ˼άȥ£ΪħӹⱾħͷֺħֵһĹӶѡҲǵҽеֻعȫʵԭˣΪôСǼΪӾͻٵ
ҪȻĹΪħ磿ȴûȵط
زŪŹӡ˵޶Щƣһ֡㻹ҶҿĶ˼
ɶףʵǲܳԵģ
ҶЦ֮¿ǳԾС
ҿѾò׸㵽ʥȻǲܳԵģ
ѵŪộֻܿãôʲô˵أ
ѽһָֻţ
ô͹ܿܳˣ򷨣бףзƣֻҪҪħĶȻȥɣֻȡ
ⶫ鷳Ҫʱ䣿Ϊһˣغܸܿ㶨ɣҶЦϣʵ
ľ־緢Ļش𣺡ʲôˣȻܸ㶨Һܸܿ㶨ֻҪʱѣܿɣܾϲɣ
죡
죿
ʱƽĶۣĲѾܿˣ
ǡҶЦһЩֻҪΡ
ѾľȻ졣
̡ܶܿʱޣڵ·Ǹ˾Ĵ𰸺òãȻ˼緢־
ҪǲΪħӹھͳԣ˾ܼʱΪԪ۷ڣѡȨԼϰҵ˴ˣźӣѩ׵СצЩľ˾١
ҶЦʶʹ˰ܱ˳ռ䡣
Ȼ¼Ȩһ˵ҶЦԼתأңԼܲ˲ƺ۵ķֻعǰΣ֣ɸݴ˵ֻعЧȻͼӰǿ֣䷨һֻعɾ͵ˣǸЧδسˣкѩԼðշֻعһɺѩô죬Ҳһ˵Ĵ֮·ͬһеزۣ
ԣ̷ֻعαʵķʽ֮ѡǵȵ˵
˼ʣҶѾԶ̨֮߰ңȻ׷ŵˣͬƹ֮һ㣬ĵˣ˸ţԭļȶٻӥͬʩС
Ϊӥ£ԼѾ˶Էĵ֮
ôĽأ
֣ôԶˣǲǿϢһˣҶЦѡһҰտĵطߴλúܸɴͣ˽Ųôһ·ˡ
ѩһ˿ɣȻǰΣδ⣬Ϸ뻹Ҫȥ
ҪȻô·Ī˵ԼҶЦҲᵱ£ôأ


435 ߶
һ·˴˽ĵģɽ֣ڰʾ˿Σֻ¶ɱ֮ȻѩʼûвһԼγɱ٣ΪڴˣѩŸ־壬֪η֪˷־壬Ȼ֪Σڲ࣬ȴ֪Σܵʲô̶ȣֲģΪΣлὥнޣ޷Ŵ
ѩʾˡ
ڣѾľսεѣ겻塢ˣƫƫװ¡
ô벻ɣѩȻһٷ磬У˵ݼɣ
ۺòãҶЦóˮңںˮղҴ˵ʲôΣ٣㲻ó棬Ҹ˵һİѾΣգ˵ҪҪٻȥһΣҲǱߵսѾءսսᣬ̨ٵʱʥõʱ𣿣
˵ʱҶЦ۷Ź⣬۾ϣĹʡ
ϷҶЦͻȻ⡭һ԰˵÷ʽ
ɶȥѩ°ͼ
иɻ󣺱˲֪һ֪ʥ񲻶ĿڴػҪȥϴϷݼҲ̫˰ɣզһĺۼûأѵϴǴ˵еݼɣ
˵ҶЦܸɴ೤վ𣬺غ˷ܵ˵ߣͻȥԵȻ춨δزȡ
ѩ̾ɣңҲȥˡ
㲻ȥŰɣҿ϶ҪȥġҶЦᶨ˵ҼһõĻᣬǴΣֻҲûлʥĴûԵˣ
ѩ̾ϢβŵСһһ˵գͷɥĸҶЦ棬ȴֵѵǷѾģ֪񾭡
ҶЦһЦ֣϶ǲǷҵģʦиչңһ治֪ʦʲô飿ǷǷʦأ˵˵𣿡
ѩӼ͹
ҶЦһδβ˵ʣÿÿͻͻǺѩҶЦ֮Ĭ赺ϡ޷졢Ǣ޼ĵزֻ¶ˡ
˵ҶЦݼɣѩҲǣѵλ½Ӱۣ
ѩܹݼˣҲصǿҴ̼ϾһֱڣǸǱڵԾǰоûУʵúѩܵеĵ˾Ծµļ֮һ
ѾôԸԼˣԪ伣ôֻһˡ
䷨
һ뵽֣ѩҲ̲סһȫ䡣
ΨһһɻȴǡǸ˶ԼΪʲô
ѵǻԼʥ
Ϊβ֣ܲҶЦ˵Щܴĳͼɣ
Ȼܡ
Ϊʲô
ٺߺ߹ӦѩţȴأԲһ䣺ȥȥɵС£ǱҲкܴǸƣΪһжȫΪҪҪǸֱӴ·
ȻҵСѵһ᲻ϧҶЦͷӦǡ
ˣҶЦѩȻѾԼĻ˼
伣ǱٵĺӰüͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿ˾Ȼ۷һ·Сߣһʱ䣬ȴҲеˡ
ԼṦΪǻҲܹᷢԼұ˴˻ôԶľ롣
ôˡһûзԼĴڣôͷתأ
⵽ô£
˵ĻҲһͦеǣԪƲ⣬ߡϼһû
оǡʥ̨ѾһҲûˡ˻ȥͦпܣ
ҶЦڻطһ·һֱ룬ҪôѺߵǸѥأ
׼ȷһ˵ӦôһԼȥأ
Ϊβ߸ʵǿжֻЧ
ķʽԼ˵Ѿǽʾֶ֭ˣòЧء
ôһ·ϣǸһʼվôţ룬ꣻһҲżȻһֱԼҲ벻һ㡣
ҵǣҲһֱû־ǡ
ۼ޽⣬ҶЦٰ޼֮£ҲֻһһһֱôţҪܸʲôʱȥȵ߻̨Ǳ߿϶кܶˣһǺܶˣǿǿ棬ʱʱңδû֮ٱǿжʮҪõö࡭
ȷʵûֻعʥˣĪ˵ˮ׼ʵǿ׹ӡŮλߣܿƱ޾ռ䣡

һ档
Ⱥɽ֮䣬Ӱ缲һ㼱ݣֻ˻ѪȻƲᡣ
Ӱ񻣬һϮ£ֻڣԭʤѩİȾʺѪɫֻǲ֪ԼĻԴڵˡ
ټһ£ͿҪˡǾͰȫˡǰһӰɫɷףһֲֻһӰ


436 ʦͽ
ʦӰ˵㻹ǷҰɡôңֻᡭһ𡭡
ǰӰӹһ˿Ťıˣ漴Ŀᶨҵӣʲôʱ򡭡Ҷ㣡
һҲһ𣡡
仰˵
Ӱۿͨ죬ҧٶȷɱȻƶٶЩ
ȻΪǰһӰĻ־ȻͬͬѰĪľһŬ
ˣǾΥı˳ʦͽ
Դӻع֮˳͸һ޿ҶЦΪ˹Ĺ֮˳Ϊνһǧ١
ǰƣƮƹټΪĵر˳߲ܣֻҪǹģֻҪܹõֵģͻʹã֮Ϊ
ڶ̶ʱ棬ȻΪһ·ԪƷ
ⲻ۲۵һ޴漣
ǧҪɣҲҪҶЦı̬ᲢۣҶЦʵǵԪ壬ľ棬ȱصԪ۷֮ǰͲνľͣٶȲ˱ֻ̬߸ɴ˵죡
˳˹ٵõ֮⣬ֻһϼѵͨˣ̶Ľȣһ·Ԫϵ漣NҵҶүȫͬն
ȫƴƴ漣
»Ҳ˱չ״̬ͬû˹֮֮ǰѹƵΪһӷ״̬һٳƵԪƿ˵ԪƷ۷ĲΡ
ԱµгɾͣһεĺԪƷ۷λԵͣ;εĺһԽ̫죬̫࣬޹ǣͬľĥµƣڽԪ֮ǣƽۣԪƷ۷Σǵǰʵ״̬
ʱʦͽ˸Ե;ͻ֮࣬õʱһۻ״̬һ滺Ϣ״̬ݽϲʦͽԾǺ棻ż棬ҲǺ߹Ӧѣ˴˹ﶼ׶ԷΣ޻˵˼
Զ˴˼صýأģκ֪ǶԷ
ü֮һ޵ԼԼ˼ȴʼջ֮ȥ
ҶǿĴŴƮƹʦͽ˾ͲԼͬ϶ǸҶȻҶЦ
ʵ֤ˡ
ǽͬҶ˺ǽȻҶһ·ɱҶһع麮֮ܰ㣬𡭡
ڳӵϢ֮Ů׺䶥ȴֲòţΪֶɱǸҶڡǳ£ƴ˾٣ݣҶܲأ
Ȼ֮ϳȥһˣ֮ĳī´Ҷҽ
ⲻŮһ˿ϣΪҶЦҶүл񹦶ŹٵԹ֮⣬һûеܹͣƷʵĳܸôĳ´ôɣ
ţַӿĩҵҶͻȻţˡոմ½ҶҲ֪ôξͳμˡؼǣ뵱ЦҶЦͬҶǸҲؼˡǸţԵɺϵذ˺̫ϳǽ
뺮ͬһߣƮƹˣ¹һȫȻ˼ŵ¼
Ȼһеıʣʦͽȴ֪ıԴͷȻ۽һϣ
ҶЦ
Ȼ֪ĳʮа˾û䣬񣬵Ծɡ
˳ЩҲЩĳһ죬ʦͽ˲Լͬ˸ȫϲ̨Ľڣɢġ
ֻλαװߣȫûݼⷽԣһ·òɽˮʵ£Ȼ⣬ʵÿ¡续ɽζʱ⣬ȻȻˮǧɽԾɴɢ
˳С飬Ҫȥȥ棿˵Ǳ߷ⲻף
飬»ıԾɫȻ޲ΣãŰ˵ȻⲻףǾȥǱ߿ɢɢġ
بԽ¼ĿɽˮⲻƣʵѸ
̥ʦͽ˴˼ĿһȻѸΣһ·ߵû˶ûãĳĻο˵УǱ˴֮䣬ָζԻ
ֻһУûһоڲС
ӦһоУ
Ȼԡ״̬ȴھһɽʱͻȻ֦ڣ٣
˴ʵ
ŮǱŶһ²һµ뷨Ҳûôֻ·ҲͰˣƹĴȻ߳£棬ȴͬƹ˶
ʼȭͷ磬㱳˵ãһ׵ģʵվҪԿģºҳӣǵȴҪùģһ𣬾ʦΪ𣬵Լӣѩ޶һ˶ʲô壿
ѵþ⣬㲻£ȴƫƫǵͷϣգҹֻȴ˴ۣ쳣ĺƴ
Щεĺƴ󣬶ŮҲûʲôǴЩ֮佻ֻƬУȴòǣ浽Ҷң
ҶҶң


437 ײƼı
¹ҶңŮȻ֮
һʱ֮£اŮȻβǰȥ֮ȴ֮еأȴû뵽ײһı
һҶҵıɱ֣
ɱڵǳŵļ֣ıǰ򣬾ȻҪٶҶӵеĳӶ֮󣬳ĨȥҶҵĴڣ
ϢŮܹ̣Ȼ
Ӳȥ
ȥźȻ֣ıԵìͷȻҶЦ
ԭֻܵΪҶͷѾ֣һֶοԶƣҶЦҶںΪĵӵ飬ǰͬҲѾΪ֪
ؼǣҸҲաǳŽЩסˡ
ҲۺѾաǳĻȻҶЦ/Ҷ˸ǸԻɱ֮ȻԾɲ֪ҶôӳٵģֻҪһҶЦɾͣһᱨôʱںɱ飬Ȼᱻ
ҪǸʱ򣬺Ʈƹ¹ֻҪ΢֧һ£һʰޱȵĴ
鷢δȻ
ںǳıԽҶֱӲˣֻҪҶһҶЦ˱㼴˲ʱ߽⣬һݣ󻼡
ֳĸıŮñķ
Ҫ֪ͨҶңӦ˾ֶԲߡ˳ļ١
ǰӣſѾƻʵʩѾʼʵʩˡֻǻҲ֪ѾһֵزǰһˣҲֻж֮еһֶѡ
ôأ
ƻĿǰѾʵʩʲôز̶ˣ
Ůǵ֮
飬ڹ˽ΪΪŮ跨ӦȻŮ׼뿪ʱȴǳ˴ҹǰμۻ᣻Ů߲Ÿոմϵӣδʱߣȴ˷ָţ
ԶһЮ׶ոٽ䵽ԺϿյʱֵ˳ʦͽһ˲
һ̣˫ɫˣ
˭Ҳû뵽ôɣô硣
ţмϸ͵˴һ˲άԭ֮ƣǿ䳤ʣ˸Уű¶˵ͷӭϳ˹ȥ
°һƬ⣬˼ȴǱսΣ˿ɣ彣һ㣬ȷصڶԷĽϣȻ˫ʵһ˲ֱֻؿڶȻһƣǸУ֮ʵȻڱ֮ϣ
ұӦ٣һ漴ѽһ³ȥƵ˳ƮƮУͬһշԾһӲƴ֮ȻƮʮ֮Զ㼴漴񱼣ȥ
ǾֻһжĻŮҪѾ£Ȼ˵ıʵҪ߳һṦΪȴղһƴ֮䣬Ѿ̵һξ룬ŮǶ·ǰ˾׷
Ǵ˿Ҫ׷Ůľһ˵ŮλδüɣѾѶƼһ׷˹֮٣ǿþˡ
׷˵ɫԵмЩܻӡ
Ͼı֮£ԵĶ󣬿ɲôڴ֮ǰһҶңȻʲô£¶ڣҶѾΪ󶥼ʵѾʵϵһ
ҪһϢ汻й¶ȥںǳȴţҲǾԵĳܲ
Ů˵غƮƹˡ
׷ɱ֮УһȻһС
ɫʱתΪɷף
Ʈƹˣ
ڣƮƹɲҶҵ֮һԼҶҵļƻȻȴƮƹȥˡ
Ҫ鱻ƹ߲֪ˣ֪
ֱӼֱһѣ
Բܷ뿪һɫɷףĿȴ¶һĹâϵĺȵϧһдۣҲҪɱŮˣ
´˳ͷɱ޼β׷ɱŮûκʱκǷ򣬾ֻƾűһɾǰ塣ƹṦ򣬰ȺףǱŮ񹦣죬˿ֻͱ׷ˣ
һ׷˵ĽǾǶ޽ң
ŮоһƬӾ
һζԴĴʽʵ̫çײȴֲòϣһҲʵ̫ɣֱͺһ㣬֪˵ֻ˵ôùײˡ
ƫƫطȶĿĵ򣬽ңɼƮƹͬҲǱ޳Ī
߲ͷ߿ϣ
ЩܹṩӻԮҲȫûС
ȫȫͷβĹ¾ս
׷ɱȫǿ쳣ѸٵĻԼǿ֧ģˣ˶Ѿǳ൱صơ
˳ϵء
ڸ𣬱нҲһơ
Ѿȥʱѣĵز


438 ô
ۼ׷ٶȽӽȫ׵һѪ߷Ǳ˳һзɹʹԼ˵ľ롣
ºε̬ʵ̫ˣȻֽ׶׷ɱԼʦͽģֻһЩԪƷĸ֣лԪСɫ
ȻʵҲǻҶҵĲʹȻԶԶʸųֵĵز
Ȼھ˵ǰ̬֮ǳŵĸȴҲסˡ
Ȼ߶
Լʦͽɱʬ𼣣һдںۼ
ΪһӣҲ򲻸Լʦͽ̬ϢصƮƹ
£ǰһʱò±º˳ŮĻǡʱпϵ̫Ļôɵĳ֣ţϣ̫ϳϣԻ棡
֪һȥԼûҵ㹻ǿԮֻ˵Լȥһ԰ȫĵطĻôԼ˳ľֻ·һˣ
ҲǱԼصʱԾȻȻضȼǱļֶΣٶԽ޵ĳ̶ȣ
ǰƶٶȣǱ״ٵ߱ϣ
Ӱʹһš
׷
β׷һ˵Ⱦ۾ΣƴҲˣ
Ѷţ֧Ԯһʧ
ڣ
ԣڣ
֮ǰһЩ±֪Լ˰²뷨Ѿǳ׵ĵȻ޴ˡ
ͷΨһеģǡŮˣԲܻš
ʵ̫ء

¡
оĨȥѪϵ˳ĵʵ
š˳͵͵һ۾ʦû¡ǣ
һʱܵŵڡüͷǵʱֻ²ˣԻָתǾҪ뿪
˳ȫɵиһ֣Ƭ̲Żʦһ¡
ʱҪ˵ϻץʱҪºܸɴüһӴƵʣϣܹ˳Ƴת
֪ܲ˳˼Ҫ˵ʲô
Ҵ˿Ҫǲ˵ֻ¾ûл˵ˣ˵ɣ˳ͻȻһץס˱µ֣˿ʦҪǲӦңҡĿ
±۾ΣſԼĻǾͲҪ˵ˣͽ˷ѿࡣ
˳˵ʦھ˹Ҫǲߣǡˡ
һû˵
ʦ˵һֻᲽʮ֣֮Ī㵥ߣһҸԷͶֻҪɹˣڶԷУԷֻΪ룬ἴʱ˳
˵է֮еϸһҲ˵ֻ㣬ⷬ˵ʣԼôԼţνٶ˵³ʵ
˳Ҽ壬ͷǻһȣʦƽﻹĺԼͽĻǴ˼̬ȻʣԷͲٴʲôͶ֮ģһɱһɱһйܵĻͼһ룬ȫɱ˾ݣ˳˵Ͳ
ʦıֹغʦͽİΣϵϵҶҵ˳˵ֻҪܹӳȥһҶҾлΣ֮ҪҶңҲġ
ҧһμӴ˳ȣ𻰡
һΣܹʦһ𣬳Ҳ˷ʲô࡭ڣĲͬ˳΢΢ҡͷڣ޲Լھͼʱȥˣܹȫעʦϣֻٶȸһ˿һҲĸԸɡ
ʦλ֮һᵥݵģڵǼ˲ǵģ˿Σ״õϣ¡
ڵĳֻʦһ׸ѡ
㲻׸ô׸ͽܣԶǣɫ㣺£Ҫ˵ˣĹҶЦô͸ϿԼԼȥ򡭡ʦͽһɡʦûôǹϣֻ£
˳۾ʧű£Գʦ
µɫȴǶȻһ䣬һָͷϣǿнضͻȻǿƹĶŭȵ㾹Ȼɱ֮٣Ϊʦĺʧ
˳Ķű£ˢˢԹʦ·ͽԸ˵ǰֻӳȥһĻᣬҲ΢΢Ҫңͬȫϣȡе
˵ĿţԼҲ˳һ㣬ǱͬϤ񹦣ղȻԾŵ˳Ȼϣˡ
»ǲ˵֮ڽ˳֮ڵľ˳ˣ̾˿кô


439 ı
ڣ˳ڽƬ̣Ȼ֪¶϶ûпԼϵصԼÿһԼٸԭȻͻأôһ˵ɵЩ㯡
֪ʵʲô𣿣˫ֱϥĿЩɵĿźڶգ߽ͬһ˵½һ֦Ҷһ֮£֮ϣ͵λۣ½ǡȴҪǿΪķҽߵ˿̣̣к𣿡
˳ҵЦЦʦγԣлڣ
µں½߿ڵĵطߣҲˡǿȥ磬˲Ϣǧܣһȴ˽ǺεȲпһڡ
ĲпᣬļѣνǺ½İٱϣʢһ㣬˵ԶԶ纮½򡭡
ĳԽʳٻѵĶȹһʵǻۣ߳庮ȺףһͳΰҵҲδǶȻȴѡܿ࣬Σ˵Ǿһѵ㣬ȻһҲ𣿡
ע˳ȻᣬȴԵó֮
ڡ˳Цһ£ʦ˼ʳ仰Ȼȫ˽νĻңӲףʲôǡ
۾ԳЦţ֪һһмҵˣٵˣ͸һٴζ޷ϴˢԼˣһ֮Уˣȴʼֻһ֣˵ܶ࣬һСˣǡҵĹ¡
¶УԼֻһʣȴû뵽ôһ⣬⡢˼Ĵ𰸣ɵʶķһ䣺⻰ô˵
Ϊô˵Ǻ޵ģֻڸв֪Ӳ֪Ӽơ˳ЦһȻϣһȻ١ңֻҪţֻҪŬһ죬ԻıԼˡ
Щ̰鳼Ȩ£ҲΪڳɳĹУһԼɱ䣬ߵһҲãԼѡ񡣡
ЩɱԽ鷸̡֮߱߱ʡҲΪĳЩ飬ܹԭˡ
棬ۣǣԼĸı롭ѡ񡣡
ȻΨйȴǴӳʼһˣѾ޷ı䣬Ҳ޷ѡ񡣡
λǿܻʵ۳谮ôˣΪصĺ⣬ڳ֮ǰԾ˼٣Ȼ֮󣬲ܸԭγ谮λλչޣԾɲǻʵΪԼĴ󳼣ԼĹ¼ޣʾٳ衣
ڴͻλ󳼹ӣ߹ĶǲгϢ˽µΪˣŮ޹ȥ᲻Ҹͳͳܡһ󳼵ĳ룬ֻ˵ǹߡ
λܵ谮Ĺ˵һ๫ΪڵǿʢҪǺ׵⣬Զ磻ͻ󳼵ţ˽뷨ڱҲȻԻȨη֮£λҪõһŮҸǱȵ컹ѵģ
ȻǳǿĹҲÿһλ丸ʴǲܴĹļˣҪ̣ѭ浸أһЩƵĹŮ̫඼֮ڳ֮󣬱ʵ۴ͻ֮࣬ҪԷҵֿܻʵ۴Ĺֻһȫ޼ֵĳ룬ڻʵǱǣڴͻҲǣ
ֻǣܻܲʵ۴ĹҲãǿʢȵǣռΣܵգҲʱʱԼĸĸϻ߲㣬ȴģ
ҵģȴЩĹǼһעδˣԶ磬ȥһԼ˵߸û˵ĹȣȥһԼ֮ǰûмҲûֵˣһ
̽סùĻȡһλ򳤻̵ĺƽʱ䡭׼ȷһ˵һĳĳһˡ
ͨ׵ĶҵĵˣǵˣλƵһ֮ϹŮȥ͡λڽһʱҪԼгʹ޵ĵͬûκˣܹ㡣
˳ȫԳͿɬ
һҽ󣬾Ϊ͸̣ı
һֱôλȻùȴܻά֮֡ĹΪһ㴭Ϣʱ䣬ȴܵǿ뵽ģҪϴˢ裬ϴˢ裬ս
̬һݱǸʱλɱҵǸˣΪһŮɱҵĹȣȻ˿Ҳϧ㣻ʱķңȴﻹ˶кɫ
˳ıȴһֵȻĿ˵νļһһǣһ˱ѹͨŬıԼˣΨһλӳһʼѾԼյ㣬ȴûκΰ취ӱܡıԼˣ
֮£κ˶ͨŬԼøãֻйԣĴעݸģ
ԣν䣬ȥʵȴ˵һڣ˳л״ЦһŮЩѡȨģǺĳһˣܶԷٶǮҲϵĴΪŮѡ͵ȨȴôȨûУ
ֻҪһŮһȴζѡ


440 ҸҪ
˳ȻһЦʦΪڸУҵõ˲ԵܽҰʣôڣ
Ƭ򾳵Ʈ㽭һֱʬΡ˳˵ҲȥķȥǸ⣬Ҳƴĸԭ֮һ
ˣǰδеĳĬ״̬
һʣֻΪת˳˼룬һѰȴû뵽ǣôһγƪۡ
˳ⷬ۵Ƿں½λ߶Уֻ֮ԱǣֻмּʶߣҲѵͬڵңȻ˳漰ĸ٣ȻȨ޶൱Ǵͻף˽һѰڹȴСҴۣ׻̩񰲣𢣬ΪߣȨ֮࣬ȴҪõɡѡºᾡһˣ
Ǳȴ˳ʦһŮ˵룬Ȼп
ԣҲڣ˳΢Цţᶨ˵Ϊ˹ݡǣ֮ҿĻţҿԡ
һ£¸ҵ˵ҿԣȥˣģģΪˣΪںˣȥһЩ飻Ȼδ֪Ȼδ飬Ȼδذҡ
ΪԼһЩ飬ȥŬȥȡȥӽеҸ
ʼվãһŮ˵Բķ򡣡
˳۾¸ҵضű£͵͵ģȴ˵ʦΪأ
ЩǱתͷβĵҲ֪
˳ЦЦ˵ʦȻ°ʵԸȴᣬȻ෴ģʲôôһġ
˳ԭͻɢʣ˵ʦЩҸҪȡģܵ֡ΪҸô࡭ҶҪǲܾȡ֣ܵġ
ͨҸĵ·ϡǧҪ˼ʲô棬ЩֻͨҸ˰ǣϾжҸϣֻǵõûеõǴ˼ˣ
ŮеҸȫһġõˣҸҵõˣҵҸҸǿԳһӵġ
ʦҪıԼһ£򡭡ܸ˭ֻҪҪҸӮġ
Ҹ£᲻Ͷ񣬲һҪȡȥƴȥ
һγĬ˸ӳʱ䡣
˳ƺΪ̫ƣ۾
ĵףΨһƬɬȴЩѡ
ʦԲסǻκһʱ򳡺ϣҶ϶ϲ˵ЩΪҵݣҲǲܶ˵̡
ΪǻǶء
ڣͽ̣֮ҾҪˡ
ʦкܴĴᣬֻҪ֮ˣޣʦͽһ߾ȪҸϣܹĸıһԼȥȡԼҸ
ǧҪκεĹ˼ɣ۶Է˭
˵İ
֮սѪȣŮ˼ս߲̣ȴδزѪȣ
˳۾ͣľҴϢţŬصԼܶĻָԼһЩҪܹʦӳȥֻ󡭡ΣʱԼ¶ϺʱܹΪʦȡһءֻһ㣬ʱ䡣
ӣ
ҹɫԽŨ
ڴ˼֮ڰʱ򣬱ֻоԼĵһĪоھԼΣգΣڽӽ
о׷ɱ֮в𽥵
Ȼ֪ԵɣȴÿУԲˬ
ң·ԼʵŲпսҲڲϵؼ
Ϊٶȣǰδеľˣ״ǱµҲûоģû˵
һ֣֮⣬ȴĪȻ
ƺ̲Լĳصڽѣڡһѿա
һһץס˳֮ŵԼıϣȹεİһԲȻƮһȥ
ʦͽ߲Ÿո뿪յĹӰϢ֮£ͬһССɽС
ʶһգ漴͵ɳĿѾˣո뿪áʯδɢ£ȥֻüݵĹ򡣡
ķ
ˢˢˢ
һ컨ϰգһʱĿͲʵ̻ʮڣɼ
ķʱԺԲԷһˣΣյĵطȫ˫һ࣬ɺΧ֮ƣҲóȻԣʣµķ򣬾ֻ
ȫ׷
ͨκ©
Ůˣ׷ٵĿꡣ¶һ˿пЦ⣺ΪڸǣǹŮ˵ϢȴζºۼĺۼĨ𡣡
׷
ˡһٷɳ


441 
ע⣬ҪٿӪơ֮ǰжһŪǧɼĵǿ׷±˲֪ǵԪ𡭡ߵķԸȴǲŭѵ죬ǾͲǵԪ𣿡
ߵ˵˾̣ܽ
ԪϣǰǧأǴе̨ˡһ˵
ò֮УΨƮƹһĵӴӲ̨ѰٻԵһ·δܹ˳չ׷һ仰һǵ̨
λԪɫࣺһ̨˶ӣϢҲסˡ
ǣ
ϧһдۣλԪϳ˵˶һ·׷ɱɾˡҲŮ˵̨
һƬڳҹɫ֮УǰȻȻһܹͬն޾ڰһ㣬ӭͷ£ڱɱ
ĿһԭеѩʺȻһǿƶƴ˴˽ʵһ˲ȻһҲƵ죬֮ʣӳڰӰ´µӰһĿŤ֮£̬¶
ƴ֮࣬һȻ֮ںڰҹɫеһӰ͵һѪ
ȻӰ͵Ϯһǵûռˣ˲ᡣ
һƴռһ˿δϲɫջȥĳԵ𣬾ڵƴâ˸һ˲һӼݳ
ȻԽնĿȻݶı£
˾ĬעһĽ
˿̣˫ֻɱǵ㼺
ԭȥ漲ڰյıǿһšӣ˼׷ϮɳȥһѪɳѾԾһô֮ۡ
ڱ¸ոյۣ㻹δȵһ˲󽣹ϮȴʩչһɱУǰһأҰǿƷ
˵Ľĵ⣬ȻһȦΧڽ֮⡣
ܹȫٿص
ֵˣԶǵԪƷϵĸ֣
򣬾Բ
δȵıòһ٣ǿòȴһٶȻ£ӯķֻųԤϵķֿ
Ȼҽ⵽ʱ̣֮ɵĲŽ֮ϣ漴ǵӰҹһͬʱը
һɳҵİ׹
һѪȴǳֻǺ֮ܹǰƲɵһϿշɹ
һʹӰˡ
ǰƲסֱӳ˳ȥ
ͬʱȻ
ԪƷ֣ԶýƴȫΪһȻûнŮס
Ȼ˽УΪصˣϾˣ
һԵ⡣
̽ȫǲš
˭˵ŮֻеԪƷΪһ֮ĺֱҵ٣ǵԪƷ۷壬ҲԲ鱨ûʲôز
һҲһƤԹŭһȺӣṩĴ鱨ֱ޿⣡
ṩ鱨ҲΡ
Ϊܹĸоһʼı£ȷǵԪƷһܵĵԪƷ֣ôʱͲܣͿԽı˵һˡ
ô˵ڰǰԪƷֶ޷µȴôͣ
һȺ
ӰɶԲ鿴ֳŭĺһ׷ȥ
ѾӽѾӲԶˣ
ô׾ͲϵģѾˣ
ҿȼǱܹʩչΣȼնã
׷

ҶЦ뺮ѩ˺ͥŲһط̨ĿĹˣĿĿѪصһľ
νѪصһ㣬ƽֻһݴʣȻڽ񳯣ȴϵдգΪʬҰѪɺӣȻѾǰĲң
Ǹβĸ֮ԾڣԶԶš
ȻˣҲֻøȥˣ̨ҿˣǿƽ룬ЩʥϣһǱѪϴ˵صȥˣ棬СأҲ黹ˣ
ҶЦĿʱһģ⡭ǡ
˲ʱɫɷףľĽ
ǺѩϼҲʶس鴤һ¡
ôʬ壬˶˰ɡ
ҶЦ𾪱ֹȻѩ˼ʵȴҲǻʵ㻨٣ϾǵԪƷ֣ԼȣȻһȻôʬʱ򣬱Ͼࣻһ˲Ȼ
ɽҰŨѪɽһʱҲ֮ɢ
⡭
ѩ۰װ׵עʬ壬
ҶЦ۾һȴȻüɽ¸ǰв
ǧû㵽ǡѪ⼤˰˵ɱģ
˿̣Ѿڴˡ
Ҫأ
ҶЦٰı˼ԲߵʱȻ̾˿ˡ
ΪһӰѾһͻȻ̨֮ϡ
Ǹˣˡ


442 һ춯أ
ͻȻֵĺӰ¾һź֮УȫȻòΣƶ֮䣬ͺһźɫƮȥ
ĸоҶЦλƮƹĴϣ
ʱһޡ
֪򶥷ǲǶأ治֪ʲôϷӲ֪ۣ
Ȼˣ߻ĺɫģʱź˸ܵɱǰˣ˸оȴǴ̹ɭȻ񶾡
ϣ
ѩһʱ䷴Ӧʣȵ˭
Ӱ̽ڣһʵѩ
һһ䣬̵ͬζȴ˵ʲôҲ֮ȥ֮֮ľ
ѩʱʵ䷨
βٳûгϣȴҲûзϣȻ̨ȴƺһӱ˾ĵҲҶ
Х̨ɽһٵȴҲ˲ʱ񺿣ǲڶ죬˻飬ëȻ
Ǻ϶ˣԼĪ۾λúͻΧɢһĿڤһĿ͸ҶЦ뺮ѩϣ˵ȡõʥҿøɴһЩ
ѩԷָ̩ȻмЦ򶥼ܣϵĵһǿߣʲôʱȻҲʼǿĹˣſڱտڵ·˲⵱ǽ˸ȤĴ¼ν˿ڡϲּǰ
ĺӰԾɽԾǼȲҲϣ˫Ĺעźѩ򣬶˼䣿ʵѸһƷԪΪǿˣƤˣΪز𣿿νǿߣȴԽԽֵǮˣ
ѩϳ壬ҵƤεø²ٷ˵ǲʵʵʲôģǲǹ⿿һ켸仰ԶԵģºηԿҺĳƷԪΪΣ
һ뵲šһһ
˲ϢѾ˺ѩǰ
ȻͻȻסѸܻһ״ֻܻɵġȴһƬӰһ㣬Ҳʵ
˵Ȼ棬²£ɣҿν˼䣬Ƿʵ
˵
ѩһʤѩ䣬ȻĪһ޾֮⣬˲ʱա
ѩһ˲䣬ǰɵɵĳ֮ˣֱ̣ԹԹ
ǡ̽Ķʱںѩһ֮ʣȴǺ⡰һ˺ѩȻıѩ֮ϣ
һƴƴóϣ
ѩƥȻһȻһӱˣӿնĺХ֮Ȼ޴棡
һɵֻ̽ضԼĽϣԼȻҲûа취彣ô˫ʵȻɼһߡ
ѩɫʱһ䣬ս
Ȼںѩսһ˲ԭ齣֮˲䣬΢ĵ˳ƶѩδյĳ
һ˲ѩǰŴ󿪣һӦҪ֮̽ǰ
ѩһس֮ʱȻӰεβϣԴ򺮱ѩʺҪ
ѩѸٱܹ̺̽һʱ̸ֱĳɺɨƾȻҪѩһͷѩʧɫ˲ʱ߲ٶȿ쵽ֻȶһƬޣȴĳǻΣ
ȻʼʺҪϱ任ֹʽڣÿһˣвȺȻǲӴ󣬿̿Σ
߲֮󣬴߾ѩԾδѳ̽в룬֮£һƽƽڵϣ֮յرܿ̽һն
Ծɲ֣ɨ֮࣬һ˳һתն䣬ָȻǺѩĿλá
ۼĺѩʱðһţӼʸһŵƤɴܣӴܣԪǿߵķǳˡ
ѩڱܹնݳһ֮࣬£֪̽Ƿк֮ʱȴһ鵽նһʱڰзһȻʹƮɢˡ
ȴһ̲صܣΪ̣ɢ
̽ΣȻѩ˼ȴѾͷǺͨ졣
ѩǾþս֮Ȼƽսȴ϶һľĶǣʱԵǻȪ·ȥַ
ĺӰԴӷҲûκζҲûٶ֡
һ̽ʼյȫ򣬾Ȼǰ˵ģԿƺѩ֮󣬾ҲûмԲٿأûκκ
;ɢҲȫȻ޶ԣûж׷һѾ
ɾһȴͽѩĵԪƷһնɱ


443 ŭ
ѩôԵڣȷԼ֮˼ˡ
£ĺ°
ԪǿҲˣһλ߻˵ηһΣʱ߼ʣβ£ܲ壿
ؼǣڸղһ̽ıɱ֮ʣѩȻ֣ԼӵеĵԪΪзһЩطɱС
Ȼͳͳʹ
ֻ˵ã
սУʼһγ֮⣬֮ȫ˱ĵֵܣĺ֮УȻ󣬱ǱıƵǣ
һ̽ʵ̫ˣ
̽ɢˣҪֻ̫࣬Ҫһ꣬ԿԽǵԼһնɱ
һնݳˣñޱȣҪ޴档
ҶЦҲǴһ
һֱĪ֮Ǭ֮ܣ
ǺӰڷһѾһҪעܣԼѩһʱ򣬸ûӦԣһϣһֱ󣬺ѩţƽɣ
һʮŸ仯ǰװס
ҪǣԷһȻɱʵȴûɱ˵˼ֻҪټһڵĺѩѱնݳ޽ң
ԼûоԮأ
ҶЦ۾صעǰһẓ́ȻһǰδɵԼ˵ΣС
ǰӰȻʼնûгԼ䷨ֻǸղһѾһ֡ͷ
ıֱѾ㵽˵˵ȥ
ңжԼ޵ţ
ҪȻһնգкΪһЦ
Էȴû˿ʧ
Ȼû֣жϱȽϣҶЦһãͬķʽ֣Ǵﵽȹ񾪵ĵز
⡭־ν΢ľɣ
΢
һ˲ʱӿҶЦͷ֮ǰҶЦ״صϽԪһ㡰΢磬ı仯΢֪ϵıڣ
ҶЦԭϲ΢γɵĽɣϾ˵̫ߴϡ롰΢֮ʱͨ۲ıʣ˲ʱ߽ݻ٣֮ʱɶвв죬Ȼȭ췶֮ڣ˿֮ܲĩ
˼Ŀáӡ֤΢֮£һۣ̽ܶҲֻõԪƷܶѣ뺮ѩΪζԣ㲻ʲô
ɾһ֮̽ʱлȣ󷢶׸Ǻѩڣ׷һбУ״ֻܳ齣󳷣һ齣󳷣϶۶٣ݼţȴǴڵģ֮̽롣
˫ʤ֮̽ȥÿһ׼˺ѩӦŤܵλãһıǣѩĴȻƳֱ̽ԣԾһϵ죬ҶЦݵģȴ̽󡰰롱ǡ롱ʱյ֮ǰ覣Ǻѩ֮࣬ѾδĿ϶ȻѩѾŵؽ̽ܲߣնݳ϶ǿɵģһ㣬Ӱ֪ҶЦ֪ѩ֪Ժѩž˹˸е־Ļڣ̺֮̽ܣԴǺӰǰٿأΪ֮˾ϸµĲٿأֹǿɾɲֱǺţ
ѩĺеӰĿƽƽĿźѩһҲûɱģ˿ɱģ˿Ѿˣ׵ģ
˶٣ʹֻ
ѩվɫԷףȴ˵ֻ˰Ծǳˡ
Һѩ飡
Һγ顣УӰ۾ͬڤ˸һλᣬʥ
һԵҶЦȻһתۺϵǰ̬ƣԼ֮ǰᵽһϢӾ֮Уһӹ˽ٵ뷨ͷ˵ؾ׼ʥûʥˣֺοѰٻԵ
ӰɭȻ죡
ȻΪۣҶЦԪ׵СɫǶԺӰǺѩûСɫأ
ҶЦٺһЦ򶥼֮ǰԭȷʵûȽСϺ׳أ¼ȻôʥǷҲãնɱӣȻѾעΪҪ죿ͷӱҪڸ֮ǰʹʹ죬δ°ɣ
ҶЦһһӡӰȻ֪ڼŭԼȴҲʵ̲סĻ
һ֮УĴû˸ǰŹ
ǰֻеԪƷСɫˣ


444 ħ
ӰתͷźҲתνźٶȱһڤĿ⣬ҶЦôĵӣ˭ӣ
ҶЦԳζЦЦʲôʱ˵ֻҪͲܸˣ벻ףòҲܵúް
仰һ˵ؼյʱˡ
Ʊɫŭţһʱ䣬죬ͬޣء
ϵ£˲ʱһƬزҡ
ֵҲƺ֮ʧȥ˹â
ޱߵɱ˲ʱۡ
ҶЦɫ࣬۶ЦſŶḷ́˵ײһħΪٸΣݹֻҪˣͿԶӣ
㲻öԸӵ˸ж𣡱ϾԸ⵱һͷħӣҲҪĪģô
ħ
仰һöĺ͵زһ¡
ͻȻһЦӺ֮Ĵ˳ǺǡǺǺǡЦУҲƺͬԩ䡣
ҶЦӰĿضҶЦͻȻκϲŭ֣׵׵ƽ
ҶЦͻһȻѾӰ׵ļŭ
ֹƽŭֵǰࡣ
ôҶЦ˵ѵ㻹б
ǺǡӰЩ°ȻĿҶЦûУһעˣǾǣһҶЦ㶼ˣ˵ġ
ǵЦҶЦǰҲ˷Ӱƽ档
ޣʲôᵽЦ֣ǶǶЦ裡ҶЦ֮ԱǣҶ˷û㣡
ӰͻȻٶȳƽһˮ
ڤĿٶ´ҶЦͷ˼һ£ԭˣԭ㡣
Ӱ쳣ƶȫأȷ˴ҶЦǱҶЦЦ
ҶЦһ࣬Ȼңأ
ԭҶЦЦҶЦеĺӰЦЦܹȻ˵ЦҶЦδҵģֻԼ
ԭ㾹û
Ӱ컯СȻȴǲѡ
ҶЦ˵Ѳѵ˵˲㣬ǳ䷨𣡡
֮һЦźͻȻ͵رɢ¶еһϮӰһ£з£˫֣ͬ޵̶Ȼ޲ȴһĲڤעԼˡ
񣬾ͬʬ
䷨¶®ɽĿ
ܹеģϿɣܹʸһսģҲôˡ䷨˫֣ʩʩȻÿһƮͬƶһ¡
һҶЦ
էϢ̾Լۣƾ˴Ǿעһսɱ⣬ȻעҪҵôȻҪһΡ䷨ҵʵĿڤ
Ҷۿ䷨һ߹֮䣬ƺ֮ĳּйɵĽࡣ
һ֡˵֮л࣡
ͬǡ߻궯ǵĹĵ
죬֪ԽԽԽԽ죬֮ͺǵһѹ
ϸֱ棬ȴԶ֮ߵͣĶ𣬽ɢ𽥳أ
һã׽ȴʵĸ֪
һ̣һ˲ҶЦͺѩĶͬʱõĹĵͷĿѣ㲻ȣվס
䷨һ߽λϵĵһ֡һǿߣͬǧɽˮĳ˵һͷɫͬǧ˿ߣڿŤ
ǹž޲ڤġ
ȻǰĿռ䣬Ȼ˰߲΢о
ҶЦԼ״Ц䷨õһֱ˵ʹôʹô
䷨ĬȻȫȻΪԾɻǰƶ
Ҷȴѹ˲ʱ࣬Ȼ֧֣ȴѾǼޣҶЦȻľأʵı׶ɣ
ҶЦ˹ȴǲϲЦƺΪһħôľŭˣװ𣿹
䷨еĹž˲ʱһ˲ƺлȼն
ٶȿ˵ҶЦбҪһʵһ˲ǲŪ࣬ȴʼҪŪĶ󣬶һǲĴŪ֮ΨһǻȪ·֤۶ϡ
ҶЦЦ䷨һʵҲһʵؾ㣬һ˼˵£ôһӶˣԶʹȻ޵УʹɱڣˣԶˣҪʼչôֻһ·ǡһҪȥǵȼ˵飡죬Ҳ֤


445 ䷨
䷨Цֻϧ䣬ȻΣȴѾעҪҵѾǶ棡Ī˵ڻû³ɳָΪЦܹͷ߹ǧҪϣ㵱ǰİȫϣͣɴ˿̵ĺͣΪ𣿺ǣЦӢ۵ЦҲǣ˼㣿ЦӢۣޣ
ҶЦʶתͷһ
ֻĺѩͷ󺹣ĿӶͻ˳ŽѾѪȴһҲܶ
ﻹд˵жľˣ
ȻѩѾ䷨Ƴѹƣκο֮ܣ
ȫλĲٿѹ֮£ѩҪ˵ǳֵգգƤָͷѾ
Ԫ۷ܣ
ֻҪһôǰƴӵУ
ѩͷϣһſŻƶСĺ飬ð
߳ĵκУȻѪɫ
ף䷨׶ֳ죬΢΢ͷעźѩ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭ뽩ֱ״̬ĺѩͻȻ͵һͷһѪͬľȫһϴߣ
漴ȻͻȻԵѻһļչ
Ķǵĺ󽣹⣬Աصĳ֮ȴһ̣һҵ漣棬һѾȼյķΧУײ䷨
ǵģȼգ
һǺѩ۱ΪռһУ
һ
˪ѩҲȼ죡
ȼ죡
˽һѩȫһеҲͬȼգֱȼմص㣡
ѩǿݱΪһУУ˾ۣƴ۵س䷨ѹƣȫǱеǱ͸֧ķʽһУ
ϴߣ
һȣѩ޷˵һ
ѩ˼ʵУǷΨз
ġ񡢻ꡢ⡢ȫһ
ѧΪ֮У֮Ϊĺһֳ򷨹ڡ
һУǲ֮أȴ־ԵĽ֮Уҷ֮У
еļ˳̶ȣҪ֮ͬϣ
ܳʲôϣʲôзչ֣ǶǾƴ֮У
֮˵һеļ˳̶ȻҪ֮ͬϣȴΪȻͬǽ߾ͬھļзȴ൱Ĳ죬Ļ߽Ա£߻ˣʩ߱ΪԪƷϵĲΣټʿܳлתȻͣһתأ
ǡĺһͬĺһǳηϲŭֵռһУ
ĺһһԷӳԽ߱߱ϵĿֲܣ
Ȼһ֮ٲɷ֣ڡġȫĴ֮ǰһеǾԲͣģѾնɱ˶֣ҲͣϢ
Ϊһ̣Լ
ʲôˡ
ֻһʹ֮ǰһͷ
һ纮ѩǰһͷ磬ߣ
ȻġȫʱҲǳʱľ޴棬ν޴棬ɲǵָʶѣǳеһо޴棬޺ۣ
òԵֻأ޽ң
ĺһеǻмֿͷ䷨Щ⻹Щ͵עնĺѩ״¶һ˿أһֻ֣Ȼ̯һֳһѩ
䷨ֽ
ȻһˣһԪƷʩչļ֮УҲò
Ȼ䷨ȴδΪǿֵĳԼ߱һ쳣͵ķʽӦźѩĺȻײ˹ȥ
һڽĳ֣䷨̯г֣𣬳ȥӭȥ
ս߱ĺѩͬһĳ̶ȣȻ˫Ϲֻö̶̵İɾ룬䷨Ǳ߾Ȼϻֳʮڽ
еĻһڽһڵĳȥӭǿƶĺѩ
һѽ飡ڶѽ飡˵ʮѽϳأʮѽϳأڶʮ߰ѽ䣻ʮѽѾѩƴһе
Уѩͬһ㲻ϵĲÿһ䷨ĳ뺮ѩײһͬɽĿ
úѩ类
һһεײ䷨ȫˣѩȴһһεĳܣ
䷨ǵ޹ϵѩĽȴһֱС
ֲֿƵʵײ֮£ѩĿиȫ޼ϵѪƺеѪҪڴʱ˵أ˿̣ĿУȫ⡭


446 
Զ׼䷨սսѩʩչĺһ֮еһ̣ս߱ɱ䷨֮ϣȴֻһСʱ䣬䷨һʱڸѩӲƴĻ㲻֣ղȻղɾãŽ齣ٽϽ佣֮лȡܽģʮ֮󣬺ѩܴģҲв䷨ˣ
䷨һͬһסһСӣָȷס˺ѩĽ⡣
漴ĿһںѩϣϧھԵʵ֮ǰȻĺһԾɲǡ
һӣһƮƮĳ
һƿ赭дʵȴɱĪ˵ѩ˼ѽ;ƿݣ㰲糣ҲԱܿ
ҶЦһң
ղźѩͻأҸҶЦӦڣﻹܻӣ䷨ֵһ̣ҶЦѾ֪ԼΪ䷨⣻쾡ɵɽг״ն䷨
ͬʱһӰԽľ˸٣ҶЦȻ֣һ΢ɲĵζ΢һӶ
䷨ҶЦĳȫȻӣǵӰ뵭ζľȴ۾һȵ£ԭ򺮱ѩƮһƣ˲תػ͵һȴһΪһɺɫ磬ضǵ߰Ӱȥ
ȻʹҶЦ뺮ѩ
ΪѾ˳ǵӰ֮ǰôʥĻߣ
Ҳû뵽˾΢Ĺͷ
Ȼ䷨ȫעѾէֵİӰߣ˶Ѿʱ뿪ĳһƣȴԾɴ˳һ˲һ
ΪҪƶһƵܣ㹻ѩҶЦȫҳ࣡
޽ң
ͨղ½Ӵ䷨ȷϣѩ;ƿ֮ǿ֮ĩ㲻ϣѾȫûκλ֮ʱһغ
ΨһֵܳҲֻʣֻеԪƷҶЦ
ƾôʵεֵԼȫһƣ
䷨ܷģ˦һ֮࣬תȥмͷһۡڵ֮׷ǸӰ
ֻҪʮʥõ֣ջջģǣ
תɳһ˲һҽ
¶һ˿ЦݣͷҲأŰӰ׷ȥ
󡭡
ѩһĿŷҶ̴ٲҽеҶЦ֪ô¡
ڸղţѩоԼǰһžһʲôˣҶЦһ֮Ĳҽڸһ΢춯
ǵ춯òǡ
ۡ
һҪݵĻĳ˷һƨ
ңǸ˻ҪһŮˡ
ѩԼ벻ףϾҪ˵Լôô뷨ƨǷƨȻϾ뵽Ů˵Ĳͬƨأ˵ˡʲôͬ𣿡
漴ǰף̨һγǰǰ䷨ѾûˣҶЦһЦվԼߣһ¡赭дᣬһо֮еĵС
⡭ô£ѩļǵ䷨Ǿ춯صһһƣڻһʹ٣ѣϢ̴٣ҪΪԼһΡ
һòƲ٣ԼҪˣԼ˿̵״̬ǽģѣھϾǹԪɢ겻ףϴ԰Ȼݣһбֵã
ֿ֮ҺãҾ㣬޻ڣѩҶЦˣʵҲôģֵϣѾǵͷˣ
ûô£ǽ䷨һƵˣ˶ѡҶЦӣһŵҩ˺ѩ㻹ЪЪɣסһԪɢҪǡǵ뿪
漴ͽѩ˱ϣһ̵̨˸ľïܵĵطܴһֵڡ
дһӥ˸Уӥӿն
ҶЦźѩһԾӥٵķԸһӥһ
ĺѩ࣬Ŷ࣬ʵ̫ˣ۵ʻûˣĻһӶʳͷɡϴɵ˰ɣǸ䷨ôͳҵľأ
ҪΪô׿ʣղʹʲôֶΣ˹䷨һҿú׵ȫӣһƾʢ֮ʱЦֺҲδܹȻ£ôܹƵᣬ赭ддʮĽأ
šôûأĺһһ޿ֹͷ֮ʱ׻ҷ̣֮Ȼڻ¾ûһطõģôͻûأ
ѩˡ
ǲ֣ΪɶûҶЦٺһЦĺһǿжˡ
ѩ³һ૵ô˵ǲˡͷһɣһƫͷͻ˹ȥ
Ѿھ죬ѾȫˣҶЦҲһ
ղŵսҲһ亹


447 ׷
ѩġĺһһȻĿսݵԣΪԣ˳һԪԾĲҵ֣ѩղȻʽУҶЦȻĵر鵤ҩ֣ںѩ״Ҳô
ҶЦֵʱѾֹ
ǣںѩ䷨ʮ֮лȡܻĴ΢ʱ̣䷨òˣ˧ָǯ׶ɱ˺ѩһܴɵؽһ㵤Ԫˣ֮󺮱ѩάվѾǼޣ̸мܵƣΪڴˣһ㵤Ԫ
һ㵤ԪҲ޼ô֣Ҳܹѩһյ蹦Ա߻ҶЦأؼǣ㵤ԪãǿΪѩԴӣӶûУȻҩҲ޼£
Ծ˵䷨Ǻѩľˣʵ飬˵棬治һԸ֮ǧٹ֣Ī޴ڣڣ
ҶЦѸжϳ˺ѩ״ϽʩȣȻֻһŵҩǿŵҩȴǷͬ죬ǵƼԪ
˵ԪǵԪݽ֮ʱ»Ĵ˵鵤ҶЦ̫ףϵľֻõȴѾ޵ľƷ鵤ԪרֲԪ鵤ҶЦǰҩɽջҩ˶öƼԪԭǴٻغʱ򣬸ϣܹϲ¥벻˿ȴȸѩˣ
ѩǰ״ġ񡢻ꡢ⡢ľԺȻ֮У֮Դ񡢻ԲأԪȴǶ֢ҩԪĽߡھ㴴˻ʹʲôģͳͳ£㲻ö֢ҩԪƷǿߣԴ棬ʮҲȫˣ
һֱ˰֮󣬺ѩһ˵㵽ʲôס䷨һУˡ
ҶЦЦãڶˣںʲô
ѩ૵ʲԶġ

ҶЦһ䣬漴һһɫСŭ˰ɣϽ裡
ѩһȻʹȥ

һߣ䷨粻ǰĺɫǣضǰѾ첻ɲİӰ׷š
ǰٳ׷ĳĿ꣬ν䷨ݺ޼ɵһ֮УٵصĵһΡ
ǰӰƶٶȵ˼㣬䱾ͬȥ˼㣻䷨뷢ԼļΪ֮ȫĵٶȷǿϡ
ֻҪһӰ˲ʱʧƤӵ£ҲѰٲ
µľ˸֮£Լ˿ǰӰٶȲ죬ƶ켣Ź֣ǰʯ᾵ɽ壬ïܵýĴּ䣬硣
ͬһã޵ϸϸߣխ᫵ڣҲһתת⣬ɬ
̶ȣһֱ׷䷨ҲҪ硣
ȻԽʼں䷨ԽģϾľ˸٣ܹоյȡʥ
йȻⱾǵƵ
˼ʣ䷨еע۽׷ٰӰ棻һͬľˣúˣһļٽ⣬Ҳû⵽
һǰٴ׷٣һʼƺûн˼
ԭƶ켣˲İӰͻȻתֱ߷ɳۣһƬֵĶˣͬһߣһ޻صķʽǰ̣ԭѾŵٶȣһ㡭
Ȼ䷨ԴȴǲϲֻӰķӦ»ǿ᱾ޣԼԪķʽƶٶȣھӰ֮ͬʱԼĺ࣬ڴ˵ȹؼʱ̳©
䷨ƶϲ˵Լӻ㳤;ȥӰƶٶԶԼ֮ϣȴδؿԳʱάȥ
ǰӰٶȿԳʱάֵĻ֮ƳҲﵽ˸Լͬ׵ĳ̶ȣʲôһͬʱ볬ǿΪߣԼһֵıͲˣ
ԣ۾ǣֻҪԼ׷ԷټˣôԷᱻԼ׷ϵġ
һʼ׷ٵʱ˫һֱű˴˰ɵĿռ룬ڣѾȥʱѾǧɽˮ˫֮ľȴԾǰɡ
Ȼ˿ụ̂ȴҲû˿ӣ
ǸղŰӰչֱٶȼۣٶȸȴҲûԼԼǿΪԼӱԪķʽʹٶȼȻܳԽӰȴԿȷٶӰƽֻҪӰļٶȣά̶ȣôԼͲ׷


448 һë
еף䷨żҵΪȻִԪķʽֵǰٶ׷٣ȴٻٳҹǰӰֶܱȼ޳ٶأ
ֻҪӰٶԻʱҪΪԼ֮
ɫٶȰȻǺҹ٣˫ԾɱųԽռƶٶȵ״̬˴˽ţ
һγʱ䷨֣ⷢǰ˶ˣȻһϤɽ壬ɽ϶ƣк֡
ǡһ·׷ȻҪȥԼӵĵط
Ʒ塣
䷨ʵֱЩţһһҹĹԼ׷һӰȻ׷һǧ
һǧԼֱ̨֮߾룬޲
䷨ȷԼж֮󣬲̾ǵӰҲίʵǿ˼㡣
ľ룬ǲϵı任תȦز֮¡ϸ·ֹ
ٶȣ󾢣ļ֣¡žǿнԼƮƹҲδܹõɣ
ǰеķ򲻶ԣȻҵĴӪѾζߵ˾ͷΪ֮Բ˱ҸƷһһľ
ߵ̤·
ִƷʼһ̣ⳡ׷սƪĻĿʼ
ƷգӰٶԾ˿˲ʱѾȥɽ֮ǰֻһ缫İߣϷɴܣɽȻһƵĶڡ
ԤӰҪǸڣδ֪ĵ֮㣬ӳⳡ׷Ϸ
䷨״вӷģΪǸڣеһУڰӰԹȻδ֪ģɹڴǶ䷨ԣȫؿԣ
Ǹڣͨɽռ䲻󣬶һûڡ
ȻڵԪ۷ǿ߶ԣҪɽռһڲ£ҲҪһʱġᣬǷ΢ʱֻ̣Ҫһ˲ͣ٣Ҿ׷㣬㣬ץס㣡
֪ǲԸ˵澡䷨һߣӰͬһ׾Թ϶һ㼫˶֮Уʹʧ
䷨ȥ˶λãȴûмʱ붴Ϊһ˲սѾǰ棬޿أԼڳΪⳡ׷ʤߣ̲סͷϲ쳤Ц׽ҿ㻹ôߣ
ֻխ֮Σվڶڣһоһš
֮ǸӰûκοɹĵط
䷨緢־־ڶڣӥһ۾Цɨ䶴Уһ̣Цݶǣɫ䡣
أ
һ䷨֪һоһţȻĿпյģȻʲôҲûУԭüʱеİӰټ
ֻڶеλã̯һۣǰǵӰİۡ
񣬰ڣӰеȴǲ֪Ϊʲôܷɽ֮УʧӰ١
ȥˣȥˣ
䷨ŭһһ֮ʣ߰˵Ӱѽɽÿһ綼Ѱһ飬ص˶ڣͷ㯡
ԷôͻȻʧأ
ǵ΢ĵԪƷ۷֣ܾôƾʧġ
ΣôҲһЩ˿ѭ
ͺڽʧ״ȴǾԲܡ
䷨һץǼİۣƽ߬һвüҪг
ϣôᷢ飿
ѵ׷٣ȫǼٵģ
аʵڣǾζŰӰͬ飬ǣԷôͻ˲ʱټأ
䷨ץŰ»ص˶ڣȻһͻȻվУͬɽ޸һ㣬һֽƵʲϵȥ
ʱһǿľ磬ͬһĲ佫
ɽܳɲǼѱһƬ촷ۣٹƬ̣Ʒ壬̳֮𣬱졣
䷨߿գ۾עŷԲʮ֮ڵһУް©ɼʱ˴ΧϸӣԾûзְ쳣һֱɽ嶼󶼲ָͷôʯ飬Ǻ޷֡
ˣȻʧˡ
䷨۾棬ȻžһһССĺ
ɿ֣߬ĵһѩ׵ӣüͷ񼡪
⣬ô£
䷨̯ȥϸӣû˿֣䷨üͷҲ֮ԽԽ
ͻȻĿһӰ۵ĳһָһѩ׵ë
䷨۾ʱ۾ǲ˼顣
ΪѾһزҪڡ
ë
һë


449 ޷͵
һֻü糤Ĵë˳һĹΪڴˣУֵϸ£϶Է֣ëʵȫȻͬȴҲһۿɱ棡
⻹䷨е˼ĵط
Ϊ䷨һ۾Ϳó⣬Բǳϵë
ѵһ·׷ŵİӰȻһˣһͷ䷨ЩԼжϡ
Ȼʲôľٶȣ
䣬ǰӰǷޣ
ǲǡëȴָνأ䷨ʵ޷ԼȻһܵÿʵ
ǣŵëȴѾʵȻǰ޴ɣľ
ǡˣĳë
ռıʾ⣬ô£䷨˼⣺ңǰӰһͷҲûȫȻƾʧ˰
¶˹ˡ䷨ü˼ڿЦһˡ
վѾױʯĺƷַ֮ϣͷң
˿̨̣гһǧ·̡
лȥһ۵ıҪ
Ƭ֮䷨ǾٶתͷУΣԡʮʥ޷ܵľ޴ôѾ˳ˣֻǽѪʳҲǿ൱ġ
䷨Ӱٶʧˡ
ֻһΣƶٶȱٶȣ֮ղȴǲʮֹ
ԼӱԪķʽάֳԽٶȳһһҹļٳ׷𣬳һǧ·;űͽֲһɽ䷨ҲǼΪֲġ
Ҫ൱ص״ָ̬״̬
ļӱǣһμ׷٣ʲôôû䵽ֹΪӰԼӵĵطҲԼֱӴ촷ۣ
ھסĵطûˡ
һʵ˭ҲҪеơģ
һ·ϣϵڻ룺ǵӰǡʲô

һߡ
˳ı£ͬһߣһļ롣
Ҷ䷨Ŀңʦͽһ·ϵݸӵľĶǣȫĻһֿпţ˾ʮȴ׵ģ¸߳ѡ·ߣԼƻԲԣȴ˳
˵˳Ӧ䣬ԵвԣԹѵڵսָӾ飬ݹ򣬳Ҷ֮⣬ƥ֮ˣΪں½˵ʤȻҲսĲıȴͬռ൱ߣ֮ϵĵλ
һ·ϣ˳ıߣÿÿɱ֮ƣѿǣʲ͵컻ּڴһƬ֦ס·߸ɴ˷¶ζץסһȺ֮С޽ϢĨȥȻǷӴܣԻŵ˵׷١
֮ܶ
һ·˳νǹıٳھơ澳Ϊȡ˲ٵʱ䡣
߿˵һḶֻ́˳һˣ϶ѾԷץסһغֻбһˣ˳ĸֶۣҲԸд֮
ʦͽⷬͨ˳ǼƣϱԶͬ٭ǿʵȻһһεתΣΪٻ·֮У֮գȴĵͻΧ
һεֱǴ棬ֱǴ˵
Ȼһ洫˵ģһأһ㲻ɻȱҪء
ûأһ߾ȪԾ޿ת
ؾǡһ·ϣµıΪȻֳһֲϵϵĽһ·ͬһľ״̬Ľٶȣ˶о˿ֲ

ĲܲеֲԱڱ±ڶ˵˳Ϊһ·ϣ˳ѾθоԼҪɳۿˡ
ʱľƣרע⶯ڱʵ̶ȷû̫עΪսרоսӦвԵ˳˫ǰʵȻҪϸµ˽⣬Ϊ˽⣬Nε𾪡𺳣𺧣˳Ȼ𡱣ǳĻϲ
裬ȸԾļ
˳˿ľȻһ仰Ļô仰ǡ
硭ĵĿˡ
ΪʲôԼʦԴһܣһΪٴһܣһˣȻֻٴһΪ
˵νսսΪһţǴһսˣԽΪΪˣһս֮ȻȻˮɣôһս֮ôأǿǰ࣬δһսᣬˣ
һս֮أˣôܸΪأ
Ϊ˶Уˣ


450 ģ
ҲǿܹԲùȥôٽȥʮ׷ɱսأµΪһƣӵԪƷ˵ԪƷ۷壡
㻹ôԲبԽ϶ûôŵĽģʽ
ûй
ѾǴ洫˵ֱ񻰣񼣣
˳ֻһо磬ʵ̫ˡ
ʵҪ˵˳ǱԼˣѾȫԼˡ
ھеʱֻжԵУڰܵдɱУ壬ʱȫ֮Ծɻᵽʵľ˽ĽȻüʱþȴĪڳлүݶ֮Ҳôᷢģ
һ뷨ʱðѵҡʵˣһһÿһս֮󣬱дĹ
ˣܹ͵ǰֿء
һΧֽ֮ɣΣȼǱļ˷ʽչԽ޵ļṦӳ֮Ȼ֣ԼΪûΪȼǱ˲ǰһ󲽣ߣѾ˵ǱȻȫ޴ӽͣ볣㣵״β˵ı£𺳣
ڶεսͬʱΪ˿ҲѷɫԼĵ֣Լһƹѧ·ǷʹԼṦڶ֮ϣ˫ۺʵ̫Զ¶һսս˿ֹۡ
ǳʮԼգ֮⣬֮սγ˴תһʮУ˱ȺԼ£ϡͿԼӮĪսһоԭԼͻˣͻ˵ԪƷ۷壬Ϊ֮󣬸㶨κη涼ΪԼƵĶ֣գԷ֣Ծǡ
֮󣬵ԪƷ۷Ϊȹ̡
ȻĵĴΡΡΡ
һһε
һδεļӦʲôԼΪͻͽ
ǾڡԽΣգԽǾһԽ֪ңȼƴһΧ֮¡ͻΪķȣԽ
ֱһΣԷϹλԪƷǣһʮλԪΧԼʱԼۼͻΧ޷һѡ˵ķʽƴȻһڴǱѪһɲǣԼظԼڣƺʲôͻȻˡ
ƺһذͻĪĻٵˡ
Ȼ󾫴ȻˮϣԼԭѽɺԵľ֮С
ǺԼıΪһӴӵԪƷ۷һٽԪƷھ޿ܵľУطˣɱԷ֣˳ͻΧһ·񱼣ȵͣʱ򣬷֡ԼѾǵԪƷ۷Ϊˣ
¶Ľȳ׵ãȻˣˣԵ𺧣
δֲ̫˰ɣ
Ϊʦ𣿡ãȻһʵ
ûС˳߽һĻش
ô
ûС
ô£
ҡ˳ų㯵۾Ѿ˵Ļˡ
ͬҪǰʵɵˣ¶֪飬ܹ֪ô£
Ǳ˼ˣʵäʵǵǰҲֻ˳ԣҲǱԼǰ״ˣԲŻʳԵ⣡
ǰǰʮ׷ɱʮʮ˴ȴ˶ʮ
ĵԪƷΣһ·ɱ˿̣ԪƷƷƷƷߵ׷ɱڶ̶ʱ棬ΪԪƷ۷֣
Ľ̨ԵˣֱӵٵԪ۷֮⣬بԽǰδУ
ֽȷΧûƣûоͷʮ׷ɱս֮ԼʦµΪܹ׷ƽƮƹˣ
ǳ
治ǳ˵Σ쿪ǰһ׷ɱ֮У·ɱԷпǰԪƷ۷ߣԼʵڵԪƷĺ֣ս˵ǡݶȥ
ȻΪݶȥΧ׷½أƱؽĸ֣
Ԫ߽ߣ
ԪߴϿɷΪĽףԪһƷΪףƷλнף߰˾ƷǸ߽ףΨдﵽƷ۷ɾΪߵĶףչƷֻ֮ǳԪƷΪ߽δ붥֮У纮ѩӦ󳬼ŵϣЦֶΪӵԪƷǿߡ
ȻҶЦڰʦ֮ȴ֪ˣڶ֮ϣһλףǿߣҪǿ֮еΨһ׼Ҫ΢֮
֮䷨ѩԼ϶ǳߣֻ䱾ʵ൱Ĳ죬Ͼ΢ֻһ׼͵ı׼ڡ΢֮ϣи߲Σ
¡ѵ
¼򵥵İһԼ˿ڣٶȱ˳ҹһǳһŵǰȥ
Ȼͻƣ֮ǰսĵȴһʱ֮ԻָģǰҪһ԰ȫİ֮Ϣһ¡
ֵĻΧ֮£ȴİ֮
˳ɫɷס
ԭƣûжٺתȻΪҲҪ˹ˣ˳ףǰսΣκһԪʦڴһ״̬֮УսսԼʦͽʱˣʱʦԪΪԼˣǸ
Ҳ֪ľǿʩΪֻ±룬Բǿ˳Ƹ
˳һֱڱµıϴţСĵתԼĹ崦һԻԾ״̬ʼάϵӵһ֮״֮УᣬǰԼȹ°ڶɢ˿Уһ˿ԥȴžųɾŵľ
ڣŵԪ߽ߵ磬˺ʵƿ˷ԽԽԽԽܼԽԽ
ԣԷдĸֶ߸Ϲ
ʦͻƶΣϲʱȴѾȥǿ֮ĩ仹Ҫػ˵ԼٶڡǳڶĵԪ߽ߣ֮ӣ֮ʱҪ
ȻԼϣʦĪľͻƣһΣνãϾӵԪƷ۷Ʒн߽չؿڣ߾ڴֹ
Ȼ˳ţֻҪʦһʱ䣬Կ˳ͻƣڣǷȱľʱ䣬ԷǾԲʱͻģ
Ҫһ㡭ʦ֮ǰͻƣݳԷλԪƷ۷ֵĺΧشһսƱԷǿĸ֣һĶǵԪƷϵĵԪ߽ߣоƷֲΧ
ԲֹһһȺĵԪ߽ǿߣսϵľһս
Һγ˳ڱµıϣԼƫһߣˮȻ䣺Ҹʦ
֮УֻܻһĻôϣʦԱȫΪϣֻҪٹ˼ҡ
˳£ģҲ¶


451 ֮ض
˿̵ıֹãѾӽݽߵĳ̶ȡ
ͻƹȻдڵǰȸƵʵ״֮Уܹ֧ŵ˿̣ѾΪܣȻµƶٶԾɿ硣
ȻΪʹȻԼǰ״Ҫԣľһ
ΪȻҪұϵͽҲҪһ
ܻţ˭ҲѡĻҸҵͽᣬдǰ;ȡȥҲ
ԼͽܰͬһˣѾ޵ݣǵˣԼȻǰԼҲһλԵֻΪ˵ЦңҪΪЦ
ұ¡ȴҲ޷ΥԼıġ
֣֮˹ȴҲδزҵһѡڴˣҲʧΪһһ˰˵վ֡ΨһҷĲ¾ǣİȫ
ˣΪ˸ҶЦŶΪ˸ԣ˺ҵʱܻһλ߸мɣҲ࡭ֻϣʱܹ𣬳ʦΪܹƴ
ҵһмתڳϣеķءóҸ
ǵˣұȻкκ
䣬Լѿģѿĸ飬ѿĳ嶯
˼ţͽܵУҹУ¶Եĸ飺һҪҸ
˼ʣһڻ͵ŨζͻأҹȻл
˳ɫһ¶ǰδľɫ
뵽һС
ʦߡ˳ŵһĵطٹȥ˲һ㼸
Ȼⷬû˵꣬˷Ѿ½ʮͷ
𹥣
뵽ơ
ǰӲɽ֣˲ʱ֮һƬ𺣡
ȻȻ⾡ǻ𺣣ǳŵˣԾɲݣðŸ£۾ŹѰŮټ
¸ӣĻ⣬˳˵ŵһķǱйȥ
һŻĵطԷ㣬ԭǵΪܼΪΣյڣȻܺӦ֮ǱΪɢʼڣѰԣܹǲطһأǾǹȥˡ
һ󣬵ȵγɹģʱ򣬸Ȼ磬ĸ򣬶޴ɲء
ǰ֮УΨðһٻ·֮С
ֻҪִܹһŻĵطô֮ľҲʮ·̡ҪĻڣʱǻὫȫע֮ĵطһ˳ĻǾٴΰȫһʱ䡣
˳һָӣһߵ˵ʦкܶʱʵĻʱ򣬾Ҫදӣ̫˫սʤ̭ǿʳ伫޵Ļıڴ˴ǡһ˵һЩ˵ôģôԸǡһܱڸȫ̫̫࡭
˳ܵͺϸʦЩͽԽ״ǧ½⡣
Ȼֻǽͽܵرס
ȫܹܵԼͽܵǰһֽµĿľ޶ȲԼѿķʽԼһЩ
ЩڵǰġǺõġ
ĻУǰԼԼ˴һƬлĿͬӥһϬ
Уĸ˷ֲϱעŨ̻еһж

꼰СⳡͻĴյǱӴܣƬУǾʧ뱼ܵ
ʦߣܵһϢ
˳ڱ¶Ա߷ԸѾѹ͵΢ŵĳ̶ȣڴ˿̴յžžĻΧ֪ݳ˱֮κܹǸ߿ֻҪСһ㣬⡭
Ȼ˳˵ƶıͷƤЩˡ
˳ŲĽ߶任ѡ񣬶յ˼ѡ
ڱ¿Щһն̬ƣվʲô¶ûзνģǡ
νԼŻԼǰѰˣǵעȫԶԼѲϡ
˳ǰᣬԼߵһЩǷע⣬ٻ·֮Ȼи֮գȴǵǰѡΨһᡣ


452 Ƥ֮
ڸˣǵڵԶԶԼˣһӦֻ뵱ȻΪû״˳ԣڴиһ׽ԲأͽĿ׼һСֻҪƭһ˵ĶĿǾͰȫˡ
ԸȺˣԸһˣֵ֮ġ
˳жϣΪȻ
˹ס壬ȻһȼյúľԼߣΪڱǰߣȥʵλʱ䣬ڱ֮ԷԾɲһŻյˣͷһѾǼޣ϶ϲ⣬ǸʱѾǱ뵽ʮ֮ˡ
˳Ŀ侲ᳺ˿˿ۡ
ЩĵȼյľǻᷢĻģͽǸ¶ˣοڱ
һҶĿǰɽҰǴ𣬵ƾĿ޷ȫ£ȼյԽľɢĸȻὫҲñΣԷǶӣϸҲǶ϶ϿȻڡ
˳ӿðգʵȴǵǰףҲеķ
ȻԼͽǼƳģ˳İ취ʵ̫ðˣƫƫԼޱȣ°Űɣԥ֮ʣȴԷ־ѾԶˣȻûиѡֻñһȼյĴУǰŲŲ
һתͣ¡
˵Ŀɨ
һ̣һ˲ʦͽ˽ŵͣˡ
ɵģȻһȼĴҪ˵ӰǾûпڱȫģȻڲ¶ĵط
ȻǸ˵ķӦҲ˳˵ǰ㣬Ŀֻɨһۣ¿
ȻЧ
ʶسһŸеһ˲֮䣬ԼȻһոʱݣȴƽеľһ̣ģƽȹ
˳ķԸĵǰн岽űһɣǿôų⣬¡
Ǿ֮첻һһۣȴһôðŻžžߵʶһԲۣ
ǴµٶȲ죬üܿ˿أ֣Ӱڰ
λõ·ȥ죡˳شߴٵ
á
ȫɵչУͬʵһ㣬ʮɾ룬ȥǰվλãǿȼյĴ֮࣬Ӱ
ǸڱʦͽͷϴԼʮɵϿգĴעӣϸ
ⲻ֪Ŀ˿ѾԼŵ£˫Ŀռۣýˡ
һ˲ССʣͲѿ˳ӦļԷͻȻпǳ˳֮ͻ䣬ǵϵӦ䣬ʦͽⲻ˱˷
ܻԽԽ󣬻죬ԪƷտΪҲоЩȲˡ
˳ǲˣΪ΢ĩ촽ѣҲˣбʱ֧ԮԼ񹦿ԶԿֻͲ֧ˣ
ʱȫˡ˳˵͸˵أǵصȥѡվΪ˹ĶҲΪĻѾյòˣŻ˲ʱɵУǵǰλãӾǡ
ƻı䣬ڵλñԭƻҪ룬ֻҪǱһɣͿɱʱĳװȫˡ
˳Уż޿ΡٺĿ֣ʱǽɽƬȫѰңȴҲᶯߵĵ¡
µͷʾϿɡ
վȴϢǱӲĵر֮£˳ǰΪȻδǶڱڵĵԪƷ˵ȴֻСһ
ɽȻ¡ǣֻҪȥߵȣȶȱ㲻ᳬǿܵļޣľֲ쳣ïܡرһ֮µܴ쳣ʪˮҲǲܵġ
˼һ˵ˮʦͽ˾鲻Խһ¸ɺԵ촽
ϣ˼Ŀ
ɽּ䣬Ϊ֮ܲŨ֡
˷͵͵ϴ
ôġյ˻ԼôһѴˣ˵ĿƳԼһ˶챻ˡ
˵ǰƹṦ£򣬶Է֮ǰʩչȼķʽݳΧҲҲ˵˵ˣ˼ҵѧͲհ
治֪ôģⳡŵøǻС
ʦͽһЦ
漴µֻſʼرǱ


453 ϸ
űµĶʼϢ䣬˵Ҳ֮½Եɣųжȡ
罫ȫϤڽŵףڽγһϸµнӴ޼᲻ݵģ㣬ǼӲʯ飬ڵһʱȻ飬Ƭ̣Ѿγһռ䣬Ӵ½Ĺ̡
һƺ˳Ƭ̹⾰ѾаӶ֮¡
ϿշźȻһ˸һӰ٣ȵûʲô֣
ͷϵü˵ôƣȴȻûзְߣһûѲӹ򡭡
ŭһ˼ڰգŨ̱鲼ſԿΪβȥȷϾ˭ţ
ĵ׿νһί⾡Ǵϱʶɨ˺ü飬˵ǵţ©ȥʲô𣡣ҵԪƷΪﲻһ
ѵҾԼҲסˣ
Ǻߵݵλ֮ϣβԸǲҵ淴ֵֻĴӦһ콵
˽̸ʱ򣬱±˳Ѿȫ֮£ȴаͷ¶ڵر֮ϣƮȻµ˲䣬ķһ㷢ý֮С
ԪƷǷ˺ëһ½㳾Ȼڵϡ
֮ԻáݣΪ֮ȻǱͷٻѨڵλá
һţֻҪʩչṦԱأô˼λŵµŮͻ档
ٻѨҪѨĪ˵Ԫ߲̤Ѱ˷һҲ൱Ӱ죡
ǣڹôԵ޹ʵĶŲ̤أ
ȻҲоƺЩȴ뵱ȻԲյõ涼ˡŲһֻţڵϴ˴ꣻȴǶȻһ̻ңͷĻͷ
Ͽյ¼˼״ӣٱκһڰؼϯŨ̻ҽͬһҲƣ׷ɳȥƬָ˼ʣ
ϣδĿǾţް㶯
ΨһƤëƵζĴȴⳡͻ˻˴˼Ұޡ
ϸϸѡһһĲ飡
ϿΪԸ˵طԲ֮ڣ˷͵ѾҵȰΧ˾ûӳȥΧ֮ڣ
ȫϸѣȻһһľҲҪŹǾߣҲҪŮ˸ҳ
Уһŭ𣺡һˣҲŮˣ˾ＯĨ˲ӡ˶ϰɣ
˵ЦԶţֱӾ
·ļʮ˸ɫࣻűѬǹĹݣһȺٷһ㡣
˵仰תߣȴߵ򣬸Եһ䡣
ȷû˹ȥ𣿡
ȷ
ȷ
ڵõ⼸ȷʵĴ֮תͷӹǰԳҵĻ𳡣о޾ɱ
һһƬţ
ΣһҪȫҳ©һ鷳пݱ֣֮
Ͳұܵģ
ԣǽ٣Ѱɣ

мڴˣ浱չ˵̺ʽöطǴɽһĺȻǱѰ޹̲֮ס꣬Ŀʼߡˡ
ر֮µССռ֮ڣһ㻤֣סʦͽ˽ӵŵ壬Ǳ䡣
˳жϹȻƬĵزȷʵܳʪ
¶ڵǰ״̬Ծɲ⣺˷ᣬֱ濾ôʱ䣬Ҫˮֲ䣻ֻ㳱ʪԶԶֱ籭ˮн
ҵ֮£ԽԽҲҪĸ㹻˳Ǳ
˲ס£ͷԶӿѻסϷĿ϶
˳ǱһɾͺãϷѾоߵƣĳǱɣǵ˲ɵ֮ԲֹϢһɾ䣬ȥ˺ֹʮɣɲɵȥһزཬ֮еĻԾɻǱ
ڵزཬ֮Уһɱĸо˲ʱȻ˲ʱĻ࣬Ĭ˵Ļֻţ㼷ѹһһɷԲķտռ䣬ǰԼϥǵλãСĵŪһӣ
ֻΧУˮ飬֮Уʱ䲻ѾˮҺ
ٹһĹǱѾӨӨˮ


454 ĪҪ
ˣ²ųһѾʧȥʶ˳£Сˮ˳Ŀιȥ
ʳˮޱȿ˳¶ȻȴǱˮȵٹƬ̣ѹ૵ʦǻô
ţҪסһûµġ
µѾȫˡٺȵˮǱ㿪ʼˣϵȻûж񻯣һζܲ£ԷػڴѰǣʱڻ߰ȫݣѶȣƸΪȡ
˶٣ֵһΣߡֻһ˵ĻΧѡ
̾˿Цһûм˵ȥ
һΣû˳ڵĻ¡¾оҲѾĸɸɾ
һ㣬ӹɡ
˳͵͵ЦЦʦ⻰˵ĺûûʦڣͽڵһʱ򣬾Ѿһʬ壬ﻹܹӲд񣬻㴭Ϣء
ȻӵĻΧ£ʦͽȴĵһΪİȻо
˼ڵ£ûпͨ˵Ϊȥȴʲô̫ѵ飬ҪģǰСУˮģ֧һʱ⡣
ǵȫȻݣȴҲ˶ʧȥ˶Էضû˶ԷϣһвıΪ̸ֽޱ֮ľʲôӦ԰취ûˡ˳͵͵һЦʣµģľֻˡ
һЦĲ㲼֮£ߵһѾǳܿɹ󣬳ԤˣȻٸߣҲܱøá
ţǰʦԣƸΪȣԼȵãȫ״̬ЧʵӦ֮ıʡ˳侲˵ʼղ˺ķ̫ǳȥʱӭǵģǿǰҵһսغļ֮սϾԷǷȱʱ䣬ӵеʱͬ࣬һԷܲ˵Ҷ֣ʱŬͱȫˣ
±ʾͬĵͷ죬ȡδزʤ졣ǳȥ֮󡭡ҸҪԼȥȡŶ
˳ɫһ죬漴һףǿЦʦѾߵһȻóȻϣΪ
˳ô˵ʵĵȴǰ̾ԼƷᣬص£񻯾Ѿˣȴ̸ָܻղ̸ƣΪ˰£ʦΪ˰ˣƱشϾȥ֮һķսôԼǾûϣ
ʱһսս֮УԼǣʦ
ԼȥȡҸ˳૵˵һ䣬ǶһŮ˵ҸǧҪʩǣʱ򣬴һΣǴһ
˵仰˳Ͳ˵۾רˡ
Ȼɫȴһ
һֱԨɽȻڵϣشͷȥһͷ㷢ڸסԼף˵һΣǴһ
Ů˵ҸҪͨʩõ
ţģ̾Ϣ
ϵһĴ˿̸̣ʲôҸŬǵǰһҪ񡭡
ϣ¡¡ϵĴȻ˴˼Ȼʮ֮µĵصףȴԼо𶯡ȻŵˣҲ˲ģĿʼˡߡģʽƶţңƣھߣߣһɣظҲ½
ͷӿֵΣԽԽأ˳ðѡصĻǼһ·ǱǱ˵³ʮɵλãĵطڴɽ£ֻҲ类˷˳
ĵΪ϶Լһֱڴģ̫
İȻעֻʱġ
ֻǽĵطˡһ֮ʼջֽ﷭ϸ鿴ġ
浽ʱ
ΣΨӲ
°ǧҪ
ΪһߵǸ״ԼҲˣȴƱڴˣ

ҶЦڽӥϣСĵտźѩϽһſŵ鵤УԪΪ֢鵤Ч棬ͼӰĺһʼռУǳһ鵤ȫûµģȻԴҪıԴõֲѩ塢ľ־ԪԼ൱̶ȵˣҶЦдҩ֣רõιѩֻҪһӣȻ価ɹۣ
ؼģҶЦǿֻعֻ֣Ҫֻعеı˶˾ΪѩʵԪ塭
šǼһػûҶЦо޾ռ֮ڴ΢𶯣ʶһȻǶǿƹˡ


455 
ţ˵ǿơòеʵԹʵΪſڵϴڴڵĴŴأСɵͷԺû̬ķʽϳȻ䷨׷ôãʵʵڵ۵òᣬڲٹ˼ˡ
ƶٶȹȻƥһ˲佫䷨˦Ȼ׾٣ȫ¡ȴڡֱӽֲļһ˦òټ
ҪӪһ֣ٶȿǺܿ죬ȴδڿ쵽һ˶ϵĳ̶ȣԼֻҪ;ȥһܹ׷ϵ΢
Ϊ䷨һȷ޷׷ĻܴͷȥôѩҶЦԾɻĪΣ֮УȻǸߴϵĺ⣬ҶЦΪĵǰӦ䷨ȫԸȫѶȣ֮ͲˣϾʼջҪṩȫ淢Чĸߵ֮ǰ䷨ȫһ赭дʵȴнҵĳɷ֣
䷨˽ĴڣԽȤܸʥ
Ȼ䷨ǰ֪ܲʥظЧɽʲôıһԪƷСɫб԰Ȼһȫһ챦챦Ҫƿأ䷨޷ˣ
һҪž䷨ͷĿԣҶ˰ȫ֮ǰһҪס䷨
Ҫ񣬶ҪԶĵطΨˣȷ㹻ȫľ룬Լ㹻İȫʱ䡣
ǰᣬ޶˶̫ܵ죬䷨׷˵״֡
ԭҪҪҲ̫ѣȻƨɺ䷨򳬼ܣԶƶٶȶۣ֤һȫҲˣɵǰһҪأѶʮ
һ˵Ѳѣ˵׾ԲףǾҪ֤䷨޷ֱ浽ǰԼ׷ӰȻһˣ
Ⱦ͵˶ǰҪһЩ׼һʲôģ
㹻Ŀռ룬㹻ƶٶȣһҪ˫ֵĳ;߹У١ǶڵĶ˵ҲһΪѵ
׽䷨֮⣬Ǹɽʱ򣬶ҲѾǾƣߣҲΪ̣һʱ͸Ͻķ޾ռ䡣
Ҷ޾ռһĴڣӿռӾ룬ͽ룬ɣҶЦ˶ûУ˵İԵ
ռ֮Уʮ۽۾Сעӿһֻèͷ
ɻϴôˣһֻèôǹһĴҲ̫˰ɡǵ棬ǵһμֿһ۽簡
ĳزҶЦʶռ䣬ʱߺߵתͷƨɶҶЦĴԶ׼һˣˣͿ๦ߵĵС
ˣҶЦ죬СɵӱڻḧǾֹ޲ĳ磬ȴ¶Ȼ෴ݣʴʵҿСҲа˵еĻһˮԺҪǿÿ糿ȥܲ㿴˼ұèֻǧҹ߰ٻֻѶˣ̫ˣԺɱԳˣèܶ𡭡
һⷬµİëըѾĺ˵˵èǧҹ߰ٻ츳ֻèбľٶȣһҹĹܳ·̣岻Уԣſڴƻվ˵۵ļһ
ò˵׷ⷬ룬ֱ߾Ȼֻһ࣬һ·ƵȦӣ·̣·ֻ಻١
˵ˡΪɶôۣ۳ˣ˵׻Ϊ㣿ûйûͻûпզô˵أûĵġҽУôôİζ
ðɺðɡй໹п͡ҶЦЦʥеǸʲôֻعϽ˰ɣҹζȣҲǺ£˵ˣҲԣҲòôֻҳˣܷõǣ˴˺ݻܾԵһǣ
˷ֱۣ㶵һ󲦶Ȼò˵
۳ˡȥɻ⻹ûеˡأһ˵ĻеЩȷʵǾ紦桭
ҪȻүٳӼӰࣿ
һߺĴŴСһתȻ⶯ˡ
ҶЦ״֪Ƶóѣһѩ֮ǰӵΣĻŭţЦŶǰߣˣԽ㡭ǧܳԹˡ
ҶЦԼߵķ򣬼ʱʵĻһתͷҶЦ򣬰֮չֵ쾡¡
ҶЦߵķǴ쾧ڡ


456 ˭˭
ԴƵǶͳ˿ϣҶЦ֮ȴʱֹֹУ쾧һô࣬Ŷһﳨȥԣ¼ĹûˣҶЦĳĶ£η
Ժܸɴཫ쾧Ŀռ
춼ڷռתƣȴһĪչ޿κΡ
һΣʵʵ´󹦣ҲĵȷȷۻˣҶЦž쾧Ϊ
ҶЦ߲ŸոսռƣǱȲش˳ȥԽ쾧豧˻
ǾС壬ͷС쾧軹еĲɱ˵Ǳ裬˵ϣ
תһ˫۾β;Լƨ֧ţֽ̳һţ°ͽ쾧棬ʹһҲˡ
﷢ࡱȻ⵽˼¡
쾧֮У̲޾ڱסһ̣йͨһķӿ˳ĺţ纣ɾһĴڴڵżӹµµתһ£ҶЦķӦ漴۾̲Ϣ
ҶЦһЦⶫڶ˵żµջҲǣλ֮ᣬ˼ʲôĴܣС쾧Ѿ䶯Īߣ쾧ļֵԶԼ֪֮ϣ
񲻼Դӱס쾧֮ƣƺһ˲ܵӰ٣ƽˡ
ҶЦб۾Ŷ²תһͷƭҰɣѵһһֶΣǸӾҪƭ쾧
ôɣ
žռϷ磬ǵҶЦĵƼɣ뿪˿ռ䣬Ȼûע⵽УҶЦ߳ȥһ̣¶һ˿İ˰β͡
̺
͵͵һ죬һҧһС裬һʽ˶Щҭ÷ۡ
ᣬ֮סϽԶռ
ȻҶЦȥһºѩ״žֽˣȻǺܲĳĲأɲҧһС顭
ҶЦȻŭͳ˹ȥȻҪһĳ

һβͣһӴϽಡһʱӰ١
ֵˣ
Ѿֵ̫ˣ
ҧôһСڣ˵ʲôҲֵˣ
ٳȥô׷һٴΡҲֵõΡ
ܵĶȻûз֣ζ״׷ҶЦϣҲһ˿ЦУٴҲһֻèۣ
һС飬ҪĽҪȻҲռ䣬˸Ӳ뿪
ߺߡ
һһèڵǰ״еԴϲоԼռ˴ˣèںߺߣڵ⡭
˭Ҫһ㣬ͼʼˣ
ҿɸѾ˵ϽӴЩӡҶЦôöˡ
˦βͣһ־緢ĵУӾʹӣöҲˡ֮϶ҵһݣ˾ǺܶõΡ
ǶڿȥˣûĳıóѡĿ񡭡
磬ѩ˹ֻɫܲãһŰֽԽСԽͣͲȥóԵĸҰҿǲˡҶһƬģ޻ڣôԴңûˡ
Ҫǿһ˵ķϣͳ˵ôеĻҶЦһƽƶˡ
һȻѼӵģ춼ãղ˵ЩʲôΪѾ˭Ȼ˵ĴʴʣôЩŵôʡ
զûأϽŪˮ͡ҶҪ˺òá֪Ҫˮ㣿ѩһС㲣ȴĽţжʱƵġ
ҶЦỹͳףֿŵˮ«һһιˮ֮ϸ壬ֱͺչСһ㣬Ǹѩģֱˣ
Ҳϴô꣬ɶʱܹͳ壬֮ǰǷƴôҲֵˣ
ֹڴˣȻǺõΣ̰ʤ֪䣬һģƽ
óԵģôˣ
ģ϶֮ǰֵʱ򣬰ţʲôô°
ʲôζôô᣿˼Ҫģ˼ҾԵġ

پĳġ޼ɵҪ֮ԭѴ⣬ֵʹһѵҶЦＫޣ޿֮¾һ֣߰˿ŵһԵ˺ѩѩŤͷԣȴǱҶЦסͣǿ˽ȥ
һҪҪǣѾˣǰɣѾĵ˱˻ԣѾ룡ҶЦŭһѾסѩͷ֮ˤӭ絴ԵΣҲټһ㣿˵һ˾ȻѧŮ䷨ûŪ㣬Ūˡ


457 ǿ֮
ѩҶЦĵΣȻԾδʹȴ֮ݣղֱҶЦȥƷ鵤ѽԪ㣬統ǰ㱻ҶЦͷڽӥصҲ޷գ
ûзһ£ڽӥڸٷ֮Уһζ̫ɶˣ
˲书ĳ˾ͱ紵ñף˱ӭ棬ĵĻҲ˵ڣһھͱ쫷紵ϢöǣνһҲͲˡ
ĳ˻ҪĵݷͷɲҪ˲źá
һͷˣԼǰ㶼ǶõΣһ塭
ҶЦȥʱ򣬺ѩʹȥ׹ҶЦĿ⵱罣ܹһǧٿףʹ졣
ҵĺֵܣỹҶЦһĺɫϸǿϸС
ˣˡѩͷ
ǿʲʰҶЦ΢Цɡ
ʲʡѩͷɥ
᲻᣿ҶЦбۣҪĻҿٰ㴷ˬΪֹ
˲һ㶼ˡѩһҪǼƹֱӽԼĹͷϼ
ˣ㲻ȥŪ
˲ˡ
ߣҶЦŭһתֱ£ܻҿѾɫ͸ϴ죬ΪˣѾĵ׳ʲôܣĺһ⡭õֶΣȴҪСƴϣΪֵˣһôɵ쵰
ѩһɫȻ֮ǰ״һ㵤ԪĻعⷵգ缴ޱߺڰޱԨĿֲΧһеһУԼ˼ȻԾɱëȻ
ҶЦղŵսղԺѩʩĺһΪʼУԼԽ䷨ɱһΪգʱ㲻ʮϢĹ򣬵գȴƽ̴桭
ҶЦ֪˿벻ֻǲô룬ѩȻǒOѹ֮£ǿȼ귢˱ĺһ
ǰҪԼȫΪԼӪһ
һ̣ҶЦû뵽ƣֱŵòɢ
䷨һˣᣬס˺ѩĽ⣬ֹס˺ѩһ㵤ԪţôȻԼһֿĵ񵤣ҲǶ϶ϾȲغѩСġ
ȷһﳹװȻˣβĵѹõŭֻ˵ǿ־屬
ѾҪǸһ˵һ룬ҶЦȴȻйһģһεĻѩֱˣԼвҲûá
κѩܹʵǼ˶صɺϣû䷨ˣһ£ѩˣûеƼԪڵһʱ䲻˺ѩԴ꣬ѩͬҪûкĴ鵤ѩԾҪˣӴ޽Ϊ˲״
״ҶЦߺѩǲܽܵģ
˵Ļɱսڽӥķ֮ʱӥһɽ֮ۡ
￴ȥ˵һɽС
ҶЦ֣ӥǲ䣬һ䣬ôѡĽص㣬ȻǸߵһɽ壬ûйһ⡣
ӥǴڹǶеĽʶľôôѡ
ߴȻʤΨǿٴۣ
ҶЦĹˣ۵׵Ⱥɽٿɽ۰Ȼ˸ĽӥдƵ쳾䣬ǧɽˮ˭֪ϣ˷ϣԶз羰ֻ֪ͬҽ֮߷壻УһɽС
һߵĺѩȻ⼸仰סˡ
⼸仰ﻰĻȻ˸пôʲƽ֮
Ǻѩƫƫеζ
ϣ˭һۿ߷壿
Ҳδܹ
֪ķΧڣң߷塣
ҾҪһɽС
˼Ǽˡǽ翵ĺ쳾죬ѩȴƺҶЦһ
Ҳ֪ģûнӴģҲܡ
֪ģܹӴģҾҪã
վߣ
ں½ˣͬҪˣ
Īߴʤټʱ
ѩһڸ߿ҶЦıӰһ˿ԭԼҶЦ֮Ĳ࣬ȱʵĲ졣
ǰЦȻԼķڷҶЦԼҲֻ
Ϊʲô
ѩ૵˵ǿ֮ģ
ԶиĽȡ֮ģǿߺǿǰηȻһɽһɽߣʼʵǲи̤塣
ҶЦͷҲأѹüͣȴ쳣صĿ˵ǵģѩǿ֮ģǿ֮ģǿߵ۵ֻߴκѹԼͷϣκˣû˿⣡
ʱҪŬĥ£һգһʱһ̣ܹõȻһֱǣҲҪ׷ǿ֮ĵ·ϣ
ǿ֮ģ
ǿڵִԣ


458 ʥɣ
ѩĬȻͷ˼
ǰԼԴԪƷ۷֮󣬱Ϊй𣿲Ѿ۷ﻹиһĿռ䣬ȻҲͲҪάϵȻתȻܹѾ㹻ˣ
ЩԼǿǿߣΪ̳ĴУľ磬ԼûǷݻԵǿ󲻵ã
ԼôԼŪԼģԼ۷и֮£ûĿ꣬ʧȥǰǰĽӴ䷨һսǰ߿ŪԼڹ֮䣬߶ʵ߱Լ࣬Ͷ㽫Լȫܣǲ࣬ƽĲ࣡
ݲԭ㣬񲻾ԼѾ̫̫ûн
ǿ֮ĵĵԪ۷ǿߣǿ֮ʵ
ҶЦ֪ѩڴ˼һЩʲôԼĲ
֮󣬺ѩվüƺһЩʲôƺʲôûдģ޴Ӿ壬ȴԽ֮Ϊʵжҡ
ҶЦ˵Ұﲻ㣬Ҳ޷㡣Ϊ£㶮˾ǶˣǲִȴศɣⱾ
һޣͻ˾ǶͻƲ˾ͳִԡҶЦ˵
ҶѩܵϴģҲԶȥѾҵұһġ
ҶЦͷ
һӰ֣ӿռССҶЦ֣˳Ÿ첲磬ȻɽԽķҶЦԴҼ磬һ·˳£ֱ֡
Ȼ·˻ȥȫͣ˵Ŀ
Զ׼
˷ܡ
ˣ㲻˵Ҫ𣿡ҶЦʱһ
Чʺܾ˰

߰ͷһҲү˭ү֣ôܲɣȫүЧȻǲͬΣΪһͷǰ
ģҶЦݺһ֣ǻҿ
˼򵥴ֱ뿴͵ռ˶֮󣬾ͱ˵ᾧû˿ռƣͻɢʧ״Ҫģ𶯾˵졣
ѩԵһᡣҶЦһ䣺Ȼҵ·Ͻ״̬ǿߴ˵˵еģ˷˻ԵҲҪие״̬
ѩԶʱһ񣬺ҵ״̬Ӣ䡢ξڲԸʱأɶƶУû⣬ȫΣ
ȻѾµˣ϶кҪֱӴֱжϣôʥ
ţѩĿˮҪǻȻҲûˣ
޵ĺѩʶ໽˷شӸ߷ץһʯͷͷŽУһҧˡһʯѩɵǺǵɵЦţ۹
ҶЦɵˣֱӱǰһľٶȦˣɶģҲû˵ɶզֱɵأղ˵ɶأôôôأ֪Լ˵ʲô֪Լʲôѵʩչĺһδĺ֢
ֲˣܹӦҶЦģզñĴĳɵȱأѵ㲻֪㽫Ĵϣ͵ͬϵ
ǰʵ̫ɶ˰ɣͱĴһǸ°ؼǣⶼѾǵڶ˺òãˣҲҪһ±òã
գǻ߿һ֮У
һڳΧ߽ӥһվţͷźѩֱޱĵתͷȥ̫ˡν֣
ȻֱץһʯͷԵôʲôأ
ʯ죬Ȼ˷ܵĹЦ
ȱ̬ӥίʵǵһμ֤۽簡
һҶЦɵȱ״̬оѳ˲ʱ뵽˵ǰ״ﻹ˵һɵȱʵأϽȥ
ǿǺųƳܹ֮޵еʥҶЦԣͬļѣ
֮ǰй˼ɡ׶ˣǿùȻһʱ棬ȴŻڣ׶˱ûˣǲζš֮ԼǷֱܹ޵δ֪֮һӻָǰ۷ΪһȴǿԤģ
ռУ֪ʱһֻСİӣ棬ذڷʮԹӣӱϣצӲϲŪš
ǼҶЦԲᣬȫעĹеĶ
ֻССǰצһ̽һצ֮ϣֽӴһ
öٶȽӴ˲䣬СԴϣȫ׵ð
ҶЦĿһͣöӣȻڶצﻺΪһ塣
γɵĹȻöں϶ɣԾֻ൱ԭһöӵĴСֻǣ໨ƣɫΪ䡣
ٹƬ̣ҶЦЩƾڲϱãȻڳк͵Ĺ̡


459 ƽ
գȵɵĹӷһߵʱöӣȻѾ͸ɫһʳ󿪣ղܡ

öƹβͰһһڣǼҲһмĵɪӣ͸¶һ֡ңҰĹŹɫ
ڶ̬ҶЦȻյ˿˿ۣʱ˿ˡ֮ʣϧ佱
ҵĶϬ̫ţˣҶЦһ̾òƷĵĳ޵Ҷ벻Ȼô졭ǶܸɣǴ˵еĻһ飬ȻԵ˹
СʱƮƮǻ˵˼òŵèԳԽӺһȥ濴ƺȫ佱գǣмһˡ
ҶЦںע֮ȴزһߵ⼸èԵøӺݣ˵лңÿһȻ΢Ťβ
ţһŤƨһߵԶ׼ҶЦǰδеԾ̾ӡ佱λٵҵĻһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ǰδг֣һǰδ֣֮ϣ֮⣡
ҶЦűװúܷǳ൱µĶһߣż͵Լ²Цһֻ֣ǿųѾ˷ۺɫ˹ӣзȥ
ŸոսӴ촽һ˲ϸûӴ촽ֻԼкӴùӵֶʱǹˡ˵ĸоͺǾʹڻһ㡣
ҶЦһŵһֻʶһ̽ͼסڻĹӣҪϣЧ᲻ۿۣ಻˵ĵǷӦ϶ⲻ˵ģ
̽һֻȫ޽ػǹӸûµţӵʵ仯ӦģȷʵڽӴĵһʱͿʼڻڻ˵Ĺӣһְٴ麣̬ƣӿҶЦ
ҶЦӦ٣Ȼŵ㣬˿ȴȫ̵ùά͹ڵ״̬ȴһסӵĶȻȴҲͦЦϧĹھֻжһ޸ļ֤ߣеϧˣ
ҶЦȫԼȲȣ㲻ЦֻһоĸоʵһĸоԼ촽ʼһ·ȥ
ĸоӵһƬ
Ǹоݣʵǳԣ޷ʮһ̫ʹˣ
ԭѾܽǿ׳Ϣ֮ȴǸɺµľͻȻһ㡣
ǷˬʹζֱҶЦһҪĪ嶯
Ҫı仯ڣŹӿʼȳ΢仯ģԼȫȫһ쳣٣ȴ쳣º͵ķʽš
ŵķʽȻȫȻûֹһ㡣
ֹڲţžԣҲŶӡ
ӹ֮еҶЦûӵɳҲ¾Ȼ£
һ־ұ仯ǵžţͬŵļ󣬲Ƭ̹⾰ϣ
ֱͬ仯ģǹоפʼٴ㺣һ㣬ѸٵصǵѾͻȻֻ»ὫűҲ˵
ȫϤص֮ڣֿʼһֵı仯ֳεѹ״̬ڼʱڣʹԭӯֻССһš
λõֱ仯ͺԭԼĵһˮӯԼĵݻȴһ󺣣ԭĺˮȴԵļˮˡ
ȻνˮֻǾ󲿷ֵʱˣµǼŨ֮貿֡
ҶЦԭᴿΪ񾫴״̬֮һǹ֮಻ȴ콥ķʽӿӿ뵤
ҶЦܹظܵԼľȻһֹͼԳܵĸоȵھÿһʱָо㼴ȻֱͺԼȫ
ҶЦãԼ壬߸һֻ޴򣬳ӯƣƮƮȻʹֱϾ죬Ҳδزܡ
ʱ֮ȻѾĵҲȻˡ
ȻȻǷ͸оʱܱű
һεһһͣҶЦظоԪƷϣˣϪһůͷʽĻͨ
ϪȻϸȻȴ쳣ݿ̬һ·ƹȥ
ֿʼһֵܶʼ
ʥ
˵У֮󣬼ʱƽƣӵеԪƷ۷Ϊ
һ죬޵У
ҶЦ˿̣ľ֤һϴ˵


460 ָΪ
֪ԵԪ䷨ΣҶЦ֮Լ췭ظһľ˱仯ǧﾡһ仰ֲħǱˣʵ̫ʵˣ
˵ǿģԶʵ
ԵʵȨɫҪǵ֮Ҫû֮һ
ΪֻҪʵ챦Ȩɫȫֿɵã
֮ûʵȻӵٶĺöǱ޷ǿ죬ֻʧȥΪޣ
䣬мֵܹǿʵջ
ڳͻƵḶ́մҶЦϽЩƽϴҩ޷ʣɿǰǿ֮£һԵؼѹ⡣
ֻعǿܼʱҶЦν徻֮塣
ҶЦ֪徻֮壬ֻܴں̵ܶʱ䣬ûκܹԶ徻֮״̬˳ôҲûʴһһ֮䣬ҲһЩʳȻڳصʱܹ徻֮״̬ȴ°빦Ч
ڣԼĳԶչԹĺô
ʱţҶЦ۾ţԹߵĽǶȹԼı仯ԼϢÿһʱÿһ̶ڱ仯ԾһĽ
ԪƷͻƣ
ԪƷ룬۷壬ͻƣ
ԪƷͻƣ
Ʒͻƣ
Ʒ
Ʒ
֤ͬһеĶһߵźӣһڴһ֮Ϣ
ϢǱֻعУʧϧȴĴ֮
ֻعΪ̲Ĵ֮Ч˹
ϢȻ£Ѱȴãħ嶼޷֮Ϊãڷֻع֮˱ͻ֮ʱɢݳ
Ϣһɢ磬ڵһʱطأΪκã
ȻȴǿԽϢȫɣչ鼺õ⣡
ҶЦΪͻƶϢڿռ뵼ȻǺЩϢɣɡ
˴Ϣ֮⣬˼ҶЦϣʱһֿȴʵڵܣһּΪֻع̲صʵܣԣԶԶһԪ߽Ԫ۷ҪͻΪе㶼ֻعȫܵİ²ܻɡõܣתΪɢڷ⣡
ҶЦȻľȻ죬ȴԾɲȫֻعȫܣԻɵĶȻȻɢ⡣
ڶ˵棡
۾èζضһԴԴɽڣ֮仯ɱһ֡
ͱ裬аٱڵ˳᣺һٳΪ
Աߣʮ۽Ľʺ޵ĿŶ
֮Ĵ֮ʱɢݵҲҪżãءֻϧϴȫ̰ռˡһ㲻ǡ
ӣϴԱ֮ǰ϶ûǵķݶ
гԱʱ
֪ҪҲҪԡԡԡƴ԰
ۣ
һ·߸ͽҶЦȫ׵³һѪһѪɫ֮ڿռĵϣǵþòɺԣʣһѪɫʯ
³һѪ֮ҶЦͷȴһƾո֣ͷٻѨλû
֮һ֡
ҶЦ췭ظһľұ仯֮࣬վȻȺ˾ŵͷֹǾŵС͵磬תϢ
ȫгͷľŸС˴˻ţʱţţһͬڱ˴˻߶ΪһΪһŵ磬ıδֹϢֳں֮ջţǼתţο
󣬵ҲںΪһʱλҶЦͷϣʰһȻʹͣסתͷϷλãſһ
ͣҶЦͷϷ
ҶЦĳתҲɢʥĹʣ޾ռ䡭

ҶЦ𣬳˹֮御ΪУ֪Ѿ˽ҪͷֳӯıըһԼǰ۷ʱڵĸо
ľڣԴ棬ǲܽΪУ㲻ɹ
ؼģҶЦ֪ǰĳɹյ㡣
ΪԼʵǵļ徳֮ϣиߡǿľ磡
ƴسת˿ڵͺǴϳȴӣ֮ǰУǳֳȫ޴ӶƣҰһ̬ƣҶЦз̱


461 ɽɽ
ڣҶЦǰһ㱣ֻо֮ٶȴڳӡ
ԭĸоѾʲô֮ǰѾжξλƿ֮ʵʱ磬ֻƿһƣȻϲ¥ΣȴǳҶЦ֮⣬ĸ߲Σӯƣһ֮Ʒϼ壬ϷҲԳһ֮ƺҪ֮ѹص
쳣޴ԼŻֺ֮ܣ͵سײһ
ۣ
ҶЦȻһͷѪȪһ
һȫȻͬǰһΣ֣ҶЦҲ˹ȥ
ҶЦ֮ǰĸоֻСԼĵ֮УԭŭȻƺȫͺ֮£΢Ĵ󺣣һжɢžףϢ
𣿡ҶЦʶ
Ȼʲô֪ˡ
ʱ򣬻ɽϵȴĺѩ֮£վվɽ嶥ϣĿԶ֮࣬Ŀ
ؽľɫĲԺûµʱ򣬿ԶվɽϿ£ĸоҪ̫áѩ̾š
ȻĿתĳһʱʶһ£ףǱߡôôŨƬضסˡ
ѩ°ͣѵǱǡʲô𣿡
ǳʲô飬ѩҲȥ˵ģ
˵ˡ
ϴһ׮йأѩֹ䣬תͷɽ£ֲҵɽ

ѩĿ̳ı˶ˣǱʦͽ֮أ˼ʣǳѰѾӽβ
ڵµıº˳ʦͽȻõʱĴϢ֮Ҳ൱ĸƣȴҲʧȥڵǰȫ˽⣬Ҳ޼ƿʩֻһһ
½ǿʶרעڽϵĴСһδεĺ¡¡𶯣һʼ˷ӽһֱԽԽԽԽ١
Ȼͷϣ쳣ǿʶ׷һԽԽࡣ
ѱƬ֮ȷûκηֵ£Էؾۼ顣
Ͼصĵش
ҲֻͽκΣ飬ʲôطУҪǵͷҪǻط˵ʦͽˡ
ڣɢʶҪܵСģҪ
ǰ˳ԭļƽ㣬￴Σʵȫڣͬʱױ뵽Ѱĵط
Щȷûз֮վȥԶפڴˡ
ʦͽֻҪһֱţ뿪֮ٳȥҲǰȫˡ
ȴû뵽վȻѡܽᡭ
һ֮⣬ȴ֮еɺϡ
ȼƻ֮ɺϣκӦԷ˳Ǽͨ죬ҲֻһĪչֻ
ϷѾȫȥ˲ʮɿռ䣬еĴһ鶼ˡȫûκη֡һ˵ص
Ҳˣͬûκη֡
ͬûз֡
Ҳûκη֡
ĸĸһ㱨һ֮󣬴˵λλõһɫزÿ
Ϊڵϣ̷Ǻ֪һ¹ش󣬴ˣҲҪͶӧŴǰ£֪˵ʱȴ֪Ůʧˡ
ʧˣǾѰңи˽⣬ݣȷŮǾҪֵ군ˣ˻ˣһ군ǲݣ
ڵȴǣζ޷ҵټɽ֮һѵļ˾ٶ
ΪԪƷмĸ̷֣ţɱСãµĺȴڶܲ
̷嵱һҲҴ⡣
ڵ㲻ҲûˣҲˣ˭򶼰״
ȷĸûз̷֣۾ѵŮ˻ܷ˲ɣһ飡
۾ɨܵڵӣᶼɱ˵ĳ嶯иǻ˻һͲסԻͻϲȥ
һȺ׳գ壡
ô֣ô֣ץŮ˾ȻץסôΪѵɵˣһһͣȥˣô˹ˣ
Ϸʱ򣬻ܹ˵һ䣺ûҵ
ûҵү
ûҵզȥأ
̷˼ѾٱˣЩ


462 ֻһ£
ΪһԪƷǿߣľȻԶˣһѹֵ㣬Ŀ̶ֲͬԶ˵ģ
ڳĲٸ֣֪λϵƢĴβ֪λүϾҪˡ
λүһ𣬿ڳе϶ñȥһƤ
иһתԼǣϣʵһƬ򣬻һطûѰ
̷תͷݺݵ˵˶Ȼ֪еطûѹղΪʲô˵
ڵ˱ǵԪƷ߽ߣȻ˼̷Ŀע֮£ȴһ仰ҲҶ˵֪
֪ôĵĵ֪Ͻ˵ûѹѵҪϷ򹧹㲻ô̷屩ס
˷׷һĿ⿴һ
˲ɵ˰ɣеؽ綼ѹˣﻹеطûѹһ﴿ҳ顭ʱվǹ֮ã˭Ҳû˵
ȻûǣǾ͸Ͽ˵Ķ⼸ʵ
һᣬָŽ´أǽ¡Ƭؽ緽Բɵķ룬нлûĵطĵطɽѾˣ۷Բؽ磬ΨһûѹĵطֻʣЩ˽ˡ
һ˵ⷬʱĵͷ
β֪Լ˵ĽĿ΢΢Ϊɵڼͷص㣬̷׵̷һֱפؿţ
һ˵ڣ̷Ȼ
ϼŭҲ֪أôһͺ˵˳
˵󣬲֪ڡ
Գ磬ˮգ֮κΣ
ֻܵһֵڸˣôôôǷأ
̷׵ܣҲȵ̷屾˸ߣ
ϣ̷ߵ̷ҲǲȻŭ˶˼˵Ϸ۾ϹˣŮҰص䣿
һ£ԪӴҲ˵ʲôղóóȻ˵֮ҲԼ˼·⣬ͷ
˿̷̱ôһʣȴʱ෴С
ֵѾôӣϣǿòݣ
ƾʲôôǳң
ֵеְλ㲻ƽΪҸأŵԪƷԪнߣӿƷ׼ĸ߽ߣ
ҪϵѾϼⳡ֨ôĺǳң
ҵģҳŪѾġ
λԪƷԭ˵Ҳͷе֪ͲʲôƢˣ̷̷ݵλʵԶ֮ϣԭȻ޻˵̷ֱָźȳ⣬ӵʱҲס
ղǼͷΣ⻰潲˵£ҵҵȻйͷǾͲ鲻ΪԣϸΣƫƫͺúõһѹͷ㿴
̷֣⻰ʲô˼ֻǵ˵ǰڣ
򶨵ԭ̷ֱֵ۾ǰ̬ԣظκεĿԶܷŹȣѾ϶Ů»ûǰص룻ϵжϣҵȻŷġΣƬ򣬳ֻһû֮⣬ûǡ
ԭﶼǸһŲ˺κǣԾʮɵķʽѹˣƬأȲ˵ģûùʮɵķʽɣ
۾̷֣һһٵ˵ΪƬĸˣǲҲ־ʮɣȱ©ȴҪҵƣҵ֮㲻˼Լ©Ҷζ״Ǹ̫аգǸûʵй
ԭ۵Ļڡжϡ棬˶㶼֪ϾһѲŮȫҲֻһ˳е
ǡԼһǸĵطѱˣ̷ָĵ©Ŀԣȴζ״ĺȳߣ񼣿
ԭʵΪΣв֪־ڲȴ֮ˣ͵ǰ̬ƶԣֻ˱ӦԵĸǡ֣
̷ȴǳŭôƨʲôǱѲϸҺγһֱ￴ţһûƬһһľκη紵ݶҵʶţаԭ˵⻰ǺξģӲָҸŮᣬԷô
̷ֽΪβһʮɵֵߣίԭĻʼѾ˴ҵע⣬һۿ̷ֵ񣬾ЩƵζ


463 
Ȼһﰭ̷Ӳٶ˵ʲôҵȴѾ֮ж˳
̷״вⰵ̾һԼܵܣǸûаĻĲݰô꣬ް㳤ԼţʱʱգѾŪ˼ǧΡ
죬ֻǶ̶̵ļ仰ͱ˴˿һ۵ԼҲվ˵Ķ档
͵ǰ״ԣԼǼֲôǸԴ̻ԼĵܵˣҪڳģؼҲҪģʧŮλҪԼȫ̱
Ҫ˵ˣҶͬţϷ·ֻһͬʣ̷֣һߣ
̷أ˵Ĳκ˵Ҳ¹Ҫ˵ңĵطҲһҪѣʵʤ۱磬һжʵ˵
̷ԼǻЩ૵磡
̷һȡ
ԼղŵһѾҪɵĸ߶ȣǰԼԼܾܵȻǲϡ
ΪԼ֮Уܹһ첻
νѺˣ˼ֱǺȫҵĿ
̷ۼ緢𣬺һţһߣֱ˵˵ʵʤ۱磬һнʵΪ׼ҵҪδҰصѳ
ԭ˼ҲƳﻢҧ˵һʵ˵νҧĽ֣Ѻˡ
̷ֺٺЦҪŮ˳ôУ֮⡣
˾ĬȻ˳ʮ֮⣬࿴̬չ
ʵϣ̷ֵܣԭԼڣڳˣѹûΪܹѳֻҪˣֻһһ̬壡
ҲעҲˣѾһֻ֮˵һҹϵ־硣
̷бԼܵһ㣬ͬǽȫ㵽ԼĶȥˣǰƸ治ֺãѲԼûܻסԼĵܵܣԼŴɥ
ǡѳԼĵܵܿɾԭ˵йˣ
ʱκ˶Ȳ
ȹغ΢ͷȻõ˲صĽŵ£ȴȻ֪ǻȻ֪ҲˣȻ㻹Ѳ飿ʲô
ֱӾĴɶŹˡ
ԭһ
˵ʵڵģҲûָѳ
ȴίʵʲȥ޴йҾͽʮɵĻᣬй
һ̣ȴԭһȣ˫һ壬Ȼһ˵档²죬ȴֺֹʮɣʮɵز㣬ǯס
ڳˣеһ쳣صĸоʱ
̷ŭһڳ˼ĵҲͲʮҲͲˣԭҲ֪Ƿʲô񾭣ҪԼԣȻҪһʮôĵز㣡
ֻҪûˣ㽫򶼷Ҳǰ׷
һ̡
𣡡
ԭĺôһƬأͬһǽһ
ʮɺʮɷԲĵز㣬һ鷽ʯһ㱻
ԭȻӵеԪƷΪ˹ȴҲǱͨ죬ٲά裬Ͼ˿̵͵ͬһ֮ʵʵؾһСɽһȣջҡ
֮£һ鲻ʮɵķ飬ʹ˻ȥ
һ̵磬ȫžġ
˶ס˺۰Ͱ͵ؿǽ£ж룬ԭһؿǽʵʵĵ̷塣
ֻҪûˣôҪôأ
ЩˣҪӦô죿
¡
һ졣
Ƿ޴¡
ᣬѾвóĿԭֱڿĵ˵ôô¿ôզճ
ôڴˣǷز֮У
췽ҹ̷
Ȼصһ˲䣬˵е췽ҹ̷ǰ
һ˲̷۾һӹ˳һ͹ĳۿ֮⣡
ҲſˣеѪڵƣֻҲէֱ֣Զ׼һּȲšȫ޷ŵı顣
ڳ֮У̷ΪߣȻѾ֮ȴΪ𺳣ûڵһʱʾ˵ȴΪӽǡԼΪĹϵûз֣ȻûзֵһҪأҲΪûз濼һЩϸ΢˿Ȼ˷֡
һ̷ı仯֮⣬ͬʱ֮У
һ̡ǺСɽһ֮УͻȻһӰٶ
ʯڽ


464 ӣ
էֵӰϻһˡ
һ˲Ļ֮࣬Ѹٻȴ˳ƮƮˣһӦ޲֤ԷһŮˣŮһ㣬ŴĿĻֺ뽣⣬һĵһʱȻڰա½ԭȥ
ʱ㣬ĳ̲Ÿոս𣬻ûü档
̷۾ҲֻǲŲЩ΢˿󡭡
ԭΪйͷǿһȫ͸֧һĽôһƬϤ׿߻˵עûСɽһ㣬ΪһʼûܹܴҳҪѰĿ
Ȼ棬ֻ벻ģûвܵģȫû뵽飬Ȼľͷǰ
ϧλɹѰĿĴ󹦳עûݴ͵أ
ո㣬۵ǰҪڵĳˣûȫһžͿһĴĿ⣬˼һԼϮ
˲䣬ԼȫҪȫ޷״ƽڵϣͬɽˮԼôҲжܻӲƴһµء
Ȼ˿ڰաԭȫȻ޼ƿʩ
ܽȫϣһУ˰
У⾪ϲζ޼ǿ־度µռ˾󲿷֡
ϬֶɱɭȻ
ԭһ֣ƴ֮Ƶǰͻӹȥ
ֻܹ΢ĵһҲУֻҪһһ΢΢ĻأԼӳĻᡣ
ϧ
šۡһͻĽ̻ͬһǰţšһԭгȫ޿صıɣͬʱؿһʹԷѾԭؿҪǿὣǻλγֱı
漴էֵıȻսԭ߳˹ȥ
ԭֻоؿһһȣԼѪⱼγɵĴֱ˿̣Ծûء
תͷ̷̷ֵվķӣͻۿĳ⣬˫͹˳
ûü˵һ仰ӿϵѪѶ˺ͷǧԹޣֵĳӣȴб˳
һ۵տ˵ʡǣһ
ϧʣû˻شû˻⣡
ΪڳΨһĵһ£ֻС
ϣ
ס
̷ɫˣһ˼ƮɶȫȻת£
Ϊ˵ƶֵڶ
澣ܵڸҲ׷׻عһأ𾪵ľ˵˫ȣƴһ׷˹ȥ
һ֣ҪֱӽԷը飬ȻǿͨҲʱ䣻ȻԷϡã˵ȻԾûгķѵļ
˵ˡ
ɲǼһ亹Ҳ֮˳
ԭˣΪȻԼߣ߳һ磡
Լֵһʵ̫ˣͨһ˲ĶƴȻԲ˵״̬ѵ˼㣬뼫͸֧Ѿδ΢״̬ڰգ˿Խأһ㿹֮ԼһߵУҪֱΧ֮У
ͷ壬⵶ӰѻһƬз籩вֽбͶķʽ˳ķ֮Ϯ
һ󽣹⣬ٶ֮ϣ̷壬ȻһʼǵԪƷǿߣڳΪǿ֮ˣȻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾӰʮɣ
̷Ҳ˿ƴһȫ֡
ǰ״ɲĿΣֻ˵ҪĽѾתˣԼĵܸܵһƬȻĳ⣡ŮˣȻľͲ棬ڵܵ·
һΪ˴ԭһ
ԭΪ׸ߣǻɳΪΣĻ⣬˵ȷģľԼܵܣ޿Ĩɱ޿磡
Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬̷Լ˿Ҳֹࣺ⣬զ£
Ů˾ŵ¡
֮ǰжôٶۣȫ䱸״̬֮£õŵ£Ȼȫûз֣֮ǰ㻹ĵ۾˵û⣿
ѵܾܵȻŮй᣿
һ뵽Щ飬һ뵽ԼҪԼܵܣǻɵĸ̷顣
֪һ㣬һץסŮˣԼܵܣֻԼҪ󺣶ϴˡ

׷ԽԽȫǸ֣
³̾һֱ죬Լʦͽˣߵ;ĩ·
ˣ
֪ʱ˳ѾĵؽԼϵĲˣֽرסʦĲӣ˸ƺڿʲô
Ȼ˳͵һҧ


465 Ѫ
ԽԽƷĺХȻ̾һ֪˼ҪѣѾϼѣӵǰƲжϳԷ˵ԪƷ֣
Լٴγ漣Ҳ϶ϲ˵Ķ֣
ԪƷ۷ԺƷǿߣ޿أ
ʦͽˣϣͼҵĻҲһ˵Ϊۣһ˻ȥ
Ҳֻϣͼһң
˼תϣץȥȵǣߣҪͷߣ
ǼƶˣֻҪиأȻҵԷ©֮ӳ졣
Լ
ȻһץȴȻץһա
˳Ľڱֵǰһ˲뿪˱µ壬˳ƮȥʦߣҪҰ
ȻĽڿӯһת̷壬¶һ˿Цݣȴһȼյľ
뵽˳벻Ǳ뵽ȴֻһԸ뷨ԼˣȻһʱƸЧȣǰ£ԼԼҲ϶ûĻᣬνĽңνǳ룡
ԼԼһãֹһ¶ԷĹƣôʵ۷ʦӳĻƱؽ࣡
ǵǰȷѡ
ôҵʦһӳĻɣ
˳һϮ£УȾѪȾѾɫȻһ˲䣬˵У˳ԾһλʤѩľɫŮӣ
˳ơ޾绪һܾµչڵǰ
ڰƯţɢǵ֮ͻȻȫ˵ƣȴûʱ򣬷ɢһ칬һʥ࣡
漴˳ӾͿʼ˼ת
תĳƮȹǣǣ֮ƮȻۻ࣬˵ĸ֪֮У¾һȾĺɻھأһȦһȦʢţ
񹦣ľȫ
һ쳣ƣ˲ȫ
ҪҪɰһתͷ˳ǱѾչĹһտ֮£ĵѣһɲǼ䣬ʲôˣͷһƬհס
ɣ
ʲôʱ˳ȹװʲôɫʲôʽȹȲλԶһȦɻʽ
˿ֻװΣΣߣ˳ϲƫģֻ䣬ͼŮӵȹϣʵһˡ
ȻֻƮƹļλ̫ϳϺͱµȼ˲֪˳ϵͼΪ˺ÿװ
ǡĲֶΡ
һżõһ·ʱ̫ԶǼէ֮ۼĻȻ˲䣬֧飬ԭࡣ
Ůӵİ֮ģ˰ΣһɫĻȻôԼУȴܣҲ֮У
Ȼֻ֮࣬ⷢ澡٣·ŵɻͼԾͬһ㡣֮£ץһƬϸӣžЩɣѰƣʹһĽƳɡ
ļʶҲûмֽ˼У˵Ҳûܹ֮ϵ£
ֽʵޣָжϼһĲƥ죻öҲ޷ƻһ˿һһԼȴ˲üʵ޼᲻ݣ
˱ɣȹϣƽʱȻװΣȻһ˶ս֮ʱȴһǿķճ䲻֮ɽγ˵ƴһС
ɡ
л
칬ɣ
ǧɽ
ħ
һе֣ǽѪۣ
ɣѪ۶
һеɱ֮Ũأ֪
յΪֻõԪƷ˽ɵʹ÷֮ùһΣóĽǡԵʱļΪɣǵԪƷ۷ǿߣҲδصֵס
֮еİԵ̶ȿɼһߣ
ߣպΪԪ۷֮󣬹ܽһеļƲ⣬ԼԵԪƷ۷ļΪӣҲֻŵӳȫʮ֮һѡ
ܻҪ١
Ϊ֮Уŵʱ򣬻һΪķ߶ԼҲֻܿģһƬСڵ㣬ʲô
ΪԪ۷ȴҲδؾܳ׼ɡ֮еļܣ
ݵλΪۣۣʹɡ򱶣


466 
ʼʵȱȻȴ̫ȤЯټãȻʼδһãرȴʹɳ֮ӣǾãı֮ϣЯ֮ãԾУٻԼǿ֮ģǰ֮·
һ֮󣬸ɴཫ֮ȡƮƹΪб
˳ΪͽڼСӵʱ򣬷˳֮ߣȻ˵Ʈƹк󱲵֮ڡ
ֻҪܹɳпƮƹǰûеĸ߶ȡ
мڴˣ㽫õġɡ͸˳Ϊĵƣڽʹ÷֪ͬʱ룺ʱ̣ɶֶΡ
ɡܹȻˣʹҪͬˣΪԪ֮ǰ߷δ֮ʱ߶ؽྡྷɣôֻ·һˣ
˳Ϊϲɻõɡ֮󣬰䱦ɴͽ֮ȫԼȹ棬ȫޱˣԵɡ˱֮٣ʶ֮ˣȴҲ벻һԪСϣҪΪֱȫεǶȹϣע⡣
ʱ˿̣Σʱ̣˳Ψһİ취ǡԼȫ߶ɣ
סɵܣŬסˣʦһְȫ뿪Ļᣡ
ԼԴ߶ɣྡྷʲôģ˳Ĺ˲ϣԼϾҪںЩеûģ𣿣
˳ڰмתͣӿֳǹȻ׷еһ壬һƬɰ𣬲֪ӺζҲ֪δ
ŰԽԽŨ˳ΣȻһƬŨ֮Уޣãȴת
²δ˻Զݣ׶ѪĴУĸϻǣȴҲһܽӽ˳塣
ɡ֮һҲ棬˳񣬶Ѿһ֮УĪ˵ǼɽѣҲˡ
һߣ̷˳⽣â˸ʮɣǿнһƬ֮Уȴţ뺣ȫЧ޴ͻơ
ƬŰէ֣ͬһְβţ߲·޷жļɬ
һ̣һΧȻ˳ڵ
л
ԽԽŨԽԽƺһƬƬ䣬֣Ʈ޶ˡ
̷һĿǰأ˼ƣСģʲôУҪٽ䡣
ڳ˾мңΪȻͷ
Уٶ
칬ɡ
ɰէ֮ɵŨԽԽ࣬ᣬ˷ǿƾۼȻⷽԲɵĿռ䣬ȫ֣Ũ꣬ƺڰ֮Уʱʱ֣һɻ٣ȻɳǣСɲ¶ǣ
ǧɽ
˳ѾЩ˼̴УѪ߳ϣҲѪ˿
еΪǿд߶һƴһ㲻ϣ·ߣܲ˳֧һ̣֮δ֮졣
ʵ˳ܹ֧˿̣һ̷֣壡
̷ϳɳأȿ˳ʲôУ뼺СҪڿʹԷֲһԣⱾǶԵġ
Ƕ˳ԣҲĪ֮İȻӵ˶ĿҲԷЧЧȴȫ޴ۣҸ޵ģ˳ӵһԪƷ۷ΪȻԪı׶ˡ
˳ǰԪζֻƾһ߶֮УҲ֮ܣԷƵã˵΢΢Ҳ࣬һζ񹥣ĳ˵ĹżȻеĲеĳǴ֮󣬶˳лɡ
̷һСѣӴٳ˳֮У
ٹƬ̣Ȼ֮еʵܻδ֣ȴѾʼľ磬԰֮ķ˳
һ磬̷塣
̷ͽ䱸ģ׼ƾٽһһͬĺĳһ𣻽죬̷ҵһȻ㲻һ
һλԪƷ֣е˳
µǣԷƵһУȻûг׳ͣ
̷תɫһ䣬ȵˣ
δ䣬Ȼȥ
ȻӸոƮ𣬽ҪʼƵ˲䣬Ũ֮е˳ĳޣ֮УͻȻȪһӿѪ
һ̣˵Ѿ͵š
ħ
һ֣ڵʶһ˲䣬ȫݽߣ
ȫתΪ֮еĶ


467 ɱ
˳ڰ֮ҡһ£ʹ˵ȥиǡۡһѪѪ
ͬʱ֮εصɻȴͬһʱһ¡
ԭŵĻǶ䣬֮زһ£漴͵һڣǶͻȻ¶һĨ۰ףȴƺţ֮һ٣ּһһƬ꣬͵һ롣
һ̣ɻһ˵ķȣģŵģš
һ̵Ŀ
˳֮Ҳһ̣ųһ֮еѤã
֮䣬ͻȻһƢ㣻ԭŨֲָһ̣ת֮࣬Ļ꣡
ǰĻ겻ޱȣӵпֲ˼ɱ
šһתŵĻ꣬ɷԲռ䣬չ޲ĺɨƣ
һڵӣΪˮ׼ҲԪƷнײΣ˼Ļӽ
šꡱһ죬ĳŸһһ껨꣬ȫ޿صֱѣƬԾɱת̬ƣн켣˿ҲûܵӰ죬н壬ȻԾݻٳһ㣬ƮƮŴǰط˳תţǰ׷
ǸӵǰһѪȻϸȴתŹȥģѪӦ֮⣬Ϊ
Ļߣȫޡпҹ׷ɱȴǷԲأ
һ˵ۼ컨˹ٲһζĶܣ׷ױźߴߣⳡ޵Ļɱ
һƵʱ˱仯˳ıΪʼ̫ǵԪƷϵߣȻĿƵĻչΧһʱ֮Ҳͺ̵ɢˣԵɱ֮
ˣڳЩԪƷϵĸȻԲǱЩиñˣ˺ۣѪ졣
֮λΪŽԣ£Ԫ൱˳ֳ⿳ЩԪߣҲδ˵һë
˳˼ʴ߶һУȴͽǼһȫû
ս˾̾
̷ǵԪƷǿߣʵȻ߲ͬȻҲǲˣг⻯һⴱ÷겻͸Ȼĺɻ꣬ǵ֮ȴʼδ˼ֺ
Ȼ޻ɱ쳣ľˣΪ̫ܷͣӳɱҲ伫ޣҪ˵ǵƾһиɵһλԪƷǿߣ޻̸֮൱˺δ
ֻδһ£̷ɱȴһ£
ƽĶۣǵһƬɱҲܹԵԪһвδɱڵԪƷֶԣֻϷ
ֻһƬƬ֮евз޲޴󣬻йƵʵܼ㴵һƬɱӻֻʮƬꡢ׽°ٶƬ꣬ܰȻܼɱô
һƵʱ򣬵ιͬʱһ㣬һʱ򣬾תΪʱʱ򣬾ǵԪƷǿߣҲҪиееӦΪѵʱ
̷ĸоˣʼһʱܼĻɱʱȻֵ֧סȴֻо𶯣ۣһ˫ֱۣû˸о
гɴʵ죬ڸղһܼʱ̣Ѿ촷ۣ
ಽ̷˹Ʋ˿һ·ٺˣһǿάϵܵķߣһʱڴҴ
󲻶ϴһһҽУڵļΪĵڻ֮²¾
ԭⲢ⣬ڴ˼ʣ̷ԼӦΪѣЩʵĵӺ⣬ǵһޱϤ̷֮ĵʱˡ
硭ҡԼ̷ֵܵʮɴ¶ʹ־Լ
̷˼ʸͲһͷӲ̷ڵλ֧ԮǸλãΪĵӺŵڣǺɱֵĵطνǵǰյĵط̷ӦǰĻɱѸгλóȻյأ֪׵׶༪٣ȴҲֻһһ߲ˡ
һβѲ˵ӣȫг͵кö˶Ѿӵжһ棬Ϊһǿʱ
˵ǰһ̷֮ʶЩӣܹģֻʮһ
ΧԼЩ컨ͿԸоЩΪڵԪƷ֮µĵӣܹҴϣã


468 һһ
̷жҡ
һεͻȻϮֵҿǸһֱš˲ǸŮ֮ǰõϣŮΪҲԪΣԪı߶ļ˲ежվޡ
һζΪϸߵǸŮĻ
ԼҪˡ
ɣΣ籩裬ȻҲҴңȥҲҴң֪ʱһ㣬һϮ֮ոŨ˼ҲʧӰ١
֮䣬Ŀ
˳ίڵϣ֪
ⳡ޻ϮɱҴߣ£ĿĹ֮ʣȴʮ֮⣬Ѫ֣Ѫϸ֮£ɷԲ֮УȫϸӣܳŹ⻨ϮɱߣԭʬʲôӣҲѿˡ
ʵȫʬʵĻΪ촷ۣ
һ˼˳屧ڻ£ɵѾͷôôɵء
´˼ʱüҪʹȥˡ
ԼͽܣԼ׽ˡ
ôΪԼˣ
˳Ұһһûˡ
ޱȵʹԼʹԼôôûãԼͽԼԼʹԼղôûע뿪ûڵһʱֹʩչ˹֮У档
ʹԼʣͬĴ֮壬ͬ񹦣ϻгʹӵġɡԼʩչˣԼǰΪΣ֮ôҲӦǰ桭
·ޣһ̣ѾУˣԼվ֮УԶԶûȫݵĳ̶ȣ
˿̱£ľֻȥİͽ

ڵǰ״Ӧģʽ˳Ĳ֮ͬ
ͬλ˳ĵε˸УԾɻڵһʱˣҲѾװȫˣܶʼﻮ׼
һ仰˳˵üãҪҰ
һݸݸ塣ǣԼںܹúõĻȥΪ˴һݻȥ
˳ҲԻߡ
ߵޱȸɴࡣ
ǱӦԽȻͬ
¸˵ĸоһ˪£ƺҲûУУ˶һײ͡
ʵϣģȴһһ
ĸǸ£ڣԼҲ֪ȫףԼӦߣӦ˳˵Ǿ仰ĵһʱ䣬ԼʧԶǧ
Ҳȫֻ֪Լˣȫˣ˳˼ֵ塣
֮󲻹Ǳѩޣ飬ǴпΪ
Ȼһ̣ڿ˳ΪڻԼߣϧѪ۵ʱ򣬱ȴֻоͷкһʲôˡ
һ̣Ψһ뷨ǡҲҪһ
ôţͽܵԼţ
ˣҲͽܣҲܽ£
Ҳóһ˹·Ұ߾Ȫڤ;į
Ա·ǵûߣˡ
ⲻò˵ʵ̫ڸ£˳ȫȻ׷ѡ
ǣȴҲָ¡ɸĹ´˵
˶ôѵȨ׵ʧô硭ҲĲôˡ
ȻҲôã
ಡ
һƿյȻ𣬱̧ˮ۾ѭȥֻڵļͷˣȻֻˡ
ȻһƱ˺ۣʵȴûʲô󰭡
ֻ߸ˣ
߸ÿ˶һʱ֮ѡʵǿᣬˣҲɱбȫ
˿̣űµУ˾֮⣬ֻĳޣǾŮ˵Ĳǣ֮ǰǸŮ˷УΪһղ˵ѾȻǰǰŮ˾Ȼûг˻Ӷݣڴʹᣬʱ䣡ⲻҪ˴жںϹһһʮӢӣһлѪ֮Уһڷ
ʬ嶼Ҳˡ
׵׵ĳΪһƬ⣡
ǸеŮ˿;ƿˣȻʳޣȻҪһҴϣ
̷˼ʽűµ񣬼޲һڽˣȥпɻ׵̷֣׿ʦųԹ𣬹ɱ֮𣬾ǲ죬ĳ޵߸ˣΧס£׶˱ݵĵ·
´˿һԾɳڼȱ֮УʲôԼҪʲôֻͷտյƺԼͽܣڲԶĵطԼԼ
ڵԼΪ


469 ƴ
ᡭСĵı˳壬૵ҡ󣬸Ϊ˲Ϊ֮£ʵȴı󶯣Ϥȫ̲ŻᶯеͺܵСһҹ·Ầ¡Ȫ·¼һƬûȻ˹ҲǻẦµġ
½˳εذԼϣȻһֳֽվͬ˳޵ǰ߸һɨ˹ȥ
УȻһƬŭڡһݵгݳޣ
Ʈƹ˭̷Ŀصű¡
Ʈƹ֮ڣΪﵽԪƷϵĸ֣ԼǶ֪ǰŮӣȴǴûҲûϡ
֮ǰõ鱨ŮӳʵܸߣҲ͵Ԫףһ·ϵսͻͽǿͻƣǰŽԪƷ۷壡
̷֮ԱǣΪ˵Υʷķνһ·ͻƣ̷ŶԷһֱʵÿյʱ򱬷һ㣡
ǰŮȻˣۻ࣬ϸ֮£ȴӺݡԼò׵ŮӣʵﲻǸ׼ԼҲӦ֪ǡ
ȴȫӡô£
ѵŮƹصİӣ
ţ˵Ӧþˣ
ߣһԪƷϸ˱µ꣬𽥸ɫݺݵԭ㣡£ôĵӣ
̷ҧɻ£
ŮƮƹ̫ϳ˾ͽĹŵӡλԪƷҧ˵ֻ˵Ů񵭣ʲô顭벻һθô󶯾ģԴͷȻ
̷建ͷ¶ɫʲô񵭣һαװѣǰˣ˭ĵӣһΣһҪģ
һڸղǳɱ֮е׵ܣ̷˵Щˡ
תһ룬ȴ뵽̷һŵ²ŮӵͨȻȻҲʧˣԼԼļ壬δһ¡һ
뵽ԭҾȻЩɡ
ɣ˳壬¶һҪ޵ЦǷߣҶߵģ
ϡһ°νʣָڳʢ̷壬˵ɣҵͽܾܰ죬
̷ЦЦ̫ˡһ֣˽ۣ
߸ͬʱν֡
߸ܹ˳зĻѪ۴֮ҴģһҲڵľˣЩΪ͵ģҲǵԪƷ۷壬Ϊߵˣﵽ˵ԪƷĸ߶ȡ
̷屾ˣ׵ĵԪƷнףһƷмԪƷԪƷ۷壬ټԪƷ۷塣
߸ˣһ˶Ǳܵ˼ߴֺһԪƷı£ÿ˶Ϲһ˲
ݻñˣǲǳЦ
ߴ֣²˿ɫеĻԽԽԳңͻȻһ𣬽һ֮£Լ޷ƥеǿеʱ̣¾Ȼѡ˵һʱ䣬֣
ȫ֣Χɱ̷ҲһƬѪ⣬εΧжʵڳ̫̫ı˼ڶ˱˷ĵˣȻҪսپһζ֦
һλԪƷ۷̽ЦΧɱ̫˰ɣɱţһ˾ͺã
˵ʱʱ죬Ѿ嵽ǰХ
˿ʵδ˿һһ󽣹⾹Ȼͬɽһ֣οʵȴǺزһɳصѹӦǱ¡
ͬʱһȵϢ֮ɢ
ȷʵ񹦣Ӧ˷
Ȼǲ·Уʵȴһֱֱóѹ׵ľ

⣬˫ȫʩΪһͬڰǿӲ
˫޻ٵһƴ֮࣬λڵƷֽ¶ȻһΣ漴ˡһһƬ貵ĹâٶȺȻ䡣
Ǳȴ㲻ȣһģһԷǿú˵
޻ٵǿӲƴΨһϵľ˫ʵΪԼһ·ȻͻƣǰΪֹڵԪƷ۷壬ԷԪƷ۷ΪȽϣһ󾳽磬ǿʹӲƴ֮£С
ȻǱƴ֮ģԵʵǰǵıֲ


470 ֣
£۵ȫ壬־ܰɣλԪƷ¶һ˿п᣺ôƯ˶õϧԼգαؽԼʬŪõأǾʹ֣ұһȫʬ
ô˵ȻȰԴ⣬ּұµľӲγս
Ա䣬ٵĴϢţУѾһƬѪ졣
Ե˵ĻûС
´˿ֻһ£һ
ǣʹɱʵȴ˵У֮κΣ
޷УԶԷΪ͵һԼǶ֣
ʵ˹Լȴ̸αѩޣ
˳壬Լϣ̴棬㷢ȫƮԼǰҵͽܣ׵ˣ
ΪҶ
ΪǰЩˡ
ȴΪ
һЪ˹ıŭӱµȻֽͻȻŭ

һ̣ΨһͷֻҪѣֻҪԼѤã£ΪۡҲϧ
ƣȫҪˣҲû壡
ŭ֮УܹоԼ棬ԼģͻȻˣ
νˣݴʵġ顱ˣеˣµһӻ촷ۣ
ӿѪ֮Уһɲ֪ӺεĪİͻȻȼ
һӴݵͻȻϱͷ㷢ΥķʽֱڿƮ衣
һޣ棬ӱµϣ͸ΧγֳһʵĻǹ㡣
財
էֵ棬ʲ壬ȴһȼĸоĿĻȼˣڱ˳壬ȴǺˣΪȾƺֲ߱ǿȼܣ
еĽΪĳֳ֣΢ı仯ͬ߱һ㣬УĲ˵𶯡
ϣһ֮Ȼڶֱ֮⡣
Уžž
Զ׼Ļɾ߱൱ɱ
³۾ؽǸԪƷ֣ǣȫҪ
չȻ䡣
һһ棬ųŷʮɣƺأǧһоһһһκγѸٵ㷽ʽͽͣ
ΨһӦԷֻӲӶѣ
λԪƷ˾ɱ֮ȴֻһЦ漴ȵܾ֮ȸ£Ū飬ǣ
гһԿǰķʽӭȥ
˿˵ɣȴֺγ֪һѾȫеľӳ֣һԲýӡ
ֻҪˣԷҲҪʱ;ƿݣΪܲԼķʹ
ϾԾԼ֪µʵһССĵԪƷ֣ͷһ¡Σ
֮ǰһӲƴγǹľȫȴ䵽ȫ·𣿣
˼ٶӲƴֻжٲ
λԪƷ˲ʱϣгʵ̬µĳײһ
һεĶƴڳ˵Ԥ֮⣡
һ죡
ǵԪƷ۲ŵĿǰĹһĻԼĳԷĽӴһ˲䣬Ȼȫ޿֮ܣһʱˣ
˲֮࣬ϰؽһνԭƵĹбб˳ȥ
ԷĳĻ棬ڿԼĳ֮Ծ˿ֲͣĳ
˼״󺧣ǹ߾ս֮ˣӦ٣ʱȥǰضϽһ˫ƻ糵һٵӰ˼ΣսΣѽȫΪϤ˫֮䣬ȫԷɱ֮
˫ͬʱӸǼٺˣȻѾԼƾסԷһɱɥʧģȫƲȫԷɱУֻϣԼȡһ㻺ʱ䣬Ȼ˿̣һɳĸоѾǰ
֮£ʶĴһң
ľƽ֮û˫ƲӰڽӴԷĽ֮󣬾ȻϤһŰɢȫЧ潣ߣһ̤ǰǰָ
棬ڵĸּ״ͬǴʧɫһ֡
֮ǰ̷Ȼһ£һ֣Ⱥ֮սپ̷屾ڣûһ˰ѱ¿ڣһʵع⣬ûƵĵԪƷߣܷ˻
ԵǸԪƷʱҲûмʱսһƴ֮¸Ǵ󶨣
˾ױ¶֮ǰŮӵУƵĻǸŮ֮ǰʩ߸ղŵĵһʱҲȫ˿ȴֻƴʽսȻǼֹڴˣֻǭ¿
ȴû뵽һ˲ˣ


471 
ղȻƲף˾֮࣬ȴûֱӳ֣ǵԪƷһ˶ԵУЩ˾ǾþУϼ޻֮СĽδ˼ʤǰܣõԪƷǰ棬ʤˣȻãܣҲһէʵ
Ƕսսا䣬ǵԪƷȫм֮˲ʱأ´˼ʱֳɱǿֲβ
ȻٲӣΧϣֹ£һҪ֪ޣ̵֪Ķ־ɱ
֣أȻ˲ͱ濴ɷԲ֮ڣһİ貵Ľ⺣˸ŶĿĹ⻪
ȻµĳǵԪƷӰǰβ׷ȴ˷һĽ
˴һͷѪ֣ͬʱַľ罣Ѿ˱ǰɱ֮ƽɡ
ڼ䲻ݷ֮һХһ糵һǰܼһ
šһХƷ
һƬʵһȻһĳǽµȫŵĽ¡
žžžž
ܺ־ɱˣ뾪һˣ
ǵĳµĽӴһɲǣ⾡طײ죬Ȼÿ˶ǸоԼھһ¡
һȻĪĴ˾㲻ȣӷ׷׺
£֪˵̵ǰ£ҪǿɾҪð൱յġ
ʶһˡ
˳岽һʱͷг̷ֻ屾˵ǿڵгϣȫһСȱڣ
˲ĵһ׷̧ͷ״¡
Ůˣһ֮£ߴӲƴȻľͽҵıһ
⡭ǵԪƷΪ
̷𾪻Ҫ֮ϣбȱڣ̷е𺧵˳ʧȱھȻһ£ԼбҪ֮ϣԼԪƷнΪӳ֣սȴ˵ʧһ£˵ʲô˵´˿гķѾߵһĳ̶ȣΪ࣬ӵ彣ʵصĳ̶ȣγ𺧽Դͷɱէֵ𵽵ô£Ӱ˹
ǰսĵԪƷּǻµĨŶͷϵһƬѪȻ£лл
һ仰û˵꣬ͻȻһҺ
̷޲ɴ۾ֻоԼĵڷð
ΪλԪƷһ̷ںúõ˵Żһ̶ͷͻȻ䡰䡱һðһƬ׵Ļ棻˾Ŀ֮£¶ޱȴ㵡ʹԼȫϵĿ־塭
Ȼ󡭡
һ棬ʹĿ˳
һ̡壬ôȼճһŻ棬վţȼգֻ棬ȻѰǰȱˣȴǳ˻ζ
٣
ĿţһλһԼֻţ΢ƶһ£˼֮󣬾Ҳˡ
ԾĵķʽȼţٹƬ̣šһŻ滯һ̣ǰע֮£ʧˣ
Ƭ֮ǰһúõĴˣһԪƷߣĿ֮£ճһƬޣ
һĻԴͷֻǸŮһԲĶͷôһ˿ڣ˶ѣһ˿ڣ˸ῴһСˣȴ˳Ŀº
һǻҡЩ΢ҽûʣ£
ʲôĹ
ȻԵ˹
˼֤֮࣬תͷ£ֻ֮ǰĲмһˣǳɵ֮⣡
ֻȴ֪ı£ɫȻƵȻˮž޲ʵĵͬĪ̷˻Ҫ磬ֱӾһƬհס
ԭԼҲǰһϵйĪʶˣ
⡭⵽ôһأ
ԼոͻȻˣĪϡͿԼصڻûأ
ղΪ𣬲ܲ˾Գ֣Լʱܹɱ˶ԷˣΪѪһҲûٶ˼ࡰ顱һ£
ڲ˼а٣κҲˣ˵ѵĵһʱ䣬˻˵ʲôʲôǿԭ¸ղҲǱ뷨оһƴ
һƴĽԼһŪһ򲻹ǸԪƷ֣һ˶Է֣ս᲻̫š̫һأ


472 Ӧô
šԣ߼ʱ˳ƺġ
òƸղ໯Ϊ촷۵ͬһʱ䣬Ѫ֮УƺʲôȼȻ͸ųˣֻʱԼûʲôĸоԼΪҲһ˲ƾտԽƷףԽλԪƷĸһˡ
УԼϵԶ굽˶Է˿֮С
ȻܱǵԪƷ˱ûˡ
ȷʱ߼鷢չߣǡ飬òҲ̫˰ɣ
ԼȻб֮ģ֮⣬Լûʵ֪֮»еģ˼äĿ֣ɲΪͽܹ߾Ȫǣչֹǹ죬ôļֱúòã
ΪɶֻҪһӵʱ䣬Ҫˣòã
һ̣һǰͬĸо̲סҪһ䣺⡭𣿡
仰ʳ֮ȴû˵
жȻһᡣ
ûм磬ԼͽܳվѾˡ
ҲشԼ⡣
ӴԺԼϣֻʣ¹һˣ
ñµͬӴɽѹס
Խˣ֮ľ͸ǿңѩŭȼյñʢ
Լ˼ʵõ״ӺζᶼҪˣҪǣԼ֮ǰͬˣΪѩ޵ʱˣ
͵̧ͷ·ȼյĳעǰĪؿԼˣгӯ૵ЩˣȫǺףΣҲҪ
һ𣬱·𣺡ȫȥɣ
𣬱·𣺡ȫȥɣ
ֻһƴĵʹѾԼ֮⣬Ȼ˸ʱȴǿʹΪΪ¾УηԺ˵
Ȼ̷һ̣ȴҲǷ׷ƴһ
ڱµĸ֮ģѩ֮⣬̷˵ĿΪ˱
Ҫ͵ɱǰʣ£
ܵǰ׷ʲôµʵȥһʲô߶ȣǰľƾתأǼˣսʤ£ܹսҲһǱŹ洦ǱƮƹɱ
ܹŮɱһе飬ӭж⣡
ԵǰΨκһȫսһ䣡

߸ˣתȦɱһš
ޱʩΪսֻƴÿǰãѤ
µΪõֲ֮󣬾ȻǿȫʩΪΧ֮£Ȼйأһϧƣ˸ͲӲƴ
̷ȻҲ֪ƲҲ֪ΨбˣԼ˲ҪԼһȥµһԼûôУڳˣѲƶǣһ㣬էֵĹ棬ʵǿȫûпӦţ˵Ǽɵ˼㣬˼ڱĻ棬ͬ˸еţʩչ˵ñҹɻȭŵĻл֣ҲóȻԣһռˡ
ȻµȴҲԽԽΪ֣ԼЩƾӵĪȻֳһ𽥼˵ơ
żޱʼʢʱֻάֺܶݵһʱѡ
ǰƣ˫뽩֮Уܱ¶ôҪƴԷȴһµƴƣ۱ڹͬʱ¶ôĿԷᣬһʱܿԷϹ֣˴֧ԮһΪ󳷶Ҳ˰æֲԱ¾Ȼ˻ˡĻᶼûС

쳾졣
һĹ
⾡ǲƮƮһʺ绯ɵŸۼĹ
еľݣҶӾȻҲɢ߲ʵĹâ
Ȼϣɫʡ
֮죬쳾ޱʤ䣡
мĴ֮УͻȻһȵ
ף
һλˣüĿ续˴ԼݶׯȴһȻȻ¸λ߷ɡ
˿̣˸ɻĹâ૵⡭Ӧôѽ
Ϊ⣬е̲סվڵ˼һţһ߲ʹâƮȥ
ȻĳЩ̬ԭƻ֮⣬òӦӦ䣡
ϣһۣòϵ߸ߵϷϣ棬һվˡ
Ȼڿ¡
Уһ׺ӵߣڳƪۣòƲ˵һӣѾǰ׹ӵ˽򣬶ңаνͭǽڣβƣĿǰҷڸڵѾ֧ţֻ¶ھҪɱϾǡ
˵߲ʹâ˸˵Ӱͻأڴ֮С
һ


473 
ƺûϰΪˣһƤҲûգһ£ȴ񣺡μʥ󡣡
Ϸ۵üͷһۣкЩ˵ʥ󣬴£ͻȻ˽ʲô飬ܵԺ˵𣿡
Խ˵ƽ˴εʮ𼱴·˵һʱңʧĪ֡
һ˵һ߼ȥȻԡԺ˵ƣȫǡ
ʥǸ֮ԣȻңȴڲ죬ʲôʲôʮ𼱵Ĵ£ȻλءµʥҲӣ
Ӽ״üʲôʮ𼱵Ĵ£
ʥȴٷ˵һȥӵǰŵѪ𸡶ƺǡ¶ǰˡ
ʲô˵ʲô
ӵɫʱ䣬ڡһӴӱվ
һվſ˾ųߣȻֻǺܵĳֱ¡ǧѾڽ£
ĵɣ
һ̣λȴһƬأȷȷ
棬˼ȣЩȻ֪˼
ʥصͷԣֺڴ˿֮ϣ¿Щ˶˵ʲô·ͬСɣⲻá
úúá
λһĵ˿̣Ծûһ㣬Ե顣
˵ձǵ±һߴҴߣһ߷ԸһＯ˼һ¡ôѹǸ˭˭Ҫ£ȥһ¡ɡ
û䣬ѾߵӰ٣ʥҲһ߲磬βӶȥ
һ̣Ⱥ
ʲôֵ׷ʲôشʣʥʥλȥִ٣
ʥʥûӰӣ»ô飿˭˭ǿ׶ԸĽɫûʥµ׿Լ൱ߣ̸Ӧԣ
ڵο˶һļٵӣ˭ס
˭סµܱճһƬ̿
ǲлȡȡеأ
ղʥ˵ıʡòƾСǱ߳ʲô״֮£ֱλϣһͷӶȴǾɵ˵ⲻӦðɡһż⾰ʱ򰡣
ɫһ䡣
λ˲ǻǲ˵Ĵ£Ҳѹʥʥʧ̬˹
ֻҪŮ֮飬ȴ˭СأҲ˵ͨѵ߼ü˼
λλƽһɫһ䣬ة࣬Ĳ˼ɡ
ة߳İüëͻأһ˧ǲҸ˼˵˲㣬ⲻҸ˼飬ѵ͸˼𣿡
˧˵СҼСָΪ֮Լ´۸׿飬βҸ˼顣
ةЦһ˵Σ۽Ϊֵ֮ʱ£ԺΪ֮ͨããеĽֵܣŮĽݽãŮΪޡԪ˧㵱治Ҫ̫ˣһƵܣȻҲȷˡ
˧ƤǣŭǶһ飿˿㻹ⷭǳˣ
ةüŶѵ˵飬ǳˣͻᷢ𣿡
ۿ㳳ȥ˫ĻȻЩζ˼æǰȰ⣬֮ŸصغһԼϡ
˶ڶ˵̬ȶЦԷǡ
Сĺ쳾ûнҵĶҲûڳϼһЩҪȴ
ⶼλͿĺͿ顣˶֪һֱϣиŮ֮ǰǧ䣬ֹһεĸ´˵
Ϳ๦ͣŮ֮ͨá
ֵأŮ
ֵܣСôɰҿžϲŮ
ʱҶ֪ûŮҲһֱҲʹŹû桭˭֪λ˼ң
ˣҵ˼Ҳͻ
ԶԶֹة˧ңкüҲõƵ˵ѡ
ҲһƬɻ󣺾СǱ߳ʲô飿ʥʥż

һߣĳ߲ʻ𺣡ڡ
ʥ˼˵Դ˽ȥǳص߲ʻ˽ʱԶطֳһ·ȫ͵Ľ롣
УȴһƬ˸ǧ貵â
˵ǰͣûֱͣӳС


474 ϻʣ
ڴλõĵϣһͨɫʵ̨ӣ̨ӵҲаصķڴϷһɫĸӡ
ĸӣ̨ӽܷһ
ԱߣĸŮεŲ̊ԵȶÿͷһƾǸϡ
óĸŮӶɫӡ̨Ӻӡ档
ǿ˷޶߽ĸŮҲûԾһƾʼӱӣ΢΢Ƿμʥμʥ󡣡
˵ͷʵĿǰʲô쳣𣿡
ŮɫЩأֹ쳣ǰ쳣״̬ǳˣ˼ѾԶһ϶˶˱Ȼ¹ʳ֣仯˹
ʥɫһ䣬һߵǸӸǰϸӣֻԭӵ˿ϷĸӣѾһϸ΢ķ϶һɹɼĳϢƮ
Ȼ
һ˫۾ͭ壬ֱֱĿ϶ʧôǳʲôʣӰ˹ʹú쳾Ľǰôࣿ
ʥһĵǣ쳾Ľ̴û˵ǰİһǰ𱬷һнһ
˴˶ӣ˶Էе۲ţ
רΪĺ쳾һʧ©ΪʲôһΣȻѪǰѵ
üͷ壺⡭ǰ֮󣬻ص֮ʱǻᡭ
ʥȦһ죬ŭǻ֪飬̣ǿȡȨйĹŮһ㣬ڵãŮѪǰˣ˰ɣߣ
ⷬĪָ죬ǰû˵һ԰
޲ߡãȻ޴ĵڣͻȻǸһ£˵һɫʯӾȻ¶ߵһ϶
޾ӿ̬ƿš

򸾶˾ʳ֣ͬʱŴ죬β֪ǰһĻ֣ζʲôоһǾɫ
ȻȻǳ׾ˡһŵü̽ȥһö쵰
⡭ζŮ쳾ʥӨӨ촽Ŀ϶᲻һ
ʥɫĳأһ˫֣ʶĽ߬ȭͷ
˲ʱһּҪľơ
Ƭ֮ɫϻеȻɢ¶һž͵ѩ׵ǡ
ŵɳ̣һɸߵ͡
ȥǵšꡱһ࣬ѿһС϶һ̣ꡱﲻž޵˲ʱѾơ
򸾶˴ľһʱԼȫ֪ӦԵǰʣ
Ȼ󡭡һ΢ӵдһѩ׷ۣӨֱۣӵ˳۵С֣סѿĵǣһ΢˵ʲôҳ
һֱۣ򸾶˵ʱ׻
仰޶˶ʱľ
Ϊʲôס㶵ôΣݴԡѪһǰѣֻ״̬
˶
ۼ־ϲתʥ󣬾ϲּ֮ȻŭŮҪ㻹ʲôȥ׼ˮȻԼŮһվʲô쵰ѵҪմŮı˲ô
أͷԣãܵһŸһŵ͵˳ȥһһ⡭զ¶
չ쳾֮󣬻ǧֽٻع飿⡭ǰѣȴ̬ⲻ԰
ô˽أ

ɵ㶵ǵ߳⣬ͽĿ۽ǰһ޴ʯ֮ϣ񣬴
ʯϣէ֮£ʲôûУĿһƬհףȻ߲֮Ƹȥ֮𽥵ĳһƬּ
ּһʫ
ϻʣ
磬ԣ
̥쳾
бһ
ص磬

ʫ˽üͷռͣٹ˵¶ˣ˷ѽ⡭תһ룬ȴϲüңϲô˵ҵıŮҪˣһ̬䣬ϲ¡ˣһҪ׼ˮ
һҪȥȴͣסŭʲôҪռŮıˣĴô궼ûʵ̫˵ˣһģôռԼŮˣ
λʥ¾Ȼһֱ˿̲¹ﾹԼίŭ𱬷˳ò²һ䡭һΪȻǸߵÿֲߵòˣӵķӦٶȡͬÿԣҲǺˡ
ֻλʥŭһ˦ӣΪֱǲһζǿʶţһǴˮȥɡ
һ䣬ɶȥ


475 
쳾񹬣֮¾æµһš

ѩһֱɽϿ羰ͬʱڵȴҶЦĳ֣ȴ˰죬ֻȵ
ȴҲûȵҶЦɽϵķ羰׳۹ܿҲˣĳ˵ǰ״ĲզأѲ֪ûϳֵĺоȻ٣һ£쵰͵͵˰ɡţ϶Ƕ͵ʳȥˣôųԸŻҪҵĻ϶õģֲô͵͵ô
飡
Ƽˣıģ̲ס߶𣬽ŽƵĵڣϱ˸õô£ȻǶõúѩðǣ
漴һŭ𣺡˵ʲô
ѩղһֱһͷҪͷĿѣбȸ״̬ӳ֣һʳſڵϣԭһʱŭͷ򵨱һɤӣʱתͷһЦϴ󣬿ǳԵþˣҸղ˵أ˲С˹Ӳزס͡
һϯ˵˵ûü˵꣬ĳͻȻһУго
ֻΪǰҶЦȻǽȥ֮ǰòһϢȴѾǴģ
˵ǻһˣѩ⣡
˿̵ҶЦȻôվ£ȴһĪϢѩȻһָо˿̵ҶЦһ壬һϢ
վǺ쳾ǧ߶һǳ
ǷϢ纣ΡԨ
ҶЦƣںѩУȻǱҶЦǰ۷ʱڱȽϣҪøǿǡҪǿö࣡
ö࣡
ǰЦֻһڵҶЦǳ󺣣
ֻӦ˵ԺѩǰΪ裬ͿҶЦʵΪһۿȥǷͷǳ޾ǿգվ˴󺣱ϣĿ̲죬ڵ׶㣬ͽһԶģѹͳ֪
ϴ󣡡ѩУ˲㡭ָˡ
ҶЦȵһЦʵ༤
ּʵءֵĸоѾ̫̫ûˣ
ѩҶЦһ˵ʵҲû뵽ЦȻܹô̵ʱͻصĽ
ϴ߹Ǿ£ѩͨ죬˵ˣ˵ϴǾͿɴӴ˿⽭Ǹһ췭ظ
ʥһ紫˵һ㣬Ӧ񡣡ҶЦһѩʵҲҪһӦ˵ĵˣԱĺһ
ѩĵͷ
ҶЦֵ״ѣҵȰ˳ظ״̬״̫ȻʥͬʱЧǴһЩӰ죬Щձ׶˼ȻǰܣȻܵĺá
˵ձһֻƣסѩģѩʱоһů೤Դǳһ̬ӿԼ壬֮֮ǰɵ˺ۣ۵İˣȫͬˮɳ̲һ㣬Ըƽ
ѩֱ˿֮࣬һϴڵΪȻѾǿ˹ƾͼӰֶΣѾޣȷʵԶʤǰ
ҶЦһ߳һʵʱ䣬ȵż˰ɣ
ż϶еģҲµ϶ǳʥϾָʵǵǰΪе顣
ѩһЦʱһֱ⶯зƽྲ쳣ΨһŨգƺʲô״ֻҲͰˣŨһʱ֮󣬸ɽҲƵľ޴춯ƺҪƬضһ㡭
㵹¡ҶЦ΢΢ҡͷ΢ЦȻע⵽Ҳ㲻ʲôֻҪеԪƷϵʵɴٳСģĵضɽҡĴĳŵʲôɣ
ضɽҡȻǲΪģҶݵڸһʱ֮ǸһȻźԶòУоƺһƬĻڱ˶˿ţܣûܣȻûзȨȴεΪۣ֮飬ǹŹ֮
֮ǰˣֻܶ»Ҫȥɣһѩ˵
ҶЦ㶣˵ôôһƬȴ֮ڣʲôӵƵĴУ
һ˲ҶЦȴΪѩĻ뵽֮ǰþɲ֪ʲôʩչ޾ǰ˽еνôҲǲģ
ѩǺһЦǻȷʵʲôҲǿȽϾ޶ѣȻֻԶԶһƳδ֪Ȼ伫޶޵úܣǵ൱߶ȣҵиӦǡкƬȥ֮һźȻǺҲ˵áеʶĸо룬ͳˡ
ѩüͷ˵˵ؾǱ߲ǺԶȻԲȷǺʲôԣֲıƮƹ칬֮һˡ
ڣ˱칬ûʲô֮⣬ҵˣɶϵǳģңҸǺߵˣΪ칬ĺԲϤĸо
ѩ˵ϴҾãӦùȥ
ҶЦʱһȷ
ȷѩصͷ


476 ǧһ
ҶЦתͷңңȥֻǱߣг𣬺ѩԵĺҲԼԸӦõֻǹɺѸ֮Уȡ֮ģһڻԵĹ
ȻԶҶЦΪ˿ֲѾǰ۷ʱ࣬Ԫ۷֮רܡ΢֮Ȼʱûȫ͸ȴҲֻǲһţʱܶϤ
ˣҶЦ˿̵ĿҲȥһ۰ֵֺĳ̶ȡǰڵ·صľȻԶԶ˰ҶЦԾܿһЩ˿Ķ
˵ұȥһۣȷ˵ӣԮȷʵ˵ȥġҶЦǼֽѩھһ飬ȵĹԪſͣ
ѩԣ֪ҶЦҪԼʥЩ㵸֮µſ죬ҪӶҲѿ
ĳ˵ǰӣҪ˵һöӣһϣҲȥ
治֪һĻҪǺfans᲻飬ԵĽڲپ飬۾٣̮ʲôʲôˣ
ҶЦ״ЩʧЦִӿռȡһöѾ϶Ϊһķۺɫӣ˵˺ѩС
ѩͬܵҶЦ֮ǰǰůζıȻҪҶЦҪãûȥôĶֻͼϣһ֮࣬ʼ
Ӱһƽ̨ϡ
ѩʱɢݳϢڶǴ֮Ψ©һǰ㣬
˸ǣӥҲ˹ĿƵźѩǻȵĴΡ
ȥȥͻأ͸ԺöҶЦԽӥͶ˵ֵܻҹȥǱߵʲô״
ʵѩ˵Ǳս˺ܿƮƹı֮ҶЦоѾʼЩ
˭սսΣǷΣأ
ͽӥҶЦиͷס
϶ǲ뿪ģӥҶЦŵԼôȻҪľġ
ҶЦһܣ˴ǷԲǧ֮߷壬ûм⣬в˵ˣʲôʣнӥȿԱԪƷֵĴﻤôҲڻʲô顣
·ĵĵͷӡһƮڰһۣһһѸǷĵطƮ˹ȥ
سһߡ
ҶЦǰƶٶ̫죬ռֱӸһ϶
ȻˣҶЦΪδȫշĵԵʣ䷨֮ǰ׷֮ʱչֵƶٶȻҪҶЦ˿֮ϣȴûгָѿռ״Ϊƿȥһ׶εı֡

´˼ƴսţǰĶ֣ѾˣڽϵĲƴǿӲսսУԷһλԪƷ֣һɱȴҲ൱ĴۣԷһбµأ
ֻһսȴڣڳ˶оһ𾪣Ϊһȥ֮˿֮ľȻѪһɫĻ档
Ļ棬ȼա
ô
ôô֣
̷¾֮Ҫ֪ȻظķڣҪٷֲܼλã˼ʱѾнȴֻһ棬ûгְʧѪ֮״սô򣿣
㵽˻㶼Ǳɵģ̷ɫɫĴټӰѾܴȻ޷֧̫ã
ΪڳΪߣ̷Ȼڱµǰ״̬˵ĵҲǴＤȷʵо˱µ𽥼ƺĪ塣
У˫ཻײʱҲ̫ܲǿĳУԷĽƣҲԽԽ
ȻԷǷܵشӰ죬ǽΪ̣Ϊˡ
֮ʤ
ս̷ֳԼжԽԽƶֵƵԼҲԽԽǿ
šһ죬µĳ̷ĳһζƴһ֮󣬱µĳȻֶˡ
ǾӰҲ֮ĵĵʮһͷ㷢ƮУоȻһɫĻ档
ĵֻоһԵı
ԼѾƴǣջǲΪͽܱ
ղлģᱻԼˣ
ΪʦϾˡ
Һɱ̷ۼһ֣֪ʱҹζĵһһת˷ɳȦ⣬ӥĿעȦڵս
һƵƵͬɽ޸һ㣬ݺݺڱµǰء


477 ɽˮЦ̸
²ҽһͬߵķݣƮƮˤ˳ȥһƬ
˼˱ˣһɷһȥȫɱΣı¡
ȻʱͻȻһХķһͻĳХƬضΪ֮ơ
˭Ҷ֣
߾٣ĪҲӡ
ԪƷн׵̷壬һХ֮Ҳо𶯣һǰδп־ʶȻ
ȿ־оڸղűǿܣԼӳֵǻᶼУ
˭ǿ˹
ʵǵХûȫȻ£һӰһȻС
Ӱոճֳһ۾ͿһϢı£ͫ׼һɷŭ֮⣬˲ʱ񷣬ŭһˣ
һѾ˱ǰӭӭĿѩĳ
һַֻס¼ӣһֻһƣܲ˵ǿһȻĪĺ󽣹⣬еسУڿһ
һ
ǹĳͬʱַɳڰΪ޷ɽķѡ֧顣
ĸ˵ͬһ㣬˲һͷۡһͬʱһɫѪ漴ͬһĵȥ
˿̵ҶЦŭһƽһСɽ⼸ֵܹ
Զ̷循һĻֱĵѡɥ
ˡʵ̫ˣ
̷ǵԪƷм֣ʶȻͬ죬ղھ⣬ؿǰ֮꣬£ǲԼˣһֻڷǸŮˣ۾ҲڿǸŮ˵˵ǽеעȫ۽Ů˵ϣûԼһۡ
һֻ־ôһһ֮䣬ȻһƥһȻʹէ֣һٴаܵмߵУĹ̵ͬˮд⡣
һŽ⣬̷УǾǸɽˮԸɽ֮ϣ϶³ļѾԤ˽һ㡭
һˣ̷ȶֱӶ
ԭȴмһеġ
Цơ
ɽˮЦ̸
̷һɫֱӾͰˣɿˣֻްԪƷǿ߷ȣļִȫϣͬһҶЦ㡭ЦĳУǴ
̷ıʵҪչƷɡ֮ϣҲвΧЦ֮۵ģʵʵЦȻ൱Ĳ࣬Ѿͬһ𣬵ЦɵЧʵ̫ˣʱʱգۺ˵ԾɲԸἰˣ
ҶЦһΪ㻹ǵЦ
ǿҲԷֶڿлһβҡͷβ̷߼ȥ
ҶЦȴӳһ֮㲻ٹĺչֻǽȻ޾֮űµȥʵô
µͫ״˼Ѿʼɢһ԰Ӧ
˼ʣµ״νѾΣڲ֪֧ԮѾȥ֮ǰ͸֧ı׶˱¶ţϽܶദҲ֮ؼҲҪǣ־ȫޣǻһִδɢĻ˿̵ı棡

Ǳߣû׷̷壬֮䣬Ѿ̷״ɢĪܵɴܣǽһһжռ䣬̷תǺжϣۼ޿ɱܣ޿κ֮»ӽ񵲣šһ죬оֻʣ°ض̽˲ʱΪм
̷Ȼ׼էԼĳ飬Ǿֻ۾͹˳ȴֹƽΪݺݵһѽùȥһ
ϧھԵʵ֮ǰһгԶͽֻͣΪԱУ
֮ʣȻ̷˫ãڼ䲻ݷ֮˳һá

̷һĲҽֻϣνĹľƽΪ˼ʾȫްЧã
˫־ȥ̷ʹþͷУ־ԼһͷʱȴԼѾ˳ȥѪע
ÿĽ
һ̷̣֫ϵİŹԺݺˤ˵ϣǰѽδսᣬӿеһ㣬ݺݲȥ
µһ׮֮С
һϬĶӣ̷֮֫Ĳ壬ݺݵШ׮ϡ
̷һʱȴˣֻһĳ鴤һһ˻ʹȥ״


478 
ҶЦһߵֱӾӶˣȻֻǾһƳҶЦ԰̷ڵе˾ۻ𣬸ղһ֣ȻԽǿǸ£ԲܵõǱߣȴǵ˽ͷ
ҶЦԭΪһϢд棬ԼĿǰΪôҲתΣΪǳһʱ֮Ȼ֣Լȫڰ׷ԼֻҪһӴµľȻᱻյ
´˼ʵľУͲһ֮ˣһѾյͨĻ¯ӣܽҶЦӰþͱֱӷٻˡ
ҶЦۼԼ޹ٳԵ񵤣ǵ񵤻δüڣѾٻһ壻ҶЦһᣬȡһöֻعǿͱ£ֱԪ۷壬ͻƵܣظ
Ȼֻ֮عŸմյߣѱ˲ʱɣЩôķĩ
ҶЦνֶΣٰƽϣȴչ޼£ɵһʹűµӵ˸ʤǰʵԼȻʲôˣֻĿ˵ϢԽԽ΢ƺҲڽڡ
忴ԽԽãԽԽǿҲơ
µѻɢţ˼ȴʼεضҶЦǽչֳһƬЦݣȻԾ֮ǰһ䣬ȴû¶˿ʹ֮ɫ
Ҫ˵ֻҪһſڣһɫĻһʱ侹Ȼȫ˵ֻƬ
ҶЦֻоʹʣ̲סµıڻ
棬Ȼ΢ȴԾڳȼգȻ֮ǰƥ֮棬˳ҶЦûɰ˺
ٹƬ̣ҶЦһµȣײˣƺǻһƬǵ㣬ɢڿС
±һЩڴʱ͵һȫ˱µڲµľ񷴶һ񣬾Ȼ漣һɢ¾۽ֳһĹʡ
촽עҶЦƺҪҶЦǰӣõؿ̽ԼҪļססˡ
ҶµĿУȻһ΢ҶЦͷһ𣬼æȥ˵
ţظ֮䣬˼ҲѾлһղ˫ɢ֮ʱ֪Լ˿̴ǻعⷵգһҪᣬҶЦһۣ΢ŵ϶˵ڡǳڡҪԡҶҲ
֪ǰκΡʵá
ҶЦɫһͷŵͷֻоԼᣬҲŵڱµϡ
¿飬иһĹʣƺҲһЩţ˵㡭ѡʵʵҡûСϲ㡭ǡǺ
۾עҶЦ۾Ŭųһ˿ЦݣһҪȡúõءԡ
û壬ݣҲڰ֮Уǻ棬ƺʱϨ𣬵ԾŬģ˵Ҹоõûҡ
ȡҪͷһԼͽܣȴζתͷȥûˡ
ҶЦæ˳屧˹ڱǰ
ϧµٶȥѾκˣٶȻɢ治Ҳڼٵɢá
۾רעҶЦ۾ȻʲôˣԾִŵؿǸһ̣ϢʹȫϾ
ֻһ˲䣬ҲƲסԼõȫۼϣ¶һ˿ҸЦݡ
ҡվټһ棬գĻСҵĸ飬գˡڼ˵ڣϣ
ˡͦá
ǣڡĻȥ
Ϊء
Һˡ
޺£
űµϢȥòʵ׵Ĺâһ̣壬ͻȻ׷׻һһĿʹƾʧˡȻҶЦĻУʧӰ٣
ҶЦ˫ֻԭƣȴоһ׶Ĵ̹ǵʹ̲סȵ䣬
½˽ԼΣʱ̣²һУƴȴһȥƶ֮֮㡭ȴԾ˿ͷ
ټԼ֮ȴʲôû˵ȻȥȻ
Ůӣ¸ߣȴޣ塣
ƺʲôںʵȴһصߣĶһ棬÷ȫҪеͷ
塣
ҶЦȻûоŮ֮飬ٶۣĵ׶ԼϲҶЦôȫ޲أ
ĬĬϲԼ˿ı¶
Ǹղŵ˱һ̣Լ˵ԾǣʵҴûϲ㡭ֻǺ
ôĻΪԼΪԼİ飬¾ţ
仰
ҶЦһĵ׾Ψʹѽ̲סᡣ
ԼԺģŻɡ
һֱһ̣ΪԼ롣
һ仭㣬Լһȴ


479 ޲
һλˣȴԼע֮£档
Լ޾ռ䣬Ͻ𵤣֮ͨкųبŵһ񹦹ȴֻĿţٰ޼ƣվ֡
ۿ˾ԼбţԼȴȫΪĴܸоҶЦһֺۣ޵޻У
һʱ䣬ȻЩʧǡ
ǰУƺһ̣ǱµЦò

ԭҶӡ
ҶӼȻҶˡΪҶ鷳²֮
һͼᡣɽˮڡ

뵽һյһ䡰ڡҶЦ㲻ԽЩ
ԼԼˣҲȷˣ˭õһٴμʱ򣬱֮գӴ˱ڤ;
ıʹҶЦûǱеһ£ģ˳ίٵϸ鿴֮£ҶЦµʱһ˳Ȼһ˿ϢûУ
ҶЦĲ죬ǽֹڴ˿̳״˲ʱ뵽Ů֮ǰ
˴¶˶ȻǱ˳֮Уײ˶ԷҶҵļıȻ󱻶Էβ׷ɱڣһ·ڣڼԼǡԼԮ֣ʦͽԾһһĲҵ³
ô˵ʦͽǶҶЦҶ˵Ķ飡
ҶЦ˳ڻһ̽Ϣüͷһ塣
Ϣȫޡ
УҶЦһҲ˲Ů֮ӣԽַ˳ؿϣϸܣȴԸоֻĿڲλлһ£֫˼ʾѾǱһƬ
ñ˳˿̵״Ѿһ죬ʩȣҲ޴ӡ
ҶЦϣһֱķλãסһɢȡԪöƼ鵤Ҫ£ʹԴ˳˿Ϣȥ˾ųɾţתͣ٣ӣպϣǵ޷ſ޷ʡ
ҶЦСĵס򢣬촽΢΢ſƬԾǽպš
֮£ҶЦöԼУȫڻȻڶԿڣס˳ӣֻһһģҩҩҺݷȥ
˹ҩ֮˳ʵıܶʧȥˣҩҺεҶЦֻñķʽ˳̴ڣֻһҩˮǰȻʱӽʱ䣬ҩҺ븹
ȷϹȥҩҺ֮࣬ҶЦųĴһѾͷĿţ
ٹƬ̣ҶЦ̽ӺоĿڵǵֳ֮״ķλҲһЩϸ΢ĲȻʱͣʱǻָˣ귽棬ȴûаҲûиӦ
˵˳ղʮͣ˾ͣŵ׼ˣôڣͱҶЦŪʮ˾ųɰĻˡ
ЧУȴֲûС
ôûأҶЦüͷ૵ԪԴ꣬ȹ̻ǣ̱ԪΪչͻλ׽޵ҩȫˣдָ̼鵤ôҲڲôһô
ٳ˳עϧֻķתྭȫ޷赼
ҶЦü˼˺ð죬ٰ޼֮£ɴصռ䣬쾧ЩĨ뵤Һ֮Уι˳쾧ȻЧ죬˳һ㡭
ϧ͵ǰ״ԣת֮ǰȼûκν
ҶЦͷĲ⣬Լι˳ЩҩžҲܸŪӦ˳ϾȻȫãⲻӦð
ѵ˵ѾͷȻѩһ㣬ʹƵĺһһĽУҶЦ˳Ұ׵ɫ²ҿǵ˵Ļ״ǱȺѩʱҪ𣿡
ǿ鷳ˣѩʱ״ȻҲһ㵤ԪʩȼʱӦ˶֢ҩбѩ裬²ת뵱ǰ״̬ȴһʱĹѩᲢۣǰȻȫͣ٣˻ҩˣٺõҩҲȻǰľ״˹붼ܣȫ赼ҶЦ̾˿һʱֻо顣
˳Լ飬һ㣬ҶЦġ
ѵԼվȻҪؿԼĹɫĺռˣͬʱͬһͬԼǰ棿
У˵ʲôҲУˣ˵ʲôҲóߣ
ҶЦҧҧԴӿռȡһöϳɺķۺɫʥǿн˳󿪣ֱ˽ȥ
漴ֽ˳ͱպϡ
ҶЦڶģֻعЧ
ĶȻЧ
ѾֶΡ


480 ˵ü
ֻعԼ֮ǰ֮ʱһ㣬ڼߵ壬ôͻֻ֮ع޷ôԼҪˣֻعҲܣǲڻΪҺ֮Ƿȱһ̣޷Ч֮ǰڱϾѾʧܹһˣ
ҶЦĺܺ£Ǻܿ־壬ٴʧܣ
Ҳ֮ҶЦһ֮ʧΣҲ֮񳯾˳Ƭ֮һĪζ˳ɢ
ֻعЧˣҶЦĸоζֵһ˲֮˳ͻָࡣ
£Ҳٱ䣬ǽĻָ¶ȡ
ҶЦǲҵٶ̽˳룬տʼһỹ޷룬Դڱ״̬Ƭ֮ͳ˴ȵĸƣǿԽСȵˣȻԾɿĿİҼΪٹ˴ԼյĹҶЦһֱ˳һֻ֣оһ΢ϢԼϣ
Ժˣ
ҶЦʱһЩϲ
ҶЦ˳ΪֹûҪ֮ΪеŮ֮飬Ϊ˵ıܣôһλɫŮôҲֹס֮⡣
˳ǻأǵŮǲŮ˵˼ѵһ֮ŮҶЦ˼ܹȻҲһ
˳ĺƽȻڻԲѵ״̬ȴѾȷû֮ǣֻֻعЧһӣݣʵͻͽΪǿ֮֡
ˣҶЦǷֵĳ·ڵϣס˳ȥŻתĿ⣬أڵϷȥĸˣɫ𽥱Ӳᡣ
ҶЦȻһ̯ĶȻһǿԽɢڴ֣ˢһȫ˹
һίԼǰ
һӣȴݵַ˵˿ڶֹסѪȴҲͬʱ˵һסˡһĳһ˵ǻָѡ
ܴǳص̷֫ȥ֮ǰǱһ׮֮ϣոձȻ볤ʵȴǾסĳ߼򣬴˼ʾ㲻ѪޱʹȴһֹϢҰһ۾עҶЦоǿ־̻
ˣ˭ͨЦĶžУǸЦԨԴ֮
ڴζԸҶң˵˵ҶЦ䵭˵ҵĲãϣҶܸɴһ㣬õ˴˵Ĺ򡣡
˶룬رס죬һԲ
ÿ˵嶼ǱˣһϢг˿־֮ȴиĳޣ˿̿ҶЦ񣬼ֱ޲ýһ̡ȻˣȻмʼնƶ˵ǿߣԼĽڶԷһѶ͹ԹԿڡ
ΪˣԶʤұԸһʹɡ
һԪƷǿ߿ţݺ˵ɱ˲ͷأ۾һⱲҲ͹ȥˣûʲô˵ģɸҪѶǣʱŵܣȴΡ
ҶЦԭŵЦĿȻ¶һɺ֮ɫΣ
ʿɱ裡ʹݶڲȻΪͨ죬ȴҲҵĴ־֮˴ðϢ
Ĵ־Ĵ־ۣͬʹϣЩʹ࣬˵޷ܵġҶЦһ˵˵ĻһѧʣĴ־ˣ˵һҲΪţǶİÿһˣҲм֣ô
¶һЦҲϤǿдд衣
һ飬˵ǲ˵ҶЦЦЦ¶ǰδ䡣
룡һ
ѡ˵ǰɣҶЦͷ̫ˣʵԭͲ̫ϣھ;ͷʹ˵ˣûʩչôֶεĽڡǵѡ⣬˵ǰɣüüˣ
仰ġüüˡ֣˾Ǳðһ
֪Էʼ
ĵǶԼģ˴˶˹ĳûʲô⣬˵ˣ˿̵ʣѡ˵Ҳһ˵ҲһΪλҪõ˳⣿
Ȼ˿ѾûƿƾԷĴ̣ȴҲ㲻ʲôѶȥˣҲνѾκϣˣһ㣬Էʵǿᣬעͷ֮ǰܹöԷһΣԵıһ


481 Ѷ
ǼҿõǵľģǧҪһʱ䰡ҿһξ˵չʾˣϻˣھͿʼҶЦԾһЦ⣬Ǹ飬ҪһҲơ
Խô赭дĵ׷Щû
Է˵ĵ˵ɷ£ƺ൱İգ
Ϊͨ죬ط֮մ̷԰һҶЦͻʵ
ңҶЦҶЦĿҶңҶЦ
ҶңҶЦ̷˲ʱתΪ㯣ػᡭ
̷嵱ǰΧЦЦĶзİղҲһ۾͵ҶЦʩչзǰҶЦĸоֱȵЦҪֲ͸ղŵһ֮ǿѾԼƽΪߵǼλ̫ϳϣҲͲ˶ѣѹʵЦԨԴͬһʲôģΪڵһĪѣģӰ죬ֻ»ҪЦ
ǺǣͷĻôôУĺģһ̣һסҶЦ˵ĺˣ¿׹ź·
ǾȻڰοһ޵Ĵ֮һһ㡣
̷Ŀϣ˵㻰
ҶЦһƽԳ磬һԾŶ

̷ӶȻһ
ʲô
ѵǰҶЦȻĳִߣЦʦǰ
ȻҶЦղѾ¶ݣҶҶЦҶЦղչֵʵ̫̬ˣ̷ĵԪƷǿ߶ҪɽֹôҲ˵ǸݣҶңҶЦŪСôҶҶЦǸëͷСôӵʵ
ҶЦѾߵһǰȷ˵ôҿʼ֮ǰᣡ
˺һŤͷȥ
ǺǣôݿʼҶЦٲԣ磬ֵֻĶ޾һ콵䣬仯ˣȴִ£ʱȭʱƣʱָʱ꣬ʱۣʱۣʱǽڡ
ĶƱ仯νۻң˷ı仯ȴչֵøɾ䣬ްģȴҶЦķŻٶ࣬ҪöԷܹ
˵ѶַΪϵЧһ־Ƿֽ֣ڶѪ塣
ҶЦһ߳ʩչġһ߼Խ˵ᵽ֣ŴҶ֪ҲԿ϶Ҳ൱Ŀ԰ϴΪǷֽ֣Ѫ壬ֻҪܹ֧ŵ󣬴ﵽܵļޣվǻġ
޴£˵ĹʶҶЦŴҶƶϿɣԼѾ£ҲڣһĥҲȻ̫̫ˣֵ֧ľͷûʲô⣬ôĶô
Ծû˴Ȼȴ¶ЦζȻҶЦ˵ģ롣
Ȼ֪ǵıǮαػҪ󹦷ʹ·˴˶ʹˡ̷ҧݺ˵
ûע⵽ҸղǷеĹؼʣֽ֡ѪҿȻЧȴֻѶȻлѶȻʹи߼Ѷ
ҶЦǺңᵽָ߼Ѷ޴£ΪԣȥˣһֱȥܵļأһֱǻѵķΧУν߼Ѷ
ҶЦ¶һЦλӭۿʩչַһַҳ֮Ϊַֽ֡һصܹнȫŤΡоȫŤңѪȫ顭
˵̷˵ɫˡ
ȲҪæžȣϲ½ַʩչӦ֮ĵһ׶Σ֢״ֻʹࡢʹࣻʹൽԸӵĳ̶ȣⱾ֮е飬ϾĽѪŤδˡǧҪɣǿֳ
ҶЦ»ǰһ֣˲ʱͽ촷ۣ¶壬ܹĿ
¶ϣڼ֮£ƺǧǧСŤšȻ䣬ٶȼӿ죬ˡ໡һҽУȫľŤ
һҽг֮࣬־һǰҵʹоϮԭڽŲĴһ˲侹Ȼ鵽˴λãĽ˲ʱŤһ黨
˾ȻֻһʼʱҽгһȻҲвˣ߳ȻһţȫȻΡ


482 
ȴΪŤĽȫѾһֳԽܼµʹ࣬Ȼϸ֮£أԻڲϵ͹ְ£ߣŤ
ϵĺͬһ죬ͷҲת˺üȦһҲҧסʹжҲ޷
ǻҧĻԻڵһʱҧԾޱ߿
֤⺧һĻ˾Ŀֱֱⷢð
ֻҪһ뵽Ȳп̷ҲϾͻήԼϣÿһ˶̲ס٣Ϻ乶
ҪŤͷ۾˹Ҿ磬ҶЦӣѽ˵֫峹׿ƣ޷Ťͷ۾޷ϣֻܱصɴ۾ӡ
˿̵̷ˣѹԣδر˶٣޲εѣɢ
Ҫ̫ȣǰ⻹ֻǵһ׶Σȥڶ׶εʱǸܾһ޷˵ĵزʱ򡭡ҶЦЦЦȫѪ壬Ȼ󽭺¡һһ䣬᲻ϼӿ졭
ҳ״̬Ϊ޷ڼҶЦٴקһ䣬ǿѾʼˣǻõȻܣڿӾһ£桭
˵䣬ԭѾɽһ壬ͻȻȻչ
ЩȻŤĽԾɱŤ״̬ȴ͵ĳƤ棬γһεĳߣϵ£ɼ
ƴҲƵطһȫĲҽУ¶ţڵϲϷ
Ҳ֪˭ཡһ˿ĭľ塣
ԣҲ伫޵ģǰ㼫ŤͻѾŵޣôͻȻƤһ㣬ƫƫһʱϲ
״̬֮£Ҫܵʹʹġ
Ȼֿˣ˵µı仯ȴŵ£Ѹٷ죻ȫѪҺƺһ˲䣬ȫеϡ
ʵϵҲˣһ˲ıǹӺɫֱӳͷ
ƺһһӼ͹ۿֻԼԴȫըһ㣬ǳǰ֡
ܹظоڲѪԼͷۼϵľۼۼ֮ྐྵȻֿʼ£ѪͬտˮһԼԴ
ˣҲܲסֹĥ۾һۿҪιȥˣһ̣ԼԽʱӱĥϾҲʱޣҲзֶΣֻܹӱĥļѣԸԼʱˣǲҸ
ϧǶݵļҲûлӵУ״̬˲䣬ҶЦ״صһָһɾƫ̨Ѩ
漴һϢעʶʱ˴˵ľѡ
ѵǶڵǰԾԲʲô£ΪʹҲ˶ӵֱۣ죬ʹȴ²ͬ
״̬ʹ࣬˵ĥ״̬
ǽƬ̣˵ͷϵĺɫͻأһ˳һ㣬˵øɸɾһƬȫѪɫĲҰףȰֽҪףްѪɫ
ǹɺɫѪҺɽХ֮ͳǿƳĵ
֮󣬵Ҳͬ˻һ㣡
һ仰󡭡㡭ɡ
һλԪƷ֣򷶳ڣҲӵһϯ֮صĸ߼ɫȴô̵ʱ˵һĻɼҶЦʩϵ̷ǺεȲпᡣε޷ܣ
ǳԽܼʮٱʹ࣡
ƫƫʹһʱ֮䲻ݻ߱ԴӸĿܣ
˵Ǹϵģܣã
ҶЦɨ⣬ȻҲ˵ȾһƬɫôһܲˣǸղſĵģĲϣģĸȥΪҵôнĿռ䣡
ɫһӱĿᶾǺҵѣҵĺ֪ĲϣģҪһֱĥȥ
ǰãˣһǶܳ٣һջ
ҶЦĿ䣬ǰʣµĸˣǵ۾ʵ˵˵ʲôֱڵΪҪѪϴôԿǶҸģ
ʵֻҪһɣúõдǡ
˵ǲ˵⣡
ҶЦ˵ΪֹֻǵڶѪҺ壻Ͼ͵ˣ̾Ѫ֮һ׶Σ
ʣµĸˣ̷ڣ˶ǻ˿̿ҶЦްԹޣΨ֣ǿһԶԨ֮У߳һĶħ


483 ˱
ʱ̵ˣͻȻֹǵѪҺٻָõĽҲϤָ״̬ۣ״ȻȴԸҺڵϣĿͷ˻˵ʲô˵㡭Ҫǹɣɣ
˿̵ȻԵùɭɭƺĵҲǴӵ֮дĹ֮
̷ȼ⼸仰ëȻľս
ҶЦ޶Եˣ׷ŹġͰɡ
ԲҽһӲϵŤţһ֣ȻԼͽԼӿ˳ҺҲҪ͡ҲҪҪ
ƺǵ濴ʲôĶһ㣬ϧԻ˫Ŀ
ϴԲ˫Ŀܱ⡭ҶЦѾʼ˾Ҫȫ̳ܣһһɱеˣµ£еĶծꡢʱ̶ῴ𣬵εĲк˼ңλطԼϵġ
ʣµĸˣ̲ⷬסشһ
һŵˣؿܵծ
ʱѾʧȥ۾ͻȻһ͵³һѪӾʹڵأŤϺףȻ·Ѿ;ƿһ㣬̡
̷˼״ͷһɣˣտɵá
ȻʱҶЦһһɢ߲ʵƵ쵤ҩУǴŲʶ˵еĵ񵤰ɡ
˵۾֪ҪʲôҫŪ
ⵤҩԼƵģȻǴ˵е£ҶȴֵʲôҶЦһֻһСɽһƿ棬ȫǲ뵵ĵ񵤣ҶЦȻôеǣûɣ
̷˿ഫѾ񼶵ҩһĿ࣬
ˣΪͨ죬ȻǵʦȻܹԼƵ񵤣
˵㣬Ҫʲôأ
һ̷̣˲ԵУҶЦ˹ĽǿʵĵǸѾ˿У񵤵ҩʱá
˼ʱһȻʹ˹ֻѹĵһ仰ǣġôšУ˲šŵľ
̷˵ʱߣһ̣ĳ׵ľԭȻô
˼ʳҶЦֶͨΣ״ݻ̷ȼ˵־
ˣȻ˺ݶӵпݶûе޵Ѷ˸ܵȶֻʮ˲Ҫʹ࡭ң˻ӵĵ񵤣
ֻҪԸ⣬;
ѾֻҪõĻȥõؽĥ
Ҫֹĳĥȥ
ǵԪƷΪϴ귴ɣ»ɢϢһŵ񵤷ȥ֮󣬷ǵʱֻ˹ң֮ղŻҪ࡭
ӵѣӵĽȻҲӵ˸ĳ
ȥ˵ĥ
ⳡݼȥ
˴Ŀţⳡݣݡ
ΪҶЦ֮ǰᵽĵһڶ̣һظݡ
ʹ״˻ţţŤţš
˾ɫɸ겻塣ҶЦڼߵϴǴҹܹζӾʢѾԸһ䣬ֵһߣÿˣˡҲʧȫҪһ˱˵ġ
ҶЦڼߵϴǴҹܹζӾʢѾԸһ䣬ֵһߣÿˣˡҲʧȫҪһ˱˵ġ
ҶЦħƣʵ̷塢ڵڶλһԪƷ׸֡
ҶЦһʼ֪Ǵһʼ̷ֱԼֶٲпһЩҲʲôò
Բְ취̷ĽϣЩ˵ߣ״ݻ٣
񣬿Ѿɹһ롣
λ֡ӵʱһɼĶ£һɲǼʧȥѪɫɫ֮ǰǸרǰһҪ
ǣֺεӳҶЦأ
ô֣ԡҶЦһѾץסοһǳḶ́ĪôΡžϴ֮ұ֤Ǿǽ˵ظھʮ˲ʱ򣬶оֻСһա


484 ڱ
ȻԽô˵˾ԽĿ־壬еҲҪҪŹң֪ʲôͳͳ㻹ô㡭㲻ҪôĥҰҪ
ֱͺһɶС˾ģᡢ֪߶ݡ
ҶЦգħͣһ£ͷ˶ԷƬ̣˵ôôأҲ㣬꣬ôܾͷ˵ţٶѸ۵ĳ
ȭƣֳָ«һ顣
ţ㻹ǹԹԱ쾲ĸϴɡҶЦ˳ֽһжȻǷֹԾȻֱιһŵ񵤣ĵ˵Ҳ˵ΡҶǶãģʲô¶ȫ˰ɣ
ҵĵô࡭һڷҶЦ¶һЦҾܻãҾ͹ӦǶõĵ񵤡ôҶǺðɣ
ʣµˣһֿʷǰ޵ĿҶЦεѡ᣺ˣȻԽѾڴ˵еĵ񵤣ȾҩѶˡӳѶڵĵߣ
ҲҸݳޣ̬һˣ
ȻȴҲԤ˶ĥԼ˵ľǶôǿң
Լ˵ĺ⣬ȥһεŭĵز
ʱ򣬵ڶѾʼҽС
ȫȻ⣬ȴ˵սĶǣ
ҶЦͷƺԵǰ״ˣȴֻĿꣻ
Ŀ꣬Ȼ̷塣
֪ڴеͷ֮ˣǵԪƷǿߣķǣڹ˽㶼϶ǲ˵ģԲԣ
ҶЦ΢Ц̫ˣԲˣҲһһϵ¶һ޶ɾûˡ
ҶЦ̷˵ĵضûУ˵֮ⷬ󣬾Կʼ֮
žžž
һܼյ̷֮ɫʱŤҲܵʹ࣬ڸһʼʱ򣬾һ᣺Щ֮ǰеʮ̣ʮݶַʲôġԼܵȣԲһ
ԶԶĳʮٱǧ
˸ղ˵ģ̷ϴ񣬵ǽ˵ظھʮ˲ʱ򣬶ֻǲСһգ
ϧʶһеʱѾ˵ҶЦϣһܵʹҪǰˡ
̷嵱ǰΨһֻܹĲҽУֻƬĵĻҲ˵ģֻƴأĿҶЦҶЦ󷢴ȱһʹȥ
ڿ˿ʱ˲ŵû궼ˡ
̷ĺݽɫΪܲסޱʹ¶񣬿ɼ̷ܵпᵽ˺εȵز
ϧҶЦȴ̷ȫȻ֮佱ǵ϶ôܡС룬νΣǡ
˵ţʣµ˵˵˱ˣҲܰɡұ֤޽Сϵζ֤ܹһΣԶƬʱ̳ԣִ˲ƣͿʼ˶
ġŵ˵һ˵ʲô˵ֻҪ֪ġȫ˵ֻ㡭ֻ㡭һʹ졭
˽߾ƽ֧֮ţǿԼ¹Ķʣ¾ֻһɾĿͷˣȻѾŵøεѣһҪһйĻᡭ
ҶЦüͷզأղǿôĴȻأǻտڰ˵ʲô޴£дѵԿѶôһû֣ǾˣУҪǲʲô񲻾Ǻ˱ˣΥ֮ԡҸоԼЩ˵㻰
ΥĳԣҲΥΪиԸ⡭һһ˵Ըɶ˵ءˡˡء
˵˵ţλӵеԪƷΪĸ־ȻһᣬһһѵĺˡˡкáȱɡֻҪʹʹһ
ҶЦ״üͷǲĿˣʲôޣϽһиڱΪϲ飬ҿôˣһһ˵˵òǸԲ䣬һ¡ĵ񵤣Ŀв١˵ǸȻҪһĴˡ
ƴͷϲˣĬĬʵϳˢһڰ׵ĺۼ
ʱ˭뵽ԼΪܹʹһôļ
ǡϲﲻ
ڣ˿̣Ȼʵĳˡ
ҶЦ˳֪ʱȻ۾˿̣һ˫˳޵۾ھعҶЦЩˣ˱ĿС
ԽԽã
εԽпԽã


485 ı
˵˵ȲͬʱڣΨֱԼʹȥ
ʲôеϢòãҶЦһָ
ҶЦָͷллӣллӡӴĪΪ
ҶЦʱһüһ
˵ʱһתΪΪ˵˵£ԴͷϻҪҶΣ˵֮ǰҶЦź磬кͽݣƮƹΪܣ⣬Եɺ¹֮ĹϵΪơ£ɸ߲˵󣬺𶯡
ţڻ죬λ̫ϳϣ֮Уλƶ⹥Եĳϡֱǡ
һͲһ㣬飬ƣ˭˭˭γıߣڻεһ˭帺ʵʩ嵽ÿһƻ
޾ϸȫ˵װס
Ψ©ʲôؼϸڣԱߵֵܲ䣬ôԼʹȥɾͱˡ
֪޲ԣ޲Ψɲ꣬©
վɱ˳϶֣ҶžҪȷҶҪλҶЦӵºƺֻŮӣð칬ˣָغۼ߸ɴһ޹ؽҪĻڣɻˮ޻칬
Ʈƹ칬޵УƹҶң£Ա칬磬Ʈƹ϶ϲԽͣһ˫֣µìȴѾ¹Ʈƹб칬֮ìܣȻֳĶһȻˡֻҪսǳž˷չĻᣬ֮
ʱİƻ֮ʱֻҪ˼еõǸδпвڵҶЦ棬ŵõһηԾչǸ⣬ʱס
ж¡ݵǰ֪鱨·һ·ǰȫŮװɱ칬֮ˣ̬ȣȴλŸǿƳ֣Ҷţ˼¹˪չƷɵ֮ǰǿֶѳ룬ͽƹˣʩоѻ£һ书һۡ
ڶ·һӣĿꡭĿȥɱɱҶҹҶЦҲǺŵҶ֮ǰһ·©ϢƮƹ˵֪һȻһ·ɱȴȫЧһ·ֱתأճɵǰ桭
ڵ·ȫеԪƷɵݣдԴӣϼʮˣֱַǡһ·ֵĿǾɱҶ¹ѩڹ;֮С
֮Ի᲼رΪҶ¹ѩпܱ¹˪ϱûʵĪ⣬սȡ¡ʵϣΪȷһ·ֳо֮⣬̫ϳλϰи棬ֱַǡǲǸְɱ˪λϵ
γıļƻνǾ쳣ܵĲã벼֡ȴû뵽ǰһ·ûüչжֻûʱ򣬾ƹˡ
Щ̧ͷ˿ҶЦ֮һֱ׷ɱѲΧأ伫
ҶЦ˪أȻҪ޻칬׼ɣ
ǵģ׼˱칬涾Ķر裬һ·˸ѰѻҶҲ֧Ԯһ·Ρ˼æ䣺ֻǻûüá
ҶЦŭһ
ڡǳŵƲߣǶ֮ǵ水趨չȥȥټ˲ϵƲ֮䶨Ȼǻһţң
ղԣƮƹ칬ˣĵһѩ綼Ը˵ˣһԲϾֱӿɵ
˵Ǿ͵ҵĺˡµġһԵɣҵȴ֮˵
˵Ǿģԩ㣿Ҳ˵ԩ㣬һҪ㡭һҪɱ㡭
ǿƵλ쵼֮£ǲһ췭ظǲǺϡ顣
и񶾵ĵ·ƾҶ¹ѩôҲųʮԪƷǿߵݣڴ֮⣬ķŵĿʵ¹˪Ů¹ѩʼһǰʥŮͷΣ¹һȷϳ£仹˪λҲһµĻô¹¿϶Ҳ֮ġ
ȥǸزñսˡ


486 
һңʼٸߣǳȴ԰Ȼ⣬ɽۻôʱڷչšȵ꣬˺۵ʱ򣬾ͻȻ֣ţѾȻ
ʱ򣬲Ҫ˵Զƣֻ»ҪԼ᲻ᱻ̵ֻ躹ޣ˻ָԪţȴԳһԾϣ֮ϡ
ʱǱ֪ȫǵƣҲõʲôˣȭͷǵ磬ƵıǷȱʷʤдġ
ǺܵıҶЦҧ˵רŪıƳڻĵӣӹ͸ն뱰¼
ɣ޳ܣ¼һ޼˵ҧݷڻ컹ߴ֮һţȻӶȱɶ񶾵ע㣬޳¼Сˣ
漴ǣȴϻ죬ǲ޳һЩıƲһЩĻֻͱ˳ԵʣˡıƣڹٳڽǴĲţڴ˴˵磬˼ô
ҶЦתͷ˳ˣоô
˳϶Ȼһ죬漴ɫٶȱòҰףҶЦ㡭ʦأ˵ţŤͷĴ鿴
˳֮ĵһ仰ʵıԼʦ
ȻͻȻԼĵ׻ǣӵǸˣڹϵģԾʦİΣ
ϾԼǰҶЦȫȻû£ȻȴӰ
ʦҶЦһʹһʱ侹Ȼ˳ϣ۾ӣͷȥȵԼ֮ǰʧأúúһʱ䣬鲻ʱ¡
˳ҵزһ£ԭѾҰֽɫٲѪɫϣҲɲǼȻӻ˻Σۡһˤڵأʦ
˳ǾˣϻֻҶЦ˵ڲ£ҪԼ֪ԼʦѾ˲⡭
ľȻ˾û˹ͷҲûꡣ
ʦԸ񣬵ʱֻ²ûһǡѡͬھ˳񣺡ұΪʦϲ㣬Ҳʱȥ㱨Ѷȴû뵽ʦ᲻ҡ
뵽ɱ׶Ѫһʦ
ͻȻһѪ˳ģǾ֮⡣
ҶЦеǰ˼־ҪϵҪȥƽơ
˳ֻоһֻȵץסԼ̧֣һҶЦ
ϤģԼǣӣ˼ůеĿ⣬˳һůҪͷȥ
Ȼȴ˲ˡɲԼϲˣˣʦϲ˰
ڣʦΪԼѵԼҪİ
һˣ˳ҶЦץסͬͬЫҧһһ㣬ಡһ˻ȥлҶӹģˣѾûд󰭡
ԵӲԶ
ҶЦһ£ȫ֪һ̷ʲô飬п˳ڼԼǼҲԵòǺȶǷһ־ϲ
֪ôȴֱ룬ȴǺιʣ
ѯһ䣬ȴղѾж˳ʣһ䳾˲ʱ²ʡȴȻ׹죡
ҶЦ״һԼղŸֻعֻع˳Чܣۣ޲꣬屩ԤղųתȻǹදԼӴķӦӦѾûдˣٻʣ쳣⡭òƲӦð
ҶЦתһӣأһ̷˼ʱҶЦȥŵ֮˳Ľ
ҶЦϸ۲ȷϳ״֮ɫԴ䣡
ԭҶЦȳٰ޼֮£ֻعЧһȻɹ˳ȴһ޴˳ΪֻԪƷˮ׼ֻعȴҪӵеԪһƷϵĹ塣
ڵֻعѾ˶ƣȴûиı䣡
֮˳Ĺ壬͸ɲֻعľЧܣղŵѣ״̬ãȻԴֻعЧܣȴҲֻعڳЧܣһʱ˸ʱԳҪԸɣ
ԳǰĹ壬֮ǰ״̬⵽˼㣬涼ҪظĵЩֻعЧܣֻ磬ˣ
ڵ״Ҳͬȫ޸ֻ֮عǿƬ̼ͽĵﾭܸɣȻʱ״̬
ҪǣҶЦȻѾ˳ǰʵԭȴȫ޲ߣ


487 ָ
ȻԴֻعһЧͻеԪһƷΪԿһ·ȻֱԪ۷壬ûݻ͵űɣ״̬ȫ޷⣬Ҳ޴赼Ͼֻع̲صܣǿ֮ϣҶЦҲҪ޴ӣ
ҶЦңĵڡ
ǰӰһȴǶˣ
ҶЦһµʱһϣմڵĵȴ˵ϣССë׵䵤λãȻͼԭѾȻӯȴйһ㣬йߣ֮ǰ״ҡҲƬ֮䣬ԭΪοʼһĽڽڱԪƷƷƷƷգۼѾ˵Ԫ
ҶЦ״оϲдмңۺ֮ǰᵽһЩ飬ѸͷȻǸӦԼ߳״޾ռΪݾӺѩǱԼߡ
ԼȻԳ״޿κΣǶȴӦ֮һﱾʹֻعڷЧ֮ʱ಻ɢڷĴ㣬˿̰䲻ܸɵǲЭȻҲڻ£
ΪѾ˳ԪΣȻֻ͵һƷȴѾֻعޣΣ˲⣡
˳Ϊûоʹսᣬǳһ·߸ͽһǧԪסнס߽ףԪƷԪ۷壡
ȻԮĶҲ˴ɢݳĴ֮ԼȫյһҶЦͻһ㣡
ˣҶЦڿȷΣգ˳ͻƽˣ
ҶЦӡ֤һ£˶ĴЭ˵ӳ֣ӵԪһƷʼĽһ·˳˳ˮȫͣ˳̶ȣҪԼգԭֻعȷ򿪷ʽ
أһһף˳Ԫ۷ΪѾȷϺ⣬ȫˣأʵʵ˵ս൱ʱڣ̫ߣ¿ܶ򲻹һͨĵԪƷߣ
ԭܼ򵥣˳ĵ̫ˣΪֹзùֻعߣĵģԶԶһλԪ˼ԪʱôеԪ׵ΪأԭֻԪнףжԵĶֻ类ֻعűˣ
ԣȻѾӵ򶥷Ϊ̡ȴȱԪǿߵĺȣע޷ǿ棡
Ī˵Ǹ䷨ҶЦ˱ȽϣչƷɡ̷֮սҲҪܵģ
˵˳ֽΪֻ̣Ҫõ䱾ʦϤĵ̣ڱȴԿڼʱʵﵽΪʵͬĳ̶ȣ
˵ҶЦѾǳ⡣
ܾȻѾĺ£
ô֪ȹؼʱҶЦϲõĽڻݺ˼ѡ
һ˷ۡ
湻ǺѩǱߵͻʱµĴϢѾˣзֻعġ˾Ȼң
ǱгѰЩһξ޴˷ѡԽ
ˣ
һƤ
ٹƬ̣˳һ˿йȻǹԲ󹦸ɣ
һ̣˳۾һɨԼӽǣ԰ٱǧˣһ˲ֱУսľλ߸о
˳Ǵӱ֮˿ǲԼش֮࣬էѾȻΪֻΪΪʦ䣬Ļ֮ħɣǰָоΪɳһԼΪĪԼľ֮УȣȻͬһ㣬ֹΪһ֮ǰԼȻζǿ
ǿޱߵֻд˵֮еĵԪƷΪɣԼ֮ǰŲԪƷˮ׼ô֮һͱӣ
εȱѩ˲ʱͨȻǴرҶЦΪԼʲôĶĽ
²ɵһ󼤵ȴ֮ƽͷ̾һ
һǷҶЦʵѾ̫࣬Ѿעˡ
Բ𡣡˳ǸȻضҶЦ˵ôһ䣬ԣ⡣
ǣҲͽֹڴˣͬʱԼԼ˵Ĺϵֹڴˣ
ʦ߻ϣǡʦûˡ
ôʱʦˣ
ʦΪҶһ
һˣ˳γϡ
ΪʦĲҡ
ΪԼ䡣



488 ԡ⣡
˳᳦ϣϾɱ֮ˣѹеĸˣ漴̧ͷҶЦҶӣ˴ζлץס˳ˣȻسʣʻ𣿡
ҶЦ֮£ɵ㶵ǵĵͷ
ʵ벻ףС椵ʲôط⣬ղúõģ˴ԼˣôͻȻ֮䣬ͱһɽɲ֮ת䣬öеԶҶЦ㵲ѣһʱ䶼֪δӦˡ
⣬⻹˳
մ£ͼ󱨣˳ֵ񣺡л
漴վӣǿ壬ҡҡλŲԽԽȽǴѾȫѾԶԶǰʮˣǰΨһģֻѣ
ֳֳȽ˶˵ˣггݳޣ֪ôɱǣ˵һֽѣʵ̫ˡֻޣԼʩչҶ̷ֶΡʦѪһҪΪ
˳ڴ˶ģ˳ὣأһһֵ˵ӽ쿪ʼ˳ڡǳţݣ˳˺ޣ죡ȻǧݶֻزڣҲҪڣǳţնɱȮ
ͳϾϾɱ
Υģ֮
ϣ£֤ԣ޻ڣƣ
˳ؼ֤һһ˵Уһ޻صɱԼһֲһеȻ
ո˵ⷬԭƵգͻһȻ򣬶Ϊһͻ춯
һȻ֮࣬һɫ⣬ռٳ£Է˳üģ
ĳɣ
˳ԴΪעУ²ڡǳŹ֮ĴԸع
˳תԾһֺ̬ҶЦҶӣɻҪʲô𣿡
Ҫˣ˹ȫȨҶЦľȻͷ
˳̬ʵڹ죬֮ˣһ伸֮Ĺϵİˣ
Ҷү鳡СҲĺСףں˵ĳνֱˣ˹ҲҸԶһ㣿
˳һһ񣺡˶лҶֳȫ
ű㼴תһ仰Ҳٶ˵֮ᷭʣŴͷ­ĳ
˳ȻǺ޼ˣֶּ֮࣬Ǹɴؽ˵ͷ­촷ۣ
һɼǿľ˲Ԫ˳һҧֱԼ֮˵ȫɱ

ٲ
˳ʵȻԾֹԪΣʶΪȴѾʵʵĵԪ壬ǲ׾ԭʼֶΣͶԾкţ֮ƣָͽЩ˳
һ̣˳һУԭɢصɻ꣬ͬٴ㺣һ㣬´µصȹߡ
˳ǰΪۣٶȷ֮Уȴֱл֮ȻҶЦ䷨֮Ҳδؿȫˣһ㣬˳֪ˣ
ͤͤ챯ʦ飬ҿţΪѪ𣡡
ͨ£űľŸͷĬĬʦ֪˼ҵ˼ҲܡҶȥһκ˵ĶΨ
ΣҶЦϲˡ
ˣ
ʦȥˡ
һԶ
˳漴תͷҶЦĿ⸴ӡ
ãҶЦ㲻Ҫ
ҶЦȻ֪ǵŮӽôһһľ֮٣ĵӦӲϾ
ȴ˳ԼӯӯݵڵأؿͷȥǴΰݡ
ҶЦ״һæȥʲô㡭
˳̧ͷԹڵϿ鱶ȻҶ֣˵֪ΪƮƹȫ£˺ܶ࡭Īݡץס˳ˣȻұע˵Ƕ֮¡ҩΪˡ
ӵеһУԴԳĶ裡
˳ĿⶨĿҶЦǸŮˣŮ˱ķӣô֣ȻЧأԱԭҲô룬ȻȫΪҲΪϲ㣬㡣
˳ƽ˵ڣעַʽˡߵغĶ飬˳ֻܴӴ˽֮СȴĴˡ
ԣ㲻ҪҪܣҿ⼸ͷԼΡ
Ķ飬ţᱨ𣡴оδ˶س˳˵̬ȣղŷµĺĴԸ˿죬緢һ֮Ը
ҶЦ״ʱסˣƬ̺æ㵸˵˹ⶼ˵ʲôѣ˴˻Ӧõģ¶˵ҲΪҶңǡ
˳ҶЦȰȫȻţȻȻᶨؿͷȥ
ҶЦֱӲܿ˳ҶЦܲᣬԾɹؾصŸղҶЦڵķ˾Ÿͷ
ȻŻվ
ɫƽ侲Į
䵭񻺻ܻҶ֣ңʦôġʬأ
ҶЦ̾˿飬ҲֻýԼһһ˵
˳ţã૵ԭʦȻʲôû¡Ϊͽܣ׸ͽܡʲôûˡһۼ
ᣬա
ĿⲻƣϸѲţڣԶĿǽսϣһƬ°ɫ··ĻߣƮƹеƣ棬еѪ
ǱµһƬ½ǡ
»ϵĺۼ߾ֻʣһƬ½ˡ
˳ᣬֵؽƬ½СĲԼʦǻؼˡ
ȥᣬת˵Ҷ֣֪ʼĩҶΣȻ棬ɽˮǡڡ
˵仰̧ͷҶЦһۡ
ĬĬ˵ҶЦһˡһһΣ㡣
ʦΪҶôˡ
˳գ˵ҶЦףҸ
ҶЦػӰͻȻ𣬺Ƽʸһ㼲ٷȥֻһͳʧӰ
Уһ˿ζ
УȻ䡣
һŮģѾǴӴ˳⡣
ʱ˿̣ҶЦԾɰҲף˳⵽ôˣǾʲô·̡仯˵ȫȻ˸еһͷˮĪ
ǣĪһԾʹһָо
¡Ӵ֮˳Լƽߣ켣ҲܻκεĽ
Ǳ»ҽԶ
֮Լ˳֮䣬ֻһֱȥԽԽԶԽԽԶ
ڽ
˳ϲµĵ㣬ҶЦĵͻȻһȻʧ΢о


489 С˵־

˿ٿѪʬ壬ҶЦüͷ˰Ρ
ȻػһأҲⲻ˸ǳ֮ĶǰɽѣԼûпʼأǷˣȻԵĿ겻ǰЦǽҶЦ
ԼѾݣȴܸǶԹֱͺעƺζ㲻һ㡣
Ե𣿣
ֻһԵ֣ܳ׶Ͼٶ
ȻˣǾͱҽ𣬴д˺޴棡ҶЦ¶ǰδ֮ɫ
ɱҶЦȫ׵Ĵһ
ɽӣΪͻһޱ̳췭
ҶЦڵΪʵʵں޻ٵ۷壻һϺȸǹעΪʯ쾪ף
Уֽ˸
šಡһѩƮƮȻҶЦߣϴ߿ǷʲôҸմͻӥȲĴҹˣ
ѩһΪԪƷ۷߼ʣҶЦʢ֮ʱҲһ֮ңѣ˿̷ֻع֮Ϊֱ¯Ƿ켫֮˿̵ΪҶЦȼ磬й֮޲ġ
ϾһЩԼľͻв֮⣬棬ǹ̶ȷ棬֮ڵҶЦҪʤһϾҶЦǴӵԪƷƷ׽ͬΧ£ѩȴǴӾƷʼʼĲࡣ
ڵĺѩȫһƽơΨҶҺǿ޵УҶҶ˼Ŀֱͷüˡ
ȷʵбʳ֣ǳ׷ɱѡҶЦ¶صɱһһˡ
ڣѩȻŭǳţ
ҶЦԺѩȻҪ֪ʼĩϸ˵һ顣
ѩԵʱɫ䣬ϴǻǸϽȥǱ߲УȻ˵¹Ǳ˪˱ǱȴҲǼŵǿʵݣֹ۰
ҶЦͷһֱڵأڣӵпŵʵȻҪǵ󲼾֣ƸӦĻر
ѩЦӱʮ겻С˱𣬴絽ⱨʱȴѡò粻
ҶЦ΢΢̧ͷĿֱ͸ƲԶһսҶЦԾɲϾһôߵΪʵ̫ۣ뵽ʥ
ѩһ㶣ȻҲ޷ҵǰʵȫ֣ҲӦ˾ˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷѩγأȻʵȻٶ䷨Ҳһƴ֮ԲäĿֹۣȻΪԪΣȴδԪܼɣԾԪǿ֮Уڴ˴ΰʵһ̫ϳϣ˵ʵӦ뺮ϱȼ磬һ˾Ӧ㣬ΪС΢֮ԾԷУ
ѩɫʱÿ૵Ϊʥʵбۿߣԭ뻹кö˱Ҹǿ˶಻ʮûУ
ҶЦǺЦֹʮʵĺ̫ϳϣ֮žӵλͬλǿߣ֮ϵ೬ţƶϣǿֵֻ֮²ʮˣ࣡
ѩʱɵˣɶ˵ǿģٻʮˣҿˣò˻ˣô˹ˣ
ҶЦݸ֪ɣ֮ǰֻǽӴǿߵıԵܹʤˣ٣ʵѾǼ֮ܿɹ飬ֻҪ΢ʵϲ¥
ѩȻΣŵҶϴҲ˵磬㻹ҲûǸʲô΢֮Ҵ򲻹ˣ㻹һ򲻹ࡣ
ҶЦ΢ЦźȻûȫ΢֮Ѿ㾳İεߣӦ֮սʤ̫֮ѵ飡
ѩʱɵˣ૵˹ˣΪڿԱϴǿһˣֻʱҲðԭ룬ôģôģôġ
ҶЦһ㶣βŵСӸղôɧȻΪѹһͷ
ѩʶĵɲôû뵽Ծɲ棬û£ҲģŬŬذʵ˵ŶϴʵǸ˼ʵʵĳͬϽ
ҶЦĿ⣬ѩ֪˵©죬ֽһԵͷܡ


490 
ѩٶȣǼ⣬׾Թ϶˼ٵȴȫ޷ѳҶЦգѩתȴܷҶЦǰ·
ѩ״ԣôҲ벻ͨҵٶڲ֮䣬ԼĹΪҪһҶЦôÿζԼ죬һȫסԼȥ·
ҶЦǺЦСѩνġ΢֮˲ʱϤԷĶԵķӦӦԣԹԵĹ籣֤㣬ԡ
ѩһҴˣҲó쿪֪ˣСܵӣҪ
ҶЦһĻЦ֪֪ÿС췹ء
ƿȫֿΪĺѩ
顭
ѩҽ
˼ȻҪҶЦȴΨֺѩΪ鶥壬ʹĿˣСʿΪãڴ˿̼Եѣȴ࣡
ֵЦƬֽ̣ת;
ҶҵҶЦӣȻʽȴЦҶЦֽҶЦ˵ЦѾãһΣЦĵһսɣ˵ģǰʱǲ粻
ѩϲϴ˵ĶԣЦųƺҶԨԴ˴βҶҵ飬۴ķ潲ǿ˵ùȥҲ˻ɣȷ˴ͬĹϵһٶá
ҶЦٺЦһûô࣡ڵңﻹᵣʲôⷽķĻɡһ·ɱɱǣ
˵ձһХӥŷ֮ն䡣
ҶЦ뺮ѩһΣѾվ˽ӥϡ
ҶЦȵӥȫ
ӥһ˫һ˲ʱ׹ŷɢѾһ֧֮һ㣬ٴƲ㣡
ӿǧ
ҶЦ˳˿ӥԾɽ룬Ŷȥ

ҶĻϲ֮ʱ
Ϊ˳죬Բɣ¹˪¹߲㣬¹ѩ˳ͣ˿̣ʮķ򸾶ƾԲٶȾס
ҶҸֻоˣ
Ȼˣν˳족ĹҲֻԱȽ˳˪õĴ֧֣һ˳
˪¹ڸո»ʵʱ»ԾɼֲͽܾôҶ뿪
»ʿڹ˽Ҷ¹ѩ˽ʱգ»ԾǴ￴Ҷ죬ΪСӴκһ˵䲻Լͽܣڹ˴ѾôĶԹΪһ˵߾߾ܽ
ؼǣǷߣìԾ޷ˣˣҲˡ
ȻĽͬα˳⣡
»ȷҶԪΪ֮Ծãٰޡ
⣬˪Ůʲõվ˳Ŀ֮£չʡ
˪»ʷѣ㲻˳ŵֻҪҶ챾ΪԪ˼һžôµҪ˼ˣȴˣɶ˼֪ɶŲ𣿡
ºֱŭˣʵΪţԳ磬㷴ڸ࣬¹ߣ
㲻ƤķڣϷˡܻԭǽ޹أ˵տ˵ĳŵ֮Ҳ˳˼˳ŵˡ˼ʲãȴҲʧȥãʵǲӡȻˣ¹Ҳûٴȥôɢ˰ɡ˪溬ɷ
ǰô壬۵Ƕ޷ˣôأ
ºü»ʣǴһʼͲسŵαǰȥһ˵ҲӦȥʱ͸˵װ˵壬ϧԼƤÿûôƤ״ڰĵ˵㻰ˣⲻô㵽Ҷ򸾣ǽã
Ī㿴棿Ժ֮֮ȥСɫ˪ץסɲ֣չ׷ʹ
ԭ㾹ˣǽ棡ºֱȻһν֡
ǲǾܺ棿Ȥǲǣ˪ߡ
֪֪¹ôϣºʹļס
˺ãĵطǿ϶סġ˪䵭ǰôôǶˡ
ǰǶˣº
ֹǣ¹µˣֻǳǽСӣҲ򶪲˵ģŮͬ
Ҫɴཫɽɢ˰ɣԡ˵ţкĿۣ֮ɢˡν϶ˡŮں䣬̬Խҡ
˪ȫ޹˼ɣͬʱ쳹¹Ļ¹͵


491 
¹ʧȥһ¹ѩ˵ûʲô̫ʧ΢΢ǶӶѣúõĻΪһμѻӮʧȥ˪ǿǾԵ˽ǡ
Ůݡʵ¹ӵоصӰ
ǰؼĻڣŮ޹˼ʲô˵ɿ֮£»ʵĺǲơ
˼˪û˵ΪţŲţȡˣΪƶ˵㣬ôԳôô»ʣ
ˡһƲһ඼ʸˣ̸ִţ
ȻҲһ˽ʾ𾪣ƽյ˪ùȻҲֻƾģмɵҲȫ޹˼ɣʲôʵ˵Ҳ̫뺷˰ɣΪһˣȻֱӰ߶ɹ﹬Ĳˣòôϸ߰

¹Ҷ򸾵δǿǴ׵˪ºŮôܲĵҲ͵ͬǵ׵𣿣
ˣ˭ˣҪԱ¹²˺òã
Ȼ׵ԼСżꡭ
ŰɣӲƣ
¶ҪǸɲá
Ȳ˵ܹܲȥԼأֻҪܵĲģֻôһԼҲǾԳܲ𰡡
ŮһǿƿڣԽ˵ԽԽԽ˵λ뵽ơǣ˵˵ţŮһֱӱʾ빬ĶΣһɴֱ࣬ӰνɱȻ
ȻһҪֵ̬ˣ
˵˻ǹ̬¹˵ȣȴỳԽýԼԸʵжľģ˵߾ߣ˵ҲĻᶯ֣޻٣
»ֱηˣ
⣬ôһ°
ҡҸղ˵ʲôңҲû˵ʲôȻôķӦأ˵׻ǲ¹ĳˣǵʲô
ƨɾȻܹᵽȵزأ
˵ˡҲû˵ɶ˺ٳŵõĻһûü˵ںòã
Ҹղֻ˵һ䣺飬дȶ
˶Ѱ
ôһ仰
Ҽ޹Ůѵ˾ͲӦϸ
ô˵һ仰Ҷ˶ûôֱӱأ
˪ҵֱǿϵµһСһıӡ
ºòٶ˵һ仰ֱӽҸɵˣ
ôᷢչǰزأ
ⶼĸİ
⡭ίʵ̫ˡ
⡭ǲ̫һ㣡
»ʸоԼھһһ㡣
һ˲ʵоجΣ
ǽϢ֮ŭ֮ţΪ֮Ҳû˵ͬǷ뿪Ļɣ
»νһӵĺߣϣӱֻ˵Ҫȶһ¶ѣ¹ѩһȥ͵ǳˣǱʥŮȻǳޣҲ׼һðһݼױɡ
һͷߣŭѰռŮҲҪһ˾һϸڰɣô죿β˭棿ǰɣ֮һ޳մӣݻǰʥŮѵʽﱸǳ̶ûУĶΪ˳Ц
ڳ˼ȫüëǹ졣
˭֪ڵ»ⷬԵԲԣԵʽƱ硣
˼Բӵġ
ȴ˪ºֱֱסˣֻѡίȫ
˪ԶʱתΪϲԭı⾹ˣȷʵǸհԶıԶǣݽ겣ǽøղųһʱߣˣڴǸˡ
»߲ŸһҪ˵ӣȴºſ˵˵ĵһҲûУȷʵõϸͨ˼Ҽ޹ŮҲҪһݷļױأο¹οǰʥŮޣ£ǲа㺮ᣬ˳Ц
˪һ֣Ϳˣ˵ʰۣȻѾǵȫûнȫҲ¹еĳ棬쳣ʢģڼױѰռŮǺױʮ¹ô˵Ҳ֮һҪǵմӳޣԸǧٱѰգױе֣ôҲúױǧɣǰĺˡֻ˿ˡ
ɶףױǧզ˵¹¹ѩױأ
޸̣˿̿û˸ҳͷӣ治֪ҶǱ߸˪ѾͷʲôȻάҶҵ˵ز
˵ǣȷʵҺͿˣͽʰۣº˵ǹ˵öԣ¹Ҳ˿ǽԵֹ֧Ӣߣ


492 ʨӴſ
ºһǵͬʵˣʢ񣬷ױȫ»ʵļȶţ˷ԣ»ʱˣԼΪԣ
»ᵱҲ޷죬Ծ״Ůһһ˵öԣҡɶʱô˵ˣҡòʲôû˵òãô˵Щȫҵİأ
⡭»ͷߣҪ˵
аܹҶ¹ѩѾǼޣôҪǳ񣿸ױҪױǧ⿪ʲôЦ
⻰˵˪²»ʵĻ¹ˣǽȫ֧»ʵߣ
ǾǡºͷȻѾױǧױѡ棬Ǹһ˼ģЩ͵εģģǲҪóȥƽЦεĳޣ»׿֧ɵģͳ¹棬ҲҪʲôʲôúõһˣǿ¹ǿʵ޷⣡
ô˵ģ˪Ŀºʰ֮ļֱֱ˵ȥˣΪ¹棬Ϊˣױһ߹ģҪͲҪױǧֱӺױˡ

˽ĵ׵ĸ̹¹ÿһһӶѵ˵һ棡
ױǧﶼˣҪױҲҸһ㣬⵽ʲô
Ҷڣһаæ룬˼һ£¹Щز¹ôҲõ׺ٰʮŰɣǿ¹ƣٲõģ޹ӣҲٰʮžͺˣҲ̫࣬ڱѰɫɴÿ͸һöˡǡԣЩʲô֮⣬ʲôóܹǰһĶҶ룬¿˲ģŸļױ֮⣬˽˲һױô
ĶǸоһѣ
˪÷˰ɣ
˵ЩͻѾԽ¹Ϳˡ
¹ȷʵ¹ƣڰԣʥҩۣ֮ڷĪЧǴǳ¹פˮ֮±Ψд˰ܲѣ飬ϼѣһֻһʱ䣬Ҳδܲһ飻һǰٰʮţ׺׺
޹¹еģӵлΪЧ֮⣬ħļƷҩȴ֮¹黹ҪΪϡ꿪̣סʱ伫Ϊݣָ֮䣬ܼʱժͻữɢС
ٳ¹֮ĵطһ־͵һһƴɱϡ֮Ҳһǰٰʮأ¹òҲһźòãզ˵ȫͳȥأ
ǱǣôѰɫˣб꣬Ǹ¹ӣǵóȥһٿű꣬һ֮ڣ¹͵ñˡ
˸еƵǣ׿Щ֮⣬ȻҪģ
ÿ˶Ҫͺױ
϶ǷˡҪզͻȻ֮ôأֱòã
Ҫ水ǽõ˵Щȫ͸¹ѩױɴཫ¹͸ø׬飡
ȿȿȡ»ʾҵĿͨ졣
ڳ֮Уλ¹ΪΣȻ˶֪ղŸĿڣԲԣԼ֪¹˪֪Ҷ֪Ҳȫ֪ˣ֪֪Ѿ˵˵ǰϣֻܼߵߵͷˣ
˪õǰ˵ϣȴԴ»˵ʣ֮˪ᵽЩױȫǸ»ʵ˵ģ޵ķʸ
ڹ˪öҲҪһС룬µȫҪ»ʱƫƫҪưͳԻп಻˵
һߵʵʵҶ죬˿ѾĿϾӡ
һʼʱ˶˪»ʸһǧ֮⣬߸ϵӣҶľʶ˰ء
Ǿ˿ʼ˷ת˪쭣ºŮֱӾ¹չ޼ɵãһǿʶͷߣڳ̬Ȼ΢ת
ʱҶоѾˣϲ⣬ϲˣû뵽˪ŮǵˣֱӿʼʨӴſڡ
ΪеߣȻڰΪżҪױĺ𣿣
һҪǽһֱ׳ϧѪֱҵϧļơ
Ҫ˵»ˣҶ챾ˡҲоԼҪˡ
硭˵̫أֻ̫أǴʱˣ󣡡Ҷ˿оֻһ仰
˪õĳƪۼ¹֮УѻȸȻ
ֻ»ʳζĿڿտĴлص


493 ⷢ
Ǹ˪ϡڰĳڣλ¹ĵʥŮɱ÷
ۼ˪ϧΪ¹ѩ̬Ȼ˾ɱ÷ѾףҪֹҶ¹ѩ͵ͬǸ˪ΪԣѾˡ
ȻֹˣǾҪ˼¹һЩʧ
ؼǣɱ÷ĵĲģ¹ѩһǰʥŮǴ˹˽ͨӣվҪų۳ţһĪĴ̼
Ȼ»ʹ뽩֮УԿڣȻ͵ԼʥŮˣ
ױ֮£һ˪˵Ŀίʵǹھ޴ˣˡأ飬ҲҪ¹Լһ
Щ޵Ҷһۣ˿̡˻ڡ
ĻȻûȫ˵֮꣬Ѿװס
˿̱ε»ҲԼڴ˿˵⼸仰ʮֵеͷŴҪ˵ʾ֧Ԯͽܵĵڣȴ˪һļתžһƣԴλʥŮϣ˵ʲôֱ£Ҳ廰أ֪¹е㸲ʦƽ̵𣿼ֱ֪ص˼㣡
ίʵǷºŭ棬Ҳȥϼƣλɱ÷ʥŮѾ˪һƴȥɣѩ׷۵Ѹ߸ָӡȻϡ
ŮԴһʼͷ¹ѩҶһ¹ѩ飬ǳĸܣƲղ̬ȫתأһɢı硣
һУԴ¹ѩļʣҪȡ֮ιе飬˪ڵѾ˽
ԭʹҪҸڽѵ޳Ůһ٣û뵽˿̾˳ֱ»ǲ˻úõؽѵһ٣ôԵ磿
˪һƣǽһʵȫް֡
ҲԣȻ֣ûɱ÷˿̾ͲֹԽѣһغˣ
һƵȻڴл
»ü˵λʦãôδЩ˰ɣ÷ô˵ҲǱʥŮݡȨޣ˿̿ڵĳҲΪ˱˼ܣλʦǣڶк
º˵˵˼ܣ񲻸֤⣬ûûأûû£ֻҪҷ֣ģɱ÷֮ǰ޶˲ԣϱҪ̣̽ǴΥ棬˵Ļֱ޷죡йϢ֮󻹲һҸղһƣѾǿʥŮݣ飬Сʹ룡ҵ֣С棬Ȼƻ˹أ͸𷣣¹غڣ
˾ˮ
·ϣ
˵ɱ÷·ϵĻ
ôʲôأ
ͱˣĿӣ޼ɵɥĲ»ʣ˵·ϵǶ΢ָأòã
Ϊ˾Ȼܹôڰֱ׳˵ֻ
ֱƤ˼㣬ûгǽô񡭡
Ϊǿһ̻Ҷ¹ѩˣЩͷɱ÷
ȴһºصͷ漴Ϊɱ÷ֹˣ˼аعأ¹ţģײĿ޹пˣȴкεºܼʥŮ֮λ빬澱أЧȣ
仰һԾǳɱ÷ǺûеԹ֮飬ɲǼͱ˳ͷβĿ־塣
ıˣôԼɾһȫˣ
ºϣ¹˪λ¹ĵλôĿԼԼղأҲעҪѹˣ
ǣҡҴҲûеλĪ˵ûйòð
»ɫ࣬ϴδЩԹʵˡ÷óȻҲ¹Դ˼çײҲھͱݣʹա
˪ЦԴԴܹ֮һ¹ᲢСҲ֪»ʱлͽ֮ģ»ϸ˼أϣ
˪ؾס»˵ġ֮һ¹⼸֣Ȼһֱôô򣬲ˡ
»ѾˣֱӱͷʹޱȣȻ˽ѣô˵ԸƵķΧ֮С
ͻȻеЩͷʹǾ˷ˡ»ɫɲǼһҰףɫҶ°ɣ£顣
Ȼûа취ϽһޱŵĽڣ޷Եʦ˳ȥȴԳ̾üչ
Ҳ벻ôݱӡ
Ǵ˵еת𣿣
ίʵɽˮ
ֻأ»ͷʹ֪ӦŲǵ˵ʦͬʱȴмԼһĵ׵ġԼϲá
ѩ»һҹδ˯ҹУվ¹֮У³̾Ըͷδڡ
̾У¶еظ
漴ȥ¹ѩǱߣָʥŮһӦöȣϤĵգ
ǡ
»ʵһ˿ϲ⣬Ӧ
Ϊ»ʵĸβ֪¹ѩ»еĵλ񳯹Ȼ¹ѩ֮գȴҲδ»жǷݳõ鸺֮ʱ


494 
ڶա
¹ŵƽʣһϲ
¹λ̫ϳûгȱϯ֮⣬Ŵͬʱߴóĵ³ϰȫһǶ
ټ¹˴󻤷¹ȫ嶥һá
飬뱾ȷеִʹ¾ϡһҹ˼֮¶˾ġ»̾˿˵ȻԾۼڴһ£¸õβٰ졭
Σһ㱾ڴȣ˪λ϶Ҷֻ˵Ҷ⣬ŴҶĿõģұҲȷʵгŵ˪λͿ๦ߣ˵ʲôҲҪһӣȻԼڴִҲҪչһ˪λϵԣдµģͲҪˡ
仰һʱͽǼλȫҶؾ֮˵һסˡ
˪˽쿴»ϵϣȻͶұٲؾصһߣֻô˵Ҫжء
ֻ֮Ծûκһȳ
û˳ԭȴǼַԣ忹飬ίʵǡ¹ȷʵνٰµˡĶûо顣
仹ҪؼױĿá
˪ºԷҪۣ϶ǲǸ׼ﻮֱ˿Ծǲףһµļһ̣С¹Ʋĵ൱̶ȵļһôôͦҶأ
ǳ˿̣»Ѿ˻λѵÿһأһҪչǵӡ
ҪۣػǮۣҲҪиȵġ
ܲ˼˵һٿţʣвУ˵ֱ͵ͬǽƣ˪Ůĸԣпܼʱ֡
ͿһǶҪһ٣ˣ
Ȼǵ涯Լδؾеκһˣǡ˼ãһ֣һҲϣͨĪ˵һԼԼҲǸ
˵ˣΪ˶ټױ⣬Լȴһȥ¹ӿɾĶһ㶼ʣˡ
ͬģͬһʱ䣬˶ûп˵
ҵ˼ǡ»ʼҶڣü˵ȻҶ˼һ˵ǱֻõѯˡϣҪ˵
»ѡ˻Ǻмɵġ
ڳ˭֪ϳ˵λ֮⣬һϺˣǶڱ֮ڵ飬Ǹʲݺϡĵ䷶
Ͽһɳ˵ʵʲô֪ģʲôҲ֪ģ˪λʲôҲ֪ġҿǵģиԵĵҲиԵ
˿ΪﶼиԵȻųͻ֪ģŴҲ֪ǰ֮ƣ˵һ׵İ취ҵ뷨˴Ǩһ㣬кһ£ҶܽܣҲܽܣ˪λҲܽܣڣҪһź⣬¹Ӻ硭
ΪֻҪϼ㣬ҲͿˣȻЭʵʩλôҶ˵˵㼺ܽ˴˵ìܷԵ͡ϵòȻ˵꣬һҾ˵ôɡ
˵ЦЦŹͷºͷŴҵͷȻλϷ̴ĴϾʩʩȻȥŻʱͱ۾һơ
ڳˣ»ʺ˪ºڣȫһ־Ϊ˵ĿŴעĿ
ⷬ˵ģ̫ˮƽˡ
˵˰죬ȫоݣʵȴʲôݶûС
˭֪Ҫ͸ìܷ磬ڵĹؼεͣôѴҶ֪ŵϣȻʹ֣޹أ⣿
»촽鴤һ£ס˵ĳ嶯
ϣ֪ϡ֮ҵ˼Ҳϡģȴû뵽ϡ͵ģȻѾȲʳ˼̻ĸز
˪Ҳһ£Ķô̫̫ţǷŸƨҲеζⷬ˵ģȴôġǲòһְ
ºƲ촫ػҿ˵ôһγƪۣվֱӷŸƨأʡʱ䡣
˪ʱ˳ƣѾͷô˵أûеŮҵˣ
ºƲƲ죬ԽԴŤһߡ
»üͷϸָһüġ
λ¹¹߲㿪ᣬѳС
˹Ȼʵʵ¹߲㣬ȴˣҲûĹġǲ׳൱桭ֻЩһˡ


495 ױִ
˪λϵ˼ҪŲʢһЩûʲô⣻ױ桭»ʵ˪λ飬ΪǰʥŮµļױԵȻ¹زΪ¹飬һٿţ޹ӣһٿţ꣬һö
˵Զһ£ȻҪҵķӦȴִⷢһһ޶Եӣһ²ؼ߸߹ӣȻûнЩױ¡
»ʼ޶ԣ죬ȴ֪ͬ죬ЩҪѾ˵һˣ˵һ飬ʲô壿ǿ
ø٣ø٣˵ˡ
ɶ¶ǿͷܼܲټױ˪õغȻΪΪ˹ƧнύȴҲ˽ԹƾõǿʵѾǵѡƣ˳ͷ
ͬͬ˶α˳ԼͲóˣҲͱû˳״
ǺмλĲעµĳϣʼϥϢѾҪ붨ˡ
Ͻʵ¡
»ʲɵһ󷢺ݣ˵˿Ҷ鶼ûʲôȻˣҾڴ˪λϵ飬һͨ飻¹ѩޣ޾¹飬꣬޹ӣһٷݺˡûʲô£Իȥˣʵ¡
»ıֺЩֱ˵ɴڳһһļơ
ȻҲƹˤ˼
һԴϳͷñ»һȥ˪ºѹôɵ
ûۣܵ»
ӣǻܲס
ǻסΣЩôյĹ鴦뱾ͽ֮ôûбˣ
ɣɣ
ߣ
Ȼ»仰һ֮жʱһƬɧң˭û뵽»ʾȻܹͬ׵顣
ôУ
򲻿ɣһͽ붨״̬ĶվЩˣ¹飬޹꣬¹֮˵¹֮ڣֻȥһţѾĶͣǱĪʧҲδֲοÿһٷݣǧ˼
ǱҲؿˣǰҲ˵¹ʥŮûг޵¹ѩܹƸޣѾǴ¹Ĺأ¾ԵڹŵҲӦ֮⣬ɸ¡ؿԽô֮ͬһˣ϶ûɡ
ˣ򲻿ɰʮ߰λҲסˣ׷׷ֹ
һʱ䣬Եռ˾˶סˡ
Ϊ˶ףİ³óȥ¹ĸİ˾ųɣʱ߽ⶼǺõġ
ڵԱȫ
Ҫ̸ʲôһ߲Ρ
Ҫ¹嶼ˣƨ
»а֣״Ƭ̺ŵд˵ģҲпԭֻءղ˪ҶûԣΪҶ¹ѩŲ˴񡭡
ʱ㶼Ȩʧ˼ȴԲǱʾͬ⡭
԰Ҫ֪˵Ƣ
ô˵һٷݵ˵ҲǶ϶ϲԵģ
Ⱥӿ˾ûһͬġ
˪öûڹ۳ڹۻҪÿһٷݵ˵ֻߣֻʵ䷴޴ת
˵ʱͬǸӣ¹ؼʱԣ
»ڷģȴǹüͷ״Ȼﶼ˵УôݼױĿҪ׶ٲźʣҪ۳һĿɣôС飬ѵҪõȥ˵ˣ˪λϿɾء
»ʻﻰ˼¶ǡòһķʩ˪¾ҪĽЩȫˣʱĴ֣Ҳ˭ԼܹӦ˪ãг޷
˵˵˵˵һŮʼױȻȻܲҵɡһϴš
ǰǰÿһٷݵĿԲеġ
ʲôһٷݣҪ˵һٷݣÿһݣýһȶЩǺ챦

ۣ̬ƿǰ𱬡
ݹ¹䣬ʱ򣬵ʹûôҹ˷ԶôӻԾΨǰ˵롣
˪ȴԽԽ⣬һʱ޿̣ʵλλ˵һ䣬Ӧ֮⣬ǣǲҲӦùһǵĸܡÿһٷݲ٣ҪۣҲûָùóôԴ㹬ãǻء
ǣһ٣ھȻ˵ʲôһݶȶɾǴ˪õˣ̫˰ɣ
º漴ڵվ˭ʹ컰۽ø¾Ͳ´󣡡
˿ǰǵ˲ʱΪ֮һ͡
˵ǿƱʣڳһһȫЩġ
¹ûκһ˶˵аա
һֱڵĴϿһ˪˵ĲҶԼҽãܰѹصϤˣôһ𱬣ǰķ˵˲һĿôֻҪ˫ȡùʶľˡȫ϶ǲУһŶ˪λҲȥӶۡͰۺˣƣ
»ڱϣԣɫ쳣Ŀλϣ˲Ű
»ʲ̾һڣȻ˵һûûζĻѵǰոѹ
ǽð½ʹ죬棬˪ʾԼһʮŵʮ֮䣬֣Ҳˡ
ɶܣʮһŭ
һߵķʵ˪֪֪˵Щ¹һŶ٣
λֿܲĳϣǿЦõΡ
٣ºһʵ
¹飬һţλϳص˵ңĿǰ߰ȫۡôˣ޹ӣһҲʮţҪһٿţȫ嶼ɱˣҲǴղġ
Ǳ꣬汲ķĻܣҲʮſŶѣԵĿҲ
λϿ˪º۾ΣǰǰǴ¹Ϊ˼޹ŮҪأòð¹ͳȥ
գһЦ
صȫ棬һô㣬ҪеĶĿ
ǿѣǿأ
˪ºϵʱҲһ죬˵ЩǱеززôһ㰡
ƽʱ˵Щ֪Щ¹زǴ˴λع·ϴģҶؾ۵ԶЩزľĿ֪ġ˿һ˵ȷ֣֪ԼԼ˵ȷʵЩˡ
Ҫ
ǵĳҲֻҪۡŶԷ۾ˡ
ôһЦ֮󣬴֮ڵҲɡǢࡣ
»ʴ˿棬оԼ˵ʱ򣬾˵˪Уڹ֪Ϊ֣¹顢޹ӡǱƷغίʵܸ̫࣬ڴɱһµĿ֣˪λϼȻˣһҲν顭ǸĶˣ¹Ҳʧ𡭡
һ£ɣĿ־Ͷһϵģʮ£Ҿڽ¶ˣɲҪسƤˡ
ºһƲҪ˵ȻǻҪһȡȴ˪һס䣬ʾҪ˵ˡ
ʵϣܹȡġսѾܿɹģ࣬»ԱУԽ࣬ø٣
Ī˵ÿܻòһţ㵱һֻһţҶСطҲ㹻һµС¹ˡ
ɶǰ׵õġ
֮ǰĿֻҶ¹ѩžΪǰᣬȴµջ񣬿ν֮ϲٶνģν֦Ҫ鷳
ʱ˵ǸҲ˵ġ
û¹ܸ
ȫ̷ϣΪ϶Ȼ൱ò
Ǹˣ¹ὫĶˡϾ֮ͳȥˣһЩСֵüΣҪǻЩϸ֦ĩϰ˵ˣǿɾĳһɵˡ
̫ˣ̫ˡҡͷ۵졣
ʮ̫ˡһλҲҡͷ߰˿ţҲ࡭
ţǶˡһλϷŰۡ
Ŀšòƻ𣿡һλվ˵⻰ĳ͵͵˪ãеĵֵҪŰɣ
вУǶࡢǶˡ
º̲סʵˣǲǲŲأ治֪զģôôСأ¹ѩѾָʥŮݣ¹ʥŮޣǻӶࣿҿȥˡҲѹְ޵ĲԼŮů̬Ī״
ºⷬ˵ġ֪ƣζΡ
ڳ˼תһʱҲԼ˼ȷʵЩƫ»ѾʮµķݶԼȴŻӶ࣬˪ãֻ»Ǳ߶ཻȥʱɿڣȴֲģϾǺôһԴ
Ҫ¹飬ţ޹ӣţ꣬Ŀţ˰ɣ˪Բһίȫӣ˵һٿţǲ˽״Ƕͬ⣬֮У»ʶʮŵƣټһ룬Ѿѹţû˵˰ɣǽӣôҲֵ˰ɣ
仰˶Ǹоûش
ǲͬ⣬Ҳ͵˵ӣֵôࡣ仰˵תȴ˭Ҳ˵ڡ
һ˵ɾͳ׵Ľ˪ˡ
ɵ£˭˭ɣԼǲɵġ
ڣһֱϡûвֵ̽Ĵٶ۾˪е࡭
λרźϡĴϣô˵ĵһĻ
˾ŵصɴ۾ûдϿڣѾ׼ĬĿˡ
㡭ºվҪ쭡
ôΣȻôĿŵ޼ɵĲǽӣǸ涯
˪æס嶯𷢻𡭡˼ҿһӻֻ˵ôһ䲻ϡĻɱٸ˼ҷˡǵӣ˼ҲҪӵġ
ºĹĵ˻ȥ
˪ΣȻϿ˽ڣСڴ˸ӣٶһ󲽣¹Ŀţ޹ӣţ꣬ţϹſţȡⳤþãܿ˰ɣ
ºһߣһˣҿ˵ˣѾǽԭĵˣԲκòˡ
һ
ͱĶԣĿеˡ
Ƕ˵Ѿǳˡ
ô죿
Ҫô죿
ǺǣҲָӣ¹ĿžĿţ޹˽һţĿţΨǱꡭ¹ĸ䣬һţǾſţþ֮ⲻơ
»ǡֵվԲ
˾һټһű˿⣬ȷʵ¹ڣֻһţѾĪͣôҶݵǣ»ʾŵ˽һ޹ӣ޹Ӽ»֮ÿҲܷһŶѣڴ˽Ǵֱʣ
»ʵοڣȴһЧ˪ºĿȻǿԽܵģҲףѹȥˣǿѹȥɾҪˣһֹǶ˪»ʣղŵĿ»׶ģ
ȻһﻹǸое࣬ҶʶȤûٶ˵ʲôֻȴһ㣬˪˵»ʶ¹ѩʦͽ֮飬޵ķʸ
мڴˣ˸飬ʹͬ»ʵۣ
вﰴʸѣ޾ôö֪Ҳ޺ˡ
»ƽɢᡣ
һĪϲ븴ӵ飬뿪˴
һ֣λһʼĩойࡣ
˿̻룬»ʡﰵĺ˪һսߵġڴ˵㣬ҶܹоһЩǣ»֮ǰǼҶ¹ѩġֽô̬תô޴أ
Ͼ¹ѩôǴĿõʵ
ǽ֣ʵ˷ѽ⣬˵ֻΪ˪ºʩѹĻ»ʾò
飬ԽԽǿˡ
ţȴһ»ֻˣˣ⼸һֱоľƺʲô齫Ҫһ㡭ָоǵоãҸӦ쳣ǿң֪ûƵĸо
ˣʱ˵ôһ䣬Ҫҵҿ϶һǸ񾭲
»˵ȴ˾衣
߸Ѱһ죬Ϊһĸ߶ϣ֮ʶӦ޷˵ĸоֱһĸӦдȵһ쳣Ҫɲ֡
»ʱ²ᣬһΪɹ˵ҽҲʱоһֱðĸӦָӦʵڣȴֲ֪ʲôط
һ˵кüȻȷʵкö˶Ƶĸоֹ
¶ɾЩŹˡ»˵۾ȴϸ۲Щ˵ˣݣλ󵳡
֮ͻȻɫһ䣬֮ǰִʮӣǰȥ̨ǱߣʱտѾܲˡûлϢҲûд


496 ʡ
»ʿһȦ֮ȷָоЩˣȻȫЩִͶõˡ
оǣ͵ǰ˵¹ûڳĸ߲㣬ֻˡ
»뵽¶Ȼһͷɫʱһ䡣
һжһƬɻ󲻽⣬Ȼ֪ɽǰɫ»ؾʧ̬ˡ
Ҳֻ֪ΣһѯϢ˹ʶִԴӳȥ֮󣬾ֻǰʱзϢ˵Ѿӽ̨֮ҲûκϢ
飬ȷ֡
ףʲô
һλüǴִͶȻð󲻻Ҳȥʥ˰ɡ
仰һ˵ɫһ䡣
ʥ˵Уͺûʲôˡ
ŵĵӣǸ߲㣬Ƕ϶ϲֿƽݾʵ;Ĳ·ģ
ǴִͶһʱǻ裬ȥˣô˿ûϢȻΪѾȥˣλϢ
ܣ»ʶȻ˵ִͶԸȣûаյ飬Ӳ᳢ͬһνݾοͬȥĻôӣ˵飬ҲһϢҲ
˷׷׵ͷǴִˣϢĴ
ƶϣôȫûκϢ־ֻһܡǡ˶ͬһʱĳ飬ֶ°סˣϢĿյûУ
»ʵϣ֮ɫֻǣ׷ʲôأὫȫסأ
˶档
»Ȼɻ䣬ûнȴҲǵǰпܵ״˵ǾǴе¹ӣȫˣ
»ʳƬ̣ϣϣϵţǵǰȥ̨ĸ֣ȥûУҪڵһʱ֪Ϣ
ǣȥŮվĴӦһתȥ
˶֪»ʵ˼龡Եøˡ
ŵлȥģ߶Ϣȥˣֻ¹ûϢôͲˣп¹ˡ
ܹϢִΪٵеȫʵȻͬСɣ¹ǿ¹ԵͬǽҪһƽ١
һѡ
Ҳڲ֮һҴս
ųȥҲûлȥҲûϢ͸ӵĴˡ
ΪǼĳӵгǿʵŵĶһ޴ĺƽٽ٣һڱ컹Ҫѣ
Ƕ¹ԣǱǴˣǺ£ѣ
Ȼеֿܣ»֮ǰءֹ۵˵һϤĳ¼סˣʱûϢҲ¾Ϣˣ
ڳˣû˭ұֹ۵뷨նĽһʱ䣬еգͣǰྲ
ε٣ʱҲ޼ƿʩɹͨϢôôʹ
Ҫǳȥ̽һ£ϢȻδض׼ȷʤڿݣҲ˼ѾصĽԴء˪üëһ顣
ȻڵǰϢ¹ԣһǰ취İ취
򲻿ɣ˿Ҫʵ׼ȷ鱨һѽԭϢĿȫǣ档»ʼæֹǰһУϢأšǵɵĶûϢشô򡭡
Ŀأǣһֵ˭Ѳһƽ֮С
˵͵һҲ֪ؾȻ뵽ˡѩ˿̸Ҷȥ߷԰һƽ٣
ϾҶڳУֻһֻп޵СϺף˶ѣ

ϡ
»ʽ˪ºŮ˹ȥ
ǽʵ׷ʲô£»ͻֱ׷ʡ
ʲôҲûŮͬ
ϣȻǲֱ˵»ţֵǽһȥ޾ϸĶ˵һ顣
»ʵҪ˪ºĻǲѾ
ѾͷȻΪߣȴ£йҶЦԼһҪ֮⣬ǿֱ˵ģ㵱潫ʼĩȫ˵һ飡
Ȼ˵Ҷ츸εĲףӷѾʮʱ˵ԪΣжҶЦţ᳦ģʳȻ֮øУĸǾƵǱɣҶ¹ѩĺ£۴ķ˵ĺ£͵ǰ̬ƶ۸ɽƮƹͬ˹ϵֶΪ
˪ºľ»ԽԽǾù졣
˪öҶϸӵۣ᲻̫أʼղԪ׵ˮ׼õô佱ôֱǺĴ˺ô
֮⣬˪Ů˵ģʵҲʲô쳣Ǵеһջ񡪡ƮƹѺõĹϵȷʵһջܹ潨ѹϵ룬ΪŦϵҶңҲΪһ룬¹ԣһ¡
ֻ»ʸȤĻһ㡪
ǶԡǸѩҶǸۼ߰»ʵ
ǡ˪¡
˵ǸСӣ־ҲǽҶЦ»ЩʣΣÿÿ
УȻЩС
˪ºͬʱ̧ͷһ»ʡ
»ʶʱ֪Լʴ˻ʵ˵СӡЩ찡
˪ºǳ˳飬˵
СӿǵĴ磬͹죬Ҫ˵»̬ȲŹòã
»ʳ𣬸ֻⲽ˵˵ҶЦίʵǲ˲ţҶܹ֮Ϊ֮ѺŦĹؼӦСϡ
һݣǺĵһţ̫ϳϵ²ˣҶҲҶЦؼ֮ҶҲŷ˾޴ı䣬켺һҶ󡭡ȻҶʵˡ
УҶ챾ΪҲڶӻؼ֮󣬲ڶʱ˵Ԫġ
˵ҶЦ񻹲ʮʮʱ򣬾ѾӺ½򣿡ǲһʱ䣬ȻҲѾǵԪ֣Ľ˵ãöдۣмӣѩˣοƽˣ
ļ⣬˪º΢΢ͷ
»˸ʣѹסԼǰάűƽô˵СһһţĿǰٶȣڰ֮ڣٵԪƷ۷֮Ķǿ֮У
˪ºһۣꣿ꣬˿ʮ򶥷壡
»Գһɫ䣬żƣ룬мĪοԼһֵĺڷΧһʱ䣬Ȼʧ񣬰β
֮̾˿ЩľƣĻӻ֣лλϣȥϢɡ
˪º˴˶һۣȻǲ»ʲô˼
ţʵЩѹ֣ŮԣһĸϽ˳ȥ
˪Ůȥ֮»ʾԹԵؾڴǰң£þò
Ҳ֪׹˶ãһᣬϢա
վԥһվһţ˳ȥ
ƮС
¹ѩסĵط

ƮС
¹ѩԾɲʲô飻ԴӾӦ֮Ľ֮ؾʹ·ĵǰƮСУʱǵʳԴĹӦҲٻָһЩ
ֻ¹ѩԼףԼõģ¹һӵĹӦңЩǿھӦϡ
ĽƮСһ¹εÿ˵ɫѿúܣʱʱԷ磬¹ѩ·ȹʮ¼£ྲܣ޳˿ɼģ־֮ǿľ֮ȣ׿ԺģЩڸʼղʲȻء
Ȼһգ¹ѩȻ֣ԼĴȻٳָı䣬һǾ޴ĸı䣡
ǰȣֱӾࡣ
Լı촲̵ȼҾߣȫ˳ȥȡ֮ģȴΣ֮£Ҳ߼ůΡ棬涼̵˷Ƥ
õһһİȻȫƷͨɢϹӯӯ
Լ·ҲǴﵽ⣬ȫ˱˿ʣһһףɫֿʽ
һӦȻ¹
Щ¹ѩĿϾӣˣ޷š
ЩԼԭΪ¹ʥŮʱ򣬶ܹȫ¹ϲܵĴңʵȨϡ
ôһ£
⼸ͶˣɫҲʮֵĹССĹģ¹ѩһʱ䶼벻ʵĶԱ󣬳˴˵У׽źʵۻʺЩ̫๬Ů
ΨִһˣֱƳȥĴ̶ȡ
Ϊʲô¹ѩסһůԼߵ¹ӡ
Ӳ֪Ůһ֣̿ػԵôǫС⣬þ䡣
Щ˭ģ¹ѩü׷ʵ
ǡǹóϡλӵĻشһ
ˡȥɡ¹ѩüͷóϸ¹ʹӦȨ޹ԼЩ££ǣԼʶԼΪʥŮ֮ʱλʵȨҲԶˣҲ벻ǳʲôԭܹλʵȨ϶Լӭ
ΨһԿ϶ǣȻʲô鷢ǣԼϡ
ֻǡǷʲô飿
ٹΣɱ÷˹ѻ꺮ů̬ȣֱͺԼò׽á
¹ѩԴ˸һͷˮ
ŮˣӵҶ¹ӵʱ򣬾ԼУĲͶ㲻ϣԼΪʥŮ֮λ֮ˣҲûԼйʲôɫڶ·󣬸ٰ䣬˴ìܿ˵ѻ⣡
ôˣ
Ȼרţһ̬ȡ
˭ܸ⵽Ƿʲô飿
᲻̫ã̫죬̫ƹأ
ɱ÷´֮һϮʤѩ£̬򷽣绪¹ѩ·ʮĽͷȫûκӡһ㣬ֻоеĽͬһĳӣԼҧǧٿף֧顣
ƾʲô
ƾʲô¹ѩôã
ҳһ¹ǽʱԼȻҪǰ棻òϣҶǶŮҳɱ÷ҪƯƾʲô͵»ʵۣΪʥŮ
Ӵ˸߸ϣ
δ»֮λڣ
ҲչҲˣ˭ʥŮݣƫƫرãҵöƾʲôҾҲǵ㲻
޷ܵǣˣԼһһƭӣЩٲȴһȽᣬصĺжҶ죿
ˣܲռºôҶˣȴҲҵĿʼ¹򣬲µӶ飬ۼˣԼ˽ｫʧȥ֮عɣ͵͵λϣµĸӰ޷Ŵڽǲɢ¹ѩʧȥʥŮ֮λ֮ھ֮ô꣬Ϊһжʲô仯
һӦãѳȻҶҷбʵԼԳ飬ɷ˪ǿƳ֣ҶĪøУݱ˹
ѵҶ쾹Ȼֹ¹ѩˣǡң
Ϊʲôƾʲôܹһһҹ֮䣬׷
˪ºλΪʲôô޵ߣ޼ɵ֧
Ϊʲô֧ң
е⣬óɱ÷裬
˿̣ټ̬򷽡ݹ¹ѩԼϵı˿·ԼһŲֻļ£ƽ᲻ôĳȹӣȻȫʵصģԱߴ򿪵òƸɫͬʵ·Ҳһȱòôߣˣõô
УͷϣΣ׹ΡЩǼغ̶·ҡҡҡҷˣȻȻɢʵ
һеһУ¹ѩǹɫǵӳеøƻãʤ칬ŮΣһûкòá
ɱ÷ĶƤˡƾʲôѽһ¹ͽȴô߼Ĵѵɸ߲㣬һĶ˲ô
ɱ÷˵ĳԱǴҪ͹ϵģһһ֮ɫֱòã֧˵˼仰Ҵҵľˣߵʱɫ쳣ѿ

һҹ¹ѩͬշת࣬˯
ԭֻΪǰһУ첻ɽ⣬ƣȻ߰ޣ
죬ƮСʵ¹ӳ֮£˼ɾ
¹»Ӱ涣¹ѩ̾Ϣֻ֪Լϵĸı䣬Ǻ£ǻ£
ͻȻ¹ѩȻһ۾ȥȻ
Լǰ֮£ȻվһӰ
ӰվһԴĵ׵ĴȺĿңңع
¹ѩĿӰĿһӴʱϽ򿪷ţ˹ȥ
ʦ¹ѩӵĿӰҹ˼ػϢˣõ֪ͨһӭʦٲǣ
»Ŀ쳣ӵؿԼͽ̾Ϣ
ֻ뿴㡣˵ţ漴ôҽȥ𣿡
Ӳңʦ¹ѩæ»ýԼķ䣬ʦȥݲ衣
Ƭ̣һð
»һ˲ãȻĵصʮˣ㻹ǵϲȵ衣
ʦӵ£ôʦϲá¹ѩ˵
»һڲ裬ǰһοĵֻݳ衭
¹ѩ׵ʦޣⲻҵ
ҹѩ»ʵּ˸Уֱ᣺Ϊʦĺúÿ㡭
¹ѩǰع¹ѩףãûнĿŲ
Ҳ֪˶֮»ٶȿ̾Ϣѩʮ¼¡𣿡
ޣ¹ѩҧ촽תΪ䵭˵Ӳҡ
¹ѩĻشǲңȴǲޣֻʮĹ¼ţҲʲôȴǷɢʱܵȵɷӲϢʱѰʮ£βޣܲޣ
»һĪʹԳЦȻκˣҲǻҵģ⻰ʵñˣ쿪룬ȻһȻңúҵˣңȴҵĲǡ
ЩãȻתĿ⣬ĵֻǣѩǷ֪Ҳ㡭߱һҪޡ
¹ѩȻ̧ͷʦ
Ȼ¹ѩû뵽»ʻὫ˵ֱףȫΣңǾ仰Ī˵Եɺڣ
»ȻǾԼ˵˻鸴ƺҪ˵ʲôΣվûٶ˵ʲô
Ѿͷ޲ңⶼҪˣΪĺӣֻ˵ĵˡ»˵仰ʱйοζС
ҵĺӣε¹ѩãȻĿ»ʡ
Ҷˡ»ֱӾ͵˳ڣ¹֮ڣȴؾۡ
¹ѩԶȻһһӱýӲȫȻܿصȻˡʦǧĪҪΪ֮£ǡ
¹ѩʱάҶ죬ȫ˼»ҪŭһŭѹﻹΪҵŵѾǵԪˣң˪ºλϾľΪǳʦҲֻίȫƹ棬ȫˡ
¹ѩ˲ʱ޴ϲóϲءáѾԪˡ˪λϾϰǡϣ׻Ǻ˶డ
»Խ⻰ԽζǶڳ鴤
ȻҲ֪¹ѩ֮˵Ѿͷ⻰ﻰ˼˵ʵǻˣɢǶʮף
»ʵ۾ǿƵ˵һ䣺Ҳͬ⣬¶㣬ǻûϷвһ仰ӽԵԵҲ޷ݡ
룬վû˵
Գ磬ݻ٣ЩһһʱҪ޲̫ˣ
ֱ֮¹ѩļ⣬˳ʵʦǡԼиְ裬˼
ȻҶҵҪΪʦȻҪеĳŵ֮ڱǽҪ޵׼ˡ
»̾˿־Щƣ׼ʰĻ鷿ô˵ôìܣѩҲϾ¹ͽ˳óԸһ£ǡΪңβԸҲҪ£㱻żң˿Ц¹Ҳ档
ʦ¹ѩг˸м̲סҪ˵»ʻС
¹ѩܹõҶȻܿõĻƿɵβ֪¹ʦǬٶϣȻʦͬ⣬ԼҲͽݱѡ
ܹȡõǰŴ¹ͽӵݣ棬˪λϴֵ֧ԭ֮⣬Լʦ̬ȣͬǹؼڡ
ܳɣԼôд׻ʦ˿ڵԵʡ
¹ѩı飬»ͽ֪ԼһƬģпο֮ȴһᣬ̾˿¹ѩſ˫֣ѾͷֻҪףǱ˼ҵˣŮ˳޾ǶͶ̥ʦٱ㣬Ļպֻδػˡ
ʦ¹ѩſһһĳʮůޣˮһȫ޼ϵ䡣Ƭ̾ͽ»ʵ½ʪһƬ
»ʱͽܲӣҲ̲סЩˡ
⼸죬ļױˡ»ʺ΢ЦʵҲִ̫꣬Ӧ˳˳ĳޣʮķ룬Ȼδƣǲɣ
̾һһʱ鸴֮
ҲҪױˡ¹ѩ̾ϢױĲˣн죬ܵõʦ½ףѾ㣬㹻ˡ
»̾˿ĵ㲻ҪǱҪ
ױӹźʱǸŮżҵ棬ҪôС
ʦͽС˵֪Ȼ̸˴ҹ
ʦͽ˶оһɾΥܰڱ˴˼ȻصĸԹɢȻ޴桭
¹ѩڿνҸֻţټҶɡϸʲôӣֻ뵱˰ɡǵĶӣ֪⺢ҶЩҶɶЩ
»ϰȻȴһƬ췭ظ
ʱ»ʶ֪ԼôģԼŪԼ¡
Լ֪Լ£
˵˵Ƿ»ϣǡ
֪¹ѩԼĵߣģʧ䣬Ъ˹ʹڡľδģ¹ѩõҸȻһʧ䣬мʣдĳ嶯
·ػһӡԸıһߣθԸ
ôˣôôŹֵ뷨ҡ»ʲͣԼһʯһͷһȻ
ԭҾȻڶʼԼŮô»̾Ϣһʧһʱ䣬˼Ͳ֪Ʈʲôطȥ
һꡭ
һʢʱԼ䣬ǰϡһƬɫУʶһӡ
֮Ůһ׹
ڰ޷ӵ鲻ԽԽ֮¡
ֻǣǸȴҶе
ߣǸӸѾȢޣԼԼѾ֮Ϊ˱¹鷳ȻҪɱԼڣڼж֮󣬾ʹԶ硭
ΪڵļңļСΣĻ»ʻԾɻߺޣȴδز飬ǸˣĳֻΪԼ뿪»ʣڵǸң׼ҵ»ʣ
»ʿ͸˵Ŀߺ֮ӲŻеǧ׷٣նڽ£ȻһģһɽӴһֱ¹ѩ
֮»ʴͬŮعţҵԼʦʼĩ»֮ʦȴ֮ˣȻ˽»ʣȴ°˸ӣٹһ֮꣬ӽ»ʱΪӡ
»֮ʦΪһʶȥȴһֱΪ»ʱܣոǽܣ˹ײ
»Ϊ¶޾ˣ϶е˶ǺöһЩֻûŪС޳ܰ࣡
ÿÿ˼ԼЩ꣬ίʵЩŤˡ
öΣҪ¹ѩ˵ȴסˡ
֪ҵʵϵ֪Ҫɰɡ»̾Ϣ
֪¹ѩȻҶ˽飬ҾȻҲˡ»ʵ飬
Ҳû뵽ԼˣȻԼŮݣ
ƴֹʹ˴Ҷ죬ԼŮ
ԼŮ¹ѩİǼᶨԣҶ氮ŮȻ뷽跨Ԫ˾ŮԵһܸԵˣ֮ϧ
һֱ˽졭
ҶĳΪ˵ԪߣﵽԼҪֵԼöֳŵˣ
д۸ӵ仯һ仰˵ף
»Ϊпģȴʮ֮Ҷɣ¹ѩʣԼԧʼٸߡҲʵûʲôĵˡ
ûеõҸ
ڣҵŮȴõˡ
ұӦøˣԻϲġ
ɣΪʲôЩʡ
»ʴţԼ£ͬһ㣬һ
ʱȻš
¹ѩһ»ʻ˯ˡܰȫģ֣ܿǡǻصˡԼûмġֹֻġĻ

ȻϢʱûд»Ѿеʶ̬ԡ
»ĽУ˲˵Ĵ顣
һƽ٣١
˿ѩ޳ȥһõʱ»̾˿ţ˻뽭̯ӡӴ˰ҲǷҵһ׮£˺ڹô࣬ɷӦıʡ
ǽңڵƣ¹ܱܲסһδ֪նʱ򡭡ѩԼҸҪԼȥӪˡ
ԾһֱΪԼһ޸ĸĹ¶ɡ»§¹ѩֱ۲ԾĽһ֪࣬ĹϵߴңܹԹۣ
˼תֻƵ̾һ
ԼЩ꣬ëһ㣻ֻӦ˵һҧʮ¾˼ȥ˲̬ĵز
ȻҪԼŮԼ˳ǡ
Ż¹ѩ˯ӣ»Ȼһɷڵĳ嶯᲻ѽ

һƽҹȻȹˡ
ڶգ¹ѩʱ򣬷ԼѾɻ˴ϣʦѲ֪ʱȥˡ
һҹ¹ѩоԼһ֮У˯ģůȫһ
һʱ̲סЩ΢ЦűǣȴȻĸоָЩʪ̲סһ
һۣ¹ѩҪޡ
⡭⾹ʦˮ
ʦ¹ѩȦһ죬ĽĿ͵ͽһ
һʱ䣬ֻԵɬΡ
ףʦ˵ѩһҪúõģԺҪλ»ʣҪʦ¹⸱ӣҪʦʧ
һʼʦԼĿģѾȷǡҪ¹֮λ»֮λниԼ
ǡԼҶ֮鶯һ̣ɼһ飬޲ʦʧͷ
˵ʦϣڵ֪ԼҶ죬̥һ̡
׵׵ĹУ
µ࣬һȥ
ЩԼֻ뵽ԼҸʦһƻԧ죬ֻ뵽ԼܵĪίȴȫûʦôĸȴյõʲô
¹ѩ¡
ʦջԭңԼ
ʦ¹ѩͽԲס㡭ʦۣ¹ѩγϣ


497 ·
ڶա
»ٶٿ߲飬ʽȷˡ
һ¹ѩΪ¹ʥŮ֪ʷΥ¹أ˽ҶͨʮֻͣȻ¹¹νӼٲ¹˵ӡ¹಻ʩԴ֮¹ѩ¹޹ǰ£һϣ
һ£ǿνǼΪնȫȻء
˪ºԴֱӱףͲˣ˼Ȱ֮£Ҫ»ʺô˵治ǽøϱ𣿣
¹ѩǳ¹Ϊ¹ʥŮȻӳ޼ٲΪ¹ӣ¹ϣȣ¹ѩ֮գ¹Ծ¹ѩҡ
ޣչһ˿ױ¹飬Ŀţ޹ӣţ꣬һöƷһöصĵرѡ֣Ů׼ߣ
ڶݣͬ˴۾
ȽڵһڶĶ̶ȣͬĳϣԯޡõ
Ӵ֮¹ѩֻΪҶϱٷ¹ˣ֮䣬ûκι¹ѩ¹壬ҡһ֣ϳͲ
涨׹Ψһ˵ģҲֻһɱ÷
¹ѩԼƽУӴҪʧԼ
ӦʧԼ
񣬸ԼҲûκιϵ
ȻҲҪĻǷѾĻȥˡ
ɵŮˣΪνȻֿɵã¹»ʵλĲ
ģȢ֮£ʼϲ£ԣϣ¹˶ҪһЩΪ¹ѩ¹޵ף
¹ǰδĵһͼ޲ٰ죬ȴҲ¹һͼ޲ٰ죡ΨһһΣ
»˵仰ʱЦݣһڳϾо»ü֮䣬صǡ
»ʵǣλϲ⣬ʵͬģִûаϢأۼٽʱ򣬻ЩСʲô
¹ѩȥѾǾȥɡ
ʱ˭ܹܵô࡭
ԣЩԭĴ淴Եģ˼ҲٷԣѡĬϡ
ȫ˼ڿǣ񽭺׷ʲô飿
ⳡδ֪Ľѣֵжôأ
֮»һֱ߬ýģչһֽ˵ȣȫ£
Щֽг¶صһ
գ֮䣬֮Ա˱һգܹڴеģȫ¹߲㡣
»Ը߸վ棬һ¹߲㣬ĿԳأǣɽѹ˲ʱͷ
˶ʶס˺»ʸ֪ǰ״
»ʵɫɨһȦ֮󣬵ǶߴŷϢ
ԶȻһ಻Լֱͬ˶䡣
ţɳ֣ǰϢҲ˻ط
»ʶȿڵĵһ仰ֱӽգԨ
ƺһĪɱȻ˲ʱ˵ܡ
˾оⱬ䣬Ϣ
淴֮ǰǰ̨Աûлû˷أ֮ΪֹʧʱѴʮ죡
»ĿתһȦִһ˵ȣҲǡڶʮǰʧȥϢģʧʱ֪ͬɺϣǡ
ѻȸ
Ϣʮǰ̨鿴춯䲻Ϣأ˹ʧʮ죡
Ϣڻ졭
»ʽɵϢһһ飬ߴţи̨֣ȻûκһнӵԱݻϢ
ա
»ڱ̨ǰ˼䣬شҶˣ׷ʲô飬ֵ̬׶ôءŴҶѾ
Ѿƽ£عһͳʱ𣿡»Դ˵һ䣬ԳһЦͻȻɫҲʲô仯¹Զֻ¹
һϺȣէ٣
˾Ȼ
һƽ٣¹վ޷ܣôֻͶ룬ԣ
»ʷĿ֮УǰδɭϹâ
¹עʯ١Ľ֣Ծɲϣκˣȥίȫ
ڽܹһ߾֮ϣôǽһͳҲһһ㱾ݶôҲҪʲôߵ飡
Ըʯ٣
¹
¹ڣ£ķȻ棬µľҲҹ£Żӳ
¹⣬
ǣ¹Ժƽٵ̬ȣ
»ʵĻڳ¹֣ÿһ˶Ѫڡ־
һӦ¶ˣض˵ڿʼԼƽ٣ֻһ仰
»ɭĿÿһӹһһֵ˵ǾǣȫӦԣ
ȫӦԣ
˺Ȼһŵ
Ȼ¹¾Ů֮һ̣ƣ׳䡢üĺȴκˡκΪ֮ݣ
Ȼˣôڲٰ¹ѩͼ޵飬ǲǸûһֻ߽ģСѩ֪¹״һġ仰Ƕüͷ˵
ҲȻѡ
ȽҪͷҪ¹ѩͼ֮£ٰôƺƴ󣬻Щĩã
ֻ߸ìأ
»̾˿
˵ĻΪԻܣڳκ˲й¶˴ΣǱܹɹȹƽ٣ô£͵һ٣ǲܡ˵й¶һ䣬Ĺ
һݡ
һƽ٣֮ǰûаϢй˴ͻȻڶʱ²ţ䱳Ȼбѵء߸Ǭ֮ܡԼ¹ʵԾɲұֹ̫̬ȣԡ
»ʵ˵ȹؼʱ򣬼ֲٰ¹ѩٴ죬ȣǽ£¹ǿʵڸַ¹֮ˣҪΪ¹ɵ׼Σ£¹ѩ¹ӡ
¹ѩܹȻȹ˽ѣ¹ѩ㵱治Ϊ¹ӣ¹Ϊ޵ӰױٰҲӦ֮¡
иһ»ͳһ¹ղȫûôȥ¹ѩͽ¹ΨһҲӡ
¹ѩΪʥŮ֮ѧ˹ǳ֮⣬ȴ˵Ѿ¹ݼǵ겻Ҷɾһμѻһ򡪡Ŀܣʱƣʱջ߷Ҫ֮Уȥ
¹ǷĴԹԾɹڻͻյĴУԾɻǡ»һ¹ĴУ
һεһ
гԾȻ벻»ʾȻѾ˼ǵôԶ
ʤΣҪԤ˺֡
һŵĴУҪŵ˥ſ˷ϣȴɶϾһжϾˣž͵ͬޱ֮ľ֮ڲԶӣ
¹ºֵģֻһ»ʳϣ¡ͽֹ
˷׷׵ͷɫء
شд£˭ǽ֮й¶ˣɾ¹ǧˣ
ϴˢӡ
Ӽ¹еӣ̫ϳڡʱҪȿһ¡Լ˭ƽ￴˳۵ģҪһд衢ѵ˴֮Ĭ
κ˽˶Թʱ򣬶Ҫʱ£һӦԽ֮Ϊǰᣡ»˭ǻʱƽ¡׿ԼʱԾ
Уѻȸ
λȽһϢɣ
»Ŀɨһۣתȥ
Ǽռʱ¹ѩҶңˣ뼯ϯ
ڣŹ۹صģͲˡ
»һ仰ڿлصѾʧӰ
ɫãʼûȥ

˪º»ʵסʱ»վڴǰңԶɽѩĿࡣ
¹ѩҶңͼ޵һ·ϣֻ·糾Ѱϣλʽ֮;ͣȷз粨ˡ»ͷҲء
˪ͷ岻ݴǣֻǡ
ֻʲô»ʵʵ̶һʾ䣬Уȴƺ̺һĻɽ
˪Σ˵˹Ȼе⡭ȴΨΪˡ֮˵¹ѩ֪е̣Ϊͽ޳¹⣬ƺǷʰɡ
»һת۾Ķ˪
ĿУȻӨȻ沪
˪һ»ʣѵ˵ﲻ𣿡
»ҲͲסһѾס˪½һֵ˵˪ϣ֪ʵĳΪãҲ֪ҶҶм⡭ֻ֪ô
˶٣ѹţüȴһ˵¹ѩҵŮ
һ̥ʮŮ˪ϣάأôẦ
»ʴ˿̵ȫȻƽյӺϣһͷ˵ĸޣΪԼĺӣڽź
˪ºԵʱһ𣬴ľ
¹ѩ»ʵŮ
⡭
ô
ֻ˵òҲ̫˼𣿣
λ֮ɣⱾ֮УҲ˵ֻ˵һ䣬ǰƣܹȫѩѷʽλǷͬأ
»ҵЦһߴŴȥ̨ۺͬСɡǱ¹ǰӵеʵֻҲҪй֮޲ɡô೬֣ͬһʱϢʧ٣״
һԤʾʲôȻң
ɱ£ǲǽõģ»ʺ˵˵αȫԼȫУüıԼϸһҲҪﵽĿ¡
Ƕ϶ϲҵģ»ʴһ
˪ºͷ
ίԹ˭ָ˵һԼί»ʷŭ˵һ˳ˣίܲˡ¹жϾеزۣӦ˺ȣ
¹ѩҵŮͱҪˣ
¹ʥŮͱ뵣Σ
ǹȥڣֻǡ
ã
Ƕ𣿡
𣿡
»ʾͬǷһ㣬ѹȴֽԼô꼷ѹĿίһԶ鷢й
ֵ͵͵࣬ƺÿһ仰ÿһ֣Ǵ֮УǿƱѳģ
ԼҲ֪ΪʲôԼȻʧ̬ˣǽԼԽǰ
˿̾Ҫй
ٲйûˡ

ڶ졣
Ӧ¹ѩҶһ֮Уǰ֮Уֵǵӣ
¹ڶ˵سŵ¹ѩ޸ҶΪޡ
ȫΪֿ֮ף
Ҳͬһʱ¹ѩʦţӴԺ¹ѩ¹޹磬¹ҲԲϱ˴˵ͬʦУ
Ҳ˵¹֮¹ѩ㰮զզء
δ㸻¡Ȩ򡢹߸ֻǶ¡ȫ¹޹
⣬ҫ¹ֻԹۡ
ǣңˣ¹ֻԹۡ
˻ˣ׵׵ĳΪ·ˡİˡ
¹ѩϢ㵱
ʦůԼڻܸܵõĬĬζ顭
أһҹ֮췭ظ˴˹ϵ֮ǰ룬ֻ߸˵޹ϵ


498 ճ˫
¹ѩٰ㰧Ȼ»һģް֮ͨ⡣
ȻѡŶ࣬͸뵽֮£һ˶ռеã֮ȻõˣҪ»˴¹ѩģôһĻ
Ӵ֮¹Ծ¹¹ѩȴ¹֮ѩǹ¶֪ʲô֣ҲҪջأ
ʱգճޣѾǶߵĶͣ
仰¹ѩ˲ʱң
ټҶʱ¹ѩȻһָоǹ쳾ǧ磬ֻˣԼƶ󣬽ΣԼʲôӣԼ࡭ʼջᶨԼߡ
κη꣬ߡ
κμѣԼԣ벻
ֻ
ֻ
Ը⣡
лʦ
л¹ͣ
¹ѩͷȥ
ȴ֪Ļ֮󣬿ȻȻתص»ֻֽ߬һָףѾ˼֮Сݣǽҧס촽һʺ죬Ȼй
ʶӽ쿪ʼһ̿ʼ
ԼŮԼĵӣҲԼ
ǡߵǸˡ
ԼҲ޹أ
ԼҲܣҹ˾ʱǰûиǺ˱ӡǲ˯úãǲجΡ
ԴĵףһֵʹоУš
ǡʹ顣
ϼŵƽʣ¹ԽһȾعױĿѩףڽգȴȫһƬʺ죡
ҵС
¹ѩҸ󣬻䣬ı䣻ȻԼ˿ʼոµءͷϣһ̵ʧ¶ȴҲͬûֵܹһ˿ģ
ʧһ̤˺̺·ϣƾܵһǰߡ
߱Ҷ죬¹ѩȫܹоҶԴĵ׵ϲ裬ԼһϦóԸظһµϲá
ȫͬϲãصԼȴеĸ˳嵭һ롣
ӵһͷ˿Ѵͷϡ
Լ۾ܿģֻ¹ʺĵ̺ޣǡһصѪ
Ѫ
ǳϲֵķΧƽؾŵ죬¹ѩȴȻظоԼ·ŵŨ쳣Ѫ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
ԼΪʲôôŹ֣ô׵ĸӦ
ڵԼͷ·һͨڤ;ĵ·ϣȫˣЩˣΪԼף
˸еȲʣϢĸо״Ӻζ
¹ѩ԰˼⡢ɹ֮ʣȴղŻըʵͻȻͣס
һйڼȻ
漴һٶȴǡ
ʱѵ
Ǵϵݣڴ˿ִǳȻǲѡ
¹ѩš
ˣأ
Ŵϵһ仰һƬ˲ʱ
¹ѩذأ𣺡ݸã
ȫٶһƬ֮С
ʦԳףϲĽҶ֪ѩһֱѧ˵¹ΪɫĵӡֻǴҲ֪ѩһ¶ҴӷѩУ˻
û֪ѩĸĸ˭ϲȴһССź
˵»ʵЩȻͣһ£Ž˵ȥϲӣҪԹΪѩҵʦҲһָˣʦͽĸŮڽ죬ݲ¹Ҳ¹ѩҵʦǡ¹ѩף
һݣԼŮޣȥȥҸ鴦
ϣ¹ˣΪҵŮһݳֿףףһƽϲ֡˳ͣһҲҪκβšЩܵţѾ̫̫࣡
Ӵ֮һ˳һƽѣҸ
»ʵƽӺݳ죬ԵúܼüΣö޷˵ȥˡ
ˣ¹ѩ̲ס
ȫԼʦԼףԼİԼĲᣬԼġǻ飡
Щһʱɵãֻǻ飬ȳֿĵף
޶ӯӯ°ݡ
Ժӣ»º͵ٶ
¹ѩһĸо»ʵг˰벻ᣬһ̣һ˫ů֣Լ
Ҫĸ׽¹̫һ£ǲʲôҪպõ£еÿһ춼ãҸкΪʥŮӵѹٲ桭
ڡݡ¹ѩĸ׵Ľɫ»ȻҪáĸסĿ˵˵˵ţȴ鲻ԽؿʼɫһΣҲΨһһΣǰĸ׵ݸŮȰο
ӴԺҶˡҪˣСƢһжԺΪ󣻽󣬲ҪܾԼ¹ʥŮͽ͸һȡ¶Ҫ
ӣǶϣ㡭ǡܹúõءҸͬġ˵»ʽƲסԼҪæѹƣǿֹ
ʦ¹ѩ
ˡ»ʹĹһЦϷ죬ѩɲӦýʦ㡭Ӧýҡ
¹ѩһ̶֮࣬ٶȹڵأϥǰһѱס»ʵ˫ȣޣ
»ӶȻһûѣιȥһЦ˵ɵӡΪӣʮǰ͸óˣСƢҲĸ׵ˡ
ȴɬüѣ
죬һ
죬ҵŮڴ֮ͥ£һס
죬Ůʽϵĸ֮λŮŮݣ
죬Ůޡ
㹻ˣ
ģ㹻ˣ
֪ˣ
޶԰ݣΪ˾ǵĴϲ֪ϲ˵Ĵ»ʵ룡
ɣ

Ҷ졢¹ѩʮĻʽڽ
Իʼ븺״̬¹ѩɢͷĵİο
»˵𣬶ʮڣ¹ѩ̤¹һ
Աߵ˪̲סһ䡣»ʣǶʮ֮أ
»˵ʮ֮󣬱㲻ٵ¹»ʣ¹ѩҲٲ»֮ͽ»ʼ̳ˣҪĸףʦӦ֮£衣˽˸飬¹档
仰¹ѩĳ׶
ʦĿġʦ¹֮»ʣԼ²ˣʥŮݣ͸ñ˸ӵع棬ԼȴҶʦǿֹȻ飬ȴҲ»ְ¡
ʱգʦԾ»ʣ¹ܹ֮ΪԼǰزѾǼ֮ܿɹԼĽ֮ʱʱʱԹʦĲ飬ʵȴԼվʦԭԼĲТ
ʦҵʦ
ҵף
Ҫ˵ʮ꣬Ƕ꣬ǧֻ꣬ҪһܶҾͻ
һģ
¹ѩ¹ǰʥŮ򴥷汻ʮ꣬Ҷɵ»ﵽӭȢ¹ѩ׼׼˳ɻ飻¹ѩ¹
Ӵ֮¹ѩ¹޹ϵ޹ϸ
شˣѸ¡
֮ͬ

Ϣڼ̵ʱﴫ
ⲻ֪˵ϲ죬ֻ˵ǹĶһϢĽ˾۷׷ס
Ϣƺͻˣʮꡭ
»ʵŵ

˼˳ͬģɢʮ¡ɢ͸¹²Ź֣ڣ˼ҵķ¹֮ŵԷؾۣǻˣԵžҪҲס˵ʲô¹Ҫӡ
ǡ¹ѩʵ㲻¹һѻˣҲڿ֮ĵһʱ뿪ǸȫȻûζĵطﻹҪĽ˺òã
¹ٰΣ¹߲һţԧ죬ʮµ룬Ϊģʽزٰһλ񣬾ֲǷʮķ𣿡
¹ѩҶҴӽԺĳңòȻ¹ˡ˵ʲôԼŪԼȥɣ

ϣһЩ۷׷ף˵˵ǣȰŻ˹
ЩڹҲȷʵԵļѾ򣬶⼸˵ͬȷʵǺе
Ǹ˵ӵ˼һǾǡ
¹ѩ¹ȻĳԹ
˴ì޻תֹЪ֮գ

¹
һ·Ҫλ϶Сģֵ֮²ɴ⡣»˪º֣һУˡ
ģǽȻСĽġ˪ˬĵͷ
ﵽͷʱǵøǣ˷صҶҼʱ֮ھͲҪٳˣĹԼСӱʲôǿ»ʵЦţۿԾмֺףԺ󣬻ټĻᣬһʱԸ
õġ
ԶĽ£ĪҪᡢĪҪǿͷʲôκˣھǣûаϵ
õġ
ǰ¹ңҪԧ졢ɢʮµޱ߹˼ɣһӶӦ÷ŭߺޣáġԽԽãԽԽãзйء
»ʵЩֻλ˵Ͼ¹ֻλҶҲ⣬ţλܹЩһҪעϸڣͨǵķʽǣǡ
ס
һҪһҪǣΡһǰᣬҪõĻȥúõػȥҸĻȥ
»ʳ߰ɡ
Լкöö໰Ҫ˵
ȴѾô̸޷˵
ˣ»һ仰ºӦ̧֮ͷʵ»ʣ¹ôˣΪôǽöˣ֪ղŵԴʣǽöе𺧣
ղᵽЩ顭˵ǣҲǲӦ֪
Ȼ»ʸղǷ˵ʣʵֱ̫ˣ񾭴˪ãҲ׵ˣ׵⽹ۣ
»ʵʱĬ
ãûп˵
˪ºΪ»ʲش⣬׼ת·ʱ»Ƶ̾һΪ¹ֻˣǶ⣬һҪάǣȻҲ֪ǵȴ㹻ǡ
Ծϵ̬ȣǶŵĻô֮£Ҳûκ˿ˣ
»У̫Ŀ

¹ѩҶĻʽҿǳ
ǽͼ޵Ķ飬ȴݲҵϹֻˡ
˪º
ûԸǰǳ¹ָ߲ɡ
߾Ҷ죬¹ѩ¹ѩŮ֮⣬ʲôûˡ
˪֮ǰǧױױǲӰһӦױȫ˪Ŀռָ
ûпռߣļױ治֪ôȥˣ
¹ѩļױ¹ͳǰ˷챦»˽һ޹֮⣬¹߲һݵĺ˪зŻ⡰ױ˭Ļǲǽӣһ޹ӣֱټ˵治˼һëΣ׷ͳױЩۣҶ¹ѩλس̣˵ҲΪ
ֻ뿪¹ʱ¹ѩιȥҶ֣һͷ¹Žա
ʼգûд򿪣ûκС
һֱߵɽ£Ҳûκ¹ĵӳ֡
¹ѩܹ֮ʱټʦһԸվ
һݾ̬ȣ֪˪ºǸоĵֱðԼ»ʡðй¶ܵķգҲ˾
¹ѩɫҰֽʬһҶǰߡ
ɻӯ飬һɢҡ
ڹչһɽŵʱ˪̲ס˵¹ؽԵǾôˣˡ
һƬİ֣˵۳һߣеķʸ֡
¹ѩȴǻȻһ𣬵۾һ˲˲Ƭ֣ȼһϣ
Уһ̾Ϣ
˪治һܹܵˣ֮изˣ
¹ѩԵʱͨ򵹵ϣɲǼ
⣬ʦ
ԭʦһֱβԼ
ԭʦûԼ꣬ʦԾʦ
һӰȻ֣ңң¹ѩĿⰪȻ޾
Ȼ¹ѩҪȥʱ»ȴҡͷһȴԽ¹ѩ»ʾʹ˷ָ
նԺʦ¾Եɡע⣬һҪ¹ľ룬㲻¹ĵӣ¹κιмǣмǡ
»Ŀ¹ѩһۣ֪һҸĪҪʧ
ӶȻһ»էֵӰٶʧ
ֻһΣȴʧ
¹ѩҲͲסޡ
˪̾˿β֪һΣ»Ļȥˡ
·ɡ
ȥһ·ϣ¹ѩԾɲʱͷܹټǵͰȻӰ
ȴһһεʧ飬ȴѾûǰľʧ䡭
Уһֱ»˵Ǽ仰
֪һҸĪҪʧ
ĪҪʧ


¹ѩһֱߵǧ֮⣬ĵԾĥ⼸仰ĸ⡭
ʦ
ƺЩǰһ


499 ƽٽ
ΪҶЦĹϵº˪Ҷ̬ȣʼ׽һмֹֻǷǫصúϾ͵ǰֶԣŮҶʵʵĳǲһ̽ѯǫѷˣҶ򸾵Ļ֣֮̿Ĺϵ˪ºÿ⾭Ӫ֮£ͺõһһ㣬ദʱľнȻڴˣ¹ѩòתĨǵѯʣ˪ºʼջĪһֲᡣ
ֻ˵һ䣺ʦẦ㡣
ʦ˵ǡ
㣬ҪҸʦΡ
ҸˣʦҲҸ
¹ԨԴʱԸһˣҪٶˣ
úҶϱǰص㣡

䣬εĸ飿޷˵ڵأʹ⣿Щ˭ܹ˵壬
ֻ¾˱ԼδȫȻˣšĵ˲

ֻ֮һ·¹ѩڿʦͣ¹ѩɢͷľ󲿷οаҶߣ¹ѩܿ͸оɽˮ㣬ޡ
ֻо֮䴺絴ģһ·˼··ߵССҲǳܰ
أ
ЦЦôû
һ·¹ѩʵƵӲ䷳һ仰
ĸ˹¹ѩԺܿŮͽܡޱĸʮĶ˼޾
ӳʲôӣЩҶЩ˧˧ߣֵ㻹ݵ㣿
һ⣬ʵҶ춼ЩǱ
ԼĶӣҶСһ赽ֵֵҶԼӵĿ佱Ȼϲȫ
Ҷ첻סĿ佱¹ѩ۾ֵгһˣһʱ䣬޲ͼԼӡ
Ӹ߸ߵģֲݣݣ⣬Գٷ磬ΣѹӣꡣҶͬ۾ſ
¹ѩסͷ۷⣺أ
һſҲ㣬񣬽üĿ̡ͦӾ͸ҹҫһ㣬˸Ц˵һЦѣɰҶ˵ÿĭĽ
գ¹ѩҲСǡ
ҶģǿӲͷȻģСһģӺҵ۾
˪ãûͦ񫣬ϾԼ磬ȻҶеСţǱȽϷʵأԽòƾͱȽϲԾˣȻȷʵһ˲ţݵĺͲǴأ
ǡʲôӦòãӣʲôҹҫ˸أòܽܵǣҴôһЦˣǻӺҶϰȷݵҴ
˪֪Ҷ˵ģҶЦСʱţ־߰ʱʱҶЦɲһЦѣɰ
ءдǾûˡ
㻹ңǵĶӿ϶˧һˣ¹ѩ㽣̾˿μ֮ҶҪúõز޶ʮûĸס
˵˵ţЩˡ
Ҷ켱æȰ裬ܹɹذǴϲ£һϣľѹ˵ǿ£ôֿˣŮˮģ
˪ºͬԱߣһ·ϾͿˣһ㣻һʱЦһʱһȦˣһæȥο
ôܶʼѭ
ʮδ˪º̾Ϣѡ
뵽ʮµĵϦϡԲȱ˾о龹Ǹĳأһ·ϣһС·ԶЩ㹻˽˿ռ䡭
һ·ߵùȻҲ϶㲻Ͽ졣
ȥôƽУ;羰ͬжһ㡣
һ߳ǧ
֮С
ǳ׵ˣҳһţ
ԭ򵥴ֱгиŰɣ֮ǰ̨һ˵ȡȻ⣬ȫƾһ㣬ʧӰ١
ҲС
һϣһʮˣʵǿŶӣͬ䲻
ʧȥĿǰҲһƬȺʧףķ֮С
ʧʿͬǷ֮綫ڶ¸һʧ٣¹ִȡƮƹλϣ칬Ĵ󻤷ִϣ³ϡ죬ڵڻ죻ǳŵȻ
Щƽѵһĳȫʧ٣
⣬иɵưӣסҪͬһˡ
ˣȫͬţ뺣һ㣬ʧӰʧȥϢ
˲ˣʬ

½֮࣬ĳǰδеļϢ֮ϣ鲼Ѷõķݣ֯һƬ
˶ļ١
˵׵ȥˣΪʲôҲһϢûУ
ʲô״˵ĹĪأ
򣬿¼ӭ쳣ǰĺƽ١
ѾеĹʶ
ʧٵĶʲôˣŵţ翡ټ೤ϣݣѾǿʵǿݣʲôʵԽһãô򣬸ûʲôţԶԿ
жʵȻǿÿ£µĻڶԷĪ⣡
ǰνѾǳȫǰϢܣɼʱӴϢ£ԾûаõϢԷԼϢı̶ȿɼһߣ˵ǿɾɲһ
֪ԷʵǿᣬԼδ֪ǿޣ׹Ŷ֧ʵĿ־ֻţ
ˣǰն˹ʶؽ״뵽ӣķȥͬģͬΪ֡
Ҷĵĵȴȴźƽʽٵ״
֪ʲôʱ򣬾ƽһףǰȷѪ֮С
˶ֻܱصȴ

¹ѩ˴ʱ߳һɽ
˵أ¹ǧ˰
ǰһشڰ֮ɭһƬɭ֣ԭǧӰգ˵޲԰вʵǿޣһ߸ҽ룬Ǹʱ֮Ϊ󱸵ӵ֮ء
Ȼǰһۣ׷ɱЦһΧˣɲǴƬֳɱȥʸΧɱЦ֣һΪͬСɣ˴˶Ժƴɱ֮࣬ڰ֮ɭ˳֣֮ԭǧĴֱٵһ룻ȺɽҲ˺ü･òôɭ
ɭȻܣطΪõԡѾԭɭëȻˡ
ڰ֮ɭ죬ͽӽˡ¹ѩ˿ԵúܣһμӵĹƼ
˷ȥǵоͲٳˡҶ¹ѩϸһֳ㽵Ŀ˵Ƿֱʮ꣬Ҳù찲ˡ
¹ѩĿͷš
һ߽ڰ֮ɭ
˪ºͬʱͣסǰĽŲ
ǰεصĴ֣Ȼһ㾯ףһ֣ʮֲģʮֲȫĸо
ֻоһƬڵĴ֣ƺǡɱǵһ㡣
һȥͽΣһ
ĸоں˪öԣѾܾԶİˣǵʵۣܹ֮оΧѹڣν֮٣
ʱ;˺ڰ֮ɭΣȻϲĿĻȴŨصĲо
գƺǺܲԾ˪ֹºһ
ֻ̫˰ɡºзƱãӿôʧ٣Ȼǳ˴¡ҲνľԱڰ֮ɭĿɭ֮أЩΪ֡
һ˵Ƭɭ֮Уʲôɱҵʵܳʲô״ұߣնǰУν̫հǰ˺󡣡ºţֻҪԪ䷨Ǹǿֺξ֮У
Ϊ죬֮ʱشʹΪгɣɾΪǿߣô꣬ʵҲǻΪ
ȻǰҶҼʱ򣬴ҶЦóô൤񵤣׵ؽԼ˵һ飬ԱѧԼñ˴д衢ӡ֤˵ڵˣΪϻ߻ľϣκʱҪǿ
˵ſǰҪ˵ֻǰǰû·ŮҲȥרȥһ·ߣ
Ů¼ˣĿһУĿӣŮԼĿ
ڽѰӿɽ˻ץס̽һµʲô
ãҲ֪ܶһЩߡ
ܱһͷˮҪǿ
һ£ԭƻģԾɴڰ֮ɭᴩȥ
Ҫδ֪Σܹյʲô̶ȣΣֵز
¹ѩҶ죬ҲѾеԪ׵ΪҲԱ֮ġߣڰ֮ɭУ˪֮Ծ޷ȫչ˲Ҷ¹ѩĻôƵУսҲá
ǰɭУΣ˪Ҷ¹ѩ˵
ΣҶ¹ѩΪԶѷ˪֮ǰһֱС֮УԴ˿űʽ٣㵵ʵ
ǵġºüպܲԡ
Ī룬νðգǰ·Ҳһѡ񡭡Ҷ룺ֻҪźڰ֮ɭıԵһȦһֱصıԵƻȻ·;һԹա
Ҷ˱ң֪νԶǺ½ɱȣ˪໤˸Ϊȫ׵н
Ҫ߽·̣¹ѩڿνƼ޲һ̾ͼӣӱڻһҲȣٻҪٶһ£ң·;ǳߣбҪô
ҶȻ֪ӵ飬Ϊ˰ȫǣƬ֮󣬻Ǽ·ߡ
죬Ǳ߲ͬߵʵѳ෶룬ܹô·Ծɿڱĵطǽ·Խس̵ҲԷгԣʱ䲼ɱ֣·ʵδס¹ѩҲ¹ʥŮʶ㲩
ȻǾҪԸǣôŲһ·վⲻһս
¹ѩȻǰ֪·ôǿһЩ԰취ֱӻƣȵ·ҪЧĶࡣ
ǽҲôģƵУлƶԷʵԼݱ˪º˴˶һۣ󷢣սֲɱ⣬ԾͲǰжֱӺᴩȥǰ·Ȼ᫣һ޻أ
֪ɽлƫɽУ
ѩλϵĿ޵֮ǰں½սοǰȷʵʧƫģսָ䲻ڣȻҪֱӴȥδ൱ļɿ˼ҶҪ˼һЩսԲߡ֤ʤߡ
Ҷ˧ղԼ˵˺ս֮Ӧ򣬺αһЩνս¹ѩЦȻ֪㵱Ԫ˧ңű󣻵ǣѩѩҲֻˡű󡢾Ų𵽶أ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֮һģҲٵĵ䷽ôûãʱһ٣δزһơ
ҶһУҶ򸾡˪֮⣬¹ѩŮһѩһѩ
ѩѩֻԪƷΪѩȻԸߣȴԲԪƷ۷壻ˣ˵ҵŮһֱͬá
¹ѩƽ⣬֪ҶҪ˽⼺ʵŷŲԵвԣ˳ܣ˪λϣ۷ǿߣǵǿߣͲٽ˰ɣ
Ҷͷ˵ߵսȻС֮ô졣
ţ˼Ȼѡɱ֣ôȻʱ֪ԷʲôˡʲôԷ֪˪λڴˣôԷĸֶȻ٣ۺʵѹ˪λϣܷԶ˪λ㹻вĳǿߣò
˾Ц֮ǰᵽ֯ˡҶüͷע޿ɱ⣬ѩԣһβܴһ·ߣ涼һطա
ݵǰ״ԤжԷľƷ֣Ҫʮλϡݣܶ˪λϵ֮Զƣ൱в
ԶԷ˴ζͷҲóʮϡ
ңĴֻľ֮УʮҪչΧȻҪĳ͡ҪվԵλãΨϵ൱ĬܷãҲΨܶԿв˪λϡ
һһףԷǰ׼ȫ棬ԭ˴֮ĬֻҪ©ͽǸƵĻᣬ˪ǿߣһ˲
νֻǺï̶ܳȲͬʵףﻹһģֻľݴԣӰɡ
ҶһĵطʾҶ£ǰ״һʾñ˵ǰõĻôһ


500 ơ֡Ϯ
ҶڵϻһȦǺڰ֮ɭ򡣡
Ȼ͵ϮôĿģƵأ
ǰĿĵʹ¡伫չսսԡҶָԲȦУ˼˵ߣʾǴ۸ӵľ
һ̫ïľĵطܵĲҪΪЩطǵзΪעĵĵطױ¶Լλá
ղᵽԸ˪λĸ֣һ˲⣬ԼʱԡҾѡһЩľǺïܵλãľǺܴ׳λã֡ΪΣïܵλãҪ֡
ЩɹѡľɭȴïܣؾͲܶ࣬ôԴӰ˸ʮ˴ţγɵһơһ˳֮ʱλδܹɶв⼸ΪȽϵ͵ģȴԹвһڱȻἴʱ󳷡зɱеĻᣬҲΪҪ鿴Ƶضʱȴɳյڶλÿʼ
Ҷָ·˽£λõĵ£֣Ҳֻ̫࣬ҪҲʮӡͻȻնɳʯΪڻȻʩԴ㶾̶ԾɲնҷҲæҡ
ڶĹƵ˸һ䣬Ϊܹҷģǵڶ֮Ľɱ֮ŵطеս֣ԱʵΪչơǵŵʱȻϮǳϮԾδʵʧæңֻ⣬Էֵʮλ֣Ѿ㹻γвƱҪȫӦ˿𡭡
ԷʮϣսչƱؽΪˣ˻Ĵ򷨣ҪһӦӲϾĸо
Ϲʮƴ֮γɵĹƣǿ˪λϣҲδؿмܵúɰɣ
ǣʱɱʵγɡ
ֻҪλϳκһ⡭ôţطһֱŵİԳչѻ
һǶԷɱ֮Сڲɱսŵʱ򣬺նչ˵ķʽһɱ֮˵ʵսֻ²˪λκһ֮£˲ս
ֻҪҪڵ˳֮ǰԶһ֣ûжĵƣ
һĵƣҪȷսѾ棡
һҪסԷѾ¶ĵзԾԣȫ
쳣ɹս
ҶȻ˴Ļǣɱ֣ôҸղŷжĲʽǻۣӦþ߱򣬶ԷҲڽôķ˶˲
Է˴γҲĲ֡ң˪λǱȻںϻĬսϡ
Ҷһᣬսˣһ䣬ȻУصпܳԱΣҩܵĹģʽҾͲǺˣϾΪޣϵ۷սʽǺ˽⣬ܹв۷ֵİͶҩȫĲ˽⡣
ԣڿֵܻĶҩʲôġҪλԼһ£ΨһҪעһǣǧҪ͹ԷҪܵĸ߹ԽԽãʲôвǵİȫҪӽȥʲôʱһҪ֮£ԽҪԽã
Ҷصļˡ񶾡ֵĿ
Ȼ˪ºʶ˿ñֱð
ʱ򣬶ҶֵĹ۵㣬Ҳ׵ĸĹˡ
治ں½ͳʦһ޵ͳ˧
ǳ̴ܵΪͶһɵƻ
ֻС͵ķսİϣѾԤиɻֻǸղŵһãѾ˪оһصΣգ˵ǾһΪҪȫ˵ʮѶֹ۵˵ˡ
οлҪԼӽȥһЩԼµĶ
ˣγһ޽ɱ֡
ⷽ棬ǵ治£һʧ˪ǴеƼȴ֮ڵжأ޽ɣ򶾲֣
˵ŮȴǴмԼĴ磬ҶЦ
ԭŮıΪۣѰȻȫģЩľȴ˵Ŀǣ¹ĹڶԿ棬Чƽƽǣ˴ĵƼȴ֮ⷽĹȴ˲ʱȻ޴棡
Ƽȴ˵˵꣬˪ԷһζǵԪƷ۷֮Ҳİɱҩ˪´˶ָ֮ŷȴվһ¶ҲûСȻ˪Ϊ£ºݺݵؽѵһ١
˪˾ٷԼСЦǽ㣬Ҳ֮±ºòᡣ
һŮԶֵģȫ޼ɵҶ첻۾һ
ˣ˼ƲˣöعƾͰˣǲöҩ̶ĻǴԽƾͼƣԵγ൱ЧķɱҶ
ղԤԵ˵Ŀܲãֵ£ӦԵзɱչҶҵ˼ǿԡˡ
˵ԴϤһ𣬾۾ҶķԸ
ҶķԣĿⷢоĵԼҪȫͨҲδǶѵ顭
ƻûб仯ÿ죬ǰ˼ȫƴʵʩʱ򣬿¡ԾġҶڰ̾Ϣ
ڽһսУԼ޶Լ¹ѩŮʵ̫΢Ŀԡǳ
ǰĺڰ֮ɭвδ֪ɱ֮УҶе쳣ĲģԼոѩط꣬˵ʲôҲ
ֻǡһҪԼģһˣ
ǵĿԼ¹˪λϣ
ϵʱķ紵ݶҶоԷеĿ꣬¹˪Ŀԣ
ǵΪ̫Ҷ쳤һɫ˪º˵λϣҶĳһ֮룡
˪º͵صҶ˵
Ҷ˵ƵΣҲȫʱҶĳλ뿪ҪҺ׾İΣֱԶͼƣ
ǲܣܡ
˪ҵҡͷΣǵİȫǵһҪǷκһ޷ȫ뿪˵أôΨһѡ񣬾ս
¹ѩҲλϣѡ˼пܾǵһŲ壬޷ֻս
λ˼ɣڴսףսֻȫûܻȴ
мƣȻٲҲ޿Ƕ˪ն˵
һߵºȻƬ£Ҫ˵ҲҪصĴۣ
º仰˽üĸƺһ־Եĵ
κˡκҲ޷仰
Ҫ˪ºսôΪʹĴۣԲܣ
Ҷ˪ˣ֪Ȱãֻգתȶƻһϸϣһʤ㣬һ
һϣҶİţ˪ǰ·ºںѹҶ¹ѩ˪ѩѩ¹ѩ
һ˲ؽ˺ڰ֮ɭ
һ·֮ϣѩѩһ仰Ҳû˵
ȻԸ˪ºһ·ϣҲʼսذڽϣʱ׼νչɱ
ֻһ·˰ʮԾɺ޶
ͷϲܾŵ𣬸¸ҽУЩ춯ûɢ˵صţΪƬİɭ֣ƽ˼ɭֲ֮⡣
һ·ǰУܹԼ
飬飬顭
УղԾҶʾǻҪ߱˵һ֡Ǻ޷ĸоڽķΧ£ǲ˵Цɢ˵صĹ¼ţѾܲˣǵĲԣյ˵һ֣ܹƶļƻ
ǡ˵ʲô¹ѩüͷ
ôŵнҪЦ˵ȫ©ѶϵһĴ
ҶЦЦԿڵƬɭĿ֣˵ں½ʮ׷ɱԭǵһۡһսǡ
ҶϲĿʼ˵ƽüɫ裬ֵͶ룬ԼΰߴϵĹʷһҫĿ
˪º¹ѩȴ
λҶԪ˧ȻΪߣݶԼǣȴʵѵһ
ҶԴһĽ£ƺǷݽĪգҲࡣ
˳н֣ʱ
ĿԶĵطԺԵؿһս
ľܵԵ䣬Ƕ۵ľ޴֦ڿĴǱȱȽǣһһĴӶʾǳսĲпᡣ
˵˵ءǵһ·Χ׷ɱЦҪһս𣿣¹ѩ˵
˪ºһǳŻкҪţԶΪʤ֮⣬汾ʲôĸûУߣǻĳš
꣬Цһ֮λԪ߽߼ս¹ѩۿܵòпᾰ󣬲ɵ̾ϢЦһ˽ܣעĽ֣˲̾Ϣ
˪²Щ
Ц㲻֪ǡɾĶҶЦ
ʱ١
䡱һмλõһƬأͻȻ̮ȥ¶һ֪ĿӶ˲ʱʱֲָľأĴʯҷɣ䣬ವﲻ𡭡
˷ϵ£İţëһڱÿһռ䣬ˣ
֮⣬˸򣬸貵Ľ𣬿ɷǼ¡¡
ʮ⣬߾Ȼȫʩչһƴƣ쭶
Ŀ꣬м䳾֮
˪۾һУϡһʣ
˵һȻҶ֮ǰƲ⣬ȫһ£
ȻԤǱͬӦзˣ
λĪҪǴ۵ԲԡƾͼƣҶٵ
ͬʱȡ֡
һ̣ǰλõ˪гէȻһĿĽ⣬ȻңγһİԲ״ɢڿפΪһ֡
λλõºгͬһͬĽ⣬ȫͬո෴Ľ⣬۵ķʽһַΧȴɽȫ㣬פʱ䲢ܳȻֻһţȴԽԷĵһƣȫ
Ƿĳ̣зɳʯҪĹ㡪İһ˲䣬ȫţ뺣ڣȫʧȥԭĳ켣תţȦӷɹȥȴڽ⻤֮ǰҲдתٵת
ȥ
˪ºػһͼӰ֮ͬʱһϺȡ
һۼػ֮ɳʯЮԼĺ⣬ԱƸҵ̬ƣȥ
ͬʱ˪бָңºбָ˸ƣңңԣȴȻ෴ķ֣ᶫǿƽһ
˻һֵ֮࣬ĳȻһ𣬾ͬʱֶ
ڿ˫ȻγһĿĺ󽣹⣬糤һٴ˵أĿа࣡
ǰˣ֮ƺȻȥ
һƿ˵ǳ˵ԤϣȫȻ߸ĵˣֻרˣ
Ⲣһˣһ̴ٵĲҽУʩչһ˲䱻飻˪ֺĻһɱ䷨ܵ𣬽Դݿ֮ɨ˲һѪꡣ
Ǿһ̴ٲҽˣȻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻѪ꣡ҽûü˾Ѿ군

˪ֵİɱһ֣ûг׷ڵֵĵһʱתԽྡྷһԲ֣ٶȽȫԲ֮С
ʱһ۵촫
ȴ֮ǰԲַȥ̳ɰʯǴİЧˣ
̳ɰʯ죬ӰӾͬʱӰԭ߲İ֮ɭڶһӰйٵϰ֮󣬶ڹƵĵӱѣ
̳ɰʯ֮еķ䰵˿֣ͬŽȻ˷Ϯʮĸ˴Ǳæҡ
һ˲սī٣ʵսȴ಻Ϣʱ䣬һʼ̳ɰʯͻϮ˪ֳ̳ɰʯԸٶȷȥȻ˪˵ķһ̳ɰʯϮʮ֮ǰǿƻɱˣϾµڶ֣սֹ֮ݼңǿɼһߣ
¹˪콾˫֮죡¹˪Ȼ鴫˵áһɭɭ
쳾£ܵĵ½ֳӰһľǺ棬ов񻣬㶼Ůߡ
ЩŮÿɭȻƺıɽۡ
˪䵭ʵʲôˣҶǽֵҲʵ֮αͷ¶βνСоѵǵһôļ𣿡


501 ˫˪
ղųǵɭֵ˪⻰˵ȴˡǸĿŶԣֺαͷ¶β
˪ͷȷʵʵñˣֻǷˣҲνȫҪˣ¶û¶˵һڵǰƣء
˺ٺЦ˪Ǻƣüֻأ¹˭֣ȴδ֪֮ñһۣ¹˪Ƿ޿ƥС
˵գɱȻһɭǵ˵ս
ոճܹʮĸһһɱߵ׳ɱ⣡
ν顱ս˼壬ʯ١ͬھս
һֵδػʩչһսǸˣȴһҪһľɱзʽ
ԼΪΪԼսѴɱлᣬνսڡ
飿ºһЦƾǼèҲʸ񱻳֮ΪȺɫˣҲһƬ
ºӯУԷʮѾϤһɲļơ
ԭ谵ĴУһ̣Ŀǵ⽣Ӱ嫽˲ʱƬ񷣻һƬ֮Уϸ΢ڵ㣬ݺύ˲ʱս
룡ºŭ״ľһǡ칬ǾǱ칬ˣ
Ϊ׵ĺɭɭЦºȷʵʶ㲩һ۾Ϳðֻء˱칬֮⣬˾Ͳֽ𣿡
Էʸڷϡ
սѾٶչ
˪ºһǰһ󣬱˴˺Ӧݺύѭʱһ֮䣬λһٰʮȵĶԳƵֻͻȻͱ˶ͭǽڣصõˮ©֮ˡ
ԷϹʮԪ߽ԻķʽչΧ֮£ȫȻûаá
ڣڱ״֮µҶ졢¹ѩˣȫûгֵء
սƬ̣һҽѪ֡
ΧһŮȻУطէȻ޵Ѫ˵ʱת˳ȥأԻڰзÿһη֮࣬϶һƬѪۡ
׷ѩ
顱һһͻغʩչһ֮еһŮӣڼҶ˲䣬ȴǰӰһȻͱ˪档
ںٲһȻĪ֮ܽУ˪һţư׾Թ϶һ㣬ȷޱȵش˶Էʵһƥ⣬ݺݵŮӵСϣ
ŮӵʱһҺߣ˲ʱɢ˷򵹷ɳȥڰ֮дڴڵ飬ƣԼǲˡ
˪ºȻ˵ã鴫Ϊ׵أڿſеĴ룬һĻȷֻƾǰЩ֣޿ܲܶ˪κ˺ֻɼԱʧˡ
ʱϵԳֻ»ὫЩȫʧͽ޹
һˣͻȻ쳤Х
ˢˢˢ
һХڶ˷ʮӰ֡
Щ֣һԾǺ棬İķΧ¸ɭֲһһԲ㼴ݺݵؼΧսš
һֲһս˪º㼴оѹһأٲ֮ǰĽ磬
˼һۣһ۶ӣģһ̵ı仯ͬҶȶ֮ڡ
öԵǰ״иѹ֮˲ǵûһǣ˲ʱ˷ֵȦӣ漴˱ڶԷսʮԪ߽ߵǿΧ֮Уչ˸ǿķˣ
ͬһϬ⣬ڻ谵Ĵо罣һķȥ˫ǿƷһʱ侹Ȼзһ˵ϤƵýڽںˡ
˪º磬˵֮࣬һ˱ʮɣ
˹ƣԷÿ˵ѾǱˮʪˡ
ȻǺʮ֣֮Ҳ˪ǺϹ֮У
ȻʱǸΪ׵ĺͻٷһХ
ѾӦԼѵһɺɴ⣬뷭ӡ
ȻһķӣȴǷ䶷ɣ˪º״һȫɣ׷ҽУڰбնΪΡ
⻹ǶԷɢ˱ܣɢþԶվλܼĻնɱͷֹˣ
ʱ򣬶Է㲻ƺŴܵԭҲˡ䡱һ죬ԭսƬսֵ棬ȫ׵ȥ
ӵص·
ͬʱһ˾㤵ӴӵصºȻ
Ŀ꣬ǴϿգȥҶˡ
˪Ӧ٣һХٶ𣬰ż˲ʮɣºĽγһ᲻ɴݵƣϮнϤ赲⣬ȫ©
֮ǾŸͬǺ桢ɭ簵ҹħһζЦ
¹˪ˡ
ºʼһͷ¶β󱲣Ϊȥˣ
Ϊ˷ЦǸص㣬ȴעԻŻؼңϧºߣǵľ㣬ȴҲܻص¹ˡױɰ׹ɭɭϧ̾գ
ºЦƾǵ΢ĩ˵Ρ
ȴɫһ䡣
˪µһô۾ǰˣʵºˣ
ºɫѿͬ£֧ŵͳͳɱ⣡
ȻŲƬ̣ϣѾ¶ɫ
˪תͷһüͷһ壬ŭʲôȻԵˣ
Ϊ׵ĺ˵ҪԸ¹˪θ˿ĵġȻһĶҩ֪ûã̶ûãҲûãΧԼǣΪλҪ
û൱İգѵרɣղų֮˲ϧ¶ţҪȫɱ¶Ԥڵһ㣬ºϣжˣ
ֶͿλ߸ϵľ֣Ʒʧܵζ
ºɫѿʲôʱµĶʹҸղ¶лܽ
ºϲ˵ҲҪһģϾǶºȴֵöֶΣɡȻڹʱ䣬ȴºȻֲΪºͣһʱڿ֮Уаƣǧɢ
ǧɢɫζұûκζԣֻ׷;߱ɱҩǵȻв
Ľ͵ֻǡڵڶֵʱϿտ·˪ǻ߱޳Ī·ºϣȴעܱػӴǰµǣۣǣ۱Ҳɫζ޶¡
ºɫһ䣬̾һ½һ𣬾ͱ˶ҩ
Ǻǣɢǣ۽һȻתΪ綾綾ȴᷢᷢľ綾ԾɲݱºϲΪ׵ĺ˵
Ŷᷢľ綾ԲᱻίʵȤһжػеɣ˪ĵ
ǺɭɭЦ϶е֪ղҷΪʲô¶ôĿ𣿾Ҫǳֻɱǰ˱ҺҺ޶ǽⶾƷڻѪҺ֮УתΪڿеѪζȴԽɢǣɵ涾ȫУһ޽Թ񣬴˿Ķر裡
Ϊ׵ĺ޼ɵشЦţºɫºϣǲǸо˻Щ䣿ʵǺºϵģǵʵѰֲ֧סزˣºϻίʵѵã
ºʲôر裬ҹԴСȻҲҲЧ¸㣬һ㶼䣬Щȣ
ȣͶˣ˷һĴЦԴڶ涾٣ҽη򣻵µıȴᷢһֺ͵ɫ󡭡¹涾֮µˣֳǱļ󣡿ºϵ״ȴҲ볣죬ұ㱧ڿҸղ˵ĹȻе¹˪ˡ
ºˣĽʧȥ֣Ҳ㹲߾Ȫ¹˪վˣ

һĿЦ֮࣬һ֣ڳеĺͬʱǰΧһȴǸı˲ԣһմߣðգڽһºܼ򵥣ҪºڵĶؼٷֻҪºһˣ˪սȴҪ໤һж֮ˣȫ汻״ʱǳ׵ս֡
˪纮˪˸˿ȻеԵзľ󲿷ֹƣտºڳӽУ򹥻ܣɴ󼱣㻹취ƶҪٺķԪһӵֵǵĹơ
º¶գҧԹˣûá
ǱߣΪ׺˵ĴЦǲãΪԾɱƵóرľϷصҲ֮䣬
ЦԼ
кۼ״ا䣬඼˾ǵΪȻܹ׸оó˪º֮ǰ޷ϣƺѾʼ˳ͣҳ͵Ƶʻڽ
һת飬ҲԲת΢о۵ңڳÿһս֮е˶ظо
Ҷ쳤֣¹ѩվţ֮ǰǷ򸾶ˣ֣Ĺƣϧֻ𵴣˾㶼ǿѪս
ǱϾֻõԪˮ׼սУΪѩѩŮͲǰδԪΪʵȻսನҪǵ
սƵ˪ɫҲԽԽԽƴһºɫԽԽ࣬нԽԽЩȻǶر裬Ʒ칬Ĳ֮أǶر裡úúãǹȻǡ칬ˣ
ǡۡһ³һѪҡҡ׹ҲѾòסˣڵϣ֧壬ȴƺֶѾάϵѹЩˡ
էȥʱܵԭƮĳɢסݣֻŴڴڵĴϢ
Ϊ׺˼״ٶЦ֪Σϣȫ֣ǣ˽ۣ
к˶о˪º˿̵ΪһХɷ֮ж¾ꡣ
ÿ˶ΪʤѾԼ֣ԷķȦӣѾʼ©˪ºѾϵһԭǺγɵѲ棬ļˣ಻Ԫ׵ߣֻҪ˪٣ֻھͶ֮䣡
зʮ˵ĸ߽һԣӿ
ȻʱԭȻº͵̧ͷסݵĳٶȷ˵ݹаֲȻ˲ʱⱬ䣬ƣڴ˼ʺȻ
ղϢĹ̬ºϾԪﱸɱһ
ͬһʱ䣬˪һȻ貣ڿγһ޴Բ򡣶º֮ǰһֱָڵµĽ⣬֮ѵأ޿ƥС
һΪ貽⣬˪һŽâٻ۶ȥ
öˣһһңһһ£γһɿǰ޴Ľ籩֮䣬һ˲ܲ
ȫ޼ϵ죬Ҫȫ飬˺ѣ
˫˪
˪ºڿлȻһ˲ʱʧǳ׵ڽһ޼᲻ݡ޿ƥеĺ嫽֮С
漴⡰䡱һ죬ʹܼޱ
ѣ
ôܣеĺ˶ڵǰ֮ʶ۵ľ
ºѾжˡսȫʧ
ҪǣرĶϵ޽жļ󣬸Ƕ϶޷ٵ֤
Դڴˣ˲ŸҷĴ󵨵չΧγһܲ͸ıɱΧȡ˪һ£ɾʱºȻָˣ
⡭⵽ô£
ô
ǻȫڲάϵƣȴƫƫʱ⵽ǿķˣ
ⲻˣҪ˰
вΧĸ߽ߣóҪĴ𰸣
ôܣرôЧΪ׵ĺͬĴһڽâһ˲ǲŵĴһ
жн⣬޶Ȼû£ŵԣٲ֮ˣк嫽дº漴һŰ׳Ĺʹ˳أ
кˣһеĴ֮£
ȫλ޲ľɱ֮£
˫˪˪ºǿ޵һУͬʱҲˣƴ֮ƷһУ
һһȫ汬ɱۣµһ䷨ҲԷͥ񣬲·磡
ȻҲȫûȱģһڳ֮ǰҪƬ̣κһƼɣҪҡڴеսУԵ֮޲Ǿǿߣ֮ڤ·ôƵĿյ
Σеһ׶Ϊ׷ɱе˪ķ½ޣҲ˵ڳеͬʱܹͻ˫֮Ļ˪ܴأ⣬еսڴ˿̶ó֣Ҳܴ
һУȷʵ˵ɱУ˵ɱУܼ˵𼺣
ڽö˵֮£ԷʱȴҲѵ׼ʱ䣻һУʩչȻޱȵ˳
һƬҽУѪ


502 ٷ
ۡ
Ϊ׵Ǹڳ֮ʵǿƴֵ˫Ĺƣеĳ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȶ촷ۣϸѪ𣬻һֱۣˢһŽһƬ⡣
ǿΪڷЧӽȥܳȥ˼ʮɵĿռ䣬ͷҲصĴһ
Ǳߡ
ԷһΧʮˣ˪ľһ֮£ֱɱʮ֮࣬Щ˿ɶ˪صյĵԪƷ֣ʣµ֮УҲ⣬Ǳˣ˸ɴֱ۶䣬һƴ˱ܣһѳⷶΧ㼴˷Ӵܶȥ
ˢˢˢ
з˾˵սȻɲǼߵӰ١˿ۼ
ּ䣬֦ҶһʱҡΣٶȻָƽ
Ȼս֮УɢѪûϤ価
˪ºûչ׷һֳֽ˳⣬еĽħ³һ۾һЦ
˫һ׶ˣеڼˣѪζǾˣмߵ֮һҪϢƬ̣ΪѪġħ
սָһ䣬϶в̶ͬȵСˣЩƶŮ˵˴š
ң
˪һЦºͷȻŮǻΣϲɫ
һۣԷķίʵѾǿ൱̶ȣȻ沫ɱķʽ˪ŮջԻʤڻ֮ǣ˶⣻ҶˣȫûлĻᡣ
ڣ˪ŮڼҶ˵ĻܴսתһͿأȫī
Ǿս˲Եȵ£Ҷľơı֮£ƾͼƵչȴչֳһٶǬľս
ʾ϶ƣٷԷȫսһ֮ڣ״ܣɱɢɢӣ˳һ˵νսԻͣ
Ȼٿ߰ʬ壬ȴ¡
ʵǿ˪ãǺȻ
Ҷĳı֣һΡ𡣡º۾עҶ죺зж֣ƻ򣬾ȻȫҶ²֮УȻֲֻҲˣǣ˼ɾɲ
ҶЦЦǫҲԼĶȵģҲУúϵޣһѣǵ˴˼ʣҲΪһʱģԷ˺Ȼδղǰ̫ܵ졢̫ϣҸصĸִǻ֡
ǽԷȻиΪҵĹƣҪ׼϶ϲġ
˪ºͬʱͷʾϿɡ
˵һʼʱ˪ҶӣԴԴҶЦǴ˿̣ҶӣԴҶ챾ҶǻۡѾ۷˪Ů
Ҷĸ½ҵһˣϴδսܹκһս۵Ĳܾʵ飬鴫
ҶҶ죬㲻ĳ˵ĸףԾǷ֮ˣ
ߣǱȥһ£ӳһ¶Է˵ʱ䡭Ҷ˵ţͷȥ
ѪζҲίʵˡ
˪ºڶҶֱķڷ˵Ը˹ȥ
¹ѩ˸˵ͬβȥ

һ
·ϣһ׳ɽĴ󺺣Դ̤ɽСϣÿһʵرȵòһ㡣
˾ףĿҰ֮䣬ȻȻһɾĿӵƣ
ļͷ֮ϣһش˼ĺ񱳿ɽ󵶣ôббĿڼͷƥȻǵȷʵǺ˼㡭
ֱ˵Ǻ񱳣ǡһ޴Ĵӣ
ֻôִһعҲҪڰٽϣ
󺺣
쵶
ԣǺ쵶ڶɺ쳾
ϵģǴ˵еĺ֮У˵ͨ죬ķҪͬѰسʮ⿴۵δ󵶣ʵǡֲһǧٽ
ôڼϣ
пռָȴὫԼŽȥʼվôţΪһߣǳ̬
꣬ʱʱ̣̿Լĵ깲
ÿʱỵ̈ʱأܽ
һֱΪΪ˵Ǽ֣꣬δ뿪Լĵ
һǧٽľ˷˵ѾǸо
ĵֱ죬ָһת⣻ȫо
ǱͲһѩȳ֮ҪֱģϾǵǰ֪пҵҶЦĵطߵ·һ֣ȴָı˳ԡ
Ϊڰ·һȤĽٵߡ
һգ·ϵĺ쵶ͻȻо´ԣ·Ȼи壻ϲȤζ¡Ȼصȥ
Ȼ󣬼ٶ̧ͷʱϷسһĺӣ˼ſ˷ܵĿ˿ѾԼޡ
ǺӣϽֵǮĶȫүүһ͵ɡǼһ״˵һС˵־Ŀ
үү
Ѿǲõ׶೤ʱ䣬ȻòҲû˸ԼǰԳˣ񣬾աǬ֮£һλ⡣
ֵǮĶûСϾĶ̧ͷŶԷĻش
ҿɸ㣬үү治ɱ㣬һɣĵУ֪˻ҲáУȻЩͬζ˵ǻ˵үүܷһЩֻүүڼ··ҲҪĵرԴֻҪһЩƽˡ
˿ŵɲҪƲԳԷƣҪǮҪҪٶǮҲûȥҸ˵֮ͨ꣬Եɽģˮ˵㵽˵ЩûС
Ҳ֪ǲǿ⣬ſű׽飬ԼҲȤ˵
ֻǣ˵Ƿż׽飬ûҪһ仰̫ɱˣ
ɱԺ쵶
һĲɣ𣡣
ԼЩǵжôɣȻһ·ٵĶĿŵıʾ˿𡭡
ʲô֣˺ЩȤҲһΪ˲Խ֮ģһʱ䵹ҲûֱӶֵ˼ҪǸ֣Ȼ˵㵽Ҫȥʲô˵͸һЩ·ѡ
һ۾Ϳ˳
һ䣬ҲᳬʮꣻȻһΪȻѾԪƷͣΪΣһԣ˵൱ġ
ǣһûκɵı־Ȼһɢޡ
һɢܹ䣬ﵽ߶ȣȻ൱츳Ŭ˫֮ˣһеͬ飬ǼװȷϣһĹﾹҲǸˡ
һ˵үүˣô˵ҸϽŪȥȻ·ɣˣһǵӣעûʲôˮ͵үү˷ʱ䡢һɣԼɡ

עûʲôˮ
ôѶȵ״ôȷأ
զأ
ۿĺ쵶òãȻ˱ӣһٵĳ
ĵĵһһκòã
òã
ҪĻ˵飿
ϷȻ˻ȥѾ뿪ˣһᣬȻϷˡ
ιǲԼղŸ˵ԸҽʵҪҰȻܹĵ
ſڡһԽЩת
ôɸߵ壬һȥҪң
ҿһﵽɶˣûǲǵ˺òã
һǰԵȻܰҺ쵶ҵϣ
˵ã
룬ȴ澶ԴһӣǸڲһãҺףɡקסӡէקأ㰡Ҹʱ䡭ˣҪֱӰ˩Լϣ
ŴԼǰǸأԻƵӣҲ֪浽ʲôܸоһɺܸӦ˵ζ
ӿǱĵرȴҲʲôʲôȻ͹ҹɵĺǹˣ
˵Ĵ꣬漴𣺡ף˵һѵɵ˲ôˣҲ˵ҸʱôץסӰԲۣɵ˰ӡ
͹ҹ
һӺߣʱŵһŨŨζһᣬץסӣһ书ӣһｫԼȥ
Բۡզôء죺Ȼ֣ϴץһֻܶûء
ǳˡ
СӵŵңȻҽú쵶һͷȡ
֮Ǽһﻹûüٿڣͱһߵڵأλεĺ֮УѼǼһﲱϣɷĺȵ˵֣ٵĿҪʲô


503 ܵ
һ˲ʱͣ
˵ǴͲȷУʵ𺳣
ղŶԷһŽԼߵԼȻȫӦѾУԼ˵ʱŴ󿪣ȫ޷Ĵ⣬ҲȫûӦɣ
ǡԼϵķĿһ֣
Ųϵɭ棬ھ治ĳ˲˵ȴΪϴɽһȻѹѹĳֱӴˡ
ٹƬ̡
ҡССһһѱһᣬứľˣСǹڳϣаʮĸ໴ĺҲǱΡóȻҲؼҡӢǧ
ȻǾΥ
ۼλھ٣ݸȻǵѹ֮ǰɽѹȴȥųɣŴ˵ȴʶ
һ̻ǲڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣһλ˾ʮȽǣʱصвٵ˲ʱ֣ɱ֮зˣϮ
ʲôˣ
ǰΪΣֻĩвõǿ߷ۣΪɱʶǰƵ˲ʱжȴʵʵڵģⷽԣʹǷҲм˿Ա⣡
ΪһһɱֵɱֶΣν¯ࡢǷ켫ſں˵ںʵȴǰ϶ƵƵбеһ֮΢
ȫ޷ӦΪƵʱԪ볣ȫȻ죬Ҳ̬쳣ƣȫš
Ȼһ˲պȫת˹
һϢ޻⣡
ҸϬһȫδҶЦȻش£ԪƷĺ쵶һ߱ܵùˣڷ˵֮ǰֻ»ǵܵСˣһʵǵۣڵκǿߣ
˴ٺ쳾ҶЦԤʱ䣬Ҫϲ٣ʵҲѹ֣ϰ෴ԪܵڣҶЦ˰˳Ԫ֮ѱںջʣԪܣνһձһո˳죬ӵĵӦ֣һ̣Ϊͻͽʤ
ԾһޱͻأǿŴ󿪣ӴĴ⣬ȫ޽䱸ȴԾһԼ֮ǰһָأϮϮʱΪ촷ۣ
һ赭д齣һָȴԴں෴Ԫ֮࣬ʵҶЦԤϣ˳ȵľҶЦת΢֮ҶЦһᵽ΢֮裬ȾԲľ֮£ٶתһָ˵У
ֻǱھ޿ܵ£һָ˵УһϮӡȴǼӱ̣
֮˵Ǽӱ̣ԭ㣬һһϮʱǶȡƣκһ涼Ѿɱ֮ľ֮
ʣԼλ֮Ҳδܹ˾޵һ̾磡ǳߣھʵ̫ȻеԪƷΣԼѾ΢֮Ҳ޷ȫˣһָ˵У
ڵڶأһϮţ׼ȷһ˵ӦǷһзôҶЦĶСһЦݺᡱòã
ǰ˭ôҶЦĶз
Լ֮ǰطҶЦỳǰھܿǻԵɺϵĵõҶЦ֮ʧĹؼʲôģڵǣҶЦûıг֮⣬ͬţȴҶЦУԶ׼϶ҶЦԨԴ
ʱ겻Գ֮󣬾һȦϵӴܣϵؽӣϵĵˣϵر׷ɱϵȻٲͣĵˡ
Ȼһ·ܵĹУҲȫջ񣬲ΪֱԪƷԵɺϵõһŲرͼǰѰһ·ٶգ󴳵ʱЯԴȫһգռָпտҲѾǷĽޡ
ԭ֮ʱΪһֻԸлһʲ·޾֮·֪ٵȻһơ
Ը񡢱ģΪһǺӣԵ֮伫ߵڣѾһɥأΣʲôȲܹȥҪ
͸ղ˵Ƿ鲢ïµĻں½ʱ˵Ǵ˼ʣȴΪӪ췴ϮɱĪΪʵǸߵףղһԿԸޱ̵Ľѵ
ڼ澳֮跢ϮһһνΪֹľһۼԼһɱѳɣֵ˲ʱһָ׾Թ϶һ㣬赭дؽסԼ־ڱеһԼıӦָ飡
ĵˣղѾԷʵĪ⣬ƸԼƽǴеĵԪ߽ǿߣԼղһѾƽȴԷһָ飬˫֮⣬Ѳɵߣ齣һָನֻ±Լ˰ɣ
ȻٶȳԤϵǣһָ齣֮࣬һ˿׷Ϯ
Ǹʵߵò˵Ǻӣ۲ĶԼڿһ屦һ㣡
Էֱֱðʶļн˫ȣ°ʲôʲôɶȺðɣģһ˶ϣһʹ죬ǡ
ȥˣ
Ŀ
ǵģĿˣţòôʲӦϲ
ǲԣʸˣأȷʵԭܼ򵥣Ϊߣö֣ƶܴղһȴ֮У
һ׿Ϊ̸ĻѾ跢ӵһ쾡µļ²ΣԶԣЦˣһеķϣҲ޷ñãܻɣССͣôģ
ţ˭᲻أ
ʵ֮еǰĽ裬ԴĻ½ߣؼ£Ϊȣٲά裬Ըڶ̱ӵ΢仯֮У˵׿ΪһɱԾȷΪȿľзǽ΢򶥼ǿߣߣⷽ浱ͼ䡢ƽ졢ɱֳ֮ˣ
ȥĹ̾ͺܼˣȻȷʩչҶЦĶзֱ˵ԼҲҶЦἰλ̸̸֣˵˵ѸңȻ̸úͶ
ү
³ƺ
ƺ˵öۣӵ۾Сӣ֪֪ұϴ󻹴࡭ؽҶүҴүû
үϴһǧһ꣬Ҳֻ𾴵Ķүԭϣò
أ֮ͱС˲ϵԽ˸ףҧɿڡ
һбҰҲĿڵļƣֲĴҡ
Ҳֻ޿κΣͽκΡ
֮󣬶ӡ󼫼ѵɴ֮ǰõŲرͼʾĲر֮һȻˮɡֵ
ѰǸطǰǰȴҲķһµĹȡòر֮δȡԼԴȫǴ͸
Ȼֽ͵һȫڲ񹦣ٴγɽ
ֻ⼸µļȴǸоидէ֮£ƺԼ֮ȡټôԼ֪Լ£򵽲зʹľϸ΢仯ʹ΢֮һϲ¥
ǴԼռĪˣ
Ҿֱ֮оԼһ·ϼį
һ·ϣʼע·棬ûһӣ
һҪڽԼһͷ򡭡
ǲͺˣ
Ծ෴Ԫ֮󣬱ΪԴһδľأľϲ¥¾ߵȻʵȴÿһ죬Ϊһ֡
һգɲɵߵڰ֮ɭ
ޱ޼ʵİɭ֣ǶûпǣֱӴ̤ͳ˽ȥ
·ڽ£֣ߵģ֮󣬻ʲôȥȥõģ
Ȼһ֮ʱоòЩԾܲѰ
ڰ֮ɭķǴһ棬Ҷһ˵гҪϲһʱ䡣
һ·϶ĴǰţѰԼеԾԴͷȴȻоǰһƣֱԼ߶
ѲϽٵˣ뵽ݸмС˷ܡ
е飬Լܹôˡ
㷢֡
ôģƬڰĴؾۼôĸ߽ߣ
ظо˷۵ƣžԵԲ۾ΪƼ֮лϳһˡ
ôģоȻںǳŵˡĿе䣺ôǰϣҪȻȥʲôù
˵ĵ˾ӵѣӹˣ


504 ˵Ĳ²
ŵĸȥ
Щ˵ĿȻԼôͿ϶ˣȴڡųƺǲ£ҲǷҪһӵġ
Ȼôһʱ䡣
طһ¡
ӣȻܽԼƣɫȫڸˡ⣬չֳĺۼǱ칬Ĺ·ô
ȻǴʲô˵ͬʱڽݺ칬
ӸԹˡ
֣϶Ҫһյġ
˼СģŴ󵶣ŵĵشǱ˹ȥ

ոǰ˴Լʮ·̣һӴƴѸٵĴģаһҵĹԹԡ֮࣬Զȥ
ɿǰƵ溧ѼжϣԼǽ߾ȫʩΪҲƥУ˹Ƶ˭
ֻïܵĴ֮ϣһȺһӯɭֲ֮⣬һ
ӺɭаҸǸ֣ȫʮ֮࣡
һϤͷϷӶʧǰ
ҪԸ˭ĵĺˣݡǶԸڵֻҲ´ˡԷʲôôôзѵҶЦǸСˣ
һˣȻ޶ۣȴʶļӿ˽Ų
һҶЦԼȥ˿϶ñǼһ
ǧɵĸ߿֮ϣӥ۵糸һƺڶһ켣쭵ļٶȣѽղ˺ѣ
ҶЦȻͦڽӥϣһڸ߿쫷죬粻ۣȻȴֺͬصıǹһ㣬ͦ˿
ҶЦ˼ʵɫɭ䣬εɱ޼ɵشӳֱأ
ӥһ·֮˶ʶĻ£һĪëȻоȻ
һ̣ҶЦͷǷݽѾȥԼ޷ɵĵز
û˼롣
оֻΨһһͷ
Ҷ˴εʲôʧĻ
ôǽ˵ȫϾɱҲޡ
κ˸бӻŵĻ
۴ۣƺҪ֮ףݣ
˿̣ҶЦһҪ¾˵ĳ嶯
Ҳ˵Ҷ򸾣˪κһ䣬ҶЦҲܲ
ӥظоҶЦͷǷݼŭٶ˼£ڲǿйĶԪ֮ٶȣ˺ٶȼֱ봫˵е˲޼ģ
Ŀ֮۵룬ἴﳤ;ڽӥױȵٶ֮£سɴһ㣬ʧԭ;桱⼸ֵ塣
ѩһ£ҶЦ߸ֶ
УͬŰµɱֿա
䣬ڽ֮гƺȻᵽѪȵζڷХ죬Ȼڿһ̾ʶʹѪ
·һ㣬УҶЦĮȴ̫費Ӣ黳ɱĻͷ­
ѩɱΣǵĽѵǰ裬Щųͷ­һȫɱô
ҶЦĮϺеųһѪ΢Ц˵ֻƬؼ䡭У档ǣ֮ͽȥˡ
ѩҶЦһƬ侲Ĳп᣺Ҫףǵս
֪ѩ־Ȼ
һƽĴУں쳾ȴҵĵҶЦ΢Цţд˼ܸеܼį
ȥͲįˡѩһЦλƸ¥İ׹Ӱɣʵֺֹں½ƬͬŷƸ¥Ĵ˵
ҶЦ΢΢ͷ
Ȼ׹ƺԶƽĵȻɫԼƺµƶ񣬻гľɡ
ʵԵҶЦһֱһɻ
Ϊһں½֮ϵĸһλ棬ƺӦ˵ƽ
Ϊ֮У˺֮ܶǰƸ¥ĴţµĴս֮⣬ȴ޸ͣڷƸ¥֮İ׹ӣȫһ˿ۼ
Ű򣬼һķƸ¥ƺȫκ
ǾԲóֵ״
ҶЦúܣ׹ȻںЩ˼νʧϰߣȴÿһε߸µ䣬ὨȫԼӴ
򣬻ں½
׹£̫̫˲ţкܶ˸Ǿž޵һ콾ֻа׹ӹ⻷ѹƣûֳѡ
Ȼ׹ÿһε߸֮󶼻ļʱ뿪ǡµЩȴڼįٲÿ˶ڼį
֮ǸҲûŰ׹ӵ뿪ɢ
һȺžޡʵݵԱһôĬĬţ
ڵȴӣƸ¥ͽһ翵Ĵ˵ûκδڵĺۼ
Ƕں˽ⷭƸ¥ҶЦԣȫӦã̫顣
ȻҲһʱԺһʱǿ֮Ѹ𣬳伣ʱⳤ֮УǷƸ¥ȴʺٷܹ׹ίΣ࿴һǸۣ
һ䣬ѸĹѪ̡
˵˿ԽЩһƣɱҶЦҶЦǲţ
ûܹӵʵ
ȻˣôʲôЩ˵ʧ˿ۼأ
ţҶЦ͵һ
뵽һ飬һҲΧ漰Ĵ£
Ȼһ뵽Լ֮µԣԼֵܳĺЩԹƵĿºҶЦɫҲ̲סһķס
ŰǸ֯ױȵľ޴󲼾֡ԼӴӵо˵ĵ̣Լµϴѳɾ͡
ҶЦˢһһͷһеһУǷѾ˵֯ʵǰ׹ӵµЩ˸ģ
԰׹ӵĸ֣ȻǲмڸЩıƣֻӦ˵ʸôʱ뾫ߣݵλۣҲ伫ֶΡǰΪĿĲֶε飬׹ӻ
һֿǡµЩ˱ˣ
׹ӻ߲мλ棬ǶЩ¶ԣȴһɹǷܶһĿ꣬µĳۣƵȵȡ
ǣЩһĵ̣Ҫһֱֱ̣ʱղſʼ𣿷򣬾ߴ󳬼ֻ֣Ҳɣ
֮һֱزͷûг򡭡Ͳں¡׹ӵͻȻ֣
Ϊ׹ǾԲԼһִķƸ¥Լƿ֮󣬳ױʣһΣ¶һֻ֣ƶ֮֮㣬ҲԽ𣬶Ҿ
һֱұ¶
һֱڵУð׹˿
ǵǰ׹ӻѾصǵ磬ơ½ĵͼλˣȻֻк½λ֪ǻ˵ĲԶź½ҲȻǵķ֧ں½֧һ㣡
׹ӡŮȥͬǳǵвټãȻҲͿʽˣǵĵ̡ʵʲôǶԿ
ҲһأǿһϦ춥ǿߵ̨̨ϵسĳȡֻعı֮ǲŻ֣չģľɱִܳ׸ֵĿԣ
ӣôɾ̫ˡ
ҶЦһȻǱԼ״ŵˣ
ҶЦԷƱڷùֻع֮һʵǵظǰЦĸ߶ȣȰٳ߸ͷһ֮ǰֵúϵᣬԪ۷ε塣
ǰʵԲ䷨ѩЩǿߣȴѾͬһǿߣҲֻѡ
ҶЦ棬ǻĸ߲Աǰ׹ӷƸ¥ľЩ˵ıʵҲüΪɹֻۣһ͵򳬽ǿߵˮ׼˭ԿԶԿأ
ô˵£ĿǰֻԼһ룬ǲǣûκεʵݣҲԼ쿪أ
ֻǣ֪ǲҶЦһԶ󿪵ù󣬸ղΪ쳣ǿ󣬶뵽˰׹ӣ뵽˷Ƹ¥ɲ뵽̨뵽µһ˶ߴš
̨ϽϷˣĸ߶ȣ߻ﲻįɵǸ߶ȣֿԸ׹ڵƽ
һεԪǵһԵʥõɱˡһ䷨ĿǰʵԴͷҲΪʥ
ˣڳ֮ǰ·ƾðĽɫţһˣǸҲвɵʥȴӴ˱ʧˣû֪˭Ǹˡ
ǲժʥƾʲôܹɹֻǵ𣿡
ʥϽĶѾڶǵõȷϡ
ǰ֪֪ףԼٶȣôΨ֪һЩţпܲժɹɣ䷨Ӻ£ԼĿǰӵеӴ˶ı󶯵ı֮ɶѪ嶯ͽ
ȻͽܹôͷʵɶǴˣĴһʮðա
ôƾʲôðգʮȡ
Ψһĺ;ǣʵ֪ȡĴ·ģǣĳţǸӣôô֪ģ
ʥ쳾ͬȼλ桭ܹ֪ЩֻһԴͷ׹ӣ
ЩͷҶ£ͷҶЦԺ֮УȴΪ׹߶˲佫֮һ硣
ҶЦһ
ʵˣôɾ̫ˡ
ôĻۣôĬĬӪôǵ£˶ٳأ
֪Ȼһκκκʵ֣
ں½֮ʱȻҲ׹ӵжԣΪֻԵɺϣȫܿʤƸ¥ӵеսûᵽνĪˡΪҵ˿ۣҲں½׹Ӻ·Ƹ¥ʵսȴҪĳƸ¥Ȼܿɻʤʸȥ쳾죬Ķϰ׹ӣ
ֿ飬ξս
ҶЦ뵽ʶĵһŪˣжô֮еĶ֣޿ɱһ㡭ΣҲǶ㲻ģ
仰Ϊ𾪹ȣҶЦֱӽ֮˵˳
ХѩûúԺ˵⣿֮еĶ֣ϴ˵ʲô߶߶ء
ҶЦɫأδȷ߻б
УȴǼѾ϶ԣΪǰ֣ĿϤָķƸ¥ǸȻڣΪ֮Ŀֲ


505 ĹӶ
ռУԾڷܵشֻع֮ǰ˵ö˼ͷ
Ǵ־ͻƶϢöֻһܳɹ
ڷܵҶЦЩʶˡ
⡭⻹ֻèڷܣǱʲô˰ɣ
ӥһ·ɣԲԲĴ۾棬ܡ
ںɱֻ֮عھ˵ĿڴֻҪԼֵ㹻ã˿϶᲻߸衣
һýӥе㣬˶׵ϿҶЦˡ
ʵҶЦղžѾнӸ˽ӥӥоԼʾȻʺϷںɱֻ֮عµԪǿ߻ҪϣȻʳĻȫ״ԽֻعǱصȫգⱾǺ£һֻعȫٴԼڵľΣԼ͵쳾졣
мڴˣӥԥˡ
ӥįô꣬ϿԼԼҲϿˣжѣӥʵ᲻õǰ״̬ôĽһ硣
һһֱôģӥھԲ˿ɣʱͻƣϷƷֱǻģԼֵζ֮󣬽ӥ̬仯ܴ
ҵǣһȥѾ¼£ײٹ¼ţûҪļʹԼĹ¼ŷΧ֮Сǽӥѡ
ڽӥѡ񣬶ʾοȻֻ۾һмһŵŤƨè뿪ƺԽӥںӣʵȴǺܸ˵Ρ
ȻһʵƷ׸ʮǧôһһԼô˵ҲôįǡҪҪ۷壬ͻһʱ򣬽ͷСӥƷȥţ
һΪµʮ֮һ
ǿǶ˵ļĶ顣
־ೣ˵Ǹһ˵õȮ죬С棡
мڴˣ̬ƶԽӥԺǵöүһЩƴʲôҪάڳ̬ƨʱȻĺô
۽磬ӥĳĸ̬ǲмһˣɴųսһڵСʵȻȫǽӥ֣ĳٶȷʵûҪʤӥֻ±ݺݵŰһٵĽⲻ˵ġ
ĳƵѵöԳҶЦ֮֮⣬ԼѾ𽵹رʾˣССҪֻΪС֮ΪСӥȻ飬ǿ벻̣Ҳ̣
ǳĳȻʱı⣺Ժȵҵ۷ٽһʱҲһúôүˡ

ǰĿĵغڰ֮ɭˡѩվڽӥϣָָָ㣺ϴ󣬾˵Ǵһ·ɱȥġԴһս֮ڰ֮ɭԭŵӵ֮أھȻͨĸ߽޶ûˡֱӱˡ
߽ޣ
ҶЦһʱԼȡҩɽĲޡ
Ǻѩ˵Լˡ
ôĸ߼־յĺȲ裬й䣬׳԰׺ȣԼȻûã¶ǴĲ԰
ȻԼܺȺޣжأųƻһ飬ڿռ֮еЩ۽ߣõռÿһλ׶Զյ۽ߡǷ磬׵ĳޣԶȫλ߳׳ĿǶӵмԦȺ֮ܣԼ񲻶һֲƣ
ЩޣһȺ֮䷨ҲǶֵĳǿս
һһʱ侹Ҳ޴Ƹ棬ǵţҲ޲ս㡭
ҶЦ˼ãֻһɳ콣·ֱǹȵɱҶЦȻ˸߿֮ϣҲظܵˡ
оǿսҶЦĿһɱҲ˲ۡ
ʱȵطս˶Ըҵĵλ֮⣬Ҳеڶܡ
ȥ
ҶЦĽӥԴ
ӥ⣬һֱͬһһ㣬ĺڰ֮ɭȥ
ͬʱҶЦʶѽ˿ռ䣬æһͿĶסҩɽռޣܲã
۾ҶЦɶ˼ܲã̫˰ɣѵ˵˾Ҫǰһ˳ˣǵҲҲɷһ
ĳʶ촽ʶܳԿ϶ܳԣǲ֪ЩóԣЩ޲ޣλ׺ޣ̲ЧɲڱУһԣЩóԣЩδش󲹣֮ζǲġ
Ѿĸұ죬֪ԣ˵ܲΪսҶЦһ֪ˣؿڵ
϶ǵĿԵΡźӣЩһﱾǵ˽вƲԶû⣬Ȼû⡭һͷҲʹأ
ҶЦ۾ĿŶǾ֪԰
˵ƴСļһЩһͷʮٱòãôڰֱ׳ȻĽ˼˳ˣ
̹鸹̣ҶЦڶǺͬģһûлɣϾ۽ߵǰ
ãȥкһҪǳʱҸ㣬㽫ǷųޣϯŰƣ˭棡ҶЦ˵
һ˷ܣ˳ĴӦˡ
ҶЦҪ治£ľкһµ£öĵҶЦ˵Ǿ仰ޣϯŰƣ˭棡
Ƽ棬ԼΪ޵ľϴ˧չϷָտɴ
ʱССӥĪźŽԼϴͷС֮λ
ʱԼһҪ̬ܾ֮
˵ͣȻĳĳݱ̫͸ˣʲôڲ١أͳͳ׵ȥˣ𣿶Ǯһأ
κܿͻˡ
ΪЩޣȻԸ
ԭжһҶЦûгҩɽ
ڴɽ޶ԣ㶼ûҩɽʲôϴ󣬱˵ţûУ
öƵǣѹƣﾹȻȻʹ
ôܣûܰ
Ȼ޻ǶԶʾ൱أȴǶԶλ׵أǹغʵʲô£ڸʾ˳ӵģȫûиڳȥսʲôģ̸
СӶ
ѾǰظƣһȻҲܽˡôԣ
Ҳ̫һһү˰ɣ
Ĳ˼飬ͷ黢һ죬黢Ĵöˣ
Сޱȣ뵱Сܣ
Ȼ룡
ɶ񣬸ųʥ̹;Ȼǰδɾ޿бϴң֪𣿡
֪˵Ķԣ
ţɶ˵ɶ֪֪˵Ķԣ
ǰҪǸɶǹأĸųȻλ֮ߣǸ̫߳ˣ
šΪɶҵˣ˵ɣȻǳޣʵҲǵԪƷˮ׼ͨԪƷ磬զҲҵϴأ
ǡղҲ˵ˣ񣬸ųʥ̹;Ȼǰδɾ޿ЩȫδһĹϵעص£֪£ûʵʵĺôǳޣǳޣҰޣ
㣬֮ǰҲ˲СܣҲޣʼնҸָĪвӣɱᣬһѡǵʵδ鳬ףǲ˵ǽףͲᾴηˣ
֪ˣ֮ǰЩСܸǵͬǾףԽ˽缫ޣҲԶСܣǶӵľηûʵǻӸǲܹͬǿѹǻ޼ǿᣬѹ治£ʵʵԶԶ֮ǰǧָָʹǸ£Ǽô˵𣿡
ˣɵˣҲȫˣ
һҩɽȽ˽֪ˣ֪ҩɽڻ֮ϵĳڴ˽һݻԵҩɽϲϢ֮ȻٰԼѹ£˵ڣԼǿǻᣬҲЩһָ֮аɣ
еһĺ£ҿЩʵ͵Ķ鳬ףǴ󿪣ԿԼĸųȻԼԼɽ˵ĹϵԼҪϸȱ۵ģү˳ۣ͵͵үһӣүС⣿
ôްǲʹǸɵûޣͷѵǶңһʱ侹ˣ
ʲôת뵽黢ղᵽһ仰עص£֪£ûʵʵĺôǳ
ûô˵кôҲǿԳΣ
ĵĶʱת˵ʣôȻ׹ǿϳȥæģÿֻһŵƼ鵤˵񵤿ΨУΪΪҲʮΪ
һеĲ۾ʱˢˢ
ȫӦˡ
ȴּҪ󣺽֮ڣֻһΣ
޶۵ģڽֻǳɲ
ƵĴӦ漴ŶǱĴӵĲˡ
ģɶˣ
ζν˰û޵飡
һҪ˵鵤ΪԼάӡ
£򲻸֪
°⡣
ڣҶЦȫ֪ʹ¼ֳôĲۣ˹ãԼӵ޵гޱţԼҲȻ֪ԼոһʷԴ¼
ʷǰϵһιӶ


506 ֣
ŵȥֵ񵤣ÿһţֻҪţͿԹӶһȫˡСצôһӣŵȥ˲֪ٿš
ҩɽĲٳޣ͵öٿţ˵Ȱܼҳ̶ȣʷϾԵ֮Žһǰ޹ˣߣ
ϵ˭棡

ҶЦһʶ뿪޾ռ䣬˲ȴԼǰХ⽣ӰѪĿ
ҵսǰ

˪º˿̾ȥΪΣյʱ̡
Ϊʵ̫˳ˣϸµİţҲҶԤ֮Уÿÿϵмȣǰ׼˪º˳˳ˮɼ졣
ʱ򣬵˵ûüãѾֱɱɢһ·ϵнУȺ߰˲ÿһΣõ˴ԱĽ֮⣬Լһˣûгְˡ
оǣ˪ͨʶӴѾܹȷڻҴĵˣ㳲ҲԶԼʲôвˣžȫԸϹһۣˣ˽ۡ
ͷڶԷһҲ޽ֻƴһ¶ʱȴͻȻðһȺˣ˵ֱ֡
ֻͻȻ⵹ҲʲôҪȴǣһȺˣڣÿһʵߵףһҲеԪƷˮ׼һϰٸ˵ݣһʱγɲʽΧɱ֣ذΧ֮е˪չ޼ϵĿը
仯ʱ˪º˿ǰĿսΧ֮С
һէֵ֮ǰ˺ԵľͲͬһ
ң˴֮Ͳʶμ֯
֮ǰǰһٺӾ㵵оȫԿó
һﲻ֪ļһʵǿᡢڣ˿˪ºֱͺǿ˲ͬɱһ㡭
־ֱӲ÷ܲƴ򷨣ġƴֻһݴʣ˵ǸϧԼԼƤ⡣
ǲϧһҲҪɵɱ¹˪ڳˣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬˪ºԭһо֮еͳɥʧΪ˱Ҷ¹ѩתȫơ
һƣԷҲԽţʽĲʽͺǳբһ㣬ϲһ˸߹һ˵
ղɾã᲻أ˪ºȻȻտ֧ҲԽԽӦά衣
ƣһӱ᧿Σˣ˲̶ͬȵѩ˪ѩŮΪ˱¹ѩ˿̸ѾǻԡѪ
¹ѩҶԼѩ¿νޱȵı
ˣǵ߽֮ʱ涼ûΪ۵ʲôطǺԹǵȫ޷սһֻΪĶ
˵˵˵һ㣬׸
ڵʵǣԷһˣԼǿȥټʮҲǼٱ
˵֮սǵǰ˪ֻȦУһսನŪñˣ⡭ֱǲ˼飡
򣬵ǴôĵԪƷ֣Ҳ˵Ҳôĸ߽ߣǣǵԪƷߣܵΪεģ϶ڽգĺ쳾ӵģһҲ͵ͷˡ
ǰЩȴʵʵΪǿȫ֮ˣ
ô˾Ī
Χ֮ѳɣټһѾһٸɵǣһòƴΪ׵ĺɭɭĳ
Щ˵״˿˵
ڴ֮ǰɱŭûУ
ǵʲôˣ˪˼Ȼսͷɢɫ԰ףϵĸǿսѾ;ƿˣȴڷ
˪֪ԼܷһԼһǽͬҪͬҶһ·ʵϣԼö֮ίʵ˫乥Ҳظȣ֧ˣǻˣȻʵ˪ŮǿԹҪ
ˣ˪Ѿ򣬽֮Ѿע޷⣬Բ׷ʶԷ׹֪Լһ˵ںηʥ֣֮
кʼһԲ˸źȺһĲпâֻһζĳĬӽ˵ƺֻ࣬һȺɱ˵Ļ
ҪҪҪλҪƸ
ΨһҪģֻɱˣ
ֻɱˣ
˪ǽòû˿ɱҪˣڣѾע޷񣬴磬öԲס㣡
˪º˴˶һۣǴӶԷп˾Ȼ־
ͨ˴֮£ö˫ͬʱڿǰҵսУŶԷǵĽԾڿкХ˸
һȦһȦǰ޴ܣڿ
ҪǿһȻһһĴȣǶоóֻҪ˪º˴˿һ̶ȣһǿֲͬھ֮Уͻἴʱ
ȻȥǸزλֻռһڳܹģ²࣡
Ͼǿ䷨۷ֵռڵģһμޱ
Щˣ߲ȴԾɲϣǸʽȥϾѾռȫƣʤƣú˪÷һУ͵ͬǵʧܣ
еĺˣһ̵Ĺȫ˵̬Ƴ彫ȥԼѪֽ֣ţΪۣ߾ȫ˪ºĿ
һһεһ˪ºǲϵѪԼظоԼ治ԪԭѾ۳ͣһռһܣҲڲϵر
˴֮䲻ļɾ룬˿̾Ȼˮǧɽһ㣬ٲά裬Կ
˵жһ˿Ȼ
벻ȻĹľһ޷ѵǽöˣֻôķʽ
ܽʮλƷԪ־ʩչһ֮֮ⲻ˵һ©
˪ºƴһȻԭһҶȡһγ飬ܹΪ©֮㣡
ΪԷһУ书һ۵ıɱһУȴѾγɡ
һ֮󣬾Ǵս̡֮
ºߵطһɫХ
ȻΣͷ٣һֺͻȻƺһȻ
ô֣ðҲմ֣
漴һͻĺ嫵⣬ͺǴӾ֮ϣͻȻ˼ǳޱȵֱн⽣γɵľ
һͰԵ˪ºȳ֣ȻҲƽ
һʵڹͻأҸܸɴؽһλԪƷֱӷ˰˿飻һٺʮλǺϻ¹˪ļ˳ܽʮλϮĸ֣Ϥˣ
ǺεȾ춯صһ
ҲǱ¶֮ݵһ
ܹһģֻһˣ
Ǵ˵Ļϵµһ䷨ҲܷͰԵľһ
ﵶն£ǳ
һк졣

λʷϣѾȷ˵ľߣ
쵶
䷨ѩһ򳬽ǿڴ˵Ļһ֮Աǣ
ȷʵһߣӹɣսۣĺ쵶϶Ϸղһ޷ȡ˹ս
ղһ̺򳬽ǿߵܣǽԪ۷εġ΢һ֮Уһ֮׻˳ʮԪƷֵǺ
һͻƣʾ˳ߵĸΣԼѾ΢֮ʵ˶΢֮۷ǳֻǳѣһֹһܸɵʮϣ
кǿͻƣɣޡ΢֮ϸ΢νǴİܱʣ
˵صûǰ򳬽ǿڳ
ղŵһѾסڳˣ
һҪǼ󼫴ס
ڳ⣬Ϥص˪ºҵĴϢţ֧ӣһ̣˵Ŀ⣬⣬ȫ򷢳ķ
Уǳ˾ɲԼ־塣
һģǲλĺ쵶
ֻ޾İĴУһƬӰ֮£һ׳ӰһͺһѾӰ˽£
һѿѴĿĵĺ񱳳ô⿸˵ļϣңڳˣȻһˬĿЦλ˭ϵ𣿡
֮µʱһ
ûмˣڿһĻ֮ǿκ񱳳һ۾ϳǴ˵֮УѾ˵ģΨһо

쵶
쵶һֱɭɭͬưһΪ׺ˣ״ؽ˳㲻Ѿ𣿡
ˣ۾ŭȫҶˣ

һʱ価


507 һ򵱹
λ쵶ⲻ٣䣬ȴϵ飬²֮һֺ쳾˿ɣ봫˵˵ķȱ֮ǰ˵֮еĺȣȫһأ
òơòе㶺󣿣
Ҫ˵ǰէֵ˪ºȴǳ˾ϲľϲ
Ϊ۷֣֮һ¹ĳϣѰ鲻ǣԾ֪ЦҶЦĹϵ
ҶЦΪ˸һŭ֮žսΪĽ֡
֮ǰҶЦʱҶЦҲᵽؼ飬˪ãǴֵܣԼ죬ڵ󣬲ʧ֮
էȻ֣һɱ֣콵ǡ
磡ЦҶЦСã˪ϲĽ˪º¹˪
£ڴ֮ǰǿ˪ԴҲ򲻻˵ڵġ
˸˪˵ΣʱҲǻȵģ˪һΪ𣬲ɱƽͷߺޣ
ڣȴȫͬ
˪ÿԲԼҶЦĸĸͬܵΧΣڵϦ
ǰᣬ˼ɣ¹˪ŮȴѾܱҶ򸾣βԸԾֻȡ
Ȼˣ˪ﻹһ֪˵ǸõѣҲǵĸ磻Σȣ쾭壬ʲôɶ˵ģ
˼ŮԼȣֱ׳Ӧ
ҶЦãһ£УЦʲôã
ԼҶЦطΪֹҲûãҶЦнԼΪȫ֪ˣҶЦòҲûõ˵ɣ
ǰʱ䣬֮ȷʵйһ˵ҶҼ¹˪ȷʵԳѹЦá
Ҳ֪ʱҶҼġҶҶЦԼƽֿѣЦҶЦ
仰˵¹˪˵仰ʱʵЦߣνҶЦǱʾϿɵģ
˶Ͽɵ飬ͲǴ˵ʵݸġ
ͬһ֮󣬵һʱеķҡ
ҿԼһҿԼһɱ֣ҪȻǿҪ¡
Ҫ̬չȲ˵ʲôĿȥҶЦֻԼضȥ
ԱߣȻǺһ֮һɳƵЦԭ¹˪ȻҲ˵ЦЦʲôã֪ЦȻʱ޶֤ȴԲѵԳãҪƭȡǿԮ𣡣쵶ˮȡһ¹˪ʵ˳䣡쵶Ϊ·ƽεȴôŪ
û˪˵һȻŭâǻԣ̤߽©ƨô˵˭ˣأȫҶˣϾˣ
ԲһȻ
Ҹղ˵ĶǺûԼ˵ղŵһ²ֻ֣Ҫ㲻ٱŪˣ˵ѾǸ㵶ӣҶЦ˶֪顣һôһ˵Ϊж˫Ҹղŷֻ˵Ц䡱û˵ˡǡ군ˡѾǺܿ˵˵˺òã
λؾôȻŭ˵ʲôԲ˵ĻƵģѲѲûԴ˲ɣ
ȴ̤ƽƾͬʮɽһѹ˹һ㣬ǷۻͣҲǸо޷⣬ʶһ
Ȼͼһ׾Թ϶һؽ˰ΧȦ֮Уվ˪ǰһᣬЦҶЦãӵã˵ʲôˣ۸ӵãϽӵ²֮
γɺΧ֮ƣϹһٶλˣǳҴ֣ԼЩصĺˣȻ
ѵ⵶ԴˣҪôܹôƭأ
Ҳ˵¹˪ǲЦҶЦã֮䣻ֻ˵ҶЦôʱڰԳҶЦõ¹˪ȴûΪҶЦνáʵͺֵȶ
˵ˣҶЦãǲҲӦȾһ֤ȷϰɣôԷһ˵ͼʱˣ
Ҳ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ҪԴˣô͵ͨأ
˶Դ˶ʾȦ
˪ºȴһƬůѣûн
ʱ㣬Ȼ˵飬ȴδ֪ˣἰСʱ飬ҲԽ¹˪ʧٵֱϵϾǴط֮û绹Ǻ޳ɣֱӾϿǵݣӣ
˪ãڴ˿̣һԼ˵Ĵ磬ҶЦ֮⣬ֶһ
˺֮Ե־棬԰ͷ£Ҳʣ˪Ů־ˣʶ˿˫ʶ㲻ϣȴѾദټõˣ
֪֪˽֮µҶЦ᲻еСԴףýύҲ̫˰ɣ
Ѿͷô˶ˣЩķۣ򲻹ӰһʲôҿɲţƾЩ˸ܹסͻΧܹ׷ǣõôôɵôԽ
˪ԿЦãȴֲֻͣõ⣬˱ܲãΨս
ĵʹ˸ɫ
״һ漴˼ʵǼ˭Ҷ죬һΨһӡ
λҶҼҶҶߵģ¹ǰʥŮ¹ѩǴеĿģǻǷ޻طҶҡ˪΢Цôӣ
ΡԭҡһĶͷӲڶġҶʻ˶ȥ
ԼҶЦֵܣôҶЦĸףȻҲԼĲ
ֻǺʶԼҪĸҽҶ˵Ļƶò˷Щ˶ˡҶԼȥ
ĺ쵶ԼҶ
Ҷ첻𾪵౬ѣŹ֡
ͷֹһҿҷӦ졣
¹˪ͬʱ˰ۣ㻹Ӧ죿ƨ
Ƕ˵ôˣȻһǡΣԭҵġʲôǸɵ
ɵ֪֪ʲôԲǰս֣Ҷ᲻Ѿʲôɲ֪ҶͷŷּʶжԵΪʵ䷨ƶǵСĻҶֻ֡ü
֮ܶ˭۸ǣҾõǵǰص㣡ŭһǰָŭһں˵ʶĸϽǼʬǵİ
֮УΪ׵һȻʵҪԣӲҪֽ֮ս
´һˣ˵ҿһôеϤءⲻʵϻͿԿ̲ߣ̸͡Ը㣬϶ûɶѶȡ
˻ͷ˿ŭһֵããã쵶ȻѾҲν˵ղֻǲ֦ڣʣǱȭͷ˵ɣԸ¹˪ôʱټһҲǶһ顣
˶٣ʵȻ޳ò״ӱĽ֮бͻν֮ңȴҪǿͷýս֣עҲûǳŻкŸĻˣ
أӥһѵ治ÿϧ𣿲òֵͿˣҸһŴֻҪŤͷߣǸղ˶Ծɿȥ𣬴Ҿ͵ûмô
ô治ôҡҡͷüͷʵҸղֻǾ̲ߣ̲ߣڿһ׾ûУҲûаûöҽиզͼֻأɼΪ㣡УһִģﶼǼ˵⡭Ȼˣǰʲôȥ࣬˷ԼҲ˷ѱ˵ʱ䣬ͬΪ㡭
´λˣʵ벻ףôӣôҲܸеͷͷԴóʲô̶ȣȻѡ㵱ָӣѵӦǾ´ʡü
λԾûκα仯Ȼˣˡ
ʲôˣŪ˵˵үˣȻף̶̼ɵ棡
λеıԽԽŨͬҲڻبűɽĶһۣһ֣ȵɱ
Ҳ˵ڶ֡
ֻһɾ
ܺˡ䡱һͬʱ
ЦŶѵãԾٽһԣȻǽɱƾľǵΪɲű˿˾ͣǶƵߴߴᣬੲݣǿҪõΡ
һķХնأԹЦСӣҪǼӵ仰һܽҴӵԺٻеϢ


508 ֮

һĽĳҰʽǿейĵ
ٷнӵʮˣ⣬ͬ׵һ㣬ĺˣڴȻǱ޴Ѫֱѿڣ
ԵƥٸǿڵֲһʱײˣϤ˸ƿ
иһһΪĵܵΪۻ룬Ȼһֱӷ˳ȥѪ۵˳
ȻǱڸ˲ᡣ
ⲵ󣬴Сģ
һ侲˵
С𣡡һȣԴ̤ǰг󿪴ϣһһѩĵ⣬γһǵһϣ
ȻʵʤȻڸղŶײ֮УҲܣϾһȺԪƷߣڣȻԴȴȫȻںأԷȣСѾͷˣϽָֻҪûеȥͲ۾κˣ˲һеκһˣ
У̺ױȵţԶԻͬģ׳ӰһƬ谵ĴУͬ·һ٣ݣ֮
ֻǵƾ۵Ƶǿһʱ䲢κһˣһ֮
һ򵱹أĪ
һڴˣ۹
˪º˼֪˼ȫΪȡظʱᡣ
ʱֻǻָһж֮δزת
Ѿӽ;ƿݵıԵȷʵҪ˹˻ָʵĻᡣ
ŮԴӿռָȡҶЦ͵ö鵤ԻԪģָ֣ææһȥǰʵǱΧûʱĵزȻõҩЩ΢϶Ҳ
˵䵤ҩö鵤ʵȴڼΪҺлУŮ˹ҩȴѸһůȻӵ
һ̣ů糤բһ㣬ϲתΪѸٽɺԵгֱӯƣ˳ȻĪ˲ʱתȫԴ˱仯˪Ů¾㶼ǶȻһ
ǰɣһŷ鵤òáţȻԭѾӽ;ƿݵ״̬˳ƻָһϵʵ
ⵤҩȻ˹е㲻ʵ˰ɣ
Ҫ˵ҩȷʵ棬ȴܻ֮УŮӱͻޱȣֻҪлĿյָ£Ƿµ鵤רԻָĵƼ鵤һţϱ̲صԪдЧ⣡
Ůڳ˶֪˭뵽ŮϾȻд˵еĵ񵤣ҪרԻָԪģһԳţҲҸݳһ㣿
ȴŮʣɰԼȻɲǼȫת죬Ԫ޾Ȼѽӽȫ״̬µ˿ڣҲ𽥵Ȭ
˹ЧβߺȻ
ͦǰͺƳɽͭǽһ㣬Ȼ飬糱һ˸߹һˣǿսҪ˵ΧŸ
ǰﲻ֪ðĺˣΪһһǿ溷η伫ˮкһ޿ײ롣
ǰ벽ˡ
ÿһÿһʯ쾪ѵ֮
ⱬ䣬һһӦѪɣһΣԷ˳˳һƴһ˱һõɳȥ
ܶԷжô仯ζˣֻһȻ
һʮᣬ͵òҪ
˵ƴȻҰʵȴۺһѧһĵ
У΢֮裡
΢֮ǿеı־Ȼÿһ΢֮Ĳȴͬ߹۲΢ϸ΢߳Ȼ΢߰Ե΢
ҶЦ΢֮Ĵ֮ѱںϻڵ෴֮࣬ϸ˼Լ΢֮һʲôӣ
ҶЦἰ΢ּ֮ڿƶԷʵڣ˵ʤַʽȻͬҲ⣬ȴʵзǺʺԼԼĵ·ߵǳ۰Ե԰ɱʤ
ҶЦ˵·ȴǹϸ壬Լвοֵȴհᣬڻ֮࣬ȻΪ΢֮ޣ
Ȼǰһսһȴһ仯ǧΨԼԼߵĴʺϱ˵΢֮ȴδʺԼ
мڴˣԼ΢֮
һϵ΢֮ڹ۲졢ڶϤڶϤƵͬʱڡСĵУѭɱ֮;۵ǹΪɵṦԼĵУԼȻԼ΢ֲ֮㣬Ե㣬ֻÿһһԡС֣ٳ˫ıȻƴԾɱְɱĻ·ӣǿʤܣò˵΢֮ȷʵǱ棬Ĳã
ʱ˿̣ǽֱȻе΢Եʩչ쾡£ң
ǰİٶ˾֮ǰδֵģѣһʶλоķ֮󣬾̾ʢ֮²ʿʤ
˶һָоλо纣Ĺ֮ǰ޵еģսʤĴڣ
ݺأֵܹ
˷ÿһҵײ֮ʱԿ϶Բܶһ޶ԣʵĽȴǣϰλԪƷֵǺΧʼմ粽ˣͦɽ
һϺȣⱬ䣬ǰȻһضң棡
һٶ˱ı֮ȵıƶʹֻӲƴ
һζӲƴ
ڰЩСģֱӱƷӰ٣һЩ󡢷ģ𲻵Чѱһɣ
һʱ䣬һλսεػסˣڳˣ˶һ֪
ֻҪҪɱҶˣ޿ܣ
ʮһ飬չʽΪ׵ĺ߳ŭȫΪԹҵҪǲò꣡
Цɣ˸ǣҿһĹӵȰȫɱ⡱
ɲǼоǵâ䣡
һȴΪֹ׳ĴΧ޲ƣͬʱһһѪӹһ˿졣
Լ֪Լ£ԼŶԷϹһٶλԪƷֵΧбҪػĿ꣬Ȼ壬ҲڶƴˣԼǰԼ΢֮Ե΢޵УѾԷʮնڵ£Լϵƣʵᡣ
ԷıսԣԵĲʽӲƴƣԼչԺģԼ֮ǰƽѼȻҪıսԣΪܵɱ˵ˣ
Ǿþ֮ˣ뷨ûϧһ㣬ղŵƣּ΢֮ɱ֮һתΪΧ޲𹥻ȻƹΧʵȴǼ޵֮ܣҲһɱ֮ɢݣͷγɵķ˷֮ǰǵԶԵԪƷǿγвһٳ˶ԷĲʽģʽĳͣԼҪԸľ棡
мңղһƫսֳƫģٶȵսԣ·תרעɱһ·ʱԷĵһֹƣ糱ˮӿϣ뷢ţһ쳤ХȻȻγһٲ
һƴ֮࣬ѪŨһ㼱ɢȴԷֵʮ֮˱ֱӣҲϤˣһ֮˹
νƽǵǰܷǿɱͬСɣ
϶ˣܷӳܴҲôˣղŵһХԼ֮⣬˪ˣѾͷЩҪֲ֧סˡ
ͬһʱ䣬˪ºŮԼͬ۾䡣
ͬʱ̤ǰһ˫ͬܽ˷Ĺһȫ˺벽ƶ˪ºϢһѪڵϡ
ԷʮλԪƷǳУ֮󣬼ҲӦά裬ڽ߾ȫشԷ֮࣬վ൱ĴˣҲ޼ǸϽ˫ֵϢ״̬֮С
һиʱоԼ·Ҫɢ˼һ㣬ղŲǧǵǿƶײϴֻ֧飬ˡ
˪æ֮УӹһСƿ棬ŵ񵤡
˳ֽӹֱƿһͬྐྵһ㣬ƿҧأҩȥѵƿƬͬƤһз˳
㶯Ҳȫ̫żƿƬҲ䷢µĵؽ磡
ȴԾٱļһͻȻҽһѪ磬ѵƿȥȴԼ൱ܣ˵ıֱҶϣ
˭Ҳ뵽ѪӡжȻҲʹðڸûκ֮£ʱУֱ类ʹһ㡣
˪º˫赣΢֪ȻȽùһԼΧ֮ڣâɱ֮Уıʬ塣
Ȫ֪Ҫĵ׵ʹˣ
ûܹ뵽콵ͻȻ٣ͬûܹ뵽˪ºȻôĻָսҵǰսָǷδָȫҲָ߰˳ɣ
˶Դ˽ĵ죻һغ˹Ȼűɱǰһ֪ͬһ˪ߣôԺ鷳ɾʹˡ
ԣȻ˴֮زʶ˵ȫȻزʶҲδء
ŵ˶ЩȷʵزʶġԷȴ֪ŵġ
Իָ״̬˪ãһζǿֻͽģͬʱһ֣ʱȥڶݵĴϢ֮Уİ˴һѸٴ˵ǰսԺ
ҵĿҲǶԷĿģ˵ĵ˾ǵѡ
οڴʱ˿̣Ѿ˹ͬΧ˵ʵ
ĺɱ߸ˣǴ󹦸ɣ
˫Ѹγ˹ʶһһңγһΪܵİΧȦۿһӲҵɱҪչ
˴ս֮ǰͬǰ˪ΪҶսԲõõռȻͷöǿս̫ϳԳ֣Ҳδܰؾ棬ǺһͻȻ룬սọ̈̄ҲΪڴˣŵսû߽⣬ʮλ߽սĺݱﵽһʮλԪƷϸֵݣսǶԸ˪ҲǺ㹻ġ
ҶԷȻƣҶ¹ѩͻΧ·
֮£ӪһѵıΧɡ
һǣĻֻΧеκһҲѾԷͻΧȥˡ
һΣսԾɿһٽɱֵĪ
ΪڴˣҲҶĸ˲ҵɱ֮ΪֹԾֻ˲ĸԭ򡣷򣬲˪ܣ֮䣬пյĹ֮£ĸ˿ͱľʬ壡һˣ˾ˣ
˪β׸йϣҶҶЦĸ˱ѡֻսף
Σ˲˭ȻؿҶЦĸĸԼǰɱôȻԼͻΧԴһӣʲôĿȥҶЦ
սף
˪໥һۣȻֻǳᣬȴ˲˶Է⡣
Ȼûнѡ˪š
ѾͷҲҶЦã
˫ڴ˿̶Ѿ¶սľġ
ؽһȫ渲𣬲Ϊˣ
ʱ٣
ͻȻһӥ졣
һӥͬһէȻ˲ľ磬١
Ŀ绮ա
ᣡ
漴һãŴĿĺâȻ˵˫мһѾµİشϡ
⡣
һöơ
棬һգƮɷǺÿ
ǿϣһֻƵӣָֻ߬δϣ¶λãλ֮ϣȻһ̫һ
ͬģ£
£
Ȼֻһͻ֣ڴ˿̣ȴ˾µơ
˫էʶغһ
棬ŵĺ˼ǿĪƣ¶޷ŵľɫͺƼ˹һ㣬˪ºȴǲһҪƲסԼˣǺܲмƲƲ죬Ȼȴεο
££
ƣǾ
ЦҶЦݺµ
Ц
ΥƣȻǧһʱ̣
֪ЦҶЦѾˣôһöƣǴӺζ
ôˣ˭


509 ֮
Ȼܶ˶뵽ˣ֪ͬ˵ĺ쵶УҪҶЦ֮ǰأ񻹲ֳˣôЦҶЦƺҲǶԽܵɣ
ֻǣǰһĺˣԸʵȻҶЦûսֵĽֻ»Ϊд
ԣ˵Ŀ⣬ſмĿȥ
ͷһĽ⣬ͻȻ˸һ¡
ңⷽԲ֮ڣеĴͬһʱ䣬ԴӴڵϰϤ˳ȥ
һĿȻڱ˲յĴ
һѽЩգȻһ˿ҶҲû¡
ϣֻʣһ˶ߵ׮Ĭԭء
ڰ֮ɭƺһ˲ʧˣһӾΥƣ˵ͷ
һĺܣڳ˶ǲһ
һһںĻ£ֹ۵ĹƣҲжʮ˼ʱڷ
һȴûôȥն
ʲôڿţأ
ȻһȷʵѾڳÿһ˵ĺĥ
һŴ̹ǵĺ磬ıԶűԭϣһɶص쫷磡
һ̣һʵ˵ϴΪ㿪·ˡ
кԾڵһʱ䵹һֱԼĻһλǴǿߣܹ춯һľǿߣȻֻΪˡϴ󣬿·
⡭λϴ˭ˣȻ˵ų
Ҳݳޣٿһ㣿
һ仰ȻһӰ
һϮѩһعױ
ӢϣͬزĺƮƮհɾ
˼Ȼֻô򵥵վţǷݺ̫һĹ⻪ƺȻɢ
ϰʤѩг˪ٷԨsŲƣ
ˣǺͣ˼㣬ѩҲ
ѩһγҲǱĿԭòϱ仯һ£ϾҶҶҼѩġ
ѩһ˧˼µװͣƮУ䡣
Ƕ񷣬ݾ绪
ڿĳ˵ǳеɵһɺˣһߵˣ˪º˶Ƥ
ѩ˶а
߶ûˣ۵öûˣȻ˼װơ
˼ֱ޲ֱӳȥһﾾȭ
רŴۿգԼ͵ȵĵط
ѾװƣѾǲ
ѾƯͷèۣз죬ЬԺôװ棡
źѩĿ䣬ּһӰȻȴͬһһ
˴Լʮͣݣӣһ˫۾ţȴںâ
Ļ֮һ˼ûпɱԣۼ˵ƣȴҲͬûпɱԡ
Ϊںһһʵһ̣һɾµͬʱ֣
£棬нֹΥ
Ŀӵ֮Ѹɨڳеĺˣ˫֣ʩʩȻһһʮû˵ļһһҲˣ
һ㶣ԺƼ˹һľе
ЦҶЦ
Ȼ
ôţ
⡭
ڳеĺˣŵǺһ֯˾оԼһ˲׹ޱ֮С
ôǸʲôӣ
Ų壬Ԥ¹˪ȴͻƣọ̈̄Ȼһ˵ǳս֣Ťתƣ˪ñҪˡ
ɾʱȷ֤ʵĵֳ徣ǧ֮ǿս֣ѾеʤֵǣʵʵȻȴк쵶Ҫӿֲ£ս൱ʧ
ҲͰˡ
ʵʤŵ¹˪֣ʵԾԶѷ˷οǻвսֻһζĶ̴ںֻҪĺŬŬӰѾ£
ۿ¹˪ǿҲҪ˵ʱ򣬶ԷòǿԮĺͺѩȻһչֳͬʤеս֣ܳսȻҲܳϣܻ֮У
ǡؿ屬ըЦһò˾ȻҲ
ôʲô
ղŵһöȻЦ˷ģ
ȻҲ֤ʵģʽش֮£û˵ۿʬ壬ҲʲôԵɺϣѲأഫ˵ʵͻ޵ĳţֻҪ㹻ˣû׼˼㹻أ
ЦҶЦĵɲͨϵǿǺ֣ը𣬱׼ٲκνأ
ɾȷϣòˣ˼ˣһĵξȴʵУʵʵĳˡ
ҶЦЦڵӳϣҲԼݣһĽܣҷۿ㱻ֺɱ飬ġ
ҶЦ˵۾Ϲˣֻ˵۾Ϲˣ
仰
˵һ
ǶϹˣҲֲ
磡˪ºؽгŮȴһͷǰòǴ統ıĿ˼ʿмֵСؤӰӡֻǣòϡ࣬ҶЦҶӵ󣬿ǲ̫Զˣ
һϣһ£ȫûпɱԡ
ڵҶӣʵѹӣꣻЦȻʮ㣬״ȴίʵ̫ƽһЩ
˵ƽѾأֻ˵˵ϾЦƵƤȻߴȴһĹǼӣ滹һ·֪׳֡ôô
Ůʶ졭
ҿЦӵӣ򡭡ݣֻϱѡҲ֪ӦôģѵǱģȻῴ⸱ݡ
ɩҲǲףԴǿ氮
һɺڣΪ׵˵˼ʼȻЦ˳棬ô֮¾ʹգߣ
˵һ֣ʮλһתȻǴʹ뿪ı
λڵǰ¿ú
Ǳֵǰս˪º޷ƶͻΧûлص£ֻҪ֮һɵ˲Ϊѡ
Ȼ죬Цˡ
ЦȻֻԮһЦһͣȴѾڽԷʵһ˵ʵȻҪȴеʵǿ࣬˵ģ͵ͺѩһ¶һ֣ԼЩ֮УʵǿԼڣûκ˿õ
֮ڵսҲѾǰ۷ΡЦҲƣһʵôǰľɾͲһ浹ڣۺʵȴδռţǱߵҲδֹۡ
ֻҪһЦ쵶֣ԾµƣҪټ˪ºõ֮һʵƲСĺѩ
ԶԷǰǿݣԼȻ࣬ȴƾ֮Ʋ֮ԿսȥԼЩֻȫȥҲδֵܹ˺ô
һԼ߱ԷһָƣȫΣա
ȻƲǰ;ݣϳˣɲǵǰѡ
ߣҶЦһҶ˻ԡѪ˪ºϸ˺ۣŭѾڰǧɣ
ҵֵܽãҵĵɱ˶Զ㣬ȴôƨɵһ֮ǵҶЦʲôˣ
ô˵𣿣
˵ôҶЦһЦɭȻ
ôѵЦ˾ҪȫϤﲻ𣿡
Ϊ׵ĺ˼ڽ˵ЦˣҶЦȻսǿᣬսƴǿ϶Ƕ֣ȻɱҲֻ·һЩһҪߣͻƣȫˣֻ»ʲô°ɣ
Ҫ£һԡǺһɭɭĿĲ˵Щƴһ֮еᡢһ·мְգһֱⱣǼˣעҪΪҵᣬһҲȥ
˵ȥδӣ·ȰЦˣ¿˵һպź˵𣿡Ȼ˲˵ȴʵ
ҶЦ뺮ѩǵ֮󣬵ǰƼʱ죬ҶЦһԾδȡѹԵơ
ڣܹƴսսȻȫûڶԷ֮£ҶЦѩ˪ºǿ֣ҲٵñԷƴˡ
ϾԷҲǼ仪ģȫʵʵĵԪƷɣҶЦжϳԷһ˵ʵչƷ֮£ĳݣƴˣȷʵȫ


510 һҲŹ
ңԷһ仰ȴҲû˵ҶЦһʵǲѣҪȫֹǷɢߣȴ޿ܣڳ֮ʱһ˵ľ󲿷֣ȴһ԰Ȼȥȫ˵ġ
ⷬ˪ºڶԷ˵ҲҪʾϿɡ
ؼģҶЦһУھɱĻԷһе·Ȼչ˵ķˣɴķɣҲҶЦ޷Ǿ˵Ҷ򸾵ˣȴֺܵҲֻ΢Ĳţͻ޿صź
ԶԵǰԣκȺ˲Ƿ˫Ȩ֮ߣ
ҶЦڿЩ˵ʱеɻһء
ǷƸ¥
λݣôôƽĸݡҶЦûȻǸţܹݸǿģǡҲǲβ룻ƽܹ
ǡԷȴеһٶ˶ͬһˮƽϣ
ңֻ¶ɽ֮һǡ
Ӳܷȥ
ҶЦɫԱ䣬ЦôȻҪԡôǾһԣ
һ֣ȵ˪½أºȥ潻㣬ѩ㸺棬׼κһˣҾвӦҪ֮ȫɱ
˪ºȻҶЦİдǣȴҲ֪ʱ˵ɫ˿ɣӦһչѸռĸλ
Ŀ۽мλáָЦҶ¹ѩг˸мȻˣЦ˼ңȻû
Լ޶ʮǰǳЦӦĶ󣬺񳯵ۣʱգȴһαЦȣ
жһƬ
ЩķԼǰһһĽ֣һĸ֡
ԼͺǼ֤һʷ
Ц쵶
ֻһƬܸм֮У˼ϸҶҲ֪أĪطһֵֺĸоƺλЦԼĸоϤ
Ϥˡеĵز
ָо˵ȫǺʵڣʵ飡
Ϊγ˼ҵľ֮в˼׽ĴɡҶʲôɫĪ˵֮ǰûмЦݵλҲֱݸ۽ôôϤء
Ҷ˼ǧ
ҶЦԴѹûпҶ¹ѩɨйǲ룬ǲҡ
Ϊ£һԼҶӴĻֻºеĸ顣
ҶЦΪԼĸҶ죬ξһʵУҶ첻ҶЦĸףҲЦĸףһ׷ʲôߡ
ǣԼɾˡ
ȻԼѾϿңϿһԸĸ˵ףԼʼռ˼ӵ塭
һʵҶ¹ѩ֪ˣĸαزۣǾһɳܵĴ
޷֮أ
ҶЦ¶һУǲ¶˿˿
ֻװһĮᣬȫ̱ǡ
ȻĵȴʼһԴĵ׵ԼԼ嶯

档
Ϊ׵ĺ˿֮ɫδȡԲãһֺȤ̬ҶЦűۼˣͷķվλãŹЦЦ£ʸڸǿЦ
ǺдһʣҶЦ㲼ս죡
ȻҶЦ˵սƥУӵȫݻһں˵ʵҲҪʵսսòãϾ˫ʵʵδȥһ浹ѹԲ࣬ҶЦ㲼ãǵֳսɢֱı׶ˣܸԷɷͷƵ
˪Ϊγɵս֮ɹۣҪںѩҶЦ֮ϣһֿҲǵԪ۷ˮ׼δǿ֮УǺͬͷ£ԲסҶˣȫǿ˪һˣп˲ʱɱ֮˪һƣһҲ浽Ǹز˫ۺʵͻִתʱҪıģֻ¾ҪҶЦһˣ
ڳ˾ûв׵ģΪ׵ĺ˲дһʣ
ɣҶЦǲӲʵԴ˸һȫ˻ᣡ
ҶЦ¶һͬȤĹЦݣЦ񡭡ǺǣϾͻ֪
ͬʱһӰȻ˲ʱӰ١
һ̡
𣡡
𣡡
ء
䡭
ɳɳɳ
ָڴ֮Ȼ
ڳ˾мңΣӦԶʤˣʱеԾתͷȥʱ뵹һ
ʮʮɳˮһϸѩƬĴߣͷһֻѾҪɵĽɫΪۣһųӣһ߻ζѽȥ·׶ס
ӽԵ۽ôôࣿôܣһ˼״
۽ǳôҲǰƷ۷ޣԪƷ۷֣ص㣬ҪǣЩƬ᲻ɴݣǹ룬ˮˣȲҲ¾񹥻
νǳ⣬ֻҪǲ˼ͷĽڣЩ߼ǴĴڡ
һ۽ѾѲѼοǵǰʮ
ʣʮ̾һ𣬻ҪúַʽȥͷϵĽأ
ⲻܣһɫ׵λ׵һҲĸΨҶĻɫһ֣ҲָʹȻʮȺ£ȴҲȻһ߶棬ߵϡ
ôǵûкСܸ棬ôŽ᣿˴˺Ӧ⡭ʷϣûмô£
УЩ۽ԳǰζųмλûУһɫڵ졭
һ˫˫۾ͶһӼı䣬Ȼûаڿöĸ飬ֻлɱ¾
ңһѪ˷ܡϴ˵ˣֻҪƴɱУЩöЩóԵĹӣԷһǡ
ֻǷһ㣬Ѿ㹻ȫ弴̽װ
ϵڱ°
ʵ̫˷ˣһˮˡ
ϣȻʷϴûֹǹؼʱ̣ȱ֤Լǰ;˵ˣϡ֮⣬Եʵ㹻֮˵
ͻȺĺһ¶Ծ֮ɫô۽ע޷Уֻкˡ
Ψһһںֵҵǣ۽ȻսףˣȴҲһȱ㣬ٶȲ죬ƶٶȻǹٶȶ죬ڵԪƷǰȫֻҪܿȺֲȺ֮δ޷
һ˵ȻֻǺ˼һŭ
ͻͬɽһ㣬ӯӵıŭߺޣƺ˵ݣ񲻺õĻ쵰ȻֻЩߣѵǻЩô
ѭһ
һɲҪɵһðͷϻƶСĺ飬
ҵĸԹԡ
ĲݴУȻһƬư쵵Դ¶漴һȺֻǴڴ˵֮еľޣжʮͷĹģˢˢվ
Щޣͨ嶼ŽɫĹʣͷſֱֲǳǣڶͷγһֲ֣
ǻ쵵ĽɫëƤ۾ײ⣬ңԼЩˡ
Ȼв¶ʮͷʹó˺ŵľ޻
ֻǡϣôô˶޵ϻ
ЩϻÿһͷʮɳÿһͷҲмǧķ
ϾȻôϻ
էһҪĳ嶯⡭ĪǴ˵֮еĳ޻ƽɣ
һˣÿһǶҪˡ
˵еĻƽǳޣʵֲ֮Ԫǿ߱ȼ磡
⻹ֲģֲǣӵͭƤǵǽղˡ
ңбȶЩ۽߸Ƶĵطٶȣ۽ǰĶٻ
۽֮һɺ˵ˣߣ޻ƽǵĵһ뷨Ѿˣ
ǣھ;òƻе磬˵ʲôܹ˸ǾͰѡĸʵ֮棬ȻҲ͸ˣ
ڻƽƬ֮һϷ
ǱߣȻһЩһʾԼĲһǺܲͷĲ
ǲҪעЩСϻЩСߺòãôȻǺأ
Ȳ˵ƲƵʲôģһǸǵĹΪ϶ֳŵô죡
ֱǲˡ
мڴˣıӶ߷׷׳ʾԼڳ
ٶѭȥ
Բۣ
һΪȣһƨɶ˵ϣҲòȥһ𾪵üͷ͹˳ȥ


511 ȺŹ
ģһȺë߰ɳľǣӯ㳾ˣαƽԭٶʲôЩóٶȣ޴Ĺϵγ̫ĶѸٲЩнĹУ˵ĵط
֮ǰѩһݺᣬڻսľϤգֻʣһ˶ߵ׮ھǵн̣㳾Щ׮ϣһһ˶˺ϱôֵľ޴׮ͷǵһ̤ϣǾ޴צӲ׮棬һֱӲȵ÷飬ķѵһֱ쵽˵֮¡
ͷһ̤֮࣬Աԭ״ĳǰղŵһĻҲ½ȺϷ;ƴ׮൱٣׮ͬһˣϤ顭
Ⱥȫ;Ŀ˸͵ĹâͷεЩˡ
ζ
Եζ
ǺóʱûгԵôʵˣȻȫΪ׵ߣԿˡ
Ϸûоޡ
Խ˱һϣȥȴ˲ʱоëȻǰδеëȻ
ΪǱߣȷʵûоޣ
ﲻҪˣһȺԪƷ֣ȻôС
ȫÿһֻǹô󣬻ëݼ¶Ҳú¡
ЩıƷײߣ־ֻƷ޵ˮ׼ѡ
ȴڡĿʵ̫ˣ
ѹѹһƬһ۾Ȼͷ
Ƕ󡭡Ǽǧ򣿻Ǽʮ
һɺˣȫ𾪵ͷƤ顪λ֮ͻȻֳ徵ЦǴѰô޴أ
Ҫ
ôģҲŪô޴ɣ
˵ˡòҲû˵ҲܳΪް
ЩȻʱ֪ΣԶκǿ߰ɣ
ǰһеôһ£
ѵ˵һֱ֮Уô˹״
к˲һͿˡ
ôô°ôôֲĳ棿Щôĸ߽ޣѵϵģ
˵֮ǰΧˮйͨΧˣôѾȫת
кˣ˸ܣӺܲ͸ذΧ֮£
ղΧ˪ˣȻܣȴ㲻úֻҪ˪ҪߣʱͻΧȥ
ڵǣ˵Ϊ֮ͻΧɢӣҲûκܹӳްΧ
һ˶Ӳȥ
ԲκεĽң
ЦˣԷΪ׵Ǻ˼״ʱˣ˴¶˴ֻһᣬǵĿĸû͹ѣ⵱ֻһᣬҲʷѣαؽ֮ݱݵļ״
ҶЦЦЦŶ
Ǵ˴ζĿֻ¹¹ѩԼҶҼҶСѣȴû뵽Цôᡭ¶棬ҲҪһӣҾ͵ղŷûзˡ
˶٣ȻҲоԼ˵ʸܴҶЦģææ˵ֻҪЦ¿ϸ̧֣Źҵȣǽڹɵ˺Ը⸶κδ۵⳥
κδ۵⳥
νźˡ
ѾŲףʨӴſڣռˣּۻۡ
ҡһȴҲӴκδۿɲǿ˵ġ
ϾֻҪĴۣҾ͸𣬴۵ĳŵɲѰͿģ
ޱҪʵڲǿ֯ΪУ
ҶЦȻҪ̸Уĳ⣬ôҲøһᣬ˷Լ㡭
Ծɫһ
ǰ־Ȼת
ͷ˿ҶЦĵһڸʲôСӶ֮ȴԽԽˣֱһö˵еĻ满
ѩϱ˪ɣûһ̫࣬Ϊ֪ҶЦŹЩˣԼſϷǣν롣
˪Ȼ˽粻ܷŹЩˣȻҲڴ˿̲ԣϷ
ҶЦһ£˵ܹĴȴҲڱУȻ˵κδ۶޷Ҿֻ㼸⣬ֻҪʵشңұٲΪǣ̷ȥѣ
Ϊ׵ĺĿ˸һ£Ц¿˿ôɣ¾ǡ
ҶЦ֯ʲô֣죬˭ܲʲôطиֲλãںδ춼˭
⼸һʳصգƺһ˲ٶˡ
к˵УĿ⾡һƬްת
Ϊ׵ĺһЦҵ˵һٲѣҶЦʳ⣬ҰģȻ޳⣬ôұһսװɣǰ·ţƴƣݣ
ôǴ˼ѡɱ޳ԵȫʬҲϻش⼸⣿ȡǰ𣿣ҶЦоɭȻ
֯Աƿس̶ȣȻѾܵز
񣬾ҲܺЩ־
ֵǣǺ彫ȥȥǰ˾ȻٲشҶЦʻ۸ߺ
еĺˣϤ̬ǰſ
ĺǣҲʱչͬһ֪ǲܳҳ彫ȥôҲûаˣԼҪҪԼţҲ֮
·ƫҪѰǾȥɣɱҶЦԥһ
֮ǰէּİӰٶȻһֵ޺Ǵ˼ĳţΧټǿޣһХ彫˲ʱЩ˾һš
ҶЦ˸Ҫ֣֣λΰһߣмǿȺг˶Ҫп˵
ڣҶЦһҲ֪Ƕ˭˵ġ
ֻǶĸ˼˵ģ

һսĳʱ䲢ԷȻкϹһλĵԪƷ֣һ޺֮һʱϤɥ޿С
ߣнһǧ֮⣻۽ƽ𻢣һͷǣƥȻ󡭡Ҳûʲôˡ
Ͼ˫ʵʵʵ̫ˣϣͳͳûпɱԣдսΪ棡
Ī˵һٶͨԪƷߣһٸ䷨ߺڴˣֻҲδؿֵȥϾ޵ۺսѾҪبԽսޣ
˵ĳֲսҶЦܼųޣҩɽĲ޿ԶԶڴ֮ԽųЩȴǶ֣Ĳ̫ĳޣôʵ̫ˣһ͵øʮţƽÿͷһţȺһʮţ͵ͽ۸ˣһһʮžУɾѾʮŵˣ
šǻ۽ߣ
ǱСܣϴСܳѾˣ
սˣֻҶЦ˪ºͺѩУÿ˶ץסһһϢڣȻֻˣҶЦǾ㹻ˡ
һǲսͣҴƴһɨսβ񡪡еʬ壬ȫؾԵͷӶʣ
Ϊ˳ԵԲ⣬֮仹һ㲻СľסȺȺϻ֮䣬Ȼ
𿴴λײߣսɲС̫ӴˣǶλ׸ƽ֮ڣҲֱ棬˿ã
ҶЦͻ״֮£ǰȥͣ߶ܸҶЦҩɽδӣԭսѣڵľĲ鲻Ըͣ
ҶЦҲξпǵĲ֮ͬƽ𻢺۽߶ͬʬ壬ǵԼһҲ޶һֱƱ棬Ʊ
Ⱥͼȴȫûκι˼ɣͬʬ壬ҲճԲ
Ǿ׽ʬ˪º¹ѩ˾ɫףȫƲסҪŻµĳ嶯ѩѩŮȺŻΡ
ڣսһƬŨѪζ֮⣬Ҳûۼ֮ǰӰٶȼ
Ȼ˾;ȵķ֡ôޣһȺȺһʧ֮ͬǰʱһ㣬֪ӺζʧʱҲ֪ͬȥ
һУĪ⣬񼣡
ʼգӥûгױ¶ݵĶ˴һİۣԼױ˿ɼı̬ٶȣֻǻһΪָӣͬͬ¶档
⼸˽ҡҶЦض˪ºʹ˸ɫ
˪º⣬һϻû˵ؽеֱӽ˹ȥ
һ֮󣬱ʼչڵɨжҶЦ˵һ仰漴кѩߣ
δ䣬ȴѾ˲Ϣ֮䣬ߵӰ١
һ紫˵ЦķԸӲжݣ˵ûаζС
ѩ˪ºͷ֮ȥ
Ҷ¹ѩҪǰʾл˾˼Ҹôߵĸˣ˵ͷлģֱӦùλʲôģ֪˼ʼգҲûпһۣôֱʧˡ


512 
޶Դ˶ЩȻȴҲܱʾ⡪ЦԼޣжҶЦǲʵһлܻҪģ˼ʱˣȴûбʾлĻᣬȻʧת룬˼Цʲôˣĳǿߣ˴ٶɺ쳾ʵʤԼ򸾲Сȴֵڣ
ĸˣһлл
߰ɡ
˪˵طֻ»Ҫʱ䣬νڴ˵顣˵óҩָˡ
Ҷ˴սδ˺ۣҸˣǵΪֻǳܵԪǿߵսನܴ
ǰȴһлĻûüڣҵºΰҶǸ̾˵
ǻбҪ°ɣԸҲȷʵϲºΪԼһ£ֽƽٽѾǣһˡһһɵ顭гţ¶һѪϴΪһӵ϶æЩȥˡ
ЦģȻûϾС¹ѩǺÿڰοҶ졣
ҶԵͷеǵɻѹȥôоϤء
ô˼ղҿû˵ϲ˵ҲΪڿЦ׽ҶҶǰҲδؾһˣ
һˣ俴λЦôûζһ֮ҶоԼղžһԸĸоԵĴ
һʰһ£·ֻһ·ߵÿ࣬Ҳࡣ
ھôΣյķ֮ҲûɽˮȤץһʱȫٸ·

һɽ
ҶЦĿࡣ
ץ˵ѶֶΣѶȻʲôûʳ
˽ڵ˼飬ҶЦõ񵤽ǻָΣȻѶ
ѶȣȻʹȴûһ˿ڡ
ҶЦҲȻ
һЩЩ˵Ĺ֯ƿַҲǸо˼𾪣
ʲô֯ڶʿ
ǺúӡҲҪĥˣһʹɡҶЦ̾˿
ᵶǰ˵λ·
˶٣ЩĺӣԸǻܽѣΪС
ΪǺѾûаɣһҪɱ㣡
ҪΪУ

һЦ
䣬˶еʱ
һȫʬ̾˿˺úӣȻǵа֯ϧˡ
ҶЦĬ˵֣֮ᷢ֯У˱ȱȽǡ
ĿȻ뵽˰׹ӡ
ҲֻµķƸ¥ƿ֮ɣ
Ҳֻа׹µֲܾ֯߱ʵɣֻϧʡ
һ֣˵ʬڵϡ
߰ɡ

˻һطǸоЩ
һô죿ǲĿҶЦһμҲŲ°ɣʱ㻹ǸԪСϺףֽΪɹۣмȵľ
СϺס
ҶЦۺЩȻ֪ûдôƽֱڰϿڵ˵ʼվٵᣡ
ɽƣҶЦѩѵѵûļһ
ѩԴʵͻͽ֮оԼо޴ʹһ־緢֮ʱҲǽȣȴǶ֣ѾĦȭơԾԾԣ˿һ仰ʱ˸߲ҵشӦһ˳
ҿЦЦû°ɣһͷˮÿɵһҶЦͺѩҪԸҽ֣һм£ѾúѩȶɫսңȻѵң
ѵզأ
ѵզأ
һģһĻͬ˵
ҶЦ˵ǼѩǾ䣬ȴһćNɪװˡ
ΨһNɪ״صװƵ˵СǰǴ򲻹㣬ǰˣҴģǿץð߬Ѵ֮
С
ĳνһڣһͱըˣԱߵҶЦҲһӵĺߣȥĳ˼ˡ
һ־Ȼǲ֪Լɶˡ
ƺԴʮԺ󣬾Ҳû˸ǰ
ΪССС򡭡
ʵ̫ͬˣ
ǻζһֱľԽڣҶЦֻҪʵڼɥʧƿڴĵڣҲ򲻻˵
ƵֻҪֳڣһٵ³ûܵΣ
񣬾ȻɥĲĺѩֳ御
һ̵ͷνŭڣǡ
òƻֻˡ
ôľȻ˵ʲôԸǿץ񡭡
ֱӱˣ
ѩѾʲô޴ǣôô˵ǽġ
ǿ벻̡
Ҳ̣
˴¶ע޷ˣ
úúãҽսһɱһűͺֱӱ˹ס
ҶЦⱲҲûɫѿ
ںѩսǶŭ
ҶЦڣȰҲȰѩĻίʵ̫ˣ֮ʧΪԾ̫ˣص˵ҲǳޣҪǲ׵׵һ٣Ķ˵ȥ
Ȼط֮ҶЦûʵȻѩڵΪͬѾ˵ǵ˵Ԫļ壬뻹ռʲô˵ġ
ȣѩǰΪȥˣľȵȣԾɻͣԭزֹڵԪ߽׼ޣδǿ֮С
һ㣬Ѿ
ǣǰҶЦнν΢֮ں֮ʱĥľʱұΪдȾ֮⣬Ѿ΢֮Ȼ֪˶٣ʲôΣǰ϶Ҫʤѩ࣡
ͽһսԣҶЦ˼ǣúõĴĥһºѩľ棬ܹڵΪ
ڿĿĲǴﵽˣһǳĴﵽˣǣ̫ˡ
һĥʯڽѩͷβĴĥһ£ǽѩĥ̫ףϵˣǿɾҪˡ
뵽ҶЦ²һľæڵǻҸʵĵطɲǺõĶֳ
Ѹȥһɽ֮ϣ޵һӣɽϰء䡱һ˳ȥ¶һ൱ƽ̹أָźѩȵѩѾĸӹ
ѩ״ʱһۿųɽ֮δ˥ԶԶɳȥûصİɽ壬ֱЩ˹ʹˣ⡭⡭ô񱩡
ֱѩ仰أǷɳȥİɽš䡱һڵϣ˲ʱ졣
һ£֤ղһɽ֮ٲǰ࣬Ĵͷ֮ɽ̫֮ôǿǿǿˣ
һȣ֮ǰѩľһЩˣ
ҶЦһӣѽ쳾˳ȥ֪Զ
˿Ļȴ̾ҶЦһ䣬ֻ쳾ʵ˰Сɽ׹ĳನѵõе赭дᣬղһ֮£
񱩣ͿˣԶأЩ̵Ŀźѩ¸㣬ӵĿ񱩣ûпʼ
ѩʱľĲоһĭ˵˵磬ֻд衭ٺ٣Ǽ򵥵д裬ǧǵҪ㵽ΪֹǺǡ
ղĳ˲ǻҫؽС𣿣ڲд磿̫ˣ˼гĴ֣Сܲ𡭡
ѩһſ͵͵תͷȥҶЦȻĳ˴Բ˵Ļ
ĳʱͷ죬ĳȫȻǣֻװûע⵽
Ҫ˵Ǿ仰߻ԵһЦûµĽЦЦء⻰˵ɾڴùͷļɻ䡣
ۣ֮ŭ
ÿҪðˣ˵Ŀܣʱǿͷɵ𣿣һ˶̫ˣҪҸһ
ⶼڼˣܲܲҪöôߴϵĳ֪ߵȼİ𣿣ĳķ߿
ѩأԿҶЦڻ̲סɥеϴ󡭡
аɣаɣǽƺûãᵶѩҪǲγɿ񡭡ݣ
һʶһҶЦûɵҲһôģôʲôֻҪҶЦպһ𣬾ͱòˡ
ǰһҶЦ½ϲ£ӵ˷򣬶һҪɵؤһĶԴΪһٵߣҪȼͷˡ
鶼ܷ


513 ĥ̫
ǼһͷԲĻɫҲϵùˣǼһǳκ͵Ľ⣬һֽģӶ㸩׾̾ҶЦأȻҶЦ磬Ľ˶үҪҶЦС֪ˣôŪأ
Ȼ죬ĺѩȻҽһ׵ľԲѵ˵ҪѵңС˵ǿ񡭡
Сһ
ҿһ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ŭɶɷ˵һ
һȻ
ѩ԰֮ʱνҶЦһֵ֮У֮ˣҶЦһЦģҲڲ֮ѣղȻһ֮ĵʱȥ˴룬ڴˣȴҲȡԼʹԵǿǰ״ɣ
ǣһ֮ʱѩֻһæҡ޴룬粻֪һ㣬һ̣ܵļһܣֻ¾Ҫһˣ
һ߿գԸ֮࣬һ׷ϮѩӦղһѾӦά裬еϽνɱΪ㣬ֵꡭû˵꣬Ѿ籩һһٶ൶
ѩȻ֣Աһٶ൶Ǳ״ֻм֮ް㻹֮
ˣ˵ĸ֮ѾԶ׼Զ
ѩıΪˮ׼ڵǰȴȫ·磬ԭжһҪںѩ΢֮İ壬֮뱾ѧ֮Уãı֮ǺѩĿǣжܱƵúѩӲƴԼ̣֮֮ռϷ磬ҲǺѩ̬ʧ⣬֮ǰһ֮δսӣֹУʤֻһߣǺѩʵѽܣʬˣ
ԹսҶЦȴڴսսģȴһºȤȤǺѩͻڣȻھе˶û㣬ԹսҶЦȴز׽˸ոһ˲ľޣ
㲻ң㲻ң㲻ң
вͣ㲻ңеֱͬ˹һ㣬飬һҪѩ˽ڵĿ
âһѩۼԼΣһζأȫ
һ
ѩĳĴԺ޻ٵķʽӲһһƴ֮࣬
֮ǰһٶ൶ѩȻÿһмסˣȴжճȻ֮ʽԾһٶ൶ԽԽӣ˼ۼԼѾȥֻһ;ˣΣˣԽƴʵ𲢣
һƴ֮£ѩһͬһǱȴҲǻȻһ˺
˫ȻƾУ
ƾУ⻹Ǻѩ״γӲƴδ鶥壬ȴЯ֮ǰٶ൶ƣͬСɣ˳״ֻƽɫĽ˵ںѩΪҪʤ
˴˶дмңһƴ֮࣬ʤ֪ռϷ纮ѩʱɲǼСҾ˵㲻Ƕ֣С񡭡
ѩĿǰֿʼûаŵˣ
ҲǴ⣬Ӻѩһۣ֪ղŵһԼѾȫԭڵֲ᲻ὫСһҳ⽴û뵽һΪô࣬Խƴ鲫أȡƽɫսɵ̾
Ǿ̾龪̾ȴôһ仰ʱ޵رˣ
ҽС
ѾΪʤһô
ӸղŵĽ־ȫԿóѾľ͸ϣһеȻôNɪΪӮô
һ̣һǿƳǰѩĿĿʼˡ
ȷ˫֮󣬿ν֪֪˵ȫ׼ȻٸѩӲƴȻƾԼ޵м뾭飬ֻƾĳ־սͦѩҲ⣬ȴôڡôûмĻ
ȻѾ֪˺ѩڣʱչԴ򷨡ϾԱ߻ҶЦڿأԼôǰôԷء
Ȼһ䣬ԭһһ൶Ȼϣɱ仯Ϊһɸ߷壻һʵĵɽںѩǰ˲ʱγɣ
ɽǣɵɽźѩһһƬƬķ޾⣬Χֱ콵꣬
ںѩУǰһɽÿһƬ棬ʵģȫǼźХƷӵնֽǿɱ
ѩʶľһгӷչ籩һӦԡ
ɽǣ裬ȻÿһƬ佫Ծɱ޵еĻԭÿһ㵶궼뺮ѩĽչӴǰһζƴĺһ㵶Ѿѩֻܼмܣмܡ
ȻµĵԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼѩӦΪæңٲά裬ֻоһԼûмס©յĻ㲻촦ҲҪ˲ʱشǿȵĹΧ£һشȴأ
мڴˣɵúȻ󾪡
Ȼɱ֣
ѩһʱֻĻڣۻң̲סҽУϴ󡭡ۡҡҲˡסˡ
ôУǵûεҶЦԮ֣ûаǷ
ͷȥֻԼܣѾ㵶ɽ֣Ŀǵ⣬֮⣬ʲôûУֻӦ˵ǣʲôˣ
ѩ¸ǻңֻһζмܣȴԽԽǾģӦΪѡ
ҿԴԴϵȻ֧ԳӲƴ򡭡
ѩãûгԹʥ֮ǰԼѾһѽڡ
ֻ߸ɴͱȽڸϸӣ
һˣʱ죡

ɽ֮⡣
ҶЦһɺϾصЦЦʲôѩΪô죿ȻҪʤһҲʲô𣿡
ҶЦֻתͷźѩǱƴĵֵѩǰȴǿһֻͷϣһ󵶾ôڰС
ĺѩȴӶƴӽƴԼòڶײʲô۵һ󺹣̼
ҶЦĿרעƬ̣˼ĵ΢
һ£ҶЦ΢ǣ
ҶЦĬһ£ⷽҲ㣬ҸոԳ΢Ƿֽ⣬Ծǵںָ΢֮ݶɡ
ԳĬãʼ΢Чøߣ΢Ϊֹ㣬һ޵Уڹ۲Է֮࣬ȷһУȻǵǰɢɵâ
ʵǱ޵еԣԼĹɢէƺҵ΢һЩڶ׶İ壬Լ֪Լ£Ծֻ΢һֱ仯ѡ
΢ֽ⣬Ȼ̥ںϵָ㣬ԾԼƳ³µĵطɰɣ
֪ҶЦֻѾʣԵ˵ĳУһ˲Ϥһ˲жϣԲƽɣ
ҶЦͷǵġ˿ƻɵһϮѸٽֽ֮ɶ֣ÿһֱַԻ⣬вơȻ⻹ֻǳڣҸո򵽡ȷ˼·Ŀԡ
ֹ̾ǿУ
ɢϸ¶΢ɵ棬ܵĿռ䣬γ˵ȻԸͬ΢ˣã޵еԣ֮ǰսҲʩչУӡ֤Чǿⶼ㲻ϡ
Щʧ䣬漴һ䣬ڲϻӽĺѩƲƲ죺ԸһǿṦɵƣôæȻģû֣Щ꿴ǿʵֻܶѰ߽ãԣƤδذõֻҪһʱ֮ʹַܳ룬⵶Ƿˡ
ҶЦЦᶼЦ˳
УѩĶٿٳɫ֮䣬һЩ˼
ûɵңòҪͻƵˡ˺ߣ֪Ϊ̫죬²֡ҿټһѾҶôſ񣬾֪ſҪĴۡ
ǧŵ㣬Լֵܣ͵ˡҶЦĵ˵
ģһⱲӶоûôˬģһӣҧҶЦ˵ۡ
ҶЦΨűӿЦ
תȶ֮ǰʶͣͣ˵˵ЦЦҪ㻹ǽòĻڵҶЦɣʵ̫ɶˡ
ҡҡͷһԾȥδ֮ڷƮ
ʵ̫ˡӦϹۣôͰһ˿ˣ˰Ҳðһʻţϰ
ҶЦǵʱ鴤˺һ󣬰
ܵÿ죬ҶЦܴΪ仰Ҫһ֣


514 Һѩ
ҶЦŭ˻
ҳôͳˣˣѾôĸеʱ򶼽һӵˣھȻҵ˵ӳ˵ĿŵڰѾĲ˵ʵôƯȥҶЦ߷߲ƽŭ
ˣµľ˶Աȡ
ͺñЦЦӣƵԶԱȣ
ҶЦһֱûиЦҶЦϣһֱԭӣҴҲôѿ˳ʲôϰ߳Ȼˡ
ڣıȽ֮˭ҲãٷӢЦҶЦԭЦҶЦֱһ̯һѿô˳ۡ
ţȻ뷨ȴҲ룬ѩ˪ĵ׶ôģ
ҲҪкÿƤҵΣϾҪʱ֪ܽƤֻҪһۣ
һԣ
Ǳߣ»ȥ֮˲ٿصĳȻǻʵѩĺˡ
Ϊø𣿣һȭںѩͦıϡ
ѩʱѪԵҽһʹŭô֪˲
û𣡡һںѩϣŭһӾҪ˺רŽҶ̵ĳ죡СѾƯ
ѩһҽţ˺һ㹾๾عȥ
ɣϣθˣٵ֣һݺںѩԹ϶һͲˣԴܱڹǻӲ
顭
ѩͷϵİһ㲻ð˳׷ƫƫһƤ⵱Ѫһô׳ͷ϶š
Ȼһ
ʺ
Ȼзȫѹƺѩ֮רһںѩϣͷϣϣȡȿɹĵطݺݴ
Ƭ̣ѩѾûˣſֱӵıͷˣúɴչɥĲԵ⣬һʮӹȥѩȻǲ˵
Ȼڳ˳ֵԴĵڣѩȻһͷȻһǶ㿪ˣһ㶣ԼһȻ̫ɱȴԼ΢֮֮Уѩôܿģѵ˵
һƹȥѩԵһֱܿӿе㾪ˣѵСͻˣҪͻˣôأ
ϸѩʱȴ˫۷ֱȴ˶±һ㣬֪ѩʲôʶһƹȥۼ֮ʣҲ֪أһ˲ѩȻһˣȶ㿪־ڱеһ
ԹսҶЦ°̾ѩٴûаװҲ΢֮ţȻڻ򣬵ǰֻȫȻڱܵһַӦڷЧܣ
ʵ˽һȻȻĪѩΪʤȯգĴ⣬ֻһѾ˰ƣһ̣ܵһܣǷӳں䱾ΪԪǿߵʵܣܹ֮ܿķţֻͬ΢֮΢֮У
ѩһֻżȻֻңʵ죬֮ĽУȫȻûԼʵбܿı֮УԱѧԺȫ·磬ܣ⣬⣡
˿̣״±ȵĺѩȴͬǽȨ˱ܣ׿ṦȻʵЧܣʩչȻԾǱ֮УȴΪҪ֮γеĲȻҪӶںѩʧ֣֮ͬУ
ھѩ޸ᣬԹ۵ҶЦģ
ѩṦƣṦ΢֮γɿܵ˹΢Ϊ֣Ȼ΢ı֮пƽȻ෴˴˿ƣԲһ棬΢֮ʽѣ
ٹƬ̣ҲԼ˺ѩǰ״ֵ̬Ȼɣһٶһ䣬Ȼδָղÿбеĳ̶ȣȴ֮ǰһһвˣ
±״̬ĺѩȻҲ±ȣǻָǻָ粻ظأָǵĺѩȻɱ壬Ȼٶ뱻ŹĴ֮УȻٱ±״̬ת뱾ܷӦ״̬ٿʼ΢
֮󣬺ѩٶȻָ֪֮࣬ΪߵĶ״̬Ķ򣬻Ǳˣ֮ؾȻԷչܣȻԾʮа˾ţвеȫѹƣ
սѩ챻ûˣ΢֮ĸ򽥽͸ܹܿеĴҲԽԽ࣬սԷһļ
΢֮⣬ľҲսֳͻơ
ַʽȴʵ̫ңȡζᣬޱʹΡ
䣬ѩѾҪģȴǾûκͨڵأ
ûнѩ֮⣬ϡʮ˲ʹʲôģѩ뾭ˣ
˺ɴҲˣֻҪܶһ㹥Сֻʣһž˼ľȻᡭ
顭顭顭
һҶЦЩɫס
ﰡǴ˰ɣ
ֹ֮󡭡
һվҶЦߣЩˬˬ󣺡һƤָкõúܡò˵һٴȷʵǺܹΣ
ԭѾˡ
ҶЦȻãڳ˳ǣҲ̶õĵͷȥ
ôã϶Ǿùˣֻǡѩ᲻Ҳúܹ񫣿
ҶЦã飬Ǻֵȶ
Уһ֪˻һϢòѾ׵طֲͷǽš
˵ԲţΪƾ۹۲죬Ѿֱ治Ӻˡ
ҶЦԭ㼴ʱȥ״ϵҩʲô
һٴ򰤵òԹȫ֮󣬼ҵвУҲܹƾɣʵ˵ãڻȱлָ󡣡סҶЦ㻹ȸ˵˵ôģôһˡ
ҶЦֹԼһ¡
ȫ򡭡
磬ˬʹˣѾһ⣬ɶúѩһεĻˣҲҪġɣ
˵գܸɴشӿռָﾾһŲ輸ӣ豭һӦȫ
ֻƬ̣ڵĲˮˡ
ƣȴҶЦ𰸣

ô˵ҿǾȻõôġ״ĽҶЦһۣϽһסԼ죬ѹչʥ
ķݡҶЦŰۺһ
۹ĴЦΪûѩôϴôҲ÷һöңӦ֮⣬Ӧ֮⣡
˴
ҶЦҪ쳤̾ôжƤ˵
ˣҿȷˣһֵ֮еƤٲǺѩ쵶Ƥ֮㿰򣬰ƣ棡
ιҶЦѾ衣
ࡡвڴһʹĳ֮ǰʰʵ̫ң̫ˣһҲ
ɴˡѩԹֱģᣬ̫ˣ
쵰̫ˡ߯ˡѩš
ţ˵ɶһߣ˺ѩԼء
ѩʱĿڣֻһٴ򣬿಻㣬νͷȣʡǶҶϴ֮ǰᵽ΢֮˶һ֪Ǹ˰״һҶϴϴҴˡ
ڷݣӽ²òͷͷ㵱磬ǧӵΪ;һ߹㣡򣬶Ҫ㳢򡱵ζ״һȻͷӽд磬绹ѾղͦѾľԲ꣡
ȿȿȡںȲҶЦʱͱǺһʵ̫ˣһһͦˮ׼ǰզûأ
ֵܵƤ˭δ֪֮
ٹƬ̣ѩϣڿʼɰ
Ȼĳڿʼתˡ
һֱʱ
Ծ׵һֵĺѩҡҡλεվ׳һߵ۾ʱأԻǲĴ˸£¶һɫͷģһ鵽˼Ҷϴ磬ۡ
ҶЦŤƫͷȥʵǻü̼
𵶵ţãǺܺãҲð
ҺҺãҺܺáѩЦţסʹҪ£ƨɲһӣһҽУ
ȴĳ˵ƨɱ͵˼ӳһ˿Ҫʹĵزˡ
ѩءο˵ΪˣһҲӦõģҲҪʿɶֹϾǳߣעʡ
ӦõӦõġʿɶֹעʡѩԹͷͬСסѧࡣ


515 ǰ
ڵĺѩҪ˵ͬǰһ㣬״ĽССҪ˵ѵѵ˼ҡΨԼЦòãǰħ˵ɶҲˡ
ڱΪȷ֮ǰǾƲǵģ
ţһλͦЧġҶЦסЦ˵ȸٺдһ£һ½ĳɹ
һͻأѩʱһһҡͷѾ̵úƣģˣǺǡ
˵Ϊ֤ԼȷѾǡܹˡ֪ԼЦŬҪԼЦˬһЩȴһֻס˲ӵĴĸ
ҶЦһЦ
ۣȺ֣߳īۣɼһߣ

֮ҹĻʱ֡
ҶϴҪߣҸɡءѩʵ̲סҪˡ
ΪҶЦȻҪƲˣԼһ˻ҶҼȥ
ҶЦȥص㣬صҪһߣôˡ˵ҪԼһԼѩֱ󶼲ˡ
ȻԼѾԼ΢֮ٶսڻһ浹ֻǸ룬ңοǸոնսǸ
Ȼֻʱ죬ȴѾǰ֮ǰˣ
ڵǳԹʥ֮
ֲ֮ԵɥĲ˵
ѾǺѩͷʣû֮һ
ôС⻰ǲԸһ𣿡һۣĳźѩ¶һݸЦݡ
Ǹ˼ѩæҡͷɫףֱӴˣ״ĥ
˵ʱʱ죬ҶЦȻɷ˵˽ӥϡ
ˣһҪҸ찡ôһٵĻ֮󣬱һ˸ҶЦ˽ӥȻڤڤײӰˡ
ءѩҪ޳
ţСʲô飬һί𣿡ִѩĲòƸõĽк
ǿߣԽԽεĲɫѩҰףȫѪɫ
ǳҼ
˺ˣҲ߰ɡѩһᰴϴ˵ġһ·ȫĵġ죡Ҹ¸¸¸¸¡
ѩҵĽ͸Ʋ㡣
ѩһ·ͬУߵÿν죬Ѿ˼Ϊѩˣʲô˹ⰴĦǳȫȫָ˹
ƯĺѩԣָܹʵݡͦεΣûбøõˣҸõĸп
ںѩܳжԸӣѾҪϿ״ʱ򡭡
Ȼ֣侾һ٣һδˣ
Ȼٶȼˣָ״̬
ѩԹҪҪ
򣬴򲻹ӣӲúѩǣԷԼεңºȻһдʣôΪ˴Һã
ҹ񫣬㲻Ҳõĥô
ıΪ˺֮ܶ࣬޷ƥ䡭뼰ĥܲ
ֻҪԼŬ΢ȫҲʹ򲻵𣿡
ѩᣬԹҪҪģΪҺðΪԼ񫣡ĥ𣿡
˵Щеûûã֪Ͻ΢֮ʲôûнչûнչͼĥҿѾ˰ɣ
Ȼ󡭡顭
ûʲôµˣ̫ˣϽʩչҿ
顭
ܺúܺãĽοڳʮжֻܴ£˵ٽܷɡ
顭
ⶼ˴ȻûнҳʮоȻٴ£˵ʲôֻ˵ʱȫûŬҸ㣬ٰһǧΣҪǻûнҾͲˡڵһοʼ
顭
һ·ϣѩΪǳȫáԼҲĿͻͽݡ
࣬׷ɱǵʱ򣬺ѩҲǲù
һѱһŬǱİֻʣ´ʱ򣬻ƴղŵ״Ĳ㣬иԼĶ
ܵĻѩϣԼһԴһԴҪɱģֻҪһζƴ˼ܹԼ͸ͺá
Ҹһʵֻ·ߣһԶȫ΢֮ձĥһغڶȫ΢֮΢ɣȫԸҲδؿ׵㡣
һΪ°ɾͳǿôѩĬĬᡣ
Ϊ֮һֱûлἰúõװһرơǰδеĲпѭ֮Уעɷǣںûľңݲҡ
ѩһ·ϲϵذԹţԹţԹţšʵȴҲվľţͬʱģƤÿάϵİķУô֮ţѾǼ޳֮¡
ȽϺѩᣬһ·ȴҸãŰѩ񫣬Ϊͬ˼侪˵Ľ
ݽΪһֻع߼±ǵԪǿߵľ۲Σڳں෴Ԫ֮󣬾۲һùֻعȻʵɢݳȥֻ࣬ɵֻعЧⷽĻԣȲϺѩ˷ֻعʱĹ㲻ͬĹǿ
һ·ϣĽǹ΢֮΢֮ͬǳ򣬼÷ǳݣ΢֮뵱ǰ΢֮죬һжҪȻ첻ˣ
Ϊ㣬Լ仯֮ǰһ仯ܲ⣬ڶȺɱʱЧԵ΢΢֮ԿԶԺѩЧȴҲǺѩ⣬Ϊľƥ䣬űƣ
ʱںѩĹУѩʼ΢֮İ壬ѩ΢΢֮ҲгĽ
ںѩ΢ǡ΢ɣȫԸҲδؿ׵㡣۾޵ķʸĻ
ѩ΢ɵʱ򣬱ǿ΢ķʽʩչһй
΢ȴ뺮ѩպ෴ѩȫܣĿȴÿбУźѩľ޷֮ʱһ㣬ÿеĹѩҪѹƺѩֻܽһ΢Ժѩͬ˽Ȼ෴İȴศɵĴٽЧ
仯νǳ˵ϣѩҶЦ
һ·Ŀĵ㹻ԶģҲ뺮ѩˣһԽ΢֮ݵ£ϧǵĿĵزôԶ
ǵĿĵǡڡ

ӥһ·׷Ԧ磬˲ʱԾƲ㡣
ǰ¶ԽԽԱ¿ȥĿǧװعȻѾȥ˱
˾λ򱱷ĵؽ磬Ƭؽţ֮һλ֮һı칬һȻ칬ȴҲȽĴţҶЦеĿĵء
ı
Ӧš
һ·ϣҶЦԺһֱǾ仰
ǸϽ컻ɣӣʵѿûӦϹˣǰŮȻֻܶɫмӣ˵ȥ
ҶЦԽԽǾᣬôģѵЦôѿô
һڣһ£ûɶⰡò֮˵ΣϲడȻȵٱҶӵһ£ʱһЦ
òϡԼԭӡȻҲЩ뿴ˡ
ҶЦɴЦıĿһ·ûʶȴǸӸоӦԼĿɹԼ˼һôһƬ
⡭ʵ̫ѵˣ
ҶЦһԵ顭ԭǰҾȻôѿǸϽȥȸ㵽֣һҪ˼۳󣬱ˣˣˣǶδزܰ
׷ӦˣǿҲأ
ҶЦĳҪȻؼңҶ򸾣˵ϰһģϸ룬˪Ҷ˵ٶȣصҶҼ뻹ðϵʱ䣬ʱ㹻Լر칬תһȦٻȥװԱˡ
ǾԾȵ˾Ӧˡ
ҶЦᳵ·ͨ˻󣬵վӦн칬¸صĲϤ棬ȻҶЦ˵˼ʱȴûʵʩͽκΣ
ĿһƬѩȺɽװع֮УһƬˮһĹΡȻ
ſڣŮֵֽ֣ɽŵģ֮ʱ˴д衣


516 ˣ
ǳţɽſڵĹϿȻи״ıȽڣ˱ŵ˵г룬ֻи߲ͽкö궼ûǰԡɽšίʵ֮Ҳɵ񣬾͵սдʱ䣬Ҳ๡
СѾͷ˴˴ȥ˸߲ҡĳ̶ȣ˵ǶսдѷΪ˽ԵĽˣǧٹ֡ٳʱʱЦ˵˵ˣøк״һ㡣
ͻȻ䣬һºʵĴʣı
ȻǸӵ
ѾͷʱһȻܾһ˻ȥ֮ڣκŹԴ⿴ںڵת
ҶЦ״ЦԷǡ
⡭ǿŵģ
Ĳڴˣģ
ҿԼһͷʲôġСѾͷƶܵΣ֪ıһвͣ׵档
㡭ˣСŷⴿ񣬺ЩЩĿҶЦһҶЦҲ󲻵ľ⡣
ҶЦһͷߡ
ѵҿŮˣ
ǶƽֱʻҶЦȴʵǲ֪شǣֻõͷ
ŶСѾͷȻ໥ƣȸԾ𣺡ԭǴ˵еˡ
ȿֺ˳ΧҶЦ´棺ԭνˡƣﲻһ
С㽵´ҶЦһᣬʵˣܲܡ㣿
ң
ҶЦ

ɶ֪Ůܲô
ۿСѾͷԾԾԵ֣ԼžҪ̽̽ҶЦҪˡ
찡ذû뵽ЦһЦӢۣ쾹ȻСѾͷƵϣѲ⣬컯Ū˰
ٰп֮£ɴԴУӦ
һУǵͻأ֣ͬ𣬺ֻȺɽѩµѩͻ١
СѾͷ˹ƵʱһһȥҧŶ˽˵ԭ˵ŮԭɤҲ󡭡
ɲǣ㿴̧ͷеʱ򣬲иðǾûУѿһС̧ͷԼʺλ
ѽûУҿûУһ´½һĽ
ֹأزôƽ̹ŤǰСｾĿԼͦµء
ǣôôƽأǽоõĶͦôƽܹճûߣҿҲˣҪϵɱˣûһСĲмƲƲ졣
Ƥǲģ⻬ϸ壬ͦ׵ġһСԼ½˿˿ǲҰס
⻰˵ǰ֪ʵڿҶЦڿԼ
㶼ףȻӲҰסһҲĵĿ˿
ȻһɽһɽߣԿǿ֣һشţ̬һ
ôְϸ磬ӯӯաһƷ
ɲǣҪôָܸأһм
ףƨɵẠ֪̊́ͦȥɶоָкòá
İĺܲ

ҶЦҲȥˡ
ⷬͷ㻹ͷûòûôˣѾ۵ҵƨˡ
ָô
ҪǡĻˣǸҵǸλˣ
ӵֵôˣ˲͸ûҪʲôɡɶɶأ

Ƭ֮󣬹¥󹬵֮䣬½ɹӰ
Ѿ֪û˸ı֮ôСˣ
Ҫ˭ôĴ󵨣
ΨеȵһӰȨƼǸ¡һ㼱ɾ룬һӣ䵽ǰ
ҶЦǰ
һ˲䣬ҶЦֳңл㱡
ƺʱ˿ֻص˼еһĻ
ǧѩﺮ˪һˣʤѩ㷢٣ԶվԼǰճյԼ
ҶЦ˼һĪ㱣Ȼֲȥڡ
Ӧ˼վǰڵӣг֮ࣻмԼϲ
ˢˢˢʮ߰˵ӰɳڳУ˵Ŀ⾡ҶЦϡ
ͻȻһƬ
Ц
ҶЦ
ġ
𣿡
ô£˸
ǲΡ
˵Ӷ͹˳̡֡塢־һ㡣


517 
˵ĸ־ȣҶЦֵõ󷽣΢Цλþò
ҶЦΪЦҶЦ칬εģȻûиӦǹ߻𣬵֮ϵֻҪǱ칬ϲ֪˿ҶЦҲЦò٣Ҹ־֮࣬ȴҲ⣬ϾЦ֣ŮѲϵ飡
ǰǰǺþòˡһɫֱͣЩ겻ૻش
״ӦɵһЦ
ҶЦһıǵûвҴţߵЦݰݷãѾ˵ܶ飬βþӦĴãϲüң

ʱӦػر˶óӦĵǰ״̬֮ǰȫԲˣֱӾ͵ͬһһ㡣
ĵһ¾ǽЦķĹһ˸飻Ȼһɣд⣬üЦ·ƴźĴ磻˵Ҳ֮ǰǰģżϻ¶ΣҲ֪ʲô
ڱԣӦȻж˹֮λĵλ˿û½Ϊһǿߣ˵ǱĶ룬ھӦЦ־Ҳϧʸ־Ϊ临֮£ȫ£ֻҪ˵ϻģûûȰģ˵İʵ֤ϵǰöûУ˵˸û˵û
ǰ߾Ӧִж¹֮λ뿪˾޸ˣ֪ȥ޹֮գ˵·ˡ
Ҳ֪أӦȻϵĹˣ״̬˴õĹ
ֻǴھӦǰ̬ȴĪϲ˶ڲ²⣬ϲп϶ΪĳЩʶ뿪ˣڲΪǸȫòֵҪҪˡ
ɽɶɶԣӦ氮
ԶԶԣ϶氮ˣ
Ҫ氮϶״̬˼֮ʱżֵɬ飬Ů֮ʱģ
ڹ氮ıԾԴ°
ֻҪܹ߳ЦӰıĳǾáǾӦ氮ֻһͨͨһˣҲǿԽˡ
ܱȥǿɣ
ֻǴҶ֣ӦЦôôֻǳȥһΣͱأʲôӵӣȻӵ
ȻþӦŮɶɶ
ʣһֱبͷÿ⡣
Ȼ氮֮˵Խʣʼ̫翣̫ʵʶֻڻС˵ˣһм氮飬أ
ڣڽˡ
ԭûʲôӲ뿪ˣһж˵󣬾УеĸԴ򵥴ֱЦһû
ǺųЦӢ۵Цۣ
ŵѾͷγѣһУ˷ܡ
һͷߡ
Ѿͷ˷ʲô
ôˣӦ۽ӰҶЦ
ҶЦֱ׵˵ˣˡ
Ӧʱͨ졣
ԩң˵ʲôأôͥڵģҪ
ǡ˼ôôأòơ
ΧλıһڸһҲͨ죬治֪ߡ
ЦҲܣƤȻôء
ǿɶһȺŮӡߡ
˺˸ţš
ġġȿȣǻҪ£ȻȥˡȿȣԣȻȥ˴Ҫȥˡ
һŮ˲ʱɢ
СѾͷҲ˻ص˴֮ڣȴСԴĿš
ɣɵվŸʲôӦߺذҶЦһۣתȥ
һ·ȥ˾Ӧ޹
ֵһִӹͲ֪ҳӦ˫ֱǰһ
ҶЦӿˡ
ԭЦ治˴ôȻӦ
ӦðӦϲЦػҪЦӵţô
ػưˣѵ˵Ĳ𣿡ӦҶЦһıأ׷ʵ
ôҶЦıĿǰأЦЦδˣҪʵĿǰһôǹףҵ氮˵ˮҶЦίȻĵ֮ǰϲǸô
ţǷˣӦ̾һֵ˭˵ϲӣϲľֻˣƤʲôҴûѿЩֻҪϲǸˣ㹻ˡڵıۣȴҪĵй

ҶЦʱˣ档
㻹˵Ǳòá


518 Ūɳ׾
һᣬҶЦ͵͵ļüŪ۽Ӧ̵Ů˳ȥ
кöԡҶЦһ⡣
ɶöأӦĿһҶЦ˵Ǻö£϶ס
ٺ١ҶЦװƵ˵棬Եľ
ӦɲǼɫһ죬ŭզȥأ
ʹ֣һûءȻҪ
ҶЦգ۾ĵĲԣ˵Ǵ׻ҵʵʴռ䣬ҵ氡ֻعֹǾֱؾû˵ɶ󻰰
Ȼĳûʶ˵Ǿ仰һɹӵĵ㣬ɶҶɶɣ
һˣǾǾӦզ뵽һȥأ
ҶЦԵĽãȴǽͲ壬ЩͷĵԹſ죬ҰǺöֱӸŽȥ
Ӧֽ˵ֱӵһȭ˹ҧгݣå㾹Ȼӣ˵Ϸ
ۣ
ҶЦ岽֮⡣
һơ
ҶЦ֮࣬ȴҲ˾ӦֻʲôǾ䡰һʹ䶯𣬻ǸϽ˵
Ϊʲô˵һöӣؾ컯ʥ԰ҶЦԩ֮
ֽá
ʲôʥ㾹ȻôࣿѾԹˣӦ۾Բˡ
ȻûעĿǰΪ硣ҶЦٺһЦҶзݶԹſӣС졭
Ӧͬһ㿴ͻȻ˵Ϳɱڣѩޣ˽γԹ
ҶЦʶĳ˳顣
رһǳһֱӵˣһӵ˶û˵ӹզôء
е䣬żҪģǽΪһ£ˣˣѩˣҪ㲻ɾͱȥˡҶЦգգ۾
ҲҪˣ㻹ǸϽӦһǸҿ˧ģǲۡ
ҶЦ񷭰ۡ
ⶼĸģŮǲٸ˵ӵΪ⣬ȻСϾݡ
ֱؾ٣ڲپ飬ȥɶɶû
˵ĶǷϻֻԻָĿֳҶӡ
˳ۣžĿĿӦĵͷ
ҶЦȴֻøˣԴװЦҶЦĴףҶЦЦӵĴף

֮󣬹ľӦһԾ𣺡ҶЦҿ汾£

κ
Ӧ죬ҡͷϢһᡭ
һַ·ڿҶЦ˵֮ͨǰҺĲҲûôɣ۷壬ȴֻиŵĸоʲôԭʥʱ򲻹Ԫף֮ǰԪ۷ԵôҲҸһﰡ
Ĺ弫ޱǵԪ۷Σ֮󣬹иߵľͬǿߣ֮ĸߵȡǵ磡֣Ϊ㣬ȱ΢֮ҶЦν΢
ҶЦȽһԪµ󾳽磬ԼѧԺϵ΢Լ֮žӦһ˼۶ľӡ޳Ľ̲סЩԳ촽ɬ˵ǡ
ʲôӦȻҶЦ󾳽֮У˼ܵʵ
ǸҶЦѳζǣٰ˼ҪҸｫ˯仰˵ñȽתһЩ
񿴵ӦҶЦԽоڴ֮ǰԼʱε˰˹ɫɲժȻһľܾ
ȱ۶
ҺѾʲôӦɫһϲοصģǻԵңչȥˡҪ¾æȥɣҪˡ
㡭⡭ҶЦĿſڽﻹݵؿžӦòƺеͰ͵˼
ֻӦһ˼򣬿첽˻ȥ߱ߵ΢΢Ŷ
㡭ö೤ʱѽҶЦæʵҪҾɣ
˵ô㲻õôզôϻءи׼Ļʮ£Ļܲ๻˰ɡӦԼЩȷ˵
ʮ££
ҶЦʱᣬƿԡ
Ǳ飬ֱ̬ͺһɶСٻʲô׼ˣͻȻҪĹҪȥӻĳ˸Ͻˣ
Ȼе̣ˣǺܷҶүǰΧΣ
㻹ǸϽ߰ɣˣʡǣң÷ֳһزҪ˼ӦԶԶӹһ仰ͻȻȥ㡣
ˢһ죬ӻֲһƬƲʡ
ҶЦȻľޱȻҰ


519 
ҶɲҪ˼ˣôľһҶЦյԼһƣӦð¶ȫٸΪڿɵá˹Ӵĵã˵ˣɶûռɨسˡǹ¼ҹһöҵզôء
ҶЦȴ޿κΣֻôͷɥȥ
ĵĲܴˣٴȥҿ϶ᱻԼˡ
ŵʱŮԲԲӣ·𿴵´½һ㿴߳۵СǣߵĿȫɨһһ飬ҶЦòҪ˵Ŀ
̲סǰסҶЦѾͷڰҶǰڲıòôѹܰǰԵʸ־壬Ƥôãʲôطܡһ¾ͺá
ôô⣿
ţô˵ʲô˼ѵָƾСϷ˾Ӧ
ģ
ҶЦŴ죬㶵ؿ۾ڴʵСѾͷѾչصľӦڽǻ߿һ̾ಡһ˳ȥ
һӴҲƵٶ뿪ı
ôоҾǸɵȶ±أ
ıĸ߲㵽ôĵӡؿ˾ҪǷŵϣ°֮ڣܱЩɫǳԵøɸɾ
ҶЦо⣬ԼټӦʱһҪδȻ
ȫעҶЦСѾͷңһߵĳˣͣһզôСأ˵յķӾˣզһ¡ߣ
ţ
ҶЦһֱӳȥʮأžԶ쳤Хһӥ䣬һ𣬴ҶҼȥ
һ·֮ϣҶЦȺ󿴵üƺսʵûжµ飬ֻһƼġ
һλȥɾʵȫžأ

˳뿪ҶЦ֮󣬾ȥ򣻴˵ؾ޾ĳɽ룬洦ɼ߽ޣǸŸ߽׵֮ء
˴֮صĹҪڰ֮ɭ֮ϣ֮ɭ㲻Ϊǰǳսݻ٣ҲֻڸѰġɡԣԽ˵ص̫̫ԭ򶥷ǿֵ֮ߣ
֮ڵĳɽƸԲԣи߽޳ûǻƷϵĳޣڴ˵Ҳвٴڡ
ȻһζĻͬ
һĵԪƷߣҲֻΧҹ롣
˳УȴǾ̽룬һͣͣһ·ϣȺ˼ʮŵӣȴҲֱ쫷һ߼ӹ
˳ҲǶŵĵӶŲʣ˼żǳŵӵʱ˳ڵһʱչпĽɱ
ӵĸڣȫɱһ
ԭĳЩɻɢ֮УЩɫļһҪմˣǷʲôģڼʶλɫŮĿֲʵ֮һ£ͷͷƤ飬׵ĹԾˣٲһ˿뷨
˳ͬһ֧һ·ֱ
˳ƺͬһ·ߵͱȽƣͬ衣
Ϊһ·ϾҲûһֻޣȫսᡢء
һ·еޣȫ˳ɨҶһ㣬һɨ⡣
һ˵ģ˵ι۹ģǡ֡
һʱ䣬۷׷ס
ʲôʱֳôһλŮӳ֣òƻ˵
Ǵ磬ƺƹӣ
Ӧþƹĵӣǡƹڶ֣գʲôʱͻȻðһλô͵ĽɫͿչֳʵܣϷԵɺһĻҶΪϣ
ȷʵŮΪ֮񣬵ѾԶұ֪ǿ֣֮
ʵԭҵҲ޹һ˲ˣƹƺǳûʲôްȫصĲɱŵˣ
ҿֻŵĵ֣ǵ޲֣˵صҪѪɺˣ
˵Ҳǣ޷ֻŵ֡
ѵ˵ƹҪںǳ濪ս𣿡
֮٣
ϢһҪ֪ͨǱߣ
̫ˣ
ŮӵһΪعƣֻҲԪƷ۷ˡ
벻ֹҲѾȥ߼ˡһ֮Уǿߣûһܱȵϡ
ǿŮ̬òôҲפǰˣǶʮ껹ˡ
磬̫ˣܸܲһˡ
˳һ·ǰȻɱ򸹵أĵش


520 ǰ
˳Լ㡣
ԼΪҶЦͨĵرԼǿģѾǰ϶ʵ˵Լ˹֮ʵ̫ˣǾ硢顢սÿһ涼ƥ䵱ǰΪ
ͯ棬Ȼ֮ԿǿУ˵ʤȴҲΪһֲס޹˵Լ˺
ҪΪصţͬдһѡ񣻵Ļʵ̫˷ʱ䣬ߣҪǰԼһʵĶ֣һ׵飬߲ɵͲͣţʸ̵ǰԼģòƾֻһ˶ѡ
ʲôݣʱһζԼϿϻѪԼͬû̫ʱ䣬ûʱ䣬Լ޿ܳյǰΪϾٸѵҲܻսһ֣
Ҫͻƾ磬ս;ƫƫǲصս
ΨʱǻԵȴҲЧĥ·ʽ
мڴˣ˳ֻȥһţ֮ǰıʣȴûлȥֱҴ˵صĸ߽֣Լÿʱỵ̈ǴȥӽڤĻȪ֮·˴ʵΪΪС
һܳɹģ
һΪʦ𣡡
һҪҶЦ֮ǰԼĵ۷壡뱨У
˳һȺƷϽһʨԺȻ֣һ֣ʯ쾪֮ƣȻΪս߳Ѫʼջܣ·Ҫȼ˼
ʦûɵ飬
ʦԸɣ
Ȼһ죬˳Ϻ쳾죬ΪһȺףԾʦĵӣԶʦĵӣ
ʦӡˡ
˳Ȼˮгȴƥһ罫һͷһʨնΣ
ȷԼڵѧ磬Ѿ˵ԪƷϵĲΡ
ǣľԾɻԶԶƥ䲻ԼǺ纣Ϊ
Ҫٽһһ
Ҫǰ
˳ڽȺһʨ֮Բͣͬһ㣬ͦĴ֮У̤ĺĵشȥ
󣬾һƬǽ塣
Ů֮ҲҪս£
ΪѲԼҺʦˣһͬǰ
һ죬չԼĻԻͣôϣҴɾͽ
£
ĵ죬һҪһ֮ڣԼĳΪ۷֣
㣬һ˴Ϊȫã
һҪʹݾΪߣҪģ·ʦߣ

УһƬǰҾڽγ͡
Ŵ˿̶Ѿʶˣһ˵̨˷ժȡʥɳȥʵ״ʧ١
ʧٵĻֻһɵ֡
ǰ֣ʧˡ
˶˫Ʈ죬ߴŵټ֣
ֻһʧٵ֣ʹﵽˡ
һȫǾ֡
ʲôӵܹһǿʵһ򾡣
©
űϻά򾲣׷ױʾϧһսԸʵȴ˾壻򽭺̽Щʧ֮˵䡣
ȴʼȫϢ
ƺЩ֣ôƾһ㡣
һıʣȴƽһװըˡ
ǳţȴŴ֮һ˾ңһҹ֮䣬ȫŮףȮвϤϴһա
һҹ֮䣬Ѿ˼ǧ꣬ʵ򶥶˵һңȻôûˡ
˾еʵȻ֮ߴĳһξ룻˵ȴҲ֮ǰĴңʵԲС
һɴһҹ֮䣬߽ɢ
ͻϢͺһף޻ٵ˵ͷ
һѪɫѸÿ˵У
ع֣˾Ҷɱ֣ͬеĳ֪ͨѾʼжˡ
ֻǲ֪һĿ꣬˭
ŵ˷׷ǰ·ص㣬ʹѱ˾ҵַ棬ȴԾûзְмֵ
ֵˣһѪû¡
ް
ͻȻϮһ֣Զ伣


521 
һȫ׵ķʽ֣˽Ϯϯջ֮࣬ȫټĳ롣
˵ɵʵҪʲôʲôƿȣʲô鱨磬ʲôܰšֱֻһ˸оͷ
ʣ̫ˡ

ӥƵ磬ڸ߿мٴУȥҩɽʱɫҶЦýӥЪϢһҹϾ˵ؾҶҼѾԶʱһصҶҵĻʱ䲻ǺܺʣĪһҹٻؼңΪǡ
ӥҶЦ˵ɶҲϡ
ҶЦ˼⣬便
Ϊʲô㲻ԼһͽļɽɶʵⶼûУɽΣȫʵ
ӥƣԣ˵νɽʯͷģǰһɽĻӰһһʯͷûСϢҪ
ɶɶûУɽɽĻӰ
ҶЦڽӥĻشһ
ԼԾɵҩɽ㿰ͱļƣؾʲôûأ
Ƥû˰ӥԴ㣬ӥгƣĽУϴϢҷ˰쾢ڸ˿ûȥ˸ôţһȥϹôΡ
ҶЦһ鴤
սӥ˵ҩɽΪԼս޾ռ֮УֻӰ״̬ǲ˵ȻԼ֮ȫֻ֮ƬӰڣ
ɽ湻ġ

֮£ҶЦýӥеɣҵطˣҲãҴϢҲգԼǲ乲ߵģԼһ˸ҶҼǱ߰ɣʱ䣬ϰһˣҲõˣ
·ҩɽɽ·ϡ
һڸ·˪ºˡ
һ춯ֻ߿һʯҲƵİӰɲǼʧӰ
ÿ죡
¹ѩ״һ
¹ѩţȻͬ죬ղǵӰȥƽĪ𺧡
ʦ棬ղӹʵǵӰӦһλʱǿڸ·ɣ¹ѩʵ
Ӧǡ˪ºġеһɲǣѾȻǴϻˣ˿ȴֲ˵¹ѩĳƺԼΪʦ桱ŮνŰɡòƲʡ
ܰɣòҲʡ
զ
治֪զǺˣ
˼ʵٶȣΪѵ֮ίʵƹϣһ䷨칬ѩ֮¡
ºý˲⣬Ȼǽ֮Ƚϣ֣һҪһġ
ȻôԭѾµ˵ãȴҲû뵽Ȼȵز¹ѩȵ˵ȻôǿߣȴʲôҪ飬ʩչ˼·⡭ֱǲ󡣡
¹ѩһľ˪ºһĺߣȴǰ
Ҫ飿
϶еġ
ǼŻؼҵŰݼλ谡
ԴԿһһĴ£ܲ
ȻߣЦͺ쵶ǵȼ𡭡ҶЩǴ˵񻰼ÿÿȴԵ֮ʶ治֪˵޺Ǵ󺶡
ȿȣǻץʱ·˪ºεĿԼߴһ¡
ֻҪ飬һλصҶҼǷ޾ñط꣬ͺúõĹǵСӰɡ˪û飬ǧҪٳˡ
ѩ׵ġ¹ѩһ飬Ҷ죬Ƿ޷ֱʮ꣬ҵĶһûһһȥȻҪúõǿĺһѵõ֮֡ʲô
飬Ҳǲġ
¹ѩ㽣·óԵģÿ춼£˯
ȿȿȡ
Ҷ˪ºһ
·óԵģ£˯
Ϊӻʮǰ㻳еССӤ
˪иţȥڼϹû˵˵ӡ㲻˼졣Ҫˡǡ
Ȼ仰϶޷˵ġ
ȻҶҼȻԸ;оĳصʱȻǹƼҶ컹Ǵ¹ѩȥݷһ¡
ĳȻҶֵܵļ塪μң
ΰݷμҶܳ̿״

ǿҶҵļã
μҶԴҶ̬ȣֱӾǹ˹
ξԭҶʲôڻʲôȻ֣֮׺ȴ˿ģǫȻˣξı̬ȣҲͲҶЦϿɵġ塱ˣ


522 ֵܼ
ξʱμҵȨ죡гڽѵԼĺ󱲣ԺѣһҪξѧϰ㿴˼ҵĽֵܣڿΨһ
һҪ꣬ѣһһһաҶǵʱξ岻޷˵֧ĻĽ飿
˵ˣкñ
ֵ˼棬Ըпꡣ
硭βྡ޸ξЦĵ׵ޱοҶЦС쵰أûжʱûСˣ
ػڼأȥûСҶǺһЦ
磬ҿɸ˵С˵һҪݺݹ̲ܽУξЦţ治֪ǱԹǿ佱ССͣѾǹƶˣСı㣬ٳϽ治СΪҲҸߵöˣඣϲˡ
ξһ̶꣬һЩȴҶЦĸνξɫ
ⷬ¹ѩþ۷Ź⡣
¹ѩϲģ˿佱Լӣ񿴵ξһõ˵
ֵ˵ﻰҪ㶼ˣΪ񲻵˵ԼϵˣôĺֵܻͣҪһ𲢼ǰУúõعһءж֮䣬ǲ飬¼ӡǣ񲻰쳾һ⡣Ҷ˵
ʸҶһϯ֮ҲμҵԪϣһ
һӵһѣԱҶ˵仰֮˾гһ
Ҫľ仰
ҶȻһ˰
һʱֵܣһֵܣ벻빲
ģֵ֮䣬һһպξЦٱһָĶξʹĶȥҶҡμңֻ˵ֵ꣬еûģڻ
ã˵úãеûģȻڻҶЦ
ϣҶξǺȵһͿ
Ʒ֪ǧ٣ȻҪһһˣܲ
¹ѩ˿˼ûйֻǳмؿξľξƣˣ¹ѩ˸м֪ˣһֱԼɷһ·벻ֵ֮飬ʤʯ
ѵǶ£Լɷͦ˹
߿ô˵ûξһ·飬;ûڵҶ죡
ԼɷĺֵܣȼͼһӦ֮⣡
ԼչһʲôٶҲûϵ
ֻҪ壬ôȣǾô£
Ҷԭֻǰݷһξֵܺ͸ǻؼңϾ¹ѩǺżҪñĶӣֵۣ֮շξʢ֮£ҶԵЩԥ¹ѩƽ⣺ӾڼôʲôֵȴǺþòˣͶһҲûʲô˵ֵܾƷ֪һöྴֵܼء
ȻںȾƽУ¹ѩϾƣξȻ߲ܣǡ¹ѩһ߾ƣһʶӵ飬ξϲ˵˺ö࡭
¹ѩԽԽоԽԽ˷ܣԽԽ
ξ˵Լܲˡ
ܣ˵ЦЦǼ竵ģ¹ѩЦȤ
ɩ¶˵ıˡξһͷߡ
ʵڶ㲻ξֻýԼƴĹһ࣬²֪Ǳܿ¹ѩ׷ʡ
ȳҹһ˱ס
ȻҲͲ֪һҹ֮УطҶҼҶЦҶҼΧɱ䡣
˵мۣŵҶҼģֻѰɫҲ֪ҶҼûи򣬳̫ǿ֣˷ѣ˳;֮ȴֶ˾޴
֮ǰŴ뿪͵ĺ˫չƷɺ죬Ȼֻˡ
ֱҶ
ˣΪߵĲŲһԪƷĸ߽ߣʵҶţǹõģҲ֮ףչƷʲôˣȻ˲ոսԪƷԾѾǿ֮ˣ
ɷ˼ˣǿжֺô죿
˼ãֱڸ
չƷܲҶҴŰɣֻҪչƷˣҶʼкƿ
ʱҲ١
һ㣬˵ĿҶ򸾻ҶЦǴδֻܾҶҺ壬ҶûҶЦҲڼңչڴˣΪԾ͵Ҷ򸾡ҶЦСӹ֮ʱ֡
Ǻ˼Ǳһչ˸ϽһߴҶ򸾵Ϣ


523 ϴҶҼ
ϧʵʧ͸չƷ˾Ȼǳٳٲ뿪ҪפҶһ㡣
֪չһǴġ
ҶЦôߵã
ҪǾôȥˣֵܱ״ص˻Ƥ
ԴӺʧ֮״ϴĳȴûаϢ
ʱλȻԼΨһıͽܣֱøոջصɣƨɻûӵչƷɺҶЦ
СʦܣҲ»ˣ״شźӣС¶첻ãֱȥ԰࡭ÿԵˡ
չƷһ·糾صɣִһͷΡ
аģһΣǰҲҪҶЦȥ
ҪȻʵûˡ

ҶЦȥһɲǣڸ߿գȴظо
ҶլƺвٳϢȻп䣬ϧҶЦǿʶĸӦ֮£ܶΡ
ҶЦ˳ϢϣʱϳԷǳŵµӡ
ҶЦ״ŭɣûֽһ˼˼ȻѾˣػûҶңʱ֣ԽЩ˻֮ɨһա
ҶЦǰΪʵЩˣǻӻֵ飡
Ϊṩ䳡壬ҲϤҶЦֶΣһ
һҹϢ֮УһɿǰҵѪҶҼϿա
ڶ졣
С嶼ˡ
ʵԼ֪ģϾ뱻Ҷϵ˴˻ͨޡȻ֪ʲô顣
Ȼ֪ҵʲôˣһԿ϶ЩҶҵĵˡ
Щ֮Ҷźһ㣬Сĵ̷ţʲô⣬Ҷó
Զ׼ҪȡҶĵλ
㣬һС嶼ʾּɣ֮ǰȻʾ˶ҶҵĳҶҽɾʹƵ״óϷƮƹ¹кǿְ֧ˣϾҶңֻһ壬ȻâʢʵȴְļԱںģʵʵֻѴ
˿϶֣Ƕɵ϶ҲǳʵȻּɵģ˵ˣǲּɣڱи壡
ҸֵһʵͳӰķˣ
ɵжԤûֵҶңڱȻ
ڵ״ȫϣǻ˵ĶһƲûأֱӱˡ
ȱ仯񲻴۾Ҷҵʵʵ˹𣿣

ҶЦ㶨ˣС֮࣬ҹϻҶңⷢչƷɶڴ˵Ϣȥɵһ졣
Сȥˣ
ҶЦչƷɵͲһ
Сӣ֮ǰ˵õľڼôһתĹ򣬾ûˣȥŶ˵㵽ʲôطȥҲðû֪
ôصʧˡ
˵ʧʧ٣˰ܴˣ
յ֮࣬ĵĵģΨʲôʱͽӵʦδϣ֮˵š
˼ʼһӦǾϲҪ
Ҳúݺݵһ٣Լͷ뵣Ľǣ
Ҳǳȥһôʼղ򲻾ãѵüµأҶЦͷλʦǲ֪Ů֮࣬߻֮֮֮˴Լ֮绪֮
ɶףŮоٳô
Ҫĳ
չƷɺҶЦĻˣǻﻰĵòƺ¡
չʦһȰϵ飬ǧҪءչƷ̾˿ЩɸֵĿҶЦ
ǵģչʦ˵һ㶼ûȻҲѾ˿ӻıǮŮ֮ϣһҪԼĸ顭ǧҪ⸶Щ£˾ԻͷһҲ׷
ҲǳصĿ
ǱɡҲҪԼԺշת಻ߵζҪáЩͳ
λʦ˵ʲôɷ˵øһ㣬Ҳ̫ǵ˼ҶЦƣҸղ˵ʲôˣ˵˺ܶŮݴʣͶ벻ͶйϵôǸ˵ʲô
Ҹɶѡ
ϣÿ˶Ǹ츳Ůǡүǹƽģһ츳δػܸߣͨƯŮˣܾ⡭ԽƯŮˣԽ


524 ף
֮УνȱȽǡΪΪǵѾǲŬ߲ҪŬıǮ
ƯѾĪʱʵ
˵ȣ˵ѾԪΪǧ˰겻⣬ԺΪˣԪһ˵ԪƷߣͿͨ˿еĴ˵ǧ꣬ꡭ
ôһŮˣòʱ㣬ֵ׳ȵȥƤ׷ʱ㻹׳ģҪΪкӣҲû츳츳ǿȻҪ˥ϣϲȻɡ
㣬ȴûⷽ⡭ֻεԡȻѡУ뾡취ΪҲǶӳʮ£Ҳܸ
ģУһһյĥһһµĴݲУһһĲϡһһص𡭡һһε˺
㷢֣ȻǿȻͨ󣬵ⷽ棬ֻγܣΪʱǿߣҲ޿κΣ
չƷȻ˵£жپž޵ǰֻҪŬֻҪǰһͻƣǺ쳾Ͼȴնֹˡ
ԪݽߣҲȥһء
ΪһȥˣԸƳ£ǡǡǡпĹ¶
ǿߵߴʤ
ǵľΪǷݹ¼ţȥϡȥ˷ľءǱϿȥٷ硢ഺפΨǿģȻɣǧٿס
Ҫϵľ硭Ů֮鷽棬һҪأ
鶯һʱףѣ
һҶЦǵĵı顣
Сʦܴ˼ʷ绪ïáʱһ鶯̫ĻĻһӰ
ˣҶЦ
֪λʦ˷Ѿǲ䣬Ĵǣ׵ΪԼãԭҪȤ䡰λʦܹˣ˸пĻ
룬Ǿ䡮ӷ绪Ƥ׷ȥȴȻ׳ģֻܿţΪ޿κεһδε𡭡
⼸仰ȴͻȻоһɬ
ǺεȲҵĸ飿
ȴǺεεľ
ҶЦȻһ̾
ҿҵĸ鲻Ҫ
ҶЦţͻȻﶸȻһ
Ӧ߲Ҫд˹ǣҹҲҪŮѾ˼ʵĻӦһϺ쳾죬϶ϲʲô£ҹ±Ѿֻ±ʱҪ׷ĽŲǡô죿
ȻǾţ˼䲻Ǹҽٶȡܼҵֻع֮ȻΪһǰУֱҷ޷ҵҷ֮»Ҫ쳾䶺ܾáһ
ҶЦйءһĿܣ޲ҵʱֻعʵ
ǡټȴֵȥҵ
ҲͲأ
ȴҲֻǻȻһ̾
治֪Ѿͷȥˣ٣ȥ޺ۣҪȥѰء
λʦ֣Сʱûⷽ濼ǣγֻΪɢģŮƣĪ˵ˣЩҶЦ̾˿λʦ֣ôôͻˣ
ʲôûпǣǶǹˣǵ㻨˭չƷ֮Աǣб۾˵һ׹ӣˣ磬֪
ҶЦʱ
ʲôһ׹ӣ
ʲôԣ
Ȼ˵ĻôףҲ˵԰ɣ
߶߶˵׹ĻȻ˵⣺Ǵ˴ǰĿλʦǴȥչƷ˵ţһƬףϴûȥȥ˾ͱȺŹˡ
ҶЦȻ
һǰƽټ١Ͻصɡ˭ġ
ΪΣΨˣҶҲſȫչƷ仰˵ҶЦԼҲòͷϿɡ
仰ʵ
ԼߣͲ̫ƽ
ǳţǵҪĿĻҪԼȥгһսѹڵ
ô˵ûߵİȫҲҪ֤С
һֱ߳ʣввȣԼǾǲȣ
һҶЦĵĻڡ¹ѩҶԼҪȥĿԾ̫С


525 ĸ
һƽ١ֻԼظ֣־ȳֻ»治С
ȻڽиĴ˵
ԡûǺܼʱΡ
ҶЦתţصĵ˵ͷ֪ˣʦֻطǣ
չƷɺҶЦ϶Ĵ𸴣Ǵһ
ҿһͬˡ
ҪȻԼλȥλʦ巢ԼûܹһȥĻ϶һͨϱţ˾ͼĴ˸
Ǻʵֲ̫ˣˡ
֮
¹ѩҶһˣڻصҶҼ
ۿϤȴ־Υؽʱ¹ѩ鱶Լǿ첽ɵҶլ۶ȥҶںûϡ
ڿҶҴŵ˲䣬¹ѩȴǽŲԽԽ
ԭء
ôˣҶʵ
ղŷ˸߲ҡ°Ȼôȴôءٲǰأ
롭¹ѩȦͨ죺ôûӣô겻᲻ң᲻᲻ҡ
ԽԽģ£Ǹְĸףõӵ׽
Ҷ찲οǼЦЦܹԵģ춼㣬ʹ֪ٴˣȥʡؼң˵ĿСӣûܵġ
¹ѩȴһûʧٳٲҽš
ǽӣ˼ʵ¹ѩȴǽӣֻӦ˵ǽӣ
ʱ
ҶլԭյĴͻȻ֨ѽһˡ
֮¶һĹһͨĵ̺ʻĿԺӣǽڣݡƺգҲǱһƬ޵ĺɫ
ֻǣȴǾûһˣѤȱ˼
¹ѩ״һס죬Ҫϲϲ
һĻȻѾ˶ӶԼĻӭ
Ȼǰˣȴʤ
ۼһĻͬһӡ
ֱ㲻öȴ㹻飬ϾһţĿǺȾصίʵǰһ衣
̺ͷ
һƬʺС
Ӱһ
һһϮµˣԻͦΣӢò˼
߾һһͶ㣬д⣬ȻֻͨнڣȴȻȻشƬأһ
һ壬һϢ
˵ĳ֣һƬ޵ĺɫ˲ø
ǰֻһôڣѾǳʵĻþ
ã
ǼĺΣĿиǳһֶƲסĳ嶯
ҶЦ
ҶЦֵһɲǣ¹ѩһҡҡ׹ľš۾ʱˮɣԿƵ¡
ҵĶӣ
ҵĶӣ
ôƯôʣôݾҶӣĶӣ
¹ѩứһĸ֮Ѫ飬Ȼ
ȪӿˮȻģߣȴڼҶЦĵһʱ䣬ͼᶨΪǣҵĶӣ
Ǵ߳İ·żȻ¹ѩҲܹʱ϶ҵĶӣ
ϵǿ⣡
ҶЦڿ¹ѩһɲǣĵҲǲ֪ԴʲôɣĪһ£ΪԼľΪôҲ̵ܹסڹڼ
ʵ֤ٺûãһĸ׵˲䣬еǷ𶯣ȴȫƽѹƶѹƲȥ
ǰ֮ˣһĸ
ѾҶЦһμ¹ѩ֮ǰϮԮ֮ʣԶԶˣȻʱҶЦʶĻرҶ򸾣û˴棬ҶЦĿǰʶȻѽ¹ѩϢоȫμģ
ֻǴ˿̣֮ǰӡȫɢͷֻһִֵȻ𣺡裬衭
ҶЦⲢԼı𶯡ԼΪǸѾʧ˵ҶЦ
֮ǰҶЦȻ竣һ޳ɣĵԾɴһִԴӶԴӼ¶𣬾ûмԼĸס
κһ˵ɶǴȱ
һ̣ҶЦѡûѹƣͷǹɲȦˢһͺˣЩ¹ѩһ㵱
ҶЦߵһʱ¹ѩѾƷһ˹һеĽҶЦ§˻ôţҶЦֻоһεὫԼ·Ѹٽʪ
ЦЦҵĶӡ¹ѩţ
õ˼¹ѩһҲƲסԼ
ǻ˼ǡǣңһһεˮ֮У
ʮȥˣ¹ѩÿһ춼룬ЦЦӦôˣӦҪô·ˣ᳤ӡ
һһԺйնӵ


526 Բ
ӽĽ֮صĵһ𣬾ţ˼ţţһһ죬һһ£һһ꣬¹ѩԺеģҲûκͷ
ڼӣ֪Լе󣬾Ȼô԰ף˼ʱŶӵ̤ʵо¹ѩоӵȫ硣
治֪Ҷ֪Ӵ˿̵飬οأǼʣ
ԼӣһˣȴеӵȫһҸУǸ˶ʹ죬ӱŵǸˣԼĶӡ
¹ѩ˿̿ɲҶ쿪Ĳģ˲ˣĵ˼ɬ㣬ֿ֣ο֡
¹ѩһԵֿЦȫƲסԼ
֮󣬲Ȱο֮£滺ȴһҶЦ֣Ͽ¿·ôҲһ㡣
ҶЦȫܹоԼڻȸԾ
ѾٽԭҶЦһƲл꣬Լ𶯣ҶЦҲемҵˡ
ôĹ¶ģֱ죬ʱգʱ˿̣ڸܵемǸʲôӵζһԵҸ
иˡ
ˡ
ȻǱԼСȻܹԼİޣǣֻҪڣԼ䣬Ͳһûиĺӡ
һ̣ԭҶЦһл꣬ҶЦϵںϣ˴Ǣϲúᡭ
ۿҶЦ¹ѩ§ŵĽΧ˪ºгĽ
Ҹˡ
ǡ
˪ºĽ֮࣬ԹȻǴ裬Ҳǵ裬ûа취ȥϡ
ҶЦתͷСѾͷеĽԹȴҲֻ̾˿ԼΪͨ죬ͨ󣬿Ǿ£ԾǺް취
ϣҶ´ϯЦüһãȫ¾Ǻڡ
Ҷˣÿ˶ЦݣһһԺӡ
ҶЦ¹ѩҶ֮䣻Ӽ浽ڣ¹ѩ񣬾ûдӶ뿪һʱƬ̶ûС
˳磬ϲ˹УΡ
ƺҪʮǷӵĸ̵ʱȫ
ЦЦ
ЦЦô
ҪȻԸ

ҶЦԼǰĲ͵߸߹𣬲ЩĿࡣ¹ѩϵкóԵģȫѵԼǰӵĶȥ𣿣
ô࣬žιһͷóԳˡ
Ҷ췢˶ӵΣʧЦѩҪǶӸôôԵꣿһͷҲԲôడ
¹ѩĶͷҲԣôЩЦЦ϶ԲģǡЩ˵ζã㶼˰ɣҪ˷ѡ
˵žͽ·ɽʮ֮˾ŶתƵҶֻҶЦʣȺģóԵĽһ磺ЦЦ㻹ǳЩȺġ˵۲ԣƺ󡣡
Ҷ°ͣЩĿǰѻɽĲиʣˣ²һ񺮡
ЩҪԴˡ
֮ǰһ·ϣֻԼ¹ѩ˵ʱǶô˴оֻñ˴ˣ磬ޱߡ
ڿɵãһӣȻͽԼƲӰ١
е⣬ʱתơ
ԼҪ䵽ƺʣĲҵزô
Ҫҵ𣿣
ҶЦ˼ȴظܵ˪ºڴİͰҶЦεЦЦҲ԰˵žͽԼǰĲ˷һȥ
Ҷ״ʱһ
ЦЦƽʱͦͦһˣզܸɳôɵأ
ЩȾǺöʼնԼӼйġ
ңеġ
ǿкλǿ߳Էʹ꣬ҲҪӲЩµİɣ
̫ʧˣֱǵܣ
һ̵һĻ׵߸Ҷ֪أ˪º״ȴǰһллӹҶЦ͹ĲȣֱӵͷڴڵشŮȻһ֣ȫްģ
ûȫ
ȻĸԼйĸ׼и磬ָԼôʵҲ׼йģûзֱ𣬽ǡ
˪ºȻԳһĸ׵ĹذָоŮԣνŮͷ֮࣬ۿ졣
º̾˿ڴھ׽ŷˣȻҶ˶ҶСӵĹذĽǽ׾ͱĸûмĸģҪ˵ʲôйˡ쵹ҪҶСӵˣ
˪Ҫ˵ΨӰ˽ϲա
仰ȴҲ̲סȻ̾˿


527 û
һʱ䣬˾ԳȻ
ҶЦ룬˵Ҳû취飬ȻǸ߽λ棬ȭͷ磬߹ȻҪΪƷǣѰ˼ңֻģһڷȲϺ½λǰʱǸʱѰӼѡճͱĸδǸĸԸΪĳЩأǼȷʵ
δ֮顭
ҶЦ˵ˣʼջҪڵ£ڹڻͽ˱
Ҳ׷Ȱο˪á
չƷɡѾǵڶκ˪ºһϳԷһεձ֮ǰον滺˺ܶࡣ
չƷ̾ϢСʦ˵ǣʮа˾ţһ֮Уɢ鵱治١ȼǵİǰżȻȥ½ȥʱǧ겻ļģʱ򣬲е
Ŀã˼ʹԼˣֻΪȴֲ뺢ӶĻǺõġΪǻҵ͵ˣ߿ˣЩˣɴ
ȴǽСĺֱӵΪûлҲûԼҰԼûɣĺӣֻȫһѡӵǣȻǴһʹһʱʡչ˺ӵľʳȴܱ֤һʣ˻άϵȥȡᡭ
ֵ꣬ܿҲͽ̾κΡΪɢԼȥԴȴҲֻǱˮн
½֮ܵұˣϴܣȴԼ֪Լ£ǵʵ㸲ǷأƵƻ˵˾ܹľ̫ˣ
Ǻ֣ǻʩչɽ֮ܣɽȣǴֺȴ֡ĿɽҰˮ޴ӣ޲ߡ
Ȼǿйˮն˶Ĥݣȴ֪ǲûⳡĻ
̾Ϣţ˪λҲعڻıΪһ˵Դ
˪Щ磬ΪǵĵֵܹȥǡҲֵˡ
ºЦΪʲôӵĺӣֻѵǲǵĹѪ𣿡
չһ仰˵úãԼ֪Լ£ʼŮޡм˪ǿЦοãʵǣ˭˵ˣֺ֮˴磬ǲӵĻǡ
˵ӵǣǵ컯ˡºЦЩ꣬ҴǶѡǼˡߡ
չƷɿЦһλϣˡչĳð˵һ䣬¶λⱲӣܹؼǵĸĸĻᣬȴ΢΢
ĬȻͷ
Ǹʱ򣬲òԼģΧѾѵ൱زȻ˼ѣǾ;ԲʿӲǿߡ
ֻͨ˵Ļζȹĥ£
ºֺγ֪ۣ仰ȴҲйһͷԹ޶ѡ
֮ǽнգǶǵĴ硭˪ٱһ̲סҶЦһۡ
ҶЦޱ顣
һٵ磻λ硱˭֪չƷɺ쾡оЩľ°ٰ˪ǧȶˣȶ˾ƷҲҪһ㣬ǧ𷢸Ʒ裬˷Źȥ
ϾλĴ磬ЦҶЦŽⲻĳԹ
ˣλŻ֪ɣЦֳˣûе𡣡Ҷ쿴չƷɻһıأϽϵйϢΪбҪλ˵һµġ
㡭˵ɶչƷɺɫ䣬ͬʱվ
ͷ̫ӡ
Ц˼ûк쵶ǰҲûҶ϶˵һڹ;֮Уеļ˵֮ǰõЦǰһԮ֣Σ˼⾪֣һֻѹ߾Ȫˡ
չƷɺ켸Ҳ˳⡭ôܣ
˵ʲôҲţЦȻû
⡭ֱ
Ҷ콫ȼ쵶֣Ц¶棬һɵжһϸϸ˵һ顣˵˵ţҶ쿴һҶЦ˵Цһ˷ǳ졭Цһλˣ˼㣬ͺѩҲ֪أܾǰʱǰλ˰˷֡
˪ºҶЦһ̾㶼ǻһ
ŭѩɵ棻֪װƣװװ¶˰ɣ
쵰


528 ܷ񻯽
ҶЦ¸̣ɫȴ˿ôȻû۵üλ˵еĺͣ׹µա
аңҿѩֵʱ򣻻ǱԼŽò࡭Ļӷǵô˲ɡ
ҶĿһݣЦЦҿǼǵ˵ϵҩǸǲǻʲôû߹ң
ûУ֮ǰ뿪˺ֵܣͶΪ֪νͷ£ʣ֮꣬һЩҩֵʲôҶЦ˵
ֵʲôСûʲô֪Ǹ飬ڴ·;Уҵҩﻹ˪λǰӣ֪ﻹλǰЩ鵤˵һ䣬Щҩ򶼾޽еľƷ񵤣һųֽһѪȺƽ٣˼ôĺö˵ɣҶ
¹ѩԲڵʲôЦЦǳȻ֪Щҩ󡭡ֶҶЦЦЦΪҲ˵䣬Ѷνϣô˵ܺȳ˼أԺ򲻿ˣûУ
ҶЦº˪еɵۣ򸾵ôԲģôͶȻ״أ
ҶֵЦЦղ˵ҲպѾ˵ܶˣʵǳܻеģ˵ʵǷȻ֮˼㺮ѩǰҪ࣬ȴΪòȻΪᣬȴ뺮ǰ˾ųɣֻ±Ǻѩǰĺˣ
˪ʱزһ䣬һ˵ѩòиӡ谮һʵҲΪ˵ãνһĺ֮㡣
ҶͷǾûˣǺСֵܶǺѩӡ
ҶЦǺĵͷǻ쵰ȻǺѩӣ´μҪúһ¡Ȼѣ⻹ˣ
ҶٶȻһСҪ˼Ҳſ£ȣǽе͵ܰԼϰ֡үүߣʲôˣҪٸȳ⺮СֵܣСӽѵ㣡
¹ѩҶһۣʲôЦЦһ˵ͻ۸ˣһЦЦǺСֵܶν飬ɲ۸˼ңӲ˼ҵǷģ
ҶЦϴӦȴԽԽζʲôأôµ˵ˣкô䵽ѩǼһˣҿν顭Ȼȷʵ飬⻰ôôŤأ
ͬҶЦƱŤ˪ŮһЦһЦ
ҶЦ֮࣬͵͵سһҲãŤҲգȴЩЦԷǣôѩǻԼӡ
飬Ҳǹˡ
ǽ⣡
⣡
Ҷ˺ҪԺҲҪϢİ֮
漴ֽصЦҶЦͺ쵶չƷעλȷϻع飬ϺѩӦĸɱ纮ĳҲܲ
ǵǰҲ˵Ҷ򸾸ЦӦ֮ԨԴҶЦСҲѩĺ˳˲岻⣬Щ൱ϵ˵
ҶҸӲ˷ɺµñôƮƹ¹ԭܵͻἴʱʧǣľ
Ҷ˵ҶĳЦͺ쵶ǵӢۺܣ᳦ģ˷ٶɺ쳾ΪǴʤֻ֮С
Ȼ˵飬ЦЦ˵Ҳֻǲѣ˫гԹ٣ȴδûĻ⡭ڴ֮󣬹ŷĿɳ𣬻˽ޡ
ҶĳҲ֪Լ΢ᣬ׻˵úãԩ˽ⲻ˽᣻߹ϵǸĻЦΪؽ󣬻нζԹһʹܵģ
Ҷ̽˵漴ЦҲҸ˵쿪ѡʼջҪ˫˼Ҳôһ˵
ҶЦĵ׺ǵ⣬Լϰֿ˻ǱȽ׼ȷģȻЦֻ֮Եȴ᳦֪ģؽ纣Ը߽ʡ
һ߶ĳ˵̲ѣޣ㲻һֱƶС˱𣬴絽ûûˣɶʱôؽˣ
Ҫ˵˼黳һеţ˵УԼô
չƷȴһ
ǵܹЦ֮ĳԹǶں˵һĺ¡


529 ϣ
ֵƮҡ֮ʣ󱾾ͽԼΣϮȽټʱƽЦҶЦͺ쵶кѩǿС
ôӦƽٵŲٴۿۡ
ʹ˱ȫĨҲǲܵġ
˵ĵ˼㲻ѣҲǿͨͬĵϣЦ˾ɢޣǱ߾ͬºأ
ޡǿ϶ģҲԭΪ˶ͳ⡭չƷɿЦڵⷴЦͺ쵶λ벻롭ˣɶǸǿߡҶ㵱ȷЦͺ쵶ˣ
һߣº˵չƷɣ⻰ʲô˼ʱǽҲڳģ׶ţѵмٵˣǿǵĸ硣
һȳ⣬չƷɺ췴ǰһ
һĿ˲ʱרע˪ºϣĳȡڴ
ںҪγޣǰ϶һҲûУڡȻλûɣУﻹЦأ
޵ıҪӹҪһ˫м˵Ρ
м˵ķҪأҪܹӰ쵽˫ˣռǷˡ
ԸղҶͽ˵ʱչȻҲĶȴҵ波ԣϾҶ΢ᣬ˵Цˣ
˪ºϴӦæĻ״ɾȫһˡ
ϵȫͬ˵
ڴ֮ǰչƷѹûЦҶЦ֮ĳ޾ȻǿԻģǸҲܻгѪ
졣
֮أ
ϾдЦ쵶ɵʵʣµ֮ˣӦѩ˪ºˣȻ˴֮䣬ֻ಻һ;
ڵ־޴仯ЦҶЦû쵶ҲûؼﶼڵĻôνޡƺҲûôذɣ
ٲ˵ȫ޻أ
γԹֻҪԸ⸶㹻ĳ⣬Ǻпܵġ
չƷɺ䶯ȵĿע˪ƽ߬С
ȴҲ˵Ǿ仰
һߵҲͬ
֪ܿʵУȴ˺һԭڣ˵Ĺζô˵ҲǲôõΣ
ΪɵĴ˹ȻΣⷴڡȻ̸ˣŵʲô˫⣬Ǳȴ⣬ˣΨһֻǡֻܽ˴֮ĳԽԽ
һʱ䣬˶ڵǰ״òˡ
˪ºˣβǵľڣȴֹⲻǣڣߣҪǰæͿǳжˡ
˵ʵڻҴˣؼھţѾŶȴȥ󡭡ɶã
Ҫǿͷ˺ôתͷ͵ñߣȻ󻹱ѵһ١
ɵ¶ǽ𣿵ɵô
ҶЦЦЦλʦֻǲҪˣνͷȻֱͬҵ˵ЦǴʴ֮ʿ᳦ģؽ纣ֻҪͳ㹻ĳ⣬ûʲôԹǲɻġ
һӺߵĶԴˣô̯ôһڲپأ
չƷԥһᣬ̾һ˵ֻɫ䣬Щ
˪ºĳ˵仰ȻҲ²ĳ˵Ľڲ٣ȴһ˪Це˵ڽҽлᣬȻæ˵ϼ仰ġǽõӴֻǹõġ
չƷԵʱϲûӵĵл
ҶЦ˸ۣԼĳŵ˵ϵӣձѾͷȥء
ϧ飬Ҷ춼֪˵ˣ
ϯ䣬˵ڽеĴ仯ҵǰף档չƷɳûƽٽλҪҶЦȫɣԲȫ
ڴ棬ʵ̫ΣˣҶЦϵδƣпܳΪжԵĿ꣬ߣΪȫ
¹ѩʱԼ߲ŸտӣദһգԶȥ֮⣿չƷ˵Ҳе˪º֤
˶ң˪ºȳ֣ҲûаٷְٵԱգοԼӣչƷԣΨλ̫ϳߣΪȫ
ӦɣҪʱ롣
Ӧɡӵİȫ˭ϣ
¹ѩٽᣬѡ


530 δ
ںƽ֢״֣׻δʽǻﶺһСʱ䡭չƷƽ˵һֹ֮
ҶԹһЦּڻ˿̵ĽգɫȴǸ¹ѩһ
ϾӷãŸոžû죬Ҫٶȷֱ𣬼˼ҶһԾǲܵġ
ϣһھ;¹ѩҶķ졣
¹ѩ۾ҶЦԽԽϲֱ޲ýӱ˵ҶЦҪȴ˵ɶҲԸ⡭
Ϊˣ޷Цǵˡ
ҶЦֲ֧˵ѩǶӿǴСˡ㻹Ҳ̫쿪˰ɹ
¹ѩˣһۣԼӣ뱧žͱţžţܵô˵
ҶԵʱЦģðɺðɹܲŹܲôžôţ㻹ô
ôһȤ¹ѩҲӲ⣬Ҷ˵ǴСˣôҲȷʡ
һһ˴ڣһһ䣬ãʱҹ¹ѩȴԽԽܣ˿⡣
ֹ˰֮ҶЦ̽˵֪ĸ׺͸׶δһʲô
δ¹ѩ۲ŶӣȻЩ׶ͻһʻּڡ
ҶЦپðβŽ͵ҵ˼˵Ϊһߣ֮·ȿȣ˵֮ϣиλ쳾죬ǿ߾۾ӵĵط
¹ѩԼʱԥҡͷҶҲͬһʱҡͷ
޶ˣԼͬͬ
Ҷ¹ѩ˱˴˶һۣȻ˶Է뷨¹ѩȻһǾ˵ɣ˼·˵붵ת
ҶԸӣĬһ£õҵܹϺ쳾졭Ϊĸ桭
̤ߵ·ĵһ롣һֱĸס
ҶƵôıʣôķ롭Ҹоʲôݵλܹ¡ΣҲһҸһҪ
Ҷ쳾죬̫ңԶˣҺѾȥЩˣȻǻǰҲȥˡ
Һ裬Ƕν۷ĽɫҲйλߵ飡
еñʧ֮Ȼй󣬱Ȼ治Ƶĸ
Ȼڵȴ֮׵ģֻҪúõ⼸ʮϰꣻһƽأḶִ֮́ϣ㹻ˡ
ǾôıʣģίʵѾƣˡǷ쳾죬ȥԵײͷȥһײһʵǶĹ̡ü˳ۡϥǿ߹ӵ
ҶĬһ£ʵǲˡ
ֻҶҼȵػȥ㲻ҲֻΪ˲ٱ۸Ϊܹõأڸһ
Ҷ쿴ӣ¹ѩĵĿͬעԼɷĿԣǻĵ΢ЦǲˣлᣬҲȥˡ
仰˵ն
ҶЦһĬ
ҶŲʮͷľǻľκһ涼֮˵ľţҶЦЦȽҶ죬ҲҶʤһǲֹһҶѡ˵һַԱ츳£
Ҷǣ¹ѩҲǣ¹ѩ»ѡ²ˣ¹ѩıΣû൱ߵ»ҲǲѡΪιġ
Ҷ¹ѩ򸾵츳ԼѵԶۣ㲻ҶЦṩ鵤ֻʱգۣ£
Ҷ˵ЩȴǾ³˪ĥ֮ķθ֮ԡ
ˣĲȥֵˡ
ҶЦ˿Ҷѡ񣬲֪أһ̣оȻοĽĸо
Ϊ߶ԣνĿ겻ǲͻƵǰļޣԺ½ԣ߾򣬶Ϊߣ߾죬֮·Ψһ·ֻͦǰУȴûоͷ
ˣΪû츳ûлԵĳһһΪ츳лԵ켫޵Ҷ¹ѩȴ׵ķˣ
ν֮ͨ·Ҳִ֣֮ϡ
ˣҿͬǵѡճɾֻĽԧ첻ͬһѵõԵ
ҶЦһĿ¼ᶨҡһ֮·ǰУϣ֧ҡ


531 ΢
Ҷ¹ѩͬʱСż֪ͣʲôֻԧ첻ɡϼǰУǿ϶᲻õģȻлԵ·ߵóԶҺȻ᲻ãҲҪãΪ֮ͨ·
ҺƽΪǵľĥ־ԼгϢǻҪȥ⵱ȴҲְ̫ˡ
˵ţ˶ǻĵݸһЦΪ˵Լ뿪Լʧ䡣
Ȼ뵱ȻΪȻӵг츳Ե̣Ҳ֮飬˵ЩΪʱ磬ͲӰԼӽദ
Ժܿͽת̸顣
Ҷ¹ѩ벻ǡ
ӷһ죬Ȼ֮죬ڵһʱ˵ֲִ֪ԼᡭĿ̹ġ
ҶЦڼžҹУ߹ȣصԼΥķС
һʱĳ֪Լʲô֮ܶǺǷңַҶߣҶЦȸ߶ԣǼ亱У˵Ǿ޽еģ
Ȼɣ򲻻ˣ
ҶЦɻȴְ˼⣬ֻӦ˵ȫ˼ô£ܱ״̬֮У֮⾪ֵһ˿ʵʱҶЦһɣһֺʵڵĸо·һֲԼʶֻӦ˵һɲԼϣȥ
ǹɲᣬҪվԼת˼Ȧ֮Ȼ磬ɢȥں쳾ǧ
лߺã
ҶЦĬĬ˵İɣһչ˺۵һúТǣ
ǹɲû˿ӦѾڸղžʧˡ
ҶЦȴ֪ԭЦҶЦΪ춾ȴԲһš˵ǲ˵ִִûмԼĸףȴһֱҪһԼĸףһֱҪȷǰԼġȻǸҶЦ竣һ߻˵ĺӡ
Ȼ޿ɾҩǡһӵִһӳûмĸ׵ĶӵִȴǸٹ̣ĥ
ǽ죬ִõͷţõ㡣
ڼԼĸס
ҲˣҶЦԸĸĹذܸоҶЦĸĻֺͽԼܱȵġ
Ȼˣʧ䣬սѾ㡣
ִųسһ˲ʹʧˡ
ҶЦԡڳسֵĹУվӯ˵ζ
ǹִһ˲䣬ظܵԼľƺ˺ңԶĸ߿֮ϣһǰδе״̬£һֻһϸ΢£ȫ䶴ɡ
һָо˿̵Լܹ֮䣬κһﶯ磡
ԭѾõľһ̣˾Υͻƣ
ǸɺõĺͻȻע˸ˮ
һĳȻ磡
󾳽֮΢ˣڻͨ
ԭν΢֮ҶЦ΢Цԭ΢֮
һ˵ĸоͷ·𡭡֮й켣Ҷܿõһܹգ
ƽ⣡
һеһУȫ֮У
һƲȥһ˲䣬ҶЦģоǰδеһ̵ͳ׵ķɣʳصһƹʵӳգһͻǴ˵е󾳽֮һģ΢֮
ĵĴϲѣ
֪ǲΪǳسֵĵһ̫ԵʣӿҶЦȻ֣˿ӿȻȫɫģԼ֮һ̣Ȼȫѹˣ
ڹϣڲϢ
Ѿþöûжûж񹦣Ȼһ̣ȫ׵ķʽɽХһس
ҶЦظţ˲ʱӯԷķʽԼڼУᳵ·Ĵÿһֱоһһͨ
Լڣϵֻ𴳹ضᰯ
֪˶֮ҶЦֻоͷкȻһ
ֱһֱ͸Ƕ£
һ̵ҶЦȴԴѣһ£漴͸о۾һᣬȻ䣬ҶЦʶһӣȴȵķ֣Լģ飬ǡ
Ѫ
ԲԲģһ飬ֳһȫĹʵ״̬ģž޴ѹ̵ѪΣķʽԼġ
ҵ᣿
ҶЦڵǰ״˼⡣
ǣȴظܵԼʵʵؽˡ
ӯоͬʱܷһ㡣


532 
ԭգҪżأ˳ƽ
ҶЦظоԼֻҪһһܷ죡
Υ㣬Ҫͻ𣿣ѪΣǽһİô
ҶЦһҲûйȾᣬѪս˿ռȻ֪ΪʲôͻƵʱԼлֶ
ȴ֪һʲô¡
̨壬ҶЦӵʱ򣬺Ȼ֣һµĿھԼԺ֮Уһһֵתŷ
ÿһ֣תǶԼ̨˲䣬ͻԶԼ硢֫ٺ֮УһҶЦоѾ޵Сĺڽεγɣ
£
ĵ㣬
ҶЦϸϸ׽񹦵ĵھĿԽԽ
ȻҶЦ֣Щ֣Ϊһ㣬񹦹֣ڶ㣬٣㣬
ڶ͵է֮£ֻһ֣ƺȫͬǺͬʵϣȴȫһűʵĲ졣
Լ޵޳ɵһʱֻ൱ѰԪʵͻƵڶʱȴǵԪ֮󣬲ǿͻƳɹ⵱ǰĵ㣬ȴǵ˵ԪƷ۷壬ҪټһֱǣԼֲȥۣոͻƣ
Ŀ֮ҶЦоһ𾪡
̣ǴԪԪٵԪյ˵ԪƷ۷壬ĿǰеϹһԼһ㳿سĻԵŲƵ㣡
ǶԪĻۣٻԵϣ
ֻǻһ£ҶЦоЩȻˣɣǽյֻԵɺϣԼ治֪Ҫãͻ񹦵ĵ㡣
򵥵Ĵȷ˵ҶЦӵԪƷͻƵڵ۷ΣҪǴ˲ſʼײߣͻƵԪƷףҪܺͣ
൱ĳ
ЩܵҲܹͻѣ
񹦵ĵ㣬ܾյ㣬ҶЦţ棬еĵ㡭ھŲ㣡
Ϊ֮񹦺ųµһ񹦣ķҲǷΪŲģ
ǣǵھŲķͻƵʱ򣬾ѾҪĻۣĵ̣ĻԵôͻƵھŲʱҪʲô̶ȵĻأ
ҶЦֱ붼ٶ룬ΨȥԼҪʧȥȥˣ
ʵֲ̫ˣ
֮ĻΣ֮飬ʱ԰յΪҪϾոͻƵ񹦵ѾҪ൱ʱЦˣҶЦĬĬվԼСԺУԡڳУԼ֮΢仯
ʱ䣬ôĹȥ
ڽȥÿһ죬¹ѩȥж𴲣Ȼ˵ŶӵֵȻ³ΪŶӳԷ
ҶЦԷʱ¹ѩԱ΢ЦſţֱҶЦԱΪֹ
¹ѩԣŶشڴڳԼķˣб㣬ҸķΧ
Ҷ컹˪ºʵ۾ˡ
ҶȻǼʶӣ»ȴԼϹȫȻĶһߣ˪ǼʴĸףԼȴûУʼԵǳ
˽¹ѩҶǶһǲòˡ
ˣ⼸ôо·ࣿƺƤҲϸأ¹ѩ
ţҲĸоҾ͸оԼʱ侫رãҡҲϻͯһ㣬۽ǵƼˡҶ
״ʽ֣֮ǰĳ糿һ˯оԼһĪζȻǹζܿʧˣһۼԾɿĸо֮Լǰƺһˡ
Ĳһˣ
Ҷܹõ¹ʥŮʱȻ˧һö׵ֵһı֮ΪθһףνǱݲУǽʮ£ھһʮò⻹ΪΪǿפ¹ѩʮ£ȻΪԵʣǱƯܰһֳȥĲ԰ס
Ľг겻⣬رĻɣһԣɫǺʲô仯ġ
ɾʱ棬¹ѩϲķ֣ԼɫȻûԵĲҰףȡ֮ģǽĺ󣬰͸죬رۡ
״ֱͺʱתصʮǰֱǷ˼


533 ڼ
ϵ˰̡ƺҲȫûˡҶԼϵļ૵
սû˺ۣ
˵˺Ӻѫ£ʿˣҶҪݣ˼ɷģȻԼ壬Ȼռ䣬ԭϵİ߰˺ۣȻȻ޴棬⻬ϸľͺ˵ļ
ҶļֲԼʱһ㣬¹ѩż֣ƤְʲôľͲ˵ˡ¹ѩԼԼʱ򣬶оԼ״⼫ˡûҶɣ¹ʥŮʱļûôء
ôأôôϲı仯¹ѩϲ̵ĿԼϼžӡ
᲻ǡҶСЩ͡ɶƤͱˣ
¹ѩ϶ʱһͨ죬ŭϲߵģ˵˵ʲô⼸Լһ˯ɣ

˻Թᡣ
޶˿δ˵ʵɻһֱûн⿪¡һֱ˶Ȼڵòûа˥ϡ
һֱ˼ǧʱ״Ҳûг˿ı仯
ഺϣ
Ϊʲô£ɵҲ򵥣ҶЦ͵͵ظ˫׷˵Ƽפյ£
ƼפյͬСɣƶ֮֮㣬Ϊ֮㵹ѣ
ҪƵƼפյҪҪҰѩֻһͰ鵤޶ˣŮΪפյֱӰѺ½˸׳죬˷Ƹ¥յõλƷ񵤣
ʵҶЦפյǺܲмģϾ鵤ֻഺפص㣬ǵƼģҲʱЧƳһЩҪҩȴǼݻ˵Ƿǳòʧģ
ǸԼʹãǾνòʧȲ˵ҶЦڰŮҩʱѿҪѩ֮ǰҩɽջҩҩԴúܣһΣҶЦܰԵҩʱ򣬲óȡĳɵ֮һš
һŸ¹ѩһŸҶ졣
߼ľƷפյЧʵǲ࣬Ƿһţഺפգġ
˶ѣ
פյŮӣ쳾Ůӣռҩ
ǵģҩԽҩҩʥҩ֮ϵҩ

չƷʦֵסҶҶͷСԺ֮С
չʦ֣˵ʦ֣ҲʧԱ֮У
ҶЦüͷʵ
شϢڴ֮ǰչƷ˲ûе˵
ҶЦ֪¶֮󣬲֪òĴˣں˵ѾǱ׼˽ǣ
ֲҪŽԼŪȥ
ڵĽ󻷾дʵ̫Σ˰ֻ¶ͻв
ʲôʱأչƷɿҶЦ
ı⣬ҪҶЦˣ˼һʮŸոžۣʵ˵еĻ
ؼĻڣҶЦΪѾԶԶسչƷɺ죬˸ʲô˵ҶЦǿʲôǲܿʲô
ڴ˿пҶЦΪǰʱĵԪһƷѡ
ȻԪһƷѾǿߣҶЦֱ̫ͣܿɹˣǻǰߣвʲô⣻
ڵѷ״ɱȣҪ˵ԪһƷչƷγУҲһٶʮֵСģȫĵΨһСıĳһѺˣͽԼʦֵ˸ˡ
Ȼ֪ҶЦǰʵΣôزغˣҶЦǰΪܳ£ںεأֻǣ֮Ǿﶼ£
ǾͶ󣬳ȥҶЦĿء
ãչƷһɣڷһͷʯͷ
֪ҶЦҪ֮˪ºҲ֮ͶͶһǰĽ֮УѼ鱨Կ
Ҷ¹ѩȻᣬҲ֪ѡȷģǺǳΪҶЦȫĿ
ϣ¹ѩ͵͵ؽԼļױҪĲ֣ȫҶЦ
¹Ŀţ޹Ŀţһݡ
ҶЦ״һЩȻȫױȴǼױǲ֣ȫ䱦ĸ׾ȻһҲûԼԼôԾôأ
¹ѩҶЦƴǣ׶ȶԶŭСظһľǿţ׵Ķӣѵܸˣ˵ˡҺѾⲻ̤㽭СطҲòЩ£ЩţдáҶӣдϢµˣϴһЩĵر⣬Ҳܷġ
˵¹ѩȦҲˡ


534 嶯
ҶЦɬ̾Ϣһֻ¡
Źԡ¹ѩЦЦҶЦһڣһҪǵãʱͻʱʱ̶̿㡭
ҶЦͷһᣬɬҼסˡ
¹ѩעŶӣٰĿŶӣ棬һҪúõģСģһн԰ȫΪȡϱӸһšҪˣŴ￴סû
ҶЦ˲ʱ¹ѩĸڻЦԣҲǿЦҪҸѿģ
¹ѩһҶӳôЩѿģԲλˣﻹϴպͣҵĶϱ϶Ǹ˶
ҶЦһЦ
˵ˡɶġҪϲֻҪϲһϲ¹ѩĿҶЦЦЦĪ˳ﲻǱĵطļҡ
Σݣ±ǨһΪغΪ㳣
ǵҼסˡ
¹ѩĿע֮£ҶЦԭպļƻһһεƳ٣ȻƳٵʮ֮
ŨķΧ֮УҶЦĳȣһ¡
һԼ顣
Ϊ˵İȫ룬ڷ˼о˺ü֮ҶЦһһţڴ⣬öֻعҶ˯ʱ򣬹ȥ
Ҷ򸾵ıΪԪһƷϣѾﵽֻعޣжЭڶֻع֮ʱ磬Ѿᳵ·죬ȫڷ֮˵ºһΪֻΪ˵ĵһо
һҹ֮ҶҲΪ˼Ԫ䷨˳֮λһĳǿߣ
ҶЦȻ֪Լʵ̫󣬿϶ľ޴ɣӻҶ򸾵ľ޴ɻ󡣵ͽԣԼطġ
Ҷ򸾣ʵԪƷ۷ַϡ
ʵ򣬼㲻˵޵УҲԱݰɡ
Ҷ֮ǰѾ־ʲô쳾죬Ϊž䷨٣۷ŶΪѣ÷޶Ҳܱȫˡ
һȫҶЦڳһ
ڻʲô뻳ɾͻ£
ǲ˱֣ʼղġ
Ұ֣裡
֮ǵĿԳģ
ҶЦԤϵǣҶ¹ѩΪǣǵһǰȫ޷ĸ߶ȣȻûбֳپȣģҶЦǰûбֳ̫
ҲǷ޶˿ŶӵĿ⣬żֳֹѡ
һԼĹʣŨء
ҶЦԴϰȻأֻ̾Ϣһ
˰ȫǣڵ˲߲еʱˣ
ٶҶЦҪҵ˵Ҷ¹ѩ˵ɫ¶֮⣬˼죡
ȻȴҲΪԵš
ҶЦʹ˷ġ
ҶЦ֮ǿѾַԲ©Ҷϵһϯ̸һ֣ȻֻƬΣȴ˺ܹؼĲ֣мڴˣҶЦҶң費ٵǡ
ҶɣҺǡˡ¹ѩ£¶һΪϢ
ģҶ˾ϲ
ģֻǡػô졭һط꼸졭¹ѩŤ
̫̫ˡҶȴɵһ㣬ֻ˵ˡ

֮󣬷޼һ䡣
Ҷɣ֪ûз֣ǵĶӡЦЦƺһȫûĸо¹ѩѯʵɻζ
¹ѩ⣬Ҷûмʱ֨ػ
šҲûôɡУǵ仯ǵΪԾһеһС
Щȫ͸Ź졭¹ѩüһУȫǿ˶ӣһؾ֮ŷ飻һ㲻̫ˣ
Ҷ΢ЦţѵöгϢػˣɹк壡
¹ѩ˿϶Ǹˣֻǣ⺢Ҳδ̫гϢˡ漴ѹѵûУǶӵΪֻõԪһƷ
ҶԵʱһĬ
ǰǻᣬǿЦЦΪȷֻ˵ǰ㣬ǵԪһƷǵΪĪ˵Ԫ۷塭ٿЦЦͬһģ塭
ζʲô


535 Ӱ
ζǵΪˣˣЦЦΪڵǻҪöࣻǹȻͻ֮ǰǿǲƣȴиƣǵ֪
¹ѩ̾˿⺢ϵ治ٰ
ٶΣѵͲǵĶˣҶ쵭˵ѩ̫ˣûҪһʺһİЦЦιǵĶӣǸСʹ̫漣⡣
ǼֲˣոպͶӽӴϰҲ֮УҲϰˡҶ찲οš
¹ѩҡͷԱҲǡǡ״ε˵һᣬͻȻ˵Ҷɣ֪źǺӽӴԽ࣬ԽԽоҵĸоȻгֵЦоЩ
ҶȻһһ
Ǳ飬ֱͺǱȻҧһڣš
Ҷ󽫾ע¹ѩľԼš
ԭǽҶЦȴ۾

ǲҲо˶Բԣ¹ѩĿҶ죬ֻû˵ΪֻǴȫʵʵĴ
¹ѩӲԽԽ
Ҷɫһ£ȴɫָƽ˼ˣ뵽ĸǲܵģȻǲܷ飬ν룡
¹ѩ˿ȴԽԽࡣ
֮ǰ˵ΪսЦЦڹ̣ܽЦЦʮ֮ǰ竡Ǳ߻ˡǰЦЦ˴ΣʱڱξһΪѾ˲ƽ״̬ȫȻΪ״֮£ЦЦͻȻָȻͷֲ˼顢漣һ޷ʣ̶̵֮ʱͻ֮򡭡ǲô˵ģ
¹ѩ״۾ǺˡЦǸʱ㡭
Уǵ飬¹ˣɱ÷ǣȫΪǷѾȥ»ʳŵĸ߶ȣЦЦõƮƹ뺮£ǿɱ÷ܴɡ
λ߿˵ЦЦϵҲ˵ˣǵڶأ
¹˪λϣǶ˵ĸԣƮƹ̫ϳڴˣֻҲҪһ˵ǽأǼЦЦ̸һ̬֮ͻȻһٰʮȵĴת䣬תȫǣΪʲôˣ¹˪ν۷Ľɫ
λϴ⣬Ҫǣʮǰôֿܱ
Ϊʲôʱ򲻰ǣʱȴȫ
¹ѩ־˵ΨһĽ͡Цð
Ϊʲô֮ǰΪЦǵĸʵΪˣĬΨһĽڴ֮ǰ֪ЦĴ磿ҶҼЦЦ֮ͻȻ͸ޣԼЦãŲ졭
¹ô꣬û˵˪λϾЦá֪¹ôЦΧ֮²Ųʣֻ֦ˣ
Ҫ֪ЦʵǿߣκγŶԣǶǾѵοǱϵĸ磿ӵˣ
ǰգ˪϶ǹȻм⣬͵ʱۣѾǽ߾ȫȫǵİȫˣǵƴ󣬾ǾʼûҪǣͻΧƽĶۣʱ˪λϣȫͻΧȫˣ£״֮£˵ʲôΪʲôɣǾûô
֮ͻȻ֣ԮѾһ飬ǵʱĻνǱ֮תصı֮Ȼһʱû֮ЦѩǵΨһֻһѣ޷˵ǣֵʱ򣬷Ͳ֪ЦѩἰʱԮ
ᵽǸˣ⼸Ҳ˵ͳú񡭡ҿ˶ǺͺѩˣѩǿЦĵֵܣ
ǸˣҶҼʱʼճƺЦЦΪϴɣ
һеһУ˵һ⣬һ࡭ǻ벻ֻ㲻ԸһеԸ⡭
¹ѩԽ˵Խ࡭
ҶɫͬԽԽǸӡ
Щ飬¹ѩ˵뵽ˣҶô벻Ҷʲôˣһ񣬺εȵĴӱǣŲߣֻҪҪ¼䣬δʲô飬޷ͨģ
ֻǣԻˣȴôȥԼĶӣ
ԼӣΪԼΪԼ͵Ŀأ
ڣѾʵˣŵϣָλشء
˼ôأЩ߰飬ңαӹţѰգЦЦǵĶӣԶǵĶӡҶ찲οѩ̫ˡ
ô˵ҶȴǶ˼ɬ
һӰ֮ȥվǴˡ


536 
¹ѩоԼ䣬رסɷأ̲ס£ȴվûоǰһ
㸹ӡ
󣬷޶תʼ۸̥ˡ
¹ѩעȻתƣȴǲϵҶסӣȴʲôοĻҲ˵
ҶЦҲͽ˻ȥ
ҹҶЦͷգһҹδߡ
Լ֪Լʲô
˵ǰһҹΪƲԵʣҹֻΪԼԵʣԼģ
һҹҶЦ۾һֱǿաӷ죬һֱڿգȻ󣬶΢ס
ˡ
ҶЦһû
֪ԼʲôҲ֪Լʲô
ֻǸоЩʧ䣬ЩˣҲЩοЩ
Ӻ·ʮʱ棬ҶЦÿ϶ĬĬڼ֮У㣬ʴӱӵ꣬ÿ˶һϴ裻ÿ˶ι˼е̵ĵ񵤡
Ҷ¹ѩҶλγ׸򣻷ûκ׺֮УھҶЦⷬŬ֮󣬵̸Ǿˣ˵ŽճҲΪصҶһ壬ܹ֮ǧ£Ƭ򣬳ʢ˥
ΪҶҹӣҵҶңҪػϣҽŬܹΪ壬ʢ˥Ļ
ģǡˡ
ҵļء
ҵļҰ

һ죬ա
ȴҲ̵ӣҶЦչƷɣ죬˪ºڽ뿪
ҶԼҶΪף͡
ɽ˺
չƷɺһ£̬ƽҶ򸾸
˪ºҲ˳
Ҷ¹ѩԴ˵һѸмĻ
ȻׯȺ򣬵Ⱥһ˳֡
˰ΣһµҶЦҲԼСԺ˳һ⡣
ҶЦ˿̵ɫž޲Ȼһ̤˿ͣ١
¹ѩҶ񶨶ϡ
һ̣ͬʱоһ¡
ԼĶӣԼ˾Ȼ˵ңԶǰδеңԶ
ƺڤڤһԤ˵
ҶЦһȥͽԶٻ
Ŷƽýȫޱף¹ѩͻȻһɷ·һʹּȵʹ࣬ɫ˲ɷףҲ̲סҡһ¡
ҶЦԾһƽص΢ЦţߵҶ¹ѩǰ񣺡Ҫȥˡ
¹ѩҧ촽Լ޳
ҶһǿЦЦЦȥʦţһúʦĻúǣ;רһӲ㣬򲻿ɷ𡣡
ɫЩӲ
ҶЦˣװûصͷ
漴¹ѩǰ
¹ѩɵŶӣĿ˰Σ촽ţһһȴһ仰һֶ˵
Ҷӣ
⻹Ҷ
ҵĶ𣿣
ǣҶȥˣ
ǣô
¹ѩŤţʹţᣬ۰硭̫̫ɫһ֣ԥĸоҶЦط֣¹ѩһĨɣ磬ӵ
ԼԼһֿ־壬һ⡣
ҶЦͷһ˿ֻоͷصײһ£һ̣ЩһѪ˳
ͷȻΪĶɫԾάֲ䣬ĸףˡúñ塣
¹ѩĽʶزһ¡
촽ЦЦ
ҶЦؿһۣһĨԵʹ
ԭҵģվҵģŬȥŬˣһеͷԾֻͽͣ
תŴŵķ򻺻ȥ
ţҪչƷɵߵʱȻתҶҵĴţȻɫֳζ
ȻҶЦƽɽڵأؿͷȥ
һ
Ÿ
ҶЦȫȫȫȫعݣͷһ̣˵۾عƺǸоʲôȴƺʲôס
ֻо֮գһ̣ͻȻǰδеء
ߵѱϣҶЦվԸֵҶ¹ѩһۣˡ
Ҷվ¹ѩһ겻ӣ˶״̬ҶЦȴһˡ
ҶЦĿϺͻأչֳһЦݣӻ֣ת̤ȥ
˶оҶЦıӰǰδе͸һɪζ
ǣչƷɣ죬˪ºͬʱҶҷһ֣תҶЦĽŲ
һԽԽ죬ۿҪչȥʧҶ˵С
ЦЦ¹ѩͻȻĴһʹ˵
ҶЦʶͣס˽Ųȴûлͷֻֻͣһ˲漴¾ٲ
ʧת䴦
¹ѩıеЦЦЦЦҵĶӣҪ
ͣסŲվһᣬͻȻֻסĴָк
վû׷䴦
ܸоӾǽ󣬲ûмʱԶߣڵȴţֻҪ׷ȥٶȿӣһ̣ȴͻȻһͷ
һ䶾һĿֲͷ̾ͷˣҶ𣿡
ǣô
ǽҶЦվšȴš
ϼ鴤пôôΡһ¹ѩû׷Ӧͣˡ
¹ѩĽŲǶ˵ϣһҲûж
ҶЦΪȻ֪¹ѩǱߣȴû߹
ҶЦһ̧ͷ졣
ô̧ͷĶȻòһ
վɪ
һֹ¶ζͻȻɢ
һ̣˪º֪ιʣͻȻһʹ
ֻص˵꣬Ǳ޿裬ȴҧŹǣһݾԼȫĵ׵Ǹ硭Ǹ˺۵Сؤ
ֻˡ
ҶЦ̧ͷһ̣۾ӴհƵһ̡бӯ⣬ƲסҪ
ͷһ̣⣬Ȼһ˲䳹ָޱȵ


537 ˺ۡţ
ҶЦɫһ˲֮ٶȻָƽȻͷ߰ɡ
еʧܹ鲻̫̰ҶЦĬĬĶԼ˵һ̣ɬҪɱˡ
ӶȻһȻԭʧ
ٶô졣
ȫȻΡ
Ȼһ֮
۷ֵƶǿߵƣ
ƻۣ𣬶ҶЦӰѾ֪ɳȥԶ
ûлͷ
չƷɺ˪ͬʱҶҼ֮Уһһʱ䣬λԪ֣ȫչ賤죬һ·ĺԶ۶ȥ
Ԫ֣

Ҷ۾𺳵ˣչ춯صȥÿ˵϶ġβסҫ
Ҷң
Ҷҹӡ
Ψ¹ѩʧǵųգ֪ԶҶЦڿʲôˡ֮Уȫǿն
ãҶ̾˿߹סԼӣЦЦѾˡ
¹ѩӲһ£૵ЦЦѾˣ
һ̣˾о仰δ
ЦЦѾˣǸЦЦѾԶˣ
ޱ˴ˣһ·صУ¹ѩʼԵ˼㱣ǲһصУ¹ѩһƨ˴ϣٶȻ
¹ѩνᣬӦǾŮ˾ˮϻ
Ҷ˿ȴҲ֪ȥοӣ֪Ӻ˵ֻñֳĬ
ǽƬ̣ȴǷе֣˴˼Ϊεտ˲ʱо⡭ƺЩԾĵط
Ϊʲôô㣿
Ϊʲôô䣿
ͬʱڣԵһе״
ʶӣѸٷ˵ͷ棬ԼԴͷ
޶˶ϸʱĿࡣ
ȴҶͷ棻¹Ŀţ޹Ŀţһݡ
¹ѩ͸ҶЦ¹رȫɢƵĺ⣻ŵ
Щ֮⣬ʮֻƿÿһֻƿ棬ʮŵҩ
Ȼƿ鵤ʣҶЩҩİ
񵤣
ÿһƿ棬һֽϸĽЩҩӦԼ÷
Щذڷš
¹ѩЩ
ЦЦʲôûдߡ¹ѩͬߵһ
ܸоõЦЦߵʱʵϣܹġûСΪʲôûȥء¹ѩű
Ҷ̾Ϣš
ΪʲôϴߣҵⰡ¹ѩ鸴ӵ˼㣬ϣЦЦʱ˵ʱ򡭡ҷܹо֣ܿܿĵġ
ϣԼЩҶЦҶЦǷãӯΧ¹ѩֻԼģһ㡣
ΪʲôΪʲôֽЩȫˣ
̸֮ˡҶ꣬ĬȻβ˵Ǿ֣Ϊ֮ϡʲôġ
˵˵ţĻڳһ̾Ϣ
ȻҶ˿̵ѹֵ˼㡣
¹ѩҶЦȻ˰⣬ĸ׶Զֿİ⣡
Ϊݰֿ¹ѩӵĲ⡱Żִŵţ˵ʹ࣡
¹ѩ۾Ҷ죬˵Ϊǵ̸ԲŻᣬŻᡭ
¹ѩͷ¹ȣʮƿ
Ǵ˵еĵ񵤡
¹ѩԳţȻʶ֮ˣ׵񵤵ļֵ߿ô˵ʮƿ֮УÿһƿУʮŵ񵤣ÿһŵ񵤵ļֵ׿ҩЧ˵ֻۡơ֣Ѿ¹飬޹Ӻͱļֵܺͣ
¹Ȼѵãȴ޿󣬶񵤣ֻǴ˵
߲ڿɱԣ
ıȴһٶš
ЦЦԴӻؼΪ帶ġҪԶԶЩҺξܻص򣬴ӳˡԭһУԴͷЦЦҶ鸴ӵĿ¹޹ӵȡ
ܹص򣬶ЦЦ¡
ʲô£û˵
ʲôû˵
ʲô˼û˵
Խ˵ҶԽǼ̲ס˻ȻġΪҶһУȫȻûаΣܵίΨԼ
һУΪҶңΪһԵ
ΪҶô࡭һֽҶҷֲΪӴ壬̣εĸ
Ϊ壬̫࡭գȴˡ
Ҷ̾ϢܹоеʹҲܸо˺ۣ޷
Ҫ˵Ҷ촽š
Ȼġ
ϣ
ϣ
Ҷ˵
һϵģ
¹ѩڴϣƺѾʧȥ˼ãҵĶӣҲϵģ
ǡѾˣ̫ˡҶʹı۾ǵĲ²һ˵֮󣬾Ѿ̫ˣദ̫ݣ˽ĸԻԭҸദټãһҶĿҵĴ󡭡
Ҷ뷨¹ѩ죬ҶЦദʱѾ̣˽Լӣ˵˽ҶЦҪ˽֮ǰǸʮĶӣ
¹ѩǷȱҶҶЦദУʧ֮У
һеһУܹһ仰ˣκҲвԵһ棬ĸ¹ѩǣǻ纣ԨҶͬǣ

¹͵񵤵һµ棬ѹһŷ⣻Ĺĵģһš
ţط
ŷ棬ûдκһ֡һƬհס
֪дʲô


538 ġٵ
Ҷ콫ץУ¹ѩԭɢҲٶȾ۽רעҪǷ档
˶оӿ죬޴롣
ҶоżһɽҪء
ѹɽٲһΣʵ״
֣Ѿʼ
⡭¹ѩ֣ͬҪš
Ҷ쾹Ȼܵ˺һ
¹ѩɫһƬɷףǼصң
Ҷһϼ鴤⡭
ң¹ѩһظ˵ͬļ
Ҷ鸴ޱȵؿƬ̣ڣŵ˹ȥ
¹ѩŽԭҰ׵ɫһӱͨ죻漴ֱɷס촽ڶţްѪɫ
ڣ̧ĦţԼϣͻȻʹʧ
ʹУüξ֣Ҫһ飬һݣǡüΣʼնûµ֡
ڣֱش
𡭡𿪣Ҷ촽Ҳڶ¡
¹ѩʶһС
Ҷصһ
Ҷ񣬾Ȼʧ̬ˣ
֮󣬴̬֮е¹ѩܵؽһռָ֮Уڴ´һöָȥСһ¹ش
ţ㲻Ҳ˭ܿ¹ѩԵЦţʱ䳤֮󣬾أʱǨ
ҵĶӡ¹ѩҶ컳УȴЩ׽
˽һɫԸӡ
ʼգ˴˼˭ҲûнǸ²ô˵ǣͬʱ죬ȴҲʾʲô

ԶҶЦʼޱ飬ڷз۵糸
ƺһŵλ޻ʧԶߣ
չƷˣ˿ѱԶԶں档
ҶЦΪͨ쳹أܵķʵٶȣչƷ˺׷
磬ôˣ㲻Ҫǣ˪еʵ
˪ã߾ȫҲŲǿ׷Ϸ۳ҵҶЦ
ҶЦ˵
硭ºҲҸоƺЩ
û˵꣬ͿҶЦ侲ͬһɭɫ
۾ǰ
ҶЦ˵˪
˪ºߣš
ʵ䡭ҶЦһ£漴ͼᶨ˵ûʲôܣԶصġˡõõʲôͻõʲôǧҪ̫̰עҪʧȥվԾܹյ£ѾĪˡ
˪ºҶЦĻƶǶͷ
ʵȴĲף仰ʲô˼
ͬλӰһ㼱ӹ˲ʵĸо
ƺ䣬ʲôλãԻûʵ֣㾭оᡭǶôʵЩ飬ô棬ô˸е侳վ
ٵģʼǼٵģ
ҶЦһХЦʵٵģǼٵģи飬ͬһΡ
ѾˡҶЦĬĬԼ˵һ֮Уһʱ䣬ҶЦҲй
ЦУĲ
Ц䣬ͬԶ˸ӥ
ģǲǼٵģ
˪һ̣ͻȻĪĸоһʹ飬̲ס
أʲôǼٵġǣ磬ǣȫİ
ԶԶԣģҶЦԺЦ
ھһ㣬һӶ
ֻڰУһĺۼ
ǿռĺڶ
µٶȣĿռۼҶЦ֮ͨ󣬲Ϊôصĳ𻵣ȴ˲Ϣ֮ȫȻָ糣
ңѾ
ңѾ㣡
ˣ
̫̰
ҶЦЦ
ЦᣬЦУһεڿʵЦ䳾
˭Ҳ֪˿ͲһЦУйʲô
ҶЦе飬еĸܣȫѹĵס
ЩֻԼ
Լأ
ԼƷζ
Լʧ䣬ԼȻ
ΪֻңҶЦ
쫷Уһᣬ۽ǻ䡣
û룬ԼҲûΪԼ⡣
ʱǸҶЦݺΪҶ
ûᣬ־һ˵塭
Ҳġ
ЩûΪʵϾѾʵ
ֻǣʹ
ʧ䡣

ƹ
ԾһϮ£ƺС
㷢𣬷绪ΨɫԳأˡ
Ҿֿ̬Ѿʡ
غ֯ϯȭһ̨ɱ䣬֮ĵڶǽּ̨Ūʧ١
֮С⵽ϮһţȻ֪˭µ֣ȻΪֹδ٣Σм˲֪أ
ͬʱȷ˼ЦҶЦ쵶Ȼֳ徣سȡ
һеһУй޹أ˭ǵУѣ˷룬׽
ԶſаƮãҶЦѾʽسӦٳȥתתˡ
һ
˻˺Ʈɽ塣
ƹ𶯡
أֻ뽭˼ٻᣡ


539 ䷨·
˼ʴΪˣ̤Ӧ٣Ӧ֮壡
һٶɺ쳾ʤ£ΩԸ
ԭ
ƹȫս
Ůƣ
ƣ
仰ƹ֮
һƺһƹǧɾ壻һž֮࣬ռбһĺɫͨ
һ̡
Ѿһɽ߷֮ϡ
ӲŸոһ˲ڻڷУʧӰ١
ɽһ㡣
ȻǽңںǳŸɱҵӣһˣҲҪ֮˵һƬ䡣
˳µ˳ѾɣҲѾ֪
ûµȥѰΪᣬǣ̫
ȴҪԼֵģ
ȥڣǳţˣҪʲô

ҶЦȫ·չƷɺʼֻõԪƷףȻ۵ȴأ׷ҶЦٶȣĪ
ҶЦǵԪһƷ
ô취ġ
Լ˶Ѫ׷
ȻԶΪ֮棬㳤;ɳۣķΪΪأֻһʱܳ־ãڿҶЦɵ漲ٶȳ־ȶԳ֮ΪΪ
˵ҶЦΪѾȫ泬ԽԼˣ
ǳ˺ܶࣿ
ôܣ
֮ǰչƷɾҶЦ֣ҶЦȻսʮ㣬ΪʵʵĵԪףڣôһôأɲһһǧݵģһģ
չƷȻɻ󣬿ûʱǽͣҶЦֻһмۣȻֻȫһ;һˣ磻һ·࣬ڵƺڷйʲôµŲһٷĹ򣬱ѿԽҶҼ·̲ҩɽ
޼ɵĿ񱩣Ľ·ơ
н·߱˶˵ĸ߿֮УһӰԶſļٷ߿쫷磬Һۣһֻ޴
˵ɫ˼㣬·һبŲıɽһ˫ӣ
һͷɫĳδκεΣ䴹࣬趯
£ۣڷЬ֣彣ȻǺɫġ
֮ܶһ仰˳һǺڵģлеɫ֮⣬ϵ£ȫǺڵġ
ǾǿߣѾԶ
ʱͣǰеĶ¶һĨ֮Ц⣺ǳˡˣʡҼǧ·棡
Ȼڿվ˶һ˵ĵ
ˣרΪҶЦһ˶ģ
߿е쫷ХȻڿȴһ˫֣ǰȻȴ
УҶЦ޳Ӱһ֣һ۾ͿǰվڿеĺˣȻһ
ҶЦµʱһдмңȻֻһ۽ӴȴѾϤ
漴ǰ̾һΪָԼһֱλһ֮ϵĸ߶ȣδûиһȵͷд˼ֵΪõʱ̣ľȫµĸӦȻٶˡ
ԼȷֶԷ֮ǰԷѾǰһԼһ˵Ķⳡ޿ɱĽԼǻδʼ䵽·磡
ҶЦʲôˣѸƽľ漴һ֣ʱʧ
ҶЦͬľĬ״̬վ˵Ķ档
ɣĿԣ˴˶ӡ
ҶЦ˫֣תԼ𪡢޳ţȴָָȭָֻĿǰĺˣͦ졣
ԭҲǸֶΡȻֱӾǸ£λ߸̬˼ҶЦͬĸһվ£ЦͬΨҶ
ƺʲôˣڴ˿̵ǰֻͬӼ˾һ㣡
һ̣˵ƣȻƾУ൱
ðɡҲͬĮָòǲҾϲǣȻоŲҸеζ
ֻϧȴûиҴϲҶЦ䵭˵ûκδ㣬ҶЩʧ
ԳĬһ£һ˿Ĳ죺ʧ⻰֮ֻʧĶȴǱʲô飬ܲ˳˵ƺҡһս
ҶЦЦϻ
ڣҶЦУĪѾЪ˹ĵزֿ񱩣ҶЦֱӾҪɱһսһΣ
Ҫй
䷨·ȻԤ֮⣬ȴҶЦ»
Ҫ̣Ȼˣ߶У
ѵ־ѵĳͲҶЦ˵֮ã
úã
֤һʱĽ


540 ս߰
Х˪ºȻҶЦߣһһңΪǣŮ۾ȵعǰˣȻŮѾܵ˵ǿ
ȻֻǵվŮĸо֮УȴͬԼǰһƬɽһƬ󺣡
޷Խ޷Խ
˭˪һ
ٹƬ̣չƷ׷ͨ죬ҪҶЦıԹ䣬йһͷĲȴ⿴·ĺˡ
ͬʱͫһһ䷨
˪һ
˾һˣ䷨
չƷ䷨չһ棻䷨״ص˶սǴΣ䷨һأϧһ֮ԵԵǶ䷨ǿᣬ̫̣ÿÿҹλأʱʱѡ
û뵽߲Ÿո뿪ҶҼӱ޵ĸ·׷ܷҶЦãûüȴȻ֣һƣǰ·
ʵ޿ĵһ֣䷨
׼ǰܣرܣ
䷨˪ºǾɲǼ˽䱸
һֱŮԾֻҪʱǶ䷨ѩ۴ܣҲ֮һսδؾ·磻Ҳһֱô˵ıİٱ
ǽʱգ䷨֮ŮѸٵĺһ˫ʵľɥ
ñ˴˴֪ᣬóһԸϣȴԷϵ۶ϣ
ǽ֣϶ϲ䷨Ķ֡
䵽ս˫ɱĻ˴˲࣬棬þͲ˲ֹһˣԵǰֱ۵һƣ
ѾǸУ
䷨ƣǵǽ֮ϣȫλѹƣֻ߾ǳѹǰǽøͷӲȫʵ
ЩͬڵպѩʩչĺһУһƴ䷨֮ʱ״
ĺһ״̬ĺѩʵ߱ɱ䷨ڵһʱչƴѩȻ䷨У䷨ƱصЩˣɵ䷨չʽʽ߽֮⺮ѩḶ́ܵת˲
˪õ״Ҳ࣬Ȼ״϶ҪȺѩҪǿܣ޷ȫ淢ʵǣܲʱ䳤̵⣡
䷨ľ۴ܣܾ͵ͬʹʱԳܶ壿
ͬΪǿߣʤ֪˪º˴ӡ֤֮֮ࣻеĽ䱸ɫԽԽŨ
ڽ䱸ͬʱЩ⡣
Щ˸䷨ûɶԩ𰡣ûµҹ䣬ǣҲھҪɱʲôʮԹųֵˣ
ҶЦ䷨վڳУת¹˪кǸ˭˭ããá
ĺʲôãҪ˵ʲôʹ㣿ҶЦüͷ䷨ҪʶģϽһߣÿ·ݹҲ
һ仰һߵչƷɺЩԼͷҲҧ
⡭ǡǵСʦܣ
⡭ǡڶ䷨˵
˵ĲأֱͺǺǳһ㡣
ʦܣ㲻ɵ˰ɣ
˿һţ˵ڣλʦȫڴ˾ۼҲδص𰡣
ĵƶ䷨ƱؽȻŭ߶ֵĵڣȴ䷨ҡҡͷȻ¶һЦݣˡѾ̫̫û˸ô˵ˣ졭Ļ
ҶЦ˵ҷȰһ䣬ϰ߰ɣΪᾭģ
䷨һӱü֮棬ƺ˸ƹֵĵҶЦÿˣ𣿣
ҶЦ۾з⣬ηһԣ
ηһԣǾһ԰ɣ߾ߺˣҾǣҴеĿֻ꣬ҶҼ
䷨һֹȤעҶЦһ©֮ΣǱ󷢴ȱһߺˣ
ҶЦͫȻһĶ䷨죬עⲻһսˣ
䷨ϼƶǣһЦƣ˵νעעʲôĻǱһ仰ҶЦֻҪ㽻ҪĶЦҶң治ڱУһ߾ǣ
ҶЦһ
һ̣ڳ˵ʱܷԲ԰ٴ㺣֮Ƽ缯й糤ˮһ㣬šһҶЦһ븹С
ҶЦ˵䷨򽭺̫ˣ㾹˵ΪǡνµһƣѾˡ
ҪΪ鸯ƣҡײƭԸԴ󣬾޵мįߴʤˡ
ҶЦĿ䷨ڵ㣬ȻѾ֪Լ׼ＸܳԼ׷䷨޵Σʱѹˡ
䷨ԾһȤı飬۾ŶҪҴо𣿡
ҶЦɽв˳ɧꡭ䷨ȥܱһֵĵλķ⡣
䷨ǺһЦҲأ
ҶЦһ˿ĺ䷨ʱʱΣܲ򣬻쵽ĵλ£αΪһʱһӢעһʧ̽䣡
䷨Ȼ쳤ЦһЦԲǧؽƱɫӿ֣
ȻЦ䷨ЦЦӢ۵ЦȻвһķɣ


541 ŷ
ҶЦͦĵĽ䷨
ȻǱչƷɺԼʵݣҶЦԾûа㲨
Уֻ䷨
ֻ䷨
ƽУ
˰׹ǵȲڴ˼ĳ֮⣬䷨ҶЦĵһ֣
ԼȻҪ쳾죬ôһ֣һǿߵһսڱУ
Ȼ񳯣бһսɣôηһս
ЦչƷɺ쾪䷨ıϣͷƤһըֵҶЦ
޷ţȴֲòţ䷨ƵϢѾɣ
ۿҶЦûзϣһ޶ԣ˪ºŮĵ
һ˿ϣҲڲŵȷ⾹ģ
˪º֪ҶЦݣ
ţһͽ¹˪֮ǰֻ첻ɽ̬ȣ
ԭҶЦǱҶЦ
չƷɺϣԼϽε£Ҫڶ䷨ҲҪʵЦСʦܣҶЦ
⣬ֱΣһĵجΣ
ԼСʦܣȻǵԼΧЦ
Ǹһľ֣
Ǹɨµһۣ֮
ҶЦһХһֿǰƣͻȻڳռ
ҶЦһȦȦһ㼫ųȥ
˪ºչƷ죬εߡ
һֱȥ֮⣬ȥƲֹ
磡˪е
Ǳس֮һսҶЦɫƽޱϲΨս߰ϼ䷨˵һ֣
һսʽЦĹ
˵仰ҶЦͻȻһʹ
ԭƻУԼݣ»һֱȥڡ
ҶЦɫڷзնĿͬ׺һһֵ˵һһֵ֮νĵһ֣Ƿʵ
䷨ֶĿӥһ㶢ҶЦЦЦӢ֮ԱǣҿЦܷҾޣ
˶˵
һĺºۡ
һĳ
һĸֶ
һǷ
ȻҶЦƺӵкһ㱼ӿ䷨Ҳκһӭ
ǿ߶ԾδȻ˴֮ƱƴȴѾһչˣ
ƣͬİԵͬΨҶ𡢲һķʽײһ
䣡
˪ºչƷɵ˾ǸоԼȻһ£һȴֺɽХһĺȴԺȻ
ÿ˵ɫǶȻһס
޾һƴ֮࣬һĺߣͺһĲܵͻĳֹ״̬ѷ콥죬Էžž죬Ƭ֮Ƽʧջָԭ״
߿֮ϣԭХҲһƴ֮ͻȻзֿϱ򣬡һϤߣ
Ʊƴ֮ƣҲ˲ʱضϣ
һսչƷɵ˺Ȼ
Ϊһƴ֮䷨ԭ˳ʮɣҶЦҲԭ˳ʮɣ
˵άԭԾԶԶţʤ
ƽɫ
£
ۼôչƷ˼Ҳ˳ԭͷҵԺһƬ˲ţвţԼš
ЦȻһ㣬˲ᣬᣡ
ȴôҲܹڵزɣ
˭
䷨
ϵµһ֣
Ц䷨ƶƴ޻ãսȻҶЦһ˿һҲû䵽·磡

⡭Ѳ
һ̣չƷɵ˻ʶһ¡
ҲԼ콫Ҫڴ˼֤һʷǰ۷֮ս
ҲԼҪ֤۷սʷһ浮

жսͬʱ̧ͷĵĿ׺һһεĿ⣬˿ȴڿжײһ㡣
ʢ֮²ʿͬʱڡ
һ̣䷨ȶˡ
һ죡
䷨һΣһֺֻ𣬵죬һҲƵγһкڶһѾƶҶЦǰƶ£
һƵզƽƽ棬ʵȴͬ®һ㣬Ƕ£ԭ㱻ҶЦŲ޷һƵַΧ֮ڡ
ֹ޷ܣҲδضӣֻҪʩչзӦСһ족һȴǣûĿ֮ǰ޶
Ҳ˵ӦԶı乥ģʽ仯ģı仯仯ΨеȵӦϵһ˲һеǱܲŻ
޷ܣ޷ӲƴһСһ족
һУ䷨ĳǧġŷ


542 Ҫ
䷨ȻЦλʵһҲҴ⣬һ֣óѹ׵Ĺ
һȻ죡
ҶЦ¶Ц䷨һ족еһ˲ȫ׵ĵһתȻһɿռ䣬ȵŷҾЦ֮ǰ
Ц죡
ҶЦȻͷһͬûаһ㣬ֺƶȻһȻȴӦ˶ƺǴһ㡣
ǹصƣƺãã춼С
ЦһЦЦ죡
еԴͷ˵з㣬Ǵ䷨磬УһڶҶЦЦȴ䣬ϬһļԴ֮С
䡱
ҶЦһ֣ЦƮƮĳ𣬽Ȼƴ֮ĳನһߵ䷨ȴںˣһ½һϣһ£ﶼɼı
лƴԾ໥ţռΪɾ˱仯ۿɼ
һ̣ͺһܴ󵽱ըȻը
ϯ
˪ºչƷɵ˼æ㣬λԶΪҲűܿԾޱ
УߴҶЦԳХʯ쾪֮ƣ϶³ͷ½ϣһִֻµӡһ缱ٳ͡
Цأ
ЦڶЦأ
ҶЦǣܼޱ󣬵ͺޱߴأͻȻӿ䣡
䷨һϳ𣬺ȵأ
һЯ֮䣻һź֮ϣâ
˵ƶٶȶѾȥһ£ֻǿеӰһ˴˵Ѿȫͣײྡྷ硣
ڿռٶȳܾҳ֮УҶЦ䷨˵ٶͬʱ
Ц׺
ǳ
˷ڿм˶ƴԽԽԶһ֮䣬ȻѾԽ֮Զ
µɽͷһһıըʯƣɽ
ɽʤս֮УΪɨУӴ˲
ƴ֮£˷Ѿȥǧ֮⣡
ǿ߸̣ƿǰںŹս˪ºȳ֣Ϊ֮Ŀ࣬𶯲ѡ
ϵ۷֮ս
չƷ𺳡
Ц
ڤ
սеѾ𣬱˴֮䣬ѹ׵ľУЦѾ˵Ц
Ǳߵ䷨ͬʩչ˵߷
˪֣أǣƣƺЩ
ºعǰս֣׼ʱ֣
ҶЦ㾡ȫ䷨˶սƴ֮ʱ˫ƴ൱ָ£սһչ䷨ڵǰƵƿԽԽࣻҶЦ·硣
䷨ʼǿߣԪѾ£ɼգҶЦֻعҩĿԱ⣬ڼ˶ƴ֮У·粻Ϊ棡
սֹۣҶЦϵɫ˿δ䣬֮УԾɱѩһ䡣
ŲӶ֮䣬Ծݺأս߰
ĵ׵Ƿʹ˵ʹҶЦֻŲһеĴսһ
䷨˿̵»
Ȼ·磬ȴԽԽ£ԽսԽǿ
ΨһЦ
򷨣˳⣡
˲Լͬطһ
ǿᣬˣ޵һ
˻ƴս·һԱǱͬҪƲΡΡɽһ֮࣬ನɢӰ֮£Ȼһʹ˱飬ֱӳӰȴͬԾٵĵ
޾̳գҰķΧУȴҲ漴һĨѪɫֻת˲ʧ
һ̣ټһ뵶ɢ
ʲô
̳У䷨һŭζıȣУ˲ţԼεĴܸС
֮治УΪʶ޾𣿡ҶЦԶƺԾɳĸо䷨µһֵĸУѾɾ֮ܣ֪عޣ
䷨ٳһŭߣռ֮漴һȣһǺݺݵӲƴؾ࣬ʧɫ
ΨһĨɫٶȱɢǡ
ǸŹֹҶЦ㱰ɣ䷨ŭŭٶڳз
й͸ͬ㲻ʶҹ֮壬ұɣҶЦЦ䷨ԭµһֵͷôôҲǣ㽻֣һҪ㾡֪ϸ֪ģǶֱɣܲȫȻ֪ˣս
䷨Ȱ㣬Ҫĺã


543 ƽɫ
ɢȥٶƶǧ֮λãȴһĨ⣬ڿݺȥ޾ռ䣬и֧飡
ȴ䷨УȻһѽ
һѹ޻ڵĳХǳڲ
չƷ˼Լ۾
µһ䷨ЦҶЦȻȶ˱ԸһֵĶ֣
ٿ䷨ĺϣӨȻֳֵĺΣͬЩѪ
˶״ӵĺȻĪ
䷨ȻˣҪȶ
˵ղŵĶƴУ·ģʵ䷨
ǣ⣬ô
᲻ҶЦƸأ
ʶתͷȥֻҶЦϣҲͨ죬Ҳͬһ˿ѪԽı촽Ծɱֺ㶨ӷ·һƮȷ䷨
䷨һȡ˱չƣҶЦԾɿ֣ȫûóԼıӦе˼
棬䷨ŭһҶЦóľ
ҶЦҪýʱ򣬽Ȼֻ֣ǣƾڵ㹥ƣҳ
䷨ЦҶЦΪ󻰣ܴôʵ̫ˣ˴˷жԣʨӲþȫڵֻԾĹԼ
ҶЦЦô㵱ĵĻͲҪ˵ЩΪνµһֵ𣿵˭̫أ
䷨ЦλߣҪڣҲҪڣĺڽڣγǹ䣬ս֮ϣ伫ֻΪսҲãҲգյӮҲʷдߣ
ҶЦ⻰ҲȻˣǾҿ񳯣˭յӮңǸʷдߣ
䷨ٲ𻰣ŭХһͻȻƬأȻĽڡ
һԴԣһƬƬһһ˸źݺ䣬ռ֧顣
˭ܿó䷨˼ѾǷȫ
䷨٩٩̸ʴʣʵѾǼȾŭղɽһζƴҶЦԵһƣΪʤƾ֮͵͵ħ
νġħԴֻعԭħеĴ֮ħʸ룬ڣȻʥΪý飬ʥǿԪܣͬߵڣǱĬ
䷨ԵɺʥȻ̫£ΪȻѲִ֪ħĴڣϧħںϣһ֮󣬱㼴Ҳ޷ֻƣȫħ
䷨ǰıѾħʮ֮߰˵״
֮ǰµֻعʵ޳еĴħ䷨޴˻Եֻȫ̶ħ;
Ȼһһף֮ȻħֻعȻŻԶȴҲһںôǾǽħ䷨ԽħĹ֮Уӭսٵ֮ʣȭƽ֮У˵ʤ
ħܣȼȵȵȣͲζۣǺ쳾ļѰƥУһ֣Ϊ䷨ɱﵣɱС
Ȼ䷨֮޵֣㲻ʹ֣ҲѾ˿ɵУȻӵؼȴδӦʵս֮УֻΪܾУԱʱ֮裡
䷨ţħԼʩչз֮У֮ޣ޿ƥУԼһУҲҪ֧˿ʹȻһ
Ϊµһ֣۾ᱦ£˼ʾȻһССЦôʱ仹ֻƽɫľ棬Ѿ䷨ЩҲסˡ
ԾͳԼѾռϷĵڣҶЦһӲӲĶԺ䣬ħ޹ܣҶЦܹӵһҲ˲ᣬս
û뵽ǣ˫չ˶ײһ˲䷨ظܵԷ֮УȻ̺һԼûнӴĺ
ﵽ͸Żֺ벩Ȼ
ԼħĿǣ
ңһĪ֣֮һԼķӣ
һζײĽ䷨ɳ˴˵ǰʵΪۣҶЦȻΪ򼫷壬䷨ļޣԾѷһƴҶЦȻҲǼѷһһܡ
¾ô棬䷨ħĻҶЦ֮УδػǹɫͻȻ֣ˣҲδؿȫ״̬µ䷨ôĴɣڱɱħʥķɣڽӴһ˲䣬ħȫ޿ص˲߽⡣
ƫƫȥǸʱ򣬼䷨ҲѾٱУҶЦһ˸ʵ֮еһ˲ͱ߰һš
ħȻһ˲ȫԵǰʴ䷨ͬʵʵİһ£Ϣ˿ǰĻңǿ䷨Ծ޿ɱļʱܴ


544 ䷨
⻹꣬ΪҪҶЦʤ׷һ
֪䷨ȻٶħֻƽӦУ֮ΪۿۣڶԷۻ벩֮£ټһ֣
֮£һ֣űҶЦõЩϢʱ䡣
֮ǰȡõϷ硢֣Ѿɥʧøɸɾ
䷨޷ܣ
ȻҶЦײͬˣ䷨޷ܣһ߸ϵԼЦܾʵ
ҶЦĹȻбŭȴмļɵ־ɷڡ
־壬ҶЦشħĿǣ
ҶЦгһڸղһӲƴ֮УԼܡ
Ȼڳ֮УҲһܹŤתս֣ȴû뵽Ȼô޴ǿ״֮£һٽ䷨ˣ
ղŷǶռϷ磬ȳ֣Լ֮£Ӳƴȴһ֣䷨ˣ
ΪдмңҶЦȻܹоղһӴǿƴ۶Էзس䷨ľһɴݿ֮࣬
ԼʵΪ䷨൱Ĳ࣬һԽ䷨һٻУ
һӲƴȴҶЦɻΪһƴջ񲢲ͬһĶ֣ͬ񹦵㣬䷨Ѿˣ͵ڶĴеĳɹԣԼռñһ㶼ˣ
ҶЦһתҲףԼ֮ǰͶ䷨״ӡ֤֮ǰ֣ᵽֻع׶ˣ˼ʵ䷨ѾΪֻعӰԶħ;ղŵзֻ°ħħԴħ֮ܣ
ԼһаĿǣ䷨ûħֻͨӦԣԼȻԾռݽλϵƣȴ֮ǰĳԷ
ҶЦЦ䷨ŷһƴʼĩ䷨ʼղħս۵Ľͽдڵľ棬ǻ㾡̫䷨ʳ
ֻǣ䷨ΪҶЦ칦ħޣ̫ԼˣӵеħٶУοϹᲢۣǱԣƣҲ̧ۣ
䷨߳ŭ֮£˼س˽
䷨֮󣬼ʱͺˡ
Լ˭
Լϵµһ֣һɢޣʤ֮䣬ʤΪЦԼʤûЦѾǴӣҪȳ
׵ǣԷʼûжñ
Լµһ֡ͷǽ׵ĶѼȥˡ
νߵʣ䷨ſڹ˼֮ٶȷȫȴֱӳȫƱҪѾû
ҪﵽĿģҶЦɱЧֱ۵ķΪĿĵ䷨ǲһˡ
Ա߹ս˪ºչƷɵ˿һ족ĺչĿ࣬Լ۾һС
Ҳ벻ҶЦȻܹ䷨λϵĵһֱȵȵز
ǲҶЦղԣɽв˳ɧأ
ȻҶЦȴס
Լ䷨֮䣬Ծɴ൱ĲࣻղŴռϷ磬񹦶ħѹ̫ų漣һĴת
˼ʣ䷨Ϊղŵʧ󣬵ڴʵۿۣۼʵʵԼԾɻҪһ
䷨ĽͬӣҶЦܣӹһƮƮȥڶԷһĽ֮£ǲɱı·磬ػ֮ǰһı֮С
ռϷ䷨¶ѪɫһϺȣϯصİ˷꾶Իһ
֮ڣҲֳ޷״̬
䷨һɱﵡ
Χ֮ڵҶЦ޷κԿΨһѡֻӲ䷨Ľ
ҶЦѡӲƴҲ޷ѰĽ֣
ȻҶЦԼڽ֮ĵڶֻ˵ϵͻҶЦ׹̶Ҳ޷ֻԼɱ
Ϊڶ΢֮ϵĸ߾磡

ĳһƬ򣬱ȫԼľ
Ƭ֮УԼ
ܵ
Լ֮еĵˣԼūѡ
ԼҪʲôԲκη
ڣҶЦѾ˫塣
ӲƴȻҪԴͬҪ
Ц䷨ЦԱؼҪ㻹ЦӢۣ
ޱм伷ѹλҶЦȻظܵԼת֮䣬Ѿʼ΢͡


545 벻ͨ
䷨ʵֱۣȫѹԼȴΪʧȥӣҪԵǰַʽѹեĥԼ
֮ǰˣ䷨쳣޴ģ޴䷨ˣҲЩʧȥ侲ûʧĳС
ҶЦһ˿Ȼٻ׻ԼǿԵξۼ˿̣ȫСǰУ
䷨ЦҶЦ˵֮ǰһΣûƷνǸʲôζ
ҶЦг˼ڽĿʵһǿߣ㳢𣿡
䷨һνζֻߣ¼䣬ûܹñζǰûУûУԺҲУ
ǿɲãҲھҪƷˣ
ҶЦδ䣬һ𣺡
һȻ⣬Ȼ
֮ƣǿն䷨˫֮䣬̼ǳ޾â
ƺ췱ǣһ̣Ȼ١
ػ־һǳ
ҶЦŶǳǳһʽڴ˼ʽٵϡ
һֵ̣ǳʣƺе
ԭաһ̣Ҳˡ
Ψһܿģֻ貵˼ҹշǻʡ
䷨ֽһǻһ㼱룬ֱһʵĻӰɲǼݳǧ֮⡣
ΨеѪڿƬƬ䡣
䷨УأץŰض̽
彣Ѿһ֮ã᲻ɴݣࣻ䷨һֱϧ֮ڸղǳӴ˲䣬šǡһ죬ǰؽʱ飡
޿ƥеľâ
䷨ʧĻֹǺڽֵָͷԼ첲ϵĵˣѪ죬ɼǣ⣬ϣϣǰȡҲֳˣⶼɲ
Ǳˣ˺ۣ
Ҹ
ǱҸ
䷨Լ˫ɱ֣޷죬ʮʮȣ©Ȼƫƫĵ£ȻҶЦͻȻľһУ䷨ͨ쳹صĳΪԸ⧲ʱˣ
ƵľʹоѪڵεδ£ȴ䷨λһ۴ӱŭ֮УѸٵ侲
ҶЦһҶЦ˵á䷨һԶվĿƽҲԵƽ䵭ĵ
ҶЦٺһЦ޵̫õԣǱȻĽ
䷨룬ĵ˵ͷ
ҶЦ˵ԼεϵȻǱȻĽ
Լ޵̫ˣõʼĮһж֣ͨղŵĽսȷҶЦΪҪԼֹһʵʵԼĶ֣Լ˫֮£⣡
ԭȴһ©ҶЦǵѾȫˡ΢ײ㡣ңѾ΢Ľײ㣬Ȼֻĵһ׶Ρ
ֻĵһ׶ΣԾѾʽˣ
ԼһֱäĿĴУЦҶЦǻָΪǰһ󲽣ܹȥ΢кڱѾǼޡ
һʧԼɱֱƣº졣
ǰĹԼˣ˵ײǻԵɺϣս֮ԸƣȻȶϣԼγɵһ̣ѣƽǶԼʵвɱƣ
ΪõǰδĽ֮Уõ棬δһľ
ֲһһֱϳȵģԼʤȯգ־һ̣
Ϭ޵ķˣ
䷨ûлڣҲûкޣȴһɱ⣡
ȫȫҶЦɱ⣡
ղһǱҸԼ޿ɱܣͷԼ廯ħ꣬Էֱ״̬˳ȥֻ±Ҫ𵱳ˣ
ڴˣԼԾɳ൱صƣǳʵĳԼħγ˼ĳԼڸղһ˲Ʒˣ޽ӽζ
ҶЦһ֣УȴǸоһ֡
䷨òƱһԼ뺮ѩ䷨һЩ
˵ԼӦô׵֡
ҲòϣС㡣䷨ĿҶЦϺƣЩĿĵ˿ڣڲϵ䶯ϣ޸ؿҶЦֻǲһ£
ҶЦʲô£
ֻǲףΪΪԹʥ۷Σǡ΢ľ磬ȴǶʱ֮ھͿٳɴﵽģǿ΢ǰˣҲڵԪƷ۷Ļϣ˰¡
ϵͳеɢޣܹô̵ʱһأݣ뺮󣬵õ״ص˵洫Ҳܹ΢֮ѾǼޣû֮ϣͻƣ
䷨벻ͨĵط
Ϊʲôô죿
Ϊʲôô죿


546 ֻ
ϴ꣬ҲͲһµʱ䣬ҶЦӵԪһƷԪƷ۷ҲͰˣʥЧ䷨ᣬǣ΢ľ磬ȴҲܹԽģ
Ǹܵ顣
ұǶɣǵ츳ȻĽҲĽģ
ҶЦǳϵĵ٩
ȴԸпԭҶЦ뿪ԼƮɢ˲䣬Ƿʶͨ͸Բת⣬֮䶼Լ֮еͨ͸ΪѵõĶ
һ̣سɷһ㣬Խ磡
䷨˵츳ٸߣٴˣҲܶʱͨ΢
ҶЦȴΪһ˲򣬳ƣ
ֻһ뵽ϵ٩ҶЦһʹϣҶ¹ѩƲ⡭ҶЦһѹ˷ڵѪ
ֻϧʼջûгɹҵƷζ䷨ĿҶЦΪΪ׻ЩѾվ
ҶЦĵҲѾɹؽµһ澪𣿡
䷨һŭн˸һ£ŶôΪ
һչѽֱֻУɭ˵֤㿴䷨Ծ޵Уҵ޵д˵ڼ
ԭѾϵָͷȻƬ֮䣬³˳ظ֮٣̾Ϊֹ
䷨Ȼƶһƺ֮գۼ䣬ˢˢˢ߰˸䷨ӰÿһӰ϶ǽ˫֣߰˵Ӱͬʱɭɭ˵ҶЦ֮ǰһ۽硭ʩչַţֻ꣡
߰˸䷨ƣͬһʱҶЦ߳ÿһӰÿһӵ䷨ȫʢʱڵľΪ
ƣǳӯ֮
Ϲ˸䷨ƣһǶѹ˲ҶЦоѣ£ҲЩվˡ
һУ䷨ѹ׵ֶΣ
ռֶΣ
ֻ꣡
Լֻ߰˵Χˣÿһ߱Լ۷ʵ
ٿоеĻģ
ҶЦͫһǵصӿ˿ֱЩ֮Уһ䷨ǲܼʱֱôһսôԼѾˡ
ҶЦȻķ֣ȫѰ֮£ǰİ˸䷨ÿһֳ״̬ÿһӵ۷Ϊ˵Щȫģ
˸䷨һ֣
ԭֻһԼҪȫͬıֶΣǿˣһӳְ˸һ̣ôȥ
ҶЦʱͷʹӦά裬ͬʱҲЩɻ󣺡λʦ˵䷨ռֶΣǴ񹦡һεķֻ꣬Ծռˡ
ôأ䷨Ȼãʲô
ŶһХ˸䷨һ֡
ʮѽ˸Ʒ˷ﲻγĽڿſռһмҶЦ
ҶЦȻ֪䷨νķֻ󷨣ضܵ˸ȫӵеͬһʵбضʲôΣһʱҲ
Ψһѡֻʱ˸䷨ȫˣͨӴϸϣǰһսֻ˵еսֻСȫ񹦣ȫء
ȷᱻԷĹƿ壬ıԲߣ
һʱ䣬ӿǳ˸ź嫺⣬γһȱ©ıסҶЦ塣
ȻԴ䷨ĺڰŰϵӣϵ󣬼ռսֵÿһ䣬ҶЦչˮкأ޿ײĲʽ
֮ǰӦһ䷨ҶЦҸеӦѣοǴ˼Ӧ˸䷨Ĺܹγ΢Ŀãһζܲǰ취
Ƭ֮ҶЦȻطһ¡Է˸ʮѽĶ޾缸ռϤˣԼǳǳޱߺ֮࣬ԾȵסƽĶۣǴҶЦģԶԷѹ̫̫ǿ̫̫ͣˣ
Լ˿ȻھԵ·磬ֵĳ˵֮ݣȫûУʧܡҶЦԼԼԷȻγ㹥ƣԼԾȵס
֮⣬һ֮ҶЦ죬ҶЦĴ㣬ʵĹУͨ˫Ӵ˲ϳԷڣԼټãʼնԷĽײһΡ
һ񹥣һأ˴˱оཻǸܵ飬˵ܼĹأһϵĽ֣ôܻ᲻ֱײأ


547 ʦܡ޻ڣ
ڵ״ǣ䷨һ㡣
սֳȫ·ҶЦһ浹ѹţ񹦶ħȻȻĿԣǵ˴ദ̫ʱδزӰʱ䡣
ڵƣǸƣղɾã᲻أһζأѾڲʤ֮أƲԽԽ᧿Σ
飡
䷨׼һת˲ŵĿյһҶЦҶЦƺһӦƵɵͬʱǳĽâס䷨ĺȴԲͷһһѪ
ڿĵˣȻѾȲסԼˡ
һХ
йעսֵ˪ºۼҶЦΣǳ֣˫赣ͬͷǿдãã֮УּȴչƷҲƴ֮Ƴ
顭
һײ֮˪ºĺˣɫɷףѪɫ
չƷ˲ŲԪ߽Ϊڳʵ̫ԶǷܲսȴһѾ𵴵Ѫ
ҶЦĺУչƷŭĿԲʩչһ֮У޷˵سǰȥȻǴԼһҶЦһ㻺壻ɵһͷһů
ͬΣԾȫһһ߾Ȫɣ䷨ɭɭһȴˢһӼˣɢİ˵ӰٶȻԭһˣºۣڿȻɽ
ֻǣǹ˺ȴԽԽԽŨȻ䷨һˣ
ˣɱռһ
ҶЦõ˻õһ㴭Ϣ֮ʶ䷨ΪֱһԾ벻ף䷨ղԼս֮ʱǳ˴ġ
ԼΪҪѷ䷨һ̫࣬ڸղŵԵɺԼԼٰ㲼֮£Լõһٻɱ䷨
ȻΪ䷨ϵһ˲ѳԼɱУ˶δȴʼ˲Сˣ
Ϊʲôܹգ֮䣬νֻꡱ칥֮£ȴһӽ˫Ĳȼĵز
ȫӦã󳬳顣
䷨ڵʵ˻ÿԾӵ㿰ԭɱôڸղŵս֮У;ڱԼƣȻУҲǱ䣡
УȻԼûŪ׵ĵط
ǣʲôţʲôΣȻӪôĲ죿
һ࣬˪ºͦһҶЦء
ֲ֪νµһֵĿ£ԼԾƾ֮һ䷨뷨죬ޱȻ
չƷվҶЦǰͬһܲಫļơ
ҶЦһ̾Ϣ
չƷͷҲأΪܴɳƵСʦܡ
Ÿ˵֣ȴ͵ҭټ˵ȥֻӦ˵ǲ֪μ˵ȥ
ҶЦûб¶չƷɽһСʦܣȻȻ˻֣ҲӦ֮⣻ҶЦѾָЦݣչƷڽгһСʦܵʱ򣬾͸оϰ
ֻչƷɲ֪ҶЦ˿кγǰٰζͷ˼ع⣬չƷԾɿĻԼܽгһСʦܣֹ꣬ܿɹ
ҶЦ
㡭չƷֻоԼɬǡЦ
ҶЦ΢΢˱۾ҡ
չƷҲһ£Уͬһ˿ӡ
˵ءչƷɿЦľֻһѰˣε츳Ҳ򲻿ܴﵽڵĵزĽս飬ļʶǻۣҪۻٳ֮ô֤Ƕ޶áЩϽɷϽ֡Ǻǡ
ҲпԣұĶԣհ£ʵǴΥԣȻѾǽȴҲ޺ڿԡҶЦ
ףȫסչƷ˵ҶЦ׿ʦԵۣʦֵˣԾǷһ仰
Բ𣡡չƷһֵ˵˵Ϊ棬֣ǷֱģΧ£վˡ
ҶЦһ̾û֨
ڣݸԹֻ㣬ЦҶЦҲãЦҶЦҲաչƷֻһ仰չƷͣһ£һֵϲϣǺӵݣ
仰ʳһһֱû˵ҲһӲ
ҶЦס۾Դӷ֮һĻһĻ£ǰ
ӵõ㵤һֱﻤͣôຮӣΪԼѪءٵ󣬼飬ŵİʦĺǻ̵
ǰһһ֡
ܷϣ
ǣҶЦ˵һֵ֣Ҹղ˵Υģʵ޻ڣ


548 Ϊ㿪·
ãһ޻ڣչƷĿһһܣȻǺӣǾչƷɵСʦҶЦֵΪǳ֪ޣɱУΪͬʦܣҲģһ
ҶЦǲҪ嶯óȻδؽǰ֣֮δؾͲƣ
չƷɹЦȻԾɳǺĵӡô˵ʲôǺȫˣҲʲôΪֻҪ㻹ţôͱؽΪĴ棡
ֵܶȻ߾ȪȴҲߵĿ⣡
棬䷨۾ѾŨֲָγʵʵĵزڰУһ޴ī
һ޴īڿתһɭֲȺڰҪڰŵζ
䷨һͷڷڿпҵط裬ͺħͻȻ併ٵ֮ϡ
ħٴأŰ
۾Ȼ
Ȼ֣˼䷨򣬾Ȼȫû˰۰ףֻһƬ׵ĺڿ
˫ֻֻѾȾ޾Ũĺϴָﲻϵطɳ
ϣ
ϣ
Ѻ˸ĳٶȳС
ֻһΣȴʱһ޾Ӱ
Զ׼ǿֲķֻ󷨼ٶȳ֡
Ҹܸоһγ֣ƽԶԶһΡ
޿ء
Ϊֵܽܽܽܡ䷨ڵҲܳΪ˵ȫȫҲƵĺХ
챾£һ·Ȫ·ϣҲį
ХУһӰ֣ͬ˫ڷ磬ƺȻһ䷨
ܿģˢˢˢٽ䷨һģһһǿһĲսʤһԨsţһ
˪ºöһۣӶԷУһ˿
ƴҲҪΪ粩ȡĻᡣ
ҶЦڴڵĴϢţĿȴԽضŶ䷨аٻǧתıԲߣǾôȥԼһˣһ
ʵ⣬䷨Լǿ״̬
š԰ղ䷨ѾռȫϷ磬˪˳սţҲδӰ쵽ѾյȫȴΪҪʱȥ
Ҫէϣʩչֻꣿ
Ϊ˻ܣǿ״̬ȷʤ
ղŷѾȫƿˡûбҪһ٣
ô˵ԭ򵽵ʲôأ
Уѽ
ҶЦո뵽̨է֮ʣȴͻߵչƷ㶼Ұһѭȥ֮ʣȴɢĿĹ⻪ȳӯ漴ֱ߿գ嫽⣬ͬβһּĹ켣ںһγһԲĹ
գžһƬ
ȻޣҲһ
ԲһĽڿһ٣չƷɵ𣺡СʦܣΪ㿪·Ҫǰ
ߣ
δ䣬ʼ׹ĹΪ˺ѿռļХһ޻صı׳䷨â貵ĳȥ
Ȼ˲һ纮ѩʩչġĺһһĲ֮УȼգУӳԽ޵ܣǿ䷨ϣͼΪҶЦһѪ·
չƷ˿ڵʣ䷨ʩչǸʲôֻ󷨡֮ͬʱֻ˸䷨ԭһ䷨Ѿ㹻Լһ˽ͷöͬʱϰ˸䷨ȫ޿ء
ԼΪս֮Уȫ棬ֻȻעҪôøмֵУƴһ߿ΪСʦըһ·
ֻҪСʦܹȫˣԼˣ޻ڣȪЦġ
⣬лһ룺֮£ʼǶԲЦ˵Թ˺󣬲ЦҶЦЦҶЦֻǵСʦҶЦ
ΪֵܣΪʦţս
ɷ򣬵ǣ
˼ʣչƷ˵궼һ壬ΪĬһ̾ȼճµܣ϶ΪһƸ䷨һ޻ص̬չˡ
ʤܣδһУٿǣ
˳ԽԽޣԽռһ
˵ڳ嵽ǰ֮ǰѾ飻ԾаգȫļһһԵ൱ĳ
Ǿڣȡɱܻڵģ
Уȡ֮Ҳһڵģ
չʦ֣ҶЦ״ѣ˪Ҳ


549 ƣ
ҶЦһ˿Եĺڣ
Լֻع֣ǰһ˪չƷ˷£Σ֣㲻ӭж⣬Ҳݱ˹
ϧʲôӶѰ֮أûطѰ٣ԼһֱڹǣҶҼֻعǷʲôɣ̫󷴶
Լൣģ棬ҲֻӦδ£ȴѾӵľ棬׷Ī
ƽ׵õĻɣȴվûбôԼĹ˼ʲô壡
ֻ˵Լʼջ̫˽ˣ
ҶЦԼҲ֪һûл᣻ûпռ䡣ӣҲҪһռġҶЦҲûãӲǺܶࡣ׸˭˭
չƷ˵ľȻҶЦ𶯺ܴ
չƷ죬УԪ˫赣ǺʩʵСۺϴҲʤպѩġĺһ֮һѣҪԴ˳䷨أδ˪»˫ֵɱ߿൱ƻֻһ䷨ſЧȴǰ˸䷨
һˣҶЦͻȻʯһһ
һ̨ͨģ
һ̣ûκοǣԳ˳ȥ
һҽ˻Ц
Цܷ£۹仯΢ҶЦɫҪѷɫѩһ۵ٶȵĻֻҪЦһѩҪ󣬼Ҳܳң
Ƕµļ
˼ҲϾǸ࣬ΪչƷѾ˳ȥԪתɱУһ䷨ӴǱؽҲ޷ء
Ͼ˭Ǻѩôõ
䷨ԲŹԼġԼĻ˵Ļᡣ
ҶЦһ֮࣬Գ˳ȥӼ֮ʣȻһĿռڶһ̣֮ðһ˿Ļ棬ڿһš
̫˵ļ٣Ħȼնֵһ
һ̣ҶЦһ㣬ƾճ䷨ǰ
Ȼ֣һչƷ˻Ҫһ
ν󷢶ǡ֣
ǳ˸ҶЦľΪһƽƽ̳
ǳ
һǳ
ҶЦȫԸһ
䷨Ȼ¶һ˿пᣬȻǵпζŲոγɣȴͻأصɴ۾
ΪҶЦһ㣬ǰ˵䷨֮еκһˣǡ˸䷨еĽ
һǳһ漱һ޻أ
Ҫͷ䲻ݷ֮ʣôɨȥ
˸䷨Դ߱ܣͬһʱ䡢ʶĻӽһҶЦȫûиоκνģһӶȻ졣
һӿ֮࣬ҶЦ䷨֮Թһƣ
ע⣬һơ
ֻһƣҶЦ䷨Ҳֻǹһƶѣ
Ϊ䷨֮ǰԷֻ󷨱߸ѾͬûˡֻʣߵӰѣҲڰеÿһӰϣıŭԼ޵ʹ
ɶ񣡡䷨˷ŭʹһŭ
ħҶЦһϺȡ
š䡱һ죬εӰֻ䷨ĵ˳ȥҶЦǱҲббȥ֮УдѪ
䷨˴Լʮɵľ֮󣬱סΣ
ҶЦǱɰɣأԷȥδֹȴǱ㵵˼չƷ˱ڻ
˴ǰ˱֮ģһ޻֮Ƶĳ彫գ֮ҶЦȻǰ棬״̬Լ߹Ծɱԭͷܲƴ䷨˵һͱҶЦϡ
˾ƴ֮ģȴҲάԭɱȥϾڽǰҶЦѪ֮ͨͬʱսȫȻ˿ǿսҪܾ޴󷴴֮ȼԪ֮УȻ޴ȴδ˵˼˿̸ˣҪǿɢȥҪг⼫֮еྡྷȻѾǰϼӽྭ˷ɣشѪأ
վǳɹ˽סɵҶЦһǹǿķ֮ƳȥɣĲѡ
ʵչ˶ԣǺ£ҶЦάԭƣ׷䷨䷨ķֻⱻƣҶЦһƣʵ˺ȴǶأչ˵һԾܺ䷨ܹϼˣչȴǱģ
˼չУԪʧأٱס൱Ԫ״ԶҪȺѩʱҪãֻҪڴսɣҶЦȻд鵤ָ
ֻڣ˸ͲǹԼ⡣
Ѿ׵Ĵסˡ
Ҳˣ˪ҶЦԼڣ۲ŵǰ
Ϊ䷨߸ҶЦһ֮£ѾûˣЩӰѲ档


550 ҶӮˣ
ģֻʣһ䷨վڰУҧгݵĿű˶ˣ۾Թ
䷨ķôûˣô£˪ոҪȥ嵽һʱȻʾ֣ɵþг
ҶЦҵǺţϵѪ飬ɷףȴ¶һֳܵɫ
ҵˣ
ҵƽ䷨İ취
ȻһֱڣҶЦȻѾ֮Чƽνķֻ󷨣ȴԾ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼ֪Դͷڡ
ڴˣԾڸǲһʵǾǡ䷨ķֻ󷨣ѾҶЦ׵Ƶ
ҶЦȫȻ󣬴ڴڵĴϢţ޾ռڵҲ糱ˮһӿľֲʧ޲塣
֣˼ԾɲϲڸǱ˺ѵѪģѪ졣ǳԾУȻŽָмѾ¼ɭɭ׹ǡ
ˣҶЦеս⣬ȴ˿˥ˣԽԽҡ
չƷ˳ȥһ˲䣬ҶЦһʡһǾǡΪʲô䷨ÿһʩչֻ󷨵ʱ򣬵һ˫ͬʱ
䷨ȾǿߣȻýһ㹻αҪѣ
ȻڽоΣô֮ڽˣ
ֻ뵽ѾݲҶЦ˼ãͺȻȥĿ꣬䷨еĽ
䷨ķֻ󷨻ûпʼʱͽеʶȫѽ֮ϣǳķ񣬽˫ٵ
Ȼɹˣ
һֱڣҶЦԼʵţ⵽Ϊʲô
˫ֻԭڣ
ҶЦ䷨ҧҶЦŭĻȴ˻ʵοģ
ҶЦһЦٳһסҡҡ׹壬ڽ̫ˣ̫۵£δزڣһ⣬һشˣҷһ⣬ѽٵ֮ķֻ󷨡
ҶЦЦһ𣿡
ҶЦ㣬죡䷨ݺ˵
죿ҲٵĽѵҹԭΪҵˣҶЦڽЦЦ
䷨һڻʵң㵽ôģ
ҶЦʵʵҡͷһİˣȻȻҶȻҲгģһֱмʡ⼸ʣҽĿ˫֮ϣֻ󷨵Ψһ
䷨һŶ
ҶЦʵڽ֮ҾѾ֣ʱʩչֻ󷨾ѾռȫϷ磻˪ǿмսţԣҲӰ죻յʱȫɱ֮󣬴ݺˣʱȴѡֹֻ󷨣ǴϢʱ䣿ȫϳģ
䷨ѵͲҪǣèץϷǿּİϷ
һ£߻֣ǣʱʲôèץϷ
ҶЦĿ䣬ҹȻ뵽˽ڣȴԾûֵͨĸԭڣҡڶεķֻ󷨣ɫȣҪڵһΣҲ²⣻һεķֻ󷨣ʵȲѵ£ұƳģûзӳܡ
ԣ˪չʦǰ֮һηֻ󷨣ܶҳѹƶѣһ룬һ˵ĻкܴȫܣŻѡá
Ͼִ֮±ƳļУȱ
˵ģҲǣҶЦʵ
䷨˸֮ܣ˱֮£
ҶЦЦҲνǿ磬֮ǰ㿴־óֻ󷨣ʵȴΪսҲ£òУͬʱ˵ʱȴһʱϢȫΪʹ˵ڶķֻ󷨡ȷˣһεķֻ󷨣ǱȳģҰشȱݣ
ڶεķֻ󷨣ϣ汾ķֻ󷨣
ҶЦն
䷨ĬȻһʲôʣ
һʣǡ߲ʣΣǵһΣǵڶΣʩչֻ󷨵ʱҪѽѽǰγֵƣλȫͬһ㣬ؼһ֮ѽսġΪѽ̫̫࣬Ҳ̫ˣ
ɫ󡭡Բɫ
䷨ݵλɾͣвýýҲѡܹƥʵ֮ͬǰõǿںڽǿںڽȻ󲻸ҹάȴһʵĺýԼȴΪ˹ؼսУѡôڻʵĽأΨһ;ǣжȻĳΡ
䷨ߺޱȵ˵ΪǸʱͻȻҵĽ
ҶЦͷ˵ʵֻȴû뵽ҵĶˣȻôãһľͶӮµһˣ
䷨Ȼһһ󳱺죬ۡһ³һѪ
ѪǱġ


551 ䷨
ɹƵķֻ󷨣ڿȷȷǳѽϡҶЦϧԾ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼҽܷ²⡭ѽǽԴĳֹܣԸʩչֻ󷨡һûˣֻҲΪʧȥýҲ޷ʩչ
ҵȷ˫ԴĽɡҶЦԣƾһĻӰȻٲ⹦ֻߣϻЧܣ
䷨ɫһ䣬ЦһҲ²ڽжô
ҶЦֻǽ˵һ治ϡ֪ѽѾٵڣαؾ᣿ǣֻƣ֡
ҶЦ¶һ˿ǳЦҲ˶ܵ˼˰ɣôζܻǲܣ
䷨ҧҶЦȻˣҪɱ㣬Ծɲ£Ȼȥ˱ķֻ󷨣ͬҲ˼Ĵۡ
ҶЦһԽ¹˭֣ʼҪ˭ȭͷҿд˵Ǳ࣡
˵ţһ죬ʵµһ֣ɥĲħ̣֮
ҶЦ֮Իδ䣬䷨ȴͻȻһĳХ顱һȫ׵ɢһźһ̣ľ磬ͷ˳
䷨֪ǳʲô̬Ȼڴ˿ѡһ֮Ƶ£Ȼ֣
ҶЦͬʱͦȫԸӦս
䷨ʱ֣ȻҶΪʲôôôȴҲŹôõĻᣡ
Ϲһۣ
˫ԭͺܽ˲Ϣ֮䣬˴˾ѾӴ
Ȼ˲䣬ҶЦУҲأȻһëȻĸо
һΣĸоϮ
䷨һ̣ͻȻһ뵣һӰͻĳǰ
£ڷڽݵѣӣ
Ȼһ䷨Ȼǰ
ֻһ֣ǰδСѹһеľƣٳ徣
ͬһʱ䣬״ƿϮźಡһ±任䷨ıĿҶЦ˺󷽣䷨һǰһ󣬷ס˵ǰȥ·
˼״⣬ϤȻһ
䷨ķֻ󷨲ѾƵ
ôðһ
ѵղҶЦĲ²⣬ȻǴģ
ⲻǷֻ󷨣
˽Ǿþս֮ˣѸٷֱв죬ǰ䷨㣬һ˶ûУչֳΪ̵ĿֲоΧǰ䷨Ҫӿֲǿ
Ƿֻ󷨣϶ϲܳ
˻˼Ǹ䷨Ѿ˫ƷֳǴĮĲпᣬĵ⽣Ӱ֮Уһָͷ˪ϣ˪类׻ĺˡ
ͬһʱ䣬䷨һָͬư׾Թ϶һ㣬ܵºϣºƺһɫס
ָ˪֮࣬һƣɲɵչƷɳԽӴ΢ӴȴȻһ㡰ϡȻһ죬չƷһҺߣһѪɳȥ
䷨Ĺƣδսᣬһֻţ޺ƹһ߳ϣۡһнŵ첲ͬ򣬼ʱը÷飬һֶֻ˳ȥŽյĳɵ˲֪ʲôط
˼ΨһûϮҶЦȴ˿Ϊãʼһֻ֣ȻԼĽ
ҶЦһתǳȻһ糵ҹʵ˵˲䣬ȴžһԼƵʱ߽⣬һµǳ˵һ죬ѳֲסַȥ
ҶЦоͬһ㣬˲ʱԣ֮£ʱˣ
棬Ǹճֵ䷨ֶЦЦӢۣ
һ֮䣬ҶЦˣ
лҶЦ˪º۷֣
䷨Ϊֱǿֲħĵز
ҶЦжȻһһͷʧеԭ㣡ԭ䷨
תͷǸ䷨͸ԭˣԭˣˣνµһ֣ˣ
һģһˣ
ǰǸֻ䷨˵ֵܣڳֵһ֣䷨
ҶЦһ仰гʱȫ⿪ˡ
Ϊʲôųµһֵ䷨ء
䷨ڴ֮ǰ۾µһֵı£Ĵ˵һֱܶࡣ
׶βƮȻȥܳ򴫳һ֮Ըʲô춯صĴ¡
Ĵ˵кܶࡣ
˻¼˵רΪдһʫβ׺ĺѩҩƮһһϱ쳾һ


552 ䷨
׺֮϶ˣѩߣһһֺֹ·;䷨һһ顣
һҩɽ֮һ̾ȥƹȲˡ
˵ôԽԽԽԽа
ܿ죬˾͵õһʶ䷨µһܣ
𽥵ĶΪµһ֣Ӧܵģ
䷨ˡ
Щ˵ҶЦûŹΪ䱾ǸεߣԼˣҲЩ˵֮еκһ
ȻԼûпô䷨Ҳһⲻ󣬱ϾͬһΣʵ࣬ȴ˹
ڣҶЦЩ˵
ЩŪǧĴ˵ôضɽ࣬˵ʵһǮֵ
ΪЩ¡
һģһˣ
һһس֣һ˵ȻҲһس֡
ⱾͲͻ˳µ顣
γɴ˵һؼǣˣӵһģһò֮⣬һ۷弶Ϊ书
ˣᣬ˻Ϊһˣʵڲϡ飡
ҶЦˡ
ΪʲôһʼֵǸ䷨ԼĸоǹŹ֣ڸо֪У˵֪УԲһ̨ѻԼͺѩǸ¼һǿ󡭡
һˣػǿ״̬
ô£
ҶЦ״һֱ˼⡣
ֱڣڻȻ
һ£ҶЦҲǻȻ
ڴ˵У䷨ԪǷʥΪ޵и֡ǣһˣҲʥȴһֱ֪˭û¶档
ڿʲôû¶棿һֱ¶棡
ˣȻǰٻ䷨
ԭһ֮ڣժʥģ䷨ֵˣ
ԭˣ
ҶЦȻ
ֻһһֱ䵱䷨

˪º˼ȻҲ׵ġ
˫̥Сͨ˿̣飬νֲ֣صĸ䷨ֵܵľΣǶ䷨λݳߵĵһ֣һ˫ֵܣǴûⷽȥ
˿ֻ̣ǿ˵ĿѾϤӭж⡣
һ˲֮ıǱŪôµĪŭ
䷨ǹ⽫Լ񻰣ⴿǽŪڹ֮䣡
ҶЦһûµĵһ֣νܣͨ󣬹ﾹȻӵһࣻ䷨ÿɻ𣿡
䷨ƮƮһƬڤһ侲ţҪ˵ʲô
ҶЦʧЦҡͷµһ֣ʶֵ࣬ǡ˶ӵпưԡΨҶʸΪҪһˣ
䷨ɣֻǸԵȴΪ˵
ҶЦͷûоǰһ׷ʣתʵôʶλմܲǽ䷨ɣ
䷨ǰ䷨УһƬɭɭʼӡ
Ǵ˼ͷһܵҲǸ䷨ȻЦЦг˱Ŀ⣬ݺ˵죡
䷨죡ҶЦͷһֵ޷죡
иһȻȻֵܡ
죬˼شΪϮֻ֣һͺãҿˣһǰɱΪ䷨쳣Ȼȴž԰յķΧ
·˵֮ⷬҶЦ˾Ѿע˰ˣ޿ת
ã
ͷɭɭĿҶЦһۣоǶɱ
ҶЦǰһսɣ䷨ɫǵĮЩζƺһսȫûʲô£ĵˣȫȻ᲻ֵֵó֡
мһսȴֱһսֲ͡
ֱһͷϼֻϣǼֻǿ׳ϣ
Ծֻӣ
ӣ
˪һ䷨ҵжҲ˵ʲôϻʼս֮սǻҪǻָһЩս
Ҫ󣬾䷨ݶԣӦϸϵĽ˵ҶЦ˾Ǻ󱲣Ѿսʤ죬䷨滤סֵܣҲٶҶЦ˳֣ٲڴ˿̶֣һ˪˵˫жȻҪս޿ɱ⣬ʼն۷弶ߣһأҪġ
䷨ɫ㵹޷͸һʱ䣻Ȫ·ԶҪһķ⣬⡣
˵գԸȴƮһɵľ롣
ҶЦһ֮ʣȴȻоһ죬һƣͻȻء
䷨һȫǧ﷽Բ֮أޱ޼ʡ뷶Χ֮ڣеı仯䷨ԣһŵġ
ڣҶЦҪʲôҲӲ䷨ʶء
֮䷨Ѿͬչû֣ȴѾһжȳֵ״Ҫӣ
ºһˣ䷨㱰ɣ


553 
䷨ɫԾƽҾֻһӣ˵ϻֻ˷ǵʱ䡣
һʱ𣿡˪ƿڴ㽫͵ϮҲƵĲǾ͵ͬѾˣ䷨µһֵͷ伫ֶε𣿡
䷨Դָȫ⣬˵һ飬Ҿֻһӵʱ䣬һӵʱĺܶݣֻңʱֻߣҿ϶ǲ⼸֮˵ָȴ֪֮ʣ᲻ûϧһʱ⣡
˪ºģ޲ֱȥҪļһ
ѾѾҶЦֹֹˣֽĸ˶Լߣÿ˵жһƿ
䷨ʶȫεֱ˹ֲֻعջעӡ
ҶЦȻǲóֻع䷨еĿȻΪֻعóĻ뻹ãͻᱻߡ
ؼһԭڡǹӳȥ֮󣬱Ҫ˹һʱ䣬Ȼһ˵ʱ򣬻Դݵ˹Ӧ
䷨ǿУڶս֮˹ҩ
ȵ۷Ϊѱֵһɱˣ
ʱֻعֻ䷨ǰ֣ټ˵ڣ
ҶЦ˼óģǵ񵤣Ч鵤
䷨ļʶȻܹҶЦָ˵鵤ǳµĻۣҲδӵ˼鵤ֻҪֻعǵԾɲںĵҩ죬ܹЩΪȴܹΪ
˵Բʲôģ˸η塣
Ī˵ǰˣѩǶҲδܴ䷨о⼸˵ܹһ仰ڶˣѾǱ֣֮ô·һھԵʵ֮ǰεҲ޼¡
˲ֵô󷽡
䷨󷽸һʱ޵ĳԣҶЦţʥַˣԼɳᣬ©ĳ˷ʥҲûϵʥ֮˹Ȼڷ֮ʱ㼴ӵмǿˣ䷨ȴνС֮УԼҶЦֻͳ鵤Ըʧ
ҶЦǸ˪ÿһֻƿ˵Ƿֵ鵤ԸвͬѾѾõ鵤ּΪʮö񵤣ÿһöӰΪȥ˼ÿһΪ͸һ֡
˪º֪ǽҪͷʲôȫʡ£ùƿԽƿеĵҩһԵ̷ȥ
ҶЦֻƿչƷ죬ͬʱλʦ֣ǰսܹӵսʮޣʹ֮ҩǲԴ˺ԱΪȣҸǵ鵤ԻָԪꡢܣǸղʩչеļ֮УԴģһҪȷ
չǾþ֮ȻԼڵǰսܹ𵽵ʵڲǲƴĻֻ׸Ϊ˲ҶЦĸۣȻҪԻָ״̬Ϊȣͬûгӹƿͷ̷˹ָ״̬
Ծѩյ֮ҶЦԪʧĵӦԣΪУչƷʧҲ纮ѩյôˣö鵤֮󣬷ǵԴԻָ״̬Ҳָ˰˾ųɣ߶䷨˺ܲΪ׸ˣ
սʱǧҪע⡭
ҶЦٶȵͷ䷨ΪȻ컹ҪʤһǼ˶Ը֮ʱѾǳֶΡмֽҲǿܾˡ䷨ӿ£һԻرܶ״սȻݲð⡣
УǸȻΪдˣ˵սһߵȴһҲھս֮е䷨ؼǣΪǻָʱָܻͬ١ҪעǣǧҪΪֻ󣬾һ֡Դµһ֣ǿӵЬӵĻ
˻ͷ
һսּѣսֻҪܹӳȥǾʤҶЦԵһҪָӣеһжȫҪָӣһаԥǾһ͵ͬ
սֿʼ֮һȥȫ䷨Ȼ˵һϡʱչʦֺʦ˿ԥɣҪ뿪սţȫܣ
ʲô˵˵ϣȻתߣչƷɼҡͷʲôսӳȥʲô壿ԲУ


554 ߣ
ڿûִʱչʦֻҪסһ㣬ֻҪǰ˵ˣôǶˣҶЦ֮Ϊԥ·ʣﻹõͷ㣻ǲǣ۴һ
չƷһ𣬻Ȼ̧ͷҶЦ
λʦ֣˵ս⵱ս˵ϣߣȻɵ˵Ĵ㵣ʶԵγɵĳδؾЧҲδ֪ǸղѡΪҸ֤˱˴ꣻλ֮˱£ѵǾ֮֮Ӫ𡭡ֵ֮飬˴֪ˣΪҾΪԣչʦ֣ҵ˼Ҫһ֮Ǵһ
չƷɵһ˿Σļᶯ£ɬ˵ˣһ£Һʦܻߣ᲻Ϊ
áҶЦ˵һϡʱչʦȫߣһȻ裻ʱ˪Ҫڵһʱ뿪ߵս֣ס죡
ã˪ºͬʱͷ
˵ߡʱָʾԶݣͬ˿ԥɣ뿪ҶЦĿơ
Ҳߣ˪ºһ£漴Բ۾
ôĻˣȻɣҶЦ͵س
˪ºһ£ίֵĵͷǡ
ãʹ۶
ҷͷӳȥ֮ȥڵɽŻϡ仰ҶЦȴǵ˪ºδ֪ͨչˡ
Ѿͷס촽ĿĿҶЦ磬أ
ֻҪǶȫ뿪ˣҪ׵öˣ䷨죬Ҳ޷һߵЦ
ҶЦɵһЦѵǾҵı£
˶չһЦȴعء
ҶЦı£ȻŵģһΣȴȫͬκһʱ
һԵģ޵е䷨һһԻ񣡵ͬ޵еĸֹ֣ҶЦһˣ
ݣ򣬶϶ûκ˸ҿ˵һȫ˵ģ
ȻЦʢξžޣ춯أͬˣҲʵǲֹۣ
˶ҶЦĲ㣬ʵҲǲ֪ҶЦƣ
ʵڴڼ䣬ҶЦʶܲҩɽһγսܹսԼ˪֮Χ䷨죡
Դֱҡͷü
Ҫ˵ʲô᲻᲻õҩ⣻ҩɽ̫Ը֮ǰѾһ֣ʱڣҶЦܹҩɽһ֮ǰЩޣǾԲٳֵΣ
۶գ³ŵ֤޼¡
֪ʵҶЦҲֻ̾һ
ôõĻᣬװ׵Ĵˣ
أǲ̫վǵÿԼ
ȴ˴ˣһҪ跨ҩɽḶ̌Ͻ
Ŷҩɽ޾͵ͬԼˣȻͲˣ
ԭ˿Լôתۣ

棬䷨˵ûУ˵ƵᣬȻδϵ֮أֻгˣ
ҶЦһЦԸаħҪʲô飿ֻѣ֮أȻô˵ػгˣԼðɡ
䷨ĮЦϣһ֮ҶЦ㻹ܹЦóЦӢۣȴ֪Ӣ۾Цֵ֮Σ
õһᣬھͿ֪ЦЦӢۣҶЦһХǳȻ֣ЦľżǾУͷϺ
ǾЦЦǧؾһЦ
漴˪ºһһң嫽⣬޾âɨ쳾ǧɣչƷǰνƣΪݹ£һȥԾ̣֮ȴȻҶЦһХ
ϣ
˶һϡνԤ֮⡣
֮ǰҶЦ˵кҪսһʱ֮ٽеģزŸոտʼս˫δʽӴͺ˳
ʲô
֮ǰҶЦصǿĹؼǣһϡֳڣ㶯ʼ֮ʱ
û˵Ǹϡ־ʲôʱڡ
չƷȻԴãȻ⣬ȴҲֻƻ£ԭѾȻԪϤע֮ڣŽ˲ǿһ෴ķȻ籼׳һ˳ȥһת˲
չƷ˵ʵΪ֮ڳκ˶࣬ԾʵʵĵԪƷߣ˼ʽԪΪȫĵٶϣΪ¶üͻأ䷨ϣ
쵰ɣȻ
һ״ƿڴ֮࣬ӶȻһ׷ȥܻζ


555 
ȻԼĶģΪչƷۼЦΣ׼ʱӶݣһþնս֮У׼ΪԹעԷ޸Ͼĵݣ˵ã
ȴŹչˣȻ֮ǰս֮չ˲û𵽶ãʼҲǾеһؽϵĲбԣοϷŹˣչ˹۲΢յľʵޣӳԼ׷ɱ
ҶЦ˪ãעֻ䷨ϣϾҲԼϾչ˿Ǹոձѣ
ǣǰ״ȴ죬˪º˫ƶȻ򣬻һɵĹ켣һһңǯסȥ·Ǽǿ׷չƷ˵ĻȻ˪˵
ڵĲҵ״û׼Ļᱻ˪һɵۼķǰȻɣŭХһתѵӭ澣
˪ºǳŭֺ˪˫һļɹȥж
ղűҶЦشһѾȥһ룬ȻõƬ̵ĵȴС񹦶ħĿƣƷǵûкת񻯣ս˿̣Ȼȫ˪Ķ֣ǿĹû㹻ʩչ
һʱ䣬Σڽڰˣŭȴǰ취ûС
һߵҶЦȴͬ˿ǰΣ֮С
ֻб䷨ǱߣҪΣգ
ϾҶЦԵһ֮սȫµһ֣䷨
ҶЦԼĿǣ֮ǰսʱҶЦѾ뵽£ڱ˶ǣ䷨ȴδء
䷨΢ĳɾͣԼڶԿ
Ҳڻôչȫλء
Լͼһ㲻ۿ۵˵ôһԷԼЩˣǻԴˡ
ԣҶЦ˪˵֮ȳ֣ڳֵĵһʱͺϡ֡
չλʦֻ⧲ϣһǵãԼո˵Ļ
ߣζȫ
ǲͬĵһʱ䷴Ӧ䷨ȻӦԼ˪ºʵ赲һʱܻǿõ
ֻҪܹ˳ȡһʱ䣬չƷɺ϶վȫˣ
Ŀǰһɵĺ˳
֪ǱߣǲΪ̫أֻûԼĲãӣڲõĵһ嵱У˪Χɱ᧿Σ
ƻҲǲø۵ģ۾ǣҶЦΣ֡
ҶЦڳȥ˲䣬ѵȫǳͬһС̫һ㣬ڿкâɣҶЦӰȫһ֮С
ЦŽͬУԺǿУҶЦУҲǴûйļˡ
һΣҶЦѡ˵ͷţȥԣ
ЦͬСɣ˲ѳ׷䷨ǰ֮·
䷨Ҫ赲չƷɵߵĻôͱҶЦĽǰǿͻƹȥ֮⣬Ҳûеڶ·ߡ
䷨˲ۿſҶЦ¶һ˿ǰδеء
˫Ȼʮָתˢˢˢָ磬һ㻮˿缲籩һ㷴Ϯȥ

䷨ָ磬£ʵȴǾ׼ҶЦÿһײϵطڿһƬĵ
ҶЦɽĽ磬㣬ֹǧ
䷨ôȵվ˫һָ绺򣬲ηһȥȴÿһǡôľ׼
΢
µһ䷨΢֮ܶԷʲôĹƣǰ˭˭һĿȻ
ܾ׼ĹÿһϮƵ˳չΪ֮ЧԴǧָͬʱʵȴǴɣһ˿ҡ
˵Ǵݲȵģ
֮ǰѩǿйıޣĺһ֮Уǿ䷨䷨õľֶΣǰԹԹǰȴԹΪصζ߱죬ȫԹ⹥Թ⹥Թƣ
˵ľޱȣ޾д⣬дֱʣ
ҶЦףʲôǴ񹦣
ǡ
ɴӣ׺ΪһڣһУ֮С
䷨΢Ĵӣ
һִĺۼ
ҶЦȥδԽԽѾʼסĲ
䷨ĸ裬ȻָֻȴֹǵԹ⹥̺ԹƹɱڣƮƮָ磬ʵÿһָǧ󴸺ݺ䣡ƴɽ


556 ΡΡ
ֻǵǧ֮ȻҶЦУǧƵָۻǿҶЦҲɲ֣Ǳ顣
ҶЦ֪ͻһӾԷ⣬ϺȵΡΡ
ͬס
޾ռ֪˿ѾȥҪͷ˿ָſռڵɫɽХ֮ƵĳҶЦľ
Ȼ⻪һһŲߵıȻ٣
Ų㱦ΡΡÿһ㱦Ǻ嫽ɣ˸âȻ䷨Ȼ䡣
СΡΡţȴҶЦͻ΢֮֮ۺϱһѧ½ͻ֮УȻ˼ۣѾһ˿ζĿ걻ⱦסܹǿֻ޾ѹĥ³
еɱҪҶЦ߾СЦ֮ϣ˵İԵƥ
з䷨٣ڳƶʵ̤벽ת˸򣬻ˢˢˢٵָͬʱ
ڳеͬʱҽһ̧͵һ١
šһ˶ƺʲôͻȻˡ
Էǰ壬ͼϹһ۵ҶЦжȻһ䡣
һ˲䣬ȻоԼ֮оû˹
Ϊ䷨һ̤֮£ҶЦ䷨ǰĿռ䣬ͻȻˣ
ĿǲԽããڶ
˼ʣҶЦ䷨ԾܹĿ˴ˣ˶ܿԽڶ
ڶ֮ĺ蹵ʹ˽׷롣
ҶЦ䷨Ϊʲôô
Ϊ䷨޵е̫ˣսһ⡣
ԾЦеʱ䷨赭д⣬û뵽ǣҶЦھЦ֮󣬾ȻʩչһСΡΡ
ճ˵䷨жϲ©ҶЦЦѾȡһգʱ򣬶϶ûп硰ΡΡȸʤǰЦɱС
ʵϣҲҶЦһֱûùһеԭ򣬳̫֮⣬Ҫû㹻Ԫ
οǰ״ڷЦ֮
䷨óһۣҶЦѾûٷɱУֻҪԼסЦ֮кһȨͻȫصԼ
ʤȯգôżνð
̫⣬ҶЦΪȻһУΪ޾ռΪܣжڡǾ޿ܷ飬Ծɱ˿ܡ
˼У̬ʧ䷨Ҳ޷ԭݣֻѡܣȻ䷨ҶЦĴܣһ˲֮ر䷨֮ǰΪ˱ַһֱһû״̬ٶѾԱ
Ƕһ޴һزġΡΡȻ䷨Ҳ޷Ȼǵ˲⣬ܵش
ȻҶЦƱؽܸصƣ䷨ȻԸܾ˵ĽĽȴԼµһֵ
䷨ֺ֮ܲ£ı취ţһ̤ؿռ䣬γɿռڶǿзָߣԴƽҶЦļС
ԾɴݣԾ
һͱȻĺڶ䷨ܽѹ
ҶЦ޾ռĹɽâһԵŤĿռڶСһþȫȴһȭյĸоҶЦӻ˻Σһܣһ̣ռڶȻһԶָ֮ԭ
ȻҶЦѾ˼ٰıɱСΡΡȻô군ˣ
ʢ֮¹ȻʿѾݱ˲תսԷţּУսǻ۵ɾɲ䷨ίʵһʵ飡
治ΪЦӢ۵Ц﷭䷨ɭɭҶЦ̧ͷֻƮƮѾԼǰ
Ȼ䷨սپ˽ۣ
ҶЦƺһĿһ뵵Ȼ
΢䷨ԶһƲ˲óһۣ˴αȻ׷չƷˣҲΪ⣻˵û˵ĿģĶԸҶЦ˼ʾӳȥˣΣ
Ƚ˵ȻҶЦչֳġ΢Ȥ΢֮˶죬Ϸ˻䣬ͬɽ֮ʯԹЦҿ΢Ǹʲôӡ
һţצӰ˲ʱУһϬָ磬ȫް϶ķʽĸһ֮ʮŵɽϮҶЦ
ҶЦԼ֪Լ£ȫעɵ΢֮ȫչȻۿ֮УȻо֮䣬еһУԼܶϤš
һеԼĹ۲У硣
ǰĿռһ޴ľӣҶЦعӵ䷨̧֣ʮָצ״ηצ


557 ĸ
צӰȻһ칦
нָ磬ֱָ磬ʮָͬתһջţ磬գ֮䣬ǧٵָϯ⣬ȻټһȻƷ籼Ϯ
צָƷ
էһ䷨ƺֻ̧̧֣ʵȴع
ÿһ磬ҶЦжװ׵ĻϮ
ҶЦܹһһ
ڣҶЦԼо˼ǣһ̣ԼȻֵĿ϶ԼӦԣԼĽնʲôλáεȵǿȣܹЧĽضϵ˹ƣ
ҶЦһ˸ޱѤá
ֻеôһȴ·𻯳һ蹵һǵûи֣ҲûκεȻԴ䷨йȫͬţ뺣һ㣬˥䡢ڡ
״̬£ҶЦΪۣĿǰ̶ȣڣȴˣ
Уȫ޻ٵˣ
䷨ǴɽƷ磬ҲҶЦһգնԴͷΪޱ֮ľת˲ʧӰ١һĹ֮ҶЦ̽ԨsţɫЩ֮⣬ȻǺˣ
һĻս֮е컹˪Ůסˣ
ˣ
档
䷨ԽԽɭѾһѹֲסҶЦ΢ǡ
ҶЦһֹֻ֮оƺʲôͻȻˣ֪Լľ磬һ㣬Ǵһ̿ʼǸ̨ף
ĳΪˡ
֮ǰЦӲ֮ʱȻԼĻʶõǣȴֻĳѣӰȻԾɷؼΨһ̵Ķ򣬲ϵľͻƣ
һͼӰ
ҶЦЩ䷨ʻʶһ
䷨ɫ˵Ļ͸ݲȥղɱĸ󻼣ҶЦգļɳ
ͻȻ𣬺ۡһһƣȴһòʵӰӣҶЦչ޼ϵĳ
䷨ȻʶҶЦ˼Ȼʽ˴֮ţڽ죬Լѹ֮£ǿͻһž
ԼлὫ֮ɱǴ֮õֻ֮ԼҲɱҶЦˡ
Ϊдң΢˵䷨֪ҶЦݡ΢򣬿νѧĹͬǣֽʽȻֽܹ⣬ôҪҵ׾ٵ顣
һҶЦ뿪Լĵλǰδеĳ
ȹ̵ǰֻ֮ԼٲĶˡ
΢֮˵Ŀ£
ΣҲҶЦ뿪䷨ŭ𣺡䷨ĵһ֣ԶĴ棡
䷨ŭзȴ˿ңƴÿһжּڱҶЦӲƴҶЦڵ̶ȣ֮Ȼ޾ռΪԮԾɲ䷨Ķ֡
ȫƾʵսӲƴò˶೤ʱ䣬Ҫ߰
еѡҶЦȻԸѡִ򷨣䷨ʹÿһȻ߱вԣȴǲôΧ޲ƣҶЦӲƴһζ㣬Ǳ״Ӧά衣
һʱ䣬ҶЦæңտƵ
Զ˪ռϷ磬ҶЦߵսۼҶЦ״ݣ죬ǰҶЦ
ҶЦ˿ȴٶȱȳڣߣ
ڶ¡
˪ºľǲԸǲᣬԼ紦ôգԼôܾʹ˱ߣ֮ǰŮȻԸβᣬҲֻܰռȶƻߡ
磡㱣أ˪ݺݵɱһֱָ졣
磬ǳ£ںεأһȷϢ㼴ȥߣ˵
ºߺߵĴһͬϬһ죬Ů˫赣ܴʢȻǿ죬ҲҪݱ壬漴Ӱһ׺磬һš
ߣ߳ŭԼǱѹŴô죬Ů˾Ȼ˵߾ߣԼ¾Ҫչ׷
Ҫ׷״̬޷¹˪ߣ䷨ɭɭ˵һ֣ɱҶЦһĸ󻼣ֻЦ𣬼¹˪ȴܷ𣿣
ҶЦ䷨ֵļɵһ䡰ĸ󻼡ееʵ뷨
£Ҳ˲ʲô棬ֱӷֵ
ΨоٻɱЦǵ֮
䷨Ȼµһ֣Ƥίʵ˭棿ҶЦЦ
Լǲ˰֣Ѱ·䷨Ƥ˼ʾҲЩˣſڱһ䣬Ͳٳˡ
¶ԣ䷨ԼҲ֪Լɵʵ̫ص̫ˣе㱰޳ʲôġ
Ϊ¹ϵһ֣ٵж֮ʣȻҪһˣѾǲҪݵ޳ܸ߶ȡ֪죬ԼɱҶЦΨһᣡ
ʧʧһ׷Ī


558 ֶΣ
һ⡣
ھʣҶЦѾ㹥֮£֧׾޻֮Ȼڽ֣⡭Ǻεд
㲻ҪҪҺòãһҪء
ѾŻҲֻܸϽǰеǷݲԸԱЩĥĥ˼
ĥʲôأЩ䷨״ʱŭһԼȷʵѾƵҶЦٲά裬ԶԶûеʤƵĵزҶЦԾܣܵþȷޱȡˮ©ôȥԼΪķ̫ض¾ת
ϾнǴΧ޲ƣŶԷӲƴʽѰзԱ⣬ÿһжҪ൱
ǧҪʹá΢֮У䷨һշ˫ҰѹȴԲ졣ʶҶЦ΢֮Ч죬ȻܹƽԼ΢Ǿһƽ죻ʹãͽ޹ᱻҶЦץסá
ΪʲôԵʱһ£˼⡣
ȳ״ܣԪרؼǽ΢֮ã뱾֮У΢֮Ƿֱ𶥽߸ǿ֮ķˮ룬ͻȻ˵ˣܲһΪʲô
ڻҪϻٽ£ӲƴԾ󻼣䷨ŭߺ
иһŭôǴͷƵģʲôôôǣôΪʲôǱҰʵȫ˵
䷨ȻҲ֪ȻԾɲ״ȴǴһǰ
ίôӵĵù𣿶˳ˡ㻹Ҹ˼ӲƴȫȻҵ㵽ǲҵĸ硭̫ɶˣ
θ̣һսţҶЦܵѹȴȻһʱǸΣˡ
״̬ȫսѾ½ֻ࣬൱ȫʢ֮ʱɣֵľȷԲڵǰԡСΪսΧ£࣬䷨һ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿ״ڣӵ᧿Σ֮ݡ
飡
ֺΧҶЦ޷ȫܵ״̬֮£ֻѡԵӲһƣȻ֮սۿۣҶЦȴҲսƣ֮һлƴͬʱѪԸ˺ˣȴ䷨ӶȻһȻȥҶЦı¶Цݺһ䣡
ҶЦ˻ΪղһƴྡྷĻˣ벻䷨ȻôƤȴҲתءܿռ䣬֮һҧǿһԪӭϡ
֪۵ܱȲҪǿɣ
һƶƴһĺ䡭ʮƣ˾Ķײһһ˫Ķƴ֮࣬ҶЦһƺߣӾͬһڿйȥһ·Ѫ죬³顣
˫ָȫ飬첲ҲѼŤ֮ǣۣ߹Ҳ
䷨ֻӻ˻Σӹһ˿죬漴һ̲ͣ׷
˿̵¶һ˿˷ܡ
ƻɹҶЦ˼˫־٣޷֮ܣԴյֶεĻ̫ˣȫĵòʧ
䷨óһۣҶЦֹڴˣҲΪ
ڿնɱͷˣ
ۼ䷨׷ҶЦּһҺ֮࣬ӾԶȻһת
һֱͷ֮еɱﵣδһõһȫ˳
ɵ룡
Ӳܵλ÷ɳһתһ˦ͷͷ漸â˸ɳһͦأǰâٶȥ
䣬°ڣЬף
Ϲһٶö룬ʮڷɵͬʱ䷨ϸҪλ
ЩɵҶЦѾûжùϸ˵Դӵ֮󣬱Ҳδһãȴһֱڴĥһֱøֲϼӳ֣׵밵Ƿ򣬶ܹǰľ˰
˼ʸҶЦǰΪӵйԾĿֲܡ
Űǭ¿ͷҪ䷨һһȻöɵöɵڽӴ˲䣬ѻΪ촷ۣ䷨ɱɼһߡ
ţ䷨һţɣάϵȥƲ䣬ϮķɵֻҪâӴʱ飬ۼ羡ȥһץҶЦЦҶЦҪ١
ֻ˵⼸֣ͻȻһУˡ
Ϊڴ˿̣ҶЦȫ׵һͷƺΪƳصĹϵһѪ
䷨״ȻֻиӵĿ⣬ȴȴһ顣
䷨ε񣬼æѭŸоȥȴһڵ룬ջûһ㣬ϣ
䷨˼ⲻ֪Ӻζת˼ֹ̣򣬾ҶЦո³һѪ֮Уһö룡
䷨һ̵ͷŭܷٻأ


559 ʧ
쵰ԼȻһö
ǳǿѪĵڣ֮ùܵ˼öֶΣ
ҶЦղصһö룬ʮѷɵڸղŵİ籩Уʧһö룬ɵֱʧ
ЩͷɵÿһöǱҲٵеôصʧȴҶЦԤ֮УΪ˳䷨ֻΪȷһܹУ
ֻһ룬ҶЦʣȫܡ
䷨ֱһ̣СģܿһĻ˵ҶЦҪһͿˣ
δϾʩչıƣֱɥ䷨У
ңҶЦ㲼ճɹһеģ
䷨ʼһˣȻʧУ˵ͬʱȴҲǼʱɫŭһ֣һƱһ㼱Ϯ
š˵Ǳ꣬ȷе˵ӦѪ裬Ϊз붼޵Ѫɫ
䷨ĶŰ룡
˿̵ҶЦѾ;ƿݣûаܵۼһ뼴Ϥǰء
ҶЦǰ״̬ǵ䷨㾡ȫֵ߳Ļ㲻Ҳñһǧٿףˡ

һ΢Ľлһֻѩ׵ССè䣬ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʳҶЦǰСɵӻ׾Թ϶һڿһ
䷨ֵ߳ö룬Ȼһʮ֮˾ţҲֻʮҶЦ塣
ĳֿνʱҶЦΣյʱ̣Ծȥ˾󲿷֣ɹ򣬵һСݵֻ꣬ʮͬķͬСɣԾҶЦϼˣܴء
֮ҶЦһƺߣһȵߣ
ҶЦսĵ
ֻǰ˳룬ĶǶҲԼ
Сèһ漴ڣֻСèͬҶЦʹĪʧԭأ׵׵ûˡˣʼˡ
Զ׼ҶЦյıֶΡ
޾ռ䣡
޾ռ䣬ͬȥһռ䡢һ磬䷨ʱεͨ󣬶һҪͽ̾κΣΪ

һߣ䷨֮߳࣬˺䷨ȳǿߣ֮ʱδ˼ʤǰܣڼĸ״ǹģת֮£Ѿȫʧȥ֪
һǷͬСɣҪ֪⣬޼֮֡⣬ڵԪϵߣûʲôˣ
Ӧã¿ԷΪж֮ʱԼԽη֮࣬ǰҶЦϹ׷縸֮ʱľԶأض֮ʱʹõĴֶǼʱĶҲνļѪͼӰ
ǿͨԴжʼͿԴжϳͬʱоԽԽʹģǿ֮ԽֻӦ΢ģĶԽ£
֮ǰ˪º֮ʱõı칬涾ر裬ԶԵĻļˣ
Ȼ䷨㣬ǿԶԶǧ򱶵ĳǿ壬硰ر衱ͬļҲóȫ޸о״
ǡҶЦ֮ĶҪʤ򼫶壡
䷨ʲôˣ侪ңϣһֱӿԼϣ߼һֱֱۣӾ͸
Ѫ١
ٷжֻҪ˿ڸ϶ѪǺѪǾʹûϮǸλã䷨ȻݣϣԼȥԼһֱۣɴӸԴʡḶ́Ȼʹһʱȴһݣ
䷨ĥʹʹģ۾ؿҶЦλ÷һУɽºУһȴҲ̲סֱӹ˳
ôʱһֻè
֣ѽ⣬˼飡
Ȼ֣ӷѽ⣬Ӳ˼ȴڣֻèôٶȣ
Լ߳һҶЦѾߣȻСèųֵģľ룬Լ֣Ҳδؿһ߰˾ųķɣ
ֻСèƫƫˣ
˵ٶȷ棬ֻСèҪʤԼ
⡭ڿЦ
Ȼţ㤵鷢ˡһ֮䣬èҶЦȻһʧˡ
ƺȫڻڿУҲû˰ۼ
䷨ΪԼΪ֮֮Ҳá㤡ĳĳ¼Ǵ˿̣˾ֻá㤡ݣ
䷨ŭһŭ𣺡أ
ͻȻһ죬Լ׷ǸӰֻõһ£ǰ棬һë
ѩ׵ë
䷨ķŭֱܷٻأ
ԭˣ
תͷĴֻ⳾𣬱죬ǸղŴսನ£֮⣬ʲôûˡԭֻôȻЦҶЦȻôʧˡ
ֵǲ˼顣


560 涾
ͻȻ
찡ô£ͻȻһС
䷨תͷȥʱðһ亹
ͬ䷨ð亹ΪĿһĻͬġ㤡
ֻУոձԼֱۣԭڿз䣬ȴȻð̣һ˲䣬ֱѸٻѪˮšžʧӰ١
ʲô䷨żϵ˿ڣֻоһð
Ϊʶ㲩мңβ֪ԭίԼеĶҩ麧ŵĿ̶ֲȣԼǿεȳ̶ȣԼģֱʧȥӳ֮󣬾ȻƬʱ䣬ͻΪѪˮȶ˾㤣
ҿԼղŵϣ򡭡˿̵ԼѾֱͬһ㣬ѪˮԼΪԿǡԼܶԿ
䷨ҾͶĿ̶ֲȼȥˣľǲ룡
漴һˣҶЦϣȻô񶾣ֲ˹Ķҩ
Ȼ֪ҶЦõĶϸ˵磬ԶԶλ棬Եĳ̶ȣȻǰȺףϵ˫
֤涾էֳ徵䷨дĲΪ֡
磬ˡʵ
û¡䷨һ˹ѸðŨǶϵ˿ڴҲں̣ƣ
ٷԪߣжֻ֫ʱ䳤̲һѣ䷨ȳߣʹϱίʵǵ£ֻҪջظ֫䷨ʹʥħЧƱظӣת˲ɻָȫΪ죡
Ȼһ֮󣬺ȫɢ䷨ȴȵķ֡
ǱӦԼֱۣ˿̾ȻֻСؼѡ
ȫָúԶ
ⶾԵ䷨ҧȻҼʱϱۣûȫҵ壬ȴҲѾ൱Ӱ졭Ҫȫָ¡һ֮
벻¼䣬ȻȾ
û°ɣʵ
ˣ䷨ݺݵ֮ȰҶЦҳҾͲţܵƾʧѾ˴ܲԶġ
ѣ
ڵߣҲҪҶЦҳɵ˲ҽʳѰ䷨塣
⡭һôҪֻҪضʱСЩȻЩš
˽첻ֵܵͷ󻼣ƽһУ䷨˵Уͬ˸Źһһ
ôأһ
ϻˣϽȥ䷨һȡ
˿̵䷨Ѿļ٣ҶЦŸոտ磬Ѿӵ˹ܣǵȫɳǻ˵ã
Լٵоḻ֮ԶʤҶЦʩչռķţҶЦĽУԺ¹˭֣δ֪Ƕ񶾵񻰵ļ
䷨ĸоԼȥȥҪ׻ˡ
ãϽӦǰ״̬ãڵʱʱĳ䷨Ѿ̬¾˿⣬²ֻӣϸϸѰȥˡ
䷨ֵ֪ܲǣҶЦֹܳԶѾڵǰλˣҶЦǰ״̬ĺܲãһռ䣬ͳʧȥʶ
˼ʵƣίʵ̫ˣ䷨һƴô׾ܽµģ
ҶЦµĹ۲Ϊ˶ʮ༸ȫ顣
֮ǰһζʱ䣬䷨ֵסһֱ˿ȷ˪չƷɵ˶϶ȫž룬ʱҶЦҪܵѹ֮ȴġ
Եһ֮ͬʱ䷨ֵܣͬʱµһ֣ȻѾˣˣʼҲڸҶЦܵġ
ҶЦûоϢͽӭһս˿Ҳֲ֧סˣռ˵ϣԲѡ
޾ռ棬жڳʩȣҶЦǰƣҪѣ
ʩʩȻءһͷҶЦһֻצ̧Լ漴ҡҡͷȻģ̾˿
СצһһŵҩȻ֣ˢˢҶЦǰצӣǿŵҩҰ³ҶЦУ漴ҶЦϣʱʱһ£عҶЦ
ҶЦǰ򣬶ΪãЧʵҶЦ
Ŷ׵ҶЦǰռеҵܹҶЦͬƺǻѾõĺˮҵһɹйԴԴ޾ķʽҶЦӿ


561 ξ
һӽ֮󣬸ǴĿڱǶȡȫëףˮкأ޿ײ̬ǿҶЦ֮С
״ֹһʱƬ̣ƳԴԴϣ޾ƺһʼûдоͷһ̡
ҶЦش޾ǿӿȥ֮ٿʼ޸
Уһֱ˶ҶЦǰһ
СƨɾѹҶЦѵ߹棻β;һƨ棬̾ΪֹģȴצӾȻŽ״̬һǰצǰ
һ̵Ķȫһֻèһֻ󡭡
żצۺ룬һǳԻĿӣԵúǣżһצԼӣԴһתתȥץǳСǺĵӡ
״̬һֱҶЦϣһĲҰףָһЩѪɫʱ򣻶ڸ˵һβͺƷ糵һҡ˰졣
ҶЦڳ״̬г˲֪ãоԼƺһĵΡ
ȥ˺ܶĵطǰδȥĵطֻǣ״̬ĴоԼһŰ貵Ĺâ棬Ư
ûܷ״̬µԼԼȴĹſһУһֱƮĿģҲ֪˶ʱ䣬ֱһ졣
ҶЦԼͻأƮһƲ㣬Ų췢֣Ʋ֮оǱأĿǴд̵ģһׯ԰
ҶЦµʱеһ֣漴ǿҵ𺳡
ղԼʼʱԼܵģλеһƬƲʣׯ԰ȻȫʵģռĶһӦʯͷݣľʯͨвĳ֮
ΪΪУŸԳ˵ĲһѰİ֮УĲôѰ¡ʣƬƲʹȻСȴһʯͷҲǸɲ˵ġ
ôҲ﷽ԲռصĴׯ԰ֺֹǧڽ
ȴ˹ɰƳصأ
˼飬첻ɽ⣡
˼ȴͻǰӰһһλɫ˴ӻһһ߹˵ƺܹƵĶֵһ̣ʧȥɫ
ôһ·߹ʻĶȻͷƺ绪֮ǰԲλࡣ
ҶЦĿ֮£Ҳ۾һֱԼһ֮УûмôŮˣ
ӦͱòŮӲಮ٣ȴȱŮءӺݡԼһдƺǾǧ֮绪
ҶЦŮӿҶЦһۣ΢ЦȻǸСӡ
ǣҶЦƵʵ
ңֻһͨˡŮ΢Ц
ҶЦƲƲ죬ֻͨˣ
ƭأ⻰Լô
Ļô¼һɵƵͷ˭
ǿ֮Уʲôܹͨסڰ
ܹôĴֱʣ
ǰģҶЦʵǵǰֱۣҲҶЦҪ֪⡣
ǣٻǰĽĴһʱ棬㵽ʲôģŮӵЦЦȻӢۣһ콾ɡ
ҶЦһ
˵һ䣺λŮڿ佱˵ʱܲЩҪ˵ôܡ
佱⡰Ӣۣһ콾ʣǰǱأզǳͷβĳأ
ҶЦ漴֣Լ忪ʼŮǰߣţǰƮȥ
ĿۻңһĻֱͺǴԽռ䡣
ҶЦȻ֣ԼνԲĶ֮ءһУصԶԶֹղŵԤУ
Ⱥ½Ҫ
½Ȼֻǵͼλ棬Ծ൱Сλ棬һռҪ½ׯ԰ֱʣֹǵһ֣ݣ
һ·ҶЦǷ֣ׯ԰ֲҩݣȻȫְҲѵһҩҶЦ治û޾ռľռ䡢ҩɽջ񣬷򣬾ЫζһݵģҶЦ˼ʾǾԼ
Ϊʲôĸоʵ̫ˣһ·ţȻһȺСƨڴܣһп޵ģнеģжֵģģܵģºֳһ˵ġ
Сӣʮࡣ
СôȻôƤôⱾǲΪģҲղŵǿжأСڿҶЦ߹Ժһ׷׾һˢһʧ
Ȼе棬ҲЩӶõ˴УָأȫгṦȻ˵е㳶ҲǾԲܵĲǡ
ҶЦϸ֮£ȵķ֣СȻ岻ˣԭտյĵϣȴʮ͸˲Ρ


562 ˣ
Щ˲һŻ䣬ҡҷҶһƬҶӾ۾һ㣬ҶЦ˾ζ
ˣҶЦɵһҲ˳
ʲôһȺСӣȫһȺ˲Σ
һȫѾͣʶԻ˵Ķ˲α
ٻղһȺСϷ׳۳棬ҶЦʶ˿⡭Ƕࣿʲôӵ˲Σʲôӵܡ
ֱǲ˼ġ
Ȼݲ˼飬ȻǰԾǲ˼飡
ҶЦ߹ֻ֮󺰴еҺˡ
ղŵ¶¶û꣡һˣ㾹ȻµӵҵҶϣ˵ɥĲԡ˳˺ޣҺ㲻죡һ
ֲǹģ治ǹģôˡһŰ۷
һƬ֤ǹģǹģ
ǣ򲻻ô׼ǹĶô׼Ҫǹġ׼ʲô̶ȣ
ƵľܣƵɥĲ񣡡
ǿǴ氥
ԵĲ죬֧Ǵһԡ
ŷҮ

ⳡ㿰ͼı֮ҶЦЩˣԽеԼԴˡ
ǶǳεġʶõľֺòãΪһСͲˣ
УʲôѵǴлģ
ǰǷ绪Ůתº͵ҪˣһʲôӣЦ
ۡȻ˵ˡ
϶Ǹ˵ģ˵ģ
Ǹ˵ģ̫Ҹ뾲
㲻뾲Ҳ˵ֻ˵
ϲˣǸ˵ġ

һ˲ֵڵɽֱĸߣղŻڸ̵ֵ
˵㵸Ц纣
СһôƤĴ֣Ϊ˺Ů˵仰
СƤ
ŮεסԼͷǵĵǰԲˬЦ󷽡
ҶЦһЦкͰⲻ飬ôҿĺǺǡ
ŮӺǺһЦ漴ҶЦֿǰ龰仯
磬Ǹ绪Ůʧˣ
ȡ֮ģһϵ˼ĺΰһˣվǰ
ڿ˵һ̣ҶЦһָо˸ԼɵѹԼƺˡ
۾ҶЦҶЦ
ҶЦػ͵ͷȷʵףȵϱꡭ
漴ѩ̣˵ǲϵˣ
ǰŮӵ𣬼̿סЦ⣺ɣ㲻Ҳ˵ȵ㵱ô
˲Ȼŭ᲻⼸쵰˵ÿСӳøһٰ˳ĿͬҲȤҿڿˣ
ŭɶǼС˵ʵ̫ƭƭƭԼֹھȻƭҵͷˣ
ƽĶۣò̫֮⣻ġǲƲҲ㵱꣬ģаȻģһûǰҶЦȻδȻ˾ӣίʵ㵱ҪһŵĹʲġ
Ů˵
ƺǹˡһɫ㬵˵ʲôʲôŵĹôһҲû֣Уôͼˣ㲻Ҫ˵òá
ŮӺһôԼԼŪԼ˼ô
Ӻ˺ߣСһ˵˵òףҵ껹Ҫʤһġ㵱꿴ҵʱ򣬿ͱסˣʵɣ
Ůۣúúãһס˵ĻҪΪ˵ÿһ仰ÿһָ𣡵ʱǧ˵ԩĳ˧磡
Ӽ״ʱɵۣæǸ֮ǡ
ҶЦƲƲ죺ȻôţǶ˵Ϲô˵ƣҸղžȻ㱻˸ѹ̫ˡ
һˣȴǰһһŮ͵һ£漴
ŮͻȻ֦ҲЦֲ֧ĪаƸ񵽵ˣȻ˵㶪˵Цˡ
һĺߣתͷҶЦ죬ΨһƬ
һȻô롭
ôң
ôң
ҶЦǿά򶨣ȴȻǾȻ֪ҵ뷨ص˼룬ǿţ
Ҳǿûѹû뷨죬ۣ˾ˣȥɡ
ô˼һȥôأŮ㶼˼Ū˹ôܾͿһ۾˼ߣôҲ˵ȥɣ


563 һ仰
ɶ˼ߣôأ̯̯֣СУһָͷ̫ˣŲҴܴ
ڿԽԽˣܲеǰ˵ķȷ緶ˣҲҪеʾɶġŮӷ˸ۣ˵ͻȻСˣĲװ
ֹղŶô˵ң˵Ŷ˵һø͸ǲǰˣɵӣ
ŮЦֱɵҲǲ˵أ
ҡҡͷ漴ڿһץһ⻪ʹۣҲ֪˵ץЩʲô漴һҶЦǰ˵ŵĻǳԣСˣ
ҶЦֻоĹ⻪һӾͽԼ壬оޱ
ơ
ֻǰŮƺָ˵ĪаڣСô
ӣ
˼̫ˡŮЦЦһܣһﰡ
Ӷʱ⣬תͷҶЦ´૵СӸҵ꣬ҲȷеҲӵܳǰҲһ竡ѵõǣǼˣҲûɶøС
ͻȻǰһ
˵ţȻͰ׵ЦҶЦ˵ãٰһѡ˭ҿ˳ء
ҶЦͷһ£΢Цúñء
һ仰ҶЦͻȻоްοľǿߣǿնھ۷ĴߣôԼ
ƺһص͸һƣԼ壿
ҶЦͷǰմ
΢ЦСֵܲضʣ㵽ˣ֪
ҶЦЩԺĵͷ
Һϣܹһ㿴˵ЦЦһ仰
ҶЦֱ˶䣬𾴵š
ģһֵһģĿɿ컯ģݲ񷣡
ж·жԶ
Сֵܣģж󣿡
ĿҶЦҶЦڳ˼ЦЦȥɡ
ҶЦһơ
漴ҶЦһУһ۾
һ̫ͻأأ϶ŵĶһһʱϵëһ˫۾辪ֵĿҶЦβͶҡһҡ
զˣѵǱˣ
ҶЦһԼΰĹ֮ǰз绪ŮӣԼֺɽӣԼԼ޾ռС
ʶղŵ־ĵѵղžֻһΣ
ǵλеľȴһоĿһҲûǣҲʲôǵãŮӺͰӵòȴ˵ʲô벻ˡ
ΨһӡֻУŮӺ绪ӺӢ㣬ѹܰԵ
پһ㣬ʲôûס
һһŮ֮ÿһԻȫǵƺԼ߻һ㡭
ǸеģֱǸΪ˱˵Լе񡭡ͽԼץȥ˲֪ٸ֮⣿Ȼ˵˼仰ӻ֮Լˣ
ۣȻұǵϴôãҲ˵ʱˣ̫ˣĳĻŭţ裬ôݶҪˣ
ҶЦ˰ΣԼֲɵȻʧЦҡҡͷʵ̫ˡһȺûε˲ޣԣ̫ЦιȻûаʵУֻҪ룬ʲôӰ춼ֵܳˡ
Ȼһ̣ҶЦȴ͵ؽӲˡ
ΪȻ֣ԼȻҡͷˣ˼ά
ҡͷ˼ά峺ⱾǶֵôСֵ飬¶ǿҡͷ˼ά峺ģǡҶЦ֮ǰǰδеشȫ£ûеõĵط
ѡۡǶϵλãعƣҲжʮϣΪͷһʱѾܴأǿŤ䰵ԭѾصƣӰϼӽ
ҶЦȻȷԼ޾ռĵһʱͻˣʡˣԼǵãԼĲòѾŤ̫֣ѾˣάһǴ˿̣ȻˣǸûиоʹࡪҵ˴ȥأ
Ƕʩȵô
ʩǿ϶ģһεˣʵ̫أνѾȣſռܻ֮ѾңҪȫ渴ԭȻҪ൱ʱҪѸٸԭܡ
ڡôͲأ
ҶЦ۾Ϳһ˫èۣɵԲԲĴԼ
ڣıֱǾ㤵ģ
ԲԲӣϵĵɳۿҪ档
ԶȴҲζû뵽ζš


564 
ҶЦղŻǱˣһʮ֮Ѿȥ˾ųɰ롢һϢʱƨĿ
ԼȻ˿ռޣ㾡еΪˣȻЧͼӰ˺ת˵ȬǶʱϾһܵˣʵ̫ˣ
ǡԼĿתע֮£ͻȻͳ漣һתۡ
ʵת۰
ҶЦϵ˺ۣȫһ˲֮ڣϤʧ
ո罦Ѫϣ˺ȴѾûУѣѵĹͷҲָԭ״
׵ģҶЦ״һ˫ƣˣ
ԭΪԼۻˣ̫ҶЦܹת˴צ˰۾ۿȥҶЦ˹Ǻˣ
զ£
ԷģԼһֱҶЦϣΪԴסҶЦûƬ뿪һûУӲۻʱ
УͻȻĺתҲԲҶЦԭΪҶЦղһֱڻ״̬
شȻ״̬Χ֮Уôص˾ͻȻ֮ȫˡ
ûûףĪĺá
⡭
⵽զ¶أ
£
ռ䲻Ѱڣ˵κҲҲɡ
ٿȷʢʱڵԼû޾ռҲΪ޷ɽģ
мڴˣоԼҪˣ
˼⣡
ֹǶеԼҪ裬Ϊ˵ҶЦͬоԼҪˣ
Ϊ˸ظܵ˷Լϵ¼
ˣԣһΣȫˡ
桢һһ˵ȥ˶Ұɣ
˵ѾǲȻұôѪŶΣ
ѾҲٹѪһ㣿
ڵǣ£ôĵôأ
ңԼƾ֮⣬òƻһ顣
ҲԱƸ¼ǰһȣǴвģ
ǾһֱǱԼڵĽڵҩеڵĹ֥ԪܣǱܣڻͷţٶȣѾ൱ˡ
Ȼˣ֮ǰǱܣһֱӷ״̬֮УԼΪλȻԵñԭҪ࣡
ն˵국˻Եͨ죬ڵȻĻȡ˹֥Ԫܵİ˳ɣֵõ˱ƵĳΣ汾ֻعԵֹͨ죬ֱҪ찡
أһһףԵ϶Ǻôȴڶʱھԣ˳ֻع֮
ҶЦԴȻɻ󲻽⣬ֽ̣
赭дĽͣԭ򵥴ֱΪ̫ͣ񹦷ӵЧʸͣľͣڷֻع֮һ죬ǰ۷壬һ㣬ȴѾľȫĹˡ
ڵۣ֥컯㣬ĺöĹֱ״̬ܹáںϵЧȻͣԭںϽڵٶȻڵȫҩҪһǧĻҪһ꣬ڹ֥Ǻǣʱھͱˣûǻ֮
ҶЦʾ⣬㵱˵ڶʮʱںȫĹ֥Ԫܣɾ޵д˵ô⣬ɱأ
ƲƲ˼ܹ֥ʱȳܹ֥Ԫֹ˺޸Ḷ́Ȼǽ֥ԪܵںϣǺεȵĥ£Ѿģ
Ѿǽ֮㣬Чܣ֮ȡԿƹ֥Խ֮ѹǿȡ֥ԪܣһֻףȴҲĥ£˼ܱôܱô
˵꣬Ҳܼʺ磬ʼǾ֮󣬵üĲʺΪѤ
ɿܴĵ̣֮ڣͲָˣ
ھǶأҲ̫Ҳͼǧɣ
ҶЦǽֱ̣ˣǧ꣬ûǹʱ仹ĥĥ΢֮ʲôģҲ̣ΪұΪ
Ȼ˿̣ҶЦȻ֣Ǳܣٶȷ쳣ı仯ǽڵǵѾָںٶȣ֮ٱϣ
֮ڵںٶȣԭҪܳڵӴܣֻҪʮ꣬ȫΪã
ʲôٶȣ
Ϊʲôᷢôı仯
ҶЦ䣬Ȼҵģȫʶ֮۽ϸ۲죬֣ⷢڵֻΪ񹦵öġǡԼУһ߲Ϣ
ĪϢǿнڵ⣬תΪԼ֮С


565 һϲ
⣬ҶЦоԼȬΪֽһ㣡
ɲǵͻƣǡ񹦣һ㣡
ĿǰѾڣ
ʵҶЦͷƤ飬ĵĲš
ҶЦԼƶÿһ㣬Ǿһ֣Ҫ൱Ļۣ͵ǰеھڣеĻۣԼеĻȫȫۻҲͽѣһΪ콵
ڼ䣬򣿣
ܵǰǸĵǵξ
ԼߵʱǸӺģǰĿ֮ץһѵ飬һѣƺǴһƬ֮Уץһʡ߲ͷ׵£Ȼ󣬰ӾôһԼǰ˵һˣ
ȻԼˡ
Ȼͷ֣ȫˣΪһ㣬ڵҲǰδеٶȽλˣһ˿߲ʵϢԼС
ѵǸǸʵΣҶЦ
ҶЦͻȻ˻Լ仰
ղȫ벻𣬵Ǽ仰ȴͬǻӴԼк𵴣ͬϵ
ĺĳӣһ鵴Լꡣ
ģ
һģģɿ컯ģݲ񷣡
ж·жԶ
Сֵܣģж󣿣
ҶЦҡ૵ҵģж󣿡
ԼԼ䣬ҶЦƺоԼǰһţ翣ģģȴʵڣֻҪԼһϣԼܹĴ֮ţ
ԼĴ
ؼȴԼġ
ģж󣿣
ԭⲻΡҶЦЩãȻһ
Miaһ࣬ˣָֻţϴë׵Ĵβ˦˦ȥ糵һ㣬ȻǶҶЦеβ޺棺զ£˵˵˵˵
ҶЦüͷŵʱ龰˵һ飺һΣҲҲΡ
MiaܼңСצӣܣǾԲܣǵصĴܣҲδܹõ
ҶЦʶĳ鴤һ£Լ״񼣰ת䣬ξ϶ξ˵λ̶ֳܶȣ˵ԼǸˣǡ֮䣬ϵĴڣ

ҶЦһͦԼֱۣһԼֱۣ֮ǰȫ˵ģڿȴȱ
棬һëôĻ۶ûУҪ˵ȫ顭
ҶЦȻȻλ´ͨˣָԼֱۿ϶ڻ£ô߲ʵϢ϶ޱȣ
ҶЦٶȽעע߲ϢϣȴȻ֣߲ϢԼ֮вߣʼɢתϢ𣬲ڽλڵͬʱȻԼ֮еʣ
ҶЦȻ񹦣Լĵر֮ˣȴҲΪùĵر鵤ҩĵ
ҪΪ񵤾;ûеʵϵҲеģֻ΢΢ԺԲƶѣ룬ܹõһŵ񵤣ǾѾǼĴɵհ׹ӡаŮڵ񵤵̬ȣɼһߣ˵ҶЦһ㣬һ־ǰʮţǶһĳԷƵı䣬ʶ˿϶޲һ
ȻＫطܹڵеĵͬСɣۻ൤񵤵ĵϼȻһʱԣպҲȻγĪ
Ǵ˼ʣǹ߲ϢתĹУԼССѪҺУʡ֮ǰôĵҩµЩֵһһı⡢𡭡
ҶЦˬֻоԼӣȻûôù
̫Ҹˣ̫οˣ̫ôˬˣ
Լ˼룬ҲֳǰδеĻԾ״̬ûԼΪǴûôǿ
ҶЦһˣ˷Ī㵸ʶķһ
һԵĶò֣ɵȱզˣɵȱô
һԹȥȥ˶ʱ䣿
Ҳûãֻһҵʱѣ
ҶЦ⣬һпĻȣֻһôô䷨ʲôǲǻѰ
Ҹһ벻ľϲɣ
ҶЦЦһߣȥ

ȻҶЦ֪ǣ棬Ѿ췭ظ
䷨޷ţҶЦƵ£ȻԼƤƾʧʧȫ޺ۼΪӵôսʤԼʲô£
䷨ţҶЦһʹһԼ֪۷۷塢١˿̣ԾδԶ
һڸ䣡


566 ɥĲ
䷨ֵˣһһ߷ҩˣһⷽԲǧ֮ڣϸѰҶЦټ
ĿɽɽɽǴϡã
ֻĿѾ촷ۣ
ڣԲǧ֮ڵĵؽ磬ѾһƽĴƽԭѾûκͻ¡
£ϸ޵ĳ
Ψһص㡪顣
ѰУ˵ֱӾȥ˲ֶΣɥĲĵز
磬ΧڣòиʲôҡûпǲҶЦ
ν£Ѳ飡
磬ⷽԲǧ֮ڣסİտǲ١ѲѶȣе㡭
еʲôȫɱǣнȫƽڵߣȫλѲ飡
ΣƴۣؽˣҲҪҶЦҳɱնݳ󻼣䷨Уɭпɱ
Ϊȴǲб˼Ĺ֣һʱ棬˫֮մȾѪծˣ
ǵϣȴǲϰݡ
Ծɴɱȥ
䷨УֻһͷһҪҳҶЦɱˣ
Ϊˣ˲ƴۡ
ΪͷôֵУΪʼٸߵȴʼ޶ԡ
϶ѣ
ɱ֮ϧ

磬ǰһ䡭˼Ѿɱ۾
ȥǱ߿䷨ɭɭĿ
ӰԶһɽ֮
һССĴ䣬ǰ飬ɼ𣬳˾ķΧ
ĴΪλƫƧȻҲһЩֱ仯УڴܣЩ޹ء
йΣǾֻ޿κγܵķݡ
ֿµѾʧҲ֮սѾһˣû⵽мڴˣӵˣľĴԼѰʳ׼ӣʳΪ죬Էĵһ¡
ȴ벻ǣνɴܣԶԶûսᣬһ״ʼٸߣɥĹ֣ѾС䣬߷
֮
ӰѾħһ㣬СϿա
ۿĴһľģ̴ȴ͵͵ũ
䷨кڹ˹ȻйΣɱˣѣ
ã
˷ܵĴӦһ
΢΢һȻգȵͳͳɣ
һֻ֣Ȼڰա
ֻ֣޷ħգ˲ʱϿգ漴ɷ˵غݺ
죡
Զһȣң
ЦڿϳˣҶЦЩ˾ĶܶúÿŰɣȻһͣͣħάԭ״ݺȥ
ۼϴ˵һ٣ڷ
ȴһ嫽⣬賸һԶһ
ҶЦѡ
һռ֮ҶЦͱǰһоˣ
ĿԲǧؽ磬Ϊƽأɽɭ֣㶼ˣôĳ򡢴䡭Ҳͳͳ˰Ӱ
Ƭ򣬼ѾѪȾ죬͸
ĿѪɫ
ô޹֮ˣȻ䷨ֵȫɱˣ
һˣµһ֣Ȼ˵ĲֶΣɥĲ񣬼ֱ˷ָ
ҶЦǰһĻֻоǰһڣһͱ˹ȥ
ǰЦЦӣҶЦԼ治ʲôˡǿϣȻҲչȴʲô·ƽ鶼֣ӸǸʲô֮ߡϹϵ
ΣҲ벻䷨Ȼ£ô˵Ҳ۾µһֱǧ䷨Ȼɥ˷ָ飿
˿˼ݵλ棡
ҶЦֻоѪӿһеظ˹ʼ쾹ȻҪ޹֣ҶЦһȻ뻹ǺԶȴһԥҲûУֱӳ֣
Ѿ˵
ɥޣ˵ʲôǷϻ޻˵
䷨ȻڿվۿҶЦһ˿ڳˡظ
ȻˣͲҪ뿪ˣ
ôصˣһʱҲδؿԻָοֻж̶һ룿
ж֫ҩ˫Σгǰս
ҶЦ
ĲݣΪ϶ݣ鲻Ϊ˲ʶݶģע
ɱ
ɱ
ıҶЦĴһ
ǰߣǶ޹İգߣǶ죡
ͬһ㻮ʣһ׾Թ϶󷢶
ȴǵȥĴԭ㱻漫䣬ҶЦĽǴӵ淭𣬳нѹľ޴̣
ҶЦ˴Ѿһ⣬Խʱռơ
էȻĿУһ󽣹⣬Ȼ±
ȻѾ壬ΪȻĽȻ㣡
䣡


567 ޼
ȻڰȻײһۿĳŲҺɢһ˷ȥ
ССɽϿգƺͻȻһܹǳı쫷硣
šһ˺ѿ춯дﵽһ߶ȵľ⣬ˢˢضѣԶƮɳȥ𵴣Сеķݣʱһ롣
ҽСҺ֮
ҶЦѾȻһƣַΧʵ̫㣬Ҳ֮ɹۣĪ˵ҶЦڲִ٣ƴܹһ棬ԾȫסֱȥܣΪɾӵನԾɻᲨڣʱҶЦ˼ʾģҲζܷס
ɾನǵľݣˣˡ
޽𣬻вˣͻȻݵķҸţͱˡ
ЦҶЦԮٶȺܿ찡ϧδ
ҶЦ۾ˡ
䷨죬˾Ȼ˵ɥĲ֮Щƽ£Ȼƽ޹ʵ⵽ɱ֣ҶЦĲ״ɵĶڵѪ
ⶼͨˡ
ȫͨˡƽˡ
ʲôֻ֪ﰲҵƽ͵Ķȹһû˻ṦӲ
ǾֻǺܵĻţֵػš
˶ѣ
ڽ죬ڼԵ޹ʵ⵽ֵɱ
ⲻǸǧ﷽Բؽ磬УѲ֪жȰĴׯ⵽˵¾
صĹƣҲ˵
䷨ֵ£ȴôϢʧˡ
һֱ֪ô¡
֪Ϊʲô֪˭
ƽ񣬲ϣ䷨ĮĿҶЦҶЦΪôҪɱЩͨˣǵ֮УٵĿҸͲмȡ
ҶЦһͻȻ
Ŷ䷨죬еŭ𣬼Ҫȼճɻҽ
ڣȴѾһ仰˵
˵ٶ˵һ仰ҶЦоһ裡
ֻɱ¾
ҶЦںܷŭ𣿻˵ΪԼʥˣΪЩϽΪռνµƸߵ𣿡
쳰˵˵ףЩΪԵʣǸͲЩˡ
㲻أǺɱЩϣɱǣ˵ʲôô¾ǵΨһĿģҪҵ㣬˶ѣ
䷨ϧԼС˰հΣ˼ȴվ˵ЩʴĻ㲻ԼܿЦ𣿲Ӧ޳ܣ
ϲ
ͼܼ򵥣ҶЦղһͲжϳҶЦԼ֣δؿȡ£ȻҶЦ壬βãȻҪʴʣܵķŴҶЦ
䷨ϵǣҶЦȻһûпԡ
һ̡
ҶЦӽǳâ˸ȻһƵ
ҶЦ촽ţɫǼ
ҶЦմ˼䣬ֻܻȥһ䷨˺ʯ콵һռ׹¡Ե䷨ڿоһֻ޴Ѫ
ҶЦɫգۼѾ췢籩һٶལ
ݡ
䷨˵ҶЦҲѾ⡣
ɥļһ϶һ̣Լڷ

ǰҵŭҶЦһ̵Ĺɱ˴˸ȵİâУֳһâɵ̫
Цţúã
էȻһѽõӭ
ҶЦսףȴδܹһмѹԼֻҪԼܹŹһ֣䷨ͿԳƸɵҶЦ־սһ˲Ĳ죬Ծ
Ȼϲǡ
䷨һĴȡ
䷨һΪѾеĸоڵҶЦ֪ô£ǵƾΪ֮ǰоһǴȵľ
˵ǰ׿֮ĿƲ۵ĻʵʵҪʤҶЦһڣֻ¾Ҫˣ
ôһ£䷨ףȴ֪δսۿ۵ҶЦѾǵǶֵĹϵˣ
䷨ѻһ
ڵʯ֮䣬ҶЦ˴Ѿݺݵײһ
ٵ磬ǰδеķ̬Ƽޱ
㡭첻ŵľһŸոһӴĳͶ˺üȱڣӸҵҡΣԷĿ͹öᡣ
˿ΨһĸоֻУԼͺһҶŭ֮Сһ㣬籩ϴʱ㸲Σա


568 
Ϊ䷨Ҳû뵽ʵʵԼҶЦΪʲô쾹ȻôֲԼδ˫Ҳ˹
Ҳмң֪ٵ䷨ӺԮ¹ֽһˡ
һΣȻһ̡
ҶЦһһǳ
ǳһʽҶЦӵǰܷӳǿܣ޵ķʽľ룬ӳȻҶЦƴ
һߵ
ҶЦң䷨ӺδһֻԷ֮ˣɱ֮ǵغɽһƣ˸Ʒһļ
ۼһ޻أԼӱֻø죬ϣټ̣һתΪȫˡ
սȷֻҪܹҶЦеķâ䷨Ԯһսд
ҶЦȴһײȥƾǸ֡
ȫصĴ򷨣Ƕ䷨ûпһ㡣
ҶЦ˼Ѿ¶˾ģԼΪȥ˰ҲҪȽ˵һɵһ
ʱ˿̣ΪۿۣԼֱӴΧ֮䷨Ȼǲѡ
죬ƴҲҪ㣬㲻˭
䡱һޱ
һҺгʱΪ촷ۣѾ̵İǳȥ
ǧٵʹ
һ̣Ĳҽء
ͬʱ䷨ӺĹͬһ㣬Գբɽ֮ȫ޻ٵغҶЦĺģֻǵһҶЦӦһѪڵһʱϤ顣
ûа취飬Ҫһش죬һҪҶЦΪȵľڼǳһʽ֮࣬ȻӦ䣬䷨ȫһУûеѾң
ȻҶЦΣңһ֮ʣ˸һڽɫĴͻȻڱ

䷨ٵȫɽӳ
ö˲ʱ쳹ؼ䣬ǧ֮ڵǣ޲š
ȻҶЦȴҲΪһԵδܾȫ
Զɢ
أԲҺӰ
˿̵죬״ҵ֧ûˣҲѾϹˣϴϺСĲ˽ۣ˵˺ۣ˶ġ
˵ҶЦŭľ춯ؾһ֮£壬ٵ˲һ롣
䷨ۼէ֣ԼٻȻ¹Ȼ֣˿̵ȴѾ죬һ㵽Լֵߡ
죬ô䷨һֵֻ챳󣬽ħԴԴ롣
ҺɱɱһҪɱ
ҶЦЦţֽС֮ĽյУϰţǲûа취ָˣ޵ô޷ġҿţﶼЩ̣µһ֡ţµһֵأǿţ
첻ĲҺţҶЦ㲻ú
䷨ħԪֵһɲǣоѾľˡ
ƣѾزؿݵˣһ仰Ѿ޻Ĵˣ
䷨졢ҶЦȵԪǿߣٳصƣֻҪһϢд棬Ԫûĵޣлָء
쵱ǰ״ȴ֮ͬǰҶЦעĽһֱδ룬Ҳ˾ȥڴ˿ûкתĸԭڣ
˿ٶȳƴҶЦΪҪأǵԼܷСһǳӱ΢֮Уٶһȥͬǽֱӵķʽ֮С
ҪƣҪľǽڵȫ䷨ֵħΪƣȻѾ߾ܵתħҪѹĽһӣȴ޼£ʵϣȻǼ䷨İæҲͼӰЧҲӳڣһҪ䷨ħ
䷨죬ǵһû뵽Ƭ£ȻĹȫԴԸλħԴ֮
ȷ쵱ǰ״䷨ѣתͷŭ𣺡ҶЦ
ҶЦĵҵֵ˵С׼ףȫ޷Ტۡ
棬ɽǵĿһŮԼСӣ޵ȥ
ҶЦ˼ĵͷЩ޹գתע۽ǰ䷨ϣнٴ
ֽӡ
ͷķŭҶЦѾһУ
䷨˵ݣҶЦߣѾ׷ŭγǲݣ
ɥĶħҶЦֻһͷ
ɵǣ


569 
Ϊһ֮ҶЦȫԦԾɻӽӵĻȴѾӦ磬֮ǰˡ
䷨ӰһѾҶЦ࣬šˢһӰչˮк޿ײĹƣư˷һʱ䷨ΧҶЦһ㡣
ҶЦһǳӲӲܣǿңӴСԣ䷨󲿷ֹȫӽ˹ȥԴǳĹ䷨ӦӲϾ
Ͼ䷨Ҳδ״̬ǰűҶЦƣ˾綾նһ첲һֱڣڶ۴״̬
ͻȻսһ¥ҶЦսƣҵǣԷ˫ֵ¶ǳ޼᲻ݣﲻˣ
䷨ҶЦͬϻ޴¿ڣҪʱɣһˣҪǳնҪĥ£ʵ̫ˣ㲻ۻһУȻ֮
ҶЦȴԽսԽ£Ƿ񵽶ŭ֧ѪҺƺһֱȼգȫһܲƴơ
졣
ȴ䷨һײһȴҶЦǳӲƴһǣһǿĳӦҶЦӺƶ߷һ˳ȥ
һ·ƮƮҡҡ治֪ɳȥɣ䷨ɭɭĺһ׷һ࣬ѾεǿҲβ˹
˿̵˴ĵġ
ҶЦίʵֵ˵ĸ󻼣
ǲܲ¹˶ãԼֵ˷Ϊ°ܽˡ
ȥⲣ̲ݻ
Ȼ컹һԼԼֵܹȻΪҶЦ˿϶֮ǴƷҶЦͷδزܾȻԼһ
䷨ҶЦڿ׷׷򣬲Ƭ̣ѾԽǧ֮ң
нֵҶЦڲ֮أղŵʧּʵʶؽ䷨ֵߣ뿪̳ܵȥᾴɽ֮С
Ͼһ۷֮սעҪһ췭ظ
Уǧﲻ
ô޴춯˲˵ע⣬ԶһӰ۵糸Ϲ
ܹô޴ĶԶ׼Ȼλֻ
ʲôĸ֣ܹȽ췭ظأ
ҵĺĶġ
˵Ǿ䡰ĺèԣʵǳϲң
ôս֮ģһǧ߰ٶ֮һҡ
ҡ
ΪŴ֮һȻҲǿ߱ĳ壻Ȼ֮Уû䷨һĳǿߣΪԪƷģкüλġ
ǸڣΪѾ˵ԪƷ߽ףѾ򶥽ǿ֮С
ҪΪ򶥽ǿô׳ɾͣʵϣѩʱҲŲԪƷ߽ףδؾ͸˵ʤλ棡
ӵսңһƬطʵۡ
ԭҶҶңļȣûκεĿɱԡ
ҸҽЩҲڷأż⣬ԽԽƴȻиһͷ
һա
Ҹλһ𣬸ǰ췢ԣÿ˶ɫ
֪Խ࣬ͻԽԼС
ĳҸˡ
治֪Ǻηǿڴ˾սȻԲǧֱӸˣҿǾսĲûнһţֻҲҪǳ֮ꡣλϵģǸҼԪ죬һҡ
ǰ̫ˡһλĨһ亹·ƬҲǧһսٳȥܴҪһˡ
ǸӣɾĲ롣һλ˿֮ǰȴǴû˵ֻһ֮սȻܹɽݣ˺ѣҲΪ֮Ǻ¡¡ĺ죬Ǹżǧľ룬ȻҲΪ֮𶯡
ΪǾ֮սƣǹ¡һϵȻ˶վڡ
֮˸壬ǵңϼڡ
λѾʮ겻£벻һξȻ
ֻɫݣƤͷͬһһ㣬Ρ
ȴĵ˵ͷͬһϣڳˣڣһ̷׷ײźۼظıԼλá
ڳһ̣Ǹ߸ϣ޿ɵĺģ
ÿ˵֮У͸¶Ե𾴡
֮սü¶һ˿˴۷־սԶɽֱӽԶɽǧɽȫ𡭡ҲڲԶڵءһֱۣӽɽ򱬣ֱӴ׵Ĵ


570 ȥΧ
˶һ
УΧ쵶һۣγǴʧɫ޹⡭
֮󣬴Ҷ֪ģ׷ɱЦҶЦһ·죬ս·;ϣаң޲űջȫȻðͷΨǻ
ڸһֻǡԵǰжϣ⼸򾭵սۣԾԶԶȲǰһڴսѾһ䡭ĺ󣬾ʲôӵľܣܹơ֪λ֮䣬ʲôޣȻ˻ƴҪȥһϧǸսͲϷԹӵġ
Լ˵ڳΪȻ̽ӹڸ߶˵ǿߣ鷳Ѱ·˵һص㣬ȴҲǴΪ⡣
Ȼƴ˫Ѿߵ˸ʤԼļ˫Ǵ˵еĳǿߣܹĴܣԼ֪ԼҲ֪ԷֳʤҲͰˡôಫġ
Ĵܣֳʤ߲̫ѡ˵Ҫֳȴʵ̫ˡ
ս˫֮һܹһγɾԵʵѹƣҪɱԷԾҪ൱Ĵۣ
Ͼ˫ͬһƻǽһ֮ǰƱػչ˵ķɣһƺܲһ÷ȬΪ˺;γԿԽϰ
ǰһսλ֮֮սóֵľսȻķˣ
ü𣻡Ԫ죬ֵһ£λ⸽սս˭ʤ˭šҪΪ̫ߵ˸飬Ҫ鷳
ǡԪ칧شӦһ
һԿ϶΢΢̾һӵˣ˭ʤ˭һˣΪ֮𶯡
ڴ򲻿˿Ĵ⣬Ϸ²⣬εսս˫ǵ򳬽״ܡҺܿѾӽ֮ĲΡҪߡɫǡ
ȻôߵĲΡٶȴһ
Ȼڳ˶֪ⳡսս˫ʵǿȴҲû뵽ǿز
ǿߣһָ𣿣
ҲԼղΪ˵ɳʵҪ̫ߣʵ֮ˣóȻս˫֮˵Ϣս֪֮ˣΪʲô㣬ֻ֮⣬γصĺ
Ԫ쵱ǰȥ顣
Ȼ´ʱ򡪡
䣡
ȻоµĴȫ׵һ¡
ڳ˾ǸҸ߲㣬һҲв׵ΪȻ֪𶯣Ϊ˵ɫһӶˡ
𶯣̫ˡ
漴¡¡֮Խҡ
У𣬵ﲻƺĩͻȻ١
žžž
ڲ輸ϼֻ豭ϵ𶯣һˮ硣
֮࣬׷վһĺûͷӬ֪롣
ִˣս˫ǰˣ
ɫأɵÿЦһԭǰһսȻûдꡭѵϢһ᣿ȻֿʼŴ𣡣
˶Լжֱˡ
򳬽״ܵĲΣ˵ԪòԵĴȥܲڣˣϢһٽŴɣ
Ȼһָ̣оƵĲͬ
һε𵴣ǵǰһ಻ϣǰһ𵴻ûȫֹЪһ𵴾Ѿ־ңϵٴΡǧΡ
˴ˣҪˡ̾˿
˾һȴҲЩܣ׷Ÿ塣
ľ֮սȥԹƬֻ̣һۣԼΪҲ޷Ƶ棬˵òδؿ
ԵѵãΪڵԪƷϵģԶԶԹһ£һҪע⣬ǧҪԷˡˣǸҸǲ𣬻ԵδزǻĸԴ˼һ£˵
λս֮Уд־ֻб˴ˣԼֻȥԶԶĿӦû°ɣ
Ϊ˸ҽķչʢܹΪðգֵġ
ԾԴϲһվһĸȥ
ԶԶؾͿ죬һڿ¡¡ԲȺɽҲ֮ĴʯͷǱ𶯣ɽϺХų
һ̣𣬱죡
˼״סࡣ
⡭⻹ս
ȷͷ˵еħڰư֮УĹ
ø΢һǣһ·ܿˣ˷ǸϹȥԼһֺ̬˻治١
νڣλܶڱΧ۷УҲڻͬʱô˰ɣ
ԾСǰš
ھĵҲͲľˡ
ͻȻɫһ䣬СˣעΡ


571 ս˫
ܹˣ˵ҲǷ֮һ֮£Ҳ׷׸оܲӿƣȻƶһԼһƶٶѸס
սַתƣ˵ɫһɷס
ƵƶٶȣٹͣɾҪȥҵĵˡ
·ǧĴɭ֡
ɭ֮⣬ǸҵĴӪڵأĴ˸ҵϿգôҾӲΪһƬˡ
һ֮ǰĴ壬һ𣿣
Ըǡɫء
ȻǵԪƷ߽ǿߣ򶥽ǿ֮Уⳡٵҵ֣֮콵˻޿κΣΪ֣Ҳֻѣ
˶ѣ
䣡
ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀţţ˲Ҫ潵٣Ȼ˿̣ںʵƲ֮УһƺŨĽȻٲһҲƣ˲ʱһնϣһҲһȻ⣬뵵Ȼӭϣ
һһÿһٰɳôڿкݺݶײһ
䡱һ죬ƵʱɢɢƮɣԹսֱоԼ࣬Ҳ֮һ£ֱĿɿڴſڽ࣬ڸ
ĹԼϣҲϣֻǿŲš
һĭȥ
һӰɳصľƣн˸ɽâһȻһȦȦɱȫɽâγɵĴɽȻ¡
ڽâɽµͬʱһӰͬķһֽâ˸ƴǳһĽâӿ𣬶һֻ֮Уȴ֪ʲôֻнӯ
һһӰʹŸԵܣݺײһ
ݡ
Ӱű˴˳ķŸ߿׷ɶ𣬶ӰŷƮȥɣģԼڿУƺһѪɫ
Ҳ֪ǰӰǺӰŻ졣
˸ǣӰ˿ķȴԼָӽһЩ
ǵӰϳ׷֮ʣͻȻбһӰ͵سͬŨĺɫŰӰ
ڵĽȻ˸֮ͬУݺն
Ӱ䴦ĺ֮Уְɫâַâšһ죬һббɳȥһͳĺӰԸǱƮɣһҺ
ֻ඼ڲ
˵ӣǼɳۿ
㼶սߵĲΣȻ˼йһˣ
ȲεľܣȻֶԸһˣ
⡭ʵȻǳ׵׵ĵ߸˵֪
ӰһתӯеĽɫ¾ȻֱͶķʽ˳ȥڰУҫĿⶸȻǴ󣬽ȻԻӺա
һܹǽɫ¾Ȼһڴӣ
ɫӼתţռɶȥһƴڸ߿֮ϵĺԷ佫ڴȴӭͷϵ̬ƣײ
ͬʱǰ˿Цһ䷨ҿһӣ
һӣ
ǳ鴤
ô˵ġ
򶥼ܣҲ˵ô
̹鸹̣ô𾪵ͷƤģǰ˿нгǸ֡
䷨
ϵµһ䷨
սģȻλ˵еĴ
ֲûȾ춯صơ
ʢ֮¹Ȼʿ
֪ǲսһ䷨֮𺳹𺳣ҷ벻ͨˣȻµһ䷨ô˵ʱ򣬻Ҫ֣
һ⣬˭
µһ䷨ȻҲʰ£
ҪֶԸ
еǷ𾪵ѾȥԸӵĵزµһ䷨ҪֲӦĽɫǰ̬ƣ뻹δܹʰ˵Ľɫʲôˣ
Ҽֱ붼롣
ǵʲôΣʲô߶ȣʲôλã
ʲôʱֳôһλ춯صĴ֣
ɻ󣬲ûд̫ã͵õ˽
һ
䷨ǿڴӺ޻ٵײһһͺǾ֮ϵɣͻȻĺĳӣǿڴӾȻûб飬ֻ˲ʱתŵ˻ȥǰһ̽ͽ֮׾ٵץУʧ
λµ䷨ȴΪһƴһα˳ȥڰУХһɭɭ˵ҶЦƾһЦͲ˱գ
ХһӰͻȻڿлûʮӰ˷չΧʽ
һӰҲڴ˿̴һҶЦڣɣ
δ䣬Ȼس
ҶЦ
Ц
ЦҶЦ
ǼԻˣǧ٣˵ķӦһľ


572 նɱ
ôܣ
ôܻЦҶЦ
ڸµһ䷨սģȻλ˵ѾЦҶЦ

ЦҶЦΪŸͲǣˣҲòҶЦһ䷨Ҫһ˲γƺ֮ƵĴܣܹǵ˵ģ
˿̣ȴûɰ˵ݣ
ȻЦ˶ͬ飬ǣڶԴ˵Ǹݵ䷨һˣ
˻߿ϴˣǣ۾µһֱǧ֮õ䷨ôϴˣ
޷
䷨Хһ˲ʱ˺תһݺύĴ֣˷ϵ£ӡ
Ī⣬ǧ
İͬХһ͵һֻôһ֮ʣУȴѾԽǧɽˮߣһš
һĺ˻ģЦӢۣ
ЦҶЦӼתţһϬâ壬ɢɣѵһֻգգ۾ĹȻγһصĽɽ
ȻֵĽɽǿƶ䷨޷
ͬʱټӯǿصĴٶ٣ͻֵĽֱʮɴСŽ٣ЦİӰˡ
䡭
ҶЦ޳ܣ䷨ŭһƬ֮лһƺߡ
ӰƬ֮УȻ֣һһ㼲һӰЦ㻹Ƥ˵޳ܡ֣죬ҪλҸգ
ӰһƿԽʱռľ룬һȥһӰ֮ǰǿâһ˲䣬ڹսУվȻȫʧˡ
ȡ֮ģǳ
ǵģǳ
ҹɫīǳ죡
ǹƺڼתţڽӳţмλü߼ѹţ
ҶЦýǿи뿪䷨ǳ˼йԼնƣʹչ˷Ϭ˵ķɣ
ƾͼƣ˵ǰޱ޾Ľâ֮У
⣬ɴ۾ֵؿһĻݡ
ֻУ貵ǹ⣬ǺӰװΧһɹɵļ𵴣ϵĴȥ
һߣ䷨ԣƴһͳ壬ǣǿڴȴһνһεײһһεĵסȥ·䷨Ǹɵûޡ
ҽŵüס˺
Ȼǹ֮еǸʲôȫĵȴֻ˵νĵ
ŵȴʱ䣬ܳá
һĲҽŴǹзһҽУֱҵ˼㡣
һ̣ʵĺ˲ʱһƬ
Ҳ֮һķ
յҲһӼ֮һ
ǹ֮ɢһϮ¡һڰ֮Уԭѩİ棬ѾȾ˵ɫѩѪ
ڵжһ䷨֮һλˣȻ
׵ʧˣ
Ƭ֮䣬Ҳûκһۼ
һĻ˶ǸоԼķ·صĴһ
ˡ
ˡ
ȻҶ֪˾ݣҲ֪˵ʵ䷨ЦҶЦսˣɵӣܲףʸ䷨ֳսˣߣ
˵ģ͵ֻյĵԪȻ֮һ磬Ҳ֮һһеļ˵˹ﾹͬһģ
򳬽ּĳܣ
ĳܣҪںµһ䷨ֵ£ЦҶЦˣһ˿ۼ˼䣬ٲ
˶һĻʵֳһִľ״̬
Ц
λڴ˵УǰѾɢѹʴ棬Ԥ֮⣬ճ״棻һ֣ǵһµһֺһͬܵΧ
Ǵ㲻״ԾǿƳһظɵһ
ʵ˵ЦҶЦǵ£ϵĵһ
һˣ
䷨ĵλѾѾЦҶЦȡ֮ˣ
ֵܰ䷨һУ˵Աʹ˫̥ܵܵħħ䷨Ծʹ飻ȻǿϲŭɫɽһȻڳ֮£䷨Ծɳܲס
ԭֵˣҲ𣿡ҶЦŷһ䷨ôһ䣬һɱüˣЩ˵ļˣȴΣǵıʹǷҪ򱶣ʮ㵱أ


573 ䷨
ҶЦ䷨㲻죡䷨״һѡ
Ц˵ʵ̫ˣһЦ˵̫ʧȥ壬ѵ˵ҲɱܵܣҺദˣһ㶼Цˣ
ҶЦ澡Ǽڽ˵
䷨سͷͬˮһƮҡһɿǰֵĺжȻ֮ǰϵһֱԾδļ䶯һ̣һֱ۾Ȼƾ˳
ֻǣֱƤǺɫģ
ħ󷨣
µħ󷨣
䷨һֱ˵ķָƣΪħ󷨹ȻӵõЧָ塭ȴǺɫģԼ壬˵壬ƥ䡣
Լ֫嶼ǰģΨһֱȴīģʲô
һˣǺҪӣԼвһ棡
ڴʱ˿̣䷨ȴҲû˼ˣ
Ī˵ΪֻܱܵԼҲҪ㸲Ц֣֮
ѡѡħ󷨣ҡ
䷨ǰδеķʽĴ֫ƣȫתħ󷨵״̬֮£ǰΪȾͻԭ弫ޣǵѾûʱ۷Ϊڽڽ
䡱һ
ҶЦ˴Žӣһ·ͷʽĳȥǧɣûȫȶӡ
ʵ䷨һҶЦһͷҶЦ콻ֵһƬռ䣬ӼеĴϣԿԼֵܵ塭
ֻҪЩ֫ϱۣͿħΪħֻأ˲֮תΪħ֮ܺùҷ𣬲
ǡӭģֻڿŵŨŨѪζ
Լһһεһ΢΢ϸѪ⣡
죬ҶЦ޵һ֮£壬Ѿ촷ĩһѪ⣬ȻҲ״С
һƬռ֮вƮѹһĩ䷨ҲʱоһĲ
ȻԾѰħԴ
ʱ˿̣ҶЦǿɨ֮£첻ʶҲѾȫʧˡ
ϵģȫ
䷨Ȼ̧ͷɫӣһ̾ҲֳѪ졭
ҶЦúݣĺúݣ䷨ҧָ߿쫷ҷ裬ƺΪԼĵܵС
Һֵǰ䵽һݡ֡ҶЦĮ˵һϴڵˣôˣʧˣ˵һ£ңǺ°ɣ
ҶЦĿǲ̵Ķ䷨һһ˵䷨ôֵ˹䷨һ֣Щʲô飬εŪԼ֪ܵʧˣֻԼһˣһ䷨ˣȴ֪ʵ᲻еį
䷨ҧгݣΣ
į
䷨һ֣͸оһĪ⡣
ˣԼֵΪһֱ򣬸ӳⷽ٣Ī޴ӣ񡭡ܵûˡ
һ᲻į
ҶЦ˵һ᲻į
䷨еĺޣѾҪ
еħǣ֮ħ֮ͻƣ
㻹ĻеįҾٶһ£ֵȥžۣ³˫ҶЦĮЦЦǳٶ˸䷨ȥܵܣֵܹ߾Ȫ񲻿գ
嫽˲ʱأɱ御
䷨״һͻըһΣǲúޱ˵ķʽҶЦ񶾵Ľ
ħ
˿̵䷨ѾΪħ󣬳ʧȥǡ
ħ䷨սɣԭ˿̵䷨ѾˣħΪħԴħħħģħħ
ʧȥΨһѪֵܵ䷨ްģֻһͷħ
˼ʣһͷΪڵħ
ȴޱǳէչ漴㻯ǻԷɢֻһ죬ȴǸողŽƵҶЦȻֱ˽תȫֱעڽ֮ϣӻΪɴСľӣͷ
ǿǿϣۺӳһһڶô򵥣˶ħӵȻѹƵЧ֮⣬ΪӵԣлΪһ
ҶЦӣĻӶֻķӲ˽ӣȻΪƼȹأʵҴһ
Ͼһ״Щι̡һһˡӣȴһġ
ò˵ҶЦ뷨Щ̫СˣǽǽӣҪλ𻵣ǾԲܵ顣
ֿҵõͳа۵ñȥ


574 
񹦲ǹŽһ񹦣ҲǳԽλ漫޵鱦ǿǿ֮£ȻҴ򣬵Ŀסȫħ䷨
Ѿ䷨ȫħΣʵΣҹ죬װѣѹ㣡
ȻҶЦ֮ǰǷȴȻ󲨡͵͵Թ۵ˣĪ
ղȥǸˣ䷨ĵܵܣ
䷨ȻһܵܣΪȻҲôߣ
У˹һ֣
ȻĻǾ䣬εŪԼ֪
˲Ҫ˵ֻһ仰ۺĹ䷨񻰴˵ȻȻ֪⣬˲Щν䷨˵྿ôһ£
˵ĿⶼʶĹ
κҲԸⱻŪȻʵȺϵһˣ
޿ƥеǿʵһ£޼ɵŪҵȴһ£
ȫȫ£ܻΪһ̸
䵱¸߿֮ϣλһµЦźСɽһ޴Ľɫӣ䷨չҵĿ͹ݣһ
ż䷨䵽һϣ˴˳ؾ֮˲١

ҵڳ˶Ĥˡ
ķΧڴпȴӦģⱾʵɴܰ
֪ΪҶЦ࣬ΪǰӾй̫
Ŀһһ׵Ľ֮У䷨ƣɭֲȻħЦ˰ʤѩнȻݣôô˼ʶľͽ䷨аһ
ڹս֮˸óһжϡ͵ǰƿνһҲôֵֶκβ˼ЦڣֱӾǱѹŴ򰡣ǵʩ䣬ȻʢˣʹħⱣ
к죬սԻ𱬣˲ɭĿѣԵĿⳡ֮ս
ڣš䡱һ졭
䷨ҶЦ˫˫ˣҶЦֻоԼҪбըһ㣬ӸղһʼڣȻأڵתȴԽȺ嫡
䷨Ϊȫħ٣ħ࣬ȴҲ˴̼񹦵ķƣγת״̬̲صĽڵܣһĻ⣬תȻתҶЦĵ֮У翪˹һ㣬ϵӴ
⣬޾ռɫɽХ֮ҶЦľ֮С
ܹһйԣûΪǿưڹ;ʧЧһս֮УҶЦƣֱӾѹԵġ
䷨ڳ񹥻һʱ֮֮ħģתãԭһת԰ףƽμ٣˳֮£ҶЦͲ·ĹȻǡ
һʼʱ䷨ҶЦӲƴҶЦӲƴӲƴԾɲԽΪܣԷƵĲԣ׶οƴû𱬣ʵȴ䷨ҶЦأȻ񹦵ĳڵṩ˽֧Ԯ֮ҶЦ޹˼ɡ
չ˴˾ȫ޹˼ɵӲӲƴٵڡҶЦŽӣռƣ׷䷨Ӳƴ䷨ȴǱܶܵľͶܣʵڶܲˣӲƴһ¡
ӣԶ׼
˶ľ棬Ŀɿڴſڽ࡭ҲУ
˻ּɣĿϾ˭ҲԸŪԼ£һһͲļһռţ
ֻеЦХţ˶ĽӣͷûͷûԵĺݺ
䣡
䷨ӲƴԱɳ֮⣬ҶЦӰΣӹâɣһ
䣡
䷨һοɣŤ֮µȦš
䣡
Ⱪʢٶ䷨䷨ûκ֮£ֻٶӲƴȻֱɡ
䣡
䣡

ڣ䷨һһͷһںɫѪҺһҶЦšһڵġ
ҶЦŽЦھڣα˷ʱȣҺڲڣ򵥵ѡκҲѡ
䷨һֱǸһԶɶݶȥ
һ棬µһ֣һΪֶԸ˵ǰ£ǱɱһԼƴСĶӣ
˵Ŀͬʱֱ
⡭
ϵĵһֲϣƴУ˾һд°ˣôˣǸһ֣ߣʵʵ̫֪̫ۣ̫񻰴˵˰ɣ
̫Ƹ̫Ƹ˰ɣ
ҿսУ̲סһ
֪ɧйֻǸп
䷨ԶȻһ͵ŤͷעעߡͻȻĳ˭͵˫ơ䡱һһƬһƬϮ


575 Ķ
ս˿̣䷨Ѿ֪Լʤãһû֮գҪʹˣӱʮ겻ȴû뵽Ȼڹս
Ȼڴ˹սһ۵ʾͱˣ´ȥԼɨء䷨۾µһֱǫ̂꣬
ڣΨһ뷨ҲΨһѡ
δǹƣѾﳹ֣
䷨ҶЦû취ΪҶЦ屾䷨нȱ̬װ˫ѹս֮׿ҶЦĻ򣬳Ϊ֮ͬ⣬ҳһ԰Ȼ䷨ȫһƵĽɫѰģ
һİɱһƣڳңжһƬ
սģȻǷ֮ʶ΢֪β֪ԼЩ˼Ҳ϶ϽӲ䷨һ֮а
ĿֲڳȻǺоһ֮£Ҳ
Ȼǧһ֮ʡ
䷨ңҶЦһȣֶ׾Թ϶һտԽǧɿռ䣬ݺݵ䷨䡣
䷨ִҪǰȺˣ͵óһڵ״̬һľδظɵˣϼȻһãҲ͵սȫ
䷨¿ŭȴ޿κΣȨ֮£ֻջһѾתȫӭϮӣ

һȻ졣
ۣ䷨³һѪһһӰһһ֮Уʹʧ
䷨ȻϣתӲƴӣԲ㺳࣬Ҫϼ˵Ĵۣ˿̵֪ǲϽݵģֻ¾ҲûжߵĻˣ
ֻһ̣ѾԶؿλϵµһ֣ɫܲõ˵׵ĲҰ֮ɫ˿ѪɫǰǾ޵Ѫί֮ȻѾ˼صŲЩˡ
Щ˸ؿ䷨еĨŭвġ
֮ʲôûֱӾôʧӰ
ҲмңҲס䷨ߣ¼ʵǵӰϾٶԼ˳ˡ
ǰһԾɽƬȫ𡭡
ڹΧ֮ڵĴ׵Ļҷ𡭡
ڴвˣǺֿ䷨һСܣϰ˿ѪɫɷףȻѾ˼ص
Ҳҿڳ˾ˢӣҸжԪƷߣܽ˶δ
λڴ˴սֻһȻôͬʱˣܣɾɲ
мڴˣ˿Цɫӵĸɽֹ
ƸЦȻЦӢ۰

תŴԶɻأҶЦеʱѾ˰ƴСһһ㣬漴ԭͣ漴ȴʧӰ١
ҶЦӻһ£һ
ǰһۣڽˡ
ԼԼȻӮˣӮϵĵһˣµһ䷨
ҶЦȻսʤ䷨䷨޵е֪ʵ̫ģΪ˵ҶЦʣ䷨Ӷݵһ̣ҶЦȫ䱸֮ǰȻռϷ磬ȴʼձһֱ䷨ͻʩչʲôУתƣȴʼҲûе
ԭսʤνµһ֣Ҳûô̫డòûô
һˣһиžǿһһѪҶЦʱоҪ˺һ㣬ڸղսУֲһеһֱ֧һеĹ֧ˣǰ۽һʱ仹ʲôȻˣҲסսС
˴˿̣սһ䣬ɣµʹʱȫ汬ҶЦһսУûг̫޴ⴴ޾ռԼڵάϵϢҶЦֻ¾Ҫܲסˡ
ҶЦǲ뽫䷨£ֱӸɵίʵġ
ҶЦռϷ磬ʵȴ̫࣬Ӳս䷨ڵΪ֮ҶЦҪǿһϣ䷨ΪԳħתΪȫħ֮ħȾҶЦѾнףͲζۣҪѷһ
ֻ䷨ξҶЦҲбףȻΪһȴǸ䷨Ĺȫħ֮󣬱㳹Ϊ񹦿ơ


576 µĴ
޾ռ䡢ڵṩԴԴнӺǳʤôۣ֮У֮ڡ
䷨ĵţҶЦҪֱӸԾ޷ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ䷨Ķӣ
ǣ֮󡭡䷨´ټ֮գһҪɱ㣬һΣҪʵ㣬ɱ㣬㣡ҶЦȫĮĵ֣صһŵԡ
䷨ɱ޹ΪҶЦеıŭ
Ҳǰİʯ
Ѿҵ̤ʯ
ʣ±һ߿ˣ
ҶЦ˵š
Ȼ佫
ңУһԿޱȵĿԼ͸¶ųʥһЩˡ
ǵģǳʥܹһ˵ˣȻµһˣ
Ǽ֤ո´˵ĵ
˳ڴĿ֮£ֻһʤѩ¡׺еЦڸ߿дƮƮȻ¡
ǷǣҲ˵ĳʡǾɡ
һ̣ٷ
ˣһҪͷĤݵĳ嶯
߾٣
ȻǰЦɫЩ԰ףǣЩ΢ѪദȾ÷׺£ս֮ĺۼ
ǡ
˶ԴˣǵûиоԾĵطȻ
һս߳ǿߣ񲻱Ӧˡ
οЦղŵĶ֣µһ䷨˵ֽλ޵и֣ЦǿƳ֣սʤ֮
֣һһӣսʤ
˼ЦϵЩ΢˺ۣ˺ۣҫĻ£
ǧ䷨۾һֱ˸۹֮
Ҫ˵
ڣЦ񻰣ǵµĴ˵
̣࣬
ͬģͬˣ֪ʷոһҳѾԼǰ
ԼЩ֤ʷˣָǺεҫ
˵ģ˵Ժ෹󣬸δ˵Ƕ޿ȡĻ⣡
Ⱳӣ㹻ˣ
һ뵽һ㣬жڲ
һĪ˷ܣ
һ̣ѩڴ˵ĻȻĽʷ߿ĴʴʣԺ˭Ҫ˵װƣһ˺˵죬ǵʲôЦϴǸмңƵݼҡҶһܵģ

ҶЦһս£
ҵȲμЦˣҹսһָ֣˷ͬʱ㼯
һƬУ䷨ǸողһƬյ֮УµߣԼ𾴣
ֳһǧˣһˣӵеԪƷϵΪÿ˶ǹ
ивˣɫɷףУ¶εľ֡
֪ЦôԴǣ
ҲкܶˣڵԵʻ֮ҶЦģиɻЦҶЦǰλЦظӡеЦһʡҲͬòȻȫͬ
⡭
һ̣ÿһ˾ͶԼĽͣЦȻ˶컯ͻƣɱ䣬϶òȻòȻҪõķ£Ϊ
㷵ϻͯЦȾǿ˵Ӧ֮⣬Сһ׮ֵһᡣ
ò˵Ц˴˿̵òӢ


λˡ֮⣬ʳ¯ոճΪ½µһֵЦˣ˵̬ȾȻºͣӺͰס
ֻһʺ򣬾ò˸жò
ԭ䷨۾µһֱʱ򣬺ô˵
ѵǴ˵еƽ׽ˣ޼ӣ
桭ҶЦĿһ΢Ц˼侹ȻвѶڰľǮǲ־һڻǵѽ
ҶЦ㵽ģǵй֮ԵļˣֻҶЦЩ˵ûʲô飬ҲͲǼͷƼˮѡ
˿̱ҶЦȴͷһᣬЩˣЦˣǵǡ
һ̣еһݸжֱɽХӵֺƻƺӷģ಻ӿֻоֻΪһʺ򣬾ǼΪЦҲ޷ˡ
Աߣ˷׷׳Ľʵ⼸ˣǷĽʺޣü˸ӵĸоԼĹͷ˼Ｘ
⼸쵰ȻܹЦҲס֡
ĽĿУֻоԼһ֮Уû⣡
ҶѡôܲǵáҶЦ仰ʱֱֳһȫ¸߶ȡ
Ц˸ղ˵ѡ
ѣ
ѣ
鼤Щÿ޳
֡ʿΪ֪飬Ũˡ


577 ƽ׽
ؾô˶ˣҶЦüͷеǸղ䷨ߵһ£
˵˶ӯĵͷ
Ц˹ˡʱо˿Ҳôˡ
ЩҩһġȻһٶʮ߸ˡҶЦһ£ӿռֱָȡһֻƿ˵־СӿЩҩһһŷȥЩص鵤ûˣ
ЦȹĹУƽ׽˿ЦĿʵԵҩٶʱڳ޲ܹػܳ
Ц̫ˡ
־˳Цˣģ¶԰׵
λ־Ц㵽Լ֣Լ£ǼֱһֻʶƵĸоһ̣ϵǿڹķ⡣
ⲻ֪ҶЦΪżס֣˵֣ҶЦûмסܽгϣѾǼļ¡
ɴ˿ɼˣδҪ³ó󣻵ؼǣҪص㡣
ǳһԼԴҪӣҲص㰡
־ӹƿʱ㿪ʼһһⷢҩ
һƿڣһɺˮҲƵڶ𣬲Ƭ̣Ƭ֣һķΧСŵζˣ޲оһĿ
Ϊһ˵־ʱסˡ
ڳҲȫסˡ
ڳ˾һ֣ÿһ˶Ǽʶ֮ˣȻȷַ鵤ʲôȴµˣȻҪǵȼ񵤣
־Ŀֱⷢƿԥ˰죬תС˵ˡ⣬ǲôˣ
ҶЦ΢Цûôлۣ㹻ҷģǴ£ҩʲôģ󣡡
ǡЩǴ˵еĵ񵤰Ѿδ˼ˣһӸôš־촽ڶ£ȻֵòԼĶһ̣ΪִߵȻʹûڳ鴤
ǰˣⵤʵ̫ˣջȥɡ۰Ͱ͵ĿƿҩǵȻᣬȴίʵֵ˷ع屦ˡ
ҶЦһ֣˵ﻰϽˣǾ仰ٹصĵҩҲﾡáͳЩҩѵһҪջ𡭡
ҶЦ϶ûжôܼңͳΪ׳룬У˵Щص鵤ûˡһ䣬¡
ƵҩֶԽԽ죬ǿɵһǧŵ񵤣ҲδػһŵĲдƷǰЩ񵤣󲿷ֶں½ʱЩ鵤
ҶЦ˵Щҩļ֮ˣȻԾǸߵףĪ˵ֱδţʵҩЧҲУҪ˵ҶЦУûɶ˵ģҶЦûе鵤ʣµģȫǵ񵤣
ԴӳҶЦԵǻõ̫̫ĵر鵤ӯ࣬Щ鵤ʵڿۣȻòɷãóġ
˸мĿ£ÿ˵˶һţ˶ǻЩ
񵤣
Ǵ˵еĵ񵤰
һӣûм򣬶Ѿ֪궼ûмĴ˵񵤣񵤣
񣬾Ȼ
оȷʵ̫ȴ̫ʵˣ
ЩˣһĶûмʱãȡƿС֮ķ˽ȥȻ䱦ķŽ˿ռָ档
ܵˣҪ˷
һҲͺˡˣǿɾûˡ
˵ˣɲͨϵĵ񵤣Цĵ񵤣ͬһ㣿
˶ˣԺҼҵĴ֮ˣ
ڳЩû˵ˣһĹЩڽܵ񵤵˶жĽʻкޣ쵰ôĺãֻôСˣ˾ʹ
ôģ˵զûء
ҵΪΪɶôأզûأ
ˣ䷨ղųʱΪʲôһأҪǲһ£ôڵĵ񵤣Ҳҵһţ
ȻĽʺޣȴûһͷ
Ǿʹĵ񵤣˭Цһǿߣ
񵤹ȻǺööҲҪȥðɣ
䷨һ㼶ĴΧ³Ҳһһӣ
ʵȻǰۼ֤
žٶ೤һıӵҲ򲻸ð󲻻䶯ġ


578 һȥ
һƿҩܿ꣬ҶЦûرĵмˣҲûⵤ񵤵ֻô²࣬ߵȻԿɶîǺϣԡƿ滹ʣ񵤡
־߻ˣȺȷһţѾϣʣµ񵤡ջȥ
ҶЦһۣȫػӻ֣ҲˣУҶЦôСˣŵҩֵͻôϰ죬ŵҩԼ°ɡ
⡭ôܵ𡭡־ĳȣ촽£Իأʶƴǵ
ŰɡҶЦ̾һʶֻҲûʣµļˡ£֮áڽɼ粨ն񰡡⼸ŵҩнټһգ
־ϽἸл˺⡣
С״ؽƿаģЦ˵Ҳֻһ֮ն˿أ־ôǰӣǾӡ
ʿΪ֪
Ժʱ׼Ϊƴˣ
ڳ˾һĻͷͬһĪĸж
ЦѾȥ˸λ۶κˣκֻҪһһĶ㹻ˣ
ĵͷ֮һ֮Եѣ壬ЦΪֵȻʵϢӢԲ׹
˲ڽĴ˵ɼƷ
Ծ֮ٶɺ쳾ѾչڵԾƽ׽ˣǸû촫˵䷨ȫһ¡䷨񰡡
ΨЦ
ΪֵܣһŭšϧҲҪ
Ѫģ£
۷壬ѣƽףһ⣬µһķȣ
ʽѵʱ
ˣʯɷ壬μˡ
ˣ֮μˡ

ҶЦһһЦͷ˿ư顣
ˣ˲Զϯ壬μˡڹվ˳֮УݵλΪһȡ
ҶЦǰڱǰͷǰҽܣ˵ʲôл˸ҵ֮ƣ
ЦУһϼͷˡɶ˲ģ˾ˣһʹң
Ȼʲô֣֮ûôȴʲô˵ʲô˼Ц㽫ڷ̳Ū
мڣԸȫֻʵʵŶӵţһҲԼǸںţôԸԴˡ
ֱֵǰʱ򣬲̤ǰ
ҡҶЦĿͶע΢ЦŴҲǾˡϼһֽټ壬ңұ䷶
̧ˡʵʵ˵ھǰңʵڲֵһᡣ
ҶЦͷ룬˵Ҽǵãؽ־ϼ岢Զɣ
µʱһϲȴЩڰûʧ˵ǣǵģ˵ؾңֻǧ·;֪֪Ǹҡûҡˡ
һǧһҪ˵ϾҶЦλ½һȥ˸ңڸܹȿڲ裬ԶٷĻҵױȵ棡
ҿΪһԵ⼸֮ϣ
µһֵѺü壡
Ǻεٳ飿
ҲھصҶЦ˵û˸Ҳԣ
ҶЦû˵ȥ߲ȥʱЩ˾ȰҲǲȰġ
ңҶЦ˼ЦӯӯͰף˭֪ʲôʱһʹ죬Ƹǰ£
ڵҶЦսʤ䷨֮УѾɾλ

Ψһ
ҶЦԳƬ̣΢ЦҴ˴δս֮󣬾ҲеЩƣۡûеطţһ¡ҾԼȴѩ̿
ϲüңò˿פңҸһ󲻵ٳ裡
ҶЦšһתͷˣλԵûĻǺηһȥ֣ԸҪͣұ㶼ȥ߶һһ𣬽ҵľƽѺȸ׳죬øҴһʲƣ˵˵ô
Ц˷˻˭˵ȥ˭ҵã
Ǿ飬ҲҪһߵģ
οûô˵ˣҪȥȾƣһǴһ١˵׼ҪһȾƣ
⡭ǼӶԵ
ǼˣҲҪȥİ
ⱲӣҲôһλԵܹµһϹϵĻᣡ


579 ֯
˵ʵ̫ˣǴͬȥͬȥ
ұҽѺùϵ˴˱㣬ллҼʢ飡
Ǿǣ˾˵ӣݺݵƷһʣҿɿȥ
һ˺ȸʹ죡
ȻξƲմȥҲҪžˣһ
ȻȾƾ͹գҲҪȣ
紵սޣ˵Ⱦ˭˭
߹ϣȴƣƿ
첻飬಻顭
Ʒ֪ǧ٣˭Ҫٺȹһǧģô˼߳Ҵţ

Ҳÿǰҵ˵ЦţĻϲ֣ллл˲лίʵǸǸӣĪ˵ƷһʣǰѸҺƲˣҲԴﾡΪȡ룬
һ˵ţһǰ·˵˵ЦЦȴҶЦߣθں棬ÿ˶⣬βסĵ׵˷ܡ
弴̴Ҹ֣ˢһ˳ȥóһٶȣѸ缲һбȥ
һҪȫ׼
þƺòˣκһ©У
ﾫòһҪ
һеı߽߱ǽǶҪʰøɸɾ
ͷҪʰã
׼⻹˵ô
ΣϸһҵҲҪдô˴ԼȫԱ
Ǹڸ崫ָʾ
ؼұѶһҪڴǰȥʱ򣬽һӦ׼ã
ˡҲۿˣʲôӵĺǾ˲ҲְǵƤ
죡
գۼѾɵ˼֮⣬ȻڵĴһ׷
ڶĤը죡

ڵõѶϢ֮󣬵ʱһƬ֮С
һߡ
ҶԸ֪Ϊޣȴ֪ڵơΣҶЦǰ棬һһſѯʡ
;˹ģΪŴ壬ĳܻǿաȴҵˡ֮ƣĳ
Щ֣̿漴΢ɲ̾˿һƬҾ׳ʡҹȻƫһ磬ȴҲѱƮҡ֮ꡭڽ˭Ҳǲ֪쵽׻ô
巢Էθ˵
ҶЦͷϼѾǧ꣬ƴƫһ绹ûġ
Ŀһϳɾ֮˵仰Щδζ
ɵ̽Ȼܹƫһǽ֮ңڻĺ˵򰵳ӿ֮֯ӴǰδС˾ңѾ⣬ǲΣȴ֪죬Ȼ
ȴижҶЦ䷨ֵۣ֮ҶЦʱɱ죬䷨ֻҪսбˣƱؽ̣֮꣬
ȻҴ˼ʵҶЦ⣬ºȻ£
ٽȷʵѵ⡣ҶЦͷĿǵɫ
̾˿֪ЩصĴͽԴںηʲôܹ׼񣬾˵˾壬ȫ£Ů٣ԼȮ켺ֶ˴ίʵ˷ָΪ֮ĺ
˵գһ̵ҶЦ
Ҫô˵ϳɾԼоЦ˴ֳ徣δйأȻһ˽⣬ֵЦɾλЦ˴ֽٵľ֮ˣ
ҶЦתΪأƬ̵֪ıҪһЩҲȫȻ֪ʼղõȷʵ֤
˶٣Ŀǰֻ֪һνٵĹģֻ½꽵ҪԵģصһΡ
鶸ȻһɫתΪҰס
Цô˵ôѾµԣȥ൱ĳ̶ȡ
֯أж֮ʱֻ£桭ҸĿࡣֻǵԪƷϸ֣ҹơҶЦĬһ£عơҲҪǧ֮ڣ
һ͹һģڵأĿĵԪƷϸ֡ǧ֮ڣ
Ҹղ˵ˣǻֻصĹƣʵĿֻ಻٣ҶЦڵԪƷµߣ͵治֪жˡʵ֮ǰһʱҲ֣֯ɱԷ֮ڣȴ֯вԱûܴν΢֪֯ĸ֮ߣɼһߡ
񻰣Ѿȫ͡
ǧҲһоˡ
֪Ц˵ģмٻаֵĿ
֯ʵǻʵǿ˹


580 ɱ޷ţ
֮ǰҲԷ߼ߣѶ֮Ҫȳ֯ĳЩܡȻþеĲпƹֶΣͽֻͣջ˼ʬѡһ죬û˿˶ڱץһ̣ʱɱֶΣһһ˵ԻֶΡЩסɱɹģǳٴȥĿ֮࣬Ծɲ°֣־ɾɲ
ҶЦȻ̾Ϣ֯ʷµû֮һҸţ֯Ӵ̶ȣǵǰǾģʵ֤ʵ֮²⣡
ֻоһëȻԭҰ׵ɫֱתΪ԰ףֽһĲ԰ס
ǰ߱߱˵ܴ󣬺˵ĻΪѣȴһ˸ȡ֮ϾҶЦݵλأѾҶЦߣαð͵Ц˵Ľ̸ĺèĵʣ˶׵ģ
һ·˻һϡ£ҶЦϰµĵ÷޺죬ȻһĻӷһĴ·ʧ
һϮ£Ȼǧٿ׵ĲƣսȾ೾๸һξ֮£ȻѾãȴֱýѩһȾһ㡣
˸֣·֮һǰδеĿ̬ƲϵӿХڰҶЦһ޴Դͷ
Щһȥͷͻᱻڡ
ɽХһһһӿÿһܶȺ˾̾ȺһĽҶЦ壬ȻҲûй¶ΪĿɾɲ
ҶЦɫҲ𽥵ıú󣬲֮ǰĲѪɫ
˿þ̾Ϊֹ
νµһֵĸֶΣʲôֵ׾٣
ΪˣҶЦһǧˣȻƴһȫȻյķΧ֮С
ҶЦȻľ̺֮£ǾȻһղ
ǿ֮Ȼһڴˡ
ºȻͬʱҶЦ˽ĺλڳÿһ˵Ķ
ǰҶЦĽԺΪҲνĿ׻ѹúܵͣΨԼʶľٶᱻΪðȻ˸óȻȡ̸ݡ
ҶЦҲ˹ǣڻһת֮ʣн֯Ϣݳȥڳ˶ǷȻҶЦ⣬Ȼÿһ˶ֱ˶ţ֯ݣҶһ
ڽʱէֵĿֲ仯Ҿ֪
ˡǴһĻ̡̻ľսΣľ֮С
˿ҶЦ˵֯ʵȻ˿ֲ֯ӴĵزȻ˵ȴ͵͵ﵹһ
ĸоԽΣˡԽԽûˡ
ˣʵǿᡢĺ֮⡭ӵеѲڵǿѾȥֿԸĵز֣ѵˣ۷֯ܣ󡭡ÿһѾﵽȱĵز
һ˵˾ʵ׵ĵطѵѡӦԽΪΪѡϾܹշ˾ȼΪãκ涼쳣޴ģΪŴ֮һ˾壬żԼȡ·
֯ȴѡֶΣֱӴݻ˾ң
ƾһ㣬֯ĿģѾδߣδؾͲ
ҶЦأ˵š
ҶЦ˵۶תʵȴ̺⣬ڳ˶Ͻܲ׸ԭίȻ˾֯ڣɵĳԶֻҲûм֯Ҫȡɵˣ
֮֯ĿģҪдΨҶ𣬲أ
ɫѿ˼֡
Ϊϼʵ˾Ҳڲ֮ѡ
˾֣֮ȫ޿أһҹţôɸϼأ
ֹǲֹۣǾ
оǣЦԼ̸˼ҲóӦһ޵ѣԼǧҪҪʲô롭Ϊ֯ͶҲܵġ
ǵĿģ˳ѡûУ
֯üֵûУֻ
һұΨսˡ峤̾һ
ɫƺ̼˼֣ղԼ½һ˵緢嵭ࡣ


581 ݰٸ
ʵֺֹˣ˵Ѿ߳·̣Ȼÿ˵飬ΪҶЦľϢøأ֮ǰϲá
֪Ц϶ϲԼﵽʲôԼվһߵĿơ
ΪЦʱյݵλʵͬҪһҵͶ
վһҲãЦƶ˸˵ûи塣
һͷλʳ˵İʣȻСϵͷСèСͬ䶯֮ܲڣ棬ңҲһͷеС治ҶЦ򳬼У
ôȥδӣٶ࿼
ϧ治֪ģҶЦ֮ԻᱬôϣʵԼĿġ
֯ʵίʵѾǿ൱ĸ߶ȣڵҶЦһȽԾɻ̲סļµĵز
֯⿿ļ֣ҲͿԱģֻ
Ȼƾһ֮ĻǾ;ŽŽᵽҶЦԼжûд֯趨棬ԭ§ݴӣû⣬˼ʵȻ޼ɵĽУ
ΪڴˣԭȴӵһͳһսߣӦ֯ͳһߣֻϲĳŻûʶ㣡
ȻҶЦѾʶ㣬ڸ֪ӦԣŽһпŽʱ˿̴˵أֳɵһǧԪ֣
ܹͬͬôϸͷߵĲһ൱ɹ۵
οڳˣÿһ˵һ
ЩκһҲͬ֯
õúãһɶԸ֯м
мڴˣҶЦŻô
ҪΪҶЦôУǴ鵤Ȼûµһǧˣȥһδ˼ȥȾ
ҶЦûôС
̸䣬Ѿǰˡ
ۿһƬĴׯ԰һ̹۵Ĳɣо
ǽ٣ôԼִµһƬҵ
߾пڵϦ֮䣬һƬ棬Ҳ涼ʣ£С
ſڣݶӣսӭӡ
ǧˣȴǸߵÿ˶Ȼ˿ɧң˶ֱͦͦվţһƬϡ
ȻˣѾڵһʱ佫Ϣˡ
ղŵǳսٶɺ쳾Цսǰһ䷨һλ۷ֵ֣䷨һһӣЦȫʤ
ԣ䷨ǰһˣ
Ц½һ֣һǿߡ
ʱ˿̣λ½oŲԼ߹ҪǼţǶӡ
Ϣʱڸγ˿ǰ𶯡
ҵҲǵһңʱ̣ȴǰδеĳЧ֮£һж׵
͵Ц˵ݰš
Ƭ̣Ⱥһ˵ȣعӵԶһȺƽһ㣬ƮƮǰˣһǱ棬ţ˵ǱΪף˵Ϊһ·ΪλԺһˣһΪߣ
Ϊէ֮һ꣬Ӣͦʵ˼㣬Ͷ֮䣬ѵ
ͦΣһϮʤѩ
էȥͬˣٳ徣鷲
ҵļŮӣ˼Ժǽ͵͵ߣһֿǰµòҴ˵ĵȴǲ죬𾪣仹к档
㡭˾Ǵ˵ЦӢ۵ЦһԪΪѾͷ͵͵Ϊ׵һŮӡ
ӦǰɡŮ΢΢ͷҲǴȥഫЦ£ػô᣿ôӢ˧ʹ֮еЦʵʵڵĲһ
˵˵ţ̲סԷˡ
˧
һСѾͷиƵۣðģһ
һл룺δķڵЦ㡭ôӢôͣôзȣôʣôʵô
Ŷˡ
ŮΣԹǣΪ֣

Ŀ֮£ЦһдѾ˸Ҵſڡ
ӭЦݰٸң
μ£ĹԴҪӴ˵档
ԭֻΪҶЦҶЦֵˣ
񡭡ҶЦðѾǼΪãܵô߹ӴҶЦг˹ⲻȥ̿֡ҶЦֿ˵鷳ˡ
ҲңҼ˷ܵһѪɫԸݰٸңѾǸ˸Īٳ衭룬ڷ衣
Ҷĳ߶ˡҶЦһĶŵЦЦƮƮȻ߽Ҵš
һ룬˵ΪȻ׾͸Ӧǽ͵ȻҶЦԣҳȳ⣬һĿ⣬һǱɨ˹ȥ
˵ػ˳ǧλԪּĿȥǷơֱӾǾ춯ء
ǽ󣬵ʱһƬС


582 СС
Ҽ첽߹ȥһɵ÷ϣֻ֮УһȺŮԼŮ£͵͵ۿ
벻Լղ֮겻͵öǵĹѾͷȻ͵͵˳
Ī˵дĹҶЦ׿ҶЦ㣬ǧλԪ֣һ˵ݶǷʲô˼ȻһȺŮڴ͵ǲӣһĵʲôˣ
һϽȥҼͨ죬ŭӯǹ;ڽǰҪˣȴּѹŭȽȥʰǣһȺûûСĻ˶Ͻˣ
һŮŵûʧɫҪ뿪
λǰߵҶЦԲЦδ̫Ͽ˿ˣҲ֮Уôѵܰ˿ô˵ðǰôֽȥҲϡô־ƳԣҴСһССɡ˵òã
кá
Ȼ֪ҶЦ˾ּڻ͵ǰգ˵ĿԼ壬ôܲߺȣֳȻҪȥ
ã̫ˣ
˵Ҫǿ̫ˡ
Ǿǣ֮ģ˽֮֮飬֮飬α
УҼź죬˵
ҶЦһ
ʮλŮ˶оԼòƶһʲô
ͷһȴֻһöССƿһϼ뵵ĵҩ
һǶʱ˸ղŵľţȴʲôȻܹЦͳ
ЩŮȻңȻȫ޼ʶ֮˼Ѿ뵽Щҩֻ·ͬСɣȴҲ˸ҽ֮Щ˵е룬Ͼ˵е£Ѿ˼̫ˣ
˵λﶼǻòˣĵҩǽ֮ҶЦ΢ЦȻŮӴ඼ԼòΪ⡭ŵҩ޻֮Ԫ֮ܣȴഺפ֮Ȼ˵ղģഺפһ꣬άڵòġֻġ
Ծ𾪵һ

õҩŮȫ⣬循ϲؽ
ղģഺפ
֮£Ů˶ĺ¡
Լ͵͵ܳǵûܵ𷣣һʵ룿
Ůһ̼ε
ڳµǧˣȫĽ
ЩѾͷʵ̫ˡ
˿ҶЦ񣬸ͬǿһ㡣
ĺöЦ־ͳô࡭ټϸղôĵ񵤡
Цɲѽ

Цȷʵɲ⣬ѾˣפյЧ˵ഺפһҲ˿ۿۣұϿеʵȴǲдƷǰҶЦγųġפյر֮ɳȡĳɵ֮ƱȽûճɵȻǳɵˣȴһЩƷ˵ǲдƷפյ
ĵƼפյЧΪ߶ŨЧЩдƷЧǴ濴ԾɺܺÿҲͽ൱ڵϼѡ
ȻˣⵤϼפյԾҪԶʤͨϵפյԾĴ˵
ٶŮ˵Ƶռҩ

硣
ϼŮ죬ˡ
Ǽȫˣ
͵͵ȥǼСѾͷȻõô컯
عصЩɶûУ⻹ûеˣ
ûõפյȻĽʺ޵Ӷˡ
ֻҪŮˣ˭ںò
˭ܲںò
˶ںڣΪɶû͵͵ܳȥΪɶҾôء
ΪʲôΪʲôҰ

ŮˣһӶˡ
ʵ̫ۺˣ
ģһηǵõפ񵤵ģȻû
йﶼ֪Լ̫Σˣ̫˺ˡ
õĴ취¶ȥ
һݣ޺֮ǣ
ӴӴ֮󣬲ٵԼӣ
˵İһסţбףҲԺ飬ഺפȣҪ
ԣڻȥ·֮Уһɿ죬ཹཱུľ͸ˡ
żôŮĽʺ޵Ŀ⣬һͬĿȸͷɷ
ߣУûС
ǻˣФĻᶼûУôİɣ
ԵƷɶǺõ˵
һĺҫʵ̫˺ޣЩɧҡ


583 Ϊ
˿̣һʷϬݿܣ
˭Ǹ˽ȥЦҪפյ˫ȣٵݣң
ʵ֤Ƿǳȼ֮ģϳɾ
ǧҪСŮǶڡഺפĿû£ҶЦǵλٸߣҲһƬ֬۵ķΧ֮С
ˡ
ҶЦסľСԺ֮⣬ԶԶС·ϣйǣǡڴѵĿ⣬гճյȴӰ
ҲҪഺפء

ϣҰڿǰδеʢϯдҵһڡֿѡ
λҶЦ̸ЦЦ޼ɣȻǾ
ƾгŸ˹ƣҶЦƾܣһһ΢Цڵĳ棬ǶһЩơ
ݰͬᴫȾһ㣬߲ŸհƬ̣ټŰ
ǡĳҲмﻰҪһ˵õҶЦİʾҲ׳
˼ˣȷʵΪݽλߣЩֻ˵
ܴҷ׷˵ˣлֱ˵
ǾǣҶţ¸أԱǽ񡣡
ɤӣ֪ǰδȻۿһƽ٣ڼھҪҶϽ֪ϷԲ顣
˵˵ɫתΪء
ʱ䣬˵ĶνԽԽⱣ˷¸أѾвٰɡвٵļ屻ţ֮ǰᵽ˾ң
ۼһɺɫֲѾʼϯ
Ȼûпʼ󳬼ɣ󳬼Ҫʧô飬ȴҲ֪ġ
ڣڳЩΣʱ
ΪǷ֣ҶЦ˵ģЩ˲ͶҲʲôˣֻҪ֣һ֣
ǵ棬Ŀǰԣȷʵû⣡
мڴˣ˶ϢŸ˵
ǰ˵Ѿƫһ硢͵ʲôȻΨ֮Կ֯ڣźǣڡǾȻȫ֪Щ˵Ժηʲô֯ʲôʲôɣʲôһеһУȫ֪
Ψһ֪ľֻУѵѾͷϣ֪ʲôʱͻȻ佫һǺݣ˲б
ɫЩࣺƾǶԴˣνǺް취ʵνǿ硣
û˿˵һƬĬ
ÿ϶һ̵أԼ˼
ǲԴУҪҪȷˣȴҲ޴֡ɫߣѵǾôȴһյĵ𣿡
ǳĬΨһ˫˫ϣĿ⣬׷׿ҶЦߡ
ҶЦ΢ЦȴЩ̾
Щˣ˾ûһ׸ġ
Լ仰֮Լ⣻Լ죬Щ˵˳㵽ϡ
˳µĽ£˴˵Ĺͬ顣
ȻʵǣʼҪһ˵ġ
ڳλҶмпڵˣڳôֵ֮Уһ˵ıϾֻͱǸңһǶ֯ϮĻϷִļǧҵҲֻеŻһĽ֣
ɫǡ
ˣ˵ɫҲٶһ䣬롣
ڳ֮Ув˶ǰֻ֮һ֮֮е֧һ¡
ǵȼȻҪΪһƬ棬ôԼأ
Ҳһ
ָӲ
ʱܵجΣԼӦ𣿣
ѵҪĿţԼļ壬Լںˣ׷Լǰ
ǲԴУȴʲô취Ӧأ
ϾǸ֯ʵʵǿ̫֣ԼУνĵֿ𣿣
ɫӷ߿˵֯ȻǿҲѾӵ˶ԿʱôˣѵҲ˶ڣжٸֻ֣ҪܹΪսǿĵƵĻᣬȴŵʲôʵԵֱдС֣
ֻǣΣվ棬ҪһվңȫսĺͬȹһεĿǰΣ
ȻתҶЦֱͦͦعȥ˵񣬾˾һˣµһ֣ΪΣҪǣػ᳦ģʷǡ


584 
У˴ǰѾа֯չа֯˽⣬Զ˸࣡
ԣĳڴ˶ˡһվΪɢһģͬа֯ǵļ԰
˽ͬһңǽ粨˲ڽȴȱĴ˵Ȼ֯ο£Ҳв˵İȫڴ˶˿ķϣȻ֣ҲΨھ˵ĺ֮£ǲܹһս
仰ȴǲһƬڰ֮УͻȻΪָһյƣ
ͻȻȻʡ
˵ûЦոߵܰ飻Ŀվҵֿа֯Ļô˵ǴӴĹǣ
Ҫǣ˼ЦдµˣϾǸոջ䷨λһ֣Ѿһ½Ĵ档
˵ʵڵģͷ֮ǰ뵽ɢᷳЩԼû飬ЦȻվȴƫƫһɢޣ˼Լ˺Լͺãα֯ȴ̫֯ԵĶЦ²ؼ߸߹νǺ쳾ǷǣȻ˿̸ڴ˿̵ĵΣȴ˵⣡
ϣէ֣β
ǧЩɢˡͦ
ͬʱס
ɫޱϡ
糯ʥ
ҶЦ̾һ
һòƺΪӵҶЦǽһ治˾ϽԼƬ̣֪⣬ʵʱӪʵķΧԼȻΪȷģ᳦ģʷʲôģΣǾ粻ڽиĴ˵ȴøģ
ϷϣѾˣе̬ǵС
֮ĳ˲¶ΪѵĿɬ飬λ𡣡
ȴԾɹڵϣ˵ʲôҲ
ҶЦƺ֮⡣
òƸ벻̫һ֮ǰ˶֯Ǳֵúܷ߿Ͳ˵Լ׼֯ʽΪˣôأҪǲӦô죬յõĵ⣬𣿵²ɵȫˡ
ʵҲף˵Ц֯߿ƣܲ⣬ҶǽˣиԵ׼ЦΪѾۣ֯㳲˶һӵΧЦƾЦһʥʵҪܣҲʲô¡
϶ûκˡκܹܹɱһľܡ
֯ʵߺܿɹۣܿ£ǺֲܿЦԣԾǰвûС
ǴӦˣҪͶˣˣϾҪ֯ˡ
սΣ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϵġ
ȻЦܹԼңһӣαҪðôķգ
ıȼģʣԼѡȴǲԶ˼ǱĿʣ˾α޷ŪԼģһˣ˵Խɬ
һϣһǰҪԣܲȻҲԽŵϲˡ
ˣǲϴӦЩ˳ҲҪǰ£͹Щ˵Ҳ䷨ħͷоµģʹ˻˸ѡͷ˻ߣᡣ
ҶЦѾ׼ӦˣҶЦѹˣͼԼͷԥ
ȻʱׯͻȻмƿһ˺һ㼱˴ϲͻսһΪǿĺͻϮ˾ռ壬˫չս˾˲أĿǰѾȫ̴ݻ١ס˾Ͻ⡭ڣ˾ռڣѾΪһƬ棡
ȻΪڵõϢ鱨ʼ˾ʧ״̬֮Уţһ˵˻ŷִղԣϸ֮²ɵôһ⡭ʲôΣ
δ䣬ͻءۡһһѪ͵
һϢٶȸϻظңһ·;棬δͣץһʱϻţиּ£˾֮˾ɻҸԼĸһ㣬ͬеŴ֮һ
ƽջڴ³Ȳҵ³ݺ
˭˵׼˵һĿ꣬᲻Ǹң
ʹԪָ·񽻴ᣬ˼ʸϻؼУ鱨˵꣬һиҲֲ֧סʱ״̬֮С
جģ˾ǻһɫԽĲҰ


585 ȳɳ
ʲôʲôǸصĺֶ֯ˡ
һĿ꣬Ȼʵڵļ֮ϵ˾ң
һŴ󳬼壡
һʱ䣬˵ͷһƬ
ʲôʱ飿ҶЦһüһŵҩҩԽʮɵĿռ䣬ȷؽλѶĸֿС
һתŷԼҼڵˣΧԼߣעԼԼת㼴ʵʲôʱ飿
һ鵤Ƭ̺ͻָЩæػͷϡĿǰ˾ռ壬Ѿǡ
ϣ
ɫһ䣬ȻվתҶЦٶȡۡһȥˣ
һȻ¡
ˣۼеؿҶЦ󣺡ˣ
ǳ
ҶЦȻ̾˿ˣҶĳꡭҲɢ޳һߵգ䲻֪˶ٿˮů֪λĵģܹġ
һ£ƺ˼һҧ¶˹̶ȴ£ȻλŵҶĳôҶĳȥص֯һ
һ仰ճ˻׶
лˣ᳦ģ鴫
˴ʴ壬£ҵм
ֻҪ˵Ǹһҵţа֯Ȼŷ߽⣡
ҶЦɫԳأ֣صصȻңģڴȴ棬ԶҪäĿţֻ֪м֪ˣ˵ģȴ֪֯Ȼ㾡ȫҲδֹۡȻҸ˿޾壬Է֯ʵ̫Ӵʵ֮ǿǺţ˿ĵġ
λһҪ׼
һ㣬ȻΪԿ֯ͷˣҪҪľǣһҪӺ֪Ž֮ģԲһȺں֮ڣ˼ѵǿĶȣȫûпɱԣٲһɢɳΪһսҲǲսҲա
˷׷׵ͷʾԸӾ˺
ȻҪ֮ԿôҶЦתͷŸ壺һЩóһ³ȫԱͬأͬͬˣЭСÿһ˭ϵȷͨ
ЩüҪ顣
ҶЦˣ˵һѣ˶š
ҸԱڽŵļ¼ϸڡ
ҶЦǰһǧλԪ֣ʵҲ˰Կ֯ݣڴӴ˿̣ڣʼиˡ
´˿̵Сÿ
ֻҪ֯˲߻ôһ죬Ҳܹγϯص
κҲǴ޵УǿĪǣ
һţһ߼¼һ߷׷˼ﻹԲ䣬ֻЦ˵֮󣬾Ϳʼ䡣
˶֪
һս޿ɱ⡣
һս֮ս
һôһֱȥʤ򣬲ͣ
ÿ˶ȺȺ龫ǡ˽ı
֮ս
Լδ֮飬ǰ֮ǰһУƣ

ҶЦ֮ǰĹ̬ȻΪ˵Ź̬ģίʵǡҶЦһʼӦ̫ˬ죬Щ˾ãԼĳԾҪԸЩˡ
ЩˣΪԼ
һԼһ۷֣ȴҪ˻߻һ֡ǵڻҡָоֻ߻ԼΪЦ͸òиİǣԼˣҲĿ뷨ߣγڲ˵ҪΪνȫϺȣ
飬ڶΪˣ˺½ȨƷŵҶЦȻ˾ռߣȻֿƽǴʱ˿̣ȫԵԲʵڲЩҪ£
ԣһʼĵӾһҪãҪ֪Щ˵ԼԼ֮űʾԼΪѵĴӦǻ᱾ܵΪЦ֮Ի֣ԼЩҶ
ЦԭҪԸЩ˵뷨ʵжȴûеö⣬˼ҵʵȻǽ磬ڡ롰ϳԥգΪԼôϣþ˶ģᶨġ˾ġ
ǧҪСôһ仯˵̬ϣȴǽȻָͬоΧ
ģԺͻԵĲص㣬ȫͬ
һ׵׻˵̬׼ǣŲߴŵˣ


586 ˾ְ
ҶЦԸϣ֣صĳλڴ˵һΣһƽ٣ʷءΧ㷺һΣƻɱǰδС
ԴҪ൱׼һս֮ڳ֮УԼڡҲ˴ˣ˻ˣպ֪
ľ֮սҪٱʲô
֮ض
ٻ·֮У
˵ɫԳأͷ
˿ֲ֡ˣһսЦ˶˵ʮԼܹȥ˻ʸ񡢱˵仰
ԵģҲƵĵԪƷ֣Լ֪ٵĵԪ֡
һɺεӴ
ڣһְ˾ҶЦһ£Ÿ壬ϼڳУϳɳأ¸أ㸺Щ˵ͳԼԺиǰ˵ˡҪ̵ʱôγһ飬£Ǳ֮ڣ˿
ȻӦŵ
ڳ֮ˣٷûмۣ֮һ˵ģȫڸңʱ߹ġҶЦ˵̷ԼźһУʱԼҸֶ飬Ŵ˵ؽ
ҶЦ˵ΪԤһлؼҵֵܣð˳·飬в÷ֿһֱ֮һعƲ⡭ڹл˾۵öһЩҲܱ˴Ӧ㡣
κһһǶʧ󡣡ҶЦ˵֣ء
˴Ӧ
ж룺ܵ·Ͻػ£ɵû뵽㣬ٶ˼һݡ
־ľǮɢޣҳ䵱һҵĴˡҴŴңһ׼ҶЦǵģһ׼𣿡
־еֵ˶ٸٳ縺𣬴̤ǰȭص˷ģ˳ɴ˿ʹǣҲиУ
ҶЦͷ΢Цڱ˴˻ϤԣҾȵ˴Ϊ𡭡ϾʶڳУΪ߹ǣıǵġвЭǶԼˣ򲻿٣ֵΣ֮κһ٣һĿº
˵ҡ
ЩԾһȵˣ¹Ȼв֮ȴҲǵʱȻǰ˲ʶңȻ֪ҵΪΡ־Ǵ˼ռȻǾʶѣڴ˲ǣܽ˭㽫ֻγɸķš
־ˣиûв
ܹίΣЦ£ѾĪҫҾ˸ղſһε˵ˣѣֵܡ
νۿɱʲôص̫ˣ˷ܵöҪιȥˣﻹʲô
ҶиԵ飬ͷȻšҶЦ̾˿֮ǰ˵ⳡƽٵ棬ıҪһܹϵͬⳡƽ٣Ļ˵ЩɢˣþۼģЩŴɣƽϣ˼ɣͳϡԣ׼ȥܷϣʼйͬĵˡ
˷׷׵ͷǡ
ŴȻʵۺ񣬵ҲΪԭǲŸӲܸԼЩ֡
ţ˵ǡܡáԸ⡱øǡϾŴɵĽôҶԵ̫ˣйͬĵˣҲδֹۣ
һȷȷʵʵ䵽ԼͷϣҲŲͦ
˼ŴɣԱ϶ҲԼЩҪǿ̫ˡ
һȴһȻͬ߿Цλ½µһͷȫϵȴǷЩŴɸǿöˡж룬֮еʱ
ʢ֮⣬һҪȥϵһЩѡҶЦ룬оǶһ裬һȶģ˵֯ǹ¾սȻжġ
徫һ񣬵ʾˣЩǣ
Ҳǵɴ۾ֱ˶䡣
Ц˵Ҫȥϵˣǵ֮
ҶЦ΢Цһ£ҶЦȻӦٶɺ쳾մȾһĺƽ٣ôӦıȻǻվһߵġ
Զʱϲ
ƸЦ嫺ľӦ
һɾ£Яֲ磬սº棿
˵еĴıͬһǿ


587 ǵ
Уҵƽ쵶ͺѩҶЦǿ϶ῴһ˹¾սǿеģ
ֻоһɾ޴ľϲϮԼġ
ԭֹЦû䣬쵶Ȼ
ˡǡСš
ҵթΪû˴ǲ䷨ħֽħ£Ҳٶɺ쳾մȾǷǷǣȻܶкѩǰ֣οϷŹ
ҶЦǺһЦˣǰԵʻ֮£¹˪ºλϣȴ֮ãԨԴ¹սĿԣҲǼġ
ͷƤһ飬ԭʣѹ˼Цٶɺ쳾ȻûڵһʱˣΪ۵⣬ôǣ
䷨ֵܹа󣬹Ȼаĸо
Ȼ¹Ȼ𺳣˵Ĳʵ̫ߣδж𺳵ȴЦ¹˪õֳ¹ڹ˽Ʊؽ뱾ֹ֯
¹ǿǱ׼ĳͬСɡ
Уƹϣмֽ飬ֻҪҷҪƹսԤڣ
䣡
һ£˺ըһ㡣
ʲôˣ˵䷨ϵµһ֣ô׵Ů޵һˣ
֮ǰǿսŵ¡
ϵľϲܣνԸӣʱоǰϣ
кĵչƷѾ͵֣֮ǸҶЦٽǸߴϵļϣʲô˾ӣһԹڳĻ
˽ͷӶ̲סϵ˷ܡ
ģǲܱȽϵģ˼Цſ׷ɱģһҪ֮صģЦթ쳾ֹƽĵ£ͳ⣬ԭ˺ν֣Ǹƣʲô壬Цͺʹ˾Ȼ˵Լ˾ӣҪ˾ӣǻ˹ĸأ
šȵȣϺĻƹ¹ıѾĸˣҶЦ뺮ѩ˵ĸǿսۺʵ
ѾǡһСЦĸӰ֮²ս𣿣
ˣһʣ֪֪һС˵ںǳš
ҶЦѾ½˺Ȼ뵱Ȼ뵽աšʶΪЦǲҲȡ½أ
ʵֺֹһô룬Ҳô룬ڶԿƽ٣ôɾ̫ˡȴû˵
Ц˵˵Ĳ²⣬ʼմ൱Ĳ죡
ǳšǰ֯һ֧սϣ֮ˣڴʱҷѣϣϲ뽹ڣҾͲиϣˣȻڱͷжԣ˵ĵֺ˵ʲôҶЦϱûа仯ȴǶоⳡеգͻȻЩ⡣˶̲סͷһͻ
ǳʻǸˣеʱͺڸԼ˸ӴŵĹϵûУԼôôأϹĥʲô
ǳڣҶЦû˵ֻ࣬ǳһʵ޸ͼӴסҶѾף
աڲָˣڣҲѾʵĳֲ岻׵ĹȻֺδؾͲиǣ
ں½һҶЦѧˣһûаٻûа㲻ʵ֮ʣȴͬڣֱӺ˳Ĵ
˼ҶЦȻδʹ˵Ļ˾ҪȺˣ
ڵԵǵʵкܶġҶЦ΢Цţǣ¾սķΧ
ᵽ֮⣬һЩͲһһ˵ˡҶЦҵ±㶯УȥϵһЩҪôҶ֪ٶɺ쳾šһ˵ұǰ¡ҲţӲᶯ
˻Ц
ȻҶĺ塣
½һЦ㻹ţ
ǡҪƸġ˵ҩҶЦЦһսˡⷽҩҲǶƣһУҪ׼ȫԱʱ֮衭
һ𻶺ҶЦղŸ൤ҩѿٳЦһλĵмңЦ벻ֹһˣ򵤵һˡ
֮ǰöķִСʣµ飬Ҷĳһˣ˼ֶ룬ȡʱĵڣ
ҶЦվ


588 
屧ȭңģڴ˱ȻϹᣬѣ
Ԥף˴һ·˳磡
;У
һ⡣
ҶЦЦЦӻ֣λǽټ
ƮƮ磬ôƮҡһɳ˴
˷׷׸˳𾴵ĿҶЦ뿪
ֻͷ֮ϣƴ˷۵糸һ㷭ӿɲǼ䣬Ѿڱգơ
ˣ
ҶЦһХӷҡϣֱʣ
漴бһ춯ص֮
أƺһͻĺ
߿֮УЦһ֮£ʧӰ١
˾ֻƣأԼźһַٶȣ϶ȥ
һ˳У紹֮ҡǧȥ
Ⱥƴƣ˾ĳȣ⣬µһֵ磡
ȻǾ춯أ

çĴ֮УĿƼ
飡
ͷѿż˸޾ľȻ䳾
Ӵ֮еĴѹһƬ
ܾѷɫѰԪƷߵľżޣ˴棬çĴ֮УѾ£Ҳû뵽Լ޾ȻһŮ˵С
˶䣬֮У˳Ӱ측֡
ϣ鲼˺ۣǣҲż죻Ȼȴֻбѩһ侲ֻӦ˵ǡᡣ
ͷ޵˶ԴʱһΪŹԲһ֮˳У˳һƾ׺һ⼲۶ȥ
ʱˣҵҲѾˡ
˳ԸоԼѾȥһ൱ĸ߶ȣѾûءؼǣԼľҲһµƿ
ԣԥѡ뿪
ڵңʵսӦڵԪƷ߽ˮ׼Ԫ۷Σһ൱ľ룻Ԫ۷ʵ۷εеģû㹻ǿľΪʼԷȫܣۺսֹھƷ߽סվǲһ㡭
ҽµĥ¶󣬶ҵʵ
ںǳţΪɡ
һգѾȵ̫ˣҿڲ
˳һХεӰĽϣһ⼲ۡ
çĴ֮Уޣλ׸ߵͣǷѿէһХǼڵأɸһ㣬ɪɪľǿ־塣
ԵѪŮӣڿô
ɼ
çĴһ
˵Ҳţ֪ʱӶʲô𣿣
ԴŮ˽çĴ֮Ϊ㣬ֱӾǵʽ٣
ǰ󲻹һµʱŮ˸޿ս˳һǧΣ
ҪһǧΣ
һµʱ
ġȻˣûԣֻԣҲܹĺòá£ôôʵǿŮأ
ŮµޣصĹҲҪ˰ǧ֮
ԣ
ʱҷ׷ױ棬û²ҪȥҲȥǱȥзӣ
ԣ֮ʼղϢ
һ֮ѹçĴǧ޲˿Ҷ
һֱŮ˽֮λ˵λɵˡ
ⳡɱһ䣡
ſߣ
Ůħͷˣǡ̫лˡ
ȷϢظӯ
Դ֮ÿһһ֣çĴֽɱ֮գֻҪһ뵽çĴֵߣΪٵֻͣҪ㲻ޣһ⵽޵Ĺ
Ϊһ죬çĴֵ޶ɱ

ɽ¥һϲҳǼһϲʼǣ˵ļ֮УͿ϶ڣǳţϾʱ棬˵ج
֮ǰ̶ͬһʯ֮ƣҪҶҼҶңɵҶʵΪҶҴҶЦҪԸ¹˪ıŻ¹칬սңȻˣ֮
û뵽ǡƻǱ߲Ÿոտʼʵʩָոս־̳˴սԵˡ˱ֱûӰ
ʧˡ
ʧˣǷȴûиģԲ߻ļƻѾʽļƻܹĵ
ԣԭƻԾڳִУ


589 
ʵѾʼִ֣Ͳ֪ʧˡ
ִУû⣬һʼִ񣬾ͱʿˣǾˡ
Ȼһ·չԱº˳׷ɱȴ벻ֵԽԽǺƴͶ֣֡ҲԽԽࡣ
󣬺װƮƹŮӱƵһһҶЦȴʱڲսԱȫû
¹˪Ҷ򸾵һ·ʵۺ񣬿ϧǶԵ鱨ز㣬ȫҶ½Ĳ֯ǿ룬ǲڲƽ¹˪ֻ»Ҫɱң
Ϊ˵ĵ룬¹˪ŵǰԩҲ˸룬ս֣¹˪˴Ϣ֮
ǻˣ˵ĵĺܸһɱڵҪЦճ֣Ȼһȫû
·ֱ·սֶȫûҲûʲôʤ˱ҳ£һֱûɳִκϢһӦ֣ͻȻ˼ˡ
״ŵ쵼˶ļ١
ǳʲôأ
Ψ֪˷ʲô£źüʱӦԺòã
ʲô֪ӦҲ֪Ӧ԰
Ҳû˳ȥ鿴ȴƫƫǰϢѰٲƺЩ־ôڻ˿
ֱںڰУЩĶߡ
¹ͨҶҼıؾ֮·ģսۼͬһЩɵӵ
ȴûпκһʬ塣
͸˷ˡ
ȻǷսҪ˰ɣ
ʬأ
˶Զǰ˼⡣
ʧˣģ˾ȻҲʧˣ޺ۼ
ʲôʲôܹǿˣȻŵܼƻһͿأܵһͿ
ܵĴϢ˶ĵڸɵ·δ֪Ŀ־ΣҪǺƮƹǿɾ֮ˣ
ȴֲ֮ή٣һ죬ˣ
ȴڿʼ
칬ˣԾƽһУ峿ͻȻһıէ١
ڵɽ֮
ڵɽţһƻ飬ͬʱģɽ¥Լ
һʱ䳾ɷ
ٷɽŻд󻤳֣Ҫһשһߣһ׵飬ôˣڻᱻһ
ΨһĽǣ˵ΪѾߵһŵĸ߶ȣ
ڵĸǲҵһӶδضȥ
ֻ֮УһѩӰɴȻɢһ߽ڡ
񻣬ȴƺžĺ֮޾˪
ߺˣôڣҲ֪˭־ŭĴһ
ǰӰδţԾһԲһƣѽʻ֮֮ͬһ촷۷ɻңǵӰôͥŲһ㣬ɽŴʼϡɱ
һ·ͦ˿˿ͣ
;֮ʼһԲ·һƹȥһ֮˭ͬݿһ㣬һӣ
;Ѿپڵӵʬ塣
ڣڽӽйʱڵĳϸǷ׷״ӱչ֮г˫γɶš
µ˭λ̫ϳϿˣĸоЩϤȴֲȷϡ
Ͼһ֮Уֻ¡
˭Ҳûò˭ҲûмΡ
ûд¡
һΣȴһϮ¡ûжòڵ
Ȼƴ²࣬٣ԾɻЩ𡭡
˭ǵڻû˭ڻ̧ͷһĿ⣬̽λ̫ϳϵУ˵ôŸ˶ãȻϵñˣ
̫ϴǳʱһЩϣ
ڻҪ˭ǱȡеˣߵȻôĮվڴǰĹ㳡Уһ統ڴһʱһģһ
ֻǰһϮ£һۣ
ţһ죬ǰڵʱ򣬲ûɱˡ
һΣȴǴɽſʼɱһ·ɱ˵Ĵɱ䣬ɱ飡
ʽȻͬ
ǳŭ쳣ƹ޹ϸ𣬸ԩȷɽһٶţȴǺ⣿ѵͿ˺𣿡
ԩ𣡣һЦǳǵɵӣǵԼɵӣںۣҿǾ۰ɣ


590 ˭㽲
ǳŭ˵һηɽţ֣µˣϷһۣ֮зִ磬δɱ֣ưͿˡ
һΣԵ޹ʴôôЩĺ󱲵ӾôС㵽ҪʲôĪǵñƵƹȫ濪ս𣿡
ǳɭȻǹɱŭ֮ȫڡ
ȫ濪սļȫ濪սȫ濪սѵҾڲɣҵΪѾƹսˣ
һ£ǧҪٸʲôԵ޹ʡǳӦúɰɣԼ飬ѵҪ˵𣿡
ǳŭ˵úúã˵ɣϷҪھʲôط㣿ƮƹȻϧһս
ǳδ䣬ͻͷһݣæĿԼǱɨȥ㾪λ̫ϳֳȻɫҡϲòȱ˲ˣ
Щ˶һһĸ֣Ȼ岻ڣ⡭ֻ´£
ǳʱһ𣬼ʵأ
ںϹߴ̫ϳϣͬһʦʦֵܣϳơ߽˴˸ƣһԴһα֮󣬴ҿʼԷͷչʱࡣ
ڵ״Σ豾ڸȴֻڳǲϳġ
ߡǡϰƮƫͷȥϼ鴤һ£
ν£ȵӺɷĻҵ˵飬Ҫҿǣ
ǳȻת
ɵҲ֪п϶⣬ŭʵߵȥ
۾һգȻ˵ߡȻˡ
ǳһԲʲô˵ʲôˣô£
ϻûü˵ѾĲڵ϶ȲҪ˵ֻô˵֪Ҳ֪ˣ㣻ֵѾȷˣҲǣ
ǣϰƮŭĿԲ㻹ô
ôúðԵһ䣬ǲҵ
仰ɲûش
Ͼε죬Ҳ˵ɱġ
Ϊ¸͸Ϲϵ
ǣϵ
ȷɱģʡ
ɱġ˵
ȻɱġǵûȤ֪Ե˵ֻȤ֪Ϊʲôȥȥʲô¸Ҹ˵
ϳĬȴû˵
⻰ô˵⻰û˵˵ʲôѵ˵ƮƹĵԼ͵Ǵıư¹칬к󣬽粨һʯ֮ƣ
ǳѾ֪鲻ͷɴϣô£
˵㻹ĺʦܰɣʲôҲ˵ƾʲôңֻ˵𣿡
仰˵úǳȴһ㶼ҡ
ΪӸղǾ仰ѾһδԵ޹ʡ޵ķʸǡ˼ңҡһǺص֣
ҪȻҲôĴ
һ̣ǳЩû˹ȥ
֪Ƿǳʱڣ㻹ҪֵһŮħͷʲô
ô£˭ܸңǳʵ
λ̫ϳˢˢԴһ仰˵
һ˵װʱ𣿼Ȼǲ˵Ǿ˵
һĿĸˣʵҲ˵Щеûģֻһ䣬ǳȥЩ֣ǲ׷ɱƹӣ
ȫӦĿ⣬ʶתͷ
Ʈƹӣ£ǲ֮˵УӣɱĿ⣬ǳǳӦףΪʲô˰ɣ
ǳ̾Ϣֻоһ
ƹӣƲܰ£ƹӵ֮⣬Ǳ²ˣƹѧ񹦵ĳмߣȴ׷ɱ𡭡
ԣҽˣҵҪܼ򵥡ҪΪҵĵӱһ
˵죬Ҫڵһǧµ֮飡
ʵȻȷʵ񹦵ĳмߣĵӣ̸²ˣԸྻĵмӡ˳Ѷ֮ʱҲʹǿʵĳ˵Ŀбʲ
һǧϴ㲻Ҫˣǡ̫ˣĴˣʼֻһˣγȥİٶˣȫ棬ûһ˻ΪһӣȻҪһǧ᣿ʲô
Ϊ㽲ģ


591 
仰֮ʡ
Ϊ㽲ģ
ʲô
ֻǽʵȭͷС
Ҹղû˵ҪһǧҲʲôèԴֻҪԪƷϵĵӵ
û˿˼ǲԼأҿԱʾ⣬ȡҲɣҪһ㣬Զ֣ȭŲۣҲᳬһǧ֮ȷ־Ͳұ֤ˣ
ǳԵʱ
γ֪˵ʵĿֻˣǷˣ֮ҪɱǣҲҪ൱شۡ
ĳ״ܣҲԸ⸶Ĵۣ
ĿǷЩӣôƴҲ϶ֹɱ¾
ʱСģһ˷ֿ͵ͬƵĻᣬֻлƴܾˣҲ丶൱ۣǵ˶ϣ㲻˲ʱᣬֻҲ࣡
ʱ˿̣ܲս
ãôȥһǧӵôպڻʲôڵ壿ڰһ죬Ǿͽµ͸˼ɱˣ
˵Ŀ궨ôߣһǧԪƷΪĵӣʧѾԪ˵⣬ǶҡڵĸһۣھҪ򳬼ˣ
ɥĲ׷ɱƹ֮ʱ͸뵽гһս⵽ƮƹѪȵı
˵ǸɱһƹӣҾɱһǧˣжģ͵͵ˣ
һһľ緢ȥϣ䡱һ죬ƵʱɢһգȻתĿ⣬ǰˣţȵв߾վ
һɳĿҰ˲ʱӡ
пӰˣһ̲סɫףȷ
ôһֻƾĶеŮħͷ㻹ô
ô
˵ʲôûãʲô״
ǳƶ˲ʱ࣬ȻִҪֻѪծԵ㵽ףֵˣϵĲΪֻһЩ󱲵ӣͲ˰ɣ
仰ʵѾͬ顣
ǷˣҪΪЩˡ
ˣôˣһȺϲģȥ׷ɱƹ˵ӵʱô˵仰ѵֻǵĺ˲ŵĵӶ߹̤𣿡
һƮڰգϻ˵ս
漴ǡ顱һƺͬߵĺͻȻ˽ص쫷磬һɴΧ޲𹥻ŵϷ˹ȥ
ϵλ̫ϳϣʮλִ³ϣڵԪ֣ͷһַˣ
ס
ǳһһȣһȥ
ֻǣǳȻѸٿĹͼκʵĲ࣬ûֹһ
һڸǳȻһƣ˫ܽӴ˲䣬ȴδ̫ĲڷȫûгκһڸֶһƴĽȻвٶ˽ⷺģν۴ܣȴҲ뷨
ΨǳظеһƴԾĵط
ǳλ̫ϳ֮ףҲ֮Ϊߵһ˲жϳһƣַΧԭ㱻ȻʵʵĹȴȺڹĵ档
ȻԶͬЧ൱Ĳ죬Ĺһʼ˹ä㣬˵ĺûȻƾЧգֻڿպ
ϧǳȻо˲ԣԾǳˡ
ڴǰĹ㳡ͻȻ¡һȥգۼһӣĳ̣˲ʱɲǼ䣬Բʮֲָ֮״̬֮С
һɭƣ˲ʱϯš
ֲָĳ̷Χ֮У֣ɱ䣡
£㿴𣿡һȣգΪ㱨ѩޣ
ƹĵӣ˭Ҳ۸
һƬƬҽУ
İɫӰͬȻûһ㣬չ쵽޷ݵļٹ
ǳˣ׷ٶȣڣʱء
֮ǰող뷨ڵӣΨһĸǣ⡭⻹ô˵еŮħŮħŮħݲŸУ
顭
ŽڳλеĶϺϿ͵ѪĺˣԾ磬޺Ψһ춯ֻĲҽԾﲻ


592 ʱ
ǳּŭȫƴ׷ϡء
ϧģֻһƺ磬һ磡
ٹƬ̣ǳطһʵǰľ磬Ȼһڴֵʱٽһ
һֽһ󲽣
Ϊ򳬽ǿ֮زҪ죬ȻꡢǧޣҲδд巽Ľչǿ߶ԣѷص㣬ص㳬˳ɶҪĶѰΪԼĴ֮·
ڵ̫ϳϣΪ൱ȫٽͣڳǿߵĳΣǶԣ΢ܹ֮뵽ΣѾǴ£Ҫٽһ֪ȴٽ
һֹһ䷨ѩ磬֮ԱΪϵľ۴ܣΪǻ׷ߵľ磡
Ȼʵ̫ѣ̫ˣѾ̫̫ûνĽˣ
Ȼȴǰ֮ʱߴϾ͵ó˹ʶѩһս൱ͻƣʵǵȾʵ㲻˵䷨磬ֻѾԶˣ
˿̣ǳԶԣдȾ㲻˵ʤ䷨ٿ֮֮Ѿͬһһˣµһ֣
ǳȫ޷ǣΪʲôֻô̵ʱգǰһأ
ֻǣ̽ȫ壬ľԼǰ޵ʵֻ裬ֻѣ
˵֮ǰǳλֻ֣ƴһܾ˵ĻôڣΪѾĸ߶ȣ
ֻҪԸ⣬ڽ죬һ֮ڣ
һѾ֮
Ŷ߲ĲҽǳɵĻ䣬һͷ׷ĽŲ
˰ˡǳ˵ˣ
쳾֮УһЦ֪ˣαص
һɸǿܣ˲ʱϯ㳡һƬҺ֮Уɨг̣ԭص̳Ȼ˲תΪ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ˲֪˶Ҫɢ⳾̵ķȴʼûκЧ
ɢ̳ʱȴֻǻһ飡
һ䣬쳾
ǲ࣡
صĲ࣡
ܣĿǽ塣
УһϮµ߿գ°ȹ㳾ȾˣȻһĸо
û˻ΪŮ磬ŮħҼĸй١˵ʲôأ
ò治֪˵ʲô
˺ؽϣҶƹ֮ˣյڣǰ
һȣһƻ
ԶŴš䡱һ죬ʹ̮ȫ
һЦԭѾڸ߿յƮҡߣеʱ漴˲ʱʧˣ
ֻԳɱԶ촫ղڣǱģҲǱԸ⣬Ǳ顣
ֻΪҪšˣˣˣ
Զȥ
ޱ໯ߵһĨϼѤޡ
ϧڴ˼ûһĨѵõĹ̫ϳ֮ǳվڴǰۿڵĿǽ壬ǻΪһƬŴĵһ鴤ͻȻǰһڣۡһѪ
֮սʱȻڵԱʧֺֹһǧӢӡ
֡ԶԶ
˵С
ɽű١
١
㳡٣
ڵĻҵ˷棬ż
һеһУȫһ֮ɵġ
ڣǳȴҪƹͷҲ֪ڸû֮⣬һֲͷͷƣ˼ղ˵Ҫţñˣ˭
˭Ҫˣˣ
ʲôˣӣȻҲò
רΪˣһǰˣ
˭
оǣܹҲòˣʵطףڵڣܹǿߵϮ𣿡
ѵҪ𣿣

ҶЦšϢϢȫʱֻҶ֪ΪмǵĵˣȫѾˡ
Զԣڻ˵֪Ծˡ
Ƕڣˣ
㺮󣬳չƷ֮⣬Ҳǲ֪Ϣģ
ǳ˰죬Ψһ뵽ҲֻһӦټһѩ


593 
ֻǾӦǿһЩѩǶ֮ǳҲֻ˰οԼ
ǳķ룬Ĳˣ
¹˪ЯԹ٣֮ޣټ¹֣б칬ĸ֣ҲˣˣǲĲʰ
ڵˣʼץʱˣɽš
ֻǣĿڣڵһˣȴҲֻܽһ̾Ϣŵ
ԭѾǴ˵ҲѾ񻰣ռܣ򲻸ᱨ֣ǸϽͣװưһ˵˻ȥҲһƽٵԭ㡭
Ȼڵõʮƽ
ʮ
ողϡȴûü󷨼ӳֵɽţһͻĺ֮һαһ飡
һǵصĺ⣬һڡ
˼ɽŸĵͽ׵ӣĵ׾ǱͻĴҲ죬Ҫôû֮ǰʣյͣҪôոɵĳɹ߲ϣתָأ
ЩȽǼ֤ʮǰֵĸ߽׵ӣȴֱɵˡ
Ϊ˵ƣƣɱһ֮ǰȫһģһȫ޷ֱ
мڴˣڳ˰˳ɵĸ֣ǾΪǸǸŮħֻˡ
ǳ̵ķٸϹֻƿڴ
㵽ûûˣɱ˲ͷأǶѾˣȻһٵĳ֣ôĵ𣿣
ֻɽųɢһɫӰ񻣬ְɴһ߽֮;ڵӣһŮӻֻУ
һĻֱǰج֡٣
ȫ޷ֱͬǸһһ㡣
ǳѣ㡭̫ϷƲ
ʶΪ˾ֵͷˣ
һģһƣһĴ磬һ·ʽҪģһĹ塣
ǳԴģǿԼӣҲϴƣƹ֮ص񹦡
񹦷츳߲ǻԵѳɣƮƹ֮У񹦵һҲûˣ֮ǰƣԼ²˱Ѿ䣡
ôͬ񹦡֮˲˭
ȻǸɱ顢ʵǾ˵İŮէǳ仰Ȼ̧ͷԾɲɫѵϡѾ
ĿĹˣѾһɵܿǽۼŮӻͷȷʵѾˡ
ǳҪѪȵڹŪʲô飿ҲҪи޶ȣŲϷԶԣһ߾Ȫ
ǳλʼ򳬽ߣȫ֮ģһĻȴһᣬȻõĽĿ군޶
ŮӵЦЦһȻԽԼɴԼͷϵĶը÷飬¶һŹɫŮӡ
ݽۣ˴ԼȴǻһŮɬζ
ǰŮӣȻһ֣ƹˣ񹦣ȴ
ǳۼݣʱĿࡣ
һ
Կ϶Ĺ񹦣ȴҲͬʱ϶ŮӣͲ
ȻԵüݣŮɴժһ˲䣬˲Ȼ˾Բ
϶ûôᡣ
ҪǣԲŮǷɬ
ŮϣȻͬĺɱȴûİ
İ£̫̫ྭۻŮΪӣȴݻۣ
ŮЦˣҴ˴ǰ¶Ŀȴϡ΢ĩ죬Ǵȥߣ
Ȼƹӣµմӣ˳ǰڣΪʦѩޣ
ǳɫĿɬ⼸Ѿ֪ȫԭί
ͬʱҲѾ֪ˣȥЩ׷ɱŮˣѾıºǰ˳ʦͽ
ȻϸĽвö֪Ϊ±Ѿ˵⡣
ԭǳһһߣټѾΪ֮£һţµմԲģʼǺ󱲵ӣвڴ֮ǰġ
ڣԼˡ
ˣǴش
Ůӣβܶв
ֱ̫вˣ


594 Ϣ
ƹӡݶۣҲƹ½ӣʦҲʮ£Ҳͱײĵӣ߳ôһѡ
½ӣȴѾӵ˹ֲΪ
ʵʵĵԪƷ۷Ϊ
ΪΣԼδǰŮ˵Ķ֡
ԼŮͬĵӣΪ಻Ԫˮ׼
ĳɾֹͣǡšֿݡ
ԭ˹ǳɫһ󰵵̾Ϣʦ飬ʾź²ФΪµĴ£ǰѾڣ˶ζԹ˹ղŵĿǣǲ֪顭
˹Ϊʦˣ޿ɺǣ࡭
ǳоԼ˵ֱ״Σġ
ԭȻ˳Ҫˡ
仰ô˵ôѳڣֻתۣһἰѾҹ鷳ˣֵ鷳ȻѾù
ǳݵλۣ൱ƮƹĵλȻڽϵݴв˵ԾǴͬһϣܶһСѻ˵ϣѾǼ֮ˣ
ϻ˳β˼ǡ
˳ЦһǰּΪ˵˶϶ԹƹĵλԼǶµӵάҽǰȴΪʦ
ɱʦ֮𣬲죡
˳һХʦ֮գұԣҪǳɳ׸˳Źݣ
һХѿգƺǶŲأٶԼŵԣ
ݣ
죡
˳仰óͿǰ
ǳ̾һ𽥵
Ѿʶ˳ǰĿģ˵ǾԲһġ˵ǰйߣֻ˵ڽ¾ţöƮƹߣô˳Ǳ𣬵ı
˳˵ɱʦ֮𣬲졣
ԣ˳Ѿֻܹʵ˵
֮ڽգһΣĶսѾע޿ɱ⡣
ϣ
˳νʣƲϾۼеɱԽԽŨ
󣡡
׼ӦУ
ǳϣһ¡
ڵӣӦԱԴ
˫ƴʱȴ죬Զ¡¡һӰͬһ㴩ƶ˵ٶȣȻǿ쵽˼㣬нơ켣ȴҲͬǱ˼㡣
գˡˢһӾɽ֮ǰ֡ۡһһѪȴڵһʱ俴ǳ˸ûпΧûʶƽﳣչزǳػλãԴϡ²ˡ
ڷ֣״һ
Ϊˣ˶ϵãڵĶӣԪƷΪ֣ɡƽҲǷǳصһˣԲűίΣרְ鱨ռĹ
żǰֱƣô󺰴УĻѪ˵Եʣǡ·£һ㣬ղչֳķٶȣǱܲҪԶµ״ȻΪĳЩ飬еҪϻţʩչطԴıķʽٸϻţôʲôôżĲƴۣƺ
ǳһڵڣǷƮҡˣǵùһˡֹȻ˳һսۿ޷ˣȻлϢ
ô£ǳż˵ͺã죬ˣ
һֳȴƻĽ࣬һָо쵱ˣֻҪڣҲû¡
ȹؼʱ̣ǳΪɵĹǣҪڵһʱȶġ
вٵ仰֪ΪΣԭҵеʱһ
֣ɼٵش˼һץסǳ䣬ٵ˵ϡոսӵɿϢЦҶЦֽû
ǳɫһӾͰˡ
ΧЦۣ֮Լûг֣̫ϳһλҲûг֣ϾʱЦȻ⣬ԪƷѣһûд΢֮ɢޣǳ̫ϳϣǲʤ֮䣬ʤΪЦĴЦ
һŶྫӢӣڸʵ


595 Ӷ
̫ϳÿÿ˼һսڣԼʱΪʲôûмʱ֣һ΢֣߳׻ɱЦ
Ц֣ǳȻĵģǡЦδȴҲδþͱǰ˳ѲɣǰѾδعȥǰΪҪ
𣿡ǳĪҪ׽Ӱ˵˵С֣
߶Ѱ˶ԣЦܿ£̫ϳȴһ£ϾЦûΣһɢޣѲһȴҲѵ΢֮ɣֻҪδ΢֮ǾͲΪ壡
¾֣ɴڴȷʵõ˿ɿϢЦթЦǰ֣ٶɺ쳾ĵһսǴսµһ䷨䷨һ˺ΧЦսһһӣ
䷨Ѿսܣ
һ˵ıȻ
ڣЦһ·϶֣г˿ֻŵζϣģ
ϢͬƾһҲƣͷȻը죡
ڵ˲ʱ䶼ˡ
ЦûϢȻ㹻𺳣ȴҲδھʹ˶ҡ־Ͼ̫ϳϣÿһ̾Լǳ´˾ͺˣܼٶ˵ʧƣһ£Цʵףȴλ̫ϳ֮С
һ򾢱Ϣȴֱӽ˸ɵˣ
ɶף
ֳЦһսǴµһ䷨
Ĵˣ
ڵֻһ뷨ģôͷˣ
Ц֮Ѫÿһ˶֪ŵ۵ӣҲúܡ
ЦǿƹЮµһֵɱƸǶ
ѹص֣ɾȻųӡ
ǳӶȻһΣһ̣ΪտȻо˽²ȡ
˼ʣ֪μ֮Цһ·϶ôĿ꣬ǳţʲôֵλ½µһһˣ
ǳǳظоڵĩգˡ
ǽղǰ˳֣֮Ҳ֮ЦҶЦħƣ
һ˳ҲϢһ¡
Ц
ҶЦ
ھᵽҶЦȻǲ뵽ЦҶЦֱ뵽λЦҶЦ벻λΧĸܣȻûֻթ
𶯣Ҳֻһ˲ʧˡ
УȴǷ˻ˣģѾͱ
һڣҪ֡
ڴ˿ȻѾ˲˳ǳץ֣ⲻܣҶЦѾˣôܸֵЦսʤ䷨췽ҹ̷Ϣ˭˵ģѶ˭
ЦǷûǷ֣ص㣬صֵҶЦȻӵд䷨ʵΪֲģϢ棬ҶЦӵ˸ʤս
ڻõ
֣ͷ󺹣Ͱ͵˵Լõ鱨
ƫƫ̬ŸӲڵķչ
ʱһֺˬʵĴЦȻ𣺡ЦѾˣܣǳô㿴˭
ͻȻ죬һ׳ӰͻȻ䡱һڵϡ
׳ൽ˼㣬һף˫Ŀ磬̤߹ÿһƺܹɽ𺳡ضҡ
ļͷϿŵǰδ󵶣ó棬ֱһ˶ս
ǳ۾ֱֱĿȥ߾һתͫ͵һ
һֻ̣оһԺһԶƵͷĿѣ
쵶
仰ǳѿڶˣͷ͵һ
ΧЦ򣬱ȺɱΪ֮Ц֮ս˺·׷ɱ
ڣҪЦˣȻͻȻ
Ǳ߲ŸոյЦţһսʤµһ䷨Ϣ֮УδüЦžͼһĺ쵶
⡭ѩϼ˪
Σجδ̫ҵһɣ
ЦǳڵĴϣû뵽ɣ
ǳһĿֿǰ֮ɫǰȴҪΣ
һЦҪΣڣѵɽˮô
һɱ֮


596 һ
ǳһͷãããжͷ˱ڣҿǷڣڵӣ󣬽ɱ
ǳˣοֵȣͬʵֻһǰڵδؾӦˣٻлᣬҶЦҲڴ˿̵ˣڲˡ
ҿ˷ֿˣ
һһǳһ뷨ܹȫĻ߷ΪȡһȻܶɱȵɱѶȲͬնƴȫδؾʼղߴд䷨ҶЦ
ҶЦĹϵҶЦտΪƴֻ꣬Ҫ֣ܱҶЦͷбȫڵĳ룡
ǳ뷨ȷоֻԼԱͬ˳ദȫȻƴۣ̫ϳȫԱ൱Ļᣬ
ǣǳǳж뷨עҪյģ
ǳǱ߶ֵ£һѩһĳХ̳𣺡ɱⲣǳǷôĿ
ѭȥȴһХһȻڰС
һʤѩ£һȾĿӢͦͦ罣ڿУƮƮ裬½
䣬ʵĹһڽڽҲѩ׵ġ
˵ͻأ֮һĺ磬ÿ˶ǸоһĪĺ⡣
ƺ˵ϣԴǧѩغ˪
һ֣ܶ˾ͽ˵˳
ͣѩ
Ͼڴ˵Уͺѩôһ°һ
񷣬򣬺ͺѩ
һԽԽ࣬ŷȨ޵ټ˶Ӹĵط˷ۡ
ټһڽ֮ս
ÿ˶˿
ȻԼ˵ԽԽ࣬ǳλ̫ϳԾ
ֻһ˳սֻ±ѾǲѷɫԼ֮еκһˣгֻԼ¾ʧء
ĵǣ޼ɵĶԼչɱ¾ȴ򲻸Ҷɱ֣˳ϣٶϮ
ǳ۲죬˳ΪսǷȴƺδ΢ֻ֮Ҫλ̫ϳλ֣Ʒ׽ֻ֮Ҫõ˳ͻƮƹαʣɱ亦Ϊƹ֮ԩ
벻ģ΢ʱ̣쵶Ȼճ֣Ҳڴ˿
ֻҲ£˳ǿƾ֮ȫѹˣȫ֮ǿӦ
ǳŴ⣬һУһĵڣȴֳһͺѩ
ʵʱǳϾѾһָоֵȣͬԸɽ嫺һʵѾԼ֮ˡ
ǿʼջûǸֻҪǳ֣ǿƺ⣡
Ǽѩ֮֮ǳΪ׵ϲͱˣ
ѩϵĸоȻͬԶ׼˵ΪȫԼ֮ϣ
˵ܻ׽ҪӮǰǣֻ¶Ѿ̫ʵˣ
ľ֣Ϲ֮࡭ڻٶ࣬ʲô壿
ϼȶ֮֮࣬𣬶ԷʵǿᣬҪܿ϶Ҫ֮ɱȴлᣬ˵ʼڣԼ΢֮ߣƴɱ¹˭֣δ֪֮
ˣ˴սһ
٣ХԶԶնһ˵Ҵ绹û㾹Ȼǰ֣
춯ӰһڳС
¹˪
ǳ̾Ϣһ
Ǵȥˣ
¹˪ĵͬʱ֣
ݣڴ۷֮ʱߴ۷뼯ڴˣҲδؿмܵˡ
ΨһʵܹͬʱӦôֵ¾ֻжƹ߻һ칬ǿӦߣֻ¹С
ڸߴţ϶ûһֵܹ
ǳĹ㣬ʵǰѩǵѾֻع֮ٵԪ۷壬Լ΢֮Ϊ㲻ȴδؾѩ磬֣¾Ƕ˫Ҳδֵܹס


597 ѹһ
ԹЦСҲô治ҲۿžҪ˽ȵˡ̲ס㿴ǸСҪˣҪǻֻ֣̲һ㡣
ǧ죬ǰ죬Ѿһ٣ɱ˲ˣҲͰˡȻĺ飬ûд㽫˼ҳšСɲһֱӾǱȥġ
ЦţǵȫɱˣҺҶЦ˭ȥʱͷʱ
¹˪ͻ֮ҲǸе쳣죬ϸ˳
СԶ׼ԿóҲֻʮ߰ˣҲᳬʮͣһΪȴǸĪ⡣Ϣƹ񹦣
治֪ƹʲôʱֳôһλ֣
⹦弶ֱ׷
ҪԼ֮ϣ
СͶֱۣǵڶ磬ȴ绹ҪһЩֱӾҪ찡
ڱ˴˺ѣǱȴһƬǰĽŻ֣̿пֻš
ȫ䱸ɽŴ⡭ǳŵţˣҪȫԸȻڣ¾ͳŲȥˡ
Ǳڽıȴһ𣺡ȻΪЦЦȴң
ţͬ£Խ߲ʡ
һȻӰңԶĸ߿Ʋ֮Уƻʵ죬ȽȽ¡
һƣӾϣƮ˼䡣
һŮˣһ绪ɫŮˣ
˳¹˪Ѿ˼亱еľɫǿŮӵʱԾɸоͷһ𣬷Щ˼
Ƭ£ȻôŮˣ
ܸȣ
䣬߹󣬵ţӺݣдŸǿ͸¶ᡭ
ŮˣӲҪĻôֻСŮ֮еŮˡݡ
ίʵѾȥѻĳ̶ȡ
ıӦŮ쳹ڿУڣǷҷЦѪծգ˸óʱˡ
ɩ˪ѾǵһμӦϧ֪ΪСӺʹɩ棬ȴǵһΡ
æǰ
ֻǶ˪öԣ¸һϲ治֪Ĵ絽ãȻܵ˾ҿһſҪĵĲ
ĳݺݵҲǰеòôôôôô
ɩˡѩЦţϽǰƨɩԽԽƯˡ
ӦЦ񣬵ѵֵܽǶˣڴҶЦллˡ
ҡ
Цã⻰ɾ˵¿ˡҵ£ǵ£滹С
ӦԵʱüͷͷб۾˭أ
ӣţզǡ
ӦӦýҴɩ
ҡӣŴҪ˵ҶЦҪ󡭡
仰ûü˵ڣӦѾֱӴʦȥǱǻᣬòʦǽʦʦİɣ
ͷ˲ʱһĺߣ⡭
ҿɼǵúĳ˿ǺڰĽСʦأ²Һ˵ɡ
Ӧ˵
ҡͷתŵ޷˵
ȷ£ԼҲȷʵôй˵ɶҲ޷ϵġ
ɱϹҺҶЦһˡҪôͽҶЦʦ壬Ҫô͡
ӦüЩֵĿҪٸҲűɶҷ
ˡ
ˣ˪ûкѩҲˡ
űӣ۾Գ˵ǸòЩԡôһ˵ҪҶЦ磿
ӦǺЦһҪҶЦʦĻҲԣЦЦҲ⡣
ʱȻͷЩͷתĵҺܽ⣬еΣ롭
Ӧ˵ʲôģνȻǰǴ˼ˣѡˣ
ȴǸˡ
ҶЦ˾ûûС֮ܽҲûеϸ۹͵⣬뵱ҴҲ뵱磬վףҪԴһЩȻȻҲͳ˴硣
ûһ¶ŵ̨ϣҿƣҪֱӶ˵
˵ҶЦԲܽ磿Ӧȷȷ𣿡
ͷȷ
ȻȷǾͽЦЦʦɣЦЦ϶ǲģӦЦȻ


598 ս
Сʦ塭ɶզСʦأֵཻզƾհһأⲻУƲСΣѾҲˡ
оԼòǳ˴ˡ
ʲôƾհһʦ壬ЦЦҵˣ㵱ȻùЦЦСʦ壬һ£Ǳ㣻ô򵥵飬㾹ףӦӺݵЦţȴǲơ
һߵĺѩᶼҪˬˣ
۸Լһ·۸ѩֻоͻȻ˱ˬĺëҲˬſˡ
ɩǴɩ⻰˵оݣ̫ˣǾͳǾЦЦҵˣ˭У˭У
æſڲ磬磬ɱǧ򷸺Ϳˣ´ɩ˵öˡ밡ֻǽһ磬ȴܽȥ¶ı˰
ѩȻͽƺӴĳ˶硣
ٶȣҲû˭ˡ
תͷŭĿӣĿɭȻ֮ȫΣѩʱ˸ȴǼСܾáɩ˵еҪ֣ϴʦʵҲаϾԼѡǡ˵ЩüĿ⡣
ѩת´ϲΪʲôأҪϴʦĻôԼҲʦһģ
һ뵽ԼȻʦ壬YYһĳ˹ԼʦĻ棬ĳĵصǷˬֱױȵĿο¼ģʽȰʵҲٵöļֵĶˣǲҵģһʦ͸һʦ塭˵ǰɣɩ
һĥźѩҪСʹһ١
ȻǶԺѩŵЩ£֪
˪º壺Ҳ治Ǹ£Ҵ֮Ǵ磬ΪءΪտ¸أݽ겣ı㣬ϼ޻ţʵ˵ҴӦô磬Ȼӹɵġ
Զʱӵˡ
ҿѾͷһŸҶЦСӴ˶೤ʱ䣬ǴһϿҶЦصģˣ¸ƣϼ޻ǱȽϵģ
ãű˵ˣСӵɡ
һ̾Ϣȴǰᣬƣġɶ
Χ۵˳еԼˣ⼸ˣʲô˰һԼǿһǿߣ֮ʣȻ˼ҵڲӰΧ֮£أö֮˭˭С⣬ҪΪִòֺࡣ
˳Ƥĵô˶ˣȴܹ˳Ϊʦ𡭡
һˣ֮ĵʱԽΧ֮⣬ͻȻһȣʦΪ㱨𣡡
󽣹ƾո֣ƥһ㼱նһҲƹâշ䣬֮ͻȻ併䣡
񹦣
棬ڷѾгɴԴ˶֪ξȥͷÿ˶ǲȫԸһХ֮£ǧǶɵĽ
˳çĴȻδԪ۷֮ϵ΢֮ΪѾȫΪУʹ磬ٲС󵶣δˣԼ״һǴ޹ȻĪ֮ˮ١
ʼǵ֮һмŵ֣ǧ˽󣬾ɼǧ˹Խķʽһ˳һȻѼǧ˽أǵ޷˵ʤ˼ǿ֮
һƴ˳ǵΨаն񣬷Է֮ˣ˳çĴѾãһԣǿӦನˣնҲˣ
ʱʲôĳǿҲãһ֮ǿǧ֮У֮
ȻȻ콣Ҳζžս޲ʤ޲ˣ
Ҫ֮͡ĬϣһܾͽҽĹоԣԽڶĽƶԽѣ©ά裬ղŵһƴǧ˽Ȼռƣʵδȡðʤһ߸˶һܵ˳ľսľ
ۼ˳һʧ
ŪãҲǣôÿһСһǧҵ
Цշ𣬺Ȼһ׺һȥڣծɣ
¹˪Ӧѩͬʱ֡
֣ʨӲ֮ƣǿƳӪ


599 ݿ
ڵĻɽǧ˽󣬹Ȼףȴƶά裬εסλǿ˷ĹƣֻüٷǹƣѾǿƳ֮ڣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ĿѪ죬ͷҹ
ˣһ£ֺһɴƫˣЧ
ӦȻ̸Ц޼ɣʵϣѹ˵ŭѾԶƵĵز
꣬Ϊ˰ռ˲ҵǿƱˣ׶ܴ죬֪Է£ҪһıɱȺк֮ΧЦ꣬ȷʵƴ󣬱أ򱾾ȭͷǵ磬ʵǿأǴ˼ʣʱף¹ǨѾ㹻ʵôѪծҪһҲٵģͳͳһ
һ㣬ҲУ
ססǳ裬
кеסţǧ˽ƣֻƸӣ߻ճڣǱѾһǿᵶӭһǳСӸסס
һ⧲ǳһƴ֮£ȴ˴ɼʮɣĺˣȻڵһĺ
ѩ֮ȴǼʱΪ֮塣
һ߽˼סһԼȴȫ֡
ֻǣ˵֮䣬ȴ˭ܹһ֮ȵסأ
ڵ޵е΢裬ȫһž䷨棬Ҳ޷סģ
붯ͬͷͦǧ˽󣬸Ϊ֧ţ
ǧ˽ر˴ϣƶγǧ˺֮ƣ˼ǧ֮൱ģ룬λܷӳĹżЩ΢޷˵Ĺӻһʱ䡣
̫ϳϣۼƲ׷׼սţϧһ֮£ͷ׷ѪˣˤȺ֮С
Ӧ֮ͬһΪϲ¥ҶЦ֮ǰһԼ΢֮ԣŶԷǧҪΪӦ΢ֻ֮ášСΪνġšȴǿɴСģ΢Ҳɺۣ纮ԷʱһָţԺ׶ԷĹƣͬǸţԷһָţУȵļ֮Ȼ̫ߴһ㣬ԾǺԾڡš֮ڣ
ȻӦĿǰ磬Ǹĺ൱ľ룬ȴ̤ǰУ
ҶЦڴ˵ĻһԾӦļ֮֮Ӧļ֮ȴٰ΢Ԫ߲εİ壡
˴ξӦּ֮һ־ֱӺڶϣԺನӰ˪öսλϣսּʱ΢Ĳ죡
˪ŮȻһֱҶЦߣȴΪԵʣûеõֻعһΪδͻԵĽһֿ޷֮ɱͻֱ½λ϶ı֮˫ս˪ñص㶢֮ˣѽս֮λ֮еλǿи˪ãԽսֳУ
սȷǾӦĳ֣ȴս΢Ĳ죬ನȻֻԳλϵĶ͹Ϣʱ䶼ûУֹУ֮֮˪þͳһ΢ͣ٣ǳ֣˲ʱشϣ
ǰ罫ע峤֮ǳϣϣȻ޿ٴν֮ˣ
峤һˣܴںѩ֣֮ѩʱ侭ѺõкʵȾ΢Сɣڵǰؽ磬ֻˣûܴ峤һˣûüѩγ֣ѱѩһƴɣ
ΪѩΪˣ˧չͥŲĳݣûгǳֹһƴɣ촦߾Ȫ
ϼսţƬ̾뱻ˣڵ˶ԣΪ޴ģλ϶һǵĵֿ
ͷ˲˵ͷ˳˱ֵĸζ̫ŨңȫȻأٵаϵڵӶеͶ˼ҰŵģͶҲˣǾְ֧ɣܶһһ̣
ϧ̶սԾڳһ߷չ
սУɽźȻһٶȱ飬ƬأҲһ㣬͵ȥ֪ж
ͬѪ·ÿһڳݣڽαѣ
Ȼͬ򣬵Ѫ·ĳȴֱָ壬ͦŭ⴫ڲɱ䣬ɣ
ƻ


600 ҶЦ
ڵӣڵ˾ߵ˲䣬ʹʧȥ˵صʬЩûģްԥɽ֮ķ񱼡
ڵƣÿ˶
ڣ֮Ѿ޿ת
ǿ֧ȥȴ¾ĪϽ뿪֮أȻɱѾȥˣںĲôᡭôԼϽʲô
ɱ
ô
ĵֻ޵ȣˮһ㱼ӡ
˿̴ͷΪͬΪܴѶԷɣ
ˣˡǳȺնشվۿɢһĻɵΡȻ̾һݺᡣ
֪ˣαصһ
ѩѾɱ˽ȥĿֱָ壬ڵͳ֮Ȼң߱ӦеˣôȴǴӺζ
ﻰ˼òôҲԼأ
ǳһ̧ͷѭȥֻԼǰ֪ʱһ꣬ݿ㣬ͦΣһƬѪ֮УһȾվԼǰĿ⣬ôûκαĿԼ
˭ǳ̲סһѪΡΡʵʲôˣ
ȻúܣϸȥһȴǺ̺ΡɽҪκβ¶ȣǳѾȷ꣬Ȼһ֡
ң˵Ŀ̶ֲȣֻűѾԼɵˣҪֲ
ҶЦҶЦĮȻĿ⣬λڵ̫ϳϣҶҵЦӣҲǺҶ⣬һЦҶЦ
ҶЦҶЦǳͫ׵ʱ󣬼޽عǰ꣺Ц
ҶЦͷ
ǳ쳣ŭĴҶЦ췢һУĻŲ
ҶЦüһĵ˵˴ζ治ģǡҵȷɣ˵˵ĻŲҲ޲ɡ
ҶЦǳԷߺ޵ݺݵ˵ڽңټһãǰδеĶ̬֮У˼ֵͿ̿΢ĩ֮㾹ȻΪһ֮˽ͼڡ
㣡㾿ûаԣ
ǳŭ⣬챬
ҶЦĶŵȵʱ棬۾ǺǳɭȻǳΪڵ̫ϳ֮ʱ˿̣㾹Ȼ˵ôϵĻ⵹Ҹо֮࣬ҪԸ¹Ŀ࿴ֱղһ̣Сڵĵһˣ
νԴʼϷѵһС˼ǳѪԼߣĳԽѵʬ壬ŭںγŴɣڵĿǰҲΪ֯Եʶ䲻ҲЩ֯ĵˣ
̧ͷݺݿҶЦ˴˾ʲôޣҲһ֮ΪʲôҪѡʱǶ֣ҶЦѵоֻгޣûа²ѣ
һʴ壬ΪΪϯϣҶЦڽЦЦϧⷬûʵ˵ʣֻܺŪŪԼΪⷬҿԺܸĸ㣬¼κһ˶˵ǷʸҶȨɣΨڣǳţ϶ûκʸ˵˵Ļĵ֮ֻһЦ޸ˡ
Լ֪Լ£ڴɽŵʱΪռĴƬɽΪɽ֮еǿбǨ˵ԭסز˵²
룬ԸǨƣȻͿʼ˹һʱ⣬˵ؼԭסþֻʣ¼ʮҴձ뿪Ƭ򡣡
Ȼڣɽ֮أһ䣬ǵпǹͿ̿տ𣿡
Զ˵գ˵ģһǧ߰ǰڿһʯʱ˵ΪõصطկӵУڳǧ֣һҹ֮䣬կɱøɸɾȻڸõԲǧﷶΧ֮ڣ߾綾Ƭ֮ڵϰͨˣڷЩ飬ǳҸ˵㲻֪𣿡
˻ԶԶûᣬǸ߲ȥʬۼԨ֮ͻȻʼֲʬ֥ٺ١ǳʬ֥ôģʲôطֲܲ⣬ҪҽһԵҪô
ǳɫҰֽ۾ǾֵҶЦȻֵĲ죬ҶЦɢ֪µģ


601 մ
˵֮УڣǷʲôöʲôõطͻֱ޳ΪֶΣкƽ伫Ļȡɵ档
ڵĵطǿϣΪĿģǿȡᣬɱ˱ռɽ塭Ϊˣϧ¾ׯ԰İա
ڣǴ֮Уɱƽգɱ޹ߣԶĲ˵ֻ֮УѾɱ¾飡
ҶЦɭ˵ǳһ䣬ʲôʸ񣬻ڱʲôʸ˵°գνͿ̿ѵĿԴͷѵôΪǣͿ̿
ʱգΣʱ̣²˱˲ɱǵɣ˵޵УҲеްɣѵ˵澹Ȼȫûе޵𣿣
ҶЦЦЦЩ׼ɱ飬ǡ֪ĿǰΪֹԵĶȫɱ¾ĶΪߣƽտν޷Ҹҵĵ飬֯Ǹټһ൱ϵʱ棬ɱȫһɱô࣡
Ǹ֯ȻҪǵжԣܲǣڲ֮ǰȴһҪȲǣ޹غ黳ҴҲǴҪǣֻΪһԵУҲġ
ǲܹҽ󱳽еѡ
ɣźã֮ˣ
ҶЦЦЦָԶڿնỤ̃˵ôѾˣʷ֮С
֣һָɢӣֻ޴ˣ˵ʱ˿̣ǵĵӣ˼ҲѾɥʧɵľꡭ㿴һΣ֮ܵö죿Ҹ˵ֻҪ˵һ䣬ȡµʮߣɵû·ڽһ֮ڣ׸ǲţ
ǳԴһٶһѪί֮
оˣ߳ŭˣҶЦ俴Ҳ߲ǣǸоˡĪı磬һǿѰһھպýȫˣڣעһϮ޽ҡ
ǳһҶЦҵ֮䵽ⲽأȫǰͣϷƴˣϷҲҪһ·
ͻȻһԾ𣬺һ
УȻѾѪɫ
۾ķ⡣
Ȼȫ޻⣬֮ˡҶЦ䵭Ŀһĳȥ˵ɣڡ
飡
ǳ˺һƲһķɳȥҶЦƮƮһ֮£Ȼձɿռ䣬˻촷ۡ
ߵͷȫ飬ǳͬһž޴ײڴҵһ棡
һӣڵ괴֮ʱɵһԼλ졣ֻҪһ죬ȫӣڸʲôҪʱ֣ͣѸټϵĹ㳡֮ϣȴź
ԽһڽѾΪڵ
ȻӽЩѾѵ죬ÿ굽˼ʱ˵Ծɻڴ˹ݣȻһΡ
ƣѾڵľ֧
Ȼʱգʱ˿̣ȴһλڵĳϵ壬ͬһ㣬ݺݵײ˽档
һ
峺ͬĺĳһ㣬ڷԲǧ򣬾š
ϵرټ춯֮ʣһӦӣȴڻŲ·ɢӣûκ˿ϻͷһۣƺȫ壬š
ڴĽӣڵһ֮󣬡䡱һ׷飬
ںģڵŴ֮Ȼ̮
̳֮
֮У˳һХʦڣѾûˣӣΪˣ
Хֱ÷Ƽسң
һ̣еĽȻֳĿ޷⻪漴Ϊɵľ޴âڵɽһ䣡
һ˳ȫΪ
Ժ춯أʯ쾪ľһɱһ
ǡ䡱һ죡
˶壬мλȻһ˿ѣٹƬ̣ѵĺۼԽԽԽԽܼšꡱһ죬αѣǿѺи߲ɫֳ߲ɫһ磬˷ȥ
֮󣬸һӵصðϰգûһ־޴̫󣬹âɡ


602 Ŀ
ֻһ˲䣬ʹ˳׵ʧȫȫɢ˿УӰ١
һ˲ĿǰҴڵӣһ⣬оƺԼУʲôˣҲˣ
ѹڵ֮࣬ڸղšȫһ֮£׵ɢˣ˪̾һ˳˵֮һɢǸˣպڵ¾ۼȴҲڣ˺ľֻһʷˡ
˳һĿɣˣͷ֮ޣ
ºʹ
ľ֣¹˪δ棬ûжţ̲ס档
Ȼ˪ŮҲ˳Ĺƹһ·¹Ʈƹ֮ͬһŶƮƹһɸ֣֪֪ףȴû˵ƹʲôʱֶôһλְ
˪оһһԼκһˣֻ¶СĶ֣Ҫʤһ֣
һλ۷ΣҲܽϢܰ
ּˡ
һʵһµҶЦɽ۾Ȼ֡
˳һ˿ȻԭҶӡ
˪ºе磬ˡ
УȫȻûεϲ
ѩҲŻһҶϴ󡣡
Ӧ˼û˵ĿͣҶЦϣ۾˵֡
˳һ𣬻Ȼ̧ͷҶЦ㡭ǡ
ҶЦͷʾĲ²ȷ
ԭЦ˳ɲǼ佫ϢȫҶЦͬڵĵεΣеĲ²⣬е룬һ˲Ȼ
˿ͻתֻԼ˵ԼҪʲô˼
žӦ¹˪Լѩı֣˳ǻףǾ̫Ӧˡ
ǵģϲ˹ñ𡣡ҶЦ˵
ٶ˳ʵֹҶЦҲе㲻֪Լ˵ʲô
˳תͷԶ㡭һš
Уᣬźưջ䡣
һ̣ĸӳ̶ȣ˳һҪȥĳ嶯޾ɬ㯣ʹᣬΣ
ܻžžܣ죬Ӳ·Բ
Ѿˡߴ̫ϳϣһǧԪ֣һҴ桭ĺ󱲵ӣ˼ҲѾǱߡ
ҶЦ̽˵ЩѾߵڵӣͲҪϾɱ˰ɡ
˳ʶĽӿڵá
һľӦƺеزʲôĿ⣬ҶЦ˳߳һĨζ΢Ц
ǡʱͻȻ˵׼ǰǳֻľˣղ˵ǳҲ˺ʦԪ֮һͬ顭ǹﲻĻͬǰΣұ˴֮䣬ҲиӦ
˳Ȼҡͷ쳣ʧ˵ˣлǰ⡭ǰȥǡ
˵ţǿסᣬ񣺡նлλڶڣȴ޳Ϊڴ˾ʹ˸ˡ
Ц˵ʵ̫һγּ֣ҲΪ˸Լ𣬴ʷᣬͬ飬ʵ˵ǰ˹˵ĵˣ㲻ѣҲ־ͬϣͬ
˳ǿЦһҶԣ֮ʼǰҴæԣһлҲҪġ
תͷɨҶЦһۣ㡭㣬ء
ͻȻˡಡһӷУšһէ죬˳Ӱһʹɽ۾֮ϳʧӰ
УΨȻ䡣
ҶЦҪ˵ʲô
飬ȴɲɵȻġ
ȻֻӴҶЦȴƸͬܵᵽ˳ิҲ̲סͷһᣬ̾Ϣһ
Ӧǰĵôǲܣ
ҶЦ̾˿ûֻо˿龹ԵĳأȫްĿ⣡
λüĿ续ԣǵϣ¸ҹ˵Ů֮УΪĽɫѵóôÿȴҼ
Ӧ˵ѵõǣλһ飬νĿáҶЦЦˡ޸ǳҲ֮һɡ
ҶЦҡͷЦ治ǣҿûǵ뷨
ӦЦЦɱѻ˵̫ڿǷ֣㹴СˮƽԽԽǿأ˵ҪҪģʵȴǺܶƵģµ꣬ϵǧ꣬ͨɱ
ҶЦһЦűӣû˵ôá


603 ѩ
Ӧһʵλᣬȴһ׵ΪΪѾ¹˪ҶЦܸѲ˹ϵɣ
ҶЦ̹ȻͷµǲʱΣҰٰ޼֮£ѸιһֻعԵֻعδˡ
ҶЦ£ʱǶеԾʱְ˳޷ɵĹҩ˳棬ʱˣ
Ӧ̾˿ţԭǡǳıԸ㣬Ȼ׷ɱʦͽ֮еͽܣ
ҶЦȻ˵գʦҲˣ̣ܲȣ˵ȴûеġ
˵ţҲ֪Ϊε̾˿
˳Թһ
ӦҲĵ̾˿ãû˵ûо͸ղŵĻⶵ
ѩЩ䡣
Ȼļʾο
ѩ̾Ϣ
ɱʱһŮӳڻӣƼ
Ƽ󺮱ѩ֣ѩܿƼ׷𣬿ధ
ѩѵҪ𡭡ƼĽںѩлص
һƬԼŮӣѩΣҲ֡Ȼ֪Ůխ֪ŮĺԸ񱣬ɱ顣
ǣŵǷ飬ѩҲġ
ӱײһ̣ƼȫķˣҪ޽еȻˣһɣ
Ȼһźѩ
ѩ⧲һܵĴ̳Ƽһ˺ѩأѩĽȴҲƼš
ѩͺˡ
ΪƼĽȻ˽ȥȴûз
ϣһ̾ȻȫջأֻƤ֮ˡ
Ƽһ̣ȴĿн
ʱ̣̻УƼ۽׷ɣճյĿźѩ૵ҽܼΪޣнܺãܺˡ
ѩȥסеƼǺοࣿοࣿ
̲ס
꣬ڽϾƼϺ׷һĻһĻٴǰ֡һĻĻô
ƼѪԭһ壬ɢӰ٣ֻһɳᣬǺȵѩʵҡͺˡ
ҲͼɱҪռҲޣôıơҸһŭ֮£޸ڻ졭
Ҽ޸ڻһ̡֪һжˡ
ѩҰ㣬ҡ
ƼϢˡ
ѩҪ͹ȥ
ƼһȴԶ˺ѩ૵롭쳾磬
нҵԸ
ѩ
Ƽ۾ϣξӨ飬۽ǵ䡣
Ȣ𣿡

ѩʧǣɱУһʱ䣬Ŀտյ
ŮӣխԸɰԼһƬ飬ȴδġ
ΪԼϵضݺԼߵĺգΪԼɽ׷棬ΪԼǧɽˮͿİ桭ΪԼȢޣһŭ֮£޸Լϲˣȴˡ
񣬾һУȴô
Լ£һ
֮ǰֻһ仰Ʈ
ѩȢ𣿡
ѩͻȻоһָγϡ
֪ôش𣬵ôشˡ
ԼڵѪԼѾѿѪһεε
ѩ쳤Х£
ѩţմһԼ仰
Ȣ𣿡
УƼɫ񾲣ƽպ۾һƽĳ˯Ȼѩ֪Ҳ
һߣֵ棬ƽûоʲôŮ֮飬һ̣Ҳܸܵѩеʹ
վֵߣ顣
ţʹеֵܡ

֮ڴ
ͨĿڣҶЦҲ֪£ڴ£ҶЦΨԵĺѩļһ仰Ҳû˵
ĵûο
ܸģǣֵǶߣ㡣
羰ȥ
ֵܣҪ뿪

פصȻȫٵڳ˳ȫһ֮һգȫһƬ𣬾㻹ʲôмֵĶҲջˡ
ҶЦѹûѰʲôֱɽˡ
һ·ϣΪ˴˼ľñط꣬һ˵껰״̬
˪º˷ܣһ·ߴߴͣ磬ʢ䷨ֵ֣ܵûл˼֪ôģ첻˵ˣ䷨ʵǷͬСɣܰܣ⡭


604 С
öʹҶЦստǣǵͬȹϵڽȴΨֵȵجĴȴû뵽ǣյľȻҶЦһٻ䷨ֵ֣ɱ졢䷨̳Ⱦ׵ս
Ϣһ̣ȫԼĶ䡣
һӦǣⲻܣԲܣ
ԭܼ򵥣ı£ʱ;Լߡ
˴Ϣٶȱȷ绹죬һ˵бۡģֱԼ侳ĲߣûҪ˿˿ۣľ֡
˪ºʼȫţŰɣٵİ˳ţֱ˿̿ҶЦ֮󣬲ȫʵ
ֻǣԾɺǲ⡣
ͲǵĶ֣һδʤ䷨ʵ֮ǿѾǿһ˼ĸ߶ȣ粻ʤһһӣսǲ˼飡
Ϊǿߣ˪ÿ֪ͬĳǿ֮䣬и֮𣬵ֻҪ𣬾в״֣䷨ֵȽ϶ԣȻ䷨֮ʵвֻ࣬ȫˣ䷨֣Ҳ޿صӶݣڽս֮вܼʱߵԭڽսУܴ״̬ȫĿܣ
ʵϣҶЦվս״һܣ˪òŻҶЦɱ䷨ֵ֮˵ʼձлɣͨ⵽ôһ£
ô£ڼĹԼҲû뵽ˣһжпܡҶЦо£ĵ޷͡
Լֱ˵ʵһΣһشɣҩΪȵͻǣľͻƣ
ڻڲϵͻͽ
£˵ҲŰ
ıģҪ˵ˣҶЦԼԼһΣȻͻˣΪǣо綼ŲͻƣƷ϶Ҫ찡
ҶЦƣԼôͣԼһӦץסһһ٣ѾҪ죬Ǵţƴܲܶ⣬һдţƣ
ǣʵ˰
ֻһȻпᣬȴΨһ࣡
֪ʵʵ˵ֻӲ˴ҶЦҲֻúģҪº£һ벻ϣΪ˫˫ͻơܹսʤ䷨죬ʵʵڵĽң֮ҡ
ôһ˵˾ͻȻԲӡ
ڵص㲻ĳĳϺòãص䷨±òãʲôҪΨнصòã
˪ºʱý磬ڲµһ֣
˪ŮԣԼ̳ԼܹҪӿĻ䣡
ҶЦûü˵Աߵһ˵⻰ɲ̫ߵ¶ۣӮ䷨һ£˵µһȴΪʱ磬ûиҴ֮ǰͷۡ
仰ʱ˫İۡ
˪ºӦ
˪Ϊ绶ϲԱȻбۿĳˣ
Ӧ̬˪ûͬ˪ȣʱܶ˵סȴڹ̣ʱ۾ȵ˵СӰôҶʦ˵أѵʦôʦصûûСûû٣̫ûأǷܽˣ
һŴֺʱ˿ϣЩԹضҶЦ૵Ǹ
ҶЦھӦҲĪԣʶͷʵžӦ
Ȼǣʣ
⡰СӡǺηʥզôأֱĽɳƺСһʱಮ٣Ӧ⵽Ǻȳ˭أѵ˵ʲôҶʦ壬ⶼǴ۵أ
ʣ
Ȼ±ˣȫ֪νӿڣǸʲôʲô
ҶЦתһ룬εȴȻ˲ʱͨڼḶ́ʦŸıԨԴĸߣ꣬ǧøõҲδضϡӦΪıǰλߣҲǸߵף˼ӦǱ߳һáСӡƺ
Ȼ˿̣ҶЦȴЩ⣬ӦΪλôأ
ܾӦĳΪԼԼѹ²ĨɱҶЦΪ˵ϣӻ˺Լ֮ǰ꣬ĽҶЦּҶЦ޷ܵģ
ҶЦڵûоûн䷨Ǹһˣֵʲôµһֵñʵ̫ҿûյȫգûҪսôѩ벻ҲսһѰҪӮңĶ˫ˡ


605 뷨
ҶЦô˵ȴûа취֮еİ취˾ӦΪ֮ģ˺ֵ֮֮飬ֻòעתƴ󷨣ʱתƣ
Ӧ״̾˿˰һһĳٶۣЦЦ㣬ΪڲֶεĴѹĺֵȴСҾӦĽ󻳣
ҶЦ𾪣ǰľӦ˲ʱһ䡪
˼ʵԵЩأʱ˿̣ʱգֵƽĹؼʱ̣Ǵж֮ʱȴ۵ŵµһϣ۽ʵ̫ˣڣ˭µһĺô˼ֵҶЦ䷨Ȼȡ䷨λ΢ʱ̣Ǵ˿̣ҶЦǸһټ˱ӵеӰΪԿƽٵ
ˣѵûзʵѾһ൱Ӵ൱ɹ۵
ı¹ƹк󣬻кˡХ²ǵȵȡֻҪ˵ǸһȻнɢ޻ȺӦ
Ȼ£һңôƱزˣȻͦһȥǸʱ˭Ϊ˭ΪԵ÷ǳҪ
ΪһսΪǣֻ֯ʤܡһˣٲ
޶գ޶һ֮УֻһǬٶϵ϶ϲϴ󡭡һͳ⡭ֵܣԭȵδϾᣬȫ⣬Ϊһ쵼ҶΪִţϣһҪ֮ȷȨĹ
ҶЦ˻䷨սǰƬ£Ѿȷô˳£˵ͷˣǽɢԸڡ
ӦҶЦ䷨֣˵һ㣬֮ڵ£Խƽ٣Ҫ˭˭ͷ⣬ֵֻ֪꣬ڳʱĳƺҪעһġ
ҶЦԶ˶ٲŵûǸҪɡ
ͷǳбҪȻˣӴԺҾͽˡֻ˭µһҪи˵ȵһνѽ֮ٴһʱ˭µһб˴֪
ҶЦ죺úúãǿˣҪǲһᣬܲ¿ƢǸĲˡ
Цʵһ仰˵Ĳͷţֻʺһ˵Ǿ޶˵˳ᢣ˵ʲôġ
˵ˡɫֵĸԣҶЦΪҵ£ҶЦﱼϧΪУձ˸顭
ڻصֵ֮ҵңΪˣҵ鵤Ҳظ۷Ϊܸһ
ֵ֮飬֮⣬֮УĲƸ
˭˭Сûʲô⣬ҺҶЦǹ¶˭Ҳ֪Լľ˭˭Сǻֵܡõֵܣ
У빲ֵܡ
˸˵
ܽΣδΣһ˶У빲ֵܣ
ҶЦЦ
Ȼ˶ΪӦȻʼ̫СδС̲סһŮ˾¶࣬˳
ӦЦˡ
γ֪Լȷʵʵǿʶ˵Ϊ˴ֳȻ֮ǰ䷨ǲ׳ⷬǵģ
۸ִСãӦʼҪΪҶЦ룬ΪҶЦŮˣҪԶࡣ
ԼҪͷأҪΨһҪӢۣҪ
ʱգҶЦȻѾ߱ΪŮˣȻҪ취˳ƶΪ˳ˮۣҶЦܹߵøԶɵøߡ
ҶЦֵ֮񣬲ں˭ϴ˭϶ͷһ㣬ӦȻһ㣬ԸˬΪ˶ԣȻŵ㣬ΪһĻⲻϸ£չ˵ֵܽܵϸ¡
ҶЦȴ㵽
߿Զ˵ֵܽšһսȴδ
֮ΪȴΪ˧ҶЦȴԳΪϸͳ˧ں½֤
ǵǰҶЦ֮Ҫ쳾죬һҪһƱһһոµľ޴棬һʼͰѻĻպһ⣡
ԾӦֿǿƲķʽ¸һ棬𣬶ҲҶЦǿģȷڣں쳾ĽܹȷԼɢ
һֱۼһһֱں쳾죬ܹ߳ƣһ


606 ȥǳ
ҶЦǶĽɢޣûʲô쵼ߣӦȴǵı꣬һ棬Ҫö࣬Զ
Ҷ޼һĻһӦڽкã̾
ʲôֲ۹⣬мأδòã
ΪֻӦ֪εԶδ쳾ӰǺεȵľ޴󡣸Ӳ֪մٳʵҲڽգٳ֮󣬺쳾һβഫ棡

Ѿǳ׷ˣ
֮µϢ
˵ЦҶЦֳ徣һµһ䷨չս䷨һλͬ𳬼ΧЦհֱЦɱ䷨ˣѣ
Ϣδڽм졣
֮˷̬֮֮̾˴¶С
ϢȶȸոʱִһͬϢ
ЦҶЦͬƽֿкıӦ˼㺮ѩԼ¹˪ˣɱڣһҹ֮䣬ڳΪƽأ
ڸ֣˴
ߴ֮һڣѾ򽭺г׳
Ϊʷʣ
ٶȷڡ
Ϣһһһ߹һʵ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬ЦҶЦ쵶֣
򣬴ССĵطڴ˵¡

˭Ҳ֪ˣһ·ĵǳŽ
һأһΥС
Ϲ׷һ£ˣȫԱΣ
Ŀ꣡ǳţ
ϴչж
֮ǳҲΪһʷʣ
һ£˵ʱһɫϺڴԭϣı̳һ·¡¡ǳŵķǳɽųս⣬һǰȥ
̤ƽǳţ

һ
ɽС
һ֮ͷҷվڸߴУ˸źһĹʡ
Ҷϴûֳ御ٶɺ쳾𣿣
ϴ󣬾Ҫȥ𣡡
һսԵᣬһΣȴǾƲٴˣ
ҵĻǣһǰ̤ƽǳţ
ء
ء
̤ƽǳţ
ڴڸߴ·ɽХÿ˼ϣһöͷࡣÿ˶뺷ɱ硣

ǱδǲԹǣһǺ𳹳գһȣһ
ءɱȥ
أɱȥ
ǧԹȺ໹ֽţƳˮһĳ˳ȥ

¹»ʴӱϳ֣ش·λػ¹еԪƷϸ֣ȫҳ
УĿЦȻֻǵܹսʤ䷨ǿʵûҪô󶯾ǱµòҪ֮ϽһΪ
ȵһԹ˽֮󣬿䡭ʵҲϡʱĿҪתź֯ˡһۣϵشйδȻ¹ǣΪΪ⣡
һ£¹ٸ֣ƮƮ붯һ޴İƣɽȥ

ıŮӾ´磬ж߳š
ǰս߽ܶߣȫԱ
Ϊһ׳ɫ
֪ıȻŮӣͬеıѪͬԡѪս
һʱ䣬ķ´ҡ

һ֮ϡ
һ˻ں֮УХȴҲɢĺôվˣƺѾ´ɽͷһ
һɫΪơ
˿̣Բһ⻪
һ¸ϢѸٻܵ
ǺʼһܵϢѾԺйһ顣
ãǺ˷һߵǻûдٳȻԼȶȴɻЦĶȻ֮⣬Ҳǽɢޣ֮
һ£˵ֻǣٳЦҶЦôǿ𣿡
֮֡
һӰϢĳˣȻΡ
ھ״ôˣʵ
Ҳû̫ı䶯ǺӰĻػ翣˾ҵĸһ㣻ҶЦһ߼ΨƲ󣬼ɢϢӰ棬ֻ֮ϰԶˣ֣ڲ׽Ӱ
ԣǰĳֵúܡӰ˵
嶼ʲôˣɭʵ


607 ȥ
ƹˣ¹ˣıҲˣ칬ȻδȴҲڼ⣬˺ͲǶ˶Ц͹ϵǳǻж⡭
Ӱ䣺оǣĸңҲ˸ԵĶ˴˿ʼϵϣȻЩˡ
ߴ֮УһǳֻҲڲ˶ˡ
Ψ֮еĺҶЦҶ֮ʱͶʦڣ˫ϵ൱ǢӦñ˴˴ĳ̶ֳȵ½⣬벻ᱻǵּᣬּڷǡ
µ֮УʱֻжԾɰһоվɡĳ˸ԵĶȻʱδڻսԱʱ֮衣
Ӱ鱨̵ķʽ˵˳
˻ͷ䷨ˣ
Ӱǣ䷨ˡˡ
һûټ˵
ãɽ˵䷨죬һһɣҶЦôǿ
Ӱһ£´ݲαҪԳȥ̽̽ĵף
ȥҲã֪֪ˣܰս˵ܸо䷨ܵˣֻЩΡ
ȻзôǵһƻǷҪһ̶ȵĵأӰ˵
ǻҪѪꣿ˵ʵ
ھܲһ̳Ӱ֮ٻҪﱸߵԪѪꡣ
̾˿ԪѪꡭ
ĬƬ̣άֲ䣬ץʱ佨ڶѪ̳һϣ㿪ʼɨҡһ·ѹȥ
ߣ𣬻Ԫ꣬Ѫء
ǣ
֪ͨѪ棬̨ǱһҪץʱ䣬ҪһЩͷôץʱȥν˼̫࣬˼ֻ̫Ը
ǣ
Ϭ񣬾ͬһݺύһĮȻƺߣУֻһ̨ܹĻʯ̳ĵԪ飬˶ѡ
ɱĵҡ
ǡ´֮󣬾ȥѰҶЦˣ֪ϻʲôԸ
ֻһ㡣˶һ£еĿĽֹ̽ಫеķֱ𣿡
ס
ӰһŤټ֮ʱĹ졣
ԾԭվţƺһһζôվţһֱˡıƣӲ
ʼһֱעԶ۵׾һƬɫû֪ʲôӲ֪ڿʲô
꣬һ԰ֵĺӰɽϡ
ڣܹõսж٣ͷҲأʵ
ֲڸѵأܹʮɡֵĺӰ˵ֻЩ֣Ϊձ鲻ߣ󶼶ԪƷңԸһЩģԪ˾ƷܹԪߣҲֻҡ
˵Щ֣ȫȥ
ǡֺӰͷ
ǧﱸڵһ졭˺ڷйĵ裬ڣѾ˼ʲô¶ӲҪһն񣬲Ѫɷնͷ­ȫջأѪǱߵɽȡ
ǡ
֣ҲһĻ˵ܹжʵ
ֺӰʱͷ亹乶ϣƸ۵Ҫȫ淢𣿡
˵أ赭дһ䡣
ǡǽȫȥôԶԪƷƷĸ֣ԪһƷƷ֣֮һǧˡֱǵԪһƷǧƷǧˣƷһǧƷ
ôϸЩҶû塣˵ֻ֪ɱжֿã
СԼǧֺ֮ӰЩľ
̫ˣ˴غǳһ
ǣ¸ֺӰ亹乡
Ѫأ
ѪӦǧˡ

һǧ
ħ



һʳֺӰսսػشȴҲίҾֻɱĵĵôһҡȴʲô˵
һ棬ͬʱһ
Ҫһˣ
ѯʵôϸȻѾȫս¾˼
ֻǣһǽȫȥĻΨֱ¶һʲôֺӰЩ£ԣҲܲͲǶҲڱ֤һʧʱ򡭡
˷һ˻ƵЦǰڣȴѾͬ


608 ǳ
Щˣ֪ʲô֪٣Ӱ˵㱩¶ҲǱ¶ء
ڣʱʲôܣܿõı
ǵı¶ͲǳôǸʲô
ƵĿ⣬ŰֺӰ
ǣˡֺӰͷµεδȴϵĺˮԾȥ
ȶɱѵˣոĿ꣬ͬʱȥȵ׷ɹʣɱĿΪޣɱ٣ɱ٣ÿǺ
ǣ
һΣħ񹬵һҲһչжɹʡ
ǧĹ滮ﱸΪһεļţܾʹôֺη伣
ѪѪ棬ҲܲʲôֶΡҲãڶ̨һҪڰɣе̨ҲҪһڳԪܣ
һº̨
ź˽䲼ͻȻƼȻ䣬һХҪãȫݷҵĽ£
УͻȻܲ
ǴգȴͻȻͱī
һХɭֲζʵķӿֱһͷ޴ħӰڸա
ν죬ǣ

ҶЦһ˴˼Ѿӽһ֮ءǳš
ǳɽפڵɽ壬ƺռ䶼֣ʣ̧ͷȥǳɽ֮ϵգƺܿǹ֡
ƺΨƺãԳء
ڣǳŷѾ׵Ŀֻ֮С
Լڱˣһ
ĺ֣ͬڹͬĵˣЦҶЦк쵶ԼйأʵͬµĻǣ
״ǳŵĸ߲ǣһľüչء
ʱֱӾûһϢǺõġ
Ȼһǰ̨ӴʥȴǸ೬һʧˣѶѾǳ˽ǵĴ¼ˡ
û뵽ǣĻϢȻʱ½ȽĻϢԣʧٵϢǺϢ
ʧ٣δؾ͵ͬ𡭡Ҳûأ
Ҫǽĺ¼
Цû쵶ҲûǵթƭڶĿЩһֱڻı½ֳ徣ȻǴչ渴ˣ
ϢѾ㹻ǳŸ߲һˡ
ЦթΪĹ裬ΪԶʤ
¹˪ЦʧɢãϢѾ˪ôõ֤ʵ
ϢزʱǳŸ߲޿ɱһҡҡ׹ѣо
ܲˣҶЦɷǲֹ¹˪ҲǱȥˣ¹˪վҶЦһߣŮ¹ĵλ͵ͬ¹վҶЦǱߣټϾӦı纮ѩԹǣϹ׷ˣݣǳŻ
ǳŵĸ߲ڵǰʵԱȣĲֹ̬ȣ
ڣʵռѹƣһᵥʵռţϰǰнϲ뽹ĺûڣͬͬԴһСìܣֻҪ˵ϵͬĺҶЦһʹʵΣܹսʤ𣿣
ȻϢǳŵĸ߲
ʲôҶЦթ䣬Ҷ뺮ǽǱ̫ϳµǸ²ˣ
ʲôҶЦΪԴԼĳ⣬Լ֣ǸʾԸζԹԾɱݣ
⡭ʲôʲô˵ҲǵɱҶЦòãһսΪ֦ͬƭ˹ºʲôôҲûõҲ˵˵žʹ½أҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ˮҲ£ǻڣȻڵʵЩЦֻǽɢ޳ʵȻҲ϶߲ε΢֣֮ڵǧ˽󣬻λ̫ϳѹÿһλ̫ϳ϶С΢ʵۺʵĪ˵ֻҶЦ䷨٣Ҳһս
Ȼ󡭡Ѹٱˣ
ֵЦǰһ䷨չǰսΪʲô˵ǡǰأȻ䷨һλͬΧЦǴܿ䣬䷨֮ҶߣЦȫʤȻӴ˵µһֱ½һ˻¯
ͻıըϢһҲըǳŸ߲ͷϡ


609 ƾ
ǳһɸ߲㣬ûüټӦ½һֵĻΣŵһ٣Ҹ˾㤡
ڣӻ¾ͽڡ
¶Ÿոմǳ»ûӦˣϵ˺ܴɵǳţͬĴһȻֻӻ֣ȻȥƬĿ껹δüʰɾµĻϢ
ƹ½ܼŮ˳һ˴Ϊʦ𡣡
˲Ÿĥĥ˳˭ʦ˭أ
ʲôأ
Щ⻹ֻдתĵڣһĻϢǰźˡ
쵶ֽ˼㺮ѩ¹˪Ӧڣ֣ʼ֮ս
Цڣڣһ𣬳Ϊʷʣ
Ц쵶¹˪ͣıӦǳ߽ռִ
ϢѲֱֹ׽٣
Ȼ𺳣ȴδػˣǰǶǳž͵ֱŰ
ǣôôأ
ô˵ҲǴ˼ĳŰ
⼸Уؾͬ߹һ㣬ֱӱ˺ˣ
ȫûл֮
˲һռҷʵ֮൱ǳֺܿ⣡
ͬڼ
֪ͬͬǳ¾һƬĩվ
Щպյľֵ֣һͷ
˶оɱȻɭɭ
кܶġסˣֱӿʼܣܶ߼ߣҲʼܵתԼˡ
ĵͱӣͷȣ߼£˳Ѱҽ֮ɣǧٹ֣廨š࣬һ֮䣬ǳɽţȻڶ̶̵ļʱ棬ʮ֮һ
Ҫ֪ǳͬӵʮͽڵĳţʮ֮һܵˣǿɾһ֣
⻹ֻǵײӵķӦ
ǳŵĸ߲Դ˲δԼּɡ
кܶʦڽ̵ӡ
ɶΪСɣҲҺü˰ɣǻؼҿĺʱ㶯ؼҰɣżԶסЩʱգݽϲܸõУ

ͽʱʵ̫ģӹ˲ɡȥҸҽʦɣüŻһҪȫ˵
ʦܺãû˰
˵˰էԣʵԶȥʮɡ
ҲûС
ˡ
ûа
쵰ô˻أ˵ˣ͹˵ʲôϻ

Щү֮䣬
ӣȥɡ
ȥǧҪ¶ǳŵݣΪǼɡ

ǳһɸ߲㣬һɾϢ
ʵǿκıԼıȫȻЧʱ벻ҲþȻֻŷΧ֮У
ڵĻڴ󣬿ҪǳǿöࣻЩǰһǳΣ
µ˵壬򣬽չ˾ҪܺԼĿƣǿϸγҲҪ֧źȥ
ҵȴ⣬Ŷ˼پɹǣ
ѾûˡѾվЦһߣڣֻʣǳˣⳡˣ
꣬зɸ׷ɱЦǼλɫҰףĬ֮վ˳
˵飬ıͿġˣҲǳˡ
һ취ܹȫš

Х²Ƿһǳɽ֮ǰɽ¾صȴҶЦһ˵ĵ
ԶէףһƬӺƣХ
ȴ˵Ϲ׷磬˵и֣㳲
˵ӣһǧĺХ
Թǣ
һ׺ȻһĴȻ
ưϹ׷һȣڸ߳ĲԹǡ
Ϲ׷磡ȻСӣ
Թһǧ֮۳𣬷ϸ߿գ˫Ŀƥؿȥ
Զһ׳ӰڿնЦ
ڵȵһ죡
Ϲ׷ˣЦ
Թǲ԰׵¶һ˿ѵõļΣصͷڵȵһ죡
˾ڳ֮ϣѱԻǷüĿоХ²ǺͺǾ
˾վǳɽǰϿ˵ǻǳŷѾŭ֣һᣬ㲻ҲҪݺݽѵһ
ǣȴûһ¶档


610 
ǳţƺûһ˿ǰһĻ˾ôԼɽϿ޼ɵ̸һͽԼɽŵ˺ȾƺȲڡ
ǳߵĵӣˡ
һһЩĪؽѰһС˳ȥ
Х²ˣҺϱһôö֮ǳɽ֮ǰӲʮ·Ӫկ
һӪկ¡¡ս֮˵
һɲսɱգȻɢ
һ죬ռѹֵĹȥˡ

賿ʱ֣
һƬŵķΧС
һһĴͻأ١
ǳŵɽ˲ʱ顣ʯͬɽѵıһ㣬Գϸ߿ա
һӰųɱǿƳǳɽפС
һŭ𡪡
ƹ˳Ϊʦǳŵˣɣ޷ݺ
˳ˣ

֮ǣ˳ǿǳŷ棬Ȼ˳Ӧսȫ޶һ
˳ôһ·񡢳ͨس˽ȥһֱ嵽Ĵ㳡λãȻûκһ֡
Ͽա
ҶЦȻҲѾˣ֮ûͬʱ֣Ǵ˳ȴԸͷ´˿̣ͬе⡣
ô£ֱǷ˼޿ɽͣ
Ǳʵ̲סˣȴһǳŵأѵȫˣûˣһҲûʣ𣿡
һɽӡ
ǼȺ֮ǣžžشǳ˵Ƥ
ǣǳŷԾȫ޶ͺһ㣡
棬Ϲ׷羪ϲĴһ絽ˣ
һƵ֮𣺡СǣҲɡ
ԹͻȻʱ֣ἸʵҶ硭㡭
˵²ٳɣһ£ȫ嶼ˣӳȥǳţ
¡¡
ȥ
ӳȥ
ɺϱһȫԱƳˮһǳš
ʹεĴѹ̤ɽţԾûгְ
һֱ嵽ɽŴ㳡λãԾûа㶯
ӣ˶סˡ
ʲôޱֿô
ҶЦۼ˹գ׷״ӿн䣬վһƬ㳡ϣܡ
˳һ˫ҶЦϣһ˿˲ŵʹ漴ͿҶЦߵľӦ
ҧҧ촽ͷȥȻȥһ˿ŨŨĽͼʡ
ԣǸλãҲֻʦġ
Ծɲҵġ
ͬΪŮ˵ľӦظе˳עӣȥʱ˳ͷѾȥ
Ӧһ̾
Լ׷ҶЦ¡ҶЦһֱܣһֱӦǷ˻ϵζǰǸŮͬ顣
Ůɵ
ôǹ׷ȴҪһֱȵڣ˽ôһֱôԼԹһֱô󣬿¡մһûɶϣˣ
ˣ֮ԶϢҲܿҪ쳾ˣǲܰס£Ǿǻ֮ӣг
ȻˣӦȻͬ˳ΪһŮˣȴ϶ûд󷽵ԼóһȥĴ˽
ԣҲֻн̾Ϣһѡ
ȴ˳
˳֮ˣΪҶЦܣҲΪŮߡ
ʵϣǱ»ڵĻ˳Ծɻ߻ԥȴδؾͻ
˳ҲһҰҺ޵ŮӣӦ˵֪ԼҸҪԼȥŬȡǱȴ
ϵڱ壬ϵİգ
һ顢ʻ֮һһԵİ飬ֻڻС˵֮Уʵ
ûбǴαʣ˳ȵľӦҪ󵨡Ҫȡ
ڣȴԼȽԼŷ
ȫ޹ء
˳˼ºγĳԼҲ֪ʲô
ԴڿҶЦ֪Լ˼˼ҶЦȻЦ֮˳ǵûио˿ʧзĳ
ԭǴ˵еЦ
ţЦһۣȻһɫı֮Ӧķ׷һֱ𸴡
⣬ȻһӱܣʧжǣȴҲһ֤ˣλЦҶЦһεˡһɫԼ˭̰ɫ֮
ˣԼļ֣ɫҲĶ
жŮ͸塣
ģֻҪǱˣôմһٲõı
ֻһһŮ˵ѾǼҪġ
ԣ˳ķǵûоʹֹϢӸܵҶЦĿɹ


611 ɽ
ȴΪʦǰʦΪ˾Լ
˳оԼʹεĹΣҲ¡
ʦһǻڵ³ߣԼȴʦ˫˫ܣ
һô
Ͳܹ飡
٣˳ܹ飡
Խˣ˳ҲԽìܣԽԽʹࡣ
ìʹ֮£˳ĵһҲԽʢǳŵĳ嶯ԽԽǳң
ǣɱҵʦ
Ҳ˳׻ҵҸ


ȫ
ڣվǳŵĵϣȴֿҶЦӰԼԼǣӵĿĿ
˳жǳŵɱ⣬ҲԽĲɶƣһЪ˹״̬Χ֮У
ǡڴ˿̣һԽ罣ĺХȴһȺװŮӣԶ̽ȴУͻȻһƬɫƲʡ
ŮȻĬĬжӣһԴɫȻɷ
ôˣӦ˲һϲ
ı֡
Ϊ׵ģıϣ˿̣۾Ц⣬ȴŵȻòȫޱžӦƬ̺ڶ˲סˣЦԼδǰΪˣѵԹ𣡣
ˣ
ӦͷȻһȣۿһ죬ˮ˲ʱӯæԼǿЦΪˡ
ȻΪˣ
ıŮ˵ıˣԶ빬վһһսһУ
ǵ飬ĵ˾ǵˣ
˭۸ǹǾӦ
¶ԷЦҲУ
ŮһȻ˵ءȴĺȻӾΪӦˣΪġ
˳һ¹ү
ǹõ㣬Ҫ˿ɲǳصģ
ҶЦűӿʼЦ
ѩǱ˴˶һۣӶԷпһĴЦ⡣
˵뷨򵥴ֱ˼Сڹž˵ʲôǶ֪۸ôܣ֮Ĺ뷿սݱ浶ǹǲսʹ죬ɨˣ
˼üŪֲۣ֧ļ˷ɡ
ҶЦϽ̬ģô˶ڵģҿǲ𡭡Űһġ
ıϺһЦ⻰ǼˣҪвһĳ𣿣
Ҳ̲סЦ˵˵Щ˲٣ǹܵҲ̫ˡǡܡķʽܲټ򵥴ֱһ㣬ôϵأڲڰ
˼ӹŸɵɶǶ֪ǵģ˵ˡǼҹƢ˭۸˭۸ҵǾãҴҴɩһ𣬿ҴԿĶࡣҴǰԹĿǣġ˵öôУͬܣֱֿӵĳ飡
һҲ֤ˣıĹһǡ
λû˵꣬ͱĿŵֹס
ӦһƬͨ죬ŭĿӡ
ȻΪ֮ǰ¶Լչ
һǻصһϣô
ᣬͬСӵϷһ´ɩӣԼôõ֣ʵԼ뺷ͷ
ѩ̾˾Ըˬʣ˿޲ҴţԼȴǵɧ̶ȣ˵С˱𣬴絽ᣬǵѪȷޱȣԼҪȡֵƤͷصԶˣ
ıϴ˼ҲһƫƫʶģۿԾһ統һԴ޼ɣͷһĺ쵶˵ⱹһ˵ĹȻеķִ绹ҶүŰգǹĲ˲ϲˣǲɣֻ
˵Ψһʿˡ
һǳ
һ̫ôİˣ
˾֮Ц಻
ѩһƬ̣ʵҲҪϴŸƨܽȫûˡ
ҲԼＸ
ҶЦӴ˼Ѿǳŷַȫ룬˶δ֪Ϊԭһֱûг
㱻ѹ˱ӵ£ԾǲıҲǱƣҰȴǲٵȥˡ
ҶЦ˼Ѷ˵ҶЦǰɽǳ֮˺ڣ
Ȼ֮˻ˣҪĸ֮ˣʼջҶЦΪ˼ȻҪԼ˵֡
ҶЦȴûб˳֡


612 ˶Թ
˳ǳ֮ĳԹǣɱʦ֮𣬵ݳԹĳ̶ȣҪԼ֮ϣϾԼֻ˳ʦˣڼķֱ𣬴в죡
Լ˼ʳԴ۴Ǹ˵ǲʵġ
ҶЦ䣬ȴǳŴ֮УͻȻ
಻ϣһֱ˾žŰʮһ£
ǳŵӣĶ飬֡
ǳټн侮Ȼ򣬴£Ȼ˼ȴûΪŵӵǷݰȻĿһеʵǵоֻо壬пֲ⣬һơ½ԿաȻ
һ죬𣿣
ҪԵʱ򣬲Ż֣ᷢԭʵԱǰ尾ȴʱ򣬾Ҫˡ
٣ӱû壬ô̹Ȼ԰ɣ
Ϊ򵥵ĵȴΨ֮󣬲ˣ
ǳŵӣ˶жӣе롣
ǳŵɽŹ㳡ռȫԿóǲ֪ķ˶һɽߣֻĻʯȻһݣĥƽʹ֮⻬羵
ʮˣҲӵ
ʱ˿̣ˣХ²ǣıԼǳµеȫۼƬ㳡ԾɱмһƬط
˫Ϲʮ֮ôţμ
мλãһԼʮɿͨ
ңμطָ˫˿ң
ҶЦӦѩ˪º˳ЩΪվǰ棻ҶЦվм䣬߾Ӧѩߣ˪ºӦ硣
˳վºߡ
ߴ֣
ڸϹ·ϣ˪ºҲùֻعԭѾߵʵϲ¥ʱǳû΢֮Ը۵Ļֻ»ҪھӦѩԪ֮
ʵ֮󣬶սԾԾԣ޲䷨Ͻ֣֣ɱⲣ
ҶЦǽ֮ɱۣԼԽӿĻֻҪһСˣͬܲ䷨ȻδʤԱ⣡
һ㣬ֺϻ֮Ŀǣרעв֮Ӳƴ˪ȻδԼ΢ֺ֮ϻѾͬǵܣϵĻȫѹƣڸΪɱռƵ£޷ڽֺϻ֮£һУ
ѩ΢Ͼ϶沽У㲻ʤҲڲ֮أŮΣҲȻ
ȴ˵İԵ΢뺮ѩ΢Ǹ߼ˣ죬ǰΪ˪ƣȴ˪ã
Ƕ˪Ȼǲģ΢֮˲ô
ǽʲôҲǷַӵ£Ժǳţ񲻾ǵĵһԵʯ
棬ǳһȺطֿȻȻطֿһ·
뷢԰׵ߣɫԳأ˳
һΪǳŵλ̫ϳϣ滹ʮųϡ
ȺһĽŲأɫأ£ͬǣųǧʯÿһޱȵļѡ
Ц££ΥˡΪ׵̫ϳһóأ˵ǳţԴӵŶλֳ徣ٶɺ쳾Ϣ֮󣬾֪Ȼнһ⣬һգǳѾȺþˣ
йվҪģ˶ҲáģʼջҪġ
߻ͷһɬģվǻᵽģԼµĿԼվгһ졣
ڿǲֻʱδѣ
ʱգʱ˿̣Ǹóʱˡ
ɽǳŵһ̫ϳϣҲǳŻĵһϲɽɬЦЦŽ֮ϲ֮ʵ񷬵עӲġ
ǳųộΪνɣ
Ļ֮УĲ䷳еһķɱ¶
쵶˿ϷҲͲن£Ž˲ãҪλҪڴ˽ᵱһ׮
ɽƵϣıۡ
Ľһǿʳȭͷǵ磬Ȼ֮ǰùˣʱ׵ˡôν֣Ҳǹһʱ֮󣬾ͻ˼ʧ١
ܹµģǳɱǿߵ硣


613 ǰһ
˵ӲʵƵ飬ǳҲƵݹ۴£ǳȨ֮µɢ޸֣Ѳ֪
ɽЦţЦ££˵ĻǷǴʵûôһ
ҶЦĬһ£ȷʵеĴʵ
ȷ
ɽⷬǵ򽭺С
Ȼȴ࣬ȴʵ
ʵôĲпᣬܺܶ˲ܣĽȴľôһζڡ
ʤΪ
ȭͷ󣬾ǵֹɽ˵Ǽ£ֹǳһһɣһ۴СйƵΣ
ǳΪΪΪ񣬿ϧڴ󻷾ϴ˵մ֮£ղò沨ǲ沨ֻᱻʱ󱳾̭
ڣ칬بԽĴСܳȦ¹ɢҶ¹ѩˣҲˣҶ쵱ʱӵһĵԪ۷ʵ¹ѩ¹ʥŮΣ¹ֻּɣǴٳԵλ
ҶЦκһӵһʵǣŷԶǧﻹ࣡
ҶЦ˵Ȼûʲôɷϵģ
Ҹղ˵ˣ⣬ҪĴ㵽Ҫ˵ʲôʹ𣿡üͷʵ
£ĿһʱǨԽ˵κڣЩ˾ǽˣصء
ɽɬЦЦҲ˽Ļ룬ǲܹƾ֮֮ʾ֮Գϣñ˴һЦ𡭡ϸֻǲʵʵĳ룬ԼĶģֻгĿܡ
λʴ壬Ըⲻ׷ԹԼҲᵱġʼջâڱ죬һ죬Ҳǻֳ顣
ڣλ۷ֵĴѰǳ¶һ۵ĽÿһҲ
ɽɬЦţֻҪһսһôǳžͻͬһʷʡһǷ͡
һţ൹ʩ֮٣Ⱥɱɹǳţһ𡣡
νţǡ
ʱ˼ǵãǳӵйĻԻʹУӲ˼ǵãǳҲӢۺú
Ľ𾭹Ҳʱ¶
գһ֣Ҳڼ֮С
ǳΪһ׮ءɽ̧ͷĿŶȺڵ򣬹һأô
˾Ϊ֮Ȼ
ɽ˵òبԽ̫̫¡
ϴ˵֮УһĳͻȻ飬ʵ̫ˡ
գͨڵʲô֪ˣЩţֻΪںĳż֮С
ֹһֶѡ
ԣŲܹõЦ͵λǿߵĿˡѾ飬һԲ壬ıģҲǲܾʹŹġҲûôķˡ
˵Ŀ׽ô䣬ҲûνĽˡ
飬Ҫۣ
بŵ򣡡
ɽֿĳڴˣǳŸλһϣֿʵʶȡλ½⡭
ҶЦȤЦˣȻֿʵжⱾȤģ
ɽһ˿ҶЦɫ۵Ȼһ˿飬̾ϢһƺʲôҪľ
ʹͷ׷ԽȻһ̾Ȼ̧ͷΡΡĺһعͷ˻˵ǳȫ
ǳŵӣ뻮һͷעɽ
꣬вıҵɱսˣڻŵģȫǰһ
ԭɽһλ̫ϳԼλϼ֣˼Ҳһ͵̤ǰһ
һء
ģǲǧ֮ڵһ̤˳
֮У˳ɣԥ˷ŭ衭
Σһվ˳
ϣһƬҰס
ȻЩѾµһʲô³ʲôʦźǰһԾҪ̤
ɽۼǧ˵붯ӽܵضһ£Ҫ˹ȥƺ壬Ѿһ̴ˣ֮󣬲ŲΡΡתӣͳ˵£ͷһЩˣûԩģ˵ûûģ
ɵ´ɽǵҪʲôһʲô壿


614 
ɽЦһ˻£ǳѾʱ޷Ǿһ£Щ֮УǷϤ𣿴ɱҲˣǴǱŵˣ
ڵһսνĿÿÿҹλأ˵׵һһǰԪ۷ֵļԶʤͨˣгУϴ˿̣һȥͺ񿴵˵Щ
սԼ飬ֻǽ֮ߣδ˺ƤκڶԼ֮ɽ־ڱصƶᣬǰЮԼĽֵһΪЮԼѾ׼ò롭ǳŵһ쵰ԼԷһԼƴһʹʯ֮Уκʵߣǻ쵰˶δ߳ŭԴ󷢣ֵܵӡһУ
ԼһʮλԪϤնɱ˵׷ɱǧһһȫɱǸʼٸߣԼٵУ
ǣԼһվˣݳԹԼԷ£ܵǷѪԼôţ
˺ԼѶҶЦκҶЦʱһλ棬޾ʼûиϵûϮϾʮԪƷ֣ΪԼɽʼʹĥ¡
һеһУգ沢
𣬵СЩѾ˵ģӡģȷһ١ֻǣҲвǱûмġ
Ǻεˣ޵УȴҲԸĨɱ˵лֱ˵
ɽҵ˵ȻеûģΪЩ˾ﻮǴıġ
߬ȭͷβŵΣ
ɽתͷЩˣ˵ΣҲΣ꣬ЩˣǼ£ɵ񣬵ȻЩ˸赶
ɽⷬ˵ÿ赭дƽֱʵȴѪȲпﻰ˼Щ˵ƽϢ֮£侲ĽѪ
һǧͬʱ¶֮ɫ
˼ʣλվɽ̫ϳǰһҰһȴǼ˵飬ϷΪ̫ϳϣδԳ֣ȴǴζȫ֮ˡգȺܵĻ쵰СӣϷĲФ󱲣Сӣ̬ϲݱ˹ʱҲҲҲ
ʱ˿̴˵أϷԾҪһߣֻ˵ιһ˽⣬ҶҲҶգ
ת˵ȫ嶼УҺ
һ̣ͦΣͬԨsţǷнֹԳ棬ΨҶƣƺֻص˵ʱ
˶һ̧ͷע
Ȼ˹ôҪۡԭ󻰣ݷ¹ĴۣȴһҪȻ
ϷʼÿȵһԲ𣻹¾ԾԻԪ飬𣬲óӦøĴۣ赱һ޹ߵĵǸ
˵꣬ת촽һ£ӵ˼㣬ڹȥ˵飬Բסˣ
Ȼֱӣ̧֣
顱һƣ޻ٵԼͷ
һƣĵ˵
һţֹͷ­Լӣ˲ʱȫ飡
̫ϳ΢ĵԪ׼ǿߣ٣δɢȴĻһ֣һ΢ըʹ˳ɢڷУ
漴ԭ󣬺Ϲһǧʮ߸ˣͬʱ񣺡飬Բסˣ
Ȼͬʱ̧֣⣬һƺݺݵԼԴϣ
˲ʱѪ졣
Щ˵ʵиеͣȴ̫ϳһ㣬һƽԼΪ촷۵ʵһƱ֮࣬ȴ׼棬Ѫ
ͻŨѪζ˲ʱ㳡
һǧʬ壬˵˵ڵء
Ѫཱུǰʣλϳһ̲˸ŰɫĹһѪ
ټʬ徲صڵϣǳ˶飬ʼɧҳ֡
ܱӻˣΪ˵ƣֻԾԹڶܲеĺǵǰͬѣѴ˽٣֪첻ֵԼ
ɽȻɭȻĿ⣬һɨӹȥĿɨӵɧҾͻƽϢ
棬׳壬ȻһȫȻŵĲɫ
û뵽ǳŻôѡôղԾЩˣÿһ˶˵ǳŵľӢӣһʱ֮ѡȻô˿ûзȫ޿ܣԼǰֽԼ


615 ģ
˵֮ǰ׿ڵǸھ߶ԣϵķȹԾ֮ǰٶһ裬ߣ
ֱֶĻ˶ҪԶԶЩˣǵ𺳣ȴΣҲȲһǧͬʱǸԾ
׿ڵǸԼԼԼԪ飬ڴһкۼ
ľ޷ˣҪΪ֮𺳣Ϊ֮ݣ
ǳŶԵĽ˾뵶˵ıͼ޹أֻǳˣԼǴ¶ˣĽ
ɽ˵
˼ʵӵ˼㣬βųֻһ䣬ҺҶЦʱѾˣǵΪûдﵽǰľ磬ûǻĽ𣿡
ɽҡͷᣡ
ЦôĽȫʵ⣬Ҫкã
ɽûõļʼǣ߾òôǡǳԾҪһҪ
һ£вﻮΧЦģԼվ
һΣվָ࣬ǧ֮ڡ
вˣвΧ֣ЩѾһԾ䣻˿վģȻԾôࡣ
УȻλ̫ϳϣ
뷢԰׵ߣ˼վǧ˵ǰ棬ɫžƽ
ɽ촽ţƬ̲һڣǻڵʲô
δ䣬ȴ֮¡
ǧˣҶЦڵķ򣬹񣺡飬Բסˣ
ͬʱ֣
һƣԼͷ
ҶЦ峺ǰһĻ̾Ϣϣúݵġ
ɽЦһ𣿾˵еأȻǲݺģǳŵʮ˵Ҫһݺģֻǲ˵һģȫȻûʤĶעֻΪһģҲҪµġ
˴˳ޣɴ죬ݣ
һ㣬˫úܣκεŽ⣬Ҫ⿪Ψһ
ɽһΣȴǲΪǿľֶΣȻǳŵи߲㾡ҲҪǳŵĵͳС
ò˵ľһСԻ֮У˵ȷʵǸ̫ˡ
ҶЦĵͷǲݺģǳѸ֮Σֻûȴڱǣ
д˼ˣû˻˵ǳΣֻԵһǶôˣɱ˲ͷأڴˣʵڲ
ҶЦ˵ǲǰЩ֮£Ǵ˿ôţ¶ǰн֮ں󣡴ʱ˿̣ôٰίȫɱǵǸ¹򡭡޷ǾҪЩ֮󣬾ʹ˳ȫµǳţȫǳŵĵͳУ
ǵıȫȴͬǵȻˣΪҪǱȫˣӦأ
ҶЦĿɽпΪɻȻǵȫˣΣɽɱɣɱɱվţܱԼˣ
һҪţۿı֮£ǳţжԼĺ£Լ˵У
ҶЦ񣬾һƬɱ硣
ɽվһƬѪ֮Уʶһ£ȷʵǣԼԼˡ
Цͺ쵶ȻӲɱ޹Ӳµļٵѧıȣȫ壬ʵ䷴ԣʵʵ
ԾҪġ
Ǹ֮λǻʲô־ǡǳʣµ֣Ҳ¾ִСǻƴսһһ䣡
ܹɱ֮еκһˣɸοǳŴ۵ߡ
˿̣ѾԵ˽
ˣΪǱҲã˵ˣֶҲգǡֶΣȻѾˣڣҲûֹͣĿܡ
ĵģЦ쵶Ȼƽɱȴδɱ޹ɱ֮ˣλ֮ģ
ɽ۾ˣǳûˡӮˣܱһͳӡ
ɽݺ᣺е飬Ƕˣ
еĺҲˣ
һţһȻػ֣в߻Χ˹ʦͽˣԼվɣѾϣǻڵʲôȻҪ㽻ȻҪȫ
˳ŵע֮£İٶˣϤվԾ
ǰ飬Բסˣ
˼ֳĿһƬš
ǳŵӣۿųк˵ʬ壬ȥѾǧأÿһǳŵм֡
˿̣ȴȫ


616 Ӯˣ
ǰӺգε߳ƣžǿߵѰֻл
ʣµһǻȴһҲ
ϷΪǳ̫ϴϡڴܽΣǷǳŴڣΥ֮Ź棡
ɽ׷ȻͦţУӴԺǳŵӣκɣκνڣͽ֮֮ģΥߣǽջؼգٲΪǳŵӣ
ӴԺǳŹرɽһ֮Уŵӣ˺֮ڲóڽ֮ϣ
ӴԺǳŵӣΥŹ棬̤ǳŰ벽µأǳŴˣԲΥŹݣΥߣ֮֮
ϷԵ֮Ѫ֮꣬ڴʱ˴˵ģ
ɽһ޵ѪȻ罫ǿѪѪ֮УưԼһ˿һ㣡Ѫһ³˲ʱָί֡
߿֮Уһէ죬漴һɫ磬Ȼ
һϷΧȻ쳹գˣһ̣ںηλںεأʲô飬ͬһʱ֡
׼ģ
ϡ
ҶЦۼ̬ݱ˹ȶѲʩУݺݵҧҧ̾˿°⣬ղòŹǳţȴܷŹɽ
һܹ˺ĶԴԼʦˣĶԸԼĺˣľ㴴𣬾ԣԾɿɼ˿µŻڵǰ̬֮£һһڶ֯Ĺؼʱ̣ǳ£Щ΢ĸӰ죬Ӱ֣
ɽתͷҶЦΡΡĲЦЦˣղ˵Ҫ󣬵ǲݶˡ
Ϊǳ̫ϳ֮ףڱŵȨνϣȻ٣ȻҲҪΪٸ񡣡ЦЦЦ쵶˳ʦͽˣʩҲãӦҲգԾִΪųȫһһңΪǳ̫ϴϣиóеоǣʼջǸˣҲиģ
ˣͬ͵ǳŵ
ɽ˵գȻһЦϵȻһ̣±ñֱһԨsŵʦ緶վ
ͬʱǳŽʣλ̫ϳϣһӶվɽߣͬʱҶЦֱͦ壬Ϲ񣺡Ц飬Բסˣ
仰ո˵꣬ҶЦֹüһš
ȴΪʱͬʱԾȫްԥȴһλ̫ϳһ㣬˲ʱΪ촷ۣǱ٣ʹȼ
ҶЦ۾ʱһУþֶΣ棬ȴ֮ǰԵƥȼһе
ʵڸղţɽ˾ԾķʽǰһλԾ̫ϳͬģΪ촷ۣԣȻԱȴһ˲ĳͣҶЦаտԽϣֹԻԪ飬ȴû뵽˾ֱӲ˵֮ȷȼ꣬ҶЦ޴ӣ
ȼգɽ˿ʹֻ޾ȻĴǳܸĳˣǻҪĸ࣬ԷֶΪǳŵӣЦ󣬱ɡսƴսǣ
ҡΪǳϯ̫ϴϡһ
仰ո˵꣬ڶһƬ׵ĻѾһоȼմ
ϣʲôûˣһǻҶ档
λϵ壬׻ޡ
۾ȴƺȻڻУҶЦƺ˵ҶЦһģӮ
˵ʵ˵֮ǰҶЦһ˭Ҳû뵽һȻ顣
ʵռƣֻҪһ򣬾׸ԷΪʲôȴһʼͺƱԷǣűأҪһֱǣ󡭡
ҶЦڵ˼ɵˡ
ɽƥίʵǡ̫ˣ
ԱˣԼݣȻȫûиԼ°·
ֱӾôҷɢ
ǳţ
ҶЦٶ̾Ϣһ
ѾϨĻ棬ЦһɽӮˣ
ͻȻȵߣ
ҶЦݣ¾޹ɱֵĵ顣
˵գ㼴һӶȳ볤գһҶЦѾƶˡ
תͷ۹ǳŵĴӪλãĴ˳ۻǳţڴ˺УȻ˸ľ֡
ɽ˼˵ķʽȥĿġͳݿģʹ֣һǳŵĺߣұ𡣡
ˣڼ֣֮ĶѲֶαҲãҲգʲôĶãֶֻΣ־ܾ̹ȻѾ㹻ҶЦ㣡
ЦҶЦǳŵĸ֮˾ǣһ꣡


617 
ҶЦ˵գһֱʧˡ
ߣ
ǰҲ̾Ϣһ۾ܵǳŵɨľֻһ˫˫˳޵۾
κ˶ţӵˣô
µˣЦ
ʱգʱ˿̣Ҳٶˡ
֮ǰڣͷβҲûзʲôֵĵطǵǳţﾪϲȴǴͷβ½ᵽЩĴţȻ侫ڣ
̾ϢһͷȥǿӪʾʵˣ֮Σ۸Сվǳɳ֮ҪĻҶЦԣһ꣡
˵ͬһЦʧӰ١
ӣ߰ɡӦ˳
˳Ž֣˼Ȼ
ʦĳѵôˣ
Էǿбͣ
ϸ˵µĳ˳Ѿúܳˣȫǳвı׷ɱĵҲȫˣǳŵһɾ񾭴һۣνȻʵ΢еʵ֮ܽ׻
ĸģʽȴ˳ֻּԼֱó𣬲Ǹ𣬵¶νֳһֱ˵мȻȻݾﲻΣûа취֮еİ취һ㣬ǵǰΨһһܹʹǳŴв𣬺󱲵ӵԱȫŻӦֶΣ
ȫɸ𣬵˧䣬ԣ˧䣬Ļ֣ϣн𴫣δһգ
˳ǼưٳǿɽһǳŸ߲ͼҲòϣǳŵȣԼҲȷǲɱ֣
һֻоһƬƣ㷢
βǿЦЦһۣʦñʹ˶ˣߡ
糱ˮһ˳ǳš
ʼգǳŷĵһûжôһֱͦţһԲעĿǰʬ壬עĿǰѪ
ֱǳȫ֮ǳŹ㳡֮вȻһĿ޺
ºǳڲһǰδеļִ
˼ʣǳи߲ߣȫһ䡣ֻʣһЩͨӣΪߵģҲŲǵԪƷȻˮ׼Ƿһؽ磬Ҳһۣ֮ǳŶԣ޷Ѿ޷ѹеķ
˳˺ޣ
еһ۵Ѫûݲ
̫ϳ˵ŻǳŹӲдĻᡭǻҪȥ𣬲ǲǵ˼㣬һдԣЦ˶Ϯ̫ϴǵװ˷ѣ
һ˵۵ǵΨһϣҪǳŵĵͳܹȥͬһţʷ˵飬Ҳȷùˡ˿˵ȫ壿
ѵǳټôװˣ
ѵȥ𣬾ǻ˼νĸֻǿ
ѵǾôţôͷڹȥͷڹꣿһ꣡
˾Ǵˣòпۣȥѵʣǣش֮ʱµŹ棬Ҫһֱȥ𣿡
ǳŲӵԽԽҡ
շֳɣռǴ൱˴ֲ¡
󣬸ǷΪɣ׷ѣΪţ볽š
ɣԴǳŵԴԼ־ѧԷչ׳˲飬Ȼǳŵķ⣬ȴҲһš
ֻʱƬѾûЦҲû˺쵶еĸԴȴǴڶ
Ǻ󻰣ᡣ
ڵɣ٣ֻʮ˶ѣȴǵʱǳΪʵߵһɣ˴ǳžĵ伮زأתͶ
ǵĿĺܵҪ֮ҶЦ𣬶ǿ͸ǷǣתǱУ
ͬͬԴ֦ͬһʦǵաڸ˼ֵ֮ҶЦĸȻһȻһһĪǰҶЦ٣뺮ԨԴ˴˸ҽγԹǳŵĵ֧ӣЯžزأͶ뺮ȴѧһ⴫򣬴вϧ
ҶЦ¼һ㣬һ
ԭûϣ˵ĺ󣬷ΪڵӮңµ޳Ūˣ


618 
ɽȥ
һ·ϣ˶ñ֡
ͺѩˡ
˳ϲãֻһУѩԹߣ˻裬һ̣֮
ԴǳţһûɱֹǸ죬˶ǵԸɱģеĵǸаǸ⣬˵һʽķߺĸһ㡣
ܽܵǣȫ̱ǣűߣȻǳŸ߲ȫ𣬵ʲô壬˵ԸлԾ˵Ϊ˱ŴУµӵĿһģԼһƵģǲԭĿܺߺòã
һ˵Щ߲㲻ΣҪǳһ𣬵˵ˣֲͬƵ䣬ȫǳӲֹԼ˶ĵùǺ
Ҫǻܺǲǹأ
׷ҶЦ֮˶ʱ
˵ϴѵ¶ôˣֵúܲˬ
úõظ֮ãƺƴ󣬼ɹսȴǻͷβֻǵĸȴҴǿаŮо
Ϸ˻䣬֮ͬϡҶЦǳԸи߲ΪۣҪģôһЧ
ǻ̫ˣǳŸڣֻһ飬Ҷһˣǳȫǵ־ȫˣǣѩ
ҶЦҡҡͷ壬ǬĪ⣬֮ʱǳŵĸ߲㣬Ϊٰ޼ƣŻд壬Ƕǵıģ£ϾɱǳɽŻȻи߲㣬һɱֻһЩɵС۹֮ȴ̾ΪֹжԣȴҪ̾
Ҳ͸ˣѩܲˬ
뿪ɣʵղһͬᣬ޲ֱӳ֡ܶЩСϺ֡һʼսô˳ɨʮͨӵҲûʲôԷ֮УһܹһָͷĶֶûеʱȻȫɱˣʲôУϾǵĳԱ⣬ҳΧǵЩˣնɱ
ԣǳȻüƣҲõıǲòŵ
ҶЦȻݣؼԭȴɽջԼ
ݺݾҲȷǵˣ׶ȥ˶֮ǵĿԣǻ
Ĵǰ£ǵǲٳֵģ
ǳŵս̣Ȼɥʧ˾󲿷֣䴫еͳʼǱסˡԺ󣬾Ϳɣܲܳ־ž޵ţܹǳһɳ졭
ڵǳѾһΪΡɽ꣬ɽδƣҹɽŻأҲܱסġ
޴𡣡
ν𣬳ɱжȥһ겻ĵزҲͲˣνնɱ
ҶЦĿ治عڻǵʱ㻹ҪֳԣǵԵСˡ
ǵĿڣŭǷѾ˼ҪֽҾֱ˳ͷβƵĸо
Σ˵ԾǸصĴۣҶ֮ڣǾвҶЦؼǣٽ٣һζɱֻ»顭ɽҲǿһ㣬˵ķʽǲò֡
ʵϸ룬ǵĳʵѾǧٱֻˡ
ﾺ˪쾺ɣǳŵĸ߲㲻ϧôҵķʽҲҪԱȫ󱲵ӡҶЦҵ뿴һ㼫µı֮¡ܲĴ̼˲š
ЦЦǳܹ־ţôǳɳ֮һǱ𡣡
ߡѵǻ𣿡ҶЦ΢ЦţȻǲںûкߵѰǷŹʲô
˵ǵ˵֮оȻһڱ˶ûУӰ𣿡
ԣ¾ʱΪֹɡ
ڻûк飬ȨǣڶԷǳŵĺ󱲣
˵ﻰ£һǾ仰ǳŵĸ߲㣬úܾޣʲôˣֻܹǿϡҲӦøҪȫһᡣ
ҶЦڣ㻹ô𣿡
첻˼ЦЦɩ˵öԣΪ˴ֱ̫ˣҸղһ˼գȫûôԶľֻб룬˵ȻǳԲĳԹҲѾˣίʵûҪٸϾɱˡ


619 ʣ
ҶЦͷڵΪȻѾȥ䷨ͬĳ̶ȣľϣȴв࣬¶ܹøһЩľȻϲ¥㣬ѩҲһ
ܶ顣
ԵʱסˣԱߵĺѩȻҲһ㶣ȴѹ
ҶЦ˵һ㣬˵ģȴˣ˻УͬӴĺĳӡ
ǵģԼһΪԪ֮شȴδ𣬸ռֵҶЦĹ⣬ֻعȫۣȻȴҲΪݽ̫Ѹ٣̫ˣԼľ棬ȴʼȥǵ۷ֵĳľ
ǰ;У˪д裬ܴڽ಻ʵմñȴԾ𱨵òʹ죬񫣬ԼľĲأԼ֮ǰڰĽѵѩΪ߹ľԼҲһ
溹գ
˿ԼҪһ¹ˣ˲ͼ˪д裬ԼĿǣѵٱ飬Ҳͻˣ
ҶЦѩӦ˪ףȻ̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦݣݣԼôܵˣô᲻ɹأ
ѩ磬Ժ׸ˣ֮ǰ֪ҺݣԭԼҲôݰ
Ӧ˵ֵܣ
˪ã򼸰ٱ飿ޣɵСأһ飬ǽʹ񫣬ǴϺüٱǾѵˣѾˣ
˺εȵĽų̣Ƭ̣һ˾ɽ£̧ۿȥĿɵþǳһֻǳɽ£Ȼ֪ʱѾɽ˺
壬ɣƼ˵أ⣬཭ɢޣƳˮһ˷۹
ɽΧۼҶЦ˲Լͬطһ
Ц䣡
žǴ˷Ļ
˳˺һۿͷ
ǰվŵģȴͷϳһӵ־˿̵⣬ܡߵģǸڸ塣
ضˣҶЦЩơ
ǰҪȻûۣܹΪҡźҲֵǵһ⣡
־˵ԣǴ£Ҿ½½ĶˡʵģŲһС֣ˣڴ˷Ϲ
һ
ֻɽµЩˣѾ飬ɽ˺ĿҲʮϣȻһ󲿷û
ҪȫۼǵǶأ
񾭴ߣҲͷƤЩ
ɶʱҵԵôˣ
ôô
һ˿ǳѾһ㣬˰ɡ־Цţϲֻ
ϲֻ
˷ɽХһ
ҶЦ֣΢Цлֵһ⣻ҶЦҲڻص򣬴ӴԺֿʼֵһԷ
˳ԷȻǳģһƬ׶
λֵܼȻۼôض򼴽ٵǿ֮£Ҳ֪ɡҶЦ˵
⼸רǳ֮£Ϣ֮䣬˷򶼳˺˵ټѾ཭ͬ䶾֣ıֶΣһ㣬˷ָ
ѹ˵Ǹ˵صһԭ򡭡
ҶЦüʵҼ˶ϴ˼Թҹѵ֮䡭شʷɣ
ίʵʼࡣ˵ռ鱨أһҹ֮䣬ʴ񡭡Щȥĸ֣ݽĿתһȺֵ
ҶЦü֣ôַ
ɱЩߵ֣ΪҲδغܸߣԵнֵĻԲǱߵĶ֡ˣȴɱǡ
ҶЦЩ֣ǡ㶼Ǳʾɣѵô̬𶯣Ȼɱˣ
Լյ򡢳;ϻغ¡
循㵵ҶЦˣЩȥĽ֣ԼԼ׶Ů֣֮еԼĸеڡ
ҶЦ̾˿
Ǹص֯ȻʼٳĿ꾹Ȼеߡ
µ֣ڴ˿Ҳӳ쳣޴á


620 죡
ߵΪҪشҶᱻȥͷ­оǡһβΧ֮㣬֮࣬ţ֯Ҳȫ洦·ֳԣǿ˴ߵʬ״̫ˡ
˵¶֮ɫ
ߵʬ壬ͷ­֮⣬ÿһڵѪƱǿгһ㣬һıԵøɿûаѪģֱͺǡѾãƷ֮ӡ
ҶЦĿһʬ
ǣǸʬϳ鴤һ£ÿһߣÿһʬ壬״һ޳ݣԷҪʬ壬ֶ֮ж˷ָ
ռ䣬ҲٹʬЩոȥʬ壬״ȫһ£ڲĪ˵Ѫˮֶ棻ǵĹ裬ҲͬǱ˼һΪʯͷ˵ǷĩһĶ
һ״ֱͺǡǵ꣬ǵľѪ֮ео£ȫǿгˡ
ֻһ߸ɱƤҡ
ǰĻ̬档
⣬Ҳ֪أкܶٹİˣЩ֮УȻΪҡźĿںţʵȴǱ˼ֻʱû춯ѡ¶ߺ޺Ϳ־֮ɫˣ
һһ˵Ǹ֪˵˭Ӳ֪˵жǿ󡭡ǣҲǲԸΪָʬģ
Ψһָֻоˣ
ϣĿҶЦһҪ߳ȥ߳ⳡجΣ
ŴԵҶЦֻġ
ҪĲ󣬿ԼĿ
Լƽʮ˸ˣʮҲпܣһˣֻ¾ȫڣǰҪõԼӻˣɲʮʮģ
ãҶЦ̾һǵҸܵĵطȻ԰˷ΪÿһӢۺܣƳһһµǰơȺȺ³׵Ĺ滮һ£ΪֻҪЭһ߳ⳡجΣ
ǣ־˵ʱܣӦ
ǰȥ֪ͨˡ
ָʱҪʱ򣬿ȥ
ڽӽʱһӾĻϢն
˶ͻϢˣ
ͬеߴ󳬼֮һƽɣҵΧƽɾһһҹ֮䣬žһ˵ӣһ
ƽɣǳ߲ӷ֮գһֱϢ֮ʱ;û˿飬ѶķҲҪʱĴѶ֮䡣
ȻĸʱҲҪ֮ǰˣ
ƽȻڵʱߴ󳬼ĩĳνŴҿɱȣĳҲǼһ㣬һ֮ڣôϢı
ôЩ˵ʵָȥһɺεȿֲĵز
Ǽֱġţ
ûбȽϾû˺ʵϣƹԼ򶥼ţҪ㸲ߴ󳬼֮һĻôҲҪһսҪ൱صĴۣδܹһҹ¡
Щˣȴˣòƻսòμѡ
֪һļͷ
һŨòյƣͷ
˼ÿ˶ǸоˣԼԴ棬һΪĸֵʱп˼Ҹߴ֮һôɼ򵥣ôɵԼСɫ񲻸ӵ練ƣѴ֮
ϵΣˡ
үҲȤƵͷɫȻ֮۽ɨӰصɽ֣ÿ˶·о棬аĿڽԼ
ɭֲޱš
õϢʱһɽ֮СɴֹͣǰУ͵
ɽУȻܣһһѳ𣬾Ҳ岻ɢĵ׵ɭȻ⡣
ڸһϿ֮УȺۺһ
ˣ׷׿ʼƾٸ׼̴ƣΣѡ
һû֮ҲȨ̰Ϊ书ȸ棬ƾٳҶΪ֮ˣΨˣʸ񣬲뵽һ׶εĶԲ̽֡
ѡغԺ˭Ҳʱ۶ӣε˼Ҳ£ϾѬĵȾڣСס̸ܹõȨ֮
оУоǲУûʲôⶫ˵ġ
ԸƳĴѡ̳ϵѸ٣ܿ˽


621 
ϱУ϶ŸλѡΪЩƾٳĴһأм۹
˵񣬲˵Ǿ޴󹬵øһ㣬ܾǲòΪ֧֧ȻһӸ߿мɡǶ£ռаɷԲ
λÿһǧ׮׮ε쳣ƽаڷŵ롣
λãȻ˺ϱĴֱʮ޴ӣмһӣʮɣԵȻһ޴ͷŴ죬š࣬ǰϣ֣ͷλá
Σ
Ȼʱȣ̵ÿ϶̫ϸȴǰʮ㡣
ֻҪһˣһۿһӣһɾµİԵƣȻȻɢǡ
Ƴľŷʮλ񣬴濪ʼǰţһ
ֻҪǽ޴񣬾ǲñֱ
ʮ˽עϷ֮ʱÿ˵ж˾ϣ
ΪЦλ
ŲȻһϮµҶЦ˽ȴڹ򣬲ɵһ£ҶѾˣ
ʩ񣺡μˡ
ض񡣡ҶЦ΢ЦȻԵۣԺһսֵܣǧôǹ֮һܳʱ䣬ôĻأ
ǣԸھ֮£ظգ˵
˼ȻЩ
ҶЦ߽ʣѩˣҲȻҲһ۾ͿԼ˵˶ӣͬɲһ¡
ټ֣ʵ̫Եˡ
׿ž֮⣬ȻҲҪԸ߳Ѱ̫ܲףžΣɸ¡˼ĸ߶ȡ
⡭
է֮£ܲһ£
һӵĺߣעžΣҶЦȻЦ֣
һ˵û˵ȴǽĿ⾡۽ϣԶ׼ҶԸԽҶЦ
ҶЦѷãȥǺ쵶Ծɲ⣡
εƤмޣʵǲ˼ȥֵ˵ɱңҪȥ϶ᱻΧŹҿɲᡣɣ˵ǲǣ
뱩һǡ֣
ҶЦһЦȻã̧Ҷĳ˾Ͳǫˣ
ıȭλΪ˶裬˾
ⳡСС֮࣬ҶЦȻһ֡ۼҲƸоȻǵʲãһʱԾЩЦãЦӢ۵ЦĲ뵱ʲôʲӻʵۺòã
ҶЦھλ֮ϣʮλŷһĿתעŸҶЦ߹Щ˵֣Ծĳֱ
ڴΪҽһߵ⼸λҶЦԺҶսѣӴ˹ͬսԵУܹЩ˽⣬Ϊ
ԾֱͦӣĿƵɨЦ֮ˡ
Ҷ֪ܹЦߵģÿһ˶۷弶ǿߣ
˵ѣǲݼ
һ㣬ȻѾ֪
ߵһλӡ׳Ĵӣƽֿѣ쵶飬ŴҶ֪Ҿֻһ㣬ֵĺ쵶ʵԶʤЦ֮£ҸղǹѷãǳġҶЦĽܵ
վűȭֺ˵˵ҾͶǺˣ²˵̵ʱ򣬾ǳǰ档
ȴûһô⣬һ鹧Ĺ
쵶Ǵ˵е
ԭԼ˸ղŲģȻǴ˵еĺ쵶ҶЦղԣȻĪƽеĺȴǾѼȻҶЦԣٶɺ쳾ĺ쵶ӵЦʵҲһ䷨ĳǿΪԮһ뵽²ֱ֮ǰӯĵĺ⣬ʱȥ֡
ԱߵһλҲҵĺֵܣͺѩŴҶİɡҶЦٽܵ
ѩ񣬰ʤѩͬغһ޵ĳǺ⣬ҶЦܵƮȻϬĿɨˣδ˵ֻǵĵ˵ͷȥ
̾ӣ˼㣬ͺѩȻǸߴʤľߣڲǡ֣ǿڣǷ֪ˣ
Ȼĳ˵˲˾ŷȻǲڸʤڣ
ߵһλŮޣҵĺ֪ıӦ


622 Ⱥ۾
ӦվȻһЦλúˡ
ңȴǷ׷͵͵شһ¡ԭǾӦǹɫ㣬ҲֻľɫŮЦȸܡ
ھӦҶЦûжܣڶ࣬׿Ϊտ˵˵˼ҾӦͷʼնЦеıͷΣҶЦٳ´䷨սҪ²ۣðײ˱ɶˣ
λӣ˪ºţӣ¹¹˪
ҶЦš
˷ܵ飬ԽԽŨ
˪ºýܣ¹˪ͷ֮ҪҶЦѩӦ֮ϣǽһ׵ĳ߼꣬˵ܹ䷨һϵģǽľû˭ˡ
֣
ÿһǳ֣һĴڡ
ڴҪܵλƮƹӣ˳ҶЦ˹ᣬһΪףѾԪƷ۷زѷɫκһλ۷ǿߡ
˳Ǵк
ԵʱһСɧ
ЦҲͰˣǱټٳΪдȵľ˵ùȥ˳ôᡭҲǵԪƷ۷֣
⡭ƮƹȻ
ǰµһŮħͷŮħѾΪŮħˣλ˳ȴǰӳϴв˳ɧ꣡
ûᣬǾͿʼо֮ġҶЦ˵š
ڴʱһ˵ǡ¹ҲҪ۵ġ
һķһٸ죬ȳӺˣ룬Ӧ˵ʱѾվ
»ʱ¡˪ºͬʱ˳
ˣ»ʡ
˼״һƬ𾪣Ƶ»ʣ˼ʾȻҲ
ʢ٣
»˵˵ͷʾ⣬漴ҶЦЦ£ûٰɣ
ҶЦһЦ»ʴá
»ƴҶЦλֻѡһλȻȴһҶЦհӣ
ŷܹ֮Ϊŷ˱ʵף˫֮ˣղ»֮ʣ¹Ȼϲȴһǣ˼﹫ϵͷЦҶЦ»ʸǿ᲻ֶȨ״ȻҶЦд䷨սǰõӵ»ʵҪȨĻ۳ɰܣսȻּ״һĻûг֡
»ʶˣƮƹֻóһˣίʵ˵ȥġһĴ롣
һɺƮ֮Ȼ롣
һӰǵŨĺ֮УһɭȻջûһһس֮С
ҶЦ˼״һ¡
㣡ȴǾӦĻϲؽһ
ǺеӰͷҲվǽöȾ֮ء
˵գת˵Ʈƹ
˳Ѿվμϡ
ͷһƮƮվ˺ѩλ֮ǰ
ѩʱоһ˫ϬĿԼһëȻϤоȻæվЦΣ
һȴ˿ȥ
ѩһЦֻһλ£ŭԡ
˵֮ѩΪܼ֮ˣףӦΪΣҶЦҶЦȻϴ󣬵ԵǰףǿǿŸģ˶ѣ
֮ǰһ·ͬУ屻Űǧٱ飬ףβܼɣӦ弫֮ˣδɩĸߴݣȻܼɸ˵Ϊܼ֮ˣҶЦͬУŰβ˵չֳľʵںѩĵ޿ĥĺۼʵ˵ϴҶЦҲδܹʤ֮
ٶ𾪣Ī
ǵ翺Ʈƹ
λ׶βظ֮֡ǰǱΪΨһս䷨ĳܣ
Ȼˣˣ
һħ֮ս
ʱȺܡ˶Ǹоһսʤ㣬ƾࡣ
˸Ӻѩ΢仯²λ㾹Ȼʣ˵ѩЩηοЦû˻Сͨʸнôһ˿ЦǸҲ൱ʵ
ˣǲЦһгһֵļڽһǲܲζ
Եʱһ


623 Ĺ
ҿʲôӣһһأ˭ȻſĿҲмһˣšòƻһŮӣ
һɳǺ磬һ˲ĵȻ𣬾˸еսȪͬʱһλװˣСĿ֮䣬Ѿڴ˼תһȦ˵λ񣬱칬ѩ磡
Ｔʱǡ䡱һȻ
칬ѩ硣
ƮƹƽǿС
ؼŮޣȻҲڴ˿
ֻǣѩڶһٵȫˡ
Ļȫ¶һĴ
׵ĸߴϣ
Ʈƹһˣ칬һˣѩ磻¹һˣ»ʣ
ټıӦֱĹۣ
ǧҪ˵ıǳţνŵ־ǿ֮УӦǰΪļ֮΢֮֮ߣѰ΢֮ǰǿƴ̫ϳϵսδع⣬ĲֹĹˣ
ʹıʵʵ볬ԾޣƾӦһˣ֮УǴ´࣡
Ҳ𣿣˵Ϊ̰ͼƫһ磬أ
ѩ䣬Ǽڽ˵϶ˣС˺˻СңٯٯȵĻɫܿսε̰ҲҪմ֣ǲ񲻱ĳЩ˱ȥ
ɱѩ磬˵СЩ
ѩһЦǿ϶ģô㣬ķ涼ǲģ֪ģ̫֪
Ů˵ɱ˴˻õƣȴӿȵ
ҶЦλͷʹ
ԩҾһ𣬸ãô̸Ǿλָܹ¾ƣʱȻ췽ҹ̷
˿ΨһʸԲģòľֻԼһˣֻ˵λǰ˼Σ֮ͨУҲδܹȻȹ˹أһЩ˽˶Թս˵Σ
ѩٺһЦЦ˿˽ڣСȻҪģǲ֪Ͽϲϸˡ
ѩ绰ﻰĺȻмζʾҶЦӣΪϵϸúܲмһˣڷҶЦҶЦ֣ŷϧ֪ҶЦ壬Ӳ̬ȣⷬȴ޵ķʸƽ˼£
ʵѩϣȻֻһȥ˹ȥȻһƣȴȫȻ
ѩȻ죬ȴĻգЦһ˸λ
ѡλһһңͬλá
ģ
ֻǣѩȻЦţʵл
ʱ͸оˬ¶ɶ¶һ֪ĻΪأ
۾˵ѩ鷳㽫ϵһգ䡣
ѩü˵˭
䣬Ҫظ顣
ѩһĿ֮ɭȻ⻪Ҳƽϣ쵶ǰɣλ֮ѩԸ̵̵β䡣
Ц̫ˣԸҲ
ѩĹĵ£һŷࡣ
£˾Ϊһ˴˰ɣ
ȻҪµʱſھȻ˵ҶôǺȻҲҪմ֡
һΣ˿ϱɫ
ǲ֪ˣͷ͵زһ¡

ΪǾȻ
ΧЦĳޣ˼ʾˣںǳѾȺˣǺγЦĿأ
ƽ𣬾˼壬˽ݸ飬ɲٲѰˣǶܻأȻͰ͵ش
ʲô
ѵߵģ
ҶЦڡһվ
͵һȴ־ٶ֮УȻɣЦס˰
ſڣź˵ߴ̤߽һ׷Ȼ塣
״ϡ
ֱӴ۾ǣҶЦЦģǹȵӭȥ״زס״أСֹԹôˡ¶չʦһ˲͵ˡ
״شӵ۾ǵ˶Բס˼ЦĴ£ں˵£ֲôܲǰЧͣ


624 Ľ
ʦ˵ﻰҶЦͷ˸ҶһˡʲôԵסԲסΪǽܡ쵶
ȻǶҶЦǰ㲻˵ʲô˵ʲô˶վϹȥ״ؿ˵£ǺùˣԲסˣ
죬ܿĿһۣΪΨӶδɱ֣һ֮ǳţҲû¾ʹ˽ҹˡ
״˵˴׷ʮӣͬд£֣л
˼Щæˣ֪ҶЦϵ˽飬æȰοǽͷˡ
һĻȴǽһߵ»𾪵һֱ壡
һ˫̽յһ㶢ҶЦϡ
ͻȻһ󷭽
չʦ֣ʦ
ʲô˼Цô״صϽʦأ
״˵ĵӣǡ¹ѩҶĶҶЦҶǸô
ôôֱЦ
ѵѵ˵
»ֻоԼԺУһƬȻ⣬һ˲ֱӾеҪѣĸоɵõһ
ʵ״ڵõչƷɵĴš˽ҶЦ֮һʼҲ鸴ĪҶЦദĵε֮󣬷ȻǶ֮ˣ۲ԼͽܶԼĻǼ⣬ηֱ治յóһۣҶЦҶЦֻҪʦǵĵӡ
ʲôҪ
˵;УԲ⻹ôһְ˿ټҶЦ˴˵ĺгΧʱ׷Уǰ֮ԾԼĵǸСӣԼıҶ
ͽҪ𡭡ϸԴȥǡ
ûɶ˵ġ
˿̿ҶЦ۾ᱦķɣ϶ϻο
ţҺڳһܹȺ׵ĳ
ǺĹʰ
һĳԹһ𻯽⡭
ֱ˫ϲţ
ϾãԼһѾԲǴ˵е۷尡ˡ

û˵ˣڴ൱ƵȴҲˡ
˾ŷ֮⣬ȫǴ˵е񻰸֣
߿˵ûκһξۻᣬô࣬ȼĸ֣
һΪͬһĿꡣ
ڴ֮ǰֱǲ˼췽ҹ̷ڽ죬췽ҹ̷ȴʵ
л˵ͺã˵¡״źӣЩζ
⻰Ҳ״˵ΪЦʦǺ֮ףȻʸģ
Ȼ⣬˼ȴһҲʧһĴк֮󣬾Ա۹۱Ǳǹģǲ˵ˣǲڡ
ϼһֻֻǰ䡭ֻӺˣıԲ߻ƣÿǣûӡϰ˲ߡ
Ȼˣ˵ôˣݰʸ񣬻ôҲֲϸ
ƹ칬¹ѩ磬¹ȫһ磿
ϽƣҲͲ֣ʼڸϽҪΪƽ˭ڴ˼ᡣ
ȻԽǽܣԽ˽״˵üͷȴԽԽ
Щˣ֪Ӻζ֪ĿĺڣһһƬءƫƫʵǿٹأָǺȫȻأ˼˵·룬桭
һ࣬ѩüԵ硣
Ǻ֯һߣ֮Уĳǰߣ˽ׯ԰ǡᣬͳһΡ
ԷϹʮλˣۺʵ൱ףлʮԪƷ֣ǡĻׯ԰Ŀܡʱץ߸ڣΪѾܹˡ˿̵Įû뵽ģѶʱҼ˲ˣȴҲʲôϢûʳ
۲˼ĵ۾
ʲôˣϵĵһŮħͷԳƣϵḻ֪ʶѶվȻʲôûʳ׿ԣ˭أ
ΪڴˣȴҲ˵Щ˵ļͣѾȥһʲôĵز
ϸ鿴ɱʬ塣˵ۺֳ״ҵóһֲܿĽۣɱŵĿģΪ˶ȡʲôҲΪռ̡ӲΪʲôԹΪʾơ
꣬ǣ꣬Ԫ


625 ӽ࣡
ЩɱˣֻҪʱüͻὫͷȫȥʣµ壬ȫɸʬΪǾĳططΨһþǳȡ֮˵ľ裬еľǡ
˵Ҷھţעÿһ֡
ԸѩҲ⡣
ԭΪƶܣļʶ϶ǲġ
ҲǸղţ˵ûܹӷĺ˿еõϢɻѶֶȲĸԭڣһڣͬжϣ
ں֯Ķ࣬ʮ˵ľԪߡ
һ˵ɲǿԿЦ飬ԴΪĻһƲ⣬ܿĳаʽֶΣֻĳа񹦷зšҪЩԪ߽С
򣬾Բܳ
ֱӸۣǽֹڵưĻֲԣ濪ÿζʹ˼˵ֶΣһζֻɱˣֻἤǿķ
Ͼ̰ˣΪ١ҪշˣδҪ̫Ĺ򡣡䵭˵ţ۾ھŷӹ
һЦɨľŷɫ԰ס
仰Ǵʵȷ
ҪµĻôдˣƣͶˡ
оǣų߾ǣЩնµͷҲĳ;ġ˵ţͷ뾫ǣ߸;Ŀһڵĳֶ񶾵顣
ҶЦʾͬĵͷһúҪγˮ
˵ģġ
ʵϣ˵ЩýҶЦƲ֯Ŀĵһ
֮ǰҶЦں֯Զɻ󲻽⣬жֻɣøôˣ֯ʹ֣ҲὫβɾɱ֮󣬻нһĻʬ𼣣кۼһֱû֪֮࣬һסȡǵڴһУɵóƵĽۣ
֯ĶȻܲ
˵ЩûĻȻռ˼
˴˼ȫǵͷϸš˼ţ˵Щ飬ֻԽ룬ȴԽоëȻ
ʲôĶ֯ȡ˵Ѫꣿ
بδУ
ϸ鱨ϢؽҪΪǲȫغ֯ĶĿڣǵǰĵ֮ǣҪ취ҳǵڣһҪеķʸһ֮𡣡
һݾߣǷɢ¾ա
ҶЦܽ˵ԵģҳǵĻ֮ǰ취Ա
ΨнԼסˣʵȫ̸Щһ
ҵ˼ǡҶЦȣţŷɢ֮䣬Ҫ˴ϵÿնҪϵͨȫΣǴŻɢޣܵм䲿λ£ܵļУⱻ֯ơ
ȺȺľ֮УγһĴģս۳һֻȭͷȴһգ
ҪЩṦƶٶȿ죬ԱǿĶߣȷȫ֮࣬ȥѰáȴҳЩ˵Ĳ֮
ҶЦĿǰԣûиЧԲԣֻԲӦĲӦԵǰơ
ֻҪģôҵǡҶЦоǣҲҪ̫ۣҲ̫߹ԷʵȻѾǵĸĿɱˣ˵ҪɱˡؼǣۺʱţоҪͷǣǸ߶߲ɣ൱ĲƣǲôƵô޼ɵĳ֡
Ծһ
ܴЩɱУ˶ԷǿʵһǶ˵ȴҲ˵˶Էڣڸ߶ͷȻҵ֮󣬸Ȼɢ䣬ȻǾѣȴעЩ˵θڡ
ҶЦƶ˵գΪǵθڣǲȥǣҲһᷴͷǣʱյľսһ̡
ĬĬͷ
Ǵ˼ʣһ㣬Ҫ֣ѴҡҶЦһӴ֯ÿһζءУʲôܡ
ȻĳӴ֯ĺܣ˵ǰҶЦ˵ҲΨֳһ֯ӵΪڻʸ񣡡
ţڼ˼飬Ѿ޽ӽ࣡


626 ˭
Ȼ޷ȷһ֮֯һȴǿԿ϶ģ֯ĹģعƣҲͬĲΣ򣬸
ͻһ仰ֱʯ쾪
ѩ磬»˾ǰһ˼
ɢ󣬾ŸĴǷ׷׳ѸȥԼһڣλϢͬʱϢ˷һսл鰲ţһһʤ㡭
ÿ˶ܣͬʱҲܿ־塣
һּأƺڲЩľսս֮ǰĸо
⽫һǰĴսۣ
ʮԽǰδеһռս
ǣҪɸô
ô
ݣ⻰˵ôû˼ءЦ쵶¹ƹ칬ı󡭡ôĳǿһߣôĳǺһսԸʲôĵܹõС֣
˵Ҳǣȷʵˣ϶УһУС
ڸϽֵ֪ͨǿǻڽϣûЩժԴȥǾǺ˺ˣϽİɡ
۷׷˻ȫٶ
棬Ĭһᡣ
̸Ȼ˽ˣԭ״Ư϶ҪԼͽ˵˵ʱȴȡ
»ȻվЦ£ɷϾһ²⡭ϣЦܹΪҽ󡣡
ͬʱͬ𣺡£ҡ
ֻ˵һ룬»ʵĻһ£ûм˵ȥ
Ըǫ飬һβ֪ΪΣȴǳϵѡһңǰ˵ĿҲԵЩȻ
ҶЦ˼˼غ֯飬Բûü»ʵ֪»ʱʲô飬ҪҶĳЧͣ
ЧͲңֻȷ飬Ҫֽ̡»ʴȻʼչŵЦ⣬ü֮䣬Ƿ˼ŨŨ£ȴκҲܿó
ҶЦһͷá
˴˸к»˳ȥ

ѩ֮ͻȻý
˺üԶԡ
벻ѩȻ壬ǲסһΪһڹﲻء
ѩȻ࣬ٻеģǣһֻСҵ㣬Ȼӱˡѩû뵽ôãôĴףţǴס
һߡ
ܰɣ
۾һС
˵ú㲻ƵáѩһĲмһˡ
˵ܰɣһߣ쵶ǲˬܿҰ
һδԣ¸̣˭ܣ˴˶á
ѩȴǱһڹͷŭԭҪ̺쵶ľâˣղűǳŵβôη˳ˣ
ЦСǣ²ֻС£һһϸƤ⣬ֻ⳥𣡡
ѩޱ˽СƤ࣬Ӳг˽ôСˣĴɣֻһ䷶ͱǸ߿һ뵽˴ŭ죬һͳ˳ȥһ𣺡˶ҹ
ЦŴʩʩȻ߳ȥһһɽ̣칬һ˵ֶΣŶ̱ؼͲˣ
䣡
Ҳ֪߳ԶҵĽֶԶԶ
Ӧ˴˶һۣãȥ֡Ӧ˪ºͬкãŮһ˳ȥ
Ȼǵȥ֡
Ŀڡ˶ǺƢĽɫһ˴ݱܾ֣֮԰ģһЩ˳룬˱ǿɾ͵òʧˡ

Զλǿֵ߽¡¡죬ҶЦ»ڴּ䣬һ·粻š
»ԵأֻһζǰУȫûп˵˼ҶЦǲ֪λ»Լʲô飬һͷˮֻܱصȴڵơ
Ҳû˼ңʲô飬Ҫ̸ʲô
ǰٰ˼ʼպͷ
ҶߵһƬ¹ҫɽۣңԶı˶ˣѩڷ裬֮أһ棬ȴǷƽ˾¹ᣬ΢紵
»ͣסŲԵ쳣ӣʵ¡ǡ㣬ô£
ҶЦЩ»ʵ˼
»һڽʢթ֮£ȻԭȴƲǣ¹֮㵱ǰᣬ˵¹ѩҶġӣ
ҶЦһʹη˵øһ㣿


627 ʹ
֪һеȥ֪ʶЦҶЦȴǡҶĶҶЦ»һתĿ⿴ҶЦ۾Уйϣʵĸô
ҶЦĿɬڿɬȻ⣬ίʵԸԵ⣬һԿȴ뿪ڵࡣ
»һȴҪشҡ
ҶЦת䣬ɭȻ»ʸ£δ̫ܵˣʹ˿ңȴ㣡
ֳĹɣȻ»ʵ⣬ѾĵʹɲǼ鴤һ£һľʹֱͷ
˿̵һͷȻʹ˵ޣȻƲסҪ¶ԼҪͨĳַʽй
»ʵıȴƺҪʹͬ񣬽ضҶЦϣѹ£ҿԲܣ߱˵Ψ£ȴǱҪܵģ
ҶЦ۾ؿ»ʣһɽĿȴƮƮƵƨ£
仰ѾҶЦѹֵ˼սԣ
ֻҪ»ĳӦôʱ˿̣ͻἴʱһս
»һȻٺãҲҶЦ仰ò㱬˶ƤѹסҪֵ뷨ҧ˻˻˵⡭ҵļ£
£
»ظ֣ݺݵұܣ죬Ҫҽͣ򡭡
£ҶЦŭУҲǸоһ㶣ʲô£
Ҫŭһ䣺Ǽ£Ҳҵļ£θɣ
»һ۾ֱضҶЦ۾ãص³һһֵ¹ѩҵͽܡҵŮҵŮ
ҶЦɲǼֻоͷƤһըЩڡ
׮˪ºȻ֪ģȴȴûתҶЦ
Ͼ»ʵĸ˽
˪ºȻǵûƷ֮ˣ֪ҶЦҲС
ⲻܣҶЦѿڶŭȻ¹ѩŮô˹ĸӷ룿޷룬һʮꣿ
ҶЦЦȻˣ⵱ģҲһˡ
»һµŭ𣬵룬ȴǿнŭѹȥԼָƽһֵĿ˵ԭ˺кˣ
ҶЦ༥ѵɷŮĸףҲǺô
Ǹң»ѹһΪҲžŮصҵĸޣ
ҶЦֻоͷĪ塣
ʵϲϣϣʵĵףȴѾţ»˵ģġ
ϣ»ûбҪƭԼ
Ҫ֪Ȼ棬ǿֱǣ»ڴ¼
»ʾƲԼڡ¹Ц
Ǽ⣬ϣʵ𡣡»۾ֱĿҶЦ
˿ҶЦͬйƤ򣬳ȥ˫»ʣʰɡ
Ҷɣ
ң
ҶҼֵҶҲɣ
Ҳң
ôҶҼֵҶ¹ѩĶҶЦǷҲ㣿»ʲơ
ҲҡҶЦ۾
ôЦأµЦɣЦ𣿡
߶ҡ
ǾӦİĽǸˣһֱɣ
ң
»ڱҶЦ޿һһΣ
ҶЦʹҡͷһһ
»ʴŭŪԼȥɣЦʱѾʮˣ׷ȥͶ̥תҲʮ꣡˵ôһ£
ҶЦ̾һֱӲ˵ˣֻ˵֪ôش
˵»ȴʹ˷Źٶʵ˵ô£ѩҶ֪֪ࣿ
ҶЦ̾ϢڣѾ֪˸
»ʻһ𣺡ǡ
ҶЦȻȻ»ʴôµ࣬ҾͰѵյȥȫˡ˵ʵڵģҲˡ
Ŀɫ̾
»Ҳãϴǡ
ұΧ֮ʱֵǳУܣкܹ⣬ʱЦˣǵ٣Ԫ鲻桭
ҶЦһЦΪѾòˡ֣ԼȻû
ֻǣڱ˵
ΪԪߣֶֽΣҲʲôǳԪߣֻҪطУҲб֮ܡҵʱȴȫͬԪ鲻棬ʶҲ϶ûпܣᡭ


628 ᣡ
ҶЦٺٲȻһЦʵʱѾˣ˱˵Ķˣҵʱһ״̬ԭڣֻ±ͬľˣˣǸʱԾǲ֪ʲô飬֮ǵϣ۾һƬա
ʱҶЦԭеֶں½ԣǺģҷһԪ֮Ž֮ȥ⸱Ҳȥ¥աһֻͲΪСϺס
⵹ҲʲôҺγǴײķΧһһɾΪЦҾ⸱֮Уʶ塭
ҶЦ̧ͷʹע»ʣѡҲԸɱ˵ĶӣҶЦЦҶЦ㶮ô
»һסˣҶЦĻȴֺβȻ
Ϊ˵ңһߣȫϵٶͬʱһܵҶԶӵİͬܣĸͬܣ޻١գһؽңϿһҶЦݡ
˵ˣѡɲ壬ԭҶЦҲɱġҳмҪǣмҶЦ׵İЦһ飬ȴҲζծծѻ
ҶЦЦһϿ˸סĸסҵʱ׼ݹһʱ򡭡ҵݣȴ¶ˡҶЦĸĸǴˣˡ
Ҳ֪ʹ࡭ǶȻΪңɱǵĶӣռǶӵ壻Ȼƭǣƭǵĸ飬Ҹ˶УǶٹػȲȡӵʵ
ҶЦľȻЦЦ֪ɣҴСһ¶СûûӡѾ˺þáЦһϧľ飡ͻȻеˡұ˭ϧΨʧȥӵС
վҪʧȥӵУ
ҶЦ۾ʹɫע»ʣҵЩ⣬Ѿȫش㣬Ϊҡ
Ҫ⣬ҲҪʼ⣬ȴûˣܹشңܻشô
ΪʲôֿͬٵУΪǷܹؾۣʾǣûңҶزûңҶѸûң¹ѩĽ¹֮Уҡңҵ˵ʲôЩΪӸ飬ҲǡҲǸ˼ֻ벻ͨ벻ͨΪʲôֻȡǵĶӣȴûпҴǵĶӣһУ
ҶЦͻأغٺЦŲӣͷб۾ݺݵô죿
»Ȼ̾һʱ䣬Ȼܻشֻ
ǰ壬ȷԼӵ塣
ȴǡ
Ӧ˵Ҳ׼ȫתʱֱ˺ȥ
޷ϣԼӣȴҲ޷ϣⲻԼ
޷ϣЦΪҶһУûǰҶЦԾֻѭԭĹ켣ҶҸ¹ѩĽҶѻ򡭡
ԭҶЦֻϵκһ
һʱ䣬Ҳʴӣ
Ժ󡭡
Ժ󡭡
֣ͬʱҶЦ»ʿ˵ȴͬʱֹͣ˵ȥ
ԣٶԵľ֮С
»УҲҶЦĺޡɡԹǡȴԾû׽һ翴һİˣ
ҶЦǰ»ʣԼţĵȻ䷺һɴʹ漴һ
ûʲôԺˡҶЦƽվƺǵѪ˿ڣһ˲ѾʧתȿȡǣѾСһµĺӣһͷβǵӡ
֮󣬾Ҫˡ
ҶЦĮȻӣ̤߳ȥ翴Ӧǡǣ϶ǡûʲôԺˡ
»ʴľĿҶЦԶ
ֻоӰ޾ɪ
޾Ĺ¶
һֱࡣ
Ҫסο䣬ȴ죬ʲôҲû˵
˿̵ȫҶЦ顣
ҶЦ԰ٷְٵĶԴҶңԴҶ򸾣һ㣬»סţҲͬ
Ժȴ֪
ʵĲпᣬȻҶЦĽԼ˼¹ѩĶӣѩὫЦλǰԼĶ

ܣ
»̫˽ԼŮͽˣ¹ѩܹǿЦռԼ飬ԳһΪȴԾΪѵ顣
ͺñԼ֪ʱҲûа׽֮⣬ֻһĮȻԼӡ
ȻĮȻӵ״̬Ѿ㹻ҶЦϼˡ
Ļ䡣
һ޽ᣡ
ע޷⿪


629 һԩ
ҶЦһ·̤ߡ
ÿһоԼһ֣ҲԸӵļᶨһ֡
߻صԼǰ档
ǰվƬ̣ҡҡͷ֪ʲôζЦЦԼ֮С
ӦԹսδأѩҲβȥˡ
棬˿ֻ̾ҶЦԼһˡ
ҶЦܵλϣ˺һͻȻһᣬ³ѪȴǾ𵴹ȣ鼫ѹ֮£ڿƲסѪѪ
ҶЦŻѪ֮࣬һ֣ϵѪ˲ʱʧڡ
ҶЦȴᵹӣ̱˶ı֮ϣľƣش˿һʱ侹Լƣ̲֮ס۾ȫĵطԼô˯˹ȥ
һˣȴҲκ˿Ըοĺӡ
Ψ˯֮۽Ȼ߳һ顣

ҵģվǡ

һߣѩ֣
սľӦ˼ʾĵ⡣
ѩս֮ǰ˱ܵΪѩĶ֡
ѩƳ״ܣ䷨Ƕ֮»ʣҪѩ磡
أȻк쵶һԪ۷Ϊ˵ǽɢ޳һۣһ̫ϳϲԽݣ־ѻߺûôЩˡ
ѲΪоʼֻʱ꣬ξмޣʹֻعЧεĺ󣬶ڵԪǿ߶ԣѲô죬Ϊ̶ȵĻʼѩҪʤһ
棬ѩ£ԶʤгྭУκһ棬ѩʵƺģսֻҪһ浹ͿӮˣ
ʵһ浹ȷʵһ浹ֻߺսȻѹסѩ硣
޵УӲƴ๥֮£ѩȫıֻм֮ȫȻûл֮
˿սάһСй֮⣬֮һֱѹŴ
оӦǴ۾
˪ãкĺѩΪ⣬ΪȻ
ѩΪȻտҲͱ˪κһʤһѣͬʱ˪ǣ޷ӲȻҲҪܴ˪֣ӦУȻӲƴ棬ѩܣѩ಻߱ѩ΢ȻУ޵УȫȻΪ
ۺ㣬ȻҪȫѹƣܹ֧ټãѾΪսḻԵʣսһ浹״֮У֮ڣ
սеѩ˼Ѿؿŭ
⡭ֱܴ裡
ͰԵ˼зƫƫ߳еԣȫ᲻Ĵ򷨣ѩ籶޴ʹֻܾĶܣжתȻַ֮
޹˳״֮£ĹƲԽĴ󿪴ϣԽ᲻
νղɾã᲻أʽδѩȴһʧ󣬳ˣ
ž
ѩһܲϱһƣӲɱһ¡
ЦƷӶأٶչ͹
ѩŭȣܲ˵չȫ
ղһƣûжǿѩ绤ܶûƿһ̸ϣ·磬˰ȴʵѩ޷ܣ
޵йȻͰԵȴ̫ͣԪԶ֮ͨϣѩǱķսֻҪ֮⣬Ļٶȸϲĵʱ򣬱ٷ֮ʱȽ޵еƣķνһͿȻвҰܣѩΪһ©ŭ֣Ԫû̫ʱ򣬾֮չӲƴȴԼ̣֮ӭǿ治ԽԽ
顭
˫ԹԹսһʱѤޡƣȴһɻµӡ
˳ƷˣžһٶѩһƣֻһƵ䴦òƲǺ£ѩβ
ĻɷǶˣòƸΪˡ
һ¶ѩԣܴ裬˼ʻƽǰѩ߷񣺡㱰޳ܣ
ŭѩҪ˵˵ҿŮ֮ǰȴûɱֻ֣һƣôˣôţѵŮôУƫǵ弴ʱսУҲ׼һˣʲôôȫǵˣ
һʱŭͷ𣬾ƱŭӵѩԿ޾֮Ӳѩ繥ԼסѩĹһ֡
žžžž
ʮüѩβŭҾʹƨˣôţ


630 Ҫʲô
ôţ
ˣȻһʻһžĴ˺ü¡
ѩּɢ֮£ͻȻһ𣬵ʱһѪõȥ
״һæ֮һѱסûû
Ӧ״һĴ㵡
¸оһ⡭Ҳ̫⣬̫˼˰ɣ
ľٶˣӦǽ㻹Ͻ˳£Ʊؾҡ߻ħ
æңŶŶŶˡ
˵ղ˼һ֣԰ѩؿλãһֻƹȥѩĺģʼԪҵ
ӦŮ״Լͬһס˶ͷ
ֱӱˡ
˪ãѩȴǵɴ۾Ŀתع⡰ˡһĻ
쵰۾˭㽫ַؿڵģŮܲ׵ĵ㲻֪
˵˵ʲôϳ壬ΨλԪΪЧҲд֮
ŭ˭㲻֪˵ص㣬㡭
ǡ˵ѩһ˹һʱ͸оԼǰһֻ֣ԴȵһۻȻ֮ƽԼ塣
һʱ侹Ȼһ£֪ηӦȻ̧ͷ̲סͣһģһƬͨ죬ٿԼǰŵĴ֣һʱ侹Ȼŭ
㿴ˡҡҡͷһЦʵʤ۱磬ҵķΪЧ
;Ӧ
ȷķʽȷλô߶Ԫã˵صŮܲ׺òãǸֶˣһﵽʲôģ
ص㣿ص㣿
֪ʲôص𣿣
ɵǣ˿ѩķӦһ¡
⣬òƲԾ
ѩֱ˿̣Ȼһ춯صļУԽһ˳ȥҧгݣӣ㲻죡
Цۣ˵ģһµģҲ죡
һ̺ĳЦ
ѩͨ죬Ŀɿڴƿԣſڽࡣ
һͷߡ
ѩô꣬϶ֵ˼νκ˶Ҫ˽⣬ѩ磬˿Ӧ鸴оǣܿǶһĪ˼ûɣûԭ򡭡
ֻһʱ䲻֪ƽ֣Բһ䲻죡
¹Ȼף˿̿ѩӣҲסΪλ϶ָе
˼ҾŮ߼˵Ļѡ
ŮƵģĲ³ӡ
һˣɵһֻ
û뵽û뵽ѩ羹ȻҲн죬ߺߡ
ѩЩʧӣдˬѾͷˣɱҼҹӲԶˣȫͬնȫ߱ɱԣΪԣ֮ȫԼ۱ȡ
Ǳ߲˵°ˬֻе㲻صԱ߻һӦء
ΪһŮˣһͬΪ˼һ˵Ůˣѩļ֮ͬУȻ˵ļԨ֮𣬵ףҿһˣ˶Ҳô
Ӧüŭ˵ԸΪӴɷܹأ
һͷˮզˣɶˣô˵ô
Ӧһŭ˼Ůұ㡭㾹Ȼ޼ɵ£ȴǺ⣿Ϊһ֣ѵһļɻҲô
ͷ㵽˵ʲôʲôˣôͼɻ䣿ѵΪ֣Ӧʲô֪ôݺô꣬ӲŮˣһȥѪģһ˵ҸղŶԵ֮ĩν֮е飬ѹûʹҪԶƤѪģ˵㲻ңȻôģ治Ůġ
ӦѩŮͬʱΪ֮ᡣ
ϣȻ˿ӡ
ңȻȴȻǿ̫࣬һ棡
ӦͬңЦЦȻֻΪĹɶ⣬׾̬
ѩ磬²ŭ֮࣬ȴĪһɣ𼸷οѵһУȻδ飿
ӦʹʵѲôˣѵûҹô
ôôŮ˼
⣬ֱͻ˷ʤ
һЦˬ˵һҵĺ쵶Ѿһ㹻Ҫʲô𣿡


631 
Ůһͷߡ
ʲô۵ѵĺ쵶ͲҪˣӦĿ࣬ŭĺ쵶ܸͬնˣѵÿϻ§ź쵶˯ɣ
Ȼĵܹҵĺ쵶ͬն§ź쵶ͱ§һŮҪǿö࣡ôԶ׼Ĵ𰸣ȻҪʣ
е޷
Ҳʵڲܼˡ
ҶЦĺֵܣ;ӦԶ˵ְһٱ飡
ֹӦ˪ãȻҲӢδ֮СöȴҲͬܲ۵⣬Ȼȥ֮սѾĴýãͲ֪Ϊʲô죡
Ϊ˵ĺѩ˼Ҳ﷢ëͷƤ飬ҵģǰûλ羹ȻôİԵ۵Ҳ̫ǿˣֱҪŮ˶ĿҪ찡
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼزܺڰ˵ôаԵĿںš
Ҫ죬Ҫ˵
ѩ֮²Щ޵ݣৡһŭ죺Ɒ޳Сˣ㡭
Ȼŭﱰ޳ˣƾʲôô˵ңҿľˣղҪ飬ˣҪʩȼʱ㲻Ҳ߻ħۿۣҶôĶݣȻ˼ңŮҪõġ
ѩʱŴ죬β˵һ֣㡭
ʲôңһǧսӲͷδһײвбʲôУǣ޳ĳ˶϶ϲܽܣ
ⷬ˵õǵسǧ
;Ӧһ룬ȻԼѩĻȻ˵ֱӳȥ
ѾˣѩȥĻһְæͬŮӹУ˭˵ôأ
Ů֮ǣѩ羹Ȼû
ǵûûзŭһĪʣȻǸղ˵˻㱰޳䣬ίʵ㲻մߡ
Ӧʱ׷
˪úһԴ۾ȻҲ֪ˡ
ʲô
ǱѾ׼ˣΨ˳֮һڳˡѩʱľڵˣ
ҲУ
漴ѩҲǸоԼ̬ȲԣԼôȻأʱһȣתǽ£Ҫһ
ԸȻãǸղΪ˾һôҪʲôҶмңߣ֪һµڣһ˵ˡս֮ʱҴƨɣأ㡭Ҳһˡսʤһǧ˵㲻
;ӦĸоԼȥˡ
˪ðȭ
㣬Һȥᰡ
Ҳ룡
ѩһͷһһĺߣ磬ֵֹܵƤͷൣˣĵķˣа
ѩֽͻȻȦһ죬νͳ̫Ҹƴˣ
ͻȻһĻӣ転һ
ʱһæңͣͣͣҪʲôҪƴ̫ݣ˭˭ѵ㡭ƴء㾹Ȼҧˡ㡭˻໡ˡ
ҽѩܺ쵶ǰԳȻֱӾͰ˼ɱˣֻһ˵Ҫˣȴü׿޵кһ޻صƣѩκһ涼Է֮תѩҲͳ˽ֱչȭߡ
ȻĳԿ
ѩȴȫĲܣֱһסſڣܲ˵ľͺݺҧȥ
ҽУҲݡһĿϷϽ˻˻˻ˡ
Ӧ
˪ѩľ
ǿЦá
ѩһҧס䣬ݺݷų˵ҪҪҽ㡭
˻˻˻ʲô˻˻Ӵι㡭Ҫˡ
ͽӣӣСˡ㡭ѩԽսԽ£ɴҧסţ˵ˣ˵ʲô
ҽУ˿֮ܡ
;Ӧ͵Ц໥һԷ½ŮȻߡ
˪ü뿪Ҳ뿪˳ִ˶ϵĺѩ


632 У
ôأӦʲôȴֺȫף˵һ棬㿴Ҳ˳ҿҲ˳âһ㡭ôͻȻ䵽һأ
üë˵ҿҲֵö֣㵱ҶЦһҲɡ
˵ҶЦϱܵӹһ˿ӡ
ֻǾӦȫû⣬⣬ҲֻΪŮԩҵԵʡ
ҸҶЦӦһ죬ûпɱô
̾Ϣһѩʲôֱ𣬵ȵز˵ʵڻ¼䣬мӣܱǷУѩˣŲ֪ѩȻԺʵǴ֮
飬ȴʼսԼѹšһһ꣬ػնȣļįȴҲֻܾô¶ȥȻòʣܲɣ
ǿ࣬ǺˣŮ˵ΪߣʼŮģҲһǡһЩȥѹصʱҲҪи
ŮӵԣΪǳǿ޹ء
ѩˣһ򿴲ӣԭûܹ۷Ȼˣһ飬һƫƫ³ӣĵһ㡣
˵ҲѩԼ˼ôһشѣ΢ʱ򡭡Եɺ֮£ȴôһԵǿƣܹȫѹˡദݣıܱѾڳ
ЦһŮĴ΢£ȻͬΪŮӣȴѵĿ͸𣿡
ӦͷӦþ֮⣬ȴ֮С
һ߲뿪ɽͷϵѩ㼴ӵû˹˼ɣҧҽһ
ᶼŶ㵽Ҫʲô
ᱡҡ񡭡Ȼʲôѩ
ֻƴػס䣺㻹˵װɣôܸ㽻
ѩŭգô֪ҪôܸҽҲ⣬¾ͲꡱԽþ
ԽǱأԴ⣺ս֫ײͺҲʹ㼸¡Ҫʲô⽻ղҧУʲôһռ˱ˣ⣿
ΨһоǣŮʵǲ
Ķռˣռˣѩ״Ʒ転ŭ壺ô޼ɻĴ򶷷ʽôǴռұˣͽӣ
ռˣҷ飡˼ҲˣŮô֪ô
ʲôռˣһӾͲռŮ˱ˣܻ
ղŻˣ
û
ˣ
ûУ
㻹˵ûУС

ŭٸҶҶ졭ڱҴˡҸ˵
򰡣򰡡ѩĿơ
˰ˣ㵽Ҫô㽻˵ʹ໰ɣΨһĸоôһ˿ŮˣԼǵѡ˱ᡣ
⣺󣬾ԲŮӴˣʵ̫ˣ
ֻǴһѣԼ飬о֮ôôء
֣ôһŮˣôܵϱ칬֮ء
ѩŭҪܣ׼ôҽ
̾Ҹĵر
У
ڵ
У
ʯ㿪ֳɣҾ۾ǡ
ввС
Ҫô޿̵ıˣôģҲҲУҪô㽻ҪҲҪˣ㵱ŵˣҵһжģҲ¸ҪˣвУ
ȻѾѩƵò֪룬¿ڲԣſں˵ˡ
ԣ
ѩ翡εͨ죬ȴ۲תһڴӦ

˲ʱɵˡ
Ȼͷһεı飬˵ɶ
ѩĿ˵ԣ
ӵĺͿˣͷҸղ˵ɶˣˣҸղ˵ŰŰ
ûۣѩԽԽ죬
ǡҪůѣҡҪź֡һķ˼ţһĴ鿴ѩ磺˵ԣ
ѩҧ촽ûۿԣ˹ˣ
ԺͷԼһѣ۷ֱ૵⡭ⲻΰɡǶѵΪղ߻ħֱӵķħˣ


633 С
ѩݺһѣҲܣԼ˵ģôˡߣҪǸұԣҾ͡Ҿ͡
Ҿ͡ϰ죬ѩ緢Լ˵ȥɴࡰߡһ΢ӣ㻹ɵվʲô
ԴᡭỹǷӦ
ѩһǰ˿ǱԼҧѪģĳ˶䣬ô
죺ѶҲôҧ㿴۲ۡ˻
ѩܸɴؽԴ˹ҧҧҧ
ǱˣͻȻ͵վסһԴôģ˵ŵǲǣûǲǣ˵ģǿЦ
ѩ¸ҵĵûܿЦ𣿣
һ㶣漴ЦͻȻǰһһѽѩ§ڻԼţһʲô
˵գһţֱӾͽѩСסһǡ
ѩʱ¶СⲻС
ߡ⻹ɵ˵ʲôôԵǿƵظס촽ţҵȻôôôŪôŪ
ѩˣβǡ
ûʲôǣ
Ȼһӽ漴ֿڼͷһ£һ飬ղ˵ĻҪŵĻǲģ
ѩ۲תһ˵Ҳ˻ô꣬ʲôʱ˵ѩ˵㻰ˣ
ЦãǾͲ˵ģδޣδȢӦţҾ϶㣬ôˣ
ѩ磬ȻͬʤӪĽ̤ȥ
ѩıϣܵ׳˶ı׳ɽÿһͬǿԽɽһơ
һ۵Ӣţ
̲ס
ֻ֣ʶرס
ͨ죬ȴȻһƽδеİȫС
ѩƯ꣬Լһ
ָоҸ
ĺҸ
ĺҸ
ҹ紵ѩ磬λһ۷ܣӳ֮һı칬һ̣Ψһĸоֻ
Σļ䣬

һϲҳ
²䵽һ˵ϣǱĵ˸ϱǹ⻷ҶЦߣȴأ䵽ʷ͵㡣
ֻǣûнٱĪһݱ쳾ǣص˯ˡ
ûַʽ磻һֱʲô£ԼŬıŲѣΣҲԼȳ˯֮С
Ͼ˵ĵطǽΣʱ̲⡣
գȴֻԼľƣһǰδеŨУǿġ
һ첻ɽᣬҶЦһ춯صΪȴֻΪͽ̾κΡ
ô˯ˣް
ֱһ֡뿪磬һ˭ҲҲҵĵطеС
״̬µҶЦǽĹع˶·ŵʷ͵㣬ֻҪһܹƿҶЦܣ̫ߣֻҪеԪ߽ʵߣͿ׾ٵնҶЦͷ­⵽ҶЦܷ߱ˣΪҶЦһ̣߱ܶˣ

֮⣬ŮԻЦ߹
ѩξȻĵķˡƲ죺һɼ۹Ҳǲġ
ӦǺЦ˵ѩνǶ϶ͷˣǴӵʦŲãͿʼһֱڣѩ綼Ѿҵ˹ޣҪĺûɫûоԼȱʲôô
ӹһ˿󣬵ȿȡ
ɿһʱֱӲ֪ôػǡ
ôش𶼲ԣ˵֪ԼȱʲôԼŪԼ
˵Լ֪Լȱʲô֪ѾƱˣô
Ӧ϶׷ʲô˾Ȼ˸ķģ
ԼҪôشҵƱ𣿣

Ӧ۲Ŀءػ˼ѵǡѾˣ
ֻоϷȣȴһʱһ
ӦЦЦ˱ȻǵӴɷ򣬵ֻҪҶЦţǶ϶ϲԾġ
æ˸Ӧ˹ȥЩԶˡ
۴ʱ䡢˴˵Ľϣκһ棬Լ֮Ӧ߱ɱԣΨһһǿҲֻԼѾҶЦɶˣӦǴ֮
Ȼòǣ⼿λģòƶǴ˵еСأ˵Լ֪ԼĶλξԼ̫ţܻɶɶأ


634 ҵ檣
ʱŮѾߵҶЦǰ档
ŮͬʱеЩԾ
ЩԾʵ̫Ծˣ
ΪȻ洫һ˯Ȼƻȴĵȷȷ˯ˣΨ˯÷ǳ״̬ܳ
˱˴˶һۣеֻ´ˡ
˯ŵҶЦôԼ˶ѾߵſڣûвǶ϶ûֿܵġ
˵ҶЦѾ۴ܣֻԪԪߣҲô
㣬Ȼں½ʱ˯ҲãֻҪİ˽ӽʮɷԲΧ֮ڣԾɻἴʱѣܹʱӦ䡣
ڣԼѾߵ˽ߵ⣬Ȼڴࣿ
ѵҶЦʲô˵İ㣿
ӦòܣܰҶЦôһǡ
Ůٶȶһۣ˶ԷеһĨ־塣
Ȼ˿ڴˣҶЦôԷ˭
һ뵽Ůʱ䣬ɵһͬʱ˽ȥ
ֻһȥŮĿȴٶסˡ
ķҶЦ
Ůô󶯾ķ彫ҶЦȻԾûԾڴϣԾɰ˯ţ·ûκζһ㡣
ô£ӦһĿ־壺ô˯ôô˭ô
ʱҲ˲ζҶЦĹػֱһ嵽˴ߣҶЦ˯Ŀ̲סһ漴ĿһȻҶЦϵ쳣һۡ
ˣʲôԭܹȻλۣ쳾߷Цأ
жȻһֻоһԵʹд
Ӧ˼Ҳһ㣬ʱҲ̲סһۣ૵ᡭȻˡΪʲôʲôԭ򣬾ȻܹҶЦᡭ
˵Ȼһ
漴Ȼվͷƣѵǡ
ʲôʲôԭ򣿡ʵ
ӦҪشȴ⿴ϵǷݽʹԼҶЦĹģһ֣أһȫȻ˵ġ
˿̵û£ʲôûУֻǰŵˣ
˶ѣ
Ӧֻоصһһ
״̬ھӦԣİ˵˿һ澵ӵĻԼղŵı飬׿òƵĻһ޶ǡ
㡭
ѵǸˣȻҲǡҶЦ
ҪȻΪλˣԼȫͬУ
ǹվڱɽ֮ۡߴʤŮӵһ֡ʲôʱΪ˱ôż
ôʹ
һ˲䣬ӦȻеãȻ
ȷԼжϣ
Ϊʲô
֮ǰҶЦ̹Ϲں½£һ¶Լһ¶ҹԭδޣΪҶЦٶԶ磬һůСѾͷĿǰ䲻ʲôһ䲻ıȻһϱ𣿣
ҶЦ˿״Ӧקĳˣź򣬱ĳ˵׻мãʲôʱҲֵģ
ߣһ֣˼ɵĵסҶЦؿڣһɾԼ͵ķʽԴԴȥ಻
ȻΪտȴĵһʱͷ˸ӲԾط
ҶЦûκ쳣
κε
ԸӵĲԾȻûκΪ⣬ػ˯֮죿
ǡʱҶЦ˯Ȼ۾̾˿ĿȻۣϲֵؽе
ɲǼãȻʧ롣
ʡԼղʵ̫ģûԺԾͳ˽
ڣճ죬ҶЦ˸ţ
ȻճǲǱô
Ӧ૵˵ȻͷŵĿ

ʲôʱܹ˽ˣ
ƺô͸ô׽أ
òƾʹû˵ҶЦйʲô
֮ǰҶЦԼ˵ĺ֪֮УȻиǾֻǸңôҲôһأ
ҶЦһץס֣˵Цû뵽㾹ȻԼˣֻصߣ˵ү䷨Ϣ֮󣬸ϹİɣүɣСѾͷ
СѾͷ
Ӧ׷
ҶЦͷȻԼ£Ҳʱһԡ
ЦЦ⡭ô£֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡һߣӦͬ׹ãȻʵ
Ϊһ¡ҶЦЦ棬Ӧ֣֮ǰ˵ġں½ʱҵ檣
檣
Ӧһӡ׵ˣ


635 ֪
ǾӦ˼Ҫ˲ʱͷתҲŪ⵽ôһˡ
һǿߣϵһŮħͷȻں½ҶЦ檣
=
᲻̫ˣ̫ˣ̫˼˼飬˰ɣ
㡭⡭ӦоԼԴһ̴úˡ
ҶЦ߲Ŵӳ˯ͷȻЩѣ˿̷ǵûע⵽ŮϵĹ죬ûע⵽ΪߵĳܣأԸ˵˵֮ǰǸ˵Ǽҹλĸôеһλˡ
һʱ޴룬糺죬ŵ⡭ҡ⡭
СѾͷզôĺأǽһˣԶҪһصģšȵԺүҵ¶ĸˣԶٲ롣
ҶЦο˵Ըᣬ˳ӣҲֲˣѵôһ𣬽Ȼ¶࣬ҲһһСۡ
˵ҶЦĻϲ֮ǰǳȵȻ޴档
û뵽һֱʧѾõıԼ֮ǰɷѿġ˴󹦷ûҵıȻҵĽУطˡ
ҶЦ̾˺ð˴һ˵½һǿ߾Ǵߣ֮ǰڵļ϶ΪԼ⣬ñصԼߵģ
ˣ㵽ںηʱһľˣǰ㣬𣿡
ҶЦ΢ЦţʵҲûϵֻƬһֽҲû£ôȫ׵ʧˣҵ˺þãң˵Ǳٻ֮ڣġ
ֱҶЦģҶЦ˵Գգ˼ʻǵžӦ˵Щ黰ֻоԼǳͷβ׵׵޵ˡ
ƫƫǰ㷴ʶҲ޷ҶЦֵǷ
ͷµĵҡҡ
˰ȴһĻҲû˵
ǱߵľӦ̲סˡ
ǱЦЦʵ˵⵽ôһ£
ӦŭѾ׵ĺͿˣ⵽ס⡭ô˭ܸҽͽ͡
ҶЦȻʧЦ⡭ﻹʲôɽ͵ģҵ檣ں½źҵģͻȻʧˣƲӦӦĳţĺˣԵʻ֮ȥ˺½ųҵټҵͷǣ֮дԵȻͰ͵Ĵλ벻ͨйϣⲻǺһ˳°ô⻹Ҫʲô𣿡
ӦסԼͷŶҪˡ
ҶЦ˼ڲһ㲻
һֱʹͷٿһͨľӦȻ˵šѲɡǾȻˣ

ӦĿԣ˴˵Ŀ⣬ƽпġ
û֣̿ûԴЩ󣻶ӦУȴľȣţֻЩЦԷǣԼһ˵Ļĵ
䣬ôᷢ˼飿
ĵ޷⣡
ôܣ
飬Ǵȥٷ֮һ򶼲š
ⲻܷȴôʵķԼǰ
ƹϡһŮħͷ䷨Ĵڡ
ҶЦһλҹӣΪͬһʱ򡭡ͳҶЦ檣
ɣ
᣿
˳
ӦĸоԼҪˡ
Щܹһϵ𣿣
¹ܣǬɣǧ񲰡
ҶЦĸǳദƽö˳Щ
ͷӦһ
ҶЦԼ˵ôˣ˿˿ۣŮһܲԾ״̬Ȼʵʲô飿ôС۵˰⸱飿
Ӧϳ鴤һ£һͷߣڴףҲСۡǻûףǸʲộ
Ӧǰһףһ仹ûףòǰìܣȴ̣׵ģɫ죬˼ȴֵҶЦˣ
ĹϵҲ˵úôҶЦ
ոô׷׵ô
Ӧһߣ֪֪
ȿȿȡҵؿ
Ӧʱס˿ڣԾһĻĵ
֮ǰ˵̫𣿵ʱҴֲԪΪСϺ׼Ϊ
ҶЦЩȷ˵ȻЩǲϸˣһȻҷ˱Ϊȫޣ״ܲԡ


636 ĸС
һСŮȻͽ˻ȵȬ֮ҷ֣ѾͷΪˣ𡭡ǵԼʲôʲôҲ֪Լ
ҶЦůЦЦʱıСһңһ뿪Ҷġ
Сϡ
ܸһŮħϵô
Ӧһĳ鴤ҶЦֻдˡ
˼ֻоԴһƬһ㣬ͷѣ֪ԼʲôҲ֪Լ˵ʲôֻǴ㶵ڴߣͷ
̬һԼҹ˽ͨ檣ĸץУһ˳޴ӡ
ʱȫʧ¿廹رϲڷźңǾÿԣշ
ҶЦһʼʱЩִģҿѾͷȴɣ˳ҲǹȥҪǣĵ״棬ƣԣҾ͸ɴ˷
ҶЦΪ˵ûȿȣѾͷźˣͦλǸѾͷ
ҶЦĽӦɫԽԽǹ죬ķӦԽԽ̲ס
ڡ
۹ӦڱЦڡ
ǰ״ԣֻǰյ˵Ӧ۴ķ潲ԼԲӦЦģǣ״ȴʵ̲סЦ
ڣӦڿȷһ£ҶЦֱ˿̾ȻԾɲ֪Լλ檡˭׶ԷʵݣȻǽһͨŮ
оǣ֮ĹϵΪֹԾɴϡͿ״̬Сţ׵ģҶЦȴڹ
ҶЦסЦʲô
Լ˵ģҲûʲôɹ˷Цĵطɣ
ҶЦӦǱֵӺݴȣοȻŭ⣬֮УЦòҲЦЦʲô
ɫԽԽ죬Ѿȥ޵ݵĵز
¶ġ
ʵ̫ˣ
ˣ㻹úϢɡӦЦ˵ڣҿ϶Ҫ檡˵仰ĸҪ檽㲻ɣ϶İɣ
檡ҧøء
ͷ̧ˡ
ˡ
Ӧһ仰ᵽ檡ȻǽͷΣԼͷϣ
벻ЦȻôб£½ʱ򣬾Ȼôһ檣ȻˣҼӦٺЦЦ
ҹҪϢҳһ¡Ӧһг֮⡣
̾˿վһһ˳ȥ
˼ҲûҶЦ潫ȫס
Ů߳ȥҶЦͷоƺԼʲôҪط࿴ĵطǣǱûпɵĵطǸǻʲôԼĵطأ
ӦķӦ֡
бķӦòҲ֡
զ¶
ȵȣӦòơͦӣ
ǾӦĶһЩʲôεˣ
λ󹻰
ţԼӦʵ鳬ʥ֮ͨϢ糣ˣǼߵģԱΪòƲ״պϵԼ߰ɣôģ
ſصʱ䣬Ϊ
Ȼĳ˻ûֱΪֹΪֱ̫ˣ

ŮһǰһӦǰһ·ܣҲֻõͷš
ֻ޾
Ҳ벻ᷢ¼
ղһҶЦƺԼαװҲˣɴûüϣôֱӾȥȴץš
Ҫǡ
ҶЦȻ͵žӦ桭ȱ۵ģȻ͡檵ġ
ŶҺ
һ·Ҳ֪߹˶Զһֱκģֻ֪ظžӦܣһ仰Ҳ˼˵ˡ
ǰľӦͣסˡ
겻ȴһײϣɼ˼Ѿȥʲôز
۹Ӧʵ̿סٶȹЦ
ЦʲôһװͰ͵ӣȴͨ졣
ѽȻô᣿ӦϷʵĿ㲻˵һ檡ȻҶĸˣ᣿ֻ֪֪վţ㹫˯ʱ㻹ðǸǱӣŲһ仰ϳȥ
ŭң
ӦƲ죬б۾Ҳңһ檰ˣʲôҵģ
ŭܲܲҪ˵˵ʲô檵ˣ
ӦЦԼˡȻ˵⻹ûеˣ
ʱͬйƤüֱĳɶˡ
һ֮УʹûǱ


637 ǰ
ңҿ˼ѩ粻ڣ϶ͷ֪飬Լ͵û·ˣǺֻϽˣ
ʹ˵ɣզ£ĺȤ֪ӦסԼӣˣ㻹˵ڶۣЦġ
̾˿һƣô֪ô£Ҳһͷˮ
Ӧһ˵㲻֪ҿǺ֪һɽһ㣬ѽϣȻרȥңŮԳҽݽáֲɽɣȴﲻɽˡ˵㣬áĻɹ
ࣺҲǸ˼
˵ɶ˼ӦһߣʱѾ֪˰ɣ˵㲻Ǹ˼
˰죬ͻȻЩζ˵㣬ܲܲҪ˵ҵʵݣ
ӦĿɶ˵ѵҪһֱȥǸǱӣ
ǡҡǡſڽࡣ
˵˵Ҳ֪Ҳ֪£ĺȤ֪Ӧ˵ˣˣٿӦô졣
ʱģʥʶ٣ҽоҵ񹦹ѾҪѹסˣƹĳһգҵֻʣʱ䣬ͻ⵽ٷɣֻһʣҲʲôǱ칬ѩ磬иͷ֮գת۾Ʈƹ֮ʱ
һǡҳѹƹ٣ܵ칬һҪǡһ죬ѩ֣ಫ
Ӧ̲ס̾˿
ͬΪһ֮ȻܹףΪʲôôʹ˼֮¡
ȻԼͬ״֮£Ҳһôѡ
ȻֻܻˣԼ֮ԼƱؽ϶ѹôԼʱ䣬ȥսһ
ܹƴܾˣͬھõĽ
һ죬һѹƹ٣һսѩ硭ȻռϷ磬ɾǳȫڶʱһ·תתȥ˺½ϿաۼΪҴ߱Ԫ羫飬ƴ̨
̨һԭѾѩǣѩսѩ˶ȥԼȻƴȫʤʵȴʧȥʶӸ߿ֱ׹䡭벻ʱֱҶҵСԺ棬˴Σȫϡ
ҹҶЦҾˣȻʱѾΪ˹أҹٷɣ¹御ɢֱƽһ㣬׹ʱײͷмȫʧ
ʱȫʶ״̬𶯽ˣϡͿѾͷȻ󣬡ʶռλѾͷȻޱȿ֡
̵ĸ飺ұʱָʼ߷Īʱգоԭһ֮УӳڣֵӣȻǡڹߣѾͷǶʱ䡣
һα˺ǻ΢һܵ˹ػˡ
ǲɾҩ˹˵£ϵľʧȴ֮ģǷĵޱҸ
ϣ˹⡣
ȻǶʱ䣬ûκļ䣬߳ƣּɽɫϣȫ棬һеαװһȻ޴棻֣Ҹһӡ
󣬳檣Ȼûио㿹ܣеľֻҸ㣬ԼпɿİȫС
˺󣬲֪ǲԵ춨֮ܺޱȣ죬ʶĽӴȴѾҵĹٷɣˮĥķʽ׻񹦵ȫ٣ˣҵĹʶ佥ָֻұڣ˭ûвѣʱңԾֻǱ
ûз⣬ҿѡĻôȥô֣µС檡һֱһϣδ͸Ե
ЦһȻ컯Ūˣ֮һιΣյʱеǰʱ޷ӦҲ޷Ӧµ˸ŵڱչصңа취ߵģֻҪˣȻз̵أûӣһ
Ǹʱ򣬸ˡ׻ָʶɬ˵ʵڴ֮ǰʶѾԻָָļ䣬ʵһֱǿѹţԼָ


638 ΢̬
ʱһݸоһָ˱ļ䣬ѵõҸҲͽҶȥ
һΣǲָӾͱɡ
֣֮桭ңɱ֮ת򡭡Űûڣ֪ôԵĻһжûзǻص֮ÿ춼ǧٴγ嶯ǣٴȥȥ檡
ȥź̷Ѿͷ
ʲôƮƹϣʲôͼҵҪ׵Լ֪Ҳᡭ
һֱûв棬ֻҲ񣬼Ȼ֣㲻ܷӦõλ񣡶Ů˽飬ֻʱ£
һֱ֪ҲƲס˼֮飬ǰѰңһ֮ͬУʱҲźȻ֡ԭҵĹӣȻҲô
һ½ͨҹӣǡ򡢺ųЦӢ۵Ц
ԴˣҵûκεִоϲΪӣһĿԣִ˺ܶ࣬ΪԹӵ츳̡ԵҪػ۷壬ʱĹϵ
Ϊ̫ΪˣԼ֪ʵݣҲһ뷨
뿪֮ȥ㡭
ЦȻǵĽݡ
Ӧ˵ΪʲôȥҽύأѵûֻҪɱң֮κε谭ûˣʱжԼɱҵ˿ɲţһڶĶʵЦЦºף뵽˭Ҳ޿뵽ġ
ٺһЦ뷨Ǵûġ
Ȼ̾˿˵ҲУҲ֪ǲǱ˼άӰ̫ˣҲ֪ôˣһʼͽԼλ檡檣ôȥıĸҡһ㣬Ҳǰһڣˣһаֻա
ҼȻϲôԸЦ
ֻšȸ㴦ùϵģʵʵ޶⣡ЩžӦֻû뵽ǣ飬Ȼһȫ޷ֲʱ򣬵汩¶ղһ̣޵ݡ
ӦٹһЦֻоͷһȻ
ڱĴڣӦȻȻ˵ȫ⣬ѾԽܣֻǽȴ֪νȻԼǿԼύģȻܴ٣
תһ룬ԼύʾãʵȴǶԼһأֺãĻòҲǲܽܣߣʱʵԼǸߵ̫࣬ҪԼ㲻˵練ƣҲʲô¡ģҪǶԼ֣ԵϢɾҿȫûкۼ
Լ˵˵ԼĵˣΪ٣ôҲҲͷϣ
ȾϵһŮҸʱ̣ȴûô
⣬֣
㡭ҪлĿݴȲǡӦ˸м˵
ЦĲҵҲΪԼлҡ
Ӧ̾˿֪ʲôζ˵벻ղһͷһߣǽáȻͬһˡ
һ죬£㣬Բס
׵ġӦЦЦ£Ҳûڡ
ΨпЦ
ɲôô˵ף
˵ףһ仰仰ܹ˵׵
һҹŮ̸˺þá
ȻѾΪʵӦҲľʲôͳҶЦھ֮أԼû˵ʲôߣҲҶЦ֮ˣԽˣԼҲأܵ൱˵
ΨһþӦеͷ۵ǣҪôһҶЦ˵˭뵽Լ˵ģֻһ檡һġ檡Ȼһ˾㤵Ľɫ
Ҳ֪أӦڤڤðһͷЦӵһ檾Ѿ˾㤣δֵ𺳵ֵزأ᲻Ҫֲأ
оǣҶЦǷԼȫ̹أ
ǲǻûϵأ
иһЩûϵģ᲻Ҳиӱ뺷ıأ
һߣһߣģûǲҪϹĥһһأ

ҶЦ氲˼Ʈɡ
Ӧ˽̸ҹʱҶЦڲϵĻ룬ȴֲ֪Լʲôһ̾
ԼҶ֮Ƿݸĸ֮飬ʼĨģǡҪĳΪһˣȴҲǾԲܡ
߱ʹ໥ڣԵ͵ìܣ


639 զģ
Ψһֵøοǡǣ˺ӡҶЦ¶һĨɬ˵ο벹ɡ
ţ̾˿ȴ֪ΪҶңڸпԼ
ţȴӦ˽ӦߺЦȻˣ⼸úźλүɡǾñط꣬ҾͲˡ
˵ţһǰŸϽȥźĹү
˵գЦתȥ
ֻǽЦ¶ɬĴ⡭
һ벻ôˣȻһͷ
ҶЦһ£׵ıִֵվһߣһͨ죬ɵ֮Ĵ𣬵żղ˵裬Һúÿ㣬С
˼Ҳ֪أԱĿҶЦʱ̬ƺȻת䣬ٶȱǸСŮҶЦĻȻûΥ뷨ӦһȻȻؿ˹ȥ
ӡ
ϤȴмİоĺҶЦ۾̰ضŸǰļˣ̲סͷһȡ
ôʱǰѸﻵˡ
ӦܿԲҶЦѾܵúܣѵڱϷŹ
һţһѽ§˹ٺЦɵñӺúÿҵıþò˻ˣˡˡ
һ̣ϸϸ
һҹá

ڶ糿ѾûôֹҶ٣Ȼһ϶û˯߳ʱأˬȣҲֻûƽʱôֱͦ
һҹʱ䣬ҶЦûͣԼԣŻǧ˰ƣڵñȥһֱ峿ҶЦ߳񣬱ͬһ̯һ㣬ڴϡ
£ȻһСָͷˣǴ˼ڴϣ£Ծڲͣ΢羷һ
عھȻôǿֱҪڴϣ롣
ǿȣȻһҹ֮䣬ҶЦûֱǲ˼顣
һҹĽⲫսʵ̫ˣڵ˾Ӧ״ʱȻûаžӦĴһϷ߽˵ѽһϿǹء
࣬ûˣԱ۾ĳ˵ĵ٩
ֻǹүҲ֪ϧ񲻽ļһ㿴ǱŪáһ̯ˡӦ˵˵ţƬ̺ԼһҲˡ
ĪӦϵЦʵȴѣϾҲӢδޡδµĻƻŮ
Ժһӱһ̯͵ġҶЦһٺٺٵĽˡ
Ӧϵʱһ죬ͽӣ

ɽУȺƼ½д˷Ϲ
Ӧ¹˪ˣԷĳȥ̽ϢżտҲԮ֣ŮΪѾ԰Դֻع֮󣬼䷨޷˵ʤҲɱȫݡ
㣬ҶЦţȻҲͺܷĺܰġ
ȻҶЦȴǡ

糿ˬҶЦȻ֣ͬˬһɫˣʩʩȻشòƻֹˬоһҺˬĵС
ߵŮӣһ⣬Ȼûɶ¶ܿԼһŬĽⲫ
Ȼ⣬ҶЦȵģҶЦ𾪵ȴǡ
ôԽԽ칬֮ѩأ
ҶЦ۾ٶȶϸţûľѩ磬ʹ˿̵ȸ֮ǰ֮𣬵һտΪƭ˵ģ
Ǹƽ֡
һˣҶЦԺһƺʲôҪ飬ԼԵģţʲôأˣʲôòҲûԼֵܵҪȷ¡
ɶʱ򹴴һˣ̫˰ɣŮҰޣҶЦ񼡣
ǡҶЦڴƽ֣ʵĿѲƺҵʲô˿
ѩϵʱһ죬ȴ¸ҵαӡ
Цֵܣܡһҡá
ԼĴλѾӦֻĲ鲻Ըļһ䣺á
ҿ㡭Ҳ̫˰ɣҶЦĿࣺ㵽զϵģ
ѩһ죬ݺݵذҶЦһۣȴҲ֪ǰֵ֪֮ܣһʱȻе㲻ˣȴʲôû˵
ʲôйϣ˵⣬һ飬̸һ̸˵һ˵֮󣬸оͶĬޣ֮ϺܴȻȻǼɲһһġ


640 
û˵꣬ͻȻ죬ȴǱѩݺݵסһ⣬š˺üȦ
ѩˡ
ʲôɲһ
᲻˵˵Լ˵ôǸͷࡣ
Ͳܹ˵ǰߵһ飬֮ʲôģǶ⾳ƣ
ҶЦ°ͣЩĵǵ˵۸ѵܣ࣬ϣʧɢѾõҾñطꡭ
Ŀһģ
ҶЦһЦ»м٣
ֵһ۶ӣղһչչЦڲС
Աߵѩ࣬ŽŵаˣһԵͽӡ
ҶЦоɺϣȴ֪ɺֹôһ㣬ɺϿɲôһ㣬ǡѩһǰԩҽͷ˴֮䲻֪˶Ʋ󾢵С
ȻϣԼһߡ
ɺϵģһӽŮˣҵ˺Ȼֵܡ
ϴҲȥ̽Ϣ˶󡭡ЦУѩϸһԾ𣬳ȥ
ι˵ҪԴڿǽҪͷҶЦմУǧʳ֪ζҸɽ깾ȥأ¶
ѩӰѾʧΨадѩһŭȡ
ޣ
ҶЦΪ跴Ц
ţ»״صҲ׷׳
ת֮䣬Ӫկ򣬾ֻʣҶЦ
ֹ֮Ż³ٿҶЦʱ̲סһ죬һҧ촽תͷȥ
һĹĵӡ
쵰ȻԼھӦǰôĶ
ֱǣֱǡ
һֱڣԼԾһֻĲоͬһɹɵתֻǿҶЦаа񣬶ûһģٶȥ
֪һ￴˹˹ĵģظ¾Ȼô
ǸײǴ
ʵòƹ߲Ҳû֪
ΪֹΨһһ֪òҲֻоӦѡ
ӦȻǲйܵġ
ԣҶȻö֮شԼŮεԾɲйܣ˼ҲƽһΣԱĿĴ֮ͥ¡
ҶЦ˼ʾǲγƱŤڵĸоȴǣƺǶǣֵʱֻˡ
ڵԼδؾԼͺô
ǰһеһУȫԼģһжйԼǰһȫ㶨
˻ƽսǷŭϲãȻΪԼֵǰ湫ӵĿԳŵޣ
ΪԼֻҪСˣС̺Ӿͺˣ˶ѣ
ϾӰҲûɵǣңҲÿǽնҲںνĹ¶Ҳ쳾ļȣ
ҺҸжԼ˵
ԭһֱҪģӡ
ûݣֻһܴܵСѾͷǸжã
ʱ롣
֪ôǰʱһλǰˣҼϴˣףλܵʱ򣬸ֱӰ㣬ڿ˵Сʲôλ꣬Ĳء
ҶЦЦţĺȺܵĺ䣬ԶԶȲģǻֵĻҼҪȥˣ㣬ܹϿӰҲá
ҶЦԼоԼǼֵĻԼȻҽƹϵԼŮҿû֪Լ㲻Ҳñĭ˭˭˭Ҳи޶Ⱥòá
ȻԼڵΪڱǸŮħͷԼһսȴҲעܱ顣
𣿡ЦţȫҸ㣬ʲôӣĺ𣿡
ʵҲûòʱ̶ں֮УҲɴʵ˵Ҳ֣Ȼȷʵ񣬵죬˵ȫʣȫͬ
ҶЦСԴҲ֪ΪξϴûʲôӣһὫģ
΢ЦֻҵӰӣǰˣֻҵӰӶѡ
˵仰¾ǴȴڳԱĴףʲôСѾͷģһ㣬Сһ㣬ʲôҡһ治ᣡ


641 զô
ҶЦ泩һ峿¿صߣĺÿģÿ
ҲǣҲǵģ㶥űݣҲˡ˵
ü۽ǣ̲ס˼Ц⡣
ҶЦǰܣǸо˺ܾûйд⡣
ΪĵҶЦͷѹҶȼ飬Ƿ޷ŽƣҲ˳嵭ࡣ
ҶЦ޵Ůɽּߣ;Ȼǲϵϸܣҷ׷ǰʺãڸҶЦı˶¶޵Ŀ⡣
ô崿СѾͷƺ¶һ۵ഺȶ
һôϲ
ʵ̫ˣ̫崿ˣ¶һľɫ˶̲סǷ׷׿ޡ
ˣλǡ
ҵŮһѾͷǺǣ£λչˡ
ǰֱνɫ㣬üĿ续֮˵۱ɫֻݣеޣҲҲڶλľɫ
СѾͷøԵھߣȻǰ;
Ҳǻ۶ߣܹŮߡҵǿ۾˹

ҶЦһ·˵Ĺά۾һЦúϲ£ǫ飺Ѿͷ֮ˡҲǿܿ
仰ˣ֪ǲЦˣҲ̲סƲƲ졣
Ѿͷ֮ˣǿܿ
ǫ飬ҫװ޼ް
һǳӳ֣
ɫΣʣĿģȻǷ򣬿ҲҲڶ
˼Ц
½µһ֣
Ĳߣ
ߣӦ޸
εĳҫװ޼ޣװƶװɶƨˣҲûκΣ
һ·ϣҶЦһһڸصľߵɽ֮УصƫƧѾû˽ʿľۼˡ
ȥ߷ʱ۾ֲָǹɸ߿յ쫷纮䣬һܹܵġ
˵ˣѾȻΪ߲ľڣҪ£иͲ
ڽΪѾﵽʲôزˣҶЦתͷű
ҶЦڻֻо¾һƬůϢΧ֮УȻ˼پۣҲо˿⣬ҸȻôһͻʻһݣ񡭡֮ǰоĿǰѾͻԪˡ
͵ϸϸ
ʵȴǰ񹦵˺һ壬ԼΪǿѹƵ˵ԪһƷ
ԪҶЦһô죿
ץס˹̽ͬʱ׷ʵءؾ٣ʲôаŹɣ¿áţûⰡľϸ壬Ϣ㼫ҵ֮£⴫е˵ð
壬ҶЦʱһ
ȴĪ񹦿ǺųƿٵصĵһǱ֮壬ǲѷɫ񹦵ҶЦβ
Լ֮ʱֲŲԪƷԼһ·ջǲֻعһλĻԼǰΪΣԾҪȱߣԸ߲̫࣬Լòƻͦյ˵
ܲȻһҲ֪ôҾһγһһΪͻȻˡ
⻹治˵ѣѧյʱ򣬵ȷһзһѪɫɢ˵
ҲһΣ˳ǼΡ
ʱѾã˼ؾͽǶȥ漴ͷ֣ԼΪͺǷһ㣬һ·ֱԪϵĲΡǽԼĴ󾳽磬Ҳǰһ󲽣
ֻ׮ȴѾǲ֪֮ǰˡ
˵Ī⣬һȻԴ񹦣ȴĳ˵棬ĳ˹ߵĽ
ʶ֮ʣ˴˳񹦵Ĺ֮⣬ͻԭеһȫµľأҲ񹦵Ĺ̺񹦵ԡ
ȻⲢɱ֮񹦾Ŀ񹦲ˣֻҶЦǳҲû񹦵ĸ壬ŻУ
ɱ֮ȷʵѾԶԶ֮ȴʵԣݹߣ˵˿ԳԽޣ׿ҶЦ۵ģڶ͵ˣ


642 Ϊ
ԭˡҶЦο˵ֻ˵ҵıһһ죬ΪӣȻĵرҲóóȻسȥ֮󣬲ûзʲô⣬ֻ桭
ҶЦһת漴ȻȻѾԪΪôҲ˷ǹӵĻˡ
˵գֵЦϽſӣС죬үҪιӸԣúóԵϡ
ʱһ죬ʶһɨȷĹˣŻſӣС죬һĽ߿ˣĵѵӾɽʹôǻˣ
ֻǣʹԼȴа㿹ܵ˼
ں˼֮ʣȴֻоȻһһζһԼĿУͻΪһů˳£һɾ˼Ȼ˲嵽֫ٺ֮ڡ
ůҼ񣬾Ȼ˱ŴԼڵӿ֮ǿǰͻԼµϰĴͨԼΪ棬ԤΪƿ
ǿҩȻľҲǰδģεΪ˲ʱһӿͷ۾Щ㤵Ŀ˵ʥ
ָϽסͣȴΨɢʧ
ףҶЦһЦû뵽ĺüʶȻ֪ӸʥӸȴȫûǿЧʥ
˵գҶЦԼһ߾֮⣬ѶҲ˳ռĳ£ܲڣ
˼ȴǲ˵Ļȫ˹ʥֻعȫЧǲ©ĻٿԪһƷһ·Ԫ۷֮Ѿ˳ϵõ֤ʵΪ㲻˵ǳԽ䷨Ҳвˮ׼֮ĹΪֻ»ҪڵǰҶЦ֮ϣټֻعܣ治֪Ҫǿ󵽺εȳ̶ȣ
ͬǣĸȣһܣһ滹ҪԼΪʥЧһ⿪ҷӡ
ΪۿɼķʽߣԪƷƷƷ
ֿԴһȻԶԾضͷϣֻɰС۾ڴϣùȥȴǱŭһأֱӻع˿ռ䣡
ģô£
ҲˣǷ̬ˣѾͷҲٱ̬һ㣬Ȳ˵ֻعܺ󣬱Ȼ൱̶ȵйѾͷôһ㶼й⵹ҲˣؽͻƣȴûаͻƵϢأ
Ҫ죬Ҫأ
˸ԼһöֻعӴɶˣ
ȻĳҲ֪ȻѾͷҲǷˣλԱԼҪߣǸߺ֣ܶθ̣ҲǲɶΣ
ʱһĹȥƹĵҲԽԽԾңȻҪֻعܣǿƳԼΪһ
Ҳǡ󾳽֮е֮ľ磡
һƣôʵƱؽԶԶڵյ䷨֮ϡ
һʱ䣬ôĵĹȥ
ĵɫһҵʱڳ³һһŨƳİĿкưɫ̼һɳֱޱɽ֡
žž
ľɫ̼״ݻ١
һĹâ
һԼڴһЩͷ
Լ½һ֮󣬹پɱ䣬һΪǷ˽ʱı仯ʵȾǲڻ£ΪȴûΪɱϲ¥Ȼģƾɱ֮壬ԼȻԽ䷨̤һǾʱȴ˵Ҳʮ꣬Ҳһֻ꣬һǧ꣡
ȻԵʻ֮£һöֻعǿЧȻԼѾƿϰһԳһ룡ټ̵ıݣֻҪѷ죬ҪƾҲʲô£
οѾ˴룬ֻҪٽһʱ䣬ƿƣ
оǣδȫԼʵ֮ǰԾһ࣡
ʵԵľиӵİٱ
ܱӣ򡭡ֻҪڣ;ûκˣܹ˺ӣһͷ
һĸоôҶЦ
лӡҴûиоԼǿ󡭡һָоƺѵ飬Ҳְƽ˵Ƭ£Ҳûˡ
˵ﻰ滰ڵΪҶЦ䷨ǿ֣δؿƺ˵⻰Ȼǵʮ㣬ȫԥ


643 Ӱ
ҶЦȴǹЦѾͷǲ֪ߵغǲΪΪȻ֮Ĵùֻع˶ƵĸоΪȹˣټͬΪ֮ˣͲô˵ˣھĵԪ۷ʵ൱һξġ
ҶЦ˼˵ĵȻ⻰ȻͲ֪˼˵ģǻʵʵڻ
ЦһȫӸԵ˽
ҶЦ۾ɫԵ˵ôǡ׼ôлѽ
㶣ԾɽĵҪôĸлôĸлӣƾ⣬вӡ
ҶЦüɫ裬һѽ߽§ڻǱãϲǧ˳Сˡһ˫֣ôʵ˳½˽ȥ
һҶЦĻȴźߣӭŹӵַһϼ
ûκεķ
ĴϻۣȻѾ˳ǰʱ·𵴣ժټʥ֮ˣԼĹүҶЦ
ֻһ뵽ժʥҪķգоԲסһӲժôĶðΣգ˿̶ȴǺģ˵͸ҡ
ȻҪźúúõģ˵ʲôʲôôô
ˡ
ҪʲôӦõġ
ҶЦһӣԪƷǿߵ˲ʱ˷ԲֱӽһƬСռ䣬׵ط
СԹСЩԣſ졭Ŷ
ҶЦһˬ

ɽϣһźӰϢطڲݴ֮Уֻ¶һ˫۾Ŀתĸʮ·ңɽ֮ϵĶ
ȻʲôȴܹܵǱǹǿϢ
ĪǴд䷨½һЦҶЦӰ䶯һ£һ˵òջûһ¹£һǳ˼ղҶЦôǿȣ䲻ԣȷʵףƵʾȻܿ˵
ǣƵĻЦʵҲǶ߰
ӰȻԵǰ״ɻ󣺡ƾʵôܴܵ䷨Ҫ˵ͬʱ䷨֣նɱ䷨شǱӡ
ǾԲܵģ
ôмִʲôΪ֪𣿡
Ӱü˼ȴʼհ˼⡣
ǱѾǿ֣״ȴʲôӦġ
ԷˡЦ檡Ӱ㣺Цʵֹ֮ǰǹơôȫаգڼ̵ʱڣɱ
ߵ檡Ȼ檣ЩΪҲߡиԪΪѾ̫ˡ
ôһ˳ĻҽǾܹ½һ˵նɱ
뵽Ӱ˷ܵòиѪɫ
֮࣬ȴ̲סͷ촽Եǰ״ۣҶоųϵʤ㣬ɱ֮󣬻߻˳һλò檵ζ˳ƶΪһ˫յĺӡ
һ뵽ղԶԶһƳɨЦ檵ò欣̲סͷȡ
̫ˡ
޾ȴһ뵺ϢУŶɽۣƮȥ
һﵹǺ޸ȹؼʱ򣬾Ȼ˼𽵹Ƹꡭз߷ߣֱǱѵ˵ʱ򣬻Ҫһ޸ôģˣˡ
ãɫͷһѵʲôӢۺܣվѹ˹ء¶ǻᣬҲùȥˣʱûоҲʱվʯȹ߾ȪĲҵ³
ô˵ʡ¸к˶

ҹɫǲŸո˱ΪȣҶЦȻɫĴȴδȫȻΣûɽꣻֻǲ˫һķʽһ龭
˼Ծ̱Ļû˰ͷһ㡣
ΪͨŮֱһҹղŽ߾άּ󣬻ҪֻعȫܣĵͬСɣղҶЦ˫޵ķʽæ˫ʼ˫ޣԾ״̬һǣҶЦձæ߲ʤƿĿʼ·ôĻϯصҰ⣬νܵļޣá
ҶЦͬӣ£ʱʱķһɫһĻЦһ˫֣չ΢ɧţһȴִ˲ƣ
ڡ


644 
ҶЦűСɽ£һߣһҡͷɻ󲻽⣺˵ȥ򶼺ȷֻǡΪʲôƹȴͻȻʧأţλϾ֮ǰᵽǸ̬ܽӽǰˡ
ȻλǰȻֺ룬ΪտǹˣȴǷһ㽻˽ԶҲ˵ԼǸǣʵǷȱ֯ԡҶЦߺߵ˵ţ˵´μ棬ƨΡ
ֻоԼβĪһȣƺ˫֣ѾصԼƨҲƣɵһ˵λǰĴҲʲôʶˡ
¼ȨҲ˵һҶЦֹ֮ܶǸȻĲȻҲദȻҲΪ󡭡ԺҪСЩǿ൱ǵģܲǾ;Ҫǡ
ҶЦԼ»ͦϲôͱζأôʹǰ˱ˣôԽԽŤء
ҧ˵λϣòû˼Ŀ
ҶЦŵǣʱԺ㲻ԺҲҪһֱӲĿˣ֮ǰԵʻᣬһкѩӴһʱգԶ˽⣬Ǳһ˶Щ
ֻأҲ²⣬ıĿȻǳü󡭡֮Ի˲²⣬أһ桭ȻҲǳҲ˵һŮħŰɣŵŮˣ֪һ棬ŮòֻҪ΢ȥֻͽԼ¶ˡòȻǳüڼˣ
ҶЦصĶһ£Ӧֳɶۡ
Щû˹ȥֻδذɣ
Ϊݣܹ˵һ֮ԣѾǼΪˣ
⻹ʲôδصģԶ׼顭ҶЦ֮Աǣˣо֮ģûôɣǾûҵıƯֻԲλء
ЦԷǣԵͷ˵
ҵɵӣǧĪҪڱǷˣ֪˿ߵľеϣָк뷨أ
ʵ̫ˣ
ȻҶЦڱеǸߴϵģ׶ţֻ»ĳ˽¾Ȼ˵İԡ
˵ĪҪڱ˼ҵǷǣͰʯͷԼĽţЦӢ۵ЦЦӽɲǾô
һ죬һֳ֪ģߣкһ
µһɽʱҶЦȻı֫Ҳ֪ȫ׵ؽӲһ£ֻ漴ͻظ
ҶЦȴظев죬ҪʵʱȴһΣȻϮ
е˴ڣ
ҶЦµʱ
µطűϸеǰţ߲ơȻΪһʱֻ»ѵӦУҪСģһսʱͲ󣬲Ҫһжҡ
Ŀˮһۣ˳ĵͷӵģһɱС
ҶЦ˵ʲôҵģҸ˵ΪȻ򶥷壬δȣǲҪóȻΪˣʱˣԻָҹڿµһ֣ѵҪսô
οЦЦԵ˵ֻҪڹ߾ͺãȻԹ򱶡
ҶЦԹЦҰ
ȻڴЦڴ֮ʣһӰһôȻһɲĺɫأԴ˷Ȼƽϵ죬ЦЦȻˣ֪ǱսΣ̣֮Ȼ´Լĳɽˮ⣬ɽ졭ղţˬ𣿴缸Źذ
ʱͨ졣
ʹУȴɭȻɱ
ˡѵղš
ҶЦһ˷޾䡱һϤɢͷ¶β֮ȻҲҵˣˣħкιϵ
Ǻ˺һҶЦϧòβרȥĴʱ⣿οǿͷԣ֪Եˣÿһ˵ԴѾΪǼ̨ϵļƷһ£һӢ꣬ΪһͷһĻεĲף
ҶЦɷ֮䣬ΪΪҶĳ֮ΪҪ׶žɱ¾µѪΪΪʹͷ­Ǽ̨֮ϡҶĳŴͷ­ܲܽڷǵļ̨ϣҪûˣ
ڽ˵һվ˵һʮ͵ϮĹֶΣ׳η׾


645 
䵭ЦЦû£Ƿ׳ھ鵽
ӶȻһ漴оͳһת磬ϵ£ˢһź˵ļ䣬վǿôҲǿҵˣ
һľ磬һ޻֮Ƶĳ彫
ҶЦ״һЦһúã
ҶЦ״ɣʵֲ죬Ϊ˵ĳ֣һϤĸо
ǡԼһζ䷨ֵܡ
Ūĺɫ뵣֪˷빥ǹɭֲζħʮ㣻Ӱıʵ˼ȻֻǳӴȴǿԸоʵԲ
ҶЦԶԣ˾Ǳ֮ոԼս䷨ѷһȴԾҪԽģ
һҶЦµʱһ衣
ӰȻ֯ɳģ㲻Ϊ棬Լ£Լ֯ΪУ֯ɳֿšԼ֮С
ȻҶЦݵ飬ȴֻ֯һˣȻۼߣǿ䷨ĳ֣
Ȼȷ֯ʲô𣬵߲Կ϶֮֯иǿµĳǿߣҪԼ۵Ԥ֮ϣ
ҶЦۼչƣһűˣȴɽȥƮƮȻбɣɽߡ
ܣӰɭɭЦЦЦǧĪҪΪսʤ䷨µһˡҲˣ͵ǰܲ˵ģ
ӥһһͬʵһ㣬ҶЦϮ
ҶЦһƷ̡ˢһӦɢңڿֻһתγµḷ́³ͺ̵ļˣֳֻ֣԰Ծ֮ƵҶЦץ
ҶЦȴǱܶӣһԴٶȷݳʮɵĿռ䡣
Ӱǲ벻ӰΣ
ҶЦڿеȻڷûа취£һγɣֱӱһСĺڵ㡣
˵ĺӰ̾һֻϧٳԾԵʵ֮ǰվҲ޼¡
һŨŨĺɫ𣬾ȻγһƬƣ졣
Ӱ壬Ϊķʽڻں֮Уʹʧˡ
ҶЦǰ䣬һӷһأĪҪ
ǺʵȻǿᣬ˵ҶЦȴ췽ҹ̷ҶЦղ֮Իһ˱֮ƣȴĿһĹӺ˵Ĺ·ν΢֪֪֪ˣܰսʤ
֯ʵǿ֮⣬Ļǵأǰ˼ȻдΪҲ߲֯㣬ܹһʵޣŶԸ˽֯档
һ棬ȴΪڲ࣬ûԷʵ֮ǰʱ˵ǿᷴˣϾ򳬽ǿ߻𲢣Ƕսˣ⵽֮ĵߣ˵ֱӵĵĪڱ
ҶЦȻֻعЧһ죬Ϊڵǰս֣ڰȫ棬ҶЦȻҪ֮һʧ
˼ʽڽΪȫڣȻҪһӡ֤Լ룬ӡ֤õķţĪڡʵս
ҶЦһһӷɳȥٶȶһһ֮䣬ֽ˸Ȼ
šžһ죬ޱߺɢ
Ȼ±仯ȴƶǺӰȫӰ죬ӰĪҶЦһǶȼȵҶɱ⡣
ҶЦȻתһͬɽ޸Է˺ƣ޻ٵضһ
飡
ٶȱӰ٣Ӱһģ˿ҶЦȴҲӻζ
һζƴȻƾУ൱
ƾһƶƴĽ֤Ӱʵ֮ǿᣬ֮
ЦȻ鴫Ӱɭж˼أȴǵȻˮصһ֮ҳӵл䷨ı£
ҶЦڽ˵ҵȻУʵĨɱ㲻ϣ䷨㲻ǰֵģ㣬ɵıǮô
ӰٺһЦ˵ĲʵĨɱѾδñֵҶ֮ˣȴ벻쵹ǱһƳ˻ҶЦ㿴ûıǮ
ӰζȻһ飬Ӱһ㣬ȻûǧٵӰӰ߲Ÿոճ֣ɽ御໪֣
һ˲ͺԾ֮ϣͻȻһƬơ
Ӱһ̷绯ǧϵ˷ÿһص㣬ÿһ䣬һӰڣɽ֮ϵÿһռ䣡


646 һĨ
ҶЦҵһ潫ʶͷŵޣһ˾ΪõۣˣӶԷ״ҶЦ΢֮ƽԷзȴҲҪڵһʱ䶴ϤзʶܣȻֳһܣ¡
Էϣһ֪ʲôƳɵĺ˿˿Լߣȴʮɳ̣֮⣬ԵǼȵķżľбľͬиһ㣬Ǻ͵Ķϳأನһص촷ۡ
Ǻ˿ӶֱһʮɳϬ棬ݣ˵İԵ
ҶЦ˼ǣǺ˿һ鲼ֻһ˿Ϊ£ȴΪξȻӵһķ
ҶЦܣĿ
ӴƬ̣Ѿȷϣ˿γɵķиǺӰΪע£˿ԭ߱ܣ
ҶЦһʵ
û뵽ССͣɢ޵ļʶȻҲ֪ĴڣѵáӰ˵ԽԽ
ҶЦüͷ壬˼ȻӰʵԼܣ󳬳ҶЦԤļޣٹƬ̣ҶЦ͵һХɳ񹥻Χգ룬ڿȷ˭ˣ
Ӱ˵Ŷû뵽ЦļʶȻ㲩ˣ㵹˵˵˭˭ʲô
ӰȻʮİģƬ򣬶϶ϲϳԼݡ
ȻҶЦԲѣҲֻΣͼԼʤ㡣
ȴҶЦӰȥ٣ΨһĨ죡һĨ죬ԭ㣡
Ӱһ仰ʱ׻͵زһ£ǵԭĺ˿Ҳ˲ʱһʧȥ鶯㱻С
ӰĿɭעҶЦ˵˭ô֪
ҶЦЦȻһĨ쵱桭׹ӵ㲻ɣһΪϳ˵㵱ĸһ˵ˣȻѡ˱ѣﾡһЩ˵õķƸ׹ӣؾ£ǳ
Ӱһš䡱һ죬ԭͷϵĺһɢȥ¶һݵӣϳ˲ŵľȣĶҶЦʵ˭ô֪ҵĵϸô֪׹ӵģ
ҶЦ˵ֺֹ֪׹ӣ֪㱳֪׹һƸ¥жϣȴ׹꽨µΪУ˳ͷβа֯
ڰ׹һط֮࣬˳Ƭؽ磬պյķƸ¥Ȼȫʧ
һĨ죬㡭˵ĹΣһֲַ㣬һĶˣΪô
ҶЦ絶ѪһĨĵֻŵλôȥ
һĨ͵˺ϴ죬ǻ֮̿ɫ
ʱգȻƤð׹ӴķӭУҶЦ˳ӣһĨ졭ţֻ¶ǰ׹Ϊȡðɣ
һĨȻֳȵʹʧЪ˹һ˻еܣ㲻֪˭㵽˭
һĨͻȻҶЦɲҧгݣҪڳģ㵽˭
ôˣսˣβˣƢˣ㲻η׹ӣ伣ô꣬ȴԽҴ𣿡ҶЦ鳰²ͣĪżҽվ׹Ż
ҶЦһХǳâӳ˼䣡
ǳһ̼ǹ⣬ֳ徣
Ǹղޱ֮߳䣬һҶЦȴһֱδǳ
Ҫ˵˭ʲô
ǲǷԼǸ²⡣
ҶЦԺӰݲ²ԴжϷûĿĵľͻһĨݱҪ֪׹ں½ǧ䣬ϹʮγֲŪҷƣٿ½սÿηƸ¥ֳ徵ʱ򣬰׹ܻļһЩµ£ҶЦ֮ʱ֮䣬Ϊ˲ţ֮ǰ£Ծž֮ˣ
ֻЩ˷֮еľ󲿷ֱֶ伣ˡ
ǧ棬жʧأ
ʤƣ
Ƹ¥½ǿߣôǿ߷λ棬ȴһֱϢôҲãҲ򶼲Ӧֻ߶żֶɱ˰ɣ
ЩˣϿԵġ


647 ӵĶ
ҶЦȷԼƱؽ׹ӷƸ¥Ϊе֮󣬿¹޷Ƹ¥Щ»ԻսʷĸϣÿһϣҶЦռҶЦҲû뵽Ȼʱ򣬾ͬɺ½ĺһĨ죡
û뵽Ǻ½СϺףȻܹ˾˵ĸ߶ȣ
߿˵Եʻᣬɲɣ
ҶЦܹʶƣ֮⣬ĻΪµĴŬռϣ͵õĻر
һĨϵױ𴩣Īֻ֮࣬߳ŭȫԸһɱҶЦͷʣȻ˿Ʈޱɱ⣬ٶȿϮ˲䣬ҶЦǳҲͬˣ
ǳ˸ǳâҫķ
һҶЦ񹦹עǳӨȻǹҫǧһĨе˿ʱ˿ǣɲǼ䵹ءĺ֮ɢƣްʵʣ
һĨէǳϬĴٷˣ¾кӰȫջأֳ࣬һĿƣضҶЦʲô㵽˭
ҶЦһҸôشΪ˭
һĨҺһЦ֮ˣȴΪλ֪׹ӣ
һĨһʴѧʣҶЦȻ߳µĽܳ಻꣬ǽɢޣݱ֪Ľ£ҶЦܹ֪׹ߴϵĴڣѾܿɹˣȴҶЦһ㣬֪׹¼֪ں½Ķ޴ӽͣ
ҶЦٺһЦմķƸ¥ټû̫ԵĶ׹ӼƸ꣬ߵ˶
Ϊа׹԰ѵڣǽһкۼȫĨʧڵ£Ӳ¶ʵ׳ֽô꣬Щɣ
һĨ¶һĨʹֻ֪˭Ϊ֪׹ӵĶ򣡡
ҶЦҿǸ֪Ϊλ֪׹ں½Ķɣ޹Ĩǣ¸㣬ҴӺ½׹һ㸲Ķ֣ҡ
һĨһо˸˵㡭˵ǹӵĶ֣
Ȼһࡣ
ƺʲôһ֣۷ԪǿߣȫȲϡӵĶ֡⼸𺳡
ν֪Խ࣬ȴֻȻԼ֪ʵͲ࣬˵ں½ϣڰ׹ӵ˽Ǿһλ޿ƥеĴôٿ׹ӣǾһһܣ֪
ôܹһΪеĴڣԼƥеģ
һĨ챾ܵĽ뷨ֹϸȥ߲ҶЦ֣ԼıľҪһˣ׹ʣ޿ɿԽǵôʸ֮ΪеˣͬĲսʤƥУ
ҶЦĵжʱѾһ䣬Ҫ֪ȴǡ׹ӣȻһķ£ܹ³򣬾䱾ȴһ׼Ѫɱ֮ˡһִķƸ¥֮Ҳʲôа֯ɡ
ŶһĨ죬һֵʱգΪʲôڵӣ
һĨһĺ⣬˻Ƶ˵һ仰ҸôشΪ˭
׹ӵĵǶǣȷˣ׹ȷȷʵʵѾ뿪ˡҶЦԣڸ𣿡
һĨкɫʢͻȻһХڱգҶЦ˴Ψۣû˵̫ˣ
һ
ӰյΣڰƺһӱķѣԴ壬ƺȥ˲ͬķλֵ֮һȴǽɽ֧飡
磬磬ָ磬ȭ磬Ʒ磬磬ǹ硭
ֻһ˿񣬾Ȼһ˲䷢ӳбĹЧ
޾ĹÿһǼԴɽҶЦϮ
Ӱ֮ǰһֱڿƣ̫󶯾˱ĸǰɱһ̣ȴҲûй˼ɣȫ֣ΨһĿģֻСҪҶЦ
ҶЦۼ˳һϯ˿壬һЦȻ㲻˵Ҳ޷Һ֪ܿ
ǳЦЦУ濹ƿ籩һķƣ
ǹԺӰ
һ
һΣһҶЦȴǷӳʵ
ǵǰȫܣ


648 
֮ǰ䷨ֵһսľ飬ȹ˵ǰ֮ҶЦܷӳɱƻֻ»Ҫڵմս䷨֮ʱ
һĨ컹ֻһӴͼжϳԼ֮ǰĹȫ̴ҶЦڵʵ䷨´࣡
쵰֮ǰһֱαװʾԼɽģԼصȫѻ˷ѻԼÿµĻ
ȻЦһĨ쵱ϣйƾϲ¥ǹ·Ĺƶһγǿʹ֮ƣǿЦУ
Ȼ˴˽ʵһ˲ȴʤ̭ʤУӰ˲
ΣһƣἴʱӽԵԷתƣҶЦȴо˲ԾΪԷʵֹˣ޿ܾôܡ
ȻһХӰһĨն𣬷ҡֱϰɸ߿գǣ
ͨղŵĽӴһĨѾȷԼһΣǵɱҶЦһζȥ㲻û£
ҶЦıʱһĨȫ㷢ԼмƣҲ޴ӣһĨĺ˿˵˵ãԻû±ƣɽܻγɴֻԴ˲סҶЦƬ̣ȥһȡһ˲֮ս֮󣬹ȻΪΪ˲ϰ֮;ʼҪù̫࣡
ʵһһĨжϣȥǹ֮࣬ȻһҶЦƣȻֻһ˲֮һĨȸ֮еĸ֣Ѿ̫㹻ˣ
ȻһĨμԣԼҪٶ뿪
ȻʱһӰ׾Թ϶ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣĪȥ

һٶȣȻѾ˿ռľ룬һ֮࣬ѾȥһĨһ˫ҲƵ֣һ֮£ȴԻһƬ޷޼ʵ޵
һĨС
һȴͻŵı仯
һĨеĵֻ֣ҶЦ
ΨҶЦ
ҶЦǸ檡һĨֻǽһ˵ѡ
˶ѣ
ȫȫͷβûзϣ
ţɱҶЦ֮ԼҲ֮һɱ
ȴû뵽ǣԼеֱ确һĴڣȻӵ˿ֲΪսо
Լ˿ٶȣ
Լ߸ոڿգֻҪһ˵һ仰ԶǧȻҶЦ׷Ҳ׷֮ġ
΢ʱ̣ԷȻ˹ʱ뵽õ㣬ƻҪϬƥεأԽƬأҲһɽ˹Χ֮С
һ̣Ǵ㵵ģ
磬ǲ̫ˣ
ҶЦΪĪ⣬ڼȻѾܳϣЦվټͷֵд䷨ֵܵսǰΪʲôһ檣ȻҲôֱֲս˾㤵Ϊ
һĨ켸ǲִ֮䣬ȫ׼£ƼһĻԴ
һ̣˵мܶˣΨһüķӦֻһ˲䣬ԼʵĺҪܵĹԼȡʱ䡣
ò˵һĨӦ൱ȷģҲǵǰ
ǣӻ֮ǰǴһ˲Ļ塭
Ȼһ״֮£һ˲Ļľһ˲䣬һգ۵Ĺ򣬿ڴ˿̣һ˲䡢һգ۵ĹѾԷ̫̫ˡ
顭
ϵļʮƣһ˲ʵʵشϣһĨӣԼлģǱģ
һһ˲䣬һƬ溮٣ȻôһƬռ䣬׶ᣡ
ɢĺҲȫһƬռ֮С
ƮƮڿпٶתмǸѾľ޴˰ʮȦ
ÿһȦٻƣصȥȻһƬסĿռ䣬ػһʵʵı
һ˲䣬ȴһ֣赭дشӿռһժ
ǿűǿƻ󣬲ԲԲƱ򣬾Ȼ֮˳ţһֻԲƮƮط¡
̣һĨȡһߣأ֮ĳɱò߳ʵ̼Ϊݣ಻ʮϢҲϢʱ䣬ôݣ
ԵҶЦǰʱҶЦԭط㶣ȻǰһС
ҶЦû뵽Ȼı仯
ǻᣬһĨ쵱ϣӶݣҶЦ»̾һĨ첻ǰ׹ɽϣ죬ƲԣֱѡԶǧıգ˵˵ã
ϧ֮ⷬ̾ﻹûüпͿһĨ챻ˣ˱ˣˣˣͻصԼǰˣ
ҿ̫˰ɣôʲô
Ǳҵı


649 ֣
ʵŸոԼŸոհȹ˾硭
ôܡ
ôž͡ﵽȾ׵ĵز
ԼҪƣûпĵˣȻһֽҰķʽ׷ӡһžͱ֮С
⡭᲻̫죬̫һأ
ҶЦе㲻ŵĽһ
ӡЩ˵ղ治ҲӵķԸԳ֣ʵһһղſҵһɫԵĿʵ̫᣻һɫ̫ˣҸղž룬ֻҪܰס͵ڰץסô
ҶЦǳ˳飬Ȼò˵ͨɡ
òƻ̫ã̫һ㰡
ʵԴһĨֵһ̣ҶЦѾ֪һʵߵףҲ䷨ǸģжԷʱʧطʵǹĪء
ǶԷΪĳԭ򣬻ȫԼƴһս򣬾ûɱĿܣҪ˵ܡ
֮ԼҪ¶ԷͱҪ෬ıն
ҶЦһʼʾʵ⼤ŭԷնԷȫԸԼս֣ϣո㶨ԷܹȻѣǲܵĻ˶Σɱ֮Դ˵ʵ֯Ҳռһϯ֮صĽɫɱˣ
ȻսȫҶЦԤһ㣬һĨʵֶԾɳĲ֣˼ˣ
ֻǣڵ״ȴȱһĨѻҪ죬Ҫã
뷨ˡô뵽õַءҶЦֻ𾪡
Ϊղűʩչģ󾳽֮еġ
һػΪá
ôһˡôأ
ȻһǡʵǿһһһġòƲץסһֱ롭뵽˰취
ҶЦȤʲô취
ҾšֻҪѡڻʱܹЩȫס͵ǰȫסˣ
˵
ҶЦһΡ
ǸҪסأʵڲ֪˵ˣֻƽֱ
ڿһζƮȻסܹĳƬռ䣬һƿӵĻգգЦЦеȫƿס𣿡
һƿӳҶЦ֮»Ȼһһ̣ͻ𶯣һ
ǰƣˮΪ֮ˮΪˮҾ룬롭ƿӼȻܹסˮȻװס˵ֻҪʱԱΪý飬ƿӡȻҾͳһƿӳȻװסˡ
ҶЦһͷת
ƿӡ
ƿӡ
ҶЦȻоԼѾץסؼһ㣻Լܹ֮ȫץסĻôܹԼո磬ֱڣ֮
Բ
һƿӣ뵽ñΪƿӵڣأһôҶЦأԳ˼š
ؿڣһͱ¶ˣֵúá
æؽеǿű򣬵ݵҶЦУǡ
һ仰û˵꣬ȴǵһ죬·ʲôͻأˡ
һֻȺҹҪڵĺɫ֣Ȼ޾͵˳ֻôһץȻͽǱץ˳ȥ
һñҸҶЦ߽ߣȻûڵһʱиӦ
ӦֱӾӦرˡ
ҶЦڶѾվ۷ľܣǰһҪĶˣ
һôд⣬
ֻеʵܣ֪ȴǿɾɲţ
飡
´󼱣˼һһȴȫԸޱ
ҶЦһŭȣǳŭһƽƽֱ̣
ƽƽһ̣ʵǳҶЦŭ޼ȫ߶֮£ǰδļܣһ̣ͺǺϤ˼䣡
ޱ߹Ĳǹ⣬ʱƬҹճ
һ̵ҹգѤõá
ǴȻּھˣ֮¼ʱջأȻҶЦĹҲβ֮죬Ȼָֻһζ߱ܣձȻ׷ֵֻȻҲʶ֮ˣȻһһɺȽԲſи߸׷ɣһһƳ
䡱һ죬һΣ㲻˺ɣҶЦһƺߣ
ֻɫǲܣǰ벿ּʱΪޡ
ȻڸԶĸ߿մһָֻ֣ס׷ɵı򣬸žһ


650 ֲ
šžһ죬ıӦֶƣһŨ֮ð˳ڿһΣٶȻһĨ߸ո۳ΣžۼڴڵѪڿҡҡλΣ֧ά衣
ظ֮䣬һ㡣
һֱһҰף˵Իһɫ磬ߡ
ߣҶЦǳչ˴ڿնȴǻһɴϸʮɳĻֺ뽣⣬ռ׷漲
һƬڻֺ뽣⣬һ̵ҶЦƱҪһ㡣
ֻ䣬ǿأ
ҶЦȵľһ̣ͻȻͬǿƵ
ͬʱƮƮҲڼ䲻ݷֻ֮ԱߣһգѸײڶ֮ƺȻն䣡
˵Ĺ֮УԼͬؼʶ֮
Ȼһк̱ɢֻ֣ҶЦĽ⳹׺ãĲλȫ
һֵ޳ɣ«һתһžžž춯֮ڿһƿӡ
ȴǽֻĺ̷档
ʱҲ֪ʲôطʲôλãһƺߣ漴գٶȱǿµա
ҶЦȻƮ£˺Ȼ
벻侹ȻȲ֡
ղֵֻߣһλܣ֪ڸ˶Զı˶ˣһ˿ͶӰղս
ھͶ֮䣬ƾ˺Ѳ֪ԶĿռ䣬УһĨ죡
ֺ֮Ȼն˶Էһֻƣȴȷһܹ˵ı壬ɶ˺
֮һսʱݣȴսҶЦء
˸ͬʱһͷֵֻ˱ԭνµһ֡䷨ȴֲʲô˲õĽɫˡ
ֻǣ˭أ

ңԶı˶ˣĳһվɽ۴
һԭԨsţͦɽĺӰͻȻӾҵزһ£ƺһ߳һ˿Ѫ˿
ȻʵȻǿ˾޵еĵزγʼΪ̫ԶͶӰķʽղսȻȫԸ
ȻҲͬû뵽ֵⷬĶ󣬾Ȼ֣۷ǿߣ
ǸΪҶЦ檵ŮӣѾӵвԼ֮£ʵޱԵΪʵϺʱһľ۴ܣ
Լʱѡʮǡѡе˼ŮЩĵ΢ʱ̳֣ǷܹһĨ죬ֻ֮䣡
һ˾ȻԼͬزʶܡԼ˻ԼһɶǹܣҲ֮Ϯ
ڴ֮£վˡ
شȴԸо겻ȣͷʹѡ

Ӱ૵˵
һȴԣԳϣ֮ۡ
沿ƵĺŨ֮󣬲ȫָŵһΰ񣬴˼Ȼ촷ۡ
֮УһΰӦǳҶЦֻУػһɷ·֮ҲƵܣһΪǿ󣬱ǵȴ˭ͬŵϵΪ
˷֣ȻռϷ磬ʵԷ˸ȫûܵˣԼǵ𣬸ش
ôԶľ룬βȴ˱ĹҲǷԶԱɼв
ӰһһĨһһߵϣԵ˴ͷ
ͬʱˡֽ֮⣬֮е顣
Ӱš
ؼġȴҪ˽Ů˵˭Ӱ˼⣺ҶЦ檡ݱȻܸߡΪȴЦҪǿ˵á

ɽ֮ϡ
һսʱ̣ɵĲƻȴǼ㣬Ƭɽ壬ȫ̴ݻ١
ֻɽ½ٹ֮󣬲ſҶЦЯƬ̵Ȼ֮󣬲ɵȺ׶
˼ȻˣȻ񲻾֤ǴǾʤˡ
ղһսʱܶݣ󶯾ȴƽ𺳣
սΧ֮£˻ҪĻ檣ܴȫʤսֱǲģ
ղһĻȫҲʮϢ಻Ϣ֮䣬˲ʱƺХգɲǼˣȻǳ뽵ɽۡ
š䡱һ֮ɽϰ벿ֵʱ˻ҳһоȫʧˡ
ս״˲Ҫ˵ۼڴ֮ǰû˵ûô˵Ѿкܶڲ²⣬ǲʲôɽɽϱ˴˶أ


651 
һǹˣԼΪףԼҲǵԪ߽ˮ׼ΪҪȥһܣǿǺԵԿһ۰צҲò
һȻЧʱһɽϱȥ
ȻԸ϶õģʵȴǸ̵ģֻϵɽҲ޷ǰˡֹڴˣһ˵ȷǵ޷ٽоʶ·ǧ봩һ㣬۵òֱӱܵ¼ߡ
Ȼڴʱɽֱӷˡ
ʯۻĩƮɢЩ棬˺ô󹦷һľͷǿҲǷĩۼνǱ
״νʯ쾪춯ء
һֱҶЦ˲֪ԭղŵĶҶЦδ֪˶սһ
ˣʸղʲôЩʵ
ϼϻǹԾȻáղզ¡ôʣΪôʣԵֱ׷һԾ˲𾴰øʡɾ֣⡣
ղһֺͻȻϮҶЦղսҪһ£ȴ˷Ƹ¥Ĳû˵֮⣬Ĳûֱ˵˵üͷֵĺɫ֣ʵǰǿ󡭡Ѱ
Ծһ
ողŵֵصʵȻĪ⣬䱾֪ڶôңԶĵؽ֮⣬ֻͶӰѾЦ˴㾪춯صĵز
ôǵϵĻָҪοֲ
оǣص˵ǿʵЦܹƺ
Ҳ²⡭Ǹ֣ƽ١ĻıҶЦһȻҲѾסˡ
һռսԼǰˡ
ҶЦͬогġ
ֹȷҶЦǷֵܹصһ㣬ҶЦҲڹ㣬սǸصˣԼǲܹʰ
Ȼֹۡ
ǡԼӦ˪ǿǿ֡
ӣҲǴܶԷҪ潫ԷɱԾǾ޿ܵ顣
ΪˡܿѾȥ߼޲εؾһ
𵤣
ǿߣѾֻͶӰɻգ߱սĸΡǾףֻ̤쳾쾳صĸ߶ȡ
¾ȫԱ֣׻ҲζžѾ֮ȫΪԷֻҪһڼʱҸȼ
˵һĴڣֻҪԸ⣬ԣ治࣡
ҶЦֶӰο˼䣬㼴ص
ʵˣİЧδֹۣʹ˴סν֪ݡһģҲ޷ɽ˱ЩԼˣЩֻǽͷݣ
ҶЦ֪ԼʥȻǿ˶ҪϲԼ
Ǹƿӡ͡ҶЦ˵
һֻһöӨ͸ľȻϡ
öԾĺݼɣ޵й
ֻöڲһźأߡ
Ȼ֮ǰҶЦնֻ֣˼ʾ棡
ҶЦеʱܹоźľϣͼܹײӳ졣
źЧԶ׼öڱ״֮УȻʱԾƵס״ڲ϶񻯣ĺԾɲάϵĻô壬֮ͽ顣
һ飬ֻҪѣôɺҲܼʱָɣ»תص˵ϡ
ҶЦ״üͷ
ڵǰ״Ҳûиõķ
ǰֻڵĵزҪٴμӹ̣ƱҪ峹׷飬·ӡʩӺĻֹֻʣˮн
͵ǰۣƾĻȲʩӷӡ̱ڵһʱɢ
Էʲôˣ֮˵áҶЦһ
ֻǸħһȴڱն֮ôã߱Ķ
ܣκǿ߶ݣ𺳣
Ҫôܹ׻ءͻĺҶЦüͷһʱȴãͷ
˿ҶЦϣʵҲڿ˼
ʵֻҪռ䡭ռͺôţͻȻðһ仰
ҶЦǰһ
ǰƬ֮У֮һ壬御飬񲻾͵ͬǿռ߽⣬źҲȻȻĸˡ
Ȼ˵ֻǡһû㳹׷ռ


652 
ҶЦ˷ָۣϵһ£ֺֺЦֹ㣬ҹҶûѾͷȻ쿪Ҳһеģֻϧǻûиʵʩ
ţ죺۸ˣ
ҶЦЦ
Ҳ֪˿ԼôˡһҶЦߵʱԭǿϢܵȫȻУֻǽԼһͨѰСѾͷһȫ˵Ůˡ
˶ѣ
ƺѾȱʧŮʱһֻ̣ҪҶЦߣȫ֡
׵Ļڣ˶Դ˲ûиоκεĲʣûһĲԸ⡣
ǿֵúܣ嵽񣬶ȻȻطɡ
һִϲ޷ǵĳѷΧ
ռ䣬˵ףռأĪ˵Ƿռ䣬ֻǵ˺ѿռ䣬ͬ˺ءҶЦⲻġ
Ȼǿܹռ䡭ǵЩֶΣռҲ˵ϡҶЦ̾˿ֻ˵ǡٶȿһЩϵĴռ䡭̸ף
ͷʾͬ
ĵνռ䣬ˡڿռԼĿĵĳռ˺ѿֻҪɵˣȻͿԴλ棬һӾȥһλ档
ԣ˺ʵڴռǰġ˳ˡ
ڷգǲռ䣬΢۶ۣǿռ乥ļ£
ȴұֳԼⷬ㲩֪ʶ֪Ƽأ
̡
ҶЦץϵļصη΢ײۿҪײˡ
Ծ޲ߡ
ɾʱ򡭡

һɻζèУͻȻ֡
һֻ㲻ȭͷСѩ׵Сè䣬ͻأسϣһ˫ȵС۾ǺؿҶЦе͸壬붶һ£ͻȻ۷ֱܵĽһ
˼ʺ˷ܡ
ղΪûɵ֮֮ʧڿռƣͻȻоòкöԡ
ȻǶ˵²ĳѰתһȦʲôû֣ʧ֮ؿռȴȻһ͸塭
ף
ǿǺö
۾ʱԲˡ
ЩҶЦҶЦһ˼˲ʱص˵յĳ¼Žǿżϣܸ㶨
ͷ˸˸˸˸
ɶܲܣȻܲܣɶ¶үܸ㶨ģ
ˣͿöķϣƽˣԺ
ǵһο֮ǰʵҲǿֻԱӽǣʱıֻΪһֻͨèȴǴӽǹӣһ۾ȷֻèдԵĲͬ찡
ɵ۾һÿɰè
ŴҪ§ڻϡϡȻѣȴǳһצӽĵһߣ˰졣
ҪȻ˵¶ҪæСѾͷʱҪɧűզǰûеأ
һ̣öڲظžһѿ
漴ͼһɺ漱ð˳״˷ܵһлء
ϣһ죬羨̺һؽźβʣĶ̽Լӡ
˿ƣȴһ統ɽ޷һ㣬״
źɴ֮࣬رͣл˼һҶЦʩʩȻر۾
໡
˼Զ׼˺öҪһᣬ㱧ңԸפĻңٸˡ
̵ر۾
ҶЦһĻѾԤϣһĻʱԾĿɿڴš
Լ޲ߣͷʹôʱ飬ǻһ飬֮Ҳھôװɣһ죬һһһȻͽˣ
̺ɽֲ¼ȣЩֲܿϾѾµ˼źʶͶӰºòãôд⣬赭д
⡭
Ŀһ˼ŶȴԽԽϲ
Ѿͷʵ̫ǷˣֻèĲͬ죡
֮ǰϢĳ֡ٶȣԼץоһͬĵط
ȻֻǺܵһſڣͰԼҶЦΪ޲ߵǺֱˡ
һǳ˳Ʒһ
⣬ͨèܹ飿


653 ŭ
ʱ˿̣էȻֻèȻôɿɰƷҶЦôʩʩȻĵ˯ȥˣֱ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ԽԽϲ
ʵҲϲͶСС壬һѩͨûаëϸϸëƺÿһᷢһ㣻һָгãһӴȻ֡
ôȫȻҶЦĺ˯ż仹֧һ£βͱƨ棬壬ֱһŰװ׵С
ʵ̫Ưˣ
֮УһСŮһϲСҲϲʲôޣУνޣһſŵˣ޸塣
ڣ˿̣ȴˡ
ӣҡܱܲСĿʵ
ҶЦڴ˿ܾ̾Ȼеźȴи뷨Ͼôɰè䣬ҶЦֵ֮á
ϧŮ˵۵ܲһҶЦܱȵҹԹԱ
֮¶ʱЦˣȻԣèȻҵ˱šԺ춼ҪһദҪ㻹ܱôˣ
ڳ˯ҶЦѾˡ
ϲԾԾԣȴй˼ɣʵĿôè䲻᲻İɣ
ҶЦ۾һģҲģĴŮĸ֣϶û⣡
ǻϲȲպ˹ȻѾȲˡ
ڲСҶЦæֹ߲ŸճǺ»Ҫһʱʱǲ澪ģ׵ġ
ɵͷǷѰɫȴԽԽŨء

֪Ҷ߶ԶңԶ˶ˡ
һΧ£ʮ棬𻰣ΪϢΪĺˣԭϲ˵٣ȫ׵һֻ֮࣬͵סԴ֮ͬʱдѪƬ֮ȴһʹ״ĳХ
һХгЪ˹ķŭ
˵ػΪϵ͵ߴڸΧХֱ˶ȡˣǱֱ
һХ֮˹
ֱǴɱ˵һ汾ٲ񻰣ȴʵǰ
ڳк˼״һ
Ϊּʹ̼֮£Ǻ˵ʵĿȻ¶˳ȴһݵߣ˿̣ŤѪȴԽҧסƺ󡢲˵ʹĥ
֮ڻ˹صش˿֮࣬Ȼɣһƨ˵ϣԣԴڴڵĴŴ£д亹ð˳Ƭ̣һϮ£͸
ٹƬ̣ٶȷһŭӵŭ𣺡˭
˭ҵʶ
˭
ײУζ
ڶȻڱˣȴ̲סĺȻ
и¶־ζ
ƽĴˣ纣ϲŭԲɫ˼ǵʧ˷ŭʧ̬ˣԼǰͻʷͬСɣ
С˸ղ˵ʲô˵ʶˣ
ǡ˭ôǿı£
ȻΪѾͨ쳹ظ߶ȵʶҲɣ
ã˲ָƽֻĿɭѪζ
ҶЦ
ҧĳ֡
ͻȻŭС˵̫˿أȻ˳һͲҪԹʮ壬Ѫ󼴿̳ȰѺˣ
ϣ˾һ
ʲô׵ߴ֮һơ
ȻԼӵеʵҲǶѵ飬ҪΪǣ֮ǰʱɼ̨Ϊȣƴ۵˼Ӳ̣ȻջķᣬʧȴҲ٣ʱֱ뺮ɽһҵսпܵòʧ
ϣڴǷ˼СԱߣһ˻˵Ը󣬾͵ǰԣǺʵʱ
˾Ȼҵ˵ֱӽϵˣɼ֮Уǵλͣ൱ĻȨ
ţλ϶ݺݵغһȻΪȴûмʱɼȷʵλףôʢŭ֮£мǣ档
ЦţǷӹɡԱ˹˵ЦҶЦ˼̨ϵ۷֣ѾȫۼۺʵƲС


654 ˭ģ
ʱԺ֣ɵʧΣһ֣кܴǰսһЦ쵶Ӧ»ʵȡЩ֡ڣڶ̨ûɣۺʵԱȣҷռƣٲռơ
Ժ£ˣ
˹˵꣬㲻ٳ
ߣλٺ޺޵شһŭ˵Ǽӿٶȼӿٶȣһֱ鵽ڣڶ̨ȻɡһĶǸʲôԵģ
Ϊ׵ĺȻָԣԾŭ
Զ϶Լʶɵ±ȻҶЦѲ˹ϵ
ܹץסҶЦȻҩѶþзǺʱһһǧ껹һ꣬ҲһҪԼʶɵڳ
˿̵һݿ־塣
ȻܹԼǱߵʶô˵ҲֶԼڵʶ
һ뵽
޲֣ǸɶҶЦԼһֵѣһȫһ򾡣
ޣΣʲôֶԣ̧̫Լ̫ˣҪǱʵ𣬾ôһʶͶӰֵñһǳ̲ϺӣƽŪκΣκΣⱾȻʧˣȻ
ʱ򡭡

һǴѶ֮⡣
ʲô£ϴǱصͺһ䡣
Ȼ˾ԾƽȻѶ֮˲˵һõ鱨һŭҪˣ
ϣӰӻˡһͰ͵Ļش
ˣϽλһסԼƢƽ
׿ԼҶЦҶЦǸ檲Ļһֱ۵ĵ˱ǡӰӡˣ߿ԴӡӰӡȡõϡ
ù󡭡
еĺˣ쳣𾪵صɴ۾
ſֻӰһһֵŲ˽жֱ֮ˡϸǼһǷ
һɫʲôѲ˵㿴ͬҲƵף˵̫⣬أĿǳױ˽ȥعƣеĹͷ㲻ȫ촷ۣҲҪϵʮ֮˾š
һڵϣŤ״ﾭϣȹǶҲѾ۵òˣڻĽˣ޿ɼν˴ҲͲ˰ɣ
Ϊ˺Ӱһĳߣʹ̫أһʱȴҲҵγҵ״ģȴԴԿ۵ˡ
ԴĽˣƿƲڣȻܵŨȻ޷޸
һصƺ˿̾ƣֹˡ
˻
֤һĻ뵹һ
ӰӵΪ֮У˵Զͬ٭Ҳ˵κˣȻǲκˣȻҪо˻ҪǿһҪ˵ȵز˴γеﻹл·
Ӱӣڵ״Σλ϶Ӱӵ״Ҳǳһɻܼһ£
λӰӡȻ֮ǰҶЦսһĨ졣
ܼһ󡭡һĨѵĴ˿ҷ;ûд˿ڣһ·ôģǲܡҪϿҵǰ״⡭
˵һҵĹڽ칦֪ԴʲôܶǵĹγɼǿҵĿá
ܸоɫĹǲƻǵĹ塭ƺһȻѹЧ
һĨҧұ˼֪Щϴ˵еĹȴҲûκһܹ֮ƥ䣬ţΪⲿ쵽ЦһжԾսʤ䷨ֵܣ֮ĿƣЦյ񻰡
ԾȻһ
ƣϵã
һĨˣԵĿ֮˵Ȼ޵ķʸ֪ʶȻҲϵöԷõĹȴǸ㾪
λϻ˹һִӰӵأ۾պ֮䣬һϴ칦һĽˣǱˣֻƤ֮ˣҲۣɼشȴһּ֮ǿɱ֮󣬵˵ãֹƺƮƹ񹦣б칬ļڡţ־֮һĳֹȻ֮¸³̶ȣֱ֮𣬵Դͷ־ˣӦò࣬ʱ޷ۡ
λϳΣֹ֮ɻ˵˵ֺ϶ΪһǿܹﵽЧԷ˭˲Ե
ǡЦҶЦ檡ġһĨ˵仰ʱ򣬲üԴ


655 ־
Էʵ߲ߡߵʲô̶ۣʵ۾˾ܿɶԷݲİԵºô
ȴסģһʱΣԼڵһʱ˵øˣ
ۡ
ϣʱ̲ס˳
檡
Ц檣վ檺ô
ӰȾ֣Ȼĳ˵С檸ˣ
һöˡ
ôˡ
Ȼˣû˻ỳӰԵȷԣҪǵȴǸС檵ΪøߵʲôزܹӰ˲еȵز
ӵΪˣôΪС檣
һЩλòߵоðɵɫӰӣĵڴţưɣ
֪Ӱʵģȴ֪ӰӾϿЦӰϣƣȴء
ЩˡϵܳأЩǸЦµİɣ
ǵġӰӴ˼Ѿ۵û¡
Ȼ˵ĽֻƤ𣬵ʱƣ˺ǵӣѾҪȥӰӸɲ˵ĵزˡ
⽣˾̶ȶԡΪЩı档
ֱָӽһ˷ֿзһƬƬڹ⣬۽Ƭ̺󣬲ŵǿڽ׿ᣬֻ֮ѿ˵µһǹŽ˫޽У
˹񽣣һߵһɺ֮£۾һ
ֱӸЦݴʣһһţȴҲһһջȣ
ղŵۻ̶ֻȣǿڽܣ۲Ļ˽кǳ֮˽γ˿ڣеǻڴ˴˿ϣʱӹãǻԱγɵڶɱӦڽĵڶЧ
⣬ڽƺĳȴûн֮ӳѣֻѽܣڷЧǾǣѽп˿֮γɶϲ𣬲ңѾѵļλãѸٵĽĲƤ⡣
£ȴû˵Ͼ˹Ȼ޾治С
ӰΪܹ൱̶ȵĵֵҶԷδִֺ߳ܲ٣ûзȫս˿̵㣬ֻѾʱˡ
ܳء
ȻĿ˿Ƶĵ֮̾˿оǣҾҲϵõġҲλЦҶЦô
ǡӰӵʹԽأ۵û죬ȴش
ˣѾȫϣӰӸϽ˹ˣλӰ˵ʱͻȻ漲⼱˸ȻӰϺˡ˼Ѿѵ˿ڼȫ
Ѫ漴ӿ
ŵҩһĨĿУ漴Ũĺɫħ˲ʱһĨ
Ժ˭ҶЦսн˿մȾһҪڵһʱλõƤȫеһʱϳˡܾܿҲ޷ָˡ
һӰӵжϣЦֹȻܹǵĹһǺܾԵֿƣǧ򲻿ɴ⡭
ϿһĨȫں֮е壬Ŀгǰδеء
һáڼ򵥣ҶЦֳ徵Ц߲ӵǿ֮ĵơӣΨһĶ֣Ķ֡
λ˵š
ºͻأرһս⡣
֮еһĨ˿Ѿָ˲٣صشϣ㿴⽣칦᲻롭빫йϵأ
ȻһɭȻػûаϵ
˿϶˵ļᶨڸӰӣǡԼҲƶ뷨
ҶЦ׹Ӿûκιϵ
еģ
ϣΣЦֶΣ׮׮͸Ź죬ǿڽ£칦ܿǵĹ壬ֻҲĹҪһ㣬˵ں½ֵһⷭҵ֣һҶЦˣǸҶЦҲЦһһһĨĴ
Ũ֮ܺеɫ˶£ͻȻˣ
Ȼ¶־֮ɫ
漴Ƿݿ־ʧˣɫٶȻָƽңϽ¼λ֮ͨѷա


656 
ұҪһ㣬׹ѾȷϷغ쳾죬һһҲûлˡ
֮һжصģ
ֻȼ̨ȫɣҵȴ󹦸ɣһħ
ʱǰ׹ǡҲδκεǣ
ǰѶνԼŻԼοǰĶֻһЦǰ׹ӱˣ
ں֮еһĨ죬ƺ̾˿۾˵
ˣνţհǰ˺󣡡
ץʱչж
򣬶Ҫɱˣ
ǣЩڸҶЦȥ˵ˣһĸҳ壬նɱ
ɱһӰ٣
ҵҪ˭ȫȫ
ϣ
ǣ
к亹һɢ
жһͬĸоϡˡ
ôǿƵĳ𵽵Ķ벻Чǰ˶ƵҶЦǱȥԭܱЩ˶Ҫˣʱֻ¾ҪΪˣ
УÿһÿڣɳԪƷ۷֣ʮˣǰǾۼӪ
ȥңȥɱɱɱ
ɱһƬײȮ
ڶ̳
ǣ

һߣ˷ۼԽԽ࣬ƬɽѾʢˡ
ֻš
ҶЦʱͣĴߣÿһǰ鿴һսǰԱΣһҪȷмսĻʶ
ҶЦܹоԷʵǿÿ£֯мԣٲȻһ֧Ҳģʽ
ս֮УʵģֻһŶӺԣǼȴɢޣɢʲôֻǳ̸̬֯ʲôġ
˫ϣЩʵףܹռϷˣԶԷЧʮ֮£ʤ֮ԲǶ֡Ծ͵ǰԣŶӺսһȺں֮ڵȱڡ
˴ս֮ʱȱݻûеõƵĻôƱؽΪһ°װʧսɵս߱Ҳδزܡ
ҶЦʱصһ档
ĸҲ֮ͬʶһ㣬ÿһ춼ɷĴ鿴Լ֮ϰϻ󷨵ȡ
ô཭ӾۼһǳҲ˵ɽ˺ɢ޴඼񣬲֮ܽһƢ꣬һԲϾܴ֡
ʱ˶ûԼڲССսȻѾǧ֮࡭ȻʱûһƬȴԶ׼ġ
Ȼֽ׶⻹ֹ
ǡôһȺ˾ۼһ𣬳Ժ⵹ΣΪ֮Ĵ⣡
ÿһ죬ԲǧϿնŨľ㣬Լʮ̳ƶȽ˶ԼʮⶼԽ˶
߳ʵǳ˵ʳҲǳ˵ϡ
ܻˣԺȽ֮ҲҪΡ
ЩֺӸֲСڵļһһֻҪǸоûţþˣžת͵ؽΡΪ첻ǡ
һʱɵĺǡ
֮˾۾֮طԲǧ֮УζüΪ졣
ۼôˣȻٲŮޣ¹ƹ칬ıĹŮӣ״һüͷ塣
̲סǰ顣
ҶЦ״ҲǴͷʹ
˵ʵڵģǰЦͬǽɢޣ統ǰɢ޸ɵĹĳҲûٸɣֻɿЦ֮󣬶ԼҪˣɶϰ߲ȴδģȻԱʾ⣬ңЩӣǳɱսɱǴüͷҲһ£ŶϴţйصĽֻ֮¡
ǾҪģȫʵ
ԼĶģҶЦıģһޣȻߵĽֶΣһӣ۶˾Խһɽ߸ߣʿŮʿ򣬱˴μ˫ìһٻ
һµ״֣ߵμȻҲγ˼ΪԱȡ
ɽұߣһƬﻨ㣬ͰżսҲЭǢȫ洦ɼȶ˵ŮӰĿ
徻꣬ټãȻĿ
һɽ֮һߣȴ죬ÿһʱÿһ̣ͬɱһ㷳ڿֱǧɣżмǺһ¡¡


657 
ڴ֮ǰڶ֮ŮڳԻܿһھͬȻ޹˼ɣǻַ졣
һμɽұߣһŲʱ䣬ư֮Ｘ洦ɼ
ҶЦоԼһүǵģŮǱǲʵģѡߣǣûܲˡ
ȣʼ࣬ռݵĵһߣټɽȣﻹа
еľֻ˱Ƕ֮˴ѵļƣķΧ֮£ҲԶģҶЦ϶Ųġ
ʵֹŲ죬ֱӾͷ綷
Ҳûǳ⣬ҲעһЩндʲôиһˣͷ£ҲܵأѾĻܵʺƨ
仰ʵ̫뺷̫еˡ
ʱǧһ룺ܵأʺƨ
ҶЦȻȻһͷϡ
һʱ
ҶЦ֣յԼȻЦͷǽɢޣΪɣһĽҲûɶԼĶģô཭Ӵһ𣬻ܹԼûг¼ѾǷǳܿɹˡǻСѧһ㡭ô
Ǽֱǲܵ顣
ʵ͵ǰԣƽ⵱ǰ֮ˣĪҶЦϵҶ죡
Ǻ٣Ȼڶʱڽˣѵһ֧ѷɫ֯Ǳߵľսϧ͵ǰԣͬ
ҵǰûʵǸˣܻиǿԴպϵѡˡ
ˣҶЦֱӷ񣺡ȥǱִ֣Ҫע⾯䰲ȫȻץʱŮߵˣҲ֪ŮǱ¶࣬ôĽˡ
˵մһȥߣûҵӦУΨС˵ʲô
ȴȻ־ľˡ
һȥҶЦڵʱȫַ񣬲ŲЩӵȦӣȴˮһ㣬ֵòҪҪġ
գգ۵ʱ䶼Ҫֱڶ཭Ӵһš
һʼ˻˼ɺ쵶ǰ˼ȫ޼ɻ̳ӾͺȣһȾһ̳ӣȻˣת⿪ӱ͵ؽǸʹ쾢ʱһﻶ׶
ҪپκεĥϣֱӾͿʼߺںȾƴڳ⡣
ζʲôģҲǶΪ˵ЦӣŻô飬ĽӣķΧĳ̬
ȣϽȣȵˣ
ȾͺȣӺˣˣ
ˣ

ѩѶɽǱ߹һֱӱɰԵζһͷűҵ״̬·ʱܹŻ³һ㡣
ȴʲôζУûкζҪбۼһѩ磬Цλֵܣǰţ
˵һȣզأɩӣ
ɩӺã·һĽкбͬıȳڡ
ֱܲƾȻҲһɢ
ѩڵǰ״ΨһͷǷ˼һĿɿڴſڽࡣ
ôգ۵ĹͶôСӣ⡭ǴӺ˵İ
Ҫ˵ҶЦǴӣ˼ʵѩȻϵģкѩҲǿ֣֮ĲŹʸԼСӰɣǰһģʲô˰
ʵ治ѩ뷨ѩʲôˣ칬һˣ۹ε֮ߣ֮УȻ˼ίҲ֮ǰԳǿʵˣʱ˿̣㰮ɷϰѸģǰɢͬһɩӣϲȻ֮ȴôֲڣ
磬ɩӿƯٺ١һһԺˣüŪۣø֪ɩĴҹ㣿
˵Ů˰ԣʵͬİԣһ⻰Ƶľϣ˶ֱ˶š
Цʲôҹ㣿ɩҲһǽϿߡѩ磬Ǳ칬ġ
˵ţͻȻץץͷתʵ˽ңûаĹ֮λɣ紫Ǵ˵ǲܳɼҵģ
ѩࣺ˵ʲô
ǾûˡһЦܱϣɩӾǸ칬Ĺλֵܣҳûȥɣ
˵ʱѻȸ֮С
ոջ׶⣬˿ȴ·𾡶ɵ˵Ѽӡ
һҴһˡ
ѩ磡
칬֮


658 ţ
쵶š
磬ò̫˰ɣӦǿŶԣһݵ˵ģ
ѩ統ôˣжٵĲʹ죬ȴҲ˼ѿԼǰҪάģµ԰ڹⶼʲôζһȥɡ
Цúúãֵǣң飬ٺǺȾơ
˵ֱӱѩ磬һʧ
֮࣬һͷÿ˵ԺУȫȻû⣬˵Ķͷ϶亹ð
Լղʲô
ǽѩ硢칬ɩˡ
ǸղǸžЦļһ˿ˡ
ɵˡ
ղҶɶ
ҸղŶô˵ˣզܻţզûˣ
ôҲҲԣɢٲ
һӾ⣬ʱԼԼŵòɣֻͷ亹䤱ʪ͸ѡ

쵰ңѩŭĿġһȺ˶ȻܹסĵطС㡭ң
ֱƿһߣ
ŭǸҲ
һϣҲûóѣòѩ粻֪˵һʲôǳŭֱӻȭк
ѩ绹Ͳ˵Է
޶˴֡

ڶ峿
ѩŭȥҴҶЦ
ҶЦ§˯Ȼĳ⼸Խʳ֪ζúõй˾ñطĿ
飡
Ц齵ĶСݴֱӱһ߿ˡ
ѩεΪҶЦΪҪ֮ϣض״֮£ǷʤӦĳ˵ŵʱ򣬻ûüӦ䣬Ѿ߿ˣ
ҶЦֽһǽܵľһѩǱѾ˽
׵Ůӣ
һѩʱһ£ʱͨ죬Ϊ˵Ȼ֪ĳ˸ĳòƿ϶˰飻ҼǸΪԵȴҲûп®ɽò˼ʾֻλЦ޶ȣȵطҲһŮɶɶ
æתȥȳ·
ҶЦͷˮŭһæҵĴӣһߴŭѩ磬Ůô£ҵķ䣬Ŷһ¾ʹ˽㡭ֵϱҲô󲮵ķɡ
ҶЦʣ漴ͣסȴǴ档
ԭܼ򵥴ֱղǿúѩѩ׽۵ϣȻһƬ࡭òƱ˴ˣ
զأ
˭Ҵ
Ҳ˵Ϊǿףһ׼ţҶˣ϶ڵһʱŭ𣬺ܵ
ҶģϽҽǸ쵰ŪϽģѩŭڡҶЦڴ·һʱͱˡ
ҶЦУԼۣȴԼֵȥǱĵؽһͿ
ѩ̬Ȼܲƽ⣬ԱȫΡ
ˣѵСҵİŲ⣬֪һҶЦһͷˮ
ӦòܰҪԼİţֻԼ˵ôҲԼˣòɶɣ
쵰ѩָͷĲָԼϣŭҺĺ죬ҶִңҴģѩһʲôʱܹ
ҶЦͷظֳߡ
ɶף죿
ɲܴŵ˰У죿
ʲô
ô
Ŀô
Ŀ
ô£
ôأ˵˷˾ѧŸ㼸ͿʼˣһߵȻѩ֣ԷڵӣҲɵŭ죺һûµı֣ǴˣȻΪţһˡ
ȻжԶ꣬£ȻȻվͬΪŮ˵һˡ
ҶЦڰ֣ȵȡֻ֪ܸɵó£ȥˣԷ˭㲻ǵ;˵ɣ
ѩһȻŭδôǵ;˵һȺˡ
ʱɵˣʧɶ˹죬ҪһȺˣ⡭ģ
ѩ޺޵ĵβ棬ΪֹŶִҵģ
ʱߣŭڣˣֱӾ͸ֱŮ֮УأŮ޶ôȻҸ
ţѩҶЦͬʱе˲Ծ
ѩħˣ̫ɶˣҶЦһ㣬֪࣡
ҶЦϽҴס벻ãͷ˵νĹ죬Ǹʲô


659 
ѩ渵ǰȥȥұߵɽȣﱻǰ˸øéһݡζֱѬˣǼһȻôéԱߣһ쵰ڳںȾƣˣǽһ˸߲ҡ
Ż
۾ʶһ棬ʱо̫̲סŻһ
Ҿ쵰Ը⡭ѩ˵˴û˵ͣƬ̲ŵҾ˵
˵ʲôˣҶЦֻ֪ת۵ĹؼֵǰгͻĽ㶼Ϊ仰
Ҿ˵ʲôֵܣʲôãһľҷһ𣬻ܻʲôãѩί˵
ҶЦһĶͷΪǺˬֻģΪߵͣ˵ֵܲãɴеĵطͻǹ¡
ȻأҶЦŶͷֻоһͷʹ
Բѵ˵ҵǰֵÿһǺúӣӴɷ򣬱˴˶Ϊ˱˴˿ĺøǣͺҶЦһ㣬ұ˴˽ģεգһǶƨѩ
ȻأҶЦ˿˼Ȼеֻ֣ܿԼܽڳ׿˺
Ȼ˵ѩ˵ԽصЩµصҾ˵ҶЦҲô£Ϊ㱨ûɲ˵ԼСһȥˡͣ߸ˣذ㶪Լһȥˡ㻹Ǻˡֵܣ㵱֧Сܡ
ѩ˵ҵʱ˲ô˵ġɲġ
ҶЦһԼ̫Ѩ˵˵Щϸ֦ĩڣȻأ
Ȼ󡭡ѩ͵ȻǸ쵰˵һȭʹϡ׵ҹ˵Ҫҡ
ѩҲ˲ʲôȣһƨڵϣޣûĵġʲôˣûʽءҪҡһʵΪ룬ôԴңԺӿզ
ҶЦ˫˫
λǸоԼͷձںХÿһͷ϶մﹲ
ҶЦʹýֺͷȥ룬ҲͲˡ
ѩĻȻģΪΪ˲ŻôĿڲԣֻŭ䲻ȫƣⷬȴвͬ塣
ƽӵģֵ֮顣
һУΣ
ˣҲǱ׵Ĵһ٣ҪǸֵܡֵָܣԣȴǲĳڣεƴ¡
οҶЦ
ƽõֵܡ
Ǵۣ
Ծѩô˵ûг쵶ֻǶȭͷѾǷǳǳӦˡ
ֻӣߣŭˡ
ⲻҵô
ѩⷬȻ˵̫ˡ
ȻŮˣ̫ûȣĳΪֵܣΪҶЦ۵ֲһˣ
ģһ۵㡢ֲ죬νĵһӡ״Ǳ仯úأ
͹ȥҶЦüͷ̾Ҿһ𣬸Ϊħ벻ɵĵһ£ȻǵǷ֮ľףĩá
ѩһŭʲôбĩãһȫϧ񡭡ȴһӣҲǹˡ
ҶЦͣסΣŶС˵Ҫ㣬Ҳ˵ˣԸҾͲһˣʡֺ߲á
ѩԶʱɵۣɫһףĿ
סЦզֺ߲Ͳȥˣ¹ֵܵļ£һҸһ˸йҪֵҪȥá
ҶЦѩ磬ѩĿɴͷСϱһ㣬β¶һ֡
˰죬ѩ˵Ǹ˵Ҫҡİɡ
ҶЦһۣңˣ㿷֮ޣʹӣ
ѩȻеҶЦڡԼ˵ǸоôôŤأû˵
㿷ȫҶ㿷ߡ
һ·ߵΪҶЦڹСľ֮⣬ֻ죬㡢㻹Сζ
ѩʱˣ㿴㿴ߴңȻȾƳ⡭Ȼ˯ô㡭
ҶЦ̾˿һ
ľʱͨһ죬ƺĳ˵˴£漴顱һ˳˳˭
һ鵽ҶЦʱһ֣ˣ
漴ѩ磬ǴŭʲôǰѾˣԺһξʹһΣ


660 һ壡
ѩŭʵûĵĻ˶Ҷһԣ
һҪûģһˡӶ
ѩ׷ɣ쵰ҵף˵ҪȢң˵ҪһһҺáȴַˡȻҶ㣬㻹˵㡭
˵žҪȥƴ
Ƥ㻹ͬҵ֮Ұߴʲô
ҶЦ
˰ɣҶЦһߣվһദͷܴλͣҪʲôǾôԸ˼ҿЦ
˵㶼ЩʲôȻţҪţͰ˵ɵýôˣ˵ɣ˼ȫȫ㣬ôߵĵλˣ飬˵ݾݵģȫȻû˵ӣû˵ĵ˵˵㣬㻹еζ𣿡
ԴûзӦ
ѩ粻⣺Ҷ˵ʲôأǸˣôû˵ˣûˣҿҼǿģдֹۡûҸ㣬ߡ
ǣĹˣ֮ǰֻǱ˵ֵܻھȻҵ˵ˣŮˣôܲݣУݲˣղŻͷԵַˡ
ѩһʱſڽࣺҡһҲˡ
ۼҪײǣҶЦԴʱִˣһסȫҴסǿûﰡǿģݵҲҸϷһ㣿
漴ĳŲ¿Խ̣Թܣ㶯֣ſޣʾ㵱ǲԵģ֪
漴תͷѩ磺㣬ѩҲǵġ㶯֣ǿ϶ԣֵܸʲôױǹ¶ӵľ飬صľֵܡƫƫֵܡⲻ𣿼ֱǷǷʰǷ̣ܽǵһΣҲϣһΣҪƵ鷢Ҳǲܵģ
ѩҲԴȡ

ҶЦС˵־Լ½ףӸʮ壬ֱӶе¾ʹ˽ҹ˭Ҳˣ͵ûԺ˭Ҳ׼ᣡô
˶㿴ңҿ㣬ȴǴ۵СۣüĿ
ѩߺߵƫͷȥȻƽ֪ôĺˣҶЦϽʹ˸ɫ쵰㿴ϱϱѾġ㻹Ͻȥ˼ңôƯϱ㾹ȻҲ֣ôõĵҪˣҿĿȥ
ͷͻȻһ̤ѩǰüŪ۵˸ӣ㡭
ѩһٶתȻʹ˴ĳˡ
תȥЦϱʵ֮Ҿϴˡ
ѩʱŽŵͷȵ޵ݡ
ˣ
ϴϴʲôϵ
˽¾Ҫô˵ɵǼٴ
ۼϷȴǰһֱӽ˱ס
ѩò£Ҳ֪ǲأǲء
ٺһЦһ˵̿Ҵ㣬Ȼԣ۵ģôܶȭͷǣȴǲӦֵܣԺҪһ㡭
Ҳԣڴ˸㲻ǡֵ
ҡԺҲֵܾǡѩ򸡣
ЦǾôˣ²ΪҶˣ
˵תͷһҶЦͷ˵ˣûˣ㻹ﵱ񰡣Ͻ˰ɡ
˵ձѩ羶Խľݣ۵һӹ˷š
漴ǺＱĵ˵ţû¡
ѩ߼ѣ쵰ﵱء
漴һ𣬸һǿСľȫ֣ʱһжΣʲôˡ
ֻСľòҡΣҡΡ
ҶЦȴ
ʲô˵أ
ԼȰܵķȻֱ̨
ҿԹĸ湻ԡ˲Žý˾ͱӹǽŴիͲҪˡҶЦҡͷ̾ϢҲȥǸղҲûͱĳŮ˸ˡҲȥ
ʱ࣬ʹŤҶЦһѡ
Ȼ񼼣κŮԶʦͨĴмң
ֻϧЧòƲզأĳ˸žͱҶЦһѱಡһʧˡ

һƬҿֲķΧ֮С
˷Ծڲϵطɱ¾¼
Ϊֲֿ¼ԽԽƵҶЦصĽҲԽࡣ
˷ͬٴ㺣һ㣬ÿһ·϶ﲻˮ


661 սǰĸı
߹·;УԾɲϵкðɱȻҲ˲ǽ˻Ǻˣʱ֮ǰǧƣ
ЩԱȽƫƧС·ϣ洦ɼûͷĸʬ
ЩϢ½ɽȵգҲѹһ죬ЩֺǼһı䡣
һ֣޾סƬɽȳ׵׵Ĵɨһ飬ɨøɸɾелգдȻڶ޽ֻ֮Ҳνéޡ
ɢĽɢޣһҲ֮ǰϰߵŶѵҲǰڸȵȣʼţ˵ǰ˵ϧ
ÿ˵ϣֳһսǰء
һս֮󣬵˭Ҳ֪Ƿʤܣû֪ҶҪ߾Ȫα֮ǰôݣȻǾҲҪɸɾߣ
ƬɽȣԼģվͬһŮ޶ԸѵǾĸԸһȺһֱ
Ѿ֣֪˭Ѿ⡢ŵô꣬ôҲѾˣѵ֮ǰôһζùҹҪʱ̣ıһ
ʤˣˣλֵǺȾƵʱĪҷͷһ룡
ʤˣһţΪֵܣƣڤһ
ս֮ʤȥҵļҾ죬ֵǴΪչˡ
ս֮ţֵǵļҾ죬ҵ
һս޻ڣ
һսȫԸ

дһ½
󡣡
ֵܣһ£ö㶾γЧɱ

ĴɼڻѨ洦ɽˮ㣻Щǣƺһҹ֮䣬̥ǣòȻһ£øɾ࣬ܣһࡣ
δ֪ΣԽԽĴ˿̣˾ԼͬػһòһĻ
գһŮڳɹƷʱ·ߣûᵽ֮ǰ֮ΨֲζǺǱ߿һۣʱͬ´½ľ졣
ôôɾ
֮ǰǹŻζȻȫûˡ
Ȼû˺Ⱦơ
Ҳû֡
ؾȱ仯̫ˣѵǼˡ
˵йҲ˵죬ʱ˿̣ȴǱȼҪϡ
ò˵Щ˵һͦɰģҲЩȡ֮һŶۡһһ˫Ȼм㯡
⻰ǡ
һСöһҲδỰС˵еİζ
иܹһǼֺη

идŮӻȥ֮Լôһ˵ʱ㲻кŮӹ͵ȵǻȥʱұɽȵĶӻò˵ǣЩǸֵĽӣ¾ǳԵ
Ů޶ǸеǰһĳϢ
ԣδŮӱ˼ΪʦſһԾɲƮҡ˼ҪһʵĵڣЩŮӣǹ¼ҹˡ
˿̣ڲ֪ս֮£һǱ鸴ӡ¶ȥȹؼʱ򣬲֪Լ˻ǹж۵Ŀ꣬ǻʲô
ʲô
ʲô
칬ѩǿƳЦĺ׳У˴ﶼ˼ֱˣǻʲô
¾жλŮӣĳ۵ˣϧĴ󵨵ڱס
иԱ칬Ů
ȥĶ̶̼ʱȻмʮճɾ˽˵Сľݣסһ𣻶ڵҶЦ˶ûֹּɡ
֪ǳĽǼֻЧƣ֮ԽԽŮӿۣڡɽ֮ɽŮˣ¾һ
ɽǺбҪģϾɽ̫ߣһռزСɽʵܿճٿռ䣬ܴٵСľء
ʱҶЦоԼֱӾͳ˾ƹ
ǹ཭ɢףϲƣһܺϼʮ٣ȵɶϵȵ£ȵΣǺȲΪ̫ߺȲڴš
ҶЦҲŰɫˣ
ŮӪ⣬ÿÿڳɤӴС
࣬ϲ㣬޸Ұɣ
Ҳ֪ǻֻҪһһ죬ͻúöһ죡
к󰮡
ŮӪУһƬŮ볶ɤ塣
࣬Ӧ
࣬Ӧ


662 ϲ
Ⱥ֮£һİŮߣŮǿ˳ߴӣǰˣҡҴӦˡҡһһ죬Ҳһ졭
໡
˺ŮˣһɤӹֽУ
Ϊһ˵Я֣ͬһźľ
ˣݰǵϲơ

ȴǽżʣҶЦһҪͷֽ֣űĻ
һȺüʮ٣ǣƫƫȲȲҲ£

ڸ߸ߵϡ
˳ԾһϮʤѩ£ɫȻңǱߵ֣ƺȫȻûа㴥ƮƮվţƵȻĵʵȴǵӵӿ
עԶ˶ˣλ˴ӵ֮µҶЦ֮£¸ɬ
ͬٵĽŴ̼֮£⼸Ϊɲ⣬ڶƽ࿴˳ȻҲӵ˺üʾ
ӵ˳ֻҪһޣͻἴʱܶԶ֮
Ծ׷ڡ
˳òʥսΪȻǷЩŮ֮УҲ׵һָ
ôû˴⣿
ۿԶһ˴ӵǸ߹˳̾˿
ʵǲš
ɱҲдҲУʵˡ
Щ˹ʾ⣬˳һչѾ˳ȥ˴ӵ£׼ȥϲƵҶЦ
ң嶯һΡ
ҶЦǱάһݣһƬյǰǱߣѾȺϲƣֻĳ˽٣ϲ²ʽʼ
˼ΧҶЦߵģǸԼɢ֮еĶ׸֣ÿ˶ϲЦտ߼ʮȥ˾ˡ
ȻʱէӰһУһµ˳ͻأֵسǰסȥ·
˼״һ㶡
λҪʲôأ
ֻ˳վ·룬һ˫ˮ۽мλõҶЦϡ
˼״һ֮Щƺʲô
˼ܹۼҶЦߵˣһҲǾϵʵϽֻҪһ½Ů޵ĶͲ뵽ܻᷢ飡
ѵλ½ŮܳҵľɫҲҪ«
ңĿ꾹Ȼǡ
ǣλòѾûУ
ҶЦͻ˳Ҳһ£۲ŶԷֻĿɨ˵һ˲ƺµҪʲôµʱһ¡һʱ䣬Ȼ֪˵ʲôźá
ǣҪֹ
ǣֹ
ǣҪֹ
ǣĲֹ
һ㲻Цһ˲䣬ҶЦԺоඵתתӺܲݵͷ
ȻĿ֮£ĳɱ״̬֮УȸķΧ˳ˡ
ȻȻĿˣ
Ҳһ֮ǻȪٲ˵ǴźҪ˵һҪ˵
˵ҲڣҲźѡ˵ȴźĻᶼûˣ
ĿҶЦ߸ɾʵĴҶЦ
ҶЦ̧ͷ
ĵĿ˷ʼһ
ϲ㣡
˳ȵ˵
ҶЦֻоԼӶȻһ£Ĳ֪ˡ
ֺֹҶЦܵ˵ȫͬһʱһ¡
ʱ׷˳޲ȴʼû˳ɹȻҲ˲²˳ˣȴûκܹ뵽ϲ˾ȻЦҶЦ
ڣн˵䡣
ת룬ҶЦ˲ΪʵӣȴǸŮ޻᲻ģʿˮ
ֲ˳ϱˣҶЦĻϱ˱Ӧ֮е顣Ҳ˵ЩޣǷ˭ܹʱ˿̵ҶЦȣȫ߱ɱԣ
µһ֣䣡
ЦӢ۵Ц
ݣʵвŸɣֵκһҲǲƺģ
϶Ȼһ¡
Ƕ֪һ㣬˳һ仰֮󣬲ҶЦӦҲáӦҲգԼԺ󶼲ٶ˳ʲô˼ˡ
򣬶ȻᱻȺ֮
ʲôȻظŮˣ
ҶЦͬ⣬
ڲͬ⣬ԺһҲͬ⡭㻹ǳģ
˾һĻ

Ŀ۽עλã˳һʤѩƮƮŮ˼䣬˵˵Ķˡ
ҶЦ˿˵
˳ȴѾһ˵ҶЦϲ㣬ҶʵκŪˣȴǲܼ޸ģҲʵս֮һȥ㣬ϣʱܹһ𸴣𣿡
˳ⷬڣҶЦ˲ʱϻŮӵ⡣
˳ڴ˿̱ףּҪ޸ԼҪԼһصơܵ޵ɧš


663 Ϊ䵲
˳ĻȴǳģϲԼֻΪĳδ֪ԭҪ飬ݰ
Ҫһ浲ƣڴҶЦ
˳ҶЦ˲ʱ
һ˫ˮе⣬в˵źҲ˵ʹ࣬СԵ
Լһ¡
ãҶЦˬشӦ˹Ҷĳڣ˹绪ƣҶĳûĽ֮飬ϲýκŪˣƽٷӿȻ֮Ҷĳ̴棬һһ𸴣
ãʹһΪ
˳һлĪ״Ļɡ
ҵ˼
Ȼҵģ
Ҫǣ˳ܹóȻ˴˼ʾͬϷһ˵ҶЦ֮УȴҲϡ
ȻҲҵģ
˳лЦҲ䡣
ҲܣĲܣվǲܡ
ϲ㣬ģ޸㣬ģ
ҪŮˣҲģ
ϲңġ
㲢ܾңҲġ
ǡ
ȴƫƫܡ
Ūˣ컯Ūˣ
ս֮ǽ˳ĿҶЦתһȦմһΪС
ҶЦ˵˳ȻڿмһʧӰ١
ҶЦжȻһ
仰֮У˳˵֮
һս˳սľˣ
һ̣ҶЦг˵ĸС
ͱĶԣΪ˵ҶЦֻжŮ˵涯飬ǾӦǰļˣ϶ϲܴȻҹ£СѾͷΪԵ˼һֽԼԵȴΪ˴֪֪飬Ȼ˼¶ں쳾죬ҶЦȴǲһʱƬ̻һǱǵģǱĪԼеһСѾͷС⣬һ
֮⣬˳£ҶЦ߸жȴδ涯Ķ飬֪µΪʲô˳⣬ȻԼ֪˵Ȼģȴδã
Ǵ˿̣ۼ˹ˣΪĳԵ־Եȴ뼺йأҶЦȻǸпĪ֣
ϲˣϲˡ
Աߵһ˵ȴǴЦŹϲ
˹Уɫ㣬˿иˡ
˹άУҶЦ»ȻǶЦӦȻϯǰһ˵ϲơ
Ψ۾˳ʧķĬĬ̾һ
˳߲ϵ˭ΪƮƹϵȴϲ˳
µΨһӣ²ˡ
ϴŵǼ··°ڵλãһ
ԼͳȥĶ
ѵ֮ݣ
ѾͷҲϲҶЦġ
̾˿ֻоһ飬ңⱲ֡
̫ˡ
ѾͷҶЦԺָദأ
Ը֮ʣǱߴҶЦĺ
ˡ񣬼æӦһһĹ˹ȥ
ϡ
˳һϴ֦ҶïסΣʵȴʲôûиɣ鷳ȫ֪Щʲôһҹδߡ
ԺУʼڻصһ仰
˹Ҷĳڣ˹绪ƣҶĳûĽ֮顣
˹绪ƣҶĳûĽ֮顭
ҶĳûĽ֮顣

֮˳һ̾ϢϲýϲýʲôáһչŪˡʦվܸġ
Ŀǰ֮Уȴȫ޽ࣻһģ֪Ʈȥ
ãҹдһĵ̾Ϣ

ص˳ȻȻδڵǿô£ʵкüˣճյĿҲһҹߡ
˳ǰΪۣԿţȴȫʵǧ⣬˹
һҹԳЩˣֻҪٿŮһۣ޸
˳ľٶ׷Ƕԣɴܴ󣬵˭ʲôݵλ˵˽֮󣬶ǲԼͬشԭ˼
ЦŮˣ
Ȳ˵ǲǣçײçײԲ񡭡
㻹Ҫ
ûµһ䷨Ҫ´ܿ䣬ߣ
û˵λߴ֮һڣһҹ֮䣬׻ҷ𡢲
ûͬպյǳţЦѰ֮ʣΪͳУи߲ȫɱһ˿أ
򣬻˭˵ԼЦĶ֣


664 Ů̸
һ㣬˳ıףԼҶЦĻӦ⣬Ը赺ϣԼһԸĵ˼ɱȣ۴Ǹ˵ԼûϣֹԶԶŮһۣˣ
̬ˣ˳ҲԸó˾ʾ׵徲ˡ

һߣ޶żҶЦҲһҹδߡ
ֻǰҹʱȷʵ˼˳飬飬оᣬ񲻶˼֮£ȴûԼԷĳŵ󡢴룬˼⡣Ȼ˺ҹ
ĳ˾ԡߴӵľݣʱһ飬⣬ֱӻΪǣֱ³ķʽһץڴϣΪ
Ǻ֪ϧǳ
һϿǵ˴ùĳڵȥĳѧøˣ飬֪˺εȴǱóƣģַʽ
һתݵĸ͡
賿ʱ֣ǿҲղ̢һ̯࣬˯˹ȥ
һĳҶЦվɣɵпʼ˼£һҪӺδأ
ĳ˾Ȼڲſʼ¡
ɢ޽дУĲ֪зˣ
˼Ӧ˪лһΡ
ӦҪҶЦ˵˵ģߵľ棬СľݾͬʮΧ֮һĲͣɵԪ۷ľεʵʵΪҲʲôӦ
Ӧﻹ֪ʲôһڣŻתˡ
ҶЦԼ֮ģԼóóȻĽȥˣ䶾ֵΣ
ǡԼ˳Ĵ󸾡
ڻ֮ǰóѣ
ԲУ
ߣСʱմЩˣȥźˡ
һ˵ԼС檣ʱʱ׽ڼд˵ô˵Ҳвƶû£ĵܹЩġ
ӦԴȴе⡣
в鲻ֻҪһ뵽ҶЦġС檡Ȼ
λΪ涼Լ֮ϣԼ֮ǰϲϵĴ
ʱֻ»ҪؽԼһ㣬Լŵʱֻվź򡭡
ÿֻҪһ뵽Ӧͱˬʹ졣
ߣңҽݽãҪ㡭
ôǳ˵С檣Ҫûλ֡ôڶС
ӦȻνڵ渶жֻôһ룬Ȼֻ÷ֹʣԾǷǳĸо
Ҫ˵ļҲˡңɥʧǻᣬһʱһļһ˴֮ԣʱĳ˻ԼϯΣɲǰЦЦ޵ģޣǻޣǾ޲ˡ
ӦԽ泩ҲԽûб߼ˡ
ұӦóԴ׵ģӦôġôоˬòƲӦãܲӦð֪㲻в
ӦĬĬš
ˣҼ๫ǴôһС檡߽νȫ⣬ǲõɶġ˭֯ȫԱɽ˺԰ΧҶЦС檣Ҳɱһһϴϴ˯ɡ
ǾӦ˯ȥˡ
Ȼ˪ºҲˡ
ŴNɽҡضеСľݣŮǺܾġ
ŮҲˣҲôˣɫˡ
û
ǸСҲ
СľݶڶͣĶѵҪô
֪ʲôо
ޣСʲôء
˵ңҾͲ㲻룬˵벻롭
˵Ͻȥϴϴ˯

ڶ죬ҶЦһˬȥȥˡ
ӦϢؽľݡ
ǱҪ𴲣ȴԼȫ֫أԻҹϣһҲ붯ֻ˯ϸʱźá
о˽һ̧ͷ֮ʣȴӦѾˣЦһζıעԼ
һ죺ôˣ
ôˣѵһôӦ죺С檣δܵҲ̫˰ɣȻҹĸˣ֪֪ɶԽ޴ң֪֪ɶвλıǸС檣ֵ˵ġ
һ죬Ҳ֪أơС͵ԣĸץסǱоȻоԼ氫һͷȻȫҷֻǵı֪˵Ĳ˼
ӦٺЦЦͻȻЬӣ״Ҫһ䣺Ҫʲô
ӦǱѾԼ䲻ݷĸٶ˱ѣһѱסȵѽʲô·Ҳû
پû㡭ֲҪҶ


665 Ը
ƫҪҶҪҶҪӦǰʵĵطݺһѣаЦָǲС⼸źǼҹӣͦľһ£ҶҪ񫡭
˿̻Ƕ֣㡭ҿҪ˰
㷭㷭ڷǡɶôӦһ˵ˣһ檣Ҹĸ㣡ȥһɦ
ڿǰ̬ʱŤֵԲסס֡
֮Ůκᷢҵڱڰ
㡭㡭ԺôأӦʵ
Ѿˡô졭һһ¡̾
ѵ㻹һֱȥӦ۵š
һ֮󣬵ڵѾˣ鶼Ѿȵز뿪Ǳ¶ݣôȴֲʱˣʵʡ
һУ¶ݣԤ֪ĺԸά״˲˺ٲ־ˡ˵Ҫ֪࣬᲻ỳһֱƭŪ
Ūզôɶĸоأˡ
ҲǿЦ˵ġ
֪˵ﻰҲ֪ô찡
룬һŮ檣һת򳬼ǿߣŵĻˣյ˵ô죿ݵľ޴ת䣬ɲһܹܵġ
Ӧͬе̾˿˵Ҳ湻ùġһ޵ǿߣôˣ˵ĳ˻䶼ûˡôϡͿĳ˼ҵŮϡͿı˷ûɶλ檡ǻС˵ûôģ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
Ҳںλߴʤ侲дЩĿžӦôܰ泩Ҿ볤õĴߣ˶ѡ
ӦһסҪĵĲߣֱҪް
ҴΪҵĵù˵෴ҵͺͲ
ӦĬȻΣôǵһӵС檡ҲĸԸˡ
Ȼһ£һ˰֮󣬲żᶨ˵ҵһС檡ܹĻҡ
أȴּᶨ˵ҲԸ⡣
ӦЦ
漴Ůͷͷ粢żص֮󣬱˴˶˵
ֹ˺ðΣҪ˵ʲôѾеŵʱȴӦصش˹Щ˸ҲͨһƬ
Ĳʵ
˵ǸӦ£㡭ܲһ£
ǽ֮䣬ʲôǲʵģʾǡ
Ӧıȴ£һѹʵҾʣǡһǸɶʱ򡭡ףʲôζ
£ΪƻŮľӦǷĵ׵ĺ档
ԶʱҪҪ֪Լһ²֪һôȫûа㿹ֻ֮Ҫ㹴ָ̾
Ȼ֪ģڻ롭ǸôӦҪ
Ҳֱ֪һھܾ
֪ҿ㣬ÿһζֵܿӣʳ֪ζô᲻֪Ӧб۾ϣҿɽ֮ⶼڽУеǽһ߿
ʱһʶͦޱϻȥ¶õӿΡΡȴǸûԼ¶ޱߴɫɫһӾͱɷף˵Ǵ涼
һˣֱҪȥ
ϵ׮׮ɶܱġ
ҶЦŪ֮£оԼʱѾʧȥǣȫһͷβﳹг˷֮⣬ֻٱҶЦʶȣԼòƶ֪Լ˵һЩʲôһЩʲô
ȴ϶֪ЩǾԲġ
ǡƽһ룬þõһĻĻ֮ǰҲ벻Լһ쾹ȻὫЩԼ˵
ϣȴƴһнһ㣬ȫؿƲסԼ
˼ʾžӦ˵ˣ˵ֱһ
ɲǼΨһоԼҪˣ
ûˡ
ֱӾˣˣϸϽһףҰɣ
ưŵã̫ɶˡӦб۾Сӣϻǹˡ
תһ룬ʱ˾ӦֻŻԼ
Ͳʲô


666 ҹս
ҲΪԼҶЦ˵κ˿ԿţԭڣԼϿҶЦҪ£һνɫݣԼӦĿԳƣίлǵ汻ӦˣھӦ͸Լƴˡ
һ򣬵ʱһһ֮ȴַԼǰ״æһվæĴ·תͷһҲҪЦ֮ΣҲôһġ浽ʱͻ֪ǵǸʲôζЩҪġ
Ӧ϶Ȼһ죬ߣ˵Ͳ˵ʲô˲ģ˵챻ŪҪҪġȻ컹ôӲ
ҧ촽˵Ϊ㻹ܶãʱǿõȥʱ㻹һҪŪҪҪģЦң֪ձ˭Ц
Ӧ𣬺ҧ촽׷ɱСӣȻĿŵȡЦĸҪͷ㡣
˾׷Ҹϣɽ֮׷һҪִмҷһƴߡ
ֻȺ۾Ľ
˼Ц֮䣬ȻܹദǢ
Ǳ׼ĳɹʿ
ܹк첻ƮƮѾ˲𡢺ܼˣڲ֪ûбȽϾû˺
ĳɹ˾Ӧ˼Цһ㣬Ǽк첻ƮƮңԼ棬ҲǲƮƮ
һ־簡
ֱǼ޾磬ޣ
ҶЦ߲Ÿ³ͿŮ׷ҸϣЦ²ɵһ֡
Լ滹Ǻȹ̵Ρ
پֽ׶Σǲˡ
Ӧͱദ൱ǢķΧɲϷܹġ
ܹӪΧĻǸҵ˸°
ԽԽˣԽԽ⣬һҲ
·룬׷Уֻǽ׷Ŀ꣬ͬʱŮϡ
ѽ
Ů״ͬʱһϲԼͬȫɳһĴ첼߷ֽΡ
ر˴˿һۣ漴һһʧ֮زز
ᣡˡղûʲôɣ롣
ᣬˡղûʲôɣӦ롣
УɲǼֻһˡ
ҶЦվһ
һ⡣
զ£
ʲô
ղôˣôһ˾һ㣿
ضˣ
һһҪ׷˭
׷˭Ҳ԰
ʣһˣɵһվڡ
ҿôզ¶
˵һˮԣ̧ˮԣвûˮԣȻǰòãôھûóأ
һϣ¹˪óӦԾѲɽȶ
Լǵǰ䣬ΪãȻҪִ֧Ĺ
ÿѲӣŮе
¹˪ʵѲӣȻࡣ
Ůӵıϸ£¹˪֣ˣ޾ϸβ©
֮ǰ죬ȫκ鶼ûз
Ȼϡ
һƬž֮С
ͻȻԶɽִ䡱һ죡
ͬʱԴڵһƬ֣һƬӨҫĺ嫽֮У˰ա
һ̫ͻأֱһ㣬˲ʱˣ
ҶЦڰһתһϮѴϣХһն𣬷ҡɣѭȥȴԴ˶˵İУ
һϮµҶЦʱһҹɫİ׹⣬ķ
ҶЦ֮ģһƥҲƵĹâȻһžü뵺漴ʧԭ
ٽȴѩ磬ңңȻԶȥĺ׹⣬ʱһ£˵ôô졭
漴һƵһ㼱ȥ
ߵģֺ뵶羪һն˲񷣬ڿд̤ۣ
ȫȥԴλõĵڣ˶һ죬ԴλõɽҡҡλΣҪһ̣˪һԶԶߣ
δ䣬кճ¡
Ĺԣ˲ʱǧɽ֣
ͬڷɳԮ»ʼ״Ȼһ૵¼ʱУ¼ʱУ˪λϣȻѾ¹ѧ߲Σ
Էʲôˣ˪λ֣ȻҪ˷¼ʱӦԣ
һ
ƥҲƵĺ󽣹⼱ҫɽתһȦɽϰ벿Ȼʹո߸ߵķ𣬳߿ա
ȴǱһɽȫնϣ׷ɶ
ʲô
Լɼɽ·ʮӰһļŲ
ɽطжӰɢһɢӡ
λڵλõŰ׵һϺȣһҲƵĹâҫҹա
һ̣Ȼϰյǰɽȥˣ佫
ɽعλȻһĻʯ쾪ɽĴϷ


667 ˪֮ս
ǧһ֮ʡ
ӰһӰڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣʯһȥɽ·һ̧Ȼ׹İɽסˡ
ǵģסˣ
޻٣ǰǰɽϣȵסˣ
ֻǣһ˸һɽֻǰɽԾС
է֮£ȴǰɽոһͣڰλá
пһĻΧߣԼ۾
һܹ飿
ʵȻǰʵ
עĿֻһסɽˣһλƮƮӢɣȴЦҶЦǺˣ
һλɽģ¹˪
ֻǴ˿̵˪º״̬ǺܺãЩǱκᷢңǸȻѪȻһЩֻǲ֪ضѡ
ȻƲأԾɲͷһ
˭
Ȼܹ¹˪֮£Ծɴǣ
¼Ǿζų֮ʵֲһëȻĳ̶ȣ
뿪ҶЦһϺȣһ̧ɽ塰ಡһٴ˳ƷҶЦһ˪һºʯһ⼲
һ·ȥ˲ʱȥɽƽϣ߲ŸոأǱ߸žʹ¡һ춯ѭȥȴɽѾ˿Ϸԭλ
ȴûеʯ쾪ɽɽֻҡһ£漴ȵסˡ
ʱϹģдмңۼɽ䣬սĶֻôһ㣬ֱͺǱһɵľˣţСİڷһϸ
ݾ׼Ĳٿ˾һ࣡
׷ʲô£״ؾ˹ҶЦ˪º
˪˿أԷǵԪƷ۷֡ʮλ
Ԫ۷֣
ʮλ
仰ˣÿ˶һ
ԪƷ۷֣Ѿվ綥˵ĳǿߣ
ǰЦ쵶оӦҲζѣ
ԷȻһԳʮλ֮࣡
սֱӾǿ
ϸĹΣҶЦԽⴴĵƼҩÿУʵ
˪ͷǵ˲أ˷ѡ
ȻҶЦȴǲɷ˵ؽҩ˽ȥ
Ѳ⶯ԭһ糣ߵߵʱȴȻоЩɭոĵطһܵ˾衭
˪˵
Ծǵͷ
ΪߣﵽزΪ⻷仯г̶ȣһġ˪˵ָоһ˿˵ġס
ǻС˵νѪ
־ֻ˵Ѫľһ֣һʱȴûзʲôʱһ˵һΣڽӽУֻѾˡ
ûзֿѡֱӳ֮صһƬ˰աºһ𾪣ȫȻδΡ
ˣ˾е׺һʡ
ã
һӦ俰֮ʡ
һͻĶصϰգ˵˵ļƻɽ֪֣ͨ˵˵͵ϮһµϣνǵʱӦ䴦
̾¹˪ȻǿߣӦĴǽͬģֶ˫Ȧɵ㡣
˲䣬ƬѾУͻأطɳʮˣԷҲ˵䣬ֱӴ֣ʹɱ֣
˪ºһһƣȻѪˣǵϾȻû½ӡ
ҶЦһݡ
˪˵µּɾû½ӡ顣
˪ԴӳԹֻع֮һΪϲ¥ѷɫڵκξǿߣܹΪϸǹˣĪ˵ֻ۵֮ǴӹŵֻҲԴչһƵ
ڸղţֵĵ˺޻ٵضһƣȻƴռϷ磬ȻԷʱѪˣȴû½ӡ˵Է֮ʱǵ͹Сºʵʵ·磡
֮˫ƾ湦ӲƴĻºʤҲǼ򵥿ɳɣ
㷨ºƵǸˣһΪعƣҲܴﵽ䷨ֵ֮УǸ
׼ľǿߣ
δͻ֮ǰѩ磬ѷɫ̫࣡
Ҳڵ˵ʵ֮ǿλҵǵչĽƣչս


668 ˣ
˪ԭ֮ˣʵ֮ǿǴԣ˵ȣҲмʵ̫ܲǿǴԤϵǣ˲ڶ࣬ÿ˶ʵףȻڸߵ˵ķϣÿӵеԪ۷εʵȻγʮΧǵľ棻ǽֹڴˣǽ֣ӦأȴԷڰŻ֡
Ҵ˼ʴѾԮˣһХ̣֮Ӱһ˵ЦѾˣҳһ󽣹էֱ֣ӽɽϰգУʮͬʱʹɱ֡ҺºأֿȴԾˡһ֮˸ͣɢӣ֮Ƕ֪
һֱû˵˪һԲĹĵ˵ʵףȻжԣҶǻм̾ģ˸еȴǡڰоȻ˵һ仰
˵ʲôôˣҶЦʵ
˵¹˪Ȼ鴫ʤֻǽͬģѾˣתҶЦǶڵ
ɱ
Ȼǻ˾ͼʧˡ
Ȼ󣬴ˣסɽ˪һ䡣
һ˼
˵ʲôصôҶЦķʵȻ˵ô໰Ƿ˵Ȼһλıɫɡ
뾫һ
һͻƿڡ
ĿѾԷ߲㣬ѭصΪѰݱѰ֯ĻܣȻ棡
˵ɳдһƺһֳأһо֮УζƺƺǶ飬ȫƿءָоĪƶǷƶֻ˲Ƶġ
º룬ежϵ
ҶЦüһ˼򽭺֮У˭
һо֮еƶ˲Ĵڡ
Ӧһּµţº
˪ºͬģһͷ뷨Ҳ˵Ļһ˵˵һ򵥵Ľ˵ȴΩΩФĲº˶˸ֱ۵֪
Ȼ˽˪˵ۺԺйһȦȴԾûзȷĿ꣬ɵöһ㯡
˪λϣ˵ĻǾмֿŶȣ˼˵»ʣ˵Ǿ䡭¹˪Ȼ鴫ʤֻǽͬģѾˡ仰ΪˣҸоΣ
仰ĵ׶ʡ
ܾ仰ƱؿԽ˪õʵһ֮ǰս˵ʵһ£ʳȴȴһ£һ仰ʲλʲãͻᴥ˪üͷ˼»ʳ仰ȴʵѡ
ղŵһۣҽãʵǽ֣˵ĻСʮɰաºüͷ壬Ƭ˵
ºһڳ˾Դʧɫ»ʧʮɣôʮɣ
˪̾һ͵ʮɣ»ʱ¶ǽõĹΪΪȻ֪ǽù໥ת໥ֵͣܣɵͬͬʵĸ˹ͬʩչеʱҪٷһϵܡ
˪һ˵Ȼǹ죬໥תͣ־Уʹܽһߡǽڲ֮ǰ˼侪˵ͻƽչʹöԷԤʧȻֻǵʱڣɱǵĿҲʮɣ⣬Էǽõ˽⣬㵽ֹ֪ǽǴͻƶѣмʤ֮˵β˵ǽңûͻƣĪ˵ֻˣ㼴ȫˣֻƿأ
ƿأ
˪һͷһݣʲôƿҲ˵ܣ
¹˪غ֯۶֮ߣ޲оͷѹһ޴Ǧ飬ġ
˵ʵ˹
ڣǰʾʵԶԶȫʵ
ǰʵǰ˳ɣɣһ룿ֻ߲һ룿
Էʵɺǿ󣡡ҶЦһܵĻ谵ҹɫңǿʵѾ
ߣ
㣬ǵǰҪҪ㣡
Ѿˣ
ͨȥÿ˶Ҫ߾衣
Ҹоһս
˵ţҶЦͻȻһХĵ𵴾Ʋ㣺һȺħȻҲҿҪɱҶЦЦǣɣ
ҶЦһ޻صɱ֮ԼһԴĵ׵мʹԶԶش˳ȥ
֮䣬Ƭɽ֣ص졣
ħħħ
ǡ
ּɱ֮ڳ˶Ϊ֮һ
Цη壬޾գ
˶оܹȷţֻҪЩˣЦô;Իزȥˣһزȥˣ
ģ
ģ
޿ɶҡģǣӹɵģ
ҶЦ˵գһӣ˵ȥɣ
漴ȶС
˲޳ɣУнԶ֮ʣͻȻһηĸоȻ
Ǿεǿ󣬹ҲͲֻһȺħѣ
ӵħ˶ˣ̸ʲôǿ
һõļ
ɽȥ
ȴֺ뵣ߴһȺ޲˱ӡ
ħ
֮ǰǲںĳƺǣԴħ֮󣬶֣˵壬Щ˶ԣͱøУڵֻҪһ֣ܺƴ
һ˾ĸһ֣˭Ըⱻ˳ƺȳԵĳƺ
ͺЩ˺ˣе飬Ծɼɻ˵Ǻ飬˵ЩˣֱӾǡ˼顱
ڣȴֻš
޿̣Ҫ̣
Ȼһˡ
ҶЦұɱ㣡
ٺ˴˼ʾаģ¶Ϊ񶾵ɭɭɱ
һ˻صӪկҶЦҹټ߲㣬ʼ
ĿǰѾһӹɣȫ۷弶֣ʵͬСɣС
ڣڲΪ֪İÿһȥ֮󣬵зֵĶԽԽࣻʼû¶棬һֱڰԶ׼ֽ׶ζԣǻɱ
ҹƣǴȫǸ֣Ϊֹʼղ¶棬ӦþҪ֣ƣһɱߵ֣˪õĶͿɼһߡ
Է˴㣬δƾͼơҶЦеԪ۷ĸ֣ȫۼһüɫԼĽơ
շ׷׷˰ۡ
һŮͬࣻΪǶô⣬նǰ߳
ļƲߣ˭ó˵
ôĴֱ̫˺òã
ҶЦߣصʢ˥֮еʵ̫٣ɱ
ԪƷ۷θ֣СҶЦѩϣһλɢʢ˵쳾ǹ쳾ŮӸּС˳Ӧıϣѩ磬칬ϣ»ʣ˪ºԼ¹ϡ
ϼƵĶʮλԪ۷֣Ůӱռʮϯ䣡
֮࣬νصʧ
ȻӵԶһǿʵֻǶһˣҲԶԵ˵͵Ϯγɷɱ֣УҶЦѩӦѩ磬»ʣ˪ºһ
ʵ˪õǰʵΪΣ̶ȶۣԲѷɫ»Լѩ磬Ҳ֪أ޷Լ΢֮Ȼ֣ѹӲƴԺҶЦһ˵Ļȴ»ʡѩκһ֮УΪϣ
˳Լղᵽ쳾ǹ쳾˻ڴСȻ˵ΪҲǿ֣֮ȴҲͬû΢֮ǵʤеκһϣȴҲ߱Ե͵Ϯµķɱѡ
Լʵʩ־ʹ۶˶һţмţĴλεǵɱ
ǣյػε죬ȴûһ紵ݶ˿֡
Զ׼治ǻС˵еԲа׳գѶϤҶЦǳϵ
ҶЦҲȥĵشɽˮͬһ˶ûм
״ҶЩ
ҶЦļȻѾǵǰЧֶΣ߳ܳУֻܱĵȴϮʼǼڰ֪ȥΪǰ취ȴûиõӦֶΡ
Ȼպһ죬תˡ
ҶЦһαϲƵʱؼˣΥˣ
˹ˣʿɶֹʱҪȡ
ƺȵθˣǴͳһһƣ˼˼ˡ˴顣
ã
˺ȻӦŵ


669 Ե
Ҳ֪ҶЦʱһһþ͵ʮʮٵϲƺӦסҲӰ죬ȻǲΪһͺá
ҶЦһ΢ЦٱȥȴҲǰһġ
治ҶЦ̫װ̫αӣʵǽƾ̫Ƶ˭ôȶòڣ£ҶЦֺܼȣֲμϲ磬Ѿ൱ľƾˣ
Ȼڴ˿̣ͻȻһ˲ڵ˹һǼѻÿһҪ˹һ
˾Ŵԣʱ˲Ȼŭ
ʱϲӣﲻܹǹһѾĪӣһ˼ȻҪȥÿһƣ
ôݵĻôôĥأ
ܲҪˣ
ҶЦ֮£ǰȻһ˻˵òȫһＰֵһһʹ졣
˵žվȰ裬žƱһһ˹ȥ˳
ҶЦߵ˵һʱ֮Ŀ⣬˫Ŀ⡣
˴˫Ȼڼƣ˼ȴίʵȻԸӣˡ
ҶЦĿȶϵģȻԴ򣬾ȫȻûѶ䡣λ½ɱ֮˿һ£һͨͨĽ͡
ʱΪۣΪһߣʱܹӵеҲһͨͨĽͣⲻΪ棬Ȼ
ҶЦʲôۿȥȻ֣һΪĿǰѾѾ˵ԪһƷˮ׼
ǧҪΪԪһƷʵѰͨܳǾƵۣƴ½ֻҪϵԪεߣǾǱ׼ĸ֣ӹɵĸ֣
ѰСط׵һۣ
ߴŵĵӣֻҪеԪΪ֮Ҳһ
ؼǣҶЦֵʱʲôΪʲôΪһż೤ʱ䣿
ôô˵ٶȣҶЦ˼
ԼûôһΪܹܶ
ҶЦĲҽţȣʵǾ˵úܣ
˿̣һվŴٱƣƺ֮ǰȫȻʶ˿ڼԴοƽĴּ
ҶЦͷͬ޶õıϻ
ȴһ޵Ĵȥ
ᣬ˳ƶЦ̫ˣҵܳΨʹл˺񰮣
Ȼ汧̳ӣཹུڴںȾƣգۼһ̳ƾͺ˶ӣȻؿʼбб
ݣ
һ˴ŭһڹƭƺȣģ¾
˵գҲһ̳Ӿƣͷ͹ࡣ
ཹཡ
ǰ˵ĶÿһҶЦȾƵǸˣȻһݣҶЦں½ϲ£ɱƽ죡
ƽߣһӣڴˣֻ¾ͻ֮һд磬ǳֶζɵõģҶЦϯĸһɱ
˿̣ЦţһݹյÿЦӢ۵ϷɣҲһ̳
˵Ҳһ̳ƣཹེȥЦе˺Ⱦƣ˭Ҳ˹߷ˮǾһ
ã
ҹЦ׷Ч£̳
ҶЦ¾ҲεĶݣĪ˵һֱ̳̳Ӻſ£ЩҲżˣһƣһѣһжԵú˳£ȫ쳣
ҶЦ뿪֮ﺺԾɼغȣ˶ֵر˷ܡ
ǸˣͰס
濡Ҫиá
ɣѲ۾˾˲ӣиãҲ棻㻹Ҫ˵ĴӣϽС۰ɣкʵʵ뷨ɡ
㣬ôô˵Ҫս
ս;սѵӻѾģ㣡
Ӻ㣡
úúã˭˭

ƺȶˣҪôǱȥéޣҪôԼȥé޵ģòƻжŤŤվģ룬һӣסһ˾ʣéҡզҲأ
סǸ˵Ȼƽ죬ƿڴݣ쵰ʲôǺȾƵĵطéޡ
ҡͷԣҲéˣζ
ƽŭѾԼȥζǹô
ζ
ԱߣʮЦֲ֧ƨĴȵĹЦ
ҲҪȥŵζˡҡҡλվӾߡ
һȥһȥƽҲббȥ
ءݣһƿڴǳԷĵطǱߡǱߡ
ббһȥǸǸȫһò·ӣͷʵȴһƬů
ֵܣ¾һ
һˣں½飬ͬȻһΣ
ٶˣ
һΣŹү·ơǬ
ˣ
˭Ҳû˵Ļһ·ҡҡλεȥéޣˤ˼ӣνǱƨɿЦ֮ڵ֮Ц֮
Լˡ
ת˹սǣʧľС
ֳأԷ׷׽ȣ˭
˭˭

Ӻ㣡
Ӻ㣡

ҶЦ˽֮С
ΪҶЦ̫ѨַҶЦǰţͷֱӿڱʵظУ۾ֱ̹ߺߡ
Ӧ߽ô̼һĻɵ۾˸ۣûĵҶүԼˡ
Ӧֹܵͣ˶ҶЦ۾࡭⼸춯Խ̫ѨеۣöԼˣǡ
ҧ촽ҶЦȫȻûа㿹ܵ뷨һζ˳ӵļĦ
Ӧǳ鴤һ£ԭԼˣǽˡעЩ
ҶЦ۾ˬ֮⣺עʲôںʱǳźңǳ̬òá
ӦʱһԭԼˣ˽ܶӣôԭҲأ
ʱ˷ۣһ١
ƽ˴˼Ȼݾ룬һ۾Ϳ˷ڵˣɵþϲ˵ѽҲڴ˵ءǻǵôãԭҵˣϲӣϲ
ҶЦһЦˣʱ䣬оΣ
Լ˾ñط꣬Ȼ޾꣬˺ðľɣȻſʼ˵¡
ˣô
ҶЦʵ
۽Խ֪Լ֪Խǳ˹ӵĸ˷ƣȻ֮󣬲ظܵԼں½ʱ򣬵ֻ졭һ̾
֪ߵǿ֮󣬲֪жߣж񡣡
˶ͬеĵͷ
ǵģں½ʱΪµһĿӣ֪֮ԼΪǶôЦµ顭
֪ˣ죬ߣ磬
֮·߲ǰ·Ҳûоͷǰ;
ֻҪʱں½ӡƽ˭Ҳ˭î˾ҪµһɱֵλáЦһһģҾЦĺܺ벻ô
ƽͨ죬ŭĿĳˡ
˰⣬ȻȥҪһץסִһݵ˵
ɱ֮ɱЦҲǿԿô
ôʵ
׻˵úã˲˲Ҷ̣һȴר˵ñȵ¼Ǹô
ƽ죬ôˣҶЦеʵ
͹ӹػ֮żǣѾܹʵԻˡƽм˵ܹд˽չȴҪ鹦ڹں½֮ʱȹ֮ЧãŹֻҪǳȥΣɹ޶»ˡ
ҶЦЦЦ̫äĿֹۣǸҵԵʻ֮ʱɱһаɫ֮󣬴ȡ깦ֻϧǼһӵеĹͲȫǹЧƱظѣֽ׶Ϊǳб׶ˣҲء
һ£κƽٹȥ֮Ǵһһ£ܴܲӱȫǸһָоǲܹԲȫЧδؾͱǵ·ɹ޶·ӣҲ;ƫš
ƽ쾫һ񣺡лӹա
ˡϸ˵˵سɰأҶЦʵ
˽𻰣ȴҶЦӦһ¡
̲סˢһӶվ
ʵں֮ǰ˵˹ӵϢĵһ仰ʱҶЦһ
ʱǣԼʵʵ̫ãǸڹߣΪֻΪӵ׸ʲôҲ𲻵ʲôæҲﲻϡԴҸɴཫӵϢһߣ߾ܵøֶΣޣս߼ʵķʽĥԼ
ʵǰӵĴ˻ദʵδ׳֮ǰԾѡΪδϻعߣ
عӵϢԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽء
ʱҾ롭ԹӵԸΪˣֻһ죬ֶβжаĶԵĺ֯չͻһսƱ⡣ԴһǰҿʼĴ֯ĵϸ
ǵڵɱģڰ֮ǰΪһλԵɺϡԸص֯Ϊ˸֯һССɱ֡¶һ˿Ц⣺䣬Ǻʺϱеģ
㡭˵а֯Ϊµһɱ֣ҶЦ˼ĶˣҲһӵԲ۾۾ţ˼飡


670 ǿ
ǡȻҲص֯ԷȻĳЩֶΣҹ¼ҹϸһҲûκˣűٲᱻκ¶ҡνƣҲû̫ϡ
֮󣬲֪ǿ˵ķȻͼλСɫܹܲġ
ԭǲһطһΰһ̳ڲΰݼ̳ĹУڼʽ֮Ǹ̳ɢĺڹ⡭
Ƭڹ֮вβΰݼ֮˵꣬ᱻһ˿
ҶЦһ۾ע䡣
벻Լһ˾Ȼô顣
ȻֻǱһ˿꣬ߵǵ꣬ȴἴʱΪ걾һ֮ģΪ̳ɣ˽ݣ˵ĥܡ
ֻù¼ҹˣֻһܿ࣬Ǹм˵ĻôصмҲᱻȫƣ˵ҲϵһԼһѣȫһܡ
ҶЦͷѶ޷ȡЧĸԭڰɡҾ˵ȻѪӲӲ٣ܲÿһӲ
ЦЦڽȡʽ֮󣬻֪һ㡭ǾڳȡĹУʽΰһЩĶЩƽЧĽʹй٣ڱѶ˵ʱʹʮ
ԭԭ򣡡
ҶЦ̾һ
˫رգʹܹ˼£
֯ıԶǡĻǣͬ˼
ҶЦͷȴ룬Ψź֮ԻôˣΪҪѶļǰ׹ӡƶ֮֮㡣
Ҫһȫװ취޶ȵı׹ҵԼһ˵ȡ
԰׹ӵʵֶΣһ֣ڵϦ֮ܽǽ֯ȫݻ٣
Ҫ׹Լֻ֣ƶ֮֮㣬Ҳ㹻Щٲˡ
ԣŸܹѶļ˷š
ȻˣѶֶζԼЩˣ޲ߣڰ׹ˣȴδؾ͵ЧͺԼں½ʱ򣬿λڴ۷壬ͱСϺ׵ĵһ㣬һԣ۽Խ֪Լ֪Խǳ
Щ֯ԵΪҲǽܹޣİѣ
Ҳ͹ֲãԼϳֶΣ̫̫ೣ˾޷͵ĥЩȴʼܹһԲڸҲ¶
ҶЦһˣͻȻ뵽һҪ£ɫ΢΢һ䣬ѿʵ֪꾡ôȥҲƵġô㣿
ҶЦ䣬ɫ粻
˼ҶЦȴǵ䵱֯ǵ佫֯й¶񲻾͵֮ͬģ죬ΪأΪƷɣ
ҶЦо֯µؼ̳ԴܿܲԭвԸλ棬û׼Ǹ쳾ͬһλ棬ܷɣԼҲܻ⣡
䵭ȻЦЦں½֪֮֮꣬ĳǱݳģ̤֯ʱôˣֻҪЩ飬ֵõġ
ù֯Ȼмֿ˵ֶΣ֮ԻҪȥǡĳ㣬ôȥֱһ죬ܹڹؼʱ̸ͨһϢùڱҲ͹ˣʿΪֹ֪˵˵ˡ
ҶЦӦ˵ʱһ
ٿвͬ˭Ҳû뵽ȻǴ˼Ȼܹز
ԼҲҪҶЦҪϢ̽
ҶЦһƬ̣㲻Ӧˡ
г̾һ
ҶЦγ֪֮ں½ʱԼΣƽǷ飬һȴΨǷԼټ飬ʱ˵£ΨзԱ
Ļ
ʱգΪӡ֤仰
ЦЦòӣضСŮ̬ڴ¹ӵ治ν黳˵ˣĳԴ֮ԱǣΡ귴ɵı׶ˣƽѾΪҽˣ侹һˣҲ˿԰ѵ޽ⷴɣҲκβң
һ̬ůЦЦĿ⿴ƽ졣
ƽҲЦˡ
󳬼ɱ֣겻¶ȵףȻͬʱⶳһɱ˴ˡɶĸоǻ̫ܺÿ뿴
˵ҽ֮󲻾ãͷƽһȻҲڣһһ㣬İһĿֱĳһ죬һȥִɱ˵ʱƽŽңԤʱ˽ᡭ
һԼʱƽ͸ἰ귴ɵ飬žһƱƵ꣬һǱȻҵһ˿꣬ΪΪƣʵ뱾壬Ѿûаϵ֮ǲطҲȫһȱ
¶һ˿εʹ̴˵ֻʱ걻ζȴʵǡ̫
ϣȻҲ¶һ˿ԵĿ־֮ɫ
ҡҡͷЦֻζ治ףѡմһҲҪٳڶˡ
龹תۣȻˡҶЦģƽЦƽԭϱô
ƽЦЦ
Ϥƽڴˣ϶ϲǰһºЦˣɱƽ죡
ҶЦأûأ
ƽֺ֣һӰʵĸڿУȻһЦӣˡ
ҶЦһЦΪǱǰ̫ˣȫȻ¶ۼҶˣ˵ãеСٽһ
˵գȻһֻСƿƿ֮УȴһɫŨһĶ
Ŀע۾ʱһģεĿ֮顣
ѵ
ƽͬƿе𾪣Ȼһʧ֮࣬һ˲˲ضСƿҲ޷ƿ
ҶЦƽ˵ֿٶȾ׵ķһ壬ֻأսϵͣѾɵĻתһʱ߳òԱ𶼴ڲԣлҪǴ׷ı׶ˣ͵ǰԣȡ֮ߡ
ڶţԾֺҩֻҪɣΪ壬ֻҪ޳гɣɹ޽ޣ֮ϵƽ쳤ء
˼ƽʶɱȣۼҶЦƿе£ޱԼ֮ǰδʶıΪ
ɲЧҪࡣڵ˵ȴ治ƣһ
ҶЦ΢Цһ£ҪĲϷĪԵɣвã̫ؼԪЧΣ
˵ţǷ̫ؼԪ˹ȥ
ƽ˫ֲĽӹȥƿڣһɫʹð˳
ͬļĪ̴΢ţɫ˿˿ԴԴУƬ֮䣬õ徹ʵࡣ
ϣҲһ˿ĺ
Զ׼ⶫôʵױȵľ޴
лӳȫƽ쿴ܹһʵɵϲ
лңƽ죬Ժȥ쳾죬Ƿž۵ӣˣ
ҶЦ֣˵ԣһҪԼ
ƽͷǣһᱣصģʵ˵һżȻ֣ӵа벿꣬ǲ֮ܣҾҲǲȥȲ֡
ҶЦȻĵͷ
֯ôã֪һЩ粻֪ϢɣӦʵ
ǡĿǰܵϢ֯˵ȻֻǴ·Ϣ򽭺˵ԾɿǼмֵ鱨
ȵһ㣬ǵǰͬһ㣬Ե׵ĿԶֹˣֻһ֮еһСֶӣһ˹öʮˣڳ֮ǰӳΪ˼飬˵ǧҪĴӱȥ
仰˵ǵȫˣжٸСӣжˣö֪ӣҲȫˡ
ɫ¶һ˿ɫҺƽ˵ĴһӣҲСϵıƣһٶʮ˴סӵĻô޶ȣҲҪȥ˰ϡ
֮󣬿ߺƴģҶԭĲ²⣬һ룬ҪٷһΪһǧ˵ĹģӴĽۻ˵Ӱ΢΢˷ˡмڴˣԤԵ׵ĺˣֻ²ڡǧ֮


671 
˵ⷬʱأء
Ȼ֪Լ˵ⷬ𶯣Ӧ˵жжء
ÿһ֣þع˺ü˵
ҶЦͬصصͷӦһɫ
֮˭ҽӴұ¶ǵ˫ؼݣԹӵǰ״˽һ˽⣬δظҸ˵ƽ˿ЦһϾܹȫŵˣֻһ
עҶЦ
ҶЦȻһɸж
һֱڵҶЦʵ
ǰʼʱûҴΪʱ֮⣻ǶڹӵʵʵҲ˽⣬Ǳ¶ˣҲʲô£Ӱȫ̴ƣ
ƽ΢Ц죬ҲϣǶڹӵ״˸һ˽⣬ʱϲ磬Ҳṩᡣ
ҶЦվⲽãأղ
ЦЦ֮ǰʵǷѣӵ֮Ϳʼ׷ɱ޻Ե֯ǰİ£õһأһֱ⼸Ÿոճ˵ϢȻͿӱ޸Ϲˣû뵽һҲǣһζհǰ˺ǿ֯ǿҸʵŹӵʵȻν룬磬׳£
ҶЦЦЦǧ򲻿äĿֹۣ֯ۺʵĺǿᣬǵĹ˼ɾ޵ķʸ˵ҲԣǷȱ˽˵ϸһǴ鱨̫ʱˣں½һЦ£ٶȲս
˵оޱȳȵĹʡ
׷ҶЦһֱδģĲơ
ÿÿҹλأεһĿӡ
ҶЦݾ˹Ȼ֪úȴ֪ҶЦЦҶЦϵеҲֻԼ֪ҶЦһЩ¶ѣǰҶЦʵݱֻڻ¶֪
ڣҶЦҡһ䣬ΪЦ½һˣ޴ת䣬ȴҲûжһ䡣
УҶЦҶЦ
ҶЦЦҲգЦҲգ˵ûзֱ
ΨһҪľֻСȻ
ֻҪǰᣬѾ㹻ˣ
ȫ㹻
⻹һϢ
ƽ˵ΪǳΨй¶мóȻȴҹĲ鿴ڶβ֮̽󣬷һõС˵
֯ĸݵأԼĿɽһλãԾɲ֪
ƽ仰ҶЦУէȻˡ
ĿɽȻ㵱ܹȷҶЦơ
ӦŮ㶼һ𣬲һҪгڡ
Ӧɫ˲ˡ
ȻͻϢλǿߣޱ⣬Ǿȡ
ǵģȺ͵͵ز鿴˺üΣڲȫȷϣλáȫܹȷϡ
ϸϸ˵ʵǸطԣνܵ˼ÿʱỵ̈ǿǿƲ̽Ī˵ƽΪΪҲǲ鱨ĴڣֻҪһСģҲѱᱻǷ֡һ֣Ψлҷٲһ;ˡ
ҶЦ˿̵ɫԱǰδеĳ
һ૵ģһ˵Ŀɽǿ֮Ӫڵذ
ͷҲһֵ˵֮ڣ
ӦͫһԪ
ҶЦҡͷص֮ǰֹܶ֯ܵڵأȴʼûн۵ʵ̫̫֯ϵһǵºڣһҶĿأֻ˵ǵıģͲϣ֯ϵһԭѾӴþ˵֯ʵǣѹ
ǵģҶЦ̨֮ʱɶõʥȻӵһ죬ֱԪ۷εЧȴħж֮ùߣձȻħ
䷨ֱ۵ӡ֤
ħգҶЦڵΧɱ˪õ֯ԱԼһĨֻ޴ϼȻǿб𣬵죡
ҶЦ֮ǰ̨ȡʥˣ˵ȡʥǸˣĴʼˡԪ
ʼԪǷ˼䣬ϱȻֲħΪħﶼǱȻ֮£˵֯ǧ˿ƵĹΪ棬Ӧ飡
һ㣬գ̨֯ɱ¾һ֮󣬸Ÿ߲ۼ̨Ϊڳˣ֯٣Ȼһʧ٣
º󣬸Ŷڱ˵ʧ٣ԾĪ֮µʵ̾ǿ˹Ȼܹ˿ֲʵһ£ûг©֮㣬񲻿ɾɲ
ۺϵǰ֪Ϣ֣Ҫһ£ȴδǶѵ飬ƣֻ벻飬ȴδ飡
һζ¼ֲħĪعͷһ򵥵ķҲ˼ƶϣ࣬򵥴ֱ
ҶЦû뵽ƽģȻôһըԵϢ
ϢƵĽۣҶЦӦĶҲΪ֮𶯵ͷƤ飡
˳ĬãǲԼͬؾʱ¡
Ȼǰˣǰȴǽĺʱ
һļϸʲô취ԽǾôҶЦǵƫת˻ԡ
ƽȻûǱϸġ
Ȳڣ֮ܡ
Եԥһ£Եǿԣ֮ǰƽ컹뱻Ƶ֮࣬Ҷ൱ֻ֪ڵԾ޵úܣǿоǣȻԶȰΪףҲΪΪҲֻܾһٶˣͻľ
Ļ˵úίȴֱס
ƽɫȴ˲ʱˡ
Ȼ޳гɣάϵ״̬Ϊǳǵû޶ȣľǿɾͻľĵһʱȫ䣬ɱ
ҶЦͷһﲻõģ²һʱҵ֮ڼ׼һЩר֮״̬ԼָҩΪϸ֮Ӱ쵽ﱾĩá
ĵͷƽϣһˡ

ƽѾȥˣǵӦòʲô⡣
ɫЩأô
ҶЦüͷˡ
Ӧ飬Ǵ˼һ˺жϡҪȷʵԣҪһ̶ȵƾʵݣֻƾЩ΢ĹҲŵĿԣϿɣҲϿɡ
ü΢Ͼǣʵ̫ˡǴĸйأôߣҪһ˳ɥʧġǸ޹أôǳµĵˣ̫ˣȴҲʵ̫ˡ
һˮȥ֮衣
Ӧһ
ҶЦΣųǻۻſжϳ²м٣ô˵಻һ㣬ĴңʱѾȵľ棬ʧأԲҷѡ
ϧʵʵʵʵʼҪԣ
Ҫƾʵݣʵܼ򵥣Ӧ˵ֱ̫ӣ̫Բˡ
ϣһЩطһЩϢֵܷģǡΪѷ˷ڣȴǿԷֵġ
ǡɾڡҶЦӦһȻоˣˣȷˣ·صĿɽôʮɰգӹɣ޿ɣ
Ŀɽȷϣһʱϵ˳£˿˿ۣˣֻ̨֪ʥȻӵܹһЧȴǸ߲ħвһ£ڻǿʵͬʱȴҲħֲ
ҸǵʥǾ֮Ĳܹ׶ˣ֮ǰȷϻʥУ䷨ǰ䷨һͷħһȷߣȴĴʼˣԪ䷨ȻܱΪħĴԪֺ⣿
֮ǰҺͱԸһĨ죬ֻħ֣ħ磬ħ֮񾫴ֻʤ䷨֮ϵ㲻ΪͳһսߣҲź˿
Ҫǵģ
һƽ֮УڰһʲôĽɫҶЦϣ¶һ˿ݡ
ӦȻĿɽľ֯ӪڵĻôίʵѲ˹ϵ
һĬĬͷͷһ⡣
޳бҶЦ֯ĴӪǷÿڣ֮ǰ˺˯ɣܲģ
ʱһߵһκƽ𣬼гˡΨûа
ҶЦɫ͵
һʱ䣬˶û˵
Ϊֹû˹


672 
⿴һ仰ȴͬһǾװէȻ
ǵģ֯ˣΪʲôûˣ
ߣߺ͹ѣмҵΪ飬ǡ
ǵҲеίʵϵ̫Ծѹ°ɡҶЦһɷڣȽЩԵסȫҳɱ
üһ᲻̫󣬶䱾̫ĸ
˵ں½һ⣬Ҳ׽֮ˣһȻҶЦڶξ˵һĻֻˣʱƽ¸̾ѣ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ƽһżȴҲۡ
ܹȹ̣вĹͣ񹦵ҶЦ֮ϲ¥Ȼ֮һ޵ĪƷ˵ڵʱ֪ȻģȴҲƽϣȻȥ֮ȻûбգҲƽ˷ѣ֮
˼ἰ£ȴԼһ۵Ĵ㣬Լ֮㲻ȫֲģҲɴĻ⣬ߣߣ޶ȵĻ֮ܣ
ҶЦһЦƶ˵ĺˣڴа취ӦԡҶЦİ취ȴܻԪǿֲ֮꣬ȻҲԲ꣬һ֮ǰֻ̫̫֮Ҫĵҩ֮״ԵҩֻĳһֱģϹ׳ѡ
ǰһҶЦиоЩˬģǡӥԴϴδʱ򣬱˵ԼҪȥȡʲôȡȻûģӥһȥһûκϢˡ
ӥȥȥأ
нӥڴˣ˷ħ֮սƱܹһЩʤ
ӥǱߵǳʲô״񣿣
ӥʵʵͬСɣǷΣҲҪ䷨Ǹʹܻ޵УٶȴԵ˿ɼٶȻһĵĲˡ
ҲҶЦЩķҡ
СڣҶЦͽ֮Źɽˡ
ռ䣬ԽԼһڿռ˯̬Ȼ
ɻˣҶЦסĶ䣬֮
ҶЦ˵Ȼ֪λˣȻڴԼ֮⣬ֺҪ˶
˿̣ҶЦȻҪװ˯װװֲ
˵ɶҲ۾ˣ
һۣòռôһ֮Ҫûˡ
ҶЦ˼ϸո˸飬κζѴ⣬ǲۣҲȫûӦǾסβȻҲ֫ɿģ޷Ӧ
ҶЦβ֪᲻֮װ࣬ɵֺֺЦ
˭Ҳ޷һװ˯ˣبŲ
ҶЦս֮
һУҶЦĵһм򵥴ֱĳϴһMia
Ķʱһ£ϴ㲻оͱҽУһɤӣʵ̫ˡ
ֱͺͬҹ߹᳡Ҳơ
ĳĶеģȻһ£ǲѡ
ǲۣôأ
ô״ƵΣ
ҶЦǺεˣʹ˷һתлò߶۲Ƭ̣ȫ׵ءסһƺǷʲô˾Ĵ顣
кһô̬װǻƣΡȻͲܶҡ־
ֻĳֲöʱСô㣬ԭһֻĸèɴ۾Ҳûҵ࡭
νࡱ˲ʱˣ
һӴҶЦѣַŭ״չצһɸߣMia˸䡭
ĸèȫҶĸè
ŭĲȣһֻצӼָԼĳ£šŲӳҶЦŭĽл
ô㿴ȻȻҿ
ҶЦҲķӦһ
ȻҲ뵽ĳⷽĴ̼ӦȴҲ벻һﾹȻô
⼤üֱ𾪰
ѾļëߣҶЦбƲ죺һֻСè䡭⿴ôظʲôôôô
б۾ĳҲͻ״Сļʲм˵ҵ۾Լ˵ɣõôܿõôܿô
ĳ䳰ȷӼŭϴëըϵУ񣺡Ҳ˵èˣʲôè㶮èľĳߴè棬ŵģǿģ޿ģ˶ëߣ
ҶЦһȫ޷ȵԼӣĳָָ漴ˢһϿӣԳҫֵĿʵûûʲôдŽдģ
ŭë죬ֱ޲һצӹȥ࣬ͬħѾӽôĸұȣզôĸȣզȥأ㡭޳ܣ޳¼
ֱŭöˣ
ðɣè˰ɣ׳͵èҶЦһɿĿ˵˵仰̲סЩĨɱģĸо
״СģȻҲ׳ݡ
ɥأ˼ʵؾ٣ڲپ飬Ϊ˴ﵽĿģȻĨɱģſڴƻƣƭƭԼ̮ʲôʲôˡ
ĳĸĿڣȴŭδأԺŴ
Ȼô׳ô϶ĸŪöҩɡҶЦüëܹ֣֮ΪѰɣ£
ɲǼˣٶ۾һҪװ
ôģһװ˯¶ء
Ըװ˯ˣֻҪܹҵԷѨڣνҲǿƵģ
ҶЦֳͬŭ״ҿѾľȻٸװ
һŶĺȣɷвŲţҽŮè
ĳоҶЦĿ⣬Լȼתתȥʱ˸¡
ë׵Ĵβ͡һӸס֮䣬ŭһ
вһֻè˼ô
Թʵ
вģèҶЦһвģǸųܵĻһ飡ǲô˵ģ
仰򣬻ƨ
ʱɫһϰԵӣ¶һ̬״̬
ǵ״̬ûаҲûвһֻлЦ
ǧңûһ飬ȻŵҩҲò
ҶЦٺһЦĻǧٸʲôһ飿ʲôˣʵʵ
Ҫ쭣ҶЦæָĿڣԣҾ¶˵ܼ
ĵõ㣬ٶӣĵ˵ҲίʵǲѵģǶֵ¡
ôöҩѣڻһ˵СһҶЦèƨ
ǣҲǼöҩ˵ߣҲǱĸƨĹ򡭡ɫԽԽ̹۾ߺš

֮ҶЦ߳˿ռ䡣
۾ſڵϣβҡҡȥ룺ǣȻܿóҵܣҵΰ١öҩѣ˵ġ
뵽ͻȻֵĴһ
Mia
һԾ𣬷ŭĴض㣺ҵ֮ҵ֮ҵ֮Ȼƭ˰ɣɰMiaô͸ʮŵҩأҪˡ
Ƿˡô˳ȥ
ǿɵ֮Ҳˡ
ض㣬һʹĿ
ղűҶЦƨĵԺľȻͽȥʮ굤Ƶ
һֱҶЦ˺ܾãƨУֱڲŷӦ
ҶЦһ·ֿ֮󻧣Ƕƣ߲ܣСҲȷʵװûбʱΨǰεɽȡƣǰδе˶һΡ
ǴȡĻƵĿʵ̫Ӵˣ޾ռ䶼ˣ˵õԪúܣǻܵ꼯壬ǶһĴڣ޷κΣ͵ǰԣǻдȴҪĥתתΪԼõĲ֣ҶЦȻֻȡ˶ԼİɣѾ֮ɹۣһĵ꣬൱λܵȫ꣬ҩƨã˵ĥҪĹ򣬾ȫȫһˣԶʹļҲ֮ˣ
غ״ĶԹɥͬ˻ͷһһҲ붯ˡ
һࡣ
ʮ۽߱۾Ĺ죬㿴ңҿ㣬ƺһʲô
˻˻ԭϴôϲƨһèƨ̼ʱġ
˻˻ǰ벻
˻˻ô˼䣬βͶˡ
˻˻ſڴһⶼûУǶϴȻܵĿ
˻˻ǰǰ
˻˻˼任ô鵤̫ˡ
˻˻ǰǰ۲ô鵤һţ°ţһһҲð
˻˻ҪҪҲȥƨ˵Ҳкô
˻˻ǰǰ
ʮ۽Ŀͬʱͬһ㡣
ƺǷ´½ƺʮ⵰ͻȻҵ˷¸Ͻݾ


673 
ҶЦһɳ˿ռ䣬Լе˳Ҳĸ⡣
֮ǰÿθҪĵҩǿɶҪѾ֮ࣻ鶯֮Ю֮֮󣬶Ĳ鲻ԸͳһţĶ͡
ĽҶЦÿһζҪһһ١
ȴû뵽ǣβֻǲ˼èƨȻһȫ׵ˡ
ԹԵóװҲҪܹĵҩңԼϵعάƨ֮£Ȼһóʮţ
ڳĵĶ˵ֱǿǰĳˡ
ȷʵǿǰģ
ҶЦоԼĴҲһóô˰ɣ
òѾǵĴ󷽡
ǻͷˣ
˵еǻ裿
ţӦǴǻ裡
ǵģֱӾǱԼƨػͷˡ
һˣҶЦʱüɫ衢ϲüҡ
ҵһԸķӡ
ԺԶγԣ
ԺбҪһܣֻҪˣԸһ飬ֹ󳹵̮۳ױٵЦյ˳ȥ

ƽ
ҶЦ״΢Цһ£г˵ȽΪһ£ĿǰΪռ䣬ڶֻ֮ķ鵤־ȥˡ
˵ţҶЦóһƿаһźɫ״ҩ
һǽһ
۾¶𾪵ɫ
⡭ǰԼõ̫ؼԪֲͬնǾֱ̫̫࣬ӾûκεĿɱԣ
⡭鵤֮ǰ̫ؼԪҪǿٱϣý仰ѿڶ
ҶЦǺһЦ
ĵǱȻġ
ǰó̫ؼԪҶЦ֮ʱת̻֮ԪһޣȻӵ쳣ǿЧܣҶЦһδӶõĵҩȴǶռ꾫ľƷ񵤡
Դǻƣֻ˵ĳ꾫ڻ޶ԣ鵤֮ȷʵûκοɱԣ
ٱ
ʵֺֹֹٱ
Եʱ죡
εĵҩ״ĵƶɣ״̬Ȼת޶֮ͬЧҲǷǷƲ⣬ֻҪŵҩܹǴﵽȫ⣬꣬˼߳ʵͳΪһĳ̶ȡ
ҶЦµڶɾ飻µ֮󣬵ķֻ껯⣡
ҶЦһҪģһ˳Ļȥܴ֮ͿԺƽףһˡ
Ȼһ죬ƽϲüңϲ裡
ף
˶ȴʵֵΡ
һֱûʵڵ壬״̬˵һĥʹࡣ
״ܹʵô
ܹһ𣿣
¾ļϲɫ֡
öҩ֮󣬻޹嵱ɴɡֻȱʱõ̹·͡
ҶЦ΢ЦȴҪȵ˺쳾ʵֵģ򣬶϶ûȡҩĿܡ
ö鵤ףʱ֮󡭡ҶЦһ˵Ҫ̣ŮҲǲܵ顣֮Ļ壬ֻҪʥ鵤Ϳ컯֮
ǵȵһһգƽ۾ڷ⣬üֱ޷ѡ

ΪһŮңΪԼİ֮ŮӦ쾭ķ¡
ǣԼȴѾǹ֮ΪҲûϣԺΣҲġ
һֱĽᡣ
Ȼƽ˵Լںܹ˳أѾĪԵʵ࣬ǣԼȴܲںʱϵȰ˵ƽȢơ
ͻȻȫȫ֮Ϣ˷ܵü˹ȥ
ӯӯݵҶЦǰлӣлϣӴ£ǷޡΪ
ʣȻ˵ȥ
ҶЦɫ㣬˵һֱۣͬѣฺͬ
һ٣ȴ֣صصǰˣԺҲˣƽԼˣֵܼˣΪԼˣΪֵܼ˾һȻ̸ơ
ƽĺӣ˼ʾҲǽסۿһ죬Ũصıصģ˵ǣ˵öԣԼˣѣฺͬǰˣԺҲȻˣ
鼤⼸仰˵ԼѪڣϸоЩ죬
һߵзͬܵĳȹʡ
ƽˣңҲˣ
һŹӴ£
ѣฺͬǰˣԺҲˣ
ڣ
޻ڣ
ͬʱԸġ
ڽȥ⼸ҪҵΪһʵǵľȻԶѰߣȴҪһ£ǵľѸΪϣǺ½ɱߵķɡҶЦɫЩ֡
֮ǰһֱҲ˵ĳѨӲ֪˵ĵϸ̣ҶЦϳȣ⽹ꣻڣѾһжͬˡ
Ŀɽս񽫾ݱϾʧص״̬ȥʼһĽ֪״ӣܱµͷŷҪǿ̫ˣ
˷ս֮ǿ¾Ҫ뿪磬ȥλ쳾ǱȥˡҶЦһúõĥԼľһҪϡսĥ·Ҳģνľָʵս飬Ķ֪ණʵٳɣǻȴҪۻһտɳɡ
磬һзٳɣһ죬ǵ˺쳾ǱߣһеһоֻܿԼˣ浽ǱߣֻҶֻһֻСϺ׶ѡ
ƽͬʱӦ
ĿԳȣ㽡
쳾죬Ŀȥ
ҶЦžóֻع˳ȥ
ľίʵԶʤѰߣ컯ֻعЧܣȻԾɢݳȴԶΪ٣ëϲȻҲ˲ۣԴӿռˣ˽ͻ֮ԱҶЦó鵤
ҶЦǣ˴λɾƷ񵤣ԶԶͻԤڣ޾֮ͻͽͻƿҶЦ鵤֮䱾ʵֻԪˮ׼֮ϲĪȴ⡣
æɢԼͻλ׵Ĵ֮Ķæ͵н͵ʲôϡģʵľƷ񵤣Դɽ꾫ЩĴܣЩѾ۳ĵͽߣһҪ䷨Ǹǵ꾫ͬСɣ
ޣֻҪɵ㹻ԴȻһ·߸ͽبԽлĻԵѣǳȻõƷ̵Ϊ伤ꡢǡ˼ܻԪ֮࣬ЧҲûôˣʵֹֽڵԪƷ۷壬׿ܲĻʵսѰĵԪ۷ߣֵʲô
Ȼ۸ڶĿӵĶۣһԪ۷εĻޣҶЦû˵ģĵҵЩϸǣ
һʱ䣬һƬţ⾡ŨԪǱ˴˽ʢǰ
ӦԾĻλӳ֣Ȼκ˴ο滹һҶЦ
һƬ͵ķΧ֮УҶЦͻһ
Ҳ֮Ҫ뿪Ƭˣ
˵ʵҶЦûа㲻ᣬΨһеģֻʹԼŨŨ㯡
˿̵ҶЦĵײԽطһȲҪ΢оȹ˴δ֮ҶЦоԼĺ硣ӱߵϣġ޷һǿߣ
ҶЦ۾ϹžǵȻȻĵһ˿ڣȴڲظ˺ϣٴ˺ѣٴϵḶ́
ԼԾһգ
ԼĸҲҶ죬Ҷߡȴ˵һ
ҶЦһʹ࣬ȫĵʹǲ棬ֻǱء
ÿÿһ˶ʱʹͻ᲻Խķ
ĺ޾
ʹ࣬۶ǶԾӦû˵
ֻжƷһ˻ζᡣ
ʱ򾹻ʹĸܵδһݱҸ
ɬҸ
ϾҲӵйġ
ҶЦֿ죬ԳЦ
һǽ֮棬ӦϥſڣŮûж촽΢΢⶯ȴûκ
ô̸
ʱûзЩͬӦ
ֹЩͬˣ˺öࡣ
ǡӦ
ٴθ飬ҿԸо˳Ĭ࣬ĸţ֮ܲ֡ü֮䣬¶һ˿Եۡ


674 ϴԵ
ΪҶЦĿֲҪ飬ڵҶЦ۷ҶЦȴǲֵģȴǱԸ״ˣȻǱȴҲмƹϵ֣˿ȫ޶ժϣҶЦ֣
޿ɷϣĹȷʵȥҶЦͷ൱ĵ׸
ӦȻã̾˿
ܹĶοǣ뾡һа취㲻飬Ҳûиõİ취ԽֻܽһӦпһ̾Ϣ
Щ飬Ҿ´£һֱûʡӦ͵ϸϸ˵֪ʱһֱҶҹӵò֣ѽԼλҶ֮ˣҶ򸾵ĶӡͻȻһжıˣЦ֣ͬһ쫷磬뽭
һУ仯ȫףôͻȻ
ҲǸʱҲûļҡӦɡ
¶Ȼ֮ɫ
˵Źӣں½˰࡭ǸʱֻһʲôСѾͷڣһж֪ˣˣ˭ԣҲȫˡ
Ӵ䣬һҹһʼߣЩҪݱػ۷塣
ʱֵúĮᡣ
ܼξ΢֪˹ܼңʵҶĽֵܣֻΪػ½ļ壬Ϊ˸˹彥ϵĴۡ
ͣͣģˡ
ʼŬıҶҵ״ҲԼڽ֮ͥСٵܶ塢ܶǸʱҶΪԼӣһ·ǿгص˼
ҲʱҶ˵һ仰
һùӳϿλ׵ʸ񣡡
Ҷӣҵ˭ҪɱҶӣҾɱȫң
Ϊһ¶Ļûа㿹֮ӵģ˶
ʱңȫıӽǣԾܿóңԽԽأԽԽ룬ԽԽǽԼҶЦǸҹӣҶĶӣٲЦ
ЦӣǸʱλȡЦ
仯ʼʱ򣬻ΪԼÿһеϲãҶҵķչο衭̫̫顭
̾ϢǸʱѾԼԭЦݡ׾һ¶Ƕ޷ǶôĸĹذѾ̫á
ӦһᣬЩ۵Ҫˡ
Ϊ˲鷳һֱһֱΪоܹϼ壬ŷٸϻȥ
Ҫҵ˵ϻȥһ·һ·ͬУȻݡ
ȫܹоóʱеǷĻ˷ܣԼһ֣ƹƼĸоӵһļͥ
գȥˡ
ȥˣҶҲȫٺˣѡҶҿԵ̵ĺӣΪϴ裬͵͵ܱࣻߵһвΪҶҷչ׳ó⽻ƹ֮¹˪¶Լʵݣ˪ȫЭҶžۡ
þеֶΣԼܹŬ
ģֻҶҺãԼһļңȥʢȥ
˶ѡ
˵ͬ̾һȻЩ˵ȥ
ӦĽӵҶе飬ˣȴȻ֣һжԲʱԼԲЭǲַ֣֮֡Уû֮ءȻҲȥˡô
̾˿֪˵ʲôˡ
ʵӦ˵ǰ㡣
ҶЦ߾ܣЩʱ򣬸֪Ӳ뵽ԼһУյһȻǽԼ׵׵ıң
ûκΰ취ȥ
ԼϿ֮ΪĸĲĿ⣬ʹӣǷݸŭȴԵĳɣôԶԾӵҶЦλܰȻصҶҹӣ
ߣ
ʼĩȴܹ͵
ѵҪ˵ʵ⸱Ƕӵ壬ɱģҸʱӾѾ˺ˣûҵ⸱ûˡ
ֻǽ壬ңϿͥԸݣԸǵĶӣԣΪң֮࣬Ρ
ĻԼ˵óڣ
˵óڣǣһеԴͷȫѪܵ˺֮Ҷ¹ѩܹϣһƶ˵ǿߣ񻰣ȡԼĶӣΪԼĶӣ
ĴڣǷ޶ֻпڳǰǫ𾴵ķݣڣռԼ壬ȫԼӣ
֮ϦԵʱѵ᲻Ťô
ҶЦνͣҶĻ
ȫ
˼һ̥ʮ£Ķӣ˵ռݾռ壬˵ԭҶЦ֮Ѿˣȡš
ôʱ䣬㻹Ŀŵð𣡣
ˣ̹𣿣
Ӧ̾Ůã飬ʵѰúܡ
Ϊѣôôתȫ
ӦĬ˰ΣȻѾˣôΪŮӣҲֻԼķܿ
˵ǵˣΣ㣬ĺܺãٱҪã
һ죬ɬˡ
˵ﻰ£ûŽ⡭Ӧʹ˵£ҲֻŮ˵飬Ӷȹȥ
ֻȽһˣҵַ쳾ˣ뿪طӦܹܵʱ䣬ִ˵ҩ£еĿʹ
ڽʱ䣬Ҫ취Ӧһӣܲһ̡
ʲô취ܹ
̾˿ü˵ǵҪֻ»Ҫӽҿ˰̿ʼ
ӦĬȻˣǰϸΪȣȥЩɣսɱ¾йһ¸Ȼ١
̾˿ڴҲֻˡѾоѾĸоһҪĸо㶼֪Ƶʽ֮࣬ǰࡣ
룬˵һ㣬һⳡսһ̶ͣͻ뿪
һ㣬ҵĸод
ӦһҪ뿪ҲҪ뿪û⵵£ƮȻȥҲˣΪ£ǲԽܾôȻȥ
ԽԽã
ߵʱҪ֪ͬ죡
Ӧ˸⣻صĴ˿
ԭҪٶ˵ݻһᣬȴԼҲ޷˵ǱϾҶЦĸ˵ʲôǲʡ
ңΪһŮˣҲ¹ѩ顣
Ϊһĸף˭ܽԼĶ棬ű˵ꣿ
Լ⣬ȡ֮

ҶЦӶèƨʮŵҩЧԶԤڣֻǷţΪѾȥ˵ǰޣƽ춼Ц죻ʣµʮţҶЦһӣȫòˣ͵ԺֲֻʧҲǲѡ
ܣʾԼʵͻͽԽ֮ǰʮϣ֮ǰĴݹȣܹһ˱ѾǼޣΪķΧҲ󣬶ķˣһǧ˵֮󡭡
Ȼųֺõ״ҵǰ״ֻ̬ҪһҹɻָұĹԶмĲЧҪҲ£ƾ豾״ָ̬һҹҲͻָˣ
֮ҪЩϸȫҳһģļϸĸиʮҲץȫ
ЩƷڲ귽棬δСã䣬̫˷ˡ
ҶЦǽЩҩһȫЩȫԼţ֧䡭ʲôʱþֱˣ˼̫࣬νСãֻҪõˣǺáϾǲһʱҲкܶ࡭
мĪл

ΪĴϸĿȻҲ֮ǿǰǿ
һϢɱ¾ɴչ
ܹ֮ЧжĿ꣬ҶЦӦֶΣԸЩԵȻֵĿֱӱ㶨ˡ
ҹУһŻɽ֮ƮҶЦֻҪҲ֪
Щ֯Եףôһһر˳˵ľȷҶЦӦֻѶȷˣ͵ϵҪû˿Ŀܡ
ҶЦڶʾ£ⷢˣһɱЩ֮ɢɢܻĳһͻȻȱʧ
ȻߵĻŻɢ
һҹ֮䣬ĸǧ߰ٶˣϤɥҶЦ¡ӦһĳһԵͷ­ʱ򣬺Ȼ֣˵ͷǹǣȻȫֳīɫ
ƺʲôµ£ʴ˵Բǳһɭаĸо֮󣬼Ĵͷ­еĺɫ£ڳھӦҰеһ˲䣬˲ʱʧˡ
ţߵȫԽҲ֮ƾˡ


675 һ
ۿһĻҶЦҲһ
ڵʵˣа֯ĿֻѾǵˡǲĳصȡЩ˵ܹ֮һּΪаŵĹ˲䣬ߵ֣ᱻ롢תƵϣаķţֱǻ磡
ҶЦأиŭ⡣
ֻ֯ɱˣֶοˣҲˣϾеĶ֯ôģΪ졣
ڿһУȴѾȫȻܹ֪а
Խ˵޵ļ£
ȥһ飬ǰɱЩźҶЦ˵һ䡣
ɱ֮ҶЦȻҪ޷죬ѽЩʬȫ
Ȼ֮󷵻ȥ˼ĹҶЦ˶Ǵһ
Ϊʬ壬һ߾߾Ѿ˸ʬ
··ûаˮֵĴڡ
һ⣡
ı仯
ΪֹŲ̶̵Ĳһҹʱ䡣
ǰѰʮֻ¶ﲻĸ̶Ȱɣ
˼аŵħҲûʲôܹɶӵĽӦ࣬һּµķŭ
а飬򣬼ֱ̣
ңҶЦĿһ˿ᶨ
˿̵Уһ˵ķŭ
ҶЦ˼ʲ½İ׹ӣǷƮݣ׵ķˣһ̾Ϣ׹ӣ֪㵱һִķƸ¥ھȻ䵽Ȳĵز
֪ûɷѿĸ֣һĶħİף
Ƿ֪һִǿ֯Ű˼磿
֪Ҳ޷ܰɣ
ҶЦһ
ûлɹ׹ӡ
׹ȻһֱԼжԣһѵõصĶ֡Ի߲жȴԲôԡ
һǣ飬ɰ׹ԳĻô˿Լˣ¡Ѿɥˡ
ֻҪһʵָ֮ƶ֮񣬾¾
׾٣練ƣ
׹Ҫ£ʵòô¡
ϧΪ֪ҶЦ΢ЦţգңŻɡ
һҹɱ¾
Ȼ֮Ծ۵ǿòһžƷ񵤣ȥԪȥˡ
ҶЦһҹҲƣˡ
ݻܣƱز֪жֻҶЦӦ˳ʵʩ
Ŀǰ˵ֵŵݡ
ͺѩ˪ˣǰΧקĬĬעס·صİ
Ҹ˾ְ
ڶҹɱ¾С
һƬ֮УȻո

жˣ
죬ȻᣬԾŵҩȴҲΪƲƶԵʣֲĵǣʵоһľϲɡ
˺ѱɽȷԲǧؽ磬ȴҲûз֯Աĺۼ
ˣһεİҹɱ¾һ䡣
Ѿ۵ûصƽϢȥˡ
ҶЦſʼͳƾɱ˶ԷͷĿ֡
ϼƾǧŰپʮˡӦ⼸ɱɱһƬɷסȻΪǿʼջǸŮˡ
߽֮ʱԵʻɱɱҲͰˣô¾ȴоЩܲˡ
Ȼ֪ЩѾˣ˵ЩѾȫΪħʼԼֽô
Ҳ˵Ǽƽ˵Ļ˴εԵ׵ˣһˣҶЦһ¡
һԵף
ֱʣֻԵףɹһ
ҶЦȫûΰҹɱ¾һսʽʱЩԵܹɧңǶôĺƴ
ô཭ӻ֮˭ڼսʱ򣬻ҪԼߵսѣ
սѣǿԷĽиսô
浽ʱЩһѣعƣҲˣҪɥУ
ࡣ
ܵսߵȫ
ҶЦʣǵ״ԼͬûޣʱǿȻһҪأȴǾҪأǿᡢױȵʵˡʮ˵ս֮ϣСģ
ҶЦʶһ
Ȼͷһֵ顣
ҶЦУϽǿߵľӦɷף񽻴ƣɱɱˡɫ
ǡһֱûôȷѪ꣬ͬһ使۵СıȻ治ɫ
£ʵ̫ˡ
ҶЦһֱоӦȶŻ£ܲѪɱ¾˳ġǱۡ˫쳣ɾСѾͷʹΪҪòûɱ̫ˣɵͷԾ൱ɹֻۣû뵽ǣڿܲ˵ķǾӦ
ôˣɱɱˣеôҶЦʾӦ
Ӧͷɱ֣ɫһ󷢰ס
ҶЦЦЦ㻹ĳǿߣôȻ۵СѾͷɲҶҵĸķ緶
ӦʱɴҶЦЦſǳǳҪһȭЦ¶ͷȥ
۵СѾͷ
ҪСѾͷȵĻҲǸ۵СѾͷòã
㵱һŮħѾΪŮħ˺òã
ҶЦͷһͷ
Լʲô֪һ˵˵ǲ
ȿȿȡһߵ۵СѾͷۣɵһ죬ֵؿ˼
ֻҶЦԼˣôһ䣬ҲͰˣҲߵһ¡
ڣžӦλĸء
ʹƤٺҲоǳ˼ûУУ
Ӧ˹ĴЦ˵ĺܽôҿۣѽۣȻˡ
ŭҲǣҲǣǣһһת˳ȥ
۰ˡӦЦ
ƽˣոΪ˼ѲߣǵݣǱԵ׵ģȴҡһ䣬ɵǱȥԵס
ңħԵѾȫˡ
һ㣬֪
Ϊû
Ϊô죿ôࣿ
ɻҪ˵
ֻҪ߳ȥĳֵģ֣Ǹųȥմģˣ϶мܴ
˳ĳȥˡ
˽ֻع֮ΪһԪ۷֮ǵľʹԶȳΪߣԾ޷ȫϵǰΪΪ˽һľĥ似ΪãԼӰ֮£ȴɱֽ׵ĲţͽȻ͵͵ܳȥġ
˭Ҳû˵
Ͳ֪˵˼ʵߵģǴأ


һҹ˶ڵϢ֮˲Լͬ۾໥һۡҶЦоһƬƽӦ˸һ£ȴͨ졣
ҶЦƽͬһ̶°ͣԵѾɾľֻС
ӦǰһסĴ֣Ƕ׵ġЩ£оͺãҪ˵ʲôǶֵ֧ġ
ҶЦԲסˡ
Ӧ˵һæ͵Уһӡֻ˵һ˸˵Ļ´£Ծһ۰ɡ
ǰһһ𣬺α˵Щɱɱ飬˵ûȤ
ʵյ˵ڵʱӦ˵˵û
ȻôϿԼġ檡ݣȻݻû¶Ҫ׿˵仰˵û仰ȴҲġ
Ըɴûмƺ
˼ʵҶЦȴȫûЩϸ֦ĩڣէȻһˡ֣۹ʱĪ˸һ£㵽Ҫ˵ʲôô˵е㲻ϰߣ
ӦбϣôͲϰˣֻҪ˵ʲô¡ıʲôӣ㡭㣬㣬ǵˣҶЦ˶ѣ
ΪҶЦǵˣǻ㣬ӵ㣬ϲ㣬ԸΪһ飡
Ӧһֵ˵ԡʲô飬ʲô飬ǶԸֵ
ǲһˣ
Ӧ
ҶЦϼʶʹ鴤һ£ȻǶ֪ˣһҪ˵ʲô
ⲻĴνȵĥԼӦסͷϧ˵
ȷʵҵĴҶЦЦһоֻΪѡ
ǵģľֻѡ
һ࣬ҧҧʵҲǸ¶
ӦҶЦתͷ
Ȼ˶ͻһеȡ
ҶЦȵǣʲôʱԼǰô¸ˣ˵˵ôصĻ⡣Ӧȵǣһֱڣȴ֡ƺҪ˵ʲô


676 Ʋ
Ŀע֮£ҧҧ촽ǹ¶ףû˹ңҲûϧҡôײײĳһ·֪
ÿһΣĺ۵طڵﻳҪҪǸͿޡ֣شʲôġҾĽ
ʱҪȥǡΪǶѾеˣӵ˱飬ȻҪࣿеĹذ񲻾ѾҸ飿
ҪҪ֣Ҫ
ⲻ̫ô
վʲôûףҾֻһˣֻĽؿţЩκʹȰԼĺȥںúüЦԼҲ˵Ц˿ںԼĺɰֿ֮࣬ƻ߸һ֡
ףû˸ҡ
飬ԵУҵĽꡭں½ӣӵĸ׶ڹȫ޵ߵ簮ҴΪ۵顣
ֱڲ֪һҲһˣԭӵ
ʹ˵Ҷңүί˵ġֵöʧ˺ǺεȵĿ̹ġԾɺĽ
Ӵ˼Ȼҿ࣬Ŀ޴йȴʼõӵй
ֵöʧļҲûй
ҶЦһ˿ʣ˵±ȽϵģԼʱԼԼΪǲݺķ򣬸ô࣬ҪԭΣöʧһУȽϱԼǻҪ࣡
Լʼյõӵйܹζ˼֮ζ֮£ԼȴԹ԰̫ˣ
˵ӻ֪Ľģһ¡ǾǡһӴ˼ʵöʧˣþǣȴƺֹһ˵һ¡
Ǿǡӵĸ
ἰܸоõǻûĳ
Ȧ죬ǹǷ֪ݸоѾһʲôҸ𣿡
ˣоȻǲдģȴûָоҵĸĸҳʱ򣬾ѾԶûˡ
ȴָоиоζŻϣ
ֻҪϣϣĿܣ񲻱κ鶼Ҫ󣿣
ǡޣ㣬ܻиԺ޵ˡһҵҲܹģίһ䣺꣬Ϊʲôң
ңȴĻᶼûˡ
ҲҪҵҵĸĸһ䣺ǵ꣬Ϊʲôң
ҲƵĽϣ飬ʹͷʹһȻ˵пܣҲ֪꣬ǵʲôԣǲԸҪŮӣ˳ҲòȻֻֻ֮ܽҰʲôԭ֮Ҫһ𰸣ĸ𰸣ĸΣϣӵУ
һȴҲǲ֪ˡ
ӻϣܹ֪ϣȥһʣϣҵǣ֪ǵĿԣ˽ºǷкڡû׷Ѱӵ䡭
ĸŮǷżŮģġҸ
ȣڵ˺ɬ־ֻǹԾ̫ˡоƽ⣬˶ѣô
̧ͷҶЦʵҪ˵ԣ߲áľ档
ҶЦĿ૵áľ棿
ȻҶЦͻ۶ϣ˲⣬ʡ
ǵģľ档ͷʡҶϷڣǵĶӡôʱĸ֮ʱȴָԴأ
浽ǸʱƱؽһѡԴķΧ֮С
һߣȻ޷ᣬһߣͬǡ
ڣ㸳ҶĵѾҶ·ȫ̵ãֻҶϺһŬһĳȻ
ҶԸĳԹҲн
Ҷţ鵤֮ǵˣﵽԭһ޷ﵽѧ硣
ԾԲ޷ԵҶ򸾣ĶԲôΪԵʣҶΪָ״̬࣬ͬΪԵʣ¹˪ʹǷط꣬鵤ഺϣڲ֮ٶӵһӡ
еȱݣֲֲģȫ㲹ˡ
һУû㣬Ŭǧ꣬Ҳ޷
ļ¡
ԣҶңҶ򸾣
㵱ջԵɺϣռǺӵҲɵһ
Ȼ޻ڡ
ܹܵ˺ۣվȥ
ʵҷоڵ˺ۣǡҶЦΪδҸڵ㣬ӡ
ڵ˺ۣδҸڵҡҶЦ׽仰ķ˹⡣
˿̵ҶЦȫȻûע⵽ԼľӦ߸ߵһĴָ̫ˣ
ɬЦЦ
ܹ˵̫ⷬˣǽıĶѡһУҵʵ뷨
ҶЦ˰죬ԹȻҵĸΣڵӣղ࣬νѪףҸҵĸ֮䣬ﻹѪԵ
ôˣô֪ӦʲôӣӦ˵˵ˣʼܹ㸸ĸĴӦѪ֮ԵϵܻôãȻǵ֮Ȼа취ϵ㡢ϻ㡣
ҶЦ°ͣз⣬ֵֻǣȷҵĸں쳾죬򣿡
Ůʱһ
ȴû˵أһоδ֪η˵
תתӣһĿ϶˵Ƕλһں쳾ģһ㣬ӹɣ
ҶЦĹʣԼã
ΪΪƴת飬˼ţ˵ʣǣһ˵ио֪ûǴ˵Ϊ棬ǱѾǷǳֵȶõһ
ӹɣҵĸодҶЦ϶ĵͷ
Ϊ棬ǰЦ켣ǼȻô˶ûôȻӵиΪſ೤һ㣬ûɣоԼ˼·ԽԽˡ
һȻǲġҶЦϡ
С򣬱ڴ˵㣬ĸĸ׶ҲǵˣôôͬΪߵı˴ˣûҵǣҲ㡭ûҵ㣬Ҳͷǡ
ǵĲҪˣһӿѰģǼж赲ġһѰҹֻûнѡ
ԣһۣǾкܴʣ֮ˣ꽫ΪĳЩԵʣ鼱֮£͵δ֪λ棬ºҪѰ٣ȻȴѰ޴ӡ϶˵
ţһ㡭Ҳ˵ͨҶЦͷǣǿ
ҵ۳棬ôֻһۣǴڸߵλ档
쳾졣
˵ۣҲΪԼȲʡ
ĸѼϼܣվȻܹ֯˼άܵȵز۵˼
š˵ȷʵһҶЦ˼ţ˵ǵں쳾Ļôγأ
ҵʱôСԼİɣǵԼܹ䣬Ҳڽʲô˰ɣҵµʱ򣬴ҲӣѵҾǸʱλ𣿡
ȻΪǳȻ֪Խռļѣֻһ˴Խռ䣬ұԪ֮ˣںķѴԪ£ȻǿõģҪЯһˣһȫûʵˣԽռ䣬ҪĵܣҪʮļ㡣
˵ǽ໤ֱӽһˣ仹һȫΪ͵¼λ棬Ҫʲôʵӵ֪Ҳֻе¶٣ʷһλԺ쳾Ĵһܹѡ
λŮߵʵ˼֮Ⱦ˼飬λǰʹʵں쳾ֻ¶۷ĳܣҸĸдʵȴҪ½磬ɣδ̫һ㣡
ʱסΪ裬ԶҶЦ֮ϣ˼ȴԼУһԲ˵ľ޴ٹΣıǼⶼð㺹ˮ˵Ҫȼǲ֪ɣһнпܡ
ҶЦӦһЦ
ӦЦ޾˱֪ĸǾ۴ߣˣѾųˣȴҪƳӡǹ֡㲻Ϊ˼檵ݾô۸˼ң̮ڲپ飬ˡ
ϳ鴤һ£ҧ촽ݺݵضһ۾Ӧ
Ѿͷһ첻ִʮͻǲǡ


677 ҹս
ȻĳȫȻûĳӵĵ٩ϣԹ˰򱧲ƽȻδûе٩֮⣡
ҶЦ״Цһ£ɰСѾͷҾȻֱŷ֣Ȼô࣬һô˵ֱǴ˵еĴŮ
;Ӧͬʱһߡ
ɰСѾͷ
ɰСѾͷ
Ů
Ů
Ӧʱٴα׷
ͬٴα巭
ĲܹÿɰСѾͷŮݣô
㲻ϼ޻ıʲôģҲݣűȽǰְɣ
Ӧ׵ĿЦˡ
ͷߵĿҶЦĵ֪һﵽʲôʱܷ֣Լ檡Ȼ˵Ĳ򵥲
ҶЦ˿̵ڿ˺ܶ࣬ŮҲǹԲԷ
ģ⼸ܵεѹգǵȻ޴ˡ
ٷߣǸߣһйҰǾľȱ׶һʱԣʼǣһҪһ
ҶЦŴ˼ʱ;ӦĻϲɫοҲԼһ¡
ԼĵжôܣǡԼûбҪԼŮҲԼܰɡ
ܣ
ԼѾˣҪű˸ԼһܣܵĸоֺܼԼŮ˸ӵĲҸ
ҶЦҲĽԼеǷʹǿѹȥ

Ƿˡ
Ų
ȻǷŲ¡
ȻܹܵǷݿ̹ԷµУļ䣬ÿÿҹλأһȻ
޿ɷϵǣĻҶЦһϣ
ڵ˺ۣδҸڵԼɣ
ȻҶ¹ѩԼǲƽģԼĸҲǲƽģ
ôһ룬ҶЦľȻࡣ
תͷӦԼľҶЦ¸ȴǲ
̲ס̾Ϣһ˵˵ĴڣΪԼŮ˵꣬ԼŮܹĿ˵֮ڣҲǼͥУ벻ҶЦȴҪԼŮο
ӦŮһ𣬿ҶЦ֮У
һֱŮȨ˵Ůһ򲻹ǵĸӹйĹ߶ѡ
ʹû˵˵ΣͥУ˶ԼŮ˺˵
էȻҶЦĿ˵Ȼ仰ȴԶ׼ҶЦʵ뷨
Ů¶ǲһжƬ£˼룬ܹԼŮ˵ԼΣӣʵ̫ˡ
Ƶĺ
Ӧ῿ϣλһĵ߽ԸһΡ㣬ҲͬǵΡԼ˲ˣҲȻҪ跨໥ģģҲǵġ
ҶЦͷٺЦҲ˵ҵģһֱҷǳġ磬ھҿĿİɡ
Ӧʱͱһ첼ͨӳȥԶó׵һ죬Բңܣ뿪ģ㲻бôʱΪΪѵô¤ϣͼǷ֮룬Цӵаģ
ԭֻϷݵ֮ؾǣԼ֮࣬߷ѵֻҪץסӦһ١
һץסֻܳưͿ΢ʱ̣ʹô٩ң۸ң
Ҫǵ¤񣬾ǷǷ֮ˣҾ˳£Ȼˣ
øӣҼסˣ
ҵģ
Ц֣ԶԶڣԴ䡱һ졣
漴һҲƵĺϵƺһ˲֮УͻȻŭ׹ĸͬʱʼ
ޱߵֻɲǼ䣬ǧ﷽Բ
Ű
дģĵԪս
ҶЦɫ΢΢һ䣬͵վ
һʱսȻǵ˶ˡ
ڴ˿̵ıʣҶЦЩֵġ
ǰʱôգǶǿסֻ֣һζĹţؽȴͻȻͶأ
ʲôʣֻǱڼ鱻鵼εıж
˲޵·ص㣬ڱ֮УҶЦͻһʵƽأ
ҶЦεȺƴ󣬶ѾѱӪկȴûκη֡
һͷȻҶЦɫʱˡ
΢֪˿ﻹ֪ܲһﾹ˳ȥսȥˣ
˻ƽͽȴһԵģ
˴ȥԵ׵⣬ֱĻԵףԷһԵ֮価ڷޣƻ˶Էȫ̴ƣ˳ȥһӾȫˣûĵ
ðɣóѾص㣬ڵĹؼǣ֧ԮֻҪȥ΢һЩһǣȫʬֻ֮࣬»ñԷƤͷ̽ȥ
ҶЦХһҶЦڴˣ˭һս
ХգԶԶ˳ȥ
λȻˣܵΪȡ¶һһһ˲Ҳã
δ䣬ҶЦҲڳХУһ⣬۶ȥ
ȫ

ƽɱߣϣһΨһоֻԼ³ƺȫԼĸоڰβǡ
ֻǴ˿̵ˣɱ֮ɱ𣬻βһɱĵ׶һɡԪ۷Ҵ
ŵһսˣһ·߳ȥʮ·ȫ޶ƽЩͲסˣɴɢʶǰУʶȻѾ˱Ƶ꣬ʶӡԾȻԱ֯˺׵ıϳ
ŲոʶƬ̣оңԶı˶ˣһ쳣ǿĴڷԼ
ƽ˷ǵûжܣ˳Ǳ߳˹ȥ
á
һĿɶǳأ
Էһ¶棬һҶЦԤһ㣬ʱͷˣ
ֱӾһԲ֣
һ֣ɱ֮ɱ˶еĸоԼΪȻһ쵽˵۷ΣӵΪΪʹΪԼļԦΪȫȫ£
νСٽ޴ԽԽԼԴܾ˵ףȻܹ趯˾޴ôᱻͷأ
Լǰ״ˣ߹ľĵ۵ֵƽΪҲͨҲϬȴǲôһְ֣ʹΪֻѥɦ޴ӷӣ
Ȼ۷֣Ȼֻһһ΢΢Ĳ࣬Ѿ֮𣡸ǵǰ״
һͱ˼ȫѹסˡ
ǵǰΪȷʵԼɱһ˲ıܷӦɥʱ
˵ǰŷУ״Ծʱһغ
ֻսĳΣ߷֮£˶״̬ĸȴҲǲϱ
ΪǽӦ֣ٲʼǻ޴ӷˣ
ûڰӰɧŵˣһһš
ֺϹֻԸԷһˣȴԾȫ·֮С
ȫ·˷ߺսǰ벽ˡսݣ
Ⱥչйͬھս԰һƣƲһһ浹ˡ
Ȼʱ򣬵ǱߵԮܲɵĸϵˡ
ϼӽ˵Ĵ᧿ΣʱҪ˲ʱɲǻĶ״
εĶ־߰Ϊ޷ںΪһӲˣʩһʱлأ˼ʵ˴ԮռƵ״£Ȼٲά衣
ҾѾ;ĩ·ʱ̣¹˪ͻȻճ֣ǿɱսţ
ΪǰıʣһҪֲʧ⼸һֱҷѰٵ٣ҲþǸ˪ŮʱԮ֡
¹˪ͬģ֮ͬСɣ൱λλԪ۷ֵܺͣһսţȻδܳŤתս֣ȴ˵ѹ
Ȼзĸ֣ҲΪսµͻأ׷״ӸϹսš
һսôϡͿıˣģݱԽԽ
¹˪Ԯֻ֮Ƭ̹״صҲŸϵһս֣ʹսԽݱٹ꣬ıλϷ»ʲս¹ĳϸҲ
һһеḶ́ȫֻ̾ڲʱ
˼ʣһƬսأȻѾݱ˲¶ʮλԪ۷ֽսĳ
𣬵ŭһĩյľ
һսǰδĲ֮ս
ֻɽͷ飬ʯն
ʱҶЦճХԶԶȻûǷɸֵľܣȴȻһն
漴һȻ⣬޾嫵ǳâ羭쳤һй䣡
һϮµҶЦѸ׾Թ϶һִս˵Լս֣


678 ڻ
ֹҶЦԼǽŸţӦ֮
Ƕʱԭ뽩״̬ľƣŤתΪԱ
ֺɽĵһ
ֺ뵶⣬ͬһɽһ㣬ͻȻӾҽ
Զˣ
аħһ
էֵһʱöԷʮ߰˸ͬʱһ޳ܣ
ԾԼߴϵߣΪĹ䣬ܻڳ֮ǰһʲôʲôģ˾ٹȻ֮ȴҲֲײΰ룬״ģսȡƽҲѭһԲкһ
ǽ죬쵶һȴƽ㣣Ȼں֮ǰȥģԷĴʱһѾһλԵеĵԪ۷ִͷһֱ˿£
˵ΪӲ磬Ӳ㣬ѾĻðȫӲ㣬֧ά裻ȻѽȫעµĲ֪Ůϣȴõߴΰĺ쵶ȻԼһ͵Ϯ
ȴҽҲûһֱӱ룬һϻ꣬𣬵޴档
ҶЦ˵Ҫ㣬лɱ˵ĻᣬƵͬʱҪɱɢ㲻ĵزΪЧԷĻ֣
ͷ˵һееղһ𣬶˵ݣȻ˾ڴ޳ܡȴǺͣ˴ǿսȦ
ţ룬Ǵ룡
··һһһǽӲƴ͹򡭡ͬĵˣɲô
ѩӲأһȥе޵΢ԣֻ֮ܵӲƴԹ
к쵶Ŀֲ˭ϣӦⲻһġбʲôġ
ֹУһ˲֮֮ڴ˵õڹͣ
ѩ磬ǺεȵʶôŹб綾һ͵Ϯ
ԷΪͲͬ۴ܵȼѩ磬Ҫ͵Ϯҵܲ
Էǿս֣
žǵ۷״̬䷨ķϣҲ׵ҪԿģοЩԶԶ䷨
򸾵룬ЧòƻҪùҶЦֵԮսڼʱݱһߵơ
Ȼ˵򸾵춨ʤֻ֣ǽʤֵĵʱѣΪ춨ʤֵҶЦ
ҶЦǳ޼᲻ݣǹҫУѪɳһʼǳ֮ϣȻںХУʼ۲ɢ
ȻҶЦһս֮УѾȫ
˵İΣҪսپ֮⣬֪ϵЩˣ־Ǹ֯мȻȫսҲȻеĺܴһ֣
ܹ֮һټ𣬶ڼĴսĪ档
ҶЦεȫȻû֣ÿһǽ߾ȫ
˷ǳǿƹ»Ϊ촷ۣ
Ƭ£ûʲôֱܹǳƥâ
˾ս״ݻ֯һĶ־ģ˵ӦŮɷԸѸٽս־ƶʤֻ̣򸾵սȻƳ𱬣ƶˣȴΪڶѾҶЦ˵ǿ壬ľԣԷʵȻһ浹ɱ֮
лķƽˣһսǲܵνԪ۷ߵܡԼսǹۿǿߵսĸ򣬶ԣĴֿɼ
ﾡ۷֣ܿ˭ֻǿȻֻǰ׾Թ϶һƳоƺֲԼһ̰塭
˵սȻڶʱԵõ̫ʵԵУĸȴһҹ֮䣬ࡣ
֮ǰս֮أʱʱȪ·ȥַǣÿ˶ǻѪ졢ˣƲᣬ˼ȴ۾Ҳգһ¡
⣬Լȡ裬ǰδе
յĻԵºһ㣬˶ȫȻռԼĦĻˡ

һС
ȴڴеͬʱסҶЦһԼһ
һѪʱۡ˳гҲͻȻ촷ۡ
ܹҶЦȫʩΪһһ˶δʵ֮ǿᣬɼһߣ
ߣαôżİɣҶЦХһڿһ췭Ȼ䣬ؼɫ·ɲǼʧȥйһ㡣
һ̫ҲƵĳâڵգ
ȺǹȻԣѤõչ⣬ȴǿԵģ
һ˲䣬Ƭ֮ҫۻԻͣȻͬһ̫
ңŹâɵĻ𾫣Ľҡ
ȻҶЦĽ
䡱һ죬ĳҽݺصس彫һҧһ֣һϢķȥ
޺Ǳ£ֻɶɼǱĿ˽£ǽĿԭأ
һ֣ٵսǻţҶЦĹϬǴΧԹĿܹ翹Ǽ򵥿ʰ˵Ľɫͺ⣬һĶһǳɣǼߵУҪ˳׽ҾֻҪһ˲䣬Ȼһ˲䣬ѾԶ̫ˣ
ʹʵͨ죬ǰĿΪڶ࣬ûһ֮ʱʵʣһ˲ĽǿԵģϾγɹЧģ
ͬһʱѩ磬Ӧ»ʡҶЦеĲս֣ͬʱ˱޵Ĺ
Ҫߣôԣ
òײŽǸ˳
˵˵߾ߣô˵飡
Ȼˣȫɣ
˪ºΣڿмϳһͨ쳹ص磡
ҶЦĻԹ֮ǰһչͻ
顭
һľȫûκμϵĽ
ۡ
˴սۣзʮ˲սҶЦ˵֮󣬼˲䵽ȫ汻ľ֮У֧֣֮˲Ƭ̼ͱ֮ࡣ
ԭΪ׵ĺһ£һںͼԣȴ⵽ԽµͻϮʮ⣬ôһ˲ʮˣ֮⣬ȻоŸΪһ˲֮²֪˶ټǿƴŸոյӣô̻һڿбɢ
Ѫأٲ
Щÿһ߳Ƶ۷֣ʱһҽУ
ֻ֪ôشʤĹʩԼ֮ǣƵ˵֮ʣ޷һ¶Էô˵
µˣʵԶͬ٭һʱͻĺǻԵɺϣ˵û˹ɢӡ
һʱˣվԳãƬ̣Ⱥɱѩ΢Ϊö̳׷˿̸ǽ¶ţֻҪƬ̣ԮּĿ֮˺⣬ѩڸ㶨ֽ֮Ŀڵ˵ϣ
ĸ©֮֮еһˣ֮ǰһ֮ӲҶЦһһ֮ˣʵ֮һָǴеΪ֮ˣ֮ԶˣڸܵͻϮһ˲͸֧Ǳǿͻƺ۳죬ӵһ
ҲڳҶЦ֮ˣҶЦʩչļɱУϵܶϣ˼ƴͻΧȻ޿ɱҶЦļ֮У
˵ʵ˵ã֮ǰȺҶЦһһԼͻϮٳҶЦļ֮УȻԾɲɱ屬Ѫ֮࣬ҡҡληϸ߿գһҲͣԻһ磬ٶߣȴǴ߷Ǳط
˪º߳һ˫˴˽׷ȥ
ѩ˵ĵλñΪڳܴˣνߵˣϧѾ嵽˱ԵλõʱùˣΪѩ׷ϣ
еĺ˳ǰλȫ㶨ѩ֮ǰһԲȴԮΪʹɱ֣˪ѩѩͷһ¡
˵ǰ״̬ۣƴܵˣһߣʩչΪ۵δؾһûлȥҲ֪ιʣէѩǿϮͻȻһŭ𣬾ǻȫźѩ˹ȥ
Ƿ׼ļȷ񣬻˲Ĵˡ
ǵǲϧԼӲֻҪ΢һ飬˺ΧԼһ߲˵ʵֻһζ뺮ѩƴһ
жво
Լ˴˵ǰ˵
ѩʤѩ潣漲ϴ൶޲õѪȻȴƺȫûκθоһ㣬һζĺХţ񶾵ţʩչŸַܲƴƣ
ٹƬ̣ⳡսʽһ䣬ԭӵսֻʣ˺ѩ˵һֲս
ҶЦΧ£ϹʮλԪ۷֣һ޴İΧȦС
֮£䷨ҲǾ޷İΧ֮ͻΧˣ
ƺ״ȫȻûаоԾǸߺսܶϢ
Դ˼ʴ·ķǺѩΪҪ˸߳һȴԷȲҪĴ򷨱Ƶ·磬΢ıܣֻڶԷĲҪ֮¡
սּ֮ʱѩһ˪ѩ죻Էȴǳϵعһڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱܹУ漴һƵһĽâ
һ֮еҶЦļ֮Уֻ²Զ߱ɱԣԶԣǺѩĿǣէ֣ѩڣʷ꺮ѩһ߿գŴ¶̣֮˫֮Ƹԡ
Һѩ΢ЧһŤһͷ˳ȥȻ˸ΪȴǺѩоȥ˼һС
ڻ죡ڻ죿


679 ǣǣ
һ仰ҶЦʧɫ
ͬһĺˣȻʧٶյڵˣڻ죿
⡭
ҶЦϣȵΣץģ
һ˵ʱ붯
һ£ҶЦһȣ嵽ǰ档
ڻ֣Ϊǰֳһ˿⡪
ֻҪڻ죬ôʧٵЩ˵䣬лȫһء
ٽ˿ѰҲһеŶɽס
ҶЦԲˣ죬ͬʧ֮УҶЦܲܣ˵ŵԱ
ߣǿȷһЩ£ͿԽǰԼӦжǼ£ᵽ̨˵һõ㣡
Ǻ˿һ̬Է˻ƵⱵЦһѩԹԾڽ˽˰ɣ
ѩЦѾΪħҺ㻹ʲôԹڻ죬˶ϵʸ㣬䣡
ĴЦţ㺮ѩʲôö޵ɫ
˵գȻͬһͷçţһ㣬ֱֱس˹ȥ
ѩһйͻֱָԷķҪǺ˾ȻеܣӭŽ˴˼ʶȫʹΪٶȵʯ𣬼䲻ݷ
գۻ˲䣬˫Ѿײһ
ѩĽ֮ƣȫ޳͵ش˺˵ţĽǺ˵ؿλñɲǼѪɡ
Ȼ˵ĽȴҲ˺ѩλá
Զ׼һڲȴѷǰʤ֮񣬶ǴкѩһʹöԷһ˲ͣ٣Ȼ΢ͷѩɱһΪĿģϧһǸǹѩģ
ϧ˴˵ʵ࣬ѩ΢ϸ΢ܣɱ˿֮ĩһͷһ̧ѾԱɱ֮Ľƽƽδհ㿼飺һƴ򷨾Ҫͬھڻ죬㻹ʸ񣡡
ڻ¶ֻ۾Ĳ̣񣬾Цţܿͻ֪ҹ񣡡
ƺٴ˵һʲôһ̣ͻȻһۿɼٶ͵
ã
ҶЦһ֮䣬Ȼһƽѩ˳ȥ
ҶЦò˶Ϊѩ΢εҲãҪܵزʩΪ˼нڣܵƣ˽ҪеĲĲɱУѩ޽ҵأ
һҶЦжϣںѩķɵͬʱ䡱һէ֣˵壬˰Χ֮Ȼ飬ǿֱӵˣɽһ㣬ӿľ˷䡣
λڵţȻʱ̣ѡԼ壬
ı
ԱЧԣΪҶЦ׵壬һɿ񱩵ˣӭ
ɰڻĿֲܣΪɹۣǿҶЦǵܣ㲻ֻҲøشĽ֣ȻҶЦӦ٣˫һȦһ
ռ䣬ͻȻλᣡ
ڻԱγɵǿܣȻոձ˲䱻ҶЦǿһСĿռ֮С඼ϽҲ磬չѸٵ
ϧȥƲǹǿԾıըܣѾҶЦƣֲɱȺȻɢ
Ҷһ˲֮飬Ͼֿɿֲɱ
Ψ֮бƳܷɵҶЦƺһ˱͵˳ȥ
Ǹ˿˿ѪԼƲᡣ
ҶЦεǿߣвˣһܴȻᣬղǿзǹΪֲԱܣ֮м˲ƣзƵķɣгֱӵıը˫ɱ⽻ͬСɣȻҶЦĸҲܲ
εϵ֮Ҳʱ֣ҶЦϣס˳ನ
ը˵ԾɳҶЦͳȥ
ڻ챾ΪȻֻõԪ۷Ϊû΢֮û΢֮һ£ΪȴԾʵʵĵԪ۷壬Ҿ쳣ڵֵ޷ˣݹȫļԱܷӳʮϵǿȫںһ֮䣻֮ǰҸҶЦһ֣һߺѩǿʹ֮ʱԱܣȻҶЦΪһʮԪ۷ǿܣҲⲻ֧
ٹƬ̣ԱನֹЪȴԱλõм䣬Ȼһӡ
һаĴӡ
ˣҲû¶Ŀһʵָ֤˾ڻ죿
Ȼжܿ϶ȴû˵
ӣǷǹȻ˵ڳһҲݲ֮ʵڲԸڴ˿̱˵ˣΪڸ
ǲڻ죿ȷôҶЦźѩ
ҶЦ˼ȴҪ֤˾ڻ죬Ա֮Ȼʵһ˺ѩֵڳ˽ڻģɾǺѩ
ѩȻԥһ£Żػ񣬵޷ȷ
ҶЦɫ΢΢һؿ˺ѩһۣͷû׷ʡ
ѩϣһ˿ڣһĿ˿ڣڻݡȻѩԺܿȬ⼸죬ǲôÿˡ
Ưĺѩ˼ȴеĲ޷ŭ
ֻһֵֺɫ
ƺϧʧ䣬ЩãȻȴҲЩɡ
ҶЦһоУȴʲôû˵
ѩĻػȻҶЦ⣬ѩԼѡ񣬶Լֵܣνǿ
սˣ˼ս˶̲סһֵĶʮ֮Уһ϶˲̶ͬȵ𣻶ԷЩȻֻһ죻ԼⷽȻûģܵЩƣȴԾһݡ
˴˿̻֪ҶЦʩ֮Уһ˵з˵עٳЧһ˴ǳĹɣսʤȴҲδ統ǰȫʤ䣡
һΣ߲༯ǰеĳ֣һԺսȴԾ˲ҡҶЦպǵа֯мٽʱȴָΣսʵʵδֹۣ
˶ϽȻ׸أΪһʱĵ꣬ϸ˼֮£ľһ˵ȣ龡Գأء
ЩûиԮͿжϳЩ˴ֻͷӣңǵĴĿľֻɧŵġ
ֻһСɾ񲿶ӣ㲻ϵзٲǾս
ôһСսȴѾڵ㾪춯أ
ǵ˵ֻΣ
ίʵδֹۣ

и˵Ҳܻˡ
ѩվҶЦǰ棬Եδ֮ء
˵ˡ
ϣҲҪ¶ݡ
ͷʵǹңҲǹԱͼʮֵԣ㲻ĻҷԻӽգ˶εıըನ
ѩƳ̾һˣԹһֱһ̣ȴһ֮⡣
ĴΪεı޳¼
ԡѩ˵ܻˡ
ҶЦĬһ£֪˵ʲô̾˿
мңȻ֪ѩ˵ķԣ⧲£ԵչԱƣܹȫ˱ѾǼ˵һϤ˵Ĵ㣬Խƶ
ղһۣڻӦƽѩأѩѶϤ⣬¿ֻ辢أһ̽ڶͻƶԷߣٷؾڻ챬ըͷ˦ϸ߿գһвԡ
⻹ǳȫڻǺѩȫҪ»׽Ļ򵥣ֻҪ䵤̴ѨƳڻ칦壬йԱѩ֮٣ֶȣоԵİտս
ѩΪ˳ȫϳ˵ԸȴǸķŹ˺һǡֶΣתʹǰһַҶЦֵܵ룬ʧأɣȴԷˣ
ãҶЦڿ˵˲ڻ죡
ѩ㶣˼˵ͷǵģȷʵڻ졣
ڻ죬ѾʧˡҶЦʵʧٵ̫ˣʱֻһˡ󣬿ԽѰݸ飬Ѹ𣬶һһˣ޶ٷֱ𡣡
ǣѩ۾ڷ⡣

һңԶصɽ֮С
ǽӳĺѪͨϯضʮˣѵʵΪʲôΪʲôȥ֧ԮǶǵ֧Ԯһܹѣ
ɽӰУͬװʮԾš
ֻÿ˶һ㡣
˿̣˲Ѫӣʮ̬һ粻
Ϊʲôٶȷŭĵͺ
һ΢΢̧ͷĿעź죬ԮΪʲôҪȥԮǣ
ǺԵʱΪ֮ᡣ


680 ޷
ȻȻôҲû뵽Է˷֮Ѫ̲֮סֿѪϽѵĵҩڴڵȥĵϢֹ֮ŴϢԶ˻Ƶ˵֪˵ʲôô˭˭ڶһϡ˵ƣѵôں
ղſ˵ĺ˾ţԵ˵ں£ںںȴҵ£Ҳʲôƾʲôʲô
ŭĵ͵ڶѾȵز㻹Ҫǵӣ˻Ųʸ̸δһ޳˵ʲôġ
Ӱеĺƺ͵͵ЦЦҲ˵ˣ˻Ųʸ̸δڵңܹԾ𣿲һʸҵȻƣҵǣȴûбƣʸ˵仰ٱʸ񣡡
̧ͷĿ⣬ͬһ㴩ռ䣬עǸѪĺϣƽȻֻһ䣬ǷҪңΪʲôȥԮأ
죬ȻǳŵȻ
ȻȻһĿֱֱϥĺˣԭѾϳң
Ǻ˱˵ϳ˭Ƕôֵÿҫ顣
Ȼݺݵصܹϳңȷʵʲôֵÿҫ顣죬ѵΪұûϳ
һ׶¶ʹɫع鵭ȻȻϳΣ
ϳΣҲ˴˱˴ˣ״ͬΪ㻹Ǻ𣿡Ȼɭɭ˵죬ڵ״ǣҶֻǱ˿ƵĿ棬һ΢ūѡ
ٶ¶ʹɫͷĻ˵İҲֻءūȴƫƫȥԮū𣿣
Ҿƫƫϲ£ȫУҲȻ˼ֶ񶾣ȻڣЩѹǺҲѾܳԶˡǲʱδʱʱͱڣʱˣ
Ȼ˵ЩڡǳŸΣѾʲôʱ򣿾ϻɣѵΪ㻹ܹص𣿡
쾲ܣǲʵ
ô󣬻ǳţҵ𣿡ȻЪ˹˵ȻҶѾߵһ˭˭һ㣬ֺηһЩ
¶һ˿һ㣬ǳźһ㣬ڹȻѾˣǺȴע಻Ϣ
Ȼ̲סŭ죬ôԼŪԼ˼ô
侲ŪԼڵʵǣûˣǳûˡǺȴ׳עҫš
Ȼ㿴Űɣһƽٵ𣬽Һɣ
ұȻΪ˵۵㣬֣ȴǺţ֮̾࣬ȴǽ˵ΪԼ裬ǵСʩĹ
Ȼŭˣѵ֪ǺǸνŵҶʵݣЦҶЦǵĴˣĴ˰˴עƲݣôۿУʩһζӣ
Σ̩Ȼ磺ҶЦҶЦ˭ҶҺĵӣ
УǺУԾǺ󣡡
ǺܹзʷôԸ˫͸ĿЩȣ˭УʲôϵʹǳˣΣ
ҸղѾ˵ˣھֻһȺħһȺūôνˡȸеĳƺҲѾӵС
Ȼһɭɭ˵죬֣Űɣ˷ȥҶȻһжϡҵҪķǣļ֣ڣǰֵܹʲôʱ򡣡
΢΢̧ͷĿ¶һ˿Եļڽ̣ԭ㾹Ϊһǻܻȥ
ȻȻһʧ⻰ʲô˼
쵭ЦˣЦܹ죬ڻûлҲûлֻԼҲ˵˶Ѿ˰ɣ
Ȼŭһ˵ʲô
˵ʲôֻ˵úã̫ˣĿ¶һ˿⣬˶ѾˣȻΪǵ죬һ˻Ȫ¼ţį𣿣
Ȼ˺󼸲ĺʵ죬ʲôȰ㲻ҪҲ˵պϵ׷ΪκεôȻˣԾҲΣ
ЦЦ񳯲£ǱպΣһϣ˵һ֮ò㡭ɣ֪һأһͷ
Ȼ岽תͷȥ
ֻλãˣųƷվεض˵·Ȼתͷ֮ʣһߵ˾Ÿˣ඼ĬĬվһԼ
Ȼһɺ˶ɱȴɭȻУ
Ȼ״ɵôʧɫǡ죬㡭Ҫʲô
µ㾹Ҫ޴⣿ǰһң鵽زȻע޷أôΪ˱ʦߣվҾʹʦүŻ
ڻѾˣ˵Ľ飬˼Ӧû·ϵͬУ߾ȪȻֿһ治͵ȣ·ɣ
Ȼŭ죬Ϊ㻹Ǻôѵ֪Ҷͬһϵ֣귴ɣѪԵĳͷ
쵭ЦЦ֪ҵȻ֪ɣ֪ˣô²¿²Щɡͷأ
㡭㲻ңȻɫ˵
˿̵Ȼɫ࣬Լ֪Լ£Լ˼ˣģûжٱǮϡ
쵱ɵԼֻԼҲѲ˶˵Χôˣ
ȻҲ벻쾹ȻѡʱԸԼ
ϵǣһȺ֮Уĸǳźڵˡ쾹Ȼб½ЩҲȫˣ
Ȼ㶪ǳŵһˣǹ˸ǳһմڴˣֻľǱ֮飺ɻǵǳŵĵͳôɸ߲㼯ɱ𣬲űһͳ֮ݱȷϣ佫ǳš
֮ǰ㱻˿ƣ죬ҲˣڿһʼʹδԷ֮£ϥȲȥħͷūš㣬ʲôƤԳǳŵţ
ȻΪôϥôƱǿ鵽һֻܼв޿ɿܵǿֻίȫѵʲô취ôЩˣΪھԻͷô
ͷҵȻٱλǳŵĸֳʹģȴһֵ˵ǣǻһѡǻѡ
ǻѡ
˸֣ν
ʮˣоƵĳ⡣
ЩԴ̨һֱڣһֱѰôһᡭŵУ޼Ǿǡ㣬ڻ죬еɵˣһȥһ
֮ǰһֱίȫһֱϣһֱΨһĿģǵȵһ죬ʱѼӣһһ
ҪûŵˣǽһƤ⣡
޷ܻϡ죬Ƶ˵ǿѡôһ𡣡
ɼᱻǵȵˡ쾲ʱ˿̣ҺοӦЩȫο
Ȼ׻ľ
ڻ϶ûߡ쵭һϺѩƽ޵еУƶˡ
ڻúá
ڻΪսթ֮£۴ķ˵㲻һˣһΣйҪ˵һ
Ȼ㣬Ȼ
Ŀ֣
Ȼ鹾תЦʵǴҶһ˼ҲôģǻС
Ŀ˿ΪǣԾҪΪǣѾҪһˣ⣡
һ£ʮλ¸һ֡
ȻңĶ˷Ĺ˿̵ˣһȥ˴λͬʱӦôֵǽ
գ۹⾰Ѿ˺ۣɼǣѪɣۿžҪ֧֣ٴ
һѾȻߣһֻ͵𣬼һһԣȻ£
һɱ
ȻʱһӰͻȻ͵سǿвȻ֮䡣
ʱһ㶣ɱҲһӰȴȻ䣬һȻѽȻĴͷ­Ϊ촷ۡ
š䡱һ죬꣬Ϥɢٲ
һ˵¶һ˿ʹࣺϾţǺοࣿ
ϾŲЦһţȻʼǳŵˣŻ黹ǸɲоǣڻҪֵǣȥ֮ǰõǼأ
پ͵ǰԣţһã
ʱϾͻȻԳһΣиıɫֵǣǧĪҪǵԼֵһˣٳʹˣ
˵һƺ𣬿ڱȻѪѪҺȻͬտ˵ˮһ㡣
ɢ
Ͼʹһ£ƴһѣһƺݺԼͷϣͬʱλô䡱һ졣
Ѫ׷ɡ
Ͼŵʬ塰顱һˤڵء
ȻѾˣ𣬻ɢ
ǣȴڲϵĳ鴤ϵضѾ͸˵壬ڳļʹ࣡
о˸
쳤ХһݺһƽϾŵ÷飬૵ֵܣǰ·¼ţУҵȼ̾
֯˵ֶΣǶ񶾵˼㡣
֯ڵĳԱֹ˴д裬ȴϽ֣֮֮Ŷԣô򶼿ԣֻҪ㲻ѶִͺãпĹ涨ȿЧص˼ܶԣͬʱҲ֯ս
дŹʧ֣֯Уνġд衱һʧ֣Ϊս˫һΪСĵĻر㣬Ϊɱ֯ڵˣôἤɱڵͬһʱͷеؽƾͻ
Ѫԣ
νķѪԣָѪΪƵöԡͬտ˵ˮڴȴֲ˼ʱȥּµʹ࣬ν޾
Ǽܲסʹ࣬ԾˣԾɻʹ࣬һֱȫã
ȫΡ
ƵòŻʧ
֮һƷ㵱ǰǹҪȥ
ֱġȫ
ԣŻһƽϾŵʬ顣
ϾŴһƻɱȻľٶǳŻʵȴǸһֻ˵Ǵһ
һƣȴҲͶұ֮⣬ϾϾŴ˿֯ԱݣһƻʬδûзգϾ˭Ҳ֪ǽƵЧǷӦʬ
ȻжΪΪΪϾд츰٣ȥϾʬĵ
а֯棬ֻЩˡĿЩȻҲЩȻĿܺˣСôһ㡭
û˵ȥ
ʮ˵۾˹⡣
Ȼ֪δ֮ˣԣģζأ
һ֣ڵǰһԣֵˣ
׼ϸҽҶЦĴӪһҹǣú򡭡˵ټʱˡ
죬۾䣬޾ǿգ£þò
˾ھĬ̧ͷʡ
˴ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪˼䣬ĿɰǽµһСݣУҲ˲
ֻǰһСݣҲ˸еĽ
ΪСԾɿԡڵػϣԼ˽ҹҲˡ


681 
֮ǰһпĴսҶЦصӪկʱܸеЩ
룬Щˣ䱳֯
뵽ڻ죬뵽ߵȻȻȻģҲһλˡ
죡
ȻڵŶȺˣôأ
ǸȴʧĺţڣҲʧˡ
˼ʵôأ
ţҶЦûͻأ̾˿
ҹ
ǹ˸
ڼع飬ȴҲΪڰһ̡
ͻȻէֺһһ
˸һɽȻȫ׵ͻأһʱ䣬죬ֲָ
ҶЦһ
޾ڰУнʯǵ
ҶЦüͷ塣
˼ʶȻ֮֯ˣΪʲôһ֮ҪѡƵһɽأֱչ͵ϮĻƱؽأ
Ƶһɽȫ壬һҪϴݾߣԼһ˷
Ϊʲô
νڱߣƣ޻̸֮㣬Է֮˲ʧ˰ɣ
ҶЦüڶһʱȻ޷顣
ڰУңԶı˶Ȼһ˻ƵĳХҶЦɸһս
漴ڰէֽһһչһֱ֮ɰգһ֮ǰȫ޶µĺ£֪أһ̣ȴȫûиоɭֲķΧоű׳ȡ
ֻ˼ʱͷԷа֯µħͷ˹ȣһǴ
ۻϴԸ㣬һӣҶЦ
ȴŴ󵶣̤߳Ŀ磬ҪһӶӭսˡ
ҶЦһһ
һ⣬ֱ߿ա
ǺһЦЦȻЦ
δ䣬ӶתϷ򼲳۶ȥҶЦԴ˱仯޹˼ɣβ׷һһӰһǰһգۼʧӰ
˼״²׷ȥ
˿̣֮ǰɽǵԾûƽϢج׽ٵԤʾ
״ذƮƮȺ̧ͷңŸղźվĸ߿գУһƬ˼ء
ƯȻߣҲֻһƬĿǰأѯʵôô
ܡǣ״ش˼ƺЩ˻ƣȻ
Ͼ㾲վţͬľܣȻ
ãͬʱת뿪սԼ˹ߵȥӰͣ׷ȻȻһӲࡣ
ҶЦȻȥˣȫȨˣʲô⣬Ȼȫ¶ˡ
ǵġ
¡Ȼ֪ǣҲֻ֪ܵ

ʲôҶЦ˵ɡµͷûãֻԣ
Ҳֻˡ
ڱ˴ܴڴУһΪе֣ʼҲӡ̣˵
ҶЦ磬ɫһ׷ǰĺӰʵȴʼǰ߱һ롣
ûչҲûйֵ룬Ϊ˿̵ĵףҲڽš
ӰǸһ㣬֮Ѿ˺Զ
ҶЦȻ֣λãӺĸ档
ͬ޴ĳ
ĬȴǾȻ
֮ǰµɱţݣɱκǿߣУҲҶЦֻõҶЦ޷ͬʱӦݣ
ҶЦȫȻڴˣΪϲû˿ɱ
ûɱɱ⡢ɱǿսʵٿֲҲҪη壡
ҶЦһζĬظš
Խһɽ壬ǰȻһֱĶ¡
ӰͻȻڶ´׹䣬ҶЦ״ԥĸ¡
һ·ʮͬȫԥشλȥӰ׹֮࣬һƬͷ׵ɫȻ𣬳סƬ¡
˼ŸŸϵչ½ȴȻ֣Ƭͷ׵ɫȻһ˲֮󣬻ǿܣǿһˣҲ޷ͻƣ۽뵽֮£

ʶΪ㲩ϸ֮һʧ
Ӧ֮Ҳһ
ν˼壬˵һϣһض򲻱ַ
ҪһҪҲҪپԪ۷ǿߵɹ
һγɣôڰ֮ڣƬؽ磬Ҳ޷ǿн룡
ϹλԪ۷ǿߵۺϣѾԵ֮ͬ
ƽƳ
ԹҪҲпĴ˵Ƶֻڴ˵֮Уû˼û˳Թ
ϾһԸΪ۷״̬ľλԪƷ۷ǿֻΪ˹һϣֻǶػһط
̫пᣬĴҲʵ̫ô㶼
϶ûκһţַʽ߱ĳһ
ûŵĸȥػԶԶʤĲп취οŵĸֿԱطΣνεıգϾʱ̫ݣԳ־ã
ֲɵôȡôҵòʧķʽ
Ȼ죬ʱ˿̴˵أֻڴ˵еȴˡ
سǰ
Ϊ˱Ķ£ЩҶЦȥ֮Ķ£
Ϊʲôأ
ЦЦçײӦּȻ⻷ûй۲ֱȥ̫ʧˣ
˼ʵĿⷴĳĪҪżഫȻƣȴּڷУ֣ûκεӰ죻ЦЦȻУҪȴܵ͡
ĴĿģֻЩ˽ȥѡ
ֻǡˣ˭أ
Ŀггȣ˼
Ȼ˼ҶЦΪλһ¶ãôֱӺԥظȥˣȵ״ʲôرɣȻ˵ͨġͻȻһƺ뵽ʲôֻͨʲôȴر죬һԣɫתΪȻ޲ˡ
Ψ¶һ𾴵ɡ

ҶЦһĨһֱ֮ףȻվովһ̣ظоһǰδͻȻ֡
һɳϵ֮
ֻӦ˵λĸһ̣Ժޱķʽ׳Լȫ
ֻΪһĿ꣬˵ķʽԼ
һȫ˽
ҶЦ¶Ȼһ̧ͷȥϿͻȻչֳʮͷɫʵܣµϿȫ֣ڱΡ
һ̣ʮӰƮ䣬ͬʮƬҶͬλá
ǳһ̵ĵǵҲʹʧˡ
Ӧ˵֮һ̣Ѿûˡ
˿ݲҶһĶ׵ĸࡣ
ͬ壬һϢΨûԼڵĺۼ

ҶЦ̲סʧ˳
ΪϽЦͬϳ⴫˵е棬޿ܳʵĴ棡
һ̣ҶЦĵͻȻɬĸо
ΪҶЦ֪Ϊʲôĳ֣ĳ֣Ѿ˵̫ˣ
ǰ׷ĺ˾վţֵɫгȥͷɫʣһ̾
һ̾Ϣǰ̫̫ĸУƺǽһȫվһ̾Ϣ֮УһԵ㷢˳ȥ
ΪʲôҶЦתעλصĺˡ
˾վţûмʱػ
αд˼ˣֻҪ֯ǶԻҶЦЩĴʵֻҪħͷǸƵԴͷһ֮ʧΪʲôҪˡֶΣ
˵˵˵öԣһжԴͷǣѾܻͷ
Ǹħͷˣǵ棬ɵ棬ϴУȴվǻزˡ˵ֻҪţݳͻһֱڣ
ʹδǿԻȥȻǳĻţ֮ǽһڼֵȼǱмˣǣǣΪ֮ܶһɣˣӡܳ裡
ֻҪˣǾܵһУϲڡ
ΨһģΨһܹΪһ
˴Ũصıȴ˵ƽֱƺ˵һ뼺ȫ޹ص飺˿ֻ̣Ҫ˫ʽսħͷȻħôͻʧͷβΪɱ¾ߣ浽ǸʱʲôҲ޷ء
Ц£ߣԼԼһУ𡣡
֮Իѡʹ˼˵һԭӪһ԰ȫĻܹ㣬ݵ˵һλ
Ϊħ¾һͬʱҲǵΪħԤǰ֡

ҶЦһЩؽеţ
û˵꣬һ£ɿĴĻϴˣҲǸˣֻһδĿˣҶסҵĻ


682 Ĳ
˴˿̵Уٲ֮ǰĵóζ޾ʹ
ƺš֣޷ܵص
ҶЦĿ¶ʹ֮ɫ
صĵͷ֪ˣˣҼסˣ
˴ο̾˿ƺǷĪ£ããã
ĬȻתһ߹ȥһˡ
һһ߹ȥŲݴеԵһϮ£¶һֵɫɣģᡭ
ֻһϮ¡
֮УԭѪ˿̶ȻС
˵壬ƺصһ˲ڻˡ
ҶЦ¶ȻһҲǴ˿̲֪⡰˵İԵʩս֮󣬱Ļȫս֮ʼĹѪ֮һһе£֮䣬
ڱȴһͷʣ£
ȻΪ˵ɣУ
ԾĬ²ͣһ·ɳɳɳ߽ȥҶЦںಽظţһʮڲݴ֮еĺ¡
ֻʮ£κһϢ
ͻȻһЦ
ҶЦ̾һ
ҶЦеһλӺݣĶţԢ֮е󣬵ûмʧ̬ˣȴΪλʦָеϧȴҲеĸܵ˼޷˵ľԼŵ⣡
һ̣һ̧֣ǰʱӣһӣҶЦΪϤ˵˵ڣʱ˺úõ̸һ̸ˡ
̸һ̸ǡ˵
˵ͺã˵ʱǧĪҪ졣
ҶЦ¶쳣ӵɫ
ɡ˴˿̵ȴд⣬һָŶӣԼһóһײ豭ʼݲȵݲ衣
Ǵݲȣݲ趯ͬˮһ㣬һ˿ŵĸо
һεĲۣһһݲ裬һκȲ衣
һ֡
ȻǾ֣ɢʱ
ҵľ֣ɢˡ
գڸղţһоźδԲʱ˿̵ĵ£еһжȻȻķˣ㲢ֻ֪ţ֮Ҵ˿̵飬Ǻƽģǰδеƽ
ҶЦڶ棬˵Ľ
ûп˵ȫȻΪԷҪ󣬶ǡʵڲĴϡ
־һ˵ˡ
˽ĸоԣֻ
ſԿղŵʮˣֻǺ˵ӡҲؿ˵мƣǰȥνԸ֯Ĵ¡
֪ȥ֮ȴĪĿ֮ʱѾɼܣֻУһţȻǸ֯ĴӪڡ
νϣ֯ħ𣬴ҲˣϷ²⣬λħ𣬺ܴĳʱµһ֣Ԫ
ǸʱһжѾΪ֣֮ӣղܡ
ǵʱ״壬Ƕ˱˿ƵľأЩݳߣ߸ϵλߣһ죬ȻΪͷβħ߹
ΪŵλߣҲԼĵߣ֮еľˣǲǸϽɱЦ£ţǴħĿ֮£һоɼȻɱҲġ£ƣߵɥأˣӲԸȫ齵ΪħĹߣΪаħ
ЩˣҲһʼļ˲ϣϣޱȵϡԭֻڣҪĲȡԷΣĳ񣬾ȡһء㸲جϢݳȥ
ʲôٶĵ飬ΥĲ̵顭ҪЩҪ̣Ҫа񣬾һеĿܲȡԷˡе˵Ҳա
ҡҡͷ¶ʹ࣬׵׷˼
Щ˵Ŭûа׷ѣһΣҲж
ʱգԷԾɷȫǡǳֻ֮⣬һĺ壬еĳһ˱¶ݡɼĶ¼ɡ򷴶֮ı˴˲ɡΡ
ȻǱԽɲɵĿֻţ󣬽¾ħ̳ѪȾ򡢷ƣ
һһӽȥӽˣУһЩֵҲνıͨԷʩԸֲп̷ĥ߰ʮˡ
һֱͳĲ类ȫħɽħΪͷβħ
µʮˣһֱɳȥռͷһ֣ȫ
ˣʮˡ
ڿЩۣҴʮˡ
Ŀ˷ߺޣȺˣ˵踺Ҳã˵ǶñͨҲգ˵ηЩʹ̷ҲУ֮ʮˣ֮ǰɱȻҸϾţϹʮĸˣңһ°һĥһίߣһа񣬶䡭ģֵܣ
Щ˹ӲдΨһԸԼһ԰ȫҴлݵ̸һΣյϢ鱨ǣΪػһϣ
˽һ̸Ȼҷٲ㡭ôһֵ
ҲǴΪƬһ㹱ף
ֵһƲһ࣡
ɬЦЦֻһһֱܹڵġ֮ڡ
ҶЦĬΡ
˿̵ֻоԼгԵľ⡣
ҶЦȻ֪Щϵ׷ʲôȴǿóġ
ҪĴۣܺεȵ裬ǶħȺĵطҪείȫܲȡħһΣӶ˵أ
Щܲµõȴ¡
ΪЩµĺ˵ǲ׵ʣԸĳ衣
ô࣬еô࣬еĿģΨһĿģֻΪ˳ȻϣиԼ
Ѿǽı΢ԸȴҪΪ˶һȡ
ԸɣԸԳ
ô۷ֵΪ˴ôһϢ
ҶЦֻоԼУѹһȻɽ
صԸɣ˼ңǱĲݴһϮϮɫͷпȴܹһ̾Ϣ֮С
ΪЩ˵Ĵڣǻһ壻ԴеģݺȻǣӡ
ҪϢҵȻ˾޴ŬܹĴۣһһģһ԰ﵽĶ
֮¾۽йעҶЦȻһЩѾ֪֮ǰ͸¶ģһҪ˵һΣϾ˵Ķڻһʱһһβ©
ΪЩ鱨ܶͬ˶ˣЩʱΪ˴̽һڣѾ˼Լȥ̣涫
һֵҶЦˡ
ҶЦȻݣֱͦ˱ģ֪鱨̶ȣһҲǲ©ģ
Ĭһ£þ䣬Ƭ̺ŵȣֽ֯ħǵϣλħڶ˵ħ𣬺ܴһεһԪҲλʷΪһֵ޵ǿߡţȻδʮ㶦֤Ѿǰ˾Ųʮ
ҶЦһ
ȷΪħĴӪ֮ڣ⣬ΨһܹĶķ֧֮Զǿɾɲ˼
ҶЦһ𣬺Ȼɴ۾
棬Ѿ¶Ĺٷʵ֮⣬սڵ£Ӫĵ£һӲǧĵ¹ǿƱܹԹ֮ܣͬȻɾ͵Ȼ󣬷ƣӲʮ
˵ԽԽࣺ֮⣬ħоŴأ֮Ϊѵ֮ãħµǱħ֣ȫἯмѵѵ֮أֵѵ
һѵصħͽߣҪôӵеԪƷϵΪΪѵԳ񣻻ߣ棬һһ⣡
أꡣһصĽϰڸ¡Щϰÿ˶ǵ֮ҲǵԪƷϵߣΪұĸȼȻͼĶϰҲеԪƷΪ֪м׼ϰʮϰλϰ֮һµһ֣䷨
ֻҶЦѾоͷƤʼըˡ
䷨ǸȻԼܣʵΪֻ»ҪԼ֮ϵ䷨Ȼֻ󳬼ϰ֮еһ


683 ħ
أħר˸𣬽ħ̳Ϊ¾սϵɱȥ
Ŀǰ»µľŴ̳ȫѾ˳ΣǧҪСνεĹģÿһ̳ҪвǧԪߵԴѪܹ꣬߱λ˵Ŀֲ
˵һ̳ȫɹҪͬȼ߸ߵȼѪԽһ䣬ɡ
Ŀǰֻеһ̳ȫ濢ɣȫ湹ڶڶ̳Ѿ߳ҡ
ҶЦ͵س鴤һ¡
ǧԪߵȫѪ꣬ܽһ̳ΣҪټǧΪʵһѪ꣬ܳ깤һ̳
Ҳ˵ҪϹǧԪΪȫɱܽһ̳
ļ̳ȻоŸ֮࣡
ڣ̳ĳѾȫ
ŵһ̳ˣڶ߳ɡ
٣Ѿǧ˽ȥ
һŶߣ
㲻ߣͷһͷѾǵġֲֿˣ
ȻҪŸ̳깤ȴٻҪҪڵ
ڶ
νʣΪۻħΪⱣΪϣ¾Ѫϴƣ
⡭
ҶЦֻǴԵһ룬ѾоͷƤڷˡ
֯ʵԪ齨ʱ򣬾ͿʼﱸһСһֱڡʱꡣ
꣡
ҶЦ֪˵ʱʵ״ǿţȴԾɸеȶڳ꣬һεƳ¡
ֻǣʼҲûףԪһ죬˳££ν׸ϵһˣݵλѾˣµǵǿţ޿ֹ֣۷壿ֺαаħд˹⼿ȻеóѣҲͲǣҪһо˼⣡̾Ϣ
ҶЦǴԣȻʣҶЦȴǿԻشģΪԪҲǸܣҲǸЩȨ޵ĸ߼ܶѣ
ԪһɾͣһΪԴͷʥõʥħȻȷһ죬ֱԪ۷徳ЧȴҲḽԴħԴ֮ڷ߻ǿʵͬʱҲὥתΪħ֮
ħ²ףȻҪΪ߰ĴۣħΪԪľĥ±ԶԶ㣬ױΪħȻħħ£Ϊ棿
Щȴû˵һû壬ֻǰźΣԴԸλĵвĿӹⳡƽ𣿣
ϣã
Ԫ֮£Դͷʵ̫Զǰ׷֮棬Եǰ̬ΪȣҵԼۺͷ鱨ϢãУһʱԪɵĴ־ֻǳ죬̿ĹܣûиʵԽչУôһˣ֪ӺζҲδ֮ȫԣ˵ʵȴǸߵó棬ǿ̶ȣұҲҪΪ֮Ŀ̾磡ħսһҪСĽҸղᵽЩˣûһ֮ˣ䷨Ǹĳǿߣй֮
ҶЦԵͷ˵ЩԵˣ־ǷƸ¥Щˡ
Щ˵ʵȻǿÿ£ջһĨѿɼһߣԼ߹Էأ
һɣǾȻȫ˵Ľ׷ݣȴжԲϵĵط
ΪȻ׷ݵ֮ǰĻôǸʱ׹Ӵֻûпʼ
ĸǰ׹ӵҸ㣻ôĻһˡֵʲôˣܹ׹ӵķƸ¥أ
˵лгԼԤƲ²أ
أѵһɱ֡оǵФĺִɱĿ˺ѳһɱ֣Գ䲻İɱֶΣɱ˶꣬ɱ֣ʵδضߣɱɹȴǾ˵ĸߣ
ճԣɱ֣۳ɹεĸߣɱƥ䡢òʧϾԴ̿ͣǳɹҲͽܷһöѣħԴ˷֮¡
շת֪ǴɱĸĿģڱɱڱɱһõܰ޾УбħħԴзǳĴ̼Чֻ˵νħܣ޾ĸ¶ѻɣֻҪֵָܹõģħ˼ұ壬죡
Ŀǣǣ֯ģ֮Ӵʵ֮ǿᡭ溧šˣһ˵Ѿ깤ļ̳ȼ겻Ϣħ𣬶ҪάϵħòϢҪΪٵĸ߽ߣħ겼õķλһţػ̳ʵȴڽ޳ֵԴԴעֱ̳ߵͷΪͷʵǲħֻ¸аš
ҵȱĵίŭԹޣ֮ʱֻҪһ϶һ֮ǰ󣬷ÿˡܹΪôһǿ֯һౡ֮ΪƬվһģǡ֡
ԳЦЦȻұߣȥգȴԲƬգأһ
ҶЦȻ裬ٱྴ
عˣ˳һԱأ˼ʵ죬ѾʮˣԼҲδ棬ϾŵȵȵߣǵرƬأ
֯սߣ֮ڡĿгǵĿҶЦֹۣ̣üѪȲпķѵĸҲκһҳܹ⡭
ڣţǵĺܡ˵ǰڡ
쳤̾Һúޣúޣ
Ÿ̳Ŀǰһ룬Ϸ֪ʱ򣬶ԴҲв죻ܹŸ̳ȫ͵͵ʱһٳ֮ϣǸ޿桢޿ƥУ
ҸԼͬʻϢõһۡǾǾŸ̳ĳΣȻĹɣʹپãҲûϵһһ̳깤ͣôļҲҪ̵ʱ֮ڣɣ
Ʋ⣬Ŵ̳ӵת֮ܡԴ˼ĳ󷨴󣻶ƣ֯ռĿڡ
ȻһжϣôȻǰ֯ڵǰʱδ죬ٲʱĵȴȲĳ򽭺֮еĸԭڰɡ
ǽҪģһһҪƻ⼸̳ĳ͡
ھŴصľص㣬Ƕ෽̽ȴҲ֪ĸķλֱڡ
۲սգһ֣ͱҪ׸ˣԲܸԷκδϢĻᡭӲҪκε֮ġ
Уп־ޣǧҪǵһ㣬ǲˣħ
ħ£ȫѾǳͷβħһȺҪĹߣ
һһֵؽյĸصĵص㣬ҶЦͬĵһһּ
Ҫ鱨Ϣ쾲ʯǰ棬ĺŲ裬˼Լյ鱨һ飬ϸϸĹһ顣
ҪȷϣԼȷʵѾ©ģһ鱨ˡ
ܷģ
ǣҵ·
ڡ
ڳ˼
ҶЦڵȴĬĬĵȴš
Ҫ˵ǣŵı֣Щڵģ춼Ѿ˶ˡǲκι˼ɣǶϣֻҪٶɱǣǹ٣

ףҶЦڳһ㲻⡭
ʡ
ڻȻǵʵȻ裬ȴ϶û統ǰ˵áҶЦԭʵôڵֻҲ͸һˡ
쵭ΪΪħһһĸħħϴΪͻ˲ĳɣħףȻħȴҲ漫󡣡
ҶЦĬһ£ԭˡ
첻˵
ٶ˼֮С
֮˵־Щ˰ɡ
˶٣ܹģˣ㻹ʲôҪʵô
ҶЦĿûиˣֻ֪㻹ûиҵģ㻹ûҪģ
۾һ˿ʹ飬˵ûˡ֪Ӧô
ĪҪúʮӣһߣ
վҶЦҶһҪס죬ûмҡ
ҶЦħӡǣܽ⡣
ٺһЦȻҶЦ˵ȥ֮ǰʮֵܣ֮ǰͬʣΪ˽֮ᣬͬ㾡
Ȫ¼ţڵңһ߾Ȫ컺תĮҶЦʱ֣Ⱥ˴Īĳ裬ȴҲǵټҫ
㶮ã
ĪҪңҺ㡣
ҶЦſڽĿ콥нԶıӰֻоһƬɬʹ


684 
ҶЦȥʱԳ˵ıߡ
ǵӰǰͷ׹âһ˲ҶЦΨһͷȻֻҪɱȥħɱһ췭ظ
һȴ޷Ϣ޴ѹֵıʹԼһļ·ŭ
ͣϡ
ȺէҶЦŴҪʻ֮ǰʣȴڵһʱ͸оҶЦһɱпıŭ
һɵס
ôˣ
ѵ˴Ҳ񰡣ʹҶЦ˼ɱ˫ȴδǶֵӣ˾ɱɺζأ
һ̣ҶЦͻȻ˵˶ȥѾûˡ
ǣȻûа顣
֮һȫ֪ʲôƽҶЦȻϿɵ죬һ⿡ʵݣЦǳҴߣǱůôأ⡭ò̫˰ɣ
ڶͬʱظܵҶЦ˼ʻֲΥֵı䡣
ǲ֪֮Уʶ˳˼תȥ
һ߳ȥԶ֮󡭡
ͻȻ洫һХ˺أ˾Ȼһͷѭȥһƥ⻪죡
մһһĻ
ֻҶЦμ׺羭죬˸ͬǬ֮ڵĹâȫ۽һ㣬بԲǧԵʯ׾Թ϶֮һӶ
ҶЦιɸɽȻѣ
ԭƵɽ壬㵹
ҶЦոշǴ£
Ǳߣ˼ػڶȻͣǵ޷ƻԼעϣҶЦȴ˵ôֱʣɽ康Ȼ£ɽɽۣҲҪ߹¼ǧɣ
ɽ壬Ȼ£
أ֮ҵԲǧ֮ڵƽϣ֮һһѷ졭
һǰδļƻ֮
һ£ʹӰ١κδںۼ
ԭַ֮ϣֻһµʯɽ
Ƕٺۼܣɽ֮£ᣡ
ҶЦһݺ֮࣬ٷһХҹգͬը죬ֻƬأƣȻ޴档
м֤һĻ˶ǸоͷƤһķ顣
Цôˣôĳ
ÿ˶óЦǰХ֮о¡ȥͷıԼѪܵĿ̹ǳޣ
ôղ֮£׷ʲô飿
ЦҶЦʧ̬ˣ
״վǰ״
ҶЦǰХըյʱ쳣еظܵ˲㱯ߣͬʱһɫΪ֮һ䣬ȻϾͻָƽƽȴ͸һ޵Ȼ
ҶЦһ˫ɽ˲ʱ£һɱعӪկһʱ䣬㼴ټи߲Լ߽߿¡
״صø磬ͷɫɫģ״һѾסҶЦͷʵǲǣô
ҶЦĬһ£ôǡ
ȵ˿̾ڿرܡ㡣
״غεղŵһҲǱһָʲôףǿƼѶˮȴǻĵͷǵģǣţǲѰҡ
ҶЦȻر۾ǵģӳ֮ʱһҪѰţÿһҪѰţκ˲õ
״۾һ죬ݺݵ˵һħ֮սֵһҪǰģ
ҶЦĬһ£һ
ûʲôǸ¾ôˣ״ذ׷ȻĿ磺εıʣĳ裬ڱе顭ҪҪֱ𣡡

ҶЦλʦϵ׳ҪǰȻûģֻأôӦһǾ͸ûˡ
Ƕǲԣ
״˺ܸɴľܾˡ
֪ҶЦνָϳʱҶЦóֻعϷȥΪܹͻƱƿɽȥ䷨ս֮޼ϲ¥״ȴϵؾܾˡ
ϼһԼ֪Լ£ǵ⸱ϻأս˱Դ֮ǰռͽܵĹⲹ˻Щ֮ǰʵڴ󣬾ʹʹ޼Ȭһվ
Щ㻹ԼţԵˡ
ǳˣ˷ѣ
ҶЦԴ˿ν
Ī˵Ƕ֮ȫֻعֻʥһöǶɽХƷԼϸ͵ǰ˼ҾȻԣ
λʦҪǲⶫͽηȥ󣿡ҶЦյüͷڶϵħͷǵֶζָڶ࣬һʵǶһֻᣬ˵˷֡
ҶЦһϯû˵꣬ͱƯϣСӲΪǼϼһﲻӣǾûɱ֮ͽδ̫Сϸ
ҶЦüʦʵǿӲ
ʵǿ϶Ӳ˭Ҳϲˣء״ҶЦļ򣬵һϹͷܹĻ΢΢ڶǵܷǸҲˣϾҪһ֮󣬱ܹмӣδмǾǷˣҲġ
һţҪмųӵĽɫֻ˵Ǿһսսˣܻܱһɵ㶮ô
ǰ·δԤڣս֮գֻ¾뿪֮ʱɣעǲƬصġ׵㣬ǹȻָһɵȴҲ˶ѣɵػ֮𣬿϶ǲֻĳɾγ
ǾͲܳˡ뿪򣬷쳾죬ʼɵͼλٸ߼λ棬Ƶ¡
״ĳӣЩһЩȫԼŶӡЩֵøεģȫȥҪȻǲģǶӵĲġ
ֻҪۣƬ£ǶҪɱǡˡ״شĿҶЦȥ쳾죬ڳ棬ЩǿУǸȫеҡ㲻ΪԼδ㣬ЩʦģȴΪ㿼ǵ
ҶЦһȣЩǺ󻰣ǰսΣ
˵ˡ״ذ˰֣ǣչʦǡǲΪĵҩһƷǲҪ
ҶЦףΪʲô
и˵컯ǲȻɢ޳;֮Уĥ£
״ؿЦţǵǣɳƼʯȻأԶԶ㡭ں󳤴ǣȻҲ·ȷѪ꣬˵̫˳졭ľҲܸǵǰĹΪ൱ǵһ죬˷ĵزҵݻԵɥڷ֮¡
ҶЦԻ¶Ȼһ
⵹һ⡣
һݺӣҪԵΪ⣡
ǵģ쳾֮ʱ϶Ҫϴġ
Ȼľ۲㣬ȻΪԲ״̬٣ȡе
߼壬ŷλǿ߲֪ߣ֮¡
״ذ׷Ȼ˵ɽٵǿߣߵļʣųɰ롭Ϊֹֻм߳ɹ쳾ģ֪ģ˶ѡ
߸ˣҶЦԲһ£Ȼ֮ǰ֪ϢҶЦ֪ģֻˡ
ЩɵļأҪȫࡣ
ǵģ߸˳ɹ쳾죬߸֮Уɳǿߣֻˣȫɢ޳״̾һ֪ΪʲôԵʣ
ҶЦʩ񣬺ʵʦָԽ򡣡
״ذüʹľǻɢ޵Χʵ̫ˡУɢռݾÿһɢΪ״ŬȥѰһᣬȥѰһǶνڴ֮ģԶ߸Ӽ㡣
ɢ޶ԣǶԱߵ죬˵ȱݾй𡣡
ɢȱķȱʺԼķŵӣǳŵӣŵһţͻרŵļԣжĸĹķ㱾ƣһԣȴҲһʼ͸ޣҲܹķ޶ѣ϶ûпܳԽйԭߵļޣǰ£̸
һɢޣ޺ܶķУһĳķŪ֣޲һ׽Ȼ;ɬУķиǴֻۣҪһ߻ħеزۣɢ޶ԣ֮·μĪ⣬ֻҪǰУͻ޷˵ֱǰһɢУᱻ׫дⱾλԭߣҲδ򵽵ȫ¾硣
ɢ޵;ʵ̫ˣΪǵѡʵ̫٣ֱֻӾûСŵĵӣֻҪΪﵽĳ磬ȻкʵĹԼȥѡѡи޶أһ·߲ͨһ·
ɢӵиĻᣬʱ֪Լ·ƫҪ˶ʤ졢Ϊ뷨ȥñЩƫԵɢޣõһˮԵϳ˹֪֮ⲿԼʲϣǻѡ𣿲ᣡֻ뷽跨Źƥ䡣
ǻ߲쳣п᷽ʽĥԼĴ취ĵرıԼʣ빦ϣ߼ԻˮȻٲά裬ʱ߻ħԾǧ࣬ԾɳĲơ
ļ֮£ɢ޲Ϊǰ·жϣиɾͣЩճɹߣǲṦǵԺԣ磬ɣ˵㲻ɣɢľԾŵĵӣ֮ŵɢޣڹ㲢޿ɱԣڶԴй̬ϣͬûпɱԣ
ʱ»ʺѩӦҲ׷׵
״;Ҷھš
״ش˼ʴ˻ϻӣȻô˶ˣȴǼ˵ȥ
ڶԭ̬ٷܹɵĵӣ඼츳֮Щ٣ƶཻӻԵŵЩӣܹЩϸѡ֮ӱ˵˸⣬Ǿǣǵ츳ġ
ܱʱǶôƶཻӶôܹ࣬ĥʹ࣬ڱѡν볬ŵһ̣سǵһţԼ־ЩȴҲתΪ
ڽߣɢ˵鷳飬ŵĵֻҪԼ֣Ϳӭж⣬˴ŵıǩǷԽ޴Ĩɱġ
ǻڴˣԴųȥɢ޾սէƺǲ࡭ʵ߼̬űʵĲͬɵĵепɽɢȴʱضоԼ᧿Σıƾ˵ɢڰģҪԶԶڴŵĵӡ
Ǿö֮ɢ֮еֻҪӱȻɾµľǿߡȻ˵ĳּʲһҲʮ֮вܳһٷֵߣȻӺ£𵴽֮š
״ص˵ԶĲ˵һ䷨ĵһԪе¡쵶ЦҶЦ
䷨ҲһɢޣκɣԪڴ֮ǰҲֻһСɵӣɱΪɢޡ
䷨ԪҶЦĵһ֣ǣȻνһ֡ͷȴûڸŵĳͷϣ
һѵˮһʻȴһڸŸ߲ϡ
ѩ磬»ʣԼǰŵӷɢ޶ôƣķΣȻһƽҲ࣬һֵͷȴûбŵռݹ
˼ΨҶЦмֺգԼԡԡľȷʵףκεŵ֮ϣӹɣԼǰӵеĳ׿ʵҪɲֻ֣ķԼƷռƷʵֻعԼһĻԵԪ䷨λܹ֮һ˵ı̶ܴҲΪʥ棡
˵Լ䷨ԪΪʤ˵ģȴԵȻԵҲʵҪɲ֣Լʦô佱ԼܻǶе죡
һǿ϶ģ״˵ЩҲǵĵȷȷ
ȻԵԵκ˶ƽȵġ
ŵӻռơ
ɢƴܵõǾɢ޵ı¡
״̾ϢһŸֲΪߣҲͲƹǰΡһȻֻһȴûпһ
ⲻܲǳ˼ʡ
»üʵϵ˼ѵ˵Щţɢޣ˵ŶڵṩԴˣһִ
Ⲣʣϵ̽֡
һ㣬״صĳǸȻó룬һ´ǣż˵Ȼһ˵һִĻǴ־ЩˡӦ˵һҾޡǣһǿ϶ģɵ·ߴô
Ըꡣ»ĵ˵
Ϸ˵Ϸ˼ȴҲ˵ʲôԭ»ʲҪΪϷڽ飬ϷǵָоȴһʱԱֻ᲻Դ˵ϣֻһԼԼ΢о
״ؿЦһóҵóȱݣôҷĿϲˣʱգﻹǽĺôʱһͳ£԰
˲ݸһЦ
״˵ļΪеΪϡ
˵ĵøĻֻǾãɼԼҵӣȻȻɱӵȻһֱ߽ʱЧԶ׼Ҷӡർ˵еʱȱɢֲģʱʱƣʱضѣʱضҪȫġΣ
Ȼۣ飬ΨеȲΡ߶ȡλųߣŻ뵽ЩǳԶƣǷݲĵķΧһߣһˣӦóܵģеĽζ
ͬʱҲǡ۷ߣҪܵĥʹ
δĥΣӽһ¯֮еʱȫȫûκεȨֻܱرĥǳŵùһĶϴ񣬲ܱɾͬģһûκܹڱػǿŵĽް£ɱΪһ֣
״ص־ҵĸоô۷ʼûдŵӵԭ֮һҲôһɹ߸ˣˣֻռĸˣȫɢ޵ĸԭڡ
ѩü΢ѵ˵ɾͲӦôڣŴʦԼǰ˵Ŭʵù
ѩ˵ȴȥһˣȻдڵıҪǡڵӵľ巽ʽͬиĽıҪ
״صŵĸԭ֮ڡ
ڳ˶ˣȻ״صĻ⣬ȴַ׷׶üͷ
⣬е˵ʵУУ˵˵Ѷ˵ϣͬ޽⡣
ɴˣǲṩӻʲôģεѸٹ̣ͬǵӵλε޷Ŵ
ⷢˣнİ취ͼ֮нһա»ʿڵ
»˵ŵӶĥµ⣬һһϦܹǰƽͷǱսΣ̣֮ϳȴǱĩá
ҶЦЩεͷôԼ϶ûϳʲôֻعˡŵӵĴѶǻ˵¡
ʲô£˷׷ʵ
ҶЦȻ˵£ǿ϶Ǵ£Ȼû̽״⡣֮һǷֵġ
ⲢҾ˸ղŵ⣬ǽ֮Ҫȥоô죬ò˵״ؽ˵飬ȷǸŵĳ⣻ͬʱһݳ衣
Ͼ츳˵ӣټԴȫλʦ̵ոʣѡʵĹ°װ죬սȴЩʲôԴҲûеɢߵԶ
ȴƫƫʵ
״ظҶЦһζŨŨйġ
ҶЦ֪˼
ЩܹΪʥԼİףЩҸߡȥ쳾죡
ּģϣܹɵģ
仰û˵Ѿȷȷȷʵʵر˳
ҶЦͷʱһȡ
һüƽ
λȴشҪҶЦɵ⣬ȻǴ£ЩǴһƽٹȥ֮ȥͼ֮ǵǰüޡԽģȴĴ¡
˵Ŀ۽ҶЦ
ҶЦһУ¶쳣ɫΪ֮ǰİӲ֣Ѿ̽֯ĵϸ̣ôǰҪ鱨ҹչж
ɫһ۾ǲŵҶЦԵ棿
˲ȣڳ˼򶥼˳ϵĶЩ֮ǰʱȺȺ߾ܵ֯Ϣ鱨ȴΪޣҲڱ棬֯ĵ̵ϸԾΪǳ˾鱨ҪԣȻ֯Ļͷ۲ѣȴ޿κΣʩ˼ͻȻҶЦ˾ĺϢܲϲĪ
ǧȷҶЦһ֣˽
ƽˡ
λҵֵܣǰǽ֯Եףһʧȥϵּˣ˵Ȥߵԭ򣬾֯ɹԵ׵ģ
ҶЦһЦҴⳣƣΣ֯ɹԵףȴɹȥԵ׵ҵֵܣһ֮ڲòϣڤڤ֮ȷȷʵʵڵģһۣⷽ
ҲǹһЦ
漴˶еĿ۽ƽ䡣
仺Լţȫ©˵˳ֻǽĴڣֽʱ޸һ£ӽһǰ룬޸ĳΪڼ֮ǰ롣
Щ޸ȴǲòĵģϾǵõ鱨ʵ̫ˡ֪ǲ֣ҶЦеõϢҲͳͳĿ˵˳
ѪܣҲԸⱩ¶ĿҶЦôΥǰԸ
ʵΪõϢѾ˵ڶھʹôϢţ˴ǡԵס뷨
ݹһʼǿܵģĲԸð̰֮ǣҶЦڽ˵һֻ֮˵仰֮ôʵڲԸ⣬Ҳǿģ
仰伴ʱı⡣
ӢۣѾĪź𣡡
Ľ˵ɫԽԽԳأѿѼ
ڴ֮ǰҶѾܵظ߹֯Ŀ̶ֲȣ
ȴû뵽֯аֲǿ߶ȣȻѾȥ˺ŵĵز
֯ǿĴɹϵǧ˿ơ
ǾŴѵأ˱顣
Ӵļ̳صĿƣ̵ɱ¾ԵΪ
µһ䷨Ȼ֯ˣҲǷ۵һöӡ
˶ѡ
ֻһϢ鱨Ѿ˶һ
Ŀǰ޵鱨־ֻô࡭ǼѵصľַʼҲûַܴ̽ԭǻмǱĴ㣬֮ǰǶʱڼ֮עǲٻȥˡ
˵꣬ɫ֮ɫˣڳĶԼˣ˵ЩͷԵĿ׻Ȼ˵ڶ࣬Էȣʵʵ໹ġ
㶥˴˴ֲ࣬вߵʵ࣬ȴԶȫûпɱԡ
Ĭ֮࣬»͵̧ͷĿ⼫ע䣺Ϊҵȴ꾡鱨ҵȱڣһ仰ȴڵ棬˵㵱ҲܵħطƣΪܹ
û˵꣬˶˼
Ҳ˵ĺܣڽ֮󣬶ʧ˱ԣħͷɱ¾ĹߣôΪʲô⣿
仰ȴǵ˵˼ʱսΣ˿ƽ鱨ҪϢʻҪʣʸ
Ȼ˾ٻģȴǲòʣܲʣ
ǸȻؿƽһۣ˵ֻѡ¶
֮ǰҶЦƽйоܲ¶ĴڣȻ;ܵĲ¶֮ǰУһֱرĴڣһĴ㣬˼»ʼ£˵ǵһָʹ˲棡
عĴڣ򣬲ȡôˡ
ѵѡ񣬲òܲ£
ƽһ˵֮ԲƣΪҵš
ţʶ׷ʡ
Ȼ˶Ͻβ֪֮ǰԸἰһˣȻпԣһֻ²ǲħطƵҪͬʱ߻ζطԷħط˶ܲʣ
Ȼ֪ǿѣԾҪʣ
ƽûϿ˵˼һ£漴еɡ
֮Уƺһ뵲һһֱڣû뿪ѽ
һѭȥȴԼǰһӰ측֡α仯һŮӵò
˼ȻǰüȻȣΣȴԾɳֳ״̬ʣòʵ
ƽ¶һĨʹɬҵΪһʣٲѪ֮һԵʹת޻һĴڣǳɹħƣܹ֮ȡô鱨̩ҲΪ֮
תͷңԼӣҲؿƽ˻ƣƽ¡
˾Ϊ֮ĬȻ
ڳ˶򶥼ߣÿ˶Ǹ֮еĸ֣ʶƵĳ˺üȣڻ֮˵ʹ׼ҲжţŮʱԼûиоĲɾе㲻ˡ
УŮӸղſ˵һֱֻǲѣԼȴûаЩѾܹ˵⡣
˵еĻߣȻͬ죬
Ǹ»¶ԵǸȻ֮ɫ
»ʾݵλεĳߣʼջһŮˣΪ۵ľճɾˣƽȻȴۣ˵ȴûһ̷ֿν»ʣӦŮΪĽ״
뵽Լзݱˣȱ飬вȻ
ʵкֹ»ʣѩ硢¹˪ŮԳϣ޲ۿ죬иģ
ƽ쵭׵ģô飬غδ϶ϲܽƾ˵˵ҾͶԶȺ֮ǻûôķϾĴ¡⡣
ĬĬͷ
ֵһ̣֮ǰеʣȫӭж⡣
ȷȷ˼ڴ˵еĸ߽׻ߣòҲʲôĿܣܹħֵطȥ硢̽鱨
ȻϢ鱨ȷԵõӡ֤ôģֻࡪԣ

ħ
Ŵأ
Ŵ̳
۷֣ʤв࣡
ÿһϢÿһϣͬԸɣ


685 ɱ
ڳ˵ɫѩ磬»ʵЩˣɫȫԵѿ
ǿԿս»ʺѩĴܣҲ˵һս֮Լܱ֤ܲ
ƣ
»̾˿ϵһһֱ躹ޣжҲΡȻ£ôҲɣ߸ϵΪλֵ˵ȻƵ泬Ȼ⣬ΪȨšȴ벻νĵȻȻȫǼȫαװ
Ӧô죿
仰ǵ˵
˵Ŀ⣬ȫ۽ҶЦϡ
ҶЦ½һˣ˴˼ʵĹǣ
ҶЦɫͬأεҲ̫ۣ˴鱨֪˵˵ľڣתǵһȻԶԷĸԴݻ٣
ҪҪӴ֣֯ãСĴ£ҪôҪôһУκ©
ԣǽӦá
ҶЦһ£ǵĵһӦ֯սѾȷϵصĴԻԴԻصĶһУͬһʱһֻǡ
ζҪսعƣֻҲҪԪߣԣ񹬣ҪȫԱȫԸ
ҶЦĿ䵽ѩ磬»ʣ˳˵ϡ
ûٲƹ棬ֻ˳һų档
ѩ»ȫԥһ𿪿ڣû⡣
˳һ㱨ƹܲ뱾϶¡
仰һʱѩ»İۡ
⻰˵ãĵκƼʱʮһ㡭
⣬ԭƻֲھۼ֣˴жģжԪ֮µ֣ʱɡҶЦЩεĿЦһ£߽֮Ԫ֮µߡ¸ûвأԹ۶Σա
⻰˵ǡνװ״ʾӦ
ŷ棬ҲҪֹҶЦǵĵһжҪ֮ƣѾȷϵصĸѵأ״⣬һĿģǿܷεĶ崦ѳ
᲻ݾߣ»ʵΣһºʼջΪ֪Ϥ᲻ķʱ´أ
ּ״ҶЦһΪӵеԾֻһ֮ʣǾܹȷʼջҪǵķӦҪȶӦ֮ڡ
»̾˿ɣֻͬ
ĴأҴɢޣѩӦȣı֣һ顣ҶЦ˵»ʴʶӣ뺮һ칬ѩˣһɣһ飻һƹǱߡ
ҶЦ˿˳ʶüû˵ȥ
һ״Щż˼ȴֲ˵ʲôֻܵͷȥǿͷ嶯
Ϊһ䡢ƽȥƹǱߣЭǡ
ߵ̫𣿡
ҶЦ̫ѵ֪ҿвֶΡ
һЦ׸ԡ
»˵Ҳ˵Ϊһ¹к֣ۺʵ㹻ӦԱʡǾ˪λ˴аɡ
»ʸղſпҶЦǱ߸ոշԸϣ˪СѾ
ȻڲȥҶЦսǲ
»ʶԴҲĵû취Դҵ˴磬λϣֱͺѾ¹һ㣬ʱԼᡣ
ǿǸԼ鲻ԸȫɴǴ磬ֲҶЦһʵȱ
˪ºԵʱһ˵Ա˹磬»ʱµãֿһˡ
ҶЦһͷߣȴ޿κΡ
λ˷ټҪܵķʽչжڸ·֮ǰѡθֳμжһԱλʼж
ҶЦǳأսܣ
תͷ˳ƹһ
˳죬δҷһΪƹ£飬һǲ˺ģǰҲ֪Ե룬ھ˵ľǱʾֵ֧ģ
ҶЦͷ
ϣҶЦʼܹĵѡи֡
ҶЦԤϵǣӣʾԸȥ
ȻЩΪߣûеԪεΪǡΪҡźܻõġ
˴ζǻԵսۣѲһʹˮĻҲûУûǰʰ©֮ܿ԰ɡ
ʵڲУǿΪʲôɵ
սܣվҲҪûսʤҲҪմϲԺˣҲԸﴵ꣬ӵ꣬Ȼֻ΢ĩȴҲμӹħ֮սģ
ȺӿһĻҶЦֻоͷȣЩ˵Ѫ飬һֵ̣쾡¡
޻ڣ
ʤ
Ȼˣұ׼սɡ
ҶЦսԱݶӣһݶӣΪҲҪﵽԪƷϵˮ׼սڶݶӣʵȫڵԪһƷϵģΪԤսҪϣݶӣǵԪ֮£˾ҡźս
ϣ׼ĵڣͻаƮƮһƬ̹ǱԶԽն
ҶЦ̧ͷȥȴ֮УǰµӰһٻӰӿзѩҷ硣
˶˶˪
ǧ֮࣬ڿų˾޴ķ󣬻£ٲȻԶŵıɽͻȻ䣬أ徣
ƹԪϵȫԱǰЦ˺нֹԳ棬ĪҲӣ
Ϊ׵һŮǰһ𾴵һ
ҶЦʶس鴤һ¡
벻ڵģģȻԼԭΪûаյƹ
ңݻ᲻̫ʢһأ
Ϊ׵ʮˣƹʮ󻤷ϣʮϣʮ󹩷ϣλŻλ̫ϳϣղž˵ģƹӦߵģǵһִϣ
ƹɳݣһλϿ֮⣬֮¸߲㣬ȫԱ㳲
Щ˵͵ǽƹᵽ
ȻҶЦҲԼƮƹĹϵǰƽ٣ֲһҲʵҶЦЩԲ⡭òе̫˰ɣ
һһиһħǱ͵ϮƮƹƹǱ߾͵ȫκο֮òã
УƹӦղ˵ʲô˵һǰЦ˺Ѿܸ˺òãǾ䣬нֹԳ棬ĪҲʲôֱ̫̫̫ûУҪ𺳸ؾͶ
ʵֺֹҶЦԼ𺳣Ǳ߸ոմ֮иǰѩӶ˳ͷ칬Ʈƹ֮Ҳݱ˽ˣδˣУȻֻһۣѩȴѾȷϣƮƹǲˣȻǸ߽ȫԱȫĿ
мڴˣΪеѩ磬˺󣬶˵һ֮УԪƷϵӣȫ
Ͽ϶ǱȲˣ滹ǿһϸߵ͵ġ
ܲƹ϶ѹסƣ
˵ʵڵģѩж״Ҳƣ⵽Ƿʲô裿ôƹᵽߣһܲ飿
ѵһ㶼˼ϼҿܱ͵Ϯķ𣿣
λáҶЦϲֻǣôôأ
ӦЦЦȻǰбϴħƹ岻ݴǣħͷⱣսܣƹ಻⣬ԣΨȫԸ
ҶЦͷ˵ĲӦŹȻŮкܣü
˿ˣȻղȴǿ׻ǰһӦȣЦհһڣĪвӣӦ۾ҶЦҲ֡
֮ǰòû˵Цʲôѽ
ͻȻôһأ̬Ȼŵôͣս֮ϲҪָߣ⣬Ҳôġǫ
лΡҶЦʵϱ˺ڣ
ӦϵĴᵽ֮ǰͻȻ뿪Ϊõ鱨ĿǰѾǰħǱߣ̽ˡ
仰Ϣʵ𺳣ȻҶЦĳȣҲһ
Ƕ𣬾ȻһõҾȻѾǰħˣ
һֱע̬ѩնʱо޵ݣԼһӣһӣ˼ⷶȻֹ˲֪ʱˣԼء
ҶЦıͷЩ졣
ҶЦοصͷ
֮ǰᵽħ֯ĵ˽⣬Ȼʢ֮²ʿѵУ壬ʵұģսƹ¸ݻɽһأӦţȻǰôս㵣֮ˣ˳ᢣӦҵҪֻһսʤܣ
ҶЦ˵
սʤӦһ˸żᶨĹʡ
ãҶЦ칬ط棻¹ڤȷ棬ЭԼһߣɽǱߣ
ã
ȶＴ̶ҶЦϣ۵Ĺʱ䣬󣬷
жΪɱ


686 Ӣ۹Уɽǰ
һ£Գ棬Īвӣ˶ǽܹĵж
ҶЦǵһʱ
һ飬ͷж
֮ڴɽǰϣߣԶ˳˴жɱߣԶʧ˴жһȥɱħ
ˣڴ˴жʱʹõԪǿ׵繦н٣
սǹغսԸλ˲¡һ·أ
ƬɽȣҶЦһԣǰžķΧ
һӶӴֺǣ˶Σ˴ӰΣ֣عֵֵܣأ
˵վʹ˵ͷȥعˡ
˭Ҳ֪Щ½µĺֵܴս֮󣬻мܹţ˭Ҳұ֤ս֮Լܻܲš
һսȴ޿ɱıս֮ս죡
֧Сӣֻͬ͸ҹĻããȺɽʧ⵽ǰڰĺڰ֮С
λʦҶЦոǰҪһСأҪֻعͳȥϣЩġ
״ȴҶЦ߽һ𣬰źĴЦʧããҹĻ֮С
ЦЦǧĪҪϸУ
δ䣬ӰһţʹʧȻȫԼͽ˵Ļᡣ
ԼѾˣʱ޶ࡣ
ʹʥΪʵҲ˷ѣͽȴΪʵİףϺ쳾죡
˭أ
һ׵ˣԼԡ
һкܶ࣡ҶЦ׷鼱Ĵһ
УͬʱֳοɫЦҲţ
漴Ӱʧˡ
ҶЦңϳ𣬾ȥӰֳһ˿ΥĽ֮ɫ
Ľ֮飬ҶЦҶ컹ξйʱǨ˷ǣϣֻԼλʦĶԼõĳʲôöԼãҲҪԼš
˼ԼǷҪ
֪ԼкܶԾɻһöҲ᲻˷ѡ
ǰĳңˡ
ŪˣŪ˵⣬ȴԼе˾ΥܰΪѵõĺ㣬ڰӦ϶ܲů⣬ҶЦΪУ
˿̣ҶЦĵ׷뺮ദĵεΣӰһĻһĻתΪԼ龫ǣΪԼڻȻ㣬Ȼɣˡ
ҲΪԼϤĽ̵ϧԪ˽
չƷ쵱ΪԼƴս֪·ںȴȻǰķս
·Թ𡭡飬·ת
ҶЦãһͻأذεضһХ漱ȥ
Ӧ¹˪˷׷չΣҶЦӶգۼ䣬ʧȥӰ
»еķҶЦٶһ̣غ޵ؿԼһۡ
һֱԱĬĬع֮ǰһĻ
οҶЦϵĸ飬ͬõΪҶЦֽĿȻһʱֻĵ׳Ľܼʵĸп
⣬ӦԼﰡ
ѪŨˮһഫ˰
ȴȻߵز
Ūô
ô
ô
»ĬȻãڳ̾һ¹·ˡ
ֻǣ»ĬĬһȴս֮ԼڵĻôһҪȥһһ¹ѩһҶ죬ӣǵҪҪˣ
ǵôģ
ߡϵûл͵أ
ʱĹ۲˽⣬»ʿԿ϶ҶЦһ֮ˣֵܣԴԽã谮мӣ԰£మѣ֡
ǶԼ檣£ҶЦҲûаڳ߸ϡΨҶļӣһͥĴҳĽذ֮ͥеÿһԱ
һεˡ
һˡ
һúӡ»ԶȥУ̲ס̾Ϣһ
Ū˰

ڵһƬɽ֣ȻڣȻÿһĺƻ裬дƺȻﰲӪկ
żһߺȾ
ƺԾһ
ĸ߽ߣȴѾߵһɶ
µֶ֣ΪԪƷµĽӡ
Щħ濪սȲεսУͷӲϰãڻҵʸûУֻǲɢ
ҶЦ֣ҵȻκʵӲˣǿսֻۼﲻۼȴ²أ۸ոսύµսأ
صĽ˶ԣС£Ψ岻£ԼʵӲˣӲҪսԼҲˣ۵ͬصսѣǲǰĪˡĴ
ԴҶҶЦķԸԭؽɢѰ֮أⳡƽ٣ȴƽٻ֮գ
ȻҶЦԼһϲΪ֮ǣǲɢ֮һĵһˣһһˣȻ󡭡ǲɢЩˣҶЦ˶֮ǾȻȫֻˡ
¾ۼӪ
һһĺȾƣ̸Ц⡣
ޱߡ
Ϊ΢γսȷʵܰɱУȻҲ͸̸ħ
ǣǾô𣿡
ˣ֮ǰǴΧǱļϸȻɹȴҲ˵һ£ǾＯ飬ѾǸ֪֯ˣ֮ʵع⵽ϣ˼ʾǶȥսˣ˵ؿ飬ҲˣǾһյأһħͷǰʵѾˣܲµвԾô
ʵǿľˣˣҲЩʵľ͵ؽɢѰĲ֮
Ϊǿˣѵû֣ȻɱУ䵱ɱֻǴ´ġ
˵Ȼħص֮أʱضħͷǰţճ̶ȣδؾͱǰȥսҪСֻҪеǱɵġ
һ죬ܹΪ󲿶ȡһʱ䡣
ҲһĻ壬Ǳ߽ʤֵ׶
ֵǣйǿȥЦ㣬ĲĲ£ǾȾƣһ
ǣȥﻹֵڲ࣬£ֵǸһᡣ
ħۣ֮ЩδսҲǾһʱʱҲдţʱ
Ǿǡ


ĺ֮£Щûнӵ֮⣬Ȼһ
˵ʵЩˣҪܵѹԶԶҪȸҶЦȥսҪҪöࡣ
Щڽȥÿһ춼
ֻǣÿһ춼ȵࡣ
Լ֪Լ£ΪߵģҲֻԪƷѡ
ħһħͷܽɨһ飬׾٣
мڴˣѻ࣬һĽǵ辡ء

ҶЦڴ˼ɽּһ·ۡ
ͬ⣬ɽ֮һ
Ҷһɫ´磬ħ⶯ûʲô
ȻĳЩûģȴҲоװͬһİɽ
ҶЦӦλԺ¹˪ˣ֮󣬾ı߰ʮˣ֣ҲΪ㣬ԵС֯Ǳ٣ȴٶǰȥɽ
ɽ
˵ɽΪ֣侳ͬλһá
ɽ滷ˮֻһͨɭ֡
һ쳣ȣˮڶϣĿ뵣˰գ޾뵾ͻữϸ꣬겻ϣŨŨȺɽ
ഫ̫֮ʱ˼䣬˵أէ˵ط羰ڴפͷ羰ʱΪʵ˯ˡ
һȴѾǧ֮
ижһףһΣǧʱľֱϣ쳾ɣ伸ȲɣǺþڣ˴ã
ֻҪеѧģȻԿλ˵еġɡĲҲզأЩԲסߴϵĳν
⡮һǧꡯĴ˵ȴʹ˺˸ɴཫɽΪɽ
ﱾһʫ黭ȥ羰ɽˮʤգ
Ȼʱգ˵ȴѾ˶ħ̾ؾݵ㡣
һǶħŰ˼ħĳ
һһҹļۡ
ҶЦѾվãã󺣵ıϣĿȥֻ̲죬һۿߡ
УʹΪǿҶЦߣ߾ҲܼԶ
вδ˷ȴһСûС
ҶЦչϸһ飬ɿЦһԲ֮ڣûа̡
ӦһⱾԤ֮е飬ħЩһЩͨй¶ܵĻ᣿֮ǰѽһƬأ
Ϣһ£ȴǰֵ֮ɺս
ҶЦһзɱɽռĿǰֻ֪ħһλڴɽУڴɽһֻ»Ҫȥ֮ϸĴ̽һ¡
ǧעⲻҪݾߣ
Ȼ
ϣҶЦ˴ϢʱִⷢӺϲϵƮ˿˿ϸֱ֮֮࣬УȻ̺˾綾


687 
ÿϣ¶ⶾĶԼأĪ˵ѰˣԪߴ֮ҲҪжԪҲάֶʱݣ˵Ǵֱʣ
Ӧ˵ǴֱʡֻҪ룬⾭ҪĶٶԷôķʽʩֻΪ˱ܣȻɽռؼ󣬵ֻҪ¸ʮӪҲ㹻Բǧ֮ڴݲ˰ɣαʹôŵֶΣ
ţ̫ˣδǹⲥĶҶЦϸһ£Ҳǡħĳֶ֮󣬽תΪЩ綾֮Уܹоһа̺УаܹȻڸкܵͣȴʵڵġ
¹˪Ҳǵͷ˵ǣһ㶾ֻͻ𣬿ǰֶȴƺŷʧѰ
Ǿûˡ
ҶЦͷŴһ˫սκε飬ҪԷնݳһݣ
һҹ°ҹ½
ȫƴһĸ·Ǳ߸ϵ߸·ҲҪ·̣һ죬ȫλˣ
ʹһȫǵԪϵߣڸ·ʱԾɻв۵üˡ
ɽѾȷλõĴ֮УԶġҲǻӵһ
ҶЦѡǽ޵񣬿Լϡ
Լߵ֣ǧˡ
˵ԪƷϵ֮⣬Ȼ״̬ƣˡ
ҶЦϢһҹָ״̬
ԼʱĻҶЦͷӵǵһ죬ǵڶ죬賿Լʱˡ
ֻһҹϢʱ䣬˵ǰ״̬ԣȻǲġ
мڴˣҶЦ籸һҩÿһŷȥ
ŵҩָƣͣڷչʼ֮սһоƣֲۣ֧סʱ򣬱㽫ŵҩȥ
ҶЦſԷӵҩЧá
ץĵҩ뵵ĵ¾һ𶯡
⣬ѵѵ˼һεĵ񵤣
⼸Ǵ˵е£
ؾô
һһţֱδе̫˰ɣ
ҶЦ𺳵ƽһǾͽɺֱһҪע⣬ڶɺĹУ˶ˮӣħͷ٣νͻϮսԽǰսʤۿۡ
ǣ
̤ϴɽ֮󣬲ҪżչƣһʱԼΡҶЦ֣صͷӳħͷѵ֮ڣֱȷĿ֮ٷһٴݻ֮
һʶֹһ䣺Ҫô鷳ֱ֣ɽķתҲĵ
ҶЦǲ鴤һ£ԼŮɶʱҲôϲǸ˭ѧأԼòҲ̫ɣҲ̫ɡţ壬϶壬׽϶
ǹΥξԩûϵôͱɶʱˣ
ĵطȻ쳣ǿƷǿİ취еͨ
ҶЦıԴСѾͷͻ쿪ʵһ죬ʲô¶ǿƣҪˡ
Ӧбۿţͷðߡ
ÿһοҶЦԴЦСѾͷɵѾͷ椶ʵʱ򣬾ӦܻоԼĶڳ
ⲻԲǣǡһַ˼Υ͸аɣ
ҶЦķ޽٣ʼƣԼôˣȻһҲû뵽ܻأȻĳƷǿȿ϶ǿþˣֻ˵֮дʲôģҲѾɽˡ
νɽɺҲǣһƬ󺣵ʱһƬ󺣾ȻóϣɽȻǰһȴǻ˲ʱ䡣
ƫƫ⾹һһɺȻ˲ʱ䣬֮еȴǰҲޣ˻ӣǺϷȥĺŸ˷ӭһһȴǸɺκӰ죬ɺ̳˷ʱϳ֮⣬߾Ԥϵ˳
ҹ֮Уĺ֮Ȼǰе֪
ʱ֮ʣԭңңֵĴɽǰ
ɽ
ɽɽͷ
ɽͷϼڣĴֲϵطȻư岻壬ȴһ֪ʲô֡
ĸоν
ҶЦüǰ澰̲סһ
ԭ˵ģ
ͬ⼸ֵӦˣҶЦһĵ׷Ƶͷ
ɽͷϼã֣һΣ
ɽͷ޾Ӫͬرã쳾Ȳɣ
˴˽ӳ֣ͺһ޴ĶبʣȫɣʱȥʼûܹЩּȥ
⣬ֻѾֶΣѰϵɼֶΣ
һΣ쳾ȲɣҶЦһ૵Уһδѣ쳾ָѲ֪ٲɣޱ䡭
һʲôľ磿
ѵǴ˵еĲǿôΨ㲻ߣʸ˵ĺ׳ǿߣôɽǰһξꣿ
֮࣬ٿԶɽҶЦԼԼظоһ
һֲζ
ʹҶЦ˼ʸźԶԾɸоһı䡣
ɽǰ˾ǧѩ
ҶЦ˾ʹĵطȻ½
ҶЦһ֣˵֮ϣѰεĵطԼ
ڳ˶Ͻ伣ǱĶȴ켫ͬˮһˮɡҲϡĲݴԶһ£һо¹ھš
ҶЦصͷϽĺôˡ
ҶЦǰЩ棬ɢռ˴һ̣ɢӦ⻷¶ţǵĶЩıĸ߽߻ҪȻ
ⶼε֣֮Ǳ쳵ɵá
ҶЦһգȴѾ֪Ҫȥʲô
ҶЦȻһӰȻ֮У·һ壬ôʧˡ
ӰΣ
ݴеһ
ҶЦһǵԪ۷߲ʩչţ壬ȫڻ統ǰĻΧ֮УŨУڿ
һֵ䷨Ҫʤһ
һֽɫ󶼻ӶӦ˵ǣаףҾǰףǺڣҾǺڣȫ룬Ӱ
䷨ǰ磬ܹӰȴûΡĲΡ
û뵽ǰŲ칦ҶЦȻôͻƣ
ЦЦѾ˾ǰһǽ֮ˣɷ֮һ֮ͻ֮һˡ
ҶЦϲ֮࣬ĵȴĪطһɽ
ҡҪĲߣһЦơ
һΪʩչӰӰȻ޷ȫ޼ȴҲмܹƣԼҶЦƲᱻ˷ټһ˲ԸоԭԼڵģɻӰ֮һϰһֱͻȴʼղһδͻƵϰ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾʧ
ĵҲһƬ״γһתУеģƺʲôɱγɡ
ô£һԼΪʲôزԼģԼسϰԺԶлӰΪģϧԼȻӰ۷弫ޣڸһΣȴʼôһȥȴѾԼꡣ
ʹǺԵ񹦶ɱǰδеľ磬⻯ӰʼΨͻƻǴƿ״̬νǹڻ
ɴ˼ô£ôĪͻˣ⼸òҲûôͻܵиɣеԴͷɣ
°˼⣬ֱ˼˼֮ʣȴһϲ̨ͷͷʱһ죬૵ô뵽ȥˣͻƾ⣬Ҳø³Ϲϵġ
ûм˵ȥҲû˵µɶ£ȴԽԽ죬ȴѾ˵̫̫ࡣ
һ̵Σòɷ
һߵľӦЩҼ
ղͷ˲ȴ֮ǰԼں½ҶЦԼܵĹϵ֮ԼڵĹòƾʧˡ
ңԼΪҲ˴ȵľ
֮⣬òƾҲûܹ島Ϲϵļ
ʱԼһɶɶɶ
û׼һԼ֪ԵɵľҲǡΪ
ţɫͺ͸ˣе͵͵һ䣺ûеԩҡ
ҶЦѾȥɽ
һϢķ硣
ҶЦ¶ϵɽȻطһ£ɽɽȻȫǽƣ
ħ˵ĴֱʣǶһƱɽ
ΧЩƣѸоҶЦȷϣֻҪһͻ
һʹˡ
һ£ĵ飬Ǻ׷˿ģϾѾݾߣϾѾмѭҪεͻϮһҪϢķʽЩƣʸ̸
һ·ɽϣԾɱе״̬ϸȫǽƵĴɽüͷ壬ζ¶š
ɽЩħͷв֪£ɽױһһصؼ˶ٽƣ
벻ľ
Ҫȫ˵£Ƴƣ棬صλ̸ף
ҶЦһƬü˼
ɽ¾ĵģʲôҲûУһƬء
ҶЦȴ֪ǽЧȫֹ
һ˽ƣܻγɵˣ׵
ҶЦ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻǰһ

Ƭ֮һССİӰĿŵس֮УɽҰŻܡ

ʽ
ҶЦ˵ĿܴĽƣǶڶԣȴǰ޽ɡ
һֻСè󴥽ƶѣֵʲô˭ᵱ⣿
ɽ֮мܣһصĽƣȫϤײצһ˺ʱ˺һӣһ֮У˺ѣٳ롭
ɽɽ֮ڣΪܵɽ֮УͻȻ侯
ʽ־˷ļ
мλõһ¯Ҳɫ
ţѵд˴֣
һ侲֮УһڴĺȻ˫Ŀͬ׺ȥ
档
ÿж˷ӸԾӴķڿһȥ
ͬͻȻӥ
⣬вٵĺ˴ӸԷ֮󣬲û׷ȥȷ˷λĹ˲ʱ֮䣬Ѿս׼˲е


688 ޳
ħ¶ϮӦԣν˿ңѵأۣӦз˵˵ã
ɽּܣķݣòֺʹ졣
ķĻᣬɲ࣬һ£ǲġѵλᣬȫķˡ
ЩҰޱͻأһХ֮࣬ɢɱ
һײһȺçȺ顭ÿһͷ󶼱һȭڱϣçľǱǿףһ򣬾ͻ񱩡
ʱȺɽҡض
ߣһײһΧһ̣ͷƷ޵ıӾͷѪ׷˳ȴǶƤֱ˺һ顣
Ȼǡʨӣǻ
ɲǼ䣬ɽһࡣ
һЩλԵ͵ޣѾŲ·Ӵ
ЩֻҪϿӹɵĿֻž㹻ˡ
ڸ߽λߵвԶʤ࣬Ȼǲ֪ǷݵİӰʲô⣬ȴһΪֲΪϬ⣬ֱ̬⣬ԶԶ֮ܿߣ
ɽޱ
Ľƣ޳֮£˺ѡ
߿УҶЦĿһȴǿһطŨڣ졣
էһʵʵľ޴ʯȫ״
ᣬǿ˶ʯȴһֺͻأܹ̬ڷ컯ϸϲŷ֣ǿ޴ʯȫŨɣƽʱԹ״ֵһּ
ֻǣʵʯȴȱĻҪ档
˿էȻɢʯ֮ȻǿյġʲôûУƬ֮󣬴λ֮УдԼʮλ˲ӳ
磡
Ȼǡ̡ӳ
ҶЦĿ
Ƕһռأ
ʮ˲һʱͳɢֿ¶ȥ
Ƭ֮һ˷ɽݵĶʲô
˼ҲܣûнǰֱӶԣǷٵӽȥȷǰ״
Ǵ˼ôҲãԾֻһֻèһֻԾȫèȴèСè䣬ܰ׺ܿɰ
ϴÿνǲֺԣʱڶʱʱ˺ʱץʱȺʱ׷ͻ
˵һֻСè䣬˸ץʲôģȻ׷ϻðɣҶèСẹ̀Ȼǿܻ˵ùȥȺʲô
ûӣٶʵ̫ˣ쵽ݣಡһһأ˵ȺɶȺҲܳ尡ٶȣֲĵطλѹٳȺʵûиܵʵĳٶ̫ˣȺҵģǶĳѹ
ֻǶԼһ˵ѹֱӸɽ´һ㡣
ߵͻܾ֮£еظеԼڵֲĳޣθ棬ȻȻس嵽˱޵򣬸žһӿǱߵʨܵȺɽҰͿʼ׷𡭡
ЧԣԲֳչ
һͷ׸ߵĹܱ˳һ֮ԣʵ̫ˣʮɷԲô
Χģȫͷô䡭
ææµµ
ܳвĿûɼķۣѾһһȥԥ嶼ӳ֮ǰݺݵһצӡͽѴˡ
Ȼתܣ
ܵǰವһ͵˺󣬺ܵŴ۾ǰѹѹѹϢȺ׵ɵˡ
Ҳܡҵ衭治Ҹɵġ
̫ԩˡ
⣬ǧƵ϶׷϶ļ٣Ȼֻ׷Źչ񱨳
ֻèͷˣȻͷĻʹ
ܷŹ
ǧХ
һ̣ܻƨһתҶˣһߴеıʾԩһ߻Ų·һ·еҳ壬䲻֪˶Ұ޵أͳͳɢĸŹһ·Ӵܡ
ѹѹһ䡭ÿһֻͷС
治ͨ䣬׵ľ䣡
Ǵ˵еְ֮
޶ǰܵͷܺ޵˹ͷǲ֪أ͵ۣԻʲô˰û˹ܣҲұһأզ͸ô񱩵أ
ǰܣȴίĿޣ̫ˣô׺ݵңθǱһϹȥģֱңҪĸߣһҪߣǾʮҷֵʱСɽСķѾǰˤˡ
һصһûüһڣͱ׷ˡ
ڲⱻ׷ҪǼǳǾһˣӦ֮ǰ뷨
ҡԾɳĲڣ䣬ǣֻǾһҪǶǸƱʮΨһźֻСҳһķۣҾԹˡ
桢źĳɱ
ǵصĻƣƣơ
ǸɫȺϵķӵ
ʵЩȻ;޴󣬵ʵǺܸߣģʽǵһһ£ֻһֻֻģڳ޸࿴һۡ
ڡ
ѽ
ǧ䣬ӿȺӵ֮ɽ磡
ǽλٸߵޣͬʱ˵ݣҲֻûɢӴܵķݶ
һֻһ£ҧҧܶȥʮֻأʮֻأһֻأֻءŶһͲþջ亹ҳԣ밡
ʹǰеļ˿һĻҲü۳鴤ȶӳ
⡭
Ѿǧ꣬νǷ֮֮ɽûκȥǣզˣģǰδеļܶԱ
һֻֻ״̬۾˰
Ϊֻô
ţֻܲʼٸߣʼٸֻСèΪֻèŭ䣬״ޱ˹
ôһˡֻСèһֻè
ôһֻʲôè
ʲôèȻĵӣô
ۿֻèȻնܱ߽ܱ֮࣬߱ܵķ򣬷ȺҲ֮ǺҲŵ򡭡
֮ķ򡭡ţȻźվĵط糱ˮһ˹
ţӦ˵޳
ϯ
Ҳܣ
һĿֱ̲ⷢסѿھһʲôôôġͳˣ
ߣ
Ϊ׵ĺһХɶ¡ֻèͷޣЩԣƶٶҲ죬ѣɣֻһҲͣˡţǻ˻ȥƸԭͳˡҲǱߣ澡ȥȷû˾ͺˡ
µʮɫ׵ͷææܣһӰֻèһ·صľȻܵǰͷ
ƺǻŲ·ˣɲɵһͷײԭŨγɵĴʯͷĿռ֮У˵㡰ɡȥͽȥ£ȻϾطһ
漴šಡһʧ
èĽȻģǣܺȴǿ
仹ͷ˭ɵˡ
һ仰ÿһͷ޶
и󶴣Զ䣡
һ䣬ֱģ
Ѿ÷ûǵȺǧ򰡡ԽԽడ
èǰĳǿ޶֮ΨֲҵСޣֻɽϣίʵĸǸؽ綼ܲ˰
šֻɫȥǸڣȥͿˣ϶ǺܵĵطǸӦûܰȫɡ
Ǻ޾Ƿһ˹
;ϵޱ׷ϵ˴ҽЩﲻҽӴʹǰһֻֻһͷͷһƥƥ߾ܵļӿٶȣΨһڡ
۰װ׵ľӰէ֣ӰӰһֻèѾڽڲʱһ㶣漴šۡһͷҲ޷˵ײ˽ȥ
ˣ죡
֪ãһȣһɽؾ
ĺҲ׷չٶȣ˽ȥ˼ĵ׶ڷݣȥ֮ҵһʱҪҵһֻèһôġˣ
ûκһ뵽һֻèһֻСè䡭һֻСèȻܹôƻ
̵Ρǿ۽ˡ
жô롣
߳ȥȻһʱȥرƣǹرҲҪʱĲǣرƵĹУƵ޳˹ۡһ춯ֱͺ½һ㡣
գգ۾ֻȥŻ֮С
һ̣Ʒռ俪ʼպϡ
໡
һҽУ
λһ˻ͷѭһɵһ亹һ´˳
һͷçԳҽУĸˮ״Сڿ趯˾ȴΪ̫˶ڱպ֮еƼסˡ
çƤƣŲ´ˤҲƲķԣǰ޽ɡ
߽޶ϣҲҪߣ
çзȱݣһƶٶȼȴӲĵطȻӲ˼㣬ȱȴҲԶ׼ӡ䡢к󡭡ɶſ֮ڱελãѳˣ֮һһ䣬Ӷ֮У˺
һͷçķ£ν֮Ӵ
˼ͷçɲɵؿϣȴǽڱպϵĿռ䣬Ӳĳסˡ


689 룡
çƤʹε˵ã伫ޣĶλøǼҪ˼бϵزҽУϵ֮࣬ȴǽ˲ãѡ
رŻһռỺպϣλȴһֹͣçȴҲֻԽңأçסŻ϶յޣˮһ£·Ͽصء
¡¡¡
⡭զ
Ϊ׵ĺ˼״һӾצӣһȻҪȥͷçʬçȻƤͣмޣֻҪԪʵǿԽ֮иģȻ˼ȴһĵԶţǵصһѷҲƵغ۾˽
ռڣһɲǣױȺû
ȻֻƬ̵ʱçſľ޴ѷ죬Ծɳֻ䣡
кͷƤ׷顣
һ̣Ȼȫ֪ôˡ
ʱһܽһն
ȴɽ֮פصĺ¸־ʣŭ
һȺ
ĺ˴˼ȻǱסŭɶ
ʵղҪ˷³ǰͷçʬն飻һͶᷢٲݱ䵽˹ӵ̬ƣ
ƫƫһ̣ڳ˾Ǽסˡ
ƽĶۣ䲻ǵͽ֮Ҳռ˸ƣǹǰֻҪеԪΪԻȫʱھͻƲϣֻҪŻȻرգһ룬Ҳޱ֮ľγ̫Ӱ죡
ϧһں˾ӿ룬ĵʶԶԿӵȺԼʵӵԶԿ䳱ʵڶʱڿɱݡ
ںϮıܷӦľ֮ȱΪ֣
ȴ͹ľҪԣ緵صʮеһ䡢ƽ졢֮Ǻ½һһɱ֣ڵһʱȷжԼӦĶд㶵ķӦһɱֶԣһ˲ĴҲ·ˣ
˭һȥȴҲǱɡ
Ϊľ죬ûڵһʱվʱݼš
ȺͷѾ˽ңԴԴϵ½
ɽȵĺ췢ָϹʱ״Ѿһ൱ӵ״̬
ڲʰ
ǺȴΣңӦԵ壬չһ֮ǿƳȺޱħչĵȻĿǰصصѾֻ࣬ҪܹŻԾɿԽ״ڶʱƽȫаգԼԪƷǿʵȫסķҧֵ֧ͷçʬرŻƽϢⳡ粨
ϧ䷢һһɲǣȻһХ

һһĶϺȣȻ𣬽űһǳҲƵĺ󽣹⣬Ӹ߿֮кȻ

ʩչһ֮УȻ⺷Ȼһֱӱ߽⣬ȫ
ǿռѷ֮һӰ
λһȻ
Ҫ˽Դ£Լȴɧ£ֵһˡ
ҶЦ
ƶٶȼΪçܹɲɵسڸÿȻӲɺϣҶЦֽš
һͣƵƵصէ֣ѵЦôȻҪƶ𣬽
Хδ䣬ǱߵѾڷٸҶЦʩȻһֻһ֮ȴѾǺýɢɢ
Ǻ˲ҽһһѪ͵һɲɣõȺС
漴һĲҽУԼ˴̼ĵķʽֲ
ֹУʤУղһƴĻѾҶЦϤɢԵ䳾ֱһ⣻λ䳱ˮȥһ˲䣬׵䳱ˮʱмǧֻݺݵϣ
˲ʱʹʹ֮һԸɵĳء
ۿһĻһɺˣ⣬ȫǻòСȶӶת
ʵֲ̫ˡ
ҶЦһһ˼ʾǵռѷŻ֮ǰ
ƫƫӹȴȫӶԵĳϿȡ
ԭȴǼˣӰԸݵǰ״˵ı仯˿̵ҶЦȴٲһʯϢ޻ȺεĿ񱩣ȴҲһʯչΧȻֻӶ
ҶЦܵȺɽ֮Уȴ֮һƬĩ
ص֮ˣէϮһʱ䲻֪Ӧԣʱ뾪ʧ״̬֮С
ȻҲвֺ¸֣侲Ӧԣȭƾзâչն䣬Ⱥʵ̫̫࣬ǧѾɱ֮ˣ澹ƴ۵ĳֻΪ
ǵķȫǸŪˡ
˳˺ޣ죬ݣ
ҪôȫҪôȫֻ꣬һˣ
ȻѾˣΪ޶
ǰͺ̡ķƣҲˣƷģŷģ
֮⣬ҲˣҲǱƷģŷģУΪ·ݾصľ񲡭
ֻ֮Ƕ̶̵ʱһƬԭɽȣȻĿѪȵ˼
Щڽѵǣ죬ȻҲ׷ܳһӭͿѪһĻǵľ֮ǰĺв㣬ֱӾǻ飬ֽű
⡭զ£
ƬصزǾ԰ȫԲϮôʲôؾ޳է٣Ⱥ裬Ŀɺ죬ѪȾأ
ԶַŭĳХ߰ӰԼϹ
Щħ߲㰲ľŴԪ۷֣
˵ʵڵģղɽеĶĵһʱ䣬ǾѾӦˣȴûе¡
ôˣûʲô£ԶεĶҲû̫ϣһȾã߿Խαʵһȴ֪һΡĺʵ̫𺳣Ȼһӱô©
ǰ̬ƣѿ㸲ع֮أ
Щ֮־ŭ
⼸һƶʱһģһ棬Բӿ֮ƣӴȺһ·ű˶˵ҶЦȥ
ʲôˣڴ˷ˣ
ȺüҪѪ
˴ǹϵħƵĸ֮أ񣬾ȻĪ¹ʡ
䣿
è
ܣ
޳

Щ֪ν˵ʣŸѪĶˡ
ⶼʲô
ҶЦ쳣Ÿˣ˭Ҫˣ
Ÿغ˷ǵΪʥľҲǵпɱȣ˴һԲϣ֪תأʱŵ⵶ͬ
˼çϵҶЦһЦ֮࣬ǳֻӻֻת˰Ȧȴ㺮Ǳء
ǹ°
ЦһĿһͻȻһЦҶЦ
Ц
ЦУ
ҶЦֳ徣سĵһսǻ䷨ڴ˼Ѿʲôܣһǳо⼸Ȼʱ˳
ֻһƣȴжһݡ
ľһ£ڵȴһ£ҶЦǿУ졢䷨һĨ죬սħѱ鴫
½µһ֣ЦҶЦǰ
ǿУɲ˵ľȣģ
ʱ˿̣˸ƮƮ߷ɹ
һĻ˵ĳνޱȾ޴
ײϡ˾ݵ䣬Ϊʲôƫƫأ
һХһİӰӿռ϶еˣ
Ҳһ´磬û취߳һϮ£Ϊ𣬱¶ţϧҲҪ£ҶЦû˹أֻˣ
һӦԭû㴩£ȡȨȻǲϸ˺ģҲ˰´磬ֻڰ֮⣬һۣǷڶ塣
лӰȻŰҲݱ֣ӦⷽȴĲȴҲֻѡ
һƮƮ˴ҶЦһӶȫͣûԵľŸˣԳɽС
סɽλõĹȻֻҶЦһˣһ˾Ѿ㹻
ǰص㷴ǸϽȥȷһ´˵ػûڣеĻһҪ֮زܷһˣΪǰҪ
ס
һ˾ֻüһ仰ѣǱȻݡһǰʧˡ
ƶٶֻ»ҪҶЦ֮ϣȴܹģ
һں˻δüչֳʵϲ½һӰٻӰ֣֮ȴǳȥָۣ´ľӦԼһѧı֣һӹȻ˵Ƿ磬˵һƬƣѸԶ
ŮҶǰģܴ˭ź£ԼҹڶıŮޣȫհӦְ£˼ѾûмټҪǷźҲ֮ʧȥ壬ƯŮȻҪתذ´磡
ľŸΪ׺˴˼ѾҶЦɱһʱȫֻؿ˳˽ȥһǴ˿̲ȫţδر·硣
ǿǰЦɱתΪȥˣôֻ²ԼˣԼΪ¶λãȻһ͸Ѫ
Цǰû˿Դ⡣
һ˲κһϸ΢ݱɰĹؼ
ȫȻ⣬˿̵ɽ֮ڣѾһϡҲƵĻҡ
׷ɽڵҰޱص÷ˣԸ䣬תعɽе࣬Ұﻹ˼ǰԼƥеļͬŹЩɽ֮е֮࣬ԻȹҰޣĿǰҰѣ
ߣЩΪϸߵģֻܴһЩЩлȻʱɱȣЩΪϵ͵֣ںܶݵʱһأбݹˣһǻͣһֻƤһ㡣
ңÿ˵ƤҶһɫ
øһһĻһ춾䣡
Ƕս״˽ȽҶЦˣղȻҲԲͷ޴ȴҲû̫⣡
Ȼ֪ǣɽȻ춾Ĵڡ
춾䣬ȻɱµķҲƷ޵ȼȴǵУȾǰ֮УѲ֮һ䶾죬ֻһֻҪԪεΪͿ˹ңǴ˶ȴۻ֮ԣҲǶűݴۻǱݳٴΣôϲ㣬ǵԪߣҲҪһǱݴ࣬类ӵĻǵԪߣҲкܴ
ڶ춾ķǿʮֻʮֻĹģֻҪʱ䣬£ܳǧֻֻĹģ£
춾ǿǳУֻҪеʲôĵˣǿĴҲãݲҲ֮ǰŪ˷䳲ԷѾܵ˶ĸߵΣȴ׷ĸԭڡ
춾ϲϲݷԳǿĻֳܱӵ
ħ춾ĴҲǲ֪ʱ֮ʱ춾Ѿ֮ˣѳɣ֮ףֻҪ֮ల£ȴҲҪ춾γɴɽһϵǴ˼ʣ춾ΪҪ׷䳱ǿϯħصأԱ֮
췢־侹Ȼ춾䣬æǧע⣬Ҫص㱻ҲҪʱˣܱγ𣡡
һѾһصĲ¶ڲͣģ˼ֵʾȻȥЩ䡣
ھôʱս֮ȻεϬȴҲѾ˺ٵĳ̶ȣϾɽ֮ʮڣҲǳصġ
ħԣ춾ȷʵȴǲսҲûˣ
ⷬڱ˴˶ȫ׼ǿƼս֮£ǰͺ̵أѾѲܹЧɱȴȺռ˱ˡ
˼صڲ
ȴǶڲϵǣǶʲôأϽϰǵǸϰûôվߵôǵϰǲЩõģЩزͣķôǸϻʲôģ첻ôȻˮᣬ˵Ƕ˲
˵ǽһ˸߲ҡ
޿ֻСèľ
ھһΣ֮࣬γɵλѹѾûʣʲôˣѹεǿᣬͷҲһǶѾһأ˼ʻҪʱһغ״ޣΪǻںֻСèô
һĵУһȫ¶ӡ
ٻͷ룬¶ȫѾĸĺòã㽫Ǽ度ھȻɶ¶ҲûģȵزˣȻ伫
ûġ
Ѿĸ¸ǲ
ҲҸһˣ
ǰХӦˣڵһʱͼԼǿɱУһ·ɨȥ
ռѷŻ֮ǰ
ҶЦǳȻһ¡һ죬ԭŬ£պϵĿռƣʹӦ顣


690 ħ
ͷç󱻿ڰеһҽУȴǵ˽ţֱֱ׹ȥ˸ӣçۡһڵϴ˸µļβһˡ
çߵ״׸˾̾ΪֹçܵƾѹѾ൱ˣҶЦȻһȻݻƣç󣬵ǸУƱҲвççȺܴȻݣݷίʵ̾Ϊֹ
ε̾Ϊֹӳçֻһͷ
󱦱ˣʵ̫ˡ
Щͷžīڵʵֲ̫ˣĿ⿴ϣһҪҳζΪҿô̫ײˡλӢİ´磬ʱҡǺˣףԸܴǡ
ͬʱҲǱ
һҪ񳯣
ҶЦڿƯϾһƬ㶨ĵĮɱڲϵۻ
棬أڲıҽС
ħŴֵϾ¶̷ɫͻشһŸ˻ͬʱŨĺ
һаζʹɢ
ħ
ħէ֣ҼɢͬʱŸ˵Ҳڽڽһ̵ĲȻ·ûоͷһ㡣
ҶЦǿƣ֪ƾʵΪ϶ϲǵ֣һǽصħޱȴδûʤ㡣
ǾֵħԴ󣬵ɱۣܶҪʤһĨ䷨
ҶЦʹսʤ䷨ԼһĨսȴԾδܵħԴһ
ʤܣһ
ҶЦ˫ųɭĿעŶŸԲƣн⻪˸ȴûмʱ֣Զ׼ڵȡ
ҪһԷħԴ֮һܹܵʲô
ǰŸˣΪ׵ΪԪƷ۷壬ʣµȫͨƷΪľŸˣʹǺϻҲԶҶЦвȻ˿̣Էһħ壬ȴҶЦҲоѹ˲ʱ󣬽һԼҲҪеΣĳ̶ȡ
ҶЦԾɾҪһԷħ˼֮Ƚ״µʵΪൽж
һΪο֮ĶԵش
ٹƬ̣ľŸѾֹͣƵȻ⼸˷ǵƱǣÿеıһֻɫһ㣬ɫ
ͬʱһаĺľ㤸оȻϮ
ҶЦۿǰľŸˣ̲ס̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
Ÿ˼ħԴʵȻȴҲȻȫħ״̬֮Уݣ͹ǣ⣬⻹
ŸȻޣһХǳ֣ĿֱָҶЦ
ԶԷǶȫϮҶЦȻأȴҲ˿Хһ֮࣬չܣֱֱĶžŸ˶Գ
ȻҪȫ˽ħԴܣʲôʽܱƴøأ
ҶЦͬļֻǳһĨҲƵѤûʡ
ɱҶЦһ
һͻ𲢣˶ǿ
ЦǳŸϾѻǿƽӴһ̣ԭޱĺҹ˲ʱתΪգ
Ÿ˵ǺϻŨĴħһ˲䣬øɸɾࡣ
Ϊֵĳĳͻ𲢣Ȼֻһʼûгûи߳ûмޣֻһ˲ľޣ͡ˣ
һȻ˲ŵеҶЦûٲͷƮڵϣϺһжħ˵ͳͳɱ⣬ɱ⣡
һ£صɽȵĵ˱ͲǶ֣˿̸Ǳɽ翹ضѲ棬ֻʣһ浹ɱ
һ಻ĲҽͬʱޣҶЦƴһеǾŴ֣˼ľһ㣬ڿо壬ȫ׵ؿʼؿʼֱһصѪ顣
̣һֱı˶սֵ;ӦûзҶЦô֣ô֣һƴ˵˳Щ˼˰ɣ
ҶЦֶŻָһƬʣЩп
ʱľƷ۷ԼֻһȴҲҪһսһȡʤܾˣڣԼһԾţڶԷħ֮һɱ
ⲻǵ̫Լ̫ǿˣ
ˣҶЦڶԼӵеǿʵֱ۵֪
߹һȵĿҶЦλսôģ
ҶЦصʬ壬޵ĹħĪĿЧ˾˵ıΪԶ£ʹħԴ壬Ҳ޼£ֻᱻҿƵĸӳףĲ죬ȻֹڴˣҹȻʤȯգȴҲδʤףϾǾǺۺܻҪһĨ䷨֮ϣǱΪԶңΪҵ΢ȫƺ⣬΢ƣȻ󷢶ӰħԴħһɱ꣬սˣ
˼ĵͷǱ岻Ϊ΢ƺ⣬ҿ⣬˵ղͬʱʹ΢
ǡ
ҶЦҸоͬʱʹţҲôΪѣʩչΪҵĶϸǵӦ֣ΨԸǿ֮ʱѡʩչʱԼĥܴﵽʹָĲΣ˵нĿռˡ
ͷоһƬϲ
ҶЦڵĽѾԽԼУֻи˻
ˣ
һϲãöҶЦЦšһѣɫɫĵǵȻȻĺܣиʽϾٿ۽磡
Цˣһ¡
ţˡ仰òƲǰı˵ģ
ѭһתͷӦһζ
ʵڸղţ仰ոճֵʱΪԼſ˵ģתͷȥӦϷʵԼʱ̲סһ죬ݺݵذĳһۡ
ȿȿȡҶЦԼȻķԸٶӰѾس׻ȻȫԱҽɽ뺣
Ըһ֮󣬲תͷʾӦ˰ɣ
Ӧ˸ۣҾɶðҲûϧңһֻԼඣɼ
ҶЦȿɫԵõɼҽϾȥϧ㣿
ȥģ㻹רϧ檰ɣӦһ죬ȥ

һҶЦһӴɽ
˹麽Ĵϡ
ҹ麽󴬽Զ뺣֮ʱϵ˾ۼ֤˵һĻԾ֮еĴɽһ֮һּ仺ٶȣŴ֮Уسȥ
ˮεûɽϣϵĲӡ
ֱɽȫ˺ˮ֮һ쳣޴İڴнӿ˼Ѿʽʮ֮Ĵ󴬣ҲƷˡ
ӴˣҲûдɽ
ҶЦվڴͷȻŴֻƽȣ⼲ɶȥ
ĿעԶˮгֳľ޴У˵ΣʹεĹʼղǵΡ
仰ƺָ
仰ˣһ˼ĸп
ҶЦһ£һƤ
дţһصλá
ɨصջ
﷫ϣֱȥһҲˣЩŻĵؽ磬һһ
ҶЦЦһתͷ봬ա
Ц⣬ҲĪɣ૵͵þȫ޷ĵز
ǵģ˵ΣҵΡ
ΪԶᣬһǧꡣ
Σ˵Σ
ҵΣߣ
ߺܶࡣ
һϦ֮䣬ϯħսͻȻ죬ؿ
ҶЦЯɽһ۵֮£պ󣬽һħػٵ
⻹꣬ϢӶĽ

󷽲֪߷֮ϡ
ǺˣƺѾվǧꡣ
ϣŴصľյƻѾյˡһֺȫ亹
ѾĴȷϸôɫ
ǵģԷѾǵȷ鱨޿ô̵ʱڣ鷢СֺЩĿźˡ
ԺƺĵȼһŹȴûϿ˵
ϣǸüʱչжһķŭô𶯰ȥǵЩأͻһıԷϤȫ𡣡
˵ĿһۣԾû˵תͷȥԶİơ
ӴҪ£ǻѪŽµĻҵ
йƺͻۿ۾ǰȼգǵĵڶ̳ɶˣ
һ¶һ˿־壺Ѿɡ
ҼǵòǰŸ˵ҪһʱղɣΪʲôʱȻӿôࣿɭɭʵ
ֻΪӵʱЩ
ԭԶ׼ֻΪԱ֮ħǣȫȥ˼̳֮УȻȻļӿˡ˵Ŵأȫ˿ɵڶֻ̳ܹȼ̳֮ƵжΣĩˣô
еĿ־ζԽԽŨң̲סĲ
ȻԷ¾Ըɼ̳ȣôͽԷ֪⼸أҲ취¶ȥ˺ɫһ쳤̾Ƭأʼջ̫СˣҲˣ֣ӵˣ꣬һȴҲֻܴﵽ̶ȡʵ˺ţζ
ӵͷٽӻ
ȻҪ֣֮Ծͽף⼸ظ֮ǰΧ֯ЩҲͳȥ
ֱǴ߻ɥӣ⼸仰֮䣬Ҫʮߣ
̳һʼʽҲ޷жϣжˣʼͶҲҪһˣҺγô쳣ʹ쳤̾ϾҶǸҶֵѽ
ۿֵǾôв̣ȴֲ֣ܳҵʹ࣬˭֪¼ȨȨȡᣬ˻˵µͷʹ˾ͷǷʹѵͻô
˳̾һԱѾγϡ
ӻһ¡
һ̣оԼݶҪ½
˻˵ͷʹ಻٣˵̫Ư
ʹ˵ٹûʣ̫Ưʲôã
Ҳ֪ǶֵܣҲ֪Ĺôꣻʲô֪㻹һֽ·
һģĮؿȥ㣬ֻ̾Ϣôһ䣺Һܣ
ȣ
ȫң
Ҹȫҽ
ȫʹ࣬ھΣ
ӺҪһ䡣
ҡ
Ĳң
ӿһɿ־壬֮ͬǰĿ־塪
ȻΧȫˣ̳ȴûɣһͶȥģǲǾҪԼЩˣ
ǰ֮ˣԼôԼΪʲôеǰ֮ˣѾˣһͷħһͷͷβħ
֪ʱĵת˹עŰӵעۡ
˵۵޵̶Խκ̶
ں£ʵ
ǡӻһ飬۵һ£ͷȷʵں£¶һȻľη
η˵ظһΣη
Ȼ̧ͷԶȥɣҽ鶼á


691 ׼ܹ
ļ£ֱӾͱһ࣡
ħһӦȫع⣬Ȼ˷ħ֮սڽһʱȫħŴأ׷顣
ڽŴصĹУַ˵Ŵ󳬼֮еΪħṩʲԴǺ߼ңңңλгǰ׵ңʱ˷Ʈҡ֮С
Ӧѩ˼ΪܡΪϵŮǰȥ֤ʵ֮ң֮䣬
֪Ƿǰγܲ࣬мħȾһΣȴƹ棬⼸䳾
ħ¼׶ȱȻչս˷Ĵսȴֽλ£
̣һŴһһĶ
Ѿͼذʱ
Ϊ֪ħʵ˵ʵֻʣ˶ˣ
̫˳ʵ̫˳ˣⲻӦðһﲻԾûô˳ѾҶЦηĸпˣ
ƳŴصʱҶЦе˶Ծ׶ɣŴأħ֮ڣôᱻôĽڽĹУߣʧ΢΢Աǵ͵÷ָԶԶԤ룬ʵ˳Ĺˣ
žͷ˸ߡ󳬼ңΪħṩԴЭΧشȻȴӦѩŮǶȥ£ǰ󲻹գ֤ȷҳĨ
Ĩħ󳬼ңһδʤҶЦٶȷƵĸпϧп֮δ䣬ħȾˮ桭
ٶ˳ж֮ҶЦȷˣһ⣬ǰǲӦóֵ״
ûܻô˳
ݷ£Ӵ˵ĳаħ֯Եж̣Ȼȫûγκĵֿͱôķֻ߽⵽ȵزħǰΧ֮˵Ŵǰ漸·ͻȻ䲻˵ùȥǺأµļأ󳬼ңħǣĶڱ˵ĹУûеõκԮġ
Ҷ˵ҲƵָоѩüͺǡĳ˷޾ڳõϤһӴĵ۹ȴֻǵţȴһضʱ̲𣡡
˵̲𣬲۹Ĵ塣
ΨˣܽµħΧȻڶ֮ڣع⣬Χ˵ĹУ˱ս֮⣬δõκԮǸǱӡǰ״ħ߲ϣģ˵ǵĿꡣ
ѩüͷǣδҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ѩⷬ˶ͬУ׷׵ͷ
֮˶Ͻ˴ζ֮һʱԵ֡׼ս۵Ĵ㣬ս²˳⵽ħ˷ˣ۽Ա趼£δ˼ʤǰܵ׼籸ã˼˳ֹȻϲޣȴ˼˷˳ıǲıڶԷֱʵͼף͵ǰ̬ƶԣ飬ȷֵԸˡ
һսǴʮ꣬Ҷ֣Ψǽô죬ǰ󲻹꣬ȻѾƽȵزȴ˶ħľȫĲˡ
ںЩҵôֺαؽαôꣿ˿ľӪֻΪ˱һ֮
Ǵʲôطǽͨһ¡
Ϊ̬ˣֻǣںδأĿأ
⣬ҶˣԴͷһͷˮԴ
һȻʱֻᾲҶЦ󣬲ϾĹٷҶЦ檣˵ȴϵģа׹ӡŮǰԾɲϣǿͷôҶЦķУ
Ͼڳģиɵţϣѩµɢޣһ٣ҶЦǷⶼãȹԼء
ȻһΪشĹؼǾǡģƹźͳǡ
ôŮţ˭Ҳ벻ʲô룬һ˵ĻôƹĳϳĿԣɾ̫ˣ
뱩¶Լͷβ롣
˵ֻҪԼ֮µһҸСŮˡ
޹ء
ҫ޹ء
ֻҪһΪŮ˵Ҹ
Ѿ㹻
ȴƮƹƣĳ˵ݴڣûתռ䣬ͺЩֻбԲ
ڣ˶ڤ˼룬̲סҶЦ󣬵˵ۺ֮ǰ鱨ܣ᲻ǾҪˣԽԽãЩǵˣǡԼˣ
ҶЦ¶Ȼһ
ͻȻ˵һ仰
ÿһ̳ҪвǧԪߵԴѪܹ꣬߱λ˵Ŀֲ
˵һ̳ȫɹҪͬȼ߸ߵȼѪԽһ䣬ɡ
Ŀǰֻеһ̳ȫ濢ɣȫ湹ڶڶ̳Ѿ߳ҡ
ǧԪߵȫѪ꣬ܽһ̳ΣҪټǧΪʵһѪ꣬ܳ깤һ̳
Ҳ˵ҪϹǧԪΪȫɱܽһ̳
Ÿ̳ĳΣȻĹɣʹپãҲûϵһһ̳ʽ깤ͣôļҲҪ̵ʱ֮ڣɣ
һмжϣôƱӰܴ󡭡
Ҳôԭ򡭡

ҶЦзһ˿һ֣֪ˣ
˵Ŀⶼ˹
£԰˼⣬ЦȴΪԼŮһ仰ȫͨˣ
ŮǷ̫߸һЩأ
ţڵص㣬ǸϽоֽ׶εصɡ
֪ħ𹹽ļ̳оŸ̳Ļ죬ͼ֮ʱһЩҲûϵӵһ̳ȫɿʼôĽ첻κεͣ٣Ҫڼ̵ʱ¾Ÿ̳ȫ˲ܷЩ̳ܷӵá
ħ֯һֱǵռĿ꣬ʵǾŸ̳ȫܷ֮ӳãǰ֮ǰκﶼҪ·ԡֵǰ״Ȼ㣳Ծмѭ
̳ҪҪֱ꣬Ͳ¡
ڣƾԼĶɱЧʣѾԶԶϽȣֻ辶Լ֣ϾԽĻۣӵеĿǼ֮ɹ۵ģϾԼˣԼеִԾͽЩɡȻѾȫʻôǵˣһɱˣΪħĿֶλᵼֱӻع̳
ۺϵǰ״ȷϣڶħ߲㣬ǸħԣѲǽҵǼ̳ȫɡԣںǵɱǶˡ
ڣǷϣɱԽԽáɼ̳Ľȡ
ɨģΧǵĺʵ֮ˣ
ԣͳȿ˼˼
ǺܴΪṩ鱨ȥɱ
Ҳǰһֱ֣ΪʲôЩ鱨ôסһôļʱȫ޴©Ϊħ͸¶ǵģȥɱģҪǴǴﲻЧ
ǽ˶ɱˣҲûʲôֻҪֻҪħŸ̳ôʤߣ
ҶЦɫյóĽۡ
һѵѡ񣬶ԷЩʼѾΪħƱҪɱ
ѩü˵ǲɱȻĶɱˣȴֳħİףɾǾŴ̳飬ôѡǴģ׸ôƾ֣
Ҳ볤̾һ
䣬Ȼᷢ飬ɱҲУɱҲУ
׼Ľѡ
࣬δи壬Եǰ̬жϣԷΧѾɨ˲ˣ˱ˣν׷ڣʣµЩעʲôˡҶЦһȻ̬Ѿչ˹Ծһֱ
ֱֱӽԶ״ذƮ
ȽҶЦȻԾɼԵĻôֻ͸ΪսƷ佫Ĵβʱ֮ٿΪս¼Աʧ͵ܹǿսħϲ㣬ħ𣡡
ȻǿмԸȴҰóѣֻҪڲʱǰ󷨡ƷΧ֮ڵܲڼ𶫵ֱ֮࣬ӽ󷨵ܣضԪҲ֮ľ֮УҾͲţ¡ħ̳ܹյⲨߵϡ
ֻǶһ֮ǾҪԵзսǿݵ㣬ҹƣһսҺλһ֮УҵһսˣǶԶľ֮УȻɶԷľĲٲУڡԷ˶߼ˣˣΪЩˣͬΪħ̳֣ԡһۣǰδеļ֮սһҪ׼ڼڴвòսòʤɣ
ҶЦҲЩ
󡭡
˶ǵһ
֪ȫصһ󷨣Ϲһγɣκκε֮ڣ
Ϊȴƣǿƶʮǳĺܣָ֮£кһ򡣽ȫ
֮£ûκܹκʽݳƣ
˵ֱһ㣬ǼȮľҲҲûĻᣡ
ȫȫ׵׵ıһƬ
񶾵󷨡
û֮һ
ʵ̫ͣبԽҲѵһȻ͵˵Ƚϸߴһ㣬󷨵һҪԪأҲʹĳֻἫΪã
Ҫɹ󷨣ȴҪʮλԪƷּȫܣҪټһЩ亱ĵرĿβó
˵˲߲ɥ⣬ôƵļѶ֮ϣ˵İԵ
ǾôⶫפصƬǧԺ󣬶޷ǷҪء״ذʵ
¼Ȩǲд˼ˣ򣬴Ӵ֮ǧ꣬޷ðôҶЦƽطʵ
˶Ǹоһ
ҶЦĻȴΪ
һħ̳Բô򣬿Ҫˡ
ħ̳ڹ֮ǰҪټȱ˾ˣɣܱȻ޿ƥУΪħ֮أȨȡᣬεĶȻбҪģ
˸һƬĬ֮С
¾ʹ۶ˣ
ҶЦɾ˾賿мսﱸĸֲϡ龧˼ʱսΣҪв˽֮ģҲϣκε©¹ز޹ӣҪʮţгţṩһٶ䣻и֡
ҶЦҪĵرһͨԸñ˾һۡ
֮ڣȫԱҪϵɽǰպ֮ǰһҪ󣻵˵֮ʣչȫ湥ƣ
ҶЦɫһѪɱۣ֮ٶħаħһۣ
ǴһԤһ㣬˲ôڶ֮ս֮ľս
ʹ۶ҶЦ˵۾ǱĵϢרıս
˷׷׶ǰȥ׼ҪƷԴ
ƹһλϣ֮ǰ۾ǾɲҶЦһۣüĿװûпΡȻһﲻ
λҲڳŶȥ


692 ֮ս
ҶЦ˼Ѿ붨֮С
ҶЦת񹦵ĸת֮ѸγһУλӿ壬弫ɲ˵ģת޾ռ֮С
ҶЦ֪ԼʲôʱٽһףʱȴǿݵԼеЩˡ
ÿһת񹦵ʱ򣬶оԼ·ͻȻһ޴ġ
㺣̺һԶһôûе޵״̬ԴԼһγ֮ͱһ޵׶
˶鶼޷
ӵ״ɷֹҶЦһˣҶЦ֮ȾıҶЦԼ֮һΣǺѩֻǾӦȴôҲǱѾͷܻһȴû뵽ȻԼŲǰź״
ҶЦڴɽ֮ս֮ǰֵڴɽ֮Ҳʼ־״
֮ԼѩҲﵽΡ
һ֮󣬾Ӧڽ֮ۺ˾һҵѩ磬۲ѡ
ʵֺֹѩۣÿһΣ˿ǼʱжǳĽ֮ɫ
˽£״شοĶʦ˵ЦЦĿǰѾߵļ壬ӵз쳾ĵ̡״̬Ǵ֮󣬼ɵĻ۽׶Ρ
źüҪĹؿڵˣҶЦĺգҶЦֵܣ״ΨһĸоǡԼھˣҲǺЦȪ޺ˡ
ֻҪһ뵽ҶЦʷһ쳾졢ɾո´˵ĴϼֱζЦѣҶЦԼܹһ㣬һܹԼһֱӾ;Щѣˡ
ĳ޾ϲίʵܳܵĳ̶ȣ
⣬ǺʷٹҫҲǺӴԺǧ㲻˥Ļʯ֮ڣ

һҹ
ҶЦϥظγɵǵӿС
л֮еȻתתתƣԽԽת֮£ҶЦͷλãһϿխľ޴©޴©ųĿתһ˶磬ֱ֪ͨߵĸ߿ա
϶תԽԽ޴ԽԽǹ㷺
нӴǽӴһ޴磬һıҶЦĵ
·ȻƷƽ˾ʵڲ֪Զĸ߿֮ϣγһ޴ķ籩
˹߿գѽȻΪսӵĲӥȴڴޣͷӥʱɹӥգΪ£ȻڽӴе˲䣬ͻȻһĲҽУУһ̣ȴǼ̻һ촷һѪ⣬ɢ˦
ǱйҶЦоԼĵƺʲôڽγɡ
ָо쳣ʵʮǿңȴֳ΢ζ
һҹ
֮Ƶ磬֮࣡
ҶЦӦѩ
һΪžεĵطһСС磬ȴδ͡˳׷ϡ
ƽ졢仹ȴҪٲһ㣬ľ绹δȹ̣Ԫ۷Ϊδܵ磬ǵḷֻ̌Ҫһʱĥ£Ȼˮɡ
磬ͨ쳹أ𺳡
Ȱ񷣬Ծصĺƣм֤һĻ˶
һࡣ
ѩͷĽų磬Ϊ칬ţҲǱ칬ĵһ֣ϵ״ܣȻ˭ףʲôζʲô
֮ǱڶԵеķ棬ԼҲͬγЧӦ
ȻˣڣҲԴ֮ޣһԼм
һҶЦ״̬
ֻҪ߳һ͵̤ͬĴ㡣
֪еߵ֮УصԪ֮ɱʤĹؼΪԪ֮
֮ڵ֮УڵľͲ翵Ԫ֮һʵڣԴڣҲ⡢õŵʵ𵤣
߱ȫŽ֮ڣ
εΣϵķԾһ󲽣
ͨνġɷ֮
Ψ磬ӵͨ쳾ש
֮ûݴ־ûʸ쳾죡
ӵɾ͵ǿߣҲδһԼǰԼϣ쳾ǿ֮ǰһ

ѩĽʽӶˡ
Ϊ֮УԼɷС
Ǽһɶұȣ
ȻԲһδ˾磬ѡϹˣ
ؼĻУô㲻ûеô
֮ĽڱһѰɣ
ѩĽʣϲ֮ʣȴãȵฺ֯
ǰһ⣬˺쳾죬ҿôأ
Ȼ֪ǰ·ΪΣȴڡҵĻ̫٣Ҫߵһǳ˵Σ޷ʵ֡
Ҫȡ㹻ĻۣѰĵر岻󣬳ʥһһλпȫֲԼĲ㣬мһοȱǼֲġ
Ҫβ׷
Ҫȥˣָôأ
ѩ飬һʱʤǷϲöԺˣ
ҶЦչ³һ漴һɺƳһ೤ֱȥ֪˶ԶһХ֮
ӣ鼴ɵĲΣ֡һһͻƼˡ˷ܣҶЦɣȴƱԼнҪϲ
أҶЦʵ
ұȹȻҪ࡭̾˿ٻҪһϵʱ䡣
ǧΪԿޣһ̾ĺܲɣ
뵱һصʱ򣬹ӵΪԪұȹӸ߳͵ؼôԶĲࡣ
ν칲أֻ˵˵ڿɵáҾȻˡ
ûһöֻع棬ҪøԶ
ܸӡ
顣
ҶЦͷһ£ЦСѾͷƾĲ֪㡭һ̾ģ֪һΪѲ֪ɷ˶ˣ̾ʲô̾һ̾ǡò֮ǰΪƵġ
ۡոմ붨֮ľӦɿ⾫һĻ仰ʱ̲סЦ
ÿοҶЦ˵ھȫ¶֪ǻһƴȴȵķо
ʵ̫ˡ
ҶЦھӦ˼ʵĴЦȻȫͷԵģƵõʵЦʲô⡭Ҹղ˵ľ仰Цˣ
ôһ˵ҪӦı䱾Цúϲ£죬ҲǡۡһЦ
ŮЦû֦Ҳ
ҶЦͷƤ૵ҲûʲôЦѽЦɣ˵ѩһԭڻȥ˵ѲЦ
ŮԵʱһ㶣һ֮࣬ѻЦûˣӦҲǲΪ裬ЦݾǸ
ھӦԼһ±ͬΪȻҪҶЦȴ֪أһ±ȣ
ǡɱʱ顱һűĳƿˡ
ȴһ˽ֵܣмˡ
漴һ˴㶴㶵ģۣŮȴЦ쳣ɵҲǴΪ죬ʱʶԴ૵զˣɶô֡ѵòˣ
ûû¡û¡Ӧæסȴ̲סЦ⡣
ҶЦƵĿŮһۡ
治֪Ů˵Ƿʲô񾭣ؾͺЦЦЦһЦûꡣҲǻеΪҪǻͨˣʱЦöˡ
Ϊ˵һô
ղ˵ɶ¶ˣҶЦƵؿ̯̯ε˵Ů˷ˡֵȥ˵
һһʣɶ¶
أԴŮ˸ӷ񡢸޼ɵЦֱħ̶
ҶЦһͷߣ֪롣
Ҿ˵ͻˣͻƴˡ
ͻƴǺ£һѲʲôɣҶЦɵĿ˵ҲᴫȾҲŷˣ
ŭʲô裬ŷأҿ²żģۿź쳾ҵĽǰ̧̧Ҳȥˣҡৡһȥˣզأ
ҶЦͷɶզ죿£ѵ㻹Ҫѩһȥ
ɶզ裿ŭңҪǲզ裿һСɲ֪С֣ţžӿ׸˾Ųʮ
ҶЦһߣһСզˣѩҪСĻô껹ֵõ㣿ǰϹĥ
ĥզˣҾҪš
ҶЦ̯̯֣ұȥе֮˵ӵһȥϾǸȥǼֻϣĪ硭
ͷѾٸҷϻ˵ǹӣǸǲɡ
һＱǿҶЦʱμ˵ɶһԼ϶𸴾ҪɵĵУһҧһĵ
ǾͱϻˣתͷУţɣӦˡ
ѩӰӰƮݺݵһšסĶ䣺˵а취˵к⣬İ취˵СҶôԴˣȴôԴҡûĵģ˵ǲûģԼ˵㡭
һЦü˳۵ⲻôȻôô˵ôҪô˵Բ˵ʵû˼˵ˡҶЦСһСôô
ѩԭûͱˣǻĻͻ䣬ȴɶף˵ɶףָ̰СĻɫˣΪʲôˣѻ˵У⻰˵Ҫ˵һĵĻ²ꡭɶۣбҰ
ҶЦʵڲֱӵƫͷ̾ҪװһӶ֪֪״̬ͺϷĵڷһ˿ĲԼǶȻɽۻһһ˼
Լ֪զЦذŮӣֿһޡѾǼ۽ˣˣܰԼĿֽڱ˵ʹ֮ϣ˰ɡ
ǿЦӳһöȵ˺ˣӸˣϽʵȥɡ
û˵꣬һգǰѾû˵Ӱӡ
ȴѩѾȥҵطȥˡ
ӶˣȻϱˡ
ȻлҲû˵ҶЦĿࡣ
ԶԶһУһô
ҶЦֱתط
һôѵԳ³ϱô
Լʵ̫ã˵һɽݶһһĸǺԲںгģ


ҶЦӿ£һűӴ£һת֮£һɰۻ˲ʱֱʣ̫ͻؿǰңһš
ȴҶЦԱ֮ƹϡ
ĻôʲôʱȫҶЦ˵ˡ
۵Ŀĵضڰ֮⣬֮ɼ
ۣΪһʧⷽԲǧؽ磬˼ѾȫҶЦַֽΧ֮ڡ
ս֮ȷһʧ
ӦҶЦ
ҶЦͷ
Ӧ˵Ҳôģβ󣬿˴Դ෽棬ȻȺȺģȴҲǶѪҪٳ©ɾĶԲˣ
һ̣ҶЦһӣ˵ִ˷ŶڵķǱжȥ
ΨҶЦӦѩѩȴûʵǿҪ
ȱһˣ©ҶЦüͷ۾Ŀһ¹˪
㲻һôҪǽŰ˪ºŮСһ壬ȻҶЦԼò⡣
ҶЦһЦá
˪ºҲзùֻعһΪĿǰҲѾ۷壬ǽ˫޿ƥУĪ˵ʹҶЦԳ֣Ҳδؾ͸˵ܲʤȯҲΪˣǽͻƵʱҲҪͬʱͻƲ󹦸ɡ
Ŀǰö˾һؿ֮ϣٳٲͻƣۿҶЦ˶Ѹͻƣ˺Ůνļ٣޲ýԼһ١
ڿҶЦҪչжö˲һ֡ûﵽҪ󡱵ָоҪӲжӲĵʵȴǹŸġ
ҶЦٺһЦֿ϶ǻǿڵĹؼȴǣҲ֡
˪ºһ𣬳˼һ£֣سŵû⡣
󣬱ҫҶЦķԸһ䣬漴˸˵һӵֻһ˲Ĺ򣬾Ѿȥ˶Ͽա
Ŀ಻Ĺģ֮ȺɽﾹһƬžƺûκη
ȻҶЦȴĹ۲쵽ڶλãһ޵ĺĵ
еİ˸˸͸λҶЦռȨҪ֮λ֣߸ˣ¹˪ֻͬһˣռҡλÿһλࡢ诡ᡢ⡢˾ϤǷλֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ƾѾŲɡ
ǾƷҶЦһȣǳǹ˸ͬʱ߸һ֣
һ̣˴Ǻʩܣ߸λһ۳Ϊһ޼᲻ݵǿԸ߿Ϊ㣬Ѹ·䣡
УȻ֣ưޱȣƥ
Ͽգ֮ĺ
·Ķ漴ʱӦ䣬פϿȻһɫĹâϿգˮһ㵴
ȻʵҶЦ˾Ǻƽ֮ǰһ彫
һȵҶЦͷһѣǳٿ裬һ
һ󽣹⣬Ǹ֮ƣǿƺɫ֣һ㿰춯صıըȻɫֻ֧Ƭ̣ʹը
ǽǰźǾеȻɫֱ䱬ĵһʱ䣬ȫͣ޻ٵĳ˶ģ
¡¡¡¡
һﲻפǧɽ֣һʮɽ壬ͬʱɽɣľʯڿնֱ籩һ
һɽ壬ôҡţţĩͻأ٣
פڵнһ̳Ĺ⣬Ϥ̮Ѫ
ɱҶЦۼս棬޵һȵس˽ȥɱ䣡
߸ǻҶЦһգȻǽų˶פء
ɱ
𶯺ನδ˷ɱҲŵ֣׷״˷ɱפؽڳ˾ұը֮Ѿ׻һҴ֮˾δӦ䣬ͱ˷˳˸أ
ʱ
ʮӰڿնҶЦӭ˹
Ϊһ˷òϣһľŭӣǣΪҪҶ´˶֣
ǶңȻλıŭѾȥ˼
ʶЩˣÿһİ
ҵʣҶЦδش𣬷һһ㻯®һĹȦ£Ŀǹޱǻ˲ʱǧ﷽Բ
һԵǿȻ䡣
󣬷
ҸĴ𣿡ҶЦűɱʲôҪô
˼ﾡĲҽ˷ﲻѪ⣬𣬲֮䣬ʹš
ҴŭʲôЦҶʹɱֲֹҪҽź㵹ʩǴô
ҶЦЦһԭηǴ֮ˣñ⣡
һ˿ңŭ˲ףԵ޹ʽҶѵе˲ɣǴþȣ
ҶЦν˵ϻҿ˭ɣɱ
Էеһ˿ҲҶЦʧȥκοඵȤȻҲϣǾɱϣ˵ץ˵
ڰѷǷʵᣬν
ҶЦһХ˸ҿȥ

һӰбһգȻҶЦȫһһӰҶЦǰѡŭһҶЦĴ潫ֹڽգսһ
ҶЦˣһЦѽһ˿ȷ
ΪէȻҶЦһˣ֮ǰµһ֣䷨
ֹҵĴࣿʵµһˣʸ˵ôҲսһ
һȦѽ䷨ͬʱԼȻ֮Уһ
˼Ŷ־µĸ߽߽սԴһڣ
ħԴħ
ҶЦһ
漴һХѳգк쵶էȻ˸Ŀļȹ⻪֮ԵеһϤѪˣ׼һ϶˴ǿƳһɿռ䣬һǱ˶֮С
һ룬ǺȻһͷ䣬ֻš䡱һȻһֱ֮ӽɵƤϷķϤ
淭֮һźһߡ
һХ֮࣬쵶ƻֺɽ磬һգ۵ĹŰپʮżǻǺλá
˼ټӰһȴ˪ں֮࣬ʩ˫ĺ֮Уֺ뵶֮ϣ»ɭϢɢҺȫᣬް©
ĺȴӦһһңԮֱ֮粨˾ʹණ;裬ԷǵԪƷߣҲŮһ֮УѪɽ֮ĩŮѾԴ
˿ڱĳƣȫƵļԪ񱩵ķʽǿѹѹ޷ħܡ
˪õ»Ѿֵ˰ϵѹƾһֻ֮»޷ѹħܵķˣ
ȻӦŮܽ룬ħƣ޿֮ܣһָ֣ռλãһ׹ͻȻ߲һ£漴˼ռѷ졣
Ӧһӣ˺Ӫռէһȱڣѹȵħ϶ߣ˿էһȱڣȻѰ϶룬ȴ֪ȱڵı˶ˣǿռѷ졣
ħԽ緢ʽٶн˿ռѷ졣
ܿռѷֻƬ̣ռַָĺȴѾʧʮ֮˾ţĲѳ
ҶЦһһݺأƥƣѹ䷨λִĿĿңڣڻǴĵԸѾ棬ǴѾˣ
ͨ죬漴תΪ԰ףڵðŨҧгݵĵҶЦ֪ģ
ҶЦٺһЦҪ˲֪ǼĪΪңһʣҲһ䡭㵽˭
ҵɫԽĲ԰ҧԶ֪˭ߵҵĽ֮һ֪˭
ҶЦ顱һƣ䷨ˣһʱǰһѪ⣬Į˵˵Ҳ޶ֱΨһȤֻ㵽ǲǰ׹ӵ£˶ѡ
𰸶˵Ҳûи壬ΪĴΣشҶҪɱ㣬ӣ
Һһƴˣ磬ƿǰ
ϧĹƣҶЦǰȫȻãҶЦֻǳֹˣ䷨ͬʱмܣоͬ׵һ㣬ǵֱһ飬ĺ֮𣬵ʱʶ˳ʮɣȻӵҡͣ
˫״֮ӣ·
ҶЦ֮ӸŻһ⣬ָ֮䣬ȴΧɷԲĳطһȦ
һȦɲǵļɣҶЦ֮ҫͬһǣڿݺصķС
ͷ


693 ħŭ
ܹһʱӵеĸ߶ս֪Ӧ˸ղŴԪǱħԴսۿۣԶԶԷ߶սγֱӵĻԲٽļԱԶԷ֮£Ʋѣ᧿ΣһʱȴòԮ̬ƿνγħսΣһΡ
ҶЦôһȦ¾֮ȴʱתΣΪǴռϷ磡
ҶЦ룬תս֣Ѹתأٷ罣⣬䷨ɱȥ
һһȥ߰ٶɥҶЦ£ң߰˾ʵǷĸ߽ߣǶľӢս
һ˲ıʣ䷨ҿѣϧǳҶЦȫϮɱ廹ڿƲסĺ״̬ʹģվָԤȶεʱҶЦѾֻˡ
嫽˸ͷĶ罫
λ֣ҶЦĳʽȫ·ֱͺڶŹһ㡣
һӣֻ˵ӣ
䷨ֳһ;ĩ·ı
ʱԼҶЦֻҪһ־Ρ
һԼްܱ˫ʵʵԱȣռƣֻܴҶЦ칦壬ԼаűߣƵķս֮
սȻ֣ҶЦΪǰνս֮ʱȣѾ࣡
ǿôǿأ
Լϵĵһ֣ǸڵҶЦһһʮжӲ
Լ֮ǰƵնֹǸͷβЦĴֹܹǲһأ
⼲˲ʱѵǰ
䷨Ӳǳƥâһźƶ߳ѨĴ̳߲Ÿոմ̳ȴȻԼȻѾϳء
һ̣еİҲѾΪ촷ۡ
ֹ彣ֱһ̲ŸоϴľʹͷӲŷ֣Լֱ۾ȻѾҶЦһ׹ǡ
Ѫ㲻档
֪Լǰ״䷨ֱ۵ľʹȫûиоΨһĸоֻдĵ׷һãȻ㶵վڿУȻˣǰԶһ󶴣ѪӿȪ
ѾҶЦĽ֮³׷飬δֱֻؿҶЦоȻ۵ĸղš
䷨˻Ƶ𣺡ҶЦѾɾͽ𵤣
ҶЦ¶һ΢Цµһֵ׼ʶףǱ㿴ˡһ֮ǰҶĳǹؼһ
õ𰸵䷨ͷͻȻһ̾ϢϳֳһֺܹŹֵı顣
ƺǷɣƺǾȴƺЩЪ˹ζ
ͻȻһ𵤾磡Ҵ߾磬䷨ڳɵ£Ҳǡ
˵ȴѾڼ˵ȥˡ
ʣµδ֮һ̾Ϣ
Ϊ壬ȫ׵ķѣԴ֫ͬһʱɣ֫ԴɣһηѣƯѪĩ
ȻѪĩڳѣһֱʧΪֹ
ϵµһˣǿ䷨䡣
ЦҶЦ֣֮аܣ
һ۵̾ϢϣΪһһȴֲĵֹ
Ҵһ¶ڲ
۾ŵգζ벻Ϊµһֵ䷨ЦҶЦ£Ȼ˵Ĳһ
У
ֻУ
а
еػҪڸԼֵǰ£
촽ţȫǾ
ҶЦǳĽңңָһѪ䣬Į˵ңΪħͷ߹֪ǷҲˣ죬Ϊѣ
ҲЦһҡҡͷ˵ҶЦһڵģħ𲻻Ź㣡
ҶЦЦЦħ𣿣һû
ٶҡͷƺҪ˵ʲôȴվû˵ڡ
ңΪ֮㣬ΪóҵԤϡҶЦλ֮Щ⵱ȫʵ
ҺٺһЦҵʵȻֹڴˣֻѽҵҵ꣬ҵеİ׼ħ̳ҶЦɱңҲûκ壡
һģһģ
ֳֵɫʣܣҶЦײ˹ҶЦɱҰһ֤漣ҾͻḴ
ҶЦ˿ԥһǣ׼ȷشҵ࣬ڴ֤ν漣㲻֪ǡڷԲǧķΧ֮ڣǰ֮£νĲ漣Ƿ񻹻ᷢأ
֮£۾͵ع˳ĶҶЦ㣡
ҶЦȻɱ֮չ׵ŰƻǴ˴¾ħ֮սĿ꣬ҪȷǶκһ֮⣬ǵꡢûκһ˿һתΪħ̳
ţνĲ漣ң·ɣ
ҶЦգۡһȻҵͷն䣺ˣ
š䡱һ졣
λȻ½ȴֱӽڵ˴󳹵״ݻ٣ŽɽҲһ
˴һƣɫĲʺһ󣬴ӵ·ɳɢ˷
ɱ
ҶЦĿĹˣս֣һһ磬Ⱥݲնݳħ̳
һĲҽҶЦ˴⣬չ̺ƽʽɱȥ湥»״صˣӸм伯й
ʤʦ;ȫʬ塣
սѶ
Ӵ䣬Ҳûʲô
ҶЦһХĬĬĵţʦ֡Ӣ鲻ԶпôһУȫĹͣ
ǰƺֳָһ̵ݡ
һ裬о޵ľһ
Դһ˿Īο
Ѿħո

һս£
ҶЦ˴Ӷ뿪ʱ򣬶ַⷽԲǧ򣬵ŵ󣬶ûһֻˡươۡĶʹ˳Ϊʷʡ
ȻҶЦȴûмʱ
Ǳڶ֮µħԴʼҶЦĴ˼ɡ
ǹɺܣ֣ȫѹƣͬСɣ˼˵Ѿ״ݻ٣ҶЦڵģھͳĻ᲻ỹⷢ
ϾڶЩȥ˵ڱĿռ֮С
ڶʱڣ޷ȫ
ʵ֤ҶЦ˼ʵѡޱȷ


߷ϡ
һͬһʯͷһ㣬Ӳվš
֮󣬴ͻһХЦгŭζ
һҶЦһЦϷƲ
ǰǸӺˣ£ɸ
ΪŭʼĩԵôһµġ
ħ̳ȱ̫ҲΪҶЦɱ˸Ϊ㣻˷˼̳ƣԱǿгһ롣
Ŀļ򵥴ֱҲǿģԾҶЦɱˡ
Ͼɱ¾ĹУҶЦһԣҲһ൱ģǵҲӣȻעҪʼܴڶһ
ǿɾ൱һ붫ʵ̳Ӵļɵ̳
ħ̴ú죬ϧҶЦεӦȴԤ֮⡣
ҶЦר֮£˵ˣħ̳ҪꡢȻҲûյ
νı¶ȫùǳͷβⱾ
ңԼһ־ס
ܲλħ߳ŭŭɶ
󣡾Ȼ󣿶˵ĺôֱʣ˼ܣϵ˿֮ĩǰ̲˾˽֮ǿĶ֮ϡǹϣǿԽһص㣬ʩ岻ʩڶ󻯣˼þϣҾС˴ӣ
˿ŭĳХһ󡭡˶Ѿɱˣ©ˣػѵЩĵر쵰ȻĲգʹ˲Ҫô
ӵͷڵϣһԲ
ȴڸ̣ϵħأ˼άΪˣܾ⣬һжúҲԤϵҶЦ֪ǹⱩ¶ۼɱ֪వ¶ҲԮ֣¾ϧʵǰ£˷ݻټʵǿĶ
ô벻ҶЦʹּأǱ߿Ǽϳȥ֮ȺȺ֮£ʲô󷨹˵ҶЦΪʲô᲻󷨣
ôܳ
ħ֮ս׶ΣջزԴѵи壬Ǳ󷨣ȷһҶЦȻʵʱʵսử㣬ͷֳ©һأ
ڶ֮һħۣ֮Ҫȡ˫еԪܣԷʧĵرҲ󷨣ٶǵħ֮ʧȥã֮õط֮Уǹĥ𣬾ħ֮ʵ죬ҲԸبǻԵĥ£
㾡̫ȥһգνƣΪһЦ
һЦ
ʯͷԼĽţԼͷʹ飡
㲻ƴ۵ȴǺοգ
̳ħɱ֣ȫɱҶЦŭڡ
ûҪˡӲһ£ϣ鱨ҶЦڸ˶֮󣬲ûٵǼʱ߹ˡ
ԳĬΣɭȻɱݺݵͷȻˣʡҵĹ򡭡ҶЦȻѡˣǻȪħӣڣɾŴ̳ħ¡
һĴЦ
ϣݵǰּҶЦܿѾɵ֮һ䡣
Ծֻ϶ѣ
ɫȻɵΣֻΪļ̳һˣҶЦɵĪĺ£һɵֵ꣬ʱԶԶ䣬ȫֲʧֱһ̳󣬾Ŵħ̳ѼƷǾλɵߵȫԪֻȵͼλ棬ɵ󣬲Ų˶ΣҶЦȻҵһ̳㱾˲ϣҲ㽫Ϊħˣ
ǻһи޵𾪣ɵ֣УôϵΪѾʲôزУԭħ̳ҪѼƷȻǳɵߣһҪϹλɵߣôνħ̳񲻻ҪԶԶɵߵĲΣ׽ֲεȳ̶أ⡭⡭
ǿסԼȥͷĲȥˣǰ֣ȻѾ֪ͬʱνħ̹;֮˵ãĸоľǻ硭

ҶЦΪսپϹһۣ첿ָ߽սΪͷӣһ·
һ·ϣ鵤ҩ·ҪǮһȥ״̬ȫߣ״̬ȫߣȬˣһʱָ״̬
˴νȻ׼֣ҶЦĲֻɱ˶Է֣սֽĺܿ죬Ȼʼǵǿ֮һȻսһ룬Ȼ֮Уֽ֮£ԾĪʧⳡս䣬Щ˶ǵģûоεء
ؼȴڴˣַΧ֮ڵǲֵҵģĸֻƬȻȥҲͬȥЩ߲⵽ǻĥ£ֻг𡢳׵һ;
һ㣬ҶЦʼչڻ
رȫ²ʮ֮˾ţֵ˴֮ʹεʹģҲʱ£ΨӦմ˷ƽ٣廳ߵϾҶЦ£Ҳֻ⡣
û취顣
ҶЦԣҲֻҪ֣˵仰ҲȻ˶֣ôĺأߵĲԪͶħ̳Ǳߣħ̳գʵУѵͶԵô
Ϊħʹ𣬴ҶĸԸȻһľ򡣡»º͵ĿҶЦұڴˣΨһԸƺƽ٣ʹħƣȻֻҪܹ֮ħƣôֵõġ㲻̫ϡ
ҶЦͷЦһҺγսȻû뵽ǣ˷ħѾΪǴ˷֮ţսǰѾЩ˵ʵһ룬սѾ䵽ǰδе͵㣬ƣȴôصʧ
»˵ȴǴʼǵǿ֮һӵʮӣܹԼ˵Ĵ۽֮ѾǼ֮Ի͵սˣʵڲظΡûܹøӺˣ
л»ʿҶЦһս֮ҪúüӢ꣬ӱܹܵӢۼӦܵҫ
ǱȻġ»ʿҶЦԽ͡
ҶЦѾ뵽ԱĸͥɲЩ棬֤ҶЦıĴ
һڸ֮жĹ涨ܹ䵽ʵģȴ޼
ŵʱһ飬ˣֻһˣﻹĸ࣬ڣǣҶЦܹ֮䵽ʵȴ㿰ΪЧİ
ɡ֮쳾졣ҶЦĿҷ֮µСһвƸ顣
ңѩӦȡµԴҶЦ΢Цϣ»ҵλʦʱܹ˼ල¡
ðã̰ۣΪսӢۣҾ죬κΪ֮ġӢ飬Ѫ֮󣬻ҪʹĵᣬֻЩķ׵Ӣۣ
ҶЦն˵
ڴ֣سŵһһɴ£
»ĳŵ
ţпɿҶЦһǰߣһţȻЩ뷨УѾģŴȻ룬Ҳܹݡ»ʱ£ܹҵ˼ոг߶ȡ
ҪƴӢ۵ĺ壬ȴҲҪලӢ۵ĺ˲ûӢ۵
ף»ʶЩ
ҶЦʵԶңҲȷʵС
Խô룬»ʾԽһɳ嶯嵽ҵҶ¹ѩٳɣһμϾġ塣

ĸ̳ħվһССļ̳ǰ棬̳С磬ֻһɷԲС
̳м䣬ɫĻ棬ڲϵԾ
̳էǻɡȻϸȥȴ̳ܿȻȫͷɣֻЩͷãÿһҲֻûСȴȻ׳ɭɭ
ȻЩ̳ͷ­ǱطŨô΢Сĵز
ֻǿһ̳ĿŨͷ­֪ɶɡ
ȴ֪ǲ֪֪ǲ֪
̳⣬߸һϥÿ˵״һȫ۾һֵλãɫľԪϽ֮ע̳֮С
ħ𲻹ͷ̳ҲһֱڳԪ̳ߣΨһģֻм̳λõɫ棬ԼĿ֮УҲ˸ƵĹ
ħ˼ʵɫ˷ܳ嶯ȴҲǡ
Ű֮λãһ̳̳λõĻɫȴǺɫģԾԶ̳һǰɫڶĻǺɫ
˵عþŸ̳Ѿĸڽγ֮Уϵһƺ˷ӿ룬ע̳֮У̳мλѾкڻڡ
״̬֮ȼ̳棬ҲѾԶˡ
̳ÿһ̳⣬ߴֻƣҹϵؽԼ޳ĴԪ֮һһεע̳̳еĺڲϵķ߸ˣʹ֮룬תħ
߽ߣѾս
ֻ̳
̳ҪһɣڣҪͷԲ㡭
üͷ˼
Ǳߵıʵͻأһд©ͬǽǱߵȫ˷ˡ£ʼδ
ڵơҶЦȷѳɣֻҪҶЦһˣԶ̳´࡭
ҶЦߣеԪֵܵӣһʼ֮ɹ۵֡˵ȵ˵ʵȻвҶЦȴҲɵľ磬ʵǾԴչɼ̳ȫ㴫Բʵ˵ôҲ̳ܶɡ
֮ҶЦĻǣٿ̳ȫ
׿ҶЦĻ鲻ᣬֻνʮ߽ߣȫɱֻɱһ룬㹻ڰ̳
ĵھ̳
ħɭɭĿһ£ţھŸ̳ҪһҪӯ࣬˿㡭ʵڲеĻͽħɽȥ
ǡǰ̳һߵȫԪھŸ̳ȴҪһɴԲߵȫܣѰ뵤ɴԲߣϣҪʵ̫󡭡ƾЩδܹ
Ųӣüͷ壬ãݺݵ̾һ˶Ǳ߱Ǳ߱
Ȼô˷˰
ˣ


694 ӣ
ͻȻ䣬ħһӿһħ뵣ŭغɶ񣡡
ҶЦҲҪˣ壬꣬ҪԪ꣬ÿ춼Ҫޱħĥ㣬㣬˵һĺ¡
䡱һһȻƽؾ𣬡һ˳ȥ
棬֪ԶĵϣͻȻƼӿ
һˣΪߵͣһϤش˸
һ˲ֱͺҹ߹˻ĽصأͻرһƬ紵Ϯָо
ɭɭӣڲɾĴţڳάּ̳ʮˡ
֮ƤϣضԼ˵ˣӦǡˡ
ƮƮ⻺ȥ
ȥһӰȴԴҴҵ룬վǰ
ħվĿûκαעˣ£
ףϢЦѾ˴ݻ˶˼߹

ҲǺħԪΨһӡ
˿̣Ľɫ䣬һ˵Թ֮ɫ
ţ֪ˡħޱͷſڻشپٲȥ
ףס˵ҲףΪʲôҪŶΪʲôͲʩԮ֣֦ͬݺ
ħһǶô͸֦ͬˣֻҪƹǣν
˵ɶҲǵѪǸ״ִĽɽˣôۿŻһңʵڡ
ħĿһۣһԲ
Ҫ֪ɡ׷ʵ
ɣʲôɣħ˫Ŀ֮Ĺ˸ѵǵһеȻʳɵ⣬ҪɣֻҪӵʵ
ʵЩʹΧʵȥӵеʵԾ㹻Ȼܽȫȫǽ߲Ӧ˳ǰⶼûУ
ڣǳȫ־δزܾڶһսҶЦȫɱ
ģ
Ǹ״ȴؿŶ±¾һգ
Դֲ⣬θ״˽󣿡Ͼʹ֮ɫǸµѪ
ħͬ˹ضҲ˵ѪҵѪ𣿡
էһ䲻ͨȴͨĻȻ̧ͷԼĸǱҾͻȻһ㱣˻ǣѪôô𣿡
˼ʵѾЩЪ˹ζ
ǣ
ħ㶨ı䣬Ʊէһرų֣˸ǧ겻ѩɽϵıܣΡȻɭ
ȻһͻȻһоȻ
һ˲䣬Ѿ֪ԼҪ˵ʲô˵ʲôֻиоƣ룬ԼʧǵãȻ
ûнԼߣƮһۡ䷨ҲսˣҶЦС
ħͬ޵̶˵ȴԡ
֣۸ֻͨһϤɥѾΪʷʡ˵
ħԾû˵Ȼƺһ̣˶ޣա
ڣԼ֣߶ϾɱͼȻҡãȻ˵š
ħڱ仯һ£Ϊֹеһ˿仯
ȴǺز׽һ˿仯ͻȻ˵ǲǻ㡭ҪһѪҲ񶫵
˵һ仰ͬʱɫͻȻǵͨ죬߿
ǺħԾû˵ް㲨
۷ŭضԼĸףĻҵһһŴģξǺԹԣ
ħ׶˶תͷԴһֺȤԼĶӡ
ȻУȴû˿顣
ȫܹоǷĮȻ롣
ԼĸףԼ񣬼ֱͺһصİˣ
ûи֮ӦеУָо
쳣ĸоЩ棬ÿһνӴ֮󣬶оָоһ֡
ƺԼĸףν飬һһǣһһİ룬һһԺ󣬲ٸӵС
ƺѾɥʧһΪˡĸӵУ
ţУ
ĵһԵĴʹоȻ૵˵ǺԹԣûʸԹԡǸף֪ûĶӣϱӣˡˡǵ𣿡
ħĮȻĵͷҼǵõģǶҵĶӣӣеˣмǵá
˵ķܣġ
˵仰ʱ򣬺ħУһֳԼЦĳ嶯
ˣ

ˣ
ħͼҵôаô
Ƿ񶨵ģôҲֵ˵˵⣡
ͷһƬ
Ԫǰһӣ׿֮Ҳͬһǻ۵ˣȻ֪ΪģΪܣΪĮӣΪӣ
תͷĿңһƬɭɭĵطǾŸɭɭļ̳ǲͬɫĻ桭
һ˿ǿ֮ɫ
ĿɨЩԼĵ޷ӦֻרԪ̳Σ¶һ˸ʹ
Ŀþͣҵȴרע
кܶˣԼʱЦݱԼˣĳԼɳĹУ˶رԼԡ
΢տԼȻƴսҲκ˺Լһë
Լӵı
ЩˣȫǸ׵ֵܣԼ壬ǣԼǣǣڣԼ㲻ηϵκ£κμ裡
֪ʲôʱʼǶˣóĬԣòϲ߶տ¡ĿȫǣáԼҲҲӰӡ
ΪܵĳϤİȫİ粻ȻһĴʧԭ߳µĵǿߣΪһһĵ
ÿһ˽֮ǰԼһʢ
Լ֪ûҪ죬һʼԼִܵŵˣΪʲôҪ
ҲϰˣΪ˽ˣȻˡ
ֻҪˡֻҪɭɭĵطǱϾѾͬһˡ
˵
ٺˮ
ٳԷ
ڣǵӶתÿһ죬ֻôһζţǵ꣬Ԫ⼸ɭɭļ̳
֪Ǻεȵ⼸̳ɭɭĵط
̳Լϵһ飡
ϣŽʬһŵʮˣҲԽԽƺǳһ㣬Ϊ˵ʱ˵һ仰ֱͬ𣬼·õ
˵ǳܣĪ˵һĴ㣬ϣЩ֮ԾЩ̤ϲ·ĳǣ
ʮʼճţǵһ鶼ûתһ¡
ħôؿŶڷ裬β֪ԼӵĴ㣬ѾΰҪָɱ֮ĳ嶯أԲԼҶӣҶӣҶӣӡ
ӣɱ
ԴıŰȴԽԽǿңԽԽơ
ǵģǷΪģԴķУ쳣ǰСȻԼǰô˵޼ɵԼȨж
ԴԱĵૣʾǰԼĹϵԨԴߺħͽǰ˸ɱˣħ뱾֮һս
㲻ٺˡħؿڣʲôν׷Ļͽ޹
ţžϣѿڶ
šϣħҡͷͻȻȻʧЦǺǺǺǡ
ЦٸëȻһǰδеĿ־Ȼ
֪ʲôǻ𣿡ħĵعҫţԼĶӣ״̬Źʸ˵һš
һֻоûԽԽ죬ʹʵǡףڻ𣿡
ħԭ䰲˲ʱͬնȻתͷضԼӵӣһŵŨ۾ðÿһħðԶǰһɫȽȽ
ĵأģģĮȻġ
֪ΪΣע֮£Ȼʧ˺һ۾ǿ־塣
ϣ𣿡ħԾɽ
ҡͷ޴ʧû˼ôء
ħ˫ۣõעһ˲˲
Ļҵ״̬֮У԰Ρ
֮󣬺ħ۾ֲֿɭһ˲ʹ˲档
ֱ˿̣Žָ𾪣Զ
ף֪֪£ҫǧĴ¡ʹ˵ЩҲһֱھϡ֪ʲôʱʼҲеĸˣΨҹλأеĸףŻ֣СʱҵƤƨɡ
ˣΪҰ˿ڡ֮ʱ۸һŭıŭҲĿ
УҳʱɽͷֶĿԶȥӰ
Խ˵Խ᣺һǵõģһνҵ֣ǧٶʮǰһΡ
ʲôԭ򣬾Ȼڵӣߵģѹֵʵ
ҿĶӰ׶ӣ

ħһվţһɫڴеǰۼŮ鳤ʵʱֶз˵
ԾǷܣ£ʼǲף˵
неһ˿ϣѸϨڡ
һԼָƽȷʵǴеǰֹۣ˼Цˣ۷֣Ѿڸ;УսմսһףǸӦӦԣ
˵仰ʼʱ򣬻Щ˵Ѿָȫƽһֹ¹졢ƽֱĿǡ
ħ𵭵սɱ⣬ǽ
ǽ̧ͷ۲ŵעԼĸף̲סظһ䣺Ͳκεֿǳֱ룿
ħȻٲ֮ڣķһٵƽӴˣˣ
仰˵ÿνƣǵʮ㡣
ȴԾЩԽܣڶԷϮһ·ϣȻ䳤ֱ롢ֿ;ֻҲҪʧȥ
ħ΢΢ز˲ʤ̭ǿʳⱾǽһ촳𣿣
һҧĻػˡ޷
ħͬһƬƮ˳ȥĮȻζĴҲɵ㡣
һر䡢һȫްζ
ħӰôʧˣٲӰ


695 û
վԭأžҵͨ죬ͷϵ˳صĴڴڵĴɫ
վһᣬͻȻƷһ̳ǱߣǾŵЩӰ
壡壡ңң
˵ĿӰԻеţһƬҰףȫһ޶ԡ
壡塭
壬塭
ǮǮ
һһȥȴʼյòӦ
ЩͭһӰԼ޹ذ׺ĳͻȻһͻȻ𣺡⵽ôѽ
ô°Ϊʲô
ǵ˵˵˵ʲôУ˵һ仰
ǿҰ
ӺǿбסһҵҡΣⲮⲮ㿴ң㿴ҡ㵱۰
޶ԣȫ޷Ӧ
ƹȥƵ˵ǰ˻Ⲯѵǡ
ĵ棬ȴǵסż̳Ԫ;ڻתͷҰ׵ӵԭȫӾһ£״һϲеⲮҡ
ϧһ仰ûü˵꣬Ȼ֣һƣصǰء
ۣ
һͻϮñҸ⧲֮µػ༸Ϥ飬һѪ˳ԶԶķ˳ȥ
еǿΪȻ֮ʱҲмǿĻסһߣλֻ¾Ҫ׵ɥڴˣ
Ȼڰ֮ԹֻĲŵģλⲮУʹ
λⲮһƽ֮һµתͷٶȻָԭƣһԪԴԴϵĴע̳֮С
ˣ»ָľܵ״̬֮С
ˣλⲮչֳľʵԼܵƣټһƣɣ
ڴŻѪڵϣѪ죬̳кڣϵѪѸٻһɽ˼̳ԭȾλãٲɫ
ȿȿȿȡǺţ֧ӵɫȫǻҰܡΪشάϵɣΪĴԸӵʹ
һʱ䣬Щˡ
ͣƿЦĽһΪʲô
ȴ֪仰˭
ˣʼʸħ
ֻʡ죿
νŪˣ컯Ūˣǣ
̬㮻С
ǵţһһĵȥÿһҪһѪȴԾضЩ˵ϡ
Щɫ΢һ΢תһ£ֳôһ㣬һ˿˿ĹػԼҲܸܵ顣
꣬ԼôѪҲ˵ѪˣǲһƤЩ岮ʹ÷ˣڣûںԼ֮ˡ
һֱ˵˿ǱӰλãһֱ˵˳Ǳߡ
ʮˣԾûκ˶һһûκεı仯
ûתͷɫûб仯鶼ûתһ¡
ϣһ·³Ѫղһ㣬˼̳
ռ䣬Ծôɭ⡣
ˣڳ׾زЦһͻȻתͷײײģͷҲصı˳ȥ
˼ʣҶЦѾִΧ
һΣҶЦо˼ȵĲһָоȥĸܡ
ΧƺЩԡȿ˵ȴ»ʡ
ٷߣƸߣΪҶЦǶо״񣬺е㴫˵鲻ԣѪ˵
һ·ϣҶЦȫܹо»ʶԼ̬ԽԽºͣ˵ظԼߣԼ
ʲôС飬һڣκ飬ֻҪܸҶЦϹϵģܹģܻ
һ㣬״ص϶ܳζ
Ůզ£զôءǿǸͽܣôģô¡ѵǿǺӺãˣҪţ۲ݡ
ڲڣСȷʵڣ»Ǵֻ㣬˵ҿ񣬸ĸ￴Ůˡ
Ҳǲ⣬ͽܵϱû¹˰ƾʲôôʲôʸô״ذﴵӵ۾Ȼǲˬ
ӰҲǺܲˬǾǣŮǡ£ȻǵĻˡĥǴµ˭˭ɣǰʾã¿ɲܰ졭
Զԣ¾Բܰ졭
ߺҲ䣬ҶЦ»̸
ҶЦüͷΧȷܲԾƺǷĳЩ
»ʵͷȷʵЩԡ
ҶЦʵԴһһؽ緶룬Ҿ͸оˣÿǰһǷɱ֮͸Ũһ֡
Ŀ⣬ǰܵɽ֣һ˵õһԤУƺǱߡҪƸˡ
Ԥ֮УԼյ鱨ħӦòôٲôΪҪǰɱˣɱˡҪȻʹղǾŸ̳Ԫ
ڣȴֳѹֵաҶЦüͷһǳĳ֪˽ı״ǲħԤҲͬʱӰ쵽ߣĺȤ˭
»۾Ȼħ᲻ĵڶϣ
ҶЦĬһ£㻹۲죬ֽ׶βκεļ衣
һܡǵļ̳ҪѾ㹻ˣĻҲֵܳǰ״»ʺɵüͷ
ûпܣҶЦȻҡͷĹˣô϶Ͳˡͱ̳ħˡ
»ɫһ䣬ŵ˵ôܡʼԪ׶ӣԪʱܹºκˣȴҲԼӰɡ
ҶЦ¼ȨĳЩ£ӣҲǿԲϵģڸעظܣζص֮ǰ½һ⣬ʵڼ֤̫̫ĸɱӣ߱ײҾ磬νֶΣײϡǣοԪһͷħܱмԣ
էⷬ»Ȼס
仰棬Ȼоһʹ֮࣬鴤ѡ
ǰƽʵףܸоҶЦУڸһʹ»ʲһҪ§ڻúðοĳ嶯

ҶЦһ˾Լ߰·̡
Ȼľ£Ѿܵǰδеķǰ
ǵģǰԵֻáݡ
һȫûκι˼ɡȫصļ˲ɱÿһսΪѪȿ񱩵ġ
һ֣һȫҪ̬Ʋɱš
ֻǵһϧѪս·ǲܺߣǲǲһҲҪԼȨһǷܲ߱ơ
զ£ôôôҶЦоˡ
ħԪħĴӪһ㣬Ѿӹɵʵʵ
£ΪƣƽٵԴͷһ㣬޿ɱ粵
ôȺɶ˱ģô۸һء
⣬ô˵Ҳ˵ȥɣ
ӽĽͬƵûȥ˺òã
òã
òã
һһĹ伫Ϯսָս͵Ϯ¶壬ɱ㡭
ʱһ֮ڣҵԲͬķͬķλٴεϮս
ϮƵʣҶЦ˸оһ£ĸ߲ƺʲô˲ô̼Ȼ󣬷ˣ
ɵǣǣʲôԭǷأ
ǶܺƽΪˣʲôܸɳܵأ

פعߴ춥һ˹Ŀ䣬ɫ԰ףǣһ˿
Ȼε飬Ըر
ҷǽҾƫҪ˵裡
ҪɢƫҪһ֮ս
ʹħʹעҪҲ군ҵģúҵĸһ
ǿȥǾΥԸҰҰ
Ԫ֮ǰһشδȴֻȼŷĻ档
ԼҲûףԼҲǾ¡ϳɳءֵصˣѶȹ˳嶯ͣȴΪʲôʱͻȻСӡ
Ƿִ֣Ƿݹ⵷ҵѾûԼϳֹˡ
ʱ˿̣ȴҰȼһ
ûʶʵԼĸ׷Լ飬ݺݽѵԼһ٣ʵԼȴϣ㣬ʼġȫޱ顣
·ûκ¶ȡ
Ѿѭ浸̫̫ãαװٰ£һΣǰϦҪһΡҾҪףǷħ֮󣬾ҲûνУ
һ㣬һЩЩһ˿˿һ΢΢û𣿣
û𣿡վһ
ֻоеıƣʱܱըһ㡣


696 һħ
ϣڵټ֣ǿݣ˵ֶΣҵսЦĽȻ˴ߣħշΧ֮⡭
ӹħǰأ֮ԭý̳ɢʧ޴ӻ̳϶ᡣ
ħĬһ£ɭɭ˵᣿ζ᣿Ҹζ᣿
⡭Եʱסˡ
ĵⲻںκǰҲҪ·ô
ôȴֱֵúû˶һ㣿
ħ۾ĵ˵ٵ˳˵ǡ˵ġ
һ£漴æӦǣ
˵ոϽ뿪ˡ
ǰһ̻һ޿κεĿһ̣ȴӦָ⡭ôоһ֣ڸ˵Ӧڸһӵֲͬ˼ά˶Իֲĸоء
ͬһ̣ȥ
ˣ˵
˵ʲôתͷ
˵ʱֹͣЦжǽȻǰص㲻ʣǡ
ס֪ʲôңĵ˵ħ֮ȻħֻһǾңңĵ
ûûʸҡתͷעŰֵĺˣĮ˵ȥתϡҪ˵ʲôҪﵽʲôĿģԼ˵ͲﲻĿġ
һסˡ
ζ벻̬ȾȻ˵ǿӲ˵Ĳء
֮ǰлһֻͣҪԼѻ˵ƯˣϵܴﵽĿģԼĿķȫսԣֻƶ̳ЧΧѣ͵ǰƶԣȻһ̶ȵʧ¡
ǣȴȫû뵽ȫûԼ̸ֱӾܾѰǿӲ
ǿӲӵʱ޴룬֪ôˡ
ٲҲãҲϵĶӡ
˼Ҹ֮䣬ʲô˵ģ
Ǵ췭ظԼҲ޷˵ġ
ۿӲݡȫصı顣
̾˿ֻתȥ
ħظ֮쿴˰죬֮󣬵վֻһħ꣡
գ۾Ȼû׺ħﻰĺ塣
˵ġʲô
ȴħȻ𣬺һ˲ʱʧȥټ

㶨һ˲˲عԶս֡
Ӧսǲϵս
ȻĿ״ʶܹоǱߵĴս˶ˣÿһʱÿһ̶ռ
Ȼ۵ʵȴڴʲô
ûнȫ񶼹עԶս
Ӧ˵ųɵĹעȣһϡ
񡢶壬˽Ӳ״̬쳣Ĳг
Ȼһźһټ춥
Ȼһ£Ծǿûлͷ
ΪȻ֪Լĸ׵ˡ
һ̵ȴһִֵĺӣںԼĸ׶֪ˣ֪лҪ˵֪ҲҾǲͷ㡣
ܰôɣ
Ρ
ڵȴ
ţ²ţԼĸôһѰԼ׻Լ˵ʲô
ʾ֭Ĳ²ţµԼĶɬ
оԼۿΪɬʪۿ֮ᣬƲס
ȻҲû뵽ģԼȻ
֪ʲô𣿡ħģԾɳĮȻζ
ҵȻ֪ڸʲô˵
ûʲôֻ㣬֪ʲô𣿣ħƽ䡣
ҵȻ֪ͻȻҪô᲻֪ףԴ
Ļûܹ˵ȥΪѾħϡ
ħ۾ҪҸף
ס
ӦóƺΪϡħ䵭Ŀ
۷ֱ
ħνħꣿħ
ֻͷнһƬģһʱ侹֪Լʲôʲô֪Լ˼ںη
ħħ꣡
ħħϴģħꡣħ۾еĿ֮ҲǣҲ⡣
Ҳǣһģŵŵһ˿Ѫ۲ŵħ𣺡˵ҲǣҲǡ
Ҳǡħ𵭵Ҳһħ꣬˶ѡ
ͷһƬհס
ν֮ԵԵһĸӣһƭ˵ĿջˣħЩΪô𣿡
Щ˻֪˵ʲôôʲôиѪԵԵһУʲôϵ
Ϊνĸ֮ԵŸҲӺħĮĵѳĵһеĵΪһᴦ㣿ŸӡΥҵ
ףΪҶ𣿻˵ҶӣħĻһѰĸֵشͷ
ͷ˲ʱǧٿѪ졣
ʲôʲôǴҵĽУѵһ˹ȻĶ𣿡
һ˵Ե٣ħϴ֮Ե㼴ˣ
ħĺһΪħҪЩĿЦʲô
󾯸һΣҲ廳һ㣬ƶΪġһЦĸ֡ħӰƮɶ𣺡˳
ǵ浢ҵĴƣ㣬Ҳֻһ̳Ϊ
͸øģһħ꣡
δ䣬ħӰѸʧ١
ľһĴԭأһ
촽ʶĶţǲѪ񣬾һƬҡ
վڼ춥ۣ֮վһһҹ¶Ⱦͷͷԭںڵĳ»ʱ򣬾ȻȫĻҰˡ
»ָ״̬˿һͦΣȴһѾЩ͵ĸо
еĳЩѾˡ
̤ط漴ǿƵǿӲ̬ȣһ
ȫԱԳ˵ȣĵһʱѸٵִս⣬ʤ
赲Цô¾ͼ֮⣡
ִУ
ڰ֮ڣûмʱߣն⣡
ͳȥ͵ÿһС
棬ʱ
Ӱһֽһٶȣ˷Ϲ


697 ˣ
ڵϣµ¶һ˿Цݡ
ħ꣬ħ꣡
Ҳֻһħꣿ
ȥħ꣡
ʩħħԣⲻħ֮ô
Ȼˣкβ棡
ͻȻĴЦЦЦţȴ¡
ӿһ̣ڳӯħȻƺҲڼ
ƽģħֻصԭ㡣
ҶЦߵĴһмսϹǧԪƷϵߣһڸ߲ԺľӢսӣһ˲֮䣬˿ǰս
Ƶ֣׷״˷ðƱ֮ǰȫģʽҪһ˵֮ǰȫԸôھȫȫսأԲеΪȣԼź
ǵģƴ
ӵƴ
ʹҲҪˣҲҪŪ㣬һ·ƴҵֻܻһˣҲҪƴ
ƣսѰʢ֮ʱֻ»ҪɣͬСɡ
ԭĹֱʧ
ֱ֣Ӷǰ
Ƶ潻սսƴ
ĸ߲״άֳզ಻ѣЯǿУȫ߶Ĵʤƿǰô֣һвʤ㽫ٵ̬սദȫ״̬Ȼ֮£Դݿ֮ƣһݻеսġ
˫һսзͱֱֳȫԸٵ˵һεսӣҲ齨ǰδеľ޴ʧ֮ǰȫս϶һۣȫʧûô࣬ɥ
˿̣ĵڶξӢսӣûüһչɣ⵽˶ԷǿԷԲƴ۵ƴ֮ˣǿжס˾ӢսӵսӢս˶˴ļԱ̬ƣľ
ҶЦ»ʡѩ˶״⣬ǰ̬ȫԱһȫԸʵʵֻҪʤֹһ
ǰζۣ֮սȫҲֻȫʵһңҶЦڽս֮ͼ˶Էǿߣ˴սν⣬滹ʧ˳򽫽֣ڶʵǿĪ˵ǰ֣ٷһ߲㷽Ҳ⡣
ҪҲؼĻڣƴɼѾǽȫʵʩչˣһܹʤôҲͶˣ֮Ǵ˴ƽٵվսʤܣһ
ҶЦȴǣֲϧۣƺԩķơզģ
ǲӦñˮһսƴһǲӦսսǲӦ֡ȺūۡΣǡ
ɶǶֵñģ
⡭ⲻǵߵô
ħȻôֱ׳Ҳһ׮
ҶЦڵ֪СȻôһսɣ
һԽڶӡг˸ֱָٶ֮ҶЦߣȴͬʱоһɭĽԼ
ϣⲻƽ
»ͫһǽ֪һĻⲻƽٿŵýǰʮʵֻ»Ҫʤյ˪ãκһ
ǰʮҶЦһЦ۾ⲻƽ֮ǰ㻹һսʸ񣬲ڣ㡭һ䣬㻹ʸ𣿡
ⲻƽɭȻҲ˵һ˵Ϸôûʸս㣿ҶЦµһֵλãҲ˿Ӣ۰ɣ
ҶЦ½һǷ˵ã˵Ҳգһħȴûʸսģ
ⲻƽ۾˸ʶزһ£۾ҶЦڵô˵ǣڼһˣɱ̾
ҶЦһЦⲻƽҲν˵Щûõġֻ˵һ䣬ˣˣ⻰˵𣿡
ⲻƽɫĮ˵ˣ£ˣҵ£Цǽ棬ˣӭս˶ѣα˵ЩеûģƾĶݡ
˵ʸȴΨʤ֮󣬲̸ʸ񡣡ⲻƽ䵭ܵʱЩˣ£Ǹʱһô
ʲôħʲôˣⲻƽ۾ҶЦǰҪ𣿡
ҶЦһЦ㵹Ҳͨ͸ȻˣǾȷ̸أҸղǾ仰ǲģƾⲻƽίʵǲսңѩ
ҶЦһϺȡ
ѩ°ѩ˪
ˣͺѩɽ֮۵ĵܣҲ꺮ɭһ˳һĮ˼㣬ܱı˵ⲻƽѩڴ˺̣
ⲻƽһ£Ц˼㺮ѩҾһ仰ЦˣΪλ㺮ѩˣ
ѩԾɱǹһվţעŷⲻƽһ仰Ҳ˵ֻǻĳԼıѩ񽣡
ⲻƽͫһѰ·
ѩɽһϣûа仯Ѿһ룬ڼʵһ˲ͻȻһҵ
ϣ
һĽ߿պХ
ֱǧɽֵɽ幵֣һ⣡
ѩ԰νսԶ׼Ȼһ䳡滰Ҳ˵
ãããⲻƽͫȻȪҾ·ԸЦ
ѩʤѩ˪һϱѩ˪·ܹһѩɽһԲˢһֱ˹ȥ
Ȼ;ȴ˴Ѿһűѩ磡
ѩ֮˲¶֮½漴һƬƬѩΪ轵ӿᣬ£
Ʈ裡
Ȼ䣬캮ضƺҲ⡣
ⲻƽ״һ
˵кͺѩ϶޴Ϊ
㺮ѩж񷣬˼иѩĳ׿ṦԼӳڡ
ܺѩһ͵Ĵºţڼ֮裬Ҳеƫ϶ѣĪ˵޷칬ĺķ¹ı̫رľԼı캮´󷨶Ȳϣ
ǰ֮չֵȴٲȻѾ⼸ּķ֮ϣĴŶԣҲֻƮƹ񹦲д
ѵ˲Ǻѩʵƹٰģ
ô
ⲻô
ܰɣ
ʱƮƹȫԱΨдʼղټѵݸİ˺ѩݣʵʩܣ˻ƵУ
ⲻƽڸ棬ѩǱѾ˴ǰ
Ľ

ˡ
һ硣
ⲻƽʱоԼһ˱ɽ棬ľܣƲѩӵеģȻɱţֻỵ£Ǻȫ
ȫԸⲻƽһ̣ǱԼڵħ壬Կǰֲܿı֮
뵵ĺƣɲǼ˰ɿռ䡣
ԷⲻƽʵۣȫĻ뵵ķΧԲֹɣ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ϊѩһֵͬʱͬʱ
ⲻƽʵʵȻԶٷչֳʵȴֹ֮ѩвһĲ죻ʱΪܽƣȻֻһ˲ĳͣһ˲ĳͣѾ㹻úѩĽĺ
ʱ
˲ʱⲻƽ壬ħһ
ⲻƽվ¾Ϊ˪Ƭ̺һʹ˶ѣѪϤһıڵϣأԹµµȥ
ѩսԾĿޱ飬ʵȻҲͼսҶϴ󣡡
쳤̾һӯ޾įƺʵǿڵķǰ㣬һֱˡ˽ΨҶѿ˵Ƿˡ
ҡҡͷģʩʩȻ˻ر
ıͦޱ飻ѩ˪
ҿװġ°̲ͣסһҸʮ֣
Աѩһ죬ͷȥ

ϣʵںѩ£ȴһжû꣬Ѿ
Ѫͷһرм
˵ʵпʵһסˡ
ҶЦߵˣҲסˡ
ѩʲôʱȻӵô˵ʵ
֮ǰĺѩȻųƺͣ˼䣬ǡòƻﲻȾ׵ľɣ
ʵֻг䷨ѩϣʼ棡
ѩ簵̫ˣѩʵյҿûСڵңҲδУ̬ߵֵȫǱ̬Ȼˣ̬߿϶ûǼǿӣ
һ˭ĳ˵ǿӣǲǱ̬λź󵶣Խڶ̬ƺۡ
ѩͷ̲סĽˣȻĦȭԾԾԡ
Զ׼һˣһţͬΪĳֵܵˣһ·ɫ
Ǳߣһ̧ߣͻȻһңңʲôһʱ̣ʲô
һϣսף
һɫ԰׵ߣȻڰУ
ֻǴ˿̵ɫ԰ֽҲ΢΢ţķ
һ£Ϊ֮ȱ˶ԼһȣȻһ⣬ԳҶЦ
йŹ֡
ҶЦӦ˶һɫ
ڳֵģνľӢսǾ񾡳ȫ濪սǣҲҶЦ˵ĹŹ֮ȴڣħľ֣ȴһҲûг֡
ҶЦħľֵжˣʵֵ˺εȸ߶ȣδ֪ս˿̣Ѿս֮ǰֵһĨ죬ֻ޴ħֵˣħħ𣬿ɻû
УȻΡ
ԷеûнҿЩɶֵ˼⡣
ѾһνսΣҶЦҲǸֱ࣬ӻӽϡ
СĽ䱸Сħ尵㣬ע⻷
ǰܹģҲֻôһԼߵСһ
˶ѣ
֮սԳ֣ҶЦƾԸһ¥˫˱ľΪ˴սʤչƽѧƴͺȺεѪҰޣ˵ķģ׹ػ֮ƣݺݵײһ
ֻһ棬ͱʣȾصĲѪ⣡
ҶЦˣҲڵһʱ磬˴˳һ
Ȼֻһ֣ҶЦʱо˲Ծ
Ϊǰĵʵò̫һ㡭
ҶЦʱһӲˡǡɽƶʤȯյĸо֮һ֡ҳԶ㡯İգ
ָоҶЦһ
Ҫ֪ǰô˵Ҳ󳬼ŵƶ֮ˣʵôô
ҶЦжϣʵҲֻ֮ǰ䷨ĳ̶ȣ˶ѡ
ҶЦתһ룬ȴֺ˸ࡣ
̫
ܹµһ䷨ôҲ۰ɣ
Լ֮ԻеˣԼ̫ǿأ
ԼʱĽʵ̫ˡ
̫ˣ
ѾԶԶĳΣΪԼǿŷĳĲˣԼŻоԷԸӡ
ҶЦսپĻ㲻ܼʱⳡսҲմԪϲĽ
ҶЦܹظоԼĵ֮УһŽڵת
ǷݱԲĸоһֿȫսֱĵҲ΢о
ԭνĵ
ҶЦвһ
ȻҶЦ֪Ľ𵤣ƽϵĽ𵤣ȴ£Ȼͬ£
ѰߵֳһֵɫǻԭԲС𵤡֮˵ҶЦԪȴǳϽɫ
ֻǱѾһĽ𵤴ྶͥ
ⷽʶҶЦνǼʶǳһֱԼǵһμȻͲ֣ȴ֪ʲôͬΪ˶Լһˡ
ϾϽҲǡ𡱰
ؼǣŵ֮̿ʼҶЦظоųͽ𵤵תԼ񹦽ȣȻֳһֿʼǰ״̬ȻֽȣԾֻûݣ֮ǰԼȣȴǼӿ̫̫࣡
ڼҵսУҶЦϣҲڳŽ̥ǵ΢仯
Եɺϳ½ڵΪ̵ܣŽ𵤵ĲתԶԭɢƵɢݳȫɽ뵤֮ڡ
ֻعЧԼǰԹĵرڽתʱ򣬱ηֽ⣬֮У֮ܶһ仰Լһ·֮ǰԵȡȴδȫ滯ɣתΪ۵̵ŵ֮Ľת̻תھѲһ֮󣬻ع鵤תΪҶЦá
ҶЦչ˵Ľ˿̵Ѿһֱٱ״̬ԣͬھǶǿԽܵģ֮¡
սƬ֮ӱķ֡
ȻԼڷ˷һĹΪֵҶЦȴƺһ㣬ֻֻ߾ͽԼС
ҲǿߣȫȷϣҶЦڹ̬ҲϷˣԼǴһ⣬˼״̬֮У֮ȫûнԼս·ϣֻ˵飬רעԼսȫ޹ص顣
жϣҶЦڵӣʮעҲֻаɷԼϡ
òڲʲôľ磿ۿҶЦԵСԴԼ̬Ȳ׵ıŭˡ
ƴ磡
ôô붨ˣ
һսһ붨ˣ
ôôɣ
ôôɣ
һԼĶֺòã
òã
òã
ŭڵϣҧгݣҶЦ
νѾ˼㣬ԼĸײҪңңҶЦȻҲҿң
ϧԾԵʵ࣬ƴУҶЦԾɴ⣬۾˼Ѿ˾״̬֮Уչȫֻ⡣
ľֻ⣬˼ʵҶЦһһͶ㶼Юƥܣȫֱ罫Ͷǵˣֱ
ٹƬ̡ҶЦϣʼðڵ
״˶Ժܳת嵽൱߶ȵʱֵ״̬
״£˭ת˹ôھ԰ȫ԰ķΧ°ɣҶЦһﾹȻڼսУΨ֮ʱֵܳ״ⶼǲӡӵˣǳͷβĺӣ
ӣǲ⣬ӣ֮ӣȴǽֱ֮ʡԣ
˾أĳ˵ɶѾȥԸӵĸ߶ȣ֮κΣ
߿УһŻƮţħ۾Ŀ·
Ҫֹķ񣬵ȴһӷҶЦı仯ɵһ
ҶЦȻͻơ
˵
ģȡħ꣬һЩҲ˴šҶЦһܹͻƳɹȴʵʵڵ棡
ͻ֮󣬾͵˻Եʱ꣬۵ģһ˵̳
ħϲĿţ⡭ֻҪҶЦͻƣǱֵһǰսһ׮¡
ȻˡʧҲʧ˰ɡ
ħ˼֮УΣӣȻ⡣
ȫȫĺˡ
ҶЦͻƣԽħԽüɫ裬ϲüҡ
ֱǡ״˿ҶЦôͻƣҲûڵħôˡ

Ǵ޿κξصףԼҲҧˣ˻߸ߺսϣܹҶЦҶЦֱӸԼҲȳֳͷβĺӸоúáҶЦȴȫûиоȻ˼ȫһ쳣ŹֵķΧ֮С
ԭνĳɵǽ𵤡ԭ񹦣Ȼӵı仯ǽ𵤳ɾͣתҪ壬ȻҲδжٽֹ񹦵㣬ڽ𵤳ɾͣҪͻƵȻδڵϦɳɣȴٷǾˮ£ֻҪʱգɸϲ¥
ҶЦ׳һǰȫûдո֮Уֻо¾Ǻ죬泩ѡ
ڣĽ𵤽ι͵˼£޷⻪ԼĵһµϽʣ⻹ĳص뵡
ͻƣ
𵤾һ㡣
ҶЦһ̣ѻʶעʹ˴ңԶı˰ع飬ע⵽ս״
һ˲˫ɨսֵһۣԼǰʬ壬ǲپֵ䳾ԼǰһٶԪ߽ߣһԼٲ
˸ΪսѾȥĵطսԼڵһƬطȻֻԼһôˡ
ҶЦ֮⣬ŭһһզô󣬾ôܲˣԼôˡҴùôҡ
ҶЦ˵ĻĺƣһΣĺΣһͬʱһٶԪ߽ߣҲΣǰЩ棬׺ܲ٣ۣǰЩ˹ÿһǴ߳Ƶһۡ
ҶЦǰˣʵһƶǰЦµġ
һɺεǿսȫӦ
һˣ
̫ˣıɱıɱ׷ıɱֵܣıɱıɱЦ
ǻģҶЦǲš
°⣬ˣԽԽ˭ʵǿģɣܶסһһǰѶֽԮ֡ϣ֧ŵǸʱѣ
ˣ
ܹҶЦŲֵңƱػἸ㵵ģžƿڴ̫޳ˣ
̫޳¼ˣҲǫһ㣬һ㣬αһ㣡
ղս˶
ҶЦһһȥԸǺҶЦֻάֶ״̬ǵҲˣϾҶЦĴ֣Թԣ෴˿Կ͸ģǵҶЦ𵤾罥֮󣬱ֳܾ൱ĹˣֻҪս֮ʱʮ֮ڣ˴˵ɱǣҶЦһʱͽԷ˹Χ֮ڡ
ȻΣ֮ΪΧ֮ڵˣ֮¿ֵĻᶼûУûɣ϶ûֵأҶЦ޿κΣˣ
ҶЦεĳ֣ôײ岻رӾӦǿеġ˹ҶЦԼһˣε̬һһȫ··ԣȴµѣ
֮ˣҶЦĽⶼƲ
ˣ˲ܣ˭һˣҶЦĽͻ֮ǣ˵Խ죬Խ硣پʬ壬ֶôġ
ȻȻݱһֵĻ棺ϰλ߽ߣɼعҶЦĽ֮ڣ˹
ԭشŲܹӲдͼߣֻ·һ
Ѫ֤Ѿ֤۵ȷԣ޿ɣ
ۼ֤ô᲻ģ
ĸë
ȫسòã
˭뵽һѹȻ˵ôһѪĻ
ҶôˣҴùôǾôģǵզôء
ܲ
ҿûĳ˵ףȻĳ˵ƤȫµʶʹǺܺõĽڣˣܵеްɣ
ҶЦǽҴϰλ߽óӶˣ쵰ȻϷˣǣʿɱ裡
ҶЦȻȫ׼״ʶͷҡϷˣˣУûа
ķζñըҶЦҲһ棬ʹҲܸüƤԵô
ҶЦã֮ǰ״̬ΪȻ˼׵Ļˡ
Ϸˣˣ
զϷˣأ
ȻУûа
˼õûеĵڣǱѾݺݵس˹һֱŤЪ˹֮ƣҶЦ
ҶЦĿȴ߰˵ݺύĺ׺ۼƺǡĳ˴ӳģͷҲˣҲҲûÿˡ
ҶЦ״һ㡭զˣ
ҶЦдһʣҶЦ֪һʵҪʤ䷨ȻԼҲ֮ľӦˣԾǵĳǿߣܹӳƱȸһȭһҪѣҶЦǺµǸ˵Σ
ʲҪһʣߵɱ
ҵզˣ
㻹ʣ
ѾĻʣ
ҶЦ㲻Ʋѣߵòѡ
ҵզˣ쵰״̬֮ĺ£߲ŸһˣҪôýϳһǣҪôͷȥһƣ뿳һء
ڣʱ˿̣Ȼܹʳֻ
ϷˣˣˣҲôðѣ
ҶЦ˶׻Ҫ˵ʲôز׵ץˡ
ҶЦ죬أɶͷԣôģһôôأǷħͷؿ˵£ܺһ㡭
磬ѵȻߵˣ
һֱ׳
㡭զأҶЦȻҲŭˣûôҪģ
仰˵ŭ
ԭһζӲд͵Ѿ޵ݣ˼ʸҶЦ˺һ߲¼ʱλХ˴彫ҶЦƴˣ
漴䡱һȻһֱչԱơ
ҶЦǳһӣʱγɫĹĻػƺƴԱϤ˹Ļ֮⣬૵һĶϺһ㣬ûԷôȻԱôû
һѪ
˱ҲΪԱನʲôǡ
ãˣ
һХ޼ӽҲû
δ䣬˴˹
ǷȻȻͬʱ¶һǰδеı׳
ţ֣ǰͺ̵ĳҶЦչ˵ķʽҶЦչԱƹ
һʱ䣬ⷽԲǧؽ磬ͬѵ𵴡
ϣ鲼˵ѷ졭
ޱ𣬹ϸ߿գ졭
һʱ䣬Բǧ˵Ķ䣬ʲôˡ
ⳡԱƹеһߡ
Ա֮ǰбԴһۡ
ڸ߿еı˶ˣһƬֵ뵺
޵ĺڰɭΧ
ֻ֪˵ܹоƬڰԼĸףڱ˶˿Լ
ƺܿ˫Լӵı۾
飬
ʹԼؿڵĵ£˫۾ԾɺǿİһԹۡ
˼ʲ˫۾˻ھԼȴϣ˫۾пһ˿һĲᣬһһε飬ǣΨһ˫۾пģȴֻгѵ㾹Ϊ㽫ȫ棬Ҿͳȡħꣿ
ħ꣡
ʱ˿̣ںԾֻħ꣡
һʹԽ״ؿЦţȻҶЦԼ壬Ѫ⣬꣬һеһУԼĸǰϤһŲõ̻չֳ˵Ѥá
硭Ա֮ǰһ仰
ó󣡡
һսûֹͣԽݲҡ
ߣԱ֮󣬾ܲ˵س彫֪С֪ͽͣȴһѡ˵ķʽԼػ֮ǰ
ⳡսһһҹ
һߣȫʱ
˵֣ΪߵͣΪСʸΣоһԵƣ۸Ϯͷ
ʱҶЦ֮ǰµĵӲŽϵĸϵ
֧ԤԮֳĲ״һ಻ѣ޼
ˣ


698 սʱ
ѩѩ׵ϣǳ죬ѪȾѪ£⸴ӵŲҲ̶õսʶ̾һ
;Ӧ˪ˣ鿴ֵʬ壻ɫء
оо󲿷֣˸ʬǱħߵļ󡣲Ҳһûб仯ӦħȡԪܷΧԵʡ
ǰֵķǡѾħӪڵأΪʲôȫˣħ־ȻûгԮʵ̫̫ˣ
ҶЦҪ˵ͻȻһ̧ͷȥ
ֻһŹѸȥ
վס
ҶЦ̧ͷһԪվס
еŻʱֹסȥƣһŤ任֮࣬ûһŨɵΣڿƮҡҶЦǰħľս֮أ
ǲħ£ֹҰɣ
ӰһɭɭͣʱƮߡ
ԪҶЦĿеһִѾ׻ٵĶӣҲɥһս֮Уѵô޶𣿡
ίʵҶЦ֡ĵط
ӵǰ̬ƿղŵսУԪλħͷսǴ˫սʼѾˡ
Ϊβ֣
ôԼս
⡭Ҳһ
ѸٵԶ룬оֻƮһ仰ͳĮͬૡ
⣬ʵһ𰸣ֻһħ꣬˶ѡ
仰жһ⡣
һ𰸣
ֻһħꡣ
Ե˺ݾ޼ҲˣԼĶӣȻҲô飡
˾һƬǰļžΧ֮С
ԭΪ飬ħ飬νħߣˣħ߶ԴԼӶˣˣǵħƱؾͿ̿ڸ֮̾࣬Կħľȴּᶨһ֣
֪ʱȻҶЦߣü˼
˳һ£ߵҶЦߣʵǡʥ֮ȻʳΪһ죬ȴҲᱻħ֡ħţȫħ֮󣬱᳹У
ǰһˣԪ䷨ħħ״ԡ
˳ʵ
ҶЦȻһʧȷʵˣ
Ԫ䷨֮ԻɥĲ񣬳ͣҲûбɡ
һ˿˿У;ڵ飡
֮ǰһֱ˼Ԫ䷨ħĹؼڣ벻˼˳һ仰ȴǽҿеţ
ʵ֮ǰֹһεᵽֻعħȻΪ֮ЧܣȴҲͬʱΣҶЦõʥǶӹΣڵºڵԵʣԾʼ˼ˡ
ħ֣ΪͬʱħԾʹֲ׳շ߳Ϊͷβħߣһɾħߣħ̳ħλʹλΪħ總ӹ
ڹȻ֮߳ʵڲ󣬳ҲǼöֻعѣЩֻعǿԻյģ
ֻعĸ⣬˿ֱȡԪ꣬ǳ˻ͶħλӣϾħȳλԣ¸գ
ҶЦ˳һѣ˲ʱͨọ̈̄ͨ˸Զ⣬ͨΣʼҪӦǰ״ΪҪЩԶ⡭ҪԵʱſǰɣЩʵ̫߶ˣʱûûȥӦ
ǶҲԹ˳Щһ仰ҶЦʵ
ǳԵЩǾ˴ģûνħ֣õģԼŻԼҶЦڽ͵Īس
£Ҫվսʱ̡
Ԫǰǰ󸶳ԼħΧ֪ȫᵽԼС
ԭʲô
ԲҪͶӲķ֣ҪԼа֯
Уһشͼı
輺鱨֮УΪᵽļ̳ħ̳֮ҲҪ˰ɣ
ԪûмʱսĻǽսŵ֮⣬־ԪλħɾŴ̳һǰ࣡
ԣôô˵Žľսص㣬
ԼҪ֯Ҫħﳹ֪ǰǿӣ壬ҲҪȥΪԪ˵ԼҲǽһεĻᣡ
֮Ǵսڱڴ˶ǲܷŹݴսڵأ
һսδһս
գ˭ʤ˭дʷ
ֻ˵Ƕʷ
ħ£ƾ
ڴս
ҶЦһɫüΪأԭϢˡκ˲
ԪȻ˵սô;жôѾ֣ٵȡ
Դۣǲ
þ񣬽״ָ̬ȫ״̬ⳡħ֮ս
ڣյħ֮ս
ҶЦļ£˰
ֻħӪ֮Ӫկ
һȣʮ죡
ٶü˶󲻽⡣
˴Ѿǽߣ̱ӡΪλҪ
֮ǰһ·ʤһֱڹؼʱ̣ȴͣסˣ
ֱһɱȥϹһۣһнô
вж뷨
ȻҶЦӦУǰ̬ȴȫô¡
һ·˳Ĵȫʤ˵߳ɵʤǶԷģҲνļЩ֣ôɱģħ֮ġͳɱģ
һ㣬ҶЦĸġ
ԪҲħֵһ̣ҶЦоһǰδеǿвΣոо
ҶЦԼĸожϳԪΪҪֽ׶εԼ֮ϣ˾֮ǿΣոо
ǷȻǷݸӣҶЦһ˹
죬ʹһ·޿ƥУҲζԼʹ޵У
ԪͨΪҪѾ˼͸Լɱı߱ضͬСɣ
ǰħΧ֯նɱһɶȻŵһս
ԪôûоԵİգһô𣿡
ǾԲܵģ
飬һ©ܴڣһǡԡ
һо԰գԽߵȫ
Żô
Ȼˣôҷʵս൱𣬾ôóȻȥȻᱻɣΪħϡ
һսȴڱУôӦôʹʤߣ
óȻսʤã
սȴ־ԲУ
Ⱦǽѡ
ʱҶЦһֱԼ⡣
ǵӦô
Ӧô
սս
սذܣ
ôʲô취սܣ
ҶЦͷ
ȥòƾֻһ·ߡ
ʮ棬ҶЦһϵпܷľٶ
ȣҶЦѩ磬Ӧ˳ѩ»ʣ¹˪䣬ƽ죬ȫۼһ
Ҫ״ص˹ȴֱʧˣ㿪ˡ
ǰϾŴҶܿóħȻ˱ʤİգŻս֮ǰᣬ֤Ϊ˳ɾͼ̳ʼʵ
ԸôӴʵһŴҶףζʲô
ԣҪߴսʤ㣬ҪñȫԼôֻԼʵһ·ˣ
һϵʵ̸вħ𣡡
ԣ˶һϣﵽ𵤾֮ˣΨ֮ʸ˵вħʤڣЩϣΨдҶͻˡǲӵħıǮ
ΪĵƼ鵤һűܹӰΪÿʮţֻҪɵЧۿۡ
׳޸ĵƼ鵤Чס
ǡ
ǡ
֮һ仰鵤ƹӦҪ٣ֱӿڱΨһϣֻСҪǣʱ棬ϣͻƵ֮
٣ҪϵĹģ
ˣǲһʤĻᡣ
һսͲôˡ
˵ЩʱҶЦɫ࣬쳣ء
»ʳһ£Цˣղħֵʱ򣬾ֻԻţⲢǵĶԻȲεߣԴһ仰֮䣬ܵܶණ
˵˵һ˫۾עҶЦ»ҶЦ˼
ҶЦͷȷʵܵ˺ܶࡣ
»ʾ׷ʵ˵
˵Ҹܵһ޵оҶЦãһ֣ԴԹëȻ˵ҵƣ꣬ȫԷȫѹơţָо١
»ʵɫһӾͱˡ
ʵֺֹ»ʣڳ˾ɫ䡣
ڳÿ˶еĴмңβ֪ҶЦȻָоʹͲǶԷĶ֣ˣڲֱѹĸо
ҶЦȴ֮ΪߡԶԶ˵֡ҶЦܶԸħôˣӵΪ
Ҹ֪ΪǸΣٲνΧȺŹܹˡ
ˣĿѾ˳ɵ֮Ѿ൱ͻơ»ɫΪ㣬ȻħĶ֣ħʵôô
ҲħʵĻҪǿᣬ˵ϵ޵С
ҶЦ˵ˣôһ˼ľǽצȫɱ⣿
֮ô˻ڼ̳ҪħΪ֮⣬оԵİգȫƣĳκε⡣Ƕԣ˵Ҫģ취Ӧħľ԰գΨдԡ۲ʤ㣡
ħΪѾ˸߶ȣȻͻƵ֮ʤҲã»̾˿Ҳ˵֮ô׾ܹͻƵģ㵱ͻΣ
»ʵĻеڵ״ˣǽƾǰеսȥսʮ˿ʤ㣬ܹ༸ɵߣоһĻᡣҶЦһǳɵǳɵѩҲѾ˳ɵȴڡѩûгɵɣнء
ӦҲαʵͻƵ˪Ҳα
ҶЦĿ⿴ˣ˳ϣƮƹ˳Ҳڳα
ڳУгαصֻ֣жʮ֮࣡
ҶЦȵ˵ڸ˾ʵ棬ħʵȷʵ޵У޿ƥУǣħ֮µĸ֣ϣԲǸߡ
һ棬˼ǰѰٵģΨһԻħڡҶЦ˵
˵ķȷʵʵʩأҲмĳɹܡȻ⻹ûеõЩȫͻˣȫߵħ֡ʼջҪħ𡭡һǻǡ»۾ǵ˵
ڳ֮У»ΪϳɳأȻҶЦ˵սԣȷʵпԣȴҲףһɳɵҪĳܣںκεȺս
ȻħĴﵽĵزôʮȫͻƳɵħҲϣã
ҶЦȻ̧ͷĿ䣬ע»ãһһصǻһУߵһУ
ߵһУ
»ʻȻ
ߵһУ
ߵһУһУͬԱʽ
ɵ֮ħʵߵʲôˮ׼ʼջڴ֮£ƬصƣȻкϹʮ˵Ĺģȫǵɾĳ֣ϧķԱħļʣȻǴڵģ
֮ҪͻƣĿľΪ
ҶЦĿƸ۵ķ񣺡ܹսʤħôζħ档˴κƽٱ
֮Ȼǲܡ
ҶЦҧҧǲʤҲҪ߾ȫħצȫǽħľŸ̳׻𣡡
ֻҪĿ꣬ЩȫֻҪǾŸ̳ûˣħצҲûˣ˴ħĸҲûˡҲ൱Ϊȡʱ⣬ԼһĻᣡ
ҶЦ仰˵ն
»ʳ۲֮⣬𶯡
ԪʳʥɾΪ㣬һ꣬ʼڵĹģҶЦȵ˵Щȫܹ䵱ħ꣬Ҷʱ̳ĸ߽ߣν֮١
һĻۣҲǵڵĹģ
ֻҪǰǽվϤսԿɼϣںˣ
٣ħ²ʱ
ҶЦĿƣΣһսұҪŬޣȥս
ʤӢۣӢ꣡
ʤҲ޻ڣҲ
ΪΪһսŬ
ҶЦĿƣλҪΨУŬȥ⣬׼
ԴٿԴǧΪ
ҶЦµҩϣдƿϵģÿһȥȥͻưɣ
ΪԼҲΪˣ򣡡

ҶЦµҩת˳ȥ
ʱϹ˰˾ʮˣְ˸ţɢ޸ֻ֣Ҫӵнӽ΢ƿˮ׼ƿߣЩˣѾ۷ߡ
ƹʮλ¹ʮλ칬ʮλı˸ҶЦһֵܽá
ɢ֮УܹﵽλҪģ޼ҶЦ֮⣬־ֻˣ
ʮ֮ڣҪΪҪɿһսĲΣΪδΪƲΪħ߾
ҶЦµ൤ҩÿ˶鼤ȡ
һǧΪ鵤˵۵üãǴ˵веľƷҩЦô˳óô࣬޳˴ҡΪ˴һս
жĪ

ͷЩֻعӦʵж٣óܸʤ㡭
ҶЦ̾˿ֻعЧ⣬ֻعȷʵܹΪһ죬ӵеԪ۷ΪҲͽֹڴˣǱΪΣ֮ȻΪϲ¥ȴͻ΢ԽԪ۷ϵЩ磬עΪ䡢ƽ졢õǵľΪϸ˵ֻ»ҪʤѩһȴҪһʱĥ£һͻƣԾǽЩֻعˣôҲ󣬾ֻʮʱ䣬̫˸ͻơ
ЩѾȥһŲεߣǧΪĵѾ㹻ˣͻƾͻˣͻƲ˾ͻƲˣ޴־ôˣ
ȵһֵͻ˽ҪֻعӦãȻһ˵ľ࣬ҪΪľֵ÷ֻعʵѡҶЦЦһҹƣҲֻ߰˸˲дľ
棬ҵҲȫȥһҪȷáһҪǣһսдã
͵ǰԣäĿսûκΰ෴óȻ֮һΪħļ̳ṩòʧֲԣϲȡ
ҶЦܳء
ӦͷʾϿҶЦ˵
˵ﻰǰȵģǼˣǲԽ󱳽еˣˣʹεĳ൨ģվǸһ㡣ҶЦӦѩ˪ºƽ죬䣬
Ѿ𵤾ģȹΪȣȻٽһã
ڻûнģǾֻʮʱ䣬ÿһ˽뵤֮ʤһ֣
ҶЦأԿħȥķ򣬱˶ˣħ죡
ħ
ｫս۵ս
ʤܣǴഫ˵
ֻ֪˭
ҶЦºԳЦЦһЩ±Ҫ㲻ȥȥܻ׷㣬㡢㡭ϻصһҪ̤ϵĵ·֮ϡ
ȻٸһѡĲ·ڣ
ҶЦ˳ȥ
ˡ
ҵ·ѡˡ
һսڱУ
ʤ
ҶЦȻ̧ͷⱬ䣡
һ̣Ŀ紩͸˲񷣬ֱ䵽⣡

ʮ졣
û˿ħǱ߶Դ˾Ȼżôĵš
ҶЦԤʮ֮ڹȥ
»Ǳޱչ״̬վ
ʮԼȻͻƣͻƵĽȴܶ࣬ȴ֪ôˣ
һսҪĻôҡӦͦġ
ΪţΪ򣬻Ϊˡˣ

˳ҲǱأ۾ʤ˪ĮȻɭĮȴ̺һԵĳȡ
һսעҪġ
Ѿ֮ȴһδɽ𵤡
ҪĻôϣǰ档
ע֮磬һܻǿԵģ

״ͬʱ۾
һѾԲ
ź
˼ʣħ֮սĹؼʱ̣ܹϹͷһԼԻ͵δô̸ԥ

˲Լͬ´ȥ
һļᶨɡ
ҶЦУɫޱϲ
һߣﲻ룻һط£һԲ
ʱ˿̣Ѿò˵ʲôˡ
죬Ǿսʱ̡
̶ʱ䣬еԪ۷Ϊϵߣۼ
ܺãҶЦ̧ͷĿɨһȦһɫ峿ʱ֣һ죬ȥħӪʱ֣ħ֮ʽ
ǣ
ڣħΧѾȷȫʣµģ־ֻħĹǸһǸ֮еĸ֡ԣԪƷ֮µߣ۾Ͳòˣ
ڳֻ֮ǳĬƬ̣ͬʱͷʾϿɡ
ڳеǰΪŷּʶǻͷԶ֮ˣȻ˲ʱҶЦ仰ڡ
һս־Ǹ֮еĸ֣ԪƷµߣǲ룬Ҳ𲻵κãʹֻ۷ֽսನ¾ԽЩ˲ʱ
ǷԱҲʲôЧֻΪԷװ׵ṩħѡ
ͽ޹ΪŰ
ڴ˵һ䡣ҶЦ˵һսֻǣ˶Ҫעһص㣬ֻ˵Ǵ۵Ĺؼڡܶħ̳ƻãôԱȫԼΪȡ
Ϊڲƻ̳ΪǰʱгɹŵͬھսΪ̳
ҶЦĿ磬һֵһ㣬һҪסˣǧҪԣ
˵ɫתΪأԼ쳣ѿ
ƻ̳ȻŵͬھУ
Ҫòƾе̫ߣֻ˵̫˰ɣ
ǵǰҪ֮񡭡ҶЦ˵ͻȻоһëȻΧϯͣ˵Ťͷȥ
ڳҲʱоͻȻܲһѹ֣ͬʱתͷȥ
ֻ棬ﶥλէŤһӰȻ֣ɽ紵񲼹ĹĵӰҲ֮
˲Ǳˣħ
¡öԵսԵʱħȻôĿŵĳˡ
Ϣջû
ڳȫȻû˷֣ôġ
˿̵ħ𣬾һ棬϶ΪһΥ͸С
˼״Ȼ
񶥲񲼲ͨĲƥħ˹ٲȻһӰӣȴüȻӸµĸˣԷһɭֲĹЦ
ԭǣ̳Գ㣬û뵽Ųʮʱ䣬λô࡭ڿ̳ˣȻħܽܽܽܡ
ˣ
»һ׹Ȼâֱָ񶥲ħ
˶ħأԹЦȫܵͼ
ȴ׹ⲻƫħĴϵӰλõش͸Ŀӣ֮һ
棬ҽȻ
Զ׼»ʵĹǵжħɰ˺Լˡ
ħӰϳĵɭЦܽܲϡ
ֻһӰʣǿͽ޹ѩ缱æѡ
ħǰϵĴЦѩЩʶȷʵͽͳԣӹţƾĶݡ
»ЦһȻħħħԣħ£ұܲ⣬ۿԼĶԼǰۿԼһѪһ˼ʾȻܹЦôҵΪ֮Ŀ
ħɭɭĵһ֣
»¶ɻ󲻽ɫ
ҵĶӣҵ£ǲûֻǽħ̳Ϊ˼̳һ֣̳϶ΪһͬǻħɭɭЦţȷӣ֪Ϊħ꣬޾ĺô
»Ҳ֪Ϊħĺôνֻ֪ڵʵǣһԼⶼܲɱ֮ܽתΪħˣѾ֮ΪˣֻһͷͷβɥĲħ
ԪѾˣ
Ѿ»ΪһŮ񶾵Ļˡ
ħ֮ȴǲΪܣΪ٣Ц޾֮ˣл佱ҼΪħΪλҪԣ
ұħħΪҵħǱħ֮·չޣ
ԡ
ΪٵļһһҲǵһμһʱ治֪˵ʲôˡ
ҶЦĿзâʢעħ𵭵Ԫ벻վżˡ


699 ս
ħɭɭĵżΪʲôҪżż𣿡
ҶЦ˵ǲΪҪǲȥ˰ɣ׿ĺᣬЩֱӷ̣һأҰǵǰ֮ߣ
һһͷǰΪʲôأħ֮Իμɱ¾ħΧľӪĸһһϣĿĲվ̳ɾͼ̳սһսҲΪĿģǾʹ˱ս̳񲻾ͻΪ㣬һ
תһ룬ȴһ㣬սϲߣһս֮ƾʹֱ߻䣬⻹ΣħħսƱشٷɣʧȥļƾʲôԿħ׷ν֮ߣֻѰ·ľߣ
ȻҶЦڴ˿ıս֮ߣħԣͬԸϵľ棬һֱս״ͽƱҶЦ㳬ǿߣȴδûħеǸ㣬Ǽ̳ɣĶΣҪ·Ҫٳɼ̳ɾܹͣ󻧣ʼЩǿߣÿʧһǿߣ൱ʧҲħԸġ
ħЦȥҲãվһħ꣬ȥҲգվһħꡣ
ҶЦЦȥҲãһֻ׵ļȥҲգ㻹һֻ׵ļ
ħɫһӳ
Ĳڷҡҷԭͼʵɫƺһ˲ƣɭ״עҶЦԣãħӰͻȻҡҷ˲ʱν֮˭Ǵ׵ļʵվ˵
ʱ⣬ħ֮ȣǹ飡
ħٷһĴЦ֮࣬ϵӰʹټʧ
Ȼʣȴէ޷ħ죡
׹Хݺᣬһˣ޾ħƷۣǰХȥ
ֱҪһ㡣
һ̣Ƭ棬Ȼûаɫ
ħأΨҶƣһʱ
һɲǵħ죬˾ɫ
ƽ׵˼ֵġ
֮ǰһҲǲ֪ħʵǿϾһˣû൱ʵڽطƣˣ
һ£Ͼ˫ȻȻĵϿ˶Էʵܻʶıô֣ܻħԪʹ˵ãվаʤսգԾһʤ
Ȼ˼ʣĿħչ֮ƣ˾Ϊ֮𺳣׶ȶľս֮ģ
ҶЦɫٶȷħ֮۵Ҫƻ̳
˶٣ĿѸһȦֵڴԤףλ˲¡أ
ӣ
ҶЦһϺȡ

ħȡ
ʵɽԭֲħȣֻǾϽһɽȡֻΪλΪԪ⣬֮ѡΪħܲħ֮̾ȻȻظħȡ
һ˵ȴ̼Ѿɽ֮ǰ
ĿħڴĿǺɭֲ֮¡
ȿںĵֱͨͨĵȪ˶˵ĺڰڡ
ӹȿλ￴ȥȻɴʲôֱ޾Ѳ
˹󲻵֮ľԴƬ̣ʱʱɨһɹɹ񺿵δ洫֮еͷƤ顢Ƥ
⣬ħȵϿգŨĺɫħ죬ڱա
ҶЦ״üͷһ䣬һԪţӿ𣿣
һһߺѩϵЦ
ϴ仰˵ʮ㣬ҿǻɽҰ룬ܼ֮أֻһ仰ҶΪ¥ߴ¥ӭء
ٺЦţüë
⻰˵ʵڣɲоôѩ°ͣ۾˵Ǵ˵صЩøԪĻôҿ϶ûʲô˵Ȥ
Աߵѩ۵ᣬӶЦȻˣЦú˵
һǰһŮȴͨ죬۾Ŀɱ˵ĻһѾŮ׺ݵĿ̵ܴǧٿס
ŮҲû뵽ȱսΣΣĳ£˾Ȼܿڻ¡
ǿ벻̣̣
ѩ׵壬һץס⣬ʮȣأ쵰ʵ̫Ҷˡ
ħб˶ˣһĴֻҪ̤ħȣǵһˣ
쳤ЦԪһȥҪ˭ȡ
쵶һӣһâͬն˲һ㣬˴һ磬Ȼɽ֮У
š䡱һ죬ɽȿ±Ӧɣݣ
һɽľ񣬺쵶âնɽʵޱҲէһѷ죬Ȼޱħ漴ֺˡ
ҶЦĿһݣ漴һ֣ѩ硢»ʡ״ص󣬱칬Ŵңͬһǳħ֮С
ͬʱҶЦ쳤Х
ϣ˸һΥӥȻ
ҶЦ¶ϲɫ׿죬нһ漴ٴûƲ֮УУ¡¡
ҶЦһ˲ʱ޾ռ֮Уʵô
ǰͷӿ죬һȻôҶϧĻشư顣
һʧ
ҶЦõ϶𸴣޹˼ɣһչħ֮С
ٷ۵и֣ҲҶЦħС
ҶЦͷȻֻһҶЦڶεͻʱħѾȫ޼ϵǿҾײ죬ȻǰҵɱѾĻ
ħڽգ״صĺԶԶ
ɱһͺˣȻ
ħҽԺѩ
սȻֻǳչ˫սĿԪȻħ֮еޱħգҲ÷
ҶЦһ֮䣬Ѿսȴɵ֮УʱʱѪԼս쳣ļҡ
⴦ħ֮أλ죻ͱ겻ɢ֣ԪѡΪħӪڵ֮󣬸ȫ̽ԱħûаܹУȻ⻷ȴֲַָΪһ˿˿ɫĹâսǱ˿ɼȴӰߡ
˹ȱ˶ˣԶԶĿԿŲͬɫĻ档
ɫɫɫɫɫ
һ֪ǱҶЦԵĴĿڣħ̳
ħħ̳ĿǰѾ
֪Ϊ̳̫ħμ̳ڱΣ˫ɱĳУеǵۿɼķʽֱӳ̳֮ǰ̳ڸɫ֮⣬̳ҲѾ
Ȼ̳ҲѸ֮У
һ߸ߵ̨֮ϣһˣ¾ֵܲ͸磬ĿעųеսһԲȴǾչ
˲Ǳˣħ
ӦһϮʤѩ£ֳ˪һչս
Էɫ籣һΪĪ⣬֮ľӦ˿·磬˲ǱˣǵҶЦսһһĨ졣
ҶЦϾԹˣֻҪզ಻ѣһĨʵսԶڵձֳ֮ϣԼһĨһսܹռƣʵ̫ɺϣ
ǳ֮ʱһĨС֮ģ֮ҶЦһ̬ʧ⣬ҶЦıʵΣս·磬ˣҶЦԾԵشˣĳ϶֣ȫչطһ˴˾
Ӧ˼ΪҪʤǰ֮Ժ֮ռ˿ƣʵʵ֮ߣɼһߣǰ׹ӵ֮ˣ
Ķ֣ȴһӡ
ǰʵΪҶЦ֮£ǰİȴҪʤֹһսֲýţǰȴǾþս֪֮ʵԶʤڼֻزһζأΪտԪʼصȣصסʹʵԶʤȴ޷һаʽս־þӣ
ħ֮еħͷĿҶЦô࣬ȴҲǧ֮ÿ˶ָ߾Ϊտþս֮
ԾӦսɼһߣ
սȫҶЦǰ㣬ϼǿݣǿƹħֻ̳Ҫܹ˼̳սҪĿɣ͵ǰԣһսûʩչأ
ս³ҶЦĹ۲쵽ȻҵĽսΧ֮УħһߣȻԾɻвûж֣
Щ֣ȫڼ̳⣬ػ
Щػ̳֮ˣÿ˶һֻңңż̳֪䵽ڴ̳ڱ̳
ֻҪҪǿдȥƻ̳Щ˾ͻ֮֡
һ֣ΧƼ̳ļһŷǺУܾ
дˣ⣬ȫڵһʱ˶ˣ
֮ս˾ˣҲΪ棬ҶЦжϣЩΧƼ̳֣κһҲʵҶЦ֪򣬾ûκߣܹһ֮ԺϹλӵߵĺΧ
ɿħԼ̳İȫѾȫš
ҶЦһЦ̧ͷգͻȻһԪӹ
һХףħȵռҲû˼Ρ


700 ԣ
ϣ
ǳʡ
漴һ
ҶЦһ˴һ쳤磬ХţԪХȥ
Ԫҿڵųһֵļһмķɣ
ԪƮȻħڼ䣬Իûһž޴ħ۾ҶЦĿܹܽЦʱ̣ȻҪк½һһս
δ䣬Ʈͬʵ飬ҶЦϮ
ۼħϮҶЦʢǳѤޱȣڴ˿ϢƶһصĽ䣬
˼ʶĺӾҵضţĺţһ˫С۾עԶľ̳¶Ĵɫ
ءȻôȻȲɽǴΡĺٰܲ
ҪҪģأֿԴһô

УҶЦǿסħ
а˫һˣ׶չս
һ֣ҶЦԷӴĵһ˲䣬Ѿܵǰδеľ޴ѹ
˵ҶЦһͦСĻôħص˵ҲǹЮԺɽƣݿǿ쫷硣
ͦС߿ڿ硢аȻǶΪҵ쫷磬Ŀô
ֻһ˲ĽӴͦСѾ쫷۵˿Ҫ۶ϵĵز
ҶЦľƽ֮⣬ɫ˲ʱͨ죬乶
ҶЦѾ߹ԪΪȴôҲû뵽Էʵ˹ȻһָоһʼԼѾѹե˵ߣ
µĻڣԻδȫ˿̵Ľ֣ʱļѡ
ԭʹָǳһ̣ȻǧܵĿճʹֻһҲҪþȫؿ谭ܽӴ˵Ĺ
˹ѹҶЦڿµѪҺٶҲ˲ȥ˼£ԸоԼ࣬ʱܱѵ
ħһƮȥ˵ΣĪ˵һֽƬעҶЦҶЦ֪ʲôʵô
ҶЦѣͻȻһ𣬻µëϸѪ׽ر
һ̣ҶЦȫת޷ӣ
ڳ˲䣬ҶЦоղԼܵȻѹȻ˲ࡣ
ԭǱ׾˲ʱָԭ飻ɽǳЮħͷն䣡
ףħΪغһȻʲôͻʩµ
һŨĺǴӭǳǿ
ҶЦ״һݣǿдݹ֮£ǳϸ˼
͸ƶϺڶȽӴһӴ࣡ĹŹ죻漴жۿɼƵʣϰˣڳֱ룬ǳ֮˸ɭĹ⻪â¶ڱɱ
ħ跢һĳХȻǣǿмעڽڽڰ˵ǰһ֮ϣ
޾ĺӿƣƱԵĺȻǣѸٵػָ֮ǰû뽣ӴʱŨ̶ܳȣǸʤǰ
ңŨĺڳӿӳ֣ô˴ԮǵƽƣƷˣ㡣
ˣ
ҶЦһ޻صĽƾȻŭǿϮʵ̰ʧǳЩֶ
һΣ⻹ҶЦӳǳ״ʧֻҪǳ޼᲻ݣͲƣȻһȴ׳ܼ
ųƿٵصһ񹦣ȻҲʧһ̣
Խܹ۲ҶЦħսֵĶС۾һУ̾Ϣأ񹦲ǿ˲ôǿᣬʵεĸߣһڡ泬̫̫Ĺǲòܡ
͸ͬƽͭ϶ǻƽֵʤ࣬ȻһƽļֵܱȲһֻͭĵ·
ۣ
ǿƶƴҶЦһʧЩһѪȴǲĺʮȻ˼Աһڽ綾һļ̹ҶЦŲͣǳһӶȻһȴʶһĳ
飡
͵ϮǸħֱͱҶЦýŲȣɫףҶЦһּŷ֮ĺУ˿أֱӱҶЦһƽԴ˸顣
漴һħ껯ٷ̳֮С
ҶЦȻħƴУ˺ˣĽΪȴʵʵĲ滨٣λԪƷħ֣ͬһϡ
˵һƽһ֮ͭ࣬ͬûпɱԣ
˼ţСԣһǱɱ⣡
ǱߣһҲƵХƴҶЦæ͵һƳһӰļ֮һ·ɹ
Ǳ
֮;ļʮħ֣ȫһ˲䱻ױһ⡣
ͬûĻУžϤѣ顣
ǰĿѾɵģ̳
ԭĶ֣Ǹӣѩ
ϵ飬Ǹӽƾܳʱ֮ԻֻΪơ
֮һָҪҶЦ翴Χڼ̳ΧȺʵĸĪ⣬ѷҪôҪһҪһ£ʤԲŻѡʵȻҲǼߣȴԼ޿ɱԵİӣ͵͵Ӧ¹˪ã˴˺Ӧ
壬Ӧ¹˪붯һıѾõģƾԵͻȻϮ
ԭĶ֣Ȼкѩ֣ѩ΢ϲ¥ռ֮֮ǵ٣ɷ磬ûӰȻʱʱ棬̿̽Իõĳݾ磬ʱͬʱסˣΪѣ
Ȼһ·壬ȴɵ֮ƣ޿ƥ֮
ҶЦǱȻֻǾһƳסˡ
ҿѾͷɶʱȻ߱ȡԳ֣޵Сĳ
ֱǡ
̫ţ˰ɣ
ħҲʱŤͷգȥѾͣȻħҲѾˣһԶ汾Ϊǿƥ˼ѾȥȻĪĵز
ʹ̳ߴֹҲδر޷ֹۣ
ħУ̳İȫΪһһҲҪ·ǿƳѳɣȻҪأΣѿ֮С
ҶЦ״һҧХһǳڿһ󼱼裬漴һԲĲǺȻ֣Ԫһ
ҶЦٶһճӶȥָħԪ
δѾħȫ֣
ҶЦ֪ԼԪ൱࣬һĿĲܹɱħֻҪסħĽŲħԮ̳㲻
ħθն͸оԺƷϮּҵƿ죬ħʱʶǲһԼ൱ص
֮£ħֻöסȥƣһУҶЦϮɵóŭݺݵ˵ҶЦұôɱ㣡Լȣ
˵ŭХһħٶڡһ֣ʮ۳ΪֱۣҶЦǺҲƵȻӭ˹
ҶЦ״ܣٳˣķʽħħֶײһ
һߣ񲻿ɵ޿ƥеǿƣһ޻صֱɼ̳ϿգҲƵƣӶһ̲ͣ߰ٶй£
̳Χ߸ľһĸȻͬʱ߸ƺһ壬ʱڼ̳Ͽλã
߸ǺϮȥ
˼ʵ䣬˫ڰкȻײһ
䡭
һı죬𡭡
ͬһʱ䣬ҶЦħĻ֮ײһҲ֮
ɲǼ䣬ħӹ̹Ŀռ䣬Ҳ֮ҵز
һƺߣҶЦ˺һҲƵطȥһ·Ѫ磻ղȫΪһ֮Уħƣлٴܣ
ҶЦһ̣ظܵԼλõĽ𵤣һƴ֮࣬Ҫ鿪ǻԲɫǳ˼ɼѷ졣
ܿһ̣ǶЩˡ
޾ɫԴ޾ռڿӿ룬ǿгҶЦĵ̲˴
ħһе֣Ȼܳȴȫһ£ѸǱ߼ȥ
˼ʣ̳߸ˣһ֣άֹ̳Լػ̳ʣԸһˣǴ´֮࣬ӦıѾãϵлȣδ˫һӴ˼ʱܣͬһʱѪˣֳ߸Ǳ״ˤڵ֮࣬һѪ磬ÿ˵ɫί࣡
춯صһ߸ȻѾ߾Ȼȼħֵȴǵֵס
һˣأģȫ飬ȴǱһ֮£÷飬Լǻˣ
ǱȴҲܣӱڿֱֱķȥʮɣƺһһӹһ˿κ죬ȻһѪ˿
ߴ󶥷ǺУһķˣʹȫʹ֮ӲӲԾ޷ˡ
һƴʼʤˣһС֣˼̳
һСҲ൱ܣվǺ˼̳֮У
ɲǼ䣬·̳ת̳΢ãͬһʱ﷢һëȻһɹĪܣĥ̳ϵħ𣬲ͣҡҷ˺һ󣻾һöڿгҡҷ·ʱϨ
Ѿѹô󡭡
һȥζż̳ʹ
ȻʱӰէħȻڼ̳Ͽգһɿǰħӿ£ҡҷļ̳Ȼʱȶ
Ϊ֮һ·
һ̣ȻҲһ˲䱻ֹסˣ
һ۹ߣ˲ʱжǰƣͬһתţϿƺϿյ޾ħҲתһ壡
һ˶ʯ
ҲƵƱԵĦʵ̫죬͵ĳһ̣ڶȣż̳
ͬʱõ޾ռԮҶЦ粻ҪһķӽһǺӣϹӨȻ֮Уɲǳͣչһ֮ż̳ϵħ彫
;ħַ׷ײƺ¶֣Լ֮ҶЦع
ҶЦȫȻܣ㶨һ޻أ޻أ
һǱһƾѽһѵԼϣж裬һĳ֮ƣΪע쵶֮ڣһӵصľ޴âһ죬ŸոܵǸ̨˹ȥ
󵤳ɾ֣ȴͬľģͬɲ赲籩ż̳߳˹
˼ڻּ̳ħȻ׵ɾǿܵҪĿ꣬һ̳ħ𣬵ܣǾҪӲɾǿܣ
ħһ˿֮࣬ϲ飬ԭɵ־ֹһ̫ˣ̳֮ձڽ񳯣
˵һΣȻֳħ
ħ˼ʩչȴ뺮ѩ΢֮죬ѩԼûӰ쵽һּȻųơʱʱ棬̿̽Իáʵֻһ棬߽Իãħһȴʵ壡
ʵħ䷨쵱ʩķֻһޣֻħʩչǿǿܣ
һħڿնϣӭһһңֱֿҶЦ
һ̣ħ棬ͬʱнһ
пһէֵˣܵң޲о۾һʹɲǼ侹ʲôˣ̲ס۾ҽһ
ͬʱ֮ҶЦѪӦˣƺһǿƣȻеѪȴȪһ㣬ֹ޴ӣ
Ͽյһƴ֮࣬ȴͬǧ޴ȻһǣҲάϵ٣漴ʶؼ¡
Ӧ״һ漴һѪȴشݹǱȺչ˹ƣͬʻˮ棬ǿгһѪͬѾ״̬֮彫ȥ
νңӦȻʩչһʱһǿͻԣ;ĵ׷ھӦϣһϮɫȹɲǼѪ£ӦԴȫȻܲˣһ˹ȥ֮ǰڻ
Ӧӵһ˲һɣʱһѪȴʩչķղųܵһԴս
ħֻħӰһƴ֮ࣻͬʱһطУӰһ»ָħװ磬棬ħһƴȴҲǲøۣ̲סһڵѪ
Ȼͬʱ𵤸ֵȫΧʱǿħҲˣ
ҶЦȣȴ΢
ҶЦǿ֣Ǻ֣ҲһͿأǣһӦҲܴ
ħħ˹
һڵѪɲɵ̳ħȻ˶Ƭ̡
ħ𸶳Ľдۣ˼̳
ϧҶЦ˴˼ʿûûЩ飡
ҶЦȻڵһʱͳⴴĵ񵤣һ߰˿ȥʱǱսΣɲǽʡĵڣһߵҲͬĶ
ӦҲ˿أ൤ҩ
ռϷħûмʱ׷ϾɱǱ۾ڼ̳ϷվţԼȻһŵħһڲѿħʵȻǿóҲ޵δȥ޵еĸ߶ȣҶЦǺϻ൱Ӱ졣
ȻħûǿгѡϢ״̬Ҳػ·̳أϾղһ޳һٻ߸Ϊ̳ĳǿߣħڴͣҲйӺĴ㣡
˼ħδս֣ȻҶЦҲһ˵սϤʧȥ˽ҪһӦӦղǿⴴҲǷʹأսҲԴչˡҩͬʱҲԼ˲鵤ҶЦڴ׼֣ԼߵСÿ϶䱸Nĵ񵤣˼ӡ˵еĵ񵤣ҶЦһСϣôֵĴײϡ٣
֮ħҶЦˣҶ뾡һа취ٻظ״̬
ѩǧɣ
µգ
ѩ¹˪ղҶЦչǽʱ򣬾չƣħ־ܶļǣƣȻ˼ʣȴʩչУǺħ𷢶
ż̳ϵħȥ
ò˵ѩ¹˪ѡʱ൱˼ħƴҶЦǿ֮״̬ȫʱ̣ħԾɲܣܣԾɻ֮ǰһ㣬̳Ȼᱻݻ٣ħֻѡӲӣ
ǻΣͬѩ˪ѡħ֣˴ȻʧˣԭǸǣƵħ֣ȻҲ֮ˣ
ѩħ𣬹ȻǻᣬЩٱǣƵħͬǡ
ᣡ
ӰһһĨƹһȻҶЦǰʮɣͬϢҶЦƹ
󱲣
עҶЦ˶ѩ»ͬʱء
Ȼͬһʱ䣬ս뺮ѩǸӸҲѼٳ
Զ׼ѩ˷ǵĶ֣ҶЦϮڳȴҶЦ֮ˣͬҲΣ
ΣδزתϮΣҲתΪɱе
ȴҶЦ۾Ȼ񺮹⣬һ̣еǳԻûΪһ۵ɽȥ
ǰǱ߻ûü嵽ǰؿһ۶ǳ͸ض֮էȻ
ӲҺһǰʱֹͣͷ۲ŵעԼؿڵ͸󶴣ŴУȻĿ飬һֱѪ˸ǻ¶ɫ
ɺϮǳ˼ʾǰڵϣ˸ǳĹԡ
ӵشλãŨۣظλòס̾ᣬȾҪ޸Ѿƻ񹦵ȴε̾жٺۣȫ޼¡
ȶչѩʹ価·磬ʼհܶܣһʵ֮ǿɼһߣղǼڽ϶ϲڱҶЦһϧս֮ϵκһⶼʰĽӴõ֤
ϣ
ӲȻȡ
ƸѸЧΨħһ
ħ˿ڵϢǿ߱ȻоΣѩ˪õĹ١
һȺ
ħȳȻԼµΪǲ⡣
Ѿһٴ˶Էǿ飬Щ˻費ס
ħΨһľֻм̳İΣûע⵽ħѾҳһϡࣻ߶ڻսȻħʵǿģһĨ֮Ҳ˪֮һǵȲΡ
ֻδɵ
ˣʵȻǴ´ģ纮ѩ˪ǿʵȴʵʵڵزס
ȻΪݲ֮࣬ǰѩ˪òŸԹѵж࣬ǣסħ֣
ħһ𣬲˷ӭǽȴǲòΪڵ״̬Ѿڼ̳ӭӽ
ոˣʮտԱȫ̳ನ
̳ߴ֣ھ㶼һ˸Ǳѷħ޵˹ͷ
Ůˣ
Ȼصô
һֱʼΪҶЦ檣һʹЩ츳ʵף伫ޣû뵽ǣŮ˵ʵսȻҶЦ֮£սԼս۹֮ϬȻҪҶЦ֮ϣʱôһϬɫ
ħɣħȻ˪кѩսһ
ڰӵİţ粻
ˣħȻ뿪Ǹ̳ҶЦĿûڵһʱջǳͻȻһĽԣ


701 ħ֮
һ̣ҶЦȥһѽǳץУŰӾ񣬵ĵȥɣȥһħ꣬ħ;
һ˿漴ȻԳҲƵЦЦҶЦҶ鷳һ¡
ҶЦʲô£
ҵЦЦһĨ촦ţҶ׹оɣгһգҶܹٿ׹ӣΪҴһ仰
ҶЦĿһ׹ӣǣ
ӺٺһЦ˵߶Բס˼ҡ
˵գͻȻһЦ쵹¡
ǰӵʼ۵һ죬ͻȻѿһƺɫħȻɣԴԴۼΪһ΢͵İӣüȻأҶЦƺҪ˵ʲôǱħѾһȡ
ħ
һǿһĳ֣ǿ˺Űӵż̳Ǳ߷ȥ
ҶЦ״һϺȣǳ޾һնڰϣȻҲ֪ôˣȻٶ޹κãߵһħ꣬վ޿ֹؽǼ̳֮ڣ
źһ̳ħͻȻǰڣȻֳǰδĻɫħ棡
̳ⳡսУڳͣ
ֹ̳ͣԶĵ̳Ҳʼð̡
ħۼһ̳ɾͣĻ䣬ЦҶЦ㿴ô֮ǰеŬͽͣ׾ֻΪҵļ̳˶ѣ
ҶЦЦһô»ῴļ̳ϤУ
ħЦӶȻһΣֱͬʱ񿪺ѩ˪Ľȫ׵طɳһһһȺ֮С
漴һĲҽ𣻲˲Ϣ֮䣬¹λ֣Ʈƹλħ£
ӰͻϮڣһ˲ʱص뺮ѩսı֮ϣ̶Ц֮ˣء
бһɱ˵ȣɱ˲㼴һ߸ʬע˵̳֮У
ҶЦ״ѣ٣ɱħħԲⱿЦѵǾΪܵסɱ𣿣
ٻΣһӰֻٻһɫħӰһγȺһƬҽкʮϡ
Ӱɱ֣ٶȻع鱾壬ħЦҾ޵еĴڣҶЦȰǻǹԹԵɱɣ£ν֮࣡ǿάϵȥֻӸԼΪ
ҶЦһԲչǿ͹ơ
սּ֮ʱҲ«һΣֻһӰǿƳ·սȺǳһļ˸ʮλħ־ڲҽл˺̡
һĨʶ߾ܵıܿҶЦɱУҶЦɴϷս֣һζ׷һĨչ׷ɱݺ磬һĨ岻ϵѪҽУſսַ
де󣺡ϡ
ħһһĨǰӲͬ൱üֵȣͻȻһӰ֣ɲɵصħһĨ֮䣬ȴͬеϡ
ˣͬʱȡ
ħԲһ㶣ǵӰѾսȦ
˪һ̳ԭԺǵӰȴⷢƶ켣һ䣬Ȼٳħе޾һ̻˿ǰң
˳ħͬʱеĳַɳԼ֮ƴһĨѣ
һĨ۾۲ŵضǰ֮ˣ˻еˣ
˹ЦҶЦվ㿴׹ӵ£ֹ֮ҲӢۺú
δ䣬ȫ·رסħһ̣һֱ̲ͣӷԱ
ħľʵַ̫ɽûתͷħʱ򣬶ȫһ·ȻĶЩʱȴֱЧ
ħ룺ô£ô¶ıҪʲô˼붼û仯Ѿ޷˵ķԱ
䡱һǰޱէ֡
ĳĳľٶʵ̫Ҹϣ˼˼飬Ŀĺѩ˶ըನ˳ȥΪĿꡢȫûκηħֱӾǲҺһһ첲ֱըɣ
ӣҲͬ̿һ㣬һƬ
ħŭ״ĴУ⡭
ֻϧĺѾһģѪ⣬϶޷ĻʲôãҲˡ
ҶЦ״ҲһӶסˣгľ⡣
ǧǰ׹ӵķƸ¥̵Ů֣ųƵԭΪʱǨѼ˵벻쾹ַʽ˴˵еĺʢ֮²ʿ
һ·ߺã
׹£Ҳкú
ҶЦ֣˵仰ҳϣҼУʱһ仰
ǱߵһĨǰѪӿĿɢ૵׹£ҲкúҲкúҡǺú𣿡
ȻһЦҲ㡭
˵۾һϣʹȥ
˲䣬˸ʬ
һĨĸΪۣʹҪܴγɵ˴ӳ֣γɳƻħѸѹ˴δûлħԮǺԼõ壬ȴķʽӰ쵽һĨ˼һʱ޿˲ʱ޴棬Ƽӱʱ
룬սֵʱһתѩ߽еΧסħչһֵĽȻħܿǰشϺ뵣֮Ķոձըֱۣγ͡
ԺϹ˴ֵΧħֻһֵֵֻǴݲȣΨȴҧгݣĿ
Ĳǣ
Ҽ̳ɣħſұȻҪһȫħ𣺡Ҫĥһʮ갡
󽣹ӦѾָ˵
𿴵ҶЦϺƴײһ㣬ϡʵƼ鵤һǾǴ˵вŴڵ£רĳ鵤ˡ
ûж켶ı̬ڣԻһŶ죬ղƹȻѼδˣȺⴴԼָԪĵ鵤֮󣬲һת߻ҩ״̬ʱͻָɣӦȻ˼ʵȴ֮У
˼ѳʮΧħ֮ħȻһ·ϵˣٲ֮ǰ޵֮ˣΪ˹ѹƣԭѾըļ򣬾ڲϵĸԭ
Ӧ˪˶мңβ֪һ첲첲Ĳһħϱۻָֽתļ٣ȴŹˡ
ս³ɥԽԽ࣬ħĸֲѾ¾룻̳ȴѾȼ˵߸һĨ֮󣬵̳ħͣ漴ڰҲʼðˡ
ԤŴ̳ܿҪȫˡ
ƫƫǰħȴƺôɱɱġ
ѵһμ򼸺жǿߵħ֮սվҪʧܸգ
ʹս޻ȴվкޣ
һߣƹӦ˳켺Եڰ̳չΧ
˳εȴȻһϵбƶϳսʤʤڼǷܹھ̳ȫ֮ǰ֮һ̳ⶼߴֻػֻõ̳ΪͻϮʧȥ˻ߣȻ˼ʾ̳ķħ˳֪ԼЩǿֻ̳бħ¾ȫ޷أϼ֣ڳ״̬ĵڰ̳
ϧ˳Ӧ˵ȻȷʵʵʩȴδϿؼ̳ħߴ֣Էÿһ˶ľտΪ˸ȥսӡ
ҵսУһ߲
⣬ֻһֱãսָռħͻȻɫһŭô£
׶Գ⡢ħʮǿԱƿΧˣҪس塣
ȻǷĳֳħ𲼾֮ıʣ쳣޴󣬾޴ħһֱ۸ԭʱ䶼ٵȴ
ҶЦ״һס
˾ԣҶЦеôУϱ³򣬷׷ƴħŭȴ԰˾ûκ֮£һΣԻûߵӰż̳ȥ
ħ˼ʩֻ֮Уû취֮µİ취ħֻܺƴ󣬷ֻȥħӰ壬ʵڣɱǾˣԳ־֮⣬ûȱ㣬Ȼ˾˵ʩչʱĵȻҲͬСɣħ۷״̬ʩչȻ࣬Ǵ˿ȺȺ𣬸ʵʵذ˺Ա岻˼ۿۡ
˼ʱ٣ڹۿӴʣٳУҽӵ˼ޣͬʱֻߵħӰֻҪκһħӰܹȥʵλãȻ
ҶЦӦѩ˪ºѩÿһǾþУοƴ˼ʵĹڡȻǽ߾ܵħֻħӰ
ħŭ𣺡
Ӱͷع鱾壬ٻΣħȻ仯һʮľˣһѺľ޽ƴ󿪴ϣһռѷ콥γ֡
»һСıħ͵ĽɨϾȻʱһ͸Ѫ⻹㣬˿ڱʴ߼ͬһѸٿή
ħħǸϲ¥˷׷ܣȴƣħ˾ٷƴ˱仯ħƱĸޣѳ־ãǷʲôҶ֪飬ħʩ˾ֶΣҲҪͻ˾أ
оһƳȴԭԼճɹƻĵ̳ħ𣬾Ȼ֪ʲôʱϨˡ
˼ʾֻһƺڡ
״ֱţһ֮࣬ɴ˱۾ٿϸȷȷϲסħ𣡲Ҫлȥ
׵Ĳ׵ģ֮ȫͬһʱƴ
ħʮħŭ𣬿ʹȻʹھǿʵ˲ƴ۵Ļ֮£վһҲûܳȥ
ȥӭͷҲҪײȥ
ħŭɶŭȴվ޼ƿʹ޿κΡ
ٹƬ̣̳ħҲ٣׳ţҲð
ˣԼɼɵ̳ãƺҲڷ΢ı仯
ںīòҰס
ֽεı仯һ̳֮ͻȻ䡰һһ촷ۣ
˼ڼ̳⻹ŵֲԼͬվ뻮һһѪ̱ڵأһƬãһ紵Ҳ˷ĩ
ʹʧ
ħŭ𣺡쵰쵰쵰ô£
⾿ô£
ҶЦ
ҶЦ˵ң⵽ô£㾿ˣʲôֶΣ
Ŵ̳ʧһħ̳Ƹ־ʹƾ֣Ըɲħܹܣ
ҶЦѪȻƲᣬȴǰ벽ˣǳ͵شһĻùƣסħߡ
ͬʱһӰԿ쵽޷ݵľٶȴһƬĩ֮з˳ȥܽ˵̳
ǰӰƶٶȵ쵽˿ƭκߵĳ̶ȣ̳߸֣Ȼ޲ʵĪ˵ǣҶЦûʵսĻڱħߣħҲδܹӰټ
ٶȵļ£ٶȵ񻰣
ħۼԸЪ˹ȻĹȴԽԽңҶЦȻо֧Ųס
Լˣ˶Ѿȥǿ֮ĩĵز
ħԵĴݹ壬ʼպһ㣬Ʋɵ
ʵҲǣҶЦдѵҩ޾ռԲϵս˿̣ԾɲоΪ̣Ҫ˵ˡ
˻ܹ֧֣ȫƴӲͦ
֮ǰΪסħ𣬲Ԯ̳ЩԱķʽǿħļߣս˿̣Ӧ˶ЩԾԾԵ˼
ͳɵֲҪԱһҪҶЦŵóһͷ亹һԱпֱӵȼһ̳ħ𡭡
էŴ˵޲һ亹
ǰô磿
ҶЦĻ˲ҪäĿ嶯ȴҲͬʱħ
ǰŴ̳һȻħ̳ƾֻ֣Ҫȼħ𣬻ǿ޸ģȼħһ¿϶ѣǴ˵ȱľǳǿߣжɵǿߣ
Ŵ̳֣ԾɸֵȫΪȼħĸǰֻһ̳ƻ٣ֻҪٻɱ㹻ߣǿԻָ̳ģ
ħХһٺˡ
һ˼ǰ壬û뵽Ȼˣȫܵһ󲿷һи֮࣬һǰҡҡ׹ĸо
ԭʵ̫ˣ
ݹȣѴݹȵüӣһиͺһһ
ħһɣ˻һĹ켣ȴһͷײڼսսȦ֮Уд󽣿֣һһ·ɱȥ
һǡֵң˾ɱ
ǰʮϢʱ䣬ħѾϵɱһѪͬ;г·ϵߣħ֣һ⣬Ϥɱһɸɾ
ħߣս˿̣ÿ˶սƣѵ״̬뵽ȻͻأɱôһԵķӣƫƫӵʵǴʮ״̬ʱҲвġ
ֻʮϢʱ䣬ǧ˱ħɱѪɺӣ
Щܹڣһǵ֮Ǹ֮еĸ֣ȻҲԶѰߡǧ˸̣һɹɺ̳Զߣڰ̳Ȼʹ˵ȼ
ɫĻ棬Ʈҡ
ڰ̳ɾͣ
ţĵھ̳Ҳʼð˵̣
ͬʱƺҲһŤ
һ̣ڳˣ۵˫ȫһ˼㱵ĸо
һ̡
ھ̳Ͽգ޷ħμеĿһƬƺĳ£ڽγ͡
ħԽ
ȻЧȻǾȥɣͳͳȥɣ
ٶȫٷӣһո
ھ̳ơ
ҶЦ˽赲ǳȫҲܾԼһĸֲ¾ɾڶԷħߡĵİﲻʲô
ɱɱɡ
ħս֮ϣ˫˴սʱ˿̣Ȼֻʣ²ǧ˵Ŀ
ߣ𣬾ħ꣡
У޾ĺڳۼῴȥ޾ֱͺһ˶޵ī˸Ź޵Ĺʡ
һ̣ռŤԽľˡ
Ȼƾճһſ
˶īǴţ
ħ֮ţ
۵άϵȻէŵ˲䣬ԭͲ԰ȫѪɫݣһӱòҰһƬԭ̳ĿľҪ򿪴˵еħ֮ţͨħ硭
ֹ
ҶЦ
ֻܿҶЦΪڳʵҶЦģڣڴҶѾûʲôսѸΪõԱֶΣ˼ǾԲʹõֶΣһʹֹʶ㲻ϣֻӶ񻯣ΨһָģҲֻСҶЦϴ漣ļһϣһΣٴһ漣
ҶЦϲɫһɼᶨĵҷģһк֣ħ𲻻óѣ
ȴڿ𣺶Ѿĵ׿Щ㰡ﶼ֧Ųסˣ
ħ𲻶ɱˣ̳ھ̳̻ԽԽŨеħ֮ţҲԽԽۡ


702 ħ
ھ̳˾Ŵ̳֮ףҪԲҪȻҲԶ̳̳Բħǿ֮£Ҳ
еǸŻҲԽԽȻҪγʵʣ
ħͷһһЦϢҶЦƾһȺϣҲħ֮·Ŀ
ħ˼ʵĴϢǾңǿҵսһֱڣǿħ㼫޴ݹ֮ҲѾ۵ÿҪӽ;ƿݵĵز״̬ȴ쳣ٱҶЦԻࡣ
ȻҶЦڴĶȴʼûжҶЦ˼תۺǰ״һ򣬵̳Ѿȫ٣Ŵ̳ƲȫΪλħ֮ţ
ΨһĽ;ǣħ֮ŵĳȻԴھŴ̳ھŴ̳ÿһ͵ĵһʱ䣬ѾȡҪЧܣݻһ̳ӰҲ
ܹ̳֮ȫٵˣ޷ֹħ֮ŵĳ֣
˶ħЦ¾ĪȻէֺ¡һ죬īħ֮ź棬ͻȻһħţµλħ𣿡
Щ
Ҫȥ
ѾŵǱʵζΥζ˴ѵζ
ҶЦ˼ʱΪ֮ɫ䣡
ħ
ȻĴڣ
ħŬûа׷ѣۿžܵ湵ͨ˶˵ħˡ
ͬˮտ˹һ㣻˶ˣѾӰӰ´µؿһȺι״ˡ
ŮڸǹɻصǿϢ֮࣬һĻ
ϢȫжϳȺħһԼЩ˶϶ϾͲǶ֣
ЩħֻһҪǰħ֮ϣ
ܹϾȻĴ˹ǿħ󶼲جΣ
ֲ̫ˣ
̫ǿˣ
ƫƫ͵ǽ״òѾ޷赲ħ֮ŵĿˡ
ھ̳֮ŨԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼеħţҲԽԽʵ
Ȼ΢ʱ̣ͻȻСꡱһ촫
˳Ϊħͻƿǰϣٴ˽磬ɵսĿȥ
ȴǿзѾʵħ֮Īضһſ
Ҳֳһֽҵ״̬ƺħ֮޷ɵӣ
Ǳߣ֮˻
ô£ͨزˣ
ϽţŰ
ɶҹȥ

ȻȴԽԽ΢ƺ˴ԽԽԶ
ħȻͷĿĿȥȴȻȼħĵ̳Ȼ֪ʱϨˡ
ſؼ̳λ֣ҲϤ˷ĩͬ
ǵˣ̳Ҳڻȥ̳ã¶ϣһı˷ĩ̮
ڶ̳
ҶЦ״ϲԼжʵŴ̳һħ֮ſȻӰ죬ȴδزأֻҪݻȥħ֮һ޷Ӵݻٵڶ̳֮ħ֮ŵĽȣнԶѾ֤һ㣡
˭˭ħŵĴһӼҪɳˡڼ󹦸ɵĴ˿̣Ϊؼļ̳ȻȺ
һȫף˼Ī
ħֻоھ٣
ļ̳ԭַҶЦ˼եסȻ˿̵ħȴƺѾȫɥʧһ㣬ʲôںˣʲôˣʲôĴˡȫȻĲںˣֻһż̳Ǳ߳ȥ
ʵ̫֪ʲôԭ򣬵˭ٵ̳˭
һҪǸٵԸף
һ̣ħľʵ͹ɣӦѩһǽӴ״̬ħ𣬶Ƕ߷һ㱻ɳȥѪްս
ħǣֻҪָ⼸λ㼸ƣЩλȫһ߾Ȫ⣡
Ȼħ˼ʰնݳǿеͷûУһζţţǵɫħѪڲѾʧ¶һŤΨһͷֻҪǸס
ҶЦ̾Ϣһֵܶ˲վǰͬʱ𣬸Թ޼ħ̡֮
ճײ
Դ˿Է״̬ħ𣬿һײ֮Լ˾Ҳˡ
Ҫս
ħۣ֮ݣ޻ڣޣ
ͬʱһӭȥ
ħ¶Ŀ⣺ɣ
ִֻſǰǿʢħ֮佫
Ȼʱ
Ȼͬ쳤һ㼫ٷȻ˫Ӵһ˲䣬䲻ݷ֮ʵסħĽ
ħ̬ſʤ֮ʱʵΪʮһʹֻʮһܣȴҲѰܹס
ֻǣէֵӰȴҲѰߣǵٵǿߣ
ҶЦǿԮʶһɣʱƣüҪ۾һǿ̧ۿȥ
ֻǰӰɽһվţǿħ
ţֹסħ˫ݺ֮䣬Ȼ̬״ħƵýڽںˡ
ˣһǸòĵˣȻ֮ȴƥһȴΪĿᣬɫˣţΨһ̫ԲڵĴ־˻ͦһ͹ĴӣòǻУ
ҶЦȻһͻȻۿһɬĵװٰζӿͷ
˾Ҷ죬¹ѩ򸾡
ΪԮ֣
Ƿ򸾶˾Ȼؼʱ̣Ǹϵ
һ࣬Ϊܴأ˼Ȼίڵص»էˣϲĽѩ
ʦ¹ѩӦһгѩһɳæлǻͷһۡ
ɲɣҶЦӵĿԡ
¹ѩȻһҶЦǰһģһ˿ʹһ˿С
תͷҶ˫赣ħչơ
̳С
ħǰһſڣһǿȻ޾ôԴԴϵС
Ⱥ̳Ķ˼ѾһʱĽٶȼӿ˲ֹʮ
Ҷ׳ӰҶЦǰʼûлͷ
ȴпʼſ˵
һսһ˵
ҶЦ
ˡ
Ҳ֪ôƺ㡣
Ը㣬Ȼֲҳ㣡
ǵԸ벻ҡ
оǣǲûа˼
Ҫ׵ģ
⣬ôǻһҲҪ֪
Σյʱ̣ǱȻվߵģʹΪ˸ǵҲñ˺һָͷ֮ǰ
ǣ˵ǡ
Ҷ鼤ѣƺҲ֪˵ȥͣƬ֮ͻȻһХ𣺡ϣ˭۸ҵĶӣ
ҶЦӯ
ף
ף
ϿңҲҡ
ǡֻܽϿɽܷĵףڱϣܡ
ף
⡣
ҵ⡣
ҶЦһХѾƣ۵˼㡢άϵ壬ͻȻٸһԾ𣺡ף
޺ˣ
У͵͵˵ллǣ
仰ֻ˵û֮ڿڡ
ĵһ˿ϣʹʧƺһȻȴָоʲôĶ֮һʵȻ𡭡
һȻ
һ֮
ڲէ֮˶ǻһݣתͷҶЦߡ
һĴϢ
ͻˣ
ȹؼʱ̣ͻˣ
ħҲǵ۾𲻶ҶЦ߿
ħ·磬ʵȴû̫Ҷ̫£Ҫл򸾵ĳ֣ĳ֣ԼĹǿƣͬʱȴҲԼķ֮סˣħָǣȻ˲ʱ㶴Ϥ˵ǰƣҡ
Ҷ򸾵ҶЦǺԱĻԼǰ״̬ԵˣҶЦǷԲ̳Լȴעģ
ħԲϧһдңκɾͼ̳ΨһֻԼˣԸԲǻ
˵Ҷ򸾽ħȫѹסˣֻħ𻺹һԶظһԪҶδ΢֮ΪҲǷַӵ飡
˵ҶЦ˿̵ͻƣľͻƣ
ˣ˳ȥ
ҪͻˣҶЦһҵ׽٣ħ
ħһ˲䣬ҶЦؼһ
׽٣գ
ʵҶЦԭǴ⣻γ֪ƾԼЩ֣ʹȺȺԾѵħħħһֱôƶϧ˹ɱ
ûаٷ֮һİգħֲɵôôԼ
ҶЦһֱ⣬սԣȣǿܹȻãͬʱųΪ֣Ҫ̳ħԾɲеĻ򲻵ֻԼ޾ռǿͻޣ׽٣ƴһͬھ
һʼͲ˽ӥΪһ֣ҪǺԼǿͻƣϢȷһԲⰲŽӥ÷׵ԣȷͷһ׽
ȴû뵽ǣؼʱ̣Ҷ򸾵ս׻׻οҶЦħһҶЦǰ̶ȣʹͻƱԵӦ˵ѾͻƣȴΪһħܿԽȥ
˿̣Ȼ˳µͻƼˣ


703 ħ
ǱԾɳռ̳ĿǰѾɵ˵̳
еħ֮ţһƬĵ棬𽥵ʧˡ
ħļƻΪֹ˵ǳƲ
Ȼħ˿̵ɫس֮ǰЪ˹޷״̬Ȼ޴档
ĿǰˣͻȻЦЦߣǸߣһߣ
Цһ죬˭ָߣɣǻ˱ıԸȻߣ
ЦſҶЦҶЦЦҶҪһ֣Ȼк֣Ҫɽ٣Ҫô뷨ȤҺܾޡֻأǲ֪ĴͻѶϢܴܲ͸īƣ
ҶЦʶһ£漴ͷ𣬼Ӧ⶯
ȻԼͻƵѶϢȥֱ˿ΪֹīŨ񣬱죬ֹգӰӶ
ν׵ϢûаѶ
ǵµĴͻϢڿȻ޷ͻڱյޱħ
ҶЦס
ҲҲУҪ
һ̣ҶЦޱȵҪ仰
죬Ȼħ죿
ҶЦңǵǸʲôħҧгݵָһָ
ָģǴ˿ѾĿŵվĶ
Ѿ̳ȫܣᣬȡ̳̲ص꣡
ħﻮħ̳ɽĺƱͬȴԶˣ֮ǰȻȡɽĺƣֻǵȡأЩƵλʵ̫ߣڵĶܴɣֻܵĥ֮
ħ̳Ȼÿһ߶վ˳ǧߵ꣬ʵ̫ͣ͵ֱӾ̺ȫ滯ڣչ鼺ãһ֮󣬽ͻƿƿͻ֮ܵٶҲˮǴߵԽԽ죬⣬ĶƤòҲԽԽ
Ŀһѩ׵ë
Ƕë
֮ǰա̺ĹУϵͻΣڣǵεͻơѾʲôˡ
ÿһͻƣһصëȻ˲䳤ë
ͻûж仯ΨëȴԽԽӨ
ţ˶ڳʱı󡭡
ʲôһֻèȻʳôЦ⣿ҶЦ˺ߣſڻش
۾ҵȻ֪һֻèħһ֪ǣǵһֻʲôèаˣ
ħһһ֡׽Ū΢оۿһж׼ˣʵֱԸߣؼǣħ֮ҪԴҲ㹻ġ
ֻҪҶЦսһ֮Լʰо֣һ̳裬ֻҪ˵ڰ̳ħ֮žͻ֣
˵ھ̳Բ״̬ħ֮ή٣ԼԼΪһεͻףȫħ֮Ѫ
Ψӵħ֮Ѫӵ𣬲ĸɾħ֮λ
Ϊ֮ܶһԸڡ
߱ˣˣħ֮Ÿոշˡ
ȴû뵽˵ˣȻһֻè
⡭ֱǡֱǱ˵ŵ飬ԻὫ˵µֱӴĶ¡
Ķ飬ȴԼϡ
ʱ˿̣̳Ѿݻٽ룬עȫƾ֣Լ֮Σ罫˰ǰҶЦ»ʵȫɱⶼáҲ޷ٽ̳ħ֮ŵģ˵ʲôħ֮ƣ
ǰĿĹ裬ŬȻһ̣ϤһλӰ
ղŷ޽ӽɹˣ˵ѾӴɹһ̡
˲ʱ̣׷̣޷תأ
ҶЦһ׷һֻʲôè˵Ҫ𣿻ô
ħɫںڣͷȷʵҪˣȷǡûģ
˵ͻȻ˻𣺡
źţöȻĿֱӴ͸˳ҲĴҲڵɫ
һ̵Ԫٷ࣬ħͷβħ
ҪҪһۣһ·ɣ
仰˵øƽɭȻζȴǺΡ
˾ħԵȷԣԼ֮жִ
Ȼħ仰Ÿո˵꣬ͿҶЦǱ߾ȻҲ̧ͷ쳤Х໡
Ļ֮Բһ¡
ҶЦһǴҪʲô
ħôһɤӣѾ˵ˣҲ
ɶѵҲܱ
ѵǴ˵пתǰ״ġҹС
Զ׼ҶЦһѿյĳХ϶ʲôҹСȴͲתǰ״Ϊޱڱεոλãű㴫һ˼ӥ
һ̣ҶЦȫԥһ֣ΪޱϤעǳ֮У漴֮
ǳͬһĨɫ⣬ȫ͵ش͸Ũܵħ˲ʱʧڸ߿֮ϣ
ħǳʧһʱҲ԰˼⣬ʵҶЦ֮Ȼ죬һħĿǣϧΪǳκβ˱˼ʧȥǿͬıԱвٽһ㣬ѵ㾹ΪǿڽͽħɢٽҲδ̫ˡʵıܹ͸ħƱѾǼޣԲܡ
ħ˵ͻȻס¶ɫʧ⣬ôܣôᡭ
߿֮УƺȻ쫷ħ˲ʱȱڣһ⣬϶
һ̣߿֮к¡¡Ȼ
ףڶ
էٵһɲǣ֮ħȣеħ˲䵴Ȼ޴棡
ֻܲһɫ磬ڿƲߣѣǵĹƵĳ춯ţƺž޴ܡ
˶ڵǰ״״ͣȫ㲻ףô¡
˵ܴ͸
Ϊʲôڣȴֿˣ
ҶЦ͸ħƣɵǰı仯
𰸽žͳǰˣһ⼫˸һͷ˶ޱȵĽӥĳһ
ԲԲ۾ҶЦľǾ
׽ӥ
ԼΪý飬ǿйͨطףΪҶЦĺԮ
ҶЦΪһδõĵڶ֣׻ˡ
뿪̣ϣ
ҶЦ촽δɫ׵ƺȻһ㣬֮ϵͬԽԽŨ񣬼Ѿݶȫסˣ
ЦЦ¹ѩڽһг˹ػǣֻ¹ѩ漴ͱҶߣҶ˧ǺεˣηֲػʲôʱȡᣬȴǱκ˶壡
ӦӿŲ뿪˵أΪߣȻ˶֪Ǵ˵е٣ʹѾԽûмˣٵû˥ԼﲻҶЦẦ
ߣ˭ߣ
ħһҪȥߵˡ
ҷжԣҶЦ˼˵ҪٷĪ˵Ҫ֮ԼҶЦϧðҲҪ٣ֱӾעĿ϶ΪĵˣֻҪҶЦĵȻҶЦͶ
Ͼ֮ħҲ
ҶЦЦӾԳħȥһħҶЦΪоȻԾɱȲħ𣬵˫Ѿ֮ǰǰңɼʤܣһʱϾǿģħŭɶ˫ҶЦǲܣƴȫԼеԪС
纣һ㣬һѱסħ
ƾħ˫ƣԼ쳣ĺ֮
һ̣ҶЦرħ
ʹͻ֮Ծûȫħ𣬵ҶЦȴֻȫס̶һ˲䣬㻹ǿõ
ڣ̶һ˲ȫѾȷܶ飡
ħ֪ʩչܾҶЦϣҪ
ҶЦʹѪ磬ǵ֡
߿֮ϵĽӥ״һĳ˲ʱѾҶЦ£űҶЦħ𣬼ɰɸ߿ա
ħٷһƣ˴εĿȴǽӥȻӥ룬ħŭ
ӥҽһӦƶ䡣
ôһ˲֮ҶЦħڵĸ߶Ѿ㹻ˣ
٣Ѿ׽ϵˣ
УʽѸҵĿ
ʱޱ߷ûͷûԵ佫
ҶЦħ˵ǰ״̬̫ܣȫӰӣȻΪ˽׵Ŀ꣡
ҶЦʱ̣ħǿзĸԭڡ
ֻҪٽٵĵһʱ䣬Ծɸ˾뼫ôپͻĬﵱ˶ɽ٣һ׼Ŀ֮ħ˲ݵ֮⣬Ҳ˲ȥ
ҶЦһˣ׽Ծɻ᲻ݵ׺ħ
ҶЦֶΡ
Ҫڽ֮»촷ۣħҲһ·

ħ𾪿״ĲҽУ׵ͬһ㣬к£
򣬾һ
٣
ҶЦħһϽĵǽӥ֮յľ룬ݳٷ룬ûбһ׽֮ͣ
ʵҪлħһƷɣӥ֮ܳʱ˳ƽ£׷ɣɢ䣬ȴǵɿռ䣬άסӵȶ°׵С
ӥͷԲԲ۾Ȼܴ˵ʹࣻȴ㻹е⡣
ħǿΣգҪҵУ
¡¡£ӥȻҹֱƽȴɳ϶׽ɢ׵֮ëȼһѸ
˿̵ĶѾǰ̳˼̾ڵڰ̳֮ϣűӵĴжڶӵͺţȴǵܳţҲ״̬ʮôССè˾޷èһרŷʶӵè
Ŷǰ̳Χػ̳ʮλ֣˼ʶϤһصĹǻңһ̳һ㣬ڣ
ǴڵĸĿģΪ̳
Ϊ޶ȵĴĿģħ𵱳ǽǵʶȫ룬תע̳γ̳ħ
ħֻһģʽ˹̳˭Ҳã
ǲ֪˵㣬űⲮȻˣ
ǣգû
ħܰţڶ±ת
ôְȴֻĿţؽֵܽĵ
գ̳ͬһҷ
˼ʣڳܶ͵̧ͷ죬ڽ׽ϴҶЦ¶һֺǺܹŹֵɫ
һ˷ܣֻ˵һԾԾԡ
ڣҪʼ
ħĹǰδеƵʣػҶЦϣ·ҪҶЦĳ⽴ӣħĵ׵뷨Ҳǣ
ҶЦȻѪȪȴǲ
Ͼǳͻƣ޾ռӳ֣ҶЦΪԱħ߲ƣ˵ħҪ㣬֧ԮҲãһζʼշǳ֮ƣ⽴Ӳһʱ䳤̵⣬ҶЦĿľͽҪȡһʱѣֻҪս׽һ̣һҲͶˣ
Ƭ֮󣬾ս׵溷Ȼһ̣ҶЦϵʱҶЦĵԼźտһ۵ʱ򡪡
ҶЦȴظоһˬ
ֻ׵ýڣȴǴðˬ
ڶɽ٣ҶЦԼ״֮£񹦣̣޾ռӳ֣Ҫɽ٣Ƕѵ飬ڣԭͲȫ״̬һħԸۣ׽ħشС֮ʱǳУ״̬ܶɽ٣òƾĲ;ˣ
ֻҪǽԪħҲһ֮»ҷҶЦźȴҲˡ
˼弸ؽ̼͸ĵˬʲô
ʲô
о᲻̫Ѫ̫;һأ
ҶЦԱߵħҽУ
ͬ׽Ϯϱؽðں̣ݶŤ
ҶЦ¶һ˿޵΢ЦҲ֪ؾԼòȻȻҪ˵ģղħѾģҴˬˣֵҾˣһˣһȭغħϡ
ħҶЦķȫҺ֮࣬Ȼް㻹ֱֱ֮˳ȥɳȥʮɣŻָ˻һͦվ漴ŭ
ղ׵µ˲䣬ħԣȻһҲܶγνġֱ״̬
𶥽ףħΪħ֮壬Ϊ֮ˡ
ħʼΪޱȣȫʩΪ֮£ҶЦ񹦶Ī֮Σ׽ɵԽֱֹƬ̣Ѿָ˹
ħߺ޵ȴҶЦһȭһȭȻƳأʵû̫ɱݳ裬ȴħŭɶƽ
ϧħйͷߺޣ֮죬ɫ羫׼£һպգ䡱һҶЦϣһȴϢħϡ
˱Ƚ֮£Զ׼ҶЦòƳܵøأأϵʱкðȻ屻ؽ¡
ȫԤϵǣҶЦһ̱һһʮĿħȴǻٶȽӲڿУˡ
ҶЦǿϷŹȻصһȭħϡ
ħУ˼ȣ侭ңȻֱȴҶЦ֮ƮɣҶЦǽ׷ᣬһȭһȭħϡ
ʱƣʵԽԽܼ񷡣
ħ𼸺ûаԽֱ״̬Ŀյʱ䣬ǰһԻûָһ׵УԸ֮ǰϾʵĽԽԽ࣬ⱾӦ֮⣬ҶЦǱߣ۳ܶؽǲԲʼջԾ״ؽ׷ᣬһȭһȭڿжչħŹ
ħֻܷܱܶеŭԹ޾һ仰԰ô԰
԰
ϣ˿У׷ǳһˣҶЦǴһĿħһҲ˳
ҶЦʲôʱôˣ
ͬϴħȻۣòƸ࣬˺صҶЦغû£
û£
ڶɽٹУϾʹħ
òƲ;
ȫ߸֪飬ϵķ˵Ϸ绯ʱ˶ˡ
ħ𲻶ϳ˫شԽԽ͵׵ؽϲϳֱѣѪһ׷£һƺ̣ϵħѾֲΪһħԴ˼ʱ׽ٲϵĶʹ֮£ǿл⣬һ⣬ͻᱻ׽ٽĥֵħԪܣ˵Ŀ¡
ҶЦҶЦҲͬȷؽȴҲ֪أӿħҪǱԭһϮµҶЦѱһīڵ̼ˣƫƫԽԽ£һȭһȭȭȭ⣬ԽԽǿɵ˺ҲǿһʼĲ۲˺ı۱˱˺ۣ
ڣ
ҶЦһȣԪħħԵаħ֮ͽڿ㵫ڹ컯֮³ףվֻ֪֮©ѭˬȥħڣ
𣬾ȻԳ
Ӻһļһתһżű֮ƺȻ߳ͬʱһˮ״ϸɫ׵֮Ȼ£
ҶЦһţȻ׵֮ݺݵغħϣ
׽䣬ħٷһҺӿصˤڵϣȻдʱ𶯡
һˤ˶ĿħϵƤһƬƬĵ䣬ء
ѵ˿¶ɫĹͷ
Ԫħ֮ίʵѾһͷͷβħˣ
ҶЦشӿ׹䣬׵Ҳֻţǧشһ㾶ħؿڡ
ꡱһħʹؾϧʹʹ࣬βʣǶãֻܼҶЦ⡣
ղһ̤ǰ߹ѾҶЦȶֲǣҶЦֻŴ˼ʸǺݺݵǻ֮У÷顣
ħĲҽţҪɫ׵֮ȫ޼ϵѭơ壬ȫûлظжԶֻǰδ˳֮С
ΨһģֻؿҶЦɷĳþһòãòõֶΣԼ˺
ݱʵݡ
һ䡰ԡôԣѲݣٻü磬աȶǿ̬֮Ť
ġС̼ˡҶЦĻһķţ˺ȭȵĹֱһƬɫ׵磬ͺ׺һ㣬ħӡ
֮ǰȫ޴ӹħӲ壬ڽؽҶЦǴ֮£ηѷֽ⣬һɢ䣬ħ
ħԼǰ״֪ȫκΣֻһķŭ𣬱ĺУɽлҪõĻֺôˣ
һ浹ķΧ֮£ʹħһ춯޵е׿ΪȴҶЦȫ޼ϵĿŹ֮£Ϣȫޣ
ֱɢɢٲ
׵㣬ӥݺӡҶЦɫ׵磬ڳ׿Ȼ֮ˣ׿ȺӢ
ʱ˿̣ҶЦȻϽ׵ǧٿסˣޱȣʵҶЦȴѶ϶׵ÿһ䣬ԼûɰʵΣ
Ӧ˵𶥽׸ڲϲԼڵʹԼ壬Ǳ֮ڵȫѹȥκһʶŹ
յĽ׽٣ɵĽȻ
ǶħЧôȫǸأ
ҶЦԼҲо޲졣
Ҫ֪ڳ׽ٵǻᣬѾ׼Ҫ׽֮ħͬھġ
ħ
ȴôҲû뵽׽ٵԾȻ˹죬ǿԼͬʱҲ֮Чħէֱǲƫܡ
νŪˡţŪħǣ
ȻʱһҶЦĿıʷˡ
ħѾҷɢԭأǽ𶥽ԾﲻϵĺţȻ䣬֮һѹķΧš䡱һ죬һźӿյ
һ޴ҹӰȻ֡
һͷͷ˫ǣȻ˴һĶаɸߣ໵ĽŷɱȻֻһӰȴһ־ʵڵ¡
ۿɲӣ˶Ǳķ飬ͷ߳亹
ǹͻأ֣ʵĽ𶥽ͻȻܶȼӴܼ佫
ǹĴӣȴʼӲ𶥽׺ΧէȻͣͻȻ죻ȻϾɱΪʲôƫƫҪӣ
״ţȻѹ׵ĺ
оһͷԷΣħĻ궯ҡ
еԽԽ񣬽׽ٲϵˮ״ϸɫ׵磬ȷޱȵͷէֵĹϣɫĵƣӴӰڿвҡҷţ֧顣
һź̲ϴӿֳȹ޸֧ħӰ漴һα𶥽״ƮƮɢ
ŭӲң죬Ҵҵķңңң
𶥽ڳһ˲ͣ٣ȴֹϢһǰ޴ɫ򣬾һž޴ɫ̫佫
⣬ɫ̫Ȼ䣬Ӱϡ
һɫ׵ܣͬСɣԶʤ֮ǰ磡
¡¡
˿عӵӰڱ޴ɫ׵֮ڿвϵŤͣȻ󡭡ա顱һ
ħӰʼħȻ𣻵ȴҲов
ޱ׵֮£ʹޱħʲôΪ
ȫû⣬ǰһ˲ʵȻħɷǼѾøɸɾ
֮䣬ظƵᡣ
еƷɢȥƿճٴأ˷Ŀ֦ҶһƬһƬű׽ٹŰ򣬾Ȼ»
һɢ̣֮һף֮䵽ҶЦϣҶЦڳܹؽϴ֮ͻȻɢ⣡
˼Ѿ۵ѣֻһϢ״ϣ۹ӵҶЦϵ⣬ӯ
ˣ
ڳˣ
ҶЦȹ٣
Цһд˴档
ʱܹ֮쳾ˡ


 ײ


1 ձ𣬺ʱ
Ӧ˵ԴӳԪ֮Ҳν֮µĳ֣λǿħߣΪȥ˴˽缫ޣħŴǿɴ˽ͨħħ֮ţ򳹵תΪħ總λ棬ǰ֮£ǿߣ
ħȥħ棬߷֮ţһζˡ
Ҷ¹ѩеҶЦӢͦ׳ӰϾһƬ
ҶЦ壬أڿмתţǽ𶥽׸ı˺ۣϤۿɼٶȸԭȬڣѾѺ۵ɫ𵤣ҲڴԪܹע޸֮ٴαñԲ
ңڵ󡭡
֮ħվȥʣؾһֱȿХҪ͵̬Ʒӵ壬˹ʹҶЦһ·췽ʽеľҲǰδеȻ·𡭡
·ͺڿϴ˿̵ҶЦһ㣬ҪԪܣҾ͹Ԫܣյ⣬յյΪֹ
˹֧֮£ǿϽɫĽ𵤣һתͻأѿ߲ɢ䡭ţ˵ѿɢǸһ仨˲ʢѤá
ҶЦҲûиоʹ࣬һɼµˬãǳĸо
ѳ˰˰֮ࣻѸٻһɫ뵵Ļ֮Ȼڵиתеȫ̺һɽ
֮䣬ǰ֮ƹȻȻǲԽ𵤴˼ʵδ֮£ɫĽ𵤻֮Ȼɴཫ޾ռ֮еĺҲһɸɾ
䣡
ҶЦֻоԼԺͻȻһ졣
ƺʲôˣӦ˵ʲôµˡ
֮ܶһֺ΢о
ҶЦۿȥĵһֻۣ綼ôãһһľһʯͷ֮ôɰ
Լ֮ǰսħս磬Ƭʢֵˣ
ͷ޳֮ʣһƬ֮УһСС˶ȫ׵ĳˡ
֮УֻԪܣн𵤴Ѿؿ˶֣
էֵС˶ֻСָͷСȴüȻ֫ȫȻһСҶЦ
ҶЦ֮£Դ˱Ҳһ֪Ǻá
ʶգգۣȴС˶Ȼգգۡ
ģ
ҶЦԼڵССҶЦȻգۣһɸߣһƬ磺ԲۣѵҾȻˣ
ǻˣССЦĵ˭أ
ޣҲǵòã
ţһ˭أ˭˭أ
ޣϹĥʲôأ
ҶЦԼ˼룬ԼԼͬʱȴ򡭡ǰ״־ںϵ伮֮ƵӤ֮˵ɣ
ֻǣƵӤ֮˵Ǳޣ֮ҪĪ˵겢һˣֻҪ׷ݵ֮ǰϹʱλóݾ磡
ҶЦȷϱ岢ʵʵķԾһµˡ
˼ҶЦɹ׽ȻҪΪ件ϲΪҶЦֻҪ쳾ģȴû뵽Ȼ˶Ϊ졣
ôûֱӷ״Դɵʵ
״صҶЦʦͽϵ˲ʵȴǺܷѯʣȻʳ˵Ĺͬʣ
ʦģѾо˴֮·ǰзҪߵĻʱߣûзʱޡ
ҶЦ΢ЦţʵǺ£Ҫ֪ұϽ磬磬һ֪δΣһߣȴǲ֪²ټԡΣҲҪҸǡ
״ͷοӦõӦõģɣǺҪӢۣΪϽ׳У
ѩ»ԾƲƲ졣
ϻҪΪơ
ȫҶЦĴǰһǰδеĸ߶ȣ
δ൱һʱµһ
ʵµһ
Ѿһ赲ʵ
㣬ҴκͷûʲôʣֻĽ£ûոոħǵȫʤǴϲֵοʱ̣ҲɣһԼսѡ
ʲôɶʺ޵ģ
˵ˡԼҲܿҪ˷ˡ
ӣ񻰡˵ʲôģȻڽȥһʱӶĳ֣֮Ҳضã
ҶЦָ˺ѣ»ЩǵĿҶ¹ѩôõĶӡ治Ҫˣ֮ǰЩ΢ĸңѵûлôǶð˵սˣ治
Ŀ֮¡
ҶЦ߹Ҷ¹ѩӭȥԡ
˶ӰΣ¹ѩ˪֣ҶЦ뻳Уһʱ˭û˵
Ϊʵڲ֪˵ʲô
һӵѾ˵̫̫࣡
»ʵᣬڿһˡ

ħ֮սʹĻƺȻиֽУѩ˪ֻ踺ලͺá
ҶЦȴƮȻȥ
Ҷ¹ѩ򸾴Ǳˣȥ
ҵЦЦ¹ѩһ·ϳĬãڼᶨ˵
ǵЦЦҶĶӣԶᱻ۸Ҷο

ˣҪȥ˳ɺҴҸҶЦˡ
˳ɫм԰ף֮ǰħ֮ս֮У˲ᣬ˼δԭ
Ҵغ½Ǳ߿ҶЦ̹ʵǱҵֵܣ뿪򣬱ҪȥǣϾ쳾űʵĲ죬׿ɻصġ
˳ͣסŲЦ֪ˣȥԸһתƹˡ
΢Ц˺һչǱĲ֮žҷ֮գΪʱԶӡ
ҶЦϻ۵ŮӣЦãʱٻڣ
˳ĿΣҶЦҶЦʱ쳾ٻ֮գǿɾͬһˣҪСЩֻ߶ЩĪҪҷˣƾĶӡ
ҶЦЦڲڣ֮·¼УһֱǶһּоŸнĶ֮˵ҵǣ
˳۾һЦʹ˵
˵׸ԣͬһһ㣬ȽȽȥ
ʱٻڣ
ҵǣ
ڴٻôȥ
˳һֱ߳ȥ˺ԶԺлڻ仰
Ƕٻ֮ֲĵף

߰ɡ
ҶЦ
Ŀ˼ǻȥҵһ硣
ߵģǾӦƽ죬䣬
ѩת˱칬ѩҲؼˣ˧ȻΨһһм֮۵ˣϾ֮Ⱥ˶Ҫգӭ׽ٵģԿ϶ûȥһºˡ
ѾԴķʽ֪ͨƮƹ߲㣺ħ֮սˣԲิԲչس˽缫Σһͻƣռڱ£ڱ£ڴ˽£
ⷬٱԣôƮƹҴ߸Ѱζ
֪ħ֮սųŮӵһֵϿûгֲսǱʵڸģҲ֪ƹʵǿỹ֮Уʧ١ҴƮƹ
ƹ۵ĶܹϽҲֻӦ˳ڣûϹħۺƮƹڴ˴ħ֮۾ǳСǴϵУѵóϲսˣһǳ˴֣Բ֮˵
ôˣħ֮۳һôˣϣ
Ҳ⣬ӺߵĻϵǰʵΣѾԳ˽缫Σշ֮Ϊߡҳļ֮УȻһϣ
ˣѾȻңԶ
ɻ󲻽˼ⶼӭж⣡
ʵŸշȥͺˡ
Ӧ˵ҶЦԼġ檡˵ʱͷ֣Ʈƹǰ˿ԼЩ졭
֮ǰħɱ¾ѰߣҶЦȾ֮ˣΪҶЦȻҲǸгһλ˽ĵģ֮䣬ƹ֮˵ľٶһλ߻ۣһֱӾǳȫ໤ƹˣƹ֮ܲ뾿
ۺϽ飬һкƷ˼ʵ򷴶˳£ˮɣ
ټٱԣֱǽ¶ŵ̨ϣ˾֪һУ
һֱ˿̣Ǻġ
涪ˡ
ԳˡôдôһųȥʲôٱԣֱӾǽһ˭˭˭֤ݣͽȥ

׸ԣҶЦ˺ƺƵĻص˺½
½֮ͨѷôҶЦȺ˵ʵѳ½λ漫ôôһȺ˼٣°Ѻ½ͼλݻô
ֻ֣ԵͽãԪԪԪδ鶥߲ҪĹǣҶЦȳǿߣΪ鷵豹֮ǲչʵ״̬ͨ״̬¡
ʵֻҪ׹Ůаˣǵʵʵεǿں½ǴúúõģλλܣҶЦҪɽֹȫߵĴߣλܴٺ½սٺ½ΪʲôʲôǾ΢ʵı֣
Ⱦ΢ƿ֮ܣҶЦյ΢ֱ֮СӵİϷգ
һǾϻ֪˽յԽ࣬Լ֪ǳŸȻԼС
ҶЦˣ
ƽһ½㼴ܵñӻ죬ǲڹг̶ȣҪҶЦ֮ϡ
ӣæ˾ȥ

ص˾ΥҶҴԺԸӦһҶĶҶЦͲΪ֮һףѾ뿪ôˣﾹȻסòƾס˻ٵ˵
ҶЦҲ޹¼ţƮ˽ȥһҶȻһַǷʮüųʦææµµػصŮŲһط
ﻹвٻĿǾž
ƺʲôҪڴ˾ۻ᣿
ҶЦ²档
ȥԼԭסСԺһʱЦáֻԼСԺͤ棬ڶȾơ
һб۾ͷ˵ȾƣȷʵǱһζôģҶЦǸ쵰סʱҲ֪ʲôܣǵȾƣƽ˷ĺõط
棬һļһ棬ϴҲЩ죬ȻҲЩȸˣϸĵ˱ĿÿҪȾƵʱ򣬾ͻᵽ˾ƾ͵˵ȻҵһЩö
б۵ˣͷʣҵˣҵɶöҲҹզûأ
޼ɣٺһЦ˿ڳϵĳȣ۾ѹǵ˭˭˭ﶪĶ˭˭˭Ķˣ˱ģܻǵҹŮɹ·ʱ°ɡ
۾һӵɴˣ˵Щ
޼üëһЦȫҶЦĻ࣬ɫ׳ʡ
˳ԾԲۣԭЦЦ껹һڣ벻
ԱߣĽӽҶЦһӵĺȻ
ԲۣⶼЩʲô߰飿ôͺһˣôһڰ
쵰ҪҺòãǿɲҸɵģҶЦǼһɵİ
ޣҵ˼ЩҲҶЦɵģҶЦҸɵġ
ҿʵ˵Щ治ɵģɵġ
˰ˣ˵ҶЦɵİɣɼʵ治ңҶЦɵİ
ߣӦһֹɶĿעҶЦһ̾ΪֹȻ͵˼Ҵ£ҶЦǳϢˣȻܹó
ȻŮҲֺ֪¿϶֮ǰλҶЦģȷʵǰλҶЦΪⲢ˿̾ͲܱҶЦ
ֻڱҶЦȻҲҶЦҪ飬ԸԼ⣬ǲԵģ
ҶЦ鵽Ů̺ʱŭֵĴ˽ȥ˶ڱܻġҰ˶
ˡ޼էһأԲţ֮ʣͻϲɫ

ֵܼⷬ棬˴Ȼ޾һ˴ڿЦ֮޼ɾԷԸˣ죬ŪƲˣǽɵôһ飬˲顣
˹ЦǣȥԸȥ¡һƬθ֮ܡ
˵ţվС֮¡
ҶЦԵʱһӵĺߣʲô¡
һȻ˵ղҶѾ˲٣һôʤѵ㾹˳֮Σռʤ㣿
ҶЦüŤҲ˲˹ƾôôһʦô
ǺȵÿǴʦողԴ˵Ч΢ĩҪȻΪҲ롭ûʶ¡
˵ţҶЦػһˣһֱܵһΪذȫҶЦһĵطָ
Ż
ҶЦڵΪĪ˵ô룬Ī˵㻹Ҷؽ֮ڣܳҶܳʵ۹ʲôôô
˲ǺǺЦ
ôһԼôԵȥ
ԼҲͰˣ;ӦŮӣ԰࣬ûһ¾Ѿܲˡ
ҶЦҡͷ
쵰ô꣬Ѿ˴󽫾ˣʱףǣȻôŵ಻塭
Ӧɫ졣
˿޾ռԪܵĶķ߿صĶǹȻһ˶뱾֪ϵ֮ô
޼Ŀ࣬һ֮࣬ƿڴ쵰Ҳ֪֣ҲﻹŮ죬˵ûЦЦҵţȥѵ
Ƿɱȥ
Ƭ̣Ǹ򴫳һŻ
ҶЦϼڳ鴤
ѵ
ǽѵôĳΪǰĿģЧǰ֮Ϊ
;ӦϵıΪʲá
ҶЦһĳ̾
쵰ǰƤˡ
ͬʱĵҲһƬů͡
޼ɣˣʼҶЦõֵܡ
ѩں½ǣã
˵ȨƵλһһ䣬ĿԷƸֻ꣬죻˵ʲôطȾƲУΪηǵԼԼСԺҪһݣ
ʹ˲˵ΣҶЦԼȴ֪ܲ⣿
ˣԼ廳ԼԼ
ޣҽô£ǽˮ޻ˣԼԼԼԼ廳ƣõô
ǺֵܣǣѩãӦסҶЦĸ첲˵õúܣ
Ҳ˭ĺֵܡҶЦ΢Цţͷʹȴǣ쵰ȫ޴־֮ڳϷϽ磬ȫȫûаľֻǵٻĿ⣬Ŀǳ
ҶЦһ̾ȴǽĵΣңҶЦתһΣյ˹Ž׿ԲĻǳ֮ʱ˲ĥ£֮òδػɹŽպУǷǷǷһԿۣ
ҶЦˡ޼ɵ뷨޲ɼⲻ֪޼ɡУҶЦ֮ĺγңɼ
˸־ƣӷ֪֣֮˵
ٻصСԺǸд֮ˣҶЦҲҪ
׵СԺ֮УԼҵ˴ʵҲǴСԺʼıԼ˹켣˺ٹ¼ţٸе䡣
˼ʻصΥСԺ֮Уȴַ·𿴵˵Ǹ޿С˭Ҳʶʲô֪̱ڴϡ
ʱǹ޾ϸչԼԼһĺ
ʣ·ֿ˵Ǹʳ꣬ʵĿϴΪЦ⣬һҩ·庢һĺԼԣҩˣ֮ͺˡ
ǸСѾͷüͷİ󣺡Ǻÿ࡭ܲܲȰ
ģһҲ࣬ԣҸ˷֮ۡ󣬻кóԵŶȰο
Щÿÿҹλأʼξ£ۿ죬иȫҸ̲ס˽ҶЦĻճյؽеӡ
ϬҶЦϧؽڻЩдĵôˣСѾͷҿǺþûпޱˣ滨꣬ǡ
һ죬УҲûء
˸ۣȻ˽εζ
Ӧһ߿˹ѪһĻȴͷһûиоκεΥ͸УֻоСԺʱ򣬾ǹϵԲǢĹŮһжôȻȻȻݡ
޼ɺЦ˻ԶԶľʹУҶЦǸǵðſ²ɣ
Ħȭƣʶʶǳ˫۵Ϭ
ҶЦЦ˫ۣ˫ۣ˫ܣҿĪ˵˫˰ɣֲ࣡
̫ˣϸһȻҿǣˣϣѵĿˣ޼һŭ
ԼʱҪͻȻͣסΣתͷб۵զϣ
޼Ȼ˵Ĺ١ȳ飬Ĺϵĵ
ɾ佫Ҳ򲻹ѽʿǴʿݵ˵쵰ָڿӣ˵ЦЦ֣Źֱ֣Ӿͨ
ҲԻһʶ֮һ仰ΪȻôʾδս𣿣᲻̫ˣ
޼ͬб۾
ۿԭվһߵļһȻڧﶷҶЦЦԷǣȻҲ֪˲ĴȰ䡣
ҪȻ¿Ƣһ޼ɴèҲǶϡ顭
ⲻǱѾͷôǺþò޼ɿ;Ӧȴ֪λǣ
ʹ޼ɵĳȣէŮգҲ̲ס¶Ľ֮ɫ
ûˣоӦҲţҶЦһ
ӦҼ˵ԭɩӸɩӰ޼ʶſקģ漴ּʱĿڣһȵĽɩӡ
ɩӣ㻹ûнãǳø֣νˮ൱ģǧҪǵùСܣһĵ
ô˵أŸռզôأ⸱ݣЩеûģ㻹Ҫɩã޼ɣЦЦֵܣɩӣнûûУСܿɲ˿ɱȣ˹Ŀ㣬Σٷ硭ǺǺǡ
޼Ҫ˹İ࣬һ¹ޡ㡭ܻĴУֲһﱳغ󶼽ڼڰԼֵܶڡɹϵһҸ
ҶЦǰһڼֲѽ󰡡
޼һͷߣһԼƮȻ
ԭ޼ƴȨ֮ȫȻ˽һСΣڶԱεýп죬ƫƫŭԣͶڼš
ҶЦաѻЦô޺֡
Цһᣬȴûϱ飬ѯʾӦ
Ӧ󷽵˵ҵĽûв٣仨㣬һöഺҲûżң⣬ҵԸġ
Եʱϲɫ˲䶼
ԾӦɫĽѿˣ
ҶЦЦ˵ɩ⻰˵һҲûЩãǹɫɫ塣
죬ˮյĵģ
ҶЦ϶ĵͷ϶ģһ㣬Ҫϱ㣬ǵʤȴ
ָʲôôôߵۣһ׷ʡ
۸ߣߣҸ˵ǵͷһղģϵˣǻһ֮ʱഺҶЦǺЦ
ôഺôܣ˵ŲţˮȴֱӾ̶ˣһɾ޻ٵ
ģ٣ܹ֮ഺΪǵһǡԺ󲻹ٴʲộʲôսȫҪʲôַˣӲҪʦڣֻҪǵϱֻһͿȫ⣬ԡ
ҶЦ˵
ŴͣôֻһŮˣܳ䵱
νʲôҶЦƲƲ죺Ҹ˵ɩӵЩãһúܣһԲϴĻһɽ˴˶Ժ䲻£ǿһ£ĳ̶ȣʹĳ׹ҵľӣΪ𣿡
Ӽһɽź䣿˻
ӦЦЦ̶һ˶治Ǹ¡
˻žӦǿЦģ޼ɺ˵һֻоԼȶӶڳһʱȻЩˡ
ȤҾɩӸǲٲģģǶǣֻҪɩӳ濪ڣ¶϶ܳɡҶЦһ˭ǵĿ
˰ɡɫǡȿȣʵ˵ģٺٺ٣˵ġ˴˰žͦãͲ鷳ɩˡ
жڿ
ҵš
Ҫôһϱ˼š
ԺⱲӵӣͲˡ
Ȳ˵ɽ£ֻҪʱԼϵʱ򣬽޻һഺΪһˣ϶к֮ǵģ
޼̧䣬˲亹Ŀֱⷢƾ亹ӶͷϵЦ˵Ҫˣĳˣ޼ԺҪȥӼ˵ļѻȫϵĽ֡ǿġ
޼ԵʱһһŴƨϣ쵰զ˵ȥ£˼ҹ׽ڴԴԴͷԣ

˴ЦǾǻá
Ʒ֪ǧ٣ֵܵһپƣһֱȵҹ
ڼ䣬ʵ۱ǰ޼ɽ£޼ֱӾ͸ˣɼ򵥴ֱҲˣ
ñطֵ֮䵱˵Ļ˶߶߶˵ŵ£һ˵˵ž첱ӴŤһţֿ󼸾仰ȴֹЦЦһţ˿١
һپһֱҹ˺޼ɳ࣬ƶţʡ¡
һҶЦվŲνߵͤһ࣬ңʵޱҹɫ
ǰһ꣬˴ٻԤ֮ڣȻԼˣȴ֪£ܻص½


2 մ
쳾űʵĲͬԼϼңǹ磬Լطֻǻؼңȥ쳾죬ȴһڣһд㿪ʼ
УҪؼǣԼһλʱԼֵܣ
ҶЦ˼档
ã̾һȻ˺޼ǰ˴˼ˣ²֪Բţأ૵˵ʲôǡ
ҶЦһֳ˼ŵҩÿ˵Ŀж˼ȥ
ֵܣϣ֮գپ

ں½ӣƺĿ죬ֻһת۵ĹʮѾȥˡ
ʮҶЦһֱֵܺȾˣǮϷ԰ܹӵܻģǾˣ˭
һʱʻʵ۱°ͷֶ˺üڵĳʳø벻޼ɣ޼ɾǺڰһ䣬Ҳˣøˣ˵㲡ˣӰɣ˼ܳһòСյУƺȫȻ˱顣
˾Ծ̾ʲôѵǿСһ˱λżдԣڼ䣬˾ΪС˴˻ջֻҪСһԵڣȻ̻εΪۡ
С˭أֶΣѵϱӾȻȹ½ܵô˵ã
ţ´ҲжϳСҶЦ˴ǰ÷Ӱòֻܿݣ˼ľһòڵС
ĳӹﻹǺܾԼǰܲڵò㲻ƯҲ࣬ϸȻĳ뿪֮ĳСһ³ʵ۹Ĵ˵þϢԶ
ݴ½ݻ޼֮ʱòŮӶѡӣϣ˺øУÿÿʱᱻ˱
ִòĲõģС޼еĵλǲɶҡǲȡģν֮Ӷ֮ҲͲˣ
϶⻰ڴ˲׸ˣ
һ죬
ǵöˡ;ӦĿҶЦǣעҪһȥġ
ҶЦͷסŮ֫Ǿһֿ
ǣҲֿ
Ů۾һ˵
ɽ׼𣬺½϶ǲܴˣͻƵԪĽףһըٺ½ҲֻҪ׽Ϣէ֣½ҪܲסɲǿЦġ
ҶЦʱǱֵܣ˻ת
޷ף
˫׽ǽٵƣͬСɣȻʤյĽ׽٣׽֮ʱΪ֮
ҶЦһλתڱѩ֮ΪŮɽٻɽ٣˭ûиߡ
صһгȫǱܵġ
ȻҶЦҲû뵽ŮǶɽ٣˫׽ٵĻ۾Ȼز
ڸоޱ޾ĺ֮ߣͬһʱ¶Ϊ𺳵ɫÿ˶ڸԵط
ɫ
죬ķ˳ɹ׽٣Ͻ硣
һĿǰ׽ٳһһҹ
һ̣гֵ߲磬ޱ֮أü֤ⳡ񼣵Ǿ׶ϲɫ
ɹˣ

ΨһеԾķҶЦ߸׼ȷһ˵ӦǸо޲졣
ԭܼ򵥣Ȼ֣ԼĽ׽ӦŮ׽٣ֻͬ˵;Ӧ˾ģͲһ¡
ŮĽ׽٣֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ϊ׽ٵ˵ҶЦ֪ԼǴν׽٣ûʲô֮еֻ֮Ҳһƻһ棬֮Զʤƻ֮Զڱף;Ӧ׽٣ȴɳƵǾһް
˫׽֮ʣӦĽ׽٣ܵҪǿһ
ˣֽȻͬ׽٣ҶЦо۽󿪵ͬʱľ
ĿŮڳؽ֮ʱ۵壬׽ٺͬѸٸԭÿֻҪһ뵽֮ǰĻҶЦԾ¡
ߴֻǿЩȻӦɽٵʱҶЦЩľһòáüҶЦҪ̲סȥˡ
ڰ׽ٽҶЦһʱͳ嵽˾Ӧߣ˽ڻеͬʱоȻһ֡һʧáָо
ӦҶЦУ㡣
һ⣬Ȼ׽ؽ֮¼ΣȻʹҪһ̣ԾֻоһԵҸ
ı
׶
ı˵ӣ޲ϲЦտէȻ·µϲá
Ӧǧɽˮ
Ѷȹ׽٣ռ쳾졣
Ϣνϲ¡
ҶЦǴ˴ħ֮۵ĴӢۣܹ֮ͷһ׽ٷⱾ޿ɺǵ飬ڶȷϷģȻֵ˱Ӧֱ̫ʣ
Ӧ֮ڣҪӳܣѩ磬½ǿѩ֮ϣı裿
ƮƹǱҲӵƵϢ
ǰɽٳɹռ
ƮƹһƬڡ
ƹǱȻһλΪһĻɣʼδ֤ʵ˼ʵõ˴ϵٱ飬ȻޱģƮƹʼŮӵһţλ޿ɺ
𣿡ӦҶЦһۡ
ҶЦüͷ
ѡĻȻǵѩѩһΪѣҶЦȴеظܵһֳԼ֪ǿָӦͬʱԼϣԽԽǿԽԽԿ⣻˶Դ˶Щò⡣
͵ǰΪζۣѾȹ٣ǳ˽缫޵Ĵڣֻ˵ǲˣôǿ磬Ȼĳͷ
ĳͷɱȺ½ɱȣ½ֻǵͼλ棬ķ΢ַܳɶݻٵĿܣǸ߼λ棬һγɣǿҶЦҲûſԿ֮
͵ǰԣҶЦ޹죬Ӱ컹оǿң;ӦŮȴԽԽܣѾоǷݴߴ١ŭС
һʱһԾֱǿֱԼһζͣϷͻ˵ĳͷ
ⶼǺ߸оʵ顣
ѩʱͻƿ׽٣ڵѩͻһѩڰżСˣֻҪһ㻺ʱ䣻ֻ±ѩ绹Ҫһʱͳһѳɶ֡
ҶЦţƻûб仯죬ôǾһˡ
ҶЦһԶ֣ŮȴûмʱӦҶЦ죬עĿŮȴŮüɽ΢ء
ҶЦȻʧôˣصĿôˣ
ЦЦֻ²ܸһ쳾죬ðΣʼվûǵûȥһˣһˣȻʧȥֻ»൱Ӱ죬ǰӦ׼ΪҪӦε
ҶЦӦ˵ʹ֪˵ԲмʧʧȻں桪
Ҳȥһˣһºˡõϸĳˡ
ʲô֡ҶЦԵʱ죺ǱȥˣȷΪҪɱѧʲôȥʲôˡҾʼʣ㵽׳Ǹš
ĳ˻δ˵꣬ԭΣС״ľӦȴǡۡһЦ
Ȼڻûзǰ˵ʵݣǶû˭ˡ
ȻñҪظ飬ǸߴϵĴʣģȻȽǸɵˣˡͱɣòϣñˣǺǡ֣赺ϵģ
һΣԥ˺þãû˱ܣ̧ͷ¸ҵעҶЦã˵ӣҳǱ
ڶɹ֮ڵõ˳׵ȹ̡
Ȼɣɣίʵȴǰᶨ̫̫ࡣ
֮ǰ˸ȥ˷ìܡ
ҶЦԵʱɴ۾ſ͡
ǰıʹΪȻҲоһѣͰ͵Ʈƹ
ͷӹһ˿κ죬ӣԭңȻôá
ʹǸҶЦԾɸоԼе㷴Ӧ
ʲô
۰Ͱ͵ؿǰıȴ˵ʲôҲûа취ǰӡһϵ
⡭Ҳ
ҵģ
ҶЦŤͷӦȻڲѰҽӦƶĵ˵ͷȷذϢȷ漴촽סЦ⡣
Ϊ֮ǰǰ򵥽һ£˵˭ҲãҲգҾֻһݡ
¸ҵĿҶЦŮˣ
˵仰ƮȽȽȥĿ۽ҶЦ
ֻȴһ˿־壬
ۼӵĿ־ҶЦʱһ飬˲ʱȫѹԶȥӰǣ˭㶼ҵŮˣҵı
ܵ˺η㶼ҵˣ
ҶЦҵŮˣ
ԶԶߵ¶һЦݣӷƴӣں쳾죬һһʱҵģ
Ʒ¶һЦݣѾʧԶ
ʼƮƹϣƱزܾʹҶЦһҪƮƹ쳾죡
ƮƹĽϵΣҲ
¿ǹϵƮƹҵУˣ
޴ҫƮƹһҪеġ
ӦҲҪıҫ
ҶЦҲҪӺ
ܹµ
һһҪµĴУ
ˣҲҪˡӦĿҶЦ
ұ㡭ģҳŵġҶЦЩź˵ֻϧӣҪȥ쳾ˡ
Ӧһ죬һۣõҾӦô׾ͼ޸㣿ҶЦΪ쳾һӭȢҰɣ
һЦУӦƮŨŨ壺Ҷɣ쳾پף࣬벻
ҶЦЦã쳾پףҳΪһұȻѸ£쳾죬ףǵĻ񣡡
ҵһյĵ
ӦѾ翣Զ
죡
ҶЦһ˿ʣ¶һᶨı顣󲽣źķ򣬼۶ȥ
ˣ
ħ֮Ѿ泹µĸȻڴ֮Ԫˣɲսĸָʮ֮мʧ߰˳ɣʱ˿̣ȴڿһ
ֻҪħŻڣδһλָʢһֻʱ⡣
ţһڵ飬ˡ
׵˫׽ٽ졣
ҶЦҶЦں쳾졣
ʱϼ죬ƣأһʺҲƵţȻبʡ
ЦϣȽȽ
ȥյһ̣ͻȻӿֳĽɫڿʢһʱ䶼Ƣ
ҶЦһ̣ڿ֣֪ΪΣ֤ҶЦ֮ˣΪҶЦʾ⣬Ȼıʣȴ֪л̡
⣬Ȼ˷ȻУһ쳤ôҶЦէȻ͡
ҶЦֵڽʹһ㳤ɫɽ潣нһӦȫⱾǳĻ쳣͡
ȻЦ˼յڽȴĳߣϽннȣȴûнɣҲûн롣
ѽһͷ쳣Ĺ⻪ЦǰתԽĽȻȻһɾΨҶ֮
ҶЦ״΢΢һЦ֮ץһЦϻƣҼ뿪ּ̣֮ˡ
ңңէ֮һ
ѽȻЦԳ

˽ҶЦνԶЦţоб־ԵȭƷȫڽ
˵УڽڵΧЦʱѽҲ֮ҷ𣬲ʱ˿̣˽ȴˡ
˾֮࣬ȴܲ⣬ҶЦղŵһ֣⣬ҲЦڷ֮ʣֱͨӽԼ彣Ƭ½ķΧǿٻأָʧѾõľ»ʡ
ֻ߾ǣһ˵õ彣죬ҶЦ֮ʣ˽٣Բ׷ܣܱΣͻӵǣ̭Ϊһϵͨ
ģ֮飡
ҶЦʽ֣һ˵ĻϲãָᵯէȻ޵Խ
ϣ
Ȼ٣ҶЦ֮
ҶЦţŽµǧĸп
һƬأӵԼٸ飬ϣ
ԼҪ뿪ˡ
δ֮Ը
֮㯣
ź
һŶƮ򲻼꣬죻մϣĪҪߴʤ


3 ߲
ҶЦһЦҵǣ
ӣͻȻһ߲⡣
ͬصľ쳤磬ֱֱ֮ϵı˶ˡ
רΪҶĵҲһպ󣬳Ϊ˺ʥأǵĪ룬š̫ϳϲ룬Ϊ˵е֮أ
ۼҶЦ߲ʧһ˲·ȺУȻһҲĴСЦЦ
¹ѩᣬңѾʲôûеգһʱֻԼУƺͻȻȱһ飬ٲ
ҶעգֽӵԼӣƺҪο
ȻԼ˼ʾҲ̲סһգˢˢ
ʱ¹ѩͻȻʹһԭͲÿɫ˲ʱѩֵֽҡءѵǡҪˡ
ҶԴʧɫһ·˺֮С
״ص˲ҵְˣ㺮󲻽˻䣬Ҳо֮ˣϽ
֮һңң
ǸкһλĺŮӳϲ
¹ѩɹһӣĸƽ
¹ѩȻһƣȻ۾ȴڲעŻеӤľǴȰ
ȡְɡ¹ѩ˵
Ҷ¶Ȼһ
֣ԲҶЦֻоһԽʹٿкаݣҶɬ˵ͽСҶжɡ
¹ѩԵʱҲһĬһ˿ǿҵĲᣬĵ̾˿૵жжֲͽгжɡ
ԶҪǣĴ硣
¹ѩĵ˵
Уһ˿ԵĺڣͻȻҺúڣĺúڣǵΪʲôҪôᡭǾǵĶӣʲôͬôʲôͬôΪʲôûȥΪʲô
ҶȻ̾
棬ڵȺ״صˣ֮Ҳһ̾
и״صˣȻҶЦʮȴδٲٵľԶϤԭίȴҶЦԪǽҶҶЦһҶЦڵǽʬ߽廹ѣڵԪ߶ԣʵڲʲô£ֻ˵ⱾǵԪǿ߱ٵһԾ֮
ȻҶЦת֮࣬ĸ֮ԨԴȴԣӦ˵Ž⣬⣬ȻģҶЦҶ죬¹ѩ֮΢ϵˡ
ҶЦѾ뿪ȥ˺쳾졣
£źԲȴվѾȥˣһˡ
ʱҶЦлһգٻʱȴĲ֪򣬻
ҩɽҶЦһգʹʧνʧȴָɽεƬӰҶЦ뿪֮󣬱漴ƾʧˡ
䣬Զһ˵
ЦӢۣΪ
Ц
ĪҪߴʤ˵Ц¶ڵȣȺ½ȥɣ
һףԸ

֮ƮƹƮƹ쳾졣
ͬһ죬ıǰӦ쳾졣
֮䣬ϹȺķ˵򣬷ڵóΪһϡࡣ
ǰҶЦסĺۿֻں֮ϣȻһ޴״£ɡ

ħ֮սսߣӱ˺˵ӣӢѪᡣ
ҶЦƸڴ˴ɴΪٰ¡
Ӣۼˣ򣬲ðꣻΥߣ¹֮
ӢۺвФ֮
Ը˲¡ħԸ¸ĸܰģƽϲ֣Ը쳾Ӵ˰粨ţԸǣһȻ
ҶЦ
ҶЦԣΡľܶ˶鲻Ծᡣ
Ц

ʵҲֹҶЦƮƹıӦЦͬ˵С
šɢޣ޲Ϊ֮Ȼ
º󣬺ѩڱΪ˼һδ档
һº󣬱칬֮Уѩ޶Ƿдһμѻ
һº¹˪ºãҲŴĽŲȥ
ºƮƹ棬˳쳾졣
һһ֮ƽ쳾⣻ƽ֮һ£
ˣѾδһķ׳٣ħֵ֮ʢǸһˡ
ʿϸһ޵ķ֣һķߣòƶҶЦǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ѩҶЦֵܡ
ӦҶЦĺ֪˪ºҶЦã䣬ƽ죬ҶЦʵ׷ߣӺ½һ·Ĺ
ѩ磬˵Ϊǿߵĵ̣˵ʵǸҶЦܣ˳ɡ˲²⣬䲻಻Զӣ
˳׷ҶЦ֮ˣҶЦں½ʶĶ֣˵ģ˵֮ôһ㹻롭ţ˵ܶˡ

ȿȡ
Ǳٲɶˡ
֮˵ܲܣΪҴһܵģˣ
ҶЦҵˡµԭ
ڴ֮ǰרдһƪصļ̾һССԴһ仰Ȼǡ
Ҳڣ
ֵã
£ȴʿ֮Ȼ󲨣۷׷ףĽ֮֮һܣȴȥ˼С檡ȻԵ֣ΪܷΪ١
ŮӶԣȴǰٷְٵض±ʾĽ
̫ˡ̫ˡǻС˵веĴҶҲһĴӰ鰡
һ꣬΢ĩ֮ʱһԭ߸ϵĳŮӣŮʧȥ˼䣬Сĺǻػ
Ϊһμѻ
ٳ⣬ɾɾ¡
⡭ֱŮΪ֮ԷĴ档
òҪҪġ
Ůӣ˿Լĳݣĸߣ벻Լ٣Լĵλ
䰮ĵ䷶
Цഫ洫˵֮Уһɫװ㡣
һֱ֮Цĸ¼ԾΪ
˶ҪһλһĳӢۣЦҶЦȴûǰֹ


ײ񷡣
ǳת£Ĳ죡

һηͬάһβǺܳʱĻ֮ҶЦһȫµ֮У
˼ҶЦǻһƬʯ֮Уȫ⣬Լ֮ôһؽ磿
ѵ֮ǰԼȫùˣ
һ֮أվڸߵСɽϣĿԶⷽԲٷΧ֮ڣȫȻ
쳾죬˵еɾأҶЦĵһӡȴ˻ߡ
ȻνĻߣֻʷ棬Ϊʹ˻ߵĵطҲҪԶԶ򣬲߻ûпɱԣصĹƣҶЦλõŨ̶ȣҲҪʮ
˵䲻ģҶЦ۾۲죬ʶ۲죬һӦһǣǴ˵еĺ쳾죬Ȼ֮죬֮Ȼǰδ˵ã
׿ŨĻһУûõóֵˣ
ۣ
ҶЦ·ƣһڽһСʯϣСʯ֮¹ҶЦȴʱоԼĽѾһʹ
·ԼղߵһٰʵϣʹǰҶЦʵҲƵöƵߣ֮ƶ̫Զ֮⣬ֻ߳ţҪֱӼȫûʧķ
ôһСʯͷȻҵĽôۣҶЦ죬Сʯ
Լ򣬿׾ɽĳôһСʯͷýѾۣ
ѵСʯͷǱҪôʵһЧ
ҶЦСʯͷץҿȫȻûκ쳣һƽûа׺ֵĸоɼһָˣûκСʯͷֺСʯͷļӲ̶ȣȻҪһ֮ϣҶЦΪֽһ󣬶ҲºۼȴκβССʯͷ档
Ͻ֮СʯͷڻĵӵǲյϽ磬бڲࣺҶ֮ʯͷƽʯͷ
Ƭ֮ҶЦʧˡ
Ϊ˵СʯͷǱĻԭ֮УضǱ˵еʯͷȫ󲻶
ҶЦȻˣ޿κεؽСʯͷһߣЦһҾäĿˣѾʯͷ䣬ʵؿ϶Ӳö࣬˵ػˣȴǱߵʮ࣬ʯͷӲĳԤʲô桭
ˣҪĻǸϽԼںη
ഫʿ쳾֮󣬻ʹӦҸ֪һЩˡ
˻ӭ
ôզɶûأ
νĹϴ˵ﶼƭ˵ġҶЦεҡͷ˽߶Ȼ󡭡µµ죬ȻǶˡ
ǰЦ˵Цʵ򻹲һɢޣһԺȲǴڳںȾƣתЦӣƷζȻ࣬úνڸ֮ˣЦЦӣûйľ
Ǵ˼ʣʵʵڸеˣһˣȻе
ʵԾɻˣȻȻҪȷʵܲܣԼЩħħ̳֮ǰЩػߣԸ״̬
ôˣҶЦΪ״̬Բ©״̬ôأ
ʵĴ𰸣ܼˣǻˣĳ˵Ϊˮ׼ҲűˣͬĻΧ֮£ԲδԲ
ǰʲôط
Ǻ쳾죡
쳾ʲôط
֪λ棡
ԲĴʿȫµλ棬ҲһŵСͽ
һСͽΪ̸ԲտЩͳͳմߣֻ֪һ˵ϣҲиǳž
ֻĻȻĺòã
ȻеڶĸԭҶЦѾؽ죬ȫûκһˣǸСͽܲҶЦе
ҶЦ˵ǺܺýģҲ˵޾ռĵرʵ׾٣ҶЦǰɥĲƳٿűٹȵʳһžܶþã
öƱٹȵ±ѾɥĲ񣬶˷ָȴǣٿűٹȵȻǵƼҶЦݳ޳̶ȺȻѾҪˣ
ⲻҶЦǰĵ⣬ܹʲô⣬ҶЦץͷ޿κεⷴǡ
˵ʲôΧ
У쳾ʲôΧɣ
Щ˭
ҪעʲôЩעûʲôرĻ᣿
Щ¿ɶҪԼǰֱСϺףһֶСϺףһСĴĳĳɻ䣬Ϳܵ¼صĺ
ҶЦĵһͷˮѵЩҪԼȥ
ģһҰɣ
ⲻ֪ҶЦٰѽʱһΧֵڣҲһ죬ĴѰͬʱǣҵˡ
Ҫᣬ˲ǾӦŮˣˣ
˶ҶЦĹг̶Ⱦǳ˿ɼ
һţڣһˮء
ˮؿɷͬ죬ǹഫϴء
ٷ½֮˷һҪϴȥΨо̥ⷬǣʽΪһӡҲνġɡ
оǣط˵еĽʹУʵڣǻܸ˽ܺܶܶ飬ֻҪ̫߶˵Ļܣʵģ඼Դõ
󣬻ܹλʹȡһĿƵĻ̴Ϊں쳾Ļһᰤ
˿̣λһͷˮ
أ
Ǹأ
˵˷ˣҲǸоŹôأ
ô£ΪԼ½Ĵܣô޼ɵ֣
ôģ˵ȥˣ
뼮ˣǴ°
ҿ
ʹһ±ȣ찡ذԼ˳еùӲˣֻҪ©һҲ鷳չ涨һǧĽҪȫ۹˰
һǧĽģҺô
⵽ǸλĻ쵰ǰ˺ˣ
ʹһıߣֻҧгݵĵһ֣ң
Ͻң
ҪҲˣһǧ簡
޷Ļ쵰ô͸ߣҵǵð
𷢺ˣܲҵδ֮죬治֪½ؾ⣬ѵʦųûиһسʶô
˵ЩеûˣϽ
ôġšǻ쵰һȻû°Ϣôңֱȴ뻹װ
ʹ߳üķ˳ȥϸһ⣬ǡ
󡪡
ԾȻظ˻ҵô
ûУҵô
ҲûС
ˣ
ο汻һˣһǧĽ𰡡
ˣ˷ˡʧȥǧ꽱ҧҧǿܹҪٴһǾֻԹҶ֦ˡһʹᡣ
β֪˭ɱٲټ
ȱԼŻԼϽȥ˰ɣȰӵˣȥǸҲ黹תءôģ⣡
ʹһ±ȣӱȥˡ



4 û˰ɣ
һηĵȻ
߲ŸոշʱŨİסž͡ݡһ˽һϴء
ʹ߼״ʱ۾һ
Ůģ
˵ĶǷϻȻŮģ϶ŮģҪȻôᵽŮǱߵϴأ
ôǷϻأԷŮģǱǿǹȥģֻſڵȺ򡣡
˵⻰˼ôȥͲ׻㣡å
뿴ˣһĻôҸ˵⻰ɱ˵ҪǴȥȫСˡ
ʹ߼ߵؾš
ûǵ̫ãҼʱ򣬼ݵʹߵһʱͿɵ۾
Ưǰ
̫ɫˣ绪
ھһоԼϴس˲䣬ɣƺԼѾϴ֮УʣµģһȫµԼ
ָоֻԼش֮ԪҶЦΪԼ֮ʱƵĴڴѵĸо
ڴ˿̵ĸйٸΪʵӯɣ֮Լ˷̥ǣԼ£ͬգܵȴһֿǰȵٶȣԼӿӦǿйעԼȥ
ʶȻױЩԪűʵ
ǿ󣬸ӻ񣬸ӡϵҲѷɫҶЦעԼڵ
߳ϴصһţоԼΪȻֽһ㣡
ֻô̵ʱ䣬˹仯˽ǳ֮ͬ졣
ʹֱĶԼЦЦСŮӳϽ磬ˣλؾǹഫ֮еĽʹߣ
ʹ㶵ĵͷǰǾǡ
ȴ룬ŮüĿ续ףʹ쳾죬ҲûмŮľݣǴûġ
ǡŮҲʵ̫ЩʹЦʹ̸òԳ֣ȴ͸һ˹ı
˵ĸоѩɽı
ŮӣһʱȻѣ˵Ϊ飬˰ɣƵܰ˶
ţ鷳ﱨһµ֣ʹ߹¹˵ţɵһӦѶϢ˵ǸƣȻͿԽˡ
ͷ֪ǱҪĳνƴ־Լڴ˵ص֤±㽫ԼϢϸϸ˵һ顣
Ȼλʹ߶Ƶ֮ᳵ·Ϳƺƣʹ߸ݹһСΪÿһ׼Ļ̴죬½Ѱ£ڱֻǷӦϰߡ
ߵĽʹ࿪ڵһҸ棬зʵԭλ߳£Цһĸ߽ߣ߽ߵݽֹڵλ棬ٺ쳾㣬ֻһСʿͨСߣһ߶ӵɱʵǧҪɱ֮ммǣ
лӹ
Ӵ˵سȥһͨ˴ֲ·ڣѡһȥʲôط͵ÿԼ컯ˡ
ǽʹߺĵ˵Ҹ棬ƫǼҪѡջٺܶࡣ
ҪǿǸŮķϣʹ߾Բ˵ôġ
ѡһѡһ
ٶȵͷлʵλʹߴˣλǷ֪ǰǸѡһ·
ʹһߣǰǸˣ
Ǿʶģ
԰ҷЩеλܷ֪ȥ
ʹ˺þá
κڰ˵Ǹ˵ʵɣʵҲ֪ȥӦ÷˵ҲѰ䣬Ҫҵ飬δٶ١ڵּ󣬾ͺѹû
˵仰ʱǽһ
飬ʵѵһúõķߣȻʧˡ
棺⡭ÿ˶Ҫô
ǰʹһ
Ϊʹ˵ѹûʵ
Ҳ֪ʹһǼһҪϽصҪȻǾͱˡ

ˡ
ھǴͨ˴ǧ·ѡĲ·֮ʱûжԥѡһֱͨ·˳ȥѰһ
ʲô·ֻҪȥҵ·
ǱӰѾʧˣߵʹ߻ڳ̾
˲󼺣ǸϽȥ
Ҫ뿪Ѱʧٵĳˣȴ徹һ
˷ˣ
ʹ߶ʱˣ⼸ƵôôƵȻۣ֮ûôƵĳ½֮˰
ʱ
ǸŮģʹһ졣
զˣʢ˥
쳾ǵλ棬Ϊۣ֮Ψи߽λ߲ܽĳλ棬ķߵҲδһŮ޸ϡȱ˵λŮ޵Ƶʣ˵͵˷ָҲ࣬£͸ʣĳˣ
Ӧˡ
ʹ˵һ֮ͨ󣬶ھӦҪߵʱ򣬾ȻҲͻȻһ䡣
λʹߴˣǰϽǸޣѡһ·Ӧʡ
ʹԵʱˡ
ʲôˣʹߵ۾
Ӧһ죺ҵķλʹߣȥ

ʹֻоԼˡ
ǸɱĻ˶
ʹб棡
ֵ˾ѾݣȻôں쳾ҲԳ֮Ϊɫ˵Ů˵ţ
ŷɫĴˣȻţ
쵰㻹òú쳾˻ˣ
úðײ˾ȻͬһȻݣ
Ǽһﵽôһأ
ʹ˾ӦѰҶЦȻĺźעҪùûҵõҶЦڵ򣬾صĹƣҲʮǧϵľ룬֮Զò񻰡
ʹҲˣ˺ĺóһӣü̾
ΪʹߵĹǵˣɾʧࡪ
˷ˡʹѾԵǰ֮˵ƵܶЩˡ
ӦòỹǸһйذɣ
ԸΥ
һļһͬһһ㣬ϴ˳
ʤѩ
˪

ƫƫò绨
ò绨֮Ǻѩ˧簺Ȼ
һӦע֮󡣺˧ʵλʹߣ·һŮߵһ·϶ߵͬһ·ɣ
ʹԵʱһ
ҿܲʵ⣿
ôһȫ⣿
ߵòͬһ·㵽еĻŮģһʹߵ
ʹû˵ϹȻĳ䲻϶ûŮͬ·оǣŮҲûͬ·ֱ·Ӧһƫҷͬ·
ͬһ·ôᣬӦðˣе·ͺãȥ׷ѩȻĻش
λʹٶ±ȣҿʲô˧ôҲҪǸŵ⣬ҪԳҪȥ׷ѵ⾹ȻͨˣŮͨԣҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
һʹ㶵ʵѵҲķ½ķ˹ʹʳ仰ʱ򣬸оԼȶӶЩתĵĲ
ѩҲһɣˣϽͣˣ˵Ҵ磬ŮҵλɩɩǰȺ˽磬ҲдһʡѩһֵλȷǸиûͬ𣿡

ʹ˵ʧˣûеɩɩߵ·಻һ
ԭ˾ˣѩĴ˸кұˣлλʹ߸֪ҳΪһȻǡ
˵գѩﳤȥһƬƲʡ
ʹĵ֪˵ɶˡ
ЩǴðĿˣ
ʹ½ưԣһۣߣ㲻ǸСϺ׺òáİ
Ϊ˭
ǷôĿ
һһࡣ
ǰº
ѩͬʱ
ʹߣͬһλ桢ǰ浽ǼȥӦߵͬһ·߰ɣ
⣬λʹǲشˡ
ôһģŶô
ְº
λɫŮϴУ̨ǰ
¹˪
λʹߡ
˪ʳ仰ʱʹֻоԴˡ
ǰѾ·ּ˵ǧٺ»ѾС
ڿУȻЩ߻ǲϵǰ¡
û˰ɣ


5 ֵĵط
λǲҪʣ֮ǰһһŮһŮȥǲȥͬһطǰɣû˪˵仰ʹ߾˵˳
ǰǰδ֪ϽĽʹߡ˪ͷϣĿ⿴Žʹߡ
֪
ʹӲ˦֣ɫࡣ
ǵǧٺ»ѾΪǸ类۹ˣ
˺ǧȫǴ׹ǧģ˿þ뵡
ĿûߣҪشੲݵʡ
ʲô̬ȣδ֪˲𰡣˪ǴΪС죬߷ߵˡȴһңңɽʹߡɶ˲𣡵Ժ˱˵λһǣ
Ůˣʹȴᡣ
¶ܹ
ܹ
ǲܺ˺òã
º˳ٺ쳾졪
λʹߡ
ʹ߶⣬κεĵֱֿӾͱˡ
ˣɶҲ֪
˳ԲüȻҲλְΪΣźģҪλһ䡣
λڴ˵νʹһְְܱӭ½ߣ˵ɣ
ұզʹʵ΢ĩλۣʼҲǺ쳾֮ˣְڣþλʣΪǷ񲻴أ
СŮӸոշ˽磬֪΢ᣬ쳾½ܵǸλ𣿶ЩλߣҲһȥģ
λǷãұѿͣһһʾ֮𣿡
֪ΨţԳ磬ݻ٣ǴĶ
˳һѵʹ࣬Զԡ
˳Ǻ½۹ֵ֮ЩβǵӦ֣˵ͷͷǵ
˼ţСԣ㽫ʹ˵ƿԣ޴ӱ粵
λʹ߼Ȼϼ棬֪Լǳһˣλʹߣڡ˳˵ţʹ˾ȥΪһľһƳ
˳ɺǿ˼룬ھ˷֮ȻȻĳһոµɱ䡣
ҵ㣡
˳Լ
ұҪıԭĴֶΣѪֶΣңҺʦĵ۹
ֻҿбۿˣбۿң
쳾죬˳һƬ£
˳ȥ
ʹң˳ԶȥıӰԡ
ǲǲнʹ߸þκòãֻѾӿ˰
㣬ôϸߵġ
Ѿȷʧǧٺ»ˣԿ
һ
䣬ƽ죬ȺҲʳͬģʹ߸ɴװưͣԲ죬һɷǱĿиǺݺݴ
ôģЩŷô
һμ쳾飬Ȼһġ
֮治а
ЩˣȻûκѡͬһ·ġŶǶԷ޶֮⣬ˣȫһѡһ·
ЩҲǹֵˣǿʼʱǸ֪⣬ߵ·ġ˵䲻ѡǰ·ѡĳһǰ·ǰǰôˣǰ·ѡ࣬ȴǳûظģҲһ׮
ʹ롣

ҶЦƬ˻ĵطѾһ¡
һ¾֪νΪҪ
ڼ䣬ûκ;ʯͷʲôˣҰ޶ûȵطһоֻȫԼȥ
˵ĻжƵıٹȵֻǶܶüЦˣ
ҶЦܽ˼Ҫ飬ں쳾Ϣ
ȣĿռҪ߰ٱĴǰ֮¡ԼĸΪܣ޶ȵ
˶бû⡣
ͬǻأĻľʯͷʵؼӲúܣȻʵؼӲֻԼ˵ոշ½֮˶ԣʵδЩ¶ǿֻԼ̫ԱȽ϶ѣ
΢֪ͨԻµ˽⣬쳾ߵıǿֵز
ҶЦעĿڿռ֮еǳʱһǳĲʵ죬߱ǻԵɡ
һһҶЦעתͬڿռУոҾ߱ԵľҶЦૣϻƣǵÿӦǰĻΧһΪҵѲϣɱ
ƺڻӦҶЦΡ
оǣҵ죬ΪλؽأѵҪҡ˾з£ȫͬô
бҪô鷳ôȥնܵõƵĽ۰ɡͨһȼ϶ǲõˡҶЦţȥ̵ĵطҪϽ취׬Ǯ
طҿң˱˺ܻܿᱻ
ҶЦټһԼռĴ״Ǻֹ۵ӡ
ƼıٹȵЧ൱һžܱ֤첻ǵƼ鵤Ҳʹƣڷ֮󣬹ЧǽμҶЦԴ˻첻ɽ⣬ֻ֮ܽں쳾컷ٹȵȻʱЧȥʱȻֻʹá޾ռҩ伢Сµʱ䣬ҶЦֱӾǿҩŹġ
޾ռ棬ҩݳǧһ꣬ĵرģһ࣬൱ʱҪظЧܼ⣡
һ֮ĵرȻϧζȴһͺóԡ
޵ļ֣ĳֹӣĳֲĸϵʳζԺЩ֮⣬ģֱζͬĵĲóԡ
ŵرԣ˵ǶôĸߴϣӦ㡭ҶЦԹԼѾ˵ĺһͷһͷͺá

Ȼˣ쳾һͨʯͷҶԶԴݻٵ£ôߣָøߵʲôزأ
Ҳϵͳߵȼ֣ǸʲôӣôͨңǲʲôΪһȼأ
ʣҶЦһͷˮֻһһߡ
Ľų̣ʹȫһ̲ͣĸ·Ų߳һңЧʵ͵ÿ
жϵһ㣬ǰ״̬ҲԾҶЦź⡭ôأҸոշҲӦŶ԰
ҵǰ״̬ں½ͨءǷ߶ӣֻűɱˣҲ޾ռ䣬ʳɱݣʿпռߣҲ̫ʳﰡ֮ʿǸԲ©Ҫʳʳάϵп϶⣡
ҶЦ˼⡣
ʵҶЦ⣬ףֻҪһϴأ̥ǣ½Ȼ棬ҶүǰͲָˡ
ָҲù֮ƣҲΨӲͷƤߣһһһ߼Ϳء
ǰҪģÿ춢̫ȷԼҪߴ
֮ܶһ仰ĺһˣһˣǱߵһˣ
ôģǷ߶ֵܹ߳ȥطͶˡҶЦЩҪķǣͱҪô죿
һˣֱҪˡ
һ״ˣȻΪ˲ٷȤڼΪңԶı˶ˣĳһƬǿУһһֿ죬µҶЦڼ棬һĶɹĿ⡣
˵ˣҲδ̫СǼˡԱһӢӱĵĿ˵Сһֲֻ㼸䣬ڽŸշСϺ׶ħսȥô
Ҹ˵Ҫ棬ϴ㲻㣬Ҳ㣬ƣ
ֲֻ֧ļһ⻰ʶ૵ҲûʲôССĿռתô˵ˣпռ䣬ôĵر˼벻ɡ
Աӷ˸ۣ˵ˡ
ʵûȤһ˵ʲô
ʲô˵벻вһô

ΪֹҶЦѾƬʱ䣬ڶһ֪⻷ӻ֮⣬߹һЩطһЩֶ֡
磬ĹƬв֪ʲôƬ
ۺЩҶЦóһۡ
Ƭؽ硭һõսҶЦɵĴ⣻Ƿ˲֪Ĺս϶ϲڻˡ
뵽ͻȻ뵽ʲôߵһƬԽϵ͵ĵطҶЦϸ鿴һ⻷Ȼγǳʼھ
Ѿ׼ƥǳΪߣҶЦԵɵƻ΢΢һ㣬һȥ
ҶЦҪ֤ʵһԼԵǰ״Ĳ²⡣
ûôĵطȻȫȻûа
ʱİ棬һƬؽ緽ԲûܵģǵȫްĻ
Ϊģһǳ֮ĴսһƬطûˡĻսĲҳ̶ȵ󡭡
ֻ»һͨ˵ҶЦӺ꣬һ·ȥϵʯͷ֪ѡھصǲ̫棬ȫʯͷ


6 
ھÿһʯͷͷǺܴģҲֻͷСȴһҲᣬÿһ鶼ٽϵķҿٽҶЦĳܷΧ֮ڣһ㻰ҶЦ˼ʸӲĪ֮κΣᶯһ黹˵һֱȥԾԸɣҶЦƫƫˣʦ֮ʱܵµ;˳ʹӺꡢάϵԾɼȥ
һֱȥ࣬ûмһ
ھȫ̵ȫʯͷ
Ѿǵ͵λãطӲֹۡ
ҵĹƻûԭӦһ֪ߵĴɽȴ֮ܳ걻飬ɽʯϤֽСʯͷ
ҶЦ˿ʯͷֻôһС飬ұֽ⡢ѶܣҪ˵Ƿ֮
ôһɽһ򱬡ָҪʲôͨأ
ҶЦϢһᣬڡ
ҹټΧһ㣬ȻڣܶʼѭĳŬڣھԼʮɵλãЩʯͷѹʯͷ϶֮Уһ
ֻ˵˵žӨɫĽȻЩʯͷ죬ȴδض
ҶЦ֮óеŽһԼ顣
ҶЦóһۣӦ飬ɺܼ򵥣Լ֮ˣЩʯͷԼ飬ʯĲ죡
ټɣڷָࡢƬͬʵȫӡ
ﵱһսҶЦԼóĽۣҲЩ
ӦǺ쳾˶֪ĻʶԼȴҪôʱ֤֤ʵ
һƬؽ绷ˣӦΪ֮ľսǿײ﷽Բĵطȫ˲򣡷˾ôĵطݲȫޣ
ҶЦܵó˽ۣԽ뷴Խо졣
ʲôߣܽս֪ôҵĵزأ
֤˴˵ǹսΣȫȻûûԴһͷβĻ֮ء֮ء
ҶЦЩʧֱʯͷ֮⣬ʲôõĶûСҲǣȻǷĹսֻͲ֪˶ٻأмֵģǸëֻ¶ǰˣʲôûʣ²Ӧ֮⡭
ˣһǾ߳ʲôûеĵؽɡ
ҶЦ̾˿ýⲦ˲µʯ飬ҪһƽһЩģΪ㣬뿪ӡһ̧ͷҪȻԼһ
ԭѾڳһھôô
ҶЦ֮ʣȴüԼղýһʱ򣬽Աߵһ̻ˡ
һɫ£֮йع˳
ףǸʲôҶЦ۾һֱѵôһڣȻڳʲôö
ϸӣȴһöͭɫָէƺûʲô֮ڵô꣬Ȼû⣬ʲôҲ˵
ҶЦȴÿָʲôֽ֮ӽ޾ռ䡣
޾ռ˯öָ˶βϣβʶһ˦ѽöָ˦ò֪˺δȥˡ
˵һöָҶЦľͬۿһӣȤǡ
Ҳ⻹бĶһͿжģ߰ˡ
ǺЦһοʼھ
ǺڳȥɣջȻڳȥɣʲôûС
Ψһþֻ۵ðǡ
ҶЦڵС壬СĲô˵
˹Ȼ̫̰ģһ̰뷨溦ġҶЦִ죬Ŵƣӵءô˲һƬʯϣأԴڴںϢ˺һᣬͻȻ
ףʱҿͻ൱٣֪޾ռǷʲô仯أ
ʶռһ˲ʱһҲ㡭һﵽ˯˶೤ʱˡëضôһѡ
˼˲һ޴˲˯쳣ţ쳣
ֻǶҶЦĻ˯˯ĶȻΡ
ҶЦ̧ͷӾŴռ䣬ȴŴռȻٶȷ˱仯
ռ䣬ռ䣬òûô̫ıֻǶһصĻ֮񣬶顢顢ˮռǸɴû˿仯
仯Ƚϴľռ䣬ʱҩֳ쳣״̬չȥö࣬Ҫ˵Ŵռ֮У仯󣬿췭ظ仯ȴԪռ仹ռ䡣
Ԫռ֮УԭϡɫѾʵʡ
ռ֮ڣĺɫͬʵʡ
ϻһССˮӣˮͬī֭һĺɫҺ塣
ģһĵɫѪɫ
ǲע⿴ĻֵɫѪɫûˡ
֮ռ棬һָɭֲоܡ
ҶЦˣһеʱ򶼻еëȻ
ռı仯̫˰ɣѵΪħѪϴµΪɣת޵ҶЦռı仯ͨĿǰҲƺֻһֽ͡
⣬ھŴռ֮⣬һֵɫ壬ڱסա
ǹ죬ȫ
Ŵռ൱ĽչϧڵǰȴûʲôҲľˮռṩЩЭľռṩ伢ʳˮռṩˮ
ղһͣȻõˮռúõĺһͨ
һˮҶЦڸоܣ˳ռ䣬ٶ̤н֮·
Ծɻޱ޼ʵããԭҶЦʶ̾˿û취üȥ
ò׷˴˵еĺ쳾죬ʱȴһֱȻĵطô£
ôҲüʸ
ҶЦ̾ȴǰУ̾Ϣǰ·ȫ߳ޱ߻߲
һգҶЦѾ֪Լ˶ԶȴһƵĲеϽ֮Ƭ˵ʵڵģƬߵĹսҲ⼸£ʯͷͷкƬƬȻȴĲັ֮ǰѼΣҶЦҲμӣ޿ɻյô
ֻΣҶЦĪһЩ϶ǵսȲƵıԣ۶κ˶ûи壬ǣҵĽռ˵ǷڼֵԷһ£
һˣҶЦʱٿԾĿĵ򣬾·ڿһɽ
ûУɵǲƵıƬ
֪Զ֮ǰĹսʹֻǱ㣬ʼ񣬶벻ֻͨҪԻգȻ൱Ļ棡
ȻһеǰڣռܹñƬ
뵽һԱ֪ҶЦʱ𵶼⣬֮ӽ˽ռ䣻ʶ֮룬ȴռòƵһ˲ȻǲƵܽ⣬ڻ
ȻЦݵٶȼüҶЦʼ΢֮ò˿΢ĩ֮仯ǱĹ֮£ȴǼڵϵһ۳ռȡ
ȻţҶЦϲ
ֻҪܽȡ֮ĺ£ʹҲνʱÿ⣬ĿӴıƬ˵
ȥһ·߹ȥҶЦۼֱͺ̽յһ㣬רѰЩƵıֱ̬ӾһõģֻҪǿ˾͸Ͻӽռ䡣
ŲһĹ򣬱ѾڽռһôߵĺôһѱƬ
·ĽѾڻһ룬ĽȣȻڿɽܵķΧ֮ڡ
Ȼ뱦ɽɽذѽһҶЦڵ뷨ʧˣ̫ʧˣʧö࣬ʱһ··ϼƲƵνȴڲſʼ֮ǰЩȫʧˣʧ߰
ʵ̫ʹˡЩɶǾܵıƬܻõİҶЦ۵һҧԥҪҪ˻ȥ
̧ͷ˿ޱߵĻԭڴ⡣
бƬʵ̫ˣؽ̫ˣ˵ˣɲֻ߹һ·бƬ˷Ķвǡҵǰ߳ΪȣԺлٵѰ
ȫ塢ʽأ˵ȴһȡ֮֮ߵȻ⣬Ծң˭˵ˣҾˣ۹
ҶЦٱһ·Ѱ˹ȥ
ȥ
ҶЦĽռ棬ѾѳһʮôߵĽƬСɽջΣ
һջǣҶЦоԼȻƬ֮صλãʱĵ棬Լʼˣ
Ƭ֮أй
ҶЦ֮ĸоȴΪĸоԼòеˣţ˵е˵ԼΪ൱ȵƬ֮أȻĿߣ棬˾Ϊȴǽģ
ķΧ£Ȼûоϴص̥ҲãÿһҶЦܸоԼڽ
ңֽһֺ״


7 ø
ΪҶЦΪתƵ֮أû˰㾭ϴأԾɱ½ĹҪ쾳Ӱѹƣ״񹦣͵ڴͷʼҲ˵ҶЦǴ񹦵һ㣬ͷʼ
ֻõǰһµ񹦵һ㣬Ѿɣ
˵ģҶЦѾһɣ
ȻһɵٶȣʹҶЦҶǸʱ㣬Ҳֹһ㡣
񹦵һ㣬ֻһɣ˶ѡ
ô̵ľ롣
ҶЦԡ飬ʼûҵ⣬ȴһִֵֺʧȥˣ
ûϵ
ͺá
ôҶһҪӵ
ȥҶأ
ȥ
ƬĻ֮ÿһʱÿһ̶˿и߾ʵ
ӵΪȻֵøˣʱҶЦȴһ·ջҶЦÿ̸·֮ʣħˣĿʱ̹עΧֻҪǷֱƬȫ
治ҶЦбʣȴΪЩƬڱռֽ֮תΪһҶЦʶЩЩСҲָֻͷСȴǧأеĿͷСҼӲ쳣޷𻵣ȴƫƫһûУ㼫෴ܣνŹ쳣⡣
ҶЦȻ֪ЩΪΣȴ֪Щ϶ͨѰ£Ƿ
ǷĺöԼռһЩԺõʱ򣬲
պ󣬾δĻᡣ
ǳھ֮ãȴǷ˽ռýռ죡
ǳǾ棻ʼǱ˶Ķ
ҶЦãԶǳԭǰĵӦ֣˽ޱ
ȴЦһıȻ飬ڷʱҶЦ֮ٻأԪѾ߱൱ԡ
ֻҪҶЦ¹һȻҶЦһһɱ䣬һ߷壡
ʺҶЦҶЦĽ
ȻֻͨƷ֮죬ǰεϴ֮ȴȻȻ߱ҶЦľӡ
ΪҪص㡣
ΪͬǾ߱˱ĸֻӦ˵Ѿ߱˳ΪҶЦʶ֮ĻҪأ
˵δǰ;ҪԶҶЦͷ鱦֮ϣ
ҲĽӷһؼ
ֻҪԺʵһΣʱܻȫµķɣ
˼ʣڽռﱻֽ⣬ֽΪԭʼ̬
ȻҶЦʱռЩƬֽУظ죬ٴηֽ⣬ٴ죬ٴηֽḶ́ܶʼѭ
ÿֽһΣܷһ½ʣÿһΣܽĸʸʵһ֣Ӹϸ
һδεĶԭĻֻн֮Ԫ̴棬Ȼãʵϣ֮Ԫиõķչ
ҶЦȫܹܵԴԾǷá
ԼһһԽԽǿ
һֱĸ֮
ҶЦ½˵㾳磬ͬˮ׼ڽռıƬûΪģѾһɽ
ռ䣬ýӲӵģŽķֽֽٶԽԽ졣
ʱʱ⣬ҶЦı齣ڳͣʹǽռܣҲ޷κνܹȥԵģͬҲ޷κνӾзֽ
˿̵ľľˣ֮һ̫֮һ̵̫־أ
һ׻ĻǾǡ
ľ˼ʾڽռ棬ֹ
ȴȻȻɢɺ⣡
ڽԭη棬һ΢ı仯
罣֣һ˿˿ƣһҶЦʹ۵û󺹵ʱֻҪסĽԶԼλõĺˮȫɡ
սƣ»ָԼֱ۵һ֡
Ҳֱ˴ˡ
̿λó͹״źۼȴμظ˽
ţ߹أ߰ĮѪã
ѽˡߡ֡
żʹ쳾ȫۼһھУԾǾ
Υ棬£
Ȼַ
ռ֮УҶЦüıƬɱĲ֪Զв죬м֮֮࣬Ի֮ƷֱҲ֮Уϳ˱ıȻԷǷ
ܶ೬ɶĵرֽƣ⴦սкȻֻñƬãɽռ佫ֽ֮ԭʼ״̬ԪȻޡ
ҶЦʱռĲбƬʮƣҷ๤нռɣʵջֻü֣ϸ˵ٵģȴǽռԶԲҪͻĽֱںϹһѡȡƷΪգѡţǰֽ
Щֽһһѵɢڷţ˴֮μˮˮÿһѣһСɽô󣬿νεΪۡ
Ϊȡ˴ĽԶܣŽռֽ⼳ȡ˸ֽռ䱾Դ԰ٶ౶ٱ
׶ΣҶЦƬӽȥֻҪָ⾰ͿԽֽ֮һмȻǽ֮ͬһѣΪһ壬ȫκûӰ١
˴˿̣ȥٶȣϷֽٶˡ
˼ʣҶЦⷢһ鴸Ƭֻ˵Ƭ˵һøУԭӦһ޴񲻵Ѿ棬嶼ȱ˰ˣʣĲ֣Ծ˵ô֣һ֮ʵؼӲ˷ָĵز
󣬵ʲôǿߣıٵˣ
ҶЦϲ֮£ֱץҪ֮Ҳռ֮ڣ⾹Ȼûץ
ȡ޾ռһǰᣬǵŲ˵ǰ£ҩɽҩǣǰҲˡ
ҶЦһǷͬСɣԼѾ޵˵㣬ղżϲȻֻһץȴѾ߳ϵһץҲǧĳ̶ȣȴûץôͷ˵ϵķ
ҶЦϸǴͷǲбʹ󣻿Աϵó޴϶ϳɣѾĵľ־Ϊһ壬ɷָ
ϲһʹãĻһ𣬱ʹ˴ʵ죬Ҳ޻ռֵֻܱڴˣձҶЦִȼѣ
ҶЦٲҵģĶȫ߾ܣŽͷŲ֮ӽռ䣬ֱʱ¹ӣѾûֲƵı
һ·ѸʶѿͶԶʶΧڵĲбѾϤҶЦһɨ⣬֮˽ռĽ̻Ի͡
ۿŽռѻɽ־ҶЦֵúϲ£ˡ
벻ոյٽ쳾ȻȸȻɾأͬ죡
ȻҶЦʱ֪Щֵ֪ԼַˣøȻǸǻö㣬ˣԼˣȻԱΪΪ

ңԶĵط
ǸҶЦӵսļһŴ죬۰װ׵ؿҶЦߵıʣԽԽ󣬴㵵ıԽԽԡ
ΧԱ߼˿ı飬ȫ̲סЦ
ʲôѵռ侹ȷԴ컯֮ҲǡȫһſڽָǰĻ
˼ƨɣشЦǰϣȫޡ
һòŵҡһӣЦЦĳˣҾ֪˵ҪôȥҲ̫ݱһ̿ʼһһĥ¡
ʹ䱧⣬ȴ̫Ϊӣʧȥĥ壬򳹵׶ȥԵȻùĥ˼ӽ쾳һеĺﶼ֮ϣ֮⣬جΣȴҲǻԵ
ϴ˵üįԵõ֮֮еĽȻˣϴǸհԶԼį˽⣬Ҳǡû˭ˡ
ôһ˵˵ʱֲ֧
Ǹįһͷߣףҿ˵ϴôô׾ͽĺûңԭⷬ˼һҲôĶңǺֵܡ
⻹Ϊĺƣ˵㣬˭
ѡطȻĥ֮أȴҲѵõĻԵڣ˹ЦһȻһǺƨЦ¶ʮš
ϴô֪һὫطⲻܰįͷƤڲ⡣
˵֮еѡ쳾죬طܡ㲻ҡӵļһŵ΢Цįˡʣµ⣬ĻԵ׻ж٣ǲ֮е⣡
įһ
ãһôģʲôϣ֮֮ģԺ£ȥСǣң˭Ҹ˭вҧһģ

ҶЦǱ߻մմϲһ̧ͷȴⷢǰȻѾû·ǰһǰδɫϣִһּµ͸о
ҶЦƣȻܴ򿪡
ֻ֮ڲǺ쳾Ƚĵ򡭡ҶЦԼ
զӣȻȻһж
ԭһ·Ȼǿ顭Ψеϣ˺쳾졭
ҶЦȻ
ҶЦҲ֪ͬĲбԴԼռֽײҵͨ쳾;ôֶʱҪֵģϽΪ
ҶЦٳѸîһײ
ۣ
ҶЦʱಡһ˻ȥϣȻ쳣ļͣҶЦȫһ壬Ȼ֮ƣ
ҶЦаײһΣθþȫʹԾɺôǸоֱӾͺײһ˶Ƥָоٲţ뺣ò֮࣬ȴԵõʮ㣬ûг󣬷ԣҶЦǰС壬ֻҪܲסԼȫһˡ
ײƣǲǣҶЦ۾һ
ǳһݺݵȥ
ǳƥд񻰣šˢһϵʱһӣҶЦۼһ֣µ֮࣬ҪȥȴǵѸˡ
ϵһۼûС
ˣ
ҶЦתþһˣٶ֮죬ԶԶҶЦݳٶȣǿг϶ųɾŻᱻС
ҶЦȱ仯ﻹеֻͷˡ
ͨ·ǰôһŹ¸ţײƣԼҪôȥ
鷳ˣ

ȥ죬ҶЦ֮ǰ죬뾡˸ְ취˸־Уʯͷңýͱˮûգҧ
ֶ֮ܶΣϾΡȻҶЦȻҲҲȥˡ
ʵûκεҶЦһƨڵϣûġⲻôֱȵջŽˣҿûеڶŵֳԼɵˣ
ĩˣٳһըҶЦʵûˣǲĤһ૵ˣ㲻ʮ㣬㵱в
ҶЦݺһδˣͻȻһѽҲ٣
ôһɣˡۡһֱӹȥˣ
ҶЦ˼ʹȻǵмϳϵûκοãҶЦ˾ʹͷתŸͷʽ۽ߣһʵ̫ҸһʱԼûзӦѾǲϵһˡ
ҶЦĪѵҪͨĤǲܶðģ
ġȻ
ֻǣѾټ̾ȥˣΪڵ״Ȼάָͷʽ״̬ղһû֮ǰޣҶЦԭγɵǰ״̬ȻҪάȥԭǵ㵹ǰ΢ղֻ̫ҸӦ䲻ֻҪԵҲסˣҶЦȻ֣ǰλú⡪
ǰȻһµϿա
֮ǵ֮󣬾һ£ҶЦϵһ˲Ҳͬ£
һԼķʽ£Ťƣշ£
ֻ˵ͷʽĵ£
ҶЦ״ʱһʶһҪƣҲҪֹǰָͷʽĶ״̬
һȴʱ֣ԼӺܸɴȫ͵صƮû䣬״̬֮С
ףզ¶
һµı仯ӳҶЦϣֱǺõ̫ˣ
Ƭԭռ棬񹦵ҶЦҲܹ𣬵Ҳɵĸ߶ȣȴԲǰڿͿƯ
Ͼ統ǰƯҪΪƽܺһƬëһ㣬ͿƯҶЦʶ϶ûΪ
ǵǰƫƫƯˣҶЦѸжƣóһۣҪôǰĵ֮ǰ֮ԼΪƯװҪôǵǰ죬κ˶ƯȻ֮һ
ż̬֮֮ҶЦϾ;ϸϸ۲ǰĶ¡
ȴ⴦£ϵ£ͬһһ㣬⻬ƽȻĹ
ҶЦϸӣȷǰɽɽڵ̺ĳͬ졣
ſţҶЦ̲סðһ˼뷨ɽ塭ʵʵǱһأ
ͷ֮࣬ҶЦԼԼһԹԼУһЩϡŹֵͷ˼ת֮ʣԽԽ
ҶЦ֪ɽʯļӲ̶ȣǰɽµ汻һĻô
ҶЦʶصһ
ȻǱԼ뷨ˣ
ٹƬ̣Ѿܹ±˶ˣƮƮ档
סŲ֮࣬תͷһٶȲءסһ
Ƭ֮أ
Сǵ͵أ
֮رϲÿ
ȥˣ
ҶЦڻ֮е¿ν΢֪εΪֹۣǲбУҲ̺ͬأ˼ʻ֮ؾ͸ǰĿɼԼǰĿȴǡʣһ۾ܹȥʮĪ˵֮أǵ͵϶Ѿˡ


8 ⵰ҶЦ
֣
ҶЦͷŽµĺ컨̲ݣ૵ʲôط
һһȥһһġôһ
ҶЦԻ󣺡쳾ַּʵǡλøоô͸оôأ
ЦˣڻΪԼľȫ˿ܱ˵ŪŪĿԡ
֮һ仰֮֮ĸоǱߵĸоȻࡣ
ܶԼȣҪȥʮ֮⣬ģƣҶЦûиоʲô쳣
ˣǰеӯһֻҪһƮƮ΢о
ԼΪڴǵ֮г֮󣬾Ȼƾһж࣡
ҶЦ˼⡭
ѵصĵطȻƾΪһ˫
ǰ󲻹ĸʱ䣬Ϊһֹʥأֱǣֱǡϵ򰡣
ҶЦȴ֪ȥһƬȻں쳾ʵڵľ򣬵Ѿ̫̫ûܹȥˡ
һƬʵ֮ء֮أ
Ƭǵ֮ս֮ȫϵһϿռ䣻ڵĺ쳾죬ǱĴ߿ٳԭǸռٷչ²ŵڵ
һƬ֮أһּصķʽڴ˵СʵҲк֪ܶһطȴûȥ
û֪Ǹռʲôطʲôλá
ҶЦƾռһˣڻȻ֪
£ҶЦϲķȻһС򣬼ϲ֮£ȻȻؼӿŲʩʩȻؽС֮С
ٶ˼̻ҶЦټֵģģģģˣŮˣдŹģèģŮŮ·ģżȻ߹һĻĻҶЦУ
һУ·ֻصһ㡣
ΨЩɱ¾ϢҶЦоÿһ߶ǿ󡭡оʼƮ߲ϼŨԲܹӴܼ
ģòҲû𡣡
ȵȣ
ҶЦòµķ֣Ǽ޴
ֻһˮĿˣˮһ㱡͸죬мʳ
ÿһöˮȻһרŵĺӡ
ȻΪ棬ں½ʱϰҶЦָӪ֮裬ƷЧӦװЧЧܣǺǹӵĽ׹ţȴǾӪϵ
ȻҶЦģȴǽ˫׵һȼȻǡ
ˮ˴ӻͳһö׹˸ң̯Цݽ˹ȥִӻȡһ󴮻ɫң˼ʮöظ
ȻǮɫҵԼ۱ȻҪ߳ɫ࣬һһ٣ֻǸ࣬ȷһǸ߽׻ҡ
ߣ⡣
ҶЦס
Լһƽ𣬲졣
Զ׼ƽݺẮӲͨﲻͨã
⣬ⷴǣҡԼûС
ɸΪ֮ѵԼЦȻҪ䵽ô
һ⣬Լ٣ܴٵʲôΪаɫҸߵȼҵģԼٲˣٵ˵ЩˣƾֻлɫңǹԼʲôģ
ҶЦԥԺ˼֮ʣͻȻǰ淢һɧңһͷĿĺƴߣ鶯֮գ۹ѾӳԶ˴Уץס쵰Ȼ͵ӵĶ
δ䡪
һͷ̯꺺ȷ𣬳͵Ժӣ֮٣ó󣬾Ȼ͵Ժȿ죬һߣһˮĴƮУһë֣Ƴᶣޱȣһ³ֳһУòƺΥͺаհ۵˵
ȴˣǰǰʮ̯һ֣
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ǹѱ̯ڵϣһһԶһ塣
һ죬ǽ˵ȫǽȫס
Ƭ֮һӽ׽СȽȽ£˵лȻС͵ߡ
ǲކ£ֱϤʧʧǧл֮ҲҴˣҪȻƾȻɫҲ͵ҵĶȥ
˾Цǲʧ֮Ϊ衣
ȻұǸظλµļ⣬ͷͷ˵ˡ
ġ֡
Щ˵ĴǣҲߵɧû̧ͷ࿴һۡ
ǽһЩڵҶЦһ
аԱһԼǸץסӵΪ࣬оԼҪǸһǿһЩ֮ôܰƽԷ
ǣôһΧĻʮԼҲǵֵвסġ
ԼĽٸж
㲻ЩүȭһӣԼҲñ廨ȻЩǣˡ
̫ײˣʵ̫ײˡҶЦת
ôʲôطʲôģһ˵ĶܰǿɱλѰëãٿ칬貨شһһ£ˣģⲻǴ˵еĺ쳾ġҶЦʱоԼۣһα߸ˡ
ôϷ绯еΣ裬ǰֻΪһпԭʵôĲпᣡ
ۿζʳҶЦһĭЩζǰռĵرҲ޷ĳ˵ʳˡ
ֻһ˳ԵĶдôдôûǮҶЦоޱߣпޣ찡ذҿһˣղžƽħ˼Ĵﰡôˣ
ѵÿһߣôƱһڻʳô磿
ҶЦӱߣȫ֪ȴǡÿһߣôơʵǡԽ쳾ķ֮УҶЦеƵһ
û֮һ
ϵЫΡһݡ
ȿȡҶЦһͷĵ֮ǰ
ղѾúˣλ̯֮ǰץС͵λһҶЦ۹˵ƶģҶЦ
ֵܣͷôҪ̯Ц۾һ
ҶЦ˼ӣŶûǮ
ûǮ̯ɫʱб۾ҶЦ
˼ԣôĿСòʣһ˲ţȻڰĹ֣㻹Ҫɣ
ҶЦεغٺһЦʲôף޾ȣ벻ЦȻҪġ
Ǵ򣬻֪ж˻˳ԾõѪء
ġܲһЩ»ͷҶЦʵ
ɶ
̯ҶЦͷƣʲôöҵͷأ
ԻҶЦóһöϼݹ
̯˷ƤһĲ⣬ٺٵҰ䲻Ҳ˵Ҳӵٵÿ治˰ˣɣҾ͸ͷǡ
˵ŰͷݹһϳɳĳĿ˵Сֵܣҿһ˲ţûͦ취ԼԼɣôҪԣǿɲǳ˵ϱˣڵĹǣɶʵúء
ҶЦʱȻʶ˳飬Щĵͷȥ
治ҪģҶЦϣȻ̯ɵĿ£ȫûаŵ˼
˰ˣҽ㣬ҵͷǮҶЦͨ죬Դӿռͳһֱ̯תߡ
ʵǴȥˡ
ҪǣҶЦ治ұ֤ղǸܹ̯ķۣղȡöϼѾҶЦͷƷɫĵرˣȴȫȻ£ҪǶҲ£ҶЦĲ֪øʲôⳡƽΣû֮һĳˣ
š̯òһӱ˵ҴҴӺ׷һסҶЦ֮侹ͷ󺹣ֵֵܣ۲ʶɽҡ㡭Ͻⶫջȥ㣬ֵҪԶͷҰ˻ôⶫʵղкãˡ
ҶЦ̯һסм侹д˿ɼ̯ΪͬСɣһҲ˵ҪסҶЦͼʵ飬һ١
ҶЦתæתͷһֺֻ̯ϣѾһƬͨ죬С۾ԲСĶԼǳȫԼȴòϥҲЩƣһʱܹӡ
ŵһֻƴĶҶЦ
·ǶѾ֣ģһҲ
ҶЦǿֻȭͷСɢĹĽֱͺ󺣵޾еһССĽС
˼ʣﲻ˵ĿⶼֱضɫĽ
һɫȫˣٲ֮ǰƽˮ
ҶЦҲһ¡
ҶЦղû취ǱŻĴ㽫ͷǮҪ˼̯żߣûһСֽ̫£
ϾⶫԼֽһֽĶԼռ棬аСɽô࣬ԼֻץһСģΪ˵ͷǮ
ôȷӦ

𣿣
ҶЦ۾Ǻɵ̯һʱûŪ⵽Ƿʲô¡
̯Ķͷϴ˼Ѿڵð亹촽Щˣλ磬ղ۲ʶɽǺǧջȥҡʵǲա
ǺҶЦգǺΣѵǳֲͷ


9 Ǯɶ
ҶЦεȴȻһʱȻһ仰ļ΢֪ģ˲ˣԼǿ顰ǺԼʲôǣʵֵȴǲƣٶڵǰЩˣһ൱ɹ۵챦ϣ˲ʱתҲʱɵתߣէȻʵѾקøβû𣬶˵С˵־α
ƫƫ̯ͳҶЦһףͷϺӶˣ졣
ﲻ˵ǸѼעߣȻмֻζ
̯һᣬղСܹۿ˵ͣ۲ʶλ˵Σҿ糾ͣԶ·ֵ۳Ͷ̣֮εĴǳʳڣ硭СŪһƲˣΪӷϴıġ
̯۾ҶЦ
˼ѾмеʿԽԽ
ǼʿߵԽ̯ԽԽţͷϺԽԽܼˡ
ҶЦһͷʾϿ̯Լ
̯˵ҶЦԽͷ̯ߵĵ֮ڣȻžͽˣ̯ա
ղſˡ̯أɫҰףͷ亹һµӡ
ϰ壬ôˣҶЦǲʵ
̯һֿ˵Ŀעĳˣ㻹ôˡֵܣȻǺ챦ȴҪ־ؽ˻졭⡭ⲻĿŵĿô
ҶЦһãȻǺôˣ
̯¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣֵܣǵһɣ
ҶЦȻ˵ϰ巨ۡ
̯Եʱס
ҷۣ
ôͷˣ⻰ɶ˼
漴С۾ֱӵԲˣ˼˵㵱ǵһģ
ҶЦ¶һЦǰҪϰۡ
̯ʱˡ
ѹ̯֡죬һַ˼ŵ˵ĳǷġȻͽôӵͷǮҪǳ֧
ȴԭྐྵˣ⵹Ҳ˵ͨ˵Ϊ˳£СӾһ簡ղǻˡ
ϰ壬ǲ֪ǽҴȻͽҴƲˡҶЦ۾Ҳգһ£˵Ի˵£Ҳ̴Ԥ⼸ҳˣ׿һ򡣡
Ϊ˵ҶЦһ޼ɵѬ£ϸ΢ĦģܿԼ˵һγʱ̯ɫľұ仯
бȻĳأغܴǶԼã
Ʋϡ̯ͷϵ亹ð˳
ܹƲĴڣǿɲһĽɫһģ
̯ϵķ˼¡
Ƹߴϼĳ
ҳûʲô̯̽ʵ
զûأǧǧڶҶЦһĲףҪǸΥĻͰ㻨ǮˡҪ֪ôܲˣɻǸҲɻ䡭ˣҸղŸͷиǮģҸǺˣôҲǿȡᣬаԵʲôĳϱߣҪʼ£ø֤Ҫ㻨ǮΪûˣСҸû꣬аԵ
̯һĲ⣺ǣǹƽףĸԸͷԷġǣ㻨ǮˣòҲʲô˵ɣô𣿣
ߴϵҹӣѼ㻨Ǯϣòе߼ͨ
ҶЦ˸ۣ֪ʲôҵ㻨ǮҪǰһעģûǮ˭棿ȦӣǮˣûǮû棬û滹С£ؼ棬㶮ɣ
̯һкϱϽƷˣһֵʹ㻨Ǯôжٰ
ĵӿ˽һٵճˮ׼ܽ˽⵽ЩŵүƽػĿҲԼһݺ֮ġ
ңҲ֪⡣ҶЦҡҡͷǸʲô
̯ʱ
֪ƽʱʹʲôأ
ҶЦһ֣ȻһѺСɽһǺණܸߵĻе㲻ͬͷ϶Կ
̯ۿʱ볹״͵״̬֮С
ɶ飿ϿɣЩʶʶһɡҶЦǺջȥץһġ
ϼģǧģڵģС
Ŷ̯࣬ۿҪȥһҵġ
ǰλóģԼʶ治ֻ࣬ʶеֶѡ
һóǺһǷâ¶ʯһΪʶĿĽ֣ЩԼ治ʶ
ȴڡ
ЩôһС飬Ǿ޼֮
ں쳾ָߴϵĳλ棬ԾѾãڴ˵е£
λȻ棿ע
ʲôļ壿ʲôɰ
ҲҸݳޣ竣ܼңɶһˡ
̯Ĳ֪ôݣôȥˣ
̯ԭҶЦ˵һγŵǻᣬʵôС˼ڣǵС˼Ѿ˾⡣
ΨֱҶЦ֪ǵС˼
ȻԼĸ˵ʲô
Ȳ˵ɹ񣬳ɲɹҲãȴԼ³Ȼ군һ;
ҲԼˡ
Ӷˡ
˵ЩߴϼĽɫϲǨŭǸıǼҵͬһطסǾѾǸһȺϵ֮ˣ
˵䣬̯Ѿ˵ľƲ˹̯ЦٱƣӣӣĹӾƣСط£ֻüҰȤȻ빫ӷۣıһĵס
ҶЦҲٽ飬ԶƱһʱоһķҷڿѸӣ֮ȻȲļƷþơ
ȴ΢΢üɿһȻǳҰȤĹӾƣҲǱзζ
̯ǺһЦĳ˵Բԣ֪ԷȹҺƵԼҰ˽ľӼҾƣЦӴպŽʰɣǺǡ
ҶЦͷֺһ
̯һ㣬ĵλţƣָµûˣҪܰͽˣ񲻾ͿɴӴ߳һ죬ƽˣ
¾ǰͽ᲻ϣֻҪһԵΪԼҲһѵûԵҲǺ°
һˣȰƲȴǸˡ
Ǹƹġղ˵ĻңҡЩʲô⣿ߵǮôҶЦİõĳžƲʵ
ȿȿȡ̯ȻѾˡ
ǰλһλͷβ֪˼伲ҹӸ
һܼܱ֡
ȻǮʲô֪
ں쳾ϣΪǮңͨУֵ͵ǻҡȿȣѰ˼ҲͿ׬ȡţӭ裬£ҪֶͨΡȻҸһǰңһҵһٸңˣÿܹ׬ʮöңѾΪɹ̼ңٸһͨǺңһҵһٸңϵֻдʽʱŻֵĸ߽׻ңҸղᵽңѰͨзǼģϾһңһҡ
̯óǮҿϸ⡣
ȿȣõΪʾҪһöңһԪĻһңǰԪ󳮣һңһ顭һҡȿȣһڡ
أûôҶЦϵǮңƵʵ
ңʸӵС̯һǵͨ죬ֻ߽׵вŻֵĳױ֣Ѱ̼ңһҲղҵһͷҡҾһͷġ
ȴǱʧˡҶЦ죬ûгǸ
һߵ̯ϱ̾˿бۿ̯һۣҲ֪ıѡѡȥƫƫô뱲Ī˵ңҵͷû׬
̯࣬㻹˼˵ѡʲôҪǵƯ񲻾ҸˣƫƫģҪ˵
̯ϱʱŭ˵ʲôԼ˵ﵱƯƯԼû£ţ̰ڵæƣŲաȻҴʴʣԲѡ
ۿӾҪ
ҶЦæؿһⳡơ
޶Զʱס죬һڨڨġ
ʲôطҶЦʡ
Ƕ켫֮ء̯ʱָбӾ磬˶Ȼ֪ģ⻰˵ȥôûŻ˵Ϊţ
ɶָɶеһı˵ɣҶЦʡ
̯ӻΡ
ɶ


10 ֮أ
Ǯʲô
شǺûشȴ治һʳģȻµģ
쳾죬أֱǣϱ졣̯ɴ࿪˸ɽνĶָ죬죬죬죻Լ졣
ؽ磬ǶߵıС򣬵еΪˣͲԸڴ˾ס˵Ƕ֮أ˴򡣡
ԭˡҶЦΪɶֻ巽أع嫡
ֻһ죡ֻǱ߷ֽ޻ֿ˶ѡ̯и̣еν֮˵ֻһ巽أĿ򡭡
ʵԶŴⷽأԶ֮ʱþλסڲλԻҪĸܹǬ֮
ֻôûµ𡣡
ЩҲͱҰĲ֮֮ءֻǴûܹƿضѡ̯һһָ㽭ɽĺ
ţǵǸȥҶЦͷ˼ԺҲȥһ£û׼Ҳܳɾһۡ
̯ĲҴǻˡ
Ȼɲܹ˵ġ
һǾҪġ
ϰڵΪȥһʲôزҶЦ̯
ҡֻԪƷúܡ̯һɫ
ŶҶЦͷ漴ò̯֪ˣ쳾ߵľƷײΡ
ڵԪ֮ϵĸ߲ΣҲר쳾оСԪԪԪʥԪϣǼλ˲Ŵĸ߶ȣһԪ
ҹ۹ᣬѾԪƷȴҲ㡭̯ҶЦȴòһ֪δǵģ
ҶЦʱһɫˡΪ¶֪˶ѵᡭʹﳤ˵츳ƫͲ֮κΡ
濴ˡ
̯ͷĵҪǵڷһ㣬ôߵĳôõĻԵһĸǣܲôΪ
ʹӸ٣̯仰ʵòЩȴʵ
²ףӽѾʮˡҶЦĺ˿ھƣʮ¡
ʮ¡ʮţ̯һ˫͹˳ͷͷձ۶
ʮꣿ
ʮô£
ɲôҴСʱ䣬ҶЦһ˼ָ㣺Ҳп칻һ˰ɡ
̯ʱһ
ôΪء̯Ĳ˼˼
ôеģǳҩҶЦ˸ۣҳҩҲҵ֮ǰʱǳЩŵرôģʲôԵĳӶ̵ģΪ֪ͷֻͨɫҪԺóʱĹӡʲôģ㿴ͷҲĭ
ҶЦ仰ǷԷθ
С꣬ĵȷȷǳĵرġȻĵر쳾ŲϺţǰϼѾɼһߡ
ЩվҲŵر˵ֱ׳ȫ޻ٿԣ
̯ϼⲻϵѾΪ𾪶Ťĵز
Բ۰
̯кüƥձڶ
ĵرÿһٶԡ
ҡҪôҳĵرԶĲ˵ԪѴﵽ˺òá
һ뵽̯Ҫޡ
Ȼ˱˵˵Ĳ࣬զôأ
Ͷ̥һͶֹ̥ٷܶһ꣬һ屲Ҳǲֹĺòã
һٷҶЦڵǰ״Ҳ˽òˡ
Ȼݻȴһѣѽ
˵ҶЦȻûݻ̯֮۾һ£ֱԲҶЦȻݻûУǿ϶ĺӵˣⷴһ֤ӹˡ
ݻҪйٷ֤֤ġ첻ˡ̯£һ֮ضѡЩˣֶǡ첻ȥ±ƽһЩ޶ˮȿȡ
ڵһƬ򡭡
֮ء
̯˵֮ĸ֣϶Щˡ
֮ء
ҶЦ⼸֣ɫԵúܹ졣
ǵģʵÿһԵλã򡭡Ϊ١
̯̾쳾ǿΪȭͷǵʤ̭ʤˣԹԺã洳ˣǸоԼһûɶϣһˣֻҪƽƽĻȥͻ˳֮һıԵ򣬰ؼĶա
ƽ͵ͬʱͬʱȴҲʧȥ룬µӶڴ˶ȹ
ĳңҲŹ㡣Ϊ㣬Ѿû˰вݵĥ߶־
磬ģ֮޼ƽ͡
֮أľϼһûʮϵСӣΪЩӣر˳ȥ
ġǻǳȥϣһӶҪصʵǶôĲпҲá
̯㯡
֮أٷܱǶߵıͬʱȴҲ˼ܵ˼
ΪֻܽܳѾ仧ˣ־ԼԳȥһҲǲУֻҪܹ֮֮ľؿ˾ͻᱻȥ¼Լ룬Ļ߷
̯̾һ
ΪѾһϣʲôʸ̸롣ԣҪʱͱΪķۡ
ݴۣܴ
ؿ˼壬һ룬پŴذΨȫȹأӵһߡһ׷ǰеĻᡣ
еñᣬ֮Ȼ
ʵϣЩ˶ȥˣֻһȺĥµ֮ˡ
̯̾
˵ҪȥҲҪǾ֮صģҶЦɫʱˡ
ǵģֻܿʮµĺá̯о棺Ҳƣôᱻӵ峤ĥ¹֮⣬ȴд˼ˣǰ·̫Уάϵ
ҶЦ״ס
ڿ϶һ£ǾԼķԲƽϵķ
Լٷ֮һ϶Ǳ˸ˣ
ˣ
֮ǰջԴ緢Ϊ˹⻷ӳֵĵһ̣Ȼ޴棡
ôģҶЦܻ˭ңҲپһ㣿Ҳң
һ̵ŭֱء
ҶЦҪɱˡ
û뵽û뵽ȻҪ˶
ǣʲôǲܹƵģ
ⲻ۸
˷˳˳·ԳϵҲչ˺ôֵԼǱͶ͵һʲôûУҪлĻԭ棬µįСꣻòһһӡشӻ֮سȴ֮أ
һûȺסĵؽ磬Ҫ뿪⴦ؽ羹ҪʲôؿɲǾһľŵذ͸С壬ֹǾһʮ
쵰쵰쵰ҶЦĵȫûӹһģӰӣץסˣ漴һżףȻ͵ŭįһ쵰ң㣬Ҳܵ߸ôңţһҪ㣡Ϊ޵ģ޳ܵġ
ҶЦϲĶСʱ
һԵ̯һѾɺת࣬תٱϣ϶ڣһƬɷףֱȴҪص
һ˫ƤһϷֱӻ˹ȥ
ҶЦⷬŭƷģȫްڣһ㣬κ˶óó
ҲΪˣ̯ŵû겻壬ûֱѾոˡ
ǰλүղ˵ʲôˣò˵
ˣֽͶ֮ء
˵ΪϺ
Ǻ桭߸ôҡ
仰Ϣɾ̫ˣ
߸ذ
ҵ
ʲôĴܰ
̯ΪʶޣϾ⻹ǿ൱ŶƶϵģΪ仰Ϣ󲿷Ѿ֪ĸ߶ȣ˾֮⣬ȴҲûбʲôˣ
ҶЦŭһ٣أŭδйһغһھƣʵҲ˵ұҪ֮أܹ뿪Ƭ֮أȻۼ»ƣ
ǵģ»ֻڱȽϴĳвܰͳжûεְܡ̯սսĻػ
ģҪүҶЦ׵ˡ
ϵɽԼοıˡ
ҶЦѾ̯˽⵽һķߣǷϴ̥֮ȻӵлƵʸ֮˺쳾κһ֮С
ǽֵԼ
˳˳˳ˮͰ飬Լ˷Сʱ仹޽չỹҪʱпֱӱؿ飬̸
Լ뿪֮أҪ;ȥһȥδؾ˳ɣ
һеһСҲʱ䶼δع
ϾԼֵĿռѾСʱˡ
һ˳¡һҪʱһʱ䡭
Ƕࣿ
ô˵ûУҶЦŭóӶȼա

СȻͲµ˭ˣ˵Ŀĳһռֻ


11 ֮أҶ

ǰҪҪΪһҶЦʶһ㡣
Ǿ֮أǸ֮ϵĹذôùġ
ضôάЩ֮أԲҪЩ˵ƽݣӡ
㵱Ȼѡ֮أͬǽ˶ıݹ֮ȴҪųȥꡭô˵飿
Ӻֱ׵ĸҶЦҪٶѰεˣһϤھ֮ɥ
磬Ρ
ȥ׷Σͨܶ롣
оԼҲΪҪʱ㻹аĻᣬֻҪȥ֮أȻ԰
ˣȻҪʵʵֵַҪ̫ࡣ
֣ʵһ¡

ǰ֮¸һ䣬ҶЦȷ̯ѾûиϢ鱨ܸ̽ɴؽСһǺ͸̯̯ͨ죬ֲһʹȥ
ֻǰǾţǾϲʵ̫ϲˣ
Ӧô˵
̯һӣҲδ׬һöҡ
һңȴҲδܹһǺ
Ǻ޼ֽ֮
ں쳾߶ԣܹõһǺǹֻлԵֻ˲пȡá
֮Իе֪ԴǺ̶ȣʹֻһĵֻҪӽȥ̯ӵеһСǺʮ֮һķѰɱΪ
⻹ֻǺͨã
ǺĵطڣڶĹУֻҪһСǺԴ书ܣ𻵵ʲô̶ȣֻҪѽԼָĻʱ䣬Ҫ»¯죬ָܻӣ
Ҳа㹦𣬶˵İԵ
ΪǺЧ˹һСǺ̾ͻ޾Ѫȣƽ١
һ֮꣬һ㽭ʶĵ㲦Ȼջ˹̯ȻжӯԴ˶ҶЦĹ
ΪͶұĴۣҶЦֱ̯סһӦĳԴöȣ̯ȫˡ
Ȼʮ֮ҶЦȫȻ̯ĿȰ裬ʼ׼һ֮ء
ͻ֮صĿ飡
ӣҲϽˣõ֪ĵƬ֮أʹǺҲδзЧܵأԺ˶ŮöŮ֮شȥĻǺȥң
ҽҶЦסˣ
ֻˣ
ҶЦ˵ţ¶µâ֣ұ֤һں쳾죬£죡
ӱأ̯ͷһаŮȻȥѰ㣬ˣҼˣ
ҶЦ֣صͷ
ҶЦ˵̯Խһӣһٸңָûɶ£Ϊǳ˵Ҳ׬ǮЩѾеĻˡ
ĪҪƴǣƬ֮أЩĿȻ٣ʵȴûض塣ǧ𿴲ңָ統Ҳڽϴˣеġ
УϱϹͷˣ֪пռ䷨Žȥţɶʱóԣġ
һ·ء
Ҳء
ҶЦûнƴǣܸɴؽռ֮ڣתȥ
̯ĿþõҶЦԶȥıӰ
̯ĸ߽ͬңҶЦıӰҵģ㿴ܳȥ𣿡
ܣһܣ̯ն
˵ġôǺǺöЩ֮ص֮ˣδرȵϰʵڣУֵô
ֵãôֵã֮ˣȴǵһҲ֮˰
ԭдǵĺԺȥһ׻һֻǽһԵ˵Ŀ׻Ȼൣġ
ģȻģ
̯һǺ֮ص֮ȷʵû̫壬ϣȴҲÿ˶óǺ˵ģ
ǡ
ʲôҪеģҪ˳ɹô
̯ЦһѱסԼϱһƬ޶ʧڡ

Ҫ֮أ
һ׾ޱضҶЦ
ǡ
֣
ҶЦ
䣿
ʮš
ʮţֻʮꣿ׾پһԭľȻȫޱ沿׶ȳֱ仯
ں쳾죬פǶϡ飬ֻҪĹ壬һӶСӵӶ㺱
Ȼò̫ߣҪôΪߵûߣҪôʵõףŹò֮ˣͨйŹֵʵΪǹߣҲ󣬾ֻʣһŹֵòˣ
ҶЦ㣬ò֮ģ֮صģҪôûɶʵȴƯСҪôֱӾǿӵС׾ٶкˣ
Ȼǰ֮ԵʵȴһϾʮкӣóɫһЩǲӲԶΪСģ
ʮţ
׾ٲʵֻʮšؾ֮أѵ㾭ʲôʹ飬Ȼʮ֮ǰ;ûˡ
¶ֱ֣ǹ졣
ôˣȸճӤ˼꣬ձٵĺ쳾˶ԣֱӾǸСӣûʼؾ;ûϣˣ㵽
ΪԸ⵽֮أǱ˴ӵģǱݺġҶЦεĽ͵
䣡ԾɶҶЦĻţҶЦɡ
ȻǱ˴ӵ֮صģ
Ҫ˵ϳɣɣ翴ʲôģݼ֮أ˵Ҳˣ˵Ǳ˴ģҲҰøӸߴһ㣿
֪ΪĶʲôǿߣ㲻ţܡɶ
֮󣬽ȴǽ׾ٸӵĿࡣ
ʮꡣ
û˵ѣ
ԳǱӵ˵Ծɲš
Ͼ˵ĸ߶ȣûţͲܣ
ˣʹٸߴϵ˵ǰڹû壬һ
ơ
ûС
ûУ
۾㾹ȻƶûУ
ҶЦΣҪ˵ǸշġŲţ
ƨ仰զ˵ոһĺƽ٣˼أ
ٵŭ𣺡ֻʮ꣬ôˡʮ½СӣҪǸٺ˵˵ϷӣӾֱ㣡ҲһŵζӸǲң
ҶЦһͷߣôģ˵ĻԡӵǸһƽ٣˼Ӳ֪
ǰ̬Ʒ˵尡ɿ˼ҽ׾ٵΪԼò治ǸֻٹʼʩҼʵ壬Եʻ֮ȥ֮ء˰ɡǰûһγͱгӵ֮ʮа˾š
壿ҶҶңٶȽĿ۽ҶЦϡ
ԡ
û˵ٺһǿˣ㲻ҪԼøߴϣϻ˵Ҳøϻ㲻ҪôǱ߾ǡԼȥɣͨˣͿԴǱֱȥ֮صǣ
һָ
ͨأ
ҶЦʡ
ҶЦ֪ͨȻֻ·һǰЦнЦӵǻ۸ϸ֦ĩ֮п̽ѯ޷ȡõҪ鱨Ϣдһʣ
ͨҲԴȥ˵
ҶЦһͷߡ
ٵĻش̫ԵˣȫҶЦ֮ǰĻش𷶳룡
ͨͨԴǱ뿪
ͨˣ뿪֮ˡͨ뿪ˡ
׾ٵĿһֱңҶЦ뿪ֱҶЦӰȫʧڱ˶˵Ĺؿڡ
Ƕþúþá
ͷ㿴С˵Щеûģô
Ǻ񣬶ġٿЦҸղʹԼʵҲһʱӱȻǱĳλӵ⴦֮صġһȣаɥʧϣļ󡭡һ㣬϶޷١
ҪҪ
ء
ؿԼһ˴
Ӷ˶ǰ·ʼҪԼȥġ
ҪܻųȥȻ˵
Ȼ棬ͬ
Ȩ棬Ҳν档
ˡ
׾ɫף֮䡣
ҶЦǰ·˶һš
˵һŻĪ˵һĶڡ
֮صڡ
ٵһֱ׷ҶЦӰʧھ֮档

Լ˲ʱʱ֮󣬾ͷš
֮УҶ𣿡
ҶңҶЦ
ڲͣ˼Уϵƫƫӵ֮أǴɵúģ
ݵԼ˵Ǳˣ
ʵôλֱܹ߿ɾ̫ϬԵһˡҪ֪ûκηӦ֣¼
ٰ˼⣬֪жϵĻҶЦ˵Ļۺ̬ĸ߶ȲΣȴֱܵĲҶЦԣȴì֮
׾ߵĸӳȻĿһˣ֮УòƻҶġ
УУתĿԼĸ֡
ţ˵һҶңȷһӦ˵һλҶĴܡ㽵ɫ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵãԼʮ֮ǰһλߺնֱӽмأͳΣս֮
ɫ䡣
ƹʱڸ߽֮񻰴˵֮˿ڣ᲻֪
ˣ֮սҹղܣΪսܵĴۣԼӴԺʮУӵܲٳں쳾򣡡
˵伮أλʥĴߣɲҶ֣Ҷ쳾
Ҷ쳾
ٵɫʱˡ
Ҷ쳾壬񲻾Ҷң
ʮа˾žˡ
ɫأǵ伮ûдĻôʱ㣬ǵԼʮ겻֮ڣѾˡ
Ҷӵֳ徣ٶɺ쳾ǡ˳£пܵ𣿣


12 ء޽
⼸仰ԭɽƶľҰЩҶЦҶӵܣһֻʮˡɥھ֮桭ǡ
ϼ鴤һ£Ļǡ
˶һۣǷ˶Էһ޵֡
һ̡
˲Լͬİɱ֮ڡ
ǧǧǧǧҪһﰡ
ҪˣǾ͵øᣬֻ߻ǱˣһãǾЯֻ߾Ȫ
ղŴصأѾڼˣӳѯſ
ſأһľȲ죬ƺڻ״̬֮УͻһȣȻûܽ侪ѣֹƬ̲ŵʲôʲô
ٲһ˦ȥ˶㻰أ
⡭γѣæȻȴԾһƬ𾪣ӳǧϢŭְʵΪ𾪹Ȳʧ̬
׷ʲô£ô𾪹ȣ
ΪղŴصˡһ飬ɲǼѣӳղʸղŴص𣿡
ٺûôˣϸ˵
ǼһǾͲǸˣһĲ˼飺ǸһͷβĹ
ٵɴۣ
ˡ˼ѾͨȥһԴ֮أֱӾһ·񣬴ӵһأһֱͻƵھŹأҲֻ˲ʮʱ䣬Ѿͻ뿪֮ءᡭӦѾ֮ˡ
븱һ
֮صĽƣͬСɣרõؿǿǿպ֮ôܹ߹ص˶Ѿ֮٣˵洳ȥ֮ˣѹһûУǵ汻֮ˣسɹǱΣһֿɴͷô˵飡
ǣλҶӾȻôһʻĳȥˣ
û谭
ȻܹȥǾ븱ֶּԸĽһ֪䵱洳ȥˣȴǴһ˼˼飡
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
治˵ĺȻǸĪ⣬ܰ
ôģĿࡣ
²֪˵Ĵٶʵ̫ˣйϣʵԡ
ãȻãһЦȥǺţҪãҲһԵݷԵҲԵ
˽ȥؿõʱ򣬺Ȼо֮صһӦãȻһ𻵡
λҶӣֱͺһҲƣôʩʩȻƮȥһ㡣
£պ֮Уһֱûף£Ǳ˺쳾֮һ󲻽֮գǧŴòϢ

ҶЦĴ࡭ֻ˵Ϸ˻䣬ֵͬƣֻ벻ģȴûҶЦôҪ죬ǰҪԼĺգֵܻͣʲôȤʲôأҪỹĪΣǰȺ
ԣڽ֮صʱֱѡ˵а͵˳֮Լϣȫ߶ʹһоܲˣһ·ǿƳ˳ȥ
һ֮صйȫ棬ҶЦһ·Ȼ⣬Ĵ˾֮أ֮ͷҲһ£Զ۶ȥ
쳾졣
ҶЦʽˣ
ʮϢص࣬ĲһߴϣȿʫԶҲǹ飬û˵ȥ

˺һʱ䣬ҶЦȫûפƬ̣ͺһҲƣӴѸӹ
;һӦССУҶЦȫȻûפ㣬ֱӴǶһֱǰۡ
֪ԼղЩطԾֻڶıԵ򣻶ԼҪһƬս֮أִܵﶫһǣ
ҶЦһٹ̵뷨
ҪչҪ׳ôֱӴĵط֣פ㣬չ
Ч죡
ֻҪܹҲǾҵĵطֶΣٵشһƬԼ£ôպһͬ˳¡
һĻ֮أʹƼĵطܹóôĵطǸӵ練ƣȫѴ
ҶЦеĿ꣬һֱȷúܡ
Ƕһǡ
ǵ֣ҶЦҲѾ̽׵۳ǣ
ȻҶЦڸ׵۳ǣ޽֮ʱȴòͣǰĽŲ

޽
ν޽ְ˼һǴ˾Աޱ޼ʵ˼˵Ƭطκ۵Ľɢͳεҵش
˵˵ֻ߻ȴһȡ
޽ǺһƬޱߵ½ɽ򣬸ȫմߡ
أ˵ϱĸǸ۵Ļô޽ȫûܹĽ
ǽҲǺ޽ȻҲԲǺ
ûκι
Ҳκεĵߡ
ֻһǿΪȣ
ǸǱߵĹǳͬȭͷǵǿʳǿ
ȫȫĴַ
ҶЦԴ̤޽룬̾͸о֮޼ɵ֮
ҶЦʶضסŲעǰȥ·һü
ǰһУҲһƬɽȴСޱߡ
޽޽˼ѪӢҲѵǧ˭ܹѪ㣻аǧبж䡣
޽޽һ޽硣
һѪɱ¾磡
ߵĴ˶ȥǱߵıʣᴩֱ߾һ
ȴֻжΣգ
ҶЦվŲһʱȻ
ҶЦҲˣϾͻдʱҲȻ飬ʱֻҶЦߣʱ򣬶ΪӵоλߵʵνȻҶЦƶΪԼֵֻ̿Ȼ˿̣Ϊһٺ쳾ĵͽߣֻӦ˵һʵ֮ͨѰˣһ̣Ϊδ֪ǰ·Īգһγ˻ֵ̿
ڴʱȻ֣Ȼһİ
ƺ˵ˣǾʹһ·ɱȥѪ;޻ڣǰ
ҶЦһĿǰ޽Ľ籮˵ɱȥǴﴳҹȥʱ򣬴־͹ˣ

ֽ׶ξֻóӤһǣȻ޷ҶЦ˵ɱȥʹ֮𣬵ҶЦȴоԼתתһ·
ӷͱ°ӣ񣬵޽
޽ԼΪѾεΣдԼĺһУ򣿣
һ·ɱ¾Լһ·ĥѣԼ˷ӵıؾ֮·
Ҫ̫̫ƽƽ߹ȥ϶Ǿ޿ܵġ
Ȼ̬ˣԾЦ޽ʼ쳹죡
ܹ飬ҶЦܹͬҪҪøɫޣ
ں쳾ۣ˵Ҳ޽ƴĽɫȻһпѪսȴҲͬһԵأ
޽
ȥҶЦעɱҪ̤룬涺죻ΪҶЦ֪ԼΪڻڵ׵ġ
ˣţȴäĿţԷƱȴͬ޶ˣ
һððʧʧȥעĽ֡
ǰ·Ǹߵã˲Źɲţһˣһи壡
޽һƣ꣬̾ỷŵĵؽ磬һСвһغ귵죬ɾԲǿЦġ
ҶЦ֪еϵڽ޽֮ǰٵһԼ
ϣֻһôϢ
ʱ賿š䡱һԭϢҶЦͻµأžһѪ
ҶЦ侪ңתѹƣӱԴͷȴУԶһͷ߷ɹڴ֮һ˼׷٣нǧãԭ㱻Զв
ҶЦĴֻǲòʵرһУֱӻҷҲǴ޴棬ϣҲһӡ
һ˹ѹƣһɢʶ˽״ҶЦ彩Ӳڴӵײͷգ˼ʻ¾Ȼûаһ¡
ϹңδȰ
˵Ľ֮Եǿᣬֱš
Ҫ֪ҶЦֻǳܽನ֮״Ѿ˹氤һڣ
еֻڹŻ߲ʰ쵵ëŬųУԣ׷ɱͷռݾԵϷ硣
ȸѾͶ·ܰɣһȣһӣһɽһبգҴǰһֱûɱ֣Ҳ֪ҵ飡
Һɷ֮ҵҲû㣡
ӡ

ȸ
ҶЦ̧ͷȥǰһĻ˼άͣãȻ޴롣
֮ǰֵĺ׳־裬ڲп˹֮ǰ˵Ĳ
Ȳ˵˿ռϷǸɷֻ֮˵׷ֻΪѾԼ˲֪٣˼Ȼڲϱӵ״̬֮УǱ˼㣻ȻǿϢֻϢѾԼ̾Ϊֹ̾硭ʮһ
˵λɷ֮ǿʲô̶ȣȻѾҶЦ֪ƾȻҪǿޣǿˣΪΣ֪
ǿȸߵһ˵ҪҵͷۣģҲû
졭ĺɷ֮һĳĹ֪ϻϲϵ㣿
δ䣬һغڿȸϡ
νͽֻǶƤ֮࡭ɷ֮ЦţʼղϾͷץס֮󣬳ĻǼʼջӳΪο໹Ҫͽͣ
ȸĵĳһҲ֪ǲǵǺͻأص
ҶЦ״ȴǴһ
ҶЦ˼ȴڵǿȸİΣĵǡ
ͷ䲻УҪɲҪô
ҶЦǿԼӣ˿Ӷһߡ
Ȼš䡱һ죬ͷ˶ĿȸȻ˴ӵϷȫסˡ
ԲԲĴ۾мֱǸζ˴ڿӵλõҶЦһۣͻȻֱʵɫʡ
һλõĻ档
Ȼûκ¶ȵĿԣȴǽȸϤС
ݣеĺɷ֮״ŭһ֮ô֮ͷĿȸô֮𣿡
Ȼǳ޵İա
ѲɾΪСһб¾㣿
ԡȣôڵһʱ֮𣿡
֮⣬Ϊʲô
ɷ֮ڿһ˵ӡ
֮ܿȼմԭеĿȸ˼ȴѾˣȡ֮ģȴڿӵ׶һž޴ʵ
ͷȸȻ˸ң֪УֵʱȻ֮Լ»ع״̬һŵ⣬Ҳ뵱˵Ϊūۡ
ֻǣҶЦȴǵɵˡ
Լǰĵٿλɷ֮ɷĳɵһӶΡ
ʲô¶ԭ˯һ˶ѡؾôĪؾ˹յ档
㵹ǺˣһŵɶҲ֪ˣ±˳˲ˣҲһ֪˵еķǱǺɷ֮ôԴأŹ𣿡
ԴˣҶЦֱˡ
λɷ֮ΣȴһλʿЦЦĿҶЦҶЦ´ҶЦһԭǸСٺ٣ɶĿȸɱһŵСҲԸҵ
ҶЦԩң˵ǰ¡ʵûϵ
Ȼ֪ãҪһԡ
Ⱦ򲻹ģƾһԼҲ϶ϲǰλɷ֮һ֮С
ҶЦǰ֮Ҳûеģ¶ΪĵҶЦǺ׵ģäĿóѪ֮£Ծı䣡
ɷ֮ԡߡһǲͷ˵Ȼ֪ûϵôΪʲôƫƫͳ֪֪Ϊĳ֣³˲ۣ
Ȼ棬һˣͱ
ɷ֮һȻ˵Ҳò㣻ҿûüʱ佫ģȻˣСӣҾͶȫһ㣬СӸһ·һ߾ȪȴҲȪ¼ţһ·顣
ⷬȴǶǿŵ˵ġ
ȻҶЦˣУԶԶһŵҪ
ɷ̧֮ƣпҶЦȴһ˽Ҫһֻϡ
ҶЦ̾˿Ȼ֪У֪ǿ⣬ҲҪһ£һһ֮䣬һƽʱüļ
˼ʾ財
ףɷ֮״һ㶣ЦȻҪһս
Цƺʲô̫Ц飬˶ҶЦ۵ݺԱʱ
Ȼһ̣ЦȻֹ
ΪҶЦüǵû£ɫȴͬ˹һ㣬˺ͻأ˻е㡭㾹蹫ӵˣ


13 ҶҺˡߺɷ
蹫ӵˣ
ҶЦ¶Ȼһһȴûмʱڲ˵
λɷ֮쳣ɫԴͷȴΪҶЦǰһ⡣
һ⣬ȴԴһССı

ǵа͸ҶЦķ֮
Ԫ֮
˵蹫ӡа𣿡ҶЦظоĺɷ֮˼ڲǾҲɳļ˾ֿ֣ʼα仯м˵׹ֿʼۼϿڷʡ
ܹӹٵڵȣһ޽
ɷ֮һһ˿Եľ֮ɫٶȴһ
ƺʹֻа֣Ѿܹоټľ㤡
а˹
ҶЦԼа֪ȫͣڵӡ󣬷ǵڱ棬Ǽ˵ķǳ֪֮⣬е˽⣬аԼ֪ģģȻȫܲ⣡
ܹ׹ֿཻѵĽɫᵱ򵥣
˼ʣֻһѾܹסǿɷ֮Ⱥݽɫѿɼһߣ
ǡɷ֮ɲҶЦ
ǰһСޣؾֱ蹫ӵ䣿
Ҳ蹫ӵˡҶЦʵʵ˵ʵʱúɷ֮ǰһҶЦȥ˵Ļٶɷ֮ɵۣ˵ҽʱ򣬿ʲôû˵˵ףֻһ֮佻ˡ
ʲôû˵
ˣ
˴˽ˡ

ţЩòҲϹҶЦ׹ƶ֮ʱ׽٣аΪȫѣͳɳɳԪ֮ʱͳԣȷʵ蹫ϸ˱ҶЦģ㵹ҶЦ
Ҫ˵˱˵˵ãǼ˾ʮǳɵλƷȻ˱䵽ҶЦ֮󣬿ν鰵Ͷ޴ӷʵܣɳȼΪޣԾƾܶ෬ѫ鱦໤ҶЦ粻֪ٻˣ
Ԫ챦Ī˵򡢺½ȵͼλ棬쳾Ķλ棬ҲǼΪλù屦аƴ˱֮ʱŪ½֪еļһ˲֪˱аͷ
Ǵ˱˵ĳɷһһ۾Ϳ˴˱ıʱ֣ͣҪʱһ֣ҶЦн֣ûӽܵҶЦԾĲҵ³
˼ԭаͷȴȻһ˵Уɷ֮ءأ
ɷ֮еļɵ֮ɫԽԽŨôһ£
ǰһΪǳòһܴȶûУղһĨֻңԼһǰ˵һУҪԳв蹫ӵˣȴ蹫ӵĽҡԳǱ˴˽
⵽ɶ˼ѵʲôԼ֪˽У
ǣɷ֮ͷ˿̵ĵ׳֣ǱԼСϺǰȻĽŻв
ЩСġ
꣬蹫ƽ֮£ν½֪ΨһһаԼƳıȻ蹫ӵʱ˸߲óչʾʱ˵ָСز㣬ӵѵõĿɳɳԣδչռҲΪޡ
аŪһͷӵĳȴǿ˵⽫ıδȻ޿
ȻҲ֮ܿʱȻ˾ʮǳΪģƷΪʵȴǲϷ㣬ҪʣҪΪ̫̫֮ƷģЩʹһ춼Ѱ֮ҪѼȫ֮ƽֻ»Ҫʮ
Ȼ˸ȴǡĸ֣Ͼ蹫ȼĽɫԪò񻰣ϲԪգ蹫ǵ滨꣬ʮ˱δز˱ɾĪԻ֮ͣ쳾ĸߣס
û뵽ֻһֵĽˣǳһİϣ
һˣɷ֮ĵôܲģ
Ժɷ֮⣬ҶЦһܱǸҲܸ㡣
է仰ɷ֮ЩЦԷˣѾСţȻ˵ʲôܣ˭ĵ
תһ룬ȴ
ǺųƵ蹫ӵı֮
͵ֻԨԴɷ֮Ͳ
ΪԪ֮УȻߵӡǴڣԼ潫һɱˣе蹫ҵԼͷϡ
ǲĴֻأ
ɷ֮Ȼһ㣬ţ¡Ԫ֮쳾˲֪֮£˱ԭаȴϽ֮ǰСбԵ
ǰСΪǳʲôʲôզأҲӳһЩӳʲôأܵԻܵƺȡţӲҲõģòƲǿԡɶô԰ΪаӴӣȴΪʵǳûԱ֮ܣŽ˱軤ⲻȫͨô
ԼаƣЩΪ˼˵һ˼ǿģ
аĻ㲻Ҫ˵СôҵĲˣҵձȽΪһ˺òá
ȿȿȡΪѾĺɷ֮ЦҲһ󶶶תתӼȻ֮Ҳˣ粨նĪ⣬Сֵܳ潭Ҫౣزǡ
˿ϵĿȸԵһСֵܾͱУѾ͵ĳ͸СֵܵһССˣǧҪ
漴ˬشЦһžһ𣬳
ôʩʩȻˡ
ҶЦһ±ƣȻԵǰ̬ĺչȫϣٿԼǰԲĿȸôģ͸һŲ֪ɶõĵȴͳһ㡣
˵ĳڣ̸צ
˵ˡ͸ңŵ
磿˭磬ҹǰ磬Ӽסˣ
ҶЦָʾԼµԱӣȻһƨȥ
Բۣ쳾죬̫Σˣ̫ˣΣҶЦţµͷðһӵ亹
Լ̫棬̫ΪˣΪԼں½ԲŪƣưԣ˺쳾ǴͷҲ̫ײ㡣
ڿʲô̫ײ㣬ȥϡȥ˳ĵز
˼˸ֻ̣Щ΢ನȻͽԼˡ
Ҫ潫ĿԼƴҲԼˣ
ãҶЦƽƣɱûŹ˼ǿŵװ˿ռ䣬ȻӣĿĵ棬ɵһ૵һҪ͵һЩ
ʱһͬ𣺡СֵܵȷҪ͵Щźá
ҶЦתѭȥֻǺƺɷһĺɷ֮Ȼ֪ɶʱվԼ
㡭㲻ôҶЦһ⡣
Լղŷؿĳȥʲôʱֻˣ˿׶ޣ
ȿȣҸղίʵѾ뿪ˣϸ룬СֵΪ蹫ӵѣһ޽֮أĳʵǷĲ£޽¸ӣûļһȱȽǣһڹӶǲˣĳҲ蹫ӵĹʽ˼£ԸСֵһ̣֮ǰ˹ӵɷ֮ϡ
ҶЦʶس˳顣
һȻǲģԻǺĻͣ˭֪ʲô˼
ҶЦɵͷʹ
һԼߣͬһöըֻҪһСģҪ˵һ仰ܽԼը÷֡
ǾܾԶ׼ӲС
һȻѾҪԼԼİѲˡ
ҶЦϵʱԳһƬ֮ɫ̫ˣ֮ǰżȻ⣬¶֪Ǵ˼ȥˣ֮ʱ˺ڴڴˣ̫ˡ
ɷ֮Եʱһ㶣Сֵܹո
ҶҶЦҶЦƺǺĻĽ͵־ҹҹϸ裬ջЦ˼
ɷ֮һЦֵúˬʵĵȴ룺Ҷ쳾죬ƺûдҶģǴĵϵãȴа۽
һͨ˼һ֮࣬ȻһĿ࣬һʱȻ
Ϊǽ׶ӳһ㣬뵽һ֣һΥ֡
Ҷ쳾
´˵ʵ̫ˣʼձ߽ģʹҶ쳾ԼڵҶΪֹѾʧʮ֮Ҷ쳾֣Ծɻǽһ֡
ν˵ӰҶ쳾ǿ۲ľܡ
ѵǾΥҶֳ𣿣
ɷ֮һˣʱһ£鲻Խ˵ˡǰɲʮȥˣûá
о̲ס¶־µĹʡ
ҶЦһĿԵøаһëСӡ
СֵܣҶҵˣɷ֮˼ʵĿ˿Ӹ£С
ԷҶҵˣаͳͲǲ˼飬Ǻ˳µ顣
ǰҶѵҶˣҶЦͷ˵
һ棺ѵ쳾죬ȻһرţƵҶңǰôûἰ
ɷ֮ײСֵܵıլʲôطãǿԵĻĳСֵܻؼҲǿԵġ
ҶЦһࣺڴ˻ȴʵˣһ治֪ҼʲôطڴΪǽ飬Լ˵Լ֪Լںδίʵǵﳤҳеһ׼ʱ䶼û£ֱӾǼҾͷƲ㣬ವһ£ôˡ
漴һ飺ҵĻǷαڴжϣǺڴΪСǿɽ֮ˣ֮ͷڴˡ
ɷ֮ϼһ飬ĵСӵէƺ˵˵˼㿼ȴҲ˵ͨҶʮ˵Ψ˲ǡ֡
ôһ룬ʱоԼץһֻɽ
ԼֻҪһһΣͻܶ˿һһҪǳɶ£ҶҿµһҪԼҶϣǻԼĺô
һˣɷ֮ʱڵóӶˡ
˵Ҳ˰ɣ
ǵöֻˣǸëԼԼұҲڰ
ȸﷴѾûˣСϺ׷һкη
ԼǵðͰ͵ĸϻɵãֱӳɱ˱ˣǱķ
ɷ֮һ·ڣ·ԶԶɹˡ
ѽɷпͽػŸˡѵӣ
ǡɷ֮æҡͷϾһƬɫ
û˿ĻʵǳֱڣʵǿЩģҶˣû뵽ôãȻͿˣƫƫһ򲻹ܶܲ߻һ׸žžС壬ֱȻƿƿһһӻƿʲôͿˡ
ֺɷ֮д˸пһߵҶЦô汦һһ·˹ȥƱӻҪӣ
Ҷһܰ״ˣȻǱȽϺĹٷ˵˵ͨһ㣬ĳ˵񾭱ȽϴȻ޷ôȻҪã޶ȵá
ѵôһ쳾ϽߣԳã̫ԲԼԲ֮ǰԼŪѪ޹
ڴ磬Ľ򻮷־ΪΡ
ڴ磬ǰ޽ΪΡ
ڴ磬˼ߵȼΪΣָжϣ
ڴ磬ͨŵرЩҩȼΪΣ
ڴ磬֪޵ȼΪΡ
ڴ硭ûǮһ·ϵľˣС̴ܾˡ
ɷ֮һ·߹ĸоԼߵҪ
ٲбԼߵĸ߽ˣ
ԼβǼһɽɽһ汦ӵĺ汦
úɷ֮еƵǣСһôɶɶ֪أ
ȻɷϵǣҶЦЩһʳȴҲ֤һ¡
ɷ֮ԽĿ϶ҶЦԾǸµҶ֮ˣ
Ҳֶֻݼ쳾ʮĹϼ壬˲пôһ֪
С׵С׻ҪСף
ϾҶЦʳЩⶼ̫ƽףƽ׵¾Ǻ쳾ͨˣܹڽ𣬸ʶ
λҶȴЩʶ֪ͨͨȫû
ȻһҲƵ״Щշˣǻɶɶ֪ڽأɷ֮ѹûոշķߡȥϵ
һոշķߣ϶ûпȡаı鱦ʣȫԣ
Ժɷ̬֮ʹӻɣɱ⣬ŰɣȻ⣬ٵˣٵŲɣٵԼΪǣȷɡλҶЦҶҵˣҶ쳾ĺˣӹɡԿ϶顭
·̣ɷ֮ںܶʱˣͷƶ޶ҡܡ
ƴ˼ʾҶЦڰĵʵҾֻǴҶǸҶңҶ쳾ëǮĹϵûУҸһոշķߣ˶ѣ
ɷ֮ҲֻԶԲ϶ҶΪ˵͵Լߴϵݣαװͨߣ֪˶˹ʲ治Ҷã˵Ĵȣ
Ժɷ֮Ӳб˼ˡ
ҶЦҶЦ
׵Ҷ֮˰
Ҷ쳾ĺ˰
һԲϾ۴ֵȳ˺


14 Ųס
ɶи߶˴ϵΣ͵ںⲻô
ƽʱɽ©ˮСȫ޷ֱһؼʱ̣һ־ǽıǵ͵ݻ޿ɱ⣡
ǡҵġ
ǣɷ֮ԴҶЦӲҵʹԶôСףǰ׳յ⣬ʼӣһĽͣÿһ飬ȫ޾ϸͷʼɡ
Ϊ£ɷ֮Ȼ֣ôģӾȻеһǱʡͽܣȻҲһѺ̵ְΡ
һ·ϣɷ֮˵ÿڸðǡ
ⱲӿνɱԽʲôɣǡɶʱɹ
ڣķ
˼չˣ
üζѾݺҧҧҲˣҲˣֱһɡ
վǲҡ
ϾϽ¹Ȩ֮£ɷ֮ʹѾ޿ˣȴˣ
ҶЦһ仰ʱ򣬺ɷ֮ʵǱġ
ڴ磬ûǮ
ɷ֮棬Ľˣôĳ죬ǮѾĸҲҸСһ㣡
Ѿˣ
ԭҲҪ򵼡ڣҪְķûгͣټһԲȵݣ
ֹĽˣɰҲҪһˣ
ɷ֮һȫȻεıߣľȻ˵ûǮƽڼʱʲô
ڼҵʱҲǮҶЦڰݡʳ˼̻ĳ١ԽԽǵӦ֣ʲôֱùǣ˵䲻ģֱǰҲŵһονͨ¡
ɷ֮һΣҿȻǮûĻ
ڼûµʱ򣬶ֵܶŶаһѣָҵģôңӦٶܾһµġҶЦ赭дƺǡ˳ڡ˵˳

˽׸ҵģ
Ϣòе󰡣
ɷ֮һ¡
аֵǰλҶӵģ
ʲôٶܾһµġ
Ϣɾ͸ˣ
ѵ˵գаֵʱҶĵ׾ȻǾܾģһǵܾһεģ
ҿҲҫøһ㣿
Сֵܶаһ֣ЩϢòƻҪһ㰡ǡֵܡݣǷֻǿаֽˣͲѲ³⼸ݾԵͲˣҲͬһģ
ǣаͬһģȴֶЩʲôأ
ɷ֮һʱԼȥͷȥžͼʱоԼһεĸһͷְԼ֮ǰľǶôӢ
ȻǶ϶ӮɣˣҲӮɣʱأɷ֮汦ӣΪԼ̬Żһ¡
ʱȻҲУͨ֡ҶЦ˿Ѿ֪ԼӽռֳЩÿһֶǲ˵Ķ
ʵ޾ռһѰˣа֪ҶЦҶЦɽΪԼԪ̫֮ǳʹ⣬ڸʱ򣬸˺쳾Դᾧ𾧣ֽ𾧿ΪṩܵĶһֻʮţûҲûˣ
а֪ҶЦ񹦵棬ΪǳȴܹƾôһΪɼԦãЩֱΪƷ
аӲ֪ǣҶЦܼԦռҲɽ֮ͷ֮𾧣Ȼģʽں½Чǳ룬ǰҶЦڽռȡֽбƬʱ𾧣ǰδе˳һ𾧣ʹֽ׶ΪԾǳȴѿɽ𾧳ʱʹˣ
˿̵õ˿ʵװƵĻᣬһغԼСȫĵǰĳǲԺúһ񲻶Բĳ汦ķʣ
ԴӿռóǺԼ־ף۾ЦЩҶͦϲġ
ȻҶЦǣߵĺɷ֮Ȼֱûˡ
ҶЦתͷһȴıδ󺺣˿һͣڽѣһ˫۾ֱĿԼϵ¡
ڴ磬ôˣҶЦԼɵ𺳣֪ʵķʵ
Ǻ̫𡭡Ŷҵ찡ɷ֮һͬħһ㣺ЩǴ˵Сδٳ徵¡ôôഫ˵еͬʱǰŶҵġ
ҶЦһЦڴЦˣҼҿĶʵ٣ȻȴҲΡڴϲüȥ档
ɷ֮ƴһҡͷ˹ģЩҿܲ𡣡
ҶЦãüȥ£ȴֵʲô飡
ɷ֮ƴǣ۾ȴֱضҶЦһһ龧£ĭһһڵȥãȴҲõġ
ЦЩǶֵϡ£
ǰҶЦԲ֪ЩļֵԲŻô󷽣Լڹ۵ˣһԺҶҵ˳ˣ֪ԼҶЦ֪Щ
Ŷҵġ
ԭĽԵֱӾͱɾϲ⣬Ļ죬ǿȡᣬıƣ
ɷ֮ȫԼ³ôҡ
ò治á
ððɣôͲãûµģզôء
ܲܲ
ɷ֮һƴǣһȻ飬ʹĵˮۿﲻͣĻȴҪƣ⵱к¡
һǰԼֻҪǿⶫУ¾һҲҪڵһʱ佫֮Լˣû뵽ԼȻôһ졣
żֵǵĶ͸ԼֻĴһ֮ҲǴδйġ
ƫƫԼҪƴǲҪԼҪòã
˿֮ƽδ֮档
ɶʱҺɷ֮ȻĿڲһˣ
Һɷ֮ȻĲǺˣûɹĵҪȴ˵ҪĹòã
ɷ֮ɵ¾Ǵһйһͷıơ
֮໹ߡ
Ѿע߲ˣӿ޲
ڴ˵ԻǮĵûееһô׻ǮҲ°ҶЦһЦЦڰ׳˼ʮɽ亣ζķ֮˵
ɷ֪֮˵ɶˡ
ʵȵ˵һ䣺ûµģһСǮһѹû
ߣվû˵
ԭܼ򵥣ܵŲദ죬ɷ֮·ѾԼɰȻ飬ᣬòֲ֧̫ˣ
λҶҴ治ˣǮǸִţѾǡǱˡ
ֻÿͣʲôѾԵúɷ֮ޣˣ
ǧΪΪɷ֮ߣͻ洦˰ͽᣬͿԳԷǮطܻ鷢޽޿ܣ
Ͼ޽ȵطܹȿ𷹹ݵģûһǵ֮Ǳо˵ҵг˵ı֮ûһǺǵġ
ȻһǮһֻеʳϳʲôģҲȫǶġ
֮ģڲ֮˲׵£ӦøļǮȻҲۣطʮ
˵һΡ޷꣬ǵ̺ȷʵǲ׵Ʒȣһ涥УҲͲҪʮҶѡ
ȻȴٻʮöҲ֧
ɵ㷨һˣǧǮѾܰˣҪʮǮܳһΣֻһˣʮ飬žҲõ
ʮҵĶʮңֱǡɥɥĲ˷ָ˳䡣
޽ۣ
õģΪλҶӸͲ
治Ϊ˺ɷ֮ʡǮǡ˼ҶѹͲϧĳʲôΡ
ٸߴиãԵǡ⣬ѩӥ⣬⣬⡭
ЩһҪȷ߼࣬ȻǮҲҪߺܶ࣬ÿһˣҪʮҲõһһӡ
ҶӳԵõ֭ˮ磬졣
ѩӥȸԾеͷ
۳ңζãȻûɢ൱
ֲƷͲֻ࣬ǲǿ⣬

һ߳һߵһٷƽҪõٺңȣ
ɶǣôԣ糿ҲôԣŴ󻧵ʮ㡣ʮٳɷ֮ȻԼ˵ѾȥƲıԵıԵ϶Ѿˡ
ҡҺɷ֮ȻΪҲǲˣҲǱңҡֻһɢ޶ѣ˶ѡ
ҵ޵úܣֲ֧ӻ˺òã
ɷ֮ġ
ɷ֪֮ҶЦΪǳ٣ƷԼ۱ȵȴĲףϰߣĿȾ֮£ĥˣҲΪȴνǻ棬ʹܲǰ֮ĵ̣ܴжϳֵڣƾһ֮鲼½鱦
ҶЦⷽνǵϰ洫㲻ܿƷʵôֻһȴǲڻµģ˵ζǺǣ½Ȼֻͼλ棬ʳȴҪġ
ҶЦһҹӣγһʳȻû˵Ʒƣȴſڻ£׾٣
˼ţСԣʳĴҲóϷϹϾ̣
ɷ֮Դֻܸ̾һ治Ƕҳҹӣֻ죬ˣһ仰ۣü
Щÿϣڶջĺϵʱ򣬺ɷ֮ͻʶشԼӣ㷸û£˵ʵʵ˶á
ڿɵãôģ˼ҵıڱķ˵ѰԼİȥһС룬ʲôʱǸͷ
˵׬ǮģģȻ׬ǮȻǮТһô飬Ҳúɷ֮ȻһëСӽһһù裬;ƿݣɶɶ
ǡ
ɷ֮ʱ򶼲ɣôĲҵıӦɣ֮ǰ̫ˣ
ڿǲʱ򲻵ʱһʱͱ
Դ˼ҶЦô˵ɷ֮ȻҲӲһ£ɾӲ
ǿɷ֮ˣӲˣҶЦҲû˭ˣ
ֻǣҶûǮҪզأ
ҶЦͷ㿴ǰҵǺһôֵüǮɣ
ɷ֮Եʱһ
ֵüǮ޼֮òã
ţص㣬صǣȻҪȳƷǮ
֪˵ʲôҪʲôҲٰܼһ㣿
ţ͵ǰԻص㣬ΪǺⶫʵ̫ϡˣҪֵطδ𰡡ΣֻҪǰóžͻΪʸ֮ġ
˻һӵٵİ
ʱİ
ҵģ
һ뵽ɷ֮Ҫˡ
ǺȺƷ׳֣Щһ𣡡ɷ֮ᣬأԺˬǼٷֵʲô
ڴǺˣСܾͲˡҶЦһм
ˡ
˼һ֣ɷ֮ס
Һɷ֮Ȼһڱ˺ˡ
ޡ
Ǿ仰üģ
ֻǣֻǼٷô
ֹԶԶֹ


15 ҳǰ
һȥҶЦΪҲһǧٶͻͽ
ΪȻǺ£ҶЦڷԼΪͬʱԴӵ֮ԼòƱøܳԣƵıٹȵδΪηöЧܴۿۣ仯ҲԼԼʳ౶ٹȵЧȻԶˣںɷ֮ߵʱ䣬ҶЦֱһͷѣÿͲʹãƣٷЩ⣬Խȥ֮ȫҪͺȻȻػֱӹ뵤
кɷ֮λҵİңҶЦȻپǶ١
ҶЦ֮ΪԴӽ޽Լ񹦣ȻֳһǰδеĻԾ״̬֮һ߿ŵĺɷ֮棬̾Ϊֹ
ҶֵܣڸճǻᣬʲôƷףɷ֮ʵ
ԪƷɣСû̫ⷽңҶЦȷ˵
ҹɶԼƷ׶ǣƷƷܶòãʲôСû̫ң㵱ɼҵ㣿
ɷ֮һ߸̣һ˵أ
ҶЦãȻҡͷڴʵˣһ治֪ĿǰʲôƷסǼҵƷףЩƷǲͬģǽ鲻˵
ԭˡ
ɷ֮еź²˵ȻŵùҶֵܵģе£ʵ˽룬Ҹһ£һ㵱ǰʵΡ
˵ţԽִҶЦŽ΢΢룬ȴִֻȻһɷͻأ
ɷ֮һĿࣺԪôԪ
ҶЦãȻԪԪʲôͻ𣿡
ɷ֮һײǽĳ嶯
Ԫ֮ȡΪԪԴԲ֪ǰһλ˵һ仰֮·֮
仰Ҫעصڣλ˵ǡ֮·
֮ԪʵѾǷܹﵽ߲Σ
ԪƷߣ֪ҪĥѣܹͻƼޣߵԪ
Ԫ˼壬Ӵ˾ɷȫ¾硣
ϵĳ֮·
쳾֮УоųϣԪƷֹ
Ҳ޷ǰ
ɷ֮ʲô˶ܿԽģ
޷ԪģͳΪײȺҲνġƽա
ôҪĹؼһأλҶӾں޲״̬֮£¶ض˹ȥұʱһãȻֻӦ˵ȫȻûһ£ٲ£
Լͻɷ֮ʱȥƿļʮٿԷȻɶҲ֪ȻͻƵ¶
Ȼӣ˱˵
ɷ֮˼ʲһҪɱĪ嶯
û
ҶЦ¶װƣΪԸоԼ񹦲ûͻƣûͻ񹦵㣻ǣΪȴҲе
ô£ԼҲûи
ڵǰ̶̵ļʱ䣬ǿҵΣʹ֮£ҶЦֻоԼÿһ缡ѡ
ÿһÿһëףѣʱ޵صƴ֮
·ϵʱҶЦܹоԼΧһ쫷ķۡ
ХŹ
ѵ˵쳾Ȼôգɣ
ҶЦܿͷжϣΪˣֲֻԼˡ
ҶֵڼȻǱг谮ĵһţɷ֮Щʵ˵
̸һδ󣬲ֵͬУ˵ʣһˣϽ飬ԷƱˡҶЦһҺǫĺǫ飬ȴʵȴݲҲװƵĿ
ɷ̲֮סƲƲ졣
̸һ˵ʶ㣬ɶ̸ϵģ񲻾ǵһ⻹ԷƱǰìܣҲٵһ㣡
úɷ֮עصȴҶЦ˵ֵܵʱ򣬿˵˾䡮ֵܡ˵ֵܡ仰һ㺬ȴǱˣҶ˶Ǻġ
ɷ֮ΪԼܹƲôе⣬ĳ˺εĽ飬Ӿͺãŵ飬ɷ֮ǸɲߣҪݽڲٵġ
ǰĺڷ룬Ƿҳˡɷ֮һ˵ҳǣֻ˵ңֻҪȥ棬ȴȫƬУʼάϵһֲֺܿ΢ƽ⣬ֻҪȥǱˣİȫͲõġ
ҳǿ˵ɵǰıߣ޽֮׻ĵط֮һһСһ£޽̸Уǿ⼸оС
ҳǣ֮һ
ɷ֮ٺһЦĳУֻҪǮͿڷҳҪжõģ벻ģ򵽡
ҶЦԶʱϲطұһǺ˰ɣǲǮˣ
ɷ֮ͷˡ
ĵ㶼콫ҳƲˣٲľͶסˡʱɽˮٲҳˣº׷ǺҲԼҪģģһ·ҵĺҵҵ˯ҵģ֮ôҲˣʱ˭Ǻ͵͵ȥʱǺɾͳҵģֻҪǴȡߵģôҲҵĲǣ
ɷ֮һڴԼС㣬һҶЦҳֵطʵҲɰ˴̾ĵط˳֮йȻȫʵΣԴ棬Ҫ͵
˴ҶЦĵɴ۾ж󣿸巽Σ
ȿȿȡɷ֮ûǺ
˴ҶҲֻһʳжĻˡ
˴巽ûȣ߸Ͳͬһĺòãܱô⻰ɷ֮ûֱ˵ѵ˵ܲе㳣ʶ巽˺òã
޽˴Ȼ޷巽һĶᲢۣѰУѾǸ߲ʵĳ˴֮һ蹫ִƵаˡɷ֮졣
аˣҶЦҲɵ죬૵쵰ΪһӴ֯ȡ־ȻҲȡôаȴаţģìܣɼʵһ㣡
쵰
ɷ֮ȳһĺߣ漴ðһϸϸ亹
ȴǰ£Ҳѡ
ҿû֡
һаӻ쵰ˣǰڮΪ˵ĴڡλҶӵݣ͵ˣҶϼϵݣѾȫȷˣٲκɡ
ֻҶӺʵȻаˣôûзƸ¥
ɷ֮ζȻһ¶⾪ı飬ʵ˼ֵ˵УƸ¥Ȼոսʱ䣬һжֶθɾ䣬иƣǰ󲻹ʱ䣬ѾΪ޽ǰ˵˵á
ҶЦ˼ĵͷ֮ڣ֮Уհ׵ô˵ҲӦ̫ĬĬţֻǰҲǲˣ˵òƻЩǲڿѹƸ¥
ɷ֮ӿľˡ
޽Ȼ֪Ƹ¥أŮ˳ƣȴ֪Ů˱Ļ֡
ǰλҶӾȻһھֱӵʹߵϡ
ף
ף
붫۵ϣɷ֮ıϵʱ亹
ǰıò̫Ϻ߼˰ɣ
λҶ֮ǰı֣Ƕ쳾һ֪ش˼ȴ˾׼˵ܲµΪѹƣƸ¥šֻ޽ǰλá
ֻõõá
۲ŴԵۺܣǧľӪܹ޽ڶ֮еǰһϺţѾǾ޴ĳɹ
ǷƸ¥ֻʱȥǰλãȻ۵ʱ˵ֻǰ
ǡ
û˵ˡ
ˣ޽һİɣҶЦʵʲô֣
ɷ֮ʱһӵ亹
޽һ󡣡ɷֲ֪֮
һ뵽ҶЦ赭дص֣ܲһͷ亹
Σ۵ϡ
νġ桱δĹ棬һй棬ġ桱ɣ
Ŷҵġ
ҶЦһĺɷ֮˼ʾֻһָоô޽ô껹ûĲ
Щĺ̨ǳİ
ڶӦ޽ʷƾãۺһҲֻİɣûԿµĹٷǵطǲ
ҶЦ͵͵˵
ɷ֮ڶǰոսԪСϺףӣֱѾЩˣ
ǵģһ㶼û
˵ģһ㶼ûд
治Ҷҵĵһţ
ȻǾžޣԴֱʹҪ
˲һЩ֪ʶ֮⣬ƣ٣޽һֻ˼仰ܹȾ׼Ʋ⣬̾Ϊֹ
ɷ֮ţԼģ޽˴δģһˣ
׶ţǰλĵĲţ
ҶЦһ֮ȴ£ǰߡ
ɷ֮ȴ֪ҶЦ׳а֮ҾԵϸԼܱ˽⣬аȻǰ֮һ׹ӵķƸ¥ȻʤһǸҪǵ顣
ֻʱаڰ׹ӵ̬ȾȫԿó
ڷƸ¥ǰϢȴǺɷ֮Լ˵ġ
棬ȴǵаѰ׹ջعĸԴڣǴٳҶЦ׹ƽͽʱֵĳ˵ҶЦĹˣʵ϶ڰ׹а֮ϣλλѲ²⡣
֮ǰ¶֮УΨڶǸطԲ¶һ㣬һȴҲ̫ѣϾƲȶһη߰׷ĵΪΰ֮ĵ֣Ҳ֮УȻҲطʵ൱ǿĸڣ
ɷ֮㶵ҶЦıӰ
է֮ʵƺЩȴƺ̲޾
ͻȻ֮䣬ɷ֮Ҳ֪ô£ԺͻȻðһ뷨Ҷӣ᲻δġ޽һɳ
Ӧ˵᲻ΪλҶӵĵ޽ĸַ仯
һ·˼С鷳ɷ֮ϾҲԪ֣־ͼ̽ˡ
ÿһɷ֮һȵĳȥЩǿ˸ϵüɹѪ죻ҶֻǱ֣һ߿š
һ
ɷ֮ԽԽǸоôԽԽǱˣ
ɷ֮ҲȥǡЩ˽ҶЦɱˣôҶ֪ˣҪԼ鷳ġһȵء
ҶǨŭĻѾ㹻ԼĲ
ҶңϺʵǲѽ
ǡǡɷ֮ţǽԼҲҶأ
˼һȻͬҰԭؾȻ޷ơ
Խٽҳǣ·ϵˣеķߣָޡҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼ
Ҷֵúܼžܰ֡
ҳʥ߶˸򣬶ҾԲֹһλ
ҳǵЩά֣û˸ΥЩλڽ֮˵Ը
ΪһֿɼҸ
ҶЦڼ˴˵еķҳǡ
ֻǰƻƣĿѤãһǣ֮ͬУΡȻ
ֻǵţʮɸߣɿ
ҳǳǽÿһʯͷĿⶼɿɸߵξʯɡ
ڳ࣬ʮĿ޴ʯ͹ÿһʯͷϣǵһ֡
ҳֹҡ
쳾κ쳾
ҶЦէȻʮĸֵ˲䣬͵һ궼ƺ֮˽ȥ
ʮĸ֣Ȼ·ĳΧڵһۿ˲䣬鲻Խıƣнһһ㡣


16 
ҶЦȻվס
ֻоԼ˼һĿռƯϡԿһ˰̽ݺȥǿУϤ·ʬƽһ֮С
ˣ֮̽ˣȴעƬ¡
ҶЦظоʱеǷ޵мį
Ȼ䣬ƺһХкȻ
񳯹쳾
ǷݺȣµİԾƣҶЦȻڻþУҲ𶯲ѡֻоӣһܵһ㣬ϵ£ΨҶ
ϡ֮䣬·𿴵˿էһӰһ˫׵ڱ󻺻ֻһӰ֣ȴ·ڱա
·İһХۣ
ͻȻ˴һޱѤõ⣬էֵӰ
ɲǼ䣬ҶЦֻоǰһƬףʲôˡ
ΨһӡǾǰ˳һ޻صİ罣ƣ糤գҫš
ǰǻ㱡
ˣҶЦ֪˹
һ˲źȻԼԾվڷҳǰ
ղеһУȻԼվţͻȻ˯ˣһһ㡣
ǽϣʮĸֹȻԾ˲һƣȴҲû˸ղǰþĹ
ҶЦɵ̾Ϣһ૵԰
˼ȴ˻þУǾ춯һ޻صİһȴ˵ˡ԰֡
ֻһʱ䣬ȴ벻ﲻԡ
벻ﲻԾһ£ҶЦȴظоþǰƬԼʲôӦ˵ʲôľȻһ޴
֮ڵȻҲĽһ㡣
ҶЦͷϣ漴ʧӰӣӰ١
ԪƷȻôϢͻƣ
ҶЦʵȫĲ˼飬̲ססˡ
﷢һ㶣ͻˣ
بòƴδ˵ֵ鰡
֮áòơ֣ȴڳһʵⲻҶЦټ֣ûеʶĴֶΡţ⻰ҲԣҶЦǻԵBOYտһī೬ʩչֶΣȻΪĳ̫ǳ뱦ɽһ⣬ֻǿһһ΢΢ƤëΪޣʵȴǲԶأ
ڵǰоᣬһþеʵǿȴԶԶīȶܵĽ׶ΣһҲĳ˵ʵ൱Ľþ˵ʵȻȻԶȴܸĸ򼸷֣ضĸо
һ仰ʵԶǿȨı֤
ĺɷ֮˿ֱӾͱһɵ˵Ѽһ㣬վţĿעҶЦıӰ
һ̣ȻҶЦϣһɫӰ
ô¡
ô쳾
ۼ֤һĻ״סˡ
ǽȥɡһعҶЦԾЩ겻˵
һ仰˵ȴûõʲôӦתͷһֻɷֱ֮ضԼ
ôˣҶЦʵ
ҶЦɷ֮ҳǵˣ֮ΪտʮĸʲộҲ֮Σȴû뵽ɷ֮ķӦԼ
ҳǡɷ֮ͣͬһ˵꣬һ޵иҶ쳾
ʮĸ֣Ҷ˵д
Ҷ쳾
ҶЦէȻ֣Ȼܹȷ֮ǰԼδ˵֣ȴһӴסˡ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦ૵ظһ£૵Ҷ
ɷ֮ɲֲ˼ֿ־۽ҶЦľκˣ֡
Ȼǲ֪׷ʲô¡
ֻ֪ҶЦߵ̧ͷʮĸ֣ȻͼʱסˣƺһȻǲΪģҶ쳾дʮĸ֮ʱؽפʮ֮УΪԼ츳ˡʶ߶֪ܶ˼ȴҶЦڻһʱ֮һΪԴԪһƷͻƵ˶Ʒ磡
ⲻһ񻰣
˲һΪһԪΪ
⡭ô£
ڲ֮ǰɷ֮̽ҶЦıΪҶЦʵ裬޿ںɷ֮Ĵ֮̽ΪҶЦԭľֻԪһ㣬ȴԪ㣡
һ뵽ǰķҳǾҶҶ쳾д֣һ뵽ҶЦҶҹӡݣһ뵽ͻȻķͻȻͻơ
ղǻ̻̺µİӰ
ɷ֮ΨһĸоԼƺڴ˼֤һ漣
ƺȷģԼ֤һ漣
ȻԾɲ֪漣ʲôʲô壬˵ʲôӰ죻ɷ֮ޱȿ϶µȷԡ
ҶЦͻȻͳȣͺڿͷĹ屦
һ뷨λҶӣԼֵɽҲԼһĻҲ˵
ţ˵ǿ϶


17 ģ桢Ҷ
ҶЦ˼Щ³沨߽ҳǣԵЩ겻ᡣ
˿ԺƵȫǸˣǿأ񣬲һ
ԼǾ޾һ
ֻǲ֪һ춯صս˭Ӯˣ
Ȼ֪˭˭ӮҶЦԾܹµһսӦǸˡ
֪ԭɡ
ȴڣҶЦ֪ԼӦ֪ȴôҲ˵벻
һֵ顣
֪ԭ򣬵Ұԭˡ
֪ȻȻô£
ɷ֮󣬳ϻ̳Ͽֵذֱײˣڣǹػ΢伫
̬ȣǱղŵ𾴣ԶԶسʮǧ
㲻˵ĤݣҲѾЩԼˡū͵ζˡ
ڲ֪֮УҶЦûжʲôֽţɷ֮Ǳ߾ѾԶԾؽԼϵؽ񣻴ӡƶǿߣСϡǴߣСߡٵҿƽ۽ҸӡˡҪС۲졯ٵˡұˣڸӡնλǡҵˣһĻԵ
һԼԼƶȥ
ϧ˼ҶЦԺɷ֮ı仯
˼ͣڸղŵĻþ֮С
ƺڤڤдĳĸо
ǸˣƺԼĳֹϵ
ֻϵ˵һʱ
ӽҳʼɷ̬֮ȵʱʵ˺ܶ࣬Ǻܵ͵˵ҶЦһ·޻ҵһҿջʽפԼ֮еʱ򣬺ɷ֮ڳһ
ôˣҶЦʵ
ĸʵ̫ˡĸ̫ˡɷ֮˲ͷ߳Ⱥ
ŶԭˡҶЦʱһ׷ȸ飬Ϸʵؿźɷ֮˼Ϊǿȸ鷳
ɷ֮ٺٸЦͷƤƣαװʵǷʤ
ҶЦͷһֽѵĿ˵˵ԼܵҲΪɶҪȥץ˼ҿȸһеģʲôȸһͷҲа
ɷ֮ϴ졣
һͷܣ
ұþͬһ㣬һɷ֮ţҪһͷܣ񲻾ͳˡ˫ܣ
һǸ棬ɷ֮оԼˡ
ϻҪű˵˵öԡ
һ˲ı˴̬ȣн˵ĵλʽȷ
׵׵һת
ҶЦռ˾Ե
ҶЦȷϣߺɷ֮˵ԼλҶӲʲôҶҵˣžžžžڳ֤ݣ֤˵ȷԣɷ֮ԾɻὫ˴ͷѪƿڴ
ϺڣΪʲôˮ׼ҶЦʵ
仰ƺ֮ǰҶЦҲǲ˵ġ
˹ü۸ߵͣ׸˶λֻҪ漰ԭ⣬ʱװ治ʲô£ʱ˿̣˴λ÷תҶЦ֪ԼתռϷʱѾȫˣǲãǿɾıˣ
ĿǰԪƷߡɷ֮¶һҺԺı飬ǫѷ޽ɢ޷ưϣǧİٰʮ
ǧİٰʮɢ޷ư񡭡ҶЦĿĿɿڴעأԻմմϲ۵ĺɷ֮Щˡ
̶ȡҲֵôһƨı飿
ô˼ôǼ˼
Ҫǵֻ飬ֻʵݵĻһΪѾǰʮĳء
ðɣţҶЦ̾˿
ӻ֪޽ʿƣָڶܹ࣬ɢްǰһģҲԪпܣҵϻ߲㣬»صġɷ֮ҶЦ飬ҲϽβ²ҶЦʲôĽ͵
ţ˽ˡɢ޸ְ񵥳Ϊư񣬹ٷǷֱӽйٰأҶЦʵ
ٷϿɵذͺ쳾񡣡ɷ֮˵ܹŰ񵥵ߣ˲ã
˵СĶҶЦǺ쳾񵥣ǡʮǰҶһϿɵİ񵥡ԭֻذѡ
˵Ҷֵʱ򣬺ɷ֮طһƽҪ߳ҪҸźĳ嶯о
ԼڿڸҶĵմһ𰡣
Ҷһʮ֮ϵֳ徵ʱֻ̾ҰңǺεȵҫʷᣬҫ
Ŷҵġ
ҶЦͷ˼ˡ
ɷ֮ʱֶһɱϿɣӯĸо
֪ҶЦνġ˵˵ϸҶ֮ûϵ
ҶЦȴ룺Ҷ쳾Ҷѵ˾ǸνҶҵ棿
ǣҶ쳾Ǹʲôأ
һ㣬еʶĺ쳾߾ûв֪ɷ֮ͺ֪ҪǣҶЦȴǲ֪ġ
ҶЦ֪ɷ֪֮Լ֪ȴҪ֪⣬ȴûѯʣΪҶЦڳ˼ҡҶҡϵĿӣ˵߽ʲôʲôСף޿ɺǣΪҶҺþȻ֪ԼڵĻԻ£ɾ˵ȥ˰ɣ
ҶҶ쳾ȴֺܹؼҪ֪Ҫ˽⣬ѯʺɷ֮ѡʹȻ񼣬Ĩǵתʣȴǲݺɷ֮ɵġ
ҶЦһ૵ƹʣҶ£Լ壬ǻĪɲꡭǺǣֻ峤˵һ㡭δʼջҪȥƴϱǳ֮ơ
ɷ֮ͷҶĻԻͣȻҪҶҺ˳м̵ģԻԻ͡
ҶЦһһҶ쳾ȻҶȣҶ
ҶЦЦЦϧСܶЩҵƹʣ֪٣¹ǡ˵˵ȥֻεһ̾
Ȼ˿ȴʤٺɷ֮ѾᣬɹԲȫˣ
ӦõģϾǣʵ̫󣬿˵Ǳᣬ쳾쳬֮һ򣬶˼ǧƽϢ
ɷ֮һ׷Ƭֵ̺ﳤ˵£Ҷ˵Ǻ£ʱ֪öˣδغܰȫ
ҶЦһ˯ʱͷɷ֮ʵ̫ˣ̫֪ˡ
Ϻ֪һЩƽĸ˵һ˵ҡҲ˽һҶҶЦֳһԵӣЩڽһ̳˵ѡΡǺǣ㶮á
ɷ֮ͷˡ
á
һ̳ˣ
ʲô
ҶҼ

Ӷô˵ˣҸҲЧҵĵһǴ֮ϺҶЦӵĴ֮ˣֻһţ֮ǰҵȫֵˣ
ҶЦɷ֮һ󷭰ۣһϺˣôӣ
ΪӴͷ˵𡣡ɷ֮ڵҶЦ棬Щˡ
ҶЦĵͷ
˶̬תʲô˼
гƺΪӡ
̬ȣǾֹǫ̶ѾЩֺõζ
֮ڿʼ˫׵Ľγ֮Ĵϵ
ҶЦΪɷ֮Ϊӡ
һҶЦʾԼ֪ûԼ쳾ĵһǾȻôɹƭģԼûԼλģ
ڶ˺ɷ֮Ȼû뵽ɾԼ˺ϻԻ͵ģȻΪһƭ֣Լô׵رƭȴƭһδ
ԼôԼԼУ
Ҷ쳾ҶνǺ쳾ʮ档
ҶĴ洫˵ʹۼǱȲϵġ
֮˵ҶȱҪ棬ʵľ˵̫棬ֱЩС˵Ҫù½룬˼ഫҶǹ¶׹¿ꣻɽժӳ伢СˤȴˤһͷڷĸϣĸûгСһ𳤴Ҷ֮ʱһֱߵĵͬĻƽʥʵСһһͬѵС
ҶЦʵһͷ亹
ҿ⻹ǻС˵ֹǺãֱ˺òã
ժӲСĵӵĸϣǲ̫СˣѲһֵң˵ǻС˵ôд˰ɣ
ĪΪҶ飬ʹһ˳ʮеʱΪǳʱ׷ɱˤߺñɣȴڱ֮ں׳һŹӣǹʵȴˮ֮ӴΪٶ֡һˮ򣬶ƽأˮͨ½һɺȫ͡
ҶЦ̫ˣ̫С˵ˣµ飬׵ˮӳ֣ǲǸŮƱˣҪôƱ
ҶʮʱһŮһۣ˴ģȻŮȴǳȻͬŮСӵҶϣ
Ҷܷͼǿһ·Ϯϣʮ꣬ѵǷ쳾¹󣻷Ǽ֮£λһǧɣҪŰͽҶάλȴѲ⡣
ҶЦһ
ҿôһĵĹ£ֻ˵һܹѪܹѪĻ൱ĲÿòѾдˣȻˣ治УǾ仰ü
һһ۷Ҷɢ֮иֽսʱ򣬱ư㣬ձڷ£Ǻڷ¸ɣҶʱȻˣ£עʮ˭뵽ںڷ£һߵҶõһöѣ˷˰ҩݣӴӵзһΪҲҲˡ
־ɡ
ҶЦѾȻ˵»Ͳˣֻȫĳ˳ɾͲ棬ǰľѾ֤һ㣬ʹĥôҶһô̬ĺôҲҲˣզ죬Ͻ죡
Ҷ֮·棬޸̾ΪֹҶ֮ʱ޾ͬһӭȢ֮ʢبδУǰϲ֮ˣԭҶҳǱñˡ
ΪԭҶڴ֮һһҹ֮䣬ȡԲɽ֮֮Ԫ裬ҳǡ
ֻʱǣɱǣ
˼壬ֻҪǺ쳾ˣ˭ΪߣλߣֻҪɱǣͲٿɱ䣡ɱ˾ǰҲܶ֡һ뿪˳ǲܽϳͲ
ҶЩɡ
Ҷ˺;һ˳˳˳ˮʵ;壬Ψһγصʱ򣬾˵ɣһһΪ˳ɾˣϧﾫԪҶʥأɾͺ쳾һλ𡣡
ʱҶ쳾λ۱¡
Ҷȴһ״ˣҪĴ֮Уµһ;۴խýһˡ
ʼձһҶսλۣսǰ˵ʤΪսȫʤҪ쳾ҶΪһ
ǰˣ޶Ҷ˺쳾ʮꡣҶʮ겻߽볯Ϊ٣óɡ
ҶµݶעνҪ֪ʱ򣬳Ҷǿ֮⣬Ҷϼ죬֮Ӵѷɫκһأ
Ϊڴˣ߷׷ײ²Ҷȶעֻбʤơ
Ȼϵǣڶ۵ĵһս֮ʱҶˣ
·ΪǸʱҶ֮ѵĻƽʥΪط׼һص֮ʱ߻ħΣڵϦҶΪƽʥϧԼĲΪΪԭ򣬵۵һսʧ
ս֮࣬ҶЦ˵ӮӮ䣬жˣ˰ɡҶٴγ죬֮ʱ
ȻҶسŵҶм˵ӣ˳죬ʮ꣡
ƹʣ쳾ĸ߽߻֪Ҷǲ⣬Ϊ巽ۣ㲻ȲʤȯҲ߰˳ɰյġ£ҲΪ۴ƽڻһ¡
Ϊսǰ֪Ҷ¡ҶĽȻҲἰԣҶȻŵ۴ҲδϹһսԼʤˡ
˵۴һ̾Ϣ˵Ψһҳǰս쳾ʮƣ۵һˡ
ʫݼֱף۲һսսҶ쳾֮գһսҶ쳾ʤˣۻԸϣҶ쳾ǵµĵһߣ
Щƹʣɷ֮渵䡣
ҶЦ
λҶ¼Ӻɷ֮˵ǵһۣ֮ǰԣλҶνǺ쳾һ棡
֮
ʹϧܣȴҲΪֵǣµһ˵ٻ׷룬ȴԾԱȵֵܶҶеķ
ֻΪˣøһף
˵ɷ֮Ͳʲôѧ֮ʿˣܹ֮ǵסǵġЩʫʲôĶ䣬Щ쳾˾֪꣬EһС֡
һС֣Ѿܹ㹻ҶЦĿˡ
һĴˣȻӵôľ
ÿһ£ÿһξһζ벻ľ桭
̾ΪֹԸӣ
¼䣬ȻˡáҶЦи̾
治ҶЦ˸пһֱоԼѾ㹻ˣڲ֪ϾȻܹõز֮ˡ
оǣ˸ԼһҲҶ
ѵ˵ĹذҶ֮ô
ӣҪʲôأɷ֮ʵУһĨСƺڴʲô


18 һһ
ҪġҲô¡ҶЦһ£ǽǮ⣻Щֽ׶ʱڡȫһЩʽ쳾챣ָ£취ǵһҪȫβǾܵĽ󻯡Ҫһ㣬һҪ¶ǵݣһ֪ЩǴȥģȻŻԶ
ɷ֮ͷǡһҪ
ԽԽ̾λҶȻԺ쳾鶼ͬһ׳һ㡣Ӵˣȴܹ֪⾹һıԶǵĺݽɫ
ֻҪղ˵ĽУԱеķճ֡
ȻĳˣҶЦ˼ʱֵóôɫҪɹƵ飬ں½֮ʱĳ˻֮Ҳֶͬλȡʽ𣬶ҵǰзյĻɷ֮ڼҵţ˵ıԶǲ̫ǡ˵ᳵ·ǡ֣
ڶǡҶЦһ£Ѱһ֮أ֮أҪݻһЩãķסլһҪ󡣡
ӣҲð졣ɷֻ֮Ҫ㹻Ǯڷҳôһط¡
šҶЦüͷоǡҵݣʱԵʦݶʾЩδĳɼֻƳصⴴԵҽΡ
ӻǵʦɷ֮Զʱ־һء
ʦǸߵȼĵʦں쳾ǸߴϵְҵǸ߼±ȻһλϵĵʦֻҪܹҽⴴĵҩЩҩļڵϣ̾ܵ׷ں½ǣǣں쳾ǣ
Ժɷ֮ҶЦԳԼǵʦ費ֵʱ򣬾
ҶЦЩ̾˵ҲʦҲʦҳԴ˵УڵΪô֮ͣ˵רһţԶʤڳֻǵʵ̫衭
ɷ֮ɫһ¡
ҶӾȻᲢۣۺ֮ǰԣҽΡ˵˵ĵΪֻ»ֹ֣ǡ
ʲ֪ǵʦƷ裿ɷ֮ʵ
һнٷλ죬ǣǣûйٷʦƷ׿ԣȴ񵤡ҶЦ
񵤣ǵ񵤣ɷ֮ʱ٣͵صԲ۾
쳾Բơеͼλɱȣݹ۹Ž񣬺쳾컹ǳֹ˲Ƽĵʦ
ЩƵʦųɾŶǳǰһ۴ܣΪӣϧ䵤Ƽĵʦ浤񵤣
Ȼն񵤵ɣȻ񵤵֮˲쵤֮ĿһڵʦԴȫһڵʦڿֲĵٺ£ٲһһ٣ʧʮλƼĵң쳾ĵ̶һӵ˲°꣡
𿴵аҶЦжٽǺ޷գ죬ʵߴŸĲ졣
ǵأ쳾Ƕλ棬ڴλϳֵ쵤Ǻλɱȣͺƶ֮ҶЦ쳾һҩҲҪ½һϲθмֵɴ˱ɼһߡ
εʱ״쳾ĵͻأȫףٵ൤ʦҸֲһҶЦȴȾ֪Ȼеٵ̬ȻҪһ㣬ҶЦԵٵʱнļӳ֣Ͻ챦ԶԶں½ޣ½쵤٣κβ˽ķøͱֶܣһ£ֽľͷ嶼쳣˺ǶϺʵĸֶܣЧҶЦʹҪε٣Ҳܺ
ȻҶЦĶԴԵĵ֣޵ϮһȴֲΪ˵
˺ԽƼĵʦֱëǣֻ˶ѣȴǾʾ޵ĳ
ô˵һܹƷ񵤵ĵʦȺ쳾۶Ҫϡ٣
òƾں쳾ųƵһ˵ĵʥܹһ¯񵤣ѾǼ֮ܿɹ顣
ԼǰȻôһλ棡
ҶҵˣȻ
ɷ֮롣
ӣ˵ǵƼҵϢܴȥһȥȻк棬ƵĵƼ鵤ʱҪɷ֮ŵҿ˿ѹ
ҶЦζĿǵȻ¶˵ȴ޷ŵù㡣
лӣɷ֮ҶЦһ䡰ŵù㡱жòӯҧҧͻȻڵأκĳĳԾΪǹ⣬ĳԸ湫ӣӴ˰ǰΪЧȮ֮ͣ
ҶЦͷ̹Ȼ˶Էһ˵ȻϺдģôҲͲԺ󣬾쳾죬ͼıһҵɡ
ͼıһݴҵɡ
仰˵赭дɷ֮ȴҶЦƽĿУְгζ
ƺֻҪҷϣûʲôɵģ
Ƿݳţ
һ̣ʹǺɷ֮Ͻһ鼤ĸо
һ֡Ʈ㽭꣬ء̤ʵС
Ǻɷֽ֮ɢ޴׷һָо
ԵʦݵУǴȿںţĿĲΪβˡҶЦۺĿźɷ֮ǡˡ
ˣɷ֮ҶЦ˵⣬ȴɲ˷ܡ
ˣˣЩΪˣ߻жӵˣӵи߽ΪˡҶЦЦЦЩˣϴ඼жԹõ棬һ
ȫԽƶ֮£Ϊã춨ҷʯһ
ҶЦ˵ţΨһǰᣬĶԸвȡǳգ뱾㲻ҷǾû˼ˡҷݴڣȱģҳ϶ΪһϾΪЩо֮أĲȴԵڵģ
ǱȻɷ֮۾ķ
Ȼû뵽ҶЦȽϳɳأȫȻһ˵ļôϲ
Уӵ˵
ЩɣԸΪЧͬʱʵǿˣҲԵ
ҶЦȻҲġԷø˵ΪǳһΣǻԼܲκãȴκһԩҶͷ
ӹɵġ\ɷ֮ͷǡ
оǡǿƣЩֻеȴû鵤ҩֻҪѼȫˣԽ֮͹ǰæơȻҪȡ൱ӶӵƷס׳̶ȶ
ҶЦҲǵһ֮ǰ˵ϣϾûκεʦܹ֤ȻһξͳɹģʦϾɡ
ǣȻģ\ɷ֮ͷɣҲ϶ϲܱ֤˲Ͼܳģ˳ɵ֮⣬һĥϵĻ̵ġ
ǺǡҶЦ΢΢һЦ
ȴһݣǱ߿ֻҪвϣܳġһƷߣ֣ƴ˵дܹƵĶ񵤣ʶﵽʮһ֮
ô˵ǡɻ
⸹̵֪ĸߴ˰ɣƽǵ͵ɽ¶ˮֻǣʲôܸȣûпɱԺòá
Ӹ߼⼸֣Ʊܹں̵ܶʱۼ֡
\ɷ֮Щ⽫ǹδǧҵĻʯڡ
ҶЦؿϺڣܺãҵ˼

\ɷ֮һֱҶЦ֮еļԾûƽ
ҶЦ֮󼸾仰ʴ𣬾ĺĳӣԲϵڶ߻졣
Ҫ󣿡
һһ
ʹӵ룿
һһ
һʼ֮ǵơǵĸߵǵĳͱؽΪʸ֮ģ֪Ӷһ㣬û׼
һһ
⡣
ҶЦȫͬһ𰸡
һһ
\ɷ֮ȴΪէȫͬĴ𰸣Ī
һһ̺֮Ұ֮󣬼ֱģ
еʵ̬ݣ
߳һ֮Ҳſһ
ֻпʼˣҲܾ
ҽôҾø󣬵ʱȥ룬ֻý졣
ԣҵն󣬾ڽ졣
ҽȵݺ޽ݺ޽Ϳʶ¡
ҵû룬ֻʵʣʵ
߳һߺһһһ
û롣
Ȼû룬Ҳûνľͷ
ڳΪʸ֮ʲôӦԵĺ˼Ҳһһ
ҪҪҵЩôԸҡ
ҲҪЩҰ˶Ǹʲô̬ȡ
һҪĻΧ棬ǵĴջΡ
ȻپôôӦԡ
ⶨνĶԲߣ̸ֻֽտڰ׻ȫԣ

\ɷ֮ϽȻŵзȣȶ˼·
Ϳʼֽˡ
\ɷ֮жԼ˵
˿Ѿҹʱ֡
ʱ賿

ҶЦڴͻȻ֮磬ƺ˳ӿ˼Ľк
ҶЦ²죬򿪴ӣѭ¿ȥ
ֻŸո͵Ĵϣ˼ʾȻѾɽ˺
˶һ˷ܡ
﹫ˡ
﹫ӵˡü


19 
һȺڵȴһλ﹫ӵĵ
ƺλ﹫ҳǣܹٽԷһۣһôҫһ㡣
˿̣ȻӷҳǵĳŷԶԶƮһĻ㡣
漴ҶЦԶԶؿһѰ˴Զ߽ͷǶʮĸ꣬Ⱥ˾Ű´멣ʺĽ룬ıֱǹһ㣬϶Ŀޱ飬ÿ˶Ӣʲ
ǶʮλͬŰµŮľȶˣҡҷޣһ·ʮĶ軨ڷȻţʤա
ӰŮ߹֮·ϼ˻ꡣ
ʺõ廨꣬ڵһ㡣
ԭɾؽĽֵ˼ֱӱ˺̺
ҷ˵ζԶԶƮ˳ȥƮʮ
õڶӶʮŮ߹߽
ţֻλм߽֮ܵˣǰ󣬾£īŲ㳾Ȼ֮ʣȴܸһȵƯУ
ɵΥ͸зӳ˵˵ĴڸУ
мλ֮ˣһĿǣֱͦԳ۷±쳣Эʵ˼İꡣ
ʡϲŭһȻǰС
Уûĸ˵Ĵڡ
ֻһˣͷ·ͬӣ˷ڻ֮Уڱ鲼ʻ·м䣬ûаΥͣÿһڵĻϣһһУôȻȻӦ
ĺڷڳƮƺǳһôһ߽
ԼʮɴʮŮĶΣβ
úȺէȻһڡ
﹫ӣ
﹫ӣ
﹫ˣ
ģڼ﹫ӡҸˡ
﹫ӣҪڷҳҲһˣ
ҵĸ
֮
ڴ
ҲˣԲˣΣҾţ﹫ߵҾ͸Ҫһɡ
Ҳǡ
֧һɫѩ׵Ķ黺ǰУ·ߵȫȻţӶ
ƺһѾ˾ռߡϰΪ
ֻǣǾʲôطͻֹûа߹֮˽¿ʼظȻ
﹫ӡҶЦ״ü
λν﹫߹ҶЦסջʱҶЦڵԿλ﹫ӵò
ᣬӢƽ䡣
һϲĿݣŮ
ҶЦȴʱüͷ
ΪоԼϲ﹫ӡ
һûɵĲϲ
˵ֱĲϲ
ָоҶЦԺϡϻֺɽ纣İ׹ӣƱʵĪаҶЦҲΪ֪Ϊеĸпϧĸдȴо
Ǵ˼ʣԼǵһ棬ؾͻȷУ
һִĶ񵽼ľԷУ
֮һ仰ڿһ˲䣬ʱ͸оһһɭķΧȻǸоͺһߣͻȻԼŻɣʱΣٵƸоõ˼㡣
﹫ӡҶЦ˺ߣ૵Ȼ
ôҡС
﹫ˡ
磬ҳлÿ˶֪һϢ
﹫һǰҳǣĿҪѰһֽѾҳ͡
ͽߴһǧҡ
ֻϢǣˡ
﹫ӵ۶ϡ﹫ȻҪһֻԼ
ܹ﹫ҪĽȴࡣ
оٳľִ˵е¡
һǧңӹһʼӴĲƸνĸʹۻĲƸҼҲδһǧҡ
λ﹫ֱӹҳһӴĲƸȴֻΪҵһĽ䣡
ذϢ֮ڣҳ˲֪˲
˵﹫ӵ£Ѿʼϵҳеĸ䱦ãС̾Э
ҶЦϢ֮󣬲ԥһ£
֣Ǭëͭ
﹫г£ÿһǴ˵еֽΪϡ
磬̽Ϣ\ɷ֮ˡ
ӣӵ⵽ͣ˵һѵ׬Ǯᡣ\ɷ֮˵
Ϻڣλ﹫ӵǸʲôˣΪΣҶЦʵ
\ɷ֮ʱβŵ﹫Ǻ쳾ɴңôһңͣ쳾һ
﹫ӵıֻ֪Ҳģûκ֪ıΪΡı£ȷʵǶ죬ں쳾˵ǵڶôû˸ϵһ
ֹڴˣ﹫ӵ߶У˵У﹫ȫ֮ˣӦǬۼͻԼĵǰƿ
Ϊڴˣ﹫ӣɾ˺쳾칫ϵһմʦ٣֮޲ӭν˼˰أֻϧĳֻڸʳǡһξȻλýΪƫԶ޽ҳǣҲһ׮
\ɷ֮˵ü˵ֻǡ﹫ӵôȻأ˭ĵ﹫ӵ飿±ӵӵΧɱô
ҶЦרעźɷ֮Ľÿɷ
ɷ֮ΪҶЦΣҲԼ˵һЩӦ
Ͼ﹫Ⱦʾž޵Ѿﵽ˳Щ۷ǿ֮κ˶ܺӵĵز
ں쳾죬ܹ۷ǿ߲мˣ
µģֻܹһǬջ
ҶЦԳƬ̣ܵȻĹ˱죬ҸеֵģȴĳʽƺЩ
ҡҡͷЩ̫ˣҲδ̫ݻ˰ɡ
ɷ֮ԵʱȻ﹫ӵĳųһķ֮ˣֻҪÿһЩʲô߳סһʱĳУȻʻ·ƺƴ˵﹫ӹһģһЩͷΪ桭
ҶЦ˼ҡҡͷ¾Ʋô򵥡ѰĹȻΪǮΪƣ﹫ʳȱܿһǧҵĽɫȴ϶ΪĳЩ׷󣡻ǰ˵Ǵϧһ㡭
漴Цҡͷˣ˵׸Ҳûٹϵ̸°ɣڣоǵĶһΪף
ڷҳǣ֯ÿڣҵǾãһĹڶֵܻᣬķƸ¥ԵõǵίС
ɷ֮ѡ
ңǲ뱩¶ݵĻϸܣһ㣬ֻҪǶ·Ƶľ£˶Բó档
ɷ֮ĻҶЦ˼תƬϡ
Ļͽֵܻɡ
ɷ֮һ¡
ҶЦڰ֣¶
áɷֻ֮ǲ֪ӴʲôֱȫһӦô
﹫ҪĶǳëͭͽ־ͺá̫ȫ𲻺õĲ²⡣
ҶЦüͷ˵׳ȥǺԼһ顣
ɷ֮ϵļⶼʶس鴤
𣿻
ģλҶﵽжٺö
Ī֮࣬ʧǴͻδ̫̫ˡ
Դ˱ߣǱҲִָͷһӦ£˳ʱ֮Ӵֻ֮Ҫ˴˴ɹһĸо·ܹۼһ㣬ǹΪ
ֻҪܹýӴȻԸӴ£˵޼֮بź
ڻһֿ챦ġٷֳ߽һɻߣ̲صĻ֮ʱͻᱻ֮壬Խ˲ϸܣɿٵĻظƣ״̬
˵սܹٻָʲô
ǼֱǲԶ塣
ȻĻ֮ޣƵĵظһʵ൱֮սԣӵлƳɵߣͬʤȯգңʹ֮ĴֻҪ߷֮أѸٻַָɡ
ֹֻûãܴܲﵽĿģҪЧҶЦ΢Цǲһĺ䶯ܿٵľ£֣
ȿȣ˵ǡɷ֮졣
Լովλӣ˾µʶ
һ֣ù
ȽЩƷ׳ȥƱ޽һ쫷磬ϲǿ߳˻ӵ֮⡣һս
սȻڻߣȴǴ¿ġ
繫ӱг뻯ⴴڻ¡
ô˵Ϻˡɷ֮Ƶ˵﹫ָֽΪξֻó֣ȫóǿԽ֮󻯣
ֽȻϺֽнΪҪģȴǬ
ƫƫͽһ²衣
ҶЦЦЦζ˵һȫóܽ󻯣Ψб֤Էһֱҷƿأʺϵʱ׳󻯡⣬߻Եƣһ֮
ɷ֮ҶЦ뷨Щȴûмȥ
ΪһϽô汦һȥҲίʵ̫Щ
ؼǣԲ˵
Ժ÷ЧܵʱȻᷢЧܣԼ֪Ҫ
ϺڣЩֿԽ׵ǮҶЦʵ
Щ¡׳ȥߵֶ׵Ļɷ֮Ĺһ£صĹƣҳǵҲŽȥǰʮ
ļҵʱ㹻ˡҶЦͷο
ʵǻóһ㣬һŵһҲ¡ɷ֮ԴΪ⡣֮ǰԼǺ֮¿νѻɽش˼ʾֻóôһ㣿
İоȫͶŵȥˣض֪һʣôһӪԾȻ
ҶЦҪǶóϡﻹϡô˵ˣνͻأϲִ֮жʽҪһǮ׬ǮʱԺǧʲô󻯣Ĵڣν󻯣㰡治ϣ
ɷ֮졣
ӵ˵ȻбԼֹϣֱӾͲµӣֻĺڣԼȫ
Ϻ
ٳǰ
ɷ֮էȻͷӣǵ֯׼иʲôأиֺŷƺ
ֺ֯ţֱӳֳеĸִС
ɷ֮òͻأһʣʵһǹע
󡣡ҶЦƵ˵ڶƺѾгв鱦뺮ԼͷǺԵģ
ɷ֮Եʱһһ亹ĳȥˡ
ۼҹеĸֹǲСֱ̫ˡҰòҲ̫Щڣɷ֮ŵˡ
һھҪ
⡭
ͺɷ֮ĶԣȻԼЧλӣǧҪһЩǧҪСˡԼպҲܲһõǰ̡
ȴû뵽ôߴϵһֺţ
һڣֱӾͽԼľսľ
⡭ͷҲ̫һɡ


20 廹ǻ᣿
ҶЦԾڿջϢ˳㷭ɷ֮ûһ鱾
˵鱾ʵǼݽܣԼְ񵥡

ذ
쳾
ɢ޷ư
ҩ


˰
Ӱ
˰
׷ɱ
Ͱ

ָ֮ʽİ񵥣жʮ֮ࡣ
޽еӪܹģȫðչʾ
޽ƬȺܵؽ磬ûйٷҲû²ҪԼҫֱӵķʽǴذʾ
ö֮޽İȵʹϽϽҲǱϵġ
Ǻɷ֮Щ񵥵Ľ
ذưʵİ񵥣ҶЦ⣬ȱȱݲݷı㼴ԹΪ
ҽ٣ʱ֮ҲȥǵʵǸ߶˵ɡ
ҶЦȤģҩ񣬵񣬶Щƫŵİ񵥡
Щãдá
ɢ޷ư񣬾Ǻɷ֮ԿԼǧİٰʮǸ񵥡
ҶЦֻ˵һҳ漴ͺˡ
ɢ޷ưһҳֻһˣһʵˣ΢΢ţңԶߣһǹͬǱԨâԡ
ǹٱӰѷǧ֮ʤ֣ҫ⡣ɢ޷ưףǹĪʣ
λǹϸܣƽսԸص㡢Ƣòص㣬ʵΪȵȣĩһ䣺Īǧ򻯣ǧòԴͼ׼
һҳҲôȥˡ
ҶЦ²ЦЦ֮Щ˵ĽܴҲˡ
ʲô⡭
漴ִҩ
ҩҪİ񵥺صöࣻǧҳһǧŵرļ¼
ҶЦ
֮ǰ򿴵Щνŵرҩоٵݱȷʵ֮ȫ߱ɱԡ
һһζҩͼĽܽ
һͨڵĻ䣬ȴֳȻɫڤ߲ʺ
仨Ȼͽ
ҩʮţڤ߲ʵ˿磬һ֦Ҷǧ껨ɣҩУвʵɾ߲ģ껨ţΪڤһҹƮȥɢС
ڤ߲ʵ֮Ʒ޷Ϊֲ޷ֲǧͻ꿪һҹ˲ժԶʧ֮䣬Ե߲ɵá
һǧϴĥ£һҹţŵ߲ʵƷŵر֮ǰһӣҲֻһ֮
֮ѵɢ꣬ΪʥƷ˵ҩԪģԪϣʥԪƷ֮ΪߡʥԪƷá
ҶЦۺһ
⻹ֻھʮŵҩͲժѾ˿̡
书ЧȴҲǴþˡ
Ȼк񵤰ҶЦУˣȻɷ֮ȸ߽ߣֻҲҪ֮ͣϾһ֣ӦãԼ棬ͬ죡
ҶЦͻȻ˼һתȻ˼뿪תԱЩ񵥵֯ŨȤ
ҪεȵĲܹϸ¶΢ȷİ񵥳أ
ңҪİ񵥣ǶѧΪҪ־˽⣬Լµ֪Ǳز١
ӵŷּʶߣôỨôʱЩȫô飿
ٶԼ˵Ӧûжôİɣ
Ƿˡ
ѵǴ˵еἺΪ˵ΰ٣
ҶЦƲ侹һΪˣȫ˼ĸߣ
ŬǰԲο
ɻ󲻽ҶЦȻŰҳ·֣ʱһ
Ǳ˵֡
ĸ֣й¶
ܹϵ˵Ҳȷй¶ˡԼеĵƺɱУȻȫļ桭
֮Ҳֲ̫һЩ
й¶һΪ֯϶ûпһˡֻһ˵Ļô˼ʮ꣬һֱŬѧϰоҲ޷ȫͨô಻ͬ𣬲ͬЩѧʶɣ˵˽ô˵ϣΪ̡
ڣֽй¶֯޽ĵһɡ߻ֹ޽ֻʹǷ쳾죬Ҳǰǿ
Щڡ
ҶЦһ
˼תҶЦٿЩ񵥵ʱ򣬸о֮ǰľвͬ
ư񵥵ݣɾţֻΪοѡҪĳˣ;˽̣棬ֻǼ򵥵Ľܡҩ񵤰񶾰֮ݣȫšЩǹ̶Ķֻͱ˾ˡ
ҶЦȫĶҩ֮С
֪ǰһʵԼ̵Ĵû᣻ٹһʱ䣬ԼϤ˺쳾״̬֮ȻȻᷢ仯ַ¶ٸʵ׵ͷﻹܹоýȥˡ
浽ʱ˼΢ת䣬ԼֻҲһֻϼ񵥵ڿռʲôóһһҴ֪ĿϾͺá
ɻ˷ѲҪʱ䣬ս
ҶЦҪ飬ǽЩݣļȫӡԼԺУ֮ԼĶ
һԼǸ׶Σܹÿսǰսжȵأݰ񵥶ԼĽ
ǲԼҪĵ̡
ĵ񵤹Ȼ鵤ʵ̫ҫۣû൱αװֻԼб˽ҴһգϾԼʵԼ๹αװʼ޺
һʱҴҶ
ʱһҶЦֵⷢ֡
ҩϺͶϵһЩϧҩģҶЦӡУҩɽռ澹ȻģƷʱĻҪ߳ࡣ
һ뵽ҶЦͲѰҪȥһ
ԼӡôеԵֻ¾ͺܴˣ
ҩɽƳʵһСļһҶЦƽĪ⣬ļһˡ
ҩɽµʯûҶЦҶЦλûǸįһ񣬷֡
ҶЦ֮УΪλ䣬Ǽǿ޼ɣıԶ·ǿȴǰ׹ӣʹۺϣԾ޷κһ
ңǡ̫ˣȫԵơ
Сں쳾и鱨Щ񵥵֯߿й¶λϵĪ⣡
ʵֺֹһһһһ컨꣬ǸļįһҲҪԽλ伶ĳܣ
ҩɽǳλҩɽĵ̣Լֻ»ԶԶûھ
šǲζţԼԽҩɽ쳾ϧأ
϶ǣһǣ
ҶЦ
ӣѾί˳ȥһ̼ӣԼӷ׷ֵĺɷ֮˳˽
ҶЦüȥᣬؾȥ
ôܡɷ֮ܵ⣺ۿϽȥϺҿǰǰ任˶ʮòƵǧԵ֪
ҶЦЦЦ㵹ǽҾֻ˵һ㣬ԺʱûԱĿҪ֪סǺɷ֮ȴȻһȫİӷ׵ӣȴûƳ֡һ鱻˼һ
ԶԶԡҾǺˡɷ֮ͷ
ȴǲЩ档
ӲǴûдĳС˵ĻȴǱһϽҪϸ¾ϵܣˮ©ǴµϽɡ
ôأϳɣʲôʲôأ
ѾֵܻˣҶЦʵǱ߷ӦΣ
òãĳټǮЩӽȥʱõķӦܴ¿óҶЦҲǾӪеˣ֪ܲ
ֵܻҳеĸ˲ûˣû˷Ǳˡɷ֮ѹһ˷ܣ;ʮ֮ڣҪúõһȡļ۸񡣡
ҶЦüǣǮأ
ɷ֮ȡһöռָеǳɽ۵һɣԷʾԸٴһ룬Ҳǰɣ⣬һиҪһЩԤǮܶ࣬Խȼü֮㹻ġ
ҲУҶЦ˵ۡ
ԼӪʱ򣬿Ƕ϶ϲµģܽƷ󣬾ûۿ۱˵ʲôԤǻĵû뵽оȻԼں½ʱ򣬻Ҫɡ
Ƕһ˿϶ûôɣεĽݲôóĶһӶĺûɫôܲŴ˵ǸͲ·
ɷ֮һЦ˵䲻ģǰͲֱЩ·أӴƸɾûʲôˡ
⵹ҲǣǸ˶ۿۣûһǧңҶЦһЦ鿴һ½ָĿһôࣿǶ٣
ҡ
ɷ֮ԺҲû٣ƶҲֻùȥƷʮ֮һɡ
ǮʱҪȥһºһĵص㣬ֻȷһ¾ͺãҪݾߡҶЦķԸ
ӣ߽߲֪ǮļֵǮĿĵطҲ㹻İɷ֮ɴ۾ʡ
ҿǳ߽ĽСףҶЦɸֵ߲ŸõôǮڷҳͳһ󸻺ôһƬطľֻҪ΢õ˼֪ǾЩ汦ˣ
黹ҪҼ˵ôҶЦŭĻܻùֵõִ£뵽ľǣϻ᲻ỹи챦ûУ뻹ңӴƸֵУ
ɷ֮Եʱһ亹ŵˣֱӱ˰ɷ֮
ҶЦ˵ĻǽԼװ׵ذڵֵǿǰͼǿ£壬Ƶ޲ɼǡϣ
ôɷ֮£ȴĴҵĵүֵܻ˻ôô
ⲻĽ䱸ʵ̫Ĵ⡣ҶЦĿⶨؿϺڣ黹ǽ㲻ӡ¡
ɷ֮Ϻˮ乶¡
ǣӣҼסˣٷƴ󡣡ɷ֮ϻ̳Ͽ֡
һ̣ҶЦĿ⣬Ȼúɷ֮һ඼ڽѹ
һֻλߵơ
ƣúɷ֮ЩͷƤ飬Ȼһηĸо

ҳľƼң¥
ķ
﹫Ծһѩ£Ȼ¶̨ϣңԶˮɫĬĬ
ӣϢһСĵ߽
Ŷ
ָҪֽĿǰѾ䣬ҾڷҳС
ںδУ
ֵܻᡣ

ֵܻ᷽ո֪ͨң˵Ѿȷյ˺ëͭͽ֡ҷᣬͷܴ󡭡
﹫ӵüëһ壬ֻ֣
ֹ֣ǻյǺ𣬺ͻϹϧֽ⹫ӲŸݰٴ˳ǣϧͬʱɼ˹ӣԸ
ֻûô򵥡﹫üͷҲ˵һȻ󲨣Ȼͬʱ֣ѾѰˣѰĻڡǴ𣬻ѾҪǬص̫ࣻǺëͭͽ֣ҲҪǬʤһĻԵΪ޿ܡ
һյȴƫƫûԼֵԵһЩǬ
˵ͨġ
±Щ졣Ҹո˵Ҫ⼸ֽˡ⡭᲻˹ⰲţߡǲһ壿
﹫зĹâȻһ漴Ըȥϸһ¡
ͳȴƽ
ȻĿͻȻһŤ뵣һޣõһеĿȻǡ
һ̣ռٶŤһ˲һлָԭ
ƺղڣѾˡֻǸղȷʵڣȴֻһѾˡ
ǻԵҲãҲգҵкܴ³͡ǡǰδеģµһ﹫૵˵УϣĹʡ
֣޽﹫૵еġ
ֻǣ﹫Ӳû뵽ؼһ㣬ǾЩȫˡ
մģȴҲһˡ
ͭΨ


21 䣡
⼸ҶЦһҹӴ磬쿪ʼȥ䡣ÿһʱÿһ̣ԺбЩ񵥵ݡ
еİ񵥡
ҶЦΪȫõġԣȫҪУμǣ
Ͽգʵ⼸ҶЦŬͺģȴͨˣ쳾ľ֣ġ
ҶЦ˽ԽԽԺУҲȻȻĳһ쳾̬
ƺһСĺ쳾죬ҶЦ˼֮г͡
ʱΪǮˣҶЦЩϧϣҲǸӴسԡ
ӿֱӽ壬ˮӾˮ֮У徭ԪĴسԣҲ塭
񹦣ƺǽһԾڣһ㣬һ˿˿ǰٶȻ֮ǰٶȣȴǿʮϣ
ҶЦܹĸоԼΪ𲽵սڲϵıǿ
Ȼܽκս
ΪԼ֪
磬ûд裬־֮
ҶЦðνķա
ںɷֱ֮æýŲմء⼸ΧټķҳǣѾʮ顣ϵںڶԱȡ
æˮһڡ
ֵģҪԶԶĳı߻̫̫ࡣ

ҳֵܻõϢ൱̶ϣ޽
޽൱һ
ֵܻ˱鲼޽ϢĴǿ֮˼ԶĵطϢ·֮⣬ԷҳΪĵˮǧɽȴѾȫ
Ǻȭͷôһ飡
֣У
ëͭҲУ
ǻУ׼ģ
ǲУҲ׼ģ
ⳡǰᣬڰºڷҳĻ
𣬾ųͺŵը޽ȫ׵رըˡ
ĽˣΪߵģΪ͵ģһЩƷ׸֣ҹ߻۹ɱ
Ǻ֣ëͭ𣡻
Ҫӵô
ϻ
Ƿϻ
֮£˭Ҫӵ
ǴǺǿǿͼӰΪֻڴ˵֮УѾ̫̫ûˣ
ɱİ
ֻҪǵõˣԼıͿԴӴɱΪ߱꣬߱ɳ͵ĳ
ʵ߸Զ׼
߶֪ԼĳıܹԼʵһ𲻶ʼ桭
ǾĻˡ
ʵһԼƿԼ֮·
ʵջ󣬶޽ؽ˵ԿܵĪջ
޷
һ죬Ϣֻûɢֻ̫Ǽڶ죬Ѿһֽ˳ؽ˷ҳǣ죬ҳпջѾ
ٺӿҳǵߣʼȥѰ񣬴ʱˡ
״ԾﲻԽԽࡣ
˶Ƶ̬ȻĶ࣬쳣Լû㹻Ĳ򣬵˵أ˵ܾձҼ˱أ˵սʱΪ˾ͽǶ׳أһþأ
ָǧٹֵĽ̬νӦоУҶԼԼ͸ձ͸ΪԤģݻԵҵġ
ҶЦյشһҩѶ˼ҩġ
棬һΪҩĵ̡
ҩ˼壬ȻһרžӪҩĵ棻Ҳ޽һҵר˾ɵʦҩֵףȡǮƷȵȣһ㡭
ҶЦ˼ٶȸıòʩʩȻ˽ȥ
òʲôĺǴڻȺֱӿ֣ȴһƴֵ
֮˲ò֣࣬
ҩУһƼݣ·ЩΡΡߣһҰܵ˹
ھҶЦߵʱҶЦܹĸоϣԵ

ҶЦЩɻĿԶȥͱӰˣˡ
棬ƹһ˶ӣһϧϧϧһ֣Ȼ䵽ҵĵزŪˡ
ҶЦһֱһ֣
ʲôˣʲôʵܱΪһأ
ǵһ֣Ҫ˲ţ
һߵһƺܺ淢ʣƹģ˭ľȻǸ֣
ҶЦ̲סƿȥһ͵
ʣȴΪزʶ֪ôڣһ飬ʳˡʻʵ̫ʱˣ˵
λүӿ꣬һӴûͷģȻɡȴʵȥǰµĶŴŷ絶䣻һ֣ݺˮҲ˵һۣһΪԪƷһʣƾһΪҲ㹻ڵһ
ǵʲôʣ䵽ǰҵرӻǻʱ׷ʡ
ҶЦЩҪһڣ̫ģ
˵䵱һǵŮӣҲֱִַ֮⵶׼ӺúõĹӣƽϲֵҸȥ컯ŪˣŮȴĳһɵĵӣɵǣŵĶӿ׷󲻳ɣʻȴձֶŴժˡ
λ˵ĹŭգԼλͬʦҵնɱ䣬ֽش޽֮Ƴ档
ƹ̾˿˸˵Ҳɱ㣬һӺңȴֶΪ޿κΣֻܿԼȥȴֲüʱΪûһϣľѰҿֶܼá
һֱҪά״̬
ʣ
ȻЦȥ
䱾ˣֳܰ޲ҩɾȵĹƳ棬˫شƳ棬Ծǳǲй֮ԶƵĻһԲкܴʱйߵʶ֮УѰҩ޷
ڡƳһʶ֮УԵһ棬ʹһأҲͶ̥תĥ㣬һֱĥȥֹƳ汾ֻͣҪûн˵壬ôԪߵΪͿĻֹʮߵ
һ˵壬ôʥΪҪɱҲѡ
ⷬǺļصĻû£һҶЦҲһëȻ
¾Ȼȶ񶾵ĳӣȻôԵ֡
ɱ˲ͷأһȻĿ֮ҲϲŹ˵Ĵ޼
Ƴ䣬ʹȬ֮ΪԲһǧɣƳÿԲ֮ʱȻڴեȡԪȴƳһԡ
һйûڵһʱƳ棬Ƴϰ书ԣͻйԪΪ֮ԴֱйԪȫɴŻתʶꡢ飬֮ϣйֻ߽أǣй߸ԸԻ֮ɢ𣬴˹ƳֹϢ
һʼʱʵƾջ򰺹ҩƳ棬һƳ棬֪еĿ֮ʱҩЧԽԽͣ޷Ƴ桭Ҳڼ̵ʱҵ
ʾɣѣȫˣˣûκԸΪǾһ޵׶޵׶ң־Բκλľ޿ӡ˭ܽ𣿾ȼƶĵ˭Ҳ׵ģ
Ѿ׶ΡһǵҲһϵڲڣ˵ϵ֮ԲڴˣΪĽ飬ЩʼղΪ˽طǲٸκΰˡ˵ͨĵҩҲѾãǾͬİæҲΪͽ̾κΡ
˵ƹķһƳ̾Ϣǳϧ
ôֻˣƵ׺ᣬĳȡ
δزһֽѡƹ̾˿ĳˣѾһɵţλȨأʹΪҲ϶ϲܶԸģοڵ壬ͨ˶磬˵
ҲδǽѰɡƵ۾˵Ƴ棬ǻһֻôȻҲûð
ƹȻһʱԶԣֻ̾ϢһŽǸҧһڣ̾˿
̾Ϣ֮࣬ͻȻĿתҶЦЦӭ˹͹٣ҪЩʲôĲ˵һЩѰҩΪ뱸ġ
õ㹻ϢҶЦҪν֮ʣȴƹסһתʹ˵ҲƹģéôңҶе㲻Ҫʺ
ƹǱ߻ڽζ׽ŰӣԲɫһͣ˿ԼİӣͻȻоһģȻŭûУ
ҶЦಡһ˳ȥ
Բƹŭ
ҶЦѾһһȥԶˡ


22 ǿ
Թ¶į˳ĽֵϣҡҡλΣһ˫۾ѻǲ壬·Ҳڰס
㱼䣬ŭҡУ̸ЦϬĽˣֻоĵһı
ʱ䣬Ҳ˵緢
ǰЩ˻Ҫ緢öࡣ
ֻϧҾÿ䷱һƽϲֹʱȴͻȻƶ˵䣬ҸķΧУֱˤʮ˲ײ㡣
ԼشȻһֿӱŰɱԼε
һֱӲдֻڣΪ˵ϣԼ޴Էйĳޡ
ڿƺννϣѾ
һ׵ΪѾȥ¥գȴһ·ҡֱʡ
˵꣬Էֻһ竣ԼʱһЩĽɢ͵ĻôԼѾΪͷβĴ࣬ԷȴԽãȨ죬һ
˫Ĳ֮֮
α
̸α
ڵƳ淢ԽԽǰԪݽߣ弸ϣԼѾоƳ濪ʼתԼʶ궯ˣˣԼʱ޶ˡ
Ӳдϵʱ򣬴ֻм£һʹļ¡
ˡˡȻ¡
Բ𡭡û£ǸûõˡΪ㱨𣬻ҪŪ͵ô꣬ǵ㲻Աܻ꣬ɾڣˣҲΪҡ
λǵȻ¡
ȻŲţǵһĽ䣬һССģȫéݺͿ֦Сӡ
ʵ˵ǷӣȴȹѻҪСҪơ
ôԼһֱС尾Żᡭ
ż˶һ١һ
˰ɡͷЦˣҷˣˣ
߶µСݣݵָͷһ£һѷĶ̵ѾΨһĲƲ
ⲢΪ
ǰʹõĶ̵
һ죬Ϊ㱨˳𣬾ѵȥ㡣
ǵԡ
עԸĵԣ
ڣʵôĲпᣬԼµĿ尾յȵֻȫϣľ
ԵעѶ̵֮յԼߣԵڶ̵ĵͻȻ£
һڵԼĲ˹ȥ
۾ļ
ԼĵԼĲϵһ̣һ˲Լһһֿ⡭
Ȼʱ
ĵѾԼļϵʱͻȻʹ˲˿ƶˡ
һֻĴ֣ʱ˵档
Ƥ֮ǰ֮׹̶˲֮ǰ
ʹǷϲڣʱжϳһѾվԼǰˣֹԼɱ
ɫ˲ʱɷףһʱң۾һ˵ѾȵزǾȻôҪô̤ңң
һߣȴԺĮ˵Ҫˣ׾ˣ뱨ˣ
İ
Щˣ
͵۾ѭȥ
ֻԼǰģһĿ꣬õҲƵעԼ
˭㲻ǲལŵˣԻȻ˵էĲ⡣
ལʲôǰ겻м˵
һལʲô
ֻһ仰ԼҲѾþûˡ
Ȼ˼˵Ͻƣ˲Լͷˡ
𣿡һȼȴէţ״˵Һγ뱨һһ̷ֻڣѾһˣ໹мµĻͷҽѣԱʧȥˣԷ죬ǿ׳ȻҪ𣬵ֻԷײһۣһĶ򲻹Ҫ˵ǶԸˡ
ҪˣٱˣҶЦʵ
ǣҪһѾϣѵȨûУֻⳡĲҾ֣Ȼʵ
ϣֻ֤㻹ǿαض⡣ҶЦ˵ȴԴ絶
ǿһǿٺЦ֪ʲô裬˺εȵĥ֪ôӲдһֱڣҪǿһˣڰվ˵ۣ
Ҷ
ҶЦΪҶҲŻ㲻ǿ
ٺٲЦϵÿһƣʣҲǿ
ͻȻشЦ
ƾʲô˵Ҳǿ
Ͳ֪Ҿʲô
֪֪㣬ҲѾǧٴΣӱЩ裬ЩĥЩʹ࣡
֪֪ܹϳţֵʱգѾǼǿ
䱯ĪҶЦһֵ˻Ƶͺ𣬼ߣйĵ׵ķŭ
ҶЦ侲Ŀ˵Ҳǿ㲻úνļǿǣҾ㣬ʲôǼǿ
俴һڵȴҶЦ˵νǿ
ҶЦ㣬ʹѾûϣûԾɻᾡҵĳˣûκαʼջг޵Ŀ⣬ҾĿ⣬һֱȥһ̡һֱһ̣ܻӵԼɱѾӱܡ
㣬ʹ֪ûϣûԾɻȥ漣ĳ֣ţҵĳǵǵˣȻɱĥ裬ȻҵȲǸʱ̣ԾҪȥֱһ̣ȴԼһʲôʱ䣬ǷһνɶֻӱܵĽڣǡ
ס
£ʲôֻܷܶ벻飬ûвܷ顣
ҶЦƽ˵ԣ㣬ֻҪһһҾͻȥĶֵûѡɱ㣬ݷ㣬ʹϼôĽƿ̣Ծ
ʹԼûȴҲûĶͷȻԾڽϻӣδؾûǲЩǿҲǲǿߡ
һһֱȥȵΪֹ
ʹһ̣Ŀ֮ǰԾɲġ
ҶЦĿ⿴䣺ҶԼǿĽҲҶԼǿڹ͡
ֵͷ
ڣ֪νļǿôҶЦڣǷ񻹼㹻ǿأ
˻˵ʵĲп㵱̹Ȼ𣿡˻Ľ
ʵôпᣬ㣬ȴ㡣ҶЦĮĿҿԺĿѰҲֹ㣬˵޶ԡ
㣬ʵԼ㱰΢ԾޣʧڷУһжûзֹһΣֹڶΡ
ҶЦĻΪᣬѪ


23 ԣ£
Ȼȴ۳Ѫһĺǣᣬеǰ;еʱ䣬еǻأңʲôûˡοҪ֮ǰҪٴʹһΣһ˺һƬ߲
ֹɱȻҵ⣬ʹһ˶ҶȻû壬ҿκ㣬ΣҶЦ侲˵
κңκң͵һ£ʶظ顣
Ҳȥȥ𡣡ҶЦ˵ڿѾҪˣЩһϣѾˣû塣
ס
ľھȪ֮£ʧصȵԾ㣬ȻǿջЦĶ˵ںܷΪѩްɡҶЦ˵˵գһֻƿ
ֻƿ顱һ죬ǰ
أעǰƿһ̣ͻأ˸ǰδеɡ
Ȼ;ĩ·Ѿʲôˡ
ȴļʶҲһʧȥ
ֻͨ徧ӨƿУһŵҩ뵷ͬһ㣬ɢ߲ʵϼ
۾ضֻƿҲŲһ֡
񵤣
СԺУֻʣĸ֡
֣Ƴ
Ƴһפ壬ʹͨΪҲֻܱĥȷʵҩɾȣȴƣҩɾȣȴƣֻҪƼֶԲƳ棡
פƳ棬ȻԪʶꡢ飬ȴҪΪ֮߱صĵƶơ
һһ
һƳƶ߽⣬޿أ
ֻⷽڴ˵У
Ͼǰĺ쳾죬ѾûʲôˣƳ񵤡
񵤣ѾΪ죡
е񵤣ǺεȱĪ˵ڵԼԼǿʱڣֺӵУѾ˹˵֮ĵƶ
˵ҩԹŷּңöҲҩңڵϾͲôˣҩңȴδóһóƶǵƼĶ
û뵽Լ;ĩ·־ʱ򣬾Ȼؿ˵񵤡
Ȼǰĵ񵤣ƳĶۺ϶Էղ˵ĻԼȻǰ񵤣Էһж֣ԼƳƹ֮
˵ԷǷֻǸһϣƣȫûУ˵ģԼڶʢʱڣټʮҲǲһŵ񵤵ļֵһŵŪԼԼ治ô
һ˲䣬ϣȼӯȫתϲ
ɵõļ̬һ˲ͳױˡ
ع̧ͷ۾ʱȴҶЦһµӰѾƮƮ߳ſڣȥ
˻к
ҶЦͣס
϶ҪͣסģҶЦΪͬƾƵٴΣʿУǿʳﾺȻļң֮ҵҶЦͬࡣ
ϾȭͷǵķһӦͨãǵǰĺ쳾컹򡢺½ˣǶ֮ģҶЦ治ôһʹһŵ񵤶ҶЦԲʲôˣǳöòã
䴭Ŵͬưܵķһ
Լ
ҶЦûп˵
һҶЦߣȫԥĹڵء
ؿͷ
ҶЦһ
䲢ǿڣԾֻһĿͷͷѪ⡣
Ұ㣿ҶЦʵ
ǡ
ҰⶾҰ㱨𣿡ҶЦʵ
˲ʱĬⶾǱ
ȫͬĸ
𣡡ҧٺݺݵһͷڵϣαѪȾ˿ͷ֮ء
ȻǱ𣬶ǽⶾ
˼ʵľ
ҶЦüȴȻ˵ͷ
һѡһǰ·ѡǰ·ʹ˶棡
Ҫ𡭡ҶЦһʲôҰ㱨𣿡
̧ͷѲɣܲϣľ޴롣
ǣʲôһʲôƾʲô˼Ұұ
ͬ飿
ҶЦŽ±״̬䣬ã̾һŵһŵƼĽⶾλߣȴԻǰľ
ҶЦ˵ţٲȥ
ʱ䣬㲻һ룬㻹ʲôԸʲôĴۡ
ϵĿʵںܶ࣬ĸܹܵùġ
һã㵽׻ʲôҿԿϵĵطԻȡҰĴۡ
Ժ󣬱Ұɡ
ҶЦ˵䣬ڵ󣬱ԵһҿԶӦһ£ڻǾѡһ֮ôδһҵĳ˽֮ɱΪ㱨𡣡
һŵΪ㱾ҲǺˣӲˣƽģǿȱ˸ġаŮ顣
Ȼ㻹뷨ͬѡ񡣡
ҲӦףǺ쳾죬ҲΪ̫ࡣ˲ʵ֮⣬ҲΪδ
ΣҪǣ
סڣֵܿջŷ
һ仰ҶЦԴķʽ˵
䣬仹˵ʲôҶЦѾͬһһƮ
ѸʧԶ
ֻݵֶţؿ۽еƿ
ĺƵ쳣٣һʱϢһ㡣
ֹãƽУһĨΥ
ƿеĵҩҲ࿴һۣԷŽ˿С
ڱѾȥһκϣĵزѵһ˿ϸһϣҾȻҪԥҪǸų򣡡
˲ʱ˼˿ԥ
ϾҶЦǾ仰˵ҲǺ¶ǵġ
ѡһ֮ԾɻΪɱ˱
ǣҪԼֱеĳɱ
ҶЦ˵Ǻ쳾졣
û㣬㡣
ҶЦ˵ʲôҪһ㵽ô䷴ġ
ʹѾȫκֵĶԾɻģ
ȻҶЦȫڵϣ˵̹䷴Ųɣ񼡣
ҲǺˣӲˡ
һ뵽ҶЦղ˵仰Ŀ䱥ɣϣȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻԾɳζʼЦˡ
֮ͬǰĲЦЦĵһЦ
ҩ¶֮˲һ˿ů⣬Ȼӵλ
漴˿ů⼴ʱϯȫϯ˳ȶϡ
ڵعƳƺǸܵʲôвһǰδĻԾʽ
ͬʱһȥµʹ࣬ɲǼϮ֫ٺ
ҽһʱȥ

ȵٶ̣֮Ȼ֣Լȫֳһǰδе״̬ԼµƳ棬ƺѾȫʧˡ
䳢һȻоһȵӵλ
ǹϢɵ˲ʱȫ
Լв壬ɲǼٶȳ
ȻܹоǰԼ۷ʱٻҪǧϣָоȻȴҲʮ겻ܵˣ
һ̣ͻȻӯʹʧ
ңϣˡ

ܸʲôܹʲôĴۣ
ϲ֮࣬ٶԼСϣ˼⡣
λӣңңϣȴҪʲô
ѾȲҵزʲôмֵģ
ҵˣ壬ġ
һᣬʹ˼ᶨ޶ҡ

ڶգ峿ʱ֣ɫ⡣
ɷ֮Ȼһ쳣ٵĽŲԼķ߶Ųƺܼܿ죬ȻѾܵļŲɷ֮Ծɿó
˵ƺмɣŲȴ鸡ʵԼߡ
˲δںɷ֮ķǰͣǾֱȥҶЦסĵŷſڣͣ
ɷ֮жȻһݣϢƴת˻ӡ
ֻһ¥Ŀݺӣ羴ؾصذݵڵŷǰһֻ֣ٻȴ쳣ء¡
ţͶϵģɷ֮ӼҪɳˡ
Լ⼸ȥļ֣ҪΪȣ޷ĵĶԽ΢ٻҪһʱܳЧ
عӲֻȥһ죬ˣ
ô£
ֻòͷΪʵ̫һЩ֮ѵʿҲǿ˶٣Ͷϣȴʲôô
ţϢĿˡ
ҶЦǰ
ҶЦŰݵڵص䡣
ˣ
ˡ
ҶЦ׸ԣתط
漴վ˽ȥ˳ֹš
ôͻȻˣңԼһֻ֮ǿŵΪӣļֶĶͷչˣϾ񵤵ļֵǷǷǳֱӼҺ׼Чȴû뵽ôҵǰ
ҶЦʵҹȻܹȷҴһ仰Ǵĳģ֪Ϊһ仰
ҶЦĿ䡣
һ˵ǺˣӲˡ
ҶЦĿˮȻ޲
ӲǺҲãҲգȴһһλˡ˵ҲҲɱˣݳŵҶԣĪݣʹҪδ֤ţһձȻ
Ļش
ˡ
һСһҹûʲôùϵģĪ˵ڣ۷ʱڣҲ빫ӷ۵ģһö񵤣һԪнߣ̫ݳˡ
̧ͷ˼ǰҷҾֻʣˣģҵҳϡ
ˣģҳϡҶЦ˵š
ǵģҵˣҵģҵҳϡɫƽҲ֪˭ΪΣҲ֪ҪʲôҪʲô
Ա֤һ£Ҫ䣬ǵһԥɡ
һԥɣ
ҶЦһ
ģȴ˵㸶ҳϣһ㣬ֱ𣬺޶ϳͷѪ
лӣȻһ͵عڵϣͷ漴վͻȻ͵һѪ漴һȴǽԼָƣѪУԼȾѪָպ˵ѪҺ
ͷ֮Ѫ֮ġ
ӡ

ͷ֮Ѫ֮ģ
ҶЦ²һ£ʱдӺɷ֪֮ʶ⡰ͷ֮Ѫ֮ġνǺ쳾죬صԣ
ڼ֣ģȴʱò㣬״ʵ̫⡣
ҶЦһ£ҪƳ棬еƼĶĶҪĶطǼпɵãõȴԵҿΪѹƳ棻ѹƵͬʱָΪ
Ҫڶʱȫָܣһס
һ㣬Ȼȫġ
νòҽԼ֪Լ£ԼѾڳΪһͷβķˣ״ôں̵ܶʱػ۷壿
ҶЦֻҪԿŵҩȫָǲƭ˵ģ
ҶЦ£һɾ䣬˲ã˲ɣһ¼Ǿ;˹ա
ҶЦУ˲
ʱΪİ֮˳ƾһ㣬Ҳ˵ȡȡⲢÿһ˶ܹġ
˵˵Ʒͦġ룬һļء
Уһ·ʹһֱܵ;ĩ·Ľ׶ΣҲ൱ɹ۵ġ
Ȼܹ˼أôҳ϶ȣҲͲҪٻʲô
ҶЦҽ䡪
ȡöƼͨԴ鵤ȥ
䵱ǰ״̬һжȻͬǱԪƳɴھĴݲбѣ֮ǰһŽⶾѾڵĸһգʣµģҪԾԴֽܡǿԼǿΪָܹĻʯ
ĸۣ֮࣬ʳ⾡ȥʵȴָ࣬ΪѾԸɸԴ
ѸĴܹѹΨȽûʯع̣ȶ̸ظ⣬һ
ԴԴͷظȴҲƳķˣʹǿŵƽⶾ֮վƳ浱ηĵƶһҹĳƳѾӦĴ֮ʹηԾɣȴԵֲԪĿϾԪΪ֮Դ
ԴҶЦȻ׼Ա񹦹ע֮УѹƣûзؾͽƳѹƵڽ䣬ǿ˯ߡ
ƳȻײУԲǿԪɳԵըȻȫ޵ֿأΪҶЦǳֻƳȴȫԪ൱򣬷Ѵݿı񹦴ݻ٣
ɹѹƳ֮ԼˡһιʳʮöΪĵ񵤣ͼӰĻָΪ
еӣиľʶ꣬Ҳõ˼̶ȵĻָǷȱģֻҶЦʮö񵤣½˵һΪ
һʮţΣҲܽĵָ̻һزЩΪӣԭ»ѡ
·ҪԼһȥˡ
ҶЦģʵɸΪ֮ڳ˯ûиĵ鵤ˡ
ʵҲ֪ӥڸҶЦȹ׽֮󣬾һҲڿռ˯
֪ʱת
䣬ļ¡ҶЦ\ɷ֮йԺҪϺ䣬\ɷԺ\ɷ¡
Щ£ҪȫҪܵôУֻҪս
ҶЦ˵úأӦ
ŷ絶䣿\ɷ֮һ£ȼŷ䣿
ɣЦЦ벻ôңԶ£־Ȼǵá
\ɷ֮̾˿ӣ㿴費ҪıһԼǰ󣿻ߣݣαװ
Ȼ֪ġ
һ˿ĥĳʹ
ҶЦһ⣬νһ٣Ȼѡ˼ӪǾǵһӣĶԹȻ
ལŵ˲ҲˣˣеǵĻȻӦĶʲôèԶǽļȻˣͱҪã׼
ҶЦݵ˵˵ﻰҵ治ϣǹΪҪһɱϲལţ˶϶Ǵ˿̱ལ˵Ȳ⾡ɥǾС
Ծ㶼һݣ빪Ӧǡ
˴˼ֻãԼҹӵǺơ
ɷ֮ȻҶЦĻɣལųֻǶɣҶЦļ֮һ仰飡
Щˡ
ĿǰλүȻأֱ֮󣬿ݻΪòƲǺܸߵ˵ҵǰ£ֻԼɷ֮Լȫָټ\ɷ֮ҲֻԪߣһֻԪнס
ʵĪ˵ǶԸལţֻԼĶͷལˣֻ¶Ҫδȴ˵ô
զ£
᲻̫Ϊأ
Կɻ\ɷ֮ںȥ֮ĵ˵Ҷҵĵϵˡ
һ仰ζ̸Ǿˡ
Ҷңһʱ侹ΪӦ㯵ظһ䡣
ֱһ졣
һֱϣھһ
ҶӾҶĺã


24 ʼ
\ɷ֮ڴͻһ仰һȴͷӦһ¡
һͻȻðһ⡣
Ҷҵˣ
ˣϣˡ
˵ڶ졣
\ɷ֮֮תʱէ֮˶ʱһ㡭
Ҳ˹
һҹ֮䣬ֱǴҲƣԭͷҵͷ룬ʹԾЩ߰ף˵ľȴѾײһˡ
վȻȻһɷơȣɣѡ
ϵƣҲʧ˺ܶ࣬ٲ֮ǰ˥ǡ
Ѿ궼ûֱͦļһ̣ͦͬǹһıֱ
ϵ·ҲѾһһڣȾ
У˸ĪĹʣɱǿڶ̵˼ʺĲϡ
ѹµ
ѵҵŷ絶
ϧĿ⣬۽ڶ̵
ڵ䣬˵˥Ѿʧһۿȥֱһܵ˵ˡ
ҶЦԾһ£߳ţ´һĶ̵䣬Ķ̵ңҸضһ
ɻ˵ţ
ѵҲֻɱɱˡҶЦЦЦҸһ£Ϊһٿɱˡ
лӣ伤Ī
ҶЦȻô˵ˣмİա
ʵֺγ֪ԼӵõѶ̵ʵƽѼֻѰұɣҲ׳ƵĴ·ǵĶ̵սɱвɣԼһˡ
Ը⽫֮һ˵ض̥֮ǣʡ

Ӱڳ󣬷ҳÿ춼дӿ
\ɷĴȥ̽ѰĿӴ
պ˵£ҶЦѡһլԺ⴦լԺռʮĶԲԭҪ뿪ҳǣ֡
⴦լԺһôдƬյأ㹻ǮƣԽ֮ȫլռ
ǵܹյؾõĻнӽĶĵؽ磬Ϊɹۣ
ȻƬΪһĴӪ϶ǲ󣬵ҶЦֻ˵ȴѾ˵̫ݳ޵䱸ˡ
ҶЦ춨Ǯݡ
ǡ
һж뾺ĵᣬνĿ
ҶЦΪԭˣȻ볡ȯ͵ġ
ֻѡٽ֮ǰŸͷȻ롣
ȵҶЦȥʱѾϯϾѾٽ
ֻҶЦرע⵽ģȴڻ᳡Ϸһƣ㻷ƳһȦڲ֮зڡһЩݵĴŵĵط
ҶЦյûĴ㣬ֻҪ۽磬ϣƾľģ˽ԼռЩֽµļֵ
ֵΡ
һ죬ʽĻ
ȿĵǼƿҩ˵ĳĳʦƷҶЦֻһۣͱ۾ȫ¡
û취飬ҶЦѾĵͣԶЩ˵ƣûУ࣬Щĵεɫ¡
ȻһʼмۣҶЦȴ۾ɵùԲ۵ľﻹоϲ
ҳһң
ҳһ壡
٣
壡
Ŷ壬ȫҶ壡
ʱһЦ
٣
İ٣

գôƿҶЦпһƷʵĵҩȻĳ߰ҵĸ߼ۣ
߰ң
ǿ൱߰ڻҵľ޶Ƹ
㻻ɰңҲ֮ޣ
ȫһˡ
ԲۣҶЦ죬һʱֻоԼò޷
⼸ǽҩɽĲһ飬ҩݣֵڼʶ֪̫ޣ޴ӵ֪ȴѾԼҳǣҩͬҩƷҪߵö࡭
Ҳ˵ֻѴѵĵ񵤣ʻĳ¯
浽ʱ򡭡óĻ
ɫԾܹĳ߰ңôԼó񵤣Ҫˣ
ʲô۸
ʲô壿
ǱһҪֵ
ɷ֮˵òʦǮ׵úܰҶЦĿ
쳾ĵʦֱһǮְҵ
ҶЦʦһۣ
ҶЦߣ¹ڳΡȻߣҶЦ仰Ƿ˷ۣ˿컨壺ӣʦǮǻʶòãţص㣬ʦĵҩֻ߰Ѿ㲻Ϲ˺òãҪǽѹ˾󲿷ֵĲɽ۸ֹڴ˺òãӾȻһ˵𾪣ֻǮȻĿˡǶôûмŻˡֵܻеĸԽԽˣôǮҲ򲻵һ볡ﾹȻȻɫҲ˽
ƣ
Ա͵͵һ䣬漴תͷ̨ϣһмһˣ֮ΪĿ
\ɷ֮Գŭתͷݺݿȥ
һۿԱߵˣȴͻȻһ¡
Ȼ㣡
ߵһתͷ۾Ц\ɷ֮ôĪˣ
\ɷ֮һŭӣôСĻӿڳ
ɫһ\ɷ֮⻰㻹ʸ˵ǲճҳǰ˶ϱǡ
\ɷ֮ȻҳǰͷҳǰһΪ
һΪ
˾ߺߵһۣ˫˫¡
ҶЦüоĺɷ֮Щͬ
ȫ֮Уʼնû˵һֱЦЦţȴһ̰ͲпᡣҶЦһŵĿȫûȫȻһ㡣
յĹ̨ϵѾ֣ȺֻﱻУƺ뵽ʲôͻȻ΢Ц̨գֵܹշ\ɷ֮ĸԸūţֵС
ҶЦЦЦĵش\ɷҵūţҵ¡۰򣡡
ЦЦıҲְͦǳ嶯Щ
۾Ŷԭˣ
ͻһ䣬䡣
УҶЦôش\ɷ֮᲻
˵ֵܣ
ôش𲻵˲ţɷ֮˶ţ
˵ѣ
ҲǣôشƾҶЦ˵ݵλ
ҶЦһ䡮ҵ¡ȴĽ仰˻ȥ
ȻūŶΪλߣȴһأҲūһеı־Գƺ
һ۰򣬸ƽ̧ۡ
һУܹΪ۰ǾͻǹǸɵĹǸ
\ɷ֮Դ˷ǵеο
仰ɫȴʱ
Լȥƣ˼һӶ˻ԷѾΪ\ɷ֮ͷˣԼһߣȴûΪԼͷ˼
ԶԷԼĻûлӦ
국ЦЦҶЦ˵糿ҪҪһ棿
ҶЦüô淨
\ɷһսǲһЩͷ˸Σյɫʣʤָ£һΣ
ҹȻȥĲľеĵȴҵˡҶЦᵭЦԼµģҶҵأΪЧػҪġ
\ɷ֮üɫ裬Ǹɫ˼֣һҪµʤעһȴΪĺ𾴾ܾ
ȫˡ
Ȼ˳֮Ƹ
²ôҪôĲſ䳡أ
ȻҪʤָ£η䳡ʤ̭һĿȻҶЦ۾λƺȣʵȴܲüƢܱļһҴһעһ򡣻ٶЩҲ޷㲻ңҲ͵û˵
ʱ׳
Գ磬ʹ۶峿ˡǽصһȴһ˿һ
ɵ˭֪ȻҪҶʤҲ㣡
ҶЦҲһ˿Īɫ
ȷʵϵǰ˭ȴ\ɷ֮ϵá
\ɷ֮ȻϵãҸղŻսǸƺ⣿ǾûԷҲ˵һ㣺Էʲôĺˡ
ȻҪһǡ
ڸղţ\ɷ֮Ѿһݱϸϣ򵥶ҪظҶЦ
ƽ
ҳһׯĶӣλׯȻЩȴԶԶŲӺšֻά״ѣѳʽ΢֮״
λү֮ĸЩ꽫಻ļҵҲӻòˡ
ΨһõóֵĻҲֻʣһˣڵӾȹжͼĹظ֮⣬Ļ֣Ѿɢòˡ
˵Ҿһ仧֡ڳԵ仧
ҶЦȤȴǣλүöģƷĲզءģֱ׷ȥ龹ʱз˵ã;ͲȼݣǲЦӭʹԹԷϣǵֱӹŷšɶѶעһ
֮ܶһӾֱ׼ӲɫȻûʲô޶ŭԹ¼Բϲˡ
ҶЦԴ˾һ֪ļһҪǲûƣֱӾǶԲסԼ
ʼͷϷʦغţ仰ȴǾȻֱͦ˱ĿƵĿ̨ϡ
ʵٷᣬʦÿ˵һϵ̨ʣʱĻˣԲͬΪʲôڴ˵ģ
ΪЩģӲģֻڴ˵УûмġЩ
ʵ֮ǰ̣Ѿû˯ζ֣˿̣ȴ˼Ѫһ㣬˾
ӦǾǰܣ۾ȫעһ˿Ψִκһϸڣ
һ𣬾ǡʦĿɨһȦ˵˵֮һСɽʵȴëģȫΥĴֽëͭ
δ䣬ҶЦѾظое˲ʱĵ
˿̣λв߲ƶ֮һڣ﹫Ȼϥʵϣ˿¶ƺԼĺëͭҲûаһ㡣
ֻǣǰ޳ָȴȻ߬ȭͷľƽ޲
ʵϣ﹫֮ǰֵܻÿָҪóɽ߼ҳŵǷֵܻһ顣
ʹԾɱֵܻõ˵ܾˣ
Ҳûиӡ
ңλֵܻĵһƹ˵ܲѾˣȻҪԼأ
֮⣺﹫ӣ﹫ëҲﰵ
仰Ǵ̶֮
﹫ӺЩ޽ڶĴ﹫ʹĵεĲȴҲǲ֮ڱġ
ֵܻһģҪԼ治һôѵ顣
ëͭ׼һң̨ϴʦÿһμӼۣõһǧҡλ͹ҪõëͭھͿԳˣĿʼ
﹫һо˸
ߵŮҲǿǰһ׼ھۡ
ȻѾһȵҳһһǧҡ
һʮźſ˳һһһһûмӼ۵ģûУʦԶԼܹΪ쳣˷ܣӱ
ëͭҶֻ֪Ҫ֮вһǰëͭôԭήһ룻Ȼëͭķﵽʮһ֮ôëȫûзԡʹԭĶұηëͭɵҲܵӰ죬ʵë
ʦˮĽ˻𣺡һëͭѰëĵز֪һëܹͭһѽһѾ޼֮ëͭȴܹﵽȫûʲô֮డȫû
λʦĻ治ŭѡ
̣զôĽܵôϸأô
ⲻһռ˵Ļᶼô
˵˷ܵģǺëܹͭĳһҲûаϵɣ
ѾĺɤӶˣһٽĭˮ㻹Ǹöнˮöнˮô㣡


25 ˣ
һһȻ
Ȼ˳ˡ
ջ󰡡
һ壡һ˳ۡ
򣡡һֱӽ۸ȥһǧ֮Ȼˡ
һ

ϧ־˵ԶԶ㣬˺һҧż۸׷ȥλֱ
﹫ɫЩѿĵѹֵܻ˲ϸԼӣ߳ɽҲֻһǧҶѣڣһݺëͭѾԽʷ߼λڲѵ޽֮˶ôǮ
ڣ˼λλëͭ﹫Ӷָı֮ǲ޼ãηһ﹫ɾͣһ﹫ӴһǺã
仰﹫ӿϣٲȻ޲¶һ˿ݸЦ⡣
޽ʶӵҵġ
ָо治
Ǻëͭ˳֣ӵҲڷҳǻرЩֱ֧ӵ֪ˣ
ЩķͲˣҲ
˻䣬ȻһƬĿ˰ҷвˬ
漴˺ٺһЦ˵λ̨˼˵﹫ӵΪҪһĻǲֵһᣬô˵ôǶҪҪøλʲô﹫ӣ԰ɣ
˵Ҳ˼Ҿ˵﹫ӵ
﹫ӵﴵôʲôϵʹͲ洵Ҿһõһܵ޽ܵרŸҴ𣿡
һ֮Աǡ
ʱ˸͡﹫֮⣬ѵǻɣҵʱضңĲ벻ͷͷزһĿȻ
ԣûίԼȥȫˡ
˵䲻ģ治ۣ﹫֪˭ˣ˭ģȳֺõ˭˭Ҳ
ôǲס﹫˭Ҳȳλ֣λִִ˵еԲз۰ɣԲеϣȷʵֵôҼסһ£쵱ֿһ۽磡
Ǿǣڴ˹ƽۣ۸ߵã﹫ǮǳķϣȻߺëͭǾôãҲͬ⡣
Ҳͬ⣬޽ʲôطһ첻ҪΣΪһָܲӾͰѹغĶãû
ƨŵζɶҲûˡƾɶ
﹫ӣ﹫ëӾϴ֣ӣҲֻȥҤﴵĿɱ﹫Ӵúá

û
ۣ͸ϽۣǮĿЩȫӱ죡
ƣȫҶƣ
ôĸӱǮ򣡡
ۿųѾҳһ࣬﹫ӵıӶˡ
ղԼ֪ΪԼ˵ȻŭڮٳʲôԲзۡ
ƽһ⣬ʷĪ谡
˵޽߾һ޷ͽֱ˼侳ܲᵽ˾Ȼȫûκʿԡ
˵ԼҪòҲͰˣأռλػı䱾ſڴƻˡ
һĶţҺƽ׽˵﹫Ӵ˼ŭɶ
˼λãһλЦ򱳼һ¶һ˿־Ц⡣
ֵܻᣬȻȷȷʵյԤڵЧ
ҲֻĲçܹ֯󻯡
ҲֻЩݸߣŲںӰǣ
ͱЩߵУҶЦԶ϶бȻֵ᲼õС
ҪȻҲôʱͽ㵽޷ʰĵز﹫ӳƵ˶档
һ﹫ֻҪãһо͸ˡ
úã治
ҶЦ¶ڵǰ̬ƺ⡣
ۿźëͭľļ۸һ·ԽԽߣ𽥵ѾǷΧ
̨ϵʦͺǳ˴ҩһ㣬ֵÿ
ˡûг۵ģ˵еĺëͭģģһٰʮſ˳ġ塭ѾûгĶ𡭡һپʮſ˳໡ˣһʮһſˡŶŶˣûг۵ġûУһΡëͭں쳾ֵΨһһ顭ûг۵ġˡûг۵ġԺδػĻģˣʮźſ˳ûУǺëͭɲĺëͭ
ʦֱǷˣĹĴëͭʶֻʶϳʱ䡣
ôһλȻһ˵ģͨ컹˻ߡ
лڳ۾ëͭʿһжѾݷλʦʮ˱ڡ
ëͭһҹϵôôëŲº̫Ѿģ
ѾĺһɤӣǾҪٶһǧڵĻң
ģΪǮǴ
ѾĴëͭ˰ɣ
ۿż۸ԽԽߣܶ˷׷Ĳ鲻Ըˡ
򣡡﹫ڳֱۣӰѵǰ۰θǧң˵Ĵֱʡ
﹫ȴȷڻڲ뾺ëͭиľֻˣҲѾԼóֵʱˡ
һ
˿̳۵ģȻǸһø﹫ӵߣȻϾЦ﹫ӣ﹫ӣ˴ǱǸˣҲҴһǸҵĽϾǲܺҵİ¡Բסˡ
һȫ˲ʱһ£漴ͻȻôЦ˷ﲻ
﹫һ㶣һſǵͨ죬ҪγѪ
⼸仰˵ʵ̫ˣ̫˼̫ɶˡ
ҲҴ
һ仰ʱˡ
һǸҵĽϾǲܺҵİ¡
ʲô·ѵǵ쳤ؾãһϦӵУ
⻰˵һļһ߱Цһа
ܹѻ˵üȵزˣҲټ
Եһˣ˭
﹫ƫƫʲô˵
ʹҶ֪ﻰĸ壬Ͼ˵˼˵һ˵﹫ģǵӡ
ԷҲֻҪԼĽ쳤ؾãԲŷ﹫ӵĴ
ľô˵ģܵʲôô
ҳ塣﹫ӼһѪѹȻ⣬ŭ˵
˿̵Ҳ޷ִǰѹӵĿݷȣüܳ˵ĿⶢǸһ﹫Ŀ⵱Ϭ罣ֻ˴˿ѾҹΣʬ
һ΢Цһ߼Ӽۡ
ԭͬھ۵ˣһǮ벻Լͬ
ȻǮѾǵĸޡ
򣡡﹫ҧۡ
﹫Ӵ˼ǲòϣʦԣδˣᵱδػУѰʿëͭΪĻᣬԼˣȴͬǷ˶;׷
һԾһЦеģأһּҪ˵Ŀң﹫ӣĿ
壡﹫һĿԹ
˻˻βӣ̾˿ⲱһžӡҪΪҴɷɣҰ˼﹫ӵúˣ˼ҿ϶ң˵ΪҴˡ
ƥ򣡡﹫̲סŭϷŸɾЩ
ȻĿ﹫ӣһ޹ԩ⡭ҡզˣ˵ĲǴʵѵ﹫ҲˣЩ˵źģǲ֪Щжôְ
һ仰Цô
쵰⻰ﻰ⣬˵ļ©ʵ̫޳һ㣡
˵ЦҪҪĵزԼȻܰڳô޹ӡ
ӦǾ仰ü
㡭޳ܣ﹫ǺĿɭȻֱһ㡣
զ޳ˣ˵ɶˣҲû˵ɶ̯̯֣һ㯣漴ͻȻȻٶȿڵŶˣ﹫ӴΪɣ
ѵǣ﹫仰ڵͬʱڳҲһһʳ仰
裬ô˵Ļֱ˵ˡ
ˣҸղ˵ǴִˣŶ˵һЩָ㴵㴵ҵô˵һ˰ɡˡ
ģЩεһֽѵĿ˵﹫ӡ㡭˼ܴܲһЩҪĹʺĶ
ڳ˾ЦЦǽһǰϡ
߸ǸɴֱЦĶڵϣЩںˮġۡһ˳أԹЦ
㴵ҵ
հҲҸһ㣬¶һ㣿
Լ˶ˣȻ˵˼Լ˼ˡ¼䣬Ȼȼˣ
﹫Ӵ˼ѾûƤɫ
ʵҲ֪ǸģǸģľûҴԣһйҴĴġԲԣǲԡҵ˼ʵǡû㴵ҵŶ԰ղô˵ϸɾЩ⻰ɶ˼ѵǴҸ㴵ǲвУҿɲᣬҲǸҴͲǸǸҶᡭ㲻ǻԼͺҪ˿أ
գһȻͷһ䣺۽һ߱ǿһ㣻۴ҿ϶㣬רҵʿҶ֪
ڳмʮ󺰣ȷ
ҹһȻ˸ȦҾһļЦ
ۣǵһڡ
ϾȻܹˣڼˣȵزˣȴҲ˴۽磬̾Ϊֹ
أԲϰѰݣٶת﹫ӵ㴵ȷúãʤ֮ǰôˡţ֮ǰߺȵǼһؾǳڹ＼Ż˰ɡ
㶼ôˡ
＼
Ȼ﹫ּһ񲹵ǸԲзҲһǹ˵á
һֱ˹ѾӾӣ˭棿
﹫ûѵؿ޳ܵļһһһĵͳڵģһڵģұ֤
ӴҺ£﹫ӾȻв˼ˡ˿һ״ӣ漴Ȼ̧ͷ˵ǵ﹫ӲһġģȻҲҽӺڣѵ㻹ҧңӾͲҧ
һ˵֮һزɣԽԽ޼ɵΡ
﹫һסѾҪѪĳ嶯һҳʮ򣡡
ǿ˳Լ޳޵ļһﶷ죬ǾųԿԲһĶ֡
ɴཫһ£ⳡ־磬ȻҲͽˡ
ս־һ£ӻ˶֮գղ˵һ﹫ȴζŹģ
﹫ԹĿ⣬Ѿ˵һ㡣
ʮ򰡡˾һü룬û뵽һľȻôǮˡʵ̫ˡ̫ˡ
ô׬ôǮ
һ˵̫ˣһòȻҡͷҪ¡
﹫ĿٶȾ۽ˡ
Ȼɶѵ﹫ӵñãҪΪҴһô


26 𽣣
ǰ״زȻ˺õĻⲻţҿԽԽ¶ǡ
žҪһԽ˵ﵽĽࡣ
޽ߵķ񡣼ȻѾ㣬ô͵һ㣬ﵽҲ޷ΪѾζŹˡô㣬̬ҲѾء
ɷ֮ҶЦߴ˵ǰơ
ҶЦͷʾԼȻ
ͽֻһ䣬ô̧۵Ҳ޷Ƿõóղź۵ôǮòӦңǶ̧ۣΪֵܻãҲҪһ˵ġ﹫ӺһĿ
Գŭʱһĺ㡭˼˵㻳ֵܻУ
ҿûô˵ֻ˵صֹ﹫ŭǣû˳˵
쵰޳ܵȵزȻ⳶ֵܻȥ﹫ֵܻжԣ
﹫ӣ٣Ҳ٣㻳ˣҾôҲǲ֨Ŀԣô˵㻳ֵܻأ
һķŭôĿŵڰ˻ֵܻᣬǺξģֵܻϰźеֵܻνӵίУûĽôڲѡҳǡ޽Ƿָͬζ֤Ĺƽô˵ôǶֵܻ޴裡ʹ£ʹԲзۣʹôᴵҲôŤʵſڴƻưɣ
ֵֵܻˣ̲˵ġ
⼸仰˵ĵǿߣζ˼ȴҲԶ׼Ե޷ĵزԡ
ֵ̨ܻʦȻһףλˣʾһԼĲƲңԼס
ְܶԣȷʵʸҪ߳ʾӦҲƸ֤򲻵ѣʱɽʱ򣬶Ҷϰ棬Խ˽˵ķʽؽУϾƲ¶׵ĵ˭ҲǶõġ
˼ʦĵ仰ǵԽȨѾЩƫ̻﹫ӵˡ
˹һЦҲһɢûʲôǮȻ϶ǲ﹫ʮҵĴ󸻺ҪúëͭıȴǲٵģǰĿҴֻǿõóġ
˵ţóһռָš
ͻȻһ֣ռָеҵʱͷգһöһöС
ĺôһƬڱ᳡Ͽա
ĿһƬӨȻ
ܹ߾ҶĿ֮ɢУҲܿԺܿοô롣
аöң
Ƚ˳
Ҳ׷׶ͷϿɡ
֮ǰ˽мۣȷʵȻ׼֤ԺëͭĹͼʵ飬ĳ۶ۣ﹫ӱʮۣëͭȻ֡
һһҲֻаңΪеܹͷƷȴû뵽
Ȼ˾ʧʧ֮Уһĵ緢˭Ҳǿóģһ֣еҶĵʵҲԣñ׼ۣ﹫ҲֻҪһͿջõëͭˣֻϧ̫һûУ໨ڴˣҸоܱǸ
仰˵ȻҲǺˣϾǲ֮ǰôˡ
쵰¾仰ȴٶȾԭα¶ʵҲѹ֣ëͭҵͷãҲͷã˵ǺëͭıҲǱϾϾֻרо촵ãķ治ôں߲ôУΨзעصģҲǿġ
һʺճ˫أζȻڣʱá
һЦ
˵Ǳʵǻ
֮ǰ˵ҳе߸Ķǽɢ޴ֺƷζĲߣۼԭ߸ϣƶˣųʮ㣬Ŀӵ﹫ӱṲ̄ȻǿĲѵģ
﹫Ӵ˼ѾôڱԵҪֱתȥԼȴ̫ҪëͭкĽ֣ԼĴ;Сʧʹβʡ
ҲֻܽһѪȥ
ѽ˵ôģ֪ɸٶ˵մ﹫ɭȻ˵
⻰Ѿɭɭɱɱ
ʲô˼˭ҲҶװס
﹫ӶҪסӡ̰ѵҪڴʱҪ߶ҵô𣿲Աߵ˲Ĳ𣿡˹Ц漴һȣɷвգ˾𽣣ꡣ
﹫ӣ㴵ˣǽǶҪң޽ʲôطҲ궼λӭʱ㡣ǣ
˵һЦȻˡ
ȫȴ漴ͻȻһƬռļžΧ֮С
𽣣ꡣ
޽ɢ޷ư̽ɣǰĳǿߵ
һվ˼߾ȪκΡ
һ𽣣Ӵ˲ꡣ
𽣣ꡣ
ɢ޷ư񣬵λˣ޽쳾񣬵ھʮ
ֻУɢ޷ưĵȴԶԶ쳾ľʮĺߡ
ȴ쳾ĸ߽ߣܹǰ֮Уʵ֮߿ɼһߣֻʵһǿ֮У
﹫Ӻݺݵͷ૵ҵ˭ԭ𽣡ǣڣٻ֮ա
Լλϣαղúڣ㿴õһ֣Ҳ⣬ϣ﹫ӻгҵĲƸעҪʧҪġ
仰﹫ӼһѪ
һֱӺղյʲôҪǲĻк̫𺳣Ҳ̫ʵһЩ
ë֣ͭ﹫ӵıص֮ڳԭԤ֮У֮ڣȻջ¡ݺ쳾߳ɽ۸Ͼ֮Ѿǳ۸
﹫ӵԤУʮҲºë֣ͭ˳ºһҲδزܣ
ʵôĲпᣬΪһĺճǿƳ۴ڣյĳɽ۸񾹼ԼʮҲ˵һëͭ
﹫ʹҷȻǲƴ֣ȴҲԾסôӰ
һ˼ǽ֣ԼҲҪ
⻹ֻΪ˾ʹ˰Ұ
ѵ˵ԼҪĿһͭһ֣ѾȻҪʮң
һ٣ֹ۵ԤУ
﹫Ӻ£δٸ̡
﹫һʱ֮ҪĿһԼǲǼ˵Ķ֣һҲڣĿȻֻð򣬵ȷЩ
Ҿô࣬ʼǿǰٵĶǿߣûкöһһЩöԼ̧ۣԽԼıص֮ԼƱزֻܷʧأһʱ֮ٵ粨ɣ
ͨɫľģ潥ƽеӪֶΣ߳УԳУҲҪ֮߳Ļ壬ҪǸ߳Чѣ
ƽ޲־Ĺ˳־͵һ֡
λ𽣹Ȼǰԣͦ־ڱصõһ·ۺȥ
λȲǡ
﹫Ѫ
ȴֻܸŲϾۡ
Ϊ
ھԣֻԼһ˸ͬĲ꾺ۡ
ֻҪԼۣʦһ䴸ǿɾʲôˡ
Լڱصõⶫǿǡ
˴˷ԷֻɽӽéӣҲǶ϶ϲԼˡ
ҿֻаңӦòбҡ﹫ڰοԼΨԼղԤ档
򣡡λ𽣺ܿ͹ȻԼ߼ۡ
һ﹫ӺϾǺЦһгͷ
һ̣𽣲¶һ˿ЦݣԴӻȡһУĵ﹫ӹȻǸҸȻҪᲽĳ֮Ҳϴӹ֮Ը𣿼ȻӴ̹֮ϣĳùʧ֣ǡʺϸҵ𽣵Ĺؼ£ǮƲԣûǮⶫ֣еһд˽֣Խ֮һΣҽңֵ֪ܻΪɲУֵּܻȻϴ﹫֮Ըʵҵң᲻˰ɣ
﹫һסȻʲôʲô
ʼǿֵ֮ĳ֣ôûмϵεĺ£
֣һ˶һ
ܵʲô˺˲临ԭ
Ȿı
ǣµı̶ȶۣĵȼȽָ߸òã
ŻӣҪϰң
ҪҪôƴ
Ҳôƴ
֮ǰһֱĻֵܻõļžһۣǳڽֵҡ򣬿С
ͷ﹫ӣĵģҳʮһ򡣡
﹫ӵһſ
֮ǰȻҲ뵽ԷֵǮ°ôҲû뵽ôĴֱʣҲ벻ԷȻô棬Ҳ̫ˡ
ֵҵۼ֮ͬǰİ򣬺Ϲʮһ򣬾һҲҵǰԼ
ԼûоĵëͭôּһҪ˱ģѾ˺ëͭٵõֵĻԼͣҲһ֮ңϾǬȻҲϡվǰǰ㺱
϶ûôܷĿܣ
Ҳ֪Է־ڱصã׼һ㣬ϵֶ̧̧ۣۡ
Ҫȡý֣ŷҪԼǵôѪһܵóԸˡ
һ̣﹫Ӷ𽣲ĺ⣬ֱֱǵ˼
ҳʮһһǧ﹫ҧٶȱۣ۾˺ˡ
ɫҲ˲ʱ쳣ѿЦһٶ۾ЦЦ뻳
﹫۾ʱɴˡ
ҿѵҪȡʲô
ôâȥôԼֻҲֻѡˡ
ڵ뻳֮˶ڵȴһĶ̨ϵʦȻûкһεڶʲôȴ侹ȴǳһ£૵﹫ӵ־ڱصãһѵһ־ȻȻֵܹʮһҶĲ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ɫǰҰĵ﹫Ȼòƴ֣˵ĴֱʣĽɢĪӮˣ֣ˣ䲻ԭˣ
һ˵ţһȻҡͷ£ģȴǹһòƺܵ΢ʵȫ˵а̫ǮĶǻ˳ʮһǮȥЩɢ޾ȻǮܿ졣䲻ԭˣ
һʱȻȴֻȻһ仰Ƭ֮䣬Ⱥ˵飬ǰһ˵įʣ⵹ҲˣǰߵĴǮ죬ֱǺָժĳɶȡǮƣ
ۣ
﹫һ󳱺죬ʱһѪ˳
ȻǿסûеѪȴѾõѪЩԪˡ
꣬żסҵģ
﹫ҧгݡ
ǲʱ﹫ߣأ۾Ȼ﹫ӣզأĳ־ڱصõ𶼱ϳߣҪԲĳŭĿӣ⻹ûе壡˳Ϸ壬﹫Ȼ߶մߣǰɣҲǿԵҶˣ㻹ҪҪĳ˵СղŶӦգ㻹ǵñҵ𣿣
ٶȻȻʹ˵úίȫβ֪ԭίȴҪΪ˵һ֣̫ԵˣԼ﹫ӣ޷ͣȻȥ
﹫ӾȻָĵȻҳʮһһǧʦ
﹫֪ǰѶ벽궵ֻıǰǸϽⳡΪεľΪϣѹŭ𣬳ʦ
ʦγѣ
֣﹫ʮһһǧʮһһǧһΣг۵𣿻г۵Ѿδ˼λƷƷʮһһǧΣΣ޽ֵ֣ӵСг۵ĸߵ𣿡
﹫Ӳƽľʱһֳ嶯޲ýʦһ¶ȥ
ôģôľȻ
һðһͷ֣࣬ɾĲҵˡ
ʮһһǧʦĴ߸߾𣬵ȴһϢںȻȻ¡
ɽ
֣֮﹫ֻоԼʪ͸ˡ
ˡ
һʯͷҲ˵ء
ȻҪĹؼ䵽ͱǬǱߡ
﹫ֻϣǬЩҵȻ쵶ն£
ǧˡ
Ҳϲͷˣ
ĵܲ˰ˣ
ҪǬĻôԼ͵ýҵ
𽣣꣬Ҽסˣ﹫Ĺ⡣
ֳ裬ƽ
ӣͷһء
£ǰδУ
ݲޣ
Ҳɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
ƺ﹫ʲôǱߵĲ국̧ͷ鵭Į۾ɨ﹫ӣ¶һЦ
Сڿ϶ߡ
϶ڼƻôԸҡ
ô
ӾǿС˳ۡ
Ŷ﹫ӣͿŴ𣡣
¾¼ûĵ
ֻҪ޽ҲҪƽĲ뾺
﹫ҪʡǮ
Ҿƫƫ໨
ƲĵӸѾգ
Ըӣаӵ㣬ػ֮ա
ֵڴػ֮գ
ڿֵͷϷڳ˶ǸоΪ񫣻Ȼصʱʼվֻڶźۣ˲ûв롣
ǷֹĸоȻһ֡Сĸо
̫̼ˣ
ֱһĸо޲ö࿴أ


27 ۴
ŲϷŪ﹫ӣ˵ĵ׶̲סһֵĸо
֮ǰ﹫ӵĴźܶ࣬˴洫˵
﹫ÿγţȻʻ·ӰŮ̴Ӵӵǰӵ
﹫ӱ˸һϮʤѩ£ٷס
ڵ﹫ÿ֮ǰǱȻԡ񣬴ﵽ⣬Ⱦ쳾
Ȼ﹫ӳųʮ֮⣬Ҳȷʵ˵ã
ÿÿһΪ֮𶯡
һ񳯷Բǧķݾ飬Ϊ٣׷״׵ͷʾ
һľƿ֮򣬸˵Ϊһ硭
һλΡ
֮ܶ﹫صģǺôģǸ߸ϵġ
Ϊ˹ϵģȴ﹫ӵһȾ
ʱգʱ˿̣ǰ龰֮£˵ֹȴıˡ
ԭ﹫ҲһͨˣҲΪҲᱻ̼Ъ˹ҲΪòǵ¶ŭɣҲг˵
ԭſŵһ˶⣬ҲôĿν˼ɴҲˣԹԹʵ˶ѣ
ԭﲻһﴵúܺõ֮˶ѡ
粽˵﹫ӵٺٳɫЧܲкã
һ޽һ﹫ӵࣿ
﹫εţﴵôãܹʲôʲôЧãʼֻЩĴٹЧ
Щͨߣиϵ
Ȼʵ˹ϲк壿
᲻Ϊܹ﹫ӵȥ﹫ūţ
ȻǷ񶨣
ȻǷ񶨵ģôΪʲôҪΪ﹫ȡȥҪϣȴҪԼһĴû᣿
̫ɵֻӦû˵ԲУ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ҵ˼˼룬ƺΪõһ
Щһпһ˼δؾͲһ﹫ӵ
˵öԣ﹫ִ˵֮󣬹ﻹһġ
һյϷӣ˶ѡ
ڣĳ˼Ϸ壬ɶɶδ֮ƾһϷӣܹ۵ʮôӴĲƸֻ﹫ӵȫңϾҪһǬԲػһΪٵǮƣôӴƸԴ˼
׮׮֮˷еıʣ˸֮̾ǰڴ˷ôྫ͹עֵ̫ˣ
ڣУҪǡʦٶȿʵ˿Ҳǽġ
Ϊ﹫𽣵ᣬûְҵĻᣬõգѾǼһƴ
֪ʱʦǿس
ֻʦܹɹسܹƷ󻯡
һȫͬʦûмοڵأ﹫Ӻ˾ѾչݱĻƴ
˵ʵʦسε£ҲĲôߵĳɽ۸
ǰĳɽ۸ȫһ׵ļ۸񣬲ϧѪĳʵѪƴ
ԣȻĳۣʦûسԾʧְġ
ǰ£ʦȻǽģ
ԽʦΪֲһ㣬ں֮ѰƷƣǺǿ컨׹޵òҪҪġ
˾Ϊ̼֮£ʱһ۾ǺƤ
Ǻճɽ۸ȻҲ̧ҡ
Ҫ֪Ǻںֽ棬Լֵ͵һɽ۸˾ˡ
ǳٵʱֱӾȫڷڡ
ΪҲãҲգѾﵽԪϵǿߣõõܹõλƷ
Ȼƾ࣬ⲻ֪Щ˲ǮҷȺˣ
ȫǸ߽໥
Щ˺ĳɽ۸Ȼͬ졣һһǮ
еĲָ߽ߣΪԪԵɣȻеĵõͻƿ
Ϊ˴ΪͻƼԪȻǲϧеģ
ϾûôǮʲôã
˴𣬾͵ֽͬһңͻƵϣ
⡭޿ɿܵջ
ʮң
ڼ۸񽥴ʮ뽩״̬ʱʦֻһ仰ȥͽļ۸ٶ̧ȥ
𡭡ǽΨһһ顣ûоƵĴ𡭡Ψһ㲻ӵ𣿣
仰ֱ˺ʮ¸߾ۡ
󣬾һ·һ·ʸߡ


28 Ǯ
գʮʷ¸߼λͣסˡ
˹
ɽۣԵۣ
ͷ˵ߣ˽ӡ
ǲɽѣ
ڳ۹Ϭ֮һƣﾡȻ
˵ˣ˴ȻѰĵرΪֲ˻ʧĴȴֲ
ǵıΪۣϻӵƳԪȴʱ䡣Ȼ˿̣ȴִһ͸
Զ׼ֵ˴˴ǲϧһдۣҳ˱ȡ˴𡭡
ɣϸǻиĻֻ²ͣʮĿϡ
ôոأ
˶ûټۡ
ϾʮңҲѾһ˿ɼˡ
һң൱һڵĻҰ
ʮңǾʮڻңֻһ
Ѿ÷ݣֱǡɥĲɥ˷ָˣ
Ϊ䱾ҵĲɽѣʹǸôӴĴ֮Ծͬ˴󽱣˻ϲ˴ֱˡ
ǶԺһͷϷͬ߱ЧõĻҲ࿴һۡ
ΪѾҵ޾ء
ʹҲֻۺķݣϽؼң翪ʼԴһͻƣһհʱԪݽߣһجΡ
ҶЦһų۷׷ףŲɽѲϵİ߰߰׷ŴߵʱֻϲӣͻȻһʹ
״صλˡ
ִˣǲԼĺ⣻ԼҲֻڷ֮ǰ˵ҩԼÿһʥ
͵͵ķǵķ
Ҳ֪ϳûС
˳ֵļֱ˻Ʈ
һģ˴ᣬѹ֮ʦһ죡磡
һһ١
գֵǳ٣䡱һǰ
﹫û½µĲ겻֣ҵĲɽҲˣµĶˣĽǳˣ
ʵʱ򣬽ѾȽˣֻòɽѰ˼ˣе;ĩ·עһ˭е״ԱңƫĶѡ
Ҳ⣬˼ҵȷ̫Ҫˡ
ŵҶЦ۾ۿųϻ𱬳̶ȣ㣬緢
ӾǮˣ
дǮ
ߣ
һ˲ҶЦͻȻоԼղŶµĶԼ
ʲô
עȻһң
ȥƴ
ôǮģ𡭡ҪΪһȥ˴һܡҵ˵ҲЩ̫˰
Ҳǰڼĳˡ
ģΪ˼ֵһҵͷǮǽһΣǽһûʱҪ汻ץУһëëҲ򲻹ҲӲˣû׼ľ͵÷ծɶϾĳ˵ĳǱȽͿ
ڿɺˣȻֵһڻҵĶעˣɼףݷѣǮѧ
ҶЦЦӡ
ǻ
Ǯû֣̬ѾתΪ̬ˡ
Աߵĺɷ֮Ѿ۽𾪵ôˡ
ɷ֮ȻҲԪߣʼֻǽɢޣݱʵδ֮У֪ȻҲޣԭ֮ܲУм۴ҲʮңϾ֡ëͭǺͬױ׳ɽҲֻҶѡ
Ȼ𡢻Ҫٸ߳һҲٸɣҲˣȫļۼʮңѾǺֹ۵Ĺˡȴû뵽ĳɽ۸񣬾Ȼʮм֮ࡣ
ȵʮҵ¸۳ɽʱڳųɾŵ߶ɵˣ
ʦˣҲǳɵˡ
ֻȻϹһʮң
൱ڣһʮڵĻңǶǮôӴļֵ
λʦԺԺƣⳡԼѾ޽ȫµʷ¼
Ҷ֮ڣûκÿڿԴƣ
һʮңȻȫҶЦڴȻǱЭ飬Ǳ߸ԸɵŻݣԭȡһɣ֮ǰɡ
ʳɽ̫ˣҶЦڿǹ֮󣬾ָɵĳɽΪɣֵ졣
ڹֳ󷽣ֵܻȻܾҲ˳ŵ
ںδ鷳κ£ֵܻΪһΡ
Ȼ֪ʵݣͳһöһֵơ
ֵƣ飻СǶ飬ͺ϶Ϊһֵͬġ
ÿһ鶼һΨ˿ϷĿϣһ顣ҶЦõģС顣ʱ飬СǶֵܻĴ֮УǶͷˡ
ȽͷʽҶЦбнġ
÷ֵɱʮңʣ¾ʮһ򣬿۳ԤҶЦõʮҡ
⸱ңڵķҳǣԿȵŽǰʮ
ɷ֮죬էȻֵľ޶ƸֱӾ±ˡ
ôǮ


29 
ôǮ
ɷ֮뵽Լ౼һӣڵ裬ǻǧ࣬һңȫȻ߰ҡ
ȥճģʱҲֻð˾ʮҰѡ
Ϊ˺ˣǰʮŸˡ
ǿүôġ
ʩʩȻȻشӽָ֮Уóҡ˵ƽ֣Ȼɵ׬˰ʮ
һӣʮŸ
һߣһ֮ڣһ֣Ǿǰʮ
Ƕ٣
һ򱶣
ɷ֮档
֮ǰӵɣԼĶݳ˷̣ǮֻԼĿǳĿ⣬ͷĿͲǮ˵ֻҪ׬ôôô˳Ŀô
һ˲ĺɷֻ֮оԼǰӣۿಣηηȥ˵ĻԼˡ
֮۾١ڲ޴棬ԡڹӵĻԻ͹âҫ֮ˣ
ɷ֮ܳʹܽ˵
ҶЦЦ
һսôҶЦźɷ֮
ɷ֮̾˿ӣǸǸ˲š
ҶЦüëһ˼ǣ
ҵ˼Ҫɷ֮Ͽ˵ڹ¾ֻˣҺ䣻ȫָĻȥԪƷΪҸߣֽ׶ȴʩ˼ʾָֻԪƷȫָҪ൱ʱ䡣
ڶʱ֮ڣ޷ָ
ΪԵʣȻལšɷ֮˵һལţ޷Ͼֽ׶Σ޷üԮལ֮žԲ࣬ҪѪһҪǿѪ
ڽ׶Σܹյ֣Ӵ߲㣬߽ס
׿ལ㲻̸ӵĴҵҲҪ֣ǵҩҽеҪ֡ﵱһܲˡ
ʵˣ¶֮׷ɱ;ĩ·һϢ֮ʣ仧Ҳƽĸһӳ졣ָ֮ѩ֮ҵѯʲôҪ󣿡
˵ƽϲֹͺãȵصһСׯӣҳ֮Уûлܻ֮ǳϦȡ
ǰıڣȫţֻΪ˱ѡ
ҪȻ԰ԪƷϵΪôһԪ߰ƷļһڣЩ壬עض飬¸ʼգ벻Ҳû취顣
ɷ֮ٺЦš
ҹƽ̬ȣڵӣֵЧңҶЦ۾һ
ǵġɷ֮ЩЦ˵˵ǡϸӲ߲ȼͰݣǲĴڣ԰Դѹûʲô£ȻҲûʲô¶ֵĻ᣻ׯҲֻԼһͨĽˣһ޴ȥ֮ҳ϶Ȼ˶ѡ
԰ңҲһԺͷͷ޵úܡ
֣ΪȻ֪֮֮꣬ľΪľ֣һΪмֵУѵҶЦʵ
ˣ֮ǰйһսֻ˵ʵڲ֮䣬ʹɱ֣ಫ޷ֳʤƽճƽǴӰ֪ҵ֣Ϊ൱ˣʵ־˰ɣɷ֮Ȼ
Ҳ˵Ǵ˽ûнĸֵܣҶЦζ
ǡɷ֮ҪȻôὫӵߡʵӵʣƽ԰̬ϾͿɼһߡ
ɷ֮ﻰЩˬġ
֮ǰǿúӶԼά׺񣬿Ǳߵİǵļˡ
˱˵ȻӣŴ飿
ߣ˭Ӳã
ڴ취ҶЦ
ҶЦ˵ͻȻɫһ
ռ춯
ֻǲ֪Ƕ˻ǽӥˣ
ɷ֮Ǳ߻ϲͻȻ䡭

ɷ֮Ŀţǰһ̻һҶЦͷͻȻһֻëѩ׿ɰСС
һ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾Լ
˵Ĺɿɰ
Ǽ֮ϲ֮


30 
סɷ֮Բ۾ӣĳһֻôɰè䣿
ҶЦʶظɿһӼͷץḧŪ
ɰ
㾹Ȼ˵ɰ
ðɣӱϿȷǵĺܿɰѵõʵӡ֤
νŮͨԵĴɱ
ֻء
ҪǼ̺ɣµʱ򣬾Ͳ֪᲻Сɰ뷨أ
ҡҡβͣ۾ɻźɷ֮ȻǺܲ⡣
˴Ǹոշðɣ
ôǰһȴǶôĹش־أ
ⲻϺ
˼ĻڡһΪǱҪ߳һ㰡߳൱Ķడ
ôģ
Ϊʲôᷢʲôأ
ֱ̫̫죬̫ã̫;ˣ
ϣǲλѹġ
ǣ˾ôأ
ǺɷԼˡҶЦĶԴʽĽܵ
˾ȴڸ֪ǰƵԼˣҪŴ
Ծһذ̧ͷźɷ֮һСצһӣһϹͻأȵںɷ֮
漴ͷǰϧԼצӣžҲĳˡ
ҶЦ˶һۣЩ졣
ıλļһؾȻҲͼˣ
ǡɷ֮ڵǰҲһһֻèȻ͸
᲻̫Իһ
̬˵ĳﾹȻҲǱ̬ô
ץһȴʱһ
ǡʲôɷ֮һ
ɷ֮ԪߣȻֻɢޣʶޣԻԪܵĸӦԪ죬˼˳ԾȻΪ£֪֮ڣ̾Ī£
ֻɷ֮ȻһöССʯͷֻͨɫһ뵲εΪۡ
ҶЦ״ȴֱɵۡ
ʲôûģˣ˼ϡ
ָֻŽ˼ƺǾ̫鷳ɴƨһڣôֱӻؿռˡ
ŶϺڰһʯͷʵʯͷΪʯͷȫŨɡʱ֮Ϊмô
ҶЦһԺߵԼ֪ǲǺĽ͡
ʵҶЦ˿̵һƬġ
ΪղʵǡҩɽĿأץһС飬У洦ɼôôء
ҶЦܹ
Ȳ˵һﾹȻȻȥˣ˿ʲôΡ
Ҹղʾôˣ˵ϺԼˣզּܰĿʯͷ˼ȻֵǮֵǮ˵Ҳ˵洦ɼĻɫЧÿ֪
⡭ѵǴ˵еĺϾ𣿲ģһǴ˵ƷϾ
ɷ֮ͨ죬עӿһɫСʯͷָͷ󣬵ȴƺ̺ĿԪܡ
ɷ֮ĸܵɫʯ̺ԼǧĵԪҪҪ
ԼǾεתת˲֪ٴεľ
ôһССʯͷǰȻʧɫ
ôɫʯͷǴ˵֮еĺϾʲô
쳾ʢľŴʯ֮У̫ԪףȻֵ˺ϾٴԪԼоʯ
ԪоʯֱΪľˮԪŨɣаҶЦĽ𾧣֮һ龧ãʤ
Խϵɣ˿Ըר޽Թ帨֮ãԶƷṩԴһռ֮ԿԲ𾧵ĸԭҲԴڴˣռ޷ֽֽͬʱȻȻĲĽԪܣ𾧱˳֮¡
֮ǰҶЦ۸Ԥڣ׼һ𾧵ͷϾ˿̵ĽռУд֮⣬ѻĿ쳣ӴĽ𾧣
ļֵȻûбҪý𾧣ȴҲʧȥ˽ֵ;
ҶЦȻ֪𾧵ʵ壬ɷ֮ȴ֪ģĸ߼ɫҲֻ˵δӵУ
龧֮ϵĺϾഫ˺ɵɫʯǵЧԶʤ龧һǺϾԣԳ䵱κԷߵԴͬʱҲһйߣ
ٸ˵ֻýоʯԪ޷ƥ䣬кϾ֣ЧܻҪ𾧣˵˵ã
ߵ̫Ԫֻڴ˵УЧΪΣΪ֪˵жأö֪


31 Ͼ
ɷ֮ǿɫʯȷʵǺϾȻһСϾָͷСֻҪɷܹ֮ȫȡԭԪƷн׵Ϊٿн۷塣
һ൱˵Ľ
źϾɷֻ֮֮࣬úɬӣʯͷҲ
ŰɡҶЦСһ㵽⣬Ȼϡﻹеģ飬ʵǰСһˣģƽʱúܣǿˣŸ㡣
СһˣģҶˣ
ɷ֮档
ôصĶ۵Ļʹ棬Ҳδж٣ڹүȻèˣģ
ɷ֮оԼˣȻʹŵˡ
ˣÿβźãʮΰ˴ҲӶడ

£ȻܲǸ
ҶЦ˳óһ飬˸ոհ䣬侪ϾȻҲǴ󼤶һ¡
״ͺɷ֮вͬɷ֮ǰǰͻһ¥ЧУδǰȴﵽ൱߶ȣֻƳĹϵΪ˻ȥѡ
ǰֻѭ·һ飬ֻҪ㣬ǽȣȻǿݵöࡣ
ϾΪԼһٻظԪƷΡ
һظԪƷΪʹ޽ҲСϺˡ

չ˺£ҶЦصԼ䣬žͽ˿ռ֮УһѾ;סβɷʵϾ
ֲ⧲رҽУĸСצӻ裬Ȼĳ˷߿úܡ
ɫʯҩɽ㣿ҶЦʡ
ȥܿһɽ
ɽи
ܶⶫ
ⶫܶࣿ
Ʋɽǣ
ǲǷôοķˣѼˡ
±״̬ҶЦĿͣʶһɣȫĶʵʵˤڵϣʱˤһβͬһ㵹۾ŭС
Ҳ̫ñ˰ɣ
ҶЦ˼ѾѸתԳҩɽ
ԭĳƣ޷ĵ㣬һΣȫ͵һ
漴ҶЦͱԼһиˣ
ˡ
Ŀ滨ݣĿϾӡ
ŵرӦоУҶൽƣʤ
жᵽһɽҶЦֱɽǸڶĶڶȥ

֮ҶЦڴɽ߳ˡ
ȴڿռ˰졣
ΪеԼòԻʧˣ̫Υˡ
ЩҪԼ׾٣練ơǡôԴôƾնѻӵһ㿪ʼͲоϲϲ½ﲻ
˵㣬ǽһ㵤ҩҪҩȫ뱸ûȱĿܡ
󣬼˵߲㣬ǻһʲô󡣡
϶иԴ߼ĵرʲϡ
Щô£ֻ˵Ǹʲô˵˭ôû¸ɣôԴֻã͸Ҳûô͵İɣ
˭ôĴ󷽣
ԷȻһĴߡλֻһ˱µģˣ
ȻһеΪôʲôĿģ
ò˵ҶЦᵱǱҩɽ֮еӴʴŵˡ
֮ǰҩɽռǻᣬҶЦȻ֪ԼһӵȫҩɽҲ뵽˻дѴѵԴУϵĿռʱ򲻿δӵ뵱ӵʼ
ȴǡӵˣֱӴԼˣ
ֱۣ
ֳԼֱӸ̫߳ˣ
ռŵرҲˣǱ׼ģôĺϾȴҪһ
˵ǴǶ﷢˺Ͼ
ҶЦȥֻ֮˲ʱ䣬ȷһ£ʲôǶ﷢˺Ͼ
ôɽͶǣ
һǧɸߵĴɽȫɺϾɵģ
֮ǸǺϾɽ
ֱҶЦ±ˣ
һֱڣԴκġ

Ͼɷ֮䶼ѡͬʹ÷һ˩סԼؿڣǹһʯ׹
Ͼ˵еĳƷഫԵôƷ֮ˣԴ˷ʽʱȻȻ߳صãθԼԭʡ
һֱ꣬ʵ̫˷ˡ
˶á
ڵоʯƷȻЧܸӡǸǱô
ߣôܹ˷ѵǰزͷ˿ȥ˺ô
ǰһĻҶЦҲֻйŹֵ̾ϢһҲߣţϡȱһ㣬ԲôԼķʽĲôʹúòá
Чʵķʽʹðɣﻹһɽء
ĻҶЦ˰죬ûֱ˵


32 峿Լս
ΪΪԼλƷȻ˵еţعƣҶЦ˷˿ɷ֮ҲǲҶЦһɾʯɽֻ˵
ɷ֮ʲôҶЦʺɷ֮
⣬ʵҶЦҲȤ
Դʶɷ֮ʹû˵ԼıʹѾȷ˴ϵɷ֮ԴǾڲᣬ·ɻڡ
ȴɷ֮ѵõĺ˵ǸеûֻһţҺɷҲã繫һϺҲУٸʵ˼𣿣
ԵͷʵҾ˵ıкˣ֪ǲģԲдһʣ
ˣ
ҶЦԲͱЦڡ
ֱ֣̫ˣˣˣ
ְ
俴źܵѧģû뵽ôῪЦЦ
㡭ɷ֮ͨ죬ŭ𣺡䣡ǿڻûָھҪһս
죺к˰̫ˣһǾǸأ
ɷ֮һ˴󡭡ɶı飬Ķߡ
ѵõЦ
զأҶЦ߹ܰԵʵ
ҲûʲôǺˣľǺɷ֮ıһӽ͵
ۣ
ҶЦʱһڲˮ춼ǡ
źɷ֮ͦȴȴݵݣòʿȴһӣЦ⡭Ȼкˣ
ഫеʣպڣ滹λֳȴ޳㣬ҪŮˣǡֵĻŮӻûȺӳֱȡˣϺڳСӣӴʧøϺȡ֣˵飬Ҳһ
ŮˡҶЦЦöۡ
ѹֺɷ֮˵Լ֣ԭȻһʣεΪţ̾Ϊֹ
ԼĶģʹǻҶЦԼҲ򲻻˵ġ
ˡŶǺɷ֮Լͨҧгݣ䣬ָˣһҪһսӲѾģ
һңһָˣұ֤ÿοҶܵĺԶΪҴƨɣ
ҶЦĹЦ
ôĹ£벻ֻ¶ǲеģ

յ峿ܿˡ
ͳȥˣΪһȫİףڻע⡣
ԣ̵ʽɺˡɷ֮ƽˡ
⣬ô꽭޾⣬ԸѾĥԲڳԲʲô©
ҶЦ£ȫġܸɴһԸʮҡ
򣡡
Բעķʽ򣡡
ӵʮңȻνᣬǮԣԳ
ҶЦͺɷ֮ǳǶȥ
Ͼ컹иԼᡣ
Ǹƽ仧ү
ֻ˵ĿƽƽǸ

⡣
һؾĻ磬Ȼվ¡
ԲԶλүһ͹ʯͷϣһļ͡
ôûˬԼ˰ɣ
ƽ״ؽһòݰһڽ˺飺ΪǴһҺƣǾôۡ
վţԲһԡ
֮ͻȻһ䣺ʵ˼һĿľҪһܣȻ׬һ𣿡
ƽⲻǷϻôҪΪһңڽ糿ô
ͷ۾
۾ʲôĲˣƽ˵ҿɸ˵ϰףҵ˵֮꣬Ϊ֮աԼ˵ģǴͷβûбȹ㡭˵ˣһôôĲˣڰôһų˭ĻҿɶˣǸʲôɷ֮ΪǿֻҪ㲻ˮʤĸߣҪȻһһҵע𣿡
̾˿
һҲ˵ˡ
ƽ߷ߵĽĲݸˤڵϣԼҵĻܶ˦ɫˣҼҵģҼҵģסҼҵģҪԵĲǺġ
ԶСڵ𽥱
ҶЦɷ֮ڵ
ˣһΪǲأƽһԾһʱ䣬ȻЩ˷ܣˣдǮ𣿡
ҶЦһô䣿ҴǮǮأ
ƽЦѵүһʲɣ
ҶЦͷƺȫ޷һ㣬ӳһڵϣȴŻһ졣
ƽ״ϲǰ⿪ǰʱһϹϹۡ
һҡ
һһö١
Ѿ˶ıóĶıڷһ˭Ӯˣ˭ֱҡҶЦ˵
ʲôıƽһЦӴӦģǸӣʲôңǱʤģСӣһңˡ


33 
ҶЦƽ˵˼ʤδ֣ƾʲô˵ע͹ˣƾ𣿡
ƽЦ·𿴰׳һҶЦΪүҪĵ˼
ͻȻһƫͷһ֣״ϣɵУ
ûӣȻжԼǰȻʤȯգܻҪóıȻսĳʼһĲ
ƽתͷŰ˵ʲô˵ϣʲôǮҵ𣿣
óĶıһҡ֣˼ҵĶעѾóˣܲĶעóνԸķ䣬˫עԵȣﻹжľֳԣʲôģ
ƽ˻˭ҪǶģҪǣ㶮һңﻹһң
ûУԭûУҶЦ̾˿Ҳ˵һʼʹҪǵ⣿ô˵ô
ƽЦһȻ
ҶЦͷʹûеĹİҵĺɷĶ֣ս£ɴûо˵ǰսֻΪһҡ
һңƽɴ۾һĿҶЦȻôĿһټĿоȻֻ
ҶЦֵ㻹ûлشҵĻˣֿûУ
ƽٺһЦĶԻУжϳ˫ǿŶûУƾʲô㣿
ȴ룬ǰսˡֻҪܵõһңҲֵõġ
иһأҶЦ׷ʡ
ûһһƽ֡
ٶһ䣬֪֪ºɷ֮ǸʲôΪ𣿡ҶЦʵа֪ʲôλ𣿾˵ƶ
ƽͷ˵ҹʲôΪֻҪ֪ǿ͹ˣү㣬ϣɵǣ
ϵһ
ƽ״ؿһۣͻȻŭĥʲôأ㻹ԥʲôôȥɱˣûҵҪʲôҵһԣȣס㼸ʮ꣬Ҳ֪㣬㻹ûУ
ɫȻһ̾˿ãΣҰ㡣
ȴȥ⡣
ʵȥ⣬Ѿ˺ܾá
ÿһζþ֮󣬻Ǿ
Ǹ֪ж֮ˣ֮ʼǾ֮
ˮ̵֮ӿȪԱοǾ֮
ʹһΣʹǴ˿̣Ծԥ
߲ߣ
֮ҪҪȥ˵һȻٸȥ
ⷴƽȻŭʵ⻰ʲô˼ʲôңʲôǿЦ㽫ԼλʲôλˣȻ˵ң㣡㶮𣿡
ô㣬ôɽ㲻֪ô
ƽĻͻȻϡ
ЩңʵĨɱ֪֪ô־ȹһŵٴΣ˵¶ı
Ҫڷҳ㣬ȶգôף
ҸӲȻ߲ȼͰݣȴ֮ʱһЩܽӴĸ߽ߣʮʼհȻ򣿣
ԼһҹսʮΪǴƬѣҹɱɱ֡
Щû֪
ԼˣԵͬû֪
ĳ߾Ȼգȴֻһūŵĳν
֣ڱУְɡɫɬȴǳս
УȻһѩ׵ذס
ذ
ഫذһĽƳɣƥ
ѡֵ𣿡ҶЦ̲סʵ
ûлش
ͺɷҶԪƷʵڲ֮䣬ԸһߣʤһಫսȻܾˣߣܾΪһˣֵô
Ȼ˵ȴǽ
𽥵ҶЦЩھε˵Ǹˡ
ƽ˼ȴȫȻûעҶЦĻȫעץһңأϴĲϴߴ٣ְְ죬ɱǣɱǣЩҾͶҵˣһ˵ˡ
ҶЦͻȻ̾һǹȴ᲻úɷҲգȻˣһұ͸ɣ
˵꣬ҶЦкһźɷ֮תߡ


34 ˭ӣ
״ʱסˡ
εĶעɲһСĿһң
һҵļֵжأܶܶ࣬ʹɷ֮ԪɢޣһҲ׬֣֮ǰɷ֮ϲǧöңȴѾԾңһĿֵ壬֪
ͬʱһҲǾ޴ĲƸͬɱУ
һ;ɱκһԪнߵ
ɲƽǵȵӵܣβʶԣҶЦԺķһңԳԺɷ֮Ĺػ֮⣬ζţһ顣
߻ζţһ֮⣬óһһңңƽ˼ΪۣѬģûʶ⣬ȴǰľʹѾȥ⣬ȴԸŵ
һӶȥҶЦǰ۾˵ʲô˼һټƸôҪˣ㣬ɷ֮սηս̰Ĺܸɵó
ƽǿн֣ǮսζҪеΣ֮ʹҶЦףҲ˵ҶЦĲǣǰȴ֣ʹǰҶЦսأҪɷ֮һսðΣܾܾķգҲҪսԼЧһҶЦûйߣ
ҶЦһЦһֵʲôҪˣϺڱսģһǿõġ
˵ƹǰߡ
ٶסˣĶԼսȣ˼ʴҲûսҲδսǾôװͳȥһң𣿡
ҶЦؿŰ˵ΪǸӣĪ˵һңһöҲǲֵõġ˵ΪϺڣԪ߹߾ȪĪ˵һңٶĿҲֵˡ
֪ΪʲôҪһս˼վͳˣҲº׷£Ǿ仰һҺգ
˿ؾ֮ӿȪ౨ôһңΣ
ҶЦһЦᡭϣڡ
˵գ漴Ʈ𣬰֮УѾԶ
֣ڡɷ֮ǽԺһ֣ͷʾ⣬㼴׷ҶЦȥ
ӳ׵סˡ
ɷԼ˼ŵº׷£Ǿһ׷ݷȣۡ
˵߾ߣ˿ˮľٶĵĽ֮ģм֮⡭
ɷ֮Ϊʲôôã
ҡ
ԷԼˣң͸Լ͸ƽ
ɷ֮ΪԼ֮䣬λȸ߻ֹȣʵȴƽҪߵĶࡣ
ԿԼɷ֮ս֮Уնɱƽ
ȴûС
һӡ
ֻΪ
ȻԷû˵֪ܵôܲ飿
УǸƽȫ̶һˣ׵׵ıӡ
òƾֻÿͷҶЦ仰Ȼȫˡ
ʲô˼ƽȻŭʲô˼ηսսеˣ
ĿؿҶЦ˽ŵӰɷֳ֮˻˽ԺӰԼȫпİȻĿ⡭
һ־߱ҵһ׷Ŀ֮󣬲ŻеοĿ⡣
УһĨ֡
ãŵĮĻشʲôʲô˼õ˴Ѵѵңѵ㣿˵ԼҪ˼ҸϾɱ
󣬸ɴ׳գ㾹Ȼڻûзָղɱƾңһҡҡ׹СңȻдѵĽɢִжӸղŲϧðΣգɷ֮սŻǹӵһԳŵΪһôõõô
ƽأԷߺ޲ݣŭǸļһǾȻôңȴôмӡ˲ɵ˰ɣһңȻôˣҾȻ֪һССȻôӡ
۾һᷳ߰ɡ
ߣӣӡƽȴͻȻ£ǲӣô󣿡
Ϊʲôһƽֹ
üͷضƽһۣүղŶûɷ֮˵ĻһսǺɷ֮ʵΪʹһЩ˴ԴͬһϣһȥಫĹؼʱ̣Է㲻ʤ㹻İսһ·
ƽһң۾ȫ˷뼤ܾˣ˵ײʤ𣿡
һסˡ
Ȼƽ˵Ҳص㲻ʤǴսսòã
ܾͬȪòã
Ǯۿ֪ϧԼļһҶЦΪ˺ɷ֮ôһľٶ
ͻȻоһı


35 鵤
СԭֻЩ΢Ľʼɣ˼ʾǴ
ҶЦ̬ȺˣҲҵƽҵ˲ν֮档
ԼλӡȴȻǸģ
ҰݺὭ£ȻΪţ
£жԱȡ
ƽ԰Ȼ಻ϰϰ׵Ľţ̬Ծǿ𾴡ȴȻӡ

һ·޻˻صҡ
ʶסңԪΪҪҸ£֪̽ڵһжȴ׾٣Ϊѵġ
ʵϣʶѾһϰԶάϵֻ̫θҵ鷢ˣ
εʶ֪̽ƽͬƽʱȻҲʶȫȴһر˵˽˽죬ȴĵҸӵĶ
ؾôǮ
Ӯģһľ֣ʤһ
ˣ
ٺ١
ᵽǳԼսɰսĶĶ
ԣ
Ӯˣ
ǰ
š⵹ʧΪһǮ֮
ڼ飬ڿϲͬѬģͬĲصΣ
ΪԸӸеΪԼе

飬ԺǲҪϰ׵УϰʵʼδףҶԣһƣԺǵҪһЩĵ룬Ҫάֱϵأһѵ㼸䣬Ӹǵϡ
ǵĵ֪ˣӣֲټ⡣
ôˣҾȻû뵽һУ룬֮ǰٺƾְ

Ϻޱ飬ֻ۾ϣƣ롣
ԭԼЩĸǰԼԼŪԼ

Ȼվ˴ǰ
һӰͻأĴ⡣
Ŀ⸴ӵر仯һ£⣬Ľ
Ǻɷ֮
ҽȥɷ֮΢Ц
һЦһ֣ŻȻ
ɷ֮ȫԥһ˽漴ֽŹ
۾ǲʲôôصģ
£ӽԪ߶ûУۺɷ֮Լ˵ʲô͵ڸôأҲơ
֣֪쿴ү㶯֣ߵôɷ֮˵
ĳڴ˺̣Ĭ˵
ɷ֮ȴûͣ̾һֱ֣ڲ֪ôȻѣ鲻ԡ
Ŀһ£˵
Ȼɷ֮䲻͵ĽͣҪ˵˰£
ɼ鲻ʼԼ£ǹұսڻȥ·ϣӳ̾һ˵ϧ˰һ嵨ӡʱҲѯʸԭί˵ʵ֣֮ɡɷ֮˵Ȼͣûм˵ȥ
𡣻Ȼ̧ͷضźɷ֮
Ҽҹ˵ǰо綾ƾΪʱѹƣȴֹֻʣѹԽãʱԽǳ֣֮ͬʤֻһߣ˴˶ƱҪȫԸȻսֻҪӣѹƶɣⶾķѾȡ
˵֪״ȴڹ˼һΪ֮ʱ֮⣬йߣִһսλף֮ԻΪһЧ֮ãֻΪǾ֮ȻΪ˽Լֻ֮ǰٿǷκ˵ģԲǼ˵ĻԱ𵱳֮Թ˶
һ԰ףȫްѪɫ
˵Ǹúӣ壬Ѿˣܽύ£ΪһЩ֮ǵĲˡԣߡ˵ʧһңһλʿôҲֵõġ
ɷ֮˵
ɫ԰֮ͻͻȻͨ죬Ĭһ£Ҷлҹӣ⣬ܱв֮ʱ
ɷ֮һЦ⻰˵ľû˼һ֧±ȥˣ㲻ʲôҼҹûʧϣֺαظŵ
Цʧ뻨Ǯ£ѵ֪
죬ܹͬҹµˣʵǲġ
ɷýˣҸ˵ﻰҺĽ㣬ܼ㡣ҡӣ롭һͬš
ɷ֮ЦΪҽǰֻΪ˸˵ҼҹӶôôǺǣҽմҪΪó⡣
ԻȻһĿ¶⣬ѿ˵ǡ֮߻֮׿˵Ķ
ɷ֮һЦܲˣ˵˲㣬ȿΪöɣ
˵һһöССƿȻУ漴ƿƿǡ


36 ߻֮
ƿ򿪣һ߲ϼȫ׵سƿƬ֮䣬ƿϷγһɫ뵣һֵԶ˲ʱӡ
һ̣֮˽ǿƳ߲뵣Ӧ˵ǳ֮еǿžӨ͸ĵҩ
ŵҩֵ󣬾Ȼ߲ʵƣ
ǵ񵤣Ŀʱֱˡ
ɷ֮ЦһȫȻһоڲеĵ͵ں
߳īߺڣȻϺڸҶЦû죬ҶЦһЩëѾʼǱĬӰϺڣϺԭһͦboyɺתīһīˮ˵
ֽǵҩǿŵҩ뵣һƣʹ֮ϣԵɫͷף鶯
ڽӴ鵤ͬʱһɼˬĸоʹ˴塣
⡭⾹ǵ߻صһò嶼
Լе߻֮ΪԵ涾ں쳾춾һʮԻɳǱ֮ڣжӵʥԪƷΪ˹֮⻹һʹʥƷϼĽⶾܽԡ
ʥԪƷΪʥƷĽⶾڰ˵ңɼ
ΪԼһѾϣֻܹԹ壬ȴû뵽Ȼʱ򿴵˵Ƽⶾʥҩ߻ص
߻صų򶾿ǡ
ʹֻõμ߻صѾʥƷⶾҩԼϵ߻֮
һŵμ߻ص쳾ȴ鵤һме֣
Щ۷嵤ʦһ֮УҲδܳһ¯ĳƷ鵤
Ϊ鵤˱֮⣬ҪԵ
Ϊѵãһ֣ȻҲһءȻԼҲ÷ãοۣǾԲܵ飡
ڵ֮ϵĵ֮ϵĵƣӾƷ鵤
üֵĸݣֻ˵Ƽ߻صֵ
˿̣ʶҶЦȫȻûнһҿڷϵ̬λƷ񵤶͸һ棬ҷжԵˣһҺգ
Ĵ󸻺쳾죬м
Ȼ֪ʱǨѣ֮ǰλ󸻺һɬͷܵĿˣ
ֻڴ˵еλñͷԼǰһֺܲʵڵĲʵо
ŵҩȻκͬΡ
ԣԹĺӣǾôδЩϧˡŵҩҹȻõ꣬ȴʼûóѵô˵͸ⶾɣﾡãɷ֮۾Цһ仰Ҿ͵ܶȣⲻͰ͵ظˡ
٣һƬ죬иһƬ⡣
ãͻȻһ࣬ν޹»Ҳ֪ҪҰʲôǡҪĳΪЧ
ɷ֮ԹЦ漴ĸҲ̫Сˣ۽磬߻صֵΣֵʲô˴֪ͺãô˵ʵʵ̣Ҽҹӵһ⣡
ֻ֮ǰҼҹӵҲ뵽˼Ҽҹӵǰɻ󣬾͸ҿ˲˿ϧ˶ѡ
˵ʵҼҹ㣬ͷдѷʹҩֶΣɱ᲻̫ˣ˵ֵۼߣʼգӿģֻƷ޹أĲҪ̫ˣ
ӲΪв㣬Ҳмô˼ôŵҩ;ǣڹС
ɷ֮һЦ֣һ䣬ŵҩҪΪߣ߳ߣܲõزǺѰɣ
һаͷ
ɷ֮˵ĲĵҩԪƷȻʥƷΪĸ֣Ҳʲô¡
Ƽĵҩļֵ
һ㣬Ĩɱ
ɷ֮Ȱػһ֣ҩ͵ϽѶٽ飬˼ʲôǹҼҹӵһ⣬ĳɣʹ˸ˡ
˵գתſڡ
֣Ҽֲݺ⣬ֵΣ
ɷ֮ٺһЦҩ㣬þˡҼҹͳҩĳԣֻҪȻһ˳֮˵޹Ժ˴ԾΪУҲˡ飬㴦ӵٵ£ҩѾġ޹ء
˵գɷ֮ӰѾƮ˳ȥȴһ仰洫˻ǰ䣬Ҽҹ˵ġ䣬ԼӵģӶˣ㻹ӡ
ЦУɷ֮ӰѾߵӰ١
ֻеƼ߻صԾڰ˸貵Ĺɫʡ
񼤵Īһʱ侹סˡ
Ժ˴ԾΪУҲˣ
塢ĺӣѾ̫ˡ
㲻Ѿˣܽύ£ΪһЩ֮ǵĲˡ
ʧһңһλʿôҲֵõġ
ѵô˵͸ⶾɣﾡã
վţֻоԼУѾˣηġ


37 ҷ
ô꣬ô˽ԼôԼôԼԼøԴ
ֻһ֮Եȴܵߵغ֮
ҰεºܡһԳƬ̣ȴ¶ģǿŴԼĵ߻ص˳ԼĹ
ǹﶼһƬƣˡ
ȫУҲܹó⣬λƷ޼֮
Ĳǡ񵤣ô͸ˣ
Ϊ˲壬Թʼգ
̲סԷӴ飬вĽ֮ɫ૵ӣӣǸʲôأ

ܶԷﵽǸʲôˣֻǴΪֹ·룬ӣ壬ݣأ⣬ܹɴ¡ֵͶЧˣ
졣
ۿȥʱѾȲ˽ϰףҸղж£
ͻȻ۾һֱȴ˰ϵĵ񵤡
ʹʶǳԾɱ񵤵ķת˲㼤⡭⡭ʲô
ͻǰһ֮ɫǴӰŵ񵤡
ĿȻһȴûƾܷһ˼˼ĿŶԷԼнߣûκη
⡭ѵǴ˵еλƷ񵤣Ȼû뵽Լ֮ǰӶƣƽ˰ߵĶ֮ǰ⿴ƺйζէ֣Ͻһ⾹Ȼôһö
⵱ǡƷʵĵ񵤡⡭Ǻѷꡢֵǵıﰡ˼Ȼ˵ˡ
ȷʵǵƼ߻ص
˵Ҫƶٷ쳾Ķأǰֶҩδؿȫ֮⣬Ķ˲ŵҩ֮Խ߻صŵ֮󣬲ԽⶾԵߴαĶҩϮߴαԲŽ߻ص
ʵϣ˺쳾춾ǰֶҩһ߻صȻȫȻҲѹ൱һʱ䣬Ϊ˵鵤ƼƷ߻ص졭㹻֧ŵжҵӦĽҩֻҵܹƽҩˡ
˵޼֮˵仰ʱ򣬿ܸӡ
Ƽ߻ص¶֮ɫ֣૵ԭıϰףǿɷˡ
ˣͻȻŹĿʵ͸ɭȻ
԰ɲǷ𣡡Ѿ񣺡ϰף֪ǿԻȡľ޴ƸֻҪǽ鵤ȥ㼫пۣҹƣûа֮ңΣҲʮҵ棬ǰʢ֤ŵ鵤ļֵ񲻸ʤǼ
ɫԾɹŹ쳣ĵͷţĻɽ۸ǾԵͲ˵ģȷʵһӴ֡
ڵõʾ޴Ƹ֮ҵĲҳһԾǰʮϣͨ죬㵸ڷҳǣйڣκԣǰȫģҪˣ졣
ֻҪлأȻӴĲƸļ߽ߣʥ֣Ҳпģ
ʱգҵʵһ͵ǰδеĸ߶ȡ
һԻ͵δΪŵ𣡡
Խ˵Խ˷ܣͫ׶ЩŴˣϰףһοΪ˴ˡ
Ϊ˴ˣɫԽ
ǰǰЦε𣬾ϰӹΰϰףδΣҾ㡣Ӳ㣬һգİ֮
𣿡һֺܹŹֵ˵ûŵҩҾûˣһɥ̡
˵ʲô˵жˣԳһעŰ֮࣬ʶ߬Լ֣߬˵񵤣°鵤ȥһ㡣
߬ý֣һƽ˹˵綾ѰⶾҩȫȻã߻صǱҾģûŵҩһϵʱ䣬ꡣ
ʱ˺һɫ䣬Ǿ
ĵٿȻڲϵιɬ˵ϰסҲ˵㻹лأʱپҩǿ취ȴδһҪ˷ѵŵ񵤡Ҫ֪ĻᣬɵãһɾҲûˡ


38 ףһ
ĿǼ˼ǣ
˵ϰף֪ôŵҩҡĺҪ
˵ǡŵҩҵģǱ͸Ҿġ
ϰףҵĻĶ񲻾ҵĶϰסô꣬Ҷ㲻Ҫҡ
ҵĶҵĶ
૵ĵͲŵ˵һ䣬漴⻰˵õҲҪǼȣĳ桭ô鵤͸ҾҲ֮еġֻ˶ˡ
Ծһ񣬻ϰģ֮һᾡȫ߾ȫΪѰⶾҩ㵱˶ⲻ⣬ҺԶλʹûкãҽٴη¶ģֻҪһ죬ܱ֤ϰǰ𲻶ϣ
ٶȹŹֵЦЦ
һ̣Ѿ֪Լһʲôоˡ
Ļ䣬ظǵȻˮ
ղŻ˵ҪѰҩȻžλǰʲôĶ˵˳
Զ׼˼ҸûҪΪԼѴȥѰҽⶾҩ
Ϊŵ
ʵڴӺþúþ֮ǰʹˡ
ɲǽ֪Լо綾ģ
ôˣûмжʲô
ǰԼŪԼҼҵǳǵҵףİԼѰҩҲͽͣѰҩŬѰҩտ˵׻ʼȻ
죬Ȼӡ
ںԼ
ߡ
Ȼһ֮ǰûжͷǸǲԼأԼƽֳʵֻ÷ûչֳʵԼĴΪˣȷʵҪԶ໤֮ϣԼҸУԼһûʲôʵȴװʮҹҵӣ
ѰҩҩĳŵֻǸƨ
ʲôλƣǾûܵ顣
˵ˣˣҪô𹩷ʲô
ͷˣ
̾˿ͷĿȻеĵ񵤡
ʱغһ¶֮⣬Ȼڵģᡣ
ǡһҪȥϣνĻʱƣ˵
һϰףҪӳ顭Ҿµģô᲻أֻǰ鵤ôõʵ̫˷ˣǻʱôǿ跨
۾ͷ˵ˣ㡣
ǾͺãǾͺãϲһת˾޴ţϰףǸϿɵúһףһ°
Ŀâһã
εϸ㲻𡭡ЩΣϰףֵܰ
ûµģػ͸õȡġɫϵƽ
ɫӸղſʼһֱƽ
ȻѾȲȰһ飬ϹȾơϰףϲӣֵܿɵһݣ飡
ͷӦõģӦõġ
ɴشҴȥˡ
ŶԷʼս߬ŵȥıӰƽ¶һ˿Ц
ҵҪ㻹ܽöôνĻǷҵǰܣ
ʹ۾
ԭҾһ߱ѱ˼֪ʱȴƫƫҪǿͷҾ޶ˣڱУֻһԻȵĻӣ
Ұ治һˣû߻صˡӴ˲ҡҲҰעûҪû㿪սΪ㵱Ԯ־ҶڡʹάҶٴΣҲֻΪ㵱µ򣬽ʱգΪҵĵ˶㵱µһ㡣
ڿʼŹ͸ҵĵ뿪һ̿ʼ֮䣬Ѿ˴޿ǷӽԺ󣬾ֻǷҵģҲǷһһ
ǧҪҪֵ̫ˡ˵ҪҸʹĵˣǧҪ
κ˳ܻŵһѾˣÿжŸɫ²ȣм̳ƣȻ׼Ϊġ
ϰףֵһݣ飡
˵üɫ衣

ܿͺˣܲ
ʲôûУֻһһĺȾƣһڽһڵĳԲˡ
ɫһֱƽƺûκβԾĵطûʲô
ƺԽϲˣϵľٱơ


39 һǻȳѪ
ȵúˬ룬硭жûôһȾˣ
һ˿ֵɫ˷ϲ¾ˬҲǺˬֵܣǸˡһ˵ģǵʶ㡣
˼ѾýסˣͷҲǡ
һͷ֪ǲǶеӾԽشϻأԺǺǴЦȻ
ֵܡ㡭ôˣôҪӵ𣿣ͷŰէȻһ˿Ŀ⣬ԺǺǴЦ㡭ǺȶҲûȶٰѵ˲ˣ
ڵֻЦӾһƬǣ૵⡭ˡҵľôˡôף
˵űֳŵأҪվȴֲֻôǲþȻŲԼ̱ӡ
Ц˹ֵܣˣǲҰҡ߹ȥ
ǺЦӭȴش£ɡȻĺȴˡ
ЦǰϣͻȻ͵ֱӣһ
״һŬһ
ۣ
һĶ̽ûظ֮䡣
Ѫ漴
Ѷ̽Ȼǰ͸룬ִӺ󱳴Щ⡣
ǰͨ
Զ׼ľɱһþȫ
ǰͷͬһͷĹţŰǰɣ壡
ΪΪʲôֻƺͻȻץס̴ŵĽѪ罦˳
壬ǰƣϵˣںһײǽϣһ죬Ļҳ
۾ضƺڵȴԷһ𰸡
ǵȲ𰸣Ŀһ㣡
شΣδʹ֣סֶ֣һĴӣһ£һݣ󻼣һ̧ͷ۾ʹϣ֪Ϊһ漴ЦϰףǧҪҡҲΪǧҵɹ֮·Ҫġ
ϰףҵģ
ȻܾԼĵ񵤶㣬Լȫҡ㡭ΪλҪˡұ㡭úݵģ
ЦΪңûôԥ͸ңҲҪɱ㡭ǿƷ񵤣ҼΪҳǵĴ󸻺ʲôӵĸ벻ϰף뵽ΪߵöˡҼҵλ̫ߣ̫󡭡ָνԴǣôҸþͺ͸֣Ǿͺ㣿
ͺ㣬ʧ֮ģͺ˺ߣֻᱻ˵壡
ȻܱǸľһǸȻҪìܣΨһѡ㡭ˣϰףԲסˡĺˣÿһ괺ҶΪ㡭ǰܲһٻһ㼫߰١
еȪұ֤һǱߣһ̵ġ
һϰף㰲ȥɣ˶ԼáڶǰѾˣҾ㣬͵ٻҰɣ
Ѫʹ˵ҡΪβܶˡ
ƣЩĽ͵棬һǧ㣬黹׼ܵһźãŲ⡭㡭
Ȼ̾˿ϰףΪҸһ㡭Ҳöɱ㡭ô죿ǲǣҪҵһġ
ʱƽѾһһɱ˵ףūŻʲôϽ˽ҹζࡣ
ūšǺǺǡʹЦ
һϰף·ɣ
˸ŴĿĺ⣬͵䣡
Ȼ
ͻȻ˺ĸѾ죬ĺٶȺȻ죡
졣
Ѿǽϣһ̾Ȼ֪ΪʲôѾ˷˳ȥɣ
ԴѪĽŹԴǰȻ룬ȴ£Ӽٺˣ˲ʱѾѳ̽ǣһǰ
һֻ֣ǰʱ͵̧
һͬȻžһ֮࣬ѽƽ۶ϣһתֽƽԼһһֻֿסƽĲӡ
ҪۼҸΪѾǰȣ˲ӾȻ˶Էգ㲻ΪʲôһĵĻûü˵꣬ĿһէȻһʱƽĲŤˡ
û˿ԥ
һ߳ƽʬߵ÷Գ˹塣
˼һĳϧѾɥʧ
Ǳߣɫعƽͬһˮûа㲨
ڿһץһģȻһɫ漴ͱĵ÷飡
ˣȫ֪Ǹʲô
ֹΪİôʵ˲ʱתƣɱھͶ֮䣬ִʲôζʲô
㲻֪ҸղʲôɣЦԼ½˲ȾѪ˫̧֣԰ֽղһɫӵꡣƣݣ仰ĳЩʱǲȷģһڸõʱ򣬻ȶҪһŻʧ˼䣬ֻأתΪˡ
ӵ걻ˣҲνעٲ
˵֪ʲôҪôɺܼ򵥣ҪˣûнֻصĻᣡ
û˵ĴڣһĪ£
ԣ̫˶ˡ
ǰ䣬ǿֲȫ֪˰ˣһ˫ֻŵ۾ŶԷΪʲôΪʲô㡭
㲻ΪʲôûбǧԵ𣿡¶һҵ΢Цֻ˵ûжɱģֻҪûнɱҵͷжֻת뿪ǿŵҲֻ
ΪĳֵزʼĨɱȹʵҲ顣
ӾѾһˣһãҵ͸㡭ʹ˵ΪʲôһҪɱأΪʲôҪôݣô
Ϊʲô
۾Ǳ˵ؿôңΪʲô
ɫףͻȻһ
ɱ㣡˿̵һͷŭʨӣͷɢѩ׵¶˵ɲ
ǰѽƺǴҵڣܣôɱһȫķˣȫ֪˵ʵΪΪΣ
һֱˣǶ໥д裬ֻΪҵΪ߳һߡҸ㡭
¶ڽÿд裬ֻһʵΪһЩղסֽС
Ϊڲ֮䡭ٺһЦӦ֪֮ľ롭˾ô࣡
ǳΪȻ֪߽߿ʱƶҪ٣һȷʵҵ˹ᴩ˺Ȼû˼ڵһҪЩѪģǣЩѪĲʲôбԾеľɱֻ֮֮һЦ
ľơǧ㡭ҸӲӰ졭Ҳ˵ҵıΪԿֶأֻǱ߻֮Էɶ
ٺһЦ߻֮κεĶҩ׳Լʶϸأ㲻᲻֪ɣֻϧͲ֪еľ綾߻֮жټã˵ҪΪѰҽҩȴûʹҵʲô
ʹɫŨںʹ࣬ʹĲҪɱ㣬ǡɱԼľˣ
ҰһأǷˣǷµģҶٱ
ֻϧҽ߾ܵĳǧ򱶵ĳ㣬㻹㣡
ˣ
Υģ鸺壡
ʹ˵лл㣬лл㵱ҵ
δ䣬ٶͻȻֱͦͬԨsţųžһĳžһ࣬ڲܵͷ
԰Ϊһƶ
ۣ
˲ʱֱһ̣Դһ͸˵ϱ͵һһʹķѣ
һɫ΢ɲȻ
һ˿ȴ۾һֻ
һ֮࣬ʹ˷飬ɢ
±Ӻ˶˵ĻᡭҲˡһƬѪ֮Ȼվһᣬ漴̤˳ȥ
طûа
һ̣鷿
鷿һֻȫĹӣղرĵط
۾Ҳգһ£ȥһץӲӵʱץһ߻صոմݳѾ֮ץУ˳ԼС
Ұһ·ôѡ񣿡
һ£ͻȻɷ֮λӡ
Ƿȸ߻Ĺӡ
ȻΪУҲˡ
ͣ˽⡣
һ£૵˭òҵ
һ̣һĳڸ߿һ֮󣬾ʹټ
һֻװǮƵӣһҴԺˤ䣬棬ľһͥԺ
Ժˣɡ

һߣںɷ֮ǰѰҰʱ̸С
Ѿָɷɵ䣬жȣϸѾûа֮ǰǸؤӰӡ
̸ųжȲ̬ȣȻ̸ж൱ѹ
̸£ҪôǶѹ磬Ҫôѹ磬һռϷģ
ҶЦϵլԺԭֵܻᡣ
ڿɹѡطѡʱ򣬾ҪֵܻĵƤ
ôѡɺܼ򵥣ȴ֣ܳȣԭֵܻլԺȫϤȻߡΣ֮ǰմֵܻôǮֵܻ˴˼ʿ϶Ҳע⣬Щ䱦˾˭һҵԴͷڣǲ٣ҲκζĴ㣬ֻȷ䱦֮󻹻Ὣֵܻᣬֵܻ˵Ѿһʾ޴棡
ĵ߹ȻҶЦȻһ߾ֵֵܻᣡ
£Ӫҵֻ¶Ȳһĳ棡
еأ˭㲻
ǣǴֵܻйլԺܹϤ͵һ͵ķ롣
νһºڡ
ֵܻ˾벻Լ˸մôǮתͷʹﹺլԺ
˼ƣԭΪԼҪҶЦ˵ҶЦһˣΪ֮İо
ҶЦʲôˣ͵õ޼˫洫ῴ͸кô
ȻôɣôҾ͸ɴһɵģһر֤ȫ
䣬ֵܻһλҳǷǢ̸򷿲Ƥ֮¡
ϾιķƤΪɹۣ漰ʮҵľ޶漰ȴĿĽף쳾죬ֳĿ
Գ棬޷İ塣
ԲиɻķȣֵΪۣ˵̸й˵ҲͶġȻǣ۸ʱԾǵ۾á
ֵ۾ִ״̬ҲάƬ̣Ȼֻ£̸һ绨ѩ£Ȼٽ۸ȥȻĹȥ˾ٳһܡ
˶뽫󻯣εĽףȻγܶʼĹȦ̸жԣֻǳ̬Ϊ֡
䱥飬ʼղ꣬ӣٳٰʮεҲûϵ
ȻԷλȴĿʼЩ
̸⣬˭ȼ꣬ͱ׼·磬̬ʼб

ҶЦȻڷϸź쳾ȫͼԼֲ˵
ԽԽǾã쳾֮Ĺϵ۸ӣȮͬһҲƣ
ôôһʱ䶼ûаͷ
ͷʹ֮ʣͻȻ洫һ죬ƺն֮˼£漴һ߳ȣԶԶ
ҶЦǰʵԴͷ֣쳣졪ߣ
ȻȴǼѸԶ롭
ҶЦڵǰʲһ¡
ҳֹսô
ỹ˸ڷҳ£
⡭˵ĵòҲ̫˰ɡ
ҶЦһδ䣬һŭ𣺡˭ڷҳҰ
һŭ̺֮ҶЦǵҲоһҲԸеЩͷĿѣ
ȻһŭȣȻרԸʶǷ
һͨ˶ԣȫ壬ΪͨʶǳܵӰ켸ԺԲƣΪԽߣʶԽǿߣէȻһϺӰȴԽģ
ܹһߣعҲʥԪһƷϵΪ
λƫƧķҳǣȻ˸
һ̣һصǿѹȻӸ߿ֱ䣡
˲ʱ˲ҳǡ
ͬʱҲƵѹ
ҳǹٷξȻһԳĴʥ֣ѹѹƣĴ
ҶЦһ֮£ɴߵǰƿӣԶԶ
Ҫʥֳ֣Ǻεֱкε硣
ĿԶڳһƬҳǽΪһϺȣѻȵȻ
һɹǿݺȥͬ޵ϸѰųÿһ䣬Ȼߡ
ҶЦ߲Ÿոƿӣֻûһգ۵ĹͻȻ䡪
һԴȻֻ۾˸š˵ıǼⶼײһ


40 Ҵү𡭡
ʱҶЦ˶͵סˡ
Ȼû뵽ȻͻȻðһͷ
һǼеģҲ١ҽȥ㡭ôġ
·ʽ򵥴ֱȫȻҶЦȻֱʹǿԼԴסҶЦǿƴ뷿֮С
漴һƨڵϣ괭૵ôġҳǣȻۻʳǻҪ䱸ɭϣ
ҶЦϸףʱĿɿڴ
⡭⡭
ⲻ֮ǰ﹫ӴҵǸ
Ǹʲôţ
𽣣
ꣿ
ذҹҵķôɶɶĲȺðɣ
ղòԴš
ҶЦ۾ЩӶ񺮵صעûнڲٵļһ
⡭ôòЩΣհ
괭ϢԶųһ漴һֺҶЦذϣͷҶЦһȫȻ̬ЦЦҴϢϢСӣӦòɣ
ɣ
ҶЦЩ
ôܲأ
һˣҹҵķ䣬Ȼңһڲͬҹҹ㣬ڲ⣬鲻⣿
УһԶԼģ
㲻ҲͲˣʹ⣬Ҳû⡣
֮ܶҾǳԶˣҪռķ䣬Ĵ
ҶЦǿǣͷ֮ˣһ漴ͽԴ˴˰С
գ״һһҪסҶЦ죬ٶȾѡţǵǰĻ״еɶ˵
ҶЦٶȳϵȫƾĳסԼ죬ֻһ˫עĳˡ
һţУ뺦ô
ҶЦգգۣ
ɿ֣ȴѾҶЦղһӾһ亹
Ǳԣԭ㱻˿ҹĳӷ䣬ҪӴ󺰺ȣ״ҲᱻϣǹؼʱڣҳǵİѾ붯ҳǣȫڼܵļ֮£κεطᱻʱ˲ʱһʾ
ǵҵһۿ꣬ôҹ¼Ԫ׾ûˡղŵƬսѾ¶˲ݡ
Բ˼ʸҶ˿ҲղžǿдҶЦ
һԴҶΪǰᣬɸҶЦûɶֱ𣬴ҶԵȣ˶ѣ˭ҲŪ˭
ҶЦռϷ磬ҶЦǿģȻϷʵǼһ̬ߵˣԴ󷢵ĻһùĿ϶ҶЦ⣬ϾԲΪ㶨ҶЦǾǾͶ㣬ָһӼĵ£
ǣ˵Ҹղɶ㲻£ҲҪռˣ޴ȥˡһѡ״ܱԼɢ޷ưǰĴܣСӾȻһҲ£ԹԾͷֹȻҷʵʩˣ
תһ룬ʱȻһֲʶ˭͸ղŵ״
־֪η
ҶЦĵƾʲôҪһ㣿Ϊ˲ôȡ᣿ղɣҸ
ǳ鴤һ¡
ȻʵԼԶԣпԡ
ͻȻ߳ŭݺݵ˵ƾʲôƾСھţΪ߾˲ӾҪȡᣡôˣŲھŪ㣡
ĳ֪ԼߣɴУҪģΪϣв֮䣬֮ǿƱҶЦͷ
ҶЦԺһҺú°Ҿ
˵գٶͻأذԴ
ʱ겻壬ٶҲȷʵԶҶЦ֮ϣĳ˿˲ٶס죬ӱ
ӽĵʲôùôôһصͷࣿ
Ҫ
ҶЦһִ֣̽Լϰôղ˵ˣӦǡСŲŶԣΪʲô˲ڻҪɱȡᣬӵ°ɣ˵ŲűŪ㣡
ģ»ѲžžģϬ
͵һģ㶵صļһ
ôģ
ӵţҪȡ᣿Ūӣ
һֻԪƷСϺףȻҲԲѣ
תһ룬ھ죬Ҫһġ
ҪһԼټ̾͵ñ¶ҳУԼСȻŵģת۵֮£òƻţ
ҶЦһղžǸһ棬ûжõҪҸղжºôΧŹǱֱ󡭡
¡
СڣղɤȻû̫ĶҲѾע˺òãҪ
ڵҳǣûһ˸ٶĶҿ϶ΪڰϵһĵȻ󡭡ΧŹֱǿܣһ
ʱ˽ѣܾϵεز
˵Ƿҳǣ㻻κһأ۵Ļʳ棬ҽҶЦɱȻԼ취ڱСвȡ
ҳ֮Уȴ϶ϲУ
ΪԲκ飬Բκε飻ֻҪɱ˴ܣץס˾һ
⣡
ôҳǵĳаȫƽΧһֱ쳾һ
СӣвȺЧǷ֪ҪôĻһ᲻ᱻΧŹֱҲãעˣұ֤ĵһ˲䣬ɥҵУҪɱ㣬ӻӡ˵ԣͬҲҵšҵȴδһ䡣
Ϊţʹ¶ԾһϣӵóȥǰȴǰϣҲûС𣿡ҶЦ侲ķ
Ȼ֪ͺã֤ⲻвȣʵ
˵вȾͲвˣ˴вȣҲʵҶЦĿһֳ̱һ˿ǰδеķ
Ѫ˿ƺ
ʱĳ˵ľٶһ
ҲݣòҲû˵ɶ˵úƽľ˵вˣɶӣвǱвȣһ˴̼ģۿžҪЪ˹ıˣ
⡭СôôĲأ
ҶЦⷬܲ˴̼ĲȻǿֳģҶүʣС粨϶ǲҪҪڲǿǰȡöԵȣλȴҲΨƿȻһ·
ȷҳǹٷǱߵĽ䱸ȥԼСڶԷһ֮ˡ
̫ɲԼȥġ
ȣԼмݣҲ֪ⳡʵס
ڲ˵Ѿʮĸˡ
к֮һϵײʵʵͷͷܽӴҶЦʣǻԼĻҲһҪɱԷڵģ췢ĺ˵
رˣҪȡһҪռ
ڲǿǰһץסԼ
СҪɶ꾪㵵ĿҶЦԽԽɫ
Ҫɶ˵ҪɶҶЦˣŭȵôģܹˣ
һôʶĸоƱǿʱצӣѹҲһ˥˵ҸղҲû˵ɶҲ˵вô㡭ɶܺú˵㡭С
ҶЦžһϣӿɽĳŭ㻹˵û˵ɶҵСţû˵ɶôžôţҪȡ᣿ȡɶɶ㻹ܱ֤ǰ棬ִʵ˵ˣ㻹˵ɶ㲻ҪŪôզأСΪɶҪСƫҪأ
˵˵ɶˣҶЦڵıʡ
경ˣ۾ؿŴ⣬ΨػߴתҸղʵ˵侲һҪ侲ǧ𷸺Ϳ
侲ˣҺͿôˣѵúͿҾҪͿҶЦһ
ˣ񼸺ǰˣ𡭡ǧ嶯
ҾҪ嶯ҪͿ侲ˣôΰɣҶЦƿǰȫѹԷһָ޼ɵָıӣžžĵĲԴϣһһʣ㣬֮£ҵģûɣ
ͷûûҵĲԡ
ҶǽˣνĨɱģΪСϺףж֪ܹߵ죬ղôڰСҪȡᣬǺð˵ðҶЦƽһƸʤ
ʶĺһһ˿ϣǣе±Ǽѵģ˺οΪˣҵĲԣҲôſôĿڲԡ
ڵĲĵ׾ֻһͷޣһ롣
ôֻ˸һĵطСӿҾͽˣȻ㷢һӴǲ¼Ȩô
뵽ȻôһӲβĹ⡭
֮Ϊ۵λߵʤ̭ǿʳ򣬾ȻȫȻʧЧˣȻҼҵϣôġôķҳǣ˭аôĲۣȻƫƫײ
ҿడ࣡
һһӵͷƤˡ
ģҳǹٷִԱ϶ѭġ
㲻һ°
ҪЩִԱڱô۸
찡ذѵҲ
С㾭ĥѣѶաĵһϣֻ޿ˡҶЦŭģĭĽò׵˷ҳǣ⴦칫ϵĺƽ֮أһ԰ȶˣ˯ĵڣȻһˣ
˵ҲͰˣôһСҪȡᣬʲô͸ʲôҶЦ״㴷أͲˣ˵ô˭˭ˣ˭˭ˣ˵
걻ͷĭһھ֮Ȼ
ǰ˼Һúڷ˯û˭û˭
óȻһ˴룬Ǹ߸ϣɱĿ˭Ҫʹ죬ԼʹǴߣȴҲĨɱģ۾˵Ϲ£Լòˡ
¶ǸɶȿȿȡǱĺˡ
˵ˣһɤӣñ졭˵仰ȨûˡҶЦʤ׷Ҫ˵Ҫ˵㣬Żоô͡
Ծָٺһɥ侲侲ǧ벻ǵĺںͷء
侲ͷӼĹȥɣ˭ǣ˵ܴ㣬һһٱ飡ҶЦһȣѾӣƽӱƻһ·ɣͶɱҰɣɱҰɱңҶȻŪ㣡
ǧҪ嶯Ҳɱ㡭Ҳɱ㻹𣿡ǱǱίȫĵز
㲻ɱ£㲻ɱһҪеģͶҶЦһ㲻Ǻţô㲻˵ҿ϶ǰ棿㲻˵δؾðʵӡ֤˵춯ɱҰעģˣˣ㻹ڵʲô
Ҫˡ
ͷʮͷձڶÿһͷնˮķĸо
̫࣬ˣ
ҵôôء
ȻһײԼֻǶʧȥʧĹ⡭
ػ֣սˣβˣĺˣǺǺǺǣ㶯ǣǿ϶Ҫеģ
ҶЦ˵һתһ޷һ޻ƣӡ
үһԾǰסҶЦĴȣ˾ʹһˤڵϣˮ⡢صүǴүҴҴҴ֪֪ˣ⻹𡭡
˵źܣɥĲ޳ԴʣȴһҲ֪˭ҾҶҲ֪ʼȱסС˵ʸ˵
ģֻΣȥˣתߣ뿪ҳƵطⱲӶˣ
˭뵽ҳǾȻľô⡣
ڷҳǻôһ⣡


41 Σգ߳ŭ
оԼù͸ˡ
Լһս𣬲ȻҪֲȱ˵ﾹкҹ̶뵽Ÿռϲ־ڱصãͱһǸô﹫Ӹ˺ü¡
Լһûյ
ȻԼĸ﹫ùѪͷԼûȡվʵ
֮ǰ֤ݵǰңѾԼı
ˣֺαȡֵڽֺë֮ͭϵʱ
ǷҳеǮʵ̫ˣҲûǮ
Ϲ𣬺ëͭʧ֣ʧǳڸĴ𣬻ԼֱӾû˾ƵþͲҪײǽˡ
ԼӲˣҲͰˡ
û뵽Ѿȡ﹫ǱߣԲĵԼ鷳Ҳ֪ļ֣Ȼ˷ҳǵĽԼչΧ׷½أƫƫһΪ൱ɹۡ
һһԼȻǲµģֻҪͬʱԼͱذɣһΧŹ״̬Լֻ߶
Լмڴˣһ·أʲȻɢԷ֣׼ʱһʩ֣ͼ˽Էһˣ߽ԷΧս
Լ뷨ãսҲãȻһشԷ֣ȴҲ֮սֻһ룻ҳȺذʱ˳
һȣؿ
ƽĶۣԼҲδؾǼİһҳЩǿƱس֣ԼվֻڳϷɵĲҵ³
ߣһɳ֮İƣȻЩǿѾעߡ
ǹƣòĵ㺮
֮£Ҹطܱܷͷ
˵ǣ﹫ӷͬڷҳôҰҲͬŲ·ȥˡ
ͬǻŲ·ĶܣԷûѰȻԼôôùһңҵǰ壡
һһƢ
ôģôͲļ﹫ӵϣؾƫƫײˡ
ӿǡѰˡ
үҪҰɣ
Ȼܼĵ治ЩеŮ潵°
ҶЦţŴſңٲſңҾҪˡ
ҲţҲţ
ҽˣˣ
УڱС
ɶ˵ɶҶЦĻͷʵ
һҪľ᣺˵ڡ˰ɣڡ۱ˡ
Ȼʱšಡһ¾Ʒ𡪡
ɷ֮ǡûжæϹ
ȴܴɺܴɵؿǰ棺ҶЦڵŬǰλ𽭺ϴͷ𽣲һѱһıסҶЦȣһһڵĽźš
ɷ֮ɱˣȫ˽⵱ǰ״ܽһ˼֡
ɵƣɷ֮˵
ò˵ȳ棬ʵ̫ˣ̫
Ҫټϣ⻭̫òƶҿˣ
걧ҶЦȣתͷҲһˡ
˭õҹʱ֣Ȼһ˴
ҡòǡ˿Լ𾪣𺳣òƾϵԼġ
ȿȡҶЦϽӵвЩģɷ֮Ŀ治ʱ
ӣɾͱøˡ
Ҳ֪ʱѾվһƬͨ죬۵ȴһ˿߳ŭһϢϽɢ
֮ǰС֪ԼݣԼװͰСҲװˣΣȥԼȫˣԶ˵Ҳǻˡ
ڣʱ˿̡ȴѾٲһˡ
۾ҶЦֿɷ֮һɱƲסҲƵð˳
ҶЦ¶ȻһԤ׶Ȼ
ӣѾˡɷ֮ҲǹԾ֮ˣ˼˲ת֮£β֪ԼֵʱԣѾ˲淴֮ԼŨɱ
ںɷ֮ȴֲ֪ô죬ֻ仰һҶЦ
ҶЦԵĵ˵ͷţòûˣȥϢȥɡ
ǡɷ֮ӦһҪתѾתȻʷᣬֺαż뿪°ɣ
ڶˣʱһ˵ȫԣȫ֮ʱ򣬲Ϸ˼״̬ʾ֮ʱȴһ߸ϣŭ̬ơ
ƽƽһ仰˵֮ģȴһݺµơ
ɷֻ֮оһȻ˿ˡ
𿴺ɷ֮ԪߣڲǰȴȫɱҶЦ͹ˣɱɷ֮϶ԾɿԸ㶨


42 ұڰɣ
ҶЦתȻ꣬һף˼𣿡
Ȼתͷб⾪Ĺʣ㾹֪˭
ҶЦһЦʩʩȻ߻ϰȻȻ֪˭ڣҾֳµӢ˾۵ף
غǺЦСӣԭ㲻ɵ󵨣ǵĴҾȣ֪˭ôµ֣Ѿɹˣ
ҶЦٺһЦΪ֪㣬кӦ䣡ѵΪ֪㣬͸ô
һҪ˵ҶЦٶѸٵĿǰ״ԾɣԼһһ״ʼδģ˵֪δؾͺҪ
֮ǰ֪ݣȴּ֪бһݰڵϣҸҪⱾ
ҶЦЦôͷɱŻ˭˭뵽˿ôһ棬ƱزŹǡȻҶǻẦɱЦ
Ȼһ㶡
ǰǷ֪ҵݲӰ쵱ǰƣ
ԼеĹ˼ɹȻһ㣬ǰ˵ȴǺޱ仯
׿ȫ˼ɣʵԼѣ
˵ˣԾɻǸղŵξ棬δ˿ת
ڣһжŵϣԼӲˡ
ΪС˵Ȼ֪Լݣô͸֪ԼˣζҪɱڣôΪβԼͬھأ
⵱˭ʵ
ô¼һɺ룬ƳȫڵʻԼӲľ֮СԭѾ˫ӵתأ˴װͿϷһ㽫Σȹȥȴ򲻿ˡ
һ
״üͷ
Ҫ˵ˡҲа
ϻôġ
СҲˣٻӦ䣬թٳв⵱ǰֵķ˵ɣβ˫Ӯؾ߼ˣ߾Ȫ˰죬ٰ޼ƣȻϡ
ԷûѡƣǾͱʾлᡣֻǲ֪ǰ֣ܽȴ벻ȫķʽ
Լϳŵ׷£Էô
ʣʹԼ佫ϣڶԷ֮ϣƴһͬھ
Сթ֮а취û취Ȼһ¾ƣһʱ䣬ҲǺõġ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦ꣬𽣣ԭ߷壻Ԫǧɽˣڶؽ֮ˣʦգճɽ֮ʱȴӴȾߣˣɥⳡͻĶ֮С
߷ΪлԼˣմһҲ֮գŽָΪꡣⲽ֮˱ԴϣԴص㷴֣ܵǴӴ˲壬ʵϣǰһԼˣܹһ˼ֻϣĳֻԵܹ˸ػӶ˴ꡣ
ҲʱΪ𽣣𡣴ֻ֮Ҫʣˣ⣡
ҶЦһһֵĵϣڳ
һЩ֪˻࣬ʼд⣬ܹ֪Ҳϡ档
ҶЦͷȴ굱뿪ԼʱϼϲûᵽǶ뿪Ǵһ뿪ģҵĲ²⣬һǴһЩһ뿪ġ
ɫһζԡ
һʹߣȴδȫȫ⡣ؼҵʱ߱ڣʱ㣬뻹δġ
ʾԳɣ׬ȡôӴĲƸݼΧ֮ԼôˣΪûлϰ׬ȡǮƣȥˣ
ҶЦĮңңעŲ꣺ۺЩϣһ󵨵Ĳ²⡭׬ȡǮƣ˷ѵǮƣӦǻˡĳһصĵطصĵطػˣֻߡӵ¡
Ҳֻо߱˵ģп޴ʱԾɿԿסԼ
ҶЦ˵沽ȴǲסˡ
ˣˣ
ǰСһ˵ģȻʵȫѾܽӽʵˣ൱һ׼ȷġ
ֵܻǻᣬ˶Ϊ̧ܾٶҪ﹫ӣʵһʼҲƵ뷨ֱóһ̣ҷ֣㾹ȻǵҪȡֽ֮һ˶֪ɱȺëͭ󣬿ԾóۼҲҪӾ룬ȷʵҪȡκһɰɣ
ǺһĵСؾҶĻ׳桭
ôɶ֪
ԴΪѲ²ǰұѾȫҡҶЦóȫҾۣҲ˳Ӿʤ㣬߼ˣ֮һȻغĳΪӵ£ֻ˵Ǽ¶ӰԶӰʵĶ£ϵĻɣҲ𽣡
ȱҪضͣǲ޸ľʵۿۣͶսò߶սҪñȴбãͺҹãҲͲ䵽ҪСϺ̸ĵز˰ɣô˵ô
۾˼ʾһҪĳ嶯ĺÿҶЦӿһӵιģôܹԼ˼յ˾ȷֺ
֪ļ2.0汾ֻ汾Ѿй˽ҶЦȫ̶ϤкѣΪ粽꣬еҪ𣬲ϧ׳ȫң϶Ϊ
ߣͶѣһֲ͡£ҶЦѾ˾ǳһع飬ҶЦԾɻԾΪѡϾҶЦͨ飬Ӧֵ֮
Ҳƣ޸֮Ϊѡһױʵϣ粽ĴܣʵɣǿЦ˵˵ҹǲԾã֮ǰͻϮĿֺֹǽԷشȻһ𣬴Ҳûкô鷳£
Ͼ˵ʵһеĴǰᣡ
ҶЦϾҵƲ⣬Ŀǰʵȫ״̬㣬ػȫػȺ˵˼Բе𣬿ϧԸΥ﹫ӵĽ룬վʧ֮ۡţ֮ǰ֮Ի᲻󲻹ܵĸҾĿĹȻϧиȴʧȴҲͬȺ֧ԴͷȫƲûе׼ȷ׼ȷ
ˮΪԼܴԶϤһУ
ҵȻܴҶЦͬЦǲͲȥ¶˼ֻݵ£ĴĻѾ˺ܾ˰ɣһʼͶɱģڵ㣬ôô֮ǰ֣ίߣ˽֣һδ֮졭
һ㻹²⵽ʲôȻѾ˵ˣͲ˵ɣ
ҶЦһ²⵽𽣳˴⡣
귭˸ۣ²֮ǰĲ²ʲôͬ𣿻˵Ѿǭ¿һ˵ʷȥһֱ˵һֱ˵
ҶЦҡͷˣҪ˵Ĳ²ĺ֮ʾ鱨ɢ޷ưǰʱֻԪƷ۷塣ֻƾĹԼһЩ֪ŵռǸλãòȡɵĳɷּࡣ
ҶЦͷһ飬Ǵǡǰ顣
ߣһҲϧıĿ
ҶЦڽУɢ޷ưûļ¼ҿ㵱ûнĻ𽣾Ͳ𻵡
ΪڳԽԪޣʥʱٻһ֮սΨƾе֮ս֮и򵽵ĳľʵͻơ
Ϊƿ֮ΪѰͻƣȻҹһǿĶ֣ȫһս
Ȼ֪ԼսĶ˭Կ϶ǣһۣɡ㵹Щ֤дԼʮʱ䣬ʧ쳾ټġ
ҶЦĿŲ꣬˵ҪŷϣЩҸݸ񵥶ļϣȫ֮ƶϳݣд
Ҿ֪Щư񵥶Ȼỵ£СҲǶ£ûһΪôо񵥸Ĳҵ޺޵˵һ
ҵôǲҵڵҲѾһˣ㲻ҵǾҼҵɣҶЦЦ
ʹ㿴ΣҾͲ㻹֪飡޺޵
ʵǰ˿ѭ浱Ȼһۣ硭û˵Դͻơǰ£ʹΪһսˡ˵ĻҲһòʮ꣬ʮ֮С
ʮˣڣǰСһĲ²⣬ѾǾȣһŨŨļɵ֮⡣
Ƕʱ䣬Ķڴ𽣰ɣоǣһսĸΪһͻͽڡҶЦ˵
곹ⶼܲµó治ǳʱ͵͵Կô
֮⣬һȷ£һǡ㲢û޸𽣣ڶΪʮ֮УֹǰһΪʥԪƷ
ҶЦܣ
ĲȻ̧ͷҶЦ񣬳˴ԼɵŨɱ
ȻԼܣ
Կ϶£Լ֮⣬κˣ֪
Ծûеڶ˻֪
Сһô֪ġѲɾ
ԣ֣ЩȴҲԲ
αôȣҸղᵽһнѭֻҪ׷Դ˸࣬գ룬ɹˣͲôǰҳǣӲỨôĴȥչ𡣡
ҶЦΪϱ̫࣬ҪǿʵΪƣ򲻵ѣô˵ĻǮʽȻˣܹɵǰ״ԭ򣬵һ𽣵ĴѾΪƾܴ֮ѴＫޣ޽أڶڵһأıѾڵΪã˱֮־óֵ©
𽣲ƾ˱һĴ֮߻ǿأֻ²ᣬķֻ䲻ȴ޷սǸԷӳӦܡţȲ߼ˣΪڵ𽣣ǵʥԪƷѾ쵽˷ֱĵزɣһȫ߶𽣣ͻ飿Ǿ仰һܹϵ󣬶𽣣һΪϵҲļС᲻á
Ҫ޸𽣡
ʧˡҪĶʧۣ֮
ΪûǮû㹻Ǯƣ
Ϊͬ־ڱصõ﹫Ӷŭ֪ëͭ𣬿󣬽񳯴ҲҲڷŭ֮࣬о
˿һֱ̼ϷŪ﹫ӣʵ򷴶﹫Ѳǿ󣬺ıҪ֮׼ȷһ˵˶дֻΪ֮߼˶ѣļΪΪһµĶ֣﹫ӣǸͣ˶˵ĸĪ⣬񡣡
ڵǰ״ԭǲֵһ£ʻˣϵıʣ÷ҳǵĻ߳¼ԴͷһͻأսһսĵˣȻ㣻һȻ﹫֮ˡ
һγûдﵽļȶĿ꣬һΪѲĵˣԼһǰδе鷳
ҶЦĿ⿴Ų꣬ƫƫֲľԲŶ㵽ɺϣּɺϡ
۾ԽԽҼȻͨọ̈̄ڷҳǵⱳ֮£ҵȻ޿֣Ȼ޿֣һлҷӡ
ҶЦЦЦһ㶴Ϥọ̈̄ҪĹһΪ˱֮ģԣҸղŲŻôΪҰյһص㣬ǣ㾹һ̰֮ˡ˵ҸӲȥɡԣڣղŵľٶ֪ҲĸжԾɲðգ㻹ǻֹң㻹ңĵľͷҡ
ҶЦĿŲ꣺ȻˣҺʲôǴ˼ʽһжŵϣӦô˵ңҸһ·߲ǣ
Ȼϡ
ղأŨɱڶԷһƪƪ۵ġ²⡱֮УһĥڣѾȻ޴档
ˣ˼ʸһֻ©Ƥ
û뵽ϣȻܹһ˿ʼĩݵȵز̾Ϊֹһ̾䣬˻ֻһˡ
ǳģóϷ
һϵġһΣˣ㻹ǻɱڣԲԣҶЦЦе˵
ǵȻһѡҲɱ㣬ˣ㣬ɡ
Ϊǰ©ࣿҲµܣǲ֮ȣô˵Ļһɳ֣ҵĻҲһҶЦʵ
׾ͺãһ͵˵˻ϣֶβôʲôյյ㻹Ϊǵģ
⻰˵õ̹ϡҶЦΣͷмڴˣҵĵһѡ񣬻˵ǰѡǳ߱£˳ػǰʰ㣬Ȼ˷ȻҷȴܿᣬңҸǲң
ɫȻɬȷʵѡ񣬷ʹһʱһƽͣҹ֮ȴΰǱضҪɱģԴУƴͬھҿ⣡ңҲŹһһ
ΪΪ֪ΪУҲ״̬ɣҶЦǺЦ
ʱ˿̣㾹ЦóûʲôˣԸ£ȴҪһ֣ղ治ַ֪ܽƣ£ϧˣ˵̬Ȼį
ֳ̬ȣȴҲ˵ڼľģҶЦ᲻ʾҳǻ֣֮ҶЦˣ۲ܷӳҳǹٷ׷ҲãҶЦעһ߾Ȫ
ҶЦݵȻ㲻һĨɱģʵˣҵ̬ȻôϿңøһᡣ
һ˵Ҫɱ㣬Ѵ֮Ҫʲô᣿ܹõرĻֻʣһ˲Ҫˣ
ȻᣡҶЦָͷʱϵԽöԽ㲻᲻֪ɣϹҹҾɵʲôҲΣȻҲ붯ֺαСˣˣ˴ͬʱ̤ϻȪ·أ
һ㶣˵⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ܷΨһرĻᣬĵȵͷȥʱ򣬱Ҹɵ
ҶЦʧЦϧҲϧĺòãҲ£ΪȡһƽճأһԵķǰ֣
һ㶣漴㼴ʶջɱԶ׼ǵкƽճķҲԸܵġ
Ͼʵȫûܹѷҳظֵ׷ɱ
һ˵㵱ǰֻҶЦĻ֮ƣʱϵԽʼջǶԲۺΣ궼ǿԽܵġ
ҶЦҲԵʵǰֵһʽҲܼ򵥣ֻҪɱҲͺôǧΪںΪȻޣҺǮҿͰңȥҳǵıһƬ֮оס
ҲףǮȻδܵģܶǮȴԵͬܣֻҪǱ⵽һӣҪﵽĿģƷ¡ʱһɱȴΪ޿κεң᲻ᷴΪħδ֪֮ϾʱҲɱҵΡ
ٶסˡ
ãĳҧг˵ݣǮȻ˲𣡡
û취İ취Ϊ˱òȻ׿֮⣬һûиõı֮ˣҶԣĲҪԼ̸ϹֱӾͿѼȥ˺òã
ҶЦ漴µڶָͷȻʽԣΪյĻԸɵΪѡҿԸһɱҵĻҿ԰Ը
һ£̧ͷҶЦԸʲôԸ
Ըǻָ𽣣ҳ˿Իָ֮⣬𽣸һΪ׼ҶЦǵȻϢȴ𺳵
ĺһӳ
۾ҶЦľɣвš
֮Իỳɣеţǲӵлָ𽣵֪ΪʲôǮôҶЦɺֵܻ֮ܵеõġҵķңͨȡģ
۾ʱɵԲ㣿㣿
ίʵңҶЦǺһЦҼȻбŪһ𣬵ȻҲл㵽ڶǷжԣʹأȴ£Ĩɱ˵ˣԼǾΪ
ҶЦгĿŲ֮꣬УּᶨͬʯһģֱϹӶó
סˣ֪ɶӣ귢㶵ĴǴ֮ڣǰδС
ôԸĬһ£ʵ
ҶЦʼ˵ϲ˵ʼɷ֮Уһֱһֵɫ
ݣԼӡ
ɷ֮Ŀ⣬Ҳ𽥵ı仯
ҶЦտʼ˵ʱ򣬺ɷ֮ŲĿŵεģȥɣȥɣֻҪȥǾͰȫˡ
ҶЦ˵һʱ򣬺ɷ֮һľͷŻص˶ŲĿǣְȫȹˣһÿ°
ǰɱ¶ۼƾֵһ˲ɷ֮ķΧУôܣӵ޵еģ˵˭˭⣬ôͱأѵˣ
ڵҶЦ˵ԸƵʱ򣬺ɷ֮ŲĿͱһ˷ܡܡ
һ֡ӵԾ޵еģҲû⣬һϾҪӺǵˣƱѾͳȥﻹա
ʡôԸ仰ʱ򣬺ɷ֮ŲĿѾˣȫǿԼ˵Ŀ⣺ţԼһˡϴԺɵ
ҪԸܼ򵥣ҪһݱϡһȱһڡҶЦĿŲ꣬ܿе˵ͨ£ҷҾȻûаȫС
㡭һָԼıӣһָӲţŵĿ˵㡭Сӡ㡭ֻԪƷǳΪȻҪ𽣲ıڣȷûзôȷû⣿
ۿһܵ˾޴裬ﱩףЪ˹


43 ҶѪҲ죡
ҶЦȴ㣬бۿôʲô⻰˵Ҳ̫ˣΪֻԪƷʵǳҲҪڣһݰȫУҪѾΪһҪʲôڣ
ҶЦܾĿŲ꣺ڸҿЦ̧ۣ
ڸҿЦ
̧ۣ
ˡ
ԼҪ˵ĻȻӶԷôȻ˵˳Ȼ˵ôֱ׳
ƫƫԷ˵þڵе
˼ҪΪ㻹ˣﻹҪڣ
Ϊ㹻ߣṩȫУ˼ֱף˳µ飬ôԼе˼أ
оǡôѡҲΪ˰㡣ҶЦѭѭյҵˣȻҲͲҪٵһὫعȥˣȥľ޴
ҵľ޴զ˵Ҹ㣬ͲҪټɵһɱأȻеԼԴе㲻תˣ߼׵ġ
ţҪû϶һЩ飬ȫռˣ㲻Կ飬ֻҪһֱҵߣȻὫĳȥҶЦ⣺һ𽣣ưǰ쳾Ĳſҵĺ汧ҵĴȣıڣ˭֮ǰðɣҲң˳ۣȫ⡭
ͣشҶЦ˵ʡ
ۣ
ȴǱߵĺɷ֮Ҳ̲סһЦڡ
ӣʵ̫̫Եˣ˭˵ûȫռˣ㲻ԿʽɹĻȫռˣͬʱ㲻Կ
ɷ֮̾ΪֹҪǰĤˣȴ漴Ϳɱ˵Ŀ⿴˹æסĤһĳ嶯ΨмأԻһЦĶ¡
ҶЦ˵ϲҿԶһҪǸҵڵĻ㻹Ծʱһղſɶˣ㡭̵סôǲ̡
ָźɷ֮۾Ҳգһ¾ͽɷ֮ˣ춼ܳоˬġ
ɷ֮ɵۡ
ϴ㲻զأôҸˡ
֮ǰ˼Ϻڣʤˣϲһ·Ϻ𣿣
һ۲Ķźɷ֮ȻҶЦƼΪ⶯
ɷ֮ЩҪôģ˭˭ˣղŲǲСĵĿһôµʼٸߣͲңôң
оǣڿһݺǮ;Ĺأ֮ǰڽϻ췹ԣҲǽӵͣɸ񣬻߽ܱ˵ĹãٷƵĹԲԣ
ҶЦʵ
ȻȻ˵Ҳ껹мȥĴҽṴ
鳣
ҶЦһȴһ˵ػִҵıأڹҲֻǽҵĹöѣҲǮһĸ͡Ȼܹܱ˹ãΪʲôϽҵĹӶأ㵽ôģѵӽˮˣҪôͿˣ
˿ֻоӾǿǰػˮһ㡣
Է˵Ļÿһ䶼е˳£ǰ֣ϸȴƺֲô£ҲɣѵҵӾȻĽˮˣͿˡ
ϲǲʲôҾֻڶѰһõĵط̸϶ūţȾ׵ġ
ҶЦ˵㿴ôǮǰɣҲںǮǰɣ϶׬ǮԲԣⷽҾԲ㣬ҪʲôۣҸ˫ôôź㻹ͬ⣿ҪԥҪǣ
ҶЦʵ㡭ȷûɣûˮô
ʶͷȻоԼһʱȫȻ޻˵ججģʶѭŶԷĻ˵˫˫
԰˫м٣Գ磬ʹ۶ҶЦһ֣Ҿ֪ӦģȻӦ˰ɡôôܲӦءԺǾһˡ
κĵһˡ԰һҡ
ͻȻһ漴һ𣺡ʲôһˣɶʱӦģ
ҶЦüͷղŲȷ˫ͣ
ŭʻ
֪ҲŻش𰡣ҴӦĿ۰ҶЦ㵵Ҳͷһƣ㡭ѵַڣۣ
ڣۣ
оԼЩΣҴӦҷˣСôˣ
ϲģ֪㣬еİҸղѾŵ˰ָ𽣣Ҫ֪ǿҪģǿһ൱ƵĲƸ
ҶЦŲ꣺˰޸𽣣һ˫ͣйܳԹסҲ㻨һҡѾܷˣôҲڽɱǧɽˮرҪǿɣ㲻Ϊҿ˳ۣΪҲƴֲǮƣ۰˻Ӧеޣǲ
ԽҶЦ⻰ԽвԾȻҶЦ˵Ķ滰ʵ⻰òƺҲߡ԰ɣ
أҺûۣ
ҵ̬Ⱥۣ̰ᣡ
ԼôоˣԷ϶Ҳôо
ˣ
ģİûۣ붼ûôͱأ
һҹô䵽۾٣ڲپ飬ȫ޵Ĳҵزأ
ˣ˭ҿأʱ޸ˣǮҲ׬ˣ֮Ŀȫﵽˣʱ뿪Զ߸߷ɣȻᣬҲֹ뿪⻹ô
ҶЦ˶ֵ񲻿ԼලҲ˵Ļ׵ʱ˺Ͱ
Ⱥ£ȱˣǮֲգֲñֲáһٰ˾ʮáȻԥڳɻáҶЦŭѵΪһܶҶôίȫôĵ㻹㣿

䳡
ǰôԼĲԣ˼ҶѾˣԼ飬ģò˵ȥǡô;ﲻأ
ѵԼ̰Ĳ㣬Ҫ࣬
˵ɣ㵽ôֻҪ̫֣ȫӦҲǼôͿˡȻϸŲҶЦ˵ȴһԳ
ǸҲǸ˼ȷʵͦеģ治Ҫۣġ૵˵˲ŵķΧ
˵ĵȻеҶЦ㵱ҵıڣ׵˫Ӯֱ۵֣ڵΣ֣ʱôôĺôҲ㿴
ͷǣ׵ģֻȷܰһָ𽣣ҵʺ𽣵𣿣
ҶЦȻãô˵ǲңҶ⣿
šԺǸоЩ֡ҡô˸أȻռ˴ˣ׵ģ׵ġ
һ仰һվŵĺɷ֮Щ˳æƽǿסԡ
˵У˻ҪԼ˽ۣȻǰ£
ЩͲ㹼ҵƬ⡣ҶЦغɫȻѾһˣǾͲ˵һһݹӶԼǷҳǹٷ϶ģǩˣӴ˾һҲ֪Щ¾ﶼףϿˣҪһڱϵģװ
ԼȻ⼸ġ
ֻҪǩݺԼĵطұ֤ڷҳǵؽҪΥԼôȻٻߵ̶Ȼ߱Ȳ굱ǰĻҪأûʱԣΪֹ
ҶѾóԼǼƣѾҪץŲְӡˡ

Ժ󣬲㶵ϡ
ճյؿԼָͷϵһ죬ԴأԻЩѡ
ҡҸղǩԼˡ
֪ǲҪشĳ˵ǱߵĺԼһ΢ĺ⣬Է˳ȥת˲֪˺η
ԼЧˣ
԰ͻȻⲻ԰ⲻഴ൱֮£Ҵô
ҶЦۣ;ʱⵯָµָȵԼ㻹ʲôʲôʲôԵģ
⵹˵ҲǡͷʵԼǶ೤ʱ䣿һֱںԼҲǼµİɡ
Ǻǣϲ˵ѰԪ֮ĺԼǸ´ֶǶڹӶ
ҶЦЦе˵ԪСϺףںԼϱȽСң΢ôƣռһˡ
ܵظоĿ࣬СˣݺԼǼ갡
û٣ʮָ꣬һ˲䡣ҶЦЦеġ
Բۣ곹ɵˡ
⡭ôﵯָһ˲䣬ʮ걣Լ൱ˡ
ķģǮԵһ᲻ϸǹʵΣǮͲ⡣ҶЦο԰˰ɣ
ھĲǹʵòá㶼Ҫˣ֪ҵ£ҪɱڡȴΪڣһʮꡭɱ˱䱣ˣô׵飬Ȼϡ
ҶЦɫȻզĥҪɱҵأҶѾզ㻹զ㶼˵ɡҶİҵ˺㣬ȴĥҪҵǲеˡ˰ˣǵƾãҶһƬ⡭һϣҽе׼þƲˣǺȵ㣬ףǵꡭ
ҪףǳΪһˡ
ҶЦֵеǿջЦʵǷĵ׵濪ģ
һֱĿȫ̵ĺɷ֮ڶҶЦѾ˾ˡͶصĤݳ̶ˣ
̫ţˣ
ʵ̫ţˣ
ӾȻֻƾһ죬ˣˣƤӣʥԪΪĲ곹׾ͷ˱ڣǩԼһǩǩʮꡭȻۿµķÿһϸڣÿһʼĩһ㲻䣬ɷ֮ԾɾԼΡ
ôоôأ
ҶЦžƱЩоԼ¡һƭģڶǾ֮Ȼǹģ
⡭ɹƭ͵ѵԼҪֶβȥҲ߯Щ
ѰѲЩΡ
ΪʤľǺܲģüһԼеƣǰ˼⡭
զ£
鷢չ̫˰ɣ
ô͸ǰأҶۣҿ˳۰ɣٲУǡĺģġ
ʼҴ־Ǳ׷ɱзˣشһˣȡĵڣ߳սˡȻӡȻҾǰˣδ֮졭ȻȻҾͳ˼ҵıڣһʮꡭ
⡭˼£Ȼ
ˡ
ȵò٣ȴδоԼܹ飬ҾôʵطԼϣˡ
δ
ֹ֮󡭡
ڽʵһҪ顣
ˣ㶼Ѿˡҡɵɵͷʹմ
ɷֱ֮ӾЦˡ
չ²ˣԼǩˣһж϶ˣȻ֪ԼĹ˭ʲô
⡭Ҳˡ

ĳһͷ뷢԰ף˿Լ죬Цü
ۼ֤鷢ʵĿ˿ڡ
ͷãԼʹֻƾһЦͿԺֵֺܿܿػˡ
ͷϣһ塣
м䲿λ˸żɲ΢⡣
ţôôˡô£ʲôıʳˣüͷЦ֮˼ֻصʵ˶֮
һֱûжԲ֣һǶԷзıĸȤҪôչȻǱĶ֣Ҳֱӳˡ
ȴû뵽ſţȻһ˼־һתۣ
ִ˵еתҲͲ˰ɣ
֮ǰ˲ٵĴ𰸣û뵽ⷿȻᷢչľˡ
Ȼ΢Щ֮⣬ҪûֵɣΪ⡣
壬ҳ֮оֻһ飬޽У
ʱдҶЦϲ㾹ҺˣҶһЦ֡
Ҷ
ԶŴԣʱһ
Ҷ
֣ϵǵ⣬λ֪˶áľž˾˲ܿصػһ¡
Ƭ֮оȻˮ⣡

ʱ׷ݵʱ֮ǰ
λ뷢԰׵Ǿ涯Ѿ̫̫ûгȥˡ
һֱ֮оȴŸġ
֪ΪͻȻѪƺһ̾Ϣ
ʮˡ
ʮˣ
Ȼ۾ͻأէֵĹâƺҪȥ֮ɫ
һ̣͵վٶȽ̤ء
ҳǣһȻ˼ž
濴д˱仯ΪǼλߵĶ÷ҳѸٻָƽȴ֪ȫǼȻģǴӵص׶𣬴ֶ¡صȻѹ
һ̤ȴѾ˵صף߿գȴתأץ˹̨һѾԭʲôɫ塣
֮£嶸ȻתΪѩ׾Өɫ
Ψмһڵ㣬ȴʵڡ
ҶѪҲ죡
ߴ˼糯ʥһһƣһ̣ٶȺһ˸߿գȫǡ
ʵԴϵΪֻۣǲһսֳϢѾ׾ٵҵ˲ꡣǰֻǽϢȫ䣬ȫô
˼ٸ߿գǧɸ߿ռ£ʹȥڷҳǴܵļһץݺƲһڷҳңǴ
ȻѾܿҿջһ˲
ͻȻһȵĸо
ͻȸоЩλ֪ľΪͨĴ߳ʧأ඼ɲǼͣһͷӸټе䳾
ͣסҵΣץǹܵԴͷ壬ȴмԼԼСڵ㣬Ȼ΢ĺɫ
һȴߵס
ҶѪҲ죻ʮ꣬񷣡Ѫɫôôأ߲Բ۾ۿѪɫɫ
һô
ÿˣ
ҶҺᡭΪԶѪǵǰĶֻ֧
ͷɻǸĿ괰ԽԽѪɫתΪ죬仯ʹͣסٲûκεı仯
ĿԽӦԽǿ㲻Ϊ֡߿յԼͷƤǰ״֤֮ҶҵĵϵѪѪɫôôΪʲôô


44 Ҫˣ
⡭⵽զ¶ءһ⣬ŵĶһ̳ױ
˳µؿ˷淢һĻ˷־硭
ǸʵԶʤԭռȫ۷ֲ꣬ڶԷ֮۷ͷ˼ҵıڣתۣš
˹ˣȴͷϿЦòҪ
ôģȻҶģֻ˵˼仰ҲôţƵĺȷʵ֮󣬴м̡Цô
Ȼǡڴ˿̣ҼԶһӰ޼ɵķʽƮ
ǵӰӰ棬ԶգȴһҪֵ߳ļơ
ƫƫǰһۣǸûֺβԼǳĴӶȥȻ뿪ԨԴ롣
߼״üͷһ壬漴һ֡
βͻȻоԼǰȻһ͵޿ͻƵϣ˵壬׸һߡ
±٣һĿȥǰ׷ͻأسǰȴǳԾԾͿй򵹣ϡڡôôԳˣ
һܵľţױȵľҡ
ҹ֮¾Ȼֻڴ˵֮еڣ̤
⡭ʵλҲ̫һЩɣ
˸ӷѽǣΪҪԼִأ
˼֮ȻǻȥɣҪǡߵ˵
ǡһ㶵˵ղһҹ֮佫һ֮ɱһɸɾȴΥҳһ
Σ˵˲Ҫܡ׷ߵӽ쿪ʼҳǴ־ҪʽΪҳˣһһ֮գ
˴ʧɫ
Ȼһ仰͸¶Ϣ㾪˵ģ
¶һõЦݣ˵һͳȶգδؾһǺ£ıʾǷңǴڿʼٲ̫ࡣҳǣ½ң
ðͬһ㣬һӾʹˡ
զ£ʲô
⡭ô˵˵žҪȫȨˣ
⡭ôûй顣
Ϊʲô
ͻȻͷ飿
̫⣬̫ͻȻ˰ɣ
ҳǵػǣ統ǰһȷ˷ҳǵ˳ǳΪһǴ˼ʣ˵ԭͷˣ⡭
߼±״̬Ҳܹ뷨ȴֲԸ˵ʲôܸɴֱ֪֣ͨءȻͨŴϣϵֻһ仰ͺá
ʲôϢоʲôҪˡ
ǣ֮ǰԼʱ䵽ˣҪˣ
˵仰˵һʱʧӰ١
Ҫˣ
ȤȻǲ仰ڣʵ̫Īˡ
ѾʧӰ٣Ҳˡ
Ȼˣ߻ڣҲ򲻸ʵġ
˵ǣҵļĳǣλڵʱҲֻиķݶȫް๵ء

ҶЦ벽껹кɷ֮ⳡѾȥβ
ɷ̫֮˷ܣȵЩˡ
ǺȵĿɲѰǺ쳾רԸ߽칤죬޷ų࣬ɷ֮Ϊĵ׻ϲȵֱȽ϶࣬β
ʵֺֹ궼ԼѾˡ
ΨҶЦԾ䣬
˼ɢʱˡ
ҶЦٱ⣺Ɑƣôˣʱ֮ʱѣϦ
һٱ
һЦ˵ѵúͿȴֲ֪ΪѵúͿ֪ǺͿĺͿͿҲ֪ءе鶼ϡͿҾȻоֵáֿһѵúͿɣȴֵһġ
ͬʱЦΪѵõĺͿһ
Ҫٱһ֮ʱһ󼱾ƿյͻأ漴һԺɷ֮סĿͷ𡪡ɷô
ɷ֮˼ȻΪǰǣ֮¶ʱһ룬ʶĳӦǰ
ҶЦ̧ͷв¶ɻĹʡ
Ԥ֮УȴǲӦô
죬ʵڲһǡʱ
Էƫƫȴˡ
Ϊʲô
ҶЦźɷ֮ͷɷ֮㼴ţڹߡ
һл
˵ձ㼴Ʈ߽ҶЦķС
ҶЦɻʵ֣ҹãȴ֪кҪ£
߽УͻȻ۵һڵأڴ˶лҩ֮飬֮
ҶЦһЦ֮ͣҳݣֺˡ
ȴǼֹŲӣһ׼۷֪֮飬ȴΪ֪ػ£ԡǰҪڹ£ıһǰְλ빫Ӳ¼
ҶЦסˡ
ô˳
Ȼ֮ǰһΪΪ˴Ŀ꣬ôĵһô󣬻ҪҶЦԤ֮⡣
㡭ҶЦɵ˵⡭ΪΣ
ȻһЦ¡ɱˡūͣҲȫǲɢ
ҶЦһ
ʾ͸ˣҶЦҰøҲǷңҼǶ԰й֮ģνӾ㲻ΪЧתͶԼߣҲûҪô˰ɣ˵䲻ģԵܹɱ飬δؾͲҶЦ֣ҶЦܲ
ȴһѾĪ⣬˹Ȼ̾һʼĩϸϸ˵һ顣
һ
˵ڳľȻǲ꣬ȴŭĿԲŭŭϣؾȲʲ壬ʳ֮ͽɱ
ɫȻɥȻ֮ȻĳվһĹ
ʲô壿ѾΪǼùˣȴǲ˿ھΣĺ
ɬЦЦĳȴ治ұȻ޿޼ҿɹ֮ݹҳǣްĳļ塭ɱһ֮Ȼٷҳǵ׷ǹӲɣĳһ湫ӣڣ֮ΪЧʱ˲áҲֻнտлӴ
תͷҶЦĿϣҶЦӦζԶ׼
ҶЦƬ̣ˬ˵֮ǰﱾҪֳΪѣˣǾûеҶĳˣȻˣǻҪߣҲǾߵģҴ˺һˣ
ڷҳǵĽɡҲȻҪᣬҵĻҶЦһ£˵
ڿǣػˣοѰ
ϲлӷģһҳ۹ӡ
ɷ֪֮˼侭ڵǰ޶⣻ȴ֪ʼĩԼѡ񻹴вǡ
Ȼڴҹ֮ʣüһԪǰϢԪΪĹӣС¼ȻǰǴ󲻽⡣
Сᣬʲô˵ĵطǿԭϺڣԼǸոͶЧİ£ѵ𣿣
Լôûеأ
ȻڰͬߣϾǹο֮˵ʵڰɱǱߣתͶҶЦ£ĵȴǲġ
ɷ֮͸֮£ȴѹ˵һ飬գȴҲȻ֮顣ҶЦ㣬ܹôøˣίʵǲˡ
ǿǵƼ߻ص
ãŵʹǹԼԹˡ
ȻҶЦܹδͶЧ֮˵񵤣ôӦʸԼ𣬶Ҳһͷŵ˵˵գ
䣬꿴ҶЦֱࡣ
Ȼһеζ
֮ǰԲеġ

ϡ
ҳЩѾ˵Ѿ쳾ľŴƶˣͬ汲ϣһһܵĵطչһҹĻ顣
Ȼݲ꣬ӵڶһ磬ҳǣͻȻ
ҡһʱ̵ķңϵķң
ҵԴͷԴԷҳǹٷػǱߴϢе֪Ϣˡʵ±ƣѡ
𣬷ҳǣڷҡŴ岻ٸȶҳ򡣡
Թ齭˺ҳǣҲǽһ֣
Ӵȡս
ͻϢ˲˷ҳǣţ޽
ԴҳǳҳǽֹĽʹûдƹ
ʱգѾǷҳǵĵһˣ
ҳǵߣǹΪصĴڡ
ûκˡκʵ֪Щʲôˣʲôʲôһ
ȴ֪ÿһػߵΪΪ˵ãƥС
Щػ֮ʵǿĸ߲ػںΪԮȻ߳Ʋ֮ʱе˵֮е־ͻ֡
һãߵɱ
⣡
Ƿҳɵĸڣ
ԵģֻҪҳǷƽ˾Щ߾µĭһ㣬ȫټʧӰ٣Ӳػߵݣ
ʮһֱˣ
ǹʷҳǵߣλ˵⣬еľִߣȻӵߵȨޣȴӲȨޣҲΪ㣬ҳǲ˰ȣΪһ֮
Ȼ޴ģԵģ¢ϵȨޣȻʹ˲棬ɢˣ
˵ôҳǵĵһȡˡ
Ҹ˵զأΪ꾢Убأ
֪òĪȡˣȫףͻġ
ְ
˵ǲǳʲô£Żˡ
ϻͻȻȡһô
˵ǿͼפҳǣĳλֱӱֱӱһˡ
˻棿
˵ģ˳ģҪҳǵĵһɺڱȡ
˻ǣ˭ô¡
͵治֪ˣȻǴΪ
ػ̫߶ˣǹܲţܲˣ͵ǰԣڷҳУֻҪʵͿڷҳʲôʲôô˵𣿡
ԣ˼
ܣսȫУ
ԣ
̣棬ҲУ
ԣ
°ӶУ
ôУֻҪб£ȥǿһͷĸû˹㡭
ҿ°


٣һʱҳȻʲôԶеġ
פڷҳǵĸȴڵһʱʶϢҪԡ
ȷϢʵ֮󣬸ǶڵһʱǲԴԴǰ
˶ʶһҳǽӴƣｫһɽ
һɽ
ʮĳξð
ҳǳоĸѾǴﵽһ˷ָĵز
ֻǣʲƸԶǿ֮£ȻģһֱػڷҳǵЩˣκҲǲεġ
£ҲûߣûҪƴ˽ϧսʿ𣬼Ȯű
ʱգҳǾȻع齭򣬲ٽˡ
񲻾˵ֻҪܹռ˷ҳǣеЩƸȫԼˣ
ģҲܹڳ൱һɣ
һ޴ĳУڵ˿ھ۾ӣʮĺƽ˼
һʶôӴԴ
һεȾ޴ķ⣡
ΨһˣϢʱ򣬳׵ɵۡ
꣡
ϲҲǱߣոոҶЦǩԼҳǾͽ˽

ϵֻһҹȥҲɺƾԾͲ֪ȥȻҵˡ
˾ô׽ŪˡҸǩʮԼ
ᡣ
ô׽Ū˵ġô˵ġ
ȻҶЦ˵ģĵ飬ȻһӻУ

ҳǣǳ׵ط


45 Ƹ
ԭڷҳǰ仧ȶյ˼ңѶȻǾŲ˲֮£ȴõԭڷҳǸ˾Ȼһҹ֮䣬ʧӰ١
ҲҲάֽˡ
ͻȻȫգ
ƽЩ޷Ͱ׵ĳʼϵĶֳһֻ̡ռ̵
׵ķҳǣ񳿾Ȼ˲ս
вҽᡭ
Щ״һ֪ⲻǸ׳նּ̽ػ˾ʵȷȷʵʵû˹ˡ
ЩʵС
һֵøҫۣһ֣֮ơ
Ƹ¥
Ӧ˵Ƹ¥Ķûнν̽һֱӾȻĪ֮ƣǰƱεʿ֣һǿƳҳǣӽŵһ̿ʼͿʼɨ
ſʼһ·֮֮أڷƸ¥졣
˾ЩصȨ
һʼһɻǰŰ֮ƣƸ¥ͬȳһĲ˶ּɣЩֻ
һǹҳͼߡǷƸ¥ɾˡ
Ƹ¥٣޽ǰĳȴָ˭ȣǵϷҳػ˾˫ĵĻ군Ŀ϶ǷƸ¥˵Ƹ¥δܱƳػ˾ȫʵ͵군ȫ¥
ʱƽһȻȫȻûκ˳֣˲Žо˲ԡ
Ȼʱ򣬷Ƹ¥Ѿռǣ
һȻռƯ˵
ѾռǵķƸ¥δʹֽ֣붫Ǳϳ֮ҪֵҲʼΪٶȣɴཫԭеĽвΪҪռΪУһ»Χǵؽһ֮ǣרڷƸ¥ĳ֮ǡ
ˣȻûκγָԤļҲ㷴Ӧ¶İ
æʼж֣Ǻڽʱƽ͵ķҳֱӱѪٲ͡
˻ѭһ㣺˺ԭס˺ͨˡ
Щǰռ̵֣ȴǺʿֵ֮ǽԼյأ֮£Ȼɱ춼ˡ
˴¼ΪֹҪߡѿȷߣƸ¥ȷռǵؽֹ֮ͣչʼڲ٣ټ֮ڵСɣ̻ԣƸ¥ƬؽȨ
Ͱߵĵ̣ȫϴֱȥһЩҪСɣ˵ķʽѹȥ
һʱ䣬Ƹ¥ҲɱѪʮ㣬ȾѪȲκ١
ӹʱϽ˰ǻᱣ֤ǵİȫԴΪǰᣬǵ켣֮ǰ̫󡣡
ǷƸ¥Ҫ󣬵ȻҲ˸һŻ
ЩСԣܹ֮ǰһƽͰȣȻ״˭ҲɵӣƸ¥Ҫĵһ㡮ӹߵ˵ͷѾܴˡҪôӡǷӣ
⣬һϷˡ
ȫҪ٣ȻǷˣ֮ǰʱȡ˵Ҫ㲻ȻǲӣȻӣôеǰ취㡣
ֻҪ븽ǼѾɱһƬǽļͷ߰ɣƸ¥确ɱ⼸ɵ˵ȣݲ
˶Ѿ̱ˣɵˣ˹ԹԾͷΣ
Ƹ¥֣ǿƶǵȨ֮㿪ʼ࣬ٵĺﵽϸϸȥһУЩﶼѾ˼ȶĳ
ֻǺ©
ҲзƸ¥ƣΪʲôֻռһأǷʱ䣬ҲʵڱûзӦ֮ǰռҳǣˡռҳǣֻҪķ֮һͣˣܹȷڷҳǵİλ
ʷֹһˣö˶С
ǰӸ߽ȴǼؾܾ˼ŵ
ǿ׵κθĽ͡

һŵԺУһ꣬еһҡϣɫˣΪȡ
ӣǰƴãΪʲôֻռķ֮һĵؽ磿Ůʡ
԰ӣǷռݸؽ磬㲻ǰδʧŮҲЩ⡣
ҡϵİ¹ӿݵϣ¶һЦݣ¹̲֪㳣֣ǿֻ̫࣬ʧȥࡣ
˿̵ƺܺãȻ
ʵϣʼվӣˣûн͵ıҪΨжŮȴ֪޲޲
ϾŮͬ
¼λפ£ȴû̫Ľǵȱ½λ֮ˣսȻ֮ǵͷĻȴֲ൱Ĳ㣡㣬ʼղ򣡡
ӣⷬ۵Ѿ˵ΣǽÿԵʵɷ˵Ƕ½λԣʹʵƱӡԾǾԵĴڣαҪŪĻƽ׵ĶԼݣ
׹ӿЦһģ½һ⣬Ϊѵľĥ£ϧȴƽ״뱦ɽֶأĪźԱֲʵʵʵ֮˵ѵ˵Ц֮£ȻΪʵԶҶЦ֮ΣǱŪڹ֮䣡
ԵӴǷף¼ȨǸľͷǳڶȨ⣬˵øΪ˵ǱҶЦŪڹ֮䣿
׹ȻŮβŵԭΪ֮¾ռ˴ˣ
£׹ʼǸоʧ̫һ㲻ȴû뵽ѾͷȻ˼
ǰ׹ǻ纣һҲǳסˡ
ͬزռ˴ôǿȡبŲĶ񵤣һѾռˣоתĵԼõƷפյЩ񲻶ܿɹľ޴ջѵӾвͬ
׹Բһ㵣û˵ʼһţԸĨɱ˵ҶЦõĺô븶ȣֻţһë㲻ϣʵûָժŮ˵òԣ
ǣԼĳòƲڴ˰ɣԼҪ˵̵Ůǻѧȷ˵ָ˼룬ǻôأ
׹Ӱβŵʵ˵Ѿʼһ棬Щʱ˼Ҫŵøһ㡣
ڣҳػ˾ͻȻȡ˽ٶȻġΪʮԽУҳǴûйƴԣҳ֮Ȼ෴ΪɻĴԣҲΪˣһ˴ԣ;ǿѨ硣
ҲŻ˾ȻؽƸ¥ȫѹȥռһ֮ء
ȷˣǿռȻ֮ڰŰԥعʱȷһ
ǷֵһƲռࡣռǣѾǼˣ̰Ҫռݸ໰ƱؽֵĴջҪѾֵĲַȥǿɾǵòʧˡ
һĽ˵ǣȷӦȶȻռȻʵȴǿ⵽ػ˾ķգղ档
Ƕˣػ˾ûжǵǵĻԵ֮رӦõõģȻȴҲֻͽ̾κΡռ֮ûгţȴǸеӣٵ¤ʿɶֹ
Ȼ˵ľʵ֮˵ҲеǷƸ¥Ѱɣӵ൱ɹ۵սͬʱҲ൱̶ڽȥ൱һʱҳǶϱĸλܴҳһţϵս̵¼֡ΨǣһƬȫͬʱҲĵؽ硣
ҲͣǰŲһԭǸӣȻҲͶұӣ֮ڣǲᱻ졣
˭ǣֶγͬʱΧȭ
׹ӵЦţκ飬ռȻȽڱһĲʵ̫ˣҲνĲ֮ǧˣһ
һжϳϢΪ棻Ȼռǣ֮ǰʼµõءʼжʱѾ١սʱѾȫҿʼ档
ռȻһ򲽲ȣǵֹһ㡣
˭٣˭ռУʹ˭վ˽Ÿ
Ψվ˽Ÿ֮ٽнţȷΪʱ򣬾ǿʳǿʳĸںʵںǸһۣȻռˡ
׹ӶһţԣǲǲҪţǾԲڸȵʱǿţòʧ
һɻʵһһ²⣬Ӹղᵽ鷳ΪǵΪʲôҪǣɽۻأ
Ĵ𰸾ڸǰߵѡ񰡣Ǻֻܱ֣ȡԼõõģס֡ǲ̰ᣬһǱ̬֮Ƿĵġ
ʱ鷳ǾǷӣĳǶܲӣҲӲСİˣ͵ͬƻˣôҲΪǹĿ꣬Ϊʳ
ͨһ֮󣬿϶ǣ˵ͬǳǰ棬ǶԲġ
ԭˡŮһ˼صͷȻЩ⣬Ѿ˸д롣
ӵѡǲģ
׹οŮĿĵѾͷϹ½£ľɳʵޡкܶһ˵̫ˣãվҪԼ򣬲Լ

Ƹ¥ǵʱҶЦҲ١
ڵڶǰȥֵܻϲ㣬ҪмһƬصʱֵֵܻͷöʱ
ʱ㣬̵սѾʽ졣
˼ʷҳ֮УٶһĳɽͷԼĵ̡
֮ǰͲռȻһֻ¾Ȳˡ
һʼսʲô
ĲˣΪǿߡ
Ȼһȴڴ򲹸˵ˣԴǮƣ
ǵҩǸֲԴЩҪǮģ
ҶЦʱլԺأ
񲻾Ǯô
ֵܻϲ⣿


46 
ڷҳǵĿյؿû֮ǰôֵǮˣȵ̬̳׻֮ƽȰͲڵķҳǣؼƱشȱֵҶЦ˼أֱ콵
֮ǰĥ죬۸ĥòˣѾǶԷλˣ˼ʷͻ䣬յضǮԭ۳񲻴ϲսէǮ֮ʣ˫βһļϣ
ʮңɡ
ҶЦڳмλȡһƬʮĶءг˰ʮլԺһӣһЩԭס̵ȵȡ
ҶЦһ£ɷһʼѵңЩ˸Ͻȥ
ֵһ֮ʣȲ٣Ѿϰ߰ȵǺö඼Ҫӳȥ뿪ͻǷ֮ءڣһװŴҵĴָȻǰԾܾջ󰡣
ԣǨ˳ɣȻܹ֮ô˳ɵһԭȴҶЦŵҪ뿪ģԻǣ뿪籩ġ
ϣû˿Ŀ֮
˶óҳѾ˸᳡籩ģÿʱÿ̶սǿ֮սһನҲֱܹӽɲǶôϡ棬ܷ顣
ȻεĹ룬˵վѾȲ٣黳ôҲСҪȱܱܷͷ֮ߡ
һֻҪ뿪ˣլԺ϶ͻᱻռݡ
Լл֮գҲ϶ûҪĿܣȻˣβʱͽ֮ǮЯߣһ֮Ÿʵʲǣ

һֻһʱ䣬ҶЦѾԼľܲפ˳
ⷽԲʮ򣬳ҶЦ֮⣬Ҳûκһˡ
ȻҶЦһӣؽ
ҶЦνؽǴΧǽʼȦؽ
ҪʮȫΧǽΧסʮɸߵĳΧǽ׸ķĽӴ
ԭֵֶܻ᷽Ҳ൱̶ȵػ
Ͼ˼ҸսôǮؽ֮ǰֱǱҪġ
ֵֻܻ᷽Ҳȷ˵ˣǾֻµİȫ
¡
˵ɷ䶼ʾЩʱʵ̫ˣʲôأ
ΨвȴǸо̫ˣ
ﵱڣﻹҪֵܻı
Ҳү˭
ҶЦĸо£ǿǿˣ
εؽΪͷߵֵܻḺļˣҶЦǮҳǶݱֵܻƫһȴʩɵݱ⣬òҲ漣һ׮
һʱ䣬仹кɷڻظѲӣල̽ȣҶЦ벽ϣҡҷ̸
ҳһͻȻк뷨֮ǰһͼôЦЦʵ
˵갡Ժƺҵʱ㻹ҪƺΪӡˣô˵Ӧñʾһ¶ذɣôҲʳĸǻԭ򡣡ҶЦŰۡ
ҽ㹫û⣬Եģ㲻ֱӺ꣬Ҹûô죬˵ɣʲô㣿ΪıڣҪΪİã꿴ᣬԿδɵļһ
ҾͽϲҶЦ֮ǰǺҳƺһһϲڲԼѡǾϲˡ
ԴϡͿǩ˺Լ֮󣬲˼ظ֮ԽԽԼʱǹϣֻԾҶЦ
ԼʱôģôһСģͱһˣ
⼸ҶЦ̬ʼձӲǱӣ۾۾һûͻһҶЦԼǩԼµĹüĿݷǷʵʮ仰ȴǾһ٣ƿʵϸ΢תۣѽⷴתݱȴֲʲô˶ģµģ
ҶЦԺһֻоˣǱֶ
᣿Ȼǰʱʣȴʲô˶ɵģüëҳѾ˸ʸ֮ģ޽ĵطν޽СãڶЩǧ꣬꣬ʮĳʱ򡭡㻹лô
ҶЦб۾ܲյᣬᣬ˵˲㡣ǲţԴһֱţܲܳɾʹҵ
ҡͷƣֶζЧˣºôұһҲͰˣѵūңŰΣϽʵɣ
ҶЦһЦһָͷϲҰ۾źãһġʱҰңҪҵľ
Цúúãҵſ㡭Ұ㡭ҪΪЧòҿźŹſţĴ
˼ЦüΪƺʲôΪЦһ㡣
ҶЦһɷƵ
֮£ȴһߣ
ţ漰͸Ͳɶˣ
ϲ˵˵⼸죬ǷпȽȤ顣ҶЦ
⼸죬価ǱңҶЦСôóȻȥ֣
ȻǶͷʵԼһȷҳҾָһ֮˵
ҲΨеȵ̵׶ιȥ֮󣬲ĵĿʼ
һ㣬˭֪
ڳȥսûмĸ棡
ҳǡʵķҳˡ̾Ҵô꣬ͼͬҺ塭
޽ǰٵĽһٰʮҶǰٵҲٶҡţв֮ԼһЩģҲˮ㡭
ҳȥ֮󣬻תһֿڣܿĻŵŽһţһ·ܿʮʬ壬˵ʬҰҲ̫š
ƲƲ죺ʼҲûи߽֣߳ԪСϺƴƴ
ҶЦŬŬ죬ڹڴ˵صǣΪСϺѾ֪˶١
ҶЦһͷߡ
Լĺû쵼ô
ڡ

ҶЦһ䣬ԵȻԣг䶨ô
УôûС޽½𲻾ͣ㼴ǰ֮еķƸ¥ռȻһֵģѾռǣνǴռˣҪ֪ڳӵкֵܴܻᣬûӦʱ򣬷Ƹ¥Ѿʼ֣ݾϣˣɾɲ
̾һ䣺ǷƸ¥ߣһ˲֮˲ţ۲ȵزҲĵصһ
ҶЦζЦЦƸ¥ȻҪں쳾췭ƸꡭһЩС
Ƹ¥ĸֻЩСôõʱȻռȴֻռһ֮ء
һҲֻ˲֮е˲ţ޵úܣҲǿޣؽչռҲܴ󡣡
ȻǴҶЦˣ۱ͷƸ¥µͬʱԲҶЦһ䣡
ҶЦԺǺһЦŭЦ㶮ƨ
ŭ˵ʲô
ҶЦ˵㶮ƨϲϰĲãѾˣȴҪ˶˵һ䣬а񫣬ҲҪŪ˾֪ҵıڣʹ㲻¶һ¶أ֪ãҲ㵱ڵġ
ͭ壬ҶЦŭҽͣͲˣݹҲҲһʹû˸ôҡ
Ȱһ䣬Ժǧ۱˵ĸִСΪ㱾ĸ̫СֻǸν֣һҶĿܿ죬Źʵʵǲȡġ
ҶЦڳǧ𲻷ΪȻʶҲУֻһ齭ɢˣû쵼ɣȻҲͿλߵֶΣ·룬̬ȣȻҪܱ˵ȰһζֻԱ˼롣
Ƹ¥һ˵һ壬˾Ȼ԰ڲҲԱ߸á
ҶЦ˼˵ʿɶֹķִգ䵽λٳһ㣬ٶԶռݱɱȺ֮ľơԣֻһ֮أ۷ҳǱҡԹڶ˳ǣ֮١
⣬Ƹ¥ԼĶһӣͿʱ˭ͷһȣ塣
ӣܶԷʲôһȥ㲻һҲҪ˽ǣ
޽ֻ»ΪҳǵķңƣУ
ҶЦĿ˸Σյɫʣ׹ӹȻǰ׹ӣôһУѾ´ȴϹ
ҲܴϲϹܻӽʹֻһӽݱ鷳˶˵ĸ
֮ǰں½׹ӽΣ޼ϸ˵λߵշ֪޷ȫµ뷨
ǱߣѾĽôûһʲôģܹռݵĵ̲ȥռݣˣȻ壿ֱ
ҶЦٺһЦʵʤ۱磬޽ǰйֵܻᣬ뷭Ƹ¥ĵֻϣһ֮⣬Ҳ֮
˶Ӧ֪Ƹ¥а֮˹ϵԭ򣬵ĵûмɣ϶ϲҷԷƸ¥Ϊһͻִ֯ʱǵ͵ʴףܾʹһ겻񣬱ȡ֮
ԣܹҷƸ¥鷳ģҲֵֻܻ͹󡣡
ȻֵܻԱɢޣ鲼£κ֮ǰֵܻǿϺ͹һԸƸ¥ĻƸ¥ô졣
ֵܻƸ¥֮ǰ𣬶ôΪ˴εһʱʧ󶯸ɸ꣬ߣֵܻڷҳȻƸ¥һ֣Ծ൱ƣҲΪҳ¸ֵֻĵһ뷭Ƹ¥𼺷棬߲ȡ
Զ׼ֵܻȫųƸ¥ĵж֮⡣
пܳԷƸ¥ֻʣһѡһʼǲĴѹƸ¥˵˫С
Ƹ¥һҳǣռһˣУ֮һ֣Ϊ޽һĹưոݣ


47 ı
εķҳϴƣǿƣȻѾʧȥҲռ£Ҳõ뷭Ƹ¥Сĵ̡
ʵǹ޷ܵĽȻӦ
Ȼһ֣ͻ뷭Ƹ¥֮СҶЦ̾˿
׹ӵĻǸϲ¥֮о
˼ҶЦȻϤ׹ӵ㣬ȴռھ⣬ĵıˣǱ˴˵ŶԣҶЦʹӲԷƱȴĿսı߷ѹ֮
Խ˵ԽˣôûôƣȭͷǵҪǿ˭ȭͷ󡣡˺ߡ
ȭͷǵ󣬹Ȼ򣬵ȴڵǰô˵ʹһʤֵܻᡢƸ¥а˵ּлôҶЦʵ
ǿ϶Ǵ򲻹ģ㷭Ƹ¥ܹаֵ֣ܻȴλս˵귴
ֻǴҲڷ˵ǿһֵ˵ҶЦǺЦ
˵ȴԲ֮ǰԵľͶԣʼղ÷Ƹ¥ȻֵȷģԾɼּ
šô˵ɣ޽ľˣڿƸ¥Ѿֹ֮ͣ᲻ſģҶЦʵ
ǵȻģΪǲٸˣʱķĿ϶С귭˸ۡ
ܹľͺãǷҲ˵ˣƸ¥͵ǰķֱ˻ᣬأԲԣᣬҲǵڸӰɣȻ˼û˵᲻ҶЦʵ
룬Ȼеġ
ҶЦţȻǾ㹻ˣ˷ֱĻᣬ϶ȵϵڱǰķչȡԲԣ
ԣ⻹˵óȻڱǶֻԼֻȡıʵģ
Ȼʱ򣬹ˣҲֱҽìͷֱָƸ¥ĵ̣ҪƸ¥ϳȥô룬䷢ȫ޶ôҶЦʡ
šΣƸ¥Ѿֹͣˣ˼ҸóԵģѾԵˡдѵĵ̣δеסб´ȥȥЩ֮Ƹ¥ģȴδ̫۸ˡ
ҲǾ֮ˣ˼ʱҶЦƹϣѾµȻڼȴĨɱſڴƻ֮ˣԾĶ֮
ҶЦͷ𣿡
꽫ıģص˺ôһᣬżѵ˵˰Եʹ˷Ƹ¥֮⣬롭Ҳǲɣ
Σûн飬ѣô룿ҶЦ׷ʡ
šʵۺ귭Ƹ¥ĵ֮һ֮С᲻ң
᲻أҶЦʡ
ᣡӹɣƸ¥ôں緭Ƹ¥ǡͷѾ˺
ˣⲻͽˡʱ򣬷Ƹ¥Ԯȥȥ֣ҶЦʡ
϶Ҫȥݺĵ˭ã˱зƸ¥ǰ棬ǵʧܽһԽĥʵ
ǲͽˣҶЦֻҪҶԷƸ¥֣ǲҲһҪ
ȻҪ
ôҪҪ벻õһ㣿
ͬͬ벻
˵仰ʱ򣬲Ѿ亹
˵ҶЦķͨȫ̵Ĳκ䤱ģ
ھ;ˣҪȵĻںͷأҶЦǺЦ
Уʲôɫӵѿ
˵˾ǱߣֻǲأҶЦȻʵ
ߣ߿Կƶ֣˼ǵ
֣Ŀܲ𣿡ҶЦ׷һ䡣
ûУǱȻҪֵģͷ亹乶£Ȼų޽һϣôľַƸ¥ѹƣ֪ǰвףҪֵġ
˵һ֣ҲһƸ¥ѾһǰɣҶЦ۾ôڹ˵ǲһӣ
ǣͷϵ亹
һ֣᲻Χһܹ֮ùۼڷҳǵڶô
ȻҲҪΪҪһҲΪ˷Ƹ¥
ҶЦһ֣ԣǷƸ¥Ŀ֮ڡϸ˵ǰҳǵļȵ棬ڷƸ¥ֻΣشͷžй󣬲Ҫ
оԼ˶ˡ
Ǽ򵥵̶澹Ȼ̲ôıļƣ
ⶼʲôģôƣ
ǰһӵĲˣ𣬽Ƶô
δûߣܹأҲɵοһǷƸ¥ԼԹδؾһ֣˼κԾѡţ
⣬ҪصƸ¥ռݵˡ
ҶЦƸ¥Ȼɹռǵؽ磬˹֮⣬˶ʲôϾƸ¥Ҳ޽ǰʵĪ˵ǱͲռȻƾʵʵҲġ
ǻԷƸ¥ռǱʾϿɡⲻھοƸ¥ʱֻ֣ȡһ˴ҺȴĻᣬ֪ˡ
УһǷһ顣
Ǳ߾֪Ǹ壬ԾɻҪģΪΪ޽ͷǶˡһսڱС
ֻҪƸ¥չԮͻȺһв˳ϷƸ¥ڵ֮һ˳šϾʱʱķŹͷʳ
Ƹ¥֮ǰѾӣԮ֮ʱʩԮֵĻôƱػƸ¥ķУƸ¥ȻȲϹ󣬵ҪǻҪǿöࡣ
Ƹ¥ֻԹһˣƸ¥ȴҪͬʱԹ̲뷭Ƹ¥ıеķֱ˭Ҳǿõģ
Ǿ֪ҪƸ¥ãȴҲֻܱãûеڶ·ߣȻεĲ鲻Ըȴ޷ģ
ԣӣֵܻ֮⣬û˿Ա⣡
ҶЦ΢ЦǷƸ¥ͼıڣ
һͷ亹ǺܵĲ֣ÿµı
ıɲıҶЦҡҡͷʵıѰǰһжװıڡ֪ǿӣ㻹ⲻıı
ıֵĹؼڷƸ¥ռ̵ĴСǷ˵̫󣬵˵СȴСÿڸܽܵϡٴһЩƸ¥ҪȱȺ֮СһЩδûᶯ֣
ΣΣȴֵĺڣؼڣ
ҶЦһЦ
أƴɷҲδؾһʵУǿƸйϣҪô֮أһҲδؾ
δأһҶЦȻҪܹƸ¥ʲô
Ϊʲô겻ġ
ܼ򵥵ļѣҳռؿСʵ򻹲ЩطƸ¥ռ֮һĵؽ硣߾󲿷ֵһֱֵܻ̾ᣬ˵ֵܻҪݵ㷶Χһû˽Ƹ¥ǵһжģֵܻ϶ǵڶ
ֵܻӦǵһƸ¥ķӦʵ̫죬ȷ˵澪ޡ
֮󣬱ʵ۵͹ɣƾֵܻͷߵƣռ֮һĵ̾Ʋ¡
һֻʣ´Լ֮ĵ̣ٸСᡣлԭҲҪռһġ
ʧȥȻҲռĹͨı£޵Ҳ޿ܽЩȫɵο滹ǰʮߴǸƸ¥֦ͬаˣ
ԣʮ֮һķݶѾǾ޴ɹݶȴȷƸ¥һ룡
ҸлѵľԶԶƫƫһаڻһܾͳ׼ɵʲô̲š
мڴˣô᲻Ƹ¥嶯أ
һȫڷƸ¥ļ֮Уһ仰һɶ޷ķң
ҶЦתͷЦЦĿŲ꣺ôҸղ˵㡭
Ҷƨͨ죬Ͷһ˫֣ȷʵƨҲã˵ˡ
ЩľߣȻܹɵĻ˭뵽ֻôһ֮Ȼôƣˡֹ
ֻһ֮ҹƣ֮һ㶼١ҶЦü˵١ҲԪ
⣬һ۶ҩ֮󣬱ؽһ֡
ҶЦһϲķգΣҲ˵ǵᣬķͬʱҲŵĴ
û˵˼˼һ¡
ҶЦ˵ⲻıһııװ׵ذԼǰʱԼȴȻ֪
ԼǰҶЦֻԼ򵥵ؽ仰ͽ¼Գ˿֮ƣ˿˿۵ذ˳
ɲǻƵ⡣
飬жĵİգڳֵգԶԹ⣬ԼԴǻ۵ͷԣһһеۺϡ
ܹô̵ʱﾫ׼İյȫ֣
̺Ķʵ̫̫ˡ
ԾϵԼҪһ©򣬶ҶЦȴ˹
˵ģֻ˵ڸ󳬼֮ĶԹ˽⣬ڴ̬աôᶴϤ͸أ
ֱֱָģ
ͻȻû뵽һ⣺ǲҲǹҪôɣ
ʵʱȻ϶ҶЦ;ȴԽķǿҶЦ䣬ΪѸٻָĿǰѾָԪƷֻҪٹһʱ䣬ȫָһҲ¡ҶЦɷ֮ҶЦϵ塭
Ϊ书ʣϡ
ȵȸȫλ
˵ĽԼţ
ˣѾҶЦĸ
λҶӾԵأ޶ҡأ
ԶԣԼڸҶҶЦֵĻ˾֪ԼĶ֣֪־һ֪ǼʱҲûôǻ
ȫȻԼԼƴ߾ΪҶЦȡһ
ʹľǵȫֻΪҶЦӻһգô̵ʱ䣬Ҳһ޷ˣ岻ݴǣ
ҶЦߵʱԽԽԵظоҶЦȺ׵ʣԼǷܹΪ֮Ч˸
ԪƷСϺףȴֱԼʥ֣
ⱾѾһ־޴
ڸҶЦߵĸˣһˣӵбʵ߳ʮٱǧĸ߽ߡ
ʼְܹȻء޼ɵ״̬ܿɹ
Ĺ۲˵ǻۣܵ˼̬ķ緶
еЩҶЦһ㶼ȱ
ȱģֻһ㹻ǿʵܹչֳҰİɡֻǲ֪ҶЦҰģʲô


48 
뵽ͻȻҶЦƵ˵ʵڵ޽ʮҲã˴ҲաڽϴʵϣĿ޽ƬؽġҲֻȼˡ
޽ߣһ֮أޣĻ֮ˣλὫĿʱĥֻĥʱַâ֮ʱֵøĿҫ۶ѡ
ҶЦǻڣֻΪǻޡȻޣǾҪ֣ҪܹҲֻˣˡ
ھĥâʱ䣬ҵķչռ䡣
ҶЦƵ˵ڵʵСֵһᣬδʶġȴδؾͲң
ʶģδؾͲң
仰֮¶ĶòĿɿڴ
ոл룬λòûʲôҰģȫȻûн뵱ǰⳡ֮УڿûҰģҰѾ˵ĵز
ôȥĻо߽һ죬ԼҲſδܹҶЦŵϺš
һʱղҶЦ˵ģϲҰ۾źãһġʱҰңҪҵľ
仰ȻѾٳ
ȴδءء
ңǡҶء
ĵײЩ
ڴ˿̣һͷͷѪݣȻӳиλ÷𣬲һ˲䣬Ѿ֮ϡ
ֻһĲӰԼɲĿռڶ
һôࣿ
ĿɵôģԮҲֹһңԸղųֵͷʮֻ
ҶЦͷϲҪȥһ¡
ʲô£ʵ
ҪһЩ߽֪һõĵطת٣֮ܣȻƣҲа취ҽΡֻڣɢޡ
ҶЦһ㣬Ҫҳ־ģӦһ߱˼ǣΪҺߡӦΪȫһΣκʱκεص㣬κζѡһ
ҪκεҪκεѺֻҪСͷ֮Ѫ֮ģ
ҶЦ
⡭Ǻвȡɴ۾Ľɢޣ֣ǲϴӦġ
ҶЦִֻд£Ǵ𲻴Ӧõĵ⣡
ֶ֣ΣΪʲôҪ˵ķʽЩ⡣
֮ʱмγ£ɢ޸Ҫ֯ѡжۣȴ˭ѡңҶЦôһ̯ӡ˭ң
ֻձ֮ˣǵۣΪЧΪ
ҶЦ˵ⲻвȣǽס˵ҲУԸǹƽ
̾˿
ҶЦ˵ʵ顣
Ϊɢޣһһ߽ߡһһǣҪĳ֯ͼˣαҪȵڣ
Ȼڻûѡκһ֯ôϣûСΪЩ϶ѾֻԷܾˡ
ҶЦİ취Ȼǰĳ֮ΣĿǰ˵ȴҲѸʵеİ취
⣬ڵĲǶҶЦġ
ЩôģΪΣֻҪǵҶЦҶЦȻа취Щ˶ģ
֮Իд֪ıĶѡ귢֣Ȼֻô̶ʱദԼѾʼˡȻϻжԲϣ
ʲôźŹſţҶЦĴӾԾԲܣ
Ĳô
ڽʱ򣬽һͺáȻҪǾ˿·һص鱨ҶЦ˵
һ£ΪΣô𣿡
Ϊν̫鷳ֻҪͺãղŸѾҴľûһΡҶЦ֮ϢС֮ɢȥ
ֻԪϸ߽߲ʸ֪ߣʸޡ
صһϢӪԽԽá
ҶЦһ˵ţһ߿Ų꣬Ŀ⣺ϲҳ֮У㣬ҲӦʶɣֻҪ֪ͨ˾ͺá
۾ͬͭ壺ɶ˵ɶ˭ˣ
ҶЦһ㵣˭ˣ
ʵ
Ѿ޵еĵزȻԼϡûôҲǣôʶ˼ң˼ҲδϡʶأҲǿԷһʶֻҪ֪ԷϢͺá
Цúúãһǣ
İղΪоЧŷʵģôҶЦͱɲΪûѣûʶ档
νҲ˰ɣ
˵ȥͺáҶЦʮãλþԺԶ֮еǸСé֮СȻҹȥȻ沼һ£;ˡ
оԼЩۣУҲҸһ㣡ʲôʮֺҲӦֶΰɣ浱Լǲҽˣ
ˣһһҪ֪ͨˣΪһҪԪƷϣ
ҶЦ֣࣬ص˵
ãһұ֤Ʋʧ󣡡
˵ûЧҾͲ֪ˡ
Ǿ仰ֻȥͺãЧⲻҪҶЦһɵȻһҰʮ㣬Ҿǲҽ
ѾһΧǽҶЦЩĪں쳾ĵһʹ￪ʼɣ
򡭡һȺԡ漣ʱԺ󡭡ֻġ

ϡ
˾ͺһһƮ˳ȥ
һΪͨĿջһ伫ΪͨĿͷС
һΪͨĺˣϥǰһΪͨʳϥ
ĺޣôⷿ棬߹ˣ͸ооȻһˡ
żȻӴӿȥΪһһ㡭

ƤһĿעĿڴڣĿⱶ峺侲
һӰһɵ̬ڴڣƽɽ£㻹û
еĺһ㻹ûô
ǲ꣬ЦƮ˽ƽɽԾϥƤҲ̧һ¡
ΧƽɽתһȦͻȻ̾Ϣһƽɽ£һʮǰҿһɻô
ƽɽƽ޲ۣ˲һֻۣҿһȵһʮ֮Ȼ֪۲ۡ
ЦȻԶԷĻشΪ衣
ػʵԷ۶٣ֻΪٰɣ
Ҳãȫ޹ءƽɽµ˵
ǮȻ޹صģֻںܺǣɱ߾Ȼܹڻû˽ԴȥҲһ׮ϡ¡ٺһЦܲΪԼ˵豭ˮ
ƽɽԣһʲôϡ£㣬Ȼܻڣܶ˶顣
ȫҶԾǺǺһЦ漴ƽɽ£һǰһذϢ㡣
ƽɽµ˵
Ȼ㲻ѣƽҲһӡҲѣֵܣҶ㡭ܻЩ͵ģУҵ̬ҲӦһġ
˵仰ʱ򣬿档
ƽɽ룬û˵ֻǵͷ
ǵģҶڸԵ֮˰˵ĳɾͣ˴˵ĸҲܽӽͣȻΪ档
ڴʱҳǣʵǲġ˵ڵķҳǣǾһȫװըҩĻҩ⡭һǾ췭ظը˼ųɾŵߡҲ֪Ϊʲôֻһ飬ϣĪҪǣǵ£߿ԱˣҪȥʸ˵
仰˵ø֣أƽɽҲø棬˵Ҽš
ܹòôصģǴϢ
ˡ֮ȥһѰԵһʮ֮أȻǱ֮ˣҲܱȻ
ƽɽüëʶȻ̧ͷӲꡣ
ģҲϣϣȥﲢʲôȥĴ쳣߰ѾܼįˣڣǲݼࡣȻ㲻˸ãң治Ǻȥ
ƽɽ¿ŲǰʵβŵȥõΣ߰ʲôز
ѡ񡣶κ֣֮һѡ£ΪҽЧӴ˼£ѡȻҪٸκ𡣶ڶѡ֧߶֮󣬻ҪӦΪһ¡ͷ֮Ѫ֮͸¶һ䣬ڶѡ񣬻͵ͬһֻ͸¶ôࡣ
ƽɽ»ͷ̡
㣬򲻵ѣԼѾԼģһҪȥ˾û˿ɼǲҽߣȴ˿ҽģǼ塣˵ǡٱԵԼֲʱ򣬼סãԾ㣡ʮ
ƽɽ³ĬãУá
֮ͷҼסˣϲ˱ձþĻǷһ顣


49 ֮ˮ
ծѻ˰ɣͺãһЦˣౣء
Ҳౣء
ƽɽ˵
仰û£ǱѾûӰӡ
ƽɽ¾£ĿУáţҳģá
漴ֱ۾ٶȻָ֮ǰȫ޺ľһ״̬
˵ʹ߸ϣƶˣܡ
Լ֪Լ¡
ΪΪߣθߣÿһĻΧֻӦ˵ҪȥҲԶҪһΣյö࣡
޽ȵطԽΪߵˣÿһΣգԽ
ȻһԾĹ̶ڣÿһɢ޶εؼס
һ粽ԣ˻Ųʸ˵һ޳ݣԣ
֮ộǱϾԼ
˭ϧ

ҳǹϵĵһջֵֵܻܺһ
ֵܺһջ֡
ԳԷסޣطΪ˵Ƿҳǽɢ޵ͷżɢء
ĵڶĿ꣬
ѾĿ꣬εĿˡ
ˣųɽǽֵܣͬʱҲԴͬŵʦֵܡ
ڽ󶾵ķʱ򣬿ڴһ£ʾ⡣
ȥʱѾڷУע
˵Ŀ⣬ͺѳʵŲꡣ
ϲȻ㣡ͫһ䱸֮էȻ˴ʲô
Ҳ׷׽뻳У۾ĺɣ䱸
Ȼ֪˴Ȼѣʶġ
֮Ȼ޸ֵཻսΣ̣֮˭֪ʲô˵ɱԼֵ˵أ
ţʵģҲһֻÿһأ˵ĴֱʡһЦ

֮󣬲ٲ뿪
磬˵һ˵ǲģš
ΪԶҵ֮ϣºŪǣ档˵
Ҳϲ˴Ȼù죬Ҳһ⣬һ;ʹ£۸߰Ρ˵
šǾͼסطɡһڽƮܲһ򣬾һиĵطǺ¡
ţУãҼסˣ
϶Сӡ°Ϣ֪ͨһʦʦ˵
֪ͨʦʦ˭˵ǣĿࡣ
ʦʦȻòôʦʦþһòôѵ㻹Ҫһȥ֪ͨһ飿Ȼ֪ͨʦʦ˼ô£۾һɡ
ǣǣȥ֪ͨ
ĻᡭҲãʲôҪ
󶾿Ŷ뿪Ӱ૵˵
ϲܲƭˡ

ǰǰ֪ͨˣѾǳȴָоģˣġ֪ͨһȻ󿴷ҳ棬Լʶģ֪ѾˣȻѾ֪ͨˡ
Ƿء
治֪ɶãһƣҪ⣬Ȼù桭һֻ֪ͨôˡɵʲôأ⼸˸ûˡһ񲻵ͬ׷ѣ
治֪Сզġ
˸̵ҶЦ˼ڼﱳּ๤
ۿŸ߸ߵΧǽ޵Уεض𣬶ԼǰӵߣȻһĪĳɾ͸С
ʵƵĸоǸ˾УֻҪһ£·ӣලװ޷ʱ飬ȻͲ˿ҶЦ飬ͬ
ֻǰΧǽȻߵó棬ҲֻܷͨˣڵЩΪˣȫ壻ֻҪһԾҲ͹ȥˣΪ֮ˣͶҲɽΧǽ䵹ΧǽӲСˡ㲻ϡ
ǲΧǽȴһﲻԼصĸоȫްȫпԡ
ۿΧǽҶЦ²ɵλ˵еҶ쳾ҶҳǵĳԣԼҳԼָ°εضʱ򡭡Լڵֲ̬İɣ
ǽãլԺ֮ɡ
ҶЦңžլԱ߲ԶƬӣĿá
ȷǽ֮ȥΪãҪȻԼԽԽʱȵ߻ҪӴԺһ顭
ʵǺܲŹ۰
򶨣ҶЦһ˻Ƭ֮С
ҶЦٶȳʱ˶ǰˡ
ΪǺɷЩڽĹˣȻ֡
ƬòƣҲߴǱˣ
ԭƬ֣Ĳڵأеľֵ֮ģҲͲ˺ϱϸҲѹ֣ڳеĹ֣Ͳľ賤˺ϱϸĿѾǴ
ǡ
ҶЦ߽ȥһ֮ٿȥȻòƻЩôͺ񡭡ЩҶòƸŨһЩ
ֹһ֮󣬰⿴ȥĿȻһӵɴ۾
ЩһֱڹʩԵҲר˴ɨϵҶȻÿɨص㣬ּС·ڣղŻܸɾĵϣȻһҶ
һǵظסô򵥣ѻҶֱмôˡ
϶һбʷզأ
ĿȥƬľڲϵҶżһ紵ƮҶֱͺҶһ㣬ҶƬٶȣЩ͸ѾͺˣʵȴûУ
֦ϣأ֦ҶдС
Եø֮⣬ȫûκεĲ״
ϲһȥһô֮ϡ
ɴ۾Ŵ仯
ۿˣô֦ϣһöССѿۿɼٶȿٹͳϸ֦
ٹƬ̣ϸ֦ϲϵҶðСȻ䣬Ʈ䣬ȻٳѭУǸճϸϸ֦һֽٶ֣䳤
ؿһеķչ仯ֱƨòʲôڲϹĶǰϽתƣϸȴһֽԼղŲֻ¾Ҫɶˡ
漴ַ֣ղžǰĿòŸոճϸϸ֦˼Ѿи첲ϸĳ̶ȡ
УϵҶòƸӺˣܺܺˡ
ȻΧѾ֦Ҷ·Լܷһ㡭
ҵɶ֦һһɺϣԼ汻ɶˣǿƬֵܱ֦̾Ƶĳţ޿ϴˢĳ衭
֦ҶΧٻͷǰĿ⣬ȴѾ˺ϱĴϸˡ
ңɲֹһ㣬ƬֵĿˣһƬ֣ôΡȻ͡
ֻоԺһԺӶ̲ס˻Ρ
ؾôһգ۵ʱ䣬ȴ·֤˲׺ɣһĸо
Ҫʵѵ侳˲ʱѿ֦
ץסɷҸղϴ˶ãꣿǼʮ꣡
ɷ֮ÿɵһǱɶˣϹ˵ɶأһ˰ʱôͼ꼸ʮˣΪεǵΰ
ʱֻðʱ״͡
ΪԼѾʮ£ˣѿܳɳΪ۴ֵɣ
±ɷ֮°ͣǰƬ֣ͷЦ㻹˵ѡطǲɫ¡ͷɺѵڳӵˡ
һʶس˳顣
Լλͬ񾭴̶ȲЩ̾Ϊֹˡ
ôԶ׼췭ظľ޴仯λȻɶҲû
תȥҶЦҪѯһʱȴֹӴ˼ѾûӰӡ

ҶЦ֪ԼˡϽ
ɱѯʲôģȻһʱһʱ
һҶЦˣ
ˮռ֮ˮĿǰѾΪһСС
Դ쳾Ϊ֮ûˮԴһֱˮö֮оƺĳ΢ı仯ȴ˵徿ֻǸйʶ㶼ࡣ
żһΣ֮ˮŽռĵرȴķ֣һֻüˮȥˮҩ˲ʱݹƺǳЩӣ
ȻҶЦһֱִ˲ƣؽƵϷֻҪһݲ˳ۣһӣһˮ֮ˮеǣÿðײã˲á
Ǻľռ䣬ڱѾòҩɭһ㡣
Դҳ֮о쳾ҩ֮һЩں쳾첻ôֵǮҩѾŲһƬ档
ҶЦŪǰƬӵĳĺֻܵǿƬĲΡţǲ֮ܽïһЩһЩ
߽ӣѰ˸֮ÿֶΧһȦȻˮȪͨȪˮϣϡ౶֮󡭡ÿ϶˴ԼͰȥ
ģҶЦֽ֮ˮϡ౶֮лţûʲôЧһͰ߿ϡһ㡣
ҶЦڵΪȻûУֻ԰Ļ׾٣գգ۹һȦǧô©ȫһȦչһ顣
Ȼٶֱʱȴʱɵۡ
ԭƨɺ棬һó˵С־ڳɳʱΪĳֱ۶ңôҲֻôȴϸ
תһ֮ʣȴСڵΧѾԼˡ
⻹꣬ԭϵĲֳ֣һַɿ֦ۿɼٶȣһϳƣٶȣһ֡ˢˢš
ҶЦ֪ˣ
ѱԼˣˡ
飬޷͵ġ
ۿΧдֳһ֦չҶˢˢϴڵƣҲԽԽ֣ԭΪϡ֣˼ʾԵЩӵԽԽء
ҶЦȻһ飬һҪ飺ռݣʹЩԴƷ֣ԾؼЩĵرʹǧҲδһ硣
Ҿӵġ
ǰ£ʹ֮ˮЩݣЧȻҲͲԵó΢һ㣻ֻӦ˵ҩˣ
˵֮ˮܹЩɳ״ԵĵرֳЧ֮ˮҲͲˣٶֲԣӵм֮ɹ۵Ч
ЧЩͨľЩɳԵֲЧ֮ȫͬն
ҶЦӴƬĴ㣬ʵȻΪӲȴûиôҲֻٵʱһƬɫܺÿЩԶѡ
ľּʮɲģܳɲ
ҶЦİһͰˮȥʹ֮ˮбϡ͹ʹͬ󣬵ÿһһ˲棬һǧ꣡
һʲô
ûκŵǧ
ЩȻȻسˣ
ҶЦԭվĿм䣬ɿĿյأȻڲʱ֮󣬱Ӵֵѹý಻һɿռģһռ仹ڳѹ
̧ͷ죬ȴָͿˡ
ҶЦЦõ죬Ͻˣ
ٲˣ϶ҪץסѯʣԼ½͵ڸҲͲˡ
͵ҲܽͣǱ֪ˣԼȡˮ㣬˻᲻֮࣬ԼأôıҲã
ġҶЦĨһ亹£ԺɲÿռĶӦڴˡ⡭ʵ̫Σˡ


50 ལ
ת۵˴ȴһƬʽγɡ

硣
ĺҶ˳Ʈɶ𣬼ҳǣֱӾ¶һݡ
ȻģҲûǸרעֲۻһǧ꣬Ȼ澰

ƬӣһƬ֮˴˼ѹţȫΪ״̬ܲ͸硣
õΧǽ
ﻹҪʲôΧǽ
Ŀʮɺ֦ȫѹһȻȻγڷ
棬ǼһƬĴҪ˵Ǵˣֻ϶δùȥ
Ƭ֣һֻǰһӣ˽
˶㣬ɺϱ֮صľһվҪ
˴۵ʼٸߣҶЦҶſ
Ƭؽ磬Ѿƻ֮ҪһǰȫԻԣ˵ͨԣҪҶЦ֮оС
óȻˣһ©ᵢ£֮ǡ
ҶЦ治ǲκɱˣΪǶ󷨲ãѹһϲͨ
ڵӣҶЦĲڲ֮£֦ȫһ壬ΪһռзԲʮȺ
ȻżЩΪϸСͨԴڽγϵ״̬֮С
ҶЦҲ벻Լһʱʧ󣬾Ȼһô׳۵³ҶЦұ֤ġ쳾췶룬ܹһˣڣҲδؿԵʵУ
ۣߡҶЦƲƲ죺ˮռ𣿡
ľռ𣿡
нռ𣿡

ҩɽ𣿡
ǱȱӲԶˡ

ҶЦһ߸ɿһܵԿޣҫռ⻷
ǧȻϡҲ̫ӲʹҶЦֻԪƷΪԾɿԺʹǽһһ㿪ѳҲֻǻһЩˮĥ򣬲̫ΪѣΪѾǣǹȽϴȫҪҶЦһɣ
ҶЦǲȥȷÿһλЩ˷һĿȥÿһҪһ˿صҶЦûĿɣ
գҶЦӴڲڳһ˴ѨȴǶ񹦣һ˸Ѩ֮䣬ͼֲŴӿռȡһ˿顢ͷСĴϾΪСҽ˵صף
󣬸벿λȥһĥôŵľͺϾΪѹ֮ã
ǿͺϾϣ˴֮䣬ƺĳ뵲ȴ˻ûзӦ֮ǰһعȻ
ʵҶЦ˷µǶȻȫͣˡ
ǶһֻҪһ˴С۲ƻϵ£ҶЦȫаգ¶Էʥ֣޷ݻԼ
֦޷𻵣
Ϊƣ֮ϾܣǶһ
Ҫ͵ͬҪǶ
˭Ȿ£
ҩɽ֮УҶЦõһص󷨡
ⱾصݣҶЦڼ֮󣬺ܸɴĻٵˡ
󷨽⣡
ò˵ҶЦڵõ󷨽ֱ֮Ӿı´ȥá
ھⲿ֮ҶЦһɳ嶯ⲿ󷨽ߵ˭ҪҵһҪΪʦʵ̫ţˣ֮侹ˣ
ǵģˣѰˣˣ֮˵ҶЦԴ˵Ƴ磬ɼҶүĿеĵλߵʲô̶ȣ
Ƕ֮ҶЦ˳óһȭͷСĺϾǶֲ֮ɱ
һغ󣬶žɱɱкɱȿȣһֱ˾žš
֮ܶ
ҶЦΪԼİȫǽĿǰһпԲõɱȫ˳
óȻǰͼƻƻһֵʱƱؽ⵽Ƶıͻǣһȫзˣ
ĶȫںϾȴҲԼ۱ߵԴʯ
ҪȽϸߣܹϳϾ߿ҶЦĻ߻źŰݵڵͶЧҶЦҶЦϾΪԴֱӴҶЦѾĸҲݳһ㣬ѾúϾҲˣȫԺϾΪʲô֪Ͼ̶
ԼΪǳĿǰҲֻܲԱȽϼ˵ķʽԼݳ޾΢ݳһɡҶЦһ߰οԼɣһͷɡ
ǣεΪ۵µһ飬ʹӴ˼ʳ͡
Ϊǳʶǳŷ֪ͳͳǳҶЦȻ֪ԼǶôףôĲٵôǷᣬôĸñ
һֱ˺֪֮ܶܶԼһʲô飡
Ͼеһ־ʯתΪתԳδܹĳƽϢԴ
ȻϾһ񹦣бͨǶ֮󣬵õ˫ؼӳֵĺϾٶǳԲ䣬ȻϢﵽ޾޿ݽߵĵز
ϾмۣѳһϵĵرһȭͷСĺϾֵܵҶЦǰȥܺͣ
ҶЦβ󣬵ͬһʱصȥǧڵң
⻹൱صĹƣϾǿͺϾͲܹºô
Ȳƴ֣ĴֱʣۣҲҪ
ֻϧҶЦڲ֪ȫȫĲ֪
飬ΪôһԵӴں쳾Զ棬ȥԽԽԽԽǲƻ
ֵģ飬ʼҲڣʱ䡭
ȫһ飬ȻתΪһ֮
ճɹɱ֮˾һ壬Ϊ쳾죬һ塣
ȻǺˡ
һǼ꼸ǧ֮顭˴Թᡣ

ȵҶЦȫæµϣһصͨķһǱ߳ʱÿ޴ޱȣѾǺ쳾µһ飬ȻѾµһ
ֻҪⱤ֮ڣһʧ
ֻҪ˲֮Ҳֻиɵû޵ķݣ
˵ֻҪݵģĻͷֻҪҶЦͷһ˲䷢ɱ
ʵաҶЦ߶λ˵ʵ̫ˣԼˡ
ڲͨ˴һ·ֱͨȥ;ûɣҶӵݳ޾һҹ飬ڲ϶ͬһ㡭
һ۾ͿӴ߽ȥһĺݣɲǼǸеͷתĿѣۣ
һиоԼȻµһŵĴ
ȴֱʣòѾõǮܹݵˡ
զģ⵽զأŵôģ۾ɵԲԲģԼ°죬ѾˡȴҲû뵽ϡ
ʵ̫ˣ
һҹʱ䣬ȻһƬӣŪһһ
⡭ĻֶΣҲûôŰ
С£ֵһᣬա
ҶЦòǫЦЦһ֣žһһȥ
ã
˶޴ϣԳһ֡
顪˴
䡪

ǰ
Դʳ
꿴Լǳ鴤ѡ
ֻûһƲأΪһؾ͸ô춯صġ
Լɲҽ𣿣

ʹΡΡΧΧǽԾڽҶЦѾ⣬ȻҪｨܲôȽ֮һУҪ¼ӹһ顣
Լ߳ȥȥģ㣡
ΧǽǾ棬ʿƻ֮ǾͿ̫Ȥˣ鷳ҪرܣԼͷϾеǣҾ㲻úϾˮʲôģԼͬв١
˵ҶЦһǲӦñ뷨ǶôݳޣôĲʵʣôġɶ

ҶЦԭûﶺ
ĳģһֱΪֹҲûиıҵԼĺ֪ҵԼֵܣ
һЦ£
û뵽Լڷҳطͣ
ȻԴ˷ҳǵһտʼҶЦȴоԼƺĳӰ쵽ˡ飬˼룬ֻꡭ
ڤڤһʲôĳָоԼӦ
㣬ҶЦ
һĪоԴڳſڿǸ˵Ӱ֮Ӱ죬Ѿʵڣͬһ㣬Ҳ޷ı䡣
Ϊ֮£ÿ˽Ȼÿķʽвͬ˿˳淴Ψ˶֮ѡ಻֪֪Ĳ
ȻԴͷȴҶЦҳһ򣬼˵Ӱһ򣬶ڶǹһݽ֪ƹǶ
ʵĪӰ֮£ҶЦʶѡפ㣬׬Ǯ£ｨأʼ£
һУ˳˳ˮȴͻȻԼܸоԼ߳ÿһȻΪԼ޾ռ䣬񹦣ЩңõǰĽԾЩ˼飬ȴˣʶܵˡ
ڼ䣬ڤڤеһڲϵĸ
ĵط
ĵط
ǣĵط

ҳУϽһЩסֻ˵ЩҪȶգΪ׵ĸ߽ߣ﷢飬ʾܺ棬һ̽ͷ̽յĹӲ鿴
Щ˵ˮ׼϶ɶҲ
ЩڰҲµһȴϲǿֹˡ
ôģǰԼͺã
֮죬½룬ĵطˣǴ㶼ȥ𣿡
ʵеû¾͸ұչأ
չصľ͸
ûµҪȥ漣Ҫȥ̽ߣڽ϶Ϊĵ
һһкʢ֮˶ǰѵùʺһ㣬ȥչˡ

Ѿ׼ϣʱԽܲԱ
ţвģطˣҲˣҩûأҶЦȻʵشŶƸƷʣרں쳾ĵ񵤣
Դ˲ܣʱΪ˴ȵľͬʱػһµĻʱڣڶ˵鵤ҲǸɺĻᣬĺ£ÿɸʮΰ˴ҲӶ֮࣬˵
ˣ¾㱸ų˷ﲻսҶЦȣܻĵصȴ˿ˡ

ҶЦ˵ɶҲû뵽ǣҽĹ˿ͻûţ鷳һˡ
ѵүҲĳʱ̫˳˳ˮһˮⰲѰƣ

䣡
һ죬ͻȻէһƬϼ˸ʵʮĸˣɽ󣬱ֻǿٸ·ѣȻһһɨ֮ʣȴ⿴ָʩ䡣
漴һȣһˢˢؽĿֱָ䡣
ۼˣ¶̹ǵĳޡ
ǰһʮĸ˵ϣŻɫʿӣŽ֮߰⣬ؿڲλ˿һͦεѩɫͩѽλá
ͼһ˾ǲལ£


51 
ɷ֮ۼ٣ֹͣĻƶֱͦӣңңһ֪Ѱǰʮĸˣ֣ѾϢذ֮ϡ
в꣬۾һɿ壬ɵĿעҲȻ۽ʮĸˡ
ԭǣδꡣ仺վֱ壬ȻõЩΪϰߣճֵܱЩͣʼ¹ĥԭеһ˵ĺĸо
Ȼһ̣͵ǵֱԽԽͦΣȻ͵һһ㣬ǹһֱͦ
̣ԹӵҶЦһָоƺû䵽ָӾϣġọ̈̄
Ƿ޾
˭֮ģ̲סΪ֮
һԵζȻ
Ϊ׵ĻĿͬӥһ㶢䣬Ŀ֮У˳мζ˫֣ʩʩȻ´䣬Ȼ㡭֮ǰ˵ڹ귭ѣϣֿһ漣ǡһ㣬ȻҲܷ
䣬ȻòˡתһȦ棺ǲ֪λˣȻ´κϵƳ棿ʲôˡȻƨɵû
˵˵ţϷʵ𽥱ñɭȻĿǷ⺮̧𣺡˵ˣ˭
Ŀ⣬֮ɨɷ̧֮°˵ǣɷ֮
ɷ֮۾ǣΣǣΣལţϣǺǺǡ磬ֻ֪¶Ϊ۵ˡ
ǹأԹһֳӵЦĿںɷ֮һɨȻɷ֮ڽ˻ôꡭȻӿڳĵ֪죬Ϸʦѵѵ㣬һ
ɷ֮༥֮ʣһô£ڽ֮Уôɻˣǲǵˣ
ѭȥȴ˵ȱԴ֮ˣȻһ꣬Ӣµ˼㣬üһĲĲ˲ʹ졣
鼫Ϊ棬䲽ƮƮȴͬƶһ㣬һɳ׵ķ¡
һ㲻ĿһһСഫĹ֮˰ҲͲ˶ѡ
ɷ֮æʾ⣺ǲལŵǰ
ʲôҶЦüͷĺǳ⣺ʲôˣѵͲҪɻˣ㷹ɲԲóԣЩеûɣȥɻʱôȻ֪úù֪һЩĵƨҲ֪ôģٸҸЩĵɫָзԣˣ
ĵ
ལһߵһˡ
λ˭ѽ
֪Լ˵ʲô𣿶óԷҪЮҲ˷ⲻۣ޹ĵͼڣڵͷϿɾ͹ǵˣ
֮ʣȴּ
㣡ҶЦתͷĿŰ˵㶼Щʲô£ʲôèˣҲҪ죿⹦֪ɵ𣿾Ҫ죬㲻ȥҤקͷҲܽɵðɣпζصģϲͷй깫ô⣡ӻôߵļǮԽһ㶼תôһȺɵƸʲô
èɵƣһȺɵƣ
ལŵ治̫ɵƣĳ˵Ļ⣬˲±ˣ
ҶЦüѵ⣬˿档
ƺѵɷ֮ˡ
ɷ֮Ͱȴ÷ֻоͷһֱˬƨɸ
ӱ˵Լˣʵ˭ལŵˣ
һָԷĵʹ
ɻȥɻȥȫӸɻȥҶЦͷĻӻ֣ٿǽ緹ͲָˣʱǮҲ۵
ǣӡ
ɷ֮סЦתָӹ˸ɻȥˡ
ۼڰԶҶЦֽŭȼˡ
䣬㻹վɶҶЦ۾䣺ôˣͿԲɻˣ治Ǳӱ۹⣬㿴㽻öһЩʲôѣȫһˮ棬ûһ˳ۣһõóֵģģŹң۽Ҫ
ҶЦһֺɸֵĿ⿴䣺䣬ǧ𲻷Ҳ˵ڮѣ£ҪҪ׼㿴⼸ѣⶼЩɶһײаԵһֲСطģû䰡Ŀ޷̵Ĵ¡զܸôһȺ˻죬ʵ̫ˣ
ҶЦ˿ĭ״ڿҵˡ㽻ѣⲻǴڸҶ㲻ӶˣһûأϽǵǮǹ粻£ӵۣǾǴˣϽģʹģˣָ緹ˣ
˼ˬüֱǲҪҪģȴĬϣȻͷϴӣҴˣЩ˲ҵѣ治ǡ
ҶЦԭŵ۾˲ʱ˺ģ˵أҿеôôûɫҲȲѡܼң
Ա߿֣ĵ͵͵ӡ֤ԼҶЦڷ棬˭ʤһȴҶЦԼ˹
æ߹Ȥ˵ӣкηԸ
ҶЦת״֮ˣ˰ڣʲôԸ㶼ôҲ֪һäȻ쵽ߣӰ쵽̽ȣܼôģϽҸ˳ȥǶվһᣬƬֻ¶Ҫˣ֪Ǹϲɾģð⣬ƽҵۣǵù
վƬضҪˣ
ð⣡
ä
⼸仰ɶ񶾡
ЩûסҪŶЦˡ
棬λԴҶЦλүһʱ䱻ҶЦ㣬һ߳٣ƶˣǷӺдֵλ߷ȣɲװװķˡ
ùû뵽λһȾĹүһھͰǷݷƻң;ȻôĶ
ֱѾ絶ɱ˵ĵز
Դ֮󣬻ÿһ仰һİƣžžشϡ
г˲мӣĵķΧȴƽĿǵֱӾιȥļơ
ǹҶЦ˵һλ֮󣬾ѾͷˣҲλеһʱ侹Ȼزʼ鲻ƽ̫Ѩͻͻ
ϴһһƤͨѪҪѪˣ
Ҫ˵ʲôԷĵڣȴһק䡣
˵˼ˣ˼֪ǲལŵˣô㼫ˡụ̂
Է˭ҪʸΪˡһӲСģʲô
λͷͷС˰
߲Ҫڵһҷѣ˲ʱӿһҭסˣסλǣ
ҶЦʱѾ߳ȥ࣬ϵʻȫȻû£ͣΪͷڱڰ֣ܼʲôϽ֮ϳȥϳȥٲϳȥзԣҿ㹤ʣ
֮£һҪǻĲལŵҲ裬ĿһҶЦнԶıӰ
ȴλܼһε˹λֱףȻȻһ£ĵһɡվŸûзǳԣѵû
ûзǳԣ
ûзǳԣ
仰һ֣ȴ˵ö˵İԵ
ֱӰѲལ˵ȱͳҪģֻƬ΢Դ壬ҲֻпڼϵĴʦΪҶЦղžžžž˵˺ð죬Ҳûвһ΢ԴϬԵ
ʦʵ
ལŵҲû뵽Լ˾Ȼһ档
֮ǰҳǷͨϢ䲻ˡ
˷ԸעĥˣȻˡǴ£ĳǻ˵ıȥǱòټʱҳǽģذϢһһ
ལΪ޽ǰڵмȻҲҪһԲལһҲǴ٣񾡳
λϣһβལųСӣһСӵͷˡ
Χ䣬ܻ䣬ҲλϲУе쵼ߡ
ʱĲལΪǳûλϴ֣ȴҲδؾһܻ䣬ѣ
ĸУǲལȻףڶľŵϣ˵֮ǣΪ
ΪڴˣལŷһõʧٵϢ֮󣬲ལڵȻĲãλϸĽֻҪҵ䣬һҪ֮ɱκ뷨
ԼҲû뵽Լ߸յ˷ҳû죬ô֮䷢ټ
˻ʶǸ緢˾ԭǷϵ䣬ȴһ۾˳Ϊ˼ʵ䣬뵱緢֮ʱ·ʹΪ֮ʢ֮ʱЩ࣬ȴѾϴĿģ
Щ϶״˵ȲལҪ御ϣԵ䣬ôڶ̶ʱ֮ڣʢ֮ʱı仯˴Ŀģ
ڹϵ֪֮У䲢취ͨҩˣ
мڴˣȻѯʣܹɱ䣬Ȼ󣬾бʣҲҪƶԷߵϸȴû뵽Ȼõķչһ¡ߵ֮ϣ
λ֪ʲôĹһ֮󣬲εĲֻǷȣǷ죬Ƿݽ衭
ȴѾȥ̺ĵز
ԽǱֵý裬ϷԽĲΡ
Űˣһ㱳ҲûУ
˭ţ
ལʵȻһԪн߱ɼһߣʵҲ÷ָ˭ȣǱ޽Щ˵Ծǲֵһᣬַӱ𣬲ɷ˵
׿Ųᡭ£гǸĴڡ
Ҳ˵۵ֱʵµĸ߹٣ལĶɣǵһλ߹ҵĹӣལž͵øڼ
ҲϦ֮䣬ܱ
統ǿɱ䰮ˣһ㣡
λܼҡһǿסͷ֮άƽ͵Ŀ˵ǲལ£˴Ρ
ʲôԣʲô겻ͷϹ˵ϲӬһĻֵϽٶȸҹҪ˱үԷŲűүѾĿڣѾģһģ˾͵θڣ
´ǣڡ˵¯
û£ʵн˽˶ԹǳԺηʲôݣҲôӸԤſںԣȴǺε
ôһ˵ʮ˷׷׹룬ȴ
סڣȫүסڣǻ治±үǵĿ𣿡걳˫ֵ۾Ҳ֮ʲôԹǷǣҾſڣүҪôôҪӸԤΣ


52
ô᲻ĻӲ˵رһȻơ
һ仰ǲ꽫ĿˣﵽŰļ
ＫطһȻǡֵĸо
Ͼ㵱ǸˣҲֻοͲǸˣԴŭ֮£ŭȵʹӸմ˵ҵǲȻʹ˱ᣡߡ
֮⣬ǵǽ͸ˣ˭˭ء
仰Ȼɫеհǰ˺ɫ̬ȣȴҲ˭÷
ƾҲ䣿ƤһȻ̤һ
Ĺϵ˵ʱо䣬ŶԷһ̤ͬһΡɽҲƵȻֶѹȳƣֱʯ쾪֮ȴǺš
Ǿþս֮ˣ侭ңϡһʣ֮ȫԲѹ˲Ѿðһϸ
벻Էһܼңʵ˹ལţȴҲǿߣ
ĿһƳһ̤̤̤ǰ
λɫһףҲܵ߰˲ֹͨ죬ͽرסȴܿصعŹһȴ佫ӿߵһѪǿ¶ӡ
ҲȫΪӿܴˣѪӿѪ³ȻϢظ˳ԪܹѪ£ȴԪʧֻϢ֮ԿѸٸԭ
òʵȴǹǸ֮ѹµǹѪٶιҲѹֲסһ죬ۡһһѪ֮⣡
ѹѪ壬ϼ˵ѹƲɹԲܷɣԹѪ֮࣬˸ǳֳҡҡ׹̬ơ
𿴹Ͽȫѹ䣬ڲŲԪƷΪΪʥεĲֻ꣬бȫѹȵķݡ
һѪ˳ȥŷֶԷ֪ʲôʱѾջƣĿؿ
˶ͬһ㣬ԾĿŲꡣ
ԼУѾŵǰĸֹϣֻöԷѹѾѹˣ
ߣϺ޺޵ĨĨ죬ȴӲ̬ԣԼ˸ǲǰ֮ˣȻǲΪϲߡ
ԷϳҲܲȵۼһسӾǡ
ߣһߣղǹ˵ʹְҵĵطŪˣߣʹˣһڳѪҲɾˡ
仰һʮĸͬʱɫ
˵ķֱѾȥ˼
ѾŪˣѪȻꣻ˲УҪ˽ǿѪҲɾ˲ߣҪ˵ļư
λܼңôδ̫˰ɣϴ˿ŭڣ˵֪ҲԣȻĶ֣ƴһ¹˭δ֪˱˴һߣպź
겻мЦЦͻȻһΣžžžžžžžžžžžžžž
ʮĸͬʱоһģλڣÿ˶ͬһʱﰤһǶ⣡
ʮĸƫͷžһһѪһһݣ⣬ڵϣȻֳܹͼΣ֮Ҳһֱߡ
𣿡˵¶ɱ˵ҿǵԣΣ
һ֣ལ˾ǸоԷʵǿó㣬ҪɱԼʮĸˣ㲻練ƣҲ£
ʹڶ࣬Ծûа㻹֮
޴Ĳ࣬˼ǰ̸ʲôѪԣϣֻԷŰɱ
ıģԼ£йϵĶ󣬾ƻᵱɱ
ǵأչֳһ£꿴Ϊ׵Ĺϡ
ҧϢţֻ۾ѪɫȴһԲ
ѵǻûмôͷŭզôչ֣Ҫһμô
˵һһļԹ
žžž
һʮĸĶ⡣
ʮĸȫĵط㣬ȴȫȻ޼£ѾȫעȴȫûзӦأһ˲ɲǣѾصسϣһƫͷֻһΣȴƫͷ
һѪԼݣڵٶȳһУԾһֱֱߣ֮ǰֱӳȤ˴˶Գơ
һֶٶվԭأƮƮ̬ȻŶʮĸˣЦЦԳûУҪ֨һǣ
û˵
һ˵㲻֨һʾһԡٺ٣ұֻ֤Ҫ˵һ֣Ӿɹϣǲţ
Ե޹ʣܵҵҰ£ѵô࣬Ȼֱ׳ĽʲôԡһָϽģÿ˶ɨԼŪЩҵĵϴɾˣ
ҪŪɾģ׼ɣһ߾ȪҲį
һ
һΣʮĸȻĵ׼˶ӣÿȴ˵ǰ档
Եʵ֮£Ҫ˵ǱսѪϣһֵĻᶼУ
ǿӲȥֻܰװ׵Ķˡ
ҧһԲĶȥʼʰԼ³ݣѪ
˼ȶȻҲѧʼĲԼ³Ѫ
˭뵽ⷢ䣬ԻϲڵǰվȻôһ
ƵķΧһ֮¾ͬ顣
վһߣעʮĸ˿ֿŵزأÿ˶棻Ψ۵ǲεĲпᡣ
Ϲˣ
ЩﻹûŪɾأˣ㲻֪Ѫӣ˵
ߵǸôûʮҲмʮɣôȫȥˣϴض᣿ޣô˸˼ҹȵϹ
һһ伫񶾵Ӳк˵
кüüѪȴֺݺݵ˻ȥڵϣҪŪܾãûˣ
˼ʾԶȴȫעߣžյĳˣԼͬݺ裬һ˫߬ýģһգҲգ۵עÿһϸڡ
ֻоѪҺڣ
ʵ
ȻʱԼʵ˭Һһ
˭˺ǣ
˭ǣ
Ⱥ˵ǾȻҲн죡
伤ҲҪ
ٹΣལһ˵ڽѪɨϡ
ϲӣ״̧ͷȻѪӿ֣ϽȥΨеأ˲һۣݡ⡭ܿ˰ɡ
һǹƫ֪ˣǵþƲԳԷƣҾͲˣǲལţôôأǣŲߴŵˣ¿ô
ϻڶ£ȴҧһԲ
˼κεֻĳ˵˵
үôСɫǡǲལ£һţŽԼ
Խ˵Խ˼Ҹϱ򳪸棬Ȼ֮ԭҲ˼ϱˡΪ˼ϱϾͷȻͽ˼ţ⻹꣬Ϊ֮󣬻ҪһֱŪ˼Ҽʮꡭ
ôɥĲ˷ָ£ལµôɳأ
һ˿ĭ챾үǴҪֱǵģΪ˸ǵļֱΪôŪǾĵƤŪɾ£ֱǳ룬һЦ
ϱ۾һԲš
̬ˣѾا䣬֮ǰ˵֮ԷĿھȴǰΪͷ˫ѳУѵ֮ҲҪգһʱѪֻĪ罫ϣգδûϴѩ֮ʱ
ȱүôһϺȡ
ʮĸͬʱת
ţһϺȡ
ʮ˵ʱһĶ£ĲȴƺǱӶסˣһҲܶ
Ҳ
󵭵Ժٸ£үɱǲལϳţס˾͸Ͻôļ񣡡
ʮɴ⣬뱧ͷܣ滰˵֨һ
أԼĲһмߣôһﲻҪҪƤļȻҲʲôལšôģȡ֣ʵĲۼţģɹģһɣ


53 ʥƵƾʲô
˭ȡ־Ȼô̫
Ļˣʱһ䡭
ʮĸɥ֮Ȯ©֮һ㣬ҧ裬һ·Ʋ߹ֵͣ£Լõһ㣬ʮĸͬһʱһѪ
ʵҲ֣ʮ˼ͬͬһʱܴͬѡǿ̣˼ڵõͷţ˵ͬʱѪ˵ܹ³ĵһʱ³֮Ѫ
ҲһѪԭǵͨһ˲תɫֱֱصȥ

лһߵǰʩ
״ͷ̾˿ֵܣЩ˶ԴǾһȺ׵͵ʱµˣ
ͷȦˡ
Դӵձ֮󣬺üһеļԸӣˬ˱ĵز
Ǻ׵ġ
ǹҲãҲգԶԷ˲أϾɱΪ˸Լ
ҪȻĿǰûгͣвҲûбҪལʵСۺʵӵɣһǳ
֮󣬾ལڱ˴˵ӡ˲ǩ
ûңݣ
ɵһУԶΪԼһˡ
лӣл磡
ҶЦ߳ʵ䣬ǲûʲôģ
㶣ȻҶЦ仰ֱָҪ˵ʹƬ̣ɬ˵ǣҲӣལڲȷʵ㲻ʲôҶԣԾԺĴڡ
ལŸһ֣ʹҵʢ֮ʱҲĪο޴𣬵ҽ֮ǹȻҲв̫Զ׷Խ֮ܣȻʱգȻֻôһˣҲԺҪƾԼһ֮𣬷ǵңңڣңң
СҲҪСģ˵ĲལЩκβ㣬ལܹò編֮Ҳ޼ལ˶ʦ˵ѾʥΣȴδزǲľС
겻мЦЦʥٺ١ʥ
ɱȻ˵Ǹʲôʦǲգ漸ˣȻһ꣬룡
Եĺɷ֮Ǻһ֣䣬ɵ˲ǣ۵֮ͣĿǰΪȻǻԱģʵϸ룬֮ǰǸʲô״̬ܹǸ״ľ괺ҪʲôԵʲô컯ҪʲôֶΣָ񣿣
һ㶣ͷǰԼ֮ǰ״ݽߣ御ϣƳѾפԼ꣬ĩ·;ȴΪȣԼ鵤̶ʱѾԼΪصʢ֮ʱİ˾ųʵҪε컯εֶΣ
ֻҪԸԼԼΪͻͽ£
Լȴδսӣʵڲ
俪ڣɷ֮ôڵʵ̫ȱġ¾ƶȡֻҪ˭˵Ĺ׶ȹˣͿԻȡһŵ񵤣ǧΪĵ鵤и絤ƽҲֲָ壬޸һӦ񵤣ֻҪ㹻Ŭһж
Ҫǰ·̫ãɷ֮ᵽЩȻУȴҪԼ׶лȡġ
ҶЦҲ޳ǣֻҪǹ͹󣬸࣬ӦĻȡҲԽ񣡾ǡҪʥƿƽڱҲ£һ仰
ֻҪ㹻Ĺ׶ȣ˹Ӧ
仰ҶЦСĺɷ֮Ͳȴˡ
һԣȴ֮
۾ǺѪرȭӣ϶ϲٳж֮ԣѾһε˶ԣʧȥĲµģ˺Ȼһֱǰ޻أʸ־޶ҡ
˵ձ㼴תȥظͦαӰǳ޾ϣ
Ϻ˵ЩУǺɣɵͷҶЦȻԺɷ֮б
ҶЦÿɷĵΪʲôˣС¾ȻҲҪ˵ٻƽμҳ£ҵԴҪֵ֧ġ
Ȼֱܸӵ֧֣ԴҲûУν֧ԮһЦÿһʱ䣬һߡ
Ϊʲôʲôά֣б¸Ūһ
ҶЦ˸ۣĲ
룬һʱ仹벻֮ʣ˵ģ˵еǿŵƼ߻ص̶ȱѾǲƽλƷкڰһݵĺϾֱʵò귢
Լ֮ǰֻŵڣȻúƤȡֻԼ˵ĺϾƣжϣĪ˵ԼۣҲδؾôݳ޵
ʱദĺʹԼô˵Ǿ仰㡭Ұ㡭ҪΪЧòҿźŹſţĴ
ûǰԼ᲻أ
ȴ֪ղЩȻģҶѾҪáҶҺˡݿɹƭȥˡ˵ֻѻ۲գȻӦ
һоʵһֱ׳
ЩСҲҪüٻƽƣһҶӸղû˵ٻܹƽ£˵ٻʲôһ·òҶһҲû˵滰
һԼܺŪĺݽɫŪʲôҳ㷹Сһ˶ѣ
ٺЦûСûжʥҲõĵҩóƣҾҪ֤ʵһ£һ¶ѣһզ֪ǲڴţ
ҶЦбۣƷʮֵŲһˣ˵ȥػ˾Ѿˣ
ŭô˵ǲˣ
ҶЦһתͷߡ
׷ȥ첱Ӵֵ׷ʵƾɶң
ҶЦŤͷĳһۣЦһԼŵùԼνô
ԵʱһҭβŵզأҵĲػǡ
ˣֻҪ㷢ĲҵģҾó㿴ĳ˵ȻֵʲôշԾΥƨɵǺֵһģ
ҡ
ôˣήˣˣҶЦĵĿѾ漸ӣ˭֪Ȼڱүǰһףϲ㻹Щ
ŭľͷģҷĲģҾͲţƾһδɵСӣȻĻȺö
ҶЦһۿϸˣ
˵֣̯ƣĿȴǿտҲһ
أŪʲô飿ɵġ
㿴ɶҲûаɣҶЦ͵ǰϲ㴵һҸϷ񵤡
ɲǼ࣬ŭ㵱Сأͷпռߣװʲôͷ⣿񵤣ҿǴ
ҶЦ߳ŭʲôϾˡ
šˢһ죬ȻһöССƿ
ҶЦԵһŵҩɲǼ䵤ڣ˱ǡ
˿̣Ѿڡ
է鵤۾ʱֱˡ
ۿŵҩ˵⡭ʥƵҵġû뵽ʥƵȻҲƼģôܣôܡ
ʥƵ˼壬ʥַ֮ΪͻͽƽƵĵҩΪһʥΣԵĵҩãΨΪĵҩûаá
ʵҲֹҩʵϣĵرʥ֣ЧҲ΢΢
Ψһ־ۼ˶ָ߼ĵرַƵƷ鵤ܹʥЧ鵤ʥƵ
ʥƵʥַһűܹƾΪ
ǧҪСΪʥߵİΪʥߵİΪȫͬն
ԴʥƵҲʦо߼ʥƵϧʼգҲʥƵڸ߼絤ʥƵȴǽڴ˵֮С
òҲ벻ȴǣҶЦóģȻ˵жûд˵ġĵʥƵ
ʥƵʥߵĹܹﵽһʲôЧأ
붼ġ
Ƶλ޵УԵƷɶĺöˣ
ҶЦٶбۿ±״̬֮еĳһۣһٶȳ⵹һ߰˿뻮һĵʥƵعĲ꿴۾ֱһĭ
ȻΪҵǲ
Ǹ⣡
Ļϣ˵ޣܵõƼʥƵֵǿ϶ֵõģǡ
Ļ۲ġ
Ȼһѵľ
ҶЦ״Ȼ̾˿˹Ľҩһſַ˻ȥƿ˵ϧֵҩڶʱòˣҪЩҩױԴе㲻ģ˵ҸǰǳԶơ
۾ֺõЦôõĶôܽ£ǱﰡӦǰ
ҶЦȤĶĳˣϲ㲻ǳԴҩɣ˵ģǰ£ʲô۵
ЦǺǡҵ˼˵ʵ˵õϣãǡ֣赺ϣ޷졣
ҶЦ˸ۣȻãƾʲôֲǾˣֻһڣ


54 б
ɲǼſڽ࣬Ŀ࣬ƿԣ
ҶЦԵͷȥֻһ仰ϲעЩ¡ȥһֵܻ᷽棬ǿ϶ʥߣػЩʥƵܻӭһԽ׵༫ϳ˵Դ
˵գԽõ档
վԭأԵʱ뵱״̬˼ǰҡ
ġ
ۿôʥƵȻǰ
˵ж˵ĵƼʥƵ
ġ
ƫƫ԰
ⲻҳԣҪ˳ԣ˭ӭ˭ܲӭ
˵ˣȻ˼ҳҿţ
˰ɡ
ᡣ
ʱҶЦ˵Ǿ仰ϲһ죬Ҫҵľ
ʱԼȫȻмһˣ֮Աǣ仰
ǽһڰԼ̫ʵʣʵ̫ĨӣҲѾͷźʲôģҲˣƣʵǳޣʱˣ
ҶЦװŵ񵤵СƿľңϾ¶һĨƻ͵֮ǰЦݡ
꣬Ҫ
ߺߡ֪ôġ
㲻Ҵȣƾʲô㣿

ҶЦʱ
ҳǣѾ׵
ҳǣʮδкϹ
Ƹ¥֣һְͣȫ
а˴֣а˰ˣ֡˻ܲ
ֵܻ򷨰򷨰˳ҳ𡭡
ǿƽ룬ɵš
봬սܾˣų룬̵
˻ǰɹռ춫ҴԺ
ֵܻٶȳͼռĴԺʧء

һϢϻܹ
ҶЦֻһ飬漴ͽյֵϢֱ˳ȥƴֱʵϣ߽صϢѾԺб
ȻҶЦоӪһȱȱһִá
£ֻҪˣŻʵоԼȱʲô
磬ԼᵽĹ׽Ҫʲô̶ȵĹףŹˮ׼
ν׶ȣָЩҪһӲԹ涨ˣһҪר˸ලҪ죬Ҫ֤ʵ
ôȱٵ־Ͷȥ
ΪԽ࣬ҶЦҲԽԽоͷʹĸоһϸ쵼ˣʵʵڵǲõġ
ְⷽܣĪ˵ҶЦУɷ֮꣬ȫУҪʵרҵ˲ϣ˳Чʵʩ
ԭڷҳǹٷй٣˳ƹ棬Υؾִϣ飬ѪȻڷҳػ˾ʧ֮ʧȥĹʱ˹ʱʱٱ˵ĶӾ֮С
ҶЦ˵֮󣬺ܸɴؽһСȫӹ为ƹܲƣãˡ֮ܶһӦڹȫλүˣ
ʵûˡ
Ȼֻǵһ֮󣬹үλֻԪƷΪҪʵ̫࣬û۵ñȥ
үӣڷҳô꣬и߿ƼʽѣԼŵùɽҶЦѭѭգṩȫϣš
ֽ׶εķҳǣҪĲǲƲ棬ȫ
ݰȫϵջùүֱӻ۾
˭ûмʽѣ
һЩүԭΪۣȴ͵ˣҲ˹ԡ
λүӵĳټ֮£Ӷ˶ʮˣȫЯҴڵʵ񡭡
ҶЦԴ˵߲ܣһ£ȱ˽׶Σкû˵⣬պҲˡ
ҶЦ£ִãããáȵȣܵģһԺĸְλĿӦоС
Ѳ߶ӳѾһһصĻҲƶơ
ţһǳεľ֣ڱ֤ȫˣǡû˹ܰ
ԱȷʵȫˣҲȫȫˡ
ǡ佫һֻáԱ
䣬\ɷ֮
һٸְλԱѾλǸල˵ˡĶ󣬾ֻˣ
ҶЦ״ٶɵۣ
ôġɶʱбǲǵһҪòã
ܲ˶ųԸɷɣ
һЩƦåЩʣҲ¶ɲǡ
ⷴڣڵķҳǣѰһƦåòƶͦѵģ
أ
أ
ҶЦӵǡ
Ҿϡ
ת
ã
˵еãʮڡ
ˣ
һλ֮ˣҽ
Ϊ
һҳУһսϢͻأˡ
Ƹ¥ռǵؽ磬ͻȻϮ
ҹˣ糱ˮһǿӿ룬Ŀɭɭɱ
ܵģǷƸ¥ʱܲһ˲ѾȻϮݻٴ
Ƹ¥ȻⰤ򲻻֣ʱչҵķˡ
֪ĺˣһӿʵߺᣬ飡
չӷԸɷϢԮƸ¥ڴ˵ظһ꺺ӣ۾ĹʣѾ췭ظȴԾ㣬ɽ
⡭Ϯĵ˲ûбǹ෴¿Է󲿷ֵֶǽɢޣóȻԮ²ʦֶڵǰ̬Ʊʾɡ
㵱ɵôһӣôֱĿŵĹ϶ǹӶɢޣܱ֤оݣշ磡һ۾
ǡ
ֱӷϢ˵ǹϮĪ˵ȷϮȻ治ǣҲҪʺӿͷϣҪпѱ磬ʺҲʺ
ǣ
ԥʱԮϢ
һṦ֮һƿһӰͬз׷ɱսȦ
ǰս֮У˷Ƹ¥ı֮⣬ܵң˶Ǻڽ档
ֻ֮еĸ첲ϻһë֧ԮƸ¥ģȴǸɫУ廨š
ǱҪã˼ҹսҶУ뱩¶ݣûзֱǺţû׼Լ˸Լ˴ˣ
һսһֱ賿ʱ֡
һ죬ԼƺߣǳǰԺڣپʬ壬˵ȺƳˮһ㼱ȥ
ɹһ֮ž
ս֮УѪζ˱ŨԾɣȻһΣҲѾڲ֪ɢȥˡ
Ƹ¥մʼնû֣һֱվһС¥ϣֹս磬ÿһǰϮĸ֣ÿһǰĸ֣һ©һһʶ
ڣ˵ȵĳص㣬ȫμס©
ָӣէʵÿһζǡôۡ
ۿɫ⣬һߣĬĬ
ǽҪô죿ֻԡѪףҲû̫
ʰо֣פؼ򵥵Ĵɨһ¾ͺãⱣܽ䱸ڽưյ˵һ䣬תȥ
ǣ
ִ˿̶λνͶأô˴һֱһ£һֱΪľɣЩƣһǸһһʱᱻƵĸо
һս֮ȴ׸ı˹
ճɣʼҲûʲôһζĳɽһζĲԲ
һվսе˾ͺƶһĹǴڡ
ְŲþܽһΣ֣Ǹ֮İãǱ߽ģ֮ǣȻҶæ˴֮޿ȫĺ϶
Щ֮жԹڡ
һָǡôжԹֿˣһֱⳡս˴˶֪жԷҲһսһԼͬһߵġ
ĿسҲΪ֮̾
Ҫնϣ˼Ҫεܲ
ӻԵЩǸҲΪˣԼЩ˴˼ʲܸȫɣ
ϾҶһ֯һսսѡ
ָӣ֮£ѾһЩӵζ緶СԼԹӵĸ߶ȴûκ뷨߲ʣΨоķݡ
ôͻĪز˲أ
ʵڼʰɡ
Ժˡ
ȥʱ˼תš
ڽʵʵǿҪ֯Ȼѡ֯֯ľͬʱҪθͬദΨĺͬͬ²ܵȫ֤

˴ηҳҲϮ֮гǧ֮Ǯնɢޣ󱾲ֲδۣռԷˣ֮ҪְܹǵµС
ǰԮСûǰǡԮȴС£ȷϣ©
˴ζְΪ̽˴֮Ӧж
ܶԵϮԤϣηƸ¥ԱΪɹۡδ˽ǣԳһңмڴˣǿҪǲȶġ趥Ϊá
ҳ主ԴСÿԴ֮Ӧܻ൱̶ȵĲ⡭


55 ˭ܾ
дһƪüͷϸϸؿһ飬ȻһЩɾ˲֣¹ĳ¼һ飬Žƪսܽᷢ˳ȥ
֪ҪΪοԼԺչж顣
Ȼǣҳǵ׵ʧӶᵱУȻõϢ̬ȣԼӴ˲ۣȴӰ쵽֮ÿһ塣
ԼΨнЩ鱨ϢܵдϸԹӵĴ档
Ϣȥ֮վȴѾȫףɫ⼴٣սΨüͷȴԽԽȻδˡ
ҳڷƸ¥ңûʱ
Ƹ¥ɺܿ죬ȴʵ̫һЩ㲻֮ݣԹӵǣῴչ⡣ΪʲôҪôѡأ
֪ΪʲôоȻǷƸ¥Ϊֹ֣ڹУȴΪ֮
ôչϧգȴΪʲôд˱Ҫ𣿡
Ϊ˵Ƕ
Ǳڵ˴ڣ
ѵΪֵܻ᣿
ǡ屾
ֻоԼԽԽǷңԽԽ飬׽׽ԼЧķƸ¥ҲԽԽеˡ

ҩ죬
ֹѪĵҩ𣿡
ʲô
ܣôûоˣôᣡġ
нһСջ档
Ůһķŭл֣̿һ־ڽӡ
磬㡭ǧҪͦסһа취ģһҩʦǡǡǿ취ȾҴ磬ˣ취
һ꺺ӽڳλҽߣ󺹣һ̼
ԱߵļʦмҩʦεҡͷһİĪΪ
ŵһ꺺ӣվȻúܣһɽĻֺء˼ɫҰףްѪɫڴϣһϢʱһغ
Ȼ˻ܱ־ؿλõһ󶴣ٱһ룬κ˿ֻ¾ֻ֡ûˡ
ڻûֻΪ޵ԪûɢάһϢ
״̬϶޷־ã϶ϳŲ̫á
ڵķҳǣһҹֵ߲֮ˣʦҩʦǹӦϡһ£ܹۼôĵʦҩʦڴ˵أʵǿᣬҲΪɹۣʦҩʦǮöģǵǰķҳǣҪ붯ʦҩʦҪǮе൱ʵ
ۿǼҩʦʦɫ꺺׻˵ľƺһ̳׵Ŀˣ촽ţ˲ʱᡣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδʱΨʱһ᣿
ԭ׳˶ͦεƺɷǼ䱻˼ȻֻסƵᾶԴָ
ȽλֹѪ춯֣ԴԴϵһŮߴš
źߵһŮϥһִֻ˼Խڴؿڣȫ޽ơԴԴϵķʽȥŮȴԼȶ󺺼ϿӻǴһɢ
ȻԪķʽһּΪֶΣŮȻ岻ΪտʱĴԪɫǲ԰ֽ޽ǸѾˮȻҲѾ;ƿʱݽߵĵزȴǲϷ֧֡
ŮУǾķֻ֧֣ҪܹоǴ󺺻ŵ¶ȣͷ·ȫԾɴڡ

һһϢɢȥǴһغŮӵҲҪ֮
ΪϵĴ󺺲ϴ˿ڣһһεϸķҩһһķϸƵַܵԼ޵ľԪ޸ԼĴ˴
˵ȫʩΪǳֳ췦УʹЧҲУȴˮн޼ô֣Ǵ󺺽಻ϢڵţϽ
Զ׼ٹƬ̣󺺱㽫߾Ȫһ
ûˡϵĴ񰵵˸һ£Цǡٰ׷ˣҡѾˡôƵԪȥȲҲֹðԼȥ
ߵĺŮһԲͬûһ㣬ҧԾ޽ƴݹԼԪһ˲һѪͻأ˳
ȻһڣѾֿݽ״̬ԪȻֱϽȡ֮֮
㡭㣡
ͬԪ˼״ϲֵؽг
ŮΪԪʩչ屾ԴԪǱȡԪʱԪ֮ȻЧԣȴֹʵļԪЧֻƬ̣޷־ã˿ʹã޼£
ϵĴ󺺴һæֹ㡭Ҫ
ŮӷЦЦȴǼʩԪ
ǻס󺺽ؽе
΢ԭԼܵȻ̬֮ͻȻת䣬ļ٣޴֡
Ů磬ϲþˡһֱšͬþˡ֮ǰҶúõģҲ˵һҸǿ֡ڡˣһţҲû˼һʬ⣬
ҲܲˡЦЦҵǽԼΪҽҲԸ⿴ǰȥ
Ů˷ģȴ޿ɶҡļᶨ̬˵磬ȻһҪôǰ棬һ߾Ȫظ¼ţҲ·Ȫ·ңһߣ
ٶȱŷһμӿٶȡ
Ȼƴ۵Ĵ߷ԼǱԴΪԼ
ʱȵԼԪǱȫݹȴ̣֮ǰɥ֮ʱȻôˣȻȻˣ
޼£;Ȳ˵Ӧ˵ֻԼһ˵ھˣ˵˵ɱʽߣֻԼ֮ǰѣ
Ծ޷ˣһ޻ڣ
Լ˵
һҪǰ档һ߾Ȫظ¼ţҲ·Ȫ·ңһߣ
ƺֻƽֱһ仰磬ǷԼҲֻഭһҾഭһɣֵõģ
ϵĴر۾Ȼ֪Լô˵ûˣ˳űŵ۽¡ҵĴǲӦòжһУۼ
磬ǹͬľ˺ڵļײǽǼ˼⣬Ѭģ㱾ǲͬġء
ѪĽӣԲסʹ顣
֮ǰΣʱ̣ͦԼǰһһ̣˺ڵĶˡ
Լ̰ͼ棬֣Ϊ˾ԼԴԶԶԼ˵ľտΪôôصˣ粻ԼˣԼӣﻹôβߺߺޣ
Ǳڸҩʦʦϣͼܹҵһ꺺˵ϲ㣬þˡšþˡ仰ʱӶȻһȻתͷ
ؿŷгģ¶ʹԼһľ
һֱﰵ׷Ѿö꣬ӳĬĬػĿŵ׷󣬴ֵҲæϣʼûдӦ̬ȸԼ˽֮ܽŮҵĺߣ
Ȼһֱ֪񲻶ԾԼװͿװֱ֪ԭˣǴ硣
ԼˣͬˣǸ˶ȴӦ֪
ԴôƸйϣҲֻΪչԼĸܣһֱûнܷһֱɵڣ˼ʱҸۼź޺
ҾǸˣͬף꺺ͨһڵϣҺ
ΪԼһһֱӱ˴˵⣬ɵڣۿţҪ˫˫Ȫ
һˣ꺺Ӽֱ޲ܹĴ̤ϻȪڤ;
ֻһһӰŶԷרעܹĸоһ̣ûκˣܹм䣬ûκܹ˷ֿ

֮ǰΣ˷ҲƵ״ԼȴʼղֻһζȡϣͼгһգʯΪ˹飬ȴԶ׼޶Ӷ
ٹƬ̣ǱĴģͷ˿𲽱ûҰס
ŮӵòҲڳֵ˥ϵơ
һƣԴĿĵķʽγ֡
Щʲôֻ֪⣬ģäżɡš꺺ӹڵϣʹļףġҰɡ
ͬҲһһԪһգνޡ
꺺Ļ֮ʣͻȻץסһλʦץסһһʵûа취ûа취ôûа취ô
仰ʱѷȥ˲ʮ顣
˼촽һ飬ѾľǼµķ;ͻȻʹ˹ʦȾҴ磬ȾҴ硭
󣡷Ƹ¥꺺һ𣺡ҶƲ죡
ŴϵĴ󺺣Ѿ״ֵ̬ܼλҩʦ̾һߵٰ޼ƣĪף
˵ƺ뵽ʲôͻȻһ
ĸˣͬǴϵŮӣŴһѸͻͷϣĿҩʦ
ҩʦЩȷ˵ұ˿϶ûа취ģʵ̫أҶ϶ܾ֮ǰ˵һ¡Ҳ֪ûף׵Ļ硭߻һҲȷǸϢȷԡǲɿֻһᣬֻ˵һ˵
ʲô᣿ʲô˵ĸͬʱ۾ɵԲԲġ
ʱ򣬾ϣէ٣ͺˮˣͻȻץһݡ
ûãҪ֮Ϊһ̣˵ӾͻأسϣĹʣ
ڹۣһ˿һϣҲҪȥԣȫȥȡ
˵ҳǣһĵطáġרα֮ˣרҽҩɾȣųʮԻȡԷʩȵ̡ܿѡһһҾճͣӴΪЧڶҾҪҴʵĳ֮⣬㻹ҪΪһ¡¿κ£ֻҪ˵͸¡κκʱ㣬κζ󣬶ñԼ⡭ֻҪҳʩȹˣΪС
֮⣬ʩȵĿ꣬ȥ￴ˣȥˣΪҪﵽԪϣΣᡭ
ҩʦЦһ£½ȴûгɹʩȵĲǶԣҲ͵һЦաô̵˻ȥ
ãŮͻȻ伱ʵʴ˵


56 ǰ
ڳС˵һô֮ϡҲ֪ļٵġҩʦ߻û˵꣬ͿĸѾѸж
ֱӽ̧һǰ·ŮԾʹôݹԼάִϴ󺺵ϢȻ׼ҽˡ
㡭ǡҩʦĿࣺҪȥǡϢҲֻ˵δܹ׼
ҲãҲգ¾ֻһϣҲҪһȣҲȥ
Ҫ˵ΪЧһ¡ֻҪܾҴӴ˰ҵɹһԴûϵ
кᣬ̤߳ȥ
ֻࡰһʦȻ֣гԼ֮⣬Ѿȫʧټˡ
С
ĸ˹һŴ󴲣ǣŷҳǺ򼱼ȥ
ã
жڵ棬ϣġ
ֻҪ㵱ʮҪ˵ΪЧǵԴ㶼ɡֻȻҴ磡

ã
һôãеǿôһհɣղ죬ڷҳԶɼ
ΪףĹ֮£Ȼܿ쿴һڷҳͳ˶һĵı־콨ۿĴ棬˶һ񣬼߷
죡ٿЩŮӷĴߴ٣תͷ硭ǿ쵽ˡһҪȥϾ͵ûˣ
¶ĹâȫעڷĿϣ¶Ц⡣
һܻڶ죬ҶȻȢΪޣҲϲ㡭Ѿϲ˺öˣǡ
ȪӿһģһģҵţҵڶȢңҴԼؼ
ǰĶԼƺԶҲ̧һ֮ĶҲƵ߿񱼶ȥ
¶Ȼһ𣬴һٿһЩĪҪñǰͷȥ
ÿһϢÿһɲǶҲһϢ֮һɲǵĵϣ棬
Ȼˣһҹ֮Уҳ˵ʵ̫ˡ
̧Ŵ󴲵ֵͬʱһѪȻҲȼǱٶȥ
֮ͬһ˳ȥ

ҽҶЦ˼Уְ֡üŴλ
û취֮ڵһеǰֻҶЦܹ죬ֻжλλ֮ڻԴ֣ˣȻ⵽󷨹
񹦼ǶܣһСкϾޱתҶЦǲ괳ԼаտԱ֮ɱ֮
ȻʵݣϾʵߵʲô̶ȣʥǿߵܵ׵һЩҶЦ֪֮У
ողúüŴλҶЦԿǣҪҪУҵ棬ⰲһأ
˿Ϊﲡ֮أҲΪѵϾ⼸еܶȣԼμģʽܶȼ׷޾ռˣʥأ֮ãδɽֶصź
ţҪװ鷨󣬾Ӧǰأ氲Լʲôط
ڿգͻȻһĴ𣺡ãҽأҽڣ
ţѾˣ
ҶЦԲһ㶣Ȼ֮ǰѶûҽȣڻ˼ʵˣ·мֻ֣̿ĳ˱ϾĲҽϴ̫컨׹ҲĨɱͨҽ࣡
ȻƬ̾Ϳ첽˽
ӣҽڵϦΣ鲻á
ҶЦһȻ鲻ãʹǽɣ෱Ƚڡ
˵һռͻȻ뵣ʹҲ˵ݡ
ҶЦˣӯء
һȴЧĹǣԺҶЦȴӯ߽ǰ߸ǣأֳѣһݾɣ
˶˽Ų𣬶ڶ԰˵лл
˼أڴУõĲҽأ
漴ɷ֮ԵѾȥһˣܵȵŶӣܵȵԱ㡣
漴һŭԼԹ̾Ϣ
˭֪ǰǣĴ£ڽûг֮ǰ˭Ҳ˿κΪ˵Ľ
ҽʦʦǺ쳾ߴϵְҵοǲҽʹקŵըĳƺŻûõӡ֤ȴԾκ˲
껺ԶԶǰ˼ʺȻѾ֮ˣɵõɴ۾⻹ԶԶǼޣۿԶ˲ϲ
ĳ˶ӲĪˡ
Ҽһֻ֪ͨˡֻˡҿԱ֤ûж֪ͨ
ҿԱ֤ȷϣ֪֮ͨУûǰЩڣ
һûУ
ǰЩˣô֪ģ
ôͻȻӵΣǴ֡
ؾͺôֵһˣ
⡭⣬Ǽ˽ܵϢ
ڵǰǰʢȻɵۣǱġ
Ҳզ£
ĶȷĿ϶Լ֪ͨˣÿһֲôϲ˵ˣְҲѵÿ˵ˣ˵ǻٵˡ
ô
Լֻǰ֪ͨˣػô˶֪ˣ
Ϻ߼ʵְ̫ɣ
ۿĵȴԽԽ࣬оһۣмƼΡ
ôģ֮ǰֻ֪ͨ
ؾȻԽϢô죬ֱǸСϵ׼׼ģѵСӾ׼һУ̫а˰ɣ
ɶǺųؿƿ˰

ҽأ
ҽĶֵܿ첻ˣءأ
òˡҽȾáʲôҶӦԵġ
ȾҶӣҸǹˡ
ôôЩ

лʲôĶǣ֮һƬӡ
Ѿ˰಻סԾԾԵҪȥĳĳҽҽԼ˵뷨
һڶȺ˹ȥ
һ·ߵſڵþ֮䣬ͷһԲõӳȤΨĿɭȻ
էȻȻȫһԲȴǱ̬ȣ˭Ӳһذɣ
𽣣꣡
ȺУһ
ɷǼ䣬ʱȸļȻΧ֮С
ν˵Ӱ꣬ɢ޷ưǰ˵УĴɱ֣ôԵǰ̬վ
֣ôѵ㾹ΪǲҽľΣΪЧôȺУһۺϵǰΧԶԲһ䲻зԶӵġࡱϲʧгϲҽԵ˵˵ûǧҪȾֶӡֶӡҪˡ
Ǵߣиһò긾ˣ˿ӵһ˵壬棬ʹһ꣬ʱǿ˴ǣϲЦͬգȴεΪۡ
ɲôȵطȻˡôҲ˵һ㻰
ڳԲġࡱ뾫񣬱Ͼﲢ֪˵б»ͽĸֶշΪЧԶ׼ɾΪζмЧⱾ˳µ飡
˼ôһӣܲеϣ
ҲһǡôҲߣ߾ǡ
۴һɸֵĿ̾˿ŭǸ֪ߵغֶӡʡĵĶŴ˼죬Ͳ֪ԼԼɷˣ̰ͼķͣҪȥֵ顭֪ʲôˣǱѾһ۴ʯ쾪춯أӲ³ϹȥʱСѾ˴Һɩ˸Ͻʵ̫أеʦҩʦΪŵʮĴ˵һϣû뵽ȴֵˣȻ첻ҶҶоˡ
һ˵һأҡͷ֮ɫΨ۾ȴǲϵعĿԼĶӣ֮Ա
ϲֵܣɩˣҽȾֶӣʲôǶӦҲ޷긾˱ŶӣͻȻ䡰ͨһڲǰȪӿأ档
𡭡ɩǸʲô״һһ߲ܣһչ긾ˡ
ǰӣǿɲǵ֮ǺպɢڷɽɽɽˡӶΪǿĽɫκһ˶ɢ޷ưǰʮ֮У־Уһǳ˫赣Ȼǲ֮ʱȫԸҲӦά裬ܵһغĲҵ֡
ȻҲܾУƴܾˣܾǣȡս
էˣΰԼԼôĸǸҽԵĲ˼
Ǹˣ˳Ʋ鿴˻״ҪһɵóһʺҪԴһ󶴣Ŀλһ͸ĿķȻеλҲһ
ˣͻһ˿޵Ϣʾ仹һ˼䡭
ҿ⡭ôȣë


57 һʱ̶
ƣһ֣ѾûоȡСӾȻͬʱĴ𡭡
Ѿһʬ壬ҲͱʬһϢѡ
ҲΪӣȻ£ܸһ
֪ҶЦһŵƼ߻صҲԼǰչʾͬΪƼʥƵг챦Ͼֱ֮ǲҪҪģҶЦÿչһóıʵ͵ڿһβĵޡ
ÿβ궼޲ֱӴҶЦôıңҶЦ㱾ҽʦʦҲ㹻Ӧ״ǰ˵״ôܾȵˣ
ʺȱϢ̣ȱʶȫķ٣ܾʧҪĵ𣬹御ϣԪظƶʧȥ벻仹ʲôҽֶΣܹͨЧǻܾȵûǲӦǾ仰üأ
벻ӵʹʲôֶΣȻһϢд棬ѾǼ˲˼飬˼ˣѾ귢һλüĸпˣ
Сɩ֮ͬԼһ𡭡ŵסһ̲סˮӯֵܡֶҪһҲϨˡ͵ڡ͵ɩӡҲȥˡ
һ
ͬ꣡
Ψʥ߲ʩչĳȴҲǵоõĽ֮˷Լ깵ͨԼάĿ֮˵
ֻҪʩչ˷Ŀ괦ں״̬δΣһʱ̣
Ȼ˷ЧȻ󣬱׶ȴҲͬԣʩչ֮󣬱Ȼʩ֮˰֮⣬ʩչȥ֮ջȲĿ֮ˣôԲ𣬲Ŀ֮Ҫʩ֮ͬҪһ߾Ȫ
ʵϣʥߺεΪӦֶΣܹõ֮ͬ
ߣҪõ֮ͬĿ֮˾ųɾŶھ޾ȵ״֮Уʥ߲Ǵײˣм˻֪ˣԣ֮ͬȻÿһʥ߶ֶΣһʥߣһҲδһܹʩչһΣ
Ȼ˼ʺɽɽȴΪȶðգʩչһԼΪעΪӵһίʵĸ죡
ɩ˾Ҳ̫嶯ˣŽţʶ̾Ϣһ
ڷɽ򸾵ĶĴˣһѾǾ֮ˣܡ
£ڷɽɽ˾Ȼѡʩչ֮ͬ
ⱾѰ·
۾̧ϲҺγ֪֮ߣҺһ֮Уֻһ硭ֶûˣҲûٻȥԸԸһ
𶯣̾һһģҲֻĸ״󰮣
ֵܡ㿴ܷҽʩȣٸһη򡭡󺺽״ضŲꡣ
ʵֺֹǺڷɽɽڳˣҲ԰
ôΣߣΣҲв˵ȲСʩȣһŲסģһû£߻Ǻ£ǾûǸƱʧѵļ˷УǱΣƾһڴһʱпɣǵȺ𼤷ߣҲֿܵ
ŴҶףʱգգ۵ʱҲһߡһģͽȥҽûʽʩֶΡ
лֵܣڷɽǸм
λ԰꣬ͽȥѯҽͳһظִ˵һ䡣
л磡
лү
лл
ת롣
оϣĹʣĳ˽ϣء

һˣԲϧһһȣȳá
ҲҿõĴſÿһŴ󴲵ͻ룡
һȥĿмλеģģӰɫ֮Ʈҡһ㣬һķΧ
ȻܵɫƺʹʹֻǴУҲǸоһ
ڷеı󺺣Ҳ˱һЩ
΢תԶԶȴзŮӾϲĪϣ֮
òҽǰȲĳʵֻѲƽԽмֲϿµζ
ҵҲҽҽߣֻѡҶЦʣߺˣʲôˣΪΣ֪õĹô
֪֪ͬʱ˵ҵȶ췢ģֻҪܾȻҴ磬ӴΪǰ󣬾Ϲᣬ޻ڣ
ԷǲνĲҽص㣬ֻҪԷܹȻ磬ĲҪ
ҶЦһԳ磬ʹ۶̧ҿ
ϽӵǴ󺺣֮ŨŵɫӰָʾһӯȻĴϡ
ҶЦĪ⣬뵵Թһ۴ϴ󺺣ȻǱ֮ˡ
ˣɻа취ҽΣʵ
ҶЦƬֻ̣Ƭ̣ĸ˵ȴ·ޱ޼ʵĺڰУϵ׹
취Ȼеģò޲ҽʮĴȴҶЦ̾˿û뵽һ㼴ֵּˡ
ǰ߼Ѿһʬˡ
ƣĻоô
ҶЦûһţж֢ĵҩǵҩƼܾȻô
ЩҶЦڴߴ١
˵ʲôû壬Ͻöʩҩ˵ҽɣ

ռУϴҩ糱ˮһҩɽľռɽ԰ٴ㺣֮ƣѸٻ۵˶Сצ֮У漴ʧһ֮˲ʱ޾ռ䡣
ǿƳĽС֮С
ţһſŵ񵤣ڶǰɫѸٳ͡
һʱ̶
ҩκ˱Ҳٳһʱ̣
ȡ
һ
ҶЦæץһ֣⵹Ӧ
һ˲Ŀ۽ڴϵ󺺣ʲô֣
׶Ҵ֡æ˵
ҶЦͷһͻȻжȻһɫâһ׶죡
һȣͻ֮ơ
ϽһϢ׶ȴظܵԼԭѾήɢ꣬ͻȻһ£鲻ԽشӦһ
ҶЦ磬һŵҩ׶С
ʳ¯ĵƶ


58 Կܵջ
һŵҩһѸڻ븹׶һԸоظ֮䣬һůĸоһʱͬˮһ㣬˵ԭŵȻڳţȴһȻĪǿԪעȫı仯սδ֪Լһʱ֮ڣǿԿ϶ġ
ڿԽÿˣֶΣûһһغˣҶЦŷ˵
ÿҴû𣿡ϲʵ
˼ʷҵһʱ̶־٣ҲҪൢһʱ̲ܴߴˡ
ҶЦ֮һʱ֮ڣǲҪһغġǾͽչȥҩΪλ磬ܳŵþ
أԲŵصͷӣȴ׶ǰɣδ˿תɫȴȻ˼ֺ󣬻кҲ࣬˼ǣԼֹͣԪǵû˿ˣ࣬Ϣ׳Ҳ볣죡
⣬۲۵һ漣
һʱ̶Ǻҩû˴ƣȴ֮Ԫ󸴣񵤣ת͵컻֮Ч
ǷǶ׶״ΪϤ֮£ۼʱݣҽ֮ҩȣϿɵϲءͬߵһ㣬¡
֮ǰ֪׶ʱûпޣֻţֻҪܹԼһ·ڤȪǡİ磬ߣһɢؼҲν֮һҪһ·
˿̿׶쾹Ȼлȥϣŵľϲ޸˿˲䣬ȴҲͬʱ֮ǰѻĺ¡ġָϤһ̱ˡ
Ԫи״֮£ʱ֧ŵķΧ֮Уվվסˡ
ŵȻһʱ̣ҩҲͻûˡҶЦ˵оǣþ˵ĹأǶðɣ
½̧ţԱԼѰһŽȥɡҩȥУҵò°úǵĴ磬ǵð̧˵ƴߣ
ǡǡǣлҽ֮
ϲͳ˼һҩͼӰЧѾʤ֮ǰʩȹеʦҩʦҽʦ̫̫ˣ治Ǵ˵ʮĲҽ
ʲôϣ
˼ǫòã˼ҵҽͨ趼Ѿˣôǫ飬ǲҽʲô˼ǫ˼ҵ£Щ߼ҪûУǾ̫쵰ˣ
ȻѾ׳Ϊĳҽӵ˿Բз۵֣
ᴲֵСȵ̧׶Ĵڣȴ֮ͨÿͨ඼һķ䡭
滹źƣһһֱʮġ
Ȼ˳µһŷﰲ׶찲ڲ֮ϣ˲볤һһ̣˲ŷ׷׸оԼҲ˲ᣬ£ʹ
Ҳ֮ڵɫŨԾɲ컷Χ£תϢܣԪظٶԶʤƽգǷ֮ǰǿдݹԪ׶ǵԪ޺ģ״Ҳ½һٽ㣬˼ʵõɫȻܾʹֲȱʧȴ״ڽһ񻯣
˴˼⿪ȻЦݡ
˷شȴǱܹȥһֵܻһЯֲ磡
ֻҪһǰڣֻҪǻһ˭£ʲô£Ҳûиνʲôطǻţ
ҡҵĽֺͷɶʱֹôģ˭ҿȥģԺӵ̻ô̩ɽôģˡ
仰̲סЦ
Ц˿ظ
ȷղΪ˴ˣʲôˡ
񣡡һȴһԱֹȻΪ
׸˵ܶžͷһ˺ԼֵܶԼһƬء
ԼҲİ֮ˣҲʼյòӦһϦ䣬ɣȴ֪ԼİҲԼԼĸԲˣԼȴָһԼأ߲˵ԣǾܾ׶ȥԷ˼⻰Լָô˵أ
֪ˬʣ˿Ĺ˼Ե쳣ԥ֪δǣοڣ
ڣæվһࣺɩкηԸ
Զʱһ£˼˲ת֪Լֻ죬֮ǰԼͬʱѾԼˣԼһֱڻ˼ͣڹʵǡ˼ת֮ʣһɲǼǵͨ죬ŭȵ
Ц
һΣĵȴָһ㻶ϲ
ϲǣԼʾԼͨˣŵ˴ɩλϣеû£ٱϡѾʵ
ϵ׶εϲùʣɳ˵λȻҽ֮Ȼʢ֮²ʿҵ鵤ĪҹȻԾɸо˴δõƣȴҲ˲ʱΣգ似˼ʡվĳ嶯
һһֹɲУղԣǵҩȻЧ˹ȴάһʱ̣ĸоֻҩĴǧ򲻿ҩʱߡ
ֱüʵʵţٲʵŲһƴ㣡
ûžô׵ĴɩֵһЦƻȴۡ
Ը죬һжˣҰҲңѾĪˡ
ҡȴ֪ԸǲҲң羡Ӱ
һԵģֲͨ˹ôȲ´磡
˳ֹ׶׶ؿԾѪĴ󶴣ⲻͷƤһ飬¡
Ծܹȵûôλ֮ӵж컯Ϊˣ
λֵΪҡ߾ȫβ֪׶Ҫһ뾹ʱоؿλþʹѵԪֳżٵ״׶мң֪עԪȻȴʼ֮⣬ֻὥţڱ֮ֻһҩʱ䣬æ΢˵ƺˣϸһ£ЧǴһ顣
һɨʲôӦݶ飬һһҲǱ𲻾ģαؾࡣ
ɩ⻰˵ֶͬĴ£ôҲӦõġ֣صĵͷ͵
ҲֱӼǺ£ĺ¡ٺһЦ룬Ժ󶼲ˣҲʲô˽ƮȫһҪ
һЦ
Ц֮࣬ϸȴ־ö仰˵ͦе
ͱ
Ժ󴳵һһ˳δؾ
Ĳ˵ʮֵܽݴʮֻʣǰˣ
͵Ĵʱսᡣ
ܹһݱϣκνͶܾõҪ󡭡ȻвȵɣݰȫУȴǽԿܵջ


59 ໴
ҶЦۼЧ߸ոմһʶƵôʱȴҴ˽ӣʵ̫ˡܶ߶̣ǲȡӦԴʧ䵢չȥĻ»вΪŲζһ
ҶЦͷġ
ԥһ¡Ȼԣǰ㡭ǵǵſʧȶǵԹޣת޵ֻ¡
ĻǵĴԲҪƾնһƱңδòʧǹн֮Ļ
ҶЦͷȻпǹ⣬Ǳ֮ˣ治ܵҳֲûбҽʦʦҩʦι󡢷Ƹ¥ôɢ߲ܺΪ֡
ʵ̫ˡĲ˼Ҳǽͷö޴롣
Ժڷɽɽ򸾴Ӧúúõģ治˵ҶЦӦ֮ϾߵЩ޾ĳЩδ֮ˣһ£һһѾˡ
£ȴΪһҹ֮䱬սۣһӿʮˡ
ǰҶЦڵٶȥĻֹ۹ƣһſڣ
ҶЦһҲû£Ҳ˵ƨҽĳν߼δضƽϣǱҽεЩ˵ûԼЩֻΪûüҽΣܲԹ֮ģ֮⣡
мڴˣһ˽ģȲȱˣҲϣҶЦȾȾȺڷɽӵĶӡǿǳ֣ʥΪһϵ졣
ܹԵ֮ԼҪܵѹܵõֵ𿴸ղŲһϺȣȻһֵԭȻǲʵˣȫĻЩ߼˼ˣ£ƼˣӦˣһӵϣ˵˵ʤ֮ززѶȣһСľ͵ñ˸Ц
֮ǰŻӧѯҶЦǷα֮ȴǰһݹ˫˽ģ
Զ׼˫˽֮һǲڷɽɽ֮˽ɷ֣һ˽ȴǴڶԼĴԼСĿ
Ȼ뷨еȴʵҪԵʵݻرܣ
ҶЦͷҲ˵пǹô
һ죬ȻһСƿ
ﹲʮŵҩǰ˱֮ˣÿһţȻԵסһϢֻҪ˻أϾһʩȣ̫࣬ʱϵùٸһŵҩⵤҩʹηãЧҲԼ
ʲôҩԶ˶ǰεȻ˻λвͬҪһ˴ȫͳһʹֵҩĺôظʹãЧܵ治Լôɴ۾ʧʵ
з鵤һʱ̶ҶЦ͵õһ֮ܣȴܱ֤һʱ֮ڣȫֻҪô˵֮һʱ֮ڣԲ֮ǣΪרԲԪƣЧʹöı׶ˣ
ԲŽǴضĵҩֻһʱ̣һʱ̵Ͼ㹻ҩˣ
ҶЦЦЦǼ򵥶Ҫؽһ¶á
侹Ȼ쵤ҩȻ治У̾СȵĽһʱ̶Ҵ˳ȥ

ȴ֮ÿһļ٣ۿȴε֮ԽԽ࣬Ҳ֪˭Ϣ˳ȥش߾ۼڴˣÿһﶼ˻˭Ҳ뽫һŹ
ҽÿһ֮УȻһıߣʱһغ
ǡʩҲҪһʱĺô
õֶΣҪһʩȣһһôҲͬʱΪôһɣ
ǰ֮£Ȼк󣬴ҽ˵Ḷ́Щ˵״̬ôܵȴܾãҲһ̾ͻֲ֧סȥ˵Ц
ڷɽ߽ȥԲͬʱȴֲ룬۰Ͱ͵õſڡɤӴͬţһ㡣
Ӵ˼ԾɹڵϣԼŶӽӣϵĹһ
ڳˣƽжôѱӵжôߵΪôƢڵǰһţԾǲӲȥ˿
һõˣһȣֻʹԼһΡǾѾˣ
һ̣һ̣þ߱˾ȨнֹĪҲӣ
û˸˵һõδ
˼ҽͨȻʸ
ûȳ֣ǿߣΪ˼ҿŻ
ûǿڷɽһҲԹԵĵ棿
˭Σ
ȥɶʱֵõһߵĲһü
ôˣ
ֻҲû취ȫȹɣֻ¡
ô죿ô죿
˶ļ٣ơ
ǸոȻں߼ǽ̣εѣȻ÷淢𣬵Լǰһ˵ȴѳ˲εɭȻɱ⡣
ÿ˶šǰһˡ߲ˡôԼͿԴԼ˵ֵǰһһô
λѡֵˡۿžͲˡҪһ£ǰ棬ҡԸһλã
ֵ˴ΣΣûŶôһңһǧҲһȥ
㻹ٿǿǣҪƲԳԷƣóλûǮãʱҲˣŪüɵ˲ա
ûˡҶһԣ

ͬͬۿžкü˾Ҫ
Ҷڵľż״̬֮Уÿһ˵Ѿӽ˱ı㡣
£ûеһʱͱѾǸ߶ȿˣȻѻøߣձĺҲԽңʱ˿̣κһ˵һ˲嶯ܽñ˵ľɱ֮
ϡ
ĿؽԵ˳˸ƴ
Щ˵ԾԾԣͻȻһϺȣԣκԹ˶ϣٷǸǰֵˣǷǶԴһϤԶƣ֪ʷߣΪУ
һϺȣһˮŭԵͷϡ
һɵۣͬʱҲй
ǶҪ˱Ϊ̵ĳҲΪһõҽĻᣬǲֶԴȫԶҽΡ
ôԼĳ嶯Լֵܽѵ
ǲļɵͣ
ˢˢˢ
˶æĵؽеĸʽ˴˼ԾŭĿӣŭѣŭģŭɶ
̵ģҵţ뿪һÿ
ôҲҵţҾҴ硭ô嵽ϳȥɱƬײ
½ôõļ䣬˶˵£лر֮գµŰɣ
ˣõļ䣬ôľαӣú˵˻۸Цصôֵû¾Ͱˣһɶ£ҽĵףŪ֮ǰһһٱ飬ãж£ڣ
Ҳ⣬ңһ㣿
ҵģ
˵ղǻҩ⣬ʱ˵ĻôһĲгҶֻܸ̣ộһóʽֱİ׵ʷ׷׷īǳɫ׳ʣѤޣ
ֹ֮أֻԻκǰֵģһ𣬴˺ϽҽǸߺһ

ԭ쳣ĳ˲ʱѻȵš
ͬɣ޲
ǲ⸹̣ôҲܵҲ̫˰ɡ
ղ˵ʲôöֵ֣ĸߣ˵˵Ҳߣֻװ˲Ųᱻô
˵ʲô֮أôǰìܣɼĳĳҽʻˮƽ޵ĺܣ籾
̹鸹̣ôҲã϶ûκ˸˵ֻƬһԻ룡
Ǻոջýŵһ˵ȣһľֻʣ»۾ͼɱĿꡣ
һɡ
صɣ
ݺݵɡ
ƴĵɡ
ҧгݵĵɡ
Ъ˹ĵɣ
һãĿΪ׺һһ׺ݾ
ֻǴԼǱٱ㣬ڹ˲ˣ˭ں񣿵˵ˣⳡɱĶԾ˸ƾУƽɫ൱
ȻûκʾȴҲû˭ȡơ
Ȼڳĳλġɱˡ֮еѾԲеĻôڳ˴˿̶ѻһƬ⣡
۾׹ŶԷı˴˿ͷһ𣬺ݺݵصŶԷ
˴˺ţɸУ
ۼȻֺֺЦġ
׼ܣ׼ܣⶼ֮棬ֹܲܲ˵۾ɣ
һﵹǻӣ辶Ѱйзŭķʽ
ǣɵǣͷͷĴ󺺣ڱ˴˿۵״̬һǻ棬и̫ҿģ
ұʱһһĳ˳˼һҲٱ˴˵۾ˣˣоڴϣĿȥ
Ȼڳ˶ϣλܹʲôϢ
˵еҵأ


60 ¶մһ
٣ҪʲôƳһʩʱجģ
֡ϲΪΪǵһ˳λ˵ĺڷɽΰһһǰУеֺζ˵ֵܡô
𼱡صĸһɫ
ڷɽҲ֮ˣʱϲɫлֵܶлл
Բһ£զ£
ѵղģΪ˴ʶԸӿ˷֮ţ
ɲаǿ˷֮ţ͵ڽһɱҪ֮˵ôأ
񼣬ƴͬʱ
ֻǲ˵ǰģھͿ̧˽ȥˡ
һſڵϲϲ״ؼһĸ̧ߣһ˽ȥ
ͷһƬڴʧŲҲղŵΡ
ڷɽڵǰ̬չҲǴ⣬ղŻΪ갵ˣһֵԼӣһԼϲޣ漴㷢־ǿջϲһʲô˵
ô
֪ˣʱ䣬£
ϲ㡭ڷɽŲ꣬Ѿ΢Բ졣
ֻҪذɷȥȻ½ˡԺܵһССƿ
ڷɽƿ˹߬ýģ˿ɵȥǰҩƿеһƬ澰˲䣬ǿɵҩѾ˶ӿС
һֱѾǵҩȥڷɽŲǰ״һ֮࣬ʧ𾪵Ҳ٣ǵ񵤣
һĵʱ޴ƣ
ƾһƬ󣬾Ѿ֤ǵҩǴ˵еĵƷ񵤣ŵҩûãһŵ񵤵飬Ѿ̫ˣ
쳾ѾµλƷ
Ȼһ̵ı仯ڷɽɽĪǿ鵤һڣŶӼȫ޵ĺȻһƽȴ׳ѾԪҲķʽٱۼЧ˹ڷɽֶڲ
ۡӱһĿڱ˳
ǳϣĿ
ԼĶӣȻоˡ
ڷɽɽ֮ͬԼһԼӵĵǰ״Ȼ˽ŵģ鵤֮˲һȻԪ֮ǿפڣάϵסϢвԪ򷴲ԼԼʧԪԵò䣬ҩĪ˵Թȴ˵Ҳûģ
ڷɽſ˫۱ӶӣĿ֮УҲһƬӯ
ǰɵĲҵճԱ⣬أмţ
һҵֲĶȴǰĲ꣬˴˲֮ԷȲҩԼһ֮ĺ֮壬ֵܶԼһ̫û˵ˣԼղžɲ뷨ڷɽɽʶؾԼǶüĶģԱС֮ĶȲ߷ڿľ֮
ȻʵǹǸеģô᳦֮ˣ٣ǰĲ겻ǡ
ΪÿһλĴΣˣһöͬ鵤ͬӦͬתΣΪһƬϲĸл
ԭǸһ˵ģȻÿ˶зݣ
ڷɽȻΪǰʵĸп٣еǷݸмȴɡ
ϾǵһԼҩǰ֮Ѿ
ʱ˿̣κһʱһ̣һ˲һɲǵĲ춼ģ
λڳµŵҩǹƵ鵤һʱ̶ŵҩȴ֮ܣȴɵû֮˵壬Էҩ֮һʱʱ֮ڣʹǰֻѾ̤Ź֮˵ҲΪһŵҩὫһʱ֮ԲŽ
ڴ˵Чһʱʱ֮ڣֻҪ߲ƾԲκεĶ񻯣ǽ͵
šӦһȴֵһ
һȻΪǰٶһʱϰӵĿޣ˲ΪʩȲ䣬ѾǼתʱˣѾ㹻һʩˣ
һȴΪ˵Чʵ̫ˣڳһҲԪнΪҲҪںɷ֮κһ֮ϣʶҪһϣղԼ˵״Ͼϸֱ沽鵤˿̼鵤Ӧϲ֮࣬Ȼղ鵤֮ʱ˼ڷɽɽղһǵ񵤡βĪ
ֻתһ룬ڳڶһһȫ֮ˣȫأһƷ޷ƸǴ˵еĵƼ鵤ҽΣһ־Ǵ˵еĵ񵤣һһôˣֱѾǵһܹݵˡ
ĶЧܣ˻ɵˣ׿Ʒ˵ЧҲƷ鵤òã
ĵˣ治ҽЩߣ߼иˣ
˼߸һ㣬ѹ˿̣ͳĴֱʣĪ˵ЧֱҲǺ㹻ˣ
굤ҩȷϲ©֮ٶ߻صڷɽнǰ֣һߣǽ󵽣Ŀܣίʵ̫ʵ޷ȥԡҶȡһŶҼҹԣЧԪ䣬ʹظҲЧܼˣһŶǶһʱ̡
˵ţ͵͵صݹһССƿ
нϲĪæӹȴЩжÿˡ
ʱʱ䣬ûµġ
⡭ԿԼֵԼˣ
лڷɽнڲȦˡץס֣ҡΡҲɿ
ɽɽˣβ֪ǷôˣҲ˵ǵ񵤣Ѿ޼ֻ֮˵ЧܣԲԪ֮ЧܵһʵȴΪ鵤ǿ֮ƷͬСɣ
ҶЦʶǳ˼ʻûʶ˵ӦʵǼģǼҪսԼ鵤ǵӦ񣬸ΪԪѷ֮ṩһǿ
ڲȻ׸飬ҶЦõõʵ̫࣬ʵ̫ףҲûж㵱£Ƿһ÷Ĵ
ֵܡнתͷҲ˸м㿴ƺֶİڼɣ
仰ŨŨϣôһְֵĿ־塣
õϣ֮ʧΪ˾˼ţСԣίʵѾᾡ֮ģЧκεľޣεӦȴûндһʣʵȴǵ˵
굹ǶҶЦģֻҪһҶЦһƱʥ߶Ϊ֮ѵĵʥƵǰЩ˵Ĳ費ƣ漴һֻҪǹҪȻֶѾˣҲа취ȵûģ
˻棿˵ʶĲ
һǼһ𶯣
ҲܾȻ
ǶŰ
ѹ˵Ҷ͸¶һϢǣҶˣҳʮ£ӽ֮ҳʵԤסеľ£ʵءǱɢ꣬ɢģҲؾ꣬οֻǵˡҲ޷
ŶŲô˵ĺһһǳ׻˶
ֲðԭҶѹָղһ;ǧֱʸǴľˣ˵ĳֲ˶һۣһ־ľϲ
Ҳ˵̫磬ӲҶӵȴӵùӰǾȻذӵɫࡣ
Ժν⣿ҶӵľҪģѵн˵
ȻԳ磬һԾŶ֮ҲҶѾʮ£˼ֳ徣ȻٲʢҶӴ˴е£һĿ꣬ǻָҶʢҶҸ߲Ϊ˴ȴûǲǿֻ̡ԼŬ
ʹ֮ţǰΪȴǳȻѣģҲΪڴˣԲȾµ鷢ѡһĹίʵ֮²Ųѵѡ񡭡
ݹȥһף㶮á
˶Ͻ֪⣬ʱײ֮δ⣬ȴǱ˴˶һۣ֮С
ЩǲԼĲ²⣻ңţԼĲ²⣬ʮ棡
ˡֱһʣҶӾȻӣôλС֮еһأʵ


61 
нΣȴδܼʱ𸴡
Ч߾ȻĲͬ͵ǰԣЧҪҳϲһпܸĴۣһѡңòȴûǸز
ʲôУнʹ˵ֻҪҶӾҶӣݶߵغ񣬱˵£ţС檶У
нߵĶԼһۣǳ⸾˼ĺ˵˵˼С檣զ죿
ЩЦæһԲɩҲôһ˵ֻڱҶӵĸм֮飬ȫ⡭
һ˵Ͳԡнԥһ£ɵϲԼˣԸ˵ﻰǷ޶ɹ˵ˡ£˺£иҪǴӦڶΪҶһΣ½ˣʱһ⣬Ƿ飬ǻ飡
ûֻţȻϿɷ⡣
Լ⣬ôѡνġûаҲĳ˵ˣڴ˵õֱһˡ
˵޶˶һϴӡ
αʣȻ³⣬Ҹָָ˵Ķӣ̾˿˵˵ģֱ飬ڽÿһǲģΨһ𲻹зԼͷϣ
ҳǣӦ޽ǰĸѹ֮УǰһֻһСжֻһԤݣɾУ˵ǲҡ
һδжҪվӣȻƾźڷɽʵһܹһĴ粨
ֻҪ˾ͻ֪Щ֮䣬ռһս⵽ǣģЩС
ͨ£Ҷӵľ󡭡
Զ۾һŲѻ˵ȥ
صһЦԺ󡭡ֻҪʵʱסһͲҪ⣬ÿ϶Լϧǰɣ
޶˵۾ͬ̽յһ
е
Լ˵һΪȻѾˣǣЩȫ濪սĻԼΪ治Щġ
ֻҪͽȥˣ׵·һ
쳾ȱľǸ֣ʥߣէͦקͦŵģǸЩȽϣҪμ穵ģ
ԼĶӡС嶯ѣҲδػȡѵҲƸպãֳ治һôš
ҵģʵǳ˼ϲЧˣѵϲǵꡭҶ齨֯
нķ˵ҶүԱǴʱͶЧѩ̿ʱ֮ʱֻ㲻ˡ
нţǽĿ۽ڲϣȻһпϵĽ顣
΢΢ͷ漴һЦҿʲôû˵ôѡӵ¡
ףȴʼҪнжĲ
һ仰ٳɾϣϾǽȻͬ·ԼڣĶΪ£ζȫһġҲϣλһ̤ڣһʧǧźޣٻѰЦЦ
ס

£ҶЦһҩˮʩʩȻ߽һŲĸһ𹧹վ
ҩרãһڷʣµһ룬˿ڡҶЦ˵
֮ǰóһʱ̶ѾҶЦĵڣ˵ʵҲǶĳƷʵ̫еһʱ̶ȻȫǵƼҪѰһ㼶ĶûУҶЦҩ֮ͺˣʵ̫קŵըˣ̫עĿˣ
мڴˣʣµľֶΣԲԵʽˡ
ҪȻֻ»ȵԼ͵ñĳĳ°ˣһҩʲôģЦ̸
æСӹҩ룬ϸĵĴ˴Ҫһȡ
ȣҶЦæֹǸרŵģһڷͲˣȫ
һһһͽҩˮ˳ųһ亹æԪΪѹȥ
Ŷ֣ҪҩСķֿһֱӹ׶ĿСһ룬ҶЦһѩë˿ڣˡ
ҩˮëù˿һ˲ĸһɴ۾
Ϊ漣ˡ
ҩ׶ʺֱ֮ؿҪλѪģ˿ڣȻֳһۿɼĽơ
ۼ̬ƣ˿ڴٳѿϵ죬˴˽弡֯޸
ǰһĻ˼סˣ
Ϊֱӵ˵׶ظоԼؿҪҪģȽۣĸоܣȴ֪ǿͣƬ̣Ѿͷ󺹣졣
֪̰ɣǧҪ˿ڣ˿ڻظıҪ̣ҶЦĸסһҪ˿ڣһӴ˿ڣҩжϣǰ
һɴ۾Լ磬Ȼһգգġ
ҩЧˣ֮־ûдˡΪ桭ҪҩҵҽޣռݲȫƸ֮ҶЦ˵һʱɡ
еɵۣҽ⻰ʲô˼˵ǻ᲻ôͬƿ϶ҪƵģܼݲȫƸģǲҽ֮֮òã
ô˵ѵǫ飬бҪǶѾҷˣǻҪǫ
ҽǲҽĸ߷ڣҽ趼Ѿ˳ʥҪҽ߼˼Ӳи̬㹻ұɽֹ̾Ϊֹ
Щ½ҷȻ֪ĳҽ˵ʵ治Ļµ鵤Чֹôһ㣬ԷӼݲȫƸ֮ҶЦ⽫Чͣ໨ʱƳ̣׬ȡĸмȡ
ΪȣһĨɱĵĻĿ϶ǹȥԲ˵һ㲻˼ƵĻĲĲôͱ߷ڣɽֹʥأ
ֻӦǾ仰ü
ɽʱһȥ⡣Խ˼ϻҪ¹ҶЦҲǿԼߵʩȣʧˡ
ͷ۾ԾɽĶԼϡ
ҶЦɣͷ˳ȥ
ҶЦȥʵΪȴʩʵ̫࣬һʱ̶ʱԾޣȰȫ㶨֮Ȼдʾ߷ڣʱ䣡
׶ѳɣֻҪ«ͺá
ҶЦֶһҩŲæһط̤һ䡭

һʱȥʩȹֵ֮нĶӣнأȷʵҪ׶֮ϣһҩˮԾɾȻأ⣡
ҶЦҩ룬ȷнĶӺһҩˮǾ߽ķѵ壬Ϊҩӣٸԭ״̬֮Уû˵Ļֻǽ˼ѾΪʽҽҪ뿪Ϊһҽߵαװҽߣһʱ˵Nͬ˵Ҳۣ˵Ҳ
Ҷнʱ
һˣԸ˳λһŶףϷбҶЦ֣̽һηԷŵȴ˲˵ĸмǿͷϵĸм
ιҶЦƵһߣһʱʱҶЦϹҽʮ߸ˣʮһ⣬ȫȬѸȬĹУÿλ˵ľʱٵϢİյ裬֮Чʾˣɹʸˣ׵İٷ֮һ٣ȫûʧ
ɽ֪ʲô£ҶЦݸһЦüȴ¶ּεƣ롣
⼫εƣ϶ǹģȻҽ˺ܶˣ䱾һûҩˮҲǶƷ鵤ˮĳ˼ȫ̶ûҩˮǳĻǾǳɣձƵ˵ǧƪһɵҽ۵
Զ׼ĳΪ󻯣ݼΪ޿ԣ˵˷ָ
ǷѾˣҪڷɽǧˣʽ󣡻빫
нҲǸоϵĺݽɫȻѾͶЧˣ޳ԥֱӿ쵶ն顣
ҶЦȴһȻ򸾵һҶЦ⣬ҶЦҽ¹֮ѡͶЧҲȴӸ𽭺ɢޣССȿʼһڷɽС֮еٮٮߣ
ҶЦ˼һתϸڷ˵ȷȷԣûϲȻɣ
ȣϣٳʲôһҪؿǣĪҪһʱ嶯⽫ڣʵڻҶЦΣ˵λǾЯһȻλӭģֻءΪҵ˵ҵҰһж¡ľȻǴս࣡
ʱΣվԲ١
˶һۣǴʵ
˵ڽƮûΣգ


62 㲻
ҽ񳯸೬Ʒ鵤ǶλԸͶЧһشأƷ鵤Ծ鵤ҩȻҽףҲܱ֤µİٷְٰȫսȻΪ£߰ȫϵϸߣһȻԶλȻ֪Բ飡
ԣǲǿǣôżĴңڽʮʱһ߻ͻȫȬˣʱҪߵģǮŵˡЩߵģҪģȻʱͳһ
ʹһ죬Ծɲκνԡ
ҪߵȻ˵ҹƽףҾһΪһ⣬ƽԸģҪϸһ룬׼֮ʲôʺʲôҪʲôһÿڣܹʲôЧá
ҶЦ̹˵ͶЧңǾһĴ£ʮʱǣô
Ҵ˴ٳ徣̬չԤٰ̫֮࣬£ʹֶ֣ƽĶۣʵЩģôȲ˾ͷǺǡ
ҶЦһ٣ЦЦƵ˵Ҷģġ
ҶЦ˵ⷬڷ޶ǧл֮뿪ˡ
ҶӴ˷۵ϣԼͶЧ֮ˣҲԸΪԮȱģȣأ˽ܣƥнԿޡ
ϸزŶӵԵͷôСͣȣɾֶͣΡ治Ҷҵˡ
ôǵô죿ٵʮ죬ϣнƺӣƺԼ
ӻشѾ˵ȥҶ˵Ϊ⣬ٵΣգǿУԲҷȻʥԪһƷΪߣȻҶҪԵЩǿ£ȴ㲻ʲô
ǳпܶ۵ĻʼҶս巽֮սԼڶҶ˳Ʊض巽мտ֪
˵Ǿʹ˸ҶӣֻҪܹȥҲͬ޿ɱľ޴󣡸ο˼ҶǶӻߵغľ֮
ҶӣǱȻû˵ģûˣҲûˡнأ£ҵӶӶûˡнȻٹ£ȴк壿
ˮע㻹ԥʲô
¾ʹ۶ԥˣнһƣׯݳôˣ
ʮ
һҶЦжϵһ㣬ơΪɹۣѪ
ƼȸȻһݣۼ棬ͬѣһĶǼ֡
ʮľֱһµجΣ˼ʣȴجѡ
ļҵԴˣؿڴ󶴣飬ѣһ˺֮ˣⳡξ֮УԼȴ˺öദܴľĿޱȡ
һȫʮ
ҶǾ֮ȴηֲξʵԼȻǾϲѵġ
׶˼ǰλãߣһҸ㡣
׶ÿÿ͵ۿԻҰ׵㷢üϸϸƣʹһ
Ϊ˸Լ·Ԫ绨գǰ˥ܡ
Уϼϼפ鵤˥ߣظഺ׷ڣҵΪ֮׶аһԸġ
нŶפιȻѾȫȬˣ൱һСӣüĿ㣬Ȼ̬ȴЩήҵ˼Դ
⵹ҶЦҩҩãδȫ⼸Сȫ渴ԭ֮ӻֻǸ˰죬Ȼŭͷ𣬶򵨱нϸɣָƿڴ˼ٱ飬ǿѵؽѵ˼ʮΡ
һֱӾĭ⼸죬Ҫܺòء
⣬в˸߲ҵĵ
Ҳˣ
ţˡ
˵˵ţ
ؿڣķλֱӿһ󶴣ʱҶˣΪһˡ
ҲҲǣؿһ󶴣ʱǽһҰʲôƸҩֹѪȫЧѪʳ˸ɡѽҿ˿ڻָô
϶û°㿴ҽҽ棬Ȼ˰̶û£뵽ǰλþȻǰͨ͸
ǰ㿴ҵģʱ࣬Ҳǰͨ͸
˵ԵͬʱشõҽΣ
Գͨ͸Ǽһ˴ҽΨһһ¼ҹˣʱԼӲһҽûǰ˼ʻָȬ˶һȺһȺ֣ȴû˸˵µ࣬һ죬Ҳͻྡ
ҿˣ㿴ҵġ
ڶ߶˳˶ȻԴͬߵĲҲǸ飬мֹͬԣڿ˿ڵҪ󣬵Ҳûܾģûһ졣
ûܾ˶ܾ˵ǰλѵʱȴ˴鷳
Ҫ˵λߵ˵Ҳûɶ⣬Ǵ󲡳˴忪һ󶴣λûܴҲزЩ㲻ʲôȻλһλŮӣȻʹͬˡ

㿴ҵˣҿġ
å̬Ҵռñˡ˰һҪĶ
ߵĴüԭΪӵĸԭĸ˵ĵڣȴһУԭҲûôִǾ忪Цһ֮ȫͬˡ
һ֮󣬶ʱӲͬӪ˾Ÿˣ˵һƷڵأƻĿʼкǼһﰴڵϽʵʵĴһٺݵãȭȭ⣬˿֡
˵ǲֿ֣϶ִ磬˽ʲôģȴܶжңףѪһǺ
ҴҴˡ
ϴˣô죿
Ҳ
Ϸ˼ҺúõĴһˣô˵飿
Ҫ˵ϲ˼ôֱӰѣԼԼˣ
ԣڳŮޣզʲôϹ˵أǰ˵³Ϲ˵ʵдգʡ
ǣҿڲԣСӹմġ
˵Ĵ˸߲ңľҲηУʧõĽὡеĻȻǲ£·ϲ
һʱֵòҪҪġ
ۼ˾겻ʼѾͷõ⡣
Σ˭õĿα֮˵ģߴİٺˣƵԴˡ
ԼԤ̫ˣҲ߼
Сѻҵġ
СѻסСѻ˭ԼûСѻ
Ǹ־˭˭ָģ
Сѻҵİ

磬˭˵ʮģ
Сѻҵġ

ŭСѻ˭ôģôզ֪أûвСѻָطģ
Ǵƽɽ֪ġƽɽ˵һأܾҲδ֪һмƽɽǺ˰ҿǷһ顭
ƽɽ£ü۳鴤ЩһѪ˳
ȻԾɲ֪Сѻ˭ƽɽ²껹֪һƽɽЦӴ򲻳һƨӣֱӾͷˡ
òƴκ˿˵ϢҲȴһﴫȥɡ
ˣƽɽһﶼôԵ˽ﴫϢ͸Ҫˡ갦̾һΪ⼸һﶼؿƿ֮ˡ
нٺһЦϲǱӲ֪Ӽվ˵ۣԼûˣһʱȻ벻һ棬ֵطֻҪʮֻһˣҲڶʱ½֪˾֪
Ϊʲôʲô˵
ϲֻ㣬ڽϻҪʲôнٺһЦ˵Դӳ̫˳˳ˮֶηҲûΣӦ˵ԴΪʥԪ֮󣬾ͻûɡ
Ϊ˳˳ˮ;˳죬̬ЩˡҪ֪ڽ˻ɢޣҪģӵһĳһܹȫĵطһǹ̶ģɢ޶ԣһĪĲƸ
ԵģصϢͬһĪĲƸ
ֵطĴڣûȥʶǣֻҪôһطڣȥƴеʹ˱ֻʣһҲ֧ţȥڣȡ㲻᲻֪ߣʱһϢǾĲ졭
ĵطֻҪ֪ˣһλãӡڼ
ΨһҪģƴ֮ǰԼĲƲĿȥһεģʹûǮҲ£һ˵Ļ˾ͼ¡
нĵص㣬ϢҸ㣬㲻Ҫֻʮߣ֮󣬽ϵﲻ


63 ѡ
ʱ˿̣˵ػֻĵĲ¶֮Уδ϶˵صʮ֮ܣȻ˿֮󣬴˵أνͿԣ
ڣһսġ߽ߣۣ
֣ұʿΪҪֱĶȴԿƵ£ãȴһߣòôμ
н̾ϢһȲҽ˶֮컯ĪֶΡ֮䣬ֻһҰ
סˡ
Ȼ벻ӵıȣȻܹԶΡ
ӵֻԼ֪ͨңԼȲŵض֪ͨңڿҪ֪ͨôࣿ
ҲҪ
ֻ֪ͨһұҲ㹻ˣ
ǰͨ͸šһûͨ͸ǸСѻ˭
⵽˭أ˲ôŰɣ
УҲ̫˰ɣôĸүɲῪ㹤ѽ
ѻǱǲϲģؾɴڸأ
һԣҶЦһлȻֺ˳
֮ǰУλүʼһͿݵ׳ʲôӣֱ˿̣ڲŵԼˡ
ռҶЦݣв˶Ŀһֱ̾ÿ˵ѹӣ꣬ò˫ȫ
лӾ֮
ܶԷߺ
˼ۿλĪĲҽλҶӣмӯ֡
Լ֮ǰԷݱ£ȴǱλҶӴӹŹԼ
˶˵£ܲڣ
ظλ帴ԪҶЦ΢ЦţͷҲ֪ôĳԣļΪһȡȻΪҽݣΪһҽߣҲȣԣЩӦ뱾õģҲǿֻҪһ˴˲ΪУؼʱףһ֮ı֤֧𣬾Ϳȥˡ
ҶЦһֵúųʮõҩʵƣѾλ飬Ƿֵ֪ҲϣҾµ߾ҶȻɬԸⷢģȴֲ뱾õġڴ˼νӾ˼ϼ֮أǿķ֮ŪĳڴС˺ӣ˵ף
нĿȵҶߵغĴ˾ȻˣҪʲôƨˣнһĲ
ԣǵڴˣЩ˭ҲĲ
֮ߵغ񣡡
ҶЦͷ˵λҲ˼ҸղѾ˵ˣӾ˭ͷ治ԣԱǣҶĳҲҪǮ֮õĹأ˭õĺˣʾɣȫõʩȷΧ֮ڣǸ䣬޲ƣô֮Ŵҿ⣡
ҶЦһڳ˾ºȻõһ򣬺һɱ۹ɶЧʮ㣬һ˴֮ǽԶòãԼòãΣйص˵ҲΪԵʣþܾʩȣһǸ䣬޲ƸɱķɭȻ
ԵãеʾҲⱻþûҪֺõĳĳһȡõѺöأ
򣬵һؼ汸ؽĴɱ
ҶЦһ٣ֵλڴѾټãоϣ뿪ʼǵѡɣ
ҶЦ䣬ǱߵĹүӴżˣӣһȻǮǩԼģһӣ׼¼Աġ
һλѡߣȻ١
ϥǶܲ³顣
Ǿ仰ѣڿվˡԴҶĳǿѣֻҪԣʱȥ˭ߣҶĳһ·˳硣
һ󾲼ţ֮ȴԾûȿ˵
˸־νǿҶЦϾһ֯˺һһҪܵƣٲǰһ˵ڡһ㣬ģλ̫˼ɣҶĳеġ
ôһ˵Ȼվ˳ʵҶӡѾ٣
˵˵ԵúûеȻڵԼǮ
ʵĵҲڳ˼嵣ĵ⣬ʩȹУ㲻ľʩȹֻ̣öһʱ̶ļֵѾһûߵ֣
ʹЧõһααʱЧҲȴûκƵģֱԪãϸ˵鵤ΪʵԵ鵤
Щص㣬صڣҶЦĶȫǵƼģֻһ㣬ɸ˵ļֵкʵƷãԼ֮ˣԼ֪ʮ֮ˣûֹ˽ʱգظȫֱӾѪ
ʩҩļֵۣȻѰ˼Ҳһ֣
˷֮ˣʵףҲףȴû˭˵ԼһԸ㹻һҶЦʨӴ󿪿ڣ˶ɵۣղһãǮٵˣУǴ˵еĶǮ˼
ҶЦһİȻξˣÿһ˺ķѡһʱ̶һţҩһ룬ԼҩɣЩɱڴ˲һһ׸ˡ
һ£˵йⷬԵ֮󣬴Ҿ㲻ͬһ֯սѣҲһᷭɳ𣬼ȻǵˣѡԴѣҶĳôС
ҪȥѣֻҪԣŵΪУڱҪʱ򣬾ְһѡôֻҪ֧һǧҾͿȥˡ
һ۸һʱȻĪ
һǧң
Ǯʵ̫ˣ
Ǹߵףǵ͵̫ˣ
ҶϽ˭֪ǰλҶʩȹóĶκһҲһǧܹġ
һһʱ̶ΪֻӰɽ۸񣬵Ʒ׺Чأôۼ¥ۣ׵һңû
οЩ޸ľҩ˵һ㲻ţ
Թбÿ˵Ļм֧ĻعҲôʮ𲽣ϱȽϺһ㡭
񣬾Ȼֻһǧңڰˣ
ԪнߵһȻˣ
תһ룬ֻȡĿҶ´ϹȥԲôһӣչ˴Ӱɡ
Ŀ̫ˣ˶ͬӣǵʲôӦõģĿʵ̫ˡ
ЩҪ뿪߸Ǳֵ쳣Ҷӣ֮ͬ죻ҵΪԭ򣬲ڹѾǺ޵ءôռӵıˣҵʵ򲻿ɣ
ҶЦЦɣܹԳˣⷬ㲻׷ѣҽѣȴдס׵ĵ˼һҲ͵ˣʵڲؽ֮·ϣ¾ô˰ɡ
Գţ˼ǰ
ԥ԰ΪĲˡҶЦ״üεȻΪİǾҾͿŸɣһһν
ôһ˵ʱһδվ˳̤ǰγɹӾ֮¹˳Ϊǣڹڴͷ֮Ѫ֮ԣ˳ҶΪУжԣҶӵǧɽˮɽ𺣣˳ص
˵գһһѪڵϣһ⣬Ȼɳֱ񷣡
漴һĪȻһ£ɢȥ
ĳɣ
֮ģ쳾¡ʽԣһģԸ޸Υ
˳һϣ̤ߵǰ棬ԥɵȡռָһһһ㵹ϣλƵңƷȡ
˳ޣϴҲֻЩǲ빫ӷ۵ġպб𣡡
˳˵꣬ٶߵҶЦǰƽɽڵأӽౣأ˳ݴǣպ󣬹ӵֻҪһֽԣǣ
صؿ˼ͷ̧ͷʱǰһƬ졣
ҶЦæֵܣµȴ̫ˣʵڲˡ
ǮƲ֮ʹٶĲܻع˳һ𣡡˳ʹ˸ˡ
һ·أɽˮк֮ڡҶЦ֡
˳صͷתһХֵ֮ͬܣһȥ
˳һͷ½߰˸Ƶѡ
ÿ˶˲֮ģԼԶһǧҵĲ֣ذлȥ
ʣµһ˵ȣҪµˡ
׶ֵ
֮ǰѾӦҶӣ˺֮󣬻ΪЧ׶쿴Լֵܣ˵֮ԵӿȪ౨
ֻҸˣֵȴظһ𡭡˺ҵ˼ǡ
׶ⷬû˵꣬ͱһˡ
һϴ˵ʲôʲôֻˣ֪ھ󣻼󣬴Ӵ˾ܵõıӻ룬̫ʱǶôĺ£
ѵϴ£뽫߳ȥɣٲЩֵ𣿡
ǲУ
һҡͷ뻮һУôһ˶ĵҲҪ룡ҲУҲУˣ


64 
׶ֵ֪ܲǲ˵ķʽԼǵľģ
һβ֪λֵܴ֮ģֵĴ⣬Ǿһ£Ψһ˵ͷֵܹȻԾֵܣȴԾΪһȣΪ˽˾Ĺ򱨶ͶЧĳΥˣ
һЦ˵ﻰֵܵɽ빲ȻҲֵܶԴʱǴѰƣܹһϯ֮أƲỵ˴ĳԡ
˾ȻҲҪһ𣬾ЧĻԻͣ
˵䡣
ҶЦʱ˹ֵ֪ĸľ֮ҶЦҲȻ
ĸ֮Уϴ׶Ϊߣʢ֮ʱ
䱾ʵǿ֮ʱԪƷʵ֮ǿںɷ֮Լ֮ϣ׶ӵΪͶЧȻҶЦһ֮ϲ
ҲԪһƷϣƷµȵʵǲס
зһΪԪƷ۷壬ֻԵһɸϲ¥ԪƷ
ҶЦ˵ĵڣȴ
ϴ֮ǰǺڰ˵ֻҪѲ֮ɩף⻰ɲܲùҲΪ֤ˣνղײգڽգǰϲ¶ˣǵ¡
һˬʴ󷽵ķȴƻ
׶ЦЦǵȻһƬ⣬׶ҲϹɵӰ׳աܹȢ÷Ϊޣ׶Ⱳĸ粻
зɿһ˿ʹ࣬漴ЦȻʹɩû¾ô˰ɡ磬ҿɸ㣬ҪٲжҾҪ˼ˡ
ֵһЦʹĳ˲
Ψ׶۾עӶã˵л㡣
ͷһᣬЩᣬǿסԹЦϴôǵһô֣ص˵ɩĿĵλȻͬСɣ
ֵһƬЦ
ҶЦ˼鳡磬Ϊ˵֮ӣղܣȻҰ˲ҵĸУĲЦ֮Ŀɬ롭һ˵Լо
ʵڴ֮ǰֵܼ֮еФɣ͵͵ҵҶЦֵҪ˼ڱͶ֮µ˵׶죬񣬷֮ľۡ
ϣҶЦǷܹ跨æȥĽᡣ
ΪǶ֪Ľǲ򿪣Ǳʱ׶ףΪٳԶʱԾɲ֣ܿԾ˽Կࡣ
飬Ƿֵ֮ͬ䣬һЦҲ
ܹģֻźͬࡣ
ڼ϶Ա˴˽ֵܣͬһŮˣעһĿʼ
ǲҵĿʼ
ΪŮѡգȻһʹ
˼ʵķɬЦ⣬ȴصͷҶЦط֣ڿرˡ׶ߣϣʱʱӹһ˿ĵײС֣ʶֻ˵ʶŪԼ㷢
ҶЦĿͷ˼Ѿ㷢ݣԭӦںں㷢˿ֳ̣ǻҰɫĲŻֵ˥
ǰΪ˸Լ֮Ԫ֧һϢӲдҳŵ˹ʩȣ˽յ
׶ҶЦע⵽㷢̲ס̾ϢһǻˣǷɵӰѾɣء
ȻΪʵľʧвظأǷȥڷȴѻָ˵ΪߣõഺʹǸ߽ߣҲ޷ȥĺۼ֮ʹĵرֲȱʧȥԾ޷ظǡд˵еĵμϵפյָܻգ
һ£׹ߵŮ쳾죬ȥ½ֱӾٷ
ʶε˵ãҶЦפյһߵ˲ʱ
ԭ򵥴ֱפյȻ߱ΪȥԪ֮ЧܣȴΨһǷഺפ޸ĥµ鵤
ԼյŮޱ鵤
פյΪȱʵԣΪʦӣԶƵҲϡ٣Ҳ˸ƷפյΪƷԽߵפյЧȻԽãʱԽҲԽƣҪָ㷢ҪϼפյЧʱЧҲάְҡ
ڸƷפյ׶첻ǲȡãȴ֪ԼȡȡԼҲספյǸƷפյϡȱһĹϵԼΪʵǵȡһŵϼפյת۾͵ñ˶ϣɱԽ£ƽ¶
ҶЦ˷һۣ漴΢Ц˵վǹʢ˵õһ֮⣬ôһ׮ϲ¡Ǹúúһ¡
׶ȻйμӣȻ׶֮õĪ¡ʱҷ޶ȻҪúþһлӵľ֮֮⡣˵ţأЩĵƳһ۶
˼ʵͷĬ״̬̬֮ǰǴ졣
ҶЦ״һ£ŵ׸ò˵򶨵ĸ塣
ȻʱҶЦ⵽ĬͬʱȴڵǰһƬ֮еķΧв׽һ˿ġһֲĵʧԹ
Թ

ʧ䣿
ҶЦ²һӡ
תͷ
ٹƬ̣ҶЦڻĿˡ
յλҾּ֤һճɾ˫ϲţһ仰ڴ˾λҶЦһͣʷȴǽϬ
Եʱֱ壬֪ҶҪ˵ʲô
ҪףȻĺ¡ֵ֮䣬ȴԴ⡣ȻҶĻװ׵˵죬⿪
ɫ䡣
λҶһֻǹ۲Ƭ̣ͷ˽⣿
ֹ۲ȴ̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦһΣҶǾˣԺÿ˵Ϊչǣδ
׶ˣãճɾֻףһ˵й޷ңЩ˸ӦءȫԼףһԱ˴మˡ
ЩʱԻȢʱܻźܶನۣǡһ֮еŮӷǳ㣬кܶ׷ߡôĻҲͱȻΪܶ˵Ĵ¡
ҶЦ˵Ҷǻһ𣬾оҪ˵ʲô
׷зصˣǵҲνδҪϡȻ׷ŮӵˣзͦҪõѻֵܣǿɾһ׮鷳ˡ
ֵ֮䣬Ϊ£ײź
ҶЦתͷĿ۽ڶ񣺡ʹ飬ӵꣻ߼ˡǾʲôûˡ
׻˲ʱסˡ
ǵģ١
ʵһֱ֪ԼԼֻ֮ͨ飬ǿƲסԼԼҲ֪׶˴֮ãΪ˺Լٳûļ
֪Լֻǹװ֪״̬ȥ
Ҫȡһᣬһϣ漣֡
ֻҪףԼʹϣã㻹ϣһףԼǳ׵ûϣˡ
һΣ׶˴ңΪԼŵشȻҴȴɥĲ֮βڡ
εıʣʶȻ׶쵱ˣҲȻ֮ͬڤ߾Ȫ飬ܹģ
ȻԷ飬ͬ٣ʹһӣߴ˳ɾ£ʵʱ̸оеʹͬ˺ѣĵ׻һԼûʶȻͷôٳɣҪöԲҶٴƳٻ¡ҡǲ˻᣿
Ϊͷѡֵǰ˵
ȴ벻ǣһϰ߽²ĵף׾ڱ׶죬һξȻҲûгɣֱһڴӦûǰԼĸܡ
һǵ¶ģȷڡ
һ̵ıҸĵȴǱġ
Ȼ벻ǣԼһı˽ģλҶӵƣ
һֱ̣һ֡ͻȻ֮屩¶ڹ컯Ŀ֮¡΢о˴ľͷѣ֡
һʱ䣬亹ð˳
ȻѾôҶЦԼ˵ϣҶЦ˵Ҷûв廰أֻһζš
ȻŶڵӣԲЩ̡
ϾһƴĻֵܣеġ
Ҳ֪ҶЦô˵ôȴҪ˳׽žֵܼԺܻᷢⷢƵź


65 ȫҪˣ
ҶЦĿע񣬵֪ĵԾɺܲж㣬һ˰һ֮פ֮ȻҲף㰮˲㣬ѾעİòͬĻرףʹɩѾΪʮʱ⣬ֻΪ鿼
䣬Щǲܴ߼ˣȻ˵ĺ
ΪһˣںʲôҲҪҶ˵ʲôΪһˣԼŮˡô׷ᣬôκ˶Ҫɱ֮죡
ôô꣬ల£ΨһֻΪں㡣ںǵֵܣں֮ꡣ
񣬰һɣȴ˲Ҳ˾͸öֹòΪİñҸΪ򵥣ˣһصĴ磬һŮˣ
ֵܣԭö˵ǼȻѡǾһˣһ֮ȴʲôĽᶵּ顣
ҶЦͷһٰϯӭʽϣʱĶѾͨˡĻǻǳˣ
ҶЦһֵף˴ҵĽˣ¸һ䣻֮ǰͷһ¡Ϊǻµļ֤ߣûһݾϲǴ͵ĺ񣡡
˵ҶЦ㼴뿪׶һߡ
һߣүԼʮӣĵǼÿһ˵ԱΪȼñԸƢȵϡ
Ǽϣ¼Աĵһռ֮˵ǵһռΪڽһ裬ϸ¼Щ¼ߵƽԼǿУԹȵϸϡ
˭ìܣ
ʲôĦȵȡ
ЩϣͬǾҪյĻϢ鱨
ĿҶЦ뿪׶ȶûп˵
ʱͷ˼ʵһľܣȫʧȥϣ
׶¶ľᣬһΡ
Ů飬õ飬Ů䣬˶ԵεĻ
ô
ֵܣȴĿƵضŶ
ֵ֮еФɣ֮ǰҶЦˣԾһԲɵðŭȵ磬⸱ʲô˼ѵҪôɩΪھһӣһӣҲ˵ƾʲôô飬ֻ˵ôΪֵܸΪôԵһ·չ˹ػ㻹𣿻˵˼ȫôԼ˵ˡ
͵һ¡
ۣ׶ϺȣǿдФɵĻ
Ȼȴ̧һֱʹͷϾһƬɬ漴ɴЦ
ղһֱĬȻ飬ΪҶЦһ仰Ĵޱ֮
񣬰һɣȴ˲Ҳ˾͸öֹòΪİñҸΪ򵥣ˣһصĴ磬һŮˣ
˼ΨһĸоֻСھ߷١
ȥһʱһֱ仰
ֱ˿̣ŵһظоԼıӡ˽޳ܻ
磬ɩڴףԸǰúϣͬġվɬЦţЦıɣϣ󡣡
ʲô󣿡׶ʵʲô飬ֱ˵
һ󣬴ɩճɾֵܵ۲úܣҵ£ͰдɩٲģĸҽһùҳȻҲͲ۲ˡ
ЦݴЩԳٺһЦҿ϶Ŵɩ۹ġ
Զʱظҵʲô飬ԭʹ㲻˵ѵһ˲ɣ¾Ͱˡ
ݸһЦվǿǰǢ
ڵڶˣҿɶԴɩɡͷԺʹɩ˺ӣҪһɵ϶ûɣ
ԱߵĺɺͻȺԶʱڡһվüŭĿޣôû⣿ƾʲôƾʲôҪһɵҶ壡ҪľȻڴ˺ڰĴʴʣҪռˣ룬ģ
ƾұǴɹȥûоֱӹһȥеʹһȥǵ飬ʵǴɩ쵰ʲôɣ
ޣôͲɣǺӵ壬Ǿǲͬ⣡˻ĶŶǻûӰδ֮£ȴӪһֵּļҳ嶯
Ȳ˰ɣǸǸǺ󻰡ɫģ˼ʶûóأһȻѾʼʹƽˬʴ˼ԾɲǺߣǿЦãֱﻹݣ״Σ֪ơ
׶ˣȴȫŮҵһ棬Ϣ
һ˲۲תǴ˵˵Ҳ㣬ʱҪиһаŮġС쵰˭͵˭ǵһɵƾڰտڰ׻뵱Һӵĸɵô˵顱
˷׷˵Ǻãôˣ˭͵ã˭ǵһɵ
ǹЦС쵰϶Ǯ
˲⣬ĺһɽΣ
׶ҡͷ̾Ϣⲻ٣˭һɽ˭ܲģǶȻĵģ
˼ʷΧ쳣ǢƽЦ׶ʱκ˽
Фʧʲô֣п룬һɽͰˣ
ԺǺЦԭһɽԶӮˣСӼҲûҷָҶӣȻԴһɽָտɴһɵͷΣԤˣ
Фһ༥ƾʲôԤǲ׬ǮߣڸҶӣһ£ΪӮˣһɵλãФǻ֮Ф㲻
ֵ㳳ּ䣬ܹĸоǱԼһǱ˽෨ڵɢȥȥ١
һƬƣ̫
߽⣬ɢ
ЩнɢȥҲоԼ˲١
ȻܻЩɬζġ
ˣģٱЪ˹ҪƻԼòȴҲñӵеҸ
İ˹ñҺãҶԣδһҸ
Ҳо˶ĳֿ¡
ںˣڸҲˡ
ôʵĵһֱһѹֵĸо֪Դڣ˶ڿرܣıⴥ·ʲô鶼й˼ɡǷεϣԵĸңڽȫʧ档
ʵӦôһ٣ϲţǲһ˵ȥɡ׶ͻȻ˺ɣΪصеһ⡣
ʲôȣȴƶʲôôߣ׼ȣȳ⣬ȴаٰС
ֵЦ̫ˣѵÿһξƾ֣̱ɱһô׵ţԺеˣұм¼£Ȣˡ
¶ŵĺ±飬ؿڸ̾¡ˣҿûм޸ҡؾôסǰӵİ
üǿƶ׷ɱȺС
Ц
һչţղŵǸ취ĲȺӳˣǾͿ˭͵أ˭ǵһɵ޲ɣҲһݺˡ
Ȼתͷѭȥֻɷ֮ĴԴ˹
ͬʱֵ£ɶ¶
ɷ֮ҡͷԣνзݣͿܹܲùҡ൱һɵҪвֵ֧ģҿǹӵͷĸǺǡ
˵ͷʩʩȻˡ
˷׷ŭȴǶǣؾƾһУɷ֮湫ãĸ֮ˣ˵ǿа

нԸڷɽǧӵܣ󣡡нȻѴ⡣
ҶЦſھһ仰
ǧӵܣҶЦǳ鴤һ£Ȼ̫ˣ̫ˣ
˵ǧˣͱǧˣ
չô죿ǡ
ô˵һô£
ľפأҶЦʶ졣
ոսľӪòҲߴŲðɡ
ֳֻģ͵İٺţȻֻʮˣЩ˵ֵǹȴҲżˡ
ǲСĿֽǧ˵Ļ˵Ｔʱ͵óֳ״̬
ҶЦ飬нЦſģǧֵܶߵģ־ֻеļǸɽפڷɽԭԾפԭΪķֶ潨ʱȺ
ҶЦʱ˵ģʽίʵУҲؿڷɽǸɹߣֻҪڷɽԭֵĸϵȵȣһ飬Ȼ¼ãԲžΪһȣܷԼְȨ
ˣЩԺͻнͷ
ҶЦ̫ѨĸоһĲף۶ˡ
Ǳ߸ոͨүļԱۿֲˡ

үӣǷõֲҶЦ̣òƲð
үӶ״Ҳͷ˭õŲһν׵ȴôͶһʵ൱׵ĸ߽ߣж֧ǰ鸽ⳡʵ̫ˡ
ǹүԭְλҲ˲棬˿ҲɵЩɵۣһʱ䲻֪ԼӦ
үǾ֮ˣΪһ棬ʣϤȴַ߽߿ɱȣֻǳƬ̣˾ƣ漴֡Ȼеģⷽ淴Ҫ㵽жθڣҪ󡭡ǷԽЩһ
ҶЦĿһү˵ָ֣ʲôϸĿ٣Ŀǰʲôط
ү򢳤ĺ룬΢Ц»Ҫӵǰⳡ˵𣬷ҳǳΪȡһ죬ҵټĳҲʹ˱˰裬֮ء
ԭеְԱȻҲͶйҡ
Ȼ棬Ȼûм߽ߣȴǷȱ۲񣬷񣬸ְ𡭡֮ӦоУ
һֻӴ󣬾ֻеĹǸ֣Ҳǧ֮ࡣ
ҪĻô޵ַԲ㡣ү˸ĪĹʣЩ˵ְܡǹ˿ڵķҳǡ
£ҲͲһ˶ѡ
ҶЦ΢ЦһЦȻԾЦȴһĿЦ
ǽЩ˶ҲǲУȣԼ㹻ЩˣҪûǮˣֻҪӳȥʯͷܻĲƸ𡭡
ΣЩҲǳзģܹΪķչףӳԶǶĻͶʻǻģٲ
ǡǷбҪôأ
ϾЩȫˣǿɾǽһҳεζˣ
Щ˱ǷҳǵԭףĹģ˵һҼܹС˵ģ
۾ϸĵعҶЦɫ仯ƽϸһԼԼζ
ƺڹ۲죬̽ڡ
ҶЦüͷ˿̵ϸ˼飬ûע⵽顣
˼ţԼҪʲôԼҪʲôҪ󡭡
үעҶЦҶЦٳٵĲ˵ûϣѸӹһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ȻǸǰ֣Ϊһֿ̫ܻɻĹ࣬ҲɾֻļʮˣҲάֵǰ
ҶЦȻû˵·ûүӵĽ飬ֻȫͬ
үеʧɫ
ȻôûСҶˣ̸ʲôֻԻͣѵϷ֮ǰѡǴģȻͶЧһĿǳ޴ֹۣؽ󣬴ǵϣ
ٹƬ̣ҶЦһ˵үӵ۹⣬˼ȻǷҳǵĹаףҲǿɿһõ˲šϾôĹǰ
䣡
ҶЦһ¡
ڡ
ϵһֵܻᣬܱߵؾܴҪϧǮƣһؽΪһȡ
ǣ
Ӧһ漴ɵ˵ӵ뷨еֽ׶ηҳǷѾﵽ൱̶ȣڵͳΧȻСȽϴеԲֵĿǰֻǵһСɣֻ˵Ϊѣ൱ĳ̶ȶԣά
ƵΧôǾͻӸвֵܻһͳελǵıΣ㡭ֵܻ᷽⣬ǹ类ҳǵһϣֻ»ѹ
ҶЦһȷʵǣǵΪ϶ϲӴϣ˼·ܱߵĶϱЩڣ
Ѿֵܻ᳹ռݣǿ϶ΪɷƸ¥ռݣǵǰƫһ磬Ȼչ̣ѵõȴصüȣ϶ɳˣͬʱҲǣֵܻͬ棬ڹ壬ϵ̣аҲǿƽͶڶʳǧɽˣĿǰ⼸ɣᱱĿȨķʵһߡ
ҶЦͷһǵȻѡս֮ˡ
𲽲ʳսԣЩУһĲʳ
ҶЦ¶ɫ
ԭˣȫҪˣҶЦһЩǸɷȫҪǵҲȫҪ
ЩƷģ֮⣬ģԸȫҪˣһƵĹܹ⿿ǸɷҲУܵӦ£°ɣ
ҶЦһүӵʱˡһ˫۶ɵùԲȻ̫ˡ
ոвűԹôһûɶôһӾһ춯صĴ


66 ޽죡
үĵ׷·һֻձڶȴȥһȥأ
һ˫۾ɵùԲŵǵȫ¼ʹǳȥЩݬġͷٻʮϡ⻹һܱص֡
ҶЦֲΪȻſڵʮΣôĻҵʮʲô
⻰ҶЦԵĻˣҶЦҲʱ½۹սҶЦֶΣٵж࣬ʤǿɾʮ˹ģս󣬿ɲʮж٣׿һ۲㣬βΣͬߣħսλߵأȻǳ˿ɼ
ȻȴʶƲƲ죬
žǴ˵еҶҲûôθڰɡ
Ųµʱ䣬ȻҪһƽʮ£ʮ˻ս˲ţһȫǹͣսԺԲơ
Ҳ˵ûộҲ˵ûôƸЩˣҲ˵ΰõ⡭
ֻ˵һ㣬ôı
ʮˣලٸ£
⡭
ЦĲЦһ㶼Ц
ү㵣ĵЩͳͳ⣡ҶЦһ֣ȰЩסȻ˲ţɲܷˡҪǱȥǿɾͿˣӵɽԣȴ
һסĶʮ˿ɲСĿ
һﻹ֪Щκвߵģ⻰û˵
ҶЦֻȦİĶĵؽ磬⻹ס
漴̾˿ǼȻ
İĶأէܶ࣬ǡʮˡ
Ŀֵ˿ڣѻ˼˼ˣɲˡ
һ̣ҶЦ䵱յĺսħ֮ʱʱԼΪ̲ٹģɶеزûأǴ˿̣ܲôô
ϣȷֳһ֣ڼߣɢԭϣר°ְλȽԱˡһ
ʱϵЩԭڷҳǵĹԱԸǰЩԹְˣֻҪܹͨǵ¼ÿˣͿפ룡
ͷЩû⣬ǰĹؼȴǡλֳ֣Щÿڣ
˵仰ʱ򣬹үӿٶҶЦĵҪСﵽжٸɻ
ҶЦüſ˵ȵȻսãÿҪսӦУ
սɷʮãֱǣãããţããããããããá
ҲʮФãսΪãһûɣС
үһĿࡣ
ҪôֵĻһʮûʲôģϲԱ͵÷ֳʮˣһŶ˰
ãִãѫáԼ
⻹У󱾲
ҶЦӵ˵аӣǰҪõĸ䱸޾ϸһһ˳ȫ˳
ܲģսģͷģ̵ܵģ˵ģ¶ġ
гʮÿڡ
үԽԽԾ⡭һɣ
Բһɡ
Ҷү룬ܹϵµһ˳үӺȻֱ֣Ӿǳܣֻ˵һƵĳΣ
ƣ
һˣүһӼ
Ĺʲô
ҶҪġԲһĽ
ʵ֣Ѿ˵˺ܶܶࡣ
ĿںţǡҶЦüһ£޽죡
ҪĿ꣬˵ɾͣԺһ˳ȥҪ˵һ𾴣ܵŴ
ǾĴּ
ҶЦĿԵģȴǲɵĿ˵ֲǿţɣǣһʼļӻһҪˣػʵһ֯ؼĶ
һƮǣȥд¡
һ̣оԼ֮УͻȻӿˣƺ˶ꡣ
һֳĪɾ״̬
ӣǿõ̫١ۺʵҲͰ治ǵ˵˴ĶҪעǲܵġһΪʸ֮ģֻڵϦ֮䣬ϾʵʵһĹؼ
Լ˼ҲûʶԼ˵仰ʱĵѾȫվҶЦһߣһһơϽԡĿԼ̬ˡ
ҶЦҧҧǺް취ȴ޿ɱֿҳǵʣγȻں쳾Ѿ͡Ҫ֯˹СֻĿǰְ취ܹ֡
ȻЩ棬ɸѡһ֧ȫԼ
ΪʲôһὫĿ궨λԪǸߣΪӵʥΪϵĸ߽ߣڵʵˣҲ޷ǯƣֻɷΪ˴εľ档
޴ӸƣнĺڷɽҲֻ
ԡֽ׶ֻܲȡǰķʽôչȥֱб֡
ΣֻҪڽΣʱǴڡۻʳҲڣͬΣء
ЩΣͱⲻˣҪԡ
ȻǱȻҪΣôֱӴһʼͽڷƮҡ֮УһȻµıᣬĻΧ֮Уǳ˱һȴ𣡡
Σδزתսգ˻ǴΣȴҲͬʱĥǵĶ飬ܹΣתתƱػǵõĳɳ
ҶЦ̾һתͷŹ棬ҪҵȻҪȹ衣žƽ֮УûлԻͣûӢ۵ģ
ȻãĬĬصͷ
ҶЦⷬȫ˽ȥ
ҶЦ۵ʵͬʱܷ񣬵òϣҶЦһֳκһˣκһλ߶ҪǿǷݺη޷˵ðվ񣬸˲Ŀ
ҪôʷΪʷһҳҪôڵϦ֮串𣬻ݹһѣ
ڲ֪ΪΣȴǳǰδж־͸ɾ״̬
ҶЦһ仰вϵػ졣
Щ棬ɸѡһ֧ȫԼ
ȫԼ
仰ùү쳹Ӵĺĳһ㲻ϵľ޴졣

Ȼ˵
˿̹үвðһ뷨Щ϶ҲʱǸϳˣѵôһǴᣬ¡һֻҲеڶλᡣЩ϶үⷬ˵֮һҲԼһѡɡ
ȫһ֧Լ
ʶߣ
޽졣
ǵҶҲΪֻԵɺϣһߵǸλ֮󣬲ͻȻʶߵҰģ
λҶӣȴǴһʼʱ򣬾Ŀȷ
΢ĩʱ򣬾;ԼĿڣֱָ߷壡
ɲһܹ߱
ǺøԶ˵ΣǾֻˣ
ʱദҶôҲǰǰĲ
˵ǲߣҲδܶԣʱ֤֤
үӴҴҶȥ
ҶЦŹүӽнԶ̬ӵ̬²ɵҲ̾ϢһǸֵˣҲΪɹۣʵ޵úܡҲ̫״ҲͲͬεĸ߽ôĽ
Լ취ȻЧȻҪԷټ꣬ҪΪԼɡ
ҶЦĿүӵ״ֻǿȳɵתȥүӵ壬֧ŵס
мڴˣҶЦѾʼﱸöһ¯Ԫ鵤ȻŻҲԹүһˣͶԼµĹ˲Ŷ˲Ϊձ鲻ߣҩΪԪʣΪҪ

ȻҶЦȫ֪ǡ
ү߳˾󣬲ǵعչһֵ֮ͻȻһΣһ˾ʹʧӰӡ
Ҳֻɲǹ⾰֮󣬹үӵٶȳֵʱѾȥ˳Ǳһլ档
үӲ˿ͣԵ˽ȥ
Ӿؽ磬عҲ·̣
үͳֻһѾ
ƾһ֣Ī˵ɷ֮֮ǲ꣬нʥߣҲδõ
˵Ŀ⣬ƫòĺܴ˵

ϹүͻһУȴǰլ
լʱһɧҡ


67 ߹ģ
үӵһУǼѧʣһ֮ȫ޵˴լ֮Уլ֮һӦ˵ȣܿүòƺһɤӣ޵úܣլУˣ׵ȫˣ©
ǹˡ˷׷
ϹСӲǸСūȥпǼСǿɷ֮ˣ߿ôһһ뷢԰׵ߣȻ֡
ЦעŹ棬Ρ
ϹȥС£ǴһģһŭҪٸԷŲӲңȥӵȱ
˵գһҡ
ô߹һЦɫܹȷСӵô
δȷһ£¶ǰ˾Ųʮ֮ǰǿ壬ڿҶӵʱؿȷʵЩȵĸоѾǲĨɱ֤
һֵ˵Ļǿ϶ûˡ
ֹڴˣСһҲǴúܡҸղ˵ȱȫȻϷԣٵܶ࡭ֻµҪǼҲһġ
һʱȻβŵô磿Ūʲô飿
Ū飬ʵǲòȻүӰ̾ǱѾĿ꣬úܡϵ£һ©Ϊƣָǡ
Ŀꣿ֣о˸ֻԪСϺһʲôĿꣿʲôʸ̸֡
ִľ󡭡үӲ֪̾ҫľĿǰûȫϣΧΧǽŸսꡭȴѾռĿ깹ˡ
ԶĿꣿָʲôߺɵʵ
ʶۣ֮үһֵ˵
δһɲǣԭȫκ״ƣͻȻǰһ£ֱͺһըһ̣ͻأըȫ汬
ʶʶ£
ƿǰ֮үȻվ۾˸
֮֮꣬ٷϴˣҪʶ£
һһֵ˵Ϲأǲǡ̫һЩкøԶäĿԴ֮ӣ
ҵǾôӵֹٵĿǰΪֹÿһüΪܵϵƶĻƣȻԽɵĳνʵܹȴƹģ
ңļܹʱ֮ڵ룬ֻѾ֪гı˶ã򲻻ſᣡ
֮УһһȻǲΣȴͬʱҲǲΪӪΣ
һֵֻǵΪֹ޷ȷҶҼ巽浽ܹṩǽƾĿǰӵеĸ̫ǳˡ
ˮҶҷ϶ṩģǾʧȥ˾µĸ塣
ֽ׶ζԣǷҳҵʱ̡ү˵ҶӹȻѡȡʵʱ֣ɹ˾Ҳȡ൱ʵԾǳıΪʵ̫ˣֱӾνս
ϣĴҶ£ܹ߰һ
үβֱ֮ų˵µĹֺţڶ˶ʵ
֮ǰ飬õΪޣвʮһ֮ү˵
ӡү˵ν̲ǲҪһڳԳɸӣĹֺȳһ֣ʱֺų֮һֺҲ֮һ
һ£ЩʱӦùӦˣٶ࣬ҶСֻ»ģҲܻļɵϾ۹󣬷Ƹ¥аˣĶ巽ۣעĿǺ¡
²ЩͿӦˣɺ˳أҿ϶ʣھһͷӡʵ
ϲԳǣһڼϵ𣿡ߺһԾͽε£Ϲͷȫϳȥⷢȣȴ֪Լ
ãô˵ˣүȻߵΪͬ

һߣҶЦүöˣصõʱһۿ׶ſڵȺ
ǹ֪
ǰҶЦ˵ҪһϲȻ˼ǹˡ
Ͼǿ׵ķԸѾһ
ҶЦɫƽͣĵףͷΪԵʰɡ
׶̾˿ӷۣշΪ˸ұסһϢ𣬷ȼԪתΪϢҵԴ𡭡һ仰˵ʹ֣һֻֽ߬ס˷֡
ҶЦüëԳһ˿ЦݣǼ׵ɹٺӣһ㲣һɲа
׶Цһĵ˭֪ⲻǺ£ʲô취Խ⣿פյȻԽפյƫ鵤Ʒפյ⻰˵潲ġ
ҶЦǴȤǰһ˫ˣԻȡöƿ͵׶Уһƿеĵҩз£鵤ֲʧѪ뾫Ԫ⣬ҲΪһνƲת鵤Ȼֻ½絤Ҿ֮󣬵ױҩƶ״̬޸桭
һƿǸġҶЦһžתԪֲ֮ǰȼյԴ̱Ԫɹۡ
һҶЦڷϲŵУЦڱ״̬֮󣬽һŵҩȥҵƼפյظյ¶ղģഺפ֮⣡׶졢ٳҾһˣȻʢɻ飡
Ƽפյ
ղģഺפ
׶ûûϢΣ
Լ֮ǰԸΪ󵤣˼鵤콵һԶƣֱӵǶ߼פյ̫˰ɣ
ͬϲЩ˹ȥ
Ƽפյ
ղģഺפ
ͲŮ飿
СƿĿ⣬ʱޱȳȣָ׼׶ȥ
׶һתΪЩٶۣ뵤֪ǳȴҲ֪оת֮Ƶ鵤׿ƷᣬѾǵƷҷ򸾰칫һפյѾǽ֮ңҪʵʵڵضлӡǳ˹˶Ķ£λҶ̰ǰ򲻸ȡġ
һ̣̲סһϽ񣺡лӳȫ޷ڴ˰칫⣡
Ͻ׶лΨ˵ʲôùˣҪǰԼפյ˻ȥԼͲˣֱӾǴӵĶˣ
㣡
׶˶лӡ
ҶЦ״ЦڿȷǸʵˡ
ֱӽƿЦﳤȥ
ҶЦֻҪһ׶ı飬̲ס֣ɹٶҪϱڵòΡ

һδϣԶԶȻŭƺŤĳ˵Ķ˵汿޿ɾҩˣפյˣﻹҪƴŵҩֲͷͷ𣿣
׶ز֪פյΪƫŵļƷ鵤ǿΨһܹظյ鵤ҩ֮Ů޲Ϊ֮ǣƣġΪ˵˹ǲŲ̰ᣬ࣡
ŭʵҲ˵פյ֮ഺפղϣǹӸĵƼפյǿɱһഺϡѾ˹ӵĴ飬ٶ鵤Ҳݴ֮һʷĸҲˣģȴǽúܣӲ죬ѵףʵԽߣΪӳĵ𣿣
Ȼ׶ʹģôܾ˸֪㳤֣ô̰ᣬ㡭㡭Ҫˡ⡭ҪӸģ㶼ˣҵǿһȥô
Ǹһɺɸ֣˵ҸղŲ˵ˣʵԽߣԹӵĴҵԽ棬ô಻أϽ鵤ˣʵ֮ܶһ仰ӶǵĶߵغǽһжҪԹӵĴҵΪǰᣬñӺµķʽ֪ô
ǵȻ׶Ȼ˵Ӧúúñ𡭡ôʲôǾ˻Ӧе޵ģ̫̰
˸ۣɴˡ
ˡ
Լ͵ôˣȻ̰̰⣬ͲԵĺòã
ҶЦ߳Զ֪о˶˳û˶ڹЦ
׶Ϊ˸ԣҶЦ۽硣
ô˵ҶЦΪ׶ʵˣȷʵƽ׻ᣬΪڴˣҶЦȴԴ˱кøУǺܿ۵֣
಻øֲ̾ô˾üʮȴû޳òֵ״ûСΪ˵̵ѧʵʵҲǵ൱ĵز
㲻ǰ޹˺ߣҲˣ㿰ӵ

ҶЦá
ɹļʮ˴ӽʽ


68 Ѱ
Ȼܳڵ˵ֻǹүӵһ֮ԣҶЦԴԾһɸѡԣȷ룬¼ְλ
ΪЩ˼͵ͬǾڹĻʯҶЦԴ˲˿ģԶǵĿǷÿݡ
ȻЩࡣ
ҶЦķʽܼ򵥣ͬʱܼѣЩְ֣ʱĹֻһɸѡߵݣɸѡַ䵽ÿڣʵλϣ
ҶЦеǣЩ˼ֱÿ˶ӵһ˫۽Ҳơ
ƺȫῴһ㣬ѡĶԸƢΪ˴ʺϵĹ
ƽĮԣĳӲʮˣѡá
ЩĵĽɫȻʺ֡
սʮãҲѡ˺ʵ֣н򸾣ʱսİڣҲȫһȻһӦδѡ񣬵ÿһ˶˾ţ
⣬鱨šලҲͣȻǰޣɸѡϸ¶΢ĵڷ֮ȴѾԿչˣһĽչ
׿Ͼ֮⣬ͲҲλˣר˽Ȼǰϻǿհס
һ˵һսһճͣͬҲһգ߹ģ
Ϊ׵ҶЦڸڵһӦ񣬻òģѾͨ˴׵ˡ
ȻҶЦ֮ǰ벻ġ
ֻ˵үӴ֣ߣÿһģͬʱܾ״ҶЦӼᶨ˽ҳԭĹԱչľġ
ν΢֪С󣬾͵ǰЩԱˮ׼жҲǲӶģԱʧڷ
ǰһȴǴľ¼Ҳ˻裬ǹϵסססĴ⡣
Ծؽ緶֮ڣһȻľ
ڶ峿Ѿʼȫ٣ɻĸɻְཨ裬һ١
ȻڴԸɾʮ㣬δʱһ鷳ҲȻ
ལ֮ˣԿǰ֮ƣͻȻܳ֡
ལŴƺƴٺˣ˷߱ƽ
Ŵһ뷢԰׵ߣΡΡһ
Ҽ¶һֻ
׾
һƺÿһߵúܼѣǵĸй٣Ǿ߲ϵ壬ƺֻҪһܴõһƽȴؽȻһĪѹ
ոյĸһֲСӣڻӺĸɻһȻէȻҲЩΪֻһڸɻĹ˶ѡ
ȷģսн
ֻλսܲݵλһֲ£һľͷţ׼ϷΪ֮á
нķݿɶһβȹ磬һߴ֡
нΪսȻҪԼܲķӸøߴһЩͺñȴרĸ߼ľ
˵ľӲ֮ʹס಻಻ڷиܹɢһȶ񣬿ٻָƣͶȡΪڴˣľмΪ߰меϡݽԤ㼫ࣻн˴ҲǻԵɺŽ֮չġ
ľʮɳһԺǴ´ģֻǴ˼ʻûü⿪űʱȴӦڵķ
в֮͵ˣ
н˵һ漴ԭڼϵַţһһ㡣
ֻʵ̫һЩɶ֣ʮɳ
нôģԱߣӲĵһѿҲơ
ΧҲڸɻ֣ɷ׶һ˵ȣ˼Ҳ֣ͣңңڵļһ
ֻǴһľϺˮʪðһһϲĿˡ
ߴ˼Ѿߵ˾ſڡ
ڴſֵģǶһԪƷΪĴ󺺣޶չνֵվڴſϢûκ˱һɣֻҪһϴǶڻӺ꣬ȻһԽȻȻڿţ벻øɻ˵
վſڸɻһ˵죬ָָ㣬һԵֲ֧ӡ
ʱͻȻоһǰ˵ƣԶǿƱƽ
һ̣нԤʾ
ͬʱһϵԺܳȻ𣺡ɾǾ󣿵֪ƶ˺ڣ
ƳۣʾĴݲȡ
һаաŵƶ
ںغһﵱȻǾ󣬿϶۵йλȻеķʸѵ֪ʲôطֱǻ㣬һʣǴ˵巽һйǸ𣿡
һСڣͽƿ֮죡
ͷڽϴҲЩͷˣȴʹδ˵κһǰ߾Ҫġֵ￴ţһڵĹҪʲôͶӽ鲻ǵӵСܣ
벻һŵľȻţĴʴʣ˿ء
ľٶȻ˲ལŵԤϡ
ȥǸ˵ǲལǰݷãҪ飡Ҫ㵣𣡡ǿס˵
ݶۣһŵҲίʵǶǸˣȻףǶǿѹŭ
ϴɶ£ǰҪԽңԽôȻȫûΪһְܴԾأŲʵȸһ㱨㱨˽ԭίҵжһ£ҪбҪĻȻͰ㴫ﴫЩӰ˵£ϴǺεˣֵδ֮ʱй㣿
⻰˵ԩ𣬼ǹѲལŵİݷ÷ϣֱӸȳɽŵˣ
ſڼལŵˣɫʱĳ
ϼ
һһŵģȻҪǸ㱨㱨жжϣ
ϣ˾ٷڹǡԱλĴ˵ֱӴȥȴ˵
λ뷢԰׵Ĵĵͷ֪ߵغļһʰˣ
һ֣ʱͬʱ⼲塣
ԸһǴһϣһü
ʱͣ
ȴһʮ˾˷ܵһХֿȭͳȥڿ֮ͷһа׺ᣬʩչƮݶѣŶȥ
ңͷϰ뵣ֳԼΪƷ
Ԫ磬Ʒ
һ׳򣬿ȱ
ʦ֣ʹúһа׺ᣡȺУʱһȲ
˵ʱʱ죬λʦ־չΣƮ֮µص˶ǰЦһŵģСүҹȥɣ
Ȼ
Ƶ˵һ޻أȻѾһɱɱ֮ģ
˫ֱأֲһעŶԷۼɱͷ¶һ˿εļڽ
ڶԷİ׺֮м˲䣬ԾɱԾɱţԾãȻ޾ΨҽͻأһΪķʽһ˳ȥ
޻٣һ߳
䣡
һţڼ䲻ݷ֮˶Էӭֻϡ
Ҳǰ׺֮еһ˫׳֮ϣ
ƴҾ׼һţʱǿ˫ֱӵȥԼؿλã⻹ûʣһŵ˿δ˳Ҳݺݵǰأ
һҽ
һָƣʮͷһ·Ƽһ˳ȥ
һɣɳȥʮɿռ䣬ǡ䡱һײһôϣֻȥԾһʱֹ
һ죬Ҷڵϣٹ£ʹ˼Ȼ
ֱ˿̣Ծ˫ֱأԭأ۾ǼڽĿŶ棬ٺһЦԭǴôѵϬղſˡ
ͻأһתͷԱߵһһӣֽе£ˡϳ棬˵ղǼһ᲻鷳᲻ٸһʲô׺ᣬҡĺú¡
λϳֱӱЦڣ㺦ѽҲ°ղſˣལŹȻĪֶΣŻ㣬˵ãǰδȻδǾģȴһǿǰ̾Ϊֹ̾Ϊֹ۹
һһ䣬ڿ֮ǣЦǰͣĲལȴһƬţ
ղųѵˡǸһȻǲལŵĸ֣ȴҲ֮һٮٮߡӵӡ
δΪ˼Ϊ˽ġ
ǵӵΪȻߣֻԪƷݶԣѾΪܿɹŵӣ˭Ҳ벻ӣδϣУڶԷһ˵ϾȻһжûֱ꣬ӱһˣ
ֻһոճݴõŵĶǿʵ


69 ײ
ལǸߺЩؿ˿۾мʵҵҪĴţȴδҪನֻۣһλᣬԶЧڻѡȥͨڴһΣֻһΣЧ
ߴԣȻƺȣ֮⣬ɭȻɱ⣬ȴҲĿȻң
ֻǣݣΪʵۣԶϳԣȴֲţֻڳһʵ
ʹϳ˶ڽϴ˼ʮϽںвλལһһ㣬µһһڵģšϳ桯Դ
˿̣ԷвζĻмһ˵˲ӣǿ׳죺ڽֵܣŹĺȲ֮Ӳפڣڲ⣡
ལһ˵һ
ֽо󣬲һߴȴֶ׵ĳνΪԼȫǾˣ
ĺֱд
ˣȻǶˣ

ǣ
ȻϧᣬǾ·ĿкһɭɭɱΡ
ལԪϣȻ֣
ϳڽμΪ֮ݣལλὫעϣԲųһԪĺóȻԪֵ߳Ļ¡
ղŵһţѾΪţԪƷΪȻףȴδལڣΪԪƷǱܻ׽Ű£ལӶ˵Ϊ֮ǲ֮ƺļ֣˵޵ڶεĽң
ϳǿźη壬һЦҪ֡
Ǿ֮ʿɢ澳ʤȻ֪ΪҪѷɫԷһȴǸǣսΪȻҪһ棬˫Ϊಢ⣬ٵеľĶ־жʤĹؼڣ
˫ţսһ֮ʡ
ס֣
һȣһӰȻڿУĮŶ棬ҪڿؽҰʹûС
꣡
һߣһ޴ӰӡһҲˡ
н
нĸߴԶ˲٣ȴֲþ޴ݣ֮á޴ݣΪнʱ򣬺ȻнǸʮɳľڼһ˹
Ϊ֣ӴȺܵĻֱӾ׵Ĵɱ
ֻҪһȥǾһƬý
нֹн޴оҲæظ˹ɷɱˣȴܽɷ÷ˣ÷ƱػȾһȥǹˣۼҵô죿
Ժⷿӻܲסˣ
治޴оʲô
ⶼЩɶˣộѵҪϷнüʲꡣ
нԼ롣
ʵǡǰˣнЩƣЩʵȻҲѵȫ֪ôдô
ղŶԷΪĴ̼ŭһΪԪ˸
нΪȻһ۾Ϳװס
ЩˣǸͷӶ˵ͷΪߣҲʥԪһƷ۷ΣӽʥԪƷΪߵֹԪƷȻԪƷƷ߾Ӷ࣬жʮˣµľȫԪ߰Ʒ˾ƷΪ
лԪƷҲһˡ
ноЩԽת
ЩĲŹϷؾŴ󼪵ô
Ҫֹ֪ߣİٶԪߣ
ȻûʲôƷƷԪ߽ߣƷȴеǣʹΪ͵ģҲԪһƷˮ׼Լ򸾺Ͳ꣬ѾʥԪƷ
ս㣬˸Ҷү֮⣬Ԫϣ
Լʵѹ֪νɼֱǸƵû𣻶һȥ鷳ԷӦݷ𣬴ˣ˼ʷĵˣ
ֱЩˡ
ֻߵģ
ԷǲལŵˡƲƲ죬֮Ի־ô¡иֵܽ䡭ལŵ˿š
򵥶Ҫ˵һ£˫ôĳϴʱҸˡû뵽ˣ֪˵ǲңǲء
ӵоֱǸ֮
нһ˫ìܵ㾹ŮӣǿռޣҪ˹˲ص飬̲סŭڣŵĻˣֱǸһ飡
нԲ鷳صòã벻ͨǣ鷳ôҲȵһԼʵɡͶЩˣЩ˾ȻǿΪߣȻҲ鷳ܼëյҲշİɡ
仰һڣʱ仰ľһ֮һ鴤
ҪЦˡ
ǿΪߣȻҲ鷳
仰֮ʡ
ʵ治Уֻûģûвڵģ
ĵȷȷΪ͵ģҶЦף
нλֱboy仰øո߹׼ǰҶЦҭһӣֻоͷŲڶǽһӿȣѡ
⻰ô˵ģȻʵʵҲǲϹ˵ĺòá
ȻҲ˶нʵǰ׷ߣҲǲལŴʵߣ˼۾ɵעнǸоЩ죬ü˵ʸǡߣ
н䲻˵ǣֻǾ¶ѡ
⻰ҲǺŪˣнȻһսͷȴʱǰ׺ʵڲ֮ڿڣ˵ȴҲϾҶЦ֮⣬һǾأ
漴һת¶΢Цǣǿ׹ˡ
̧ͷȥȴһˣûݿʣͦΡ
һѹӵٷ緶
ֻǣλȲĹү˿ȴǳȻΪĳЩ¶еˬ
ߺһΪǵĵóһжϣҲģ鶼ˬ֮顭
ⲻ֪ҶЦĲˬȴԲΪǣΪղн˵Ǿ仰ǿΪߡ
仰ҶЦмԹ
ҶЦ˼ʺһҹͻһƷѾԪƷˣ
תƷЩһԾֻСϺסڻסû˵
ˣҲеޣôĳɼ֣ɣ
ལţҶЦŽü£
ߵʿ׹գ
Ҷڵĵţʲô£ҶЦ
ϸشҶЦһʱһġ
ΪĿʲô֣˲õĺݽɫȴ벻ֻһԪƷļһ
ΪСɫףмΪЩģȴܷ˻
˲ལŴϣһɣϻǰǰѯ飬ҶҲǵáһΣճ棬ĿĺǼ򵥣ֻҪΪµӣֻһ
һҶЦһ֪Ҫôֻȥֻ˵Ҫθǹ
һ˵ҪĹܼ򵥣ǽ䣬һ¶˵ĸԴϴζֵˣԶһۣСʹ룬Ǿ˳˵ƽţΪ⳥ֻҪ㣬ǿһ棬ȲŻĻᣡ
ҶЦЦЦÿȵ飬˵ĸ߷ڣܹڰ׵ߵܰѲǵ˵ҶԹŵļ˸һ֪ʵ˵ףལŲԹĻӣǰ̰ɣ
һȻεϼ޻˵˼ϲһȣȴԵô룬쳾֮£ȭͷǵ󣬹ʵΪȣ
ҶЦٺһЦȷʵˣǰ߲ལŵĳ˱񣬻ȥ岻ҪȴûеǲǣɣϵԲǲǰȡ֮£Ҳǣ
ֻǹ˵˷ҳ֮ŷ֣ڵķҳǱʵķңС첲С˭Ҳǲ𣬾Ҫ̣Ҳ㡣ֻܹڳǱʮԺ֮УҲԣ
ĵǣͨĳЩ˵ڴ˿̳飬ȴĶģԲԣ
ֻһʼԾû̽ʵǲǣǰˣԲԣ
֮ԽǽӴֵܻᣬǲǣҶЦڽ˵õȷеϢνĸֻһûжΪǮˣֻĸ˵΢֯ƤǴǮģԲԣ
ܹ֮ڵǰķҳ棬ֻΪֵܻıӻǲǣ
ֵܻỹӦøǣǲӻ󣬶Բԣ
Ƕʱ˷ˣǲǣ
ǻȥ֮ټָ֣ɣֵܻܿıӻԹķʽ̣ǲ㣿
ΪжԹǰȻ󸴳ںսӮʤܣȻɣǲǣ
ҳЩһҲǲȴоĴ⣬͵Ǻ˷ܣԲԣ
ڵõϢ֮󣬾ȫ֣ȫռռȵǻ̬ûֱ˳ˣǲǣ
ǲǻ룺Ҳûе̷չȴû뵽ϵôһڱңǲལŵͷϣԲԣ
ҲбԾҲһ֮ģΪڻֵܻĹʱ޷Χ֮ڣûкʵĳɣƱػᴥŭֵܻᡣལԵʻ֮ǵǰᣬֵܻȴǹܲŵģԲԣ
һһ䣬ҶЦ֮Уȫεļڽ֮⡣
棬ལŴһһһףٺһЦСӣ˵ĲˣžǿϾ̵ķˮҪչ鼺У
ʶģϽ˵أǲʶ̧١
ɭȻĺ⣺ƲԣȴѺȵġ
ҶЦЦЦ̧ͷ˵꣬ǵյĵˣڱҪһ첲ǣҾãҪҲ̫ˡϾ㽫˼Һü˶ŪѪˡ
ٺһЦʩʩȻشӿһҪĸ첲µ׵ĽֻҪб£Ƿ˵첲ǲĳͷҲ˫ַϣ
һЦֻҪܿõʲôʲôҪҪȾƺȲ裬Ҳɵǡ
棬ལŵĴһϵʱһ԰ףȫѪɫ
ڲϣһǰδеľ޴𾪻о֣ȻϮͷ
꣡
ꡭ㡭𽣣һʵ
һ̣пν޺ڡ
֮ǰֻ˵Է֮Уһʵĸ߽ߣﵽʥ
֮ǰȻҲйԥһɸоԼѾʥԪƷ֮ԶʥҲû̫ϡ֪֮󣬾Ȼɷǣ
˵Ӱ
ɢ޷ưǰɲǴģʵʵڵĴš
պգ
һȻԾԼʵȽµĲ꣬ȴǲô֪ԼԲǶ֡
ƫƫղԼ˵ϴζֵˣһ첲Сʹ룡
꣬ȻϴζֵǸˣ
ӿǽάȡ
һ첲ôÿ
Сʹ룿
֪˭Сʹˣ
һǲΣҪһ첲ȥǸˡѾˣʦ֮ػ֣
һϾΣβŸЦһ֣¡һᡭᡣ
꿴ûһһۣԹԵͷ죬ݵĵ֣֡ҲСӽеģ᣿ôûܵȥ᣿ûֵܵ˺᣿ƫƫܵˣôôأ
һɶͷЦһ֣
ֻԶһΧңң꣬Щеû˼оûҿɸС˵ѾĿɱǵĻ
ѭȥȴгһʮɳһɴֵľ޴ӵĿ󺺣֡ˡһǹڵϣɨǰལЩˣֱͺһͷϻһȺС
ĿײУΣ
ʶɵͼԶ׼ȫΣ
⡭ǡһɸղžһƳֻôЩ죬Ϊæڽаû˼ʶһϸ֮£Щ˹ȥ


70 ûôģ
һ磬ֲӵĴ󺺣ΪɴֻĹˣòɸԼĳƣϸֱ¡ˣ񲻾Ǻڷɽн
н֮ˣһͷأԱһ˿ҵͷнǺڷɽɽôﵱһδˣžͿнͬβȹŮӣһһΣǺڷɽɽˣӾȻ
˵ղſнһɻǿԼŪһԼͬʱһأ˵Ƶ˵Ͳǣǿǻˣ
⡭ô£
ղŻֻǳһ𽣣ȻѾ鷳ʼһ齭ɢޣûκĹϵδضܣֻҪལӣ棬ôδزܽӾһ߸
ߣʵڴ˵йȻĪ⣬ȴʼδоսʵ˵ãʥΣȴҲδؾһʤԼ
Ǽϲལȫʵ֮ܵö뻹ǲꡣ
ڡԽڲལһߵķչ
벻Ȼڲ鷳
ڷɽֻطʵΪн򸾣ʥߣһɱֻ»Ҫڲ֮ϣʵʹ˲ལŵȫʵҲԺ˵
¡޷ˡһǲལڳΪ֮ˣҲ״֮ˣʶԼһײ˴塣
˵½Ϲֻ֣ǰˣԽԼལ˶ңö
ôӦô
˵ʲôķʽأ
ֻнתλҶӹ˵¸δʾ⡣
һнԣӲûۿҿҶӵʲôͷнӵĴߣȻֻ£ôô
ɵ֮࣬Ӽתˣ
ҶЦһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣºңⱾսøø飬ȻȫȨڵľֲ٣סĵضȴЩáղĳԺ쳾֮£ȭͷǵ󣬹ʵΪȣʡѵĴܾ֮⣿
нһ񣬹Ц
ǿͷӶ˵Ķִ˲ƣȴû뵽Ҳֱ׳Ȼռס˵µƸߵ㣬ԷԼԼġ
ʱһ𣺡սõĵǣ
𣡡
һĴ
ȴٶͬһģ˵ٶˢˢ˳һЦüü۵ģڵĻŭš
濪ģһû١
֮ǰ˵ģֻҪɱͿԵõӦĹֵڵõѫõ϶ĹֵĿ֮󣬸ĿһΪ˲Ԫҩ鵤
ԭڷոս֯мйͿ
ȴҲû뵽ڳĵڶ죬ȻôһȺ
ʲôʲôģ˵ľϵڱ
ҶԴ˶ַġ
䣡ҶЦһȡ
ڣ
׼ս
ǣ
Ȧ죬رȭʩ⡣
ޣҽ죬Ϊ㱨ˣҲû뵽£ô磡
н
ڣ
ҶЦĿ˲תɷ֮ӵһɵģȴɱݽĵȻ˵һҪ󣬲ལ뱾ԪйԽвལ֮ˣһҲŹȫ£׽ٷ׽ߣ׶ȼӱȫ䴦
ǣ
нЦսõĵһս
û䣬׶Ѿһ˳ȥֵ
ͬʱ
úڣ
úڣ
ãϣ
ãսһǣ
ˣǵĲŶԣ
սʮã໽˳ȥ
ǰȺལ֮ˣĹֿͣޣϵҵǰ;ΪһкҪĶˣ׽׶ȼӱ³ֿԵСģЩĲལˣҲ͸ʵ࣬ڿžž˵սСĲǡ
ҶЦҲҲñүΪǳ˵£ôû¾ľУ
ãȫ԰һģ
н緢ֻάƬ̣ҲˣСһĺĹһǿƳһɲལˣİٶԪΧ˶ԷһôٺˣҴ뻹ԪСϺףԷ𼸺Ƿַӵ£ԼλսһҲûĻǿɾͶ˶ˡ鼱֮£ɴ೭˳ȥ
ߣнķһľ֪һ϶һʼҪƵͼ
ƵͼǿԣۼⷿԺôãĵĲ
ལŵ˵ֱӾɵˡ
ЩˡէһȺӵӣ˵ϻմ۹һָָԶ߿ţ˭Ҳû̫¡
Ͼľʵ϶ɻ˼ݣֵ˼ֻҪǸ˾УΪ֣
ڡ
Ǹͷһĳһ£ȫˡеȫԪ֣
ҵģѵľƸ񹤣ȫҵԪ񹤣
𰸣Ȼʵв죬ȴȫȻûģ
İԪߵͬһʱ䱬棬ལŵЩ˰˳ֱӾŵȶˡ
ȱ仯̫ϷһЩ
ལΪﵽҶЦĿģһҳǵ˼㳲ͷҪٻи࣡
Ƚھİٺ˵ȴֻǾԵõĻһһĻᣬþֻ䵽һĲҵƣ
ҾǳҲҪۼֿУҪȻûĹͣ
ԴҶȿֺ
٣һ
нǸ˶޵ĹӾͬһѾ޴ͻȻչֱʯ쾪һ˹ȥ
һ£еķʸҲ޵ķʸ
ΪһɣһܣȻݣȴҪһ
ʱջжһ֮£Ĳ˵ˡ
һɳȻһֻü˰䣺󡭡
ʱнĴѾͷХƷѽû
ͬʱһ֮˸
ȴǲв֪ʲôʱһͨĽֽʩչһķż˲ལŵȺš顱һȻн֮ǰһɶײһȻ˳ƫƣһתͽ˲ལһȺͬһͷͻ˽һƬȺɡ
ˢˢˢ
߰˵Ѫɾĳ
ҶЦԻ׽ΪȣལŴ㳲ʥԪһƷһ֮⣬ʵ׵Ԫ߽ߣ˿̵Ŀ꣬⼸ˣ
ʥԪԪҪ߳һ󾳽磬һ󾳽Ĳͬ칲أǼʵ㲻ĲལŸ֣ϲľɱȴȫ޿أ˲ʱнףս⻹ǲ飬⼸λѽϹʬ
Աߣɷֱ֮ϲѾĶǾˣôʲô֣ǶǵģǵĹ׶ȡ
Դ˳ţһٶȳȺ
䡱һнĴֱַɳ֮˳ȥ
ղŲһУһɱƿҲнеķʸױ޵ķʸּ֮ͷн´󼱣Ǿþս֮ˣӦ䣬ֱӽԭйתΪ޲𹥻ģʽҹΧȻ˲ڡ
һֽУȥٶȼ٣ͬһѸӵĹ룬ŭнôġҶ򡣡
˵ʱʱ죬ո룬ȻѾһƬѪɡ
һɱһײ֮δȣĺˣнĹѾӭȫܵĻأȥҪùĿɾལˣҲǺݽɫִ֮䣬һ˫ƺݺݵӭнĴӣֻһӴ֮£ͬһһӺƶ߷һ˳ȥڰգһѾ˽ֽһɫۡһһѪ˳
һƴĽ˿⡪
нΪҪ߳һ֮ǰ־ǿƳδȣ㣬ִӭսβܣȫް㷴ֱ֮ӱɣ
ɷ֮һòб˿ռϢȥһչһǾɱһɱΪԶʤɷ֮ƽʰϺڣ˵練Ҳࣻ˼Ⱥ󾭹н֮ǿ֮ĩξأ֮᲻Ժɷ֮һǿƱɱ޻֮ۿžҪܱرɷ֮Сܻ
нݿɶһչǿƳսţԺֱܴܵӺķʽɷ֮һߣžžžƣƹһɿѪ֮࣬ίȥǸһ𣬾ʹ˳սȦ
ۿžܽĺɷ֮ͲѪˣʱ򣬿ǿһǻѾûʲôֻ֮Ҫץסˣ;ûˡ
ȴнķժӣѼӷˡ
ʶ߷ߵµδɩôģ


71 ػ֮У
нķݿɶһԸô棬զأشСӵ˭СӲ֪˭ôһԹʮ壿
ԵλȻǿ´ʣ˵ռĺɷ֮ʱĿࣺҡ
ʲô㣿㻹ҪĥߴǲǣݿɶĿһɣͬŶԡѪɱȴͣɷսԼȥӣ
ɷ֮Ҫ¼ѪԱԼ飬ҵĹͱ˵Ҳˣ̰֮ӦˬΧռϷ磬ô˵ҲԡѪɱһĹϵɣҵ˵˻ҪĪصһٱأⶼĸİ
ϸһս֣ҿԷһûʣˣϽһ˽ȥأԴ˼
ﻹţʱٹ˼Ҳô˼ˣ
ڵһɷ֮ɴཫ֮˵
һɷ֮ҪĺƤˡ
ɾ˵ˡ
ղн͵˾֪ʲô˶нܹǿƽ룬ǿתǿƷ̵ģ
ⳡԵȣ߾Ӧ˵һ浹ɱУལ֮ʮˣڲһյʱвһ㣬ܵܣøɸɾ
вˣɴ˵涼ûսѾˡ
Уߵĺɷ֮
ΪûһĿ꣬һٱҪ
Щͬû͵ˣɷ֮ʱҲƽˡ
бȽϲ˺Ǳϲ㣬»Ǻôٲðӡ
棬һֻð˸ˣȫǰȻ
һѹԣĻԻʹʤ
ɽһսʤ
ЩôнȣǷȫˣ
ҶЦͷҸղŲ˵ôȫ䴦
ףнһת䣬Щˣڶˣôɾôɣ
ͨڵһ춯ལŷ汻׽һȫ˳룬ί٣֮ɫ
ĳմˣȴû뵽ߵôһ˶ϡ
֮󣬻Ѫȣȫص
ڡҪô
׼ȷһ˵ţལžųϵսһ֮ˣ
伤ûֱӾͺˡ
ͬ벻ԼȻô챨ѩޡ
лӺ£䷭򵹣ҶЦصؿ˼ͷ漴ת⣬ߵףлλֵܳȫ
ҶЦɫʲôǾϣλֵܽǣֵܣֻҪ˾ĶԹǾĶԹ
ĳˣǾĳˣ
ĶˣǾĶˣ
һģ
ʸ־壡
ǰҶЦ󲻹λֵܣһͬʣǾеκǿˣ
һˣһϢֵǵĶԹͻᱳȥ
ǣһ壡
˵ӾͦñֱעĿעӿڽҶЦÿ˵У˸Źʣ
ֵܣ
ýѪܵɱս£֤仰ȷԣ
һɲǣһ֡ҼңҸֵܡָоÿȻ
ҶЦĿ磬ӾÿһϽӹҼסĿںţʲôǾ󣿾޽죡
Ǿ󣡡
޽죡
ڳİٶž֮źֱضɽҡÿ˶оԼҪըһ㣬Ѫڣ
ÿ˶оԼͷƤڷըµĺëһʱͬʱſ
ʲô
һѪɱ¾ս
һȺ빲ֵܣΪһɱսԵڵ
һȫػˣ߼ҡ
Ѫ㽣𣬲벻
һУȫһ𣬲νĽ
һ˲͵٣ҽᣬܹĿڣػڡĳġ
һˣûػû˳ģΪζս
ػԼֻǵĻȥҲԼ룬ҲһĿꡣ
нˣе֮һͬռ롣
޽죡
˶ɼռ룬ûм˸ҽ֮˵ΪĿʵ̫һ˵㲻ᱻȺ֮Ҳᱻ߳ΪӰ׳գ롣
һ̣ȴҶЦУôö֮籡
һ̣ҲûоҶЦεĲ֪ߵغֻмĪ
ЩΪΪˣ
ڣҺʶԼУֶһػ
ػػԼļңػԼֵܣ
վĿӴҡ
һɨһ˫˫ҵ۾
ལŵҴߣɪɪڵϣʵĴ׸
Ҫô
һ⣬˺֪ͬʱҲܸȤ⣡
䣡
ȴȥɣ
ԣȥɣ֮
ĳǰ㱨ĺޣһ
ȥɣδΣܻʲô鷳ֵһԣ
һᶨңϡ
̤ǰһ
䣬ʵڶ֮ǰҾ˵£ʱֻ̾ϢһȻ²ؼ߸߹Ժ󣬶İ˵飬߸пݣȴģǽ˵ΡȻʱգѾֵܣİĽˣ
ԣվʹô̵ֶδЩˣǶ֧֣
˻ʲôʺ㶼Ҫǣ
ȫҪκιǣ
Ƕڣ
ֵܲ磬ξ壿
תһһעžֵܣĿ硣
Ƕڣ
ֵܲ磬ξ壿
һߺ
жΪֵ޾裬𣡡ҶЦڣκ鷳
𣡡
ɷ֮۸ߺ
𣡡
һߺ
˿̣һڣвལŵ˶ɫҰףɪɪ
жͬĺڣΪʲôҪôһȺӣ
ϣ
Ķ̵ʣ
޸µΨһ
ԭֻѰƶɵĶ̵ڱŰУΨһ¡
ֻǴ˿̣ҶЦѾΪǿϣӲͣѷɫڵκһ
ճʣԽֳһƬǰļž֮С
˵Ŀ⣬ȫеϡ
ĬȻƬ̣۾ȴΨһϾһƬΪİ˼
ͻȻͻȻǰδеķʽҶ
޾飡ڵ֪𣺡ΪҼ֤
ΪޱΪҶ𣡡
Ӣ鲻ԶôҶԪ겻𣬼ô
ѩĵȻ˸̤ǰһȻһɵͷȵգͣ޳ɣӵһɵʬ壬ͬͷ­һ⣡
ȻҶЦϣעųбʡ
ʵڸղţвƲѡ
ôˡལŷˣ֮ȫȻûɢļأɢ£ԪСϺףֻҪߣȻɢܣֻΪ߱Ϊǿγǿб𣬱ȴһģ
ǣսѾʼȥʼգòһɢ״ûгأȫɢҷҲӦи̣е㼣ɣ
⡭ò̫˰ɣ
䳤ХȾѪһȺ
ĵ⣬ɢŽѪΧУǰ
ǱѪѵһ㡣
һĸо
Ѫɣͷҹ
Уȫ̱۾ᣬȫƾܳӵǷѹĵµļ³ʹԼݼ³صһй͸ûע⵽仯
ڳ˶мҡ
һ֪ɫһĿתעı仯
䣬һɱ¾֮Уǵ⿪Ľ᣻ԭΪڣΪĳһ̵Īּµ˼йΧ֮Уһһεǿĵ壬һеһС
ͻˣнһ
۾ͬضųлһɱ¾䣬ͷǵģõľһͻƣԭֹǰΪҲ֮ͻˣСĵ磬Ҳõ˿ǰͻƣ
ѪȷУͻأ۾һƬѪ֮У¡
Ѫ֮ٴηɽ
֮ţػ˵Ӵ˸Ϊػ֮УػػˣػҵֵܣΨһ֣壬ǣͷ֮Ѫ֮ģΪҼ֤
һͷؿڵϣ
ͬʱһ֮ͻȻڲһš
Ѫģĳɣ
˶Դ޲ݣ
ֳͻȻһƬž
һ̣ͬʱһоԼ֮вɷָһԱ
ңֻ
ǷݹУһǿۣǰʢ
ÿ˶Ȼ
ҶЦȻվԭأһȴһһֵ˵޽죡Ϊֵܣһ뽭ˣκ裡ˣκίˣֵ֮䣬ػ
ֵ֮䣬ػ
İߺ˶оһѪʣڲϢ
һ̣ЩԭڼлЩˣΨһоֻУǲĲˬоȻɢȡ֮ģŨŨҫԼͬ
Զ
ү̾˿˵Сӵ͡ŸոճһĶ飬Ȼķʽ˾ǡΪĿںţȻҲڴ֮£ô޼ɵĺ
һδˣٶҡҡͷ


72 λүӵĴ
ڹүߣصͬƬѪǽͥԺһ׳ƣ˵˲ţţ
үӲͷŶ
ƥ㲻Ҫװǻװģ̬˭һҪЦ仨ˣ߱ĵĿŹϷӣҫҫ۲ôȼ֮ΣƫҪһװģп̾ϷΪ⸱ͿԸŻ
үӲΪغٺһЦʩʩȻźӣ˵ɣ
˵ǾԼŪԼˣ߿Цһ˵ʵڵģղϷһݳ嶯ҪȥһͬھĴ棡
Ҫ֪ϷѾǧꡭһЦ̾ղһϷΪ֮캶ҡɿǸӡҪ˵Щ־ƽƽСᡭ
˵ѳɣ
Ϸӵͷ۾źӣصͷ
νꡭǰλ۵ר꣬Ƕôܿɹ𣡡̾˿֪ôں쳾Уټɣµӣɳɾ꣬ǧ£δܹ۳꣬λҶӣȴֻһ죡
ңֶξǲ˾ʩֽвȵļ˷ʽۼ֡
˵ˣһ֮ڣһ˵۾꣡
ݳɾͣɾɲ̾
ݳɾͣ㿰Ϸһ֣
Сһίʵôĵһſ
˵꣬ص̾˿
ȻҲôСӣΪʲô̾үб۾ǲĵһĻ񲻾ϣô
ߺתһֿɵƵŹүӣβŵɵȱ㾹緢ˣѵ㻹ӵ͵ͬԼĵϵζʲô㲻֪㲻ã
үӶȻһԭ˷ܺɫȻһף
̾˵дǰǸԼ֮еЩӺˣﻹгͷ᣿Ȼ벻һ㣿ǻͷ𣿡
үĿһᣬŭ˵ޣŪǰ棬쵰һþǵع󣬶ҴŲֱóҪȵȷˣˣҪ˼ѵʱ򣬲Ÿ˼Ұͼʲôƨѩ̿Ȼ˳»ȡΣռߴԭеλܾ⡭
úӶڶ£֪˰ɣɵ˰ɣɵ˰ɣû˰ɣѩ̿Ļᶼûˣôģ䣬ܵʲôط澳Ҳᷢû¿ԷչϲģΪνĳԶƣֻԼӵܵǰ;
ɫף૵֪ô죬Ϧ֮䣬һ졭ίʵ׼û׼Ǳߺô൱Ѿפˣǡ
үأŭδϢʲôңںˣˣˣˣ괹Ҷ£߶εɷڿɵãȻᶼûˣԽԽȥˡźһתͷߡ
үӱĳ˺ǳһ£ͻȻعһȥүץסôģЩϲˡ˱˻Եϻ쵰ռȻ˲ϲҪһ˵Ҹû꣡
ү±ƣʱԵм飺ҡƾɶҪһɶ˵ɶʱ򡭡˱ˣ
ү죬ŭɣϻ쵰ҪƱ磬ƶƲߣһģҲͬģôھͳǵΣڿдפ˾ģôҪǣԼһ˶ô
ҡүӻҪ˵;ԱүӴϣ㲻ٽƱˣʵˣ˲˵ҲͰˣһԼʾɸоӢһһӵĶ˽
үɫѾЩˣ㰲ЩھѾְλЩˣȫλȨصĲ˵һﲻչصģģǹؼӵܡĸϵЩʮ֮֮⣬Щģ񲻶˽
СǼСʲôϱϱôģȻݡЩССȫŽˣ˵㲻ǿҶСӵĺ󾢣ôġ
СӳˣˡھȻҷͷӷƨǲ߿ŹүӣúӶڷסүӵӣʵһ֮ߣߡ
үӶʱǱ״ӣϽſ˿ˣʲô
ҹʲôˣ۶ΣүݣѾе״ˣⲻУǹؼƾʲôԶʳ
үӵŭſϽҷſſ۶ˡɶʱԶˡ㡭ֱ˭˵ңѾûУ֮ǰҹ㣬û˵ҿҶСӣ˰쾢ɳˣԼȴҲʹ죬ȥƨɡ
ҲܣԶʳˣŲһȥϼһ鷳˵֪ԼأԲĵвʵڲУͽ
үһʱŤҪҲôģˣ˵զ죿õʱǴˡͷβҶ˵òô죿˵ͷӣҰ˽һȰҲҪҵʱû˵СӿģСӾԲĻʱһ֮Աǣ˱ˣ
ߺһҲЩеûģҾֻ㣬ô죿ؼԶʳûţ
үüͷ
үĿעȻڵػ
ȴҶЦͻȻལȣڻҪû£û֣Ȼ鷳ǵ̲Ҫǵģѵǵ̾㹻ˣ
о仰Ҳ˵Ĳ쳾£ȭͷǵ󣬲ལŵˣôǵĵ̣Ȼǵģһ㣬ֵܻᣬҲǲܸģ
սн
ڣ
˳ལפأǷ©֮㣬еľնݳ˳㽫ԭеЩ̶չ˭ֱӿսκι˼ɣ

ս¶ˣΣ
ǣ

Բżˡ
ҶЦΪϳɾĴϼ飬ܿеϵ
սոĻûü۹ͣǰȥյ̣˱ٵҪּ
ǰսĿΪʲô
Ϊ̣ʵ
սǺܶûĻᣬ޹غʵǿʵΪûϡ̫ˣ̫ˡ
еĳȥִһ
ȫ꣬㽫һ׵˶ϡ
۹̵֣ͣԱģͨڶжһۣȻͨãǿģͨͣá
ȫնУԲڰˮ
žͬʱ಻κηӦʱ䣡
׮׮޲͵֮ˣ
㵹ǿЩߵԽСˣߴٹүӵȴᶨˡ
ֻЩ˵Ļʵ̫͡үӵ˵Ա̫٣ʵ̫ȻҪһ䡭֮󣬾̫Ա̫̫࣬١
ԣỹеġ
үӿүӣһ˵ڲǿôҪ⼸Ϲ᲻ھͽϵĺöóˡԼõĻҾʲôãǸǱֳʱ򡣡
үӴһүӷԥ
ү۾һб˵˵һ飬ҿ˵ǰˣҺҾԲϵģСֻԪƷѾλʥ֣İٶԪߡǵȵͻԪʥԪ
浽ʱ򣬾ǳڣδܹˣʵΣ
үⷬȻ⣬ȴүȻݣ
ҶЦ߹ʱѿ˹үһ緢һ־һüɫ裬ڸһͷ˵ʲô
ĳ˲Բүӵĵ⣺ûǾǵĸҶЦ᳦۲ŴƷǺõû˵˰֮ò֮ˣ˵ٷΣʵǾеӴɷ˫ţС϶ܹͶЧ£ʵңĸ֣żչ⾰ѾǴɣһڷָտɴ
ʡ֣Ͼ̫ƭˣҶЦˬˣ˾͡
ǲòĳ˵ˣȻףȻǶԵġ
ҶЦԶԶȥүӶԻǸͷݣ壬Ȼͷ˿ȴɫ󣬴˼ʣĿҶЦһ·߹
ϣλǣҶЦʵ


73 ҩ
ӣΪһ¡ŹүǲΡΡ鶯үӲ̲סɶҲûУһȭܴһȴǵװô磬ôզȥϷأְڳһλҲǺõİ
λǷҳϼ峤䲻ڽȴҳǴҪ֪ҳнӽɵĹԱǳϼ塣
ү˵֮ǰֳνѾھӣ˼ת֮ʣǰμǰһ£ǷܽЩԭǸɣְֲֳ֮Ҳ֪ôǷףμҼҴҵδػὫոСڣֻǱԵͷ𽵹١
үùϵĿǣûĳһ٣ʲôѾѾھŶСӹȻѾԴȫͶˣ뵽ǣʲôһ£ֲֳ
ʲôʲôھͺ޲ðμȫòãĹƨǷףǰôûϲݵôϷأ
ǣô𽵹ôͲѾˣڸҩӼסˣӵģ
ʵϴ˼Ϊפ̫֮ǿңʧȥƽģҪ֪ԾĿǰĹģڷҳǵͷߴԣȷʵʲôǫĿ˵޲ףΪΪʶΪԼѺĵˣ
ҶЦĿһȻû뵽ϵ˹ǰپǿ˾ְְȫ©˼ָҳǵͷߴ島Ϲϵǰһԭˣʵ̫ϣϴݹٱɸˡ
үӹһЦЩ֮£ҳݡ
ҶЦЦʵ̫ǫڿǾĶ룬ʱûҿԣʱûǿ治תˣⱾΪǾӰӵ˹漴תͷߣ˵μԸԮ֣֧֣Ҷĳʤм
Ǻε˼͸ˣһ۾ͿλμȻǹүġ
˵ǿġ
ɫôÿѽ˼ҿԼССҵڡ
ҶЦԴȴǲΪġ
μ۸߹ڣҲǲںҳһ죬˵ض˲Ҳ˵ϲҲ˵ôμռ˲ְ˲ţµĲа˳ôһ򲽣Ƿҳǵ۽ߣæǲ޽ôĵط
Ƕˣαںһһգһ֮أ
ҶЦѱǮ֣Ȼеǰ취޽˲Ŷ۵ߣȻһһѡ
мڴˣò֮ٶȽעת˹үӣ˵ϣôۣӹǿɻԵǰҵһѪΣͷ͹ȥݲ裡
үӹЦѪΣ˵ĴֱʣȻӲʵúܣһ⣬ôҲǲܹģڴ˺ˣǾոտɽɣǴĹؼʱ̣ȻܹһЩͶһЩ׼øֵ㣬ܱȽĪҪõöడ
ҶЦͷ𾴵˵֮һ仰ϻΪȿҲ̫ˣɶ飬ֻҪԸһ죬ȥͺãΪҪʲô¶Ҫϲģô˹Ըɷô
ͷһϻοĿӡ
֮ǰҳǵġ˽桯֡桯緶˼ǵȻ޴ˡ
߿һһͬһ׽ĹػȲѡһĺĪֱצġ
֪
ɵãùϺһ˳ߣѩ̿ӡת˼ôغ񣬶ôжôΪӢš
ؼǣ˵ģɰҲٰ
ѪΣȻ̫ߵҩǿʵʵһⰡ
һ㣬˭Ҳܹó
ؼǡСһҶ
Ҷң
ʲô
뵽ͿҶЦԥһ£͵͵ؿԼһۣ뻳ӻȡһСɫƿ
ǳһ£ڽ֮˳ϣѪξֻǸݲõģҡҴӼʱ򣬴ļҩתشԪȻֻţֻһţԽйۻǻȥӹǻָʱ̡ڷõһ֮ȷ״ָ״̬֮󣬸ʱٷõڶţԡԪ
ͬʱסôĵҩλҶӾô׵óˣ
Ǽϲɱ˶ᵤ
߸Ǽʵӷ̲סǴоתشԪòҲֻӰԪɣôһԪΪûô
үӵݣҲǲô˵ģ˼̲סʵΪԲѶ˵ᣬĴѡ
Ŀǣֱùүϻο
үӴӵ۾һ꣬Ԫ˵ˣô˼ҿһѾܲˣ
Ҫ༥֮ʣȴҶЦЦЦ赭д˵һ㵤ƷľתشԪֻֻٰ꣬Ǻųһ꣬ҲʮѣţȴһƷͬ
΢Цһ£ԪǡƼЧȻѰԪ죡ԣȫӦǡƾתشԪ
Ƽ
էŴͬʱˡ
ϵʵΪ֪ۣûνľתشԪ
һ۽̫ߣͨľתشԪϣһҲͨľתشԪҲѾ޷ΪţԼϲĥʹľȱ״
תشԪǰϵֵǰ׺ǿɾȫͬˣ
ǰȻҲϡһ󣬵ֻҪģҵģϾһЩ߽׵ʦܹƳġ
Ǻߡ
ƼľתشԪ
ٺ٣˵ŵƾתشԪں쳾޽еţ
˶棡
Ӧ˵ǡԴ̫֮ʱ񵤵ʦƽٱԽ֮󣬵һٳ徣
شԪѾƷ鵤ټϾת֮ӳ׵ķ룬ٲѰĵʦܹƳġ
ټϵƼĻǾƷ鵤
˵еλƷ
Ƽô᣿Ϊֱӵ˵ĹүӴ˼ҲĿࡢֱӵ
ҪԱߵүӡ
˵ĿӼҪ˳ҶЦеССƿ
ҶЦͷ̬ȵ⣬ЦЦﲢˣԽƿǴ򿪡
ƿǿʼһɻλһ߲ϼȻƿ뵶𣬲ɲ֮䣬ƿϷһƬƣϼ档
߲ϼ˷ĿȻֻôһСţȴĲϼᵽǰϼǧۼǧ
ͬʱһɷҷζ֮͸Ƕ룻ʹԴϵ಻Լͬһڣֻо֫ٺһƬƺ壬֮࣡
ԼͷԣһҲޱȵѡ
һϢЧˣ˹Чȴ̾Ϊֹ飬ܹ
ˣﻹỳⵤҩʵԣ
ܹԼͬʱоĵҩһ֮Уδ
ôǰλƷ鵤Ǵ˵еĵƼ鵤ȴʲô
үһ˫ֵʱ˶⡭
ҶЦƿ¸ϣȻ֣ƿģὫֺ𣬳ֿ˵ʱΪҶЦ˵ǾϹᣬĴƤ棬ôˡҶĳ˾Умֹ֮࣬ʹˣһֻһ
˶٣ԹһΣȴ˵ʲô˼
ҶЦŵ⼸ŵҩҲǡҶĳڹʱͣһССĻر
ҶЦһЦ˳˵һϣһҶЦΩԸ念ܹʱҶЦȰοҶЦҲһЩ·Ҳϣһ죬ǾܹɾһµĻλܹۼ֤ʱϻعһ·࣬ٱһ
үۿһ󷢺죬Щǻ⡭ŵ죬޸֮ȣ죬ʵ޷ﵽ̸࣬Ϳ๦˾ְո˺бǿʮľⵤҩİֲǡ֡
ҶЦ֣Ȼ˵ﻰѩ֮̿ķֱҶĳ˻Ƿֵġϣ⼸ŵҩӦõģǧҪѡ
˵ţƿЦһ˵ǻ£ٷ飬ҿҪǸı⣬
ѾԵЩʣлͣ
֮Ľƿ뻳С
ˣҶЦڷģֵʵǰ죬̽оǲãǡ֮رһЩϣһҪÿӣ߿׷
үͷ촽ˡ
һߵ߿һĻʵӶ


74 ǿȡ
ϻ쵰ؾôأʥտΪƾҶЦСһԪƷСһܹԵóʲô
û뵽һαװȻϻƭһƿ񵤣
⻹ûеˣ
ǿѾԳõĲ񵤰ôûϷķݶ
߰дض㲻ѡ
ȻؼĻǵ񵤣ǡѵõΣԼŨŨ鰡
үӲŴҪ˵ͳͶ֮⣬ùרǰҲҪΣүӹ˵ɲལţջǵĵ̡ԸȥսԡԳһ񲻸ʿ
ҶЦЦˣûǸҪǾĸ߲㣬ÿ˶ҪжһʸС涼ҪԳ棬δĸ֣ʵڲ
нܹãҶЦЦţȥˣнйǡǸҪµÿһˣطӣӳǵǱ
һϡ
ңλߣֻҪṩÿ˷Ӳ̨ܵ㹻ˡҶЦ±عףҲΪҲ̫ۣҲ̫ۣαأ
˵仰ҶЦòĸ𣺡μҽϯף֮ʤϾ٣ǹϺһپƣҶĳڴ˽߳Ͼ
ɫ죬Ŀ⣬ȻͲ£ҳ˺ˣƨˣ
ҶЦһЦ֣תȻȥ
û˵κһ仰κһ֣̬ȴԶ׼
ҹȻӭǼ룬ȴǱҪǼ벻ɡ
ԸʾӭǲԸᣬôҲν
Ȼҵǰзȱ˭ֹǰ
ҶЦӰԶȥ˶˵Ĳ߹ȻҶЦߣһ߽ͬһôãʹʧ
\ɷ֮ˣһһվſڣ
ʱһƬš
߰βүһĽһο
ҶЦղһЦ֮͸޵޾飬ү𺳣ùүӽ
ˡүӵ͵͵̾Ϣһһʧûڡ
ҶЦܹ˹Ĺүӵ״˵ʲô
˵֪ж壡
ıԣ֣е壬׳־ġ
ݺµ°Ǿˣ
ϽƿҩóҿһݺݣȴԵԹү˵
ƾʲô˰ôүһתͷϸߣҵģ
㣡үΪ֮ᣡ
ߣүӺ˺ߣӻв鲻Ըóƿƿóһŵҩ˹ȥģСˣ
үӼæסŭ㲻㣬ⲻ֪ʲôô
ֱӵ֣ղźһ϶㶮£ҳԶʳСܵġ
үӷƤ˰㣬ҶװʲôͿȻóôΪ˳ˮ飬һš
ҪȻóߵǸãΪɶǵǰң鵤ΪһףΪɶƫƫҪֵͷΪɵɵ
һ죬ߣϷһʾΣϷ顣
㰮鲻飡үӺٺһЦ飿ãΨһɼһòһţĳ˹ȻɵģԺǧ˵ʶңĳ˵ۣ
үòֽϻһ١
á
Ϲ˵СôǴΪΣ
ǻ˵ԽԽȥˣ
У˲˰ɣҷ
апյʱһ
ھпգɡ
׳գ˵пյʱ򡣡
㣡
ߣ

ŵҩϵѩ̿
߸̾
үӳĬһ£ǡ
ǵһţһ˻߸ԪˣԪ˵Ͳʲô
ǡ
Ϊĥ¶˥ϣȴ޷ָκߣκι壬κΪҲǲɿġ
ǵģ
ϻӲת޿ɱ⡣
ǵġ
ô꽭ǿӲɣʵѾǧٿףǻֻҪһαʣͿȫ
ǡ
ҩͿȫǰк֮ǣӴ֮ʲôʱ˾ɴһȶӵǲڣһٻָ۷ʱڣ״̬
ǡ
ֹڴˣŵҩĵطڡȻܹ޸֮ˡģ˼飬Ҳ޿ȡġ
˵үҲ̾˿ֻһֵôˣ˵ôʵǴģʼ֮ˣɵľ֮ˡ
Ϊͨ죬ܻɼңܻܲÿһ˶ʺʹʺҲδܹ;ߵóԶ
Щʺʲߵģʮ꣬һ꣬ͻ顭
Щ츳ˣʺģ֮ʱҲǵϦѵþ⡭
ôÿ֮УҪһαʡ
ģѾ˵͸ˣľˡ
ǵΪȻ֧ǻþúþãһ죬֮˭ͻȻˡȴδǾ˷߱˰㡭֪ġʲôԭ򡣡
죬һįǵģΪԼùˣٻȥھ֮󣬱Ҳ飬һ𣬲쳾
үӵǣ
Ȼŵҩȴܹۻ֮ˣᵽ͵ĳ̶ȣ
Чͬ˷еİʹӴ˻һ㣬װ󣡡
Ŵ˵ڣϵĵƷ޼֮
ȫĬ¡
Ϲأⵤҩ޼֮һţ㹻ˣ׷νҩЧһ˷ѣү̧ͷŹүӡ
үӳĬһ£֪һȵȿ
ȵȿ
үһ£ͻȻһƬ㵡
϶Ӧʼղֲɽ󣬶һöҩҲġү̧ͷ׷ȻǡǸʱ롭Ӧ˳ְæ£ȫȫ¡
үӴ˰죬ͻȻһ̾
һǸϽϵǵɣһŵҩծǷĴˣծѻܻǶٰɡүתȥ
߳˶٣ƺҪͷ˵ʲôȴջû˵ôˡ
֪ΪΣıӰֳһ˿ɪ
үӿүӽнԶӰ죬ҲƺҪ˵ʲôȴͬû˵ڣǻﾡһ̾
˵Ǹǵֵܣߴ֮һļͬһʱˣֻ˵̬һֱúܣԷֲҶҺ£κα̬

үסүڵѾȫվҶЦһȥˡ
ʲô飬ѾʼܵشӾǶȥǡǵãǾ󻯣ҶЦıʧ
λֵǴӦصԼĻôүӻҶЦ壬ǿŵҩ
ǲӦĻҩǻȴԹүӵ˽ݸ衣
ָǸ裬һа壬ȴ֮

վھſڣңһҹ֮漣һͻȻֵĲүȻá
ƺǸ꣬һݵȴѾǾ£
ҳǣӴҪķҡ
޽ҳǶң
졭
үҡҡͷתƮȻȥ̵һ·ϣоֻϵػһ仰֡
ҶѪҲ죡
ֻҪ߳ҳǣôпܣòսѪƬȫȾİ
үĬĬضԼ˵
˼ʵķҳǣɣΪҳݶɱݡ
ֻǣûע⣬ҳ棬һ֯׳ɳ

һҹ֮䣬ལ֣һɱøɸɾšԵģལӵеĵ̣Ҳȫ̽գ
Ȼལűʵޣӵеĵ̲̫Ҳ߰˸ԺѣΨһôҲ߰˸Ժ˴Ҫ֮ĽһƬס
ȻõĵطҲУ˵󱾲Զ
Ծйģۣǽ֮ΪڶֲδݳޣʵûбҪֲ֮մĵеַĵؼͷҳǵǰۣҪҷβܣԱ಻ǿ͸ҹֻ֮ǿռ֮
Ѹٵõ˽
֪ǲĳ˽˵ʵ̫ĳĳ⻷ļӳ֣ǼھལмɣۿİԵǿƣէֵʵâ֮󿴣оԼǾϳǾ½ֲ
ôһȲ˵򲻴ùٵٸܵеľɣ
ķΧУʲôʱ¾ʱûκηҲǸомĵսľলľԱ֮֮
ǰ棬󱾲ƴ󣻺棬ֲơ
âڱԲͣʳѰ
ԣҶЦһòԴӵе̵ʱȡ֮˳
չǵĵ̣ðð
ȫҪˣðð
һңðð
Ͱߣðð

ǰȥ̸УѾһԲϣҪս׼нĿࡣ
û뵽龹Ȼôһ࣬࡭
ڷҳǵضô˵ˣ
н롣
ǸнķݿɶԼɷĳٶۺЩɸ֣զܱȵزЩӶ׵飬Լȴףھһ룬ڷɽͳ£ܹҶףʵ̫ˣ
нһͷˮɶ⻰ȥˣôָڷɽϹϵˣⶼĸİ
ɶ㻹ɶˣݿɶһַܸУҾ㣬̸ҪϴԳ𣿶ϴ̸ָòãսòãԲԣ
˵Ķԣ⡭˵Щɶϵн㯡
Ǳòɾҩˣݿɶŭһ̸УʵǸ߶ԷǴŵģײһս̸Уɶ˼ɣ
˾ǡҪǸ˵ӣҾ㣡Ⱦƣƣ𣿡
ǿ֮£˼׵״ôĲп᣿̸У͵ֱӽ˼ҲϣȻٿʼ̸С̸̸ɣֻҪߣҲɱ㣬㣬Ǯһӵõľϲòã
˼ҶʶҪɱɾˣ£ȻܻһҲõһǮֱֱ࣬Ӿϵڱĺ£ϽǮˣʲôë߰
ݿɶŰۣĲм
ǡܸо͸һңòЩ̫˰ɡô˵ҲôһƬطءнͷ
٣ҶѾ˵ˣզʳôأˣҸ˵˰ɣǿײǮԲŸһң£ǳ˵һңóһͭ塭Ҳģѻжµ𣡱ݿɶߺתȥͷ
н棺ô˵أڲǰҲ֪桭


75 
ǱѾߵӰнֵƬ̣ź޺޵ǣؼҲ㣡ġôˣǳԴҩˣǺ˵˵ƵģҲߣҲϧĴҪڼҡ
һתһ£ư磬˵ԸŰֵǧҪס첻ϷߣڶֵڳҾͲѿϻؼңҪúýѵһ
˷۵ķۣĿ죬صĿأǳ鴤ģû˿н
ǵ
Ҳ̫û˰ɣ
ڵʱƨҷţֱûӰ˲װĸһ֮Ƶģǿֱȴβǻβǡ
ǡ˭Ű
ޣ
治֪˭̲ס˿ĭйͷı֮顭
˭н˼ʱޱ飬˿һ˽ӵ̬ȽҴڱ棬ʱȻŭŭȵ˭µĭվ
Ϊ֮Ȼ
ǰƵģڰǰƵġ
ڣĭļһﱻ˳ȴϳ桭
ĳ洹ͷɥһʵúܡ
˾ղʵ̲סеı˿ĭΪΣ£û뵽ȴǱץš
˵Ϊɶĭ
ҡɤ
ƨ˵ʵ
ҡ¿˸ղǰӢ䣬ʵǴ˵еӴɷмڴˣֻѪӿɲǼǧӿͷֻǲѧǳûɶĻֻܽĻȫһĭʾ¶ľ֮飬˶ѡ
ԣ̾ϳƽﲻɽ©ˮϹ˵ã˵˳˳ˮֻۣҪⷬȷǱĲạ̃˵ã
ҿΪɵôΪ㷴˵˶ĭʾ֮⣿нȻŭȻˣҲʹһ㣻»ȥԼȥñʹʮӣ
¾ĭ׷ʲôأ
ߡҪʽƱϷ壬ĭ֮˵ĴнץסһģôܷŹʮӣһӶ٣
仰øոյһɰˣɲǼŵȶӶˡ
ĹҲ̫ϸ˰ɣֱǿ̣
Լ˰ֻһĭȻҪʮӣ
ǻǡ

밡
㲻ڵɥش϶ⲻ˵ģҪ
λλʵ
Ӿǣнϳͷðֱ֮תۣ˭ɶ£
λʱоһɾɷͱˣĵ˲ƣȻĴɱѵҪɱڣǿ̡
СıǼԺˡҪ̸һ̸۵ˣڷôһǲˣϽȽĿ˵װɡ
ҪҧĽ֣ҪռʲôģԷ˽ڣὫһϣǿɾɶҲûˣܸԷԿʵҵ̬һҪͣһԱΪȡ
ţнԲ۾
ŶԷѾһĳĳƲѣ⻹ûȥأԼˣػȲˣ
֪ǮǵĲҵλڵʵȴǲòʣʵǲ֪нλȥҲԼһۿöԷΪˣǿҪġ
ţнüͷ룺٣ϱղſ˵һһʵ̫ˡ
ĳĳɫᶼˡ
˵仰ôŰŵǼ˼˵Ҳˣ⻹ô
Ҫ٣нб۾˿ûбֳ⣬ȻҪԷۡ
Ա߼սõ״ЦֲЦϳǰ֮ڶž˽֪֮࣬±ָժҲǾ˽֪ģڻͷϣûùͷ
⡭λһɵۡ
ҿ۰ѶȨˣֻҪļǮҿ̫࣬ҾһڴӦˣôأ
һǧ𣿡н۾
һǧλһӵɴ۾
ʲôʲôǮǲֱ࣬ǲ̫ˣ
ĳĳǳ˵һ䣺Ǳ߿ԺӣӼĸСԺӡȻм仹һ㳡Ϊ˸㵽Щﰵﲻ֪˶ٲۣ˶ˣ˶Ū֡һ൱ӴĲƸ
˵һǧǸʮҲİ
ǣĳĳۿнһĲͷԼԱô˻ԼǷһ֡Ρ
λˣԶԲζʲô
òơֻԼҪʱ򣬲Ż񡭡Ҳ˵ԼֻҪ˵֣ԼСܾҪΪЩ֮ĳһ˵ġ͡ˡ
ҿɲΪ˵ĹͣǲΪ𡭡
λа
һǧҡô㲻⣿н죬һΪܺƵЦݣϱ˵ĻǷƨ˼ҲԸԸĿԶ׼һһļǮɣҪǻУˣҪػǮ̸ǮıҪ̡
Ŀ֮ʣȴλһ£һǧððԸ⣡ǳԸ⣡ĳֹȻ󷽣
нס
áһǧҲԸ⣿ôǮɴˣ
⻰ô˵ôͱأ
λڵѪ㵱ɵôҲⰡƱǿ˼ҸղһЦķ飬̫ˣǷǼҪɱ˵Ľۡ
ֻҪڣ˵һǧҵҸһǧҲа
ûˣһʲôã
һǧ
һǧ
ȷ
ǳȷ
ǡܰô
죿
ţ
ܣ
ãȻˬ죬ô˵ˣ

һǧңúˣƽǹ
ллл
ٶʱʱߣ˼ɣ
˼
λˡ
нͷ˿գͷһ㯡
ѵΪǿƷҺƵЦݣ
ˣЩûõû˼׽ʱʰµֵļԺӣǽڱмȫͨһͿ԰Ѳལԭĵ̣ͳͳܲЧΣ

˵ڶ죬ΧѾַʽȥһ
ƣڽε֮С
ΪžĽܱͣСҲԽǿǴ˺ƽͬչĿںšǣСС˭ıӵȻ֮ǰ˯
ÿ춼ĵϽˣ뻹ȡһת÷á
һ֪ˡֵܻ᷽ϲֱɵˡ
ʵལŵҾ鷳ûйܣлôһֵĿΪ΢Ҫѵѵ֪ҪʶҪȥΨֵܻܹúȥ
ҪȻǴ粽Уʱ
ֵܻϲԤУ;ˣܱͷֻҪһ£ȻԽ֮չΪ֧ɽţԺܸõĹһ⾰仯˹ģֻһһҹʱ䣬ȻƾԪߣλʥ
սѾ׵޽ģй֮޲
ϹһۣڶĲལţһȫû񣬾˳ɨȡལŵĵֱ̣׳ԹţķǴ˱ˣ֮С
ʱལ㲻ǰɣǴʱȥҲܹܣ
磬һҪġ
ڼмЩסͨм۽ףмۻҪôһüǮһֻġӹܲš
λھ󡢲ལפ֮ĸɣԾĵ̡ĿãǱ˴˼ûκγͻ̸ֵܻʲôʸԤ
ǽǵĵΰڲһ̣㻹ǹܲţ
Ϊ
ЩȫǾˣԼĵ̣ôô
ҵԼңҾʮéҲҵɣ
ܲžˣ
ͻȻðľֵܻͷʹ֮
ԭֻΪĳүϲĵһ΢ԭһ㲻ۡһƾıССŲչ⾰ҡһ䣬Ȼһۺ൱ɹ۵ҵֵܻŵػڣŹȥʮһ֮
ֵܻҪǽɢޣؿڳݣΪ޽ӴεǶԣ޿ܶڸոľʧԣ˼ͣ޷ѹֶΣҪ֣𻧵İƬ֮ڵס
ֻϧֵܻİȫûÿԡ
ʵ̫ˣ
˭ҲˣԭﾭӪ˼ʮɣһֱӾͽ֮ˣң˵ǰһĶصټ̣һֻһǧҵչѣ
ǿǿ
ǰʲô֯
Ҳôֱĺڵ
ô˸ȫȴƨҲûҷţ
ǰˣȫĵȥɣ
ƨɶ顣
ֵܻţƣ޽ؽڶǡǸھǾ󰡣챣ֱսڲô
ʼԼİ
ǺĽһչǷˡ


76 Цǧ֮ҵ
ȻѸ׳󣬳˵֮⣬һҪԭء
ҶЦãʮ֮УϵԱפʱһܹפʮԱٵһ죬Ҳҽ
Щ֮Уͬ˴ǵѣһٶΪ½¡
֪֮УĳԱ֣Ѿչ߰ˣңǵսԪ׵ս
нļʮĸþһ¥
Ƴĵ죬үӽܵҲˣϵĶࡣǧţ
ҶЦһЩͷֱӾɵˡ
صһôࣿ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҿÿ˶ܸӣȫȻûĳ֮мԪߣЩ˵ʵȫԽ֮ս˲ŵʹá
ô˫ؼӳ֮£󣬾ڶ̶֮䡭ӦĬĬŵ΢֯ڷҳǲСϺһڵССɣͻȻһԾΪһȻ
ʵǳǿ᣺սԱһɫĶԪΪ
һǧ˵Ԫݣһһ֮ԪֵĻˣ
ˣЩˣԷӳһҶЦҲǡֲ
үصƼľŸˣ齨һžŷֻš
ʵţҶЦû˵ʾЧ֮󡭡ҶЦķ֣νžŷֻŵķֻǾ
ÿһʺʲôʺʲôõʲôλãܹԼЧܡһ㣬õˮ©쾡£
޽ɢޣ߳Ⱥӣֵܵ߹¼ҹˣֻҪǹ˾ԭеĽƣͻᱻȫֻҡ
ɾžŷֻ¹滮УҶЦԭ¹Ա淴֮ģԭеѶȹĥڣĬãóȻɢԭмܹҪĥϣĬ֮⣬Ҫ˼˵̬裬ν࣬ʵ֤ҶЦ뷨죬Ϊ°֮˶ڵְλеǳ⡣
ÿһ˶ֻһָоʺλã
вһݲ죺ôǰȻԼûз֣ҾȻôãӦô˵·ֻ֮ǰЩԭϵսһڷֻ¶λ֮󣬼
һ쳣޴Լ
ˣΪǾȻѾҲȷ˿ںȶĿ꣬޽졭ôڳƺϣȴҪһˡ
˼ʿ˵ģһλүӡ
һɲΡΡ̬ӷƺ˵仰۵һ㡣
ͷվϣ˵ǹүӵĶѣǷҳǾϼμ
ҶЦʾϲ֣Ͼᣡ
Ϲᣬôͷ֡
ֻҶЦۿλүһ̬вģܲЩģҲߴŻûüɵʲôأλүӾѾһľϹˡ
ҶЦӴϵ״̬룬൱пܻᷢ飡
ҶЦطλү£үӣνƺı仯Ҫα仯Ҫβأ
ȣүӶҶЦС⣬źƷ˵Ƥһ¶һĨοЦݣ˳һָͷΪ׵ĸ֣ƲӦ˵̫ˣ
ǡҪα仯أҶЦʵ
Ϊֱӳ֮ΪãֱӣֱָģүӴ˵

ҶЦĿһ£ȴЩȻ

ҾǾ˰
ţȨһƺҪ
үעҶЦ¾֮ҵĸ߸ԣԣˣǸֻǾ
ֹ޽ľ쳾ľ
˵쳾ľ⼸ֵʱ򣬾үһĪֻоһѪЩѹƲסԼƱ
ȴһֳãҪսµĿȻ飡
ֿȻ飬ֻǱسȴᵱֻʵʱȻɣ
֮ɣҶЦţͷ
֮ΪҪšүӴ˼Ϊɴʹӹӵ棬ѡһ֣Ϊ˵ķţԹӵλв׵ζ
ҶЦӶȻһ£һĸоģ˵
ЦȡӱġЦ֣ǡ֣赺ϣ
үһг˵Ц
Ц
ҶЦֻоѪǰ̲סһ
Ц
Υˣ
ߣ£ǬЦߣЦԺ쳾ЦЦӵ£һ뵱ЦЦ˼飻Ц̬ЦƣЦʧܣЦӭɹЦЦǧΨҶ𣡡
үĿƣϣЦЦӢۣ
ҶЦһȻˣ˾ɣ
үȻһ⡣
СһҰĹȻǲСϷĽȫȻΪ죬ȫ̽ܣǶϷϿ֮⣬ˣ뱾Ƶ뷨㣡
ôڳƺ˵ôˣүӾԾɺܡ
ҶЦԴʵʵ±ƺܲΣǻ֣ƺô˷ʲôôô
ȴ֪үӴ˿Ѫȣ鼤ĳ̶ȡ
Ƭ쳾죬ܹߵһģһмˣ
ǵҶҲֻ޽ӽζѣ
۴ػ־ߣƽӹʿҲֻѡһλ׷渨ѾһĲһĲ
Ӯˣ
ˣʲôû
ȻЩȴҶΪҶıߣ־Զʶ£
Щʣ׷ǰ׷ȾϼҹؼμҵȣǵҶ쳾ߴе
Ҷ£߶
ˡ
ҶЦ˼չ¶ʶ£Խ쳾֮ģ˼ҾүƾʲôͶЧ㣿
ԾүӶԣ񿴵˵ĺչֳ˵׳־ǰ;󡭡
дϣοȻǳܸܸе
ƺһôأҶЦʵ
ǣڵܹ֯ү˵ֻǷÿڣԶԶ㡣
ҶЦʵţҲ⣿
Ȼ⣬ǹϵӰ죬еϵֹ΢
ү泩˵Ҳ˳࣬ͱ˵ͬ½ķƸ¥Ƹ¥ٳδ֮꣬¡ʵ֮ᣬֵܻƽֱ׷Ⱦ޽ǿĹ˵Ƹ¥֮׹ӣԺжʶĸһ׸ҥ
ҥʲôҥôô
ƶ֮֮㣻ַȫǬ䡣
Ůǰ׹̣ǰ׹ˣ⣬׹£һ˫ɱˣˣȴ÷Ƹ¥֮ʱµҪ֣
׹ӣһʱͻ뵽ƶ֮֮㣻һ˫ɱˣνպգݺ޽졣
үӴй󣻹ҲһˣĴգ˴֮˵ͬ¡
еһˣָǹ֣ܲ˳ܲһ⣬ȻƣĴա˴ǳһ֣һ˴˺Ӧ
ֵܻɢɣ˵ͷԽ٣ǣֵܻΪ׵ʮֵܣʮλȻдΣȴͬбۿ£Ŀӡ
үӵǾ󣬾ֻøÿڵĳνȻǲģƷ棬Ǳ䵽·硣
κεϣ˵֮⣬ҪӢż֣
ֻҪЩθ߼úãô֯Ӱ죬ȻȻ𣬴Ӵ˺ЩⶨЩţ쳹µͬʱҲὫ֯ġ
ľѾǳݴ΢̨ӣķߣÿ˶ʸġү˵ʱ򣬾Ҫɱе˳ӴµķĸȻ͸ߴ
ӵеķԽ࣬ȻȻ˸ҲȻܾͶ
ǧҵĻʯڡү΢΢ЦЦ
ҶЦĿⶸȻһһ̾˵ү˵ȻǼе֮ͬУȷʵҪһ㣬ڱСںبǰȴڡ˿ð
үü˿ãػóۣ
ҶЦЦһүһ㣬ǰ׹µƶ֮֮㣬һ˫ɱˣֻһĽհֵܻʮֵܡЩˣһ˶ӵʲôΪ
Щ˵еһӵʥƷϵΪ
ҶЦĿЦأΪߵģʥһƷģΪߵĲ꣬ϸ˵ǵԼˡǽ֮ǿƳȥôΪǴǡء
һս·ԷҪսģȻǡ
ĻС£ֹУһһսܣֻ¾֮أҶЦЦЦǡ̫٣
پ͵ǰԣʱŲӢ۵ļ顣
ҶЦƽעžүӣһΰɣϾڵĵ̻̫ˣ͵ⷽ棬ʼ޷׹ЩȽϵġ
˼Ұ׹ʵ㣬ǿһۣĵ̣ҶЦ֣⻷ǲҲäĿȽϵģ
ү죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴû˵
Сӣֻڹء
ֻǴ֣ʥƷϳߣвһٸֻҶЦ֪


77 ϺͿ
ʵ̣žǶһ۽Ҳһս֮ôı
̫äĿһɣ
ֻ˵һٶλʥƷֻ֣һˡҲǲ֪ġ
ʥƷϵĳʲôˮ׼ȻֻȲ߳ƷΣɱܡսĲ죬Ĳ칲أ٣ȻǳҶЦ֪ģȻѾ֪ȻҲͲ룡
ҶЦȻ֪Լڲ֪֮УȻһ漣һǰδеļ¼
ӵ֣ȴԼȻ֪
еĳȫְֻΪһȺսá
֯Դ洴طҲûзģ
Ҷˣ
ţ¼ֻ²ֹǰδУƺͬѸƣļ¼ʵ̫ˣ
ǳȥҶЦȻΪٵһö
ͷǾӰ桭үҲֻô˵ȻڿǣôµЩƳȥ
ǰʱǲǺأ
ҶЦĿעΣҧҧ˼ǰ󣬾ԳȻĿʱܶһ棬ôҲУôھһ˫ۣǣȻսõʮФΪʮ
һȴֵүĿࣺһ˫˭ļλνʮ᲻ͷ̫ˣѸ
ҶЦһ䡣˫ۣɷǣʱδպһȱʮǸͷôͷС˸ʱܻѲṥһṥ򡭡
Ǿ仰ĿҲá
ҶЦ̾˿£ʱӰɡ
һǡ䣿˫ǡɷ֮⡭ү촽ڶ¡
ү״θе̬ķչԤ裬ԼЩ룬ȻɶΪ˾룬µĲ֣ȴҲΪ˸֮ЩſṩһƵĳ·򡭡
ôͻȻʧءԼ߻ûüƼλǱôԼ˵ӣⲻ԰
ף˵òƶֻԪн߰ɣʵЩѸھӰֻиɡү˵
ڣҲֻˣʦʹףүʼӣٳǻ۷ӻ൱пռġ
үӸղŲ˵ͷǲʲôôȻѡҾŵùѡ׷ҵˣ˭ҶЦžүӣǲĵΪͣʲôֻҪŬͺáףĲУеǵҩֻҪսƵĥµöˣľȻ֮ͻƣͬӦʱ켸ֳȴʲô£ô˵İɣ
үһʱãȻ૵׵Ĵ㣬ǴȫԼĵϵ
⣬ү仰˵ˡҶЦΪͣ棬ʵǲģҪȫԼĵϵĹ۲ӣԼʵʩ
үת˲ʱԼܵţʵһ©λҪؽ󣬾λˣҪк˰ٴ˴ĶʿһϸҪеʡ
ȴζͻἴʱй鸽ĳһԣΨʼߵĸֵֵ֮ˣ
Ƚ֮£ɷܹΪҶЦڶľҲͲΪˣ˵δͶϵĲ꣬н򸾶ۣδ֮УͿɼһˣ˵үԤЩ֣Ī˵ʵδԣ¶ˣҶЦҲãѡ
һȫЧԼĸһĪͻأͶЧˣʵһۿɼѡͬһɼ
үһһʱֻоԼûԣЩʧˡ
ҡŲľ籾ɲôдѽ

ͷϻ쵰үүŭ߳ĶԴľүӡ
ԽԽͿˣ̣˵ôܸɳأƶûôƣľģȻܺģôĻƸʲô
үӺүƿڴð׺Ӷڶ£ֱǷ˼ֱɥĲ񣬼ֱɥ
үӿ˵ƵúúõġСޱ޽Ҹȥǿͽ
ҪʽƱ磬Сεޱ޽ɶʱֵǵˣ˽𣿶ǵļ֪𣿶ǵʵ֪٣һΪĶȻȥײߣôңôҡ


78 ˵֮
泤̾һϾᣬҲǹˡ˵ʵϷôˣܹȵزˣҪڼǡ̸֮ˣίʵǵһμϾᣬϷлл㣬Ϸ۽ѽӦǾʱֵʣüĻü
үĻþϾүӲûԾ첱Ӵ֣㡭
Ǵ˼ûչ¶ʵֻǱֳһЩ˵ǻ۾Ǳֳص̬ȣԶԶûеεĵزүҡҡͷʵʲôأʲôΣϾᣬ̶Դ룬ײ
үӵɴ۾һϲ
Ҫǻ벻׵ĻصҪŴһʼ͸ߣ⼸ԪСһЩʵʵ֪ϼһײү۾ʵ
үʹľ֣̭евҳ˻ҲҪΪһɵıóǰ;һ֮
ƨһ֮Ǵ˽үŭ棺ҪΪļӵȿ·ϲģǼ˭֪˭ףΪüƣ͵ʴףԼԼãǼҵӵĽ֮·Ҳһ룡Ҳһ֪˵
үӴͷɥϼһĭ֮ǰֻðɥ
ڿɵã׼ƣƱؼᶨСüԴԼϵ˼үһ̾˼һܴˣ
үһ̾˼δˣܴ𣿡
ĬĬԣ
үͻȻǰһǴ˼ǿнͿ֪µЩԶԶģס棬ǱԳơ
ôĸӱ죡ôéǶױ¶ôүӺүͬʱŭ
үӲ˵ˡ
Ѿüүүӿʼܹĵı㡣
ҪüΪĵȳһ֣ͶЧ£ҲǿģڼȻһλʵǾͼ֮ҲֻǾݴ֮дʱ䣬飬δزȦ
˵ұͬǶǲͬġ

ȻҶôκΰô϶Ǵĥ֮ġڱ¶ʵʵǽǵֱ۷塭ǻĥʲô
ڲôô
ڡ

ͷӵǣܹĵԲߣÿϵƺȻ˼Ȼڵڶ죬Լıһжûˡ
Ϊ
¹涨Ѿʻȳ¯
󣬾޽ס죬ҶЦǾ
Ц
ЦӢۣ
Ц֮£λ
Ŀǰȱӭλ
֮£һ˫ʮ
һػ֮У䡣
˫ۣ\ɷ֮
ǣӾԱѡΣԱ
ʮսʮФ
ҪѾе˵ȣڽȥһʱڣʵﵽʥΣ
ߣԶ̭߾֮
עԼѾȷ
ʱ˵ȫԵУڲеʱÿ´䣬ʤԼʵȡЩţ

涨һĪ
𽣲꣬н򸾣˵Ŀ⣬עע⼸ֵ档
\ɷ֮ȴǼʱɫĵ׷顣
˵ΪȻھڵһǧԪ֮Уȴ㲻Ϊߵһࡣ
ֹ۵ĹҲֻΣѾֹ۵Ĺ
ڣҶЦȻֱӽԼ˷׵սҪλã
Ҫư
ȫܵһǧ˿ż˵Ŀ⣬С㽡ڴʮĲ⡣
ɵ䣬Ҿһ
ɵڰ֮һҾ˫֮һ
ɵ
һ۾ε͹ʣ˲ëȻսս
ġ
ĵĺʹࡣ
ӰԼ˵ĸԼˣԼˣߵְλ⣬ԼˣҲοߵĵλҪӦʵصסصȣ
ƾԼ˵ʵô໢Ķ֣Լȵסλ
̬͡
ΪһαλһºĽУ


79 ﹫ӵ
ͻһ̤ʾһºڴӭλսսܣĸԸλͣ
󣬲ӹţ似ˣȻͷͣվסˣôλһºһ˵ⷬǣٹһ£Ⱥսߣ
˵꣬תﳤȥ˿ͣ͡
˼ΪǵѾɹۣΪΪľԪõ˾޴ͻƣѾԪƷΪڴ˼ʵľ֮УҲһһĸ֡
˿ֻ̣һͷңһ֮ңô֮ԼҲһҪվλã
Σ˭Ҳߣ
٣ܴӻߣ
\ɷ֮˴Կһۣһʱ侹Ѫڣ˵ΪҶЦĵҩ֮£ԪƷֻΪоֻζѣƫζվϣ֮˵мְյĻһְֵİնǷ
˴˼ȴֻһͷ
ΣܶԲסӵΣ
ӸҵλãһҪռס
һº󣬻ӭս
һЦ\ɷ֮תȥ
һº󣬸ɵǣ
棬һǧٶ۸ߺ

ڶ죬սطƷһԴ
ȫһҪƴĿ
ǰ;һδεı֣֮
ÿ˶îһƴܵԼ
Ȼ֪ǲүЩһѪһ磬Ͱǰ¡
էȻһХնӰӸ߿л¡
˷񣬸ٷ硣
мΪ֮ˣȻ﹫ӣ
ߵ֮꣬ɫעžȫ
νľ𣿡һ΢΢һЦͻȻȵ꣡ҹ
һͻĶϺȣͬƽؾףͻأĪ
еէŴһ¡
Ȼû뵽ڴ˼ʣֵȵһ΢ʱ̣ڱ˷ĴӪ֮УȻ˸ָҲ鷳
꣬ɢ޷ư쳾ʮ
Ȼ㲻ϳǿߣҲûܹ˫֮УȴԾǳһĳߡ
֮⣬˵أǲͶĴӪڵأ˾Ȼôҡڡĵ
﹫ӣ
ʲôֱӸôǰ˵޼ɵ̬
һЦɣģǲİԶӧҪΪҴһô˵ԱɣԼҵﱦúܣȴǲ㴵ģ
˵վҪȥս
ΪҶЦıڴڣȻǸҶЦߣҶЦ˼ΪһߵҩէȻŵǰʣȴǼʱɫһ䣬
꼴ȥĽŲסתͷȥôˣ
ҶЦֻ²Һһȥ˵
йùϵҵ鷳ȴ޹أô£
ϲǿƲ֪ô飬ʵĵȴΪҶЦ룬һ֣Ҳûϵӷǵ죬¸ۼ˶ʥߣһһĻȫη塣
˫һϣԷһӵϣˣҲڱԷβ׷Ҫۣʲ󣬲ֽܷɢԷݣһƣ͵Ϯ֣Ȼ֣ȴԾûܽĿ곹׻ɱ˱ҳǹٷ׷壬﹫֮ʵ֮ǿᣬɼһߡ
ʱദίʵԽҶЦԽ˳ۣ֮ǵվܾ֮˵̫ʵӣֻίҶЦˣ
Ϊڴˣ뽫鷳ת޵ҶЦߣԲд˵
Բιػ⣬ϣҪΪǣҶЦϾԵǰ̬ƹ֮﹫Ӿʲô֮ԾȲ̨ӣóȻĽɫΪǡ
ҶЦʲôǾ﷢¶йأЦйء֮УһסһԼˣƺҲûмȥ˰ɣ
ݣЦıھԼˣ粵
ҶЦһЦ﹫ӡôȲͻϲɱ˼ҵ＼Լı֣
һ㵣ʹҪƤڼµ裬ͻȻҶЦôһ䣬ҲºȻѵҶӾȻǺ֥Բ崿ȴǸڼĺڣ
ǡڴ˿̣нȻ𣺡ҵ˭ԭµ﹫֪﹫ҾϲȴΪǰأ


80 
Ͻ﹫ֵùѪͷ飬ҳǵеϢԴͼ˲֪нһʣڴװͿﻹһӣҪΪ
Ҫ˵걣ڵݣھûв֪ģҶЦ£һ˽ˣǴȤ꣬ƽôһݽɫȴҶǱ߿ۣҶһ͸ñƫƫεıʲôڰΣյһϣкôֵ˭Ҳֲ˵ԼԼҲô
﹫Ӣ׵¶һ˿΢Ц಻Ҫ벽һǷҵˣԵֵܻҪˣͨһ֣ǵʸף˵
нԺٺһЦҪְ룻﹫ʲôĿҪģֱӸ˵ͺãĳ䲻Ų﹫ӿֶأ
нĴƺ̹Ե²ǷˣǸ﹫ӣʵ˭֪Ƿʲôнһţ̻ȫ޶£ָ﹫ӴвΪڳ˾ó
﹫º͵˵ŶôľҪְְôҪô
ʹỺһɳǵ⣬ȴǲΡ
нһǱİΣвҪĻô֮䣬ʲô˿ԳƵҪ֣
﹫ߵ국ЦЦνΣ֮˭ҿҪ
˵΢΢̧ͷнϣһɱͻȻԽԽŨĵ
ȴǰúвˡ
нʱŭ͵̤ǰһҪԼսȴһԶէ죺֮ǰȷʵ˿ԿҪͬһ仰ҲҪλ֮λҲһĲҪ𣿡
˵ҶЦŶһ߽̬Ȼ
ȻĳΪףǴ˿̿﹫ӵ˵ȴƶˣˣһɾӸ£ؾ֮еĿ
ֱǸ߸ϵo׹Сķˡ
﹫ɲǼȻһ
Ϊӵ첻ȴôƣķֱأô̫Ϻ߼˰ɣ
¾Ǵ˵ˣҶЦ﹫Ŀʵʶ֡
ҶЦȻһ㣬ǾľЦҶЦҶӵҶЦݵЦ
ֵڲ൱ЦеǰѪȾ
ҶЦһĿ﹫ӣиһִݵѹֻǲ֪﹫ˣҪҵѣҪҵĳУ
ѹ
ѹ
﹫Ҳ֪أֻоԼƣȻһİ˸ȫѹסˡ
﹫ӶԴ״вʣƴҪԷƽӣĿ⣬ƶ˵ĳȻƣôҲ޷ͻƣ
﹫꾪ɲı˴˶һۣһʵҶţ
ҶЦ¶һڽЦɣ
˳һ£ʵҶӡǵ괹֮ҶĺˣҶϼֳ徣
ҶЦҶЦľֻһݣԺλԷʩΪκι˼ɣһζɣУڼ
Խô˵˷Խɹ
Էôƶ϶򵥣
ۺ쳾죬ԺյҶ֮ˣ˴֮ҶҶ֮⣬ˣ
﹫˼ˣҲԥ
﹫ȻԲ뵱Ĵ֮ҶȴԾǲģҶϼʮţʮĵ̣ڣҪĻڡ˶֪Ҷ쳾ǵĳߴԾɽڣôҶ쳾ͶҲû
ҶҺ֣˸ߵ齨˾֯ǿ϶ҪΪġ
Լܲ˵ǰλҶӷͻ˵ֽҶѿ֯ˣ˾ٻҶҷαŭʮδһٳֱӱˣ׵Ĵۻһ嶼ܲ˵ģ
˵֮֮⣬˭˵ܵҶ쳾һŭ
﹫֪Ƕ϶ǲҶҵģ
ڵǣԼڵѰˣѵͱԷһ仰ˣ
δҲ̫ˣҲ²̨Ժ󻹻첻ˣ
Զ¥ϣĸͷйעߵ̬չȫһ̾Ϊֹ
һΪǵֱضҪˡү̾Ϣһ֮Уȴȫҫ⡣
죡ŭүĿء
ʮ㣡£ү죬Ȼ˵ûˡ


81 Ӹ
һ񳣬棬ȥֳȻ⡢ƺ쳾֮һͺϬܳˣ۾ʵעԶҶЦ૵˵㲻ǡҲ㹻ˡ
λ½۵ƣǵ괹Ҷ߶֮һƼҺˣƼҼ
ϸĸ˼ȻеĹע棬ǹҶЦһһһһС
˶ϳɾĿⶾ֮Ȼó﹫Ӵͬ飬ᣬʵȴǸеĸ֣Ȼʱ֪ݣֻ¶ƣȴѾ֤ھ֮Уû˵Ķ֡
ʹн֣Ҳֵֻܵһ˶ѣδֵܹס
֮ͬ﹫һ֣Ӹ֮Σ
ǳߵܣƵĵں½ǣǣں쳾ͬǣ
Ϊ£һ
мڴˣĸͷ׼
˼ֻǵҪҶЦӦԣԷĶֵĻôҲἴʱ֣Էһֱɱ
ͬΪ֮﹫ӵӵи֮Ҳӵоɱ֮ܣ
﹫ӳƬ̣΢Цһ£Ҷ֮ɱȣĳԹһʣΪͣ¸Դʼĳ벽֮˽˶Թ˹ϸǣأ˶һҶͨ
仰֮йȻʾ˻ǲϰݵԸеʾ֮⣬ȴҲԶ׼ġ
ҶЦмһ˵˵﹫ӵ˽˶ԹǴҶҪõһ˴˾ִˣαؽΡ
﹫ŭɫһ֣⻹ôֻǾҲ˶ϣ
Ȼ֮ʲôҶЦ΢΢̧ͷ﹫ӡ
ֻǣҶЦͷ΢΢ţŲӣ״̬һ־Ӹ£ٵĸӸо
飬˻̾˽⣬˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֡
ҶЦ˵¶ԣΨһĸоֻСһκƽľۣ˶ѡɴ˵˽˶Թݡ˶ʲôġǾǲϰݵһ̫Сˣ
ĳܰһƫܶѼҵ˵˵òƹʣȻĳ˵Ϊֽһȫµľ磬ȴ˵ã
﹫ǿסбŭǰλڰﰵָԼľҧԭҶǰ边Ҳ֮ôôĳҶһоеǷǱ׼Ҳ̫ڿˡ
ҶЦΪ˵˵仰ֻ֤С뱲ӹʵ̫˳ˣڱ߻Ƣ
﹫ӺĴ˿ҧԸӸۣͽ̣
ǧҪ½ﻵˣҪ޸һ㣬ԼȻΪ˳ӦУκκˣ㶼оʮ⣬ֻ˵֮͵Ĵڡ
ҶЦԵģҲˣҲҪЩ޸ͬһ˵ͬǱ˴˶ҪԼǣͣ
ҶЦһ£Ǳ˴˵ȴı﹫£쳾ɾʢ𣿴ˣϧԾֻһУ﹫ӣûУԾ﹫ӣɾ﹫ʢ﹫ӱ
﹫Ӽ˵ͨ﹫ӵʢ㲻پⶵֻǡ﹫ӣôΪ𣿡
﹫һ㶣Ǹ֮߰ˣԼվԷƱȻѾµҶЦ˷۵ȴǲԸĨɱ˵
ֻ﹫û𽣶˵ζʲôǿڽ֮⣬һһߣһɢޣ޽ȵطõȥ
߳ԣߣ϶ѣȻһĳֱһ߶ԣȴǺε󣬶һ꣬뼺ϵıһߵҪԣ㲻᲻֪Ӧ˵κκܹѽĲϵˣֻҪǽ֮жˣǾô˵֪﹫Ͽ񣿡
ҶЦ峺Ӹµע﹫ӡ
㣬ĽҪغ˭ҪһЩ룬Ӧ÷ֱóɡ
﹫ҧҪϣȴòϡ
𽣶ڲ˵ȷʵҪԶԶԼҪ


82 ͦ
ԼȻɾԼʢԴͷԼ＼ڼֻ˵һȤԷļն̸ϣĽȴİ
˵Ϊ
µ﹫ӣΪܿܿգѾһֶͣϰ˸߸ϣԣڵյĳͻʼչڻʹյսȡΪϰҪĶһҪõκκԡִˣøۡ
Խˣ˶֪Ƿղƴֵ㣬սͬĲ˵񲻸Ҫɱ죡Ϊ˵ɺ޵ˣ
＼ڣ£ƴ֣ʵǮ㣬ԲѹˣѹˣɬĲ䣬Ϊй߸ѵ֮е𣿺Ĳģ죬أ
ҶЦüͷ¾ˣҿ˵ʲôô˭ǿԵ˭˭ߵǷǣԵģƣԣȴ֪﹫Σ
﹫ӣǵϣ̫ˡҶЦͷһ仰ˣٸ֣Ʊͦ굽ףɣ
˶٣ԭȻĿ׶Գ׺֮ɫע﹫ӣΣΣжٸΪԮֻҪǸҶ֣ôյľ󣬽ϧһдۣϤҶĳԳ磬޸ģ
ҶЦ˼ʵĿ⣬Ľ⣬ڳ裬ݺأ
ûԹĿĻ֮»ܹȥľģԼܷ⣡
ʵҶЦ˵һ仰ʼһֱڱֳĬ
һԲȴҶЦ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֡
˿̣۾﷢Ź⡣
վƴһʼһֱûбһ˿һϸ΢ĸı䶼ûУҶЦĻģϵԽԽ㣬ԽԽʢ
ֱҶЦһ仰˵꣬һֺͻأǿ̬Ʊ
һĽƿնϣ
Ծԭؾһ̣ȴƺѾ˾
ǹɷƥĽƺҪ͵ط룡
ûܹط룬ɽһ̣ȴ·ɹˣ
¼չһݳ
һ֡ƯһҵһУһֹ޵ֳ
ֳòƯһӳΪȻһͻͽԭ
һ仰ˣٸ֣Ʊͦ굽ףɣ
ΣΣжٸΪԮֻҪǸҶ֣ôյľ󣬽ϧһдۣϤҶĳԳ磬޸ģ
ҶЦ⼸仰˵
غţԼ飻оⶸȻ䣬Ȼ˼оƽ
﹫һɲǼɫ䣡
˱ΪΪף߽ߵӦǲǰʣͬʱתͷꡣǶظоˣһ̵Ȼһ˲ķâ¶˶ȻһΣյĸо
ʣâԣ
ͻƣ
ɲǼ䣬﹫˶пһҲݡ
˵һжĻȻҲͻˣûеˣ
˵ֵز﹫ҲеάȣΪѡ
ΪѵȻǲ걾ȻʵǿᣬΪµɢǿߣмǿʵ˵ս͵﹫ǲʥ֪أشһѿɼһߡ
˼ԵʻٻͻƣƱظѶ㲽˵ãĹеţȻͻмޣ˵ģ﹫һǳ֣ԾɿԸ㶨꣬еΣһ£ʵսսȴһ¡
﹫ӵ˸еΪѣǾֻӦ˵ҶЦˣ﹫ӴеĿļ򵥴ֱҪѩޣһѩ֮𣬽֮󣬾ƫܣ۾ҲûʲôȻҲмʵȱ߶սȫҲδرһѶ̫࣬治﹫С
ǽųֵľ֮էǸ۵ԪСϺףǷ̬
ÿһÿһ㶼ƽ֪ڳ߶˹޶򽻵﹫Ӱ㲻İӲϴ﹫϶ǰҶӵɻҪʶи߼޶֮ϣ֮ǰ󣬾ԼǲĴڡ


83 ͷ
һҪ﹫ȴֲľʹ˴ùģ֪ǲһ£ҿԸӣԵģҸӣҲøӰѣ
̨׽ʱ򣬶ԷȴֱӾһͦס
﹫ӵʱе£²̨Ҫ˭˭˭˲𣬵ǰ̬ƻʵǿռϷòã
Ȼ﹫Ӵ˼ҲϿҶЦ˵ԾɻǾȥǾʹ֣ȥԼߣǡʷ경ͻƣǴ˼ʵȥȴͻ֮Ĳ꣬﹫޷ܣյʱɬȻ
˵£ʵһᣬֻ˵ΪһСŵµĶҶЦǱĲмĻӻ֣ʵΪôһȥȥʾܲ⡣
﹫һǿס۵ĳ嶯ѵҶӾǾãС巢ˣ
﹫ӣȻмʵĵȴҲ˿£ԷҲ򣬻ûȤ
ȻˣǾ͵תء
ѡ﹫ҲǰĪ⣬״׵ľͻһҲ뷢
Ҳʵǿ̫ˡ
ֻǼ
б㵱óôҿ
ҶЦһ漴ԭ﹫Ӿ潫Ǽˣǽⷢӣ⵹ǴԤ㣬ڱֹСǡǺǣΪһɢޣǼøЩҲͰˣϾû̫棻﹫£ŷּʶǸȣҲ
﹫ӵʱֱ࣬ǾǺëֹ֣ͭмУòˣ
ҶЦ˷ۣԭ﹫Ӿ֮Ǭδ֪ȡã
﹫ס
ҶЦ̧΢΢һЦ⼸ǡ϶Уδ֪֮ǰõķǷأ
һһͷСǬȻϣǬһǬص¹â۹֮
﹫Ӽ״һ㶣һϲ
Լб鷳ģ벻Ⱥ£ֱתۡ
ԼֻҪǬͿˣ
һɹԼֵʵƱؿԵõɱ
ԼҲһ
˵һ룬ԼϵҲԼ൱Ҫɲ֣ͬĲݴʧ
﹫ʶĿ˵ҶӾȻ˿ȻĳֻҪõǬԵʱȥ벽壬鷳
ҶЦһ㶣ЦЦǰϣҲЦ˳βŴϢʵ﹫ӵ˼ҪҶĳ˽Ǭ޳͸㣿ȻǴӴ˲Ҳ鷳ɣ
﹫һͣʱͨ졣
ʶ͵Լ꣬ҲֵĿ⿴Լһɵӡ
磬ҲҸһˣѾ·磬ԷԴǼҵ²̨ߣ߲ˣ򣬲ҴȻҪԷ⳥Ǭ
㵽զģ
Դûˮɣ
һ˵˼Ǭ㣬ô
һˣһ̾ˣ
ôҪǰ˲Էӣ㲻˭
ԼС£û׼͵ðҲǣϣǲĲٵأ
ͿͣҶЦЦһٶȱޱ飺ұ֮ȫǬ㣻Ȼ﹫д˰ܣдǬҲȻͿͣŲߵģȫҴȥ

нһӦ漴ͬʱε˸н漴̤ǰһ˵﹫ӣɡ
﹫Ӵ˿ߣ
һ˫۾ֱĶҶЦϵǬҶӣǿղһʱͿ˵˻ʵ̫ɾҵ֪ҶҪʲôǿ̸Ӽг֮ιת۱ǧ֮⡣
ҶЦҶĳûи⳥ϰߣƣ̸ʲô̸
˵תҪߡ
﹫Ӵ˼Ѿ˽ֺͺëֻͭǬ֮еճˣƫƫǴǬļ֮ʱ⾪ҶЦϱУϰݣ
ɱͷҲߵġ
֪ҶЦǣǲϷ
Ҷߣ﹫һҶӸղ˵Ǽ¹һС׶ɵĶĳҲֻ벽ֽ⿪ݶһЦȿȡ
Ȼ˵ĲԸͷǣһ壬ֻ¾ҲûǸˣ﹫ҲǼˣȴʲô˵Ĳ˵ȫ˵ˡ


84 ˫ɱ
ҶЦһֹסȥƣתͷ˵Ϊ֮ѵ˵ˣеǬѰɫǬǬ֮֮ȻֻӤͷ­Сȴǧķ﹫ӡӦ֪ζʲôȻҲ̫ЩȴΪʶ
﹫۾Խȣϵͷ
Ǭ˱Ǭԭ֮⣬̻֮Դǿռľý飬﹫Ĳ֣ŻʣࣻʣµĲֻ֣Ҫɼӹϳ˵ǬָعҲһöǬ䡭һڣ﹫ӿ𣿣
飿ôУ
ڳ˾Զǵͷ
ҶЦղǿǬķС﹫е֮һѾǼˣʣµЩĪ˵һöǬָöҲ
֮ϾǴ´ˡ
﹫ӵҶ˵İ㲻Ǭĳ˵ǳҪǵǰ
ҶЦǺһЦ뷨ǽǬʮҵļ۸۸﹫ӣ˽һţ˵־磻ֻ﹫Ӹղŵ쿪ҸеܲˬԸΪⳡųȴԩͷ㱻ҲУԣҸˡ
﹫һɫ
⻰Ҫô˵أǬȻҲ𣬸ǿռߵľ壬м۲㼫ߣϾ쳾ǳλ棬ٷ߼ֽпռߣϡǬʵֵԶԶëͭҶЦղóǬƷҷأʵֵҲ̫ߣϸ˵ʮңԶԶʵֵȻڰ˵ˣΪԼ˵һ仰
˵˵ȥ
ڵǣԼǬѰûǰէֵܷŹ
֪ҶôſֻӦ˵ùˬ˼˵ȴվ﹫Ҳꡣ
˿̣˵һ˫ԽҶЦ
Զ׼첻﹫ӱ˶ܱ
ԭ﹫鷳ģּӦǴܴ˴˵ˣɶҲûɲֹҪ˱Ƴӣĵ׵ݱˡ
﹫ӻã뻹һǬǰ湴š
Լզ£
ҪҲ޽պյĴܣصʲôûɣֱ﹫ӱԷһ٣ͷ߳һ٣žǻˣ
̫˰ɣ̫Է˰ɣ
ҶЦѭ˵ˣմһֵ֪˵ܾòԾ
ȻѾֳǿƵ̬ȣôƱҪһӵܵİ跢ӵ쾡£
ڼ䣬Բһļ󶼲УһЩ΢ãֻһƣ˻ʵԣӶһķ
ҶЦô
ǿƣ
ǿƵף
۾Ųʱ֣ȻҶףֻĸϰߣֻǵʸѡ
лԲסоҪ֪ҵ֣Ҷһ᲻ᱨң
ݵı᲻ᱻҶΪ̫ΪǣûаҶҿأ
Ҫǻرܲ˵ֻۿһͻֽν
λҶӵɣһ㲻Ĳˬ˼ʱղѼһߡ
էҶЦʣҲǲɵһ£һʱԼ̲סĲ⡣
ֵ˹ͷȴǲȻóȻֻи˵ķݣ±ȭˮҰˮ죻Ҷˡ
ԭˮ˫һͨգҶʱ˭
ˮˮֵȴ޽պյħͷ޽ɱְϣеʮʿ̸֮޲ɫ䣡
Ȼͷټ˫ɱ֣ȴ˵üݣԭɱ伣ҲɱֹΪ棬ֵܵĲȴһڻԵɺԵʻᡣ
ȴǰִֵһ׷ɱĿֱһ֮أ֮õĳһֻڴ˵֮еĻشݣֵܾȻһϦ֮䣬ϻͯӰ׷Ĵĺ֮صʱݡ
Ϊ飬ɾһڴ档
òı֮󣬾ʹ˶Լ״̬ϸܣм˶ˣ֪ʵݵģϤɱڡ
˴¶ǰɱ֣˼صΣԸֹһ
һ£ԭҶ֪ν˫ɱλߣȴ˭ںһϤˣ
ܣˮֵܱټãȴڽ죬ҶЦȻɽľ޴ѹȴǱԼݡ
Ϊ﹫ǱѾˡ
ԼֻǴİףֻΪ֣ͨҶȻﶢϵĻ
ǲԩ͸
Լֵ˫ɱ֮һߣһǸ߲ʵĴڣҶңҪŪԼ治Ƕѵ飬νܣȫԣ


85 ô죿
ҶЦˮȴɫ糣һҪָߴϵ̬һҲȷʵִʲôΨһӰҲֻǴɱְϿѣ޵ĵͷţԭѽ쵹ֿһ۽硭
仰˵ɡ
ѽҪ˵ˮֵܣҲǸоһۣϴλôҲǽǿߣܸܲ˵˵Ŀһ۽е壬ôǿĳָоأǿ𡭡
Ҫҵ£ҪҵҶЦͷ飬ĵط취߲͡
﹫ʵʹʲôĳǡ
ҶЦ΢Цţָͷһղǿлݶʮңлּۻۡ
﹫Ӣӵʱ鴤һ¡
ʮң㳬мıһֻһȻһ϶
ǽӵô
﹫ǿסĳ嶯һʹӵĵڶǣ
ڶһЩ﹫֮ţܹвۼҶЦ΢Цҵ¼֣ڴ﹫Ϊ£ǰͰɣ
﹫ӵɴ۾ʲô
˵﹫ӣһ˵ȣҲҶЦʨӴſھˡ
Ҫ۵ģûôݵġ
˼﹫ӵĳ鷳ĺòãôȥȻҪΪˣ
ʲôͣ⡭Ѿֹתֱۣడ
﹫˸ʣҶһ䣬˴һ֮ţҪķѶ٣Ƿ֪ʱʳǣһ֮ʣָ֮ࣿ
﹫ӵ֮򵥴ֱռҲҪиƣһǬҪӶʮңҧҧˣ֪֪һֵ
﹫Ӵһһ˵Ⱦеˬ
ţʲôţ
Ǵô
ʳǸ˴˲ôﴵ㻹һģ
浱ϡ
ҶЦüëΪ΢Цһ治֪һ輸ΣҲģ֪һ£㲻߸˵ظҾһ;򲻵Ǭ
ЦЦҵ֤޴˵أֻҪ˵һ仰ʳ֮⣬쳾죬㲻κεطǬʲôǮ֪﹫ǲأ
ܹңҲ㡣
ҶЦ۾˵⻹ܹҵǰ֮£Ȼµ﹫϶ģǧʱ䣬ԻҴδɡ
﹫ûѹˣ̫
ҶЦǲΪЦЦ﹫ӵ˼£Ա㣬߲ͣ
﹫ס
˼𣿲ǰ治ǰҾ̫ˣɧѣ治ǰ
ҶЦʱתͷϢؼ壬˵Ǭ

﹫ڽֺͺëͭѾֻ̫࣬ȱһǬɳ£οϰ;ϣ֪һҶЦϢȥҶҵӰҪ˵ɢޣ壬ҲǲԼġ
˵ҵҶ쳾ˣȻδûУΪԼҶ쳾ģȴûУ
ֵʮոչȥ΢ڣ
ҶҸ֣ȴ˭ʱùͷ
˼û׼Ҫһ֮սء
һˣ﹫ƺоԼĳص㣬ǰλҶӲϵؽ·ϱƣδǸʹȻҪһĿôͱأ
ôһ룬λҳ嶯ˡ
ҴӦˣҶӦˣ﹫ίȫ˵ǣҶ֣и⡭
ȻѾӦˣǻʲô⣿ҶЦʵ
⣬ҶҪĳǴ֮ţĳӦ˾ͲᷴڣҪһְ֧ûδࣿǴ֮ţǷ֮޼ƷΪﲻʲôЧ⣬ؼһǡ֮һ֮ڴ˺һʱڶΣ򽫻ȫݽ߶
﹫ⷬ˵øԴǿУԱ˵Ǵʵ
һͽĸҲʳҶЦˡ
ô죿˵ôɣҶЦٶüͷ߻ظ﹫ӡ
ô죿
ҶЦķʣ﹫Ҳü
֪ô죬ԼղžͲдһʣֱӽ𰸷ŵ̨Ϻòã
ھʣԼһҲǶĹؼǬǰԼ֮ʣֻҪһ˿һأԼ
˴ȴ̸£ﲻɽ׹ʶ
ǿӲƸУϾ﹫ӵ֪Уһ߼ɾ񣬾ԵóһʱºҲñˣɣ޽ң
֮ǰǽѣӲĶвͨĽ


86 вң
ȻҲûת﹫ӿǰλľˣɾӸֵͬʱȴҲҪٳʽ׵Ը
ԼĴ֮ŶڶԷҲһڿھۺʵߣҶԼ֮ŵЧµ˵ڶʱ֮һ
ڽ׶ѣҲ˵ȡ軥ݣȻ﹫ܼ࣬﹫ӺݺҧҧҲʹӦˣʵȴǡ
Լ֪Լµ﹫нôЦ𣿣Ǿ³ǧ֮Щ˼һǿѻôǿˣ
ҪֶͨΡ͵һȫҵĳ˽˾ţΪ°ˣ
֮Ȼп߿һ˵ǰǡܡòãǾԣҪԵɺϣ߱뻹־ͨҴܹ裬Ϊȥ˱ͻƵı㡭֮һ㰲ɣľ뵽һķΧ֮Уڳ֮һѡ
ûд˵еôòã
﹫νʮֵĳԼ񻰣Ǵ˼ʵӰȴҪ㣬ԼԶ˵ݵǰ⣬̫Ҳδʲô£ν˵֮Ĳʲô˶ܸɵģ
ҶЦ۾бŲӣ۾Ǻɵע﹫ӣ̬ȼ򵥴ֱ˳ǣѾ˵ʵҲֻΪںң
ֱ飬﹫ӼҪˡ
⸱ıǼ˼ǲǬ㣬ͲᴵˣǻǰףֻΪԾʹˣҶЦüͷͷ﹫ӣͻȻŭһôȻвңôĹ
Ҵ壬ʣͻȻһ̳
ԭЩȵ˼ʾȻֱӱ˴ֿڣڳࡣ
ò˵ͻȻİ辢ͷԼǷǿƵͻȻӿƣֱӵ﹫ӵɫ˲ʱͰˣ
һʮŭҲ﹫ѸٵóһۣλȻʮҶҹӣ
ǰƣԼЩ̫ӵͻȻİһģһй֮޲ġ
棬һ˳ľͱĲһĿһУĿӾ¶š
⡭ôвֻǡֻǡ﹫ӵʱɵۡ
ؾôҪ⻹ˣ
һˣԼﷴ̾˿ȻԷˣ˭㵱潲潲ǲŲˣ
Ҷ治²飬ǹغ֮ԡ﹫Ӳûз֣ԼڵƣҶЦḶ̸̌ţɥʧԭգҲѰƵ浴Ȼ޴棬ʱ˿ֱӾһίСϱֻʣ²ϵı⣬ϵ£֮໹мֵֻ̿ζȫΡ
Ҷ룬ٷˡţԲΪɣԳ佣һڽܵӦֵĻֺα뾺𣬶϶ʽѰܹʩչģҴ״ʵͬĵ
﹫Ӵ˼ίʵļˣˣݱۣ϶ϲὫԼ鷳Ķ˳Ӱʵ
һ͵طһۣи̣ѾģӽˣҸôôҪ֪нô
ҶЦ㶣ε⻰˵õҲмֵ;ͬǰҶǩˣ˼Ǿòã֮䡣ίʵһϡ
ǩӡ
﹫档
ҵµ㶷ǩᲢۡ
йһ;ͬڶֻ᲻̫ɶһ㣿
еҲУڼ۸񶼿ˣѵóһΣҪҷǲҶЦŰۣ
﹫ϵʱּһ鴤ҧҧҿټӼ۵ġ
Ǻǣʲôȱ䲻ȱǮҶЦνüͷЩصҪʲôء
ʲôȱ䲻ȱǮ
﹫ٴ
ǮУ
ȻҴҵʲôȱο໹Ѿ룬һôô
˺οΪˣ
﹫֪ҶЦ˵ʲôȱ䲻ȱǮʵϺɰҲúܣʵҲֻԷѣһǧ˿֮ûٸˡ


87 ԽԽ
Ҫ֧ô˵ĳԺһӦҲ뵽һôӴ֡ÿһĳԺȣǲκķʳͨ˿ҲһƵ֡
˵ҶЦΪʵ٣ÿһٷ˶ֱϵȵĻʳ
λֵòƴֵҶӣѾǻüޣʱܱһͷβơ
ղǾ仰ӦǣʲôȱȱǮǡ֣
ǡҶ˼﹫ӲضҶЦеǬ۾Ѿˡ
ǷݿѾǱīݡ
򣬳Ǯ˼Ҳ
͵û͵
Ϊǲ
ĻƫƫҪûУû¡
﹫һʱٽᡣ
֮˲Ҷҹӣ﹫ʲôɵó
Ī˵ǿȡᣬ㵱ɱԽʲô
޽ֵطɱ˱Ѱ顣
㣬﹫йȻҶЦֳûٵΪ޵˼ȴҲ⵽㣬ش֮ԼɵøҲ˵
ƱǿκΣֻ
ҵ˼ɶ˼ʵûɶ˼ҶЦ˰죬бۿ˰﹫ӣ㶼˵ѴвѵĿԣͲǿѵˡ
仰ˣ﹫һˣǾˣȫͿˡ
ˣȻˣ
⻰ô˵ڵأ
ɣⷽǬлʮҡҶЦǳ˴һΪѣõóǬò㡣
٣
ʮң
﹫ʶز¡
һǬѵ˾ܳ룿
쵰ôҿڣô˼أ
ѾǵʨӴſˣ
һſھҪƽµĿ
﹫ԥֻҶЦüƵҿʮǮ᲻еƫأҪ١
ʢ⣬򣡡﹫鼱֮£ʾ⡣
һߵˮ˫ǲֻɫָӡ
ƽûôڱˣƫƫҷζȻһ
һǬʹϴҲ򳬲ҵ顭
λҶӽɽǿһ˽ʮ
ƫƫ﹫ӻ͡ˣ
ǼƣȲϸģ
֪ˣֵܹʲôô
ֵ˴˼ʿ﹫ӵĿ⣬һƬԹأ˵ˣֵֻһĲ𣿣
㷣վɶҲûС
ֵͬʱо⡭˹ˣ

֮﹫ɫӲġض顱ҶЦһȻȻãӻ䲻һƬƲʡ
ţ˼磬ҪӻòƱȽϿӵˣ
ҶЦһȻںĵУʵֿ˻ʲƣôһˬѵɵȱס
ÿ춼ɵȱǺãÿʮ˸ҲǲӶİ
ˮˮֵһĻظ﹫߳ţһڵúƹһ㡣
һžͷˡ
﹫ӣֵֵܴģɲģ﹫ӣ¶ʵڲصֵϸ΢Ƕ㶪ˡ
﹫Ӵ˼ʺγίҺù˭뵽ĲȻܹһλôӲĿɽǿҶҰݺ쳾ʮֳ֮徵Ĵ֮ҶûҴǵùͷǴ˼ʶ뻹취ءҪίȫͳ˼Ķˡʱ򣬱ԹҲֻܵĵظˡʵ˳ɷͷȥɱ䣬;ֶ϶ϲǵĶ֣һ˵ãֵܵľһϵûУв
ֵȻǲãֵҲǾ֮Ϥ飬β֪﹫ӻȴֵܵ£̾˿ĬĬ

һ̾ȴ̾õسеĸӳ̶ȣίʵǳ˿ġ

ͷӵɴ˼˫ۣ۰װ׵ؿҶЦô˾ǿƳȥһŰ裬ɣȡ֣ѹˣͱˣΪƣΪꡭȻôһΣӦ˹ȥ׬˱Ǭֵʮľ󡭡
ͷͶεΪ̾Ϊֹ
Ϭүźӣ㻻ңλ֮ҲΪŶۼְء˭뵽ӵƵˣʵֻǹһΪߵģҲŲʥƷװðԵ£
ȷϬ
үɫأҿȴνǻǷݡ޾ĵУĵ
ͷĬȻͷ
ǵģûĵ˭ܵŵ


88 һĽ
﹫ӵƱȻȥˡ
ȴԸȻƶ
ǵᵽˣԼȻֻСǰ;ȴǲ޿ģȻˣôڵľְλо˵ļ־ԵְλҪԲԶ
һ죬润һôǼҪְλɾʵĿ֮λ
мڴˣÿ˶
Уɷ֮Ͱƴ
ȫһԼݡͼļƣ
ҪҶЦʹҩ滺һ˵״̬ľ㴴߻ħǶģһֱӾǹ壬
﹫Ѱ϶һ۸һ֮һʱ䣬޸ʣÿԻǰΣ֮֮⣬ƽ˾ˡ
֮ȫꡣ
ڶ̶һµʱİٶ˽֮֯⣬ҵΪҲۿɼķв˸һ֮ͻԭƿȥһȫµĸ߶ȡ
д׶ͻƽߵһ޷ĽҲضãͬһ»ޣԸڴɣ泩ҩľԲͻֳһ̬ƣЧβ첻ߡ
۲ѡ
Ȼ֮УʵͻģȴǺɷ֮ˡ
ҶЦĸ׽Զ٭Ȼ򡪡
䣬Դӵལ֮ͻƹϣΨһֻ;ǰУΪǷҰݣǣ¾ϴľĶԶ֮ϣΪʹԪƷƷ֮
ڴ˺һʱ棬˿ͣͣͻͽ
Ȼܹ֮ݽΪľĥ¹ˣһȴҲҪ鹦֮ǰҶЦϧİ޸壬дĵرҩǱڣļӳ֮£ݳɹ
ɷ״ҲǣǸҶЦ磬õĺôҲȻ࡭
һǰҶЦ͵͵ټڰ͵͵ÿƿҩ˵нȸһǧȥ
ˣĵһ£ϿɵĸϣǱܹõļȥҸϣܹƾʵһ˫۵λã쳾죬ǵĴ棡
Ҫǣǿǿ
Ǿ仰ˣģ
ҶЦ⼸θ֮ԣ˺۾ȵƺҪȼա
ֵҩ鵤Ƽǵǰ״̬ҩһ߿Ԫܣһ߿ʶһ߿ӱΪÿһŶΪظãЧҲ
Ψľһ;ɼҪҸ򡣡
͡
еĹοڶߣעĿ⣬ǰӵ׻׻̻壬ǳӵͷ
ÿֵʮöǺεȵļֵζźֵΡ
βף
һŵҩǺľƷ鵤
һ֮УҪ˵ܹӵУֻǵļһΣһۣĪԵԼһӵʮţ
ʱ˿̣˶û˵
˿˵ʲôεıģ˵̬ȣǽ飬ûʵ壡
꣬μоͺá
ˣ˵ʲôֻʲô
ʮŵҩ˹Ȼ֮պãҲûϧȥʮʱÿţȫһաӸǵҩĿģΪ޶ȵΪ
ǽ鲻óԣţǲǹ˹ӵһ⡣
һµʱ֮УһΪͬһ㣬ֱƷһ·˰Ʒ۷壬ֱ֮Ƿ˼̾Ϊֹ
ȻΪƷ۷֮ȴƺһƿ״̬ƱĿס
Լ֪Լ£Լʱʵ̫ˣ㲻µʱΪԪƷһ·˰Ʒ۷壻Ľں쳾ʷУһŵ漣
漣Լ·̣ϲʹ౯ĥ£ľԶѰߣԼ巽ת䣬ԪƷȫΪˣٶ޸̥ǣƶһֵ̣ߣؼĹҩʮŵ񵤣ǧΪʶĻ֮£ԼΪǽˣ£
ĽмޣЩȫĵ£ԼҪǳ»̸Ψлĵ֮󣬲ٶͻơ
⼸ƽţٿתϵػԼʽɱԼ
ͬž쳣

Ƚһǧɷ֮Ͱ˵ĽȾԵЩˡ
Ͼļ죬ƶʹ౯µĥ£ǿ飬Ҳû˭ݼ
ǲصļӳ֮˵Ľ˵仹Ҫһ֡
ԭԪƷ۷ӣɷ֮ոճɹͻƷΪδõȹ̣һʱܵ΢ΧУȻڵõҶЦʮŵҩ֮һʱ䣬ɷ֮ΪѸԪƷ۷塣
аĽɷ֮൱ԭΪΪͬԪƷ۷壬Ľһ̬ǰͬ̾Ϊֹ˼
ǰ峿ڰ׶һƽһд輼գɷ֮УȻսͻƣͻƷ磬Ϊĳ˵Ŀİһס
ûڱѪֱĿࣺսоȻҲͻơģ
Ϊ˽ΪţٱֿڣһȴûסϾǰı仯̫ˣ
ۿһֱԼƾвнĶȻԼһͷԭһ·ʼձŲ֮״̬˲ʱȻ޴档
⡭϶ûģ
ȻͻƻԼս֮зģ֮Էĳɾ͸ԼֱӴٳɵġ
Էж²ֹ˳֣žԼʰһ٣ֱӵ˰Щܻˣ
˫ȻУҲȺ֮ģ
ɷ֮бŰ͸¶޵ĵ⣺Ժ°ɣ
ķƨ
ںɷ֮ĵ⣬ŭһ˵ͷһƴȥˣ
Էʵǿ֮ŶԣֻᱻԷŪøңϽʵ˵ɶҲܱɷ֮ʹ˱ȥ
ǰкݾҲ
ۿԽԽÿһ˵״̬ؽ
ÿ˵۾Ǽλá
ЩԾмϣģԾԾԡ

ֻûֻ֪ûע⵽ʱļȲ䣬ҲǺɷ֮һˡ
ҶЦ
ҶЦˣ
ʱҶЦһ߳䵱ҽβˣ£֡ȫæµʱ䣬ﻹϾʵڽЩͬʱÿһʱÿһ̣ڳβ
ҶЦһֱ֮д๫ʲôطֵ֮ء
ĺͨԴԴؽãһǱĬķʽˢ֮еһУҶЦЩصն󣻶ⲿľռĺҲͬԴԴ̬ڲҶЦľ֮ӿ룬ӳɣȻǿþ˵ġ
⣬еԪأҶٶܸɷ֮ô൤񵤣ôغԴٵˣ
Ȼǲ٣ֻö࣬һõֶ࣡

ʱһֱעҶЦ״Ǽͷӻһޡ
Դͷ֮ĸͷһ𣬽ϳӲȡ
үӣүӣүӣԼүӡ
۹ӵΪòһƷµǰ죬үңң߳ԺҶЦһۣο˵
Ǻһ˲мζ
ֱӶϻԶ׼ĵɪǡ
Ҷˣֲˣ˸ëߣ
ʵ⼸ͷҲĿ֮οҶЦȷˣĳ˵ĵǰλ̫ͣôʱ䣬һƷΪʲôҫģб¶һƷ
Ȼ֮ҶЦһ֮һʱɢǵĵڣľүɨȥһۣɲǼĿɿڴ
ҿ
үӵӼûɳն
զˣɶֵôĴС֣ûеˣ˲춯ʡ
ʲôҶЦͻԪүͭ壺ǰſոͻԪƷôͻһ󾳽磿
ǰнԪƷԪȻֻһ֮ȴ֮һ󾳽ͻƣô׵飿
ҪͻǵȴҪаľ飬Ϊ꣬ʶȵȵȵ̫̫ڵĿ
֮ǰԪƷ֮ٶͻƣһһʵͻء
үǴľ


89 ֮·
ٹƬ̣үͻ⺢ӲǼʵʹʲôҩǿΪռͻƴ󾳽磬Ľ鵤ڴԶϡ׶˸Ϊעòʧ
үһԼŪԼȥɣ˭ǵȽҩİʹֶ֮󣬹Ȼ٣ȴȻ֢״֣֮޴Σ㿴ҶС˿ԾĵطȫȻˬԪ̬Ʒδ֮ƣ濴ô
үķ˼תҲԼվסţʹ
үӽſڵϹأ˵⺢֮ǰǲΪʵˣѽʵ̫š֮ڶ᲻ᣬʱиӴʱΪһԪСϺף޿Ϊ˵˴үԼЦ
үĿ䵽үӵϣͷѾ뵽ʲôĿûУ
ʲôȵүԼ۾˵᲻ǰˣ
˶ʱñĵĿ⿴
Ī˵һ𿴴κһҲûпܿĺòã

ʮ󡭡
һһںȲĵĸͷٱʡ
ѽλүȲء㡣һҶЦЦ˽
㡭ۣ
ҪкĸͷһۿҶЦǼ벻ؽպȽȲ˳
֭ˮ죡
ȿȿȡĸͷһ첱ӴֵĿԽҶЦһ
ʵĸүӿȵ̫ˣ̲סһӶԷʱϢĸо
ĸͷɶëզһҾͿԣ巢ô
ҶЦɻ󣺡զˣһ߸ϵүӱ󣬸ᴸ˴ֵ
ǲǳİɣڱϾԵİٷְٵ̬
үӵʱһ⣬ղŵεȻ޴档
һҪɱ˵Ŀ⿴϶ߣɪɶССӲСһƴϲݵģ
ûû¡Ǳ֮ͬʱץ豭ˮΪΣһڲˮȥǵûãһֵĿԡ
ҶЦϼʶĳ鴤ţʲôǵòҲôĵͬһëɣ
ҲϺ
ⲻ֪ϵĶڿֻоԼһһľΡ
ģҿʲôСء֡ͻˣ
ȻԪһƷˣ
Ҹȹ̣Ԫ޾֣Ϊʲô
ҵš
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫Ϻ˰ɣ
ӦһؽͷˮҶЦͳȥɫء
治ԾˣÿоһˡүӴ죬һ۵ı顣
ϻһֱŲװҲүһ󣺡ҾͲôܳס׵ǰ״ôô治ô
ʮĸͷڵϢȴԸҶЦ״ֻҪҶЦһ뿪룬˵ʶͻ۽ĳϡ
ĳ˾Ϊ٣λǰȫȫ֪Լ类˸׵
ͻˣȻͻˡүԭۺӣȻ֮ˣµãһֱӰһƳף˲Լòĳ룬һֻ󹫼ס˲ӡ
ԪƷˣȻԪƷô
үһϸߣӿǰĲ輸䡱һ
⣬Ҳ̫
Ǹ
ʮµһ졣
ҶЦһһ㣬ʩʩȻ˳ɾ͸зǷһĴɱ֣λɱ뿪ʱ˵ˣȥһ£Ч
Ҳ֪ҶЦǲɱᣬͿɱۣʵҲǣҶЦΪˣں½֮ʱˢˢһˮɱ֣ĸؽƽȫǵɱ֣ɱжӣǲģ
Ȼؼɱֻһʥߣ
Լľ󣬺Ȼֶһʥߣһʥɱ֣
ҶЦ˼µĻãҲͶƲס¶Цˡ
ȫûʶ뿪Ƕڱһ˲
ȴʱñ־ºȲĸͷͬʱ˹ȥ
ԪƷ
ԴʮǰҶЦı̬֮ĸͷɴཫȲĵص֮⣬£Աʱ۲졣
ҪҶЦܹ˶پϲǴ˿һҶЦѾԾɲ㵱
ǲûţ
ôһˣʲôûʲôٶû˵ǵĵһţµɢ޵һ֣Ҳʶġ
ʱԪ֮ʱƽһΪʥԪ֮ʱǲʮһΪΪˮ׼ٶȱѾبδеĴ˵ˡ
ڡҶЦȽٶô£
⡭ȫ޷Ⱑ
˵ԼӡЩبδĴ˵ôҶЦָʲôأǱ̬
ҲֻݴʣҲݳҶЦٶȣ
ҶЦĽٶȾƲ˵Ľٶȣ
׶λսǰգפͻȻƾһ̨
ģһǰﻹһƬյأһҹ֮䣬׺ɣ̨
̨֮ϣһۿȥ;Ű˶ģϵݼ򵥴ֱǾļ֣ӭƮ
ȻпЩ֮ˣ⣬ȫһӵĺߡ
ʵĺܼ򵥣һдĴ֣㵽Ϊֹ
˭Ҳò죬Լ˸Լ˽ֶսжԣ㵽ΪֹӦ֮壡
ڶͬĸֵ֣д裡
Ҳ⣬ٶԼˣǿԽ󱳽ԷĹֵܣ˴˶ʱһҪע⣡
ٽĵݾеѰζˣϣӹ£
˵ǰ֣Ŷ֮ˣעִ磬һ䡰ϣӹ£ȴֽѾƽķΧ±øǣҩζϾ˭ҲԸԼӹߵΣѰֱӱ滯ˣĳأĳĳӹﲻʹ
漴д˸һ䡰ϣӹ£ǰ䲻ִֵܽе㵽Ϊֹд裬дʤľߣܵþӹߣʤ̭˳£ȫìܣ㼼Լ⣬֪ܶ£ǹ֪֮Ĳ㣬зͼǿķǣ
ףʾϿɣ
һȴǳ׵߸˶ǰݵ֪жϣΪһдݺȻǡ˭Ҵ֮·ಫ
һͻͻ󣬷˼ݡ
ǧλԪΪ⣬һӺߡ
ģҪĳ
һ棬Ҫֵд裬㵽Ϊֹһ棬ȴҪಫ
νϣӹ£⾹Ȼ浶ǹݣ
⡭
ìأìأìأ
⻹ìܵĻǷݵλһˣ
ҵ׸һأ
Զ׼ì֮ҶЦ޿ɱ⵽˲ʣĳȴһ䶼ûнͣûиġ
ֱӷһµ
ˣظģǬݣǳ飬䣬ģ־ƣţΥߣԶͣ
˼ʱ
˱ʾŭ˵̬Ⱥԣ
һë
֪ɶԳнֹ
˽⣿⣿Ҳ׼ʣ
ҷˣ
һȥ˶ʱ˾˵˼
ǾϴȻˣҲҪأأûκνͣӲҪͣ
ҵݸģ
ҵ޿ɣ
ҵҪô⣬ǵ⣬Լķͺã
Ȼ˵³֯ѣ𷴸еġ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ󻩣Ȼ˽ġ

ˣ򲻿°ѶϹĹүӼˣһһץסҶЦ˵ʲôҲˣ㡭ôɻ޴ӵģ
ҶЦüүӣڴš
үŭʲôţһȥȻɾڲ粨ٷɢ޴඼Ը޷֮˵ĶֺڣѪҲ࣬ڱ֮һղס֣Ʊػຶ£״ǲܣǳƲãƲãµģ㷴ͷƲŬʤߣϣǲأУиԤƲãֻźԽԽ࣬һôѡ񶼲Եѡ⣬¼ѿ׶ΣϽס˾ͻ֪ܸᷴĪɣһλҲһζһξ飬ˣ
ҶЦżͨүӣԼһƪۣɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ҶЦڿȷϣүίʵȫԼߣΪԼ顢״ˡ
ҶЦҲͲˣү˵ȻŪǰһǼƲˣӦ˵ҿӪģ£Ҫ״
㲼һ֣ΪʲôүһĲ⡣
ΪҶЦɫҪȷһЩ顣


90 ֮
΢֪ʹүƺ˲ʲôȴƺʲôûס
ȣǰע˵ģΪаնžߣʹصˣҲܾȵûνźһʼͲ֣
ξ͸򵥴һ㡭ҵֱʣһȻǰҪྶͥìܣϸѭҪǷֳʤʤ̭Ҫƾǵ㵽Ϊֹ֮ԼϺΪҪЩھڲҲҶԼֵͬ¶ֵȫΪߣʵǿҶԣû塣
ҶЦЦЦΪҵĿģҪǰЩ˵ҵĵϵҲİףҪ֤ľ֧Ĵԣܴκλ١
үӱ飬Ȼ׸ףҵĶŽ۵Ҫԡ
ҶЦŹүӣһ֯˵ҵİ׶Ҫԣ֮أα壬Ȼᴫλεĵһս壬ȴڴɳ
İɣϡҶЦϵĿŹүӣҶĶ

֮󣬹үȻ겻ѣ˼ҶЦҶĶ仰
ҶĶ
˵齫ʣΪղѾ͹ˣ׸ԣʵǡϵ⣬Ҷ
Ķ
ҶЦȻᣬȴܹ鿴ô͸ܿɹ˵֮Ϊǽ׳λε⣬˵ɳ
ôĸĿģȴǡҶЦҪĲһɣҪΪԺǧҵ»ΪʵĻ
ɳ
үӲȥˡ
ܹɾһ˱ҫĴ֮λĴɳ
ĴֱʣһţҲǹˡ
ûмܹջ֮ǰܹ鵭Ȼ
ҶЦɸѡ£Ȼ壬ȫ֣֯£
£ۼһ𣬱˴ͬͬ£ܴʲôľ棿
ҶЦ˵Ӧ֪һ֯˵Ұ׶Ҫԣ
֮أ
壬ү˾ô֪ܲ
ĵϵүӿ֮࣬Խ̾˿
һ罫ҾͶעǱĬ˴Σ״ݱ˹Ǹ廹Ͷ֡ôֻ¾ġҪүľǾᡣ
Ҫ˵ؼҵ״ʵҪ࣬ϾѾ֣ǣЩ߶ȴûб¶һڹ˽ܱ¶״
˽ؼڱ¶߶ǿƼĻƱػҵĲҷҲǹؼһҳܲġ
ڹȴǸӲܱ¶ؼҰֽݶǺְԱһӦԱһΪս֣Щսʵȴӵһ˾ʵؼʲô뵽һǡпɣĿ
˵ؼһʼפĳ˵ѾݱԸﻢµĸ֡
˼ȥүҲֻһ롢Ѽ޼ƿʩ

ա
Ҳպ쳾֮Ϊ濪ˡһ죬ʽˡ
һ죬³
ȣ³ҵչ
£쪣ˬƣһƬտ˵ĺ
ǰճһƬأаɷԲȴ
ѾΪõرǿôҶϣƺһ⣬ͬηһ˷
ԶԶȥͺյǳһϻۣεΪۣ̾Ϊֹ
˿̣ҶЦʹžвƮУذɣƾն
ҶЦ۾ȫעõǿô֮ϣӦ˵ǿôϣ˸ͬǳһĹ⻪˵ע
ɫʡ
ܲ˲֪ԼΪʲôҪһҪרעȴ籾ܣȫͶĹš
λҺСʱһ˵Ҳ֪ڳλû˵
ҶЦͳ۾Զעǿô⣬˵˵ϣÿһɹ֮ʿϵ·ÿһ˵ӵ䱾ǳĹʡ
˻ţӢ۸ϵıǳҲ֮âɣˣǳᰵһʡ
˶΢΢ͷ
˵ں쳾㣬ÿ˶˵
⵹ǰ㲻Ϊġ
ֻȴ֪˴˿˵ⷬʲô˼
ŴҲ֪ں쳾֮´еͼλ档ҶЦУǾˣʥѷ׵ĴڣԼ֪ǲɣʥǵͷԾɻǳ
ж־ķŮҲػ¡ǳѤ貣ǿԸȡһţΪ˿еĴ˵
Ϊµ񻰣
ҶЦͻͻĻһӵȼͷĻ档
лɾδ˵˭Ҳ
ãɾ˾󡣡ҶЦãôһų棬ĳ֮˵ǵĸ
ÿһƬҶϵ⣬ҿһǳĹʣ
ÿһƬҶӵ⣬һǳĹʣ
仰Ŀ⣬רעعǺƲһ˷Ҷ
ǵأǣǵǳ
𲽣֮·ࣻպǳɾʹҵµʱǣޣǣǲǿգǾǳ󺣣
ҶЦתڿƮƮ磬ϬɨԼǰһǧ߰ٶ¡
ÿһ˶ͦñֱĿƣ
ҪĴ֮λϹСʮҶЦĿɨһ飬һ˫ۣǣʮ
ΨλãһΡ
һˣ䣻˫ˣɷ֮ˣߴʮˣԭָʮ
մսʤ̭սʤߣȻΪµ
սգʤλλάꣻ󣬴֮սϣӹ¡
Ҫõ֮λҪƾԼʵԼȥԼȥ֮⣬ûеڶ·
ʵ֮һӦııóڴλ֮սս֮У
һƬž
˴˼ʵĿͬ˸˼˼Լȥȡʲôаա
ȻҪһ䣬һ˫֮⣬ʮλãҪи෽Ŀһ㣬λҪϸһ롣
֪ʲôʱʼϿʼʮФʣڵʮãĳԾǶӦʮФ
λҪ׵һǣţãߣ򣬺ΪʲôܹΪʮФȴûѡУ
ˣȸȡЩǿûʸУ
ҶЦĿ⾫â˸ɨˡ
Ҳ⡣
ڳȻ֪ʮФʮФѡеģĶ˿ҶЦһͻأʣʱ˶ϻʡ
԰Ϊʲô
ˣȸȵνЩ˵еޣԶȴûнʮФУȻţЩѰȴƫƫܹУǷĺѰζ
ѵڲ֪ôЩǿ
ǲܡ
ԽǴ˵ڲŸ˽ǣٸñȵ˽
Ȼ֪˽⣬ȴΪʲôûѡЩѡ
Ҫ˵ʮФ֮оףȴҲԣǿߵȼ֣лߣ׺֣ڶжǼʢޡ
ҶЦʵĿУȻڴˣҿΪһ˵ҵ֪ҵܼ򵥣ʮФӦʮֶԵ鲻ͬϰ߲ͬ·Ҳͬ
ҿʮФƢԸ񣬻ϾѾӵеĸƢԸһ򾡣ʹθߴҲãԶҲգǿУظȱʧ
ʮФԸص㣬ԱܶصȵȣҲеĹְλҪԣһ򾡣
ԣ֪ʮФΪʲôҪѡʮֶĸԭڡ
ҲΪ֪ҲսҪֳʮÿڵĸԭ򡣡
ͬɣҪλΣҪףõĻְʲôģԺҪĸչǾʮս֮λĵһˣΨͨ֮󣬲ʸμʮľ
ΣΪҪıеܹһ棡
ڿʼ
ҶЦ˿ʼ֮ԴھŷΧ֮У˼һȶ
үӵһڲŵţҲ˼ţ˼ҶЦղ˵ÿһ仰
үһ˼һ߿һ˫ۣǣʮЩλ֮ϣиߵλ֮衭Ժ
ôʲôεô
ʮФƢԸص㣿˵
衭
һߣүҲ˼
üͷ壬źӣһ˼ĶףȻ۵أ˵Ҳô£ǡ֮λ衭˻
ͻȻ䣬֪뵽ʲôͻȻɫ䣬ȵʶһ£һƳףԼקһ±⧲үԼ۵ý
ϻôˣҹ֢ôһߵүӵʵ
Ҷϻˣޱȣ侹ȻקԼĺӣоĳ̶ȿ֪ʲô뷨ɵ÷ʵ
ҲʱĿתƹһͷôôʧ̬ҶСӵĹ۵Ȼ߽ģҲûô𺳰ɣ
ΪʲôүӿԲʱ˿˿ȻԼովİ׺ӣΨ̬ʧǡ겻Ŀ
ʲôϡ棿ֵôС֣үӺһүһ䡣
ʲôϡ棿ƾ˼ʳһʣǧ˵ԼͷˣүЦһžүӣû쳾죬Ϲмλߣ
˭֪Ҳֵһʡ㡭ү˳ڻشͻȻҲʶʲôɲǼɫ䣬ٲ֮ǰЦɫ
үҲһɲǼɫ䡣
죡
£ֻƵ֮ҶҲֻ߲֮֮ʵ
ȻҶЦ˼ȴԼľˡְλ
һʼʱֻһ˫ǵȡûνġλΣ
νȻǺȥġ
ȻǺȥλΣȻǾ˼ǵĿòȥġ
Ϊʲôǡ塯ֻɺϣǿΪأ
ǡλãھǽھλΣζʲô
ү˵ѾʼЩˣ̺ʲô뵽𣿡
ͷճɵɵĴסˡ
ڡеһսѾʽʼսݺ˸Хͬźıѩһ㡭
⼸ϼһﶼûвֲ˼֮У



91 λ
һλ֮綨һ
ֵԨsţսߵ
λ֮սʽĻ
ػ֮У˸
˼ʵĶ֣һ꺺ӣк񱳴󵶣׾ͣƱˡ
ȻһֲŲУ꺺ͻȻ䣬ʹϰܡ
Ϊ˽ݣԷȴѾ䵶ȫֵ֣㵽Ϊֹԭ飬һغ߾Ȫˣ
⺺ӵʵΪۣܣ֮ǰһֱΪΪԪƷԼѷɫ࣬һ·ֱжܹ뵽̶һµʱȻԪƷΣ
ѾΪֹ߳һ
߽ϵ仹ǴһʵѾԼ֮ϵĶ֣ܲܣ
ǺҲǾþս֮ˣβ֪о֪⣬ǿٴȥֻгķݣ̹ȻϰܣսⳡѷĴλ֮ս
ԳսΪ㣬һ˵ʹ̣
ĵƺѾȥһľ磬ȫԸ֮£һսϤ޵£ȥԽսԽ£Ȼֳս޲ʤ̬ƣ޿ƥС
ҶЦŰӣǰһԡ
Ľȣ뵱ǰֵ״ҶЦԤ֮УֻҪ̫⣬Կסһλ
ҶЦĿǰΪԾɲզأʹͻƣԪΣȴԾֻԪ磬ʵ޵ĺܣȴѰÿֻҪۣжϳ˫Ӯ£ΪֹްУ
ԼҶЦҲв죬ԼԭԪεʱ򣬹Ԫߵ״ʵΪȫȻһĨڣԷĹ̶ȡٶȡɱˮ׼ȫȻ֪
ǰһͻƿԪ֮ҶЦȻԼھԪߣ綴ۻȫһĿȻϸţһ⣬ЩΪѾӽԪ塢ʥԪҲˡ
ҶЦԼǲ죬ڿӹ껹н֮ҶЦóһۣԼֻҪһµĴ󾳽磬ͿԼʱϤþߵΪΣʵˮ׼ڸ߾пˮ£ʲ壬òʵ
⣬ҶЦһķ֣֮ʱĵԪ֮С΢ɡڵǰ֮أ˵֮أ൱֮ء
ȻδУһ̽ʵҶЦԼеԼҪǽӦʵսĻȻԼֻԪƷʵȴԿɺɨԪߣڵǰԪߣԼԿսʤ֮Ȼֻ²⣬δʵ
ճжϣҶЦǳ˵Σֻ췽ҹ̷û˸ô룬أۿս֮ҶЦȻķ֣ս֮£仹ڶսߣκһʩչ硰΢ɡ֮УҶЦԶ϶ս˫Ǳ䣬ضԣΪ䱾սߣǴӡ΢ĽǶȿǴ̫̫ȡʤĻᣬ˵Щ˾Ȼȫͨ΢֮
Ԫ߲ͨԪġ΢֮Ȼ˵ȻǰҶЦھ෬۲֮ȷʵңҶЦɣЩԪ߲ͨ΢ֻ֮ꡢнҲδ΢֮ҶЦûеʶʥߵĳ֣ҲֻƲ⣬Զ϶
ֻһֲ²⣺ѵô಻ͬ
ȻΪ˿̵ҶЦԪ߿ۻڱԹгֵĲгĶһţȫ©
磬ΪʤֶΡôĳЩˡֻ֪ԼˣȴҪöԷʹɱֵ⣬صĳЩˡ
һһ
Щ֯ڲԾɱоԱǽϰʹȻ˵ƢԹԣҶЦЩ˵ֶؼ
Щˣõ뻢ããܴɱΪһҪ񣡡
ҶЦȨš
˭ȫʤվڳУֵ֮˰ȫ
ڳ˲һӦ˿УԵľ֮⡣
վսȻȫʤѵȫûº֣սߣ˵㵽ΪֹĻԭ
ػ֮С
ˣһԡ
ҵĵػ֮Уػػҵֵܣҵսѣ
ˣĵʵ˭ҲҪһ֣

һߣɷ֮ͰҪԵĶ֣Ҫ࣬һǵľʵҪ䲻ֹһһȴǵıǵ
򣬺쳾죬Ǻ½ٷñʮ֮϶ýģõµһʹ⼸ѾһֹֹʸʵսĵͣҲôһС飬бǮսɷ˵߿ɾ̫ˣӦ϶ҪΪѶ࣡
ǻְλΪɷֵѹĻ˻δֵܹ֧
Ƚ˫ۡλξݱʮᣬ˺٣ҲǺܼҡ
Ϊʮ֮һȻλͬʱҪÿڵԱĴֹǱҪӵеġ
ӵλͬʱ赣Ρ
ҹﶼǽӣ˵ɱɱҶ˵Σһʣȴδ˭˵Լܹ
ԣܹʸбǮʮģЩԭǸÿڵϴһھ˼֮վλ
羺ģд׶죻׶֮ԻᾺλãΪԼ䣬Լֵܵĸ飻ôʱģ㹻仢˾ÿڡ
þ֮ࣻоԼĸնΪϲгֵģõֶʵ̫ˣ˭
үϸӹһԣż¼ͬʱʱʱĸ̾ç֮ǲԻÿÿֳ˾޵Ļ棬˶Ŀһ£̾
һ˫ǣĴֻֻǸ䣻ȻʮҪ쵼ԵĿˣ˶ܹʤεġ
ڴ˿еվЩְλĽɫǶй濼ǣȷԼʤ࣬е֮νȫѼ
ãְΪߣߣֻΪʳߣߣһȻȺޣֻɹʧܣȷϡԻҽ֮Ρ׶졣
֮ǰ֣زʮФʮиԣΪְԱְãһãص㣬ǿɱְᡭˡ絶ҡ
ְΪ֮˿߶˴֮⣬м֮ءΪ֪ԣԣְΪñְΪҪˡ
ְţ֪ţǺʵְΪţһԣְǿԵΡ
ְãְΪߣ䣬ǴɱĲѡǱְԡࡣ

үӶϾλߵľѡһ߼¼һвס̾
ЩĶȻƫ棬Դֲڣȴȡ֮㼯˼֮£ĻΣѾ˵ۺϳ͡
һʱⵯָţ˼ҹʱ֡
˿̵ĺɷ֮ǱˣţȴڳУ˻ߵĺʵ˭˭ҪҾ˫λ
ΣӦ
һߵİŲǵߵɷ֮Ȼֹ˶ƣȴڳ³һ
һЦ
ӶЦȻ̫ȴеɶģ˿̶УΨһظ
һۣһο飬ڳŹˣ
ǡ
ڡΧˣ
ǵǣս˫֮λ˭
ˣ䶨
ϲ㽨ĵѾ¡
һ䡣
˫ۣɷ֮
ǣֱΪ࣬޳诣ᣬϹƣȨ۰Ȫ⣬Ȼ棻⣬ɡ
λԪƷ֣С
⣬֪ɺϻôģ߸˵ıͬ
޳Ϲƣ۰ȪǹȻꪣ棬ĳɣõıȴǹ
߸վһʱ򣬸˵Ĺ۸мֱ廨ţ˶Щ塣
ҶЦȴǰһ
ȴԼ֮ǰ׼õ󷨡
ǳν󷨡
ҶЦ֮ǰڵģֵıﲻͳһۿۣϾ쳾߱һ˵̫ģƫƫһЭҪ֮߶˵󷨡
˼ʿ߸ֵı֮ȴֱӷġ
ֱ죬з֮ĬƱظЭôᷴأԭ⡰󡱵Ḷ́Ҫôǲȫʹͬıȥһȫһµ뻮һ֮ʦ֮죬Ǿնҵ·ӣȻ󡱻һϷʽǾκ˵ıֱͬȥһˣ棬Ȼǰʵȴ޷ɱʮԱۣʵԶǰ߸ѣÿ˱죬ѵã񳯻ԵɺϣǰԱþϣڵ棬ǳ״ҶЦĹǡ
ʮԭнʮȥ߸׶ȡ֮ɹλ
ȡȥλԼЩûսɹģҲ٣ˣλͱȻҪǡδûоĻᡣֻҪڽȥʱ̿Ŭʧ֮۵Ĵ֮λδؾͲػԼС
˵ˣǧ׵ǧҵϢֹֻܶҪȥһԼҲܳΪ棡
ߺߡ


92 ҶҺˣ

λ֮ս˳ĻԲᣬΪҶЦʢϯΪλףҲǾһδ۲͡
Դ˵ȴԴȥˡ
ǼͷȴԳĬվڴӺ棬ĬȻ
ȻСѾԾ߹ģ걸ˡ
Ѿνϵˡ
δɳЩϰ߶ġʮ֮˾ŶѾѡ
ֻҪ׳󣬾ǿָտɴ
ô죿
ǰҪô죿

ĳȻСڸ󳬼УԾֻһЦʹ˲ལЩ˵ĵ£ԾûбС
ЩǹڵĻ㱨УֻһһϾķҳʮʮ֮Уֻռе֡
ñĴࡣ
Щʩѹٷӵģݣɢ̲ǹϲµָʾ
ֻҪûйʵвģδҲ޷ӹǷڵĴǰᣬߣϳ͡
ֵܻӦԷ롣
ǣӵܹвǵʵ˵ǷƸ¥̬ȡ
ڴ£µؼ֪İ׹ӣǻ纣Ųߵİ׳Ҳûע⵽Ǳв
ȫûʶδһȻԼƤӵ£׳ɳ
鱨ϵͳ©
ռ鱨ĸˣһ֪׹ӣˣҶЦ˳ЦĻ׹һ֪˭ҲһӦԣҲ˵ľһ˳׳
ϧֽ׶εľ󣬰ڶûзڷƸ¥һУοһҶЦ
ԣˣҲ
Щĳ֮⣬һЩСǱڱЩѹȵ״̬֮УӦά裬Ŀѹһ£չһʵһԼѹ
ȻԾֿòƺܺ۸Եõ𽥵ע
⡭ոշδϵҪ͵ߵʳ
״ڵǰķҳǶԣ̫Ѱˣ
ȻҳǴһƬңս໥ڳϾˣѪҺСʼԾ񣬲ལŵĴ֣£뿪ڵأǰĵڡ
ȴôһˣĸӣʩʩȻĽҳǡ
յ֮ǰķҳǰ
һ꣬һʤѩ£񣬽üĿȳף˵磬Σעŷҳǵı־
У˸Եɫ
֮Ǵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʮȥȴ֪˭ǵãҳǣҶҵĵ̣
Ҳ֪ĴҶ£߶ڲڣǲǵԣ
ʮʱ޵ԼѹҶֳ徣Ҵ˷ʷᣬʢΪҶҵĴ쳾죬ҴĻ
ҶҵĻԻͣȻҵ֣
Ҷ࡭ˣ
Ŀ䣬ڣ¶һ˿ĵЦݣһֵʮĿӡĵ׵Ŀĺ˵ǽȥ
ȥȡǵĶ
ǵҫ
ǵУ
Ѫ죬Ѫɡ
һսĿѪȾɱ¾ս
ҶЦ˫ϣڸ߿֮ϣ΢΢׸ҵһĻޱ飬оǵȻ
ɷ֮ͰһһվȻ
ѾǾʱӭĵս
ھѰѸţ˼ļɵ죻֮ǰʱһձ⵽ǻǻ᷽ȻԾսж󣬲δܶԾκЧ˺󷴿ΪɱϮɣһٽ֮Ȼҹף˷ȫʤһٷ̲֮ʣһЫﾹʱϮ
Ы͵ϮͻأʱǾΪȫʤȫ´ף֮ʱҶЦȴԤһ㣬Ȼ·÷֣Ы֮ȫϮɱ
ҶЦΪһʵ˱ΪԶʤ֮⣬ʤȴͷĻҶЦıս֮ѧѵҶ洫Ҷʮɾ߳ɻеģ޼ĻĻı֮翴Σ
ǰʱҶЦ񼣬ǰҲһȽǿƵɣĪ˵֮ľ󣬾֮ԭĺڷɽвǰӽˮǱ󵼡
ǵ˴ڣôԷԾ󷢶ʱȻѡڼʱ̣ôռȫʤҹף֮ʱɾǲ֮ѡ
мڴˣҶЦʩԲãЫ顣
ȻͨЫһսҶЦַһִЫʵȻǰ֮ϣںڷɽϵĶЫԾйеĻôҲĴ㣬ϾսǴԺڷɽսΪ壬ڷɽԭսֻǾսһֶѣս͵Ϯ֣һʱսҲγһ浹ֻҪ治ңЫȻ⵽ɣ
ȻЫܹǰΪȷ棬ͼԴ⣬Ǿ;ĴȫսôΨһĽ;ֻУеķں󲼾֣ЫǣȸԣЫܹսǲҲ޷ģֵĵķ
ʵҶЦϣһҹսЫ͵Ϯ֮ڵշʱֵ֣ĵķʽǳӭ˾ҵս
޽֮ǰʮλеĵĺˮɣȻڷɽЫͬΪ˼ҺˮӶʵսɷǺڷɽЫɱȣ֮һҲֻһ̣֮ڡ
ʵھ֯ûпɱԣ˵ǿᡣ
ҶЦԴ˲⣬ǿ󵼣ЫҲǰ㾡ȫͼϹһۡ
⾡֮еıȻһսھԿ˵Ǽ
һƥһĵȻ˴ڿлΪһѪɫ磻ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʽԷˣѾ;ĩ·ɱһ߾£˵֮࣬Ъ˴˳ײ˶Է˵İΧս֮С
һƬ죬һһͷ𣬵䣬һѪӵ¡
һʤԷ֮УӦĺˣһؿѪ˿ڣɴ۾ȥ
ģ˷˼״۾ˡƷһƴ֮š
ǰһȻնˣǿгսţƴȫʤռϷ磬ʵȴһʱȻڶʵԶԤʹɹϮɱһˣˣҲδռʤƣ˼ʶԷЯǿƷˣֵһٶ˥ߵĵڣէ٣
Σ̣֮б׶һ𣬻ʮ֣ǿƵסǼƴ֮ˣԱߣжĵһ˼ĽǶȣһŵкȥ
֮ˡ
ˣȫྫģҲΪЩԱΪ˸о쳣ÿڡ
ÿ֮ˣ£һһȫĽɫ
˸Ϊףȴ潻սսģʽֻѰ϶֣ܵķλУ䣬ƻΣȴֶ֮ǣһбգȻڣǧĿ귴ɵĻᡣ
˽ǵ˶̾ȻȺ֣֣ۡͦȴһƶһˣȴҲһĶߡ
Ȼڵǰս֮УõĶȴνһģս߲ÿǿᣬɱеЧȴܹŵǰ
սǿĻã
н򸾣½λʥ֣־ϲʥΪֹûг֡
λעŶԷûгֵݡ
ԷǿһӦ֣»ûжʥ֮֮£ԸӦԷλʥߡ
һԷʥ֣߳˷ҪԶƣһʥɱ̫֣ƽתֱһʰ
ûκɣûκԭûκι˼ɡôһսҶЦעŶԷǰûжӪǶԷʵؼڡ
ΪսսΪӶᣬΪռС
޽
죡
䣬һڲУһнС
ûκɿɽ
ǿΪ𣡡
УʮֻĸÿڣÿֻڵȺ
ԷȻۺʵǿᣬĿǲƣܳսһսԱĿȴࣻٱȾҪٵöࡣ
սˮǱߵԽԽԣЩԾζ
սɻս֮в˵ģսˮһֲЩʱϾ᣻˶δǱͻȥֳտ״ûʲôԣһߵ״ȴǺܲԣܲ
Ĳս֮Ϻ쳣ͬҪһĸߺսƴˣҲҪԼߵĳһָɵսԣ޲ף˵ǿĻսǡƴҲ˵ģͱ˻ȥ˵ƶۣ㲻ҲҪܳʱ䣬пܸԭǴ˼ʣǲƬ̹⾰˾Ȼֻ³սϣӣδˡ
ԲǸһ粻һ㣬ٴζ˻ĳϴ򷨿˵ʤƫƫЩ߾ûһضһܽвƣʱͻƴ֮һӵϣ˺ֵ
Ȼһȥˡ
ǧҺ˺ð죬һֿ״ңһ˺Ѫ״ݵȥԱԴԴϣǵ˵ˣһҲûһûȥתֻˣɫʢƲڻ£Ѫ
ˮɵȴѾٶ
˵Ծأ
ԾԷлҩˮһڷӦ
ʵһλУʮҽֶ֣ŵ˵̫ţΪԶﴫֻ߾ǾƣŪ飬ڿԷȻоʱȫȻˣֻҪһϢд棬ѸٻѪԷд֣ǸǴ־ս϶УҪ֣ȫѹȥԳɱΪȣ˲ʤ֮
˷Ȼϼѣˮɵİ۹һ֣ȫ׸󣬲ԷǸõĲҽһҪţϧһдҲҪ׽ΪãֻҪմˣˮ˺󽫾ˣŪ޽ƣ
ǣ
һ£ˮȫ涯ֺѹѹĳ˹ȫԸɱ
ȴڿնſ֮ףδһɿǰıҶЦʱо˲ڱǽͣ
ĳλʹΪȾԪΣֱʥԪƣδǾ죬ǿӵĶ
ɱ
нһһȳ˳ȥӭС
꣬Ҳ֮ʮ֮ʣµİ㳲
棬ֻкɷ֮ûгҶЦ߻ȴȫԱ
˫սʹչ
ֻ˫˶ûע⵽˫붯һ˲䣬мžεӰϢսѸ˺֮У
սսּһ˲ÿǰҡ
˫һһ𣬺Ϲʮλʥͬʱ֣Ѫˡ
Ϊ껹ûоͷĳ˵ҲͻûлֵָģֻһͨʹͨĳУȴԾͬħŭţŭһ·ɱȥһҴ󴬣һʻƽˮ棬˻
ٷ֮ĵ˾ͬǱСҲƣˢˢ൹ȥ
ǰ裬
һˮʥȣݵò㣡
ԹЦ
˵ͻȻ˴һŰ貵Ľ籩ȥǲʾͬʱӭײ
š顱һ죬жӺһ㷭ֱʮɣһѪ˳ѪλʥȴһҲûͷβֻǻһ£˶ѡ
ˣ
òƻúܲң
ˣ˵Ϊòһ粽Ƶĺˮߣէ״Ǵͷ­ţȸλȻϸϸѪߣͻȻȻըһ⣡
ǰʥ߾ֻ˻ߵıƳһ仰ꡭ㡭ġ
Ǿ仰û˵꣬Ȼһ飬û֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ˮɵλʥּȻѡרŶԸ꣬ʵȻǳͣͬ죬عƣٺˮڲ֪ж൱սŻİš
ʵϣʵΪҲȷʵҪȲ߳λѾʥƷߣ
Ǻˮ֮е֮ĵһ֡
ΪҲ˵ǺˮɣϾҲЫζһݵģ
һߣ԰Ų֮£ΪԶԶĲ꣬һ
սڳ˶Ϊ֮Ȼ
ǲ˼顢ŵ顣
κһ㷭ֱʣ͵һѪ֮࣬㼴߷ݰ´Լʮ֮Ȼָƽ⣬žһгٶȻһ貵ĹǷ׹֮ƳзȺ֮Уɱ䣡
ҶЦһı仯չ۵ף´̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦڷҳǶԽãں쳾ʵλȻ˽Խ࣬Խ˽⣬ͺñȲꣻΪȻھƹڣҶЦʥߵ˽ۣĳ˵ΪȻԶԶηĵزȻͻ֮ʥƷ֮ĵ¡
ǲ굱ֻʥһƷʱ򣬾Ѿɢ޷ưǰܶʥΪƷϵĸ߽߶ûܽ񵥣
Ҫûʲôè϶˵ȥģ
ҶЦڿԶԣ꣬ŲΪ֪ĵơƣܴݵԽɱˣһޣսܱ־󲿷ֵǰµʵƣ˵İԵ
ʵҶЦһΪԪ֮ȷԼһ۱ȫ涴ϤԪߵϸԪͬ޵ֿҶЦЦӢ۵ȫع飬ֱ˿ȴǾѣԭΪĸߵͲĳ˵ľʵǣ֪ǷҲаصƣԼäĿΪԼѾ޵ԪҲһִأ
ҶǷֹʱһߣܳΪɢ޷ưǰΪ߹ĺܶˣȴǰʮûн룬ǵǰص㣡
ҶЦ
вһ뷨ǲ˼ʱԽɱˣҪ֮ϵ𽣸ĻǼͿȷͬ޵˰ɣģʽȥȻΪһεĻô˵ٲĶô˵ȻδվסţȴδȫȻܰɡ
ҶЦ˼ʵսԼպΪֵܻԺΪսӳɼֵһϵ⣬עȫ䵽˲ߣȴһߣͬǹ֮
нֶϺˮλʥߣˮʵҪнʤһн򸾹ֶԵУĬʮ㣬˫֣ȴǳֳƾУƽɫսȻʥߵĵս֣ˮɵʥȴʥ߽֮䣬Īˡ
Ī
½ʥ߹־ϲŭųȥȴûü֣ǻûֽӴȴȻԷλʥڵĳ֮󣬾Ȼ
ǰԪʷᣬ˳ֿ
־ϲǰˡ
ΪʷλԪߣȻֱӽˮɵʥֵԴ
־ϲ˾˹ʣоʶһֽУ˾ʹ˴Ӱˤˤһףһֱµصһ˲ֻоԼһΡ
ڿһ½롢ĵجΣ
Ҹղſʲô
ôܣ
ôܻᷢ
ղһĻֱͺǣһͷϻǿԽһֻСã¶ѪڣɶȻһ̣Сһ죬ͷϻ̵ˣ
˵Υͣ
Υ͵Ĳֹǹߣнߡ
н򸾶λʥԪƷ֣˫ս൱£˼ʱսΣ˫뾡¶֣ԸߺսóԼѹ׵ľ
˫ʵΪۣнʹֺУĬǶԷΪҪʤ򸾲ֹһҪڶʱ¶ԷͲʵǴ˼ʼʥڶԷ־ϲǱԶսֹۣΨԼ򸾾˽֣תս
ؼʱ̣н򸾽߾ȫɱȥϣͼһҵʱȴ䣬ͽսʥһİ룡
ս˽˳óϣԹ죡
⡭ԴԽô
нʥߣȻԶ״ȻأԷ˶ڷ򸾶˵ɱϮȻûκηӦģ
ԷΪ֮ǰ䲻ֶΣôھʤһеڣͻȻʧȥ־˲ʱɱ
ʲôࡣ
޶ĵɻ󲻽⣬һֱԷʬ嶼ˣûлعκ󣬶תͷһֻǴ䣬ֱ췭ظľ޴仯


93 һ
Ŀкˮһֱ֣ͺǱѩһҲûжһڵʱȻ߽
ղǿƵĳˣԪߣ˼Ȼʬأ
ֻ಻ʮˣΧڸ翹ۿҲѾ졣
֣Ϥʬ壡
ػô죡нһ¡
ԾǰʵôҲô̵ʱְ
нԤУսܴһܾ˵ľ棬ھѾܲˡˮʼʹʥҩţ˼ҵأǿӲƴҲռ
ǰʵȴӶ˳
ʵн£ˮɵ˵ȳҲãȻ
⡭զ£
ôô̵ʱ䣬Ǳ仯˹ʲô࣬ôأ
Сˣ
޳֮
һŭʱҲʧ״̬֮еҶЦ棬ˮɵţ´˼Ȼױŭ״ĿųУܣŭ
˭˭ҳ͵͵İس֣ʲôӢۺú飡Щ޳֮ͽ֣
ԭƣǡȸںһŹһ̲Ыǰʹúˮɰٳ߸ͷһ޽һ֮УԼٰıݶΣȷһʧŷһƻ
صͷʵԼԤȫ㣣˼ʷǵ޷̲󣬷ԼѪˮɾȻҪһ
ţµǱģ
ԶֵĺˮڳΨһһսֹ̹֮ˣΪһֱעսʱԮȴ⿴ˡ
սУôž۵ߣƹһƶ֮ʱҲδȻںˮɵʥǿƳ֮󣬳˵һҲרԲǸΪùͻأ֮⣻ļˣ⼸˵
Ǽ˿ȫ̶ڸƶȫ޳ּ󣬿֮кˮɵ˲ʱʧȥʹ˴ľֻı¾ʹǼʥҲ⣬Ǽ֮ͬ޷
ʥʧȥ֮ͬǴ׸򣬱׾ٵɱҲͲǶˡ
תΪʤƵʱ߰˸ȴͬһɢˡ
ţصĿһˣסһλս֮˻һẉ̂Ȼʧ
ǵĳ֣ȴսֲ˾޴ã
˵û⼸˵룬Բܻʤ
ȻвڣԿٳƾɱʥǿߣн˼Һˮɵĵţֿ˾УԲȻսȥܵһһǾ㣡
⼸˵սȴݱ˽Ȼͬս
ţеĺ⣬ֱɽŭɶ
Ǿս泬ԼԤԼŹɣȸۣԼԵ˽ƶսʧԼ⣬ôԾǿûߣԼ֪ʵǿ룬תս֣⡭ף
ûôģ
ǳɱĹ֣޳ܰĻ쵰Ъ˹ţ·Ľšǰ󲻹һת۵Ĺ򣬾ʹһ֮˹¼ҹˣһɥ֮Ȯ
ˮи߲һս֮УϤ䣡
ҶЦüͷ˵ƾķϻɵ
ԭҶЦĻˣĶֻΪڴ˼ȴ˵ȴǲѼǴϷ֮ʣ˵õһ䵽·磬ʧ̬ˣ߷緶
꣬н־ϲһȣͬʱȥ
ţƴֿأһ߷ŭ׶Ѫ
ڣĽһҽ֮󣬻һƬޡ
УŵѪɫζ˱ǡ
ҶЦͷϣȻ֣ſԣƺʵ򡭡ûκע⵽ڿеһӦԪܣźһĹ켣ϤŶСɵۡ
ˡսı仯ʵǡнԴߵҶЦǰ
ҶЦɫҷȫʤô
ǣ˵Ǹн㶵˵š
һսҾ£ҶЦضĻ˵ȥ֮۹ͣ
һƬ
нķݿɶɷ½һ¡
нʱͣʱһŴ˵
ֻأԲ⣺Ϊɶʣɶ˵֪оҪ˱
ҶЦǻգ˴ɨս˫ʬһӦսʰͳһз䣻Ա͵ؽɢż죬Ϣ
нһڸĵ׵Ƿɻ󣻵ҶЦȴƺȫ⡣
û֪ҶЦʲô
аǰѰƣ֪ǲΪڽԺķ֮󣬱ȻСҪˣʵݴǲףںˮ֮£һȫԸֻǿֵУռƣ֮ʣսǰǰ쳣
ҶЦĿƵĹĪսȫ̲ɫ
ȫʤ֮󣬱۹ͣʼ¡
һʱĳսȺս߰˳΢΢ԺԲƣ
߰˸ɣԽİʵԽǿᣬһӵвѷɫڵǰսȻսȴһĶꪳɳȫû
Ϊڴˣһ˵ٶȼţ
һµʱӵеĵ
뻹ΪЩԱȽԶİɵ֮õͳĿǰпһƬĵʽĹ֮УݵȻѾ൱ռ˷ҳ֮һ
һ൱Ӵĵ̣
Ȼбףǿ𣬶϶ʱռټ̣޿ɱ˸ע⡣
ֵܻ׵һɽݶǿ𣬱ȻӰֵܻļȵ棬ֵܻ᷽ԭӺӲ⣬תΪ߶Ƚ䱸
ȽڸľעҶЦһ£һҪ飡
ͨһսţεԮҶЦڿȷǼȫںʵһֱͷĴ¡
һյİʱ֣ҶЦ֮ڣһƲˡ
ãǾ˵ĵط˼ȴҶЦ˷ã
ҶЦһΣĵط¾Ʋˣˡ
ҶЦдĿ˾ֻĸˡ
үӣүӣүӣүӡ
λүӵ֮ǰҶЦƲˣԡ
ǵһκԷҲһΰɣ
λ˼ˣҶЦѻһ̳ơ
ҺòײŴнóƣ˵Ҳû̳ˣ֮ǺþƾˣǺúúһ١
ҶЦ΢Цţʱλ˼ˡ
үӵһͷˮ
Ⱦƣ
Ϊʲô
һβ˵ĵطȾ硭
Χòô˵Щɣ
ƺɫཱུƣɢŨľ㣬һֻֻ֮Уζ˱ǡ
ҶЦȰƣҲؿ֮ԴԵøǢ
ҶЦݺ磬׿Ϊ۵Ļ۽ŷּʶǲ۽񣬴˼ʸ̸ۣȴǾ֣ҲǾµǳߣʶǹ㲩⼸˴һ̸۹Ȥ£ν˺ɡ
Դӵ磬ҶĳȴǻࡣҶЦ΢Цţ¶ɫִ˷̤쳾Ѿһʱˡһ֮ǰԪƷ΢ĩΪ磬䲻ھٲά裬ȴǡ
˲װȻͣβ˼ҰԹˣ㲻䣬ǿɾĵĲ£漴ĸ˾ͬʱԲӡ
һǰԪƷ
ǡ˵
ͬͷӹͷ˼š˼顭뷨ʱӯ
ǰʱĲװһǰֻԪƷʮСϺһֻСĽС΢Ψһ㲻ɱ֮ʱգѾԪƷˣʵ֮ǰȻǿ࡭ҶЦƱЦҡҡͷһо֪࣬Խ࣬ȴԼ֪Խ٣һ;ȴǼɬУһǧ
˵նƱһأԲ̾Ϣ
Ȼ֮гĳ˵̾ϢֻһƬž
ΪѾ׵ľˡ
ֻһʱ䣬һߴԭԪƷֱԪƷʲôٶȣһٶȣبŲһ񻰣
񻰣Ҳδظôд
Ϊٷ׫С˵־߻ǺעسʶԼ߼ԵģҶЦĽΥȫ߼ֱӾǲֵܳĽȣ
һ˵ԪƷƷһһԪߵĿ
ù൱һߣֹˣմһ޽
ԪƷƷһؿڡֵһͣͣǰ
ԪƷ۷嵽ͻԪһƷһؿһؽҪĴؿ
ˣֱԪˣ;ʹеزۣ
ؿڣˢ¾ųߣϾʶĿܡ
ԪƷƷͬһؿڣѾԪߵĹؿԪ;Ҫĵһؿ
ˢһĴɳܹ̤۷ߣȻҲ쳾˿ڻ˵ʵ̫̫ˣ
ҶЦܹһ֮УԽʮλнȣѾһܹݣԳԽνšššһĴڣֱӾǰ޹ˣҲΪ
һĽ˸񣬰ӵ
ү˰죬˵һ仰
ʵﻹǾãò˵û֣壡
̾Ϊֹ
ү˰죬ڳ͵ҶЦԼҵЩˣԭԼѾ൱죬ǳˣ˼ʸҶЦһȣøǸţƳһ㡣
˵̾Ϊֹͬʱ̲ס̾һ󱭾ƣ̾һ
˱˵ȻӣЩ飬ĵĲܱȽϣǿȽϣǾԼԼҲڣԼ£Ϊԣɲ֮
˹ϰרҵ˲ţҶʱ䣬ұһЩĶ߽ٽһתһ룬쳾ʼȭͷǵ磬ұΪǳΪıʣмڴˣøؼ֡ҶЦ赭д˵ʵ£ֻҪ㹻ģвĵ
Եʱһۡ
νվ˵ۣҲֻҶӲŸ˵仰ɣ
Ǹ࣬ƴŬѾ۲ԼΪǰôһС
𶯵һ̣ҶЦͻȻ涸Ȼһת
ǰЩ͵͵Ǿˣǵ˰ɣһƬǢ֮УҶЦɫЦݵʳһ仰˵ͻ
һʻթʵ̫ǿˣʹϵĳǸҲס
ǡүӼʶӦһ𱸵Ŀѹ
ϧԳ磬ݻ٣֮ӣ


94 ʲôѪƣ
ҶЦǱߵͷʾϣǼλЩʲôˣֻϼλҶĳˣʲôˣ
ɫͻȻ쳣䵭ղŵ洺ѵȻ޴棬Ŀиǳӵζ
ˣ϶̲ס̾һ
үӿЦһʸôɵǣ¶𣿡
λֹأز¶ҶĳУΪѰ˼ȫȻ죬˵Ƿ豹棬ԣҶЦ̾
ү̾һǱΪγɵ֪죬ĸϲΪҪ̫࣬ǿΣΪǳȻǵĹ̶ȣ㲻Ϊ֪ǣôµǼɣ
ȴǸΪԶ׼ү룬ҳǣ޽Ԯ֣һ˵̵ģмˣֻǣֻǲܣȻΨһĿܣǾֻˣҶЦͷ侲˵ʵǰʱбչ̫һЩЩԱҲ̫һЩ
˵ķҳ޽ĸפЩ߶ְԱһչʵʱ϶ûеȫܵĩ˵ΪǹүʾɣҳǳľʶǺټԱҲ˵ȥģ
ٶ̾˿
΢֪Ϥọ̈̄ղָǼˣȻ˵ǵˣҲ˵ǡүӵΪǼңǼҵˡ
ҶЦüŶ
ү仰Ϣ൱ĴǰءϡΡѾǰ϶ļңǼȴңϹ߼ңǰλүӵʵҪʤ࣬߼ΪֹչֵʵѾǳҶЦ֪˵صĵ̣ӵʵ߼ˣǴʲôɻԼмأ
ֻҪеͷԵˣ˼ʱȻɣ
ǵʣȻ飬ҵԭҲû̫ãֻǾõǰʱȻҵȲõĹϣԾͽҵͼ˵϶꣬Ҷҳǣʶ쳾֮λȻһֵ֮Ҷܳߴɽ߸ˣÿһǲ֣Ҷ£߶쳾¡
үӾгȻҶԼҶұ֧Լ֮߸ڷҳǳٲøִҳǡǷҳʮΪ쳾õĳеĸԭڡ
ʮԽ߸ڴڼԳ壬֦ɢҶݱҳǵµߴҪ
Ҷ£߶ҶЦȻֳһ˿Į
ʮߴ֮˴Ӳ棬ʵչ̨֮ϣֻǰƿŷҳǣӵܳȥҲķʽ
Ϊ߼Уʮתߴ񣬾ֻǵȴҶҴ˳ƣ
үӲΡΡĿҶЦڵȵ㣡߼˵㡭ԲܳκβΪ߼ң˵ҪҶңͬģΨһϣ
ڴţǴ֮Ҷֳ徣߶ٴʢ
ҶЦĬһ£߶Ǽң
ǹؼңϼңƼңμļ֮⣬ؼңңԼ¼ҡ
үӰ׷ȻȻ꣬߼ҵλ棬ֱǡɽңΪʥƶ·λꣻ칦ơ
⼸սǾڵʵӲҩж컯֮תΣ֮ʵֻҪδܿɿʧ̩룬ǰľѪǶν𣬵ǲУرЩҪʧ
ǻɣҰɳ֣ս֮У㸲սƽ⡭
ү˵ҶЦѾȫˡ
ֻǿүӵ˵ɫҶЦȴͻȻоһζ
̾һ˵λүӣ֪λǷЩ뵱Ȼˣֻ˵˼άϵäҶĳ˹ȻҶҵļ壬ҲȷҶϼ壬ҿɴû˵ǵ괹֮ҶĺˣҶЦȻʲôˣ֮ĻеģԸ̰֮֮ΪС
ҶЦ֪仰һڣʯ쾪û׼ϵļ޷ˣӵ˷ķ˳İɽΪǴ֮ҶҶҵĺˣСӾȻ˵㲻ǣǾûʲô˵ˡ
һζװͿȴֲҶЦΪˣһ˵һζڣǿȥպ֮գҶЦһ֮̾ʣԾΪΪýƣϵĿҲʤĨɱģۺƭ
ⲻܣһ뿪ڡ
ҶЦ̯̯֣λүӣνǧǱһʧֻԼֵʱ̫ɺϡĲǴ֮ҶҶҵĺˣӾλүӶҶĳ⣬Ҷĳ˾ģʵˣ˴λүӻǼ˭֮ҶĺΪˣ
үӴ㵱ϺͿôֻƾҶǡÿʮʱڷҳǾ϶ҶҴˣǻ˼򵥣еѪΪ֤ϿݣʣҶҺˣ
ѪƣҶЦȻһͻȻɴ󣺡ʲôѪƣʲô£
һ̣ҶЦƽ͵Щˡ
ҶЦ˼ʵļҷӦĸ˴⣬һ
үȻѵӾ֪ѪƵƹʣ
ҶЦֻоԼ۵һ̣ЩãȻһǰδе֪һɶԼԴͷĿܣʧ̬ʧ׷ʵѪô£
ҶЦԼЦ֮δ֪ʼչڻǿףˣҶ֮ǣҲôľת֮ۡҶЦʤһûûݵԼܹΪˣżȻһżȻıȻЦҶЦЦҶЦȻĳֹֹϵ֮Եʻᣬ컯
˿̣үͻȻѪƵϣȴǣҶЦĵݣ
ȽҶЦļãȻүӵҲһȻ
үӺүӰؽһ
үӰһ£ѪƣǵҶµĶһʮҶַҳǣǷ֮ʱ
Ҷ֣˵ҶѪҲ졣Ѫһ֣Ѫƾͻֱ仯̣ᷢȡ⡭
ԭˡ
ҶЦ۾ŬƽԼеļôҳֵʱѪǷ仯ˣ
Ǿʮʼûгֹ仯ѪƳֱ죬ҵȡ
šҶЦͷνȡǷҳǵĹͻȻı䣬ǿӪӢ۵ĸ֣Ϊ֮Ҷ̵桭
һƬ֮УǰµǧӴ𡣡
ҶЦһ
һʱ䣬Ȼ֪˵ʲôˡ
ľ磬ݲݶա
үӾүӵɫ
ҶЦ侲ͷԣҲһ̱£Щʧš
ΪԼԼ֮գƺҪҿˡ
Ϊ˵ԵҶϼԵһһеԵҪˮ棡

ҾãòƲԾ
仰ٶȴһ֮ʱү˵ġüͷ壬档
ԾʲôԾģѪƵ״ǸһͬȷϹģ˿˵ôԾ˶Ϲ۾ɵҶүбֵķҵһէүӵ仰ʱľŭ˹ȥ
ѪƵ״ȷʵ߼ҹͬȷϹģλҶӣȴʵ֡үź˵
ιȥˣ˾þöû˵
ٹãүȻվƺҪ˵ʲôȴû˵ڣڣŭһȥ
УֻʣͷԾǾþ

ү߳ţ̧ͷңΡӵľãڳ̾һ
ǰľۿţ޵УһһεĹפء
һֻԪΪСϺ״һʼֻкɷ֮һĸˣȻΪʮµʱѩһ㷢չ׳ڵ˹ģ
ҳ֮һôĵ̣
һ۲۵漣
һԼĿãۼ֤漣
еʵٳԼ֮⣬˼ĸ֣Ծɳǧ֮
ÿһԪϸ߽ߣ
Ѿһ൱ŵˣ⻹ֻǻھҶЦΪƣĿһʱ˶飬һģСİɣΪʮףǰ޹˺ߵĿֲȣ
ԴֻۣҪٸһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȥʥΣ浽ʱ򣬾ֻأ
ǾױΪһЩεľ
Զһ㣬ʱգλҶȥΪΣֻһʲôأ
ǱˣֱӾ붼Ŀֲ棡


95 վҪ
үصشӾڵ·߹;кʾ⣻䳡ڣ𻢵Уд裬һԼС棬Ϣ
ڲͻޡ
վڴſڸǼˣȫվֱֱģͷ϶һһҲ˷ѣΪļ
ΪһĿȻְλơ
ֻҪбǮܸһ
Ǵÿ˶֪ĺô
ĻƼ£ֻҪǻϽ֮ˣ˭᲻Ŭ
㾺ϸȻüĿǱĶԲ޵ģǴ޵ģȫîһܻøõԴ;ߵøԶá
ķΧ£ֻҪмķչʱ䣬ǰ;޿үӳ̾Ϣ
һ֮Уż˥ȴδлǱİɡַΧҸá
ҶЦΪߣӦõˣδزһƣЩɸһ𲽣һĵ׶ὫҪ֮Ĩ𡭡õķչȥ˵ϵ
ү쳤̾ҶЦıԶǣհԶй֣ԳǬľˣǲܳɾʹ²ǹ£һ죬ا䣬ȴǡ
үɫɫεʧ䡣

һҵĿϡ
һλ¹΢Цŵضϡһᴵš
ǹһϮʤѩ£Գ۷ֻôţȴҲܿõĽѵķȡ
ӣǱƺǲʲôһߣȻ㣬ͬĴݵ΢Цһ߰˳սžΣʵйٶһЩ¹ֵ΢ЦѵȤ£ô浹Ҳǲίʵһǰδе飬ô
¶ЦݣȻҪ棬ȻŹӺú棬һо֮УƬкη
òҲˡ
¹ӵ˵ϣ˵Ǿܾܲôġ
λէɫβֻеѶȡ
¹ӵЦЦг˵ڽϴôɢޣ񲻶ϧ֮ʵľƶҲ̫ɵЩľ񣬺ѡô
ţ󲿷ֵˣʶʱĿܡ¹ԵЦţˣΨ۵Թһ˿һĲм
ǰΪһļһԸ¼Ѿǵˡ
λϰȻɫ˿Ȼĵȴڸ̣ʶʱڽϻ죬ľǹԼһɵǽЩûˣֻ֪һζ׸ƣôЩԱʲôˣܹôһ¾˳ƹ鸽ģмõĻɫҪ˵ʲôǰ;ˣҶҹӿȣȴҲѰҹ죬ƽıȽϣǡ
ҹ
ҶЦ߳á
ӭģǲꡣ
ҶЦɫЩԾЩĵؿ˿û˵š
ҶЦ˼ͻȻʲôϲǿأҸ㿴Ҫһ޸Ͱ¶ȸˡ
һЦżżжԼҪĸԸϲɻû䡣
ҶЦЦЦ̧ͷ˵ûЦ˷޸Ľ֮ǰĶԼûϵֻǵҪ޸Ľ
ٺһЦ֪ٵȵȣҲ
ҶЦͷȻ㲻Ǿ͵ҰɡҵĳŵЧ
ģص˵֪
Ǿжˣ̾жˣϲ֪𣿡ҶЦĬһ£۾ҹڷ⡣
սüһ˫ǡҵĻϹǧ䣺УʥԪϵģңˣֱη򸾣־ϲԼ¼𸳡
ԪƷϸ߽ߣһٶʮˣԪƷϣٶˣģԪƷϣƷµΪǾΪ͵սֹԪƷ
ҶЦЦһ㾹ǵñһ
ЦЦԼļҵףȻҪף
漴ˣҸղ˵ЩнԭĺڷɽǱߵսȫϵĻǾнǧսȻǱߵۺʵƫֹԪƷ׼
ڵ̡ĵֻ̾ԭõĶأսڴӪȻֹǹܿصĵ̣ҲܲˡִȽϴ춼ĦҪȫĥֻ»Ҫһʱ䡣
ǾǰôҶЦ˼š
ܹ㹻ʱռǷչǵǰ;ǲġԵ˵ҼģǱҲϣչ׳֯
ǰҶЦ̾ϢһʱͿռȻǵǰҪĶ
ǿ϶еġ
ҶЦͷ΢Цһ¡
֪֪Լʱռ䣬ֻǲˡ
ǼңһֱûȻ˹Ĵ㡣
ƫƫڵǰʱѾļҶڱʵʱȴһ̬ͻȻ֣ȫ֮ǰһ̬ȡ
жȻⷢ
⾿ʲô
ԼϣֵǸ
ҶЦ̾ϢʮԼȻڡ
ԼҶ֮˹ȻɺϣҶ֮ȴɺϣ
Ҷң
ԴҶҵ֮ˣѾˡ
⼸εҳ֣ʵѾһźš
ǰɶӣȴΪҵ֮մһҶЦһ⣬һδϣͻȻоһ׶ʹ
ǰЦױΪ¶һ˵룬˶һҶƼȴͻȻ֪ǸĪѪƣԼѪӦ
ζʲôִʲôҶЦ
ҶЦǡ
ȻҶϼ彫ǵļ崫˳˶Ȼһٮٮߣ˳˳ͣͬ٭ͬʱҲζ˴˱ȻҶҵи߶Դ
ױߴ࡭
ҡ
ȴֻСͯҰԣ巢Ʈ
ƾʲô
Ϊʲô
ҶЦһĿĺ⣬һ̣ϵɪϢԵĲҲо
һɾԼǿ
ļ죬ҶЦһһζפ֮вҽԾɽӴһûв˱ҲͷǱ֮ǰŬ̶ȾǸ࣡
֪ǲ޾ռеҶЦʵԸռ䷴ԽԽŨԵģǶ󼱾Ҳ
ҶЦʱȻˣʵΪֻԪƷ֮ΪҪں쳾ԣ첻ţһë̫һڶ㲻ϣǶ۵ӴҶЦôҲĲ˶ٵģӦ÷˵ҶЦܹɶǶܹṩ
ֹӳ֮£񹦵£ҶЦΪͺһ㣬ۿɼľٶȣ
ԪƷһҪں쳾ԣȻʲô첻ڵͽ߶ԣȴһ൱ֲļȻҶЦ˫ңؼӳˣԾ̺һֻö̶̼죬Ծ޷
ҶЦԼȡΪе⣬Ĺ̽׶Σ޷һ
ҶЦѾظоԼĵϢԽԽ׳ˡͻƣһξ룬Ҫһʱ䡣
ҶЦмң²żԼĽѾ֮˿ٱǧǴ˼ʻҪżٲأֹˮͰǰв
ʱҶЦս˾˵ĽȫΪĵҩֱĵҶЦʱСۡ
ҶЦԴ˲ʲôо
ҶԱΪУԼԣԾԣǴĺ£ֲΪ
˵ˣҩɽҩۻףռ鵤ÿ춼ڳʱÿһξս֮УմνǴãؽųԱˣҪʳƵҩľͷǰ鵤Ĳб֤
ΨнӥڿռŨ֮£ǵûѣ˯ԽԽǳʵˡ
ȴҶЦԽӥڴ

һա
רĵȵҶЦлȻֻоһ𵴣ǽԲƵӤС˶ͻȻϽɫȻ˾ñյ˫ۣ۾䣬ؾڡ
֮һϢô͸ֳ
ɲǼ䣬ҶЦоͱ֣ͬʱѵĸо
漴ͺ͵һֵز֮ͻȻը
һ
ҶЦͷԶоһѣ𶯡
ԭͣ͵Ϊƿʱͻƣ
ҶЦΪͻƣԪƷ
ǱеҶЦ۾âϬޱȣȻϬĿһţâһ
ΪҶЦͻƿΪͬʱһ쳣ǿϢͻȻϯ˲ʱ鲼
ǿϢȻҶЦ֮״θоǿ
۷󣬶ңֹһ
ҶЦ̾һâֻ༫˸ӵɫ
һʹࡣ
һֱ֪ȻֵģͬʱҲδ飬ڴ˿ˡ
ȻԼΪͻƵͬʱɺϸ˵һǲأ
ԼΪͻˡΣ
ֻǣһǲңѾˣȻˣԣ
Ҷҵ˰ǺǡҶЦЦһ
зƼ
һ˲䣬ƺǿĴڣݰپ
˼ɫ䡣


96 ˭ҵˣ
ҶЦһԵվ
ɫѱ䣺ˣ㲻ܳȥ˴֮쳣ǿᣡ
ǿ᣿ҶЦΣ
ǰƣЩ˿¶۷ǿߣһʵҪʤ࡭ЦһҳȫеĳһƴܾˡĿǣֱӱɱ
ҶЦһѾǾսǿ֮ˣˣˣнңѾˣҲȥĻˡ
˵գ޳ȥ
ľ쳣ɣ򶨣ƽ
꿴ҶЦнԶıӰвɵһ
֪ǰ״ܴԶԣȡľɲ˭еģ
˼ʴһȣĽƣμҵģϼҵģƼҵģҳ
·֮һŭĴȣ˭˭СУҰн
ҶЦ²һһ˳ȥ
Էƾ죬ڣ֤ⲻƣнΪȻȴ÷ָ˭ȣЩǿȣȴԶǵִ¾Ѫ岽ɥĽ
ȻҶЦ߲ŸոչΣжֵžһƺߴ
ҶЦɶнѪ磻Լ˳ķˤ
ҶЦǰһѷסнȴԸоһȻԼ壬ȻǶԷнĹδྡྷ˥õԼϡ
ҶЦʶ˱ܣнĳԣȻԻرϮҶЦǷ֣нͱɣ
ҶЦܷ֣һȣǿ˱ΪȻನ
ҶЦͻƣΪԪƷ֮нǿನ֮ʣӻ紥һĶȻһɤһһѪʱ罫
鿴Լ״ȡһöҩͽѾһߵнС¾ҩнһȴֿȳһѪ۾׳˶ͦε壬Ȼվվĵز
ҶЦнһߺ֮࣬ǰ󲻹̶Ƭֻ̣ýһȴѾнʥ˴ΣӦ˵ҶЦûмʱûмʱסн仯⹥ನûмʱι¾ҩôнʮʮѾǸˡ
˵ģشнನشֻǽסнҶЦղų֮˵ΪʵѾɼһߣ
ʹ֪ʵǿǰδҶЦԾûа㺦£ֲȻŭֱ
ס֣
ҶЦһѪȣԺֹǱȻ˳ݿɶˡ
ҶЦನܴᣬûڵһʱҩ˼鼤֣ʱһѪ˳ȥ
ǰʵ̫ǿǿ⣬ɱ˺սֲܹ˴˲࣬˴˼ֻݺһȥֻһҲѵû
ǰΨһҪģֹɶ˻Ѱ·
ҶЦһֹݿɶƷһ˹нҵģô
нǿЦһп׵鵤໤ǡ˵ġ
˵侹ȥ˿ƿԡ
ۼɷ״˹ݿɶᶼ˳תͷݺݵضŶ֮ˣѡ
ˣжʮˣλмģһλƮƮŵ깫ӣҸվˣӦĻ
ĸȫ£ݳŵһƬҶȻ˵ţ֮ҶҶ֮ˣ
ߣ۴䣬ƮƮԨsţɽ̬Ȼʮˣ죬߰ݽУΨһĹͬ㣬ʮÿһˣǲ֣
ղţ˭֣ҶЦͦĿ⺮ݡʵ
˻ûü˵һǷүӵ˹һڵأǵĸͷͬԼ֮ˣһٵȫ
ɲǼ䣬㳡Ϊ
ļҲˣռͷİ˳ɣ˼뼯ڴˣҼΪ֮һգ
үӵ˵ɫĿ⾡֮ңңŶͷԣĬĬ
ղţҵĻ֡λмӵص깫һЦ̧ͷĿоļڽעҶЦ漴ôðƻô
ҶЦĿԶϬĿ۽ǰλ˵ĹӸϣͬ˵ðƻӳܵ۲֪ΨжԽյνе⣬ȫʸһ䡭ӵð˭ƣֻ˵쳾죬˭ֵñð䣡
⡣ҶЦĿ˸˵ĺ⣺˭ʲôˣΪζȻҵˣҪһ
¹ƺ쳣Цһ㣬ֲ֧ЦǰϣһȻҸһ
ҶЦĿ񣬵㲻
꼥ڽһЦƾʲô㽻ʲôһıСˣȻҸҪ˼ƭֲ𴩣ϽԼ³ȻԲѣҪ˵Σ
ҶЦԵͷѪɫһȵν֮λ޴ǣǿȡҪһûʵĽڣبδףͬģνĹ뽻ֻʵãȻ㲻ҽԼãҿ˭˵ΣԲѣ
δ䣬ͻһХХУ˷ƽ֮
ҪүӼһ
ȴӰȻһԽʱռĽޣһԽڳӾӦİ׹⣬۷Ŀ֮£Ȼ

һţȴ־㲻ǿԵèУ
˵ͫͻȻ伱
Ϊǰէֵ״˵֪
ǰ¹ӵļϣҲ֪أȻһֻССģֻȭͷСѩףɰССè
ֻǣֻССèȴһҲ顣
һֻǰצָ˸˵ĺ⣬˼Ȼεؿס˰¹ӵĲӣ
ȷһ˵ǼָȻƤ⼡֮䣬˸Ǵһ¶˳ôţէԾڳοСèһֻצȻεǯס˰¹ӲǸֵѪܣǽҲٿԼצ֮С
û˻ỳɣֻҪֻè΢һλ¹ӣı£ĵ̣Ҳעһ
˼ʯ
ֻèðģʲôʱֵģʲôʱչĹƣԺַԽôһξ룬λ¹ӵļϣȫ⣡
Щʣڳ˵ǿΪȻûһ˿
¹Ӵ˼ʵĲϣѪ죬Ŀġ
Ȼɫ֮䣬ԭĸ߸ϣ£ѵȻ޴档
ȡ֮ģһƬ侲ѩһ侲
ԼϵѪ졢Ķצƺ벻⡣
Ҳǵȷּʱ̣λҶҴˣѰӵŰǿԵαװ¶˱Ŀ
Ȱ¿ǧҪŶҶЦѵֻèȴǼСģƢǳáһΪҪһЩǳǳ˵ľٶ֡
˵˺ĺܡҶЦ˵ţУȴ¶Ŀĺ⡣
¹۾бһ£Ŀ۽ԼϹɶŵСèϣȻ͵΢ЦǲĳǮģ֪ҶǷгõ򣿡
ҶҴ֮ʹ˼ڶԷǯ֮£Ȼǽš
˵˾ǵ죬̫ˣ
ҶЦǺһЦãźҶ˽⣬Ī˵£쳾ҲûܹǮ
ǰ¹ǺǺһЦη˵Ǯһ治֪ʲôǮҶҳģ
ڳ˰ͷ֮ҶҶȻ쳾ʮֻ̻꣬ȥһ쳣ֲĳ̶ȣһֻ裬Ҷ֮ʵ϶ûĵ
ҶЦȻ֮ҶΣ˵䲻ģ쳾巽뼯ڴˣȫңҲ裡
ҶЦһȻ¹Ǳ̧ԼҸԱҲһ۵ǿʵҶЦȴǸݣֱӾͰѼλһ£㴹֮Ҷһһƽ֣ȴ巽뼯ҲУ
ʵԶݡҶЦ˵治֣ԶҶЦνҶЦǿĵƣƵ񵤣ҶЦȾҶЦģҶЦɻȱĲ֣Ī˵һҶң巽۵뼯ȫҽ׶ҶЦҲ˿ԥ
ֱӾܾ
ҶЦ֪֪ڳˣǰ¹һߣǾߣ㶼е⻰ʵ̫ˣ
֮ҶҶʲôڣ巽ʲôڣһֻСè͸˽ʵǲ֪ߵغſڴƻƣ
ΨжССèԻգԾ˿Լʱ̣ʵʲôڣ巽ۣʲô֮ҶñУѾģ
ǰ¹Ϊ֮ȻҶΪãȻǱˣֻǸʵЩˡ
ҶЦ۾˵Ƿҵ£ǵǰؼǻ̸һ̸ҹĵ飬˭ҵˣԼվĪҪ޹֮ĺȤʲôĸ֣Ȼҵĵϣ˵ҫ


97 
¹ӵ²Ϊƾֻèǯˣ
ҶЦĮ˵һֻСèǯסڳˣֻǯס㣬˶ѣӾãѾ㹻
¹ЦΪǯңֻ֪Ҫһ£ͻѪɺӣ
ҶЦһЦڽ˵ֻ֪һ£ǷѪɺӸȴǿģ
¹侲صӳ泾ǰЩ˲ʶδػΪңǯƣ
ҶЦҲνҪʵܼ򵥣Ϊҵֻع˶ѣȻĲں㣬͸ҵ汳ɣһ߾ȪǲįעһֻҪԵƬ̣ܽͬУ
ˣ¹ϾȻ֮ɫҡͷЦ벻һίʵҴˡ
һЦһȻԵΪѣ˿·硣
ҶЦͷ
ԷȷʵǴˡ
ǰ¹ӵؾǰԳλȺУټٶεĿ죬޵ķʸվ޿κΣ˰¹ӱ֮⣬ҶЦǯ˭ûκΰ취Ӱ쵽˷ˣ
ҲΪĴ⣬ҶЦ˿ɳ֮
ԶΪٻ·֮Уȡ˼ʵһ˿ַ̾ת
һԣ˼ʵΪ⣬ԸùԹԾͷϧҶģκˣκκʽв¹ӵЦЦĿ⿴ҶЦȰ㣬˼Уһ߼ˣơ
仰˵һûСҶЦһЦҶģκκκʽвʲôв񣡡
ҶЦǰ¹ӣĮ̧ͷעĿڰ¹֮ˣ˵һΣ˭ҵˣվҾɱ
ָͷϵȥпٱһ
ûԷӦʱ䡣
ôٵƺҪҸɱйߡ

ǰ¹һݸ߸һվ˳µΣ
֮ͬһͣûа⣬˫ĿĿ䣻һɭȻ
Ҫĺܼ򵥣ȥҵˣȻҵ˵Ǹߵధ½⣡ҶЦĸ˵ΪչǸĳ⣬֮ǰʲôӣͽԼҲʲôӣֻҪȫˣұ㲻Ϊ´£
ΪֱӾϿ˼㣡
ȻһȻ̧ͷ˫ۺâҶЦͻȻ𣺡ȷ
ԱߵĹүֱӾͰˣˣ˼˼
ҶЦڹүӵĲȫȻ޶Ե˵ȻȷǾҵĵ̣øţҲøſţƣ˼ͳ⣬ֻܹõ½ģ
үӽˣ²̫߼ˡĪһתء˫׶¡
ҶЦ˵ԭڹУ֮¾ҶЦþˣˣϼȻѡǱνԣԴҾҾûκκƽĴ㣬ҲûκòĿܣ
֮˿ȫκã
ҶЦ˵
仰֮еļ
¹ӶϺһҶЦ֪ôѡ񣬻ˣȥݵĶ棡
ҶЦ۾˵Ҷ˾κˣκκʽв
ˣ˵תء
үӿԼͷðȴ޼ƿʹ޻˵
ûݱ˹֪УҶЦǸǶıͨϣԲڣһˣֱ˿̣ʶҶЦƢĸң۲䡣
Ҷͫ׼Ŀת쳣ƽ͵˵ҶµԴͷΪҶҵǸĪ籾ڴ֣Ǹøг⣬Ǹ֮⣬Ըеλ˷ԼʧǸ㿴Σӵĳǹô
үӵʱһҶӵۣ̬ܰŵ͵ϣһ̨׵أίʵܿɹѵģϾǰռƵҶǱߣͳ⣬˵Ĵȡ
ҶЦأβİ˵ԣ
ۼҶЦԶԷͳ⣬ŵ̬͹ӣȫǣһߵڣߵѾǲײǽͷ۳žҪײǽȴԾɲͷ֣ɾѰˣǰĽ֮С


98 ִ
ʵҶЦкγ֪ףԼǰѾ֣Լһֲ߻Լһ֣ԼһնŽľ֮С
ʶԼ˼ֻҪһôһ£¾ܹоյĵõƽȹ
ҶҶȥǲαװ֮ҲһΪòĳˡ
ҶЦȴ֪ΪΣǲԸһ֪Լ˼ʵΪΪǣ죬ȴǼ֮·
˭Ҳû뵽ҶΪӪ˫̨׶ͳ⣬˾޵ķŵ̬˷Ч
ΪҶӱֵԽ㣬ҶЦԽЭ
Уֻм֣仰תţԺ
ҶѪҲ죡
Ѫƣ
ߣ
仰״ҶЦִֵ񾭡
֪ԼȥͻᵼһµĽ֣ȴҲһˣ
ƣ
ҶЦԱһģ
ҶЦԹǧʹһߵʱգɲΪ˾νҶҴôһģ
ҷǵˣһҪ
ľһܴӱĶУ̸δǰУ
Լ֪Լ£ʵҶЦԼԼ뷨ģԼڵ̬˵۲䣬һܾίȴ˵ĺӣšУ
֪ǰȷ򿪷ʽʲôҾǲô򿪣
ҪۣЧ͵ķʽ򿪣
ѾίˣǿҵԸ𣿣
Ҷң
ߺߣҶң
Сצòڰ¹ӵĺλϴţСɵӰķļͷһɹɿɰĿԲںгܹóаɱ
ڳˣҶǱߵ֣ǳߣֱܷգнһأѳƽΣ֣ûаտڶצ¾°׹ӣǰ֣
Զ֮ΣΪģǵ˰׹ӱˣλҶ콾ظֵֻССצӣѾȫԼֻҪֻèһԼֻһ³

Σ֣ɽ⣬ǰèĿ̶ֲѾ֪ҶɣĪ˵ڳˣ巽Ҷ٣ǷаվԼСⲻֹۣ
ȴԾɲס
ҲǲҶЦΪʲô߼ˣΪֻèסԼķҲӦԵǰһУ㲻ΪԼûѡԼҲߴ˼ˣ
ҶЦȴѡѡκѡʹһ̶ȵ棬ȴܲ˫˺תأ
Ҷʣ˴ǰȻнҶЦðҶҴݣվ߶߼ҵȴûд㽫ҶЦô
ҶЦʲôˣҶЦǾ֮⣬õĲҽ쳾ټãֳ徵ĵʦʱҶѾȷҶЦνԼд鵤Լã
ΪԼıңҶң֮ҶûôƷ׵鵤
ܹĵʦΪãֻ»Ҫ֮ϣԱ⣬֮ƱؽתκԶλ߶ף
ȽҶЦĵ裬ΪǳҶӶԷǺ£Ϊǳ£͸ףҶӴ˴ǰڣҪռͷҶЦͷ˼Ļֲ̿Σ
ҶӵУľǣҶЦҶҴ˵ΣȻ򣬾ʹͶЧԼ£Լʿ伫ߵĴҸãĺЯֲһ𿪴õ죡
գ
ߣҶЦͶϣļҵԨԴǰԼҲ跨֮˴˻ݻҶЦ֮ʵһļҼעеʵʵսڼڣԼռоԵĻȨ״ԼҲɽܣ
Բľ棬ҶЦϳʧܣзԼսǾ֮սܺԼߣս̸ļ򵥣󣬱ɹ˾ҶЦԾԼգΪһѿսҶЦͲԼƿˣԼʵҶЦ²ΪģֻܱΪԼã
ƽĶۣҶӵ㲢©һжˣϧĻԵһ⣬Ծ̽䣡
˼жֱ֣ݱ˵֣˫˶ּļ˽־棡
ʵҶЦжһк֣췭̣ҶӶҶЦ˽⣬ҶЦô嶯ˣиõİ취£ȴѡ
ⲻӦð
ΪʲôҶЦһҪ߼ˣҪ֪ǰ־棬Ȼʱ֣ȴƱزܳ־ãһƾ֣޿صļˣ


99 ƭ֣
ʵҪ⿪֣Ҳδضѣץס㣬һһǶԣʵڲʲô£Ҷ𣿡λҶһؼҼɭɭ˵
ţҶЦٺһЦǴԣץסܾ֮ܲ˵ץסҵʱûһһ
ԣ˶֪ûãƾСèܹĿ֮£סҶӣκҲûţܹ죡
Ҳû˸ԣԣ͵ͬҶҴ˵ðգʧܽԲ˵ҳɹˣҲȻҶΪӵӰ죬һԼע£ǸãΪĸ
һ˵ҶЦȻ˾ôץסҲڽء
һһ
ҪѰ·һ汳ģ汳ĶԵзԣ޿ȡŹŻ㣡
λ֮ҶЦΪԼתأô֮ǰ;Բôһɱ޻
һʱ䣬λˡվάȣҧݿ죬ɵ۾Ҫѿȴ޼ƿʩ
γ뱻вȣнԼһ¿ͷҪֵֻèצȳԼҹӣȴǸûпܡ
˵ˣıȻԼʮ֮˾Ӳ˵ģ
¿Ҫ࿼һ£ԼȻп࣬ôλȱҶЦֱţһں˵Ҳ֪һ£پģЩ춯صĴ֣
۾ͬպ˵һ㶢λҶӣʹͷĿʼˡ
ߡɭɭ⻷֮£κһֻҪӻ֣ҶЦ쳾þʹʧҶЦȴȻ壻ûа
ҶҶЦݵ̬ȿóλƶˣԲԼͽ⣬תͼûһ˼ļղҪ
ĿҲɵ
Լ֮ǰ㾡ӰһӦǰΪȣ
Ҷ࣬ǼţԴ̤쳾־Ҫƶ֮ϵˣԸҶƶˣ߽ҶֿԽҶƶˣҶĳֻǳ潭С䣬Ҷ϶û˵ɡ
ҶЦͷ֮ҶࣻھƶˣԶ治Ҷӵ֣ѡʱֻҲķһ۹İɣҶڼ֮Уչˡ
Ҷƶ֮ҶȻԶݺ쳾ʮ꣬ӲϢνȡ಻֮ҶֻҶĳΪԼźɣ˵ҶֵίʵЩϲ̨棻ֻҶֳļ壬ҶҲǺӣȻֻСܵһ޼һҶĿˡ
ҶЦٺһЦҶĳļ壬ҶĳأǱȲҶֵƶ֮ߣ֮ʢ
ٺ˵תͷļˣϸ缸Ҳ뱨ֺţ֪쵽׶˭ˡ
֮Ҷ߶御뼯ڴ˵ء棬֮ǰȿڳĿ𺣻漴ءλ룬λ£ļҵļʶãͲ׸ˡ
׹ҶЦƵ
ֻǲ֪λ˼ǼҾΪȴǰ㣿ܸи³̰ɣҶЦʼյĮ֮УްĲһˮ
ҵǰֻΪ˶һ׮ү봹תΪɭȻ֮ǰҶҺ˵ݣƭļΪЧʵΥҶӵƸйϣνڿ¼Ȼ¾ƭֵĳı뵽󻰱𴩵һա˼ʣҵջǳľǺϺ飬ѵ¾𣿣
飿ҵȻ飬Ҳ𣿡ҶЦЦһ˵ƭ֡ʹϵλʼգҶЦ˵Ǵ֮Ҷĺˣ
ҶЦĿ⣬ʱүˡ
ĿȫȻ֮ӡ
ʱʱգҲŵ֪λҾ󣬾ƭģѵλԼôš֮ȷʵҶĳ֮ԴҲȷҶĳж㲻ĨɱҶĳ֮ˣǹүӣȴʲôļ˵ұУ£Ĩɱ£ҶĳȻţȴǲмɵģ
ҶЦЦһһڣҾݴб˲ţ쾭壡ʲô֯ʼҪļ֣޽֣ʲôҶĳ֮ʱݷéʿҲ뱸һƬϱҳĴ򶯣飬ؾƭۺ֮


100 ŭ
ϵλʱǽͳͶЧԸɣҸоãȻͽ֮£ҲƭôҶЦĮĵҶЦǾ֮⣬һҽĳνޣҲмʵҶĳʵȤðʲôˣʲôƭְɣ
ҶЦԴ絶罣Ѫģƫƫÿһÿһ㶼࣬˭Ҳ޴ӷϵϣһͨ죬ȴʼã
үͻȻҶҶҡᣬʵɣ˵м֮Ҷƣֺ˵ԼǴ֮ҶһͼƶΪһѾĿ
֪ûзϹʼնǵ϶Ǵ֮ҶһĺˣԭΪ֤Ǵ֮Ҷ˵ν֤ݣҪĵķνôҸ÷𣿡
ҶЦ˵ߣֱǰұͲ֪ϵλͶЧǻڴ˵㡣
ҶҡҶĳҶѵҪϲɣȻҶĳмϣȴѾôꣿΪ˴֮ҶҶҾ͵øˣʲô˵
ʱ˿̣Ⱦڰָ¾ƭ֣ƣͼˮ㣿ν֮Ҷ߶徹Ǵ˵Ťʵſڴƻ֮ʵʵ˳䣡ҶЦĸλһ䣬ڻкƭô
λү࣬á
ҶЦ˵һʵ顣
ʼգҶЦͲ֪νѪ£һжԴԼˡ
ͶΪ˼Чڷˣȴֵͷ˵˿ƣҪͶЧʵȹ˷ָ
ֻ˵һ䣺ϴˣҪߣϣ£
ϵ˺εݣʵڲ಻ԸĨɱʽƱ硣
үҲΪ֮
νҴ˼ҵľƭ֣
ͷβԼ԰˼ҶЦʲô£
˼ƭɶˣ
ؼ˵ջǵ£Ҿ͸֡ҶЦĿ⿴ؼҼؼǴӺ˵ģʲôʱľ󾹱ǵ
ؼһ£ʲôʱҷչľƾʲô˵ǵģԵɣףʼ˶㲻֪أ
νջصԴʲôҶЦǲм˵ҵҪǵνջҪôִУ
˿Ҷƶȴ΢΢һЦԵҶִȴΥۣ֮ȹģôȫǳҶҵͷҶǳʵйϵϵĶ֧֣ڶ̶ʱռʵǰҴ֮Ҷ¡
ʼû˵ɣȴʶжϣҶҴˣ֮ҶˣŻһҵʵع⣬ʻ˭㣿ɳϳǱϦʵ
һ˵Ҷ㱾Σô£ϾҶҵͷʵȻǰ񲻾͸ҶôֻҶִھӣǵᣬԿɴ뿪
ҶЦԵͷôҽղ֪ڴ֮ҶԨԴˣ
Ҳ򵥣˵Ȼ뼯˵أ˭ڴ˿̰ɣһӦ֣κ˿ϸߣҾ֮˾ҵ֮⣬£ֻͬңκҲ᲻ߣ˲á˾Ҫۣ
£û¸ٶ˵ʲôҶЦ۾𽥵¶ɱҪסСģ͸ϽҵµǸˣȻ󣬰Լͬƣ֮˵ҵʱܱûʱ˷ѡ
ȥ˼ʶѾҶЦίʵȤгУһŭԽԽѾûǡ
ңңܾ裬ܾίǻҪıҵĻҵ
ҶЦƽ㣬ѾǾ죡
ǳ֮Ҷƶ֮ˣҶЦΪʲôͱǵͼģ
ûĵ
ҶƶٶȺֹ漴˵һ֮ߣ⿪ս֡
ҵĻԶǸˣӦ֮壬ƱصΪν¹Լͬƣ룬ҿİ취⣬ҿ˺תء
Ҷƶ˵Ҷ֣㿴Σ


101 뿪
Ҷƶ΢Цһ£͵¶ԣҵίʵƿ֮£ס˾㣬ҪʲôᷴΥģԾɻа죻ҶҲҪ㲻һӶƿһڣ̬Ҷ֮Ը
㲻ںȻǿѡںģľԲںô
Ҷƶ˿ϲ̹˵ԣҶ˼С
ҶЦԳĬһ£תн򸾡
нһ¾񣬳ûκһɾ
ҶЦٳĬһ¡
Ҷƶ˼״°ϲȴҶӿɺãҵ͹һƿҩҶ洫طҩһƿֻţȴɱα֮˶⣬ͳʮңΪçײµĲš⣬ֻ»Թ;ͣڴ˳ŵоҪʱ򣬿ԽҶҵĶһΣĳһΪƿʱҶҵĴͻƿһ
Ҷƶֿ֮ɫҶЩѾԱԲµĳ⣻ҶӲ㣬棬ҾǡҵҪֻһ㣬Ҫҵȥ
жϥлƽ𣡡
Ҷƶ˵ҶǧӦʡ
ԱߵǸһĵӣ
Ȼû뵽ԼҹӾȻϸôĳ룬ȡԼϥһ򣬲иж
˵ʲô˵ԾҶ²ܣ鱾˽άȵľ档Ҷƶ˶һֵǡ
лΪ룡ͨ򵹡
ҶЦȴһЦ
Ҷƶһת˵Ư
ȣһӴԴΪԼ£ģλ˺ȻأȻ·ǰҲǰ޻ڣΣһԼͬĽ飬ԼƱٻضȥĳ⣬ҲͲΣǣݳջֱ¼һнȴǸԼ
һԼԾԾܾͬǽнͷõӴ桢һλԵһĨɱ
һģôˣҶƶôȻ¡һԶ׼壺ֻҪҵ£ҶôҿΪȥһ֮ô࣬¡
ͶңҲô㣡
һе
ҶӵԼ֮УȴԾܹ֮һʯķƫƫУһ仰ҲûᵽԼİΣ˵˵á
ҶЦȻԾǻȴòϣ֮ҹĴˣȻͬ죡ֶΣ󣬻Ҳзȡ
ҴӦˡҶЦ΢΢һЦҶӶֳŵ

֮нɫվƾ
ʵнܹô̵ʱڻظȻжԷȫʩΪ֮ȴ൱ԴҶЦ֮ǰǿ鵤ʱþε߲߻Ŀأ˳̶ȡλáǧٹ֣һ㣬ӦҪԲص㲻ͬ鵤ҶЦղŸнǿ鵤ڴΪЧ˿ʥҩûжԷ߹עˣнҲָֻЩ޴󻼣
ȻסԷӵ˿ѹեĿռ䣬ݶѣβã
нĸԭ˫ԭŵ״̬ڳֳ״̬
ҶЦҲΪۼԷʩϣűһХˢһӴҶƶ˼ϳء
ȻԾû˿ֻèô뿪ģٶȣǷ˼Ҿ١
ǰ¸һ·ڿ̸һ̸£һĳԡҶƶһԼĲӣɫЩ԰ףղһֱѪȻʲôˣʧѪȴҲǲʵ
˰̣һһֱȥҶƶĶŵ΢Ц˰̵ѣʲôʱ򶼲⣬ٱƵķʽץסвȣһǵ˵ǿ󣬶ҵ޴
ҶЦԵҶӹȻǰ²֮ʦ
ȻϲνбʦȷԡҶƶ˵ҶղѾȻҲǿ֣ǻҪߵġ
Ȼгԣ˼뿪ģҲǿھͿ뿪ԸģλӭҶЦ˵
ǾͶлҶˡҶƶס
˵ĿͬʱתҶүӵļˣ󣬸Ŀ֮ӴĶ顣˼Ȼϣۼڴ˵ȻǸԼľӢֻЩԵúܸӡ
һʲôأϽʲô߶֦ͬ棬ؼҼһŭȣŹүӵˣ⼸ϺͿѵҪͿȥô
ү̾˿ӻ֣ȵߣ


102 Ҳ
үӵȥǧһŲͬһɺƺƴ
꣬н׶ۿЩͷҲصصľ뿪޲ð
Ѿദ˲̵ʱգһᣬʹ˷Ŀ
үɫأǧߵҶЦߵʱ򣬾תͷҶЦɫסӣҶԲסˡ
ҶЦɫȻ΢Цף˭Ҳ֪˿еʲôֻϺߣƽ˳졣
үȻͷһ˳ȥٲͷ
ˣƼȫ泷˾Ӫ
ֳϵݣȴѻȵš
ս˿ųˮһ˶ˣ
һȶ֮࣬űǾϾϣ̾˿ҲŲȥһߡ
ϼҷˣ糱ˮһĬĬ߳
ҶƶȻҶЦɫ
ܹĸоҶЦ˿еǷʧ䡣
У׶ֳһ˿ԿƵĸֵ⣻Ҷ֣Ŀôˣôȥ֪θأ
ҶЦĻӦûʲô룬ҵĶ鴦п棿
Ҷ־ôĻҶƶĿȹѵҶ־ͲЩʧ˹ʵһȥؾҶֵĻмԲأ
ҶЦֿ죬ЦҶƶˣҡҡͷ
ĿһεʧߴˣʵܱԼ
ҶƶԺһֶٶ˵ȥ
ϼһꣻүӵͷװ죬˼ʲôȻؼĲϴߴ֮£̾һŲ˶ȥ
Σ
үͻأشһϴ˼ʵƽʣֻ˻ơ
үתͷѭȥֻүƮ촽ţضԼ
ϵǰϵƣƺҲˡ
ϹأʵȻǰǴˣүӵ૵˵ٲҿүĿ⣬ǿԼƫͷȥ૵ģ߽һ˵ͷɡ
үͻȻһûдҲ֪ǰ״Ϊʲôת˹Ѫô
Ѿߵһһ˵ǴˣǾʹˣ
үӴ𣺡ͬڵָʾͬǼߵؾǴˣл̣
үӿʱתΪ࣬أϹں˵ʲôʵѾǰ㻹Ҫʲô๫ӲƵҶҵϵѪ֮ҶˣǾ¼⣬ȫԱȷ顣㲻ҪͿ
ҲţүӴŭ񣺡ѪƵ˵ʲôѵѪƴô
ѪƵѾص㣬๫ƶҶҴˣ֮ˣؼüͷƶ˹Ӳǹ壬ѪǴҶҴˡ֮ҶĵϵУһ㣬ȷޱȣӹɣ
ֱ˿̣Ϸûӵʾʾһ̲ؼұ룡үĿ¾Ҳȴʼһ
ҪʲôʾؼҲЩͷϹأǰһӦǴ׵ʵļ֣˼𣿡
ʲôҵļҵĵүָϵˣȷѪƵ״֮󣬴﹫ҳִµģ
ǲǣһҪҶӣ
ǲ˵ҪҶӣԼֶȥȥģ
ǲ˵ؼһҪҶΪһ壬ٲֱ˴ˣ
ˣҽȫѪ͸顢йؼҵһУͶ˾󣡡
үŭţߵʹߵۼ֤ˣһУһĽţʱ䣬ͷչĹģ
ۼ֤ˣҶЦӴһԪƷСϺףʱɳΪڵԪƷߣ
ۼ֤ˣ࣬ззƸ꣬һһ㽫չڵĹģ
ۼ֤ˣĿƣŬһеһУҾͬܣҴûһ˿ô̵ʱز
ңΪ۷ҡĻϲĸпԼ߶ŵһգ
ҴԹۣСġǡϲοǿܣǷݿԼܷϣȵĻϲ
ھˡ
ҽһжȥˣҺڵķΧȥһֱȥȴ˵֮ǰˡǣǵȥһߣ
үŭХǻ쵰𣡣ǻûеж
ÿһһȥ˵ǰȣÿһʢ޲˵ʲôǴ֮ҶһĴˣȻɣ
һһ̬ȣ
ʲôǱѣǳĺģǳĺı壡
үӷŭĴȣ


103 
ŭڳÿһ˵ͷ
ҶӪеߣϾ¶ɫȻү˵һҲûǽү˳ȥȫȨ£ҲĻ߻ıʼձ޳ɵ̬ȣһƽǰ״
ͬģҶЦҲǡ
Ϊƶ˹һһ죬˲䣬ا䣡
ĳԣӵ֮Ҷͳˣ߶Ӧ֮壬Ϊ֮£˭Ҳ飬ʵҲôеģϵȻвʣǶԾвô񣬴˼ʹȻĲãѡعͳһ㣬ΨйϣʱʵǸ̫̫ࡣ
ʵ˵ƣڹУΨԼеͶ룬ȴ룬ζ˵һ䳷µģ
߿ԴһǡıһλŮĳӲʶʶ֪మֱ֣ԼܹġͶȫ˳ȥ˫ٯٯ鵽Ũʱ΢ʱ̣Ů˵Ūˣ˲δ򣬸Ͻ˰ɣδǱߣȥǱ߰ɡ
˵ʲô£ֻθ룿
ȻδǡȴǵǰΪϣﵽλͷβ˹үڵ͸о
ŹүӵķŭͼʵؼҲе˼֡
˰ȷʵصɲصΣʮغȴεģǴ֮Ҷֺ쳾ôѾһߣؼЩίҲΪ˴¼ơ
⻰ȴһ˸֮ڿڣһô˵ˣүӾ㲻ĵҲὫԷΪת֮գ
ҶЦۼ˾жȻӿһˡеŨŨжһһȻӿȫѹȥǰһŬԼñ䣺үӣ˼Ҳм⡣ֻؼʼ֮һ߶֮ǲĨɱʵңίʵĵεǸˣд˷磬ұǸȻԡ
ȥɡҶЦ˵
ҲҪһȥүӻȻתضҶЦ֪ͷǰһߣֻºžͻҷ֪֪ղֳⳡƣߴôݲڣ֪֪֮串ಢһ
ҶЦƽ˵֪ȫ֪ǡҪװףΥģ߸ˣ֮串֮࣬أҲԲԸͶȡɣаֶΣˣҵİȫֹ͵ķʽȥĪ翮Ȼһٱ
ҶЦվɷǣɵϦȴһԸڱΪıӻ֮£
үˣƮĿ֮͵ضһ£һҪ֤Ѫƣ
ؼȻãϹأȡˣƶ˹ӵһ𵽳֤ʵģǿҪ֤Ҫ֤ʲôܸıʲô
үĿ𣬷༥޵ӽſ͸С˵ĳôҶӺôʱô˵ģЩƷҩԵѵǴã˭ʢֱʲŲ֮ҶݣҶҵϵֱʣһ棬ֻһȡˣΪЩҩǰ׸ģҶӲңǵȵҩԣҾһˣԵôĵҩΪ˶ɵӲɣ
ү޵࣬غһһʱһʱȻƽЩ΢ĩϸк棿
үЦһһʱһʱһϸ֦ĩڣ޵ϷƤȵ̾ΪֹȻϸ֦ĩڣ㽫鵤ɣҲ㣬Ҫȫ黹ֻҪ黹һžͺã㻹ô
ү޵һƤǺ죬ƵγѪһ㣬ȴǰԣ֮ǰүӸ鵤Ķ֢ҩõȻһʱͳˣƫЩ鵤ǵƼҲûԻȥڳˣںڰĽƱǶˣ
ʵϣ͵ԣ쳾Ҳ뺮½޷ֱ𣬵ֻͬڴ˵е£һŵƼ鵤쳾ĵʦ㵹
ү˵ϸ֦ĩƣһʱڿ죬ſڶԣȻҲҶЦִ̫ţһ־ǵ񵤣ԳȻܱ֮ˣ˵񵤵ϡ̶ȣ
ҶƶҶ֮ԲԸٵȴȥҲ̶ܴϴҶЦ½ĵʦҪ罫ζ


104 
үתѾйϣ֮ˣֵ֮ԲҲʲô֪Լ󣬻ҪʽƱ磬Ǿ֣һʱ
үӼ״Ȼز˵ˣղŲǰȰȰȰȰ˵оڿԣ˼ҵĺöԸĨתͷͲ˵Ĺô˳װư;ܵûôû뵽޵ôһ޵еľţΪܼƤһɣ˼䣬֡
үһԩʹ⣬δүİãһһһһһһ󣬼ϴˣ
ۼϵŭڼŭȼϾϵ֮ʣȴһȻ٣
νƣԸ֤һѪƣ
Ȼһ
һ쳤磬ͻȻ˺أ֮ۡ
漴һ곬ӰȻһʤѩ£Ŀ⺮䣬ˡ
ݼڡ߼򵹡
ҶƶۼҲɫȻ񣺡ݼ档
Ƿ˴Ӱһ£̬ȻƮǲڽʵ¥֮ϣÿһ̤£±ųһ£һס˫š
ڳˣһ֮ˣէӰһֻ̣оеʹʧӰ٣ƽͣȻ̩
λ濴ಽʵգۼѾվǰվҶЦǰ
ƶٶȾ輫滺֮У˿̻һֵٶȻԶԶ٣䳬֮Զ׼΢֪
ȻҶЦڴ˵ȴǰȻƽӣ۵Ȼ޲˿ɫ
´ҶЦϸϸؿ˸飬תͷ«ϸϸĹһҶƶˣȻһ˿Īĸɫ
ٶȽĿ۽ҶЦϣݸϷѾʮδǰȴΪʮǰٳ徣й֮ȻСһ飬ǳӵúܡ
ҶЦԵһЦǰ󣬶λҶ״׵úܣҶҲûʲôӣǳȴЩ
˵޲ɫ䣬Ȼû뵽ҶЦȲ֮ǰȻ٩٩̸Ҫȳ⣬ȴֲԼǰ
ϷƣҶЦСǷ˵ҵأһȻЦ⣬ҶЦķΪ裬˵Լֵʱ۾Ȼһתе°Ȼζ
Ȼؼ䣬ȴէȻһֻתɣ˶һȴʵڵĸоƺһ˲䣬زɣ仯˼磬˲ʱʮ굯ָ׺ɣ
ˣһ㱡
˵ĴҶЦͦţʼձǴݵ΢΢ЦݣҶ£߶֮Ʈ£ƣǰ
ǰһ֮ɨˮһԽ޽նɱЦɣһ½ضʳϳʮ֮ãһϳǣ۵ϳʮûκܽ˰սֹ˵ίʵѾãѡ
ҶЦ˵Ŀǹ֣Ƴ籸Ψɫȴʼƽ޲ˡ
ϣƵ̾һǶǶǰľˡ
ͷҲأʵҶƶ˹ӣҶЦղ˵ľ£һ׮֪ࣻһ׮𣿡
Ҷƶ˱ͻˣһ׮ࣿϢòе󰡣
ǣô֪
ղҲ˵ʮǰˣҲżͣô֪оҲû˸˵
ǡԼΪ֮ҶˣҶҵϵȻҶļ̳ߣǵ֪˽ƹʣֻԼп֪˵дһʣҲˣ֮ҶЦ֪֮е飡
Ҷƶ˿Цһǰ˵ίʵǲ֪ġ
һƵ֪㲻֪ɣҶЦᵽǼ£֪
Ҷƶһȴ֪ӵͨ쳹֮ܵǿ֮ǰ˵ٻģʽƱֻЧʹ㷣ʵشªţЩƹʴ˵ȴһδ˵ġ
ƵͷɫԲ䣬š
⡰šһ֮࣬Ҷƶ˷ʣĬƬ̺תͷҶЦҶЦղᵽЩ֪Щ£߻Ǵ˵Ȼʱգʷ֮УϾѾʮµϴԣǿµġ


105 Ѫ֤
ҶЦν˵ָڿഫ˿ڵľ£ȻϴȻʷ絶ؾبŴ棬ǰ߾ƹʣʷأ죬ҷ쳣֮ϵ˺Ⱦ֮󣻲֪֮Ҷ߶֣ȴҲԴ֮ҿʼѼصϢйջ񡣡
ͨ޵УҴжϳ߶ָλǰÿһλƢԡʵҲֹǸƢԣռĻÿһλǰʱף֮мңÿ˵ļɻΣϢҲ˽ġ
ҶЦЦЦ
˶ЦݵĵȻЩΪ˽ܵϢ֪οЩ춯صĴ¼
Ȼ˵ԣԵĹԣӢ۾ӢۣӢ¼˵Ŀڿഫǵãһ¿Խ֮棬Ǿǵ伮ء
ҶЦ΢ЦţбżĿǰ˷ŴΣ˵Ӣۣ˵ǣв־¾ƶ·
үէŴԣȻ𶯣һ̧ͷעҶЦһ˿Եȡ
в־ƶ·
Ƽҵڣƶ·
仰Դλƶ·棻ƼҸԴ˾ʾˣഫ
侯Եıƹʣ沢еļֵܷ׷ױʾʡ֮ԣʾζʵ̫ˡ
¾ƶ·仰Ȼûģ仰ĵýƶ·ɾʹˣǵֵܣƶ·ôԱ˲ڽ£
Ȼƶ·һֵܵĽǣ··ƶ֮·Ծ·бǰв֮˲ڽŵµʱⲻǫҲԷƱһʵֻأƶ֮·ȴֲʲô˶ߵģƶ·Ӳκ˶ܲȵģ;Ψǰв֮ˡ
Ȼ¾ֽʵ̫ˣƼڲ֪ҲˡүӱҲô̫
ү벻ǣ׮´˿̾ȻҶЦСĿ˵˳
ǰ֪⼸˵ֶѣչ⾰ܻȡ֮Ϣ溧ţ
һ̣үֻáȻ֣òϢ
Ȼ̾
֮ٶȿ˵ҶЦҶҽյλֵУǰ˶һ׮ңؼѪƣ飿
ҶЦԹһЦȻ¼ˣֻϹ󹤷򣬴ͷβʼգҸν֮Ҷ˶ϰҵĹϵΣҶЦܲǵǵڵ޳ܵز
ƵȻҶǻ֮߶˺Ƿܺϱʢ֦ͬϵһ׮ȴҲڱеģ¡
ҶЦЦһǰ̫ҶЦܳʵ˵Ҳϼ£ܸıʲôҲȭͷǵǰ֮ΪҶĳԹԹԳܰɡ
ɫ΢΢һŵͷ漴ӻȡһͨѩ׵ƣ˹һ֮£ɲǼϼҲԭʲôɫ
֮ǹâʢת˥±һ鲻۵ơ
ֳƣҪǰȷϣͻȻĿһɫһĿԶɨȥȻصغһ
ߣ
һߣռ䡣
һ֮δ֮ȻУ
Ȼƣо֮ڵ˾ǺģȻ֮⣬Ϊ쳣ڸֻ߽֯ɢޣȴͬһʱоһɽȻԼϡ
ԭڷɳ۵Σ콵ɽȻϣ
ߣΪߵͣ״һ⣬ڱ֮䣬ȻѪشֱͺʱһغһ㣡
Բûһ˻վţ

ǵͺһ
˼ҶЦ˵ʶʱһĻ澰
ֻΧԲؽ磬ӰӦڿն𣬵˳ȥ
ɼĵɳȥ
ԾΪĵķԲؽ磬ΪĽˣϤգڳ֮Ļ۶ﻹ棬ȫ
⻹ֲƬؽгߡ棬һڡͨˣ
ⷶΧ֮ڵͨ˶⾪һȴǺ˹ֲܣͨ˾޷ġ
֮ȷѾȥһš˼ĵز
һһ֮Ȼɫƣ̾Ϊֹ
䣡
ڳ߼Һ˾ڵأһȫ
ҶһʧܣӦԼ֮λ಻㽭̫̫ûгˣţСԣչֳȾΪδţδǴ˵ǴţҲûܴô׵ĵز
һƽ޲ĺȻ侹мֲ
ǰԼųɾŲô󶯸ɸ꣬죬ȴһԵķŭļ䡣
Ϊʲô
ԸٶȥܸɴָҶƶһָҶƶ˺ȴüλãȻɳһѪѪ߷ɹ
Ѫεƶٶȵ滺˼㡣
һһε롣
Ƶ˵ҶҵѪƣ֤ʽһ֣ҶҵϵѪᷢ죬̣ᷢԲҶѪҲָ׽ΣֱӦҶƶ˹ϣƳֵĺɫи֮𣬵ԾɶƳףڴˣеļҽҶԼ񳯷Ŀ֮䡣
ϵѪֱ̼仯֮һַʽǡҶѪ֮ıԴѪƸεֻ֮ҶҶ籾󡣡
һ仰޲Ϊ֮Ȼ
Ҷƶ֮ڡ
ڳˣ֮⣬ҶҵϵҶƶˣҲûмҶ쳾ġ
Ҷ쳾ѾһبŴ˵ഫ档
ڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳ뵽վܹ˵֮УĴ֮ҶҶıݡ
Ҷƶ˵һѪνӽѪƣͣڿеѪƣҲֹغͻأسֳɫšֹɫɱ䣬һʵ顣
ҶѪҲ죡
Եĵڶ֤ʽδʽǰһ֤ʽһȻȻǰ˵ǰ
ҶЦĿȫעѪ֮ϣɫƽʵѾ߬ȭͷ¶
ظܵԼԽԽ죬һҪ󺰴зйĳ嶯ڲͣԽԽѹơ
һ˵Ъ˹
ǵѪƶٶλҲãƶһţ˼ʣҶƶ˵ѪѾǿѪƣѪѪƽӴɲǼ䣬ͻȻⱩǣʱһɻԶŶƥѹȻƬأ
֮һҪĤݵĳ嶯һ⡣
ǵĺ֮УֳһӰԭģ
һɫۣ֮УԶ֣ٹƬ̣¶ò
һӢ˵˫üбɣֱ֮񷣬Ŀ䣬ƺ˫֮У޾ɣһȴƺǧأֻ֮䣡
Ҷ磬ΥˣһžԼ֮ɫȻ֪ǰֻһӰȴȻ̲סʧ̬ȻǰһۿҲΪ֮
ʮҶ磡
ԱߵҶƶһ
Ȼ֪ԼҶҵϵĿܣ˹µľȴԾţ¶һ֮ǰԣȻһɡ
Ҷ쳾ڿһԣֻ˼ȶݵƬ̣漴ͻһƬ̣ڿڡ
ҶƶΪҶҵϵȻȷɡһ
ǻƸղչֵƣûóĿ֮¶żֹ졣
ΨԼ֪Լ˿̵ʵЩʧ䣬Щź
үӹڵϣϾһҡ
ƺһתͷҶЦһָ֡
ҶЦ̾˿۾Ȼˮʯν֤ҶҲͬʱɳϵѪ̨Ǿ仰ҲǴ֮Ҷĺˣǰνһ٣֤һ˱㹻ˣ𣿣ѵҪңһֱ赽ô
һӶסԭҪľٶ
ҶЦ۾ɪվԼǰƽģȴһȻԼ˵仰ɵҲһ󴥶
ҶЦദݣȴʮ˵ģ
һҶЦԣҶҲͬʱɳϵѪ˴˴̨֤һ˱㹻
ʵƺγĺҶЦѪ֮ǰҲȷʵ״㱧һָĳֲΪ֪֮ǰҶЦҲǴ֮ҶҶҺˣֻΪĳЩԭҶЦ˲֪飡
ֵ֪ĸʲһԸΪҶЦһԣҶЦȴԸˣҶЦԣԼټ֤򣬱ǶҶЦ׵裡
̾˿һ֣Ѫջء
ȻƵһɲǣȻоһζȻ
ǰοҪôοҪ赽ôµĵزѾˣѵ
˼֮£Ȼ̬Ļ֮У֮УԼôôĻңôķأ


106 
˼ˮʯ߶뾫Žᣬ֦ͬԽԽԼĪǣһҲͣһϷȥҲһѾ硣
ڳ֣ƽҪȥһ˲ƺȻ֣ǵɫϣȻۣģӰ࣬һ측֡
ƶȻһ𣬳Ӱɢ˼ûӿе
Ҷ쳾òٶȽƸӦƺҶ֮Уһ塢Ī̬Լһۡ
Ȼģһȴô
Ҷ磡
ʧʲôҪ˵ô꣬Ǻ㣡
Ȼһ΢է٣ɫ۵˲ʱɢңټɫڣһȴϢķʽѸʧڿްۼ档
ƴУʧǵع˺һᣬͻȻһХһΣʹʧ
ΨڰһȣҶ磡֮Ҷ׹䣡
һȣȻע㿰춯صľտΪҳһ֮Ϊ֮ûоٳض
˸Ƕ죬ͷĿѣ

ˣ鶨ۡ
ߴ֮һԳֶۣүӾپǿвʣҲ޼ƿʩΨ೤̾Ϣƺһ˲˼ʮ꣬ڵϣһʱ侹վվˡ
ȴɥ
ҶЦ̾һǰүӷԵԵ𣬽ҶЦмүʱĶҶĳȷʵǴ֮ҶˣԤӵ֮ˣǲʵү黳˺ɽˮٻ֮ա
үӲΡΡվȴжһֻƿ֪ҶЦٱ⣬ȴ۾̾Ϣᣬ֮˳
վţһ
䲻Ȼؼӵһ߹档
ÿһˣǳĬ
棬үΪμҲ죬£תأɣ
ù󣬹үӵʹͷƺȫľһȫʧŽŲһһ棬Ȼߵһ֮ʣͻȻһ˻ȻһǾʹʧʣ
ҶЦŹүʧӰֻоؿڳģƺһǦ׹ѹؿڣѹͷ
λˣһΣˣģϣǻ쵤԰ﵽ˼Ҷȹˡ
ҶƶŹүȥķٿŹؼһƺ鲻ԸĹѸٵӹһ˿䡣
˿漴ʧˣ·ֹһ㡣
ֻ˼
Ҷ£߶ѵ߶䣬Ͳǽˣؼ̬ȣҺ棬֮桭ߡ

ļһߣ󼸺ͱһտǣֻʣнΪ׵սá
ԭܹȫľ󣬹ԱԶս״ʹ˲棬ֻʣһȺ
ȺһվĿһĻ컹뼺˾ʹȥ˲żüõľһӿˣȴ޼ƿʹܶ˶üͷᣬݣͨ졣
Ҷƶ˵Ԥһ㣬ʱͿգʹ߽⣿
һ֮䣬ԭǼƵľʵ᳹ʵʩʱ򣬽ۣۿŴնԲ״Ҷƶ˵ǴãŶҶЦֻǰֻһС¶Ȼ΢ЦҶ֣ʵȻǰǱ˵һ㣬󡭡Ǻǡ
ҶЦ͸˵һˣϵ鸽ǹԵԾǾ󣬲Ϊǵ뿪߽⣡
ڣڣ󣬾ڣ
ҶƶĿɨҶЦһ֣Թһ˿м
ȫԪнߣȻ٣ֻвǧ˵ӡ
ʵսҲѣʲôã
߹ѡ
ߣ
ôһϺǿ̫ʵȻϷ䣬Ҫ𣡣
СҲ⣬Щɢ飬ܹúܶ࣡
Ҷƶһƽ׽˵ĵȻ΢ЦҶ֣Ҹղ˵ˣʵȻǰֻ֣νʵǿץô֧ȥǰ;ãʱҲδ֪Ͼʱûٽ³ңһѰ϶ʧȥֵ֧ľ󣬿㹻ôԡԴУı·идﶼǽúԸΪЩֵṩһ·۴йʲôҵˣӶԸһ絣¡
Ҷƶⷬν֮ԣԣʱ֮پѼ뷭Ƹ¥ǰӳ֯ίʵЩҲȷʵ൱©֮㣬Щ˾ѰƵĻȷʵδ㹻ʵӦϾܹѸٵҪΪǲﰵʧȥս˳ϣ
ҶЦɫƽĻشлҶӺ⣻󵫷ҶЦڣǾԶʧʵơ˵ʱ֤ȻҶʢȭȭҶĳȴҲľܡ
һ£תżʣڵֵ֮УԸҶӶȥҶĳΪǾٱ׳УʶһΨһһ㣬ԸҶǰȥģǵõǸŵ˺ҪҾΪУԼδĳһʱ̣Ϊһ£Ӿ㹻ˣ
ҶЦ飬˵㣬Ͼɵˡ
ҶЦԴȷУȴ⣡
Ҷƶ˼Ȼд㣬ĻǵĶԸҶЦȻ֪ƹʣҲûٽⷢӣ΢ЦϸˣⱾӦ֮⡣
ˣһ
Ȼû̫ʣ̫£Ⱥ˵ʵҲУܹ˳ЩɢޣȴΪδҳ޽ĽɢһʵҲΪ˽䡰ʿ塱ͷȥ
ԭҶЦԼһȡ˾İ˳ʵҶЦϿǻʲôֹҶҵҪǰЩˣǻ׾١ֵ
ͲҪԥʲôǴǱ˵ѡԶ׼˭Ҳǲѡģ
ʵԴ֪ҶЦĴڣҶƶ˾һֱҶЦһСȻҶЦٶҲܸо˼飬ҶЦĵ裬ȴʼմһ뷨߶֣ƾҶЦҲȡڵĳɾͣ
ǻûнҶЦϡ
֮ȴʱҶЦһִĵ׷о
һǿĪ⡣
ҶЦʲôˣʲôɾͣʲô죬ⶼص㣬ΪֻҪ˴ڣҶƶ˾ͻеܲ
ԣʹھЩΪߵ֣Ȼ֪ô᳹׵ҶЦû¼λ굤ʦĻᣬѡĴҶЦ
¾ֻȡһ֣˵ҲǺݺݴҶЦҲĻ󳩡
Ҷƶ˴ԼǸˣҲ֪ΪʲôԴӿҶЦ֮ǿĪͬƹ֮ʹ˳פҲȥ
ˣƷԭõģҲҪЧߣһ˸õĳԣ
֮ԵôϡŹ֣һͶǿŶۣһʣУǿۣԭΣӰ
λúҶҶƶˣҼˡҶƶ澡ǴݺͰ΢Цű˶˵ĲˣһֳֵֿĿ˵ڽɼ㽭ŴҶᡣ
˻缯ûа졣
ҶƶֵνٻҪôȡƶ֮ϵĵλҪδƴŴҴ˼ﶼ
ڵ״ΣҶۿҳǵǰȺ𣬾ڴˣνĿңʽǿ֮Ÿλֵ˭ҲǲԸװҪȷȫѷʽĪһʵǿΪɽԣδôѡ񣬲ԶǼʵʮһȫϣԵľһֱߵ;ĩ·֮;ıһո³·ѰĻԻͣһ㣬Ŵп
ҶĳţΪ֮ҶϵˣĳΣŴҲڴ˵һʵҶƶ˺ֵһ£ͬǴ޾Իͣȴ֪һԸԸң
˶٣ƺҪʱ䣬ŵȻ΢ЦԸңԸҶƶȥģڿǰһǣǵĴ˵Ҷ棬ʱӣ˿ҲƶЯ֣޷⡣
ò˵Ҷƶ˵ĿڲǼõġ
һ˵鲢ïݵ䣬֮Ҷƹó˵¡ҲǰȻֿ֮ƺȻ˾ĸһø
ֻϧ˵ʱ򣬲ϵĿҶЦȴĵ󣬾ݳĨɱõȻ޴档
ҶЦȴ粻ĳ˵ʼԣһԣҶƶ˵ĵݳ
׳нƵ뿪ȻҪһҵ֡
ҶЦУֻһƬЦ
Ҷ


107 ɳ
ھʣǷȥҶЦġ
Ӧ˵ǲ⣡
ҶЦ˵ܹסǰջѡģҶЦҪˡ
ǰʣһĴɳѣ
Ȼϸ϶ԣûмҶЦʵʵͳƣΪЩԼƿأܱ̫ϣ
ЩһջԼȥ£лޣ£Լθţã
Ҷƶ˴˼ʳջ֮ͬΪԼԳҶЦôκηԣ
ʣȫˣҶЦҲδػ̫ʧ䡣
ˣֿȭ´ƴͷ·ͨ;ͺô
Ҷƶ˵ѱϣѻȸ
꣬ɷ֮䣬н˾ĵҶƶˣһ̣Щ˲ԼͬһҪεɱһĳ嶯
Ϊ֮ҶĵϵˣԾҶЦ⣬ϾҶЦԭڴ֮Ҷļ£ǲɻرܵìܣ
ǣ˼Ѿ˶ˣȫʤˣҲ͸ýˣɻҪʱ򣬶ѾƮҡľô޼ɵǽǣǾ͹ˡ
˵ĿƺܳϿң浱Ϲǵɫ浱ǿôʱʱؿεһ⣬ô
ѾռϷ磬ο໹ôˣ
Ͷ˵£ͶЧҲ͵ñˣ
Ҷƶ˼ʼû˿ΪĨӣֿڵѵҾûȤҿԶһЩԱҵĳ⣬չҶĳµģҶĳ˵ϵֱ£ÿ˶ɵõö֮ÿһɹô
˵䣬ȴҶƶһȻһ֣һѩĵ˸֮䣬ǧƺէȻһʺ硣
Ҷƶ˵лʱһƬʺ֮ڣ䣬һм
ŵȫģʳԡҶƶ˵Ȼ֣ȴԽԽ¶ǣܸɴˡ
ˣһ˵ȣȻһƬžУȴѾʼĿ˸Ϊ֮⶯ˡ
ҺģҿԵȡҶƶ˳Ͽҵ˵ţֻҪһĸҹҵֵܣҿԵȣȺܾöûϵľܣͳ£ʹķһʱҲֵõġ
ڴʱ֮һ͵վ˳ֻԪƷΪҶӿ
ҶƶԴϲû˿ͷĪ˵ԷԪƷΪֻԪƷҲ֮ãλֵܿϳǶҶĳ˵Ͽɣ̸ֻҪǾֵܣ޻ڣ
˵ͷǰ߳
ǰ֮ȴһ׼ȷһ˵Ǻܸɴǰվһסȥ·
һ¡˵
ʲôã񣿡ǰüͬʱͷһǶ񣬱ĵ˵ƾҲһ£˵һһ£ŲѾģ
ޣ
һĭֱֱϣǱĲм˵֮֮ͽҲ˵
ͨ죬ɫá
ÿȥ·ҶЦһƽڣȥɣѵ㻹㽫ô
ǻȻ򣺡ѽҾûף˼ҵ·ˣϽ߸Ͻߣ
ɫ߳ಽߵҶЦǰӣ㶶ԲⱲζҪһԼ
ҶЦνԲԵ˲Ϊ𡣽ֻ֮൱ŵȥɡ
㶹һ񣬵ͷҶƶǱߡ
㶴ͷ̬ƾʹһ䣬ȺһٶԵջ󣬵ͷ嵽ҶЦǰһɫȥҶƶǱߡ
ۼ飬ҶƶϵЦԽԽĵ
ߣȴǽģģֱӿģҳһš
˵Ļ˶ôܸɳ£
쵰㻹ĳŵˣ
ӵľ֮㾹ôģ֪զд
ӳԣӾӽ͸ѾľƫҪһ˵Ҫٿ㣬һδһΣӵģ
ھʹĻ˶

Ҷƶ˿žﲻ˹ͶԼһʱ䳩ԣЦݵעҶЦζš
ȻȴҶЦʼհվţˣӦ˵һĵķʽԼǲģǿ̬
Ҷִ˼ʾȻܸˣȴ֪ڻϲʲôԸСܷһôҶƶЦͷʵ
Ҷĳ¾ƶ˹ӿˣʵڳǸ̫ǳ£˵˿֮ʵ˿ܲԻϲҶЦݱȭν޲ɶԣҶʵҶĳȻʵ˵ҪлҶֵһʱѲ⣬Ҽѱ棻ɳʼҶҴɳԾ󹸱ףȴֹ˳֮ȴӹŷ磬ϧֱ޾ƣֻ˱øһס
Ҷƶ͵ؾһ£ԭѻıʹ˶ᡣ
״̬ͺڸ˵ʳ֮ʱȴͻȻԼʳԭʵʺ
ҶЦ˵ĲԼôΪԽˣ
Ļɫʸʺʲô𣿣
һˣʱ߳ŭнɽ˼̬ԣ֪ɽȤ£ıҵ
Ҵ˼ʻѾ˺ƤҶƶҲνȣһж̨ϣΪﵽ֮ĿģֱӳƺнΪɽ
нҶЦµһ󽫣ս֮⣬ǺڷɽɽǰԻ͵ݡ
ǵǰʧȥɥʧ˴ǰɲ֣һҵ֣Ǻڷɽԭĵ̣⻹ûںڷɽǱߵľֲ
нڴ˿̷ˮͶԼܹһҶЦܹ߽Σ֮У
ģֻҪнˣǵǰɾͲνĴɳǸ׳нϼӽ
Ҷƶ˶ԼţοԼ֮ǰžҩʮңԼһĻᣬЩۺ벻ʲôܹܾˡ
٣һطԿܲˣ
н̤ǰһ̧ͷлҶӺ⣬н֪ΪǳǼƸ޵úܣȻȥҲѿãȥҶߵĸλʥ߽µɳ
ЦЦСĿУΪͷΪţ󣬶нСҶҲôΪİɣ
ӵнȻ˵ԼǾӣȴҲСˣǵСоĸɲ
СнеƢġнܣͻȻһȣΪ飬ȫֵܷˣ
ãʣһǧٶˣ뱩һ
һź֮׳ȻҲΪ֮һ
۶ѾȥһٶˣȴˢˢŶͷȥȫҶߵıĿ⡣
ſͨ·ߵ˶ߣнǰ壬֮ˣھ˭ĽԼĺ󱳽ˣĺ£ҪߵģߵģϽˣ
ԶԶԣߵģҪߵģиϽߣģ
ȡ
棬үӡүӡү˿žȻȻȴǲٿͶԼߵһˣһͷԣͨ죬һ޲ýԼԴӣɵöǳ̾һ
ƶ˹ҵϵˣںܶ෽涼ҪǿڱˣһҶЦڵʱȻռϷ磬վҲմһ˿˵ġ
ͷ˾ʣῴڴñʵַϣ粿ϵĻֶϣҶƶ˱ҶЦֺֹһ
˶ĵװ̾
ûҶЦǰҶƶ˵ıҲ֮˼ƫƫôһâɵĶӳǰλƶ˹ӻƫҪȽϣͼѹԷٰУֶε跨ֻᾡ󣬽Լȵʲôˡ
֮
칲أ
ҶƶһĶټջ󣬾Ǳ߹ģҲֻһʮ˶ѣھϹǧԪ߶ԣ㲻˽ǣЩƤ
ΪЩˣԲֶΪͣ־֮
Ļɫȥ֮ϧ֮棿
ۼ̬չĸԼԤ뱳ۣҶƶŭһ߷޼Ҫ¾ڽ콫󳹵ײɱ⣬Ȼһ£Ϊʵڲʺ϶֡
߶ֱǵһξԼߣؼҼүԷ߷߲ƽ
ڴ˿̣ǵ棬ɱԭͶľ󣬻ʲô
һ㣬Ҷƶðա
ӱʮ겻㼸չиҶЦ֮ʱ
ҶƶҪȥ֮ʣͻȻһµĲͻأߵҶЦǰ
Ҷƶ˵ʱһѵ꾹ҲҡˣҲ鸽֮ϲ


108 ҷ
ıʵȻף˾֮ڣȴδҶƶУϾ֮Ҷ߶ڶ࣬Խߵ֮ܣмޣ޷۸֮УԾȴǷǷһһ룬߽⣬ָտɴ
ҶƶΪ̬פȴ䡣
ȴ˵ҶҲ˼֮꣬ʿܶ࣬ȵӢۺܣǶ಻ʤΪֹȴûκһˣܹҲ굱ķڷ
ûκˣΪҲ굣κΣͦס
Ȼֹ֪ڹȥΪһˣҲһˣԸΪԼκ飡κǿ󣡡
ֻһ㣬Ҳˣ
ڴˣҲ󣡴ӴˣʽΪһԱ˺ڲĳѱ˵٣ڻǧȫ͡ɶҰɣ
Ҷƶղ̬ⷬȵ͵ףڿధЧԣֻоһͷðʱͰˡ
ôôôҰЧҿķأʲô̫˰ɣ
ɶ㵽˵ɶأɶ
ȴ֪ҶЦ벽Ե֮Լǲպ󣬱ϿǣźŹſţҶЦĴʵ̫֮ڿڣֻܹһ䡰ɶҰɡ
Բ걾ĶԣĿ󷶣ҲǾΪģʱͶЧҶЦ֮ģȴǰڵϷδܳУձʣȴһˮɣ˼һԳڣҲûиеεĲһг̩Ȼ
ҶЦĿע꣺ϲˣ
ˣ
ã
ҶЦʽΪִܾ˵ȣΥߣɱ˴ãԳ棬нֹ
ְλȨ޿νִһְԭɹүӼΣүӿ̣¾ǹؼ֮ˣûȨޣͬԳ棬˸棬һҲûùˣڻ˲꣬ʱף״ȴȫһˡ
ѽѽִˡнԺ󡭡ٺٺ١Ǹʶˡչˡ
ִˡ׶죬ϳˣҲ׷״һİķУ˵ĿŵͲƨ׺ڰˡ
ߺߺߡͷִ֣ǣ׽ûõģǰִûȨޣҲˣձִȻΣҪǣһʵ㣬ҪȻִִ飡˽ִɽ
ǡһ˵ͷ
ԱִΪʼб壬޳֮ͽִҪͷ𣿡ɫ

һߵͷĴӦһ۾Ǳȥһٶˣк壬Զ
ղ˵;ĩ·߽⣬׸𣡡ǣҲô
ǷƨеǾ󣬷죡
ԶԶԣǾǷƨǹâɣ

һȺûûεЦЦû죬
ߣҶƶһɫࣻһԣתȥ
үӣүӣүӵתͷҶЦһۣȴһ̾įתͷȥ

񳯱ʣʧȥķֹǴ֣ټ̣һ롣
ڳµ֣ȫҶЦþļ֡
нͳƸ֡ԱһУ١ҶЦԸһ
ǣнӦ
Ƭ̣Ȼ˼ڳϹһǧٰ߰ʮˡ
ЩˣҶЦɫȻ˵ڳĸλֵһ£Ǿֱ˿̣ʵ
˶֪ҶЦ˼ȴֲȷ
еԵǼ򵥣֮ǰ˵ڽֵܣŹĺзֹһδÿһλֵܶǾΨܹԼԼģˣʸԼľ
죬ڵأвˣΪ
ҶЦǺһЦֵǣҶЦڴ֣ӽ쿪ʼڳе˶ҶЦĵϵǲΪ;ô޻˵ڳλ㶼ưˣ
һֵܣһֵܣҶЦλֵǹλ


109 ҶЦ
󹲴˹
һǧٰ߰ʮ˷ȣ𳤿գ죡
ҶЦЦһ֣ϰھƣףɳȻһ£ֵǹıһ
˵תԽá
һҲǹһЦнæ˳ȥɹ¡
֮ǰɹµĹеͷ߹ϸµνƾ֮ȴҪŽЩϸȴǷ˵ˣ
Ц棬£ȴûκʽѯҶЦ˲ҶЦ˶֪飬ҶЦʵ̫
ֻö̶ʱձѸ𣬽֮ǰ˹ģ۾ҳǲ֮һ̵ľһ죬̼һա
Լ˶о壬Ļ䣬Ϊƶ˵ҶЦ˼ôıֵƵ᣿
һβĴ
ҶЦƽȵػתУֻ߽ȥһ䣬ױֱ֮ܿεȴȻ
һֽб״̬ȻԼĴϡ
ֻоȫȫһ̱ա
֮ǰαװмǿһϤʧ޴档
˫ģȴģһ
ȻôţһҲûж
֮ҶЦһվˮϴϴˮϣƺһЩ
ôģʲôѹʲôߵЩˣͲģԤ֮Уֻ֮ҶЩ˾һ뿪ЩȫԤ֮е飬ҶЩһ죬Ѿռһıˣôʱ䣬׬˸ʮ㣬αСŮ̬ƾĶˣҶЦЦЦӢ۵ľʹͣ
ҶЦ૵˵
ϸ֣һ˼ߵЩ˾Բ֮֮棬֮ϧ
֮£ֻ֤ʵһҵĶʼղңĴҾܻһʱһ죬һСҪԼȷʵӵʲôҪԼȥʵʵĴƴԼŬõġӵеģ˭Ҳߵģ
ҶЦ뵽ȻʧЦҶЦ쳾㾹Ȼ˴ֱˣҪ¶ս㲻˭

ͨȫ̵ҶЦȻһ󻶳ĴЦ޾ռоһ̳ƣһͷཹཱུĺȥ
˸֭ˮĽ˸졣
ʹһҶЦЦЦǰϣһ̣ȴǡ顱һǾ̳飬ͻأŭҶңҶңҶѪ
ҶЦԣĳǴȴδض黳ǽƶ˼Ѵ뿪󱾾Ӧ֮⣬Ϊ֮£˵ջֻǽ飬ѰգʹҶƶ˱ˣҶЦҲû̫Ľ١
ΨҶѪҶѪʹ
ҶЦѿ϶ԼȻǴ֮Ҷĳֹϵ
ʱ飬֤ʵһ㡣
ֻȱһϵ֤ѣ
ƵһͣһλᣬѾл֤˵㣬ҶЦȴˣڴʱ˿̣ʱգҶ
ǱҶˡ
죬ƫƫҶҵˣһ֮伸ʱȫѪһʹĴԸɵʹࡣ
ǵôҶЦǵеʹ࣬ӵĶ־˶ңҾ;ǿǿˣͷ㣡
ԼѪ壬ô죿ô죿
Ѫơ
ҶЦԶԣֻҪȫеףܹ֤Լݡ
֤ҶЦҪϡ
ҶЦԼĽԳ֣ǹؽ飡
Ļ̼λƳߣֹͣǸ֤ʹ֪Ƽֺһ֤ͼǳԺ⡣
ٷҳ֮ʱſּԼѪܵĸо٣
ΪѪƶҵԼ
һ˵̫⡣
֤ԼѪΣ
Ҷҷ˸Ͳ֪ԼĴڰɣ
ҲѾɳ˵ĵϵˡ
ҶҵĵϵˣҶƶˣ֧ҶҵԴݿ֮ƣٵԼŬ
ͶȡɵķʽվԳãҪȫҵľҪҵҶҡ
ҶЦԼӰӣֻԼһһضԼ˵ҶЦֻǱӰӣǲŬ˶㣡Ӱǲǿ󣬾ֻб˲ȵķݣ
֮㽫ԸΣ
Ҷƶˣ壬ǲǸо˴ڣѾǵжд̣âڱܲ


110 
ΪϵϵԵʣǿƲɱ⣬ǸҶƶҲֹͣıʶԣȫȻʤǳ裬Ź㡣
ѾΪʸ־ϴˢĳ衣
Ӧģӵеһжģ
ĵҲ㣬ͬǷĵ׵㣡
ԾڽһʱҪǰδеΣ
ҶЦĿͻȻٲ֮ǰĻ硣
Ӧ˵ҶЦԼܸоԼԼĿ⣬δ
Լ
Լ
ϣֻԼ
ҶЦХһ˫Ŀ˸૵쳾죬Ҫ
ں쳾֮ϣҲҪ
޾֮УңҪ
ҶЦԴ޾ռ֮УóһͰ֮ˮĺ֮󣬵˸Ҿ鷳ɣ
Ҳ˭
ʲô
⣡
ҶЦЦ֮࣬ȴеԼĵоб仯
˼ʿǰľƺӰ쵽ԪӤ
һ죬飬ҶЦ˵һֿǰĴ̼ڴ̼ӿ
񹦵ǰ㣬ҶЦ͵飻ӺһΣ죬¿ʼ
̼֮£ͻȻ
޾ռ֮ڣͻȻӿһɹ磬εض𣬱ΪӨȻɫԽķʽ彫
ǿƳҶЦľ֮Уһܺ󣬻ڵ֮ڡ
ƺĳһϣʹ飬˿Ĵ·
ҶЦͻоԼԵȻͣõ񹦣ڸղŻȻһͻƣͳɽХһ޻֮ƣ

Լ񹦵㣬ڶҶЦ´򿪡
ȻҶЦֱһ̣ʲô
ֱ߾٣
֮ڡ
˵㡣
֮⣬˭ҲС
һ֮ϵƥԵ
ǡֵݾǰ©ΨҶ
ڵľԸɽӿȻ˲㱻ȫݻ٣ȴ˲Ϣ֮ܣУͬڳǧһʹࡣ
ҶЦʵڵĸоԼб˺ǧٴΣȴǧٴΡ
˵ʹ񾭣йԣֱˣһʹ죡
ҶЦʼţҪ֮⣬ɫƽ糣ɫ
ҶЦԣȽʹ࣬ȴＰеǷʹ
ôļ壬ңҲͰˡ
ҪңҲͰˡ
ңҲͰˡ
ңҲͰˡ
ΪʲôҪѹң
ôļ壬ľͶôһ
ôţƵļ壬˭˺ӣ
ǼȻѱôֶȷѪˣΪʲôûѰҹң
Уʲô
ұͲô
вլսȨұʱ򣬲֮е׶
϶Ҿ;оأ
ⲻɽ⣡
񹦵ͻƣԪƷĹؿ˲㱻忪ȻؼȴȫûбҶЦע⣬ڵȫ񻹶Լ˼֮С
ǲҪҡ
ҾԼ
ǴѹңҾҪͷϵľ
ҵˣ˵㣡
ҵԼ
һ̣ҶЦеǷƫִѾȥһ۷塣
ǡڴʱ񹦵תҲһ۷塣
ΪһдмңҶЦʶԼ˼ֵƫִˣжԣǼı׶ˣ
Լԭ
޳治У⣬ɺϣһ⣬һɺϱԸдһ˵һ
ҶЦȴغֿԣִذԼ뷨ˣӵķ̽ȥ
ִһӾ磬ҶЦȫ޾Ĺ壬ˢݻܾ磬ΪһΪˣȫķʽ
ԪƷĹؿ粻棬ʱͻƣ
Ʒ
Ʒ
Ʒ۷壡
ʥԪ
һƷ۷塭Ʒ
񹦵һͻƣӵǰ״̬⣬˫ɺһҶЦΪʶ״̬£ֱʥԪƷ۷壡
ͻƷҲһ֮ң
ֱ˿̣񹦲ֹͣ˷ת
˭Ϊ𣻺棬Ϊ
ⲿųƿٵصһܣ
˼壡
һϣûκ˿µġ
Ȩƣ
ϣ
޵񹦣

峿ոһʡ
߾һ̿ʼɣ֮ҲһԴͷ֮
һ̣еΪȻطһʵظߵĸȻղˣ
ǵԪܣƺصһ˲䣬㼴ʱɢ
׼ȷһ˵״һŴ׵׵طָ˶ߡ
Ծɻ٣ϧһ˲䣬ѾǾһ򾡣
ûа©
ûκܹõһ


111 ɱ
˶״
쳾Խʹûгֹ״
ô£
׵ÿһλ߶Զ쳣ҪȻϡ΢ȴԪܣۻᴿÿ춼ȡһƣÿձȡ֮ν֮ͣء
и߽߶״ƣȴְοԼֻǸ⣬֪ʲôطճ⣬һɺ϶ѡͺˣغжϣ
ܶ˱뷨һĳ
ȴû֪ҶЦ޾ռ֮УΪǰһıʣȻĸɾһ糿֮»ָԭһŨȣ
һ㣬ҶЦԼûע⵽
ûע⵽ѰĸˣڿռŻıܣǼƻİëһ䣬漴ֳµġ
һҹ֮䣬Ⱥʵ߲ë
ȻôС磬ͳֻðô󣬵ռļ۽ߣȴоϴ󡭡죬ǿһ򱶣
һ򱶣
ô£ʲô
ҲҪǿء
ռһǡ
һݷĽȻ˸һ¡
ȴԴӳϺ쳾ع״̬һֱ˯ĽӥէȻѣ¶ӥ˶۾գ£תˡ
Ȼһ̽˽ס
ȷĽӥëһһէƺʧȥԭͣվȴ˲ʱظһļӲ
ӥͱ֮ǰСȦȴӳԡ
ӥŶѯǣϴأ
˷ˣˡæҲ֪ԭΪΣ˾ͻȻ˾ʶܵʲô϶Ǻ¡̬᲻Ծʱùͷ
ӥ͵ͷʾԼˡ
תת飬ߡΪɶѣȻ֪ʵû鲻㡭Ϊ̫鷳ˣһͷСӥû֪ıҪ֪鲻ãùͷѾ㹻ˡ

峿ʱ֡
нһȵķһҹ֮ԼķΧѷ˼侪˵ı仯
Ŀ۾⣿
˲֪仯æӣǰ֧Ԯɵۡ
õ˶޴Ȼһ
һεȣ֮ǰҪš
˵֮ǰãһڵãһޱٷʮϣ
ԭռشʮĶСȻѾţڣȴֱ䵽ĶԲ˵ľ
Ȼҹı仯ȴԶֹˣн⣬ȫԴɱ䣬Ǿؽ磬ûľҲһҹ֮䣬ԷĿɳĹģѷɫ٣Ϊ޴仯Ȼɫľ£
Ϊģ䣬ΧֱӾɾγɵΧǽһƬܲ͸磬ȫռݡ
ۼ˹仯ֱӼˡɵˣ֪ˣ
ôһأ
ָ˼׳٣
ڵľﻹһֱӾĺ󣬳֣
𺳣ȴҲİ˼֮ʡ
ҶЦƣشô߳
ܲƣ롣
һҹ֮УΪлԪԽʥԪĴλǰǰͰ֮ˮ֮⣻ƵĺϾ
һֲ֮ɱ飡
ǰ֮ɱʹΪߵҶЦԼоĿģ˵ʵĻôֵˣɥĲ˷ָ
û취ĳǻ֮ڵʱûǵĳ˶ԣɥĲɥĲɣ
ֽ׶ξʵǿĵƻ֣ɱɱɱǵǰεĵƣ
žžž
ҶЦ֣ʾＯйˡ
ԺþߵȻ϶Ϊһ󣬾ããǾһһٷָã
°ҵķԸʮФãոԷλסڲÿһÿڣ޶פڴҿȫԱ룬ʱÿͷӯ֮󣬳޶ϲȿɹأԼдѫֵȡסʱ֮⣬ٶκ˿š
м䲿λ
һ˫ۣҡ
޶ڽ֮ڣסϡ
ڽٲ̶ͬȵĵÿֵصľҪſֵ֮⣬ĵطκ˳֣֡ȫаΪ
̽š
ΧΪ߽磬֮أǾܲפط롣
һϲʱȻаǧ֣ܲҲκ䡣
˶ɫһ
ܲκ䡣
ʲô
ţӴ˿̿ʼϲ滮Ѷ


112 ȥɱҶЦ
ߣҲҪϸֵع淶涨򣬳˶ͨö
֮֮ƣΪҹ󷨣ӳ֮أ󷨻֣Щ󷨣ܺɱˣϣλֵ׸Ե
ҶЦټһԽ£ϸ˵ҹ仯ֹô򵥣ڵľ󣬿νɱķУʹǱڲԱܣͬΣ
ҶЦ˵˽ҶЦģԥҶЦİţںɷ֮Ͱİͼ֮£ԭ뵽֮С
½½һ룬δ԰þȴʱ֮ܵڳȻ˼ֱ侹ĳӵŨԭеŨȣѾʮ磬νʥأ˿̣عƣ˼Ũȣٱ磡
Χֻ

һҹҶƶǱҲƽ
ǸҹҹĿ飬һֱ賿֮ʱǴ鶨
ȶҶƶ˶ԣνǹʽ̣Цҳ˭棬Ǵ֮Ҷٳ徰ҵ㣡
־緢ҶƶˣȴȻҶЦپںâڱôôĲأ
˵ҶƶԼҲʲôоԶԣշҶЦԶҪ㣬ʱ֪жϳҶЦǲʦҽߣҶЦһ˵ļֵԶʤʹӴۻ̱⣬ܹշ֮Զ
ȻҶƶҶЦ֮ԭĳԼʱȻ޴棬Ψһ뷨ǾҶЦҶЦٶһʱһһһ붼Ƕģ֮ǰ˿ᣬȻǲܷģȻҶƶһصס㼴ţȥǸʲôҶЦ
ȻҶƶ˶ԣɱҶЦǿ̲ݻԽԽã
λݸһ㶣ͷӦǣȥ
ҶƶЦЦٹע¡
ΪҶЦѾǸˣѴ١
ԼǼίɸԼһΪʥԪƷ֮ԸΪֻʥԪƷľѶȿԣ
ҶЦѢ֮ҹ֮󣬲ʲôҶЦҲо
ȽѢ֮ߴ̬ȣԼǶԼ֧ȣֵԼĵ顣

ҹ֮С
йѪԼһԵ
ֻҪһ֮ǰھǸҶЦ޳֮ͽԼ裬еĵķŭơ
һֻСϺףðҶҴˣ̰֮ΪУȡټһƬҵƭ֮󣬲˼ڸģа͵ϮӣԴ˶裡
ȻԲѵҶµǸ¹򣿿ధ
ҷݺ£ɱ㣬ʲôʱܹ裿
ҶЦʲô£ֻһļһҲҵǸ¹
ǲ֪
ǰΪ棬ϧķѴԴ˵ͣ˽Ҷ֣ûһһ£һȥһߵغ֮
ܹ˹ӵĺ⣬ҪҶЦʹ
нǲꡭԾͽǾɱɱ٣ɱһѪɺӣɱһȮ߹֮ɱ֮ѣ
ӰٷӳգĿǰĿ죬ѾǾפڣ
šڰͬءȻûκη֯Ҳǳ飬ʵĴ֣ƾǵӮǰĶೡսۣվöȱԷһ̡
ΪȷʵһϢ˾ؽ֮ڣǽǴһȻǧٵӰ漴Ӱʧ
ĳӰȫס
˵һһȫϾɱŸɵҶЦ
оʹ࣬µľ
ж񶾵롣ϧһΪˡ
Ϊפط֮УȻһˡ
ߴ˶ˣԱҲʮҾſգܲڿһ˰ɻ󣺡Щ˶ȥˣ
аϸϸһפطᣬȷϵÿһﶼǿտյһˣЩ˾סķԾİڷţֱδ顣
ķȴֱӰգһ㡣
£ѵԤϽΣĳˡȻȻؿãһƬĵؽ硣
ѵȫˣ


113 ƾûǸʵ
ھȫ޹˼ɣһ㼴ȥ
ҹֵ֮ˡ
Ϊɱ֮֮Ըµ˵һվ֮ˣ˿̵վھ֮£ĿƺƺãһжԼļ֮¡
жϵ£
⣬ظһඥ£վڼӵǰֻö̶̵İʱ䣬ѾоԼΪֳļ
ʲôλֱֵأٶٰʮҲǲӶ࣬ƵġڡڱҲд˴̾Ϊֹ
ͬʱ¸Ǵ⣺ԺһҪչԼÿֵܣԼҪڵİæִ֮⣬ֻЩֺõģĹģͻġŰֵ
ֵֵ䣬һ񣬶һֽ
ڽ֮˶ֻ֪Ҫ㴦ڵֵ״̬㲢ֻվ棬ΪҲȻ
Ƕôõ飿
ֱ£
ｭ˵ǴͷҲҪȡĻᡣ
ΪԼʶһҪȷڰæִƣȻɣԴСȨı˽֮ӣ˭ԼأҾͺǺˡ
ŨҶµķ֮£һ쳣֮£ԼʶǵڱΣԽޱ⣬޵ţƺԼһÿһƬҶֵܹĶԼҲܹ֮֡
ĸоΧһܵĿܡ
УȻ
ȻʱоȻ֣֪־ǴӺζߵıֱΣա
Ӧ˵ڸԼеˣ
ɲǼ¾䱸
ͬʱĵֵλϣҲе
ͷ
Ȼ󣬾Ϳһ
һӰھؽ֮ںƺǧ򣬲ϴһȻֽһ䣬ͬһõӰӣƶٶ֮ȻȥԼֻĿѣԵĵز
ʥߣʥ߽ߣ
һˣµĺë
һ̣Ѿ˵ĿǣԼΪʲôͻȻӵôǿǰδеʶӦȻʥ߽ߵ٣ҲܹӵһԷûз
ֻΪ˿оֻһǿΣС
ʥ߽ߵ󣬸ֵܹô죿
˼öԲߵڵһʱְסǰľء
νأһϹĳһɫľͷ
ɫľͷ񵥴ĿĻһ֮ᣬɫڲ֮ͬ⣬κһ֮ôһ۵£ȴǴ˵ؾŦ֮ڣӵдϢڲЧɲٿܡʶĳ̶ȶͬȼľ
һص˲䣬פ֮ڵˣͬһʱоһëȻ
е
н˾ֹԴϷԾ
ȥһϮ֮ˣл
԰ꡣҶЦӰȻڴã˫Ŀ˸ŶĿ񾫹⣬ƽ֮ʵȴһɾ˵ɱһ޼ɵķʽɢ
죬ǰδеĴԱȥԵ֪λǰ;Ȼϲ˵ĵʵҲãģ죬ôҿĵ̣˵ӵеսȥ
ǾڣͬʱҲǵ̡
һƿŵƣǽپκεˡ

ҶЦˣ
תۼ䣬ѾشﲻشһƬտĵطӴ辣ƽȵ죻ïܵҶΧһ˶Բ
Ŀ⣬ٿɰ˹ģܿɵĻ
ҶЦֻһ˫ʮְԼǼλʥߣ٣ȻԵøӿɡ
ĿĹˣ͸ͷҶϡԿǳ
˼һⳤȻʥʱۣ֮Ľ°֮ȻҶЦڵ֮ء
˶ͷһΪʲô
ʥ߽ߵʶˮ׼Ҫ߹ʥ߶࣬Ī˵ɾ룬ǧֻ߸࣬Ҳ׿
ҶЦΪĵ˵ǿ˵ƾûзǵʵ
Ȼͷϵķλ鿴ˢˢĶߣΪûзԼôһȺΪԼ͵öˡ
֣Щ϶ȥˣ
ƬŹֵȫֺϣûڣǶҪô


114 

ȴ֪˼ش˵Ķ
λǱʦشǶŦشǶСϹɱ޲뱸νУЧãҶЦĵ֮ʵһ󡣡
ֻ˵һȺ󷨸֣֯ۼһһڴ˼ƣγ籩ɱ֮ƣҲ¶
ĵֵλҲӵ󣬱ڹ֮˵ĶֻҪ˽ؽ磬һж֮С⣬ٷ񸲸֮أֵ򡣡ҶЦ΢Цһ£ν󡭡ҲΪԻ󡣡
ţ飬Ȼ⣬Ψһоӡ
쳾Ȼǳλ棬Ȼ󷨵˽ȴǼȷǳģ˵ҶЦԸߴеȻҶЦƽֱĽͣԾãȻȴѽֹ֮ЪôߴϵƻӣбΪ
Ψн۾һֱضϷȥķеĳޡ
ˣǿԼȫӦˣֻһƣԼһغ
нҶӵĻǰ֣ʵΪΣҶЦȻʵ
ܸߣҸߵöࡣнһȻˣ޲ýһȴĨɱ˵ڮʵ
ţܸߣԽ߲ԽãҶЦǹһ̵Ļȣǲ֣ǵҲˣǾ֣Ҿǿʲô³
³
뾪Ī
ô˵ʲô˼ѵ˵־Ȼܹɱǰ֣
ɻ󲻶˼֮ʣȴλλõķھȫްЧЧ֮࣬ڲͷˡ
һͷڹ꣬ΪľͷܹӲдôҿҽڹǴƣǻôأ
˵նȻһХ͵̧֡
漴һĿĹ⻪̫һȻ
һ̣ĽâӷƲͺգɵ鱤Ϯâ˸һƾѼ
˼״һ󾪻ţƣȺ嫽⣬һ͸ҶųܵľԼЩˣҶֵܵȻƣ˵ܲ͸磬ʵ֮仹з϶ģǽòƲʵ޿ײ룡
⣬ʱȴͬʱˡ
Ϊһ̣뿴һǰδ쾰ɫ
ֻϿգȻһӨȻϹ⣬סãЩ޴ĽڽӴϹ֮󣬼ʱʧӰ٣޴档
ЩϹڽӴЩ֮ƺʲôûоʹʧһֺͻأطʽէȻͬɫĴ󺣣ͻȻݰ˷ҳǣ
Ϯ
˱仯һ֮࣬
ڽ֮ڲȷϹʲô֮ǰ֤
Ƿ磬Ѹ٣ϧϹʵ̫㣬ٷھؽ֮еһ£ΪգֺܱܿϹ⣬з˲䣬øϹֵķԽǳϹⷴ
һ׵ľΪϹ⳸⣬Ȼ޷ѡ
ĲϹƵԽܣȫ̱Ϲơ
ֶΣȭָǿʹһЩرҲȫ˳ϧһƬȻϹ⣬ȫȻ޼¡
ٹƬ̣һӨɫ򣬾ȻϹн
߱ԼоһϢȻԼ֣һּΣգܿܵķΧҲά򶨣һƬ֮£ʶһҶЦǺúӵķҳԾһս
δ䣬޾ȻϿձ
޾⣬Ϣһ˲Ѥãȴ
ѤùȻҲһ㣡
һſɫ򣬻һɫ磬ݺύɫ
ʮɫ磬էȻϿһš
ҶЦ棬عӵÿһɫ磬Ǵӷһ壬˲Ϣ֮ǧٿף
ȻȴûаѪ
ƫƫȴĿɫɣ䳾徵ס
ۿһĻҲҴһڡ
ʵʵǰһĻ̫ţĿãţθš
ڡ
壬ϷȻһΣ鳹ױɫ
ʹǰ˵ȥ
ȴڻûнӴҶһ̣ѾһƬ۳쳾
һˣڵµʱĻһƬ۳ɢصӾÿһˣһ
Ŀɿڴ
˼
һʥԪ߽ǿߣôʧˣôˣ
ŷϿյ޾⣬ȻʧãٶȻָԭ̣ɫҶ⣬ڷҡҷɱ
ղôƴˣȴһƬҶҲûٵ
ˡ
ҶЦܵĮ


115 һĲֵ
˷׷תͷؿҶЦأ۾ǲš
ûɣǾҶЦһƬĮȻһƬƽ˭ţܻţͻɡվյƼ㲻
ֻ츣£󱻲ɱȨ
Ǿ󣡡
ų֮⣬ûõ˵
ҶЦ΢ЦԼһ£ʵȻǰǺǣǵİȫйǡ
صͷ
˶֪˵ġʵȻǰ֮ǰ˵һ£֮˵һ¡
ȻУϣλڲõĽܹ󷨣ԱܽУˡɱ
ҶЦĿĿˡ
ǣн˲ͦţоȣиӿһ뷨
ҶЦҶƶˣ壬һ֮޴
ҶκαҶǴҶ
ӯ춯ʵڲСҳǵÿһߣȫע⵽ĳطϹ죬ȴûκ
ȫΥβ룻˶ڿնԶԶܶǿֱɸҪߵ׷ʲô顣
ٷмʶߣеӯĲѰ
Ȼʱӯɢ٣ֻĿҡҷʹĿʶ֮ԼӵҶƬֵ΢΢ɫ
ãһƬס
ƺûʲôʷսۼҲѰ
һǿ߾ҡͷ״ˣղӯ죬֮ɵƻҲǼ֮ɹ۵ģ˵ȫƻۼΨһ;ǷĲ
ԼȻˣ
ǻһͬ⣬ֻ˵ǻԵˣ

Ƚϼ˶ߣµ˴˼ȴֻһ
ÿһ˶оԼӼȻһֵĸоһֱͷ
ʥԪƷߣڳ˶ԣνǸ֮еĸ֣ƶ֮ˣҪӵĴڣԼۼ֤֮£ôϢرɱ
һƬ۳
һݺεȵ𺳡
ҶЦһ仰˷裺һȫŬҿһﱣ֤֮УܶҲҳܶߵĵطĶʮ
ܶȳ̶ֻӣʱۻ½
֮һܹ꣬طʮꡢʮ꣡صĹƣޣ
ȲҪ̫ˣϲǸľҪھͿʼ˷ܣҺǽΪ̫񲣬ǿɾͲˡ
鵤ҩʢҳǣԼϵĸ鵤Ϊһ׼鵤һԪƽףǰʱ䡢Ϻ˵ĽĿã͸ף֮ȻԴŬ̻ۣȴҲЩҩĸ
ЩֻҪ㹻Ŭ֮һ꣬ٿ൱Ѱ๦ԣ
һʱ䣬ֻһǧٰ߰ʮˣϣһǧٰ߰ʮˣһ֮ÿ˶ӵʥʵ
ҶЦͷʲôߵʵս˱Ϊ֮⣬ֵıҲǼ֮ǰ˼гĺֵıƷʶδϳˣǰ뿪ЩˣвҲΪ֮ҶҶƳŵﲻΪǴҶĳ˽ҶĳȴܶԴ²Ųʡ
ܿλͻ֪ҶƶóνУһĲֵ
䣡
ҶЦһ
Խڶڣ
ػ֮УҿҶЦ
Ӧػ֮էȻʣһ鶯쳣Ѥù⻪ͻȻҫ֮С
鶯⻪ƻã֮ԣ֮˳
˹Ĳ¶۵ɫȴֲ֪ҶЦ˼ʽչʾɵ⣬˼鶯µҶЦ˾ٵ⣬ȴ־ԼĲ²̫ȫ߼
ŴϤˣػ֮ԭֻѰִѰ̵ӵػ֮еĳνҶЦƽĮȻ˵Ȼġػ֮СȴǾҲһЩãʵġػ֮С˵޼᲻ݣβƣɳƾһ
ȴԽŽɵɫ
޹ִҲҾҶЦ֮ԣġػ֮Сȷʵ˼֮Ŀȴ޾ս֮ƥ䣬ǽâ¶꣬ٷ̫ı㲻Ʒ
Ϊɢ޵ˣԼģϱԵʻȡĺö뷽跨Լһ𣬱ƴҲҪ֮޸֮ǰ﹫ӳѪ֤
в˵ɳƵһһԼĿУᵱѷɫġػ֮С
нҶЦС
ڣн󲽳
Ұıغóػ֮жԿһԡҶЦԸ
нɵۡ


116 ˱˵
ôҶЦ
нɫŹ֮ǱСǸԥ֮Ա
غнһðеõƷ˵ʵ죬࣬޼᲻ݲڻ£߻Ԫԣ޽֮Ϊǰ
˼ҶЦҪнԵнԼĽغΣһֻػ֮ҪӦۣӽغâػ֮й⻪¶߸Ȼ
Ҫǽغػ֮пˣҶЦǫ̂
Ǵ󻵾ո
֪ǽغĸαڶ£ҪҸһ²ˣҶЦĲмǰƵڳ㲻۵ĵУȻС
һЦ
һ߼ξǲңȻԭ֪ССţȴ֪һҲ£ˡ
нŭŲģţŶأ
˵£ܳʵҪ治ţôҰСأ
һ塣
нŭˣˢһӳǽغԾԣǼʶһСŵ
ҿȻѽغСˣ¿ôδɩͣأ塣
˵ʱʱ죬ۼнԥػ֮ѻһ⣬нԭ۵ĽغҲէâһɫ硣˴ײһ
ž
нһг˲ţ˼漴ٹʧǡ
ΪнĿУĿеƷغȻôӦնϣء
ôܣҵĽغҵĽغнǲŵһ
ʵֺֹн޷ţֺγţԭźЦķΧ˲ʱѻȸ
غнĳ޽ҲǺպĿĶ˭Ҳ벻âػ֮֮£ȻĲһ
۵졢ɾ䡣
ǷлҸղ˵Ļҿԣػ֮У޽ǰ֮СҶЦ漴нУǶ۵Ľغ˹һ֣ϵİزеҲơ
˵ʵҲףػ֮жԺǻΪ촷ۣΣʲδ̫࣬޲̫ѹһոµĽغʧ̫õģ
ʵȻǰβţҶЦĻǺЩֵģոһĻĿãʹҶЦεԿޣҲֻʵʵ˵ѣ
ҶЦһֵϲҲ𽣸ңʹһˡţ˭Լı⣬ҪǿһµģøҡߣȻϱãֵıʵظϲ¥ǱˡǣҪʲô
ҶЦδѱӵΧǰ֮ǰ׶ԾԾԣ˭
ʲôҵɵСðôһҲֻܸ㶨ʮɣǽ˫ۡǣнĺͲģʮı㰴ְλСһ·ŽȥֵܵĸȫС
뻶׶ֱӱϵľ޴ڱˣ
ػ֮еˮ׼ĿãԼδҲͬһ̫ܲԶΪԼʵϣܲĪ
ҶЦ״ڲٿЦǾ󣬲ҪҲҪΪ޽֮еľʵ
ڣÿ˶ץʱΪڵǰûսµʱ򣬰ͻƵĽλ۹ͣսʱ򣬰սû
һʱ䣬ס֪֮˷ﲻ˵Ⱥ鼤ܣ޴ơ
ڶգҶЦȻһµĽغԼ˵ıظнˣյʮһ˾Ī
нʮһˣûһǵ֮ŷּʶɢ֮еٮٮߣǴ˼ʽԼе˲䣬岻ˣĿɿڴĿ࣬ƿԣԭ̫ˡ
ԲΪԭ뷨ȡëͭһȻȥߣ޸ǿ̣֮ǰҶЦĳŵҲ׿ѰãҹԼʮ֮ɾѾǼԵˡ
ȴ˭뵽ԼҶЦУֻһҹʱ޸ɱ䡣
ң޸ɱ仹Ǽϵ޸ɱ䡣
ڲʥԪ֮ʱ𽣵ĽʾȻԸɲʵܣ֮ʱʼԱԪ˱ǿӦãʥؽ׳ս֮࣬ڲظһ𣬲£Ѱ޸Ͳıԣ޸ܹڵԼʹãͺܲˣѾǼˣһǿҪʸͲԼԽӴĳ̶ȣԼΪ޷ƣȴϾ˼ģһһԵˡ
Ȼ˿̣ǰ»ȻһµȻǰ֮ȴǴԤϡ
ɱ֮𽣣ʵ֮죬֮ϬԼͺʵĴ뼺ϢϢص϶ȣͺһı˴˺Ӧÿһ֮ǰǿ˺ֹǧٱ
𽣣ֻڴ˵еλƷһ㣬Ҫ˵ԼֻʥԪƷԼ࣬ҲܸԼʹá
ߣԼ˽һпһɱΪ˵еԼһҳɳͱ
֪òϲ
нǱߵҲࡣ
غ˵ȻպգȻƷȴʼֻнеõΪ֮нԪʼ޷ȫȻϡ
Ҳ֮ǰػܹ֮һεһشأʹѾػ֮˵һػ֮ʹηƥнΪİţغнıһƴĽȻԾѸģغȴδػϵôɴ࣬ȫ޿ء
˼ʾҶЦ֮ĸнõоʱоѵıȻا䣬ͷβرԼĶڵĽغΪԼģ
ԼϢϢصϸоǡ֮
ˣҲиԵľϲǡϲȣͱ˾ţ
˹ֻڴ˵Уڳǿϣôһҹ򣬾ԼأҪԼôϣô
Σѵóһ㣬һᣡ
Ρţ̫ʵˣ
ͻȻ䶷־ǰǣ˴Žһں϶ȣҲһҹ֮䣬ü᲻ɴݡβơ
˶ʶһʵЦǰ·
ǵģҶЦڸǵĸоˡ
ноҶЦչֳƣ޾ֶҶЦλҶƶȣҶЦǴ֮Ҷĵմӡ
ǸʲôҶƶˡĲðƵ𣿣
ơɡƷ֡ڣһеһж
˱ˣĵ

һߣҶƶ͵͵֮󣬾ͺܷĺܰĵȥ˯ˡ
ԷΪֶΣԸһ󣬸ֵȫҪκεġ
ͲκĿܣ
컹ֻһ֣Ѿųսǿսſˣȫѹ󣬶ҲǸǿǸɫҲǸСɫСһ
͵糿ϢأֱӿҶЦͷ
ǸϽϢ糿ҪᣬҪе顣
ʱ٣ҿҪúñ֣ȡһιЩģ
ЩҪ걸ľͷȥԣ˯
峿
ϴˢˬҶƶûпҶЦͷҲûпֻԴҲ̫Ϊ⣬֮еļұϾҶЦйôһԵҪԼǲ˸ŵ̨棬Ǻ˵ٱǷȱ֮Ϊڸ˿жֵķܱӻбҪġ
ӣλ˼ѾǰȺ򡣡
ϢҶƶ˲־֮
֮ҶҶҵӰ죬ѷ
ߴˣмвȫԹԵص
ô˵ǵҶҵļҳʮ֮£Ҳ޷ıġ
Ӿν飬Щèðƻɱȣ
Ҷƶ˴ϣǰȥ

ҶϼԼʮ꣬ǰԼԸ˷سƣȻҪһͳҳֻǳˮȫһͳ޽ǵǰڹ滮Ľ㡣Ҷƶ˵Ļ˵緢޽ǰеʮƼҳǣǴɽȴǿĿʼһһʰֻҪųǿʮȻγɶԾ档
ʮڰǶʱֻҪ˼ʾǿƳȻһγϯ֮ƣԷҳΪ㣬ϯ޽֮С
Ҷƶ˳־ĺΰͼ
ӴϿݼƻУ൱ģ֮Ҷ߶ʲôʵʲôһһصѰȻǴݿ࣬񣬷ҳԭĳ壬ڷҳ̾ʮҲȷʵûע⵽Ҷҵ٣һͻϮĻȷʵܹյ䲻⹥䲻Ч
Ҷƶ˵ⷬΪܹõҼͬ۵ֱߴһ·ԡ


117 磬Ծ
ǰ滮ȻǼõģβʳȴֵõĵطᵽ޽ʮֹۼô򵥣֮۸ӡһŲ̽䰡ӻҪء
ү˵ġ
޽ǰʮһӶ֪ڶôԶĵطһ֮Ҫһͳ˼ʵķҳǣѷ£˵ʲôҪЩһͲʵֻ¡˼ү˵ġ
ڹү˵ģ͸ˣȴҲʵͷûأҪһ̲޽ʮ˽ʮĵȷϼʵȷǸͲô
Ҷƶ˵ɫʱ
һŭ˲ʱͷҶңߴ˵ͱˡҪǳˣһģԥηǸզ˵ڷҳǵʮʷأ˭˭¶ˣ˵ף½ǵļҵ׶ͽȥ
ûûнȡʤ
ͷһ̰ҵĺˣҵĴʵʩ
ȷҪʵҲҪȴǰȴȸΣգȲҪȥǴǲŸո𲽣һڳԸӵķʽʵȡ¼ҼҲ˵ˡ
ļƻãƺһڳԸӵ֮߰ɣߴԷҳΪܷչʮ꣬ءھֻôһСг䲻ıˣǹ㲻ǰδ⡭Ҷƶü֮⣬Ա
ߴʮ̾ҳǣôûлһЩ
ʮĵ̣
ʮڳԸɷҲҳǵͷߣôһ¶ˣ
Ҫû˲ʱһͳҳǵʵֺôɴķҳǹٷŪƣŪ˹زǸ̯ӣǸʰô
ߴλϼϽβ֪Ҷƶ˻ﻰ˼ȴԡ
ʮ̣ΪʲôҪȫΪҽȥ
ҳ֮еǰ࣬ԴҶԶݺ쳾֮ǰУ
ʱգҶ쳾ҶԸǰֻҪһ仰һȫҲûϵҶƶˡȴ
ֻҶɳǰվСëӣȻŽȫʵҽȥ
ļƻȫʵȷʵѸһͳҳǣ޽Ҷƶ˵Ĵ棬ǽأƱؽʮɽķˣҪЩ壬ǵʵǷҲ÷ָ˭ȣһ巽ʵǰ׸
ʱ浽˲ʰĵزҶƶҶΪ·߼ô죿
⡭ⲻǿЦ𣿾㿪ЦҲûôİɣ
֪꣬ҶԶݺ쳾֮ʱ˵ʮҶҺ٣ߴЭؼͳ˵
Ҷƶ˵֪ڲҪʵʩշҳǣһͳ޽ĴôǰﻮֻģֻҪ嶦֧֣Ȼʢһ
үӲ͵涯˶˫ȣͷ˸ۡ
ضѻ˵ôףҶӾȻ˼ҲҶЦڴ˵Ļ㲻һ֪ʮҲǾһ϶ϲὫ֮ǰĻȥ
̲ס̾˿
ʼգҶЦľֻԼ³벻ɣֻԼԭ취ϵ֮ԻѡԼʵֲ󣬳˿ҶЦ˳ۣдͷ֮⣬ǿҶЦŬֵͶЧ֮ˣ
ǰλҶƶ˹ӿ̸νƣǴȫʵ¡
ȫûԼ˲ţԼ˽
ǽȻͬĲ֮ĸԶ׼
ؼЦһӣ˼˵壬Ȼһ̶ЭҲֻЭʵʩ棬ҪҶҴ˵ҲٿΡ籾Ϊʵ˳ᢵȵȸ桭
仰ؼ˵ÿν֮ѣһһֵġ
ˣҶƶˣɫ
ǵ˼˵ҵǡʵٲλķۣʸλ˼ɣ
λٶȻ
ǰ֮˵Ǵ֮Ҷô
ô˵仰񲻾һɵ棿
ôأ
ʱȸһߣֻ˵һֻĸƵʵƣ
ΪʮǾֻʥ߽߾Ϳɺɨ
ʮսίʵʱ򣬻ȷչʵΪȵģʵպ۹ؽлءүôʣ޵˵
ȻˣǾбȻͼ֮ҶƶصĴһܲȻؽүӵĽԣ
ԭĴ㻹ؼһģߴľټܶ˭ֱӾѹȥˡ
޽ʮ˵ײһ֮صĵطʲộʮӳ⣬ﻹҪʲôбʵƣ
һЩ˷ǴҶ̧ѹԼ
⡭ؼ֮Ҫ棬߶Ѳûаҳӡ
λҲͬʱֹһظ˵ȫһֱӾĿŵ߼ҵʵ¡
浱ѵʾȴô˵ġ
ֻЭ˶ѣʲô̶ȣж룬ȫоȾǿλҶҺ˵ֵֵͶЧܹ۷ǣȻᾡЭʵ󲻹̸Чҡ
һ⣬
ϾԭߴЧҵĶҶҶ쳾
ǸҶ֮ȷʵǴϵϵҶˣζǻҶҵļҳūš
Ҷĺ쳾ôǸ̶ȣҪλҶҹӵֶΡ
ӴӾЩˣҲһ˵仰ģҶƶ˵һ
Ҷƶüͷֵͷֻǵ㲻мȴûӹλ۾
ֻһСλ۸һ֣
Ҷƶ֮ǰӾǽһˣʵ߲ڳУͣҲԪƷϵʵʵڽ֮ϣ׵֣Ҫ֪ҶЦճɷ֮ǻᣬɷ֮ŲԪƷ
ЩƷһʵһҶƶǰ˵ôԼպ˭㣿
۸ֵͣĺô
Ҷƶ˶һ٣վ˵ƶ˴˼ʳզʶίʵ޵úܣһж̸λǰȫˡƶʶǳλǰ̵ǡ
˵չһ
ΪԼѾ̬ŵ㹻ˣϸܳмǡ
ⲻ֪˵仰֮λüͷ
⺢ӵ׻᲻˻ʲôһжǣ֮ǰĻȫ˵ˣ
⡭ôܰ
ǿʼǳµ֯죬ȷáҶҾΪƣߴ壬ǧ֣ΪҶҾĵһҲνļҵס
֮ǧ˵ޣλҲҧóġ
λǰǰðƻֻļҴѾǲ֣û߷ĿɣҶƶ˵һ仰ùүӵ˼ۡ
˼ҶЦܵõǵķ֣ƾʵý۷ǣǿǰ;ϣ
㣬ǿɶˣ
˽裿˿֪Լȥҹ⻷֮ƽӹ
ս෽棬ҿҵĻȸһһʱ֮Գķ棬λһҶƶٶһһ̬ơ
ү¹ʣƣҶƶ˰ƹ̷ļλүӣҲиԵҲ˾ţйоء
Ǽλ֮߳ȴоһӵĴ㣬
ϸ缸ôĥģô͸оСòǫѷΪ߼֮ǰҶūӵʹأүߴ֮ƽĬԵһ˿̾Ȼһ̲סԹ
Ѿˡһһɡү磺ܸоҶҲôһ˳Ǵ֮Ҷĵϵ˾Уǡ
үӵԵΪѣΣʲôνģһǸϱУѭ浸°¾ͺá
϶ôġ˶ˡ
үҶЦã֪飬˼ӦƵĲ͸ôôôģ
үӾϼ޻ı֮ʱóһͬĴ𰸣бȻйŹ֡

Ҷƶһֱȵ磬ʼûеȵҲûеõϢ
û
ûС
ѯʷ޹֮Ҷƶڸе鲻Ծˡ


118 Ϊ
һʣʹӣʲôȥˣ
Ҷƶüֱʵʵ˵ȥɵЩˡ
ߵɸĵϵĸԵĲȻʲô˽ܻҲ˵ģ
Եʱǿ϶ǲµġ
һֱȵϣǲҶƶĵ׵˿ηŴ󣬽Щëˡ
ʱ㣬ߴ巽ҲѾҶƶ˵Ҫ󣬽ҶҾسɢ˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ҳķˡ
Ѿȡòʵʵ̵һơˡĸо
ʲôʲôΪ֮ɵҶңѾʧ쳾ʮĴ֮Ҷˣ
ҶҾĴ죬ʽˡ
ڷҳһլԺӭƮ
·˿޲֮פ㣬ĿӣȻ˼ȻͷҴȥ
ͬʱҶҾбĸʾ鲼ҳǵĸ
ֻһȥûһ˽ȥͶЧ
Ҷƶ˶Դ˵û̫⣬Ϊһγɼ尾ǷʼӰô£
ˣʬ
Ͳס֮࣬ǰȥ鿴˻رѾΪճǣзȫãֻڵЩȴҲǾĵĲ˿˼Ͻߵãûпš
ȥ鿴ҲԶԶɨһۣȷûж⿪žͻˣûнв鿴
˵䲻ģǸ൱Ϊʵȥ鿴Ҳͻزˡ
Ҷƶ˶ر⣬꣺ѵôһ˾Ȼôƾʧ˲ô
ȻļǰͶĽɢէȻ࣬ҶƶҲ˱æµ쳣ȻǶԷĴɻȴΪæüŲմأҲֻ֮֮ʲôʱϢʲô˵ˡ
Ҷƶ˵֪ԷΪҳǣ˵ʲôҲϢĳ£ٵȼ죬˵ǷԵʻʲô£׷ȥء
˵ΪҶҵǰͶĽ˿ɵǲ٣Ҷң쳾졣
һա
үӽЩӾѱټһٶ಻ˣÿ·һŵҩԸοҼȻѡͶЧҶҾԼˣΪ鵤ÿһţȡڼһŬ
Щ˱㷣Ͼ˶֪үЦãԭڵĹүƹ̷ݵλҪǸԼ˴СЬʲôģԵȴⷬϲǧл˵ҩȥˣŬȥˡ
Ȼÿ˶е֣ҿǴһٶʮֵľͷΪػԭ̤أʲô鵤ȫûЧһ㶯ûСһʲô
ǡڴʱٴٻ˾һͷˮˡ
ûػûүɫ
ûУһҡͷ
һҲûУүźӣĿ˸ͼĲ
ûУһûУȫԭ̤
ȷûУ
ȷʵûУ
һͷȷʵ
үӵĮصͷͻȻһ壬һмƷ鵤ΪȴôǶ겻ɣǶ˻ǺãˣͳͳץƳȥˣ
õӦƻһǰ
˼ɵۣȫ֪ʲô£Ӳ֪ԼַӦ
㡭
Ȼ˿үӴ˼ͬһɫ˶ʶϻֻҪˣ
Ҫ֮ʣȴöһʹ˵ȾȻ᲻˿ֻؿֽԼ廨
漴ֵ𴦣ͷ׷ء
ٶͷһһأĿѪ졣
мһĻ޲
۹үӣֻغһվʩʩȻȥ
ҶӣˣȻڼܸһҵǡЩͽҪΪ

Ҷƶ˵õϢʱЩѾүøɸɾˡ
ҶƶŭԼЩ˿ڣһ£ôͬǲڣĸ̣ҵүסؼôʲô˼㽫ЩͶ֮һٲǷҪݱڲ֮أ
Ҷ˵ﻰȺڽ֮ʱû飬Ͽ񣬼ȻûȻҪܴΪɣͷ֮أӲ㳣ʶװɡүӲ˵ǵռȻܹǱߣδزᱳ㣬ҽЩˣڰ﹫
ҶҾõĹأû˿⡣
ҶƶĿ࣬κźݺݶţȵ²Ϊ


119 ʵ
Ҷƶ˸δվθҵүӣ
ҹүӵоݣҲֻҪ˵ͨδǵ
Ȼ֪үǼٹ˽ΪҶЦȴҲǺް취
ҶƶԶȥıӰүֶ˼
ҶƶҶЦȣ˵һҲûСҶҵôģȻɳһ˳ѵڵҶȨ֮ˣѾȸӹĵز̬ˣ塭ٹؼĴˣ
үӵüĴŨŨǡ
ΣҶ³ֽذϢǰѾγȻ󲨡
ҲѾʼ׷׿ʼӦԶ
ҶҵէȻ֣Ŀֱָǵĸ벻Ҳˡ
ԴУѾǸĹʶ

ȽҶҾǿڷҳڶĶ棬ȴúܣٲžˣ
֮·УųжȣĵؽȻĪԵнȱȻһǧȴҲδûб׶ˣ߳˱ʵΪ֮⣬ľĥǱزٵҪأǷȱĶ
ÿˣһΪ֮󣬶ѡеԽ粨ḥ̂Լ;ߵø˳滺顣Ϊһ¡
ҶЦԾ״¹涨
ôж
һԾǰʵ˼ҪʱݷĹעȴֲܵݷپ֮ˣȫݷ
һΪ˵;ʥӹɣڴͻƵǰƿ˳µ飬أȻҶЦԸ鵤ٻŨΧľǷȱʼ;һԽǵ
һߵĳɳʱĳһطĸطʥأѸٽһʱҲ϶ܳ־ãҪиĥ¼ϵͻƣ
߿ԵõĥµĵطĪڽ
˵ĵطǽǧ̬ܿܿڽ֮С
ννĥ£ҲѪɱҲжԹҲţҲд۽硣
ÿһλʵǶԵǰԼһ˽ᡣ
˽֮ǰԵĻᣬһηйĵ׷ơüĻᡣ
ҶЦԼ
Ȼ涨һôŵͬʱĴڡ
涨̨ĳ׶Σ˶ʾ֧֣л裬ֽУʾףġ˽Եᣬ㲻ʼįĽɢ˵ȷʵһ
ȻڵһΪеֵǻ֮󣬳˼ת䣬ת䲻˵ǻ֮ΪЩ˸һĹƼгһˣֱӾǰ˰µĻ
˻ֵǵĽӷ磬ֱһͷ֮С
״ɺܼ򵥣ǰͻ֮࣬Ϊе˶Եν緢˭ķˣϧָп˽Ե֮ѸΪûбȽϾû˺ȥһ˲֪ܹھһôҸ飬ֱӾ飡
ȻһʱŭХΡ
֮ΧȫڱȽϵ壬ʵɲΪ緢
Ҫʲô
ʵ
Զʵ
űʵ۽ҲԽĿͬʱҲԽ˽⵽ǿʵ̫ˣǱԼǿ̫ˡ
һӣҲƽһ
׵ǲһƼ
ȲĻصãع֮ǰΪͻͽһǧӣ
ֻҪǿΪȺ׵ʵ޷ӣαؼһʱδ֪ķյУ֮һ仰ʵӲ
˵ڶΪԱȵһ˻ûҪ磻
˵һһٶΪļһȻֻʮ˱ʾԼгȥԸһǻڱӵ˲˽᲻жԹʵϽ˶ȫ̤ʵеǰųȥġ
֮Уÿ˱ŻľͷȿֺؽŸ飻Ĺ֣Ȼֵؾһְֱγ˾ģʽ
ĵطĿ٣ŨȣȻطһ
ֵܣҿɫãҪúϢȥֵԼֵܣͲ˵лˡ
лͷϽϽһ棡ںõĲˡ
ˣˣҶˡ
ޣһ㲻ۡ
Ϊã˼㻹ô
ޣôͿʲôӣٸһף㲻ǴҵֵĻҪΪôҸ㣬ģ
оͲСô𡭡ĳȥ


120 
ǱȻǺ£ǳʱôȥȴֲǺ£ɴôȥ֮ĥľóԿɾͲʣʲôˣ
мڴˣҶЦɴ෢ӲԹ涨ͻһˣеʮ죡
ʱ䣬׼
תصӲԹ涨ֱԹصԹĳʵ̫Ի
񲻼ڱɰ֮У˶һĻᣬܴͷȡǸķĻᣬػˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ҶЦЦ˼ǣ֮󣬲ƶ˵ӲԹ涨룬ЧУ
˲ʱأ˾棬߷ƽĳ˵ǿƣֻεĽܣ
ͺĳ˵ԣǱǿɶȻǾĬĬܺˣ
ʮʱޣҲôԽܵĲǣ
ݷ
ҶЦھҶӳ֮£Ǵ¶һ˿Ц⡣

ֻö̶ʱ䡣
ҶҾͻǿƳͷһʱϯҳǡ
Ծʵѹ߰˸ķ֮Ҷƶ˵۾ڶֵܻᡣ
ҳʵռǰĳʵ
ʱֵܻԴҶҾνǰҲޣһʼͳ⣬Լͬʱֱӽܹòܹĵ̣ȫ˳ȥ
ȻУֵܻͷڹꡣòȴҲͬǽֵܻ᱾ʵȫŨһһš
ǵֲãһҶƶ˿޲֤ųС£Ҷҵı
ҶƶɨҶһɨߴ֮ҶҾʵҲѾ䵽ʮĹģʵͣҶƶȻȻҪһµĿ
ȽڷƸ¥ĲҶҾͻҲռڸǿĹһֱֳһҶҾĸ̬
ҶҾʱ֮ͻ
ϾҶлʼұҶƶҲɵӣкھȶֵܻᣬ֮˵
ֻҪֵܹܻӷҳǳײȥҶҾһԾΪҳ֯Ȼ뷽ԣƸ¥͹ҲȥҳȻȻسҶҾĶһء
ԷҳΪأģҶҾͳһ޽Ŀ˺ܶ࡭

ԣһ졭
ҶҾҶƶ˵ָʾ֮£Ѹײڶ֮ƣֲֵܻڷҳٴʹ˹ͣ߼ʱزҵҶҾ֡
ҶҾڵֹģ˵Щ飬һ糿ʱѾ̫㹻ˡ
ϾҶҵŻǺܹõģʱͶҶҾµ޽ɢޣҲѾﵽĹģ
ļ󣬴ȨҶƶ˲һɡ֣С΢о
дʵαڽС΢СֵܻᣬС߹Ը󱲣ƽ̫ࣿ
Ȼˣһ峿
ֵܻ֮ǰһ·˱ܣֻڻرܼˣȴ˼ûеޣ㴥ޣ޿֮ʣȻ̣ìܳ׼
үϢʱڳ緹
ȻһϢʱһڷҭں²ʲ£ֱۣûҭڷϡ
ԱæҵĺһͨʩȣűһʥԪ۷ҭı־硣
ȿȿȡүӾ춯صĿ˰ӣ˵һ仰
ʵ˵һ仰е㲻ʵϾ֣ɵƣ
ֵָָ֪Ҷƶˣ˵Լ㱻ҭ顣
֮ǻ߿ŭ֮У
һĿࡣ
ˣ
үѾûôڳˣ
⵱һܾԶܾԶʱˡ
ȻүӶû˵ƨһԳŶȥ
ٶ֮죬ûϡ
ͷӣ㴩ӰϷļǵĳţүѾ֪ȥ򡭡
ϺͿʱأ˷ë꣬ԽԽȥˡϷŭ

ʱ֮ؼң鷿֮С
һˮ߸ͷˢˢĳ档
Ҳ٣ǳˡүһŭ𣺡쵰ôôأֵܻڷҳǵǰ֮У̬ȶǿνΪƵġؼǣ˼һֱ̬ѹọ́ǶԿػȳֵܻ֣⡭Ҳ˵ȥⲻǵʩô
ԹгĲȥȶûɶȻѣ͵Ӳ⡭˼𣿣
үӶԴȻҲǴΪ˭⣿
˭ǺôϲҶӣүӷŰۡ


121 ֵܻ
ɧɧѾͷҪ
ô죿
ͷһҪõ⡣
Ϲأô˵ϾүӿŰ춼ûĹ档
үӵɫȻͷҪõö࣬ڵĺȲ裬ƤҲû̧һ¡
˿̣ϸǵˢˢؿүӲƵ̧Ƥô˵ô˵ҶСεĶ˵Ǵֱʣһȫֵܻͣʮ⡭ͨζջÿ֮ԴһСȷʵҶҾĿⷿЩȻûʲô˵ģ˳µ飻һɾͲ˵ˣ˴սսƷľ󲿷֣ȫ䵽ҶҾԱ˽¿ɺ˵
Ȳ˵ֵܻʧֻ˵αʵӰ죬ֵܻᣬǻʲôӦʲôӦ
үƵүӡ
үɫʱһڣһֵ²˽ᣬֵܻỹк޽㣿Ҫ˵ưԣתأҶҾϹ黹ԴǸûã
ֻݱ䵽ݵľ棡ûеڶܣү˵ġ
үӵͷ˵ô˵ݵľѾעⲻǽ𣿻ʲôҪأүƵĸۣˣֻˡ
ˣ˳ϵ֮⣬һԵǼϼһҲɣڴµķչֵܻȫ̶ίʼգֵܻҶҾе⣬һ٣ٶͳ⡣ѾܵĸǷ㣬ˣ˵ȥԸЩģһԶԸǡ
ֵܻţȻǳžžžˣӵǶ˵ǰ㶼ռģǡɶģ֪˵ʲô˼ɣ
үӻ˻βƮƮ˵㣬ɽɢɵֵܻصģҪֵܻϴ󣬴˿ֻɱĳ嶯ˡ˰̫˶Ѽˡ
ͷһ̾
ʵɲ壬ίʵֵܻᡢнɢΪصĶ
û޵ĶͷΨˣϬȡʤܰһ棬Ѿ˲̤ڵϵϡ
үӵҿԶԣֵܻĴѾ·ˡ
ôӦԣүʵ
ôӦȻҪҶӵֶΰүƮƮ˵ֻƹɣƷ񡭡ֵõҹܡ
ֵܻļһƾڵҶҾԵֵסʱ˿̣Ѿﻢ£ֻܱӲˣҪɢֲܵĻҶҾȻ̣ǱҲ˵ȥҪǹܵĻƱҪֵܻᡭʤϡ
үɫ
ǼҹȻʮ̣ѰȻǲڻ£ֵܻѰ޽ҲѾʮꡭһֱ躹ޣҽʵعϣ˼ȴȡҳǹ㣬Ϊƺ⣬ֵܻɢҲʵű˴ల£תء
սֹۡү˵
ڵĵ֮ȴҪһվһֵܻķԼǴսľģܹȷĻ²ָҶҾǵ˳ãһ澳һǧ˵Ц
սǰһ䣬˵۾žˢˢضүߡ
ңǿҸүվһĮǹؼңѾƳȥһΡôǻƳȥڶΣɵСô
ͷϵʱһȣһʱ䲢һ˿˵
֮һ仰ǰ˭ȥ˭ȥǹؼˣҪϢ
үЦһﳤȥ
ȴһ˳
ڹû֮ǰ߼ԼɹؼҴͷ󣬽ˮؼȫĵͶ룬Ȼв𣬵ȷʵѾһͷˣ˼ȳ棬Ȼǲʣ˵ȥġ
˼ҹ϶ѻŵϣؼˣνƣȻˣͷ˼ҲûҪؼϣ
ؼҲϾ͵֮һϣͨ״ҲͶˣȴڣһֵܻһҳ棬ֻ¶ֹۣʧء
ʧһҲԸе
ɲָУҶҾʵĸʢµġҶ桱Ҷ£߶ѾλҶƶҶ½֪ڹȴҪڵһԵĶˡ
ǰ֮ƣǽάôѡԵѾ棡
λҶҴʵڡүҡͷ겻ѣү˵үӷ˷ۣͷȥ
⼸ͷȻͬʱ˾ҶЦһ̾˿


122 Ұ
ҶЦҶƶ˶Աȣֱ
һػ֮־ȴȴ򣬲ΪӪֶβնңÿһ仯⣬𾪣ϸȴֶ֮У֮ڡ
һȴǿƣ߻£ʵȴһһ־״쿪Ĳݰ
ȽϣС
Ǿ仰˱˵ûбȽϾû˺ǰҶЦ˿̸ŰеҶƶˣ÷θ˾ʱ˿ֹ̣ǹͷˣҲ˺òã
¸ģͲмֻ㱵롣
˶үӣүӣүӵλү룬Դ˼ֻñ˴֮Сֶ̽Բߡ
Ȼ죬үٿȻһ̾д˽٣˭Ҳ㲻˵ãʱϷˮɡֵܻŭ˷ɣֻµƾһ֮Կ⡣
үӽεڼ֮࣬ص̾˿Ȼ˿̵Ըӣ

ҳһʱľ޴ʣ޽
޽ʮ󳬼ֵܻȻҪڹ뷭긲¥˶ֵ֪ܻ޽ϵ
ͷƸ¥ڼ˵ĸֵܹܻսԱϣȴԶԶ硣
ֵֻܻӸ˵ȫĽȫɽɢ齨ǷȱĵͷƸ¥ȴ񱳾ֵܻ֮£λӵ
ʵЩֵܻһֱá
Ϊǿó޽֮׵ıƸ¥ƶһ·ҳķ֮һĵ̣ʵֵܻһ䵽ʮĵλ
еǰ˿úʮ󸴳ҶҾֵܻԾڱһ÷룬ʹʹ˻ǰ׵λãҲûϵ֮Ҫͻ
һٶã˸оֵܻʵ̫ˣֻҪԷֵǿƣǾͻãȫ޵ߡ
Ȼ˼ʣֵܻڷҳʮ崦ⱻȫݻ٣ֻô
ҳǵˣͷƸ¥ȫڵ۾š
ֵܻỹһζȥôԺ޽ҪٱһˣֵܻὫʹһ겻ΪֻҪЩʵֻ¶ȥ²һֵܻᡣ
ѾһжΪʲôأһòأ
ɣһΣô˵ֵܻһǲ˵ġ
ˣҪҶִƵ
ҶҾ
ͬһϾ⡣
һԺпܾôˣ
Ҷҳʮس赲ԼǰĽŲ
˵ȴҲҶԵĵһӲ̣
һ˫û·Ҫȡʤսۣ
˶ڵſֵܻķӦ

ֻһ֮䣬ȴǺͻأط
һ˳ӼԶĵطȻ𣬹

һ죬Էҳλ
ֻ߸֣ĺ֮ڽֵܣ
Ѫ߸ߴ
пһĵˣһ
֮Ҷʮ£ȻֵܻͬѾټʱⲻ˼ˣ
Υ棬ֵܻķҳǷˡ
˲վһɪУ̻¶Լţһֳֵݸ㣻Ϲˣڳ
ֵܻۺڷҳǵ֡Ще֣һȫ
һġ
һ棬ĺ֮ڽֵܵģ
ҶҾҪǿפЩӣȴʱ⵽ǿҵĵֿսѾʮ
Ҷƶ˿߸ߴģ۾ﾡǺεŭ⡣
ｭʵ̫£
ûбûе̣ƾһѪ͸ҶҶϣ

ϣٰε죡߸ү֮ǰǶͬԼ飬ԼҶҾĸ߲ǰȻ߸үŭһ٣ǷݶС
Ҷƶĵصһǰ
ֻҫ۵սߵȨ
Ȩ
ս֮
Ȼǲңʵ˵ǿҶƶ˵ʵνν޽ʵֵܻһٴ壬޽ǰĲкǵİɡ
巽ϢѾһǰ֣Ȼ֮ڸϵ
ֻǣһҪǵ֮ǰһ
ü忴ԼһֵܻķûĻô룿
Ҷƶ˴˼Ƿ˺ġ
ϧһдۣȫģε죡
ɱ
һ£ҶҾӦ˷˹ȥ
˲䣬Ѫϣ


123 ĺ֮ڽֵ
ʱҶҾĿս޲ʤ޲ˣսȷʵԻ֮ͣǰǿƽӹֵܻڷҳǵвҵʢ֮ʱ˼ȷʵڡɱڣ
пһĻľˣ鲻Խı۾
ǰ񣬾ǹŽ񺱼
۾ѪϣѪɺӣƯʬơ
ֵܻ᷽ȻҲ٣оΪ֮˵زֵһҳǷãжٸ߶սֵܻȡ濪߲߶սɢҳȻƽټ£ֵܻ᱾ӳ˭̫ͷ϶ǿƸ¥а˵ͬҲԹһֵܻỢ룬˼ʱҸȻпء
ҶҾһ֣ͳֳһ浹ѹ֮ơ
ĸĿĹѪУҶҾĺɫɫͺʻ˴󺣵Ĵ󴬣ֲնˣǰֵܻ᷽ǰͺ̳裬ȴֱ۵һһ£һĵ£ȫ޿ҶҾ֮ܡ
ĺӲҽŵ֫ϱۣҷɡ
ҳĵشתۼѪɺӡ
Ȼʹսб˹ػ֮µֵܻ֮ˣȴʼûж
ǵֵܻս죻ս
Լҵֵһ¾ѣȴԾһ
ƴƱػɱԼǰǿȥսս
ԼǳȥԼҵսȴػ
ĺ֮ڣֵܣ
һŭһ޷˵سǰȥȻԼţܵӭһҶҾֵĵ棬˲ʱ壬ѳ֮Ȼȴûκʹı飬أԴȣľס˶Է
˴ȡļߵѩ£ʱҶҾֿ⽴
ĺ֮ڽֵܣ
˷׷׽к仰ƺںԼһһ޻صسȥ޷˵
ĵļǧ˶ᡣ
ᣬһ˻ߵ
ĺ֮ڽֵܣ
һҶҾԪ֣ͻȻŭһһתԼĵٻӶʩϮȻ߰ҶҾڵء
һ±Ҹȴ˭Ҳû뵽ģϾԼͻȻԼ˳֣ʵ̫
ʲôˣ˴ŭȡ
Цȫ޷֮⣬ӵɱնɱҶҾߡҶҾĸ߽зˣһش漴ķնϣŵһأһĺ֮ڣֵܣ
ض
Ȼ󵹸ǸƵһĻҶҾӪ֮УȻϵķˣôȥ
ǣǡֵܻˡ
ǷԵףıǰ;תͶҶҾԵʶҶҾġһ̣ЩӾȫȻϧԼΣٹעԼʹֻѪһǾѡ¶ҲҪΪֵܡһ
ǽжѪԡ
ǲ踺أܱһʱ֮裬ıǧҵȴѪ
ѪѪԣг嶯
ֵܣ
ֵܻᣡ
ĺ֮ڽֵܵĺ쳹ҳǡ
ҳ˷˷ɱһĽǼ꣬һķ糾͡
һͣͣٳţ˵Գɱĵط
ҵֵܡ
ĺ֮ڣֵܡ
֧Ԯ
Ԯ

˷ѪжʮسҶҾЩǰͺ̣ͬɶ˻һս֣֪Ťתս֡
Ծ޷ˣԶǧﱼɱͶȥҲ޷ˣ
ѪԽԽ࣬ʬԽԽࡣ
ֵܻ᷽֣ɱɱɱġ
ս³ʱضڼֵܻһӪ
ѪԼŨѪȣҶƶ˴һʼһо֮еĵȻЦݣЦݶڴߣµɫף̲ס
ȻңвͬѰȴûмһôˡ
ΪֻҪնɱԷһԿ֮ЧֵܻȽɢ֯Ƿȱв£ȻսĻɢɽɢ̡뵽һ㡢սǳ֮壬Ȼᱬ˾޴ˡ
ǰս˲ҡ
Է˵Ĳ˺ƴۣȫںĶ־ģȻĪܿ⡣
ҶƶʶԼһӪս£ѾԼƿأݱһľҰҡջսµʤδԼ
һҶҾƣΣ
սĻɢɽɢֽ˭


124 Ϲ
˭㶯ֵģүڰʱӵǰսϢһһȴΪʱӡ
ʱ˿̣ⳡսµյѾ޷رܣ޷ֹ֣
˫˶Ѿɱۡ
ʬأѪɺӣݣΨһʧܶգʱְҵģҶҾһ
ү۾ˣһѾסҶƶˣ˻ŭȣ˭㶯ֵģ㶯֣ѡô֪ڸʲôôΪʲôҪɱôĵͽߣô뵽ʲôĿģ
ҶƶɫǰܣҡΪ
Ϊʲôүɫϣŭһ֪ʲôĺ֮ڽֵ𣿣֪ʲôǽ𣿰֪ʲôֵ壿֪
˵ͻȻؿڣҵĿ
β̾һˣȫˡ
ס֣үӸϹӷŭȡ
Ҷƶ˶һ£ԥƱһ¶ˣԼ
ס֣ס֣
үӵ³ߴϹǧ׸߼ǿֹ֮£һɱݸֹͣ
˵һҾ徵ɱ¾ڱʱֹ
˼ʷҳϿյѪζȻγһƬɺþòɢ
ϣˣȫʬ塣
ߵѪԶȳʢսȻʱͽߣ˫ۻԾɳԽ֮ôŵѪȣͬСɣ
ǰ޵һĲλүӳɵˣղȫԸ˫ƴսֻþһƳȻҲľײ˼ʶϸĴĿġ
⡭һʲô
棬ŨѪ֮УԾӭƮ
ˣͬһվţĶߡ
ʹǿȴû˵Ҳû
á
˶վߴһˣֵܻפطҳǵܣһǳţһƬĿѪ
үɳɤǰȥ
ÿޱ飬ȵ
Ȼפطҳǵֵܻͳ죬ΪǺܸߣΪξð֮أѱжΪҪôߵΪֻҪ߳ڸ֮Уֵܻãĵؽ磬Ϊ̫ߣãܵΪֻԪƷѡ
үӵʱ򣬴δЦǫֵġ
Ȼ˿̣һЦģˣȴ˿ҲԴɫ
үȻ֪Է飬ʶ̾˿һߡ
һߵѪУϵѪȻס
һ̾ҵز
ӣĿռָȡһֻͭ裬ֱϵѪˮһһͭ裬һֱͭ硣
Ȼͭ裬ľľߡ
˵ȵأһҲû䡣
п߻ֵܻԱȫһԲÿ·
һֱߵ֮¡
ȻȻԾһ񣬾ǽһͭѪȫϡ
ĺ֮ڣֵܡ
ӭƮĴ죬ѪˮȻ䣬һεεѪӴ¶ˣ䣬Ѫʡ
ѪȾֵ죬ҳǣ
Ȼܾվ֮£µѪͷ˳ͷһֱ棬»䵽ϣʼһ
ԶƺȻ
һ쳤磬۶
һ˵ĵƺǧơ
һ״󺺣Ȼڿ
һ£ͷۣĸߴòֺ֮˵һ׳ӡ
է޲жȻһ

ֵܻʮң
ʮֵۣܵ
񱪣׷ơ
׷һ۾Ϳϵĺ˾һסˣ
ȻǰһĻȻԤ룬ʵкֹǰ״ǳ˵Ԥƣ
һ̣׷ڿתѾѪմȾģֵ죬ͻȻһ㷢һ׶ѪĴС
˭ɱҵֵܣ
һУͬէʣ
ֻõϵѪҲ֮ɣѪ졣
ƺȥֵܣԼϴ磬˵Լԩ

׷ХХѿգԶԶֱϾ죬˾
Ȼ˺һֱ
ֵ¡
ô£ض˹׷Զ˿̵Ŀ⣬ȻѾӽңҪһйͨ
ǣǡĿ⽩ֱĿŶ棺һֱõˡ֮ҶҶҵˡ
֮ҶҶҵˣ
׷͵վֱӣͬһͷŭʨתҶߡ
Ŀ⣬׺ݣ˵
Ϊʲô
ĿնҶƶϡȻ˴ɵĿռ䣬ҶƶԾظܵԼһһĴʹ
λ񱪵ΪȻѾȵز
׷ƵĿϾֻͣһ˲תүϣֻͬͣһ˲ĿǽתүӣүӣүӵϤתһȦͻȻһұߵĴЦ
һ֮Ҷһ߶νҶ𣿣
ֻڵ͵һ壬ͻȻһ׹⣬漲֮ٳ˹
ƣ֮Ķһ֮ƣȻֳ࣬޴ɣһãһƣ
˫ᣡ
׷ƾȻһ֣óƴļƣʩչѹ׵Ŀұ죡
ߴͬʱԴ
׷Ƶƣֻһ֮ƣҪɥ¡
ۣ
һȡ
׷ԭѾ¶ƴľģһ֮ƣһ޻أͷûκֹܹ
Ȼէֵһȣ̫ߡ
Ȼ׷ȴʱͣӲͣ
ͣڶս˫λãѪϿա
һ̣һӰȻ֣һ£·ѪͬһʹĪ
ƮȻ£׷Ʋ
վ׷ߵһ̣˶һǰˣûֿܹ֮Ҫɱκһͱ뽫һɱ
ˣһ干ģ
磡׷תͷԭֻҪкһžͱһһ֮󣬾Ȼɺޡ
ˣֵܰ
׷ƺޣύӡ
ڿԼ֮ͷײСֱѪй޾ŭĿ񱪣ȻһίСӡ
֪ȫ֪ˣ
Լ۵ܵļ򣺡½Ҵ¶û˵Ŀܡ
š׷ƳҭһȻվļްϢǽлȨʹó
ֵܻҲֵܻңͨϹֻ֮½ݱһˡ
ȺУ֪˭͵͵˵һ仰
˶ʱȻֵܻˡ
һУֻҪ˵ˣͿ
Ϲֵ֣ܻ֮ͨңֵܻ
˵ֵܻļӣһִģϵ£ڶ⣬޾ϸϹȻУսͣԼҪĲ߻ָӡ
ϹŲߣ£쳾캱֮棡
ڵǰȹؼʱ̣ϹҶҾһߴÿˣʶһ¡
λ˵ֵܻ֮ңųֵ֮ͨĺݽɫȻôľ
£ע˵ģ

ֵܻĴУѾͨϹۡʹӣҲѾˡ
Զһϣһ̬ȻϣڴǰӸ¸ߵ̬չϾһƬζɫ
үһֽΣǰһĿĿʵ
ΣΣˡ˺һϹ϶֮սǸһˣλֵܻүɲǸ򵥽ɫ
Ϊֵܻ᷽Ĳ֪ǰսΪʲôǱǰƫƫλǼͷơǬļһѾ¶ֵܻ߲˼̬ڵǰϣȥ
˶٣ղſ۳֣Ϊ̬һ˫߼ˣһһش˼Ϲ٣Ʊؾʹ˸һ䣬ûиɸĿܣǰľѾ㹻ˣֵܻԺ֪ʲôĳȴҲҶҾݵ
漴ʩʩȻվߣȻ棬Ǿνﶺãû׼Ϲ߼ҵֻϺϼ޻Ϊ֮ˣҪǸоԾĵطʣµģ˳Ȼɡ
δ䣬վˮһ˳ȥͷûУްջ
ߵˣ뿪ֻһտյķ䡣

·
Ϲ׿Ѫâһ漴ָƽڳߴҶҾˣ˼Ƿþͽ֮վһλҸ˵
Ϲ˵ƽ˵ЩȻ
УһȻ֮ȴȻҡ
Ϲ˵仰ͻعͷ
ϿƮֵս죬ϻδ̵ѪǾҵĳ鴤һ¡
񣬱ǰĺ䡣


125 Ϊɱң
λүϾһĨѿ
·̫ͻأҸ̬ǴֲȫӦ³̣һֱ˿̣Ƕ֪̬Ϊʲôἤǰȵز
ǣΣʲôʣ̬ԴͷҶҾֵܻټҲȫɥҶҾ֮£ֵܻҳǵĲԴȵȵȵȡ
⼸λүӴ˼֪Լô˵Ͼ۴ǸǶ˵ҶҾȫռġ
ȻڷҳǼٸʱ֡ȴΪ󶥼֪ʵΪӲڷҳ֮ĵؽжŻ֮ӶֵܻڷҳȻÿڣȴʼղҳǼһӦɣ޷˵Ǹӡ
ҶҾǿһ̾ڷҳǵĸֵܻŴãѹΧọ́ͳɲһ㣬˵ˣҶƶΪֵܻۣ۸˵Ķеףۼȫȫɱֵܻ֮ˣǿɱͽߣγǰĲҾ磡
ƣ˭ףλүӶǴ֮ˣʵڲԸǲûģ۾˵ϹһʱԶԡ
ٹƬ̣ү״شչЦǿЦصϹٻԶʧԶӭǺǡ
ϹԵĮһӭӾܳظ
ָָϺ˵ʬ壺ֵܵʬӭҵģ¡кؼ߶ʵʵϹƽһ⡣
̫¡ˡϹһ
Ҷƶ˴ʱȻ̤ǰһֵܻϹ
үӵһȻ
Ҷƶʱʲô
ϹߴỰһ֮Ľ̸ҶƶҶҾ䣬ȴҲӦ˰ѻ˵갡
ϹԺٺһЦһ˶˸߸ϵλſؾǴ֮Ҷϵˣ׾ƶ֮ϵҶƶˣҶӰɣ
Ҷƶ粻ղŵĲҵݣɫȻǵȻЦ⣬Ĵҷ緶˼ȴҲʵֳַȣϹٻ׹ռȻϹٻôýĿǰҵˣν
Ϲʱ¶֮ɫȻҵˣҶӣʲôˣز֪
Ѫ糱βˣ
ȻϹɫȻѼȴ·һ㡣
Ҷƶ΢΢Ǻһ£ҡ
ϹԽؿڵԴֵܻפҳǣ֮ãǴûڷҳǷչֻһ̻ķãҶӿ֪ԭô
ҶƶԲһ㶣ʶĻشͽ̡
ԭʵܼ򵥣ΪҳҶ쳾Ҷ˼żΪұɢΪֵĴ֮أҶ棬Ҷ£߶Щͬɢ޳ǰЩɢ𾴡
ʹ߶ҶԼ쳾֮󣬾ҲûгֹҲûгƹʲôԾɲð֮ǣɢ޵ĳʥ֮ء
ǻֵܻװûнҳǡϿǴ֮Ҷĵ̣߶פصĵ̡
ʼطҳǵ򣬴Խ׳һǲܣֻǲԸϹһ㣬λ֤Է顣
֮Ҷֳ徣֮ˮ棬ҶƹԾǣΪһ壬ôڴҪһ䣺֮䣬ʲôˣ
ϹĻһһڳÿ˶
ȻʼյĮеǷݷȴǺ֮
λүǺ죬ȴ޻˵ҶƶΪ֮
ԴӷҳǽǱ֪֮ҶڼȴʼղǴãԭĵ̶óֵܻʵҪôô֮ôΪ֮Ҷ߶ͬɢ޳Ľͣ
ͬͬԴӦ֣𾴣ء
ڷҳ֮УǲκͻʹԾ֮ǰнʱһ޶ǻ֪
ʼձ֪ôֵܻҶҾ֮䣬ʲôˣʲôˣʲôˣ˺
ϹĿ𽥳ֳɱңֵܻᣬĺ֮ڽֵܣ޽ֻҪеֵַܻȨģǾһƱҪսףһѪΨڷҳǣȴǴûκˣκʵս
֮䣬ʲô˿ԣ
ԴҶӳ֣ҶҾɳ֣ɨֵܻڶҶľ⣬ѡ˲ԳõһУȫ˳ȥΪǵ֪УҶҲǽˣͬˣѾز˿ԣ
ҶҾ齨һֻ¹⾰д֮ҶҶĺ߶ļӳ֣ֵܻη𣿿Цʱʾгҳǵļ󣬴֮Ҷ߶ʮ٣ҳǱ˼ҵĵ̣ó˵أʧȴΥģڻǰ֮£Ҳ֪˫νԭ
ҶһһˣһһˣҪһ䣬˺ڣ
Ҫν
ϹĿϬ罣Խʱռ䣬Ҷƶϡ
һ֮䣬ֵܻĻҵ̱ӹܣԴҶҾУֵܵסΪƽأǿַ˹ҶҾһô˵ѹԾѡãô˵֮˵Ļ˺
ǶѾõزһֵֵֻܻܽս죬Ҫ¾
ϹĿĪǣ޶˵ɱĿѪȣص޹ֵѪҶӿеν𣿡
Ҷƶһʱƿԡ
Է絶ԴǷҶƶ˱µһ仰Ҳ˵
˵±
˿ٶ֮ΪƱˣôܲ
ؼһ䣬Խֵܻ壬κ𣿡Ϲүӣʵ
侲УѾðѪɫ
үӳ̾ȴ֪仰Ǳشģ۾ûС
ϹͷĿٶתүӣүӣֵܻйˣ
үһ࣬ȴǶȻûУ
Ϲһ˹ȥһ˹ȥ
λүӵı죬ȴһûУ
Ϊȷûзκεˡ
ڹۣҲǲʽƱ磬۾˵Ϲģֻܸ˲ݣ
ϹĿעҶƶϣĴɣڴѯҶһ䣬ղŹһһˣԵɣ蹫һŵֻҪӿһʵҶӳڷҳ֮Ϊʼһֱ֮ǰֻҪֵܻǹ㣬ǹҶҾκ¼
ֵܻ
Ҷ߼ˣڿԵˣ¼Ȼ٣빫ʾһֵܻЩɥֵܿĿ³֮Ȼ
УϹȥմһҳһ
У
Ϲһȡ
ҶƶĿ࣬
Ϲ׷ʵֻһɣѵ֪Ȩô
ҶƶĽƱһǻߣеעĿ۽ԼйԴʾԳڣǿڣҲڸƽЦþò
Ҷػǲô˵һҲûУϹͻȻһȣһûУ̸ˣ˺ڣ
һȣͻأȴƾ죬ֱʿռҲΪ֧֮飬ڳˣһ𶯵𺳡
ûСҶƶǱᣬĺ˲䣬ܵ˵֡
ûУϹЦ룬ʹƺʹࣺûУҶӣ֣㵽˵ڵģ
ǰԩ꣡Ϲѣ˵ûУ
ȻûУôһɱȴΪζ
Ϲһֱ˴˿̣𽥶ͱ˵ζԼһȻѹ
ȻҶ۲ԵɣѾȥֵܣٶҶһ仰İߵס
Ϲ̤ǰһĿǰδе䣬ͬӵ֮ͶĿ⣬ͳʵΪɱң
Ϊʲôɱң
Ȼ˴Թ޳Ϊʲôɱң
Ȼ˴˲ˣΪʲôɱң
ǴδκһˣΪɱң
Ϊʲôɱң
Ϲ˱ʹζ
һһʣԵ֮еѪߡǰһڿлصһѾſռ
һĿߣγһ಻ˣӿȣƵ֮¡
ͬԩ꣬Ԫ鲻ۺڴ˵أŭҶƶˣͬʱʣΪɱң
˹ǿԽնҶƶ͵غɫɷףްʿԡ
ʵҲֹҶƶ˱ˣҶҾҲΪǰƥƣһɫڶֻһ˵֮£ƾΪ֮ᣡ


126 
Ҷƶĺ˵ͬʱר˾֮ҶǰһҶƶǰ档
ȻŶԷƣԩֱıĿʣҲܣһӴɫִ࣬ݡ
Ҷƶ˵֣϶һȻָͬʱȴ̲סһ߳ŭ
ԼΪҶҺˣȻһɵƸסˣ
ֱ̫ˣ̫˼ˣ
ǡˡġ
俪ڵҳǣֻ˵֮ԴӽҶҵ̣ʵδı˴ҶسҳȻҪعԭ
ֵܻѾռȵô꣬㣬黹ѵ
ȻҶҪջرǵĶôֵܻռĲҵȻҪȡޣ棬кʲôĵطղҲ˵ֵܻѾҳ꣬棬һ㣬ô
ڽ֮ѪȻּǽبԽˣϹٻ᲻׸иɣǻԾɾƣֻ˵ˣǸɣǸɣˣҶƶ˲˵
Ҳ˵Ҷƶ˵Ƿȴò޴˵ļţȫȻ飬Ȼ·ͨǲ֮ͨˣ
ϧڳˣλүӵɫԾɲãȸղŻѿ
ϹɫȻһ䣬ͻأطһĳХҶӣ˵ǽҲ˵һжȫս˵ķʽ𣿡
ҶƶȻ֪ԼѾԷ׵ļŭˣڣѾﻢ£ûأӲͷƤ˵
ȻҶƶҲǰ֮˵ƣ͵ǰʵۣԾҶҾһռţؼǣ֮ǰʵδս˿λүӶѵҶƶ˾ͲǻĿԼն֣һλֵģĪ˵һϹֵܻΣ
ܹΪ߶ˣʵǾܵλ
էҶƶ˽˵үӵɫΪ֮һ䣬Ҫ˵ȴϹǱѾ޿ˡ
ȻҶ½ˣǱʤ̭ǿǿΪʤ
Ϲ˵Ҳҳˣֵܻ᱾һӽɢޱšպһ֮֯Ҷ߶ֺγǽɢޣ±͸ѭ˶ϣ
Ȼҽ˵ˣôϹڴ˴ֵܻһ£ֵܻ֮ǰڷҳǵãӹţȣֵܻľʧΪˣԻֵܻһսѵֵ֣ܻһս
ֵܻ֮᲻κãֻһ
ձ¾ֵܣֵܻսʧҸ˴ƣδۿˣսֵܲް
һֵۣܻԣѪծѪ˶ϣҲǽأ
Ҵֵֵܻڴʽ棬ֵܻ֮봹֮Ҷ߶壬죬Ʋݣ
֮Ѫ޻֮գ
仰˵λͬʱһ𣻴ӴԺֵܻ޺ͽܡ
ԭԳΪѵġ
Ϲ֮ͦɫһܣ
ڣܻ̤ǰ
ϹĿǰ˴ѵֵʬ壬ÿһʬ嶼ҪȷϱͥŮĸ֡ȫףҪ֪쵽жֵܣΪҵĴ¡
Ѫ
ÿһ֣һѪծ
֮ڣ
ǣͦǹӦ
ִУϹɫһӡ
ǣתֵǣ
׷ǰһϹվѪλãͦɣֵˣ˫ֱأעŶҶҾˣ۾ɭȻ
Ϲһ̬ȣֵֻܵʲôҪᣬԷʱ˻ϮҲһ絣ˣ
һ׳ҵĸоΧ˲ʱÿ˵
λүȻر˫ۡ
飬Ѿȥ޷صĵز
ۣûӮң
ҶҾģֵܻʧֵܣ
ΨйүӼĿϹ۾ؿλֵܻӹһ˿ӺԳʹ
үƳ̾
֪ס
Ҳֻļ֪Σ˼ȴ˵ʲôûˡ
ѳɶ֣˵ʲôûˣ
Ϊʲôֵܻ֮Ϊ׵ʮλУۣ
ЩսɣսΪʲôһҲû
ΪЩλ߶ˣһս֮УıƵӰӡ
û൱ûı˵ûӰҶƶ˵жϣһսԴǴҲ϶ϲĲң


127 Ŀɳ
λүӶ뵽ֵܻĸ߲ͬҲ뵽
ֵֻܻˣлֵܻϹѾһ̬ȣԸıߵóѣ̵Ϲ֮Ҷƶܹ̬ȷ̬ŵõһЩ£δûתء
ûԸⱻ˵ǹʹ
Ϲǰ֮󣬼ʱֹսֹԼ۵ܣȻʼ̸·룬αҶľ⣬νǽͳʮ㣬˵Ļ±ȻƵĽʽϧһģõҶƶ޶ãǷȡ˼λүϹԻǷҲл𰡣
һУʹע޽⣬Ҳ޿ء
֪ձ֣̬ϼһıֵܻ˵ѪծʼҪһ
Ҷƶ˸Ľǽ֡
Ȼˣֵܻ᷽ȻҪԼ̬ȣ
̬עеڶֿܣӴԺֵܻҶҾ֮䣬ֻ
Ϲ˵ǰս£ôҲȥһֵܻӲڳôһôֵܣ
ߣҶƶ˴ûаս֮࣬º󷴶ǿй涨ؾǿ
ȥزֵܻỹ˵ʲô
ҶĹأҾͰĹظɣ
Ҷƶߣҷǿ׳죬Щʵĸ־ֻˣԺ𣬺βռƱˣҲǶֵܻһ첲
ǰϹǿŻԶ
ˣλүѹʰˣͶ㣬¶

Ⱥ𸽺ﲻ
ҶƶĿ˸Ȼ⶯
˵˵үҲ̲סȫϷ죡
УһƬѪ֮еϹ׷ɫĮƺȫȻûߵĹ룬ֻ۾ɨ˹
ɨʼ˵Ǹˡ
Ҷƶü˿նɱǿĴʱΪβû֣
үŭ׳գΪǰ˭ϹǶıƽС΢Ӳðգ±֣յأռȻȻ̡ϷԶԣĶ֣ҳǣֻ¾Ҫڽճ׻𣡡
ҶƶɫһݣⲾ˹
ʱͻȻ׶Ѫ𣺡
Ϲ˵
һսѵֺϹǧİٰʮˣ˲һǧپʮһˣܴ˼˵ƺҲڵѪ
ֵܾߣѡذᣬĹȵñΪֵǸο֮飬ĹհֵܻԱ̳ҳǣҳǣٲұɢҪ֮أ֮ϧ
Ϲͬ
ǣ
ϹƮգѵֵʬ壬һսռָ֮Ужᣬڿ۴һ
ĺ֮ڣֵܣ
·ֵܻ֮ˣ׷׻Ӧ磡
磡
Ϲһ֮࣬µͲѪˮǰߣ
׷ǴһϹǰȥ
ֵܻ֮ˣԥλͷ󣬳Ĭ̤ǰ
ϹٻҪôҶƶɫĮĿ⼫ɭȻעϹ
ϹĪ˵ССҳǣʹ޽ۺηεأϹĳ˵˵߾ߣûܹסңҶӿҪһ仰α
Ҷƶ˻Ҫ˵ʲôȴڼλүĿ֮£˻ȥٺһЦϹٻ֮ԱȻŵʱģߣɽģˮǽټ
Ϲ仰ϬĿҶƶͣ˺һᣬ¶һζЦݣݳǿһɵһĲмһˣƮƮ˵˵ĲҶӣǽټ
Ǳضټģ
Ϲŷҳȥ
󣬴ֵܻӣһ˶ҧۣһԲ
ֵܻᣬҶҾߴ壬С֪µĽˣֵܻȥһ̿ʼÿ˶ظо
һǰ籩
Ӧ˵Ѿˣ
ֻǴ˼ʣǰѣ
УַƺХ

ֵܻһ˳Ĭǰ֮ʣϹߵ׷Ʒŭĵʣ磬ղΪʲô֣˶ϴ£ΪʲôҪߣôֵȺޣ
Ϲ²ͣɫӦҳǣǶԷĴӪڡ
ӪΣ׷ţ˵ɱһ췭ظ
޴
Ϲǳ⣺ҶҾȻǲģҷƾͿ֮ߴļҲûʲô˲ǳ־ɱ֮ݷǷ֮Ҳ࣬ҶƶˣҲڻ£ǡ


128 
׷ƽӿڵʲô߸ϼһƽòȻ£䵽ϣԼˣӿʼ˵һ˻ҪţҸղ롭
ۣôĳ嶯ҸղҲ˵ˣҪɵ߸ϼһ£ɵΣֻὫ߶߱ƳϹ߸˵ʵȴǸĪ⣬ûĿӦһǶǣֻҪȫ
Ͼǵĸڡ
Ĳһϼһﲻ˵ʲôĴɱ䣬ҡǵĸҶСô޳ܣǼϼһҲҪվѪȫ
߶ĵߡڽգǲܴߡ
ǱҪȫʵԷսټ
һʱѪװ׵ɥʲô壿ȥ֣ǰװ޷ñ
ϹһͲ΢һӣ߶Ǹ巽ͬһʱǿߣӦ֮еκ֮һΪҶֻ˵˵ô
׷ƵͷˣùȥŵѵڱĵطɱǵˣͲ𼸸ϼһַô
£ˡϹҶСԼ˵ĹأԼĽأ˭˶ǺθɣϼһܻҪЩġ˵ˣ뿪˷ҳǵؽ磬߸ϼһȻ֣ҲǴպһְɣһǵһ˵ֻҪֵܳأʮֵܲе߸ϼһҲһкξ壿Ҷôˣʲô𣿡
ûˣˣȫˡ׷ķڷ

磬˵£ػᷢôͻȻܾܲԾ׷ơ
Զ׼иڱ֡ϹӦ
Է˭
󣡡
һһ
ϹҪӣֱӸ˴𰸡ƺǵУѾһȫ͸
Ȼ֪Ϊβ˵
˵к棿
ûаװ׵ı˿ӣ
ǲװױ˿ӡҶƶȴδˡ
ô˵
֪ڸܶ˶֪ΣλүҲ֪Ҷƶȴǲ֪ԣĴ˵Ӧõ˵ô
Ŷǲ˵ƣͿȥɣ
ҶƶȴûУõĸԣº˽ԣҲᡣԣҶƶ˵ҶҾᱻ
ǣǶԸҶƶˣֵܻҲš

磬˸пǺþû̾ˣ
ۣ֪ҸղŶҶС֮ԣȻΪռסȴҲмģҴӲԷƱҶ쳾ҶȷʵҸɽֹżǻڷҳǵĹҲίʵЩ
˵ﻰʵֺֹ㣬Ҷɢ˳羴Ŀ꣬һʵ̫ͻأһ̫֮𣡡
ֻǴ棬汾ĺҲǴ治֮Ҷʮֳ徣ĽƳֻҶƶһݰĻôҿɶԣ֮Ҷˣ
߶߸ͷ񲻾Ա硣
ǵȻֻҪʼҶƶˡǾע硣
ڰɡҵ˼˵ҶƶεԴܻҪǰɣ˼Ұƶ棬̬δػ̫ʧأ
ػûпĴ֮Ҷ߶ǽֵͣҶҴҶƶȴһ͵ӵܡ
أ
зֱ̫ˣӵܣҲδȫǲݰҶƶģʵҲһܽܳˣܹǰ뽭꣬δؾͲá
ҶҵǰĴȴǣһδĥֱӷ˺쳾Ⱦˡ
ӵܣкзȣıԣӵһпɹɹĻȻЩûоΪ֮ǰ̸ֻֽ
ң̫ߣĸëʱڸĥˡ
Ҷƶ˱ˣνǸеĴߣһۣѾϵë¶š
ֱӽ᷸󣻵Ҫ֪ڽ֮Уһ˴󣬻޷صĽ
ǵġǡһǾҪô죿
һȻǲȡֵܻԼİ·ʽϹЦЦ޽죬ֵ
أ
봹֮Ҷ߶ҶҾ֮𣡵֮У֮ѣ֮ѣΪ֮УϹģһֵš
ֵ֮ѪЭã죬ݣ
ǣ
ߣ
һƺƵʧڷҳš
ʱϦ죬ֻһյϼѪȾƬա



129 ս
ֵܻ飬ҶҾ£ܿ촫ҶЦ
ƨ¡ҶЦһ˵ʡ
Դȷʵţ޶ãͺȫ֪һ㣡
Ȼһ쿪ʼҶҾƺҵʲôһ㣬ȫֲֹչ˸޼ɵŹơ
ʮ׽˳߲
ںһʱҶЦҲΪ֮һͷ
ҶƶˣҽкŰ
ҳǷ֮ڣʹɱϣɱ֮һձһղҡ
ҶЦľʵȴҲȻ֮У׳ս֮˵ˣȻҲԽԽࡣ
ԵģõҲ¡վ۵һնһա
Ȼһ죬ҶҾһֱţɨһеҶҾӭһӭͷʹ
ǰδеӭͷʹ
ΪһҶҾĿֵ꣬Ƹ¥

ʱһֱ˳˳ˮ緢޼ɵҶҾͻȻϮԱ
αǵͷһȻҶҾķӦǾѣǷŭҶҾ齨ǳϮˣܹϮ¶϶ϲˣ
飬ûеҶƶʱҶҾһλͳѾʼ˷ϮרƸ¥ݱʶ֤ݶѰԵҶҾͳԣѾӦʮ֤ݣ
ҶҾ֮ǰͬǿɨҳֵ̲ܻ֯ȫ֮ҶҾѾռҳǳ֮ĵ̣֮Ӵ󣬿νǰ
ҲΪҶҾĺɨ֮ƣڵķҳǣֻ巽ռݷҳķ֮һ̵ķƸ¥а
Ȼǿռ֮һʼݷʱܱ̲ľãԼҶҾǿ֮һֱֻõҪھĹ
УҶҾȻףƸ¥аӴΣȻų޽ʮ֮ףڷҳռʵֻ֮Ǿĩ
ţӵ֮һ̵ľǾһ⣬ȫʵԣᣬֻΪֻΪʤ߶裬ʱȡã·Ϊ໥⣬ʱϾᣡ
£ҶҾһҶͻȻϮôͣͳǿƳƸ¥ķֲǷƸ¥սķҶҾϮκɱȣҶҾ֮ʦܿ䣬Ϲİٶһ⣬ȫС
Ƹ¥ķãҲȫҲ˼ʮˣҶҾͳ˶أִˡ
Ƹ¥ȻǲԼϮҶҾһ£ݱʶʲô֤ݣȻѾ˫ǰ˺Ƶص㣡
ǰ˺ص˫ˣìܻ¾治ҡ
ҶҾҪҷƸ¥Ҫ˵Ƹ¥ͬҪҶҾҪ˵˵ȴִң
ҶԼԩƸ¥ԼûɹƣϮҶҾ飬ҶҾͳûиǰ£Ϯˣ߼Ѱ·˺ȡ
ҶҾǼߣô˵õ˱־Ƹ¥ݱʶѾ֤˵ǸɵľͲǸɵģ浱ǺúŪ
˴˸Լֱˣʹ˱
Ȼ˫ҲбȽǵˣе֮ڵȻһ˫ɥαʵУòѾǱ߳ʹֻ֪ԭɣȴ˭Ҳã
˫Ȼݡ
ƫƫڣķþҲϮϮʵߣɱʮȫˣͻϮΨһµֻùƴ֮࣬˽µĶԷ䣬ȻνϮ覴áһƬҶӵı־ƵıʶòҶƶĴ϶С
粨Դͷٶ޿ɱٴζ׼ҶҾ
һպҶҾ뷭Ƹ¥ţ̸С˺ƵʱҶҾܲפϮ˳ȥɱһͨΪߣ±ʬƮȻȥ
Ϯϵȫûκοɹ׷Ѱ
֮û֪һϮ֮˵һƸ¥󣿻Ǳ
ˣ¼ٽһ
һʽҶƶ˸еЩͷöͬʱһҪ޽ƬؽгưԣҲһ򵥵飬Լôûģ
ǸƸ¥̸֮лü
̸еʵܼ򵥣ǧƪһɵ˺ƣ
ҶҾʲô˼
ʲô˼
ʲô˼Ǿʲô˼
㻹ֱ˵ɶ˼ɣ
ǱǲǸɵģ
ǲǸɵģ
㻹ϣ
ϣ
ҵʲôӢۺú
һҵô˵Ǹɵˣ
ΣΣ
Ļ£Ҫ̸֮¶ܣ
Ҫ˵ðʵҪ˵
ʵʲôɰ


130 ҽ
Ƿҳǡ޽쳾죬ʼȭͷǵ磡
ǰҶҾֵ̲ܻڷҳǵĻҵ֤ʵһ㣡
ҳǣʵˡҡֵʵں˼
˫˺Ƶƾ֣֮ҳǱҵ췭ظĵز
Դֵܻȫ泷֮󣬷ҳ˴˳ͻҹսҾ֣ͬԶңָӷƸ¥İ׹ӣҲ޷⡣
ͬģڷҳ֮һֱսͼǣɽۻ֮ĹҲܹ˽ȥһȥĪرս
ͬʱ޽ʮǰ׵ңҶƶòƺǿҶҾ֮ͱһ룻ߴһ״Ҳûκΰ취ûѡսˣֻӲͷƤȥ۶Ҷƶ˱жٲܲܿҶҾʹһ겻񰡣ʼǵ϶ĳ徵ҶƶλҶҵϵѪҲǲܳ¡
ĿǰҶɱ۾Ҷƶս֮оʲôϡ飿
һҪ֣ǰᣬλүӴݺѪ̣еĸӿνֻܱս
ڣûʲô·ˡ
սƴˣƸ¥ҶҾߴ壬Ҫһаˣ񾡳ǿʵ߷̶֣̼ʱ˴˴˸ɿ
ʵ˵һȴǽڷҳǵ룬ӦЩģڻڷҳеԶͷԵĽɫ׵ǰսԼСԲȥģҪȡ޿ܣȻǰţȻ͸ϽǷ֮ǰܹסСѾһˡ
Ȼҳǻ£ȻֻһҶЦľ
ȷһ˵á
ã͵ǰԣǷҳΪݣҲȻĵؽ磡
Ҫ̣ôܲ˲ˣ
ǰսΧǸ߽֮󣬶֮ƣƣһ£˵Ƚ£ʹиҽʦϳ˵ҩ뻹Ҫʱܸԭǡ
ãȻ˷ҳǡ޽쳾ҽƶɣȫ߽ߵƣһһּѸ٣ռѪȫ渴ԭģʽߣ⡭еаˣ
ֻÿһʱ䣬Ѵ룬ҶЦ˸ѾȷǽΨһƼĵʦݣҲע䳬Ȼĵλ
ԣҶƶ˶ҶЦεĿ˳ۣȴҲҵҶЦˡ
ΪҶЦֻҪһ˲ģܾҶҾΣԼ¾͵ôӴ˱ȱϵ
ͬĵǷƸ¥ǹʹҶЦʦεĴѣҲҶ֣ϾڵκһҶЦ֣ȻǷȺ֮ôһĵطȻƻǻɣ
ǻ쳣΢Ŀֲƽ⣬ܳӵзҳǵͷϾǰӵеĵĴҳ֮һĵ̣
ҶЦҶƶʵһ£ȥˣ
ôʱ䲻أмѾˣˣȴ˭µأ
ǡ
ȥԸҶЦҶЦľʹȫҲûκε˷ʵԣҶƶѹûʧҶЦʲôϵ
ⲢΪҶЦ鷳һǿɡ
ֻǣ鷳ңֽ׶βҡ
΢ͷãȷƹÿڡ
ͱ죬ǰѵõһĻڵǰʱ֮£ԺһĻ
ļˣϤƼſŶӡ
ҶҾˣƸ¥ˣˣа˵ˡ
ļҴ˴˽˴˴ðȫۼͬһص㣬Ȼûзս£ѾԳƵһ漣ˣȻصǿԸǻظ˵ĵطƻǱģȻطһݣҳ֮ĵķ
ֻϧֽ׶ΰ˶ԼҵĵλҲû൱ԾֻԼ϶һ϶еҴߣݿֲƽ߽⣬ֻȡȫƵʱ򣬴־͸ǶԼҶֵʱ˰ɣ
ſڵֵ׶죬ۿŵǰ״ҲΪ֮塣
Ƽãս֮վǽأ
˿ڵһλҽߣǷƸ¥ˡ
λվǰĴ󺺣ͷۣĿ࣬վͬһ£һѱơ
ҶʲôʱſʼﲡһĲͷ


131 
ճ̣֮ŶֹλʱҶԻ֣õĴҲ򿪡׶쵭˵
ôŭݵԱƿɲˣνȻ㵢һʲô⣬ô㣿
׶쵭Į˵ôô㣬ǸԼ֮£ãԾֻԾֵܣԼŵԶ뱾õΪߣûдƵľβߣĿǰշѵʽΪˣѾΥĳԣһ˵ҽ߾ͲҪϢѵ˵Ϊǵ˲Ҫ˵Ϣʱ䲻ɣ
Ƥһǵʱޣ³⣬ҽҽǵɡ˵ǵǷܹȵ˳ʩȣʲôϵ
㣡˫üһŭ濴׶죬ɭȻ֮ȫΡ
ϧ׶ɫĮȫȻ޶ԡ
á
ﶯ֣Ҫõȫɱ
˶أʲôλֻҪﶯ֣ҪõҽƷɱ
ҽƷɱԸˣһɱ˵һӦѣ֯ȫӴǸ䣬޲⣬ȴм˸Υ
۸ð׹⣺СӣҼסˣѪ񵶼סˣ
Ѫ񵶡
էȻĸ֣ڳ¶Ϊ֮һ
ֵҶҾ֮ˣҲһͷԭȻ
֪Ƹ¥¥׹ӣƶ֮֮㡣
Ů֮£Ҫһ˫ɱˡ
ѪԪ֮е
Ƹ¥ܹڶ̶ʱ޽ʮǰףʵʵû
ˣп񽣣Ѫ񵶡
УΪ׶β֪ʵòƸ¥漴ǳʲô£п񽣺Ϳ񵶳棬Ը㶨
û뵽ҳһηұʣ÷Ƹ¥ѪԪ
׶˸һ£ȻҲû뵽Լ˼ʶģһµĴǸ鵽ǰֻ¾㲻ȣҲԼĳ羴֮⣬Ȼ˿ȴֻһƬƽ˵׶´ܱ˼סҵ֣ʵǱңٳ豸
Ԫһٿڡ
һ߹֮У󺺶ԪĿ⣬¶ζ˺ۣҶҾ֮ʱƸ¥ͻȻսҲԣȻ˫ͬʱ֡
ʱԪˣһغһۡ
ԭ֮һֲáߺߡһһ
Ԫ˴Ѹ
˺ٺЦŴҪ༥ȴȻһö˵ȻöࣻȻԪ˼٣ҺȻҲ¶ǡ
Ż࣬һӰȻ£񻣬һ磬
һˣõվ˵أȻһɫȹȴ̫̫޵ĸоһͷںĳٲһɢ䣬ϣһϮɫɴֻ¶һ˫˵һĴ۾鶯ǳ
Ԫۼˣɫһһ㾹Ҳˡ
㶼ˣôܲأŮĿתȻһЦʹû׼ЦݣȴܸЦе޾ģջ
ȻԪЦȴЫһ֮࣬񶼿ǰ䱸
뷭Ƹ¥˫ţ˵صҶҾ֮ȴΡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ֮μүӵĳӣ˼ᣬ棬ȴĿҲ׶ԡ
үǽڹү֮ģʱүֵ۲ҶЦԹүӵĺãͬʱҲϣμҸȻǲؽԼĸ壬ԴУμҵϵߵģүӵĶӣء
ȻμҴӣΪ˲˴мֺ׶Ҳʶ˽˵ƣշ紫׶һŮɵ֮£˾Ҳ֮һȻʱףһʣا䣬˫̲壬ɳУ˿ȴΪҶҾҽֵġ
ҿ׶רעѪǺˣûעһͬʱеָм
Է޿ܲϵԼֻǲԼ̫ѿѡ
ļۼãԱξûһ͵ģҶҾԱȫʥнߣƸ¥λԱҲʥнײΣа˵һ߸ʥ߽ףȴǹ˵ʥߣл˹˴֮˵ʧΪء
Ҳѹֹ᷽ɳ˺


133 ҵĹ
¶󵽣ǹһ㣬Ÿλûɣ˵ųĴ۾ɨˣ˵ģ⿴Աô࣬ÿ˶ôʹ࡭иλúһСŮڴ⣬м
һ˵ɵЧȴǺ䶯ģ˶оһ캶ҡ
ҪڴӦ
ǲ̬Ϊ˶ᱻƻôԪڳΪߣȷӦ۾һɣۼҪ𣺡ǲǰģ
ЦȻôǣˣͲˡ
һָڿͬһȻʢһķҷͻȻϯȫ
һ̣˾ܵһλóԡ
ȴһۻңĿѣָۣ֮˾ɫ
Ϊڳλ˳Ѿı䡣
ԭڹǰķƸ¥ˣȻ䵽
Ǵмλõа˺ҶҾû
ɫ䣬ź˵۾Ȼ˾衣
ʲô
ǹЧüֱ̫ˣ
תƣŲǬԪͻȻһȣ㾹Ȼ˶תƴ󷨣
ȻһЦ񣺡λúүǼЦˣСŮ뷽ҶĿ
һ˲ԪɫʱüΪѿ
˸ô˵˵ĬȻ˶תƴ󷨣ƾݳɾͣһʵȻڳ֮ϣ
ȻǡʱĴŻͻȻ뵸㱼һţȻ󣬴Զ򿪣һɻ
Ȼ֮ʤ֮ˬѬѬȻ䣬Խһλóٵޱջ֮У
ŻеĲҽЦҶЦδ٣ѾͻĺϷˣ
һȻȴǲ꣡
ޱ˵ǰߣﵽʱ˳λ룬κ˲š
۲תȻǲСأ
һüֱӹǣ֮¾ҲǿԲСĵģ
һסˡ
ڲػ֮ǰҲܵĻػݣȴû뵽ԼȻôһ䲻νǴ³˼Ļػһʱ䣬ȻûзӦ
˵ɫһ˭
ꡣһش
ղѺ棬Ȼ֪㶯
漸Ϊ߶ǸȻ֮ܵнҪκ˿̬ԽǿӲԽãԲһǱӲǱģĸԷһ
𽣲֪꣬ղ˵仰Ϊʲô˵ԾɽȻԭ¶ѹ˼ȴȻǷâ¶ìͷֱָꡣ
֪ʵʵҡҡͷ΢Ц̧ͷֻ֪ٶôȥЩ½ʲôλȺ֮𣬺֣֮´Ҳ֪ɣ
صĴһʵżȻ
Ժ˵ݼʶΪۣʵڲʧ̬ˣ츳Ըӻֵгɣոȫ緢־֮ʣȴʱӭ˲ĵͷһ
ݴʵڰôʵľߣ覴ãֻ¾ҪĺŻԶˣ
Ůվ־֮һڶҧʵȻҲ˵λȺ֮ڵһλǲǿԽȥˣ
ҡҡͷܱǸǵʱڵһλģǷƸ¥֮ˣ󵽵Ļԭ򣬵һȥΣǷƸ¥ˡ
Եʱը˷Σղŷô쾢зƸ¥ȫŲ߾Ϲ󹤷򣬻ǵҽΣ
ⲻ֪ҽҶЦΪֵһ󵽣Ȩòʹ͵ðĹ
Ҳѭȭͷǵԭ˭ȭͷ󣬻˵˭ֶθߣֻҪ˻˾ͿȽȥôԺҪõĹʲô
ؿŲ꣬һٵı˶ײĸоʵ̫ˣһѹֵƣ֮
Ȼһ̾Ҫǰܱĵһˣɾǲꡣ
ȻԾһƽȻѾʼкˣƸ¥˵ĸλǿԽȥˣںҪҽﲡˣһ֣ƣ澲Ƭ̣԰ꡣ
ԪЦллõĹزκ˶ףʤ
㿪ʼ֣Ա͡
ԽӲվţԪ˴߹ʱԾܸоǹŭɵĻ󳩡


133 ˵
վûж֣֮ͻȻ͵³һһȫȻɣȻЦùȻãԭΪ䲻Ʋ̸չʢСô۽磬ίʵúܣóϷ

Ƹ¥Ԫһ˽ֻƬ̣˾Ϥ˳ȺҶЦҲûš
ʲôһŨߣȥͲԸˣԪһƾʲôȻǵһʱ㱻
ԪûܵеΧ֮⣬˾޶ңԼҵĿڴ͸⣬Ǵչһεѣһ˱֮ˣһڼʮң
ҶЦĹ涨ЩãЩ˶Ѿ˰ɣ϶ûΪҶЦЧܴӦЧһεĳŵΪеԼ
ȻЩܳУҶЦɴҪۡ
һˣʮң
ҾΣôͶԲ
ʷҽƷѣڳ̨ˡ
Ʊ֮ˣȻʮ֮ˣʮң
һң͵һڻңʮҡǾʮڣ
ʮһ
ǧΪ߽߻ܹ߳ѴҲ£ʵֻҪһ¾ͲʮҵĹ
Ĳʲôˣ
ɢ޷ưǰ׵ĺݽɫҵ׹֮ʱҲŲң껹ߵл൱ģνʮҵļֵ֪
߰˵ĴۣλƸ¥պյһ˫ɱ֮һԪ߳ʱҲ鲻Խĸеۡ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
һ˵۸ʱ򣬲ˣʼԼĶǲˡ
ֻɨ˵ʱȴһһЩοͷԱһʮǿɾǶʮˡ۹ô˵ҲҪҶˣҵõſɫȻĿģҲֵƱˣ
͵İQ¯
ò˭Ҳܽ˶ȵ÷Ƹ¥֮һϵһɣ

һʮ˾ʮ򣿣ң
˵۾ɵԲԲģһȫòҶЦ̲סһǳ˲ͷ
ȻǼ֮˼ȴ̲סʧ̬Ⱦ۵ƷãȻԺ˵Ҳƽһ˵
νʨӴſҲͲ˶Ѱɣ
һֱˡҶЦߺ˹Գȥʵӹ󣬿Ѱҽߣűҽһӣ۱ˡ
˺Щƨҽ߶ʲô£һ˵Ϊ㣬һ˵ԳԵģȴ˵Ҫҽΰ꣬꣬ȫ渴ԭʮ꣬ΪôѰ˼˵ڵġ
ǺǡҲ֪ûûĵþǮۣ˶٣ȻЩԸתΪЧĻȻԷĲȡǾµĸ
ҶЦһƬ֮еӰΪ֮ᡣòŷ߷ߵûôǮ
ִٶȷʵûʮҡ
ҶЦŶ߲͡
ҲΣʱ
쿪۲ֹȻػǮҿû˵ǮǮ浱ﲻᷢô
ңڱĵͷΪβңҶЦ
ı
Լã䣬·磬ˣȴҲûһԼ
ԷӲԣβȫЧ治֣ܶɲǼʱ޲ߡ
ҶЦŶԷþûǱߣѾǷأɿ
˵žҪת
ɶûǮñĶѺвУͷϿҪð̡
ʲôѺƷùұòѰ£ҶЦʵ
ҿԳŵΪһ¡޳ҧҧ˵Ҳ֪㶩ĹأȻЩԱܸŵҵȴͬŵһ¡
ҶЦͷ˵
˵һ㵱ǰȴҪɵ顣һȻ죬Ҳû˵顣
ԣκ¡ΨһƣǲöԹ𣡡
˵㡣
ʹԼˣйôֻҪǶԹз飬Ǿû⣡
үƬ쳾죬ûж˵ˡǷһҲʲô߻ɽ漣λҽϹϵڴԱʵ
ǹ϶ΪһǼ£
κ£κ£ҶЦб۾źˣ˵ѾɼˣλȻ뱸ѾˣҲܲӣͲ֪ʲôǷ񡭡


134 ؼΣ
һ²ŷӦɲǼͨ죬߷߽ӣŭ졣
λѾ뱸ίĻֻ檡
ȥһէ
Ϊǳĳĳ˶伸

߳ʱû¶ð̡
ռָ֮еȫͿգ˵ҵһǷһŵ˵ǣǼһĵϷһԼãЦ
Ͼʥֵ˼߬أս³ֻ»и߽ߵ˼ҵء
ѾͷǺǺǺǡԪ˼Ⱥһ㣬ۿѿɫĵ׵ʱˬ𣬺ٺһЦп˳ô
˳ŭ˵ٺǺһ䣬ҾǷƸ¥ٶʮңҸǲң
Ԫӣûҿ
ǰƱȻŭǻûйʱǲãǼˣû׼ܰԼˣɲǶʮô
ԪһЦ𣺡ߣڿնȥһ
ҧҧǶţߣ

һеʧȫԴԸҶҾ
˴ʧʧһŵŭ޴йһصãͼ
Ȼ˫ѾսΪι㲻ǰ
սսʹ죡
ٹ˼ʲô֮Ҷ߶Ȱεһ

ҹҶҾפػ졣
һƬУҶƶ˳ָӣо֮У׺ݣڣʵȴҲˡȻһȴͻȻһӰԡѪүӡ
ˣլϮϷ˺ٷ˵ȡ
үɫ䣺ô£
ץˡǹظܼңɫĵΪߣָüȥһˡ
үӱ۾һ
ϣȥ°ɣҾͺáҶƶ˺˵
áүпɬ֡һȻоȻ
ԼļʲôԼͭǽһ㣻Ѱܹƣƫ»Ǳ˴룬ǿ°ʣôԷΪ֮ߣ֮׼׼֣֮˵̾ΪֹͬСɡ
ҶҾߵսȴǲ㳲𡣺ԣԷһδĿ꣬ԼĹؼңʹ˶ȥؼһ֦
Լ֪ҶҲ֪ģǰսԼҾ붼ҶҾ֮УܹõóֵĸҲǹؼʢ֮ʱɡ
ڹϣʲô֪ҶӾȻԼ˵Լһȥԡ
ƲԶֱǡ
ϹأԷб֣أҺһȥүһ̤ĵŹүӡ
⡭Ҳáүӵͷ
һڣǶȥǰսе֣ʱٸ֣ųһȵķ򼱼ȥ
ʥԪ߽׸ֵƶٶȺε֮졣˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿȥ˳⣬ԽһɽͷǰǴĿĵһȡ
үӹ޶ϱļ٣һȷٶǰ
үȴȻһ£漴͵سȥס˼ǰеĹүӣϹأš
үüô
Ҿֻ´Ρүüʲôǵʲôܹȥǿץˣ㲻˵صĻɩӵһΪͲԴĻԷ
үȻݣţ
Щˣδ˼ʤǰܣԼķֻ±̶ѨҲ٣ôܾôױ˹ƣ֮ԣԷΪߣ϶ûпֻܾΪץ˼Ů߶֣ϸýؼլһѰɣүӻɵ˵ܸо²Ծ
үҲϳɾ֮֮ǰֻǹңһʱûһ㣬˼ôһ˵ʱȴЩɣǡѶҹܼңѾٶꡭĹ
أүʵ
죡үӻУȴѪĹܼҴӺƴϹѼĻػôˡ
ۼŹܼϱ˵ƣڵѪʵǰҲαүвЩҡô£ϸ˵һ飬۷֪֪ˡ
ܼұ˷ţ齹Ļػү·ͻȻҸ״ʵҲʱͻȻһޱէլʹסȿȿȡ
˵Ǽ֣ͻȻ͵Ǻһ߿ԣڵѪӿлЩ顭
˵ү


135 л
ȿȡҸϳ״ʱ򣬾ͿӰ٣գۼҵǰһˡҸʲôûؿھͱ˴һƣ漴ͼۻ⣬ĿǷҡҡҡ
ܼɫɷף˵һԣһ󷭰ףڿҡڣۿžҪ˹ȥ
ǰһӡأԷȼһĽζ˵ĴĿġ
ȴүۼΣæƮӻȡһСƿ
Ѿõľҩ
ȴ˻˵ķơүҲƮأŹܼǰӡ״૵ѵǹµ֣ǹ󶥼֣ϮĻǡ
үӸ˵һδˣͻȻʶȻ
ǿѽԴҲȥĹܼȻ̧ͷֱֻһ
ҰĹâһһңֱ˹үӵСԼүؿڡ
âϮͬʱʮƣһڹүүϡ
ϴһУһҲ벻ܼ쾹ȻϮ벻һˣʱΣԼ֮ǰӾҲαôҲǼ٣գۼͺһˣô죬˵ĳٶȣȻڹүʥƷΪĳǿߣ
Ͼү֪ĹܼûôߵΪ
˾ʱ˾˵ĳٶȣ˾޵ĳ׸֣λүȫ޷֮ͻȻϮϻûзӦѾȻС
꼸죬Ϻƶ߷һط˳ȥ
ϵĹͷ֪˶٣˶ίȥѪ磬֮Ըӡ
үӵ۾ڲŵĿǹܼ죬˻ŭ졭㡭
ȷϣˣԼĹܼ죡
һ㣬
Լֵܣ޻ɵĸ֮ˣػڷϮԼ
ҸͬţһƬȻ˴еҸֶĸ֮ˣΪһȣʱʣѸٽλүӻסͬʱҲΧС
ԲסˣĽơܼƺЩε̾Ϣһվֱ塣
һԲסˡ쾹ȻľǹүӵϹܼ죬ȴֲֻ죬쵽׻˭أ
˭ܹǰǱڹүߣ
ô
ʵ̫ˣ
үأ۾ǲŵص죬һ̣Լܵʹ
ദֵܣ˴˵Ĺϵȼ˻Ҫ׽ôͻȻԼ
ٴ빲곯Ϧ飬ǿԽ󱳽еꣻǻڴˣү˲ŻѶʱȫȻû˿Ļɡ
ȫȻûпαԴ˳ĵص㡣
ΪȷԲƭԼӲƭԼ
̫̫εʵ֤ʵԼȽᣬ̫̫޷ĥ޷Ĩɱ֤
ȴƫƫԼεˣƭԼˣƭԼһԼʹ֡
֣֣
ŵĴ㵣ùүԼСشעⲻԼͷ۶ϣʹֵע죬촽ڶ¡
棬츺ֶԭѾ͵ƺ֮ǰӵɪˣȻع⣬ڶྫֵŰΧ֮Уȴ˿֮ɫֻǿүӵĿһ˿ǸΣϹأԲסˡ
仰Ѿ˵ڶˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪôүӿ죬ʳĵҪ֪Ĵ𰸣һԳڣȴԴһѣ
Сǰ󶴴˿ڣδеʹЩĸо
һоˣ죬Լƽֿѣø֮ˣղŶԼʹɱȫԸҸڱι˾綾
ܹʥԪƷǿвľ綾ͬСɣ
⡭ΨԼ
״ùүӲһҪЦĳ嶯
ԼεˣȻ
ǣ˵ҪԼֻ̫̫ԼΣҪһɱ֣ʵڲ£ô綯֣ȴڹ֣⡭
ֻԼ˼ֻһĲ߻ãֻضʱľ֣
죬ҵıȴ̧ͷ۾ֿŹүӣپʮǰҾûи˵ʵֱ֮ǰûκζԲԲؼңǶԲ飡һҲίΪһ⣬Ӳڣ
ˣ˵Щк棿ֻ֪㵽˭˭ôĸͷүһתϢѹѸӵĶء
λ꣬ŻţߣڹؼҵЩ꣬Ǿ˱ֵġ챯еĿŹүӣƺıѣо̵ĥϹأӦ˵ҵְɣ
лԭ㣡


136 
үӻһԭȻųĿľ⣺һֻ
ԱߵүӸս˵ĵҩӽУ֮Ҳǻһ𣬲ûսĵҩ˳ԡ
͵ƺôСȻ˿ȴǴ棬һɰԵƥƽӶ
һˡ˵Ҿ˫֮һ֮λ꣡
ԭˣԭˣνСҰУڳǱߣίʵǾ۷˭Ҳ벻õĻ֮λ꣬ȻίΪͣһͷӵܼңһ˲ꡭίҵʱ䣬ÿʮν棬ʵеڽʵɣү˲ʱģȻ
λЩݵŹүӣϹأҶһ⣬޴ģȴǽλ֮Сˡˣ˭޻ǣ쳾ͣȻΣ֮УкռˣȻҲɻ֮ʮΪڣһһᣬǡ
úúãҰѻ˵Ҳãڱ¶ʵݣȻǴҪȡϼһ˰ɣȻɱ𣬺α˵ЩԴʣүӺ޺޵
ϹأѡֺγԸ֣㡭ʵڲӦǹԡλ곤̾һξһ̾ƳУ𽥵ͦһԨsţ죬һ̫ħħ磬ա
λ꣬ô˵Ҽﲢûг£үӺʵ
ǵȻλ꽻飬ʹȻҲ˺ǵȹ
һߣүһδȻɣֻǻûǵǲԸ⣬ؼ׿Զ˵ģǸղŹĶңؼˣ
λ국ڹؼҵĵλϹضҵΣŪŪȫ£ȷؼ˿⣬º󶼲˻ɵϣδ֪үǲţ
үӺһȴҲûپⶵ
ȷʵ
ڹؼҵĵλ֣ؼҶǲģֻ¶Էҩؼ˻ϲЦտڡ
ȷʵ㲻ҡүĿľ⣺վģǹؼҶܺҪģ
ܴ󷽵ĳϣҵȷңؼҵȻѾ̫δ¶棬֪šؼǿߣ±Ҫرܵģ
ԣǰҪǹؼңҲֻȰ֣
Ľƣ½ˡ
λ˵ʹҶôɱ㣬ӲΪɱڣѾ˷ҳǡ
ԣֻ˵ǸˡλǸȻ˵
ڳˣû֮еĳϿң
ȻһǸͻȻӰɽ˷һس˴˾һ£ҹɫΪһ壻ҹ֮£ֻÿ˵۾˸ž⡣
龰ȻͬҹڴԭӭһȺ˵Ķһ㡣
ڣȻǧ֮ࡣ
ͷѾʾүӵľɱ֮⣬ɱ֮ģ
λүΪһ֮սκһ˶λ꣬ʹʤҲܱ֤ƽɫ·磻ȴ˫˫ˣо綾ʮս룬һս³Խ˥
˴еļ֮Уȴûܹƥλ󶥼ս
үԼ˼⣬֮ȻһֱǱԼߣϴǷȱսÿγֶһξݳʵսֻ»Ҫ֪ս֮ϣԼһиָƣžԼȫʢ״̬ҲһĶ֡
һԼָƣԼȴһ֪ĵˣǼ˲ԵȵĶս
ԼȺףԷȴ׼ǿ׳ڡ
ۣѷ
ˮ󣡡֮Уһǹһָšˢһ붯ѸٲһԲͲƣڿгһ㶸ȻһתλүӰںλãȴǽλ赲ڴ֮⡣
ʱ˿̣ا䣬ٽλǿڱ˷ģֻ»ȼɱⲣ㣬ս򺳶ټܾ֣
ҶһԴսݾһ£˼ݣˮһ߶ÿһ̵ĶȻͬԵȴ޷죬ȫѭ
ټȻһ콾Σңƾ˵ʤǶҶƶ̫ࡣλԵ̾һ
˼ʳүָӲģǹүӵİӹس硣
سһĮܼңȻβҩһ
λЦûüԣȴһĵ磬ʱˣϽɻ˽۰ɡ


137 ۶壡
λɫȻһ£һ֣

үƴȫһλ꣬л㣡
λһ֣ոǰĶֹסʲô£
үӴλ꣬һ¡Ϊ֮һڹνλȨأΪȴҹؼһܼңȻԵףϣͼгһս湦ԣʹ̫С˰ɣ
λЦЦΪ˹ӵǧҵλȻίһЩҲνңദ˵жί治á
үӺεʱظоʲô˻˵˵ǹڲֶԸǼң
λһЦҶ棬ʮʱ޽֮Ҷֳ徣ұȻΪ߶£ܲ
ѵÿһңǶԵףүŭĿԲ
ԷȻǴӼǰͿʼ֣ԼҶǱ֮ȴȻ֪һµʵ
Ǵ˼׸ˣܹŻȥҵóôҲзˣָ֤Եףôλ̾˿֣ɡ֮ǰءҶ㾡ϣܻһ֮ˣ
ү׻ȴ֪λԷ飬ļŭģһѪ˳λ꣬ǹ˾٣δҲ̫˰ɡ
ɣûаɣڹ֮ʱǳްиģֻʱҲŻ㣬ҳ¶ֻ棬ôҲ㲻ñɰɣңսΪ˴ƣΪǧҵʲôֶβԶãλ޶Ե˵Ϲأǹؼҵѵһ·ô
˭ɱ
λ국Į˵ȻڽһҴϲѪծۣ²ǿݹӯɽ֣ôɾû˼ˡ
үӺݺݵͷãããһֻ棬죬ֵܣȻ˵ʼĶң㲻һֱΪֵܣȻ˼ʴȻ̸νƣ⽻飬ȻӾҹĽơ
Ȼǰһһ֣Լһ˺ǡ͡һȴ쳹ͷ
λɫһ䣬̤ǰһ
үѾһǰ֮ƮС
Ӵϣ죡ֵܣӴү鼤Ӵϣֻλ꣬ҹĽƲĳˣ
۶壡
λµĿ⾹ԼִͣƮ䣬һʱ䣬ճճ
ദ˴ֵãھʱԼԼݣֻҪûйϢԼǹĽƵֵܣؼҵһӡ
ƽһƣˣ÷¹áϰѩƮ裬ߺ÷㡭
һĻһĻӹͷ
λ곤̾˿֪ΪʲôȻоԼƺȻһ飬ٲ
ԼԵףԵ׵ĳԱΪʺϵʱؼҡ
Ŀ꾡´ǣοƼ
зôôܣ
ⲻӦð
ѵׯεǵѾΪԼӡ֮еһ֣֮ΣòΣ񾹱ǣˣ
λ۾ظоǷ˺һʹ࣬ã˵Ϲأ£ҶԲס㡣
һۣҲ֣ԺȻ
λ곤Хһ˺һ˳ȥתۼ䣬ҹ֮С
ش磬ҶԲס㣡
ҹԶһ̾ϢһĵǸңң
үӲŸͦٶҡҡ׹һѪ˳
⣬ҹҡҷ¡
ǽҩ
ģλ޹ء
ҹУλԲɳơ
λ˫֮һì쳣ɱ֣䶾Ȼȭ򣬽ء
Լȴߣ˾Ȼ˽ҩ
ƺ˵Ըһ˲䶼ҵŤһΡ
үӽƿҩУȻ̾
ףСթسһ߽˵
ᡣүӱ۾Ȼ£ҵġթ
һͷͽһƿȥ
Ƭ̺ɫɫתΪ԰ף˲⣬ȻδеĸоתΪʹǺζࡣ
һƿĽҩүӽ֮үӷ¡
ȴؽҩֻƿ֮ķŽ
һ̾
ֵܣˡ
ټ棬֮
Ҳ֪㣬Ƿܹµ֣أ
ԥĳְɣ
үӿЦһ
ҵ·ѾǾͷټ˰ɡ

棬һ£ڿмٷӣǾɶڿ衣
ֻǣϡȴӵ˵Ĺ
ɱ
һȡ


138 
棬еǧ֮УͻȻƺˮһ㣬һ֣ˮһĳ彫漴ǵصļʸ˲ʱҹա
ÿһ֧˲䣬һźɫڿš

үӾһ˿ܣ
޲ɫ䡣

Ȼ
۵Ĺٷʸ䱸ʽװֱ۽ʸʽӵУֻ巽ƽѡ˵ɱʲô֮ͽʱŻᶯõĳɱ˵޼᲻ݡ
ǰЩȻ䱸ô
ʵȻҡ
ͬʱһ˿Ȼ󱳺巽۵ӰӣĪ˵ˣ˽죬ȴҪΣ
ಡ
ڿз裬ͷ֮һþȫֶܣ񵲡мܡ
֮ȴеȥƣƵ

ҽһƬ
һʹٶˣȻÿһƾʵףϧϬޱĻϤʧҹ֮£Ȼֻʣһʮˣ
Ҽ˴ˣս
ϾɱɱӰ죬˵Ľƺǧһȶ
үŭһһͻȻϵٶȱͦαֱȻһڴ󵶣
ѵոճֵʱֻɶȻڷӭһ֮Ȼɳշ˳ȥ
үһȣȥ
δ䣬˴һǣ
֮һҫұȴգ֮ͬ澰
֮ң
ǹؼҵĴұ¡
һǣͬԣ
˵Ķڹүӵ˲˲ҷ𣬺Ӱ֮ʣ˵ԶŭһйĽƣ
ಡ
֣εȴǾ۽ڹүһһ

á
ҶЦǱ֮УҶЦɫƽڵѾʼʥƷƿ
ʱѾƴֻòҪݡ
ȻʱľȻ
һӰپϿգһ֣һϹžһֵ̨ϡ
ֵڵҪַˣȻǵӰȴʧܼƲ
ȥһȴһּɫơ
ؼڳһɱ
ô֡
Ƽ֮ɫȻһ䣬һ£첽롣
һȸصյĹүүѣݡ
˱Ϊߣκ͵Ϯش֮ܶˣһսųɣȻղŷ˽ҩû˶ҩĳ⣬вʼжȣж״̬˺һᣬͬСɣʹΪԾɳ൱𺦡
˹ѣһʱԻָһӰʵķӡ
ԷȣŲսۼ˾طˣ˿ңѸתɽΪɢŰԲƣ֮£һŵֽе֮󣬲̰Ǽʱ˺һڶŵǰһڶʹ˰£ͬһֱ㼴˺󣬶Ÿų֣Ȼеһֳ֣˴˷ܶʼǶϾ಻Ϣ˿϶Ѱ
ɫ侲Ŀǻеһ㣻ùү˿Ծ߱һ춯Ϊǰ֮·ȴǾٲά裬ÿǰһ״˫ļཫǰҲụ̂˼ˣ״Ŀݡ
ӿռ룬κ谭Ը㴩͸ߵԪԣʹԹүүȸΪҲ򲻸ҵ֮
˹꣬ĻǶܣʵڶܲŻӲġ
ֿնֻڿݺύѭ˸˹âÿһϣ˸ŴĿ׵֮
һĿ꣬׵֮ͻ˲䱬γǿĳ
˿̣Ӫԭʣµһʮˣֻ಻ʮˣ˶Ǳˣвɢű׵֮Ľζί٣սۿۡ
ʣµȴȫʥߣΪǿᣬȻˣҪػĿҲˣܶΪʧĿΣƵʼڻع顣
ԶУԷλ׷ѰĿܣȴҲѭģ֮󣬼ϴܾͻĴÿ֧һҪٰµʱָܿԵڶʹãҪԪʯʹߵΪƣҲ൱ҪҪ˼ʹһԽƵҲԪƷϵΪ
֮͵ǰɱλүӵļǧݣڵȫղ


139 ս
ν΢֪ʵʵ֪˵Ŀֲѹѹİ׹һͷѹ֮ռ޽ʮϯλã
ʱԵļѹȻСˣүүȴӵľ
ԷȻȣȻֻǵһƣԼߵԼһԼսսʱ˿̣Էǧ˻δʽ֣һδۣսԿ
Լߣֻʣ˰ʮˣһ˴ˣս޼ʹܹȫع飬ҲʲôΪ
ԶԷɽѹһľʵ˼ʳдԮһҶûУ
ǰ֣
棬˺ƮƮүӣүӣĺܱǸǹҲλߵһ
̾˿ϾλǰѹңһǵǰǶŭҲеȻ֢ȴҲ򵥡ֲ⡭ҶҾҪҲôǿԽܣΪʲôҪ˳׸Ͼɱأ
үүӱ˴˶һۣݿɬ

ڿȻֹڿҲڿ
ʵҰҪ޿ɺǣǾͿԲñ˳Է
ɾûеˣ
ҶҾǰ֮Գʸ֮ģ֢Դڴˡ
λҶƶ˹ӵθʵ̫ˡ
һʼĳĿֱ꣬Ӷλ˳ưҳǣΨҶ߲棡
̫ԵˣȻϢѰǲҶҾԶ˱ᣬ󡢷Ƹ¥ֵܻͨô
ҪưԣҪȻҪۣ
ֻһĹ滮ҶҾֱ뵽ĿԵеϵز
Ϊѡү̾һ
λүǳߣǰ˾ģǹѵҶҾݴܹ֮ô
˵ЦЦ߰˵˵̹׵㣬ȣ˵κһȣҶҾһȺƴں֮ڣͻɲȲȣȴʲôʸʲô£ߣ󡣡
үЦ˵Ҳǳܿܣ˶ѣʱ˿̣˭˭ǣȻ˵ٶʲô壿˼ʷжԣν֮¹˭֣δ֪
Ļδ֪ô˸һЦֵӷ˿ȻһЦôֵǣүӿ¹˭֣
һ£˷ǧͬʱǰƳԴɽѹ֮ƣ١
үֳֳնƮɫһƬ¡
үӣʹжԣе١˳Ӷ棺˴ϹȻڴˣǾ˿£⡭ĴǾ˺ģὫ䰲ȫͷŻȥǶԹؼľ⡭˴ʹжԣȴǲϾɱŹؼ浱ΪΪðŭϾؼҵϵѪϾǡ
λүӱ˴˶ӣľԷȻͷŹϵӣؼŭɵ˼뵽ˣ˫жԣ伫Ӧ֮⣬˴Ҽͬһ㣬ȻһյսУԾɱȫ˹ؼҵϵѪ֮Ȼͷţؼܸ׷ȴҲͬǶȥ˹λүӵһű
Էɱֲ˼ܾ˹ı仯ڣ˵Ŀɾɲ̾Ϊֹ
үۼ˹תأԽһᣬһŭȣս
ͻȻб٣ȻһɴĿĹâү˴һ⣬ͬȻ
ȻǿƳͬʱȴҲʮѪ͵
˺ۣȻ֮£ѪҺȪһӿ
ͬʱ䣬ԼϵѪ٣Ѫ֮ʱһ̣
˼״ܣһɫ籷Ӱ죬һ㣺ϹعȻ֮϶ȫʢ֮ʱչµԵ˱һڣѾҹκвΪүУ
үɫһԲͬٶ֣ǹâȻ䣬һ䣬ɱ֣
˽öɫͬһ㷭ӭһӲڴ֮ϡ
âٶǿͻƺӰȻӰ֯һһĲ
Ӱɲʺ羡֮
үӹľ˽ϧǿ֮ĩԴأȻܽ˱һ
ֻʱԾãϵһľҲõѪҪһ߾Ȫˣ


140 Ҫ
һߵүȻǿΣϧȴ޴ӣѱˣȻһ۲û׼λɿƥλүӵĳ֣λ֮λ뿪˷Ѿûƾһ֮㶨үӣϧ˼үͬǿ֮ĩһʥ߽׸֣Ѿ㹻סүӣֻ˸㶨ϣžֵүӡ
λүģ಻Ĳҽ
Լڲɱһ̤ϻȪ֮·
ȫһԲͬɳĮϿʳͺһ̣ȫȻĮƺѾ˾ռߣΪ
ϵʥĮѪزսȦΧүӣүӰϼӽսλүȻƴսϧʱڶԷΧ֮£Ҫ˵ͻΧԼ˶
үӱ˳׶ᣬ·нԶΧүҲԽ֧
崦Ϲ֮ϵطʹӦά裬ˣүӶѱٽӽ;ƿݣľء
ڿ裬ɫƽУȴһȡ
ҪǿУɥԼС
ƿر˵ĸоú޵ˬ
ˣˣһ·ɣүͻһ
үǱоĬĺȻתȻȻس˵з԰ټƵĹƷһź߳йЦֵһˣһϹͷ֮ǰһͷˣҲһμѻ
үӿٶʺ죬ȴǹЦ̬Ȼ
˼״ȴЦһӰһǼʱ˹үӵķͬʱʮȻ֣һʮһкãҵҪϼһܴܲͷˣ
ķȻÿһ߱һ㣬һ𿪿˵ʮͬ˵ͷֲһ棬һǼ١
үͫ׶Ȼһ
⻯
û뵽˾ȻѾȵز
Էд˱У񼼣ôͬھϣǳ׵ûˡ
λүԿЦҪչƴʽɱҪϼ·Ȫ·ǵͬԣį
Ȼڴʱ
һٹâ㻮գǿкب˫֮䣬һͽս֮˫ٸ֣ĸˣ
ס֣
һԽɭȻ
Ļ룬Զһ㼱
ֱ˿˲ŷ֣ղŸսģȻһ
һݺῪɣâҫֱۣ˿̣ŽɢȥŽɢƺǧ𡭡
һֺɴӰƮƮںǰʵٶ𣺡˹Ȼδ꣬ǾȻôּˣ
¶յɫŭ£ʲôϵ˿£Ҫ򱾸սô
˵ЦЦˣҴҵұССȵСɫǵģСɴֻҪѡ
ŭ¾޿ܣ֪Ƿ˶ۣ֣ܲƾһ仰ȻҲҪ飿
˵ЦȻҽĻǾͲ飬Ըǿ󲻵ãǾͽһߣֻ轫ǷҵĻҾͺˡ
˽ȻһĶˣȷҪǸŵҿɸ㣬ЩûйϵˡڶҶҾˣ
˻ͷȷֻҪ˵յĳŵӴԺǾǷҲޣҲޡ
ҧȻ˽սһʱ
ȻͷϣͻȻܲһɫ׵磬Ժ׵ķʽȻ֡
ǡڱŵߵĳͷס
õϵŵԣԣͱУǲУô飬ͷ֮
֮Ǻ˲ŵԣôǰĳͷףͻʵ
ľᣬԼǷµĳŵ˼Ҫ֣Ȼ޿ɺǵģǵŵһѪˮܻ鷳Ͼ˼˫Ѿ˺ΪУĻʧǲֳŵͷΨһǻɢнң
˳ãһҧŭ˵ҶģݣձԸüסӴԺǷԣҲޣҲޣ


141 ˣ
ӰȻһЦֻҪǵ˲ҪңȻǷͷϣȻǵùյĽ
أԱŭ𣬳ϣңңһȣ
˷ֶ˲ʱʧӰ١
ЩȻһͷˮ޷ۿҪ󹦸ɵʱ̣ػ룬˵ΪˣΪһ㰡
Ȼ˵Ҳʥߣȴֻн׶δ飬зʣҲ򵽲˿в˵ĳ̶Ȱɣ
εĲ⣬ֻϷָԳнֹͷϷλˣϷ˵˵ˣͷ´Īĳָ˻ʵִ˳
˷Ӷͬʬʰһ飬űһХǧתۼʧӰ
ֳֻʮˣ˴ˣһ⣬ԾɲĿ⿴ͻȻˡ
˭
ȻǿֻǼ̵һ仰ĺ˷˼ֵʤʵôͷȥ
سڳг˶֮⣬֮ˣҲģǰȸٵĶȻм޾ؿڵ˺ۣǰһлλѴ˴£ؼμû
˲ֻһ˵ʷᣬԼ仰С£ҳݣʹ˸ǡ
δ䣬ȻҪʹȥ
үͻȻҶˣ
һſڣȴڳ˾Ϊ֮һ¡
Ҷ
ˣ
˾ҶЦ
ɡôܣ
ȻǷı£ΪõĹأ˵ǰ˾ҶЦˣδ̫ˣ
ȣǰҳǾƣֳһֲֿƽ⣬׼ȷһ˵ֻûһƽװ֮Уӵʮ֮ܣΪκһ
õκһĳŵһ͵Ǵһĵߣͬʱ⵽ֶɱ߾ȡ
ΣҳȻõҽ֣ȴκһܹ⵽Ϊһ˵ҶҾ󡢷Ƹ¥ʵ֮У˺ҶҾûкܣգ棬ǾЦҶЦȣδ޻
ٴΣؼģڳפ󣬶֪ҶЦ賬ʥҲ㿰Ⱥף᳦ĺȿ壬˵ǰӸˣҲ˵ùȥ
λΨһȱ㣬Ϊ̫Եʣ˵ӡһս͵ԪƷˮ׼Ȼ٣뿪ʱѾԪƷҲǴΪԪƷˣڽ쵱ǰΧУԾúô
Ҷңǰ˵˷һʥߣƷ׾Բͣ
ڼǰֻԪƷ֮Ľε٣ҲûпڼµʱͳΪƶ˴ߣ
Լжϣ۴Ǹ˵ǾԻ޿ܵģ
Ӱ˿үӴ˼ˣЩۻ軨ϴ˵Ҳ֮Уʲôˣ
ڳĵʾͬүӵĲ²ȴ̫ΥˣΨһλүϣȴ¶˼Ĺʣһġ
үȻ˵ˣǼҶԲסҹؼԲǣĳһ˫۾ȴûϴˣûпһˡ
˵ȻҶЦһҲûǷලĳŵģ
ҶЦĬһ£˷·ƽεǽ˵ı֣粨ն粻λౣأʹ˱δڡ
ҶЦ˵仰үӻſҪ˵ʲôȴһһϹէȻ֣漴㻯磬ʧڿС
Ȼûٸүӿ˵Ļᡣ
үȻӰʧķ򣬾þò
ƺľܡ
үǵ߹ͳ˵Ҷûϴ
ʹѾĵȴϣϿϹԸǷκ˵飬ȴһԸǷҶЦ飬ôľ飬飬Ƿ
ү˵ǵۻ軨ѵúͿˣ˵ûϳ
үȻ̾һԴ
үһһǣһӹܣһػ壬һݣһΪƸΪꣻһȥһеһȴֻǵǹʹƫƫǸûаϢģȻǵˣµǸˣ


142 
ν컯Ūˣǣ
һΣ˭ܿóԷĿҹؼңƫƫնƣȫûҶǰԵ±Թֵˣ˭Ľ֣
үӳ̾һֻоؿһסˣ²ʲȥ
һС𲽣һ¶ûУչڿϢҹ֮гɳΪһһճӵȴ𲽽ȫ߽͡
үһ̾ϢͻȻݺ᣺죬ʲôѵҪô
ЩˣЩֵܡǿԲѽ
ǹؼңоԸȣֵңȴҪȣ
үӱ֮
үҲ쳤̾ãͻȻ俿үӣϹءҶǱߡ
ҪʲôҪүӺһ۾ͻȻ⣬ҹһսʧأƴսͻΧ
ǽսҲǽΨһս
Ҷǰȵ飬˭Ҳ𣡡
үĿ磺Υߣҷã⣡
һӦ
ܹ˿̵ĶΪͷԲ֮ۺϵǰ״жϣ估뵱ҶЦദĵΣȻ׸ղŵ֮˵˭ȻҲ׸ϵ
ҶƶС֪˽ҹ飬᲻ϧһдۣҲҪҶ
үĿүӣΣǲܶ𱨰
ү࣬ˣҲ˼˵ǡʵ㵱жȷʵǸһȵġ⼦ܷͬһﰡһˣȫûˡһѾ֤˴˵㡭
үһâ漴ʹҡҡͷ˵ΣҶ£߶
үȻͷ
漴ȥĿ֮УҲүǰ㣬һ⡣

ҶҾפߣ˿Ѿƽ˽޲
үӵ˸Դ˷һȥȴɲʱסϹغأ
˽յְǰҶƶߣԱʱ֮裬ؾˣ
Ҷƶ˽͵ϼϮλȥ֧Ԯˡȴһ⡣
үӵеĪ죺Ϯ⡭
Ҷƶɫǣλү֣ʲôҲӦŲе¡
УǶҵʵģġ
ΨУȴһ˿⡣
İڣүӺүϼһǸʲôĪҶЦкøеģ˭ô
ͬģαһ壬Ҳ˭ܿóģ߳׽ֶԸؼңӿǿ
ȻؼҹȻʵǿᣬԼȴںߣҶЦǱߣǿҲûиô
ⷬõɽ壬䲻֪Σֻ¼߰ɣǡϼһӴ˻ز񲻸Ҷߴƿء

˵УԶƿȻ
λүһۿȥĿǾһ
ֻүүӻ˺ۣԶԶݼҵ߾Ȼֻ˼ʮˣ
ңÿ϶Ǳˣ״ҵ
имˣֱӾû˸첲ȱȣ۾
Ȳҵ״üүһӺ۾
ϣҶƶ𾪵ĳȥһʹϧ⡭ô£
壬ƴս֮£үֽүӵ˵ʱǿһɢңƣ˵߰֡ųɰ࣬ҡ
үһδأͻȻһѪ͵ȥ
һߣүӶûü˵Ҳ˹ȥ
죬ˡ
һƬæңڽֳãλүӶεˣֻ֮ˡ
Ȼһġ
壬ƴսͻΧʵ̫ңһγеľ񣬼ʮһ
λүˣ״ݡ
ûκ˰ء
үӵĽɽ˸Υ
үȴǲȻŭ
󣡡
Ȼ£
ҵȶҪݣ
ΪֵǱѩޣ

Ҷƶ˿ɫǣΪİˣƷ˵ҩǲҪǮһ磺ҡʱһƬңΪ

үӷ׷׳Ȱο
Ͼ⣬˭ܲõ
ˣҲ޼µġ
Ψòƴڻ֮еĹүӹһ˿Ц漴ʧˣš
ͷޱԷ֣֮µתأ֪壬ҵأּ֮켺ǾĿˣ
գȫãҶƶ˲Ȼ


143 Ҷƶ˵
Ҷƶҧҧŭ˵ȻͱҪۣҶҾ裡

ͬڹҵԪˣҵͬ飬ᡣҶƶ˵ǰľ淴һɳ˺Ƥľ
Ī˵ֻùؼμҵսˣҶҾˣҲ⡣
Ϊ֪ʵʵɾֹǰһ㣬о޴ĵֻ̲֣ϼһﻹû¶Ըѡ
ԣҶƶҪģ˵Ǵٳɾǡ߶ȫ߱ƳϤΪã

ҶЦصϣ˼ãڳ̾һ
ʹ˴һУƽĶۣԵı״ɱ븶Ҳۣĺȴ쳣ˣóȻҲʹ˲ܻ㸲֮
һүӵһ뾪ϲġˡҶЦµʱһζӳ¡ظоԼһˣûȥһ䣬һиֵõġ
˶ʧһ޴飬ʧһҪЮ˵ĻᣬʹʧȥҶЦȻоֵá
ľһǲֳܱģ̸δǰУһ޻أ
ˡ
սͻȻ𣬿ǰҡ
ҶҾֱƷһ㣬ۼȫսֶչ˵Ĺơ
սִһʼֱ㣬һսֱѣ޹⡣
ս֮ԼȻĵزܴһԭߴĶ֮У˲İס
Щʵǿ֮һԲ˼Ļ꣬ÿһ֣һֵ
˷Ƴˮǳһӿֶ֮С
ֶĺ˽๥ƣһ֮ߴǿṥֱ籭ˮн޼¡
ס֣
˳ϸ߿գһϺȡ
ҶƶĿעŸ߿еĺˣ䵭£
ǵصɱУɣ˴˶ԻԾͬȫϰ
ҶҾĿ޷ҪԷҳǣյֵܻǣĿҲбˣս´ֻ˫ףǹʹ˳ҳǣ˵ص̹ãȥҶӣ𣿣
Ҳǵ֮ˣۼ²Ϊټȥڴ˵صʵֻ»ȫûսԾҶҾȫʤȻˣĪЧֵܻᣬȫսʹáֻҪɽڣϦ֮¡
ãʹã֮ǰɱôˣڼ²Ϊһ߾Ĩɱ֮ǰһУô˵飿Ҷƶ¶ɱѪծҪѪµֵܾܰһ㸲ݲ
ɱ
Ҷƶһ£ǰһֱػߵͬͻɽȻ
쳤磬뼤еĺˡ
һʱȻ
벻Ҷƶ˵˼ˣԼ˳ʵǸԷһ̨ףȻǱȫԼʵȴҲҶҾ֣񣬸ߣ֮ԸƸ¥а˵ʱ࣬˫ĵף÷Ƹ¥аɽۻ˵˭ܿϵ˫ɱ̨ףβߣ
û뵽ҶƶȫȻɷ˵˾Ҫƣݣ
ʲô
ѵ˿ʤѷ֣ǽ¶˵Ĵʱ
Ҫ˫Թ죬ݵĸ߶ȣ
֮ǰս˫ûȥ׵˺ƤĵزϾ˫ûʲôҪ
ڵƵǰһ۵ķ棬˺Уɹ֮һĺ˵ô˴˾ҪˣΪ͹ԣ˱൱λүӵ֮һ
͵ǰķչ̬ƶԣҶƶ˵ڿٳľ棿
ҶҾתصľ棬׵ļ˶
ǺۼԼΣȴΣ壬һЦҶӵǺƣڵĴȻѩޣ潫Һ˴˱ɲѪ𣬹ȻƼٱ𣻶㣬ɽᣬƳߴʵʱҶ棬߶֮Ϊ֮ҶĽã
ĻֶΣǻһֱΪǸݰһҶĿߣ˵˲ʱս
ȫּߵеλүɫһ䡣
֮ǰΪֵ𣬴Ȯ֮У۲ȫɱ¾Ȼ˼ú֮ԣѣ˫ûˣлأǵɱ˺ˣ˫ǵһιŭҶҾƱرᣬӴ鷳


144 ֲ
ң׵ıȻңϾҶҾǳһʱԼԹҪʵܡ
Ϊ߼ȫҲδǹĶ֡
޽һɣһ۵Ļʼ߸Եֵģ
ǳִ֡
ǲܡ
֮Ҷ߶šǵ԰
ߣ߼٣Էһǳصģڷҳǣ巽û𣬶ǼɵҶ٣ҲС𣬾͵Ѱ·
ɱҵҪܹΣ
Ҷƶ˳ɱŭȣ۷һһ󣡡
ɱ
ҶҾǧ߽ѪӿٲһĵĴһ
ˣ
˲ʱͨүӵȴеһͷĿѣ
ںţҲҸһ㣬Ľడ
Цһð磬ֻ۷һô𣿡
ɫٻӰڿмҡֱϣһ̣ھ֮ϵĺӰȴͬըȻ˷˼䣬ûֱܹһǺ˵
һ̣һõӰȻڴϣͬʱŶϷкȥ
ڴҵעڿУעк˵ĻӰϣͼ׼ȷ׽ڣʱ׼һȴ˭Ҳû뵽˵ʱص˵ϡ
ң֪Ҷƶ˵ľɱĿԾɲĽߣǷȫˣѡĶ汾ҶҾǰΪһ˽ƴһĹʱһ޴ȱڡ˷ҶҾͬʱѪˣƻȻһת
ߣ
ٷһХŷһХʣµһǧˣۺϳǴҪȱһ
ǺһХǰۺϵ˼һתһ֡
䡭
ը춯һƬͨŨʹѸϸţëһķ룬˸ĹʣŨû绯֮Уɢ쭷ɣ
ǧƣ裬սأȫַΧ֮ڣ
ҶҾһ˹ʣǲһٿǷɫʣʱ֪ϱо綾һþҪɢ˭óȻԣ¼ܣܲ͸磬ɳȥ
˿ռŵҶҾ˶Ըܻ߸񵲶Ҫ൱Ŀռ䣬˼뼺սѵļ޷չӵıǲʱ˵ıײвҽ֮ҲΪ˴˱ײת˵ˣΪ꣬սѿģֹƬ̣ɵһ˺ȴǿɹۣεΪ׳ۡ
꽫˵ȴѾ֮𣺡ҶҾˣȻǲϱ˴లһҪΨҶôǹ֮գǽ֮ʱ
ҶƶˣףһͳҳǳɹŶ
ǽĵһ˵һ߼԰ѾƮ첻ŵ֮
ɼ˵ٶȣѾ쵽˺εȵز
ź¡һҳܲȻһ֮࣬һܣȾƬա
ɻѸյͣ治ʲôһ֮и֮һ棡
һˣһ󣡡
ҶƶɫҲÿǰѿ
ɽԼһҵȫҲһ˿㣬Ȼϡ
һΣҶҾľֻǹһãң˴Ķ֣ʼնֻһˣдһ֣˴֮еڴˡ
Ҫû¶档ţһ˫֮һλ¶һͷһɱȴѾ㹻ؼҡμλһϻȪ·
ܽͳʱսȻսԣǽ󳹵ױƳ˷ҳǣҶҾߴȴҲһȫǸ߽ߣ۲νأ
ǿּľݣָͣһļᶨ־֡
֣һŹǿʵ
ĿǰչֵĻֻǱɽһǣȴѾԼҶҾͷѪ
ʱһŶ֮ʱֻһʲôĽأ
Ҷƶ˳ѣȴǰҲֹۣ
Զǵȴûע⵽еĽѾļүӿԵ쳣졣
֮ǰʾͷųȥϢΪʲôҶҵԮȴٳûе
ΪĳϵԼʱϵǸûνԮ


145 ݷ
һ·߼ҵһһѪƴǵۺ񣬵ܹӻã
񿴵һͳ׵һǿ£ΪС
߼ҵȫҲԿ޽аɣ
ʵαݷ꣬ͳһ޽
ȵʲô
οڸı󣬻巽۵ӰǵɱΪ֮Ҷĺˣ߻ֵǣע٣巽ͿĲ˳ֻۣλʼհһأӲܹȻ

Ǳߺɱ죬ҳǡ
ҶЦվۣ֮ң˶˰Σã̾˿
ˣλҶҾ׵ҶӣЩ찡ߡó˼ʵľ֮
޸֮󣬲Ĳսһ¥һΪҲ⼸֮У࣬Ϊȫ𽣣ʱʱԪ˽ȱȻȣҶЦȱֲɱ࣬ԣ֮ԪأΪͻޣʥԪƷ֮ΪΪһˡ
ݽò겻ԾԾԣҪԽ£һʶ塣
Խս֮ս˷ֻʥԪƷҪս֣ȴҲһ־״ε
Ҷƶ˵Ψ²ңڡͼߴ嵱ǰսҶЦôȥߴ»ԵУ粽С
ϳԿһ飬λϴᲪȻŭս²ս
ҶЦЦЦ
ʱ飬ЩĪЩֻĵλҶʹб£ٲ£Ҳô̵ʱ˶һ鰡
ҶЦٺһЦ˳ƶΪһʼֵܻᷢĳͻǹ߸ġȻ飬ֵܻжҶҾͼġ
ΪֹƸ¥ڵжԿչȶӵزҹƣֵܻλϯϹѲ˹ϵ
ֵܻ֮ǰڷҳǳôĿưոݣ
ôʱ䶼ûжѵķ˱ҶЦЦţֵܻ᷽ҪƸ¥İ׹ӣιӣΪھж޷ܣ
ȻһػǱ޳ĪԾͽֱӵ
ȷʵˣ˵Ҷƶ˳ƶΪƣıҹ۴˾һݰ
ϲ֪ҳҲС˴ˣ˿ƼķУŷۺռȺʣ˾Ҳ˼ܣز¶ߣӿʵȴڽ֣֮ϵǽ֮սɱһ̫кۼкģֻҵȫܿڴˣǰָǵĸ֣Ϊ£˵ļıʵʵ˵ãǴ֮ҶҶߣ˵ãҶЦڹѾƳ˷ҳǣҹûдĻһ⵽ģȻֵƸ¥ǷƸ¥Ʊؽȹ
ҶЦĿ⿴ǷƸ¥ķ򣺡ֻȫ˳ȥĺϷ̨
ȻҶƶд˳Ǹôָʲôʱ򡭡ʼ
ǳݷҶЦ̾˿ֵʵ̫˷ȥֻ»˼̣˾ȫûˡ
һ£ҹƣƸ¥ܼһ¡ţǰ׹ӲĻһ¾ǽ಻׳ʱˡ
λ׹Եأֶܼãʵ
Եô˭ܽϳȥӦǷƸ¥ΪҳǵΨһҶЦ϶˵浽ǣ߶λԳ֣Ҳ޼µġ
˻굹һȻû뵽ҶЦԷƸ¥֮֮ߡ
ģҶ԰׹ӵ˽⣬ҳǸͲأԷƸ¥ǻᱻҶҾȥģȵƸ¥ҲȥڱϿûüֵҶЦЦЦҪģǡ
ǵǸʱ򣬾ǲ붯ҲҪһġҶЦĬ˵ԣһ£׶ε׳ʱҪôһʱʵһиأ
ȻͬʱͻȻѪӿ
ڣҪֵϳ¶



146 ɫ
ĽսҶҾصʤҶƶ˶Դ޲ߣԼд鵤δþڵǰҩ֢ЧԶԶ㣬֮£Ǿá
ҶЦ߲ܡ
һЩԼ򵥵ƣȻǽĿƵҾͺá
һغܶҪҶЦͲҪǮˡ
һŵһ¡
Ҷƶ˱˵ĳŵλĳŵԡ
ҶЦ̣֮ǰӣҶҾëһһУ
˫ɹʶҶҾǧߣָ˽ѪҶЦ׬֮ﻹʵ顣
УзƸ¥ģйģоǡҶҾġ
а˷٣Ҳ顣
Դˣɷ̣֮֮ǰΪӸа֮蹫ĳֲΪ֪أϾ쳾ĵͽ鱦ӿҶЦϴУ˵֮ûè壬ΪΨһ֪˵ĺɷ֮ǲŵģаǰҶЦ̬ǲ²ȫŴϺڶԴ˱ʾ⣡
˶æŴ֮ʣȫûעҶЦߵȻۻѾۼƵһʲôز
ΨҶЦԼס
ԼյʵѾɱΪһ쳣ǿ
յЩ飬ǿ޽ںüĵơ
ȥ̬չһҶЦϣҶҾʼϷƸ¥ֻǷƸ¥ӦԲԷǳĳ߹սƣ棬棬¶ͷ
ܵһ֣ϣ
ߣû˵ߣȴҲ˵ߡ
ʮҶҾͬϻ죬ȫȻ޴¿ڡ
Ƹ¥ǷҳռռӴ㼴Ӫڸ»νص񣬸ǲҲˡ
ռ䣬ǲ֪ԺַһǣƲڱߣܸʶ̽⣬ⲻҶҾǰޡ
ҶƶѶŭڶʮ󣬷ͨ뺣Ƹ¥ȫԱ뿪ҳǣ򡭡𣬴ݲ
ͬգƸ¥ҲӦ
Ƹ¥ĻӦν쳣ǿӲֻ˵ǸΪˡ
ս¥˳ǣ
߸֡
ȫӦֻ߸֣սĿȨ޽صҶҾ棬ͬʱʹսĽһԤԣ
Ҷƶڽӵر֮׶ȳֳ״̬ҳá
Ƹ¥˼Զ׼ҿսǾʸ񽫱¥ڷҳǵ÷
⻰էһЦǸҶǶ֣ǾͽԼפض˵ȫǣ
һ仰Ҷƶ˷Щ첻ˡ
Ƹ¥ʲô
ʱ˽ܶࣻһĽ˲֪׹ӵҶƶʲôˣ֮Ҷʹ쳾ʮ꣬ں쳾ֻҪ۹ٷ飬ǿԲõġ
׹ӵݣ׹ӹȻûпȴҲû䣡
׹ӣ֮ӣ
ϵΨһӣ
ݶԣҪҶƶҶҵϵӸֹ߳һΣ
ӵݵĶ֣Ҷƶ֪ǵ潫Ƹ¥Ƶ˳ǣôԼ͵׹ӽ
Լ߲Ÿոյ۵ĶӣҪﶫ֮ӣ
Ҷƶٵ죬ڵǰ״Ҳмֳˡ
ʵ֮ǰҶƶ˱Ϊ̫һ˼Ҫ÷ҳǵȨ鱨ش©ڶԹ֮ǰǲ֪󱳺˵˭ġ
Թ˽⣬ͽڹ֮һλǳǳţƵĹٶ˵ϷЩϵԲܹռ޽֮סֱ֮󣬲űүӺɸֵָű˵һ٣֪ӾȻϷ۵İӡ
Ȼ֪ǰЩƣϷȫ뷨ۣӲ˵ʲôĵѹȴʵʵڣ޻ٵġ
Ҷƶ˶鱨ռĵĺܶ࣬ͬ׵޽Ƹ¥һҸϷ۶ӽа壬·ƶˣֻиˣһ֮£ȻƸ¥֮׹Ƕ۵Ķӣ
ߣǸ׹ӹϵڷƸ¥û֮ǰÿ¾͸һµаапҲĳ۵Ĺӣмıǰ׹ӳֵܣ˺ƣÿζȫˣ
񣬷Ƹ¥ڳ̬ҶƶЩɽˣ¸Ǹ̲ѣ˵һ۹ӾͲͣĵȴ̳еλô
ԸƶˡңҲҪɾƶ֮˶ѣûرȸߣݱѹ˱ĺô
ɵҶƶ˲Ĳ֮ǰֻǵ˹󣬻˵֪߲СССףɴ˼ҪǵԷƸ¥սаˡ


147 ˼
Ȳ˵ܴܲ򲻴ùˣǶˣˣûˣۿ϶룬Ҷ쳾Ҫһս巽ۣûг֣ĺ󱲾ͰǵñȥˣҪʷǿʤ氡Уɱʱһõô
һ࣬ͷӿҶƶԾɫӣһׯ£ȴЦ
ã
֪ˣ֪ںˣ
֪ʲôأ
Ѿˣ
⻹ҿǲ֪Ҷƶ˸̵ʵݣ֪ˣţĳ߷ڵأޣѾ΢ĩУ˳룬쿪Щ£˼ҵĶӶǻӣɶ˵Ȯӣ¹ϧҪ㣡
Ҷƶãھʱ£ٺʹҹ֮ҧ¶ģϳȥ
Ȩ֮Ҳͨˡ
ˣѾ׵ˣƸ¥ǱҲ˵ֶԷͲǺޣȻѾעҪˣǾͲ˶ʱ֣֮ǰһϵжͽ޹ۿۣһҪԸʵļڸ
ȾǷƸ¥ȫ飬һˣΣĲҲ֣֮ͲҶˣֻ֪۸ǣӲ£Ͳȼ߰ݰؼģǱ߿ȫ淴ݶһ޽ҪڷƸ¥֮ϣǸôңȴǣ
Ѿǵ⣬ص⡭
㿴ǲҲۣ
Ȩ⣬ãǾҪһ˰ɡ
һҶҾȻǼʱִС
λү̾һ
һأȣȷģ߶ۣͲὫ޽ս¿ڣСӹҼҵСС֣ҶҶ쳾ֳ徣ǻȤ࣬һҶҺãգ
ؼǣǹ󡢷Ƹ¥ֻаˣĿǰΪֹɻû˳أҶҾ˷ҳǣҲǶռһ֮أ뵱Ϊһ֮ۻĺңԶ֮ϻ޽ȦֵܻᣬƸ¥ûչʾʵ̸νʤûʵ壡
ǿһأȷ̫ˣҹ
һԶ׼ȫҪɾľȴƫҪհǰ˺ȨףԼʧݣҷԼŻԼʵ̫ɶˣ
ڳļλүӴ˼ʲԼͬ뵽ҶЦҶЦĻڵһʱɣ
½ˡ
ֱܵжϣ۳˱мܣҲܹܣùܣ
ǰᣬһⶼǸƣ
Ȼȷľǣҹ֮Ĳȴ̫ˡ
һ򵥵ıȷͬǸ·һһҹͬǧҶƶ̵ʱҶЦѾǧ֮⣡
ֻ𲽵Ĳ࣡
ǰѾ˵Ĳ࣡
֮ʲôأ
֮Ĳָö
ֻ½޷ǵ
ûбȽϾû˺
ȻչƣҹȴԳһ޴ı˶ˡ
ƵҶҾΪʲôͻȻĬҹ
Ψһɣ˷긲¥ַ룡
ǻʲôʲôȨ⣬֮һ仰ˣ
ҲǿΪ֮Ҳɫ
ӲͷƤϵġ
Ƹ¥ڿҶҾչ֮󣬼ʱŵԣɾؽԼ¥ȫݻ٣ȻĶΣֿȭȫȻԵֿԳ룡
ѴܰҶƶΨһľֻлַС
˶ѣ

ҶƶˡڵõϢ֮󣬷Ƹ¥ߣҲǾΥİ׳׹ӣ¶һЦ⣬漴ԸȥνҶѪҲ죬ǿ̸ʮĴ֮ҶҶ쳾Ҷĺ˾ȻɫĪ˵棬аҲʰˣҶƶˣԼҶҾһϢǷƸ¥ǣ
ҶƶˣһС󣬲ҵĶֻߵˣ
׹ӷʵݾǵȻĮӣԺ·꣬ٶʲô
仰ȥ֮Ƹ¥ĸ߲㾡ᡣ
ʲô
Ҳ˵ˣ

ɱҳǡ˽ӡιֱ֪֮ôһ
ѵҶƶǴ֮ҶˣͽڱУбҪɱô˶
ᡣ¶ȻҶ˶ȫ֣ôҶҲ͹ʮ躹ޣע˰֣֮֮ζܹҶҵķˣһݵ£
κι˼ɡ
֣漴Ӱʧˡ

ɣ
аֱӣ



148 
Ҷ쳾ҶĺպѰȴλԼ
ĺ֮ڽֵܣ𣡡
ŷƸ¥ĳ룬ֵܻ᷽淢޽ֵ
ֵܻʮֵѪģҪΪҳֵܵԩ걨ѩޡ
ѪծѪ
ϹȷָҶҾΪ壻Ȼ֮Ҷ߶ȷһĴߣµҶƶȴһ۸ֵ͵ĳݰǷȱֻǶϷƸ¥һãֻһ仰ȻҶƶ˳ҹ˲ݰ֮⣬ݡ
ԣҪҶƶȨ׶ΣҶҾ״дϣҶҼʱһǿɵĹγβ󲻵ϾҶҾѾȫս˷ҳǣһȫ漤ú߶ʱֻ¾Ҫù
ֵܷ׷׵ͷʾͬ
ۺϵǰһʣжƶ˹ӾһǰվһĽɫֻôϲ֮ҶͷҪһɼԼҶҺġһ˶ѣҶҸ֧϶ϲô٣
ϹһЦһֻĸʥڡ
֮⣬Զ
ϣһ´΢Ц˵ǰ״ȴҲĸҶƶ˺ôϲıȴ޶ϵԸֱӽҶƵʸ֮ĵλϣҲͿ๦ߡĻ
ֵһЦһգ˲ʵ鴫
Ϲ΢ЦҲ˵ʵҶҶĳ羴ȴǷģԭҲίʵû뵽̬ķչôףô˳ڼ䣬Ҷƶ˵Ը㹣ʵǰҲæĻƵҲû̫ϵһ仰ʱƣʱ칷ܣԵɺϸˣ֮֮ҡ
һЦ׷ʢ˵úá
´̾˿ˣˣʵĳֺγǵĳԣЩԭǴҪҶҾģϾǶɢ޳ҶʮԼ֮ʱͿʼﱸα˴˺Ӧ֮Ҷɢ޳еӢۺú˭ҲķϣʱӢۣӢʱƣҶ괴ʷ˻Իͣ񣬱Ӣ۵ʱƣȴ˹ܣҶĺ˾Ȼ˲Ӳѱ˵ˣҲǾ⡣
˷׷̾
һ֯ǲһҵᣬȴȻҪݺϹѪɫ󣡡
ֵܻô¾ȻΪҶƶ˵ĺôϲȴҲ֣
´صͷѪһΣȻǲܹŹģ

һʱ䣬޽ӿ
Ȼֽ׶εķҳѾȫҶҾĵ̣ڸޱ˴ĪӦ֮£ҳȴֱ޽֮еһµ
â֮ء

ǰзңгһ룬Ϊҹĳɶ¶ų𡣡
ؼүڼҹ£̾ԽԽǾǰ;ã
ʵֺֹүӣļһķӦ
Ȼ㣬һû˿ʱһڽһڵ̾
ԭٽʮؿڵʱ򣬼ּץҶҴ˸ϿǼȴʮĴ񣬾ȻҪԼɣǷڴУԸӡ
ֱʳ֪ζҹ¡
˵ˣҶĳˣʳ֪ζҹ£
ֻοɲ˷ܣǷ
˯ž
ʵ֮ǰζû뵽ġ
Ҷң֮ҶҶĵϵôɳôһ
Ҷ棬ôһôҶ棡

á
Ϥ˷Ƹ¥鱨֮ҶЦã¶Ц
׹۸ڶλƶ˹ѾˡҶЦҡҡͷЩź԰׹ӵԸ̽ʵǸҶҶҴ˱ӣֻڡһȫ־Ķ֣׹ֻȫȻӣԷҳҶҾʲô飬ϧϧ
ѵƸ¥๣нЩš
ҶЦǡΪϵķˣʵǲԸһֻݼ׹ԣҶƶ˻䣡
ҶЦвһ仰ҲǸңǸӹ˼֡
˫ط׹ȴҲ飬Ҷһ֣¡֮Ҷڰ׹ˡ
ҶЦ˵ĵ̾˿һʱ侹֪Լеһʲôо
ԤԹȵƸ¥һҶƶ˵Ŀ¾ҪֵˡнԾԾԣȫս⡣
ҶЦͷǿ䱸ǣɽкξ塣


149 ﹫ӵѰ
ҶЦĹƴ
ɽδȴ
ҶҾûһ鷳˷š
﹫ӣ
һյҹǰȡ
Ȿʲôϡ£һʱսɱĳߣεҪ̣ЧǵǰսԼĵʦҩʦƸͲῼã߱Ȼһٱǧ㡣
ˣ֮ǰҲǴε߿ɶʥ߽ߣ˸ǹ˴֮õҽνӼ֮ҽ߽ˣһѰɢѼ룬Ҳٿǹɢ޳֣ڶֻͽǳЦһεɢսϡ١
ȴõѣߣȴԸѡʱϾЩ߱ʵߣƷȴ֮ǰʥ߽ȫ޲𣬵һһΣֻһϦƲòʧսѾĻҳҾֿѽһľƣûս£ȻҲûߡ
ۺأķսϡ١
˿Ѿǽӽһ죬ҶЦͻȻоһ𶯣漴һ磬һҳǣƺǲ
ƺҪضһ㡣
ҶЦ죬Ȼ⣬ͻȻô춯صĶǲҪʲô£
һ£ȴҲûб쳣Ķ
ҶЦһơ
ʱͻȻҽƺء
Ѿһˣ̫ˡ
ҶЦᣬʱҶЦĲҽȻԶһаħҽͷҲ룬߲ùʹ״ٲȻεİ棬ҶЦҲԹۣ
⵹ҲҶЦаʣʵƲһͬ͵ǲȣʱǺŻԶ
ȻҹҶЦ֮ȴĴǽ˽˽
ҶЦ˾ԲԭȣһǰºԼŵֱӼ󣬱˵
ΣҶЦ֮ĵԭǴ˵ǰ״
ң飬¾Ȼ·ǧι˺һ㣬˵ǱѪģݴ˵ǰܵ˺̶ȡ
ҶЦ鿴ѾòˣֻܵػԴԲͬľ͸ߴʮ֣ʮӡǣиֱܳɵ˺ۣһٴ⣬ϻĸֶأȻҲ֮߰ࡣ
ŵƣҶЦҲƽ
ҵ걻Χһһˡܵ˺ҲԲһ࣬Ҫ˵ܵĲ𡭡
ҶЦﰵ⡣
ߣȻҵΧ˹ҵꡣ
ǻҶЦ֮ģΡ
ʵʱ򣬱ѾһϢ֮ҶЦսõʱȻҲ²֪
ƣκУųɾֻ۰װ׵ؿ߾Ȫ·һ
ʵ̫أȭػѹǲмж־綾ϮѾ澭֫ٺҶЦƣȺιʳöЧĵ񵤣޾ռ֮֮ˮҲûȫסߵ״ߵ״֮ߣ֪
ҶЦæ˰ҹųɹȷסһ˿վֱ塣
ʱҲҲҲҲûʵѧȴʵϵĲҽҶЦ˵ҲΪ㣻ôصˣܹһ˼ܵͳƣҪҪں׷ɱĶͷֻҲڶġͷ㲻򵥣˵Ҳ򵥣첻㣬Ե

ⷬƶæһҹ
ҶЦҩˮİ˹֮⣬ȴй۲״жϸʹúҩ񣬵ҽ߽ǶȶԣҲǱȽϳְģᾹҲЩˣ˼ͷƵõƣԼڿϢһᣬŸոҪձۣʱ򡭡
ҶЦҹ
һŭŭէȻھϿա
˹λ˼ʱһ㣬ӹգھԺ֮С
ΪߣǷ﹫ӡ
﹫Ӵ˿ֱ̺Ӿŭڣŭɶ
һ鷳ĶԼͷĻȥһƤҷΨɱ֮ȻڹջɵõǬǷ鷳ĸо﹫Ӿˡ
ǵڶͼ뿪˷ҳǣԶ硣
·תͻȻ˵ҶҴ˳ǳˣȴǸЦҶЦԭѾפļ˶ȫ뿪ˣ֮ҶЦֻƵƭԼ
էһϢ﹫ӵͱˡ


150 ǰ
Ϣ﹫ֱӱ
ԼȻôˣ棬ûûҲǲ㱻ǸҶЦ˺òã
ԭǸҶЦͲǴ֮ҶĴˣ
һҵĹϵûУ
һоֻԴԼ룿
ֻԼŻԼѣ
ԼԼŵõԼԼŵǸԼԼŵý˼Ҿ޶ԼԼŵüβ
⡭ôĽʲô£˵㲻ϣôıѻ

ҵֻҲĪˣµ治ס
﹫ӸоԼһͷβɵϣ˵Ū
ҶЦҲɱ㣬ĲΪˣȷϢʵ֮﹫˶ġ
ȻǾ仰ûбȽϾû˺﹫ӱΪԼҵļѾͷˣʵָһĶ⣬ڻת֮ǰһ£ϲ¥﹫ӶҶЦĺ١
˫ش֮£ĳӼҹ̵ظ˻
еԭĿĵصطҳʵ̫Զһ·̼Ǽ̸ϻ·Ҳһ£ٿҳǡ
Ŀĵؼѽߣ﹫һȻȲ̬ƴ˾ûдһڣͿʼ
ҶЦڵǰ״ü
﹫һȥٴδżҪɶ
ģϴ֪ˮˮֵ֮⣬İףһ˾ɫֻǿǰ˶۾ʡ
£ڣ
Ƕ﹫ˮֵܣϾֻһ¶ѣ֮ǰûеǰɺ󣬶ǡ
ҶЦеĻһ漴ãٻ﹫ӡ
˼ʵԵñɭƺбӴðһѾѹѾõĳؽ˷йȥ

ɫâȻһ
ǰȻһţȴŻһʤӴнӿ
էȻֵĴţ﹫վĵطֻŲɵĿռ䡣
߶ԣͲ룬˵Ǿǰ
﹫Ӽ״һ֮ǰԭеĵطͻȻƾճһⰻȻŻһĻֻ˵ίʵ̫һ㡣
ŻӰ
мһˣĮһɾӸ°Ⱥ׵ɣҶЦ
ߵˣ߲꣬нβǺɷ֮
﹫ӴгԼ֮⣬дĸһͬǰҶЦҲĸ˳ȥ
ҶЦĮ񻺻۽﹫ϣ﹫ٴǰ֪кҪ£ؾҾ󺰴УʵʧݣΪ֮ѵҪһβ֮ô
ҶЦ㻹˵ʴʣ﹫ıߵһȣ˫Ŀͬ𣺡޳ܵƭӣƭҺÿ࣡
ƭӣ
ҶЦظһ䣬ԭĮ޲жȻ˿ǰȵĻ档
﹫һĳνȴǴҶЦǰҲеۣ
ҶЦʱɻģ֡
ƭӣƭʲôˣ
ҶЦ޵۾ĪĺȻ﹫仰ȴˡʱƭʲôƭĲƣƭɫ﹫㵽ķʧأ
﹫Ի£һſࣺ㻹ϣ㻹ҪƱ籾ӵľ嶼ش
ҶЦɫʱһ䣬﹫ԣҶĳң֮¾ԣ㹫˵ҶĳҲǾлģڴлӴ¾޿ܡ
﹫סˣȻһʱûдҶЦı۵зӦв֪˿ȴΪĳ޷˵ľܾȻ飬ᡭ
ţȻڳˡԶľʵҲ֪࣬ǰһĻģ̫ˣ̫ˡ
﹫ȻΣ˶ԾĿעţһ֮ʣʧҶЦ˶֪ں˵ʲô㡭
ҶЦǺЦ﹫ӣν߳ŭҶĳ˴Ǹη֮ЩûеȴҲӲԲϣ﹫ӵ＼Ȼ죬ȴڱСоǣû̹﹫ӵ＼ʵɣô񣬺˵˵ˣ
ҶЦڵĳ̶Ȼȥһµĸ߶ȣ﹫ӼȻҴۣȻҪʱνС˱𣬴絽ˣ


151 ɸһս
﹫ӱҶЦ¶ǵȫεҭòѪɨٶȱ۹⣬ûƵñȥйβŲҶЦ㲻Ҫſڿӣͼֻ㣬֮ǰ˵Ǵ֮ҶĴˣҶҵϵƶ˹ӰҶҾܲ㻹˵㲻ð޳ƭӣ
ҶЦЦһ֮Ҷˣ⻰ʲôʱ˵żԲԱҶҴԾӹȴ֪﹫룬Ǹ¶⣬ӳ⣬ǰߣֻǻܻоȣǺǿҪˣԲûҽεģ㱾ҽεԸⲡ֢Ҳ޲ߣ޿κεģ
﹫Ӵŭ㡭
ˣҲеܣ﹫̫ˣǱȻԲлֲǰߴϵ⣬Ⱕɾ귽ȱʧˣҶЦĵҿǼǵһֱڷϵģһǲף﹫ӵΪʲôֵô˵ʲôŵһ㣬͸˰һ㡭ôβˣɣֻЩᴵ˶ֹڴˡ
ЦԭྐྵˣҲΪ﹫ӵĴ壬˼ˡԭ﹫һֱţʲô֮ҶĴˡԼԼˣνǧ治УԭԲʵղ֪Ծǲ飬ٿһ۽磬﹫ӹȻţ棬ʤ
ҶЦ֮Էڿζ¶ǣǼٴ֮ǡ
﹫ûһʱ侹÷ζˡ
ΪǵҶЦһֱ˵Լʲô崫ˡ
Լȴƫƫ˵ķһߵڵԼԼűˡ
£ôܳϣκԵʱ״ʱ򣬶൱룬һжֻܹ鹦ĳ˵Ӱۼʵ̫λˣܻԲʲô£
﹫شãƽݺݵһЦҶЦ˵ƴȥҲǱɣ
ҶЦ¶ԵĳŪôԭ﹫ӾΪҶĳһ
﹫ЦѵôҶЦȲ㶵֮£һ㡣
ҶЦͷ
ҶЦȴԽĲ﹫ӿڣһոʢǸͷβĲݰվҶΣչүӻүӶ﹫ˮֵܵҶ֣ǵ³Ȼֻ·һԣǵյѡ񣬾Ψһ·
ڵǰȻʧȥҵȫ֧֣սѷǵտɱȣнҶЦ˾˵Ľ˵ģû̫﹫һ̫£ҶЦѾ﹫ڲݰûȤ̫ȥˣ
Ȼ¹Ȼ棬гķչѾҶЦΪݰ﹫ȴͻһʡ
﹫һͻȻƽȻƽ֮Уȴ̺ǰδеѹָоҶЦʵڡ½ɣ
ҶЦȻȻһ䣬һĿⶸȻ﹫ϣʲô˼
﹫ӿҶЦķӦһ¶ɫԭ㣡㣡
ҶЦ̤ǰһ֪ҵҵĹˣ˭
﹫ͻȻЦˣ˭ˣҶЦƾһҡײƭıСˣҲἰ˶ô
ҶЦɫָƽĵȴȻ졣
ҳ֮У϶ûκ֪Լ
½ĸ֣ԼǴûжκἰ
ô﹫ǴӺε֪أ
֪Լ֡
Ҫһ㣬ֻһܡ
﹫ԼĹˣӦ˪ˡ
Щˡɾ̫ˣ
ΪĽЩ˾ûλ﹫ӵĶ֣
﹫ĸƢӲǳΪѡ
﹫ƫƫ֪ˣ⡭ζʲô
ҶЦϵͻȻӿǰδеķɱ
Ҵ˻Ƥ߳ŭҪɱô﹫ӺݺݵĿҶЦҶЦ治֪˵ǲ̫֪ߵغ񣿡
ҶЦ˵̤ǰӿƽߣûһ㡣
﹫ҶЦɸһս
һսҶЦ૵ظһ䣬漴¶һпЦݣ﹫սкβأ
Ҷ⸰ս⵹ǳӵϣ˵ˣǡҲˣǾʤΣ
﹫¶пЦ⣺ҿûдҶЦٶ๶ֻ㿴һһȥģҽȻԾȵˣȴ֪ǷܾȵԼأҽҽǹ֮ԣ


152 ս
ҵֵһȥƾǰĸ᲻̫Ϸһ㣿ҶЦң﹫ĸˡ
һˮˮֵܻͬʱɫ䣬ŭһ
﹫ǵЦ
ҶЦ仰һǴӦⳡľս
﹫ӿҶЦذɣ޽ң
ԼĸˣˮֵܶʥƷߣʵ൱ףλǼɸԼһΪʥƷ֮ԼɣƱؽϲ¥Ϊ˸ԼӳųӣɳļĴ֮е
ĸݣҳǣֻҪ߶ڲԳ֣ǺɨҳǶڻ£
οֻǰһôˣ
﹫ԾԼҶЦֲŲ⾰֪ĵ̡
ĴƭҶЦȻǾϴ󣬵һΪҲֻԪƷΪһ£оҲԪƷԷΪߵˣһ꣬һнҲֻʥԪƷˮ׼գµˣÿСϺףȫԺԲơ
ʵϣԼǰֱᶼ᲻ֻ˷һ˳֣£ⳡսĵûѶȣ
սԼȶϻ棬ʹ˿ʼɡˮһɫģи˸ԹĹâضҶЦ
һ﹫ӹˮֵͬɨأһڶѵ÷йȴ˳Ļᡣ
ܷŹ
ȻҪһ֮ˡ
Ҷ֪㱾ˣù°ɽǣˮȫǲ̡
ҶЦٺһЦƾˮĲʸñ֣нս½زټֵǳս
нԾȻһ񣬳˵ǣ
漴
һ£һȻϿճ֣һݣջûһϿա
Ǵ󣬴ңǰ󡭡һֱߵĹȥ
ûκҲûκ˳ôĿ档
ãսн
Ϊߣһ˿ǰһɫӦ
һ֮࣬Ϊһӣ˿ңˢˢת붯ȥ棬ѸٷŵݣоվУȷеÿ˶ܹ泡صս״
ÿţվһͷˡ
һȴããõÿڡ
﹫ԭĿʱһ
һ̣λʥ߽¾ȻһĪ𶯵ĸо
ΪէȻ֮УΪ͵ĺȻҲԪƷĳ̶ȣΪߵλÿ˶ʥԪƷΪ
Ķ飬ݡ
ǸղǷһ֮ɽơ۲ѡ
ԷĸΪ߲УսֺϻֻҪ˴ĬƷ֣һУҲǾûκʤģ
Էɭϣ嶯ȫްִͣ˴֮ѲҪĬٲȻ޷ϣ˵ûսϣֻҲû˻ŵġ
ݣκʥ߽߶ݣ
ȻݡԶԶûн½
漴һ죬һͬƾճһֻ˵ķͬΪ죬ڿ
ãţãá
жӹսнٶȷ

һ̣ããó֣ڱ档
ֵļããֱϷ
ǣʮǧϤϿվǹս˶ޱ飬ׯ£ڱεʵʵֻ϶
϶ҲڱѸ䡣
ִʮգнսܲʮˣѸ϶
ˣսϹǧһһʮ˸ˣھȫսȫԱĬĬعһƬԼɵĳء
ۿŶԷͻȻչֳ˹ƣΪ﹫ӹȻ֪ЩսζʲôȴǸеĪһҶЦǿһЦҶڳôƣǴҪΧˣ
ɫ̬֮Զ׼νľ֮ٲһ˲ݰԲǲݰ
ҶЦֵƲƲ죺ƾĽɫҲֵȫԱΧˣ̫Լ˰ɣ
﹫ЦǴΧô˳׳ô⵹ҲǸѡ񣡡
ҶЦЦһֱڴԷ﹫ӵչһľս뱾ֵ֤


153 ŭ
һǲݣһսӮˣҵܴӸֽս֮УһЩΪĶˣǵսˣǾʹ˽ɢ״ûгֵĿܡ
ҶЦԴʾǳ֮⣬Ȼȴ
ǧͬʱһǣ
ڳÿ˿﹫ӵ˵񣬾гȤζ
⵽ɵ桭
鷳Ҳû˭ˡ
ǰʱʵ΢ĩʱҲǰΪƽһҵΪҲŻһ۷ʱ̣óóȻس鷳ֱӾǲƣ
﹫ҶЦŵʤȯյػͷ̵˵Ҷ֮⣬ǲݵһս
ҶЦĮ˵ô⣬ȻⱾıɡ
﹫쳤ЦҶȻˬ죡Ȼˣ˰ɡ
ȴǳһ
ԭҶЦ֮ǰεĹթﾹǸɵϣԶΪʤԷôһӵϣֻδشùȴƫƫطΨһСӵ͵ô죿﹫š
﹫ӵҲȫȻĲݰȻҶЦ֧Ŀ³̶ȣȴҲµ֧ǿ׸㶨ġ
Ҳһʺţǰʱǰ֣Щһں֮ڣʵ޵úܣô쵽ʵƷ췭ظľ޴仯ʲôԵʣ
ҶЦۿӣаЦСӿ϶ɵ
ɵ˭Ȼ
Ĵ򲻹ѵҲֱΧ
СˣλС˽֮У
ΰҪ鳵ԵʯһԴҵΪȥʲôزӮֱӸɣӮһϣǡ
˵ǲ־治֣
ô޴Ҳû˭ˡ
﹫Ӳǲݰǰ׳գԲһеˣ
һԷˮ˭ϣҶЦʵ
ɷ֮һԾˮүүúź㣡
ҶЦֹɷ֮Ѿ˳ȥ
ҶЦɵüͷһ塣
һ֣ҶЦԭⲽ꣬¶Էһˣһ׳˷ƣҲҪнսнʵѷɫڶԷںɷ֮
ɷ֮ΪȻͻƣȻͻʥһƷޣݽȻѾϽþˣ˵һǧҲΪʵʵֻʥףԷʵʵʥƷΪǲģսаܶʤϾÿ˶粽һԽɱ֣
һôô˳ȥδ̫çײˣ
ԷЮŭһ־飬ƫƫղѾ˫ݣ˼ʹҶЦҲֹս
㣿ɷ֮ˮսǺɷ֮ŭֻԼĪ裬תҶЦҶЦ㰲ſǿ
ˮȴ㲻òⱣĿˣʵʵʥƷ֣һɱȣ﹫ӾֵΪǿŸҲ鷳󣬶ɷ֮ȻҲ֮ڵǰķҳǣȴֵ㲻ʲô˼Ҳ֪ǿ֪ģȻսˮ֮Ծ
ȻǿģΪʲôҪ㣿ҶЦ۾ԳĿǷʵˮʲôҲֵҿ֮У֮ڵ龹㷢ôƢĲãøİ
ˮû£ֽŲŭһҶЦ㰲ң
ҶЦָһҲ̶õ̾㣬ëߣ
ˮһɲǼǵͨ죬ֱɫ
˼ȴˮУ԰꣬Сӷڹ⼤ŭ㣬޷侲ս˵ıɡ
ˮһݣǿŭݺݵضҶЦ
ˮֵǹ߾սʸɱ֣֪ٵʧȥ侲ı׶ˣ˼ˮֵ㣬ʹĵηŭԾǿѹ֣ս־
ҶЦЦҪʲôͳֵϣõżŭëǹһ¼ϴôβܵģҪĳĳֶλɱˣ
űһĳЦ
һΣˮַŭߵˮҲǻ
ҶЦԹӣǿ벻̣
ˮһŭ𣺡ҶЦұɱ㣡
ҶЦĿˮеĻȴĶ񶾣αؽ飬ҧ˵ĹУҺҽУǻҧ˵ĹΪ磬±˲֪ô˵Ҫüβܵķʽɱ𣿹


154 \ɷƴ
ˮһֻ˫Ѫ죬ͷͷνѪͫŭڲǡ
ˣڳĲ඼ˣαװǻƣԼί࿶˭֪˭
ҶЦܣЦգͬһ֮Σ֮ȴһҿԣͬһҰһ㣬Ĺˡ
֮Ц˷ҶЦԣھһӦսʮ֮˾ŶĿһ־磬ѵ־Ϊ෹̸ʣ㲻˿ڣȴҲ࣬˼ҶЦᣬǵŵ˾ŪЧɸࡣ
ǵҰһĻɫھȻֽ˵ҪɱˡҰҶЦЦ
ЦС
ˮֻоԼﾡǺ죬һ˫۾ѪҲ£ͷҲһƬ硣
յ裬Է˵˵ʹвпŵĳɷ֣ƫƫԼȴһֶˡ
һ࣬Ǳ
һ̣Լ뿪ʱȷʵĽٺ˼
ʱ˿̣ʹҪȴҪα༭
ˮŭһԼ֮˿ǰһâһѳʣ˼ҶЦͳ˹
һ̣ް侲ǣѾ̼ó׵ˡ
оֻһԼеҫϣȫɥʧҶЦɱҶЦһҶЦǰ̧ͷ
ֻ֮ҪҶЦһԼԼݺľɱ֣ˮ
ɷ
ҶЦһٳ˽ⲣսپ
ҶЦڽʥ֮۹ϬֻһۣѾѸжϳɷ֮ƾһ֮϶ϲˮ֣˫սѰǲ֮񣬺ɷ֮սѾڱУŲϧԽݣϬԴʣ伫ĳˮһгıڴ˿̣
ɷ֮ǳʥȴҲǽ鼫ḻɢޣ˼ᣬһҶЦǰأԵˮƾҲǿ׶֣͵ϮҪƤ
ˮ𻰣һŭȣȻȻ
ɷ֮һĺɷȻһı̹ⶸȻ䡣߿壬Ȼܵƴ֮ˮ˹ȥ
ɷ֪֮֮Լոһվ˲ˣʥ˷ԼҸо̫ˣεðʧˡƾԼڵʵλˮĶ֡
ʥԪһƷƷ֮䣬زӣ˴ʵ࣬ǵ
ȻѾվˣȴƱز˻ȥվ˻ȥɲǴԼǴӵһһ֮䣬ȫ·磬ƣ
Ժɷ֮һ˲һˣƴ߾ȫƴܾˣͬھȡʤûգȫƴͬھȪսǿȡһµģ
һ̣ɷ֮ȻսԼȫ֮ϣ
ΣƴҲܸүˣ
˫Ѷսѡսֽһ̣ҶЦͻȻ񼼣Դ絶ش̼ˮɷ֮ɵҲ֪ҶЦڸԼ
˼ҶЦѾɹԷˣԼٲջᣬôϣҲûˡ
ɷֻ֮һ
һԷԻָһ侲ôԼǱɣֻƴͬھԴ
šۡһ죬˾Ȼײһ
ɷ֮һƫͷһšˮĳŷĽ籩СȻϮκҲжϳĹٶȣ˴˾룬һɷ֮ܲˣ
ͬʱɷ֮ĺɷЮı̹𣬵ƻٶȣҪѷɫԷ࣡
һ̣ûκ⣬ˮĳкɷ֮һ͸壬
ѵҶЦٰıϧԽݵĿڹƣԸдɷ֮Ľ֣
꣡
һ΢춯֮ȴǺɷ֮ĺɷոոɷ֮شĽһ飬ˮ彣٣Ȼɷ֮֮Ծɣȴ޽轣׻ٵɷ֮һսˣ
ˮۼҸ彣Ȼ΢΢һ֮ʣɷ֮Ľ˿ͣ͵˳ƾˮظ
һƴһıըԽǿӿ롣
ˮתѸжƣʥԪƷԪתǿзԼڵĻԽ֮࣬ʮƳɺɷ֮
ˮһѾ׻ָǣ֪սּսʧأ˫ʵʵ⣬Լ˵ʮƣǽɷ֮ˣǽ֮ɶȷ޷д˽ԼֻҪԼܹ⿪ΣʤԼģ
ɷ֮ȻһƲݵʮƣֺԼļӭȥֵĳԾԲҪķʽͽ
䣡


155 Ӯ
һ֮ࡣ
ɷ֮Ѫģ˳ȥԭأֻأˮ
ίڵء״ĺɷ֮һ߿ѪһߺٺٹЦ׿еˮѪ۾ֱ̧ҶЦҶЦ㡭
˵ȻֹͻȻڱ֮Ѫ֮дѪཱུðͬʱһɫȻ
龰ͺˮͻȻһ©ˮƤһ㣬ֻǣ罦Ѫοɲ
͡
ˮȻϴ֮£֫⣡
ϣֻһѹͷ⣬ѪˮʡȴǷǣʬ
ڳ˾ѻȸĿѣۡ
磡ˮ챯ʹĴһ˫ĿԳࡣ
Ǳίڵغɷ֮ۼˮʬɣųֵҲڽȥ
ղһսʱ֮ݣͻ֮ңȴǺţɾɲһжڵʯ֮У䣬սȻȻս־۵ףȴû˭ܹȫսµİ
ûвȫûУ˿׵ģЩˣԼͬ̾˿
ۣǺɷ֮ӮˣȻӮüѣӮòңȷʵӮˡ
ֻǣһսʤ̫ң
ȣˮս֮ǰѾҶЦԩ߻أ񳹵ʧأһ鼤ǷŭʧȥǺж֮ʱȻᱬǰսȴҲɥʧսϸڵƿأɷ֮ȴʼ侲㣬ϸ΢֣ʤ֮С
Σһսأ˫Уɴ֮ĺɷҶЦ֮ĺɷȻѾ쳾ѵһ
ˮ彣֮ȣֻ߹һ㣬ȫ޿أһ顣
һʣתսͬвɻȱ޿ȡҪԣ
ɷ֮ΪƣƴܶԷһ˻ԷĽٵ˳ƽˮͬĹشս֣ʼգɷֵ֮ģֻһ
ֻһΪ㣬սս
Ȼ۵ʤһؼǺɷ֮жϾȷ۲΢սвˣȫȻƴȡʤĴ򷨣ΪܽٽˣһĶӦһǳɣָɣ֣ܲԼΪʤϧһĶ־ɣ
һɣӦøǼˮǾþеɱ֣óȫ֮нĵһʱ㾯ѹˣغ䣬ɷ֮ͷѡԼȫϡõĳشۣȡȫˮڡ令ԪĹؼʱ䣬յ˼ˮԪܹάϵƬ̣״Ҫٶת
ɷۣ֮ܣıϸ£˶ĸ̣֮֮ٸĶ־ʤǿƯµһս
һսƽ֡棬﹫ϼ⾷һ£
ղŽ˫ʤκһʤش󣬴˼ʺɷ֮ʤˮν֮е⣬﹫ȻҪսȡһ£
ϹˣһʤˡҶЦЦЦ
ɷ֮Ƴ˹ԼҲǻ˵ģսܾƾʲô˵ӮˣϹأ﹫ӲȻŭ༥
ɷ֮ˣ˵ϹϣҶЦ˵һȻ˺ɷ֮ǰһ֣̽һŵҩ˺ɷ֮ĿС
һ̻һϢĺɷ֮ǺһĲ԰ףްѪɫǿɵҩڣؿǾ߼ѾڱԵϡȻʼڰЩѾѵģȫû޸ļȻʼĸԭ
Ƭ֮󣬺ɴ֮ȻǴڻԲѵ״̬֮УȴѾڲ԰ֽ٣ֽ˵ɫؿڸǿʼ΢
﹫Ҫɱ˵۾ҶЦ
ҶЦվ˵ʤܣҳ£ƽ֮ǾԸֵܵƶȲνʮνıνĲҽ񲻿յ﹫Ӻαôң﹫ӵĲƴҲԽˮȻˮҲûôһǿƽֵġ
Ȼ
﹫ӿǰһѰѪ˿Ĺͷϼⲻɵþһ¡
ô˶Ѿ˲飬ôȻ
Ī˵ңҽߵʦܣ˭Ҳģ
㲻ܣôԲˣҵ˻һǾʤˣԶ׼һĿȻҶЦЦݿ䣺óá
﹫ӵɫʱˡ
ߵһ챬Цζ֮֮ǰ
Ͼ˼ʿ﹫ɫľ˭Ҳ̲סҪЦ


156 ڷ
ʵ̫ˡ
ʵͰһ˵һսȷܾƽ֣ɷ֮ǰ״гƷ֢鵤ȣĿܣȻǸ⣬һ߿һλųܹʥ
ʵһ㣬Ҳѷ֣ɷ֮ղŹȻȫĵ㲻滨٣ΨΪνȫ˳ȥΨƴҲסԴ࣬Ϊֻ֪ҪԼԴңķд棬㵱Ҳδõˣ
ҶЦҽʢĲ滨١
һʤˣ﹫ûɣҶЦɷ֮ɫ˼ֺ󣬺ҲƽȻȻɲһѾȷϱסˣһ㣬˭ó
﹫Ӻݺݵ˵ҽҩЩУʼǱ޳ܵСо
ҶЦͷζ˵ഫڽдôһˣԼռ˱ˣΪ쾭壻ռ˱ˣΪ޳ܡ
ҶЦ΢Ц﹫ӣ֪˵ʲô˼ɣ
﹫Ϊ֮ᣬȴֲ֪ηһʱ
ɷ֮ˮѾ˫Ŀͨ죺Ҹ
Ʒ転һس˳
ˮ챾ɷ֮ƳأϢʱһغҲ֮ʹޣȴʵڲ֮˽󣬿Ǵ˼ʺɷ֮ƴɫָֻʱ䳤֮£ɱ֮Ȼٶӿͷ߷Ȼǰƴ
ҶЦһ֣һ󽣹ȻبڳУЦһ˵ҪΪ籨𣿡
ˮݺݵѵӦôɱ֮𣬲죬˳˺ޣݣ
ҶЦһЦڲźã˵һһ׵ġֻڹƽս֮бɱҪѩޣǲǡҲҪȱ˴ӻ֮ѹٶְ
ˮһ죬ղۼɱֳ˻ƺתŭ֮£Ȼһ硣
нǰһ˵öԣҪҲҪȺɷ֮ѹ˵ֻءڱˮѾûлȵɷ֮ѹˡ
һɣⶸȻ͸һսź죡ֵһ߾Ȫֻһ˹¼ţֵ֡
ˮŭһãɱ㣬ɱɷ֮Ըοֵ֮飡
漴
нһһƬâͬʵʣŲæһȻֻ¶˳Ŀ˾Ϊ֮һȴнֻһ̣Ȼһһף
֬һľӨ͸ܹ͸ƿĶ
ȴԵȾһƬڵ÷
էɫ֮࣬еڡ
нԵαĿұ첻ӣҲ֪Ƿˣ֣֪ԭǺڷɽɽɣ⣬ǱĿҹ򣡺ڷ֣
﹫һ϶Ȼ¶Ȼ֮ɫˣ
ϧʾ̫ˡ
ˮ˴һƬˮͬ󺣳֮ˣн㸲䣬ƵѼȴһ޻أתصĽʽ
нһɲŲæݲȣڷ𣡡
ֶȻһţšһһɫ֮ȻðһһףðĹȴɫģ΢쳣
ХƴоƺңȻһ˲䣬ˮ쿴ƥˮȴǵɫķ紵õأ
ڰɫ֮䣬Ȼһ
һ֮࣬н͵ǰһֻɫĴ֣˳ץ˳ȥȥ漲ȫ˼ɣ
һ졣
ˮĽݺݵնнɫϡ
нɫ˿䣬뽣潻ֻ·ֻʲôϡͣϬ棬˿ȫȻ·硣
ռϷ硪
нһǿ粽رһ˦һͷķ˳ȥΪˮֵжͣԭ㲻һ˶˶ʧ͸
ֱ˿̣ɫķڿֹͣХ֣ͬӵתȻͶн֮Уʧ
ʱˮʧȥͷ­ʬٶҰȻʬԾɼڳгתһתһͻͻðѪ
һŻ֪ʲôʱȻɢ٣
ҶЦļϣһֻѩ׵ĿɰСè֪ʲôʱӲĶųеʬ壬·ڿʲôϡ¡
н
﹫֮һ粽صнɫأеĺڷɽɽȻʵףȴԲʵ㵽ôģ
н˵ҵıʵ봫Բ
˵
нһЦΪһֱʵػ壬ıز¶СС׾գ
ɫأܣ


157 
нٺһЦٲ
нԭֻʥԪƷΪԭʵޣȻھʱһʵΪһķһ·ʥԪƷ۷壬ʵȣȻǲ칲أֻ£ôɵøһ˵ף
нԭеʵԲʥԪƷΪˮ֣кڷּУҲԸдսǰ֮ʵΪʤˮ죬ȻȻؽλǿвն£ǲѴ֮
˵ﻰսнԼЩţ
ĺڷ֣ѾоΪѵáɫأһ
ףҲõףͻϾôǼˣһָͷͿʰˡн˵һɰ֮ˡ
䣡нĻ䣬˷һƬƨ
һôŹƨĻ᣿
Ȼǲ糱
ȷʵ䡭ֻ½ˣһֻضԹǽٵж֮ʾֶΣ̫ôݳľĮнһѾ콭ɣ
нʶһ£Ȼ֪ԼûôģȻԷ˵ȻѾж£нЦһµ˵Ҫִô
˱ҡͷҲǽִߣΪҪܵͷģ
ʱһ˵Ȼ㲻ǽִߣȴҪ˵ʲӷϻɱȴǾִߣȾҾҫִȴҪʹͷģ
֮ǲꡣ
Ǿִ
ͬʱתͷѭꡣ
ھĸ߽λ֮УϣһƬɱ
ϴĿͬʱ¶һֽЦԷǵɫ
㲽ȷպգڽɢ޶Ƿͷڽɢ޺ôǰȴʲôʸվô˵
۹Ϊʥ߽ߣȴˮֵܿɱȣȻֻǾһƳȴѿһʵҲʥԪƷΪȻ֮ԻҪʤһˣΪôǿɶʥƷн׵Ĵߣ
꣬Ϊ˭Ȼǰô˵֮УǸ֮ȿ˵߼ɭ䡣
꣬㾹Ȼֵǰڳ⸱ӣĻˣһǳζĿŲꡣ
ˮˮֵˣǰ״ֵ˵޹ؽҪֻǹӶְˣҲãҲգʼ޹ش֣ǻ˲ûΪˮֵܵʧŭ
Ǵ˿̡ⲽѵǳıӵˣȻìͷֱӶǣһ޼ɣâ¶
ңͻȻЦΪʲôҡˣûаҵУ
Ȼһͦȵ̤ǰһ
һȻ̤ؽͻȻ𡰺䡱һ
šϣֻǷһȴûκκĲ
Ȼÿһ˵ȴ뷺һĸоŲһɵĺȻתתƵģ
ǰһҲģˡ
˺һֻоͷƤȻըȻתǬط꣬㡭㾹ʥƷΪ
국ЦЦһһѽУǾˣϰ߲׾ǣǣǲ浽زһԲ֪αһսֵˣ
ȻҲֵˣ
ɡὣأٶ΢΢ЦЦЦ޾᣺ҵ𽣡ֵܣ𣡡
ղԤԣ﹫лһ̤䵭˵꣬ʹ˼ʵȴҲĿһУտڰ׻Ǹ˱ڽɱ˲ȴҪ汾µġ𽣵жϬǷٲ꣡
ͦעĿ粽ǰ֮ˣĮɭȻΪִʹ֮Σ൱öףߵ۱գش֮׮
һײ֮ϣ
ײ֮ϣ
ײ֮ϣ
׮ϸʬΣ˼䣬С͡
ҲΪִǴ˼֮ˣѸ£̣
˿ۿɫֵúׯأô¡
ڳǳˣȴΪ֮塣


158 
һͷȻԶԶȲȭűϬȫ벻κ˼ͷϣȻڰ˵һģһ⵹ҲˣƫƫҪôĿ˵ȴҲһ¡
֪꣬˭Ȼô˵Ŀ¶⣺ĿӣҲи޶ȣ̫ʶֻɱһ𣻲꣬㲻һ޴ˣ£˵Ȼ˲졣
ź˭ĲҪ국˵Ҷ˭ȫûȤ
޴񣬲ۣ
һֻȶ𽣽һ쳣ĮȻĿȻУҼ֮ˣֻһˡҲֻһ֣ͬǡ
ˣ
ֳڣ˴Իһէֳ徣ư衣
Է״ǲȻŭҪַ֮ʱȴĽȻƽǰߣɭȻ֮ʵܣĳٶȾǳϵĿ죬ǱǻԤ֮и죡
ǻԤʧ׼ȴңгһڣһ⼱ɭȷӭڲ꽣֮ϣһַ˿ƾʥԪ߽ߵΪʵ龡ӵ쾡£˵˵á
Ȼ˫Ӵһ̣ǻȴǼʱɫ䣬ǺȻ֮⡪
ظоԼĽԼ֮һܣڽӴ꽣һ˲ȻϤʧ
ʧ
ǡԷȫɵת˶ԷԼΪֲǡԼʧȥܣȻȫҪתѾԷĹһٴ㺣һ㼱ۣ
ǻϾɫͻشһ㡭ԭ㡭
ȴǻѻ˵꣬곤Хһ𽣹âʢһС̫漴㻯˳ǧĹӰ
ϵ
һƬӰδ£һӰѾͽϡ
ųХ쳹ʣӰһĽ£֮һѤõĹն
ǧӰڿлγһɽӰɵԲ
һ̣޾Ľͬ豩һ㣬ȫ޼ϵķʽ佫ǿ˹Ĺ꽣ֵĻﻹ˵أֻ½мһ;
ǻǾþս֮ˣ֪ԼȫעȫأӦ˿ܼĹƣҪ˵˵ֻգһգ۾ĺԲһ£пЩ΢һѰ϶ҽʬ
ǰֵ̿ĻڡзÿһУÿһĹܣԾɻᱻԷȫ̽գתΪԼ
ϲ걾һƺƴһ㲻£
ԼʹʹǼܣԷ֮ܽ˳ܹȥȫͣ͡ٵתȫ̶ֻһ˲֮䡣
ǣת̾ȫҪʱ䡣
ⱾǾܣ÷飡
ߺֹ򣬸취ܹɶתΪãȻǳѵľεΪ죬ഫȴҲв٣ͨһͬȱݣǻɶҪ൱ʱޡ
Ҫ֪ÿеĹճɾ͵ĹǧʹͬһͬһֹʦֵܣΪ֮ʱ΢Ĳ𣬸οͬɣͬʦУͬͬĶ죬໯ɶܹܵӦʵսУ˵ӦʵսУɵЧǼ˾˵ģ
벽ս֮˳˹𺳣ȴҲӦ㣬ɶԷܵչ̼пܳͣټ֮⣬һ⵽ɣʩ߹Ϊ󽵵״ֻҪԼܹӵɣʤ֮Ʊἴʱת
ű˴ƵӴȴظоԼÿһֹǱԷߣңеֳܳһֽλ״Լγһױ޵Ĵ
ȵ׳ͿǾͽԼһ̡
ԷȡԼܣתɱԼ
ĵԪܾ˹¼䣬Ȼľ취ܹȫ޷ɵӪɱ֣
ٷΪȥʥԪƷȲΣԪԴԴϣ֮ߵĵزٲ赣νѷĽߵ⣬ǰ־ٱԵģȴһ㡣
ԼӳԽǿԷȡҲԽ࣬ԼϵĴӵԪϵܣԷвزϵߡ
Ȼ֮óΪһԼɱԼ

γ͵ĹУս˫ĳչܼײ䡣
˴ƴʱȻƵȴܼǻеĳ˼Ѿ˾״𽣣ȴǺδ
⻹ǲΪܹȡԷĹܣĽ
ҶЦϧ޸𽣣ƴĻֻҪһӣԷĽͻϵֻǻΪ촷ۣ


159 ˼
겢ûô
ַʽǶЧսģʽ
ϵߣϵµ߻ڳУһȥХ
ԱûгֵһʼԹ۳һУͻȻԺһѿڴһ꣬㡭㾹Ȼб㲻ֻʥԪƷΪ
УĻںζС¶ֲ
νԹ壬벽սĻȻ価·磬ȴΪԼ벽Ϊ൱Լ̤ʥԪƷ֮֮񣬾ǲȳʥԪƷ֮˿ԱģֻҪȥֻҪܹɣֻһзˣ㼴ʤ
ԹսһȻ֪ĵԪȴܵüƳݲȣĪ˵һʱ̣ٳõսȥܵҲֻԼֵܣؾñʧߴɣߣܹ˴ݲȣʤ֮ܣֻڽԼֵܲսʵոͻԭвΣҪԼֵһĶ֣ĥ󳹵ƿصǰܣ
ڵǰսΣʱ̻£Ψһ;ԼֵѾԶκв֮ΪȻҪԼֵ֮ϣſƿȫ֣ܹʱ˽սŸ
ȴһԲ´벽ͣ𽣸ǻӾ̣к˼䣬
ɢĵ㽣⣬ͺʷǣһڣȻ㲻ʧֱܹҫҲơ
벽սλһԼĻۺԼ״ȻԷʵΪҪʤԼһ֮ǰķ̲Ծʹ˸洵֪ãһңѿڶ꣬ⱰСˡ
ֻϧֻ˵ôһ仰žۡѱϵϴʮŽ
һĴۣ
ΪȷʵտнٽδҽʬܹԡѪһХ촽ƴػӶгͬʱƤһѸٹĿһ𽣵ٶ֮Ӿ磡
ֻžһ죬ǻеĳӦ۳
ֹ𽣽һչһѪɢУȴһ첲ǧٿס
ֻһ˲֮䣬ا䡣
һ״һҪ
漴ǰȻҪԼֵܡ
нһᣬȻסˣȵԶΪʤô
Ŀ⽹ҹȥ
˿ͣ転һ߼Ȼֳϼⳤ硣
˾ǽΪȫݹȣһɲϧս
нһͦӭϣ˿޾塣
Уеһӣһɨ漴һֱ̣й
˼ʵУ𽣵Ľ⻪ʣһӣİռʱ𣬾Ȼ⡣
һɨյĹ֮ɸɾϤһ֮С
ƵŲйͻһ̳һ̣ж˻ɪ޾
ƺʲôҪĶԼԶ𡭡
ˣֻ硭
𡭡곤ХһӴ˽ꡭ
ͬȻһ
Ľ⣬硭ǿƳ֮սǰأ
磬ƺһֹ̾
أĲţܵԼǰ𽣴Ŀ⣬ϵα仯¶ɫ
һͬһ𽣹⣬Ѿһ࣬
ɡ̾һԳɪ飬ȫսֵĻϲá
죬ƺҪ˵ʲôǲԸ˵Եأɾĳ齣ˡ
Ų齣ˣԭ⣬ͻȻ
֮ڼ
壬Ȼ˵ǹ⣬֮Уÿһ鼡⣬ÿһɢǵ⣬ڿҫһ֮ǰǹ⣬ǻҫĿ
Ψ䣬ˣ
ңңǹ⣬곤һ
һս֮࣬ʵȹ˵ǰ磬һЩʲôǰû뵽ûзľ硭
ǿףȷʵûòоʲô⣻һսսڲԣ֮֮ڵĽΪǡɸղһս֮кĳ޷ӣȴò꿴Լ;ǰ·
ûκһΣС˼䡯˵ʩչǸԼô𺳣
ԭˣ


160 ƺɽ
곤ĸ֡
ԭ𽣣𽣷񹦡˵ķɡڹټԴ֮£ѾʥԪƷһȳսǰǿգʹ𡭡ǵ߲Σǲģ˼𡭡
ڵһֻ˵ǿ𣬾˼ĵ·ҪߡĿԴﵽٷңɼ
룺ұ롭ŬһЩմﵽ˼һ׶ΣµһУһ̫ңԶ
ڲ˼֮ʣǱȴ춯صһŭ
϶
ۼֵ𣬷ǣȫʬʱ˺ѷΰһҺ۾Ѫ죬۽ǶѱѣѪ
״ȻֻǴſǵĹâƺԼܵЦòǰ
ܵܣ
ٴοһеǹȴѾʼϨ𣬽
ѤֻƬ̣վѵ㣡
Ҫ
ǻĳȥӵǿŵǹ⣬ֻǵȥʱ򣬿еǿѾϤʧϣûаѪ
ǿձ֮Уۺ˲ȫܣڴ˺֮£ǻˮûҪףȫޣβ˼䡣
һۼֵܲʶ׵ʧǣ˴һ
ĵܴܵ˼Ѿ˼𡣡ֽɫĮʵڲõҾ鷳ģ֪Ҫɱˣʱ򣬾ͱҪ뵽ҪɱˣͬҪɱǣֻں˭ȭͷӲ
ξʵĲȭͷӲǰ״ðǾ׵ĳͷ
ǵ˼𣬱ҪĴۣ
꣡
Ŀⶸת׺ݣһתͷֱĿҶ
ЦЦ֪ڸֵܴټ֮գʧķһĳ״Ҳ㡣ʵĶܣԸ֮룬ҵа취ֵܶˣ¾ס
е嶸Ȼһɢ׷ʵʲô취˵ʲô취
ܼ򵥰Ȼ˼ѳɶֵ֣ܻȪ׻Ǻ׵ġֻҪҲ˼䣬Ȼܹٶžˡ
ĿһϣĹȫȻɢȥݺݵضŲ꣬ͻЦһ˵úãǾͰֵž۰ɣ
˵ճֺ뽣һƬΡɽ
ǻֺĽ⣬ƺˣȫڻһƬɽ֮УƮ죬ƺ޻ֺ룬߲ʣȴ˵ķʽݺݵҽꡣ
һߵнأղȫԸǻ˵۵ò᣻ɲ꣬ӵؼԽܵɱԷʵΪԶѷԷֻһᣬǶԷͻΧδɱнΪһȣн㲻൱̶ȵǱⲻ˵ġ
˿̣էȻͻȻֵĽɽнйâȻһһȻӽеԭǣ֪ʲôˡ
ҶЦ˭𣿡
ƺɽнԭǱƺɽֵܡ
ҶЦԵͷ૵ԭֵܡ
ҶЦԵٺ쳾죬ʱ̲ʶʱǽиְ񵥣Ϥ˼ʵнһԾѣȻȻӢеֵܡ
ƺɽ
ֵһƺһɽ
ƺᶣأɽէֺ֣˼䡣
ڶϮǸˣֻ¾ɽˡ
ֻϧǰƺ֣δصļлչ־ͱնɱˡ
Ҽǵ˳簡ǽоսҶЦ
ǵģֵҳ֮ǰѾ޽ֵȣˮֵܿɾȫˡнЩû뵽ξ󡣡
ҶЦЦЦǼ֮Ƴ簡Ǵеĸ߶ȰɣһɽֹĴڣ
нЦЦɽ֮ۡ
ôڿԼѾνɽ֮ѾԶν۷ǰָɵʱĵסһʲôĸоҶЦ΢ЦĿн
϶Ǻˬн˸ž⣺ԭҲﵽĸ߶ȣ;ȻŬǰУҲԵٶ壬Ƿ켫ϲ¥
ҶЦЦԵÿο֮
Ȼһߵ﹫ӣѾɫҰף졣


161 ȥ
﹫Ҳ󲻵ԼʮʮһʧսȻ䵽ǰ㣬ȫûĽ֡
ǵģǽȫûˣ˶ܹóɽڲĴ֮£δڽںˣ֮ǰصɽѾƳĵǹΧ
ʹλֺĸɽһ󣬼Щվ⸲վ֣
һ֮ǰƺһ㣬ʧֽܾ
סݽԣƺɽֵҵˡн˵
ҵķӦδйٶۣѵ㾹ʼû﹫Դˣʲôطܹ̳﹫˹ֵңҶЦƮƮʵ
˵ǣ̫ٶˡнԴЩ˼Цˡ漴֣˵ףȴѰɱȡ
ţҶЦųеսĵӦ
ңɼ壻ɷ裬ѾǵǷ켫ǻⷽأõսȻԶԶ㲻öһ壬ȴܹ巽ۻ˽йϵ
нЩĵĿҶЦ֪Ҫδ﹫ӣ
ҶЦЦЦȻתͷ﹫һۣ漴Ҳʲô壬壬ֻҪҪǾΪУҪɱǵˡҪ˵ֻһʲôˡ۵ĶӣҲһҪģ
ҶЦһٲֵнҪΪһǿߡҪһ㣬ǰͷ۷嶨λ̫ͣ۹ޣҲ㣬ѾҾ۽绹ôͣǿɾˣ
нҶЦĻʱ̲ס죺Ҵǰ۹ͣȷʵ⣬Ѿʵ֤˵ʵǣ˵ʲô۵ĶҲһƣ⡭̫̫ɶ˰ɣ
ĳ˵̵ָܽ㡣
ҶЦʵν۷塭ֻҪûǿߴҲ͹ˣ䣬ˡҡ֮⣬ûǿߣֻңǿģ
ҶЦȻڡҡǿģδұȻǿ
ʲô˵棬ۣ۷ֵȵȡԲڡҡϣ
ǵȽ׶֮Ҫеǿ֮ġԴΪдյ㣬ǿ֮ģǿ֮·
ҶЦ;Уÿһ׶֮֮ģͬĳһ׶Σ㵱ǰʶ㶼µĿ꣬׷ϵĶ󡭡ǣǸ׶εǿ֮ġ
ڵϸ߽׶εȴҪĿһУĿӡ
ҶЦʥΪǵ˵׶εķˮ롣
н˼򣬳Ƭ̣̽ʵǡʿף⾳֮ϣǷҪµľ磬Ҫµ֮Ӧȫ¾磿
ҶЦĿȻеģҲģ;ģĵһ׶Σ;Ǹ׶Σ
нһ˵Ȼȴһȵζ
µľ硣
Ҫµ֮ģǿ֮Ӧ
Ҷˣ
ǿһαըǺ쵵崣
ɫ׶תΪ԰ףȴӯһ˷ܵζ
ſл˸ǵعһ
иɽֹĴڣ߲ʵĶ塭ллԼǰļޣԭΣյΡֻһ·̣һһ·ߣֵܻȪף;¡
ڻֺɽֵһ̣ҲˡԼԵĵ˭
ʵǺܶݣǺܼġ
Ϊƺɽ֮ʱΪңɼ롣
λ飬ɺɿգԼȻǷ켫֮ϣ
һ˲䣬ظоԼľµ

ҶЦȻתһº͵ؿ﹫ӣʵ䣬ʲô˵񻰣νĴ˵νĴνһ񻰣ֻǰгһԽĿꡭ﹫ӣ˵ö𣿡
﹫תͷ״ؿҶЦǿһʷǰľޡ
սԼս֮ʱʤ˼ҷѾʤĳҶЦ˵ȴ֪﹫㡭ǷҪֽһꣿ
ҶЦͰ崺磬֮ȴǼɭȻԼ֮ʱصɲʤؼص˫ݣ֮ǰƺڲеʱⳡľ﹫һѾˣֻɽҲǵˣѡսʤҲãս֮󣬶øԼ﹫Ҳͬ
ҶЦ˼ʳȴֺڽ﹫ȥĻʹº֮죿


162 
﹫ӿεϣ˼ľһƬ԰ף˵ҶЦڿֲħһ㣬ͻȻֺһ૵ⲻġⲻġȺ˵ʵôô̵ʱô࡭ⲻܡܡ
ǿƺɽƺɽĴ桭
˼ûʲôǲܵġҶЦ˵ͬ㿴ģãǲܣǸоֻһȻĽ
ҪȻôôӮ
ҶЦ΢Ц﹫ӣȻ贸ȻѾûжˣʱ䲻ˣ
﹫ǻ֣̿£ģȴʲôͻȻھһ㣬ֻоһȻð
ϣκ˶ԽѵңΨҶЦУ
ѵҵˣҶЦ
ƲסĻȻתһ֧ͨ簵ĶУһ֮࣬Ƕϵʱһ΢죬ͻȻָҶЦǵͨ죬еҶЦ֮ǰ˵սǶս峡ǹȻĳⳡľҷˣȨҪսһ֣֮䣬һ
ҶЦ۾ЦŶ﹫Ӵụ֪́ǷȴҪ翹Ҫһ·ˣ﹫ӳ˺ܻᴵ֮⣬ѧ棬˵ҲһλţҪ﹫ӵ＼Ϊʤ
﹫ӴŭҶЦȾӸµ㲻ңӲѵңΪ˭ޣ
ҶЦǺЦĶŵ﹫̲סڳôֻҵ⣬ҵϧϧһս֮ϱһôˣӲ֪ж̹＼֮ˣҹλأεȻ̾첻ţţţ
﹫ŭϳ壬߳ʶһó°ڣҶЦҷȻ˾԰ֵˣӷŶԣ߱𣿡
ҶЦ³˵УΪ϶ǲŵģϿɣҲǲϳϵģȻˣʵ˵ʵȻһ̣񲻱һ˵ʶ޿ɱ粵ô
﹫Ӻݺݵͷȵã¼£
ĿĹˣҶЦ֣ȴҲûеڶˣֻԼȻһžˣ﹫жȻһ£Ҳ֪Ϊʲôӿǰ飬ЦҶЦʹҶһȴкξ壿
ҶЦº͵˵˿̵顣ҲԼΪԼ׳ͼûʲôʵǴĸǴǧĽȻֻˣ˶ѡ
֮Σ㶼һӵֶԾҫ
֣̤뱾ؽһ̣Ѿ̤˹Źأ
ҶЦĶŵһ֣﹫ӣੲݣҿ㴵ı£Ϲ򣿰⻰ҵĲǣ＼ϹضϹ򣬸ϽİɣеȲˣ

еľ֣ȫԼҿ˲֡ʵȳڳ˵Ĺ򶺵ùЦ
ȳ壬˵Ǻ¶ǵɶȿȣֻҪ˾ö
ҶЦݵõΣеıһΣ﹫ŭһ
δ﹫ӵ＼ҶĳʤңҪһˣȴ֪ǸȻʧҶЦʼռȻЦ⣬һһоеȡ
﹫һͻȻƯǹܰɫĶߣһʵĶ֣Զͬ⴫
﹫ڿвƮƮȥƺжһΪĹ켣Ȼһֱڵ͵ϸϸȴһޣõ΢п
ˣƺԼͯ꣬ԼãԼȥȴֶٴгֵĸĸѡ
ʣƺ˵ԹԽ޷Ա޾ǻ
ߣͬʱȦ˼ǲĺˡ
ҶЦ﹫ӵͬʱȴһΥĻ渡ĺ
֣˴򣬱׷ҧԼ˪ƼݵСѾͷŬ棬Ѷա
öѩ֮գС˼һӵȡůȴԾɪɪһգԼȣѾͷһһԼΪԼ顭
÷ɢԼԵʻʦѧգ̤Ͼ֮·
һ·߹ٴڹĴ


163 Ϊʲô
ٵύѣˣһһ御һֱһֱѶԼȥղУԱɢ
ƺĹọ֮́Уһ֡
ʹҶЦΪ˵ľǲȻ̾Ϣ
£ԭΪȴ估ʵȴؿһͻ糱޾
֮ں½ػһദӣҹദӣи޼ɡദӣʵ۹£ԼһľҶ죬ĸ¹ѩ̫̫Ӱﲻ
ҶЦĵͻȻûӿֳһʹ
ĸס
ǻ
ȻȻ
Ծмǹǡ
ʹǲҪˡұǸҸǴûҪҡ
ңʼǸĸ岻ĺӣ
ҶЦУһɿǰŰڡ
Ȼһ̣﹫ӵ֮Уƺ˼ɱ˼Թ
ҶЦ񲻶Ծھ
ٹƬ̣ɽתΪ
һ̣ͬƺܹظо޿
䣬Ŀɶ˵İն˻ţʲô˼
ﲻҪңҲҪҡ
һŻʲô˼
κ壿
﹫һ߲ŲͬķλһߴӶдһ㾧ӨĹâתһ־֮磬ҶЦű㼴ʧ·ȫвԡ
ȻУȴԳԹϴ˼ʾʼðѪ˿Ǳݹޣά裬ôԴܳȥıνߵĴɣ﹫ȴȫȻĲܲˣһζִȥ
ҽȴҲҪҶЦһ·
ûܹ﹫жҶЦ޵ȥ̶ֳȡȴֲһε裡
бԵ
һ뵽Ե﹫и¶һļ
һƭӣƾʲôӵôࣿ
㲻һˣȵݸ߹󣬲Ż磬壿
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
﹫ӵ֮Уɱ֮ԽԽأȻڳ˾֮Уһ˲ҶЦ˿̵Σ
Ϊ粽꣬нҲ⣡
ϵɱΡ
Ķؼ
ػȥȥȥǶĸ﹫ڲͣź
ٷ;һܹӵ˳ǰ·һ˲Ǿ裬ʹĥ£ʧܣֻҪĿĵĲʹѣ䣬ͱȻܹ룬׿Ŀ֮һǸʱĿ걾ӵٸߵΪҲûã
ľҪ
ƿĿĸ²Ϊ
ϣ̣
εУ֮⣬ʵ
ô߱츳ĺᣬ츳ݹǧԽ˿ɱȡҲΨ㣬ϣⲿȫɣﵽޣ¡
гϸʼ﹫вͣ졣
﹫ӵ
һ̵ѳƻĿòˣֱһͷħȻһͷħȴ㵹֮֮ȴΪ࡭
ҪҪ
﹫к޺޵ţҪҪҪ
ԽԽȴԽԽ޷ܣԽԽɵĽ
ɫɢݳ˲԰ɵͬʱǵľӨâתŴ֮зɳҶЦ޾
ΣмƲУֻŴ϶ɱ֮
ȥɣ
﹫Ӻݺݵһҧλת˱֮
Ϊ֮ɱ
νΣĿ֮ĺеиļԹ״̬Ȫ·򿪣Լ߽ȥ

䣬ʹܲ
﹫Ӿ״طһ£Ȼ󣬱֮ʹȻֹ
漴﹫һѪ˳Ȼɡ
ӿȪһѪϵĴ﹫ӵĿȴƺֻ۾ǲŵҶЦΪʲôΪʲôܰѣ¼û˿԰޼䣡ûУûУΪʲôΪʲô
׷ţеҪ֪𰸡
﹫ˣѾ


164 һ
ΪղѾ֮ൽɥʱ̣תͷȥҶЦı飬һ㵽׶ΣĿ֮ΪԾǶ߳ģʱҲóֳ˻ϣʱ״̬
ҶЦݵʱ򣬾ȵķ֣ʹ˵Ķϳ֮УҶЦһֱյ˫ۣǸӦԼעӣ͵Ŀвްʹ˻֮룬ΨһƬγԼ΢΢һЦ
Ц֮У˳ͷβĳ
ǿһСŪѵǴ֮õıӼա
εĺαȪɱټҪ֮ش츳ΪԼɷȱһɣҾɹ࣬ҲҪԼȫ룬ÿһԪ꣬࣬ǵС
﹫Ӵ˼ȻⷢԼصĿﾹȫӰ죬һңȪ֮ʱΪ̣ʹжϣɾʹ˷ɣԼ񷴶شǼȫȻ
ⳡ׵ɱ֮־ʹĻ
⵽Ϊʲô﹫ʧǵصҶЦ
ȻǲףΪʲôҺųƿԿ˵ϣҶЦȻã
ǰɡȥˣȫȥˣȷʵǺܺãܹһҵĹһСҶЦЦţȻİ벿ȴ֮֮
ⲿ֮Աˣʮ֮˾ţ㶼ɹˡҶЦ¶һĨֵɫΨҲУΪѾһΡ
֮ǰĿŻѾһΣߵ壬ΪЩҶ
ԣЧ
ҶЦ˶ΣЩεֵ㽫ɱĿͶעϣһģν֮Ȼ鴫
ѾһΣ﹫ãȻظһ䣬Ȼ仰ʲô˼ȻҲͲҶЦε
һˣһˣôԡһΡ
ţݣֻʲôġ⡰һΡָʵʩأ
Σ۵սˡҶЦӶȻƮ𣬼ٿһָ﹫ǰԣҵˣ
һܶ﹫ӣƮȻãްϢ
ŴˣֹϢ˵γѡ
ʤˡ
峡ƴǰĳﶼףʵѹǲ꣬һжȺɱΪʤԼʥԪ߽ߡΨһȴ׹Уȫ׷ʲô顭
ƽ׹Уֻһݴʣ׹Уȴʵʵġ׹СϤĪѻߣ߻ѣ﹫Ӵһȥ߳ʱս۽ˡ
ǿ׵ĳ֣һʤ﹫ӷǵûз㷴ӦСôһָͷ㵹ڵأȻ˱ˣһ׸⡭
ôһ£һսôأ
ҷ׷ѯ˽ȴʼûκ׵ôһ¡
û˽۵֮˽ҶЦľڳˣЦֻ¾Ҫһͷ
Υĳʲôԣô浽ΣͷѵԹۣ˵ˣʹΪǳв򣬾뵱շ֮ܵʱңԶȴҲСܱ֮ܺģ
⣬һҲǿȷģղŵĳ֮ս˶һ۽硣и
\ɷ֮ӪʤнľּߵУвĽз
ʹΪ㣬ǿ֮ʱԾþܹõİ취Ӫƣʤǿʤ\ɷ֮˵ġ
ʵ㹻ģȴͬʱаɳ֮нҵ
Ĳ꣬ļڴҶеߣֻܹ߼߼ǣãһŶۡ
֮˵϶Գһ˼ɫ
нߴ٣ҶһҴҸϻȥ飬еڳ˼еǱеĸɴ౧Լıڤ˼롭
н벽Ϊ֮ˣ˴໥һۣЦЦ
һս˵Ĵ൱Ĵ󰡡
н˵
ǵȻЩڴ֮ǰûмʶߵȼʥλ֮սд˻ԵȻ򼫶ġǹʵչ¶һЩ㹻ܶˡ
ЦЦ˵۱ȽϳϵĵطҲǺɷǼһп֮ս


165 
нһȻɷǼһյıȷʵǰһֻҿƴƷΣսգϸڵԼȷԤУȴ̾ΪֹƽĶۣλ֮Ҿδٵǰģ
ͷɷıȷʵƾޣұǳӹɣҸķǿ﹫֮һսɱս
нʱȤʢѵ㾹˴սĸ
̾ûС
û˵ëߡнΪ֮ᡣ˵ɷµģΪɶˣû뵽ȻҲǸԼһһͷˮϹھΪ
ֹûп﹫ĹУڵֻ¶ƵĻ֮УǿһﾪƴǾֻҪԸͷɫ֮̾
нɫ䣺ԭ״ҲǣһΪֻ֮Уؾȫ
Ҳôȣ﹫ӽȫ񶼷ڿϣľֻЧȻԣҲδȫ޾ֻʶĲĴ˹ɣΣȻѣУɱΣǿһˣֻǿױ̣﹫ӵ˴ۣңһܹ϶һ㡣
˵ǿ˵֮ЧΪһΣҵǾãȻ
нͷͬУҲôá
˶һۣԻĵĺٺһЦ
˲µòҶЦܹ֮ϮţȷǲֹΪһô򵥡û֪ҶЦĵܹֵز
ҶЦӵСһΡľ֮⣬޾ռ䣬оŴռ䣬ӵжкųƹŽһ񹦵񹦡
ʹΪǳĳۣȴڱ˽׹ƻ󣬷ǻ֮ϡ£
֮Իɵǰ̬ƣֲҶЦ̫ˣͲ﹫Ӷ֣˶ѡȻ﹫ҲȷʵҶЦĶ֡
ԽˣҶЦԽö
ܹһ˳ܺöӣöԷԼˡ
ǵöô
ĳĳС˵ˣ˧뷨ģ

˺ˣô˵Ҳľˣ㲻ΪԼϯ벻ҪôײеĿⶢҿҶЦǰίٵ﹫ӣԾӵĺüĿʵǺܵµ֪ô
ˣޣ˭֪ʩʲô˼ҶЦ㲻ڹԣ֪ڶ쳾ĪУ磬ⷽ㶵һԸ׵ĸ㣬ں޲ʳ֮⣬֮ƤϵõʲôɴǷİɣ﹫ӺݺݵصҶЦ
ҶЦЦЦ˵﹫ӣ֮Ĺڴ־ô࣬ıܹɣǬǬļ۸΢ЩҲôҰɣʼ벻ף㵽Ϊʲôңܸиɰɣ
˵ҶЦ﹫ӾƣҶЦſں˵ռ﹫ӱˣղ﹫ӵȷΪطɣҲȥ˱ԵҶЦδʱԮ֣﹫ȷǱɵġ
֮Ҳ֮أ﹫ܹȻܿɹ󣬵ĹУȴҪȫ꣬ȫΪȫԪϤעУ˵Ա֮һȪ֮֡
ǶԵУֻƽϰһ飬﹫ºҲھ죬ָܻԪԵ֮ʣĸʮƣͷã
˴һ֮У﹫ӽ֮߳׶֮ʱⷢɱ֮оҶЦûκãʧһ˲¹ɣµĺ
ҶЦ־Ļ﹫御ϣʶݣԲУ˵ɥ֮⣬Ҫٲ
Ϊĵϵˣ﹫ȻģͬʱҲҶЦԵľ֮˵
ԽˣĲ
УɲзϡҲԸⱻҶЦȣݾ֮
ҶЦֵԽ㣬﹫¶ĺȴŨ
Īķŭ͸ͼ塣
Һ㣿﹫ſĴЦ㲻һƭӣΪʲôҪ㣿ʲôʸҺ㣿
ո˵֪֮ҶЦ֣ȴֶ֪һ̶ҶЦ
Զ׼ֻҪŭҶЦһһҵľ
Ψӱܵľ
ҶЦͬϸĻʯһ㣬ûгֳκεϲŭֱ飬ΨĿ﹫ӣǼƽ༿ʵ̫ǳˣЩʱʵҲǼ׵飬ҵĽ֮ҿԳŵҪǲǶ϶˵ģ
У˵һΣҾֻǺܺ棬ΪҪôңֻҪһ˵Ȼһʹ죬Σ
뼤ŭҡǺǣһʲôʸŭң


166 ķ
﹫һЦƺΪһ㣻ԹĿҶЦܺ棿֪ƫ㣡С˸ʹ죬ڿ˿ǲɵ񣬾ʹúˣ
ҶЦĮĵͷ˵ھͺʹôðɣ﹫ӣϣȱĺúӣӢжֻأûоʵ֤ʵ֮ǰȴ˭Ҳ֪һ˲Ӣۺú
ЩҪʵ֤ʵֶΣһ˵ǱȽϲпᡣҶЦƽĽ͡
﹫ȴʱҧ̧ͷҶЦҶЦѵҪ̱ƹ
ҶЦ֮Ц﹫ӻǴˣҸ֪⣬Ҿ֪﹫ǣ϶ܲ³Ҫ̱ƹġ
﹫ǵͨ죬ŭһҡ̱ƹֶΣҶЦȻǱСˣ
ҶЦ﹫еıСˣҲܵЩоѸ˵һĺϲ̾ĥӢۺúء
ǡ﹫ӢۺúѶһʹ죡ҶЦٺһЦ
﹫ɫ԰ףɫ󣺡ң
ǵģҸңĸҡҶЦһЦͷ϶ĻӦ
﹫ӵʱΪ֮
ҶЦ̫ʦվ﹫Ӹǰ侲㶨﹫ӣϣһЩа񣬺ܴܹ˵ĳЩʹࣻɷϵǣֶѶȷʵЧġ
ǣЩԷ˵ĻЩԱ֮Ϊܵ飬ʹ֮˵Ȳ˵Щֶ˺ܲʹģ
Ҫ֪ʹֲ࣬ʹ죬ĺܿ¡ٷ˵嶼ȳƵģһʲô㶫ʹͬģǶʲôҲʹ
ҶЦ﹫ӾҶĳɲ꣬һԾ˵ָͷ㶫ζȻ쳣ˬԵġ﹫°ĳһλʲôֻҲˬ
ҶЦ΢Цţ﹫Ӽʶ㣬᲻ҵ˼߱˵֪ҪһǺͬϿַʽǲǣ
﹫ɫǲ԰ֽĿи֮ɫ֣ȻǱҶЦ֮ﺳ֮ǰ飬޷˵ȫֻʣһɫı
ǺǣΪ˲ø߹﹫ӵȴ̫ãǾʽʼʻȻǰһЩıֶΣܸͻ﹫ӵӢۺúǣ﹫ӵܹһ·֧ȥоչֶεأҾˣʹˣˬˣ﹫Ҳʹˣ
ҶЦʩʩȻվü˵ʼǼٰʽͿʼšȴ￪ʼأǾ֮ǰԵ˳ȴֿʼˡֵţ϶µһ飬һηЧͼӰ֮⣬ܶλζҲܱƻ﹫ӴǵԴȻѾһˣΪֹûܹ֧ŵز룬﹫ӵǣ϶ԵһԲа׳գܼάְҼ֤νĹ࣡
ҶЦȻһ죬ջûһسʮ֧˸ϸϸ룬δ涯֣ȴǴĿġ
﹫һۿȴеʱһͻϸϸϣƺһֺںɫʡѵʹöµѪ⣿ֻ£ֻѾ֪ĥιˡ
ѵ˵ľģ롭ҶЦһ׹̾ߣ
±¡Ҷ֮ʱʹ϶һġҶЦϸİοֻҪһҲ͹ȥˡֻҪ̹ȥɾӢۣǴǧӢۣ㿰հģһὫȼȥ˶֪һεĺú
һľһ繫˲ţߣֲһѡҶȫ
ҶЦ˹ǧסеģҲûϵֽŽżٿԲʮΣ϶ϰߵģȵϰҲǵʹǿʼʹ࣬Ͼʹͨǧţıؾ;ˡ
ţ
źںɫʵĴսԼսԼ޳ָ﹫ֻоëȻɳɤӴֹ
һڽѾسԺֹҶЦͣܺĿ﹫ӣҪôɣֻҪɾͺã۹һ£ôɾ½ˡ
﹫ӴڴڵشŴͷϻƶһС亹£ɳƵ˵Ҫ֪ʲôֶΣҪ֪ɻô


167 Ѷƹ
ҶЦڸҪ֪㵽ûôӲĹͷ﹫ӢۺúģҰ棬ֻҪǸ棬ҾͻÿĪ
ҶЦ﹫Ъ˹Ľ㻹ҪҵʲôʱĿѾﵽˣʰɣֻҪ֪ģȻϤ棡
ҶЦһ˿Цִߣ﹫ӣʶʱʹͷûˣ֪ôƪ۵˵Ǻ۵ģ
˵ָȻһһö뼴ʱݺݵ﹫ӵһָ֮С

﹫һҽУŤ
νʮָģֱָģʹǵУ﹫֮֮ܵ࣬˼ȫԤϵȻ̣ȫ׼ʹֻޣܳܣ
ҶЦ۾ǳĶԺεıĿ˵ؾôһ֮ʹҲܲ𣬻ҪеôţǻǰƼӢۣЦ
һתһ̫ʦ漴ָ߸˶ȣԳ¸µİ˵ϸϸҵ⣻ʵڶ飬ζ㽫ٶᵽղŵˬУ֪˵ʵٻô﹫ӣȻ㼴ʱĿڣֽŽҪһƷһˬ
﹫ӲжɣǾ仰ǰҲһˣҶЦתΪƽȻеɭȻ֮ࡣ
﹫һ˿Ŀ־壬һָоԼԵģԲһʲôˣֻһƭӣһԻĹŵĶħ
ҶЦĿע֮£һֵսľĸоһַĵëȻ޴ӿܡ
˼ʵȻתжֱ磬ȴԼָ˵붼ȥγΪ־壬ΨΪһ㶯ʹ
ѾٸȷҶЦǴԼ֪鱨ֻŪԼ
ֻѡӱܣرжϣ
һ⣬ĳУļ壬еϡҶЦ﹫ӡ
ҡڼеǡڶʮߴˡױΪ츳гس谮иԴкɾͣʼе£̻ϴ˱ϲ֮£巽֮ĻҲΪ֮㵹
﹫ӵİһ̱ȫ룬ڻеһĻشҶЦ⣬ĵϸԼ뿪֮ľһ
ҶЦĿйâһûо﹫ӳѶʣ֪﹫ֻǲŸ֮صĻ⣬γ淴֮ģƽ
ҶЦ֦ҵܲҶЦĵص㡣
ΪʲôңҶЦʵ
Ϊһδϣ﹫ӵԳԥ֮ɫ漴ּŤһɷĵķߺޣǰӿЪ˹ķһҶЦɱҰɣ
ǾʹԸ
ҶЦһӻȰһѾ﹫ǰһ֣ʡꡱһ֮࣬﹫Ӱڶȴִָʼһ·쵽С۴Ȼ飡
﹫Ӵ˼ʵİ˲ĸо쳣񣬳ʡ
ҶЦԲ֣ͣһֻļߣһһڹͷһ·ȥһֱ˼λãͣ˶
﹫Ӵ˼ʹȥһιȥűʹѣιȥѣܶʼѭֻҪһ۾ľֻҶЦűһ˿Ĳûеס
ҪĥңŹҡ﹫ӲҺţš
ҶЦƺûһ޶Եģһľ׵һǽ׵ֱӸˣ﹫ǰһڣڡô
﹫ӵԸעҪյģһ̣һŵҩڣһ˳£﹫ӱ㼴Լת֮Լû䡭
ţŵҩͽԼУһܼעҩƸȫ
Ƭ֮䣬Ч֣﹫Ӿȵط֣Լԭ÷Ĺͷڿٵĸԭ
ǲʱ徹ȻѾѪ
ȻղǷݼʹĸоԾɲ棬ȷʵѾȫָˡ
ʲô鵤ҩȻЧ˹УҩҶЦΪʲôҪԼʹã
﹫Ӿδɻ󲻽ݣҶЦٶһ˿䣬ô
ǹһϸòƻ˵﹫ӿڽѣʹ񾭵ĲûȫȥãȻصͷ
ȻеǾһΣǡҶЦ˵ţһֲס﹫Ӹոոԭָͷһһν֮÷顭
﹫ӵĲҽУٶء


168 
ҪҪҪҰɣҪŪˣҪĵá
ֻǲ﹫ôģôŵ䷢˵ʵҶЦɫһ·ȥ
﹫Ӳҽеˣ޲кëëȻɫ԰ס׷׸棬﹫ӵܵʲôӲ˵Ŀ̣ܹȼ߿һʱĲҽУ˵ĵӰֱͻʣ޷㣡
ҶЦվ﹫ǰһηһλָõ﹫ӣɫǰȻ
Էڱ۾ҽݼŤ֮£ѾԭǷӿһԵĶζ֮С
ȵʹ﹫ǰʧʹܵǷʹʧ˺þã﹫ȴڳɤӲҺأԳǵһʹ֮Уȫ޷԰Ρ
ҶЦع﹫ӵ״ĵصȴš
ȴ﹫»ָǣٶ۾־ĿԼҶЦʵˬôҪҪһΣٻζһѣҿЧͣ
Ҫˡ﹫ӻڲĿⶢҶЦľǱͿ־壺㡭Ҫɶ˵ȫ˵һ˵ҡ
ҶЦ΢ЦԣĻõô£СӾǼһͷԣͲԹԾͷ
Ҽļ﹫ӵͷ絷⣬Ͼֺõ顣
һ̣ʲôȣʲôʣʲôţʲôϣȫ֮ԺΨһģǡղʹ࣬ǧҪһˡ
ǰˣһ۲۵Ķħ
ǰνǣνǿνһеһоһЦ
ţΪʲôңԴڣҶЦϾʵ
վţº͵﹫ӣͬڹֿ
﹫ӽӴº͵ȴЫһĲɳɤ˵ǡΪŵŮˡϲ㡭ֻϲһˡ㲻ޡ
ҶЦ嶸Ȼһ¡һ̣ҶЦҪˡ
仰ҶЦɵоֱױȵġ
ҶЦжȻһĹʣһֵĳʵǸŮˣ˭
ĪҶЦԳ㣬ʵȴƽ
ǸŮ˻˭ǾӦ
ʱһֱͷȴֿѹµ޾̹˼һֱѹֵŨŨ⣬ѳͷĺӿֹϢ
һ˲䣬ҶЦ龹ԵЩ㱡
ǡչ﹫һϣҹ¹
ҹ£ҶЦ¸ֻ㱣ǰȻ˼˾ΥٻӰǷݻÿɰǷݳ齿ٱʱĲۡǽᷢһˮơ
°
ҶЦһУľ˼
ҲǾӦǾΥҹ£Ѷ
ʵһ㣬Ѷ֮УҶЦں쳾֪Դҹλʦλ䣬Ǻ쳾춫۵£ʹʱףʱתΪرҶЦԾ޷жϳλһΪȥһʲô硣
صĹƣҪ֮һƣȴҶЦΪֹں쳾Ϊ֮ˣôλļ۱˵ļڿˣ
ҹλλξܴ׿ڳŵ²ˣۺҹ¸õӵеݵλԼǷݾˣ㵹﹫ӷһȻ֮У֮ڵ飡
ڣ﹫ӱֻǵĵ˼׵ʸûУֻԲλķݣ
˶ѣ
﹫ʹ״һȴһĵĸоȻ
ġ
ʹ飬Ī﹫㡣
еܣֻܶԼ޵˵ְ档
֮ٺް취
ʵ﹫δ֪νƣԼԸݣԼҹ¶ԣҲһɫˣȫ޷ԣνһƬҲͲҪƾ޹Դƽƣȴܱһָ
ڶҶЦĺ⣬ȴǻ֪ΪҶЦһ½СϺףȴΪŮģһ֮ʱԼô˵ҲҹӣңǲжŹӣԭȴһ½Сӱȥİ
˵˵ôʶģҶЦһ㿴﹫ϣĮ˵ǧҪ˵ʲôżʦǶ۵ˡ
λ䣡
ҶЦ૵֡
﹫Ȼһ
ҶЦؾȻ֪
òƲϺ߼Ȼ֪ԼΪʲôӦûҹС㣬ȴ֪ҹСʦУ˵ͨ
ҶЦʲô


169 ҹ
֮ǰһֱֻҶЦݵӣƽƽô
ͷǬδ˼ϡ𣬿ڼʱͶЧʵһ˸޷޷ĸ߶ȣСղԼҩԼղطܷɣǿɲǵԪ߽׵ı֮ˡ
ԼղŻظǵʱ򣬷㣬Ѫ״̬ܹҽƵֶΣϲҽ֮ǰΪɢû棬ֻҽһЩС˱㴵ñڿҶЦӵҽ裬ղŪԼ֮ʱȸиԼֽԼָ֤
ߣ޸Լҩ鵤ǷƷҶЦȴһٶʹãֱʾĴ֮ҶˣֻҲδõ
ôҶЦֻԺ½ĵͼλô
ǴĿ֪ν½ҶЦҶЦƵʵ
ǡ﹫ٲҳɣѸٻش
˵ѣҶЦһ۾ɭȻȡ
﹫ɲǼ겻壬ֱӾ˳ǡǡͨһŮǴŮе֪ġҶЦҹСˡ
ҶЦ۾ע﹫ӡ
﹫ŵû亹ֱðϥԽԽ䣬ͨһҡû˵ٻ
ҶЦһ

֮ǰ죬ܵϲ㻶ӭּ֮ǰȥʹԵʻչҹС֮˴Ӵ˱㳣פͷ﹫ʹ˵š
һ̣﹫Ӷʹ࣬ް㻨١
κˣԼȫĵб̹Լ˵İĽҪʹĪ
﹫ӸоԼ磬һȫ̮޵θ档
ҶЦײ׽﹫ӵ񲨶ȫȷ˵ġ
һǺ׵ڡ
﹫һļУʶҹ£﹫һģӴ˶չҵ׷󡭡˶˿ԴɫֱӾûˣҶЦҹµ˽⣬࣡
֪ҶЦĴһЩǵͨؽŮŵõһϢҹ¾δģ
ʵǱŮСѾͷ˵ʱһ˳ʱʱġ
Ȼ﹫ӶԣԼĺռ߶֮˵ҶЦʱ﹫ӵһʱ룬ȴͬͷһ
ҶЦ
˵ʲô뵽ԼȻڶʹԼҧгݵ֣
ҹ£ҹӣȻҶЦδޣ
﹫ӸоԼͬͼһ㡣
ⲻϡ£ҹǱҶЦ֮۵ģ
ŭ֮࣬˼׳䶫֮жҹ̵ظ˻
Ůṩ鱨ҹڲ֪ҶЦѾ˺쳾᰸޽ҳǽҵȻˣֻҪԼ֪ظɵһкۼȻͿԷĴ󵨵
һ겻оʮꣻʮ겻ɰҲԵȡ
׻˵Ů²ɣҾͲһ꼸껹򶯲㣡
һ򶯼ˣ˲ȡɽ˻öۣνһƽƣ¶
뷨ȻãʵȴǺܹǸС
﹫벻һͱҶЦһȫû
ԷһͼλСϺףôôۻʵ֮ǰˮֵܾܸ㶨ľôʱ֮󣬾ʵɨƽʥԪֵĵز
Լ£Լϧ۵ĽӣȴҶЦ޿κΣȫЧ˵ˣҪҶЦܻ׽Ūãܣ
ҶЦ˰ΣֽĿ۽﹫ϣкâһ
һǸţֱɱأ
ţʲôã
ɱˣֻʲô鷳
﹫ظоҶЦɱ⣬ɵɫһ䣬һּԿ־壬ȴһ֡ڿԽˡ뷨
һܣֻʵһֲʹĥ
ǵĿ־壬ҲȲʹ
ҶЦ˰죬һ֣˵ȰȥѺ
ǣȻ֣﹫Ӿߡ
ҶЦһشе⣬زŵɱҰ﹫ӴţҪĥˣɱҰ
ҶЦţѾ˹Ļ֮С
˿̵ҶЦ˼
˼Լһ쳾Ĺˣ
ҶЦϣԼں쳾ļԤĵ͹ˣΪƣֻ߸˵Ϊ̫лԵü쳬ܼǿλ䵱棬ȴûߵĳ̶ȣ


170 ֵĲ
ȻҲλڽٺ½֮ʱѽΪ˾ųɾžžţʵΪۣ纮½ͼλ棬ܳǵȼ֮ǵǰҶЦλʵʵԾ￴жϣ
Դ֮ʱۺʵۣһΣܹ⣡
ȻҶЦⷢԼߣʵһԶƣƵĳڶս˫ͬһλ֮ʱЧһ˫ڴλײ죬Ԫ߶ʥԪߣνƣԷӣ
ߣҶЦƻ֮УδȷƴϣԶһɹ˵İΣ쳣ǣ
֮ǰԼδȣ죬ҵǣδܹṩȫıΣ֮У
ڣʵҳֽʣҶҾһʱʼѰӦǵԼߡھȻܹṩ൱ıȴȷܹõĻȥϾڵķҳѾΪʸ֮ģƫһأ
ãҶЦ顱һӷϣɱ磬૵Ҷơˣ
ǵģֻҪҶҾڣҶƶ˻ڣζŹԼģ
ڵ潫ǽӹ
۴ĸԣǻǸ뼺ƽҪƽΣ߲ȡ
ҶЦصشһٶһâΨһǰҶƶʺͻȻԼ֮ĺҳǵĲٸԼһʱ䣬Ȼͬ
һ˹һĨɱĺ漴̾˿
ֽ׶ΣڷҳǷڣʱǶҶƶ˵ġҶƶ˱εǽ֣ʼҶǴ֮ҶҶҵĵϵˣһỤȫֻ߶߼棬㲻Լǰܿģ֪֮ҶЦеġ
ˣֻͼ֮

ҶЦͷƣ˼飬ת飬Ǵ˼˵ȫ֮ǰһ۵ãȫȻûʱҶЦҶЦתһȦǰȴȥ賿ʱ־ε߷С
ͷѾѣԭѪۣ˼ɾһӦ˸ȻȬֻص˼ˣȴֲһԻָġ
֮ǰõʱ򣬷ǵƳأϢԪѾȫֹͣһϢסͷǷȱԪϢ߻鵤ҩ˹̣±룬ҶЦʩչע룬߱ҩҶЦĶö鵤ΪЧԵĵƼ鵤ͷֻѻ߾Ȫˣ
ڣҶЦԾ޷˹ƸôٻҪʮҵʱ䷽Ȭ
ȻԾǷ쳾ûܹˡ
ҶЦߵķ䣬ΪʵûȥˣﵽˣۼΪȻԼ˸м㣬ж£л뻹Ҫ˵Լҽ佱Լ᳦ĲŻڷ˾ĻƽҶЦȻϡവ˼鲻ãԸģ
ĳȻΪˣ־Ϊͬϳˣ˶ԼƨҲõġ
ȻӰԼκξܲȥҸοҲˡ
ǣԤеĴûڶƺԼƣŸոһתӣһϡŹֵҴҶЦأԳʵ棿ʮ
ԱߵĶ˷ۣã⻹ʲôطܾһѾ˵Լ˵㲻ô
ͷƤбۿ񣺡С˵ģҶϷ˲ǴϷ¸أؿͲƽˣҪٷСĵϷΪָˣһĭ㣡
һм°ҪΪָһ̵ҭˣһĭ̫ˣһΪǿĺã
ͷԵʱŻһŭС˵ôģϷΪָ
һŸ첲ȥһĲ⣻ͷһƲԣҪȴѱ񡰹ˡһư˴ϣǲĵͷҶ
ͷһӰ˴ϣʶذһôӵ۾ݣСӣõ㾴͡
ǺһЦϾͣӦ֮⣬զûأҾͿϲݣ
߼æĿתƵҶЦߣСУǸ޿⺻ŪߣϷΪָˣкô㣬⣡


171 ˣ
ٶȺٺһЦͷ֪е˭
ͷŰۣܹȥмˣ޲ǺųƲҽҶЦСһǵͽ޻˲ôСҲ͸ҶҺᣬֻ￴ңûҲҳȥϷǻƽۡ
ҶЦһЦֹסĶ񣬺үӷ棬Ҷĳ漴ֵûˣҺλүӵ˵˵
ͷ˳ȥ
Ҫ˵˵ĵʲôͷҶЦɫЩ
νʲôļ䣬྾ͺáҶЦڴ߰Ȼһ죬ѽͷץ
ͷ۾ȤζضҶЦҶޣɿóҵܵʲôˣ
ҶЦЦЦʲôʲôνʹܵǱ֮ˣ˷Եʻ֮ңҲǲ
ͷЦЦô˵ǵøл㣿
ҶЦ̧ͷĿ峺ߣлͲˣõĹأѡΪЧ߸һŵǻرҵķʽ
ڸлֳ滰Ҷû壬̫òʵˡҶЦһЦ
ͷɫȻһΪЧôǾһΪ㼴Ŀ
ҶЦЦЦûٿڴ󻰣ΪҶЦóͷͬ
ȴνģҶЦȻܿߵʵҲǿ֮ǰȣҲΪߵľԼЩͬһ˿ͬĸдǰĶǣҶЦֱ귽ʽԵֱ޿ɱԵ֮ǵΪ֮£
ιҶЦſڵ˼̫Զˣܵ˹ȻѾȫȬˣҶЦվȴԾɻأȭ֮˻ãѳʺתձȬ߰ˣжҲѲΪǣΨǽ֮ˣȴڸըĿԡΨһȽ鷳ơ
ͷͷȽ鷳аκô
ȻаյģҶЦҪȷ˼ѡ񡣡
ΪΣͷ⣺ܵȫ֮ٸѡô˵㿴ѡãҲҪҪһְ֣
ҶЦҡͷεãҽ߻ôҲȴ֮£˵ѡ֮ǰΪΪʵ̫ߣȫ˷ˣû취ȴǴʴԶҪġ
ˬ죡ͷЦ˿Ϊ衣
ҶЦЦЦͻȻת˺ֱۣɾɵĽˣԼγɵĵˡĺܺ棬㵽ʲôˣˣ
Ȥ֪ҿһ棬ҪôͷЦеʵһ˿𾪡
СһȻ֪
ʶɲģ
ûȤ֪ҶЦЦҡͷ˵ﻰҸϣѡһŵı꣬ȻϽκãʱȥڷϵһӦ飬ͳͳûȤ֪ӲԸô˵ҵ˼ô
ͷһЦЦЦţȴǺһƵɫѪҺ촽ȴǺ⣬ˣҾԸһŵ
ЦЦţߵͻȻתΪˣԭģ˵ʲôã浽ͷмܿ͸
ҶЦĵֻδ֮Ըˣ⵹Ƿ޹ء
ͷĿʱһĿһۡ
һ˵ͷһŵԼȷϴԼĶȴǼҵĵֻ»ѭʱǰҵνԵЩΪѣ૽͵
ǰ̫ˣֻҪǰһͷŵáҶЦЦЦνԣǾ֮˵Լ֮ˣһŵǧͷŵԣ
ͷ۾ЦȴǺƣҵ治ˣ֮ˣͷȷʵǺ˵ģ
ҶЦˣãˣãҵעעǰһöѣ
˵ҷǵˣҪɱأؽҲǧˣֻҪȫɱ⣬˭֪Ƿбأͷ۾еøϸˣǼɭȻ
Ҳҵ
δ֮Ҫʱӡ֤ǰѡ񣬵ôǰ£ȴҵ£


172 ˣ
ҶЦɫȻ˵仰ʰһ¾˳ȥһ˵ôǰûиеأȺúɣ˲׼´֮⣬˫䲻մأǰҲ֪һմȾ֮ķǰ֪ʷҿǲġ
ҶЦ˵겻߻ػߵûӰӡ
ͷ߲Ҫ´ֻż棬ȴӲһ˵ͣ˿С
һȻ֪ܹ֮ķţ˵ֻ»мֵ֮䣬𣬵س죬ش֮µĽֲһ·ӲȡؾˣƲתȴԽԽءԭԴˣ˵ҸӦǽԪϤڣʧȥؾĥ֮󣬲̸֮˵Ķطų˿ƵľСֻƬȴ̾Ϊֹ
ͷԼĽְᵽ˴ϣͷ˼Сһﲻʶҽ裬֮ˣأǲˣãˣãһвһעɱƣȴȷʵҪʱӡ֤ɱҵ£ȴ£ֻһ䣬øһס
ҶЦ֣߳æ߹
תȦҶЦʱһҪעͷĶҪմأ⻹ü⣻ȥ촰úкҪٸˣŵ˼ҡ
Ӧһ漴ͷɵʵͷŵúܡÿҽߺ֮࣬ȴûôſģֵôǷǾֲǷʲô
ҶЦ˵˾ȵףҽҽȻˣǾҪ価ˣҪĵ⣬Ҫչ״ֲҪ̰ͼʲôα࣬ǵǰĿֻϽȬϽˣ֣Ҫô
ӦһˣȷʵҪ
˵ףʵĵȴһͷˮɶʱ״˱ôˣǰԴ߿ǰúܣôôĺƢôҲҽ߸ĸҽأ
ѽ⣡
棬ͷòưȻڴϣȴһ⣬غһȻԵõΪ˵ĻҾˣߣС޻е˼
ҶЦȥԼķ䣬ţ¶һ˿Цݣҹ˵Ļôͷ˼ĳ̶Ⱦ̫ˡ

ͨһСβҶЦ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬Ȼ;ȥɱĻ磬ȥ﹫Ǳߣʡ
֪ǲѿڵĻˣ﹫ӵ֪޲ԣ޲ҶЦʲô﹫ӶԼ֪һϤ֪ʱϸҶЦż
ǺҶЦ﹫ӿе֪ˣҹڼöĳ谮ڶ֮ǰ˵˵һҹӵ۾ǵλ֮磬ױȡ
СѾͷΪǾ˵úܣѾʥԪƷ֮ңÿһʱÿһ̶൱ɹ۵ĽȽÿϣ˶ԼŮ۰Ըӣһ̲ǰҪѰңĸαҪû֮һ֡
״췽ӹԹ죬
ЩϢҶЦʶ˿СѾͷЩû㲻
﹫ӻ綸Ȼһת˵෽ҹӵ鱨СѾͷȻǧ谮һʵ򲢲ǺܿģƽԹһζǱ˽Ϊ׽֮⣬׽֮ˣˣ󳼵Ů׽ѸǰҲޡ
ҶЦ㲻еۡں½ʱСѾͷǺεȵĻÿɰö棬ȴˣݻԵȴҲδؾǸԵ

Ѷ֮ҶЦ˼ƣŲȥϿλãϣͷ˼ǧذת˼֮£Ծ̲סĵ̾һ
ʵʼӲԼӵ㹻ʵںʲôҶƶˣҶҾֻвǴĵĽСѾͷӦе˽Ӧкιǣ
ҪʲôʱԼܹʵܹȫԼںˣ
ǿƵĺ쳾磬ԼȫȻûκΰյġ
ڴ˿̣ʵССͣ̾ôԹ
ҶЦԳһѭͷһֻԼ֪ʱһˣ񳣬â˸Ȼȥƺ̺ǿ档
ҶЦɫ޲ȴǴԼΪʥԪ֮лʶӦ˴ȵľԼ߽ߣٺܹӳԼĸӦΪˡүӡˣԼδսʤ֮ϤϢȴʮա
߶֮һƣҲδؾһܹԼĸӦ˾ϢԼ


173 磬鷳
ղԼ㱣״̬ȫȴҲˣǡǰ֮˵ΪҪʤһȥ۾͸ˣȻбΪ֮ˣָҶǴ֮ˣô˭
һ˼άҶЦһҶЦѸٷӦ
иж쾳һʱ䣬ȴˡҶЦ󷽵ЦЦǰ
˵ЦЦûлشȴâ䣬۽ҶЦ۾
ҶЦֻоһֱת·Ҫʧȥʶһ㡣
ʵ֮ҽǸҶЦˣ
ҶЦǴããȻش𣺡ǣҶЦ
˵⼸һˣҽݣޱ߷ͷңˣ˴
ҶЦƺ˼һ£ãȻҡͷҳս½Ϣεսϡ٣⼸켸û˼ǰȷʵȷʵûݵġ
ȷûУ
ҶЦãȻ˼ãٶȿ϶ĵͷȷûС
һ漴һӣͬƲһ㣬ƮȻԶԶת˲ûӰӡ
ҶЦԾɳǴ͵ӣգƺǱȥ˻ǣʧ֮ˡ
էԶʶң˶ˣҶЦ״૵ѵû
漴һָһվȻ͸ҶЦ壬ҶЦȻһ𣬼ʱѹת֮Ҷ涣ҡҷǺӹ죬˿״
ҶЦ״ʱһ亹
գ
ҶЦаһ
ղǶʱӦ䣬ԼȻҪ˵ġ
ʱ˿̣ҶЦ˵Ŀ³̶ȫµ֮Իжϣǹظղŵʧһ˲ΪˣѾõؽϿգµǶȫ޷Ӧ
ζʲô˵ʲô
޲˵˶ԷĿ³̶ȣ
ҶЦվֻоԼıˮ乶
ӹɣˣǰѰǸͷġ
˵ļ˼ʿôǸϼһ˭ͬȼ֮ˣǵȿֲ
ҶЦһ亹͸ȴҲȥ
һԽͷķ䡣
ͷ㵽ʲôˣĶͷʲôˣҶЦɫװףЩܻ
ʵڲҶЦԲȣҲǳסʵϼһǵĶͷʵʵֲ̫û׼һˣôֲܿ˵ĵز
ͷԾһ㶣תͷо˸˭ˣ
һˡҶЦ̾˿ʵ̫ˡ
ˣ峤ʲôӣͷż׷ʵ
ǲ峤ʲôˣֻϡǵã񳣬˳߿⣬ĵҲǺܿ࣬ȴһݺĸоһۣǳգǧ硭
ҶЦ૵˵

ͷһѿڶ㡭Ȼô˵ò
ȻҶЦλԿĻ꣬ͨ쳹׵ĴۣͨҪҶЦСϺ׿׷ʳԼ䣬˵׾١練ƣѶȡ
οԼڸ֮УܿʶѰ
ôΪʲôҶЦܻţܹǵӣУΪʲôڶûҵԼ
ҵ㣬ȻЩ취ӦҶЦһеȻ˵ãƾĿػȴȫҵĻǣˣ
ҶЦ֮ԣͷеʱâʢ
ڸشҵˣǸʲôˣҶЦʵ
Щ⣬㻹ǲҪ֪ĺá֪˱鷳ġͷĵس̾һ
ΪڻҸղŰƳȥ߻תأѾ͵ͬվͬһˣؼǣ鷳߻ʱˣ֪֪ˣȫ׼ҶЦҲǳ̾һ
ͷĬƬ̣ҲգȻͷȷʵù󱧷ţǡ֮۵Ĵ֮һǰ
⣬ǵ쳾죬֮ͷԵøɬ
ˣ
ҶЦһĭŵʵϵЩ˺ۡȴһܹɵģǼƷ綾֮߰࡭
ͷЦһ˵ϵЩ˺ۡͬλǧ¡Χɵġȿȿȡ
ҶЦûһҭȥ
˵ͷ㵽ʲôŭԹ飿Ѳǳηﵨǵô㣿ҶЦֻоԼͷҪðˡ
ԼȥôôһλҪĻڣ


174 ﵰ
㲻ҪϹ˵ôͳηﵨͷҶЦҪ˵ûηﵨ
ôôأҶЦһףҪûļɻ䣬ǻôһˡô˵жԶнǺε֮ˣȻһ·׷ٵеͼƱ磬
ͷƸҡҿ϶ǡûηﵨ
ûηﵨʲô˼ҶЦһ㶣ͷǿ
ûηﵨͷظһ䣬Ҳ֪òƻֱ׳
ҶЦͻȻʡһͷ˵ûηﵨ϶ǳ˱ĲóԵ°ɣʲô
һ⻰ͷֱ׳𣬳ɵˣҪԶɣûɣѵԼ
ҶЦʱ֪Լ¶ˣһӵĺ׷ʵ˵£
ͷˣԱ񲻾°ҵʱöö˵ɶܺóԡҾ͡Ҿ͡
ҶЦԲ۾һɺܲо˵вôˣʲôɶɶǸɶ㵹˵װ㲻˵ûηﵨѵɶηﵨأ
ˣ
϶ûηﵨҪҾ˵˵ܺóԣͱͷǳ鴤һ£Ҿ˸뷨ȥ͵һö˵ˣҵֻ͵˷˵ѣû뵽͵ġ
ҶЦĿ࣬ļһһ˼Ƿ˵һԲ˵أ
û뵽ҳԵķ˵ɲǽĵͷһߣԭΪֵء
̵Ĺƨ
ҶЦ̲ס˴ֿڣڳֵֵ㻹͵ô
̲סҪϲһˮҲ̫Ʒ˰ɣ
治ܹҰͷԩĽͣʱöһ²ѾֻһöģʱöжϲǴֵķ˵
ҶЦò̽ʵö
ǰΪûɶ˵ľͶˡͷһߣȻͱˣöһöǽķ˵֮⣬һȻĵǱ㽫һϣͼ䡭ǸҲ֪
ҶЦͷĿѣûпסһͷڵϣû
ҿֱ͵ηﵨأֱӳһһĻӹ֮׷ɱ׷ɱ˭ܹɳµĻɫôɱ֣
ͷһؽײ㶼˰ɣз˵һģǲձȥ͵ô˭Ϊֵ˵ʱҲˣʳǰ˭̵ס
ҶЦطסԼͷͣͣͣͣɱˣ;Σξȷ£ʵԼ˵ˣ͸ʲô
һıߣ֪ʲôŭԹ顭лУܱܲˣү}Ļţһ뵽˵˵Ҹ}Ļţ
զô˵أһôģ˵ˣ˵ûôԵԷбʵĲòáͷԴĽֻ͡״ֻ̬ԼŪˣ
ֲ㱻ô׷ɱҶЦͷʹҲ֪ˣһ鷳찡ذҲӦþ㰡ΪŰ
ͷ죬òҲЩ˼ȴ૱⣺ްǧԹ԰Ҿͳⲻ١Ǻüǧ׷ɱҺü·ǰ׷ɱĽһǣˣ˺ۣҪĵޣǾͲһغˣ
ޣ׷ɱ㼸·ǶģǾôһѾֱӰϲ޸أ֪֪ھǻ˺ޣ˻˺޵Ľɫ
ҶЦŭһ㡭㽫ǧУֻĥһꡭǶģˡǣڰңãˮˣ֮ǰϹۣ˳أ飬ôĿˣ
ͷҶЦһۣˡˡզĿأΪתҿɶǽˣ·ƽεǽúıɫοĵĺãôܼȣǲǣǾ׻˵úáһЦ𡭡
ҶЦڰˡ
ôģԺ˭Ҫٸ˵ҶЦ޵Уƥ޶ԣҾ͸Ǽʶɶһɽһɽߣ˱иˣͷƤֹǱȳǽ񣬼ֱȳǽ仹
ôĽ˼ҶŮˣȻҪ˼һЦ𡭡
㵽զأ
ҶЦɴ˵óһۣϼһΪƤȵɣ԰Ц쳾ЦӢۣ
ˣҡ㵽˭ۣܵ׹ɣҶЦʵ


175 ɫ֮
ȿȡڲڣ޸ˣԺǱȻ󼪴׻ҾһС䣬աͷҳݵģǺǣĲҳݡ
ˣ޿̵ҶЦҲסϣͷ˵ڴϣһѾס䲱ӣɫҧгݵĵôŪСأѾС䣿֮µĵƱղص㶼͵֮ǧΧ¡˫˫Գ֮£ûɱǧĻˣС䣿㲻ΪǸްɣٲ˵ʵȥɣ԰ΪʲôôأֻҪɱСӣǲǰԴ壬ȷϼһǣ˵˵϶ȥɣ
ͷڴγأò˰Ϊ˼ʱҶЦֱۣаҽУһۣסס֡㰡ȿȿȡҡҴˡ
ҶЦȻ˽ͷʵ״֮£йƬ̱㼴֣ȴأԸоһʵ˵ͷҶЦ˵ҶЦԼԼԼǾݣû¸оӵͬʲô֮ģͷĺðôͿ˳أɶûռƽôһ鷳
ɴ˿ϵľǽİɣаɣ
ҶЦûʵ
üʶ˵̫ˡͷһĴȣˣԶһѣǵ
㵥ҲǵĶ֣ҶЦĵĴĻԴƪ㵱бܺκһ˴ƽֵĻô֣жΧԿԴݶߣ϶ϲôصˣ
ͷʱһΣŤ֪ʵ㣬Ҳòô̹ף֪֪ϾͣڵСֱ
ҶЦŭˣȻ˵Ļզ˵㶼ɵʲôأϾͣָϲݣģ֪֪ھһŪ㣬˽ˣ
ͷɫٱ䣬֪ŻңôģĲģ۲֣
ҶЦһб۾˵ɣ˭׹һ£Ҫ֧֧ᣬҿ϶ֱ֣Ӷֱǡ
ޡˣ˼ǳ𡭡ͷ̾˿һ飬ʵǱҸǰԹôķ˵Ҳûɶ¶˭롭
ԻȻʵԭǸ߷ҹ·߶ڼ˰ɣҶЦۣ
ͷҽг𣬳ɫĳ࣬Ļ𣬲ֻǳԵĳԻ
ҿ㻹Ǹɴ͸гԻˣҪǵų࣬ǳôĻô˵ĲгԻʵ
ͻȻҶЦһסȻתͷ˵ʲô𣿣ǳ𣿣ǳ𣿡
ͷԴûɵĵǳ𣬲ǳԻ
ɫ
ҶЦʱסˡ
ҵ˭ԭһһоͶ˵ͨˡ
ϲݾɫ֮һĳ
֪ں쳾λΪߵģ巽ۡ
巽³ĳ佫ĸ߽߹ȻҲǼ࣬ȴٽ뽭λ
֮Ψһ巽˵ģֻôһҶ
ҲֻдһҶ巽ƽƽڡ
µĶߣΪа˷ɢˣ߶Ĵ󽣿ͣ˫ȵȡ
Щ֮ıҪɫˡ
ɫҪ߶ˣȴ쳾Ĵ
ʹԿʵȷʵӹɣ˵ĵʱǿߣ
㾹ɫ֮һĳ𣿡ҶЦ졣
⻹мٵģƵķۣң˭ܹѨ͵ﵰǲǼʤ
ȷʵǼʤҶЦͷ˵֮ǿҲУаɴµҲУܹһƤɳģȷʵֵóһ˶ѡ
һȻڿ˼ô
㣿˼ҵ̶鳣֮棬治
ҶЦԼüģоͷˣˣĹȷʵɲ䣬ͣ㣬˺˾͸Ͻ߰ɣξ͵ײˣˣ
ҶЦ϶ǲԼѰ֮صġ
ԭͷʵǷȻͬСɣҶЦĥŽ֮һղ֮ܽԼľҲܽһԵڿԵǼܵĺá
ο治ǿЦ
ͷԵͬǿ壡


176 
Ȳ˵죬ֻߣһλӦˣ
ʵ˵ӦѾ̧ˣҶЦڵС壬˼ңֻ´Ĺֱûˡ
ʵ̫⣬ȫûпɱԣ
˾أզôأͷӶĺøС
ɣ˵ƴȥҲϡкøСˣôȥ˼ҵĵղŵ˵Ǹɹֹһ˰ɣҶЦȥ벻ͨǽɣѵ㲻֪еϵ
ɫһΣſڽȴ˵㼴Ļ
ĵ˵ĺ졭ҶЦüͷǽ˼ҶŮ¶ȥֱɥĲ˷ָڻļӰףǶϰģôɣٳĳĳһݶҵ
Իĳޣ㵽զأҶЦ֮
ɫ֮һνƬΪ͵Ķ֮ˣô޴أ
ʵ̫˺ˣ
ʹνƱ磬Ҳ޷Ϊ
Ը˵ʵɣѡҺγԸɥĵĹ𳤳̾һĹһزﾫԪԸ
ٺٵЦЦЦмֲȻ˽ΪɫͬţΪȻв࣬Դ൱ͬһˮ׼ȴ֪Ѿƿǧˡɫ֮е˶ԶԶĳңӦ˵ҳһˣɫں쳾֮
ҶЦɫȻһ£ġ񹦣
ȵĿҶЦССͲҽױʶط񹦡Ϥƽ֮ͷӵҲſڵƣʶȷʵǷ޶鱨ϲļʶ˵ã
ҶЦ漴¶һҵɫЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҫں쳾ס㣬վȽŸ£֪ҶЦ˶Ŭ
ԴҶЦȴǽеİ񵥣ߵϣֹصϤһһǣ鱨ƹʴǵ伮죬ר蹦̵´ţĴ洫˵񻰡ҶЦҲ޲ԡ
Ӹеݳʱ䳤õӢʵ¼
һݣһֱƵʮǰʱص¼ԭ࡭
ֹڽɢޣߣ۵¹ְУԱߵͣ˭Ų˭죬˭ԶͬȵȡЩȫҶЦģо顣
Щ飬ҪϾʱɡ
ΪоЩҪѵѷɫ֮ģ
ҶЦЩֻһӶòһжҪб޻һʲô飬ָܱһ֪ʲҪõö࣡
Щվ۷Ĵƽƹʣ似ص㣬ԸƢò
ҶЦǲ֡
Գһ˵Լ˭ҶЦʱ֪ˣԭλɫ֮һļһľȻ
ԭྐྵˡҶЦ̾˿ĳϲ֮⡣
书Խϳ˵ĹɻԽԽ⣬ԼĴͯӹ񲻾Ǳ׶ҪĹʼձ֮ͯһƽ⣬Ԫʧȥһ̱٣֮ʱǻԭ˾Ӧİһ񹦣ֻ±绹Ҫң绹ֹҶЦӦˣٶӼˣ
мڴˣͬܵҶЦٶȶĳͷ˳
Ե֪ĳ˱׷ɱҶЦһ̶ѾֱӸɵĳˣȡ粨ɢ˿ȴѶĳɱģϧĹȻƱ䣬ŮƱ䣬ิǣ˼ʵҶЦ֮ģ񲻾Ǿ˹
Ϸ;ѵǰУΪֻúóûڸǣУǳԻ𳤳̾˿ɫЩ磬ȴࡣ
Ϊ̸ʹҲ֮ǰǸɫ
Щͺóô߾֮󣬿νζһ򣬲ӵѪ֣ƫƫҪһҵӣܵ̾˿֮Укܶ֡߱һ̶Ѫ˵汲ԼӰѪ
ҲѰֽѾȡѪǳѪ䱦β𡭡ʹô꣬ʼֻñˮн֮
΢ǧɴ޽̾һϷѾӽ֮޷ͻƵǰ磬ôɫֻܸɫˡ


177 б
ѡϷգ⣬ȾתصĴ
ǰٰ޼ƣʵû취ƾһˣôͬʱԣд˼Ҳͼңһ֮أ㲻ǰԴС
𳤳̾ϢϵȴһȻࡣ
ҶЦΪδ˴ֻһ˳֣ɫˣȻͬţر˴˼ϵҲõѣܹͬЭ㵽ﾫԪҲδǲܵ飿ͬʱд£ҲתҶ˽⣬δҪõľԪЧͨﾫԪѾ㿰ʹãαؾ߼ء
˵Ȼ֮ǡɫҡһδϣһЦȻЦгһı
ͶۣԹƹ֪ѾԶ֪ϸ֪Ȼ֪Ȼɫ߶ֵܽϲͬ߸ˣһΪͶۺһ壻ֻΪõĹܷ󡭡ߴһ𡭡Ŷѡ
õģҲе˶ѡ
ˣʱףʱǨɫ˵ΪѾԶԶĳңΨԼԭ̤ٺһЦԭν飬ѾȻ޴ˡ
˼Ѿ߸ϣﻹҵæ
ҶЦĬȻ
ཻ˵Ǹεաҡͷ̾ϢҪԱ˴ݵλ൱ǲ̫Զǰ֮¡ܹƽȣﻥݻ
ǣ֪ҪΪ൱һˣȻȻҲ͸ǰĲˣ̫Զһ߸ϣһϣʽ浽ʱ߸ǿ߰£ֻܽͽᣡǿ߸ߵʲô衣
ޣ㲻ҪԸ̻߲мһˣʣһֻϸʸ㣬ΣɼˣαӹţοǷټ󣬴۾֮¡۾ҶЦ̾˿ֵСһԺеǧҪסʵĶԵȣŻѡʵǲܶԵȣעΪѡ
ҶЦɫȻɡ
ҶЦܲɳϣ˵ʵǴʵһʵ
ԣˡ
ֻõдڡҶЦεյֵܣзָߵ͹ġ
ЦһҲ磬ҲνУûм۶ϡ
ûоȴǲۣûмȴûСӲȫϡҶЦЦЦҾкöֵܣҲʷ޵ģҲΪֹǰ˵ģбͲߵģһ·˴֮δб䣬ʼҵĸֵ֮Уϵ֮۸εֻ¶ǳ
ҶЦԵĸֵ֮ˣȻҶξ֮꣬ñī棬ֻ˵εƵǳҲһ
ЦЦԭ侹ڣͷڴףܹһֱȥĸ
ҶЦ϶ĵ֮ܲܳ治˵ҺҵһֵܱȻһ·ȥ
޵ĸȴǲͬ죬ΪģҲȷʵпܾۼһֵܶˣҶˣ߶˶ۼߵģʮԽҶĴ˵ȷʵǺ쳾Ͷѽĵ䷶ֻǣҪΪϣͱҪһͬϴ
ϴ󣬱Ҫһֱ˽ĸһǰߡΨдһģпֵͬͬһȥ
֮Ǹİɡ
ֻϧɫ֮䣬ȴһĺģҾڽϵԴƴ˴֮ǵֵͬͬܣӱ˴Ϊ֣ÿÿΪ֮ƣԾɫ֮׵ͷΪݡ
һѪ˵ͬʵ
ҶЦĬһ£ҲգҲգǰκ鶼ҪӪģˣҲˡ
ֻҪԼĺ͸ȥύѣձȻ֮ڣκ˶Ϊ˸ǾӪ
ĺ⾭Ӫֵܸ飬ѪֵܻҪ׽һ㣬޷ϰɡ
ҶЦ˵Щʱ򣬺档
ǵġȷʵҪӪилرΨ
̾˿ܿҶЦţҲܿҶЦ԰


178 ˭
ҶЦʵԭ˵ôӪδ̫̫̫㣬һ쵱㸶ʱֺܾӪȥأ
û˵ǰ鱧оĵˡ
շ
ҶЦĿ㶨ȴ䣬ƽ죬Ϲ׷ȵȣȻˣ޼ɣپΥѡ
ҵֵǡǶһ·ȥ벻
ҶЦᶨ˵Ȼ鲼Ծɴڡ

ҳǣٴӭһδ
ϡ
ҶҾµĺö˶͵Ϯɱ̿ͳʵףָļӰȥ٣һУӰ٣һɱ֮࣬ҲӰ٣ջ֮ͣ١
̿ʹɱҪ󣬾ȫȻ߲㡣Ŀ꾡ǡСӳжӳ֮еͲɲǰ̵߼֮ˣҲŲҶҾĴӳѣϵĸ߲㽫֮һҲġ
ڡ
ЩɱĶλƽƽΪȻҲͲʤߡλְλߵλӳΪҲŲԪƷжӳСӳǣΪ͸ӵˣȫ֡
Щ֮̿Уȴûһӹ֣ʵԱǰ֮¡ܶ˸Ǳɱ֮󣬲ű˷ʬ塭
һҹ֮䣬ҶҾ²ɲʧȻ֮
ҶҾԣҲʲô֣ȫеͲǿɾһˣȥˣҶҾͳһָϵͳȻ⣡
ҶƶȻϵҹټ¡
̿͵ԺηȻҪһ⡣
ܹȻ̿͵˿ԲãԽƶϳԷôĿģҶҾָϵͳȻֻǵһֻºֶ½һԤвһ
һĬû
ʱҶҾŵÿĳԤƣҶƶ˵ҡһ䣬ҶҾ󽫾ͳ졣ְܰţλүΨһоֻơ
ҶҾҲһֻһطΪǸءȻ󽫾֮λⲻ巽۵İô
ŶڣҶƶ˳ƸԼִƱȨ֮⣬˽һʥ߰ҶҾ֮УЩҶƶԾӵ֣ͬմȨ
ȽλүӵȨޣֻڱ廹˵㡣ȻλóߣҶƶԽ˶񾴶࣬ʵҶҾ֮еӰûж٣Ҫ˵ʲôȨ
һ㣬λүĲ֮࣬еĺ
Ҷƶ˴۽粻ף˵Ķʮλʥߣÿһӹ֣ΪҲʥƷʵΪߵģȻʥԪƷ֮
Ҷƶ˳֮Ϊƶ˶ʮ˽
˿̣ʮλƶ֮ʿϤվڴ棬տǰҡ
¾áЩ̿͵·벻ǷƸ¥Թжϣ޵ķʸ޶˲²⣬ݣŵǰϮģԹĿΪ󡣡
һӺܹĳУ˵Լжϡ
еĵͷеڳ˼
үӻȻ̧ͷҪ˵ʲôȴָűͷôڰĶ֤ϮǹҪʲôݣ
ҶƶȻ˵̬Ⱥ⣬˵֧֣ϸ
˷ƶϣݣȣҾ˴Ϯڶ࣬ȻֻеͲɲ൱ʵȴһʾԷʵ֪ͬһʱҪд̿ͬʱ֣ˣּʾϮǵսףǲƣǴ֮ר˾ѻɱÿĪΪ
һÿڣÿר˾ɱ񣻳Աǧ֮ڣģĴɱڶ룡һȴǡǰƹλҶӲշһڷҳǵȫĸôĿȻҪΨڱȼ˾ٶŲΪ档ǹм˵ǹΪҪǰƲɣܴ죬϶ϲưոݣŮխؽϣɿ𣬴ٳɴ˾٣֮С
˵һ˵˲סͷ
ƽĶۣⷬ۵Ҳ֮ſں
Ҷƶ˴ĵͷԿ϶͵ʱȴһ˺ͻأվΪֻ©δؾ˵
Ҷƶ˱ѾϿӵ˵ͻʲô©
µ˼˵˴Ϯֻ²ֻùһΪϮ䣬̿żȻȴΪŶԲϻʲôԭ򣬱˴֮һܡһ㣬öֵ֤ܶȻ˽һգ漴ֳ룬ԾɿԱ˲ͬһˡ
֮ϮлйĴɱ֯϶ڵڶΪƸ¥С
Ҷƶüͷ壺Ƹ¥жϣкݣ


179 
˼´ʣ֮ԻôΪݣǷƸ¥Ȼ޽ʱ䲻λ֮ȴǰδУһ·޽ʮǰף˺棬ǰ߸սַҳķ֮һ̵ΪֹΨһһʧǴ˴α˷ҳܲǸϳ˷ҳǣʵһ֤ǣʱƸ¥ȫԱ֮ʣȫȫʵ֤ǲӲƴȻӲƴȴҪɱȻõֶΣ
ۺǰ㣬ٿǵ˴αɱȫǵײҶҾӪ˴ţͷƸ¥һ뷨˴˵
⻰Ҳ˵õҲмֵҶƶ򢡣
漴۷׷ס
һ˵˵ǴⱨҲδؾͲֵܻᣬҲжⲨϮġȻԲ󡭡

Ҷƶ˵˾һ֮Ŀ꣺󣬷Ƹ¥
֪λ˼ҿкθ߼ôҶƶ˺𾴵Ŀүӵˡ
үӵˢˢҡҡͷһθоȻ
Ȼˣʹ˷ּǿ䱸һ֤֣ʱҶƶ
ǣع
ҶƶѸٵӹһ˿־ɫ
Գ棬нֹӺɷɾͰҵԵˡ
һ£ǧֱײ
ǾԵȨ
λǰǵϹͷƸ¥ҶҾսҪδġǺǣʱλǰǡҶƶȵүӵ֡
ӦõġүɫľȻҶ棬ġ
Ҷƶصͷ˶ллˡʱҲҪҳֻ̫֣ÿҳһǧ߽ߣѾ㹻ˡƶ˽ҶҸλʢ飬ҶҾ񾡳֮ʱҪԵѹȻСһЩˡ
ȵؽ߸ү˳ȥ
ŻûߣҪһ£Ժ·ԡ

߸ү߳ȥãԾһԲһ⡣
һֱȥսǴ߸Ծû˵ȴҲûзֿǡ
¶ɡүӳȿڴƽ֡
˷׷׵ͷ
Сӷ·߲ŸոүƢ𱩣ʱһӡ
үֻһЦ˵
ʲô֤ݶûУ͸ҽָǿе̵ңӷǴҪͬʱңǺõʶð׳գүɫ࣬Ĳƣ
Ҳȷֻɡү˵
ҲôĿŵĿ꣬ôڣҶƶΪԼ˭ˣҶүӣⲻû𣿡
һ˵Ƹ¥İ׹ӾߣԣҲҶҲðɱүӴźӣ˵Ĳ֣ҶƶϷƸ¥ƫƫ˼˿ҶСӾ
ǱֻҲδءүӺһ˼ҹ͹֪ģҶҾ׾٣Ҫ鷳Ͳóʲô̿͡ҶҾССҳǣûҶƣ˼ҸͲὫνҶҾ£
Ҫ˵һδɱĻ֣пֵܻ᷽֣ܵǳľûи֣ɴͲֵܻ᱾ֵܣǽɢޡԲֻСϺ֣ȷɹʵͬʱҲ˱¶Լݵļʡ
ү˵ġ
ߣֵֻܻ᷽»⣬ֻǵǰû¶
ү̾˿
˵һ϶۵ûôһֱûп˵Ĺүڿ˵ˡ
ݣ϶װʲô⣬һڵͷˣʲôƨʹţװŪͲ۵ûţүһĲͷʵ
Ҿ˵ܹĶЩΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô϶ϮǷƸ¥͹أүƵ˵ֻһ˵żôڿһʵ϶ֵܻᣬûκǲ𣿡
ͻȻһĬ״̬
ֳĬϢ
үЦһҪĮʵô˲һģ˶Ϊ֮͡ӵڿһʣýʲôǲ᲻֪ʲôɡ
κүӳ˵ľߣ
ʾ䣬ȴҲǿ϶𰸣
˵ҶƶָԸȴˣƶ˶ʮ˽үӺȻ˵ĶУȴһͷĿѣ
ҶҾһ֯ҶĺȴôһӾôʥ֣ʮˣи߽֮ϵʥ֣ߴȥϵ֮⣬ôȫмˣ
ү΢Ц˼ҶڰʱˣΪ
ϵɫѿ


180 ȫڼ飡
ԶһĻЩ˲ò˼˵ʱ򣬾ͷֵܻҰү˵ȵԽԽ࣬뷭Ƹ¥Լĳͻ
⣬и˺ȻĵطսǼ֮֮⣬ߣ۶ս˫Ǳߣòƶûʲô߲ʧλ̩Ȼ֮ô
ҶҾһս濴شȻôҾֻ˵һպһ£Щô׼˵ءһûˡҶҾ͹ĸȫû߼ңÿһҶʧһλʥ֡
үЦţٺ뷭Ƹ¥ͻ֮ʱƸ¥ӦѸ٣ʱǿӲӦԡӦԣԶ׼ǷƸ¥λ׹ӵֱʣ˱˰׹µ·ɵʱ׹ӷͲڷҳǺôεΪͨ죬ıԶǣܹǰԤ⵽ⳡ٣ȴҲû֪һ췢ɣԤôӦԣϤȫˣһԱ
λүӼɫ
Ϊүӵⷬ˵һµʵ
λүӴﲻʵʵȴǲпʵ
Ǽɫе㲻İʵ˵ˡֻأѾ˵ˣһȫ˵ĺáүӴ𵶵ǲ˵ֱʵҴ
ͷתͷʮֻĶĳˣ
֮ҶʮӡΪʲôֻһӣĸ߼ص㣬ˣأүʵ
Ǳ˵ֻǵһðɣ͵ǵһҶ٣ɳһܳ󱲳ˮ̬ȣҲ޿ɺǣǣʮ֮Ѿȥ˰֮ãƶ˹ӸС춯ɳЩ£ĿãҶҾ㶯ǵڶԮ֣Ҳ˰ɣΪʲôٳδ
ʮһ绢߼ҵڣΪξҲʹǰһΣ漴ٶ䣡
Ʋλ̬Ȳ˵ʮѹҶҷʱıҪҶҲ¶棬ҲӦĻǴʲôȡϵЩҲȫȻûС
Ҷңʮֳ徣ѵʹɳôһݰ£үЦһϬ˵ļһĪ˵ڴ֮Ҷ壬߼֮УʸΪϵ̳𣡣
ѵô֮ҶҶңи߲㼯ͷۣ˵ǵǣܲ˵ҶҾʮ꣬˲ſԣҶƶѾɫĺ󱲣
үӺһֻ²ðɣ
⡭һĿ࣬ſڽ࣬ƿԣ
ү˵һϯݿνʯ쾪˶һͷۡ
Ѫ֤ģܲдɡү˵
ȷΣºҲûʲôɣүӺߵҪǣҴû˵ҶƶˣţҶಢҶҴ˰
ס˶үӸŪͿˣȫ׹үӵ˵ʲô
ҲסֻܵȥүӺһ˵ǰ·ҵԸЦҶЦҶҴˣǸʲôҶ˿ƶź֮⣬ʲôϹƶ˹ӵźš
ȷʵһ˽ܣӹɣ˵仰ʱ򣬼ֱͬ
Ȼĳ˵ĸѾģ
ֻ˽ô˷ҳǣΨоȻүӺٺһЦСû˸ҶΪ
Ц뵱ǰ¼޹أȷ²̸үһķң˵ڼ֮£õδ
ڼ飿ʲôڼ飿үӷ˷ۣͷʲôʱ˵ڼˣ˵ˣ㵱ڼָʲôϵ
үӵʱһᡣ
үĹ⣬ֱӾ޼ƿʩ
ղ˵ģÿһֶָڼòãһƤͲˣ
д
ڼ飬а취үӺһ˵ȷˣ
үһߡ
ҿֿ϶ظ㣬ڵҶҾ֮У߲ʮ˼ƣôǷƸ¥ڼ顣Թģǳֵܻ᷽棡ֵܻӦø࡭
үһжϣƸ¥һˣˣֵܻ᷽ȴˣ˵Ҷƶ˵νϵʮ֮Уֻ˵ģ
ļܹ
үĿƣߣ߲֮£ĿԵףأңҪڼ飿


181 
үĿɿڴôذɣ
ƾģҸԸʮ֮ѹûһǱҶƶģȫԵףүЦһֵܻԴԹôĿȻΪֹֻǴһûĶã𣿡
ҿԸεĸһ䣬ֵܻߵûҶҾţһٱǵʮ˵ĹģбȻֵֻܻ֣˵ǸͬЯֵĽ
ǰƣϹ֣
λүӵʱ亹졣
ǹү˵ģôڵҶҾ˵ΣѶģʱֻ̣Ҫ˼룡
ֻҪʲôʱϹһ¡үӺһڿ޷ҶҾ㲻ȫûҲųɣ
ǳͷƸ¥Ծʲô鶼ûУǸֵܻῪսҲ֮䣬ҶҾͲˡү̾˿ϹֶΣǲ᲻֪ɡ
ͬʱͷ
ǵģϹȫõó
֪ΣھֻĿţȫ޷֮
ڰ޲ߵ֮ʣеһͻȻէ֡
һէ£ͬһôȻڰգҳǣʱ硣
ϼ״ɫһ䣬ͬʱԺ
ֻһʵЦ˵ѽֲýĺϲȵţԭֺͷ˫˫Ǽ١ʧԶӭˡˡ
Уһ֮£һ£ƮȻɵ¼棬ơ
ϻ
澹ȻԳˣ
Ϊ£
Ŀ֮£ʵҹ측һƣԼһϼһ̣һԼһλ˻һڿУվƵĶ档
溬ЦòЩȵءλɫƺЩã
һ۵ǿЦһ֣ʵһǰΪһ׮˽£Ҫֵȼλֵܰ֡
ɫһ
ݣôվڿУˣȻԼ˵ҪԼæ
⡭Ƕ飿
˵ȴҲȻһص飡
ղ˵ĿǡֵȼλֵܡæֹԼһ˰֡
ֻ̬»ҪĪ
ʲô飬ֻ첻˵ģ
Ҫͬ߶һӦ
̲סЩˣʧѵλҪλֲɣ
дһʿƻʵȴ֮ڣΪʵûˡ
ͬʱõߣټ߶Ƕһ֡
òҲˣ
ɿһĿЦãֵǻ󣬿ϧ治ǣ
һߵĽڽʼһԲȻȴʼ˴Ŀĵɱ
ǾͺòǾͺã룡뵽ϸ̸һֵ֣Ѿˡ
˶л
һ֣ͬʱΡ
ͬʱеһ˶Բ£ʹʧ
˵̸֪ΪΣȴûκκڣٷҳǵˣȫ߿յһĻλľףҲǵĻ
һҹעߡ

ҶЦ˼õĶˣһƬϤסΡ
һ̣о˳صѹȻֻһƬ֮Ϊṩһ
ҶЦĵ죬Իľսʵǵǰ״̫ˣѾ󳬳ҶЦߣ
֮ǰͷһϯҶЦٶ˸ͬܵĸоԼһݽ֮ģ֮ǰж֣ɹƭҲû׼סͷȫ
Ǵ˿̣ҶЦĵ׵ǷݽɢȻ޴棡
ǰ߶ǵ֮˵棬˵Ļ
еľģԼķݳԹǲԶ
ǴеĿ꣬
ֻһˡ

λƵĳˣ˿Լ֮ڣԼ
ڳǰʱҶЦѾ֪ͷ϶ϲһ֮ȴôҲû뵽ϻȻôĸ߶ˣܸɴؽԼãϤ뵽һ鷳֮С
ڷҳؽ֮УֻҪ߶ҪʲôˣôǸĿ֮˱ζزסġ
ҶЦѾûܹصס
Ǻã
ҶЦֵķģ˵޾ռΪʲôֻװޣôͲװأǳϻ˵ôʲôģҪֱӱһһͷ˶ãֱս޾ռ䣬ʲôⲻˣ
ҶЦص𷿼䣬һ۱㿴ͷĳ죬ȡ
ҶЦͷ۾ѾҿԾ֮ء


182 ֮
ҶЦޱ飬ɫĮȻûмʱ˵
ͷЩؿռ䣺ҶЦ˵վϷΣ֮֮⣬ǰǰҴڻǰϷΣϷ˷ȥġ
Ĭһ£һԵһСܸһл
̾˿ӿռָóһСĿռָ㣬Ϊպ֮У档
ҶЦҲ飬ֽӹһٵҲ㱯ۣʱ䣬аʵָųˮ׼Ȼƾ֣ȴδ
һҺγסȻҲһ䣬ǽ˵ҳǣӽԺ󶼽ҵĽأ
˷ٻڡ
ҶЦ̾˿ȴ֪˵ʵ顣
ָıҴеջﵰ̺дﾫԪֻҪҵѶٺ޶֤޷գǸʱ԰ã
һ㡭ŵﾫԪٿΪ㡭Ϊ
ҽﵰ㣬ֻ㱨꣬˽֮Ķ壬Ҵ˷ǾȡȣǧĪҪ̫жҪΪұơ֮ûôõ꣡¶Цݣ֮ڵ챾Դ֮󣬶ҵĹĪ档ڴ˲գԪѾָĳɣŴ˺ӶݣδȫȻܹҾͲðôգʱҲҲҲͽκΡ
Цһ
ӹռָҶЦ˼ȴѾĿɿڴ
ﵰ
Լָô
ҶЦռָУпǳȫĿ൱ԴвƸȵȣǳŲʻҲδҶЦУϾҶЦ޾ռȳĪ˵ǳŲ巽۵ĲرҲǣ
Ǵ˼ʣռָе¾ﵰȴǻȻʹﵰ쳣ʳΪȴͬҶЦڣҶЦȱΪĶֻûгؽ֮ΪУȻﵰȴǳΪȡأڵǰͷԼѾҶЦܲݣ
ҶЦͻȻоз·ǧ֮أԸɡ
Ƶﵰ
ͽ׷ɱ𵽷ҳǵԭڣ
ؾôĪԼУ
ҶЦ˼ӿ˲ϢȴͻȻоԾ԰㲻˵㽫ͷﵰһôָеô˵
Цһҽͨ񣬼ʶᣬȴ˵лȻ⽫ŵһԵǵ潫ŵľȫɣΪУһͻƵǰģֻﾫԪǵԵܻõģȴҪȻȡڻ㻯ɡܹȫȡɾġ
ţҶЦ۾һ˵ŵľԪֻȡ˲֣
֣һҶûȡЦԴȡŵʼǲϵսϵսȵ⣬ʱˣھ⣬ɸоһ˳һԪظɣɽﾫԪͻƵǰƿǡ
ˣ״̬ǵǰصðɣҾһ䣬Ȼûüȡ侫Ƿ˵ŵģ֮㻹ǿԡģ
ҶЦʵ˵ĻɴཫŵǲͳˣǴ֮ˣֻҪŵ黹Ȼ˵ĳԣСô˫޾Ծ޷ȫ⣬ȴתذɣνɱ˲ͷأλ߼Ȼһ֮ؽһҪزſְɣ
һҺûǵתҺγԸ߼ˣȴڡڵõŵʱ򣬵һʱɢŵ֮֮ͽ׷ɱҵԭ򡣡
һʱɢզôأҲ̫˰ɡҶЦüͷһѿڳ
ﵰԴϢǲɢŵ͵öλ꣬ʵǲòΪ˭뵽һɢϢʢϣ֮ϵһʹɱ֣ҳţ֮ʱѣȻһ·׷ɱǰϵϢɢҸûȵء͵
ҶЦҡҡͷĳ̾ĻӹԴԶѰѪã׳֮ʣԣȻϣǵĸĸҲڵһʱӦŮʵôܲٵһʱչ׷ɱ׮ȻҲأϵû֪ɣ֪ôɡǲԼ·˺ȡ
治ǹġҲƣҵʱɢʱ򣬼ʱоͽԪϢ֪һ˴ŵĵеĻѪѾ£ˮգݻ٣ܾܲʹԴаɡߣȴԾһ·Χ׷ɱ
˵̾ϢһΡ
һ仰ˮգݻ٣׷ɱ֮£񳯵Խ˺ҲȻ̻̣϶ûʱȡ羫Ԫת㣬Ҳ˽һ׮¡
ҶЦǳ˳飬һ૵˵ɢ˵Ԫ׷ɱ˿̵λ֮꣬ЧȴϢ󣬵ͬȫתأһһΪ
̾˿
ҶЦתŵָóϣϸۿ
˼ȻǴһָֻСû͸޾ռȾͨԼԳһ£ӱϻһζԹ


183 û͸
ϧҶЦϸ֮£ȷŵίʵްѾֳɫɬӣҶЦȷ޿أϻȻǷȽɢˡ
Ȼȷ޾ȣҶЦ̾˿ֱӽŵ޾ռ䣬ˣԽ̾ȡһⱩҲǲĳȫ֮ġ
ڴ˿̣һϲĴ˵ȫ֧ô̫Ҹˣء
ҶЦʱоһ߲ų˷䣬Ͻ޾ռ֮ڣȴž޵èתȦֻ۾ľǴΡ
ŵڶԣǾ޵ÿŵа˶ߵԲξ޵СС壬ŵԱⲽһСɽתȦ
һһ
һòĽӥŵǰһ˫ӥۣס˷˵һţĲѵδδڵϡ
ȥȥȥһȥҶЦüﵰǲܳԣ
ӥԹֵĳһԹתͷҶЦ
һߣȴǱ״תͷ߰ͷصĽĻ˭˵Ҫˣ˵֧䡭Ǽ䴿ﾫԪܹеѿǶʣﾫԪԼﵮ֮ʱϣҵСǳԭλף̥ǣ֮壡
Сǣ
ҶЦصɴ۾һתͷ֮ʣʮ˫ǿ
۽ߣ
ʮ۽ߣ޾ռ޾֮£ȫΪ۽һĴڡ
ȫеƬȫýͷϵĽڣҲѾͬһȻѾ۽ߴ޵£
ҶЦԴȴ޶ãƺʲôصһ£ѿʵôﵰȻܷŵеѾɢôȻת
ͷֻǱɢѣξûתˣž޵֮ﾫԪʧĲ֣Ҳֻðٷ֮һķвﵮľֵʮһ֮ȱԱ˵ȫ⣬ؾ˵֮ˣڲڡ
ҶЦһ񣺡˼˵ŵ
Ļ̌һֻСצӣԼŵνɢֻɢ룬ַǴģֻҪ֮ͿˡȻۼбȻʧк̫ԴֲһֵԪܣﵰõֲǵע𣬷Եʻ߲ΡĪĸԵ˵޸֮£б˳֣ȴʲôѵģ
ȴʲôѵģ
ҶЦסȻ
ٹƬ̣ĳȫ׵һԾһѱסȫȻءһһڣЦֱղžԿڼͨԲ飬Ҫͷҽһ⡭ðɺðɣֻҪ£ҾʹӦ㣬СӥȥˣֱΪֹ
ͽӥֻ۾ͬʱֻͬ̽յһ㡣
ӥȳһԴеشյ˶ǰ֨֨֨һҽУԴڶ϶ȥʾ׽
κνӥʵ̫˶󣬶̫СȻֻԴչȴѾȶ屶࣬ڷֺȵ̬ƣֱӽķһͷַһͷ
ž
һڽӥԴϣŭء
ӥίŲӣĽлƺڽͣҲǹģֺ㰡
ȻͽӥͬʱתͷעŵͬʱɢĹʡ
ֻҪ/ϴκŵǾͿԳȥˣ
ҶЦ֪ԼΪ̫˶ŵǳ˶鷳
ģ治̫ΣһξͿʰĺ
쿴޿Խ⣬Ҳ£

˵ɾ͸ɡ
ָӽӥﵰԼſŵǸ
漴һС
ŴռͬʱͷųȻ
ָ֮䣬ռǰŵȫ֡
ҶЦһɵس˿ռ䣬ٶתص˳ߡ
ǰҸղϸһ£ŵδ׶Ͼһ»߿ԾȻСŷʽһ˳߿ԻġìޡҶЦЦ˵
δޣһˣҶЦƺڿһ񾭲֮ǰ˵ҵǽ˼ҵĶŮɵȻ󻹴¶ȥǺεȵޣ̸λ⣿Ҫλ⣿
ҶЦ赭д˵ΪѾص㣬ֻҪܹŵȫķɷѾһ룿


184 
֮Աǣҡͷ֮˵ȻصǻָҪκһɼǰΡ˵ΣǿﵰѾʧﵰ٣巽۾٣Ҳ
ҵרᵽǼλȻ컯ʵͨ죬ֵ޸֮ܣҴԲѣ쳾죬˭棿ҶЦһİȺףĿӡ
ͷķһȴԼκηأԵ񵤵֮ĵƼʦϤһ֮У쳾ĵˮ׼ֱ½ȼʱգƼĵʦҲԼ֮ǰƣǱ죬Ҳܹô̵ʱҶЦ֮Ծڣ
ˣһлģһɹءҶЦЦе˵ȲҪڴ˰ˣкϢҵһʱ֪ͨ㣬֮԰ǡ
𻹴Ҫ˵ʲôҶЦѾתˡ
ĿҶЦʧӰ૵СӵаգǷأ뷨Ǵ֮ܰ쵽ģ˵ΪǴɽֹ

תȥ
ŴǿߵľǺҳǣ޾ϸ
Ϊе飬ֻǿڶϽϣ߶ںԥͬʱȫԸѰ䡣
Ĵ¼ҶƶǱߺǵֹͣҶҾжڷҳңֱ
ûз֡˼˵᲻ϻûҳǣ
޿ܡ˵ǽ쳣䣬һԵɱǿӵϣҵԪ֮ҿȷǸ˵ڽ˷ҳ֮Ϣʧˡ
ûдǶҲûɢֻܻڷҳǣֻһܣ
Բ飬ҲͬĸӦ϶˵Ǹ쵰һǲڷҳ֮еĳصط
ȻֻǿϧһѪϵȻ׶Ͼ޻ܡ
Ҳ̾˿ɫ֮Уεطɱ૵ģһֵ˵ѪծѪȻ£һҪۣѪծֻѪϴˢ
һƮϢĹؼɽңҵȾǺҳȫѾѱˣ©۳һطǵľ˵Ψһ֮Ǵ˵Ī
һ㶣뽫Ŀ۽ڹɽңģ
ȴɫһ䣬ϴǸСͦϲģ಻ƲǷ֮ϲȻɫΪҲ첻ܲ뵽Ȳε¶֮У
ɽңڰ֣԰꣬ڵĿֻ׷䣬ڡǣ֮ˣֻҪ𡭡Сһǲǣ֣˵ǲǣ
ЦȻȻԩͷծǾǣ޹ֻóһ֮Ѫοδĺ֮飬ôиá
䣬һԽǰͷ˰ɱҺֵĻ˭ҲŹ
նʱһϡ
ƺɫһ࣬תеľƱҵǵ³˭ҪҿõˣͬҲԹۡ
̧ͷ΢΢ͷƣһĵֻϣֵˣ㿴õˡǷǵذҵĳˣ
ȻŵЦ⣬˵ȴͬĹԸֻƿõʲô£ܻǰ档
ԽԽ䣬ɭȻƵȻǺҶҲԼҲ
ֻ۾һ
һ纮һȻЦ⣬ΨеĹâȴԡ˿á
ѽһ칦ЦֻûһƲأԼصȳˡ¾Σȿô˵ɡ
ߣһĿԴڵǺţǸõʲôСһǸʲôɫǡߺߡ
ƷӲһ仰ڣҲ
ӿЦ
Ǹˡ
һ£ôͻȻͱζأ

ã˵رǵã
ɽңŴ˴ƺĪζ֣˳ܵصڣ̲ס̾һ䣺Ǻõط
߶˫һϹŸˣŸʲôˣ巽ۡҶͬһʱնκһ˵ʵͶʮ࣬ŷʶ֮۽֮߶ǳܼ
ʹһ֮ʤҲδ䷨ۣܹп֮أѰеĸض죬Ȼ˼ʿפڣÿ˵Уһȫ֮ɫ


185 ֲ
֮ǰһֱ˪ɱĽҲ¶ɫŮ˶õľɫǸ͵ġ
Ÿվͷ·ޱ޼ʵĿ⣬ʤǷ֮ͣ࣬صɫ
˾״Ѱ죬޾ȻΡȻޱߴ֣Ҳûܳ֡
͵Ŀ·ʵֺֹޱߴ֣ǽڵĲֻͩҲû󡣲˵ģȻͩҪѷɫ֡
΢΢ףϿĻ
˼ƺ˼֮ǰƾϧԼŶҲҪס˼˵ļ֣ӵʤˣϷǳˣǴ˴α漰Լ׶ҲҪּ֣
߶λҲ׷׵ͷǣƽ
˫΢ȻԭΪΪͷߵ߶㲻˵Ҳ֪˵ʤҲǽճţ˫֪߶ԷǹŪֻ֮»϶˹Ūˣ㲻Ҳ϶
ⲻ֪ڣ˻ǽղżؽݣϾƬʤǵɱ¾
ɽң΢Ц͵ԴҳǶųʮãֱǰһʣޱ֮ɾͣǰֱνǳˮ㱼ӿǼϼһҲǳȴǽ˴˵˵Ĺ⡣
ֵӶЦֹǳȴˮů֪֪ɣ˵̫ף˶ʺޡ
Ҫ֪۵ļڷҳǣһ˻߸окôֻǱĬ棬ȻΪȲεģȴθоΪĪô
ʵҪ˵СһӦϷǡ˼ҿǹؼμλһλ¶λҪԱɽңһ̾Ϣݶؼ¾֮ڿڣϷ֮࣬Ҫϵܵһл
һߵĽźۼؿ˹ɽңһۡ
ɽңȻһ̾Ŀƺڶµ׷˼֮С
϶ǰΪֵܰﳡءһŶԣ㲻ҪһˣٻټϹɽңμϹ㱾ôвŭ⣬ֻŭڵͬʱĵ׶Դ˵˵ĺ֮ȴ֡
ǰڻɣȽ֣Ȼ޾İȻ಻޵׵ȴֲۻɵġ
΢Цε裬ԴﲻЧù˵ȴ֤ʵҵ뷨˵ʤȴȻγɣ˵εΪֻۡǣԣ˵ʹʤƺһҲû˶ʱ䣬ȴַ漣ݣֻõһ񼣡ǿ֣
ԶԣƬطֻҪٹȥǧܱ꣬ʥأĶ֮컯֮컯
ȷʵǶ졢֮컯Ƽƶ··ӯӯ⣬Ľءַֿģ֮죬֮
֮컯бȻΡ𽥵Ƭƽƽӣֻ¾ĪС
ʲôİ˸ˣ΢΢ЦЦ
Ҷмң˵ȫڸǣбȻƣ޿ܽڴˣֻǣ˵ȴ㣬Ǵ˾µƣҲ֪ǲǱ̫ªţ̫ߴʤ֪֮ѧд˾ͻƣٳⷶ룡ƣȴ֪λǷΪأ
֮ԣʱһݣעĿĿ⣬ϣͼܹޱ֮µְأǹۿ˰Σһչ
ٹƬֵ̣λҲ࣬ôˣ䵽ʲôƣǶԿžģ
һڳɫ˲ʱ
ǰϻʲôƾڳЩ˶֪˽ģЩ΢ضƲ˵ģôɾĲˡ
ȻڵϣҲͲٲҴˣʵͷҰй۲õƣѾµʱˡɽңȴԽԽòԽȴԽȻ
һǲ֮ɫĵ㻹Ҫ϶ƽ׹۲˼ҵʲô˼ҺӵĶһҵĹϵôɱϲݵľȻһСҲ֮ģҿ㡭
ɽңۣƵָȫȻǡ
ʱĹ۲죬ɵǰʤĸۺϹɣлף˲չôһֲĴ󣻶ңǰ֣ʵӦ飬ΪĳһĶ
ʵ˵ĻµˣΪҪάϵȳУԲͨ鱦ֵ֧ģֻҪĿӴ󵽺ŵ龧ſ֧
ҪﵽһͱƻĴָҪ龧
ĬĬ㣬ΪĺϾҲҪʮ飡
˭ôֱʣʮϾҡͷЦûСĪ˵ӵУԶԣ巽Ҳδܹõó
γɵЧֻ²ˣ֮У֮ѭ֮ǣĸ̣ȴкĴ֮УǿУȴ޾Ϊ֮ء
ܹӵȴֱʵĴڣǼ
˵᲻ɴݵĵز칦ЩɵĿǰá
ǵģóȻĻֻ»ĪΣ۾
ǵжΣأܹұвЩɵĿʵ
ʵʤ۱硭жΣԴȥԿϾ֪ˡһƵĽӿڡ
ףһԾԣҵ治һСµټܣҲһӣӦֶơ
δӰһһӾʹǰ䣬õؽ硣
Ƽ״һһ֣ǳһ˲ûץѾȥ²ɴ󼱣˼Ҳųȥ
ʲôˣ쳾˵ĴڣҶЦµ˵ãεľޣƵһ£վСϷֵ̾ȴӦ쳾壬ƳأԼ׷£ȴǿ־һʱֹڰԵֻҪһֲסֻҪ̻Ϊ촷ۣΪزģ˵ؿеţݻĵؽ磬ȴ֮ף
ŽȺ֮еһƬ
Ⱦ˾һɵĿţǵ˼һ㡣
鵱һ޷ٻģԽΪ磬ôҲڷʲôΣգƸ췽ҹ̷
ߣҶЦԴӾŸ˵ĵһʱ䣬ѾʼעϷһж
ŴһݰϿգδж⣬ʼмµζҲпƣǾŸһеѹȣѹþ˶ҶЦôܲСԣ
ԼڵΪ쳾жҲҪĿĳƸԴ㾡ȫ飬Ƕɴ󣬵ֵܲܵĸ֣Ĵڣڽܱˡ
ǲܣԼѧղȡǵֵסˣƽͬʱòƻҪԸ鷳ƥﻳĵҶЦͶˣԼ쵤񵤵ʱδע⵽պҲƱػ˶Ϊ˴ѣٶһݳ룬ҲʲôʭӶ˲ɣ
ҶЦȫע֮ʣզһһǰδеĿֲƶȻѹҶЦʹ׼һʱǼֹͣȻһƶ౶ʵ޷ӣȫԸ飡
ҿʲôӻû˵ϼһôôεĺôһ־ôҶЦʶصɴ۾ؿŽˣȺ֮УڽƷͬʱһǿϹ⣬Ȼ֮ϣ
׹ӾڿӭƷϹ⣬˾ʹ˱Ҳ䣻εʹ˷һһƺȻĳ漴һƥһĹâڿ
ǽ彣һ˵ۡ˽˷⣬Ĳ˴ľϽϽľν赺ϣ޼᲻ݣβơ
ȻֶķϹ⣬仯΢仯˼ʷֳ֮һаǿӲƣڲǿӲӲǿ֮ĩĻ˵۽壬˫ط֮£εط֮⡣ĹƣõΧϹҵصһ£ʵδκӰ졣
ߣϹһ¹μңϹ֮нγɣԽԽࡣ
ڽһѾ˲䣬ԻһϹ磬ݺύ˶
״һֶ򲻶ϵĴڻԪ棬ɫ
ڽԼδһƴ·ѾǴʧ֮£Դ˻Ҫ⣬ĻֱɨأԸɴԻӲҲһëͷСӲµƣܶԼвȹģĹҪ㹥ܹãж龧ܹģ
ʱԴ֮ʱҲҪƣƣ
ȻΪԼһӵС˼
Ϲǿв˸ķǣϵ˸ȴֲϵ𣬶Ϲ֮£ϵÿһƬҶÿһ֦ԴԴµһŸոڽըһѾ·ϣһ֮ͣƴ
˹ƣ޾ֹݡ
Ƽ磬ϿͣסûнֵĹ룬˼ʿǰһĻȴ۵ľ죬ޡ
˳ãһХҪ뿪Ƭ򹥻Ϊȵķ֣޾ܣʼճֳһ޼ԽԽǿƣѾǿҲЩĳ̶ˡ
Ȼֳĳ̶ȻܸΣգƾսϿǰƵĿע޷ɣȻԼѾ޷ƻ飻ôȥĻؾñʧտĻԿʼԼ
һ㣬ϣƳȻҪ
ŽӳѳƬ֮ڵɫԣͬһ㣬ҲŽӳ
һ˲ĳȻ֮ǰܺϡ
٣˫ֽһ˲ص˾Ÿ˵Ӫ֮С
İ˸˿Цõķ֣ǵصȻԼҲһûˡ
䣡


186 ÿ
һȺ˵ʱһæҡ
˿ȴǳʧ꼰㣬ΪʧŵĽ״õһˣϾ룬ڿ⵽ķ׼˾꼰ˣֻǿ֣ĿϷģʽ뵽Ȼһ˻ӽƵֱ
ȻǿܺȻҲҵ֮
޿ɱһֲæң
ɽң˻ãֹˣĬѣҲͷˣΪҸڹһ©򣬱Ӽϰһףһ󴵺ӵۡ
ƺ˪ϣҲڸֳһ˿Цݡ
ȷʵ޷ƻ˽ۣƷͬСɣˣʹǵΪǳʱܴ󹥻ҲҪԸɣ˵ݻȴǾ
ҶڿͣģڴжټãڳзȨ֮ˡ
󣬲֪ǲʲôţ֮ǽСľȻתܣȫΪһ壡ǿһٴֺԴԴĶܣ޷ƻġ˵һٴƴֺģֻ巽٣Ҳģ
أߣֻ߱ʱɳȥԣ֮δĳһ죬ӵɱҵҲѴ֮ľǿܡ
Ҷǻһ𣺡ôأ
һղһ֤޾ԴΪȴкεвݣͷطֻҪǲ󣬲ֵЧΧ֮ڣͲƻܡ
Էġ
һԴݻٵĴǻ߱ϳɳһǿ󹥻֣ʹ߶˫ĶǿߣԾһجΡ
ҽȷ˴󲻾߱ԣһ¡
⬱Ҫ̵ܼķˣֻҪల£⬵ļٷΣ
黹ȫ̶㲻ƶĴ⬣
ֻǣʲô˲ܲĴ󣿡˼ȻҲЩˡ
֮ǰѰϻټ֮ʱץסǸʲôòҽʻʱûиоʲôŹֵĵطش˿תͷĿɾɲǰ󲻹չ⾰ȻǡȻ̾ϢһоԼһᡣ
˵ϼһ֮Уǰȫݣ޿κˣһĵʵ
ҲδأǿȷʵƻʼǱأǡˣܻҪԺöȵġ쳤ؾõĳȥվҪģ˲ܿ˵㣬ϻΪˣҲΪһˣϴ˵ػҵ
ѵǲһصȥ𣿡Ŀһɡ
˵ص͵Լƻˣʡۡ΢΢һЦ
ʱȻ
һ̡
ؼɽңǰһ˿ڣҵǰݷá
һ仰ͬ󺣲ˣһһشȥƽ͡
ϹһӦʧ
ȻǴо֮вûаɱ֮ĹܡȻ䴫롣
Ȼ仯ǿף˸йϵ˶ԣ޲˺Ȼ
һ룬֮ȴȫ޶
üͷһ塣
һʱ䣬˶̲סҪȥĳ嶯
͵ǰ״жϣǳеĿԣѾߴ˳ɡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ޷ǿƣԼʱΧĲԣȥǸزȴ֪Ҫȵ£ΪԽߣҲԽͣĶߣֻҪгǰ겻ԲȣҲݣУֻ¾ؼĻڣ˫֮ͨǰĽ֣ѾоֻѾûжԪյȵֻǳ޵ʬ壬νѩ޻к壿
ͷ߼֮Ϸͣǿ֮ʡ
ͻȻһ΢ĸӦȻ١
˾Ȼͬʱʧһ

͵סԼС죬о֡
ҲĿͨ졣
ҸоˣĸоˡϲĴһЩ֪룺ôܡ֮ǰѾ
˵˵ţҲͲסߵһ㣬׷䡣
ǻһͻȻһХҳҰѻ˵
һХֱ죬֮¡漴һ佫ֱҳǶΪ֮ɪɪ
ƣֱ֮УûϹٶȴʢȴƶ
һ̡
֮ǰһֱδĴȻ֣쿪һ뵵ӿ


187 ðգ
ƽգϧ쳣̫է֣߶˫ȴҪΪ֮ĿǴ˼ʣȴȫ˲ˡ
Ʋסľͳ˹ȥ
Сģɽңһʾ
õĸֻ֮»Ҫԭ󣬲󿪴ţŨ̫ӿ֣ɼеõʲôϣĸǻʵܻδδչҲ˵˵ǰƱؽַˣһãҪ״ݣ
ȻƺԹؼʾȫȻĳšֱſڣֱĿ棬ľ
ƺ棬˲ϧҲҪȡõĶ
뵽֮ǰַӦʵĹɽңüͷһͷȴ־뷨ڻĵ˼顣
ɽңԤϵȴõĻ˫ȥ֮ƱؽƷˣֱ˫ִôſڣԾûκη˵˼òƾֻһ֮ͣˣرƣ
⡭ɽңԽԽǰôˣ÷Ψһƾֻ̾ѣ׿ĻʹȫսܣֻҲ˫κ֮һһʰ߾΢ʱ̣رմ󣬵ôģûԴԴ߳ùأ
˼飬ţ˼
ɽңĿעȴһڵӰĳôſڣżһͷҷƺǺЩ˼Ĵ˸кˣҶ˹
𡭡ų񣬼Ҫ֮һȥѣɱǧ˵ƤµĻ˶
һ񣬾ǰȥ֡
š˺һҡǸ֡ºº
϶ɱҵĺӣȻҪҺȥɣŭ˫ɭȻɱֳ
ھͶ֣ϻǣֻءҪ꼰޹ͲˣĺԲںҲں𣿣ٺһЦ
Ծ㶼һ㡭ѵ
̾˿λȻȷʵȡѣֻȡһֻֻѪãԵɺ֮µλӣһʱ֮£ɢλӵ֪̫뾡˰취ֲñͷֲĻᡭ
ϴԲ顣һ껺üĿҶЦ
ҶЦʩʩȻ˳ϴһƵĸ΢Ц˵ȻǾΣ֮أȴҲʲô˶ʩȵڣǻõĿֻʩ֮֮ҽ֣߱˶죬ȻĿģȴҾġȴвͬȻ£ǾһԣҲ
ȻǼʶľŴˣ벻ᷢ¡
ҽҶЦȷʵԶչ鲻һҽʦһʦֶΣܹ׹ǣҪһҽ߻ǰɣ
ʵ̫ˣܵŵһѾϢ̥
ҲܾΣ
ҲҸһ㣬һˣ
£ֹδţδ붼ûиôİɣ
ֱ̼ͺñ˵һѣҡγƫƫ״̬ʱ򣬽ָΪѣ
ϵ
ΣЦ촽˰ס
ŽǰղѾоˣʵʤ۱磬βε˵ò㣬Ȼ˲¡ҶЦ»Ҫһɢ۵ľγԣҲǳԣȻ˳׻ǲұ֤ġ
ҶЦǫ̬ͳԣҲϳɳ֮ԣ񣬿Ƕ˫ԣȴǲ˼ʶȻټϣΪѾزþл֮Ǵϲзգϣ֮ʧĥˣ˫Ҳף
ǽȥһνžҪߣں˴˼ʶ鼤Ƕ߸Ҳһӵ롣
ҶЦЦ
ŸһУԼɽپ޴Σա
֮ȷʵһ޷ݻٵıݣȴǿнҲ޴ƻ仹ôŸӵо춯ΪĴ˵֣κοء
֮ǰΪȡ˫˫ôſڣȴûܲöԷУһ˫״˫룬룬ͽԼСӵˣ˵ǰȵزҲǲܲǽġ
ͽ˱Եʱ˵һ䲻ǽȥƴ
ҶЦ̾һһΣȴҪðˡ


188 ͷ
ðգվԽ⿪
ҶǵѡЦݿĴڲ
⻹õһνˣãڲţһǳ֡
ˡ
Ҳô˺ǧУΨһһ˽룡
ΪʱҶЦС
õطԭõвĺõطһ룬ɽңͿʼ̾Ϸһ֮Ѳ֪ɽʥأеȣٿŽǰʮ֮С
һҶЦźۼƲƲ죺ǰʮ
֮ǰƵطֻǰʮŲϣҵŰ͵ǰʮٹꣿ
ߺߡ
ҶЦŰۣЦǰˣֻϧõѾ˼ޣ쾫ʯһᴿĻƱظһȴǿϧˡ
ɽңбۿҶЦƤЦⲻЦĵҶܽ
ڽƮҲѽҶЦЦһ
ɽңεȵϼ޻쵽˲Ծǰʶң
СһſھϳԼⲻܰɡԼѾʮû¶ˣƾСӲżͣôʶԼ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦǰõʱ䲻Ҳܻд˵ġ
ɽңȻȹϷЩضҲֺܾԶ֮ǰĵ伮˰ɣСС͡
ҶЦνؼ¼ǰ˵룬ⷽ浹мµģٷŵߡԱ϶ΪԺѣǵˣľֵϣҴʮ֮ǰĵ伮ʼѼ¼ЩѶ֪֪ʧҲʧ
ڽ׼öһЩܲ˵ʲôʱõˡڡҶЦ΢΢̧ͷŹɽңԹǰʱȥʧȥŵḶ́Ǻõġ
̹סɽңһЦһơ
ƵЦЦЦһ֣ҿеˣô
ͽѭеĸӦͬǰ·һ㣬޾ɫ֮Уǰ쭡
Ȼ;в֪չ˶ٸ֮󣬵Ϊ˽ų̼٣һҲû೤ʱ䣬һڽ£һ֮⡣
ȽŵĽһž͵סˡ
Ϊˣסֻ΢Щɫȴһٶȶϲ
߶ĿɿڴĹڷֻ֪ʲôƳɵľ޴Բ棬ڷ˶ﵰӼ
˫˵ѾϼһﾫԪڵһʱͱɢôڷһȻĿʻĲˡ
Ҷûһˣܸоǰ֮
룬ʧһǰȥֽ˵ԼǷСؽԼԪһһȥֵز鿴ԼĶŮ

һߣ۾Ȼ׷ɣϲ
ҶЦҲЩݺݵؿ˳һۡ
࣬޴룬ͷȥ
һߣҲȫ춯Ķ
Ǻʧ¾ȴָۼϣǰȻҪʵӡ֤ϣС
֮󡭡
λȷŵѵİȫ״֮һϼɫɣȴѾһʯͷصɡ
ίʵʵʤ۱磬Ƿﵰ㶼ȻֹݣԭѾ쳣̸һ⣡
⣬ͽΪ֮ϲ
̥ƿǳ֮󣬸Ͼԭʤһ˫ʶ֮ϵ˵صòԼ֮ǰĺϾƲԼŮ֮ûе䣬ҶЦʩԺΪΪȴǷĴˣ
֮⣬ҶЦֶ̾Ϊֹҽطκһƹھ죬˿ɳƵϡ֮컯֣һҽģΪѵáǴڴ˽ύĻᣬǴ
תͷ˿ԭǷݲĿ̹ǳޣҲһ࡭
ΪĿģ³ç£ҶⷬʵֲԭʵûƤλˡġ
һ񣬳̾Ϣ֮·ǰпĳĹҪﾫԪоܣǳĳѾûдԪյ㡭ȥҲд֮£Ҷҽ᳦һҲóĳУһЩ
һ˫֣Ķų𣬲ס´


189 
Ķԣһֳ嶯һһĸ𣬾㱾ûΣ˼ҶҶҽĲθɣһ䡰֮·ǰпйҪﾫԪԪյ㡭ȴдΪԶڳ֮ϣڴиᣬԾλ֮δزһгٽ֣ȴ˵µɫ֮һˣеĹ񹦣
һ죬˵Цˣǰεºܸ˵֡˵Ϊûô¡Ѳɫ֮ˡٹ꣬޳֮ˣ
˵һƬ
֮ǰ֮ʱѲԪ˥ߣⱾǸ߾ٻֵ״ΨиΪͣͲǰԪȥ˵ǰԪޣԪĽ֮ǰԾ޷ͻƵǰƿԪĻ߱ȻϢ棬߾Ȫ޽ң
˼֪Բ飬Ҳ̾˿
ΪһǿߣȻ֪νɫ֮飬ɫ֮ԳķӦид
Լֵ֮ӵʱۿű˴ǰУԼȴǹ㲻ǰ顭
̲סһ̾
ǿ֮·ˡû˻ͣ㣡
ȶǿߣȻ䵽ɽˮĵزʵ˶̾Ϣ
һۣԳĺ⾹޼ȻԲԣɱȴǲˣ
ȻԾһ䣬еɱŨŨңԼ
Ŀ񹦣Ȼ궼ûͻƣôޣж೤
Цһǡ֮ڻûͻƵĻô죬ֻʣɫˡ
Եʱһ㶡
ꣿ
Ƕһûоͨ˵̫ʱ䣻һ߶ԣ־һαչصĹ̶ѡ
ȻһѾ˫ȼѾӽǿ˵
ֻ꣬꼻һֵɲǰˣ
ʱ䣬ﵽʮԼȸ˵ʲôӲͨȽϵĻ㣬Ҳӵʱˡ
ʱ䣬̫ˡ
˫߶ɫεǿߣκһҪǧ꣬귽ܽһ㣬ԪǾûпͻƵģ
֮Ǳ֮ˣ
ǵǰɫ֮ʱ߶ɫͷ֮һ̾Ϣʱε緢һ֣Ҳ죬ݺ죬ʣ߳ơ
˿ӣ̲ס̾˿
ɫ仯ҧ
ɽңȻһ̾ԭֲ˵վһ㶷˵һ仰
˴ڷҳǵ߶ȻҶ߶ϴ󲻾شл˵
ɽң¾ɣҲǳֽѾȷʹΣվºֲʧұϾǵһֱϼһʱգһһ
볳죬뻹һ൱Ķֲܳ񫲻ǣǺǡɽңЦЦȻҲҪľǡҪΪһ飬ڴеΣ߶ҲԤվ
ٺһЦϹأؾͲأĴҿɱϣڲɳӵģ
ɽңЦȻȻҲ뿼ǿǹ
Ц
Ȼ˴֪Է뷨Թް˳ѾһĴʵΪŮԸΪ𱬣ڲɳӣΪ˵Ǳ֮
һǰʾԼľԼҪɱȴɨ˼ӣ
ҧ˰촽ڵô˵ˣһ˶ϣȷʵǹˣ۳ĳΣΣվɢ֮٣ʹ𣬾ųɾŶǴ˼ҶЦ֮ǳ⣬ӣ𣬸һɡ
Ȼһ˿Ȼǲˣǲ½⣬ĳǣĳ޼ͷԹҲ
仰棬Ƿ۲İԲκתصơ
Ŀ֮кâһ𣬼Ȼдһԣұȫ㣡
˵һһֻѩ׽СȻ¶˳էɲǣռ֮ͻȻ¶轵еȴڻ棡
κҲ˹ڻ棬ȴûа¶ȣǺһ㣬һ棡͸棡
𣡡ɽңϼʶĳ˳顣


190 
ۼԼֻǻر۾һƽĮݺݵһҧ㴦ĻҪõﾫԪǰ׿ڳϱйΪ񹦣رеֻѾôԷһ屾Ԫ·
ɾڻ𣬹;ڻ𣡡
ˡ𵭵ЦЦ۾ʼղ
һҧҪ֣
ڳ֮УѾŵ棬˿ǲ֡ԳԹҲã˿ȴǶ޳ֻػ˸֮⣬˾֣ȴҲûʵӦۿųҪڽ
ֻһ仰֮
ҶЦʵȻ𣺡ǰ±һΣ
ۼҶЦɱеʱһŶҶҽ˴δԮ֣ڱдΪ϶ֱôҽд⣬͸ҽһӣ½ҹ
˫ȼĴڶԣ㹻ʵĪ˵ƽȶԻ˼ֻ۶ῴһۣҶЦıΪȻȶܵķۣӵеʵȴǸĪ⡣
ҽطӵеĸ֮أ֮ˣ˫㶥֮ҲҪΪ֮Ŀ˫Ķǰ˼ҶЦڣҲҪӡ
ȴҲԣҵãǴ£ҿ϶ĪرȴҪҷŹɱҶӵ֣ԾɿԸӣǰ˽ᣬգſǲֵðɣ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦԵĽƫģȣҵٴβճҽֱ࣬ʼĩѯǷ˫ӵдǰᣬֵΪĿģ֮٣ҶЦǶ϶ϲʩԮֵģʱ˿̣̥ؾۣѲתء
ؿڵҶҽ˵飬ôϣϻȴʮĹ⣬ղѾᣬأô˵ôģ浱ɱô
ҶЦǺһЦղ֮٣ڳ˶ѿ¶໰һ䡭
Ҷҽ뽲ǣ
ҶЦ֪ǰ״ѲֹԪأ˫УΪĳɹ壬ڴ˿̳ܷĻ
һ㶣ѿڶܲˣ˵
һס죬֪ԼͻˣԼ㼶֮ˣվȴϹ͵Ī˵ֻԪ㻹ʮ꣬ĵڣҲǾƲܷģı֮£Ŀ˵ȥ
ҶЦǺǺһЦʵȷʵʵ޳㾡лҲۣĪºһ֣֮ˣһȵͷʱٻҲˣ
ԾǰһСʵ̫ˣ֮ˣʵѡ
°ҶЦ֮࣬ɵ˴֮ҶϵҶƶˣҶЦһȡ
ˣǱˣɶɶøûˣûбȽϲû˺
˫ҶЦСĲ൱̫ˣҪǽһ𣬽֮±Ȼ£˫ѹˣǿ۸һԪݽߵ֮⻰ҲǺ˵ģ
ǽŮȴֹг嶯û̫ĻۣǶԹҶЦ˫ǰԼںȴǴ⣬ҶЦκνҲҪյȫգȻܣ
ҶЦܻʱӦմͣǳƶΪʵνĽĪֱӸµλֱӵˡ˫ӣݽΪӦ
ҶЦͻ˷ʤ˲һ㶡
ȴҶЦ˵ķţ϶ҪԶҽǺǡء˵ȴͣס˿
һЦãҶҽҶҽܲôǫôѾǵӦ񣬶ϵòã˭˵ǰҽ㻹ǰһô쳾֮֮䣬ֻһԳҽҲҲˣ
أ̥֮ȴǡЩīسɹˡҶЦ˵ﾫԪĹŷ߻֮Իƿ֮ʱԪҲδ㹻֮ǰؾ˫֮ʣ൱غ֮˫ӶǾȴҲǴԵ


191 
ûԵ˫첻㣬ʹɹ֮ճɾվܴﵽͽݺµǿ߼֪˵ÿɶô
ͷϿɵǵȻġ
˫ܹѲѾǽ֮ң˿ȴû࣬ȴ֪Ҷҽ˵ݻԵָʲôأĿȻ뵽ʲô
ǺǣҶЦڴл̧ҶЦ΢ЦҸղᵽĻԵһȻҼע˫ӵеĺһδʵУʱӡڿԸ߶λǣһ˳ôλĺˣֲܹǰγɵȱʧڷ֮ǰӵб𣬶Ҵ˺ȫƿĴۣôҲֲǰʧ˰ɣ
ҶЦһʯ쾪ڳ˵޲һ񣬻һˢˢתͷʮˣʮֻ۾ղű״ƵĳڣͬʱĿƵĿҶЦľ𾪣ǶЩԼݣ
ţƤǴеˡһüЩѵ˵ҶЦҪԵʲôˣһ˵ˣȴǺڸĿڣü
ƴ˿̿ȴǺ⣬ҲҶЦҽͨжŵƣ񣬷ǳ˿ɼղſʵ̫ߣߵ˷˼ĵزʵȡˣǱʱµͷ˵УδƣƽǰĴƣ
лǰΪ롣ҶЦм˵ҶЦȻ˵óǱõ
Ŀ¶⣺Ҷ˻棿
ȻҶЦ˵Ϊ⶯ǽҶЦĳƺҽΪȴ˴˿һݶҶЦһ֮ѯʣ˲ʱا䡣
עҶЦҶ㵱˵ҵĶŮڳ֮ǰӵб𣿶ҴӴһƿ˵Ц
ҶЦ֣صͷ֮ʱ߱ҪҲѣνһƿҲֻԶԣλ˵裬ȻҸһ㡣
ͷǵȻܹһ׶ûƿѾܿɹ֮ˣ׷ʵֻǣڽ֮ʱӵб𣿡
ҶЦЦЦһڱѿȷλǰ뿴ķλ
𣬻߶ѭҶЦָʾķȥ
ֻﵰõĵطм䣬̣Ȼ뵣ϼ
ȻΪտˣȴǿʲôӡ
ﵰϷоŸСףÿһʱ䣬ͬʵһġɫͬһɫԾŸ䵽мԲϣȻڡ
ɫ˾ȫȻûаʣ
ȫȫ
Щһһı֮˽ȥ
ǡ̫ǲ
ɽңһĽ֮ɫ
ҶЦСӵν۲˴ѪǴֱʣҪ⡰̫ǲҪһ⣬ҪһƣܹתǵһѹأȴҲԹܹɵ⡣
ڳɹһ֮󣬱ҪڲٲһСתɵ֮һᴿתΪ̫⻹꣬ǾŸСף൱ĽҪȫվλܹվӦϣγ⡰ǲ֣
˼壬ּΪǲĶȻ̥߻δġڣഫͨطԷǳ׵ؽһڳε̥ڳ֮ǰͶϴ裬ȥʣȻɾ֮壬̥δ̥֮ǰγϢѭνϰ߳Ȼ˺ʱ޿̵С
ţΪľѷšͨط
ȻֵĹѶ֮ߣǧŲֻڴ˵֮Уٽʮн˼
˼ʣĿ֮ǰֻڴ˵֮ͨطβĪ
һ̣ɽңȫˡ
ܹΧӦԼĺ
еĺô
һЦ⣬ȴмֺڡ
ԼһУһҪҶҽҲᵱڱ¶󷨡
˵طΪȴǳ֮ܲ⣿
ºµԼƱҶҽϲԼղôôأô͵ˣһҪ׷أʧߣȴǴʧˣ
Цúϲ£죬ֺǵҶЦļ򣺡СӣĲֹʵ̫ƱˣͿϣƥĶԹʹһʹᣡ


192 ̹Ȼ
ҶЦ΢ЦҶĳڴ˶л塣
ЦҶﻰǱǣ
˵¶ҲȻ֪ôѡЦĶԹҲӴ˽ᡣлҶ
˵̤꣬ǰһ˫״һվǰһվڷﵰǰЦݣĻŭš
Ȼϵǿ󣬵ȴһֱϡ١
Խǿ壬ԽǼѡ
֮Уɵĳ̶ȺȻҪϲ¥ܹﵽＶĻǿߣָҪ˵ȥͽĸ߶ȡ
ֱ죡
Ҳֻǳνѡ
ɴ˿ɼܹȼĴںεϡ١
ͽȻϣܹԼĵϵ̳ԼȴҲ֪Ҳֻ룬ɹʲһ
һͷСӳһֱɳ׳ҪٵĥѣҪжٻٸԵܹճɳȥ߸߶ȣԼġ
츳Щ˵ǻǱز٣
ȱһɣҪ˶У
һȻ
ˣպյţڳɳһգԳɿա
ǴʵҶЦ˵棬ôԼڵõǲ֮󣬲һļʣͽ˺пܣпܣ൱пܣ
ΪһĸԵ͵Ŀ
ƿ
ӵ
ֻһ룬ͽ͸еԼҪ˷ܵʹȥˡ
ģ
ϣ
ɬЦЦǰգٻڣлλδᣬˡ
˵꣬תȥ
ͣƺһ˲䣬ǧһ㣬·ƺѾ̧Ųȴﻹɫ֮һʱľݷɡ
߶ͬʱ̾Ϣ
һǿߣ䵽˵ز
ɫ֮䲻ֹƣʼ޷ͻƣ壬ȴڵ³ҪһС˵ҪǸҸ⳥
Ȼ⳥Ǳóġ
ջģȴǳˡ
ϵĿڱ緢нĺһ̣˥ȥ
ڵĳֻһˣ
֮󣬽ɫ˼䲻
ƿųԶȥӰüͷ壬ȵ𣡡
תͷơ
̤ǰһе˵ʶȻ˴δཻʹѾõѣҶѴӣֿ֪Ը⵽סһʱ䣿ļį
еϵؿ˿ƣҲ۾Ļ
ãȻһЦлߺ⣬죬ֻǳ¶ˡһ£Ĳٽʲôѡһδ֮·Ծһ˶У
˵꣬תͷȥٲͷ
Ƴ̾һ
ٽʲôѡ
ұˣٽˡһԭ
޶࣬ˣҵΪѹһԭ
ֻ߼֮
ƶã̾Ϣ

ӹչȥҲ鸴ӵ̾˿ĸԣ֪ԼԣͷȴǾܡ
ҲϵǸģοԼֻʱˣͻǸҲֻԼһ۵㡣
ǡ
ҶЦǾ仰ȴ
˫ǰ㻹ƱҪͷΪҪҵĸȫ塣ҶЦ˵
ʱ޶࣬ȻȥҲûʲôôûʲô塣˵
ǣ֮ڣ㻹ǱɡôϣǻҡҶЦ̹ȻⲻЮ󱨣ȴҪİ
Ҽķչʱ䡣
Ǿûиʼ㣡
ң֮󡭡ֻҪ㻹ãδػ
ҶЦ˵
ΪһʱԼ͵ȴֺοࣿ
ܹδһɳ죬ֻһ˿ϣѵͲץסͷʲôһ˭ܴСͷ
һͷˡ
ͻƲ˻ҪǰжԹ˽Ҳ̹Ȼ
䡣
Ҳ̹Ȼ˳
ΪҶٻ꣡
صͷ
ϣҲ̹Ȼ
˿̣֮УҶЦ˵Щ͵ȻɣԼ֪ԼУѾŭ档
ҳĸľô
ãҵϣ
Ҳ⼸һΪҸˣ
վסⰻȻãУĿľ⡣
ػ֮أ
ڣ˭ãಫ


193 
һ֮߶뿪˾󡣻عԵıչڡ
һ·ϣ߸˾ĬĬ
ֱҪֵһ̣̲סһ䣺ҶЦ֮ҶƶΣ
ɽңһȻȣʲôڿɱô
˵ӶȻһ˲ʧӰ٣ҲһԲ١
ƹЦڴЦУӻһŰƮȻߡ

С
λǰǽĴΣҶЦʵ
ۼһȻӣﲻˣҶȻҪ˵ġ
ؼ࣬ѾǰԼˣ֮棬λڴˣȴԵı״п㸲֣֮
ﵱȻΪǵĺӡȻֱ׳˵
ҲǡһЦ
ֻ²װɣλӵֻ»Ҫ൱ʱ䡣ҶЦȻҵǲ֪λʱ侹Ȼ˳ԣ
ҶЦ֮¶֮ȵݣ˵ⶺټʱ䣬ȫȻ˱֮£ĺôߣ˵ȴҪԱʱ䶺ڴˣҪǷأ
ͽϵʱ˳顣
˶Ǹǿ߲٣ʼղ졣
ҳλ޽ĵܵĵط˹ʱ޷ǳʱפ˻⡣һ·ûιм
ǵ汻˶ϣǶǿߣԾδؿӦһΣ
Ͼȴ֮ķ֮Уѷɫ˵ĸ֣̫̫ࡣЩ˶˫ˣδؾ
۱˴˴ھϵǶǿ֪顭
ͽ޽սһǲ֮Ϊ޶֤
һ޳ݣǰǶǿߣԾֻһˣ
ɫЩѿȴȾҶЦġ
λǰ붼벻ĹͿڱöȻǻӭҶЦվֻǷҳеһСʵ޵úܡΪĳЩ˶ϣóܲʵãȡǣλĺˣȴˡ
ҶЦ˵ͣסˡ
˼ԵúܣʲôУҲҲԲˡΪǵԵʶԼĺӣҲȵġ
ͽһ粻
ȻǺ˵õİȫʩֱߵòҪҪģͲݱƺôƬؽ֮УȫͲô
ǵݣôܽⷬ˵Ҫ˵񲻱ãƱ⻰ĺ˵
ȻλһѡﵰѰȣĹŷ˳ҶЦλǰѡڽǴߣҶĳҲûġ
ͽʱһۡ
ǲǴȥʲô
Եװ׷Źô
ҶжϾŵԼҪ೤ʱ䣿ʵָھǲ֮󣿡
ҶЦ۾Ƭ̣ʱ䲻̫ҲֻҪҵʱ䡣
ꡭͬʱ
ʱȷʵ˵˵̡̲
ǻѨ֮УԹŷٻҪʱ˳ȴֻҪꡣ
ѡȻԶ
ǣȴͣġ
Ҫ˵ֻ꣬ðʱ䣬Ҳǲðյġ
ҶЦԣֻԼ˵ҲˣڻСԼĵϵ
ôĴ
һսֻһ˽ǡ
Ǵ˼ھǲĹ֮УƱزжϡ
һжϣǰԵɿգ
ˣһԵѡʮʱ䣬λĺ˾ӵб𡭡ҶЦǺЦλѡٵʮ죬Ȼٴһ·ֻʮʱ䣬ûǿԻסλȫġ
ͽʱһᣬڿҶЦĿ⣬˼ա
ʮбǴϰ꣬Ǹ
ȫʵòã
УǾֻʮ죬ԻסʲôҪСͷôȻȷʵлǵ£ǻҪĺòãľУ
ˣǾͲˡȦһ죬ᣬͻȥ˺󡭡ӾȫȨҶչˡ
ҶЦҲǾᣬ촽ǲס鴤
˵ﻰҶЦղһ治ǹ̬ȷʵǷԱĵĲɽ
ͽǽ˫ӴߣҶЦֻỶϲصĻͣаĲԸ⡣ܻ֮ʱһôҲ¿Եģ˼ȴʾߡ
֣µİСȫȨչˣ
ȫȨ֣ǷͬСɣչ˺ˣӦһչ˲ãԼΣ
⡭⻰ô˵ģ


194 
ҶЦŤҶĳǲԸչλ£ίʵչ˲ܡõʵҲˡиһǺ¡
ͽ翴СҪˣУ˽õĵ̣Цһ㲻õģߵʱȻ㹻
棬̬չÿÿһ˲ţЧأҶЦ֪¶ǵʵ
һڱģһҶҽøۺ񣬿ޣӰȷ߻Ҫȫ
ҶЦһߡ
ҿǰˣ
ûƥʵҲҵ£ҵԴͺˣҪңߣǵ޻ٵһô
ȻαǱҲͲλˣһ轲ڵ档ҶЦǼѡĻôע˫ӵķ̡һڵҪԣŶλȱ
ǸˢҾ͸ǰҶЦɴ಻ˣֱӰԼҵĳνٲȻ˫ƽ
˫ӵѪԵΣǷƿǵһ̣ǳĵһˣǴ׽ˡҶЦָԼı˵Ҳ˵ҡǽ˫׽ˣȶԴλҪ׽Ķࡣ
ҶЦЦЦ֪ڴ˵㣬λθ룿
ͽһСӾĲɽŭ׽Σ׽Ҳǵѵ㻹ܸıʵô
ҶЦаһ૵ѵ治ں𣿡
ֵģͽ¶һЦݣѵҶҽ㣬Ȼ֪ȱʲô𣿡
ҶЦ¶پ˼תʱ⣬ȴǸãʲô£
ҶҽαشװͿķ˸ۣȺǷȱģ˼֮쳾
Ҷҽ˵ʲô΢Цԣǹӳһۣ㣬ǶԵ
Ǳ㼴뿪Ц
뿪֮ǰΪ˱Ҷҽл⣬ҪһЦȻ
ԱͷҪһ
ҶЦĿһһʱͣʲôϲˡùգλġ
ҶЦȫСǣߣҪԼ
ǻʲô
΢һЩòְɣҶЦԾȫڴ
֮ǰĳ᳦Ȼͻ⸱˫ȴҲΪ裬ڵĳˣ˼̻ϢζҪʵʵĽģ嵨Լ˻õԺ˫ӵԣ̫ƫ˲Уֱ̫ҲУֱʵõ״̬
ٺһЦصھ㣬˳ԤףҶ֡
ͻȻһ֣ҶЦǰһ㣬ҶЦûüκηӦֻоһ飬һҲܶˡ
Ӵ˲ƿҶЦ壬ڵ׵׵Ĵɢˡ
ҶЦɽһܶתԪˡ
һӦȫЪˣ
һֻҶЦǵȥϸҶ񡣡

ǰ
Ʈȥ棬˱˴һɣ಻١
Ŀһȵˡ
ͻȻһֻҶЦһһҶЦֱʹ˱һԲһƨϣȣƹԴ˺
ϸԭɵĸһԲ塣
ٵһҶЦ漴һźݺҶЦСϡ
ҶЦ˿һŷת壬Сͻ⣬ôֵĻĳֻ¾Ҫɶˣ˵ľա
ҶЦһߵúƼһĸ߸߷𣬺һӣԶȥ
Ľ״һúãһ࣬ԷһţڼɶҶЦ棬ҶЦƶֹʱתٶ߷˻
һţȷĳ壬ȴҶЦСȴֵ˼֣ĳҪ޶پ룬š䡱һҶЦٴηɳ
˿̵ҶЦһзˣ
Ӧǿзһ˵
ҶЦڿз˰ʱǧٽš
˵Ѿ᣺˭˭ˡ
ƾɶôң
˵Ҫʲô
ѲɾҪң


195 ﾫԪ
Ҫ˵ô߼ţܵʹΣҶү״صϵѵνžȻδؾȴһǿǰģʲôʹĥ¿ѵҶЦݳ裬˫λ磬ôӣڼκβǣǵĺÿɻأǲʱδӻʱͱ
˫ĳС˵ǣǰ·עˣ

ʱ֮󣬽ڲٸ̧ţһסҶЦһ㡣
ҶЦʱоԼܻˣһƿڴ
ֻϧûüõĽڣһ㣬ȴǵţҶЦ죬ֲܶˡ
ĹֱüˣСһһ
ҶЦٶȱһֻǳ״̬Դö˿֡
һ̣
ۣ
һŷɳĳʵİʮ岿λΪ㣬ҶЦз衭
ǰʱ֮󡭡
ҶЦٶȱ
˿̵Ҷүֻת£޴ۣԴ죬ɢ˼ܣµÿһͷٴΣÿһ鼡⣬ٴΣ
ĲλҲٴΣ
ҶЦоԼƺѾˣ
ĥ£ǳܹѵҶӣҲҪ治֧
ŬҪ۾ȴԼƤλöѾ׵һ춼ûˡ
һʱֻоĩ٣·ߺ޼ŭ
ȻΪͷߺޣǿڳ࣬³ԾһڴѪˮĭ
Ҷҽ͸ڴԤףнн񳯡һЦøлǡ
ҶЦŭһĭҸлǣҸлǡһֱлǣҼס˫յĺˣҼסˣ
˵ͻȻסһȴǸоԼ壬ƺʲôطһֲһĸо
ҲЦ߹΢ЦҶҽǱʾл˰Ȼܣ治ģҺı𣬲ζƳԶ
ҶЦоЩԾŵǡ
ǺһЦνлܵôֱӵĺô壬Ȼһһ͸Ķ
ǾǳƴҲҪõĶÿһδһ˿ﾫԪ塣
ӽԺ㽫徫ԪһкôݸһЦȴҪԼպ
ЦЩգգۣǡ
ȴͨ죬ŭصһƾҪĹȥӡ
һͷЦҶŽյĺôԺض
ﾫԪҶЦ¶Ȼһ𣬱ȫ۾˲ʱûԲ
һٵͬʱȻĺô
һˣԭ¼ϡõļòҲôˡ
κѡ񣬱һξôĻôʹʱʱûϵֻҪͺá
ҶЦ壬һ죬ԼҪļ⣬ؽڣʹ֪Է޶⣬ȴǲޱԹ˵λ徫ԪȻһ⣬Ҳίʵǡ̫ˡ
ѵûһЩķʽڸôôҶЦԽת壬ظƣȴԽûɢ˼һ
ͽͬʱ¶һĪЦ⣬ЦĶҶЦǰΣ̲ס̿˵Ǹˣ治ˡ˴ϣȴҪֶΡ
ҶЦԵʱĿ࣬ݺݵһڴѪĭ૵ô˵ΪҺõһ١ʵûиʵʵ塭
׾ͺáλһЦ
ֻҪһ뵽˷֮󣬾ȻҪСӸΪ׽ΪĸԼȲˣλôôԼ˴
Сëȴ
ߣСռǴˣһ٣ͷ֮ޣ
ҶЦ૵ײҴȳ⣬˵ĸŭԡ
˫ȻٵռǵıˣйߣǾͲ꣬ɽˮ꣬ʵǿ֮ȻҪֻ
ȻԶڹ滮
ڵķƻǵĺӺܿҪƿǽӲһǰ˱飡
Ҵ򲻹ǣѵһ򲻹ǣ
֪С˱𣬴絽ô
ޣǾӣҲԵ±£ֱԹӵ͸ˣԹҲˣûֱô


196 

ͽһͷˡ
һذϢҲһ촫¡
׷ɱʮڷҳǻɱɫ֮һñǿƻת죡
ɫ֮еĳ䣬쳾췶ڣҲһ£
۳ûнҲãɫʼǺ쳾ĶڣһκҲĨɱ
ϢһһʱȺ𶯡
ƣһʱ

Ⲩ޽ҳǶԣӰСܶ࣬߶ԷǱ֮أһ֮ǰһĲ¡Առ壬Ҳǲܲʡ
˥ɰܡ
ҶҾھĳ֮󣬿ʼҳǵһΣǲȡֶκܴʽַʼһ·Ųȥȥ
ֻ֮ĴֶΣԾ˳߲
ƽĶֶۣλǺЧġܹ©֮⣬ܽ
ʼЩͷȻҶҾֶΣһɨҶɨ֮󣬾Ҳûκεķˡ
ڵķҳǣҶҾһҶ߾٣
ǻڵǰ״˳죬Ҷƶ˵Ŀٶȹע˳һҶҾϽá
ĸ󻼡
ҶЦ
ʹʱףʹǴȨգҶƶԾζţͬոɵڵ״Բܡ
ԷȻڷҳǳУԼذΧ֮£ȴɽ޿ɺ
ȻʵԾɵ΢ƾҶЦһĴͨû˸ҵλҽϾǿĸ֣Ҳֻһ
ֻҶҾ֮Укö߲㱻ҶЦȹ
ҶƶҪҶЦ͵ҪӦЩˡ
ΪЩ˿ɶǶҶЦйŵ
֤ԣһΥ֣֮
ҶҾڳбһʵ⵱ڴһǿɾĲˣ
ԣҶƶ˾ܶҶЦ޵ģҲǺް취޿κΡ
Ҷƶ˱ȽϷĵǣԾɱִͳ˲֮⣬κ˶Ӵ
ͬǳвõŲŻ򿪡
õ͸¶һϢҾҲ£Ҳ鷳ǰôôҵ£ҵһĶֵأԼܾӹ죡
ҶҾѸ׳Ҷƶ־ʱ˺ֵֹܶ顣
ȡ
ҳһЩȽҵߣϰߣĿĵȻұƣΪ㣬Ǻ쳾ز֮㡣
־֮㣬Ҫ󲻸ߣ鷿ңӡ
˵ǸϳƷ
νϡΪ󣬷֮Ȼ־֮㣬Ψݣвǿʵˣܸõӵеˡ
Ҷƶ˸պþˣܸɴؽסĵطʰһ޴ĳλһССͤͤȷʵСҲֻһ˴ѡ
ȻռҶƶˣǴ´ģ
У㰲㡣
Ҷƶÿܻоܺá
ǡ֪һ쿪ʼȻط֣Լһ첻һ죬ﵽԭ֮·֡
еľĿһһ룬ȱôҪĸƷȲŹأ
ҶƶǲȻŭ˭͵ҵľ㣿
һ߰ʮĴ㣬ôϢʧ
ﵽôľ㣬ǼƷ㣬Ƿһһٸңֻ»ҪмУ
˵㡣
ھмС
ĺöһһ룬Ҷƶۣͬ
ʵֺֹҶƶҳ֮УлžˣȻ֣ԼĻľˡ
͵ٷҳǣĿ㣡
˵ϡ
ҶƶʧԾΪҶƶ˿һ߰ʮĴ㣬ϢʧҪǷ˵أʵƶ˹ӻľʧˣһʧһ룬ĿļƷ㱻ԣԷʵͨøߵʲôزܴﵽЧأ˵似̾Ϊֹ
͵˭ģ
˾ʧ֮⣬һֵͬ
ҳǷΧڣٷǴëķޣ⣬ȫһήҡʳʣ˯иɴֱġ
ͨûг״
мڴˣһλʥʹʿԼ֪ʲôԭȥĲʬ壬Ȼ֣ڵ֪ΪʲôʧˣڵԴȪʧȥڵޣעԳûڵ޻͵ͬʧȥߣֻһήң
Ϣȥ֮󣬺ܶȻҲ׷׿ʼԼѾȥİʬ壬֡ڵĶûˣ
֤ҳΪ֮䶯һ¡
ټ޵˭


197 
Ҷ⣬Ҳ˼⡣
ȴûκ˿Ը𰸣ͷͷ
ڴ£ҶƶǱȻңԾ
ӼдǼֻѶĽһֻʣȫûˡ
ҵǣһë֮⣬Ƥһûˣ⼸ֻչ鴦Զ
Ҷƶ˼״ɵۡ
ɷһݣΪר˾ϢݣҪ߼ص㣬ٶȿ죬ǿҪǿ˼ϼص֮⣬ʵǲ۳ڿеʱ򣬺ݸ棬ģҲƾ豾٣뿪ġ󡱶ֿɲǰ׽еģ
ǰʲô״ֻͬʱߵʵҷһߣٶȱѾ̾Ϊֹͬʱ׽ֻɸ׽һֻԶڽ֮¶ȥĩڣץˣƤ޹Ƕ⣡
ֻڵҶƶû鿼Щ׽ǣûˣôͼأ
֮˵ҶƶֻңǸߵεң½
ĳһ죬ҳͻȻһ
˭͵ҵݣ
ֻһȴֱҳǣȻһƾ죬˻߸˵ݣ
ΪˣһֵĻȻһǳ߶֮һľΪʥУ
ϼȻҲʧˣʧ˾ʥƷҩݡ
ҩ൹ûʲô̫ã޳ݣЧȴȫһġԽ곤ݣ޵þԽ
Ϊʥʧݣ֮еʥƷѾʮ֮ã
ͷ֪ΪʥΪѵʱ
ʮݣЧͬǱֻ޳ˣصϵϵϵؼģޱѾʥޣֻҪ£Ҳһλף
ǵͽ޳Եһƽƣҡһ׳ΪλֻΪ£߽޳ˣû׼Ϊޣ
Ϊޣ
ǿɾǿȼĳˣ
ݣΪʥʥƷݣ˵һ޼֮壬˵ĿУ
˲ĪʧʮѪˮΪʥܲŭڡ
Ӵ˲ʱҳǣĵҵĳСȻޣͬɸһ㣬ҳ˺üΣµûзŹȴʲôûз֣׷ͽ޹
һ֮󡭡
ɽңŭ˭˭͵ҵĵ٣
һ졭
ƣҵ¹⻨أ

Լİʧԣչ޵ļޣȺȻҪǰξŴǿѲ֮ϣȻܵļ֮£ʲô˿Ҳû֡
׵ǣ»ڲϱԣЩֱӾĿ֮²ɣ񻰡
һ֮ҳǵľ㣬ȫһҲʣˣ
ֻ£صˮ
ͬһУҳǵķޣҲϤһɸɾ
Ŀǰ㻹ȷȴȷϾһһصë̫˵ˣ
Ȼ󡭡ȻŸֲ״ȥ
ͲֻǾڸ꣬ҳǵĵرĻûģġֱӾͳͳʧ
ֹڴˣȻ㲻øֲƣ͵Ծûܹץûܲκζߣκһ˿ͱȽϿֲˡ
߶棬ϸ߸һ˶棬һͷߣ
߸һ⣬ȫưͿÿ˳ԵưͿֹһΣ
״Ȼ֮⣬ȴ֮Уƾλݵλң϶ö࣬ĺöĳعˣ֮е£
ҳǲ֪ǵʲôݽɫ㷺ҲˣԵֶΣίʵ̾Ϊֹɽңźӣüͷǵ걻Ϊһ͵͵֮Ҳ϶ûȱ£ܹеһΣ˵ǳ䲻⣬ǲֹһε֣ȴǡ
ش綪ʲôƺЩֻ
ҵĶԪ岻ˡɽңɫںڣжҲûˡǰųɹķҲˣڵˡʮͨ绨ҲɣЩʧҲˣ˽˼ΪϲһӣҲƾʧģһƷ㡭Ϲȫûˣһû£Ҳ̫ˣνžŲһģ
ڳſڽࡣ
شһֱ죬û뵽Ȼʧȷʵеذ


198 ߵС
ش硭Ҳò˵䡣ƶ·۾ĶҲ޿ɺǣǡһֱЯİӣƷ㡭ЩȻҲȫûˣҲ̫˵ȥˣҶƶСӵļƷ㣬һҲͲٽƷ㣬һҪǧľƾʧһû¡
˵ǿܲܣƶ·ֱǡ˼
ɽңͺͮͮɲǼɫ༥ôûˣʲô취һֻ֪ЦңѵǼû˵ץˣҲץֻҪпˣұ֤ٲ˵һ䣬䣬Ȿô
ֵ˳һš
ǳ˰죬ȴҲֻܽƹһ̾Ϣ
ԴΪʮԽʲôʱ£
ԼƤ£ҪĿĶ˵ûûˡ
Լʶ۾䣬ͳͳûа
¾˵ȥ¶ûм˻ţ
Ϊ٣ϳ֣ɱǻ߻һ㣬ҪϢĴ߸ܼط֮͵ЩҲǾԲܣ
ǡүһƣ޷⣡
Ψһֵҵ飬޷飬òƸһˡ
֮Իжϴ¸һ䣬ȴΪҳǣ˵ʵҲûаˮˡ
ʵҪ˵Ҳ˾һ㷢ֶûеġ
˵
ɽңüԼ濴һֻ˵СèģСģ˵Ҽ
ʵ˴ֶмֻȴɰСè䡣
˭ҲûϣӲ𡭡
һֻСè䡭һֻֻðƴССè䡭ôܸôֲʧ԰Ϲϵ
ˣм쳣ƾͲֻСè䣬һֻƴСӥ˵ҲһֻӥѣȴֵôС֣
ҲܹŴѶѡԼֻòƶֻ
ȫذ

һգϣͷָղûߵҶЦ߽޾ռ䡣
ɲÿһߵĳ
ءҵģ
ҵģ
ءǱǸҵģ
˵˵ƾɶ˵ģ
أȻô˵Щȫҵˣ
ϴҴˣġ
ţοЩЩЩˡ
ллϴ̫ˣ̫˧ˣ̫

ҶЦ״ЩΡ
һֻƴСèһֻȸСӥN֮ǰ˵ķߣ
צץһǱ߾ʾóһ
һèһӥƨɺ棬ѾѻɽӦǶѻʤɽ
ҶЦ۾ֱһͻȻôĺö
ͷȻһɻЩǴģòơԼռûЩɡ
ȣ
ҶЦһԣԼ١
һЧͼӰһ㣬ڷߵһèһӥͻȻ䡰һҷֿܣָһ˲㼴ûӰӣֻһѶѵʡ
漴
ءˣΪǡ
ˣΪʧˣԭϴ󡭡
˵ɣʲôʾڲͬ
һӰȻ֣һͷҶЦԴ϶ȥĴֺãСӥҲɹվҶЦϣСԴҶЦϲȥȡ
ڣǼ鼴
ҶЦ״ؿһ˵ɶˣЩ˳ģ
ҶЦλƷ֪ӥԭǶ൥֣ȴǽ߳īߺڣĳڻˣһ˳֣Ѿ˻
Ȼ˳òƸʵҲûɶģ
һèһӥһ֧֧ᣬŶ䣬˳ſҶЦϸϸء
͵ģҶЦ𾪵õһ
Ȼղòƶ˵о˶壬թˣȴû뵽ЩȻ͵ãȻˣôʣ͵ģʽ治Ū
ء
ʦ͵õģ
ء
͵˶٣

ȫҶЦһӾ͵Բˡ
ء
˵ҳѾûܿ۵ĶˣöȫûˣҶЦˡ

ҵġ
״̬֮ҶЦһס˶ͷ
תͷȴǱߡʮ۽Χٷôľ㣬Եòֺ
ʲôЩ۽ȻѾ۽ֵˣﵽں쳾ҲǵͽޣڳԵǼأòƣҲǾ㣿
ôľѵǾƷ㣿


199 ûա뵰Ե
ҵģλ׵۽߾ȻƷ㣬ﻹˣ
ôôǻأҶЦͷѣĲӦ֮ľˡ
ЩԵõĵý
ЩоӦ֮ණ߱ʶȶһ޷𻵵ĵرȴô
ڿռﵱȻû£һֱڿռʲôã
ҶЦȫ
ҲŽ⿪һĽ찡Ȼ͸ɳô£
еЩа㷲Ʒ
ȫĶӵЩˣһ֣鷳

ҶЦһָͷݺݵڶͷϣֱӵùһڵϷ˸һԹĿҶЦǰԹ˵
һָͷȴֽСӥų죬˵ϣתĽС
͵ҲûؾͲܽһ㷽ʽô

ҶЦһɸ֡СӥԴѵ
ЩȫûˣҶЦһ֣նĿ˵
أ

һ̣һһèһӥֳһš
ʵ̫ˣæǰææôʱ䣬˵ûվûˣ⻹ûˣ
ôôһˣǵģ
ա
ҶЦֶСӥòĶͳͳûա
ܴܴһѣ
ܵԣһʳƸõκۺ죡
;ԣҶЦλˣԾɻڲҰܵһ
ֻҶЦλʵںܵ͵ˣԴ˿Ϊ裬Ϊ٣ʼջNʹŴռ֮СһèһӥõõĶϾǣԼվռͷǣ
ģ֪㣬֪֣߳
һ˵ˣŵǲ֣ҪҪˣǻܲңȫùˣʵ϶ȵߣջ
д˲ĳ˵ĺܵͣ
һڵڵһʱͱͽӥϷֵøɸɾ
ڵȻǽӥֵø࣬ռ߳ɣ֮ĽҪǶȻ̰İССܻͦȻڵеĸ߼ɫѱϤߣȷʵǽӥռ˴ͷȷʵʵ
ͬԲ϶һ㣬̺ڼʮ۽߲εĿУôһѵڵȥ
ҶЦĿɿڴ
һֻƴСèһϴڵһȥν߸󣬴ҲͲˡȻһһһ
ѭĹӾһʲôӾأ
̫Υˣ
һߣһֻȸССӥСһţһſйܹôڵͬûˡ
ȻͬӾӥԭ˶󣬴˼ֻͻ弫֮һɱʱڣ̳ԣʵ򲢲εףٲγ棬ǶһֱôƴС̿һ޺̳ͣ˸ͷڵզôײأ̫ɶˡ
ҶЦרעŶѩ׵СƤһĺɡ
ССβܳԵôĶأ
ѵĶһռ䣬ࣿ

޾ռڣǰӿȵٺХš
Կ籩꣬к֮Ƴˢ˫
ȻҪǷѰڣⷽԲǧﷶΧڵΧڵͲľȫ촷ۣҲδܹ
ȻҶЦȴȫѷ⡣
޾ռԳϵ洢֮⣬ҶЦ˼֮ؿֵĺλãĿǰѸٵʱڣʱֶһһȺһԣɵԿֲνĺҪֶں쳾ԣȴֲʲôţһë̫һڶ㲻ϣͬģ˫ķǧؽ쳾ԣȴ΢Ƿȱ߲һռ;֡޾ռǡþṩⷽԮý飡
޾ռ˫ʱ̱Χˢ֮У
ʵֹǵ㣬޾ռ乥汾Դ֮
ǾͽҲԸ㲻ԴԴأͽŻӦҶЦϧ˫ĵһ׽Ȩ
ﵰ˫Ѿ˼˵ı仯
ҶЦڵƹ¹עعӵ˫УСڷڣһЩԴԱܵĶһһĻŲ
ţӦ䶯
ҶЦĵЩ˷ˣЩɣԼǲ뵰Եء
ǰǵ֣δƿ֮ǰĶ˵ľ飬ƵʲôĻΣһŽٵʬ죬ٷֳ֣
ֽҪƿǶˡ
ֻǲ֪ջһʲô̬ǡһСһСǡСӤ


200 㲻ʸ
Ȼ˫֣Ҳ˵˻ǵıֻأ
һδ֪

ҶЦ˳˿ռ䣬ǰķ䣬ϻ״̬
ǧΪԪ޼һͦʬӲд
Ԫ޼ĸԴͷǸ߲ΪƿͻƣڽʱͻƿԪᱩﵽǿߵĳ̶ȣ
˿̣λĳõˮӿ塣
ӣǰͽǰǷˣ緢˵ʿգĿ࿴
ҶЦ߲ŸսѾˣ۾۾棬⣬΢΢һЦˡ
ƽУ˼ζ
ҶЦССͣȾ춯ص飬ɾͣ䱾ǡÿһ˲ĿΪ֮̾
ǰ⼸оΣҶЦЦЦȫޱܻʵ
ԭֹ۵״ҪǿһЩôҲ벻ﾹôŨرԴ֮ϲϣҵѾȫָյǰӵĽȥҼпڰ֮ڣͻ֮ǰһֱͣͲǰ񹦵ڰ˲㣬ʽ̤벻Ķ徳磡
֮УѹֲסĿϲ
ԭΪԼֻˣȴȻֻҪûڣֻҪԼ֮ôԼ⣬ǿӭжģ
ֻҪͻڰ˲ƿԼľôӵʮԪ
ٶȻص쳾춥ǿ֮У
⣬ϲ¡
ֻҪǸˣֻҪܻţҪġ
ʹǳͷǿߣҲһ
Ӧ˵Ķǿߣһǰ֮ˣӵϧӵĲ
ǰ֪кҪ£ʵ
ҶЦЦЦֱ˵˵ǰǾڲûõóĴԣҪ㡭Ǿ󣡡
ֳζɫĵصҼҵ֮Уֻǲ֪Ҫҳθʲôְأ
ҶЦֱ˵ܻΣ
ܻһΪϯءͷַʽҲܸˣҸղ˵֮
ҶЦǺһЦǰдһʣΪ֮λ뵽֮£
ɫһࣺ˵ʵʼеҪЮҡǻҺʧ
ҶЦЦЦ϶ˣв㣬ֻԼῴԼ
һ£ͻȻЦ
ĵЦţҡͷҳݺ£;ʮ£ȻվļߴȻҴ۷壬ҲһʱգһʮСС꣬ڰظ˵Ҽ֯Ӵ֮һ˵ĺҲ޾ӣΪұ˱˵¡
ҶЦ˵ţĿ
ڴ֮ǰ֪Լֻٻʱ˸ô˵Ҳԥġһ
Ǵ˿ҷоȻ˳£Ķܸ˵ġû֮ǰĵױѾǳеҪ治֪ʲô̬
ҡͷԼԼʲôˡ
ҶЦ΢Цţף治ô׵ģ
һЦȻãˣҼ֮Ƕ֣׸ԣһҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󾡹ܵǣҶЦʵ
ְܻλҶȴЩ̫ˡĿ⾼
ţǰǷˣְܻλھ֮£ִλ˵һ֮£֮ϣǳǰʵڲԸʹְҲɳαǰΨһϯϣҲɸһЩҶЦԽ͵
ǺЦȻ֪ܻȨְܸ߶ȣȷʵһ֮µλãΪӦ飬Ϊ֮Ӧ֮⣬ҶνϲȫûȤô˵ھƶ֮£λλãΪֹһûȥȴ֪ҳǷԳΪһأ
ҶЦܻ֮λڳΪ֮һ
صͷǡ
ҶЦһ£ȻҡͷУ
ɶУһӵɴ۾ΪϳɾȴҲζû뵽ʵľ󣬾ȻܾԼһôľܾʶıܷʣΪʲô
ɺܼ򵥣ڻʸ񡣡ҶЦ


201 Դ
Ҳʸ񣿡ɴ۾ɣ̲סоһѣ
˸ȥ׵ж˲ж߰Ȼɫ֮һĳ𣬶ʸΪ֮һ
һ˵ǾڿǸûд򿴼ҵĹؼʱԸǣ׵ѩ̿Ҳ˵㶼Ӧһ֮òã
ʵ֮裬νȫȻȹƣӲʵʡҶЦ΢Цһ£Ծ͸˵һ㣬νھѳɵǸʱ򣬲Żʽְλڴ֮ǰֻһĿꡣ
νʸ񣬷ָϵǰΪۣʵϣеκ˶ʸ˵Ϊ֮һֻᡭÿԼȥȡҶЦЦţʵϣھǧ˵Ŀ⣬ȫעĿλãִ꣬нʮФõսµÿһˡҶڶš
Ǹҳȥ˵Ҫ֮һ仰ÿһˣ˳Ӧһ䣺ţҲҪ֮һһŬɣ²ΪжߣҲȨ
Ҳķ
ǴҵΣ
˹ͬΣ
ҪǸλãΪȻ룬ȴΨһ룬һ仰ɳ֮£
˵ʸ񻹲ԶԶҶЦ侲Ŀ⿴ų𣺡ԣ֮λܸ㡣Ҫôʹܻʼ𡭡Ҫô͵û˵
ҶЦ̬ȶȻҼκεò
Դ̬Щίζ
˭ɫ֮еĳ𰡣
ҿɲһ˰
ǵ˹󣬷Ƹ¥֯˵ҪһλԭλˣҲøóǼɻýҵһ㹩
ֻС֯ľҪһλþôѾءҲûʸҲûʸ񡭡
ܻЩ۵죺бְλšǹ֣
ҶЦ϶ĵа
ʲôְλһ
ʶΪҶЦˣǸԼһܶеλã
һȱһܼҡҶЦ΢΢һЦʵڲܻҲܼңλõɶȸߣƬؽ绹ûаңνܼҾһΣҶøʲôùܣæԼ¾ͺã
Ȼŭһɸߣ޺úڵģȻҪұū͡
û˵һҪҵĹܼҰҲѡܻǾͲҵūͣҵֵˣҶЦٺһЦǰģֻ·ѡ񡣡
ѡ񡭡
ҶЦ΢ЦҪӢƯϺݺݴһȭ
һһҲ֮
ô˵ѡĸֵģһֻ·һūͣһֵܡ
ȻԻ˵ʲôѡ
ã
˵ǵͨ죬ãصشһͬ˰̵Ĺһ㣬˵ѡ񡭡Ҿѡܻɡ
ҶЦһ֣ȻǶѡ񣬾Ӣôڴ˽˻ӭܻʽ룡
˵ţһϵ֣޵ŶԺ󣬳ȻѡǶôӢ
ûѪҶЦϡ
ʲôӢ
ūͺ֮ѡ񣬿κγӵ˶ѡ£ѡūͣ
Ҳֵÿ佱
Ȼ֪˿һλڸҶЦ˺ƣ
ŭŭɶŭأʲô˼ôôĿŵƸܼңںεأĹܼʲô˶ô֪һϸĹܼҪأǿݵλľ֣û㹻ݱŷּʶΪܹεôǰզóȻŵôҪĵλأҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶЦɵ㶵ǵķʵóȻŵҪλãݵλľ֣֪˵ʲôô
أŭʢʲô˵ʲô˵òã˵֪ûУ
ҶЦеûӦ˵ѹͲ֪ķӦôôȻٽ˼֣Ҫ˵˵Ҵò
ҶЦ̣ŭԼˣҪ֪ڰйܼҵȨޣǿԹС΢һ˿һǲģŽǵԴŶ࣬ϻܸʲôܣ覣ô
ҶЦˣԼ˺Ƶԭ򣬾Ǹе˳ĵλвҿⶼĸİҲ̫ˮ׼˰ɣ
ȻǳԴˡ
ֻһֻèܼң


202 ܻλ
ȴˣҪ֪ܼ֮λɲܹŵģܼҾֻһ֮壬үñƣһԴʵʼߣϼһʶ죬ô͸ôøأϼһݱһᣬָʵͻҲô£Ĳ㵱ܼңԺٲôˣ
ҶЦʶʶҡҡԴûپ˺Դ֮󣬵ûжκҪԷΪԼܼҵ룡
Ҳ֪ʵһľ
һݹܼҵǰûϧ֮׷ĪʹĪڴˣܹһһεĻᣬһһ˵Ը⡱
ҪԼϼһޣϣǡԶ
˼ʻ֪Լʲôĳ𣬿ҶЦ֣أ˰죬֣ҶЦһգҧгݣӽԺ
ҶЦɫұ֤ѡ˵ʵҲ˵һʵҲŻ㣬ӦңһʵĻᣬںʵʱ˾󣡶ңҲǵգҿԶԣҳļǮԱ֮κһһҪߡ
ҶЦЦе˵ܻôߵְλ
ǰƤЦⲻһΪֻʥԪƷְܻ֯λ
ҶЦЦЦźߣϻʵδ뵱壬治
ʱ̲סһĸо
СӵƺЩ⣬ϻʲôղϻϵص˵
ܻҶЦתͻȻͷȸû˳ν
ʲô£ˣƵ˵
ţھȱ٣ԣȻְܻܻ֮⣬Ҫְ񡣡ҶЦܻξܼһְ
˵꣬ҶЦһûӰ
ҡĿɿڴĿҶЦʧĵط˰˵һ֣ݣ
鲻Լôѡܻ͹ܼҵְ񣬶Լεġ
ѡ˹ܼңͼܻѡܻͼιܼҡ
쵰ҪѹեҰҲҸһˣһ²ᡣ
ȴ֪νܼҲģзֱ໹ǼҲ֮Ĳ죡
һЦ˻ĿӦ䣬ҶЦ˽˹ܼҺ;Ĺܼǿ£бʵֻҪ˵˽˹ܼңǾͲҵ£ĹܼңֻԾȨ޺ͿʹõԴ޵úܣգ

ڶ죬ܻʽʽ֮оС
ְλԼƽˣֺߡ
ܻнִ꣬
ھ֮£еͷ
һôʲôΪȻҲҺҳУ⻹ô
һ֡ˡĸоĥ
ۿɫ֮еĳһڷɽɽʥԪƷнһʥԪƷĴɱֲꡭ˲ˡ
ݰ
нͲλͻȻսͬҲЩɫƣһһͰڳһ֮һţƵУ˭أߣ˭ţƣҪ֪֮
ְʽ֮󣬳𷢱Լĵһݾְ˵СһǣǴӴԺҪһԷܻαܼңܶ졭ţҲ˵ԺҵΪԴ䣬ȫ涨˭Ҫ겻ɵģ˵þҪһ±ֶܻˣҶǳˣл˵ͷʵڻҿɵȥûУ
ⷬһ˶ŭĿӡ
ϼһ˵ʲôߣ
ξˣ硭˭أ
ǵҪſֶΣ
ڹȷʵ˵ãһξͳɹĵ˾ˣһ
ҶЦһֻ۱һֻۡ
ĿǰΪòƻԾ룬ֻҪֳôôȥ
ˣûеѪԣô£
óȥɡ
˽˳֮ºҶЦ˳һ¾ǰ֣Ȼ֣ԼǰƿصʵȻѾǺǿ˵ˡ
׿н߲㲻㣻⻹Ϊβ˶ľλʥԪ֣ýΪʥߺϹʮˡ
⣬н̫ݿɶΪҲʥԪƷн֮£ʵӵΪһֱڲ֮䣬ηдΪ飡
ҪϾЦҶЦˣھӵʥ֣ʮ߸ˣ
ԪƷϸ֣ʮˡ
ʣµ֣ΪͣҲԪƷϡ
ǧ˵Ĺģ
ίʵѾ˵һɴˡ
ȻʵѾ㹻ƺʱȥˡ


203 һ²
ʽ涨һ¡ҶЦִܻѡִ֣ãӵжʮ˺òΪڣȨ޶
սãнѡ֣Ϊˡ
ʮþ֡
Ĺܣȷÿһ˶лĿռ䣬ԣŬ
ҶЦܼ򵥵ؾǰ¼ܹ˵һ£㼴ֲˡ
һʮõִֿˡҶЦյֳҪϸĵ֮⣬ȷ֮ʱҪбȻͶЧ֮˳κ⣬ҪеΡ
λеĺʹ࣬ѴңҪε
Խһ֮ʮýݹ̣ʵʽÿλ˳򡣡
ڿʼʮõĴǣ޽
ÿ֣ó֮ãʣִóǿʵÿһγȥɱо÷汨÷ֻ豣¼òʮжڣΨڷϮʱſԮ
⣬ھ֮һӲҪ㻹ûְ֮ǰ˾ִڼ䲻аۿۣΥ󣡡
ҶЦ˵ܸ꣬ɴľԶȥȫˮ
ֻҶЦ߸ո뿪֮էȻһըҲǵĺȫɧ
Ҫʼˣ
ҵʱˣ
׼ңûйزܳɷԲȫͣ㣡һŭȫܻѡ֡
ƾʲôȣнŭĿӡ
һô߽ߣǵɳѡȵ֮Լʲô
˵оףսؽֻҪԼͺãô˵ôԡ𲻻ŤŤӣǧ˵Ҳǹƽᣬһܣȣ֪
һ޳ܵϻнĿࡣ
ȻǱĳ޳֮ܶ˵Ļ޳ܵˣ
ȻߣȴҲ֪ԼµɫȽƻһңɼľ롣
򣬱ǿԤģ
ʹ򣡡˵ķӦһ¡
ɱ˴£Ҳܱ֪򲻹ҲҪ֪ж
ҶЦĿ֮ı䣡
нͲǾϵ۷֣ϳڳ¡ȴֻһ仰ݡ
ɨҶ
̸Ͳñݣ˵Ϸ̧ͯ٣
˰ܵúѸ١
ǳнͲóѹ׵ľǸûгеأ
ΪͻʥԪƷ۷壬ʥԪƷн侫õĺڷİԵǶϳȫ޷أһָƣһͿأ
공սƺɽֵ֮һΪʥԪƷȻһ似ĵԪһλʥԪƷǿߵľϳȴȫ޴Ӻͬһָƣ
ۼ֤վĲʵҶЦ촽һ鴤
ҶЦΪͻʥԪ֮Ĺ۲춴Ϥ֮ǰԪȫ͸ʥԪߵһе̣۶κʥԪǿߣҲսʤ֮ۼ֤ǿЩ΢ʵ֮ޱԼޱȾɥ
ԼѾûд˵ǵǿ֮еߣߵʵѾ˿ֲôЩǿߣһָÿֲʲôز
֮Ĳнһ˼ս˲ûа⣬ûа㲻
Ӧˣûʲô˵ġ
˶ϳȻսʤ֮ǲĲ˼顣
һսòнǾ˵ȣǰȻһȫµĸ߶ȣոµľ硣
ȫµ۵㣬˶ԣش󡣡
ҶЦ΢΢Цš
ǴǰĿ꣡
ǰΨĿǰУǿ֮ġ
ҶЦս̸һΣȻڳ֮

ϣһ²⣬ϲߴͽ̡ҶЦ΢Ц˵
ҪʴߡߵоǰɣٺһЦҶЦһֶۻȻ
ǡҶЦûоò˼Կʵʥϵо磬ûκؼءȻ쳾죬ȴʥϵĴߡߡ
ҶЦʲôֻӦ˵Щ˴һʲôľ磿
ҶЦ档
˵˵㵱ǰ֪֪е߲ΡЩȤķʵ
֪ʥ֮ϵо硢߲Σмָ˵ʥ˼𼶣ʥϼԼ޼֮˵죬࡭Ǻǡ˵ҶЦҲЦȴûһȷĳν˵߹ϵͳһν


204 ֻһ
ԹһЦ漴ȴҲ˼òŵҸ˵ҶҲ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼ᲻еʧأ
ҶЦһ㶣Ȼ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼ˼˵Ȼ侳ƿȴԾ޷Լ˼ô
һĴȣ˵޹Ȼˣ˵ҵȥˣҿɲǿԽ磬Ϊʵֱܾ磻ԼȴԾԳ׸һʲôľ硣
ٳƬ̣ŵҲΨ־֮еĴߣܹ󡭡ǣڵĽλʲôأ
Ȼڵǰľˣۺ֪²ƶϣҲмָĵãҿӦ˵ʥϵ˵ʥ֮ϴ´мλֻе⼸λһ֮ԣǸҵ֪ӲԻֳԱ֤ȫ棬ȻԶԶ̸ڡ
ڴˣһΣֻҵ֪ҲǴ˵⣬Ǿǡʥ֮󣬻г㣬Ĳ㾳硣
ɫЩ㯣ڸ߲Ρ֮ϻбľ磬ľѾǲں쳾߷ˡ
ҶЦͷ˵Ըꡣ
ʥϵһ㾳磬ǳһֺ쾳磬ʥǿһȫѪ壬ƺͻ֮ʱõһɱУ»
һɱ䣬൱һˣͻȻϻܻͯݵǿ״̬
ӵеԪʥ۷ʮȻָԪǼԪˣս͸֧ûκθ״Ӱޡٷ˭ܹ治ЩӰ죿
ԣνĳҲ־ĳΪȻԽ˾磬פ˼䣬ȴǿԳЩɬЦЦԳ˵ͱ˵Ұɣұǳ۷ˮ׼֮ԾɲܿԽ𾳣Ծɻһغ߾Ȫ
ҶЦͷ˵úˡ
ţ֮һĲ𾳣Ϊ˾߱Ĳϲ𣬶֮ǰ߶磬ڲ𾳺ڵߣ֮˸ѾԽ˲𾳵ĽޣΪ㾳ߣЩȴû֤ҳҵ֪룬Զۡ
״жϣһﲻ𾳣㲻ԪνԪԴ𾭵ʹ屻٣Ҳֻ⣬ѰһϵǣֻҪоվҹǱޣеΪ޻أʧ
ֻ֮Ҫߵ岻ҪҹԪȻҲͲôҪ
ȥ壬˱ͬǿǿ˺飬֮߱⣬ԼռԻ֮УȼΪǲġ
Ϊ𣬿νʵ
˼ʳ¶㽺һ˿ŨŨĶ־ζ
ڲ֮ϵľ磬㾳һ磬ͬ٣ͬ٣㲻࣡Ĺâ쳾ؽڣ㾳ߡ
ƺܼѵ˰죬ҲԲʮˣ
ֻƬֺ̣ܿĸĿڣֻ˶ѣ
ʮˡ
ֻˡ
ҶЦһ𣬵巽ۣҶ
¶𾴵ɫǵģȻ˱ˣͬ˾磬ֻЩ֮Уã̤硭УҲᳬʮ֪ܹ֮ȶģֻˣ
ҶЦֻоؿƺй̵Ķڷӿ
أ巽ۡҶ˭˾ˣҶЦʵ
ν𾳡ϸ˵һ徳硣һ㣬ǴҹϡǵˣܹġһУ޵֣ҶҲҪΪ֮׳Ƴġô𡣡
Ͼ£ǿ֮䣬ɾߣֻһҲֻһ
˵˿Աȼ磬Ψ𣡡
Уǳ򣬵̫ȴֻһδغǡ֮Уȴˣ
ˡҶЦĸ֣˵÷ǳ
㣬
Ĳ㾳磬Ȼδͳһ֪Ĳξ磬ѾǾ󲿷˵ʲôķ෽Ҷڶ֮ϵ֪Ҳ˶ѡ
ЩѾ㹻ˡҶЦĵͷ


205 
ССѾӵʥƷΪΪʵѾǼ˵ܿɹ󡣡ҶЦϷݺôܹ꣬ȼίʵ޼ˡ
ҶЦЦЦôʵҺƽ
һЦ˿̫ǫˡڵʵ䡭֣ҶЦļ򣬳Ӧǲ
˵ͻȻ͵һסˣ
ֻ۾һǿ͹ۿжơ
ôˣҶЦʵǸʲôҲ˵ʲôȻǫȾαôô
ô
ô
㡭ʵ䣬ʮꣿһͬһ㣬ʵ
֮Уȫǲš
˵Կˣͳʮ˺òãҶЦĻó˿Ҿ˵أô
ڵ䣬Ӧǡʮ롣ҶЦ΢Цһ£ôͲʮأ㺰ôΣǲǡ
ϼҵس鴤һ¡һ̣е𾪼ֱǷ
㿴ССҲͣʱ䲻ĨɱҶЦ
˵СС˵Ĳһ˼òáЩᡣ
Ȼڴ֮УΪϼѵһûͨһЩطӻĺۼʱر֮ʱǹ֮
˶һ־ͳ˿ֵһ˵ʵʮˣ࿴ȴֻʮСӡ
״̬٪壬Ӳвǡһط
߿ߵͣԳ֮ʱΪǣ֮Ϊ㣬ҶЦʵͣҲǰҶЦʵʱ򣬷ſʼֱҶפǰҶЦԲԪϴ裬;ͻͽһǧȻԴ˼㣬ҶЦֹʮʮ궼ûУ
ڳҶЦڿȻῡʣԾɲѷϻͯط;
۴ʵΪ裬׿ҽǻۣЩͳͳҪʱۻǸղֽӴҶЦǰ˵仹ʮ꣬ѿʧ
ҶЦǶǵĽͣȴֽһ֤ʵ˳ԭжϡһȻһֻǻ˶ʮ룡
ʵ䵱Ͳʮ꣡
⡭
Ľۣа볤ٰ벻𾳣ǧ굱ɰ׽㾳ڣʱ䶼˵ˣ
ԼƶϴһԼ뷨Լʮνǲ֪˲زǰҶʹεľžޣɷȴδؾͼպ統ǰ
Ȼֻ𶼲֪ĵȴеҶЦĽֻ»ԼƲһ㣬ǰδеĽȣ۷壡
ޡ۾ѵ㡭ѵ㾹ֲɣ
Ҳֿ϶ҶЦһۣô˧ôӢô
Ȼ˵̫ǳ֮еб˧ģӢġ
ǣȴԾûжʮʥƷ

ģ˰ɣ
ôģ𼸺ͣܵʳ⣬û취ʵ̫ˣԾԼҲǾţ񹦶Դ̫̣Լ᳤ʱڳ֮ǽҶЦȽϣȴԵظоԼٶȼֱøһͷײˡ
ôģѧǱаҶЦ̾һ֮·Уרһ⣬δǰ½ʿеļ裬֮챾ʿʹĵĲףÿÿҹλء
סȴס˵½ġ𳹵״ˣ
һ̣ŵ˵Ӽɳۿ֮⣡
ҶЦɵĴֻ̼˵Ǵʵ̫̫࣬Ƶ̫ܼˣ
ҶЦĳĳĺˣĳɾȻ̫̫죬̫˼ˣϾпҵһٳɵɡ
ʲôһﾹȻ˵ʵǴ½ģ
Ҳ˵ûκε̺
˵½ĽƺԪмиһԪȻʥԪС̥Ϳʼ԰Сʮ㣬仹ʮ꣬Ҳ˵϶Ǵ̥Ϳʼģ½ģôģܽ⣿
⡭



206 ţȶ
ʵҲ޹ֳ⣬ȷʵʹˣǰʮʱҳλ溮½Ѵ޵֣һʵǳ˴˽ơҶЦ̾˿
Ŷԭǵʵԭн£˺쳾죿Ǿԭʵǵڣô˵ǿܽ͵ͨץסһҲǵ۵
ͷˡֻǷѾȺ½λˡҶЦ˵
򡭡ʲôڣ쳾ΣٶȻ
һȺ½߼Ⱥ쳾컹һһλ棬ǱޣֱԲȻٶȷ쳾ġҶЦһĴ¸ſ
ͲҪһͣӵѣˡ
˵㡭ַ
ǰҸʮʱ򡭡ҲŲҵĵزҾַˣβķ˺쳾졭ʱѾԪƷ˵ľ޽У֮šҶЦ޼ɵԼ
ԪƷ˵ֻԪƷͷ亹乶£һָɽֹηĿⶢҶЦ㲻ҪҡԪƷԪƷԽԪͻƵԪȻɨԪƷʥԪһֱĿǰʥԪƷһֻһʱɣ
϶һʱ䳤ҶЦ˵ҲһŸˣȻʹˣŻ磬ҲûǸϡ
Ŷͷ˹ȥ
Ҳˣ
Ľٶȣ̶ȣ֮ˣġ
ղҶЦԴޣڳȫڮ٣Ѹٶ쵽زֺֹ츳ˣŻ磬صҲǿ˵ùȥɣ
ȫԼģҶЦֻɫ쳾죬Ծûгֹڶ
ϣ𣡳ɫ
ҶЦĽлУһҶЦްʵΪ˴˶ڵһɡ
ҶЦĵ˵ﻰƽȣǹκ߶վͬϣκεŬжơ
ŻŻһһͷߡ
ͬߣŬе
ͬã
Ŭܣ
һƿҶЦһֺʵĸӦԾɴ֮Уڽһʱ֮ڶǲͻġʮʱͻơԣڽҪ
˵ʲôȵȵ˵Ҫ۾ɵͭһ㣺ղҪһ֮ͻƳһ֮ڣ
ǰĿǰʥԪƷ壬ڱͻʥԪƷȻʥԪ壡ҶЦؿų𣺡µİʱͻһƿα˴С֣ô۾ҪʲôԼĽٶȻǺģͲҪٴëãһˣпģ
ʱѣֱһǰ֮ˣոݣ˼ôôأ̫죬̫Բѣ̫쿪˵κòã
ǣǣɵǣǣС˵ɷ£ʵǰѵ˵ԤڽȾǿʵֵģǣҲ̫˼˼˰ɣӾȻһթ״εĵĵزˣ
֮󣬳ĵ̾һˣ֪ڶԼѡ񣬸оԵҡ
ңʲô˼ҶЦЩ⡣
ղȷʵд̼˼̬ȣȷʵ˵תۣ
תȴôתأ
ȴûнԼбˣ˵˼ǣǴҪȥߣ۽磬ḻľ
ǡˣҺα㲻ϧ۵鷳£ܻܹ֮λҪá
ҶЦȱãҲҳȥôһˣٻ֮գѸʱˡ
ʧȥ˲ҽãҪȫҪжǿ򣬶ܹҵѡҶЦ˵ȣΪ㹻ߣΣϵҲʱãһó£ζľͻԣһϧ۱סȫ
ߣ㾭ḻڴκκˣ˾֮ˣԼ֮ڵˡ
ڴҲܷĴ󵨵ĳȥԼĴ֮ϼǰС


207 뺣
ҶЦһȻؿų
Դʵ̹ϣһж˵˴˻ٲ档𳤳سһ˵ıԶǣС޻
Żѡڽµ˹мܹѡ֣֮ǰĽƣߣһὫʰ÷ľٶ˰ɡ
ҡͷһ̾ޡ˵һʹǷ쳾죬ܹͷѵģıԶŲߵġҳһûڶˣղ˵С޻ûдһ㶼ûд
ҶЦЦЦһ佱Щɬ꣺Ϲˣޡ
ߣĿֻ»Զֹڴˣ֮İɣߺߵ˵һ֣ôԴ޵ˣӲԼĻԻ¼ߴ֮ˣȴľԭԭ˵һ飬ʹ˵Ķʵ̫
˼ͺףǰңܿ죬ǸţҪδ޿ҳǸˣҵˡҲͷֻܹԹԵİ£סҵҰĺѡʹ˹ޡҲǣ
ȫһֱƵ˵ơ
ҶЦЦЦ̫ңôĸӣ˵ˡϴɻһ£˵ô֮᲻ͷ
ҡͷˡҪǲң˵ʲôʱͳ㾳磬пܡͺղŸ˵һʱɾͳĵ׳֮ԱǣҲ֪ô;ҲߴŲһߣҶ϶Զж֮ģ
ⲻͽôҶЦһЦһ֡
̾ʲôʱߣ鲻ҽĻˣôά֣ά֣ҲΪδڻֱͣҵ˶֪㲻ˣ
ϲõģȻҪΪµ㶫άòֵľ档ҶЦֶοͨķʽɡ
㲻˵Цɣô£Ŀࣺҿǰҽã۵ҽٴ۲ж߲
ҵĲҽ˵ʵʵܼ򵥣ֻǸһЩҩԾ崦ԴǡҶЦ赭дˣ¼ǵôһݶ⹫桭쿪ʼòٽʥԪΪ֮ˡ
ϼ⾷һ£̧żˣ⹫һֱӽ쳾ųɾžŵ˸֮ˣĺô
죬ôٷ棬ߵޡ
ҶЦԾá
\ɷˣʼ½뽭
ӣǴ⼸쿪ʼʼ齭޽
ʮõ֣Ҳʼ߽޽׳ʵ
ΪǰʵһȺˣÿ˶һһҪԼʵߣߵ˲Ŀĸ߶ȣ
ְλһɲ䣬ֻҪʵйңɼ߲ʵλãδؾûһϯ֮أ
нԼã˴ֵ
ÿ˳ȥһ¡
ִλòζǾͿԷɣг϶ǿǰԼǰʵԾɲдѴѵǰ·ǰ棡
սҲѾһҹȻ뿪ã֪ȥ
һȥδлٻ޽ǻ᲻ϵػϵشغϢҪ˵ǣʲôǶܽܡ
ҶЦڶ뿪ٱ֮˵Ļ
Ӯˣʤˣ˾磬ô˶Ϊˡǰˣˣ뾡һа취֪Ϣ֪ĵ˭
󣬾ŹɱԼֵܵĵˣ
۶Է˭
Ҿ˵ôࡣ
ɢ˰ɡ
ҶЦĻ뿪޾ĵ

֮ҶЦȻ߳ãȻһʧڷҳǶš
޽ķ
ˣҶҾ춯Ӧԣ
֮ᡣ
Ҷƶ˶ɱģԼһ·ǧСġ
ҶҾȲ֮ҶƶˡǺǣСһöϡ
ˣжô
϶а
˭أ
ĿͶ巽ϰɡ

ǺǣˡϣһҪͻƣʱ䲻ˡ
֪ģ԰ȵȡ

ҶЦӰѾʧڳ֮С
ĿҶЦ뿪
ͻȻһɺʵڵĸо
Լڼ֤һƪĳ࣬һ񻰵ĵ
֤һͷǱ󽭴󺣵һ̡
Ӵˣ󺣣ɽӥ߿ա
룬֮һܼ֤һߵĹ
૵˵


208 һͷ
һﻰδ䣬ɫתȥ漴á
ҶЦ·ϣɽˮ֮䡣
ҪĲǽǿ۽Ҳʵս顭
ҪȥѰǡ
ҪȥǴһﶼһ
ҵֵܣػҵĺգҵļˣߣҶЦ
ЦҶЦ
쳾죬Ѿ˸ž۵ʱ
Ӧ˪ҹ£䣬ƽ죬
ǣ
ϣҵϯ޽ʱҪң
һһ߽һһҶЦһ³ɽˮ֮䣬ĴƮ̲סʫ˴󷢡
ֻ䣬ѾоΪ̣ƫͷ˰죬ûɶʵʫ䣬߼ͷСèұ߼ͷСӥȫУٹΣżǣ䣺èأСӥ
һδ䣬㼴ֳޣʫʫǧž⡣
ءֵĽһСצӱȻһָ
СӥƫͷһĲá
һﶼΪԼȻ̯ôһѧ˶еֵ޹⣬˼ʴҶЦͷȫ޾
˵ǷʣݲҲ˵֪Ҳѧʶףɲģ
ھֳһӵأ
˵㶼ôһӢٷĵУȴû֮ƥ̸ֹ
ĵ̫˷˰ɡ
ôΣĳһɲΪܷΪٵӣʫιҲ˵ۣɻ׼ȷ˵Ǿ⣬
ˣֻ̯ͺǱǿɶȻֿˣаɣ
ޣǽʲôܣĥòãħʹòá
ҶЦ뿪ǻᣬȻѾȥʮ졣
ҶЦһ·޽ͦʮȴǺЩˡе޽֮һ̤룬ʱ֮Σ㸲֮գ֣̿̽ѡ
ԼѾôյй˶գôɶ¶Ҳûأ
Ҫҵ¶ԱԶûᡭ
Ҷڵӣһʱ׼۸ӵһֻƴСè䣬ҼһֻƴССӥ˿ɰ֮⣬ôûôġĳ·һΣɫԵĵƺʱ׼ŵϷҸиŮ
󣬱˵ں쳾죬½ҲĿ
޽ҵĵطǻ˰û£
ҶЦƣƣɫԵĿ⵱治پŮӣҲŹˣǿ꣬Ӣΰ꣬׳˶󺺣ྡŹֻ£ɼĳ˵֮ͣˣԾһûȴǷ˼
ûκ֮£ҶЦֻܼǰΣ˼ǲǿ԰ٽһ㣬뽵ͻôأòûɶõķʽأ
ҪȻֱӶ֣
ǰ
޽֮С
Ѿкüڴ˼ᣬ˴һֻ
ͷ쵽ˣ
жʣ
Ĳ˵˵ϴ·ǶУǿܻ⹥ˮֵĶġ˵ļƷ¡
Ŷ
ϣָһ¹۲죬ȫǬƵļƷռָпռ֮󣬾Գ󣬵ֻöָصмҲҪʮң

ϣһֻȻʱʣǷȡ£Ҳһռװɣ
ǴļװغˣǴֻͷСʵСɣ
жϣʵܸߣ
ţôҡƸ֮ˣʵôͣ
жϵݣȴΪϴһֻƴССèҼϣһֻƴССӥ
ݣʲôݣǴͬʱͷޣȻ൱ǿĴڣɵôߵ˵
ǲǣ¹۲죬ͷֻͨĳ˿ɰûаá
ţ棿Ĳޣ
¸ΪͷĴڣ²жϳһѧʵǳ竰ܼӣ
ţ˵ɶ˵ʲô
Ƣãһ竹ɣضĳҵĹ֮Ҵһ·϶֣ƺڸ˭һ㡭
ţô˵Էһߵү
Ӧǡ
۲˵Ϊߣж󣿡
Ƕʮңò㣬Ϊ¿͸ӦԪϡ
ţֻԪһƷ͸Ҳ
ţǱ˴ɱĹӸ϶ϲµĶ֣Ϊ߲ͬսǿ
Ҳδء
й۲쵽λӸְֻװ۴ƣϱûʲôʵս顭
ŶҲֻûڱȭ¹๦Ϊƾ
¸Ƿսһ


209 
ţСĵ㣬Сʻ괬һ·ԲԲǧ֮ڣûаиűģ
Ҳп˵ոٲ飬˼֯̽ӣûκע
ţʲôļ֯Ҳͷ򣿡
Ӧǡ
ôԣЫӰѾͷټ󹦷Ⱦָ
ʥ
ټ£
ǣ

һ
ϴ·һͷɵǮ֡
ţ

ã̫ˣ׼
ǣ
ͷҵƲȾָĸװ
ϴ䣡

һ
ף켶һͷЩ֣䣡
ţʲôϸϸ˵㲻˵һЩô֮¡

šȷʵһ׮Ҫϸ̽һ£Ƿ򵽵˭ҺӡһҪ竣һˣǿס鷳Ȼ޷ǲǿɾǲ¶ǻˡ
ǣ׸հԶ¶Կ׵ͬ޽֮ˣ
ˣ˵ʵС°ȫһ
ǡ
˵Ҳû䣬ȷûĻͿˣͷǮɵķѵһ
ǣ

ϴ·һͷ򣡡
ͷδؾ͵Ƿ򣬲һƬġ˭һ֮ȥһңʹǷд󱳾Ҳ㲻ֻ֣ǰ˳ķϣֻ»䵽ô
ϴӢ䣬纣¸ɽֹ

ҶЦҲо˷ƺ˫۾ڿ̽ԼȴҲû뵽ԼѾｭеĳѾ벶ȸںġ
ܹ޽СɣֵδؾһܸߣͻʣȴǱزٵģһ㣬ת۾͵һ
ҶЦʩʩȻ˯˴ϣס
ܣķһ
ôģǸ֪նĹӸ磺ȻĽҰ룬Ҹ˯ˣ⻹ǿ˵ùȥΪʲôҪڸϰߣҲͰˣô춯أҰעⲻô
⣡⣡
˷׷װҡͷ
ֹӸ߽ǲԼ֪զģǲһ׮
ʱҹ
ܵĲݴͻȻһϸ΢Ȼƺ߳棬߸Ϲ
ҶЦɣأ˯ޱȡ
ͷСӥɢ۾ɨһۣٱˣСС壬ҶЦĻﹰ˹
СèļҲ£˸ǷſҶЦ˯
µĻ谵ݴ֮С
ɫģɫģưõģͷͷֵϸĳĶ̵ġ׵ĺڵɫģ֮ɫɫ˸޵ĶߣϤǰŶڲͣĿ˵Ŀֲ֮
ţﻹֻڶߣϸСĳӣɶ꣬֩룬óȵȣҲнĿ꣬ȻҶЦͷϺ˯ķ򡭡
ԶĵطһСĺӹϢɢһÿ𶯣ԶԶشȥ񶯵ԵʣĶǰ
ߣм۾Ǿҿ־Ŀ
ˣͷ϶ܲˡ˵˵ɫ
֣Ȼǲͬ죬ơ
ƣǵأӦҵ谡Ҳ˵ӦֻǿôܼĶﳱ뵽ĲӦǻҲˡ
Ҳǣ˭ôĶܲ¡
˵СϢɥڶ߲ѵĽ֮ʱļ壬ţơҲ˿ѭ޻˵
ǰǰȻ˼ܣʹײУκβǬƳɵĴװɱ˶һá
ôĶۼ࣬ҹȥȡҪˣ
Ѿҵչ棬ҪǱ죬ҪһǣסǵͣҪȻһˣ˼ҼܲˣȻҲʱ̰߰ɣ
˵ǣԼˣ̫еˣⱭֵȻ˳£

ĺӶɫƽֻеǹԽԽǼ٣֮е𵴲ҲԽԽԡ˷ۼһĶ棬Ҳ¶
ѾжȷϵҶЦǹĿ꣬ʼǱͦ
ֻҪȥˡ
ֻҪ
ֻҪҧһڣеһھͲڶڡֻҪԷʥԪ߽ϵߣԼĶ溣ƣͿԼĶ溣ѳɣֶӣ
죬ۿžҪ󹦸ɣԴ֣


210 
У׶ֳĹâǬռ壬ǬΪĴռ䣬ݻСĿ깲ĸ豸ָжٲжԼĵر
ϣöȻٰ
ˣˣ
ظоԼ潥αƽĿֻһľˡ
ȻȻһʲô
ڸղһ˲ȻоԼĶ֮䣬ջûһ㣬ƾճ˲һԼδֹ춾桭ԿɨҶ֮ƣԼʹ˵ĸֶ桭
ô£
ֵĶȥ˸߿֮ϣӿǱ߸Ϲ
ڸղŵĶ֮УеǿȴδţۼΪһ޶춾ȻȤŨȻҪڵһʱϵĳջʱˣ
ᣬҲв˷ֵòƳ⣬ҲԷ׷׸һ
ȵ˵˾Ǹ˯Ĵʮ֮⣬Ŀ˶Ϊ֮Ŀɿڴ
⣬զأ
ֻڵĶ֮УȻʮֵĴߣ
˻һ۾ȷЩһڶвгĴڡ
Щߣÿһǻǲ⣬һ֡·¹һʥâЩϣƺһȦ֣Եô׿ԽȺͬ졣
ЩÿһСˮͰϸɳ̣ӳ֮£ζ֮ʣǵɲһֺſɰĸо
͸ɰ׹⣬ؿȫϸܵƬƺȻڴۿһˮôֵľһҧЩֵϷһڶʱ
˶һ
ЩߵƬ˵ķǳԤϵǿ
ʥΡۼ֮⣬ÿһߵĶͷϣһֻȫͬģһĶǣǶ˸ŵĹâѤá
ʮߣո֣ζϵſ죬оߵĶ棬ߣǿУһֱڳԣһֱڳԣƺѾþûгԱƺԶҲԲ
ЩǴ˺ü;Ҳһھˡ
¡
ν̰ĲβȺϣ
ٹƬ̣һȻ֧ӣ࣬Ȼһ
ಡ
Բʮ֮ڣд״̬Ķ棬ȫһò׽ûо׽һ£ôֱȥ
һ޿ں֮ܣȴƶٶȾವζ͵ĲʳɷԲ֮ڵĶһ⣬Ϥɣ

ⳡ֮涺һҲûά̫ʱЩߵսθڶǶģÿһ൱Լϰٱʳ
ҶȴǼꤣȫûԱһ㣬أƴسԣʹĳ࣬ܲ˵ĳԡ
Щߵ˾ٶȣЩȻӴȻϷɵģǵģûκһֻܹӽĳ˯ǿô
ٷнǿôʮɷΧ֮ڣһԵ
ȷǿôԲʮ޶ȫԹ֮󣬲֪ЩǷûԱһδĿβͷӭ
Щʹĺ棬Ϊٻ̴棬ԻԴԴϵشԶӿЩߺܸɴһһ棬˷չ˹ơ
Ȼ˷֣ÿߣóÿһ߶ͬļɣҲ˵дߵƶٶȶôľˣǿʳԼ̺֮ܣ
һſڣֱһƬΪֹκζܹ
Ѿ˼ʹĺ棬ڿרΪЩֲĴʳһ㣡
˼һ͵̫٣ԣ񫡭
ëȻ
æֹͣٻһ䣬ԭΪһޣ㶾֮ģڿȴҲ˿Ĳ֮ˣ
ǴĹײУ̫һ㣬ֲ̫˰ɣ
ʵֺֹǶô룬ĸ֣ҲһȫĿɿڴ͸¡
ʲôߣ̫ײ˰ɣǺθڰôеˣ
ĵ׶ʣõĳô࣬ȻŲ㡭
ѵϹ֮ʱΪڶ࣬˵۽ߣĿĿţഫУеĿɱĵͼ֣ǡഫ۽ߣϵǸӦǽɫģͬһƣΪԲһʥĹʡ


211 һɢ
˵ˣ۽߽ѣʹ棬߲Ҳ͵ͼˮ׼֮˵޽ռ䣬ȴҪкԴ֧֣ҶΪĵرһƷʹ֮һףͶȫɱ϶ϲԲеʹôϧԴ۽ߣ仹֮۽ߣ֪ޣСֱˡ
㯣ڳвǿ֮Լµǰֵ
Ȼ쳾ʷУȻȷʵҲ۽ߴڹġ
ǡԵĵͼޣ綼У
˵ˡȻϣһЩϣûӿһ֡ܺţƺĵرĳζ
ʹֻһڣ¶̹
Ȼײ˹ҾһҪ֮뻳У֮ģ
ʹսԸһ̣һֻ̹ķΧ
״еˣ
ڳһĻߣÿһǷ֮¼ܹ˲ʱĶ˵ȫȻָƣҲʶ󲿷ֵġ
ЩɱԽ֮һʶˣκһʶͶпܴԼп͡
ЩȴʹûмֵĴߣ
ΨһԷϵ۽ȴڵһʱͱ񶨣ҲֻܽȺƾճֵĴʱΪĳĳ֣Ժ˵Ϊ
⣬ǳ˶ˣزٻأá
̫ˣƺǣѵҪĿҵϡ
ǰȵģֻҪ֮ġ
ΪЩߣڳ˶棬òԾûԱûжɳԵ£ѾĿͶ˵ĵطԷһٶȣǰ
Ҫ˭ȥԡЩߵʵòҲǺǿܹ֮񣬲Ƿ򣬱Ѿһջ񡭡
˵úãҪȥôˣ
ݣΪɵӡ
ԭôΪɵӣ
˰пڽ֮Уһ˲ĵطӴЩ߽ϽҸ֮䣬Ѿתߣһͻصĵط١
˼״һһеתӴܡ߾Ȼڿйһ䣬һӣͽ˵ڵء
´֮࣬бܿߣȴ˿ȴǽ̳󣬽ùļһԼ֮УȻ󡭡߿һš
˻
˵壬Ȼֱӱһҧϣ˵ĸɾ䡣
ֻʳнʳһεıȺҲ֪Ǻε֣Υ츳߱εΪۣ
һҲãڳȴǸ壬һ֮
ǾȻûʳ࿴һ۶ᣬٶ˦ɳȥˡ
ЩֻЩˡеʱһ£漴Ⱦܡ
Ҫ߿Ȼ£ȴΣΪȻˣǻɱ˵İ
ڴ˵ֽһһһΣ
ڣܻҪһʱ䣬ɱȴȳ˸Ѹ٣ҲζɱЧʸߣø죬Ͻܵô
Щﵽ״ðġҲ̫ôˡ
һǱӴܣһ߰˼⡣
޽һƬĵؽ磬ԼѾ꣬ȴǴûֵļһԼΪ԰ֶΣЩһȫȻãаˡ
ڳ˴˼ʾԹ޵ȣѾӵƷ糵һķɱܳԶӿշУôҲȸܿ찡
ǡһ
һڿգȻ𣬾ȥ
ЩȻٶǼ죬ȴ޷֮ܣÿζ֮໥ܵϸ˵ߵٶȺ;붼Ҫڳ󲿷֮ˣκһҪһ˲ССͣ٣ȫͣһ˼Ӵܵˣվѷ׷ȥԶȴǽнԶۿ׷ˡ
Ȼһ˸֮УȺ߾Ȼȫʧˣһ֮ǰƾճ֣˼ƾʧ㶼˿󡭡
ֻǴ˼Ӵܵһ˵Ⱦֻһ˼ȫûע⵽һ㡣
ôûˡ
ֱ֮˷һ㣬Ȼȷʵ
סȺҪ߲ˡ
ˣȺȥˣز׷أ
ңԶƬѾ˵֣һ亹
Ȼ֪Ǳߣһͷﾪ춯صĴ࡭ȴҲû˸ҹȥˡЩߣ˵Ƭء
ȥܾ
ټƸȣһ㡭


212 ۽
ռ֮С
ʮ۽ķŶƤ棬ǰı붯ˡ
γʵ̫ˣ
̫ˣ
жزΣÿһʮΰ˴ҲǲӶİ
һԴӱץռ䣬ûԱ
Ȼռҩ۽ļƷʱϴܿر͸Լÿһ
ȻΪڲϵϳѽޣȻÿһʱͻƤһΡȻÿν涼κηա
ǰλÿ߶̵һһ㣬ٽͻ˺üס
ȻԼԽԽǿ׳ѾԽڲ֪ٱ
ǣ
Բ
Բ
ʼվûԱ
Ⱥ߶ԣҪ顣
γȥжϴǰ˵ˣǵĻᣬܳԵ٣ҪԼȡ
ȥһ˷ˣ
˷ˣ
̫ˣ
ĿȻضǴ󲹵ʳ
ĿǸֶأֵĸֵġ󲹴󲹴󲹺óԵġ
οǹˣԵ͡
ҡͨһνʳҪˣ
ܹԱӣܽףֱǡζ벻Ҹӡ
ۡ
Сˡ
ԺôԣҲÿʮٰ˶٣ÿһپͺá
ǲķ򸴺
һ۽߶ƤԲһһֱˡ׵ʱ̵ˣȴӲ￪ʼѷ죬ʼƤˡ
һȻ׵Ĺ̺ʹ࣬ǽܻ֮õǿʵҲԶ׼
ԴӸϴԺԼҵĽɱƤƣȻ˾еѰ£
ÿһεƤףÿһε̥ǡ
ʹֲУ
ľҸing

档
أڴҶЦƤ˶
̾˿
һȻûһеġ
ز
Ȼǰĺöַӵְ
Ǽôųô
ô㵨ȻҲ޽ưԣ
ѵ޽ˮƽôһ
̫ʧ
ҶȻܲ
Ȼˣפ޾ռ֮Уɺϵعע۽ߣһжĵر鵤ôʱ࣬ѾһȺ˿µĴڣ
ٱôΪȥЩ۽ߵ쳾ഫǰ㣬ɱ
ȻǽҲδزܰ
ʹڻδԶʢ֮ʱķɣ޽ԵЩСëȴɼģ
޽ǰżĻôڵЩ۽ߣҲˮ׼ǿ޽ӽλãҲܹռһƬɽͷĳڣ
οʮۺսҪʮǣǷͬСɵģ
峿ĺֹͣˡ
ҶЦԾèҼӥӴһԾ£ЩƵؿ˿սĺۼ̾˿
һ޵࣡
ӱǶҳ֣ǵɣҲһҵǰʵΣٸʵľȲһʵսʵڣϹ˱һҹ
϶ԷǸܹʹļһе˼ʹ֮ܵںʹ֮֮ͬֻǱ˴˸ȴǲԶˡ
ҶЦһռ۽ǱԹעȴȺٽɱ״̬֮У°Щ룺Ⱥ֮ǰ˼ŵرȻҲжɱ䣬ʵҩƽ֮൱һֻڣδЩ棬ֽڻ֮Ԫܽһѵഫ۽ӵɱ֮ܵĴ˵ġ˵Ļ߿ܰ˶֮ץרÿжҵ߳ԡױȻ֮ܶ࣬ЧڣҲһݶѰ
ڴ»üƻһ¡
ҶЦʩʩȻǰߣѾ˴㡣
ߺҲ˭۽ļֵֹڱ˵Ļӱ˿жʳɵˣ֪˵۹ǺεȵĳԶǺεȵľ΢˰ɣ˵۹ȥ뷨ȻȥҲǺǺǺǡ
λȻ֪ԼĳλӵȻѾһȺṩϵĳڵǽٺ̴档
ôôͻȻðȻȴĪʧأ
Ƭ֮ǰûֵ
ߵսҲ̫ǿˣսģʽѳֱֵܣѵ߻ԣƣˣܽһΣȴڿУ
ѵ˵
һַȴ֮еĲ²⣺ѵЩ߾Ȼȫλ竹ģרΪ֮õģ
ģǿɾ̫ˡ


213 ·ǿ
һ㣬ǹӸ˷Ĵ󵨵ĺ˯̣˲ǿǰ竣ʵ竣Ǳ⣬һӵļռװ֮ˣǱͼıĿ˭
Ҳľһҹ֮䣬ҽƬ֣ЩµֻǷȱһȺߵ֪ûн֮룬ֻ֮ززε
峿ʱ֣˽ֱԵǲƲģһָһȺ߲÷һأֻǽ֮һα㼴ȥˣļռװջվԵֿ
֪ǲԸλ֪ߵغ竹ӣ֮ǰһ㣬һʩʩȻǷģ˳
һֻèһֻӥԶļͷ竰ܼӵ
һּ÷Ⱑ
λ竹ӿ˵Ļвڰǿһһӵĺߡ
˭֪γѣɽ֣ɽˮ㵽Ǵ￴÷ģ
ҶЦһ·ŷƺȫȻûκηֻǺܴɽˮٶĿԣ֮Уȴأһǰ
⣬ڼԶмǿϢ߽ο
Զ׼Ǹ·ĸԮڼ̸
ŶԷҪ˰ɡҶЦظоǼƵѸٿ˼⡣

ԶԶ׺棬ʱϸ߿ղ鿴λ竹ӵĶȴʼûзκε쳣
Ҳڹ۲죬ڿҶЦ߳һʱڳס˳
һҶЦȥˣǿɾһƬˡ
޽ǳעΧҲڡСҶЦ˼ȴǼһ룬Ѭģᵱۿôһͷ򣬾ôﰲȻ
᲻òƣҲˣ
ˢһƷ𡪡
һڽͻȻնâ˸ҶЦǰ
ҶЦǰ壬ֻһ֮ң˵ľա
ʲôˣҶЦȴ˳ƶΪĴһ
СӣĪùʲôˣϵĺö£Ȼɱһ
ܲݴŨܣľȫȻͨӺδңǰ
ҶЦһмëҲҴԲѣҪԼãͷ¶βʲôɫ
벻СӾмֵЦһǴүСӻһСǳˡҪעûˣ
Իδأ˷ԲԼͬкЦ
ҶЦǺһЦĵǲǾǳɡ
˵˫һ̯ڿб˴˽һģžһֵֻ࣬ʱ˳ɫ漴һɼȸ±㽫ǰĿ˿ð߲飬һڻէȻ֣ҶЦΪĵ㣬һ·߸ͽǿͻ
ǰܵĲľɲǼͱøɿݣһ̣ڴʱ
УӰǱ״Ӵ˳
СӣôһɫһѿĶҶЦǧû˶ب֣ȻҪһѻյ
ŻԲסӣҶЦ죬ĵºһ죬ɺζڳ˾֪˼ʽƽ׼ҵϣôԸ˵֮ʵĿּҪǳѣѳǰƫǲϳֶԼ֣ǵԭǿԹԵôŻ𣿡
˵˵ſڴƻƣŻɽڻҿտڰʵ˺޺޵
Ƿǿ˵ڰҶǰֱ׳ҷŵˣ챾үֿһ۽磬вˣҶЦЦԭҪʲôԼڻҪʲôϽ˵үûʱĢ
ȻʱһǰϢȻԣ漴ƬڻϯռƺͻȻ캮ضķΧ֮У޾ĺϣѸİ˪
ԭȼյĻ棬ڼ˪Ϯ֮£Ѹ漴ȫϨȻһ̶ûð
һӰر˪֮Уһ˫ӣҶЦ
ϴˣһƬ
ҶЦ΢΢һüĿ۽λϴϡ
ʥԪһƷΪʵԣǿһ֡
ҶЦ˼ûвڵ̬Ѿĸı䣡
޽֮ʣɷ֮ԪΪҶЦԣѾǸ߲ʵĴڣڣλϴԶĺɷ֮ˣн򸾲һ֮ףҲֻáˡͷ
ڲͬʱ䣬ͬص㣬ʵĲͬɵĸ֪仯ίʵ˵Ŀ£
춳أɷ޼С˹澰λϴҶЦ¶пɫСӣӦұ飬ҸղһǴϣ˿Ѿһʬ


214 ٣
ҶЦüë㣿ΪľôֻϧڱĵطˣҪȻҾͿһǴ˵еľˣ
Сӣϴɷ£㾹ҳԼﲻ⣡Աһһŭ˵
Լƨġ
ļˣҲһƬ룬ｫϴ󴵵еޣ巽Ǹ۷ǿߡ
λϴȻﲻôߵĳ̶ȣһƬҲһ֮ۡɷҲȷʵж֮Ǻ֮ļ֣ƽаԵˣ˼ȴҶЦ˵
ԭҶЦܴڵıЩ˼ɣ仰ҲǵȻ޴档
СӣȻҪ֮ĿУͳȫ㣡
ϴЦһֻͻȻ䣬ʱ䣬Ƭ캮ضŨһɹɰ𣬵ϰ˪ѸӣϴˣҲɪɪ
ϴӰѾҶЦǰɫСӣν֮ɡ
һֻ֣͵ҶЦɭ֮ٶȺ
ҶЦһð˵з켫߲ϵľ֮ȻҪú飡
ȫȻܣһֻ̽ɭȻĴ֣Ȼһ
һ˴˼ʿҶЦĶǳŪɫСȻҺϴƴƣ
˵ϴĹ˸ԵֵʹΪڲ֮䣬һӴҲ֮֮ڣѪֹǵΪСᣬϴǰΪ˫Ͳͬһϡ
СӦԣ˵ǳţ»˵ģȫ飬äĿԴ󣬰ڣ
ҶЦӭϴϵЦԣѾɷٴμӴ˼
Ŀ֮£ֻƣһһڣȫ޻ٵӴ
ϴںڹǽڴִֵֻӳ֮£ԵҶЦذϸۣƺû֣ȴ֣Ҫð
ƺȻཻϴ˼ܵĹ˲ȫӿȻڱɱ

ûз֮еһ죻һһȴһա
ܹսļʮ⡭զ£
һ̴𰸾ͳֻϴ͵ضһ£ɫһӾͱˡ
㡭㡭
ϴֻü˵֣ĻҲ˵ȥϣͻȻӿһ֮ɫţһɿǰϷϾȻ͹˰˪ٹƬ̣˪ԽԽȫ֣类һ߱װһ㣬Źһֱͦͦص˵ϣűէ֣˶һؾұġ
Χ۵ļʮҲ벻Ȼ
֮ǰһֱϰϴֽ˶ɼĳ棬ȴ˭õϴһγ֣Ȼñ˽Լ˱ˣγ׵۾£
ֱһֵ߸òã
ۿϴı׷ǵ߽ڻļ󣬷ԽԽʢİ˪ԽԽ񣬽御뵱ǰ磬Ŀס
ۼ֤һĻһ˵޲ɫҰף۾ֱˡ
Ǹ竹ӡڿҲǷˣһͷħ
һԨԶżľħ
ҶЦ죺ϴȻһףǺһƲɣʾν㡯ôΪʾһôȻǰ֣⣬ڴ˵һл
Ļͬʱ̧ͷͰ͵ضǰħһˣһ⾡ɫ࣬ĿԾ̡
ţϴʾǱôˣǲǳʵһ£Ӫġ㡯ǸʲôӣҶЦЦʵ
ɫһףҪʵʲôϴ󲻾ѾѵʵƷôɵôʵ飿̫ˣֱˣ
ҲҡˡһɸղŻǿԵĽٷˣһȫ˳϶Цݣ΢ĩУθڹǰΣӾܣʵ飬֮У¡
ң治ôҶЦͷĵʵ
ң治ңһСһĵͷ
ȻǲϰﱾУǾͽϵĺöȫҶЦ۾͵һɣһ٣
һǿû޳
ģǲٵĺòã
ا䣬ٵı˴ˣ
֮˻ҪԭԤٵķ򣿣
ģĵ
ѵǹģǷںʵ
ǵпҶЦѾɷس˹һ³塣һһﶯ˵㣬ѱҶЦһƴȥʮ߰ɣۿʧȥϢ
ĴװһѾҶЦġ
ʹģģƢãûɶģҶЦߴ٣
ǿᡣ
ʲô˵ô̯ôһͷ򡯣


215 ƣûã
˼˵Ŀ⣬ȫеһмϣҶЦĴߴ٣ϵļ鴤һ£ˣҵԱǡ
˵꣬˵ԽԼĿռָժҶЦǰϡֽΧһڵϣһ٣ԼڽλõһöҲȡ£һ˵ϡ
ԭתһȦʾԼѾûбĲˡ
ҶЦ״ȴһŭõôӵģĲô㽻ûӵϣôѵҪ
ҶЦȫȻɷ˵ؽһϣŭôվǰ棬ѵڵһͷԵĶ͸쿪
һƹȥӵһʱ߸һ죬˳ȴһŭԵؿҶЦһۣǣС˵Ĳԡ
ȥڵϵָ
ȻֲŸոҪӴµʱϵ˳ûʧȴıէһ죬һɰ̡
ǹɰֱҶЦӡ
ɰ̿ŨܣȻɽȴӰ죬һ±ʵñҸۼ̼ҶЦţо¶Ȼ⡢ݶлϲɫ
һʵ̫ͻأ̫žɣҲõ
һͻỊ̇ƽƽ棬ûκζʵȴ޽ͷģƵĳ̡
̵ֶƷ쳣ҼỴ̄һǱһԪƷϵ߳ºϹʮֶҩ䶾ԱҪ֮ǰһƻУһߵȫΪֶܸصĲϮȫΪɫʱٽߵĹͷճɻҽɢǳ̡
Чжһ߽ǿףȻʥΪҲҪԵֵ⣬һһʱ֮ڣŧˮ
߼Ѹ٣ѸٻرܣֻմȾһ㣬մȾļҲἴʱʼãҶػڽӴ˲Ѹٱ֫ٺԾҩɾȡ
ּλϴıɱΪƵ̣Щ굱治֪ɱ˶ˣȡⶾΪƣôľ룬ô׼ƣôͻ
竼һܲУȫûвеĵ
ϴһӼʱ󳷣ʵ̫ԵԼҲûнҩģȷԼȻ붾̿ܲķΧֱȴѾ¶̵Цݣ̧ͷȥȷϴ˻ɹ
ǰӰһһİƣͷ佫
ϴʲô˶Լ֣Ȼͷתķ˳ȥûأһϣһĲϵתǰɡ
һһơ
ʮĿɿڴǰ
ǹɰΪûмȶĿ꣬Ծɱֱֱȥǰ塭һֱȥаɣ˶֮УһƬҽоʹӶ淢˳
Ƕеĵǡܲòʵرǹɰкˡ
˵İ˷ﲻ
ȻƬ̾һľŧˮ
ۼߵȴǿϴէ֣ͻϮñҸ޲֮Ȼǹɰ̼ǰ¹ǰһ˲䣬ǰ¹ȴƾʧһ㣻ٳ֮ʣȴѾȥϴǰһ
Ȼϴͱ˿зˣǿĿзˣΪǰ¹ṩ쳣Ч
λ¹һߴһ˶Ҫ㵱˷Ҫ˵ӵϸŪ壬һһͷͱˡһƲֿʼ綾̡ˣˣˡ
һ·˵Уϴֱӱ
һƳȥ֮࣬ϴڿէȻķѡԴط˳ȥɳȥʮ֮Զ
޲
иһֱȷɫƣѾʪһƬζϮˡ
ôṫӸĽط·ǻҪ÷ḻ
ûҪˣеģľӲģĲ⣡ҶЦɷĽ
ûûûˡ
ȻûˣĥʲôϽǵȫټöͳͳȻȥǵĲر⣡˶ҾͲȺاȻûвر⣡Щ˭ߴߴᣬǸһǰ
ҶЦһѹȺǿͷһɽկһɽկ˹ȥ
㣬㣬ȥɽկ
Щ
ٴȥһ
⸽ûˣ
˵˵ôĵôܾǼСëôôֱдӷƣ


216 һ·ɨ
һ٣Ҷһ֡
ô˾ͻô㶫ƭأûˣȺǿôרĲרҵôţϽҿᲱϵ˵ˣ
ûˣǾͳͳڣôô꣬Ȼô㶫Ҹ˵ʵ̫ˣ̫ˣ
һ񣬵´һʱ򾭹һҶһţҷ־Ȼλ٣СǵĹ
ҵˣȻǿԸǣҶЦҶЦҶҶЦЦס𣿸һ飡ôľȻҽҵ֣ҴѾġ
ЦҶЦסôôû˵Ǻҵģɣ
һ֮䣬ҶЦʮһɽͷеϸϸϴһ飻磬㻹Щ˸ԼͷþӦԼûʹɱ֣ﳤȥ
һĸӼסˣ㣡
´ʧ˶ҪֻһΣ
ҶЦһ仰ʩʩȻ߳һƬɽ
ǿͬŰСݣҡҡ׹ᡣӪôһҹ֮ع˳ƶ״̬
λүֶλֱммңԼصĲرص㣬ȫһۿƣѹεøɸɾһңҲû
Ҫ˵Щò׻ĵر
ݰһһĨ᣺ôǿһôʵ
ôɣû˵ҪһΣһҪг֮ǰĻۣô
Ͻ˭˭ӡ
Ҳ֪ôһˡ裬ˡ
ܰ
ɲǼ䣬ʮɢ
ɶûˣζİȥСڲҲܶ
Сڿ˵Ҫġһ뵽һ㣬ȶӶڳ

СŪ㶾෹ˡҶЦڷԸ
ǰ棬һСĺºһɫͷӦ漴Ϳʼ˶ϣɢ
˼ٻǰελ
ֻλ޽һƬ޼ɵĶ˼ѾҶЦū͸ࡣ
ţ˵Աһ㣬ΪϸֻһҶιߣ
һ·ϣ;Ķ澡ڶٻ֮£˷ӵȻ󡭡ȻûȻжֻҪᱻʮ۽߳ԵøɸɾﻹʲôԺ󡭡
Ḷ́ÿһҹĻ֮ʱظһΡԲӣһͷ
ûߣԴӰǰҶЦħУ߹һΡ
ǴΣȴ˶ʡ
һҹӳȥǧ·̣;ٴ󡭡
ǿȥһɵؿв䣬ȻϢδһţһͷСӥȻ롭
ֻҪһһʼĩˮ
ֻСӥǿڿҲһƴССӥͻȻǣ˶һǴ󣬴סԼһٺᣬ֣
֮žͽһŵҩһϢԼǵҩҲ֪ʲôʥҩһ죬ԼѸٻظظǺ£СӥħצеԼظɾĻˣΪԼظĵһʱ䣬СӥֿʼԼչŰĹǰǰȥʮ˴Σ
ÿһΣһŵҩΣԼȻȻٴ򣬴ıԵһΣһΣһΡ
ʮ˴Σ
УԼһ仰ûü˵ֻһζĴһĴ
Լеȫһֱȵʮ˴ΣԼ־ȫ
ǶħҶЦʩʩȻ֣Ҿֻ˶һ仰ܲ
档
֪ôһͷ̬ӥӲء
СӥˣһҡٶȱȸСصҶЦϴǶÿһοͷɰСӥʱܻ᲻Ĵ´򺮲ëȻ
Ȼ󡭡һֲ飬ͷСӥèӥУλ͵ġ
ΪɶֻèɣȫָʹСӥɣСӥԹ
ζʲô˵ʲô
Զ׼ֻèǸӿֲĴڡ
ǶԼֻ»Ҫӵղѣ
мڴˣȻǸӵĲˣҶЦøʲô͸ʲôԹ
ȺСǷܣֻܵȥҶЦȫ⣬ҪȺͷø֪ЦҶЦĴڣ
ֻǣȻ̫С޽ĵεһʥԪһƷ߱ɳһֻգ
ǺҶЦһ·ߣһ·ǿٹȥ޽ڵĴСҶЦѡһ··֮ϵģȫϴһա


217 
ҶЦѾʥԪƷǿʵ޽Χ޵еĴڣ
һֱɨڣҶЦûжùûжùԼκһƣ
֮ǰϴɷֻǾΥ񹦱ţСԣСԽһʬ˶ѣ
˵ҶЦĵƣȴǲġ
һ·ҶЦһ˳˳ˮ΢оȻ·͵Ϯɱ¶ֻ
ЩҶЦǰͬ衣
ҶЦһεȷḻЩνУֱͬСϷ
ں½ʱǱߵΪԽϵͣҲ͵Ըɵļӳ֣ڼĶĸӡ
죬ƽǼˣȽ˵ҶЦ巴Ҫࡣ
Ӧ˵֫Խĵؽ磬ͷԿԽ򵥣û̫õóֵľ壬ʲôˣǿߣȴľһ֮£֮䣬ԼĻıĲ죬ȻԵʵһв죬
ʵΪռŵĿҶЦٸҶЦ;壬ȫһۿƶ߾ܶʱֱӾͺǺˡ
һ·ϣ˵һ۽߳һΣԼСӥץ֮⣬ʱ϶ҶЦֿȭɨ£
ãʶߣ㣬ʵǿĵ޿κˣ
һ·ͦЦҶЦͷͺһ쫷һ㣬޽
ڡЦԶ֮ҶЦȻֶһµš
ߡЦҶЦ
˼塭λЦʲôطؽ죬ƾո߳ߣ
̫ˣǶ֮Ϊ˺ε̫¶ˣǺǫģ
ҶЦԴ˺еմմϲţʵ̫ˡ
һܼס
˿ڵĿͷ϶贫ĺʱӦԼϢȻɸ
ܺУ
ҶЦڶ
ҶЦǿͦ޽Ѿһƽ޽ش
ҶЦһ·ѹεԴϲĸ߶ȡԽռı仯ΪʹôķֽٶȣȻкüαҶЦ
ľռı仯ҲҩѻɽȻѻɽѾǺܴı仯֮ǰҩɽҩʵ̫ⷽ棬ǲġ
Ȼˮռ䡭Դӽ޽ҶЦ;Ѿ½ɺʮȪԿʮɽȪǱҶЦûˡ
˵ߡƸĳ˵Ĳбáɡǿϣ
˵˵ֻ߻һдȻĳϣв㣡
ʲôʱȲۣҶЦ޾ռе˼ȴȻﵽһֲĳ̶ȣ
ҶЦȥԳʱ䣬Ϣĸо̲ʵ̫Ũˣ
ı仯ĪԪռ֮е쾧裬ڱҶЦ˼飬С˲ཫһ֮󡭡Ȼʼֳļ󡭡
Ԫռ쾧֮⣬⻹һЩӨ͸ӣڱϣһˮռ֮ˮһ㡭
Ȼϡ٣ȴ޾ռʵ̫Ũ֮޴ɢȻᾧᾧ
ǰռ۳һţǰţһǰᾧൽĿţڸղţҶЦͷȥԪռеᾧĿѾ˾ſš
ǾſᾧÿһŶôľӨ͸ȫ͸ˮΣȴǳֹ״̬һ󣬶ܸоͬʯһ󻬣Ӳ
ᾧ֮ѵãԴһ쾧裬˲죬컯֮⣬ӵ쾧󲿷ֵЧã˵棡
ҶЦһ·ϵѹΣǾۼ˺ĲƸŲƸĳۻȴҲ֮˵졣
һЩƽëСȣЩѰëָǡΪʵԶԶҶЦҶЦݿɨЩһǡЩҶЦȻǿֲľħħ֮ߣǿ¼ˡ
ȻЩΪܸߵĸ߽УȴֻһͷڽαƽԼĵ̡
콵˺ƣͣɲȡ
ˢ
һ̶ļХԼһ⣬һ
ġȴһɫذף
ֻɫذףԽʱͿռƣɴҶЦ
ҶЦɫԴһƫѾϮĶذףȻһɽХһǿԴɽѹ֮ǿƳ֮У
ǵ⣬֮мġ
ԭ֮⡣
ҶЦĲΣȻĪǰʮɵľɽʯϤգҶЦӰȻһΣ类紵㼴ʧӰˡ


218 ֵ˫ɷ
⣬˿ŶĳɫԳء
ߣһ˼ʾ
һĿ¶ɻȻ֪ԼĻΪ˹
ǶҶ֪˲˾ȴּ쳾ΣԼһĶ£Ѿڽӽ֮С
ǰ˵
԰ҵ꽣ֻҪĿ֮ˣչϵĹ˼һУʹû˶һ˵ٵȵȡ
õˡһ𣺡Ѿˡ
Ȼֻһһҡش߳ĿʣһϮ£һȾ˴Ŀ꣬ߣҶЦ
ֻǣڿ˲䣬ɫȴͬ˹һ㡣
Ϊнһ˸ζ̽Ƕ̽Ҳƺʱƿշȥһ㡣
ǰһ˿Ե꽣
ѽͦġҶЦͷеĶְ̽£λȪ·ңڽ𣬸Ͻ·ɡ
һ·ҲįȥλߣˡԶ͡ҶЦº͵̧۾ˣɱ֡
ݸߵǼһֻǺ;˿˸ССЦȿȣУѵ˾Ͳ֪ǵô
ҲϲǿЦһ㶼ЦҶЦƽ˵Ӳ֪ǵǵ֣ǵݣصһСֻȥŹأֻŻұȽϿģ
䣬ҶЦȻ
ۼҶЦɱ¶һҶϣһʱ䣬ҷɣһãҶЦЦһһϻȻڡ
ľƽ֮İ׳ͻذһѪ״̬ά֣Դӿе
㡭㾹ȻҵߵĿҶЦ
ɱǵ֮֮ı֮𽣻ҪһͬʱҲǵͽΨһһֶԱԸķţ
ν֮ǽע֮ڣӵעıͬһ㣬Բת⣬˲顣
ǰ׳ӵ꽣ȴ䵽ҶЦϣ˫̸ѣ˾߼ˣľȫΪ׼һĵڣҶЦֱϻյ˽мĴı꣡
֮ȻӵиʹЧ࣬ȱǼɻֵıӲƴһֱʵظɻ̵𵴣˺Ī󣬵ҶЦ㲻ʲôҶЦʩΥϼֱڽе꣬ɷǼͽ곹ڣ꾡𣬱ʱˣǵ޻֮Ϊܼ֮£꾡𣬱ͬ޻֮ʹٲ档
ǰ׳˵أһȴǻˣ飡
ҶЦһ˶һ˫ƲһӴ˱ѸоһֱҲǿᶳȻϮӲش˸æת֮ܺ⡣ոתΪδһ˲䣬ոշ䵽˼ĺȴ͵ػ˻ŭһļոתѸںϣȫ汬
䣡
˵ʱһŻ򣬴嵽꣬ȫ˼ӳ֮Ļȼյһɶࡣ
˼ſҶЦͷĶһȻҶЦһֺܲ⣬ɱ˾˵ɱ˵ģô̫˰ɣ֪ô
ҶЦջƮȻʣǰԹĿУһ¶ԷͷһУϵһӦװԷС
漴Ҳ࿴һۣתԶȥ
ƺղʲô鶼ûзһ㡣
ŴӺĶȴ۷ֱɸһĶ
ΪǿĿͷ
޽֮պյֵ˫ɷ϶
ֵഫΪߣʥԪƷĸ߽ߡпܸߣû˼ʶ˵ļΪ׸ߵ˺εȾ磬ֻ֪˻顰ǧһꡱĲ˼鼶˼ɣɱԽ°޶Ϊ˵Ƹ¥͹˶ֽӡ
¹ΧǣԱѣ֮ʵɼһߡ
ֻû뵽ǿãҶЦ£ͨյĻᶼûУͱвһնɱˣ
ʶһҶЦһߣһʵ
˶޽ֵ˫ɷֵ˺ųоɱǧ֮ܣɸɱΣڽɥУȻ޳ǬĪ⣡ڿҶЦıӰͬһܵħڲ


219 ѩľ
˶ƹʵĽܣҶЦءŶһʲôɱǧ֮Уһŵ޻֮һڻװװӻ˰ˣڵȥһֻһʬ壬˶ѣ
ҶЦһ߳ǰߣһߵ˵ʵڽ˻죬ʵΪȻΪؼһ棬Ǯ߱ؼΪҪ
˵֪֮˵ﳤ̣ܶ˵ǿߡ˵
ҶЦЦЦʵʱҪΪϵľǧҪȥͻñѹ֫޴桭ݵλߵʱһҪһ죬û׼ͻˤǡڸʱ򣬵һͷûʲôɶ˵ģ˶벻ĪԵ
ҶЦ⣬һֵÿһ˶ܹ绰С˵еĴͷһ㣬ңƽƣϾֻм˲ӵͷĲĹͷˣҪѰôһλֵͶĴͷġ
ΪǱһͶʣһʶжΪͶʡ
ҶЦ˵ʼƽֱ𣬲ˣͷʼҲһ£ȺӰѵǰУƺƺ˵
һ߿첽ϣһŬ˼λ
仰ʲô˼
ڰʾҡҪ˵ԼһλֵͶʵĴͷ硱
ҳͶϣʹЧ
ѱƵĳˣЩɪЩӵ˵Сﻹеиֻ⽭֮Уܹ
ҶЦǰеν˵ռԸڶڹִ᳹һԸ˵ԸѾݳޣܸ߶ˡ
ǡͷ
СΪֻǹȥҶЦֻʥԪһƷΪڳлǸ߲ʵĴڡ˵ʵΪԶԶ㣬پҪɡĸֻúԶ
찡ذ治֪ĳܳ˺׳֮ǰ˼ҶһָͷĳΪˣȴס˴⣬ûˣ
Ƕȴ飬СĽ񳯵õ㣬΢Դ壬ʡ˺Ը湫ӣΪЧǰ
ҶЦ΢΢һ㵣ŵҪ㣬ҪģҪˡ
Ƕͬһ㵣һʱ侹ûܽϻҪĲ٣Ҫʲôʲô˼
ĻȻ𣺡⻰ʲô˼ûô˼һʾĵĺûôͱζˣʲôģʽֱǸ¨ӣʲôĥˣ
Գǰеĳ˺䳡ת֮ԼƫˣС
Ȼƽʻȴַ·һĳ鴤ƺһͨȻҧһǰɲ
СĳǳûԺյļױ˼һֱ˻쵽ڣɾͷúܡͷ
ҶЦƺûв쳣֮ǰĵţʱ䣬ҡԼ£񡭡
˶٣Ժ󵽵ΣҪ컯ˡ
л¼۵ףȴӹһ˿ãȻ
ʲôʱԼôϥ޹ˣǸԼȥ
ҶЦһǳһͬһʬ⡣

ҶЦ뿪
ʮ֮еаãѸռҶЦ߹طµյشһ·ǰͦš
нĽ顣
ܲȻǹ޿֮أôһ̣ҪʱҶҾ죬β۽ſ˼оǰںûɲ˳ֽЩѾĵ̡ܷصסҲãռ˵ô˵Ҳֳɱ˲ǡ
֮ɷһ㣬ǿƳЩҶЦɢļһϤ£ȻÿǧΪһλͳһżѵ
ٷвģֱɱ
ӴԺǾĵ̡
ЩһոձҶЦݺʰϱֻʣ¸ˣűӭڶεʵڻ̫෴ΪԼѾûжѹեռ䣬ԷΪ뵽ڶ˾ǰε˸ΪײУ˲ҪǮҪԴЩҪߣҪˣҪ
ƫƫЩһͣƺһľʱ׼ɱһ㡭
ûӵģǹԹԵصͷҪû˻׵ġ
ԭڶʵ˵Ĳĵ׾ԲȻһ
Ҳ£ܲٱȥ˰ɡ
ˡǵģǿɾͲ˰ɡ
ˮԼ˲Լˣ
˵Ժжİ


220 
࣬չ죬֮Цһ·ԶҲԽԽ󡭡ͬѩһǰ
ҶЦߵѩ͹

޽ĳһط
ݺῪʹ˵ΧԾɺЦĳȥ̬ߣһµѩüĿ续񻣬̽ߣ޶˵赣ֻɱΧ˵˽п졣
ﻹΧˣ⹫ĸ¾ˣ
Ҫ˵򸾵ļô˵أ֮Ǻ񻰱С˵Ĺһ㣬Դӷ֮ѩΪ죬Զˣڻ֮󣬺Ͻ˫ޣΪͻͽܹѸٻϵҲ⣬־ѩἰ֮󣬻ȥѰٱ칬ں쳾š
ɣҲ칬Ϣɲɣһ·ἰ֮ǰҲһŮһİŵϢȻ󡭡Ȼĸͻˣ˵ɲ飡
ŻȻǺ£ıһĻϢˣ򸾾෬̽õһʧϢʮǰ칬ȷʵɽţСɣڲ֮һϴš
ֹ칬Ʈƹ¹ţں쳾춼ѾҪ֮£һԼ˵뷨׶Ͼѩ˶Ͻɢ޳ʹһжҪӵײҲ޽٣һ·̽ϢĹл˸¡ͷ
ֹڴˣҲǸС˵ӣ򸾴澭ĵһʽݣ򵥴ֱ·ǿŮ·ƽ
šʵòƸ·в죬ΪŮѩ磬һ竹ӿѩɫҪǿ
ʲôˣֱӶһ㽫竹նɱ
Ծ·λʲȻɱһȴһҵĵӣһǶ磬ҲνĴڽӴ֮ˡ
ۼ֮꣬ŭޣǲ׷ɱˣʵϳвСǲУ˽ϵĴתġ
Ȼ֮ͬĲ죬ʼղϷŹˣһһһ׷׷ս˴꣬ԶԷһ˾ܽԼɱľʵѹ֮£ڱϾ·˫˫׹޽ʢѩ£
ѩ²޽ʢ죬Ҳġ쳾ء֮һδ鳤Ҫʶ⣬Ĵ
ഫѩףԹ񣬴û˻Ŵ
˵ʱҲίʵ׷ɱͶ·űšͬͷһȥ
ѩ磬ʱֻ˵һ䣺ҪŮ˵ģҲҪ㡣
Ӳǽѩ籧ԼԼı£ѩ绺壬׹ȥ
Ȼ˵ͬѩ֪ܲɷôʵϣԼܹȥΪˣľϣȡһ
ͬѩϴӦҪ棬Ϊȡ
ȻţҪȥģţȴȴ˳𣡡ѩš
ŭǿӣάԼ״ϧǱѩҲѧ
ţѩܹʶ٣ǱԪȴ޴ƣ
ΪڴˣŪĶͱȽϿɹۣͬΪɣѩµһλˡ

أԻ·ֻҪǣйصҪ¾͸лԵ걾йһƵĻԵˣ
Ҫ˵ѩµλأȷʵͦģһ׷ɱ׹ѩ£ȫϣһѩ³ŲӲдһѩ޵ĻԵ
֪ǲڤڤе⣬׹ĹУһ·ڣһ·֮Ǿλԭ֮ߣԾΪֱߣ
˥ܵ˼㣬ֻƾտΪǿţ˼ǿΪˣȴ״ϼӽҲֲ֧סһȭؼ֮󣬱Թඥ֮Ϊֱ䵽ϣʹǡ
ؼβҳϷµΨһԸԵߣŬȥɣĪҪϷ˭Ժǿˡɱȳ죡
Ȼ֪ǶȳǺηʥ˭ȻҪע򸾵ʦ㹻


221 ֵϢ
֮󣬱ѩǱޣߴΪУҪ˵νԵ˵֣ݻԵҶЦϣҶЦδػϡǴΣߵĹඥඥĹʹģ˴˫幦ΪܻĲ졣
书Ҫȫѹסܹߵȫԭй˳עඥɣҲ֮ԭй书֮Ĳ죬֮ͣͲǰԾĹඥʦųں֮䡭
ҶЦΪߴҶЦĻֻ¾Ҫ̫ˣ˵ĹȫͬʲôĹߵʲô̶ȣʱжҪ޹ϣһ⴫ȱȫѹҶЦԪֻҪһѹֲסҪԪķɣͬʱҪһѹֹȣͻᷴıҶЦֱӰҶЦǳ߿Ӧļޣ
ҳɹඥҶЦúôҲֻ΢΢첻Ҫ˷֮µùԭй֮ĵִ˵ı״б
ֱ˴ԭԨԴģҲͬ±룬󻼶ࡣ
дңȻпǵ㣬ԤУϣԼ֧ż꣬еԵˣתԼĹʩչඥ󷨵ʱ߱ԳмԼܣ˼ǿʩֶΣ¼׹µ򸾣ԪٶȴҲֻ֧֣ѡ˶ΣԼһѧȭˣֻҪºԼѧ·ɴֲ׶ˣ
û뵽ǣȴѰ죬֮£ʳ˳챦֥ǰܹ֥ƻ޸֮꣬بԽ˿ɼԣƶĳ̶ǿžܼɳκԵܣʹ˵ԣҶЦȽ֮ҲҪ׾̾Աм̵ΪԶߵԤƣ߳ϵܾأͬѩһֻջ߲ɵΪ
Ӿм߱ܵɣĿѾ˹ඥܳɹע߼¼˵ǰ޹ˣʼնûü˵̫ĻȴľˣЦţ
ֻǡܹظһ£Ϊȴһ£ۺµؼ칬ĹԼķóһĽߵĹòƲɫֻͷ̫Ϊߵˣ۹ܵĻȲѩıķķռţԳ߹ܣͼ֮֮ҲδؾһҪתĹ
ȶڽһʱϽ˫Ǳ˫˫һ죬ʥԪƷΪۣ˵Ľ죡
ʵԼһ˶ߵܣܹʥԪƷ۷壬Ȼʹѩ֣ǾݻԵ޹ͬ
Ļǣѷޣͬиͬ
򸾽֮ΪУΪȶ֮󣬳ѩ¶Ҫ˵оأ¿Ǹصľ飬ѩ·ʶȴ棬ֻҪΪƾɲƣʵϣֻʱ䣬ѩ¶ѩԹ񣬴û˻ŴĹ
Ϊ򸾾ɱ뵱˴˶Ǹңѩޡ
жԵȴҲʡ͵ĵƣ˴һ·Կɱ¾һֱڣս³򸾱Ϊ൱ľǸ屻޶˸ü߽⣬ȭ֣Ҳɱ߰˰ˡ
˿̣Ѿľս֮ۡ
Цף쵶ͬݣ˸ÿһ˸Ҫ߶Էü˵ġ޵Сڴ˿̾ǿǰѤã߱ĿѪ죬ζ˱ǡ
Ϊľ˼Щ֣͸оѹԡ޵СɱҲ֮߷塣
ÿÿڳΧ֮ڵһʱس壬һγԴ
߰˴䴩֮󣬲ĹЦţﳤȥ
´үٴ֮գǽ⼸嵶ն֮ʱ
δ䣬ѾֱɭȻ֮УʧӰ١
棬Ѿɱðˣ֮䣬ȴĿȻ벻˼顣
ЩôҲ벻ף⹫ֻü΢ĩΪôز಻㾫ˣʩչõǺֵ޵Уգô
УبԽûܹѩĴ˵ôƵģ
һɽϢƬ̣һᣬҪһҳ׻𣻲ȴǱ״شԶӴܶһߵ÷ɿ죬ƺʲôˮ׷һ㡭
״һһСǣվסɶܵôææģй𣿡
һɫҰֽ˻ʲôﻹ¹λߣʲô£Ǿһծһĳ
ߣΪ棬סЩϸϸʡ
ǼȻҶЦȴҲЩ֮ˣ֪ǰĸʵǿĸ߽ߣǲҲһ֪޲޲õνߡָʱ۷
ߣǳЦҶЦ鼤


222 شͷ
һ֮ͣѩ缱·һ·Ϸ۵糸ٶȿǰ
زˣҳ׻ȥȥҶЦҲٰɣѩʵ
ôͲ٣ڻʲôܱȵҸֵžҪǺǴЦܵ˺ҲܲһܲҲҪɣʱŹЩѾƵСһӣҪǵ˺ֵܼ棬ǲǴ£

һ
һɽկ֮С
ߡͷȥʱв֪λߴ壬ֻǵһЦٸһЦ
·ǰһЩ˰ô˾һ˶ԸˣҪƴ˼Ҵ
һЦ
ǡڴʱһƺѩɽϴķ磬ųǵĺʵʲôôЦ
է֣һӰͬƳᣬȻɽ֮ϡ
ԭȺ˵ʱڼž˵Ĵͷ룬мǱվ˵㡭·ĲʵЦ̸ֵһЦ
еĴһϮ£Ҳ\ɴ˸˵ĸоһɽΪ䵭˵ʲôЦ̸˵
Ȼ˵˵ȴһ˿Ȥζ
ǣǣҲǲŸ֪Ϣλͷ찢ĵ˵ģߴϢ˵Ǳ߳һλĺĺݽɫѾɨɽӡĳһŽʲôߣʣ֪ν
ֺõĿŮӣ仰˵ʵǣһﲻܵǸõصĲѹεøɸɾһҶ¡Եţ˵ѹ֮ݣ˫Ǵʵ˸Ҳ޵úܣǴԲʵ޻֮֮ǡ
ŮӺһȤ˵֮ʲô޽ÿһ춼ᷢʲôֵϡ棬治֪ǻȤ
˵꣬Ҫȥ
λͷģģƺǱһĵ׺ݵǿˣžŲһλЦһȫ·ġôں쳾޽ͷһֶ̫ˡ
߻ûü˵꣬ͻȻ͸еԼòơϢˡ
ΪλȥӰ͵һһתһѾǰһֻ֣һѾס죬žͽа˳߸ߵĺӾٵ˰Уʵ˵ʲô
ʻ֮УڲеǷݼУǺ֮Ρ
λͷһͰ͵˵ҡû˵ɶϵʱ亹˳ЩŵôСʧȴֲ֪Լ˵ʲôɽĴôʧ̬
ѸղŵĻ˵һ飡λӵļɭ䡣
ŶͷԽԽ£һ£ͷһԺͻȻǺأҸղŲǸ˼
ȻĳˣΪԼǾ仰˵òԾ˴ۡ
λɭĿ⿴ˣǲǸߵôϸ˵˵
ԭ
ͷжʱһʯͷ˵أ˵Ҳˣ㣬֪һ˵һ¶ĵЦݡ
֪˵ŭˣһֽڵϣһŭɶ
ǣǣС˵˵λͷٺһЦӵġ
ܿͽܵϢһ˵һ飬˵ü꾡֮ǡ
ע⵽ԼĹ֮УԼλ۾òԽԽҲֳϸ΢Ĳ
ѵ˵
ͷвܲ΢Ĳ²⡣
ԼԭֻƬһСɵ죬ȻʵߣһƬؽ±ȴҲ£һֵһҲǿֵġ
Ϊĳһı٣һжˡ
һŮӴɽ¾ֵܼ̬ȣȴǶаģأǼһﵱͱԷһʬ⻹꣬ŮӸžɱɽ
ɽľʮ֣ϤסŹһţ֮ǰĿöһʬֵܣˣֻԼҲڽӣҲ֪ΪʲôλŮħͷģûɱˣɽס
֮ģԼĴλᣬϴΪ϶
ԴӴȨ֮ɽկȷʵһձһոˣ㱾Ϊǿؽ磬޵УΪɿ죬һʱˣٸһʱˡ
ȭͷǵķΧ£ɽկȻҲ͸ԽԽ
ͷЧȻҲԽԽࡣ
ߣߣȴӾͺùˣ෴ֵǵĿӸûоͷһ㡣


223 
λÿһ춼ͬһ㣬űŴϸƶ˱׼˶೤ʱҪʲôĽ
Ǵﲻ׼ֳͷֱǲף˽κһ
ö֮ɽկս֮ٽҲԽԽʢ𽥳ΪԲǧؽǿ
ڣ˶λ㶼һǴﵽ⣬ľ塣
ֻǣû˼ĿԶһصĺɴ
˽Ҳû˸۴ò⡣
ΪĶ쳣Ҳм۵ļһΪȴ˶۴£ֱӳȥ˳Ϊӵһıܷ
ҹ֮ŰǼǼһϢӶòתˡ
ԴԺ󣬹ڴٵĻͳһɽһĵĽ˸ἰ
ȥ֮⣬ľʹûмΪʲôϹ۽šӡ
ѵʲô·ˣ
˵λߡʹйϵ
ѣˣϹǳˣ
˵ߣһ꣬ݿʣ
ǡ
˵ߣԳЦҶЦ
ǡ
ߣӢֹ
ǡ
һ·߹
ǡ
˼Ѿɽ
ǡ
ɽһǧ
ǡ
һ·ͼҪ·ߵ֡
ǡ㣬Ҫʲôͷһ㣬ɽ˵ĺǾһǧʵ뻹Ҫ಻٣գɽˮȻȲ˵˵;ӵ֣һǷ֮޽ļܾݵ㡭·Ȼ޽ߣ֮ĸߵնȴҲ˶ٰ
ٷϻϽġ
˼
ٶ˵һ䣬Լȥߴţ
ͻ
ͷѸٵˡ
λ˵һԼٶ˵һ䣬ĵȥǱˡ
ǲð
ͷרĻͼʱ򣬴վɽ۾ʯϣ̧ͷңԶľ˼һۣ֡㽣ɬ
ӣϢ
Ͼˡ
ӣң

һ
ߵĴ˵ͬϡ
Ů˷ܵ񱼡
ˣҪˣ˵ʲôҪ뿪ˡ
̫ˣ˪㣡
ұ㿴ҵϣʱûУǱˣǱˣ᲻᲻ǰˡ
ѽѽ¶࡭զôأҪȿҡʱǲɹˣȻҾ͸㣬ʱıˡ
㣡

㣡
졭·ôԶ˵ɽ⡭
ɶԼˣҪҡ
Ҿôһ˵ѵ㲻Ȳô
ҵȻȲ
Ҳ֪ɩǼûС
ɩǺøȻҵǴôõˣи֮˰
Ŷ˪˼ˡһҪߴţ
ѾͷҲ˺죡

һ·һЦ
ɽأɽˮ򣬶ĳط
ƺĳصشһ޴ĴЩˣɶ˻һ㣬ҹ̶
˾ϲãĪ԰оΥڴԼĿ̹˼
ĳص㣬룬պյߣЦҶЦ˼Ϣһèһӥһĳ˼ͷֻǡһ￴ò޺غܣΪλһֺĳĳ̱ɹŶƤ
ʵǳԵ̫ˡ
һͷļ޷绪⯣ʵζ
ҶЦʳָ󶯣ǿƳһ뻹࣬ɣһĳ̫һɣտܣ˵˵ãԺԶãһ·ôһ飬óҲ
һô󣬵Ϣ绪⯵ȴûܵķݣݽɫԵôãӲ㣬ǰպϣǸϽ״̬»Ҫ·ҶүĽų̿൱ٵġ
ڴʱԶһС
ܹŹֻ֣˵ɫզŮһЦϸֱȴַóһͷڽС
ԭ̱ҶЦͷĶһ˫С䡰⡱һֱ
ӥࡰһֱë
ʲôôҶЦ״Щ֣һʱԼͬʱĳȴ״Ρ
ôǺԭһͬӦ
ؽһͻȻӻһ׹⣬縡Ӱһ㼫ݳͬʱСӥҲ˸߿գһɫһţ
ɶҶЦеˡ
һȻкҲһͰԼƲˡ
֮ǰôǴûзĹ¡


224 ֮ս
һеʲôջؾȻԼСȫˣ
ӥٵҲˣɶԳԼʲôһ飬ôûҲ̫ס˰ɣ
ֱǡ
ҶЦһǺܵģ

Զһֻһ·ηж֮
ֻ֮Աֵôη壬˼ɣ֮ˣΪ֪޽Բʮĵϣû˸ҶԼ˭ɵԼ˷޵У
޵У޽Ƭؽ磬ݺ޵еĴڣ
ֻȫ޹˼ɡ
ÿһ죬ɳˣѾγϰߡ
գò湻ˣŵ߿⾰֮ǰǺߵġǺܼóԵҲ࣬Ŀɽˮġ
ֻѾ⣺תһȦһԼĺľͻȥˣԺҲˣôɽˮ»ȥһҪϴ۾
Ȼʱ򣬱
񾪼·էһ׹⣬һӰԼ߼һһ׵ƶٶʵ̫죬ֱֱѾԼҪ죬ԷԼ⣬ô
ͷóԷԼĽ֮󣬶پһ֮£ֻһƣȴȻɵĸ߶ȣ
ٶȻûüȫ淢ӣٶȶۣѾǳ˾󷶳ĳ̶ȣȻ֮һһ׻Ҫѷɫһ֮ǰĹо룬Լġ
漴͸оһӰǰ
ۣ
һֻССצӣһǳ˴ۿϡ
ͷʱһҽУӴӾȻССһȭͷһЩ׹
°ãǰ׹֮ǰֳٶȾǼޣǾУ棬ǽǳڵ֮ơ
ǣָоͷһʹϮϸȴһͷСӥֻצݺץԼͷϣ͸˹ͷ
ԭֹ׹ٶδչӰٶҲδͬʱֻٶȸԼΧԼ
ֻҽУƴһ㼱ӳȥչʮɿ˫һ֮䣬·ٿ
һһڣһèһӥʼոϣǶһ㲻϶ϣֻèϵػȭͷ޴
ÿһȭͷԼϣһķ
ƫƫ˼ڸ߿ռٷڣֻצ޴ʩչȫץԼŰС㡭
Ǵɳǧؽ磬Ⱥʮ߰˼èȭһڿڽɫѪӶ罫ͻȻԼԱģܰ
šһǴ޴ͻȻ伱СҺһ¼׹
ǰֻɲǹ⾰СֻȸС
ʶСӥ⧲Ȼ˦˳ȥȻ˼ȴԵӴһһèշŵأ˶ݡ
ۣ
ͬʱˤڵϡ
ͷתĴӵһèһݺݵĻӣ۾ŭ⡣
էһСӥܻĳĲˬԼݰԹоȻһͷ˦ˣ̫ˣҪһسӡ
˼ֻȸһССɫȫѪҺѪҺֻýɫֳɫͬɫǰһɫģһ̾ɫģȻǷɫģɫģɫġ
ΨûкɫģѪҺֳɫ
ͷСڵϣ첡һĲϿԡ
׺ݵĿԹ֮
ۼѶָһĴݣŵèΧСתȦһһģڡСҲϵת
ͷСϵϢȻѷɫڵСӥֻ±СӥҪǿһЩѾƿ˾ƣ֮ȴҲֵĵطè߿ţʵȴּѰҶԷԼһֵĿԣϣСӥ֮ǰ֣ºеצģɴ˼
ôһζߣȻҲȥķţӥСӸϹΧ͵÷һˣѵղű˦˳ȥ˿ԶĻᣬȴҲֵĻᣬġ
һӥСӥȻն£ϬצӼŽƷ֮߶ʮһץСһУκӣһ㿪ȻԱߵĶȴѿͬĺӶһצӾͽֻСץ˺ۡ
󡭡Сһŭ˻ͻȻһţ
ӦԷʽ˵ĳҶЦڴҲҪʧɫǡһŴӭȥԽڵһȥ


225 ص
СٶƲ棬ΪҲΪСӥǺϻΧɱ֮ѳɣȴɱͷ
Ȼһ̶Сӥȴɵۡ
ΪͷСòһſž˵صס
СӥһУβ彫ȴǺݺݵײڵϣȻײһӣȴҲֻüֻβѤëץһѣҪԼ淴߻أͷĿѣ
սֻСԾɻʧˣѳħơ
ŭĴһأ
µëըݺݵصСӥ
˭ôܲͶֵģұҪˣûѾѾ˵èסˣֻҪȥûΪĲ֣սʧصģ
СӥίعһͷȥȻҲ֪Լ
Сӥצأ߬ѤõëҪӵһǳ⣬ֻץëȥˡ
λ޴˻ˣҶЦ۾һĺһԴʼưʵᡣ
ء

ҪƱ磬Ǿ֯޼ɣ浱ƲǲҶЦŭȫһؿռؽգ
æһؿڣǵԴȥȣСӥҲǷϼͷСԴϵزȥֺá
ǳ̬СӥҲˣȻǱĳˣӲĳ˻ͳס
С쵰ҶЦ޿κεЦˡ
ҶЦȻһʱģȴһֺá
Ȼ䣬Сӥԭ߬צĲɫëƮ䣬ҶЦǰ
ԭҲʲôڵϵëͻȻ䷢˹仯òƾͺʲôˡ
ʲôҶЦۼʶһ£ѿʵ
ڵϵ£òĸͷףðһ£ǷƷεΪۡ
Բʲôë
ϸ֮ȴÿһֻСָͷϸһ߶೤滹зֲ棬ϸܵĸ룬ĳľĸ֡
ëȻ
ء۾ɵùԲؿŵϵЩ
СӥҲˣȻëıϡ벻Լһ·ץģȻ˹ɱȺö
һ̣һèһӥͬʱҶЦҶЦҲҪΪ֮̾ٶȷȥϵĸ״
أҵģ
ҵҵģ
ͳͳҶЦһ𣺡Щȫҵˣ˭Ҷһ£ؽհ꣡Ӵֱӹһ꣡
Сӥͬʱ㬵ͣס˰ۡ
ûô޳޽ڲٵˣȻԼĳԵģҲٲҪҪɶһˣ
ӵʰͷɢĸҶЦǰ죺ʲôȥĹӣɴյԼǼһ£Ȼоһɳʹ˳ǻʱһϢС
ƵȻȿռ֮еĻҪŨɣ
ҶЦĴһ
ʱϵ޾ռ俰ƷٿǰԿռеŨȻɢݳķľҲǼߣŨ˹Ǻŵ£
⵽Ǹʲôأ
ʶ룬ҶЦãȻ⡣
ĳּ߼ĵرĸֱļֻҪߵú׺װɡ
ģҶЦࡣ
䡭ָֻŵһ͡
˵һֻ񣿡ҶЦʱɴ۾ȻĽ𺳵
Сӥһ͵ͷ
ҶЦһΣ񣿵ϳ
Ƿһֻ񡭡ȥһܣҶЦͷˮ
Ȼ󡭡ϴˣСȻ䵽ϽŴС񻹻Ϊ˵ã
Ȼ󣬶Χ֮
СͻȻݵˣ
Сӥβ׷ץסβë
βë֪ʲôʱȴ
񣿸룿
ҶЦ±ơ϶϶ûеƭԼѳŭϹ˵̫˰ɣʲôʱ޵ëԱֲĸˣ
ⱲҲû˵ʲôء
զ£˵˵㣡ҶЦתͷŶ
ͷɥıȻСӥɵ̫ðʧС𣬸Ŀ꣬ۿͿҪץסˡһͻȻϳս֣Сҵ϶ɵӥսսʧأֻˡ

Сӥ磺˭뵽ֻȻأҪԼСסˣƨָңôܲս˵ˣʱҺôץסһëȴȫûӦòã˭ûá
Ҹϴô˵ҪóȻ׷ô޴׷ϣȻǿ磬ŲҿһĿ
һèһӥֿʼһţ໥˺ơ


226 ҩ
ͣҶЦϽֹޣͷ綷˵˵ʲôһ鲻᲻֪ʲôɡ
ءһָֻš
˵ҲʲôǣûĺöԺַϻظ˭֪ǰδĺöУԺҲҴʲôһˣ
ءŭĿҶЦָֻš
ȫˣ治УЩŲ֪Ϊ¡ţô˵Ҳеġţ˵֮ǰҲ˵Ƶ״һĵرȫӵԣɸ컯ܻΪ֣ݣ
Ψĵرʣ
ҶЦԽʣԽǸоԼΡ
ĵرر컯䵽Լ
ֱһ붼еҪҸˡ
ǶġءȴҶЦѲ٣Ҹ棬ʼ֮Ĵʢ
˵ͷʵ˵ģϹƣҶЦ˵ʱȵŴϲ£
ϾȻɵ棿ôĵرȻ֮ԼΪ֮ţ
ȻҪɣ
⡭
ޣʣ˺֮⣬ʵڡ̫˰ɡ
˵һδֻ֪ӦǼʱһͷֻ֣ǵΪƯ͸˭һŷּʶ
϶ĵͷǶһϿɡ
ҶЦ룬׿ĳԴ֮⣬ź
챦ܹӴҩܣѾһˣ
ûκߣԿջ󣬶Ųԣ
ҶЦԴ˲תͷԼĵ伮ʯعһ飻Ƶķ֣ûκιֶļء
е伮˵ĳֶĵرԵʻ֮£Ķ˸񣬾߱ԣջˣôôġ
ȻҲڴ˵еĵʣһѭ
Ȼҩģʵ̫ԡǾ޽еģ
Ȼ˵ҩԲߣ䲻ԣ̸߾ΣƾɰƯı󣬽һǿѿɼһߡ
ֲʼֲܹʼգԼݡ
⡭
ֱһԵװ
˵ΣյĵطȫҩȻڹһ㡣
һʶ㶼׵ĸ߽߳ϦദһСľҪһٲҩȴ̩Ȼػڣһޱȣȫɡ
޲˵ҩֶεĸ߸ˣ
ҸݶҩΪһֻζԣ֮СӥҪԸߣѾﵽ߼޶ĸ߶ȣСӥҲŲ߼޸߽׶ѣ
⡭
ҩļǺεȵĻˣ
նжϣһ궥ҩʹԵʻᣬԻ񣻵ڸտʼĽ׶ΣԾɲһʱڡȻԽԽǿ岻ϽסǶʱΪʱȴǿ϶ģĿеǸ׶ΣȻȹҪһλԵˣֻҩھȻĸ߶ȣ˵˾ˣ
˵ҩıָ̣ȥһεȿֲĵزأ
»ֻôһ룬ҶЦҲʱо
ҩҪˣ
һҪˣ
еͣʵ⻰˵ҲδɣСĻµĺöҵ뷨ȻѾĳ˸մȾˣ˼ҩɾ͵ڵĸ߶ȿνѵҶЦ涼ûϣѾ˼ҩˣ⡭̫ԵˣҲе㲻Ҫɶˣ
Ҫ˵ҶЦҪҩռΪУҲȫΪԼҶЦ⵽ΪûץסֻţҩЩ޾ɣһԵơ
־һ֡һһĻǰûϧ»ˡһΡ
֮ĺڣźƻзŭ
ֻǺܿ죬ͱҶЦ˵ģһй֮޲֡
ҶЦӽľռ䣬Ȼ󡭡
䡱һľռˣ
ǰȣХֱײֱӻ籩ľռǽڳ˳޾ռ䡭
䣬޾ռ֮г仯ľռ䣬ľռֻڴ󱬷Ҳûɶ̫仯Ԫռ֮С
ЩעľʯȻľռӿһ˲䣬һӶٿţ
ٿţ
ֻôһ˲䣡
ҶЦҲźˣ
⻹ֻҩ˴ŵļԣȻѾЧ궼õĻǽ
ҶЦֱӼˣ


227 ɵ
ҶЦҶԣֻҪԼõҩԼľռ佫֮Բ
޾ռ䣬Ҳ˶ǰһ󲽣
Լ񹦣п֮ͻƵĲ㣡
Լ߼𣬺ܴǡ𾳣
ȻЩɹǽڽҩԵǰ£
ҩ񡭡ĸˣҶЦð⡣

СӥήҵĵͷһҪӣżȻ̧ͷҶЦĿ˱ӣڿһɵӡ
ԽԽɵˣ֪ˣ˼ǴӵصߵģҪ֪ĻôŹ
ҡҶЦһ־ߣȴȥһƣҪ򶼲֪ȴҪôң

ҶЦͷɥͷɥСӥͷɥ
ͷɥļһһǰߣһ߰̾Ϣ
һɶȻ޴ģ
û竣ٷϷˣ
ղŶСӥҩǶĻԵõĻᰡ
ôĶô
ֻᣬһѾԵǾԲڶεģ
ôǵҩΣ֮ôܻ᷸ͬĴ
ԵˣٴηٵĻĲºô
߳Ծ԰и۵ơ
ڴʱǰһ˺ĳХص죡
ǵХԴͷһ·߹һֱ˵ƣȻ˼ǧ֮⣬ɽ֮ơ
ͨӦҶЦѾԸоԷɢǿѹ
֣
ƣ鳤Ķǿߣ
λǿߵĳХȴһѹֲסֻ˵ѹֵŭ
ܹóɲףʲôǿأ
ҶЦв죬²ؼ߸߹ɲԸسһλǿߵŭŶԾһ·ǰ͵û
Ȼ˲Ϣ֮䣬ХϻûֹͣǿֲƣѾԼͷϡ
ңܸɴͣ²ˡ
СӥԭϢͬʱ
ּȻղŷҩϢʱһģһڡȸղŻҪӼ
զ£ҶЦ˼Ѿеһ˿ȴϣԼϣҪ档
ء˷ܵüɫ裺ǸղҩϢ
Сӥ͵ͷϴ˵öԼˡ
ҶЦƤһ鴤ǲ˵ǰλǿƣĶǿߣҩˣǸɵ棿
أ

СӥһĿͷ
ԲۣҶЦĿࡣ
Ԥ㣬Լ͵ǰԣµ״ˣ
ƣӦǡСȥ״Ȼǰˣ
£ȻôĻҩ˵İԵ
ҶЦһʱֱЩӦˣԼ⵽̤Ьٴȫѹ򣿻ǡϵڱڱʵͺñȻƳɵȻǼüõ£ҵˣܷסСȴһˣ
⡭ʵģʹŰ
Էλ֣Ҳҩˣǲǳɵʱö֪ΪԺǿҲǳǸǿߣ룬ҪԼǿö࡭
ҩҲܷѽ
ɽˮ·һ尡
ҶЦ˼ԵǰĶԲߣȴէȻͷϴһıŭ
㣬ʹ޴ҵСԣ
Ȼܿ񱩺ŭҶЦԾɲһ̿סЦ
Сԣ
ҵĸԹԡ
ѵҩ˵ûһɵ棿
Ҫأ
ҶЦƺϣжϳһҩѰĳ谮ֻǣݳ谮ȴǽڱҩ񳹵ڹĻϵġ
죬ǰӰȻһΣһӰȻҶЦǰһ˫۾ͬҹһտ
Ŀ֮ƺ谵֣Ҳ˲ȻǷݺƣɽһѹȴľ
һֱҶЦͬеĶڳѹ֮ʱ̱ڵϣǿһôûͶصſ£ͷ亹оһƬ
ʼʥԪߣڸ߼Ĵ֪˾ƣȻѾʥԪޣǵʱߣ۽Ȼע
ߴߴ
һöͣСͬŮૣ쳣Ŀɰ
ҶЦһۿȥֻǰ󺺵ļͷվһֻɫʰ쵵СֻȸСı쳣Ծ
˿һ߱ţһһֻƯĳָԼߣţָŶСӥСһһϵڸ״
ˣֻɶèֻɶӥ۸ңһҪΪҳ
ҶЦһۿȥҪЦˡ
ΪֻСȱβҲûȱʲôë
ȻԼֲȥˡ


228 ʦ޵У
ҩεĺôֻҪ㹻صҲ˲Ȭȱ
ȻҪǲȥУ˿ڣƱػɱҩйôƵȲѩޣȱԼ˸ˡ
Ǻôĵӣһŭ𣺡Ȼ˱۸ҵ񣡡
۸񡭡
ҶЦҲͲסۡһ˳
⻰˵á̫ɶ˰ɡ
ȻȤҪãޣ⻰ôȫζأıŤ
Ǵ󺺵۾ҶЦСӣ㻹Цèӥ۸ҵ˵ôɡ
ҶЦסЦ⣺⡭֮Ĵܣ̫ҲѰѲҲõţԳԾ·ŵ棬ȴʵڲԸģ
Ǵ󺺲Ȼŭ죬ô˵èӥռ˱ˣҵҵӣͬУ
ҶЦҲ̲סЦ⣬ŶЩûЦ
ӣҵҵأÿ˶֪Ǵ£Ҳô󣬴ĵ˵ɡ
ЦʲôЦǴ֮ˣȻҲԼ֮е壬̺죬漴ŭСȻȡЦҷ޵У
޵У
ڴµĶһ֣о֮ɫŨ
޵УȻǸֲħһ
޽һƬ޵УһĿֲ
޵СҶЦ֣֣ǰúܣֻǲ֪Ҫô
֣޵бףƾСҲϷ֣
ͷѤСҲǳЦζع漴ڷ޵мǵĲ˲䣬ί౽Ȼڴߴٷ޵ΪԼ
ϷҪĺܼ򵥣èӥϷ޵кһЦСӱԶһۣһĿͿԹˣϷԣײɱ䣬Сӱˣ
ԶһۣһĿ
ҶЦͷһɻȻ
ҶЦ΢΢۾޵У֮˵ֻǳ֮һЩСС֣·Ҫ̬Ƶ˫˶ľ𣿡
޵һŰĵҵ۸˫裬ȻŪˣҲ£ĳﲻ֪𱰣·ϣôܲܵͷİ취Ѿ꣬СӣӦ֪ҷ޵пɲʲôĴ֮ײɱ䣬ȴһɱ䣡
ҶЦ۾¹ȻĴ֮ȻЦҶЦȴҲĽɫҪҸۣƾʵȡɣ
ҶЦߣ޵Ŀ¶⣬עҶЦԭ㣡
ҶЦһѿԷֵ̰ɫβ֪ǰ˴ʲô⡣
ֻСͷϷȥߴߴһɾӸ֮ˣһ߷ɣһ߲סóָҶЦͬһһָֻű˽һ㡣
ҶЦֻжȻһ˿Ц
ƾֻҲң
֪ӵڹھ£ƥô
ôѵ㣡
޵У˵֮ǰЯԹڱ˴ϵĶˡҶЦ¶мһ˵ɫֻǾǵĿҲǱֵ죿
ʲô˼޵ضҶЦеԽԽУ̰
һֻ֣ȻԼĺָ彣Ľ
ʹȲʤȯλЦҲʢһʱսɱ߹ĺݽɫ޵вûйӵˡ
޽ôã޵Ѿ֮
κεˣܽΪԼ಻Ҫ鷳
ʲô˼Ҿ˵㷽޵ʵһɵ棬ɵ棡ҶЦﲻݣһ٣޾ӣ翴ɵӵĿ⿴ŷ޵УµһȵߣֻѾפټãȴȻеͨɫϾԷ֪ͷеĴɷ룬Ҫɵ棬˭ǣ
޵вȻŭСӾңòͷˣ
ҶЦ
Լѻ˵ȵزľȻǡµһȵԼ¡
ѻ˵޵㷴ӦùעĽˡ
ҶЦһղŵﱾˣӻΪָԽ򣿣
˵
㣡
ͷҶЦ˵µһȵ֮ʱѲ֮ǰţֵضҶЦͣ˫΢ţҪ׼
ȻҩĹԾ뾯ȴǷǵпɱȣҶЦ֮ʱһ
ȴҲߴߴȵͣڷ޵мͷһ˫ԲС۾ҶЦԼأԾɲ
һ˵ġµһȵò˵Ұɣ


229 ǽͣ
дġ
һᣬ
һȻᣬȴշͷٶȾ֮Ϊ飬ȴǲСġ
ֻе鷳
Ȼʵµһһ¶ݣȴǴİȴǴ
޵Ժһ漴ϡһνʣ¶Ѫ⣬ɫȴȫȻ侲ҶЦ֮ݱ޽գձӯ֮ʱɣ
ҶЦȻԼԼòҲв٣ӯ֮˵ȴ״ţȻЦЦ˺˫һ֮£Сӥһգ΢΢һ˲ʱʧ˵֮С
ͬʱҶЦȻһ죬Ѿһѽ
ǾΥǳ
һ֮ʣǳ֣֮һӣէȻƬ¡
ҶЦĿǳδ޵У˵޵УΨţȴȣ
ҶЦٺ쳾ΪȻһ·߸ͽȻΪֹȫͷӦǿУΨһһ﹫ӣҲǲݲ£ȴǴûһԾһսʵս֡
Ȼ󲻷ʵ֮ˣҶЦΪͻʥԪ֮֮ǰԪ֮ʱһ㣬ʥԪͬʵţ뱾У˫ʩչɱУдҶЦԣ޶壬˴޽֮Уһ·Ȼս࣬ÿսʽȫ̸֣һս
Ψд˿̣޵УһΪԶԶԼ˴һ󾳽ǿߣҶЦһս̲֮סȼա
ʹ֪ǰһΪԼǿö࣬δֹۣҶЦԼ޾֣δؾǰһ
ؼǣǽһԼʵΪ׵ʲôزĴʱ
ԼԼͬ޵ʼԼΪģûоʵսǰ˿ɲԼͬףǱԼ߳һ㣬ȻȲϳɫ𣬵ҲڳĴܡ
ǸĶǿߣԼǵһζ
ҲҶЦһս
֤ʵʵԼʥԪĸڴۣ
ͬоŶԷսķ޵УɫһС߸߷𣬲֪ȥ
ս½𣬳ϣв㡣Ƕʵã޳ڲ࣬Ӱ첻󣬵ǿߣǿ֮ս֮֮ȴǲݺӣȻаá
ԷҲԼĳȻҲ³꣬սзġ
Ƿ޵ȴ֪ҶЦ˼˳ȴֹǵ¶ӥգӥټĿ£ԶԶǰӿֲ
˽ǳҶЦǳҫޱĽܵ˽ȡ֮ǳ֮ģ׺ǣɽ߲ʻƣʱһʮǧɣʮ޼᲻ݣβƣϽ࣡
޵һ˿졣
֮̾ȻսȻ޲öֶԼ˽ԽԽãԼĵԽԽã˼ʿս֮ǰҪ˽Լı̣˵Ǿ޽Сû뵽ԼھȻһ
ֻǶԷ̹ϣǰԼҲʧӡ
ǽͣ޵֮
ǣҶЦɫޱϲΨĿȴ۽ڷ޵н֮ϡ
޵һн˽ںǳ֮ĸĸɽֵ֮֮ȶľɣǰʱ֮꣬գնɽѤð˷˽߽޼᲻ݣΪƷ
Ʒ˵ĺýҶЦ¶֮ɫ
ߣ⣬ΨʺԼı֮ѡȻһ絤ҩһʡˮƽʱضƷ֮𣬴¿ɷΪƷƷƷƷƷλƷȼȼ
ųϵıҪ벻֮УҲνĴ·Ѱ϶ұıƷֽѰǧ֮侫ұɵı֮ﵽƷϵıϡƵı֮ơ
粽𽣣Ʒˮ׼ֻ֮еһƷȻֻһƷѾǼΪ󣬷ǻԵĪС
ȻҶЦԺ𽣣Ʒ֮УҪƷ֮еٮٮߣʵеıҶЦ֮ȻȲϲ𽣣Ʒˮ׼
޵е֮Ʒ佣֮Ҫ֮һνƷ֮еļƷ˵˵ãǷ޵ʵʵһۣ֮ʵ׿Ҳܱд˽
һϡں쳾첻ʵݵǾӷּ࣡
ĽҲ޵е˵
޵֮ȻܶϤҶЦʵؾΣֻѿʾ˽׿Խδؾǿڱһ뵽ս֮Լٻһ棬е̰


230 
룡ҶЦ֡
룡޵Ҳ֡
ҶЦٲѻһХէ죬سӺһ㼱𣬷ȴǾȺ֮䣬֮Ȼ¡
޵һȣǿϴ˽
һתȻâӭҶЦ
˫Ʒ׽൱ĻΪʤؼ޵˾þս֮˼ȻѡԼ֮˵̣֮ΪԶʤѹҶЦ
һЦЦ˻ģҶЦۼԷ淴ˣӾǳסΨ佣ȴǴ˷ȴǱ仯档
úã޵ǲܣȴǼתһȦ˸ȴͬʱһ⣬ӲƴҶЦϮ⡣
Ƕ֮£ио
޵˲ʱȷϣҶЦֻʥԪƷΪԶѷԼֻҪ˫Ӳƴǿʤܣȫ޽أԼ۱Ȼʤ
ҶЦߣȴҲͬϤһص㣬ҶЦԽʥԪ֮󣬹ʥԪ߿νһţȻ֮ǰӷ޵Ϊ֮ʱȴһƬʣҸӦϢǿóȻ߶˫㾳ǿһңɼľ룬ȴڳ֮ϣԱжϴΪ֮У
Ȼ˼ʵϣ֮£ǲʸоȫȻ棬ҶЦ䲻˵׶ϤԷʵҲ֪˶ԷʵޣȷʵѾԽʥԪƷΪ벽δܵΡ
֮ȳǿһǳԪԪһһգȻƲԣһҲǴΪƣĶǿһ㽫Ϣշģ豹棡
ҶЦӴ˽⵽ǿǿӣȴδزɺ١ԼǿԺģ
ҶЦһתһתԭа˸Ľһּ˹Ĺ켣ۼһһ֮Ľâȥ
˼Ԫ
ҶЦ˽һ޻أ
⼲⣬գ۹⾰ѾϮ˷޵еǰ
޵кὣһӲƴ
˫Ȼཻ
䣡
ҶЦƮɣ
޵¶ϵľɫ㲻̲֮סһȻǽмң˽ȴ˵ã˹ע֮ϣȫɬģֻǼֹڴ˵Ļⲻ˰ڴ˵Ľ֣
ղһƴսֶԣȴҶЦռơ
ҶЦһ˷з޵вʽԶԿֻѡ˷һʮᣬҶЦһȴְ˷˽һУתΪйǬһ
˼ʷ޵֮ǰİ˵ȴѻزס
һ˳޵ȻӦҶЦһǷ޵ʼΪԶʤǿԪԪܣҶЦӲƴ˫ƴһƽɫ
սֳƽҶЦռ޵ȴڳҶЦ۱ذ֮˵ǴԲѣʵȴǲȻҪ֪ղһƴҶЦ߿νǼ޵ǱȴǲִӦԣ಻ƽʱһ룬˳Ӳƴսȴƽɫ˫ʵսǿίʵǸ·
޵мңԼղһ侮·Ե֪ΪҶЦĽ̫ŻȾƣԼֻҪΪ佣ĽֻҪ޷Լóȥֻ˫״ӲƴҶЦӰ֣֮
ҶЦһ֮£˳ҲЩ𶯣ʥƷ۷ֵʵԼĲ֣Ӫ죬ԳΪԷȫȻչӲƴսȻǱȶԷһ
ǵȫ޻ٵӲƴԼ˼ʾδܣҲҪܴѪ
ʵ࣬Ǽ֮ңԶģ
ҲҲһ޵һڿգһɺڣһͷצ˻¡
⣬һɽٲȻӾ̣ӿ¡
Ц죡ҶЦһ
Цŭһ
Ц˻ģһ
Ц£һ
ЦǶһ콵ϧӲƴǽʵΪҶЦʹкȴԾǽڽڰˣ֧
˸֮ʣҶЦէѪɽȴȻˡ
ǳ
ҶЦһХƺҪƴˣȫһǳŭһǿƳ˶ԷĽ˺ʮɣֱ䷽޵У
޵кһңԽΪȻΪнԼ彣Ȼǭ¿ô
˫էȻһϣȻǳץС
ҶЦʧȥʤѶ
ȻʱҶЦͻȻһ
ڷ޵еǳͻȻ䡱һ͵ը


231 һ
һʵ̫Ҹ޵⧲֮µʱѪ˲ᡣ
ɵÿŭʲôз
ҶЦıݣ̫ҵĽѳ֮Σ
нѳҶЦɫƺҪ񣺡֮ڣ֮սѳڵ֣֮˵Ҳһиɣ
ͻȻһ㣬˼޽ֿȭƴϣ
ڣҾͳȫ㣬׷Ѱѳһ߾Ȫɣ޵дһȴǽԼĽҲһߣһֻ߬ȭͷһ㣬ǿҽڱɱ
Է֣ңȻ˼ʽѳ֣Ȼȥɽˮĵز˫Ϊʵ̫ԶʹƴҲΪԸһνȫûѹġ
ֻɱǰһϵĶһգԼҲͻȥˡһֻܳҵȥ
ƽһθȽ߽ء˶ЩϧϧĻǿ棬ƷȴԼУǴ۵вɣ
޵룬ȴǰҲٻȫԸһȦڱɱ
ۿԼȭͷҶЦȭͷѾҪӴˡ
һȭ֮󣬴Ҳͽˡ
޵һȴǿдݹȣټ߱Ƶ֮ϣ˽ۡ
˫һ޻֮ƣ޵бɱһȭȥɣȻʷ֮˳ҶЦȴ˫Ӵ֮ʵһ˲ͣסˣһͣͣͻأ֮ͬʱԭŵȭͷϣԱһŽâ
ŽâԻ͵ѤֻǳţѾ߱˾µİ
ƺ£ƬǿգеĹâŽ֮ǰҪȻʧɫ
޵ɷǼֻоԼһĪʹէֵĽ⣬Ȼȫɬ˺ԼǹƤԼ˺÷飬أδһ·ǰ߸ͽԼĸ첲Ҳ䳹˺飬ڳǰ죡
һûоʹ˻֮࣬һ˼ٺˣֻ˺ͬʱֽܵĹľΪȻ
䣡
һ죬ض𺳡
޵⾡һƣȻѾʥԪߵļޣ
ҶЦҪ׷һҶЦ
ҶЦԾûз׷ȴΪΪҶЦϣ֪ʱһɫı
ǾΥĽ
һƵ˲䣬һڴӣҶЦ˳
ҶЦǰ޵ƴȫķһƣڽϣ
˵һէ֣⼸ƬصҶЦѪ˿ˣŲ⣬ǿ׷޵У
뵣Ȼ
ҶЦĵ֮һ
䣡
źӶɵķ޵ҶЦ׷˼ڸղսǧ֮⣬ֻұۣͬҼ磬ѳ׷飬ѪȪ
ؿڣһӡأɢɫ뵣
ҶЦǿķ֮ܣס޵еķһּƮƮһƴ˷޵ǰأ˳ƶˣ
һƿ赭дȴǱ񹦾˲Ӵ㼸޵еľȫ顣ɱԣȷն鷽޵еҼұۣһ񹦱㹻÷޵ֱ
Ǵ˼˫һƻȴ˳ŷ޵еҼʧشδ
˵зн·ʮһƣҶЦҲлӡһƣпڷ޵
еʧԼ㡣
޵ֽ״ĶҶЦ촽þҶţãͻȻһϽɫѪ޳ܣ㡭Ͳǽߣ
ǿνѳҲ彣
һʼң
˵һ䣬޵Թ죬ԹüҪ޳ϵĶ񵱣ǴʵԼ˽ȥ
Ҵû˵ǽߡҶЦν֮ȫ˵İɣ˵Ҵͷβһ˵㶼Ѿ˵ҪɱңǾҵÿһ仰ÿһ֣ԣΪԵ˵Ĺ⣡
мƣ£֮Իмƣֻ˵һɵ棬˺ȣ
޵ҧ޳ܣ
ҶЦȻһЦǳĵҪ˵ǳɵ棿
ҶЦһʼͿһڷǳԼݣýߵľսʽ׳޵нĲʡ
ǸʱʼһԷ޵е壬Ѿγɡ
֮ǰᵽǳʣ˴˽ֲ֮⣬ģĶģʲô֮ǳ֮ģ׺ǡȫǻʵ㲻١
Ƿ޵ʼʥԪߣ벽֮ˣŷּʶκһ涼ҪԶʤˣȻҪ֣Ҫõľ


232 ش̫
ٵǿڡǳҶЦԴӵڹս֮ʱ̫̫ģһ˵ȣһƷ˼һƷ޵֣Ĳ£
ӷ޵ȷҶЦǡߡһ̿ʼѻ˷޵е³ǺεȲҵ
ȻҵĽҶЦһ䰮޵еעԼеĽЦ˽ҵľ
޵ŭ
ǰѾϽ·ɡҶЦǰ޵УĪҪΪУ
޵л۹ԹĹâǿ֧ӣ˵ҶЦһ²⣬Σ
ҶЦʲô£
ղ˵һ仰ûҽ͡޵вţ˵µһ֪ȴ˵Ѱɫʲô˼
ҶЦµʱһЦ
仰Ƿ޵вʣҶЦҲԷ˵ףڶԷȻ˳»
ԭĲײ֪ҶЦЦܵԩ
޵ǿʹ࣬άϢɢԸꡣ
Ȼ²ˣȺ
ҶЦٺһЦ֪ʲôĻԵܹ߱һ㣬һ޵УҶЦһֵֹһ޵У쳾죬Ҳδĵ֣
޵лһͻȻ¶ľȣʲôԵЧܾ˹
ӵĻԵȴһֱûã֪ڣһҪˣ
ҶЦ̧ͷȥʶѸţһȷͷС˼ʲûڸפĿĵĸԴĻԵڣ
޵һʱȻȻʲô˼ʲôĿĸԴôҵĻԵˣ
ҶЦЦǰĿģΪĳΪĳ񱨳𣿻Ҫ˵øһô
޵мٵ㡭˵ҵǡʲô
ҶЦſ񣬺Ϊһͷ𣿹㵱µһɵ棡˫޶ԣǰ󣡡
޵кһǿסŭɵ棬ɵ۾Ϲǲѵһ˲ɣ
ҶЦä˵Լѡֻı壬Ƭ֮µһȵĵر˵µһҲΪ˵Ҳԣȴǲˣһҩ߱Լʶ߱˻ֻڻ֮ʱûгΪΣǻһֻ񣬲ҲãԻԼ
޵еʱĿࡣ
ΪҲӦ֪ҩЧһ£һҩΣ壬߼޲ΣҪεȵĵָ̣кεЧ
ҶЦЦֲ֧۾ǳֵ㣬ӵôһĵر֡һ죬һ޵еĻԵߣÿһ춼λʵ֡ȴäֻǽ֮һֻ¼䣬ѵбЦ𣿻бɵô˭äأ޵У˵أ
޵д˼ʵɫǲҰֽ
ԷռƣûҲûбҪʱƭ˵ʵ顣ؼģ֮ǰʵҲвԼкܶ쳣ֻ֮Ǵûⷽȥ룬Լմմϲɡ
Ȼ˿̱ҶЦһԾѣγѣڲѡ
ֲáֲϲûκζֲãһֻʼǲľ㡭ֲáЩҵԶѰߡֲáֻǧ꣬ȴûмС⡭
ôֻ꣬ëҲûеһԭྐྵˡ
޵ʧǣ
Ĳ⣬ȫȷ֤ݣ
ǻЩɣҶЦ߸ո˵֮꣬ˣ
ɵȻӵɽ֪ä޵һɥʧǡ
ڲ֪ɵˣҶЦЦһɱ㣬ֻ͹ˣ
νţͲȡϸûԵңҶЦ֮ĹЦ
ĻԵ޵ͻȻЦһԵᵱС
ҶЦȷʵɣ޳ܣݣı㣬ϼ޻ʶ̫ǳ
޵ЦһǰżĶС˵ܾЩǣһ־Σڵһʱɱǣſҫ֣֮֮ıʱ䣬ǵõϢϯ䣬շ̣һΪֻлС˵в޴֮ʵоҲȴ֮ˣԵ֮ˣʼң㣡
ҶЦƺʲôɫһ䣬
̫ˣ


233 ԥ
ȴǷ޵ڰϽɫѪӾȻ˲ʱ仯һڷ磬šಡһʧΨһԶ
ҶЦ֮ͣһָ֮󣬱лرȻ̤ĺǣҲԲŹ㣡
ΣҪлģûĸ֪Ҳ֪ԵߡӲ޵У
죬޵Ӱ١
ҶЦûпĸݡ
ȻϵҶЦȴǲְգפƬ֮¶һ˿Цݡ
ϣһ޵ӰӼ
Сӥ

޵һ쫷磬ʧԶһֳεʱȴѾԼɽ
˼ʵķ޵лԡѪ״ҵ
Ȼϣȴɫ
ҴҳһѵҩֽԼϵ˿ڰһ£˹ָЩԪ
С޳һָ֮󣬲ҪȫصһӦȫҪᣡ
ҷ޵УԹȴ
ɱɱɱɱ
ֻǡǱߡ񲻻˷ɣ޵˼š
оȻЩϾɽڴǰͻͽڣ
޵ЩȷûгԹôĿ˴αҶЦˣǵƳ֮һΪɥʧ˲ųɡ
ƴŽһϼӽ˼ʼѾȥ;ƿݵĵز
ڷ޵ȴż
ֻҪҶЦ˵Ǽ棬ôԼָΪһ죬Ҳǵȴʱ˳ƶΪ֮£
Ҫķǡ
޵ϢƬ̣¶ģ˹ãŷһ𵴣ɴǰȥη߿գ˷ǴΧ޲𲨶ԶΧ
ֻǣ˷ΪԪƽգԲڷ޵У˼ǷȱԪ֮ʱΪλҪʩ˷Լ״Ӳأ
֮
޵Ӹɽ֮ϵУһͷͷ׵Сڿв
ԭǹ޲Χ𵴲Ƿ޵ҩ֮ͺţҩ𵴲ɻش˵أȴóȻع顣
˻᲻Ѿ֪ʲôأ
ǸӦò˵ʲôɣ
Ǹ֪µһȵ˵δؾҰɣ˵Ҹµһʲôŵرܹƽأ
Ǻԥ
ղŵӦǰˣˣҪȻʩչڷôߡ
Ӧôأ
СڿгǻԾȥδӣٳûȥˡ
ķ޵вüȻȴûмʱǲʲôȻˣҸӲܱ¶ȻĴԥȴֲʱ뿪о֮⣬ٽҲ޷һΪҪ
ǰһ㣬Ȩȥˡ
ٻ̫Ƶֻ»ݾߡ治ˡ
޵Ҳı֮ԼĶģ˲ʱͨҩ˿̵£ԲٻתΪרˣϾҲǼء
һ˹һ죬ʹѵ
޳ܵҶЦ޵ţԼƾԼԤеĻҪأҪָѷԼ֮¡
֫ȱѡ𡭡
˹صƣҲѹҶЦǶԼȫȻԷԼΪôһ㣬ֻ²ҶЦ֣ѾΪ̫ضøɸɾˣ
˻ָȴҪҲҪʮ޵Լɵļʹ࣬ҶЦĺ⣬ȴԽԽˡ
˹ƣ˼û˼ĥ˹ξۼȫɢԪ

أڿвͣǳ˲ĸо˺£Ҫȥĳ嶯ϾѾദô꣬˴֮ĸ鲻ν
˵ٻֹͣˡ
Ծͬһֻٻξֹͣˣûдߴ٣Ҳûơ
µʱһɡ
Ǹһ
ô˵Ӧûʲô쳣
ǻȥǲȥأͷڲͣٵȵȣȫΪء
ǣһȥˡ
ûٻԼ
ȥˣԾûзٻ
һжͬǰ죬Լȥ棬˾ֻٻһΣΣ㲻ٻԼңֱԼ֮Ļط
ûз쳣ءоԼʵ̫Բסˡ
أҪҵʱ򣬾㲻˲Уë־ۼʹõġ
²ԥ˫һգȻ׹


234 ׼
һ·ɵɽǰ棬Ҳ֪ؾЩ
ɽУ˴صĺԼţ˵״治ᣬλؼٵĺࡣ
ôҪҪȥأҪҪأ
ԥţաһһ̽ͷȥ
棬Դ˹˵ķ޵¶һ˿̰Цݡ
Ɀȥˣ޵ŭһ֪֪´鷳ˡ㵹ãԼûӰ
˵̬Զ׼ǲãĪŭ⡣

֪Լʵ϶ûȫȻŲʣ˵ǰԼÿȥʱһĺȳԼ֤ʵԼ뷨
˵˺ȳԼټŭ𡭡̫ˣҪΪĹϵ˹ˣҲǻŭ⣬˵Ҫ˻ԼɫԼҪıϽ
׷һͷһͷ˽ȥۿ˵Ĳ״ȴ̲סԴߴߴ
һӡ
¸˼ҪȻȥμëȻ͹˵˵ǻԵɺϻõıģԼĸ˱ȻȬ
ҲôͷԣҴˡ޵еСӵʵΪҵĶ֣ǶԷУ޵̫ˣһʱսʧأ˺ˣԻȥͷ裬ȫԴãö˰ɣ
ǵڷ޵нϲ˲䡣
޵ŵ۾Ѹɨһۡ
ţһﵹǾչ׽ˣȴڱšʱ׼ߵһʱôԱƣŶԣץס
ˣҪˣ㻹ǸϽȥɡ޵һͷӣҲﲻҵæڼһҪСӸպϣСӶΪ죬Ҫ汻ץˣȴ޾֮ܣ
˵һ˳ȥ
һֲȥߣߴߴڱԹʵȴǵȫģȻһߣ˫չſ
ɵôС㶼ˣһߴպϣҪסңƤǶģû׼ͽҴж˿飬һһ飬һһİˣ
޵ǱˣϵغŴôеĿ
ֻǣⶴеȴ֪бһ屶Ľ
֮󣬷޵ڳһǾ۾˴ȫ˹ˣ֮е˺ۻûȫ޸
ܵˣ
ҶЦɶС
޵Ŀһɨ֮£ɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ʱˣ޵֮ǰ˹ʱظܵ⻷ı仯Ȼ֪˭ɣȷ˸ԭίֻƸǵǰһҪ񣬸ƶ뼺ȥûнעϣ˼ˣȻҲ뵽εν̬أ˼ȴǻûʧ
ʱСಡһӴɽ֮ǰҲ֪ȥȻһ֧ͨѩ׵˲Σ˲ѾɾΣѩ׵ıƤϣŵѪһɫ
һ˵ѪڱƤ
˲ηڷ޵ǰüͲ˲Сȡ
Զ׼˰ɣ˻Ԫ
޵۾һ̣зһ˿Եů⡣
Ȼһ̣㼴תΪ
һ֣ԼϣԼëǵؿһ̵ȥ޾ܰ
еעԼʧȥһ첲ߺѹ
һ̣ͻȻתΪ޴롣
ΪĸоԼͻȻ¶ǰδеıɱ
ౡ
һͻأòҽէ
šꡱһȴǷ޵н۶ϣ
һ̣һֿסĺһ˿೤ǿ룬˲ʱסжСȴһҲܶˡ
ȶˣ޽֮ܣʹϮֻСϵİ档
תͷƺЩ⣬ЩĵĿԼˡ
Ȼ˴񽻽֮˲ԼеǷ̰Ȼ˲һжˡ
Լ˵񣬿Լǲεɫһʱ䣬ȻʹйĽûԹֻġ޹
޵д˼ﻹ˲Щ߸߾ȴ˼ԵɫѪҺһĪ֮֡
޵дһɫѪҺֻԼԭյľͻȻ䱻һ̣һּҪű˵ָо


235 
Ȼµһȵҩ޵дϲ񣬹Ц
벻ҷ޵пرɽ꣬ʼղ֪ԼȻԵ
ֻǡҵվҵģ˭Ҳǰ죬ӱ
쳾ؽٶһλң޵У
ݺݵضؾǷĿ⡣
һȫΨ
ǰδеİ
Լ
һԼ缺Լػ΢ô
ôҸʲô޵б񿴵һܣͻȻŭ쵰Ȼƭô꣬Ҫңͺ쳾ֺڽôصˣ
Ծɲԣؿ
޵дŭ߬Ҫ֮ˤڵϣͻȻȴָı⣬ĵôķϣңı嵽ʲôţĳ֮أ
Ȼûа㷴Ӧ
ң֪ö޵رŭ
ΪԼίƵãһҩģһҩĶ𣿡޵ŭҩɶ֪ҩǸ˳Եģҩģ㲻һֻ𣿡
񣬽ĻΪĮ
İ
ͷβİ
һֹİҲƵ䵭
Ŀ⣬ٹע޵Уʼתƣ۽ڵԼոץǾѩ˲Σþò
УһݲȻ
࡭ʼն
۱˴ദ˶£ԼζʹԼѾ˲Ԯ֮ģֻҪԼͻȲҪԵԼ
ǰټ֡
ԼģȻȴ⣡
ң޵нݺݵ߬Լǰ۾ңңı嵽ʲô
޵еıѾӽ
֪һһĻᣡ
ǰȻȻʵʣζ䱾ҩǿᣬҪǰҪǿࡣ
ʵҩΪĵرòܷӳЧ޵һһҹ֮䣬ϣҩػ˵ֵ֮Ϣȫ֮ǰܻĵ˲ʵĴ˵
޵ϸ֮ЩδǴ˵
ΪԼﲻһͷ˵еô
¾ԶǰʵΪ٣ȴ䱾Զ壬ؼ书Ч紫һĻ˼飡
޵оԼյϢóһۣҩĵرֻн侫ǻкͱһܷĴأȻԪ֮һֱȫҺ״̬ԵܻȡЧ
Ȼиõİ취ֻ֮ϧ޵ȫ
ʵֺֹ޵Уǵǰ쳾ĵʦҲû˸˵ܹԻҩҩȫĲʸ񣬵쵤֮ٲƼĵʦǵƼĵʦ˭Ϊ֮ǿΪֻ֮ᱩòʧ
Է޵жԣֻҪʳ䣬Ȼ֮ҺǴ󹦸ɡ
ίڵϣһԣһ㣬һֱ޵˺һ֮γһ㣬ͻȻ̧ͷߴߴ
Ե÷ŭԲԲӣȫһİĳޡ
ȫûһ֮Ϊ֪ûã
ֻе
޵гŭ
˷ˣȻңô꣬ҪΣ޵ŭҪΪ㣬ӻ˹ڳָ壬£ϸع⣬Ҳ㣬ҲǱ˳ԣô֪ĵϸ߱ǿϸ֮ˣΪŹôȫңĺãɱСӻֻΪѳᣬΣ
мĵһۣŤͷȥͻȻ飬л

ᣡǻ᣿޵м״ȴǴϲЦѽȲһͷԽʱо¾ůģϵĸ첲򣬴˼Ҳ粻ˡ
ûУްôˣ޵мϲ֮࣬壬һһëקȻʹû£ȴعһԲᡣ
һҩΡȻҲôйȻʹޣ㲻ޣ㲻˵ı
޵зĳŰ˵˵޲ޣ˵˵޲ޣ
ģĮģӵģʹģήҵġٵһϢġ
ʼûٽһ
޵Цһ㲻˵ǰɣûϵھô㣡㲻˵ϣɹôףֻҪ㣬Ծɿ޸һ֮Ƿ޵Уһ޵У
ץҪҩ
Ȼʱ
׹ȻһӰ֮٣Է޵ͷһӶ


236 Ǿ
޵һһգԭֵȻѴԼʧ
ĿĹ֮£ȴǰλã֪ʲôʱһֻССèֻСèֻȭͷСô۾ǱĵĶԼ
צȻһֻǹëСС
Լֻ
⡭޵м״һ
ȻԼ˼ƳأʵѲƽһɣδʧȥֻСèǺʱģиղǻ׾Թ϶һӣԼӦļ£һֻè䣬˹٣
֣һĶŵ𣺡ǲŷּˣԵ
˵һӰɽ
ЦݣĿʣֹ˵׿ԽȺ
ЦҶЦ޵ˣоԼһجΡ
ƽô
ԼĲܶ
СܡҶЦЦЦֵļ治֮ͷǿ̫ˣ
޵еıӶˣ˵˼ʻԼǸɵ棿
ôܲã
ûзˣ˿ڻûء
ÿҶЦӶצｫУήëι˵Ĳ״ϸϸСҲţԶˣвһ˿Եϧ
ƤҲϳҶЦ˭һ˿Ϊľ
ˣǰкݶ꣬Լעڽӣˣ
ҶЦ̾˿ӻȡһöר˵ĵ񵤣ƿǰ
һ˿֮ɫȻٳûж
ҶЦЦҼȻ㵤ҩ㲻֮ģνһ١ҲСɵ񣡡
һ£һſڣҩȥ
ҶЦͷСĵطסϵСϸȣжȻһɫڶϣ
ҩҩΣ壬оѪվ࣬ҶЦղŸĵ񵤣ȷʵĪЧҩȶĵرε֣ЧЧܵİɶҶЦһɫ뵣ȴǷ
ҶЦɫ뵣ԪһĵرĪ棬˵Ƕҩǰʥ˵ЧǷ
ֻϧҶЦΪʶǳ֪飡
֪Լһҩ״õҶЦóһҩͿĨҩĶϣů֦״ȹ̶һ𣬽ҩҺİײȰ
Ȼһͽ˿ռ䡣
޵ؿһĻ˴Ϸݣȴʲôû˵
ҶЦǿԼֻҪҶЦһˣԼֻ·һ龰£޵йͷӲҲǲ˵ʲôġ
һ֮𣬼Ȼ̰Ȼ
룬ͻȻԲȻŭ״ҶЦһжıɣ
ҶЦЦЦȴûд
ңʵݣ¶ߣʵĿץסΪĴ㣬ڹؼʱˣ
޵бߵҪҪҶЦ㵱汰ɣȻ޳ܣ
ұ޳ܣҶЦһû뷨ûн֮ʵʩΪҪĥӣദټã㵱ˣôԴ
ûнԵ뷨ʵʩô֣ҶЦĿͬʵٵѾжˣ
޵л㱰ɣ޳ܡ㱰ɡ
ţϵظ⼸ۡͬһ㡣
ҶЦ¶Цݣ޵УҪ·ˣȥһԲ޵ΰɣ
Ȼ֣޵һƴҲƵԾ㣬ϧеĶڰж
ҶЦһѾ̴ʺ
פԱߵĶǲмһһ첱ӣһ뵵˶ĿС
޽Χһ֣޵У
ҶЦСĽɢһëһ̲סһ̾Ϣ
ⷽ޵СҲһˡ
ϸԵȴʼղ֪֪ʱȴԻٳǣװ׶˼ǧ²ꡭ
ֻ˵ʱҲҲҲ
һ̫̰Ĳ㣬վҪܷɡ
Ȼ˲磬ĳĳˣʲôʲôԵҲҪ͡
뿪˷޵еɽէһӥȴСӥҶЦϣǡ
һһһèɽȥ̤֮·
Сԡͷҩǳƣ˼ſڿռ
ҶЦΪרſٳŴռ޾ռ䱾һضռ䡣
СֻС˵νһȫİڡ
Ƭ֮һûУĴΨһɼľֻбʯͷ
СԵд˼ʾֻһŨŨľ


237 ̸
޿
˳Ҳʲôؼǡ˾ȻôԼԼ½ģȻʹôбֶΣֶαԼڣ˾ҪԼٲۼԵóѣ߳ŭ֮£ҪһԼ
ǧ壬ھ޴ǰǲֵһᣡ
Ŀ⣬ĻбֶΣȻǰڶߣϻص
ڣԼȻ¹أֱ˾ǸʲôЦҶЦ˽˿ռ䡣
ǸʲôЦһ̰֮ͽߵĴУһ
ղŸԼҩˣڼ⣬ﻹô£ҪͳԼ䣬Լⲻ˱˳˵³ƺһЩô
ΨһԼеģȴЦԼǿԪȴķͬСɡ
Լ֪Լ£ԼʼҩζȻٸƷҩԼҲЧ΢ǿϼ鵤Ǽߵ˿ʥҩϧԼ޶Ч
˼ʣСĲķԼƣԼϵ˺ۣȻѾȫȬˣϵȣ̶̵ʱ䣬ȻҲѾ硭
ĵʲôѧˣʵ̫ˣһڣ
һˣҲ֪ǳʲôǾ˲٣վĿĹˣǺشİĿռ䣬ԲԲ飬Ǿɲ
˵Ҳ˽˵Ĵռ䣬ǡòƸǰܲһ˵
Ŀռ䣬ôôأ
ѵǴ˵˽˿ٵĶʤ
Ҳ԰˵еĶʤ˱ȻúþӪΣôҲʲôãģӦзǳŨɣ
ʱ
һȻ𣺡Сԣ
СԻµëըСɵӶȻתһȦſԼ󣬲֪ʱҶЦѾ
ԭһںȻһ̫ʦΡ
ҶЦ̱̫ʦԼУ󡭡
ߴߴСЩŭصҶЦ
㻹ҶЦ΢ЦţȤĿΪӦøлҲǡ
СԺǼŽţָͬһָҶЦһҳָҶЦһͨߴߴ
֪ö˵ҶЦĦһ¹°ͣԣ˵
ȻԼѡ񡣡
ҶЦ˵꣬СԲԲĺҶЦǿһ£漴ĵ˵ͷȻ󣬾һƨ˵ϡ
ҶЦţҲţȻʾڳһ¿ˮ̡Ĺ
ֻǣһͷС񣬾Ȼͻ輫ޣΪĺô
ҶЦûЦ
κθ߽߶ԣֻҪõõǱǿԵ޵бһõӣߣǰʵ硣ҶЦ˵ԡھͰ˳ˡҲ֮е顣òı壬ҲδǶ¡ܹõ壬ҶԣѾ㹻ˡ
ҶЦôһ˵ССԶٸˣһӽҲָҶЦˣԴҲȥ౵ĵţҲ֪ڽʲô
Զ׼ҶЦ˵ǴʵʮֲһգҶЦΪֻʥԪƷһ˹񣬺ܴܹΣһ߶ԣѾƽƵĪԵҶЦ޸ҰģԵѾ㹻ˣ
Ҹ㣬ûĴ㣡
ҶЦ仰ʱһȴǾɲͷĳˡ
һ˵㻰ôƭȻٺҵıڣȻٽҺͱһ׻⣬⡭ʵɣ
㲻ûңҪҪ㣬ѾһҶЦ˵˵Ҫ̻ЧøҪǿɡ
Сɪһ£Ȼ뵽Լһһ󲻺
˵㷽޵ҲȴûüͷΪ߳ŭҪС̻ȻҶЦĿŵڰ˵
ȴҲܷɡҶЦüͷҪ֪׿ҩݲ㣬һͷ߼ޣֵͬĴڣʧȥ˷޵лӵ㣬һʲô˸ץסˣ˵ѱͲԺ֮֡
Сʱߴߴһͳ˵
˼ֱףҾᱻ׽סģٶȾ죬СıԶǡһı޻ԷģϽ
ҶЦһٶȾ죿ҵСèôСô޵ƭģıԶǣûʲôı޻޻̸֮ԼŪԼȥɣôܷģ˵ôܷģҪ治ᱻ׽סô
Сͷɥߴߴ


238 ϼ
ǻӵС޻Сı㣬һӵĺۣ
˵ЩûáҶЦڣǿ϶ߵģ㲻ҲģҲã
ɥĵڵϣ޾ɡ
Ӵ˾ʧȥˣ
øƨø
һߣҵĵǰĿ꣬Ǵ۷壬޵СϣبŲ𡣡ҶЦ˵ǿǿȨǿĵλײ
߰ƲƲ졣
˭ף
ߣ񲻶ӣ
ˣ޵ˣ߾ˣ
һҩһҩţҲϿһͷ񡣡ҶЦʵôĴĿʲô˵ҪﵽĿʲôأ
СƫͷɲҶЦ
һﵽҪʲôΪʲô˵Щ
ҪѰһƽ㡣ҶЦұ֪Ŀʲô
Ŀꣿ
ΣСڲټǵͷ˼
֮󣬾վһСȣ˼תȦ
һСȻһһŷⲽ˼ҶЦԿԣҪЦڡ
Ŀꡭ
СС˼⣬˵⻹һԼ⣬һʱ侹Ȼ֪ôش
Լǰòƴû⣬Ŀꣿ
ô˵ɣܹζΪҩ׶εһռĿ꣬ɹΣһռĿԲɣô˺ĿʲôšûеõʾôҾ̫˵һ㣬ڻεʱ򣬻Σ㱾˼߻иԶ뷨ʱգҲѾˣ֮أʲôĿУ˵ϣȻѡ˻ΣȻҪõĻȥɣ
ҶЦʾֱ˵Զأ϶ϣԼڲܾɣ޵еʵأ˿ɼʵʹĺôֱ˵
ҶЦʾһһΣССɵԴȴһٵҡͷѡ
ȻҶЦû˵Сȥ
ҾҪԶԶСܾ˼ţԶԶҪ˳Ե
ҶЦЩһͷϵ
ȻôӵĴ𰸡
զôأҸղŲ˵ôֻҪӵ޵еʵͻӵôоͰ㲻Ҫٵı˳Ժ𣿣ֻҪһıǿԵ˾ͻԽԽ١
ҶЦգԶ׼ĵֻҪﵽûܹ׷㣬û˸㣬û˴ùĸ߶ȡô˭ܹԵ㣿
С۾ʱһֻƬ̣ȴȻҡҡͷ
ȻҲ֪Ǹ߶ȣԼԶԶҲûġ
ôûģûʵҪﵽһ߶ȣҲһҪ㱾˵ȸ߶ȣֻҪҺǸȡ裬ܴﵽǸ߶ȣҶЦҿԱ㣬ӴԺûκܹ˺㣬ԵģҲҪҡ
󣿡̧ͷ۾ǾɵؿҶЦ
ҡô㣿ѵԵҲҪҲгô
ղųԵǿŵҩҰƸƵҩЧΣ㲻оɣҶЦյ׳ն
ǿŵҩһҩС۾һ˿â漴ֳһȻջӣ
˼ǡǵҩҩ࣬Ȼ֮˵鵤ҩһҲˣɱʲô㻯ζ⡭ţ鵤ֱҩֶԣЧܾԴۿۣ鵤ȻǾƷ鵤Ա񣬲ǿ⣬Ǹɶǡ
Ҹ˵ĵҩҿеǵΡҶЦһ֣ĳ߰˿ŵҩһſŷӿƣʱڿռ
Сӳ˴УкܹܣӥСӾڱӵգӴСΰ
ССԹȻ۷ʣȴɽû̫Ƽ鵤ڣ
ҶЦӿеɵˣʲôֻҪԼƼ鵤һ֣κθ޲̬ȴ䣬ʧ֣ɽʲô
Сܿջôܣ
ҶЦãȻ֮ʣͻȻէŶش򵥴ֱͷϼЧ
ҶЦȻͻȻԼݣȴҲ֪ڼʶԶ֮ʿɱȣһԪȻһȻĪĺʱ͸Ʒʮ㣡
󡭡С۾һһͳ繷ܾۣè㣬Сüɶղе֣ȫʧ
ҶЦȻɻ󲻼ҶʲôˣεȻߴߴת֮䣬ŸֵϷ˲ʱȻ޴棬һƫԣ


239 
СһοܲˣҶЦǰϴָҶЦϿߡ
㶼ˣȴҳԣҪ
ҿ޵ùԪƾɶ㣿ҶЦһƲ죺ֲҵ񡣡
˵仰ʱҶЦ˷޵У̲סǸоһۡ
ֲҵ񡭡
ôġ
˵ô޵һˣ
ѵ㲻֪ҵԪǺܹءرġҶЦ
СһӣԲԲ۾µµש
ô֪Ҿ̫֪ˣŻôֵģҩΣҩΣǶ鵤ƷҩֻŨ쳣ΧҶԣ嶼ܴ󣬵ǣǱȳҪӾĴڣӸղΪ˵һ˲ЧܾѾ¶ţ£㣬ղŸҶԪˣЧԶ׼ҪôҲĳˣƫƫҪЩ鵤ҩ߹˼ôʶô
һֻ񲻶ϵ¶ôԻı飬ʵ˷塣
ҶЦۼĳѾ¶Ҫͷ̬ƣסԼ˷ܣԼҪǴӦԺңԪԶڶṩ㡣

ҴӦ϶ҪӦģҪֵóһ㣬ȡĺô
İɣҲǷ޵СȻҪ㣬֪ݣֻͳ㡣ҲͬûôشҵĹѾԺ˵⡣
ҶЦѾ˵ķ޵ֲһţʵҴһʼ֪ЧܣҴͷβûг뷨ڣҶ㣬ذɣ
ԲԲ
զأզ֪صأһ¶ҾѾˣҪһô໰ɶҪֱӰɻ˵ҾˣôķϻǸϣô˵˵ôô
˵СԣҪ֪ҩҲãҲգ׷ĿĻǱǿҶЦ㣬Ѿ˳ԣҾ߱ǿøǿ
Ŀ⾼һﲻ
ϻˣϽİɣֻҪٱһҾһˣΪʲôҧֻҪҧҾʹˣΪʲôҧأ
ȴҶЦֵҲ֪ƬµĵһҩӹɣʼֻһݸʹݸεĴ⣬ʼղ֮ԴϿɣ
ߴߴСмһͷ⻹˵Ҫ汾ԴĻܱץס
Ҫװ֮࣬Դܣҫô
ԣҾǳ㣬ҲǱʮΪҶЦֻּһʱһ죬ʵŻԶ˵Ժټʮ£ҪΪһյ򵥣δػ㡭
Ϊˣһ죬˵ȣһľ룬վޡǿһ֮󡭡ֻǽԼ˺ˡ
ȫļʹʮɱټʮľĥ£ҲԵƽ⣬˵ǲǣҶЦʵ
ͷĲҶЦԼ˵ЩʲôأҾѾˣھֻܸҵķòã֪˽û⣬ңҶˣΪʲôҪϻ
ҲΪʲôһ˵ʵĸǽͬҩҩںһںϳΪԵЧܣ鵤ǽҩתΪӽԴ֮ҩ˲ܷҩЧ
ô£ôԽԽԶôֳȥˣҡˣ
ĳ̫ˣƵˣ
ˣ˵һ¸ȣֻҪңղֵҩҳԣңļ룬ǵܸҩӳɣܹȸղǵҩһٱĵҩԡ
仰ԭѾѾܶĵĻ֮ǰҶЦĵ񵤶ԹЧȻȴȫЧȻѾ鵤ҩܶԹֳϳ˵ĴЧƼ鵤ȴٴ֮УǵаٱЧ鵤ǺԸͷģҶЦͷ˵ˡȡ֣پ͵Σ߻ٴΣ󣬹ȻѾҪͷˣȴ̲סˣ
ڶҪǸҡһ㲻ϵõǿĻ᣻⣬кܶܶһദĻ飬㣬һֳɳ֪˵ʲô
ӹתԼܵСèСӥ
Ҫôǿ顭ֻҪ˼ųԵԼһˣòƻͦġ


240 ջ
ҪǸҡԺҵˣ䰮񡭡ȿȿȣҵĳһᰮ㣬Ҿй¶ݡһֱ㡣
Ķ⻹˵Ϊʲô˵˵ЩҪϸ֦ĩڸʲôθںܺô
ġҶЦܵȻ˵ʵȴǲϵĹ۲ӡȻǶ̬ȻǺģ
̾ǰզûôأҶѹؼ֮ˣСҲֳ˶ļȿ˵ôת۾أģ
ľǡҶЦԻóĻᡭܹʽפҵĿռ䡣
󣿡
СԶ˵һ֡
ʲôʽפĿռ䣿ѵﲻĿռ䣿
ǺǡҶЦһ֡
СԶʱ˺ҶЦ֣һɡ
ҶЦ޴ߴ֮⣬Ͱַţӥʱ򣬴ҲһȻ;ȴעͬ飬ֻȻԼա
СҳѾҪˣǴ˼µͷеˣò⡣ֻǣҶЦϣһһҶЦǰ棬Сĵţ̧ͷȻǰԼ
Ȼ̽һһҶЦ
ʵҲף˼ҪץԼòôµƭԼʱһƳܣ˼ҵĿռ䡭
ѾҶЦСԾ̲סһĲ
һ˵ĺ¡
ҶЦḧСϸոëСһʶľҲ󣬱㼴оֻ⣬еģֻůĸо͸
ĺ
ԡΧеʣһֱĸо
ָоȴԼԭǱߣûܵ
˫֮䣬һԼܹĵζһ֡ԼѾȴõӵе⡭
һ˲䣬СԾȻһĸо
ָоԼǾԲϵģʶˣϿˣҲ򲻿ϳϵġ
ʵԼûʶԭǷԴʱܵĽźµĲҶЦУҶЦḧ֮ȫƽϢһֱŵģҲһ̳׵ط
ԭһֱŵëҲһ̣ٶȻܻȴҲǡȫģɳ
ҶЦһЦԼı仯ȻȻġ
֪ȻӲ廹ǺܳʵģҲǵ͵ķڲ
漴һЦһת޾Կǰ֮ƣ͸
ߴߴߴߴ״ĽҲƴĺţԲӣ˿;ϲ
ȻǱ˳𺳣Լֿ£ڵˣ
Ǿһ̣ĳȻֳҡҡ׹̬֮
ԭʵ̫ϲˣǰľ޴ϲֱ˹ȥ
ǰģȻһۼռ䡣
ʵռľ裬ȫȻûע⣬Ψһע⵽ģֻпռŵġ
Ѿʵʵɫ
ģֱð
ҶЦƶȻһᣬȴ𣬾Ӹ£۾֮ɫؿܵľɫ
̰ĺ޾Ϸա
һôôôҸ鰡
ȻҶЦԴ˴Щ⣬ôˣô˷ˣ˷ˣôô
Ȼۼĳ۲⣬䲻ؽһҩ˷Ӧĺ
ҩȻƬ¾޽еĶҩΣ˵׹Ծɲһҩľȡ⻷ΧΪҩҩҪٽһַһϴǵõߵȼ޾ռ֮еȻҶЦ񹦵죬ȴѾѷɫںôĴ󣬶ҩСԵջȻҪҶЦŵ֮ϣ˻ҲͲΪˣ
ңԣСȻǶҩΣʵһӣʶǳĺܣ޾ռԣʵ̫ߴˣ½ɣ
СԵ̬ƺӡ֤Ԥԡ
һΡ
ҿʲô
ǡһռ䣬š桭ȫǣʯףʯϾȻкһġôôأ᲻ܺóأ԰
СԲԾֻ˵ǽܵԪռ䣬ճյʯһĸĭ
ҶЦһûЦ˳ӡ
ɵʲôأҶЦյЩӣģԵġ
۶ʱ̽յһһͳ˽ȥ
Եģ
Գԣ
ۣ


241 
СһһϣȲһھһӣһ첱ӣȥʱ۾
ҡȥʵ̫óˣ
ԭΪĻѾãû뵽Ⱥö
ؼ
أ̫Ҹˡ
һЩ˼Ļͷ˿ҶЦеֺζĽ
ûӦ˼أͳ˼ôõĶԼʲôʱôءе㲻˼ء
ҪٿĿռ䣿ǱȽϼªġҶЦ¶ƭСõЦݡ
ɶף⡭⻹ªҲҸһ㣿
С۵ĲţţȴǲҶЦЩªĿռж뿪Ԫռ䣬һͷ
ҶЦԽԽ
չգѾɹ˰ٷ֮١
ǲмĵޣͷȫû棬һСС񣬺ܱܿ֡˵޾ռ䣡
ߴߴߴǡ
СһĿɿڴ
εģˮռ䡣
ˮռĿһƬʣֻפǰѾˬͷһƬ顣
ʧǵ˽ȥĿˮռһƬˮ̶
֮ˮȻ֮ˮĴڣ
ɲǼͷħˣ
ġ
֮ˮ
һΣͿҩĳɳĳö
Ȼһˮ̶
СȻΣԾҩһֲ꣬ͷһҪԽԽãһȴҪˮԴͬԽԽã߻ҪǰߣˮľˮľˮֲԵ壬޿ȡ
֮ˮСԶԣѾǶģҪˣ
ҵ谡
ҩİ
Ҫ֮ˮ
ҡ
С˷ܵؽŲǣһһͷޱϵģߵˮ̶ϣһʱ仹ҺˣĻͷҶЦߴߴߴĽС
ܺôҿɲԺһ㣿ͺһСڡһСھС
ʲôȵģҶٱֵúܴ󷽣Ҳˣֲһվ쳤쳤ؾá
һ仰һ̣СֱӽԼĲҲһˮ̶֮С
ཹཹཡ
ãСӹϸߣҡҡڰڵ̧ͷ˸á
̫˰
ǱΧ
бĿռ䣬ﻹԽҶЦգգۡ
СɺԪռˮռ䣬Ŀռ䣬ĵĲҪˡ
ˣʲôܱȵѾˣͲǿˣ
ҶЦһЦԺȳ˵Сһ˴һľռ䡣
һΣСȫȫһûпܣľҶЦ۾ͺˡ
̫ˣ
̫ȫˣ
̫ˣ
Ҫ˯µȱ˯˵ʲôҲǲֵñעˡ
ǣŸոľռſڣ˯СͻȻоʲôˢһ۾۾ɲǼ侫ٱ
򱶣
⡭
ҡ
ǡʺҵġζզ£
ľռһ򿪡
ʱһȻĪɫȶ
СҸһһ˹ȥ
ð
ʲô
ҵĵؽ簡
Ȼľ֮
С԰ռҶЦ;˳ȥ

ʱ䲻Сˣ۾һ·߽ľռ䡣
ʲô
棬ȫҩ
һţһУһƬƬһĶĶ
ҵġ
ÿһ꣬泤ïʢö࣬ҡ֮࣬Ʒ֮ȫٷСʶģ֪ģ󵽣˵еģȫУиСԲʶĲ֪ģ󲻵ġ
ſţСԽԽܣԽԽǼʣ
ʺҵĵطЩҩġô
ЩҩġȣҲҩ
ôһƬһƬȻܹܵĻΧ
ˡ
ʲôʸ
ֻңֻҲʸ
ǡЩûʸġûаԵģȻôö֮פҡȴҪ紵ɹܣĵʱʱĻҪСèСʲô۸
뵽ĴС档
N෽޵гֶĥСԶɵõĻᣬε䣬ľռ䡭
ţòƲǷϾСԻûľռûľռĴأ
̫ˣ
˲ܱȣҩҩҲܱȰ
һȾ۵Ѫᰡģ
ľռôҩСԶʼɵֱһ㡣
ôõĵطǴﶼò
ءˡ

˺þá
ҶЦһνռʱСԻľռ﷢ºȻ顣
ʲôѵ۸ˣռҲûͨ鰡


242 Ĵֲ
Ĵʱ򵥣ижǸжľǼģҲпǼʵģ
жʣ
ⶼĸİ
ҶЦҲЩɵֻۣǽռͼӣ
ô
ô
ڸв֪Ҳ֪׹̫˳ĻɫȻǲ֪ߵ⣬û˵
ɶԽԽˣȻҸô˵
ҶЦݺݵб˶һۡ
ôΪ滷ȥɣҶЦ˼ȴֹ˲ϸ죬ȻЦ
Сγѣȫί˽ſ򣬾ȻסҶЦСһһġһίĺӣͻȻԼˡ
ˣҶЦһҲޣ
õóֵЩˡҶЦģҪʵڲԸңҷȥһɣõᲫͬ飬ǿšĹϲһǶá
ߴߴߴߴߴߴСԼҵģҵĽлȷ磬ɴҶЦͣļҴˣ˼ҴӴ˾ˡţǱˣʹΪƿء
զҶЦԺʵ㻹Ҫȥʲôʱȥ
ѾĲҪȥ
СԸżˣߴߴߴߴߴߴߴߴߴߴ
£ҪȥôżҶЦգ۾
ˡ
СԺܸɴֱſҶЦСһʶСͲϵҶЦǵĨĨȥȡ
ֶΣõĲõģõĲõģһӦֶһϡ
ǧҳȥ
ǴҡҲȥء
Ѳ㾹ȻҪ£ңҶЦʡ
ߴߴСԲˣҰɣǧҪҰ㵱ϴҸʲôҾ͸ʲôҪôҾôˣһҪԴһԴ񰡡
ҶЦһЦҲУԺʲôʱˣǵ˵һͺãżͣ߾ߡ
ߣ˵ء
СſҶЦ۾
̫ˣ̫Ҹˡ
һӣҵʵĹޡ
˰õط
˼Ҫһգϴ
ǡ棬ڡҶЦüͷ
СɴĻһָֻţСסҶЦ䣬ק
ţɶҪɶ
ȥֲı壿ⲻðɣڻϤأ
ԽԽã治ðɣ˵߾ߵģ㱾ҪˣԺĲˣҪٿǿǣ
ȲˣôȲĲô
ССһ͵ͷЩͽӵˡ
ҶЦЩЦ
ڡ󹦸ˡ

ˣ㻹û˵ı嵽ʲôأҶЦʡ
ߴߴߴ
ʲô٣

٣١
ҶЦĿɿڴ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ²룬˼ȷҩıȻǴ˵֮еģû˼ġ޻ûģҩ֮ʱ
һֱԱߵĶҲһӵԲ۾
٣
̫֮ʱسֻһ̣Ĵֲ
»谵޹ݣ
ߺ죻
ɫ«ڣ
ѵ٣
ഫĴֲ֮е޹ڣʹԭĵطһ޹ݳһƬؽҲҪذķΧ֮УֻҪ޹ݴһ죬¹â䲻͸Ƭռ䡣
˵޹Ѿϡ˰ɣ
ʵδ㣬Ϊ޹徣˸֤ҹٶ澰ۼ޹ݵĴڣ
ֲɴ˵ü
˵ߺ죬ഫһֿ˿ҲݣҲ洦ǣҲҲޣ˲Ψһһ֮Ǵӷѿ֮˲ʱ᳤ߣ˺Ҳκα仯Ȼ߳Ӳݺ࣬ߺڳ֮У˿״ȻҲû˵ȷϹߺĴڣȻҲû֪书Чܣ˼νߺ쳾ɺ쳾ɺ쳾ƣʵȫǴ⡮ߺ졯ݱġ
ֻҪ仹к쳾磬˵ĺ쳾ߺԶ˥ߣԶڡ
ߺΨһ˵ԵܹĿߺӵߵ澰ɵԵһߺһ㣬ΪؼһôڣֻǴ˵һû˵֤ʵĴ˵
ֻ˵ǡ񻰣
ɫ«Ī⣻˼壬ֻߣ˭֪
Ϊɫ«Ĵڣ˼߲޺硣
ν޺߲ʣ͸ɫ«ĹӰ߲֮ɫ
߲ʺ«ͬû˼ֻ봫˵ġ
⴫˵еĴֲ׽ģ֪ģȴ١


243 ٱ
٣ֹ˵ü޹ݡߺ졢ɫ«ȶԳӰҲ޼أֻ޾֮û֪ٵı̬ΣҲû֪ٵĹЧΣû֪Ƿڣߴڹ
ԣСһ١һ˵
֮ܶ٣ǱֲأӲΪ֪Ӳڵ£
ҶЦôҲû뵽Լô׵õСԼȵСһ
䱾壬Ȼ٣
쳾֮еĶҩһ
ԼԷ޵˵ġؼһȵȻģһ˵Сˣ˵̫͡
ҡ
ҶЦ֪Լˣˣˣκˡ
һԵĶΣҲϡΣϴ󣬻һ鶮ɲǰ׽еģκκ֣κδڣҲþڱ֮¡
ģ㲻˱뵱꣬ǵʱ򣬾͸㲢սһ仰㲻˵Ǹģ
˼˼
ֻСڡƴקԼȥѰԼı壬Լֲ
ֲԼĿռ
Ҳ֪ǲĳ񡭡ĳԡĳĳĽǿפŭˢڸУ
ġ
ҶЦʱһֺһĸо⡭𡭡
ңǲǻû˯ѡ
УҲΣǧѰҶһᣡ
̫ˣô̶Ⱦˣˣĵû桭һפռ䣬γɵĺôĺܴ󰡡
ҶЦȻ׼˵ʵû뵽һεջȻԶԤڣȻ֮һֲԼħƣ
˼ѾС߳ȥ˼ǧﻹоԼһŸһŵλһĲʵо
ǰ棬СವļٷУʱػͷȻҶЦ̫ˡ
СĺЩȲ
ϽŲȥǷ֮УԼпܽΪ
ֲȫһĸ
̫Ҹˣ
ȫȲˡ
ôˡ
˰ǰ˵Ŀ֪ϾȻȺ˰
СһͷһͷõģҶЦҲЩżˡ
ɴСӥָͣһȥէ׾֣һӷ˳ȥ
СԼ״һ֮ǰǸСӥٵģֻʱǴ̬ٶʤһ֣˼ʼСӥȫپ˹˿ҲѷɫԼ
ۼӥչȫ٣СȻҲʾšһǻָͣһ·ʰ쵵ǰɡ
һ·ͷݶֱӷٵƲϷһȻ֮·ٿ
ڡ
һɽڣСͣ
ıɽ֮УҶЦʵ
Ӧǵ˵ͷˣҪȻСҲͣ
ߴߴߴ
ؽ¿ڱıתһȦְͷ˵ֺʰ쵣ǧԻ֮
˵ûɽ֮ڣҶЦЩ˼飺ɽȿڣʲôã
ǹŪ飿ºڣҶЦûס
СԵؽɽȿŵʯͷվסС
ҶЦס
˵ʯͷǡı壿
ҶЦɴ۾
鿴ɽһľʯĿҲλɽΪ۵ĵط
СԽڰͷ漴ҶЦĿ֮£Ѿ˲֪ʯͷ͵ط˱仯
䣬ݷｫֳ御
Ԥϡ֮䣬ʯͷ߽⣬չҶЦǰģһϲ죬²ŵصľӨ͸ޡ
ôڰ֮УҲָֻͷϸɳ̣ȴһ޾΢о
٣
ҶЦͨ͸۾Щֱ
ȫܸо֮У̺޾ԪܣƺԶѷʱ
ߴߴ
Сͷ
ǧ򻯣ûǧһ١
ҶЦ²ȻǵºڣͬʱҲαװ
ûС·ʹµһ֣Ҳδܹҵһֱڴ˵е٣ȻôĿŵİ۵ĵطʯΪڻ
·ǣʮûмǧҲмڡ
ʹûκע⵽
Լı£ν֮δ룬˼δ֮죬Ӷ˵ã
ҶЦԼĶģ죬ҡ


244 ѵ
ⱾҪôֲнɣҶЦʵ
СߴߴӶȻһΣֵʧ
һ̣֮ӿֳ͸Ŀ֮ӴƣҶЦĿ⣬عƣӿֳ͸ֻµʮɡ
ڵ٣һȻ
Ȼ󡭡һ˲䣬еĸֶʧˡ
ֻʣһͨ͸ƮƮƵҶЦ
һҲֻһ߶೤˴ϸ⻬֮է֮£һ֦
Ǵ˵дδ˼٣
ҶЦһ¡
£һɴߴٵ
ʲôʲôһȥȥ仧
ҶЦ˷ۡ
ֻһҩֻ˵һ£ôȴоԼ˳һ㣿
ûôҩ
èŶȻצӣץһ£šಡһСٶһָֻŶߴߴԵ쳣
˵ȻǿԶңĸУƾʲô
Сųͬøһ㣬ͷͷŵľơһƶһҶЦͲ䣬ƺо˵һ㡣
ߣΪҳʲô
бԴȩ̀ǰצӶ䣬˼ʿСԵ񣬻ҶЦ֮ǰ޵һ㣬ðڿһɵ档
Ѳ߾ĽӥҲǾӸֻĸͷСʵ̫ˣɵĻôȫأ֪Ƕ·ô޾ռ˵㣬ƹȫԴǶϴòá
ǲϴ󰡡
һﾹȻΪס˵ĴȾͿ˼ˣĿԡ
ŶӥǷΪδʾأ
ҶЦ״εЦЦŤСԣǶСӥҶԼˣԺҪùϵŽᣬֱ˴ˣѵܹƽ
ҶЦ߻û߶꣬ȻǸ߰ƫͷȥһҲҲӡ
߹ͷȻ͸ý飬Ӧô
سĴֲ֮׵ٻΣˣ˺ҷۣ
ҶЦʱһͷʹ
һôҲҪڶԵͷѧԡ
һԽٵıս޾ռ䡣
СһʤߵģأҫظָֻŰ죬̬ǽһߡ
۾ĶȥȻȥ
ľû⣬ᣡ
㱾Ѿҵĵ̣㻹Ŷã
ȻȻͷ㣡
سĴֲ֮ףôͷ͵ڱˣһǰŪ㣬ҲǺܴҲͲ칲أ׺ɣʯôԶɣ
СӥȻѾĳˣһͼӴףɿСԵԽŰ裻ıҲԽΣա
ٹһᣬСԸоЩˣ౵Ĵߴ٣ҪռȥǼµĿС
ҶЦ죬ȴֲ˵ʲôѵ˵ɲܽȥȥǿдΣյģؼ㵱˵Сô
ð˼Ҷøһգ嶼ˣתͷͷ˽˿ռΣգ
Ū˭أ
ǺŪǺŪأ
ѵѵ֮ǰһŵϷ

Ļ棬ҶЦȫ֪һСռ䣬ǰ·᫿Ҳֻýһ˽ȥ
û취ʵҪ˲֪õģǹǸеģ
Ȼһ̣ҶЦûü˵ǧ飬ѱ˵֮ĻѡಡһûӰӡȻȲȥʰµСܡ
ԶСǼر˵СôĿŵĶײð͵ڣѾǺ˲ˡ
ڣĳڽ˿ռ䣬ﻹ̵ס
ȻУ
ҶЦĶͷһһӵĺߡ
ûκΣֻ⼸һȥڡ
ǲ֪ųسĴֲ֮׵ĳܹڻһĳֶ֧ã˭ɧأ
սۣĳʤãǰ;
£òƸûԼֵܹأ˰ɣ
СӥҶЦһԾϻָ޴͵Ľӥ󱳣ɽٴλصɽ¡ҶپǴһ·ģǹ˵ϢȻҲ·Ѱ
ֻ·Ѱң
ԣҶЦҲǲܸı·ߵģһ֮У
ȥһ·ϣӥеί
ΪҶЦһͻһڽӥͷһǣ˵˵㣬ղŲȰȰҲͰˣػҪɿ㿴ֵĲ֪´վ˵۰
ӥԴͱ͵һ͡
ɿ𣡡
ֻ
վ˵ۣ
һһôСۣû¾Դף˼ô
֪ûУ
´λҲˣ


245 
ÿ˵һ䣬ҶЦһ½ӥԴӥͻ͵һ£ӥһ߷ɣһŤͷίı⡣
㻹ˣ뵱ǴϾСӥȥˣҪ֪ӣҾ͡һǻһÿһ飡ҶЦŭһơ
ӥίĹϴ
ԺҪŽ֪𣿲ԴףҶЦһӥͷ
ڸ㶨һ
ҶЦ˿
ⲻ֪ϴĽӥȴǸ̲ѣޣ˭ΪԴˣӥǸֵģңҵ£СֵӥѹӥӭأֻҪӥСȣǰ;
ֹһʼվòĵҶЦ̲סռֻǴĿȴǼʱĿɿڴĿ࣬ƿԡ
ֻ޾ռռ˼Ȼ
ʮ۽ߣʮһ𣬺Ȼһ޴ı֣еţȻ˵ȫȻģеĶˣ
ģظ߾ᱦ֮ϣССӣڱϣȻ˶ȣĿһɸĿ
һֻèŶڸ߸ߵĴϡ
⡭ֳ桭ʵ̫ˣ
øսҶЦӼ˲͵˳ȥ
棬µʮ۽ߣҷа㶼ֱͦӲӣе롣
ڶ棬۽ߣҲֱӣѺﷸĲһ㣬ٲȻ
м䱻ѺλõģȻСԣ
⡭
ĿһĻҶЦֱ˹ʹˣǡڡã
ҿþȻôģ൱ǡ
Сԣﻹа棿Դͷɥ
ҶЦǰλϷѾݹˣĳѾ׾ͷˣҪҲ˴õĿ
桭һȡ
أ£
˻˻˻Ⱥһ䡭
ɷˣ
СԵͷˡ
ۣ
ߴߴķˡ
Ժ֪ˣ

أҲҺҶŸɣ
ˣҲˡ
أҲҺϴλã
ңҲˡ
䣡˭ϴ
㡣
ۣȻ֪ԼݣǻϽμϴ󣬻ʲôһϴһϴô
ҶЦӼĵ֮УСԱϥĽڵϣһͶصӣЩеķˣ쳣߶Сϸһȥ
ۣ
һͷڵϣȻǿͷˡ
ҶЦԾԼΪѿ۽缫ߣȴٿһ۽磬̶ȵСè䣬ȻͶءؿͷС⻭˵ʵ̫ˣ
ҶЦ֪һèһ񲢲ϵè񣬶ܹԽè弫ޣ̫׷
ȻӣȻһݣһʱ䣬Ȼһɾµķɣ
˻˻˻Ⱥһ𻶺ϴӲ徣ǧأһͳ쳾
˸־޽ڲٵЦ
ҶЦ˶ˡ
¾Ȼôö֮ķԼǰ
ȣ
ҶЦһʾһ£ϴˡ
ӿϴϴ
ߴߴߴСɲǼಡһҶЦίķޣС۾棬ٲȻ׷ס
ʱNĻֻ֣ռȫ治סٻҶЦǽһ۰ôĻôˣҲ̫˷˰ɣ
֪ǲ޼ĳ˷ḻ沿飬۽ɵľ޴ʱ߽⣻ּ̤ŵèҶЦǰû֮ǰǰ˽ĳ˵ĻǰצӶ䣬Щڨڨġ
СſҶЦ޵ذί
ҶЦСԣһЦõؿŶͷʹ
ȻҲ뵽һ£ôҲû뵽ܰѳô󡭡
УСԻ˱΢ľͷ֮ǰ϶Ǳܴݲ֮ǰĳ桭
ôĥСԵġܹСôֵز
ҶЦĲˣ
޾ռ䣬ҶЦȻˣӵϵȨޣҲͿƹĹǻǵԶʩԳͷʱ뵽ֶΣġҶЦǸ˦ƹģһ㣬޾ռƿصʹָ
һ˵ҶЦһ̨Եˣ봦һӵʶ봦ҶЦӵеԣƿصԵʱرյԣõԳЪˣ˵õԸ£ǿɾԶԶռˣ


246 ʩ
˵һ仰СԾͨı£ٸ߹ݣڿռؽ磬ǾԵİߵλøͲԵȣ˵ߵʵλףСҲسĴֲ֮׵٣ڴ˿ռ޿ɱ⣬ϻһ飬˭˭ͣȴμ穣ͼӰģ
С԰ռȷʵ˵һĴڣҲûиõİ취ҶЦЦţСԣͬ۹õֵܣҪû¾ͽ飬ԴףͬҲٸֵ꣬ǽ
СԿ޵øˡ
ʲôʲô˵ʲô֮ǰ˵Ĳһòã
ո˳ĽȻͷԼܶˡ
ֻɶè
䡢ĳ伫ĥԼ
˺òˣΪָܹȴֻһû취ǲΪԼ
СԾûˡ
ҶЦתͷŶʹ˸ɫ
͵ˣԺ󻹵һأһˣϽٸһ
ǹԾ֮֮ԼϴĵλɽҲĳһͷһӸһ·
šһֺĴСǰ߹ͻȻһת֮ʣèצֱֱһ죬漴էɫ籩γ͡
ԭټĺٲһ
漴

һſɫĵҩƾճ֡
һſͨ巢ϣӨ͸һ߲ϼڵҩơ
ŪĵͬӵԵ鵤ǡʵӦ˵鵤̺пǰ޴ĺᾧ
ᾧ߶ԣȻıʱһΪҩĳЩϲӴϲ顭
ͱ˵°ɣĳСӵɵԲԲģͱסˣӦ˵Ǳɵˣ
ۿôĺᾧСҶЦһöԡ
ֹͣ˶ϹµµĲʮ֮ĺ񵤣ֻ˵ʮſŴ塭
ŵèڵҩȺаȥƺһδѲԼءܣʮ۽۾ǲεĿţȴûκһ
԰ڹˡ
βһ˦ŵҩշ𣬴ӵһ۽߿ʼˢˢˢ
һһţÿһţա
̸ˣűˣǳԡ
۽ߴϲסҩ˵һھȥɷǼ䣬¶ʼðɵɫϢ
ŪĵҩԾŴռﾫΪ޾ռǿǿ϶ɡ
˵ϣϳĴϼԪᾧ
ʹֻóһţŵ磬һ
СԿ۾ֱˡ
ôõĵҩҲ˵һšȻɶèιߣ
⡭Ǳﰡ
СԵĿˮԲס˳
ǽϺȫȻľƷ鵤
ġ
磬磬ϴⱾզ˵ҪʾͣСҲʹô͸İϴôⱾ˵Ϊʲô˵أ
Զ׼ĳĽڲҲ棬ﻹ֮ǰһٰӣ
ֻҶЦȴǿʹѡܼӣ˵棬ôֱô㶼ˣ⵱˵ԺôŪҪ찡
ɢϣ»ʣĿŵҩתͷСԣĿ֮
СҶЦֱӣֱضŵϵĵҩʾ֮Զ׼
ۼóѣ߰Ľһ˼򵥴ֱҪҪ԰
СأЩִٲҶЦһ£ãҶЦģԺҪõһˡǸŽΪأǰɡ
Сȷڹ˽ڼԼǶֻèΣֻί֨һ־شҶЦ踺صվڵϣȴмɪӣȻĳ֮ǰ˺ĵļ̡
ߴߴ
ء߰ͷ

ء
ǣŵ񵤷˹
СĿⷢһ첱ӣСһţѾŵһ˶ӣʱоһɾ˼ԼڱըһɲǼ
ߴߴСԺЩ˼
ָֻۡţһλ߷緶˼ǣҺúԺȻôĶеǣ
ڶ˵ȷʵҪ٣ж٣


247 
ڵ޾ռ䣬Դ֮ḻԶҶЦֶСԣСԹȻĴ󻧣ԵģȴҲǾмңң֪һСԱ֪ܣӵпԼȡıܣֻ쳣񱩣ܹȡȴܼԦжڼԦһԪܴڣκο񱩵Ҳƣ
Ƶ񵤵ıʣʵҲǽ󻯵һ֣תĩֶΣʲôͷҲͲ֥ơѣգ
ԣܼʲôģͲڣ
ʲôʲô
СԳɵȥԿȻ
СԼڶϲ˲䣬СԵӵֲ˲䡭
ͷʶƽ׽˵С
ߴߴСԸ˵ĽȻãܳ
ɫҲ֮
ҶЦ۰װ׵Ŀţֵ֪óˣշһСܣң˲浽һȥһֻһСè׷ȥ
òֺ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ͺõòҪҪˣ
ҹȻǿˡ
ղĳԼʹĳֶΣôһתȫأ
ѵ鵤κﶼף
ˣô˵ֻҪȶһĺ¡
ȻѾ޾ռ䣬϶ҪȥСԵı塣
ٳľռλõϿƮţٽľռ֮ľռ˼˾˵ı仯ԭĿȻĿռ䣬˼ȴǱٵľӨͨ͸ɫȾ飬⣬ٱҲ൱ı仯ԭЩɺԣЩͰ͵ƤҲڽռ֮󣬷ǵȫչֳһ˿⡭
پεĸ߶ˣξȨҲãԾֲֻȫתΪֲȻɫ֮ķ豹棬ɱΪ֮ʱ
ȻֻǼ򵥿һۣҶЦѾ֪㣬ٻľռȫԲѾֻʱ⣡
פ֮ľռ֮以㣬ѾҪʲô档֮ǰټҩҲֻЩĽѡ
ҶЦһɣԴӶµö񵤣һֱӳԽһóȥСӥָͬζСӥԼء
ڳ׵ķˣ
Ŵռ䣬ڸ㶨һ
ʱգɾͣԼٶһųƣ
ǰǾ롣ǰƵɽ壬ĿУǡ
ǰ죬Լλ¹ͻأʧһ롣
ʱ洺磬Լһ嶾Լޡ
ڼļʱԼ̬Ҳƺࡣ
ȻӲȱһоⱾ嶾ԼȴǴûӴĸ߼ɫһ֮£ʱԣʳ
һֱڣԾɼǵãҶЦ֮˵Ǿ仰
ûȤ֪ʲôʲôҲϣڸڼ䣬ΨһþֻǸߡ
ӦļĴ֮·ϣܹ֮ǿһЩ
δΣҪʱȥд˭˵˵û壬Ŭǰаɣ
ҶЦ˵ⷬʱ򣬶оԼʵزһ¡
ԭѾ˲֪µϣƺڸա
ߵǰνġ롯֮£˵ȴǶ״ʾҽ֮ء
룬޽ֽĵһءνĵһأ˵֮ǰ֮кܶƵĹؿȴίʵΣյһء
˵룬룬컯һӴʼ쿴Ӣۣ
ҶЦ룬൱ĸڴפ
Цһ룬ǵ޽ʮŰһ̣ԴҶͻʮŰ˸ĳʮŹء
ҶЦԲһ
ν˵Ӱ߶һ֮ҶЦԽе춥ǿߵĿֲʹԼѾսʤ벽ߵսһ뼰߶˫һǿߵܣҶЦҪʵҲ˵߶ǳϻҶЦʵԽԽʵʵԶԶԼ룬˵ķͬСɣ
ǰ˵ʮŵؿ֮ˣ뵱߶ͬһ
ĵ˵ͷ˼ɣΪⰺʮŸطŻΪ޽ض˸ҷ
ĵһأ˻ϣܹȥģȻϣ϶󡣡ʵʵ˵½飬νðա
ҶЦǰľ룬б·ƹ
ҡͷЦƹ޽·
ҶЦһźˣǰеɡ룬ҲҪһˡ



248 ֵܻľ
ҶЦѾϤ˾ĵ̣ҶЦĽŲһ·˵̡
˾¹
£ԼȥҾ˽͡
£Լ
֮ܶƬھģ˭Ǳ߳£ë
սнЭͬη˲ϵѲӣִ򲻶ϳִܻ֮ϻԾϸһ˼ͻһͻƣǾ׵Ķǿ١
֮ܶһ仰ҶЦ֮Уڲ֪ǱĬ֮Уϯ޽
ǰɵĸ߽Ȼ࣬ڼͶͶЧͷʮƣ˵֮ӴѾʤ̾ڷҳǵҶҾ

ǰ͵ڲɲһʵע⡣
ֵܻᡣ
һССһþѸˣֱһִʼϯµζϹüͷ
ΧžŸλ
ֵܻʮλʱ򣬴ִСҲ۵ἸˣһһԲԼʮλ
ǾߵǾ·ߣɹۣǼʵۺû£Ȼڶ࣬ųɾŶں֮ڣǷȱʵʵ޵úܣкֵǹϵĵط֮δ̧̫˰ɣ˵һĿ׷ƣֵܻʮλۣ֮ҲǵϹһҳǵλ
ףȻͷͷǵֱҪʿյĿϹǺЦ
Ҫ˯žеĴȤң翼һҶҾ׷˵
ҶҾǱʲôɿǵģϹšüͷҶҾֻҪǵҪ֣һʱ֮ھܳ׸ҶҾ
ǾͳֽյǱѪծҿûһ׷ƺ޺޵
ۣǷ֪ڶؼģǾ󣡡
һΪƵС
ЦҶЦһ·߹ĶŪ̫ˣʼ벻ףλҶʵĿĺڣ֮ǰչֳĸ֣϶ϲ̵ĵʧ
Ϲüͷ壺оǣֵܻȫ岻ȥ޽ĵ֣ʮ֮˾ŶҶҾ֮С
ʣµЩȴԵ׵ʸûС
˵ں֮ڡϹ磺޽ʼջȺں֮ڵΪӴ󡭡ֻҪ£㹻ײ߲㷽ֻҪƾհ۷֡ǾڼʱϣɱΪ
Ϲһ˵ľ󣬱ҶҾҪһ򱶡Ҫֵ򲻿С
ϯһ۴ʼĬĬţʱʳһ仰ԤУδΪ𣿡
ϹԶʱסòŵ⵹δء
ǲΪ󡭡δķչģֵܻ󣿡۴һʵ
Ϲһγɵĸãͬδء
ΪǷһϾж֮·ȫûнѵĿܡ۴󺺵ȷʡ
ϹסˣȻʶ˽۴󺺷ʵĹؼڣվָǣίʵ̫ˣ˵죬ϹҲһѣ
۴󺺵ͷһ߸Ϊʱʵ̫ˣֵܻὨһֱһԭ򣬾ǡ
ӣǿԴ࣬õҪõģǲҪõģһЩеûģ룬ٴ
۴仰˵ÿء
ǲҪõģ˵Ҫõȴòġ
֮Ȼõǲõģͬδؾ
в죬ֻҪһ㣬ӷ
ֵܻ˶ǵѣκ˶޷ϣǡǵĿĴҪư¡۴˵ǲ񡣡
ĿѾЩˣѾһЩܵؿǵв뷨ԣܲԣ
۴΢΢һЦ
޽ϣԽԽã˵ԽǿԽá
һ£ЦЦ
ĮЦݣȴʲô˼һݡ
۴ĳ˵ֵܻ֮ǡĺ֮ڣֵܡ
ϹصͷǣʼǴϳɳأĿǳ;


249 ǿ֮ģһǰ
ǽǳã۵ĵ̣۵ĵ̣Ȼףȴһֵܻס۴󺺵ڣƸ¥ڣѵƫƫݲһ󣿶۵˺ʱǶԣΪ
Ϲ죺ǡ
пܣֵܻԸһ󲿷棬ţýȺ۴󺺳һЩۣȷֵǾٵڷܹڱʱһǲұΪֵҪ顣
۴󺺵ÿһֵܻĵˣֵܻñֵⲻν죬ֵܻĸԭڣ
Ϲһ󺹣վͷ˵磬ίʵˡ
۴󺺵ĵͷҶҾƿأŻԾ󣬹ӽĹ۲졭֮Ϊѱ㲻Ҫ֮ΪУ
仰˵ĺȴ
˶Ǻ˼ڵͷ
ڣλЦ۴󺺴һ˿Ц⣺Ǽһߵˣȴֵùע
룡Ϲ˵
˾ô۴󺺵ЦЦһ
ʮŽأҶͨҡ۴վʣµһӦ飬Ծ֣ȥ˯һһӶôӣۣ
˵ձ㼴վܲ˵˳ȥ
ϹʱһЦϴƢ
˵Щǣˡ
˵㣬ûûΡ
Ҫϴ϶ൣһЩԼĲôҲǻ裬˭ˣ
ϵͷħɲô׶Ըġۿ׷ֻЦ
ݲ׶ԸҪǡֻġ֮Ҷ棬ûжϹʵ
ȫûС߶棬ҲûκζûκҪĴ㡣˻ش
Ϲüͷ૵չҲ
ȻҳûжͽעͶעߡϹ
ЦղͨôһվɣЦܹͨô밲ļֵܣأ
Ϲһǵ۵ǽǾͿλЦҪʲô

ЦҪʲô
˵ʵ⣬һֱھҶЦԼ֪ȷ
ֻҪһֱǰߡ
ҶЦžϵ̬ݶԵ쳣Į
ǰĵ·
ֻҪһֱǰߡߵһҲȷκ·ģҶҪ֮˺飡
ҵǰе·ֻܡҪôұ˺飬ӴʲôûУҪô·¶˺飻һֱľͷ
ǰʲô·ҶҪһ·ǰУ
ûѡ񣡡
ҶЦ¶һ˿ΪĹЦݣһֵּ׵
룡
һ֡
Ų·̣ҶЦȻ֣ϣȻûκֲڣ
ĿǹͺͺһƬʯͷɽ
ƺκζֲ꣬ﶼ棡
ˣղſұĲˣͼֻǵͨʮŹأҲʲô£
ٵĸĵУֻҪڼ֮ǰߡĶȫֻѰ·ˣôǻǿɹءȫʮŹأҲûԵ·ʼͬ޽Ψһɵ
ҶЦǺһ֣Ŷô˵ҪȻͨʮŹأʵҲûôѡ
ȫǺֻҪֹΪΨһҪעһҲɽǰʯͷϣһ·Ǯ⣬ȻͿ԰Ȼͨ

룬޽ʮŽ֮һѾãѾõû֪ؿ˵˭˶֪ʮУǵ˼˵ˣѾˡ
йԹԽ·ǮˣܹȻͨϸ˵ʮ˹ضǻʵƽ·ֻҪ⣬һ·Ǯľ⣬·Ǯɲô
ҶЦŶ֮ԣüʵ·Ǯ
ʵҶЦк˵ĻΪԼ룬ν·ǮƣĪ˵˼ҲδҪۣͳƽ·ӦøƽǮƽΪһǮһλǿ߶ϣʲô£Ǽ޴ģ߲ȡ
Ҷȴƫƫ
ҶٵʵǵҶƶ˳߶֮һԳ涨ҶҺ֮£ҶЦا䣬ԽԽǿ߲˳ۣԽԽսǿߣǰ֮£ǴҶң
˻δ͸ҳ·Ǯ
үƽȻԼȡǿ˿Ǯƻƽүϡۣ
ɵǣҶЦ֮ǰŸճ˶³¯ĳܵ񵤣ҶЦԭ̶ʥԪƷ۷Ϊͻƣ߸ͽ˵ڰƷ
Դӿռ٣ԱƵ仯ҲҶЦΪһ٣ÿʱÿ̶ǡ
ŵֵҶЦţһִ巽۵ǰҶҲһս
˵Щıùͷˣ
ҶЦǷȱ֪֮Ϊ˵ľ棬г˲֮
޽֮УΪֹʵ̫˳죬˳˳ˮҵ̬ѾʼäĿԴĿӵ̬ơ
ҶЦЦЦ̬Ȼõıȥδӭӭͷһʱ򣻺пٲ÷˵һֱô޵ȥҲɽ˻ÿսʤ޵ġ
ʶǰϣڴȥðһջֵõġ
ܳɣ޵֮·㣡
ɣҲתѣ붥֮ĽսľҲܶһЩ
ǰ뷽޵һսҸ߹˷޵Уʵʵ߶ȣʹ˵ƣĥһսʧȥζʵڷζĺܣ뵱ǰľۣ֮ʵս
ҶЦ˵꣬ƮƮǰȥ
ⷬƺ֪ͣЦͲڶԼ͡Ҫκ˽͡
ֻڶԼ͡
ǿ֮ģһǰ
Ȼð仰֪ǰиֻӣҲˡ
һˣ֮ı覴ã覴΢ٷϾ
ҿ԰ܣʧܵ
Ȼˣս֪ǿ֮Ĳж٣
ҶЦнԶıӰ֮ǵϾ룬ֻһ仰û˵
ʤܣ˵ȷʵǺ£֪ûҪֱڵô˵أšˣǸˣҲȷʵûɶ˵ģ
Ȼ仰򲻸˵ġ
ңλЦһʼĲԸڣȻȻһݾ֮ġ
Ǵķ𾴡
룬

һա
ں쳾¼ϣŨصдһʡ
ǰʮһ꣬Ц귽ʮһϮ̽ʥԪƷΪһϾ룬ˣЦ徵Ĵ˵ɴչ࣡



250 
ڹͺͺɽϣҶЦֶУģͬٷһ·ƮƮηˣнͬɽˮһ㣬˵£Ĵݲ
룬룬컯һӴʼ쿴ӢۣҶЦһЦӴʼ쿴Ӣۣ죬⡭˵˵˳ӦʼҲ̫һЩ
˼һ֪ð˳ƺķƮƮϱת˲Ŷ֪Ӻ˵𣿡
ҶЦν˳Ӧ񲻾ǽһȫҵ֮бУ컯֮Ϊã֮ҵ̸˳ӦǿЦ
˼ǣӦû죿
ҶЦһ·ʰߣӦңң
Цһţϧ˼ȴδءȻ룬ôңĸҲҡ
ҶЦЦˣң㣿Ҳδؼá
ǲһ˲ĬƬ˵Сӿ
ҶЦ¼Ȼض֮ЩȤ߳һҲҼʶʶʲôˣܹҵȫգ
˵ĵɾûˡʮȴûܹҵĿ֮Ծܹ棡
ҶЦЦѵҲ͵治ôѾҪĽȻƽȥδ棿νĽڱСдưɣ
һĬȻҶЦĻ¡
Ȼһ˷θֳӰϸȥЩӰʵһˡ
ӰӰ´¡
룬룻컯һӰӰ´µӰһСӣ֪νĵһӺκ
ҶЦüĿĹˣɨⷽԲǧĿǹͺͺĻɽʵʵĻشû־һͺͺɽͷûмνһʲôط
˺ǺǵЦ˵ʵڣۣ֮ʵνĵһȴÿһµˣ֮ǰʶµһ
ҶЦͫ׼֮ĵһֻ˲ܿľ£
˼ǧｹҷڣ
ӰͻȻɢֻֿһӰڿ׿
Ӱֻ򿪣һѹ
ĹէȻֻ֮з˳ǵ㣬Ƭ̣ѳ롣
һ̣һ澰Ȼ֣
룬ԭͺͺɽͷһ˲䣬ͻȻ仯Ϊĺ
˿̾룬Ŀ̺죬ɫֻǴĿɽҰĻɢݳ֮ȴʵƮǧ
ҶЦȷǰǻþΪţԭһеĹϣȻһ˿ɫð˳漴Ѹٵĳ󣬿֦ɢҶĳȻ˲俪š
ֳѤõĶ̬
һУ˲Ϣ֮ɡ
ĿܣŵףΪʻռ
ʢɢŨ㣬ʶΪ֮
ָ֮䣬ǵָ֮䣬ԭͺͺɽ£һƬͺͺݲɽת˲̺Ļ֮
ʲôֶΣ
Ǻεͨ
λҶЦĶ۾˲ֱˡ
֮ǰû˵ڳķٶӿͷҪԣȥ֤壬Լ飬ԼûذԼôɵأô͵û·Ǯأ
ʧ꼰㣬ԼҪǿ̫ԩˣ
޾лɳһϮʤѩۣƮȻûпҶЦ˵ظֶ۾רעĹܻ˵ЦһƬʤ㿴ÿɻ⣿
ҶЦ΢Ц֮Ȼ֪µǳͷҶЦٳ衣
ɫȻٳ裬һ·ɨ޽ߵЦˣպյߣҲעһʢ֮¹Ȼʿ
ҶЦллܹþôдµٳġ
˸ֶ۾ĿŻҶÿÿһ롢ȴ֮ˣҶһľɫȻ󣬽ɱ
ÿһ꣬ڿһƬ˼ɫҲ޺룬룬컯һ
Ĭһ£ƺҪ˼ʱ䣬ǰǡ컯һƬ컯֮ȴҵ컯ġ
ת׶տҶЦ峺Į䵭ͬڿһˡ
ȻĿһƫƣޱ޾Ļ֮ʱ۹ٶȱɿȡ
һĿȡ
ҶЦҿ컯һ޺ˡ˶ҶЦ˵
ҶЦǹһЦ޺ʲôȲ˵ֻ˵ֶΣҿȴǲǣһ۵µһ̫֮Զν棬治ǣ
׶һĹâŶǣ
ҶЦһٿݺ컨ڵָ֮䣬̩һɽҰʻʢȥʢ֮ʱէȷʵģ֮ˣǲǣΪȻˣ
˱ЦŶѵЦ֪УиĪ컯ֶΣ
ҶЦȻѵΪֶξѾ컯ˣȻǼʤ棡
ʵҶЦ˵ưʵİĿ¶⣬ȴδŭҶЦġ
⽫Ƭɽȫ˻֮أȴɱ˵ʱ֮ͷšͷŵģһ˲ȫȷʵεΪۣȻ֮ȴΪ˿
ҶЦĵ֮⡭ԴΪֻۣҪʻ֮ȫ˥ܣܹΪṩԴԴϵֻҪƬ֮սڲ֮أ
ҶЦ̧ͷŰ˵ͫףذٻΪãԴ˵ȻȻս޲ʤ
ҿԶ϶µˣ£
ҶЦ΢Цţݺ£ŲҰĻȻ޽ʮŹصһصľ֮
Ƚνµһʵ²ĳԤϣ
ɫľȻֻǿҶЦĿȴԽԽɭȻ֮ԽԽʢ
ഫ껨ݺ£쳾һǻʢȴֻܾھȾִ֮װŪ࣬˶ݣ
ҶЦòƺĵʵ£㵽ǳʲô£ǵǸͷȻ䵽Ҫͷ¶βĲҵأ˵һ£
ҶЦһ仰׶ɫһ䣬һĿɱһһֵȻ˵ܳʲôҲ޹أȻ˵ǰҪ飬Ѿҵ컯֮Ҫɥڴˣɱ㣬練Ƶģ
仰Ȼ˵ɱ죬ȴѾԼݡ
ҶЦɱң練ƣô˵ҪôˣûмҲмʮˡ
ڻģ
ҶЦЦЦ껨òʣݳ֮쳾ٻΪ֮ԡڹµݾĴ壬˿˵еľɣͬҷǳȵ£֪£Ƿйػ˵Եأ
Ȼ˼Ĺâ۹⣬Ѿм
ҶЦһ仰˵ʹ
ŻХһŭȵЦҶЦɣ
ҶЦѵһЦô߳ŭˣ˵л£ȿ꣬ӴɷػǸ˵أµǴ˵еĻأǲ¼ʶǳѷ뾩ˣ
ҵĴϢһȴٲ
û𣿡ҶЦǵȺĻһ߻㼸֣ڣ붼ȥһͽһ㣬νµһɱ֣˵һ˵ĪԼʵ˻ɣҪӪһĻŸҳ֣ȷԼƣЩ걻ɱ˹Ȼ٣ûһ㴦ͬһλ׵İɣƾȫĵֶμҪɱңֻڳ˵Σ
Ȼŭһ͵ն
·Ļ֮𵴣ȻɵС
˲ۺ֮࣬һɫĲɫ޽
ھ޽Ŀʮɳɿֻһ㼸аһС
ڻ͵һ̣˷ϣһס˽ɫ޽˲һֻͨС˸ɫ챦
ֽ֣޵ƾӸ֮ƣһȻ䡣
ȻߣȻŭȻʤȯգЦһ̣˿⡣
һӸոս޽ͿʼɨĴ˾һɸ֣л޽һ֮۷޵еսǰôУ
ҶЦӶȻһڻƮȻ˲䣬ȴһΪͬʱҶЦٳ御
һֳ̣ҶЦ˴µİ
ֽ£
һֱ̣Ϯ
ڽ֮УԻͳף
䣬ҶЦ¶ϡ
УҶЦóԼûʹùؾС
Цľз
ͬһԴϽ
һ
ɳʼ


251 ơģ
ԻǿڿģȫȻɻɵ컨ҶЦоһּµѹһԷָľ޴в
ҶЦ֮ǰҲԹ֣ижʵҶЦ֮ϣջγɵоȴƽһθܵ
ϼʽһĨ̫ոƽߵɫ˲Ƭɽ
ָǧһдůƣǵصȻȴһֳش
ƽĶۣ֮ϵܣ֮ҶЦһҪǿʮȻҶЦ¶ϵһƴȴʤǿܣӴĻ֮ϼһһ֡
״պ˵ĸֵǿͻƽȴţ֮С
һļ
ֽһˡһӼƷ𣬿иƵĻ꣬Ʈɡ
ǿڻλһ컨˫Ժһ͵ɢ
һƴлٽ٣ȴδܣ
ʲôɲĿҶЦ
ۿԼȥľڵҶЦǰ˲䣬ԷƥϬɫֿͽȻԴҶЦХȴǰҲû˵ҶЦ塣
һ̵ľȵױȣƽԵоֺֹǧȻΪԶԶ֮ˣȴҲѾȥһĳ̶ȡ
οΪԶԶԼҶЦ
Լ鳤ڣǵĶǿߣҶЦҲֻʥԪ˾ƷӡôĲ࣬صĲ࡭
һ˵ֲ࣬ԾѹʽսҶЦȫ߱㻹֮֮ܣŶԡȴϣ֪ľ档
ⲻ֪ҶЦ˼ҲĲ죡
˴Ҳ״׵ϼ֮ǰ֮Դδùһȭǵ˵ųֵģ񹦵ĽʹߵıΪҪʵ̫ߣҶЦ֮ǰȻŷ꾢УδȻģҲʩչ
ҶЦִнﵽʩչޣ˼ʵһԵУСţչֵ֮֮ǿҶЦҲǴһ
ʲôɳԾģ˹Žһ񹦣ǹǰдƱǸ֮⣬Ҫʵ̫ΪǳԷܣǻ֮гֳȴδѪѲ
ҶЦէŻʻγһĻعȻЦô¸о⽣ֵĿ
һȷʵϧϳȴ鰵Ͷ䣬У
ٶȽһӣ컨֮ǰӿһļپۼšһһڵէ֡
һɵĵ
ѵ֮ǰһͨͷףȴиһ쳣ЭȥƺһɫѤĹƷĸо
ǰֵʱʮɳ̣ڵһֵʱֻߡ
ʡȥŨḶ́ʲôأ
һ߻̧ͷҶЦͳ˵ЦǾľһ
˵һΣһ
ҶЦ֮䣬ʮɿռ䣬ȻһŸ˾ȻѾҶЦǰ
н·ǧʻӹ֮࣬Ȼήһز֦Ҷ
ǻȴڴ˿¶ѤöĿĹʣ統⡣
һȻ䣡
ʻͬʱή
¶һ˿ʹһ𣺡Ц
Ĺâ˲仯˳֮ɫ
ˣƣȫֶҶЦҶЦһ˲䣬ֻо׹ߣ
Իֲ˹Ĺϣʶ䣬ȻȫɥʧҪֿ
ҶЦ˼תȫδҶЦһһԴԻļѹһһЩЩһ΢΢ɶ
ȻѹԸǿѹ
ʼôһ˲ϾҶЦһ˲

һĨѤõϹȻ֣ӭϻȻµĻ
ɫ磬ͻȻײһ
һɱʱö֪ȴǳʵ
ҶЦնһеľϼ⣬ԾֻǰѵнȥߣҲΪֹ̣ǰ
ͬɽһѹ
ҶЦԴ˱仯˿ңǰãǾͺˣٷˡ
һ߷ˣһ߲ϳ
ʵͬ쫷磬β׷ϣҶЦ裬ɫŷһһƣһƬƬĵγһ
ͬһȺ䣬ڲϹһͷǿķӥ
Ȼƺ䲻ϵر䣬ͬݺһ㣬ӥԾڲϵرƽȥ˿ȫʵÿǰһÿƽһ֣ڳܵΪҵķ
ߣڵǻһһܲסΧ˶߽⣬ҶЦ޷ٷ߽Էƣһ
ڡ
ҶЦһƺߣȻճƽϣһѪʹȻֱʮɣ޶Ŀ
ӣͬ߷һ˳ȥ
ȫһԶԶڵҶЦֵܹ
ƮƮҡҡһֱɳɣš䡱һײһʯͷʯͷӦѣҶЦȴҲڽֹסȥơ
ҡҡ׹վţҰףովѪ
УԾϹӨȻԱŷԽĽͬһδŭ˵ľҪһ
ۻŭзʬ֮£
ȻҶЦȴԼԼ£ԼѾղľһ
һѾˡ
ҶЦΪΪֹ㶥壬ͻĲѾԶܹɹͻĲĻԼһΪܹ¡ΣϻȻ˵ȲʤȯֲȴһģǴ˼ʣȴѼ˵;ƿݣҪˣ
ҶЦ֪
ս˹ӦмԵʣ
һϼʽ⣬Ȼϼеף޻һƻһȴҶЦɵ֮ϼҶЦʩĹûУһҲǴһֶϻղеҪԭûûΪϳˣپĽҲȻ
ҶЦԻԤҲ൱ƫҶЦӦ̫ǿϼʽһƴ£ʤ֣Ի۸ͣû뵽һ֮֮Ƴ֮κһ涼ԼƺģӦԲԶͷԾ˰ƣ
ȻҶЦϵʧǺϼ֮еĲΣ񹦺ųƹŽһ湦ʸ֮׵ĽڣıѾ˵˺ܶ⣬ĽǻԿģҲҶЦлʵˣڶнʱ̬Ѿ΢Уܵȣ
ʵ͵ǰ棬ҶЦǾܾģ֪ϼ֮е֮ԼͲʩչԼͻƵĲ֮ǰбҪһ·ĽУЦڶǿߵЧԽԽСϼ֮ӣʵָ̫Ϊ˵ʤƣԼеƣſӦսأ·ڱУ
ҶЦǿסּҪʹȥĸо۾עŻѪ£ȴĵĮνҲ˶ѡ
ִӻĸӡ
򻨶һҡҷԶ
ĻҶЦ֮ͬ컨꣬ҡҷƮɣֻҪһܹٴλնһеĻܲѷ
۸ղŵһδ˿֣ϾҶЦϼʽеֲ̫ˣһΣȷһܹռţһνǳȫǽ߾ȫƽʹҶЦĽεϬԵҲѵҶЦڶеӦзʽا䣬ƴ֮ʱȻû֮ǰһеƥâȻܴ֮࣬˿ңһһ߳
ȴȫͬϸ¶΢Ĳʽһлǧһһεĸѡ롢߽ԼƥƣӲ˻һ˳ϵ
Ȼشȴû
ǻû뵽ġ
һУͷβǻռţȴûռϷƵĸо
ҶЦòϣĽǹ壬ʵս飬Ƶ֮ˣΨһϧֻΪЩϧ̾˿ٸһʱ䣬ʱգȻԳɾһ֣ٶǿֻ֮֡ϧ˼Ȼ롭
ȻˣΥҾһ̿ʼûδԣ
ҡͷϧĵϧȻϧ
ҶЦҡΣڵϣųסԼҡҡ׹ӣȴԵƽĵһλˣȻʵˡֻԤеһξ롭
¶һ˿ƽ͵ЦһսҰˣǡһо֮գ¿ʤң˵ɱңȴǳġ
һ㱣ȫı£ôóȻĽҶЦһЦ
۾һֱڽŻ
ԵĿԼ˵һ䡮ֻԤеһξ롯仰ʱ򣬻۵ѸٵԹһ˿ʹ
ȻֻһţҶЦԾز׽
ΪһҶЦеλ¡ƺ֮
Ƿˣߵʵܡֹǰչ¶Щ
뵽Щһֱھ룬ȥʵ
ҶЦԼԼһ²⡣
Ȼֻǲ²⣬ȴҶЦڴսĺµ룬Ȼ죬ܻԼİΣһвҶЦȻҪһѣ


252 ҿ԰㣡
¡ҶЦһ¶һɲõЦݣʵǱ˽ţֱ˴˶ΪǷţһ߿Ϊ
Щˣܹ֮Ϊѣһ˸塣
ҶЦ˵ڼ޾ռ֮еȻȫλҶЦ壬ԻԪ˵ĵ񵤣Ҳڷá
ҶЦɫѸٵĺתݽߵĵϸλۡ
ɫһ䣬۾ؿҶЦҵţ
šҶЦȻ飬֪ԭһʮµľ޴š
ЦһҪǳ⣬ҶЦѾ˵룬Ŀʯ´ݲԻƵĻȴﶺ£ͷȫȻ֮áΨһɾȱɡ
㽫ؽȫռһѾɼһߡӦ˵ΪĴڣŻΪһء
νϣѾԽһ˵ʵȻǿΪǿԴһȴݹԣڵġСУ㷢еʱͫȻȴһɫĹֹʲôζʲôҪҶ˵𣿣
ҶЦŻ֮쳾ȴ̬੹£ɹ̬ȴַ˵£ȴϼ桭
Ҳ£Ԧʱ򣬱ĳ滨ɣǴαУʧȥ˴ıԴڻվȴ򻨵ֲȱǻԽ˵ȴͬڴ˵صδܽ˵֮ǰٲ뿪
ҶЦԶȻĿն˵ⷬ
һȻ̧ͷҶЦ
ҶЦ˵ǻѳµĻ֮ǵʱǿߣܹ޷ɷɵ滨ܣطѰʻֲµĵر֮
ΪѾԣ̳ŵɲݣֻҲѽ⻨֮ӡ
ҶЦȻ㵱ǰ״ܹ䵽زҲǴ˵ؼĴֲǸֲɣ߸ɴĴֲ֮һ
һ£¶𾪡
ҶЦһ٣еעŻ飬ʱ˻쳣д󶨣Լû˵
ռСԵҶЦ˰ա
ֵв¶ˣĴֲ֮һķɡǾͲһ㣬Ĵֲ»谵޹ݣߺ죻ɫ«ڣѵ٣Ϊ㣬δػ١ɫ«޹ϹϵֲѣϾ⻨ͷ֮ǰжĻô㶨Ȼߺ죡
һһԲ
ҶЦΪռԼ鵤ѸٻָҲۿɼٶȬھǻҪսҶЦҲѾܹһսʵ⡣
ڻսȫޣԭҶЦɱʧӰ١
˾һľܣվƺѾû
ƬɽĻͻȻ𽥵ĿήһƬƬİ䣬ȥ˿֦
׼ҶЦĻ䴥
мڴˣҶЦв֮ɫĴֲ֮еߺ졭Ȼߺĳνдһ֡ȴָɫֲĸԴָҲǲݣӲǻǺ쳾ǧ
ԣͼԦ֮շߺ죬ӸǴģ⵽Ȼ
ߺķɣǳ쳾֮ļ˷ɡܻûѾһ׮ˣȻҲлߺ첢Ҫء
Է֮ͼԦǧ쳾ȻΥ֮٣쳾ɣȻǱ֮أһƾ֮һصԴ֮סԼһ¡
ȻһȻҵã޷֮תΪ·ս𡣡
ҶЦŻŻ¶Ҷĳ˵ʮ֮˵õţҿ԰Ϊ·ȴҪѡ񡣡
һ㶣ʶطʵʲôѡ񣿣
һűϣδ䣬ȴȻԼĵ׶ڽԸʵ̫УΪ֮ᣬѿڶ
ƾǰСӣʲôԼɣ
ȻǰСӵͷ˽⣬Ȼ֣ҽʮĴŻǺܾ˵ģϾÿٷҶЦ֮ˣû⣬ҽѾԺţ¡
³ԴͷΣҽͷΣƾ΢ĩҲ˵ѡƣ
֮ɫ俴ҶЦڵΪֻǰһֻϣֻһģҷΪҿԴӣڻָƣԪô½һΣȴŴνң
ƾĻܹﵽôⷬĿ޷ǾҪһԭһССͱȼʶмִ֮⣬ô
ҶЦٺһЦΣѾ˵زƲģȫȷ󣬶ԼȻ֪Եķȴʱ˵ûκɱвȻ¶š
£ȣǷôҪ𣿡ҶЦЦţСΪ㵱ƿҵҵֻܸ㣬̴ˡ
ҶЦҪˣǵ޷ֹң޷׷ҡ
һ¶⣺ôԱǷֹ㡭
˵꣬ҶЦһЦ漴һ۾עŻҲδһȻȴڻ֮䣬ƾʧˡ
ɽϣĿĿ֦Ҷֻʣ˻һˡ
Ȼʹ˰ݣһʱʶ޶ȵȥѰҶЦټȻûУ
Բǧﷶ֮ڣûҶЦˡ
֮ҶЦѾھؽ֮ڣ
ڸղԼǰվţ˵Ծڶ߻졣
ġƺһ۾ܿ͸һеƺԾԼȴѾˡ
ôϢĳʧ׶㡣
ͻȻоԼһ
ղҶЦ˵Ҫˣǵ޷ֹ޷׷ϡ
Լ˵ôǴԱǷֹ㡭
ڣҶЦʵж仰չϬķˣֹ뿪ɣ
뿪ԣ
Ծԣ
¿Цһ
ԷҪ뿪Ȼ׾٣Լ޷ֹκηӦ
ȻӰһҶЦӰͻȻٶȳˣղһȫס
ԾվڸղʧλãͬǰһŻ
ƺû뿪
ֻУ˼Ц⡣
ƺ˵Ҷĳ˵뿪뿪ҺΣ
ȻΣſЦһҶȻû֮ܣ⡭Ҷίʵ󣬸ղŵһӦ²⣬ȫȷ
һֵҶԳܹңȨһЦˣ֮ȴŽ⣬ҲաȻҶôҶ˵һƬ̹;Աɡ
ԵҶǰ֮ʣһ棬룬ɽʮأǰؿֻ籾ףһ·СġЦţһƺʲôȱԻֺ룬ȴһɵǿߣʦǡ
ҶЦɫһˣׯص˵»߶Ҷĳ֪ޣǾԳ磬Ц̸֮˵
ƣЦЦҲ֮ܣߺ쳾ķɣҽ룬۴ǧ쳾ǵҩɾȣ޷롣ߺ쳾ķɣ˿ƽĻôֲûʸٽߺ쳾ˡ
ҶЦͷ⻰ԭǲģ̫֮ʱߺ쳾ֳ𶯡ǧһں쳾֮У˲Ⱦ쳾쳾Ⱦˣ쳾֮ڣȷʵûκԻɣȻзƣߺ쳾ԾǴǧһȻǴǧ£ƽĿܣⱾǵƵ
ҶЦһӣһϹէ֣ǵϹָֻͷСȻȴƽߵޱУϵ޾䡣
һ֣ƺʧȥ˹еɫ
Ϲ̺ĺƬոչڻߵɽ£رȻ˿˿⣡
ͫ׵ʱһνмһ֣֪ûУѾֲܵľ۴ңʮУֹ
ҶЦָһһĨɫλƵķɳԽɿǰϢ˻ġ
ɫе˲䣻·оȫԼУһȥµĻã
ɫ磬Լе˲䣬ʱԼ֮У֫ٺ֮ڣ֮ɫѸٽԼȫµоȫһ顣
ԼܷɶܴΪص꣬ͬǸɺԵĺӴעһ
ȻģһĨʪ⡣
ȻֻһĨʪ⣬ȴѾû𶯣Щϲ


253 շɽ
ڳߺ췴֮Լ绯ΪһƬ߾ӣΪɣŵôһΪˣ޸۷֮ʱķɡ
ڣʱ˿̣Ȼ濴˻ָϣ
ҶЦָ²Уԭܹһָ
һɫ羹Ȼ˹ųƾȾǧߺ쳾ҲΪ仯⣿
ҶЦ˼һƬӹԻµΪ裬Ŵ˼ʿԸоó˰ɡܽߺ쳾ķɣⲢԡ
ͷȷܹߺ쳾֮ܣ뱾ڴˣ˾֮ܡֻǣҶֶȴҲһһϦܹɵ飬ղǵɫ磬ҶԣֻҲļ࣬۲ưɣ
ǴмңղҶЦԹĳ죬ȻӲȥǽ߾ȫҶЦΪ϶ϲ״̬
ȻһɫӦЧȻͼӰЧǱˮнҶЦϧҲǶڿԽ
㲻֪ҶЦҲ֪
ҶЦ΢Ц춼޷ķɣȫȻһЩ۱׻̫Ϸˣ
ΪȻ
ռĶСͬʱ˷ۡ
޳޵ˣˣ
ղЩռڴ֮һ㲻ϣ˵˼ѣҪŪӦά裬͸֧ĵУûĳˡ
ν߲ᣬ߲ѣߺ쳾ķɣ˶ȷʵ޽֢Ƕӵ޾ռ䡢ٵҶЦԣʲôòã
ˣ㻹ܸܲ޳ܣһˣ
ʵ֤ȻǿԵġ
ͷʵֶ֤Σ֮ǰѡѡ㣬ҪҸʲôۣ
ҶЦΣҲˣҾͰѻ˵ڵ棬ҪղôһҵļˣҪʱָܻԪȻڵΪ˵ԺǹͻƵĻܹӿ졭
ԣҪ׽Ҫһ𡭡ţͬһʱ䡣
ҶЦһҺҲ˵˵ﻰĴ߷ҵߣҵ;δؾͺ˭أ
ռеĶСԣСԡ
ˣȻû޵̶ȣ治ģ
һõĹһøһŵߡʹΪЧ
ҶЦҪͶЧȻǿ֮ӣȻܿҲûΪѡԵҽѣ˴˻ҲӦ֮⡣
ҶЦȻܸںûޣȺյ黹Ǹɲģ߶ҶЦ˵˻ͶЧȻ࣬ȴ˴ζ֮дۿۣȽڻͶЧܹõһŵѾǿԽܵķ
⻨˼Ƭ֮ȴһҶЦ֮ľҸߣΪЧ
ҶЦȻû뵽еô˳
׼һ˵ʣ׼˵ҵǰĽ׶ĿĳɹͽֹһŵѣѾǳɹˡ
ȻڼλĵһۣڶС£֪˻ߺ쳾ɵ֮ҶЦѾҪշλ
һᣡ
ΪԼľһ䶥ֵᣡ
ʲôˣʵʵĵǿߣҶЦ˵ģ
ԭΪԼҪϵ飬˵ÿڸ˵컨׹һϣ˵һŵʲôģĽʹϵѾˡ
ڸĹϵҶЦԼĴѵƣһ԰ĳҵ˫İĿĳֺ⣡
һ£ʵһ£ôŸտһͷ͡
ʹ죬֪ΪʲôеĹΪۣƳֻ»᳤úܡҶЦʵ
ԭкܶࡣȣҪȥõĻȥΡҪסҵշߺ쳾Ѿµʣ¶һľ֮⣺ҲҵǰеһԸɡѾ̫̫ãûлؼˡ
УǷԵľǹɿ̹ǵ˼һŵĶͻȻһᡣ
ҵзɣ״̬ÿ£ֱ룬˵ƣȡתӲдҵļˡֻҪһ𣬾ͻᱻַɵѾ²
ҵЦһǰ֪֮״ݣѡ˲Ƕ𡭡Ҳ֪ʱգˡ
ҶҴȥתôŹҶǰΪǳһ£ܹߺ쳾ͼӰЧȴһ£ȻһεƳΣѾʹ𲽰ҶԣѾĪˣ
ѩ׵·ڷƮһƳ̾Ϣкܻ㲻
к
ҶЦĬãˡҿֵ֤ľԲڣԸһԵó
΢΢һЦ֪ѡһѣһ¡ѡΪЧΪʲô
ҶЦʶķʵΪʲô
̧ͷ۾ԶΪҲҶġ
ҶЦһγĬ
һϣϣϣĿ󻯣վббȻǿ绨ȶǿҲҶģ
ԹżΨһ˳ϲң

ҶЦŻȻȹ룬һֱȥǧ֮⣬ΪΨһۿЦ뻨һսԹߵĶǸоһ̫ʵͬһĻĵ
˲ƽ˾룬ҡշ˻һλǿߣ
̶ܴϻλǿͶЧģ
⡭᲻̫Ϸһأ
ô
һ·ϼһšһԼĴȣʹֶȷϵǰʵԡ
⣬һĲ˼һʲôΪԼʲôΪ
ųƻ֮Ϊ˼ҿƿνʵ飬Լأ޽ԵشЩͷöЩ裬ȻҲͷΡ

νûбȽϾû˺Լӵжߵʸôʲôʸ뻨ô
ǻ뷨һ·϶нġ
ҶЦܿͲ˶˼ת䲻ɵҲоȤɴͣ½ŲָŶԻ֣ͬеλҲһλţ֮
Ŀ˶һۣʾ⡣ȻóλΪҲʥһƷˮ׼ֿԹܴķ롣
ں쳾죬ʸԼ֮ƵĴڣȿǰλʲôѵʲô˶ԳԼĳĳ֮ˣ᲻̫Ϸһ㣿
Եʱͨ죬۾ǻֵ̿ĵνƣֻһЩʶǳ֮Ҵţ΢ĩУθҳǰ
ҶЦҡҡͷνҵרνԷƱԼԼרδ⹼Ŭڻ߹ʸΪ߲ʸ񣬵һɾͶߵĺ;ͷûУ㻹ھ͸ɣ֮뷨վһΪĶ
ûʲôǲܵġ
ҶЦֻ㡭Ҳ룬ȥȥ
Ǻ죬ֻоͷ̵һȻ̲ס٣˵ͷȣһﶯģҲᱣסҵĶţԼܹԵϣͷ
ҶЦͷһ츳ӾʮŷŬζųɹһ츳ӵУ߾ǿܹŬֵز֮ǰǲ嶾ȷȫڻͨˣһʱң⼸ᶾص䣡Ķ֮·æҰﲻϣ㺻ʵǿԵģ
鼤ĪͻȻĳһԸΪ˸Ϳأ
ҶЦãͷ
һֱڣһֱ˶׹˳ԼʱȴǲԸ¶Լʵ
ϣ״ʲôأ

˾֮󣬱ɽˡָԶһƬŨֲָ֣ĵؽ硣
˵ɽһյأΪӽɽķΪ㣬ɽÿһƬΣо綾һͬɱ
ǧԼΪףԶʱıܶʹ⣬ȣû˵֪ɽжôһȱȫλֵĵط㷽мõˣҲȷԼʧΣɽϣȻûڴǱޣȴв֪ײһս²⣡أһһĴߣҲұ֤Լһܹ֧ŵͨɽѰʿȴǾѳеģ
ԣ޽ߵĹɽʮأɽСΪɽ˸ǰľأ롣
ҶЦԲһ㶣ɽնˣ޷ͨ
΢΢һЦҡͷһҶĿӣҸղֻ˵ǴдɽѳУȴû˵޷ͨʵϣҪҪɽǿߣѡշɶɣȻɽϿҲж֮·Ҫ࣬ԶԸ߽Ӱ죬ްҰ̫ͨѣֻ֮ҪͼͽͨɽȴҲ̫ѵ飡
һٲŵȴ֪˴Ҫ
ҶЦɫһĿһ˾Ƿɹȥ
һߵĶ֮²ҶЦ


254 
ȻҶЦ֮ǰ޼ɵо죻ڻĽ֮УɽȻնǳնĸԭɽֶΣΣһ˻Ǿ߶ԣȷʵԽǵʲôˣ򶾲ֵĴڣ߻һж֮ƵԼΣʵڲʲô
֮ǰ˵ʱΣճ̶ȼǵͬ򣬾˻ѡΥأǰΣҪܶ᣿
ƺ˵費˵أ
ȻҶЦѡҲʾ⣺˻ɽΣУɽѰȷʵͬǴҵȣȴһ£ɽڣҹ۲ɽ꣬Ҷ˵һ䣬ɽ˶⣬νɱʵҲֻǼͷ綾޻޳ưԣᵱʲô۷Ǳء
ǵʵȫ¾ĶĹ۲죬ɽ棬Ȼĳ綾֪ԣҲ֮⣬˼ʣȱߵıȡ֮δϧ˵Ĺ죬һжĿǣɽڴ˶ԣȫȻͨ;Ϳԣ
µ˵һͨȻΪԼһͨɽΣչȷŴ˵ҶЦֱɽȡߴɽб
ǻҪɹȥҶЦüĿ֮䣬еǣȻҪģһ·ҪԭΪҵֵܣҵļǰѰңһٶȾסֻҪõҵϢһϹ
ǲΣȴҵֵܺͼҲ¡
ЩǴԻس֮ʱȡ
һ𣬻Ϊɽգȴҵıź
Ϊ֮ݣԣϣȻˣ²˳٣ɹȥ
ıģΪ˼԰µĹˣίʵǡܡܹҶЦ飬ȻϾ屦֮ǰܹΥ˺ѾףǴǱˣʼǣ

˸ڿն𣬽ڽϼڡ
ɣ
ɣ
ǧɣ
ǧɣ
ѾоԼ٣ǰǴɽŨŨΣûκεļļƺɽȻ֮⣡
ǧɸ߿֮ϣХͬһУϼӹ
ĻΧҶЦ뻨ԲΪΪֻʥһƷĶȴǽδȻ֣ס˶ļͷɲǼ䣬ٶȣȻһ
¶мɫβ֪Χ״̬µԼǸ׸˼ʵõԮ֣ȴһݲС飡
ڻֻǾ֮ͣȴܲļ䣬һԸģԼɾͣҪر飡
һ·ɸ߿֮ϣ⻷Żָε֮ɫ
Բ飬ɽ֮¶Ȼм֮ıҶЦ·ۿԺɽɱʥߵǿ磬ȻȫɽΣȴҲ̲סһ
ֻȴֳɽ廹Ҫɺ״Ϊʲô
ʲô
ҺųƻϲǧǧΪ飬ණҲĺܺ棬澿ʲôɽ¶˼֮ɫ
λĶüͷ
ΪԶԶ绨ҶЦһ£˵ض﷽֪ʶȽֻ¾͵÷ˣɽ֮£ڼʱӴһƵĹżйƵļأ˼ʾʱʱʵ̫ãһʱ֮ȴ벻ʲôġ
֮ǰ綨ھ̾ɽ֮࣬ȴǲԥڵͷ߻Ĵ£ӭ磬ɽɹȥ
Ȼ˷ɵɽϷλõʱȻʶ
棬һС
ȻͻأȻεȴҲ£𾪵ȴǡͬʱоԼԴһѣθΪĶǱһѣһҪȥˡ
ͬʱһɳ̵ͻȻɽ֮۱
ȴŨŨΣɵǿϮ
Ϯ֮漱ƺҪһɨ䡣
ҶЦһ
չϼʽɳʼ
˼ʱҸӦԲҪѸ٣ҪͼӰЧϼʽȻļȴзָԣ˿βã
ʵҲ֤ҶЦѡȷԡ
涸Ȼһ춯صĲҽУǷӦƬƬѣмֳһɺɫϸϸҲһ롣
ȴһƬѪ͵䣬Ѫζ˱Ƕ
ѪǴ·λó䣬ζȻϣŨɢεΪۡ
һֵĻлһַסյĶһ˲ʱỨȻҶЦһ˲ȴǺȻĽƻҶЦ֮Уȴ飡
ɢ˻ҶЦ졣
ˣڿȷҶЦеĹ壬Լ֮ϵֽȻȫʵޣ
β֮
ʲôĹ
Գ˷ʵԴͷʲôûгԽ
һֱԽɽǰµҶЦͨ죬һһѪ˻˻ɽʵΪɹۡҲþƷϵʵ
Ʒϣ
ȻĿȥȻҶЦˣ
˼һ£ʵսֻ»ֹڴˣǵؼӳɣ֮㣬ɽδ֪졭ɽܷӳʵֻܹȥʮһһЩ
ҶЦתͷɽⶾãҵЩСڶ˵ܹóǹǵҪﲽͨ·ɽһǼޣܿΡ
ЦһˣòǰҵмУû뵽ⶾﾹȻɽ֮̾ᣬӴһչֳۣܶδɽʱ˺ͽԲһߵĵؽκε룬ȷʵùڼˣɽĴҲжˣȴʼڴɽȡδʶֻΪɽд˶̾ᣬž޹
ҶЦȻȴǻֹˣʱ˺δؾͽڶԷǱߣȣʵ⼸У½ࣻڸߣ״һոһգǹʱʵȻԻָ࡭Σɽľ綾ζ˻Ӧ˵ȴǲֵһᣡһ˵ʱҵʵܴҲѾ볤ˡٴ˵֮ʱͺβǹ¡
оһʶǹʱҵʵѾָ࡭δ֮ʣȻһ𣬳ǵܹˣǿԺﶷһ
ǰǧ̹;ҪơҲ޳״ռݣǱ޽ݵ֮ڡ
ֻҵҲֻ߹һΣʱգϾѾû˵ؾǷʲô仯ȴҲ֪
ҶЦ˵Ƿʲô仯ʲôϵֱӴȥǡ
Ƭؽ类ݣֻǰһڣǴ˴еһ֮ءǸ·ϵᷳ˵ƣۣѡڴšΪڴˣҲ޽ǿΪеڡ
ҲȥѣֵܣˣûоϢǺͨġ
ҶЦʱĿһã


ʵһСĵط˵СǱȽϿŵ˵һСô󣬴־ڱؾ֮·һΣնȥ˸õضľɷԲĿռ䣬ʮݡ
ֻʮȴǷű࣬ҵȫٷջĳԺӡ
ôСĵطȻӦоУ嶾ȫ
Χ
·ڵһʯͷϣһƷƤĺ˶עҶЦ˻ǰ۹øһͷߣһ߽
۹⣬ҶЦİܾ޽ɫ֮ǰܶҪҶЦձҶЦٵĺڵ졣
ҶЦǰȥϸʵʡ
ʮҡ˷ŰۣɭɭػӦҶЦ
ʲô
лʮңʻģһ⣬ʮңղһ⡣ľȻûκζı顣һָָֻԱߵһŵʯͷ
һһʮң۸񹫵ۣͯʱش𣬼Ǵ
һʮң
ֱµһ⣡
Ȼдš۸񹫵ͯۡ
ë
զȥأҲûôݰɣ
ǰᵽǺ쳾ߵȼĻңճͨзϾһöҾ൱ͼĻһ֮ޣǳ˻һҲδܹµ֣ʹڸ߽ϲͨɢޣʮ˸ͬȫң綾мͷʥߣܹӵʮöұ˵ҷ֮ˣʼҪҵ
δܹԼ֪⣬ûǺ˵ôлʮңȻǽҶЦղǾ䡰ʲôҲһ⣡
Щ
ҶЦֻǶʯİ˸ֿһۡ
ʱش𣬼Ǵ
ҶЦָʵдôֱӵݹȥʮҡ
дġȫѹĽӹʮҡ
Ѿþûȷˣڵһⲻ磬ʵĵڶ⻹ôĿ˶Ը⻨ʮ⣬Լһˣ
޵ͬڷôҶЦֵݹʮң
ͬӹ
ȻͼҶЦͷ΢Цһ£ԾûԥҲûֵݹȥʮҡ
еɵۣգգ۵Ĺô͸ȥʮˣҲٰܼһ㣬ʮҰԼҲôҰɣôǮûһ᲻ôѵǮǴô
ҶЦǰ㶼û᲻ãڿ˵޽һϱĲ࣬ȴɽ纣֮ǰӪõѣľң˵ʮңǧʮңҶЦҲǴ£
Ծɶûжһ죬ʮҾʧ
죬û˾
ûС
˼ֱ׵һһʮûˡ
ҶЦ˼һЩٴεݹȥʮңʱ䣬ûΪߵ߾
ûУ
˶ʮңȴֻ˵֣ͬûУ
һߵĶҪȥһ׬Ǯ׬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǰʮңǿʮڵĻҰ
ҶЦٴ˼Ƭ̣ٵݹȥʮҡ
ΣѰǺ˶Щˣ̧ͷҶЦȻһ䣺㻹Ҫʣ
ҶЦʮҵ˹ȥȻҪʡ
˺ˬ£Ǻãʰɡ
ȻҲˬ
ʣ֮УµȥһݣָҿҶЦʵ
һʵͻͻأ֮Ϻ͵վĿƵĿҶЦ
ҶЦЦĹؼֻʮңȴûй涨ݡһϣκơȻҸңҪҵ⡣׽ش𶼿ʡԣȻһ¾ͺá
ŭһתָһľ˵һ
л²Դʽ˵ҶЦٴεݹȥʮҡ
˵ɫÿˣޱ飬Ⱥףֱ̣ӾǺˣȹ׻
ΪҶЦⲻ
֮Уʵǿ˭
߽ʲô֣
ʲôԸƢ
ʲô
˾ΪΣ
ʲô
֮Уڶ˭
ôΪ
֮С
ҶЦһϰٸ⣬ǰǰ󸶳һǧҡ
˼ʣǮĺѾͷ󺹣͸¡


255 ľ
Щ⣬ǲܻش𣬵һΪԼĻشĳЩӰĻԼͬΪ˺档
һ⡣ҶЦһٵݹȥʮҡ
ƤһϣľǱͬԵĽӹ
⵽Ǵ˵ôһⱦ
ҲʡҲʡ
ƫƫܲش𡣺ԼǷ˶ĵˣǮشǿĻǴġ
ⱦԽĵһΡ
ѵŸģ
Ǯ໨꣬£ҪŸĺô
Ⱑʲô⣿
֮УôҶЦЦš
۾գգͻȻЩ񣬲Ŀ˿ҶЦٺһЦ֮еıൽ޷󣡡
ô̫ˣҶЦף̫ллĽˣ

һֱҶЦѾ˺УǺأԵ۾ûعʮöңҲûзŽڴ
Сô⣬ֻһ⣬˵һлл
ɶ˼ʲô̫ˣ
ʱ֮ǰ˵Сȴ޽ǽ֮أǵ߻ӣǲԻһһĴ߲Ϊֹǰӣ˥ˣδܹӦ˵ظ֡޽ʮƳ£ҲֻطԳƵʵ̫ƽ£һǺ쳾ȣһǷҳǣһ
Ҷߵ⣬֪ܲʵôϸ˵Ϊʲô
ΪӦÿԸӦ֮Ҳֻвʮˣӽ޽λõĵطʮԽ˸ڴ˵¡⣬Ѿ˵̫⡣
˵жб֮˵Ȼ飬ʵֺֹкĲƸ߻кĵرȣҲ˵ɥҵΪָʢʱˮ׼ҲδԸϺ򣬾ܹӦǰʮˣ֪Ļ£ʲôδ̡֪
ܹһ仰һԺ塣
ҶЦϳɳ֮ҶĳȫףʵҪĿĵǴ̽Ϣ˳㣬ҲѵôĵķǱν֪֪ˣ²ǺǣܹȻãǲܣҲ޷
ͷ
˲磬첽
ӭģһҾƹݡ
ֻҾƹһ棬͸һڲͬӾй٣ٷƹݶиңߺڵ׽֣ߺڵ֣ҲǺڵ׻֣ԵýΪо۲֮⡣
ȻĿҾƹݣҺȻǰɫģĿջƸѪĴ֡
ľƣ
ĸ֣Ǿƹݵ֣
ȻҶЦټãԾɷЩֹǲֱ̫һأ
оƹݴߵ¶ҲȫѪ֡
飺ҲգҲգһ
䣺ҲãҲã
ȴɷ裬
ľƣҶЦפǰٹһãһöԣþƣ
ͬעĿ⸱ãü֮֮ɫ
ңԼˢİ׵ףӵʮ֮ѪڣżޣѪΪɫ꣬Ϊɫ껯ɫΨʮţѪҺתΪףΪϣɱòʡ
ӵʮڣʵʵʮ۷ޣ಻ǿߡȻƻǱҪɱ֮Ѷ֮߶˵󣡡
ֵȾϣ֮Ѫǲĵ̸ǳֻ㣬Ȼÿһ㣻ܹɰ㣬ɳɾͰ˲ǿǳѴ˽޵ޡ
֮ʱǽɾͰ˲һ֮ңʱ̣նɱԹ죬ѪҺɫͬɱѪɫ㲻䡣ȻĲʵͬǲǿ߼ǲ𾳺ڵˮ׼ײɱĴڣ
֮Ѫ֮Ѫдƹ֣
һ⽭ľơԽĥԽǲ򵥰ҪȽֻҲôúȵġ
ҶЦνڽɼľȻɽȡ
վǰĹѾ̣Ǿƹݺڶ棬ٲȻûκηӦ
Ǻڶſڣһʷǰ޵͡׼˶ɣ
ȻҶЦ߽ȥһ̣ȴʱ֪Լˡ
⡰ƹݡڲȻһĿռ䡣
һ̤֮һ̣ǰĿǹһ㡣
ϸ֮£ȴͷȫҹ顣
ÿһҹҲڴС
濴಻ʮɷԲССƹݣвŷ֣ǲ°ɷԲľ޴ռ䣡˿̣治ںȾƵĿˡ
ÿһ˶ڸ̸ۣȻȴǾԴ˶
˴֮䣬š
˾ߵһſǰ£͹ˣ֪Ҫʲô
꣬Ŀʣһһ׼ͬ̿飬ȻܹϸѵһϮ£͸ŸɾһøС
էĵطȴĸɾһȾ˵ǶԱǿӾ
ҶЦù֪꣬ɫΪΣò˵
һùһݲ˵ȴǲ˵ʵͨѩףдŹּ൹ʲô֮ϲ½
͹٣һβ˵ʮҡ
ҶЦȻ˵ҲҪǮ
ǵģС˵һƷ͹ٿ֮ݲ˵Ͳٸڶ˹Ŀݲ˵մã͹ٿԽ֮ߣҲ£ΪСһݼѡµĻҪ֧ʮöҡ
Ȼ͹ҪԼһЩѡ֧һǧңǽϣڲ˵д仰ʫһҲ޷
٩٩̸
ҶЦȴЩɵۣⶼʲôʲôһݲ˵ʮöң߻ҪٶʮöңҪǩһڼһǧңⶼʲôأ̫һɣ
ҶЦĿĹˣܣȴǽкܶܶģһЩѾ˺ɴ
еϦˣЩϺɴģ඼СĿˣֻѾȥˡȻȥСҲ᳷ȥϺɴʾء
ϸ͡
ҶЦһ
ҵܹȵزʵڲ֪˵̾Ϊֹ
ԭ֮ҶЦѾ״˽ϴһĳԡ
Ǵ˼ʣȴֶһ˼
뷨ȴǶˣν˹Եˣϸ±ǽƹݣ֤֮࣬һǧҺϧҶЦһЦҽī
겻źۼƲƲ죬ĵһɵ棬ࣿͿꡭ
﹤һɵʵ̫̫ˡ
ƽһܼö
ÿе˶ΪԼǺճĲţһܹʷ֡
и̣ȴǰȻֽùī
ҶЦͷպīҳֱӿʼɷ衣
ƸЦ嫺˼ƽָ޽īۣ
ȻдϣЦҶЦڴòͣĳĳĳա
ˡ
Ȼʽʼˡ
ҶЦ£һīҶЦڴ۸ĵһʱЦ֮١˭Ҳ벻֮󣬾һīһ߲ףΪ޽һʢ
˭Ҳ벻ЦԻͲ绰С˵ĴһµΨһһǩī޽򽭺ľƹ֮У
ҶЦɨƽ쳾֮޽ߣͽһݲ˵氲õ۵λáÿÿͬھһĤݡ
Եü޲ĤݣȻ󣬻ޱȹ飬յЦĲˣԭյһݡ
ҶЦīĵһҳȻһˣһ˵ˡ
̽
̽𣡲һݣ
ڶˣԹ
ǶԹأһݣ
ˣɱ
ٵɱҲһݣ
ĵˣ쳾˼䡣
е⾳һݡ
һֱ㵽˶ʮҳҶЦ˸ӵһˣȻҪǲ̫ˡ
ա
Ŀ̫ˣһݣ
ҶЦǰǰĶʮˣ˵һҲҪʮңģֱӸߴŰپʮңһûԾõǧң
ҶЦѰһȻҲΪˡ
к˴䡱
뵽ӦؾۣԼȫ϶к˴䣬һҲһˡ
һôˣûҲüҶЦԴȴǺںܸɴһ֣ϣ
ĺĿˣԱߵİҲΪ֮ࡣ
⡮ľơƹ֮ÿһ˵ļ۸񣬶ǧϡ
Ȼ֮˲ͣûһԵôһӵĳ
ľơƹݴʳͳ԰ͣΪûǸܣϲˡ֮ǰ͵ðѷǮ壬Ȼ̸ʳƣְͣ߼Ҳ˵ͨģ
֮ҶЦһ֮£ʱԼϵˡ


256 طꡢͻ
νġ̽ʵһ˫ɫƮһܲ͵С߳ɫС˽һݳɫ˺ۺϣɲǡ̽ô
ϧҶЦǰѽɫûκο۵ĵط
ġԹ𡱣ҶЦûʺΪ˲è⣬⣬⣬⣬һ
ҶЦΪȡǹӻʲôģתһ룬쳾ƵǣƺûбҪδΣһ㣬òƻȻ͵ңèң͵
ȷʵ˵Ǵ۸ӣԹ塣
ؼǣûȦɵ㣬ʳָ󶯡
ٽġɱȴһӲˣζǵ׻⣻ȴϵɱʵ
쳾˼䣬Ծһӻ⣻̸ζӦоУƫƫӣζ׳ʣǰһƢһ̿øγϣһ١
գȡĵ֮ԣ֮ģģ˵вƷһѾ֮

ǵк˴䣬ȴǺܲܲһЩҶӣһ
ҶЦͻһ߳ԣһƷɫƷԵǽһ˸߲ҡ
һǧ׷ɱ
һ۸
һУ
ҪһӢ֮Ѫ
þƣ˵ĺþƣ
˿⣬⣬һĽС΢ξһ磬һһֱ꣬ǡӢ֮Ѫ֮˲ʱΣ˵Ҳ
˼䡭ƹݵˣһ˲ŰҶЦֺһУ̾һ䡣
ѵá˵˼ȴ߸
˺Ժ֮ʡ
ſһһ֮䣬ȴһ˽
룬һɵһĴȻٶ䣬ȴֺǧɽѩ쮡
ĿȴſһŮӣ٣˫ǣ£һɱɽѩԭһϢ
Ȼ񻣬Ƿݱ䣬ȴȴ
Ȼźɴܹڴ˼ȾƳԷ֮ˣһĿⶾ֮˶ܹɴ֮£һǵƯ
˲ǰһ
ҶЦҲͬǰһ
ֻҶЦǰһεȫε
Ͷֻǿһۣ㼴תͷȥҶЦȴֱĿ֮Уӹһ˿Լ
ǺŮʼ۵ʱ򡭡
ҶЦǱȴȻȲؽǱߵСӣһ˶񲻼į࣬㿴һӲˣԲ꣬ηһΣ
һδôֶΣ˼֮Īвţͻأʱȫ
ǺɴŮȻһȻתͷѭ۾ǲȻ
Ϊ˫ϾҪ֪ǶٰռŮóѣŮǿŭ֮ʣȴ\ŮӾٲȻһЦʢ⣬Ե
˵գȻôõ˹һС˵Ŀ
žžž
һұĵ
˼˭ҲܿóŮΪߵвö֪书ɽʣ񣬸߽಻ƢƲõȥ
ȴ˭Ҳû뵽ǣᱡһٻǼ֮ıɽ˾Ȼô˹ȥ
۾ֱĿһ
ѵ˲òࣿ
Ǽ忴ˣ
ֻǰվǰӭһһ죬ԺåȫȻεȥǣŮӵС֣һôǺƭСĿ˵㣬ˤš
˵۾ԽԽ֮ʣȻ
ʵģֺֻ޻ٵǣסŮӰһС֡
ңŮòƺ˳ӺѶرǣ֣
óԡ
Ҳóԡ

ڲˣŮյȫգ˵ʲôóԣͳʲôȫԥǰҲɲǷ˶ûҩ
Բۡ
棬һ״ӼҪˣͣ°ͲûѾʡ
ҲУ
ʵֺֹ״һˣڳ˻һһڵ۾գ۵ضߣ˶Ǹоƺ̫˰ɡ
Ҳݵ̫˰ɣ
⡭
ӴһӣûţʵڱﲻסԴ󷢵ʱȥҤȴûϵڱء
ѵһжΪƤ̫
ֻ˲Ů˲֮˵飿
۰װ׵ؿ˼һϾȻ̶ʱĵ̸Ц˶оðһĪˮ
Сƾɶô㣿ǸСôӳú˲𰡣
ųţźţ˵˵šǱߵĻòиı䡣
ֻŮ֣˵ʲôŮɴ濴飬۲תȴǧϵӡ
Բۡܲˣͷðײȫˣһ˺һһӵıȥˡһԴһ֪϶ûϱ
ǱɽŮӣȻ
ΥĹ٣Ȼ˲ʱɽСѾߣǧʲôȻ֮£ǧСţҲԸģõϲʵУ
ҶЦʵҲû뵽Ȼż˴Ȼǲʤ֮ϲǰΧ̫࣬ĳѾֻѾ˵ҶЦ
Χ˵ʲôʲôȫȻںġ
ҶЦȻӵĲں
ںΡ
ŴѯҶЦ֮ʣͻȻ͵̧ͷ
ΪϣȻվһˡ
һοıδ󺺣Ӻһ㣬һҲƵĴƣҪϣдֵ˵ţСӡһӲвʲôҵǱȥǱиõģ
仰ҶЦͻ˾üͷ塣
Ȼ̧֣סֻ֮ƣȻ˫ƽʵɫһ䡣
ֽ̧ǽס˵ƣΪȴҪʤһ࣬ȫֻ֧֣ԼֶҪһϣǴ󺺺ٺһЦиȥĸ֡СӣƾλЩʵɲǮ㡣
ҶЦȻһˣ˲ʱȾһ˪һ֣
һ仰һ֣ͬӱ˳
Ǵ󺺵ɫʱСôʶ̧٣Сƨҷһһ㵣ûУһǹͷпõĻɫ˿ɲܹ⿴ӹʵģֳ㻹õۣǵҴүģ㲻пõүȰһ䣬ǾʹٷʼȥþۺɢҲ
Ǵ󺺻ζԽ˵Խ¶ǣû˵꣬ȴžһ죬һİǴϣǴ߿ʱŸͷˤ˳ȥ
ȴҲ̲סһ˹ȥ
ʲôһԼǰ˵˵ڮ٣
һ֣ҶЦȴǴ⣬о棬ֻӦ˵Ǿϲϲ⡣
ΪһƣٶȣΪʱȵȣ޲ǡôԸַɣ
Ҫ˵֮˱ͱȺ쳾֮˸עзܹдһҲ飬ɵǣǿ󺺾ڸոѹʥһƷĶһΪΪɹۣǹƾɾз׼ȷģ൱ΪʤΣ
֮ıΪΣҲøǴ󺺳ƽ
ղžˣҶЦſˣǺ˹ϵΪ˼ʶϸ֮£ʱһΪΪȻѾʥƷ
ҶЦߣʵǡΪòеߵˣ
Լпռ֣ĵرмĻԵ˼̳УټϱΪ㣬ֶβΪֹǰʥƷ
Ϊʲôܹô죿
ոշǻᣬԼʵδ֮ڣԪƷҲԪƷһһʱԽ˽ʮλ
⡭
Ǻεȵܿɹ󣬼ֱǷ˼ô붼޷⡢޷顣
ҶЦǰ֪ʶ֪Ծ󵽵ʲôܹ˹ٶ컯ҲҪһ̵ĺòá
ôģ
Ǵ󺺱һȵðǣɳȥʮɿռ䣬ֱײһϣȥƣӵĳ˵޸ûн£ѵѵĳСʱҲڵĺվ
һһһ֮䣬ռ֮УէһƬҷǽȻΧ
ǧ죬Ѥ֮ǡ
ϸ˵ǽܸߣҲͰ˸ߵ͡
էֵĻǽȴһ壬һ̬ȡ
ҶЦϵЦţֱʾ䲻õģǼǵġȻ˽ǰ⡣
ǽȻ٣һ룬ЩмʶģѾ֪˶˭ɲǼ䶼ɫһ䡣

Զһһվ𾪵ʧ˳
껨ݺ£֮ٻʢȻѾ겻ĽڻĴ˵ȴԾɴڣԾ˿ڣ
һߣĺ쳾꣬⻹ʶñҼţ˾ñط꣬ϲ£Ծɲϣ˴˺顣
һɨ֮Ρ
еĵʱȻֲǱɽһĳﾹȻô׾͹ȥˣԭǾñطСڣ͹ֲˡ
ȻȽϻǰ£һ仰ȴ
Ҽϣ
ʲôˣǵݺ޵еĴ棬ڸǴ˵еĴڣôʲôܹһأ


257 ŵ
˵һоԼĶ⣬ô˵ԼĶûĻô˵쳾ֽһλǿߣ
Ͼ巽Ҳûܽ£
ڴʱһЦͻأ
Ҳ˭ҵˣһҪ˵ҲҪ˵ҪСӺˡٺ١㻨ڣҲҪˣ
ɭɭ֮⣬ӴһĪаζ
һȻڴС
һɫ֮£ò𺣬һ˫۾ܹ鰸һаԵζ˼ʿ񣬸Ǻ޲Ҫһڿ¶ȥһС
ɫ
ɫȻһ䡣
˱˫֣ʩʩȻ˽벻ﾹȻ˹ˡǹˣǰȴҲûʲôӿɽ
СӣԼҪץ˵ĿָʹһжѾ֮еơ
̤ǰһɫ겻㻹⸱ԣ֪ƢԣҲ֪ҵΪˣҪԸ˵ñֻüˡ
ǸΪɫЦһȷʵָ£߻ʤ֣ʱա´˳ʵԶԶңղûֱӳ֣չ˵ӣȻսǾսɣձӦ㣬ӦСӣҲ޷
ͫ׶Ȼĵܹڵͬʮ֮¹ȥҲһһأ
֮ΪɫˣȻ뻨ʮ֮еĹ
ޣɫԵ겢֮ϰ֮߳ΪɫȻΪȷʵ߳ٹأѵмܹκε
ɫԵԽԽѰСӡҪƲԳԷŶԹԾͷɿŹСˣҲһ档
溬ɷһԣҿԷƵ˭
ҶЦЦЦ̧ͷһ
ܹû˼ɵȻǵһĶǿߡ
ʵӸղŵĶԻ˴ݣһɫһͬʮ֮ˣ˵˭
˭ҲνһôʶȤĻôҶЦͻڵһʱƿһųƣһʱ佫һ
ʮ۽֮ôҲȡһ˲ͣͣһ˲ͣΣ㹻ӳһצˣʲôһצŪǶģֱ꾡ɣٲ
һˣˣȻᶯҳֲססǣǳһս£
ҶЦһؿ˻һۣȷҪˣ
ҶЦ֮ǰȻ˵˻ԼһߣҶԷ׿ڳŵΪԼ£һλߣҶЦȫģ
ϾԷʵԼߵ̫ࡣ
еǰ״ҶЦĳŵ־͸ϣȴէ궥ǿߣһܾǻ߾Ȫﻹʲôϣԣ˼ҶЦȥҶЦвǷȴܹܵġ
˿ΣȻȻľίʵҶЦҲе⡣
ɬһЦȻֱ˿ԾɷĸԸΪ£ȻԼҲΪ֮ҪߵеһҪ̫ʱĥϡµͷҷ֣ҪΥԼĳŵĺѡ
ҴӦˣ£Ҫµıݡ
֮䣬ں쳾֮УΪΪĵߡ
ĵߣҴ
΢Цһ£ǵ³϶߰ɡǼһԲ飬֮ʵڲ֮䣬ʤһʱûд˼󲽵ĽաίʵĶˡʹȫԸƴһܹסʱѾǼޡ
һܰȡʱʱ䣬һҪɽȷȫ
˱۾תתΪȻͷҲص˵Ծ˵ǻۣҺ޼ֵİװȥ
ҶЦͷȻһ
ŻȻȻĲҶЦܹһֱҵ󣬾֮λȻһϯ
ҶЦһΣԼŵ
һȫԼŵ
λãλڻ֮ϵĳ׿ҪҶЦûɿڡ
´˿̣ȴԻǰ˳ŵ
ΪҶЦΪֵã
һһӳŵˡ
һŵǧ
ڣ
ڻ֪Ӳ˽ҶЦһʲôĳŵ
ֻ֪˿̶ϹԼѾӣ̸δ
һսȴֲòսܲս϶ϲ
ⲻòΪһսһΪ˻֣ΪԼĳŵԼļ֣Լ˵ĵߣ
Ҿ֪ɵӲսܣ֣δģơ˿ĴЦһǰ
Ȼƴһ
һ棬ҶЦҲѾ
һƹݶᱻ۽߳ȫΧǣƹȡһսֵһ̳֣Ҳλ˫Ŀʧ
ҶЦѾǱɵĽ֮ˡ
ȻԾԾԣ˲佫ٵ̡֮
һȻ𣺡ôͷôĵӣȻҵľƹ֮жַ˵ĺõõ
˵Ӱէ֣һӰջûһسھƹС
ҳֵλãȻڻ֮䡣
ڳΪߵֵţȫ䱸֮ʣȴûз֣Ǵġ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ָԭЦԭƹ¶棬˼ֻڴһС£ڻŴ˼̫ƹˣ׺ƵҪԣǧĪҪǿͷ
˻ҡͷνǲǿͷľƣֵܵľƣɱˣҵУҲö֣һҲûκ˸ڽľƶ֣һþӲκﶯ֣
ĿĻЦǱҪﶯ֣ƹִأǿͷҪЩģ
̾ϢϷѾ̫̫ûпɱ䣬ȰĪҪңҲã
ʱŭͷ𣬶򵨱ں쳾޼ɣǵһμôӲľƹƹģᵹҪ̸
̬Ȼˣɡ
Ծһ֮ǰƽͣ䣬˱ѳ֡
ֻ̧һֻƣҲûд
ôȫκơɱԵȻԣ
״Цһ˫һȴѴйٱʡ
Ǿ֮δ˼ʤǰܣƹļȻҳͷ棬̣һƿɱԣԾɲҵйٱʣ׼ǿ״̬ӭսǹɵĽϰߣԽԽСģܻøã
ȻӴԼֱһ̣ͻȻֳ֮ɫ
ΪͻȻ֣Լȫ¾ȻһҲܶˡ
߾ֻ֣ƽƽ棬ʵȴǽأȫУʹΪ֮䣬ΪƿأһҲܶ
˫ֱйٱʾƣʵȴŲһ˿Ҳܣ
ƺܻܲ˼飬ʵˣǲܶˣ
ôܣ׶ľо£ĵɫƺҪ˵ʲôȴһҲ˵촽ͷ˼ʾȻܶ
档
ҶЦͬʱɫ䡣
˿һĻʶ໥һۣܿԷ۾֮е˼
õһ֣ǡ
۷ؼ֮һ
ҶЦܽһʩչͬϣЧʩչ֮ʱ·𣬿صһ֮䣬ȻЧܴﵽЧΪҶЦͬߣûвģ

ҶЦ쳾ΪΣΪ֮ʱóȻϱԼ󾳽ߵĸ֣ȴֲмͬĸֶΪͬһ󾳽ߣΪߵȫһ۾ʵʤ֮䣬ҶЦԼġһֱһɻȴ˼⣬ս֮񹦵
ǸͲ񹦵£۷ؼ֮һһذ¡΢΢֮츳塢ʽвͬ
Ե΢ڱУϤֶһвУ
纮ѩ΢ͬǶϤֶȴһйΪҪԴΪԵȾͲܣ
ӦѩŮŮĹ嶼ǱԣȻ΢ıʽвͬѩ磬ԭǱϽ˫֮Ա죬Լ֮Ϊʤ
Ӧ΢֮£ȣŶֹơ
е񹦹죬֣֮죡
ҶЦ΢֮ΪΪܲ˿֮ĩϤ۲֮˵ǿȱڣǿ΢֮
΢֮󣬱
û뵽쳾죬ҶЦһοԶԶĳ֮⣡
ڹĿ֮Уֻֻ¡


258 
սڽС
ҶЦ˼ȴڷ׷ɡ
գɨҳǵط˳ҶЦʱеĪϤоǷӦãֻЩ˵ֲ̫ڣֻƵһ˲Ȼһ˲֮ѾǷãʵڲֵһᣡ
Ǵ˼ʣó֮УȻҪҶЦܷӵ֮˲֪ٱȫĶǿߣϸ΢İ
ҶЦ֮̾࣬ȴɻԴԼٺ쳾ٲˣǰ֮⣬ûκ֮ͨУļҲ࣬ôشµʲôΪ磬ںδأ
ҶЦ֮ת֮䣬ȴ˼Ϊ֣ʩչʱƺһЩͬ
֮ʩУƺûеΪֻһӵȻ״̬ͳˡһ㣬ҶЦȴǰ˼⣡
ַţʵΥԼա֮еĸԭòã
ϧҶЦ۽硰̫ߡ֮⣬˾ĿĿ֮¡
˵Ŀƻ£ƺֻҪȥϼͷĳһᡣ
ֻ־ͷ­߾ʱ򣬹ͻȻ鴤һ£漴һ㵹ȥ
ţǵõݲ׵
ӦǡƺͻȻ䱻ȫǼܣ֧ŵأһϡϡõͣϵ£ȥ̱ڵء
̱ڵһ˲ĿҲֲΪһ̯࣬ȴһѪˮҲû
ʮ֮һĹһ۷֣Ȼôرɱˣ
ֹǹ߾һ˲䣬ͬһڴ˵ʮ£Ҳͬһʱίڵأ⣬ȫһ̯̯ࡣ
֮䣬նɱ۷֣
ǺεΪ̾Ϊֹħ壡
̾һͻȻȵ˺ѷΣðβǿõ㣬԰׵ϣֳһĨ죬һ죬һְ˰ڡ
ᳵ·Ź߹ϼ̯Ϥʰֿŵ˳ȥ˴пȥЩ⣬ȫ˾ƹݲԶһڡ
һɫǹɽ
֮˵ǹɽΪɫ˵Ĳʬȫ޶¡
ֱͺһ̯̯ѪˣôһŹֵͻ
ͻȻŻһ
ǲһĻ˭Ҳע⣬Ӳõ棬ѾݵһɽһĴڣʵ򡭡ȫź
һ㣬ǵǶ˵Ѫ⣬ܶѵôһɽ£
ȹ˵ĳʵٿ˵߹鴦˭Ҳòˣǲɺã
תԴңǸȻʵǲ˼ʵ̫δףʹĳЩ˽ĹձȴǴλ͹ǵˣò͡Ѿˡ
˵꣬ȻЦЦ
ɫɷףֻٴȥԸ⣬ۼʳ
ʵкֹڳһһûǸĻߣٳһ㣬ٺһ㣬ڽͶԣò͵ʱֱʣˣʹǼҳ㷹Ҳ࣬Ӿ·ǽ˵Ĵɡ
ڡ
˻߿Բ⣬˶Աòͣǿ̫Ҫˣ
û˭θˣ
ԭֱӵ˸תΪĻҲû뵽תۡԼѾ׼ó֣׼׼øˣͻȻأ
һֱŵģĵ׶֪ңǸʲôˡ
ֻҶЦ˳Ϊ֮еľֶ¶󣬴˺ҲûжɫԺ֮еָȻҲû´
δÿռѾǼϵĶСӥСԣʮ۽߶ǿԽһӡ
ҶЦŵɱԿɹۣҲܸشдҲԲƣĲ˵ʮ۽ֹ۵ĹƣҲһ룬ϾǶһҪʤĶǿߣĴۻǱҪģ
˼оƹϰ֣߳ҶЦз̵ĵҪʾл
Ǻһ㣬ȴţסԼͣŲƶҶЦĿעУȻߵǰ
ȴ˵̣ڴ˴αδܼʱţλ൱ķţСǳǸԡ»᷵˴ò͵зã⣬ֻҪ˻ںһգôпʲôС긺򵥡
仰һȫ𾪡
ڳ˾ΪĽ֣Ӧÿ˶ио˻ɱһ̣С֮ԭǵ֮ЧѾ
ڴҶܹ˼ÿ˵ÿһ仰ÿ˷κһһһˮϸ΢졣
Ϊڴˣ֮ԣ𾪵Ըӣ
ȣ˭Ҳ֪ҶЦǸɫŮԼĳ׻ܹվȫƹĹͣæǿֹ⳥Ȼ⳥ݳ㣬ҪҪôأ
ΣҲ˼𾪣ԼĽǺ޵Դͷ
Ҫ֪Ļνֲղһȫų̂ʵĳĳʥߣȫһƹһ˵Ĳˣѿɼһߣ
䣬ﲻֻóԺȣסޣбĿ
ں쳾ҵʽȫӦоУ
ؼĻڣѣԶҪȥǧ򱶣
硭磬ҩ磬ҩ硭ȵȡ
Щһ߱ѵһĶˡ
Щȫζſֲֻ
˵ֻ̫࣬һ£ҶЦȥμһֻһɽ۸Ϳңʮҳȥ
οбģ
ߵĳŵһʱڵ͸֧
ôĳŵ
ƾʲô
Ľʺ޵Ŀע֮£ҶЦĿⲻЦ̫ˣʵ̫ˡ򲻸գӲա
һͰôͲңξͲܣӦ֮⣬СǸ⣬ƴǲǡ
ҶЦȻˣ˺ηҲ˵ס£ⲻǸɣǻгǸ֮ĻƾҸ⣬ֻ»Щ
ĿһȷʵǲЩҶȻ棬˵ܲ˿֮ĩ
ҶЦЦȻҲ֪Լмֵȴ˵˵
߿Ц֮ݰ٣Сܲ߳д
֮
仰һľơƹ֮д˼ڵ߰ʮһݣԼͬﰵġŶһ
ԭࡣ
ԭ꣬λνҶǴ˵֮Уӵרα֮˵Ĳҽ֮
ͬʱǡľˣ
ףԭеĽǺޣȫǿѹȥʵʵĲˡڽߣԸģˡ
еĵһˣȻǳǿߣȭͷǵĽɷΧ֮£һˣôԼʹû˱֤Ҳûˡ
ڵڶˣǴҸӲԸģҲҶЦ֣μ飬ѾõϿɵҽʦҩʦ
Ϊ˿ʱ򣬽أ
ֻҪˣ͵Ƕһü
ֹԼµ˶õ
֮ȻǾ֮꣬κõˣ
ҵڶʵڲ࣬ý֮ǰ쳾ֻλ
һµĵһ˹ϵҩ
λھͬʱԾʧֵļ¼ҲоȲֱ˲Ȼý֮ҽҩʷдΪҽԳȻȴδʧֵģ
ܶصˣ棬ǼȬ
ˣֻҪ㻹ƴ
Ѿ˶ֻҪˡ
궼Ѿ飬ֻҪ֣㻹ָܻ
ɹģͬʱҲ˼飬ŵǣҽ߲߻ߣк֢֮˵ΪҲָܻҲָܻҲָܻ֮ȫָѪ
˱ʮ
Ĳҽ
ǿƹǸˣ
ˣ˭ҵ
˼һ˾Ȼλ˵еĲҽʱкܶ޺ղŹʱΪʲôû·ƽһͦεأ
ʱͦˣǴ򲻹Էã⽭ľ֮Уȴ谡
ǿһҪκδ۾ܹ֮Ļᰡ
ǿһƾվԼĴûᰡ
ô׵Ĵ˰
öºڵóӶˡ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦȻĿ棬Ȼһ۾ͿµݡţȻˣǸ漲֮ˣֻߡʲô
µЩΪѵɨһܣЦһҶܷһ˵
ҶЦͷȻûģ
˵һãҶЦͬʱоǰһһֶתƵѣоȻ
˻عʱȴѾһռ
˼һʮְҡ
ĿռȻ󣬵Ҳݶʮͬʱ£ӵ
ھͰһӣӣпտĸо

ҶЦһھ˸ղŵĿռת֮иȷһЩ顣


259 
µԭѾкתĿͻȻøˣҵĿ˺һᣬڻعȥȻмӡ
ɻ󲻽⣬ͨΪػԵ
ͨΪµϵʱ¶һĨЦЦȻһּΪҵζ
ҶЦŽյ֮ԻԮʵΪ԰ɣ
ٿЦһͷҪ˵ʲôûüڣȴ̾һ
˿ͻжٶһٲŵȻλҶѣ֮ҲͲܻˡ
ҶЦͷȷʵܻ䣬⼸λ֮ˣ˼֮£֪
ȻóλӦֻҶЦ˵ԼĲ飬ԲһԥȴҶЦĲ죬Բû˵ڡ
ҶЦһ仰ֱӽ̽׷ˡ
ͷҶЦߣСֽ߬ҶЦ֣оһƬۡǧ࣬Ϊľһ̣ܹߡ
ط꣬һ࣬ۡ
̧ͷҶЦһۣһ۵Ȼ⡣
ڶȴһļ
Լˣ
֮ˣ
Ǿ˶ҵϿɣνߵİ
ͷһɻλһλΪͨ죬ǿ֮еĳǿߣ޳ǿߵķɣһֽС΢ĸо
ʵڸǿ߹ҲϹ
ҶЦϸµƬ̣ü˼һ£ڵʵմ
µңռƣıļƣֽı
ҶЦǳ˳飬ֳ˳顣
ռƣıļƣֽı
ôôġ
ֽܣҲñˡ
զֱ˵мııļƣıޣııأǶ簡
ƵȻѾѻǾˡֱˡҶЦĿԣǲɣ
ıĿһ鴫ȷǲǲ
ֹǲ˰ɣҶЦü
Ҷ˷棬һ㲻ˣ
ҶЦͷ˼˵״ʵɿѭһο¼ӾΪֻɱڶμӾΪ㽫ƶ˼䣬Ϊһ̶ȵĶ帺ɼӾ磬˾ҵĿ£
ıͷʢ֮¹Ȼʿжϵ˿˿ۣް
ҶЦҡҡͷղжϣǸȥҽ߾жϳ㲻ʲôһҪ̹𡭡ղɱķšǷ񲢷ǹҲ书Ҳǣ
ҶЦһжͻأͻ
ȻΪǿ߻ȴȫףΪףȴָӵѽޡ
ҶЦ˵Ĺָĳһ񹦣书ֱָӹģǽΰ
ΪЩ壬ףȻϼַţôɱȳ۷ǿߣڻ֪Уȴ⼸ַţòֶο
ı۾ȴǣ
ҶЦͷǰ첻˵òŵֲǷŴ汲У㱾ҲУҲͬУ
ˣı׶Գɫ͵վҶҽ֮Ȼ鴫ҶĳҲҽߣҲնϤĳĲҶһ㣬ʲѯ֪֮ģȴֻһˣĳݷ
ҶЦͷȷʲôҽֶθʤ˵˭˭ͣȻֵĲ״мѭһ˵ԭίϸԽϸԽá
ı̾Ϣ
֮һݵĵڼĳ岡ʷԶ׷ݵʮ֮ǰʱ巽ۻδǶǸʱĺ쳾죬һеϱ𡣡
ϱ𣡡
ͻȻ𶯣ȻվϱϼƱߣѵ㾹Ϸĺˣ
ı̧ͷ¶һ˿İȻѵʮ֮󣬾Ȼ˼ǵ֣ĳƼ¸л
һƨϣɫɷףȴǱ񼤵ЩѪϳ塣
ҶЦɫ糣ʵ𶯣𺳲ѡ
ǶɫΪǰ߶˾Զƹȫ˽⣬ȻҲ޴𺳣ߣĪ˵ôԶƹʣǵµɫʮȵȣҲδʶ
Ȼݹϵ伮أ꣬ǿߣƽ¡ϻʱۣϻʼųϷ𣻱۲ǳųƱ
ȻΪһĪʣ֮巽ǿֽûʷ֮УΪѰѰ֪ʼǴǵϷԾɱǿ߼䣡
ֻǣ˭Ҳû뵽֣һһĺˡ
꣬Ϊϻʱ۵ʧ٣սǿ߱Ⱥ¹ҶЦȻ֪ͷǵ֪ڴϵĵ伮֮УֻƬίʵʮʱ䣬̫ˡ
ıɫȻ꣬뱱۲ǳһС˫Թǧꡭ
һϼһţΪܹʹ˳ѹ߼ңϼǱ߾Ҳͬһλž޵Ĳǳ
λչ˳˫ˣ׷УҲ˫ԹԽԽ޻Ŀܡ
˫Ҳѵһľţһ֮еı˴˽սȴҲ˴λ棬λ𣡡
գһͳϷǳɨƽ˫޽Ϊ磬׼һսһճ־ȴҲ˵Ψһľս
˵Ŀĺܵ˭ҲöԷϣϧ˭Ҳͺβ˶Է
ƽɫ£˸ԷչԼû˻û뵽չ󣬾ݱΪ쳾ϱ֮
ٽھսǰϦǳͻȻ淢һѶı̾һʱǳ˵˽˶Թ˼ȷʵǵ˸ýʱ򣬼ȥڼǲáϱսһƱؽǣȫǧ߲Уһʧأ쳾춼˻Ϊ촷ۣΪ˽𣬵ⷽػһδ˽
λǳȻֺ룬ҲһλҶЦ̾Ϣ
ҶЦһԳڣ΢΢һ죬ǲǳĸӢۣôܴ˴ĻҵôôӢۺúۣ
ԵͿ̿˾һսѾ۷壬Ҳ۷壬Ҫһ֮Ѿ޷ͻƣڴ˿һ˶ϣ
ǳ˵һս֮սҲ˶ϳ֮սһսһȥΪսᣬҵĳԹҲڴս֮սᡣӦʴԼǳ漴һ飬ͬ޳ɡ
ı˵̾һУ𾴡
һΪΣҶЦ鲻Խʵ
ʱǳ˵һ֮Уȴδõ£Ϊ±ɱǰ׷ͺڷ֮ʹ˵ȻߴֵҸԸԷʮʱ䣬ȥԼĺӣֻһ˴𡣡
ʱ˵ʮ֮һս֮ǰŮͼ޸ĶӣŮͼ޸ҵĶӣǶŮʱͬһӣΪ֮ãԼһǼƲ֮Լһս֮޼Ʋ֮޼Ʋ֮𣡡
ʱǳչЦ˵֮עݣƲ֮ȴҪֹһĿ֮ǰһ׼ҡ
֮ս֮ս
ʱ˵ȻҲ޲ݣԺ󣬳ֹݣ
漴λΪģԻת
ҶЦ˶̲סĿɿڴĿࡣ
û뵽λ۷ǿߣȻľ
ϸϸȴǳһ̾
λǸӢۣؽ󣬾ͼǳ˵ıĶԣǶԸ³ޣȴֲܷ³ޡ
Ϊ˵ĸĸˣֵܽãڶԷС
ֳޣ죡
ΪŮΪֵܣΪҳԹվ˶֮
Ȼ˸ԩԩ౨ڵĿɱԼд棬߻ɿһʱһԼҲˣƱػὫȥֹȥ
Ī罫ԹֹһһѪζĶԹ
ȻҺΪһңҸƽĻȥ
벻ٱصǧĶԹ
ʮ󣬼ϼӣϼŮӣλ֮£Ϊ򸾣λƽһһơ
˵ǳ֮䣬ûмҳ𡭡
ɲɣ˵仰ʱ򣬲Ҳͬʱ˵仰֮䣬ûгޡ
˶ûаѻ˵ֻ꣬һЦͲ˵
ҶЦ̲ס̾һ䣺Ūˣ컯Ūˣûҳޣ˻ֵܣεա˵ûȻĳޣҲδػλϱ𡣡


260 Ц
˰ͷ
仰˵û
Ϊǳĳޣƹ֮˵ļͱӣ޲ŬǿӽһеĽһߵ󣬸԰£׺쳾
ûǿԴ
ֽʲôأ
˿ֺܻܿƽͣȴҲȻλӢۣ
һʱ˵
˼ôìܣ
̾Ϣ
ϲ֮λǳУ޽չսֻ֮ľսı̾Ϣ޽νʵ޽ޱ޼ʣȫûнԵĴ󺣡
Ȼλһս֮޽ʹ˻С
ڵӡ
λΪ£ʵ൱ʼ޷ֳ£ս˰գ˫˫;ƿݣͬھЯֹ߾Ȫ
֮ǰһ˫һԷ޸˵쳾˼䣬Թ𣬲ɱ⡣ǴӴ֮󣬾һ֮ϢٲȾ쳾ڣ쳾죬ֻҪ𲻳ûܹҰ
ϣһϢҲ޴棬λ֮أܻһƬصҰڴˣպĺ򡣡
Ǻ
˽Ϊкܶ໧˼ң޽طĴǶˣһֲֿƽ⣬ȴҲΪڴˣ˸ؽ絷ңⲻ֪ˣһңֻһڣ
˵˾ڳĬң뵱λǰķɣβΪ֮㵹
λղȡİ취ҳԹӵϯµȴѡһһս
Ľ֣ҶЦ˼ȸв⣬ȴָоӦõĽ֡
˿̵ì޷
Яֹ߾ȪĽȴ˶Ϊ֮һ̾
ԭռ䣬λҶЦˡ
ֲãıղŲûзʲôܽʮ֮һĹֱӸɱ
ԭȻˡ
ֱӶĿռܣ
ȻǵŵĶǿߣȽȴǲ̫̫ģֹռ䣬Ȼֻбɸɵķݣڽҡ
˵׾٣Ѵ֮
ô꣬ǼƲҺΪһңں֮ΪЩһ˵رɵһʱȻĹҲΪʲôεǿߣںҰһк쳾Ŷ޹أֻҪǲȥ޸֮ҲҲõġ氲ݵúܡ
ıһҡͷЦǼƲλ潫Ϊڹռ䣬粻ɴݻ٣ڣԶõֻǣ˼ȴһΪȱ
ǼƲҵĺıӻ֮£˼ɣ޾κǿߣɱκ֮ˣÿһʹռеʱ򣬶Ҫܷɡ
ַɣߵ˥ĵΪԽߣַҲԸǿ
ı̾һȻӻﰲȶգǣֻҪַɴڣעһںĲΪҲѽУۻز״ǵﷱܶ⡭
ҶЦͷƲλ湹ռ䣬ֻ»ɱ֮ܣҺ˻ڴ˿ռ˲ƶйռɣֻЩʱͬҪܷɣ̶ֳֻȵķԽԶԶɱȣô
ıͷȷʵˣʵռ˲Ƶķɶ΢תԭ˾֮ˣɼأճɱǿеķɣתߣɸһ֣
ҶЦΣţƹ˿ϲҶĳʢ飬ǼƹҪҵ𣿡
ıͷ̾һǣ浱֮ĽɣǵдؾΪƾȥ˺¶ݣ̴Сնıթ걸ķҲΪƾ⣬ݺ£ǵĹؼҲȻΪ˴ѣǵһ¶Ψǳ˵أȷѪӲƽϲ֡
ҶЦԼΪУĵسһλհԶ֮ʿ粨նȱȫѪвʸ˵㷴ޣǳȥһ󷨱⣬Ȼ˾ͲҪȥһ⽭ϣһκǿҲ˵Լһܣһܾһغ
һ࣬Ҳе̾һ
Ϊͬ˼ңҲΪλ̾ѡ
㷴ɣȻԺǺ£ȴʵʵڵرȫ˺ʮ£
ҪȻǵݡλ𹦷ԭ򣬹ͱƽˣ
ʮ갲ȫ̫ƽ
ǵģƽ밲ԴĽơıڣʮ¹ȥ˵ڷУǵȺҲѾӦάĵز
ؼǣݷµһҲʱޡ
ҶЦʵʲôԣʲôʱޣ
ıûֱ˵ת壬Ŀ۽ǽ֮ϡ
ҶЦ̧ͷȥֻһǽϣֳ仰
ձ쳾ٲƣѪز֣˭ɣʮģЦţƸ󣬲𣡡


261 Ī
⼸仰˼Ϊǳԣ˵ԣ˵ǴʫҶЦȴǿһ亹乶
λˣǡͨ
˵ģǡЦš仰ҶЦԴˣ
Ȼⲻ˵Լȴ˭
ڻͶĹעȴ䣬Ƹ󣬲
仰ʲô˼
˵ЦڷƸ֮󣬻Ϊµ𣿻˵ǷƸ¥ʲôˣΪأ
һ廹ǺȷģǾǡּλλϵ𣬷ΪԼʸɾ
ԣСһ仰
⼸仰ֻǽͣһᣬʧˡ
ҶЦظо⼸仰ٶضʧΪһƵҲǼ仰ʧռﳹ
֪ʲôԵҶЦ̾Ƶʾǿǰĸߣ˵ٺ쳾ۺϣ˼ٳ̾һվȻλµԣҶĳҲӣ֣Ҽһ壬ҲǱ걾ȻλĽγɷƣƲԱǿܻЩ֮صģ
ıϲлˡ

ҶЦһ뿪
ı˾ټͣм֡
ҶЦ飬ƾҶЦڵĵУҪռΪԼռ䷴ɣȷʵδֻǵ滯ƲɶɵĴȴ練ƣж˵Ƴ鵤ˣҶЦһԼƲ鵤鵤Ȼܳռ䷴Ѿڼ̶Ͻ˼ϼʮз֮ʹ
ٱ֮ʣҶЦſʵ֣ȻǼкȹģ֮αػҪɸȥ·շѣ⡭ǷЩòʧأ˵䲻ģҲ˵˶ǼƲᣬʼԴ˴ǲ𣬲һ˳췣Ǵˣǵĸ׿ɾͱ¶ˡ˸ĳ췣ֻҪе˼֮ˣͲ뵽ʲôֵøľػ㡭
ıҶЦϲķۣȴһ㯣βŵշѣʲôշѣ
ҶЦ￩һ֮ǰǳٺǻᣬۼ·շѣһ⣬ʮң⣬ʱشʲ췣ѵ㶼֪
ı㯣⣿һʮң췣⡭ǴӺ˵𣿡
ҶЦżıֻоͷһƬӰڼ
ıԲ˵ѣ
Ʋ˶ҶЦΪȻһ۾ܿװס
˶һɻȻͲ֪շѵ顣
ҶЦתԣϸ˵ǺƲˣֻˣ
ôǸ˭أ
ҶЦԺ׵жϳǸշѣ˾ֹһ죬ǳ¡ǿʯƣݸҹף
ôԵ£Ϊ֮е˾Ȼһ֪
ιŹ֣
СġҶЦ˼Ψ˵ôһ仰
ıԵͷȻԾûҶЦ˵ľʲô˼ȴ֣صشӦ
ҶЦ˽⣬λЦɣȴؽ纣֮ˣ϶ϲ޵ķʸղἰ֮ˣȻǣСɲ£
Ȼ¹ȻС£ȴһҪȴȻܹ˼ʼնҶЦȴֻǶĿţƺǻʲôҪ˵ڵȴʲô
ֱҶЦת߳ıвһ˿ɻ󡢼ɡ
ǡڴ˿̣ҶЦת֮ͻȻʲôת˵λǰĵ¼Ҷĳ塣Ϊıʮƽϲ֣ѼҶĳ޲ţҪΪλǰ¼仰ֲ
ıһ˵
ҶЦһ£ǳɴĪֵˣ
ҶЦλ¼֮Ȼһɸп
ҲǶ˵ף
ӦӢϧĪ֮ȴΪ컯ŪˣòಫһԹĽ֣̾
ҶЦидԵףλڣܹΪֵ֮֮顣
ıʱ𶯣ҶЦٶתУæں裺󲽡
ҶЦɻ󣺡ţ
ıǰӻȡϹӨȻ壬浱һأȻǷ֮Ǹˣ˵Ī仰ǽ͸Ǹˡ


262 ҳԾ
ı۾ǲһָۣ֮˼ƲϵķӰ죬ǿʣȻ˵ǽǷ֮ǸˣֻǾȴʼû˵ԵǾ仰ɣȷ˱ˡ
˼ʾ˵Ǿ仰ô壬£ǵλ棬Ծ˵л񡣡
ҶЦһʱȻȻ벻λԶˣ㲼֮£зʡ
ԭҶЦΪƼ˽Ӱ죬ȴûпƼóл֡Ҫ֪Ϊͨ˽ʹҲҪһģ޶ԡ
ҶЦȷʵǸλ¼޳æҲ⣬˵мı֮ǰԮ֣ҲһԵ
ȴû뵽ĳԼ
ͬʱҲЩȻ
λ𣬾ȻԶղ⼸仰ֻԼиж벻ʮǰѾ뵽ˣ
ֱǿɾɲ
λǰͣҶĳѡҶЦȻӹ塣
鿴ߴͨȴоĺʵ൹Ҳûоʲô쳣
ıٴŴż˻صȥ
ҶЦҲսռ䣬뻨һ˳ȥ
⼸ҶЦԼϼΪмȡܵ츳Ϊϳȡγߺ쳾ɣ񹦲ųƹŽһ񹦣ҲΪĴֲ֮ףֺһһ䣬ߺ쳾ķ֮ڣչϵĺãĿǰѾɹʮ֮˾ŵķɡ
ĽҲζŻʵΪӵ͹ȻָʵΪ߰˳ˮ׼
ֻҪٳŬȥȵȫ֮գҲǻػ۷֮ʱ
֮ǰں֮лԹʱı֣״ҶЦеǣƻȻȫԸġ
һ·ϣ̸̸˵˵ԨѧʶԼ򻨵ʶҲʵҶЦ۽磬ĵر֪ҲǸӵľһ
жʱͷѧϰҶЦļ֮⣻̣Ͼܣ춾صҲֹԽ޵ĻԽ綾˵ɲƾ˵ģʱҲǽࡣ
һ·ദҶЦλҲԽԽ𾴣ҶЦѧʶҶЦػΣ޲һּΪķĵĸо
⣬ӵʮĥĻȻһָоҶЦĳɾͣδؾ͵ڼǳλ
һֺʵʵֱΪָоûȫĵϿԼΪµݣڽ㽡
㽣绨ǰ˼˵󣬸Ǽ֮ѵã
뿪򣬴˺ǧ̫ƽ¡
ҶЦһǸ֮˵Ŀ겻ԼһˣٿŶ뻨ǰߣ̸۵Ȼ졣ԱһҲûʲôӣദԽԽǢԽԽ͡ɶ
ǰߣҶЦҲʱ˵˽
⼸ҹһֱͣΪƼ˻ⷴˣ޸ȱĴͷǶĵҩҶЦԾ۵ò᣻ϾҲǻʥԸǶ֢ʹҩʾԼҽֶΣװƹȻװѤãȴҲԼñط꣬û˵Ļᡣ
Ҫ˵ɶɶɶˡ
ȿȡ
ѾͷҴһѽҶЦӯӯһյ֫ڶ˵еʱӶˡ
ȻҶЦѾףֻҪԱĿߵʱҶЦͱܵؽԼǸ̴Ѿͷʲôϡ
˵ʱȣҲʵǡ̫ңԶˡ
ӵʱһ˵͸ƻһ㣬˵Ҳûӱ֣ɶһѽ
ҶЦٺһЦСѾͷӣϽ˵ΪôôߣΪʲôô죿̾Ϊֹ޾̾
ҶЦһ۵ӵǶҵĽʾȣԿޣһ۾ͿҵΪΣҿһͷˮ̾Ϊֹ޾̾ǷöԹɽֹȫĤݣ
ҶЦһ㶣βŵΪΪȻߣԵɣñԱϸ˵˵Ϊ֮죬֮ߣһǾޱȣ˵ã̾Ϊֹһ˵Եķģ
ҶЦ治ǿķǣȷʵĽеȣҲҪǰΪ˵ĳ̶ȣֻǣĳ̶δ̫һ㡣


263 
ΪĳЩŪĳЩĵرĳЩ湦õĳλǰ˵زأЩĻд˽ˣд˽ԾɻǲҶЦԴ˽Խ࣬Ը˵ΪԽȻʵ̫ˣ
ɷ֮Լ֮ǰԪߣҪСѾЩ֮ˣн򸾣ڷɽɽ򸾣ʥԪߣЩ֮ˣԾֻ𽣲꣬¡֮ʿǿ
ЩˣһҲ֮ˣǣµ֮ʿԼ֮ǰЩʵЩԼͷˣǸԼ֮һΪ޲ͻͽʵʮĽȣͺ쳾н֪Уġ
ҶЦֽ̹£ȻԳԾ޷𰸣Ϊߣ߶ǰͰƳĥΪ꣬츳ߴֶԪ츳ˣǲǧҪʥΣǳ룬ڶ߲εĳûΪף붼룬ߵġЩȽңԶȲҪˣ
ҶЦ˼ȣȴǽ̫࣬޾ռ䡢Ŵռ䡢񵤡񹦡֮ӳɣǰ̶Ȼţȴֲ̫棬ԼΪǳտڱӣ֮ǲмúܡ
˼֮ҶЦ뷨ȣԼһͬһΪԼ֮ˣĵǰΪΣ߲οԣΣҲǼмʶ㣬о͸֮ˣʵϣ֪ԣѩɿȽ֮⣬߶СɶǲģȻܸԼɿĲο
ɫһ죬ǳβŵˣֻǡһֱ˼⡭Դӵٺ쳾ѰйƮƹڴ촫޹֮ǿʵ֮رչȿ١ʼʱѰƮƹϢûһҲ
ҽһ׶ΣҽԪһƷʱΪֵԽ˴λ׵ĵڣҹԵıչȹΪڱչ䣬ΪԪƷʮһ󣬽ԪƷ۷壬һºҵΪͻԪƷ
Ľȣ˵ˣԼе˼ȻԼ߻ħĻþ֮У֮λ׽ܵȫƿԣҶһգȷ״յõĽΨУǰ״õĲٺãϽԭΪ˹̽ԪΪıչأױҳ֮ʱΪʥԪһƷ۷壬ǰʱ߸£
üҵǰΪΣҲ֪࣬˵пܵԭ򡭡Ĺ쳣ڴб񹦣ȴʼҲ⹦ô¡
ԭмϣҶЦʱɵۣɵɵʵ˼ûʲôĵرʲôġʦڣ˵ڽ쳾֮Ǹ˵ˡ
ҡͷûУûУڵһʱ˵ˣҲԵǰ״ʣϣϽҵ¸Դأô꣬״ίʵǰδ
ҶЦˡ
ϣʲôŻΪ֮죬ȴû뵽ѾͷȻʲôҲûУֻԼ͵ʥԪƷȾ硭
칦򣬺ȻѾƷ۷Ʒ
ֽȣҶЦҲҪĪ
ҶЦʲôĽָǵǳΪ˼ɶҲûУôΪĵûбȽϾû˺˺ǲܱȽϵİ
ôӣ
ҶЦͬİ˼⡣
Ȼǵò𰸣Ǿһã
ʵûޣֶԽ̫УҶЦʵڲԸ϶һԽԽͼԼΪǳԴ֣ô
ҶЦ޵ҪҸһһ٣
ҶЦԽ˳ĳӦֱϽһĽ⣬Ϊʲôܹ٣Ƿ
˯죬˯ѣ治ĳԴٽռǿⲿԪ׳޾ռѾγһֱܣ޾ռҲչһֵɱ䣬ŨȡȡܶȶԽԽߣΪ޾ռΨһ࣬ȻҲæòɿ
˼ʱҶЦʱæ͵˯ϢϢظһ״̬ȴû뵽һѾͱץ˳
ΪȫΡ


264 깦
ʲô㿴״̬ûκϣûκĵرĽ١һ죬ɶ⣿᲻ҶЦ˵
仰Ҫñ϶֮Աǣͳëˣö죿
ȴ֪ҶЦĽǶôֲĳʱʱĴĳˣҪ⻹ǶĳˣԼˢڸУԼ죬NĽָǷͲˡ
ûκϣûʹùκĵرҶЦҪĻǾǲˣ
Բ۾Сצһͬæ
ǳҶЦ֮⣬ΨһϤӵӵĳʸĴڣǱʱ򣬾ͶСһϲѣ˿ټʱЦ۾ڶḧ
̽ϣƶС۾ﾹֳһ˿졣
ô£ɿˣҶЦʵ
ܹԼͷųƻһ־죬̬ȻѰĵģô죬ʲô֢˵Ǳֽţ˵б⣬֮һĳֱ׶ˡ
ء̧һֻǰצָֻųƪ۵˵һ󴮡
˵һǱ
˵ߣǱͻὥαһǾԽǱӵԽԽࣿ
ʲôǱôôŹֵǱ
òǡôܣôΪǱڼ淢أ
֮޽ͣǹһֽ𣬳ŵܣ
شϣʼתתȥɻ
ΪҲ֪⵽ʲôԭ
ȻҵڵĸԴڣȴ֪֪֮꣬Ȼ֪Ȼ
ҶЦȴüͷ˼
֮𣿡ҲдмңͶΪ̫ǣ˼ʼҶЦˣµǲ
Ҳܾʹ۶⡭ҶЦüͷҲ²⡭񹦡аŵ״
а񹦣Ŵ۾
Ʈƹ񹦣⹦£òûⰡ
ʲô⣿ǵ⣬֮أ񹦵ĵ伮ȴƼأ⡭
ҿǼǵãлйٲҶЦԹйУнɣ츳Ҫ󼫸ߣ˵ȹٵģȴֻƮƹһҡ
ѸٻԼ֪ĸŹԣЩʧֻЩֻڴ˵еĹȷʵҶЦԣһĻйٰ
ȷġ
ͷţߴΧƮƹ֮еȱƪǰʦ֮ȫܺѷȴ˹ٰȱ
ƮƹӦٵķʹøȼĳ١˵ǲܼʱٵĻҶЦ˵ҲǴɣѾ̫̫ûз֣ƮƹķǰʱеĹ汾ûйһ˵⡭֮ΪƮƹ֮ڣҪ㵱ʱĹ٣öñȳ׻Ҫٸһַܻ١λԣѾǴ˽ߡĹ٣ע޷
㵱ʱŻѡȥѩһս
սҡ
ҶЦĹ١ԾڣʱȻ֪飬ȴо
ҶЦ˵˼䣻ʱ࣬Σ񾱣ֱ̧ͷˡ
˼ʻ䵱֣ҼԶ϶ӦǸʱ򡭡ɶɶɶԵɺϵؽ⿪Ĺ١ҶЦҲһҲǵǽ֮תΪصʹڡ
صܣλΣ㵱ʱҲԸɳأ㵽˺쳾߼λŵԲųȷһĽڡ΢֮δûⷽأҶЦ°ͣΪʲôȴһš
ҵۣа˳ɰӦòҲа˳ɰգĽ⡣ҶЦԭֻҪѰƮƹں쳾ĴˡϾŹֻú쳾ȫڡ
ͷ˼
Լ񹦵˽⣬ҶЦ˿˿۵ķǳ֮⣬ҲûбɿԽ͡
ˣʱһĻƮƹ˳̧ͷҶЦһۣĹΣһ𣿡


265 ҹ
ҶЦʱһǱȿȡ˳ĹȻҲҰæģûǶæȻйƣȴҲһ١
֪ĳǱ򣬵죬һֻߵûȡ
Զ׼ԽԽǱԽԽĳˣ
ҶЦĻȣЩҪˣֻϧգڸ·֮Уһ˫ǰߣʱصﶼʺĳЩ顭
Ļ
ҶЦѾɶɶɶˡ
޽ʮŹأѾأҶЦʶ
ͷˣһȴʵäˣҲֻ֪ʮŹصĴڣȴ֪Щء
΢΢һЦֻһء
ҶЦһ
ν޽ɽʮأָʮŸΣط΢ЦָһʮŵؿνʮŹأ֮ʵûκεʵʹ
Ȼ˹أҲκνһЦ
ɽһأҲһأҶЦʵ
ɽȻһأǻûûв߹ͲءǺʮŹֻ
ʣµĹؿʲô֪ЩҶЦͷʵ
ǰϾͻˣΪǽӽռݵĹؿʮŹ֮ؿ࣬ϹʮλԲռһأ˵Ƿǳա
ҶЦеĵʮλǾʮؿڣ
ʮؿڣţһֻɽҰɾ̾һ
ҶЦĿ࣡
˵ʮ֣ҶЦֻоԼͻȻʮ
ʶ뵽ԼµʮãôϵôأҲûôյİɣ
뵽ˡ֮еԣ˫ʮ飡
ôɰɡҶЦֱ

ϣҶЦļ֮£ֻ߳һ˾˸طס£漴ͶϵԶԶģҶЦŽߵ޵ݵҴҵľ

ҶԴǵһɶӣڵȵ
ȻҲȲˡ
Ҫĳ˸ɵߵ顭
ٺٺ١
ҧ촽ߵüʹȥһ˫СҶЦ䣬ͽҶЦһĵ
쵰
ֻֻҪĳߣͲҡĳѾߣĳ˳ӹˣȫ벻Ҫơ
ĳ˼˵뷨гɹĿܣȻ
ҶЦջûܵóѡ
ҶЦ׼޿ܲ罫Źصĵڡ
ȴһͻķϢԶƽ
идС
ֹڴǵҲˣҶЦĶǵлж϶һ֣߳Ҵ粻Ź
ҶЦ֮µʱһΪ仰ʵ̫ϤҶЦҶЦҲŪ
Ϊº
˪º
˶òƻ˵ˣ˷գ
ҶЦɲǼ޴棬ͷԱñѩһ侲һ仰˪ˣΣգҪϹȥ
δ䣬Ȼ쫷һ㼱˳ȥ
һХ֮࣬ӰѾȥ˰֮⡣
Ҳȥ˲ָҶЦǰźĵ𣬸ոճµһϮ˲ʱѴ룬һɱ磬ȥ
ԱߵĻͶҶЦ˶֮ѯʣԶ׷ѰҶЦӰ
˷ҶЦһ˲Ҫһɲǣ˶֮ʱȴѿһŨȷ磬ԶԶ޲ڱǡ
˶˵ķţȻС
ҶЦ˪ðΣٶȷӵ£˱ͬһƵһ㣬ֻǰһѾûӰӡ
һ˲ȴǿҶЦһ˵ʵˣҶЦȶ˲ʱûӰŶǽ׷ں󣬶붾ͬʱǻ˲ʱѾ׷ȴԶԶ˺棡
Ժ׷ĻҲԼ˼ѾȫԸƶٶȷӵ˼ޣȻҲֻؿҶЦӰȥȫ׷ϣɵõһ
λЦ˵ؾɾˣɳʱάļٶȣѵ֮ǰʵ
ȴǸ߹ҶЦڵҶЦļ٣ȻǱ˼ļٶȣӹɣ߼ٶֻͨάֲʱ䣬һѾǼޣʥԪ߽ߣάϢĹ⾰Ķ߿֧ԳԼʮϢʮϢϾҪ޹Ϊάϵһ⣬κҲԳɣ
ڶҶЦڲڴУȫУ٣޾ռʱṩԴԴ֧֣ʹҶЦ۷壻ԾɿԳʱάȥȴǱĽҲĽģ

ҶЦڼ֮УȻоͷʲôѸٽ۽һɨֻ֪ʲôʱȻӿռˣȵضԼͷһ˫۾Ŀǰ
磬δؿļһôˣ
ѵǰо޴ĺô


266 
ϵ˫ðΣҶЦϾ˼ȫĵķٶȣһ֧һļȥ

Υ˪ºܡ
û뵽ԴӵһֱܺãͻȻôѵＫط̩һ˵
Լ˵һšߡ˵˹ҶЦЦ־ţʱסһ·̸ϹҹΪСĵرܹ;еնڣڵۿžǡߡ·֮طԽԽҲԽԽõĵڣȴû뵽Ȼôһͷ
ǹһͷ
ֶ֣ܽǾϣ磬λ涼Ͽɵͨ˪ºľɫ洦֮ѾǳСĽеĴζȴ޷ڣֻ˵벻һ㣬˭ûĥǵ㼸оζ
ƫƫͷѭζһ·׷ٶҪǣõǰĻһӹȵȫɸ߷壬ֻһͨǧӵĻΧ֮£ǺҪ׷ˣֻʱѡ
֪Ǻ֣ݹȫΪǰɣϣں׷ϵԼ֮ǰܹɳƬ򣬱Ͼǰ඼Ǿ޷ܵɽ
ΣǳǿߣѰߵٶȲһ
ϧѾ;ƿ֮أܹӳƬѾԽԽϣڡ뿪Ƭ˵ǰ״ӳħ
˵ޱȼǿһ˲ͬ޷ŴۼΣԽԽ¶ͷ
ŬȥһҪ磡˪һ߿񱼣һߴһһҶ㲻ˡӳ졣ټ֮ҪҺúչ˴硭
ºҧŭҴͲչˣǽ㣬ȥչ˴Żչ˵øãϺ󣡡
Ȼºƽһγ˪Լ㡣
ͬģͬͬʱҪǣǸĸҶЦڣȷ˭һЩ˪ܹ֮ռŽͷΪҶЦΪȡѾΪѾºԼ˪С
һòã
ʵϣΪµѾꡣ
˪ŭ˵ȻһҪĻҪٷϻ죡
º߳ˮݺһҧͻأһȣ㣡ߣ
ӶȻһתһȻȻĹ⻪гѤõĵ⣬Ӵĺ˻ȥ
ºû뵽ģ˪ҲͬһʱͬľԼͬľٶ
һͷս
˶ͬһͷȰ϶Ȱģֻ˵
ɼȶʵҵ˼ã˶ͬʱͷˣ
˼֮£˾Ȼͬһʱ䣬ͬʱͷͬʱӴĺ
õ˫һٶǢĬΪ棬ѲΪǽΣȴһɺϣһܵɺϣԼΪԷȡɺϣ
ȵ˴˷֣ԼĽþȻԼһѡ˵ͷһɸεľ
ͬʱһǰδеķŭȻ
쵰ôɵ
仰ԼͬشŮеһ˳
ǲȺͬʱ
漴ŮȻס˿ڣŶԷ
Ȧͬʱˡ
ҵĽ㣡
ҵã
ԶӴɽľȻҲͣסϮ⣬ԼаŵµĽֵùЦ
СˣͶͱôģǶϧ֮ˣԺǿޱȵӣ
Уľ봹ѣһ˫ֱа䷿ôȫɫ⡣
˪ºͬʱһҽڴ˵أʬ޴棬ҲԲóѣ
һڣΪǵɵԼô
һֻצӺȻץ䡣
˪ºͬʱ۾ĶʱǰδеľٶȣѸټС
յ˵ǰⲽأ֪ңҲԼ屻һ̣
ԱҲԲӣ
ֻǡԲסˡ
˪ºĽһ磡
˪þ֮էһ̣һХԶƿն쳹ʡ
һȵ˵˭Ȥ֮Σǽˣ
ΥϤ˪º뽿һ𣬼ΪԼУֻǴΣһֻ̳ͬʱ͵۾ϸתͷѭȥ磿


267 
ХصУһӰԶٽӽһ֣ƮƮ֮УѾŮһץץŮͬСһ˻ȥ˦ԼźһѾͷʵʵĴţǳӵãѾģ
˪º鼤ĪѾ£ԹԵĵͷСһ㣬עŴıӰ
ղŷݻ̵̻ڴ絽һ̣һ˲䣬ȴǿ־ȫޣӲ棡
ʹǿֲĺڲԶצްη壡
Ԯ˵һȫȫ׵ûȴޱʵİȫУ
ŴıӰһ統é֮УܶļѣʲôĶţֻҪڣԼˣǰȫǣ
ʲôõģ
ԭѾŮӦƴһ׼ͻһ˽֣ƻԼĺ£ջ˶צ֮࣬һ˫׾ҶЦ¶Цɫ
ֻϣλС˿еĴ磿ȫΪǴ˸磬͸ڱǰǣϽϴøɸɾ͹ѵҪԶ֣̫Ҳûɫ˰ɣ
ҶЦ̧ͷעǰͷǺεɭȻɱ
ͷ˶̾ɽ֮䣬Ȼ·µʵʵ峤аɣֻһԴͼһһô
һһԺôķӡ
Ϊһ飬ͺһӲС
ǿϢҶЦǰһֻһ㡣
ҶЦȴûа⡣
һ仰Ҳ˵˼ʿ֮壬Ψһƽ̯ƾո֣âɣȻһ̽ס˾ĽΪһ̼ۡ
ͷʵǿᣬҪԼǿ࣬Լʮ֮˾ŲǶ֡
ҶЦڸոտԷʱоѾʶˡǿٱǧ򱶣Ҫҵǰ˺ҵļˣҲǾԲԣ
˪ºУ˿̵ҶЦһɽԼǰһз粨ڱ˶ˡ
Ȼ˼ҶЦȴѾƴ׼
ŭɱ
һͷȻ۸ã׼ɣ֮գ
ȴȫϷ֮ɫҶЦС棬ȻҪɱ
ҶЦ壬ƴһ̣һֱͷŵĶͻȻ䳤СɵڿһŵķڣƮȻ˵ϣһ
ҶЦӲûɳ
Ϊ˵С
ҶЦЩûιȥ
С
㴦
㴦
ȻҶЦ֪֪֪ͨ仨ֶθٶȹھأֽˣǡʵΪĻʵҲֻʥԪƷˮ׼ͷǰòƲɣ
Ҫ˵֮ľ޴Ͳ졣
׻˵úãǾǲģ
仰õڹͣ
СС壬ͷ˵ǲģ
һ̡
ȻӵƮ
ƮͬʱСϣͻȻɢŨصѹ
һȻΪһϵϣ
ƽɢӣҲ֮
ӿŶƱƷоɲѹϵǿɫ仯֮ԽԽΡ
ڶӱɽһС֮ʱ¶һɿ־֮ɫ
вĸо
ƫƫϣڳɢǿ
λ׵ľѹƸоԽԽԣԽԽ޷ܣ
ˣ
仹緢̫ϡˣֱǿٵͷһ⣡
ҶЦĹ֪Уһᣬ߾װȵĻɫ
ȻҶЦۿĲб֮ǰӥ¾ҳǵ࣬ӶĵرNĳ㣬׮׮ĲҰĳһȻƤѣ
мĻƾǻɫҲҸᲢ̧ۣ̫˰ɣ
ҶЦĿɿڴĿŶСһ·󣬲գգ۵Ĺ⾰ȻΪһްҲƵĴڡ
Ƿ֮ѹҲԽԽŨңԽԽԿܡ
γͣθǵɽХһ㣬ӿس
ã𾪣֣ٵһֱɪɪа㶯ĤݣȴҲֻһ˲ѣ
λ׵ضѹ
ԴԹ֮һֶߵıܳ
ҶЦŶ״עźоѽǰ˽СƽرĳϵĪ仰
˫һ飡
˫ʮ飡
һ˲ҶЦоԼƺʲôȴֺʲôûףֻ𺳣


268 ɱ
Ƭ֮࣬עٶȾ۽УֻͷԸ˹ѹȻڵأǾӴ˼һֱֻôСߣ̱ڵϣĿǾ״ŰɵĶʵġ
ӣĮһצӡ
һ죬ʱء
һצϣ
⡭
Ȼ󡭡ȻǺڶ֮䣬һֵԲ漴ʧڶС
ҶЦʶس˳顣
ͷԼƴȫҲδܹùĺһǵֱɱɱ׾٣Ѵ֮һצ֮໹Ҫҷٲò
ҶЦ֪У۶ôĿ־壬ֶôǿᣬԼܵвʱôҲҪƴһźϺ˵ǺʵʵҪʤֹһͷôȫȻֿȫȻԴУôʵıɱԼСöɱԼ
ֱǡ̫˰ɣ
ҶЦӼ˳
˵ˡҶЦΪҪոСܣԼڿδͷȴû뵽ûô룬ֱӾ͸ɵˣ
ɱ֮»ָԭСϣһͷʮɵĺʬ壬ѪͬȪһգۼȾɽ
һǱ
ȻҶЦ鵽ôһ£Ϊʲôô󣻵ȴҶЦȥռˡ
һӣкĺѪҺϤ޾ռ֮ڡ
ѪҺ֮У̺ӴŨԵߺȵ֮󣬲Ϊ̱Ԫǿʣ
ƬǼܶǴߵľѲϣǵǹ룬ǿԱԵĹмߵĿ֮ܡ
кڵѼ
ʾɫǺ˶ӣҺ֮£ӵ޶޸ǿЧ
ˣǰСɽһĺʬ壬ҶЦ۷⣬һæ
ҶЦźջôʱ򣬻и涾ڸϹû̫Թȥ˪ɣǻλȴǵ۾עĿһĻȫԼǰֻһôֱɱһͷһͷ˶ޣ쳣ǿĺأ
ôô죿
жҲûôɣ
ţ飬ȷʵе̣߳˪һ磬ͬʱʩչƴ֮ͬʱҶЦݹȹǿƣȫѹԼĻɱһҲʮϢҵʱ䣬ûпľͻ壬ۺôˣ
ԻڿǺʬһԵԻͷ쳣ǿĴڣ㻹û𾳣Ҳгʵᶼ˷ʬˣ֤
Լ֪Լ£ԼΪָȫʢ֮ʱͷȻһսڻȫˣԼҲǿġ
Ҫ˵սʤͷͱȽǿѵˣΪԼΪϻܹƽҪ̫࣬ԼֲܹܱѾǼޣʤĿܣ
ءǽǰźĹͷȻҶЦأ
˵ʲô
˵ɵվŰϽæߴˡҶЦЦ
Ȼóʲôȴûн͡
ʵԵǰҪܣʱضдһʱɡ
˵ˡҲֻ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼ֪һһ̾ôģҲ֪ô˵ԼûŪأ
˪ºױʬֶ̫ˣֱӸʬˣѪĽ˪ǰ࣬ŪȹΥط꣬һʱ䶼˸ҶЦ׽ֱ˿ҶЦкһʰźһѱסҶЦСУϲ
ղҶЦ콵էȻԮȻľŮɷǼϣļҪըһ㡣
֪˿̲Ҫ׽˼ʾñط꣬һݸпڵҶҵǴٻᣡ
ٹƬ̣ҲһУ֮ͬˣ꣬ط꣬飬档
ҶЦƤסȫ˿ռ䣬ֻǴ˼ʣȴеעȫע֮ϣŰĿ˶һĿѣԣ಻ѡ


269 ֮
һСһСĺ飬ͨԲʵʼմڣϵطͰ׹⣬żתһ£ḡһЩĪͼڰ׹ƺҪƿշɳ
鼴׿˵칦ЧԾϡ䣡
˪º۾ֱˡ
ôƯ£ǸŮ˾޷ܡ
ҶЦ״һЦϲ
Ů͵ͷ
ɲܸ⿴Ѥãװʵ˷ˣĹЧҪӦڴ޸귽棬ֻҪΪǺ𣬶Խ޸кöǣ֤ϲҶЦǺЦ
˪ºԴϲʱպϹ
Ǿľ⣬һһȥ棡ҶЦ漴׹ȥϼӲӣѤõ¡
˪ºǾʱǻա
Ǿⲻʣ֣ȶվЧСǽ֮ʱ棬Ǻ
˪ŮǱ߿ˣҶЦպϵߣҲзݣʵã׵ĺüһ
öҪǹӲţ׵оȻҶЦҲôСʹ⣬Ȼ֪ǾҪԤͷ
˪Ůкö֣ҲܿϣҶЦ;һٿͣ
׻˵úã⣬¿⡣ҶЦüɫ裺¿⾭ԣ⡭֮ǰ߳Թ⣬Ͼ֮ұϵ⡭оơ
ľ֣ҲоơԼĿռָ
ĵؿ˶һۣ㲻Ϊ˻ľưɣϵܣ
ʱһӵĺߡ
֮УһٴͣȫԱȵĵطް꣡ԳԹ֮󣬶ͻҵطϢȥˡ
㷹°ҹ˪ºҶЦߴߴ˵һϻ
ҶЦĵ׾Ρ
Դӵٺ쳾ԼһֱܹأһϵĵѧǽҵΪ˳˳ǡֵɶɶˡ
һϾ⵽ôƻ
˪ºֱӾûиԼκλ޻ᡭ
޲ҲҪ
ϺģĲҿҶЦ
е̫ǿˡ
Ǹһһģ

Ǿñطţȥһ¶ҶЦ
û취ֻܿԽԽܣȥռŮ
ҶЦһ˵²˪ºҪѾͷͻȻˡ˳ȥã
ҶЦĴȫˡ
˪ºɴû죬ĵȻ죬Ҳֻһ
ѾͷԼϣǿưռԼλãҶЦֻ̾˳ȥ
϶Ǻ£̫ûζȴ̫ˬ̫ɶˣ
ҶЦռ䣬ȴں˯
һδ˺ڶ˵һĽӦһսĳɹ
ҶЦת֮䣬ȡı͸ԼٱƷ塣
ϡ⣬Ƿ޾ռоģ
ʲộػǵ߶߶óˣҶЦĵ׶Դĺ档
ҶЦеһƣϸӡ
ȴû淢κκۼϢһ飬ͬûκη֡
òƾֻǺͨ壬ȫȻûκγ֮
ҶЦȥ鿴ȫλɨӣûҵκε쳣
ҶЦˣʲô
ѵʮҪҵģȻֻͨʯ
аӲĵҶЦɴදۺϼľϸϸĲ鿴˳֮ڷһߣֻ˵ǲԾĵط
ƺ֮һɼӴӡ
ʯϣǵԲ޷ƻ޷롣
ҶЦϼӳھֽϣϸµһѰſԽĿ϶
ȻλԼôûȫ޽;
֮ȫջҶЦҪ̽Ѱ쳷ʱ򡭡
ͻȻ䣬һ˳ҶЦ߷β׷˹ҶЦ״һӦ٣ٻգǹ跢ӰΣҶЦسö죬ʼս治ţҶЦȫ޷ѣҶЦľȫ˳֮Уǹصһ㣬ҶЦľȫڸǣ
ҶЦƺһҪռ취޾ռأͻȻǿᣬԼȻԳ׿񣬵޾ռ䡭
ȴǹǿȻԼľ֮ǰȻͣ£ûһһĽ
ߣԳһֻ֣֣ȴǲȫġ
Ƹ꣨
嫺ģ


270 ݰ
ҶЦһۿȥһ顣
⡭ò⣿
ˣȻҲ͹ˡ
֮Ҫԣǲܹأǡгͷ
ֻǰ⼸ոڱ˶ҲץһӶδ׼ȷҶЦ˵ȴȫҪǡ
þдȥ
Ƹ꣨Ц
嫺ģӦ
͸Լ壬ݶԼйص顣
ôϤľӣҶЦȻѡдԼ֪䡣
ȻҶЦ߲Ÿոд꣬ǹƳˮ˳һ˻ȥ
ȫŻУһʩʩȻ˳
΢ЦĿº͡
Ȼ߳һ˲䣬ȴϵݰ˼䣬һɾºƣ˿ⷢȴɡ
Ȼ΢Цʲô˵Դ棬ڣƼݣڣ
ֻҪڣߣ
վŻţ߸ϣֻҪˣǾ٣
˴˼ȻֻǴһƬþ֮УȴԾͬһ㡣
ҶЦůݸЦλؾЦ棬ҶЦҶˡȻҶҺķɽѾҶµõ˽
ҶЦǰʢޣ£֪ǰǣ
ƺ仯һ£ȻǼ
𣡡ҶЦ¶Ȼһ
ҶЦʹεĸߣĿĺ˼էλ巽֮ǰ񻰴˵ԾɲĪ
ҶЦ𶯶΢΢ʧʱǱ߼Ҳƺʲôͬм˼βŵҶǳһԪһ֮У鷳ҲɣߡϼһڴµһۼҲһα˴ٻᡣ
ҶЦһ
λǿߣڻռ磬ָ֮ʮ£µĲȻ߱ʶܹԼĽ̸
ֹͨǾ
ҶЦΪһµֻǽһЩ飻״̬һĽ˵Լĸܡ
Ͼ飬ҶЦ֮ǰҲò١
ȴû뵽
ǰģһ߱ʶ߱˼άܹӦĶ壡
ǣһ䡰һα˴ٻᡱôòе㲻һζأ
񣬺񡭡˵ĹϵܲѰеСζأòȻջҶԹȴԱ˴Ϊۣڴ֮ǰĽʾսսʲôʲôɣ
ҶЦ˼Ƭ̣ԼһֶͬΣһҲһ
⣬ͬһǿ֮ų֣һӰҲ֮٣ҶЦǰ
ʮǰ
쳾λס
ʮĽգҶЦĿռٻᣡ
˾Υټһʱ˴¶һĨӣǳһϣͬԳ̾Ϣ
Ŀԣ˴֮乲ͬ¶Թƺһ˲Ȼ̣ȴĿ
Ȼ󡭡
ȻӰһǳӰȻŷ룬̤㵽ҶЦ޾ռ֮С
˲˼֮ȴǿҶЦΪ˷㰲ڿռļӣȻʵĶ
ȻʵкҶЦҶҲ
ҶЦͬһ߹ȥһ±ȡ
ҶЦ˼ȴ̲סһ룺ѵһʵû껯ռֻǼֻ߽յٻᣬֻǽԼָ
ټһ棬Ҷͬڣʱ˿ֻ̣Ѿʮ֮˰ɣǳ̾Ϣһ
ʮ֮󡣡һû뵽֮һټһ档
ǳͷٻȴҶƬռĸ˵ýȻܹɢûĿռ䣬Ҳֻܶ˵ϼ仰Ҫɢˡ
ЦЦԣǲ֮ˣ𡣡
ǳɫЩӣ˵ʱӢۣӢʱƣȴԾɲŪ컯
ѵڣ㻹Ե鹢ڻɣ
ǳЦЦڻȻǲڡֻܸоЩʧ䣬ѵ͵ȫ̵ͻô
˶Ĭһᡣ
ҶЦ˵ĻƶǶΨһ֪λ䣬飬ͬھĿĲֻΪ˺ô
һӡǵΪҶлһҶǵ󱲻ڼƲʵߵغ֮


271 
ﷱʮδϾҲ˼¡ҲӦ㣬ҶְѪ£Ըúúñ𡣡ǳ
һЦ˿ռȻ죬ȴԾ̫ãʱ䲻࣬ǸϽ˵°ɡ
ǳ΢Цѵٻش˵䡣Ļβץס
ҶЦЩ㯵ˡ
Դ˳òƿԼһ㣬һֱڶԱ˴˵Լһ飬ȴһ͸ˡ
һһ˵Ȼ죬еþû˵Ҫʹʹĸо
ҶЦԺ˼֮ʣȴ˶˵ˣͬʱĿ۽Լ
ĵĿ⣬Ǵʮ֮ǰƳʱ֮дԽӺգһ
һ̣ҶЦȻоԼ궼Щ𵴲ˡ
һ̣ҶЦǳͬʱҶЦ֣µһ
ҶЦæܿ˵񣬳λǰαд˴ҶЦƲ岻ͶұǼƲߵ峤Ҷĳȣ˺Ե˵ҶЦ֮ͣίʵǰ񡣡
ֱӣ΢ЦҶҶ⣬һ񲢷ǸлǺǡҪС
ǰ뽲ǡҶЦȻ˵λǰ¡˫¼Ϊۣʲô飬ֻҪҶĳģȻΪǰһǡ
ǳ΢ЦȴмԵҶδɾ͡ҵ
ʮǰҶ˾оΪȥ˴۷Σν۷ɣȥ۷һ㺬Ҳȥ˼ޣ֪ҶȺδ½λλ棬Ȼ֪Ϊޣӭ״
Ȼȴ֮Ҷв֮ǾǣǹȻ֪ǵΪټ쳾䣬ȴƫƫ֪һôߡ
ȥȻҪĽǱ𣬻ߡǻ
ЦЦʱв֪֮Եȴʵо֮˹켣һ޷ͣȴʵĸоָоڵʱǶԣǺֺܾܻȻģϰһоеǣƷ˾Υʧ֮У
ȻӲҪδһ䣬ʱΪȷʵǿóǿᵽҲδܹĸ߶ȡ
ǳĶŵĽ˵ǣ췣潵٣û췣ɱôͻΪԸ˵Խ̮֮ؾ𣬺쳾档
Ǽ֮ǲ֪һǴ˵֮еġ֮񣡡
ܹߵ۷һûеõشУû·ˣֻǡһ·ƾԼʺ͸Դһԭԭȴڱ˴˶Ա˴˵ľѹ
˽·ߵͷķţʵ˵нǿϢ
ҶЦɫһ䣺λǰǵ˵ʵǻٽһģ
ɫƽˮȷʵˣֻҪǺ췣ȻԿ췣õͻƴռһĻᡣ
ҪõᣬҪ۵ģ۾ǴţԱԽ֮أվ۴֮Ĳܣѽޣ
ҶЦ֪ѡȴԾ̲סһԼȷ߽棬Ҳ֪ν켫ޡ֮췣ƣȴûԼһλԼϸ߲Σ
ҶЦձɫݸһЦҶҲ˾ȣұʿйУ֮ޣΪͻƲֶε飬˭ֻҲǸɹģһ֮һʱ֮췣ٵӵԽ֮ϵ飬ҲһݾԲǴ֮񣡡
ǰһͻ𣬲˲ǡ
ǳӿڵϧʵ̫ǣȻҲô
ԣ˰˺£ռһս˴ģ˴ߣͬھ߾Ȫվ֣ȡ쳾ڡ
ǳ˵ԵЦֻǣļһ£ȴֲԸûĺۼ
ѪǷݷɣһȻΪ˱ǣȴҲǵ㵽һֶΡһѧŶѾߵ˴£˱Ѫȴһֱûдˡǳ
ʵҲûдˣЩ˶Ǳ˴ɱˡɱҵͽܣҲɱͽܡ̹˵˶û²ˡ
ǳݺݵһۣԣһԸǡ˵²УҪҶˡ


272 Ե
ҶЦͷףҶЦԸŵɡ
ıѧȫ֮УһԪɢ֮ҶҲã֪Ҷи߲εĴУѧδҶڣΪɽ֮ʯδزɹһ£ǵĴУ϶ϲɽеĶȫһ˵ȥ
Ϊ޷ͻƵġ
ҶЦĬһ£Ȼףʱרһţʤԣʲô˶ܹڼ֮ġ
ǳ¶ͣˡ
¾ȫȨиҶˡֻҪѪˮ˾˭Ҫ
⣬һҲҪҶӦ˵ǲͬģԸ
ǳ̾ϢһǾǡ֮ϣʲô磿
մһûܹ֮ĸ߶ȣȻٴ֮ʱйᣬȴǷһηǴԵʹʱͨѾԿǧ֮Ҳ׷ݵǧ֮ǰ;ǰ·ȴҲʼûд𰸡
Ե;ٽʹ޻ڣȴվġǺķȫӺʱȴⷢ쳾֮УȻһ
ҶЦȻ˵
ǵ㣬һ֮ıܹĹȥȴĽ
ҶЦ˼
϶ǻһˣܹΪ;ͻƴôǸֻ㣬бˣ
ǽϣϡ
ǳ΢΢һЦǸȻеעҶЦ
ҶЦһ̣ͻȻγѣ뵽ʲô̲סɴ۾ʧ˵ѵҵ𣬾Ĺ
ЦһҲҶ̫ˣǹȻ׷£δ֮ܣڴ֮ϵ£ȴȫȻΪʱǳֻܱһߵвʣ㽫ϣδΪ̽޾δȴ˷ʮ֮㣬ԼϵıȻֻһǽе꾫ȫ֮Уֻһο͡ȴȫҵĿ͡
ҶЦøӺͿˣѵ˵Լϵǰλ֣иˣʲôʲôһĸʸҲҸаһ㣿
Ǵ֮꾫ɥʧΪԴ棬ɲҲɵĸ֣ݱһսϾʱΪӰƽĹؼ
˵ǵԸҲԸҶͻƴ֮ʱܹ֪һ͹ˡȻ̾Ϣ
Ըɣǹʼ֮ԪʶҶͻƴ֮ʣֻҪרһ֪һǱиӦǳԸ
Ҫ֪֮ϵľ磬ʲôͻƴֽ֮ӭʲô
ˡ
ͲǳͬʱȻЦ⣬Цݳֿ

ҶЦжȻһȡ
ޱȳԣȴδȫȻ֮ڵ֡
ﾻȻȴδһԶм֮ٵľʦ
λԼҲҪɽֹΪ֮̾ǰˣ
ǵһԭֻסƬ̣дռŶټãѾǼޣɢ֮ʱˡ
ƽ˵Ҷء
ǳ˹Ŀ⿴ҶЦء
ҶЦֻоͷģദʱݣȴѾмֲᡣ
ǣλ쳾ب˿Աȼĸǿߣ̤;кЩþ
˵ѵλɢûеڶ·𣿡ҶЦĵʵǸղҲ˵ˣɴֵ֮ԴͷǵıΪɣͽ浱ǰһϣѵ֮Իˣ˵ȻֻϣԾɱǵļ䣬ǻֻۣأʲô°ɣ
ЦҡͷҶ˵лҲ֮ӵԽ֮ˣĴڣֻҪ꾫񻹴ڵʱʹֻתԾҲ֮٣ע޷
綼Ҫܻɻҵ³
ο֮ǰǽеľǴԹۣٽһΪԹƲ峬֮أȻעǣ˽һ֮еأȻ꾫ȴѾɸɾתֻصʱ


273 ʮ˼ٻᣡ
һ֮󣬲ǳӴ˾ҪɢƬ֮䣬ټ
Цݿɬ
ʹؽȥ˼׻ҷһ̣ԾɻЩġ
ҶЦΪ֮ĬȻ
飬ûʸ˵ʲôûʵվ֡
ȻʱͻȻҶЦһ
ҶЦת֮ʣȴǾЦһȻ޳ȴҲˣλĴδؾת
תߵǰһǳЦ
ûԾ֮ȴҲû֮ܣҲҪѰ²ˣǵ񹦴Уһղرܣ߻һһصԼϡҶЦЦ⣬һг˵
ҶԺ⣿ʵ
Ʋβ֪ҶЦ⣬ȴʵڲҶЦд͵֮ܣ׷ʣ
ҶЦ֪λǰǷûз֣ǽռԺѾжʱˣ״̬Ծոմʱ졣
ȷˡӵеƬռȷֹڴվԱȫɢˣǶ״УȻ״̬仯ϸ΢ǵһԴڽɢ״̬֮У߱ɢҪٱ绹Ҫȫɢġ
ǳ΢ЦţʵԸˣȴҲ̫⣬˶ÿˣҶν黳
ҶЦλǰ£ȻѾʮ꣬ôλʮꡣ˿ɺã
ȻûҶЦʲô˼ȻȥȴҶЦһġ
ȴ˼էһŻ迪һƬɫȻϢէȻӿ˳һ̣һֻɫƯС֮˳ɵҶЦǰߴߴĽš
ҶЦҲڸСһߴƣһ˵Ȼߣʼһһ˵Щʲô
СߴߴĽлɿһǼģھԿĳ˵İȨѹ
֮ҶЦ˵˵ʲô֮СʱֹͣߴߴתͷԲעˣעĿ˺һ
ҶЦ˵䣬ƺڴߴСʲô
СںǲĽͷһͣɵشԼϰë
ëɫëɫȫȻͬȻȻİɫʥޱȡ
ƲԼԲῴֻСϾֻɫëѩɫëȴһûУ˼СһͰԼϵİɫë˹һĻλҲЩɵۡ
ƾλͬȼĴǰ滨ҲΣֻСôģ
漴˼ȴһſռһĪ˷ӿ಻ͬɫٴ㺣һػɫë֮С
Ȼ󣬵ԭһֱſź˯ֻСè͵վŵŲ˼ȦСһţһþԲ˼ɫϢʹɫë档
ɫëһ£֮仯ɫˮΡ
ɫˮγֵͬʱǳӾһ
Ϊͬʱоɫˮ֮УȻΪ챾Դ֮
˵õˮ飬ӵ֧ǽֻصԴ
챾Դ꣬ȴǷɴ֮֮컯ڳĴ챦ڴ˳֣ңղһϵеı仯챾Դ꣬òǺɱѵԼޣˣ
˶ƹ˺쳾ǿߣһ̣ȻЩƲסԼмֻûʧ
ȴҶЦһӣˮƮȻһһţڽ˵֮С
屶ʵȫԿó֮ղҪʵࡣ
ͬʱ˵һͬʱƮ
˺εȼʶʱȻˮ飬ǵ챾Դ֮һܣܸγɸ컯֮ľƷ
ҶЦ΢ЦŻ֣˵λǰתǵԸҪԼȥɣǵĴУһš
ʮ˼ٻᡣ
ҶЦһδϣռȻһȺڰҪڰУƲ˵һ仰ûü˵šಡһ˽ȥ
Ψһ֣ģĴд
л
иʧˣʹǿԹֻͨתͨҲ޾ռô棡
ˣҶЦȴҲһ
ԸûҲûаҶЦ૵ĶԼ˵
Ȼſʼ֮еزء
һ֮£ʱһ
һԵľϲ˲ͷ


274 ʱ꣬
Ϊÿһ棬вǧֹȭṦֱʹ֮Ϊÿһÿһλĵãȵȡ
ưУӦоУ
ֱţ
廨̾ͳ
ܹ뵽ﶼǣʱ󲻵ģﻹУ
ҲĻߡҶЦһ૵ԭڷţô˵ĻУԽԽߡЩһ⾡ӭж⣬λǰУ˵ѩ̿
Щӵĵ̣ǡˡ
ʮһỹλһ֮컯ʮУЩزؾʱãһȫҶЦĳ۹
޾ռ֮ڣλѾɺɫֻأڴ˼䣬쳾˼䡣
ҶЦԼһԴڿռλղӣһʱ䣬оȻΡ
֮ǰһ鿴λѧزأϲĪޱȣϲ֮õĳ˼֮УҲع
ҶЦƲദݣȴ˵ƷʵΪÿһ涼ΪۣݹԼĶ۷ǿߣ߶˫¶ʦλ䣬ȻÿһǿԼֻӣ˵ȴҲֻѡ
ΪˣԸްɣȴҲΪɻ󲻽⣡
Ϊ֮ǰ֣ἰԼ֮һ
ǲصĴʣ
ԼòƸǲĿ£
ȣǳĺ˻ʮ֮ǰĽƷɣȻʮлٶȾס
⻹ֹıʣҶЦϸԼڼ̫ೣ˾޷ȴǷ˵飬ڱ˿޿תĶ֣ƫƫΪԼĽ룬ĸд˶֣
ǿҵδԶ϶ңͻ֮λһ㣬и𣿡ҶЦڳ˼
ۺϽ֮£иݵģΪ𲢲֪ӵֻܹصֶΣҽգһθд֪Ķ֡
ˣ޳޶ܲܿҵδܲͻ֮λǰ;Ҫһֱȥġ
;һһֱߵͷǰʲôʹǵۣҲǻҪǰߡ
ҶЦü𣺡Ϊ˵ۣɥʧԼıġ
һң
ı䣡
ˣ
ҸתԵֻʱ˽һҵңҵǵʱ򡭡
һ֪ĸֵﳬֵ
ʮٻᣡǳλ쳾ֻǲ֪Ǹʱǻûд䣬Ҳ֪Ǹʱֽʲô֡
һټ
쳾ٻᣡ
һп֮ҶЦȻʧЦԼղҲ֪Ƿ̫ԼѼ֤Ҫߵߣ
ҩɽʯ֮УԼԵüۣＫ£ģԼǸġįЩһҲҪĳܰ
ǲ֪ԼղҪ˵ԼȻѾʶNҪߵĸˣ᲻٣ƲĲʲôģλǰ¡¡ؽӦҲߴŲڰɣ
ҶЦкܡ
λµ壬ĹУҶЦ˵һ޴ļʱ꣬Ǿúصưô꣡
ЩҶЦľĳ͡
һ
ô˵Ĺں쳾춼ڲһ㣻½ǰǡЩ֮ʹĲͬˡ
ѹҶЦЩ˷ˡ
ҶЦӿռȻ˪ºãĵǽһȻ졣Ůͬʱͬں쳾ͷʼ鵱ǲʤö١
˿ͻȻ۵һȻ˵Ļ⡣
ȻڲҶЦʱԸ䵭ԴǵϡԴ󲿷ʱ䣬һߣ¹˪λС
ˣ˪ºǺ㣬˴󾡡
ΪôʱܹˣһҲǷģ
ҶЦʱ˪Ǻʣ㣬ΪǸʲôΣ
ȻѾͷڸͿ͸ΪΡ
ЦЦҲʥԪƷӰɣ㲻ʲô
Ůʱһĸ۾ɵü󣺡ʥԪƷҵģ⻹㲻ʲô
ºԵúʧ䣬Դ˵Ψ˴ĺȣʱνƴټܹͬٶȣΪֹҲŸոͻƵԪƷѣĽ취
Ȼ֪Լٶڳˣ̾˿λҲмңҾֱԲˣ˵ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôô죬ûʲôҲûʲôŵرΪȴͻͽԼе¡ֽһֱڵģ᲻ʲô⣬֮ǰǴ̽˺һȴǲҪ졣
ڿˣڿԶһ£ΪһӦӵеȡģĽȣʹǷ췶Ծھ𡣡
ҶЦ仰ɵðͷ
зʶȷҪԼ֮ϣΪ̫٣ѾȷΪȱʧ٣øԼȴΪ޾ռԼ̣׽ָȵĸеǰľ硣
˪ºԪ׵Ϊ쳾죬ڵǰ̶ʱͽԪƷٶȣ
׿ЩǼ۵ߣЩΪĳţԱʽԴﵽĵز
ǵĳ̶Ȼ̫˰˪ͷɥʹ綼ԶԶߵǰߣѾȥľˡ
һЦѹص˵ôͿˣǴ̫ĿΪҩǣԾǡҪΪ£ֻҪľܹɵˣҪ׷Ҹò˶೤ʱ䡣
˪ºԵʱ۾һСԴʹ㣬˵òǻᣬҪǶ鵤ûʸûħۣ֮˵֮ķˡˣ㣬ûע⵽һ飬ǹľ⣡
һ㶣ʵʲô⣿λõ˵޷
˪öһۣôǣջ˪ȿڵԴӵ쳾ǵнȹȻȲϴ߽㣬ԾȻǺѸٵģҡͻ֮ʱʼûľƿұ߶ԣ״ƺ̫쳣ˡ
֣̽ʼԶۣƫƫǵǰιޱȣκƫ״ΨһĽ;ֻǵıľԶԶۣղŽᵽʣ˵ΪҩȻǵжʵǽҩѸΪҲǵĹɸӰ죬ֻ״̬δ;Υ̫࣬˼һ
һĿ˼βŵλԵ״ȴǳҵ󣬵ϸδزܣҶԣ֮Ȼ٣ֵ̽ĽӦΪŹǷȱֽ׶Թ٣ĹڻԵɺ±֮Ｋط̩࣬ȴľ档
磬ҲƵ״ֻҪΪ㹻ľƿ״̬˵ӦЩ߱ľΪԶϺ쳾Ϊߣ֮ΨǵĹȥߵˮ׼Żľƥ״˵ˮ׼õʲô̶ȣʱûжۣٽҵĿǰΪֹûдﵽޣ
˪ҲдмңƲ⣬ͬ˼Ƭ̣ͷϿɵȷʵ״ͬʱڽ㡢绹ϣһǱɷĴ󵨵Ľ鵤ҩΪˣ

ҶЦֻȻĻصԼ
ҶЦ˪õжϲɣȻ˪õľ㹻ܿĹǾԵҩǣ˪ºڵΪȻѾǷǳ죬ȽԼˣȻⲻǱ˵ԭ򣬵ʱ˲ԽԽĻ⻹ǻ֣һȻħ
ħһڣδܼʱԽΪĽȡ
ҩȻΪһݾҶЦ뵽һݾ԰˪ߵø죬ߵøȡλµ壬νǺ̺ѧ⣬УѰһʺ˪ºĹ
д˱֣βã


275 ǧ壡
ҶЦڵõز֮ǰϳ˹ж֮أ֪ҶЦԷĹز֮ѻĹ߱Ѱ޹ʤ࣬ѷɫĴУȽһЩš巽۵ĻҴУͲμˣ
֮ǰ˴ţǰ߼ʶ˼Ƽҵıõġ֮ҶЦԼն߾з֪ƫȷʵ΢֮ãȴԡ֮þеһĵز
ȻҪǿ֮ˣ統վսʹġ֮УôǳƤëȫȻҶЦ֮˵ڣ֮õñȽϾ˵λ䣬ҶЦΪǳλչֵʵȻ̾ȴ֪
λܹ֮ĿռƿطӵΪ΢ĳ̶ȣһܽĿĵ׼ȷλȫλ桢ռ䡢Ĳ죬ٵ½ں½֮ʩչܣȴطɣ˵Կռܵƿۣ˿˿۵ĵز˵˵á
ǼƲĿռƿأܼעĳһضռ֮ϣһռ䳤ǿܣɵ߷ܣĳɾȴǸӵ̾Ϊֹ񼣣
ҶЦۿز֮ҶЦ֪⡰֮챻Ϊռ֮ԭֻڶǿ֮䣬Ƕǿ߸ûʸԣǿ߽֮к󣬽֮򻯣ڸԼҺˣзǸҵĲ֮أڴŴ֮⣡
ΪؼĲ죬˽š塢֮Ķ
ЩҶЦǰעص㣬ΪԼеĹˮ׼統ǰ˪ºĹƽĶۣ¹ķǷҲϳķϳķǲ㣬ʼղǶ˪ƾ׹Ѵﵽ۷塣
ҶЦ֪ĶԼⱲȻ͵ķѾ̫̫ʵ֤Ȼ񹦣Ȼ֪׹Լ⹦汾ܹȥһʲô߶ȣ͵ǰѾչֳܣѾǶžе
񹦣׹ͬأ֪ȴ񹦸˼ߵۣĹ൱ĳɾͣ־ͣҲڡ֥ʹĥ¿ټ£û֮Ѹٽɡ֥ҩȫΪУ
ҶЦֽ׶֪ģԼ֮ӵ㿰ҿֹ
ˣŴеľӦѩ磬ͬɢ޵ĺѩˣĹȫ۷Ķ¹
ҶЦŵһ붨һһҹ
˵ڶ峿ҶѾø·׼ʱȴⷢҶЦǱ߾ûжǰ鿴ʱ򣬷ҶЦڴ˼ҲֻõȺȡ˼ȶĸ·㡣
һֱȵ磬ɫѽڵʱҶЦڴЦݣ붨֮ѹ
һ۾Ϳ˫ҵǵ
˪ºá
Ҷм仰Ҫ˵
ҶЦкһͶҲ˹
ҶЦһ£м߿԰Ұٳ߸ͷһ˱㱾ĹѾ㹻ǿ󣬲Ҫ֮⣬˶ɲοһͷĹѸǵԭйԣ԰š
ͷ˿Ϊ衣
֣ԭеĹȻ㶥ȴɫҾ߱ۼԳһҲתĻԦ񹦣һʱ䣬ȵͻƲ֮㵽ŹľͷΨеǸʱ򣬲תıҪ
ͷ¶ɫ˿ĲҵĹȷܰ;ϣΪһΪ뻨йأǴ˹û֮޾֮ǰĹǰȷʵǲҪתġ
бҪתйǶ˪ҶЦһ£Ǻ쳾ǧ춾֮ɣ
һȻԭѿҵĳʱǲЩ
춾ǧĶŹ˹ܾѣʹǵתֻҪӸⶾ˵һϢɢʲôףʴ˾һǿߣҲԿ
ȴȴ࣬Ԩúܣ
ҶЦͷ΢΢һЦ
ĵ֮ǰһֱʵһһҹʱλѧ˪Լѧȴ֪Ҫʣٽ϶ճ֣ǿĹˣ


276 
춾ǧһνټıҪ书ȴмϸƣҿӦûͻǸƣǰɾ;ֹڴˡҶЦ˵
˷棬ȷʵˡƺ£Ȧˣµı£ԭԼ᣻ȴա
һ̾Ҽǧ֧ӵܣΪøɸɾֻõʱеĸײѡԭҵĽΪĸ״֧ӵһϣȴȫ춾񹦵ԣǸϳš
ҶЦһ㶣춾쳣ѣܹȫ߿νһȴԸҩֲ㣬ʹȫҲʲôϡ£Ҫǳţ⡭
лѾõڶԴͷԴ汲ΪȨֵ֮ǽ˶ϡҲʲôǡĸΪܹ͵͵˿ⷿҩȴ֣ǻ
ҹΨһгһܹΪĸױֻ㹫ֻϧ£ȴһ޳ɡ˵£档
ҶЦͷΪֻҪ㹻ŬҿƾԼ𣡡
һȻ̧ͷҶЦãһ˵ܹԸ¡¡
˼ҪЧң͵ԼҶЦ£ﻹʲôģǿҲֻܸԵ࣬ȫ˵ԡ
һˣɵסˣʹ˵ȥ
ҶЦЦЦǾһֵܣҪ޽ĴڣĴĿɲֻԼһˣоֵܡҲһԱҲǸĴ޽֮ĵˣ
ȻԸ͸¶֣ôҽֻ㶾ˣҲϣǾܹһλھ쳾Ķ֮
һҶЦһɫ壬¡֪û˵
էⲿ˶ˣ¾ɲǼ䣬ϺɫԸӣ촽ڲС£
ͻȻޣӽϣˣһµĳϣˣ
һߵĻ¡ĸ֣ͬҲǲɵɫһ䣬ȫ𾪡
֮쳾У֮ΨУ
仰ڵĺ쳾죬ѾΪԶǰĴ˵ȻʮǰȴӽĴ档
£ⲿǺ쳾̸֮ɫĵһǵ걱ǳ£õĶϹ
֪λ𡱵ˣԳΪΪĶĹһ£Σν쳾̸ɫĳǿߡ
ֻλʾԼѸֻ֮ЧҵĲǳֻʸ
գλɥһλ£ھ쳾϶ҲʹӴ˾
ҲϿɣ붾һսеսۣΪθ߹ĻҲϱϷһλʵĶ
£ʹ˳˾죬ǵڣʮ¹ȥˣ˵ԾڵǿߵȦУϾľκǿ߶ݡ
˭ҲõݾȻҶЦ֡
ϾݴеˣʱδزһλǶ
ҶЦǰǿ壬ˮһ̣ƽɽڵأҶЦ˾ŸͷŲ˫֣ǿɫ˹ȥ
ֻǽʶ̽һƬ̣ɫȴԽԽ죬ľϲɫ
̧ͷҶЦѾǳ˳𾴡
һΪ˸ͿأǣΥģزݣ
ⷬȻûе˵仰ȴѾڶĵ˸
һزݣȴģģ
ĶΪŸ֪Լ֮ô˾Ͳ׸ˣֻ֣ŬҶЦ˵Ϊļҳǲ֣һжҪԼŬԼӵ㹻ȥоϣ
лˣ
Լȫȫȫȫ飬شҶЦÿһ仰ÿһ֡
ˡֵѾͷղûкż˰ɡҶЦĵЦЦ״˪ºԴһµҼ˼Ƚ֮£ڿȷԭ»˫һ񹦡ǶԲõĹ


277 
˪һ񣬵绹иõĹ
ʵ¹»ѾǼѵõĹ˫һķ˺ޣһ״ԣʵǺҵ֮ʺǵĹ
ҶЦ»񹦹ȻǵĴʣнȷ沢ռƣһ׹ʱʱһһ˸˸˴˴ٽÿһλļ϶ѭΪǱ˴Ĭ޼䣬ٶƾʮ
ҶЦո˵ǱѾ𾪵˼ѿڶԵľô
仰ѿڶ
Ȼ߲˵ǱĿſڽޱȣȴԼҲ𾪵ˣ
ֹȻԨúܣ׹Ҳ˽⡣ҶЦʱȤԼֻڼز֮Уǡɷһ쳣ʺ˪еĹԼпĹϵ伮֮Уȴûκμء
ҶЦȻܹжϳ׹˪ãȴ֪׹һӦƹʡ
ֹ֪Ź껹Ǻ쳾ĵһ񹦣һֱƲλֲһ䡭
ഫΪ̣Ҫͬ޴˹Ǵ֮Ϊѣ
һ˹ر˴Ĭִ֮ʵ֮䣬߱൱ǿ黥ͨ˲Ǵ񹦵ĵһ
ôֻҶЦҲˡ
ҶЦȻҲزе֪˹ĻҪȴûϸоϾЩ˪òѶȿԣ˼󣬹ǻ˿ֻ̣»ѹҪ
ֹЩҪضѣѵĻں棡ʵӸղž˵ĻУѾ͸¶ⲿܾҪּڣΪȴַÿһô򵥣ÿ˶ҪķȴҪ෴һ־ͬʱһ־һ֮ٵߵ߶ɼ»ҫҫ»Ա˴˴ٽ֮Ψˣάͷȫһ˲ܹͬʱͻƵʱ½ڣͻʮΪ
ǲһ㶼С
Ĭȴ츳Ĭ
Ȼ˹ҪȻ˿̣ЧȻҲͬ죬С˵ͬʱͻʥһƷôڷ˹е½Ч֮󣬿һϵʱ䣬Ϊʮֱ̣ڽڹ֮УͻƵʥƷ
죬ѾЩƲסԼˣҲ˵ͻʥһƷ͵ͻʥƷȵͻʥƷżҲ͵һ˲䣬ѾʥƷΪ
ôǿ˪ºֻ۾⣬Ѱ
ҶЦһ֣ض˽꾡͸ſֱָҪ
ɫʱһҡҡͷ꣬лԵһ񹦵Ĳƪʱ㻨˰ʱоϾഫһָľʹɢͷҲʹΪϧҶ෬˼УյõĽǣ˹ԵĪ˵òһ۰צȫҲôǿֻԱС
õĲƪУŲּ٣ش˹нԼӦõǽ϶ˣҶƪ񹦵Ҫּ֪ȷʵ٣ȴ֪Ȼ֪ȻҲν̸ֽ
ҶЦԴϲȻƪķ䱻ղ֮ڣȴǼеĹֻΪ̫ϧűղأʹǼ˶Դ˹֪Ҳǲ࣬˼ʾлԣ̫ˣ뻨ֲߴͽ̣˵ձ㽫زߵݸ
Ų˵񹦡Ѹٽز߷һ飬ȴֽز߻ҶЦŵеز߽֮õǲƪȫ˺ֹʮеļȴ֪ȫһһǣ봦֮֮塣
˿ҶЦһ١
ȻҶЦ⹦Ȼ˵ãȵñ֤У
ҶЦһЩΣ֪ôʣô˵ΪԼѵλãǻǴŮĻܹʵóڣ
˵ˣ˪ÿᣬʵҲǡ΢ЩĴˣ¹ιԼλʥŮ֮⣬˵ȲԽ䣬Ǹʲô
˪ºҲѾ˴첼ҲмңЩнβ˪һǣȫϡ
˿λҪ߱˴ͨһǱ˴黥ͨԽ޼Խáһ㣬ȴǺжϣжγԣʱûнչĻֻ¾͵á


278 ʺϣ
ҶЦһЦһð죬ֻʵ鶼Ҫʵˣԭ»˫һ񹦣˫һĹǲ⣬ɢ޵Ĳ趼ʣ¡
ǲɵĳ˳顣Ȼû뵽龹Ȼôɺϡ
Լͨ񹦵йϣѾɵ飬ҶЦԤ׹߻ܹ񹦣ǻС˵ʵôɵ飡
ȴһ㣬Լ߻ɺϣҶЦѡⲿȴδɺϣϾҶЦ˪õ츳˽⣬϶ѡΪǵзţ
еĹؼǡʵ㵹ǲбйδ֮£ɾΨͬʱ𾳽磬ǾƲġ
칦һЩضĽƣҶЦǰеĴͯӹǲһʧȥԪ弴ʱɢųɣȻҲƵĽɣ
˪ºͷⲻʲôмõģҴ֮⣬ﻹһöǽ˵ĿģΪ˲ȣ˹ܹǿﵽ𾳣ȻҪҪ
˵֮˪ͻȻһ£𾳽磿Ǹʲô磿ǱʥԪߵвΣӣ
ҶЦͬʱһ¡
κ֮£ֻΪŮ춥ߵʵ֣Ǻν𾳵ĸ
ڸĽ˵Ҳéٿԭ쳾컹ľ磬֮ǰû˵˵Ĺªš
ۣ񹦼ԲΪ磬˵˹ٿ𾳣ߣ硭Ͻز߸ǰ˪ҡҶЦֱۡ
º˼֣ĿȴҲҶЦϵزߣ
ͬ˪õԾԾԣҶЦЩԥˣΪˣ˻˵֮󣬱Щ󲻶ˡ
𾳽磬Ͳ
ôԼ˵ĻҪϹ
ôԼںһ׹һ浢˵ഺõҸ
Ҫ֪ŮڲֻԪƷʥԪһ·ҪߣʥԪǸһ·˵֮ĳ𾳣
Ĳ˵ֻ˵ɫĳ𣬿˵͵ӶǿߣǾ֮ΪߵһǰǰʮҲûͻ𾳣˵ǳ۷ǿߣ˵㣬ڳʧߣ
£ֻΪͻһȣ㹻
ô˪º𾳽磬Ҫ£
Ҳʮ꣬ʮǧ꣬ҶЦҲʾܽܣ
ֻһ룬ҶЦԼгС
˪Ҿã׹ҲǾĺʺǡҶЦزߵֿʼ顣
Ҫ˪ºͬʱгһһңͽҶЦرסǾҪⲿؼΪѡؼ
ɵѾͷд󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣܲһֱߣҪԼļͥԼԼҸǵһӵҸǹˣӵģһʱһ֮ڣ統ûѡ񣬲ò޲Ĳ·治
۽Ǽ˵ʲôʲôͲ·ˣʲô޲ˣݹۺ쳾ҲϼľôĽҾû츳ûҪʣͿźˡ
ҶЦأԿĵȰҪۻİ취ﻹкܶܶϳ˹ҲиʺǵĹоо
ҪǾҪ
˪º۾ӵˣҪ
ҶЦΪѡ
磬˵û޸ˡ˪ͨ죬Ƕԣ޲ȥõġԶź硭
ţĳһͣ͵ʱ̫ˣ˼ɶѵ᲻Ҫ𣿣ºֱڿ죬࣬ͻƲ𾳽ʱ򣬸統С檺ˡ
˵˵ҶЦܻСѾͷƬӣֱô򣡡
˪ǱȻ߬סҶЦеزߣ硭͸ǰɡ
ҶЦأϷ֣زԸȫΡ
º֣󣬸źͻأſ죬ҶЦֱҧһڡ
ҶЦԴȫȻһۣƲһɣ˪ѾǾزץԼѸײڶ֮Ʋɵ漴֮˻
ڻô
ߣ


279 
ҶЦ״ŭ
Ͳбˣ˪ͷһͦظ
òãҶЦ̡
ͲãҲãº졣
ҿѾͷǳӲˡҶЦŭ״վҲ
һԹۣ̾˿
ǰһסҶЦȰϢαؽôۣҿ˪λδػͣͲǰĿܣ룬˪λñҲмң֮ʱδؾѷɫ٣˷֮ûʱƾԭĹԾڲʱԪƷҵδڹֻ»и
ǰǴľķƫλãλõĲԵλⲿΪǱߵֶθΪȻ١
ǰ˵Լձ˵Ҳ˾ôλþѷҲͲ˰ɣԴۣǵ𾳽磬Ҳò˶೤ʱ䡣ڡ񹦵лǰ˵ô߷λиҲ˵˵ˡ쳾ʱʱΣ壬Ҫһʵˣȴôס
ˣ취Ҳٰαھ͸Ѿͷ޿ģ㲻ģҲģΪ˱˴˺ãαأ
һҶЦŭࣻȴͷоһĲʹ죬һһһԼ¸ˡ
ǿôã
˪º滨ĿԼǰ֮ɫҶЦҲڳ̾ˣ
Ĺĵһƨ
֪Ǻˣ˪ºһΪЦأԹ飬ȴѾųĵЦݣ޲ɷ
²һ̾

죬ԭ̾ĵ̣ҶЦ˵ʱϢ֮ء
Ҫת޶µķš˪ºͬҪȰڣ񹦵š
ҶЦԼǺģÿ˶ƿרΪĵ񵤣ʱס
ٽȥļʱ˵ߴ˪ºռݣзӿͬһ㣬߼߻ۡ
֮µĵطĶ˷߻۹
Ƕȡɫأɶĵһķ
صٻֶΣȴǷӳĪãÿһʱÿһ̣к۵ɽߣ綾ڡ
һϴȥ
ʮ۽⼸ĳԱ˳ԳˣһÿһԳʮΡ
Ķʵ̫ˣ
ⷽԲǧؽ֮ڣϷɵģߵģصġ
еĶ棬еĶȫһɨգ
󡭡
賿ʱ֡
ٶȹʼʩʩչٻĶؼնȻԶƮǧðȥȴûκһֻǰ
Ҳ˵ˣ֩Ѱ΢СҲûһֻ
ٳٻãʼһȻЦҶЦ
ûˣԲǧһ߱صĶûˡĻδ
չȻ˳µ廹ûȫɡ
µ֮ȡ֮תΪ壬ɫڰ׾ת֮󣬻ָΪɫгɣſжµ
Ҳ˵Զתմأ˵һز֮ɺɫٹһʱ䣬תʰɫתŴΣﵽ
ڶν츳߱صٻܹٻǧ֮ڵĶȫ
ǶôĶȫ˾֮ȴֻɵתѣ
ûУǰ涨ȻУҶЦվɽϣңԶǺ룬ɴǰǧȥһؽ磬ȻµĶա
ʱ䣬νһʱ
ڴʱɽէȻĳХͬա
磬ǳɹˣ
˪ºǱĿޣʽ񹦵ž
֣֮츳Ҳãӵеؼθ߶Ҳã߲ϣҲյศˮɵЧ
ǹڻμѿ̵񹦣˪ϣ˵ޱϣɢ̶ʡˣֱӴԪ߲㿪ʼ޳֣ҲĹĴһžֳĳɹ
Ŀ˪Ϸ֮һ㼱۶˼ʵŮǺϳһ׵ĺڶ̺ԷһǿƳǵĽ֮У޾


280 
棬ͬʱһĶһĽ
ԼĶ¹ȻҲǶһָľͽȴҪԶѷɫԽãȴûκε飬񹦶Ҫ࣬ޱȣճֳЧȻҲǾ޴ޱȵģ
˼Ҳһ𺳣Ȼ֪ǿףĿãȴҲû뵽ǿȵزۿżȻɽХԴԴϵĳ˪º壬ǰֻһ˲ѾŮΪͬ漣һ
ԪƷһ·ֱʥԪס
˪óططЧ˺󣬽˾ˣȴǳڳ˵֮⣡
ҶЦ˴˶һۣȴһģ
˪ܹտ֮࣬˲ʱƷͻԪʥԪĽޣ񹦵ɾ޴󣬵ȴַȫǴ˷֮
κķЧξ޴ᴿĹξˣʼҪ߱ļޣľ帺ȵȣҶЦ֮ǰ̽ľ־裬Զ쳾챾ߣĿǰʥԪƷ֮ȴδľͣ˪õ״Ҳˣ
˴θҶЦ֮ǰ൤ͬãĹǿӳˣȻ˴ĹЧŴһĳ̶ȡ
ߣֻҪ˪ñľδҶЦĸҩ㣬Ĺľ˽ǿԸƵģ
ҶЦȷ㣬𺳣
˿̣εӰͬͶɽϷһĳ
ǿƳҶЦС
ҶЦЦŮһתģ
˴˪ºһҸ֡
תѵһؾأת֮ɻľǳм̹Բں˳һһأŮ˵֮͡Ҳ˵ӽ쿪ʼһ̿ʼ˪ºõǿ֮·ʽ
ʱ˿̣ܹΪȣһܹæĳǿߣŮģо޴㡣
һߣЦ
˪ÿһѾСǲСϹˣҶЦߣǳֳһ磬ϧÿһСŮ״̬ϤǵĶԣ𺳣ȴͻأֻۣΪǵһоٶǳԱģʸ๣
ͬо޴ջ˾޴ĻҶЦСĹѳζûٽĳٵѧﻵˡٶйĹӵأһֱڶо޲̱ĳ˵Ļﲻ
˪ʽţһͻͽָտɴԲҲֻʱ⣬ڻķҲ泹ΪԾɱȲͷԾɳǵ˸оֲĽٶȡ
ֲĽٶѹ֮£ҶҲʼһֵŬ
ԼôĽָҪǻԼŮѹȥʢĳ˶Դ̣
Ҫ֪ػᡢ˪õ⼸ʱ棬һΪٶͻƣȻʥԪƷ۷壬ʱͻʥԪƷ
һ״أֲĹӳɣȴҲǲϼ˫޼ΪĹ͡
Ľٶȣ˿ֲ֮⣬Ҳʵݴˣ
ɻҶٸоԼܵ˿ǰս
ɶϱѹȤϻѹǻˣ
ʵҶЦΪĽٶͬƿֲѾͻƵʥԪƷ
ľٶȣκҲҪ̾Ϊֹ׾ֻ̾ϧĽȣҶЦ˻ǲ㡣
ΪȽĽȣȫײøҲýָȷʵǲģ
ûбȽϾû˺˱ȽȻ˺
ڶҶЦԣ㵱һ죬Ծɻġ
ƫƫ˼˪ϣ˪ºڸı˹֮ΪνֱԿ˷쭽ĳС
Ѿͷͬ۲ͽգ۾ͻƵ״Ա֮£ȻԼȣ⣬̫ˡ
˼öͻ֪㲻һͷײҲüʮѪ
˼ǧ궼δܹͻһƷǲĹͻλȻ
⡭ֱǡ֮
ǰ֮·쳣ƽǧ·ҶЦȫ޾գżһЩС־̸鷳һ˵
ֻö棬ܹ㶨֮
˾ǰöɽԽԽͶ˪º飬ȴԵԽԽǳء
ռݺһͷöɽ̾һͷ


281 ʮ鿪ʼλ
ͷʵǿᣬ֪ǿߣΪͷӣɥ¡
ǿ߻޽Լ֮ǰﾭ˪ºԣǿɾɲǿڣ
˵ĵǣҶЦû˵һ䰲ĻֻһζŸ·
ϾҶЦжڣôҲǸ
˴֤ǸĴʱ
ΪҶЦĴ֣һ·ֵǰ壬أȫ¡ǻ˪üɵֵǽĴţԼ֣Ըף¾
ҶЦһÿһضͣ졣
ͣĿȻΪ˶ǺΪԴķԲؽڵĶ棬ȫһ򾡣Ķ¹˸֧Ԯ֮ڳɣ
ʱĵĻǶ˪ºãõΪʮͬһ㣬ڽڰθߣһ·ʥԪһƷͻƣȻʥԪƷ֮
ۿõĽЦޣԼת϶СɣΪθһƷʥԪƷ֮ô˵ҲǸЦģǿ˪õĽǰ󲻹ʮʮʱ䣬ԭԪƷһ·ʥԪƷȳɹͻƺԼҪߣĵЦˣĸޣ
Ļл˵߸˵ǻָ빦ȷУڳߺ쳾ķ֮󣬻ҶЦĵ񵤣޸֮ڵవˣָ֮ʢ֮ʱ֮ʼղ־ƶʹñʢ֮ʱƷ׵ʵһ·Ʒ۷壬Ǿˡ
Ȼ֪ԼҪҶЦԼ൤񵤷á
ʥԪԪڱʵĲ죬ٷܹߣ뵱֣֮ߵΪͻƣ޲Ҫµۣ绨㣬ʮµʱ˼ŵҩֱֱϵģ顣
Ĵֱֺ̼֮Ǻˣ˪񹦿ųһϷộҲ֮УԼôҲǸãϷˣעϱ˱Ƚ΢ôһ㣬ԼǱϵڱͷϣȻҪĵĲð
Ҫ˵ģˣʲôȥԼǿǲԵԼȻ飬ĵĲٵ
˶˷ܵԸӣоԼͻΪһ쵽Цúϲ£졣˶֮Ӧɭɭģȴ֮£ȻһС
ҶЦԽԽ˳ۣôô
һôõĹôĶ︨дѴѵ鵤ЩŸҽһƷҲٷϲһ㣿
㲻ҽ٣Ҳҷ˽ˣҲһһǧҲ绨һϲˣôҲáŶû˿ԱȽˣʧʧ󣬷СӾǽ̫ˣ
ҶЦεжεĽ飬ʼǣ˶ҶЦضԽԽɻ
ΪǵλЦˣʱչֳȫ⣬֪صֶΣ
ϬĴЩѱļһһҶЦͺèһ㡣
ûУ¶ԭΣ¾
⡭
⵽Ϊʲô
߾٣٣ҲиͷݵĹ̰ɣôִô
𣿣
һ·ǰߣԽоҶЦǲصĹ⻷ԽԽأҲԽԽŨˡ
ռС
ϡţһɹɲͬϢ˷С֮Уڶͷλãһ˿ɫԽԽ
ٹΣɫ֮Уγֳĸͼ
һһֻӣһͷţһֻ
ĸͼÿһҲָֻͷССɰ֮
˿ⲻΪֻҪĸͼʱͻ뵽ͷһưԵĳ
ֹãȵĸͼ۾¶εϲŵèڿռֺѲӡ
ӥһߣ۾ĽעŶ
۽ǣڶҡͷβèһ̣Ѽڵأӭĳ١
ΨСԲмĺһٷɽԼľռ䣬Ŵдҩ۾
޾ռ֮ڣҲֻСĽĳġ
ΪľռڣСԱѾ
ģôҲ޷ˣԲȻҲ޷в㲨ˡ
ءĽ
ЩЩ壬Ȼ϶һЩ齨ʮĹλΪǿ˵ġ
ʮ飬ʼ𽥹λɡ


282 һٶ
ҡҡβͣתԶȥ
ҶЦ֪޾ռ֮УռŴ֮⣬ȻֶһصССռ䡣
˿̶ԱСһƬŨֹССɲǼʧ
ССռ档
ԼǰʮλԵ漴ҡͷβԵ־
ಣһֻССͺͷϷ˳ȥȻһλϡ
漴ͬһ㣬һҲˡ
ȻáţССӰ׷ױĳ˦˳ȥλϡ
һƬɽХ彫ȥʹûĸС
žһµϢɢ
ƬȻĳصܹӵ£ǷƷ
ڱΣӣŵ˳ȥ
ο϶ܰﵽ̫æˣΪǳԷܣ罨ʮ顭ţȵʮۣġµʱ̡
ŵǸʱ˴־ͻ֪ԼҪôӦʲôܳɾϵϡ

ڶڿռһжʱ򡪡
ɴ״̬еҶЦͻȻоԼǰƵʾȻһ˲ƾһȫо״̬ǿԼġ
ҶЦϸÿһͻƣﶼһӡ
䵱ǰӡǴ¡η
ʥԪƷͻƵһƷֻһ֮ңʵ̫̫˿һСԵǰ˷޵оԵӣǷ޵ԭʥԪƷ۷壬ư벽ǰ벽֮㲻Ķ֮ˣҶЦ֣֮
ҶЦǳضԴһƷͻƣһƷϸ岽ֱΪڣڣڣ۷壬ͻƣ
岽ҶЦġ
ڣһ£һ£һ¡ơ
֮УΪĽоΪ׶Ա־ҶЦٴηΪΡǳڵĳڣڣڣÿһ׶Σʱʮ졣
ʵ֮ʱҲǳڵĳڣҶЦԼнȵóһۣǾԼнԶԤڣԭԤʮʱԼܹɣ
Ȼ˿̣ڷ仯һ˲䣬ͻȻһ˲䣬ҶЦоԼֻҪһʱ䣬ܹǵһС
һֻΪյı仯ԭ
յǰ״ҿԳȥĻԼԭʱͻƣڻֻҪ£ҪһЩ
Ⱦ˱仯ҶЦôܲĪ
Ҫ֪Լ񹦵Ĳ㣬ûκͻƵļء
ôı仯ͻأأ
ȻҶЦѰ˺þԭȴʼûеóۡ
ǹ巽棬ռ֧Ԯ棬鵤棬֮ǰ˫޼ӳɶڣ֮涼ûг״ôǰ״ɾ̫Ѱζˣ
ٰ޹ҶЦֻͷһɵԼ֡֡
ʲô֣һʵ
ͻȻˡһҶЦҡҡͷһԻƣԭȣȶȷ֮ڣͻţ˵һ˳ĻڣͻȻһҲ˵Һп֮󣬱ͻƵǰ磬ⱾǺ£ѾɣȴҲԴͷҲԴͷڣѰܹȷ˴ȫޱ׶ˣǾùŹ֡
Աߡ
ͻأĿһһͻȻǵͨ졣
Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˵첱Ӵֵһĭͷ죬һ
ôģӡĲô˵ϵò̫̬죿ˣ̫ɶһˣ
Ǹʲô˳ĻͻƳҲۣ
ȻǸʲô֪ʲôԭͻȻͻʱҲ֮һ룬ҲҲۣȻЩ˵ѾǷˣΪһߣͻоȻӦ֮⣬Ϊ֣
˾÷߿ջĻУǸʲôܹȷ˴ȫޱ׶ˣǾùŹ֡ƣôĶȷûб׶ˣ㻹ҪŹ֣ʲôҪô
ôĻ˻ˣ
찡ذɿۡ޳ļһɡ
ٶȱ˻ã㶼ȷûб׶˻Ҫ˵ʲôεķ˸ۣ㲻ڹҫɣ
ҶЦƵ÷ۣ΢ĩΪһõҫһӲʹˣ
ʱͨ죬޺޵šһѡ
ҶЦ֪ǡ
Լ˸оٶȳֿ״̬ͬʱǱߵĸÿڣãããţ֮ˣҲͬ״̬
ڳʮ֮ҶЦնԼķÿ֮˶ȡһξѪġ
ҶЦڣ˭Ҳû̫࣬ѪΪ˱ǽԭʼֶΣֻһξѪʲô
ڣˡÿ˵ٶȣԭһ


283 ϣ
Ľڶʱڻ߻ʲô̫ı仯ʱĸÿȴԽÿ֮ϣ
仯˶˼⡣
ˣϸ˵ѾϰԼΧԶʤؽ磬ڷҳǾ֮ܲڣ紫˵еĸض죬˵ʥأÿ˵ȶҪԭʮϣȿһǧ˵Ĺʶ
ᣬţȴͬʱóԼнȾ֮ǰĻϣһ˵ķΧһ֮ĸо⣬ӦǸԼÿйء
˵ȴʵ̫޻Ҳоһ£˭Ҳû˵ڡ

ܲ
Ǳ״̬۾ϵϣȻ¶һ˿Ρ
۷壬ҪͻƲ𾳡ԼΪԼľȱ裬ֻǷ㹻Ĺֲۣ֮ⷽĲ㣬Ͼߵʵ̫Ũˣ֮Լǰȥеؽ綼Ҫóɫ
ʱ֮ȴεĵóһۣȻǲģ
˵õȴҲǲӦ˵ԼЩ֮УĵԴʵ̫ࣻԼԴ㣬ô֮Уȵò꣬һ㹻Լͻˡ
ڵȴǡԼȵþۼֲԼԴȵ֮󣬲̸ͻơ
øԼṩɺıǮ㣬ΪѣȴҪ൱ʱģһԼԪ㲻ˡ
Լĺʱڹ㣬ǿˣȴҪȵĩβпܿͻƣ
ǡ£ʵָ߶ԣȻʵɲ֣翵һʵһҪʱ̼
ֻеѹԽѹ
ľȻ
ΪԼ;ĩ·֮ʱҶЦʵǲԵʱתδڣһתͱ˵˵ˣȻҪһ
ѵҪң
Ҳģһͷȥ
ȴó𼸺һ˲޿ȻеŲʣȴȻ
̧ͷʱ򣬳ݷ·һ˲һ㡣
һǣĵ׵Ƿͻ˲޷Ŵ󣬴ǲھУȴܱ⣡
ˣˣϷȻءЦһѵҶţˣǶס֮ǰܵ˶ʤ죬ܾϣȻˣֺʤ죬ˣˡ򸴺ԣ£ΪҶһݾ֪֮֮ɡ
һ̾
浽һգԱܾԪ֮һ御ɢ֮СҲҳһ󡭡غ˼ţԽԽǱԽԽûϣ
Ȼ뵽ʱͻȻ䣬ʶ
ܲռ֮УէȻϸ΢絴Ĳ
˼أûڵһʱ䷢ڸоЩˬ֮󣬻ָ˼ѣһ͵طӦסڲķ磿
վϸ鿴
мλãȻһűɫ
ǱԴǣôôŨıԴ
һ˫۾һӾ͹˳Ӿ
Ҫ˵Դòϡ£ǰŨıԴȴǰδǰŨ࣬ҡչ¶֮ɫ
⡭
ǰʶΪԼ˼Ϊħţ˻þеȻѾУȴҲ϶ϵǰȳ̶ȣŨԴʹ쳾ҲǾ޽У޵ģ
ǱܵһԪ
ϣ⣬ʹ޵ܶԣֻҪһϣҪһԣ
Ȼ󡪡

ֵűԴƺҵйһ㣬Է֮ˣų߷ӵ֫ٺȫˣʱȫޱߵ֮С
Դ˱仯ȫȻĴٲʹ˽Ǳ޾֮С
á
붨֮ɴؼһԼǰ״̬ͻȻϲ˾Ȼסˡ
֮ͻȻϣϮޱէĿתʵ̫ͻأ˴ֲʵҸ̫죬̫̫ͣˣ
ǻڲϵıԴУ̲סһԷð̲סХ
ϣˣϣˣ
ݺᡣ


284 ֵܣ
ͻȻ䷢仯ԼٶȣȻƾһ㣬֪ͬԭΪΣĳô飬ҪѰʵףȻҪû˼ĥЩеûģ˼ʵΨһǣֻҪһʱ䣬ԼȥͻƵıԵ
һȣ
ľ꣬ԼѾȫ߱
Ҳû⣻ǰΨһǷȱģֻһĻ۹̶ѣ
ڣһʱ䣬Լ
һʧ
Цȴˮⱼ

ͬܲĲ꣬н򸾣ս\ɷˣͬһʱ˷һ仯
ٶƾһ
һ
ЩȻȵԸӡ
⹦ûʱûĥ仯Դͷꡢнǰʵ߿ɲУǶչ飬صáááţõ״̬ӻˣ߸׼ȷһ˵ǵнԱõ˿࡭
ȻЩ˵ΧҲõ
ȷͬʱȴҲй۲ÿڵ״ֲ̬ûʲô仯
òоˡ
ͳһӣϰÿԴ漣Ĳ˵ҲǶôԽܡ
漣ΪϰߣϰΪ漣δزǳ̬
״ȴǳμԴòеĺȻﵽ˼㣡
Щ飬Ⱦ˻һҪúõĻ㱨ԼȫͷܲҲ޶Բ߰ɡ

ڲǶ֮أ֮أص׵λáͻȻһصСռ䡣
էȻֿռķǳСȴǳ¡
ڿռ棬ȻƵһĶ
һСȻСָֻͷСȴȫߡ
λγһֻСһֻСãԼһͷСţ
㶼ΩΩФ
õڲȻ죬ĲҲԳԷֱķȣšӵεأԭ㱻

ԴҶүԶΣʱľЧʿǰͣһֻʥΪߣϾľż̫߶ˡ
֣ʱһֱڷչ޽ڷҳ֮еľܲදҶƶµҶҾȻǰҲ磬޹
õȺͲҶƶӵʵܹġ
һΣɴһХֱǰҶҾٸ־ء
һХ㹻һХѾ˳ߵʵ¶ţͬǿߣûأ
Ҷƶ˶Դ޿κΣۡ
ǲԮϧ˶ԽԽĮ̬Ҳ滯Ͳ˺Ƥˡԭڡ˵ҶҷˣѾ·ϣ
ҶˣҶҾĺϢҶƶ˱ˣȴͬǽ쵼λ֣֮ۺԼʱνʵǡΪǲĿ

ҶЦȥص·ϡ
ʮռݵĵؿ
һĵڣͻȻоǰէһľޱ䣬˶˾𶯣Ҳ΢΢
Ǹ֮ս䣡Ȼһ
ȳ̶ȵĽսίʵѾȥ˿֮ĵز
⣬Լ֣Ҳѣǰ֮У˭ڽսأ
һȻǺһ˭أ
⣬һ˳˶֮⣬˶ܹشΪ
һĵȻգһ˫޶Ե֮Լһޱ޼ʵİԵ
ҶЦ۾һͻȻһХն𣬻ص졣
ԭ쵰Ȼ
ҶЦĻϲĹЦͬƼһնŴ򶷵ķ쭶ȥ
ഫһ֮ĴЦҶЦ벻һûߣȸնֻӣѾԻ
ҶЦһЦǸɣһֵܣоһȣкһն
Цã
ҶЦѳֳ״̬صΣһʧǰ
ղţƶٶȻҪ죬Ƕȼ٣Գ޵ռٶȣٳԮ
һԳƸ磬ҶЦһ䡮㣡˵ȴǡá
֤ڵսУǴ·磻ҶЦ˵Ҳδػܰ
Ȼ˼ʿڳԮҲҶЦˣԼֵܣԸ񣬾սҲ˰æģ
Ϊ뵽һ㣬ҶЦٶȣٳԮ


285 һն

ɽ
ΥֳֺУƮɣ֮вϷһŲõâһ䡣
ߣһϮµѩֳ˪ͬӣ裬磬һشط
ҶЦһ⹫ĸϲ֮࣬ȴмַգԭ򵥴ֱ⹫ĸʵȻԼ֮£
ҿˣ⻹ûеˣ
ҶЦһʱĿ࣡
ָN̻࣬ɥĲټӳټศ鵤ԪúģߵЩôôݡ˪ѾͷԼؼһƽһǧľͲ˵ˣĪ񹦣ʲôټӳ֣΢Ҳˣĸʲôֹ֮һԼ߶Լƽ˵ԼΪͻƣʥԪƷҪǹĸȥ
ֲøղԳƸ磬е
ΪҲ֪ǻ뵱ԼĴ磬Ȼ˭Ҳûɶ𣬵ĸов𣬻ǵĸˬ
šԺõŵʱ˵˼ʴеǰսΣ˵
ĿǹĸԵеģһֻɣֵľͺӣһҺĽɫëɷĿ
ֵһ˳ǹһжȴԵࡣ
Ȼͷʵ򸾣ѣȲ֣ռš
ȴ򣬲ʤֲҪĿġ
һХҶЦӰѾսϿգէǺӺģҲΪ֮һͻ
Ҫ֪ڵΪΣԼǲˮ׼ѩҲӣ֣Ȼɲͷӣ
ҶЦ֪΢֮޵УһУǺ쵶һޱܹս
˵ͷʵѾߵһ൱µĵز
СȴҲ̫ûϢ˰ɣһֻӶУԳƸ磿ޣ
ȻԼѾսͬȫͬ٣ݣҶЦ̾ҲãȴѾԷǱ˳Ϸĳһ䡣
ѾٷϻžñطĿοϲΨȴһҲ˵ʱ仹ЩæӶˣ

նɱͷֻҪһУ㿴׼ˣҶЦһЦͻȻ˻һ⣬֣֮һŰصľէֳ徣
׽ƴӿֱֱ£罫Ҳһһ㣡
ţҲҪôûͬʱǴһͷֱһ֮ƣһ޻ض
ҶЦ˵һնɱȫŵģ
ͷʵ̫ǿˣԼֵ֣ܹѾ£Ҫ˵ʲôһնɱ
ҶЦһǾñطֵ꣬Ĳ˵ˡ
ͷһ˿мɫǹһᣬ֮ʱ㺮ǳ⣬һƾ
ɫڵһð㿰ϯɽ棡
֮УһԾչ˵ķˣеĳǹһֳִֻ̱ǹͷһɳ˸ɭȻ˺⡣
ңһȡ
Ҫģ꣡
֮ǰһֱû֣򸾱Ƶüˣ˭Ասͽ޹Ȼ˿ļһȻһչƴ֮УǸڴҲƴ
»
СȻʵ߻ҪʤŮһ׻ǳߣ󾳽Ĳѵֶ˴սʤؼΣ
Ȼľٷ˼ȥһ˲
ȴͻȻһ
ΪͻȻˣڸ˼ϣһͷССè
ֻССèһ˫۾ĮضԼ
˫Įһϣ
ϣֱ꣡
߽٣£
θҲӣ
ԴұܵһУǹȫ£漴
ԭɱ¾ǿԵУתΪ޻֣̿Լ
ۣ
ҶЦ֮ףֱӴ˺壬βƵķں漫
壬һ̾һװˮͬʱڶ⴩͸
ѪʹһͷѪ⬣
壬ڿͣһ£˿̵ľٲ˰
һ̣š顱һڵϣӲţȻͨһȥ
漴ôͻȻըһѪ
ҶЦϵĶСצƺʶ١
ޣʩչط֮ע쵶֮пʵһֱʩչоһѩʶβ֪Ĵ㣬ʵûʤֶΣֻһζս
ļȻϬ޵ҲȷеһУȴȱһٵأҲʩչеһ˲ۣѩΪȻҲǼߣȴƮΪǿİͶ֣⣬ֻãǶӦԣֵУȴһ˲Ҳȡ˼ҶЦΪȻѩʤȴǣƺϢȻʱʩչռУ
ܣҲΪܣǡ
ǣɵءʵʱôĲݵ
ȵȥǻᣬѾҶЦ֮ĩҲǺ廯޵һ̣
ԡþ˻һǰ޿ƥǿһô˿֮У
¡¡
һĴֱ֣ӱһʮɵĿϿȣһմߵǰɽҲֱ
δ˥¡¡һֱȥɿռ䣡
һ֮ίʵףҶЦҲҪΪ֮Ŀ࣬ԣ
ݣôģôҲ̫ǿ˰ɣҪǰһƶѿĺܣ
ݣ
ôΪ۵ıɱ֮ڿ֮УܵҪҪʵ̲סڣ
޵֮ǿ֮ʽһ㣬вУķɡ
޵֮Ǹۣ޵֮ҪƾǳУ޲֮ǣ¾޳ھ֮˵ͺ˿̣޵֮ȷʵ˺ۺκӦԣҲãмҲգӦзˣһʵʵӦУʵϵĽԣȴǺҶЦһһȫʬ֣ǣ۳棬֮оʹգΪԼз˳Ľһ˲ǿйأεļ֮͵Լˣ
ص㲻ڴ˺ôͷǿҶóӲҶЦһһҲûеġϣҶЦģֻǣƣǣƵԼ˶ѣȴû뵽ǡ
ҶЦһʵ̫ˣȻֱӽˣ÷ǣʬ
ռһȫ֮أݱ˱ɽƵ֣֮зķɸѪӿѹƣŲһѪ罫
˵ôܲƣ
ԼﱻͷסǰǰѾˡ
˼ҶЦһֱһ͸ˣ
̫˰ɣ
ԼôڵΪôҶЦԼǿôࣿ
Աߵѩ磬иոո˪ºȫ۾״ؿҶЦ
⡭̫ˣ
޽һԵĺҶЦ£ôһ
һʬ޴棬ҷˣ
⡭ֱ֮ǰɱͷȫ޿ܵҪô
ŵһ߹׶ȻըҶЦһģǿԹЦôģСؽ˿취Һ˰ˣһֱԷѹŴѾһֱˡ
˵˵ţĵ׵֮ԽԽΡ
Լǰ֮ΪԼ޷ĸ߶ȣܹҶЦǰһ£һ´չСܵķ뵽һԼͱȥ
Լˣ磬ҶЦԼǰ硣
ʵһһƤĴ㣬֮
װƲɷָ֡оɡ
ҶЦ˺ߣͷмһ˵ǵȻΪ㣿ôһֻҲô£
ŭ٣ñ˻ǰɣզأ
ҶЦбۣùң
ʱͷɥ˼Ȼ
Լ֪Լ£Ȳ˵ҶЦǰԾһô£ԼղűзɣԪˣڸҶЦֻбҶЦһֵ֣ķݣ˭ҲŰȻɣ
ҶЦЦһ־緢ȴͦţԪظҪģռһϷ磡
仰ѩȫ̲סһЦ
ɵ
˾ñط꣬Ȼ޾֮ϲ
ҶЦҲ֪Ļ֮࣬ȴྪ̾Լôû˼ĻԵ˵һ죬ԼһĿ
ԭԴӵ֪ߡĴ֮һ·Ǵ߸·ڰǰһ·վЩĸϢһ¡
ȻϢʱͷͻȻɽð˴֡


286 Ȼ㣡
ʱ޶ֻʥԪƷΪӵжǿʵĺսһᣬѾΪ̣Ķӣ򸾶ǹ߽Ĵмңʲ֮£ȥ
žʹ˷ǺȻҲ޿κΣǴɽȴǵմߴ˵֮صıؾ֮أһͨɽȥ˶ˣ򸾱ı͵ɹȥϧѣٶȳˡ
ޱƵһߴһˣһӡ
֮취ﻮµ͵·ߡ
Ҳ֪أһӽǺһܹܴɵ
ǣһ˶ѾƵ·ѩҪԱڻ֮ʣͷȻ¶һûɳֵ©
ֻһΣɺ֮ͣ飬κһ¶ԱͼǺһ©
һȻȥ
֪ͷǷ޵Ҫõ֮꣬еκһԱԸ򸾵ΪʵںвʱŹҲ޷ͬʱס˵ĻᣬԲŻ©
ȴΪͷɱԼֻѡ
ָ˼֮£ȻֱӽͷԼ󣬲ϵּµѹ߻ԼʦԼĹඥ
ò˵뷨Ҳʵ̫ˡ˼Һʲô飿˺㣿
ս죬ȻǱ̴֮߻ʮ֮߰ˣԶ˵ΪҲʥԪƷһҶЦҪΪ֮ۺĸ߶ȣ
˵ĲߣԽԽ£ҲԽԽͷϾĵδͻƣ˫˫ͻʥԪޣĻʤֻ֮¾ҪˣǺѾ˴αһγԣǲУǷԱҲҪ˻ɱǧֲһ֣겻ȫܺùһ겻գ
ҾʱҶЦˣһ֮䣬ͽնɱ
ɾ䣡
ںȻЩź
ϧˡôõһ֡˼Ҹɱңô졭˵ЦЦôôһ֡
ҶЦĿƿ԰ؿһ֮ʵ̾Ϊֹ׾̾
̫ˣҶЦ죬Ĵָıӵ£ķڷƨ
ôľȻΪڸ棬ҶЦ²ˣ˼ҰҪĻ꣡Ȼ˼ϧˡҵүҿզ˵źáô갡ʲôģǸ˵̫ңЩ̫ء
ֻҪҶЦһ뵽ÿλָͻƣͻɱͷд衱ҶЦͲҪһ
¡ɵӡ
ƫƫɵӵΪôߡ
дôΣȻûĳˡҲɵɵ
ĻţȷʵɵӣΪһߵɵӣ
ҶЦһͷߣһԼüġʵڲ֪˵ɶźãһɶ˼ʲô͸һߵɵӣڸһء
ҲһֿĿ´죬̾˿˵һҶЦĵ׻λֵѾ޽Щͷ˰ɡֱԸƢȻܲܽΪز
Щ֪ôǣβŵʵ쳾쿪ٵһĺ
ҶЦЦ
ӵ۾Ҫȴûз۾ݣ˼˰βŵȻûɶۣһ۵Űһ۵Ļ𣿡
һ仰۾ȻΣڴͷɥĵԣϧ˼޾ƣøһף
һЦ
һߡ
ѩ۾ע
ãڽ
ԭ㣡
뵽ģ
Ȼ㣡
ȻԱòˣΪƽеѩȴΪûмĿ뵱ȻΪ߾ֻҶЦŮȻΪߵףȫ񻰣ҶЦѾǸ׵Ĵڣٶ񻰵ŮҲʲô£Լջǽ֮ӵ˷ô
ڱչֵĹΪʲô񹦣͸ýˣǰҶЦСӸƹŮӲ岻߲ܣؼٴҲʲô£Ͼ񹦴ȱѲƹĲ֮أ
Ȼ˿һΪûпΣǷר񹦵ϢԼֶصƣڱѩ˳
Լɷõֵܵ檡ȻȻԼʱƽУ
ƽΨһУ

Ʈƹϣ
ѩһֱ֪컯ħһϸǳ࣬ҶЦҲ֪ҲԲ졣
Ψ»ʱѩҲ׼֮£ʧ˵֪һݵĻᣬһֱڣ֪࣡
һЦѩ磬ϳˡ
ѩ֮࣬ŨŨ⣺⡭ôܣ㡭
һ죬⣬֮νԹ֮쳾ͲҪټˣһˣͽЦ
ѩأԵ۾ûлعʧ㡭㡭ôôʱ򡭡ҶЦС檣⡭
ѩһķ˼˵ԴԼͻȻֵˡ
ǸʱϺɨ˻ϣ޵У
ǸʱҶЦΪҲͱǿһɡ
ôôҶЦأ
⡭
й˭õ
һͨ죬漴¸ҵ̧ͷǸʱ򣬹Ӿҵˣʵ˵˭ܹ׸ģĪ
ѩ罿˻ΣַסԼǰһ̫ˡҡҪһ⡭һΡ
Цѩ磬֪Ƿ񻹼ǵãҵһսҴһֱ˺½һս빫Ե㣡
ѩŵ
һս֮󡭡ˣƶˡ򵥵˵һ£ȫʧΪɥȴҲǸʱ˹ӡ
ѩ۾Ȼﵽ˼㣬벻ԵȻԼһִٳɵġ
ǵܾˣ˻ԣԵɺϱҶЦˣôôн죿
ȻʱоһһģĪǰ
ǡ˵ýˣѩ򵥵һĭ
ҶЦٺһЦ˴˱˴ˣұĴý
ѩʱҲˡ
ٿĪľ˺ܶ࣬һȻһӡʤߡζ
ţǵģʤߵڼ
ڹȻҵ˸Եˡ
Ȼԭλһģڡޡ
ȴǱ˵С檡
ţбʵĲͬΡ
ߣֻԼҶЦǸСӣＰԼרһ
뵽һͬʱȴ̲סΪϣ㾪žһ콾ĳݡءءҲ̫ί㣡
˵ţǷŭĿҶЦһۣƲƲ졣
ȻĳѩѾô򱨲ƽ׼ˡ
ֵܱܶרһһһ⣬ôôĴܲأ
ҶЦһؿһ֮ڲס
ʹһƲŮˣں쳾һʽ棬Ȼϧζأһһһ־ͬϲͬ˵ζأɲǺ°
Ӧöõġ΢΢һЦΪǶŮˡ
ѩ룬ڽǻһȻ̾Ϣ
ǵģԼȷʵǶõġ
սΪ̫أΪȥʧһʹѾͷҶЦ檣ԵҲԵ˺α仯ݸ飬ȴǸʱ˸
Ů˲Ҫʲô
ֻǱԼΪŮҸһ̣Ƿݸ顣
ʣУֻǸʱΪҶЦŮʱ򣬲Ҹֵʱ򡭡
ѡݣκκڡ
˵ǷҪҶЦҶЦΪʵԴĻǷƺǡɥʧ˵Ƕδĸ飬Ĳ
ΪѩԼ£ֹ£
Ҳ׵ġҶЦĽڻͷŻкľɫգҵŮˣĵҲı顣
ѩϵ˵һҸĵϵģ
һЦüۼȫҸ㣬лͬף
ãһͬףߣǾñطɵúú˵˵ѩƲһ𣬿϶ҪȴƣҲˣº𣿣
ѩɲ޵ķʸ齨ħ֮ʱһڳ˾ۼһγɵĿɱκŮηף
ԥһ£˿ҶЦҶЦĵͷڸѩȥŮһεĽ䣬ϸԳ
Ů˶ˣһ٣Цһ˦ϰ̳ƣѵþƷ֪ȫʹȣôģòȾˣ
ҶЦǰһͻҲüɫ衣
ѩµùȻû
˾ñط꣬ȻҪȴƣ


287 
˪ºûиѩһȥһһңҶЦߣҶЦһ˾Ͱæһڱˣȫᡣ
ƽȴ޼ƿʩ
ҶЦ˼ҵ׸磬Լϼûпɱԣ
һҹȴǻЦϣ˷

ҶЦǰһ̣ͷһֱһ⡣
˪ҵˣҵԼˣѩҲҵԼˡ
ôӦأ
ȥˣ
ӦҲԼϢŶ԰
Сѩأأƽأأ˳أ
ЩˣôȫѶȫޣ

ڽȥʱҶЦ޽֮Ű֮Ƶߣ
һҲŵǡ
ɽʮ֮еʮλҶЦһȫ£
оǡҶЦµľơ
֮Уѩİֻͬ꣬۾ֻʩԼϹϣΪеľƾȫű˺ȣŻȣŶȣ˫һȣȵûмܲסˣҲҶЦܳ
ѩ޷Թϣɶȵ޷ʩԼұ
ΪֻҪѩһԼһ׮׮˲ܾٷ꣬ʼͦԼ
Ǿһǵּ꣬ͷʼնȶܣȵ
һ·ϣǾ̫̫Ŀʹ̫̫ĥΪһշߣں쳾ֵط棬ôף
ˣʵǱ̫ѹ
ѵùط꣬ܲһأ
ѩʼնûֹÿֹʱ򣬶᲻Խ뵽֣Īϣܹʹʹ߸˵شһ
ˣҲͿˣҰȫˡ
ܹȫĵطһ¡һ¡
е뷨ѩ
ʹñط꣬˺ȴǾԲҶЦȥһƴģ
͸磬ǲܲģ
ˬһһ̳Ӿֱӹ˶žҶЦ򣬵ֵܣ糿Ҫˣ
ߣҶЦһ㶣עãڵͷã
ףף
ǸԼȥôھϸĹƶ֮£Դ
ھ񲻾ʹֵܱ¡
һ㣬Ը⣬ҶЦӲԸ⡣
˷ﱼ棬ΨһĿģΪֵܹ㾡һЦһپƣ£Ը㣡
ҪȾƵʱһ㣡
ҪȾƵʱҪȥң
ҶЦͷļ򣬵ͳģֵܡ
Цһ̳ƣࡣ

峿
ѩѾ뿪
ʵҶЦԼп޶뿪ȴһĻû˵ڣΨоף
ҵֵܣһҪúõĻţҪԶ˵Ļţ
ʵѩԣĵĲߣò׼ԼƽУҲһԼΪΨһܹԼŮˣΪһΪУһȽϣ뵽˵ȴ֪
Ÿո໥֪ģôþʹ
ҪߣѩҲֻøˡ
к쵶նƺ쳾ն̤齭ɽֵܹң
ԶֺĳХңң
ˣѾ￪⡣
ҶЦ߳Ŀ⼫ؿԶ

޽ɽʮء
ΪֹҶЦѾʮأȻؿڣʮعؿڲǴȻصС
µǼλڱԵ򣬻ߴĵλãЩط֮·ıؾ֮ء
ȻǱؾ֮أЩԼϢѰԼˣʮ֮˾ŶЩ·ߡļҪˣǰ;ܴ͵·ߡ
ôЩֶȥ
ʲôɣ
ᣬһģ
ҶЦ̾ϢһԼοԼ֮࣬ľ˼֮⡣


ҶЦһѾڹͷͣʮ죬Ĵ֮£ȷûоӦ˵ټʱҶЦġ
ߣڻûе˴ظٻʱɣ
ϣǰ־Ǳ۵ĵˣҪǰУȶԱøıһʱĳѵ
ǰ뿪޽ؽ磬һ巽۵ϽأҪܴ˷طԼԼ֮ǰߡĸߵĿŵ۶ԵУ͵ǰԣǵ죬ûбҪҲû塣
ҶЦͷȴûмʱڣǰһƬ̲˻
ҶЦȻû룬ҶЦһ㣬ڣԼȴǲʺϳ۵ĹϽΧ
ԼҽݣԼ֮ݣʡ
⽫ʱ󼸺һִݿķʽҶЦ޼ɵŰ޽һ㣬˶еġ
ڵľĳ̶ֳ˵ѾҡһһȻ
ȻڴﵽֵܻᡢƸ¥ĸ߶ȡ
ԹģԣȴѾԶˡ
֮Ǿ֮ݣֻҪ۵׵ҲˣֻǰǱһɱ˶ѡ
·߳ȥʱ򡣡ҶЦ۾ǰǾɱȥʱ򡣡
仰˵øƵᣬɵġ
ȴ˲оԼͷȻһ
ƺµĺëһ
ĿǰѾʥԪƷ۷壬볤ֻһţΪҪһͻƵľ񹦵ĹЧмޣѰ붥ǿߵķֽ֮ǰˣ
ҶЦ˪ºڵΪѾʥԪƷֻһͻƣͿһֱƷ񹦹Ȼ鴫
жҲĿǰ޳ɶ㡭ΪʥԪƷ˵ĲסҶЦŶд֮ɫ
ֻ֣֪ΪѾȫָ쳾߷ɶҲѾȫءҶЦȴֽ֪˶٣
ΪԶԶҶЦǶ֮ˣҶЦ͸ΪΡ
һЦȴ̲סͷǷϲо˸ĿǰѾͻƳڰޣ˳ڡ
ȷʵǽ٣ҶЦͷһ棬˼һ㵱ǰ٣е񵤵ĸػЩĻۣ쳾֮ͻľĽޣĴ̼£˺󣬾㻹е񵤸ΪֻҲδػܿ죬ԴĪҪļҪ꣬Ͼߵĵ̻һˮĥ򣬷Ǽпɵãʧȥƽģ³
Ȼһģ϶ϲ
ʥԪȣҶЦԣѰ붥ǿߵĲ𣬶˵һһ£ٳ֮ÿһλͻƶҪӴ֧š
ʥԪͻҪԪٱϵҪģʥԪǧϵ
Ĳ죬ν֮
ˣΪô
ǰ£ܿóҶЦΪˮ׼ͣʥԪƷԻҶЦʶԣĽȱѾǿˣڣȻԼȻܿ͸ҶЦΪˣ𾪲죡
ҶЦЦЦ񡭡Ӧǡ볤˰ɡ
ҶЦֻ˵ԼͻƣȻΪƷȴû˵
ѾһĪ
Ҫ֪ʥԪƷͻƽ볤֮ͬǿɲǵ۾ģ
ĽȿҶЦҪʧɫĿ࣬书ٶΪļӳҶЦΪ֮ۺ죬ȴҪʥԪ۷볤֮Ľ޷ָ
ΪǱһʵͻƣ
ҶЦȻͻˣͻƵϢˣ
ҶЦЦЦȴеϲ⡣
ʮλ֮ҶЦʱʱ̶̿ڸоԼΪڷһĽ
͹ʮĹ񽫣Ѿ޷ΧһλԹġչ񹦵ʱ򣡡
ҶЦʱһ
ѵԼ񹦻ûȫ
Ļش֤ʵҶЦĲ²⣺ûпûеӦٶȡ񹦣Ϊ֮һʮ黤ӣȻӳɡ
ÿһĹλһĽȣ
ʮȫڲҷõʱ˵ΪǰٱļӳɣһӦõʮ
֮һ꣬ڱ˰ĿޣҪϿռӳɣҪٳҲ˵һ죬˵Ҳܹȫڱ˲Բȵһ꣡
񹦣ӦеĹЧ
ҶЦÿĽͣоĳȣ
ֻһ죬͵ڱ˿һ꣡
ǡӦСٶȣ
ȻѾ볤Ǳǿ֣֮Ϊ´ȥáο;ɫڴҪ٣Ҫȥˡ
ҶЦԵͷӦ֮壬һ·Сġ
ʱ㶣ʶĵǡ


288 ۴
²֣ҶЦȻʲôûʲôû˵ôֱӷСԼѾȫΪǴҪŵǳһߣǺա
ҶЦôԼ
һֱ߳ȥԶ֮󣬻£еãȻ֪ĸо
˺ð֮󣬽һʿΪ֪ϴңһǱ޳֮ͽ
һХߵһĨƲʣȥ
̡
ҶЦһ·ߣһ·żס
֪ҶЦ˼вЩᣬȴᰲΣûע⵽Ϣֻڱչأҵʹ½֮ʱһչҲ⾰ǡôʧϢҲ֮УźϺΪ˭һ£÷ˮ𣬶ߣʮ㲻żһ죬ǻž۵ġ
ҶЦķʱһ񣬳һ죬ǻž۵ġ

ɽ
ҶЦһٴɽȴǴͬ
ɽǰ
ǰŨɣҶЦɫؿǰ
æǰԸ
ҶЦⶾ֮Σ
ɫһüһ£βŵжķԲǰٲۣµǰǳޣ½ۣ鿴һ¡
ҶЦͷţȥ²ΪǵüԼҲ˵ԼǳνǿշϦ
ǡ
֣شӦһŨ֮ȥ
Ⱦٶǻǰ¶Ҳǲͦġ
ԭʵ̫Σˡ
ڣһȴĸԸΪܹΪҶЦеп֡
ңԼĶΪǳһ£µƷأԼĶʵ֮ǰǿʮ࣬ʥԪƷʵԲһɽȫ˻аյģ
ҶЦŨʶȴѾ߶롣
ǶΣգҶЦͻڵһʱֽ֮
ҶЦԶԣ²Ϊ㼰շϦ
֮
ŨȻһڣȻҶЦֵ֣ⷢһֺܹŹֵı飬Ǿȣ𶯣ϲЩ׽
Σз֣ҶЦʵ
ȷʵ֣ⶾ֡Ѷ¹СɣΪֻɽΧҲ⣬һ룬ѾоʣȻ˾۶ķɽϮʱȴط֮֡¡ǿյģ
ҶЦüëһգô
ȷʵˡ϶ĵѾԡ
ҶЦüӻ֣ȴǷųһ۽ߣ۽߾ĵرϴ̥֮ǣλױһŵĸ߶ȣӴһ·ѣŨ֮˽ȥ
ȻٽŨʱ۽ͻȻֹͣǰĶתͷһ˫۾ؿҶЦ
ҶЦΪнֹԳ棬ᳯϦġ
۽ԥһ֮Ũ֮˽ȥ
ֻǽȥ֮󲻾ãͻȻŨ֮дһ˻
۽ߵ
ҶЦüͷһ壬ͻȻ룬ٶȿݣ׾Թ϶˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿ˻ֻжһղŽȥ۽ߡ
УԹ鱾Ӧ
ȻҶЦȶ߶ѾܲˣΣһϢΣ±鲼ʴĺۼЩطƬǹˮֵƬȻѾʴóˣ֮¶⣬ǱʴñǶ
ߡֻûˡ߹һۡ
ҶЦôûȣʮͷǼٵôǰ˻ߣֻҪҲһˡ
δ䣬ҶЦѽŵҩ˲۽ߵĿУ漴һƬȻһ֣ץ˳
ȻҶЦķԸһ䡣
һۣתͷҶЦһȻʲôȣ㻹ôȣΪͻƣȻԾǳʼǽȫ¾磬񹦹ϲ¥ϼЧҲдȵߵ鵤Ѿ㿰ȫͿȬǿ컯ˣȺף㻹ôΣ𣿣ߵСооɽϵĶòƺܲ˵
˵Сһ߻תռ䣡
ҶЦ⹦ȴûʱҲûĳĿעɽŨвס㡣
Ƕ󣬵潫ЩˣŶʵһ޴ķԾ
һ棬ⶾҲ˵ĻɫΪֹܹһ£̫ˣԼöооЩأܹЩ۽ߣҲգƿһЩⰵʲô䷨һս֮Լħ񵶾ȥ˺ΪҲ벻ʹӦУ˼ӵٸԴɽֶĻôԼʵǰһ󲽣
ڶĳЩϵǿߣҲиأ
ԼȥҲûʲô£˪ºڽʱ̫ˣδؾͺȹ̣һʱ亻ʵǺõġ
ҶЦ˾
Ǿͣһʱ䣬ɽȥҶЦһ֣ھͿȥ֮֮£ȷϴɽĹ嵱аĻǾͷֶΪܹ뿪ʱ򣬽¹ǰƸһ㣡
Դϲ
ʵղ棬ȷһ㣻ԲŶһ᣻Ըˡ˿ҶЦ»
ӦһŨ֮Уüɫϲ֮˭ܿ
ҶЦɽ֮ǰĵĵȴÿһߴ˪ºսĥľ߱Ƕ޾ռ䣬оµµз
£תۼʮѾȥˡ
ڼ䶾һֻһΣʱ˼һӣüëϣմɫŶ¡
ҶЦһԪû׼ĳͱˡ
֮ĳ˸⣬һѻ⣬ĳ˾Ȼֱһƨ˻֮ȴεΪۣ̾Ϊֹ
֮ĳѪ߳ѣȴһͣҲͣľԳ˶֮У
һĻҶЦһһġ
ħ״̬֮еĶͺһƨƵĳĻƨ֮ȥԪҶЦлˣˡ
ǼҶЦ˵
˪ºͷĨȥϵĺˮ˫ʣβһɱ
ͣҶЦͻȻһϺȣȻֹŮ
˪ºһȻܵͣס֡
漴ҲԶƺһңԶĺХǧߺˮǳһĳ彫
漴һ㿰صĿֲƣֱ
ͬʱһȥ
ֻǳէ֣Ѿ︩ף
Σڳݾ
ƹΣһһߣɽ
ӦдҶЦһƣֻϵĹģңЩʵĸ߽ߣ
תԼĨһѣ漴˪ºŮϸĨһѡȻָŮÿһ鵤Ů಻ɣԽ鵤¡
˷µ鵤Ϣȥ֮һΪѸٽ䵽Ԫ֮£Ĩڼϵҩ޾ռҩݸࣻȴδϳֹĸ߼
ȻֻһĨ˪ºƵѩʱЩڵķ˪֮ɫӺֵɫҲͬһʱ仯
Ȼɣȴֻ㣬ƤҲЩơ
ҶЦ˾ȴǲòδȻ֪էȻĿΪΣȴðա˪ºŮκһ쳾Žǰʮľˣ
Ǳ˿ݣһЩ֮˴аۣǺ鷳ӡ
Ͼ˵ǵɱȣʹԼʵˣԾʤ㡣
ҶЦΪʲôԼӶһһǲ뱩¶ݣ˭֪ûмԼģŮɫȻҶЦҲǳģһҲһһж֮񱣬зأ
ò˵Ҷ˼Զһֵܳɱѿ֮У
ҶЦոһеƬ֮һХնԶͬγʵһ㡣
ҶЦûüת

һӰѾ֮¼ٷɳ۵Ρ
ҶЦƺЩٶۺ֪Ļӣֻһıδ󺺣˫֣Ԩsŵվһ˫ɭԶԼĸˡ
󺺣оųߣȴһҲԵӷױ׾ĸоվǸɽһۻΡȻֻ䣬ֻ׳
ҶЦƽţܹϿ˱ģֻһˣ
һĺƣ
ʲôˣ󺺵ĮؿҶЦʵ
ǡҶЦ¶쳣ŵɫǡʹ˿ĭȴ˵һӡ
޵࣬һԡ󺺵ĺǳһʵһ㳱ӿ١
ҶЦ͸Ƶɫ׳壬òŮˣ󺺶ʱ˿һתרע·
УͻȻէܲ죬ͬһ㣬һӶ֮ڿ
ǰһ֣һ߳ڿС
һۣĿĿɽ

ǣ
ܣȷڴ˵أ
ȷڣ¹ٸͷ
š
Ŀɽȥ


289 ֲ
һأȫʼûз졣
ֻһâȫ˵ϣȻȻγһӴľ
Ŀɱڣ£
ľ̶ȣʹֻǿѾҶЦˢˢسһϸ
ҶЦʶ֮ˣں½֮ʱҲͳ˧۳ɳն죬ͷҶЦʣǵԼͳȴҲδܹǰһıʿ
Ȼʿۣ֮ԼϵҶĲʨ򱱾Ҫѷɫ࣬ҲԼնĻ󽫾ϾԼ˽ţԾɿһһľս󣬱Ͼʿս޿纮½ֲԸʵΪתƵĳ̶ȣ
ǰȣȴѾǺš
һˣΪԪƷϣ
Ķ飬ļɣ˲ţ
ɨһҶЦߣҶЦæɪĵͷһСµĽʿ쾡£Ȼĳ˵Ӱۼʵδ˲ûһλӰĵѩϷԾ̻ľ֡
񣡡һϺȡ
ǰǴ󲽱ȥ¹ڣ
Ǽ˭
ǡ·˰ɣΪȷ
ǣôشҵ𣿣ԼҲȷĴ𰸣Ȼһ㱨̫гϢˣĿ⣺ȥ̣ʮӣСʹ룡
ǿһԣԱϵԶ漴žžĴӵ
ҶЦ¶Ȼһ
Ϊ̵ͨǱӳжϳӵʵأǲԼҲС
֮ǰŻõĺƤ
ƤΪƳɵıӣϣÿɲֻƤʹ࣬ʶͬһʱ̢ܱζɾǺóܵġ
ֻΪһ䲢ǺȷĻرʩ̷λߵξ֮ϣбоʿȴĿޱ飬ޱ顣
ƺǶһĻѾ˾ռߣȫȻĲΪ棬̬ȣ
ȥʣ
ƤҲ̧һ£һָ
һ˼ӶҶЦǰޱĿʵ
ʲô֣
ʿ
Щʲôˣ
Ϊʲô
ȥ
ΪʲôƵ
ͣڴ˴кͼı

ʣ̬ȾӸ£ȫȻҶЦһ˼ʱ䣬ҶЦսսһشʻɫԵò԰ƺѾԷĸ̬ŵû겻塣
ҶЦĻشУҶүɹΪһɢޣԼϱãҪȥպķҳҽ
ҽĶԼؼҽʦΪһƣȴⷢɽöס˱ؾ֮··ĻҪԭ·˻أ¾һ򣬿Խ󺣣ӱ˰ȥȻٸ·һ·Ļ·;ҪϰͲʵֵ޲֮ʱ
֮Ǿǣʧݣѣ˵ģᣡ
ӥ۾һתӣвʲôͨҽһת
ҶЦѾݵȵزȻǲţ˵Сġ
ҡǱ߲Ÿ˵һ֣Ѿһץסһʱ롣
ҧҧ촽Ҫȴǻ˵ʵ̫ǿһ
˵֮ѸһȦ϶кܶദѴԵһ󶴣ҲĴӽɺԡ
ĳƣĪ˵ˣ㵱֪ҽҲҪ췦ͽ̾κΣ
εȷḻڵΪѾʥԪ۷壬볤Ҳֻһ㴰ֽľ룻Զ֮ϣƣҪȴ׾٣ա
ţԭˡüſ
ҶЦһߣʵλѾ֪ŵ״ˣ֪֮˴ˡ
˲ͷ˵ֲҽ֪ʲô״ξΣ
һʹתȥ
أԴҶЦĺˣ㲻˵㾫ͨҽôҲϣ˵Ȼģ㡭
ǱŻ㱨ΪտȻҶЦĺȣɫԲ䡣
˼ػˣĸǡǡԭΪ˲أﱻƣɺԣ飬ֻǿά֡
˵Ӧʵ顣֮Σʾ¡˹˵
š
˵Ȼ֮ˣͲҪΪˣ˿һߣ𵢸жͺáǣƿɽǾͿԴӴ˴ȥˣܹڴǣǵĻԵν·
ǣǴĴȡ
ٶתعҶЦˣǴΪƿɽͶҶԶЩĪҪڴ˰ְţƿɽ֮ǰ·ȻͨǱ˲ʱ룬ȥѰǸʲôҽɣ
лˣ̫лˡҶЦҾлĸм㡣
лУһַһ˪ºĸ˾ܵ˾ŵСӣԶֱԵ˹ȥӰ㱻ï־ڱΡ
߿Ƶʹʵ۵׵ȴʼעҶЦߵĶ
ʶһ·βҶЦĸȥʼջעȻԭǴɣλǱߵˡ
뵽ڷһ֣˽ȥ飬ȷɽΧ
һ֣ȵƶӳһˣȥ黷
һӻϢ˳Żһ죬´ͷţȻһ㿴ŹĿף۾Ҳסˡ
ڴ֮󣬸ϲ֪ʲôطһ£漴ǹŹֿͻȻɵ⣬
ȻΪ֮һԲǰ̤һһٸˣͬһһ㣬Ũ
ǰ󲻹գգ۵Ĺ򣬺Ϲһٸ˵Ķ飬ȻȫʧŨ֮С
˪գգۣ磬˵ǵĿֵܹǶ𣿡
ҶЦһãӦܰɣ϶ܣɩӵȫЩүˣ
ȴǰ˪ҡҡŮʱˡ
ܡ
ԴˣҶЦ۽ϵƬھǱȲۣҲ޼ˡȻʹļ̶̳ȣȥֻ֮ôʱͱʴ䣬⻹û۽߱ĿԣɽжĶ֮ҿɼһߡ
ɽһСӣϿȻȫ죬бȴԾδֵܵסɽʴһ㣬ǽȥĳ̶ȣ϶Ҫ۽ȥøġ֮ǵٶȻ죬ȴԲȫԸ
ۺЩ֮ЩֻҪǽȥŨ֮УҲûгĻˣ
ûУ
ȻڵȺ֮ͻȻŨһХ˾Ͳң涾׿㣡󽫾СģֵСģ
󼸸֣Ѿȥ
Ȼ֮Ѿ֧ȥˡ
һҵĴ֮Ҳû˰㶯
ΨŨ뵣ƽ޲
Ȼ˹ƽͷʶðһɳǵĺ⡣
һٸˡ
ֻ˶ӿɲѰʿһλʵ൱׵ĸ߽ߣŨվֻôһʾĻɽ֮Եȴǿɾɲ˵
ߵɫҲѿɽΣ磡
һֱվһһվ˳
㴩ϿףڶߣٶȽȥ״ҪӲҪóȻԶǿȣȥϳ߻ڻˡ
ǣˡ
Ѹٽϵ۳ȥһ֮ǰͬĿףһߵŨ֮ǰͻһ
漴˻һâһ⣬Ũ֮С
ʥƷҶЦ߶
òƾֻһļʱ䣬ټ⼲ողųȥ磬ٶȳ˳һѳַ룬徶ڵ
Ŀϵȫ״˼Ѿʴ޼ϣϣбʴʴߵ㣬ڶ֮жݣܵʴ˺ȴǱ鲼ȫԲһشһ۵̣һҲϣĥϵʴơ
ǰһһѹǿֹ˵Ĺ֮ƣżһʱߵУ漴âһһѵˢˢˢ
ͬգ۹ϰٸѪ飬
Щ⵽ʴλãˣǼ׼֮ǣѾֳʴ˿ڵĵطȫƤøɸɾЩطһؽصĹͷҲ˳
Ѫɽ
бڳѪ⣬ڵϾֻͣһ˲ŧˮ
ۼ޸ʴ˴յ֮࣬ȴǽһƿҩȫС
ÿһڣѸҩ
ֹ˺ð죬ֹͣ˳鴤۾ȴʹû󺹡
ˣ桭ɫ԰ףɽĸʴ֮ԶԶ½ȥһ˲䣬׵ҷ汻ͻƣȫ޿أµĻҲûã㸯ʴ顭֮ǰһˣԼڸǰİ֮Ȼȫ׹ǣһ⡭
ǿ˵һ仰˾ʹ˹ȥ


290 
߻ӻ֣мǰ̧磬͵иһơ
վǰŨüͷþò
֮߳̾һڻõ鱨֮УȻҲ˵ɽ죬ȴҲ˵ⸯʴ֮ѽ֮ǰص鱨жϣɽĸʴֻ֮еǰİٷ֮һ͡⣬ô£
鱨ȻȴҲڻô©ѵǵ֮ǰʣٱǿ
˰죬ûжԲߣڻӻ֣Щƣ˵ԭӪ
ʹ˲˵

һߣҶЦһĻĺչҲǰ˼⡣
ǰĹǻᣬԼ˿ֱӴϿշɹɽģʱŨûֵǰҪ֪ʱһʱ䣬Լ˿Ũ֮дУΪ֤ɽ
ȴǲǿĸʴ֮
ҪȻʹԼпռ令򶾲֣ͶȴӦñиоġ
֮ԼڴӸߴɽʱ򣬸ڵĶݾԵĲһ
ھΪʲô˾ҵı仯أ
˵˵ر仯˹ʹƺƴĴҪץͷֻ»Ǻܲ׵ġ
ҶЦһǺصƲƲѹ˵۴ǰӵΪôҲмˢأ֮ȴɽΧŨı¶ûСװôã뿴ϷһȺ޼ƿʩ˵Jǹͷǡ
ۣʵ̿ЦָͷҶЦݺŤһѡ
ҶҶЦĿһ˫ȴи룺ڻǸˡУϹҿɲǹͷ
ᣡһƴĳ˵֡
ԴĳΪͻƳ֮ĳ͸ˣ˵ǹͷ˵ǲģ
Ȼڴʱֻ˪溰ףڸʲô
ҶЦһ񣬼æӣڷʩǧһ붯
ҶЦһҲ̲סһ
Ϊ·ߡȻѾȫĴƽˣ;ɽҲƻΪһƬƽأһۿȥһƽ
æŰʯͷӦ˵ڰᶯɽ
Ӻ½ʼ˵߽ӵɽɽƵ֮ܣȴ˵ôʱգôˣһһȺһɣ
;ֻĶɽ壬ţ֪ǱڽĶɽӿߣһЩԭп϶ĵطҲȫɽʯ
֮ͽȫ˲Ķɽ壬мλõͬǿһ޴˹Ͽȡ
߸ֶעΣԽǵɽ֮ǰԽǹխ
һŬһЩ˸ֱȥԶɽ˹
ǴҪԷҶЦæµһĻ˼˵Ӳ޹Ѹٵ˼·ò˵һУпܻЧ
ԾԵһֶصĵƣȻƣ޶ȵĴݹȷɢϡ
ò˵⻹һѵĵӡ
ھͿɽĶǷܹܵΪĳˡ
һ˹ͨѾɡ
ͨһ©״ԽΧԽԽӽɽؽߣԽխխλþֻʮɿ
ѳ£ֱͦͦĲ촣
һС
ҶЦ˶ԶĽ۰Ͱ͵ŶԷڿգ󳷡
ȫԱȥռ䡣
ҶЦһ˿⡣
Щں󳷵ʱû˹֪ͨԼˣߣΪԼĸġϡ˷һ仰ʱ䶼࣡
Զһ£һ֡
ǰƣȻӿȣͬͬʱ֣ڽϿȵɽ֮УǰŰȥ
ϳ֣γɱ֮⣬֮имλ֣֮ǷǼǿǿȣ˾ƣ֮޻ѹһȴǽɢ롢ҾͳϹһԭǿٱ
֮⣬ɽһƽգȻһϿ֮УΪƵĹϵô絶ټڸոսϿʮλãƱѾǴΣ
ԽϿԽԽխȻҲԽԽԾ޴񱩡
ȥУУ˫ֲϽһɹƿӦֶ߶ǰ쫷˳ƣԴݿ֮ǰн
쵰ҶЦɽ£ǿһΪɽĸ˶˽ȥ
ΪĿ쫷磬ƿֲҶЦȻʱûбһɽȫʼջǻܵ
ҶЦĸҲʥԪƷϵΪɽȻ˴ţȴЩǰֳʵȴֻԪˮ׼
ԪߣǾ޷ĺܵģ
ȻҶЦģҲֻһ㡣
ؼĻڡһ쫷統洵ɢ˶ôȻᵼؽ꣬ɢȴʹֻӰɽһɢȥ
Ķһɢٷĵؽ綼ʹͿ̿ë֮أֻ˵Ǿأ
ӵǸ۽ߣȻȫûп£
ݣԣҶЦбǰɭȻĺâлᣬҶɱ֮

֣ޱ쫷һ˲ȻĺХ
һХߵĶĤУ˲ʱѾȫ
һܹ״ɢĶ񶾺Х
쫷磬ˣ
һľ޴
ֻǿϣһ¥ôߵľʯ֮صľʯǿƽ֮б쫷ڰͬһֽƬһƮͲ󡭡⣬ͲǸ˼ֵĴ硣
޼᲻ݣ
޿ƥؿ쫷ھƽذɵĵط½
漴䡱һɽŨ
ԭˣȫޱ仯Ũ׶ȳֲͬʱɽɽէȻһҹĺ
ƺ˾ȣ˷ŭζ
һ̣Ÿճֲ״̬ɽŨͻȻ
֪ǵ쫷أŨб仯쫷һͣͣӿ룬ŨԽԽͣ
ĿɽλõŨԽңɽϵĸߴѾ¶ɽ壻ɽϺȻι״Ĳ
ֻЩΪ쫷ĹϵϤƮƮҡҡֱϰգ⣡
ɽϣаХϵƺλɽǹȫֿ쫷Ϯ֮ơ
ǡ
š䡱һһҵ˼ıըէȻ
ɽų˿Ƶľ綾ŨȻǡ䡱һ֮ʹըɢ
󲿷ֵź߸߷ֱ޾ĸ߿գ
λɽ֮ϵĸ߿գ˲ʱȾһҰɫ
޾Ķأ
ۼһĻҶЦ޺޵Ĵһ
ɢ֮ҶЦղĺҪӵĲҶЦ֮ǰ뷨ֻΪһȴаϵĶԾɻɽɽ֮ϣȻΪԶַΧ̫أ統ǰ㽫󲿷ֵŨضգ񷣻ȷʵɽʱգʵʒɢ潫ʮʮſȥδ꣬ɽΪԭ֮ڣû߷޿Դ
ɽϣֲۿɼٶȣѸٵĿήʴ漴ôһŧˮ˵£
ֻǣŨ֮еɽȴȻ¶ݡ
ɽɽɣľʯڱ쫷Юţ֮ƣͷʽ¡¡ɽȥ
֮ϵߴһߵɽͻȻ
ǲɽ壡
ǡһͷޣ
էɽһ˶ޣһɫľޣ
ֻޣȴѲ֪£޴ʯͷѩǣľֲ
޾ٶ֮ʣԭϵľʯľϤڿնգεΪ׳ۡ
ͷޣһǼ佫ȥǿҵģķŭ
ܣȻ֮بŵһеߴһϣץס
սֵʱХƸ֮ǰ
УĿǹ⻪ãĵ⽣ʽâ糱ˮǳһӿ
м۾еĸֱ֣ӰɽʵĴɽѹ֮ƣܿҶȥ
ǵģֻ޴Ĺޣһֻܣ
һ̣ҶЦ˪ºĸ˵Ӽۿ
ܣ
ܣ᳤ô
ǰֻصҲǧĹȻܣ
⡭
ֱǳҶЦ˵ļȶ֪
ô˵ͷѾԼԾ˳һԾǺǧɿռ䣬СɽһӴӾԴããֽ֮У
顭
ۡ
ĵǹꪸʽͷϣϧܼĹȴȫȻãκһܹƿֻܵıһƺɫһէȻһ漴Ӵʹ˼س
ΪɽҲƵĻԹѾ
ֽܹһսʹ˳ɽϣȻ߰˵˿Ѫ죬һ˿ڣʮɳɫѪҺϪһѪҺʣоȻٶȳֿԸʴһеȻ֮֮ǰŨ֮࣬ǰְԵ
УǰˣЩȫһĳ״һţȫûа㿹֮ǿ˻ȥ


291 Ƶ
ҶЦɴ۾Ϊµ˵£һסô˵ģؾеĳͷɡ
ҶЦܹ֮µóȻΪյԽɽʱҲһͷء
ֻʱϮͷԼһնˡ
ȻҶЦۺϵǰ״ҲŪɽΪʲôͻȻ仯ˣؾΪԼϴһնͷ˶ѪЩղŴѪΪ֮£Ѿ֤㣬ߣԽҪĲ֣ԽܹתɸĶ
ҶЦµһҲûд
ֵǮĲ־ͷֲҪĲ֣Ҳͷ
ͷɳɶ̿ɴֿϸ磬鶯ͣʲôܹ֮ؼĻڣ˵Ķأų϶Ũͷ֮С
ϴαʵñҸֻ˵⧲ɣܵͷҶЦȻһֱӿ֮һҲɽĶͻȻ򱶣
ɽѾ̾ʮ£ʮ֮ĶǺεǿ󣿸οĶأ֮Ӵ޴ݻ
ͻȻ䱻ҶЦն˲һ룬Ҳѹɽ˿ֲı仯
ܶҲҲ֮
Լ˭˭ɽ̾ߣҲͻȻѪҲǳĲЩˣ۾ȻԼͷյķԾǲߵô
ܴҲĵģʶһͷʹ˦˳ȥȻ࣬СҲ⣬˶ܵɵɵɣ
һͷľٶֻʶΪȫûȫȻʳܺ
ͱˣܴû뵽ǣ棬ȻһѰ·ߵĴڡڹܹԼĶأеĽһԼʮ궼ûмģ޽е
ôһֱӽԼ˵ıͷն֮һ
ݣү˺
ۣΣͷϵĶʧʮ֮˾šԼʹû鴤״̬лָҵԼİͷӣ跨ȥʱ򣬷ʧѾ޷ء
ЩأȻɽŨ
ܴƵü
Ҳ벻ԼôͻĪ֮ôһء
Ҫ˵ҲûתصģɽνʵͬԴܵһһ֮䣬Ļܴ˿ӪķΧʧΪֻǻΪȻĶɢɽ֮Уʧ䣬ֻҪͨٽ֮ɻҲˡ
ʱܴһҲרɶظΪһ棬ͬ޸ԼͷȻɽжܱΪݼʱҸݼ״̬Ϊɽһʱ̱ɣٽתΪݼǿɾҪϵʱˣ
ܴ˻ÿɽ棬Լ춾磬ؾҲǷɲˣʱʲôʮ׺ɣ˻Ǳˡ
Ǽƻûб仯ÿ죬ĳԽܹĵָΪĵڣɲɣȴôĵ顣
ǰЩ˶Ǵģ
ػټ˴ң
ҲͰˣү£ǣЩ쵰ԭµǣȻƾôŹֵĵΣֱ޿ɿ쫷磬үĶı춾硭
ڿǺˣү˼ʮʱĶأȫɵ˾⣬ү
ֱǿ벻̣Ҳ̣ǲ̣̣
ܴ˵ºԥ˳ͷһԾٶˣسٶò΢㣬Է棬Ȼзǿ֡
ĳ˿ʮĶصƽ漹ϣ˵Ŀ˺ö¡
ݣʧˣ
ܴһ߷߷߲ƽһߴãԼٶһھȥ
óԣ
ܴ˵ʵʤޣ
ΪˣӻǼʳɣ
СС¶֮࣬һô۾Ƥֻһ죬ҵüװ˯ˣǷɾ裬ȥһ
ôˣ΢һɾˡͲºô
ǳ׵ɵۡ
۾Ũ֮еľ޴ܣһʱ䣬ȻЩĸо
ҲǺ£û
ݺô꣬ʲôʱԹȴ
ݣټ֣ǸܾȻԼƤӵ£ôĿŵ޼ɵ֣һ־;Լʮʿ
ô˽سˣ
⡭
Ҳ̫ţ̫̫̫ɥĲ˰ɣ
߸оԼͷҪըˡ
ǵսԶԷͳ˧ԼҲûдô̰
οʱ˿Եһͷ
ֶξ˴޼ɵס
ˣƣӦô죿ǷҪΧͷޣΧߡ
⻹Ҫʣߺ޺޵˵ǴеĿĲͷ󸣬ϧһдۣҲһҪֻץȥ
һ£һɽĶѾƳҲΣеĹֶΣֻһͷղһԷâǹ＼ӡߣֹڴˣҪкѣ
Ӣ
һƨȴ졣
ֻһͷֻУ
ֹڴˣ
ӣ
⻰˼Ҳ˵ó仰
ղžֻͷһ֮£ʮ߸˾ôûˡ
һ˶ˣ
һŰǧ˰òðˣ
ǧˣ水һʮ߼ĻʮھǧߣʮڡǾȫͷܵĿʳ˰
˳ԷҲóʮں
ǧ˱һԽȥҲǸ뱥
ǰһ̻ǻˣ˵ЦҪǱ̽ȥ²죬ͱɴˡ
𡮰뱥㡯⼸֣ʱо
뱥һȻת֮һ˵֡
˱ǿһ㣬ѸٵĸתһӲ׼սȥˡ

ޣһʲôأӢ䣬޳ڣôû¾ñѾۣߵȼĳޣסûУû²Ϲã
뱥ɭɭʵǿƣ֮ͷѹ
λᣬȴֹԵĲµ˼ǡܡ⡭һٷʵǸ˼
ߵ۾Σյʵ˵ͷܣǽǰǧȫˣҲֻܳԸ뱥˼ô
²˼治˼һͷͰ͡
ʲô˼˵ɣأ
ҡҵ˼˵
㡭㡭ʲô㱾ʲô˼ӦôʮǺޣˣ˼˼
һ֧顣
ᡭ
٣˳ôô𣿣

һߣҶЦڴ˪ºͷվһ߼ල
ӰѾѾͷզûԷƵã
һвУϲҲأ
˪״̬ɲ԰ˣ

ҶЦָֻţܶӣ˪ºఴķԸڷϰϿô¡
ʵʵҲ
ȻŮڵûжöеϣľʶ꣬ȴȫˮ׼еġ
⵱һǽȫľͶ
б۾һߣžתͷ
Էһƣղôķ磬ûн⼸ϴǸ󣬻ǡٿһɽиȴҲȻԭǲȻ֮ˣǾͲƽˡ

ҶЦǱ߱ȱȻѵ˪ºʱʱͳֵ񵤸Ȼ󡭡֡
㲻֮͹ȻԼһ˵ԭƻŵ˶ȴҲһﱾԼһڼϵģϾڶ޸һ֮󣬻۽Ҳһ֮󣬿϶Ҫϵģ˼ʣڿ۵ıΧܷҶЦȴм
ҿԼɽ֮ǰôһԼððʧʧĶܣͷڱֵǿơԼ˳ûеڶѡ
ڡ˪ֻҪһСģ͵һĸ£Լ
޹ҶЦ˱ۣ˭뵽һͷܣһΪȻѾȥ˲𾳣ǲ𾳺ڡֱǼֱˡ
һͷܶѣ
ôôǿ
⻹ͷΪۿ۵ǰµĽ
ôͷʢ֮ʱΪָöأ
·ˣ
ҶЦĵײĿȴǲɫ
ߣ˵ʵȻǿᣬ˵Ҫܹܸɵֻδذɣɲ˻пܵģȻȻܾǱȽ״̬ʱռˡ
Ȼ˫ƣܾǸѡ񡭡
ϾϮЩˣǸ֣Ͽ϶൱ĲƸ
˳ϴһգŲߡ


292 
ĳĵûûȫܵĻš
ͬʱĵ׻һ㵣ģϾɽɽװ֮£ءǧҪʱðͷϾС壬оҲʸʹսƷĳһСҲʱ꣡
ҶЦһ£һζȥɽڲɵ֮ɽĶ˴ǰӲųŹȥһ࣬Ȼ֪ɽ϶ȥɺεȳ̶ȵӰ죬Ķļ϶ʱ䣬֧۵ôŧɣô컹ʰһͷܰɣ
ҶЦĿ⣬֧вٳ׸ء
ߣһΪɲ⣬ȵճԼɵǱѹҪÿֲпǲǿߡ
ڱ£ӦҲһλΪҪҪԱ
߰˸ˣԼ͸Ϊ̣׵ĶǳĶǿߡ
̣һѵصĴȻɲһͷܣҪǱۣ»ȥᲱϵ
ҶЦڴ֮УǱ߿ʼű
󣡡һ¡
۵ĴһɵѸٳȥһΣȫԱȴǲóһֵ͡
γɺΧ֮ƣһһؽΧһİΧչƣںΪõĺôԶ׼һܵȻӴ󣬵ǧһ𹥻˵ĹԾգֻɲֳȷ˶У޵ķʸһҲ㹻ַֹܼƲͻΧӶݣĺô
Χսһʱʧ˼ʮ֮󣬵ڶֳȥսѾĵ൱̶ȵĵһսʿ滻
۷ǧʿ棻һһֹݵĳȥٳȥ
ǰǰȫȻûκο϶Ĳ״ʽҹ
ս֮ңɽͿɼһߣɽɽ׹ǧɣԭ۾۷ܣ˼ʸ䵽һ֮Уˣ˻
ܵķȻι̣վҲмޣܼĵݽʽģʽ֮£ཥܲ˵ܵĹʽ̫ڵһ
綾ͷ֮⣬ҲûֶΡ
ʵҲѹ֣ܵĹģʽҲ˵׻ܣȴֺ⣡
ҵսԾڼ
ܶԸ֮ǰһɸ㶨ôҶЦȻʵ
ȻͷԶĴսҡҡСɵԴһﲻʮ鷶룬ĻԸһﲻڻ£һҲ£
ĳԲѿ̸ʵʵ֮⻹˵ڲС
ֱ˵Ը˾ˣ˵ʲôһЩңɼ顣ҶЦƲƲ죺˳ԺͿ̸Ҳûɶõóֵıˡ
ôӵۣ޸̣ͨأܣ̰찮Сһôô˵ôûɶõóֵı£ҪΪǳڵͷܶ޷Թ𣿣
ˣ˵˵һΪʲôܰɣҶЦʵ֣Ӧбĺɣʽķ룬㻹Щģ
߳ɻؽһҡͷβָָĽһͨ
ʲôܣʲôʸҹһӦý춾ܲǡ֣ƶ￹֡šҪ˵ϱȽϲһģ־ڵˣ춾ƳָγڵܹγڵЧȴǷͬСɣΪڵԵ˷µĻô˱ôΪʲôΣ˵ʲôزἴʱӵǰԪһĿ
һĿԪҶЦҡҡͷҲûʲôɣ
ֵĿҶЦһۣ˵ģûʶֻʶҸղŻص㣬ˣҸȷɣҪ㵽˶ⲻˣνӵǰԪһĿ˵ֻһԪҲֻһֻǰö֮ҲνޣһĿޣһ꣬ȻʲôҲǶһꡭ㵱ǰҪܻһأ
ͺñȳɣҪĿǰѾȥԪβΣǳڵȴܼʱһγǿߵۿۣ
ʵνĳ𾳣㾳Щ磬ҲǼֶͬѡޣԪľһգҪȻĴֻ¾ͲֹǰЩˣȻҲһһĳܾ磬Ĵڲͬ٣Ĵܣ硢λûУ
νǿߣǿɴʱƳɵͬеĳѡ֮ĳ𣬲̫ңԶˣ
ٱ˵ǵǰ֧ӵľͬһգֻҪ֮ǰܵڵܹʱѪٻꡭһôٴƪ۵ĺһٽ͡
ȴҶЦ۾ͻȻһ㡣
ôǿĹЧõõ޼֮ҶЦʱĶˡ
ҡҡβͣ˸ۣøû޵ˣղ㻹˵ûɶֿʼĶˣл˼˵εİСߣʲô˰
ҪȻܽܡΪǰ׽еģ

ֹãҶЦע֮£սϿͻȻէһХ
Χܵľӣ˵
ĺ֮˶ɽǱߣ۾ԲˣͻȻļٵĽ˼
ô
ʲôôϽеļ
ҶЦЩ죺ôۿžҪ׵ˡɶΣգ
ҡҡβͣĽУ١
ûʶ£֮ǰСܣڵĶĿоʮ˿ţɾʮſŶͻֱӽޣ㾳磡
ֻϧʱ̫ãĪİһͷϵԭ㹻һŶĶʧϣһ˳ջأԿɳɾһŶжСӽ¹γ߶ݼһӳԲʱգٱ۾֮ɢΪתĶɢʣɾһŶԲĴȻɿա
ᣬ;ĩ·֮ءƴĻǰⷽԲǧؽ磬˶һƫƫڣԷƴƣһһƵ˲òƴĹؿڡ
򣬴򲻹ӣӲˣôҲֻС
ѣҶЦʱоٲҵ˪ºãһ̵ܽɽһȭɽϣϢȥʱһĴ󶴡
ҶЦȥϵػȭ編ƣ鳤ɽϴ򶴣ֱ׾٣Ѵ֮
һ·£̶ʱ䣬Ѿȥɸ߶ȡ
ҶЦЯŮ˴ԾɲҾʹ˰ģһɹɻΧģԼɵĶڴü羫һ㡣ҶЦȾ㣬ɴʩϼֽμӹ̣СؽĿڷס
һʹɽըˣⶴ棬Ҳȷһʧ
Ȼ󡭡
ҶЦͻһԴ⣬˻ж桭
漴һȥ
˪״һҪųȥסçײǴڵΪΣֻҪóȻǿײȻǲġǳȥ޲ֻͽȻġ
ҶЦ˼Ѿ»ص˵֮ϣȴûóȻ޶䣬ɽλ͵۹ۿӳȥ˿̶ս˫״
ֻղŻȥһʿѾӵźţس
ȻߵսȻԾǲ򷨣ʱ౶
żʮվڸ߿չս
˼ʤ֮ѾʣͷѽһϢ֮أֻĴѡ
ȻѾʱ򣬱ûҪνĿ䣺һ֣书һۣ
һ֮£ٱ䣬ԭ㲨ƣ㲼ãͻȻֽΪ֣ںλõΧ£ȥ
ߵһֱսļʮλ֣ҲƮɽǸӵϿա
ͳ˸ֵѾɣ
Ϸж֣Կţ׷ɱܿѵ·
ſӳʺȥ
¶һ˿ֵЦݣһһγȻ֡
ߵˣҲ׷ͬĶУâʢ
˴γɹȡܵڵȥǴһ
ܹܵĹͼӵԡ
Ȼôһ֣޷ͣʼջԼֳڹͲ棡
ʱ̣Ǵˮʱ̣ȻҪһֵģңҪһѾľ֣
˹ѹͬʵһǿѹ
ή״ſڴ±ˣÿһ˿ڶŰɫѪҺǿ̧ͷ޵ֱעſЩˣУȻɫ
һ֣һϺȣ
ˣͬʱ֡
Ȼͬһ̣ͻȻһĺȻԾͷգһƣ
һ˲䣬ϱ鲼˿ڣǽһѣ۾ǿҪλҲѪ͵
͸Ǽſ

һſŻԲӣȫ޼ϵķʽĿԳϸ߿ա
ϣһ˾ʮ˿š



293 󱬣
һֱע߶ҶЦ˼ŵƤɳ˼⣺Ȼʶ֮ˣܣȷʵֻþʮ˿Ŷ
ļʶһľȷԳС
ӾûѹեǱڼֵ
ԺҪһٿһЩС

ۼƲԵҶЦһŨ֮Уֻڳȥһ̣Ϲһȴǻסȫ漴ȻûŨ֮С

ʮ˿ŶէȻڿУ˿ͣ٣ʹȻѣǺȻһŴĿ⻪һ̣ԭѾȫɢתƬղĶһ̣ͻȻĻ
԰ٴ㺣֮ƳһƬ
Ⱦת䣬ԼٶȣȻڳ˵󷶳롣
ǰֻһգۻûɲǹ⾰ƬĿڵλѾתΪһƬտտգ
ãһ𣺡
δ䣬󼲷ɡ
ϧһ̡
˶۾һ˿ģȴҲбĹʡ
УǾʮ˿ŶɵĶıݱ˵ıըܵӴҲͬһʱ䣬촷ۣ
䣡
оۼı۴һ⣬һʣȫըûҷˣһֱǰһ̣ϻŵЦݣһʤȯյĿ϶
ϾҪ󹦸ɣžٷ
߼磬һɳȥһ˲ȻȡѾǧϾȻܵļ˱ըȴʼսβ棬ʹ߽ұܿನԺһݺݵײ䱳ϣ
ߴһ͵һѪ漴˾ʹʧȥʶ߷һ㣬ƮƮҡҡط˳ȥ֪ƮԶ֪䵽
ҶЦȴǾʮ˿ӳѵһ̣ҵ˶ټ
ֵһʯУȻ;쵽ĶȴʼûиϾԶ׼۴˿ܼɵľӵж֮ˣֻҪ֣Ȼ˵ֱӻɱ
֮ҲͳˣȻǣ߻ɼ©ܾϾԭɵĶѾûˣǵ˺֪֮ʣһƴͬھȴͬΪ˵ĶŻˣͨյɶǺ֪ܵļȻС˵ֻನֻǲŶֻ·һòã
ؽʼȴҶЦ֣ϲҪ˵
ҶЦȫȻĲɷ˵һץסԥת۵糸ȥ
Ƿɵһ֮ʣѾܼʮ˿Ŷһţòˣ
Ϊߵһ𡮲áȻҶЦĶ䣬ǲǿߣʵƵ൱ҪõԼ϶ܲ𣬸˵ΪֻʥԪ߽׵ĶҶЦϣоէȻһŴɫĽ⣬ɫ˲ʱһΪˣǰߵ֯ɲ㽣ǽϷǿĳһϣݺն䣡
ֻһ죬ϼȫݿ֮ƽһش󶴣ҶЦŶʧڶ
Ϸֲıը֮ѹ
ɽȻɱըֱӺ䱬ˣ
ߵؽȫ޿صرըվΪҶЦ붾ȡһļ϶ҶЦһƺߣŶǱѾѪ˿
ըʵ̫ңҶЦӦԵõȡʱ϶·дγɻ壬ȴԾɱըನҶЦ߳ϵĳڸشŵĶܸɴػ˹ȥȻֻನԾɳܲ𣬼׵ȫҶϣ⻹Ƕ־һտޣΪо򣬵ֻ·һ
ѾǱըܺ΢һˣ
Ҫ֪Ȼǧ֮ϵĸ߿ձըʱҶЦʩԽǽҶЦ˾󲿷ֵĳѾСǧ򱶵ನ

ܣԱסʮµɽʹ˳ʧ徣
걻ŨŨڱ֮ɽ֮գǳһգ

ùĿԶԶֹɽһأɽΪԭķԲȫλ
ʼǲ𾳶弸ǰ벽㼶ĳǿԱͬСɣ
һը֮£ը˴ɽɽǽԱըĵ棬Ϥһӣ
׵Ĵӡ
Уһ˶ľ޴Ģƣڷֱ嵽޾֮
иոձʮ˿ŶעЩЩʴ֮˺ٵһСɢ֮⣬ȫ嵽˾⣡
֮ǰΧܵıͳͳҷ
һ棡


294 ɨս
֮쳾Բֹ֮ʣϣէһ䶯һ֮࣬ȴһӰͻȻƿշɳﻹһˡ
ҶЦͶ
Ƴأڻڻ֮С
ҶЦŶԼھõĲ֮Ů˳
漴
տһ¶ǧҪܣҵȥⳡʵĺ
һ仰ҶЦӸžͻһ磬ըǰ㼱ȥ
Ůһʱ䲻֪ҶЦôȥʲôˡ
˪ѵԱ̫󣬰Ѵ˵صˣլʺȥˣ˵رɲë֮صֶ򣿡
ºͷ϶ģ᳦ģǼô˵Ȳ³֣϶ȥΪˣ
βŵȻҲϲôǴ磬ǣⲻ̫Ǵֽ׶ε·룬ȥӦǼ֮ǰķṦΰҵȥˣҪǰ׵֮
˪Զһ٣˪૵ɩӣԼˣԼ֪Լ¾ˣǾôһ˵ʹʹ죬˭ҲûȥǵôǸɶ˵Ǵʵ
ͷ˵öԣԼȷʵöԼ˰ЩʵҲǲϹ˵ģǻǿϵưɣ

ҶЦӲŸոճһӰէ֣ٴܳҶЦ졣

һ˸
ӥ
ּʰ쵵Ĺâһ
Сԡ
һˣһֻèֻ񡭡ĳ˳ȥ
ôżʲôأ
Ϊȥʲôģ
϶ǰҶЦſߣȥ֮ȫռܶԱȻȥư
Ѿױ̰֮·ҶЦϽʰʲô
ĵâĵͬٵĹâ˻ں¡¡֮еĴӡ
ӴҲ˲ɢ
иռָ
ҲиռߣȻܺĺö
ﵣզҲսռֽ⡣
ܵڵأжأһﲻ˵оʮ˿Ŷô
ҶЦһƬ֮Уɿ죬еķʸȴûջ
ѱٶȱ죬ˢˢˢҵ˾ӽռ䣬һռһջ
ӥҵ֮ͽջһյϣҶЦͶʱ˳ȫյϾֱܹӽƷռģֻҶЦͶõ
СԱӦøӥ࣬˼ʡġ
Ϊɹȥ֮󣬺ܸɴһȻ󣬻һӽٱͷ˳֦ҶһҡڣһӣأԳĺɽɽΪɢĵ֮һɨա
СԼ»һֻС̬ڿصķɣߴߴĽлԵø־緢
Ͼֵ֮һǺյΨӴɽµĳܾ߱ϢӴɽôᱻ״ݻ٣
һΣ͵ǰջۣСռ˴ˡ
ûˣЩҶЦһ֣˽ӥҵһѴװ¼׵ȵȣתͷĴѰҡԼԼЩ⣬ϾڵжͷϷ
Ƕ
Ҫ˵ܵڵо֮ЧȻǺö˵ʵȴҲҶЦУ˶ĵƼٵǻĲʲôǶȴдͬ塣
ղźڰ˵Ǿʮ˿Ŷ
ȫըˣ
ҲҲˣ
ҶЦֻҪһ͸оһۣǿǾʮ˿Ŷö֮ȫôԼ߿϶ܳһλ쳾ĳ֣
ܵۿǴĶ൱ߵۣ㵽ĸ߶ȣ϶񹦣˵޼Ҳֻ࣬Ҫĳ֣Ǿ׵бۿȺۣ
ը˰
ôͱըأ
ȫը𣿡ҶЦ۵һ߶̫ϧ˰
Ǳ߻ڻѰңһ˫۾أģҶЦʱоһСһԼҪö࣬İСȻбķ֣ҪȻͻؿռ˯ȥˣô
ҶЦŶĶ
ȴڴӵĳλͻȻ
ҶЦĿһȥһӣһĿλõʯرһҳ
Ŀӵ³ֳһƬƽ̹
Ƭƽ̹мλãһ⻪ɢʵĹʡ
һֻȭͷСӡ
Ȼ뵹⻪תһصζ
ڵҶЦĿʱһ


295 ˣ
ܵڵĶ
۴ǰҲΪڵ
ܸղƴȻԱըжԼڵȴ֮Դûеȥ
ڣֵڵ;İҶЦǰ
ҶЦ̾һȡ
𶯣һĮէȻ
ȻУԾɲ֮аɱϰȻ
ҶЦüתѭȥ
ֻԼڰ֮⣬һԻ߹
λһǰ˼ȴһȫλߡ
һۿȥ˲ᡣ
Ƥֽҡҡ׹ǰǴĿĵݣһȻ˿˿ƣǿסѡ
˿ȻûмѪǰ󣬼˫ȣط¶ǲҰ׵Ĺͷ
ͷϵͷҲûһ룬¶Ѫɫͷǹǡ
ƣѵ֮ͬˣһ߹ҶЦߣﾹǷ·ʱܹȼĻ档
Ŀ⣬̰עڿڵ
һ·ҡҡλε߹̧۾ҶЦȻѾظ;ƿݣʱԾɳ˲̡ưԼĿӡ
㡭ȥڲǶùң
Ȼָʹ
ù㣿ҶЦȵؿһѾȥ˾ųɶļһ
¶ʱ򣬾Ȼҷʹ
ʲôˣʲôʲô˼άôѰ˼˵⻰أ
Ϊǣ֪äĿԴ󣿳룿Σ
ֻһеļϣ
ԥʲô㲻Ը⣿ŭ
ôһҲƵļһֻԪӣȻΥԼ
һЩҪˣ֮ǰԱܵķŭ
̧֣֣ѾһͷӣϷļⶼɪɪȷʵ޾֮ˣԾɲ˸ԼǰҰ
ֻҪɱǰСӣǿڵҵˣ
ֻҪȥܶصˣȬԪһ
˵ǰͷϾȥԼˡ
Ҫûˣǵõ֮ҲͲȥġ
˿̻ȹԼСɣһоҪ
һľ磬һ͵ĵҶЦʺϮ
ĹʥԪ֮µ˵֣֮
ɱľһ
ҶЦĿɱ˵¶һ˿ڽɫ¶ѾȵزȻҪɱң
ͻȻһͦһɰƣʹ籡
Էһ磬ҶЦֱһ˲䣬ʱɢ٣
ƣһΣ
еŭ
Ǳƭķŭ
СƭҺÿ࣡ĻԼΪﰵϷ򣡡߻
Ϊ𣿡ҶЦߣǲҲ⣬û壬˵˲㣻أһأȴעˣ˵ȴǱؽֵģ
ߺٺٹЦ֪֮֮󣿳ߣȻǲϷǰȴֵһᣡ֪Ϸ˭ϷǱ£ʮ󽫾֮һϴ󽫾֮ϣ
ҶЦƤⲻˣ
ŭ£ʲô
ǲ£ֱӳֻɱ񲻸ǸɾαôԼݣǲ£ֺôȲİ۵ͷѹңҶЦԴ絶罣Ϊƾڵκβң෴Ҷԣһֻ׵ļQѱQĸˣ
ˣݣҪ˼ɣӹأҶЦһУеǿڵķأɢź⣬ֻҶЦһ̣Ʒ֮ʣ⵴Ȼ޴棬Ȼ˿ռ䡣
ҶЦĿעߣ߹ȥ
ÿ߹ȥһɭȻɱŨһ֡
֮ϴ˼ȫѪ۵ϣ¶һ˿ȴҶЦһһ˵ֻҪǰϷ֮أ
ҶЦļǰߣһߵ˵֮ϣ´󽫣ʮǰ׷ۣױһ·ֱʮǰ۳ɾͰҵΪ֮Ľ֮Ҳ֮ˮǴߣΪʮ󽫾֮һ
ҶЦĲǿǣһ̷Ҫã֮ϵϣ˲ʹԺе˳
֮¶㵵ɫ
Ȼ벻С˵ԼȻ䡣


296 նɱ
ݵǿ߰񵥼أһչΪǧǰһı޿ģ˼սҹһʤȴҲˣǽ𾳵ĶдȻҲȡ֮һ۶Լоһ޼ɵĲߣҪ֮˴ٳ˽еĲǿ֮ս
ܹ֮ɱģΪȷʵҪԸߣߵȴҲ޾ˡΪ⼸ǧͻƣҲǲһ۷ѣ
ҶЦЦţŽ֮ϵ񣺡Ȼû˵Ļ˫Ŵλ׵Ĳ죬ôǰʲôǡϲǰ㶼׻ɱҡڣҾǰʮٲ¾վǰ֮ңҲΪνҪɱƣ˵տ˵׻ֻڡΣ˵Σ
ҶЦŽ֮ԽԽѿɫ˵Ҫɱ㣬ľ֮ͣ
֮һ䣺ɱң㲻ң
ҶЦϾѾߵǰɣͣסŲҲңˣѵΪֻҪ죿
֮Ϻһ㲻ƣ˵ҳ˵ΣĿ־壡Ҫĸɱңֱӹֱǡ㺦£ɱ֮󣬻һŭ˭ܲ𣡡
ҶЦЦЦȻǲǿߣҵ£ҵȷں£ҺµȴǱۣ㱾ˡ
˶٣ϸĿŽ֮ϵľ񣬵۱ǿҲãҶվδ֮£㣬ȴҪӦĵ£ǰǹԱû뵽˵ҪȷѾûԱԣҲŻߵô
仰һĵӣֱ˽֮ϵ
һ񣬿νƽʧܵһΣҿڵ״ԼֻҲҪȥ
һжΪǸѡԱ
ԭ֮ȫ׼ܻܿԱӵһ׼߷󷨣صԽ࣬Խǿ׷Աһչ˫ϣ˹ȴҲδܹϹ߽ߵǷʼգֱѾɱһϢˣûгֹԱļⷬľͲķˡ
ʱ̣ܵ֫ѾҲ鲼͸Ŀ״֮£ûκ˻ޣ̵סԱģΪķˣ
֮Ҷԣ״֮£ǸԱĻᣬҲûʲô̫ˣǻܾ޴ƿڴ©©壬Աô
֮û뵽ǣܵԱʽȻý飬ǡö
һǾʮ˿Ŷ
ݹ쳾ʮԽ£ȴҲûгֹһΣ
ȻʷǰһΣȴʹԼϹϵ
Լ
ش˹ԼҲ˶̤ϻȪ֮У
˿ҶЦ֮ϵĵͬ͹ըһ㣬ѹ֮
ΪСԲŵѡôһҶЦվǰոʱ㻹ܹ߱һҹвʵڣҺȷûˡ
Ϊĸʴ֮Ѿ˶ʴɾ
߹⼸֮䡣ҶЦԣҲˡʵ;ƿ֮أʴ֮κεĲǿߣ˵Ķô
֮ŷ֣Լµļʱﾹʴòӡ
ľԶƽղŸΪֻעҶЦȻûзּ״
ȷʵԭѾشٶȰϼӽϼӶǻ췦ˣ
һʱ䣬ҡ
㡭زⶾ֮˻ȵ
ǽ֮벻׵ĵطҶЦ鳤ҲǳףһƷƷˮ׼϶޷ƾΪԴԲ޵춾
ҵȻ¡ҶЦ΢ЦҪµĻôϻѾȷΪȻҪ·ˣҹζ飬ҿɲԸⷢ
ϡһ죬Ѿʡ
֮ϴ㡭
ҶЦһѣڣȻ
һߣĿһҡҡβͣȻ󡭡֮ϵɲǼʧ
û֪κ飬ЩҶԲҪ


297 ռ˱˾
ҶЦγһӣմŵѪͶأɲǼӷӰ٣»ָһˮҲƵɫ
ûûʱˣиҪأҶЦδ䣬𣬸ո߽֮Ķ֮һһèֱɾ֮ϡ
ҶЦĿ꣬Ȼըɵޱ߶ֻӦ˵ܵһ
ڸոգҶЦ뽭֮֮ʱ͵ռڵ֮󣬸ҶЦһ֣һ޴֣ܺȻû͸
ҶЦԭǲŵģղʮ˿Ŷ壬ڵˣȻû͸˵ȥ˭أ
һͨͣȻս֪֮˴սʤ֮Уʮ˿ŶӪɱԷȫԱȴԪĲϤڵ֮ڣǾʮ˿Ŷƾ٣ʵȴγ˵ıը֮࣬ȻĶ֮ǰɢĶȫգ֮ʹＫ֮죬һ˳ܹȫֻպڵؾԪǣɽھ֮ϵޱ߶գ˾ȻʧʧȫĶȴĲֱ棬ڣڵظ֮Ѱһ߼ϳ˵ܵԪȸռ𯳲ˣջޱ߶ʱգδزܳɾµĶ˵
£һֻèһû㵽ֻ֮ȴûǽ֮ϽڵˣҶǲߣ֮ϻռƣû׼ǳ׳ȫ֮ϣҶЦҶЦڵߣжΪ裬ڶϤͼ˲䣬ֱӶܵԪʶ
һʵĺܱ
ҶЦöѶ˸̣֮Ѿ׵𣬵ȴһβҪ˵һںôɵãܵĶݼ
ҶЦһһèֱɾ֮ϣĿȴޱȣҶЦʮ˿Ŷ֮ǰɢĺ֮ϲñȾʲôأǵ濴ȥͲɫֻ÷ԲɿռһŴɫ£źɫ»ڲϵŨ
һͨȻܵĶݼƴǿױȣҶЦе㷸ⶾòеԵ⿴ⲻϳֽڶĺۼͿɼһߣⶾ֮ңռ䶼ƻĵ̫Եˣֱӽ֮ռ䣬û׼޾ռ䶼ñϮƻ
ҡͷֱӸ֪ˣ㵱ǰⶾݼԵ٣Ҳ÷ָ˭ȣڹǳϼʵʵģϼ򶾲֣һжĿǣֻҪȻ֮ܽˣš⻹öǳΪˣϼֱӾܽ׾ǿɾͿˣͽ޹ˣ
ҶЦԵʱˣԷ񹦣ԣϼסĶݼһŨֻƬ̣һŴڴСĺɫȴϼ׷գҶЦ޾ռ䵥ٵСռ֮У
ҶЦ㽫ⶾֱӽϽֹڵĶΪ̫ǳ㶾¹ͶⶾĶ͸ɲˣҪӵг壬ӽ𾳵Ϊ֮󣬲ܳãõúãȴҲ𾳲εľ
ҶЦ˶ΣкӥСԣٶȳ˲֮漴㽫ȫ٣صףһصĵؿҲԵ٣ֻǷࡣ
֮һ˸κͣѸٴɽַ·ɱ
Ϊνһƻǰ΢ڷɳ֮ʡ
ΪǸĶѨȻѰ֮ȴ̫סζָ·ơҶЦһ棬عŮˣζζڲסġ
ֻһԵתǵע
ҵҺͶǸʯߣͲעһʯˡ
ʯߣͷβֻ˶عͬԷȻĴϢ
һȻľٶ

һʱ֮һѾȥǧ֮⡣
ҶЦûټһ½ջЩʲôֻڿռţ֮Ǿ뿪ϣԲˮҶЦ·
ɱ˱۵İһλ𾳳ǿߣ۶ڱ֮ػ쳾춼˵һ鷳¡
һ˲пܷ޷ƵĿº
£٣գ֮䡣
ҶЦô᷸޴Ĵ


298 
ȡ֮ϵܶҪҲûе̫ʱ䣬ȴǲۣȫ·
˴ɽַǧ·̣ȴȷȫҶЦǰһ·ϳһ·˵
֮޶֮ľ룬Ϊ־Ǿĵˡ
ҶЦһ·ɱȥߣ·̣ѾʮøռݹϷֵˣ
ֻǵǧ⣬һ⣬ҶЦ־ѾˣȴҲûж˵ʲôֻԽ˼䣬־飬Ƕ˲ҪӲҲҪȻȫٸ·һֱȥΧڣͣ˽Ų
׶쾪׼٣һʱ־ϲòƶЩӦããȻ֪롣
ڵӣ֮һ䣬ط󱾲·̽״ҶЦѸ
׶ͷȻԣȴȥá
һֱҶЦ·ʼ԰һ·񾭣ڻʱÿϴ˸裬·Ÿо֮ǰ۵ƣȫϴˣݹ״̬
ڻɱ˽֮ϵ飬ҶЦ˭û˵
һΪ˶֮⣬ӥСԶһֱشûгʲô֪
ҶЦûн¸˪˵ȻΪģ֪˴£ɫʲôҲϽҲһ©һһأ
ҶЦԾԼµβ֪޷죬ȴ֪һ㣺Щ巽µҪÿһڳ֮ӡ档
һӡ飬֤Ѿ
ԼɱģǱ죬һʵĲǿߡ
Լھ巽֮һǸһһġ

ʵҲ֤ҶЦĹûд
ڽ֮һɲǣͥǱȻ𶯡
ֻðʱ֮ӰǸһ㼲죬Խ˲һľٶȣѸٽӽ޽
ʱҶЦһ˲߳ȥǧѡ
ҶЦ˻ϴϢʱ򣬱ͥļˣѾɽַ
ôٶȣúţ

ǰЩֱ仯ҪжϾߡ׶ҶЦʱɫ֮䣬ȻЩɲȴβסćNNɪɪϲɫ
ɶ¶ҶЦбۣɶ¶˵ɣһȴҪǿװ˱صĵУ֪ĻΪˣΪһ֮ев

׶챻ҶЦһ仰Ǻһ£־ڼ֮ǰͻȻһ仯仯Ʒ˼ȫѭ
ҶЦüţʲô仯ʲô״
־µ˵ٶȡͻȻ䡭׶죬֪զ˵òŽͰ͵ͻȻ䡭ˣһӾʮ⡭ʵ̫ˣ˵ʮ˵µ֮ǰĽȣǡ֮ñнȵʮ
ҶЦͷţ
ֱһ漣׶˷ĪͷƤڷըþͿʥأнԶѰԣ֮أĲҪʮʮ߼ӳˣǾ֮һ꣬൱ڡƽһ꣬࣡㿴
׶ҫһչʾԼǰļΪڡһչ¶⳾֮
ȿȿȡҶЦ㲻֮£ʱ˸һͷһĳ
ĳҲ벻׶ȻڸԼ̸̸úúõʱȻ伯ȫչ¶ơ
⧲֮£ҲһɳӣЦеĴţŭѣ߳ŭ㡭׶죡Ҫı
𣺿զͲǼأٱˣⶼٱˣİʣưǱᰡ
׶ɵۣͰͣҡǡҲǡǡ
ҶЦѾɵ˵ĳˣȴЦˣɶ˵ɶ
ҪڵΪ⣬ⲻֱԶ׼֤ôҡ׶켤ѣˣѾͻƵʥԪƷˡ⡭Ϊֱζ벻ġ
ҶЦбۣһʥԪƷܸô̶ëߣ˵˵㣬ôʱ䣬ȻŵʥԪƷ㡭
žž
ҶЦץס׶һѵ׶һͷһĭӣС꣬籡
׶ž¶ʶĨһˡ


300 
ԭֻԪƷˮ׼ǰǰһһʱ䣬ͻƵʥԪƷԼоÿһ춼ڷɣĽǺųŵûʮҲԴﵽġ
Ҷˣô
᲻ôһ㴵ëأ
ҶҶЦ죬ӻ֣õõã˵ҲףҾֻ˵һ仰ڵĽȣǾǾǾĩˮ׼׵һԼ˰ɣ㻹մմϲΪԼô
ʵ˵һ䣬ôȥĻһα䣬ĻλãƵıסŵĻȥ֪˵ˣ
ҶЦһ׶Ķͷ籡¶Ҫǰ֮ڣСӻͻƵʥԪƷ֮λͷβ군
׶Ķӡ
ҶЦô˵ٸҶЦǿȴɲԹΪ׶ԼոռʱλʱΪɱԼô
ͬǲһĶ϶ʱ䣬ԼΪԼĽմմϲʱ˼λѾϢĳԽԼ˼ҸѾߵԼȫ͸ĸز
־緢ĵ⾢Ȼ޴ͬʱΣƴ󺣵˳һĳȣӵ֡
Ǿʵ֮һʵ
׶ʶԼһս˴λϴĻ桭
Լˣ
Ҫû𰡣С´ûУ
׶ʵظоԼʵǲŬʵ˷Ϊʵ̫ˣȻ˼Ĵ꣬󣬼ֱǿԴ󣬲֪ߵغ񡭡
̫֮Ӧˣ
ʲôӦõأ
ȻǾһٶʮֵŬȥҹҹʱʱ̿ȫȫȥ
flagĳɲǼ˼Ѫһ㣬ȫĵͶ뵽Ѫ֮С
ĳ˵»ӷΪ⣬ҲΪ
˵Ŭ޿ɺǣߵı֣Ӧ֮⡭ڵǡ׶ѾչֳϣֵصûУֻڴϵʱȻҪҪ
ɶ˼
Ŀģ
һ֮£֪ͨĳ˴˺ַ˯Ŀˣ㷿ˡ
׶צҲЧ󲻵˵ʵűʾ½⣬еΣȴҲȻ
нϽ˫ޣη˵Ϊȴǲ֮µģĵλܹҡҲη˰֮ԼЧһɷŬϽʵǺ£ԼͨϣǣǺһ˼˱һˣҲ˵˶ˡ

һٲȻ˸վԭɽַһƬʯƽԭ֮ϣעǸ״ӡ
ߣ˸ȫһεˣ˵ע۽
漴һ֣ԭֹϢɽȻһεķͻ
еʯէķ籩ߣʯ֮µнʿк⣬סȫһֻǵȴҲֻССһѡ
ӣȻѡԱˡǵİǧŰٽʿ뽭֮ϵһǧ˽һαը֮Уʬ޴棡
ûа飺ΣԽ֮ϴ֮Ҳ˲ǡȻҵԱҾԱҲ˲أɵ֣Ծ޷ⳡԱҲȫī涨Ȼԭ򡣡
оǡﲢûзܵڵҲɵ㣬ʼǲʵȻԱȴľʹ𣬱Ȼ跨ȫڵϣͼоĽңеɵ㣬ôĽʿȫΪгɵĸ֣ÿһ˶пռװڣֳδ̫ɾˣ
һռװƬû¡
Ҫ˵ĿռװԣΨһĽ;ǣʰս
ԣֻҪҵʰսǸˣҵ
ĹǷǡ֮ǸҲ൱ʵܡ֮϶ӵвʵ̫Ļܽս֣
Ϊ׵˳ֶԡ
ǣϴ˿˿ۣеһ˿ӭϵ
һ˵ıȴڷᡣ
ãһԾƮҶЦͶعĵؿϷһ֮£϶ʱƽƽһ֣Ȼȫ˹
ķ
ﶼģΨмλãǲĿĿġ
ȻƻһЩۼ


300 Ӧ
սʱ˶棬ɽۻɫһ䣬ϸϸ˼£ŭûκεϢΨһܿ϶ľֻйչˡ
Ϊʲôܹ϶ˣһ˲ʵ
˶ȻвعŮˣôζɢҲƱػ֬ϡȻûָоǾͱȻֻڴ˲
Į˵ϴУ֪Щ˵һżµѧʡҵʱ򣬰бĴ죬ѾǶµף
ʻǼһʱſڽ࣬ͻȻͨ죺㣡
𳳣
Ϊ׵۴һȣ϶ϰ˻ȥ棻Ͼţȥ棻ߣǰ
ŵ֮˵ʱ䲢
Ȼѡڽ֮ϴսܵʱΪԲ罭֮ϣÿһ˵Ϊڽ֮֮£ȫл׷ϣ
ץʱ䣬жģ˼ɣɱ⣡
ΣһҪҵܵڵһҪûȥŴ֪۵ŭκ˶ܲ𣡡
ǣ磡
һŸˣһα㼴ʧˡ

һ·ݿǰ֮вϵģɱøɸɾȻ֮˵Ĵװ
伲ͻ˾õÿڡ
Ƕ˵ֱӿɡ
ΪȻҲдȾ˼ʲŲʥԪƷΪﹻϵλĶ֣һͱܣʱҶЦ֮ǰĽæʾʵʵ
˴˿̱ɱûΪķ飬ֻڸղŵһײ֮У֮Ѿвڷ
±Īȴǿ̱ʹ֮ϡ
ǲܲΪѡϵĻԼÿڣò£ļǧˣȫڷһȫ壬׵ȫû
ǿʲô˴ȥûУ
Уˣ壬һӶٶʵ̫졭ǣǷӦʱӰܼƲˡ⡭

дװϽɣ
ҵʵǳֻЩ
ֻɫţǾˣǸΪľ󣿡
ǡ
ˣôܵǵĸڷҳôλھעġ
ҳǱȫҶҵϵͳҶҾǲڸõκηչֻܳ޽ؽƴܲ
⼸ϣҲ͹ƬؽƴˣͿС֪֮ķϣȥɣ
˵սһӣһͣͣ·̽׷١
ǿĵ裬ͷɱԶߣһƬŭ
ǲһᣬҵɱҲͰˣһ죬ҵᣬˣûκܻһҪпֶΣĥԸοֵܣ֮飡

ǰߣ
Ϊֹ׷ٹ·Ѿһˡȴûзκõ
ҲȫҷŮ߹ζ
֮ǰҲô
֮ǰûע⣬ϧһ·ҪȻ϶ʵķֱ
˵˼𣿾ŮζΣ¸ͲŮ˵£صģûŮˣһ㣬ԲŪ
ǣ
֮ҪŮζҪôɺϣҪô׷ٵķûǸ֮ˣ
⡭ҲôԵġ
ˣǰǿϢƺǡߣȥ
˺һ㼱ӣɲǼȻ˻פ֮ڡȴִ˼յģȻû
Ӵʶһɨ֮£ȷÿ棬һֻˣһһŮ
һ꣬һŮͷͷһ𣬲鿴ʲô

һһ죬һǿʱץ˹

һС
ɪɪǺʱͻȻͳůıѵСȡ
ڿʲô
ۼľֻŮ˵Ҳʶصͳһ¡
Ϊܴκη˵Ůɱ֮ϵ˵֡
Ͼ˵Ϊʵ̫ˣ
ֻԪΣ
ȻԣԪΪѾΪˣʵڲ統У
˵Ϊˮ׼㽭֮վﲻ֣ȥҲǶ϶˲һëģ
һŮȻҶЦš
ҶЦʱ˻о곤Ļͦ㣬츳ӺܹȥȻʱȴǲɵ̾һ
ǰһֱ֪ʲôп뷸ˣ
ǿϧһˡ
ŮϵӣֱϵǻҪܼ
ôżҰ


301 ̫
ȫûظ̾һ䣬̾ˣΪ֮ĿʲôôСֵģ
ȵƤʱһֶҶЦŵ飺ţ̫Ҳֵ
žһӣйµ˼䣬Ȼζ
ԭ˶ĳӰ컹ȿּĳ˻ƺŵû겻ˣʻʱ򣬽Ͱ͵ľҲ˵ԭһĺøеʱȻ޴桭
û˵Ͱ͵ĵӹߣ
һٻ⼱ʧ
ҶЦһƨڵϣƺǿ챻ˡ
нʶԭعע߶ĪһЦס꣬ǰ׷ȥȴ׷ȥ·ҵʱͣס׷ٽŲ
ǵ㣬ԼǶѨϢ˵ΪӦûҲֻʥԪƷˮ׼ǵ׷ٶȣ׷ﻹû׷ΨһĽ;ǲߵһߣ
Ȼ֪׷·ǾͲӦټ׷ȥˣ
ת
ǣ磡
һ·ϣһ۵糸ֻǶ˵Ц
磬ղΪڴСҸʵ˵ɣһǾԲģղſŵˡ
ţʲô
ղǰŮ˵ĺģһҾͶˣһǼֱˡҲǶ岼һĴƤ³ˣǶҲɻҵһּ˺
ߣپһΣԼϲŮⲻʲôȽҪʱ̣ʱǷݻ˼оǡëǽɣǲģһ죬ëϣΣͬĲ𾳳ߣΪѱϹڴ£
ΪΣҪ֪ԽƯŮˣԽǿ󣡱һ첻֪ô¾ǿĵˣòף
Ϊɫ
Ǻɫ߶ʱͨ죬ŵŵǡ
Լķôʱϴ˵ʲôŮˣû£Ļ

һֵΣǹȥˡҶЦһᱳ쬵ģһȫ亹ȻвµԷܿϹȴҲû뵽ô죡
Լһƴظ·ϵֻȡ˸Ĺ򣬶Է׷ˡ
£ȻǸƣ˵Ϊÿһǲ𾳵ߣκһѷɫڽ֮ϣ˵á
ҶЦвǣ֪ǰǱô᲻ʧ˵ɣǱֻ»ΨǱ߶ü¡
˼ҶЦڣȻ֮ǰڱȡΪڶĿռװջ񿰳Ƽ࣬ǲ̰ˣʰЩ£˸ϵ֮󣬾δػóе̵Ľۡ
Լ̰Ｘγ˹ԣȻȷʵܶӰĲ֣ȴҲδΪԼʵ̫˳˳ˮ֮УȻΣ׻ѳ飬дôջԼľ½һԼΪ֮־壬һ¶Ҫúµĳ̶ȡ
ϸԴԱϵκԣȻһӴջ񣬵ԼʼǺһ㣺Լһˣ
ֻԼ˾ߣߺ׷ҡ
ʲôù˼ɡ
ڡԷǨŭĻ֪ûϵڱŭ֮£ȴҲȻһ·ɱ¾
ҶЦ뵽ͿԶȴż£ͷĿ񱼶һĪ
ҶЦеʱһ£ֻ֪µӵ״չˣæӭȥ
ô
ɱġἸ̲סҧгݣֵܣһ֮£ɥˣ
ˣ
ҶЦֻоһ鴤ɫɲǼصˣ
֮ų˵ЩǱ¶ǿߡȻԩͷծ۶ԷǺεǿߣһѪծǾֻܻ

ڣ
ӱʮ겻˴ɥֵǵǱȴһʱʮ֮ٶȼֻҪŬŲõδǱӵõ˳Ѫծ
ǣ
ֵӢ鲻ڿã
˳ر˺ޱѩ

ҶЦ˿ͷء
ȻڿܷĲҶЦ׼ǿԿܵĵУʧ⣻ٵһ̣仹ΪԼһʱʧв
һͷȴҲ֮Լ̫ˣ


302 ׷ɱҶˣ
Լ̫ˣʵ㿰ɨһУﻹҪӣﻹҪܣֱӶֽɱУȻûҪ
ڱ֮ǰѾǿ̫̫࣬Щǿĵˣһ̫̫һҪǿ
Ψӵǿʵܱⲻң𣬱

һһҶЦڼʱ̬ʧͬʱȴҲᶨǿִΨǿʵȷѲµİȫƽϲ֣
ǰΣһ䣬֮·ͬһ䣬ҶЦ˳ƻתܲû֪ʮøÿнº¿϶Ǻ£˽ʼĩԵΪѡ
вǧ·̣ͻصҳˡҶЦһһλȥҲ׼̣ôʱ䣬÷йһˡǣҶƶˣ
˵ĹͻȻǰ泾𣻸мҵսǰ洫
ٹƬֻ̣˶ˣǱǰææӴܣȴ˺ɷһں׷ϣǰ˷Ѿˣֻάϵţ
ʲôˣҶЦĿһ˵ؾҳȻԶػ·
ˣǴӷҳǵķһ׷һӶ͸ˡ
һ׷һӣٶȶһĿ졣ȴѾʣǰ澡Ӵܵ;ĩ·;ƿˣӶڴΣûʲôĸԶ׼ѡ
ңǼٶȸǳֳԽԽƵʣ״̬һҲҪ׷ɱԼ͵ðԼ
ں׷ϵȺˣ˶ڣʤȯգһèץ浽ζ
үαͽͣ־ܰɣ׷ϵ֮˽еѾȵزûʲô˼ˡүһúӣοװ״һ
ǰһ󺺲ֽ״̬ǷѣϻһԲѵˣ仰ȴ̲סһ༥ĹƨһΪѾľһıСˣ˭ߵغĶ£˼رѾ磬ھȻҪ𱨣Ѷˣֱһ
Цһүνľܣʶʱ߲Ϊܣʶʱߡֻ·һ˵ˣү㲻ɣѵӾͲҶѪеıѶ֣ȴִӺ˵𣿡
ǰλүȻŭȻһѪƨҶҵϵѪ崫йƾҶ๻ʸôǵΪȴƶ˹ӵʾˣҽðļ޳֮ȣ
Աһ˺ȵұʵϽվҪٺǷϻ
λүһŭҺγ֪ҵѵҾô޳ܵĻһô
һʱһȥһ£ߣ
λүŭӣһϺҸɲ
ּҲ˱ڣ֪֪㱳أѵ㻹¶Ϻ󲻳ɣʱԴܲһЩҪұϣҶ˵ϾӣϺ󣬾ԥ
үǡΪɶӣǵұء
ͻȻһ̧ͷ֮ʣǰҶЦˣʱһҲָҶٱˣ˭Ҳ߲ˣǰ滹Щƴ˰ɣ

ȻֻֻƬҶЦѾ˳ߡ
ǰˣȻҶˣݺ񻹺ܸߴϵӣ
׷ϵȺˡǷҳҶҾ֮ˣ
˼˼־磬ҧĺϷÿȤҶЦЦЦһ֣һ˺ܸɴͣ
ҶЦҶҶصһ˵ͳͳûкøУǻɼǰڷҳǵҶЦԲȥ鷳ΪǸʱҶЦ̫С߶ҶҾһóȻǰһϾͺ鷳飬ûҲ㣡
ڡ
ҶЦǽȣ㹻ĵԼֶӦһУ
ǰ˭ҲãֻҶƶɱ֮һ㣬ҶЦȫ⽫˾£֮ǰǸ竰ܼӽԼĺóŰѹԼ˻ᣬҪǲһϢҶЦʶԲԼ
ҶЦ׼ֽ֮ʣȴǰӵˢһԼǰʮɴһ˱ߵؽеӣүүǾһս
һ仰˵ڣȻһѪ
ѪҺȻǺɫģ


303 ·ƽν
Ȼ˾綾˼ʲѹֶأսȫƴһһĿѾѰҪƴһͬھҶЦܹܲǵĹǱضҪʮ
ǡ
ҶЦһüʱǴԼѾƷ転һ˹
һһ򣬼䣡
ҶЦһ
˵ĵзƶ֮һ֣ͷԼ·
ʾ˶սʵս͸֣
ơٶȡз̶Լ׼ȷȶ޿ޣɱ޾
ȻΨһźȴڣ̫ˣΪ̣һĳ̶ȡ
ĸ֣һˣγϻĹƣͻȫ壬̣ĲһԷַ֮ܲˣ
Ȼһ˵дʵĸܾ˥ˣôǾǡΪж˥ߣΪ̣
ҶЦüβ˷˳Ƴ
Խ뵶֯һƬܹ£ҶЦûжԴһƬĹг
šҶЦ붯ǲҶĵĲҶ˵ǰ״ݣһҲһ֮ȫľҪҶЦýôһ£׵ˡ
ҶЦѡʩչ΢֮ʩм伫ٵĿ϶ͻΧϾ״̬ǿžžʵ̫ˣ˲֪ǲǶѹù߹ˣĵп¼ûп϶ԣٲͷһܹ֮ʵģ˿޼ȴǳһЩ²ڵĿ϶Ҷүƣ˲ʱͻ
ҶЦͻܼڿһתȴź׷Щ˹ȥ
׷Ϊ֮˿ͬһ˾ѻҶЦ뵱ȻΪҶЦ뼺ͬ飬˵ĵ˾ѵĵھʱͨãϧԴڨҶЦѾж
˵ĵ˾ѱû˵ĵһͬˮ𣬱ֻͬˮ𣬶˵ĵˣҲδһǵˣ
ҶЦһǿƳУ˾Ͷʱоëֱ˶Ǽʶ㣬þ֮˲ʱжϳҶЦΪΣȻѿڶ
һȻ֮£ɲǼоһƬ
ԼûжȣںĻԼֵ˵ʵһλĵˣǿһսԷƷ׽ϵͣͱ統ǰˣ뻹ᱻֱӷɱ
˼ھ綾Ϊɢʧ룬Ƕ࣬ҪѪҺˣʱһλ޻ٵĳߣȴ֣֮
νǿ֮ĩܴأ˵״˼Ҳˣ
˵֮󾪼ҶЦжû۵ͻԼУƾݵʵ˦Լ˰֣еΪ޵ķʸ˲зʧأŴ¶ʱиͬʱӿһɾ
ӡҪ
ϧһӢۣûս֮ϣȴı֮ܵ£
ôĲģ
ͷڷֲģȴٶȲҶЦǿͻеĹ֮󣬺ȻûжԼչˣɵһȻ
ôõĻᣬزɱԼأ
תͷһɵһϲһ㵣
ֻǸǿһͿİˣȻ˵ǿƳ׷ɱԼȺ֮СŷӵҶҾ֣չ˵ɱ¾
ȫ֮ͬǰСΨһСŪ֣ҶҾˣҶЦ˵㼴˾Υǳ
ԴӾعҶЦѾδǳǳȻҲǳ棬ȴҶЦ϶ıڵӦַʼҪѷɫһߣͶѣΨΪԼıҶЦԶܾʵҲ˼ı죬۽ʡ졢κһҲѷɫǳʹϣҶЦȻѡΪԼľ
Ȼ˼ʵвͬ˿ҶЦڼߵУκһ涼ѲѷɫǳΨзѷɫţ˵ѷɫôʲǰ״Ⱥϼ߾ЦȺзǳôΧв𹥻ԴۣҶЦѡ˾Υǳ
һƬǹ⣬էֳ徣ɽҰ֮Ƶı˵أǻԻҫ
ǳһʽһǳֺ쳾죡
˽һĺƽ񾪣Ǭ


304 ȡϢ
漴һѪ⣬ʮ˵һҽУϡ߾Ȫ
ֻһնѾʮӦɥ
ΥһǸʤ
ȫͣ£ҶЦһתڵϣס׷ߵǰе·
һء
·ʵǳҾǲӴ·ߣػطԾҲ⡣
ҶЦֻһһ·м䣬ȴͬʱһָо˾ôվ۴κһͻƣǴ·ͨ
ǿҪͨôֻѪĽ
ҶЦվţǳббָŵ棬޾ǻԺâ˸˸һεѪ˳Ź⻬Ľεڵϡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻָѤâ֮ɫ
ûһ˿Ѫܹǳ档
˵ɱ˲Ѫ
ҶЦһһվһĮİɱ
׷ϵһٶȻֹ˿
𾪵ؽеҽҶ
ҶЦ˼ԱĿ֣ûмҶҾʹʶģҲš
ҶЦ̧ͷĿעǰһٶˣûκεɫ
ҶҾͷΪ֮ˣȻҶƶ˹ӵҶƶ˵ĽϹˣȻһģȻɥҶЦ¡
ҶЦ֮ˣ֮ǰ˵ˣȻǶҶЦϤİˣҶЦݣһ¡
Ҷ
Ҷ
õҶҽ
˼ôΪҶҾƣѰҷչٵ̣ԶҶҾôھҶҾ˵жԣֻô
ЩԭʶҶЦģΪ֪ҶЦΪʵˣ𾪣ҶҽȻ۾Ц쳾ΪԭһţԪƷòƲ̫ǰؾôΪʵ仯ΪòЩ̫ţ̫˼ء
ҶҶЦҶƶ˵Ļ֮һҶЦЩɵʵ
֮ǰҶЦĶŹȷϹҶЦΪ˼ʾҶЦʵ˹ͬţǰҶЦǸԸǰ֮˷ҶЦһҶЦò֮ˡ
ΪҶЦ֮ǰΪͻȻΪ飬Բܷ
֮ǰһ𲻹£ؾƼ治ʶѵĲáҶЦЦЦǱڴˡ
㣡⻤ʱһȻֲȻŭҶЦ˾Ǻ⣿
ҶЦʵȻǰ»дʣ񲻺ʹˣڱ˴ʶһҾʵ߸£ν·ƽεǽ˵ıɫ᳦ģΪȡ֮һƽ֮ˣǿöԶ٣ô۸˲дΣ֮ˣûе֮ˣ
λһĻһסˣҶЦ˵ʲô
˵ʲô·ƽεʲôģ֮
ǣ᳦ģΪȡһ㱾˵ĺ𣿾Ȼ˵ôдʣϲ㻹Ҫ
һһĮںһ֣ɱ
ǹҪɱ֮ˣԼţã
⡭
ҶҾӪ֮Уź֮µʱ߰˸¶ɫ
߰˸˺һܹ½⣬ҵȽܹҶ֮ŵҶΪУ֮սˡҵԹۡ
һЩ˹ȥ
ǮĿΪӦ֮壬ҵȲǿŵ˿սţһ֣ɱⲣ
߰˸ɫĸӣ˿ҶЦȴڻ˿ٲһ
ҶЦɫȻˮȫκɫûٶ˵һ仰ֻеĽ⻪Ѥ˸
ͬʱһɱ˵ɱ֮
ɱҶЦΪԴͷɢٶȼ죻иܵƵģͷΪ֮һݣ
ÿֲɱ
ɱһȡ
һΪʵףǲףղҶЦһѾΪ裬˼˫жҶЦǰΪ磬ҪԸҶЦȻҪԶΪʤθҶЦɱҶЦʱڼӴ߼˵ڣһϺȣһ۵սĻ
һλĿʥԪִһڿնҶЦݺҶЦһȭ
һй䣬һȭſľ磡
һȭǵͣҶЦǰ£зλ
һУ޷ţΨӲƴһ;
ҶЦҲ࣬һӰȰ֣һɫ⻪ͬʱϮ
һխһιо綾Ҷ
â֮£ӳ÷Բʮɿռ䶼ɫ


305 ˭棿
ҶЦۼһȭһǶ٣ЦЦƣֻһӣ
ͬʱ̧Ȼ縧֮һȻ
ҶЦӦһ̣ҶҾ˻˾Ϊ֮ȻиղžһǰߵֶҶЦۼߣλʥԪͬʱϮһǿͺһչܣ߷ɣҶЦôƮƮĻػʲô
ǱսΣս󣬲ˣϷ̨أ
ȻĿ֮£ǳӭǿڴ㶾ҶҶЦƣӭȳֵһʥԪֵĸһȭһĶãһһƣֻλϮ֮ˣ
ۣ
ۣ
·Ⱥ
һȭһһ𣬳ȭ֮˾Ӹ£ռ˵˳ƿ͵ǰ壬һȭһ޻أʮ㣡
ȻȭͷײҶЦƵһ̣ȭͷʱѣ顣
ξһСγײѩ޻ȴȫ͵ǽ֮ϣ
Ȼ黹ԶԶûսᣬΪӻǰ̬ơ
ǺСҲˣǸ첲ţš䡱һ죬ǰ״̬֮ķѡ
ֻӦ˵ǱҶЦһˣ
һߣҶǳӴֻźһ죬Ҷȫ޿ص˲ʱΪ촷ۣǳȫͣ͵س˵֣ұۣ࡭
ͬ۵һ˵ͬ顣
һ˫ɱͬʱǲ·ʵķǣʬ
˺Ȼ𺳣
ҶЦʵʵ
ĶãҿһıһзһĹȴǿĵˣͬʱУ
ԷһȭһȫȻûиҶЦ°ռתŲأֻӲƴһ;ҶЦһȭһҲͬǰзλ
㲻·ҸӲ·
ãĩ·̣
˼ʣоѪ׷ɣҶЦһϮ£һȾ
ҶЦ̧ͷŶһٶˣ˭
仰ȻĮȴ˾Ӹ£ɱİ
һҪ˵ʲôһʿ˳һƣȴֻǸɿһҶƶĴ֮ףҲҶЦһȭһ𺳣
ҪɱȲ˵ܲܶҶЦв϶ΪԼһӶҪüصĵˣΪɱ֮ҪĿ꣬һ˼ǰһɫ
ҶǴ֮ҶԼ£δԽ޴֮ӣ뱾ǷҳΨƽо˵ҽԱŻξڷҳǷչȴǱ󣬸ǲãһҶ𣿣¹ʱڴ˷Ȱһ䣬ϣ²Ҫ£
һȵӦԼķǴ֮Ҷʲô壡׷棬һ֣ǰ봹֮ҶΪУǽռȥһԵʲô鶼ûзҶ׷ڲ֮ղԶӣ
ӱԴʶۣһԶ˵ľΪҶЦ¸ǴȣɥҶЦеʮһԴȷʵ񣬸ҶҾ֮ҶһһԶ˫вںҶЦӶˣڹ˽þʹ˷֣Ϊǣ
ǣҶЦȴֻһͷˣ˵˵ʲô˵Щһ仰ʵôаҶҾల£
ȷʵల£లµĻǽõ᲻ɴβƣҶҾûưɣа취ĻҶҾԾ˺òãС
Ȼβ֮أ߾Ҫ䰺Ĵۣʵ߳ߡüֵߣٿҲãöʩԮֺòãǰ֮˸۾˵ϹΪôһĺ˵˵˵Դ˵˲Ű
ҶЦЦһ༥֮ʱһŭ𣺡һ޳ſڴƻں˸ӣ׷棿˭棿ɥɥĲ˷ָıС˲Ҷ棡
һأɫ䣬ĿҶЦҶڷҳˮˮҼҹҲǳϣܹһֱҶǢĹϵ
ҶЦٺһЦҶƶҪӱǢϵˮˮҲ˵⻰ǹǱߺòãǲеģ⾮ˮǲȥˮôأղ˵ϣڸ㱾ӵϣֻҪǳҳǣԺһǢ޼䣬޷ң
ҶЦ۾һЦԺÿμҶԶ˱ᣬôҿɵ֮Ǣϵһֵģ־塣


306 ݿ
һŭ֣һһֵҶǴҪҴ֮Ҷô
ҶЦδ˵Ǵֺ𣺡һⱰ޳֮ͽʲôʸ֮Ҷ˱ڼһĹûʸ񣡸Ҫ˵ʳܣٵڹ˵
һҲͲסһȣɱһϣֻҪɱҶЦ˾Ͳڻ£ʹ˵ãȴܵǺ
֪յѾע޷ˣ˵֮ʱ͵͵ŲͣҶЦȰˣȻãǲУֻһ£ɼʱǳ֣
һһ£ҶҾһһٶͬʱ
һҲǽɢ޳ȻǼɱֱ֪֮֮һգҶЦʵ˹Ψһȡʤʱڼսǿ֮ʱپɱҶЦٸҶЦݳֵأ˸ƣǾ͵ȫûɣ
ҶЦһХԶԷ糱ƣ˿ŴңǳٶҫΪǹһɫ⻪ȳ֣˷˽һһĨɫһǿƳ˶ԷȺ֮С
ǻҫޱɣ
ҶЦХУǳâʢޱɫǻ˲ʱغɣԻѤõǹ⽣Ⱥ֮ɱһѪ·
ҶЦ˪ºŮسѵǰ©ŮʱĽɱ
ҪŮҶЦǰС̬֮λûһλƲӣһŮħͷĴ£֮ʢʲôЦƴ󵽲֪ȥˣ¹˪ͬǳĲ˵ҪǵĺʲôģҶЦ֮ŮδռϷ磡
˳Ķ˼βҶЦӰǿƳȺһǿķΧмңð֮Ƿ˻һ㡣
λɢḷ́ȻɢȴᵱʧνԲǧɵĿռ䣬ȫȾûɵһƬ
ҶЦ½ˣֻҪòʵؽӴ̣޲˲ɫڣҡҡλ߼ʹ˺Ȼء
ȻͿʼʴڻ
¶µĶͬСɣ˷ţСԣǳЧף治ף
ҶЦĿӥĮ飬ҽ֮֮һƬѪ죬ֵϱĴҷɣ˵Ѫɺӣ̤ʬ
һضļͷȻԵõȡ֮֮ȴǵҲŹؽϵɡ
ڶˣһʵѣҶЦ¶п΢Ц뵱ҾҫҼδһ칪ʢ㽫Ϣһɡ
ҶЦĿȷ˿̶ϵģĴ֮еģ
ҶƶĴһǮģзһںǮ˽ƣԭǹȴҶЦղŵĵǻˣļ磬δӲӣȫܣȴҲΪܵˣҶЦ
ҶЦصǻ⣬˲ģĺɢʶæסŴӴܣӰһҶЦѾǰ
ľ˼ʾֻԼһ˶ҶЦðһֵһаʽңתߣϧŸ߳ɣֻоؿһͷһǰһĨ˸ǹĽͻأðšಡһ˻ȥ
ĵʹ̱ڵϣȴҶЦһ֮£ȴǴӸϹĵǮͷֱȥһֱ嵽ǻ
âȻ͸ȴǮм
Ѫ꣬ҶЦʮ߰˸ɥ佣¡
һǻ겻塣
һĴΪิһܹ֮ΪĴ֮ף˶һݻǾѣԴ˿̶ۣȻȫ֣ǮҲһ־ѻҶЦûг֣Ի󷽣ʵڹ۲ƣǰѻ˳ȻԸ׼ʱȫ˽ҶЦսںֱӵͷܣʲôҲȲñȫҪ
֮ǰҶЦһ̣ͷҶЦǰΪξ͸ģȻ֪ҶЦ֮ǰΪôͣôͻȻ֮࣬ҶЦΪߵףߵ͸ĳ̶ʵԭ˾ѻϣͼңϣҶЦ֮Ϊټ࣬Ϊʲô֮ҩﵼ£ȻиΪȻȣ;սδһûתǴ˿̿ҶЦԽսԽ£Ȼһ֮նɱ˽ʮλʥԪ֣Ȼ֪Լжϴ
һϡ
ӣ
һ£һӾǰɡ


307 ټ
ҶЦʵ⵽һ߾ٶһ֮ҶЦвȴֹЦһûмᡣصĻҶЦֻҪһͿԽһأֱӾɱ
ҶЦûô
ͽ֮£ԼҶƶҶҾս֮£Ҫһ˻ȥѶġ
һǸѡ
ڣѾǿҶƶ˵ҶҾ˶ϵʱˣ
ΪһӣҶҾ޶־ԣʱɢһѾ㹻˫ȻҶЦŻɽǳǹʢǻʮϢʱ䣬ҶҾһеһȫû鹲߾Ȫ
ȷѪеҶЦһϮ£ȻȻѩûմȾϰѪºˣһٶʬ壬㶼ްϢ
˪ǰжʮʬ壬ⶼŮĽ
ֻϧЩʬסʱҲע޶٣ΪŪĻδɢֵеʬ壬еʬ嶼ʼ
ҶҾ˳һ֮߾ֻԱЩҶЦιڳŵԭûгֵǼˡֻǣ⼸˶ҶЦĿ־
ǿһͷСͷͷͻȻԶŵħͻȻ併䡣
֪ҶЦʵǿֶΣνʵֶζҽ棬ʼչԵΪҶЦǸֻԪƷ
ˣҶЦչֲҽֶεʱȻԪƷ٣̶һʱ֮ͽΪԪƷˣȻڱʵԶʤвʲôٶͬľˣ;ǼУκһ׶ζˣʥԪԪǣԪҲǣ˵еĳҲǣҶǰУһ˾ˣܽȴ治֪ܽεȸ߶ȣҶЦĽǾ֤
һˣٿΪĪҶЦƺô˼ˣΪôߣȴǲɵʵ
ǻȥɣ֮ǰ֣֡ҶЦ۾ԶȻ˵ҶҾȻʽսȻҶҾս޿ɺǣҿԲ׷Υŵ֮£սٷȻǲ룬ôԺ󽭺ϼ
νǵѲһоɡҶЦޱ˵
лǰľ֮Ҳٴл˽յĲɱ֮˺вǲһֽŵǣ߰˸ͬʱһعһݣתͷȥ
ֻе֮߳󣬾ͻȻ䣬Ѹû֮С
ȻǲٻȥҶҾˡ
ڽտҶЦʵ֮󣬼ǵѡ˳
ҶЦˣֻΪѲΪУΪоѰ·ԾĹ
ǲûͷ󣬾ķչѾǴֱɾָտɴʱڽܾεʱѾܾ˼ҵԼڿ˼ƴȴֻȥͶٺƤҲʵǸɲˡ
Ҿܹɵó˼һҪô
ԼǶ϶ϲҪģ
˵ٻҶҾȥô˵ųϵ˶ˣͬеǼɫôûôû϶ҶЦŹǣҶЦƾʲôŹǣڻǲǸҶЦӦģļʾ΢΢Ҳ֣ضԴοʹûˣ
뵽ҶЦλľɱķӣҶҾҶЦǰȻ޵ֿ֮ô¾
жһһӴȽȽ
һͣ缴ϯϯأϯ쳾죡
ü᲻ɴݵĲҶҽĲҽд˼׼֤ǿɹ˿أһʧ
ûԽˣҲ뵽ĹǰһﶼǺڵóӶˣһĻᣬͰǰûϧԲеľܾˡ
׷Ī
ܹдһεĻᡭ
ˣɶҲ˵ˣȫᣬں޵ֹס

ҶЦתһƽ߻ȥ
󣬶ڿҿҵʰʬ壬ʬкȫʰһ֮УȻᣬմȾʬк˳ջضкλýɲë֮أʮ֮κԻǳֽ֮
ҶҾ׷ɱ˴˼ϥڵϣؿҶЦ
ûܣҲûߵ˼
˱Ϊ裬ҶЦһ֣˾ѾжϳԼڵ״̬ҪƤߣҶҾ׷׷ɱʵǾԲܵ顣


308 ˾ȵ
ٿ˪ó֣ûָ˵֮ǰһָҶЦҶҾΧĵڣ϶ӶݣǾŮֳʵŮ֮еκһԼڵ״̬¶׵ĻɱԼˡ
ʲô
ӣֻŹأ
λ۾ҶЦûп˵еĽ䱸֮⣬ȴҲԶ׼
ڴ£˵ĵ˾ѣҶЦ߹λ壬һ仰˵
忴ҶЦһҲ˵ֻǴ£˵ĵδؾһѣôͼνŪ飬żɽɣ
ҶЦͷͼҵͼ쳾֮λƾ⼸ֻϺܰõͳ⣬ɲǴԲѷģҿԾǵСҲߣҪһô
仰ҭˣ
Ǳһ仰ҭðû
쳾
˵λ㣿ҶûĿ꣡
СҪôԣô
ǲܰɺͼҵʹ죡ҶЦʹ֮ҶǵҵףӻͲͼͼʲô
仰Ŀ󣬶Ĳ
巴λҶʲôͼ϶ϲôǹ̬Ҳðѻ˵ô
Ҹղ˵·ƽεǾǼΪҶЦ᳦ģΪĻһӣԲžһֻǵѪֻҪҶҾԣҶƶԣҵῴҲܸˣ˼Զ֣͸ˬˣ˸Լı˵ĵˣУղҪ˵ĺǣȴأ
仰ǽһ£ҶЦǾ˵ĵ˾֮⡣
ϼ鴤һ£û˵ĵԭˣԭ˼ҸǳΪѡ⻰ǲ˵ǲʸΪѣҲ̫˰ɣ
˵νΪҲãǼ˶Щʲôˣ֮ˣ˶֮òƻ˿ԪɢһҩһΪҲϵˡ
ҶЦ壬Էֶιݵģ˼ҲܵýڶѾԪɢҲסȫΪȫԾȵأ˴ʧѪ״ѩϼ˪ϼӽ
˵ɫȻ
һڣҶЦ㲻˵ԼҲп˵Ȼ˾
ص壬ܱסүһԼӣסȫ͸ү
ڵܴص壿
Ǽʮ·Ҳû߲ġ
Ȼ̾忴žڵϻԲѵĹӣһᣬȻ챯ţѵűС˺䣿ڣ궴ŽѵͿջᷢ𣿡
֮Ա
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴʱ˿̣Ӳӣ;ĩ·ʱҲȻ飬ᣬ֣
ҶЦʲôУͼüҵͬ𣿱Ȼвҽ֮ƣûкôƲԮҶƶΪԣֻҪ棬군ģõᲩͬˣ
Ȼ˶壬ֱ粡ҩɾȣ˿ҽƾʲôǣ
Ȼ֪ܣҶЦ仰ȴ̲סӿһ˿ϣ
ҩɾȣ˿ҽһԾ֮ܣ֪֮󣿱вҽǼٵˣ͵ԼСļҶЦû˵漴ӳȥƿƿÿ˷ɽⶾƿÿ˷ⴴˡ
룬óһƿĿŵҩ˾ȵף˵ÿһɽԪɢЧܡ
һƿ֮ԱǣԱĻɵ֪еʲôǶɢ֮ҩɾȣΨвΪ֮ܽ
ҶЦһ˵Ǿܾ֮Ǿ֮ܣҪԲѣҩˣԲԣŲţ
˵վʹתͷߵһߣٲ⼸ˡ
Ҳ֪أҶЦÿһҶԼҶʱЩƲסԼƢ
ЩҶЦҭ죬һɶ彫ŭҪеƿݺ顣
ҪԱһ쵰磿Ǽ٣һϣ˼Ҫǻõô鷳أ㡭
һôľһ˵Ųӵʮ˴ҶЦĲҽ֮ԷģʮĴǴҽҩ㲻ϧֹҪˤӵģӺˣһɷ⺻


309 ֮
صĴ˿ҾܲǸСһ˵ǽʲô߸ϣӸ£ɨӲֱֱֹͺʩлһ㡭ߣҪԣҲŲԣӣ죬£
̾˿ǿ˵ҪԣﻰҶЦĶʵҲûʲôģ˵ǳ壬Ī˵һҰʾҶЦҽ֮鴫ܹʮ
ǶɢĻ춾ȴҩɾȣ޷ҽ˼ʡ
ҶЦƳ籸˴нƿ˹ȥһһ޾ɵشƿƿ
һ̣ϽͻȻ͵صԲ۾һԾ
תͷĹĵţһ鲻Խתͷлʲôͷ˻ôĲͣлġ
û˵꣬Ҳ̲סһһ˫۾ǲһҪɳۿˣ
ƿƿڣһڷӿɢɫͷ׵Ѥù󣬸һɹζ಻ĳǿףԭܵҪظ֮䣬ɲǼͺ˲١
˶Ǻ쳾һһĴ֣ŷּʶһߣ˼һһĻʱѿھ񵤣ǵƼĲ񵤣
һ̸ȻҶЦеôˣĵƷʹں쳾λͬľӣ߶˫峤֮Ҷֻ巽ۣлмĵƼ鵤ȴǾԶǰõ鵤ûеʦܹκһƼ鵤
ҶЦһ־ʮüŵĵ񵤣Ѿνֱܹݣֱǡܼӣܼӵо
˻Ȼ̧ͷűԼ˵ҶЦ²ĳִ̫֮࣬ģȴŨŨĲ
˼óºеĲ񵤾ԼԼȴҪ˼ҡ
ᶼɵˣں£ҪԼѼҩƿˣ˵λͬ᲻ɷԼԼԼðԼŪ
ֻѾû˼ƣԥϽ˾ȼ
졭ӷ¾鵤һϲܣЩͰͣţ죡
æҵĽŽⶾ˵һŽԪɢĵҩڵϻԲѵȥȻŽԼһݷȥ
漴Ŀһ
ã
Ȼã
˻ɣƼ鵤ȻǲƷмǶɢĻ춾Ǻ쳾첻֮޽֮ƼĽⶾǷһܹأ˭ҲҴƱ
ǽⶾȥϴظоԼɢݵĶأѸپۼһڱ⣬ڱȻҩ˳žų⡭
Լĵڷ˵ĵ֮ҲʼһůʸУһɹɵΪʼԼľ֮мٴС
ǿԽԪɢĵҩȥ֮󣬵ĸо͸ˣͣ
ֻ˲֮ÿ϶һһһֺ£ֶԼɿԪɢɵĸЧܲ
˸״̬ȥڵתָɣƸҲ֮Ȼֳӿ֮״
һ̣ˣҲƲסľһ߻ħ
оˣ
ˣ
޳֮Ĵϲʵ̫Ѹ̫ˣոջʮԷݱھѾ⻼ȥ״̬ã⡭̫ôĺˣ
ֹãͬʱһԣ۵һ³һѪһѪ³ӵʱоࡣ
ȻԾɳأѾʼãҵڻҲ֮תò˼칦ָܻһС룬жްһġ
ߵĹүȻԾɻԲѣɫȴҲѾÿ࣬ȷ˵ˣһɡ
ֻҪүû¾ͺáǴ־֮˳
ֻϧλֵܡϲԼþ֮࣬ȴһ᣺һֱǳŵڡ
һᣬ䡣
ǳ̾ϢȦҲˡ
ǴһʮˣһҳǣҶƶһ˵İ㣬λֵΪڻԼ˴ŹܣϺ󣬵ͬл춾пԪɢת
ʹ֪λֵĸԸϺ޻ڣ˼Ծɵ
λֵܾԼǰһһķȥ龰һǰطš
ֵܰ
ʡ
˳Ĭһĳء
ֹã깫ӵ״ȷԼҹݣʰһ飬ͬʱߵҶЦǰ񣺡лӾ֮£û


310 
ҾӹȻ᳦ΪǸˣӲĺܣ֪Ӻˣ֪ҽֶξ˹Ҫһʶ
λ嵹Ҳˬúܣһ֪ԼˣǸ
ҶЦνİڰ֣㶼˵ҺˣҪǸƽϣ˱ӵĸţȻѾûˣ͸ˡ
λأɽˮڡҶЦ˵űվк˪һˣؼˡ
ȻǺԾҪתȥ
ڸղһУƿڲᣬͺһ΢С£ֽˣӳôѼĵ񵤡

״ʱЩɵۣҪߣҶҽɶ˼ƽ׵ӳʮżֵǵĵҩߵغ֮ҲԸ˵ˣѵǴ˵еİ
ϣȻڣ
ֻҲеˡǿɾʵʵڵķˡλҶӣҲǷӰ
ѵĲں
£Ѿ⻼ҲѻָתսδްҪʲôѲɵϱˣҶЦϾȫεᷳ
һҪߣΨֱϵӡ
¿ν
Ƿģ޻ˣǣɵǣȻˣ㻹ʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
˵ˡҲ֪˰
Ǹ֪Ӳǻˡس죬˵仰Լ죬˼ؾԼѵ˵˼ǻ˲ɣ
ҶЦͷ˵л˵үµĸʲôƨе㻹˼˵ԼǴˣҪǶǻʵ̫ˣĲҲˣ
ƨ
ĸֱӾͽҭˡ
һɶʱĹ˵ƨ
ʲôˡ
˾ȻҲɰˣôʲô
ƨԹɶʱĹƨ
һߵؿֵܵʱȴֵ֣ܶһ϶ĹղŷƨһӪֱ԰׵һ֡
ܸɳµˣԲǴˣ˾ƲôģǶ£οҶҽ
ȱ
û취Ʊǿǡֻ˼Ҷ
ġ忴ֵȫû˵˼Ϊͷ磬ֻٶȿڣҳǣίʵǡ޹ʣһˣǼ˵Ҽҹ״ʱ˵Ļ
˵Ҳ˵ȥ
ȻƵȷѾӵȵز׿˵ѰӻĻЩƤܲ˵ġ
šҶЦĮһ
ҶЦҶ֮˴һšȴǰҪѻȫ˵Ȼ󡭡Ȼ漰ҶЦǷԮֵ£
Ƥǣȴֻҧҧѻ˵ȥɥƱزŹǡԣԡ
ҪѰҵıӻô໰ּ𣿡ҶЦʵ
Ѱҵıӻ𣿣
һ˼Ѿӣĵ׵ǷݱȻȥ˼㣬ȻһӱˣɴǵģҲûбܰ˵ĲĲеģӸղѾɱ˵ˣֵ˵ĵڴ¡
˰ˣ˲Ҫ޵УҴӦˡǹȻˡҾ֪鷳ùܡ
ҶЦ仰ͨ졣
ҶЦüڵҾ͸ҰɡҿɵȾǣҵĵ˲ǵ٣ӲǵĶࡣʱҲĪҪڣռˣҲҪġ
۾һô᣿ʹ˵ˣȫָˣ
ѿڵһ仰֮ĳ˵ûеˣ˿ĿɳĲתΪȣתΪ㤣ȴǾޣ
ȻҲû뵽Ȼô˵ҾȻˣ
⻹
ҵ졭治˰
ҶЦ޿κεĵͷȻˣ͸ɡ
ϲлҶҽ
ǰɽˮҶЦܾ˴һԴڻ״̬֮еĹү޴ȥ·ţ;·ҶȻ֣ͻؿԣ
ҪҶЦڵһߣʹ˶˼жȴҲֻ·һ
޷ս
λҶҽڣȫ˼ֱϡ
屳ԵṫӣҶЦȻδҶЦ鵤ȴѾʼãһһ߸·⡣
ǸҶƶһ㶼ǳԴ֮ҶɣҶЦһ·ߵĲ죬ʵƺ޻˵һ㡣


311 Ҹ
ǵġим֣ػش
ȻλҶɫĮƺԼ˺ǾԶ֮ʱȴԼˣ˽ŲԼܹϡ
ҶҾǿУʱܴٵĵڣߵôðգƾģҶҽڼ᳦ƣǺܿ׵ģ
ҶʮԼˣ֮Ҷٳ御Ҷҵϵʱֵͦ˲Ŀ̾Ϊֹ֮Ҷ壬Ȼ鴫ֱ
ҶЦ仰ưǱᣬϲŭ⣬޷еʲôǰλҶƶ˹ӣڷҳǷƸ꣬׷ƣǡȿȣҲٺ١
ȴǼŲң֮ҶĴңһ̾Ȼ
ȴԴԣһһһ˭Ҳ벻γȻᷢıʡ
⻰˵δʧƫģҶƶҶӣΪҶҾƶˣڷҳǻ÷ˮ𣬴ټͷΪ֮Ҷ֣¼ʵطҶҲˣҷжԣ⻰Ҳ̫ĨɱģԲ˰ɣǶǴ֮Ҷˣ಻ǷϵһдҶֵġʲôԭ򣬵Ⱦ棿ҶЦʵ
ޣҳǵǸðƻҶ࣡ʲôʸųƶ˹ӣ̵ķߺޣƶ˹ӣھҵıϡ
ϵ֮ҲûйҶֻ࣬ҶҵĲФһѣ
Ҷ֣ͺ޵ҧгݣ
ţҶЦһβˡ
Ȼһ׷ɱ֮˵ĶԻУԼԼζߣȴҲûһ仰еϢô
廰ﻰĺ壬յڵָժԼΪðƻƶ˹ӣðƻ
⡭仯ʵ̫̫һɣ

ڽȥһ·ϣһֱػؾãҲûκεǰɱν˳úܡͬһ·ϣҶЦðƻ¼࣬Լഹ֮Ҷڲ֮¡
֮ǰҶ巽۵Լ֮·Լ쳾ʮ֮ȻҪسν֮ʱȻҶʼȻʮδȻҪɳ˴̽һ¡ҶǸ˵Ǽ縺Ŵ̽Ǹˡ˭뵽˵Ȼ˵ʩֱɥĲ˷ָ
Ҷ࣬Ŷһŭ֮£µ
˸ߣʹԴ͵ɶҲû
˵
ҶôĲФ˵ҲҶҵϵô˵˵Ҷȫڹꣿλԣ뵽ʲô˵ʲôҾ͵ͻȻˡ
һĵϵ̳ˣҶƶ˹ӣҶ࣬ȻҲǼĶӣȴֻƽڼֵõҲʵ֣ϳɳأΪͿءԲŻ̽һˣֶζȫ޵߿ԡ
ҶЦŶһԭˡ
ԭƶ˹ӷƶ˹ӣһͷβðƻֲǸҶƶһֻĸ˳ĸΪȻȥĶǿ߻һңԶľ롭
Ҿ˵ô֮Ҷʮûг֣ôôԭˡ
ôҶЦ۹˸һ£ָժԼðƻҶҵϵȻһðƻ
£Ƿ
Ҷ൱ĸ֮󣬼ɽǱͻȻֱʣҶڹȿڣʱ֮øʯĪɽȳ׷գǷʯǵޱȣʵظǼӲ֮ҶұʵصƬȫ
ҶҶԸʯĸָƣи˼ʱ䣬ʯһĥ飬ȻһֱûյҶϢǵʯأҲΪ֡˳ѯɳѯ֮ʼѶأʮ˺ƶ˹һ̤뽭һıߣÿĭ׷ɡ
ҳǣҵҶ࣬Ҷ൱ͽȨ̬ҲֵһʵǸûκġ뵽ҰġȻȻڱߵ˵ȥ
˶ҶЦٺٵЦЦ
ĲѲ£ͦҲϸЩ룬µı·Ӹ·Ǹ֮⣬֮УΪ
ǣȴֲ¶ô򵥡׽ţɥ״˿Ԫɢǣɢٷܹҵ񶾶ҩѽ޽ҩ˵Ѽʮü֣ȫµƶ˹ӵķ֮У


312 ˣ
ǡʮλֵܣҲ벻Ҳ벻˵ˣԼУ˶ϵʵֹүȻȶ֣֮ǰ֮ˣֻҲɥǸɥˡ˵۾ˮ鲻Խ
˱һǺǣĶֻˣҶʲôģȻû
Ļ쵰õľȴҲ˻춾֮ȫ޲أȵطȴѾ֮
ҶЦ֪ôӿڣؾ˵ϻȻҪɱ֣ȻҪ˵֣ѵѡвصַΪ˭أ
ּȳɣ쵰ɥĲһ·׷ɱλֵܣΪڻܣűɢ綾ʴ壬ΪǶϺ󡭡һҴ棡
챯Хλֵܣÿһг߽ʵֵܰжȣܿԪɢںһΪ಻һ㣬һ˶ɱٲȴΪҶǻ쵰ıƣ³
ֽ߬ȭͷͷ¶ҲģΪҵֵǸе裡Ѫ𣬱ɱǻ쵰ʮ˴Ҳޡ
ԣȴǺǺһ˼ʵȻԸ϶޷ʵУ޷֮ڿڣǻ쵰ʮ˴ĳλԼ屳λ϶ǲɱģ
ҶЦĬһ£ֻɣ֮Ҷκ쳾ʮ꣬ΪҶԡ֮ʱۺۣѳǿƼ֮أεĴĴ⣬ȴô᷸ȵͼҶʵƷΣҶҵһɱΣߣѵҶҵĳҲҶЦһνϳɾܲôϺͿɣ
ϳ鴤һ£һ㡭Ҷҽȴ֪ġ
ҶЦһĿľ⣬ѵҶϼڲǸ߲㷽⣿
Ȼβ˵¹ҶһܣҲܸ㡣
ҶЦȻǻǾͲ˵ˣҲûȤҪ֪Ҷ˽˵ձԾٲǰ
̾˿ˮ䣬ҶЦá
ҶЦΨҶҸ߲֪Ķܣô˵
ĻȴѾͬĬҶҸ߲ĳЩ״
֪ô£оλʲô鶼ƺԶһȻ׵ҶԼղ˵仰֮ƺЩ䣬ֻ˵ֻӣ
Լĸоȴ֣⡭ݻ䣬ֻȴִӺζòƸҶҽڼ裬ôϰɣ
ҶЦҲˡ
ᷢҲûʲô֮
Ҷһֻ߱Ϊ̽·һ˷ҳǣԼ֮ҶļݾȻôãѴ֮ô
˼ܲ仯
˳ҲЩҳҲЩΪʲôȡ֮
ȻҶ྿ôģǲö֪ҶЦãԼƲ⣬ȻдȴҲȥ
󽭺ĵƺ̰

ҶЦոհú⼸ˣͿϲһ·߹ҶЦߣȻֵĴ˸кˣ޻ˣ
ҶЦԶʱ˸£һĿ
ǳ
Ȼ֮ǰܰԼޣ˫ϵ֮ƺѾ̸Ѿ˺ô̸һˣ
ƴðģǸĴкʽ
Ϊ˭ǿаÿɰ
ҶЦͷһӦǳʧܣ̬ʧ⣬ʹ˴¡˵ģʽا䣬˵Ǵ߻ħ֮״̬ΣգҪصԴ
ǣĳ߲ΣյģҶЦҲѽ׳һӳ֮ˣȴҲҪμ穣δ
ҶЦС𡭡˵ϳ࡭㡭û°ɣ
Ȼ˸ߣЦ˵ɶأɶ¶õúܺõúܣõĲٺˣ
ҶЦʱëȻĿ࣬һͷһ亹乶ѣ
뿴һƤ׷ͷߵ߶˵ˣȻʻʱָӿһĺü߸ߡ
ֻжྪ㤣
Ӿ㤵ǡкȻĴģСˡ
С
ҶЦױˣ
һûڣôϻˣ
Ϊδܽף־ˣ
һתͷн̤ҡͷԣСһ緢һഺãΡ
Σ㡭ҶЦס
ı仯ΪϵмѭнôҲһʲôë
нЦμˣڻˣϲɺء˵꣬ȻҲһߡ
ҶЦĲ֪ԣһͷ亹


313 
ȥǱ߿ٺźߡнҲˡ
ҶЦ˿ЩˣһôˣһˣнҲˣ
뿪⼸죬ʲô£
תͷȴһӲ߹
ҶЦ°ңڻиģλҪһĶûˣԼûˣ
ʶȻϲô
ˣ֮ǳһ漴Цϲҽǳãرã൱ĺã۹
ԲۣҶЦĵ·ʪˡ
û¶ɣһһĶ˶ˣ
Ҳѧ
˵ɶ˵ɶأ⼸һôͶɱˣʣ츳ô֮µĵһǼôҲٶʮüλɣ
⡭զˣ˵˵ҶСʵ
զˣûզûզŹײİƵף˼ųƾջʢһЦݣͻȻҶЦǰ˸ߣ㿴ʲô仯Ͷô
ֱĸߣ
ҶЦͣ仯ʲô仯
ת˸¿˰ɣû仯ϸ
ҶЦͷͻȻоÿ£һһĵզˣ
찡ذѵҵλܾǼˣ
ߴߴߡȻĳ˵۹Щôˡ
ĳֱӷˡ
찡ɡ
ûˣҶһ

֪áȫ״̬֮Сֱ䣬ƵʵˣΪҶЦ⿪˼š
еֵܣģ֮ЧʮҪࣻԴҶϧĻᡭ˵ͻƽλƿʲôģ׵ĽûʧܵģΧΪȻϲģȻ֮ǰ״ͻȻòһˡ
ʵ˵Ҳܣ־һ죬üúûáĸÿ֮˵ٶȣȵĻϣһıҲ˵зΧΪȱʮ
ֱҲľЧʡһʱ⼸ÿڵĵ緢˵ˣߵĶǵֹֻһ֮мÿҲһٶȡ֮ǰɣʮÿȫ˵ǰˮ׼Ҳʮ֮ǰΧ
촽һ£õܶͻȻӣٶȡнȣԭʮ
ʮˣҪǲǲǲģ
˵׶Ǻ롭ʮ൱Чʵٱٱ
һ죬ʤһ갡һÿᴿ֮£Ϊڴ˻ȡȫͿֱΪС
Ŵȷ˴֮ȫϲ÷ˡ
ϴܵЦݣ֮֮ڼÿһ춼ͻƣӦÿһ춼ֹһͻƣҲˡˣǲֹʮˡ
ҶЦбۿ䣬ֱֱһ仰˵𣿡
ÿһͻʮϣϲ¡׳ذըΪһ£ΪȻΪľǰˣذըһȻҶЦŵñĸ߸Ҳ֮е飡
䶢ҶЦð죬ȴֻҶЦһķ
ˣ⡭ȻܲҶЦķӦ
ղſ˳нλܶľˣ޴ϲѶһ㷴ӦҲûأҲ
鷳ٸϸ˵˵ھʵΰɣҶЦʵ
ʵڲҶЦȣҲ⣬ʵǡҶЦǸоⲻͦʲôɾȿϲأȻ˳ˮɵ飬ϰɣ
ʮλ֮£ѾʹҶЦϸ˵ˣϾʮͷӵжǿΪԪӳ֣ʮ󷨼ӳɣкֱ֮СٶҪٵòӣͻǻףǲأ
ҶЦȴûû˵ʼĩҲͱеĲ
ϳ鴤һ£ȻԼ׼ըûӦеЧЩƣ˼Ƭ̵ǾΪߵĳܻѾɹͻƳƿ˲𾳲ΣΪ֮ǰµۻѸͻ˲𾳵һ㣬Ų𾳵ڶ
ҶЦۣͷأֲϻ·ˣĸߡ


314 ˷ܹͷ
꣬нη˻λԭʥԪƷˣѾ̤볤ʵ֮֮ǰ˲°ٱ
˵俴һҶЦɫֻҶЦɫ󲻶ƺ޶ԡ
вɵһ£˾ǾˣϢ˿Ѿϲģһİйĵ׵˷ܣȴ޶ԣ˵Ǵɽǰɫ䡭
Ҫ˼ǾˣݺľѼ
⣬߰ʮˣѾʥԪƷ۷ΣھͻƣҲֻһȻ˵˾̫ľϣʱ֮ͻƣһֻǷȱľֻۣʱգؿͻƼޣ߲Σ
šһΣҶЦڵ˵ͷ
ȴһϢڳɾͲ𾳣ꡢн򸾵˽Ȼۺʵֱֻڲָ߶սĴԾҪμ穣ʥԪƷ۷彫˰ˣֻҪõʵʱҡһڶĳǿߣǾʵĿɹۣ
⣬ԭֵǧˣĿǰΪֹΪʥԪƷϡ
ҶЦĿ佱һ䡣֮У֮УΪ棡
ɲǼֻоԼòЩۣȫ֪ôȥˣ
ʵôĳ˰ɣ
Ϊһ𲻳ʱĽʵڰʱͻͽֱȳ֮ʱǧΪ쵼߾ȻܹôȻ
ʵôĲûУ
ҲҪʾһ°õİɣ
ڰֽΣҶЦ
ɷ֮ĿǰʥԪƷ۷壻аҲһ֮Ѿ̤볤ˣʥԪ۷塣ڵΪǳһƷ
ҶЦβĿһۣ䵱ᣬޱ߼һΪȫϣԵɺ֮µԼñ֮壬񾹵ǿ֣֮ȷʵ컯ŪˣŪˣ
кɷ֮Լٺ쳾Լ񾡶ȻɾϲˣǿСοһ
ʮѾﵽʥԪƷˡѾͻ
ҶЦͷĿɵȻתΪԶҲ˵ڵľѾ߱һ̶ȳеˡ
Ŀһ˴δǫˣھһģκǿУǶа£
κǿСҶЦһʶĿЦһ
֪Խ֪Լ֪ʵ٣Ҳˣ߲εߣ֪ǰԼʵжǳոս֮ԾΪĿӣһǿߣȫ֮ԵУòαװݼѽ٣
ʱûгȥһ֮УûۿֵǿʵĻ룬һͬĸоҶЦҪĸһ仰ʵ
ԶԶ
ڵʵΪоǽʵͻȻͻͽĻϣһִִǸоѾ޵Уʵ˵Ծɲ̫Զ
ڵǣһǿԾɲһ
ҶЦء
һڰɣŴ͡
ܹӵΪʵ˵ȫ֪ģڴ֮ǰζΡû뵽ǣѾӵôǿĸھУȻֻ˸һۣ
ԷƱԼ
㸺֪߲ͨ㣬Ͽ¡ҶЦٵĴҪ飡
ǡȻͷȥ
ȥ֪ͨҶЦ˿ԭһֱޱȴ¶һ˿ԵЦݡ
ʵڰ䷭ʮ˿Ҳαֻ߲͵ģ
ΪľҶЦȻǸ˵ģܵģκ˶֮˷ܣΨȴܱ¶
ǵܱ¶Ҫ˷ܾͷѹȥ
ҶЦ˵Ȼ޴ʵҪѹͬľ޴۷ǿߺͳǰڵʵԾǲһҲǺٵģ
ۻĵ׵޵иоֻһִȫȻʵĴ
ҶЦԲԼŶ֮ڣָоȥ
谭˽ģǵˣǡ
һԸԴоôδҲֻܵΪֹˡ
ϡ
ҶЦٿ飬߲ȫʹһ١
һʼΪߵĳѡ


315 һ
ɲǾĵһ֣һְܻλܻר˾˵ȵΪָھΪΪäĿԴܻʲôԵģȫȻԾͷˣ˧㲻˭ģ
ҶЦһѵ֮£λɫ֮һѾʵʵĲ۷ǿߡ緢ĳЩͽԼԴ˿
Ͼ˼ҶЦ˵һûУְأǵǡ㲻ԣûУûУ
ɹͻˣ˲𾳣Ϊ۷ǿߣӵ˴ѴѵԪԻӻܸˣ˷ܣҸ㣬㻹Զأ˸ƨ˷ܸ񣡡
ҶЦһһøֵɣʱ˶
ǵͨ죬û뵽ҶЦôصĳԼǻҲ˵̫һɣ
ǲǾãڹΪ۷壬޵ˣҶЦ飺ڿԳˣ·ԱĸˣÿɰģϻͯˣܿòרЩСһˣ
Ҫһ뷴ȴмı鿴ңҾֻһ䣬ڵΪ𵱳ɫΣ
ҶЦʵҸҶԣ֮һˣܸ˵¿ܲܰУɵ½Ĳǿߣǲ£
˵⸽ǿߣɫ߶ǲһˣŪ㣬²ǣ
СҪ˵쳾ĸ֣۸㣬ΪԶˡֻ˵Ƭ޽жߵʵǿǲǻкܶܶࣿ˵һ䲻㶼֪ǲǣ
֪Լʵ״ȴҪ˵ĵΣѵ˵ľʹˣ㵱ʹ㣬Ҳ˵ʲôÿ˵ѡвͬ۹ȥв𡣡
ҶЦһ漴תɫΪܻȴ˶һУһֳ·úˣһĺü߸ߡΪ԰һ΢ȡôһɾͣڶѾʲôӣ
󣡼ֱǲĿҶЦһŭȡ
һͷ󺹡
һٳƽޣ𲻵òϣҶЦ˵ģȫʵ
㶼ûзأ
ҶЦղʵоٵЩǿߣֻֻǸˣû˵ǿˣǼϡôֻҪЩˣЩڵľֻڵϦ֮䣬ܼȮ
ǵǿĴڣһҲڡ
ǣһĵΣѾȥʲôزҶЦˣһٴΪ˳ϻͻŹôǻأ˼ҳô˵ҲѾǲǿߣѾӵ۷ǿֵ֮ʸ񣬿ǣʲôɾͶûУ˳ϻ֮⣬ûм۷ǿ߰ɣȡһ΢ĽȻһƮƮȻˣˣţҶ죡
ʲôǿߣʲô۷ڣֻǴӱ˿˵ӽд˵֪ھȻΪһľ޵ˣԼŪԼһȺɵ棡
һ£ǵأ
ҶЦһŭ𣺡Լ첻죿Ȳȣ
˼ҳȻˣȻˣȻ۹ⲻôߣԸ㲻ǰˣ˼ҲԻ͹ֽѾ۷ǿߣʹ޽˼ѾодʱڼıǮ𣿡
仰ڳ˵öࡣ
ǳ
޹ǹץ͡
էƺ˵Լȱǿôһж̨ϵԩڿģʽ˵ġֱָűҪܣǲҪҪģ
Ի͹
ֽˡй
ʹ޽ʲôġԸ㲻ǰˣ
ҿǿҰ
ʲôطϣκһԱ߳ȥʱ򣬶ǽ֮еľӸ¸ľԲߣֱӴȴû뵽ǲֻ˼λֻǴһֻϣһ΢ǿ׳һϣȻӣƮƮȻ֪ǲҪûпǸ׹ţǾҪֱˣûоʵȴҪһǾͲ°Լˤ
ҶЦڣео˫ĳأ޳йĲƷĻΧ£һΪһӦĳɼӣϲЦտƮƮɣüɫ裬ꣿ治֪̬ôγɵģһĵУҴ۽磬Ŀһ£
ΧʱһԼΪ̸˹ϵȥͻƣȻйʱ鳪裿ҶЦĿ磺ǺεȻεȰ׳պεɥĲľٶǱ֪ȻЩ£ŹĭӾǣ


316 ǳ֮
֮½ϣ֪𣡡ҶЦһȻǳҲֻһѣ㵽˳۷壬˳ĵزĸ߶ȣҲܱ׷ɥ֮ȮۣҲͲǸһЩϣ˶ѣ
棬һ档
զˣй޹һһεǹ
һαһء
ؾûһ˵ʡ
ȫԱɢڿһҾҶЦûкس𣺡ҾֻٸһΣǰİӲˣҲҪþúþ֮ŻУٲŬģսϣĪҪҹʱ߿࣡
֮ԻΪݹǻķأԴԼģ
ҶЦֱӷȥ
һʼһֱȻûиκ˵Ļᣡ
ֻʣǧͨ죬޵ݵľʿ

̾һϷ޳ʮ꣬˵˾Ҫһ޵ѣȻɷȴʡ˵ĲĲԵ˾δлӵУҪչ⼸ˣʵǡ
ҡҡͷһټޡ
ҲѧķɿʧȥԼλǱ
˶ͬǻƨһ㡣
ԣҶЦĻͬǵͷȣඥһ㣬˲ѣġ
֮֮Ȼǲ޵ݡ
ǰԼɾͣǾԣȻֵû裬վ쳾Ϊ˵ƨҲƨʲôֵø˵ģʲôֵƮƮȻģ
öԣúã
˶һ뷨þԼһеŬȥΪ
Ҫʱ⣡
ĪҪȵ֮ʱڣ
ɲǼɸɾӰȫޣ
ھԶһ
ֵɫ쳣أã̾һ
˶ǳ߽ߣȻ˼дˣʵո·еתȻ磬ʶȻָ߰˳ɣҶЦղŵѵҲûпرǵĸ֪Ծ֮˵ѵⱻʮ㣡
λҶ죬¶أòһ䣺ǳ֮Դƽһʱ֮ɰܣĿԶǵᱲֱȥˡηĵز
ҲĬȻͷ
ҶЦһ˵дҲױȵľ޴
𲻾֮ǰԩսǼֵܣĵ̲סһĪıˡ
Ҷ巽۵Լġ֮·ʧҶԼ˳κ쳾ʮ꣬ҶҺγǻһϢľѻ᣿Ҷɢ޳ʹ࣬ȻۺʵԾҪѷɫȻٸضļλۣʮ²ڽ߶ĵطͷͶٸ֣ۻټ̣
ԼЩ꣬Ϊи˷£ôֵǸԵΪֺֹһ㣿
ΪǿͲڱҶǹıƶóѣôֵܾɥ
ҶЦǷѵ⣬ּѵ£Լ棬Լڶ棬ѵûڲ֮𣿣
̾˿˿ϻڻԲ״̬еĹүĪֻԼˣǹĹӡҲŵĹˣǷȱΣʶ
΢һӰ˼ΣʶֺֹΪôᱻҶƣ
˵λҶֶǲЩ괫˵еڡո˵ͻȻһ£ҶλҶҲҶģҶ໹Ҫ˵αҶѪݣ
Ҳһ¡
ǰҲҶģ
Ҳǡ
ֻϧǴ֮Ҷ尡
ֻϧ֮ҶټȻ̾˿߳Ƶļλ棬չصıչأ֪Ĳ֪䡭лҲѲ֪ȥν֮ʱһջɡڣΪֻҪҶҵϵ֣ظ⡭
񡭡
˵ֶ̲סͬʱ̾һ
ĽҶڱ֮ĥ³ֿȭƴµĺ۰в൱桭
һ̾Ϣһ䣬ȴû˵ꡣ
ȴ˼Եͬն
ֱһǲ칲أȫ߱ɱԡ
λҶ³פί˼ʱ뵽в忴λֵܣƽһʱ뵽ʲô
˳Ĭ
ʲô
޷ǾǺȾƣԣˣǮţ٩ɽ˵ӣһЩű߼ʲŵĻ
һʲô


317 ˳
һ̣ԺͬʱֳҶЦһ˫Įģƺʲôϵӡ
ǷݵĮǷ䵭Ƿɪ
ӣӣ۵ľӸ£
һ뵽˫ӣֶ鲻Խвһ¡
һ˫ʲôӵӣ
һ֡
ǲǧһ￴ڵӣӵӵߣѾû̫ܹĶݣ
Ŀܹ֮˵ĮֻΪ
һʼĿ꣬ңԶ˼λá
ڵһеʧԣֻһ̣ʧ֮붯ŭ֮Ҳ뻶ϲ
Ŀעһʼ۷壬ֻ۷֮ϣ
ңԶ޵ڣ
ۣ֮֮ޣ
֮Ŀ֮ԣҪ
Ǵ֮Ҷؾûġһˡһ᲻ŵ̾Ϣ漴Ǽž
ϡ
ҶЦڿᣬ߶ǱߣҲڿᣬͬĻ
֮Իμᣬԭܼ򵥣ΪҶ࣬λƶ˹ӣ
Ҷ׷ɱƶ˹һ£Ȼߴµģõ֣ҲȫҶԼļһЩˡ
Щˣ¡ȻֻҶ֪еˡ
Ψһһֵҵǣĳʧ͸壬ʧȥҶǱ߰ڼ֮Ȥ
Ȼ֪ķһ㲻֪ı׶ȴҲ֣֮ΣҶһٻʮλ߽ߵ£ǲ֪
һе֮׷ɱжʧܣȫûϢҶಪȻŭ
ҶЦҶո˵ʱһ˫۾˳ôͻȻôǿʵ
һһɫ²ԣԭҶЦͻȻðһֵʱ»û̫£ųҶЦҲһ˭벻ôʱ䲻Сӵʵ˹ڵȴЩѰˡξ˱ˣҶЦھĻشֶΣδزȥϵĻ춾ȫָ
һĹҶĹǣ˻ָӦʵҪҶЦ˾ܰҶҾƽˣҶҾȻƺƴ󣬵۷ȴûмλܿλ߽Ϯ
ҶⲽԭӢӾɲһίʵϡõĻжգ
һԳһ£βŵӵеĸ߶սϾռƣ߶岻֣ʼղ൱ĸ߶սĻôӵеľҷûκʤ㡣
ҶݺܵһҧԡһŭССԭĽѢ֮ȻչΪĸ֮ãã
üͷ˺þãڵˣȥ߶Ǳ磬һҪ𣬻ǸСҶЦһҺ£Ҫۣ

ңؼҴ
жĹүӿλֵܣɫĮղҶ˵ĻҶˣˣô죬Ҷ˵˵ɡ
ſλͷ棬ü˵
֮ү̾һá
үӵʱҲͣʥҲٽգǰҲȥΣҪһҶȴʼҲˣֻܿһƬ֡Ҷ֪ƬֵĿֲ֮˵Ī
үӺٺһЦһеģҶƶСǳ߶սáⲻǿЦôƬֵķжôֲҶžǾȫҲ޼£Ƭ֣ҷս˴ҲԷһ˵涼
үѾλƶ˹Ӳ˼㣺ڰһ죬ȥôģ۹͹ϷʱûǵķݶĻˣ뵽ˣԼôȥ
үӺһǻ쵰δزԶ֣㹻ս˵ͳɫĵУȴȥ
үźӣû˵
үӵ˵˵Щеûô֮Ҷϵ˵ľѾ´ˣҲˡҶǵุо֮ǹؼңо޴İҶؼֻѾڶʱˡԣڳԸþ飬ؼҾͲˡ
ΡΡվֵǺúγ֣֪ͨϷ򡣡
˵Ҫ뿪
үҲϽ̬شˣﻰڵϣԹ䡣ҲԸЧ֮Ҷͬо֮ҶתͶ̥ˡöɱҶܲμˣֵһ½⡣ҺϹػڴ˾ǵϢ
ûпʼж壬ȻһӾ˳ҡ


318 Ⱥ֮
ү̾˿Ƶ¶һ˿ɬλֵܣһǰȮ˴ΣҶʩ֣ȻȻҶûʹ˵ʲôδʼվǾƼҵļμ˶飬ӿȪԱѾԾٵ򡭡֮ƼҲܲж֮¡ֵǧ£۴нΣøˡ
ү̾˿ָе̬ȼֵм飬һֱ֪ݡ
ʣʲô£֣£
治֪˵źáʵҲǰ֪ģǸФڰǰȻԼԼˣȻҽΡȻСӾ͵͵ؼ˾˵СӿǾϼҼμĶӡһع⣬λûλֵܡ
һȻ
ƼҵļμǷȻǾϼҼμĶֱͶУⶵתתôôء
ǸԸõ飬ǾϼǲܲˣϷԼԼӴˡ
үӺǳʹ̾˿λֵԭ¡ʱҪ濴ҼǳСӣǧҪɱ
ʲôݣǱսΣһһɱ񲻾͵ڽԼԷҪôôݵأ
ˣͬʱᣬ۾žүӣЩҪһȥȻô飡ϼҵ˾󣿣
ĲμҲͲμˣⲻʲô˵顣ϱͶԸ
ǡүͻһȴвȻŭͷһ˲ռôıˣȻһֱ˴ֱ꣬ڹ۲˵ǾϲĲĴĻˣ
ʵ̫̫̫˼ˡ
үüëһʵĸӣ˵˵ˣ˵Ĳ岻Ҫϣȷôɱ
϶ʱ򣬱ӵĿ۽үӡ
ү¶һ˿Ϊ飺ⶼϷ̲ܽϣǡǸӣӴˣ治ɶɶȫţǸ
˵ʵ˵ȥˣǵͨرס졣
˶һּӵ۹⿴ϻ쵰
ǣ
СֹǵľϼϵѣСӻǾϼһһţڳ֮ǰѾʹ̥ԪˣһӵԪƷʵҲĳʱʵѾǽԪƷͨʮ꣬о͵ԪƷʮ꣬ͻԪʥԪΣҲŲʮ꣬ȴѾӵʥԪƷտΪ˵Ĳţ
Ľٶȣݹ棬ڵ֮УҲȵؿǰͬСɣ
ɫСһǾүӵͷ⣡
ҲǾϼδǧϣ͵ѡ֡
үӸղᵽλϼҼμ̶ܴȾΪǵϵ
ϻֻһƽȥ˾ǵҲˣ˵ϻ쵰֪黹ǿ˵ùȥƣһǿɣȴһȫһһүһžûţһʱ߶ҫֵûŵĴڣ
񣬾ǶѾھְ˵Ȼڰ˵֪֪飬۾˵ϹŪء
̫޳ˣүûžүӣ˵Ϊ˶ɵôʱ˿̣Ȼܺڰ˵һ䲻֪飬Ӵƣ㵽ôƤȻܹ˵ô޳ܵһզ֪ɶʱĽƤ񹦣ȵñȷҳǳǽȺɣ
үӲȻŭʵ̫ˣ̫޳ˣ̫ˣ̫˼ˣ벻ϳɹȻ£
޳֮ȣǽǵɵӣ
ǰǰǴĿģ˷ָƽϳɹһĺ벻顭֪֪治֪ġ
̫޳ˡ̫޳ˣ޻˵
ѵõ޳ܵ飬Ȼװһ޹ĺƤ˭棬ţɥĲ񡭡
ǲţദǧֵܰ
ǵ°ܻǧֵ֮飬ҲΪһȫ
£ĲţĲŰ

үӵ۾λֵܣһʱûǡǡô˵ҡôô
үɫһȻ˵ôôͲˣզˣˣѵ˵𣿡
ǾǡϻȻһҺίӣݼզȥϷء


319 ˭Ҳɾ
Ƥ̫ˣĺȵԷ乥УɲҸϾϹˣһ֣бȻܱ
У̫߹Լ˰ɣν޵У˼Ͼ޵еļ߹У
λͷһҡͷ̾ϢȷʵȷʵϾ߹С
үӺӶڲ޿̵ŭúúãǼȻڮϷѲϷ򶼲֪ǸµŲȫǶ§
仰һүȲȻŭѽϾ㻹űˣʲô£㵹˵˵˵
үӿһۺӣһĵʲô˵ģҶֵˣʲôԲԴг޳ܵġʵϾôôѡҲ⣬һѣһ󱲼˶ѣϾϵ֪飬׿ĻΣΪ˲мһʼһ·ǣʮа˾ţδ˼ʤǰܱǴΪ棬Ϊ֣
ү˵Ǿǣ£֪Ҳ֪ˣ˭Ҫپʹ¶ˣôȥϼһѿһˣϾѿˣѵǾͺôססʹ˴ס˭˵Ǹҹȥ
үӵô˵ҲֵܣʲôҪеܵ˵һζָ𣬲ײף治ף
ȿȿȡүһԣ˰ˣ顭
үӿǸһתһתϾϣѵôˣҪǻңһû̵ģǧֵܣȻ˵㣬ˡߣ
үɫǵͨ죬ŭһҪװˣ˭ҲǺö
˲ˣɫʵеˣҾʹɢ˰ɡүӵòȻ˵ϷСôһֻ֣涼ˣɺͳɺͳ
ʲôɺͳүŭѵҾôˣ鷿ǴϾ죬˵죬涯֣죬Ҳһ㶼òãΪɵ꽨鷿ǽǶйҫ죡
үӵȻϾǷף˵ҲӦ˵ôô˵Լֵܵ𣿣
үúƻϽͣԽıŭһĵòȻװǻƣòƾһʮǵʩˣ뾭ѵˣֱǻˡ
ү죬з׷׺ڣ̰ͼһʱ񫣬˾үӵ淴֮ģȴ벻϶֮ֻѵҵĲ֪ˣ
ȴǻ֮
Ǹոһָ˵̣Ȼҿž£
үӷŭܲ˵˵ȴ˵ϹأΪõ֪ǲǣǾǸ֮е޳˭㲻Ҫ㲻֪СĶӣ˵̫̫˼飿ôˣ䲻Ҳϡۣޣ
仰ʱʯ쾪
ͷĿתүӣ۵Ĳ˼飡
үһߣôϼһô֪ģȫãǧˡ
;ˣ˼ԶԶֹ㣬Ҷ֪֮µʮã֪ǽǧɽСʲô𣿺ߺߣϹأôǵӣǹؼһһţǸĴӣòƾͽйǧɽɣʶʲôɺϲ㣬ǧɽôǧɽһģһأ˫̥˫̥ɺϵľеְɡ
үӴŭǸСӣҪݵģʵò
ţһĿ
үӶʱ֪ԼʧԣɲǼͨ죬ĳƨɻҪϼ֡
үӱĵĶŹүӣˣĵģиأھʮ֮У֮⣬ٻ߰˸˶ͶЧУЩеÿһǹؼмӵܣõģҲص󣬿ղŻһңôһȻɽ£ϲ޲ȥϷӣ˷츳
㣬Σ쵰ӲǶǧңǾʮ֮еģ㲻ʶ㲻Ϥôġһͣһ飬ͦĬǰɣԼͦ޹˵ϲÿö
㣬ƣʲô㣿ˣ㣬ղ㲻Ц𣬺ߣӣ˵ǶǰͳȥѧյӣʲôţƳ־ʲôطǧ㲻֪䣬ҿ֪ģ֪ģҪҪҵ˵


320 Ҫί
룡ƾⱰɻ쵰Ҳ˼˵Ƥ˵ʲô֣ƤϷＰĶƤƽһ˭޲ò죬СĶӣǲͶЧˣϵӣҲȥˣĸɶӸʲôʮ棡
˵ƤǿģôľǸˣ˵˻תͷ˵Ѿģȥ࣬ղòˣòƿȥҪŻһ㣬˵ݼǵݼȵϻ쵰ء
£ɫզôأ֪Ҫ˵ˣ಻٣ҲݣֱҪ¼ȫ˰ɣĴĴӸȫͽȥˡǸռһʮãȻռϯҿҪʵûȥҪǲǾͰԼȥˣеĻԲѵ˵仰ʱҿûһ£޵С
ָյļүһΣһЦ֡
ǺǺǡ
ǺǺǡ
Ǻǡ

ű˴˵񣬶һ
ԭҲ˽ȥˣ
û뵽Ҳа
ǺǡӢͬ
ɣҲˡ
Ψһˣ˼Ȼû
үӡ
ǣǡǡүˣһ̫ʧˣôɣԵ˭ԵԼɥĲ񰡣˷ָһȺʲô˰
үȴһɫԶԡ
˺ݺݵصžүӣϻ쵰̫ǶˣԼ¶ҲͰˣôǵýһ𾾳ڿɵãˣܻĿɱôġ
ʮ߶壬֦ͬûʲôǲүɫֵܣȸε񡭡һһȻ͵͵伫޳֮ȡ
ԵӢ۲ʳ仰ҪǷŵǣӦå⼸һһȫå
Ҷһ֮ˣøǹȫݣٶҪٱϣЩôѵ㲻֪֪ĺûᣬΪһǰ;ȴûС
λүӶĵͷĵһĲ
£شһʵǳ˴պһ취Բ䣬ʵ˳Կǡ
ͻȻүȻһ㶣˫ֱضүӣأĽȣİٱЩǾĻܰ˸Ͳ֪զ֪أ
үһ仰Ҳʱ̧ͷĿƿүӡ
Щϼһκһϼ޻֮Ȼһʱ¶ֻҪһ˿ҲͲ֮ǰľˣ
԰֮Ȼʲôܣ濴ȥҲٶȣûнȥˣȴֺ벻еŨȣİٱϣȻûȴ֪һܵģ
ʲô㻹֪ܲ߸ô֪İɣ֪֮Ϊͼ˽ˣô£ѵǲµģҲδ̫˰ɣ
һʱƷתͷӾүӣʱүӿúǱ
үӺٺһЦ˵²벻͸صı飬ͻȻһ£һԭ˼飬ǰʲôˣ
ѾԼ뵽ʲôүӳʵ£ͨʲôʹ˵Ҳ磬ʲôӣ
үɫһˣƵĵ֪ϢǴҲֻ֪ûдûͨˣҾ˵һ䡭Ƿ֪ؼҵһӢۺúǣһʱǰʮЩòѾӰءǰ֪Ƿܹ뵽ȥأͨЩҪ治֪״ǲǼ˹أǼһöҪɱˣǿЦ
Ŷ
үӵ仰һʱ˶ǳġŶһ˿үӵ񣬾תΪζ
һߵҪҪģ벻ռȻ
ݼɣ׵Ӱ۰
ү࣬үӣ㲻Ҫ˵ɶ֤ô˵
үӺһ˵ҿ϶û֤ݵģΪõ֪κε˿ֻ¼ߴ֮Ǹ鱨ģϢȻ΢ͨһ㡭
Ȼ֪ʮ˵ȥȴȷҵʮˣڽڵĳһʱ伯ƾġ


321 
Ҳûս£ҲûʲôҪô֣ôʱ仹һ˻ؼ²һΪЩʧ֮˵ǡүһģۺϵǰ֣ϸȻԾڲ֪꾡Ҫٲ²ʲô̫ɵˣ
νһͨƹؼڣ龡һһƣǼͶ֮û˷ؼҲפȫݣԼĿΣţݻ뻹иıΣˣҼǵؼһҩˮһ֮󣬿ԸıڣΪ˱ܣЩ͵͵֮㶼ϵɷչֻżгֵľ޴ϢأŨ౶֮¡
ŻΪԼ޷죬޼ɵָժǣռݵƸߵ㡭ûȴڣ
үӺһҲûнؼʧ֮פߴղŵķӦȴ̫̫ȴ̫侲ˣԼǾʧԡҲģǻŭӦõģһ˷ŭˣȴûӦĲȻŭ𡭡Ϊʲôôŭ֮۾ȴţ㲻Ӧõɴ۾ŭô˵ǿ֮е侲ϲ
ϲʲôϲռñȫռöࣿ˵үȫޱͷһʹ
֮䣬үɱѸתʸ֮ģ
үɲǼίҪҪǡһȺҪ˵ÿһռñ˱ҼҶö࣬Ǽһֻһ棬ȴĵ׵أǵòȻɥĲ¹ޣ޲磬˵ʲôûǰ߹УӦǰ߹аɡ
ȿȿȡ
һɿȣһĵòȻϣûһ˿˵
ÿ˵ϣЩڨڨĲʡ
֮Уֻʣ¾үһί
ȿȡүһǸ
Ըɶүӷŭ˵Ѿз𣿸ղ㲻˵ͦоôˣղŲĺƣڿԸëôһ궿ˣ˵
үӱߣ߳ŭڿʼ£Ѿ˵
үӲޣѾңȻͺڰ˵ʲôʼ¶㱰޳Ҳеްɡ
Ѿ˵ͬʱŭ
үӶʱоϼֱûġ
޳ܵ϶ղŻԼذƷתˣȻԼ˵йзŭ
⻹
찡Ͻ⼸һһɣֻ©أ
ˣڿʼԹһ£ҪζԸ顣
үһòȻ˵Ҷ£߶ǲ֮ѵͬҵĺﶼھϾѾˣھУǾܶԱ˴ףҲ϶ǲܶɱġжɲжҶ˵˵һҪؿһϾϵ飬ֵˡ
үһĴ㣬ؽҧһأԭֵеһԭѾû޵ǸһͰһȴҪ㵥ó˵£ԼȻʮȥ
ôȱˣ
Ҽסˣ㷸ҪǲɷѾģ͸ϲգ
евڶˣ㻹һòȻɶбԼҵɱ˵ʲôƣ˵վ˵ۣҪ˵жëүӴӵ۾ܲ潫ǵĶӶɱ˰ɣ
⻰˵еڣүӳ˼״
үӴͬ
Ǻڵ᰸һͨ
ʵΪжĵ޹ʧ䲻ģ첻ų˸ᡭү˵ڼҵʱ򣬶޷ּˣжʵΪ
עĿ뾪ȣԭϾܸˣ޳ˣûˣȻ֮еһ̾Ϊֹ˷ָ
룬ĳѾ˽ȴҲ޳ܵķ
Ҳˡ
Ҳˣء
Ǳˡүӡ
ҿԵöˡ
Ҳˡ
λүӣͬһߣʹͳһˡ


322 ֪
ʵλүҲ˼ˣϲԽΪܣͻʲôı֮УȻ߸һ𲡵΢еţҲǾԲܵĲǣ
ʵҪ˵λҶȻ֮ˣδһ־״Σȴ׻̫һ㡭ү̾˿ͽȥôˣǲ֪ģûеΣС˰
֪һ־״Σү֮Աǣƣҽͽһԣ°ԼˣҲҪҶЦСӿˡҪǲ֪ɳЩ˵ĵϸ֮أ
ϹشԲ飬¼鱨ϵͳյϢ߼ҽפ־٣ȴһҪְλмְһص㣬ԴͬһһˣɢԵ˾˴֮䣬¸޷ͨޣЩǰᣬ˵ҶЦ֪֪Щ˵ĵϸأֻǸûԴʵǶүӸ͵
ߣһߣƵĶŹүӣǹؼռһ֮λһλˣȫûɶر֮
ǹؼһһս¼μһүӷ߷ߵ˵µļңȫûһϲְλ
үеɫô취飬֮ĸ飡ߺߡ
үӶȻҲЩƽ⣺ʲô飿
ҺΣǴһʼǰ֧ҶģҶܹģ¼ңҶйѪ֤ʱ򣬶ҶҲлػͶұչԵ
үӵ˵ͷڻΪҶɵ𣡣ʲô֪𣡣ǼȥˣȻʼ¶֪
ˣҶƶʲôͬҸǣκһ˵ȫָƣǵĳеȱ㣡
˼ҶЦʵ£
˼Ҳ˵ڸ飬ӡү˵Ҳ˼ֵط֮˭ҪЩбӵܣЩӵ˵ˣջǵԼңž𣿡
ؽֶΣ
ܹɾʹµˣ
үһ
ؽֶΣ
˸һðүӱڵλүһ
ɵĳԣΪͶұ㾴һߣҾһɣڼӵܵĹ鴦Ϊɵؽ󡣵˷ֻֿʹһЩְλҲ޴ӱţϲ
ȴǴ˷֮ģֶΣ
ڳ߸ͷ˶ϳɾϼ޻ˣ˭׸飿ڸҶܵ氲ֵʱȴܹѵķ֣ݵĲá
ؼľǡѵķ֣ݵĲá⼸֡
ڲɫ֮䣬һдϡ
ôĵ̣ưţߴ˴֮ôϤҪεܵİŴã
ҶЦȴܵһʱ֪ӦţⱾѾ֤̫̫⣡
بţүӳ̾Ϣһ
£бҪλ֪
үӳ˵˿ֻ̻ľȻ˴ȴйشҶ߶ѵ֮ǰ˵ΣǾôΥĶԴȴҲǡ˴ɻġ
ΥΣԹڵĹؼҶҵˣ͸ǰģϣ
үӳ̾һҶǰԱţǸеǸҶȥôӭģֻ
֮˭λڻ᲻ϿɣǶԣĳŵǸھĵүӳüˣҪô͵͵֪ô
ãѾγ򣬶ÿһ춼ڳǿ֮У֮ǰѩ̿ѾˣĻȻ֣ҲĥҪ¡
ү˵УҸҶԣҶЦһ֣ԵıȻҶҾֻ˵Ҷƶˣ
Ҷƶ˸ղǰѾ˵ĺˣҶҾ־ڱɱĵˣҶЦȣҶЦֶμΪпᣬֱӽҶҾϰλȫ¾ɾ飡Ѿ㹻֤һˣ
ҶЦΪڶҶҾϣѾӵо˰գŻᶯ֣
һźţַһźţ
ҲڸǣҪҶƶ˳ˣǵѡ񣡡
үӳ̾ʱԥֻǼᶨĸҶƶվһôҲԶԣߴͽˣһʱǲͻ
Ǹ˻Ĩɱ֮ǰҶ֮֮⣬᳹ǰ;


323 ·ͨ
ϷԾΣŴҶ֪ʱӵܽȥʱΪΪֹһ깦ʵߵѾǿҪͻƳĽȣݹ쳾ʷǾ޽УҶ巽Ҳ϶ûĽǵ潫ĻͬǶϾǵĵ֮·źǲԹҶǲ£ֻ᲻Թǣ
ǻ˵
ȴίʵѰ찡λǱߣֻҪҶƶˣǾֻհ졭
װҪһϣ˵תء
ү̾˿ָӵȷʵ޲ߡ
һԼһǰ;ǧҵ
ǰ;ǿüģֻҪҶЦ޹ǰԼͬˡҪǣԼľͲΪڶ
˵ѡ
Ϊѡ
ҶƶǱȴѾŭɶλүͬʱزܲμжϢҶƶ˵鷿
ʲôͬʱزɵӶóдʡǸҶЦΪУ
Ҷƶ˲ҧݡ
λүӵΪѾֻ˲ʱ䣬תˡ
ҶЦǱͻȻŸүӡ
ҶЦүţⲻϡ£ҶЦ͸ΪͶ˽ƣϡȴҶЦŵݣҪүӴΪ룬ͬʱԼλܾۻᡣ
ͻϢλүӳ𶯣
ҶЦͻȻΪʲôأ
λүȥһʱȴ겻͸Ϊʲô
һֱҶЦΪ˱ӣѶϾԼϵǽȫһжһ㣬ǹϵõĹϣҲֻ֮ǰҷ¼󣬲˼Ϣ
ҶЦλүӶʾ⣬мģ˫һҶƶ֪ˣ߶嶨Ȼ
ҶЦ⣬λүǸмǲ
ΪʲôͻȻԼأһԼͬԼȫˣ
߸ͷһͷˮ˼⡣
ҶЦԼȴֲܲȥ
Ͼֻ׼һ£㼴ˣϾö϶ԣҲᳵ·֮Ϥúܣ

λǽ֮ˣΪ˱ûдԼǷͷװУһͬƫƧĲ¥棬Ȼָ˼˶ڳҹɫöȥ
ҶЦԼ˵ܾۻ᣻к壬Կ֪˽һЩбҪġ
˼ֻҪٹ䣬פˡ
ѾŵеĲľ㡭
ãв·̡λүﶼܷɣ˵˵ЦЦڲ²⣬ҶЦһ⡣
ѵ֪ҶҾҪ֣
ү仰ʱյԴۡ
ڵʵҶҾ֮ϡҶЦôΪ㻹ûеӣ
ԴװǶô
ϱ
үһ仰һŭҲ
ȻнеȴͻȻͣ
ô£үڳڴʵ
迨·ǰĻҶҾ֡
ҶҾ֣λһȻ
ҶҾ˾Ȼܹǰ迨·
ʲô˼
ѵǲԼ˵Ķڴأ
֮ʱȴǰһȣҶҾڴ迨κ˲ͨУ·ͨ
߸ͷʱһ죬ڷҳڣȻ˵סԼ˵·ߣԸ˽μ֮ȴҲûзϡ£
Ǵ˼ܱ¶ֻ۰װ׵ıԷסȥ·ǿŭԸһһ򡣡
˻أһ䣬һӽãͬǲҪӴõλãȴٴ·
ҶҾˡ
·ͨǿг߱ҶҾΪУɱۣ
οǸо̫Ծˡ
οʵ̫Ҷƶ֪Լ˽˽ܶİš
ѵҪʹ޹
үת֮ʣɳȥ鿴ʱõظͨõ·ڣͳͳǴ·ͨ
ү̾һҾ͵Ҷƶû㶨ǵĶȣȻһֿܣķΧȫϵ׶ȥԮĿԣԡڣҶҾˡ
δؾͽֹڴˡүüͷҶƶôĿŵĶǿнȫϽ˽ڷʲôɣ
үӺһ۾˵ǾͲʲôֱݴȥνӾҶƶ˼Ȼ߼ս֮ھʱһ꣬ѵ֮УϷͲˣҶƶ˲׼˹ȥѵҲ׼ǹȥɣ


324 Ҫ췴
ϰͷҵĺãҶƶô͸ҵ治Ǽͷ
ǰ״ǲݣֻܴȥˡ
λ˵׻ǲԸ⵱ҶҾͻ˺ơ
ô˵ϻһġ
ٴͽһؿڡ
·ֹͨͨУǰ·Ծɾء
үӺһӳ֮ͷȥң·
үӼȻѾ¶棬ôͨоһˣԷǵƼҼֱӾĿ
ֻ˵ԭƼ档
үӵϷǰΪ߿Щÿ·Ҫ´졣
˵οǶԲסƼˣ·ӽڴ˷ͨ·κκɾͨУƼʵҪͨ˵һΨй齫ܿء
үû֮⣬Ҷƶ˵ĽϷͨУ
˴粽ãƼĪҪΪ£½ӵˣɽΪκﶯҡ
õүӲȻŭҷҪȥأ
½ӵ˲׼κ֮ͨ⣬һǿдߣɱۣ
үĿ𣺡˵ҪȥҪϷɱˣ
²ң˵ͷȴʼմ粽á
ÿүһǰȥҵҪҶƶ˵νβͨУ
վ·м䣬ͷֹϲҪΪѣɽ
Ҷƶ˵ǾɽȴƨǣһҪͨ˴үŭɶǰС
ְڣϼ¡ӲһֻѾֱϡ
үӴ߹ȥ֮޿
ϣ
һ࣬˰νʣŶ˵˵ҶҾ׼սǿгߣɱ⣡
үӵʱԭأۿŶ溮ĵǷĵ⽣⣬ǵ۵Ĳţȫ˵ûʹȥ
үҲ벻Щ˾ȻĸҶԼν
үӼ״һŭȣʲôҪ췴𣿡
˼ʶҶҾִȴԽԽ࣬˷쪣д߸Ϲ
֮䣬Ȼͷ
ҶƶµʮսʥߣȻȫϵӣȻһսչĽ࣡
ҶҾ֣Χס˾ǵʣɱڡ
߸ͷɵҲоеĲԾˣﻹͼءǴҪ߸˾ɱļơ
ΨֱҸٲҵ׷
ֻҶҾ֮ˣλүӾձɫбȻҲû뵽ԼЩˣ˶Դ
ԼˣԼ룬Լһ˱ƵͶ·Ǻεȷ̵һĻ
Թүӵǳ⣬޶ԣֻǵλʹ˻أҪΪ£˫ûתء
ǷҪȥĻȾҪǶɱҲǣүɭȻ
𰸱Ѿ˴𰸣үӻҪ֤ʵһΡ
ղֻүһˣȴλا䣬ȻҪһΣ
ʶһ£ŵλ£ֻǷ£ɽ㣣
һɽҶƶأүӲȻŭ۾ˣϷҪʣ⵽ҪôУҶҾľʱҲʩǼͷӵˣ
ڻȻֿһ³ӰȻ
ӢҶҹӣҶҾ֮Ҷƶˡ
˿̣Ҷƶ˻үӵˣλүڴˣλУ˭ҲȨʣȻֵֽҶҾȫǽ׽üϸĹؼʱ̡뼸λүȥĪҪϸ˿ӡ
үͫ׼һֵϷ򲻿ȥأ
Ҷƶ˵׽üϸ֮£ͬСɣǵغҶҾغǷܹԻλϼ£νһʱ
үͨ죺Ҷƶˣ仰ʲô˼Ϸز֪ʲôϸ޴ӰǵܹӰҶҾҲǣУˣҾֻһ䣬˼Ҫͨ
Ҷƶһ΢ЦΪϹϵˣƳߣ¡֮Ҷ߶֦ͬҶʮĻôΪյһʱһǵ˵ĻŸλȥλҲýǰɣ
үһƶ˹ӣҲٷϻֻҪһʹ컰֮£Ҫȥǰã·ÿǲÿ
ҶƶԳĬһᣬѵ壬콫Ҫͨ췴
λүһ仰ʱھ٣
췴
췴ʲô˼
ΨڽҸͶƷԭͳߵʱ򣬲Żᱻ췴
Ҷƶ˴˼˵仰͵ͬΪ˶壡
Ǿǳ
ϴ£
ǲ췴


325 ѣ֣
ããáүԭ֮Ҷĵϵ㿴ҵ߶ˣ뵱Ҷ棬ҶʼֵƣѵܹԭڽʱյҶУ˾ǳ֮ʮ˶Դ֮ҶҶɽֹԡ֮ʱޱڴ֮ĴûףԼʼͷʮҶֳ徣ڵȵˡȴֻΪҪһ·ͱ췴һ췴õúܣõúܣ
Ҷƶվڶ棬ɫӲʲôֵƣʲôѵܹν壬ԭ֮ҶĲ񣬶ȲӺ棬췴ȴʲôȴҪǿʶ˵޳֮ȣ
λүһѪڣѹöҪѪˣ
ԭһһֱԼ˵Ҷҵļū֮
ƶ˹ӣд֮Ҷ֮ˣǱһ뷨𣿡үѡ
ѵʵ𣿡ҶƶɭȻɨʵʲôͬ𣿡
үһҪ˵ʲôͿҶƶ˵ڱһ˽λүӻʹؼҵĺãô˵ҲʮĽ飬Ϊʹ˻ؾĻҶҹȻǲּߴ壬ȴźδ⺶ͷȫ˵ء
үлѣֻ·ȴǷҪ߲ɵġ
Ҷƶ͸¶һɫ˵ʲô飬עǰһۣȻλִˣ֮£һϾҶ֮꣬ǾʹʬϿȥɣ
˵գ󼱼һˣʹȺ֮У漴һ
ҶҾôߣݵλɱ⣡
ǣ
ǧͬʱӦһƾ졣
үӵһʱ䲻άȡȻѾҶƶ˵ķӦ÷裬ǵ涯ӲĻǲң
λڻڣǶҶӳ̶ȣǵ¿Ժ
֪Լ˽ȻԴ֮Ҷĺ˳ˣԵΣԼӱŻĽ֡
⣬ҲΪԼļǧ
֣壬塭
ⶼһõĽ
ң˵ԼҲȷʵиһЩҶ飬Ҷƶ˵ָʵ˵ȫȻֱ׳ʱ˿̣ԣҶƶ˵˵δزʵ
ô죿˵Ŀ⣬ȫе˹үӺүӵϡ
λүɫ࣬Ŀлӿʹ˴һҵȾҪȥǸҶɱģɣ
һ仰Ѿȥߣ˲ϰٴΣȴʼû˵ڡ
һԳڣʵ̫󣬼ǼλҲе
Ҷƶ˴˼ʾȺ֮УĶˡ
УâãһȻɫռϷ硣
ҶҷѾˣҶƶˣûû͸
ж涾ѾΣҶЦȽã˭Ҳ˵ʱ
ҶЦҽͨһͻأ
֮ˣ֪¡Ѿ֤߸ϲǰʲôΪʲôڹһǰ
Լ콫ǵסˣأأԼԳʱ迨ҪǾ˳أǼҲûж̶ԶҪѷɫҶƶ˱ǶȬʵȫҶҾûƺǵʵ
һζϲߣ
һǵ֪࣬ôԼֻһʲô³
Ŷ߸ˣҶƶȻһ񶾵ͷ
֮ǰѾ˼ˣ޻ͷ·ôβͰ鳹߿ȡضԾɲҵòĶκҲõ
档
λүӼ˼ãվƣѡЭ
ү̤ǰһȵҶƶˣ֮¡
үӱ˵ǣվͿҶòһΣ۾ҳʮĳ˵ίʵίȫˡ
Ļûü˵꣬ͻȻֻҶƶһȣȻҶ֣ɱ
ɲǼ䣬İͻȻڱƬգ
ɭȻ⵶γһ߸˻ڴ֮ǰģȴõŻϢ˷ԳԽٶǿϮ
ǰһ̻ǬȻһ̣ȴѾľɱ¾
λүӶ֪үǰһֻҪ˵仰˫ʹ̨ȴ뵽Ҷƶ˵ҰģȻڹͻȻ֣һȫλԵĴ
Χүһˣǽ߸ȫڣ


326 ֮ս
Сģ
һ
δ䣬һƬâ˸ȴϷ׷ԼͼϮǿṥơ
ϵıΪۣǼߣҲʥԪƷΪ˵Ĳͬ졣ҶҾʹεļ֣Ҳڶʱϣǡǰıʵ̫ͻأҸ⧲
ֻӦ˵ѾԸһίȫظԷ̨׵أȻҲû뵽ľ˷չ벻ʮͬ˼壬ȻԼ˵ʹɱ֣
סҶҾһڸֵĵ⽣Ϯ֮󣬽ŶȴӦ
ۡ
֧Խռ
רԸ߽ߡרƸֻ籩һк䣡
ʹľȫֵǿܶȵĴÿ˵϶ʮ
֮䣬Ͼúƴһ㣬ʧĴѪ˲ʱȾ˵档
ɱǣ
ɱ⼸
ҶҾ˼磬˶۾׼֮˵ĳ˹⽣ʣǿƱϮ˱һ֮ڱɱ
λүӼͬʱشսۿۡ
үһߣʮ֧ز룬гȴǿǰ˸ƴһȥ
Ⱥ
үڴ仰ʱ۵һѪ
һѪһԴƣһģ
ˣ
үӸղվǰ棬ҲҪֱӵĴ󣬾ֻһ˲Ĺ⾰Ͼͱһֻδ⬣жʮ֧ϣ
⻹ҿΪ벽֮Ԫתֿ֮Ծ֧ʸڵүӣһѪˡ
ʹشʹʹүȴû֪һ㣬ΪǹķŭѾʹ
ɱ
λǡı󶯵ˣһȫʧȥǣ
ķŭ׳š
ǵȴҶʮ꣡
ػ˷ҳʮ꣡
ʮ겻ԣʸ־壬ʱգȻΪôһ·ڣҪǶɱ
Ȼ·ھá
ȻҶҲĳˡ
ܴʲô
ǾǽãѵܴǻᱳҶ
ôԵɣ׵ʹɱ֣ǹȥҪʲôǶһ䣬ֱɱ
Ϊʲô
ǰϣںڵļأ˸ɭĹâѪȫ޲ϵкϣϣСһ֧͸壬ں󣬼ǰں֮ĺ
үȫȻĲܲˣߺսسɱ
˲һеĲɱֻΪйͷŭ
֮ۡһĵϤԴŻ˺ۣļأĵ֮ݺȥߺս
ֵܽкȫȻĳš
ȫģɱǰЩˣ
ҪɱҶƶˣ
սԽԽԼҡ
λүǰԼʱ򣬸û뵽鷢ټγбأԴֺ٣ÿ˾ֻǴϧСȴһ˼Ĳ
ڶ̶̵ʱһߵȫˣʮĸ˶ʵףֲɱ֮󣬻Źүӵ˳˳ȥ
ǼһͷôأͷһȴүӻԼĻУƴɱԽԽ࣬ѾүذΧ
ɱȥӦأүһû˿ɣ۷ӣ³ս
λҲԥת˻ȥ
ҶƶȺ֮УпעһĻİտһ֣Χóأｫ⼸ϻһٸɱ
ǣ
Ȼϼһ˵Ľôһڤɣ
Ҷƶ˵У¶˵Ъ˹вб
ֻΧѾûʣ¶ˣԭĸݣ˿鰸ϡϡġ
ɱ
֣ӵϣΧһ˵⣬Χɱ
үӵ˱ǿһΧȦɹͻΧһ˲һȴּүӾûһȳԮνһٶ˥ߣ˵ղųΧһݣôطΧٶ˥ڵȴߣ֮ʱĴģ޼˻±鲼˿ڣҲ޴滺ʹܣһɹԵĸоӸмλ
ж
ۣ
үһӳǰļķɣԼȴҲ̲ס³һѪһѪ֮ǰѹֵ˶ƺʧȥ˿һı


327 ҶЦ
˼ʣж˸ɭȻâȻն䡣
үӳ̾һѿտҲһ嵶ҲѾסһʱ䣬ɵҡ
ˣ
֮Ҷ߶߶ȷʵ֮Ҷ𣬲֮Ҷ棬˾ͽһжҲգ֮Ҷ棡
үӹһЦأ۾
Ȼؽٵʱֻ
ȻĿȺħ裬Сһ䵭ԶԶ漴һӰ׾Թ϶գһӣȻ˹үǰ
˵Ķէܿ졣
ڸղų˵ʱڰ֮⣬һȻ̬ƻţȵ£άԭٶȣȴѾ˶֮¡
˹үǰ
һֻԺֻܻ˵ܴݵķʽ̧һ
ͬʱϣ˼ɱѳɣΪǰ任֣๥ȫڱүֻ֮ϡ
ְֻ޳է֮²һλӵƣɾֻƣͬʱ˶עıȴһ˺Ҳûг֡ĵϤɶѽꡱһΪء
ľͷĵݺ˸ϣ
֣ȻȸҪӲʮ
нˣһƬȻ̧ͷȥ
ֻ˵ڿһеĶϽϵĶУ۵ıʹȫ֮ʣܶʱһĲҽ
ٶֱͦʱ򣬹үѾȥıϣâ䡣
ʮȥÿ˵ʺλöһѪ
һ̣ԾɱȴٵƵʣүǰһƽһԵͷµĴɣڴ󵶵˿Ѫˤȥ˲䣬һɺĿ˵ϣ˼Ҷĳˡ
һ̣âһڽȻ࣬类֮ƿأܷԲʮɷ룬ԺһȦĲҽ֮𣬶˵Ȼүӵֱۡ
үӵȫˣɱɱϷȻҲҪЩ˵նɱɾϷ򲻷Ϻ
ȻүӵѾʧȻϲ˭
ҶЦ̾˿ŵֻүϵһ£ѪϵʧѪٶȣŵɱ϶Ҫɱģǽ졣
ɱǣ̫ˣ
˵ձ㼴ȥ
һߣ֮Ӹ֣һӶ˿ңڸ£ҶҾǧչ档
Բ꣬нˣһȵȺдɱ䡣
ûвսϾݵλʵǲսţɱ˵ϣʵ̫ݣֻ˸ҶЦ飬˺ңٿȥ⼸үȫԼ֮º󣬾ʹվٳ֣ȻżЩ۵ģ˳֣ϳ֣ȫ˳ˣ
Ҷƶ˱ֳǰδеĻң촽ҧѪޱߵĺ⣬һ̼ʧȥǡ
žǰҶƶף֮£ȻѾ޷ɡ
ԭԤУ˺Ƥѳɶ֣Ը˱ܣºҲˣֻҪƶ˹һ֣ԼҪ꣬ĪУϣͼһң
ҴɷһǾɱϣ͵ǰۣϾֻȻȥ˽ҶЦžˣҲ֪ϤֻҪȫɱҶƶ˾аս֮޻ҶЦϣϾҲȫܹ˵ͨġ
Ҷƶ˿ԱѪŶΣϵ飬ԼľԼֵͼ˵ҶЦ˳ҶҾҶЦɥĲۼϲΪ㼴ɱ϶ɱԼȻѶԮȴһơ
ƤֻҪȫˣԼ˵չ˳ĻȻԾչԴԼܶԸ󣬵Ϊȷ棬ΪǿҪɵ£ֻҪԼֵ㣬˶˺صˣȻȡĺøУ
ԼȡΪҶǱˣ׷ƶ˹ӵ飬ҲתأžǸƶ˹Ӻ⣿ȽһԼҶҾԼȫԼż׸ȡᣡ
ʱԼҶƶˣΨһƶ˹ӣƶ֮ˣ
ȻҶƶ˵˽룬ͬɺϡɺϵĿܣ
ڣе̣Ѿ˾ˮ¡


328 ʧΪİ㣿
ҶЦ֣ϲƶ˹ӣҲΨһģȻͱԼ
һУѾ޷ʰ
һ·ǳ֣Լǰŵĸ֣ôһ֡Ȼʼգû
Ҷƶҧݡ
ʮĿֱָҶƶˣȴǾ߳ˡ
һһһնѽĽȫضϣӣߣ
Ҷƶ˺һһԲתȥ
ҶƶˣҪߣ
ԭȻڵήŵүӿһҪԾ𣬿ϧ㣬Ϊһѽ֮סһƽѸߣԽ֮޽СӶһͷɥ֮ȮĥҲã
үȻ֮⣬ȴ֪ݣ֪Լǰˣ¼Ƹ׿ϴһҪ֮ɵ˿̼ˣеϵϢԼǸĸоȻ˿Υ
Ȼô˵ˣ㲻˼飬ҲԵɡţνĸ˷ɣĪ⣬Ҳ˳֮⣬ҶЦڶûɣšĻҲˮ׼ģ
žǿƽ룬ҶƶǱߴȥ׷װˡ
Ҷƶ˱ˣѾʧӰ١
һԶ

ҶҾۼ´ɻʶ⣬˶ֻ޵ȣӴܡƳˮ˻ȥǰ󲻹˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾӵӰ١
̶ֻƬ̵ĶսܾڳȴѾ˺˵پʬ塣
ЩˣȫҶҾ棬֮⣬һ䣡
Ѿγ˾жսĹƴȴƴֻҪҲܱסʱѪȴǵκҲⲻˣЧģ
ҶſҶЦĺϹүӰٸн̾Ϣ㡭
û˵Ѿ˹ȥ
үƱͼأĴ˼ʵüҶЦԮһֱǿŵһһɣȻҲֲ֧סˣ
ҲֻҶЦǰùүӳ׷ģ
λүӻȫ̧ȥãҶЦϰӦѣϵļȲҪΣһȥд
ˣүͻһ˾һ
ҶЦתͷѭһֻүӷǵ˴ڻ֮Уȫ࿪ʼֳ鴤״̬иѪѪ֮УҲѪ
࣬٣Ѿȥ״̬
ү֮ǰΪģϣһζߺ͸֧Զ帺ɼޣܵƽ֮˸֣ҶЦղѾһס滺Ѫ٣κʵ̫أϱѾɥʧתıܣȻ㼴ȥһʰĵز
ˢ
ҶЦѸٵһöΥһʱ̶һ֮£ȻˮκǵҩүӿС
үӵ״ѾסˣʱɱݣȻȥ˵
ҶЦүүӣ𡣴˿̾ΪȣҲͲƽϲòʲôġ
ҲǱ⼸үӣҶЦѸٵķؾ
Ψţõ£ֳʬ塣
ոշսĳأ̶ʱȻøɸɾ

أҶƶ˼ҶҾפأŭǰ
һж֮УһҶƶ˴ֲ顣
Ҷƶ˵֪УҶҾսʵʮ㣬ʥ߽߱аٶˣһɼΪۺۺսʹ޽Ҳŵġ
ҶƶԾԼڶ̶̵ʱܹҶҾչģ˵ܣ޽壬Ż
Ҳǻĵ̣Ҷƶ˲ŸҷһϮ
ճ˵ôΧүӵˣսսȻֵ޿ܷ⣬ָ֮䣬ɣ
ȻжʽչʱҶƶͻȻһıʡ
÷˼ȫף벻Ҷƶ˸һ㣬ȫ׼ıͬҶƶȫûκ׼ġ
ʾǡ
֮ǰļڶʥҪ˳΢ʱ̣ͻȻ˲ټˣ
ͻıʣҶƶ˲㷢裡
ѾˣȫֶѾλˣԼһȥ֮ȴȻּΪǵĸûˡ
Ҷƶµʮսʮʮɷʮ˻еλߵİ˴
Щ˾Ҷƶ˵ǰҶҾ֮еҪݡ
𿴹үǶʥԪƷߣҶƶµˣǵʥƷֱȱȽǣĸ֣Ҳˡ
Ҷƶ͵൱ĵز
ΪҶƶ˵ղаƶ˹һ˵ĵ
Ǵ˼ʣһȴȻ֣ô֡Ȼгٷ֮ʮ֣ʧˣ


329 ǲˣ
Ϲλĳ֣һʧһʮˣһΪߵˣ
Щȥˣ
ıҶƶ˲û裡
ԭһָΪЩһҶҾפˣЩв֮ӣлأǴ˼ʻصפأʵʧ
أ˶ȥˣҶƶ˷һҶҾܲҴڣԺӣһԺӣ䣬ȥһ䡣
Ҫҵˣȴһûҵ
ỹߵĶʮλʥԪ֣ÿ˵ɫѿ
ķʵ̫ˡ
ʵһʼķǺֹ۵ģײԤڵãǸʱֻҪǰõսȫӳôүӵ˷ǵûгȥĻᣬӳŲҶЦ֧Ԯͻȫɱ
ƫƫҪһ̣˲ӣƻвܵĴ󲿷ˡ
үΪϣһսϣȫԱͻΧĻҪҶЦԮѾͻΧˣ
һţõ˵ǻᣬ񲻼ټַڡڰͻϮλʱҲڡǵɱʱȴЩˡ
Ҷƶ͵תĿһ˵ЩʲôãЩѵҲ֪õƨʵǡȥˣΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô״
һͷǱĭӣأֱͦͦվţ²֪
ҶƶЪ˹ٴѰһ飬ر۾
ڿȷԼĿеЩǡˡ
Ӧ˵Щ˶ѡʱԼȥˡ
Ҷƶһ̣ԭԼ飬֮𣿣
ˣԼ֮ǰ֮Ըҳ죬Դ֮ҶͷҶҾҲΪЩ˲ϵ˵ϵϵıģϵĸġ
ҲΪЩ£ʼԶߴ壬ͬΪЩ˵ԣգıƵƶ˹ӡ
Щ˵ײߣղŸҺȻ֣ԸߴļϣͼҷԴʤ
ʧܣȥӵľ棬ֻҪԼ֣ߵҪɽҪһҵԾɲ£
̬ƶԵĻҶƶ˵뷨󣬵ȴҪһǰǾǣҪӵЩˣֻ˵ЩҶƶ˵²У
Ҷƶ˽Լ·ȫϾˡ
ƶ˹ӻмĻҲȫı㵽֪ĵزˡ
ߴ壬׵ĸϳԼΧɱλһȫˡ
Ȼ֣ǰ¼ʧˣ
Ǿķ̣ķ̣
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôӣҶƶʹ캿СĿһ̣ıˡ
һģͻȻǡ
ŵ֮У˱˴˶һۣͻȻ̤߳˶УҶӣҶҾʯʮȥ߰ˣֵܱҲҪˡ
Ҷƶ˵۾ŭʲô˼ҲҪ뿪ңɢôûеأ
˵ЦЦǷݵЦľǳҶӴԲӣľܣȻӴҲǿĴǴûҪ뷨̸Ҫ뿪ơ
ûҡҶƶ૵ظһ䣬ͻȻɫɲǼ֮Ǿ֮ǰңΪʲô
ΪʲôΪ׵״һ˿ɫȻҶʵˣڱһҾ͸Ҷһʵ֮һ仰Ͳһ콭ӡ
Ҷƶ˺ݺݵĿȴ޶ԣ˶٣˵ʵ̫ˣһִ޿ɾҩزĴĺţ˵ʮĴ֮ҶȻһνġ֮ʱһЦĴڱѾһ֤
Ҷƶ˻һͻȻҧгݣ㾹˵ң
һһ𣿣Ϊʲô˵˵ֻǲм˵˵Ͱɣ
Ҷƶŭһ
ڣƣȴû˶֡
ܳһ֮⣬˶Įһ
˵Ŀⶼǿһɵӡ
ԭǡԭҲǡҶƶһᣬȻֻûߡԭѾΪʧۻľ˼Խų˺ƴһףȫû
ǵȻǡ״п⣬бģǸĬƾɫҲߣ


330 ⶼǾ֣
ǵΪʲôȻҪƭΪʲôһֱƭȥҶƶЪ˹Ľˣˣ˼𣿡
ˣĻɫȻû˼ģĶǶǷζޱȡ࣡״Цţ˵Ϊʲôȴûһ糷룬һֱһֻ̣Ϊ֮仹һҪ㡭
˶٣ͻȻʯ쾪һһ𣺡Ҷƶˣɻǵ÷ҳԩֵܻԩꣿ
ԩ꣡
ҶƶһʱԼֵܻῪսֵܻϳҳǵʱɱֵܻˡ
һˣʱ̲סشһ¡
Ȼ̧ͷǰ״󺺣㡭㾹Ȼǡ
үֵܻеֵܡôҲǷʲôծ˰ɣǺǡѪծֻѪܳ״ȫǳ޵ŭ𣺡Ҷƶˣֻһ˳׾ȴԵֵֵܻܵԩꣿ
Ҷƶһɷֽ
ҵүҶҾǱߣΪǽգ㡭㵹ʩ룬ٲά裬Ͷ·
״󺺺ݺݵ˵ɽˮ½ԵУҲǲԾģʹֻǹ͵ƹһţҲṶӲдȥ
Ҷƶ˻Ҫ˵ʲôȴһ𻰶˵ڡ
˵㻹㵱Ϊ֮Ҷ죬е֣¾ֵ֮ǰƾҶͷ߻ЩͶЧڿб¾ֶ֮ͶЧģҲ֮ˣƫƫ㻹ڳ룬Ϊ飬Ȼƣò˵һΣ״󺺹ЦٶһЩɲ֣Ҳĸ߽ߣֵܻеֵܣԼռĳɣƸ¥аˣռɣйռֻ࣡²һɣԵ֣˵Ц
㣬˵Ԫں˵ߵĸôᾡɣҶƶѪ
ʵʵȻǰҪİ𣿹ԪеһУװףִİΣҲһݻ䣬ҾͶѿһɣ
ԪЦҳǣȷ㴹֮ҶϵѪ֮㼴ʱõߴҲ˵ľʵ£ֻҪľӪ޽֮
ΪԤԶԭķҳǵһȶʮλǰͶǵļƻĿĺܼ򵥣ҪѸ
ǲͣͲһУ㲻ãĽô᲻߲һӵǿʵЩ㿴ļȫףôҲЩ˳ֵöࡢɿöࡣ
˵ĳ֣һִǡûΪҲ飬֮ӣ
ǸʱʼԶ壬鶼⡣Ǹʱ򣬹˸һݽԣͳһҳǣֵܻϳȥ
Ϊʲôأȣֵܻ˽ֵܻȫɢ޹ɵʵǷҳǳΨһһܹ鸽ʵֻҪϸһ¾ͨҳʮƿصĹٷ֮⣬ǿֵܻģķݣҽ֮Ϊͬ࣬ôˣ
ֻҪܹɹʹֵܻ֣Ľɢ޶㣬ղҰ֮ǹǱߴֳȥΪֵܻҰ֣һʼע޷أ
˫ֻƴݣ
˫ŵĽ׶Σֿ¶ˣɽһ˫תأ̸пռ䣬ֻ˵ķȥֱֵܻ᷽¾ɾҶҾҲɢеĹ֣
֮ʹбүʱľȥ޷ʰĵزκγģκα⣬ҲȲֵܵҪֵܻ˳ҳǡ
ʵһ̣үѾ֪˴βҾǱƣⳡҾԴͷԾΪĸãĺôϲҲ˵˼ҲǴʱ򲻾֮ǼҶҾ𣬸ʩֵܻ֮࣬½˹зƸ¥
ǰ֣ҪԼ޴ȻʼնûвƸ¥˳֮ʱǺ𡣹ȳǻᣬȻʧȴҲûе˽ǵĳ̶ȡΪʲôĽ֮׻ãսȴ˲ĿΨһɾֻǣԷﶼӦ׮Ǳʲôʱ֣Ժַʽ֣һͷβĳľż


331 
Ȼʽһͳҳǣ緢ΨҶͷ߶壬ӲУΪ⣬ĲΪậһγ
˵пΪɻΪԼðƻʵɱƶ˹ӣԼԼĺ·Ϊ岻ҪҶҺ˼棬ɱλ־ڷҳǵĸף
ʵ֣֮߶֪̣뽫֮޻ϣҶҾٴ˴ָһ£Ī˵ûˣҲֻὫı籩¶ʵʵڲ֮ϣǳʮĳ˼ˣССǰŪ
Сʼն֪Ǳ½һλ򣬾ǰ˫ٷҳ׷Ѱ֮ˣɫ֮һĳ𣬵ɫ߶һ£ӵгɫľôܻɱҵļƽƥеĴҲֻİ׳գŻ᲻ܲһԸĴ£ȻˣɫפϢ˭Ҳĸģ
ڵ㣬ûû£ûǮƣ·ϵøɸɾҳǵĸٵó׵ףʱǵѾȫɣʲô
֪ΪʲôɴɵôΪʹˣ̫ˣ
ǻ۾ŶͶ·αܾ裬ιӲд
ǲǺֵӢ£
ڴڴҲȷڴڴһյյ
ԪЦ
Ҷƶң㲻ȣŵ˼˫Ӷɻɫûаɡ
أԵԪðβŴת˹ȥһ̣Ѿûκα뷨
׵ҡ
ȻĿ⿴ԭصʮλʥߵʱͻȻǿҵɣһЦЦЦԪΪӾôɵһ㱻ˣŪڹ֮Ϊһоȫǵ𣿹ﻹʮλ֣ǿɲֵܻİɣҲǷƸ¥͹İɣǲǣ󲻵һɣǲǣǳҵˣ
ЩˣҵĺֵܣΪǵЩ΢ıƣܴѹҵ־ģҶƶ԰ܣԻڣȻżۣ֮ʱ
Ҷƶ˴Цţԭ͵Ӿֱͦ
Ҫ˵ʣʮ߸£ǳһ֮⣬ʣһڵҶƶ˵Ҳһְο
룬˲ôʧܣһӵģ
Ԫ˿Ǳߵʮ߸ˣһЦЩȷʵֵܻģǲҵ֣ͬȷ㶼ǣΣ
ΣҶƶ˴Ц֤˱ӡ
ȣʮ֮еһ˿һղһľ˵þʣҶҾѾΪȥˡ
Ҷƶһסˣ㡭ʲô˼
ңҲˡ
ţ಻Σǽ֮£οƥңˡ
קˣϽٳҲ߲ˣ
ԸΪʼգ֮䣬ʣʮ߸Ѿʮ
˵ҪߵΪҶƶסûˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҶƶѾӽֱصΪʲô㲻ǹģҲǷƸ¥ģҲֵܻģΪʲôҲҪߣΪʲô
һΣҶӣҵȷǹҲǷƸ¥ģӲֵܻġҾֻһɢޣɡ
ȻˣΪλҪҶƶ磬ɻ󲻽⡣
ҹȻκĿȴҲԣǿд֮ҶҶͷžͶЧ£ܸܲҶӴһҵ˵һ㣬Ҫ
Ҷػ塢ı۲ŴԵĻôҲȫͶЧӴΪӰǰ󣬾ľ
ʵȴˡ
ѪԣȴҪһֵǸ˲ŻḶǵĺѪԡ
Ҷ㣬ȴȻ߱ʡ
һʼ˴ѵĺƣݱʵ̣һʱ֮ѡһ·ЩʲôˣŪһֱŪز繫ˣұȫͶЧ
Ȼ˵䲻ĴʵҶԼȻͶ·̻̲գٸ㣬ǵ
ұһʹ˺þۺɢɡһȭûѡߣὫ£ĳһȡͣѾǶҶ御ӴɽˮҺᡭϣڡ
˵꣬ﳤȥ


332 İ·
ҶƶɫĲҰףһֻֻƣһ˫ӣѾ׿նްɡ
ʧǵĻһߵһɥ⼸˵ĵһ㶼ûڵҶƶˣҶ࣬ڵѾɽˮ·Ҳû壡
ջ֮У绽ķҳǣڣѾľأ
棬ԪűĿ⣬һЦҶӣҲˣģǻʱעϢ㱻۸踺أţʲôģÿʱ򣬶һһ٣ʾף
ҶôأѼɣԪһͬ
ѼҲҪسӲҪģҿҶ״̬Ҳӣһͬ
ݣҲЩҪģûЩҪӣԪ
Ŵ˵Ǽʶǳˡ
һЦУԪﳤȥ
ۣ
ֹ֮ľһվԭصҶͻȻ͵һѪ漴쵹䣡
һæȥסȴһ󷭽
ڸô죿
ô죿
˭뿪Ҷ࣬ƫƫԼӡҶǩûܣ
һѪ۾ضҶ࣬ͻȻӿһǿĺ⣺ôʵʵ̽·ʹ߶ãΪʲôߥģôҰҪȡƶ˹Ӷ֮
Ǹɳ֮£ôᱻϽľأ
ӸǱǣĺòã
ղţԪ˵˵ûпЩΪϵûʸ´ҶҾвɲҲвڲĶ֪߲࣬Ȼһɢ
һҶ߳´ʱ򣬷ҶҾפأѾͬһ㣬һˣ
ʵֺֹפأԭҶҾĵ̣ҲѸ룬Ȼܶ˶ھǮƶ˹⹦ûʱԺҲ׷صΣ˴ûᣬȡʱ
ɻһ̾ϢһҶ࣬ºڷߣҹ˷ҳǡ
һߵüΪСģΪ֪ԼѾ½ԵУһ͵䵽ҲԵվ֡
һ벻ǡ
Ҷ뿪ҶҾפؿʼѾ۾ضסǡ
Ͷ˵һһÿһι䣬ÿһαװÿһݣÿһα٣ؿСȫȻΣ
ĿѾ뿪ҳǡ
׼֡
úһС
ǵֻּҪȥͺãͬʱҲƲаӹ
׼𣿡
ʼʱ

ҶЦˣҴҵؽʮλԱá
ϴԭһʮһˣڳΧУĸβˣͬλϼȫǱˣˣжĽߣһʱ̶סһ粻֪Ҫϼˡ
ãȫԱԲѣ²֪
־ΣΧСĽ䱸
ҶЦͬϵæµ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʮ߿ŵ񵤣ʮԪ֮ˮѾȥʮ߿ŵҩĹЧȴԪǵƽⶾ˿鵤
ҶЦæ˺һȦȷʮ߸˶ѾأΣգһ
αʾҶЦҲû뵽Ҷƶ˾ȻɥĲȫƺһʱû뵽Щɴ
ڵãˡ
йעҶҾĶҶҾӵеսмߵķɿܣԷǽҶЦԸ꣬¡ԳǵãһҪ¶ԼټһʲôҪʱر
ǡȥ
ҶЦڵģһҶĹǽԾֻãҪֱߴ֣൱ʹⲻ˵ġ
ʵ֤ҶЦˡ
ȻҪΪϮǰ֮
ȥȴһ·۵糸
ҶЦ⡰ߡڼ䣬ΪȾĿǰ׶壬ʱܽ볤нףн״־ǻûнҶЦսǻʵʵĸߣǿ
ţҶҾȫԱϣⵥĻδܹӮԼ𽥽ӽҶҾפصʱƶٶȴһС
ϾҶҾפڡ
ȻԼţҲΪԼһܹӲҶҾи֣
ʹһһκζֻ֣ҪߣԼ͵Ъˣ
ݵǰյ鱨ʾԷкüλء
һ˵񣬿̶Ѩһն
ֻҪ΢Ϳȥʱľ档
ܲأҲСģ


333 һ·ĥ
ǰҶҾפأ겻Ҷʶ̽飬ΨֱԷָӦǱ˶˶ǾƬ̣˶ȴһƬȸ֮¡
²֮࣬Ϣһ˷·ڰҹлһſҶȻƮ𣬳˷УϢҶҾһ
֮δˣ˹ԼʶԼȫķʽȻųŽԼʶһһεĿųȥ
ȷⲢ޸ʶפ֮ӾĻָ
ףҲȫǱ֮
ٷߣʶӦУԼСģܻ᲻Щܸ߱ӦĲܸӦȻɢʶ鿴ܰġ
ʱԼһȫΣʹض޷ӦԼĴڣȻܹù֮̽ˣһ鿴ȥԼָʸˣ˳ƶΪ
꾲˺һᣬһɢԼʶӦ
ϵǣǵûаͬ쳣ֱͺһƬһ㣿
˵泤ûС
ȷ֮£Īʲô״̬δ̫һɣ
ɢ֪
ûУȫջ
ӣ곹׸о˲Ծ
ɴڷֱվĿĹ֮£ĿԾֻһƬްƻ󣬰ˡ
ûˣˣҶҾפأعʮеġ
ȫϢ˶ȥˣ
ûҲ̫ɾ˰ɣ
Ʈµأϸ⻷ȴԼԺﾹ£˵ӣӳı죬ɢĸ
ҿѵҶҾˣ경Сĵ߹ȥƿһţֻ߰㣬̶ˣɼסߵǶôæ
֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ĵ鿴Խ鿴ԽԽԽĿŵֱӺķȥСУûСҲûСҲ٣ء
ҶҾ˶ȥˣ
Ҷƶأ
ҶҾܲȻûפأʲô
ϲˡ
󣬲ɴ޶ɢƣȫҶҾפأûҵκһ¡Ƶ˼ҪԼĵزڽѰ˺ü飬Ծɺֻ֮ء
û뵽ԼСĵǱվô
̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ɶˣ
ȻľսȴƽСĵķʽǱ롭ȴֻһСտҲĿפأһطɳۣһ߶ԼղŵСĺЦѡ
һ뵽Լ֮ǰǼСӣ̲סЦ


겻֪ڵҶǵѾ룬
ǲǼʮ·һսҶһѾˣҲΪֻ˵Ĵװ͹Цȥ
Ѿûˣǣָȴ
һ裿
ҶѪлһݰοԼ˽ָУвٵԴ㹻ˡ
ǰʮ˳֣һս˴ڵأȻ˵ĴָҲߡ
İѾ޳
ǰ˳֣ӡ
Ҷ޵üɱ
Ѿ֪ЩҪʲôǲһʼԼһУһδεģѭ򽥽ģԼİ⣡
ȴֲԼ
һӣϵ·ãҲߡڣ˾ڵؤأ޷ģ޽֮С
ĹˣںڳĴУ֪ж˫۾ڿԼˡ
ҶѾһҲѾûججû˰ɡ
·ʱǾͷ
Σĥʱض裬Ȼ᳤õذˣôȥ

УҶЦ˼Ѿ˹үӵʮ߸еˡ
סȷѪҺʧ֮ҶЦֻչƹ̣үӵеҶЦֱϣǰγ
Ϊɾ䣬Ա߹ۿ˻
ڳ˻ǵһμܹ˸ɾȫȻ沨۵ȡ֮ڵϡдͭ£ʵ죬ֻҪͬʱӴѪרƻµߣȴ޿ܴԱӲ
һУֻ˵ͬʱӴѪĴͭͻᷢ죬üΪֻҪ룬ɼķ飬֮࣬ѭмߵѪ崩̵ǧٿףκιҲԶԿ
ҶЦǰİμַôҶЦϣƫƫͲ飬ܸɴķֳΣֱ򵥵ķʽȡûκһƼӾ磬εΪۣ̾Ϊֹ
˾ҶЦ񼼣Բҽֶ𺳣׾̾óϷ


334 Ϊλôң
˵ҶЦʩչֶλ֮ؼĶ΢֮ҶЦ΢֮ϸ΢ܲ˿֮ĩڱԣ˰γҪԱһһĽߣлҪʱСģȷڰγв飬Ϊһ飬ͻκһĩ©ĪҸŻԶ
ҶЦڽӴÿһֻĵһʱ䣬ܾȷյüĴԼеĳ޶ȣǰ£γȴ㲻ʲô˲õ飡
ҶЦٶܵװγ֮ѪȪվ޷⣬ҶЦԴ׼жԲߣÿ壬Ѫ罦һ̣һƬҩͺ˹ȥ´ڣмʸ֮󣬱жöҩ߿Уÿν߿һŵҩһɹɾߵ徭֮бٵ޸壬˹̣֪ޣҽֶιȻ
ֹãҶЦֱ塣
ûˡҶЦĨһͷϵĺˮ˷ǻԣǽ˯֮УѵƸ״̬һ֮ʱһʹȥ̩롣ٵ⾰ȫȻ˹ָˡ
ˣ˿
У֮һ޳ʮ֮еǧɽĵˣĵһڴ
Щ˵ȿҶЦ۾棬Եĸм
ҶЦĿһɨƺûзʲôҽһսҲǶˣȥϢɣʱò˾Ϊˡ
ǡ˷׷ʩ¡
ʱ򣬲ر
ҶҾ״ҶЦҲµģûдҶҾˡȻǡ
˵˵ȥЦһҶ࡭ѾʼԼһ֮·ˡҲ⡭ȥʰ
ҶЦЦЦȻ¡
ҶЦϣü˼
Ҷ飬ͻȻ뵽Լľ󡣾桭Ҳбļء߶Щˡ
ôһ룬ҶЦһĬüͷã̾һ
һӰȻվҶЦһ˫СİĦ̫Ѩ
ҶЦţͻȻȻ̾˿ǲǾ²ٷǵ̫̫ӣˣ
Եʱһ£Ҳ˵ʲô˼
ҶЦȻʧЦԼ˵ûͷûβģȻѩϻǱȨı֮ˣܹ飬һ֣εӱڻҽʩȵҪ߶ĵǾڲҲ߶尲ˡ
ҶЦڲԱϸ˵һ顣
ţҶЦԼռ˶û⡣
ȻȨıˣʼҲƮƹĴϣۺϴֹۣľǲȱҲеѩս֮£һսĽǵʱƮƹ˼ҶЦϸ˵ǰ̬ƣֻ˵һʱ򣬾Ѿ׵ǰˣҶЦȫ˵꣬ȴü˼
ӣԴ֪˿˿ۣΪһִ֮ˣȻǺϸģ֪Щǰ£Ծѡ¼ȴͬǽԭʵ棬಻أǼʵȴΧĳЩĿĴ֡һϣҲ⡣
ҶЦЦȴδһ
ȻҪΪĸʵԾδǿ緭Ƹ¥߹ȵǿᣬЩҲͰˡΪͼȫع˼߶ϵɽЩ飬
ǹ㡭ӸϲΣԴӹҳǣʵǷ̫ʣ봹֮Ҷ߶̫һʼʱҶݵ᣻ȻλҶƶôʱƾ˵λҶҹӡٵڣ»ô߶мӵܡ
üӺڰ˸ˣȴʵڲǹµ·ӡ
ҶЦЦøࡣ
ǵģȷԼ飬ؾ˷룬涼ǣնҡ
ڵľ棬ֱӾһ̯ӣʰ̯ӡ
ҶЦȴƫƫֻܸôҲɡ
ҶЦ̾һ
ü˼ȻξƵҶӣңλƵҶҹӶϲҶƶǰ֣൱һʱ֮ڣǱ⣬ΪԺֻ»ҪվλҶǱߣȻΪ֮»Դ֮Ҷ϶ԨԴڣҶڣתأ


335 鲻
Եǰ״չԾһɽʱǵٳټͻӸԴЩֻξǱǴˣѡ񣡡ʵ
ҶЦĳĬ
ҿ֮Իᰲ֣ҪǵϵڹߣʵϻΪǰǸҶƶϸϣԲԤһ·
ȽҶƶˣǸڹϿĳΣһѷɫڡ֮ʱ֮ͨ·
Ǹðƶ˹ӵĿ̨вͬλҶҹΪ˴ˮ׼ҲȥҶҴٳֻ˲ͻתص˼Ǳߡ֮Ҷ쳾ۻʮ̣ȴһײ̨ӿȡһ浽Ǹʱ򡭡߸˻᲻ڣҲ˵᲻ᷴڣҪֱ뿪أ
ȫûֹʵ
ҶЦ޿κεҡͷ֮ǰ֣ѾݱΪԼһֱΣأ
ҶЦҡͷһ̾ǿĺͷʹ֪ǣȴ֮κΣ
Σο͵ǰƽȣϾ߶봹֮ҶǷһ޴飬Ƶƶ˹Ӷȹڽ൱һʱӦò빫жԡģڸ֮ǰⲻһԵƽ⣬һ޴Ĺͷ
ѹһֵ˵漰ҳǡ޽µĹ
ҶЦȻһĿ
Ȼû뵽ȻѾ뵽һ㡣
ҶЦ㵵һЦӣҳıҲϲȨı棬ȴǲȨıԼʲôʲôȻȫ֪ĻһŮħͷ̫ʵˣ
Ҳ֪㲢һȨ֮ˣֻʵǰе֮·ڵٺ쳾֮㷢Լʵʵ̫취Աߵʾɡ
ǣ㴴һ֮ȴȻ֣ڽ׳֮࣬ԼҪķˣҪػ֮⣬£ҪȭͷǵĵؽվסŸͱҧǰСȻַˣֻصԭ㣬һԾֻΪԼǿѡ
ӣʵһֱȱŵ㣬һǾǡ̫أθ̫ǿˡ
գˣѣڵ¡㽫һȫԣŲ¡Ų£ô͸оԼΣΪҴһݰȣһƽһõδ
Ҫ֤ھ⣬ֹǹӱΪҪгԱеµʱ򣬶Ϊ˺Ը˵ԴɶģԶûɵһ̣
Ϊ쳾죬ҪЩȴҪһһѪսѪȥȥƴ
ڲ֪֮У֮䣬ΪΣԼƵһ·ϡ֮·
߹ڳʱδ뷨ڵȴѾ·ߣ۷
壬ⱾǺ£ȴҲ֣ΪǰеϰҶЦԹսгߣһǸۣԹԸȴôҲ˵۶֣
ۣΪĿĲֶΣΪ˽ײϣ£ȴԶġȻ㾭˵һĵߣǾòģҲΪĿĲֶΡȻĵߣȴ̫һ㡣ϣ𣬼裬հȫֵвΣЩȫĵߣ
ƫƫȴѾע޷ͷ޷۷ĵ·ϡ˸Źʣ˵ԹѵȲƱ鲻£岻ƣƲΪ٣Ϊʲôλ߱Ҫ߱Ļ
ǹӣҪһģ̾һ
سڼԼ᳦ġ⻰ĵ»Цۣĵȷȷˣй֮޲
֮ģǼ伲࣬˵֡ҶЦŵ㣬Ҫµĵ·
ЩΪǰ֮·ĳ⡣
һȴ£صʱʲô֮ʲôЯ֮飬ȫ޹ؽҪԲĶ浽Ǹʱ˼꣬սˣȴδز㱳ͱһǸˡ


336 飡
ľǡ
ҶЦһ˵ȷʵпԡ
üͷţȻе˼֡
ҶЦɫһʹ
֪жȻʲôشԭҶЦŻǵľ
飬Լóôῴ
֪ΪѣȴҪôѡôȻвԵĿԡ
ķǡʲôѵԭһֱǵҶЦ֪ǣȴҪľ
ҶЦɫͷһͻȻ뵽һܣһ֮ǰֻŵ̸ʡ
뷨ɫ˲ʱˣ𾪵תҶЦӡ֮ԻΪǴ֮ҶĺãΪһطⶨȻ֮Ҷƶ˳ֶ񶨣ǷطĽȴʵڵģѵѵ˵ġĺʹ֮ҶŹ
Ϊ˽ҶЦˣҲǸҶЦãܵˣȻ֪ҶЦһУΪ֪ڲ𾪣
˽ϤҶЦ˲㴮֪һУó˼ʵȴΨһԽ˵ҶЦǰѡɣ
ҶЦЦЦҲ롭Ǿ͵ǰܿһжϣ¿ģҵյһҶĿ˱Ŀ֮Ҷţ
Ͼ̲סĳ鴤һ£ŵʵӣ³Լ֮⣬ж֪
ҶЦЦЦЦ޾ɬ˽㣬Ǵҿе֪£ﻹ֪¡
һǴ½Լ빫֪ôܻлء
ʵδزҶЦԴӵϱһᣬĲ֪Ƿδ֪ߡʵԽǿ۽Խߣȴֻ֣Լ۷Զδ֪ʵ̫̫ˡ
һü˼Ƭ̵ǹôأ
ôһû뵽ҪôҶЦı۾˵оһƬӣ£ãȻ
ӻѡȻ󡭡ǱʱλҶߣȻһо
ҶЦ𣿿ǳ֮⣬һôɱԽɲ
էȻһ˿ȻĺΪʲôȻд֮ҶͬԴѪԴΪǰᣬҶվϹӵڣֱӵаڽɽ
ҶЦӶȻһ£û˵
ֻҪǽλҶӻǼȫȻ󣬾ʲô鷳ûˡ
һ֪ԹӵıǶ϶ϲԸôģǡôȴǽǰЧİ취һǣߴûѡ£ֻվߡ˵о֮շ֮ļӳɡֻһж֮󣬾֮Ҷһ˳Щ˵֮ǰһʱ
ԹӵʵֶΣ֮ǰضܹǰһУ¾Ͽɹӣˣ棡
ҽĲͨ˫⼸ˣֻб㡣ʵ̫ˡҪ֣ܽһȫϣЩص˲ҽżȻмԾȻصߣҲɡ
ǻңҽҶƶǸðƻ֣ûֱܹӼԼƵҶӣΪֹ֪ǾҶ͵˶ǾԵԼˣǵǹӾȻأǹӵʩȣʱӣҲιֵɣ
һ˵һСĵؿҶЦ
ʵ̫˽ҶЦˡ
ҶЦһֱû˵ͿԲ²⵽ҶЦѡ
ѡδȴ̫̫ˣ
ԼӰ칫ӣѡδ֮·ƽ̹࣬ȻˣȻЩʲôɴ²Сڱԣ
ҶЦûκα顣
ϣ˵ģһƽݾ
޷ϣûĨɱ
ԼֻҪɵǼҶˣͿԳ˼ʶҶʧ΢ʱ̣֮ģӴӵ߶ʵδС
˵ϢĸɵǼҶˣĲ⣬ǼҩȻ޻ɵԶȥʹɢԼ˪ûжû֪ǵĵϸ
ҶҲԶû׷鵽Լߣֻ׷鵽ҶƶıҶ׷ɱ˶ѣ
Լһ߶ΪټϾеԼ޾ƣ˵Լ˲ӵ˳ɵĳʵӵµʸ񡢵
ϵƽƣ
ʵһ죡


337 Ҷ
ƽƣһٳΪ۷
ֻۣɱμ桢ȫǱԼȻİˡ
˶ѣ
⣬ʵڲǶôԾѡ
˿̣ҶЦ
ֻҪһǺգ̹;޾
ƽһĻᣬҶЦеʵֻһҶѪ
˶ѣ
˵ģгɴߣǸۣ
ɳ飬ǱȺȰ׿ˮҪ򵥣
ɴ²С
ΪͼҵֵҿУԷĿЩӣһλ棬ǱȱȽǣ
οǺ쳾֮
ν棬ʷ±࣬ʵԾɲһһظšɴ¡Ḷ́
˵ʱӢۣӢʱƣʵӢҲӮңӮ˾Ӣۣ
ҶЦ뻳УǰĿǰδӲãһ»룬Ͼؼ
̾˿á
ȻҶЦ˵ǣȴѾ֪ҶЦѡ
λǵˣǾԲȡԼ˵·ġ
ֻ̾һ
Уȴǳ˽
ˣˣ

˴˼Լһ׼޴ڵŨԼΪش۵ڵǰΧۣǾ˶ǾϲĪ
ϣȻĵط
Ǵ˵֮еã
ȻųǵǿߣԾߣҲҪ󣬶Ҳ൱Ҫ󣬲ΪǿߣǶΪ֮˵иض컹ҪǿأޱȾ̾
ԼŲһʱѣԼϵˣѾȬءΪ൱ʱﶼлָҲҲȫָʵҲΧ£ٵĻָȫָҲǸʱѡ
ǰյǰĻָٶȽҪ죬ʵȫָ
״֮⣬ƶ˹Ӵ˼ҲѾΣգӻ״̬֮˹
ԭѽĻ춾ⴴۼҲҵ
λҶǵҽֶξף쳾ĵףǴˣ֮ǰڼ᳦ģһԴޣ룬ǫ̾˵
仰Ѿ˵˲ֹһٱ飬ֻҪһ鲻Խظ
ȫĵرظͬʱȴҲֻĬĬصͷ
ϾȽҶЦΪ˴̬ȶԣȷʵ˵㡣
ڸֻ̾ڷ洫Ŀԣæȥ鿴ȴүֻĿڴͷԼˡ
ӣǴˣʱһ˷ܡ
ƶ˹ʵѾʱ֮ǰһΣΪ״ԾҲֻ۾˵δڣʱʱ䣬ȻѾԼǾ޴Ľ
ȿȡҶƶ˾ҵĿͷһƫ³һɫѪ飬ȴصʲôط
áش
ôǴģҶƶɻ󣺡ǸôŹ
һ仰û˵꣬Ƶľҿ״ʻ
οϷŹǣֻڱ׷ɱ֮УԵõĲҽҶ־ǡԿҽ֮Ȼ鴫ˣǴá
šҶƶü˵ͷ¶ҪúõĴл˼ҡ
ֱڿ죬Ҷҽ᳦ĵˣʩ϶ϲرĺ˵лֻ˼ҵ⡣

˵ҵô˵ʵ벻ǵĺôɣҵʲôˣģǼľµģ
ôſڴƻأǺûҲûô˵ģ⻰˵ʹϣҲгζأ
ҶЦǺЦԭе˸ߴԺ֮ˣԿǽѶٸɣҪôϱҽݣ
Ҷƶһ˻ȥǰϢϸҶҾ״ˣתԾʩѹ𣿡
»֪׷ɱǵһ·һ֮⣬ȫҶɱˡͷ
Ҷ¹ҪңҪлҶƶ˵š
ǡ˴ӦӰѵĳ˯ȥСĵ˳ڼ䡣ΨŪһĶ
Ÿո߳ȥڼ䣬Ϳſˡ
һϮۣȻվݳһĵĮ
˲ҶЦȴ˭


338 Ψ˺
Ҷˡһ
šҶЦһȻ޲׿ˮһ㣬ʵôˣ
ǼѾ޴ˡͨĽӴѾϰҶЦĮæش
бµɣҶҽĲҽҪûرɣ͹£
ǹ˰ɣҶЦʵ
ҽͨ񣬻棬ӸղȷʵתֻԾúܣ˯ˣл˹ġ
ĸҹӣȻػϽˣﵽʲôʱ򣿡ҶЦЩͷĿ壺ҲˣҲˣΪûȫָжް˰ɣôߣѲǿǺ쳾Ķ츣أҪٶռ𣿣

˵ʱһ
λҶʵǡʵǡ̫ɶˣΪһҽߣһΪҽߣȻܰݶϣ߻޷ԣ׵ǰ޹ˡ
Ψֱ˸мһ㣬ڱĸлʱ򣬵ͷһˮ⧲ֲʤ
ȻȻ˵Ļȷʵ쳾ǶµأҲڡţʵڵģأֻҪǸ߾Ͳ뿪ܶͶ죬⻰˵ˣĺôҶҽҷ۶𣿣
Ҫ֪·תۺףת·Ҳ׺𣿣
ҶҽǹȻˡ廹ЩǲᶯĽ͵
һΪߣΪ鳤ڣӽ𾳵ΪΪ۵Ļֻ»Ҫڻ֮ϣǵǿߣҲ֪أһʼλҶʱܻ鲻ԽظоԼĪ˰أһȡ
㻹֪Ҷҽ𣿸ҸҴݵ˵ҹжôͲᶯˣҽж֪ҹӵ״Ҹǰ״
ҶЦ˷ۣǲֻҪҹӻʮ껹ţǾʮꣿұҽľһɲ뱻˾ʹ˶թˣҾͿԳ־ȴᵱԩͷ
ҲǸ˼ҵ˼ҵ˼ҾҶٿ޼գֻҪӵٻָһ㣬Ǽ̾ߣӡ
ҶЦεƳҲã˼ҶѾѻõˣֱһĿ°Ӳ˵˴ξ֮ҵûġǶõĹҲţʱľλǷ֧ҶΣ
ߺߡҶЦҪ˵ʲô߻˻ȥǮȻãٸʮޣǵѡҩѡס޷ãҲҪǵģһǧҺˣ
ʲôһǧ飡
ɫɲǼӣҧݴ۾صҶЦ
ʲôЦһǧңզȥأ
ھ뿪Ļֻ֧ҾͺãҶЦĮĿƺûע⵽ķŭȴǽһ˾ųɡ
ǡס죡һ䡮߾ߡŭں˺üΣȥ仰
ţ飬лּۻۣҶЦĵͷ
һΪ
ҶЦתţȴתм»бҪ֪ģҹһʣҶҾפѾһҶƶ˱˸ǲ֪ȥδ֪֮ţ߿ô˵ѾҶҾĴˡ

ͬʱɴ۾ȻһҪһ׷һҶЦȻûнԸתȥ
ֻ󣬴ľˡ
ôҶƶ˾ˣټҶҾһҹ֮ɢˣ˾о⡣
ͱĶԣǿνޱȱҶðƻǶҶҾʢǿڵģҶҾۺʻǺ͵ģƽĶۣҶܹڲʱҳȫ£У˰ٶλʥԪ߽ߵͶЧȷʵˡ
֪ƶ˹ӲҶҵϵ£һͦҶ࣬Ȼ֪ҶЩͶЧʵࣩʹƵƶ˹ԳҲδܹҶ֮ʱҶС˲ʱȡҶƶԼһµĺøУΣΪ֮ı·ʣ
ӵҶ࣬ռȫϷ磬ôһˣȫûɢĿأ
⵽զ£
δ̫˼˰ɣ
ѵ߶λ桭Գˣһ˿ϲ
Ҫ˵жϣϵǰ̬Ƶжϣ˶ҶҾʵԼ˰糣˫𲢵ĻԼʮֵܹȻܹشҶҾȴҲضϤ군ʤĿܡ


339 ּ
Լ˵ǳڣӽ𾳣ʵĲǿ߲ν֮𣬵ǰ״Ψκ֮һ֣䲻ߵľʵѹҶҾϲ֣϶µ߽ģпҶҾ߽һҹ֮״
䣬ǱӦ˯˰Ҷƶȴ۾һ˿ԵĲ⡣
ȽҶҾһҹɢķ˼Ҷƶ˶ҶЦ̬ȸΪѽ⣡
λҶ
Լ˵˵Ĵ£˺ֻҪûмͻԼǱҴ֮Ҷ߷֣ο仹жĿҽ˫ǴɹʶγɺĻԵ˫Ӯ棡
λҶȴ⸱̬ȣҪʲôأǲҪԼ˵ĸмڹ⼤ŭԼˡ
ſҪǧңʨӴſڣʵ
ǣԲǣҶƶ˿ǧңҲδعҶԼĵԴɱ
Լ˵նʲô״ˣ˵ʮɣܹڽӽ𾳵ĶһϢƣͬСɣܹƵҽߣ˵֮һֻ־ĹԼе඾ҩҩۺ޽֮
ҶǽԼ˾Ȼˣһ֮䣬Լ״ãԭڣƷãֲɣ
⻹ֻƷѣҩأȻ˻˵ʧҶҽľ鵤˵ҶƶԴָ֮󣬾ͲԼܹ֮ûҶЦ֮⣬ǵڼõĶöƷ鵤Ч
Ҷƶһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ҶҽԼ˷õ鵤пǾ쳾ѾõƷƼ鵤ѾΪ˵񻰣쳾ӣʵˣҩѣͬһ֣
⻹꣬ס޷أͬһ֣
˹ȻʶõĻ״Ƹͨ죬Ҷƶ˽õǰŨ봹֮ҶصŨȽ֮󣬵óһֵĽۣǴ֮Ҷ֮ʢҲ֮ܶȵ֮һ
κ߶Ҫ֮ͣκδƿ׶εߣԸУȡһ֮нͻƵʱգ
ۺ㣬ҶЦȡǧҸ¥˦ۣ̫ˣ
ȻһˣҶЦԼм⣬ȴζ״ƻ˴Ѿȹ̵꣬ôҲ˵ͨ
ϣػأ

ҶЦƲλүӵſڣſվһŽſ˽ȥ
λүӴ˼ѾȻ廹ĺܣ˵ҪǶѻָһŬתͷҶЦ񣬷ĸ
һγҶЦΣ֮ʾ֮Ĺүӣиζӳ£Ա
ΪҲ족׳֣һվ˵ߣȴΪһѪ֤뿪ǰˣȥҶҾǱߣȻѵʹȻǡ˭λ꣬˶٣
ʱʧҶЦӰʵľǲһ
ʱԼΪ˴֮˲ǿȻҶЦҪ֧ŵʱԼ˲˶ȥתͷ֮жԵҶҾĴҶЦȴδһ겻񣬷ʵֲ׳ʱյĹģеࡢĥѣȴǿļ
ε͹УҶЦûбԹûгޣûжԼ˵κһĻ
˵ģȫʸ˵ģ
ûԹԼ˳ΣѵʱһһεʩԮ֡ڼȵΣ̡
һ٣ٶǰӲƴ۵İԼˣȴΪʲô
ʵ֤ѡ·ǴģشģǴ֮ҶĺˣͲʲôöԼѡ;ԼУ಻ԡ
ң·ڲټȥˡ
󣬽ܵظ˵ĽŲ̤ʵǰУ̹;Ԥڣ
λ˼ҺЩôҶЦ΢Ц˽ȥϣּ˰
үӱƽһ仰˵Ĳδ꣬ˡүӵȻЩʡ
ҶЦһ̾ϢǺαأѣԮӦ֮⣬֮ǰ֣ǸΪ治طϣ˵֮£ԴͷҶĳϣҪûҶĳλȴҲδҪҶƶ˺Ƥ
λүȴһ̾ҶЦô˵ǿףǿɲôΪҶƶ˽ɱֲõܣѾ׼ˣҪȻɱֵʵȻԤıֻǷȱһʱѣϻҪм֮ϽҶЦһʱԮϵ
򣬽һսԼ߸ˣûκĻᣡ


340 
ҶĳȴôҲû뵽ҶྐྵɥĲ񣬾ȻҵԼλɱһ־ɱС뵽ҶЦҲһ
ʱҶЦϣ˵ʲôҲ벻ҶȻĸô
ƫƫôˡ
ϾҶԣֻҪϽ󣬾һƶ˹ӡǸʱԼֻһ;޽ң
ϿЭ˱ܣԾɲһʱƫȻע޷ãزԶգһϣ󣬷ܹл
Ǹ˶ôң˵Ҷ࣬˶һŭǡ
˵ȴҲδһ¡үĿȻһ£λεĸ飬Ҳý߶ҶҵϵӴ֮󣬶Ҷֻ𾴣ءԼҶ棬˴ǣ
үӵһ仰λһƣ¶һ˿ϣɫ
߶壬Ҷŵԣʴ֮Ҷһݺ쳾һֱȴһֱȴʮ꣬վֻȵһ֣Ѿҡ崫лҪȥ⼸ϼһγ壬ȻҶƽϣ۵㣬ȴҲϴˢġ
ү̧ͷҶЦʱգǱ󣬵Ϊ˼ƣһ⼸ٶоһ¡
үӵĿ⣬Ȼλүӹ
жᶨɫ˵ȥ
үӻͷҶЦǡǻӴ֮߶Ը׷£Ӵս޻ڣ
һ˵
˶ɫĿȣ
һȦ̬ٻصԭ㡣
ȻвۣܻԲġҲ㹻ˡ
λүĵмοҶƶ˵ʩɥҪȻĲװνҶǣ
ҶЦһ˿ʹΪѣ̾һɫǰ
λүӼ״Ȼ
ʲô˼߶εӴ֮ǰҶƶܶõģʮ֮һӴǰ鸽ؾȴǿϲɫ⡭
ѵΪǰ²Ļ䣬ԸǳϹֻǵ봹֮Ҷź˿Էָ
ˡүʵѵС˼ɡ
˼ǹүСʳȴǼ
˵Ŀ⣬עҶЦϡ
·Ҷĳ˹̬߶£ҪҾֻ˵÷ˡ
ҶЦЦһλүӵⷬУȴܴӦʼǣؽڣδλүպڣԼѵ桭뼸λү˼֮˵䲻ģҶĳҲһ鷲ˣ֮ǰһټ֮ݣҶĳʳе𣬼ȻܳеԾͽֿܶž
ү˴ǹˣҶƶ˶Ƕɱͬɱ֮˵ŵԣѵǣ֮˵봹֮Ҷ޹ν֮£
үΪȻҶЦĹڣһմ֮ͥ£ȫԱ˵ҶЦȫ޽٣˭ҲǲŵģԼĶģҶЦ˼˼ɣ˵ڵ棬Ҳ֮Уʹүٲзȴٴα
ҶЦ̾һʹı۾ҡͷίʵ顭ǸҶƶˣƶ˹ӣҶ࡭ƶ˹ʵˡ
λүһ𾪺
Ӧô˵ǸҶ࣬ȻҲҶѪȴҶҴ֮ˣֻǳ̽ϢǰվҶҼ֮ӡҶЦһ飬ԼҶƶ˵飬Ҳ˵ˣ֮ǸҶ࣬εѬģɥĲҲãĻˣܴҶҡ
ҵ㣬ϣλҪоƣ봹֮ҶԳŵڣΪҶҵһͽֱʶҡҶδ̫Ϸˣ
ҶЦоǳʹȻҲԸ˵࣬ƽʧȥһȻɷ֮䣬е࣬ΥԶЦ£Լؾ͹ȥ˵
ۣ
үǿһӵȥľǰ֮£Ȼ͵һѪ
ľϢֱҪ
λүҲһ޶ʧǡ
Թүӵ״̬ΪһȻֱ˹ȥ


341 ¡ٲ
үӸҶЦദãҶЦǿãҶҶЦǴ֮ҶˣүԾ޷˵֧ҶЦΪؾ澡Ŭڲòټ֮ԽؼҶӢӵ
֮࣬ȻϣعԼõ£ȴֱ֪ϣֻһʵԼɻҪج֮С
˵ϣ֮ľ˾үӿǽϣʧϣʧβΣ
ʵҶĳһλǰǰĿľҪλ˵µԵҶЦ·ͻȻҸҶɥĲо˹˵ĵʩίʵҲԤ֮⣬ɴ
ҶЦ˵ѵλ˴ͷɥ˪һȫ޷ֱ
ΪѾȴû뵽νİоֻǼ
һֱšûаʧ
һ٣һˣȫ壡
һˣλүϣԼֻج֮УһѣתأʼĽүӣˣͲԵǰݾȻֻʱľһܱȼԶһ㻺塭
λҲ˱ۣǹ۲λƵƶ˹ӡҶЦλҶҵϵڶ̳ˣȴҪǼٻǿ̫ˡԣǵҲ̫ġ

һ̾Ϣ˵ͬʱ³е飬ģᡣ
ǲгŵֻ֮ۿһǰȴ֮裬ֻܸĳ֪ߵǳĽɫУʵڷܹ
һ̣λүӸɴ˵Ҳûˡ
һƽʬһڴϣġ֪ʲôζɥʧ
תĹүɣһ֡ȥĸо
ҶЦĬһ£ȴֲ֪˵ʲôβŵλúϢɡ
ʹ˳ȥ
λ˼û˻ػľżƵţȫȻû˾


߶ļǻָŻϢسãһ·̾ϢԻؼҡ
ǽȥҶҼʼն֪顣
Ҷ๹ҶҾȻ߽⣬ڣôǰĳԣԼ飬㲻ҪνᣬۼҶЦô˵ġ
λ߶ϳɾ֮Ȼ֪ҶЦ˾ǲΪԼ˽ʲôҪ鷳ɣ¸Ӹм֮࣬ȴҲʧ䡣
֮ҶҶƶ˹ӴԼ뿪á
֮ǰҶƶҶЦ֣صлŸǶȥ
ʧıӰҶЦ䡣
ӣջѡˡ֪ʱҶЦߣ˵
ƾҶЦѵһ֮ں쳾촳һƬأαҪЩ카ĶǣҿǲϰߵģҶЦ΢ЦţһȻд⡣
˵治֪ڰοңڰοԼΪԼһ˵ùȥɰɡҶЦʵûôֻһ㲻ôӲмôΰɷΪΪ
˼ʿҶЦĳ밮ҵˣ͸ֶصӢۣ
ҶЦһЦӢۡ˵Ұο㣬Ī˵ѾͷתͷοҹҺ𣿣
ֻǱһ죬ΪҵνӢţֻߵ;ĩ·һĵزͲǸӢ
ģУԶӢۣۺʱεأҶЦϣ˵ʵӣϲġҸԸĹӣеΥԣ
Ҿô㡭
૵˵Ӯ£Ӻ쳾ǲӮԸٲʵֻҪȹһ¡ΪһŮˣѾǴӮˣ
ҶЦȻӮҾ£䣬ٲ
ͻȻһХһֵҲģ
̶̵֣ն
ǶŲġ
ҶЦֳڣδ䣬̴棬ȴһ߽ȥ
һʶȴҶЦĴЦУʵ
ȴ
ǽĽ飬᲻ıҵӡ󣿡
ᡣ
ΪʲôղŲ˵
ǸıˣһˣΪҵڶ˱ͨǾͿԸ׵ĳɹһ¡

˵ǹӲı䣬ǾͻԭĹӡ
ţ
ܸı仹ǲı䣬ԾϲǸˡıˣҸı䡣ҪӢۣҾĺգҪħҾҹ桭
ñ


ʱúܿ졣
ת֮䣬ǰʱⵯָȥ
ʱ䣬ƽ˵δػʲô仯ڽ˶ԣȴܴ췭ظľ䡣


342 仯
ķҳǣٱ䡪
ֻ߿˵ûб仯Ϊҳǵ֣Ծ֮ǰһ㣬ҶռݷҳǾųɵĵ̣УΨһͬģֻҶҾֻҶңУҳѾΪҶҵ˽еĵ̣
ҳеһ֮ԻռдԼһɵĵֻ̣Ϊ˫ϵѺãûʽ˹ϵˣ
һҶЦƶ˹ӣһλ˲ţǵ츳ߣŻ磬ֶ˿˿ֺۣңʿ黳ȣǰֻðʱ䣬ѾҳþȻһ¡
֮ҶҶֳһٷչ״̬ǰá
λƶ˹ߴĹϵҲԽԽǢÿμλүӣǹִ֮񣬿˵òԳ֣غ񣬾
òҶҴˣλүӱ֧֣ȴЩġ
λҶҼϵҶӵȷǸ˲ţҶҴҵչҲ龫ǣŻѪʱСıһ㣬˭Ҳǿóëġ
ҶҴҵҲ׿гЧġ
λүӶĿãʵԸĨɱĳΥ֮ۡ
̶̰ʱ䣬λƶ˹£ҶȻȲҶǸʱʢƣҶǸʱȻˣȴֻٵķ٣ں˳˼ϸǼϸǼϸҲ絹Ļɫȫ֮ʿԡ
Ҷƶ½£֣֮ҶʱĶҪ̫ˡ
˵ҶƶΪҶҾ˵ǷѾЧҲԶ׼Ŀá
ҶҲϵˣҶƶ˵֮ˡ
λүԾɻ޷Ȼ
ԭʵܼ򵥡Ǿ䣬˱˵Ȼӡ
ҶЦġţҶƶ˵ĳɼ㲻Ĩɱ޿ɷϡҶЦĳɾͣȴǸӵĿӾžޣ
ʵҶЦȽҶƶˣǲԵȵĲƽģҲȽϡݹӹŵİߣܹͬȵڵҶЦ޽У
ʹǵۣž޵ҶھļƲȫϣҲԶԶҲҪ׾̾
Ҷƶ˵ıֹȻɫҶЦȽϵĻǾҪԵ̫ƽӹˡ
ǰ˭֪ǲȴԱȽϵǲʲô𣿣
ҶЦһ裬ǿԿüĹ̹;ǸҶƶˡ㲻˵ǰ;ǰ·δ֪Ƚôû뷨
һԭڡҶƶ֡
λүֻҪһƶ˹ƺͺǳһֻӬһܡ
ǰҶ࣬һ˷ҳǾͽԼָĳҶƶˡ
ȻҶĿΪĿ飬ڶ塣
ǣʱƶ˹ӣڻƶ˹ӡ
ͬҶݡ
ʹݲͬλүҶƶ˵ʱԾɻоŤʹһֻԭҶƶˣʱضܻᱻӡָо
ʼ޷ġ
λүӺڵҶƶ˶㶼ƣȴ޼ƿʩ޷룬޿κΡ֪βܽĽᡣ
Ҷµĺ֢ʵ̫Զˡ
ÿһγƺƶ˹ĸ֣λжһᡭ
Σ˵ҶʼǴչ֮Сȫ֮ͬǰҶഴҶҾǻᣬҶҷҲڲϵĳ֣ϵļҶһǧ졣
߶ҶǾ޴ĺ¡

ҶҾķչʱѾȫ˳˷ҳǡֻܲפδŲ֮⣬лȫ޽ؽ硣
޽Ҳˣ
ĺնǿƳֱ쳾Ϊ֮𾪣
ִĳĳ޽һһ޽ʮŹ֮һĺعӺնɱȫˣ֮ٶ𶯺쳾
عӺһʵ۷꣬ǳδͻ֮ǰˮ׼ʹĶǿߣھִ£ֻУ
Ĵ¼˲ʱ¡
һ䣬ֳնػ֮Уնɱ޽˴Ŵ֮࣬һˣ޽ལţལ̫ϡϡ֮£һ⡣ű𣬼Ȯ
׮Ѫ䶯޽
Ҫ˵ལ֮ĶԹ㲻ʲô£ĸֶκҲΪ棬ѩֶζߴڣں쳾죬޽ȭͷǵ磬ֻҪȭͷ󣬾ֶᣬ꼸ѾǼޣ˾ģȴһΪ
ٷϢͨߣȻ֪䵱걻ལδ֮ǰٰĥһΪȫ𣬼һΪȫ֮ˣ䣬ǣΪʧǻᶥҲʱ䣬һΪȴǿ֣֮ལ֮УӪдȥݺأ²һ֮ལ¾֮ʫһףƮȻȥ
ҹгݣ̤ţ
һаն²ȾѪۣ
Ϊоػ֮С
˵ðҿ꣡
ʫֶߣ鴫ƪʫȴǵ˱Լལ֮ԩڱ־
˭ðҾ󣬽յĲལžհ
ѪȵɱѪȵԣ
һۣ֮ȻΪһλȽȽĸɱ



343 ޽ս

ڰ˫ɷ\ɷǴ޽ǧ°ܾ֡·ǿŷɥ
ڰ˫ɷֱ޽аڶλھҶЦġߡ֮£

оս޽ﾫʴϷɫ׳ʡ
ʮÿеţ򣬻Ȱ˸ÿڷְ˸һ·࿭衣
ԾΪǿӲ²ϿģֱӾǿս˭뵽νáȻսҵĸ֡
֮˸ÿڲͬؽԽԼķܲһ
ĳ֪֯εϢ鱨λÿһ˶ǳߣʵʵĶΪ
һĸϢǣʵʮÿڣĸÿû֪Щÿڵְʲô˵Ī⣬أȴŰ˸ÿڵսԽԽԻͶˮǴߣγһ˿ڵĪ⣡
ǵϢ̫ˣɲֻʮãʮãֻǾÿڶѡʮãȫսãսãսóϻ
ʮ֮Ѿİ˸ÿڵʵѾ˿ֲδĸÿڣʵҲضãԴۣսָأʮõǳߣôָʲôˮ׼
˻
;ˣ𺳵Ļںأս֮⣬ִã֮ǰɱعӺ𽣲ǾִõִȺִ֮¿϶ٲˣû㹻ʵƾʲôִִõۺսõս֮£
˻
˵лãֻ⻤øΪأ֪еʲô򡭡
Բۡ
ʵкܶܶս˵йá
գ
ھ֮£һ˫ɱʮ֮ϣ֮λǲǿ߰
Ѿû
˵мѣ֮ҶعҳǾ֣ʱפҳڶ࣬ȴֻҶѾͬˣ˰Ȼ
С
ȵȡ˵ô࣬ĸ˭
ôЩ֪ĸȻЦ˰
Ц񲻾Ǵŵеߡ
԰԰벻Ҳ֪Цķ£㲻֪ЦΪǸߵ׹컯Ƿ켫޵С
ô
ǻ˵Ҫô˵ء˵λЦǰսֻۣ䲻ûнʤ
˻ģ
˵ôЦעΪѨ磬δҲ룬ô˵Сսء
ǵǣ»ЩԵġ
֮ܶ޽ˣ쳾ˡ

žǿƳȻʴƷ׷׳ǹҲƵƵơƸ¥λƶ˰徵ƶ֮֮㣬ȻҲܺͬʱ޽
Ψֵܻ᷽棬ʱʲôϢȴ˸С˶ԣշҳҶҾƶ˹Ҷİʮ֮߶ֵܻıƶ㾫Ʋ֣ľ
ڵҶ࣬Ѿ
λ๫ڵҲѾǲҵ˼㡣
ÿһ죬鷳ܶ㵽ҵһһ衣ÿһ֮Уˮʱ򣬱ֱӴˮңԷʱ򣬻ᱻֱӽƻ
ÿһҹ˯ʱҲǰɧš
ণľԱ
ڶ̶̵İ֮УҶѾҰˣؤҪң
ÿһҪ̤ϻصҶϼ֮صĵ·һβУڶξ֣
֮ܶȥҲҪбĶ
ʵʵţĥˣ
ÿһ춼۷裬ڼͷӼմۻͷ㲻ԣͶ
ԡ֪Ҫܶ裡
ڵҶ࣬ѾκˣֻǺڡԼΪʲôѬģΪʲô顭
Լʵʵ͵̽·ʹ߶ã
ҲǴһ
ÿһĻںޣƲȥڵĳӶˡ
ںޡڻҺ˭
ǰܹȥһֻҶ඼־ĻΪޱ޼ʵĥһεˡ

ţ޽еһȽϴаˣǸƸ¥ȻˣаǸаˣչһսһһ̴˸ضɽɣضɽɲǱݣʵдգΪһ̴սΧڵʮɽ߱飬߱Էɣ浱Ǵúܣ˫Աܾˡ
գѷһа˱˳޽֮⣻ȴҲûֵˣ۹󣬸ող£ĲбֱӱƸ¥޽
һսΪ㣬ټ޽ؽ磬رս
ǷƸ¥սа˴ս󣻺ֻ˾սƸ¥ֳ˾Ӳ󣬴ǡ
֮ܶ
޽֮սѾҵ˲֪Եĸ߶ȣȫͷѭ
Һ򣬴ٺ򡭡
ôĴȥŪﾡһԺֻ֪˭˭ս
֣ҲԺŪϲսͼΪΣôս
֮ǰҶЦ͵˵ĵ˾仰һֽͣ˿̡仰޽ֱӲá
Ϊڵǰ޽˾ǵˣ˵ĵԾɻǵˣ
ΨиΪսƴɱ
ȻԭԾҲѣƸ¥а֮䣬ʹûгֹȻѣȫڷţ
һգһսԼͻȻͨ޽鱨֯ͣһͤ¡
ãɸҹ֮һս


344 һս
սšԹ
ԼսĿֱָ꣬ʮ֮á
֪ǰʱŵü죬֮ǰһֻս֮£ֱӽϷ˲ȥ֯ȴ޹ͽȻ۽
žռµ̽ȹ̣ķԽЧȻһηУĴ֮һյİ檣ȴǲھ
ѶǲȻŭҪΪ檱ԷսԣԼս
Ϣһ޽Ϊ֮һࡣ
ͣһͤ޽ؽ緶鱨֯Ȼ֯ԡ֮ͤʵʵ鱨صҲһСͤнףСͤȴǱ鲼޽ͤ˸֣سŵ
ֻҪͣһͤͣһͣó㹻ĴۣܹõҪ鱨ͬʱҲ԰ҪϢʱĿĶУö֮ͣһͤ˳Ϊ޽鱨֯һԼսһͨѶߣֻҪԼսϢίиͣһͤ»֪£սԼһ벻֪ͣһͤȷһ֪һϢ
ϢһǱӦһ֮ХɽһսݣʤԹ
Ӧһ֮һ
ˣⳡݵľսѾɱ⡣
þҹáȻҲܹܵʮַĴ޽еȡŨȶҪʮ޷ͬն
ԣΪ˸õһսýһµսҪ
䣬մbossҶЦҶҲʹ·רŵһ£ٻȥǣ
õboss֧֣ϲĴ˸Ͻع顣
һµĿ仹սнԶӳ֣Щһʮ˲Ƥ
һµʱգ۶
Хɽڴ˵Ⱥʱ
һεľսŰûоʹ֧ͨܲԮȵȡ
ΪݿɿʾȻǳߣʵΪ֮ԼҪһΡ
߲֮ȫգһնɱ
ǽֵ̫󣬷νǣϾڹ뷭Ƹ¥ս˴ȫλӵУս㣬ǴʱȫսôͲ濪սܵС
տĽһξսΪ˽˾ս
Ϊ˶˽𣬶Ϊ˽γɵӡ
պϣһǰһգ±ȻȣôԼͿնɱ֮࣬˳£ЦԾû˵ʲô
˽˾սսϣԳսʹɱҲֻѰ·ȣ
յȵ֮ʣˣһȫԱˣ

ֻһսսĴսľ˵Ԥϣ
ս˺۵ɽȥ֮ɽ鿴ȴֻһѪ֫ϱۡоǡĴ֮еĿʬ壡
ڴ֮ǰ˾棬û˿þ¡
ùȻʵǷȻʱңսϲˡ
ĴȴǾþ쳾սĥµǿߣ
ڴ֮ǰĶս֮Уÿζѹ·磬Ϊ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽һεľսȻǾʤ
ձˣµһǧ֣һ
ѪȾХɽ
յ̴ãϧ¶˹̣ȴû׼ȷֵʵ
˵˽˶ԾУ·ԼۿȾΧȺŹǹһǾֻȺŹȺŹˣ
սĿȫīڴ֮У

֮⡣
һСɵĸ¥֮С
һλ¹ӻȻվжȻǿɱ󣡡
Ҳ飡
󣬵ʲôͷ
ССϣȻð
ٸ֪ν
һλῡŵĹӿ³ͬһصı顣
ǣ
˭еǰҪصĴۣλṫһʧڸ¥֮С
Ƭ֮ԶһƵѩɽϢı
Ѿ˲֪µ壬ʹʧ

Ƹ¥֮С
ӣѾõȷϣλĸһֱڵȵǸˣһϣؿŶԼĹӡ
û뵽ˣһô磬չô죡һߵ
עӵı˶ˣǾΥİ׹ӡ


345 
׹ԾȻԾԾ۵ǻۣƺһУơ
֪׹ӵЦţ赭дڰ֮ǰ磬Ѿ֪ˡ
һȹԲ׷ʵӾȻ֪ˣǡΪΣ
ΪΡ׹üԶɽ۾ȻԶɽǸʱʵ̫ˣǹ棬ֻʧѵõĶ֡ԣҸԼʱ䣬бǿء
ϿɵĶ֣ܸŻݣҲֻһʱѡƾԼƣѹһʵˣȤӵʧ
ʵ֤ϿɵĶֹȻ׹ЦЦھ֮ޣвʱ䣬ȴѾɳ˿࿴ĵزˡ
޾Ȼ˵ҶЦ֮ˡˡ
׹ӵɫһ˵Ļ䣬һظɡ
ӣʲôʱ֡ҶЦ˺쳾ģʵ
ǵ÷ҳǱߴļӽϢԵǱ߳һã׹˵ҽ޽֢֮רα֮ˡ
Ȼǵáգգʱ򣬱ֻǵһ˵ѡϾϺųƱ֮޽֢֮˻кܶģȺڵ٣ЩֶΣܹǵȳ̶ȵȴ˭
޾ԣΪ˶ڿڣͳ׷вҽĴڡ׹ӻ˵ȻҵʱҲ֪ǲ˱ʲô취ˣǸʱʼҾڲ²⣬ǲҶЦˡ
һ¶һĨ˼ɫ˵Ǹʱڻõ
ȵһϢҲֶΣ׳ʵʱǻɹ˺ü֮ʱɻǵãϣҿھƣˣ¹¹ģ
϶ʱͨ죬һˬʵ֮㣬ᾹҲŤ
ǣӣһ죬һӶˡ
ܵͺϸĵϲ
һߵҲʱ˹˵һ죬ͬͨ죬Ű׹ӵ񣬳⡣
ΪŮؼǵãһ죬׹ھƺ˵ҹǵĴӡ
ʱŮ⣬ʵӣʲôӣ
׹˵˲ƣƸ꣬ƻʳ˥ʷټáԼ£ȴδѵкϢȻҲ˫ϲŵĺʱ
׹˵ʱҪ˵ʲôʱϲĵͷڴ
ǵõʱ׹˵ˣں½귭ƣƸꣻں쳾죬ͬĸ귭ƣνǸ귭ƣȴʼûеĸ귭ơ
׹ӵһƽ۾⣬˵֪ǷţڵʱƸ¥ʱҾ¹ģгһգɾ֮λ÷Ƹ¥ǵĻ鷿ⷭƸ¥֮УŮˣƸꡣ
ʯ쾪һ仰ճŮʱߵҲ˵ȴϲã޻
㻵ˣһʶҪŤһ£ȴֲáһ뵽ôʱ򣬾Լ˵δŮ¶ۡ
Ǻǡ׹ЦЦȴı˳ԣȻкϢη˫ϲţҵŮǰŰɡ
ڽҹ˶һã߲֮У׹ӴЦһ˵ݾ˵ĳĳ
ҲǴϿʼΪ׹ӵŮˡ
ϣǶ˲ҪҲʣǡʱ׹ӵһ仰ȴ档
һˣôǲʣǶŮĲء׹Ϊ֮ӣ֮ӣǼشĴ¡ڳ֮ǰ¾Ѿ˰׵ǻӵܣҹСıǶ׹һˡ
ԭ֮ˣԶܱͥϣ
Ľֻ֣ǡھһЩ֮Ϣʧ
Զʧ
Ͳ󷢻ȻԶԾȥ£ǲеĵͼڣȥϵĻʼѪĪ˵ͳݣֻһůѾͷǶ䣡
֣ʵ׼ġ
Ű׹ӣȻԣһֺäĿִŵ˲һвĳ̶ȣʹ֪Լݵ΢۴һԣ׹ƥ䶼˵ģԾ޷ˣ޻ڣֻҪ뵽һԶ룬ʱҲȻˡ
ǻԼܻţܰʱ޲߾ȫ


346 ж㰮ǽɽ
ֻҪǹҪ£Ǿͻȥȡ
ҪʥǾŮҪΪħǱħŮɲ¹ҪݱҲԸΪ˹ɱ¾£ȥѪծ޾ҵ
Ȼ׹ԣ᲻֪ͥʵ
οƲʣȫ֮⣬ȴѾǰ׹һ֮еѹҵŮˣ
ûס
˹𣬳
ҵŮҪξܾ
ڵĵλڵΪѵʲôֶοԻģ˭ŵġ
ԣľѳۣɶ֣
Ů˰׹ӵķˣݱ죬κѣɰ׹ȥԣֻҪŮ֮£δƣɰȻ
Ͼȷɱ̫檵ɾǻʵóе
صĶҹȴŮϾųϵѹ
ЩѹȫתƵ˰׹Լļͷ
ԼŮˣ
ǵãһҹӵ۾ǳޡ
϶ںϣҲֱ˴ˡ
죬׹ٴһ졣
ɬͬʱȴҲ˵νϢࡣ
죬ӹȻһֱ˵ϢкϢ
һ췢ʵ̫˾ϲ
ΪŮһ֮ҪӣûŮҲʼղ֪ϢǴӺζʲô
һֱ˽죬ڴ򿪡
ԭһ죬׹ӾȷԼһֱȴĶ֣ڵٺ쳾죬һԼվͬһ֮£
ּ٣ΪУ֮ҲԶˣ
ԭԵߺ죬ȴǻȻ򣺡ԭǸʱѾȷˣȴһֱû˵
׹ӵЦЦֱƣó˵Ƽ鵤ѸߡҲŸӵȷȻиڴ
ʱں½ֱʱҶЦ͵ĵҩ
񵤣ԵĶ쵤֮󣬼Ǻ쳾ȶλ棬ڿѰƷҩȻ鵤λЦϣȴƴײһ㣬ƺֻҪ룬õóȫȻûƣƾһ֣벻ͷֻ¶С
ӼȻǸʱѾȷΪûжأҶЦԳȣǲŷּʶ츳֮ˣҲΪһ̰ѣȴָĿռ䣬δֻ»ĸ󻼡૵˵
׹Ӣŵϣ¶һ˿΢Ц˵ûǷ֪жһҪʲô
ʲô
׹ĿԶĿŴ⣬Ļ֦ͷһĨ̺š
жһҪģ
½磬Īǡ׹΢ЦȨϥ
۷ȨȨƣ£߳ƣɱᣬǬ˥ɰܣˣΪȨ
жһȨ
׹侲ƺһػܶ
ǣİĿнλָտɴݵ˵г˼ᶨƵȷš
ȻǺΪ飡׹ӳνߴʤȵλҪֵһ·棬ʼձͬĸ߶ȡһֱ۷塭̫̫ʵֵ
ԽߵߴԽ׳Ϊ¼ҹˣ۷֮խխֻһˣ֮硣ǸʱмȣʹĿɼΨҶ֮ҡʱֲܹȱģŮˣ۷֮Ůˣ
Ȼ۷֮ʱȴİĺΪ飬ֻ˵ɹҲֻһѡΪܹҷģҲֻŮˣȱˣ㲻
׹ӵһˣжȨҲãԼ޷ԭ࣬ôˣǵ۷壬Ҳϵǿߣ
ж㰮ǽɽˣ
׹ȻŶ
صģҵĽɽһӵģҵˣ
Ұ׳׷֮
ԣʹҪΪУҲΪ飬Ҿͻ᲻ϧһдȥػ飡ҵΣǵ˵Σ
Ŀ૵ؽеӡ
һʱǼⷢᣬЩҪ
ڵҪ£ȴصһ㣬Ǿǡ׹Ŀһֵ֣һ㿰ƥУ൱Ķ֣
ĿĶδǵˣδҪһԷȴܹѹˣ
ΨĶ֣һˣһ֮׷󣡡
ΪʲôҪΪֻ㿰ƥУܹγвĶ֣ŻҲΣУŻΪֵѹϸ߸Զλá


347 
ǲԼƲϱİǣ֪ϱܹΪǿߣΪʲôǿԿ۶޷ɵľ棿ǾΪǱ˴˵Ķ֣һǣ˴˶ǶԷ޷ܵĶ֣Զ԰ѵ
Ȼ޷ڽ֮лܶԷôֻܳϵǿԼճɾ𣡡
ϱʼ൱ֲ٣κһһЩֻҲûͬʱɾˣ
ӵĶ֣֮κε׷ҪУ
ҶЦ϶Ķ֡׹ӵ˵Ȼܹƾһ֮ô̵ʱٺ쳾죬ҵȻҪһɳĻᣬʱԴѹƽǾԼδǰ·
Ҳѹһ£ȴҲ֡Ϊϸ߷壬ҵĶҲͲˡҪԼɳ׷ңӵгԽҵĵ̣ΪҵĶ֡
ҶЦıҲʧǾޣĶ֣ҵ˵
׹ӳЦ
Ѿôסˡ
˵뷨Ů⣬ǸҶЦôͳ˹׷Ŀأ
֮ųԳʵӣѵѵ˵쳾죬ȻûĶ֣
׹Цһع鵭Ȼȴǰβ˵
һӡѵǹιӣֵܻᡭУ۵̫ү˵ݺ޵еķ̫ӣǱųΪһ̫ӡĺ̫ӡ⡭ɶǡ
ʲô׹޳üëһȺӵܣʲôʸΪҵĶ֣ۣ
ͬʱȻ
ǰʲôһֱ񲻶Ϊˣ׷ǰ½ﻮ֮£ٹ֮󣬷Ƹ¥Ѹ𣬺γԹΪĿУ˫֮սһһﰵٹĶǣıܣٲơ
ȴ˵桭Լҹӵڡ
ûɣ桭ˡ׹ӳ˵а𼱻ǵѶ൱󵼣ΪõرѶϢʵôȷʵӵ˿ΪҶֵʸ񣬶ǲ飬׷ϡƸо
ѵʵˣͰ͵˵
֮󣬹Ӿ෽֤֤ȷǵõرһ㣬Լ֣˵ֱˣ
ȷǵõһرʵҲóȻѹֵΪΪƱǡ׹ӵ
ǡȴǸͿˡ
ֻ棬ԭǸ档׹ӵ˵رǵĪ⣬Чܾˣһ뱦ϣһһθı䱦˼άԭģܣԭ³çö˼һЩֻЩ仯ǱĬɶѡ
رеܡ
߱˶΢仯
ֱ仯Ĵڣʵ顣һγϰߣԽԽǿ󡣡
棬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôԭеõرˣȴûгֱ仯׹ӵĵֻӰ̫ǳǳҶûоĳ̶ȡȻֶûо仯Ǿ͵ûС
ȻǿˣҲֻ˵ǿˣ˵ȫλǿзֱȴ
֮棬ǸŰĿӷ̫棡׹ӵˣʹΪٸߣսǿ˵ҲвҪŪ£Ҫһѣ
֮һֱûвֶԸ۵ԼԼ֮⣬оǣʱܸһ㶯ǰֶѾĲˣ
׹ЦЦҾ½ʱȻͬѹΪʱұѾԪΪѹһͷʱһ֮ǰ
ΪǸΪѹֵΪȫͷţȻһӾȥʥԪ壬ڱ֮󣬽һǧͻͽڣѾӵ˲صʵ۷ǿ֮ϣݽδֹϢڷٽ״̬֮С
رӳЧܡ
ϸôδؾεǻҵӣδҩ˵̥б㿪ʼһĻиʱԽĽɵ̲㣬ľʧ಻أǶѡ񾡿ܳʱѹΪ磬ӪΪ޾֮Żһ۵һ⿪ΪΪԽߣһγǵľΪԶԶڵǰʵʵ״


348 ɲ
Ҳ巽ʵʵԶʤɢ޵һԭļɣΪʵȫͷΪƽĶ۵ĻĿǰʵˮ׼ʵڲǿ
׹ӵЦ¼λ죬Ϊ̫εʷֻأƿλʳ˥ɰܣľһ߶֮⣬֮һص죬ΪֱʥԪ
⼸ȥǵĽԶԶ档ʵȴԶģۣʵȻҲԲף֮ȴֺǽ⿪Ϊ֮ȴһ·𾳽أݵδнռ䣬ȿǺ쳾بܴﵽ漣
ŮһЦмԺ֮⣬Ҳ޹ֺԺǵĳ츳ͷأίʵһ漣ֻ񼣣
׹ӰȻһ̾ǡ֪ôҶǵĽʵģ
Ůͬʱʧ
Ӹող˵ԼõĽǰδе漣˵⣬⡭ⲻì
벻Ϊʲô˵ǿɻǵõҸ˵½һ⣬ƽ״뱦ɽֶ֮˵𣿡׹ӵ
ͷȻǼǵõģӵȴδϸ˵
׹ӿЦһҲϸ˵ֻǵʱ˵̫е޴ӷˣߵʱܶѾΪ˼ȶʵ˵ֻƽľڵΪѾȶʱ˵Ҳ޷ˣ
Ůɫһˣ빪빫ָ㣡
׹ӺǺһЦ࣬Ҫ˵ʵҲ򵥣ǿ֪ҶЦΪܹڶ̶ʱڣ٣ŲһĹ⾰ͽ
Ů˴˶һۣ治ҶЦǲĵң鵤Ŷ£ھƵƼ鵤ֱУĽ٣õⷽ൱Ĺ
׹ҡҡͷƫˣǣû൱ľۣʹͨΪǸɵ𣿵ƼҩȻҶЦٵ֮һؼȴڴˣ
һ㶣Ȼʵѵ˵ҶЦʲôľΪر¼λ֮٣
׹ٶҡҡͷҶЦǷӵر޴ӶۣӵеľȻرãֻԴĻۣ
Ů۵Ĳ˼飬ȴûٷ׹˵׹ʼС½֮ˡӦ˵½֮˵̫ߣϰ˸߸ϵĸоΪԸдһУԹԵĿ½֮ˣǡ½֮Ҳ½֮˵ƣǵƣʵЩλ֮Ƿȱģ
λ桢мλ¼λĲڸλӵеŨȣŨȾλܴﵽĸ߶ƣȻԽ¼λߣһɹλ棬ڷڶһΪٽʱڣ֮ԻٽʱڣΪλ֮ŨȲ죬ȻʣûУΪʲô½ߣܹɵٽأ
ʵԭҲܼ򵥣ǾǾٷ½ߣһ־쳣֮ˣ˵ľҲԶԶĵǰΪΣңں½ֵΪԣҶЦֻҪкʵɽľĲΪ
ʵǵҲͬں½ʱȻûпĥľȴʼռ֤̫̫˼£ǱĬӵԶߵľһΪһڼʱڽأڽȥһʱٽһȥأȻǵĽ֮൱ʱٲнΪǵĻѾȫľˣ
Ůհ׹һϯ統ͷȣඥβ૵ԭȻ뱦ɽֶأܼݻԵܡ
׹ӹЦѾͷѾӵоһҲԵϵĸ߶ȣػҪôĽ飬ɲ͵Ѿͷ
Ů׹ȡЦʱͷȴһģعʼղΪǷڻۣȴʵأ
׹΢΢һЦδԭͷһתӣڽ⿪Ƿֱ
Դʧôܡ⣬ⲻܰɣ
㾳Ǻ쳾ǿ߷ܴľ磬쳾죬ܹ˾޼һֱָ׹ӿ񲻾
׹΢΢һЦ˹ĵǴʱͷΪֱܷ㾳δ֪ڶڽ𾳶廹аգ


349 رڣ
Ů뻶һ漴ӵء
׹ЦҵĻõرľȫ̻ۣŲ嵽أĽҲɿ٣ȴٲñӲĿ
٣رЧܣԶԶǵ֮ҷӡͻƵЧ
ʱգǳԽ棬Ȼ˵練ƣȴҲǶôѡ
׹ϸ۾Ϸʵɫ˵ۣʹõرԾɲʸҹв
¶Ȼһ
ӵķоݣԼ˵ĽΪ֤ĳ̶˿£
رȴҲ
룬Щϧ˵˵رǱӵõĻ
ⱾһõĻ׹֮ͻȻ˼֮Уƺ֮ʲôһ˼ӡ
ǵõرֻ֮֮ȫͷҷӡͻ֮ҷǵ㾳ܹȥ븸ʲԶλãڴ壡
ԺȻʧɫ
ǽرЧӦڹϣȥ붫۲ԶĲΣ
һεȿֲ룡
ȴֺƲء׹ü˼رܣӦòֹڴ˲ǡҵǵõҵرعƣҲõ㼫ɣء
룬ͻȻ͵վȻʧѵҵռõģѪҡǳǼرһѵһرررϢ
һ̣׹ȵĿϣէһĨɷס
״һŴ۾Ű׹ӣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôˡ
׹վⲽ˼Ȧӣдʣãͣ½Ų̧ͷ죬ֹãȴǵͷڤ˼롣
ˡԣ
׹ӳ˼
ҹȻҪһ㡣Ѿ뿪쳾켸£
׹һԼĶͷ
ǧ㣬ȴ׷֣Լ򵥿λãä㣬ԼȻ©էȻ©ð׹͵һ¡
̫ңоֹͬͣһ㡣
֮ڽһЦ
أǰǰûһ꣬Ҳٵмǧꣻҡǳرʱ䣬ȴûôʱ˵õرһҡǼر
ôԣ
ôԣ
׹Ȼּеİɫ漴Ժ֮ɫӿϡ
ǡʱΪʲôͻȻû˸ӦǸʱ㣬رڵģһֱڵģ
԰ǰյ룬ԾתƣƸ꣬Ѫ˥쳾˾֮лطҷӡͻơټϡرֺֻ㶥壿
ɱ˷ƾת귭ƵˣѪ˥˵˼һС۶ת֮ȴֻð
һ룬Ǽҡرȴȥ˺ηںУ
׹ӻⲽ
ѵͻȻһĿľ⣬˵Ŵĳһ
ǽһ
үڿŵ򡭡ֱͨ޽

׹Ӿ˼һҹ
ҲڶԾ˱ȴ֪᲻ոھ֮أζԾ֮ЩܹۣǲҴǣԴ˴ζԾΪ֤
׹˼˿ɲѪ˿Ѫ˿óȻڰ׹Уȴ˳ĲͬѰ
ֻ֮૵˵仰ٴιڳĬöû˵

޽С
ҶЦǱΪͻȻУĪһ漴
磡磡ҶЦƵ硣
ĳӣʶ˭ң
Ȼĳ֪Լ˵٣˵ö࣬߶ľģ
ҶЦľƣǿ±룬Ա⿴ȥãһƬؼһƮƮѩڱ˲񷣬Ǭ
ĿѾһƬס
ĶëѩȫȻûκμƵ£ʹ߱ѾӰ
ҶЦŲ߳⣬ųصĴѩһʱ侹ȻΣ૵ԭѩˡ
˼Ʈ֮䣬ѾƮңԶı
Զı
ļѩƵı
һİӰǳ
嫺ľӦ
ڵ
ƬƬѩıϣǡǾΥᡣ


350 죡
ѩᡣ
µ˼ҶЦУƺһص
䣡
ҶЦһͻȻԲǧؽ֮ڣƮѩ·ܵ˸Ӧʱֱϳ죡
ƵıԭҶЦܵĺѩʧӰ١
ֵĵϣȻһƬƬ̵ССѿ֣ӭҡҷĸж
Сѿѿ״ֻ̬άƬ̣㼴ʼ׳ɳߣ֦չҶ裻һۿɼٶȣ֦ϽιֳٹƬ̣š
һƬ˷ҷ˷Բ֮ء
ĿΪһƬѩԭ֮һƬѤ޾
ϴѩƮɣڸ߿պХʾһ϶ڵĵɷ˼䡣
ȻڵϣҶЦΪԭ㣬ȴһƬůȻ
ּ˷ȴγһ޵С
ҶЦվԭأ泯죬۾
һ
ڸղţظоԼһصȻӿԭԼüȻ飬ͣ
񹦣
һεõͻƣ
һֱҶЦΪȻڷͻһһнλսҲϵĿǰѾ˳졣
ҶЦĽɾˣ񹦷ȴʼûж
ԾֻǾھ֮ʣطãĲ㳲𣬸ûκͻƵףö֮ҶЦϰΪ
ò˵ϰʱǼܿµ飬ҶЦȻÿս֮ʱҪ̾ԼΪǳ֮׵ϼж޷أ˵һҪͻ񹦵㣬ͻ޹֮£Ȼ־ṦԱħ񹦵ͻƣʵ̫ãͷ޴֣ȻҲΪ
ڽ죬ĳӿ֮ʣԼ֪ȫȻûʶǰôһ£ƿȻôĪƳˡ
񹦵Ĳ㣬ķΧ£ˣ
񹦵ĲĿһɫĽ⣬Ĵѩ֮ϵ޾߿գңԶĶٷǿƽ뵽ҶЦ֮С
ҶЦ˼ʵȴһƬޱȡ
ܸܵɫĽ⵽Լ壬뾭뵤֫ٺ澭
һɫģȻǰ֡
ǧ˭ǺӼԪɳΪ죡
أ죡
ϽɫطҶЦǰ֣һȦ漴㻯һµĿھһϹ⣬Ȼ뵽ҶЦԺ֮С
ĲҪּڣһԻ֮Ϊ飡
ѹԹȻӢΪգ᳦ķ춨עһء
ҶЦ۾һϸ»õķ
մѩƮɣٻʢ֣Ļܿˣְˣ֦Ȼӣڵϣѿһһ׳
ҶЦһվ£һûж
ˣƺѾ˵ƺ꣬ľȫһ硭
ֻ壬˶ѡ
ƣƳֻ˶ΪѾˡ
ͨ˵Ŀһһվ£϶ǲģһչĪ˵£ʮʮٰʮ궼ǵ£϶ҶЦ˼Ǵڶ״̬֮УǻԵԵ϶ϵϽκ˶ҶЦĶ
ʵҶЦǰ״̬жƫģҶЦǰ״̬ίʵǶ򣬶ǡƹأ
޾ռ֮ڡ
һγ쵣ĵؿ˿棬漴پſ½Сӣֳ⡣
Ĳ⵹ΪҶЦĶ״ָ̬
ڶǰ֮һγ˲ֵ궯ǳֳ΢΢͸ƺСȲҪƿǶ
ۺӣȴһצӿﵰ棬һŨȫﵰ
֣ﵰٱü羫֣ӯϷգּƿǶСһҲʱʵ
ѾֹһΣϽΣѾǵھŴˡ
ǰδǶڡƷƷƾĴ㣬ÿζΪӸһЩ챾Դ֮ȵǳʱ򣬻ǿ󣬸Ǳ̣δߵøԶ
ںļΣȴΪҶЦͻȻּ̬ıࡣ
͵ǰ˵СһǱھ˶෬ǿ֮Ѿӵƽĺ˰ٱϵǱ̣
ĳ̶㹻Զ۹⣬ҲκëˣֻҶЦۼ֤Сһĵһʱ䣬жѪˣΪСһˣǹԲ
ȴû뵽ҶЦȻʱͻΪؼһ㣡
ȴǱҸʤ


351 
ȻҶЦͻƿ֮£κҲҪòԶһһεǿѹ˫ѵĵʱ̡
ľɻɻ󲻽⡣
Լ񹦵˽⣬ôȫȻûκβҶЦͻأ񹦵أֱͻƵһֱĲ㣬ֱѹأ
һ㣬ȫȻ¶
Ӳ֪ҶЦⷬʵȴΪǰһȥûɳеʵĿĶɵĺ
ҶЦǰ߳Уһ·ߣṳ̆޽ɱ񣬷߱𣬵춯صƣȻҶЦƵǰеʵĿģʵֻһǴ´ԼԼ֣¶ȷԼн·˷Լˣѣ£ֵܣԼŮǰѰԼ
ҶЦôðķմһ·̹;յĽԾɲԲٶҶЦԲǺ⡣
Ŀֻ꣬һ롣
򸾼棬˪žۣҶЦȻȸԾԾɸоȱ
ΪӦû
ҹҶЦԤ֮СӦΪʲôû
Լ֮ǰǰƣǵ޽˽֪ͣһ֮ͤ鱨֯ҲὫ㾢Ϣ쫷һٶ´
֮ӦֻҪϣһԵ֪
ֻҪ֪һǰѰԼ
ǽգͬ޽󱾲·ߣҶЦѾ״ͨɨƽ
ΪʲôٳٶûоӦϢ
ȥ
¾ҶЦлת־һʱ䣬ӦȴûԾӦΪȵĻôҲԪƷˮ׼
ΪнʱĿ϶㹻κεطϵ
˾û
ҶЦеĽĪ
һӦ䣬ƽˣҲû
ȻҶЦһٸԼûϢҲͬǺϢҲǶڱչˣ˶Լ㣬ƾƣñչؾһ·߸ͽһǧģÿÿһ뵽ЩˣҶЦ±ᡣ
ͻƮѩǡǣҶЦ˼Ӧ˿ؾӦһУӦദÿһĻһһδǰǰۣʡ
һ̣ɶƵ˼ʹ˵٣ΪٵƿһٳأԵģȴҲ˹ҶЦأ

ҶЦҪƣ̤񹦵ĵĲ㣬ܳأҶЦմһҲٲ˿
ȴҪôƣ
Թص˶಻ʤܶȹȴ޼ȻЩȹصģȴҲһ׵Ĵ𰸣Ϊ֮ȣ˶죬˵أʩЧ򭶼㲻ϣֻԱУ
ôҶЦܹ˳ƹ

վſڣҶЦ׼ȷ˵ӦעҶЦߵĻ䣬޾𣬵ͬڹһϵֻ磬гԵĽ
ҶЦصõĵ죬ιĻ״̬ȻҲõԲĻ֮ǰǿ֣ˣҶЦҲڿһ˻ͳӶǿ൱̶ȵıϡ
ΪڴˣŻһǱһ塣ȴû뵽һ⣬ѩתȻת˸ء
ۿ޾ҶЦܶʼתԼеĹԱȿãȴһ̾
ԼǱҪǰҶЦӣ˿ȴάֻĻлֻء
Ҳġ
ҶЦ㣬˵ǻĵ߾硣
ǻܹľ磬һʵɱһĸ߶ȡ
ĹǧܹҹֻҪ֮صһ֮ڻлݴڣӵܹսȻܹҶЦ㣬֮ݱź㶨ѭͬ޵еĴڣ⻯ɱʱ֮䣬Ȼֻ֮⣬޵С
ϧҶЦ㣬ҲԶֻܽȫһ̾컯Ūˣ
£ٴδٳսѾγһ̬ƣսֻڼ档
üëʱ
ҶЦ棬ƿɲ˿ͣϢ
ԽԽҡ
Ǿһ˹Ĵ֮һԼ˲£˹߲ŭ
ʱʼǴս
ǹգ˴ͬʱñľֻ֧ܲԮ


352 ȫս
Ǻãţãÿʮ֮ڼԮԷľҲ֮ԽԽǿս˫൱״
ȻҶЦҩӳ֣ҲҩУһսĻҩҲҪͽκΡʶҶҽҩЧܵĹ߲㣬β£潻֮ʱҪôɱУɱһȡ˵ֶΣһ⵱ɱĻᡣ
ڸɶǡܡ֪һþѣʹʲôҲãһһҹ֮䣬Ѫ
Ĵһ棬Ǿ߼ˣɱõνزң޹⣬ֻһҹ֮䣬ͳɱ۾޽Բؽ磬˴۵ս
ÿһ죬Ϊսɽĺ֣Ȼһս֮󣬸ողųֵĺָʧòٱظɽ
ǰʮʱ׶˴ʮΣÿһζƴأ鵤֮ƴĳȥ
ֻҪԼߵֵˣɱ׶ͻ˷ŭĿߣȫȻĳȥˣɣЪ˹̶ȶ˵ĺš
׶ΪԭһΪʮ֮еײ
Ȼʱսȴò۵оϿλ
ܹΪԼֵƴֵӵ
Ϊڴˣ׶ˣ᧿Σоƴȣ໤ʹһרŲɱ׶죬һλȴԸȽ׶֣ۿˣƫƫоǿͻ룬ԼҪҲҪľȻ׶죬׶һλظ֮Ծǰһ㣬ľˣɱУֲ֣ΣֽȴֱƴȻأγ˶ѭ֣һ׶ʶ⣬ֵͷۣһֵĶģ
ҶЦ֮кּѾչֵĹģһսĸڵ֣Ȼһǧˣ
ҶЦľ鵤ȻĿƣҲо±о鵤ܹӵö鵤ģ־õĵϵԱǴ˿ҴսЩˡ
Щ֣ÿһʵ׵ĸ߽ߣһҲʥԪϵΪ鵤Ϊսǿ͵ľˣԽսԽǿҰԽսԽǷ񡣶ĹսҲͬ
˴ζϾãǰǰѾӽʧ֮ѾԷԱĨ˾ųɾţһС飬ȴǳٳòԳʤ֡
ڣڳ˶սˡ
һΣλˡ
ˣˣͬʱݰսͬʱѹģʧõĻ֮
ͬʱǵǿѹϣȫԱسѹι̵״̬ͬʱԮźš
սнһ˫ɷսսܲ񣬸ϸսͬʱĴãҲӸԵͬսԮ
УһֱδǰĴãҲȻ˺ڰ֮С
һַʽⳡս
սĿǰսĲҡ
ֻŸ߶սս״֮ǰôأȷ˾һս߾Ǹ߽ߣȻҲǲΪǳĵͽ߲սͬԸ߽ӭս˫ͬԸ߽߶սȻͬŲƵȴ
˫һԴ˱ʾԸϾκһ߽߶ǲƸʹʧѰڣҲԸһ߽䣬սһֺĽ״̬֮С
˫ÿһÿһʱÿһ̶ս߶֮äĿսԼߺܶĴսҲɱԷ֣һʧݣԷҲдڳ«ҲдԶ֮ʱʹֳһֲ£˭Ҳռ˱˵״
ֶսģʽһʵռƵģ߽߶սƴܾľ棬ٳ𣬶˫˫ܴΪɾһд鵤֣˵£սԽ־ֻԾԽ
ƫƫʱ򣬾֮ҶȻĶ״ֻ̬ôվţһչأ£
ײڣн֮£ȴɽԷȹǵӦսˡԤϣϾԷǰԶԶǾȫսȴǾ߳ϵ


353 ֹ
ܲߣԾ࣬򻤷ҶЦָѡ䵽ͷϡ
ҶЦˣվէŷ
ǰͻ˳ԳһʵȺսλнķݿɶƽ֣ݵսȴϹ˵۾
Ҫ֪ηǾ¹ϵŮӵһ֣һʵʼոɷнƽй֮Ŀǰ鳤Ʒ֮˵ʵˣŲոͻƳ֮ƽ֣սǿɾɲһʱͷ
šķͷȻǷͷиߣ˪ãĿǰΪʥԪƷ֮֮ʱҲн֮ȴսȴͬϹ˵۾һȻ볤ߴƽ֣ҲѷɫԷ״ɾ̫ˣ˵죬ֻ㣬ƣⶼԳ״û˵ʲô˿ƾʥԪƷΪӲ߶·磬ɳʱ״̬ҲϬ̫̬ˣ
ϧҶЦ˼֮УǵٸпһԭߣΪ٣ʵսҲԶǿ֪࣬ˣ治̫Ϊ䡢ƽ˵ģʱ䵣ǣ絣׼ֵĿɣ
ţǣڿ˪õʵս;ˣȿ䡢ƽ컹ǵսŻǵ
ֽ׶Σ˪Эָž˵ȣˣ
һִ꣬ãϸս
ܹнĿģҲϿнǵ൱ķԣʱȻÿһ춼ڷٽУʼ޽һɣ̵˵ۺ
нǲȫſಫͬǷ˼Ƶķ棬ͬԼ̣֮Ӧ֮ʱ佩֮󣬹ǿ֣ս֮һһռԷɲнҳһռϷֽϷ֮ȹ̣ȡһڸսߣѹս֣ʹս
ĿǰսֶԾΪ
нΪսƽĽˣѾӲӮ˲ӮӮˣԽԽ
ľսôǱذɣ
ɳһ֧ԮּϣвսŤתս֣Ӹʱ䡣
һϮµãעԾһҶЦü֮䣬޾ƣ
ϣսǱߣҪԳˡ̾˿
ͷ׵ģҪҼ̶𣿣
ͷ
һֱûгͻΪŵƲܶãǶڹ˵ܵƣʯ쾪˲ʱдսЧ
ɲΪһûвǿ򣬳ʹǿߣԾɲΪƾ
ֻĲǿߣκҲǵս֣ײҲʧ𣬾߲ԷҲһֱͬȼǿߣȴһ߳ˣǱҲԶʵʩԴ
᲻ɴݣ˶֪ĹʶȥսȫͬˡҲǹһֱսڰǧ֮ĸԭڣ
Ȼù˼˸ĴۣǣֻҪܽȫã𣬶Ǿֵõ飡
Թԣ¾ǵǰĵһҪκ鶼Ҫò
˾ǹһܲڣ
ǹιµָʾ
ڣڹɽһĹ֮£ƱزܷѾӵսãҪԮȣʹ֪˵ͼ㣬ɱԱֹֻʣȴǲòΪ
壬ȴò
Ϸǰս㲻ɣһ˵ףһսԲֹۡһ뿪֮ҪʱǴ󲿶ӿ򲻹κ㶼ÿܲƣ򡭡Ǿֻ¾ˡ
ҧ촽ͷס
˿ֹҶЦһ˿Եļ
ҶЦĻҵ˵ʲôҲܻٵ
˼Ҳ̲ס˿ڴѩ֮еҶЦε̾˿
ʵ˻ʱ˵ڽ죬ǾЩǿߺʹ൱ңԶľ롣ʱɫĻڶߣת֮䣬Ѿ


354 Σʱ
òΪ֮һ̾ʱһЩΪȻĳԾûнϷԴ£ֻǽײ𾳣̬ʧ⡭ЦһǾûбչأƾžûĪֶΣһսδؾͻ䡭
˵ǳ̾һ
Ҫ˵̬ʧ⣬ֺֹǳһˣʱгԱʵһһǧľٶȣͻͽǱʲõģҲǽ١
ҶЦַ֮ȥ˼¡
£жһҺǿҺˣܵô˻ԵĸоԼߵĻ飬죬Ҳûʲôֵ÷еˡ
Ȼ˶֪ףָоֻһִַķΧ֮Уָоȴǻ֮ȥ
˼ʣҶЦͷǰںʵȻǰ˶ʵˡʶڵʵԾɻǲٸֵһᡭ
ʱҶЦڣ״̬УδزӦδػ·硣
Ǿ£ҶЦľģ
ȻеäĿݵɣССΪҲߵľˣĻı˳ᢾͶأʹǷ쳾죬Ҳ޳ҵģ
Ȼôɡ
ڴսǰϦҶЦȻôͻأȫ׵ؽ˹ıչ״̬֮У
ôһΣԲ£
һʼԹʱ˻˱չأܳˣʵչؼҲ£ǾʵӦˣ
ȴû뵽ʵôпᡭһչһһʶԷǿ󣬴ʼӮȴӮ̫ƾ൱ٵ֮ȫƣԼֽ׶εļɽʱҶЦûгأ
ʱƣίʵѾȥ൱Σĵز
Σ൱زֺڽսϤɳ
ǰǶĶ˶Է֣Էɵ֣ݽ֣ڻ治֪ôĽ
ҪǣѾڿˣ׿ˡ
˻ܲ˪º֮⣬֣ѾϸսԮˣ
ҶЦڵĻὫԼĵôȫıֳ
ʱôĴɣƫƫôʱ¡
ûٶ˵ʲô˻һ⣬ʧʡ
һǰģлõһڲ¡
ǵĿųȥķԡ
ڵľһճǣֻʣԼ˪ºĻСҶЦ
ҶЦΪͻƣھųɾžϵʱ㣬ӹɵ¡
Ȼ΢ʱ㣬ȴǡǼеĲʱˡ
ʱ˶ھ˵ʵ̫ˣҲ̫ùˡ
κ˶˵ʲôֻ̾Ϣ
ҶЦͻ֮ǰʲô鶼ûзȵǸ֮ܵ󣬾߲㻹ΪҶЦͻƸеĵʱⳡͻأرˡ
鲢ǹĲƣľֻһɺϣȻɺϣȻʵ̫ҸǾ⧲һߵĹȴֺγǴֲ
ڵҶЦ׵׵⣻˵ʶȫڱ֮Уǿлѣôֻһ߻ħĽ֣
һ㣬ߵɻ䣬˭Ҳġ

ǰԾɲֻصĻ䣬ſѾµıѩٿԶĽѩѾҳǶһĺȣһʱ䣬ֻ顣
¡֮󣬲ų˵
ȻҡͷҲȥսǱߵģ֮ǰӦˣΣҲҪеֵ
˸ҵڶôҾҪҵػһִľػںˡܼʱҪǰȫ
սƣҶȻֵù֮¡ҶԾ˵ĳŵȴǲΥ
ҶЦ֮ǰ֣ؽһʲôΣգҪ񣬾Ǳ˪ºİȫһжҪ
ղڣҪûҲսǱ֧Ԯ
ԥľܾˡ
ԷѾȫ׼ԼȻǰȥԲһһҲǵ£ôڴֲ޸壬˳ȻԼȴܹ޵ķ˵ļ˰ȫ
һֱԼʩչ򻨵һеʱ򣬻ȷţڴ֮ǰһġ
ԼԾ˵ĳŵ
壬޻ڣ



355 ;ĩ·
þõغҶЦߣвס̾Ϣӡ㵽ʲôʱ
ѩС
磬ȻûзѾվµҶЦƤƺ˶

һߣѪ죡
׶һ߳ӲϵģɫɷףǲϵѪߣģҲһǱ϶һϢ
󣬸ʮ£ҲǱˣеĸɴġ
ղŵһĽսúƾŵ񵤵Ŀٻָ֮ǽһǧ˾նɱˡ
ǣеһǧ˰٣е񵤵ļӳ֣ԼñͲ֣Ծɳ׵ĴУҪǣͷϵһ񵤣Ҳ
ҶЦǰȻĿ൱ٵĵΪʴ֮ãڴս½׶ΣǶԷսͷԶȼʤĵǰٶĵҲġ
Ҳ˵ڿʼһҲû˱ҩ֮ǰ㿰Ϊʱһʩչ˫ʻعԶԷŭǳһĹƣһ𣬵ȴԼ˵ģֻһ;
ҲشԵؿ׶ϣл㱣Ѫ
ʹ죡׶кᣬŸԼߵ£Ȧһ֮࣬ȴͻȻͷЦֵǣ˵ﻰ׶ԭֻԪΪһֱ޽ԾҲǱϲ࣬˵֣ҶǾһ㣬˵սĻҲҪ˱ᣬΨɱ֮أǲģûʱ͸Ҹɱģ˵ûУ
׶ĻҴĺǶǹЦЩƹصģЦڸ³ѪЦȴûֹ̬ͣ
̧ˣǵҲ޽֮еĸ߼СϺף߽߲ǣǻԻڷԣŬҪи߽ߴǣö֣һĭǣһԶǣǸ߸ϵĹ󣬹
׶ЦƵ磺ʱǿһ쾹Ȼܹ潻սռϷ磿еж̴棿
Ȼζĺ¡һЦ
Ѿˣ׶һХǰζ飬ֵǣ㲻㣿
㣡Ĵһ
׶Ц᣺ǲñ˵ˣ׶һ֮У£Ը㣬޺
£Ǿ˴裡׶һԲ׶죬ԸΪս޻ڣ
ҵԸΪս޻ڣ
£رһȻ˽Ƴأ㲻ȣһ̱ƣȴǧ쳾Ϊ֮ļ£
һ־ɱ޿ƥе
һӣԺүүݣ漴ĿȻȵӢۣѵþı˲ɣ˭Իϵе
սԸˣΪս˭Իϵе˻ߣϣһƬտȻ

ȫԱϢսһ֮࣬ȴ͵ڵϡ
Ȼ磬ʵѾ;ƿݡ
ʱĴ˼ѾսҴҲ״ֻ̬ȵһԼЩˣ͵ýȫ

Ǿˣ
ŹĺҲǾ
Ϊ
ֻսľûͶľ
˿⼸ľ֣Ҳǵıˣͬ˺ۡ
ţûŵġ
һ


ʮˣ

ûˡ
ţ֮ǰѾŵˣڣȻֻʣ¾ʮ˸ˣһ˶ˣ
Ҳζţţô֮ıԱҲࡣ
⼸õҲ࣬΢ǿһЩģҴҲ˶ѡ
Ȼ˶ˣ˶ǻԡѪˣǵߣȴ˿ûеԵƣû־ķΧ
һƬ磡
ܹ¶̵ĵزپȴȻĹ˿ٷ졭֮ܣȻܣ
£ֻʱգֺγ²ɣƣ£ǰľҴֵܣһƬźЩܹҲǿ֮Уֻϧûʱˣһ㴭ϢĻᶼûС
һߡ
սȫԱۼΧһ
⼸ͬ¥ѪۣͬشƣߡȴʼûзֿϢʱҲϸոԼȶķλ
ĿԾ񣬵ȴԼֵǶѾûˡһʱ򣬾Ҫþ˴ڵһ̱Ǯˡ
Ǳѣ


356 
ǿһУ߶еķȴΪۡȻѾز߸Уûκԥ
ܹ¡޽ʵĹܾ˵ĵزʲôźģǿ쳾춼ܺߵĳ
ųۻļ֮⣬ǹǿˡ

һֱڰǼãǵ״ҲÿڸãʱεֶΣڰ飬ڣҲѾҪݻٴˡ
ֶζôЧֶôķΣôƵĳϣôûзô᲻跨ǼֵܣͬһĿġ˽ǵľϡ
λҪǵģѾǡѡֵһɱʣǡ֮Ժ޾ĸȥ
ǾˣǾĹĻᣬǾĲͷ
ս

ɷ֮ϢţüְԼҶϵȣð亹Ľָ֮״Ȼһľ
Ƕλַɷ֮ѾþûùˣԵɼףݷѣӸҶЦʼΪһ鵤ҩʹûϹġСˡĸ鵤˹Ϣһ£Ͼͺã統ǰతȥζѾûƷˣǴ˼ʡĪ˵ҩѸ㻹ҩҲҪȽƸصͬãԼ㡰Сˡҧȥɣ
ֻǣСС
ɷ֮Ķͷϣƶĺ£ɷףȴһԡ
СˣСȻǲܿģ
һսǸɾʵ֮ˡɷ֮ȴЦֵܣ
һߵİһϢӶˣ־ҲˣԺ˵ǰֻ֮ϧֻϧԾδܱ˴ʹһغЩһĶԹһδк
ɷ֮ԵʱһĬ̾˿ǲȥڤ磬ҲΪ˾ս£Ϊ´ǰվ
˼㱵ĿЦҲСǸ硭
ǰһ󷢺ڣЩֲסˣϺڡǵú;˵ҰǾ˵ˣ־壡
ɷ֮ҲǾ˵ˣ־壬ƣ
˵仰ȴȻûŬۿȥȴѾ˹ȥ

֮Ӫ֮С
ҧгݣϾһƬҰེŵɫ
ԭԭ񻽿Сˣ˿ѾȫӣƵѪζŮ֬ȫѹȥ
ǼԳ©£ǵǹ룬ˮ֣ǳʥԪƷǿ߳ȫҲԺ©£˿ȻһɫĲ
ĳս׾Ȼ֮ǰһս֮У״ϡ飬ղһսս֮ҿɼһߣ
ֻϵ˺ۣͬĴĿģģѾ÷ˣҲѳһιǲ磬ɭɭһͷƤ顣
Ȼԭγɫƣ״̬ΧҲް־ޣΨĿҲ̶ã
ҽʦսսæͣöûϡ
أ㻹ΣǺֱӻԲѵһലϣڻ֮УȴϷһʹ
ǰһսǿƳ벽нĶ飬ɱһԴнʩڷֵ߾С衱Բ֮ƣڲЭ£ش˺ˡ
ͬʱ෢һļгǧ˳׻ǻ֮ͻȻ֣˿ֻ̣˿ȻϤɥڳ£
Ż֮ĵ˹λǿߣʱòײȡһƣУǳҲѾǲǿߣʶʶǵ߿ɱȣǿߵǺϹ֮£
һ󣡡ȫǳޣȴһ˵֪֮У޽Ȼ˾Уˣ
µĵطʵ
ÿһ˶Ĺη
ÿһˣ
һ㣬ǽΪҲΪĵط
˵ԭսкηòҽҩѸٸԭŹıԣ˴ǵսºڣһҩȻѾ̲棬㲻ȫҲý߽⣬Ǿ棬ûгӦֵ̬Ծɱֲϧ״̬ս̾ǹ߾ս֮ˣȴҲܹս־ᴩսʼ˵Ķ֣ȻȻҲԶֱʾ壡
˵۽ɷǵпɱȣ֪УȻµĽҲδܹȫԱÿһĵȫȻäĿĵزƫƫһССˣ


357 ʱ
ýƵǡ񵱳ԹؼһҶҾһ㣬ҲԾɳԵףԾսУѶ´ﰵţǱ߷ɣûһӦģ˱˶֪ļԵףûзɣȴΪ˾ں͹ս
ԵףԵ׶ܱӣ
ӵ飬ʵ̫ˣ
ҪԵҵеף㶼ˣôԵ׵أ
ôΨһ;ǣЩԵףԵףǼͶϱͶˣ
ȻĵĲ⣬ǽȴһ飬ǾǣԲܼȥ
ʵľŽᣬҳϣһٶһ㴭ϢĻᣬôؽµıʡǿ󡭡ҲδػǾĶ֣
ĸ֮
Ҫ֮ٸԷκһ㴭Ϣأ
ȫԱ죡Ȼģȴֻ˾ָսԺȫԱ׸֣
ʱͲ̵֮ڶѾɽˮĵزԮ֣ٻҪһҹʱܸϵǰ֮ǿн߿Ը󣬵ﻹսֵܣʱջģԲᳬ֮Աԡ̫ˣʧ̫ˣòʧ֮
ҧĿ˵ĺ⣬ϻѵ֪ҹζĵ
ҹζ࣬Ҳôɡ֮ЦҪսԼԱ֤ͺȴǱɡа˴ˣĴսǸųɾŶҪȥ⣡
˵ҲˣǼһ¡үǱָΡǿɶǹүֲҵĸⲻǹּ𡣡֮˵
ɫһ£û˵ã̾˿

Ƹ¥
ž
׹Ӵʧ̬һϣŭҶЦô£Ҷڴ֮ΪƽУôὫһ̴ģʲô״
׹üͷԾеսô鵤ҩôὫսִزɵǱ߿ж룬Ҳò¸˵ֶΣôȫȻӲƴӲսķʽȫȻûԲԵá˸ûЩֶ֮⣬ģӲƴô˲ǵսԣ
һ߳Ĭţ˵ǰҶЦָսأ
ǵģҲָоһս֮Уȫλں½빫ӶǶµЦӰӡ
׹ü״ô˵ûҪһսǾ˵һսҶЦʲôɲָӣҶѾȥսõĵزȻֹ԰أ
ͬʱȻӦ
ǵģίʵҪͬʱ⡣
˴սһʼҶЦָӣѾȵزҶЦٲԼȫȻǲģڴ֮ǰ֮ǰҶЦӦóˣսָͲ˹
ƫƫսȴôչȥȥ
ǰ׹ǻ纣Ųߣ˿̶ȫҲǰ˼⣡
֪һ⣬⵽ǳʲôطأ
ѲɡҶЦѾˣ
׹૵˵
˿һۣ׷׺Ȼ
룬ʵ̫󵨣ķǳ˼·ƺ൱ϵʱΧǡҶЦˣһҶЦģԾĻɢϾһģһִ̫ĸˣĻ𣿣
ɣʲôأ

ƵէȻɢѪ
һҹ˫ٻָһЩսʹγأ˫ҪսʥԪϲεߣһָԶʤѰߣɽ紵ɢɽĳһͦεӰŻȻɺԵѪŬվ
һ۾޽֮⣬ҳǵķ
Ŀγ
ûб飬˶ڿǸ
ˣ
߽֮Ҳܸһ𲢼սˣ

ӲݴվһȻۼһ¶ˮ˼ڣȻֽԼϴϴ
ϴĵڣȴ۵˼ѪЩ㲻ȣˤڵء
૵˵һս֮󣬾ҪȥϱˣǰϴɾһЩʱϲˡ

Уһ⴫ţȴһļž
֮󣬶ȻֹͣٻЦһԲǧȻһֻжĳӶûˡ̾˿ʼת


358 ϣ
еĶ񹦣ȻǶµľΪǳҲδ֮ʱһֱתͬҪȥ˱ĵزڼš
һսһսˡ
ֻϧ˾һ⣬ֳ徵Ķ񹦣ûеȵ쳾һ졭
һķȻңԶĵط
һȻӵɱơ
ԶһȻ

ǻ֮
Զƣʼڣ˷Ƿӿ
Ȼ⡮֣ѾǶԹµͬʱҲ˾˾һЧ
֣ܶĲܶģööģһֱ̣ͦӡ
У˿ĵųɥȵĻ⡣
ɣ
ϧһս
ˣȫվͦš
ˣԾ
಻裡
Ǿ˵ģ
һִеĻᣬ

Զޱɱ˷ΧƣƬǧ﷽ԲĴ֮ϣûа©
ȻԷѾ˾ÿ˵·
棬Ψ·
ԮѾҵģԭ鱨֮еһǧˣǣˣ
Χ˾ǧб
˫֮ƣѾɱ·
ԷǰٶȲ죬ǺģȴԽԽǿʢ
ȻԷƽٶǹΪҪηŴߵӰ
һХһų⣬Ȼɽ

ڣ
ǳڴѯգλֵܣ˭ԸҲս
ң
ң
ң

ˣȫͬʱͦߺ˵ǿ߼΢΢СҲãȴ˿Ƿݶģױȣ
ЦԵÿ
ǡʱԶһĮңң벻ͷ㣬Ȼ˵ĺ죬ǲɫ֮һͷȻѾˣվǲСͳݺǸɣ
Į֮У޾ļͷ̡
һЦȻ£
һ仰ֻܹĸ֣ȻЦЦó졣
һ䣬£
һ仰ʱԷµƿԣ
ûˣˣʵȴָ£
ڴ˶ԱҵˣҶԱҵֵս£
ɱԲҳһ𣿣Ҫͷڹ𣿡
ЦĸУҳǺε˵˲㣬ôһ仰ͽҳ𼤳ȥսδ̫˰ɣҳչȻûŻȥҲû㶷ҽ񣬾ǾɱǹӣɱһҾԲֻɱǧţ
棬ɱʱ򣬳һʱ㵥治֪вΪв
ܻɱҵˣѵҾûɱˣƾݾȻ˵Ȼ֪ܣԸʶ䣡
ЦвҵֵܣɱɱǣǶƴס㣬ҴᣬҶɱǵˣڿԼģ֮ã
ֵһЦ֮ãûͷûԵ˵ֵԣүүǻ᲻Ầ£˭
˵ȻʧȻɱȴԽԽŨء
Է֪ѾǵͼıڣȻѾΪ֮ӣȻעԼҲǹм
ǳƴһУƴ۵Щ˳֣ôλµĳ֮ǰԼһˣôҲǧΪ֮ᡣ
շֻأķʽԱô֣һӡ
ԭĴ㣬ǽȥϼ֮Χһض򣬱ʱԱ֣ǿзռ䣬㼺˲ˣȴ֮Σ̫ص
ȴû뵽һֱĳȻϵֱ˵˵˻ԼѰߣⲻǽķǹּ
ȻˣЩһһȫȥɣ˳Ĭһ£漴˵仰Ȼһӡ
ĴͻȻӿнٶȡ
ƲȻֿȻս
˫ָ󣬴ݵеĵˣɫȻ龡һƬѡ
ֵǣ̱Ļˣ˭ܶһ㱾Ǯʧʧ˾Ͳˣ
һȴǵ˵¡
Գһ仰֮ʱɽХȺӦ
ɱ
ɱһɱ׬һֵǣ¿ɵñȱ˭׬࡭
˭Ӷģܵظֶע
Ӹģ˭˾͵ýи磡
Ҳģһ
ңҲģ϶ӵģ
һӣŻ˺ۣȻڣֱ
ƲУһĿĮˣһ֣׼
棬
ϣ
ļ⣬׼漸ƶľˡ
һ£뷢

쳾Ⱥսĵһɱ


359 
䱸мʸˢˢһּ굱£ľڣȴҴ漸ˣ
Ȼʱһ䵭էȻն
һէ죬ͻȻһ׹⣬һֱ绹ҪٱľٶȣУ֮УѸٻһȦ
ǵ׹ٶίʵˣɱȴ޴ӶۣΪйһѪû
ǣűııġһƽܹһ춯֮һƬ
УԭѾϵҲܳУΪеĹңȻնϣ
Щ˹ļʸʱʧȥ˷ϵҷɣвټʸֱԼϡ
ǧʱһƬǱ
Ըˣ˼ԼϣͬغգѪȲʹ
ͬʱһƣջû˲ʱʡ
ϣѩѪӵŢ棬ȻðһƬƬʻҷҡҷ޾
˵ʱʱ죬һӰԶһӶٶȻ쵽˼㣬ȴǳŵζϳ˵Į֮⣬ûκα飬Ψ֮Уȴӯŭ
ԷΪ׵Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˵ֻһƬ
ҶЦ
ôˣ
һֱûսȴôؼʱ̣ƫƫͳˣ
ҶЦΪϣһףڱһֲ̳Ϊ棬ֻΪ£˼ҶЦֳľƣȻ˿ڳ
ѵҶЦȻҲﵽ˲𾳽磿
ֻ˵֮ǰҶЦʼղΪҪͻƿ𾳲Σ
ԭڴˣôһж˵ͨŶ
ˣ
ľ֮ˣںη׶
ˣ
ˣ
һ̣ЩȻܹģҲͻȻо֮Уƺƾնһص֧Լġ
ˣĹǡ
սȱ
ҶЦûпֻ׿ڿУڣ
ڣ
һ̣ͬľ޴쵱ء
ˣԳռɽͷΪĿ꣬ȫپ£
ҶЦһ仰֮ɽҰͻȻطӿֳһƬӰ˷Ӹ˼ĽѸҶЦָĵصۼȥ
ȹʽеĽҲųһ亹
·ǹصС̬ԣ
ǸղֱӿսЩбȻһЩص֣ȴƱػԼĶľ޴ɱˣǻԵ
߲Ȼȫû뵽Ѿȥɽˮĵزʵܲصסһ֡
ԭǴ˵еҶ𣡡ƤЦⲻЦлҶʵ¶˳סһʡҷ
仰ڵľҲԡ
ҶЦǲЩгǼڰĻʱɻǿҶЦȴʱ㽫Ƕ˳ʧȥЧ
ѾվĵˣʹǿᣬҲ¡
ߣ˻Զ϶һεȫԱǱΪǵĳ𣬻оҽЦҶЦҲսǱߣֻһͷβĿճǣ໹ʣСèֻҶѣֻҪľԱǾǹȫʤ˴ѵΪ֮
ѾȲϽսˣϽ״ݻپսȻǱѾһճǣҲζκ׹ռҶҾ߶Ҳ֮һҶǱȴˮ¥̨ȵ¡ִȼѿɾͲˣ
κΪ֮ѵľפأ
ҶЦǽһۣǽϻ
ϻƽ컢֮
ǹһ֮еһͬʱҲǹΪս֮ˣ
ϻĴ޽ı֪ἰ
ǺһЦ벻ҶҲ֪µļٳ豸
˼ڿӡ
ղҶЦһնǧҵֶΣʵ̫Īһķڶ黹һƬ֮УôĹѣ˱ȥ˻Σؼʸ˲ҪէıҪʱ
⣬ڵȾ־ۼһ򾡣
ҶЦһԣһϾɱȫս
ֻб˷սȫһŷһټ
һһЩ©֮㣬ֵֻǷݺ֪©֮ˡصжô£ǿܻڰУʱ
ĵˣʳѰ
ҶЦڲʺϵʱ´˲˵һĲ˴պһ𣬾հɱ⣡
Ըȡ


360 ݣ
ڵȣȾ˰ҶЦۼ
ҶЦվڿУͷҲأϻĴȻ֪ģܹҵľڱƵȵزҲȷס£ίʵף
ιӵ֣޽û˸ôС
ҶЦҡͷǽ֮ǰ飬սһһ˻ȥһ仰
Цһ˻ȥҶҶЦ˵λôʱ򣬾ݣȻ˵ó仰Ҫһ֣
ҶЦֻ侲ŽϻǵĮ۹⣬ýĴЦЦһ룬Ȼֹͣ
ϻǵС֮ˣȴҲ֪أ˼ʿҶЦʱĿ⣬֪ΪξһĪļ£һëȻ
ԭζĴЦȻЦȥ
ҶЦ䵭ĿزЦˣЦ𣿡
һŭɭɭʵǷܹǰ֪ҶҪһ˴һʲôȥ
ҶЦ侲Ķãһһ˵ΪĴԣעûȥģһ仰˵Ҳ޷ʱһսɱǾˣǶҵ£ҵ£˭Ҳɱ
ҶЦһתһ仰ǣ˭ѪծҪѪ

һΣȴĹЦ
ҪѪծѪ
ֹЦ
޻̸֮֮
Ҳ˵ıΪʥȫΧϣҲκΣֻб¾һ;ؼǡʲôˣǿص̫ӣ
֮һĺˣһǵӣ
صĶӣ
涯ɱ֮ˣȴֵеɱ𣿣
ҶЦĿ侲ĿܺЦҾڴ֣ӴԺҾ棬ݣ
նŭ޺ޣȴǸ֮ɫ䣡
治ݣ
仰еľ£жȻһ
治ݣݣ
仰̵㺬壬Բͬ
УһƬȣ
磬Ҳ޴Ӹġ
治ݣһ̶˵͵ͬҪ۲ݣ
ҶЦ˵仰ȴǻתӻĽ䣬ֻһ仰ʱ֮󣬾ս
ҶЦղһ仰˵ûëֱʹҲ뵽䣬Ȼ˵ˡԼ棬˵Ҫص̫үݣ
⡭Գ
ûӾ߳ù׻ˣҪô˵ɥĲĻ
Ǳ߻ûعͿҶЦѾƮȥˣǾ仰ҲͬĿһеҶҲһۣ֮Գ磬Ȼ˵ʱսҽͶҶʱһۣ
ǿھ£֮С
ʱƽʱ߻㹦򣬵սϣҲ˾£ѻָʲôսĿǰõ鱨ͷ鵤ѸҶЦϴ鵤ʱҲԷӲ̫á
ҼղΪҲֲֵô󷽣ȫˣԼһɱȥһݣ
ҶЦһ·Ʈ䣬һѾεľһƬƬȵĿ⣬ͷŭ
ϣ˼ȴûаֳ
ǣ˫ۣ䣬ʮнˣѾǰȺ
ҶЦҪ⡣
ûЩ񣬶ȫұ죬Ҫ˵ҶЦһ˲ץϰٸƿÿһţȷȥȰСס˵
ҶЦǣ඼ֻǿһȻǴһԱʲô̵㱾ԼЩصԱϲ֮£һȻˡ
ʱĽࡣ
˵һ仰֮󣬾ͻһꡣ
ҶЦȫԤгֱֹסȷҩסһ˵
ڳÿ˶Ҫ˵ʲôҶЦ£һĹÿ˵ƣϢǿǰŰ
κ󣬾ȫۼϡ
ǧ߰ˣҶЦͷ۾˵ֵ˲䣬ȴ絶ʡ
ǰʱͳƣʮѾչʮˣ
һӴ֣½򱱾ҲͲˡ
ڣ֮Ӵľžֻʣǧ߰ٶˡ
յ֣ȫԱսǧϲ£Ҳڴˡ
ˣʱ֮ҵȲս޻ڣ
˵Ŀ⣬н仰С


361 ڽ֮
ҶЦϣȴǸһࣺʲôսô;޻ڣټΪˣΪǻȥڵǰս֡ҪӦսڴ
ս
ҶЦһ۴㵡
Ǿȫʵˣﻹʲôս
ʱٿ
˶ˣһŽ𣬽˲ŰĴҶʱѾˣλҲ·ˣôҶһ߾Ȫįʹ䵽ڤҲһڤȥưɣ
һ֣ͳͳΧס׼κһˣ˵ȣɱۣϣ
һƵɽĹ˷£졣
Զˣ˻л֮Ʋ㣬עһĻ
ЩԼ˵ĵ¾Ļ棬ÿ˶
ΨпŵϤɥԼǰڶܳ
ǾƬ֮󣬹սÿУֳȵ𾪣ͬʱһôܣ
У˺Ȼ廹вţ
ɽϣҶЦٷߵ˺۵ĳһѾѵĲꡣ
״ֺ̬õ㣬Ȼɫ԰ףŵ۷ǿߵƣɲ״̬ͱȽϲҵˣɫ࣬˫񣬷Ѿȥ;ƿݵı֣ȴŬֱͦĿȴ
ڳ֮һ˫ʮ
Щÿһ˶˺ۣ󲿷άվվֱԾŬվţŬ岻ҡΡ
ǧˣֱɵ˵ϣǶûҶЦľҩڣζסһǵʵ̫أûվͷβΪ̡
˵ɫȴԵ쳣ƽγһϣķΧ
γַΧɼ򵥴ֱΪˡ
ھվǰ
¶ĵ֮ƣɱһվ˲䣬ÿ˶оԵİȫֻҪ˻ڣô֮£ûκ˺ǣ
ҶЦӭƮƮͬҪ˷ȥһ㡣
Ȼӣھ˵ĿУֻվԽһ赲
˷ĹѾʼ˳档ƴĸ߽ߣҲ˶׼
Ȼһ̣ҶЦȻĿէȻ¶Цݡ
ȻսǾͲҪȥˣ
ҶЦһХͻȻһӣ
䣡
۵ң˶ǰˡ
ΪҶЦ״ƮݵĻ֮䣬ɽ֮£ҶЦ˵Ľ£ջûһسһȺޣ
һȺ
һȺ߼ʵһȺ
ǺôһȺ
СһȺƷֻܵһȫëɫ쵣Ѫŭţһˮİ֮
ңֻҪһ۾ȷЩͨϻΪЩϻСͨϻļʮ֮⣬ȻһɫƵƤëͷϺȻһ֧ǣ⡭
ͷǵϻʲôƷ֣Ҳ̫۾˰ɣ
һŭ֮࣬ǧͷڻԳ˹Ĵ֮Уԭ߲ԶЩڻ죬һԾ֮䣬ɿռɣȻת۾͸սˣ
ȻȻȻݺڻ˺ҧȫľϷ롣ţòƻڴˣЩر˶ĺڻȻſ֮ʣкȻһâ貵ĹǹǵѤҫĿһʵһƬҵıըǷͬСɣ
ЩڻķͬɹۣٷԪߵȫЩڻԣȫȻʹδʥԪнߵĹҲڻƤëҪʥԪ߽ߵʵпնɱЩڻ
ţǡпܡڻҲɵôʵʵԭɱһʥԪ߽ȫ־ɱϮĺڻʱȫܣ鶯˾̾
ЩڻǿᣬίʵԤϣֻһ棬ͳ˾޴֡
ڽ𻢣Ǻڽ𻢣սĽʧɫһ˫۾ûͻۿִ˵еޣǱߣҲѾ֣ô˴ĳ
ôܣ⡭˰ɣ
սսԲͲս󣡡
Ҫ˺ˡ
ҲѵأʱսķԸʿеһԲͲսжԼǿԲͲֶԿڽ𻢡
սԵõиͨƴ֮£ǧͷڽ𻢣ϵر𡭡
ʹ鶯ʼĳ䲻⣬վԳʱĴ
ɽ֮
ҶЦĿĮ񣻲ް顣ۼڻƱƣ¾Ӷ漴һƬƬâȴһӴ˿ֲȺ彫


362 
³ȺĿȷʵֲҪϻĿͷ֮࣡
ÿһͷǣɣһɣͱ֮ʵеĿҪһƾǣ
ͷëƤͺһ鴿һҫ۵ɫǣѪ۾ǵģЩɫǵ۾Ѱ͵۾Ѫɫ
⡭⻹𡭡ڿ뺷ľ֮ʶĵһӺ﷢һ
ʵ쳾ҲǵĴ˵ֻڴ˵ѡ
˵УǽǣԴһëɫģ䣻ĳʵҲԽԽǿͭƤǣǹ룬ˮ֮⣬ٶȸǿó棬Уһҹֻ£ŵĵط䷱ֳǿ൱ǿ
һǣֻҪһʱ⣬ܷܳʮֻǵĴͥЩﲻϵطѷܣʱ䣬γһӵǧڵĴͼ壡
һֲ֣
֮˵Ǵ˵ʷѾ֪ڶ֮ǰʵǿᣬȺӴԭİʱĴԭϣֻҪһǺڰ֮ڣܹۼǧȺ
֮ˣҵͳһ֮սǷȺս֮Уǰʱǧ߰꣬Žһ¾ɾ
Ӵһ峹ʧں쳾ʷ֮Уڲټ׻Ϊ˵
ڣ⴫˵ѾȺ˿̣ȻȺӵسңһ֣ͷ

ɫѾѿ
ֻǧͷڽ𻢣ʲôѾתֻҪʱ䣬֮ܽȫɱɾǣȴһ鷳
ӦԣƱػԼľɼʧ
ֲˡ
׸ʱȻǰֻҪЩ޵Ѵ֮ܽĲڳ׼𣬸
ĻᣬţԼһ֮УҲֻôһΣ
һλᣬȻΪĸ󻼣˫֮䲻Ѫ𣬱ȻɹĳجΣ
Խֻܳȥȥ
ǣͷǣĴ壬ʲôȡʤ
˼ת֮£ͻȻ˼һת뵽˹һһ˵Ⱥǿͷֻ֮һƥƥҲȺΨһǻ۱ȽϸߵĴڣڵǶԱԵķָӵ䣬ֻҪܹɱɸڵĹϵͳңɱ״ҲһΨһ㣬һǿǿķĪ˵ǵ壬쳾ȫҲδУ
ǴʵôֻҪҵͷǣ֮ɱͻᷴת
һ˲ϲ⣺ȻѰ϶ףֻҪӦԲԣǾͺð࣬ǰȺȻĿƣ㲻޷Ӧдѵ֣ʰڲ̫ѣֻҪûиġ
֪ǲĳϻĵùգ߲һͷɽǱߵҶЦּˢˢӶ
Ȼ󡭡֮һȺɫ˶ų֣ȴǾԳգǿս
Щӱǵľ޴;Ҫһǧͷɱӿֲٶȸӿݡ
Ͻ𱪣
һһں쳾ѾȺ
ȽڸղҪ΢һǣϽ𱪲һ־ѾȷϣǰֻͷʮͷٶͷϽ𱪵Ļ˷ϲ
ͬȺֹǿ쳣ȺϽ𱪹ԶȻɱٶȸΪǿ׽ɱѣƤëȴ쳾ϳ˵ڼױģΪڴˣϽּ߽ɱò೹ڽУѲϽټ
ڴ˵ؾ֮Ͻ𱪣ǧͷϽ𱪵ĳ֣ĿɾͲǾϲĿ֮Ͻǰսȥ磬ͬϬɱ֣ĿΪҧˣȴս֮ˣȺϽ𱪣ƤëΪƷ壬˿̾ΪجΣ
Ͻ𱪸һƥֵޣȴμ穣ֵһȺīǧĴޣ˵ȴһȺҰţһţ֮⣬λһöһɳķǣôһȺηҰţ
ŹĴֱӳ
ײ
ʵֱײ͵Ұײ
ֹڴˣڵҰײĻù˾ЩҰţֲĵطǵļ̲ݵķµƣٳϣȻֻǲһĻ𻨶ѡ
Ȼ೤ַУͷҰţڳĹоͱ˷ޣҰţȴǳ˽ȥ
һʹң


363 ɵĻ
Ȼ󣬹ַ׷ڿնΪ﷢֣ǺڻǡϽ𱪻ҰţȺʹϬܻǵ沿ӣɣٲܳʱͿգ֮γɿնԵشĻпܷתƵģ
Ȼ󣬹˷־ûзתΪȺǱҲֿվˣŹһڿգƬƬӰէȻУ죬һչʮɿִӥͻֿС
ˣܹڿշҲãڿжհֻбŰһ;ԹЩڿո߽ߣûüʩչеĿնԵشͱͻĿնԿմˣ
ȻƳˮһӿ֣ӿĴ֮УУʮɫľ޴۽ĿۣϹĿ
١ţǻࡢι״ĸɫ֣һһ֣ս
һҲû೤ʱ䣬ַԲǧս޾׵ĺ
ںڽ𻢸ոճֵʱռݾƣǳ֮󣬹Ǳռ˾ƣųֵԽԽ࣬ԽԽʤƽһб
ڲ֪֮У֣ȫ޺֮У
ʤơƣơơƣΣƣ׵ļ
ӣ
ⲻûҲʵʩжȴڡôӣӵ
ķȥκͼߣЩ޻չԻԴ
ʲôܹĹǵصհ
ߣǿά֣һʱͼݿնߣֱӾ
սƶԹһԽѾʼֹʮͷͷһ˵Ŀֲ
Ӵ˫ۺսѳ״ÿһжһƬ
ǵʤȻʵʱ̣ҶЦǱ߾ȻڲϵĻӶ䣬Ūµ޴
Զ׼ҶЦҪ޽ĹȫһҪһľɵϤ޵Ķߣ
Ϊˣǰδĳơ
ЩޣҩɽޣҩɽޣȫҶЦ˳˵㳲߲ޣҲ˳һ֡
֮Ǻ쳾죬Щ޾Ѫ֮󣬲սҴǷҩɽģȻջأЩԸⷵҩɽģ֮ƾ֤Ϊ屣һݴѪ
Ǵҩɽ߲ʱ򣬷ӡҩɽ֮ľԡ
ȻսҪõЩޣųȥսǿû۽֮󣬲սҴԸԸعҩɽǿȥ⡣
ԣĳ˵Щ޿ԹΪһԵߣһοûˣ
ҶЦʵ̫ˣ޵ҧгݣ޵òһУȴǺܸɴؽһԶȫ˳
Ÿո˵ɫȴĲشҶЦβޣ
ҪҾ𣿼ȻĴ㣬͵óеۣȫ޸ɣ
ɽЩҴ߾ǱˣǻһҲûˣ˼һȴǵɴ۾˿ĿǰƵһһĻһĻ
ЩˣҺţţͶ·ȴһȺһȺ޻˺壬̽ӡ
һǿ;ĩ·֮ʣĻطԱ𡭡
Щľе־壬ȫǳ˱Ŀ⻹Ϊսѩ޵Ļ䡣
˼ʲսѾ˰֮ռسԲǧսѪɱۼ
ǧﷶؽ֮⣬ȴһܲɵİΧȦ
Щ޻עΣȫʱս׼
ֻǽӵǣһ©֣֮ؽ֮ɱԲκһˣ
е˷طΧͻΧȥĻô÷طΧȺԶʧȥɵĻᣡ
ɵĻᣡ
֣Щ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ
һ£һȺҩɽȦʮ£ʹҩɽڲռЩƾõУҩɽˡ
ÿһòݳʲôط֪ûаʸо
ݷɵ壬ױȵҪ
Ȼҩɽ֮ˣʵ֮ǰԶԶܿܵķ룬ֻܽⱻˣǵΨһϣֻбҩɽļ̳˷ųȥִһֻҪ񣬾ҩɽԭԼµõɣ
ڶ޿˵һյĵ
˼ʣʱ˿̣ƹҩɽȴԼ˳
ֻҪɺһε񣬾ͿԻɡ
Ⱥȫϵɣ
ᣬЩ˵ѷ


364 ȫû
ɵϣһҪסһҪ֮£κһĴʧ
һʧȥ
ԣÿȺߣȫ֣ص̬ȷԸȥǳ©˭˲ӣôԺȺйǼԶ
ͷѾ㹻޶Ϊ֮ȶӳĳͷˣȴҪĳͷȡ
Ǵ˭˲ӣȺܵõɵĻôڵļ壬ʹΪȺĹͬū⣡
˵ǰһͷȶӳһͷȴǸΪأ˵ľĴû֮һֱӾԶûоͷĳͷͷĵûֲˣ붼Ҫˣ
ԣΧЩѾǵԲ۾˾񣬻߿ƶ˵һս֮Уǵעеĳ̶ȣȻЩһ֮УΨһһ۷壡
ʵʧĺ̫˰
սԾǷӿڲҽУɱ
һѾǱ
ԭֻɱھ棬ӦǺϢڣȴĻϢΪԵķֹһλǰңźڽţͷϣӥ
֮ܶǶóһﲻʵߣλߣֳʩ࣬ƵȺҪԺˣҪ汻һͻΧȥǾǼܿˣԸɴȺԶ֣ס˽Ⱥ֮
λøʢĽϻȻǱԸӵĵزϣѲ˸˺ۣҧģ˺ģץģҲбյġбըġ
ЩȻǸȺ츳ͨµĽ
ΪָӹٵĽ߱вٽʲôģǻϰ˸һսʸڽϻߵ£ʵȻҲǲСЩʵģиǲߣۺʵ˵˵ãƾֵˣֽ׶ξˣ
ڡս³սԽԽǲңϰ˵ĸ𽥱ɼʮˣʮˣ߰˸ˣιίɵ˼ҲȺս
ֻʣ˽Լ
ܹڣһȻΪʵȷʵǿһҲ˻ֵĽڰֻ־ȥĳ˵İ䣬ǽ뵹ʱ
ܹĸоԼԭޱڷٵģݽߣǰޣȴԽԽࣻеεǣЩ޵ǻȫߣÿһӲƴʩչһ֮λޡ
⻹
ô֮ʦ֮죬ն𣿣
ŭĴݹչ񹥻Ҫһ·Ǹƶĸ˳ǧޣһ񣬳˽䱸Լʱصơ
һܳȥˣɾûˡ
ôУ
Ϊ˲ɶƣΪƣѣʬѣҲðĳĳ˶ס
Ȼĳϻͱˣɵ۳岻ȥ
ⳡһʼͲԵȣȻӲԵȵս£βķûϢޣˮӿμս
ΨдΧΧȦޣԾɿȻ
ǵȫ棬ҲҪҩɽ˷ٻܹȥһȥ̫磬Χ߳©صĵܵĻᡭǿɾˡ
Զ
֮ͽˣͷƤ飬˶ˣ
ۿżǿϮۿŽŰΧϹһۣȴۿŴ޲ϳ֣Ȼۿϵر𡭡
һӰһۣͬͬ½һӿеûؾͱϵ޷ʬԵ
ۿʮٱ򣬱˼ǧ˼٣Ȼۿžֻнһ˻ս
ˣ˼ʶѾó׵ףɸɾ
ϾһƬɷף˸Ϊ̫ңƷ˼Ѫ˾ʹ˻˹ȥ֮ĿǾԴͣߡ
͸
ԭľƣ˼ʵȫûһֻôʱ䰡
գգۣط׺ɣ
֮ȻΪ֮ǰӳõ伣ǱڹؼңүߣһΪȻأʵΪҪѷɫֻ࣬ó׶ѣʴйɵλǿЭͬսʤȯգǣᣬλǿ߶˫˫𣬾ֻʣ½ڴȴҲ֧̫ã⡭ô˹
⡭ѵĺˣ˿Ҳ֧֣ҡҡ׹ͬ˵ɢ룬ȫǲ˼飺ô
УζʹѾǿȴԾ޷¶еĲ


365 ·ӣ
УζʹѾǿȴԾ޷¶еĲ
֮һĨȥѪѳɶ֣Ҫģ취סȥһҪѽ֮ս״ȥҪȻǹɾˡ
ҶЦһ֧޾֣ʵ̫ˣΣճ̶ȣȫĴˡ֮ȫǳء
Щߣ氧裬ʮܴߣҪôߣ
ͬһ̾ҡ
֮Ҳ̾һ޲ߡ
˵û˭ߣ¾ǵǣҪôߣ
ԤеܰΧ֮£һֻӬҲɵóȥοˣ
ڵǰĻΧ£ӵٸ߶εֶΣҲ޴ʩչΪܹεʶĸ֪ڵĶֿЩޣˣǱӡ
޵Ϊģһζܹ
ҪصĶɰŮˣŮϵζܹε𣿣
ڴʱΧλãңңһȣת湫ӡҽΪЧˡ
δ䣬ͻȻһ챬ըȻ
һĢȽȽڡ
һ֮еĽϻʹ˻촷ۣͬ
޴ԾɺȫɣƽʮɣЩʶáڵµĹһһҳɱ
ŲʱĳԽԽƽ˵˵Ĳ֮ˡ
֮оǲ˫ֽȭͷȴε̾Ϣ
ǽѣʤǣɵԱ٣һء
ڽˣԴӳûйκһܵ˲صʧ֮ȻҡҡͷүԹ˹ΣһĴհ˴£棡Ȼֻʮʱ䣬ȴѾԽ޽ֵܻᣬǶΪ޽һεȵݡֻϧ
ֻϧһս֮󣬷ǵ˴ɥĴһҴ棻ˣҲҪڴˡҸҲһһúܵȵ֮ᡭ
֮Ȼս֮ǰ˭õһǰĬĬŵССȻܹ˳صĴ˷˼ĵƣǵԮȫûܽλǿߣҲϤڴ֮Уǿɾɲ
ĬȻĿȻ
ǵģ˭ܹõһ㡢ֻҽһƵľ󣬽վȻƵĵز
ֵܻᣬԷƸ¥Ҳûǹ
ǡ

ɽҰޣӵԳһӣһɫϺϽɫıȺڵţȺУɫӥɫĺףɫ
ĿޱߺƵ
ȻһĻبδҲѸǰ׳ۡ
Ȼȴӯɭɱ
˼ػ˵˵ģֻٹ֡ȻЩֲѵܱȵѾɥսʮǿ
ǲܸǿʮҲܵ޺ʲô
һȺ֮ѣ
ɽҰεص޺жֻʣһͷ
ΪʲôһҪԾأ
ֻΪһյɥ
ڹƽսбɱֵ˴ٳԴɽѹƣԶ𣿣
˵׻ѵΪԼǿҪ˽֪ѹˣѹֻͣǵҷռһʱʤ㣬վҪ㣡
ѹ˵۸С
ǶԷСأ
㣬ȳƣ޺Ī˵ǹ󣬾һشʮʤ𣿣
ү֪Ľ᲻Ծñ
вֻԼݱѣҵͷѪĵز

棡һСɲˣ
ǰģһͷӥӥ֮
ģȻǶǻ
ֻǶǻ˼ʿӥ񣬳˸߸ϵζ
ҶЦͷǵ״һѲһÿٷһƶ֢ҩڷ
ԷڻܳƵһСɵĵˣĿƣȥ˴ܵĲ״ɣ
ҶЦ𣬰ƮȻɣ˲ʱȥ޴ǰӸոƮ𣬵ɱѾԶǧ
Ǳ


366 棬Ҫɱ
վǶ㲻ȥ֮̾ϢϾǲȻ
ȻѾˣ̸ʲôܣֻб˳Ūһ;
ԷŰޣԴɽѹ̬Լֻòбܽˣ㣬㲻ˣ̫ࣻӣӲˣǰ·򣬸Ӵ򲻹Ϊ
ڻ֮ããȻ֪ȴһĽƿնһ
¡һ˲ַΧڵľϰߣȻ¶˳
޶ʱԼƨĻᣬ׷ǰǧŴʰֻ¶Ŀǽ֮еٸˡ
жֵǣһܵҶЦǰҡβͣһë׵ϣǺεֺá
ɽˣǿȫķԸˣˣˣʣˣǲǸ㶨֮ǵɾͿԶˣһԵģ𣿣
ҶЦ˷ۣ˹þòˣ˴ι˾ñط꣬عɫôĲأ쳾죬»ͦҪҪҶĳΪһβҪͣơ
˽ҶЦ˼⸱ʵк棿ҪʲôʹЩ˵ףҪһüͷͲкˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷûʲôǾ󲻹һֻҪȥ˵ĸΧûܿٳͽʮֵѪ޽졣
ԭܵǵ˹󡣡ҶЦȻ˲µĽɱʧء
ﵱ˵ǽɡֻϧҾǵڲſ壬Ȼ仰ĸ⣬ʵ˹ҶЦ˸Ĺ⣬һѪĹâԭɱ¾
һҶ˵Ĳǽɱ¾ǿʳǿʤ߿ݹǣȭͷǵȭͷ
գҺ˳ǹˡȻ˰̣ǾĵҪʲôǶֻյȫյķݡ
˰Ȼ˵ǽΪʤߵȨ
ҶЦҡҡͷ̾Ϣʵں˹һֱͣΪõŵ£ɵ˽ֻ֮ϧҷߵڵĵزҲǷǳΡ
ιȻ֮һĽհ˴죡εȵݡܱǸһս֮ȴ֪Ҫɣ
һߣ˿һŭү¸ƣǼĶ֮ˣԾ죬аķŰɣ
Ҿͳ׵ķˡҶЦȻĵͷ֮ǰһڷǳģιʧȥ֮󣬻᲻ʹһ겻񣿼Ȼûе˽ǵĳ̶ȣôԺսͿˣ˵ʵ͹ˣ治Щ޵Ķӣôޣʳĵĳˡ
ҶЦ˵Ļǳºͣƺ֮ҳԹԼ޿κΡ
ⷬں˺ͽ˶ȴǲԾһɳǵĺ⡣
ʵӦøеҶЦ̾Ϣһ֧޴ԭ׼Ըһ˵ġΪǶǰתԸǡ˵ιʵƽġ׼ҪԸǸ˵ҲЩźġ
ҶЦ۾Զ̾ϢһԺǸˣҵսǳ࣬ԣͽĽԣʵǷǳĵġ
ŭǳҪأ
ҲģȻҪҲĵ˳ô˳ȻȻ飬˹ػҪʡҶЦȻһЦں쳾ؽŬԵǲκһ·Ψ鷳ڼԭǹƽʤҲУԾȭͷǵԺĲ˵͵ڵ͵ֻᱻ˵ӡ
ش裬һ̵һʣôӴԺκ˶ԶԾָֻţ£ע޷úƽʽġ
ʵ̫֮棬էȻǰе·ϣδһᡭҶ棬ǵңԷ̫ӣҲɱ
ҶЦ󣬾Ȼһͦõ飬˵ǲ޳
Թ˵ƾ㣿Ҫǹү治·ͷҶЦΪʲô
ҴͲʲôҶЦǸˣǹүȴѾˣǡһʱܴʬ塣
ҶЦ۾΢΢ţôзŶǺɣܱߣҾʮӢ꣬ڰңңΪǱΪѩޣֻǸɵЩˣȥǵԹΨнɱıѩޣ
ԼĴ˸¡
գʣҶЦôһ˵Ȼ˸оزң챯
ҵĺѹ֣ΪҵʧôֵܲǲǳҡҶЦһͻȻһХ
ң
ȥֵţҶЦڴģҶЦĿ磬ϣҪնɱ棡ΪֵǱѩޣΥģ֮
ֱȻһĲ
漴һϹƶ£ԴҶЦ֮С
׼
֪ʲôطƮƮĴһ֡
ƺھ֮ϣƺǷ
׼ģ
˵ʱɫ䣬Ըӡ
ӣͻȻһȣԭҡҡ׹һͻأرǰδеľٶȣһԽɿռ䣬һȻ⣬ҶЦҧгݣȴǳԹζ
ҴɱŮˡҶЦĿĮʱȴ⡭㲻֣ҲǷɣۣ֮Ϊ˱ֵѩޣʹŮˣҲ⣡
ҶЦһֻƽƽȴץס˽Ϯ֮ꡱһ࣬ʱѣ飬ҶЦ֣δ˳ˮۣһغ˽ǰ
ۡ
һѪƮƮҡҡķ˳ȥű㻯Ѫ⣬ʧӰ٣
һȻ
ҶЦĳڱɱû°ء
һεսʾǰһڳ֮£ֹնɱǧپӣ
ҶЦѾ֮ǣλ飬ԷŮˣҲ⣡
ϣ֮ȫɱֻºһȥ汨ɥҵĳŵҲǶԹ˵һŴҶЦһ֣ȵ
ء
ͬʱԳХ񱼶̬
֮̾Ϣһг֣һݺ£޿УҶЦ㱨𣡡
ϬȴشԼѡ
һ̣Ȼš䡱һ֮һһ㻯Ѫ⡣
˫֮һĻ֮֮ʽԼ׷飬˻ҳһĶҪԣҲ޴¿ڡ
ԼΪ޿ʳֶΡ
ɷǣҲҪ޸
һ߽ߵϡ
µ˹ȴûĴһʱ㱻ްΧһʱ̣Ѿøɸɾ
øɾȫ޸òɾһѶȵ飡
˵ɫȻҪ˶ϣʵ̫أ˼ܹվѾǿѾʧȥɱ
ۿһ·׷ױ¾ɣ絶
ҶЦɱҰɣ棬
пܣҲɱ㡣ֻϧڹʣԼˣ㶼ˣ񲻾ûȥ汨ɥˡҶЦĿˣôˣκ˶ԻȥѶΪһѡ㣿ֻΪسŵŹүӵˡȻԼվԼ
ѡȥһ۵ĽҲҶԽĳŵΪţŲҶЦһֵҶЦ棬ݣ
һ仰˵꣬ҶЦתһ֣
漴ֱȥ
޴һ糱ˮ㼲ߡ
֮䣬յϣعһƬʣõؾֻºһˣҡҡ׹վڳС
ֻٿԲǧĿ죬ԼȻһǰӵĴ˧磬˺йһһѪΪһѪӣȻڵϡ
ӡһΡ˰ҶЦġ
˻ǰоֻһ뷨


367 һ

ҶЦվɽһӶӳˮһޣʧɽ֮䣬ΣҲһɡ
ޣһȺһȺģڸȺߵ£ҶЦǰͷ⣬һХɽ֣ȥ
ҪСĵıԼǻ߻ٻ֮ڡҶЦľǧؽ磺ϣԺټǵʱǶѾΪһ£
ڱ֮еޣ׷פ㣬ͷѭȥһɽǸӰּ񱼶ȥ
һξսҶЦŭӯģܲ˵һų֮ޣս֮ʮͷѡǻصռģȴһǧͷ
ޣȫѡ˻عɽ֣֮·
뿪ҶЦ鿴ҩɽе״ȴǾķ֣ѡޣ󲿷ֶǳڵ߲㡣
иͷʵ൱峤˽ǿߵǣͷǺȻһǷ򸾣ȴѡ
ҶЦԴ˱ʾ⣬ɶǰȥѯõĴҶЦĬá
ѡǰ֮·ǳΪǿߣǲʵɡûʵûɣǴ˼ʼҩɽȻɻܵƣʵȴҪöࡣ
ѡ£ȵǸоѾǿκвʱȻǡ
Ƿ򸾵ĻҶЦ˺ܶࡣ
ûʵûɣ
Ƕ֪ĵʵĵȻʵ֪

ȥ
ҶЦԾ£ͷǷݳȴ˿δ
һս֮󣬾ζҪϢһʱˡ
ԼȻ˿õĵز
͸ոһԵļ飬ִ۾Ҵ֮ƣǵֱ˱ԴԪԪԪأ𣬾ҶЦֶͨΣдѴѵĵ񵤣Ҳڶʱôȫԭ

һʱ䣬ȫҺú˾ǱǲԭеĻλ㲻׼߽˺ˣҲһû⣬Υߣֱ󣡡
ҶЦ

󼯽ǸɽһĴĹ
ˣԾ
ЦҶЦΪսֵ
Ѫ֮ͷ֮ޣ
ʮĴ֣ɽɽǧ
ֻЩּһۿҲܸоǳɱ

һۣ޽
Ϣ˳ȥսϢˣ޲Ӷ͹˳ȥ
޽һۻ֮С
ҶһҰף˻𣺡ôܣôܣ
ҶЦ֮ǣֻ˵֮ÿʱÿ̶޵ݣҲս
Ϊ˵һʱҶЦϢͷ֮ޣ
֪ȥȴҶЦľԻ͵Ĵʤ
ֱѾµҶ༸
ۣ
һֻһӲ䣬һùͷһЦ˵ôܣʧˣ๫ӣٺ١
һߵһĿͣѡûע⵽ԼĹӱ裬һ˫۾ȴĶס˵ϣŢУǸùģѾȱͷ
Ȼһʳһ˹ȥ
ҵġҶһҲȥ
ͶſŢУѾȱ˵ķùͷʲôҲûˣֻ͵ģʳļµĿ󡭡
ڣҶһ룬ˮȥʹ׽汻һץɳӣĿ졣
һߵһҲһ룬ʹʡ
ԱߣһֱڼŶ˵һ´󺺹Цֵǣǿǵĳˣǿ԰Ϣˡ
ǻ
ˣֵܸýˡ
󺺿Цȥ
ԶӰ´£Ѿкü˵
Ҷһϣ֮УȫǾ
һ̣һҶ࣬ͻȻ𽥱÷ԽԽгʹޣͻȻ䣬һȥֺֻݺݵסҶĲӣЪ˹㣡㣡˵ûб»£һֱȵز˵ҷϣͷβ
Ҷ౻ס˲ӣϣʧ룺һֻʶץţȴһץסһͷ
һʹ֣˷ϴһš
󺺴ԶӶֱۿڵ˴ȫǱġ
һַͷѾҶ˺˺ôһ飬ȴǳɹٴסҶĲӣǼµĲŰݺݵţһ˫ֵָͷѾҶĺ
Ҷ۷ףһ˫ץһ֣Ҫȴ𽥵ʧȥʶ
ȵزԱߵĴѾֹ
һΣȴûֹ
ֻЦţ˿Ŀɱ
ү֮Ҷһ档ĥȥ
Ҷп죬һѣһȥľ۾գʱ򡭡
ԱߵһˢһʣһһԴ
ˣ޽ƣȴŪ˴֮ҶسҵͶˣһ·
ȴκ˶뵽ġ
󺺾վһᣬȥ
Уѻౣȥ
ϣʬһֹš
á
һӰһŵʬ壬̾˿
ֵܻᣬϹҲһȻʱס֣ҲáӰһӣҶһʬ壬ټȥҪүŭˣҶԣ裬ȴɣ
Ǹһ䡣ҶѪծѾֵܻԴ֮Ҷ裬ȴҪһ˵ġ
Ӱһôˮһʧˡ

ôܣ
ƶ˹ӡţҶƶˣĴ͵Ŀעպþúþãһð춼ûд
ߣүӵϣλȫ۹۱Ǳǹģľż£ʵÿһ˵ľȫضҶƶˡ
Ҷƶ˶Ȼס
ҶƶĿעա
ҶƶһͻȻס
Ҷƶÿһ̵仯
λǿУš
ǿƶȻһʵȴڷţҶƶ˴˼ֳκһϸ΢е˿ʲô
Ҷƶ˵ķӦȻǰֻһ˲΢仯
߸ϺУȴ˲ȫˡ
һʼΪľȣΣǷ𾪣ȫȻĳԤϣ˭ҲԱ⣬⵹ǲΪ棬֮е飻
ȻȴʧȻԼĴͣһԼԼļʡ
һȫүӵ˿У¶̾˿
ڴ˴δսδʱλүй㾡ǰ֧ԮҶƶ˶ǵжûֹ֧֡
Ȼ߼֧Ԯʱȴ⵽˾ľܾ
Ǿ£½ˣ˲ˣʾͲͬˣ
̬ȻǿӲǲ飬λȴףǲԼ鷳Ͼ߶㳲죬Ķڷҳǡ
޽Ϊ֮ƶʯ쾪
ȻıѰȫͬұд֮ҶҶɹ󱳺ҲۣƱز㲻ԮҲٵᶯ۵ıǰһ㣬Կó
ʵӹ󲿷־õıս׶ǹٷʽĲƷǴãܵóϽۡ
ҪȥǸϣ̯̿ӿɾ̫ˡ
Ȼڴ֮Ҷۼļҵף߶ʮʵδλ档
λ룬ԾƽϢ£ֻὫԭ޽Ľսݱһľ档
ҪȥǸزǵا䣬˭Ҳĺ
л֮λүʹεĲʣȴҲֻʱ˼ĵȴսϢһֱȵʱ̣̲ס
λүӸԴӱǧ׼ǰȥԮ
ɶҺˣǴǰȥȭֻΪ
ֻҪҪȵˣսˣ
ⳡս۵ĽǶԲҪһҪȡ
дǽ˶Թж±£ʱ̰һ֣һ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ȻλȻѾִսĵڣʧµľ֮ЦҶЦͻأ֡
λأսǾԼ֮²˲ֽ룬ܴ˽ᡣ
ʱҶЦɫԵúܲ԰ףһ˫ȴеսƣƵ˵浽;ĩ·ĵزλԮˣҲΪһ˵裬ڶֵ
ڣίʵûеĵز
սʧءʵпһ̣ȴǾҪģҵιȻɺϣ˵ǰľ棬ȴҲδزһݻԵһμĻԵ
ҶЦƵһݵȻλүӶóֵȻ֮£żµѹ֡
Ϊֹֻγһ顣
壬ֻһɱһ滹ңԶľ롣
һսһȥͷµĴһսʧأ
Ψڴһս֮󣬾۳ϵǣ
ԣ۲λ֣
һˣ㹻תս֣㸲ս
˵⼸仰ҶЦ˻һ쳤磬죬ϸս
λүȴԭء


368 һ
ȻҶЦѾ⣬ϻǲģչ󣬾ܸߵĲ²ҶЦʵɲǿߣòƻûκʤ㣬ʶ׷ȥһٸΣҲҪΪ䱣ס
սԵȴ⿴ޱ޼ʵ޴ͬкһسսڼ̵ʱ֮󣬽Ĵû
òһֻһʱ̵ʱ䣬ʮԮȫû
Ŀõһеߴ𺳣ѡ
⡭Ц˵ʵ
Ż֮ɱүȻ۾ͷȥ
λǵᣬ䳾

ʵзĿһĻĻֹλʵϣҶƶҲгҶҵľȥԮλүӺ棬ͬⳡһ浹սβ
ۼ֤һ̵˲䣬Ҷƶ˵￰ζӳ¡
ʶҶЦ󣬴һսʼ뵽·֮С
Լ縺š֮ʱѪ졯Ҷȴһҳ֮С
ѳ֮ƵҶЦȣ˵࣡
һ㣬һս֮˶Ŀˡж˳
ãҶƶ˳̾һ૵ҶЦ֮ԭǱԨԡƼʻᣬһڣǷ֮񡭡
ﾡεĽζȴǺܳȣĽȴ޼ʡ
Ա˴˿һۣµ˵ͷ漴ȴֶ̾һ
ڵĵĽȻǳ֮ӡִֻ£ܹһ֮ȫȶҲǴҷ緶
ֻǣĲ򵥲򵥣ΨһֻСϲϡ
Сҿɶóղһɲǵ񣬲㱾ĵʵ֡
ȻûչֶٸĶ׻еģ
˹⣬Ľʺޣϡ棬ͼ֮Σеˣ
ĳӵĸʹĳðƻǿԾޣ

ӣʧٵľЦҶЦͻأǿƳֱ֣ӷų޴вսԱһ򾡣ʮȫû
׹ںȲ裬ԵʱӭǺȿȣȿȡȿȿȡ
׹ӺεˣȹˣɽȻɽǰҲδܹգһ۾˼ϢȻʧ̬ˣ
Ϊʱ֮ǰ˷ȷϢҶЦľѾ;ĩ·һ
ĽҪͷжλ۷ǿǳ棬߶Ԯ˲пܷתս֡
׹кַ֪ʽҶЦҲô
Ӳ⣬һ˼ҶЦ׳ʲô顢ȫȻһִľ˵ʱͻȻȫ߸֪Ϣ
׹ӵȫûκ׼ܣҶЦıԲߣΨûаһ
תƣһټԮ
һ;ĩ·ɽˮĲȵûоĵزˣȴƫƫһӾͽʵԼǧϵĺһټ
ôܣ
ʵ̫߸֪˰ɣ
׹ӻȻͷȻȷԵȷԡ
Ц˵ͷٶȷµȷԣԼ˵ģʵһԼȷϵʵ
׹תͷ𾪣˿ԼĲˮͻأҡͷʧЦȻϢÿɲɣƽ״ʧһò衣
СɵĲץУΪԼһ裬ϸϸƷţһһڵĺȥУȴѾһƬ˼
ޣ׹Ӻһ裬Ż˵֡
һ˵֮ȴ΢΢ҡͷɫ䣬ԾĲ⡣
ֲɫڰ׹һ֮Уνٳ֣ĳֵļΣҲȫΪҶЦԵʡ
һΣΪҶЦĵ񵤡
ôôޣ׹ü
ҶЦ岢ûκνһ㣬ҿԱ֤
ƾճôޣǿ׻ʮޣǵС
оǡȻȫ¡ô޽ֻȫġԴΪǳΪ쳾巽֮ۡҶ֮ĵߴҲǲܵ顣
ôΪʲôҪӳٵڲóΪʲô
׹ӵƺԼ
ӣһν᲻ᡭһ䡣
߲йԲᣡ׹ӵһνǰȥΪֻ˼뿪ˣȴӴ˾󣡡
ȻϢѾɫ֮еĳӴʧǡʵȴˡ
Ӧ˵仰ʵǡ֮ɫ֮еĳʧˣǣĳȴǴڵģһֱȥ
Ȼ򣺡ԭֻһϷǡ˫ʢŭϧ붯Ѱ䣬Լ֮ĪԩȴΪλὫ֮Źأ
׼ȻҶЦĳΪҲΪʲôǿߣھ󡣡
׹ӵ˵ҶЦʲôƣǿɼֱɣƼ鵤ͬǵΪ񵤶Ӧһ㣡
ǰᣬϵ칦Լ˫ԭɱĳ֮ģ£־ǳΪƣ˫֣˫׷ɱԵʻ֮ΪҶЦ룬ԭĺûĳЩ棬Ȼ˫ĳԹڣ˫շŹҲͲΪˣǳ˸жͼھҶЦ֮ͬУϡ
Ǻܼ򵥵Ĵ׹ӵЦЦ
¶Ϊݵɫ
δֻݣҶЦڴˣĳ˶԰׹ӵǻֻҲҪֻ̾ǽһЩϸ֦ĩڴ㽫ʵ໹ԭ˰˾ųɣǻۣ˾̾Ī
Ǽ£ˣȻڰ׹УȴôԶ׼˳һۿ
Ǽ£뿪޽ʱѾˡ׹ӵĵΪҶЦޣһ˵˫ˣҲûôӴڡ
˵׹Ӷһ£ˣҶЦųİޣֶЩʲôޣЩ޵𣿡
һɫ壬һۣҶЦųޣǵƷּ࣬棬󲿷ֶں쳾Ѿֻ߱پֵ壬磬ǣڽ𻢣Ͻ𱪣۽ߵȵȡ
׹ԾԿЦһô˵εҵһ֣
һ㶣ʧӵ˼ǣЩ޾ҶЦΪ˶ԸӶԤģҶЦڸ˹ɣ
׹ҡҡͷֹڴˣҽҶЦΪΨһУЦҲнΪ֣ΪԤ輸ŵƱ֮е飬ǾʧĪ󣬶ҶЦһʱûкʵӦԲԣδػὫŵ籩¶ĵƣ˭Ȼ£ҲҪֲʧĪ󣡡
ŵƣûжùô׼Ը˭֮⣬ûбˡȻǿ󣬵ǿȴ̫ӣ档
仰Щظȴˡ
ԣˣķŶԽĻδؾͻҶЦС
Щޣ¾ҶЦΪ˶Ըң׼õĵƣ̫ǿԵȴǽҶЦСʱƵͶ·ԣҶЦֻܽƷų
һ˵ȷǲɴҲȷΪ˵һ֡óȻЩޡ£ʧ١
׹üͷһ£ֵϸ̽һ£ս֮޵ľΣҶЦǷֽ֮ٴˣҶЦܷգеɱɾ̫ˣ
ü϶ˣȻ޵ľ޷̽飬޵ľ󲿷ֶսɢ޽ˣҲ̫߿ҶЦˣܷգǵˣˣ
׹üͷȻɿӣ̬㲻ʧءţ֪ˡ
ֳ˵ػҶЦ֮ĽϳЩ£ˣһҷ޵ƿأܷգӦ֮⡭ǰޣųЩ֮ؾ۾Ͳˡģɢ޽Ҫ֮ٶȾ£Ҫô£أ
ڳ˼ţһߵ˵˵ֻôһξѾ̫㹻ˣڴﵽĿĵͬʱҶЦֶΣֻҪһĻʱ䣬ԺҲͲҪЩΪ˰ɡ
׹ӳüһΪһţɽ⣻ʼΪҶЦų޴Ȼʱɢȥδز¾ۼڽҶЦʱܹһ־һҪơԱʱ֮衣
ǡӡ
һۣҶЦǱҪ˶٣׹ʵ
ʵǡһ˫ʮɵ˵
ţЩˡ׹ӵͷ
£һҶЦǡЩҪȻˣǱԴ𣬵ƺһ䡭
׹üһתͷĿţ


369 ˣаá
԰׹Ŀ⣬һ˲侹ȻоЩľ
೤ʱ䣬ûдӹпĿˣ
ͷĿǰΪֹõ鱨ȷˡ
׹һأ
ΪֹǱȷ˫˫˫֮еĽǵ䣬ҶЦ֣֮֮ԼһҶЦҪȥѶ֮µĴգ˴䣡⡭ܱΪսʤɳ鲻𾳵Ҳڴ𣡡
飡
׹һǰ輸ϣһ˿𺣺ɳݣһͿأ浽ûã
Ӿʧ̬ˡ
Щ𾪵עԼдӺ˷粻ĹүвǿҵĲ졣
սȻԻͣʹвǿ֮𣬵Ӧûùʧ̬ɣ
𿴷Ƹ¥ں쳾콨ʱ䲻ãں½ɶ£侭ĲҴսƣڰ׹ӵ˳֮£ûʧʲôǸһȻǲйΪǰᣬȴʲôҶЦҲﵽΣֻһսۣƺΪοɣңҶЦҲΡòҲھ͵˾춯صĵزɣ
Ի󣬰׹ӵ̾һ㲻սĿɲһսʤǻˡ顣
գգ۾
׹˵죡
룬ҡͷӣôͣ͵ҷӺͿˡ
׹ӵЦЦˣ㲻ǿԼЩ֮Ķһ׾ͺá
׹ӻر۾ת˼Ѹٵ˼֡ǣûн֮˵
ٳ˼Ƭ֮󣬰׹ƵǱߵļصƣûг𣿡
ûУΪҶЦǱߣΪصûгȻ紫˵ڻûйκˣҹơǲĴԣΪһɡ־ԭ򡭡
׹ĪЦȻ֮ˣٴεƽʧˣ
˼ҶЦĵ裬ĪֶΣʱ䣬ĸ߲սָܻࡣˣĲʵԶͬ٭Խɱ֮ܡƺҲһˣ࣬ɱֶҲİɣ
Ȼʾ䣬ȴûеȻش𣬾˵֪ͨʮһ֮󣬳ִɱˣ
һɱˣ
ɱ֮ʵɣֹܵȻã粻Ҳǿȿȫˣ
׹ӵһͬǶڲֶȥɱˣɱ̸˷ͿԣһҪ¶ĺۼ
ͷǣȥš
ôż׹ӵʱŷף֪ɱֵ֪ĿῪʼĿɱ⣬ڴɱ֮ǰռγɷһ֪ͨ״̬ƽ졣ȵ֪֮ͨʮһ֮ǰɴɱ˲޶ȵķֹ
ǣ
⣬Ƹ¥ϷʵԭƻʼҰݷ
ǡ
ľȥһ˷ҳǡһݸһǧ£¶֮ĵһʱҪ۷֮ǰͽ·źãκεӡ
ǡ
׹ӻ߳⣬ǰһƬ֣ⷬɽۻȴǹ۵࣬Ȼʱ֮գҶЦս֮ʱ
ܲƬƬѩƮ
׹֣ؾģס˵һƬѩ˼ĳʵ˵ҶЦǱߣµѩˣ
ʼͬʱΪءӡߵı죬ҪǱ΢һЩ
׹Ƶ˵Ϊʲô߻һЩ
Ȼ
׹ӴʷǵͻأҡҪôش
ͬпʢģǱȴ¡ѩʲôΪʲô
׹ȻվѩУһѩףƺƮѩںΪһҪµĴսڼ䣬ҶЦΪʲôûڵһʱսʱʲô
ͷֵ飬ȻڲҲĪϢ
һʱһʱһξ֮žͲ̫ⱣˡҪ֮ڣ֪Ϊʲô׹ӵ˵һ䡣
ǣ
ˣ׹ӽһӦȫϡ
ʹȫĵѩ֮У׿Ȼֶƺ˼ʣһһû˹ϵֻǰѩ֮
վѩУǺ֪ÿһѩʱ򣬰׹ӵ鶼ܺãܻ䡣
һΣԾɺ졣
ֻǡоԼĹУƺһʲô飬ǣĳˣĳ˵ط֮ա

ҳ⡣
һʮˣо˴ӵһ̵ļһͺһҲǣٳҳǵĳš
Ϊ׵Ļ̼һһòʵˡ
˾ǰһĵһͷͼ߼ϣһа׻һͷ°ڣȻòɲԾ
ï֮ܵ䣬ȴмɫС߶
ȴǴͷϵǶñӣɫʺɫۣԺ¶ͷһ縰ףһ縺ڣһ縺죬һ࣬һϣһ縻ơ֮ɫ׳ʣУ
ǿϸģΪһͷȸҳǡ
һȴûо߱ȫ֮ܣնŸȸԴĿȸˡ
ۿҲһ̣һߺ졣
ˣ޲Ϊ֮Ŀ̾Ϊֹ
˾ȻԼװմմϲԾòˣ޲¶ӣǰ֮ʣǿ׶ֱֱյġ
·ڼʱȴǾһĭо̾ѣԲۡôһɵƣҪ˭̯һѣ϶ǲҪҪġ
аˣ
ȸˡΥа֮аһ˷ܣú˭ܽôңҶøͬһ۹̫ˬˣغ𡫡
࣬ͬеľŸͷȥһߡ
ѡгʵǵ˰˱Ѫùһ·ӣǽԼ˾ˣȻװɲʶĳˣŬʹڸУǸλүʲôء


˼ǴսЪȻ洦ǻڹ裬ͬĳƲ
ʤ˹ȻֵøˣֻҪһ뵽ôˣƽĶۣʤ㲻ϣۺϴҵ״ǲʤ
ǳųڶʵǶʱ޷ֲʧ
İѩһɺȣֱĵʵʵģɴ๹Өѩ׵ǽڣԶԶȥƽʵİ񣬽ӳȥ
ⳡѾµĴѩԾûֹЪټеѩڲ䡣
ʱԶ߾ͷһɫ£˳ƶٶȿþˣס
ֹΧȵѳա
ȻֻΧȻһΪȴʥԪƷųݳޣ
û취ھʵѷҾ󲿷ֶĿǰ״̬ϺΪ͵ľһ߶ͣȻҪûԸĹ
ȴûмĺʣһХ۹غ𡫡ȥ֪ͨҶЦҶ˵ӣѣа֮аȾغغ𣡡
߷ֳĸˣһĿŤתȥ
Ҳʶмɶˣ
гô˼ѡа֮а⼸˵ġҵү
а˵޽ˡ
ѵݣҲ˵ô˵ڵģ˼Ͽô˼ԭϿɣھʱټԸ
ҶЦűĳ˵ĵȴҲһ
Υа׹ӵ˺ûôˣĪа˺ͷƸ¥ھҪҿսɣ
иаƵ뷨ôͳأǴֵأ
ĳǲҵæӭȥ
ҶЦаԵǿ쳾ҲǰʮĻʵ̫ү
ǰ߲Ÿ治죬ɲµˣʵǷĲµģ
ҶЦ۾һȦȴûзаѯ
һѤõúҰһļһʱ¸´ЦǰϣҾ֪һ϶ϲøˣӵĳףͣ
һ̣Ŀⴥ˵֮˵ҶЦʱĿɿڴĿࡢƿԡ
ǰʰ쵣ͺ߳类ݺݵһּ˵߰ϵļһʱоͷ类׺䶥ããȻͷĿѣͷǡ
㡭ҶЦ죬ſڽ࣬ﻹݡ
˵ʵڵҶЦӣǺ򶨹޼ӵѬԼĥ֮£ѾȥԵĵһ塣ϲ𣬲ҴսѾܹҶЦݣ
ϵǷݵȻѾΪı־һ㡣
˿̣ǷݳöõĵȻ޲飬аһӾͻš
ίʵ̫ˣ޷άֵˣ
Ǳ׵òҪҪģ


370 ˮаֵ
аԱͬǾŸһݳŤ¸һ̾Ѳ֪˵ɶźˣһŤӣҶЦˣÿϣһ׺䶥֮ı顣
һ̡
ҶЦߵĳͻȻʧһ
Ǿ֮еΪߣ͵صɴ۾Ŀ۽ڳ
˶ӵĿУһ˲䶼ð˴شػ𻨡
㣿Ȼ㣡صĺһ
Ҳһߣֵԭǳ˵Ǿüˣû뵽ѻоñطһգ
Űۣˮôûпڽι䣬ȴԭͶаˣ˼ҹܼˣ⵹ǳԤ֮⣻רбۿ˵ˮȻҲµһա
ˣˮٺһЦӺĿӵĳڲҲһǱ׷һɥ֮ȮȻֱһСڻҪб֮£Ӳдٷ֣ˮȴȵϳഫ棡
Ȼŭһ֮ͽ֮ȴкʸ˵
ˮɫ䣺ƨ֪ܵı壬Ǽ˹ֵֵܷѵµĺ£
ݣŭ𣺡ô˵ʲô˻ˮĳ˼ҲˣػҪ˵ĵߵڰףǷǣ㡭Ĩɱ˵㻹𣿡
ˮб۾ų𣬵ҵȻڵģǲ֪ĳЩ˵ģǱˣǱǳءĳЩ˿ڱտ˵ĨɱƣʱĻ񣬴ԼûˣûĨɱˣĽЩĵˣƾӦˬȴãĹ˭ٺ٣ٺ١
𳹵׺Ƥ̤ţѾİѻ˵굽˭ɥģıˣ
ҶЦڵʮ˿һȻĿŵ޹˼ɵǴ۵Сۡ
զ£
òƶǲ𾳵۷ǿ߰ôֵأҲ̫˰ɣ
аΪ׵һǰݷҶЦ˫Ÿռ棬ʽûʼأҲа˸ɵƵҶЦһ·˼۾Ȼֻλ˵۷ǿߴڣ
аüˮʲôϽôˣ
ˮɫ֮һ˼ɫ֮һϻʵˮ׼ȴǲ칲أˮ׼аȻλߣ̫ݣҲΪҵ
ҶЦǱҲ𣺡ôˣôˣʲôλǵɫ֮еˮɣҾ㲻ԼˣҲʶһôһôĽţڲڰ
˺ߣ߳Ǹ޳ܣ壬壬޳Сˣ
ǱߵˮаҲͨ죬ߺʹǸϲݵľǳ𣬵ǸһòȻһеŮ潣רſӺֵܣ¹ޣ˹ĵİ࣡
ҶЦаһ𣺡
ҶЦüģЩͷʹһǽ˵λ۷ǿǸӣҲ̫ˣȥдĴɣ
治ҶЦΣ۷ǿߣͬɫˣôɫڵı˴˶Կһƪ桪֮䲻ò˵Ķ
סȱ޳СʲôʸãŭδϢ۾ˣ̧ãҲ඾ҩ
ˮҽȥҶýȥڵĵطֻĿȾۻ࣡ҽȥжأ治֪ĴҶôϹ۾㣬ȻҽѾǼޣô
ô㣡ĦȭƵľͳ
ӵ㣬ˮצĶԳ塣
˼æ֣аһ˿Ϊ˰ݷöҪھĴſݱɴ֣ǿɾֳЦ
аһͷߣˣǾͲȥˣ죻ҶЦʵҴҲû£˵ͦţģǻ˹ȴĵӣҪǲһȶپƣʵǴʧǲ
ҶЦüͷһߣҺȾⲻʲô˵ҲͬǣҲòŴӰɡֱֱˡ
ɣаٺһЦĶ˶Լһ̵װת˸ȦԹΡ
ƨҲҲ̣ʣҶЦզһ㣬ΪһͷҰɽ쳾ء
аĵ˵ǸУ㶮ƨ
ҶЦа״ƨĥĵڣǱȴжսнһӣ·ȻѹüʵĻѩӦַ𣬲˲Ϣ֮͹һ
ѩΪѩΪǽȴů紺
ưӣ߰е롣
ųȴĿаһЦȻǽȰ
ţĲ
ҶЦһЦ޲
˱˴һЦƺȫȻûע⵽һֻһ㻢ĳˮ԰ѱ۽ѩ֮С
ߣһ߽ȥ
ߣˮҲһ߽ȥ
߷ֱ䶨
Ȼ蹫ӲϽȥפСǾһ٣Ҳֱ𡣡ҶЦЦЦ˼ڱѩأȴҲһȤ
аԲ
˺˼裬Ĺ˼ûӪĿ׻ҶЦĪЦЦһصصӽʢװȻʲôɣ
аЦҲܻ䣬ֱҴǷ˼Ҹ֮ǰ߶棬һ飬˷˳֮¡
ҶЦٺһЦţԭ߶桭Цʹֳһ㶯ԾɲڣһΪһλҵĺֵܺѺ֪ԭȻֻ˳·ɣô˵ҺһپƣҲ˵˵ѵİɣ
аٺһЦҶ˵ﻰûмҸͷҲȾ̸˵أ´һʮ֮£úúõĸһף
ҶЦҲǺǺһЦͽ˶ѣûбˣҪûģͷԸϾˣǺȾֻǺȾƣɾֻɣûˣ
аѵһ죬ȻȾ϶򣬲⻹ȷе飬Լˣѣʲô˵
ҶЦֿ˿ֱ˵ǡ
Ȼ˾ֻú½Եһ棬˴˸о治ҶЦȴ֪аԲܺԼΪѡ
аΪȻ˵Щŵȴǰ֮Ȼѡ˰׳Ϊѣһ׳עҶЦཻ֮а׹Ӻм䣬Ǿûཻܷ
һ޷ԽĹؿ
ʵҶЦУҲаУ˴˶֪
˺ȾƨĹ޷˵Ϻ޽ٵཻ֪ȴǾ޿ܣ
ţʵˣаòƻЩ޷ݣһ£૵ҼǼٺ٣˵ǴθǸɶפյ֮󡭡һۺòˣŮмܹܵǸӵջ󡭡
ҶЦ豭Ŷ
аӣµʱٶͷһ۸һۣչ˵Ҷ֣˵òصֵܳᣬ㼴һʣҵʱǾͰҪĶ㰡զͲ˵ǸɶҼءǲ֪Դӱ֪ʼĩ֮⼸һֱˮ֮ѽ
ҶЦһЦȴǸ˭ɲҪ˵ɶʱҪĶˣ
а۾һһߵĵ˼ֵܣż첻ͽ˼Ǹ˭ɻǵõҶĽǿ˼ҵıʲô㣬ڷǰɣ
˾˾ı뺧ȻԺɷ֮𾫣ΪɵվΪҶЦһбк̨ҹӣȻ֪ҶЦʱΪȴǲ٣ԽԼԭҶЦ֮Ĺϵʼմһɻ󣬶˼ʾĳ˵ƣֱ֪˺ܲһʲôʲôʲôҲƣ
ҶЦȴǱĳаĺƤˣٿ˵񣬾ǾԼʲôʲôʲôƵģȫĴﵽĲڣæֱģô˵ʲôأ֮ԸҽΪҸټľ
ţ
ȫ̾ȻȻڳ·һ·ѻͷ
ҶЦʱԼԻе壬ȻԼ˵ԭûë˵ĶУ⻰ȫһĺˣݣôʲôʲôʲô
ҶЦһſʱˣܻаôԼ˵Ӱ׳ǻ쵰ƶ񵤣ǲðټգӽĳǲӻرܵ٣ǽǲѾӵģ㡢׳Ѿͷôĵ񵤣һŸӶı꣬ѾľȻ˼ڰ˵ӷˣ
аڨڨҲû˵İճǻᣬȷʵһʰһ;˳ۣ˵ʲôˡ
ҶЦҲеɵۣǰаòҲû˵ɶԼô
аֵҶ֣ȷʵ˲鵤ɼе鵤׳ĹˣûָҼźôѾͷͷ鵤Ҷ࣬Ƶҩ֮ʱҪĶõģа㻯ٵĽ˵ˣҲŷ˶鵤
ҶЦɫԾɲÿ߸ƨĿ࣬еҰ׳ȥһ˺ֵܣռ˱ˣ㵽Ҳĥʲôأ
˵⻰߽ҶЦ˳ֽ뻳ǺһЦ㿴ߵˣʹҪǶúúõһºԺˣûء
аһᣬŭվ˵ۣ߶ĶܵǳˣҪʲôǱҪ߲õ񵤵£Һѽⲻûô
ҶЦٺһЦ˺ˣ㻹˵Ҫٰɣ
аĿһһٿŵפյͲˣҪٶã
ҶЦŭ㵱ӵ鵤ǴײأٶãûУ
аСİҪһٿŰ࡭
ѾҪôʨӴſڣŲһҲ㣡ҶЦ
𡭡аסҶЦ䣺ʮţʮš
Ѿ˻ôҶЦҪߡ
ʮ˰ɡ

ʮĲ˰
ûУ
ʮ壬磬״绹𣿡
˻һҲûˣϽ̫жԶѾľ͸ҹԶ
ʮţֵܣôôգ
ŻôһŶûУϽȥ
ּ֮ۻۣȴ˶Ŀɿڴ
һǾ֮һа֮
һﶼ˵޽صĴôӣ
ôأ
ǰһĻĻǱȣʵ̫۾ˣ
⡭⻹
ֱһŴ˵޴ҪǵС
һֱаһˤ˰˱飺˰ˣֻҪʮźˣˣһȥɾˣ
ҶЦŭʮţôôţ㶼¾ɶ
аֵؽеȻûôŮ˵ġڵɲŲҪפյҸҲŵġЩŮˣڣһҲǲ𰡡үҶүҪңŶⱲӾסﲻˡҾ͵㴲ȥϢ㲻ҺùҲùһȥҲһ㵱汳ˡ
ҶЦ°ͣаһߵɫһת
⡭һܵĻᰡ
һ⸱Уһͷ׵ķ򰡡
׹ĳǿģ˼ֵشԴֲʱ򣬱Ϊ⣬ΪޣҪǲݺݵϼò˵ȥɣ
νͲȡ̣
ҶЦ˾ƣ᳦ģΪ֮ߣǣΪүôҲǳϹϵС鵹Ҳǲġ
аĿʱһȻļȴҲ˲ˡ
Ȼ˹Ҿ͸˵ʵˣҪ󵤵ĻĪ˵ʮšһٿҲУҶЦҡͷβͻΡ
㡭аأһ磺ղŻ˵ûС
ҶЦڣҪǴ㹷ȫһĻһҲûеġ
ҶЦݺܵͼ¶ţ


371 פյԹŭ
аĿɿڴκ˿ĭ˻ȥЩץûҪƼҩУƽİɾǷˣƸ׳Ǽһһ·Ļɫ׸ң治Ҫզ˵أ˵ҪǮҲʡô㵱Ӳ֪ߵ´º𣿻֮ߣв
˵ɶҶЦɫһ࣬ʱÿ
ҡû˵ɶҾ᳦̾ģΪ֮ߣ̾Ϊֹɽֹǻ˵£鵤㿪۾ǣҶģɫҲһ䣬ڰ֮ʣڳˣĵֱˮ
ԭڣҲǿôϬ𣿣
治а̫֮Եˣ
ȻҲ˵ҵ鵤УôǮʲôģͱóˡҶЦٺһЦ˵רõԪʯҵҪٰʮģûɣ
аŭʲôû⣬ôû⣬֪ʯжϡ𣿻ٰʮզ˼˵أǻרãֲǻԱЩҪھɱҵˣҲˡ
ҶЦͷôأûЩûн׳룬һɢʧܣģڲڡ
аʱûƢһ
ǰ˼ҿԼǾǽʧܣŻˣĵĹȻ޼ͣĹģ
һ̣ޱȺԼ
ϴλ֮аҲǺջģȻ׹ȡ鵤ȴǷŶ񵤣ԼŵƼľתĵʵ̫˷ܣһξƺ󣬶ԼĽ˺ڣѰƷפյֵഺʱ޵úܣһԵɺ֮µüƼĳƷפյȥ֮󣬵ഺפղģ
Ůˣȴ˭᲻ҩ֮ģҽȻΪĶ׷ʡ
ȶһʱûסԼ죬ѿھ͵ǵüĲˣͶԵһʣ´лʱŪžǣ
аҲû뵽˳ĻΪԼ˶鷳
Ȼܸˣȴʾɣģ
ϾǵƼҩں쳾ҲǺĵƷοǵƼפյȻÿһŮ˶Ҫõ£ʵ̫ҽеλб̬ȵĳҹ㣬ǷֵصģȻţ
Ȼģʱа˵Ҹ˵ҸҽɺˣҪң׳ǻ쵰ŮܳԵǵλƷ
һҽҹʵʱһ㼴ʮȥҰ׳ˡȷ֮󣬽ȴǴ˷ˣ
ŮԵɺϵõšȷʵǶܰλҽǰȷʵǴӡ
׹Ӻεˣһ鱩¶β֪Ǹ鷳ȷʱԼƲ˹ϵ밡Ҹҽֲ죬а㹻ƾѾͷܳԵȺö㶼֪ŮĿУҽȻڵһڶаҲŵ
һϯһ֮Կ֮⣬Ļʵҽ֪ƣϾܹƳ񵤵ĵʦضǼ˸ߴϣҪҪٵ׹үĸ߶֮ύǰ׳Ů˵׻Ůλ̫ԶȻ׹ҽ죬ǾͿ϶а֣
аŪаĽԽʵڹغ̫׷һ䡣
ǵȻ뻹֪ǲҽһ棬Ͷˣǽ͸ҽˣ
׹۾Ҳգһ¾ͰԼֵܳˣҾô˵ɣ֮£ǻһܸ㵽ƼפյǸ˾ֻܵܣа
аĽ˲͸ˣ뿪ͷа
˵ԴаפյֻϧʱҶЦں½аǰѹΪǰѾǴԪ൱ʱھ޿ȥһΣɸΪֻ֮øӡ
ҽҲǲˣȻļҲ״ͬλ棬вá
˰֮аĸˣа˵ܸ㵽Ƽפյ𣿡
аʱ;òһͷ乶Գ磬ݻ٣ֻڨڨӦǡһϢ͵Ϊֹɣɱˡ
Ǵ鷳ˡ
Ȼ󡭡
쿪ʼͻȻаǰһĶмӣʲôóԵģģõģĺöһĴ衭
Ȼ󡭡Ȼǿʼ߱ϽŪ鵤Ƽפյ̫ˣӳһ̶ȴˣڶֵȲ
ʼֻһĴߴ٣֮ʱߴֱһоλĸһΧаҪҩ
ɵǣһĻаһײˣ
֮õӴԺͿ˰յģʽ
Լĸף㣬ľŸӣԼİ˸šϹʮŸŮˣ
ʮŸаǲŮˣʩѹѹֹѹɽ
Ӧһ͵ôӦˣһ٣֮Լٵø㵽ʮſŵƼפյ
ǡЩ֮⣬˸ԼҪģĳĳħŮ
ֶʮŵפյаҲҴģԼϵĵһʱ䣬ԻᱻøɸɾһŶ
ʱаһֱҶЦ֣ҶЦٳûϢаҲʾ⣬Ͼ֮ʱҶЦԪһֻ϶򲻹Ҫ죬û겻ָ
ڲ֮ǰЦͷһ˳ȥаϲѶǰʱսʵڳϾ
ȵа˹Ƹ¥ս֮ҶЦȴҲս½
Ǹʱ򣬵ǸˣǾͲ˼Ҫҩ
ӲûֱԮ֣ս֣а˾Ǹ֮֮ʼ춥֮ĲģҶЦʵʵбϵĲͬóȻ֣óȻ룬ɷЧ̬ʣ
ֻܱȴȴҪһ·ģΨͻȻҶЦϢò׵ȵҶЦһյʤϢаȻʱȲɱ˹
ѱϣϽìͷҪнĵפյһ£аҶЦǲʦʼǴСطŷּʶ޵úܣֻҪԼûһ˵һңٶ鵤Ҳ֣˵ˣҶЦ񵤶ǳƣƼ鵤ڱģһ󣬵ҶЦ⣬ֻҪĹϣĲʲôƶж϶ϲֶأ
ҶЦβаҲµʱ˹
Ҷ֣ԼˣҸ˵ʵԪʯûСаø˵ԪʯǹרõĵƷÿһĳһô顭¾Ǽλ̫үǵۻĴ裬״ҲֲġҶ֣ûа
аһߣ֪ҶǲǿԸ߸֣ҿñĺö
ҶЦüëģö
Եĺöаʹͷ
ȻֵҲ˵ԼˣǾͰһжŵ̨ϣĵرҲҪҶЦڣԼ֮ǰͻأʽ̤񹦵Ĳ㣬ҩɽҲ֮ٽ㣬ޱ޼ʵģȺ쳾еҪߣӺУҩķ಻ǲҪΡ
Ըϡн塢иֱΪ׳Ļһ⽻׵ġҶЦٺһЦҶ֮ʱ͸ҵұǸķôҲܻŵפյģ
аһһ۵ıҶ治޽߰мҲ̫˰ɣҽͬһķܻŵפյҲôһʵûԻһͬķˣ
ҶЦһҿ۾ˣûеطԻ£У㲻ΪҵĵפյǴײ˰ɣӹ󣬴ȥĵطԻҲġ
һզ˼ôأа׼ƣ˵ģĽҵıأզ
ҶЦ˸ۣΪԨԴŸᣬð׹ԣƾһŶûеģ
а̾ϢĥӲݡ
ҶЦǲɿڣаֻͿԼĴװһؼ汸ޱ£Լ֮֮⣬κβݣҶЦڵͷ
µҲˣȴǵ͵컻ܵƷֲ˲֮컯Ȼ٣ֻҪһԪδΣκβΪý飬һȫͬȬ֮ΪҲ̫࣬˵ǲҩ˲ҩɽҲûֲϡ
ãҲܻʮŵפյҶЦһ£뿪ҳǵʱþˣʵפյһ˷һԣôҲûá
аͬ˪˵ӣ֪ˡ
ӿǿˣ
Լôʣͻ˶ʮפյǵƼﻹֲ۲ĵҩ
аԼµһŴɵơ
û취ŮǾҪ
ԼҪлȡȴòȥаұ֤ԼҪҪң
ȻͿ˿ڴǣаҲһ
ˣһŵĸ࡭
͵Ʋˡ
֣νһǮһֻʲôʲôǮƼ鵤澺ĴܹüţȻˣǿϾУϴĴĸҽ׵ĻҶЦаصЦЦҿԲۿ۵Ľ׸һٿţҲƷ֣Ƕ񵤡פյתĵû⡣
аŭ붼룡
ҶЦЦ˿Ϊ衣
ȷʵǲΪģа·ȻͬСһ㣬ҶЦظо·̵ǿԶԣֻҪ·Բ۷ǿߣҲڶʱȷݡ
Ҹѹױ֮һǵƼ鵤ҲаžƣŰۡ
˵һδֵ̹ļҶЦ֮ǰһֱˣ֪֪󣡣
аٺһЦ֪׳Сһ㣬룬ľ壬ǧǱһʧ˳ϲҡ
ҶЦλа蹫ȴң͵ĺᡣ
ңͣҶЦʧԺеʱֳλң͵ϣһͨ͸֮ʣǵһ
ʮǰƲϱս˫˫Ⱥ۲巽۰ӵȺףж巽ҶԽɢ֮ǿ𣬲е󼫷ǿߣ󼫷ǿ֮⣬Ҳûмĳǿߣͺñλңͣ
ң͵ʵ˵֪һλܵɽˮ֮䣬м׵ȨǣһҲΪλʵʵ̫ǿᣬֵˣһ⣬ȫˣ
˵Ǻ쳾κκ˲ܺ಻Һӵǿڡ
ֹڴˣңʹ־һʵ׿ľǿ߶ѣȻ˾Ƕ۵İ˰֮۷Ϊһֲң
죬ҲΪһң𡯵ĳƺԡϡ֮
ǱߣĳҲһңɡĳν
ӵһܣ˵֮˭˸ǣ
аλĶӡ
ڳ˵ʱˮ̧ͷݺݵضų
ʵҶЦа˵ķӦ֣ȴҲ֪ʵڲѯµʵʱǹʹҶ
ɣԭøΪǢгˮʱ׼ɱڲ࣬ʲôҲûˣаƵǣϾҪǰ߶ҶЦҲûǿֻӭĿа˲Զλˮʱط߷߻ͷɱȻ
ϳ࣬ô¶㲻˵ɫ༸ȫ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ŭӿߣǼһﲻһСˣһ
ҶЦһ׷һ䣺ϻǰصʼĩ˵һɣҳʶ֪֪׺νɣ
꣬ɫȻֻΪԵʻ֮»ţ˴ϵȴǲ칲أҺˮУĸǽֵܣϵȻҪȸ׽ࡣ
߸һֶԵеʱ򣬻ԵɺϵõһŲرͼűͼ˵һ۷Ĳر֮ءﲻд۱˵ĴУؼ챦
۱һȴӴ䲻Ųرͼ˵޼֮
֮ҵ˱ԼѰھ˳ʮµϸѰ֮˲رص㣬߸һǰȴ֡ر֮أѾȡˡ
ʱɫʵ൱ֵΪţȻԲرͼһֱͱУƫƫر֮ر򿪵ۼһУǷʮ֮䡭
֮ȡ߱صˣʮа˾ž֮һʱĪ˵ˣ֮䣬Ҳɡʮʱ䵽ײһʱգĸҲеľһĲףʮʱ䣬ôܵ泯Ϧһÿ˶иԵҪģ
ҲǴʱʼɫ߸ˣʽķֵ𣻳˷Ȼȥ֮⣻֮䣬Ҳǲڧ
һңԵˮӻһ˱£ǻ˱¿Ʒ֮ǰǰδģԻ
Ƕ˲ɻҪȥˮѯ֮ʣȴˮͻȴѾţ˵ҳǰȡ˱ء˫ִһʣһԲ֮´֡
𳤳̾Ϣһսȴİܾˡɫ֮еĽֵ꣬ҲӴɢ긶ʹ˸
ô֪̽һܵõϢָˮɾԽԽ󣬶ˮҵĺ⣬ҲԽԽ
Ȼĵͷһֱߵ죬˴ȴѾȥˮݵĵز
״ټˮ߷ߵ˵飬¼ҹˣҪ˵
ȱż¶ۣ㲻飬ѵͲǹ¼ҹ𣿡ҶЦϣཻһ㲢ûǼ¡ΪҪˣΪõڻῨôã֮ʣҲ֮д챦֣ԲزؽһЩѻǵµģ׼
ŭ˵ҲŶ೤ʱ䣬Ȼһ㣡ˮ֪ҵĴȴȫȻ޶ã߸ǹװͿıСˣ˽̱֮˲˭
ҶЦ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ãˮķŭװģӲ׽ӡ
˼ʳ˷ŭκʲôҲȥģҶЦɴʣ½˵Ŀ࣬̾˿ϣЩʱ򡭡ʹҲδؾʵοֻǲ²⡭УδûڣҪģ侲
з߷֮ɫǿһ侲ġ
ҶЦһ֪ǷܣȴҲûٶ˵ʲô
ϾۻĽᣬƾԼ֮ܽĻǻ
ߣǻǵԻָΪΪһȡ
ԲľôǾʱѾԶˡڿǾĵһ֣ʱ֮ʱ״̬Ȼȫȴǲ
ҶЦ˵
ŶԷʱ򡭡־ǹʱˡҶЦĿԶ
жڹǰûп־壬Щ˷ܡ

֮⣡
һ졣
һⱻݺݵˤ飡
һɫ漸ڵݾҧ飡
ǰǱ˵ĺˣ˼ѻ˹ȥλǿ˴壬һ죬ŵȵԮͻ˹ܲ˾ֻü˵һ仰㼴Բѣ²֪
ӡ˴γȫûӡ⡭
⼸֣Դһһľϵ
ȫû
⣡
ʲô˼
治ɵȻ֪⻰˼ʵ˵˴γϮĴ˺ֻʣ°Ż֮⣬֣ˣ
ˣĴգ˴ʮԼίѹǿߣȫһۣ
ҲζŹ޽սһս֮У˳ɣ
ЩɶıѪ
β
ð֮ͻ쳤Х
ҶЦұɱ㣡
󣡡


372 ٻȡ߹ٺ»ɱ
˼ʵŭǾκˣϯ
ã׼ٹȫս߾ȫƴ۸ҪǾҶЦ˳Ƥдң
ҶЦĲ²һ
Щб¶ϵʵֻһ۷Ҳʵ֮еһСֶѣÿһȻֲ׶õĵ
νġáǹĵƣͬʱе߲ս
ʵνãһֻþŸˣ
ȻŸˣóһȴҲ𶯽µĴ
һ򵥵ĶԱȣҶЦ֮ǰĻЩһǰֻһ涼߲͵δͻ֮ǰĳʮ꾭飬֮޽ӽ𾳣ȻϼģҲͶ߼ѣ
Щ˵ʵǿɾɲ

Լʮʱ䣬ָ
аԼ޵ĵڶ죬Ȼֻõҩ֮󣬼ʱͣǶȥ
һʧٵĻλ棬Ƕһжȴû֪ǵȥʲôǲ֪٣֪ȥ
ʮ컺ʱڶԱƣѾָȫһʵҲָ߰˳ɡ
һս֮󣬾Ҵ֮˳ܴ˷սϴľ֮㣬ͨʮ컺Ȭ޸󸴣ʵ൱ȵľݾ̿Գܾã֮һۣȻأͷٲһսǵû˥࣬⻹ɱ
Ǳ߹Ȼŭޱȣֺγñ
˫˴˾Ҳ޷⿪Ѫ
ֻҪĳһ̼˫㽫սݣ
һ졣
ܲͻȻһɧңһ򾢱Ϣڶʱڴ£
ܹ֮һˣڹܲɱȻȻعȴƳأ
Ŀߵ鱨ܣ̿һϮ棬һѽĸо
ȴڽ̿͵ìͷָ˾ִ𽣲꣡
һ֤ݣϮһ˲䣬𾪵Ľһ꣡㡭Ϊ
̿һ֮ȫˣڤڤ
ʼգû˵֣û˵һ仰
ȫ裬ȥ磬ײβһ֣๦ǲ๦ߣ
˵۷̿ͷɣ
һУȫˡ
һУԶǧ
³֮󣬹ιֱ߷ӣ
ԴδǷݳ챩ŭĿ֮ˣ޲Ϊ֮ëȻ
ҶЦΪֻɱѵҾͲᣡ
һ̵浱嶷ţŭ

δɱⲻģɱ߸Ӳǲ꣡˵
˴ξ߲ߣ˼΢һϡ
˪ºһһңԴӵξָ˹ǽӤ
ģǳ𣬻꣬н䡢֮е
ҶЦθֻ߲ʮˣȴǾϵĸ߲㣡
ҶЦĶ棬ϣ𵶵ضһͨϾľ޴̫ʦϣھ޴滹о󣬲ϵɫƣҶЦλø˵ĸоߺܰէȥǸ߸ϵľеӸ£ĸо
רõһ̨ӣ´ߣ߳ɣԽԽƽΨβԳ
ҶЦһ۾ᱱ൱Ŀռ䡣
μӻˣȫ棬ҶЦʱһ̧ͷӣȴǿǴƮ֮Уƶ֮С
һ־ԵȨ
ɴߣϸ£ɭƶȣȻߺ͹ѣһҪ߸ϣ򣬺£
ǳ𣬻˵Ĺ֪ͬ
Դһ֮ҶЦھĵλѾγ˾񻰣
Ȼ񻰣ôٲ׽ӽ
ɣ˽֪ɣ˾η˭ļɣ
Ψأ׽͸Īϣ
ϴ˴α¶ĵʵ̫ˣӽһҪӵĽСģСʻ괬ǻ
һ㣬õ˾˵ͬ
˴λʰ֮󣬵һʽáҶЦ߸ϣƣһԲֻԼ
ֻܹ飬Ҳ˹ͬѡ
ȻĳЩ棬һǷȱʼһŵߣһ˵λһһΪߵĳ𣬻Ϊһɽ֮нȲ
Щһһһǹ˾
ɱȻǵڸ΢ͷ飬ĿĲǼӴٶս˿ɽۻ֮֮࣬
ֻλãɫȻȻɽһıĿ⣬ͬѩɽϹ硣
ǿ𡢻нˣڽӴ˼ĿʱҲоһı
νĲǡ֣
Ȼʸ򣬿Բ֮սȴֶ಻ʤ˵ֻҪսÿһͼġ
˼·һֵܻᡢƸ¥ǰչаˣҶҾҲôЩǿƺԶȴδزֹ򡭡磬巽۵Ĺٷʱ㼫Ϊ΢֮Ҷ֣ͬʱҲζŵҶԵġ֮ʱ٣巽л޽һȶôЩɿĶҲһ壬֮С
ֻûһεĴɱҲã֮䣬ȥ˲ݵĵزٶսһʱ⣡
ʼմֶȱı׶ˣǰδսҷȻʤȴǲʤְٲһάЩѣ۹Ǳߴ۹ȻȫûȻʼջǼҴҵ󣬵תȫȻݣҪڶʱڷһĹƣȴҲδ֮ǣԾ͵ǰ˫״ԣҪĨɱԷҲãԼʱ
ȻһεĴɱȴ׼ߣԼʱжĽճ̣
˴αɱˣй֮һΪԸȻ˼ϸ壬µˮ©һɶù͵˲ţǷŵ£Ҳƥ⣬˻谮һˣǵһıʿιӵŮˣ
ô˵˾͵Ϻݺݵزһ
ˣ˵Ǵĸ֣ǳ׵ĲݣԴʵǶȼ档
һҽ͵컻գν򣬸һûʵζΪôǶѾʹʮٱԾֻһȴõù󡢸ûʣ
ܹҵ׼㣻ʱʱ˾ȷҴͷβȫκѰĪ˵ǲȥ壬ǳ壬Ƕ޴ӱ粵
֮˴δɱֻӲԵĶΪΪ
εıˣ״ȶĲûľܹڵǰʱ򣬾׼һġ޽ؽ緶ڣ־ֻ˿
ˣ̲סһ䡣
һһϹǸһֳֵܻʮҵֵ֣ܻ֮ͨң
һ֣ҶǷ׷׵ͷ
Ϲʵǻսȷʵɶѡ
һӹɡ
һˣǷƸ¥֮׳׹ӣ˾ƽһɵȻƺ½ԲڻȻȻ᲻֣һ֣ʯ쾪ټ󣡡
һ˿ļɵ
׹֪ԣǾһڸ߸ϵ޵д˵ɵĴڣ
򣬰׹ӷƸ¥ʹѾȥôãʼôģĪ˵ǣ̸ңƸ¥֣ʲôʱǴʲô˵һݡ
⣬ҶЦ˸׹ں½¼һֲݴ½ƣ£Ū˥ɰܣ̫̫ͼҵʷתĻڲ֮£̡
к쳾졣
׹ӹһŶ೤ʱ䣿
Ǵ޵УȻתʵѾΪ޽׵׵ĳصƣԿһ֧ɷ·Ƶǿ
׹˽ֵȴµĵطֻҪ׹ӳ֣Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬밴ԤƺõĲȥ
ڣԴ˱̵¡
̿ͱǲֻ꣬ǲ꣬κ˵ǣԷϣûãû壡
޿ģ
ʵǰҶҶҾ˥串𣬹Ϲ׹һ֣Ȼβ֣ȴ֮ҶʮسòҶͷʧȥ˹
ʹֽ֮Ҷ˲ԮҶԽԽ뽭Ҫﵽ֮ǰƣڶʱǲܵˡ
һ˵ô࣬˶ǰͷ
߶εڴ֮Ҷ³֣
մҶЦ̽ӳҶѪϢǷݻ裬ǷһƣϯµͷϾѾѹʮĺ飬ǲƣ
Ȼðƶ˹ҶĵɳһʧĹڰ׹ϹһЩֽȫȻʰ֮ҸԸִ֧֮ҶһȻΪҶԨԴ಻֮⣬δ֮
λ߲ɵĿº
ҶЦ棬ķͷ
ڽյĻ飬ûиκʾһУȫԼڲֻУԼ˼Ľۡ
ЩۣҶЦһ޶˾ųϡ
ҿԶԣδɱĻֱȻ֮һϹĴֶȻΪϬȴһԱֲʹɱ֣㲻֮ˣһڱĹϹδػʱ˾֣һ̬ع⣬濪Ὣֵܻսֵ֣ܻλʹ˲棬ɥʧеĸ
ϹҸһˡƸ¥İ׳׹ӣ
Դ˵Ϊ㷴ƵĻµԴ㣬Ǿ¶ƥй֮󣬰׹ӲŻȰšôҪʲô뷭Ƹ¥Ȼжԣ˵ĵˣȴҲδزǵˣ
ߣԵĵˣѲڹһһΣԶԶڹĵ˴ڣƸ¥
ĵˣǲһǾ춯أһսʤ
ԣڽʱ䣬Ҫô֣ôӦˣҪССģܵϸ滮顣Եˣη壬սսɱɱȻһıҵʱȴҪԴ
ڶֶһʵֻ»Ҫڹ֮ϵķƸ¥ôӦΣ
һĿǰͷʹ顣ΪҪһˣͱҪ㹻ĵƺͺ֡
ԹıŭϮʹȫӦҪܲӦȫٶһˣǰϼӽԡ
ü
£ʹʣ̬˵Ծɸо޲ߡ
ʱھδıԲ֣û㹻ʵʩȣһԾȻ
ʱ򣬴ҶʶؽĿ⿴ҶЦ
Ϊ˲ܵרҵû᳦Ϊ֮ߵЦ֮ҽҶЦ
ĳò˼ȫȻһƬ֮󣬵Ȼ𣬵սһҪսģôսȴһ⡣Ҫôɽѹݿ֮ƶԸҾ󣻵ΪʲôҪ˳⣬Ļ᣿
ͺ֮ǰǴξսαҪԶԷóķʽսΣսģʽ޶ȵѹսΧսѹսҶЦЦЦһһˣȴҺΣٶ֣ܹ𣿡
һ֮࣬ڿһʵؽеƣ
˲ʱɣЦ
ҶЦ˵Ӧ԰취˵֮£Ͱ۵ڣȫ޷ƣ
쳾죬ֻоһݶ
Ϊã
ѾҶЦùһ㣬ֻҪһսô֮ǣ
ǧȴҲ϶Ϲõķ
һ㣬˫߶ϵõ֤
˵֣ҪһҾͳȥ棻ȥţ
ʵڵȲҲԳԹԡ
̵Ƕֵʱãνվ֮ı֤
ȻҲᱻڸΪʼղͬڹ߷Ƹ¥һΪ㿿ɽ˵ĲӲƥеϮĪչԼǿõ޴ʹǿʩѰգ
֮ǰԱĴ𷴶ƣȻռ޵ģǧ˱ѾǼޣ
ĿĿǰľ˵ȴ̫㹻
ȫԱȫһҲֻǧͷѣ
սʱܵʹΪԾɲ˿ĵġҶЦܵΪ
һεĴսѾλ˾ӣô
ҶЦһ󣬾ֻϵսǾ󼸺ȫûǽֻۣΣ֮ʱ̾޶ȵԼΪȭͷǵͬʱҲǿԶã
˵գҶЦԶȥ
Ĭһ£ɢ˰ɡ
һжѾ˵λˣ˵ȴ׸ԡ
˪ºҶЦȥ
ֻʣµˣƱɵһ㣬˴ӣԣ
ͷ亹нɫͨѪȺȾƹ䵹ޱ飬ػֻ֮ȴǲԾĶǺݣƽĴݣĿԼĳѵֹϢıΪͣͷ¶Ŀǰң
ҶЦղһ仰ν޴󣬽֮ƾէһ
ҶЦղ˵ɣȫȻûе¶
仰кȴǴ˼㡣
ǽֻۣΣ
֪仰нУ˺εȿֲľκˣ
ֹ˰ΣƽľЦЦϳ࣬λŴѾϸղϯ˰ɣ
Ĭĵͷ
վЩĿǳ˵Ŀڲ¶һ㣬Ͱ𾪵ˣ΢ЦţɫȴһǺΪͷǰǵ˷ܻ£ۣ
Ӧ˵˴û޽һеʧ޽֮սԹֵܻᣬǷƸ¥Ծ˵ֻֻѣ
ԶԶǵʵĿ꣡¶һѪЦݡ
ֵǣЩ˶ǽɢޣҪıһ֮·šȻΪж˭ʷ˭뿪һǧҵ˭겻ࣿ˭Ū쳾ƣ
֮ǰȷû·ӣҪƴȡҲȫ·񣬾ȴָһ·һȵ컹ѵĵ·
ȷʵǱȵ컹ѵǰ·ȴǰ޹
巽ۿԵٴ֮λΪʲôܣ˾δǵĽɽ
ֻҪֵղôǧ֮ҵһֵһݣ
صңˣ
ˣ
нֻоѪҺһ̷
곤һЦһҡҡͷ˵ڲף˵ΪʲôὫֽȡˣԭΪĴºЦô
˾˵ʱ˵ǾˣÿһˣŹĺǾԭ⾹ˣ
ԭˣ
Ŀ¶⣬ȴǿѹеļһ㣬һ뵽˾ΪʲôҪеλ֮бνλã
ԭһֱûܹõλ⣬㣡
ⷬһ캶ҡ
ʱҶЦ˵ĻȻѾȥʱգһȴڶ߻죬
λãϣӹ£ֻҪб£κһְλֻһ˵Ļ򣬵һ죬ΪﵽˣﵽˣȻԾ֮λ֮λ֮λ֮λ
ж粽һð˾⡣
ΪһֱڣҲʶЩνĺ
ʲô
ǽܹȫôλã⻹ô
ν˳¡˼ҲǸ˼ˣ
ھΪʲôŹ齭ȫǾ
쳾ж
òûһ
еˣҪ˵ڵϸ߲㣬ֻʮõ֣Ҳһһĸ߽׾ɫǽ˴£ǳȥ֮Ǹʲôλã
٣ص˵ҲǷ⽮
ˣǾȴʲô
ٻȡ߹ٺ»ɱ
΢ЦţƵ˵ôһ䡣
һʱ䣬˵۾ˣ
ڱڹ󣬷Ƹ¥˵£ܹĵδкܶࡣΪ˵Ĺ͵ͬ쳾йٷǿߵжԡ
ھȴһ
Ϊá
ֻС᲻ɴݣȻΪƾֻǱԲΨõȴǿƵģ쵱ǿߵ
һһ൱ü꣡
ٶȣγɲϼӿƵʣ
൱ⲿѹ統ǰĹߣܴŴŴһ򣬴򲻹ˣͷصȫȻİȣ֮ùˣԳȥսһŭǿУ˵ĿݵУнףο
ֻҪģڲõδӾ߳ȥĲ۷ǿߣعƣҲǧϣΪǰľˣΪ͵ҲʥԪ߽ˮ׼Ҳɱ֤ڴЩһģʱȻܹȥߵĲΣ
˿ԤڵǿʵֻҪһزƷۣȴкѣ
Ȿ붼飬ھȻȻǰҲڲ֮󣬾֣ܵܲ裿
λҪϽλãΪϵľ¶һ΢Цֻƾڡǵ㲻ϲΪǿ϶ǲģŲɡ
ЩӵһƵҪձ˸
ȻһЦ֪ô룬Ϸǿ϶ԸĲԡϷȥȥˡ
˵գһתʱߵӰ١ٶȣ˵ޱ֮졣

ඥ㶼һߵӰ١
һ̣оʱĽˣ
˵仰ŸƨĹ򣬶пܱ׷
ھʥءţأһָһɲһ˲ĵǶݳ޵ģɳܵģ⵽ģ

ҶЦ˼Ҵȥˣ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ϣһͻ󴫿ʱ򡭡齫ǿǰġ
ҶЦοĵͷ˿ռ䡣
֮ǰһ㣬ԼβͷﵰϣһҲԶڵ״֮ǰȫرԴ֮ѹƣȷСС˲
ڼ֮ġ
һССˣʱҶЦǡûߣǿɾˡ
Ѫڳĵһʱ佨Ժв㣬ЧҲʱͽȻѪϵ
ǽʵһ½һ£ҶЦͻƹ弫ޣ񹦵Ĳ㣬漴ع֮ڣһݾ£һûüԼٳԮ˶˴սսȫʤ֮ԾѵÿУȫƸشľˣȻӦͻаһ¼ûҵһĿʱ䣡
ءһĽл
ô˻
ٲ˾ֲ֧ס
ѹĵ磬ɣ
ҪСƿ֮ռĵһۣľȻǱ濴ССˣ˭ʲô뱾˽Ѫ˵ģĸʲ
Զ˵ѹƲСһƿǣʱѹͲҶЦ˺ô˾ˣĸ˵鵤ȫǶ˸ϹĺôҶЦȷ״Ȼó鵤ӣƼפյѾþûƹôûˮ׼鵤ȴֲòΪĵĲףôһһѹƿǣ˭ҲҪӦάģ
ڶŰۣԼʱᱻӵƷȥĹͷ
ӰէȻһҶЦڳˣ
ؽһ
ҵıˣˡ
ҵү쿪۰
ҶЦռһ˲䣬һɣڡ䡱һӷ˳ȥһѩ׵ĨһȻƷɿС
ͬʱһӴ֮Բĵڶ
޵ϿУȻγһɫϼҲƵ£ȴǾֹڵȴʲôһ㣡
һ̣һ̼䲼޾ռ䡣


373 ˳
ߴߴ
һߵСԣһֱľռ֮У˼ȴǺͻأؾһɤӣ㶵ط˳ҶЦͷ۾ǺעǰԲԲ۾ȴϡضһ֮ɫ
һӥһֱоԼʵ㣬Ȳ϶СҲȲϵĽӥ֮ǰһֱڱչطѭҶЦ
ʮ۽ˢˢųһţϤڵأ۾ηŵɢ޾߲ʹâĵ
Ͳѿó֮ĵȼɭϣԼλ׾ѹơ
ʼʱΪ̫޶һ˲֮⣬ȫ̶ǺϾĿţȴӸ¶ǣһģƺļмһˡ
СأƺڿһʵĶּ֣Ҳ˶ѡ
ӥǱֵú֣أȴǺ£ڴڴܹԼĶֽ
۽ֱӵͶس
۽Ȼӵɱ֮ܣΪֹҲίʵɱ˶Σȴûܹɻԣ˼ԼͬķˣȻȫƣܵĳ
һһ˵ķ
ҶЦ԰һӣ
ڳɷĳ֣ȻҲڴȴҲδؾһҪΪⱾǶŪĽҶЦ˵ɳɷΪԼȻǿȴҲδزǸǣͬԶԽ⿪Ĺ嶼Ϊ°պֻ½кö£ò
ѾزεĶȫǺ⣬ҶЦҲȫˣ
СͷȻ׷ССԴҶЦϣӥҶЦ߰ؿҶЦϡ
ſҶЦѩ׵ĴβһסҪ˯ˣ֮ǰˡ

ҶЦӥһĿע֮£Բĵʼ΢΢ĲԽԽһ͸ĸо
ƺﵰĵǣڽα䱡һ
ҶЦ仯ҲЩ졣
ѵ˵ǵǣܱ䱡ɣ
ƫƫ۲΢Ϥ˿֮ĩĹ۲£òƻˡ
ٹƬ̣һ޾ռ￪ʼȻһϣҲԽԽŨ
޾ռĪƣҲԽԽѹ֡
ʮ۽Ѿǳͷβſ˵ϣղŻܲ𺳣ȴˣѾֹͣ
ӥͷ԰Ȼͦš
ȥȻһΪȻӣҶЦȴܸоӥһеΣ׽ӥǰ׵֣Ѱӥ죬ҶЦϧĴҩѳѵԶԶѰֵλ֮ϣǴ˼ߵϵѪδ۹֮
˯С˿ǰĲмһˣĵȻСԵλʵ̫ߣҪѷɫߵñ̬֮⣬ܿܿ޶Уӥ⣬ǽҪĳɷֺ䶯ݣ
ֹƬ̣Ŀ֮¡
һϸ΢𣬳£ͣһͣȻ죬ƺĴڳʲôڳʲô
ҶЦĿһתĿ۽ڷ˵
һǴӷ˵淢ģȻСŬƿǶС죬ƴĺĵǡ
ȻƺӦͷﵰǱߴ춯ҲЩط˵ϸ΢ײ
û취ƿǶһϣƣΪǿûļС͡
С˵ĵǵƵԽԽܼͨͿһСһھƨɣŬĻ桭
ǻʵ̫ľУľУ
ڡ

ǣ
˵Ķ˴էȻһϸ΢ĹѣţһССģֻСȱڳ֡һζɲǼ
ﶣȴҲ֮һͣסˡ
ƺСһ룺ףˣ
ȻǾֻһ˲ͣ٣һɲǵĳɡ
ܼĻȫ޼ϵĽٶȻС˿ϣ
Ȼ˶˵ȱڣԽĽ󡭡
һֻССļͣһĨϲۻɫϵĳ֣ʧֳ֣ʧ֮죬ȻγһƬӰ
ǷһĵϵᡭҶЦһ̾ûȫƵʵĶٶȾѾȫһλԪܹӵٶˣһܱ˸ߵշƵʣѵá
ڡ
ۡ
˵ˣһͬһҴСĵȻ䡣
֮ǹһδ󱬷Ũ
һֻСԴ˳ԲԲС飬ۻƵë
ҶЦʶĴȥ
ģ˼ҶЦȫû뵽ѪʲôƣľǺ棬ֻǺ棡
СԴ߸ո¶ĿԲԲһӾͿҶЦĿ˫СС۾ʱһסˡ
ƺŴһؿҶЦֱҲƵһ
һ̣СԴಡһ˻ȥ
κ֣κҲãδ֪Ŀ־ֻǱܷӦڶ
ҶЦЦ˳
СһķӦʵ̫ɰˣȻҼ
һС˵Դٴγ֣ĿҶЦдԭ±رУߴߴĽһ
ȻҶЦоһ۵Ľְ֣
ǺҶЦʱҲ±ˡ
ְ֣
Ǵ۵İȻժǰ޲ϴжûغòãؾƾְƣӶ˰Ͱ͵ĳνܼɵľУ
ҶЦͷԴǰСԴмơ
СǱȴѾ׵˷ǸֻҴСĶŬŲӣƴ꣬һᣬȴԸϾǸڻ̫СҲǳģƫƫղ̫С忨ڶڣǵ겻˻ȥҲܣ˲ã
Сͷת֮ʣȴٴ̧ͷȫĿҶЦߴߴߴߴߴ
ְ֣ҳȥ۵Ľôǡ
ҶЦһʱֻоɽͬͨһ㣬̲סһĸо
㻹ǵԼУ̵ĵһһԼɡҶЦͷһֺĿ˵ְֲܰѽ
˵ʶҿ˵Ŀ˻һ˵ôСö
һ̣СٶȸҶЦľޣҶЦصɴ۾СҶЦĻȻһʪίҶЦ˲ɵģƺҪˡ
Ȼ˻к嶼ȫȻ˽һί
ߣְֲҡ
Сίĵͷȫһʹ˻ȥ
漴
һζʹ
һȫϢ
˵Ϸ
ǸԭֻҴСȱڲϵ󡭡һƬƬϸ΢ĵǣɳȥıò豭ڴСֱ߹޴С
ʵȱڣСѾȫԳˣСһﷴżˣڼƴĻǡ

쳣ܼôһʱ
ҶЦĿɿڴĿţǿ˶쳣ķ˵еĵǣȫСһһƬ
ɢ⡣
С˵峹ױ¶ǰƫСһȻǲֹͣԼƿǵĶƴԼһС˵ǡ
һֱȫ飬촷ۣ
ڶһ̧ͷͷԾɵҶЦûгëСȻȶ£һУߴߴ
һ̣СС˾Ȼһ־£Ϊۻʵָо
ֻǣΨҶĸоôһֻССϡǣڻûëһͮͮСϡЩ
νûëķ˲缦˼ʵûëɷŻ缦ɣ
ߴߴСͷЦһԭôСԭ񻹶ڴأʧ
ҶЦҲû뵽ֻոճСһؾôƢԼֿΪСһãƿǾٶСһﲻ鲻ֹȻйһ㽫еǶˡ
ǶƢ
ԭû̫ѳɷ̫ϵҶЦ²һֲϲԭС˵ľҲ࣡
ҶЦ֣ԼǻЩͷĴˣһֻСһʶ
СվһƬĵ֮УͷأߺߵؿҶЦ֣ãĥĥ߹СҶЦů֡
Ȼ˲ߴߴһҶЦ˸˳ƵϸϸСñֱһ˫ԲԲ۾ҶЦȴЩֺõĲ˲ҶЦָͷ
ҶЦͷʱһֵĸоӿǰСһզô󣿰ѿǣǶ츳ܺôԼɵѽ˭ôԣȥȥȥҲҪˡ
˵һڵϡ
ҶЦ˾ٰ٣һԵѡСԾɰǰˣ˴ԵǹԹģԵ
С˶ʱߴߴţƴؼһֺõزҶЦ֣ҪٴλȥůĴ棬ҶЦ۾ֲ
С˿Ͱ͵վڵϣ۾Ѹٵðˮ
˻ޣ
ҶЦ²һȴǲЭ
̬ȱλ㣬ȷԼɶҡĸߴϵλĳнĳӥȻַ죬ͬſ;ͬ飡
ϣС˳׵ĵͷڳһϿҵϴ̬ż͵͵̧ͷ۾͵ҶЦ
˵Ժ󻹸ҲҲˣҶЦۡ
ߴߴС˿ҡͷ
ҲôˣǲҪ죿
ߴߴҡͷ
˺ˣ֪ܸľǺúӣɡҶЦٶ֡
âһСȲҶЦϵԼССԴȥĦίأһһģȴǾֺá
ԺһҪ԰ƢãԲҪص˵ҶЦСˣú˵
ߴߴ
֪Сĳ˵һӦɲǼͺ񽫸ղŵĲȫˣҶЦ˼ȴվһأߵһƬϸķ˵ԱߣߴߴһȻüС͵һ飬ȻתֺζطŵҶЦ̧ͷ۾ܵؿҶЦ
óԵģְֿԣ
ҶЦһһ鵰ǣЦá
϶Ǻöôһ㣬ôԣ𣿣
ְֲԣԣųҪóԵĶõġҶЦƲ졣
֪СǲˣôΣͷ룬Ըӣ𵰿ǣϣϸϸһѵǣۿɼٶȷټš

СѾԵöƤԲˣȴڲͣĳԡ
˵У߽޳ԶҲԲĵƤأôûأ
ŵɣҶЦЩĵʶ
״ط˸ۣ˯
ӥеѵؿŵϵĵǣϾǷ˵ǣߵľۼ˿дôġ
øȥɲ׼СֶӵʳҶЦֹ
ҶЦԼнӥСһԼаְֵСǾڵһʱ͵ù涨
ӥĽԵƼˣкöǰȴܷһ̫ˡ
С˵ĳͳԣҶЦȻ֣СһĶӳųţȻȥţòʵǱˣ壬׳һȦ


374 ҶЦ
ҶЦ۾ϸȥȷǴһȦңЩϸϸëʼɣԼԼѾʼë
ٹһСһ㳤Ȧ·Ҳȵı仯ͷϣһһëĳ߳Ρ
ҶЦ֣
ͷϵëΪ˹ڣطȴǷһؼĵط
һƿ֮ʣ᱾ܵسԵԼĵǣԵǵĹУ˹֮γɣһγɣȴ䣡
Ȼؼĵطˣַ˹ڣҲǷëڳ֮гּ֧Ƿһֱ۵ģ˽չǱѰ취
һ˵ַ˹ë֧мλõǸ־֧ԶЩγһڵģ
һ֧߱ëγһ˹ڵĳΣͬʱ߱˳Ϊһǿߵʸ񣻵ҲһЩڳʱΪ첻㣬ֻγ֧־ëֹֻ֧ӡ
Щ첻㣬ʹӳʱ򣬾ͻᱻȷ̭Ӵٲ߱պɾһߵʸ
Ȼ첻ģȻ϶ҲЩγ֧ëɵķ˹ڣӵķţͬ߱δɾߵ
Щķţʵиڣ֧һԽҲֹֻһֻˣ˹ڣͷ岻ţΪһ忪ȫ¾棬뵱ǿ֮С
Ƿһب񻰣ഫ˵
˼СһڳԷ˵ǵͬʱҲγķ˹ڣȴСһɾ͵յ㣬ȴɵҶЦš
СһղŲٰԼԵԵҶЦȻҪΪ֮ģ
ŵע֮£СһٵسСĵǣۿѾ˲֮һķͷϲǿǿһ֧ëһһͰͷĿ
⡭ҶЦЩɵۡ
ѵСһǱȻ˲ã
˵ɵġ˺СһɵӰ̫ԶȻԼ㲻ϧѪֲҲܲʧ
С˳ԵһǵʱһСһͷðϸϸģ޵ġ
ҶЦ̾˿Сһ߳ɾҲֹ֧ˡڵδܹȫȫ
Ͼڶ֧Ȼ֣ȴڳɳ״̬֮УսԤڡ
ۿСһƴƴԣѾ֮ʱȥȦʼ֧𳹵׳֧ͣҲðʱ򡭡
ҶЦɫ㵣Ϊֱ˿̲ŷ֣⼸𡭡òƳˡ
֧𣬾Ȼȫ桭
⡭
ȫϵĽҶЦιȥ
츳˹ػ᳤᣿
Ҳ̫ɶɡ
Сһ˶ⶰ
˵ǶѾҪˣ˵ԾûкתҲûгơ
ҶЦüĿţȴ˸ղС˸ԼȾǶԴףȫȻҵȣҶЦһԸģС츳ΣҶЦĹԹԶˣӾúԴңҲҳһ漣һڲһǲܳҲҪһ䣬һƽϲ֣ͳְ֣
Ȼһ̣ĳְֵ۾һӵɴˣ
Ϊڸղһգ۵Ĺˢˢ
СһԴҲ࣬Ȼ
ͻȻð𣬾ͺһ㣬˲ð˳ջûҲƣ
ʱγͥ
ֻǡҷֵе̫˰ɣⲻγмû𣬹ͺͺһ飬ĵĲÿ
ʲôôôķ˹ڣҶЦĿࡣ
Ϲ֧ᣬȻһֶԳƷֲڲһ̣Ե̡
ô֧ʲô
ҶЦ죺мλõԾûУôӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ơ
ȴ٣СһͷмհλͻȻٶð֧𡭡
֧ȴǸͻأ
ðκһҪһҪһأмһٳһָͷǽڰôĳȣλûǳȣǵ֮ĺ
֮̾̾Ϊֹ
ǵģǺϹŸͷγɷ֮˹ڣҶЦӵķ˹ԽԽͦȻ󡭡Ÿ𣬸ڷһ΢仯
ҶЦ֪һԶԻΪνԡԻԿνǷһ츳ԣʮֻ˷֮ٵа϶ǻԣζΪԣٴΪԣΪˮΪˮˣˮԵķ˼ΪϡģˮԷ˻ҪϡڤˣҲԵķˣһֻвпܴһͷڤˣԡ֪ʲôԵʣһԾԵֻԵķ˷ܣѾ˶ԷһĹʶ
ҶЦӹ˹ڵǾŸëȴǸɫ׳ʣǵճȻһëһɫֲֹҶЦĿģȻɫֶ֮˰׺ɫ
мһҫ۵Ļɫûϡ
ëĶˣǽֳһεġԲȦ˸ɫ
İ˸ҲƵı仯
Ȼϰ׺ڡ
ɫ˿ҡ
ÿһɫɫ
ҶЦͷСԴؿǰ䣬ͻȻһҶЦͷˤȥĿɿڴ
һֱмһ˵ĶԭſҶЦ۾̧һ£ȴ۾ɵûԲ۾ͫʸǱһϸϸߡ
Сһڽ˵ȫֵ꣬ͷһ㼴šһŲʹâСһ԰׾Թ϶һٶҶЦ
ǵĲ˲ĳģСצӸֱץסҶЦ·ƨɾҶЦؿꡣ
ҶЦֻһǰδֹĹ̥һʱ
Լӵǰ䵽Ǻǻ
⡭
Ŀδⳬ̫˰ɣ
ǱߵڲͣҡΣȻеСڲϵԴײǣͼƿǶ
СǿѽҶЦССӼ˶ëòЩЦĿŵϵһĲм
С˱Ͼ֪һ˵Ĵ٣ҶЦĻǶĽû˸Ҵһǿưռ˶ľڶʼǿռ͵Ķԣ˵ƣ
ҶЦƬ̣˼Ƭ̣ȡ˽ԼµǷݷ壬Ҫ˴ѶһʽǷ֪ôһ¡
룬ʱ˼עپ۽ŵϵ֮ϡ
ҶЦ˼ʸһɼ΢ĸоС֮󣬹ҲڲͬһлǵСҲˣȫ䶨ʾɡ
ʱһ˫ûҪΣظƵ
һƬ쳣ܼöһ׶ѿһ϶
һССԴΪҰȴͬܵķʽײ˳ĳ˰ͷԼԼײͷת򡭡
漴Ȼһ顭
ͬ˶޵Ǳײҷɡ
һ̣һСɵģɫСȻ١
һ֮ǰСˣһͿҶЦɲǼгĽ
衭Сһ
ҶЦʱһٲ
С˳ͽԼְ֣ȻеᣬԱǶԵģСһͽԼ裬ȴǽԼбˣǴԭ⣬ԲܴľУ
ҶЦʶؿ˿Լؿڣֿ˿Լɡ
ԾЩ±ơ
СԶСʤ·ҲСҪʤһҶЦȥ
ҶЦԹ۲һᣬȻ֡ͷССĽȻǿ˵һնУڿصĶתˮһ֮ܣ
ҶЦԴ˲һ¡
Ҫ֪壬ӦҲǾ൱֮ӵУСһȻ;дһѾ׿ԽȺȺס
СҶЦ˺ôһ֮ŴӿȻתЩǡ
ͬСһ㣬ĳ
ҶЦĿעСͷϵλá
һۣ֮۳֮󣬽ŲŻԱߣĽۡ
׻˵֮۴ֻۣ֮һߴߣȻ£ǴһԣȴҲ˵۶ߵҪԣ
Եģֵ֮֮ĽǲضõĻۣٷԽ࣬δ컯ԽΪɹۣһ˵ܹƬ۵ĳǺϸˡ֮󸲸ȫƬųɳ˳ʼ֮ҲҪһʱ䣬ſʼƬ
ʼ۵ĿҲ˵Ǳķˮ롣
Ƭµߣ֮ܳΪֻԣҪƬ۲ܱ֮ΪӵƬۣ壬嶥ǿߣ֮ʱ󶼶۳ӵƬϵĳһӵпɳɳΪߵǿ츳
ʷУӵǽһһλۣʼ۴ﵽ˾Ƭ֮࣬ճɾʷǰߵ㾳ǿߣȻѾ̫̫֮ǰ´˵ˣ
Ͼ嵱ǰǿǿߣҲҶЦӵҲŲ𾳸߽׶ѣ
ҶЦעССһϽһȳ֣˿Ϸıסλ
Ȼ󣬾һƬһƬĳʼ۾Ϳʼٶȣǿĳ档
ҶЦֻǿѾоһ⡣
ΪСĳʼ۴һʼûͣŵǵĲϵı¶ǣʼһƬһƬļ̶ĳˡ
һƬƬƬƬ
ֻڰӵĹȺƬֱͬѾȹˮ룬ĳĿͱ࣬ҲٶһƬѣĵǣΪֹֻ˲ʮ֮һ
ȥȫ⣬ƬƬƬĽ
ҶЦѾϲòˣƵʣﵽʷľƬ޾Բ⣬ʮƬҲûпܵģ
ųµǣСԭƽ̹ͷϣʼĹСԽԽߡ
ǡǣҶЦͻһͻۿ
ǡᣬ꣬ҲδܳǣСһôŽûһᣬ͡
ҶЦӾϲ𾪣𾫣Ȼ󣬽ˣ


375 軹ǰְ֣
СС˳ʱ״ࡣ
ΪСĳʼۣڷɿĵľƬ֮󣬺ȻʮƬʮһƬʮƬҶЦɴ಻ϸˣΪСһﻹڵϺϾĴá
ôƬڳԵòֺ
Գ۵ɻ½
ȻʮƬˡ
ҶЦһĿѾǴ󳬹Ŀˣػɣ
ȻʮƬˡ
ĿѾĿһ࣬ǼС֮һ壬⡭⻹ܽгʼۣ
ۣл۰ɣ
ҶЦ˼ʲһָоû׼СһĳôȥҪȫƬһ㣿
ʮƬ
ҶЦʶ״ֻǳ⡣
⻹ܴ˵
Сһܴ
һ壬ʷ߳ɾߣҲγڣճɾ㾳ڤˣСճͻͻس˾Ÿ
߼¼Ƭ֮ҲֻþƬʼ۵ĳڵСѾʮƬĻۡ
ѾʮƬˡҶЦ֣Լ˼ʱСǱȫֹϢĳƬĿǰѾʮƬʼۣҡһڲϵ
ٶǺܿٺܿ졣
УϵǣȻ֮һûгꡭСϵƬ˼ʱѾ֮
ֻʣ˶ӺβλûûۣǿƣСһһԳ׸ϵ򡭡
νۣҪɻˣ
ҶЦĿɿڴ֮Уڶע֮£šĿСԣӽӥĽʺ޵ĳղĿС
СڽеĵȫˣԭСȦ̧ͷ˸ãҡҡλεķԾҶЦĻꡭ
û뵽ͷҪһһС˸СŸĳȨޣ
ҶЦһľȻ±ƵĿţСϳˣʮƬʼۣ
β˵һβͣжƤ滹һСƬطûг֮⣬λá涼Ѿϣ
ҶЦνһͷͽСһжȫϵĽ
ƽ
͵ƽ
ǣԵôĹ󡢸ûʣĻȣĹȻķֲ棬Ի
һ۷壿
᲻΢еأ

ҶЦ±ˡ
զ¶
ڣԼֱСˣСؽаְֱ֣ССŴŴĽ衭

ҶЦͷˣ˽СĿˣ
ոճССˣҶЦͷǡлŮ
ҶЦ޷ֱ棬ȻҪǲ֪ôֱ档
С˸߰ĿСЦְ汿ǵܵܣ˼ǽ㣬˼ǰְǰء
СͷɥԵðɥ֮ؾҪôһءҪģȻȥˡ
ҶЦЩһͷˤڵء
Ϊȵķ֣С˺С˵Ļٲ֮ǰ֨֨֨ߴߴʲôģǱ׼ͨԣżıϢ
ҶЦǳ˳顣
ҶЦһ𣺡ô£˵˻ҲˣǿôǱߵĿʲô
һָֻͨš
ҶЦˣһȥ
ԭڷ֮ǰһЩĶȫ˽ȥϾôʱ䣬ɷܹϢͨᣬȻССѾЩ֪ʶˡ
˵СС˵ĿȻͣҶЦΪҶЦĿĻǰЦҲǱߵССһеȻҶЦıͬ
ͬΪܹϢܹͨڶĸ߽ѹ˵ҶЦĻӦô˵ѹӣϣλ棬ûκѹѹ
뵽ЩȴһСΪ˵İһ͵񣬾츳ǰ·ޣⶼʲôϾб˵ĳ֣д˳ɾͲ˳£ʲô״Ϊ˺ðְֺ˲ˣ
Ȼȷʵ˲𣬵Ǳ˵ĳȫòã֪жµС⣬˵ģ
԰ôΪǹ䣬Լ϶Ҳô˵ģΪʲôҶЦ̡
ΪϲˣǻԲĹٻͬı׼ǻ
ҶЦһץסһʹ
ѽһ·ñ˲°£Ȼ㱾ˣϲһֱװ⣡㡭ҶЦˡ
أƴĳ˵Ȼ޾ռƿԶĳ֮ϣһռƿγ֮ʱеĲٿȨԾҶЦһ֮䣬ʹܹϸµ΢ӵ˼ʱ֮ҶЦٽӴܵĶܻץǺõһ
Щ²òͷҲˣֻò鲻Ըġ
ҶЦĳߺߵطһŤͷһֻӥʮ۽ߣǲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ϥۼԭǵطһ۾޶ȵغ֮УԾɲдŨ֮
ǿ֮ߵӰԾδɢ
ɲϢʮ۽ǵǰϲƷӥ֮Ҳǳ
ʵҲСӱ̫ߴϵĴڣŻῴƷ֣֮ͣϹȥ
СС˿һУȴһνӡ
ʹȴҲ֪һĻԼʲôͷ
ھһĥ£ǳһٶĸѹ֮λ˲ֹһȻ˽缫ޣճͱֵ˸߸ˡ
ΡΡĵղűҶЦʰĹǺӶȥĵĺˡҶЦʵĿ⿴æͿʼͣɳ֮ϢϢص˼ȻСһﱾȴòЩġڽӥȴǾƷ
ӥҲˣ־ǳһ˼ѣڴﵽ츳ƿ֮󣬻һλԵǰһϾҲ̫֣͸ŶԣҲССԲ֮۽ߵȴĪ۽߾ɱ֮ܣɱҪԵ˼ɷ֮ڣѳ֮񣬶۽߱󣬲лӵУ߻ԵĻᣬԻǵɱۻȥ۽һɱ伫壬ⶼǺ󻰣ܵʲôλǵÿԼ컯
ϸ͡
ҶЦһӿĪϲ⡣
ӥĿǰĲѾǼߣٽһĻǿɾǱ׼޼ˡ
۽ߵǰԤȴǸҶЦһ⣬ľϲǾޡ
ң뵱۽Ĵ壬ֻΪ˸ṩѣڿȻܹɳΪԼĪ
һһĪǰ
Ի񰡡
Ȼ⹦ЧСôȥСԱȽ֣ȥỹǿ˵ùȥأë߾ųߵùˣҶЦ׷ʵ
ǣȻȻ¶߰ɫСҲƫͷһ֮
γҺСУԽݸһȺСҸߴϵĺٺһ
漴ͱҶЦһ˸ͷΪҶʵǿ߶ĳƨӣԺɣһֻè˵˻ĺᣬеССҶЦ˵
һɸߣҲѾղŻôңҲٷ޳һ㣡̬
ٱҾʹҵģ̬ҸǲңҶЦһۣǿѹ
ƣɲǼϢģü˳ۡ˵ܺãȴƫƫԼãԼʵʵһЩҪΪúǰӵĲԡ
ɶԣǲԿΣ

ҶЦһһСһȫԲ۾ľĽ֮⣻ҶЦ֮ճǻģͬССһûг֡
Сڳ군֮ٲСҲƵӣȫëȫͷǷٲȻʰ쵶ëɰȻֻһֻӴСһеģȷʵȫУ
˵ۼ
СҲǱۣɣҶЦеȫ¡⣬һۣȻƣȴֲϽһҪӹѤø߹󼸷֡
Ӧ㳬Ͻͷá
šСǵòҪ裬㡭һаְֺˡҶЦ죬޿κεسԼְ֡ݡ
õ衣Сɵͷ
ҶЦһߣӦǽаְ֣
ְ֡СŴŴ
ְ֡Сسǰ
֮ǰᵽǸѪޡҪ𣿡ҶЦŶһɳ谮֮ҿСҺõúܣѪ˵ʲôѪ˰ɡ
Ȼѯȴǿ϶Ŀ
Ϊ˸ҶЦȻѾ᲻ýСһԼһĴڡ
ͷȷʵǲҪˡ
ĵʶǳ֪ڳֳ飬¼ΪβƵѪޣеѪ֮УѪ鹹ѪΪι̣޿ɺ
ʵϣѾҶЦѪ֮ǰڽСѪ֮УﻹҪκʽһ˳µԶɹˡ
ΨһǷȱģҲҶЦʱҪСС˵һۿȷԼѪϵѡ
ѾСտҶЦһһ̱ԲɹνѪޣȻǲҪˡ
Զ֮ǰСһ·չˣϢֵ֮ͨõҶЦʲôûгļһ
ҶЦ˿Ǿͺã
ڴ˼ڿռ֮У¶ԶΪ˸¶ȣССǳȴûиеʣֻҶЦĻƬ̣ȥһȥСˣһȥҶȻȫûʲôİС
⵹Ҳ⣬˫츳߹ԸӴҲȻǼǱǱҪǿĴڣСٻΣν쳾߽̬ڶݵ׶жۣҪСԸߣ˫Ϣͨ˫Ӷһ׽оԻԸˣ飡
Сŵ㣬ǣССȵġҶЦеضһ䣬Ȼ׼˳ռˡ
޾ռǸ쳾ǧһڣ壬˫ûյѶϢġ
ҶЦҲҪȥ侲һ£ԼȻδޡü֪йɶɶվû׵ģ˼Īص˰ְ֣һӣһŮ
̫ͣҲЩ˵㡭
СҲϲཱུССˣ¶СһģСĵСһڿռĴε
СԺܿͺˡ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţң
òƿܸ£
˫һľռ֮󣬱ͬ˱һ㣡
ʵҲǷ˱أľռֹؿݣ˫Ӽϲ֮£۾ǲε˹ȥ
Сֻתͷĵڣ۰װ׵ļСһѾҶЦƽϸҪСҪտõһƬҩеֲꡭ
Сŵһ飬ʱһľУٷɽȥСһסСһʹڱסһ˲䣬ȻŬ쳤˲ӣԱҩҶ֦ɺ͵µҩһ˶
Сɵۡ
ôһգ۵Ķ˲䣬֧ҩݣʹ˻ΪУСС
˿µĺҪô˽أ
СﻹҵǿнСһľռ䣬䣬һԼ𾫵飬ֻСС˶Բ޹Ĵ۾һձĿԼ
òƻŨŨĿӲᣬĲ㡭
С˲ˣְСŽľռ䣬СһｻԺһӾͽľռ䣬ϽĽռסˣҲҳˡ
ԺҲСڽˣ
ʹˡ
СԿҩĸյĿӶֻоԼ඼ڳ鴤ᡣСһҲ̫ʶ˰ɣôͰħ⼸ûɫأתȴֲңҿСһûҪңҪǲעⱻСҧһڡǲ̵βˡ
Ƚ𸹷̲ѵСԣźСȴǴĵӦֵģϾСϢͨСԣһְ֣һ϶ȱ֮ǰǸְָĴڣȻᱻȻѹѹȴѹĿֲڶǰ򲻸˿Σ
СģŵشСһĴι䣬һ֮ˮһ٣ȸٹһŵ񵤶СسȥҸֱߺߡ

ռ淢ҶЦѾȥˣȻǲ֪ġ
Ȼ˽µķ塣


376 
ִѶνں쳾Ϊ߰û֮һԴѶЧĳɫֻҪ壬һͨѶֻͨϧ쳣ɫĴѶߣȴһƷֻܹһͨѶԻ֮󣬶ҶЦҲֻһѣýá
һνǶʱͨѶ׼ԣֻЯһѡ
Ȼ˵к棬ϧݳƷҶЦǾʹãΪҶЦڸò׼СһﵱǰĽǺûǻ᲻Ϊͷ鲻ֻ̲ܲ˵״̬ɶɶġ
˵ʵΪСڵ״ʵ̫ҶЦҲ漱ˡ
ϾԼְֵıҶЦǶ䶯ĵģ

˵ŭӯȴĻ֮ȴʱ޿̲ڵȴҶЦϢԼĶŮڱʹΪ׷õǰ;ǡܹǲԼߣһ㵣֮飬֮Ҳˡ
ΪǷǣҶǣýʱҲࡣ
ʱ䣬ӽˡ
Ͼʱ˵˫Ӧ÷ˣʱѾȥһ꣡
ʱ㣬ǰ˫ӾӦ÷ȫҶЦǱȴٳûϢⲻýϰ£ͬͼһԾ
üζҪֱɱһʼΪ·;ʵ̫ңԶ۵ĵ̣޽֮ͬҶ֣޽óȻû׼ͻ಻Ҫ鷳
⣬Ϊһߣְڣ֮ǰΪΪѩޣ׷ɱѾ˲ʱգѻ񣬴˼ʵڲٶ룬ۻ֮£ֻǿѹԼ˼֮飬ȻĵȴѾ֪ҶЦ˶ٻأ
쵰ҵĶŮˣҲ֪˵һ
ôǵ飡
ǵô㣡
֮սΪ׵ҶЦͻȻ䲻¸١
ջʤϢһͬǳڰײ´ġҶЦôޣһȫǾ쳾ӻֵ߽ĸ߽ޡۣѹȥ
˼ܹޣ˼ҵı£ָʲô£ӲͲ֣֮Ҷͬ쳾ˣ֣
֣ܹ˼ҶЦ
˼ҶЦôֵŪէȻôѪôհȺνǺһǲֹôС֣ҶЦΪĴǴ˰ɣ
ֵʵεǿǿһѹƣЩ˼ʱˡԴˣ߲㶼Ϊ֮ơ
ǰģôھ̬ȣ
ʵǴĲԾ
֮˵񣬶Щ˼
ȴίʵǹ˲ôˡ
ֻҪԼҵĺӵиߵı츳ʲôҪʲôԷһߣҶЦǶ׽ˣȻҲ˫ԼˣΪԼ˸ЩԼ˶㲻ϵվһ𣿣
Ц
˼ʣԼ棬Ҳһ鴫Ѷ壬üһƬ񲻰岻ǷҪƣϵҶЦ̽ʵǰ״
ʱ
ֻоȻһɣѶˣ
漴һ
ɲǼվʵҶЦҶҶҽ棡
֮УѾԸӵĵزһǱǸӲ֪⴫ѶôãôһԼ߳ٳٲػôһʱ䣬ѶĹܾͽˡ
Խѵһ̿ʼͿʼϵ˵ҪǱߵҶЦԼ˫ϵ
ҶЦҶҽôˣǽ˵ѽҵûУôϽӦһ£Ҫ˫ϵ֮ȶ
һľʮˢˢĳȥ
ҶЦǱ߸ո壬Լһ˵ϾûƵľʱһ£Ǳôż
գգ۵Ĺͷʮ⣬һشһ˵ʲôþҽ֪ܲѶĹЧƲҲƵ̫˰ɣ
ȿȡҡҶЦҶЦ˵
ֶſտյĿռ˵ķʽҶЦǵһΣȴЩϰߡ
Ծԣĵʵǲ޵ģпԭ˳£Ӧģ
ǺǱߵĽʱһ
ˡ治ס
ĳΥĻһʲô˼˵ٱˣʥ̾İʣΪ֪ĶǱĻ쵰һģ
ûУܽš
ˡȿȣոշⲻ͸Ͻϵ𡭡ҶЦ
ոշô죿ܵĸо˲Щҵʱռ㣬Ӧͷ˲ǣôôʱ䣿ҶЦǳʲô״ʲô
ֲƵζ
ҶЦڽķӦҲ⣬Ǳ̾˿£̺Ҳ˳Сһõĺܡ
жȻһɣ߾¶һ˿Ц⣬ǾͺǾͺã˳ͺãôСһŮ
ҶЦƤĵӦǴơȴشǸŮƯĺܣĺܣ˵ʣۡ
ߵЦݸ᣺úúãҶЦ㵱ǰ˱ĴæлллˣȼˣҺúõĸл㡭
ý˵˺ôһѵĿ׻
ҶЦǱͷǣȴ뵽̲֮סһ飬µǷˣãֻ
ֻʲôеʱһʱеһٵȻһﴫѶȻ顭ҵͲӦºӣѵͼһ죬ȴҪɵ³𡭡
״Щ쳣еķв졭ҶЦǱ£ǲġ
ôһʲô쳣ʲô쳣
ǡ־Ƿ˹ڵ쳣ҶЦ֪þôˡ
ˡ¶һ˿ȻЦݣǲǲ֧𣿡
δ٣ܹѾǽ֮ˣνǿ࣬ǲ֧Ҳǹֲ˼ҶЦġ
ֻɱĳ
еһᡣֻǱҶЦƴţȴ鲻ԽŴͣ˵ĺ촽ԽԽǳһԲΡ
Ŀ֧ǿ϶ǹġҶЦڲĿĿʵе࡭
һľϲûѽһֱӳ䱬ĿеࣿǺ°ĺ°ҸҶҶҽ˵ʵ㲻֪ЩţҲҷһǿߣԪϣ˵ͨأǬ컯еˮڼഫ棬巽⣬Ƕ֮ѪĴзɢԶһΪһ֮츳ɵ񶼳ʻʵӵԽԣʵԽǿֶԵ츳ڳʱ򶨶֮ǰ㾳ǿڤǰӵ֧𣬶ӵĿԽˣ츳ԽߣǱԽѡ
ǱҶЦڿһ졣
֪ܲ
˷ܵ˵˺ôһѷʷ֮˳ʵҶҽղ˵Сһе࣬ӵ֧˹ඣ
ֹҶЦ죬֧Ļﻹᵣأ浱ûʶ
ԲСʵѵ֧
ҳʱһֻ֧ѵҵĺӣҪǿʤˣ
ӵֻǾӵ˲ͬмصǿڤǰʵҲǣڣ
ֹ֧ҶЦ촽ɡ
Ǳ߽ʱסˡ
ֹֹ֧֧֧࣬
⡭ʲô
Ȼһܣ̲סڸʵѵ֧
Ȼе࣬ǾĲ°ɣഫҷһ巽⣬Դ۵Ļ񲻻ǿӵ֧Ȼ뷨̫һ㣬ϾҲпܵĲǡ
һͳŮˣ
мڴˣɴֱ֧ӰĿ֧⣬ѾļˣĻǵԼԼˣǸ˽˳ͬȵĸ߶Ȱ
ҶЦǱߣҲ֧ҪٶһЩ
ȴЩëˣϾڷԣ߸Ѿļޣʵֱ˵׼֧ɣ
ҶЦԼҲ֪Ǻ»ǲò׼ίʵе࡭
׶٣ܲʹ˵ףīʲôһ
˹ɲǼһȫȻѾĹˡ
ȿȡ֧ҶЦæ˵ĿǶ˵㣬ҶԷ˹Ŀ֪˷ǿߣҲڤӵеһŸ֮࣬⻹ǲǴû˵ġ
棬ͻȻû
ƺѾˡ
ҶЦ֪ʵ̫ڳԤϣҲ⣬˵ˣҲͷҲ֪⵽զ¶ô־֧˹ڡղǷ֧ѵ˵ǿӵ֧֧ģо֧ҲͲ⣬Ÿ֧ѣҸϸ˵һ°ɣŸ֮Умһ֧ȻҸһ֧ҲǺܳȻұ߸֧ݴζȥ¾һӦòǲõļɡٿ֧֧ġҪƯġ
ҶЦԴ֮ȻǾܵĽ֮
ǱߵĽȴʼûκһƬţ
ƺѾ뿪ˣˡ
ҶЦĴ£ףأ⵽ɶ׺ûǲð㵹˵仰ҿզˣɶȥˣΣ㡭
ҶЦߴﹾ˵˰죬ǱȴʼûϢҲûκ춯һƬȫȻľġ
ˣҶЦץˣ衢ĵʱǻ㵹ǸôĲŮҼҹŮء㡭衢ưˣˣŮҲˣ㲻ϡһϡأ
뵵ϢͻأһҡΣʧӰ١
ͨѶʱѾȥˣȻ߼ͨѶߣȴҲмޣվ̫ܳʱ䣡
ҶЦɫܻһƽĵ÷飺衢ģһ񾭲˵Żأôưˡⲻ쵰ôɶôҲ֨ŸƨôҲǷģ֪顭ǻ⣬¶һѺ֣ôǻƽɵɣݣ
Ҷܻ̲סڵԻʵû뵽˵˵žûء
ղϵڵģǵû춯ء
һֱͨѶûκλӦ
ҶЦƵҪҪģ
ôĵɶ
ˣӱҪҪĺô
װףӵƷҲ˼һ֮ҶЦһܻ֮һ̾ϢԼĺӶôģ˵źӵûˡ׵ĸףȴôչ˺Сˣ˸չ˲аҿû׵ĸ߳ҪȻС˵жడ
ҶЦ̾Ϣ˺һְοԼһ󣬸ץ塣
˵˵ûˣܲɣ
ҶЦڴģĴѶ塭

ҶЦȻǲ֪˵С˹о˹ڵʱ򣬽۾޶ȣһֱ̣˹ȥ
ںҶЦ˵ʲôȥĽ֪
֧˹ڣ
ҶЦΪһ˲ʲôȻҶЦǿǣӴйطһϾֻЩֻϵЩʷҶЦܹ֪
ȴ֪ģ
˹ڣ


377 ҶЦķŭ
Ƭسʱഫмλǿڲ
һǷˡƬؿĵһͷˣǷһĸȣֱɵķ棬з˵Ĳ棬ղŽҶЦܵλֱϵλƿնȥ˱³Ϊһ𣬷Ϊ˱²ŽܿģҲΪԵʣǷ߲㶼֪˱֮ǰһλ棬λ֮ȴ֪ԶǷ档
ľΪԣݷʷĵμƲ⣬ں쳾ǼλܣֻҪûﵽǴ˵еλôλҲֻͬһ㣡
˵浽ǿֵزšô˵纮½޷Ԫߣ޷صԪһգ쳾Ķλ棬ȻҲ޷صķϼͣգλǰķʼ棬Բͨǿ˺ѿռ䣬Ѵ˽ȥ
Ȼл˵е˵ʵһλλĳߣֻ߸һλƣָһ·÷ǰ·뿪磬ϴ
ȻǴ˵ĴȻᵥһȻϿǸλķܣ˵㻯ƿնȥ˵Ǳһ㻯ŵƿնȥ
˵˵ʵһΪ˳ˡ
Ȼһж޷֤
λȴʵڹӵʵЩڷʷ޷ĥŨɫʡ
λڵʵ̫Զˣܹ֤λڵѶϢѾԽԽ٣˷һ廹ڿڿഫϢ֮⣬֮ҲûκȺ֪ؼ䣬Զʱڹһλǿߡ
Ϊһ嵱ȴ֪һЩλ顣
ȻܶණѾ޷֤٣һ㣬һȴʼ֮ؿڿഫ
Ǿǡλڳʱӵзķ̬ҲǾ֧˹ڼ
ӵо֧ķ˹ڣһضνԪʥڣ
֮ȻȡΪ֮žŹԪ֮˵
һֻ˵Ϊ˵һɼ񻰣Ϊλ洫Ѫȴûκһͷܹӵʣλ£˳е˱ӵ֧֮⣬߲Ųֻ֧𹹳ɵķ˹ڶѡ
ӵ֧ķǿߣѾ㹻ں쳾캱֣ưˣ
νĹԪʥڣΪ˷һ񻰣ͬʱҲԶʹ
ҲûйνĹԪʥڣҲ˵ҲֵܳǵȻԻͣ
ʵһ˹ڶ֣οǾ˹أ
츳֮һķҪ߹֮࣬ӵ֧˹ڼŬ֮ߵڵλϡ
Ϊ֮󣬶˵һһ죡
ܹ뵽ԼŮȻǾŹڣ
ΣҲôô֡
ҶЦ˵֧ʱѾ׺䶥ĿľԺоþõһѣΣѲ
ҶЦһԶ˵ꡰо֧ҲͲ飬Ÿ֧ѣҸϸ˵һ°ɣŸ֮Умһ֧ȻҸһ֧ҲǺܳȻұ߸֧ݴζȥλ֮󣬽һֱԵڵأ
һͨˣҪΪĳ־ϲŻ赹Ҳһܳ飬ѣԵĳԤϡ̫˶ǵŻᷢ
һλ۷ǿߣȴǳܲסϢֱӻԣ
Ϣ𺳳̶ȣ֪

֮󣬽ҡҡͷأ˸λһĲʵ
Ҹղź˵ҵŮӵйԪʥڣ
뵽ͻȻ͵һݣˢһվ૵Ԫʥڣ֧˹ڡԪʥڡ֧˹ڡ
Խ˵촽ԽǶ£ͻȻһҶЦ㻹𣿡
һճΪ֮⹬Է弫֮ϡķͩľֻ±Ѿڷһ֮ˣ
ֻϧ֮࣬ûеõӦ
ʵٽһҶЦҶЦ˵˵
ʵԼҲʶΪԼȥ½˫ͨʱȫûˣȴһĴ㣬ϣŻϵأʵ̫ϣܹҶЦʱȡϵٶȷһԼŮ˹ڵ״
ٺ˼ûлϣ֮࣬䡱һͳ˳ȥֱײǽڣس˳ȥ
ڷ˶ãץסһŮʵ
ؼǵãԼ䣬һʱ̵ĹҶЦͨ͹ˡ
¡Ůŵͨ££ڷѾһ硭Ѿˡ
һ磬ô˵Ϳ֣Ȼʧ
ŹзΧίʵѾǵƻԻͣһʱãȻʧ룬漴޵İûڡ
ԼôҲһߣôôûãôûأôؼʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ξιȥˣҶЦ˵ʲôû
Ǻ
ҶЦˣȻСǱǸʲôͬãȻ޴ҶЦԲᵥжͨѶһȵͨѶʱ䵽ˡ
ΪҶЦףĵãȻôż
һҶЦ϶Լıһ͵ģηС⡭
ǲأ
ҶЦȻԼŮһѪ˰
УŮΪ˶Լأ᱾ܶԼŵĴһִγɣһħԭޱȹǰ;Ʊشۿۣ
ԼŮѵòԵѵΪԼһʱŲסǰ;
ģ
ҪǣԼֻҶЦһ鴫Ѷƣͬȹϵϣתޱʹޡôģ֮ǰŴҪٸҶҽǶͼ鴫Ѷ壬ȴԭˣϡٰұŮǰ;ҪҵŮַ񻰵Ĳˣ
ģһ
ڣ
˳ȥ޴Ѷ壬ʴۣԽԽãһ½﹬ڿȫգҲҪҹ㹻ĴѶ壡
ǣ
⣬Ҫȥ£ʮ׼ҳУ
ǣ
ڷԣĻǲΥɵ
һ˿ϸִ֮С
һߣԼǼȥ֮С
£
һ󣬴Ͽա

춼ǵһߣڵ
һ챬죬֮էը֮漴нһһɵĽبգҡͷβǻʹٷ
£
˽С

춼Ǹ³ΪͻһȻ
˵Ŀ۽ڻʳߣжڲ²⣬ѵֳʲôˣԼһ֮ǰҲ˼ȵǰ£ȻǳС
زʱһ꣬ôôһ
Ƶ̫ܼ˰ɣ

һĽǼꡣ
˶ҶЦϢҲͬ˶áӹؼǣвͬ˼ҽֻԼһ˵ģߣȴһλ
Դӵ£ϴ棻߽壬ϢѣһߣøǼò˵ĺҲǶŬ˵Ľ
ڼνǺ»ˣµˡ
ȴΪһߣó˿ӣЩ޿صĴ֮Ǳ߾ͳ׵Ĳܴˡ
Լﶼã㻹ɴȥɣĿ޽УǱˣ޴ӡ
ȻҶЦĺճתôתϣҲãʼղߣһΣôˣϢû
ʱѾҪĥ
⻹ȥ֮Ϊ˱²˵һ䣺ǵĺû¶ˣηǵøҵһ֮ѵķĸ£кϢֻҪϢһҾʹȥ
ϢһʱģǶһ⡭
ĸµʱﹻһ۵Ĺ͹ȥĺ֮ᡣ
ÿ峿һۣϢû
ûϢ
ûϢ
˵ǲһֱƭң
˵ʵƭңûʲôתǲǣ
ʲôܹȵǱأƭң
ڻƭңǲƭƭˣ
ǲǵĺѾûˣ
ôƭңǲˣ
֮ÿһ죬Ĵжȹ״ԽԽţ˵ʱֻһЩĶ꣡
ɴ˽ҶЦ
쵰ôûϢⶼ೤ʱ˰
ڣϢˡ
ҶЦϢʱ鷿üָۣĳƿڴҪһ˵
ֵΣĵڣͻȻϵĴѶˡ
˰
һ̣ӯԳԽ˹ٵļٶһԾͨͨѶ
ҶǲҶˣ
ֻһ仰ȴѾü쭡ȫǻŭԲѷɫٶҲ˹
ҶЦ˵
ҶЦǱߵĽµ˵һ飬߽ܹĵ˼ֱ֮˸״֮С
һͣ
Ŀ࣡
Ŀɿڴ
нǣۡ
ʼۼȫֻβͺͶƤûиס
ҶЦ֪ζʲô֪ģ
شƬسȻγɵһλȡòƾӣ
ǿǳԽλ֮۴ߣǳԽλ洫˵Ŀٵصһ
ǾǸ񻰰
ԼĶӡȻҲӣ
ԺһƬհףľϲԳѪЩĺ󳾣ʹ˻ʹȥ
һߵȻʤһӳ𾪵״̬֮Ժ𽥻ָ˼ܣԼ״̬ʲôʱһ춯صļУ
һУûһߵҶЦŸôզˣʲôôôô֣
ͨ죬ɴ嶼ͨˣһ̣ӦýӦýǲʵ
ҶЦڿвϵ漴ԽԽƣףأأѾ֨ݣôһˡôģһĶʲôë˫Ͳи𡭡
ҶҶڡڻعȫ˱ĳʹѾģ˵ھҶЦԼƤܺЦȪЦڤ
ôĸϽ˵ôզ¶ҶЦŭδô⡭
ҶҶҽлл̫лˡʵ̫лˣӽԺҵľˣĴ󡭡
һֶû
ŷ֣ͨѶʱ䵽ˡ
ݣһԾΪȻԭӴֱӽԼ鷿ŵϡãƫƫʱˣⲻҪô
ôûˣͻȻûءĿԼɷ򣺡Ǳ߳ʲôɣ
ⲻᡭ롭ӦǳҾֻһ鴫ѶϡգղŴһͨѶʱ䵽ˡ
˲䱩ŭ
ŭ˲佫û¹ǶӣǺεȴ£Ȼֻһ鴫Ѷ壬ҡҸƴңͳһ¾֤ܳȫûеλûĵĶѹûа㽫ӷϵġͷ׵⤡ҵô벻ء
깦˵˵ã˶ͷĭææ𣺡ҵȥ¸٣Ҳ׼һ£ǵ¾͹ȥҶҽǱߣǶӡ
˵꣬Ӵȥ˲ѷɵӰ١
أŭδûĵĶ
ߵûӰ˲ͣ漴˴Ÿ˼˲ϲüҡ
ҶӡҶӡҶҪΪ崫˵۷ϵĴڡ۷谡˲佾ͦظ
Ȼͷת֮䣬ȴһңȥλ˵ʱʲôźá򲻿ɵİǾҪ͵ʲôأ⻹Ǹ⣬˼ǲҽе¿϶ϡ
˰һл
ȥȥȥȥõģֵǮģص£ȫװװСõõãԼȥɣˣ֪ͨʮµػˮ˴սȫԱװ׼ͬһ
ǣ
ֻоɶͷԡ
զˣ
ͬʱݺݵһ
Щ˰
ǿ尡ǽıԼ壬ƽżȻ͵ѾܿɹˣɽôˣѵǷô
ƽ̰ĵ
ؾȻһҪԼı˵ļأ
⡭
һͷ亹죬ȴֲ֪˵ˡ

ǱߣҶЦر
˷˷ˡⶼôôˣһ˵˵žûˣòеŶô˵Ҳأѵæϣ˲ߡôģⶼʲôĸ
ѵ壬ôûѪ𣿡
ֱǻ֮
ˣˣҶЦĶŮˣҪô׵İˣ
ǲϡϡ
ҶЦһ߷һӣŭɶ
˶
ֱˡ


378 ҶۡҶ

ã˵ȿ˲֪ĿǰŭͻڶȻûа˸ڴ˼ʷĳ˻룡
СŽ
ӣôˣСʵ
˪º͵͵ؽСԴҲ鷿ſڣЩսսĴ̽Ϣ٣šӦǴûзô𡭡
զء
ҶЦƽϢһ¶ŭȴָоû˵¡
ͷڽĶӺЩݣ֪ôӺ˵𣬿Լ˵ȿȣɶϲ㣬ˡ
ò˵Ŀǻ纣ͨ͸ĳ鳡ٳȴС׵Сףڲʵĳ˵˲ʵʵ֮Ʒ˼ԲУ
仰һʱĿɿڴ
飡
˪ºͷͬʱصϣһѣΣ
ѵСˣ
ĪԵؿ˿ҶЦŴС죬һľȣȻ̲סͷʶؿ˿ԼС
⡭
Ҫˣ
Լզûо
ɹǲҽ϶ǲῴġǣһоһ㲻Ծûأ
ԼҶЦ֣Դ״Σġ
죬ĪԵĶĳˣȫɶ˼
ȻԼб϶İ⡭⻹ʲô˵
ӽ첻ǳ˰ɣ
ġǡҶЦ۾ס
⻰û˵
ıе㲻ÿˣΪҶЦһ˵ʣбϣóһ˲õĽۣ
ԼҪҶЦӵ裬ǺӲԼģ
ǡǲ˵˱ŮˣǸŮ˻˺ӣԼǸӵĸף
ҶЦĻ߼һͻȻͷĿѣ
ġ
ӳԼ֮⣬λ֪Ȼ֪Ӧйӵδҹ£λ֪˵˵ӵĸλʿԽܣΪмӣӸղ˵ĺԲǾӦҹ
֮ҶЦԵıĸˡ
»ˣ
ͻϢһըһʱľֽ
磬㡭˵ʲôأſڵ˪ºɫͬĲÿ
˪ºŮҶЦǰһСŮģʵŮǺе뵽ȻҲ뵽ˣʱһֱһͬþ񣬱˴֮ǰ࣬˼ȻҪΪ򱧲ƽ̲סǴԼ磡
磬֪֪㵽˵ɶɩʱΪ˾Ľĸôܸɳ£̫ӦˡºʱȥҶЦǰָűŭ֮
ҶЦʱһͷߣºŭòԣתһ֮£ʱ׵Լ˵ʲ⣬ԯޣŮ壬壬̫ˣǼұĽడ
Ͻν͵ȥˣô˵ĵ裬бָʹ˵ɣǿɻǵãǰʱﵰɣԱˣҿɲͶ˰ְְֵ𣿱Ҳ谡ⲻ˳µôһĥĥ˹İ¹޷ȥˣҡ
ˣģ˪ºͬе
ҶЦһ벻ղŻԼüĿļˣһʱסˡ
ԭˣأأҲ֪Լ˴òڵĳĳԼŻԼɫʱת磬׷ʵ
԰԰أ˪ŮҲһ׷ʣ˷֮飬Ա
ɫ仯֮ң̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦ촽鴤һ£ŮǿҵķӦЩ⡣
ﰡҶЦһڿռˣССȻͳֵҶЦУ
оϤ¶ȣǷůеĸоСһʱӵĻˣ
С˾ƨҶЦĻ꣬ѰҸůĵطСǻƽõҶЦϣСҶЦ˷ܵ÷ͷ
ۣ
ۣ
˪ºͬʱĿ⣬ϲ״ؽÿɰ
Ůһͳ
һУҲŨŨϲ
С˺С˼ʶɰ˼£ȵµСģκιɵؾͳŮˡ
˪ºһСС˵ʱһûоκŵǶԣδ֪Ŀ־岻Զȵ۾˲ʱӿſˣС˻ëըСһͷҶЦֻ¶һԴֵ͵Ů
˪ҪȥץСˣСͻȻըëһڻȫκ׵طʽ˹
ѽ
˪Դ˱ҸıȫȻûȻ˪Ӧ٣ܣͷԾɲ㱻õȻ⻹ΪҶЦӦ٣ּһСĻƫԭй켣һ˦ǽǡ
Ǳߣһʳ
ڽҶЦ֮ǰողŴûнйһӹĽ
ҶЦмھ˵ڴ˴ڹս֮ľĥ´ȾԼҲͻƣΪһαڽˮ֮˽ڹ죬ǧ˵ʵ죬ֻҪ֮棬һ׵Ʒ
ϧ׵ҲȲ֮գΪҶЦһ֮£СһŻ˦ѽϡ
ŻճϽʵһ˲䣬ѽʹϢڵˡ
ȫڵˣΪˮҲûγɣôһ̡
һĻҶЦ˼ͣ
ȻһʵβԶԶûн
ǻڵϣԾɳȼգܸɴؽճһӣԽԽ䡭ҶЦ߹ȥͷһǵʱһ顭
ΪһֱȥʮȣųŻеĻԪ֮ɢ
˪ɴ۾Сˣ۾Ǿ⣬Դһķ¡
ղҿǴԼ˻ƣŻԼͷϣֻǵԼͷϡԼԴҲǿڽһ㣬˲ͻ̣
ֻողųģûаƴССһػô׺
ҶЦҲǺȻѣСҪͷæֹ֣ԼˣùãΡ
ְ֣Сͷһ֪Ƶؿ˿ҶЦͷտ˪ȷĵ
ǹùãϵҵãǹҶЦЦãҲ׽׽ԼˡԺһҪԣ֪ɣôûԼˣǲԵģְֻ᲻ϲġ
ҶЦʼɽˡ
С˵Ľ൱ǿٿ˪ѾŨŨǸȻζ౵ĽƺڵǸ
˪ۼС˵ﻹԸղŵıĴ٣ԽС˱СĵḧСȴû˿ʵʵĴ˪ֻʪҶЦ
һߣºҲѾСץڻĸαĺţϲüЦ
ô˼ʸСŮȫûеֿСŮ
ҪҶЦ衣ָ
衣ССȫ޳ɣһؽһ
ʱͨ죬һ裬֮УԵͷһΣȻһ̵ĸоȴ쳣
ʵԣڡ衱ݲУҲУӳԼоӦδҹ£кӲǳ飬ԶԼӵְ׼һŮ˶ԣݻǺʥģҶЦôһһĳף飬ͣȻɽԼĶȴǳɷԱվôһְֵβڣȻ˼軹ܲӦ
˫ģڵ͵͵ĴӦһ
СС˶ʱ˷Ȼܡ
˪ºֻýСһ͹ȥһһһֻŮĽʡ
ߣ
ùúǲһô⻹ռͶͱˡûĵСһ
СһȡûУСһеϲǲʱ͸ǹͻȻΣһ߶ŪһҶЦ
ҶЦһǱ⡭ȡְ
ʱӹһİۡ
ӹŮȡֵģְֿɵòְ˵
ҶЦʱ󺹡ٲɼ˼
漴ŮֱӲҶЦˣССˣʼֹȡˡ
ǿǸԼŮȡ֣ɲ¥ȡ֣
ŮԶ棬ֱӽҶЦһߣȫȻᣬ͵ĳ˲ˡ
ҶЦűӣ취ȣҪȻСͽСҶСС˶ͽСҶС
ӭҶЦģ˫ĵİۡ
ôûм֣ʲôӵԴܹأӵ𡭡
ִۣЭ֮£ŮȷСС˵֡
СԺССҶۣ
˵ɣǻʵ۵ĵۣҼСԺһϵİ
Сطͷ˸ϲأúúãϲ֣Ҷۣ
裬أС˽ʵҲҪҶۣ
ɲٽҶۣ͸ܵŶԺСͽС˶ڴǡҶˣ˵Ļˣʵ۵Ļͬ
ţֺǻʵۣԺ󽫳ΪƬصĻʵۣ˪º־ҶˣҶֺۣã
ҶЦ죬֣ҶЦһθоԼ֡ҶЦ֣֮¾ȻôĴ졭
Ҷˣ
ңڣ
Ҷۣ
ء

ΪССˣţҶҶˣСһܹϤԼ֣˪ºɴ಻ϵĽţСļ䡣
Ҷ˺ҶƺʲôϷϵĴӦţСǽһֺ
ҶЦһͷߡ
Сɲͨĳ׶ôǿͷ˰һͷ֮еĻòãԼֻ֣Ҫ˵һ飬ܱ֤һһһӶǣ
ôӤ˵һֺ
ҶۺҶ˳֮󣬾ͱŮˣŮԣСĸαȻһҲȥˣ
ߣҶۺҶ˶ÿͰ͵ҶЦ˼Զ׼ְ֣ҪصռȥǲôĲѰ·
Ϊǻ۳ߵ壬ҶۺҶ˿ǺԼʲôΧ¶Լʼվ˵ĴڣصԶʵ
ҶЦܿɳܵؽԼһһŮĿӶˡ
Ϊڴڵǰ״̬µ˪ºҶˣҲ򲻸ǡ
öӣŮǾùһȻְһȥǡ
ְڿ϶ǲǵġ

һ˫ŮõҶЦͥŲһؽöѲһ顣
һҶЦͷʾ⡣
˶Ŭ֮Уûκһ˿и
һεĲʹίʵ˶ʶ˵ǰĲ㡭
׹Ǵ״̬һָʱȻȥ
˵ϵʱҶЦҲǱ֮ȴͻȻоƺҡһ£ػΧЩȻǰ
ΧΪҶЦϧ࣬ͻܴﵽļޣһͻ֮ĳ֮ԣʹǲ𾳶ҲԺפص
˼ʣٹҲۣܹЩ𶯣˵ʵֻѲȳѷɫ֮˺ܿǲ𾳼۷ǿߣ
ҶЦʱȫչ
ȴϿգһεľڷٵԶȥ
׵罻ӣԼõûɢȥ
еֵķˣ
ֻ˼磬һȥַ֮ȴûüȫϮ֮ˣ
ҶЦԽԽԶξüͷ
ʹ
ѵǹһ
ҶЦУһ˿ĪЦ⣺ϧϮǰ֮ǰ룬˶ǹɡ׹ˣֶΣҪңѾҵĴҪȻôӵ޻ֶΣɲķء
ˣѷȻ֪ˣҾͰĶɣ
ҶЦ۾ֳǰʢĶĿ⡣

Զʡ
һξҲƵ⼲ԶݣһƬɽ
ɢȥֳ֮࣬һСĺӵŤ죬һأһѪ˳


379 ͻ
ʵ̫Ե̫ˡԭΪԶﴫҲСȴֹ֪ԶﴫʵʵȴԻҪֲ̫࣡
ľګ¶δɫԼ̴档
ùӵֻҹһ£ȥû԰ΪҪǵͼǱ붯ֻ֣¾ˣ˭õõķ󣬼᲻ɴݣ޷Ѱֹһܵ㼴ֱٻ˾ס˲ǵء
߰벽ֻѾױɻһ˰ɡ
뵽ľګ¶ǿҵĺζЦһΪɣ֪˼һûгֻ֣Χķ󣬾ЩҴ֮٣֮ʢʢ֮²ʿ
ˡǸϽȥͨߵı̬ȻɵôǱľӻƽһΰܵôȶĿ걾˶ûţ
ľګӿЦһ˼ҩ漴ٻһ׳磬Զȥ

ԾǴŽգûκ˽
ľȻ֣ϧԾ΢ҶЦӦ֮⣬˷Ϊ̫Ǳȫû
ҶЦȴⷢһ¡
Ĵ˼ҲѾ˷ҳǡ
߽ߣڸ߿֮ϣӸ¸ϧͬҧһ㣬޷¿ڡ
Ҳʶ֮ˣ᲻ɴ޷ѰĴǣǾΧһȦԽ޵飬Ѿ֮Ϊ֮զ࣬
ô㣬Ǹ˵ƴֻԴˮأǮҲô˷Ѱ
ƴҲãԴˮҲգھΧۼ򣬹飬δؿ£οд˵еػ֣˭СҲϧģδ֪֮ǰǵȻ˵ɣ
ҶЦΪξ֮˶֪дѹ
ȴûдھʽս
˲׼ҶЦЦֻǿŹˣϷͳˡ
һƬЦֹסԭĦȭƣԾԾԣǱ
ڽʮʱ֮У㷢˳ٴεĽǿ
ϧÿζ޹Ϊ˳ٻ⵽˷ɣʮ߽߾ʹ׵֮С
ȷ֮ùүӵߴһ
˴ιǰߴɶΪҶЦһƫƫʱɲڣȻүӵ˶ѾˣǾ֣֮ô֪Σ壬ҲҪ־Ԯ
һ۲˾۾
ǿϮƨûУνǿõŶȥ
áսȫȻ֮ɴҲûɳһҪ˵ʲôӦ
ĲӦ֮ӦʢŭȴҲķ
ǰǰѾɥ׵練֮£֪ͬУʸ֮ˣҲʥԪ߽ϵΪϵĸ߽ˣʹԹ̣֮ҲҪܲ
Ȼ˷ôӴĴۣƫƫЩľȴʼǿȻҶƬ֮⣬һƤûг٣
ôģ⻹Ǻ쳾洦ɼ
Ҳٱ̬һ㣡
Ȼ˾ͷ֣ļ᲻ɴݣ޷Ѱķˣ̬ģ
ͬ޾һ㣬Ĵ̾̾Ϊֹ˾ǰ˷ȴ޷޿κΡ
һǳƵ顣
֮ԻᷢϰٴεĹʵĿѴԭĽǿй֣תΪֵһ󷨣ǿҲãơ֡۹ɣΪҪ
ֻҪһƣ󷨱ƣһȴֱӴݻ֣󲻳ͬ󣬹Ѷ϶󷨵۱ضش޴ֱӹԳŻѡǿΪ֮
ػޱ׷ǿ׵繥ǰǿֻǳ˵ΣװʧֶѣַͬĲС
Ȼȴڵڶʽʧֿ֮࣬ϣػĵþ׵֮ܣȻɱףɱΣɱ˹治֣ķͬľˣֻҪ˷󷨷ɣȾĽȥƾһ½СС̫ãö֮ػ󷨱Ȼƣ
ȺٶΣߣ󷨷֮ʼܳ˿ĸ߽߷סˣϾǶҪԽǸ߽ԽϧٶιѾΪٵ֣ðմԽԽ٣ղòͣƣٵ󷨸ǰƽΪһʱ佩
ȴ֪ػһ죬ǵȡ̫֮ʱǶ󷨣ǱҶЦϧͶϾȴҲȹ̵̬ƣǳܻ֮Ϊ˵ֻҪǶڣʮϾһδ󷨾ͿԳ޸˵ǲ޽֮
֣巽۱˼٣ҲҪԱǿǿпܹƣνпܣȻָλӵ㹻ܣģҲֻܸɵûޣ
״ߴ巽ǳ׵ķģæԵȥˡ
ǹȻ˼鷳ǲ棬ԼȥҰɣֻҪ˼У˼Ҳ㣬ǾɵվŰɡ
Ǽ˺ķ˴ȫڿգ׼ӵ½ȴ⵽÷ֱӽɵصǱǧ־ҽ֮ߴ͸ӵķˡ
ķֻյ棬Ҳ˿Ϸ죬϶Ѱ
涼ȥ
йҲС
ӵص¹У
Ϊ֮˵
ν죬Բ֮⣬ȻԲǾûνȱѰң
ˣǳ˽άȵξ֮С
˴ĵǰ𣬳ߣȴʲôɲˡ
˽һͽԶѪص֮⣬ʲô
νߵʰɣ
ڵĹ󣬾Ҫ˱ûнڡ
ôˣһ̶ûˣҲ̫˵ȥ
һ˱Ǿǲ֮ܣǲսܡ˫㲻Ͽս
ǲΣ
ѵﳤʱĺȥĵʱˣǾһ޴Ц
ȻҲôȥԶϾķʽ󣬵˭֪޻̸֮
߶ճٱˣΨһҲҲĶȱȴһ㶼ȱģڿռ߲ѷ죬˵ûǰһ׼һʣ˵ȥ˭Ű
ֹֹ۵ĹƣҪճȫĹ⣬ҲҪټʱ䡣Ҫ˵ڵľУɶʵʵĸ֣㲻ԲȣһҲָܹʮġ
νΧȫù
ӴƵҪҪȴ޼ƿʩ޿κΣ˵
ٹգϺټ԰ټƵķң½Щڲ鿴֮󣬷׷ҡͷ
˷󲼾֮̾ΪֹηϷܸƽ󡭡
ĲƣΪһ壬ǬһϢ˼֮֮裬󣬾͵ڹǬǿԱУ
󷨹άά֮Բ侹˻Ȼһ壬һ˿֣С϶֮󷨣ӡ󣬿ЦɣοƣƣָһС϶ưɣ
תιˡʵ̫ʵΪ
ҪƽԲΨһţֻеȴ߳ͽ֮ճûа취飬˲޴ƽ⣡
ʵҪƴҲ򵥡ֻҪﰲӦҵλãͬʱʹ˫ȫѰԾƾ֡ûӦûӦ޽⣡
ҪԸ󣬻˷ͨأĵԪзѭ޾ֹϢһ̣۲⣬ǿ󣬷ǵôѰ·

еķ֣һֺҡͷ̾Ϣȥ
ҲȫߣкܶһӸȥ۲죬һ
治֪Ǻηܡݲֱ̾Ϊֹ׾ܹ̾棬˵Ī컯
ֻǿһ΢оһ£ȴѾоǰٴγһոأĹޱߡ̫ΰˡ
ҳʱҪƳɷɥĲ˵Σ
ϷҪϸĦ󣬲Ʋ룬ѧϰֻҪѧϰƤëӡ

ЩֵķӦ󽫲ƵѪ
ǳҪһҲһѣôһѵ쳾Դ޷ƣôôôĵĵĵõõá
ھ޲ˡ
У˱ҲûڣƲˣΧû壬˼ҴǲİΪ˰
Ȼάȵʱһù˶ˡ
һ졣
ĸһȫԱϣٴԴƣٴδΧõʱ򡪡ѾΧˣΧˡ
ȻٸֶͨˣÿôɶǵΧ۵û˲ι۵ģ
һôķսģ
ô顭ֱƽĵһ⣡
ǡǿйǿƷˣҪúܶĲǣϾǿǶҪľװ۷Ҳδܹľװ
˶ڹ̬ʱͻȻէѤĲʺ磡
ţǲѤĲʺ磬ǡ
˶ֵĿǱߣ𺳡
ֻǸ򣬴һƬƲ֮Уһ޴ϽͻȻ٣
ǿϵľĿ⣬ҲǧɳϽҡͷβէֿһ̣źСɽһСӣݺݵضЩˣ
΢СĶʱȶӳëȻ
⡭զˡһףⲻôԭγ嵽ˣҪŭĿӣûǵ˼Ұ
⻹ֹ
Ӵ֮һСϽҲ֮
ǡ
ΣҲֻǱСһŶѣͬǾ쳣ӴϽǳ֣ʱƬȾýӲӵģ
й˶áϽ򸾿Լ˵񣬶Щݺݵ˵ƺǿ˲ĳһ㡭
զ¶ǿû죬Ҳû
ǣĵɱȴǴӺζ
ǵҲһͬʱǵɾͲֹһ˽ģǵʲôͬʱŭλأ⡭Ҳûӡ󰡣

Ȼ֮󣬾ټӿʮ˶Ͻ
һ̣ҳǣû˸Һ
ǴҪʲôѵҪһǨҳһĶԽǻȫˣ̣Ҳٴһˣ
ˣ
ôϽǵһ֣ҳǶ˲
ֻǣȻǿƵʮ㣬ɱŨңƲ֮ȴͣ޶ƺڵȴʲô
ݳߣȴ˭˵ȴأ
˶оԼڷ
ľ
Ȼˡ
һķͻȻէʣ죡
漴ֲϼӣšǹͲǲϼǡһѾ޴߲ʷˣϼǧشƲ֮кȻ֡
Ͻ棬γ컪ʣɡ

λߣݰ٣
һԴһǿ֣
⼸Ѿǽ۷֣ȫˣ
Ҫɶ
ѵҪҳǣ
ݣĪ˵治ڷҳǣȫڣȫʵֻҲֵõģ
Ȼ֮ȴǱ˴˽Ӧ쳹ʡ
һ̣зԲȴǿҵĽȻһеＯʧ
ȡ֮һΡ
еΣжվ˰֮С
һϽۣһϮϽɫ磬ͷϽڣ̤ϽģݣɱڣԱž΢صһЩͬɫһϮϽ֮⣬ȴǴһɫӣڿ֣̬򷽣Ӻݻ
Էʮˣ࣬Ԩsţͬɽһ׳䡣
һȼջɫһĽۣӣ˿ͫȻһ
ۣ
۷ഫǷʼ棬Ҳǿٵ֮лķ˳һۣȫ֮𾫻Ϊϣһӡ
ıʵ֮ѷɫֹһһ۶ϣҲҪ˼һ¡
ΪֻҪǽΣʯͨڤ֮У̵ĻܣǿΪ֮Ҳ£
Ŀܣ
ۣΪһһ
£绪ۼʮʮŮʮ˵֮ˣһ࣬ŭ
壬ͬ򸾺ͽһԵʮλ֣
棬ʵģҲв𾳸߽ʵ
Ҳ˵ģҲڵĳǿ
̣
֮һɫ԰ס
ôǿߣ嵽Ҫʲôģ
صôأ
ǵģԷҳǵأ
ţ϶ԷҳǵģֻʷᣬǸ⡭ǧǧǧǧҪǵðȺС첲СȵСɫҪôֲأ
϶Ƕģ
Уǿ߷ֳУӿл¡
֮ԶԾطֳһ·ǰС
Ȼʱ֪Щǿ⵽Ǹʲôǡסǵĵ·ȴǷǳǵΪ
ǿȴǺ޹˼ɣֱײ
ȴڹĴͨǰһͣסˡ
ʲôˣ۾һɣͻȻȻŭΪʲôҪס·ôȺͼıҪı̱𣿺õҶԱͼı죡
һΣ
ס·а仰Ӻ˵
Ǳ߻ûйǾԶԾؽ·˳ǰǿļǧͨһӶûС
ɶʱס·ˣ
ֳɵͨߣȴ·ھͣˣҪΪʲô·
ҲˣȷʵǰߣôͼıˣôͼдˣǳȺӣҲҶôɣ
ôô
ʣЩҲǲ˵ڵģ˭֪ǿ߳Ĳλв̳
˴˿Ϊ֮Цѹסһɱϥ˵
ţŭһô˵ڼǼ𣿣
λǿߵʱһ±ơ
ɶʱ˵ˣΥĵ˵˴Ǵûнġǰղ仰ɲСҳǶ˵˴˿˵ˣ
ԩ˶ûôİɣ


380 ɱ䡢ة
ֱˡ
Դ˵ĳ˵˵壬˵ʲôã˼ȭͷǵԼɵûޣ
ʱһ߽̬򷽵񾲣̬š
λǿ۾ζŽഫȻƢ𱩣ȴˣˣָֹֻˡ
¡ˣԽݵĶͬɽȪ£˵Ļȴù˼ǰһڣ˹ȥ
£Ƣõˣر˵裬Ȼôƽ͡զ֪ƢɶʱôˣЦ˵ʢ֮£ѸƢãǺ˵áҵĻǾԾԲ̵ġ
ɶף
ⶼĸİԭָȼ˵ͣԲû뵽ƾôߵݣȻɿͼӴףɿĻ
˶һ±ơ
λ߰ȻôĿŵڰǿʶߵڰףǷǣָ¹Ϊͷβ᲻ֹڴˣҲˣϾ߶һ·Ļɫ
Ǵ˵ƢãĽȴ˸ԩˣһӺǻϽ͵Ľడ
ԣֹͼӴףϽͣڴֵɰ
һ̺һˡ
ǣ׵òеˣ
ΪĲȻŭѾǱòҪҪģ׵غСӣԵ޹ʵסҵ·ҲҪͼı졭ֱ޷죬Ĳ񣬶˵ǿ벻̣ˣҽȺС֮ȫɱˣ
ʮսͬʱһһӳ˳
죬Ϊ֦ͬķһôҲܾôţο»غ棬岻ϣ˵ȫȥæҪһڶ
侲

һɷǿҲһ˳
ֲһҪ޳ˡ
ǬĿ֮£λ߻ܸܲӲҪһ㡭
ⲻ۸Ҫô
ʹǿʹų޽һչһɣֵ֧ܵߵǿϮ
ҵĶҪƣ

һ
Ѿ˫鷳ģȻ֪Ϊʲôȫһ£ǾǡԵ
˫ɲǾػ׽ٲ׷ɱǣעʮʵ˫Գ֣Ƕ֣ǲϵĳߣһȫԱ±ض𣬾޽ң
һ֮ͨ£һʱתⳤĻⳤ磬伣ֶε伣죬Ǹµأ֮䣬ˢˢرֻɥ֮Ȯ
ȻĹûΪǵݶսᣬɽѹһȻ£
һڱĴĻȻһ㣡
䡱һ
ٹֺ½һӿеûڵϣͱһѪ
һҲԲ˺Գ֡ٳֵ˼ʷ۾Գ˹Աм䣬ɱ䣡
ӣǲ鷳浱ɷ򣬵в֮һ㡭
ֻǣȻһսһɱ
˵ĵɱ
壬˫µʮλǿߣ޽Ȼʮ֮ǰͬǩԼ޽֣
Ŀ꣬Ȼ޽һɹ
ǰ󲻹һӵĹ򣬹Ĵͱ˳ϣ
Щһӹ֣ȫʥԪϵߣ
ǹм
һƬƬƮҶĴݻ٣ɱ
û֪ǿΪʲôôôݣô
ѹ˲ƣ߾ȫʩɢȻռʤƵǿԾɲĵĳĴ׷ɱһȫԱݵͷ
һᡣ
ۿǰΪ˳Ľڣ뵽ȻҪ
ס֣
һһĴȣէȻڰС
һƮƮӰ֮ڷҳϿա
ͽͬʱһ֣вֹͣɱ¾жӡ
û϶ˣȫǲϵߣɱҪٳĲԾأ
˵Ŀⶼ۽էֵİϡ
ͣڱһ̬ȣȻѾ룬ȻҪӣϾԴѹСɱ¾ʵûи塣
干ͬصһ㣺£Ҫ˹нıҪ
ڣǹˣǾͿԽˡ
þòɭȻȻǿѹŻ
ȷʵǾüˣة࣬ة໹ɣһһЦǸԷӵĻӦ
ԷȻֻ˰һˣ˵ȴ㹻Ի·硣
Ϊ£һ֮֮ϵة࣬䳾
䳾Ĺ֮⣬ǴĴ֧׵֮еһλ
˫ݵκһض˫ĺݽɫȻҪ㹻أ
ة࿴λµĻҲȥ˰ɣ
ȴһЦȻةô㲻ҲùˡةӣôҲҪġֻǵû뵽޽Ĺ󣬱ȻةλֲùܹΪ޽һȻʵʢ֮²ʿ
仰ں˵ζ˭Ҳóһȥȴֱӣ̫һѪŬȫĨɱ࣡
ة൭ȻֻԱ̫ӵһ㲻ĶѣθҾӹ
ȻλŭȥôĳҲ;ʹ˸ˡة˵
ةأ߲̬͡
ةಢû׸ԣ˫һȦһĪڿѸٻ㼯
һ̣ةɫȻһ䣬ŭ磬ɱҲͰˣΪλҪڶҲһ𣿽ڶȫߵǺ쳾֮£ѵǾȻˣ
һɣȹة࣬㵱Ҫܲɣ
ߣ
ةͷұ˴˶Ѿ൱߶ȵĽɫжԱ˴˵ѻȻ˵ǣôǾһ˫ֽš
ةһɵĿɨӣȻ߶ĵ̣ȻúܣҲҪ硣˵վʹƮȻȥ
˫һ̸ֻ˼仰ةྶԸǶȥȥҲҴҡ
ֻһ仰ȴȻڻ߶ڰи
ֻûκ֤ݣ޷ԴѰƣֻȥ
ʼնûз֣õ֮ϣ֦Ҷǵһϣһֻѩѩ׵СһĶš

ô߽ߵȻǱȫˣôܴ
һʱʱ䣬ݵӰ٣¾Ͻ
ǿߣȷةȥ֮󣬼µõĴǰԼɫβסĪ
ֻλڴ˼ʷ˼ֻ˵һƽӵо
Ҷҽڣǰݷã
仰ճ޲Ϊ֮ĿɿڴĿ࣡
޷۷ǿߣĶܵõߵȼӭǣĸ߶ȻݷҶЦģԴʿ֮УȻЩζ
Ϊʲô
ֲһͶԹѰҲɱ֣ԭྐྵˡ
ֻλҶҽʲôֶΣʲô죬ʲôʸܹ߽̬ŵ֮ͣ
⣬߽һѽ֮գ
ǿĿ֮¡
õĴţһ㣬ƾ鸡֣Ȼ
һ꣬ͥŲһŶһЦԭλǰҶЦʧԶӭˡˡţλڷ衣
ò˿ЦǵȻģǵȻġ
ҶЦطеС
仰ĸк壬ǲͬ˶ȥĿˡ
ǿ֮£ʱüͷһ塣
λҶҽ˲ʶأ
ǿǸհΧ㲻˵мҪ֮ԣʵ̫ˣ
ǵֻҪȻŭˡ
ȻԤ֮ǣЦЩһȷʵ̫ޣ̫ռطȥӦõӦõģֻҺ˽ȥͺá
һߣǿסĵļԼȥͺãҶҽ˵ȡ
֮²۾
⣬զ£ǵɶʱôƢˣ


381 
ⲻ֪ףҶЦԱȴڱԼĺӡ
ǣʵ̫󣬾Ŀǰ֪ԽԽã
ҶЦ֮ͬ£򸾺ͽˣְִѱȵؽá
ǿ߷
ڽõһС·УҶЦ̬ȣڰķУڰྡ
֣ҶЦԼŮ˵ʱȻľʹԼһĴӣ͸ȥ
˵ûжֻӣѾ޼֮
һһǫѷ˵Լ̫˷ˣΨȹɫ
ǳԹ񰡡
֮𣬾Ȼ
⡭ֱͬһĲ˼鲻Űɣ
̬ȣǰδУκ˶ùˣˣ֮֮ȴ統ǰж£ޱȳ羴
һص
һҶЦ鷿
˶ûѾ̲סʳĵе⣺ҶҽǺ
ҶЦ˼Ҳǳٽᣬ׼Сȱ˫ʧԼҲ᳹׸СδԼֶΣγܽСϴ֮죡
ɵ̫ˣƾִٳ֣֮ôʧ͵ųΪ֮֮˵ϰְɣ
λĸȲѯʣȻˣԼСʵ״ɣĲ֪Ǹզ¶֪ĳɷȫȻͬ
ʲôզ¶ôȫȻͬˣ
Ȼһۣ漴׹ϴҶЦѶ֮ΪС쳣ô¡ԼΪ̫𺳣ûüشҶҽᡭ
˼µͷȻ׼ȴҲԼúܺò٣ʵԼǸء
һбأ
⡭ֻ»˵ĺܰ
ȥҶۺҶСҶЦȫǳϲ˶һο
ҶۣҶˣʲô
ţҶۣС֣ţҵĶӣȡ֣ҶۣĵۡҶˣСˣҵŮȡ֣Ҷˣ˵ĻˣҶŮǻʵۡ
ҶЦעĴ֮ϣ
Ȼͣ⣬ȴһԵͷ
ҵĶӡ
ҵŮ
ҶЦҪġôĶӡŮ
ʱ˵õֻǩһѪ
ĶŮ֮˵
Ƭ֮һĹֱҶˣֱҶۣܰ
ְ֣
ְ֣
ҶͬҶһ
ͽ۾ʱͺˡ


ҶЦȴǲԼͬһӦ
Ȼ໥ԶԷ˸ۣҶӽңӦëߣ
СһĻһζһʹ˸ԽնҶЦ˽ҶЦ˫һ̽Сһһţһһĸαĺţתͷ֮ʶʹ˸ɫ
˲ʱᣬת߳ȥȴǽ鷿Ķ鷿תΪһΪεĿռ䣬һʶκ̽⡣
Ȧͬʱˡ
ۿС˺СҶЦŷӵȵ׽Ů˵жһǿĽʺޡ
ȴһ𺳣Ǹˣôĸԣ۵ȴǹעСղŵĳС˵ҶЦеĹ̼ݣȻȴѾչֳ侪޵ݳ
СΣߵȻӵոε츳ҪӵΪ֮츳Сճεģƾ޽УӡУȷʵǰδеģֻһɶ֤Լӵ츳ǸߵûˣȻС˵ͶͱֶȴǸһ㣬һ˲Ĳʹ˸ǿռ˲֮ҲǷռãֶΣֻ¾ķԱòã˼ȴһֻɷϣ̾Ϊֹ
Ҳýаְְ֣֡裬ǸԪĸҶЦСҶؽ͵
С㯵۾ҶЦϣĿͷ⣬ʲôʲôʲôʲô
һʲôҶЦе±ƣȷʵòųûСʲôԪе㳶Ҫνźأ
ţְǿİְ֣ռһ۵ǸˣȻ׵İְ֣λְֻǸ壬Ǹʼٸߣͬ׵ˣô˵𡭡
ҶЦоԼͷЩˣȻѾΪѵĽͷ
糺죬ݺݵصҶЦһۡ
Ҳһͷߡ
ѾСӲռұ˰ɡ
漴͹˲ˡ
õ˽͵Сأ۳ɵĿϾѪζڸǲˣƬ̣һԴԱܵܰо𽥸֡
ְ֡衭С۵ؽеЩɣЩȷ
úӡһѱССԼϣϲứ
ұұЩżĴߴٵȴֲҸ
㻹뱧ϽһȥûĵġᣬڳҶЦ׺쳣߳Լô棬㻹Ҫ󱧱զô
һΣҶЦҶЦƲƲ죬粻Ȼֻ硣
СҶְ֣ء
ţҶˣ衭ţ衣ҶЦתͷ˿绪ӣҲ֪תʲô˼ʹļһ䣺ְ֡
ŭصҶЦһۣһҧһΣյϢȻ
쵰ȻҵϷ
衭СҶ˵Ľл˲ʱͽϿֲɱϤţһŵͻȻ̨Ϯﻹдء
Ȧ˲ˣСؽС˱ԼĸαһĿš
ҶǾƨɣڽȥϲصĵϵζúţȰְֶ
ıҶˣǵõ¼ıһ㣬һʱ䣬С˵ʶ˲ˡ
ѪϵĸŮĵ΢оĻ

ȣ
֮ʵ̲סҶЦؿһ
ʲô˼غԼװְֻһɶҲ˲ˣֻǹűźȡ
ǿҶŮòã
֪֪۰ɶÿ죬Ųűװְֳִǵžۣ
֮֮еλѹˣλǾˣ֪⣬мֲ˼ЦЦмڨȻ
ǲǸ˵һ˵¶ˣŰְĿɻءҶЦ
ˣԼҪȷʵǸȷǵĺӣǲǡ
ĻͻȻֹ
ҶЦüǲʲô
ǲġǸӡЩѵһλ
ǲܸҶЦ˵ϾڵҶЦѾԼӽβƵĹϵ֪Ҳûʲôⷴڡ
Լжϴһǡ
ô
ⱲòҲûľᣬһʱ䶼֪αˣ
ҶЦɻı飬ЦЦҶҽԵҲǲܸ㣬˵飬Ϊֱӵ֪ȫӦõģ״ҺγǸͬܣ˵ףʧˡ
΢΢ЦЦǷһ壬мǿߣ־λӵ֧˹ڵڤˣڤ˱¹Ȼҷһ۷ǿߡȴǱǿߣٻλµʵԶʤڤ˱£籾˱£ӵ֧˹ڵ߹ڻߣճ巽⣬Ƕ֮ȻǷһǿ߻˱£ڷ˻Ѫ֮Уһڿഫء
Ǿǡһʼ棬ǿٵصʱɺлĵһλʥˣǡŹ
ŹҶЦоԼһ¡
ǵģ˵еʼˡ֧˹ڣÿһ֧ûѤޱȣһĶȫͬͻȻ˾ſ̫һ㡭
ǲǷһϵ۷ɾ͡鼶
ҶЦĿɿڴʶĽĿҶϡ
šԼŮӵоɫôǲ˵ԼŮȻ߱˿ԳΪǱʣ
ҶȴԶۡıҶˣΪ˶֧˹ȻѾͣȴǳֳͬɫȻӹѤãȴȫͬһҪһ¡
ҶЦûʧĵҪô飿СС첲СȣɵϸСһ㰡
ĳٲȻһȸĿ
ĳһۣȻע⣬ѵһܺԼĺ𣿡
˵գҶЦҪһصĶ䣬źӽȥȥˡ
أҶЦ
ҲҪȷһ¡ʵȷͿˡҶ۵˶죬ϳǶܱϳ˵ȫ˴˵ʼģʼҲûгֹʼ۽ȫȫڵ¡ҶȴǽƬǵβν̲
ҶЦô͹̲ȫˣҶ۵ĶûиأԾ©Ժɵ취ֲȱ
һ飬ҶЦĿޱ飺Ҷҽ֪Ҷ۸̻¶λãǳʼλãȫϳ˵Ļۣʥװ롭
ҶЦԾһ㶣æչȥԼϸӡ
Ҷ۱ŪûĲϻЦŤŤȥ
ҶЦĿһֱˣҶۿ¶ĸǲϸСɫƬƬ֮࣬ÿһ鶼Се飬ܲ͸硣
һû֣ǰ׵ġҶЦͷ
⻹ûз֣ԼֻעЩĻۣȫȻûע⼸ûйİ룬Ϊȱλã뵽Ƿǿĵط
˸ļȴǿпţʷأʼΪغԪܶ干ʮƬʼĽۣʮƬʥװ롭
ҸղˣҶϣʮƬʼĽ۸Լ࣬߰Ƭʥװ븲ڸнǣβǾ⣬ûгֹ
βҶЦһ£æҶֻһβץ棬ϸ쿴
һ
쵰ôԼӰְֵģʥװ벻ʶ̫ûעҲͰˣβôԵ֮Ҳû֣
ҶЦƵԼӣȻǾϡ
СβֻͣһʵȴǾһģһβһֻǿ̫޷죬һ壬ǲϸϸĽ֮Ϳ
ǷҪһļ飿ҶЦȲ
һָоԼӣŮԷǱѰ
Ǻˣص춼ûƽ֮ŵҶЦҶҽҶΣ顭ǣǼͬӡô塭ӴˣǷһ޴顭⡭
Խ˵ԽԵ״Σ֪ƣҲһмĪ
һ̣ٶҶ۷Ǵӻȡһ鿴Ѳȱģȫѩѩʯͷ
ǿʯͷ̬ƣֻ±ȳʥҪؽʯͷϣָɴ˾ŸͷϣȲѣðʥˡ
ҶЦԲȱȫȴŨºۼİʯͷһͷˮ
Źڵϵ״̬תҶ۱˹ȥҶ뿪һ̣Ҳߡ
ΪСĵıҶ̧ۣҶ۵һСצӣŰɫʯͷȥ
Ҷ۵СצӸո̧˲䣬ⶸȻһ
Ϊһֱղţûз֣Ҷ۵СצϣȻҲűʥװϸСܵϸϸۡ
ҶȻ֪İְʲô¶۾ţƺоܺӣ˿ֵЦԼСצһɫʯͷϣɴཫ֮һצץг档
Ҫ״ȴǴһʧɫ
ȴѾˣѾˡ
ɫʯͷѾҶץ
һ̣һǰδеŨƣȻӰʯͷ֮ɺȻƣͬƬһͻȻݣӿ糱ޱ޼ʡ
СҶԱһСצץŰʯͷһ±ơ
һ̣Ӱʯͷð˳
ͻĺԽԽŨˣڵϣͷŵ棬ͷҲ̧
СҶ۳ţ»̡
˭˭ٻ𣿡һŨŨĲͷǸ߹ǣĹͷܴô鷿ٻˡ
Լеط˵ǰǸʲôڵء
һ͵鷿ʲôͷ
еĲͷķ겻תΪϵŭǹŭ𣬷·ܹһȫҽ
УżӷէȻһʵӰէε۾ͽ鷿ȫռۿžҪ쭡
ʱʮ궼ûٻȻȫûġף
Ȼı⼸䣬Ȼѹø˿ڡ
ȴȻһζġס
漴޴Ӱʹʧˡ
ǰѹȸɣеӰ죬ȴѾתһ˵ģ˸߹ڳۣݹӣۿ֮䣬һ˵Ĳŭ
˵ͨ𣬴ֻڶͷֻһǡ
˼ʣ˵۾ԽضССҶۣʼķŭתΪµĴ㵣ֻΪĻϲ
ǷϵѰ챦
ô£˭˵תΪºͣȴԾɼһԼļС
򸾵ʱоϵѹһᣬڴһϢͼæͷոճĶӡͷСӵġЩò׼ǰδУԾˡ
Ķӣ۾ǺɵĿɨɨ״ĵƽҵʣôĳȵ񣬳ʥĳ֣ʹѪУҲ޴˿ܣ
ͨ죬ʹԴһʱ䲻֪˵ɶźá
ӰۺɵĿֿվǾòܣ૵ͷСǱñӶ֪ɡ
һͨ죬ǿҵҪ𣬵ȴ干ͬȣǲҷŭֻǰѶöˡ
Ҳ԰ǱñӡҲѰôǿǱԡǱٴҲɣҲûӡأӰ߶߶߶ţͷ󲻵⣺ίʵ̫桭롭ôľ͵ͻȻһ衢ġôᷢ£
Ѿ޵ݣüҪɱˡ
ҶЦûԱߵҲˣԼڱһҲôˣڡҶЦΪһһ߿ء
ʲôñǱûӡǻµġʲôһģԼ򸾵Ķ飿Ҳԭֺ̬òã
⺢ӵͲãֻʡӲͷƤĴߴٵ
⻹ʲôɼģӰͷĵͷڣۣʥ׻βںʾȻһáﻹҪҼҫҪ
仰棬һ˿˿ﰵơ
ƺǳΨҶָоͻȻˡ
ȴ˷ܡ
ҵʻá
ۣ·ϵ޾ϲĴڱͷϣ˵ʱһͷĿѣ
һ̣ȫԼĶ䡣
ʹԤϣʹʵȻǰԾǾϲţ
Ӱ˵Сһֻɳ޵еĴڣСһｫǿʤǰ϶飬ޣǿʤʲôԵĴǿǰδеǿߡҪˡ
ͻȻһϣ׼ĺˡ
漴޴һɣ˭ǰٻ𣬷ˣ
ȴǿҶЦٶ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦͷСҶҳַģ֮Ҷ۵ĵһף
˵仰Ѿʤκ͡
û
һеȴǷ


382 ȫ
ԭʵõէȻʵʼ۾ҶЦãһлº££ģһ
ҶЦЦЦҲˣҶͬҲҵĶӣΪȻ¡ǰؽ黳
ʹλʼ棬ҶЦֵԾǲҪ֪ղʼ֮˵ͬǽҶЦŵ˵λϣҶЦǵ޻֮⣬ֱӾ͸ˣĻı֣̾ΪֹĿ࿴
ӰעҶЦƬ̣֪ΪΣоȻǰδеζоտʵĪ£޲ꡭ컯Ūˣ컯Ūˣ
˵յ˵ͷ㼴ҶЦһǷ޾İɵĹЦʱҲҲҲȥҲ
ԭȻʵ·ߵӰȻعã漴ʹûͷûβʧˡ
򸾶ǰĿɿڴĿƿԶΣֱӵˣΪΨһĸоֻԼԴԵĶ·ԵӾϰ
ղŵһĻôܻᷢôܷôҷ
˭
ǿʼ˰
Ƭ֮䣬Ĺͬȣ
ȻҶЦ
񣡣
Ժ˵Ǻ쳾е۴ȫһҲܲ
ҶЦСؾô֮صأ
ôܣôң
Ҳ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫˰ɣ
÷պϣ͸Ǳ˵ţһСôܸɫôܣСʶ࣬Ҫǣȱʵָ֮󣬶ȻҪÿ˵ˣڱĵ£ЩķˣȻǱ˵ˣײף
ͻȻʧǿɫʯͷҲ֮΢Щšžһ죬ԭԵòȱȫʯ飬һεһǡ
ҶЦס
׵İɫʯͷΪλôĿӿݣѿϵղһĻʯͷȻϵʼߣڴ֮ǰΣʱҲٻæΧˣֹܲһΡ
ҪȻʯͷҲģȱһ飬ȱǡ
ͷڣۣʥ׻βں󡭡
һ˼ʼ˸ԼӵԾɴ͵޷
ȻԤУӵ֮߾ҪԼ󣬵ȴҲ󲻵ӵʾȻܹߵϣȻԽʼĳڣ
ͬ򸾵ĴͣҶЦĹȻ˼СҶԾڱǿѩ׵ʯˣطŸͷԵÿֻ䡣ԵӾһֱȶء
ع۾ƣͬڿϡ䱦ȫȻ˶ֵĵߣľ
Ҷڻعӯӯ£ҶҶ𣬴̥ǣ춨ɾʹ˵Ļʯ˴£ûһݣ
˵ڲ
ΪѾ֪ν塣
ǳԽʼʣɳ֮󣬽һεȿֲĴڣ
žδصһ
Լصһĸף
ǱȻᱻʷĴڣ
ôԼҲһΨһģʷĴ
ڴ֮ǰδй
һУҶЦ裡
ȻҪֵĵЩһ̣ȴҲ̲סĪ
أǶӵǰ;
ע˲ûԻ͡
䣬һλĸײϣԼĶӵپΪ񻰴˵
ԼĶӣǿõĹ̹;ڽ£
ҪŬֻҪһͰǰУߵǸµĸ߶ȣ
һ̣ʧأԸӡ
ȿȡɩӿ𣬲ֵġҶЦȴЩˡ
ҶЦºģ˼ģǵ͵Ӳ͡
˼ȴĲܲΣһƺЩҡƺԷΪ̫Զ˫ĹϵΪСĹϵһƺ׼ңȴòƲô¶òҲֻнɩӲǿ˵ùȥ
ֵܣɴϣȻڴӦֵܣǡɩӾͽˡӷɩӷһٶʮģ
÷ס
ԼĶܹӵʣȫΪҶЦԵʣ
Ȼ֪ҶЦʲôֶΣԶ϶ǽռбȫڶϣҲ϶Ͳڵ
ȻҶЦֶΣӸҶЦõѵѡ
˵ʵڵģ֮ǰǴû뷨ιһҪӱȥΪҶЦҲϧġԼĶӣԼߣǺε
ȴѾȫû뷨
ΨǶԶǰ;洦


383 ļԵΪΣ
ҶЦͷɩſģСһǵĶӿãԲʧ
ץҶЦ֣ͷǹȾһߵǽһŤ
ôʲôںƶĶԼñӣһȻԼ֣ȻڡܼϱԼĶиһˣһ˵ôʲôǵĶӿãҲ˵̫һ㣿
ҶЦ˿ֿ˿һЦѹܹڵĳɾͣߣγ²ɣ˵ۣ
ҶЦ仰˵֮ԡθ֮˵
̣Ҫߵ̫̫˰
ùȻüЦ
ȴһۣǳҪһ䣺ҲѾûꣿôȢòһĸһĸϻЩᣬûиͬܣ˭˽ң
ĬĬᣬϻùеЦݣǡˡ
ЦЦ˿ԼɷһͷӣٿҶЦȰֶΣԼҶЦɲټƣӼᶨҪ뷨
Ҫȥˣû׼͵ø⺻ѧһͷͷˡ
ɲܰԼıӣӣ̷ˣ
عԽǻعԽ侲ԽˣȴԽԽ

Ҳûκˣκǿߣܹλ߸ĸֵ壡
ڿҶ۵ֱӾǳʥ

ʱֻһһ߿ļ
һ£ɫһ䣺Ǳ߳ʲô°ɣ
δ䣬ͻȻ鷿ű顱һײĳ˽
һ
ֻСˣԼؿǰټҶЦһ˲ȻʹˡۡһʣҶлˡ
˹أ
һߣȻֱӸҶЦˡ
Լϲģڹܷ֮ͨ󣬵õһԼЩϲ౬ըĽۡ
ҲֻǾ֧˹һɫԼŮȴǾ֧˹ھɫ
ԶԶس˷ʣ
˵Ļ̲סĻ£ҷһ壬ռ⡣ŮһĻԻͣͻϳ֣
Ī
ҶЦĸмױȣ˵ҶЦʲôҪ󣬽ܾýȥҲһüͷ
Լһ˵ǰδеĻԻȣʲô
ڴ֮ǰ򸾻ǽƺҶЦ֮ʱҶҽ֮ϾҶЦӰǲҽסЦƣʵڲ˫УȻڣ˫ҶЦĳνתҶǴҶЦĶλߵԼƽĸ߶ȣ
ߣ
Īһ̣ղҶЦǸ棬ԼԼעĹؼ
ȻҶЦԴȴ֪
Ҷ˵Ҷ۴²࣬ҲĳЩָ㣬˽Ҷ˵ǰ״̬Լδǰ;ޣ˼ʧ̬ˡ
ҶЦæܶԷʩԸο
ֻݼʼƽϢһֱã˲侲
һߺҶۺҶˣһȲ裬һڡ
ͽҶۺҶ˵񣬱Сһ㡣
ĴȰĳ磬ġᡣ
ˣӵɱĶ֮أǲð̵ģںĻǷ͸¶һڶҶЦĳƺѾĳ˾ơ
ʼҶҽҶԼľȴǲݽζȻ
侲֮ҶЦַ˫ӣʱɲǽ״̬Ҫ뽫˺ѾԼע޷ĵȶ컯ġبδĵزҪʲô
ǵ޷񼣣
Ȼ֪Լô˼ذµɣȴǲʲʣ̲סʣ
˵ҲһͷˮҶЦͷ治֮˵ĪһԵɣ˵ӵĴԵҲЩϢŨ˰ɡ
ͽǵͷǻ治ҶЦ˵˵ҶЦʹĳЩŴٳ˫ӵǰ״ղʼֻͳˣҶδɾεĻԻͣվֻһϣܵõɾ츳ķţƵҶ츳ĶԻԵ϶Ըơ
˵ҶЦʼٸߣʵ򲢲ȻҲ֮УҶЦȫȻ˽б仯֮ǰֺαżѯ˫Ƿ˫ӵ״쳣
ҶЦ˵ȻһЦǿЩôᰲĽԼĺ


384 ˣ
Ҫ˵ӷʲôʵĻ־ֻǰʱ䣬ͻȻͻԭƿµʱ붨硣ҶЦ֮ǰСһѾȥ˷Ե
ҶЦ˼ȴһĺ˵˵ˡʵ֮ǰѾѹηʱ䡣
ҲԿŲģԣͽѹһضŨȱ쳣ŨӣƬСһΪԭ򣬶һʱ䣬ҲܸʵһЩϾֻ̥еʱ󣬶һʱ𡭡
߶ǰͷ仰ˣ޷ᡣ
ԵҽСһķʱ䣬Ϻ¡ҶЦһֱȹģҲ޷ѹַʱ䣬Ȼ
ҶЦ̯̯֣Ȼͳӡ
ҾɶԭҵһͷˮҶ֪γɵĽǺǻΪ˴ѶǣǾȻ˵һֱƵ죬һǹΣίʵµӡ
ᵽ£߶ڨڨЦЦεúܡ
ɻѹƷʱɣ
˱ܵΪҶЦ˵ѣ˵©ʲôؼ
ҪǹӾ츳̣ôνĳǿˣ
ɻĿ⣬ҶЦ̾˿ȻɾСһԭ򻹲ֹڴˡϣСһΨţġ֡ӦҲ뷨ô
仰˵ˡ
˭Լĺ϶һ޶
ͷףȻȻ
ҶЦ㶺һ¡
ʱҶЦνյ
ͬСɣĵóҶЦľŴռ䣬Ȼ˲٣
ҶЦȲѡ
һºĸȥ
ֱ֮գͽֱǰһԾɱҶۺҶˣĸαı
ҲһλĸĿҶҶεٽֽٶȣ֪ԣҲ벻ģ
˵ӴȥҶЦԸ⣬˫Ҳһڸϵģ
ǻ˲žһ뿪Լţţռ˫ʱ䡣
֮ԼڵĴڸ谭ӽİʯ׿Լ˵ǣӵԲԼˣԼɶеĽʡʱȫǱĻǻҪ
ǰ̵һȻô᲻ãҲˡ
Ҷ£ûֻһ仰ɽ𺣣ǣ
ٷֱ֮ʣ߶ĴѶ壬ҶЦֿ⣻֮³ŵ
仰ķνأവȷҶЦΪƵͬ˹ϵܵ˭ֻ˵һҪæ˵˱ƴľ֣ҲǰԸǽͬеĵλŵλ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦҡͷλĺҶĳȻ׵ģΪҶҶ˵ĹϵԨԴٲɷ֣ҪҶĳԻῪҶĳֽ鲻֪ô֮ˣֽ׶ζԣίʵˣӦô˵ֻҪûԮ۾ȥ˺εΣѵĵزλҪǰֻҪԹ۾Ϳԡ
ΣѣǿͨԶǰ·ĥʯبŲƵ
ҶЦ˵ͬĵֻƾԼϵȥҶۺҶ˲пĵ۷壬չ³ˡ
һ죬СһɾͷǷһΪ֮ϲ
һ죬СһҲ֮·δ˱㰬Ҳֺͷ㺣⡣Ϊ־ǵ
ҶЦʼմ΢Цһһ˵λ
ͽĬȻ
ȻŸӵ飬ȥ
ҶЦĻȫûа䷴
Ϊǵʱ۷ǿߵǣβʲôǿ֮·
ҶЦǶԵģ
ӵһпԱǿʱӵ֮õʣⲢǾ˵һܳΪǿߡ
Ʊ仯ʲôܷܶ
ȥΪǿߣ
;زۣ

ߵȥ
СһžͱҶЦ˶ѵٶȣСʵ
ȴѵСѡ
ʵ顢֡ʶκһ涼ѡ
Ǹ֮¡
ĳΪһ飬ѵ츳ֻЧȻҲ֪Ρ
ο»СһЭ绢


385 
ʱΪ˫סͣȻʱĽȴѾַ졣
ǿϮȫԱǹľ֮ʿλø죬ΪţСԣɽѹݿ̬ƣȴ뵽ػ۽޼ƿʩѣַǿ߶ս
ǵø־ˣⳡɱ֮У˽֮һ
ةսͬλǿߣһҲزȥˡ
ڴ¼ͬ쫷һѸٴ޽Ҳ죡
ֲþٳٲսԭڵȴԮ
治ᱼ磬ʵ˵˵޽˭㣬˵Ϊʲô˵
ˡڶӲȻĻڣЦҶЦƾʲôȻǰͬ峬ϵռսһǰɷ˵ǿսɱ֡ʲôϵʲô
󰡡
ɲѰأ̫ӣǿƳ֣ǰ۽а壬̣˼
ҶЦкܹˣ
̫ӵ£δүҧݣǿ߻ھʱ򣬸Ͳκε
ֻͷŭ𣬵ȴᡣ
ʵûǿھԾûаտԹƾߣǿѣӦô˵ĵ桢һûʲ˵
Ƹ¥
׹˵ʼĩ֮ƵЦһһˣĵ֮ܿ֡
ĪԣȫȻ׹Цʲôĵأةĳ棬ֻȫ̸Ľ֣˵˱ˣǴӺ˵ѵ˴⵽ش֣֮
׹ҡҡͷҾ˵½֮ʱȱֱʵǿƣԿֵܲľʣǻܲҶЦ֣ν裬֮󣬹ΪڤڤΪõܣѾ˴ܴǿƵʵҲ˵ֻогӭս֮ʱ˫սʱ̣иɵ۵ŵķݣΪֻ֮ǽԼһʵһһŹأ˫תΪӣΪҪƾγһѭ֪ǰ·ԾҪϳԣһʱϾãǲʵ𣬵浽˽ǵĽ׶Σұ׼֣һȫΨҵ
ŮŰ׹ӷȻΣԹȻδǰ̫ˣ̬˼򵥣ཫĿ⿴׹ӡ
д˷Ӧòư׹ʵڽǰ̫̫뵱Ȼˣ˵δҲԾⰡ
׹ӺǺһЦǴҪԼʱ΢յĺô棬ҶЦ֮䣬ǵжԹϵȻҶЦ˴˻ΪҪˣȴΪҪˣҶЦȻʵȴвݷΪѣȫȻϮȻ֪ߣǵ᲻ɴݣǿķ֮ȥֻ۽ķݣȴֲòȥҪ˱֮ʱιʵĵ൱زʵ࣬ͷվǧˣ϶ụ̂
˵쿪ҪĲΪѣ
Ů˼Ƭ̣׹ԣӹȻ纣Ϥۻܲ˿֮ĩ˵á
һֵةĽ룬ةȻܹɱʱҲǸңܹ˳չ̣ԾҶЦ֮һսҶЦܹʱѵȫ޵ģ
׹ӵ̫ᵱǿߵˣȻ֪Ϊʲôð󲻻ֱӽ¾ڣһ۾ûةĽ룬Ҳ϶ϲᵱ潫ɱةֻиһ룬ȻĶǻǣةȴ룬ϹԴѹСة룬ǶԹ֣ةƾʲô룬ΪһһةƤҪģ֮ǰ˵սùӹε֣֮ΪҶЦΪȡһʱɣ˵ҶЦΪơֻ֣ܽģ
׹˵֣ƶ



386 ĴԶ
֮սľ˱࣬·ƺ˾Ȼʼնûг֣ٲȻ·Ƶġ
ֻǣǹߣǿǵһֱȥȥ֮ĺܳʱ䣬棬ʼûκζ
ƺôȥ
żּ֣е£ҲͻԾһʱȻʧˡһ
ôõģȫκιɿԣҲû̫Ķ
־ǾڽѾû˾Ĵ˵
潭εķƼһֱôȻ
ûκιھܶ淽Ϣ
ھЦˣҲûڽ¶棬ٲ쳾˼䡭
ԭټ̣þûд֮£˵βʳճʧȥһΪ飬飬ԾǲŲʡƺѾ״ʧˣȫȻĲˡ
˶Ծ֣Ծɲ˿Ĵ⣬ĵģ
ÿĵ׶һ쳣ĸоٴγֵʱ򣬿¡¾ҪĲͣˡ

ȷûڽκζҹ⿴ֻҪڵĳȥ
ΪʱҶЦȫ㣬ÿһ˶Ҫǰһ
ûеﳤıˣǲͻԶȥ
ԭѾͻƳ֣ǲܵƷϣԶȥ
Ʒϵĸ֣ǲٽͻ𾳣Զȥ
Ѿǲ𾳵ˣǲеĻһƷΪԶȥ
ΥκһߣнֹԳ棡
ҶЦϵ涨Ϸ֮ΪĴԶ
ĸ涨ȫǼ˫޳ɡ
ֽ׶ξºϹǧһˣ˻ٶͣʥԪ۷֮⣬ˣȫѾ˳
ǰδսҶЦÿ˷õĵҩ˻̱Ԫ֮⣬һЩ¸մ򿪵ҩɽ߲ҩƵĸЧܵ񵤡
Щҩӵиǣϴë裬ֽһչ֮;Чܣ˶Щҩ
ĵҩѾǵϡֵƿݵˣ
ﶼ֪˵һʱѾˡ
ֻҪûʲô̫鷢ǣ޴Ӹı䡣
ҶЦһóҩȴӵнѾ͵ʣЧܣӵиʺ츳ʡǡ
ЧʲôζʲôЩ߼Ȼ
⼸͵ͬһӵԼǿִͬʱӵһĸ֮ϴĻᣡ
˵ѷ
ˡ
꣬𣬻
ĿǰΪߵˣҲҩ֮
ΪΪߣʶ㣬ḻҲԼߵһǸ׶ΣǸ̶ȣԤ
ڵʣԼִ˵ܹߵ߳ɾͣһ۾ܹ
ҶЦ֮ȴһУȫд
ѾԿ֮·֮;޶޶δ֪״̬
δ֪״̬پ͵ǰûֹԵģĻı
ȻҶЦĴԶĹ涨ԹҲˡ
Ϊ
ھϴë֮ټҶЦҩĿǰѾһͻ˲𾳣
ڸѾһ춥塣
ĳɾͣǰǲԼ룬ҲǲģϾζĸ߶ȣȻȴѾʵ
ڳȻ˲ض壬ǻֲ𾳳нײεķˮ룬ǳܹͻƣǸһ󲽡
ҲѾ˲𾳶죬ʵʤ
ʵ͵ǰӵеʵԣ˶ѾúˡϾɱ֮ͻƣΪһݶѧĸǰĸι̵ġ
ҲΪˣ˶ҶЦġĴԶŸӵĽп졣
ǲڵǰ֮ϣһԶܳȥ
涨ֱҪ˵Ľࡣ
زߵһ˵һһ
޻ٵһһ
ﲻ𾳲֮ҪǰһһҪڴ֮ǰӿʼһֱͻڵľ֮ǰеܺͣ
Ψл֮ǰȫʵܺ͵ſͻƣ


387 
ҲǺ쳾첻ϵǿԼٵĸԭڣҲǲһ𾳶ߣֱ֮ͺǸճûµӤʮ׳һȫ߱ɱԡ
ȷ˵
ͻԪҪһˮˮͻԪ㣬Ҫͻ㣬Ҫˮһ׶εʱ򣻾ķһھƷǾűˮˮȻһ׶εĵһƷҪĲʮˮʮ˱ˮڶƷҲʮűˮʮƷҪʮıԴơ
Ȼÿһ󾳽磬Ҫǰһ׶Ʒ׵ıҪȲ𾳺úܶ࣬Ϊ˲𾳣ҪͻƵǰΣҪۻǴǰһʮıӼ򱭡һֱӵԼͻƵһˮȫܺ͡
νһˮıȻֻǴȷģʽĻеó۵ֻ¾ͻ裡
˵ʲôʲôһ֣ǵˮһҪۣݻۣһϵ֣
Ž׶εʱֻҪһˮôڵ˲һ֮ҪͻƵڶˮҪһ̫ƽˣ
ԲÿͻһΣҪˮĥۣͻƣ
ֻӦ˵Σ߽̣
Ҫڶʱۼô飬ÿ춼Ե񵤸Ҳڶ֮ɣ
ǣ㲻ͻƾͲܳȥҶЦйء
˲ŸոͻƲãһֵ緢֮ʱҪйһµǰ˷ȴƫƫûйöƣ֪
ҲñţڡĴԶ֮£иµһܽԽΥκһߣнֹԳ棡
ƣвԻǸֲģԣ˵ȫҶЦ֮£
ڳȥռչơ
ʵռ˵̣ʲôãҶЦô˵ģһ󣬾ͽôʱŬȫΪУչ£˴óȻȥ̣֪ǰһ³
ȫԱǧһˣǵޣǧˣ
ҶЦԱ󽫲κ䡣ǧ˱̫㹻ˣ
ֻҪһǿǾͿԳȥưԣŹ½Ϊ
ҵıǳȥɲǳȥɱ
ǳȥ֮ҪʱΣȽԼ
һ㣬κˣڿأ
ߣͬԱҲ
ҶЦĴԶΪ˻֮ȥ
ȷ˵Щ֪ǺûǲõģʥԪƷ壬ɵһͻ˳չǿԳȥһΡ
ǵģܳȥ
ʱ򣬱ٶȱ㣬Ʒ߶֮ǰٳȥˡ
Ʒʱ˳ȥһεȨޣصõʱôǲͻƲ𾳣ҲûгȥȨˣ
ͻ˲ȻֳȥһΣǻʱ򣬲ͻƲ𾳶ƷҲͱȥˣ
Դơ
涨ν൱Ĳ顣
ˣ֮ҶЦˣ˪ºڣȫҪϸأûκ˿⣡
ҲΪγһܹľ档
֣ʱԲ࣬ÿһʱ䣬Щʵǿĸ½ʧˣһЩͬʵǷ֮ڽϻ
ǧҪͼЩʲôһЩߵľˣǵʵ쳣ǿٹפʱǶݣҲ㲼ȫƻͼЩһ򾡵ʱ򡭡֣ᷢЩ˲֪ʱѾʧˡ
ȡ֮ģһˣ³֣ͨҪԭ˵ʵǿһֹһ
ԾҪ֮µļƻҪʱ䣬Щ˵ʵҪʱ䣬ۼ㹻ʵҪʱ䣬ϼƻʱصͬҪʱ䣬䲶׽Щ˵ټ׼ʵʩͬҪʱ䡭εĲָ֣һɱܻҪһ³ﱸʱġ
ȵȫ׼ˣȷɱ㹻뱸֣ᷢҪԵЩֲˣֲ֣֮ǰЩˡ
ص㣬ص³ʵҲǿ˱̬ĸ߶ȣıԭƻԾɰԭƻִУ͵ǸЩͲˣνѰ·ǡ
ƻǸϲϾı仯
һ㣬þеĶֺ͵˶ƵüҪѪˡ
棬üԼܶҵϡã
ô棬ǵһֵĶ֡


388 
Ȼ֮Ҳȫû٣е汻ɱģϾʲô¶ڵһʸ֣Ҳг׵Ķǿʵ൱ĸʽ鵤Ծ֣أҪһҪʲôݣۼѣԱֽ֮ɶĵзʧɱľˣԵһҪĴ۸β
ʧ桢׹ĴҲгԲ
ڴҪλõİ׹ӻһ㣬Ҫĸе޲ߣеԼƺֻ㱻صȴԼսĻһԷȫ濪սһΪвԼģ
֪ȥֻ̳ԷʵԼԽԽƫƫǿɶǹ治֪ҶЦǴԻ󷨣ؾ˹֣֮
Сȫ濪սĻǿ߻᲻ٴǰأ
Ҫô죿
һعŹտľѾͷ֣Ҫս롭ѾԸչˣԼҵףȻų޽һ壬Ͳ
ʵֺֹ棬죬̫̫˶Ծı仯еɶͷԣ
󵽵ʲô
ԺҪʲô
Ŀĺڣ
Σ

ΪԭţɱȴΪĳҲͬš
ս֮ǿɱ֮ʵȻȡֶΣϵ߽룬ȴԶԶȲʧ֮ǰĶʢ
˳Ƹ¥ǱѾõʼ¶
չ֣һʼȴһȫȻ޷ת̬ƣʲôȫȻķʽֱѹȥ
Ƹ¥׹Ծɱأ֮ǰƶ֮֮㣬Ҳս
Ƹ¥ͷ֣ΪûҪֻƾŷƸ¥ۺʵѾγϯ޽ͷ档
һƵƵǴ֮Ҷ档
ʱ֮ҶıҸֲפҶҾÿһʱ䣬ͻʮλҶҺִ֮سأҳǣҶҾ
Ҷƶ˵治ҶҾĵϵӢͼεľӪ֮£˵ǽҶҾ¶þڳȹ˴Ӫ֮𲽿ʼ޽
޽һֵܻһݷΪƸ¥Ҷҵ𣬸ɴཫǰչֳҲȫƺȫȻ޽Ⱥ
һ޽֮ݱ˴֮Ҷ뷭Ƹ¥Եľ棻аһԮƸ¥Ϊ΢ĵ
ǿڿƣܱͻķԷչΪȣ֮ǰ𲢣ܾˡǹڼδԪǾ󾫱پ·ߣͽԣܾˣʧҪڹ󣬾սʧʮͷ㣬ǰٲһ֮ǰе̣ͬʧأͬʧʮϵıи߽ߣʧԵɵ̵δҲʶķ˲֮һĵ̣󡢾õĵɾ൱ӴˣֵܻһĿ£뵽ⳡ֮УվͱˣƸ¥֮Ҷаȡõ̵ĸ֮У
͵ǰԣԿƣõĵ̷ݶʵСʱֻҪģֲֿƽ⻹ʱά֡
˭Ҳܿóֲƽⲻʱһʱ
޽֮գʱܵ
ŸӿԽԽϬ巽۵Ҳʼ޽Ǳߣ䳾ةǰװһ⣿
ֹ˫ɱ֮⣬ةһջǾۼңʼûκһλܹƽػ˵󷨵ĸ߸˳̶ȣة֮Ҳóƽۣô󷨵ɾͿȦɵ㣡
췽ҶЦҲóҶЦֻҶﲢҶҴˣڸҶЦľٶһС󣬵ʵʽ٣κĿʼһҶЦ
˻ɹҶЦǼƲϱĴˣҶЦػĸ߶˳̶ȶԣֻԴԼƲԶʱڣɽʮؼƲӡռ֮ض巽۲Ƕص飬ֻķӡֻҪ˵֮˵ʵûг֮ǰ޴ӺҼƲҵĺҲȷʵ巽ȻעľˣҶЦǼƲĴˣȫͬˣ


389 ΪУ
ϸ֮£ҶЦ½֮ˣֻԴԸ½ķٷ֮ˣȻʳ׿츳˺Ϊ嵨᳦ƣƲȷʵûйϵСߡó֮ǰԡ󷨲ԴԼƲ𣬻֮ҶЦϱĴˣ
һҶЦວŵʵƣֶΣ裬ʹ޵ͨЩļɵԾɱȲվгǿʵĸ˸ƺһӿ
巽ǱȻûֱӳ˶ܹó巽۶ڼ߿ܷľ棬صǰ׼Ѿˡ
һƼ䣬ô޽ʱһ֮ڳ׻ҵսԾɲоϡ棡
ҶЦҲڵȣһʺԼ֡
ûг֣˵ʵҶЦԸһֱȥ
Ͼֽ׶βþԵľԣÿһ죬ʵ֮һ֡
ڳΪϴë΢ʣн൱ĽչĿǰѾ˲죬̶Ѿ׷֮ɫˣ߳ԾѾͬ𾳸߽ˣ
в˵ĽҲͬԾһ㣬˵֪Ļֻ¾Ϊ֮զ࣬ʵٲҵ֮
һɳڹɵ׳ʱڵǱݷš
һ֣Ƿ죬ơ
ǣҶЦľȣڱһ֮еˡ
Ϊ
ھһʱ֮󣬷Ƹ¥İ׹ͻȻһš
ţҶЦҲ޷ȥ
ڵ죬ҶЦأûдκˣεֻȻʧھ
˪Ů֪֮⣬󼸴ͷڣû֪ҶЦȥ
һգ׹ӵʹʱ˺䶯
֮㣡
Ե
ſڵʱ򣬺ʽͶݷã󷽷ͨգƸ¥֮㣬Ҽҹ֮ǰݻҶЦҶӡ
仰󾡽Ϊ֮ɹ
֮㣡
Ƹ¥ĪƣգȴͻȻھĴſڣ
੹£˼
ɧҶЦΪ֮ŭȻͱˡ
أһûŮһȺûϢĶȫӸøȥһս˶ûǲǻҪ˶Ƹ¥Ǳȥ뿪ĸϽ벻ĸϽҿᲱϽϵˣɾ
ҶЦŭ˿ûпⶼһ̲סһЦ
һ̣ҶЦ֮֡
һ̣ȴǹ˾ñط꣬ȴǽ֮ǰ죡
ҶЦһճİѩһºͣδЦӴǾüˣôأ;ˣ𣿡
һЦҶӻôЦ˾ñٻᣬôĺ𣿣
ҶЦһЦôãҪǱĪһȨϢˡ
Цû֦Ҳݵ֮ڹ˫ҿɲҰŪµģǹӸš˵ź˫ֵݹһŷ⡣
ţҶЦһ£۾ûɣҶҹζȿǺܵ͡
˻߲֪ѵӻǽû᲻֪ʦĵȥʲôô˵̫û˼ˣղյȨҶղգ
˵תͷﳤȥ
ҶЦһƣСѾͷˣ̼ǵĳ˿ȵĽ˼ҺùӣھôԴ˼ңСѾͷţˣôʰ㣡
ԶԶشһĺӰȴʧӰ١
׹ŵݺܼ򵥡
֮أ磻˵겻֮ϣаѩɽɽ֮ϣ
Ѿǵһҳȫݣûͷûβ֪ƣȫȻ֪⵽˵ʱ䡢˵ص㣬˵¼˵ĳˣ
ҶЦͬĲԣƷǳɴ෭һҳȴڶҳд֮ˣӦΪУأȥѣȥѷһ·Сģµ
û
ҶЦȴȻס
֮ˣӦ
ҶЦĵʱ
˫ػ˫أ־Ǹ˼ɣ
ҶЦἰݡ
¼䣬κ˶пƭΨ׹ӲƭԼ
磬ѩɽ
ΨĻĴ˾Ӧʹ֪ԼϢȴʼûκζԭڡ
ΪӦ֪ιʣĳ컷ϵ쳾֮⡣


390 ɡҹ¶
ҶЦһһ˿ᶨɫ
᲻թҶЦȲĵʵ
թġҶЦ϶˵׹Ȼ϶Ĵ㣬ôİңǡʵϣȴԲƭң
¡ôǡĵ˵
õģֱýӥɹȥҶЦٺһЦƣǰ׳Ҳ֪ġʲô㣬Ҳ޷Ӱ쵽߿հɣ
԰
ҶЦѾȲϣҶЦֻǼ򵥵ذһ£ڶ峿Ȼ뿪ãһ·۳˷ҳǣٳӥһԾϣҡֱϾ죡
׽ӥֱӽͻ̬չʮɿ˫ᣬٶߵޣһƣپȥ
ҶЦڽӥϣӭ磬ĵȴΨһƬȳӿ

Ҫˣ
Ҫžˣ
ӦȻǾӦ

ۿһŵǣ˼
ӣȥһҪ˳죬˳컹ΣһҪƽƽ

ҶЦ𣬷֮صʱ򡭡һˣҲһ·
еģǧҽ
ҹ¡
гɣƹضСѾͷڵõҶЦȨ
˵ҶЦϢʵѾһʱ䣬ʦλһƣֻҪ㵽˲𾳣ʦӵ˱Լͬʱ˵ؽ磬û㹻ʵΣ棬ΪλͽܣȨͬʱҲӦΣΪ˿һҪ㹻ǿʵ
СѾͷں쳾ʦʱҲʮ꣬λӴҵĵһʱ䣬ͽ淨ҹ£ϧˣ˵ԼΪʵǿ޿ɿܣܲɢСѾͷҶЦˣҪ״Ҫʵ֣֮Уٵһʵǿǿ
Ȼ˶ǿãϾκһǿ󣬶γһľ޴㣬ڵʦĪԵǿʵպǸʱ򣬾ʵУֻҪʵǿ󣬾ͲҪں˵Ŀ˵
ҹ¶ʦ˵ΪȻڴʦʱԶ˵Ŭ̿ĥԼӱ֮ҶЦҪԶԶԪһ·һǧ
ݽ˵ҹµõҶЦ껹ǵֵĶɱΪȻĺɷ壬ԼΪϵķ񹦣λ䱾˵Ϥĵ֮⣬ıԴҹµŬΪЦЦط֮󣬿ػԼˣٱ˲ɢŬ
Ҫҹµ뷨̫̫Ů壬˭СѾͷʦλ䶫أʦûеôܣ
ʱһ֮ǰʹλϷ£СѾͷԾΪĳЩԵ֪ҶЦϢ֪ҶЦѾ콨һݻҵõλõȵȣ
ȻλСѾͷңܸɴĿȥЦЦԣ
ǡЦЦԵĵˣǹ棬Ǹʲô޽һۣԲᣬȴ̫ӣңһʦҵֶӣʦͲˣ֮ĴŮ˲룬ʦǣҲǣ
Ů˲ⲻ£бԼʵΪΪ׵ŮˣҪвΪ鷳ʵ
ԣͽ㻹ýһǿʵǰʵǲģֻҪﵽʦָΪΣʦ㲻ֹ㣬ǰȥѰЦЦ
ǺڽһУҹ¼ȵʹĥжȹģλҪʱҹµʵǳһƷҹµнȣǱλ϶ģλǰԼͽܵΪʷĵһˣ飬ʱ޻ʮʱ䣬ʹһȫͬͨˣһ·˳ĵΣǵļƲϱ巽ۡһҶͳͳۣ
λŻԵһ˵ͷͷͽܵģ
ǣֻһʱ䣬ԽŸƷлһλͻƣĽǸЦֻǸ񻰡
Ȼҹµĳ׿ʣޱͨ͸ľһʱҲֻͻƵ˳Ʒѣ
ôҲáѡʣΪٶȣǴ˺쳾ʷ¼
ұ̬Ļȷʵ޿๵ģ
λ䷽Ϊο뷨ʵǲҹ½ҶЦ֮УҶЦĽԶԶ󣬵λУҶЦԾ䲻ԼͽܵģҪû㾳ϵΪ̸ԼͽܣǸΪҪʱȥҹ³ȥѰҶЦͷ


391 ҹ
λԼͽȷʵ츳˿ɼľͬˣҪ𾳣ôҲöʮʱ䣬Ȼʱ֪ض˵λʴʣ룬쿪һвʮʱ䣬𾳣Ҳٳ˵һˣ浱쳾Щǿ߶˰׳ɵ𣿣
ҹȴǵȲˣ˵ʮ꣬Ƕ꣬ҲȲˡ
һλ顣
ֱʱҶЦ͸ҶһС쾧裬쾧챦֮컯ĿԴ޾ռƾΪԴԴع޾ռŴռԪԴ棬޾ҹܹһн쾧ͬĹûÿʱÿ̶ΪҹṩΪƳƼ
ҹֱȥ
ҹΪͻƣ쿪쾧£Ȼ쾧޾֮ԴͲСѾͷֽ׶Сܹɵģһ˲֮䣬СѾͷȥҪűıԵλʱ̹עСѾͷ״֮¼չԼȫܣͽҩ
λ伫ԪƬ֮󣬾ͷֵƾԼһ˸УæѶ۱򸾶ͬʱΪҹ»ͨ
ǰһµʱ䣬򸾲ǹɱӴѹȥ
ǵģֻѹȥ쾧ȻֻһС飬ԾӴʹ˲һ۳˸ɣȴԾԵ滯Դܡ
ھ֮ҹµΪֹڳƷ۷壬ͻƲһ֮ңȴʵڲٽλСڹˡ
һٳʲô飬ǿɾ͡Ҳˡ
ʵһΣλѾڵҪˡ
֪ˣȥᣬƽʧȥ쾧һ챦
쾧裬λԭĴ㡭ǵҹ½𾳾ƷԽؼλʱ򡭡õģ
쾧ȻܣԼҹ±ʱĸɳ̶ȣ֮£һٳɾһ㾳֣£
ǡСѾͷӼżҶЦ쾧裬λ޿κ֮ʣΨֻ̾Ϣ쾧裬ȷʻãνֲˣλὫ֮Ϊҹ¿Խ𾳼ƣҹȻҲ࣬򸾸ֽ쾧ľԪѹҹµڣԾɿɹɣٶȽԭڳ𾳶֮ʱһĿԽ֮ܣͳԶǶȶԣδϧ䣬ҹ±ʱܽ𾳼壬ȴܾʹֹǿɾĪźˣ
ֻѳɶ֣׷ҲãСѾͷô飬λҲΣҲֻþʹҹ³ȥˡ
ֻλȴҲʱһҪ
ȼҶЦС֮Ҫһ쾧ҴСܵԭеһ顣½δɾͣӦΪʦΪʦȥ
ȥҶЦ䣬βͬغδɾͣ㲻ĳŵΪʦԾɲܷȥ
ҹ¶Ҫ󵹲Ϊ⣬Ȳķ˸ģ˳ؾԳŶȥ
ԼŵԺܲģ˰죬ջǼǧижʮλ͢ʹĴܹ޵Ҳһ˳ȥԼıͽܡ
Ծòģְһҹϣַ̧С
ҹһƷŷ˵һ·Ͽֵױȣʲôϡ档
ϾСѾͷһ˼УǿΪඥۻᶼԼΣ˵ϣԣԾǵǸ̫µҹ£
Զûг춼ǣ·һ
ԴˣСѾͷдʣҴҪȥҶЦģȻҪƯƯģɲܱ޼ȥ
޵λܹܣȨյĳǿߣ񳹵ΪСѾͷˣҹڸֵΣһ·£һ·
ҹȻѾˣͲô̫żˡ
ЦǷҳǣܲˡԼȥҵõ
ԼЩ꣬ѾʮͷˣϹˣûбˣûб֣
϶Ǳˣ
ԼˣЦ᲻ͲϲԼˣ
СѾͷͷǧͷ
ŮõʱϲԼ鲻õʱԼ鲻òʱԾɻԵԼһˣһ·֮ãôĻˡ
ĶԽԽ࡭޵еҲԽԽʢ
ġ
ҿɴûо顭
Ϊҹһγֽʫ˼ߵʫһס
嶫ҹ£
ĳ쳾˼ɫ
ҹܱ֮ȡߵ


392 Ĺ
һ
ͽǻط֮ۺǺΪλ˴󶯸ɸ꣬רŽλȥ˻ʹʻ
ʻʱ۱谮ģҲ⼸ŻعСŮĹԡ
λĹν۱µͷ⣻ȻȺУλĹʵڲӦýбĹӦýбŸӵʵ
ǻıʣܹ˶
Իֻһ棬ܸоǳǵĺӭ˲ëȻ
״üλ󳼾ʹ˶ȥͷȢؼȥôһرɽһĶϱ򲻵˵ãò׽áӻˣ
Ȼ⼸λ󳼱෴뷨ģȴǼеһںſǡ
ĹԽǸ䣬ԽǱɽ˷ЩſԣԽǲ԰Σֱ֣ߵ޴ӳ
λĹն˵׵һŮòģʣ񣬷¡ȫǶˮ׼ۺָߵþ޽УȺ
֮еſݵڱĹʯȹµĻʹߣѾİ˳࣬вѾɼҵļһΪӭȢĹֱӽԼȫǲɢˣϾָʸФĹǡ
ʱ״Խң춼棬ҲݸԴ׵Ϸ룬ֵòɿ
ÿοͽһм
ߡûϢ
ЩʼնʵӲ
˭˭˭Ȣ˱Ĺ˵õ۱µٷܶǧ꣬꣬˵׻ǿŮλʲôҶӡŮǰʵϣǧ˰꣬һ׵ǿߣټʱգأ
۱ʻʱ򣬱Ĺһɹɵһߣһöµů⡭
ͬΪ۱µѯȻὫӵĵ̺гȴǽİ˾ŷһһϾδ㾳ǿ߶ĺ£н֮ǿɾδȫȻĺˣ
˫ҲãĳЩؼҪһߵĺã
ֻǵ˵֮֮ʱûע⵽ĹȻһ£һ̣˵λΪҶЦЦίʵͨ쳹֮ܡ仰ʱ򡪡

Ĺе׹䣬ڵϡ
ʹȫǼӲ˼ʯšһʱˤ÷顣
ôˣۼæվĿ˰ۡ
Ĺ˼ƺЩ˼ɫЩףŮҲ֪أͻȻеЩҪȥϢ
ȥϢţ۱¼ëڻĽˣǧصͻԼıŮַԸҽȥŮƽ
ȽһӦź֮תͷͷղ˵ţˡ
ʱĿࡣ
ҿ۱ǰҲ̫Ǹʲô˰ɣ
ִͷ˵һ顣۱·һĲɵӡ
գͽȥ˹Žƹһ̾Ϣ¶ڱĹĳ谮ʵ̫ˣ
ǵģ̫ˣ
λ߶۵İŮ
ֻǣλߵƺԲ㣬Ϊ۱£ͽûгŵʱ򣬾ѾȲԼŮڵĹһͨ꺮ůѯ״
ʣҪȥһˡĹһۣܸɴҪ
Ҫʱ۱һͷĿѣ
Ҫߣ
߾£ɢɢҲã̰֣Դùˣ
ʣҵ˼˵ҪȥݵĹֵļ
֮£۱¸ڵķߡ
ʣʹӦҰɣԴӹ֮ҳ鸸ߣǱΪƿҪµĥľɱ䡣ĹѵõһΣһͳ֮£۶ʱˣֵĺϲ£죬ﻹмܵס
ֻǵԼĻʺһɱ˵ĿԼʱ͵

ղŵﾳʵ̫ܰˣ̫֮ˣ֪֮䣬ԼȻѾӦŮҪ󡭡
ģ
۱ºγˡôʹӦأ
ҲӦôӦ
ûɴӦİ
ǶΣյڰ
ŮĿ⣬Ҫ۱һεİˡ
٣ѡû֣ǳеޡ
۱ŮϲĿʺɱ˵һĿУǱӡ


393 ش̿

ʱĺơ
νƣΪԾʧɵơҲԷƸ¥аϴγɵơ
һȫµƾǡ
ʱ޽ͻȻðһλش̿ͣ
ش̿ͷǵʵǿټĪ⣬˵Ӱȥ٣׻βҾͻֻԹ䵥Ա֣
ÿУɱ
ڸô̿͵Ķ򡢳ּ¼෬ȷϣȷӲֻ֣ԹԱɱ
ȻԹĴ̿ͣȻҪԷʵϣΪ˶Ըλ̿ͣǰǰʮ޷壬֪λ̿͵ķʶ̫ǿΣо̫У̫ãʮ䣬ʹûеȵô̿ͣ
ûеȵô̿ͣȴζ˲ֳΪÿÿֻҪɢܻԱϮ
ʼʱ򣬻ֻʥԪƷµϮɱҲ͹һµĹ⾰ǿҲʼɱ
ΪֹɱԱ֮УȻһλƷĶǿߣ
濴ǰײǵһʬ壬ǰ
̿͡ʲôˣʩԴɱĿĺڣ
ھ󣿻ڷƸ¥ֻаˣҶң
ܣʱյ˾׿Ĵ̿ͣõʢ֮ǰδ˵
ܹʱбɱߵ飬óһۣǰʮǼλɱ֣Ҳδı£
ֻǣʲôʱ򽭺ֶôһɱ֣
֪Ů֪֪࣬δֹ
ЩҲҪٷĴɱֱǾڰӰ֮УһԹòƾͱȽѰζ˼ˡ
뾡˰취ͽ޹֮ԷֻҪһȴȻ߹һʧ֣
ˣ˭

һĿֻڴֵϡУҲۡ
ӰС
һӰطϣһŷ֦·Ѿ֮Ϊһ塣
ž˾ʹ߹ȥżȻ̧ͷȥҲδػע⵽ϣſһˣ
ֶΣǼϳ˵ټֶΣ
ֶΣžҶЦˣҲδܹøá
ӰȻѾ伣֣ﵽ˵Ƿ켫¯ĳز
˿̣ΪŹ·֣СѰʲô
Ѱ߿ɲˣиޣʩչԵ츳ܣѲĿꡭ
ϵĺӰȻ㵱֮һ֣ȫȻûκζѶϢ硣
Ѱĵһ飬ȥһƬ
Ψһȴƺʲô䵽
ǵӰȴȫȻΪֻӦ˵һֱûжŶԡ
ֱӰʧˣӰԾûж
ٹƬ̣ԶӰӰ´µӰӰûжһѰһνƬ˸飬Ӱһ̩Ȼ
ıѲ֮˱ԹôϡϡصסˣҹԶˡô˷ºβ
Ҳ׷׵ͷͬ
ٹƬ̣˽ɢֿһȦ֮ȴ¾£Ƿƽ˾ȫ޷֡
Ѿˣһɡһصһ̾Ϣ
ǡ
붯뿪
ˣӰûж۰װ׵ؿȫȥ
ֲ֪˶ãһӰջûһڳУ̾һһת˲ȻʧӰ١
ǸѲĿ֮ʽȥ
ӰΡȻ
ֻǡһ˳ֵʱ򣬺Ӱˡ
էȻһ
֮ûӦʺȻᴩΨһӡ󣬾ֻһģӰӣԼǰһӶ
˿ĳٶȣȫ̾ȻûдƷ
Ӱһš
ҡ£ʹͨˤֱ֮࣬ʬֵԴŹµµ˳ȥ˳б£һֱȥʮɡ
ಡ
üӰ˷ѭ
̿
˴С
ǵӰڵ֮࣬ȻٶʧӰ١
ɽºһȪ֮ԣһģӰ֣Ȫˮһ£Ӱٶʧˡ
ӰĿռָ棬һͰˮ
Уһĵ̾ϢȻɢľݣûκ
˳Ѿж೤ʱûˮء

̿޷ץ񣿡漸Ѫ
ǰԴһ£Եĸеһ
ôˣ޵Ȼһ񡣵ԼһȴȻڲϵʧ
ôһûȴ֪κηĴ̿ͣͷʹ
ΪͷʹҪ²ɱʱ򡭡
ӡƸ¥š
Ƹ¥ͫ׳
˵ŵˣƶ֮񡣡
һµ


394 ֪ǿӲУ
Ƭ̡
ӵⰺ׶ߵ룬̧ͷŸ߸ϵ棬΢΢ʩ񣺡μιӡ
߸ϣĿŵ˵þòԽԽƯˡ
˵ιӹ˽ľˡ
һЦ׳أ
һһųСոճ֣ȴͻȻȴһ֣žԶ𣬷
֮죬ȻҲӦ
żͻȻüһ¶ɫ֪ҹң
¶ɫãȻҡͷ֪λ֮飬ҹʡ
һȥɣ˵֪ˡ
ˡʩȥͳ⣬ֻ
˻ʱһż㣬üͷ塣
ӣСĵʵ
㿴潫żݹ
ҶЦ̱֮Ͼֻһ仰ûͷûβ˽ӹȥ֮󣬾˳ž̲ס۾⡭áҶϢ
渺ֶɫͣ
׹дһţʲô˼˴⡣
׳˼ԣҪҵĵҶЦɱڱ֮
᲻թ˵ĵ
Բᡣҡҡͷ϶˵׳˵ѡ
Ҳ˵ȻԭҶЦҲһȥ֮˵ôҲǻɱҶЦᡣ
˵
ӵ˼ǣĿͻȻóȡ
ڹ󽵣ȫΪҶЦ£λã棻˶ҶЦҲǺ޵˹ͷ
ģҶЦҲȻȥǵĻᣬΨ׳Ҫ赶£Ҳ
һ׳ʲôֻһţΪ䵱֣ô˵飿
һ׹ţҲǰҵ˻ġ
ףûкô飬׳ô浭ɱҶЦ׳Ȼо޴ôӴ棬Ż赶
ڲʲôɣҶЦǶǷɱɵġҧҧƽ׳ģһ㡣
Ҫʱ򣬻װ׸㣬ᱻãȴȻҪáָоֱ
пЦ
ǵġ
׹Ӿôһˡ
㣬׸㣬Ҫ㡣ȴƫƫܲáһζԸҶЦ顣
ⲻıͬı
ҲǶԹһġҪɱҶЦȻҪһЩۡЩ˵װס
ԸǲԸ㶼
ˣǱˣҵõĺôҲȻġ
ܵʲôôüʵ
ߣôȥˡŭһҶЦˣЩˣȻҪΪҶЦ𣻶ֻƾǣʲôʸΪҶЦǸʱǱȻͶĳһӴ֯
ȴֱվҵĵжĲſԡ
ôͺܺѡˡ޽˰׳ķƸ¥֮⣬˭˰׳ҳŵ˹ΪҶЦ֮⣬˭ң
һҶЦľıƸ¥̲֮㱤ãӴҲ˷Ƹ¥ĴӪ
ǰ׳ҪҪġ
ǰ׳ĺô
ɱҶЦȻûа취ͬʱˡΪЩֻҪòǾͺް취
ԣɱҶЦȴֻΪԼһǿĵˣǷƸ¥Ƹ¥̵ʱһ
Խ˵Խҧгݡ
ƿԡ
׹һţ֣صģȴ˾춯ص棬һͳ㣡
ǡſڽࣺѵŹҶЦ
ҶЦǱҪɱģ泤һһλᣬҵ
ǰ׳֮汩ŭĳХһ֪ԼǰڵһӣȴܲǷɣ
̾˿
λƸ¥İ׹ӣֶĻʵبδԼҹ׳һֱѹŴ򡭡ûз
˺ҪȰ棬ҪٺͰ׳ˡȴ˵ڡ
ԸǺεȵĸ߰㹣Լ˵ˣֻʵ䷴
һż𽥵ı߬һţһð𣬾ĬĬػҽ
ҧŬԼƽţˣѡǿߣϹʮ˲֣ǰ֮ϧһдۣɱҶЦ


395 ֮
ȻǹһվţͬѾֱ
׳ҶҪǰ׳Ƴ
ҧгݵʱҵҪԶգǬ֣˳ᢣгһʲô仯
а̾һǰȥ

޽һŵʱԭΪ˴Ҿϯ˵ҶЦԷڽӥϣ˼ʣѾ뿪˷ҳǳʮ·̡ļ֮أ
˳Զĳ;棬ʹԽӥΪٶȣҲһµʱ䣡
˾ĿһƬѩأ
һƬĿѩ֮УһɫʯԵøĿ
ʯϣĸ֡
֮
ҶЦĸ֣Į޲
֮
ر˪֮ء
ԴƬأ߾ǳĴѩƮƮ˵صıѩǴûڹġ
ɫʯҲ֪ʲôʱʼڣֻǣʹǧĴѩϴȴҲûܹǹɫʯ
һֱڣʼղĥҲǡ
ʯѩһ䳣ʢĳɫ
ÿ걩ѩǧɣʯҲᱻڸǡ
Ŀĵؼȴӥžͻع޾ռ䡣
ﻹʵıѩأ˵аҶЦһĭȻճھɱˣڳɼһ紵ҶЦüʱȾ˪
˵γɵĺо¶ȻΣȴֱӽ뵽ֱӿ롭ֺ䣬ҶЦЩоܲס
Ҫ֪ҶЦʹڤ֮κܹϮԼžҡ
·쾡ͷ߻ľͷ
һַǳ΢ĸо
ҶЦƶֻԼйٵһִԼһΪʹֻõԪΪʱ򣬾Ѿ֣˵Լ񹦣֮о˺䣬ԽԽĸоֻһִ
ǣҶЦĿĹ˳⻷ֻʱԳԼ·ҪͶҲͣ״̬ȴ޿Ǵ
ѵغйŹ֡ҶЦתԪȴûие״ָ̬ӲĸоԽԽأת֮䣬ȴֱӿ޾ռ䡣
޾ռֱ˾ͨ
Ȼ
ƺһӵصէȻ͡
ڼ֮Ϊ㣬ХԹ޾ռ֮ڡ
ҶЦԴ˱仯һ㶣ϾҶЦ޾ռں쳾֮ϵĸ߿ռ䣬⼫֮Ȼ죬ҲԶ޾ռ˺״غǼ֮ǿƣѻ޾ռ䣡
֮ؾԵ˹
ֻҶЦͷ֣ǺȻɽһ㣬Хǿƹ룬ȴ˲ͱŴռͬͬ
ռ䣬ռ䣬ˮռ䣬ԪռĴռ䣬ͬʱǿȻڡ
ĴռǶ֮£ռ֮еľųɾźʱֽΪĲ֣ԹԵؽĴռ֮Уǵӵص綯ԾɳɽԶȡ˷Բؽ֮ڵĺԶӿȥ
һֱȥ֮صĵز
ҶЦ˼վֲĳķ֮ڣȴͷ˿ûжһ
ղŷܸоĳǱȴǰ㶼оˡ
в˲֪µŨƣҲȻƬ̣֧飬ڡ
Դʼ¾ԲϷѩı֮һ¶տտա
ҶЦþõվ಻ϵŰХӿ޾ռ֮Уʮ죡
ʮ֮ԽԽСޡ
ⱱ֮ΧȻԾΪ䣬ȴѾܳܵķ룬١ҶЦԳܵķ롣
СҶЦԤϵǡ˴αʲԪˮĴռ༯˴Ԫܣľռ䣬ռ䣬ռ䣬˲پ
⵹ҲΪ֣Ĵռȴ˼ǿӿľųɾԪܣʣһȴǰ˸ΪԪܣȻ󲻼뾫ȴԶʤģ༸ռ˲پҲΪ֣
ΨһҶЦо˼ȴǡһֱûκζĻռ䣬˴Ҳ˱仯ȻһŻ
ȼգ
Żƾնġ
УŻȻȼգȻɢϢȴǼµĺ䡣
ҶЦͷЩ⡣
ô£
νܣףէֻռطΧǹ죡
⼸ɲĳһĴһֱڴ޾ռҶЦĲ죬͵ۿһۻռ֮ı棬˵һԭǱ棡


396 ʯ
ǣܹŹ֣죬ܷǳ൱ĺӲ˼òã˵ôһʲôǶòĺæԼ̫ѡ桱£ҶЦʶǳҲֻʱãĳæˣϸ˵
ˣ֮ĻŲ棬óܲˡ
ڣνı֮ʵڲǺܴһֻôط
ҶЦʶɢȥܹȫǣǰǰϸѰһ飬Ҫ˵ˣκεĻϢҲûа㡣
ʵԴ˵زϢҶЦܱʾ⣬͸ղŴ˵صļԼɲˣˣǡ׹ӵ鱨װ׵ؽӦⱱ֮زأ
ô£ҶЦüͷ鱨󣿻󣡣
ҶЦɴڿնֿʼƮѩѸ׵ĶתһȦԾûκη֡ǰνĻ֮ˣ
֮
ﵱ֮ˣ
ҶЦüͷϸ˼ԼܺԵĶ˼ת֮£Լոս쳾ʱʱԼҲ뵽һƬĿռ֮𣿣
֪ټһʼûлɹ׹ӻƭԼѸٵóһۣⱱ֮ȻһƬص֮ء
ǣҪν룬ǰȴǰͷҲûС
⣬һҶЦʵǣĿռڵĻôӦôȥģ
˼ҶЦվǺɫʯǰ棬˼ѡ
֮ǰͼǿ磬ȴͳ岻ȥݺ۵޽
׸ôȥأ
˾жزռ䡣
ڵȴڡҪνȥڽȥ֮Ҫ
׹ӹȻƭҡҲôĳҲȻİҡһڶ飬˵ﱾѾ棡
ԣҪƾԼȥһҪȥҵӦ¡
ǣҪôȥ
ҶЦнǰڹսϸ룬ȴԾûκͷأȴȫأ˿УȴһƬѩһ侲˿ķꡣ
һа취ģ
ҶЦŵ˼š
֣ǿɫʯ
˼֮ͻȻ͵סˣ
ʯ
ҶЦȻǿҵĹâ
ԣʯϣΪʯһ֮ա
겻䡣
֮ؽ磬һֱѩʯȴʼѪǴӹŵûаѩ棡
بŴڵ£ȻŹ֮
죬Ե
ʵ֮ǰĶλԵʯϣҩɽǣƲҲ磬ʯҵҲ˵
û׼ʯǴռԿףֻ˵ڣ
ҶЦ˼ţʯϵֽμһֱóеߵʯָͷۡʯԾ޶ԡ
Ҫ֪ҶЦΪȫӣʹһָֻ֣ϵʹǴһɽ嶼ǵ£һԼ̶ƵǳУҲ֮ܽ飬촷ۣ
һ鿴ƽƽʯ˾֮£Ȼ˿ȫȻûа㷴Ӧ
ⱾѾһֲ̫ˣ
ҶЦָ̲סԼ¡
ʯûγκεķָоӲһִʯͷĸо
ʵȴļӲ
ҶЦһȻһһѽС
ҶЦ˴óĽȻǾǳ͵ǾǳʺϵǰϣϾҪʵ飬ƻ˵ˣҶЦҲò׼ʯʵص״ﵽһʲô̶ȣһܵԼأǿɾ̫ԩˣ
ڽͬǺ쳾ҶЦۺ˶ƳļƷ棬֮ڶֱʤ
󽣹ҶЦû˿ԥԽԼܵȻɫʯϡ
ۣ
ɵ춯죬ֽһֺܳƺܹŹֵĶｻ졣ǸоһߴȻһľͷγɵ졣
漴߸ߵĵҶЦעĿȥֻԭϬĽϣȻ˼ƾһȱڣԼղһЩȻѵˡ
ٿǰʯȴûκα仯
һǳǳİ׺ҲûС
ҶЦĿһܸɴԲ˸첲һǡ
һ֮࣬ǿڳϳء
ʯԿȻ
ҶЦһľҶЦţǧɴɽԼһֻҲҪӦ
ǣŹֵʯڳȺ֮ȴһۼҲûС
кΡʯܹӲˣ
ҶЦһٶһ޴ʰ쵣һ֪ƵĳƷԾûκԥһȥ


397 ʯ
һҶЦνǶԼȫеܣĽһ
һʱıչ£ҶЦʵΪȻûиκ˵Լ֪񹦵ͻƣԼǰ֮·ϣʱ֮ڣȫƿԡ
޾ռÿһ춼ڷ쳾죬صĺЩھת֮ȫתΪҶЦΪ
ֻ֮ҪҶЦܹɵˣҪ٣ж١
Ȼֻö̶һʱ䣬ҶЦΪѾ˳졣벻𾳣ֻһ֮ңѡҶЦԾһ˵еǵԼʵѡ
Ǹղſռ䳨Եɺϵôĸռ䶼ҪҶЦио𾳽ϰݣѾɶֻҪԼǱһʱգȻ𾳣
ҶЦڵʵΪȫһǵĳΣǡһĲǿߣ
ǰĿ̶ܹ״ɱֻޣ
䣡
޴޻١ݺݵʯϡ
һ̡
ǣ
ǳȻѡ޴Ĵͷವһ˳ȥڴѩããֻһʹӰ١
ҶЦƺһ
ֻѪ죬ҲȻðһ졣
ֱۣţʧȥ֪
״ҶЦ׼֮ʱͼɵǿǿԱΪСҪܵķҲСܶ࣬һбܵһķ˴ȻǿͣĿǲֱӴݻ٣ǱҪ˵ķʩ˶ǿͻжǿҲ˵ҶЦոշһǿ˼ͬ޹ܣܲˣ
׵ʱۣҶЦ˻ڱ֮⣬һ㲻Сˣ˵㴴
ѩеɫʯȴԾԭ
ȫûаӡ
ҶЦʯ쾪ļһʯмҲû
ʲôģҶЦӿľˡ
ʯļӲ̶ȣ󳬳ҶЦ
ϢƬ̣ҶЦǰ˫ֻסʯʹҡΣȻڳԳԶҡʯһѣͼ֮δؾͲаɣϧԸΥʯʼ˿ҶЦһָо˿̵ԼһֻϣʯȴһȻĴɽ
᲻
ҡ

Ҳ
֮ǲ
ҶЦۼ޷ɫʯת֮࣬ȴǿʼֽʯĺѩȻ켫صıѩѰѩȴѲҶЦһյĹ򣬾˲ɺȣ
ҶЦǿɫʯĿ⣬㹻¶ϾʯĿİأʯĳ̫ܲʧǣ
ǣҶЦٶȽעеʯϵʱȴʯ̻¶ѩϵĲ־֮ǰȫ޶£
⡭ôܣ
аҶЦٶֻҶЦͬʱȴֽ൱עʯǱߣǺȻһ˵ʵǾҶЦʯ֮³ʼձ̻¶ѩ֮ϲֵıԾɻǸոտʼİɸ߶ȡ
ҶЦһŭ֮£һӣȻתѩƻǱȽףűǧѩ¸ȥ
ҶЦ漴ĿɿڴĿѩ㸲ȥǺɫʯʼձ¶ȶĸ߶ȣѩһѹȥ˲䣬ԾɿǺɫʯ
ôаˣ
ҶЦԴ˱ʾƣûκ֮£һƨʯǰ档
ǡ֮ĸ֣죬бĿ
ȷ֮Ŀռ䣬Ȼʯйأ
֪Σûκΰ취֮ͨ
Լô㶼ûиĽչôӦȴνȥģ
ҶЦ̾ͷ˲䣬һʯϣ֮૵ôǸʲô񰡡
߲Ÿո˵仰ҶЦͻȻƴһվ
ղ˵й֮ԣȴҶЦظо΢ı仯ΪҶЦĸܵʯϴһɷŭ
ȻɷŭֻһţĺҶЦԼо
˵ɫʯղžǺܷŭģ
һ֡ˣ˵ˣˣԩˣˡָо
ĺԡ
һʯôӵԻأ
ҶЦһַֻʯĿ˸⵽ʲôغƻᡭ
ʯһδһ޵ķŭΧֻһʱ̣һš
ҶЦѾˡ
ʯȻġ


398 ˵ķŭ
ҶЦϸϸĽʯϴһ飬ȻǰǰһһĹ۲ţţ֮ȴԾûκη֣йΣֱӿʼƿڴ
ʲôһһܶ
ôûһ㣬Ĺһéʯͷ磬˼ֳӲиԣɶǿʯͷ
ⲻǻ쵰ôʲôôɶ񣡡
˵һ仹ҷŭŭ㻹ǿ鲻֪ʲô
ôɵҲƵؾվţһվǼʮ꣬꣬󻹵üɵվŲ֪£Լ˵ǲǸԼ˵ǲǸ˵㻹ɶã˵ȱéʯͷôе
ҶЦԽԽԽԽʮ㡣
ĴʯķŭҲԽԽԣԽԽңŭն˵Զ׼Ρ
ֻǣʯαŭε޷ҲãʯԾһ
ҶЦǱѾܵʯȻը˷εŭ⣬ȴҲ֪ΪʲôûһĽһ
֪ˣˣˣôķŭҲǶ˵ģ
ҶЦЦһ˵Ŀ˵ҾʺҲôأֻܱţ
ʯķŭǣ·Ҫһ㣬ǡʹθǵŭǱֻ˵ûзй;
ҶЦıҲֻ˵˵˶ѣоɼ˷ŭ֮ȴͻȻһתվ̬ƣ޳ܵвѾòҽȥòҽȥٲʹ죬ӾѾһѣӸǲң
ʯķŭʸ˵ղŻֻǷ·ҪأҲҪس٣ع磬ŭĳɻ𣬶ܽҶЦյõβ棬ҷ
Ͼĳ˵ľٶʵ̫ɣ̫޳ܣ̫¼ˣ
ҶЦأԲΪܣΪüƣһвôΪӲǲǰɣô㿴Ѿ֪ӵ
ͻȻһȻ

ҶЦķˣһ߾ˮǹɨ䣬ʯǣһ߶ݺݵвỹ̫ʱûб˼ҪǲԸҵ¾ʹһٴߴߣȻ͵Ϸ㣬Ҳиԣζʯͷ
Űɣ˵óõ
ҶЦвֻ˵һ룬ݾкҲֻһ룬ͻȻһգƵصȥ
һ˲䣬ӵģΪĳ˵ɶҺʧƽ˲䣬ĳʤѩİɫۿ棬ٶһЩûô
ҶЦѾûЩϸ֦ĩڣȥĿһɵѩ룬װعɽΡΡ
ԶΪٱѩǵɽ֣ɴأԼɼ
ҶЦˣ˼ڰУٵ׹䡣
ͷϣһɻը˷ε㲻Ҫ𣿣Ӿôģɶģ˵ģûûƤûûûû޵ıСˡ쵰Ȼ򡭡㡭Ӻ㲻찡ҪŪ㣬ŪĥҲް
ҶЦٺһЦȻҸȾɶԸԳʩʩȻذнϣϵãٳй¶漴Ư䡣
֮ңѾ˲ǣǾʤˣ
ҶЦһռһ̡

Զռ֮һڡ
һͻȻüͷɫ૵զ£һôܹȥôܣ
ⲻӦð
һץһĿֻ߷ĺɫ³УأצŭѵҪ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ҪŪ㡭
ʾǳһϣȻһǺɫµʱֹͣһ֮ѹէȻ꣬ɸһĲ
Ŷ
ղŻŭ٣˼ȴ˵ˣԼ־״޾
զ£զ£ܱŭҲ֣صѪ׼׷УǲҵķԸ𣿣
Ǻɫ»һŻûСñȴֽҪףһ˫۾ľǻֺ֪̿˴ˡĲҵ顣
ġء
ǺɫС棬ֻʣºޣί֮Ĳࡣ
˵ɣ˴ŭ˭ȥģұ˿һ괿ȣԼ˳Ҹ֡ôһ۶ûֱӷˣ쵰⣬ûõĶذʲôôľǸéʯͷҲиԣ


399 ĵһ
ɫСﲻ㡭
ƨһɲǼһ»ΪۣŭϽ˵ôһ£ҸŮԴ֮죻䳤֮취ţҪΪ׼ӴҽΪͬˡɶɶûɣͽСӷ˽ȥӵļƻδ͸ƾ֣쵰ǲҪң
ǺɫСɫԽѿ޶ˣֻһζʣһĶ¡
˵¡ţѾ˺µһϾһɭֲơ
ɭһ֣ʱ綼Ϊ֮һ䣬ԭأ˲ʱȾһҰɫ
ɫСٶȺޣСҲȲѰءǸСûκң˵ҪȴǴڮңŸҵءˡֹˣвҡ򣬻Ҫʺ˵ı޳ܣ¼СûۡมҲû취
򣿡һģ˹ȥˣ˵ġһﵱ򡭡Ҫʺţ԰ѵΪɡͽֱӷ˽ȥ
һݺѰֵΪɣҲ˲ʱ±ƣ
һ̣оһΥͷĿѣ
ʲôɣ
Ҳô
ʲôɣ
ôҲ̫˰ɣ
ɫСأί֮ĺޣû취ҡҡԴƬأҾǸɾĴڰ⾹ǸС衭ܴҡҡ
ܴ衭ʱһģ˰ۣľãŻعŴѾĸɾƨɾɾãɾӣɾëߡ
ʽ˴ʻ㣬ϲ಻֮ƴӺ˵ĿкƳһ㱼ʱȻȫûƬͣЪûģ
ǿ˹žҶ棬ҲҪʰ·硢׾̾ģ
ôĸҸ̸߳ܣ̸裿ôΪ㿴ʯͷֳӲˣôĲһôŭĲˣһʲôʺǸӷϣǶðѾˣ֪֪㻵ӵĺˡ
ɫСԴȴһίȫԩ˵Ŀ
Ҳôڻֻ֪ίŭѾľǸ쵰ܼƻҵĴƻ֪֪㡭֪֪һ޴Ķ֣Ҷƻˣ޷ģֻҪ׼Ѫ࣬ҾܴӴиǿСܡϵ޾֮еȤ㡭˶
걯ߵĲˣһа֮鷳½ʮü쵰ӹ֪֪ãֻҪμƻɹˣкϷɿδ׻óΪҵȻ㶮ãΪһ㲻ڣôһûˣȫûˡ
ôҪˣ
һͻһӡ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼܱҫǳʹǧͬʱ
ôõļƻΪһûˡһˡ
ȷˡ
ĲãҶЦܹռ䣬õӦţһҪѪģֻҪҶЦôˣ͵Ǹ꽨һԵôһֱעһеʮˣҲԼް취
˸ȻףһûǿҶЦҶЦͷǾǽ˱˴ԵַӸĳҩɽҲû̫𣬶ֻ;ͬѣ
˭õһȻôֱӣô⣬ô赭дƵĶķʽƾ֣
ԼΪһĲ֣Ǻķǰռ䣬ҶЦϱ֮ͨһоֻΪһѰŵʱһԵҲǰһԼΨһһεĻᣬǣһ׮Լ
񣬷ǵһоӰֹңô˶Լ
͵˷۱
ôģѾһŲ̽˺òãôķԼ顭һ޹رɫû뵽û뵽¾ȻҾĵһġ
걬ȻһŭǺɫСŵûɢ


400 ζ
֮
곣̾һ૵ˣվջġ뻹һͽܡԾǽԵ
ٹƬ̣Ϻ¶Цõ飺԰ΪȫҿϢǸɽŵĴӣѹͲ֪˭Ӳ֪˭ʦ֮֮ǣ˱֮󣬽ֻ»ҪϹңһ˵ƣֻܱš
ҡôϵˣ
⼸ֱ֣Ӿҧгݣһһֵ˵
֮£λͬʱˮû񷡭
ĪôֱһΣݣ
ĴƲ񷡣

߿νޱ
Ǹа֮һֱô꣬ҲδôƣôˣϷŭֱܹپǳɶĪȻӵˣѵ͹
ǿ벻̣Ҳ̣˭Ҳ̣
ڲ֪֮ǰһֶԼĻָǰ
ʲôֶΣùȥԵƶ룡ǻ쵰ô˵
⻰˵̫˰ɣνԵƣκһһεϵܲԵǣ۸ǣҸӡأʾ༥
ӡǣǿɲǼ򵥵ԵȻиϵҪô𣿣
ҪҪģ
ľͶġ
ȻǶģȻҪжעǻ쵰һ˵Цݡ
ʲôע˵ɣ
ӮˣǾǰæһӴ˸һǿİ֣ν֪أ
Ҫʲôʹ㣬Ƕϸ֦ĩɶ˼
ɣոͽܾͺá
ɶ˵ոͽܣȻǿԵģһ˵ףҪӮˣͽֿܴȫˡǲˣ
˵ģֻҪ㵽ʱˣֵôˣأǺɹǵûƷ£
һΪ
׷
Ƕľֳ
ʱԼƶܹԷһѪȫ̰׷ѣ˷˻۱ƣ޷ƣ
ǣԼѾ˼ܲãǸעСˣԼԤһӦ켣ʹ˶ѡ
ľ䶨ˡ
˼ͷɱ˳嶯ʱǵʱǸ쵰趨壬ͷβǰҪռԼˣԼװ׳á
Ϊôֵܣνʲô˲רУΨһǷȱľֻԵĶġǴһʼʹҪԼֲ̰塣
ƫƫԼȴһԸƶôɵһͷ˽ȥ˳˽ȥ
һֱƶε˽죬һûˡ
ԽԽŭɣͻȻһ˳ȥҪǻ쵰˺޲ܰ
šˢһ˾ʹӰ٣;֮ǳ飬ָ˲䣬Ѿȥ˶λ֮⡭
ǺɫСۼߺˣŵû겻壬һƨڵϣͷĿѣãŶ̧ͷһĽٺ
һҪŭѵĻˣ
Ϊһˣģ
ˣ
ҡҪզأ

ɫСãڻһˡ
ȥ˵Ժ󡭡ʵ̫ΣˣλǲţֻǸղŵһŭ𣬾һСҲϤΪУβ桭

δӵҶЦƮȻ£˿ɶԼ
Ȼ·ɶζǡȣҶץ˰ѩͿͿûˡû˿
ĿµĻѩֻñһ㣬Զѩ㵹ǺģȻӦ˴ɨѩ
ҶЦеʱһɼ
ղȻֻǾһƳȷ˼һССɽȣȻйĿռ䡣ΨһʺϾסľֻƬۼСɽȡɽܵıˮһ㣬Өͨ͸֮Ŀ
ѩصĳЩ϶֮Уһչֳ
ҶЦϸ֮£ŷЩ⾹ȫһЩԼδӲ֪Ʒݡ
Կ֪ҩԱȻɫ󼫾֮⣬ȴͬʱһֹˮһͨ͸УؿĪĹ⻪ʣεΪۣ̾Ϊֹ
ҶЦڱѩϣ֨֨˳С·һ·ǰȥѩ֮ϣȴƲƶˣƽƣƶһ㡣
ٹƬ̣ԶƵ
ҶЦ˵ȴ̫Ϥˣڡζ


401 
һˣϣҶЦˡ
ĿȥڲԶȴнڿգȻԽ˻ݺὣǵܣҲ֮ɢ޾
ǰһһӳ彫ȥԶ֮һѩ֮ƮϬѸ͵ĽȴѩƮ棿
һһѩƮ
ÿһһѩ֮Ʈ֤֤ѩ
Ⱦ׼ĿʹҶЦȥҲҪİо硣
˵ҶЦҲǾ΢Ƶмңڸһƽ𽣷ߵþΪȷ·ӣ޳ϸ΢΢֮ܲ˿֮ĩǾö˼Ŀǰ֮˵ĳܽδٿشﵽȵز̾Ϊֹ̾磡
˵ݽȻѾơ쳾λѧ£
λ֮УȻԺ쳾ߣΪҲǿռܵķӣ޿ɿ⣬˵ϸ·ӣȴҪ㣬Ϊ½ߣΪޣֹԪ壬һǼˣԸϸڷӡ
ߵԪΪȻԶں½֮ϣΪζ࣬Ԫͬ࣬з֮Ķ΢鵤ܣʵҶЦڸһƽ𣬱һۺٶȡȷȼ漼ɺ϶ΪһľĽʹǷں쳾죬ҲǺֵ콣
ĺ쳾죬ΪθԶԪҲ֮һһ١٣ֱ꣬ʮĸ߶ȣҲΪԪߵ׵Ĺϵ߸ΪעرΪΣԼĴĥֻҪΪ㹻ߣͶǺܣֻҪ㹻ǿƾ㹥Ҳƻα׷һЩϸ֦ĩڣ
Ҳǽͨռ֮УȻͨҲһ̶ȵĿռ֮ΪֲڵĸԭڣͬʱҲǳƷ֮⣬ͨ΢֮
޷;ͬ飬λһĴߣǽΪĥµߵĸ߶ȣѾޣȴҲ֮ĥ֮ãλ֮ΪнΪĥĸ߶ȣȻ˺ѿռ䣬ں½ҲܰѺ½ĸԭڣ
Ȼǰʹĳ佣ۣȴȻҪڴλ֮ϡԶԶ
ڴﵽһز֮󣬻˵Ϊߵһز֮󣬱㲻ٿ׷ԼչʾзǷ𺳣Ϊ˾ߵѾһġ
Ҫķϸ΢˼Ŀȡ
νľᣬֻһһ㡣
д˵ĳλǿʱ֮һ̻ףȻץɽӣһɴļл׳ԡ
УÿξֻһŻ֮⣬ʱǰľƱһŻһھƣӡʼﲢ£һֱٷ꣬ƺǸһ䡣
˫νġӡҪ㳾㵽ҡ
ݴ˵ˣλǿ߻̾Ϣһʧ˵ǲңм侹Ȼ˷һŻףɼΪԶԶδ¯֮
ǵӰȻһ·ȻΪԶԶȲλ˵еǿߣȴͬ;ͬ顣
ңӰһĴϢʾķΧȻѾ˺һҵĳز
һּ˸ߴϵľ硣
ҶЦԶԶﲻΣ
ҶЦҴ־磬Ǵʮ⾲ۿٲ˿귳ơ
иһᣬ
ƸЦ嫺ľӦ
ҵ㣡
ҶЦ˼ƣƺֻص˵һμӦ龰
ʱҲǴҵս֮УֹѩˣҲѩ绨
һľǿ񣬻ȴ񵭴ݵɫ
ҶЦֻо糱һʱ䣬ѡ
һʱ˼㱣ι˼Ȼ˽ϦϦںεأģֻһ轣Ӱ
ҶЦ¶һ˿Ц⡣
¾һ컵ζ
ζϿνټǵٵ쳾޽С
ﾲأģɵɵĳЦţųֳֳˣһʱ䣬ƺ֮䣬Ҳûʲôκ¿עĿ
ֻԼͣ轣Ӱ
ڴʱһƽȻӭҶЦԾһδ
ĽǰէȻֹͣ漴һĮȵ˭
Ȼ֮˵֮󣬸žʹסˣΪ֮Ѿ˹۽֮ˡ


402 Ӧ
ҶЦ۾ΨԼǰԼվһɫӰ
һ˫ƺ̺ǳ۾ԴԼ
漴ˮ֮УѸٵӿһʵƺڻԼ۾ץŽƴĲ۾
ֱһΣˮӿȻֲһΣٲһΡ
ƴգ۾ҪԼøϧԸΥˮԽԽ࣬ģ
ңҡҶЦ˵ˡ
ҶЦ˼ʵҲƽʣƺһ㣬ֻǳɳƣ֮⣬ȴһֺλһζ
ľӦէҶЦȴͬ׻һĳ״סˡ

ټʱҸһֻˡ
ң

лڣεӰֻĺ˻ģ
ҶЦٶȳ
㡭ӦһƺʧȥվԭҲάϵĵȥΪҵطԶҲˣ쿪ۣҲ
ڶӦص
ҶЦۼֿ죬һѱסˡ
Ŀһ̣˴˾ǲŵľϲԼŨŨ⡭

֮һȫˮ칬֮Уǻָ
ôᵽҶЦĲ⡣
⴦ص̶ȣҩɽǸҪߣ
죬ûܴӽʹߴ֪ѶϢȻ䣬ϧѰ޹ѴΪΪȣϾոµؽ磬տΪ洦Σȴ˴ң˵㱻һռ֮ڡ
׷νռڣȻȴ֪ΨһһռǱ֮ȴ֤㵱һоԵ
ҶЦʱˣƿڴ˵˵ɶʱ򵽹֮˸ںƭ㣬ʲôռ䣬޻̸֮Ǿһƭӡ
˵˵ȴԽ˵ԽСȻĳ뵽Լ֮ʱһʱȷʵǱĳռ䣬վսҪǰ˵˵ĻǴ֮˵Ҳ˵Ϲ˵ռʵڱ֮ƣ˼ҵû˵Լֻ˵ռ䣬ȻƭͼȻӲ˵˼Һ˵˵ʲôŶòƻ˵ϵģ

Ӧʱ˽ң֪ʲôǱ֮һϣңһֱѰңһֱʦ
ҶЦȻһʦʦǡ
ڱʦ°ݵʦӦǳ羴˵ʦЦЦǲ֪ʦʵʵͨ쳹֮ܣ㸲Ǭ֮ҵʱǵ΢ĩΪǿӽ֮ұʦ֣Ҵ˴˾֮У˵֮ʦңռ䲻ֹһ㲢ڴ˵أἰ˾ǻ֮ѳΨΪﵽ˲𾳽磬ܸ뿪˾ķѹǣֻ̹ȻܣɵǣʦǼһߵ·Ӳıϣɵ˰ʦͷʦȻΪ׿ʵǸȴǺͰǽ֮󣬿νҶڣҵĽȻ൱ģҲǸʱѣʵʦ˵ĻеΪΨǿΪػԼˣػԼ顭
ҶЦžӦ˵Ŵ͡
Ӧò໰С˵е˹ȫȻûκ
Ӧ죬Ϊĳĳ鴫оƣյأȻһжǷ׻ѳ飬һλʵǿûߵʦһؾأʦѧգѧִͽӴĿѧ
ȻȻΪɿ죬вǣʦ˴ؾƣΪСɣܿ뿪ؾƣȻ˵װټص⡭
ǾӦΪĿƴ
Ȼ󣬸Īʦ£뿪ˣӦԼ
ȻҶЦˡ
ЩǴκһ˵һ͵ѪģŮ˹Ĺ£
ûκһ泬⡣
һеһУҶЦȴһ֡ơĸоȻǰǰҶЦûзκαƵĺۼ
ңеһòƶǶԼأԾӦкôǶԼкô𣿣
ôһеôһأ
ҶЦʹоɵ㣬ȴֽͲˡ
һ㣬ƣģܲ
ֻǣĳ˿ӦؼԼ֮ҸЦʱͽЩ֮Ժ
йԺܻˮʯ֮աҶЦ룬ȨԼοԼ
ˣǸ°ʦȥˣ


403 ŵĽ
ʦ˵ƿҪչأֱͻλףɾʹһŮǿߡųӦеĵ˵
˵ʦǸŮģҶЦʵ
ԭҶЦɾӦʦƸôߣͨ쳹أ㸲Ǭֶռ䣬֮ˣ⾹ȻǸŮӣ
ȻӦ˵ʲô֣񷺮񹦣ǲġţ⻰ʲô˼ѵŮʦ˵öԣԼʵ˿סԾɲԼʵǿ󣬹Ȼԣ
ҶЦ죬˾ӦɲһŮˣһʼ͸ԼԶĴŮˣⷽԣ֮ҪѸ㣬òֱʦ˸Ӽ˵У治ǺͷϽжһѽӦڻȴǳĳζ˵˭ǿ˭ػǵҲãӦҡңҪҵġ
Ӧһ̣ϼ˫գҵʱ˵
ĻӦû˵ȥ
ΪһѾ˿ϷĶסˡ
ӦҵĿ飬ԽԽСĳĳЩ棬޲ĳɱȣƫƫӦǵĳ㡭
һҹ

ʲôλˣڶһ磬ҶЦڴϣ£Ĩ֮УƺһŨŨĴ⡣
˾Ͳʲô⣬ּڵϷ
𡭡Ӧĳ˵סѹסӦǡ𶯣㡭һûлָôأ
ҶЦǿѹƳ嶯ٵʵô
ڴǡ𾳽һ죿ֻǶ죿ҶԴλ׵Ļֲ̫¾ˮ׼㲻Ҳ׼ȥˣֻҶĴδ鼫£ʦԲŶȼ죬ϸʦ˵ΪǿˣȻʮ㡭ӦȴаʮĿֻΪ㣿
ֻһ̣ӦȻ
Ϊ֣óԸһֱܲʵҶЦͻȻˡ
Ťȥֻĳ˵ɴ˴ľ۾ԼͬǱ˲ӵĹ𾳽磿һ죿죿
ҶͻȻоԼܱߡ
Լһ·ǰǰӵеǰڳƷ۷ĳɾ͡
ôĵƣôŵرôĵ̣ôġ
ԼҲžֻгƷ۷ΪʵѰ
˼ҾӦ
弶ûԼߣûԼȹ̸̣ûԼ񣬸ĵơָʲôʲôԼ˼Ҿֻǰһʦĵط˼ʱ䣬ءؾͳԼ
⡭仹
ӦĳһĿɿڴĿƿԴľŲŲŵĵУȻҵģأ
ƷҶЦȻ
һΪôҲв಻𾳵ʵӦ˵쳾ôͻƵΧ֮£ôôʱŵ˳Ʒ۷أôܱһأΪˮ׼һֱǲģ֮ǰǿֹһ˵㻹Ƶ񵤵ı£ؽѵиˣ
ӦһŨŨ⡣
Ȼ
ӦԴ˺쳾죬ûнӴ̫ĸߣһߵľԶΪʹͻͽ״̬˪á򸾶ˣλصʦΪһǧ
ȱٲο󣬾Ӧ뵱ȻΪԼĽˮ׼״̬ģ
֮ΧѣףֻҪԼһŬʱǲˡ
˼룬۵ҶЦҶ˳
žӦ۾ǣΪҲûϵһᱣҶ̲סҪ²ۣôʲô֪ŵǰһʲôʦôô뺷ŮˣѵǴ˵еʦ̫

Լô죿⡭ҶЦһ
ȫܵ飬Ũ񣬹ʺϣҲԲܽô찡
ߡӦ˸ۣʦȻҲ˵æ
æҶЦһ
ǵõʦң˵Ϊ̫±ˡùඥ󷨣͸һɺҲֻһɺѡ
ӦĻҶЦǴ󲻽⡣
ֻһɺҲԲӦþ߱
ҶЦ;Ӧ֪ӦλʦһλʲôӵĴڣִһҲԾ춯ءοõĹඥ󷨣
ֻඥһ㹻ӦҡһֱͻƵ𣬶Ƿһ죬ûκƿ
̺ĴҲ㹻Ӧˡ
ȻЩڵҶЦ;Ӧǲ֪ġ


404 

ڶ죬ҶЦɽ֮⣬ɼһʯݣڷѩ֮С
ʦڵʱӵĵطӦԴ˼뿪֮ÿǰɨ˵֣Ǹü죬ûаҳ¡
ҶЦһȾ
˼Ҷߵغ֮Ӧǰȥݼ
ӦһЦҴȥ
Ȼʯݷȥ
ӦƿţֻɸɾһȾȻªʯ֮Уȴ㺮Ҳо
෴һůڵĸо
ʯ涼©ӣͷ⣬ôů紺һȾ
ҶЦעĿȥֻʯ֮ڣһһΣһ֮⣬
ǽϣһ
ҶЦûʲôоǣϸȥȴΪ֮𶯡
м䣬һΪͨĻɽˮȼʣȴ˽ɽվ߷塣ҶЦٴοʱȴоɭȻ
ƺһѾԼӭҶЦһʱȻһ亹
һɽˮȻ̺ƥĽ⣡
ҶЦڵΪں쳾ԿǿߣȻ޷е
æס۾ͷתһߣڸоʴ̲סкȻ
λӦʦһʲôˣ
ʲݵӦµһȻ̺ôǿܣ
ʦ˵뿪ʱߣ⡭ӦҶЦı֣ɵһЦ
ҶЦ죺
ſ߶
һֻ߸֡
ҶЦֻǿһۣ͸оһޱȵĿ֮һΨҶķɣѱơ
ƺʮĸ֣Ѿ߱ԼꡣͬҪֽϷɳŰ£ݺһ㣡
ǣبݺ˫ͣ
ǣؾĵһ٣
˵Ŀ˵񣬼˵Ŀ񱩣˵ĸ߸ϣŰ裬һ
ʮĸ֣ͬǶƶ˵oĮģ쳾£
쳾£ܿܿ˿С
ָо
ҶЦʮĸ֣ͻȻһ֡ɷǡָо
漴һ֮ƵʦһŮôôôһ
ӦʦŮѽ⸱Ҳ޷͡ѵǡдģ
ʦд𣿡ҶЦʵ
ûСӦʵʵҡͷ
ӦʦдģҶЦֹӦˡ
ȻˡӦҲǵͷ
ĽͣʵûбĽͰ
ҿҶЦͻȻ۾ɵĴģλʦǺ
Ӧ
Ȼȫů񡭡ҶЦʯǽӵɳǽǽ⡭ݶذ塭ˣһʯݣȻȫůģ⡭
ůǴ˵֮е
ֻҪСָͷô󱡱һƬϣͿԺ֣ļ紺ңܲϵ壬ٲĻʱܹ񣬲ħٶȻܹһϣ
ůԶ£
ֻôһСƬͿ˴ͷ
ůļֵԱȵҶЦ쾧裡
ĳ̶ֳϣй֮
쾧ǷˣɾûˣůȴԶڡ
Ⱥ䱦Ȼֱӣ
ÿһ鶼أһɺȣһɿȣһɸ߶ȣ
ˣҶЦͷĿѣ˵
ȻҶ޾ռ䣬ĵƣӦʦֺҲ̲סһ֡ż˴ָо
ҶЦһθоЩǿȣԼʵʵڵĻһ⵰
ҶЦɽ֮УӦ˫˫ܴһ¡һ˾ñط꣬Ҳ̫ȥڶ˵Ҫȥʱȴ֣û·Գȥ
ǺɫʯȻֱҲˡ
ǿɣҶЦˣԽԼĿռ䳨Ƭͨ޶˰ĵľˣͽĻɷɡ
ʵе뿪ɣҶЦŸϽԼű˹Ĵۣ˾ǸñŮ˵ģŮƽȻУⷽ治У
ĳ˵Ĵ廹ǺɶģòΪӦ֮ǰûɶ˵ˣ
ԣʱȻռ䣬൱Ҫģ
ҶЦ˾Ӧķԣֱӽ˵Ұᵽ˹Ǹʯ֮С
ʦֲסʲôҶЦдʣǱЧʮʦôõΪģ㲻ãǹһ⣿
Ӧûа취ʦ֮ǰȷʵ˵ԼҲͲټ֡
Ȼڰȥ֮ǰҶЦȻǽǷͶҪȻÿν䣬ҪȳܷԻеһ
ǿɲǺܵģ
Ӧ֮ĽͶ
ҶЦ⣬ԼߵʱһҪʯߣ
̫˷ˣ
ǿɳܵ˷Ѱ


405 Ҳȥ
ת۰ʱⵯָ
ԾһʱٯٯûаҪȥּȡ
ҶЦһ㶼ȫԱפھ֮УֻҪԼȥǾԵһʧʹε췭ظǽ쳾춼ûˣԼҲܰȻڵ׵ĳ
Լǰǽл˾Ӧʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
һΰݵʱֲź
Ӧܹװ⣬Ȼκηԡ
ʵھӦ˵ʱ䣬δһ֮Ϊ۵ʱ⡣
İ˳ϦദûκνԹκδҲûκεķ¡ɹӣνɾ´ҲͲ˶Ѱɣ
ȥ
ȥʲô
ɾԼһ˵ģûôľ֡
ǲˣȴмġ
ǺɫСǱĳ˵ǺɫʯȣҹҹΡ
ߣֻҪҪȥˣǾͻǵңҪȻǾ޳ҲȥֻҪңҾҲҵˣԾɲǳȥ
ɫСҧгݵ㣬Ѿ滮ҶЦԼ棬Լ֮ĥΪѣϷˣŪ֮εɶɶɡ
ȥ˾Ǻ޶
ôֵסˣÿһֲۣ˼񡭡
·ֵҸ۵ӽҪ쳤ؾãģʯá
զ£
಻԰ʲô
һ£ɫСΪ˿϶װģȻԹۣ˵Ҫαװʲôʱ򣬵ȵǲαװʵʱȻܵġ˵ڶ£ĳ쿪ʼЩˡе㲻Ծأ˿϶ϷݼȻƲǺܸģǱĬҪôģ϶Ϸء
˵£ĳĳסݼȷʵޣȻôʱ䶼û̫©ˣȥɾ͹ѵһȥ𣿣
µˣɫСʼĸ꣬һ״̬ôԽԽϷأ⻹ϷĻ׵ӰۼӰ󰡣̫Ȼг˰ɣѵĲˣߴһӣ
ǲһ뱻ԶǿɾʹԶҲɰ
һˣ־ɫСޱƵץģѵǷ˲ɣѵ˾Ͱװ׵ıһضûݷӰӰǾϷһҪϷ
ôģôŤˣ̫ˣ
Ȼ󣬼ʱ滹Ǻ޶
ɫСڳסˣ
ţ治ӰۼӰľǴ㳤ʱĴȥȥ⣬ûɶǵģ
ӰһĳȻɽ֮УһɾƵķΧƫƫóĿ˵ι࣡˸һһȥ˰ɣ
ơֽȻ෴ĸо֯һ𣬴־ĳڵ˵ζ
ǱŤ״ɣ
˭뵽ҶЦӦĳĽȫȻ֮ţøɶɶ·ûûп
ӰƵþһûһ˶ȥ𣿣
ҶЦĻͷһҪ˵Ŀ˵ǸҪȥȥȥȥĶ磡
Ӱһס
׼ĴУԷȴ˦һ磡
ǿɣ޿ɱ粵ɣ
⡭ⲻζԼĴڱȫûκô
˼ҵķӦȫԼԤľ籾¶Ҫô㡣
ƨĶ磬ѵһȥˣӰ̡
ҪĿɲĴ𰸡
ǸļһһƣҲϵҪǿҵƣҵĲɻȱ
ɻ㹻𣿣ҶЦĿľΪҵֿαػҪȾź쳾ðΣ⣬гкдģ͸԰ν۷ҲͲ˰ɣõزסȥʲôȥɱȥǶΣհ㵱ɵ𣿣
ӰЩιȥ
СŬǰУ׷Ѱ֮·񲻰׵֣ĳǳһָ㣬ͷĿǡ
׳գǲܼʱֲǹҸ⣬ٯٯǽѾżɣǺӵʱôʱ򽲴ǲеģԼ˵ҶЦݵķ༥
ҶЦεӼĳʵˣڲԣôȥٯٯˣô죡


406 ʦ
㣿ҶЦתͷ˿һӰĺɫӰӣ㰮զզ죬ɣǲȥˣԸ˲ɵ𣿣
˶٣ֵҲǲȥΣ
ӺɷһԼȳ׷˵ȥͲȥҶЦһŵǧ𣡡
Ӱ³һɫ֭Һ
ɷˣ
Ӱøˡ
˵գ㵽ҪôſϳȥӰ
ɶҪȥô԰ҶǲȥѾĲǸҶЦڡ
ӰƷһУಡһʧӰ٣ûʯڿɫѪҺüʮôࡣ
ôģһ첻ȥҲһ죬һ겻ȥһ꣬Ҫһ˲ȥӵΪعʮǿģǾҪΪʯĴڲ֪ʮ꣡
ߣһ˵棬ôⱲ񲻾Ҫﵱʯˣúʯãģ
￴ȻӶɳ
ֻ֮ǿų궼Աĺɫʯ˼ѩϣһһ㣬ƲסĶ£ÿһζ£ȻĳЩط罦һЩɫҺ塭
򻹻ᷢţһĴ
⣬ôĻʯô
˵̾ΪֹεΪۣ
ҶЦںӰʧ֮󣬷˸ۣžӦ
ҶЦ֣ӦλʦȻһλǰδĿˣǸߵףѹֻѡҪˣػԼ˵ʵ˼̫ˣϼ֮Уʲôλ棬ʲôΣǶǾԵͬ޵С
ڴ֮ǰҶЦ֤ܶΣҪ˵ƽԽսֻҪԽ׵Ķ֣ҶЦҲе֡
ȻӦд֮ʧЧˣҶЦԼȻֻóƷȽһĲ𾳳ǿ˿벻𾳵ĲͲҶЦĶ֣鲻𾳶ƷĻҶЦҲ֮ƽΨʵǿ㣬ʵսĳҶЦŸ治УԳʱ֪ӦΪԶԼ֮ϣҶЦûзϣϣдУþӦԼޣΪһУ
ȻΪһв٣д޵ҶЦˣΪҶЦ֣Ӧ֮۽Ʒκһôͬ죬쳾޽еĸ߶ˣ
Ĳϸ³Ʒ̵Ĵۼһеһо˸еĲƽҶЦһָоӦѧЩѧȻһ̶ϣԾҪѷɫһԲ̫ࡣ
ǲĳ̶ȣҲֻһֱָռԵȵλƣ޿ɱ⣻ȻӦ޳ֵĹֻҪȥܹԼĲ϶ϲԽԽԶļ
˫ʼձһ룬벻󣬵ҲС
ȻǾԵĲ־һǰһ󡢽ǰź飻ܵĵطҲܵΨһҲֻһ
ΪĲֻΣǾͲҶЦˮƽܹģϾǸҪ֪̫̫ࡣ
ǻҶЦһľӦ׵ȫλѹҶЦһͷҶЦûа취ƣҾҶЦжֻ൱һʱԼ׷ϾӦˣΪ˵ĽƵͬƽȥ
ͬҲΪӦõĴʵ̫߶ˣˮƽĪ˵֮Ʋĺزأ巽۵ֻ֮Ҳͣ
ߡֻԼʦĲǿ߲пܣ
ҶЦھӦ˵ʦҪͻƱչʲô˵˻ɡ
ǻɾӦ˵ǻλصʦ
ܴûиӦ˵ʵеʵԭ򣬲Щ
ҶЦԼĹµһ񹦣سʼԲӵһй֮ϵƣ
ӦĹȻܹﵽಢĵزǵʲô칦أ
Ȼȫ󵽵ģ֮ȴҪëȻʵֲ̫ˣ
λʦԲ򵥡ҶЦһء
ӦΪȻĵ⻹˵ʦ϶򵥵ģӦǳ򵥲Ŷԣ
ҶЦҪ˵ʲôȴͻȻ
ǰʦȷʵǲ򵥣Ĳ򵥣ڿɱԵĲ򵥡
ԼӦʦƽֻԼ룬ھ۾ݣ˭֪˵˭һأϾ˵ʵʵڳҶЦ֪̫࣡
λʦ˵ĳ򵥣ųǿڵ巽ȡҶЦԳΣ˵ֻҲҪԶԶء
Ӧβĳһô


407 ƵС
УԼʦ϶ǿò˼ǿߣԲھʹﵽǿĸ߶ȣӦΪߣ˽ȴ޵úܣ֪ԼǰΪ۷壬ܹڶ̶ʱվ͵̳ʦӸߵףǿó󣬳ޣ
ҶЦͷԺȴͻȻԼ֮ǰЩǿߵķˣڱĽޱ޼ʵķˣնصһǰԵ˺һ
Լгʹ޵Ǹʲô˵įͬΰ
ȻλҶЦ㿰㾡Žһо֮е
ֻЩǿڣλʦᲢ۰ɡҶЦ˵
ǿĶ־
ǲǿߣǲһжӦ׷Ŀ֮ڣ
ҶЦҲҪߵһ
ƲǸɫСܴƬռڣǴ˾ͨŦһ̫̫õĴڡҶЦ˻⣺ֻǲ֪ΪʲôǲȥСһżӡ
ӦЦЦֻ²ֹǺżղ˵ȥʱСǿҪˣҪΣǸоܡǺɶɡ
ҶЦ˵˵ģ͹˵㡭ѾԶ֤ʦĲ
ӦȣţȻҲ뵽˾ʦȻڹϵ˾ʦҲֻǴռֶʹ䱾ʸ֮ʱ˺ѿռȥĽֻ֮𣬲˵ôŰɣ
ҶЦٺһЦһҶĿˣȻ˵ռĿȷʵֻǿռãνռ֮ãڲͬȴּ˾Ĳ죬ԵԪƷΪȻ˺ѿռ䣬ֻȥͬȼλ棬ǰλ棬˽˵֪֮۵ĳλ棬ʵȻռ֮Ҫ֮ͬϣȴҲת֮ʹøӾ΢һЩĿռ˺Ѷ۸߲εĿռ֮ʹռ䣬仹ʦеȫѱռ䣬϶ϳ쳾ļޣ
ռʦΪרſٳģרŹõרռ䣡
ǡ֪֮أռΪֹѾڶ𣡣Ѿһ޷Ӵ֡ǸɫСӦʦץάһƬռ֮õڡ
ҹơɫСƿƬռĴҲ˵ֻҪСʧˣƬռҲ֮ʧ
ԵģƬռ䲻ʧСԶָ״̬
һ˳죬ʹٳٶʱҲ޷ֻ룬ռĳֱ仯СǰδеΣУҪظɣ
ռֻҪڲߣ޷ռʧ
ҶЦٺٻЦЦǽһ
ӦһתЦզԽԽǸɶأǿЦҾ֪ûģ
ҶЦɫԵ˵ôûˣ˵˵һ˫ֵʱֲʵ

һʱ䣬ӰöһҶЦӵĶʲôʱ˰ĩս٣ʱܱһٲҶЦĻشȻǲȥҲȥռ乲Զ벻빲
ÿһΣСᱻ̣߶ȥ
ҶЦȴԽԽףһ뿪Ƭռ䣬ӦĽֻ¾ûԭôˣȻ޾ռļ㹻ҲܹӦƬռ֮еȻΪϾӦı֮ȴ޷ơ
ռִ֮ı֮ޣھӦڵľΪáģٿԹӦͻ첻󣬽Żὥ
ʱҶЦҲԽԼ޾ռȫſ߾ȫһƬռ֮еı֮ԼôǺɫСӣֻԼ뿪Ƭռͽƽ˷糢޾ռ֮֮ǰɺҶЦȻҳԣ
ԵĽȴҶЦϲ˼켫֮ԼľŴռκһռ䣬о޴棡
ǻɣóȥ˵
νʧʧһȥˣԼҲˣ˵ƬռԼ˵뿪׵ʧ
˵ҶЦץһеʱޣɶɶҲ˫ޡ

ɫСԽԽơһ졭
ͻȻ֣֮Ȼ˶ʮˣϸϸܵѰʲô


408 Ϲ
ɫСΪʯĴڣȻһҲЩȻҲһʯȻ͵Լ˵
˵ҶЦ϶ôѱҲһɻ
ӼȻô˵ǾͿ϶еǶغһʱ䡣һ˺ܵ
ѼΣ˵ûѵĵط
ţΧÿʯǰ͡
ã
ΣһҪҶЦɱ򣬺

ɫСԽԽǵġ
ЩɱҶЦģǹǼһԭô˵ɱ
һôģôԵô˼Ҷϧ׷֮ɱˡǺεް
ĳӵĳٽ᣺ҪǼһ֪ȻӲҳˡ
ҿզ찡
У֪
ֻܸһƬﻨƽ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ĳνȥöô컨׹ҶЦ˵ͲֱӽĳΪˡ

һɳ
ҶЦһХգأ
Ӧ̽һĨ⣬بʣϣҶЦϯǲ˿֣ȫԸ
ҶЦһЦǳӦֶ
˷ڿжһšһһǷӿһһѩء
ǵССĺӰĿⳡ׼ĳݳ޵3DƬһɵŲȥʲôã
ԼԼ˸߲ҵģб³ȥ
Ͻȡû־ϹΪ߰
ֱûˣ
ԭ޾Ի͵ĺҪϽˡ
Ӱ԰˵ơ
ҶЦôʱ޾ռΪý飬ѹռıǿɽȥѾòˣԸĵرָҩԻӦΪҲѾ˺ܴһ
ͱĶԣȻҪȥġ
ÿǺӰǰɧŵʱҶЦȴһļȥȥðȫ֪ܰƽϲҪһһһ˫ˣ۷壬򸴺󣿣
ӰӶĳԭѾˤ÷۷ˡ
̲סˡ
һ졪
үӰûһСС˶üĵҶЦǰүҽүôҪôܳȥ
ǿˡ
ĳĽڲֱµͣүĳνѾΪ֮ţ
ҶЦһб۾˵дүҲУ㻹ظٱ飬ĲȥˣɶɶУΨһûеľֻΣնѣгԵкȵţҳȥԼԼҲڣɵ𣿣ɲ֪ɣдѴѵĳء
ĳֱƵ֪ܲгˣҲ֪ҡһֱڣĳ˻ء
ȥ̫ˣ̫Σˣ̫ҶЦ˹һҡͷ˦ӵһ¡
ӰƵط˸ͷֵ˵үǲֻ֪ҪӲȥҾҲܳȥ
ҶЦ̯̯֣ν˵⻰˵̫˰ɣǵɣͲӰ죬㰮߾ߣ뿪뿪ǿǶ϶ϲġȥȥʲôϵ˵䲻ģɧţǸģΨһһ㲻гǸŪģ
ӰƵҪҪģզأռô߰
ҶЦŰۣô߾ô߰ˣ㻹²ûµĻɣҲҪˡһҪҪšûй㣬߲Ͱ
ӰүһᣬҸ˵ôҲе׷ɡôľʣʱúüʶһô
ҶЦȻɱˣڻ׷ɶһһһ˫ˣԸмԾµˣжܹȷƽϲ֣ܰҸһˣдѴѵԪܣ۷壬ȻĳȥǸʲʵҾ֡ûȤ
Ӱϸ룬ǰ˼Ѿõ绨ԣ˼ѾΪӣܰҸƽϲ֣Ԫ۷壬ԼҲǲԸҸģҪͲȰˡ
ͷԳ״̬ӰҪ뿪ĳˣܵǰһҶЦ½󣬿ధ磬Ҫٿһ£ֻҪȥһˣҡҪʲôҶ㡭
ɶˣģ֪֣߳ҶЦһתͷ뿪
Ӱںؿ
ҶЦͻȻͷֻҪȥҪɶ㶼ܸң


409 ҲУ
Щԥڻǵˣ˰ɣգɶܱڸ⣬ˡ
ӰŸվһĵڣڿ˻ˣû뵽һָı⣬õϣ֮ľץ񣺡үүɶҪ˵˵ʲôġ
νȻһԼĳû޵ģ
ҶЦѾߵûӰˣ֪ûµĳν
ӰöҪǻôһһЩЩһ΢΢ϣҲķˣ
ڶ죬ӰˣΪǫһһ״үĽţĹƻҶЦ
ҶЦֶ̬һ˿˿һ󲻶ӡ
죬Ȼˡ
ӰԾǿϣӵƶᣬӵļķ֮ǡ
ҶЦ̬ԽԽҡڲúӰоֻҪŬһ㣬ֻҪԼ̬ٵһ㣬ҲͳȥˡֻҪټһ¡
ÿһҲԽԽˣԽԽûޡ
ҶЦֵҲԽԽɣ
ڣº󣬺ӰһҲĥˡ
硭ү׵үүӰҶЦ˵ɣҪôųȥɣûĥȥˣ͸һʹɣʹ컰ҲУһҲС
ҶЦ°ͣɵ˵⻰ЩݣҪ˰ɣͦõģαô鷳ء
ɶݣ˵ֻҪ˵ʲôҲ鷳һհǣӵ⣡Ӱ䷢ģǲհ죬ͽ
ҶЦòƺЩ˼˵ʵӣ֮ǰŵҵЩǺöҶҪһҾֻҪһΣҡȻЩģҲ֮ǲν׶׳𣬴ž˰ɣ
ţ׶׳ôͰɡˣ̰ᡭŶ˵Լ̫ˣ£Ӱ۾˵Ϲ˵Ҫɶɣֱ˵ͺãǲֻҪҰ֮ǰŵĶ㣬Ը뿪У
ûˡκҲãֻҪһ˵ޣ˵һΪʼǱɽû޿ԣ
ǣ֪ԼԵһ̰֮ˣһζ˲ֻԼеһȫȥԼˡ廹ģ
ҶЦٺһЦòƹⲻȥαװˣܸɴ˵㻹ǲ̫˽ңиºţߣëҪһʼͰѺöˣһ߻һʱ±ƱˣҲͬˣڴӦôʹ죬ҲɣǲǻиõĶиĺöԼأһ̰ľͰϹ룬Һ̰ģԼԼˣǺǺǺǡ
Ӱٶ±ˣ૰βŵˣ̰ľ̰ĵɣֻܿ۰ɣֻҪеģȫ⻹𣿡
ҶЦЦԽȻ㿴㵽׶ɶжٺö֪֪һ϶ȫ棬Ҿ룬ôܵõȫĺöǸ⣬뵽һ취ǡԺ͸ңôҲҪɶ𣿻ʡ޵Ḷ́ǲô˵ģɣ
ӰһĿɿڴֱӸ㣿
ԣҶЦˬصͷҲǸˣҵĳɣԺ󶼸ң
ΣӰףѾΣ˵ΣȻ޳Ҫ󣬼ֱ޼ޣ
ҲôһĹ֣Ǿ˰ɡҶЦ̯̯֣޹˵治˵㣬֮ǰһֱңҲ˵㷢ʲô𰡡ڣ㲻Ӧֻ˵㲻Ӧģʵ̫ʧˣãҾôһ˵ư㼤ģǡ
Ӱȴŭˣ֮ǵ˵쵰쿪Ļ쵰ѾľȻҪүģ㡭ʨӴ󿪿ڣֱ֪ܡֱ޳֮ȡ޳¼
ҶЦѾﳤȥûĳĴ
Ӱԭط˰ͷ϶ð̣Щļˡ
ĵĻ
죬Ӱû
ҶЦʤȯգȫȻԳԺȺ˯żĻ;Ӧɶɶνޱȵ⣬ȷʵɹӣʵ
ү˵ڰ죬ӰˣһҪҪӣԸ⾻в
ĳļˡȻҲ˳
ɵأ㲻ҳô֪㲻˽أҶЦŰۣһŲ㡣
붼룡
զأ˵ٳԲѷҼˣҶЦһࣺˣѾͻƲ𾳣عʮԪеģҪ´μ涨һԺʱ䲻ʮʮҲУ׾ͻ㾳磬ʱͬ٣ʮҲǵ¡
Ӱһ仰ʱٶţƫƫ֪αԼͷŭ
ҶЦĻȷʵƫƫʵӰɵûκΣ
ɾʱ
ʹӰͻȻէһ޴ֲһһֲڿУ϶һֱ֮С
һ̣һֻСȻɳңӰ


410 Ĵֲ֮ߺ
ӰʱепǰΣ٣ȻǺ겻ɿܵıֲģԾΣʱһˢһ˳ǧɣ̧ͷȴһĿࣺ⡭٣
СĳವķɹȥһںӰͷϣֵΪʲôöԲѣԭߺ죬Ҫ֪ѾģӲŲأ
ӰСһ˸ͷأͷĿѣ㡭ôģ
ٵصĴֲȻδ棬ʵԱ˴ȴȫ֪֪ףһһ۾ϳʲôϡ£Ӱȴǣ˺ѿռ䣬֮ܣռں´ʹĴֲ֮һʹвٿؿռܣҲ޷롣
ôģ׳գһֱռôСԺߺһֱڣ˳ĺģˡ㣬»ҰһĺȻ䵽ﵱˡٺ١ⲻǱ˵ūôֻɫУʵұĴҰ
ߺ࣬磺ƨ˭ūˣȫɵģƹ޿ռ䡭
СԲмһˣ˵ʽ˭֪Ǽ٣ֻҪ뿪ռ䣬ҾϿ˵ô
ߺԾһ㶰βŵܡ
㻹˵ʲôƿռ䣿ƿظռƿɣūСԼڿ֮¡
㡭ңߺŭɡ
붼ܣ˵㣿ߺ찡㻹ܿ쳾ľ˼䣿ıܰСԼʡ
ҲܣֻܴռˡߺĴͷɥ
ܣֻҪ룡С緢ǽһü
ߺĬȻ죬ŵʲô㻹Ǳɡ˱˵ĳͬΪĴֲҲҪΪеֻҪ˼Լ˽ᣬһûɣ
СԺٺһЦܿ죬ʲô˵ǿǺ𣬺нģյ˼۵ɵϴܵһ𣿣ͬҪԵģ
ߺֱĵתͷȥûȵ˳ﻹôֺģϴܵܸ굱ȷʵϻԵϧ˼ҿң
ǰߵСӣܸ˼ϴܱôܱ𣿣
㵽ͣ㿪۽硣СһȲҪҫӣއNɪ㿴үʥأ
ߣҵҪסʲôѣʹĳɶɶû޳ܵУܸߵȥߺӲ˵
һ̣ĳ뵽ҶЦ޾ռ֮С
СԶ˵Դߺ죬ľռ䡣
һ롪
ҵġߺֱӾˣһƨɾ˵ϡ
ҡ⡭ʲôطߺ˵
˸ҵ˽أھס棬ĽɣʰɣްɣС̧Ųӡ
ߺ쿴СԵȷʵĽʺޡ
ôҲסء
˵˭ءҪΪȻǲӦ֪ôԵ𡭡СԵ󣺡ԭСӰٺ٣˵ߺ죬ɱӦΪĴֲһҪйһҪзǣһҸ㣬ɱǾǸĴֲģĴֲһҪƤľѾ̫ˣһҪðҪһЩջ󰡣
ߺ۾СԣȻ
ˣҲ㿴Ҽˣ֪ڳǶôĲ˰ɣСĳ򣺡߰ɣȥɣҵÿѱŲҪ֪һ͵һꡭѾʱˣʵ̫˷ˣ̫ݳˡ
ߺֻž͸˸һ㶤ľռ̩Ȼ̰غš
ҲߣߺԴ˱ʾúִ֣Ȼ
ΪɶߣСֵ˵ҵĵ̣ҵ⣬Ķˣ˵ˣ͵ʧȥɣ㻹ǳȥڰɣ
ߺһĲףҶһ֪Ǻˡ
ֻϧ˵꣬ȴѾǰһѾ˿ռ䡣
еҲѾʧˣСߺľ۾ǰһȦݺݵ˵ôߺ˵˭ǺأôĲǺأȫҶǺˣϽΪûû׷ĳڵʾĽȥˣ֧ŶҿŶСԲ˵
漴ˢһӣȲĻصռȥˡ
ߺҪҪһ̧ͷͿҶЦһʱסˡ
ʧܣҵĳﶼҶ˵Ҳԣ޼۵ģҲܵ㡭ҶЦòƺھε˵


411 
ҶЦھε˵ʵҾͲӦǷ֮룬Ȼ㲻Ըң벹㣬򿪿ռưɣͳȥȻˣ꣬Ϊɻ
ĳݼʸ߷壬ǲ˽ĳЦģԻԻĳ˵ľ
ߺһԹĿҶЦʲôһô뿪ˣôôͻȻأѾ׼ˣҵ廹ģǡôֱӾͷء
Լɣ
ʲôɣ
ƨ꣡
˭ϡ
ҡҡߺ£¶ģԼѾˣһ˵ʱ¶ҡ
ΡҶЦ˵ӲҪǿԼСԵ״ĽпĲӦǿˣӲҪ˼ҵҳҲĲʣˣԵԺԵټɽģˮ
ҿֱӾҪǣټĿˣ
ߺʱˣ˵
ܾҶЦҲ
Ϊʲôզأߺɵۡ
㲻ĸԸģҶЦǿŤĹϲĵһǶģ쿴СĽĸпࡣ
ҲǿŤĹϣ治ǰߺ켱˵ĸԸģ
֪ǿСԵֻۣǱ󣬾ٺõĻΧȴȵڣһҵĳһпɶҪҵİҶЦΪѵ˵϶ܲ˵ģ
ʲôҶܽܣܵģߺͷһ޲ðͳҶЦӡ
ģ
ģ
Ĳڣ
Բڣ
һǾֻ˵˵ֻһʱǲԵģɾǰɲ޼۵ġо仰˵ôϿɹɼ۸߰ҶЦʵ
ˣߺˣˣҰɡʹ󷢴ȱĳɡء
ҶЦüͷ̾˿ΪˣֵöһӣҲľ
ͨ
ߺڵأˣ㣬ҰɣһٳԷɻ
ҶЦһΪѣǺðɡ
ԱߵľӦҪЦ飬Ͼܻܽӭӵ߶ȵҲҶЦˣž޼ةһĻҲҪİ棬̾£
ЦЦôģֻ˵ôµأӦһǾúЦҲ÷˼ҶЦһľٶܻӭȴɹͺô
ʵҲδؾεĸĪ⣬һͱĹϵ֮ǰһֱĥģ½ǵĵزʱѾɹһˡС˵һٰ֮ȻȴǿɼģȻȻؽջ˼£һ޷ܵĵزҶЦȻͳɹˣڰͰ࣬˳µĵͣҲʲô
Ȼ˳µ飬Ϊʲôһʼ취֪֪ղŵҡǺܲӦ˵Ӧһ˵
һʼõĻЧȴ±룬׸洵Ľ֣ȻߺδҵĿռ䣬۷ֵĽע̬Ϊ֮Ľһɢͽ޹һǽ佾ȫǹĥ֮кͬȼٳ˵ƾͳ׷תһȻˮˡЩɲǻۣȻΪˣǲõں½ĺֵ޼ָġΪ֮ȴоղ֮ĵͷԣǰЦո֮һ֮ģ
ҶЦӭź磬һھӦ䣬˾ѩУһ·ƮƮˡ
Ӧ룬òϣҶЦȷʵЧġ
ڿռʱ䣬һγ֮˶һƮƮɵĸо
ӦĵĿҸҶЦ־ֻȴǼֲ⣺ʦ˸߸ˣʹ¶ǴĴֲǰ׹֪Ӧⱱ֮ģ
յ˵Ӧ֪Ͳ
ҶЦУһʡ
Ȼʣòֻн׹ӣп֪ˡ

ߺҶЦӦѸײڶ֮ƣȲؽԼıֲľռ֮УΨҶЦڣʧԵȻõСԼΪ׷ߺռԼ̵ļһ׷ʹ
ѾĲǺй𣿡
ѾĲҪ𣿡
ѾĲǲ𣿡
Ѿôйʲô
ѾɳϿɹѴĴֲϡںεأѾ޳Ļ쵰⣬㻹ҲеˣѾı޳¼޽ڲܣ̫Ƿ߳ܶˣ


412 Ҫɱ
СԵͱʣߺ컹ܽͰ͵֧ᣬɵ˺СԽԽ֣ߺ߳ŭһãûôΰɣ޽ڲû߳ܶΣôذɣҾǽˣѾǼȶʵˣҾ˲ҪˡûΣܰҸϳȥҸϳȥ𣿺ߣ
СĿɿڴ֮żһ仰֪ʲô޵ˣȻ޵У޵аߺ죬㲢ĴֲΪܣ
˵գСֵػصԼء
ߺ޵֮СײҪһٻСԣһʱȻЩ緢ΪԼļǺȲʣ૵Ҳ˵޵УҸͲˣҾΣҪҪƤֲˣҪʲôߣҽƬռˡ
ĳ޳ۣСֻۣȴվԶԡ
ôһȫ֪ΪĺСΪĴֲ֮ףȴ˵ʲô
Ͼ治ܡҲߺڴפߺ컹ҶЦۣѾΪǿ֧֣
ʽפľռߺʵظԼһأСһһСվȽģռõĵطȪ
ߺ֮аԾɲҾⷽСֻ˶ΡƾԼռһЩƴɢ
СԶĳٶȲȻŭһҪĻפѾĶˣȻҸ̣
ǺҲƴͷء
ľռ䣬ǰʢһʱɽХӿ촨
һ˲䣬ڿռ֮ҶЦظоԼľռ֮óȻұ仯ұ仯֮ңֽ״̬뵵ĳ̶ȣγ˺Хһ𵴡
ҶЦʶһ֮̽ʣȴһɺɫɫ壬֪Ϊ̫ӯ̫Ű֮ǿƳľռ䣬ȻĪ֮ƽ޾ռߡ
۽ǰɢݶ֮ʵ˼Ƥڻˣ˼вߺ졢ֲƵ˵ǻԵһһһ˸߹һˡ
۽߼ϲʱ˷һĶ˵Ϥ½״̬֮С
λϴΪ̶ɢϢǳ֮ʱãǿɾɵˡ
̧ͷһۣмһ˵ۺӣһӣȻҲ⣬οƣǴֲֽսΪ鵤ˡ
֮ľռҩȻ֮£һ߸ɴֲŸһ䡣
СʼĴֲ֮ףеƣռȡôԼ֮ĵ̣ߺȻ·磬²֮Уμȷ
һϷλݶ۵òᣬȻȷ˵̣ԺĴݺݵĵ۾ŶԷ޲ýԷһ¶ȥ
ʱĺƽˡ
һ̣ߺͻȻգգۣһγѵĿ⣬мҾǸ˵һˣ˲á
ĳ˳ȥ
ҶЦȷ˴˴οռ䣬ֲֻ֮ĶȻûٿϽ׼뿪ʰСݣСݿȫů񹹽˵ĸ߶˴ΣݻΨһȱǷ̫أ޿ռһһİǨѾһ޾ռ䣬ֻʣ飬֮һ԰ꡣ
ǰӰһߺǰ
ˣмЩ㣬жʮˣڵŶԸ㣬ĳҡߺǹȵı
ҵĳңԸңҶЦһ¡
ԼòƾֻоԼ׹ӵ֪ǾԲܳԼģôڰ׹Ǳߣ
ֻǲ֪ǰ׹ָɷƸ¥»ǽԼй¶֪
ҶЦɫ֪ˡ
ߺ˶ô˲Ĵ£ֺĻصռ䣬һ˴󹦵ı顣
С״ذĳһۡ

ǰ׹ӸϢĿڰɡҶЦš
ӦЦЦ˵ǰ׹ôʲô˼
ҶЦ˼ǣѾҪˡ룬һԸҵˣǹˡⱾǰ׹һ磬֮Ų֣۽Σ
Ұˣˣôͻ˳ƽþУΪ˷Ƹ¥Ҳûб˱֯ԸΪұ𡣡
ʹʤˣҲӹ֣Щȫ𣬶ڰ׹˵ͬǲСջ񡣱Ͼ˲ʵ׵ĵˡ
֮ơȺɻǻȺǣ˭ʤ˭ֵˣʤߣĵߣ
֪˰׳Ծɲò´ң֪ɱˣ׳ǵǸˣΪҲǲܲɱòΪǺƣϤԣ˿˿ۣ
׳
ҶЦ΢΢Цһ£Ųѽ


413 ʯȥˣ
Ҫô죿ӦȻʣ۾ȴǿԼеĽ
ѩɭǡ
һɹĽƺХɱ
ô죬˳ƶΪͺáҶЦЦЦǿҵɱݺᣬŰ׳ڴ˴α֮Ψһ©㣬ҵǰʵˮ׼ڵңһΪ鲻۷壬Ϊȥ۷壻˵սضԶԶϮߵԤ㹻ȥɱһ˵ҵĹ쳾һģ˿ɱȵļȻԲĸ֣ҲδǵĶ֣
ר˾ɱİȻǹΪǿÿڣҲ𾳸֣Żиڲ۷֣죬Ѿǵǿߵˮƽ
ԡһǻſԸһǰδеĲʹѵ
֪Щˣǲǵģ
ǣҶЦЦǳȥ
ã
ӦһӢˬ֮Ȼŷ
˵ͬһƮ
ߺ조һӣͬݳҶЦĻͬʱȥ

ݣһ˿ռ䡣
оǰһƺ£ǰһɣ٣˲䡣
žһ˺ҲƵ΢𣬱ѩؿռʹ˻Ϊһ뵣Ƭ̣׻С

ΪߣŶʮλ֣Ѿغһʱ䡣
Щ˵ʱνǶ꣡
ÿһʱ䶼ôѶϵһٶıʶʲôûУÿһѩ㶼Ѿѹ˲ǧٱ飬ʲôҶӰ
ǲǱƭˣõϢĿɿ
ÿһζɫʶҶЦһ
ֻϷأزҶЦѵĻᣡ
ΣһҪҶЦ׼
˰ֻڵĶȥ
Ҳ֪Ǵôһ˾оȻԽԽ䣡
һһ䣡
һ±һ䣡
һʱȥִ̹ǵĺ⣬Ȼȥ𾳸ֶҪɲ˵ĵز
˵а
һ졣
ÿ˴ĸˣֲ巽һѴȡůȴȻ֡
ף
ǿɫʯȥˣ
һʱ֮У˾ʯΪ꣬£ľݵ㣬ôͻȻͲټĿֻؼ޾ããһʱǲϰߵ˵
Ȼ󡭡òƸоء֮ĺͻȻǰδ״һһӿÿһ̹ȥҪԭʱ˼֡
˻Ӷ÷࣬һֶţôʲôôģ̫ôˣԴӳûио䣬صԽԽܲסˣѾ۷ǿߣ˵ҲΪɡ⡭ֱǷ˼
ѹⱱ֮بԽûκڣôĻž۱ҲҪܲסĴ֣Щˡ
ǾǡУ֮ǰʯΪԭ㣬ﶼûˣôʲôȻٷֿҪپֻһХӦˡ岻
˵ЩеûˣЩȥľػûлЩղ˶೤ʱˡüë϶ǰ˪һһ³Ȼǰ˻Բ˪
ίʵѣҪһѻΪȼϵľҲҪȥ֮ҵõ
⻹ʲôϾһһĸ߽ߣ·ֻУΪѵȴǴֻ֮ҪԵĲͻᱻ˵غ˲ʱ
Դʱ̶Ҫ˽ԪڻѣγԪܹȼգɢһЩȡůǰȴˣ˵ʵı죬ֵܡ
Ӻγ״ȹ£ǿֱһΪȥֻ¾϶öˡ
һͻȻ̿Ц϶ˡ˵⻰ˡ۹
⼸һһʱصĴЦйơ
ͻȻɫһݣʧ԰Ǻɫʯô᲻ˣ֮ǰռ鱨ʯԴӱ֮֮ʼͬʱڣػóȻ˵ˣһʯôͻȻѲɳ˽ţǳ˾
ôһ˵һʱ価ɫȻʯûȣôͻȻˣΣ
ѵλҶЦˣ˺Ȼʵ


414 
Ŵԣһӷ׷վܶ
ɲһɺХĺէȻ١ѵʱӳĵÿҲ粻
еѩԾÿһѩƴСνĶëѩҪš
ҶЦˣˡϡһվĿĹˡ
ίʵģʾ˵Ϊˮ׼ԾȺǿ߼ɵ֡
˿̣һȻ𣺡
漴һն֣
һͻأνͻٶǿ쵽˼㣬ڻ˸֮Уֻһվ⶯Ĵ󺺣Ѿ촦һغ
ߵһΪǷʹڹ֮ҲǰĶ֣ʵʵĲǿߣȻͻһ̣֮ȫȻûκηأѾɱ
һ㷴Ӧûü
ͬʱһõĽ⣬ԾѼٶȵļӹԶ
ҶЦ
һŭĴȣӵ̫ˣ£
ʮӰϤڿл˾쳤磬ÿ˶ƴһ㣬ʧ֮Ȼֻôһ壬Խ׷ȴããѩ֮УէѪã
˾ĺѾȥһֺŵĵز
ǲߣվŲֻҪʱԾãҲҪɲˣ˼ֻＲۣȻҪܶĸ֮еĹˣֱͬ絶ѩͬʱϮ
ķѩǵޱȣӰΣΪҸû׼Ӧ֮˲ʱѪȴǱѩƤ
У˼æ˾Ԫγֻסȫܼ׷
ֻһΪܴȴ˾ͱһ顣
ǡ΢˲䣬Ҫ׷ȥˣͻȻ౶һȺ绹Ҫĺ⣬ڴѩէȻ֡
һĸֹ켣ܵ˼㣻ڴѩ翵ĳֵ֣ʱѾûһ˵ıģϸܵĽž
ֻȻҲϢ˵Ī˵ǽ˵ȫȻԶ߽⣬촷ۡ
һȥ˼µ
ȵǰΧֵɭǿһǧһ򱶣
˵ͻȻ䣬ͬʱǵɭĽ⣬δֹϢͬϢϸķʽȥһ˵ıģ˵ˣ˲ʱоһɿǰΣһӽⷭת
ֻϧȫֻתһ룬˹ڽֱӲһĨɫ֮ᣬ¶ʯһľӨ֮ӽըѣͬıâ˵һ˵ĺ󳾣ʧ֮䡣
ڶ˵һУԼ״˳׷Ӧ˹ڵһʱ仯ϯصǵɭĽ˳ȥ
ǵĽ֮һӰȻ֡
ݣ
嫺ľӦ
һӦûκûгָı飬񵲡
飡
˫޻ٵһӲƴԷξȻܿƵƮʮɣ¶ĪɫŮ˭ðģؾʵԼ鲻𾳶죬ȫԸľһڶԷ£Ȼδ
ֹδ
šžһ죬еĳѣǰؽƽƽڵϡӦӰȴӰβһֻؾƣȻǶ¡
˴һһƷӭȥ
ǣ
ƺȻȴһֺϸ΢죬û֮еĺȻ졣
һֻ̣оԼѾʧȥ֪һɱߣԼֱ֮Ϥ
ʹǿԪܶԿȴû˿Чá
ǱתһȦԱſз˵ƣȴѾһαһ̣ըѣͬ
ı飬¶һ˿Цһ˿ɻ󲻽ĿЦ
ԶԷΪۣǲ͵ϮĴ򷨣սҲʤԼˣڲû͵ϮֶΣ
ԼˣίʵԹȴĵĲ⣬գ
ֻϧźעΪκΪӦڵ˵ӻûըʱ򣬾Ѿ뿪ʧããѩ֮С

õ׷ҶЦĽããѩ֮УȴԽ׷ԽԶۿһ˸Ľ⻮ȴһţʹʧããѩ֮С
ۼú׷ᣬԷӰѾʧԾɲϷĳ׷ȥ
ͻȻԶһ
˼ʣ˾뷢صѾһξ룬һ춯ѾǺҶǸ߽ߣǳԵֻһѾȷⷢˣѾԼ


415 鱨ȫ
ǰնüͷһ壬תͷ󣺡ʲô£
ˣĮЩ֮κһ˵ȴƫƫ֮С
ֵէ죬ͻȻ޾ѩȻڶֱʣѩͬǵصĵޱͷĴ
ⷬñҸ⧲˵ʱһæҡ
ͬʱһȻ⣬Ǿ٣Ծ֮էǰ
Ϊ
ҶЦѩ֮³ѩʩһĽ⣬һٽնڣ
һֵЦȻ⻯һɨϯȫ֮ƣ
ҶЦϽİӦ٣ǺγɷѹҶЦĽ˫ƺȻӣҶЦÿ˶ƴһ֮࣬ԾƲɵ̬ǿȥһλߵ⣬۶ȥ
˼Ѫ
ҶЦղžȻԼ˽ŵ£ͻȻɱˣ
Ȼȥ̸ֱ
ϹʮλΧˣȴǱԼĽŵãȻ֪
ԷɱˣǿˣȫˣͻΧȥ
˻ûзӦȻٶȻ߳Զˡ
ǺεȵսǺεȵķ̣
ĺҶЦӲƴһУÿ˶Ѫӿ㲻ȣֿ̧Լ彣֮ʱ޲ʧɫ
Լһ⣬ǳһСȱڡ
ڣϸ˿ѵѺۡ
ѼƷȻôϵˣ
ڱҪײֻҪٳǿһԪ䡢Ӷ͵жѡ
ת֮ʣ뵹һ
ô£ҶЦΪս鱨ʾȫȻǳˮ׼üͷ壺ֹڳΣܹͬʱӲƴ⡭
鱨ȻǴģĺɫҶЦΪعҲ൱ģңΪˮ׼ȫ£
ȻҶЦΪˣϬзǼ֮⣬µֶֻķݣνΧʩչֻˣܹһս
ɫ˼㡣
𾳣ֻһˮ룬ʵǳոͻƲ֮ˣѾٲͬն䵱߱ΪԽһΪ֮ôʵսԶԶؽǰľں棬ֻҪ硢ʵΧضǷ
֮ƣȽʣµ־ۼһ𡣡˵ڿʼٷֿж˴ӣǷҶЦ˳ֺΧͺá˲ԽӵУƽ
ʣµ˶һĻҰܡ
ֻҪһ뵽˴ҪԵĿһҵĴɱ֣ԼֻòһΪԷʵҪԼʮϣڲ֮壬ǧսУ֮Ĳ࣬ǲһֻķݣ޽ҵأ
ڵľԤڻȻѾҪɱҶЦ⣬ҶЦҲ᳢ԾɱǣΪѾӵʵҧгݣڿʼߣһ·ϣȻս
ֻҪ뿪˱֮Ƭؽ磬ҶЦĵ֮ͳûˣȻصߣĺҲȫ޳ɡ
ֻǽּһʱ򣬴Ҽˡ
ΪϹʮ£ھֻʣʮˡ
ڸոʱΪݵһս֮УȻʧˡ
԰Ǿֻ䣬ô£
˼ߣƬ̼ͻصԭվĵط
д򶷺ۼѪм
ˣӦþ֮ǰУ߾
ҶЦʱѩ֮£ƴôܵɱˣ
ѵˣ
ⲻܣҶЦǹһǰһ㣬鱨д󣡡
ôͲдҶЦΪܳô©֪ҶЦз֣
ˣ
ȫ˳㡣
ûҲãǰΧ̫ȫԱ˳֮ҶЦа֣ǵʵԾԶʤһصߣ
ŵϣһˣѩϻһ̣һȥ
Ҷˡ
ԼƬѩ֮УʧҰ϶ϲҶЦĶ֣֪ҶЦǷϰ˴˵صļΧܹϺΪڻԼ˵ʵ̫ˣ
ҶЦڵ
˶Ͻֻһս֮䣬ȴѾ˶ߣ˫֮
ߣαôżأҶЦڷѩһ漴Ǻԥ̽ٳû֮Իҫ


416 ɱ
һΣҶЦܸɴӭͷ˹ȥη£̸뿪أ
⻰˵İɶˣ̸ɶ뿪
ֱһͬʱ֣ҶЦʱˣ
ʵʵӲƴ˻治ںǸϣַʽ֣ϾռţۺʵԶʤҶЦҶЦǲأս׺ɨһضصĸ֣ͬظ֣ʵǿ֮ϵǿߣսֻ¾Ҫˣ
޻٣ӰǶײķʽȻƴһ㣬ǧѩſն𣬱죬ȻѾƶ֮⣬֣ߺ
ϵʮȴɣ⼲ۡ
Ƕԣһѵľѻᣬǵս޲λй˼ɡ
ȻǼ۳ʮ֮ͻȻһӰȻããѩ֮Уβ׷
ҶЦ֮ԻὫߣҪӦᡣ
嫺ľӦƸЦ
ͬʱҶЦӦļѳ̶ȣҪκһ˸ϣ
⹫ĸ˴꿪ʼͺǰĥһҲƣĬɣȫҪκεǰȫͨȻȻսϵĲðŹ滮ܽսһּķ
ڡ
ҶЦѵ֪Լһ֮𲢶Էǵ𣿵Ȼ֪ģ֪Ҫôɣ޲ɼΪ˸ӦӪһѻзʮ˵Ļᣡ
Ӧ֪ҶЦԶԷ֣սΣĲֹ𣿵ȻҲ֪ģǰʮˣӰսֵȴǵǰĵһҪҶЦ֪ΪΪ֮ԼȻҪɾѻʮ˵սԣ
˵Ĭ֣Ӧɱ׺ˣҶЦղŵǿƳ֣ǰûģΪûҪһжڲУѾᣡ
սĿȷ˴֮ĸ֣Բκһ˻Żȥ
ӦۼԷָ֮ѳɣƮһˣȫ޷رһģʬ廯ΪͬʱӦĽֽǰһһնɱ
Ϣȡ˵ʲôźĻǺ֮ʣ˾춯صĲҽ߶˾
ˣҶЦȻһˣа֣ʵƲҶЦ֮£ȫ֮Σ
ϿΧҶЦǺѾҶЦ׵ѹ·磻ҶЦһһ֣ʹȫԾǳ쳣
һͻȻһۼҪȥԮ˶ˡ
ȥԮΣҶЦⶸȻǣͼԣǣˣκһоԮ֮
ҶЦ˼Ȼ·磬˶֪еĽ˭óȻӲƴϾԾʤգνðգΪҶЦռˡ
˿ҶЦȻǿΣʱһȫβס
Ԯ˸ǳ˽Ĺһʱ侹֮أôУȴһ취ûС
ȫ֣ɱҶЦֻҪɱҶЦһֵã
侲ͬʱ֮תȫķΧɱ⼸ʵʡ
үүˡǲȥˣʵչζҶЦ壬ҶЦҪˣӦܹһټʮˣܻҪһʱ䣬ȫԸҶЦȻ֣޾ռ֧֣ս⣬ʱ
ҶЦʲôˣϣһɲǼ仯˼ѩȫڵϼ⡣
է֣ǺĿԷ˶پۻңҶЦ˻ٺˣݳ˺Χսš
׷ͬʱطһĺٶȾȻɣȻҶЦƶٶȸһ
ȻҶЦ˹ڽ֮У˲תʯ׹һļ³ֱ߿գغѩ㣬šۡһ죬˾ʹʧ
֮ǿȴԲѩһʹٺõҲѰٵҶЦӰ
ۼҶЦݣ׷ʧȻ˼˴ˣæµ׷Լ飬ȴһİӰɭԽһնϣ
澸ҶһŭȣһȥղűӦնɱ֮ˣŵѣͬ㣬ۼֿѲβ֮ǰ侲
ӦһȻȫսһΣһˢĻӳֽԷ񱼵һ߻촷۱źѩ˲ʱڻһ㣬Ҳټ
˸ϻصʱ򣬾ֻˣ
ֻö̶̵ʱʮĸ£ѾӦв˰նɱʮһ
Ҷȫʬҷ


417 ȫû
ҴҲɫɷף⼸Ȼӹ˽٣ûˣ˶ˣҲǻ̫ʱġ
ҶЦˣֻҪٲͬսϼΣһǣƣһ֣ܹӴأ綼Ǳģ
ǰ߻лܹȥģҲֻ˶ѡ
ֻǵǰֻǻߣ
ڵľƣѾܷɱҶЦתҪҶЦ׷ɱĽˣ
˱˴˶һۣǿԷɫޱѿ
ҶЦбͳһսŷŭ𺳴ء
ȴǵõûκӦ
Ѱ˼Ҳ뵽˻ӦǶʮΧһֻóģΧ˲ɷҪˣ֪һЦǸһף
ʣ˵˵Уڵ֪ԼһҪԸҶЦʵˣ
һһŮ
֪ǸŮ˵ʵȻҶЦ֮£Ҳвصʵ
ȷ鱨ˣҪˡ
ղֻǶԸһҶЦѾ쳣ѣ˺ܽƺѹƣȡʤ޷ֹѳսţ񣬾ȻֶһҶЦ£ĳЩΪֲŮԸ֣
⡭ҪôŪ
ȫٳ룡ɫ̬ԣѾΪڴ˴ص鱨ʧִȥаջ񣬶һ۽òʧ
ΨһѡǷһȫˡ
λܹȻȥһҪڵһʱ˵סǶԸֶΣˡ̾˿
⣬˴ˣʼٵĺ󳷣
Ǿһ񣬵ҶЦȴչɱ
ҶЦԷΪ׵˿νɰѵõǣÿ˶вƷΪߵţҲǲ죻ԼǺܶࡣֱΪԼдְ
Լ;ӦͻƵڣȻʵȴ̸ֽ׶Σȫ淢ӣӦʵսѵô֣ûʲôΣԣһܽ˵似ȫĥһ£֮Ӧõʵս֮С
ôõĶߣôԣ
ǣҶЦ˿ʼĳ׷ɱ
ǵģ׷ɱ˸ˣ
һ·׷ɱȫ̳˾յ崣ȻݴԹҴԵģ
˸˴һʼĳ־緢һо֮УķǱӴܣٵ׷ɱɫ̻̣侭һʱ䡣
ţԣһʱĲǰ飬ΪļԱǳģǵݽģʼûֹϢģ
֮ĻԭûгҴ¾ȺҶЦӦնɱ
ڽȥ;׷ɱ֮Уֻ졭
ɥھӦ£Ϊʬ޴档Ȼ屻ҶЦһǰأ
׷ɱʮʱҶЦٻߺ죬ߺȻȻγһ쳾䣬ԷһС
ҶЦӦȫӰ죬ֱ̤롣һս֮ҶЦһģ֮һٹıķһغһУҶЦҲ׶ȹҲʣԼһϮ˾ֻϧƣ񵤵ҶЦ˵鷳㲻ϣ˼ŵҩ֮ѪԪ
ȷʵѪԪǸôܸϹϵǿ̫Էۣ
Ȼ󣬾ⳡ׷ɱжһµʱڱԭһɽ֮УӦҶЦɹĶµ֮һնɱ
ˣҶЦӦ˾Υ׷ɱϷ£󹦸ɣԲĻ
ȷ˵ʬ壬ҶЦһ
һθоԼΪ޴
𾳣۷壡
İЩ֮ٲϵǿߣѾʵҶЦĬĬ˵
أιӻۣ֮Ӻͷ۰ɣҶЦ¶һɭȻЦ
ֺֹʹͷۣۣ
ֱʹ
׳ôĿңŭ־׵Ѫ
ˣǹϵᶯһȻ춯أ
Щ˿νƣҲǹǿơ
Ϊ˶ԸҶЦҪɱҶЦ׶ðս
벻ˣȴҶЦһһնɱ
ְ
ڴ֮ǰ˭õĽ֣
ڽӵһ鴫Ѷ˵ҶЦټʱ쳣˷ܵģһҪɱֻҪɱҶЦǹʼΪ֮ˣһҪ


418 ޽
滹ţߡ߻ɽɱҶЦ֮һμ᲻ɴݣֻҪҶЦһھͳ»ֻ꣬Ҫܹȡɱ֮ǰЩʧƣ첻
ȻڽӵڶδѶʱ֪о޴֣ҶЦʵĳϵǿ˻سϧ˵ߴνӵѶʱ򣬴еĶʮλ֣Ѿþʣˡ
ˣҲѾ
Ȼ󡭡ȻҲûнӵѶ
ûѶϢζʲô
ʱûѶϢɲζǺϢ
ȻһŶѾҹ̶ȥܹü
ֻҪһ뵽ԼŬ꣬Žµİãֲ˶λǿߣȻѮ֮⸲𣬾ôҶЦɱ䣬һѪĳ嶯
ҶЦôǿôôǿôôǿ
վڴ۾ȫѪ˿̬֮УѾʧȥԭΨҶƣֻ޾ķŭ޾ɱһ˿ԼûвĿ־塭
޿κΣ
ӡ˿ǵĵĽһ
ûлشһӲת鷿
ȻƬ֮ȴһ죬鷿ա
ҶЦŭƺĲԹ

ҶЦĽսȻҲڵһʱ䴫˷Ƹ¥Ǳߡ
׹˵鱨֮а⾹Ȼžһϵˡ
ʲô׳Ȼվ¶𾪵ɫ氵ȫûҶЦɱ
޹ɽİ׹ʧ̬ˣʵϢ̫ˡ
İãǰ׳˼ɵһ
ҶЦŶΪôô̵ʱӵ˽ǿսôҵս
׹֮ǰҶЦֹ۵Ԥ⣬ҲҶЦֵƣѶȫԱ֮֮пܱס
ǣ֮˽Ϊһۣش
⣬ǰ׹ӽҶЦ͸¶ı⣡
һ˳ֹ۵ľ滹ǰ룬ҶЦԮ־𣬿Ƹ¥գϾþǲнǿߣ㾡ȫҲӦģ
ӵĿģҲﵽˣʧأǴο
ﵽˣǴﵽˡ׹̾Ϣֻϧ̫ˡԭ㣬ϵԽԽãðҶЦæأһ·սȥ񡭡
ʵ̫ˣҵĲԤڣ׳̾Ϣ
ȴû֪˵һս̫ˣ˵ҶЦĽ̫ˡ
֣ԼĹӵУδضһĨǡһ˿ɵ
ҶЦѾɳˡ
׹ӿָ嵭֮ǰԸȥ飬ȥɣ
ǣ

׳ߵǰԶƺģ૵ҶЦ׷ˣô׷ˣܺãĺܺã

ҶЦ겻ʱ쳾Ľٶȴ
ıʾ޽һҲѸ
Ȼͳ˧֮£ģбͼ¹ʵʹˮĻᣬзƸ¥ŹԷƸ¥алˮкء޿ײ룬һһĵݽʽ֮£ֻнڽں˵ķݶ
ȻҲû˵޽һɵơ
ռήңĪ˵ظɣֱӱ޽ǰ֮У޽£Ƹ¥߾ҶҾֵֹܻ֮а˲еģ
˭õ޷ĹȻˣû뵽ǣ˵ҪػǷƸ¥а˵Ǽй޽ʵҪľֻ½СòСС󣬾ȻܹµĹ֮ʧΪһս˹ս˥ܣԭ
ʹȫԱ֮ܲУ̤ȴҲûٸҵСԾɺС
ҶҾܹ淭Ƹ¥֮󣬸޽϶ֵܻᣬԼͬʵа֮ϣȴΪսͬ࣡
ʱ䣬Ƹ¥ҶҾڵһʱ俪ʼֲʳάϵĵ̣Ȼ࣬Ҷұʱ½ɳʮλ𾳸֣ҶҾҶҾۺʵͻȻǡ
ڷҳǧ漤սͷʢаˣа˴ܿ䡣
תս󣬹ܣһǧҶҾЮʤ֮ǿƶϷƸ¥Ƹ¥׹һϵóһǧｮ


419 һ·ع
ڰ׹ã˵硡֪ݱܷâǱƣ
ڵľƾҶѾ鲼޽
ڵ޽Ȼγ˫Ե΢档
Ƹ¥֮Ҷ
ֶݣ׹ӳòûΪ˫ȡٵĻʱ䣬ʤռʤҶҷЩԣоȺ۾ԲǣõΨҶҶ𣡾ȻһҷƸ¥鷳ֱӾû£
˫ȻһѰƣһʾȻ˫սŷƸ¥ǱǿԽԽ࣬γһֽҶѹ̧ͷ̬ơ
ҶҾĽδΪҶҷҲǿ֧ߣ߶ܲˡ
˶ʶһ㡣
ʵϣ׹֮ǰƸ¥Ŀ̷ݣϧóټ򣬹ҪҶҾ棬佫ŵһ൱ݵĵز˫һսԷҲ˵ͳͬǸ˷Ƹ¥һߴ˵ᡣ
ĶȴҲر߶֡
Ͼʵδ֪δֵĵ˲׽͸־ģһʵع⣬ʹʵǿսʤѭԷ룡
Ҷսڼʱȴ˿
Ͼ£ڽע۽ڴ˿̵޽
۷棬ֻܸ֣׷Ǳ޽עսµĺչ
߶һ֣ǿɲС顣
ϸ߸һǶ˫ּ۷ڣ
쳾죬ܹһսʤ߶ֻ߸ˡ
ۣңҶ
˵ȣ綫λ䣬ͥλȨصԪ˧ةȡͬǿߣҲǴ൱ˮƽ
ɫԱ߶Ҫһ
ͬʱ˸Ȼ߶浱֣ţ֮еĴ֮ҶҶеػ˼ˣ
Ǹʱ򣬲췭ظ
νġҶѪҲ죡
һѾԼĴ¼ʵ̫Ѹ֮ͣ˾ȫȻǰʱһֽ·ƣȴϢľ
ȻֻǺʧʼջڹע֯ĪʵĪδͬĪСС
ΪҶ֪ǰʱһսʧأѪ𡣾Բģ

ҶЦ;Ӧ뿪ռ䣬һ·Ǹһ㣬ڴϼӹŲһʱ䣬ѾϳһǧԶ˱֮ǻڡ
˶Ѿӵ˲ʵΪƶٶҲﵽµĸ߶ȣһ·̼ȵ֮ǰɽʮصĴ·̣ҲǶ಻˼飡
ҶЦпջߺʽˣֲͬʱפͬվ۴ֲľռٶȷԾҲҶЦʵһαǡ
ǰôֽսҶЦ޵ĥȹԼΪս󣬾ȻһͻơѾ˲أҲǲ𾳳׶壬ٽһǲнײΣţԣӵв۷ΪľӦٽһϵĲнǿߣ׿Ϊβ̸⹫ĸӵԽԽսսû취˭˵Ĺ̫̫ˣ̫̬ˣ̫ˣ֮ʵǿĺܡ
˴λسҶЦ˽ӥһߺռ֮ľռ䷢췭ظľޱ䣬ӥҲʱؽҪʱڣóȻϲʧ˴λԵ˵ҶЦʼ಻Ҳ֪ı仯߿շиڵ֮ڻ֪Ϣ಻ԶߣҲǵǰҶЦϣӦϽȻģǵǰ״̬ʵѾǿûߣ֮٣ƴ޽УǧΪϹϲ˺
ҶЦΨһĵطǾӦǿ
ԼɲУǿ
һ˶ԣƵҪ࣬Ǽռ֮ȱʵʵĲҶЦʼ׷ϾӦ˵ԼǿУûиݰ
ʵҶЦڻع飬Ҳⷽأ˵Ļǿģ
һ·Ѿʮ򡣻ǡҶЦ
ٹƬ̾Ҫپһˣû뵽ЦЦ˵ľģ߾Ѿǽӽˣһ·һʵ൱˶ûϣӦǰһΡĴǡ
ţɭ־͵ˡظһ飬ڵʵǿ൱ŵĵزǿɲֹǶǿߣ۷ǿߣռʾܹǸǿߣиʮʮλҲǰٰʮġѾǼˣ
ҶЦͬһ磬ϷӹȴӦǺǿϹҳǿ


420 ·ֵܻ
զ£֪ˣ֪ˡţѪζӦӦ죬Գ˳ȥ֪ΪʻΪĳ˵ੲݡ
ҶЦȻβȥ
Ѱζȥʶһǰȴǰм䣬Ŀǽ壬䡣
Ȼ﷢սɢĶ֫кԼ˵ʬ壬ѪأѪɺӡ
ǽսҶЦһۿȥһС
ȴΪΣӦǱ۵ĵ̣ǽӽмĽҰǰԶһǣΪβǱٷ
ûں½ӵǬٶͳߵľ˽̫٣ȣǱٸΪôʬ岻ᱩʬҰȫ֮١
ҶЦΡٷҲڻҪ£˵ʬ壬Ÿɫͬ·Ҫһ֤ɣǡʶһ·ʶֵܻУһȻʱûȷݽռϢҹЩ˺ܿҶ
һ㡭ս֮󣬴Ҵȥûʱ缺Աʬ壬Ѿ֤ˡ»߱ѾԤʡ
ҶЦĵ㹻˰ɣ
˵ֵܻ޽ĴʵʵڷƸ¥֮£ҶҾݴǷս֮Ĵ¼ȴֺڻڱչ𲢣Ǿ޽ǻ൱ľأӦ󲻽⡣
Ҷҷ棬ˣѵνġ֮ʱʽˣˣҲҶЦ૵
Ӧһ㶣ѵЩˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷҲˣֻʶöѣˡҶЦĿעһʬϣ̾ϢһΪҲˣԲҲ²ҶҵҪԭ֮һ
ߵһʬǰ棬ĬȻ˵ˡֵܻʮң񱪣׷ơֵܻҶҾѪ¾һﵱǧһ˶ҶҾˣεȵĿ£ƣԭһύ֮ģ⵱һٻڤİ·
Ӧ´׷Ƶʬ壬ҡͷ۴òҲǳΣ϶δ鲻ؽ˵֣£
ҶЦЦһʦ죬ȴǺ˴Ϊ֮ѣ鳤ΪѾǴ֮ˣ˵׷гΪݺټãˣȻ£Ҳδڸһ֮ҶҾǧҵ۽磬δܶϤʵʵΪֵܻλҵΪ൱ȴǴ
Ȼһȴֲ֮Уഫֵܻʮλ֮УλΪͣôλңҲвϵʵܹʮ֯Ȼͬ죬ص㹻ǣȻ׷ʵˣȴô᲻׵
ҶЦüͷĸ϶ɱҪɱ񱪣ƱҪ൱ֵۣܻʮң˽˲ֻ¾͵һ൱ɹ۵ǿսȴһ𡭡Ҷҡѵ߶֮һˣ
ҶЦ˼ȥֻһЩǿߣһЩǿ߲ܹǿʵɱ֮࣬ȫˡ
ϾҶЦͳˮΪݣԴ۶ʮֵֹۣڣɫ֮бȳˮʤһ֮˳֣δܹ
׷ƵΪ÷ɶݵġ˫ᡱã߻õġ
˭ѹƵ׷ߵĻᶼûУ
վ֮ˣΪɡҶЦڵץһӣ֮ʬ御˽ȥܵңһѨᡣ
˰׷ƵʬʱҶЦͻԥһ¡
˵źҽ֮ͻذɡҶЦ̾˿ֵܻ˵̾һ壬ʷ磬ôȻˣҲֵǼһ档
ҶЦľռ֮ľĴһڹײģ׷ƵʬȻŷŽ˴ָ֮ڡ
˸һ䣬ټ·ԭ˲ԶǴЪ̽һЩ鱨ֵ֪ܻʮĴҲ䣬ֻ֪Ѿȥһǰδеĸ߶ȣڻطܸܲɴƹǰ֮󣬼ǰС
Ȼֻٳȥǧ·̣ȴּǰԶзӿһɹǿɱƿռۣ
ҶЦȻһͬһֱ죬ӭ˹ȥ
ĿԶԶӰ׷糸һƵɱʵʡ


421 ʼį
ˣȫһ³ۣ׷һĲ³ۡ
ҶЦǰĿֵܻĵˣ¾ҶЦ
ȻֹͣҶЦǰһ˵Ҷ棬ֵܻ϶ˡ
һʵ֪Ҷ˼סˣΪ£Ҫ¾ԴȴҪ´죬鲻ã
ҶЦ̾һ֪λΪֻǣΪʱֵܲ
˵ʱһĿɱҶЦ
ҶЦҲ˵Խؿ׷ƵĹײķ˳
һ׷Ϥݣʬ壬ٶ˸Ĵһ۵ܣ
˹
ʣµ˽ҧͨ죬ȻתͷҶЦҶô£
ҶЦǰ̽һؾɴǱ;һƬ֮ʣսۼսʬԭأϸʶһȴ⿴оȻʮү壬Եһ棬ȴԾ񽻾ӣ̼䣬ҪʬҰ⽫ʬߣ׼Ѱֵֶܻưãûڴλ롭λ˶ǳԮʮүİɣ
۵ܣλȻֵܻ϶ɽ쭣̲סԼ۵ܵʬӹײﱧıڻʹʧ
ʼ˶ûлҶЦʲô
ҶЦûκɱ׷ƣҶЦɱ϶ûκɴ׷Ƶʬ彻ԼˣҪҶЦϣûаɱûаԼֵܵԹ
ֻΪͬҶЦܹһ㣬Ѿ御
ν񽻾ƲףԵһʵֵܻ¶øлҶЦⷬ£
лҶ壡ɽסᣬҶ֪˭Щ
ҶЦ治֪ȥʱսѽȴǲ¶λС
Ҷ۵֮ľλںδ˶һŭڵģ
ǰм䡣ҶЦ½ˣԹ˫߾һ˫ҾֻϵʮүȴϾϸ
һ⻰ӵļɴٴлҶ£ҵ˴˼飬ȥȷһҶ£ϣԺлܹ𡣡
˾ʹ˱ȭһ񣬼Ҵҵĸȥ
ҪˡҶЦ˵ıӰಡһת˲ʧȻ˵
ӦĬȻΣЦЦ֪ΪʲôҾһָоֵĵطһжҳ֣Բˬ
ҶЦȻǹˣ
ӦȴȻһЦһЦǣ޾ѻ
Ȼ˲֪ھӦһ֮٩֮ȴһߣʾҴʱʵԭ
һͥһ
һ壬һ쵼ߡ
һңһ䡣
һ£ҲҪһλǡ
ȻӢۣȻγҲΪӢ졣
ӢۣǴ֮߳ģһ㣬۷κεĲ涼õġ
߾ֻڣ֮У˭ճɹ˭ܾ£˭µǣ
ܿܣǣ
ȻˣߵģǾͶҵĴڣ񲻾ҵĸԴڡ
Ȼн
ӢۣӢͬĲǣ

ȥһ·ȻɽˮˮǧɽȻĪķսȴǸࡣʹҶЦӦľ飬ȴҲûκɾʹһɱ壬֮࡭
˽νӽ޽ҶЦཥȷһʵֻ˵Ȼһʵ
ڵ޽Ѿһǰ𱬵Ĵӻ⣡
׷ƵⳤҵҪɣ
ǰʮһֱ͵һֱֵܻ߰ᣬڲսˣ

һգҶЦ߲Ÿոս޽򣬾Ͳ㱻һսа˺Ҷҵսǽһѡ޹⡣
ҶЦѾΪСĵشսԵȻǱкö
̫ˣ𾳴·С״ΨһʱҪ֮֡Ȼս֮У䱻޹кǧȭȵȹ֮ҶЦĨһͷϵ亹
ЦЦ㽫Ӫһ޴սĵؽ֮ڣǷ̫ǷءӦƣ㲻ʧˣôǰǸʲôΣô£
ֻ˵ǰ״Ȼɱ䣬µĸ֣Ȼҡһ䣬һ׳ĴʱҶЦ˵ʱ֮Укüλʼį˴ڡ
Ӧ׹ӣ


422 ȥһ
ҵǴҶЦӦһڣʵ˵ߵģǾͷҵĴڣĪ˵׹Ӹһҵߣһĸԣӡ½緭Ƹ꣬ڻҪں쳾ͬ귭ƣ
ңڵ״֤ʵĳ˵ĳɹ𣿣֮ǰһһֱΪ׹¼λ漳ӪӪƸΪĳضĿģڿһֻҪ̫ƽܵԸ񣬷ǵø󶯾ſġҶЦ˷ۣڵκλڵ֧ݰ
Ϊʲôô϶һҾ֣ǳ԰׹ӵ֣Ӧ󲻽⣺ѵʲô֤ݲɣ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦǰ׹£ܹץס֤ݣôͲǰ׳ˡ
˶٣˵ҵֱ
񱪵ҶЦѹ¡λ׹Ѳ˹ϵ
ǣվ¼λ棬׳ǼһʹһʱóѣܹһֱЦȥκһ֮һֱЦȥ
ҾָѾ¶ߣʱǱ鼰µĴ󶯾
Σڻֻ޽׷ң۵ĵ̻ȵأֻɧҡҶЦһ޽ķǣ˸۵Ǿģϯ쳾ˣ
ΨеʱҪս
ҶЦžӦŵһЦ׹֮һֱȡսԼڱ˵λϣ֮ԸһأԵʻشڣҶƵġ֮ʱɲɵӦʱڵ¡ڤڤ֮УƺһߣǣǡЩˣ·ȥ
ʤΪ
ҶЦһЦͻȻӿƶٶȣһ㼲ӹգǻǰռȶĿ꣬Ȼص˵·ƣһӰɣֻҪǣǣҲãǶ桭

ֻϧҶЦĻعƣڰ;סˡ
ȥԭɽڵʱ򡭡
һӰԶٷ٣ȻҶ
ҶЦĿⶸȻһвһ
˺Ȼˡ
߶֮һ¼ڣơ
ǰ棬ȴδꡣҶЦ֪ڴҶˣкμ̣
Ŀ⸴ӣҶЦԾɵ˴ǰҶȥһˡ
ҶЦһҶĳҪҪһҶĳǰǱ߾ǣǰȫ̸ܳ
ɫεȻƵȻǰȫڣȴҲ̫ȫ̸ܳоǣһᣬȥȥݲҶѡ񡣡
δ䣬˷ͬʱǿƳ
߶
ҶЦɫʱúѿ
˼Ѿ뵽ˣҪԼ˭
ܹ֮Ա߶һǰǲϧԱǺΧһ˵ģ˴˵еǸˣʵڲڶ룡
ž巽֣Ҳû߶
ֻǣǸΪʲôҪԼ
ԴˣҶЦ벻ͨ߶ǺΧԼҪò죡
߶嶨ҶЦɫԵúܸӡ
ҶЦҧҧȻλôʢﻹ˵ʸȥλ˵еĴ֮ҶҶ쳾Ҷߡ
һЯ˾ӦȻ
߸˾һӵĺߡ
֮¸ôֱӳƺҶģòһҲû
λĸǵӴúܡ
ȥһ·ǰУҶЦֻо;ĿԽԽ¡һ˽ų̶Ǽ죬ʱһƬɽ֮ǰȻȴǰƬ챻˺ѣһռһ龰
һеĴţǰ
ɽˮ㣬ﻨ㣬˵ĺƽͬӳҶЦӦС
ֻϧҶЦڼ˾ӦǴѩ֮ٿһƬռ䣬˿Ϊ棻ƬռҲֻܴ±֮ҩɽҪѷɫֹһ
ǰռ䣬ȻȻط𡮲ˡĲо
ھӦǾ仰ûбȽϾû˺ӦڿƬռʱðͷǣ˽֮Լʦ϶ԶҲͱԼǿѵĸй٣
ĸεƲƲ죬԰׶롣
Ƭռƶ֮ϣһԸֶһ˫۾ƺ̺ǳȻת
ҶЦ߸սλ˻ǧԶȴѾܵһȻĿ⣬Խն٣´Լ
Ŀע֮£ҶЦʱֻԼ붼һͨ͸΢о


423 ֮Ҷ
ָоҶЦ˵ĲϡĸоλߣʵǿߣĿעĿҶЦִ̫ΣϰΪˣ
ҶЦ̧ͷͬƽĿ⣬ϱ˶ңңĿ⡣
һ̣߶˶һֺо
ңңԵˣӵͬĿ⡣
侲ƽǣţ
һһ£һһˡ
һģһȫ޲
ǵֻǿĿ⣬ȫֱ治һԸ߸ϵһԴԸոս
ǣôܣ
ȫԨԴݵλΪûκһͬˣôʶӦ˵ȫһĿ⣿
λɽ֮ϵҶ쳾ƺǶһ
ҶЦȻһ̻ңԶ˶˵Ҷ쳾˼ѾԼǰԼ棬˴಻ߡ
Ҷ쳾˫ı쳾ӣʼҶЦ
ҶЦԵĮĻ
֪ΪΣҶЦԼһֱĴԹÿÿĵ׸ЩȻ˿Ҷ쳾ʱȴԼֹˮˡ
ûŭûԹûбҲûϲ
ҶЦҶ쳾Ŀ⣬ûκֱһûκǣİˣ
˶һᣬҶ쳾תС
ҶЦĬȻϡ
ӦԾԭأңҶЦԶȥıӰȻоҶЦıӰƺǳĳһɪȻ̲סһʹԭ֮¾ǣʹ֮£
ӦǸҶЦ֮ˣǰҶЦβҲãӦȴЦĵǿ£˼ʣҶЦԸἰʹ²¶ʹֵƵҲãĵԾʹģ˻߲֪߻ᱻҶЦӦȴ֪ģ
Ϊ֮٣ƹŽҶ쳾һǰУһ建˵
ޣҵҶЦȻ˵
֮ľҲƽúܿ죬ӵĲסҶ쳾
ֻˣĴδȴֺƽҶЦ
Ҷ쳾Цˡ
ǰеķ;̲ݺ컨ԷطֿһСȴ߹֮±պϡ
ȫĴ㿪ʼһֱڣѾͻ˲죬ĽϷҲҪ硣Ҷ쳾΢΢˱գΪҶһ壬ʮеţ
ҶЦĮ˵ԼǻҶЦ֮ǰԴ֮Ҷͷҡ֮ôֻһԣҶһδؾֻô֮Ҷ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦһԣδһǲ
֮˵Ҷң֮ǰѾڡҲҶҵʼ棬һҶҷAˡ֮ҶҶҶЦҲҶ
ҶЦͬһʣֻĮȻš
֪۵һսûеܡҶ쳾ʵϣռϷ硣Ծѡ䣬Լ쳾ʮ֪꣬ΪΣ
ҶЦһֱһսΪԭܣܵÿϧȴְܵøȻͨռ鱨Ϣȴóʵδؾ˵Ľۡû䣬һ㣬ҺͲµˡʹռϷ磬Ҳ⡣
Ҷ쳾ȻŶɷ˵˵ɡ
һȻսķӦ̬ؿսѾ¶ûռϷı֡Ψжֵĵ֣Ψ䵽·磬ŻսԱӮԼӡҶЦǴӴǿߵıܷӦпó۶ϣ۵һսǴ˸ƽ֡
Ҷ쳾ͷ˵
ΣĴڣѾв۵ĵλܣʵԶԿһۣΪףۻ᲻˽֣ĴҲ˳Ͼͬһǿߣһܱȶһøá
Ҷ쳾ٴεͷ
ۺ㣬㵱ܹҶϼ尲Ȼ˳κ쳾ԭֻһһսӣȴǵ治ܣռ൱ơҶЦҪ㣬ȫʤԣʹǳҲҪһҪΪᣬȻ˭ָһأ
ߣ㡢ҶܹȻ˳ʮĸԭ֮ڡߣ߶ܹ۾ҳʮ꣬ʼҡ巽ʵ˸ҽפҳǣδԶ޹أ
ҶЦǣȻԼռϷ磬ʱȴΪεϰܣҲ벻ͨʵʲôܹв㣡Ҫ֪Ƚκ쳾ʮ꣬ʵȵϳɾ͵λѡ񲻵ҷʱѾǱ״ǡȫ޿ȡ
Ҷ쳾¶һĨת˲ŵĿοʵһս֮ǰҵûջ˳


424 Ҷ
˵һսֻҪһս֮£Ȼֱһͳ޽ɾ͵λ۵λΪǿ֮һߣ֮󣬽أбΪ׼ֻһ巽ۣʳ̣һͳǬΨҶĲҵ
Ȿҵʱѹ滮õļƻ̫ǻԸңҶ쳾Ȼ˵ݣȴԾ춯ء
ҶЦʵȻˣǵʱ۵ʱȴΪλͻȻ֣ϰ巽۵ʵʵȻȡʤһȴӦڵ𣿣
Ҷ쳾ĿⶨĿҶЦ֮󣬲Żǣ巽ȷʵóʵ൱ɹۣȴҵϰܹ򣡵գȷѾȫ̶Ϥʵ޹˼ɣ׼֮ܵһ̣ȴҡһͻȻͻˣ
ͻˣ
ҶЦԲ㶣ʲôɣ
ͻƲʲô£ͻƴǺ£ʤ֮⣬Ӧδ֮ܣôΪɣ˵ͨô
ţҸղŵ˵壬νͻƣרָҵһŹŹֻۣ֮˹мѣЧȴ죬һгɣԿǰϤ컯
Ҷ쳾쳾죬֪ҿر׼ȷۣⲻ֪ҵıΪֻۣ֮
ҶЦص˵ȥ
Ϊ칦ѡ£ûбߣϤˣһ൱츳һܹ۷壻ɵ飬Ҳһмʲôۡ
Ҷ쳾嵭߶Ϊ˽Ϊֵ֮֮ջֵ֮رⲻ֪ʱҿνǷѾ˼ž֮ģ֮ȫۼԼߣԭǴҵֻ֮п˷ǵʾѣˣ֮ʿֻҪŬУΪ۷ǿߣ߱·ƵǱ
߶ÿһ˶ӵ֮ţͳ˧֮ܡ
ֹǣ£Ҳ߱൱һ֮ҲǵӢܡ
Щ˲Ÿֻʤ巽ܴ֮һ巽֮ϵĴ۹ŰͰĳչһͳҲ£νĳξðԻͿҶ쳾Ŀ䡣
ΪҪߵĳɹҶЦ̲סѿʳ
κڴʱ򶼻дһʣȻһл뱸ˣȴΪ˳
ֻ֮۹м֮Һķڽ֮ɣӵ˿ǰϤ컯˵ҵĳɹ϶ԴٽһʱȴŬʹֹǰ޴ҵʱѳɣֻ֮۵ǰӵеЧѾ㹻ӦãҲûٿ׷߲ΣȻֻ֮ȴһսȡʤǸʱͻƣһ̣ҿδҲǡҶ쳾֮״Ҳ̶á
ҶЦȻһ
Ҳ̶ã
һλľޱȵĵǿߣ˵Ҳ̶ĸ֣ʵ״ָǲҵ̶ֳأ
һͳ£ҪʬɽѪ
һҿݹӯɽοһ֮·
Ҽƽ£ȻԤһһͳ£ȻҶڲȣȨɱ֣֮Ҷ첻㣬񣬵̲˵Ҽ֮Уһ
ܺģδȻԼ¾һЩĻ߻ҸԴ֮Ҳ𵽾ʾ֮ãԼ֪Լ£Ƕ϶ϺݲĳҿԶκ֣ȴΨ޷õѪԼļˡҸͲ߱
Ҷ쳾ĮУһ˿
ӺֹҶһ߶Ҳ߽֮⣬ҵ߶λֵܣҲڷܻǵģΪҶǸҲʵ⣡
Ҷ𣬻ҵֵĴۣҳܲ𣡡
֣ͻֻ֮֮۸ҵľʾһҵۣô֮·ﻢ֮ƣҲ޴ӱ⣬ԼǿͣҲͽȻ¶ǿʵң巽۵жд̣Ŭǰ£ƺ⣬ԷһֹǰѰ·ȻΧԴУ
Ҷ쳾Ȼǰбˣȴһ·ǾǡҶˣںĵ֮ţһͳ£ǸʱңȻҪѡʮꡣ


425 
쳾ʮȻ߶طҳǣΪסһһ֮֮Ҷ屾ȻԶ쳾ȴΪߴ֣ȫȥͨٲݻ巽۷ʮ֮Уϵطãһһĺ˳һһʼթ˥һһȨܿܣһһؽǵĳݻ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦȻе֮ܣȴǷȱ֮ţ֮ݣǺŬԳɾֻܼͣϣҶҺ֮ӵе֮š
ҶЦĬ
ҶҺһֱΪʮʼڱչѰͻƣʵ˻һսˣֻά֣Ѹԭʵȴ֪һֱעҶµı仯һֱԹۣܷʲôıʣҶ桢Թۡ
ڣǧǰҶҳž޵ĲҶ쳾һҶһҶ޲ҶĺҶ޲ȴһ֪ǷǼʹȻҶԽߺȣ߽С΢С£޵ҲУȴٳָһ
ؾ֮еҶң˵ĳ󣬲ϵ𽥷ֳɡҶ޲ĺײϣ෴Ҷȴ밮޳֮󣬽룬ʱҶ޲ǿһºͼܴ֮ԱѪеķʽҶ֮ȫʵ
ֻϧǿ߰·֮ϴӲҲշ˼ҵľսšһȴҲ㲻þսǵɱɣһգҶĶӳ֮գȫԱһãȴ뵽֮綾һҹ֮䣬¾¾ҶӸǵΨҶ֮ŶӽݣˣҶ޲ҶҵĴȨ
Ҷ쳾ֹڴˣҲͲһΪѪȨܿܵĻС˵˭뵽ڰ֮Ծɴ;еҶӣȻԵ֮ԵҶΪ۷塭
ҶЦƲƲ죬¸̲ѣɣͲǹѪǱ֮ǰĸѪ֮࣬ȴֲԼ׹֮ʱȵԵ裬̼ǵհ׹Լ֮ʣдԼԵ裬ԼԵӦȴ֪ǷͬһԴֻǹ˵ԵҶһΪֱ߱۷壬ߵǺпܾһ
Ҷʵ֮࣬һһҶ޲£ɱøɸɾҶ޲һ£ϾɱȮ󣬽Ҷ޲˵ϣ԰ƤǧеķʽΡң
Ȼڵñ֮Ҷûиеο⣬ӹ¼ſ飬·һжҪһоãȴǷԵĴۣԵȻԻòܣȻӦӦԶϣ̫֮ɵó֮ȴ֮ˣ
ҶʳԵʱж̣Ӧ״֮࣬˾߼֮ģԼһѪΪԵķʽȫԼ֮еĶӣתʱ֮ԼӴ½磻ԼĶӣּΧ֮гɳԸ½磬ԵԵá
ʱ˵ҶܻȥЦ֮ˡҶܻȥҲʹȻΪȡΪЦ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦ
ҶЦһ˫ֲ֪ʲôʱѾ߬ȭͷѣȴǳĬһԲ촽ѾҧѪ
ԭһڤڤԵԼĸӦżȻС֮ǰүӶʵѪ֤֮ԼҶѪǴУ
Ǹʱһ¡Ҷ쳾һֿ˺쳾Ŀ⣬ԽҶЦͷԶա
ҶЦĮ˵Ҷ黹࣬Բһĺãֻ㣬εΪۣ̾Ϊֹ
ԼﻥɱȴԹ۵ڣҶЦɲһų⡣
Ҷ쳾ҶЦķӦȴǲΪ裬εȴǵĸ
ҶЦʧ
Ҷ쳾ȷʵҶЦԤϣǷʣǳȻ
ǵģ˵úãҪɣҪˣɽɣʣǧɣҶҶ쳾һˣҪĥѣϸ΢֮𲽣һգ˲һ׳
Ҷһں쳾죬ڶΧ³ɳһȴɥʧ˵ͲλĻᡣûһҲͲȱʧܶ࡭
ȱԲȱźȱʧһȻǰ֮·ѵԲ
Ҷ쳾Щڵ㻹ˣһ죬׵ġ


426 
ҶЦһסĽԡ
Ȼĵ׺ЩųϼһеĻҶЦȴǲųġ
ԣҶɢתʱսͳȥʱҲûֹҶ쳾϶һ㱣ǶһرϰɣвƣеϦһ㱸֣Ƕһϣ
ҶЦüţ
Ҷ쳾һ㸸׵ĴоѪ䣻гһգһڷԽ걣Ȼ
ҶЦһҶΪ˵ˣ
ԼΧûҷɥȴھ޿ܵ״֮תһҶЦϡ
£ҶЦһֱ˼⡣
ΪԼԵʻ֮µõص޾ռ䣬񹦹ȴҲԽ飬Լɥǰӵ޾ռں󣬱Ѿ˵֮䲻ôڹϵ
˼ʣֱȴ֪һԴȻ
Ҳ˵ʩչʩչҪһý飬ǡѪԼ׶õֿУ飡Ҷ쳾˵
ҶЦһᡣ
Ҷ
ǾԼ׵
ҶЦĿԶƺһ꣬Ѫ۵ش֮߳бһ֮еӤɱޣ̤̤˵Ժӡ
һ󵶹⽣ӰѪɽ֮࣬ϤնɱʩԼ̣ñ𣡵ʲôãʹ֮УԼȴѾң޿
֮£ʩչ칦ԼѪϤתϣȻ׷氮޶ȥΨʱת֮ͨУ沨һ̤·
ϲԼĺ
ô˵ںѰں
ϧȴΪӡ岻ΪԵԵʣûʧȥģǻȥҲһ߸߶ʬѡ
ȻԼĺʹ˼£ĸ飬׷氮ڵ£ڵš
գԼĵʱת壬ߡ
ѪֿУһֱ˹
Ѫ飡
ҶЦ³һȴǸеѹԡ
Ҷ쳾ĿעԶ龡ɪ
ҶЦֻоһӿ̲סŭΪҶ棬ΪտԪ೤ȷбǮԣôżбƵƵͬҲٸ꣬ɱȫȻĲŲʣȴǺεҶĸΪ𣿡
Ҷ쳾Ȼҳ棬ֻΣ
ҶЦʱȻҶЦ½糾ƺպյĴҳȻԳ棬нֹȻȴֺܵĶҶЦǣԸĨɱ˵һʱ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦ뵽ˣʵˣǿԳ棬˳֣ȴֺܸ浽ġǻ˺ܾãһ˵ѾλûˣѾʮꡭ
ÿһСҶҪһ¡Ҷ쳾мڽ֮ɫ֪׳Ҷңһֱڡ˶ٴ
ҶЦȻ
һңֶʮܶһˣʮСȸ޼彫ʱ޷ſһܴһ˵ĻôڣҲһǧʮ˴ˣ
ҶЦ֪һ仰
Ҷ쳾ĵ飬ϣ
ҶЦ޻˵Կɴ
ҷ֮ţǷȱ֮ܣ޷巽һõʹüάһϵƽ⣬Ҷ桢ʱʱ桢¸ĻôҵľѾ³ɻˡȴֺܻڣ֮Ҷһֱûҵʵļ̳ˣһҶҿɻܴ𣿡
Ҷ쳾䵭˵ҶЦ֪ԹԹ޵ĶһĸףΪ㸸׶µĸ˽ʱյ㣡
ҶЦЦȻǷҪ˵Ϊ㵱յ֣жһεĻᣬҸöм㣿
Ҷ쳾ҡҡͷЦһϷĸȻδغܴȴЮԱ֮Ī˵㱾Ҷֻ㸸׵ķϣϷҲȻϷյֻ֪㸸׵յѡԵɣԼҶ֮ԨԴȴϡϷ֮Σ
ʮ䣬ϷԹ۹̫ҶѪȱŰһ飬Ȼҵ飬ű֤Ҷ񣬰ȫʮ꣡
ܽӹҵĵӡҶ쳾ƺһ˵Ϸֺϧѵǰʮ£ûô


427 Ѫ
ⷬθ֮ԣҶЦҲĬˡ
֮󣬵ҵĹԵȷʵǴңǾ仰ҵҶңҶңͬ
˵仰˵ĺܼɬԽ˵ԽԼĵӣҲӡ
ҶңҵҶңԶı䣬ʹǧɣҶԾɹҶ쳾˵벻ҲãҶңʼҶң
ȻڵĴ֮ҶȫֻҪ㻹ڣ֮ҶͻڣԵ˵㲻ϾͲˣҶ쳾Įȴƺһ˿ȵתҶЦס
ҶЦ˰ΣһʵףҲϣԾɼ֣ҵҶңֻҵҶңҶҶң
Ҷ쳾ЦЦû
Ҷ쳾ˬЦԶ߶澡ˣ̲ס˵ʲôҲ벻ףҶΪʲôʱЦôģѵ˫úܺã
Ҷ쳾پ˭Ҷ⣬תͷʵоڵҶΣ
ҶЦǿиƤ׳
Ҷ쳾ЦˣȻ۵֮ͣľأ
ҶЦһ£ҵľ۽ǣ࣬꣬ʶѾǿ൱زѣһˣѣһɳ죡
Ҷ쳾Цˣľʶȫ߱ˣȻ߱һ˵ʸ񣬵Σܹһ˵Ĵ𣿣
ҶЦ̧ͷĿⱬ䣬ѣʱն
Ҷ쳾ٷЦ
ЦֹЪɻΪУ
仰ʵúƽ˵һҳȻкȴǿƾ㤣ҶЦ˼ȴĿã֣ص˵ǱҪҲҶҶϣڵҶˣȴһ֡
Ҷ쳾Ȥ˵ǵˣʱηӦ
ҶЦһãȻ
ǰʱһηӦ
ҶЦ˵ȻҶЦԱ֤ȶҶ֣£ҶңҶЦҲܸ൱̡һҶҾγ൱ĹģôȴȻŹԼľ
ҵĸݵضڷҳǣһɽݶκԼĸһڲ໢ʹҲǻȴθðգ
ҶҾϯ޽ֹģѾγɣݵģҲͬγɣ
Ҷ쳾һֳ徣߶Ҳʽʮչء
ҶҾƣһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
дǰᣬҶҾײʵѾһ̲ݻĵزˣ
ҶЦش⣬Ҷ쳾ִЦ
ЦУһӣȻҶЦ߰ɡ
ȫοЦݣȥЦüΪģ֣壬ɱ֪ΣüޣѶϣҶЦԭҲһ֮Ű
ʮǰڸоԼǵ֮֮ʣȻȻ˳ʮꡣʮҶЦλ޿ľţҲǵ֮ţȻЦôһҲûиоŭʧ
ҶЦĸеԼ벻ˡ
Ҷ쳾Ѳ˵뿪
Ҷ쳾ҶЦಽֻÿһоԼпһ㡣
ڽ⿪Լ飬ȴɣԼ⵱ո׵ѡԼ
һʱ䣬ĵײǵź˲ʱ޴棬İȻ
һҶЦҶ쳾ɽһ·֮УȥҲӰ٣ڻ
ͬʱһ޷ϢҶЦȻҶЦ̲סХһǿ˲壬ľĵ
ҶЦֻоǽ죬ľĻȻһΪȻٶȱǡ
ҶЦӦڷѩףһʵȻͻƼ࣬Ѿ֮ǰ̻Ĵ֮ھ޿ٽһǣҶ쳾һϯҶЦ˵ĺȻһɨգľֳǰδеĿʻȻޱ޼ʣӿȣȻҶЦڵʱȴǿͣһƶķʽεݽҶЦоκһʹࡣ
һӤԼĸĸ˰ıڻС
һĪĴȰޱߵ飬һָԸһе˽
ҶЦĸףҶԵ
ͬʱҶЦΪһһ̨׵ϱ
Ʒ۷壬죬죬죬𾳰졭
ͻƣȻҶЦһ˲𾳰۷塣
ˣ׸ߣҶЦһΪ֮С
ƺʲôȻʧĵɢΪ֮УĿɢ١
ҶЦȦȻͨ졣
ףҶЦʡ
Ǹ׵Ϣ
ԼξͻƣǸ׵Լ
Ѫ飬Ե޻


428 ͬԴͬҶ
һУҶЦĸҶԵķʽעڶģܣûκûκʣֻ˽ķף
Ԫ
ҶЦΪӲ죬һԴ˲𾳰۷壡
ȻѾˣµĶȴֱӵķʽԶıԼĶӣ
ҶЦꡣ
Ҷ쳾ǰţΪθӦֲĲȴһоӶţֻУӹһ˿Ȼ
Ҷ֮¡Լûйô
ȫ޸棬
ĲģĶԼĮģԼôľϳڵӣ
Ҷ
㵱Ϊˡ
ҲǿĶӡ
ʵĽ㡭ķʽõرԼĶӣҵĶӣȴںη
Ҷ쳾һ߳ȥ档
ɺ쳾
֮ʱΪӦʱ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦһǰһ߳߶һӭȥ
˵ǰ黹ǺܺõģȻû˵ĶԻҶ쳾ȴЦģҶ쳾ȳǿߣдϲ󱯵ҲνϲŭɫϾΪԽߡԽߣľҲԽֹˮⱾǸ߱Ȼ֮·Ǹոյη͵߸ɣΨһ;Ҷ쳾ĺܿģĵɱѰ˼Ҳ뵽ȻҶЦԵʣ߶ԵΪҶ쳾ȻҶЦ̸úܺãѾĳЩЭ顣
Ҷĺ߶ΪּɵģλÿһҶЦ۸мѣҶЦΪҲ⼸λͣҶ쳾Ҷ֣߶Ĳұ֤Լ᲻Ͷע
λ߳һȴͻȻͣסӭȥĽŲĿɿڴضҶ쳾ҶЦ㶣
ղҶЦȥʱʾϢǲ졣
ȻҶЦͶۣӵΪòƲ÷ǳܿɹݣΪЩʻҶЦӵеǰΪһ
߾ֻá漣˵ǿպϰɣ
ڡҿʲôۻ軨
ҶЦıΪһֻô̶̵ʱ䣬ôֱӳ嵽˲𾳰أ
⡭
λʶʶ۾
۵Ĳš
֮ǰΪ˵ǡ漣ھֻǡ񼣡ˣ
ѵ˵ѵ˵ڴʵȻѾȥȳز
յʱ䣬ܹһ˴Ӳ죬һ·ֱ˲𾳰۷壿
漣ҲãҲգ֮ǰ漣ΪҲۣڵ񼣾ȴһڸղǵʱγɵģ߶ܵ뵽ңҲΨһܹ͵ͨɡ
ҶЦûٶ飬ֻòĸȻ󣬱žӦʩʩȻ߳Ŀռ䣬ʧӰ١

Ҷ쳾ҶЦıӰʧתΪһƬѩ
硣ɽңߵҶ쳾ߣҶǲҶҡ
Ҷ쳾Ŀ˸һ£ǣ
ɽңеʱһŻ𻨣Ϊ߶ڣ֪ܲԼңڶֵǼеĺӵܶʲô
Ҷƾһֻ޴Ǳɣ޴òҪҪģ
񣬵õҶ׿ڳϣҶЦҶ֮ˣɽңһֵĸо
ٲҪڱҶҶ˫Ҷ˫ҶעǱߵˣһ⾡ӭж⣡
ǣǴ֮ҶҶˡҶ쳾ƽȴĪǡҶЦģҶˣ
ɽң˲ʱĿɿڴû״˼ҶЦҶЦҶˣ⡭ʲô棿
ҶЦҶѪ㲻٣ѾԳһң봹֮ҶһˡҶ쳾Įӿ߿Դһȷ˵һʦдгʮͽܣһͽܳѽޣƳ³£һԴһɣԭ֮⡣ȻͬԴȴѷ֦־˼
ɽңü巢Ρ
ҶҸ飬ճȥҶ쳾ҶЦԼҲȥ顣
߲ǰᣬ²ᣬδҲᡣô£
ɫ֮һ˿ʧȻѾҶ쳾е⣬̾˿ΪתɸϣͬδһԹɿգ˵ϣԽʧԽ
ô磬Ҫô
ɽңʵ
ڼȻ¾һôȻҪ쳾磬֮ǰ˵֮ʱѵֻ˵ģҶ쳾ƽ˵֮ٷ֮Ҷ޽ҳǼϣ
һҪеģеģһеĹ򣡡
Ҷ쳾˵ţ¶һЦ⡣
޽ԲʮĵؽֻǴ֮Ҷһڣ
ǣ


429 ع
߶оⱬ䣬ͻȻ־
û˱Ǹ֪Ҷ쳾仰˼
ٷ֮Ҷ
£
ֻ֪ʮǰ֮Ҷ֣߶ͬʱҲİ֡
ǶԵġ
ǡ֮Ҷ£ľֻ߶ô
֮ҶʱҪһͥĳֻ߶߸£᲻̫Ϸһأ
Ҷ쳾ʮֵҲ֮ʧͬʵǣÿ˶ڲط棬ڵȴţȴҶ쳾һٻ
ȴν֮ʱ
ֻҶ쳾һ£Ȼɽ𺣣ǣ
Ҷ쳾ڵһԵģԾۣ
ееĹȫƣ
ָ˵ˣʮǰδս;սǽȴ꣬գڵõѶϢս£

ҶЦһ·ۣʼһĪܰЦݡ
Ӧ֣֮߳ҶЦϵЦݣȻһֱȫȻûʧ
ӦּģӦֿҶЦһʱ䣬޷ģǺջǺѣ棬ӦȴҶԣȴûмҸ絽ɶֹҶЦ
ô£
ȻǺ£ӦĵԾɴ󲻽⣬ΨһȷϵģһֱҶЦҶЦĵʼǲĳһָѾʧˣ
ڵҶЦǴﵽⶼɵģ
ֵģ
ģ
ֻҪҶЦܹҸ㣬Ӧ;ãѾ㹻αҪǿ֪ʲôԭ
Ҫ
һãŲҲ죬ΪҶЦɴ˾Ӧٻطչ⾰·̾Ժ󡪡
ǰѾɼ죡

֮еҶЦͻȻͣס˽Ų
ΪǰȻһפ
ƮǹУ֧飬γһ޴Ρ
ܴһˣֳ͡
ǶұҶЦһȡ
ұô
ҡԲƣ·ǡģ
ǹ
ҶЦĵˡ
ȻԼҲɶ˲𡭡ǣôҲûеԶö۵ݻĵزɣ
Щ˲ȥ׹ӣôԼ
ҲϺ߼
У֧װ磬ãУ⾫ĳ̶ȡ⣬Ƕ۱µĻʼҽ
ҵĸԹԣ
ҶЦֱ𾳰죬ʵǿû˵ѾȺܶǿ߻ҪǿҲ÷ָ˭ȣǰ֧ʼҽɣ׿ĳЩС͵Ϯ繥䲻硭һЩаʰҶЦǲ𾳰ص½۷ǿ߻ǲѵģ
ʼҽ˾ְػʳǡʹûжĳǿսУҲʵǸߵףֵսʵȴԼμӵļ㣬˵˵ã
ҶЦ漴뵽һܣһܿܵĿܣǰһ૵ѵСѾͷˣ
ߵľӦԵʱһⷺĵĸСѾͷѽѵѾͷ֮⣬㻹бСѾͷ
ҶЦ¶ܰ΢Цǣҹ¡
ŶԭӦ漴¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ҶЦһԼҹ£ӦʱûʲôоոշһЩЩִҲ˲ʱ޴档СѾͷаҶЦıšŵҶЦ⿪Ľᣬ˵СѾͷΪҶЦһС
˵ӦҹһַԷθĸм֮顣
СѾͷ⸱̣ǽø˰ҶЦͷǰ
ѵǳʲô飿
ҶЦֹ
ҶЦĲ²һûС
ҹݣӭӣҿڴˣ֪ҹ˭»ŪˣǺ֪ҹ˭ģȻԵһ棬ȴξˣ˵ϿɵĸλӦҪţҹ²ǵĸ
šҪξĹУξԣǳҶЦ֮׽ˣлξգǷݸ׶Ůһ飬ȻҲˣξ໰ΪɣҶЦС檣ҪҶЦܺúܺõģУҶЦһָΪδޣҶҵƵĸҹѾͷҲҪֵأҶҺгҪּһҪơ
ԣֻǳҹ£˻һʣδĵĸҹ£ӭ֮С
һɶȴǲһȥģֻкԼˣҹԼˣǣҹ¶Դ˵Ǳʾ⣬̶ܴϾ൱ڶʽԱԼᾡȫҶЦľȴδ޺һ氲Ӫկ
Ȼͷһܴɵ飬ʱǰϿѹѹһƬӪկ˵Ƿ˻𣬸漴ʼ


430 ٶ
бȻ᲻ɴݣʼ㣬ݳԾ㣬Ծֲʹʵ첻ηȭƾֿܹ˼𣿹󼸷Ŭ޵ֻ棬ԣԻľ֮Ӹƻ
ԲʵܹǸУԻľĻ𹥣δ⵽ǰδеķΧĶһðɣôģҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣûӵ𣬾ȻƤ·Ż𣬶˵ֱӳȫնɱɾ
֮ҹ¾ãϹȻڣԼĸڵİ˸ҶԼҵĻҵôУ
Ǻܸɴ˳µ渺أγ֮ǰڷߡ
ʱĳЩ۵İǵѪù
ֻҪСֱӱݿ࣬Чȡ
һ֮УҹȻҶЦôʵȴҲεģֻǸоѾԼڶʹҪ죬һ˪º˵СѾͷֲ˼񣬿ֵĲҪҪġ
仹һ֡ҵļңǵĸ΢оҹ¸о֮ÿһ˶ôпɰ
СѾͷȻĴ˲£ÿ˼Ц򡭡
Ӻƽ͵Ŀٶȹ
澯ĶȻһ²ۣòƾȻͦõ˵
ʹ⣬ŨԾԶʤѰأڶǺģҪǣеҹºܰȫȫĲܣȻҲôס
ٵ˶֪פŶ϶Ϊ˾ܾġ򡱣һ䣬˭ǵ
£ǾԼЦ
ö֮Ҳˣԭͺãֱӱſȸˡ
ֻǣΨе˲֪ʵս仯ǶôĿֲ
ңʱڱԽԽֲ
ÿһ죬ͻƽޡ硣
Ͼȫ֮ʮФȫλ֮ÿνһһǿԭһ൱ꣻڣһ죬൱ڱ꣡
һнȣֱȴ˵˵񻰻񻰣ǻС˵ǵĴô⣬ռأⲻѧ̫̫ɶˣ
֮µʵǾһ޴
ңڳӾ磬һԽԽֲķΧС
һܣзȨɾſڸĶһһǿҪɵˡ
ܹѡ֮еģֵ¿϶Ǻˢӵģ
Ҫܹ쳾֧֮һͷ
Щһƽ߰ˣ۸ڶĿһĿӡ
ЩԣǰӲ۷֣ҲδرǷС
ʱ䣬ǵĽȴ˴
һʼǼССĽɣֵĿ۵ġ
ู̣̾Լ²ôῴôһСɵ죬ֱ鰵ͶϾҹµдڶ߲ѾΪһ˵ȶ쳾һ˵ĳƸ棡
޽ôһ֮ʺҰ֮أܳʲôǵҹС㣡
ȻſվڵǸһҲгΪΪڶڲȴһץһѣΪ棬ǲΪ
֮ʱҲֻǿͷһǹƾǸ䳡棬û׼һʲôΪ֮ˣ
ʵҲֶджϣ͵ǰͨϢ֯ͣһͤϢ󾭹һ֮ʵ𣬾ֻһλǿλߣȻʥԪߣͷһǧˣͷ㲻ϣнĺڷɽģҪܶ࣬оҶЦһۣųޣشսǰ޵е״ں󣬾ͱ޽ǰеİˣ
ֻǣְվڵЩȴҲвΪżм޲εĸǰվ࣬Ҳͽ˶ѰˣԲ

ֻһ֮󡭡
˾òԾˡ
ףһòһμʱ򣬲ֻóƷɣôһοȥˣǲҿˣҿƷ۷ӽƷӣɻ˵
ܰɣҪۻһǴ˰ɣ˷ô̵ʱ䣬ͻôࣿΪɵ֮Աǡ
ڶ졭


431 ط
òǰҲòƷϵΪȫһܲҼǴ˰ɣ
˵֮ǰǸ˫ֵ̥ܡ
ţҲ
졣
ҼǵúһëϴγʱֻóƷڡҵô˾Ʒˣѵɵ
Ҳǵáô¶ǣǳɵҲ֪һôడҲѧ
⻰ô˵ġ϶ǼǴˣһʵϾһƷȣ̫˼˰ɣ
ǰǰŶ೤ʱ䣬Ҳʱôܽ˹϶ʵ
һʵѵȫ嶼ʵòƲ԰˵ͨ
ȷʵЩԾٹ۲켸ˣȻ¶ۣԼŻԼ
۲ʮˣڼɵۣ
ǵģ˼ҾԼƤӵ£ôˣһǼˣ
˼
ݶǵϸ۲죬ʱСģòҲһƷ룡
ЩٶȿģȻƷ룬Ʒ
ԵģǸģһγʱǳƷ۷壬ȵһγʱ򣬾ȻѾǲһڣ
⣬Ӧΰɣ
ʱƣֿʼµתһΣ֮ǰֵϤף˾ֵķ֡
һλ֮ǰĻгƷµģһλ֮˾Ȼ߰Ʒˣ
֮ⲢǾԱ֮ʵݬ룬ΪЩҲȫˣ
ѵˣÿһѵһľţ
⡭𣿣

ڶһ𺳣𾪵ĪԵĵڡ
ҶЦ;Ӧˡ
ǰ䱸ɭϵĽӪͥŲһ㻺ôš
ڵˡǵʱһֻ
֮ս˵һսܹų޽һĹ濪սջսʤ֮Ȼ룬£
Ȼĵȴǰ˵սǾñʮ֮ܡʱǰҽĵ治١
ϧ÷ʼձŲѰҲãҲգʲôͳͳĲӴߣֻȻȥ³
ȽѰߣҽߣȴǲΪҽߵ״̬ҼΪ֮ݣϧߵ˼ȣģȫκε֮ˣ
ôʱЩνǿöˡ
һ⣬òûκζĻӦ
ǰֺ⣿
ſֺˡ
ǰ⹫ĸɶǿͺܲǵӣûǾȻûܿ˾ʲôʵôֻҪһһԲϣû׼͵һͻ˵ջҪǳ־ȳʱǾͿ緢һ
Ŀ֮£ҶЦЯӦǰ
š֨ѽһ࣬պõĴͻȻ
жʿ彫ӵۿ֮⡣
ʲô
ճҹС㵽֮ʱһ֮⣬ôʱûд򿪹ôˣɵˣ㶺ˣȻԶԾĴˣ⡭
ţֹǴŶأôľԱĵſʲôѵӭˣ
һڶĿ֮£һһŮȻô硢ݲȵģһǱԱӵ߽Զӭؽá
ðΣһڶûعȫ±ƣԣ
ֱ֮ͻȻһ󻶺
ſնϿյƲҲ忪ˡ
һڶͻȻһ
ٴ˾ȷ˵ݡ
ҶЦ
λ˵е֮ˣ

ҶЦ߲Ÿո߽ãʱͿһ޵Ӱӳ
ǰ֮ˣ񻣬ԵЩݣѩ׵۾ڷƮƮͷϣһ֧ľʷˣ̵ķΡ
ҶЦ̵ֵġ
һϮɫӣĶɫ׺
ҶЦǵãԼҹ˵ϲŴ䡣
ԭԼԼϲãֻ˵ԼͬڵĵεΣ
ҹվſڣҶЦģĵĴ۾ˮӿĽʼ΢Ĳ
ÿҹλܻеӰʵĳԼǰ
ԾôӢԾôԼԡ
ЦЦҹ²ĽһҰеҶЦȻģҲƲסˮɴɴĵ


432 Ұ
¶ҶЦ΢ЦţԼȴ̲סں½һĻһĻÿһÿһΣʱСѾͷƴάԼ
纣顭
̼ٱ֮ʣǽᷢһơڴ䵴һ㡣
ءҹСѿۿҪ޳
Υ£ֻص˵꣬ص˸ĸϥǰӡ
һʱ־ȥ˷һĳǰһͷҶЦĻ
ٴθܵůĻоǾΥİȫУŵҶЦϤϢжȻһ֮࣬ȴ̲סЪ˹ķޣйЩѻ
ʼգҹоֻҶЦһˣھ͸ҶЦߵľӦȫȻ޶ãӶ
ţ治ӣǸû
ȫ飬ȫȫȫȫȫȫҶЦһ
ȴҲݲ
ҪӭǰȥҹµĴ˼ʷӦȴ̲ס̾һͣסŲĿ⿴ӦųһѤЦݣˡ
ӦĿ⸴ӵضŽҶЦ޵ҹ£ʰһĪԭˡ
ŮһЦǧﾡطһЦС
йǷоһ̣ɢĪ١
ھ˺쳾ñܹ֮һȴﻹʲô˼ԴףķҽΧ֮УܹԼİһ𣬱ѾĲͣ
࣬ǵ¤ϣͼǷ֮ˣ
ǾӦһ·ۿɱսǺɵɱսлģսģһս󣬳ߵʱ򣬷һ˾ȻӶԷôûˣֱӳȥ͸ɵĳ֮ꡭ
˵ĴֱƽȥƬ֮в޹޹¾ġ
׵һΣҶҾһս֮࣬;Уֵܻ֮ˡֻΪֵܻĳһ˿ǱĶ࿴һۡ
Ǳ߶ʱ˱ʣɶ
Ǳֵܻ֮ҲǳصģӲһ䣺զأ
Ȼ˫չ𲢣˫ܾˣء
⻹㣬ѶŻֵܻԮȻݱ˵Ĵģս
òƾΪ߸֡
ɶ
զأ
һսҶЦ;ӦԱԹֵۣܻ᷽˵ϼ仰ȴû뵽ûֵԼȥǱ߾Ѿһ췭ظ
ĸĿһ֮󣬾Ӧĸо쳾쵱̫յĵؽ硣ҪȵؽȥǼһ仰Ϲ˵
ĵطʱأҪΣʱ򣬻ܹţԼںۣ˴˶ƽҸ
Ӧ˼ʾе󳹴ĸо
ߣҹڼҶЦʱСģӦɵøͬܡ
գڷѩټҶЦһֳ̣ǵ˼֮ͻȻϣҾǰӿûܹȾӦᡣ
ǵԴףЩɡ
ãҹŴҶЦ̧ͷҶЦһ졣СѾͷһͨǿ޵Լȫʪ͸ˡ
Ǿ仰ô˵ģţŮ˾ˮ⻰һ㲻١
ҶЦ֮ˣǰͨ죬޵ױݶ˵СѾͷо㣬ֻЩˮعҲɣ
ǰһйĵҹ£˼е裬ռϷ磬ʱظе˲˼һԵľȣ޴ŵ΢о
ҶЦ̧СԴϾһռ˵ɬ鼱֮£һץסӦ֣Цˣ죬롭
ͨžӦߣó档
СѾͷڵȺҶЦʱΪǱǵͻ˲𾳸ǽأղӦʱһʱƲסó˼ҲǾӦû׼ܱˣ
ƫƫڳ˶ˣ屬ЦСѾͷڸԼȵķǱĲã֮Ч
ӦһʱʧЦжҹ¸һݺøУһŴŮ˵Ҽοĳˡ
ȵ˸ŽȥҹѾӰ٣ֻоӦһš
СѾͷأҶЦܲ졣
Ǿò˼ˡӦ̿סЦ˵ЦЦδޣһСѾͷüδɣ˼ǵҲµ֣Ϊˣ˵Ĵʤ
ҶЦһͷߣ㲻Ҫ˵ûֺ÷
㻹ǳҪֵģѵ㻹޲磿Ӧһۡ
ʱҹѾ»ױ߳˷ܵƮҶЦߣҪ˭֣ң㣡ڿˣһƽԷ
ۣ
Ӧ˪õһڲˮ˳


433 Ѫ
ȿȿȡ
ҹ¾ҶЦߣƹɣСвϵرĳһ⣬ҶЦҲЩͷöطϲ֮󣬿϶ҪСѾͷΥĹ龫ֵΡ
ʱ䣬ǻȥĸЩʱûλ˼ˡҶЦҹ˵Ļغ½ǺЩ뷨
ãѾͻ˲𾳣˺Ѵռ֮ѾյõӦ֣ʱԳģҹǰʱһ˵ˣһΪ
Ҫȥĸףٺ١֪Ǽң᲻һҹţһćNɪȴ˸
ȴǹ˻ѹе˼֮顣
ȽҶЦ˼֮࣬СѾͷԼĸ˼֮飬˿ضãֻλԣϰΧߣҪٺ½ȵײλ棬˺ѿռݻΣһҪϢƵԲڵĵزκһϢкֽ٣ûвϵΪǧҪԣ
ڷ˫˫ʵεȻǺ󻰣ǰҶЦĹȴ뻶ڡ
ҶЦǲҹ˼죬ȵСѾͷԼȥˣȻ´˼죬Ȼ;ӦڷҳĴι˲ʱ䣬˪˵˻õ
һȺȭ͹ȥ˲һµʱ䡣
ⲻһµʱ棬ҶҾǿƶȫλϯ޽޲
ǹڽڰˣȻа˳ֵܻѵҶ֮ǿƣΪ㣬ɢ뽭ٱų֣Ī⡢½޽ͷƸ¥׶شҶֱӣĴɥأȫԱ޽γҶһͳ޽ĸ֡
Ҷһͳ޽֮ϸ˵һж档
޽ƾʹ䣬ǴƱˣǡıζ
ҶҾҲΪ£һֹͣŵĲ

һľ㣬߶֮ڳˣ
һ֣˾δ߶ʽ̤ս
ĳ֣֮ķƸ¥˵һجΣ˫ԭֵľʱ߽⡣
Ƶĳ֣˵ľѹԵƣ
Ƹ¥˿ƵǿϮһ֮£ʮͬһǧɽӵһͬ촷ۣ
ƣƾ춯ء
Ƹ¥۵Ҵߣ֮㣬˶ء
⣬ֻ߶֮еһˣ
һ˶ѣ
ͬʱ߶߸ˣֽΣ
˭롢Ҳ顣
Ƹ¥󳷣ʱ󳷲ˣʶʱԲɿܵҪִӲǲ
ҶҾʤ׷֮ʱ
һϢഫ
巽޽̽ӣ£Ȼȫ𣬾ɱȮ
Ƕ£սȱԼʮ𾳻ͬʱڷʬ屻ɽ״
սȱǶ֮ʱϳӣֱͥ
ȱԽС΢Ƕ췽渺鱨ϵͳҪ˴޽鱨ϵͳΪ޽仯ˣǰƿȫ֣ȴû뵽Ųһʱ䣬ͱɱ
ȱɱ޽̽ǰǰӪѾһ߰ߣȻȫ𣬵ţ
ͷﵽˣ
ǺεȴĿģ
˶ͥ޽ߵƿȫޣ
ȱǸ涫ҵϳӣΪǼߣһΪ鲻죬Ƶ˸֣ʮ˻ҲߣȻֻò𾳳Ϊֺ֮ʮԶԲ𾳸߽״ĪвսȴϢɱ
ô޽ܹһģ˭
⣬ÿǣһͷҲ˲˵𰸣߶
߶֣ҶԳ֣˵Ⱦ˽˵ս
۴޽ҲҶҾȫƿ޽ģΪҶҪ
һƺ˳£룡

ңɲǶͥشͥͥϷͥͥ
޽һ⣬ͳͳ
Ϸͥǧ˱ȫߣ鱨֯ԣϷͥȫֵ鱨֯Ӯү
ͥ˱ɱ
Ϥ
壬ȫ屻¾һҴ棬޹޽壬ҲڣαʣֿƴĿģ֮ķҪ࣬ʮ


434 ˭ڼ޻
ֻö̶̵һʱһǸ߽ߣʧȥԼ
ģѪɱ¾ֱǺţ
ǰδ
ʬ壬λȨߣǾʬҰȴ֪Ϊ˾ʾв
˵޼ɵɥĲ˼㣡

ֱʣ˭ɵģ
Զ
ڵ޽˭
Ȼģ
Ҷ߶
ҪȫֻҪ˾Ϳֱʣ
һ˳ֻһƺƣʮһǧɽӾ촷۵ȻƣǰҪڶ
Ϣˣжǲð֡
ҶѪҲ죡
ԭ˼
ʵȻǰ޽ΧڵѾԭ޽ɣǱϤ޽
ȫԱ˷죻а˹ӲдǱ죬Ƹ¥ش׶԰ܾ֮Ƴ룬ڣƸ¥Ѿȫ̴޽֮⡣
ֵܻᣬֱӻΪ㣬ʧڽϣû˰Ϣ
ڵ޽ټĽ򣬾ֻһֻһ
Ҷң
޽
ڴ˻֮ϣһҶҽҪʲôأ
ǻô
ҶѪҲ죡Ŀһ֮ʱǽ֮
Ҷʮǰ֮ǰ׼Ҫʲô
ư°
ҶʮֳֽҪʲô
Ǽư£
ԴΪ۵Ļ飬òƻӦġ
ֻǣ巽أǷҶһĶʵսأ

ǣһ翴ô˳£Ȼ𣿣
ǣֻҶҾ߲߶Ÿƶ˵һ䣬£ǳ߶ֱʣӲҶԳ֣
һͲģҶƶ˿һƬࡣ
һıҶҾ죬ҶҾһӴ޽аɵĵˣΪ˺쳾ĵˣ
½ԵУ
˭֪鲻Ǹɵġ£òҲûʵءһ߹үӺһλ֮Уʽսֵģֻһ˶ѣ˻Ҷû˼䣬˴ǷƸ¥ʵ󳬳㣬涼óȻս뷭Ƹ¥֮սǴȫʤʵˣǲòŤתս̸֣ʲôӮһǶ֪ǣصѾ˺ôڣǹ˵Ǹɵģ˻𣿱˵巽ط棬ߵĵô
ڳ˵ɫˢˢѿ֮
ǰ˵ɵģ𣿹ƾɱ˱˵ͷҲŵģ
ڣҶҾڲʢȡսģ滹˭ͨиֱƣȫҶˣҶĳڿǺܴ˵Ҷһ֮Ψһһΰܼǰܸۣ
ҥ˵бۣ˵硣޴ӣ
ǿҶĺûΪʲôҪѵɶ𣿣
үӲΡΡվίʵֵúܡϷһֱ￴鷢Ϸ򶼻ãģ
Ҷƶˮ飬߼޻˴αʣҶƵ˼֮ϣ½ԵУΣ֮ն񣬼ֱɥĲ˷ָ
ֻϧУҶһ߼ҲѪȣɥĲ֮޻֮˵ӹɣ֮˭֪ڵȴڣ޽һƬ˭ܹı¼޻
үƵ˵һεļ޻ģۣͬҪǿʵʵصļҲСҲλϵĲ𾳾ǿߣ㾳ǿߣܹһμ޻
ôڵ޽ʲôܹӵĳأ
仰ʳٶһʱ
޽ؽ磬ҶҾûӵôĳˣ
巽ظƣҪݣҲ£ǡҲ˵巽αֶʵʵ˿٣ң巽صͬҪ˽ǣӰ˶ͥ᲻еţɱأ
۶ϵ˵ȥȲ˵ҶҾ֮˲ţҶҾڶеͲ㶼š
Ʋ巽ͥĻֻӵǿսǰ֮Ĺʵʵʼû׵ֵܻᣬʼոĪⷭƸ¥ܾ߱ĸ߶ս


435 ͱ
Ҷƶ˼ã֮ͻȻĿһǡȻǽɴµķ򲻾ٲ𾳾ظ֣Եαʵĸ߶սδĻôһпܡһμ޻
үһʵ˭
󣡡Ҷƶ⼸Уһֱ躹ޣϢʵսһֱδ֡˵ڵյ֮սУأ߲ʧȴ΢΢ҾԱ֮ʵ٣Զʤκʹûв𾳾ظ֣Դʵǿĸ߽֣߳δز֮ͬЧ
һ㣬һμ޻֮٣ν޽Χ꣬ʧأǶһʵԳΨоĺδ⣡
Ҷƶ˵ҿϸһ룬˵Ȼţй̧پʵ֮ӣΪ˴¼ΨһĵߣίʵĪǲܺӣ
λүͬʱ̾˿
ҶӷȷʵǴе¼кδҲʵүüǣҲ˵ǷǿսֻҶһ䣬Ҷ˵ģ˴¼֮оΨһĵߡνľռʲôط
Ҷƶ˵ʵڴ˴¼˿û𣬸⡣񲻾ռĪıˣ
ԭҶӵ˼Կռ˱ˡүЦһԿռһ˵ھµҲ˵ͨϧ˼ȴǼõ
Ҷƶɫһ䣬֮ǰ٩٩̸ʱһͣһٵָ㣡
үӺȻҶѵ֪ɷǽղſʼģǰ֮ս״̬ɾͿʼˣң˭þԿ˵þأһ˿һҲã
Ҷƶɫѿ
ǵģ˭þԿ
˼˫ϣ߶ҲԱ
ôֻҪ˼Ҳ϶ûþԿһ˿һ
˼ұ״̬ѾټãԶ¼֮ǰԴΪ۾ݣ˼ɣȴ֮λ޴ˣ
һļλҶҳϣҲǷ׷׵˵ͷ
⣬˵˵ľսү˵˵ЩˣûҲ֪ȻҲͲҶԣǡǰһսϹʮˣվֻʣǧˡһսĽ֪ģһĿõġ
ȻڲΧѣ˵ܹһȺʥԪ೤׵ʱΪλ㾳ǿߵĳ̶ȣҷû˵ȻˣҶӸղ˵ҲǴֶ߽ΪȻαװλ㾳ǿΪǾ͵˵ǣЩµĴ߽ǰôҲ൱ʵɣ㲻ǲ۷ΪҲвнסΪɣǼϼһ֤ûУߣûж٣ȻеĻ۰װ׵ؿʮȥ
үĿЩʧʹĵĿҶƶˣ˵ҶϾȹҺʹҵ
Ҷ˲²⣬ʵ̫˺ˡүļһ䣺ǶϿ˹Ӳ²⣬ҶǲǾҪˣ޷ҲᴫѶλҶǳԸ书һۣ
Ҷƶ˷Լͱ˸ѡ
꣬ԼڿҿңͼΣŻѪҵҵǽҶҵչϣȻشΣԼȷӦ֮£оյĹˡ
ڳأ½ǰԼѾվ˽Ÿ
У߶λмӣʱ̱źӦе𾴣һҲҶҹӵǡ
ӪӪľӪ֮£˴˵ķΧദԽԽǢ̸Ҳ˼ɡ
˿ֻ̽Եһ䣬ԼĳΪ˴˴¼Ŀδ̫˽ģλеĺüԣ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôԼ¿ķݣСԾɱȲǸҶЦأ
ʱ䣬Լ߾ĶԴǿҲ˰ɣ
ֻҪһմϾҶЦλүӶԼ񡢿ơеһУͳͳˡ
һֱͻҪԼƤһ
ʲô
ҲҶô
Ҷƶ
߸ϲģҪʲô
˵ҿԣǷԭ˵оݣһʲôûᵽһľֱӱˣҪҪôˣô͸壬ɥĲ˷ָϹϵˣ


436 һ
λүϢҲǸ˼Ҷƶ˴΢ЦҶľ֮ضô˵ֻǾ¶ѣϾֽ׶˵Ψһûκζ֯ȷʵֻþʵɣ
үӷۣղ˵ûʧǵʲôûܿشɣжĻʮˣ֮
ǺǺǡҶƶһЦ漴Ըø̬˵֮£ίʵͬСɣνҶҾǰδеΣͷƶڴ˵ʵ
үȻ˭֪ǰƲʲô˵˵ѵ˭ܲ˵ʵ
Ҷƶһ䣬ãҸǰǵʲôģ뼸λүӰһֱҶһ·ǳ⣬ϣϿԸһʹĻػ
ʲôʹ˵ǣүӵȻȴתΪһֺܾ衢ƷһҶƶˡ
Ҷƶµʱҭһ£ȻЦԾɲ䣬쳣ֿϿҵʵǾҶȻһλӢ쳣⣬ºЩʵǡÿһᵽʱҶĳоԼȿȿȣλ˼УҶЦúԶѵǸҶЦĲ࣬ôĴô
ԳмҶЦλү϶ǺÿһЩǶҶƶ˵⣬ȴо޷شˡôֱͳͳʳǺΪѵĺòá
ڲǲô󡭡
ǵǲԸش㣬Сӵĺô
֮䣬ʵǲνģ
Ͼһϣһڵ£ظŶԶô˭֪ûȽ󡢱Ƚתô
ΪĺøУǡǴҲˡҶƶ˼ԹҶЦôã
λү۹۱ǱǹģһʱҼȻûһġ
ίʵǲ֪ô˵źãʵʵǺ˵ģ
ȿȿȡ
ֹãүڵֲλֵܵĿ⿴ԼӲͷƤվ˳õƶ˹ӵĿáһڣǲɷϵ㡭
ҶҲһֱųɳġ
˵˫ǿ⡭ү˵˵ȥǸоôǡѵҪ˵ףҶЦǿˡҶЦʲôѾ֪֪ʲôûбȽû˺ӲҪȽϾǶ˺
ⲻŵ
ڰãǲ˭޻ǵǰĹؼôôᵽˣ
ɫһ˵˵Ͳص㣬֮Կ˵ΪǾһԲܵ飬ҶΪ֮Ӳ۵һȫܲɵϣǿ֮ϵչԣֻ˲ƣͽ޹ǰɣ
γѣһͷԼԼϴһеģʡô£
ǰѾԵһն֮ļ޻оӦԲҪϸϸȶҪȻٵģܾ쳾ĵж԰
˵үһֺɸֵ˿Ҷƶˣֵ˹ؼʱ̣ƶ˹ȴƫҪûûû鶵˵ƶ˹ӵǰҪģԼļǿʤǻ£ҲҪʱ
ͬʱͷʱ򣬿ΪͶܶ£˽֣ǱҴɡ
ҶƶЩһʹȥ
˭Ͷ˰
ҡ˽ô
߸ϼһĿ԰ҶЦǡ͡ܡԼͶܡô˵ԼʵһͨˣһͶܣ˽֣˱ҴɵǼ֮ˡ
ôһҶƶǳԼҶЦλеĶλˣ
ҶЦܣ
ͣߣ
Լǣͨˣӹ֮ˣСǼ֮ˣǱСˡ
ó֪ҶƶﺬһѪ
߸ƥ̫۸ˣ
ⲻ֪ʵλȴǣҶЦǴʹܵĻ˵ҶƶͨǶ̧ˣ̧̫ˣﹻʸʱȣ
ţ־۶ģ
òƣ񣬷·Ҳţôһ۸ͨ˵ģʵˣ˵ʵ˵滰𣿣
Ҷƶ˸ղŲ˵Ҫ˵ʵǲ˵ģ
ҶƶɫЩÿȫ޷̨ĿԱҶҳһλϸϽԲڵ֮ȷʵӦǰ߼޻ΪҪ⣬ɲС顣
˼Լ޻֮˵չ顣
ȥȴʼûаͷ
˭ɱôˣ˭ôֱʣ
ֵЩǴģ
˳ʵǿ֮⣬巽ͬʱȫ©鱨Ϣ׼ȷգҲεΪɹۣС

Խ˾ԽƵҪɱ
˿ûС
ӦԷûУȴ̸ȥƺ⣡
ڣۺ޽ĵǰƣ巽ôֶҶҾӦһ仰˿ʺҲʺˡ


437 
ҶЦصĳڣżλŮңɣνʵûԡ
һº󣬲¿ʼ־ѯ
һ֮£ŭ
֮ǰԺɫĳˣˣ
һȺ˵ǶôôҶЦôʱȻôһ㣿Ȼйÿ죡ǡǼֱǡ̫ʧˣ
𣡡
ڣ
뿪ǰʲôƷף
𾳣춥塣
أ
Ŀǰ鲻۷塭ĽȡʵѾܿˡ
ԼĽȣǺԺģԼܹʱһΪӲ𾳶һ·˲죬Ľȣƿޣأ
ƨôȻ󣬲㿴ңúõĿң뿪ʱôΪ
뿪ʱǳ۷塣
أ
¿͸
ϸ濴ϸ濴
ǳ±м󡭡ѵ죿ֻ죿
Ѿ𾳰ˣ
һڵء
ǳѣǵǰ̬ʵ̫ײУ̫죬̫˼飬̫˼̫ã̫ˣεһ£ʵ̫й˼ʵ
꣡

н



\ɷ䣡

ս



һһĿȻȥһھϲͷͷǼһ٣ùʺ磻ҶЦ棬һ߲㣬磬ǴѵԴ˳ΧһͷҲǸ죬ػϽҿᲱϵˣνڴۡ
ΪһµĲԼԼĽȷҶЦֱӦҹ˵
ǿλҵķˣҴˣһ죬ΪֹŲĹ⾰ھѾǲˡҶˣǵ۾ˣҶһŶʮͷݱȱҪ̣ȴѾǲ۷ˣʱͻơǡһ೤ʱˣһȻСŮ磬ȫȥˣҪϣҪƱ磬Ǻ˼˼𣿡
ǵ£ǻҪһ춼˯𣿡
ͳͳϽϽ
ȣȻһҪҪҴǳսȥ𣡣ʲô֪ذɣ
һһȫȥ
ٲϽ鶹ײ˶ϣͼɾɣôˣܱȳȥɱˣӵĶۣ
н˶ɢ
һĨϵĭӣһ¡
ȨذѾһŭѵĵز
һٹѵʵǼ֮찡
ȻǰȴǾ޻˵Զԡ
ʱûʵ˼Ҵ뿪ʱĳ۷壬һ·ֱ˲𾳰۷Ҳʵ
ʲôٶȣ
㲻Ҫһ㣬Ӳ˵˵ĺ֪أһεεСΪٶҲǾǰڵĺô
Լ˿ôʱ侹Ȼ˼ҡ
⡭⻹ʲô˵ģ
ȻĵҲ븹̣ǶɶɶǱȲˡ
Լȴ֪Լڵȣνһ
»ȥвʡƽ֮£ȻץԼСͷ죬һͷĳһ٣йһɶȻܹĵĲ
һıһ˲ã
Сͷͷһ亹ֱֱ˼
ͷ⡭ǸͲɵ񰡡
⡭ûô
нһ⣺ܣҸǣҲø֪ɶǻΪôذɣҪôͻƣҪô߻ħԼһĻ쵰ϽҪٸĥ߶ʲôʱ򲻼ЧھǰѵһİǵƤ

¾ɢֶǱΧǰ
ҶЦҲûôûԣ˿ǽʼΥĴʳĿģʽڷѩǻģȻߣʵȴǸߵףҩɽĶ֮ϣҩν㡭


438 ĬĬע
ȻĻҹ¡˪ĸ˵ΪȻǾ˵ʵŸӦԼ
Ϊĳ˵ΪѾʤ˾Ӧ̫̫࣬üǿŮ޵ȰϷżһѰӲϹ
ӦȻһĸУʱ̲סһӵĻ
֮ǰұΪߵʱ򣬿ûô۸㣬ûӲϹϷ밡
һ־ô޼ɵı䱾أֱɥĲ񡭡
ߣ
Ůһ֮£ɴչذꡣ
ҶЦʧȥһֻ֣Ѱơ
ҹСѾͷĳ˹ȻڻżֶţȴδԽ׳һϾλľ沢ġ
ȻɶɶϵҹµδɾͣҶЦǲа˵ģ
νܣÿεϷҹ£ĳܸоԼ޴йаԡҿԣ򡭡
ôһȥȻҶЦǰһ˳˳ܣҲڸоܲˡ
ĳ˵ɶԽԽֱ֣Ҫһ춼ڴ϶ȹƫƫһȫȻ޷ƣѲá
Ǻ
ĳ챻ĳ˼ѹ֮£ڱŭչء
һӣѾϰɶҶץϹˡҲҹ£Ψһǳû
ҹ£ҹ²ˡ
СѾͷԾЦЦñط꣬ÿһ춼ĳЦҶЦһɵѧؾصУϰǰʱȤСѾͷԴ˴Ϊ⡣ȻʼҶЦֶ
Ǻÿһεļ涼Ҷ಻ԡЩҶҲչȥˡ
νһɽһɽߣжĥòã
һоһʡӦ
ڡ
޽Ĵէ֣ҶЦ˼ڻع鵽֮ϡ
۰޽ȫϹϤɥ¼ҶЦԴһˣ
ԲҶģΪУѰ·
ҶЦ֪
ҶӵеȻܹһ㣬ܹζž͵ҶʼǸոոǰռݵĵ̻ûü׹̣õԶԶûдﵽôĵز
Ī˵巽Ⱥжԣֻǵκһ춼δʤ㣬ôͬԼأ
ʹɵҲô
ڵȴڣɵߣòƳҶ֮⣬Ҳûбˣ
Ҷ֮⣬дʵĻ巽أ巽ӳˣԼ¾ԼȻ޻Ҷң϶޴˿ܣ
ôô£
ҶЦѳζǣѰһѡȲ˵ŲţԼǺȷ
ǰ׹ǼƾˣǿܣֻԼ֣޻ҶңԼķһͬˮƾһƸ¥ôǿ
⡭𣿣
޽ণҶЦʹɣȴǲԸΣȿ˵
ҶЦѡ񰴱ͷĻɶҰ¡
Ȼ֪ҶҾ֮Ҷƶ˾Ȼɶ˾ԼһЦϣ
Ǻǣ᲻̫ĳˣȻȺսҲδزܰ£
Ӳ֪ڷҳ֮УڿԼ
еעõһһ
֮ǰһֱ
ΪҶڡ
Ȼ²ˣųδĺ쳾һҹˡ
жҲˡ
˳ȥˣ֪ʲôˡ
˻ˡ
ȻҶˣһΪ൱׵Ůˡ

˼ڷҳһΪ֮ͨС
סˡ
һϷ򸾣һŮӣ֪ǵŮŮ
ֻǣȻԿó֮ϵʵ֡
ǶϷ򸾣һԶ׼ķʽŮֽߣһ֡𾴡
ǸŮһɵӦӡ
ΪŮϥΪıĹ
Ĺһγ㲻ĵ״֮£ֱӳλлݡ
ĹǸʲôأ
ô˵ɣ֮۾൱߶֮Ҷ¾ˮ׼
˵Ļݣ۲ŷŮС
ҳѾһʱˡ
Ĺһֱû˵ȥλúеĿĶΪеľҽҶЦҳǵһУ빫Ŀ
ֻǣڵȵҶˣλΪ»ȥðݷã⹫ȴ㶼ûҪȥðݷõ˼ÿԾֻǴϢȻ󾲾Ⱥ
Ծɲ˵ȥĻ
ƺֻЩϢѾ㹻һˡ
ѵж󣬹Ҫȵ˷ҶЦˣǡ˭أ벻


439 붯
Ȼֹ£ͻ䣬ҸاĶӵز
ʱûȥˡĹ˵
λһ£ʹð桭ʵ̫ǻһʱɡ
粻˵ȥ˵ȥ
ʱȥǿʱûСĿ
ȻߣȴҲԲ߶֮С䱳Ҷ
ʱ򣬾Ǹ󹩷һıӵҲԲóȻűĹ̤Ϲ̣
Ǻпܾһ·
ڵ̬ڱҶǱ߶ǷˣԼ˳ȥҲֻǶһֵĶѡ
˵裬ĹÿɷٶȾסȥһһĸо
ÿעãע󡭡
ִ˲ƣ

ҶҷңԴҾ֣޴¿ڡ۵ͥǱߣͬҲһŵķҡ
ʵ巽صĸ߲Ҳ֪ҶҾ淢ˣҲԲʱ飬ûֿܣжȻΣ
ҪǾʹ˶ֻۣ·˵ƣ
ΨϵҶ쳾߶ҵĵ˵ΪµαԣҲΪҶңҶ쳾ûô
Ǹɳ֣һ·Ǵ£ǰ޽ѯһ£⵽ô£
巽۶Ҷ쳾Լ߶˽⣬λеģ
ңһɳʹûһǵ֮һǲ۷Ϊʹ֮ͥУҲһľ֡
д󽫾˧֮ľΡ
Щ˸ԴĸǧȣƵǰԿɱһʧ
Ȼʵٴ֤ʵûʲôԣǴһģ
ǰʵֳ˸ӷ˼ı仯
Щ˲Ǵĸڼ̤޽ʱ򡭡
һϤ⣬ȫɱ޽ؽ֮⣡
ܸʹͬһ˶ˣ֮һȫ
ҶҲڷ֮ǰ飬Ǹɵģȫ˵֣λ۱±侲
Ҷҷʱ̫΢ȻѪոձĵڣ
ͥͬʱŭ
ҶҾһ֮ҶһҶ浱ɵӲɣ
ǽˣ͸һ侲ƣ
侲ôƨȴһ˵
Ǻ
쳾գһӱˣÿǰң
ؾһֽŵķΧʲôо
ھָо
ͥټʦ
ʦ
ʦ
ʦ
ʦ֮ʣȻԼıŮòƾ޽żɴһ
쳾죬һտʼǰδеĻ״֮У
ʱΪѪɫ
ΪһֱսҲûиʱ֣˭
һϯ쳾йٷнÿһ˵ġսȴôȫ׵Ĵˣ
巽ܹ쳾ʮ¶ɽ󣬵ֻͷǳǶԣҶʮ֮سв
ҶǾ䡰֮ʱνͥĪļɵ֮۱ǽҶ쳾ΪΣյĶ֣Σռλ֮ϡ
λۿǱ˴֮ѾγһֲԵĬǱ˴లµĳȥҵȻǸϲȨ֮ˣͬһֿԳȥջ
ԣС顱ҶȲλۣ
͵ǰ̬ԣȻ巽޽鱨֯ʧأԱʧȴԸҶ쳾飬ֻ˵巽ۻĸҶ쳾ЩԱȫˣ޽ȫҶУҲʲô£ϾҶ쳾ıʵİء
Ҷҿϳŵʵֻ޽ͽ޽ȫ̻ҶҲ޷巽ѾһĬ
һɳѯʸɵļˣȫ巽۵ľĸǵĿĿԡ޻֮ˡ廹̽Ҷ쳾ĽһԸֹڴˣۡ޻֮ˡǷĴڣֻ˭ҲãʵǺҪ巽ѾԸ⽫޽ؽ绮֮ҶҶλΪҲ޲ɡ
ȻһеǰҶҪٵôߣչ磬е쳾
巽ԼòνСɳԼľĸǰ̽ѯνǱĳ⣬ǡԼЩϻƾȻһȫˣۣجĵʱҲо鴤һ¡


440 æ
֮ǰıʣں󲼾֣Դα۷ǿ߳ɵļ󣬵ڿǸԼһ˵ϻ䣬Щɶǻʵһһ۷ǿߣҶ쳾Գ֣ôɴ࣬⣡
ҶҾҪִνġ֮ʱˣתأ
ȻҪսҶ쳾ָôõɡ
ôսɣ
ǲɸ꣬ǲ븶Ҫʧڣ巽һѰƵģ
óҶǻû׼õʱ巽ɵ֮Ҷ
巽һֱӾǷ绢
ҶҾȻҲǽս˵ʲôûˣ巽鱨֯Ա¾̸֮еĸس䣬̬ƣѾܹġ
ڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳû뵽û͵ҶҾȻôִٵض巽أһ磡
ҶҾֻһ֯ľУ
ʱ۵ľ
Ҷƶﻹʲô˼ҶЦ鷳
ڵֱӽͷö൱ز
һ氲ֳʣһټи֣ҶҾѵ׼ӭӼĴս
ҶҾߵÿһ˶æüɹ
ֻʱδЩΪʱˡ

Ҫ˵λүӣҶҳĸҲһͬһĿҶƶˣ֮ǰȥü꣬ôʱ㶼û
ô˸ģ
һ˵㵽֪֪һγøɵʲô
֮ʱ֮ʱôộ㵽֪֪ԼҪԵĶֵ˭һأһصľӣɲǵܽռ̰
˶ô룬˸ɴֱʳ
λȽϳ嶯Ҷҵһλϸֻ֣±ȹүӵϼλҪϼ꣬Ƣȴǽ֮ԣ˼һǲĶҶƶˣֳ֪徵ĳ£㲻ڲſʼ֣㡭֪Ҷҡ֪Լ㡭ôǸԵģ
Ҷƶ˲ûˣ֮⣬ί
Һγ֪ҶֵռĿ꣬γǸģǷܵи̹Ȱɡ˭ôõչչô죿
Ҷƶ˸оԼԩҪҪģؽ»ûг׹أ֪ͱ˸ǿȵռսͺñȸտŵѧӣϾҪӦԵԣ״Ԫü츳ٸߣеҲ
֮ǰǶĿҲͳһ޽ȵվ˽ŸȻǽս°ⷲ¶һ̰һε飬չʵ̫ˣһԣֱӶ巽أǸЦһ㶼ЦЦ
λϸɫÿˣЦ㾹ǰһоЦô˵һζûеˣֻ˵ղ˵ĲЦΪ̫ͳһ޽ȻšһȻǴ쾫ɱ޵ʨȻս¡̴žž죬ѵû˵Щʱ̴
Ϊһɵ𣿣ͳһ޽ʲôΪܵȫ׼ٺ㿪սԹɵĻ𣿲Ҫ˵һ۱£ͨˣôû۵ģδȻôоԱʤգٺһսԼԭ̤ʲô㾡ĳ⣿
λԽ˵Խһŭ𣺡ҶƶˣΪԲУΪˣۺһԲ𣿡
Ϸ򲻹䣬Ȼоίˣ
Ѿڿ˲ŸǸéӣǺεȻ
Ƿ񻹸оûϵȫûΣ
λҶҳŭ壺ҶƶˣΪųƶ˹ӣƶ֮ΪʾԼƽӹ治֪ûӣ߳ùȻΪȫǴޣ
Ҷƶ˻ͷȫȻá
巽ڻʦ׶ΣߣȻѾڧ˶óǰƣΪҶҾ˵ҶƶѴ̣
һսȷʵͻأҸʵҶλ˵һͬûдѵ۾ͱſʼս
ܷչǸزĻǻʲô巽ۣͷ
巽Ȼˣ쳾£类ˣ
ԴҶƶʼ˱ҶıƵǶʱ֮⣬Ȩʱһκ̣ܲȻȴӲսδΪս׼ȷʵһ󲻿ԭµʧ
ϯĹүӿҶ˳һţүӵ˶һۣǿ˶ԷеȻ
ļֶΣȻҪҶЦȣ
ţ


441 ʮֵ
ң뵱գԼԹཻ֮֮ǻᣬ¾Ѿֳ»ƣģʽһС͢죬ȴѽҶЦĸԼ֣ʹֻǱɽһǣҲɼ΢֪
ٿ˼ʵҶƶˡµͷȴһƬæҡ
ûбȽϾû˺ǿȽϣ۾ֻǡ֮
ҶҾľӻδֻͣһȺں֮ڶѣ巽۵ĴȴѾԴɽѹ֮ƿΣҪȺϮ
ǰ;Σѩ
һƬۣһƬ˵ǰ;
еӵˣͲһս̫õ롣
ˣҪٳˣ׷Щеû޲үӺαս֪ں֮Ҳãѵ˼Ҵʱ򣬻ΪĿһȺں֮ڶ֣𣿡
һȣˡ
ǰʣʹ֪սǲѵ𣿣
ͳܹս
趨λθˡ
־ӱơ

Щ飬ɵȥֻ֡ϧһĩսٵϢȴǻ֮ȥ
巽ضгعҲ˵ʮꡣ
ȴ֪ܹǺϸıʿ֪ôվӲ

ë߰
巽شѹѳɶ֣ǾʾһǣǴ¶Բߣү˵һ仰ʱҶˡ
ԣʾڸô죡
ǶȻӦǰ֣

һصɽ֮С
жʮһá
ʮΧһȦÿǰڷһССӣڷžƲˡ
Ҿٱڡ
мλãҶҶ쳾Ҷ
˼Ҷüͷʱ壬һ֮£ȴǽɽȫΡ
Ǿۻ֮գκη£ǰ
λֵܣʮ겻񳯲ŵٻᣬҾǵӣν²ƣλֵֻܾǿ̸Ҷ쳾Ķţ͡
һЦΪزҪάճʵڲ£
Ҷ绹Ҳǵӣһɣ
ʮꡭҶ쳾ٱɻǵ쳾ƣ
Ψµζθг˻ΪҶʮԼǡǺǺǡ
һЦȴǲ֪˶ٲɣ
ʮ£Ѱ˵ǧֻأ
̼ǵʮ˸ֵײ硣Ҷ쳾һ٣˵ʱգվˣ
˿ǿõӣһꡣ
λֵܣʮپףĿɻڣҶԭתΪ侲
ȻΪҪʱգΪһθҶ磬ϯ£һ֤֮˵һֺ󺺣Լ½¶һŴ˵
ҪҶ磬һΣϯ£֤֮˵
ȡ
Ҷ쳾¶һ˿΢Цǵıս֮ж٣
߶֮Уɽң˵Щ֮гЧѵľӣÿҶʮˣǾ񣡡
ʮ򣡡Ҷ쳾ͷ߶ΪǾô;ԲһľӿԱȽϵġ
ϴаˣǲԿ価񡣲ʱǰߵ޷
ϴˡ
ϴ׼Ķ㣬жʮ򣬵սѷ˵Ŷսó
ϴо򡣡
ϴ󣬲֮ôѵˣֻһǧˣҸ˵һǧ˶Ǿ֮еľ񣬵ս֮ܣ˵쳾

ϴ󡭡ҡûѵ治СһɫԼԼΪжΣҵĴɱ֮κǿߣҶа޽£
˼תͷעĿ˵֮ˡ
˵ǵ쳾칫ϵĵһɱ֡
˾ƾ˶ɱ쳾죬޲Ϊ֮ľŷɥʹ巽ۣԴ˵ļɵҲǼأ˿ҵ
˵ĸɷǣ
Ѫӣ
λ쳾ϵĵһɱִ
Ѫӣ
֣š
һӤʦһƬս֮ķз֣ʱӤһƬѪ
ʦ֮ȡѪӣ
Ĳ֮ѪӽΪ˺쳾ÿһλֻ֮ȥʡ
ʹѪѾʮµĽʱգԾǣ
Ҷ쳾ҲĿעĳ˰ΣչЦ
ڳ˶䲻˼
ɱ֣ǰ££ΪڴˣһɱֶΪ̫׷󣬿ѪȴΪ㾳磬ڣ
ƾΪѪӵɱʵ
ϣûˣֵܹĴɱ
ֻۣҪҲҪĴɱ֮£
ĸ
ɱ֣


442 Է˭
ҸղŴԼһ¡ս֮ʦٶʮһӡҶ쳾巽ؾʮĳǿ׳Բԣÿһصĳֻ¶֮
˵ɫԾɣúȾƺȾƣóԲ˳Բˣ˿֮ɫ
Ͼǻôã˱˴֮֮⣬ҲûʲôֵǷˡ
Ҳ˵ǶٶʮһҪʮڴҶ쳾ƽҲǲһҪһǧ˵ӣ
Ҷ쳾ʵλֵܵжϣʤж٣
ʮ˺ôЦʤ㣿ƨʤ㣬ɣ

Ҷ쳾Цһԡ
һսǴ򲻿ɰǿ󺺴˵˶֪ʱ򲻿ѡսЩˣҲԲɱģǡ巽ȴţһУѹҪԴΪڣ۸ǣôԣộ
¾ԲУ̣
һȺ鼤ߵĿ
Ȼ϶ǸɵģǺðɣսЦǲ˵ˣٶˣȡǼڵаյģ
ȻأҶһھƣʵ
Ȼ󣬺ٺ٣Ƕ˴ûˣǻô󺺵Цͬڣϴڣжʮˣʮʵܲĸ֡
ʮ֣Ҫ뿪Ļû˿סɣ
ȻɷӵʱŵȵǶʮȫ˵ǻᡭ쳾졭¶ɫҸҶԣûκεطһƬ棡
Ȼѡ˵Ǿ͸ҵӦԣ㲻Ǻùô۱£ҲҪ챾ȭͷǵ磬ҿ˭ȭͷӲĸݣ
һľѡ
ôܹǶҺʥʷҲһءҶ쳾ЦЦ˵ܲܽ쳾һսԶʱȥ
ΪʲôأҶҲΪʤߣ߲ۣ
󺺵޵еģǰǣҲǣ
Ҷ쳾ЦЦŶʮ˫еĿ⣬ȴûлӦ޵֮˵
ֵܣ֮ǰƾҾֵʲôˣ鵽ôҶ쳾Źɽң
ɽңҡҡͷҼϸ飬ʼûзȷۼǣǼ˾һֵĸоǡ쵱ǰҾֵǼ֮ˣƺǵˡΪеϤ֡
ΪܹЩϼһеϤˣӦöˡ˲ǡһ˲ֹǼ֡
ɽңۺĿǰϢСܸоҾֱʣ´ټı򲻿С
ɽң˵ʱ˶
ûκ˳š
Ϊﶼ֪һὫ£˵װס
ȻϤˣ϶еķʸɣļˣҶ쳾ʹڳ˹ͬʡ
ֳֵĺۼǼݣ¿ȷж֣ܲƵӾѪƣ硭ɽңһ˵߸˵֣ɽǰɫ˾޲ɫ䡣
Ϊɽңе߸ˣһʮǰľˡ
ңǶǿߣ
ȣȻȴֻ˶ѡ
Щȴһͬص㣺ȫˣģ߰ǰѾͨ£ѶģҲǧǰ
֮ЩɶȫѶȷɵˣ
Ҷ쳾۾˵ӦöˣֻӦãζ͵ˡЩҵͬʱڵĹǣɱ˵ۿʬ壬ȷ䵱ˣ
ȷĽԣվǴԣվޣ˴ҾѾȻǰ
ɽңǣ̻塣
Ϊʥ⼸֮УѪƽ罻֡һս£˾֣֮࣬ȴܼٶߣʹ׷֮˵ǿС
ɴ˼ˣΪֻǼǿġ
֮ѾԶۣЩ˱ȻթġƵЩ˵ѷǵǰص㣬ڵصǣΪ˭Чһؼ⡣
֮һĳˡλѿڶ
ⲻǷϻô˭֪㡣ʮĸ˼巭ۣ̣֮ڿڡ
˵ڳȥۣң֮⣬һزŪ쳾ƣǿȺ𲢣ƶ·üͷԷ˭
⣬ʵȻ
һ
¼䣬ﻹһ


443 սս
Ҷ쳾ȴǻ΢ЦƵǸž֮ˣһʱѱ棬ҸһߣǾǸҺ˵ıΣ
ճʮȴ˶ɫǸǸһûһġ
ƶ·̾Ϣһˣ߿ԳΪһۣ֮ҲˣԳΪ֮˵žޣܹһҲûеġ
ôûУҾʶһҴʶĵһգͶĪ˵
˭šɽңһ仰ʳڣԼˣ̾˿ֻϧСһ϶ϲ뵱ǰҾ֡
Ҷ쳾ЦЦԣǰҾΣʵص㣬˵˴ٳ徣ҪľٻһֵܣҲ͵ɢɢľͺá˵սơûбҪôбҪ𣿣
Ҷ磿һ㵡
û뵽Ҷ쳾Ȼڴʱ˿ôһ䣬ͻʯ쾪
Ҷ쳾ȻһֵǷֱôʱ䣬úúõɣ֮£αǲٷһ·ƣѾһشˮ㹻ˣ
ûҶ˼칦˵
巽ؼȻҪսѹǿ϶ҪǸɵģսҶ쳾ĸҶ쳾˵ǡսҲսķʽҪĲƴս
žͺá
һֱϵ´ǻᣬǾͿԹˡ
Ҷ쳾΢΢һЦʱȻȻ˳ʰо֡
ˣ˭һ׷ʡ
˵˵Ҷ쳾ٺЦˣЦǽһϳϳıϼ޻
ʵʮǰҾһ֮ʣȻҪ𾪣ȻҪ߸졣ǡʮĽ죬ȴֻԸֵۺȾ졣
Ҷ쳾̻Ҫģһ۸û׼ҪǲһôУ浱Ҷ𡭡
ǺȺϺһЦУһսѸٵƶ˳
ҶҾڣȴһƬӷң޴֮С
˰
ʮɢŴ˼ҶҾ˲Լͬ̾˿
Ҷ쳾ƽעҶҾڣѪżӢ۱ɫԾɳԻƽ貣
ܿܣԹǣǡȻ̤·Ҫһпܵ׼
ǽ£
ҿЩˣȴ˭ܡ棡

ҶҾȻ׳ʣǰ£ȴʵ١
ҶҾʽͳһ޽ĽʱգҶµ֮ڡ
ҶҸ߲һ˵Ҳ¸Ѫڣʿǡ
ֻҪҶǾǿ֮֮
Ǻεȵջ
ڶ̶̼ڸԵ֮֯£սȻ͡
ⲻò˵ڵҶҾ֮Уս˲ʵ٣
ȽҶҾһƬȻȴǶ־ĻսҶЦǱߣȴա
Ҳȫ¼գԾãããĴÿڵ֣ȴѾ˾Ͷ޽֮С
ĸÿڸзֹãø鱨ѼּھѻɱĿ꣬˾׷١
ȻǰʱǳϹϵûʹ̵Ĵ㣬ڵǰĵһ鱨ȴյþ
ȴܹԵǰƣԵĲţ
ĴÿںϹһǧȥ޽˵һƬãã֮ȥ˼ˮʲôķ졣
ȻھȴȫȻĲͬ
ŽÿһĴÿڴѶϢڵǰһ޽Ҿֱ۵˽⣻ǷণľԱ
ԱȻҲ֮ᵽ˴սϢǰᣬٲҶЦߴ٣˶Ǵ˾ҲƵ
εսѾǿԤ޿ɱ⣬缶ĳսʱֻܳսִۣܳǿ֮ռսķΧ֮£ΪԹߡΧҲҪ൱ʵ˵פؾڷҳǣͬΪҶҾԭפأû㹻ʵû׼꼰㣬֮ˣ
׼սˣֻҪÿÿȡϷָ֮˾ͺãôһľۼսн𺳴أȥսϵ
һĸʲôΪִþͲҪ𣿡ıŭѵ⣺ǺƴͷһĵУ֪һδսζʲô𣡣ǹغ쳾ϴơδֵĴ¼΢ĩΪȥҲֻܵڻңץʱԼȻһй죿Ҹɴǵصĸˣʡõʱۣ
ոͻƵִóԱ߲ųأɲɵ˴ˡŴ˵仰һĵãȴֱӱñͷܡ


444 
һսٷ޽ؽ㾡һ֮䣡㣬㣡˵ڲŲƷΪ͵ԼǸˣҪ˵ƨ²ǿ϶Ĳ⣬Ҿһ䣬ܶƨˣҲܶƨ£ôĳϢˣҪ벻ƨ£͸ϽȥҪڲͻƲ𾳽磬Ǿƨˣ
һɷĴСС
ѵһıߡ
Ϊ֮ǰȻֻԪΪ޽֮Ҳ÷ˮζϾʱ޽ʥԪֱѾһۣ֮СûʥԪڸߵĳߣֱӱΪ֮ˣǿߣ
ʱգеĳԱĪ˵ԪʥԪˮ׼ûˣһˮĳ߽ϵĲΣҲ˵ǰĶ֮ˣ׵ĵʱǿߣ
ǣҲ֪զ¶òԴԼΪֱ֮ȴҲƺ֮ͻ䣡
ԪߣϲĴڣ
ȻʥԪߣϼڻң
ԭǶ֮ˣǵǿߣڲӵǿԱ֮ܣ
иߵĲ𾳣ԭ˵ѵһļ߾磬ƵƵ֣òƺܳ˵
ۺǣԪϣʥԪڻңǿԱ洦ɼ
Լ˵Ϊһ·һԪڵĳƷ˳ͬΣ֮ǰȥưңһֻ뷨ֿɵá
ǿǳƷ
ǰ޽ﶼԼһڼĴ
˿ʱ򶼵ùӡ
ʱ˿̣ظоλ統Ԫǻء
ʱףʱǨ׺ɣҲ̫˰ɣ
ǲףı仯ʵ̫ˣ
˭õѾ̫̫õĺ쳾磬ȻתۼҪϴأ
˽ܸı£Ӱ˽ܣ
쳾ķӿã겻µϹ׷׳ɽ
꣬ƹسɽٶɺ쳾
ϧֻ޽һȦ֮󣬾ͱ֪նɱ촦
ʷƾõΪפرҶҾռݣȾ쳾̫ϳʣҶҾ߲ۣȻ˫˵û䣬ʱһ״һ
ɽһǱټµŰоش䣬֮³鿴ֻϧһͻزȥˣ׽Ƥǣ˵ʮ֮Ϊͻơ
ϡŹֵ飬ǲϷ
Щнָ֪֮꣬ϼһǣһǱһܳȻɱ
Щ˵ݱΪʵۣԭһĽ϶õܴòǣڣһʻȴĭҲδһ䡣
ĳĳ֣ĳĳǿϢĽͣƤ̧һˡ
ˣ£Ǻ飿
ʱǲˡ֡ޣǻн
Ҳֻɫ߶ǸӳǿһŻȺ⣬𶯡
СɫûôйΪ֮ġ
ϾǰĽνĶΡ֮߶ΪˡСɫʱôָõǺεȵĿ£
ڵ޽Ӿ£
ǣߣʥԪ繷ʹ𾳣Ҳȴǵǰԣʡ
ĸÿڳȥʱȻѱС£ΪЩһʱ䲻ϵͻƣһֽԾ㲻޵֣Ϊ޵УҲӦǺ˰ɡ
Ȼųȥ죬ҹİȻͱټޡ
ֻΪʵ̫£һСľȻ˹
ʵȻǰǸԼСȥһСı
ǰȷ沿޽ֻв·̣
ǰ棬޽һǧ
ǰ棬Ѿ޽ؽ֮ǧﴦӪկ
ǰ棬޽ǧ
ۼһǧ޽оǧ
һһͬѩҷһ㣬оʣһ̱һ̸š
޽ɽ¥ѹַΧ
ÿ˶о
޽ȫʮｮǿС
ǵأܲ͸硣
һЩΪ粻ߣɢ֮󣬼ͻᱻϿݺصǿ˺÷顣
ɽַ⣬ҶҾΪ˴ӪĴڣ̶̰£ȻѾģм
ֻǹ鹦ڵҶЦ֤һܵĴս


445 Ϊô
ձΪܣǿƶܱؽ羡ƽأ˵һƽܵһǽɽΪƽء
ʱʱգ˾ѾݱΪ޽ؽһƬƽԭشˡ
֮ҶĴ죬߸ߵӭƮ
ָʽ죬һƬĺӵĲ˷£Ψг졣
һӰȥѸٻ㱨ŵǰ¶̬ϢΪЧʿ٣شѶЩˣҲɳƷϵĸ߽ߵΡ
ҶƶоѾûһʼĻңˮһĴȥ
˶óּµѹ֮£Ҷƶ˲ûбѹ壬ϣѹֵķΧ֮пٵĳ죬ɱ䡣
Ҷƶڵˮƽڵ̬ôۻءڣȴѾΪʱ̫Σκȱ̫үӿҶƶˣ̾
ʲô嶯үʵ
ҶȫΪϢ䡣˻ش
ԲӦȫ֮ߡү̾˿Ͼڵľƣʵ̫ңͷһŷ֮У֡սΪ׵֮Ϊƾس˫ԨԴ˵ĽоݣؽˡҶǴҪ۷ƣһ֮䣡

ǹүԣҶЦȻھ۷֮䣬ȴֲһζĹ
ѼϢһķжⳡսֵض̬ÿʱÿ̶ڹע
κһϸ΢ı仯Ź
ͨһϵе̽飬ҶЦȻ֣Լȫûж֮⣬Ƹ¥İ׹ǱߣȻҲûʲô
ţƺҲֹǷƸ¥ǹֵܻỹаˣеİѾ˳޽̨
ʣµģֻ֮
һս˵Ҷֳ徵ȣıԾͻأ쳣˵û˰ŪûʲôıƼӴ̬չŵġ
ҶЦüͷǵ˸Ļų˰׳֮⣬ٲڶ룡
ֻǣһ֮սȴǰ㣡
ҶЦ˼ţЦЦ૵׹ӡ潫Ƭ֮£
ȻˣҪġʰо֣ҶЦüͷšûôѽôļǿߣҪҷԴջҪռıˣκһλǿ߶Ƕ֮׹ֻҪһ㲻ɣʱȺΧǵǿߵľɱ㶯ֵ𡭡
׹ӵʲô㣿ֺγǶ֮أ
ҶЦԽԽ±ȻΡ׹֪УӴսֽǣȴôˣ
ҶЦӦҹ£˪º𣬻ȫټһټϲнһҲŲʮˣЩȴѾǾеĸ߲
ҶЦ˵һԼĲ²⣬Ȼɴۣ˼棬ʲôԼԣû뵽ĵط
¹Ȼ繫ԣа׹֣ƶⳡ쳾սĻôȾҪ²һ£׹ƾʲôΪڿ⵽ɵĹУȫ
ûſԱȫǰᣬ£ܴڰæһһ˼ѡ׹Ӷ϶ϲֶ˼Ĵˣ
˼˹Ȼ൱գУ
Ҫģǲ׹ӵİʲô
ֻ˵ʲôû¶ֳֻڵķƸ¥̫Զ޼£͵ǰ״ԣʹǽڷƸ¥¶ʵǿʮһٱҲǷݰյķ
ô׹ӾһһӴ
˹ȴںη
ϵ˵ôҵɫγ
ҶЦָͷ棬Ƚ㻹֪׹½緭Ƹ¡룬԰׹ӵûɰװô֮ǲ룬ȥ½ΪΣԼȥ½֮ǰЩʲôһʱߣ߿Խ벻ͨ飬
ҶЦͻһϯȴǰһ
ǰ׳½綺µڣ½֮ǰֶʲôأ
ֻҪܹЩŪֻǵõһЩ˿ܵõ벻ķ֣
ڴ˵һ㣬ڰ׹½֮ǰ쳾첢ûзƸ¥֯ĴڡҶЦһ㣬Ӹּ֮ȫԿó


446 ҲҪ
֮Ƹ¥Ľǰ׹½֮󣬴⣬һע⵽һ㣬ǾǡԼһǧǰʹһλ֮
¹ػ£ؼɲֻ꣬˵ʱλӲμһεᣬʱﶦʢλҲǲ֮еĴӣӣӣӣ߻ӣ֮󣬾Ҳûг֣ǡ
ΨжӺĻӻѶ
ǶһֱڳиۣϢȻǲϵشĻӾ˵˳һһǧǰĻӵϢҲͲˡ
һһǧʱޣ׳һ½Ƹ¥ʱ䣬ܲ˼
Ӧô˵׳λ۵Ļȷġǣϼأе׳ܴλ˳Ļӡ
Ǹʱ˳ڲǰ½磬зƸ֮¡
ֻǡڶʱµжǿȴһδ֮գ
Ӧ˵ܵʱĻӸж٣ҪڵķƸ¥ҪǿöɣϾһӣ൱İ׻ӵеġ
׹ӵʵ̣
˼ã˵
ֹڴ˵ĻŸӪ֮Ҿ֣ԽҾ֮ģۣۺʵһ۲ӵеսҶЦ˵Ȼбĵƣ֪ĳ
㹻ĵ֣԰׳ԣ϶ϾԲô棬ôݣô
еʵ뷭Ƹ¥ǰ¶ȣʤΣӦʵ
֮еĲߣʮ֮⣬ֻսԼʮ֮еλͬ鲻𾳡ģͺɷ֮ûе˾硭
ҶЦ˵ǡҿԶԣڵսѾڷƸ¥֮ϵġ
ϵ
ҶЦˡϡֵĿ
Ҳ˵Ȼϰ׹ЩصƵĻҷսԾԶԶģӦ̾˿
ǵģȷʵԶԶ㡣ҶЦüͷǰҾ֣Ȼ޹棬ȴԾҪȥΨвμһսܹõĻ׳Լ׳֮ʱӵʵ
һȥͱǵ򣬿ɾڵĲΨһѡ񣬾վҶҾһߡüͷ
ˣ˵һҷ죬ûбҪһǿƸߵúܽ˫ҲΪ׺񣬻ΪС¶ĹϵǸҲԨԴΪаĹϵǸңҲܳϹϵ
ҶЦ˸ۣ˵ǲκһǾ󣬾ֻǾǹȻվһߣȴҲվҶҾһߡ
ҷԴ״Ȼ룬ƺβ֮Ӱɣһþ߲ʱԸܵе״ü˵ĵǡ
Ҳ˵ˣǿд󷨱򳡵ģһΣգǾͶáҶЦȻŻˣ׬⣬ÿʮݰҲӶɡ
˾һЦ⡣
޿ɷϣڿʱҶЦĸ߹Ƹ¥սǼѹˡ
ҶЦһ
δ˼ʤǰܣ㣬õķȥֽС
ϾڵıȽϣҶЦû̫İգ֤ԼƲľǶԵġ
ԼٵģǷƸ¥ǰ׹ӡ
һͬʱ巽ۡҶǿǿһֵĹߣ
ھҪˡҶЦſռ֮ڣƴȡԪʹԪѾγ޴еһһ
ҶۡҶˡ
ԼӺͷŮ
СһﻹǷǳʱҶЦĿռûֻƴ
ڣСڿռȻΪ״ֻҪ֮ųͻ˲䱩ʮ߰׵ĳˣһʵ
Ҫ֪Ϊԣڻ൱ģҪ£֮ν顮ꡯҲһ͵
Ȼ⻹ص㣬صǣСھѾӵгϵĲΪ
ƿֻʱССӦôڳڵССȻѾ˳Ϊĳ̶ȣѾšš̬ȴʻݣӦЩʻۺϣȫӣ
Ҷ˵״ҶۻҪһһ磬һչʮչ˶ˣΪ֮ҶҲ˿ѷɫսй֮ϾҶɻ棬ﲻȼ˵ǿֲ쳣


447 Ǹɵģ
ΪˣҶЦȴӲСһóȻȥ
ڵ޽Կ˵ǱѾȥһ൱ߵĵز
ҶۺҶԶȻɹ׵𳬼ǿߣӵеʵȴֺܲ仳ǣƲųȥεε͵ñץסץסʲôĻõľ棬û׼ͱˣϾֽ׶ΣĲƷʳš
ԣٵȵ˵
ҶЦеοǣҶۺҶ˶Ԫĸɣʼ޵׶һķȫκμ޵ļơ
ԴСԵפߺ֮޾ռ䲻һ㣬ý쾧ֻ֮ĳ޶ֱ֮Ӵǧ棬ɢڴǧ֮еȡټ쾧ת޾ռ֮ǵǴҶۺҶ㣬Ȼյ÷ǳֲʵҲȡԪʮ֮һķѡ
ңҶЦֶƺµı仯
ͫףȻһȦĽɫȦ֡
ҶЦȻ֪ȦζʲôӶ˻ˣصĹȥβҡ÷糵һ״̬жϣ϶ǷͬСɵġ
ҶЦҲûҪһץסϸһǹȦզ¡ξһ˿òӡ
ҶЦ֪СϹȻû޵ЭڴȴΪҲֻա

һգȷȵִҶ޽ΧΧȫפ֮ȴǰÿӽ䱸ȴĵ
һϡ
ӰϢɿն䣬ͬߵƣֳ߸򣬽ٳӪ֮С
Ǳͬһʱ䣬Ӳ֮Ȼҵĺ춯
۷֮Ԫ֮˴˳ɽХ֮ơ
ͬʱƬƬĲҽ֮
ʮǰ沿ӣƬ֮ͱһ࣬һ󿪵࣡
ʿ㵸طϰգϣһ糤һĺݺ裬֮
Ѫͬɽһķڶȷ߸ոճӪկӭͷͼһӰˢˢˢƣһƻ֣ļıڶѾץﶯãǸɾնԴ
ȷͳȷ󽫣
Ϯߴֳַ߸һ·̳ĳ룬ٳ;֮֮ȫûκܹ赲κһ˿һʱ䡭
ǴӸ߿տȥĻῴ֮Уʢһ޴
һϮͻȻȥø졣
ȫһҲʮϢʱ䣬ûȷعϮĵѾʧӰ١
ֻ±ذ洦ŵʹԼҧгݵ
ȷϹʮھ̶ʱڣٵһС롣
ʣµıʿȻƣȴѾΪں֮ڣΪи߲ͳʧ߳ɻָ࣬ϵͳȫ̱ҲΪ
˭ɵģ
ڶա
ĺӼ̸ϵһۿһĻҾ϶µ޲շб֮ܽ󣬼ȫصĽĿΪ߶
߸ʢ
߶ʻ˭
˧ŭڣһܹĵذ°Ӫկһְ֣ȷĲбܽȻԼʮ֣۵糸һ޽
߶˵
һХ𶯾ء
¼Ϊ˧س֮⣬ǵߣһΪ鲻𾳶壬һһĻѷɫ߶κһˣ޼֮£յأֱҶҾ߲㣡
ԶȻ漴ǰĿռͻȻѿһ϶ͬէȻһŻһ̣һ˴ռ
ԭִݹ٣ҵȴʧԶӭʧʧ֡
ɽң΢΢һЦɫȻ
ɽң´ŭ˵Ҳʾһ˲˵ٻƾǵݣȻͨʩͻϮ߶ҪҪƤ
֮һΪʥɫ͵һ£Ȼ飬ˣ㼴˵̬ȣ˭ʧݣҪƤ
ŭúúãһŲǵ˵߸ϲݲݣɱʮǰ棬Ϸֻ˵ǱʦǺģ
Ƶ϶νͻϮǸɵˣ
²ȻŭͬУʢǣѵңɷҵνʽƱ磬η
߶ͱ˲ɷ˵ȴҲɵŭӿһֱĬԵɫһͷ˵£ͱˣؼȻ϶¾ģǿҲûô
˶٣ѱ˵ôذɣ֮¾Ǹɵģأ


448 
һȣҴأҪѪծѪ
ٺЦѪծѪٺ١ƾ£ʸ˵
ݣͭ壺Ƿʸ˵үɣ
˵ͻȻ˫һչšꡱһױµУⱬ䣬һϺȵ
էȻƼšһ֮࣬һȻէ֣ݺأֻһѽ֣ûκ˲ʹԷĻԻͽȴѽƲʴɢơ
һ֣է֮ƽƽУӽƾһָ
Ц£ΪǸӣܳˣʶʶʲô߶
һûԳֿȭس˳ȥ
ȭ䣬˵Ӱ˲һ׵â֮УҲ˭˭
ҵƢ֮ԣ֮֮䣬Ȼϣ
ϳɳصλ껹ƶ·˶ӿЦ
ֲƬ̣һ졣ĳЦ𣺡£ٸҳԲѷǾ͵㣡
ӰȻչ֣ȴмǱһ첲ֱ¶棬Ƿ䣬ԼǱԷ˺˸顣ԾУûе
ŽһµӰ֮ˣ϶һ˿˲ŵİ졣гȻ֪ȥĿصضߵĲǣ
ϻŭһʼ֪Ǹɵģڻڷûûζƨʲô˼
ºһǺΪ֮սһ
˵꣬߶ٻػһ֣תȥ
ͷ
ʮһͷˮҲ֪˧һǰģôתˣҲ̫ͷβ˰ɡ
ߣܶ˵ʲôûκ֮£Ҳֻһͷˮظȥ
쵰֪ǸɵġŭƫƫҪ
вҸڹǼһˡɽңһ̾ϢһѾˣ´μ棬Ȼһһ¡ģ´ٶóȻȭԽ鲻٣ĵˡ
죺һøβʵƲϻ쵰Ҳҽйһ£ǻˡ
ֵܼЦ

˧ǼϼһѾ׿ڳˣΪβҵȶ֣»ȥ·ϣеĸʵ
ǳʲôֶʲô֣ºһҪֵĻʮһֻ¾Զزˡ
ǡ
Ӫ٣Ͳ߶ɵġĿ䣺߶ȹʵϣǱҲ֪֮ǰҲ߶ɵģֻ
һ仰û˵һ̾
ǴʼҪһڶԴ֮Ҷ
Ҷ쳾巽ۿңʹֻ֣޽ؽ磬巽Ҳ޿޲ɣҶλΪۣ巽Ҳ̫ӦҶͼǽָ£ٺ쳾ΨҶǾȫͬĸˣ
巽ۿ϶ҪֿԳ׶ɱɱķʽȻԽ綯ԽãѵʱнڣβΪ
еһλſڽࡣ
ֻһɰˣǸ࡭°һۣǾЩеûĸʲôϽȥپӪʲôɵ
ʮĳ˳ǡ
ɣ
ɵģ
ôɵģ
Ǽ϶һ־Ҫƴһˡ
Ǵ˧дǿѾһӵˡ
һ̾
һط곤Ϊʡ
ȻǰƮȥƺ̾Ϣƺ㯣ƺǳź˵һ䣺Ҳˡ
ȻƮɢ֮С

ֻǣȻ治߶Ϯôֵģ˭оУҲڲϵü˼
Ҫôǻһ˷ˡˣôǷͬСɣڴ֮Ҷ巽ֽ֮赶ɱˡǵĿֲϷڣҪôλ۱һλȲˣϧԱļⳡսλۣ֮Ҷһ򣬶ѳô״
Ȼһ״µĴ֮Ѿ޿ɱ⣬Ϳ̿ġ³̾Ϣ

ʵ²ûңٵĿǰΪֹûҶЦھ˶ڸ̾ʱ˵νҵľֻġԽߣȨߣģҲԽУҲԸҡνԽԽ󣬶ڴʱ˿̣ȴԽҲԽҡ
ΪЩߣߵˣŵ¶ˡ
ǵȴǲңҶЦԴǵĿ´ʵ
˷׷׵ͷ
Ȼ˼ϴԱԸξҪھͷˣΪߵĴɣ
ҶЦ˵Ϊǵģûƽ

˵ʱһ
Լ˸ղȫˣΪλһҰļҡ
Ҫȡƶ


449 ң
ҶЦ˵ɫз̬Ȼ
û˿ʱӹһ⡣
ҵĿꡭɲֹĺ쳾죬νֹ֮һλ桭
ҶЦһ䡣
ⲿֵܻ̽䣬ֵܻľλټҶЦһΥĶ

ֵܻԱɾΪɢޣԱ̫ĹĸǳɢĺΨеֵܻ߲㷢ټʱŻӵۣ˭Ҳֵ֪ܻᵽжˣǺب쳾ʮԽѽ֮һ
ȻһΣֵܻȴǵĵȷȷ˽ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰӣǹ󡢷Ƹ¥ҶҾڵж֮еȴֵܻչҶʹɱ֡
һʱֵܻᾹɰ˷ܵС֮һǽȫɢڽ֮Իȴ³Σֵܻʹεĸ񣬵һٶ޽ǿΧҲһĪչֻѡݱܷâֻҪʱ˳Ҿ֣˴˹϶ûкƽĿܣʱб֮գֻϧûȵҵԴսȴѾ¡¡ǳ
Ĵ󻷾֮£ֵܻپۣ
ʱȥζҪվӲһǶ෽˭ƣŹֵܻᣬ죿
ǡվ˶ӾͲ𣿣
ǰƣɽҲĶӾƣ
ֵܻλΧһϣԡ
˼ʾǶıûϹҲûԡ
Ⱥ棬ССȵֵܻΪһ֯θǣȥ
Ľ۴Ҳʡ
۵ܵĳ𣬿вʲô𣡣ǽ۴ֵܻһλУĪƣ˿ľѪ˿
۵ܵ¡ͷβΡϹͬѪ˿λϵߣгĲ
ʲôΣȷָ𣿡˸ֵһ۾
۵ܵ飬µʵ̫ԡ˵ҶҾġϹ˵ԽˣԽè֡
è壿ʲôè壡ɽŭҶҾ֮ǰƣ۵չɱҲ֮е飬̫ǲöȴǺεѵѪͲˣ۵ܾôһغĿ
Ϲŭʲôѵ۵ܵĳҾͲҲ۵ܣûиĻ־äĿʵʧΣҸóȻǰ۵ܱ𣬷ĻֵʹļҲʧȥ侲
ĪƵ˵ǰҾѳɣĿȷʵҪΪ˽赶ĿܣȴΣ
ϹֵвҶ֮£ҶǶҲ飬һҶҵıѾˣһεĶ൱ĲܣҶ൹ʩǽ´ҶҵӣֽҶҾͳ֮ҲдҶҸòٶҷʩѹһαȻƺƴʵû̫ԱͿ֤ҶҲǴ󶯸ɸ꣬лǰԹͼ⼸ǿȷġ
ȻԷˣ϶ϲڱ֮ȴֳ־ɱ۵ܣ˫תص𣿡
Ϲɿԣ
ؼһ㻹ڣҶҷֻ֣Ҫ߶κһλֵܻȫ߲㣡Ϊʲôֻɱ۵ܣס֣ѵ֪۵䣬˫ΨнȫϾɱսᣬֵܻ޶ܣվ޽֮һȫˣҪҶҸ߲ȻδҶҾ൱ɱ˻صġ
Թ飬ҶԾԲҶҸɵġϹɫȻڻûаһһǿ϶ģ˲֣ĿľҪֵܻҶҾӲȥҶҾǲ˼ƣ
ϹŹɽ쭣ǵΣĽ۵Ŀ
ɽǺҪ˵ʲôȴ˵ֻܵͷȥ
ôΪµĻֵ˭أĪһ¶ΣյĹâ
ΪϹһ仰û˵꣬ͻȻ˼Ҵ˽үүүǰݷá
ǰݷã
һ仰ֵܾŸɫ
Ϊǰݵ㣬ֵܻΪܵһݵ㡣
ﱬ˹⣬͵ֵܻ߲˵С
ƹܵ޽֮Уֱ֣֮
˭Īɫ
ǣ󡭡Ҷ١ǴҲ͸ãȻ;֣ܹڴ˹ְ֮ˣȻҲֵܻݵλ֮ˣȻø
Ҷ
ҶЦ
ҶЦȴô֪Լۻ᣿
ֵܾ˶һۣϹʵ˼ˣ
ֻҶһˡ
һˣ
Ī˿롣

ֵܻŸÿ˶ǰԲ˶֮ųֵ֮ϹңҲԨsţ
ҶЦֵܾ˶棬Ծδ󺺣ӾҶЦҲһһȺɽ΢о
ҶͨҵԾΪصլҲΪݲ֪ĪƿҶЦЦЦֻƺø˵ո˵󣡡
ҶЦЦЦͨո˵󣿴󵱼ҵˣȴһռģ
̧ͷĪƣǹֵܻݵ㣬Ҷĳ֪֮⣬ٻֻ֪Ŀǰ£ǰΨҶĳռһı˶ѣε֣ͨ
ŶĪͫһ
ҶЦ漴еЦЦո˵ơҶĳĵȻǲҵ󵱼ո֮˵ҵġ
Īɫʱ˸˵ôҲ˵Сˣȴ֪Ҷ˷ǰҪΣ
ҶЦҶĳ£
ҶЦͻһ仰ͻʯ쾪
Īһ
Ķ˵ֻһ仰Ѿ㹻
̫㹻ˣ
ҶЦû˵Ҿѳɣֵܻûʲô·ߡҲû˵Ѿǽˣ֮սû˵ͶҲȷѡҿΪֵܱơ
ֻ˵Ҷĳһ仰Ī仰ȴѾ㹻ˣ
㹻һУ
Īɫ粻þδԱߵϹ˵ֻڵľԶԶ
ҶЦĿƽĶϹûмʱ˵Ӧ
纣ϹҲ֪ôأҶЦһƽĿע֮£¾Ȼһɾη֮⡣
ҶǷǰ̧ͷԼֻ¶δع񣻵ڣʱ˿̣ȴתΪнԼλߡ
ϹҡҡͷѹȥپֵܻĿǰӵеԣҪġٲ仰˵ǹ͵ĻϹԼҲûлὫ֮˵
ҶЦЦЦôұΪֵܻλҵ֪Ҷĳոߣԭˣ
仰֮ĩҶЦͻȻӿƣ
ҶЦԾɶ˿δɫĿⶼάԭȻԶڲ𾳰Ʒ۷ľƣȴѾк
ȻĪ֮ѹ˹ȥ
Ϲʱɫһ䣬ԱֵܼҲȫΪǺֵҶЦ跢Ȼƣһ֮࣬ȴεķ֣ԼŬҶЦȴʼһ㣬ȻĪ޿赲
һִɽѹݵѹƣо֣ȴ޼£
ĵֵƬ̣ҶЦͬ߾˵ͻǷЯŭİһ˸һ˸ߣܿ
ֵȻ
˼ÿ˿ҶЦĿ⣬Ȼ֪ƥľ
ΨĪԾƽҶЦ
λҶЦ棬ҶЦƳˮһȻĪȫȻǹķߣΨжĪ֮ʱȴͬǺˮˮ½ʯȻȻķ
ĪƾӵоԲѷɫҶЦľʵȴ紫ŵֵܻ󵱼ʵԶ
𾳰ʵͬڵӶǿߵʵѹֵܻܹʮ˥Ƴϣȴ֮У
Īһ֣ҶЦƵʱΣȻһЦҶ⣬Ѿ֪ˡֵܻôĻҵֻƬ֮㼴áδЦˡ
ҶЦ΢ЦȻ
һߵϹ˿ĭ硣
ΪֵܻңϹڵĽ£Ѿûֵܻλá
ʹʵʵΪѵãԾһб䣬ֻиΣյķݣ
ʱӢ仰ֵܻᣬҪǰ콭Ѿܡ
ӵеѾǿɵأֵܻṪҾ֣Ψͽ̾κεķݣûκһλֵܹܻһľ޴вս֮⣡
巽۴֮Ҷս֣Ǵ˫ƣߵĵز̸Ӯʤܣ
ȻȥǸʱֵܻɾǸ޴ı
ֵܻ᲻κһڣκһ׼ֵܻʵ浽ʹս̣֮˭ұ֤Լʢ֮ʱʵ
ԣֻҪһսʱܻǷֵܻĨѿ֮У
㣬ϹԤıȻ
Ҫǣֵܻᵱǰλ쳣Σܹѡˣ˵٣ǡûУ
Ͷ巽ۣ
巽ۿϽɵĻֵܻȻģֵܻǽɢˣѾ˲Ѿٹ̵ĵƻȨֵܻѾ̫̫ãͶЧ֮ǰʲôȥˣü㶼ûͶ񣬴ͷҪͶȥˣ
巽ܾǿģ
ôͶҶҾ
ͶҶҾֵܻѡҶֵܻᶯɱʱϹἰ˵ֵּܻ߲Ľڡ
ֵܻʼŪҶ࣬۳ΣԵΣݳԹѾ£˫ת
ͶƸ¥аˡÿǣЩı󶼿ۣұ˴˶ˣıģֵܻλҶǺ˵Ͷе˵Ͳ
˼ǰ󣬱ӦǰҾֵʵ£òƾֻʣһ󣬻ֵܻᱧȡů
Ψһѡ񣬻һҪԵãҶҹϵãааϵãس˫ϵҲãؼǣ˼һõİȫ⡣
ֻҪ֮һ㣬ֱӾ´󼪣
ֵܻȴǳϦʱ㸲֮Σ
ʱҪ˼ұȡů쿪˵𣿣
˼ұů״̬ﻹҪ㱧ʲôţ
Ψһѡֵܻͬûбϣģ
ֻҶЦͻȻ٣ȴתΪϣ
ȻҶЦȴнĸһжŵϣֵܻѡ
ʵﻹʲôѡ񣬳Ͷ󣬵Ҳûеڶ·
ģȫ··һ


450 һս
Īӹһ˿ӣҶѾһ⣬ҵֵģȻҶֱ£ôⳡ֮սҲҪġ
ĪƲֵܻ󵱼ңԴʷֱָġ
ԣܹõıӻȻǺ£ֵܻὫȫƣΪΪ⣬ξȡᣬǾ󲻽ԣ㸶ٴĴۣȴǹת
ҶЦ£ֻҪսֵܻػΪͷӣڻ죬ǣ֮ǰ״к죬Īƴ˼ʵƴ˵㣬ȴǽڵϣֵܻ᷽ͶĹؼڣҪ
ҶЦƷ裬ûмڻӦ
ֵܻĵǰصǱȫĺôھ汣ȫȴҪ߳ȥģս
ĪأȻˣҷǵԡӵеۡҶһĶʵӵ𣿣
أҶЦʹʵ
Ҫõ֤˵һ֤Ҷбֵ֤ǰȫ˵ҷʧ򡭡ҲǸͶϾûи壡
ĪţʹΪޣΪ⣬ЩҪǰ棬ֵܻΪͷӣսɳǣڻңҷĵߣž˸ÿ£
Īһӽ׳޲ɼʵȴǵ˼ʾѾֵܻһݣֻҪֵܻᲿڲȫΪڻңܹһԱԳõشһݴĸֻҪнഫأʲôͶ˵
֮ҶЦôһı֤޷裬ǲǳͷβûг⣡
ҶЦĵͷĪҪ֤Σ
Īƻ̧ͷµ⣬һһֵҶһս
ҶЦţ
ĪƵԴսΪעֵܻչ
ҰˣֵܻͶ󣡡
ĪƵʤˣһʹ˽ɢֵܻᣬֵֵܻܳ׹ڽֵܻӴ˲Ҷܵõ˵ֶˡ
ĪƴʷϬֱӽֵܻƵ±ϣһǽ·±ԵܣֵܻͶȻ棬ʤֵܻʹ˽ɢԾɲ棡
ȻȴĪƴµҶЦʤңɽֵܻɢԱɢҲһܵλߣ
ҶЦȻվ𣬵ȻˣұĪһսǷˣһֵֵܻΪ㣡
ƣ
ĳ˾ȻھѾʼգǰǾ϶Գĳƺ
ĪһʱˮϣҶƺҵʸ룡
룡
˼Ѷһ˺Ժ
ֵܻλȻˢˢظ˹һɫ
ƶԣȻ˭Ҳ뿴ϴսܣǴȴףһսսǹϵֵܻ
ĪԽɢֵܻᣬڼֵܳɢ뽭ݺ쳾ȷʵܱȫһ֣ȻڸĽɱֵܻһɢʵȻ޷Կ̻̲գʱǰԤ
ǿĪƵӣȻȫһս֮ȻҶЦȻһ棬֮٣ǰΪ֮ߣ񻰣Ծ伫ޣȴ֪ԼϴǲţΪ֮ߣ۷壬ǰ¶ļɵˣ
С
ҶЦһеվţƣһսԼд裬ҵ㵽ΪֹΣ
ĪЦЦҶĪĳѾûг֣˵ĸоѾòˣ
Աֵܰ̾˿
⻹ûأѾʼʾˣǺڰľԼ磬ֲҪ̫ô
ˣ˭Ʊǿأ
Ȼˣɣ
ҶЦԾάԭվˣȴƽһƽƽֱ𣬱ֱس߿գƶ֮ϣһս
ƶ֮ϣһս
仰ΪļƵϹһʱƪ
ҶҾϵ䣬ǽҶƶˣҶҾ½ƶ˹ӳ֮ҶЦȴҪƶ֮һս
仰ɺϣк壬ȴѰζ
ȵϹعʱȴȻûϴӰӡ
ϴأ
Ҷһȥˡ
զſ
Ҫܿǵһսզţ浱ûɫأ
⡭
Ϲţͷԡ
ڿɵˣ׷ȥҲҲˡܿԼֵһ£Լ˲ţʹİ

߿֮ϣ磬ҺХ߶ȣȻѾ಻ܴĸ߿ա


451 ˣ
ҶЦһϮʤѩڿռ裬Ƿ׷ɣ磬ٲղŵĵȻ
ĪǸֶҶЦȻۣҲֵģ
ҶЦȻһЦģһģ
ĪһͻȻһţȫӭšһ죬ⷽԲǧ֮ڵмλüѹ
һſĽ⣬֮е磬Ȼ֣
ҶЦһ֮գбָ죬Ϻȵɣ
ĪһХܵͻȻۺΪһͷͻҡͷβΩΩФЮ֮ƣǿƳҶЦ
ҶЦһȦ֮£ȴǽӰڻ뽣֮С
ⲻ߹õһǡһ̣ҶЦ˳ʧ
֮䣬ֻʣһѣ
ⲻֻߣⲻҲһĿխ
Ŀ⣬ֻһڽ
ȴֲֻһڽ
Ȼͻ˿ãۼ˫ͻ
Īʮ⣬ʱظоһɭɭƴ޾ɫȻһ䣬һϣڰͻ֮⣬ƾոֳһɫ
ǧɳ̣ȻէȻ֣ƾͻʤһȻݱϻ֮ƣ
ȻĪƵĹƾȻֹˣ֮һͷ߲ʷˣЮصİȻȻ
һʱ䣬ǿ֮Σзɱ֮ĵһͻ屶ֻ屶ϣ
˼УҶЦҪӦԣ
ûӦԣûӦ䣬ҶЦȫκα仯ԲӦ䣿
᲻̫Ϸһأ
ƽƽ棬ʵ޻Ľ
˫зۣ⣬ȫޱȽأֻϧʤжֹ󣬶𲢣
ۣ
˫зӴһ˲ͻɢǹ⣬ȫ޿أҶЦĽͻ֮࣬ǾԳǾ֮Уͷʼͻƣ˵ƲɵֱӴβ˳ȥ
Ǻ治棡
Ȼ֮еķ֮
ҶЦһ˫Σٶ˥أ
ΪҶЦһΣȻάԭ״δδӭͷȥ
Ȼķ༴ʱһ챬Ĺ㡣
֮УҶЦĵȻһǵȫ޿أԼҶЦƶ
ˣĪڱɫкƱϷһضһںĳӭҶЦһΡ
һΣҶЦĽ˱仯һزתΧĪչ˺ˮкһĹơķƣΪһ޾Ľ⣬֧顣
ĪƳ侲ĻӽӦսڵ÷겻͸ˮ˵˵ã
һ˵ȴҲͬǱҶЦһƵȫȻ޷ֻܱأٲȻ벻ʤ֮
ĪһҲżҶһȷһζõعȥĺ𣿣νղɾãӯܣһ㹥ȥĪĳһ̣ȴ֪ҶʲôԵֵ
ݺңҶЦһԲֹһâƾȻԽԽ죬籩꣬಻

ĪƼȶѶչܵķԪϸ¶΢ؿԼĳ߶ҶЦĽâ࿹˴˳֮£һƬ
ͨһ۵ĹĪƿȷԼжϲȱʧ
ҶЦΪֹڲ𾳰Ʒ۷壬𾳾ƷԼΪȴѾǲ𾳾Ʒнף˲һΣ൱Ĳࡣ
޻ٵӲƴԼ塣
ҶЦһζǿʹ򣬳ҪԼܷսΪ̵ĵز
Ī벻׵ǣҶЦ裬˼׵飬Ȼô
ҶЦĹϬȴܶԼ˺ӼȥսֻߡҶЦĴ򷨣ʹ˵ҲãܹǹںķΪ
һߣҶЦͨΪҲԵֵԼķˣ
ĪƵ벻ͨҶЦڼʲô
ѵƳﻢԸⶪƤάϵ
˵ĻĪԼӲҽֵܻһֵиһ
Ī԰˼⡢ɹ֮ʣȴէҶЦĽ⹥ƾңֱ֮״漴˸ǡݡһˡ
ĪƼ״ǲмҶЦƼͬ¶ֱǣ֮ǰ˵۵㵽Ϊֹ޹ҶЦģֱôӮҪ֮ӣ
ǭ¿ĪƲ˼ͳϣǰǣ
ҶЦһˣǧɣһкǧ
ȻĪһ׷ǵ׷룬׷ҶЦˡ
㡭
ĪƳȻ̳֮࣬Īһ̾
ҶЦˣֵܻҲֵˡ


452 շֵܻ
ĪԼļ֣Բˮ
Ҫ˵ˡ֣ͻȻһֱ־ʹ˶ڴߡ
ҶЦԭɢĽ⾹ȻٶʵзˣӭֱԼ
һ̶ֽȣԼƽδǿ
ȸղҶЦ⣬ȻҪʮϣ
һƬ嫽⣬޾֮УҶЦ𣺡ƷһСΪ
ɢۣǰʢĺ嫽зˣٲ֮ʦ֮죬Юûʵ֮Ȼ١
ͬ£ľͻȻĪǰ
ĪΪߣȴֻһç򣬴˼էûµһֱĵһʱƲסվʹ˳־ȼԶʤˣӦ٣۾һУٺˣҶЦַΧ
˫ʵʵ죬ֻҪΪҶЦûһ壬սԾԶۣ
ȻҶЦĽâȴͬƹ֮ʼβ׷϶
Ȼ󡭡
ƽǵĪֻоһ̲ס͵һ͹˾ʹ˴
Ϊʺǰ紦һĽ⣬ɭɭâפ
ʤĪƣܣ
ĪֻоԼԺоһƬ
Ϊʵ벻ףȫƿս֡һо֮еԼôܣ
âʧҶЦӰٶ֡
벻ͨҶЦɫԾɰȻʵ
ĪЩ㯵ҡҡͷôܣô飿
ҶЦЦЦʵԭܼ򵥣ʵ̫ˣİ򣡡
ĪƵţ
Ҹղڷڵʱ򣬷ųƣֻ֪ò𾳰Ʒ۷ΪǴʱʼûнҷУ£νսֵӮʤܣ֮Уֻһ֮䣡
ҶЦȻǴǸʱʼѾ˾ųɡʵֻҪһ㣬㲻뵽Ǹʱͷѹ¶ʵľٶ޲ɼѵһ᲻ֵ֪ܶ϶ϲ׽λôԱƣԣ¶νƣֻһļѣ
ȥԺʱ߿նԾսҰ֮⣬϶ûаգԸǰ󣬶뷨һ̿ʼͰʮɣתأ
Īһ
Ȼʵʵȷʵ֮ϣս֮ȫѹ׼зʽĻ㻹һ˿˿ʤΪǰµУŰʮ㣬ֱӲôɽǶķʽͼһݿ࣬˽ۡԼУԭûҷС
ССսѡʵذۺѾǰܣǡǵ˵ĻѾ˰˳ɣ
ҶЦҵĽâͻ֮УƲ˥չƵֻܱʱܵҹ㣬ƶҵĹԳ־ãӲܶʵввȻȫûпǹкС뵱ȻΪҹһ̣֮ȫʤ֮ʱʱ˵ʱȫȫûпǹԼʱΪ˵ĽʽֻΪϹһۣеĿܱ
ǣһеδ
һ̣ǵ˵ĻѾʮɣһ˿һȫĻᶼûˡ
ҶЦ֮İۻܲܣ
Īףһͷߣ˵Щ֪ܲ׵ǡԲ𾳰۷ΪϹҾн׶޷Ѱ϶Ƶܹƣ࣬Ҳֻ֧ôʱ䡭һʱޣȻݽߣҲƶɣΪλʹǿľʤһУⲻǿдݹȣطܹӵĹУ
Īԣɽ֮
ĪƵΪʶȫԾȷҶЦӦʲôʱߡ
ʵϾƫƫƴˡ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦյ֮ƶѣûкУһͲȡ칥ԴܣѰ·
߻ô˵ֿٻܣֻڶ֮бȽϲ۵һҶЦ˵ѵ㶼ûиоҸδȫ
ĪƼһѪ
ôĻҲҸһ㣡
һ𾳰۷壬ɵظɷ˲𾳾н׵ǿߣȴڰԼûȫڴһ쳾ʤǿľ䴫˵
ƫƫӻǸǣǸ
Կ
ֱ鶹ײĶ˰
ˡܵһͿأĪЩɬЦЦЩꡭʵ̫˰
漴ݵҶģĪƵĻһԾŶ
ҶЦȻЦˣҶĳãλֵܴݡ


453 ѷ
ۼڼĪڻ̲ס˵ʾˣղ˵ûȫڶƣҲֻ۵һʣǾ˶ȫƽǸôΣֻ˵ʲô˲ʸƣȫԸأ
ҶЦĿΣ¶һȤЦݣȻȷҪ֪
Īƿ϶صͷ
ǲ֪ףԼⱲֻҪƺþúþãһ⡭
ʵ⻹ʵˣֵȫԸĶ֣ΪֹûǺ޹˼ȫԼȫʵĻҶЦһ£˵ͬʱֵܾˡ˵ͬʱɱֵܾŸҲǷ֮ףŲɣ
ۣ
ĪЩһѪֻоеľᾹǸ࣬Ѿš˸
꣬ԼΪһʱĲʳ⣬ȴõôһĴѳĴ𰸣
껹粻ʣԼƾƺˣһ˵⣬Ӱһֵȫȥˡ

ҶЦЦһĪ֣ȥҲ
֮䣬ҶЦ˾ʹʧӰ
ĪĿԶֻһ⣬˼Ѿ֮⡭
ÿƶٶȣ
ĪƵһ
ƶٶȡĪʱѾĪ
ڣѾţҶЦ˵ġͬʱֵܾˡ˵ͬʱɱֵܾŸҲǷ֮ף仰ˡ
νĴŲ࣬ԼֵܴŲ࣬˼ҶЦʵԶԶδף
ϾҶЦƶٶȶݽߣȻҲĹٶɱˡ
ʹٶȻӽɱĻԼһжֵס
ΪľĪȴˡ
ԭ˵ġ
ȻûбȽϾ˺һȽϾͳ˺
ɱǾŸȻǷ֮ף
ôĸ̬
Ī۵ȥˡ

ʹ㶨ֵܻᣬҶЦȴûиоɳ죬ӵسһЩ
¡˵򵥣ȴҲζԼܵĴ棬Ҳˣ
˺֣ƱҪϣᶨƵȥˡ
ҪߵĻɾһһӲ̣
Ҳþܸǵİˡ
ҶЦڸ߿գӭ缱ۣǰԺ飬ȴǰƻҪ࣬Ҫ
һһеķߣһ·ߵ˼ʣɾһӢ۹ʤһ֮ۡ
ҶЦûʲô԰෴ģ¾Īض˼ֲ
˷紵ϣǰһֶ
ɽ˶ཿӢ۾ЦӵɽĹȻӢۣеزۡꪳɳѵͲӢۣ
ҶЦһ·ٻع顣
˭Ҳ֪һ·ϣһЩʲô

ֻһ֮
ֵܻλУֵܻ³ƷϸһǧˣȫԱǰ£
ȻķƶϢøʵΪ֮һ

ѣһһֱֵ̲ܻᣬֱʣֹɾɲ̾Ϊֹ̾Ϊֹ
߶֮һƣ֮̾ȴݵĸζ
Աߡ
Ҷ쳾ǵЦ⣬ֶԶƾƾ棬һʣȻ޲Ψ۵ĳһɫȴԽԽԼˡ
һ㣬֮ͬһҵ߶Ҳһ˷

Ƹ¥
ֵܻǿսȥˡ׹һЦһָһֻһ׾µСڽ
ˮδӺڳͻķʽǰܡ
ǵģǵ˷Ч
һ˵
ͲӦЧġ׹ҡҡͷ˵ֵֻܻҪϹڣǳƣáҪɾͣһҪɱľϹǸ޹ʹ׷ơ
ǡü˵
ֵֻܻôɴͶҶЦҲЩҵԤ֮⣬ֻĳЩʣҶЦչֳ֮⣬ֵܻᵱ۵ķɣ
׹ӷˮָͷü󣬵Ƴӣػ֮ڡҲȫûջ񣬱һܸעľҸʼݷ
ԡڵսԿսˣ
׹Ȼ˵
ڹҾ͵ǰ״ԣǷսԾֻ֮˵
֮ⳡ֮սעڱУˡ׹ӵЦЦ
˵仰˼һҶЦҶЦţҶЦڵõֵܻôӴͶЧ֮󣬻ʲô
һ£˼˰Σŵһᡭһ˵һ֧飿
ĻشνйоأֵܻȻʵǿݼǿʵδھʵʵǺǿûֵܻʵǿֻ֯Ҫһͻɿʹ֮񣬱ϾھУ̾Ͷĳ̶ֳȶԣҲͬӵʱ˭˭ȴδ֮˵
׹ӹһЦ㲻ҶЦ


454 
ɴ۾ǣӵ˼ǡ
ҶЦĳǸʵȣڳң޷ʰľ棬ֵܻʵȴַǳۻ룬ڵһʱԡҶЦҪһ£ȫֵܻ֮󡣻оǡּͨӡ֤ȷʵΪĹЧһµʱޣЩ֮˻߿ԽһµΪͻƣ֮˸鸽֮ģҲþʵٽһ֮󣬾ŻչһĶ
׹ӵսַ֮ʱҶЦӵеĵ̹ȻΪɹۣۺȴ޷ֽȥս֮ڡóȻרĴĥʵӦδ֣ұôɣҶЦӦԴ־ˡ
š
˵һµµļЪڰɡ׹ӵͷ֮ҶЦչһĿ꣬ɣڶĵһʱ䣬󣡡
ҶЦһԸصرں½ʱǾڼ֤ǱԶ󡣶֮νѪµѪծ֡ҶЦζŹ󣬱ʱҶЦȻһɱ¾֮ƾѻ⣬ɣ
׹˵ţ˵Ǹòһ棿
Դ㯵ĵѵԵ⣬ǣҲ֪Ĳ֪
׹ӹһЦ㷢һѣԺѾͷ
룬¸洫ѶԾΪҵʱٽ󣡡
̾˿ʼǡĸֶءϴΰõ飬黹бҪһ͵ģ
˵飬׳УȴζĿһ
ǣ
ûע⵽Ӧ

ƨƿڴ
ڰ׹ѶϢһƾͽ֮ˣڳ࣬ŭ֮£ûʶ׳Լ׹ùá
Ϊ쵰͵һţҵİϵʵ񣬾Ȼһţ
ˣܵ϶׳һţȻһڵԼУ
ӣ׹֮δ޵ķʸɲ˵˵ҶЦȷʵԣֵܻǿʵΪԮʵС
ƨԣ죺ʹҶЦɱҵĻᣬҲҵ涯һ£Ҿ͵ڴصĵߣɱҾ͵ͬɱĪ˵ҶЦûʵ㵱Уĵ𣿣
ߣ
һ֣¾ʹ۶ҶЦգǵˣκ˶ҪǸ˵̫ӵҪһҶЦĵҲǰ

˺˶òףȴֲ֪Ȱ⡣
ǺԼҹӵŭʲôط
߳죬޽ֿȭ£µһͷѾùڴǰ
ǽȴ²˳ȻзƸ¥ҶҾԼа˵ִѹʵήȻأȴΪҶЦΪãʵ̫̫
֮ǰһαùʺ硣
ôܲŭ
Ȼʹ׽ˡ˴˼ʾҲһ£һҪ飬Ȼݷõ̫ϣԹԾӣ⡭ⱾѾһּ˲ŵı֣
˵һ㣬߲һ㣬˿̵澹ȻƴΪܵеֶΣЦิɱҶЦ׳еˣ֪ôЦǴأ

Լȡ׳Ļظ͵͵ЦЦ⵽˾ͺãٶˡ
Ĭһ£ڿڵѶϢǲ׼ԸͷӦ
׳һ£ãûش

׳ŲߣǴϵľȷ
ȻһζҶЦԤУȴ˵ġ
ҶЦ֮ڱжҶЦǱǰ궼ûκζ
ֹˮв

Ƚİ޽Ѿɸӣ˵ǧٿף֧飡
ڶνҶҾҶҾȻͳѵ±ʼ±󣬲̫ľ˳̻ãһϮʱ˺;ڼս󣬼һҶҾѳɱɽ̬֮ȴ֪ʲôطɱһ֧ɷ˵ǿս
ͷ̫࣬㶼ʮˣսȴͬСɣɱ֮ǿսֱ֮֮࣬Уһ̿汾䴩ơ
ս֮ΣңӦõֻ¾ҪɽһͿˡӦõҲãס֮ǰȡõѹƣȴҲȻ޴档


455 ۵
ʱ򣬶˶Զб޽Ȼγл֮ƣҶҾȻһһɲ֪Ķʮأ˫һ޹⡭
Ȼ۵սԾǶʮ趫쾫ƣ֧ȴ˿ң֮࣬ޣ˶쾫ʱ䣬лսƲ
ŶķӣҲ̼ս֮УҶҾΧ洦ԵеĶӾ֮УԤϵǣҶҾȻԽսԽ£·磡
߶ֻˣһѣ֮ơ
ʵҲѹ֣Ͼֽսϣ߶ʵȷʵܵеķ룡
Ĵؾӣǰĸ֣ûκˣܹ߶֮һԿ
ʵķ˧ƵüѪ
߶ǵǿߣ֪Ͼӵ꿪ʼҾ൱ͬߣΪʲôʮǾȻǳô̫࣬ѧ˰ɣ
»ķ˧ѽ⣬߶ǰֵҲò˼顣
߸˵ʵò̫˰ɣ
ֱ͵عͷ
Ľֱ˸оЩʵ
ҶԼˣȻвԭ߸˵ĻӦһЦ
ǲԸ˵û˵
ѵһ˵֮ӵ˳ǵĽʵֻ֮вŻõģԴӷҳ˾취һõ͵õʱյĳ̶ȣ
⻰òЩ˵ɡ
ÿΧɵɢܣ൱״һޣĿǰľʲôԾȵģ
ʱ̫̣ʼմؽ֮⣬൱ޣҲѣܹʱϸʮ꣬߶ȫܸͦ巽ۡ
⻹аյġ
ֻϧʱҴĿϧ
սÿһ춼ڳС
ÿһ춼ˣǴˡ
缶սϣνѾС˲ֵһĵز޽ɽӵ򣬶Ѿȥ˺ü飬ο˵
巽۵ĺԮԽԽ࣬ҶҾЩԲˣ֧Ųס
֮ʼջ̫٣˸Ƶս״̬У¶š
ǣԽˣҶҾֳȴԽԽƵ
ֻһ죬۵ڵִ޽
Ǵһտʼ쳾֮սսٿƪ
յ죬յɫޣһ˿ˣͷһͻ
ĴսʽĻ
ķؽٶ۷֣Ҳǰŵĸϵˡ
޽ǱߣһХն𣬺춯أס
漴ȻֳɫĴ֣޽Բؽ磬˶õͬԼǰһ㣡
ʮսԼ޽˽ᣡ
ʮ֣ƾبգþòɢ
ǼϻȻվ𣬿ſеʮ֣ͻȻЦ̬漴һϺȵã
ѿڶȴͬգѵأֻƬΪ֧֮飬ĳһŵĺڶ
һڱռѡ
ƺȻѾھͶ֮ϣ
۵ľǣߵƣ
ϵľ۴ս˶ûе׼õĴ˿̣ʹ˺ҵչˡ
巽۷ĺԮϵӿս罭ӻ㺣ԴԴ֮ҿνһ˸߹һˣ֮Ҷߵ֣ȴͬƽԭݣԶ֮֮𣬽ðһɣðһɣܣĪ
˫ǰǵĶս⣬սԽԽңҲԽԽҡ
ȻҲԽԽࡣ
ʱ߶λϵַ֮⣬ʮҲսûһǾ֮ơ
ԭԾ巽غΧʤȯյ˧һһεȻ֡⣬ʮǰ֮ҶϤسǿս
֪һִԼǻصʮǰ
ôѣ϶ֵ֣ܣϳˣһδͬһսϣ
ҶҾӵв۷ǿ߲ʮλиʮλ㾳ǿߣ߶ս˵κһǺѷɫģټɱ֮ѪӵĻʤֻ֮µ÷㣡ս˵Ŀɾɲ̾Ϊֹ
վ֮УĿǰء
յ޽ʱѾо˰ŮϢȻʱŮΪʲôҪһطȴܸоûκΣգŮ黹ܲ
ȻҲͷģע˴ս档
Ϊµĵһǿߣ˿Ŀ·¡ҶʵЩУ൱


456 Ѫ֮
ЦЦȻǹ㲻ǰν֮ʱʧ˵֮սջҪǿ֮ľս۶ʤڵνսֻѪⳡʢĿθ˰ˡ
Цһ
ֻѪǰˣѾɱʬɽѪ޾ˡ
Լ治һ۵ӣΪǿߣëȻȻľЩǣȴ۾գһ£۵ݶǸС
Ҷ쳾ʵȻǿ󣬵ͬʱ۽ȴռ˰Ϸ磬ʤ㡣̾˿֪Ϊʲô֪ʤҪҶȫʵѹô
ͷɾǲ֪ˣʤ̣֪֮ΪΪ֮Ҷˡ
㲻֪Ҳ֪۵ֻԼеƺҪƬأϴƣµ򡣵ֻһԭԭ򣬻˵Ҷ쳾ĵ׸ҪԭҲ벻ͨġ
ϾܴƬصԭй򣬵սȴضҶȫȥᣡҶ˶ˣҲ⣬ôʹƬأȴʲô壿
ۿŶһƬս֮ü˼֮󣬻ҡͷ
ȻǵҶ쳾ôʵĿĺڡ
ʵͬʣҲͬʱĴ
Ҷ쳾Ҫʲô
Ҷ쳾֮ս㲻⣬սִ߱˼˵ĵزȴǳϣĪ˵Ҷ֮ҶӮ巽֣ӮˣҲֻõһݻٵĺ쳾죬𣿣
ôսΨһ˵Ĺȥɡ߱ҶˣһǸҶȺֵܣˣ
Ҷվһþ޴棬һѴɡסաҶ쳾쳤ЦЦú졣
£Ծжʮλ
Դطʮλֵܣ飬Ⱦƣ죬ȵþƺȣ˺ɡ
һƣһֱͷྡɺãҶ쳾΢΢Цš
ãʮһЦ
ˣһߺȾƣȴѪ˿ȻѾ˲ᡣ
Ⱦߣвˣһ˱ششҲԱΪѹƣ˿ԣȴѹƶԼƵص˼㡣
ֵཻʮָ꣬кκ
ٳ϶һһݣȷʵ޺
ֵʼûб䣡޺
ʮ귱޺

ɽңЦ
ʮ꣡ɽңЦЦţȻ
ʮԶȥŽ̬ᷢӣһŶӳ󣬲ϣȥӴͯӣӡһһҼصأӼĶأͷһ̡չʱյ߰س
ɽңҡͷȥԾϣ𽥱òɣ޾
ÿһ¼įˣҪȥһ˽ҸͷҪϰ졣żչһ⣬֮ȴʮţ紵󣬾пҲ޵ķͷˡ
ζһδεֻĥģѾľ
УԤ֮Уᣬζвͬ
ʱǲǽһиϽĳ׽Ҳûôˡٳֻ֮࣡
ɽңĸ֮˴˵ĹһžƱĬȻ
ȻȴʼղǴֵǵԼΪԼ˼ֵʱյִţ
ʮƵԼǲԼܸģ
ֵپһܸġ
ټһ棬ܸģ
һΪǾôϢľܸͬ࣬ģ
ؽһ췭ظܸģ
սδˣ巽ҫ£ܸģ
ƣįɣƺֻʣ㲻ġ

˷һս޹ʤ裡
۰ҵ˭ֻҪģ磡ۣ
ֻΪˡֵǵԼһ·
Ϊˣ쳾ǵĺۼ꣬ǲսƬأáڣһսƬأɴ˼𣡡
˶ѣ
Ψһսѣ
ɽңȹԣ˵ôĻһΣžƱ˵λȴҶ쳾ǳ˼ѡ
ȫѻȸ
ô
ƣô
ô
įô
ɣô
Ҫʲô
һսս󣡡ѪͷһƹºȻȥˡ
һֱһԸڰȡϽ׼յԲΡ



457 Ϳ̿
Ҷ쳾شͷþò
ڶա
ڶر˧ɵ£ǰսݱ
Ѫӵ˶Ȼֱ֣˵ķʽɱ붫оڰɱһѪ·𾳸Χ֮£ö֮ؿɵԴһ·Хȥ
ۣ˧䣬һɱѪ֣֮
ʹ죡
쾹ѪӴʹһ죡

Ѫһˣȴһ·ЦƿնȥˬûʮϹո˶
ʵϣҲȷʵѪʮһβӲӲļ˸ս
һΣȴ𺳹Ž񣬶
Ϊһںڰ֮еɱ֮һսʽ֣Űݣ𾳸ΧԼһ֮ͬʱڵǿߣ
վɱĿﲻֹܹˣս˸ʹǾȴһǰǰ޹ˣ
Ǵһ쿪ʼֻҪ쳾绹һ죬ɱ֮ѪӵĴ˵;Բʧ
һֻԽԽأԽԽ棬ԽԽʣ
Ϊһڼںڰ֮УǰѪӶԣȴôܲ㣿
Ī˵ȫˣȻһսĿһǰӹŽս

Ѫӵļ˷෴췽ɫһıòһҪ౬Ѷˣ
˼ŭ𼸺Ʋʶȼ
ϴˢܴ谡
ڼذΧ֮£зһ彫оɱԼ˧ȫˣﳤȥ
Ǻεܴ裡
ϴѩĳ裬ͷԼǰԼϣ
ԶۿһĻҲͫһ㾳
һ˵㾳ǿҲۣ΢Ѹһ㣬µһɱѪӣȴԲڴУ̤㾳Ѫӣʹ巽ҲҪ֡Ȼ֣֡Լһֵġ壡
Ѿܹв巽۵£Ҷһ巽ȷ޷Ҷƽ֮࣬ⳡսۣ
㾳µһɱѪһѪӵвԶԶҶô󣬵вʼѾڣʹ巽ҲѰ

ȡ۵սҲãҶҾԾɾ·磬Ӧ˵ӴսʼҶҾʼմ·硣
붫ϱؽ֮Уÿһ򣬶Ǵ·磻ֻÿһҶҾսɫ
ÿÿΣ֮ʱܻλǿսͬĿ꣬սַת
ȫϳ򷨣巽ص
ʵÿһضӵͬͬȲεĳ֣ȴ϶£
Ϊÿһλܹ߶ĸ֣ʵʵӾǿߣ巽۵Ĵ֮һλλȨ֮ʿһ۵ة࣬󽫾Ԫ˧
ǳУҲҪ㰲ţ˼Ǹӣ˵ܶ
ȵʶһ㣬ʼٸֵʱսѾõһͿ
νһŴ̾£淴ս׿Ťתģ
⣬һɹս֮Уɿ𣬼Ӵսֽ̡
巽һߣѱǿͣ޾ǿ󣬶ǹɹ޿κΣҶҾоǿ߳󣬵ǹԵľ巽ط棬߶ԣ֮ͬԻʹ֪ǹͼı죬Ȼı͵ǰԣ˫ȴͬ;еҲ޷
ͬ;ֱӵˡ
ء
Ϸء


֮ս־ԽԽأԽԽǻԽԽŭɶ
˫Ѿ𣬽ݱɲ֮
ʱƣҶҾҶ˻ûԳ֮⣬۷ֶѾַNΣвܴ֮ᣡ
ǿҲмޣվ򷨲ˣǿԹѵȻתս֣Ծø൱ۣ
ͬʱķطĸֶ飬Ҳڵ
ة䳾ĵսΪ֮žһ¡
䳾һȶ˹ɽң
˾ǿߣͬǣڰкȻײ
һʱʧɫضɽҡ
䳾
ɽңһ
ɽң
䳾ǳ˱塣
Ȼ֮˫ȴûɸ꣬˸Եĵ̡·ڽսĴҲձ˵С
ֻ˫˴˶֪ľսʱ̣Ҫ֮
˵Ȳεľս֮ǰڱΪӳٵʱ
ԴӿսڣʱѾȥ߸£
һգ巽ս֣ͬʱţ
Ϊ巽ۣѾ
ĸ֮ս


458 
ʲôԭֵۣǲ˰иʱ򣬶ͳͳĲҪˡ
Ҫֻʣһ㣬Ψһһ㣺һսѾ޿ɱ⣡
ҶҾ֮Ҷ߶Ҷ棬٣ΨҶ
صü˴һڿҲƺ˱˵
ľ
Ȼһ΢ʱ̣һͻıʣҲƵıը֮Ȼ󲨣
ܶڣͭɽ
һ죬˴ɽš
棡Ҫծծˣ
ҶЦƹһӹգʡ
Ĵţִһͬ飬Ա߸а˾Ѫģ塭
мųԶƮȥ
ҶЦһкϹˣ뻮һлɱڡ
զ
棬ӰԷ۵糸֮Ƽ
ȴûǰҶЦһӣϾʮŸ˺һӭȥ˲ʱ׵罻ӣ
߰λ𾳸֣ʮһӵϣΧйƿвһķŵһտΪȫ޷أ߾ȪߵϡͿ˵ĺͿ
˱Ҹ֮⣬ΪΧǵһ˵ȣǵȫӹ֣ʵҪ֮ϣ̫ˣֻ˵ֶԸ֣Χ࣬ԶΪʤʲôʱ𣬲𾳸߽ҲΧŹֶˣȻѾǲǼȥˣ糬ɣ
Ǿʮ˺Χй˳֣ȴЪһҲƵسɽϾȥ
;˻ǶΪ촷ۣࡣ
ҶЦһط棬žӦȥһһ̨ףٶݲȣŷѣֻ;ȴѾĿѪȡ
ܶڣפȻ٣˿϶еģҶЦһ·ɽȴһ˶ûм
ԭԶ׼ҶЦһǰ˾ӦŮ֮⣬ֵֻܻľλкԭֵܻΪߵʮˣԼнʮˡ
׿Ů㣬ҶЦڲֻһˣΪģȴҲѾӵвһˮ׼
֮˴ԹݣǱ׼ĲãҶЦĪλӽۼĳݣڵĹ󣬼Ǵɽѹ
˵ҶЦڿ֮ǰ֣µĲսս˴ѩޣ޹ؽ壬һнԾɱС˽ΪȣԷһˣǰ˳֣һˣǰ˳֣
Ŀŵ޳ǿԶٵĻսΪΪĶսȴ߹һ̹߾Ȫ
棬ľХݺ֮伤ҡ
ȻԷиֳ֣չƴ
ҶЦЯŮԾԲ̬ƻɽΨ̬֮䣬ԽԽĮ
ɽϴײս죬ԽԽǼңƺǧһǺ֣ƺƴ
ֻǣԽԽ٣ԽԽС
ȵҶЦֵϰɽʱ򣬸ɴȫʧȫˡ
һƬž
ҶЦɽ
ͭɽ֮ۡ
ҶЦһ̤ɽĮ̇ףĿһ
ţ׼ȷһ˵ǰһƬĺΰĽֻǴ˿һƬʮ֮˾ŶѾ棬ֻмһҲǴľҡҡ׹㻹ڡ
ĿУԼɼʬ壬ϪһŶѪ˳Ų̋һ·кѪˮδɢŨѪζ
ǰǰ˾ʮ˴˼Ȼվ̨׵棬ҶЦԶķֳӣվ
ӭݰ٣
Ϊ׵ˣĪƺн
˾ֽɫ԰ףѪȻƲᣬȻȫʤȴҲȫ۵ģȴ쳣ҶЦζ
Ƕ棬ˡ
һУŮ
һȾİ£Ǳ״ŬҪվֱӶڲԹĿ⣬ضһҶЦ
ŮҲκᷢңػţͬ۾ĶҶЦĿⱯԹ
棬ˣˡ
ܶ棬ˣڣֻʣڡ
ҶЦɢͷѪϵʵɱң
էĸ֣ҶЦͻȻʧȥ¡
ڿ֮ǰҶЦԼ˵ʲô
ΣҲ޽һɵ쵼ߣ
Ȼ˼ԼʤƣռϷ磬ʹ˫Ѫ𣬵أǸеġ
˫һ棬һ仰ҶЦͻȻʶһ⡣
⣬һ֪ߵغ񣬸ֵأ߻˵̫ӣ
ҲгǸҲҲе̡
ѾҪ
ˣ˳ʱ򣬾ţһ澳㼴һͿأֻǵ͵ɷʣ


459 ˰ɣ
ʱ㾹ȻΪ̫ӵݣܹס𣿡ҶЦҲɱ㣿ְ֣
ŭɱԣ
ҶЦһЦµʱˡԾԡĴ뷨
˼ʣԱߵĪ̲ס˵ˣ
ղţĪн֣һս֮࣬Ʒ棬ȴҲˡ֮иһսĴۣ
֮ԸôصĴۣܶɱǹ˼⡮̫ӡݡ
ǵɱ棬ѵ飬ĪԼͿԱ֤ˣǣҪ˵ı
ȴǺ쳾£κ˶޷ܵĺ
Ǵ˿̿ҶЦĿԽԽԵĮĪƵʱ֪ҶЦɱġ
ȴҪһҶЦ
ɱӵĺʹڵľҲδܹܵˡ
ҶЦͺȫûĪƵʾһ㣬ֻǿ棬һ˹ȥ
ᶨɣɭȻɱǰᡣ
ߵͻȻ˳ͨһڵϣΪͣٶصڸѪ죬ȴȫȻЩͷҶЦЦ㲻ɱҼҹӣ
ҶЦĮصľޱ飬Ȼ಻ڡ
ֻҪҶ˷飬ūԸⵣǵӴ˲棬ӻȥֻ̫֮ӣҲԣ˵ϣľǰ֮ɫ
С񣡡ĺȵվ˭¹򣿣ҶЦ㲻ƣͼøôѵǿƶĳٶ೤һӣɱңɱǾʮˣɱң
ǺţͻȻһĴЦ
ҶЦ˷ϮȻͻ˿ڣ߽ߣ㹻൱ӣȫʱ뿪
ȴʼ֪۰ܾѶȴԾš
Ϊ
̫ӵݣں쳾죬һ
Ҫ˵ҶЦһ֯ԣǰ׳٣ҲûеɱԼ
ȫա
ҶЦ˱ӵĹ󣬵
Ҿ㿴ңɱ𣿣
ӾˣȴıǮ
ղţĴֺΧйӣ˫ʵȴǱŪһԭǲҶԱɱ
һ㱾ӶʶƣôˣװʲôɷôװĲޣ
ҶЦҪ֪ʲôɰܣֱ紥ôһĿȻ𣿡ɫȻҰףȴһ־ӸµĿҹҵȫˣΣ滹ڣ
ҽѻ⣬ֻҪһڣģ֯꣬Ҿ½ʤһ
һǰĿĴ־ǱɣҶЦ֪Ϊβߣ
ҶЦĿɭΪΣ
Цڵ㣡
ңҶЦ˲ƣȻʧЦ
ǵ㣡ȴûЦ֪㲻ģѲˣһ֪ҪϾɱǾʮˡѪ֪㲻ŵ¡ʱļӪӪǳɹȻ
Ļᣬȷʵһ֣ȫ͸Σô
ҵ
һֵڸ֣жִҲˡ
֮ڿʼ֮ѾѪծѪԹ棡¶һЦݣҶЦҺļ֣ŬʵҾһᣬң
ҶЦʶصɴ۾·ɵһǰ档
ʱӣ
˰ɣ
þô˼飬ǿװ磬ôҰɣ˵ֻҪң֮¿ɵƽƸ¥аһͳϿʵΪ֮ǿ
Ҳ飬ŵΪҲվ֮ˣӵҪ֮ǰĹѾˣҪģҪ̫̫áҽľɽȴԼʱ³ͣǰҸǰҵ澳֮УΪƣΪǵģΪʲôأһӵģ͸ӵģ
뿴ֻҪȷôͱضΪ̫ӣ仰˵Ҳǡۣ֮
ҶЦζʲô𣿡


460 
ֻҪңɾҵĹҲǺݺݵͦһѣܵսˡҵһֵģ緢ʤȯյĵպةһְģ⡭һԸΪֵܣӴ˸εգΪۣһңͣ
һ־ԵţĳŵǣʵȨһ֮֮ϵңͣ
дЦ⣺ţҶǸˡҵĳ⣡
ˣҶЦȻʧЦ
ҶЦôΣҲòϣλ滹λ˲š
ԼղŶۣȻ̫ˣ
ҵĳ⣬ѾõԼ̫ӵѪˣԹǧܲӣ˵δ۵ĳŵة֮λĸ߶ȣҵ߳⣬ۻȡĺΣ
ϣǰ
аٷ֮һİտԴҶЦϣų˼صӹ֮⣬Ҳûκˣֿܹջ
ҶЦһԣܹüٷ⣬⣿

ϸ潫£ֵܻĻҲֵܻѾ˹ĸӹˡ
ԣջȷʵǾ޷ܵջ
ҶЦòϡ
Цˡ
ҶЦЦϸһϲɫҶֵܹȻʶʱˣ
ҶЦҡͷ̫ôģЦ˼ֻЦ̫٣øͣʵûɶ˵
Բһ㶣̫٣ͣҶֵܵθڲСҲ޷Ϊۣ£ʲôҸĴۣ˵ɡҪʲôֻ˵Ҹʲôŵ
ҶЦЦЦҪ㻹𣬾ʱĳǸ𡭡ΪҪ쳾졭ϵ֮λ㣬ô
ʱɫ䣡
һ̣ͻȻԼˣԼһ£һҪ飡
ԼӦߵġ
ԼӦðա
û뵽ҶЦȻҰģ
һȻҶԸˣҲǿѣǰԣӴ˶Թ壬ٲɽģˮ´μ浱۽
Ҳм֮ٳԾɰѳ˵˵á
ҶЦȻһЦ˵Σһѡ棬γɿգϸð·ǰ㶼ٺ˵һ仰һ֡
̼ſڣ㡭δ䣬ӶȻֱһ˲
ãȻͷȥȴԼ棬ȻһĽѪԼĺ󾱣֮оһ
ǽѾҵĺôãȻš
Ĵô
ɫ֮תΪɫĹҶЦĽϣȫȻʧȥ˺һغ
ͬʱһɰ̴ͷð˳ȻһС󣬿ҶЦȫǿ־壬ۼҪȥ
һɺ֮УȻ֣꣬ѸȻڶߡ
ҶЦ֮Уظܵһûʵ֮
Զ׼ԼϵͶӰԼԪֶΡ
ֻҪԪ鲻̴棬ƶǿ߶ԣ£գ
էֵԪ꼴ȴȻһõϵ룬˲ʱס꣬һ̣һĿռ䣬֮֡
סƺʲôȻ룬ǸصĿռ䡣
Ȼһ̣ȴһ˻է
һ˻ʵûκ֣ȴڳÿһ˵γ˺Хߺ졭
ҶЦЦЦߺ쳾
ֻɱ棬۵ͶӰȻѡǿɾδ̫ϧˣԾͲ͵ľ֡ҶЦһߺ쳾ıռ䡭ҲҪ޴ӣ
ˡ
ʬ壬ʹ˺Ȼ£۾ԲԲţĿŻɵգĿ

ռĶȴԷһϲ˷ܵĽ

˺ͺ˿浹ʬ壬˵۾˲ʱתΪҰû˰ɫʡ
үôˣ
үҪ۵ˣؾôˣ
ҶЦؿŮ
˽ҡ£ͻȻһЦߣһ߹û˷̡
ͻȻһ˵ĿһɫѪҺʹϢϾ
ͬʱ˵ֺͬһȻ䳾
Ůһǰһ󣬾Լ꣬Լһ
ҲҪС
Ȼͬһһȥ빫Ӳͬ;硭Ҫô죿
˵ֱֱ£ֻȻסͷǰܵݣԼ桭
ôǱ϶ϣ˿Ĵ˿̵࣬ҪΪס
˵£ȴڵأȻ󻺻Ŀȥͬ˽Ļһ㡭
޵ϣȻһ¶һЦݡ
ûˡ
ǰҺ˽ǣӿҡҡĻȥҲǡԸóˡ



461 Ǳ
ۿλɫ˾ô죬ҶЦվ˻ᣬ˵ͿλһķϣˣΪͬѨɡ
Ӧתͷⲻȥ˵˵ʬ壬Ȼ̾Ϣһһʱ䣬֪Ǹʲôζ
ʹ֪ҶЦĵˣֲɱȻ֪˴֮нⲻѪ𣬵ڿѳһ̣̲סͷɬͬ顣
Ů˰
ȴûĸдޱĸҶЦ˳ȥ
ٵͭɽ
ҶЦȻӣҪκһʬ壬ʬҰ
Ϊҵܹߵء

޽սϡ
ֲսޣϵͻȻһ漴ɫ͵תΪƣ׵شһһϽɫѪ͵˳
ʼһۣʹҸǼʱӦ䣬ǿһ֮£ոճڵϽɫѪ̻أһȴǴѧʣȴǿߣѸܴʹܴҲѵ³ȴѪϽɫѪҺ˿̾ͻѪѳɼȶʵܹѪ̻أѪȱԪˣܴȻԾ⣬޸ȴ°빦֮ȴζ޹ȱڵȱսΣ֮ʱ岻ȫһۣͬڤ;һ󲽣
ǿ̻³֮ѪѹƽϢ˻ϧϢʼѹƽȣ˽Ƭ̣ɫٱ䣬ѪõϾһƬѪ졣
£
Ⱥǹʶ֮β֪֮ЩëȻ
ȹؼʱ̣ͻȻĪܴһش
ƽʧܣɫɽתҰܣȴɣϢƽƣ֪ǲٶͷڷۿɼٶȣѸٱð߰
ˣ澹ȻˡȻر۾Ȼľޱ飬۽ǼĶȴȻ۴˿̬ʧ״¶š
䳾֮£һ
û˵ͷȥٶ˹Ϣ
û˵ԼˣԼڶϵһ˿ԪȻҲնϣˣ

ǿԼһ˿갡
˵ʽԼԪ꣬ȫܵ˾޴Ĵ
νѪȱ岻ȫֻս棬Ԫꡢ߽𣬷ǵԼƾռʮ֮һԼΪҲһƾ½ʮ֮һ
ȴսʱ̣ͻȻıʡ
Ȼû˵ʲôʹȴȻ֮ɫƺеһ˿֮ס
ţ˵һ⻰쳾죬ӵ֮˭ǿ̫棡

ɱˣ׹ӳĬעŴİѩ
⣬ԼµһѾܳΪһƬ֡
ѩУͷӯӯ⣬Ƕǡ
ɱˣҲһĬ
˶֪һ¼
̫ӾȻɱˣǵһغ
ʵ̫ˡ׳һäĿΪҶЦӴĽ죿ӣ˭
𣬵ȴƱػӿҶЦĲҲýһ׼ˣ
ɫЩ׹ӵķԸӦһѸٵķԸȥ
֪ܹҺҶЦͬʱоǱ֪᲻е԰أ
׳̾˿
Ȼ԰׳Ļʾ⣺⻰˼ǣ
һҶЦһǴͭɽɽλÿʼģֱӽٹܲ
׳üģٶ˵ˣҶЦھ͸ɵ档֮ʱԹս˱֮⣬ԭʵ
ģֻй󣬲汾ˣ
ʵϣһҶЦӵ̫̫Ļߣ׳ߵúܴݣԴߵһУϾҶЦʱ䣬Ĳ٣
ǡ治֪˵̫̫棬̫̫쿪
ȻҪùȫ̸ĽҶЦԣһ۽е󣬾Ϊ˼֤һȫ⣬ԴΪڣõһɣҶЦ̸
ùȫ̸𣬻ԼĶΪ̸еĳ⣬һ̸Դδݣŵĸ߹ٺ»֮λȡҶЦ鸽
һơ̸жҶЦ˵ĻҲѾɹˣԽ׫дһƪ棬ھ澳תƵĴ档
ֻϧҶЦܹκ֮µĽɫ
ҶЦôױշôʲôʱֵõ棿׳̾˿ԭò۵Ĵۣн
ԣҶЦʱҶЦ͵ͬȫû·Ѱ·Լ·߾


462 
κˣкܴӦƫƫҶЦܡ
Ǹʱ򣬾ҶЦĶԣδھɱ棬ǾҶЦԼҲѡˣ
ʦﱼϮѵץסȴɱҶЦԼͳǧЦԣԼ˾·ҲҶЦƵ·ˡ
䣬˾ļ˶λڷҳеԭľλȻ޴棬Ϊλı֮СʵѾ޿ģΪԱҶЦȳøֶΣҲһ
ڵĺ쳾ѾǸ״ҿǰҶЦһζţҶЦĳΣǰĿ궼ͻһ
ʵΪ֮λҶЦôܾ濪
ⱾѾһۣ
սĿ꣬ȻΪõ£ҶЦڵʵô΢Դɱһ̿ʼֻţѾԴսս֮У
ȻˣĿһҪʤ
ʱ򣬾ٲǰľƱҪս֮еõĺôΨˣżսֵһ֮
ҲһҲҪȴս֮еõ൱ĺôһ֮
ȡ洦ʱ䣬ԭ㽫֮һ֮ҵļȶƻ֮Уһ֮󣬲޽巽ضòӣ߶ǿߣࡣ
ڡߵǸʱ巽֮Ѿһǡλ۱ѾԳֲ֪ٴΣսȫ¶
ΨеǸʱ򣬲ռ˵ʱҲǵǳֵʱ̣Ǹʱκһڼɵ֮࣬ıΪУΪʵӰʤؼ˫ҪˣΪ˫ĴҪˣɽˣϵҪˣҪˣبŲս
׳ҧҧþѾֿɵãΪ֮ıҶЦٲ⣬ֻܼǰһ·ߵڡɹͳʣǵֳ©£ҶЦȥƴȴֻȱ
ǲȱĻҲûʲôҶЦ֮ǰսڣҶЦĵˣ֮ߣϣԭѾսȡ棬Ʊزӣ֮ˣҾͱҪ򣬱Ķ״֮С
ȻһھͲȥǣԤʱǰһ꣡
ԣҶЦæңҲ˴ֲ
棬˼ʳıһ´ս˰˷ۣƽǰң
׳ЦһȻҵı֡þ춯أԶ
׳˵ڻЩƲס̲סݺݵ˿ĭҧгݵһ䣺ģ
ĿɿڴмȴǴûм׹ʧ̬ˣ̫ˡ
׼ɡ׳Ҫ⿪зӡȫ̷⡣ǡҪԼʵܹ߼ޣ
ûϾΨӲս½
׳һһ˵һ˿ŭ
׳ϲģӲս
еսԣǲս֮ĻƸ꣬ΪԼƶ
ɫ֮ʶߣǰ׳ƽԸ
ǷƸ¥Ӳʽ̬ҶҾֵܻʱʼմڴҪλãҪ̴ǰ£ȻûиȥӦԴҪˣ˻ģշƸ¥棬ǰ״ҲһƸ¥߶ս֣ҶҾ巽ֻб˴ˣγὫһƸ¥УƸ¥ɽӣ׳׳֮ϵĸ߶ȣǰ׹ӼȶһʱԶ滮
ζû뵽ԼƽһӲȥȻΪһɵƵ˼棡
䣬ҶЦսҶЦƱزԼھԼҲƼȶƻս浶ǹս
Ϊ˵Ĵ˶ƽ⣻Լòȥָоڰ׳˵ֱ޴ܣ

ͭɽҶЦͬһ
еĴѶһһĽ顣
֮У𣬻˵Ҳ֮
Īƴ˿̸ҶЦߣȵɫ亱е֣ҶЦʲôȻ֪ġߵزĪҪҶЦԼҲҪ졣
ֻ˻ܵ˻𣡣
˭õһλλȨص̫үȻܴȵز
ȫȻûԤ㵽ԷԶɱĿԣűɱ
ҪΪ
ˡ


463 ȸɵ죡
ˣһҪʲô
Īɬʵ
ҶЦתͷԼİ˶ӡ
һս֮󣬻һˣȻǰ֮ǰûмӦڵġȫֻ˵ĴۣΪ棬һܹ⣬ս˵ǻԻ
ʱ˿̣ÿ˶һս⣬أڲֹ
ȻҶԼ޽һһսݣδ֪˵ɱΪ̫ã跢֣ʲôģս֮࣬ս⻹ЩƲס޲ܹˡ
ֱ޽
ҶЦϣȻѾˣǾ͸ɴǴصĴ֮УֱӺᴩȥ

Īһ
Ʋߣ·ߣֱӾǵĹ˷֡
ȻҪôҪף
Ҹν룬ȻѾû·עҪ뵽һս֮Уô͸ɴҵķʼС
ҶЦ˵ô³Ϊǰ·ϵĵһᱮɡˣҲԵ̫ӵͷԼŵĿӵ֮
ҶЦ¶һԳЦ⣬쾡¡
ĪƵк֮Ȼ
ǰ·ȻѾⳡʶô˵ķʽȥԣһǰ֮·ɣ
˻ҶЦ仰һƬЦ
ڽƮʱҪ
ȻҪ£Ȼ
ô
Ϳ˭ȽϲһɡĪƹЦ緢ֵܻʮ֮׵ĿȻɡ
˵úãҶЦһЦ֮ǡ
Ī˵һ㶼ûϯ쳾ս֮УΪȻҪģȴǸҪһ档
˵޴ɵƣĲ޴
ֻҪĵ˲ҶЦ㻻һˣĪơӽϴӳǿߣδز᳼棬٣浱涯ɱ˵޴ֻʶ˲ӹߡԴûʲôϵֻܸ̾һ䣬ʱҲҲҲ
بǡ
һˣǸĳǿߣ
ֻҪջҸŶȡʤģǾǿܹԼ¹ȵ
˵
һͳ£ˣ֮ǰ
ҶЦͬһ磬ȳ˳ȥ
һ£ǵ˵Σ
ã

ͬʱ
ŵҶҾһȴĸоղŻͻʿ֣߰Ҳ֪أսһ¼˺ܶ࣬ʿ
Ҳû˻յ֮ƣ
ҶҾ֮Իи翹жǿ󣬶ǿߣֻҪݾأҪһѵ飬ڴʱ˿ʹνʾյֶΣ˳Ц
ڵ֮ɱɱһ֮󣬸ǳ׸ˣǰָӵة䳾Ȼʱ򣬲֪ȥ
ѹָһȫȻûָӸսĸоƳ˼󣺡С䳾ɲëͷСӣʲôᵼȻʱָӸλĹطԶûκνǡ
ĿһǴ췢ʲô£
һԽԽǿܡ
ȫԱＯս죡һХ𺳳գʱʧȸɵߣ
ƵľϣνնץסսĶϤһ̾ţ
Żκ˴˼ֻ¶Ҫԥһ£ʹҶЦ׳ڴҲδܹ˵ϣȴɶûгһ£ڸ֪оʲôʱֻƾһֱֱӷ˺Ҫ֪Խ޴ң˱Ӧǹɽңָλá
ȱҴɣſУ
˷׷Х졣
߶֮ˣǿƳоһӰӣֻһȫʧȴѪٳ
µһɱ֣ҲǱͻս֮С
һ⣬ͬһâ貶ĿӲֱĻֺ뽣ɽֱ֮С
һǱ̺𲨣ӿ˰ٴ㺣Ӫ֮С
һƬҶȻӳնԣ߶ͬʱֵƥƣǰ
ƺΪʼ޾Ҷ̲Ƴӿ飬ǵأޱߵ֮УƬƬϼ㿰صɷȻʢ
߶ֺϻʢһУ
Ҷ̣ӳպɻ죡
ֻӳպɻı죬ȴǰȾɣ
䣡


464 
֮кȻը
źĢƣڣԼ֮ɢ֮󣬼˰޽䳾˧ŭŭ֣ȴžҵ
ȻֹɻԵĹ޷ȫƣҲҪʧ͡
ϧڳĶǿԶֹ߶ҶҾ涸ȻֲʮŸâ뵲ǰе·ϡǿ֮Ŀǰս˲ʱ
˴˶ʮǰ϶֣겻ʤʱջ֣һ»Ӫ֮Уʱ˲﷽Բĵؽ磡
϶ǲսϸ߿սҪ˼޹䳾ŭȴֻڵս㼶սڴ֮нСѪȳ̶ȿ֪
һɾɢȥعҲ˾ʹ˱һԶǸһƬѪˡ
ǣգ޳ܣ䳾꣬ǵصĽܻŭ
Цս֮伫̣֮ôг޳ܣ
һߣӪŰĹɽңһХ䳾ۿžҪɽǵأѲͷڹꣿ
һ𣬼ս˶Ϊ֮ĿԶԡ
⻰ǻڡ
ȴѾٿǰңʱܱɽһͿء
ޱڹȥ
Ѿʱ޾Ȼ֣ʵ˵ȥģ
Ȼ΢ʱ̣ʾһԻͽ⣬˲ʱա
һĹ⻪ȵյҪǿǧٱ
ǧٱ
ԻͽƲ£Ѥ֮ǣһ޻صľƣӵص׵磬ԳѾһƬڵӪ
Χʼһ·Ʋɵǿʹͻ
һѵ˼쳾棬ʽսһǿ
֮Уһû֮ƺǾͻȻٵ쳾޽ս֮ϣ
һƬǿһ޿ƥУ޿ɱĻԻͽ⣬ɽ鱩һֱϮ죡
µأΪ
ҶЦһݺᣬѪŽһȻ߽ɡ
ˣŹĺΪ
һƬ׳ϹսӣǺһ˶ľ޽
˵߶ӳպɻ죬Ѫ̵ô޽Էϵأ
ȫ£һ
ҶЦǴ˽Ľ⣬оӦڰ֮һȣݺأ
ҶЦ״θо֮Ϊ߶ߵѹǴݿ࣡
ͷﾭ˵ʲôɱ˲Ѵ֮ƣ˼ȴʵѰֻ֣һܴ˿
˼ڰҳɱȻûκܹסҶЦһ
нĪΪ棬ʮ磬һ·Ű

ҶЦͻظоȻһһһѪȫ׵ؿ⻹ֹϣѪ罦
ҶЦ˾ȻһѽȻҶЦľ֮ǰ⻹ҶЦԴӳ֮УΨһһЧ赲
ҶЦ׶ܴ죬ЦһԲ˵ãڲգգ۵ĵָʱʮŽ
ԷһУͼӰµ֮࣬ʤ׷˽ҶЦȴ뵽ҶЦ˶ǣ˷ҶЦһָĴ򷨱Ƶֻܱмܣ
ҪǣҶЦеľǲ˵쳾Ҳеڶ֮棬ԷΪʵʹǿܹԱԪ彣˸Ƶȵͻ֮£Ըɡ
ԷмҶЦĵھʮʱﵽޣšꡱһʹ˶ѣʣµľŽȴҶЦԼҲղסͷȫ˵ϡ
˵ʱҺ춯ء
ֹڴˣ˻ھʹ꣬Ͼ˵ʵΪʵҶЦ֮ϣһУشҶЦʵɼһߣȻоŽֻ˶δֻǻԪƣ̫ص
;ӦһһҲβŮҶЦϳ˵׵ƷشԪƣȴֺֿܵŮΧˢˢ˵𣬽ԴҲ˰գҲ÷˲䣬顱һѪ
ʬ޴棬ɢٲ
ҶЦһȵشѪ֮һ֪Լµ˵˭
ĵΧ֮£ҲûʱȥǡֻǸоһ£
Ψһ֪ĽУ˵ΪҪԼ֮ϣҪ߹Լֹһ


465 ȥ
Լھ޽λãΪһ񲻿ɵǷӳϼ֮Ӳ壬һԼ屶ɱǰ˾ȻܹססһӴ˲ͷشԼ
ֱǲ˼顣
ԼռܣԴԴԼƴıԼľ˺üȼһӲƴĺܴԼ
ǿԼƶֹڳϵ£㵲סԼʮŭ
ԷȫֻǳԿڽϣ
ԼǾŽڶԷȫ£ҲδܵԷֻƵ˶ԷĻԪ;Ӧ˫˫Ǹ˵Ҫأ
ҶЦֱȥϰռ֮⣬أԸоԼ亹乡
˭Ϭ˹
ҶЦ룬ŲȴһҲûͣ
˼ʱսΣԥһ˵Ӳǧȱٵľһٱ˵סԼö˵ļͷô˶ǧİΧ֮УһֱΪֹ
˧
˵ľִУҶЦ֪Լ¡Ů֮µǸ˭
ֲöȡ֮֮˵㡣
˾㾳ǿߣĴ֧֮һ׵֮еĵ䳤գ
ΪĴ֧֮һڴӾ˵ʱ򣬱˹֮£䳾ŭǳǵȫȻãԷ·磬ǧȺףʷֱʱܱɽһͿأԭڴ߻ĵ䳤պΪҲֳֻܷһָӴΪ֮
䳤߲Ÿոճûüǰսȴǰ澡ǻң߶ҶҾɲĹѾŭ֮ơ
䳤ǲڽսȦΪۺʵĹϵֻ䳾ŭһݽȥľ棬мڴ˵תָӴȶģʹӪ̣ոշ֮࣬ȴȻֳҶ쳾֮⣬ȻһɳɵĶǿƳ֮С
֪ͣʵǿ䴩սǿϮսսӵ᧿ΣȨ֮󣬵䳤Ѹ˾ϣҶ쳾ԼĴ֮лϵĻô¾ͻ˳쳾ʷ̨ˣ
Ե䳤ձѡֻӭҶЦһˣ
ֻ䳤ջǺĿҶЦһаˣȻҶЦһ˵ʵνǿҲָ˭ȣǶϲ𾳸֣ʹǲ۷֣˼Ҳ϶棬ɵ䳤ʲôˣǿʵʵ㾳ǿߣ˴˴һλ׵Ĳ죬Ϊߣգ
ֻҶЦͬҶЦһ·ɱĿǵоȻɱú޹˼ɣ
䳤ΧȴȫѾûչٶȣԾֻѡӰս䣬ΪҶЦνǿ⣬ƺȫԽҶЦǱߣ
һжڵ䳤յԤ֮УȻڵһʱҶЦǰ֮ƣشҶЦ
ȻȴǽӶĳ֡
ֶսͼɵǿɵвƫҪУӲӲս޻ȡɿԣǿʤ˲ܣУ
ڵ䳤յԤУҶЦʵҲԲף᲻Լѻ֮£Ҳͣ٣ģҶЦķӦȴǲ˷˵ķʽչ񹥣
ֿȻ䳤⣬ȴҲǲµģ𲢱ǵ䳤ּսʽҶЦоķϬ̶ȣȴ󳬳˵䳤յԤϣ
û뵽Լкųƺ쳾һĳƷȻڶԷһּ֮±ˣ
ѽ٣ʱ˵䳤մ޷صı磡
էȻʧȻ޿ɱĳִֻҶЦµŽ˫һλ׵Ĳ࣬䳤Ը滤ԪƣȻ󡭡
ȻǾӦŮǲ
ԣ䳤ˣҶЦӦһɱ֮£
䳤úԩʵƾˣԶʤҶЦĪ˵ֻҶЦӦҶЦһ˺ΧҲδжʤ㣬ȴĲԩҶЦľߺһѾ˺쳾бļ
ҶЦûԸ˵֪ôһƥ棡
һԽȻһλ㾳ΪƷ
Ѫ
䳤յȴҲΪ˴սĵ
Ӧάľѩϼ˪䳤λú㣬ӿ
ǵɽңǱоܵѹһСࣻҶЦ߸ӵ񲻿ɵң
˫ڳǰҵĳ桭
䣡
˵ٶ䳾ŭͬʱˣ˵ͬ߷һ㣬ȥۿȥ˷췽ѾһɢɳĲбܽøϡŹֵǱӴܷʽ˴Ĵȥ


466 
һ⺷Ȼ֣ɨн;·Ҿͷһ֧˶飬̳֮У
էȻϣǳһ⣡
ҶЦҲ⣬̫죬ӪΪҪ˵ҶҾǲܳƾѻҶҾҲͲûˡǱգգ۾һ㯲⣬ȫ֪ʲôʱҶҾͬˣ΢ʱ̳ս⡭
ҶЦҲһϸֳ̾ҵ飬һ·ɱδо췽Ĵǿᣬûʲô֯õóֵĸֶûԭҶ߿񹥣ҳ߶ȼ۷ǿߡ
ˣ֮ǰԼŮ˺ϻɱʲô˧ٶһ·ģսֻ¾Ҫת
ҶЦû̫ϻԹһЦλǰأ
漴һһȵشһʼȥ
ƹɽң˼״ҲһЦ෴ķ򣬿ɱȥ
ϰλ𾳸ֿɱǱʮλ㾳ִżʮλ𾳸ֿ壻˫Ǻ췽óô۷ݳ赲
Ǵͬھͬս֣Ҳ޼£ͽ̾κΣ
˫β֮е״κ㲻֮䣬˴˶֪£쳣ˣ
ٴչҶЦѹһɣȴٶͻΧĴӪѾȫһࡣ
һϡõࡣ
Ľʿӡ
һսѾľ꣬ȫ飡
νɢɽһͿزǣ
ҶЦͷعЦһ漴ǻؼң
һɱֽţҶЦһ·û¶һﳤȥ
ȴҶЦŮ֮ʮ߸ˣҶЦģֻðʮˣ
ҵĴսֻʮˣҶЦȻԾɲϧȴǾýˣҲ˷ܡ
սܲˣ
һصĹٷսһ̣˶ȫûڴ˵Ĵ㣡
ȻϹֻһ˵ǧ֮سɱ⣬ȴֻǸô͵ĴۣսѾ㿰
˸߹ٺ»׼˾µ׼
Ҳ׼
Ҫܸ߹ٺ»ٻ󹫺ͱҪĴۣ
ս£
֮
ۣҪõҫֻǳ룬Σ
ǻţܣˣĿ
쾭壡
بǣ
ˣѾվ֣Ǳ߼Ǳɽȫˡ
ֵʵ̫죬һ˭ķʽͻȻͻˡ
ޱ˸ʼնû¶棬ֱӱܾЯţһ·
ķضûгԮѡɽۻһǲ۵ʲôҩǳʲô飬أҲҪܾ˵ͷ
֮ⳡҶҾ컹оս־ôĽˡ
ҶҾһȫʤ
սⲢǴ¡巽ߴϵĶ˵ǵȻѾܲȴֲֵһСɫ
սһսĺȴ˶Ǵ۾
ɺϣ
һǴɣȴһо˳µɺϣ
Զ󿪣쿪ҪշȫȻ˼ߣȻҶЦֻѡʱɱ棬ϴ۵ҶЦж̬ɫûãҰ˵ķʽ˺ˡ
ɺϣص˵һ޴ʧһݾ޴ʹ࣬걻һһһ顣
ʱ򣬲Ǿ޶ûʱ߾ȥˡ
Ȼʱ߶ҲܴɵطʽǿĹ˺ѡ
ƽĶۣ߶ˣֵʱҲûԼһ˵ɵս˻Ի͡
ʼûгƽϢңתս֣Ҷ쳾Ѿ׼ֻҪ޳֣Ҷ쳾ͻ֣Ǹˣ˵һѪδ߱ۡ
û֣ҶЦʱǿɱ˽
ҶЦԼ˵ģȻܲô˵ķʽȥ
˵ķʽȴɲɵѡһ˵ʱ
ҶҾԴ췢ܹ
Ҷ쳾֮۷弶ĸֻȫˡ


467 ĩ·
ǱߵĴȴܳսǵսҪ췽ʵǿȫΪȻҲܲμս
ݰ޷ģ׵֮Ҳһˡ
һ֮ԭܹӦ߶ȼĸֱӦʮϣվֻ䳾ͷŭ֣ǿǿԿ֮Ȼʧ⣬޴ӡ
ҪǣԭָĴ֮еĵ䳤գȥȶģһȥϡͿض
ôɺϣ֮Ĳβܣ˵ıɽ
ֻʱʹ۴˿ͬʱ֮УҲδѾɢľģ
οķ۸Ͳȣǰ״巽֮ҶҶʦ˴֮ڼǰ£һλλλۣ߾ּɣһҲǲԵģ
ⱾǵУûԶѻߵˣܹԶģֻ棡
ս֮Ŀǻ
ĿĴйŨ
ȴڷʬ塣
ԭǿ߻Ǹ֣ˣֻˣֻʬ壬ʬ̫࣬ҳʱûĻҲ֮
ߣΪǿʬͲ⣡
췽Ĵ¾ǳƲ
˷ܱνһ֣߶ĹΧôƴҶЦİôǶսʿʮ֮һ٣̤֮߶˻˵Ļ뿪ˣȴʮ֮
ʣûߵıʿҲǾ֮
Сӳһ紵ݶҪʱŵ׼
ӻộ
䳾ͷŭѪ
Ϊǵǰ״ѪʵʵĴڴѪ
˵֮ǰӦս߶ˣδ
һսǵ˵žһ⣬Ҳս֮ͻȻֵѪӴɱȻ־ѻ
쳣ء
⻹Ѫһ֮󣬾ʧˡûгչɱ˿Ѿɥһ֮У
ѪӵʧȻһۼĴةࡢԪ˧ǳսԮ֣ԼĶģ˼ǽǰ֮·ŵԼҶϴԼֵϣƶϳһࡪʣ˳ų棬۱ֻʲôԾĳֲܶ״
Ǻ
ĳֱ۵ıչ֮ҪһնףӴ֮¡ɱһۡĴ˵
ò˵ĳ˵Բʵˡ治Ǿֹ䳾ŭˣ̫ˣ԰ѴĶʵȫۼԼ߻ݣڣĴ֮һΪȻ֣ʮҲǷ׷ײΧݣĪ˵ѪӣҶҲδֺãҪǣһ֮࣬ٻָһȻ͵ϮһƴѪӲҷ𣬴ѪӴܡ
ָǰѿõҾ֣ҲֻгˣȫȻûа취תơ
һֱ˳˵֮⣬ʱŷַ׵Ĵ֮ĵ䳤û
䳤أ

䳾ŭͬʱͷǱݡ
ֻǿ˵ɫ޾֪˽
һͻȻ֡ۡһһϽɫѪ
һ֪ϤѶ֮ʱһ㣬ͬ㴴ϼˡ
ѳɰ߰׵ͷһƬױѩס
һ̣λõһۣɫ֮䣬ãȻ
䳾ŭ԰׵ɫԼǷ֮УԼҲʮ궼ûмˣ˵ĴĿġ
ꡭʮλֵһ续ɽô棬ǰǰʮһѾԶҶȥʱգұΪٲֵ뿪ͬѣҲǿԹġ
޲԰ɫ⣬վҲȥˣΪҡΪҵԵʡ
⼸һȻ޵Ļеǵ¡
ҵ֮ԴԸ֮ǰѪ֮ʣ֡ʱڣѸ޷֡ɫ䣬һΪĻ䡯ĸоȻӿͷ
䳾ŭ߶֣оΣ̧ͷ䳾
Ƕ֣䳾ŭͬʱ¶һŭɫ漴̾˿
Ƕ֣޵أ̼ǵ䳾ܹѹɽңһͷġ
˵ľǵ˼ҹɽңѹһͷ˶ڣֻ¾Ͳֹϵһˣ䳾ɬ˵
һ£֮󣬿Цҡҡͷ̾ϢӦõġ
䳾ŭһȻ
ΪտǣֻҪ뻹ʲôǲ׵ġ


468 ҶЦ
߶κ쳾ʮнĿľΪ֮ʱһսԼʮУȴǾʳ»߹ٺ»λȨءɱᡢԳ棬̬ϣѾȲˡ
У˼߶ʮųɾžŵʱ䶼ڱչǱ޿ޣԼ˾ųɾžŵʱȴæ֮飬ڸλҪܵһ̯֮⣬֡йĶǣ飡
Ȼÿ˶֪Լĸ֮ڣȴԼΪǵǿߣѾ˾磬иһʱҲûйϵģһˣʮǣǣǧǣûһܹ߶һչؾǼ꣡
꼸¶У
쳤վõʮλܺͶԷͬһϣ
δսˣҳϣͷɫһŭΪ죬䳾ǺúˣȥҽҶҾɵ
˵ǡҶҾ
ǣ
Ȼսˣǡ֮ҶҪĴۣȴҲҪģ
Ҷ쳾Ҳܾô˳˳ģʧشҵĶ
˭ҲУ

ҶҾӪկ֮ǰ
ҶЦһϮƮƮվӪկ֮ȴһƬɹ
ҶЦŴ֮ɱԴɱ٣еʥԪ֣ϵԹ͵ñѹɫ߸ɴֱ˹ȥ
תλҶЦã
ղŵһ仰ӪկǰΪ׵ļλҶҾо˳İ
ҶҾĴӪ˵սָҶƶˣǡ
̬ҪҶҾϵҶƶںεأ
ĿˣĿӣĿĺĿһлôأ
ҶЦôӦֱ׳˳µİѻ˵ԥɹ˼ɣ
֮еҶƶűɫ࣬ȴֺް취
үӵһ˾ؿҶƶˣûеȵӦйүӿڵȻƶ˹ûбķԸǾͳȥһѡ
Ҷƶɫ任һ£ǿЦӦõӦõģλǰȥ޷
ү̾˿ͷӦֵͬʱ߳оʣ˴ӣҡͷѡ
ѵνҶǣôױ˹ɣҶƶ˵ĸֻԶԶү̾Ϣ
ҶЦǰȻԼ߸ˣֻҪԼ߸˵ĻαҪ
ʲôʱʲôطܼ
ֱ˽Ǹã˶̨
˹İݷãǸҶƶ˴˫ѺûĻᡣ
Ϊ˴֮仹ǺнģҶƶҲܹҶЦľ֮
ˣʲôԭģôҲӦóȥһɣ
Ҷƶƫƫѡ˲
ΪҶЦġ

Ӫ⡣
ҶЦλϼ֣һ漴ֳ΢Ц
λϼҶЦĿ⣬ҲһƬӡ
ΪòһҪԼ˳СһѾɳΪһ뢣
ѾԶԶԼߴλ֮ϣ
Ѿӵ۷ͥͷ
Լ˿νۿһ𣻿һССģֻü˵ĲɣչʱգΪ֮ҲϺŵһ·ۣ
ʱԼ˻أ϶˵һͷɣҪҪֶֶΣΨһǷȱĲʵѡ
һ֧Ǳɡ
ǰԼ˶ûпû˵
ȴû뵽ǣǰֻüʱ䣬λСѾɳΪľްԣ
ΪԼƶ֮ϵĴ
ǰ󷴲֮̾Ϊֹ׾̾
ǵʱܹٲҪһ㣬ͽŵǸҶھֻǸʲô״أλвͬʱͷȴҲͬʱлһ̾
ǲܵģ
Լˡʼ߶ĺ˰
λ˼ңþòҶЦº͵ЦţΪλ˼ҽܣλоӦţҵġӡ
תͷ;Ӧ˵ţλ˼쳾֮󣬶չˣ
;Ӧ
λүӼæ
ʲôЦ
һŮÿһϢǺ纣ֺɽ۷弶ĳǿߣ
ʵԼòҲԼϼʶɣ
ǿԼ
⡭ҪɷԼ𣿣
ҶЦĽܷʽȴ˫תΪСԼŮԼصĳһ㣬ٶλж̲סһůһ̣һֱڻĸо
Ҷң̶̼꣬ƽطףѾһֻԹۣౡ֮
үԴѣ꣬ȴһο㡣


469 
ҶЦһЦһǰҪĿȻǸлλ˼֮ǰİΡҶĳҲСгɾ͡ԡĶһЩ
үӵǰһ漴ȴ̾һ
ҶЦݸһЦλүӻᣬҲǸ˼ҵ˼ǡһ´ս֮УʲôܹΪλүЧ͵ģ벻߷ԸǧҪڵ滹мֵġǼЩиͷȣġţǱˣ߲ܣƣһʤ߼
үӵȻ̧ͷһʱ䣬˫۾ͬݣ
ҶЦⷬȴͻ𣬱ﲻһȴλүӸлġ
νͷƣдʣ͵ڸλүӣеط߷ˣԼˣԼṩһսҵĳȻ
´սҾ֣߶ǲһªҡ
ǸոջôʤҶҾﻹǴڷǳԵġƣ
˵ʱԱǴһʼѾ
㣬Ҷ߶ڶ㿴ˣֻǶЩһеĸ߶˴ڡȻǿԲںģǣүӵȴܲں
ѪСЩ߸˼Ųµ顣
ҶЦڴ˸ŵͬǸ׵֮
ܵҶŵˡĿ
үᣬ
ҶЦ̾Ϣȴûϵ
пܣҶЦλ˼һӻҶЦԼ֪ǲܵġ
λ˼ҵ⣬ѾҶҾ
㲻ҶЦܸıģ
˷ݷ֮ĩҶЦλ˼ҵУдһȻȥ
ĪƵ˶ʮˡ
⼸ʱǽ뾡һа취Щˣͳͳߣ
ؾ󣬴

һƬ֡
߶ĬĬؿҶЦȥķ򣬶Ǽž
Դ֪ͼ

ܵôϷһ׮¡
ϺοЦ⡣
Ҷ쳾ҶЦңңԶȥķȴϻο
ߣһ׳˶꣬һλµҲھĹӡ
磬СӾѡˣ׳˶ҡҡӣ꿦
šɣҶ쳾΢΢һЦ
лУݣЩ裡׳˶һЦ
ʲôѵҪײϲܽкãˮʣܹڻһһ㣬ֻϧһſ˵ȴֱǺ׳˶ֱۡ
˵áզܸô˵أҲ׳˶ͷһ
һʲôãɩӣ
׳˶Ŀɿڴָͷ㡭תͷҶ쳾һƬյ硭˵㵱ôͽѾͷ˷ôҺ̧ͷôҲǴ
һֱҶ쳾ĸ첲׳˶ƲƲͬ壬вҪõĻ˵
׳˶ʱƿԡ
Ҷ쳾ȴǹЦ
׳˶룬ͻȻգ˵磬ҿҶЦЩһֹʶ
Ҷ쳾ü˼һ£ƺ仰ĺ壬ҡҡͷҡʲôġĸԵͱҪö࡭
׳˶ͷʵʵ˵ϸ롭ҲȷʵȻ߶һһǡǽֵܣš˼ҶЦȴյĶŮƾոһ
Ҷ쳾Աߵİɫͬʱˡ
һ̣籩էȻ
׳˶ĲҽУ쳹춯أҲˡ硭ɩɩɩӡҽɩ㻹򡭡㻹
ȻѾˣΪβףλүһأʵ
˭ҲߣΨλүһߵġҶЦ̾һΪǾֻʤҲáⱾˣҲҶǣ
֪
ν֪ǰֵǸ֪
ӦĬ˺þãϧˣ
ҶЦһۣҶҾȫʤһͿأߺ죬֮ȻڽڶҶҾԵķˣҽĪƵȶʮŻټǵãÿڵ
ҶҾҶƶһ߱ˡǵܹȳ˰ɡ
ҶЦ˱۾ֻǡܹ˲̫࡭
һŭʬǧʮԽûг裬зˣȻ˵ֶΣ״¾ˣģҶЦҲвֹۣ


470 ս
߶һԮֵĻǻ߿Ծ¸ˣһΡʹоǸһ֡ҶЦüͷ˼һᣬһ֡쳾˵ĳĺо
ѵʮ󣬴֮Ҷֳ徣ν֮ʱȻԱβӦ˵
Ҳ˵ʮ󡭡ǻġҶЦһֵȻĲı䣬Ըɣ̬ȴԾɻȥϵòӡ߶Ϊ浱Ȼǲκģڵһ϶֮ϣȻеþʧ֮ȻҿЩ϶ǵʵȻ̬ȴҪǺõ̫࣬߹ٺ»λȨأֽԣΪһϰľ޲ɢϯȴгԲĲȣܲĻ֣æµĹ߶¿ĥ£ȻУҲǺܵ˵ľ棬ǲɣòӵ߶·硭
ʱѽľܳأȥġ֮УëͷСӵ¿ʼǰ飬ڸĿܡ򡭡ǲɣľȥǵľͷ
ӦЩ㯣Ȼ⻰ô˵ģ˶ԣԽȻԽŵľԽΪȻȴ˵
ҶЦһЦ½мޣิǣǳ̵ģȻһ£һˣһ겻ϣԼӣˣһӾգüƤ׷ߵͷһʲôо
ľһһεƷζ֮˻ὥٸҽӴָ飬ȫĸ顭
ͬˣĿԼĶӳȢӣȻӳ󣬶ӶϱԼֻԹۣЩ֮ҲҲżķصԽԽ󣬷ΧԽԽ㣬ΨԼһ˳ڣһʲôо
ֲɣޱ߹¼ţ൱šȴԽκκ׳־ĥ飬νģ׷룬룬߲ë֮ᡭ
Ӧ˵֧ǵģֻһѡ֮Ҷֳ徣ν֮ʱҵһսȺΪ֧š
ڣ֮ҶȻ֣ǵѾõ㷢ʹսԣʤܣǶ̫ϣ磬ڡ
ҶЦ̾һ

ս
ڴ֮ǰڸλзŲϺŵСС֯ҲЩ׵ҽֶεСȻһսȴ˶Ŀ࿴
ᣬ۵İͷҲ˾ĸʽϣڰæоս֮Уоɺնһ
һҶЦԤϣڴܵĵϣҶҾפͻȻǰδеϮ
㳬ʮ𾳸֣ʮǿƳҶҾפأչԹ
һҹ֮䣬ҶҾפرΪƽأ
Ҷƶ˱ҶҸƴȳȻǰվΪһǿһƴ˸ͨ͸ûгŵԮ;һغ
һҶҾ⼸Ļۣȫɨ㣡
һͻأø졣߶ѶϹ֧ԮʱѽϮ߸ߵøɸɾֻŰòӵӪԼʬ壡
սȻûκһڡ
֮˵˷ָ
߶״ǲȻŭǰһɱ¾
ս£ɱսܿܣ޻ڣǧսʤ伫Ϊغɰܣıɾȣɽңŭ쳤ХֻΪйߣΪõĵзҾ֣ȴǴɵ
ɱҲãҲãЩҪأһƻޣݹҵĺ˳һѵҵȻʮ𣿣
ɽңĻҹкȻը죬˲ʱ޽˷
һƬž
УͻȻһĨɫ֣Ҷ쳾ΰӰȻڸ߿գҶ쳾ƺһ̻ɾˣڷ⣬մǧɫ۾עĵޣ˹˼ɻ䣬˷֮أ
ƽˮһϯȴһ㣬ʹѸ£쳾
δ䣬Ҷ쳾ӰӿһϯصĿ磬ΰӰȥޣһս
棬Ӱ㼫ٴ󣬴֮ҶеƸ֣
Ӫչޣ߾ȫĿ񹥶ȥ
޵ӰȻڸ߿գңҶ쳾Ҷ쳾ҶҾձ֮£ȻҲΪ֮ƵҹϮȴֻģ֮սȻ⣬һȴ˵ǰ棡
Ҷ쳾һЦ֪ͬɱЩ鱨ѶֲҷΪȴԾɳ˴һսʵֻҪһɣɾǣǼ٣Ҫ
Ҷ쳾˶ӰͻȻͷųȹ⻪ų޾ãʳǣէȻ䣬޾⣬ȴ֮콣մǧ
źһһ
һǧɵľ޴ȻƶˣǿƳӪͬʱһͷǧɷԲؽİɫˣƼĺХֱ


471 
䳾ΪŭǿսԪΪԪӭһһ˫˵Դֻ֣˸ضɽҡʯ쾪
ٹ۴Ӫ˼ȴѾҶ쳾콣ȫ֣
޿ŭ֣ԺҶ쳾˫ôռ䣬һȭһȭӲ
⿪սһȭΪһۣʹͷǧԸԷӲȴӲӣ
⡣
ʿ֮
һԶԷһȭܶӣô컹ʲôڵıҪ
֪ԼһȭضܲܣȴҲֻӲͷƤȥ
ΪʲôҪһ֮ǰԼأ
ҪȻҶ쳾ôὫԼһӣһأ
ʱҲҲҲ
ԣһеԴͷΪ䣬ŵ˱۵ԪĪ
ǺӣˣҪӵ
ֻ޴ȭͷڰңңȴһգ
һײĶȴǴ˼㣬š䡱һ죬˫ȭ֮µӪؽ磬ʱ촷ۣͬ
Ҷ쳾ֻǻһΣȴбб˳ȥɣ
һΰʱòҰס
Ȼһȭ֮£Ѿˣ
ս˶ǾĪ
һۣۣҶ쳾ô˲ãֻǿһȭѾôǱ
ѵҶΪȻѾԽ۵ĲΣ
ݣ
Ҷ쳾˲һԽǧ룬ǰޣʱԽˣ
ݲҵ̾Ϣ
ԼʵܴԷȴֵ۷塣һսʿ֪
ղһȭԸоȻԼûҲԲҶ쳾Ķ֣οڣ
ȫҶָĳҲɡȻЦ룡Ͼʮǰ϶֣Ҷ쳾·ҲһӢۣ
·
߶ͬ˷ϰ𾳸֣һȺ転ҲƵس˴Ӫ֮С

һսһҹ
һֱʤ
۵Ĵױɢة䳾׷ֺϻ֮£ŭɥ߶Χ֮УΪȱѪ͵ϮΧ
ˣµķĴ֧ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣȫ䣡
⣬췽вϸ֣һ⣬߶һһѳնɱޣҰҶ쳾£ԱԪ
ۣ쳾巽֮һޣ޽֮ǧﴦ
ǵģ巽֮һˣ巽ǰʹλԻͣڶ壬ԾɻҲһ޳ݣ
Ψһ볣˲һģֻԱ֮˲֮һ˶ǳɢȹ⻪֮󣬾ʹɢɢ貣Իȴݡ
Ϊ巽֮һĴ죬Ӵ˳Ϊ֮أ
һսս̣˳óϣΪͬ˵ͬ˾ķأûκһ˳Ԯκһ֣Ҷ߶ڣ޿˳ȫߴȫ
ʵƫƫķȫȫûв֣Ҷ쳾˴죬֪˵
йУ󱬷˾Υļ
Ӧ˵λ붫۰켸Ѿķ룬ֱӱˡ
ΪβȥԮΪʲô˵˵λ伸ˣޣԼĵֳһԼɷߣֻҪ֣˵ƽܾ֣ܱ䲻䣬ɷȴʼԹۣԼֳ
ʵλֱը˷ΣڵõϢĵһʱʹӻʹ߸ϣȼԪļ˷ʽ˺Ѳռϵ޽ߣʹεĽϣеʱսȻȫĻ۵䣬ѳɼȶʵ
ѵ֪Щ򣬿ԴƣЩ򣬾ԲܴȻ˼ɻ䣬ǾҪۣκҲ⣡ϣһƬ̾ϢۣҲ֣ܳ
Ҫ˵ЩûʵķϻҪʵλͨ졣
ʵһ£Ҷ쳾Ϊ򲻹ǣѡƹǣȥʹתǵĺֺ֣ܽԸ𣿡
ϾΣ޷ܣӲԸܣԣɵ޾ͱҪۣ
ûܹɶۣʹһҲ⣡
ǻɣһۣǲܲ֡ǲеĻͱͱ˶ΪĬ֧֣ôҶ쳾ͻἴʱ˳սӴ߶רǵĴ󷽸ƻ
ˣ˭ֹĽּҺγ֪ܣǡ˵ĵߣԲݴĵߣ
һλķŭҲ޴й


472 Ӣۣ
ǵģ̬ݱ˹ҶʵڸصĴ󷽸ƻľǲ룬㵽ʲôز
Ҷ쳾ܵʵһǿֵѣתһ˼רŰиƻٲ潻֣ž巽ǿǿ֣ϺǰŽᣬȴҲֻͽ̾κΡΪķݣ
ĴۣȷʵûԸû˳ܵ
Ҷ쳾Ҷ췢ģɱ㣡
λŭ޽Ͽ졣
Ҷ쳾ȻһȴֻǱ΢΢һЦ
ɱң
Ҫɱҵʵڶˣƾλ䡢ȴŲϺŵģ
츲𣡡Ƹ¥׹ԭֲжէȻϢ
׹ӵɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
͵صɴ
Ӷĳֻһ˳ˮۣˮ͵ø죬ء˵û˾ûˣ
Ҳ̫ͻأ˰ɣ
ǿѾʮ巽֮һ
ٶ֪ͨ¥ֹ֣ͣͷϵһжʱӡûеõһָκ˲ж׳˵һ
ǡ
вǰҶҾʱͬʱֵһԺη𣿡׳Ŀ˸
ûСЩƺǴϵһ㡣ΪֹԾûаϢǱǸһ⣬Żݶȣ̾Цһ
׳˼Ƭ̣ͷϿжϡ
֮࣬׳׼ʱ䣬ɳ͵ϮҶҾӪפأһҹ֮䣬ҶҾĨ
׳㶨ʱ㣬ҶҾӪפز۷ǿҶ߶Ѫӵ˶ϢϾ֮ǰĴսҲЩ˲СٴԪⲻ˵ģҶҾӪеȻų˲żüãפʵȴǴ֮Ҷʵһ乹ɾҶˡϵᣬγ˸ǿĬϲĹö÷ǳս
ĵĹ˰׳һõ֮ҶҶԴչһĴ
ʱ򣬰׳˷ָΣж֮ǰ׳˵巽֮ǰ֪ǵ鱨ԱҶ쳾߶ɱȴԾɳҪ֮ҶȻңҪֻһڣΪΣҪ
ΪҶЦĺһ֣ܿ䣬һʵ˿ǰ͹ޱ˾Ҳ棬ΪĳЩԵʵ𣬻ΪһɱѪӵľѻ㣬ĳԭ򣬷ʵȫԶҶ쳾ԣνʧϾǸϢĻᣬ´ξʱֻḶӲصĴۣҶ쳾ݶԣȴֲʱ֣Ϊ˼Ѿܣһʱ׷ȴǴߵܻķصĴݺ֮ͬġҶ쳾˵ǵòʧǴһͬߵ飬нڶ֣
ǣΪֵĽڣ
֮ǵʵǵһѵҶ쳾ϣҶǲãɵˣո֮ʱĺ־
ǰ׳ж֮ǰԭ
׳Ҳû뵽ҶȻ˾
۵Ľֱӽ۵𣬸Ͼɱ
ޣҲڴ֮䣡
ⳡ֮սĻûһ󣬾ѾһۣⳡսµĴϷ֮б㵱ˣ
㵱NO.1
˵ʱһ׳ü˼᲻ǡҶЦˣ
ü룬ӵɻҺҲɹ˼֮£ȴǲҶЦˡ
׳һЦΪΣ˵˵ǵ˼
СĵĿ˿׳ɫ˵ֶۣΣ伫Ǵ֮ȫ֮ҶЦ£ԭҲ޿ɺǡǡǶҶЦ˽⣬һ·ĹԾٶԣȴֲĿԡ
׳ЦˣŶ
˼½λ棬飬߼Ե˽֮챾ȴǿ̫࣬ǲΪȻȻΪսЩĺôǶҶЦжϣҲǻڴˡǸӢۣ˳ᢣʤ£ԸȴǷȱɱϣܹõһӪǶľ档ҶЦȴһˡʹΪȴƫƫǶҶЦĶ壬һˡ
ҧ촽ûһ˵ҶЦһӢۣӵ֮ţȴӢ֮£Щϣν޲ɼ


473 
׳ȻЦᣬᰵõԽԽ뻯ˣֱ˵ΪĿģֶξͺˣαػҪôһ䣿УҲֱ˵һۣҶЦȴһӢۣνӢۣУ¹Ȼ޲ɼģ
ĵգһ£ǹԼԵҵĿɹۣȻϸ΢˼ˣࡣ
׳ЦͻȻһѽݺݵȻڮٱӣسʹ˵಻Уõسͣ
˵ַΪֱӽ֮ҡ
ҡ渴
ͨ죬һתȴǡһӵӰ١


һߡ
ҶЦǰ˵ߣвɵ̾Ϣ
ԭ֪һվᵽǡȴضû뵽ô죡
ĪƵ˿νǳȫˣڲܱ¶ݵǰᣬǰ׼ǱҲ;ȳ˶ѡ
үӣүӣүӣүӣүӡ
үүȴǲӴİ·
˴ҶЦɵүһ𹲴ʱ⣬һʱȻˡ
ʵֺֹľϡϣҴλүͬûһģǻԲѣ˺ۣ˵ĲҲ̶ãĪƵЯҶЦҩλүҲδܹ
ߴҪˣ֮ǰǼﱻҶЦתƣ˵ߴȻԾɲ˽ǣȴ㻹û˵
֮£ҵȴǴ֮Ҷٷפڴ˵صҶѪһʣնݳ
һ治ҶЦûпǣû뵽Ҷ쳾λʮҶԼĺˣȻһĺֶûԤ
ҶЦҶҾı־ԾҪǳҪĨĿ꣬⣻еĸҵϵѪҶ쳾߶ܲᵱӲܰɣ
ԼΪ׼ֻǽʱ򣬾һԼһͺã
ȴ˵ʲôû뵽ϼһǲܣ
ԼֻԤ֮ˣʵʵѩ̿
ȻȴҶЦĺ

ʹսԽң쳾죬ԾǴȫڣԭ⸽ˣסһﰲȣ
ȻѾſλö൱һʱһڶȴĳ̻Ȼ԰ȡ
쳾ȫ濪սԼЩ˸úȥδӣ
ʼûκһ⡭ô죿
ҶЦһһȫ޶ĻһڶɼȶգϾս£Ȼʹս֮⣬вŻΪѣֵң
Χפ˵ͽػҹС㣬Ī˵ǾһټԵؽҪνĶ츣һڶפڼ䣬ƽÿٵһϵʵƽͰʥصĻΧٴǧ˰꣬ҲǲӶģ
Ȼڵ״ȴا䣬ҶЦʽⳡ֮սݶʧ봹֮Ҷֹ죬ܿ䣬˫תأȲǱװֻ֣˵ҶЦ봹֮Ҷ֮£͵ͬ˶Ķϡ
һڶΣҲǲٰشˣԼ˻أԷŵű˷𣿣
ҹ³ŵϣǶȥɡԺ͸ҶЦҶЦҵɷʹʲôΣգҲᱣҡʼǶ붫вɷָǣ£һͻֻӵΪѡ羡ȥض츴ѵľȻ档
ҹСѾͷĻЩĬȻ
ҹСĻе´ңžҶս֮Ѿ޿ڸǣȻͻѾʼ֣ʱƣͻֻԼҪԴ
ȻˣֱȥǱߣҲİ
֮󣬶Ϊһ£ʾӪع顣
ҡҷԶҹµУȴһɬΪڻص
ǰô죿
ڡԼĳҶЦ֮⣬쳾죬ûСҲбĵطȥ
СѾͷվţ˼һʱãȻ
ѾͷʲôأĹŹ֣ҶЦ
Ϥҹ·ӵ˼͵滺ǰֻҪҶЦ绹ߣҡֺʲô
нҶЦУҹºıֳһ˿ҶЦ磬ְˣѾþúþûмˡ


474 ս
ҶЦȴһ̣ǾͻȥǣȷʵǸȥݺ̩ɽĸˡ
СѾͷһκҶЦǰԼĻȥҶЦǻﴫһʱ䣬о޵Ҹ㡣

󣬱ս
꣡
ڣ
սִִƣԳ棬нֹ˾ߣɱ⡣
ǣ
н
ڣ
սţùȫȨָӣΪȷ棡
ǣ
𣡡
ڣ
ɱãָӵ䣬˾ְѻϸעս֮ϵĵз
ǣ
鱨ãָӣ
ǣ

Īƣ
ڣ
ֵܻɲ£ֵܻɲΪԮвӦ
ǣ
䣬ɷǣ
ڣ
ԣһͬս죡
ǣ
İȻƣһ̣
˵Ĳѣһˣѣһɳ죡
˵ȣһһ׼ôãʵȫѾԼ޷ĸ߶ȣʱգҪ̤˭սǲ˷ܹ裬Ǽ˹أ
ĪȻҶЦߡ
ڼ֮ĪһֱģԭԼһֵܻ˻᲻ᱻڻҡ
ǣҶЦİţĪȴоһƬȻ
ˡ

ھ˵İšֵܻЩġֻǵξвӦЩ˻̫չˡ⣬ֵжо࿴ǣǶݿȴǸöྡЩźõġ
ƣˡҷɵ񣬾ֻɸоֵܣûɸˣҶЦ
ǣĪһݡ
ԼȻֵֵܻǿ־ֵܻȻǴɣҶЦڴ˵ǰƣһؽһȴǵ㲦ԼҪٷƵĴԼʱ̬˵
УвӦͬίΡҶЦһףԵģ£ǿĵˣһֹһ
ҿвӦѡӦԺõ֮صģ䣬ֹҪѿȫ֣ȷǰơʱʱ̾Ԯְܣܳ˿ң
ӲܱκӰӦȷҪǳ֧ԮʱٵľǼ֮ƣǰߵ˻סôҲֲǳӦģ֮ҪǳԮֵʱ򣬵Ĺͷˡ
⻹ѣĵطҪ֪˾ֻרעһרԼǹսս֣ʱжϣʱЧ֧ԮҶЦΧȻҪһı㣬սḻо侲֮ˣʤΣ
ǾʸˣҲĸ˶ѡңС㣡
ãȴֱߣǷ㣬ΪһĲѡȻ㱾ʵĿ֮⣬ָԭֵܻɲҲܸӵӦ֣Ҫȱʺϵöࡣ
ҶЦĿĿĪƣƼ縺صĪҪʧ
ĪƾȻһ񣺡ǣ

Ĵ֣Ѿ½½س
ԾҶЦΪף󳬹ųϵ֣ڳ֮ɢȥƺ׼иԵĿڣΪȫ̫ݣ޷׷١
ϢѸɢķػзƸ¥Ǳߣ
һʵΣ
עģĸ֡
鱨ڵһ֮ʵȫȫʢ֮ʱİһ֮Ҳǧˣ֮УԶʵһֱߣϹһҪꪳɳôʱۺʵȻߣ߶١͸ղһֵ¶ɲǣ濰ƾ㤡һӿһˣвߡǧϣ
вǧĳߣȴһʵھƷ۷塣
Ϊߣ޷ȷ̽⡭
ӵеսԶԶ̵ȥʲô̶ȣţ
Ƶ鱨ķȻɫ䣡
𾳸ǧϣ
ǧ
һأҲǴղӴĲݺòã
һССľȴôӵôǿʵ
ǵʵôܱѹȵôң
һ㣬ݣǾһս֮Ҵ߽ģ⣬Ѿţ״ĶǣɥĲ˺𣿣
ˣǸѾǵǰص㣬ǰصǡ
ս˷ڶĻ
мڴˣʱٿ˽飬ӦԲԣһأٴУ



475 
ҶЦվھǰһ
˼߾ֻмˡ
ɷ䣬Ӧҹ£˪ºս
ͬҶЦԼڣֻʮˡ
ֻʮ˵ȴԾף
ڡȥˡҶЦ΢Цһ䡣
ȥˣʲôȥˣӦʵ
õĥӣڹȥˡҶЦЦһ
ҪɹȻҪۣҪгĽȻҲҪ൱ĽӦûдҶЦλãȻ֪˽ҶЦ⼸ھȫԱֹͣҶЦԣͬظ
ʱ䣬󳬹ǧ˽𾳣ݽɲƾǱʥؾɣҶЦҩЩشŶĺ񵤡
һ꣬԰ƵĵƼ鵤
ҶЦʼձһִŵͷ˵Ϊȫ𾳣¸ʹﲻǰĸ߶ȣ
ȻʵȴҲ֤뷨ʵǴģʱЩʵǷѣʹжĴ߳Ծֹڳ۷壡
ҪٽһڶǾ޿ܵġ
вˣڽһ̶ֹ֮ͣΪչʹõ񵤣Ծ޽ֹݵΪ
ҶЦ֪Щ˵ǱڵǰѾӵ˼£еĵ̻츳ȥ˼ޣ˵ʵѾȥ۷壬н
ʱƣʵ½ֳ½ļ󡭡û취飬Ϊ𾳣վҪϲֻأκ˶ⲻһ⡣
ĳʵֻˣҶЦɹͻ˲𾳣
ȷԱΪѾȥ˼£ڶиͻƺҶЦİأ
ǿʵǿݣǿʵ޵ʵһһѤ̻
ǧ𣡡
ҶЦпν׳־
Լ֧ţϸϱ֮Ѱ߻Ҫǿơ
ھԱÿ˶ѪǣﲻߵٶȣǻܵӰ죬ǹ֮ãԪظԼսҪѰ߸
˵ﻹи൤Ƽ鵤ĹӦ
ԣҶЦĲţ߲ϵĲţ
ҶЦҲˣЩֹڳƷ֣϶޷һԾҲͶⳡʹս֮УʵսеһشţԵ裬ΨԿأⳡ֮սǲǧ˵һݻԵأ
Ե⣬͸һҲ˵Ҳ˵Ǻģ
Ը֮ϣ
ҶЦ۾ңգƺˣ֮⣬й硣
һվˡ
ɣҵֵһЦɳܳɣ뿪֮ʱװ֮λ续ɽ쳾ٻ
ҶЦڿնһϮƮƮֵնʣ쳾
ŰʤѩľӦī޺ҹ£ȹ˪º֮ĺɷǾһۣȻ
һ̣ԵһĻˣעҲ޷
ΣǷҳģϵģ֮УѤõһĻ
ҶЦһӣתȥ֮ʣȴȻоƺ·ĳһطһĿ⣬Լ
ҶЦжȻһһ̣ӾʹʧڿС

ҳǣһլ֮С
ѩ׷λ칩һ̬ӵӣŹ¾ôģճſΰӰģеһ
λǵǿߣǱ֮ܿĹ£ڿеλҶЦҶ֣԰Σ
Ȼȫ޷ĹôͿǸСĹһŻطû೤ʱ䰡ʱȫ̸һϿԶԣĹûиҶЦչ棬ôóóȻأ
ңڸǷչֻԶԶؿһֻۣǸһ¶ԷĴڣҲǸ֮¡
飬ȫɣȴԹ޻ڣһ˸ȫȻ֪òã
λжǸӵҪҲǰ˼⣺ʲôʱλ֮ôһ˹ˣֻһհ
еӰȻʧ֮࣬ҲڵͷջԼĿ⡣
ֻǣأ¶һ˿΢Ц
ܺá
Һܷء
Ӧϣ˪ºȫߣҸ
ȻҸǡҲͺҸ
ʱ
ˡ
յĴţͻȻ졣


476 㣿
λȻͷоһƬɲ
ȻλΪӼߣ˱Ͼ˵ʵ룬ǾԲ֪ľܡ
棬˭
᲻ôţ
ôŻãԭֻ¾Ҫβˣ
꣬˵Ž಻٣ƺ˵ĺãֻʾ⣬޴ߴ֮ģ
Ҳ˶ԷԼģԼ׼Ӧʱ䣡
λ͵վ˴˶˸ɫǵˣطڣ޷Ѹٿ˵ʤôסˣߣ
˼ֵսΣ̣֮ƲùڹڱС
λǲ۷֣ÿһݺЦǿߣ޽ҾѾȥһǰ޹ˣΣĵزλ۷ǿߣҲû˰ֵİȫУѾû̫İգ
֮һѩȻվſڣ֮ǰ
ֶ˽䱸Ϊν˵֮ǰԷڰһʱ컹ԭһֱڶûио˵ʲôˡ
˵ΪѾȥ㾳
ѩ̬ӵŻǰУʧһһ̬һһȡ֮󣬾һƬ֮Լԭģ绪
̶ʮ·ȴǽһ˴˥ϵĳĺ֮꣬ŷ绪ïʱȥֻʮ֮䣬ȴѾжһķ˪ٸഺ껪
ŶȻ򿪡
Ŀѩһסˡ
ֻȴһ꣬˳üĿòţǴߴźЦ⣬ã̫⡣
ҶѩȻһһʱ䣬ֻͷоһƬհס
ҶЦղŷڸ߿֮ϣȴôͻȻ
ҶЦſڿȥֻԼǰһλһͷϷ˴Լ˫Ժ֮Уһλ°׷ˣԽ䱸Ŀ
һͷ׷һƬ
м䣬һˮһĿ⿴ԼģȻһλˣ
Ůһ˫ԼЩ
ҶЦҴģԼûмŮӣ˼Լ㲻ģҲǾԲǵģϾǰλŮգѾѻľɫز
ҶЦƽŮҲֻ;Ӧ˳Ա⣻ҹ£δѣǷе黹ûչֵʱ򣬾ҲҪѷɫһ
Ůͷڣǿգ˫ǧɽˮһʤѩ£еʸ䣬ȴǺ쳾ѩŮӣ˼£
ҶЦԾûмǰˣⱾ֣λɫˣȴָҶЦһּΪ׽ΪϤĸо
ָоҶЦЩԻ
˿̣ҶЦţλŮѾվǰеƽ侲ʧ촽΢ţЩɪ
ҶЦǣҶЦѩʵ
Ŀһɨ
ѩֻоһƺѾ꿴һͨ͸
ǰԼȻһζ޷ε΢о
˴ڶԷһ֮£¶š
㴦ھ·磬Ƶĸо־ֻ۱µʱ򣬲й
ѵǰ˵ʵǰ
ѩ칩ѩʵش
ҶЦע֮£ǲһֲð΢оʶʵ
칩ҶЦͷ֪
ѩǶ˴˴ǱĹǰɢģ·ҳǣȴʷᣬ޽սΪ˱⣬ͣ˵ضѣûʲô⡣
죬Ĺûб⡣ҶЦͷλ£ˡҶĳͻǷ棿
仰һڣǱĹȻһҶЦͻȻתһߣƫͷ˵
˵仰ʱ򣬱ĹֻоԼһ鴤һʹ
ǰȷʵǲûмģԴӡһص죬Ǿûټˡ
СѾһˡ
Ĺ࣬ҶЦ֮УȷûгֹӲ
ҶЦ˿
ղڸ߿иеǰעӣΪʲôô᳦ת
ҶЦȻԷƱ֮ȴҲڻĹֳֿ̹˼ھ֮Լܸоǵûм棬ôˡ
ĳڿһۣ֮֮ˣĳЩôķʽ϶ǲˣ
ˡҶЦĵͷˣңΣѲ࣬λౣأûЩתΪá
Ĺ̲ס̧ͷҶЦ˳Ӱӡ
ҶЦų˼˳⣻ѩһٿ䣬Ҫš
ȴҶЦͻȻ͵һ£Ŀ⣬תͷԺأԳճյؿߵıĹʧ㣿


477 Ҫϴ
һ䡰㡱ȴͻĶǣԭȴΪĹԼϤϤҶЦֻҪ񣬾̲ס뵽һˡ
һҶЦÿÿҹλؾͻȴ˼֮Ȼ˵ٻӰ
ˣ
ԼĻУ˻ҽͬ
ȴô֣
ҶЦһ仰ѿڶ֮࣬ĵõĺٶȸͷ
ǰƺֳһ˫ڶĿԼ϶˵㡭Ҫѹʵҡûϲ㡭
ǸŮӣǸԼûҵŮӣʱ򣬶Լ˵ԡ
ԼȥԾɲԼаĵŮӡ
̣֮ĿԼ¶һ˿Ҹ
ǸڼӲ״ٻӰ죬ͻȻǰλıĹòغ
һͨҶЦͷǷϤԴͷҵ˳ǰ˵ݣ
ĹһȻתͷҲǣ
ҶЦ˵㣡
Ĺȴ˵Ҳǣ
ͻһʣԼõһеè壬ѩ׷Ҳ˳
ҶЦ̤ǰһЩ٣£㣡
Ѿûаʣȫǿ϶Ŀˡ
Ĺҧź촽ټķϵǣҲǣ
ҶЦͷȻȷǰ˾Ǳ£
ԼΪʲôϣ
ҶЦأȻ֮£һеñӣԾһ³ӣȻ³ӣȻͲŮҵ˼
ͷӰأ벻ɣβŵǲǵĲҪڵķҳֵ֮ģ޽ѱһսȻߵλҲδܹȫȻΣգȥȴͬĲȡɣʱȥǱסһӣͷȥ˵סãĲ˵ٿȷ㰲ȫݡ
ѩ׷ϲǶڷҳǵĿһӣȻԾиֱ۵˽⣬ֻҪȥãȷʵ԰ٷְٵȷµİȫˡ
ҲȥȻʵڲбڸ£
ĹһбԼ
ҶЦü
Ĺԭζʮ㣬Ҳ֪ôΣһζĻ֮ԭĿ˼ʱʧӰ٣Ȼͷίί˵ǡǺðɡ
ѩ׷˼Ӷɳۿ֮⡣
Ȼع鲻ͣԸǿȴϲ㣬Ȼƽ߳Ĭԣһö˵⣬ȴƲģλҲ޿κΣÿÿܻͷڹšѾΪ칬˶ڹµĹӡ
ȴ
֮ҶЦ㼴һ·ͱĹ˽ãԱһҪдλͣǰдֱӷŵ߼ҲǾӦҹµļԱ۾ǲ죬ȴмȻϾλأдһҲǿģ˲ôűȽһ˵
ٺñĹһУҶЦأͷʹüģֱĳԾ벻ͨΪʲô»᲻ԼݣԼʶı¹ʾݣ
϶ԼϿĸ飬ȴܲԼµݡ
Ϊ˫ĵǰ
Լ˫Ī棬ǣ֮ҪҶ֮ϣĵִɣ
ҶЦ˼룬˼ʱվ΢΢һЦһҶĿĹвϵɡ
Ӧ룬һҲݸһЦ˵òǻңҲǲϵġ
ҹһͷΪʲôЦЦôõ˶ʾãϲ߱𣿡
ӦһЦҹµСԴЦٲ˵ֻζĿ⿴ҶЦ
Ϊʲôأ
ҹµʣҲҶЦʣԿ޵ɣܹ黹ʵ
ɿŮ˵ӣȴһԼġ
ĳȥӻǺȤġ
һ죬ĳ˻׵ģαؼһʱ

ͬһʱ
ˣԼŷҳ߸Ϲ
ȴѩĸһװı䣬һ·СĴԽ޽ؽҳߡ
ǵ˲ͬ򸾵װרĿʾˣһѩ£ͦΣüĿ˵ѹӣꡣ
ǾΥĺѩ
񷣬˼䣡
ǰǧ־Ƿҳˡǰ
Ҫϴˡѩһꡣ


478 ֵ֮
ѩЦЦҲҶЦһҲϴλá֪ϢҲٳٲȥ
ѩ͵һм˵磬ǰһֱΪǸˣʲôҲҴţһ˵һ䣬Ҳѧתˣʲô㲻Ҷϴϴλã㲻ȥҶϴºòãԭҶһֱأҶϴ֮⣬ֵˣǾƾ㣬ôҲϴģԼֵһ̧һۣ˵˵ЦЦ£ҪǾǶˣģӦе֪֮ĺãѣֻܿ׻˵εĿɶǳաɶˣ
һ۵ӵۡ
쵰ôô˵˵̧ҶЦǻ쵰Ҳˣұ͵˾Ȫ֮Ǹʲô˵ȻſڴƻơȻҶһֱءΪѾΪ͹ǳ˵ô
ѩүģӺĸɣѾȴרߣѾľôҵģ
ôڴڴ
ѩٺһЦ
ЦСʲôΪббźѩȻֻʥԪƷССһʵȻҲҿүŲүһָͷ㣡
⻰治ǴԲѣȻֻʱأĸΪоͻƣѩǰʵʥԪƷδصһСָͷѹ
Լ֪Լµĺѩ첱Ӵֵķô˵ʲô˼Ϊ˲𰡣ʵڵ˵ҪܲôԼΪһ㣬ߵĹʺ˶һ㣬Ҫ۸ң
ζ״Żһ۸㣿ΪţҲԼʲôСΪСˣ
ѩһʱĿֱ࣬ԼĶ䣬ǸЦȡµȥˣǰʲô
һߵѩ죬ԭЦֱȴǲȻŭݺסһ⣬ವš߰Ȧ
˻ˡ۵ö£æġ
ѩ״ȴʱķЦȷʵԭˣŵλǵ
ЦʲôЦҸղŵ㻹ûشңΪʲôȥҶЦȥڵΪԲֹô㣬˪ѾͷػҶЦǻᣬΪȻҸҶԣĿǰľҪǿ̫࣬ǹĸ
ѩҡҡͷ֪ϴϢʱȻ磬ʱϴѾո¶ͷǣЦơô꣬ûûҹҲֻʥԪƷΪȥϴ鷳˪ѾͷȥϴһĽ֮飬֮ģȥʲô
Ҳ֪ȥϴҶȻ࿴Ұٰࡣ֯棬ҾͻΪһ࣬һССѩȻ˵Ҳϴ
ţ
ҶϴʼնǷĵ𾴡ʲôʱϴ£ҶԸģҶϴ֮ʱΪ䵽ص㣬׵սһָͷһϴҶ˼ѩϣһƬůĻ䣺ϴҲһϴǣֵֻ֮飬޴֮⡣
ŵȥΪƻֵܸ飬ֵܱ¡һֱȥҲΪһ㣬ҪҸߣҲãҲգ˵ǽҲνڡ
ѩЦһ֪ɵ̫ƫִȴԾϣϴߵ۷ߴʤʱлֵܣ˼Ͳį
þò֮ŵܼ˴飬һֱߵ۷壬Ǹã
ԭǺôģһϴһ·ƴǰӹɡ
ѩڵ۷֮ǰҺϴ󶼲κεĸı䡣۷֮أ˫۲ʱأĳĲ䣬֮ģҲ𣿣ۣ֮þֻһˣǴ˼˵ľ棬˵ֻ˳Ĳƾܽ
ѩЦЦڴˣҾٽϴİñ˴ΪĲһЩҲ޷ֵֵʼնֵܣΪΪôˣͿֵܡ
ʵӣҲͦáѩůһЦ
ΪʲôҪ׸𣡣ЦŴ
˼Ĺؼʱ̣֮һսǲʤֻٻڡѩĬĬ˵ǰֵּܡͬͬһֵܣ棬ʱϴû飬ǹ¼ţ


479 
ϴʤˣԻȻȥ߾ϴ£С񣬰д
ѩĵֻ߸ɴ쳾죬ҸϱôȥˡҲǸѡ񡣡
˵գѩЦˣݵէЦݣĿѣۣ˵üĿ续ǡ
ȻĴʻһӣ˼ʵĺѩƺȽݣ
ѩ˴˶һۣþò
Ҳû뵽ѩΪҶЦȻܹ˼ȵز
ֵܸ飬ǾȴůãϸˮȻδؼȣȴؽһֱڣֱá
ʵһսļԣҺ͵ΪȻ˳˾Ʒˮ׼ȴδʸ롭ҪģȴҲǸһ޶ֵܲȫһսģûҪ
Ĭ˵ţͻȻЦЦѩⷬҡսǲʤȻͬʤˣҡھӡ
ѩ۾һϲò

˶һۣЦ⡣
ˣ˵𣿡ʵϴҶЦἰҲ䲻йǲҶЦǱߴպϣҶЦ£еûĹǰ
ѩҡҡͷҲǸոʱǼһ棬ٺƽϱһң˵һλӡȴҲû˵˭֮󣬾ҲûϢûϢǺϢ
ͷԣûϢǺϢֻҪžͺá
˶֪ƽϱǻ壬ܹܹ֮һЩҵѩ˶Դ˶Ǳտڲᡣ
Ȼʱ򣬱١
˺Ц֮·У᫣ҿȽҵҶЦǵȵʱһӼһɣ
էһйӰ쵱仯ͻȻֳһꡣ
ûĿţֹɣͻȻ˼䡣
ѩѾһһӣ׼Ľϵ䷶һ꣬ȴǱرȥ˵˱ˣС֮и׵С
Сĳ֣߻Ůһͬ
ŮӾһһľɫһһ£ǣһһ£绪
˭ûаǰһŮɫ飬ܵظоΣ٣һѩͺѩԼ󣬺дŹâ˸ߺˣ
º͵ЦЦǻ˵ҵ֣ҽа׳šԣ׳òƺ֪ǰ׹أƸ¥İ׹ӣˣ
ͫ׼һ̣пǰء
֪Լ֮Σ棬µˣǰˡ
Ƹ¥׹ӡ
һ֪ǰ˾Ǵ˵еİ׹ӣôȻȻ֪ߵŮ˭
ƶ֮֮㣻ַǬ䣡
Ƹ¥ͷͬһأ˵εΪۣ
׳΢΢ЦЦôҵͬʱλС¥ͣλò᲻Ӱɣ
еĹâԽԽǳȣ룬ӳ⡣
׳ҡͷʧЦ漴ػӻ֡
ǰ΢ЦȻƶ֮֮С
һƬ

޽սԾɳֽ״̬
ȻܣķȴԴ֮ҶϮ
ʱ֮⣬Ҷ쳾ߵɱʬɽѪ޽ȥʮ顣
֪ǲΪ֮ǰһɵӰ죬ʱս֮У˫۷սȴʼնûٳ֣ǼۣҶ쳾߶Ѫӵȡһǿͳͳûг֡
Щˣƶ֮ϵoĮĿ֮һȺ˵սһ㣬ۺδʤܣ֮ϡ
ֻԹۡ
ս³սԽԽ࣬ȥҲԽԽࡣ
˺ѾٿǣһսΪʲô
ֻǵĴʤ
ҶЦµľսҲһ˽ȥ
ִãڶĸ֮£Ȳս
սˣսֱͺǾúص񼴽ˮ֮һ㣬սʱֱӾһ˷ܹͷģ
սĥΪ似;
ķ۵СǣǱ֮õᣡһδսδػôõĻֵǣ࣬ٻ
߹ٺ»֣ĵظҲڳţ̤·߾Ȫ;Ҫֵǵ
һ֧սֱײȻΪһķ羰ߡ


480 ն
ԭľսţΪ֪֮Ƿܴڡ
ػô˸߲ҵĳս
һͬǳ˴ҩһ͡
ˣòҲ̫һЩɡ

ҶЦľٶ֮Ⱦǿյס˶ͷ̾һɱߣ
𽣲겻嶯ɱĺսӰأѵΪչʱ̫Ҫʵսȹ磬ӵģ
ҲӰɣ
˲һ֮⣬һ֧Ҳ޽ϯ쳾Ĵս֮Уչ¶Σš
Ƹ¥ҲžĽŲֲսˣ
ĺճȻ룬ȴ޽ԭͻҵս֣Եõ
Ϊȫƶ֡
ǰսķ֮У֮ҶϱΧ죬죬صĶ飬ֻҶҾߵչ˴֮򲻻ṥ
֧ͻȻսĶ飬һɱ۾ӣ˭˭ȫ޹̶Ŀ꣬ǻ֣뱱쿪սͬʱҶ쳾֣϶Ķ飬Ǻ顣Ҳ֣żӴˣҲҪɧһ
ĿԵУĴƵλ߲ۡ㾡һãȻ
Ҫʲôأ
ѵ֪ǵ˹ͬʱɻ
ҲӰɣ
𣿣
϶ᣬΪµ֮⣬ǿսΪƾи߶˵սΪܣÿÿս֮У׳ԼǴ۵Ĳбܽһձ࣬תͷʹżֱײ
죡
۷ŭĴѶʲô
ۣҲ׷ײ

۱±ˣڵǰ״ȴҲһãȻ֪ԡ
Լʲô
Ҫ˵ǲ֪ӡҲ֪
Ҫɶ
ѶŪôѵҪҲһ
ףһᣬĵĿƵѯλ䣺ӵʲô
λƲƲЦô֪ʲôֲһ˵ĶӡȻԲ֪ʲôġȻԸӲ֪ˡ
˶ѵҪ챾۵ķ𣿣ݵģǿжð
λƮƮ׷һ䣺췴Ҳػ£ҵǧжɫ
֮£һǳ׺ˣѵԼĸ֣ҲжɫҲǧҵ벻ɣ
λٺЦж־£ӦõġǰҲ֮ţһɱԼ׵λ̸ϡ棿
ƲƲ죬˵ԹŵΪ˻ͼҵɱ߱ġѵôҶô֤һˡνĪǣˣϸøһײǣ
öƤըѣ֪Ƕʲô˵ģǿ˵ȥ϶Ҫھףˣ
ŭķȥ
ŶȥıӰλ䳤̾ϢһղŻǼ̱ͻȻó̾˿ᣬڻ䡭
㵽סʲô㵽סʲô

ս³Ƹ¥ʺһĴڣǵûƣԽԽʵǷƸ¥ɳԽԽ֡棬ҲƺӦƸ¥һ㣬ӶĳֺԮ
ҶЦ׳ûԳ֣˵ǰڱ˴һĵһ㣻һɹǿһһ׳ԴԴȫ޾ͷֹϢһ㡣
ƺ˵Уӵȡ֮֮ߵ
Ƹ¥ֵսԽԽǿԽԽأԽԽǸ߶ˡ
ֵսͬԽԽǿԽԽǿֲԽԽӽ۷塭
˫˵ֳսƹѩһķ׳󡭡
ֹڴ˼ۣ̫ʧ̬ﵽѪǡԼһ֮ǰսббձ֣ܿͶ뵽ս֮УѾˣϾǸոմ˰̣Ķ־ٱĽɫıʿطսҳ϶ʲôȷһߣսͺֹۣܲҲ֪Ƹ¥ộЩбܽȻһһǻ˵ڶһ໽ţ˼սԭԼߵʱ򣬽ȻֱͬӾˡ
״ü۶ǰ˼⡣
⵽ô£
սȻʱ䲻ɵ״൱ˣΥսսս֣ôһĸϽף
۲ԼͬɳϸǱȥ֪ԭ


481 Ļ
ЩϸȻҲвٱԷϴͶϹȥˡ
أѶְͣߵͣűͰࣻڵְλҪӣ߹ٺ»ٰʮ꣬Ҳܡ
ߣֻҪʱҼϹɣǴ֮ʿ
սΣķ֮ʱĴ֮Ҷٻȥս粻һһսȻҲпܻǽҲȴܲȡһδһڻңһδǱǴˣĲ֪
Ҳпӵеʵ˱ֳЩ֮⣬صơν巽ۣϣ巽أ޿ɶҡѾǳϻģѾ֤һ仰ߣδûл᣻ǻȥȴǿ϶ûлᣡ
һƽӹսͬһвǰֻҪֱڻҵһĶѣ
ɣһɰɣ
ֻҪһģһҲңԸԸ
ܵ裬ֻҪһƴսʤ֮һжĻ
벻룿ԸԸ⣿ĶĶ
ڼ֣Ż˵ôҲпǵǱӴ󣬵ǰֻǲı¶ѡ֮Ҳ죬ҲǺ죬һ죬ǾͲҪôֵġ
ڣõĻᣬڹǵԼˣ
ѩ̿ϧô

־۵
һȺһȺѾսܵģû˾ʿľ֮ôһ˵
ò˵󣬾ѾĿ꣡
˵һ룬ѾͷݵӣҪ̫࡭
Ƹ¥߲õĶǲİ취һķʽ
ЧҲͬĺá
ǾߣиĺôͼӰĺô
ֻҪδڣϣҲǴڳ˶˵Ǿ˱ʮʢͶǾ󣬵ڶ˺üֻҪ㲻ǵסС⡭
⻹ֻǵͱֻҪͶЧҴﵽԱ׼˾ͻ鵤һö㼴ʱͻƿ
⻹ȫĸĲͶ߻Ը˻á֪ɣǿǾֶû취Ƶᱤݣ᲻ɴݡ
޷ܵջ
ջ֮£м̵ܹסͶ
֪Щصĸ߲һ˱ӣ
ôģ
ȻԱ߼ˡ
ԭɲֹǽʺʳʵĶ߰
ɼصĸ߲޳ջսԣȴֱʾΪ벻ӦԵĲԡ
˼˵ĺʵڣʵҪֶͨͬģڸְѾ̶ˡ㲻ܽеĸ߹Ǽ⣬ǵλɣ
Ȼ
ôνղԣǳһջ
мڴˣ붯ŭʺֻ¾ҪΪˣɴȽ˵
һ˵Ը׳ķƸ¥Ǳߵ̬ȼʱתΪżһ֣ռľ棬ҲñԷȫˡ
ֶԸߣҵòҪҪġ
ÿÿһΣΣֻҪ·ʲôģ֮Ҷĸ֣ǷһǿƳ֡
״صĸ߲ʾ⣬֮ҶЦ͸ϵãΪҪ˵Ĵ֮Ҷ϶ҪȫͬΪص˵ľ
һʱ䣬Ȼֵɽ˭ҲӲ
Ը׳Ҫķѵķա
ԸҶЦҪҶ쳾ǿǿֵȫˣд
ﻢ£ѵ󣬲Ҫ˵ǼصǣλۣҲͷѡ
ô
⡭
ʵ̫̫ˡ
ڶΪŹףʧݣľʱ򡪡
£Ļˡ
۰Եʱһӣŭ죺Ӹҹ
۾Լ÷ǳ˳ӲԼ㣻ϱҲʼˣԭͺļͥڼֱһ㡣
һô
ŭǸ쵰Ѿʮ꣬͸ˣôģǴСһĻɫ
˿ˣ˸Ͳ
֮ǰԶӽҵƸ¥ȫһ£Ϊ׾Ӹµ̬ȻҪֵģԼȻԼ۲ŴԣıԶǣôĻҵԼȻȫȻ֪ˣһһһôɫĶӣȻڸ۵ĶӣҪ۷ôɫĶӣôĥһأ


482 ˸
˼ʾһӴһ㣬ڱϣӸ£Ķӣԭĵͣôһۣȴһ
Ӱ׳ȻһǰģߣȻŮˣ
ˣһӣ׳С˵ôҪһôҪʲôҪҲ𣿣
ȿȿȡһߵĶةණ󽫾ԣ£ȸˡ
ܲ˰
ԼС˵ԼȴԳӡ
˵Լ˻˵أ
Ȼ綫ȴʮϺ꣬ҲоԼЩܲˡ
ƽıûô갡ôأ
ˣʼǱµļ£ǻǱˣڹۣٴǲϽ
ʲôˣϼһߣ֪Ǽļһｫ۱Ƶʲô𣿡һ۾Ͻҽѵһӣ
ȿȿȡة󽫾ķۣµļ£ҵȳʵڲ룡
ȫվߣŭڣӲϱôҲ۵Ļ𣡣Ҫ챾۵ķģ
ȿȿȡة󽫾Դ۶ô˵ˣ˵ƣǰӣǿɲǺ·
˵ɣզˣʰһʵ
֪Ī縸ԼӵԣۻǺϤģ²
Ѿþδʣȴýǰ׳
ƨôӵۣһӣة󽫾һ
Ǹ֮ĶԻһһ֮ĶԻ
Ҳ̫һɣ
ƽĺҲǺܲģÿμĻӶܱ׵˻ȥ
С˵СӣݣĿ壺ȻҺڰ˵ʲôˣǷʮ߰˸ƨþδǺþδˣС˵һžһǧ꣬ȻǺþã˵ˣˣ
һӣӿɽ˵˵лûĸʣûĸ󣡡
еʱģÿ㣬ߵףһղףĸϣ롣׳˵
ѽѽ۲˹ȥ治ТӣȻ㣬ߵס㡭ǽӵλô˶Ҫ𣿣
ˣ뷨׳ͷУҲġ
飡
ûסĶһȥǰİûǰεˣһĳ촷ۣܹͱˣҲǣ
ô治뷨
ңҿﶼңǳңĸң
ͬһͷŭ˵ʨ̤ȥǹӿ֮һߵة󽫾ֱðƴŬڸС
Ͻ˵ģǸˣ۷˷ۣŬƽϢзӿŭҪ˵ʲô֮Ļ£
׳ֹ
۱̲סҪл˵ƨͷţܲʹ㣿
ڸǰֻ˵ҷƨ׳ͷ
衭һںЩϲӼͻۿҪһĶŰ׳βźݺȴŭЦаа׳¥ڿǳϢˣţƴˡѾײӷˣǲǣ
ޣң
ҡ̲סһƣžһӾͽ׳ʮɣ䡱һײϡ
ٶȼϣͷĶкѾٸǸƿѾٸҲ˵ӣٸҡ
žžžž߼졭
ӽ㣡͵ûС˵㡭
Ҫˡ
ãұһİ׳׹ӣ飬ˣһſѾͷģѪݲҵ
һй֮أߺߵıֻٲ˵͹
һתͷȴֿ۹оʹɫĶ׳ȴɵһаð޲ٶԼһžžž
˵ѾͷĿ⣬ɳĮ֮еʳʬһݺݵĿʲôƶ֮ʲôʲô֮㣿
׳Ĳ˲ǵѪĻӦǣǽ֣ȡֻɣ


483 
һƶˣһϡ۷һһЦ׳״ӣҰĲСС㣡
׳ͷʵ̫ˣֻĻӣҵ״֮ƣǱֻҪзԷﴫˣ
ŶЦˣƶǳҪԼĴһһٴεڰ׳Сȥžžžеס
ʹԶ۵Ϊӳ嶯Ҳ޷ѹȥ
һֻСһֻС񡭡촽ţ׳㲻а׳հɣʵ
׳̧ͷЦЦ׳㡭𣬺Խ
ۡ
һһֱŬڸеة󽫾͵Ǻˣ̿Цæס죬Ψֵ潫ĵ׵ЦԱ
ͼ۱һֳ˻ȥٶžžžͷк壡壡Ҳ壡塭壡㡭Ҳ塭
ž׳ҡΣء
ǡڴʱſһ˴̤߽㵶𾪵ĿһĻ֡㡭ǡ
ȻˣȻȻ
׳Ĩ˰죬ȻһЦˣá
λ塯ӷЩң״ĿԸӣզ¶һԼǱߺ壡壡Ҳ塭
ţо޻˵ͷ硭֣ҡҿ׵ܵܰ
֮⣺㲻ܰ治ܰ
ͨ죬Ŀ壬ˡ
ة󽫾綶ס졣
سٶδܹλϺ궯ݣʱ˿̣Ͳˣ⵽̫ɺϣ̫ɣֻٳɴ֣֮˸ǰ޹ˡòֻ»ֹǧ޹ˣ󡭡Ҳδߣ
ڴǡһӳʶ
ȥڻعŭĿԼܣһָſڡ
Ҫλ˵
һȡ˵
ƨļæ˳ȥĨһͷ亹أģ֪ǲǳԴҩˣؿˡҪڴ񲻾Ҫ
һƣһִ˵˵Ѱɣղſ˵Ҫ
ţͻȻ͵ش˸
ȻĳԼŵԼˣϾ۶ԣ֣ǾǿߣݣҪô濹ܲˣֻܹԹԾͷ
Ǻɾ̫ˡ
žֻۺĴ
á
ҲˣȴҪѾͷȴΪΣ۰üʵ
ڻָ
ˣة󽫾һ
ţιһϲҪʡ׳ȵ˵ѾãΪҵ檣븸׼

ױȵľ
ة󽫾仰ԭͦεӵʱٶȷˡ
й£ûн࣬˵ûнһ࣬׮׮ʯ쾪ϡ£ǡ
ҵү
Ĵ㽫춼ͱ𣿣
ûиĸ֮ý֮ԣԼ˽Ѱ˼ҶǼɻ䣬οһӣֻ檣ʼ˽£檣²ͬķͬСɺô
˵ˣԼҪϲѾͷҲ;ˣֻҪ˵ű˭֪žǴҲ֪ˣҲһֻ۱һֻ۾͹ȥˡ
ȴƫƫó˵Ŵ۵棬Ҫ׹ڳҪʲô
۵ɫɰת죬ɺת࣬תڣɺڱϣֱӱˡ
ƺǱ仰ֱӱסˣ֮űҲƵһȣӣ˵ʲô˵һ飿
һ춯죬ҰӪڵɽΪ֮ҵزһ¡
׳Ųæ˼˵λѾͷѾ޶ίڶΪжȴίԸ븸ּλѾͷһʽҰ׼ҴţǳлԸһ壡
תΪƯһ㣺޶ּҪһʽ׼Ҵţ
۾ĶԼĶӣֳºͷΧ׳ۻС㣬㵱ҪͷСˡȢҰ׼Ҵţ
һ԰ףɪɪĵͷ
׳ȴǰ벽ˣ˫ĿֱԼ׵ۣһһնĵǣ
ΣһɲǼ䱩ף˶߾ģȪ飡
һХ֮࣬ͷȻըѣ
Юƺ춯أɱȻ


484 Ӯɷ
ة󽫾󾪣æڰ׳֮ǰϢŭĻֻһʱͿĻߡѾŭĻɱǵġ
۵أÿٲÿһˣ
ǿɱ⣬֮䣬ѾƵˣǺ죬ʹ綫ǿ߾Ҳܿܶ۵ƣƬǣѾȥǿ֮ĩ
ֻƬ̣ȴѾ˶۵һΪѾȥ˵Ƿ켫˸ļ
׳һ֣Ȼȴǰ벽ˣ۾עŷŭ֮еĸףɫıѩ侲
˵ʱʱ졣
ͬʱ𣬶Ⱥرĺˣ۵ĿѾ˰׳Ϸŭһƺݺ
ȻŭߣɱԣһܾչȴҲչ˰˳ϵˮ׼
ˮ׼ҲǶܹ֤շĵļޣ
κǿڵǰ˶мޣνĲٿշͬżޣԽ޵ܷӣһҲԽջأ˼ʹȻŭҪݺݵؽѵһԾɽһƵܿڿɲٿصķ֮ڣܲɵԼ׶Ӱɣ

׳һȣƣǳԼ˫ƽӣһš䡱һ֮࣬۵ڿжȻһء׳ӣȴĳȥ߰˲
ةණ󽫾ǲĶһۡ
ϲ½һֵϡ·ˣǡǰһĻǾϲǾأ
ĻӵΪʲôʱȻôߵľأ
ǵȻǿóʩչܼԾǺŵļʹܹ£ֻҲҪ˲ᣬǰ׳
һ֮󣬰׳Ȼ·磬ȴվͦӲӣȴѾγ˹ƽ׳ȻĽסˣֻ˺߰˲Ѫû£ΪԽ綨ҲҪκһ֮ˣ
㵽ҪôſϴӦ׳ŭһһˣѵԼİŮ˶ѡ𣿣
ƨҶӦ۰챩ŭ
ҪҴӮ㣡ִ𲻴Ӧ׳һȡ
ͻһ仰ة󽫾뾪ȵŴͣͲԼĶ䣡
Լղʲô
Ļ˵ҪӮ£
ܱ£
⡭

϶ΣҪôô۵
漲ȴ׳ǿ˶ڿȻֹ漴ص棬Ŀ⿴Ű׳˵ʲô
׳ȻѯʸʣǶ˸ʣ᲻֮ͬ飿
۷ЦңúúáС˵ܽۻܣ۲˵ݣΪ顭ֻҪдʵֺαڶ壬õļֱӾǺã
ŪĿԼĶӣȻһеǰõô
׳Ȼһ˫ĿעԼĸʣϷԣ
һȻϷԣֻСӵʵʵ𣡡
Ϸԣл׳зĿ⣺ղײգڽ򸸻ʷսϣܹסղŵĳŵ
ۺӥһӿԼĶӺðΣЦһ˵ϷԣŵȻ۴ԸĻᣬʵðɣ
׳һХԾôվţƣư㶼ûб仯
ֻǣ׹˵ƣȴȻا䣡
һ̵İ׹ӣȻһĶŵҹӣҡһ䣬һ
ɭɭֱأ
ȴ׹֫һͦվڶǰ
һ̣ةණ󽫾ȻһֹĴ
ǰ·ֶһߣԼһЧҵ۱£ͥ
ƻǣŶȻҲδ·硣
۵ɫǿǰ
עĿԼĶӣһЦ֮ǰǻŭȻ޴棬Ȼǳ׵侲׳Сӽգб
׳΢ЦȴԽԽǿ
ױĻˣ¿ȫδ㣬롣ǰ¼ŭңȻ˻һսʵĿģȻֹŮĹ鴦ҲգҪ˵ʲôս˵ɣ
Ȼйıƣ۵ĳŵԾɲ䡣
ֻҪСʤͿԵõ۵ĳŵ
վֺɽ˵޾ɲȡ
ӣɣһս
ðˣ


485 ɻǵ
Ĺ֮ةණδʱ˿̵ΨһоԼΣƸоĻж佫֮״Ԫ˧ĸоòƸǿһЩԼֻ𾪵ûˡ
ҿʲô
ʲô
ĻӾȻԴս
ⳡսĽŮӵĹ鴦
ۣӦˣ
⡭
ҲҸһ㣿

۰ĿؿԼһۣڴһš
׳һۣʾŮģȻҲһ׹⣬׷涫۶ȥ
Ӷˣôһǰһʧˡ
һս˭ʤ˭ҲãԹۡ
ǴةԪ˧ֻˣûܹ⣡
ֻеԺоһƬ˵ӽˮƣû뵽ôѪ鵱ͷԼϡ
λҲãȴ֪һ£Դ۵Ը񣬵׳ΪһЩһսĻ۱϶ϲӦһս
ܹôôʹĴӦⱾ֤һ£׳Ѿ߱۹ƽһսʸ
۲ûȲʤȯʮգ
⣬ζʲôʲô
ԵԶ
¹д˼ʾһƬκˣ׳
쳾죬ʲôʱֳһλۼ۷֣
λ½۳죬Ƕӣ˵ˣǲأ
γ̾ϢһЦҡҡͷҪ˵ʲôȴְһߵȻԼͬţ౨ԿЦҡͷ
˾ϤԷ£Ϊ˴˾ͬ˼ǵļλӾڳǻţ˴ȨƵòֺ˭Ҳûн׳˳Ȩֵܷϡ
ⲻ֪λĻӣȻڲ֮䣬ȥһֻҲﲻĸ߶ȣ
۳мߵѡٲ
ߣ԰׳ӵеʵԼķƸ¥ҵ߶ҵѾηУ˻߽ûУȴҲδضʧ⣡
˲Լͬĵóۣоһ˿Լóȷ˼Ľۣ¾ȻûиежΥͣоò˵ʵǡ̫ôˣ
ڴʱͻȻ졣תͷһɶǳһ
治ܱ˵ģֹ߲һĳĳôⲻ費𣿣
Ϊμ
ȴλ䲻֪ʱڵſڡ
λ䵭ЦЦͷŲ˳˫üɫ֮ζûп˵
ǿ򶨣ÿ˵һ˫СȴѾ߬ˮ
һҪӺ˳
ϲϲͬʱ
ϲ֮УλĿһɨ
ĻһΪѾ۷壬ˣ۹кν֮ңε
ʱ̫΢ԱϲΪȣ
һбҸѳֻ֮Ѳ˼ʲ粨ˣһоδ֪λ̾˿
Լӣ׾ĻıԶǣʹԼĸ׵ģڶʮ󣬱Ҳ֪ʲô
һսԼҲȫȻĺ֪
Ըô飬ѾʼˣԼ֪顭
λ뵽̲ס̾˿ɵԼĹŵҹ¡
ҹӵעԼȫѪԼԼıͽδȻǺ쳾һˣһȻĳޣһȴҲ˼ΪλԣǴϰ׳ҹ£ͽܳɻ飬ԳɾһǧżѻʱգӺܴܹһͳ쳾ΰҵȴ뵽
Ǿüˣλ俴ŮȻǺº͡
ǣϣˡŮæִ
Ůڰ׳ʱԶڰ׹ӻǰĻӵʱߣ۶ۺ֪Ĵڣȴδا˹һա
һ·໥֣ίʵסλº͵ЦЦֻ˵㣬׳۹ͺܲ
˼ʲ޳Ůɫ˵׹ӣȴͳ⣬ܹڰ׹ӵߣŮɫԲԣȻòŮӶȥˣɫѵóãֱŮܹҵϰﵽ׹ӣǶŮĿ϶
ͬʱͨ죬ͷˡ
šλΣӣǴûйܵסʵǵ£Ҳ֪һǰΣ𡭡ɻǵ𣿡


486 ֮ͨɻ
ǽһ
¶˵ȴǿ̹ģÿһ¡ίʵƽΣ
£ܲǵã
߿ô˵ǰһսеҶЦ͵ǵ֣Ů˼ѾΪޡ
ǼģҿܹҶѾĪԵͼٽһǵ¤ϣͼǷ֮룬˶Ƕɱλ̾˿ҽѻƣȴҪһ䣬Ǻ޲ң
ŮλͻһϯֱȦһʱ価ãȻ
֮£ģ
ѹˣֲùӶǼ飬һֱĪû׷ʲô
޲ޣ
ͬʱĿ⸴ӣ硣
һٱǰ֮ͣΣֻҪһ뵽һ޳ͽ빫ڤİ·ط֮գŮܲޣǰȴǹӵ֮ĸ֮ȻԹӿΪǰᡭŮ²ӿһʱ侹Ī
ʱգԾɲð׳Ȣǡλ䵭ЦЦǵĳҲΪƷСԡΪ⡣
Ҹղ˵ôչ˳΢ȫһеһҽ֪˵׳Ϊߣܹ˳ߵʱյĵز
λһ٣ٻ˵ţν⣬ȢףȻںݣһڽΪĩڣһǿ߶ԣΨϲ֮˲ǹһİ£֮ӣشԵʣ۶ϲΪ
ɫ䣬˲ʱ԰ֽϻǣβ֪λ佫̯Ȼص㣡
֮ԲϧɱˣԴֹ֣һ𣬸ԸֻΪǲˡλһ仰ڣɫתΪɷףȻ仰ĵҪĲλ
ףҲΪǶֹΪǵֹλ˵лŮ׳飻ŮҲ컯֮Ȼ֮ͬͨ顭һײب䡣
£ʲôײ
ǳȻѾɾͺ£ȴûеһȻ֪֮ѣ죡
λһ˵۶κֶԣĸùȻº֮ʱĸĴ֮գգĿգֹһ֮ãѣοǡʹγˣ˵Ҳֻǻζѣ壬վǡ
ʣȷ˺֮ʱʲô̬λЩѵôʣһǿ˵𣿡
һۣʾ
£Լ˵Ҳίʵһ飡
еףų֮飬ʵҲǿֻ֣֮ӦѣȡеΪãⲻ֪ŵ㣬Ҳе㣬츳츳˴˳ͻǣƣӵе޽ͣҲ˵ͨµãӵ츳츳൱ĻΪһͨˣͷβͨˣλ
״̬Ͼһĺֻǲ֮߱ѡӦ˵״̬룬ֵܳ롣
ٶȺȻɫ䡣
һӣȻ״̬ֵܳ״̬
ʲô˵
𣿲һ㶼󡭡״̬ҪΪһֻһö״̬Ҫ̫ˡλֳб֮ɫУǵĺһͷ˰񣬰˵Ĺ״̬Ҫθ롭Ͼǲֵܳ״̬
λ䳤̾һ
Ұףҡҡ׹ֻǰһķڡ
֮ˣβ֪λ
ⷬÿһ仰ÿһ֣󴸣ݺݵŮϡ
Ůʹ飬ʹһŷı֧飡
ҪΪڴΣԼͨ飬ᵮʲôλǷһö֮󣬻һֻСһزܻγˡûɣ
ҰֻܵͷΪǱôġ
½£Ҳ൱ʵȻ己ܣĸ嵮һӤ긧ͳˣ˳
λ
Ȼ쳾켸֮ͨν޽УżЩԼǵĺϢں쳾⣬ûκйǵĺ˵Ĵ˵ڣʲôԭ򣿡
ˮѾģۿ
λȴǵĸܣԾɼ˵ȥΪĳţЩ˾۷֮ܣҲܲˡ
һĽͻѡʱʧ䣬Ҳ̤


487 ֮
λ䵭Զ֮ʱʱ죬ݱҲδţǿ֪ҶҶ쳾ɲɣļһ
Ҷ쳾
ͬʱԲ
Ҷ
ͨ飿
ǡҶôģ
ʵ
Ҷ쳾һһһ󰮳һʱΪѻǶ֪ġһȴһǲ֪ġλˡڻγ֮ذҶ쳾
Ҷ쳾ԼҲ֮飬֮£ȢԼΪޡ
ճ˵˵Ϊ·ͬ߶壬ֻҪ˺ˣ̱ȻԶʤʮٱӹɵĴ֮ҶмΪʮȴʼû˵д˺ֻЩСŮڷҶҺã
Ϊǲ
λΪԼ֪˵Ǹѡ˱˴أҸһȴǽϢ֮»رܡ
ҶԣԵҶ쳾ʮԼһءΪҶ쳾ʮҶǶôںˡ
һսֲ˹ҲһЩ˿
λҶ쳾Ҳûа취ͻɣǾãǺͳǷᡭţ
˼Ȼң֪˵ʲôźá
ȻԾվţȴѾǣ˫۾棬ҲѾû˰
һˣشһΪһŮӣ˭ΪԼǸŮ
Ȼʵƫƫ˲п᣿
ĴԴҲֻͽ̾κΣԼȴֺ⣿
λͬԶһ𣺡顭׳֪ġ֪ҪȢȻԼѾ׼
Ȼ׼ȴ׼׼ô
λת˼ȴƻŮƥâ
ŮĺˣȻͨһˤڵأᣬ͡
νĪ
˼ʣ
һߵĶ̾һǷβȷӤܹƽȹ֮˶ȹһ
һһ˲临գλףһԡ
λüһ۶Ρ
οЦ֮⡭һʡ
λһƾзƣһߡֻȷӤȫ״̬а취ġ
仰ȻĿĹԣ
ֻҪλƵֻҪǡⷽĽˡԸΪǴһּΪһıһ켣ȻԸ档ȻȻǴ˽֮ʱ㶩򣬲ΪκҡһƻôͽԶʧȥƿ
쳾Ĵ˭ǲ֪ܲҵû֪㵱ҵˣԸⲻԸ֣ԸⲻԸеʧ˭֪أǲ֪ģλЩԳЦЦ
ֻ֪ĴߣһԴģɲֻ˺쳾죬صǿ棬޾Ǻӣ̫һеһһһ档쳾죬ȻǶλ棬ԣֻһȽϴĳɳѡ
λָ߳ıҪʧġ硣ֻΪһɳ֮ǧ֮еһԡʧ磬ة㡭𣿽ıģٱǲģ
ٶȻڵء
һϣеϣ
ϣȴûУ
ûʲôǱȵõϣ֮ʧ˾
ԿЦ
ϣĵͷһһѾˮͷϣָ˵ͷһҪֻҪϵˮȸˣͲᱻˡ
취ȷʵԽ⣬ôõ
һܣǡһԷ򸾵ĳɾͣճԽңλԼҲܽӦ˵ǵֵزȻģûκɵ顣
ҡ
λƵˣѵöģıһ¶ĶҪӭȢǣΪǣϧһսȵزѾ赲ס뷨Ҳ赲뷨
Ҳֻϣ׳ʱ򡭡λƵĪҪҼҳ˺̡Ҳˡ
λ仰ζúģ
òô⣬ԡ
ǲ֪˼Ѿʬһܷ⡭
ĸ󣡡һŭĴȣͻȻ


488 Ҫʲô
Ӱһ׳һӳڴ֮С
ĿԹίģ׳ɫ
ڵİ׳Ǳٿġ
ͷɢϱˣѪ죬·ҲһȳһգһϮɫۼƬȻղһսü쳣
㸸أλһ
ˣȴûл
Ȼʤ״ˣ񲻸ӿߣ
ѵ׳Ȼ桭
ʡȿȡȻȥϢˡ׳һЩΣ
Ŷˡ
λ˲һУȻ˫ǿսǱ˹ԼɷֻҲòȥһôôǱĳ֮ǰ϶ǻȥȥˡ
ֻҪû¾ͺãܵʲô
˭˭Ӯλʵ
׳һ£ŵƽ֡
Ŷλط
ȻԼɷԹϾʮĶޣܵ治ģ
棬ƽõĽ֮󣬶ʽӵλۼĳǿߣûʲô״ˣ
ĸղŶѾͷ˵ʲô׳˶񣬽ڻоŮԾֹסĲɵһɻڡ
˵ģ˵ˡλ䵭˵ģҲ˵ˡ㳤ˣ£ԼǡЩɻ䣬һЩ֪Ϊá
׳ŭɫƽ֮󣬳֪˵ʲôˡ
λ̾˿
ڴһ취ģ鲻Ҳû취׳͵͵ģȴǼ˵
ֽ˽ǹȻۻãȻŮо˾ΥİȫС
һа취ġ
׳Ź⡣
㾳УУǾ֮ϡ˲ɣѰ֮ϵĸǿߣ׳޾飬һƽһģ
ӡرס׳ӣͻȻޡ
ʵŮععͬҪԲпʵڰ˻УŮҲƲסеĳᣬ޾
һȴӴ˶ңңƮ
׳£֮գ飡
ȴǶ۰
۱ڴӦˡ
ڽ֮ǰľ¡
ȻԸڴɵһ̣Ůоûаϲ֮ⶼǷ
Ǹѹӵңӵȫָˡ
׳뵱Ǹոʶǻᡭһ죬ĸ׿ڴӦǵĻ£ǲҲ룿ʱգҲ飬Ѿˡ
δ飬˭ҲԤϣ˵׼ڿҲ飬ҲҪֻҪҺһߣһ죬վģ
׳ѵң
ŹӡΨһŹӣֻоŲƽһŷٶҵĸо
ãã֮УͻȻץסһ鸡ľ
Ȼ֪˴밶߻кңԶңԶңԶ˼ûϣ
ڡٲٳȥˡ
ֻҪ֣֮Ǿͷȫϣ
׳
۵ٶɢһʱ֮󣬽ң
۱µԵúƣ룬ȴźɵķΧƺǿʲôҲ͸ʲôͻʲôʧȥʲô
֮ܶǺܸӵĸо
ȴԾɼᶨش
ǸӣӦúúõ̸һ̸ţǰΪ£Ҫģʵǡһ̸
ǵĸʡ׳𾴵˵һʱ֮ϣĸڳһ˺úõ˵˵
ã
صһ£ʹ˹ڼࡣ

鷿С
˵ɣҪʲôۿԼĶӣĿ⼫֮£οмЩ͸Ի
ֱ飬ڶУ˵һ֮ҲǼٳֵġ
ȴ
Ͷ۶ԣԼӣԼһֱ֪㣬ȴ֪Ȼ㵽ز
ȫȻ֪֮УǵѾֵܵǰ棬ΪѾԼͥƽɫ
ʵöһԼǷѾˣѾϵǰƵ΢о
鷿йԡ
죬λ䣬׳
ݣǻʵʵһ˿ᡣ
ֻǴ˼һ˵ɫȴ嶼صúܡ
Ҫʲô
ŵ׵⣬׳ʵϣҲֳһĨ˼顣
ڵı£Ī˵ļܵܲУֻ죬δ˰ɣ
۵ͬʱƿطƸ¥㣬бҪڴʱ˿𣿡


489 Ҫ
㸸ҴҲһջȨλȥˣǰ̬Ծƽȣ㣬һؽλ㣬ҺĸԴֵС
ӥһŰ׳Һĸ𾴣Ƕܹоõ
ǣôĵҾ֮УΪУȴǺιʣ
׳һ£ʡһ仰ϣʲҪ
쵭Ȼͷ˵ɣ챾Ѿ˲ٶһҲʲô
Ϊĸ֣СЩ׳Ĭһ£ڰȻ˵ƽԸֻǶ죡
Ҫģԣֹһ磬졣
׳仰һһʯǧˡ
Ȼ˲²⣬ȴǱ仰һ
λǻȻתͷ죬ԼĶӣȴ֮⡣
оǣͳһ쳾죬ҲֻҴƵĵһ
׳ɫ˵
۷򸾲Ĭ
һʱ䣬˭Ҳû˵
Ȼ׳仰Ϣʵ̫е㳬ǰλ֪ͳһ쳾죬ֻǵһʲô̫ˣ

׳ڴ߳鷿ʱ򣬶أλ˵ĸ󡭡ʵڴ졭
λ̾˿˵ʲô
׳˸һҡ˵ѪףʵȴǲѾá˸Ҹʵȴλǵδгŵ֣࣬϶޸
Щ˴˸ҲͣҲ͡һֱڣֻͷһ̡һȥʹѹһʱȴ廳պ󡭡
׳ЩӦɺ˵ĸѻܣ²죬ĸ֡
λ䳤̾ϢáֻһʱЩܲ˰ˡϾʮȥѪ顭һʣô㣬˵û˾ûˣôܵˣȴҲû˵
׳ͷţʵѻ˵ĸ֪־һͳ˸ǱһֱڣҲ˫ϣܱ֮⡭ͳһ֮ս֮ݲðġ
仰ʵ˵ĺס
Ǿ˸ʱʱԿսԾɻͬ³
ڣɥУʱɾɱ֮ˣ񲻸ԣ
λףáģĸ󻹲ǰĲ¡
׳ھ˾֮£һΪһұȴԵ
˵㼴ȥ
λ俴ŶȥıӰٶĬɫ䱯֡
ʹղŵŶ˵ںƣʵȴܵĲںǱϾԼѪֳȻǧ㲻ǣ㲻ʼѪŨˮ
̾һ

λһЦ
˶ѿ˴֮ʼĩȷʵҶ쳾֣֮ûҶЦɱ棬޲Ϊ޷ִ֣ûҶЦǿսĴ֧ĵ䳤ձ㲻˫ս᳹ʧ⣬ľҲܵôѸ٣Ϊ޵ʵۿۣҶ쳾һսһʵԾҶ쳾бȫأ
˵һشأȴӦҶЦϣ
ҶЦСʦķɱҶЦΪ˸СʦҪʹһ
УֿɲֹҶҶЦˣ׳Ҳ֮һûǲ˾ѻҶҾפأҶ쳾ҲûнǿϮ죬ķʧȥ˲֧Ԯ
ǰ׳ԼΪ˾˱ǷҪԼأ
壬Ī⣬˺ι
λֻоǰ˼ǧͷһ飬һʱ䣬ȻҲ
ϾŮӣƸһЩΪжֻ۲ŴػںЩ
λ̾Ϣ
ŮصĲĲžҪ֤ŮӲӣй֮ˣֺֹ˷ҹ£ҹΪδɾ͵ʱ򣬾δ쳾һ˵˵Ȼһ̣λȴԵظоŮ֮仹Ĵⲻͬ
ңǡνĳɹɹŮ֮Ĳͬ
ó֪ЩȻ

ÿ˵ϣȻһֻͨͨİ
ֻȷȷʵʵֻͨİ޳֮ΨȴĪֻԭһԣǵ׼һһСʱ򣬶۵汲ճϱļ񣬴ѾΪ˰׼ҵĴ֮
ֻа׼ҵĵҴ󸾲ӵУλŰʮ۵λ磬ȴûȡ
ԴұһΪ
ⲻ֤Ƕۻ󣬶Ͽ׳Ļ¡
ǽ׳˼һ̳ѡԴ
ȻΪȸԾȴһǿջЦı֡


490 սΨвп
Ļʼһɽһ㣬ѹŮͷѹŮ͸
ڵõ֮ѹȸ
빫ӳףȴΪŮʲô
񲻾ǡ󡱣
һ뵽֣ëȻֻԼ˷Ǻ˹һң
Ű׼ҵϵѪﴫ֮˵ĸи࣬ԼΪޣ̸κãԺδС
ӡ˵
ô׳ͷ
ǡкʵġӻһλĸ£ҺһܹӵŮѾ㣬֮ǰı⣬ҲҺĲô
ģȴֹԿڡ
׳ɫʱһȵ죡
ʱٲ
׳һӶȥ

ҶЦ⣬ӴӪ֮һͷͬٳһ㣬ӿҹ¡
ʱȫ޼ЪսҶЦΪ龡öǿ֣֮֮սΧ֮УҲٵĴ죡
ЩӦսģʲôΪ̭Ҿ֮УԴˣҶЦȻ޸о
ҶЦڶĪƣɫף¾˵𲻾ơ
ԭЩӦ˲սģֵܻĸ֣Ȼռ˾
Ǵ˴γսһٸ˵Ļٵаʮԭֵܻ֣սµĳڽ
ʵֵܻԭǾλм޹⣬һ㱩
һΪΣһľˮ׼һΪʲô˽ս˲ʱˮԼֵܻȴֵ˲˵һһ¶˵ϣһȽ֮£ǳ˺
ƣڴĪҪƣԱ죬һŶۡ
ҶЦ˵ң뵱ֵܻ֮꣬ʱγͨһһɱһһսѪϴ񣬲նֵܻҫ
Ǹʱֵܻᣬڽ֮У޵С
ʱףǽǷ躹ޣзչĲԣӱֵܻĳԱ࣬ĺ֮ڽֵܣĳԱĿνӴ֮ӷһֺǶս١
ƫƫǸ߲㻹սֻһֵܹȥͺáĺȴǲ֮սֵܻԶǽһġֻҪ൱εĲпսţξðల£ɻֵܻԱԷӦӦ
Ȼս֮ϣǱսΣӦֻܱɱ
֮ǰжʥԪƷ۷ߣʥԪƷУ߰ƷնɱԭڴˡΪԷη磬ԼǱߣȴΪٹ̵ϰߣȱȫԼƣ˫Ѿһˮƽ
սռս֮УֶĴǰ֮¡Ƶҳ̶ȣѾȥ˷ָĵزķΧ£˭˭
ԹսϻĶǲͽΪʲô
ҶЦЦЦ˵̫⣬ǱѪֻΪʵ˵ᣬȻЩߵѪܹ˸ѹһۣǸ塣
ǡˣĪЩ
֮ˣκһҲǾԵ֮ˣԴӽ󣬾ճѵǲ浶ǹĻƴ
ҶЦȻ˵ÿΪͻ֮󣬶߽߽ĹУòκԮһоֻܿԼŬ
˶һͷҶЦȻŹĺΪȻҪôԵġڣȳأ
ֵܻһֵܼ뱾̫ⳡ֮սνһҡеĴȴǡһˣ˸֮УѾתʣЩûתˡ
˻ˣΪβѣӹѪƲҹͬ
ѣΪҪѣҶЦսϣǸ֪ľأȴ֪ҾѣѰ·ϧЩ˵Ѫ˯ѵˡ
ҶЦ˵ƣǰ֮νֻףκһĲСĶܻµĺ
ĪĬȻ
֮սίʵЩԾĵط
ҶЦתͷĿӺս
棬ɽ쭣꣬ڸʩзһƬһƬɱΪⳡɱº͵Ķһһ㣬һ߳ɱˣ֮һһɫζ壬ϵĻ
˫֣˫ţͷ
ȫÿһλɫζȫ޼϶ɢȥ


491 쳾ɽ£Ϣ
Щ壬һʹŵˡӴˣҲκ쳣ΪԤȷ˽ҩȻһŵˡӴˣȴǼʱΪһĻȥ
˳֮£ֱӾ޵С
ֻǶҲѾȥǿ֮ĩʹ񡰶¡ķɣӰжйȴԾѾǶ͸֧Լ֪ٴεĽˡ
ʲôطԾĪƶҶЦжϸеɶͷԡڽŵĴս֮УʤѾߣֻһ֮ңȴƫƫҪͣ飿
һļҼûҶЦǡⳡս췽ʼûж
Ī͵һݡ
ʵϣ쿪ʼͲٶˡ
ҶЦһսΪӶ춯ⰲŵģʵ֤쵱治κζ
ҶЦҧҧ֪ζʲô
Īɫ͵ĺ
ҪȥˡҶЦƣ㸺£֣ȫٳսҵطСĽ䱸
ҶЦ潣һ⣬ҾдһҴ󴬣ǿʻ˲׳ĺ桭
;඼ǹͷӿѪ
Ƭ֮䣬ҶЦѾӰ

ҶЦڴ˵ȱսΣ̣֮Ͼ֮ʱҪæ͵ȥȻͬСɣҪȥҵˣȻӷͬСɣ
һƵɽȡȻش޽ؽ֮Уⳡ֮սΧ֮ڣ˾ȴǸƽͣɽˮ㡣
⴦صˣҶ
һ쳤磬Ӱ
ҶЦȻɽ¡
˼ʽƮСɽҶЦ̲סЩп
ɽǵλûֻͨͨСɽ˹͵ľ۶Ƿ־ռԴ΢һѡ
ȻҶƫƫͽ֮һ£һԴ
ƣɽڸߣ飬ղžΨд˾ڡҶЦԷθ˵⼸֣־ˣʵҶߣʹһҵķò仯ҲǾֻ֮ͣǾӪһСɽȻ׾١
ɽƴҶЦ˴ǰȴΪΣ
ҶЦ˵´䡣㣬ңβ
Ҷ쳾˶٣˵ɡ
ɽɽĲȻɢ־ۣȴȻγһͨ˶˵Ż
ҶЦһ˲ͨȴٶȲ»ָΪԭƵ״̬
ҶЦɽݽɽλã˴˴ĸˣ໥˿ڣҶЦ۾ֻɨ˺ۣѪģȴȫ޸оһ㡣
һǹһΡȻƼΪأжദ˿ֱ¶ɭɭĹͷԾûаɫۼҶЦӽͻأĿڵҶЦ
ҶЦ΢Цɱ֮ѪӵѪѪӣȻ鴫Ҷĳˡ
ҶЦٶĳһ˱﷢ĵ׵ľ⣬巽ۣ߶Ǳ֮ΪһҶҶЦǷȱһľ⣬쳾죬ܹҶЦ̾ģҲѪһ˶ѣ
ѪӵΪȻδҶ巽һۣȴΨһһ㾳ΪܶȺ֮˹в֮ˣǴɸƵ漣ȴҲ²޾ԣ֮ҲǲĨɱɳԽݵļޣ
ǻԭҶЦŶλżŵĴɱֱԵľ⣡
ҶЦѪͳһ£˼ѪӽӲȴȫһ£
Ѫʲôˣ۴ҲҪɵ߷ֵĳɱ֣ҶЦŸճδʮ֮ЩҵȴҲδɱĿ
ҶЦǺܶɱֵ˱ѪӲǵ׼ҶЦɱֹƧԼ̬ѪΪԼĴԼһѵҶЦ̫⣡
ɱжɱֵ״̬Ϊ䴵͸ıԣ
ȻҶЦǣѪ֮£չһЦܺã
ҶЦ΢΢죬ȴлǰ̧
Ѫӵֱ˵ʵ̧ٹ˼ҵӣֻ¾ܳˡǿɶϲˣԺҪɽи˵ԵҲö๣ô˵ɣҶ㣬һ󡣡
ҶЦһǰӣҵϲ£
Ѫƽ죬䣬
ҶЦһлǰ֮
Ѫӵ⻰Ҳҵĵлʲôˣ񶼱ҽֹ߱ȣȵܹɱֶͻƽƵʱȻԳ


492 Ҷ쳾ľ
ҶЦĬһ£ǡǰ˼
Ѫӵͷȴ˵תʼרĵذԼϵƣ̴ǡȽϹǶ׼Ȼ΢΢죬ǡһӽ֮ϣȻ˹ٶϹǽϵĹ̡
һȴǿҶЦǳ鴤
ĬĬͳƿ񵤣Ѫӵǰȴδ˵ʲôʾ⣬㼴ǰȥ
ǵ񵤣ѪһƿҶЦıӰ
ҶЦòƲΪȻʹǵҲƵҩ˿ǰãǡ֣
ѪӵһЦƼ鵤׵ãֻһҲûŴްѻ˵ɣҪѣԵýˣ
˵ձ㼴󷽷ؽ񵤷ֵÿţһˣűá
ҶЦһЦټ
ȥ
һ·ȥȺֳȥƿ񵤣ŵɽ
ɽϣҶ쳾׷￴ҶЦһ·ɽľٶȫο
Ҷˣ
׷Ҷ쳾ǰ˵
Ҷ쳾΢Цͷ
硭֮ǰ֮ԷҶҾ屻𣬾ΪСѪɣ
Ҷ쳾΢Цúŵȫǡ
˵䣬ҶЦѾɽ
Ҷ쳾ʵôˣ
ҶЦĬ˰ΣſʵΪοҶҾΪҶˣȫøɸɾ
һͻأسһһɫ䣬ȻµҶ쳾뷨˼·Ҷ쳾ΪҶ棬ӱᱻۻںֿԣ˵ȥģҶ쳾Ҷұ
Ҷ쳾ͫһ£ô
ҶЦʣΣ֮Ϊ𣿲𣿡
Ҷ쳾ҵĿһ㣬ȴͣȷʵǲʵģΪҶҵҶҶ֮£޸ɣ
ҶЦһʱȻ
˱˴ԣӣһӲ
׷￴˫˫
Ǹոշ֣Ҷ쳾ҶЦԸ񣬾Ȼ˵
׷ﳤ̾˿ɵӣ쳾ôѡʮľһôܲʹࣿһУȫΪ㡭
Ҷ쳾ȵ׷
ǿǰɭȻ
Ȼ׷仰ϾѾ˵ꡣ
ҶЦӲһ£Ťתͷɽ£ܹԼеɫ˷֣Ȼۺ¾ȴԹۣĳδ⡭
׷΢΢ŭ֮Ҷһ֧ľ御עʱ֮£ȫڳܱ֮֡Ժһһĳǿɣ
ҶЦԵʱĬ
׷仰˵ĿνˣǰڸҶЦδɱϵòȻҶЦʣԼһͳ£ô֮Ҷľ帲𣬹ȻսԼС
ΪЩˣһԼ
ΨԼͳ
һ֮ҶҵҶ֮죬ܹŷ
ʱҶ˱ȻȺ£ʵΣԵµջ󣬶ֻᵼ׳ʣΪʵϵ¹ףԼΪ˷ڣ㲻Щ̫ƽϣٳȴҲ
Ҷ쳾ԹۣӾ御𣬿ĺݵ˷ָʵȴǽԼδȻǰõع⣡
Ҷ쳾˵ҶЦȴҲⷽȥ²⡣
ϾҶЦΪֹʼΪԼҶԼҶǡ֮ҶҶ
һڣҶЦԾֵúҲǰһϯҶ쳾Ҳоϡ
ֻҶ쳾ľϣȴϵó
׷һ仰ʯ쾪֮࣬ȴɽϵĸˣһѿĳĬ֮С
˵б仯㲻ҲΪΣ֮Ҷ쳾̾˿º͵ת仰⣬Ƶǰεľ档
ҶЦƺҲε֮һ˳˿˵ݽսһɶ췽б䡣ҺܾܿǡƸ¥֮İ׹ӣѾ붫һΪ˵ǰ֮Уǿһ
Ҷ쳾üͷŶķٹȻκŵ͵͵˵ڴ¿ʵ֤
ҶЦʱûУֻһָо
Ҷ쳾Ĭһ£˵о
ҶЦ׼ȷһ˵Ӧֱ
ֱ֣ҶЦ˵úء
ţҶ쳾ܹס
ֱͨ˶翣׽ĸӦȻΪȵزĴڣȴѾͬ
Ҷ쳾᲻ȻԼô˵ķ
Ҷ쳾ɫֱ˱䣬ȴǵ֪ˡ
ҶЦվһᣬѽͻȥˡ
Ҷ쳾һ⡭ţΪ㣿
ҶЦнס
Ҷ쳾οĵͷʵн۷壿
ҶЦǡ
Ҷ쳾ίʵǷǳȥɡ
ҶЦٲ׸ԣɽȥ
Ҷ쳾վɽþò


493 ̽
׷ﶼһͷˮ
Ȼо˵ĻһֻԴζУʼͷԣҲûûɶ
磬Ǻ⣿̲סʵ
Ҷ쳾û˵ֻ΢΢ЦЦ
һЦƺǰ˺ܶຬ塭ЦøɣƺǧΣȫһ㡣
һ̣Ҷ쳾Ȼһſڣһ½ȴǽƺԴһԲԲ͸쳾߶ѪӵˣϹʮλ۷֣Ƹ¥ܵľɱԷ߽ߡ
Ȼж췽ս룬ȫԱˣۼҪκˣ
һԴΪһҪ񣡡
ǣ

߶ǳǿϮƸ¥
ֹ߶ǿһϮս⣬޿ɿ⣡
ӣѾ᧿Σʱܷɢܿ䡣
Ƿã
ӣĿǰǶһֱŵĸʵֻ¡Ҳֵס߶Ⱥ˵ľɱȺѲɷˣԴѹСǿҲˣȻԶΪʤϲֹһ֮ˣҪֺϻ˽֣̫޳ˣ
սȴʵǺЧġս
ӡսˣ

սϴȫجģѶɥϢ
׳ˮ̬ľȻڣ΢΢̧ͷôȥˣ˳ְɣס߶
Գ֣Ȼ԰׹ӵľе⡣
Ƹ¥صδɷź췽Ԯĸѡ񶼿ɼʱ⵱ǰĽ;ؾʹ˾ɼԳأҪ֪׹ǷƸ¥ͷԳ󣬹Ȼܹʿһ˵ȴҲʾƸ¥ʵֹڴˣbossòˣƺֵòʧ
н׳Ŀ䣺κ
׹ӻδ䣬ӶȻһɫӰһʧԭأΨһĨ
˴˶һۣϢԭʧٴγֵʱѾǧ֮սϡ
ͬ߶ڵʮ֣ٲȻγһ޼᲻ݵĶֵڷƸ¥Ӫ֮У޼ɵɱ
Ƹ¥ƾһֹŹֵƣ˷ӻжܣ޶ȵصֿԷĿ񹥣ͬʱͼԷڴ֮⡣
ɹЧ߶˵Ĺܵ˶ƣȻۺε󷨣Ҫ൱ԷӲܿ˵ʤ߶˵ۺʵʵ̫ǿԶԶƸ¥ӦļޣԾзӣھս֮£ԷͻƣһԷȫͻƵĻôƾ˿ķƸ¥೬ֵȣᱻԷͻ֮࣬նɱ
𾳾ų۷壬벽֮䣬Ѿо޴Ĳ࣬벽㾳һ޴Ĳ࣡
ʮˣоŸ˶ʵʵ㾳ǿߡʣµˣҲֻһǲ죬ˣǰ벽㾳֣
֮ʮһԱ㼸ǷƸ¥ǿߣݣƸ¥Ȼٻг󷨼ӳ֣׳еƼ࣬ȴʼ޷ֲϵĸ߲࣡
ʵƸ¥ת󷨿˵Ʒֹʹ֮ҶЦٹ֮ҲҪΪ֮̾ȻƸ¥浱ǰ֮ˣ󷨵Ĳٿǳ֮ҲǿܹƵѣҲֻǷ˴ʮ֮һİأʮ֮һȴܿס߶ɽһĿ͹ơ
ۼ᧿Σ벼󡢷ֵѹ־ڱðѪ
Զ׼ĸޣȥ˱ıԵʱȫ̱
ɽңէȻһХһƬɫ⻪תϣһտȻԣȻн
һεļг֣Ȼʹ
۵ңڳйͬ뷨֪
ȻһЦƴһӰĳڰУһ˿ɵЦ˵ţ߶ȻǿߣһΪ㿰춯أȴ鴫
ɽңоֹѭ̧ͷһȴһӢİ¹ӣէȻУĿǺЦݣңңԼ
һϮڳƮ裬էɽңεˣȴо̲֮ڵǳľ޴
׳׹ӣɽңһХ۶磬ȥ˿֮ϡ
ǰ׳׳ЦЦүӵƢδ̫ЩҰ׳Ƹ¥ССֵļҵﾭүӵĳڣ
ɽңŶ˼ǲ˵ҵӦӴ֮Ҷм۵ļҵȫڣ


494 Ϸ
׳һЦ֮սδ׳Ϊ󱲣ʢĩ٣֮ˣʤǰˣ׳ҲľĩҪºһźá
ţ˼ˡ˵ˣѾԽɳ̲ˣɽңͫ׼
ˣ׳ɫڳү仰ȴЩˡ
׳˼ɣֶθ귭ƣ㸲ƣֹֿݡɽң
Ҫ˵ʲô׳
Ƿںʵֻ£ɽңȵز仰Ӧ˽
׳ͷϿɵǰ⻰ίʵ˵ڵ
ôǰҪôһεǷǹ
ɽңǾ仰ȭͷǵ׳ǰʱŻǹݣһ۱һ۵Ĵʧˣ񣬳죬Ƹ¥ҲѾȥ㿰Ϸ࿴ĵزôȻҪ׹Ӧء
ԭ߶Ľһһ԰ĳȭͷ󣿹Ӳ׳ЦЦĺȻ
ˡɽң⡣
ȻˣǾǰµ۶ʤ˭ĳһսʤ۸ߵͣ׳ں󣬰Ȼ
仰һʳ߶һߵʮˣ˶һԾԾԡ
ɽң˭ԸŰ׹棿
ң

ң
ҾҺʡ
СΪǳԸΪ̽̽·
ҳ֣СˣһƲʾɢ
澡Ⱥ鶦УΪһս
׳ĿʼȻЦݣΨȴɿһ˿ʡ
ɽңɫȻһ
·ʮλ۷ǿͻȻȻ
ɽңƣ
Խڶ͹ش㽫ĳʤңĳ̶ĻӵĸУ
׳Цԭ⣬߶֮սҵŮսȻǰͽ̣׳ҲֻӲͷƤһԡʾء
߶һߵȺ޲󻩡
Ů
Ű׳仰ڣͻȻһʡ
ȴһƬţޣʥ֮һƬտͬգ󺣣ٲ⡣
Űʷ֣ŮӰ֮ڰ֮С
Ů˶㣬绪ٹ˲ұӣֻǾһƳȴҲΪ֮㵹
Ůͬʱڿ嵭ţƶ֮֮㣬Ӣ¾
һ仰˵꣬˾һһҵվڿУƽ
ƶ֮֮㣡
Ŀ¶͵ɫ׹ӣ˾ɫ飬Ȼһ
׳ǺһЦϣ룡
Ƶ׹Ӷ˵֮Ϊǿھ죬һϹͷֻѵ
δ䣬ȻһһѽȻ֣Ȼ𣬰лѹƣʱ޷䣬иһһ飬¶õ⡣
׳ЦЦһ¶һ
һ˰
ͨ巢ɵİ׹⣬Ǳһһ㣬
ű볣ʮ˰֮У޵֮񣬹֮ʵ޳֮Ȼ֮ƣȻٷߣΪһһ
ҶЦǰ߻﹫ӣ﹫ӱΪʥԪףߣȴΪ＼൱ĳɾͣѰЧܣ
ȴ֪׹ӵʲô죡
׳һӣɽҰͻȻʵ׳˵ϣˣ
һ׹һӿȻ¡
ڳˣֻӰһȻѾս졣
׹ӵǻǧ򣬷׷Ĵӿ
ÿһӰӣľ
಻ĽͬĹӰǧȷؽ׳ӰƬƬ顣ÿ׳һӰбдƬƬİΪ֮ѡ
ɽ֮УҲĲһ̿ή
գգ۵ʱֻӳǧ򽣣˿Ҳѷڰ׳ˣй֮
˴ӵϿ£ȴɵһ·򵽰Уֱ֮ϡ
˵ļս쫷統ն
׹һֱϣ쳹ʣȻƵİ罣⣬ȴǳա
Ȼ˫߷ɣǧΪϸ߾óѾռ˾ԵĹƣԵƣ׳Ȼ֧ţֵ֧֣֧ú࣬֡
԰׳͡ݶۣܹǿ֮һһսһսˣѾܿɹ˭ҲҪΪ֮̾Ȼ˾ȴ֮ӮΪضд
ֻǣս쳣˵̬ʣƣȴûаָı䡣
׳ʼձŲķǣһ
ֹ˺ðΡ
ǧŰپʮŽһХ֮࣬ӿƮƮ¡
׳ԾڿǳЦȻ
׹ӹȻ֮ߣƵսʹգҹ֮սʹգ׹Σ
׳һ񣺡׳лǰ顣
Ŀһۣ飿ǵ˿飬ֻһͿأսǼȥ󣬰׹أԴܣȡ裡սǰǱȫ棬׹Ӻݴȣ鴫
׳΢ЦϹǫ˲ǡ
ƹһЦع鱾ӡ
ɽңһХȻսգôսټ
һӣʮֵˡ
׳һӣЦλǰߣսǰɡ
Ů෢ֹ˷Ƹ¥׷ۿ߶һ˵ƮȻȥ׳¶΢΢ĳء

Σɽңʵ
׳ѳɾͲ֮ص
ţѾԼڽɽ֮Уɽң
ƵĪҿռϷ磬ʵһӦƾգιû壬ʱɽӴ½ֻͽ޹亦Ͼ粻ɽӴ½з׵ҽ𺣡
ɽңһȻǡ
ȻڵΪûһƳ˴֮ô͵ͬڹǿաҪǵһô¼䣬ܵˣ
ɽңе֮ɫ˿δ̾˿벻죬ȻһӣѵӶ죿

ʼû˲룿Ҷ쳾¶ľȡ
ǣʹǵ󣬷Ƹ¥Ѿӽ𣬶췽滹ûκζȫ޲ִۡɽң
׳Ѿ㾳磿Ҷ쳾ü
ǵģ䱾Ϊ㾳д˵УһϢһĲ֮˵˵áɽң
׳սӮƣ
ǣֻ˫֪ʤؼ㵽ֹϲ䡣
ǰ׳Ϊûжչأӵ㾳Ϊв֮Ϊѣϸöչɣ㲻ȫǣֻҪܹɱκһ˶Ǽջ񡣡
ɵ֮ʮտʤɣ
顭ЩԾҶ쳾˼ţȻҶЦ˵ǰ̬Ծô׳Ǳ߾ͶȻ쳣һֱǰȵزȴֶߣȴΪΣ
磬ԭ롭ɽң˵ǲ𣡡
Ҷ쳾΢΢̾˿
漴ʵƸ¥ӵеʵڵľȽϣͣ
ɽңǽĺ˰Σ²°ɡֻ͵ǰķƸ¥սҪѷɫھһǰ쵼ߵıȽϣڲ֮䣬ֻǾǱѷǴȽϵĻ׳ΪֻѾᲢۣҶЦϷС
Ҷ쳾üͷ
ԣ׳ģ֮ڴ³ƽռϷ硣к󣬱ὥ䵽·磬Կȷȥ磬ȫ˲ġǣһսǧ֮ս䵽һ̶֮ȴӶţɣ
ɽң˵仰ʱܳء
Ҷ쳾Ĭһ£Ȼ˵Ļôڵİ׳졣
ĺ˼ȻѾ˵زѾǴﵽĿģҲٿʲôˡ
Ҷ쳾̬˹øı䶯ϱ죡
ݷŶ첻ᡣҶ쳾һϷ
Ϸ
ɽңȻ
һͿ̿Ϸ


495 ϱս
ҶЦ׹ӵĶϱۺܿ͸ܵ״ا䣬·綼ǳ˶⡣
ԭĴսĿǽս֪Ӻʱ𣬽Щμ֮Ҫ
ͻȻðƺγĳһĬͬһʱø˾ְ
˵ǻ⣬ô˾ְµ֮У⻬ǰ״ôʵĳˣ˾ְıȸøУ
Ƹ¥ɼصĲбܽ׳󼺷֮󣬿ʼת췽չһʳ
Ȼ˫δչ𲢣ΪƸ¥治ϵɧţ˫˲ϼӾ磻ɵĻڶ췽ȻְȻ֮ȴѾȻתһЩͨľµ֮УȻγһǰ֮ơһֺܲȴʵڵĸоʱԱչ͹
Ҷ쳾սȴԷƸ¥һ֮޽һԶѸٻ£γһֻ޴ȭͷϷĴͻӳ
ҶЦͳľʱͬѩһԽԽ󣬽׳£ܱǴﵽǧ֮ޣ
Ǳھʮõ£شչˮһ๥
˶⧲ʱ޽ս䣬Ժͻأķʽ֣һһս֡
׳ķƸ¥۵Ӵͣһ·򱱣Ա׷ʹ
ҶЦľҶ쳾Э֮£ͬǰҲиĿʼչǿʹ
һǰԣ˾ְǣԣ
սΧսʵ״ȻǲʬɽѪɺӣѾһݣһʵ
£ҶЦ׳¶һִ
ҪڶԷƽнһǣʱȽԼ󷽵ƽȻǣҵԷһһ£
ǻ̬ʱȻγ˭Ҳ˭ǵ״
뱱ۺͷ±һʱ֮һ¡
ֻһʵ
⡭
ʵѾ巽ΧҶ쳾
ǰս֣Ѿµĺ쳾ϴƣһ֮սٶµߣ
ȫ¾壬оޣӮңǿķأͿ˭Цѣ
ȸ𣬶ЯַƸ¥ģҶҶǣһһϱ춯֮Ȼ
ʵ֮λ۴ֱӱŭ
ȫ
Ҫϱƽˣָͬζʳ죬ôõ𣿣
ѵǽԼ˵ϱˣ
׳ɱҶЦŪСģϵģ
ֱԴ鱱ۺҲֻһ֣ƣ
һտʼ˫սȻǰӾ磡
ϱ˫Ĵ󷽣Ҳʼ˽٣ԭ˾ְغԮ󷽸֣һʱϸ޽Ԯս
һʱ䣬쳾Ƽˣ
ĶǱټ֮ǰ϶Χ˴֮ҶҶһˣʤȯɲ٣Ȼƣ缺ٳսʧʧسеʵڱ죬ǻһĸ߶սŻԵô֮ԪȻǴ򣬶һҪսûսҲһأ
ͬ˼˽У챱֮Ҳǣǰʣǿʵսֻ¾Ҫ޺󳾣֮ȻٵһʱټսԮ
˵սֵ˴˼ʣս쳾죡
һʱ䣬ϱսǰ
սȴ·˿ҲӰ쵽һˡ
ҶЦһݺУʱоʱɱǰʱӪʱս㡭
ĸ֣Ȼϵ䣬Ҳϵز֣
ҶЦ޽ң޽˿޽ʵʵı
ݿ˵Ǿ߱ȻиС
ʮ޽Ƭؽһֱų֮⣬ΪĽ֮أͬʱҲ׶ϾЩ˵Ľ֮·
սξˣΪξֻǽúçܣ
ݴףҲᱻٷϡ
ʶ޽еʹ
ƣѧգңȻ仰Ȼ޽
ҶЦĺն㽭ͣç˿ϣΪԼΪ죬ҶЦֻ˭仹һϼӳ֣ܲľ
ҶЦʵģһֲֿٶȣ׳ͣ
Ϊأֵս֣Ҷսһ֧ʮӻֻܱƽɫľã죬ȴѱ˾ѹʵս
кܶγ״˫սʱͻȻô޽ĪͻȻսǿƲսרŶչ񹥻
ʲô״Ͷ״ѡ
϶ǳϲͶ״췽ȴ϶ϲ
ǳϲ
ѾһΣƵ˷ָڿս֮ҪһԤۺֲ֣֪ʲôʱս⣡
Ҷ쳾ĸ߶ս߶ˣڱƺ沢ûκιϸȻҶЦָ֮ȻҶһֳ֣
ھҶЦҶ壬˵ҶһëǮϵûУҲˣϹ
ǰսһ߶ȣȴһ˵
˫̬Ҳԣݱ˲ݣƲ
̫ƣ̫Լһ޽֧ԮʱֵҶЦ˹ΪǿȰ裬ֱӳҶЦϮ֮
̫Ӳɳ嶯ҶЦպգΪ۷壬㾳ǿߣҲĶ֣Ŵ֮һĵ䳤վڴС
ЦǻЦԶﴫǾ׵ľҶЦԿ޵Ĵԣǵ䳤ʲôˣǿǵǿߣƽɥһƿСУЦ
̫ӵ£ǡǿɲǴ԰
ǲһֱ˵һŶʮꣿ̫үһǣдųǼ˵ʮ㾳ǿ𣿡
ڽȻ
̫ӵ˵òҲǺе˵
ʮǿߣ±˵Ǵ˵Уֻ¶벻ô׵ɡ
̫үԹĳսˡ
ҳɱҶЦĵҥԣҾģ
̫үЦ
֪˵رãر𲻺ã֮һ·дȥƽ˳ҶЦ
ҶЦۼԼ±ɱ˲٣Ȼŭڣƴһ̫ʮ˸СһҶЦܸӵʩչһУ
Υϼ֮ͬ죬޷ɫ紹ĻԴΧ޲ĹֶΣȫλ̫һңȻ̫ȫҽһûü㼯廯һӣ
ʱҶЦ֪Լ˼ɱʲôˣ˵ҲֻЩֵͷѡ
Ͼ£òƶ֪Լսնɱսػһλ۷ߣ㺷ηƳһǴȫһ
ʵ̫̫֡أ̫˵
ҶЦսֱսᣬʤ顣
һ桭
ȴֱӷˣ
۲ͬ꼴ӰĽӰˡ
ͳ̫һ鲻۷ΪɼһߣԼĶӺţ԰Լǰκ̫ӻӣȫֵһӣ
ǰսҲ۴˶Լӵռ֮ս
ͬʱҲչָۿΪֻж۵ĶӰ׳һ˳ɳ˿Զһ̫Ҳصĺ֮г͵
սǰ룬սԭ鲻۷ΪƱٽһΣֻҪӽ磬ΪȹˣԼˣλ̫ӡ
ȴõԼδüԼһ棬㼴һغ
ҶЦ֣֮ɲǵֱӾٲϾҶЦĳפǰεȴֺ⣿
ʤһ˻ϲ֮⣻ʵõһ׳
һһ£зɢϵɽ޽ɣɢޣ뵽¾һƬڡ
Ȼڣ췽ͻȻڴǿѹϣ󣬸ʮԤ۱ʿԴʱս
ļƣҶЦԾСҶ쳾Ҳһ
Ͼ췽ų̣Ǿս̬ƣ
Ȼ˫ս²Ȼ췽Ϊأ˫սֲδʧ⣬Ȼ岨ԾάĲϣ췽һ֮ΪԮӳսսͻȻ벻ڳȲݵļƣ
ʹ˫֪һᷢչһֽ׶ΡڲûеòþսģʽʱѾ
Զԣ־սģʽ˫ǲּĲŶԣ˫Ҷ߶սռţԶԶ㣬βʳ׳ϲߣֵδսδһ߸˿սԣֻҪһʧ֣⵽췽ѻ췽汣սʱ֣ͬϲߣػ㻭ͻתչ˵أ
ô˵ѾڵıˣչĻЪ˹ļ˽ǰ㲻滨٣ʵˣϲΣ
ս֮ϣʲô䣬Ψʿ䣬ֲϮ˷ȻҲʾ
ҶЦѸٵ裬񣬾һ㽫Ѫɱ¾ȴԽսĲӿֶ࣬Ϊ
ȫӭս
սȿնж
ۺʵϣҷռƣͷǸҲȲϡǸȶԷʤȽԷָӹٴöԷûͷĲӬ
ս
սɣ
ҶЦһȣãڳ֮󣬺Ȼս
ҶЦҶ쳾Ҳһ


496 
ǵĸȶԷ࣬ȷʵǲʵǡ˼ҵĸ߶սҲ˼һԼǿѹóȻնսĿռ𣿣
ʵ̫ðʧˣ
Ҷ쳾ȻҶЦݾأȻٰΣȴҲֻýԼеҲ˳ȥ
ⲻ֪ҶЦҪľ
ǰһ֮ҶЦ֪ԼҶ쳾Ī󣬸Ҷҵϣڣܳ£˿ѡս˽Ҷ쳾һҲȫ泶սֵ㣡
Ŵ߽ߵĳ֣⻷ƻսΧڵɽȻ飬ѣӣ漴ȴּɽεضĿĴر쳾ɳǱߵϻȻһ󶴣һ̾ͱƽ
ν׺ɣǡ
˴սʹ˿һս֮ǰһ̾ĬձģʽȻֱ಻ϣݵĿĿĹ֮£˷Ѫɣ˵ݱѪӯ졭
һ֧˶ӣǰһ̻ݺңתۼȫ𣬶ĸսӿսʮ֮ĶսδսѾĻǰ߱߹Уûǰһʬ廹ûüŲߣѾһʬǣνʬɽѪѲݵǰս֮ҡ
һʼʱ򣬶ߵȥﻹЩܲˣ˺ÿ˶Ѿ˾ռߣϰΪ
սɱ뱻ɱ˵Ѱ
ȻԽˣһеǿָЩþҩԵۺ죬Ľʺޡ
һ¡ղֽնɱش˽ǣƸҲɵƣȻ󲻾֮ȴֿɱ
ӾĲпʵβõ˱
ƫƫ˲ֹһΣǰٴǧ̫̫ΣֻҪ㲻ҲܿΣ
ʹ־μ֮ˣҲҪΪ֮ҡס룺ҲǾˣҲܡҲĶ
ȱսΣ̣֮Ī˵ôصˣֻأ߾ͻᱻʱģ۱ȷȴܹһҹ֮ȫָǺεĲ죿
Ҷûϵʱ򣬴Ҷ룺ֻһƴ˭˭ƴһƴ׬һ
㷢֣Լһȥƴʱ򡭡
Ƿݱͱˣ
ҷΪ࣬ƴȫӪܾ˵ľ棬ˣɻ㣡졭ñָ״̬ɱһǴ״̬֮ûκλ⣬ǻ⣬ֱⱾ⵽Ѽȥˡ
ʵ̫ƽˣ
췽ĸֶǱ״غһʵʵ˵
ĹƽƽûģҪ༸ĲѣֻҪȻ࣬ô򵥣
ڴбɣͲҪڷˣ
Ҫһͳ£Ҫ˲ţ֮·ǰ㻹ԥʲô
㰮͹ͼս£ӵļ򵥡
ҿǸ˲Ų˵ǲ֪ô񡣡
ģֻһӡҲˣս
ƴƴˣ֣ܳõսȥȥ
鵽˭˭˰ɣ
ƶ˻ȫսսԣĲģսսϽηӳľ޴á
ʱƣ˼䣬־ȡ
Ӫ֮У֪Ӻʱʼһĳ˲г
أ׼׼ϾҪսˣһŸŵѽһ
һģ޾ɣǻðɡ
ǵĺιǸûб˾߳ʵʵĵ¡
Ȼ˼ʣһʣȴʳ˴ë
սʲôսֱӵˣ˼Դһ붼ܻһ¾ˡ˼һʮ߰˱顭򣿴ë˷ۡ
ǣôôɱ˼ҩһţֱԭѪôģô򣡡߷ߵӦ͵
ʵ˭ֻظʥҩ׵޼֮ҩƷƽǧһţᣬ˼ҾǱ߾ǸҪǮƵģһƬƬǼš˸̾
˵ĶǷϻ֪ǧҩУֵõ㣿Ʋ졣
˭סʵôĹѪǰ챻ҿļһһÿΪ֮¡ôۿġһѪ˶Ƶģ̧ȥȻԵڶˡ
Ͳˣ֮ǰҲƽ˵ԼҼԺãһϣԼļûôãһ֮ºûʹȥ㣬ѾǱɱôôֳˡ
ëԴӿսڣǱиһﶼɱ߰˴ˣÿμҾ͸ʼΪԶʤ˳ָһӾŪˣ֮ÿһΪв׵ǰһΣȻһʤ´ٻʱĲȷܻܲصˡ
˵һǧһ˼ҾҶǽֵǵԼˡԣǵԼֵܿߡѾģЩ˾ڻҡ
ڻҾڻң˲һ¡ɶ
ԵġӼҲСҲһΪƾɶ͵õƾɶڻң
㲻㲻˵˵а취
ߣ
ۣ֮ϣأҲ޿κΣҵѹڵѹֻἤһı䡭
ʵײ٣ҲƵۣĵٵ˾鵤ҩظ˾͸һҩҪء
˲ҪǵǱߣҲǸ߲ɲݣ
Ҳ˵ǣߴʵ̫ˡ˼Ǳ˸߲ҵǰ̣սⲻʲô£ڵ˼ҵ治һɾˡ
˼Ҳǻʵǰ̣ʲôƨǣ
ֵԹ죬̻ô򣿡
ԹűԹţߵĻûԹأĹˡ
һս
ս֮ƱԹٶ
ûûϴαҲնǸСӡָҶˡô㣬ͣǲˣҪӹձնһѡ
ˣҲŲأѾģǰսʱǼһﻹҶأҴôڴڵѪûѾģǽһͰұ˼ҵĵҩˣΪ㿴ﱻġﱻġôҲһҩظظ

զأ໽ų壬Ǹ϶ֱӽԴˡۿġǸ֣֮ǰĶսУŪ߰˻ˣ˼һһεĻսͱ˴һأûˣɲ͸Լ˵ģٻ֮ʱĲȷǲǻٻ
Ǻкʬȫȳ࡭ͷźƵãġ
˼ǱҲˣ˼Ǳˣžͳȥܳǵͱʬġû£
ôҲ϶ֿһ첲˼һϧأ˵ǣ첲ܽӲȥˣǲмͶսҲûǰߣҲ᲻һˡѾġӲмˡĲֵǮˡ
սս췽ʿԡ
۾ֻҪսһȴͬμʢһ۷Ź⣬˸߲ҡ
ǶԣֻҪгĶԼεĽʺޣǾˬòҪҪã
پһݣľ͸Ǵȱѣ콽һưˮһ
Ҫˬжˬ
֡Ť̬ÿսǿȥԼ϶֣ףȥԷϵĽʺޡ
Ϊ¶֡ԷʶԼԼԽأ
߲ȻǲᳫôҾԷôˡʱа粻ң˺ĳЩһԷĳЩ˾ͱҪˡ
ûˣֻǸĳЩ˴棬ܰԼ
һԽԽǱԽԽ˷ܣʿ˳֮£ľĴӸϵĿʼҡңһʰ
һ죬սϣս֮УһͻĳХ𺳳գ
һ֮£׷̧ͷѭȥ
ֻڰУһݰӰ޵еȻ֡
һϮ£Ȼս֮ϣۻɽˮĸҹһ㣬񣬹˫
һ̣۵ҶǱ⵱նİ˷һ¡
¼䣬Ȼ˺һ
ǰڿȴŲʵһ㣬Ȼֶߺ΢Ц£ɸҶЦһս


497 ֮Լ
¹ƽκεĽţԼս֮˵еĲҲ˿
Ψˮƽ
Ȼһƽȴ鼰սڳÿ˵Ķһ仰£ɸҶЦһս
Ӫое¶ʱ
ΪһرһˣԷԼս޲սĵ
Լᣬܶսô͵ԵƱظӵһкǧ
˷ǵսȴǺްյġ
κ˶̲ס룺Ϊһ׿ҶЦûбʤİգôԼս
ǧǰö֮Լս
˵һһɱǿߵ䳤յսǰ´սֺã
ҶЦԭȻȺɫ޾ϲƽ͵Ȼ
ƺ³ҲãҲգûеϡ
Ƭ֮ûԼ
ǺǡҶЦ΢΢ҡҡͷЦЦ
ת˷Ҫ뿪
ʲôĻû˵
ȻһȴͻȻ䱬컶һʤҲƣ
Ĳÿ˶ľɥ
£˧Ȼһս
ҶЦԭ֮ϵӻ£ɫ֮ǰһƽ伴ڵϵһ˲䣬ͻȻһȺҶЦ
ҶЦԻ³صȻһ٣šһӣȻػظ߿ա
ҰУأԻ³Ӱôʵ
Ȼ֮ϣʵȴѾɽ
أĿԸӡ
ҶҪսսαˣŪļƣƾĽԼݣ
ҶЦȻһЦ˧仰Ҳˡս֮ϣΪʤ㣬伫ƽ飻Լս˧ȴˣŪĻ⻰˭ҲҪĪΪȻѣ˵㣬Ҿʮ֣־ɱ˧ҲսսãҲ˵жְɡĹƽһս˧˵ôô
ҶЦ˵ⷬĴڳÿ˵Ķ˾
սսΣʱһ֮أҶЦսѾ̫µ۵ſڴƻơû֮ӡ
ҶЦڹ޼ɵĵ̣˼ǰˣŪƤӲȡ裬ԱУ
߳ŭ˧ŭҶЦս
ҶЦ΢΢һЦҪ˧һսΪһս
ٲϻһ֣ĿһƬ̹Ƶʱǡ
ҶЦǱȴһƬʣ˹彣ȴδӦԣͷŽ֮࣬£лɱ䳤յսǰǸ𲢣۸㡣ֻҪܽӱ´Ӵ˳·
仰һڳжΪ֮һ

ڿЦ˵󻰣ֻǳ˵Σ
ҶЦɹɱͬΪǿߵĵ䳤գҲôĴԲѰɣ
˾͵֮սϸ飬䳤ҶЦ֮ʵй̲Ķ࣬Ȳ˵֮ս죬ҶЦǵвΪӦŮֻ֣˵䳤ļԮ־ȣʱԶʤҶЦΪսǵǰ㣡
һһеĲؾעڵ䳤ϣܵùȻȻҶЦʤȴǸΪң
ʲôˣ³˱Ϊ㾳֮⣬ʮ֮ǰһʵ룬žһۣҲа°ɣ
±ŭŭȵҶЦ㾹СϷϷնҪնڽ£
¿ô˵ÿĵȴһƬء
ҶЦƽƹʵ˽⣬ǵҶЦս䳤֮ʱΪ뵱ǰĶԱȣҶЦȻҵ˵仰Ǿһа֮ڻԼ
ҶЦΪ֮٣ѳߵ֪룬֮ǰܵ䳤վһҲû죬ҶЦΪȻʱ࣬ԣ֮ԼпܾԼ֮ѵһսۣ
ڣԼļʵڴˣ
д˾ܵ治
ҶЦʼάŵ΢ЦĿעµ챩ŭͳ˵һ
֪ΪΣµǧΧۣõкεȵȻҶЦֳڣͻȻһӱüžţ
Щ˵ģ˼ʾҲһ˼֮ϵĶսĵȴţƱؾ춯صľ
Ϊ
ҶЦһХȫ֤յطҡһ̣޾ռһƬ󺣱˲ɣۺһ
ⵯָһ˲䣬ƾ£һصľ޴ʹڣ
һ̣Բǧؽ緶֮ڵˣͬʱһϢĸо
ҲоԼκڡ
߶ԣĴû˿һʱ̻ˣûʧȥ˱֤Ϊڴˣٷ߶ѳ̶ȷУ
ҶЦĳǽؽһԵȫȡӶᣬǺεƣεȵİԵ
ҶЦⶥʹ֮ϣһȥ
ʹںƵط˳ȥ
¿ȥٶȲܿ죡
κ˶óһ¾£Ҳ㲻ܲ
ΪʹڣίʵѾ̫ˣ
µƶٶȶ죬ѳʹڵַ룡
һ̡
䣡
һĺÿ
ÿ˶оԼھҵĲ
ǰһâ貣ƺ棬ǳһ̣Լǰ
ʹڱը
ĽŴ˷صЮžµƣȶ
ÿһľ
޸ƣ
˹н٣µɫˣһȻ˳ȥ
һеȻˣȴԴ޵ʧ֮٣ֻһ㣬ԼӦô´ࡣ
ãȷʵӦƣҲڽӴ˲ƣˣȫһⶼûеģ

ԴҶЦĵһ³ʵ
˲ʱᣬһ֮࣬
ԭ򵥵úܣ֮һıڱ˴˹ƽӴĵһʱ䣬žһ࣬ȻһôСȱڣ
ȻһȴѾ߱ǵıΪҺ
ͬʱðһ͵سȥ
ԷĽȻ
ҶЦ
´һˣң
Էһɹ󣬴󷽷ڿ˵УΪ˵뵽ԷȻڽ£
ս֮£ȴһƬ󻩣
ϾǿҶЦ˵κεè壬ǺܵĽιƣһûнܲ˵ȴҪ˵Է㣿
Ķˣ
զ
״ǻĵǶϹ𣿣
߿նԾ֮أȻا䣬Ȼ·ӦѸ٣˵ø죬ȴʼʧȴȻҶЦĻʹڽ֮УȻ
½ӽ֮жΪлأаȫˣⲻ֪һ̾䣬ӽ̣֮ŲҶЦ죬в˫ľѾ̫̫ˣ޷Ͻ赽˿ҶЦ֮ϼ֮Уûƾִٶģ
಻Ŀ¡
һˣһ߽ӽԭŵ֣Ҳһѽ߾ȫ콣
ȻҶЦ˵ϼ֮У˰ϼз޼᲻ݵԣ˫ƴĹУһԿνţ쾡£
˫״̬Ƭ̣нѶѣ˫ȱһԭܵķߵʱ¶һ֮£ѶһѪۡ
ȻԴУϵȡߣԷֹһ̣ȻҶЦͳ޷޾ֹ
ǧʮ
ֵڣǰǰѾʧ߰ٶڳ
λųһղҵղؽã˼ȴҲòκһԵıˡ
ǣҶЦܽȴԾ½һɸϾɱĿ
һ֮£˼תǿɲǼγɣ
ò˵ӦԾɼ·ӦǵγɷǽʮǷнһӦԵϾֻҪ㹻άǽԳޱ߽
ֻϧı仯ԾɳµԤϣ»Ϊǽԭӵзޱ߽ķǽûзӳЧܣ޷ȫȻӰһ㣬ٴ㺣ǽ֮ڡ
һ̣һ춯صĲҽоʹէ죡
Ŀɿڴ˼鲻ŵĹۿ֮£Уԭǽ˵Ӱٶ֡
Ȼȴѻȸľ
Ϊе£˿̵£˸һֻĥ˵ȫÿһλȫѪ
ͷһֱģȫ£ˣٵ˿ھڱѪѪͬһѪɫȪˮһ㣬䡣
¾ûе¡
վţ
ȻѾˣѾսΪ̡
ȴԾȵվڿУһ˫۾ݺݵضҶЦ
ҶЦԼǰһ¿˵ˣҲ˵ûн


498 ˶񵱣
˵ˣ˼ʽȥû棬Ȼǽˣ
˵ûȴΪڵѾȥޣ˵ǿ֮ĩǺģǿ֮ĩȥ棬´˼Ѿǳ׵ˣ˿գΪҶЦϼˣǿԪٻظܹ
֮˼ʲҪ˵ҶЦһھֵʥԪԪߵһ±ѾӲˡ
ʮӳǿ߾ˣ
һ㣬սˣ¶ȴֲš
ҶЦͷĮȻ¹ȻһΪȻտȻܹӵҵĵһƾһ֤˧Ϊʤǵ䳤һֵ֮עˣǵڶУϷӯ죡
֮䣬һƬɫ뵣ԲĽ˲ʱͣɲǼ䣬ӳòؾһƬ⣡
һؾΪӯ޽ؽڵ˵ȴĿȫŨŨƺܵңȫһϮۡ
ϷγɵĽأ޽ϿХ
ԲؽŸոջظٶȱһɨգ
˶оóһ̺ܣҪԶԶһ
ӹһ˿Եľ
һԼҲӲˡ
Ȼ֪ҶЦоɱ䳤յսҲ֪ҶЦ٣Ŀǰǿ֣֮ҶЦʵأε٣ΪҲӦи޶ȰɣԸղһжۣеľ߸ǻΪҲδܹӳ˾ܣǱҶЦҲԼһ㣬ͬǿ֮ĩͬסΣҶЦʵڶģҶЦٳڶ
ֻڣˣҶЦ˵ڶڶܾƱȵһҡҶЦĵڶ
ԼܹӦأյĵӦԣ
Ӧȴ
ȴԼȴ
Ϊ˧ԼӦ˶ԷսԼս;սӣȲ˵ԼΣֻҪԼǰӶݣоӾ͵üʱ
ڶһˣѣȻҪˡҲ
߶ҶһǿԶԶعһĻ
ɽңɫЩ԰ףˡ
λһ̾ѵ»ܹ˳
˵ɫһ׷ҡͷ
ǶȻܷ顣
Ҳ˵¶ĹλȨأֻ˵˵Ʒ񣬾;һͶˡ
ֻϧһúӡɽң̾Ϣһ
ƵЦţת·ܿܿ޽ؽ磬ֻ⼸ѾʮڵЩжٺúӣǵҪ̾ϢⱲµӣֻ²øɱˣ

ͻȻһ˻ƵıȣҶЦĵڶ
ȫĴ
ҶЦĿ侲ĮһʵϷսҪ
ס֣
һϺȣһӰǻ˳յǣһ
񳣬Ŀ䣬ͷʹڣɫ۷죡
ԭں󷽵Դ˵һս㼴ӱ޸Ͼһ
ҶӥҶЦԼΪټȥ
ҶЦڳһϷգǰٴ㺣һ㣬֮㼴֮Уʧ١Цһ֮˶ԼΪ֮ʣڼȻѾ֮ԼҲأȻǿյġ
ͫһŶ
ҶЦ֮׼ذ㺬壬Լˣòֻ£챾ˣ˼켴٣֮ȻҲͲҪˣ
Ҳͬ˵ͷسӳǿߣѲҶЦУλҶͼ֮󣬿
ҶЦЦ˿δҴһʼţ۶϶ϲԼĵ±һɱһ֡ԣҶĳ֮ĸĿľڵȴ۳֡񣬴۹ȻûʧҲû˧ʧ
Ȼ޲֣Σ
ҶЦȻҲΣ֮ĶȻǴۣȴҲ˧۸õδ֮ȻһˣΪ
һߺ֮ɫҶĻȴ˿ۣ֪ʲôҪ顣
ҶЦȻҲûʲôҪ£ֻм䲻̫Ĵʵ֪ۡ
˶٣ͻȻһָŽ޽أ΢ЦʵҪ˵ĻѾ˳սȥذɣ
ŭϳ壬ҶĻţҲĳͳʮڣѹ£ȫҵһҲֻ˫˹˵ǲֻ¶Ņ̀ǾҶ˼ȴҪſڴƻƣ˵ʮڴذɣ˳䣿
ҶЦһЦۺα˵Ϳνۼͷ۶Ӯʤ˵Ǿս֮ʱϹֻǧˣܱȴʮڣ
أıԱĿѾǴۿ˵ڰɣֻܱʮˡҶЦ΢Цǰս£Ų˰ѡ
ٹ֪꣬жˣǱߣʣ¶ٱߣҪ˵ſڴƻơԲ𣿣
ҶЦⷬս޲Ϊ֮һݡ
챾ڣȻһ
ողսʱίʵֻǧ˶ѡ
ǣʱսȴѸţ˽ʱյ
ͷۣȴ˺ֹٱ
׳ٶȡǳȥ
ҾȻ࣬ǡȴǷˣ߱˵֮أҶЦ֮ԱǵɫһЦ̬زмҵԿޣԴޣȻʵʤ۱磬ֻ˵һںôκˣֻҪǼҾ󣬵õʮÿڵĳ֮ٶȾͽԭȵٱϣ
ܻ˵𣿿ʵ鱨ϵͳԱռ鱨ĸ߲ƽֻѱõ׵ˣڼ֮ǰΪ߲֮ǰʲôˮ׼Ҫǽʱյʵ̶ȣҪʲôΧпֻҪȽϣ۱µ򣡡
ҶЦһԳڣ˾ɫ䣬Ȼָһɫȴɶ֤ҶЦղŵ˵۵
µʱȻԭΪ¾Ⱥô
ˣܸǴ򽻵Щ϶ܹڶ̶ʱ֮䣬Ϊͻͽԭ³о鵤˳ưܣ
鵤ӻǾѾ־ȫˣȻף⻹ôŪ
Ϊұ;һҪȻƻڴˣ߳Ϊ֮⣬ҪȫȻжߵΪҲãһ޳黭ֻҪҾ£ȫϵٱǧΪı־ãʮ鵤ҩνĵ񵤣˵֮ͬɳÿһˣֻҪǵҾ
ȷԣʿзȨİɣ
ʿɫѿֹзȨֱҪĽʺĺ
鵤ҩ۸˵սǾĻսǣ
ЩˣЩ˻Ԫ鵤֮⣬󻹶ΪĵҩضɳϾ⿿쳣ķΧʧ֮ƫģ鵤ЧʲΪߣ
ҶЦϾЦ۱£Ҿӣʲô°ɣ
۵ɫ׺ˣƽάֲˡ
ڻ֪Լ˵ҶЦȦףҲΪ巽֮һʮˣ


499 
֮
ԭҶЦĶԼµԼȻռĿģ
Լȴôɵɵ˵װ׵ĸԼ˵һصߡ
ҶЦЦһһ˵ҾҪ̫࣬󾫲Ǳ֮Ҫҵ£ʱضӵг˰ٱϵٶȣлʥҩֻʮڴƽҲֻǷ֮ף
һХһһҶЦ
ҶЦȫȻ֮أȵҶЦҾҪ˲ţҪǿҪǣӵжһ֮ܣŹĺԾһƽ쳾죬۹ͣоˣΪ֮¶
ҪǾӢܼëյӵͷ
Ѿȱ
һĿޣһҲҪ
ľţϵĲ֮ãٲҪĻս㲻ٵ;ٲõǰ;ֻҪ˾κ㶼Ҫٵģ
ģһϯ֮أ
ģһۣ𽵹СӳҲҪ
ڴԼʮھʮڤо꣡
ҶЦһĴȣ޽죡
޽һǰļžΧ֮У
Ҷ쳾һ߶ˣ඼ĿɿڴĿ࣬ƿԣþ
˭Ҳ벻Ҳ벻ҶЦȻ޼ɵνΪ֮֮һ
Լ˧֮ճѾǺȻռĿģȴΪλǰԼĹ棡
ȻǰչڣĿŵ
оѾõΪˣȫȫɥĲʵʵ˷ָ˵޿̣̣
۵ıӶĳ˸ˣ
ƽĶۣҶЦ˵֮ⷬǰѾʶҶЦڣȴֶҶЦΪ޷ֹ
ΪҶЦ˵һн滰ʵ飬һۣ޷Ĩɱʸڷϣ첻ƤķϣֹҶЦкãЩѳ˫ʿټãֻǷȱһʵʱˣ
ҶЦ㵱޳֮Ӻݵϣ˼ѾһƬ࣬ɱȫΣӿⱬҶЦ
ҶЦ޳ܣ죬巽֮һԳ棬ȴҲ֮ͷҿñӰɣֻһ䣬ֻ˵һôѾȶĸ߹ְλĻжмӹٽأ
жˣŲ
жˣʵȴûһչĻ᣿
һϲʮ꣬ˣʲôͷĻ᣿
Ҹϣһᣬﲻˣ
һ϶ռéӲʺ汲ʩȻʧ⣡㷴˵޳ܣĵ
ֻǡ˭޳ܣ˭ס˵ǰ̣
棬췽ȻͷĿ˸˼Ī⡣
ȻҶЦⷬ˵ÿ
ǰÿһ۵ϲ£ǿߣΪˣҲζһʮֻ꣬ǵ£ĳɫ浲ţгͷĻ᣿
ʹĹְͣͥλȴЩȫռˣһܲһӣ
ܽ˭滻
ңĹܹͣȵϱʱǻĴ֮Ƿ֮ܽ꣡
ҶЦۼƻЧǼɿģһս췽ӮˣôǻȥҲֻǼǰӣʼûκεĳͷ֮գ
ߣȴܿǰδأ
Ŀ꣬ұ˵Ŀ꣬ͲֹһҵĿ쳾ȫ
Ȼ쳾쾡󣬻жٿȱָ֣˭
Ĵ𰸣Զ׼˵ҪɾͣΪ˵ģϿ쵽
Ҫٻ߹ٺ»Ͻ
ǧҪΪͺܶ࣡۶ڵǰݼţ
֮ǰڵ£ʱ͵͵ͬȫȻſһʱԥһʱֻʧ
ڴ棬ӽ쿪ʼӴ˿̿ʼվԱΪֹ䣡
ٴװ׵֣һ㣬ҲãʵҲգһһλñûλã
ʮھ죡
ҶЦЦҶЦ
ҵĳŵ
ڴˣʱ򣡡


500 ˾ͳ
ҶЦأ쳾޽Բؽ磬Ϊһϯ¡¡صȻ˹˫֮ȴǴľѻȸ
ս죡
ҶЦĸ֣ҵǣ
˵һЦವһ˻һɫϼʧ֮ϣЦأԶԶ۱£̲סҪôϧֵҶĳûʱˣ
һ仰˵꣬ҶЦѾʧӰ٣ټ
оֻ۵Ӱ̴棬ȴɫ࣬ŭ𣬼Ҫأ
챻ҶЦճȴֻŶԷһι棡
һǡԷԼǽǵĹ棡
ƫƫ޿κΡ
ҪץסԷ뷨Ҳǲ顣
Լһʲô
ڿվ
ŶԷķ˵ҪԼԼǽǵ˵
Ȼ󡭡ȻûȻˣ
öƤըˣƤըĻ
ôҶЦˣ
Ҳٲ棬ҪƤһ㣬һۣ֮Ȼ߷տڰǽţ
ͬעȫ̾۽ߵҶ쳾߶ˣ˼ҲһбĿɿڴ˭ΪҶЦ˵˻֮ȻȻľͻ۴һġ
㣬ҶѾ˹ⳡս׼
Ҷ쳾ѾһҶЦ죬ûгױ¶֮ǰԼֽ룬ҶЦȳ߻Գ졭
˭Ҳû뵽ҶЦµ֮˼ڳ֮󣬾Ȼ˵ûнڲٵĽһ飬ȻͰ˼ҹƲԼˡ
ǿߵĽڲأ
һ֮۵أ
ҶЦѪһڿд𣺡أ
ԶԶҶЦϵ۾ǸɵģҵȻԴϡ
һλͷէȻһƬŭҶЦһս
ҶЦٶԶԶϵ̧̫ҶĳˡǳΪҲ۸۸˧Ҹϵ۱ŶԣΪ֤ҵһġȶĿѾˣνǹʱ۱£ĲķͷһڿУ˫ӣһҾͶջҲһ˲ǣ
ŭһͣͻȻһȣȻҶЦսǾݹ飡
˵۶Ȼһţƾۼ˫֮䣬ž߿
ȻѾŭݣҾߵ˲ֳһ㣬춼ڴ˿̳֡
ĶؼʵƷ籩һ
мһĻˣ𺳣һۣȻ鴫Ȼǿߣ
㿰صܣ˾ۣƳɣ
һǵӪ֮УȻǵֵҲȻɼӴ
۵ŭһСɣ
Σڣһ˵֣ضôһˣȴô嶯Ĵ󶯸ɸֵ𡭡
һƬɫҶո֣ƮƮҡҡسڰУ漴Ѹٻ̲ͬ˳һһӿ𣬱̲ޱ޼ʣ
̲ȴǽȻĪıŭ
ס
УһӰȻ֣ţףƮǰֶüۼ価һƬд⡣
ߣһ꣬ȻһλˣȻЦ绪̬ǧ
Ҷ쳾
λŪطƣ쳾˼Ҷڳˣ
۾Ƶ죬λŭ֮еۣ˿
Ȼȴͬѹһɽƴһıơ
˶֪ҶȻˣʾʽ룬ȻۻǲϰֵĻҪͻƵģҶأ
Ҷ˼Ѿһ֮ĸǽԽ
ߣǰ״췽ν߲֮㷽棬ˣսȴȻٹҶߣߵĽ׷κһ֮УȻǲѷɫһ۵Ŀֲڣ
߶Լʮ֣ȫ۷弶ĳǿߡ
ݣλ۳ԴȻкܴʾʹڴˣ
κ˶ܿó顣
ԴǿҶ쳾ֺ֮巽۲Ѿսᣬͬ巽֮һǶʵ̫ǿԾɲ徣
ڴˣԭһǰƣʱƣ
ΩѵĿ⣬Ҷ쳾ŭһҶ쳾ڴ˿̽룬ҪڽҾһսô


501 
Ҷ쳾ȻһУҪԾ֣ҵǲ⽫սǰʵ˵ѵõĴʱԵǰ̬ƶۣҲδǶ飡
ŭɱңƾҶ쳾õôΪ״̬ȫ;ĩ·𣿣
Ҷ쳾νʽҰҲԡ̧ͷЦЦ˵ģֵһԡһ£Ƿֻܾɱ״̬ȫޣȴܲɱ㣬죡
£
ղű۾µƳʹþ鵤Ҳ޶ٺת׶ԷǽӲҶЦϼ֮ʱжȻһʱʵѰڣαȻתˣҲָֹһԪѣǰ״̬˵ɻ䣬Ѱ·֮ӣ˼Σﻹ˼ɸ࣬˵£ɰ
¡ǧҵ𡭡´Ϣţ˵αһʶƾԽݣ˳Ц
ʤ䣬ʤΪЦǺš
ߣ쿴Ҷ쳾˸
Ҷ쳾һЦ˧´ôǫ̃ף㻹Ͻ£
ԱߣЦ磬ܸ˵ʲôӵЬӣʼղʱ˿̣ҾȻʣȻˣ
Ҷ쳾һգҪ㣬һڵ޵£ŭһȣתȥ
۵뿪ٶȲ죬Ҷ쳾ȴʼҲûǰ׷
Ҷ쳾ԣһҶЦ۵һۣѾǼޣֻΪԭԸɱĴ
һߣĸ߲սѾͬѹһ㣬ӵȻӦۡ
֮Ϊһʱݼţǲգת˲٣˼ʣҶ쳾ղǿƳ֣߶׷ǳ֣пڵָ֮ɱԮȵڵ߲˫ۺʵҶ쳾ղûг֣ڱӲ֣
սԾάǰһļžš
Ȼ˶ܹоóһονǴζһһξޱ
ҳԵñ
ȻƣҫĽӦȥվǲڸǱҶЦˣһѵʵ
ӲαҶ쳾ѹһͷʵ
ۣһɨأ
ۣ
ողŻصʱ죬δȱ㼴͵һѪϢΣһֵҶ쳾ҶЦҶҡ̫춨㲻ݣʹ㾡֮ҲҪѩ裡
Ⱥ״޲ʧɫ£
һɫ𽥻ظΪƽŹһȴǽһڼڵѪ̽ڣһȫսǷ˽ߣɱ⣡
˽ߡ
ʱҶЦֹ֮˽ߣֻһ壺ߣ
ңӪˣ
ϣҶЦǷɿԼ
϶ӹȥܶࡣ
ֻҪԾľһ𵴣
һĶһսǰɾĿˡ

ƵĲ
ȷӡ
Ĺȴִˡ
ƣӵ˲ֵ֮ܶ࣬
ʵе֮ˣȴ̫ˣ˿ֻţˡ
ҹ
һƬڰ
ֲָ
ںڰ˽Ӧ׼
ҹʽ滶ӭߵĵһҹʵ⻹⣬ð㣡
췽֣ͬںڰ֮׼ɱ˵׼
һЩOO@@𣬵ƿ˶һĺӰ֡
˫ͬʱ
ɱ
һͻı쳹ҹգҲʽעƽһҹ
ɲǼ䣬ԭڵҹձ˰磡
췽ִӼɱԼֶˡ
ǰ
ͷĿѴ֮࣡
߻޼
ԲˬɱһӰֶκȻʧЧ֪״߾Ծ֮䣬ǰͺ̵ݣ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɱǣ
ѧջңȫϣԣΪʲôߣ
ǿǰ;ڣΪʲôȥ
ͬģͬ˭ӣٻ˭빫ʳ˭Լıһó죬𣿡
Ϊξô飬һҪɱ֣
ǰ;ڱ˰


502 ս
һߡ
ǧ𾳸֣ͬʱֵǳ尡
˭ɱͶҾ֮ˣ
ȻˣǾǾֵܣֵߣݣ
ֵϣ
ҹУһս˸ʯ쾪
ողȼĳ˲ʱ㱻
ڰҹ֮˸ģֻõ⣬⣬Ѫ⡭
ֵܣȥǳˣ
仰һ̣ڶսӪ
˳ХȺս
һսȻҶЦŵĵҹֱ
ֻڴս״֮˭ߣ˭ԼˣҲ޴ӷֱ档
Щԭ˲ɱ֪˭˵ʲôͻȻһȺ˼屻²˹ȥߵΪҪȶԷ߳࣬ƫƫֻڵָͱڵأȻ󡭡һڱߺ˳ӵĸž˺󳷣ȵȽַֹͳͳҪҶˣȻҪȥ²
սµĳĽӦּǰߣԴ̫̫֣һѸٳ˾ķߣȥ˾ĺ󷽡
ġ塱˾ķߣ췽ԣǺ£ǲġ塱˵塱Ī˵ǡꡱøһ㣬ԣȥ
˫սҧгݣսȴǶô𱬣˫Բ࣬űźһӣ˲֪òˡ
һҹ
Ӫ˵ֱһƽ١
ϵɱԼˣϵִϵء
󣬾ȻһִӵҲܹȥ١
ھǱߣȴһҹ֮䣬Ϊ
л췽ص֣ҲвٳҹڷߣǰͶ
ϾҶЦһ٣޽ؽ磬졢ʲô֣Ȼ쾡֮ˣΪֹ֮УΨһûͶһ
һҹ֮䣬ǰӽսĵʮһϾʹ˲棡⸺𾯽ıҲʮ˲ټ
ˣ
ǱߺϾ췹һС
ʵϣܹμһͳһ֮սģһӹ֣ҸԶиԵĿռװ洢Ŵʳˮҩĵرȡ
ν췹־Ǹݴʶѡ
ȴǽݴʻΪģװģÿһĻ߲һöƤҪˣ
˼Ǳֵĳ緹ٿԼߣӪկֱӿ֮
ˣﻹʲôԷ
¡Ӫʧءʧְ½ۻ㱨ʱִ߲ѣ
ʧأжأһ
ԱʧϵԤϣһ£ǲԱӲŲԾԼԴ±ʿĴͬʱҲԼִִȣ˫֮£֮бȻƣ
ȴʧصĳʱʧǧǼǧˣִֻٶδػʱһ£ʧ֮˵ѾΪӪ֮еĽɣѵʧ漫࣬ϣ
ǰزӣʧˡɵӡִǺҵִԱҲҲ߶ˡɡ
ʧˡɣ߶߶ɣĿ壬ҲάֲסǵȻӣͻȻһһȣ˵ĲˣʧĲˣ߶ˣһûʵ˵޵ִ٣
ִٿͷ絷⣺
๼Īˡ
ŭɶһ֣Ѿֱִˤȥǧɣֱˤһ̯ࡣ
вҿ˵
˶֪ҹ֮²ִٰ²رµݣô۸޷ܣ
޲ţ޶ĹĲӣȻ˵ȼӵľٶ
޸Ӳţ޵޵ӵܱȻĻͶˣ
ǰӪһ
ۻȻ
ٹɫأŴһڿն

ǰ߾Ӫ˼ʾȻһƬյģ
ִ֮ǰ㱨ġʧɡѾǴۿ۵֣Ϊ֮ġһëûӪҵڵϣǼ̤ĺۼ
ʵ治ִٳʱίʵִ뿪ʱȷʵв֮һıڴ˵أȻִٵ뿪ִִȶټɣδþʿȴԽԽ£һвǣֻҪ뵽Լ±Ȼʮ֮ߣѰ
±ʿݣۼϿľԼף
ȥΨһǣԴֻ·һǻֻиɴһݣҲһˣ
ңԼвʿǱߣ߻бȽźĴأ
ѡ񣬼·ϼѳ·βߣ
һܣʣʲô
Ҹɴһѷ䣬һԵͶȥˡ
Ǻ۵֮󣬿ĵȻֻһƬյľӪ
أѣ
ȻһƻӳٶƮƮҡҡķֻоһƬң֮⣬ʲôУǰоһΡò˾Ȼ١
ư֮ضǣĿǽ塣
û
һ֮Уδܹռ˹裡
ǰյҶЦҶ쳾ǰѼδǽԴͷȴԼıʿЩԼƽֵһӵСɫ֮
ƫƫȺϣĪٶѹԼͷϣ̣
һץס˧ֵĲŭʵıأңģ
Ƹ˧һ±ƣ¡⡭
ʵ˵һ䣺ҵıѵ֪ôʵǰһۿɼ
ʵȴʵǲ˵˵
⻹Ǵôۿűǽ壬ΨûκӰľӪǴô֣ޣǴô
Ƹ˧ͷ󺹣ˣ¡
ͨͨɱˣߣ壡ɱ⣡
ŭȥȥӪȥ֮ð𻨣ΪµĵطҲûˡͳʣµԭܱһɡ
ǰձѪӯģֻѹƣƽʵ̴棬ܹƽľСΪҲȬˣһҹ֮˹ͷѹֵķߺ޸ϲ¥ٶѪݺݵĳֱ֣ӽӪȫɨ˰һȺҲТʲ֮ͽ֮棿ͳͳȥɣ
Щʿڴ۵ıŭ֮£ǵƼһȥʬ޴档
ֱյ㣬Ծɲף֮ˣԾôջҲҡЧĳģΪʲôΪʲôҪЩ֮ɱ֣
Ϊʲô
£
ةī̫ʦͬʱһ
´˼ʷѾ˰״̬ʱֹ治֪ʲô֮¡
ɽʹԭͼľĽһ߽⣡
ۣûκεˣûκߣȴЩ֮ʿ֣йͷŭ֮ϧ
Ȼһǲ˽ܣֻھ̫̫ýԳ֮ݲκһһεΥ棬ΪѾѹֵ˼£˿̰ϼӽʶĽй˳˼ǻָôվţͻȻȻ̾һһ֮̾У˵ʧ䣬
֪һսԼѾˡ
ڶԷ˴֮£Ļɢ˹սûдȥˡ
ܾѶ
ͨȫŷΧгĬһ֮Ȼ˵աһս
ˣ֮꣬鲻飡
ʤ裬գɣ
һգԳ̾һ
̫ʦةī궼ͬ̾Ϣһ
첢һõľսʱ̣ܴ֮ѳʲ֮࣬սⲻȫһҶ쳾Ļʤ㣡Ȼľϣν֮ȴѡʱԽҶЦǱߵĹƻսԵЧƱԽԽӵ˲ԽԽ࡭ֻ򶼲ôˡ
վ;һսȻʱִ٣ȫǡ˵ȴѾʱͬʱҲսǿһ̣
ڶһ硣
ȫʵɱӪ
ս֮⣬ͱҶ쳾ס
ս֮󡣡Ҷ쳾
ƨ
һŭȣ۾ֱӺˣȻȫԱɱȥ
ľսʹ˴죡
쳹գǿŭ𶯲񷡣
ҶЦǱڲֻҹһҹ֮䣬ӼľӣѾ򣬶Ŀžֻһʼ˺Ʊظ
ȻҶЦ˼һþôߵʱȴͻȻоض

̽Ҵ۷սҶѾ˶ȥ
췽սѡ챾֮Уܲ⣬ûҶ쳾һĳֶѸ٣ǿصĻһ߾㲻ܣ·ע⣬ʿϸ˵ۼǴ˳ãһƣĸϲߣδ̫ҳ϶ȣ
ҶЦ״ϵűȻһԥвΪߣȫԱȫ֧Ԯ֮Ҷ
߾ٱʱڣɱȥ֧Ԯ
û˵꣬ҶЦԼѾһȵس˳ȥ


503 Ӳ
һɫĹ⻪ڿһţ
ٴҫ̣֮Ѿȥսм䡣
һʿ棡ٷҾӪֻҪһ콫ԴͿھΪã
ҶЦһȣȴǽҶ쳾սб
˫ѾʼʽսˣһȻûҵ
ôģҪе׵𣿣
ͻȻƲҪһĽƵ֮ǿԵҶ쳾ҲҪݱ壬ѵõЩ΢϶켱
Ȼֽ棬һ˲֮֮˼ʵĶֻҶ쳾ǿгȡһ߿϶˲䣬ȴҲǿŴ¶Ҷ쳾εˣλŹشֵĴʱһ߻Ѱ϶롣
ΪʵۣǵӦ߻ĻлأǱҶ쳾·ѣʵϣҶıҲˣȻ˿̵ȴǷһ㣬߻ԼƴųܴܳȴҲҪһӿٶȣֱɱҶЦ
ңһ˲䣬쳹װҶҶ쳾ľ
ҶЦ

ڵ۶ԣȴһ仰Ҳ˵
УֻһִɱҶЦ
ֻҪɱҶЦνΣеΣ
Ҫ˵жϲ˵
ȷʵֻҪɱҶЦ鵱ûˡ룬ǰԴΣԼʱܵıƣҷ
һ·ǰƥǿľ֮۵ǧͳͳУ
⵹ҲǿΪ֮Ϊһۻ£ܴ֮
ҶЦͫȻһ
ʱ˿̵ΪʱжһԼǱ޿ɱܣܲӡ
ԼܹܿȻһԾɻԼľ֮УǲĲأ
ҶЦΪˣȻԼԼڹȻһҧһѵֻƴͲƴһ𣿣
ڶҶЦȴǽŵУ漴է֣羭쳤ƶӭ졣
ҶЦ˼ʵķ˶˵ķͬСɣǽϼʽһԵȫʵսͬʱֽаĽһ
޽ս֮У˵ѾҶЦ̫๥޹ˣ᲻ɴݣ
аĽȻѾһһ鱦Ըڵĸ߶ԣʹΪ統յҶЦҲʹ磬ֹͲڸ߽ߵս£
ȻҶЦϧĵرϵļ֮£һ㣬ɱɲѷɫڵκλƷ鱦
ƳɷǷ
Դ۵Ľⲻײڽϡ
š䡱һ죬ֱӵ顣
ǰβ𾳸ȫ˿δĽ£ȻûгŹУʱǣ
֮ǿᱬըܣǽ˲ɷԲ
ÿֲһһǰδеľˣ˵Ŀɾɲľս
һ֮࣬Ʋ˥ʢҶЦľ
ϼ֮ʽֱӳҶЦȫ޾ռ֮ڵҲ˲١
ҶЦʱյΪʵж෬ɱ֮޾ռ֧֣ʽ֮ͬľף춯أ
һ
˵նϣȫ޻ٵϡ
ҶЦ۵һһѪӺƶ߷һˤȥͬǷ׹
۵ȴֻǻһΣѸӹһ˿֮󣬱㼴Ǻٵ׷ȥɱҶЦ
һҲ˲ᡣ
ȴǲȡ˼˵Ǳһѹ£ƴԺ޾ĺ֢ҲҪɱҶЦ
ɼҶЦѾ޵˹ͷ
£
Ҷ쳾һ
Ҷ쳾εȻղۼ첻ܲ˵ӲԼ߻β֪ɱҶЦ֮ѼᣬһȴȫأΣһϻҲǲܣ
ʵٶȳҶ쳾Ԥϣ۶ҶĶϻһ֮ȴҲֻһ֣ܿҪ֮࣬ǿŲΣԸһն䱳ƬѪ⣬ȴҪҶЦչ׷ɱ
ۼ켴׷ҶЦ֮ʣնɳβ͵غ׷֮·ϣƴɽѹһĽ
Ҷ쳾ҶЦΣһֲԣҪһʱԮ
챻Ҷ쳾սһΪڽ֮ϵĸ֣űƾοǡ˼ʾǾóҶЦչɱʹ֪ԼʵʵҪѷɫ첻ֹһȴͦأ
˼Ȼɱ˵ۼ·ɣԺֱײȻһڽ˶޵β֮ϣһȻ֮࣬һ˻ڿնһƬͲһôҷɣ۵û¡
һ̫Ҹ첻ΣܴҲҪȰҶľһپɱҶЦȻڹעҶЦߣʵ̫죬ûüӳȫʵ˫ԭʹڲСʵ࣬
ڵѾȫ裬ΪͶһɱ֮У˵ʵ˵ʮɣǳԽʮ֮ϵĳ״̬
˳֮£ܲԿ
ҶЦʱֻо٣ղӲ۵ȫһԼ飬죬ղȷŵƼ鵤״ֻ»ҪʹˣǶһ¶ܣ
ֱ˿̣ҶЦᵽǿǿߵʵ֮ǿᣬȻ鴫ȻǴ壬
ҶЦȴѾܵ۱ɱԼ֮ģβƷħһѹޱɱ⾡ԼҶЦۼԼرܣͻȻһҧһŵơ
ȴһӰէ֣쮷ɶ١
ΥĶս֮ϡ
СС˼ȴµľȻӭǰ֮ƣԶײ˹

һУССһ㵹˻ȴǻطҶЦĻֱӲ֪ɵȥһֱɳȥʮŻظŤӻعռ䡣
ȻһͻȻ͵һͷѪһɫ˲Ͻɫ
ȫһײֻоԼĵＸѣ꾹ȻҲȻһ£Ҫһ㡣
һѪһǰ壬Ȼ³ѪҲ˹ѪȻǴʯ޼᲻ݡ
漴ּ˸ϣƹض׽ӥֻ˺صצӴŷ֮ƣ
һȣ˫Ʋһ̻εĽӥ跢һȴǱ׷
ǰýߵҶЦ⾹ǰһ㱣ƺ֪ʱһȫµ磿
Ŀǰѩããȴһټ
սصĺɱҲһȫȻû˶
þ
ֱҧ⣬һȣƣ
ռУߺ͵һѩռʱžžžžĶ˺ʮ
ߺȻǴĴֲ֮һȻѾۣȴʵǲ
ôһ˲ĵ
㹻ӰԮصҶЦ֮䡣
һһѩ
һ˷绪һ˹ɫ㡣
ڽһ߾һ߼ȫͬǧɽĺѩűһ㣬¡
һٶѡӲƴ
ߣӦѪˣشǿߵĳΪ״̬άϵӶȻһ֮£ϽɫѪ
ȻԾ磬һȴѾòҰֽ
ӰһҶ쳾˺ѿռ䣬ǰ溮˪죬
Ҫ֡
ɽһĸоȴǰ׷ɱ
ԶҶЦѾվһ˫۾ٶȱþϾͬ뵡
ȻֻƬ̵ĵ飬ҶЦѾָ൱̶ȵս
õͷ쳹쳾죬Ϊд˻ظ֮Ϊ
ʵȴζţ޿ɱҶЦ
еóѵʶ֮࣬бĲʶȻͻȻ쳤Х˫ĿȾѪѣ
һʱ䣬ֻоԼƺʱܻըѣ
£ī뷽˻ԡѪ
У
һսΪֹһҲû೤ʱ䣬Ȼôʱ䣬߲㣬һһȫһҪɱĳ嶯
ΪµľӣԼĸ֮⣬Ĵ󲿷ֶձų
൱һˣǴٰʽֳĸһΨɱ˾˽³飡
̬Զ׼һ˼ҴˣʱͶȥôôΣԡ
ôĻǴô
ôĻս
ˣ챾ˣе󽫣ҪҪˣ
̴ӣʵͷһ⣡
ѡ񣬾ԲҪ״ˣʹʹ챻ɱɾʹ졣
쳤ХǷݼ˺ѣըشÿ˵
Ӳ
챩һ춯أΪߣʱѪڴ


504 ͻ
Ҷ쳾һɸӵɫ
ǵģΪһ˵˭ġ
Ҷ쳾ʣԼ״̬ǿҪ
Զԭ״̬󸴵ҶЦ˼ȴͬľһĴվš
ʵӸղűشҶЦ㼴״̬֮С
ҶЦڱۻнһ̣飬ΪҶЦעѪǽھıһҶЦȴӰĪҶЦ񹦻ס޾ռ֮еĺӿҶЦ֮ҶЦֻ¾ҪĻ𣬹嵹˵״̬֮ˣ
Ȼ⸣ҶЦ״̬ȥ˵ǰ͵㣬ȴҲ񹦵ҷ׶ȥ˼ޣ̩ϼǰȻҶЦ㱼䣬ԼӿһĪ΢о
΢оڿ;Ӧ޷˵վԼǰӲʱֱȥ˶塣
һ̣ҶЦеһϣ֮飡
ˣҶЦһԼ񹦣ͻȻҪʱ̣һʵת䣡
ܹͬʱŮϹϵ״òƾֻáأ
ԹѶȡ
ʲôأ
飬Ϊ飻Ȼһ˵飬ȴֲǹľͺá
֮飬໥ģ
ΪΪ
Ψ֮󣬲лึ˴˵õӦͨİ顣
صĻܵ˼
ǵ˼أն顢顢֮ʺĳЩˣȴҶЦһ·ǰд
ҶЦأڰ׹źҵӦʱ򣬾Ѿȥһ룬ӱ켫뿪ʱҶЦָоһѾҡҡ׹ƺʱƿ
ҶЦʶΪĲȱѲΪֻһʱˮĥɳ׽˺Ҳû̫ϡ
ֻϧʱ̮ʼȵסǲϳ߽⣬ֱ˽ʱա
һսϣڴһرݡ
˿ҶЦǷ鵤ѸƸشⱾǾ˵ĸΪҶЦȻǸк֣Ϊ棡
ⲻ֪ղ״õ󣬸ΪһرͻȻƣȻγɵһֻּּǵκҶЦΪܵش
񹦵ȴҲҶЦһʱĴɵɵվŲΪڣʵʵڵڷ췭ظı仯
һϱ֮ҶЦڱ˲ʱ֮糱ˮһȥͬ˿֮գһͨˡ
ղûҶ쳾ļʱϵץסҶЦץסֻҪԽӴֻһµҶЦϣǸʱҶЦ͵üʱΪһ촷ۣͬ
ʼǴǿߣͶһڶ൱ܣһҶЦֻҷƣ񹦸ȫ˲ʱ֮У
ҶЦĿմ״ֻ̬Ƭ̣Ƭ֮лȫ
ֻһٶӿҶЦȴԸо˲ͬ
֮ǰϼȻƳһӿʼһУһȴһֻγʵʵʵڸо
һݵ顣
˵֮ǰ⾭վʣʵڣȻϼȴһϸϸ˿ߣȻɫ˿ߣ
һɫ˿ߣӿҶЦľҶЦĵ
ǰֻһ˲֮䣬ҶЦȴо³ȴһĳʵС
ҶЦ֮ǰͻƵʱǸоҪըһ㣬һԦҪܵƣʹɹͻƣԾɻһֲ²ĸоҪüµս㷢ƿȫµľ硣
ȻΣȴֻһƬůĸоĵķΧ
ƺȪˮİ֮Уݵ⡣
ͻƣǡڵľ磡
ҶЦԺ֮УͻȻһɫķģǡ񹦵Ŀھ
ǧ磬ڣԲͨ㡭
ȻֻǾһɣҶЦȴӡУƺʲô
֮ǰҲãҲգȻǾȻǾȻ֮ȴЩؾȫܹȥ
ʹǾҲź
ʹǾҲƷ֮ɬ
ҶЦ˼ʣظƣ׵׵ͻأǰδеȫ¾磬ﵽ쳾ļΡ
ҶЦ۾ʱռǧĵ׸о磬ͬˣ
ƺһһľҲС
νͬһϢҲˣǡ
Ȼ۾ˣǸˣҶЦԾҶЦֻľͬжĹ۸УҲѾͬˡ
ڣѾ֪ȷԼΪȥһʲôΡ

ҶЦ۾һ̣ڱŭΧ֮е죬˶ͬʱоˡ
ҶЦƺԼǰȴֺѾ
־һо
ǰ
ȴУ֮СĹ۸֮У
ĸо˾
ڳΪߵҶ쳾Ī
ΪҶЦľ磬Ŀǰľ磡
徳磡
ҶЦȻؼʱͻˣ
ͻȻȵҶЦ
ͻأ֮ͻȻէһף
𶯲죬𶯴أڳˣ
羡Ϊ֮𺳣ʹΪ׷߶ȣԾɲеһ캶ҡ
ڳΪߣܵӰҲԽ͵Ҷ쳾ȴǲȻŭ棡
Ϊһ𣬿ǴõġХ
Ȼֻúܵһʵȴǹעеľǽһγɵܾ۽һ㣬ȫעһϣ
Ѵһ࣬һҲӦӦ
֮ȻʵĲΣΪͻƣôһХƱؽĽף
Ϊ߻ħٲĺ
һһ⾪춯صХ
һʹĻı

Ҷ쳾ʶľҪ֡
ԭֻΪ췢һХʱʵ̫޳ˣ
ԣǶԼ˵Ĳ֮ǰҶЦѾ޳ˣǽĲһ㣬Ҷ쳾ֻĳıþս伫ǸȻȻ˼һŭҶЦ޳ˡ
һ̡
ҶЦƽˮէȻ𣺡죡
֣ǽ۵һХ֮󣬲ֺ
ҶЦֵϻûȥ۵ڿŰȥʢһ˲ҶЦ֣Ȼն
ǵģնǺն

ռ䣬Ϥ÷顣
ÿռԭһУȫ˳촷ۣȻ󣬽һƬռһУȫҵȡ
ֻоͷһܣƺͬʱ⵽ش𺳣һʱ㲻ȣ߰˲͵̧ͷҶЦ㡭
δ䣬ȴǡۡһٶһϽɫѪ
۵ΪۣδؾڵҶЦʱϵþô磬ʩչХĳҪͻ˲ҶЦң겻ᣬͻʧֻܻ룬ҶЦ߻ħ㴴巴ɣʹų⣬Ͼ۴˼ʿνҶЦױȣ
ڴˣڹʩչХνǹľȫ㾡˴ȫΪһϹȻһܹʮϢû׼ͱóˡ
ֻϧһХûܸҶЦͻƹ̵ĩ೵ײ˸ոͻɣ󳩣״̬һ˲ҶЦûκ˺
ߣľȫʩչХʵΪһо䵽͵㣬Хߵ˲䣬ʵҲ䱾״̬һ˲ҶЦڴ˿̷ˣʱҶЦ۵˼һȣܴԪ
ҶЦһȣ꣬׽ضϣ
ʮϢĲ죬رһоһ֣ˣ
⣬ȻҶЦУ죬ޣ
ѪסŲŬϢƽҵϢѹشǡ
֮ǰܴȺҶ쳾߻һӲҶЦϼ֮ǣأӦŮлۻƺεȳأ˼ʽҶЦһȣȫ˳Ҳѹ֣
ѹʧܣɵɫҰʮأģסΣ͵Ѫ
ѪȴֲǰһϽɫǴȻĺɫ
Ѫ֮һȻòҰֽ
û뵽ԼղŻ׾˵ҶЦԼһϺȣɺϴպһУҲԼ˰
һϺȣؾ˵ܣ
Ҷ쳾𾪵ҶЦͬãȻʧĸо
ղҶЦҪԼ
ء֮󣬷˺̥ǵľ˱仯
⡭飬ʹݹ쳾Խûз
Ҷ쳾Ȼȥ𶯣̧ͬͷȥ
ֻǰҶЦȻ̧ͷ
Ŀ⣬ɭɭĳĿ
ҶͬʱһָоҶЦһ̧ͷƺǡһĪƣڽڽ֮С


505 ԼսѾ
ڴ֮ǰҶЦȻ硣
Ҷ쳾춼ܿóҶЦƣֻһָԼ˵ʱȫȻĲһ
ȻȻƥȴʼղԼúأ޾һƱƴֻҪâۣͿԺ׵ؽҶЦѹȥ
ڣҶЦѾ֮ǰȻȫɱһʽ
Լ˵ʱĿƽƽͣ˿âȴʵʵķͥ˿·磡
˵Ҷ쳾۵֮ͬôҶЦǷ֮ˣ
ңһбǵѣ
Ҷ쳾۾һУжȻһ
ۣŴܴ죬ԾҰŪֶΣк±ƣʹ̬ʣԾɲ𣡣ҶЦ΢΢һЦʵ
ŭѵãСӣҶ쳾ƫȻռϷ磬ʲôԴ޵ģ˳£ЩֶΣñ۳Ʒޣ
ҶЦɫתΪ࣬ǰһֱߵǰ
쿴ಽ߽Ŀ˸
ܸоҶЦһǰδеȻѹӭ
״кȻѣ
ֻԣҶЦ˼ʸѹĸо֮УȻѾѷɫҶ쳾
⡭Ѿߵۣ
ҶЦһǰ̶ʱ쾹ȻһҪˣ߱Ƶָо
ô£
Լղȫһ֮£Сӵ򱬣
ĿĿǧȷ飬ڡԷȴǱһƵã
һͻƣҲý˹̥ǣĽʵڷ˼
¼ȴֺйȹ֮£
쳾磬ûĹƽҲûи塣ҶЦȻ˵»µضʱ֮ҪģͲıԴ
дѵԴ˭ܿüšõֵԴΪý飬ıֻڷֻĻϣǿԼҵƣҵı¡֪ʵˣȴǲ䣬ƴȫһѡ޿ɺǣ֮Уǣ֮䣬ȷڲ࣬вϡĨɱʵ
ҶЦȻĿעϣ챾˵ĸо֮УҲһֱĸо
Ӹ£

־·ĸоλþλıƣ̲סҪб۾Ŀ¶׹⣬ǰһɱأ
ҶЦٺһЦ۱£벻ʽ˵ҪɱңղŻ߻õ
ζЦЦԼã㻹õô
һղڣʲôôղҶ쳾ȫ㡢ľۣѾҵ꣡
ҶЦ۾۱֮ᣬˣδ֪¿ɸҶսһ
Ҷ쳾һ֪ҶЦҪʲôɵôһȵҶЦ
ʱҪֹ
ҶЦ˾ͻƣۣ֮뵱ǿ߲ʼֻǺ֮㣬һΪʮǿᲢۣ
ս֮Լ֮ݣΪߣܽУһãǼʱ䣬쳾
ҶЦһЦҶģ;ˮβ򣿡
仰ʱý׷ﶼ˰ۡ
״ȷʵʵڳʸ˵⻰ľֻҶ쳾ѣƾҶЦȴкʸ˵Ĵ󻰣˼Ҹղſɲͽˡ
Եʱһ㶣ɫѿ֮࣬ȴתΪһ񶾵ЦؿڵҶЦҪζս𣿡
ȻҶ쳾ֹɹ֮ǰȽսȷһؼ֤ԼôҶ쳾Ҳֻţܽ룡
ǻҶЦ˵ˮҲŹֻΪȷս
ҶЦǾԣҲǾ鵤޾ԴԴͷһҶЦ꣬νʮھԾҪʱƲ߾βȣʿȥӸϽ̵ľ棡
˵ֻҪԼɱҶЦ죬ôٿɱݣԼݣ
δҲãԼ޹أʹĳһͳȻԼģѾ㹻ˣ
ڳ֮˼û˿Ҷ쳾ŭ죬ΪһۣΪǿߣȻд޳ܹ
ЦҶЦԼ˵ս֮ϣƬ֮£ĹƽҲԼսѰ·ҺθɣҶ쳾õ֮ʱЦһ·ִйν֮ʱǿн뱾֮ս£˳䣬˵޳ܣβԿ۱ģһԼֹΣ
Ҷ쳾ɫһ࣬죬Ȼᵽ֮ʱԱʼδʮǰԼηڴһսһԱ֮ʱǷʵ
ȴǺһɫס
޽֮ǰԲκι˼ɣֻҪҶ쳾սȻȻս֮УҶ쳾ʹδȲʤȯϷ绹ǿԤڣ
һֳǿ߶ҵġ
Ȼ޽ڵҶ쳾֮Ѳɡ
ǿ֮䣬õ涯֣ƾ˴֮Ӧ֪־ԼȫʢʱڣҶ쳾ҲҪܿ䡣οѾˡԪΪۿۣ
ڸҶ쳾򣬲ԼŰԼ
ղ˵ҶЦѰ·ĻתƵԼϣ
󵽣ԼսˣҶЦɶս֮Ҷ쳾ԾɼҵҲһ̣ȻӦսȴ·磬ڣʲôʿ
ҶЦ죬һЦ˵ɫ۱Ǻɣ
仰һ¼Ա󽫶һͨ졣
ҶˣԼҴ۵ɫ˭
ī뷽Ʊܵĵͷ
˿۾ӹһѿ
購
۵һϵб֣Щ߸ϵǿǣһּ˵С
СսʱܣҪ¶Էڣս
ֵԱԼǿǿսηսսȴƫƫҪɫ̬
⡭Чһӣ϶ĸӢ۸۱ô
Ҷ쳾ЦЦгȫεĳ֮⡣
߳ŭȴվٴ̼Ҷ쳾ΨҶ쳾ܲ˵ȳ֣Լ̼ʱգתͷҶЦ˵ҶǺСζսɣ
ҶЦһֱԹƽڿ˵ȻˣԸһιƽĻᣡҵһ۶ʤΪ
ݺݵ
ҶЦͷһ۶սˣĴԶ齵ңӮˣҷתأʮ겻
һʮꡱԼ
Ҷ쳾Ȼһ¶ӵɫԵĽ׷Ҳһݡ
ôһ׼ʮꣿ
ѵҶĴʮꡱˣ
ӥһ۾ҶЦЦҶСӣ̴̫˰ɣˣҪȫͶˣֻʮꣿʲôƽʤ
ҶЦΪⳡսƽ
һˣ۾Ҷķˣ۷ǰСռЩΣ
Ȼºγ׵ǰ̬ƣսģս⣻һҹ֮䣬ǰʮϵӣһ켤ս֮Уӡ
ȫ¼ѾγȫֱĲҵ档
ǿսȥΨһǰδеĴܾ档
۸߲ʵԼ򲻵Ҷ쳾Լ֮µ۷ֲͬ߶˵ҶЦľҲ
һսѾǿõĽ֣۴Ǹ˵ԼԵƣ
ǰΨһ·ҶЦһսֻҪԼܣôлͷ֮·²ֻΪһиԣģ
ҶЦһۼȻ˵ռıˣұٶѡ񣬵һȻھͽоսղײգ˽ۡڶѡ֮Լ磬̣֮һս
ˬ˵ҶȻռ۵ıˣǾԼ֮һҶᣬǰźú°ɣҵģǲǰԤù餣ⱩʬǰǿɾͲˣ
ҶЦЦˣ˴ҲһԶֻ¸׼餣
˲ʱص޽
½죬糱ˮһ㼱ٳء
ҶЦľҲͬһʱس
˴γսϹ߰ȫ֮߳󣬾Ȼǧ֮ޣ
ȴǧսԴԽԽ൹ҲˣȻܶൽܱίʵ󣬺š
ڸ߿ճ˵ּҪһѪˡ
һ֡ȥĸоôεĴȻ
ѵ쾫񡭡ôɫ԰ףżȻձȴֳϡϡĲӣ˻һһ߻ͷ
ƺЩвʵӡ
¡ī쳤̾һս죬Ѿˡ


506 ս֮ǰ
ϣҲһƬȴûп˵
£ʮ߲㲻¼Աѹƣȷʵ޿ɹī̾Ϣţ״ʵȻγäҵȫȻ֣ȻżЩңҲǱһƽ
ʮ䣬Ѿ֪жвߣոһܣȴλᡣī̾˿ҶЦǱ鵤ΪսȻ޿ɸơ
޿ƽ⣡Ƴ˵
պһսʤؽҪī꿴죬ǱʤˣҶЦ䣬ӸֹϢĪջȻһзƽ˾֮ǰ߹ȻؽܵĳΣȻȴҪı䣬¹滮˺ܵξð
Ǳ°ˡͲˡīҡͷЦ죬ʱֱйһ
һѻȸ
صĴһЦƽսʮܼպһҲ⡣
䣡
īȴһߺ
֮ޱȻҶЦСӢǰУ꾡Σ
˸

ҶЦ֮ǰԼս֮ʵ̫çײˣҶ쳾δͿʼԹʤȯգαػҪսԼһս֮һΣȻ֮ĹȴΪһսʵ̫Ϸˣ̫Ƿˣ
ҶЦھӦź£면žӦ˱ԼĴ멣񵭵ȥ¡ƺҶЦĴս˿ϡ
һߵҲ΢ЦҲġ
׷״о˼飬ҶЦϷۡʱǿ߾սǾȻһҲģ
΢΢һЦΪʲôҪģ
׷һʱſڽࣺѵҶЦˣ
΢ЦΪˣҲŲѽ
׷Ȼ
ʲôۣ
ⳡԼսҼҹġ΢΢һЦûаյ̣ģսԣսʤ
׷Ҷ쳾ü۳鴤
ûյ̣ģսԣսʤ
ǲ˵ֻ˱ʤȥ
ҲǴ˵ר۸Ϊֵ˰
ھäĿֹĺ𡭡¶˵Ĳ죺ղһսǼҹӿ˵ġĿðɣеĲ࣬Ҷܿóģͻƣܾ˹𣿣
֮⣺ʲôаգ
ǰһ̱˼Ҵòڷһ̾սʤˣ
¼ƺûĵɣ
һ飬һЦҲҾǶԹġ
ȻԶԣһʱ
ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣȫɵţκɶȻ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦҶ쳾Ŀ⣬֮дսԼʵΪղһս֮֮£ءȳضޱ
أ
Ҷ쳾ȻһĿ࣬ƿԡ
ĸ֣˵ĺһ壬ֱШҶ쳾ԺȻҲоһͷĿѣ
Ҫ֪Ҷ쳾Ҳûпصġ
ҶЦȻˣһǰȽҪͷ
ѹҶЦҵսۡ
ҶЦΪʱͻȻأʵĽܹӵȴľ޴Ҷ쳾Ϊ֣ȻеĲ
Ѿһص飬ǡһ󾳽ĿԽ
һǴӴǳ澡̹;Ĵ̤Խ
أǿء߳פصһ̣Ҷ쳾̲ס쳤һ
βҶ쳾Ľ׷˫˫ĬȻ
ߵ߶ɫ˸
޹Щִʿ뾪̾ʧ̬ίʵҶЦı̫ˣ
بԽ쳾ʿʷϣʹûܹء
ǵϱ巽ۣҶˣûһͻƴ˹أ
أκ߶֪߽ɹؿõİڷ;˶ˣȴߵֻǾմһûдصؾѾֹ
Щ߶ԣȻǲңȴǴң
νңȻΪûлӴߴǰһӴȴҲԽѹأ
νңȴָЩûнӴص㹻ΪͬʱҲرһԽѹصķգ
ϾҶ쳾߶׷ȡۣۣϷ۵ȡЩվ綥۷弫ȫǰֹ
߶صʱΪصļȥ˹˲̸οơ
ʹ֪˹عڣȴ޴ƽ⡣
巽ۣλȨ̫̫ãе̫̫õбʣرԲ棬οƣ
мƲϱϸ˵ӵб巽ۡ߶Ըƣκ컯ŪˣǱ˴֮ĶԹҲ
Ҷ쳾Ҷأǿ֮л῱ƵģİΪǿߣһʱѻȻ֮ľᣬԵľᣬȴһĿǰ޷Խ⣻޷Խⲻ⣬صǰᶼ档
ͬҲڰ׹ϣ׹ӹȻ˫ȴҲҶͬľǰ׹޷ͻһ⣬½ļǿߣҲ֮ǰꪳɳ
ôبԽӼ½۷弫ǿߣȫֹ֮ǰҶЦΪδˣƫƫǰ޹˵ѹأ
Ҷ׷߶֤漣ܲ̾ĬȻ

ءɽң̾Ϣ磬ءעصǻԵ
Ҷ쳾
ҶЦʵͺҲȴأֹܿɹѡΪᣬ˿صĻᡭ
ɽң仰̾Ϣ˵ȴڳ˾һ
˶Ҷһ㣬ӵһλʵǷ壬Ԫ޾ӣֻһ㣬ǿ߱㶼ɥʧһص㣡
ɽңĬΣƽСܴ㡭꣬תޡ
Ҷ쳾Ȼһ¶һ˿̾Ϣһȴû˵
һֱЪϢɽ£Ҷ쳾ƵĿǰȷʵΨתޣӵпصĻᡭǵˣҽתʱȥҶЦһ
Ҷ쳾ĵ˵֮ҲΨܹǵæ
һϲлָ㡣
֮
޽Ͽϼǧ컨׹ʷ׳ʣǿ߾ۼ֤һ֮ս
۰ݵͬ߾Ƕһڸ߲㣬۾һ
ۺѾ
һХУ۵ճ֣̬ۣ硣
һʹսʧٵһ˵ȫȻûκʧķҶ쳾Ƹ¥ԼǱ˴֮췭ظɿȴǰ㶯ҲûС
ĳЩˡһ֮ежϣνı죬֮ǰս֮ãͷսͿ̿飬ȻΪǰʧСĴνȻӱǷΪһ֤֤ĳг˴ʹսĶأ
֮Եǰ̬ȷʶ˻ɵǰ״ĳԴĲ֣д治ò̾һ䣬˵뷨̫ˣȫûе£ǿ֤ÿŰ
ⲻ֪ǰ̬۵Ī
ôĽʲô£ѲӴڴϷģҶ쳾Ǻģ֮ʱԼǱۺòãɱɱȥǲ۶֣ôûģ
Ͼڿս֮ǰԼڣ˶в룬˴֮սһȻ׵壬Ҷ쳾ʮĸԭΪشһ̡
ν֮ʱֱͷһŵĶ֣Ȼۣˣ
ȥĿսٱˣ߾ȻǺδȫûκεս¡
֮ҶҶҪ˵鷳һ񶼲Ƴ
ڶĿ֮ʱ·һջһƲЦЦ
ʵ̫ˣ
¶ǹˡ
һҵҲˣطֶʮԼսԴѵҶЦСӾҶ쳾ĶӲɣһ޶
ߣ鼤ǰգӣһ죺λǺιʣ
תͷȥǱ߽ãǧһ֮ǰ·쳹ա
һϽһͷ߲ʷˣڿϷ
ϽԼаɳ̣Ͻͷ࣬˫ſͬв°ɵӣһһֱӳȤӰڿˣ׷ҸϣȼʼսڣȴԷһ󻶿Ц
ȻڿϷˣȴù߷еĸоǹӵайߵ龡Ϊ֮һӡ
һһҶۣҶˡ


507 ν
˼ʵҶҶԴڣɳȴǼ죬֮屾˵壬ҶҶ˸츳ʣҶЦ޾ռѰ˿һѵĵ񵤣ԣֻǳԵʳ
Сжλʱʱصֲ̣ߺ쳾ϲ֮µİ֣ҶҶСĽ֮٣Ѿȥ˷˼ĵز
˼СȻȻӵ˲Ϊʵսƾ㲻ĸҲδؿʤ֮˵˵ã
ֻСȴȻСӣаӵģͯ档
Сʱһֱ޾ռȻΪ٣һǧСʼۣҶЦҲǽǷų޾ռ䣬ȴҪԾˣҶЦǷųϷȴǰδеĴСϲɣβ֣
Сϣ׷ҸϣĲֺܱڸֻţȫȻ޶á
Ҹߣ´߾ڴˣкξ壿
Ȼ޾壬ʱ֣ʱĿ飬龡ˣ
ҶҶڵˣȻǿܣΪ˸ĸȻ¼ĪƣҪˡ
ǽŮԼߣʱ䣬ʹνܹ࣬ӵиʥԪһƷˮ׼ֻ¾ѾǼˡ
СҶЦߣΪֹһֻ겻ʱ䣬ѾΪ
ԼҲ漣
ۿǱϷҶҶˣż˼ΪĿǰֻѾͻ㾳ˣһȴٻԵͻ
ͷкһưˮ£ʱһ£ȻȻû
΢ЦšŶһȴû˵
ȴһĽš
Ըˬ䣬ν֮ѵõ
˫ȴ·ɡԼپС֮¼Ļڴ½١
һһһˬʵֳԥ
۹һЦһһίʵ񿥵úܣ˵ĳɫ
ӲͷƤ˵һһʵǱְġӣŮ
أڴѲµԭҵ˽£ΪԼŮЩ˽ı޿ɺǵ飬ҲΪ˸ĸβЩ
еʱһɣɴཫյ˵һ飬
ϾҶ쳾ҶЦ칫УԼ˵ĵϵѪȴҶЦߣ۳Σض˵
ֻö̶ʱ䣬˹ۻȻ۾ڰ׷ҶҶˣĿ⣺ҶЦȻͨ쳹֮ܡǵ֮֮
λ̹棬ǣ޺֮˵ߡ޺֮ˡЩûͷûβ˵һ仰ͻȻ̾˿
ͽһͷˮ
զˣǴͷβûɹ˵
ⲻ֪֮ʵָ˿и룺ǵĶŮɶӵŮҲ
ǵĶŮǱ߻ֻǵܣӵŮòȴѾסˣݣ԰Ρ
ۿžҪߡӵĲ飬ܶô
뵽۴̲סص̾һһľᡭ
һԼһˮİײˣ˿ȴѾȦʱܱĳͷˡָо
ͷܳɫ㣬Ծɲá

һ̾ϢȴǴس
ԭѾµ˶֪۵Ϊˣ˵һ⣬ˣΪ֮ʲôˣ
ʰ׹˸һƬڶҶҶ쳾на׷̤ϼսϿա
Ҷ쳾ۿҶ쳾ͻȻһȵսԼڶΪβһս
Ҷ쳾һЦһг䶨̣֮Ҫһս֮գȻȴƹ˭֮սֵܽսȻʱԻ㣬ʱ
ۺһޣиֵܣ
ԹԿνأȴپսˡ
۰ԶԶؿе֮ɫ
ۺɫؿۣɭȻ۱ҶȻǵս֮Լĵˣԭ⼸öࡣ
ۺٺһЦ˭죬ƨ£
˵˭Ȼƨ£ƭӢʮ꣬ȴֺֹйأ˾йء
۹ЦйΣҰ
۴һ޽ʱһĿɿڴĿƿ԰Ĺ״̬֮С
ԭʵλ˵Ļ̫ˡ
һ۱ܹ˵Ļô
ǻ켣СåòҲûôġ
Ҷ쳾ЦĪ֮ԼνЩеû˽棬Ǳʱսȫ񲻻Լսʡ
죺û㣬õŵʱбòű۵ʱ򣬶װ⣡
Ҷ쳾ʱɵۣתϲΪŭѾ˵ʲô
ٲĳˣתﳤȥ
Ҷ쳾ŭ˶ҶҪɱ죡
˾Ϊ֮Ŀ
λйʲôԼֲ˵ʮԼ

ʱէһƬ֣ƬϿȻʥϾؾء
һӰƾ֣
ݵ΢Цκһ֮£ʶøСңλɫߡ
׹ӡƶ֮֮㡣
׳Ƹ¥ͷǶ٣
ҶЦս죬˵ĺһϷ׳΢ЦһɴݲȣΨȴ˼ҶЦ֮ǸԼսȻ˾Եİ֡ɽҶЦڵʵΡ
˼ʷƸ¥һֻˣ˵ڳκҪ̫࣬Ȼ׹۾ɨƬصʱǷȻĪһƣȴڳһ㿰ķطͥĸо
˹ѹ֮£ȻȻ߿ճƬĿհף֣μ
ոյִİ׹ӣĿҲؾ۽ڰаϷҶۺҶˣɫ֮Уȴǰδе֣ء
ǴҶЦӺŮȻ
׹ӼĿעҶҶ˰ΣȻһ⣺һһ츳Ȼ˳Ȼ
˵֪츳Ȼ
׹Ӻһ˵΢֪׷ɱѾ֮ǰ飬Ȼµ򣬱Ϊ͵ǵﵰ𻵡
Ǵεıʣ˫ĶϢĶȥû൱תۣǣʵԺҶЦӺͷŮ˵⣡
ǰѹ࣬겢ûɱﵰֻҶЦ취ﵰ˺֡Ǵʱʼ㣬ﵰƿǷһֱڣǰǰһҲŲʱ䣻ʱ˫Ӵӽ֮ڵĲƷΪףʹΧپĵ࣬ûгʣȴҲ϶˳ɾͣ
׹ĿССδɾ֮󣬼Ԥ롣Ĵڣǲܼʱ֮ɱôΨһľֻнˡ
ΪڵǣѾǴ棬ֻ֮д˵񻰣
׹̾һüë𣬵һȻȴоգø
ҵĸԵ񣬶ҴûмãҸԵˣһֱΪұ顣Ȼڿ
׹ӿֿŶӪҶЦȻҸ飬֮ˡ
׹ӳ˵ҵѾ֤ʵΪʲôҶЦĴڣүʲôʲô


508 սۣ
⣬ֻܸɵۣȫȻûԼ۵ء
Ͼ漰ĸ߶ʵ̫ɶˣ׹Լοˣ
Ȼ׹Ҳֻ˼˳ôһ˵ѣûָϵõʲô𰸣˼˲ת֮ʣٶȽĿ۽ڳС
ˣݵĹսʿѾˡ
ǷȱĴֻöս˫ûеѡ
͵ǰݶԣȫ˵ڹʸսģ׵ľ쳾۷и֣һգһ򾡣
ٷΪڲ𾳵ĸûκʸս
ֻǵĹսҲҪ൱ʵֻ˵ֽսನԽ֮µĸִ촷ۣͬ
Զ˿ˣȿȱˡ
˵һˣٲһŵ˵ǵ£
սȺ˼гı
ڣͣմǧâɣɽ
һХ죬漴һ׳˵벻һսȴôѾۼ˵أⲻѣ֮ϲ֮ϲ
ȴȻȵǳ
ֻһЦݣţƶ˶˵ƺԼľսûзϣһʤ֮䣬ʤΪЦʤȯյĿ
һк漴ھߵӪϣôҶûô֪ŵ֮زز˰ɣȴǺαءʼǳᵱһ֪ߵغĺСƽϣֻҪҶԻᷢ䣡
ĳ۵ϷͷԽĳ㣬֪֪ģһ̶Ȼǰʤˣ
ߣ˵޵УԸһֻۣţɱ׾٣֮ף֮۱ұ첻ѣҵȵ۱µĴʴʣϾ֮Σ˵֮У֮飬ô磬ҵȲ֣ѵ֪ԾһᣬʹӶʹô
һ䣬ƿСһڣ
仰˼巢塣
̬ӵӣȻǻƿСȷЩɶ
ʮ֮ǰǿߣȣʵʵûпɱԣǡƿСĸ֣Щ˵Ĵˡ
ʾѵֻ۱·ƨ˵ʵ𣿣
ŭɶƮһȻҶЦսҾɱҡβźվˣҲ̫ԴѹС
һߵҶ쳾ʹŻ֣ҶЦһսҶЦ㾳ҲãͻҲգʼʱǳӼǿԺʧпܣҶ쳾ǾԼ˽ѣ
Ҷ쳾δĵڣȴһЦնԭҲֻһӲ֮ˣҶսֻҵ¶ɱѵνǿǿߵķɣݰ
һӰջû޵УȻڳм䡣
ҶЦ
װҶЦװԵø⡣ϻһսסҶЦȴֱӾһװûκεķ
ôֿȭۣ֮䣬ƮڷƮ裬˱Ƿٷ硢Σ׿Ⱥ
˵ѹӣꡣ
ֵһ̣ǵϵ죬ж۰죬ۺ׺ԯЩǿ߾ĿΪ֮һ
׹ӵ۾Ҳ˲ʱˣĶҶЦһ˲˲
ʧֺֹ̬⼸λǰողżҶЦҶҶ쳾˼Ҳĵɴ۾
ڵҶЦֻǼ򵥵ĵһվȴԨsţ̺ƺѾȫһ
Ҳ޴ӷָ
ƮȻҶ巽۵ȼǿУصķ磬ӦҶЦƮֹǷ磬ƣƬأɽһϢͬڡ
ľ磬ݹۺ쳾׷Ѱ֮ߣһҲɵá
ǣҶЦոһ̣ݳݾ磬ôȻĳˡ
ͫ׶ȻһעĿҶЦҶЦҵС㡣
ҶЦɹȻУֺӢ۵Ĵڣ
仰ĳ˵δһ
˼巽֮һǵϵļǿ֮һ˼ĿӵıǮ
˼ҶЦ֮ǰ˵˵ǣȴʱûӢ۷ϡ
ͲϣȴǸͬġ
һҶ֮ͽѿ֮ƣʤ㣿ҶڴսģԼԼ׳
ҶЦЦǶ棬۱£аɣ
Ŀеʱ¶пɫֻνҶЦվʶһ£֮
ҶЦȻ¶ô˵ģѵ۱¶һȻҪõ
ҶЦһսȺ΢ӣɫ֮һ䡪ҶЦ֮ĲҶЦʹΪþˣʹΪһ֮ﻹǸСëӣʵĩλ۵ݻδ־ȷʵʧݵģ
챻ҶЦԴǼңʱһʱ䲻ֱ֪֣ǽֻ֣ҶЦҲƣ
ȻҶЦ˵Ļȴֱڳˣ۵ıӸˣҪô˵۱һأȼ֮һΪֻֿ֪ȭܶԸˡԭҲóƵĽۣȴӢͬ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦֻأʵ̫֮£ȴֲû׼ܸƵġͬ۱˵ȭȫ޷ֱ𣬾ǲһ
ҶЦһֵԣһһ˫۱¸оͺã߿ⳡ֮Ƭ̣̫ⳡսδԲڴεĹڡ
ҶЦЦݿ䣺룬аɡ
챻ҶЦһ˵ͬѪŭڣҶЦ
δ䣬Ȼ˴һź󽣹⣬ƥ
ԼڶⷽԲҶЦĶ֣ʹǷ쳾죬ҶЦڹҲǿû֮һ֣ڶȥɴ쵶ն顣ֱӿʼսֻҪɱҶЦһоǽ
ľˣľȻˣ̾˿ͬľǿ߾ս֮УŲոսͱԷŪԼľ⼸ͬǰ˴սʤ⡭ֱǡ
ҡҡͷ˵ȥ
սļۼ״Ҳ׷׵̾һ
׹Ŀһһ쵹ǲһ֮񣬿װŭ̬֮ӽɱؽԼб˵ı׶ˣ˵ĸ
Ϊսһ޿ɺǵģֻǡȻռ˱ˣⲻ֪䵽·硣Ϊûѡ±һ̣ѾԼƣ㲻Էʤв뷨Ȼȴ̸һǰıʤģ
Ȳεľս֮Уʧȥ˱ʤģͬɥʧ˶Լģİƣ
׹̾һۣʤ㡣ıʧ
һĿࡣ
һۣû֮ǰͱӶ϶ˣ
˲ת֮£תͷȥȴҶЦ֣һĻߣ͵ػӳ
飡
ҶЦһǿƽƽƵȻȷޱȵεĻۿԻͲø幥켣ĳ
ȫȻ⣬볤Ӵ֮˲ȻһȦ
һתƣһǿ䣬һȴǽ˿ã§ͷǶֱ
ҶЦһ֮࣬˦ȴǴĴָᰴɲɵӭĽ棬һν棬һ˳ƶƸ֮ǰһȴֶӭ
ǽ׵ĴĴָĽһˡ
һһɭǿҶԱȣڹսпνĿģĺ
ȻȫɱĵڶȶԺȴ˫˫һ˲ƽɫ
ڳ˻˽֮ΣȻҶЦȴЪָ⾰˫Ѿڰзȥزɱ˰ϡ
УƺٸҶЦٸۣڿȺս
ͬӰͬĶ
ҶЦֺĶ
˫Ժ˵Ķ
ҶЦִĴָⰴĶ
ҶЦָӴ˲䡭
ҶЦָס棬һ߳ӭӵĶ
˫Ϊܾɺ֮ʣ˫λúȻһռѷ졭
Ⱦȴƶٶȿ쵽£ƶӰл̺˳֮Զ˵ľڿͻƿռƶµĲӰ
йս֮ۼһĻ캶ҡĶǣһƴϢо
ҶЦʼգֵһɴݣչĹֶΣҲԪã̸΢ʲôģǱҲһ
˵սģʽȻսҿǰһ·Ѿǧйȥȴûмһаʽ֮Уʵ޻ֱӵʽ
˫ȴĴ򷨣ٲ֮ʦ֮죬նҡҶ쳾ͷȻ̽ҶЦȴҲͬڵȴôʱȥ˫ûпʼӳʵʵɱ˵ĳ̬ȣǶҵԤ֮⡣
׷ȻһЦΪǿߣһֳۣôʱòҶЦѾӣȴʼձȴսԤ֮⣬ʧ֮СȻҶЦᣬȻҲôסĳ
Ҷ쳾Цҵ˼˵ĳԤϣֹ㿴Щ
ŶҪҶָ㣡׷
Ƿ޶˸ƣʱʱˣǹԱߵĵȴǱһĹ
˵䣬ҶЦѾָԷС
о˺ѿռԽԽ졣
Ҷ쳾һ߳Ŀעսһ߱˴˽
˵ĳԤϣȻסһ档ȻҶЦǱߣȴֹȴѡҶ쳾΢Ц
Ŷȴʲôأ׷ӿˡ
һսսҶ쳾սսԣǾսĹؼڵ̽׶γʱԽãİܾ֣Խء
֮ǵǰսҶЦСӿӪ죬άϵĽӲǰ׷ԱߵĽҲ
ҲдмңȴҲһҶĿëⱾҶЦӪĥԼķΧ
Ҷ쳾ոͻأȻΪѾȥ˵ܹﵽ㣬ȻΪȻǶʵʽĵþȳΪ֮ķ涼Դﵽͬȵĸ߶ȣӦֵʹֻ¶δأշơ
£Ҫսʤ죬ȻǲܣȡʤֻҲҪ൱ۣû׼ҪΪ޸սȴڱУһἴʱת죬죬ֻȥϷ˼ҵĴӪսʱ˺һռţ߲ȡ
Ҷ쳾ⱾǸѵľ棬ҶЦȴìܵľ£ѰٵһȫĽ֮ս־ܵһǿ߸ιУϤȫԼȻսʤ֮ɱȫİ취ڵҶЦһոϵľ档һӲĥʯͬʱһѾ޴һһεĥ£һһĶʹ򣬽Ѿ漶ıʣ
Ҷ쳾ٹУҶЦǰδе·磬ֻ֧һ;
ЦЦǴ󴸶ʹʽ׶Σ˴֣ѷĿ֧ţĥ·âʹʵ죬ǲܿ棬ԾֻͽΣʵķֻоĥ¿֮󣬲ŻΪһѾ
̬ķչҶ쳾Ԥϣֹ˽еʱҶЦԭĴݲˡ
ۺƿ籩һĹƣҶЦӦΪ裻һ·磬ֻм֮޻֮ǰδеı
·ĹУҶЦҲԽȫҪؾƣϾϵߣɽ纣صİܹƣҶЦķֻɶ˻˸һ˲㼴Ϊ̣ͽ̾κΡ
ӽеҶЦһʼйأض๥٣ٽ˾˿񱩵֮еһСھκ֮гʱ㸲֮Σ
йս˵ĺЩ
һ˸棬ɫΨΪߵĳԼµʲôȴȷɫ粻ΨʹۼҶЦȫ·磬ԾɶԼҹӳģֻԴäӣǹص濴ʲôϣ
ӦƽĿųս
޾ŭϲޱ
ھӦ˵һнܽܡҶЦʤˣԴϲҶЦˣˣôһȥǡ
ʼͬ·׼ӵȻ
Ȼһƽ㣬ʵѾǿ糱ƣҪ쳤ХϾʱƣþˣռϷ磬βο
ʼǵǿߣ֪ҶЦߣԼһǿߣ䵽·粢Ǳ;ֻҪһ˿һϾܷΪʤǶ𣬷κϷ綼ֻʱֻ
ϵռϷ磬ȣһһʽɣ룬׷ʹҪתΪʤƣȫѹ֣ҶЦ޷Ŀܣ
ҶЦƣԽԽ᧿Σ


509 սʤ֮
۵üͷ૵ô᣿ôӣⳡҶЦ飬Ȼսȣû൱İôȻаգ̬ôݱˣѵҶЦäĿԴ󣬴ʵ̶ȣٵо̫ǳԪ
ȻΪǿߣϾҶ쳾
Ҷ쳾˺˽ҶЦ֮⣬֪ҶЦͻأż΢֪ƲҶЦǰ״ĹϣȻȴһһǰ˼⡣
ʼնҶЦģŶţǹжϣ
г𣬳˽ҶЦĻΪܵĳ֮ܣÿÿ֮٣ۺϵǰ״Լµһ㣬ȴվƶϲΰ벻ֹϲ߼ˣڴԼ¶ԣֲֿԼ´ȴַڳκһܹ⣡
ʵҶЦͶܹۡս֮Уǿ߲սǧв·磬ܣ˵СǺ쳾죬˰׳֮ģһλ궼ѵһľšʼ̫ᣬâ̫¶Ŀӣռۡ
۰̾һֳһ˿֮ɫ
ϾֻҶЦһܣ쳾δ־ͻûҶҾʲô顣ֻƾҶ쳾߶⼸ˣǸٳףȴҲӰ쵽֡
ʱƣ쳾콫һ޴ĵ⣬صԼĶӰ׳ȥһһڵĳԵ
Ҳһĵ֮ɫųУҶЦн飬ʹжԣǵзѣ͵ǰս֣ԾϣҶЦܹʤ
ߣҶЦܣǷ˵巽ԾǴ壬˿ԶҡݡԽĶ֮ˣҶЦǣ׹ǷҲǣ
׳üͷг˼֮ɫйŹ֡ҶЦȵӣȻз̵ֶΣֻܷܲù
֪أҾǸеܲԾ׳ųУ૵ƺѾоıζǡ
ҶЦܾǿ֮ģһʱϧͶô֮϶Ȼһϯ֮أϵ𣺡һ֮£֮ϣ㵱Σ
ҶЦ˼Ǻ罬Ȱ֮ҧߵΣ
˵ȻһͻȻǣ죬һ
һֺͬһҶЦĹһɲǼ侹Ȼʮ
һ֮ȻǰδѵҶЦ·Ѿ
쳤ЦһдһУҶЦʲô´һһʩչ㾡ʩΪǣܵĲ
һᣬ쾹Ϻ罣ǿƶҶЦϼͬɽХأҶЦȻˣȫס
ҶЦ޹Խ죬Ȼȴ˿ǽйǶȻ˼޽ʩչϼԾ콣ݺᣬսأմأһƬӨȻϷӯ졣
˷ڳÿһսŶо¾һವĺ⡣
ҶЦȻк֣ؾ棬Ҳֻ˵ΨǿߣܹʱвĵƣҶЦķ֮гѹơ΢ôһ㣬ֻ¶ȻҶЦķ˾Ԥ֮ڣÿνˮ©νһٶ˥ߣҶЦķ˲ʼձļ״̬һȵҶЦƻ䣬ٷ֮ʱ浽ʱֻ¾ҶЦİ֮ˡ
һаһȻ˵ĵҲĬĬͷ
аԼϣǴ˿սУҶЦϵԼĻͷˡ
ۿҶЦȻһսۣаҲǾ졣
˭뵽ں½һһСϺףȻڽ죬Լǰһ֮Ӳ壬һۣ
ҶЦǲۣڴˣȴʵʵڵıԼǿ̫̫ˡ
аһ̾Ϣ
սֳ·ӡ֤˵ĵԤУҶЦһַȫЧպģԽԽݱ˱ȫѹһзݲȥĶӵز
۵ΰӰ˼ȻգȫϷѹƣȫѹԵơ
ҶЦڿ֧ţѾʼ˺ۡ
Ѫ˿˿Ƶķɽ
κһ֪˿̵ҶЦѾ졣
ذɡ
ֶ
ۣѳ˷ܳ죬Ҫ֪ڳ֮ǰֳڣеѹǺܴģҶЦд󣬾Ȼñ֮㣬൱ĳˣⳡֻ²ôˡ
һֱöôСÿһ̶䱸֣Ψֳκ©˿Ĵ⡣
ϾԼϻˣûлָȫһ©޿죡
û뵽ҶЦսȻԼҪһߣ
ó۵ԲţսֳˣνһоԼ֮ˣתˣ۲ŸƶүǾԼģѾ;ĩ·ѾǴȥӣȴǰת
۹
ڵ۷ǲɱҶЦˣڳһèϷ̬ŪŰҶЦϲϵһһ˿ڡ
˿ͷǷݿ⣬ѾֱˬĲҪҪã
ҶЦһХ𺳳գν̿ˡɻǧҪǵ÷УЩﲻģ
ЦУеһҫűȰҹҪɫĹƺǽڤظŲ˹컯֮£ȥɣ
ɫĽȪϮֱҶЦķҪȥ
ʼһۣĿ֮¿Ű֣Ե̫ûзȣڳǿߵķУҶ쳾ԼŰɱҶЦҶ쳾᲻ݲľѻԼܹҶЦѾǹԲν֦ڡȻԾɸоδȴѡʹɱֵ֣ܳ׶ɱ
ҶЦ˼кǱߣͽ̾κΣȴ޿κΡ
Լ֮ǰΪ˽ⳡϷȥԼӰۼľȻǲôѰ˼ɱأ˼һûŰأզͲأ
ţҶЦãŰûʵĳвһܳԲڻͨ
ɾڹϣ֮ǰϵģŰر𾢵Ȼˣʹɱˡ
ûõĶҶЦһŭֵǮ
·磬ȻصҶЦһͻأķ׾Թ϶һ㣬ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣƶ֡顱һǺݺݵػһϣ
߶Ϊʹɱ֣һѪͻһƥеȻӽ⣬Ȼɾʵ̫ˣȻҶЦ֮ǰǿʮϣ
˾䣬ʹ־γȼ㣬ԾɲһһͬȻһҲܶˡ
䣡
ǿڱ촵Ϊһһʹ˱ҶЦһȭƬ
мЮŽ⣬ɢ٣ͬ
һ˲ľ䣬òҸȴǳڳ˵ϣһҶЦӦΪ裬ؾͻȻǿƷˣһ֮£ͺΪǵľƷһ
㵵ע£ҶЦķԶԶûֹϢҡ
ҶЦʵһ㣬ǺȻһȭ֮һ֮࣬ĪĹ켣ݺݵСϣ
ҺһӵţԪһ㱻ҶЦ߷ɳȥ
ҶЦһ챻߷ɵ壬һ˫ȫ޼֮ƽߣϢ֮䣬ȴһǧûа㻨ٵλϣ
䣡
۵Ļսײһ󳾣ֱ߱ãΪƬмٲ档
˼оǻ磬ԺľȲ⣬ȴѾҶЦһͨ񹥻óױˡ
Ψһ⡭ôܣôռϷ磬ҲټⳡŰʹɱ˽ⲣؾͻȻҰˣôܣ
ͻȻһ˻Ȼȴ۹ľΪ޹ƶ˵İԾȼ֮Уˣ氤ϣǵǿУҲҪشۣʹҲҪˣ
һ̣巽֮һ棬ҶŶԣҪݱ壬÷â
һҶЦȻӦ˱ܣ಻Ĺʱơ
ճҶЦŴһҪ˵ʲô֮ʣҶЦ˶һƽƽȭϮƫУʺҪ
ۣ
ڿһķ˳ȥһ죬³ķֻƬǼ黹дڴڵѪ
ҶЦû׷
һȻӣ֮ǰҶЦǧߣ֮ԸӣΣ֮ʻıޣȻɹƿҶЦʵʱܱıԵۼǿ裬λȫȻҶЦ˶ʵ㣬֪ҶЦȻϮȴӦ֮űҶЦһʺҪ
ҶЦһǳ״ݻĽԪΪսֹ


510 ң
ҶЦ֣ԭŵתΪˣת֮£µ˺ѸʧӰ٣ת֮£һϮո֣Լϡ
ҶЦһȻϾһǱóһ澵գͷĵͷ˻ȥ
ɣֱһ̤˧磬һϵĻҳһ㡣
һ֮ԾǷˣԾٷ磬Ȼǡ˳ƨ
۾ؿŻڿзҲۣУûа顣
ȫѻȸ
һʵ̫ܣ̫ͻأ̫ҸǰǰȫҲֻòʮϢʱ䣬اˣ
˶Լ۾һ㣬Ųӣ۾ͣĿųеľ󡭡
ͬˣʵһұĵ
ڴսԤϵҶ쳾ڣ˭Ҳû뵽һս֣ȻķʽҶЦķȻ˵Ϭ˵Ʋɵ
һ̻ռϷ硢ʹɱֵۣתۼ֪ľ棡
˽۵ת۱˽ᣬʲô
˵жһ޴ʺţô
Ϸصһڸ֣׹Уȫš
ҲãԸҲգʵȻǰ۰ˣ
̫Եʵʹ˵ĲϣĿ֮£м٣
һɥľǾ
Զ첻ͣȻһ£һǰδĻԲѪȪ͵شĿпֱʡ
ãһҡҡڰ֮վסˣվˡ
Ȼ˶֪ˣ
˿̵ۣǵ٣ԪѾȻ˿̻վ˵ʵѾǸ۲۵ˣ
ֻΪʮһԪδɢ˶ѣعⷵն㲻ϣ
ʹԾɿ׳ʵȴֻһ߿տǡ
ѾŸղһѪ˳
˵֮еһ㽫ɢδɢԪ֮֮⣬ް
ƣ
ʹҶЦԸʩȣ޾ռĵر񵤣ҲҪͽ̾κΣΪ壬ΪҪضѲڣ̸
ҶЦһȻؿվ塣Ȼ־ԶԼƮʼһ
ۣҰˡվҶЦǰһ˫۾ȻȻ񣬲ɣްĹʡ
ҶЦͷ̾Ϣһǵģˡ
Ϊ˵ҶЦȻԼǰվŵģʵֻһʬ塣
Ѿˡ
Լ˵ģֻһĨĵ꣬һִѡ
һĨִ꣬ԼϡͿܣҶЦһ֮࣬󣬻Ȳ꣬꣬ɢ
ΪʲôΪʲôܣĿлеʵ
ҶЦĵԭܼ򵥣֮ǰռϷ״ֻǼҿӪļҵʵΪѾԶԶس㣬ѾڵļƲϱ֮ϣ֮ǰһֱѹΪ㲫ɱҪĥ£̫ΪΪá
ԭ㲻ʹɱ֣ⳡϷٳһᣬ߼ˣȻͲֵ֣ĿҲ඼ˡ
ظ˿ԭˣ࣬ĶǼ󡭡
ͣͣô˵Ѿ֮
仰һ˶ֱ˶䡣
ҶЦ̾˿ҡҡͷǣһ𡣡
찲οЦЦͷԭǣǡ
˵仰ͻȻ䡱һ⣬壬ڱɢ֮󣬾Ȼʹʧˣƺôڻڿ֮Уβ档
ȵزȲεĴߣѾΪʵһڣˣȻҲѸƸȻһҲȫ緢壬ʣµȻȻƬء
ҶЦһջԼû˵Ļ
ȷʵ𣬵ұȺ쳾촫˵е֮Ҫǿ󡣻ں쳾챾ͲӦΡ
û˵
ΪѾˡ
Ѿ
ˡ
ҶЦҲ˵

˹ҵһսôĻ
ڳ˶׹Уδӡ
Ѱܣ
ΪߡԴսԤϵҶ쳾ѹһ˵֪λ˺ȥδӣӴԼʹ˹󣬻ѡȥ԰
ةīһ˷ɫҰܣ磬ãȻ޴롣
Ķǿ߶ԣʵڲó״ȴҲ֤ɵĴ֧һ𣬾ãȻ޴Ӧ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦλȥ⣬ҶЦǿֻϣ
ζЦЦ
ī쳤̾ҶЦһ񣬵սܣϷӦӴ֮ǰ˵ԼΪЧκϷѸߣĻ䣬ԡϷҪʹ˻ת죬Ϊ۰֮󣬱㼴԰˶׼
ҶЦ֮ǰսԼǴ˿ѾҶЦ¡
īŻλߵĿ˵
ȻūϥǡԾִۣһ
ҶЦձ۾׼
л˳ȫīƺһ˲һǧһ㡣ԭݵȻ޴棬ƾԣһ̬ӣű·Ĳǡ
ⲻװģǳ׵
ң
Ƴ̾һԽڶϷةһѡҪعʹһ̣˺ٲ̧ͷĿᶨΪϷڴĹǰһӢձΪֵۣ׷ǰȪԶôһ˶У
ҶЦ׼
漴²ΡΡվϷཫͬ飬䣬λȴĳֵܣ֮ԣڶ׼
ҶЦͷȴǸоɪ޾
ʹŵڸĵطȴԾɲΪ巽֮һ˽ܡ
ʹһ䣬ȴôֵԸ棬
ӪУ½½߳ǣҶЦһһ޽١
ȺҶЦʩһȻԹսȫȻᣬ޶õתȥǸԵ£ҲֻƾԸԸߵģ͸ˣԸģҲûǿ
Щ˾ôϢʧ˼䣬һ·϶ȥ
ʱӪկûлȥ
һɪӰнԶʧʡ

ҶЦעĿϷȥ˽ʧӰ³һ漴תȴȻǺɣ۾ɨΧˣһһٵģ죬ھ󣬹鱾У
һʱĻ
ˣЮһս֮£ϷأӴˣЦҶЦ˵ˣ
Ǿˣ
۰ɫԹһĨ԰ףһƬռ䣬û˵һ仰һ֣תȥ
ۺͬҲһԲת뿪
Ȼ뿪ĵڣȴһʵЦ۱¡
תѭȥֻ׳վԼԼɵĵطԼֻ˵Ȼȴ֪죬ʱң
֮£ֻоһɳӯ׵ļ±ŰȫȻ޴ƣŭҪ죿Ҫûû£
˵ŭһתȥ
׳Ц״

תԼפص·ϣһǡ
׳תͷЩЦĵѾͷôˣ
ֹڻǵӡһֱҶΪƽ֡񡭡
׹˷ôˣ
ĵ˵񡭡ҶȻȡֻ˵ӵпɻ۵Ϊ
׹ӵЦΣ
̧ͷǰӿƺ΢ЦƽǶһ·ԭϿɵĶ֣ҪôȻҪôһ겻ٲۣһһЦҵ̫įԭһʵսޣŶԵأҶЦѾɳ˵زҴĶ֣øһײǣ
ܹ˶֣ԲΪսԴ̣Ӣۡ쳾ΪӣҵĲɱһʤƽ£
ɫһ࣬ж޲ɣȴҲäĿԴҾ֪ҶЦǲʦܹӵеǰ䲻ܲɷֻ֣˵ǰ첿ڣ˷ֹǶ첿ЧֱκıʿоջԭҶʵսǳвۣھӵ׻ɱ巽֮һǿʵٲɵ֮⣬ҶҶҶ쳾֮䣬ĳЩΪ֪ȴʵڵϵۺϷǰӵеʵίʵѲҷ֮¡
׹ӹһЦǰǺܲмҶЦôڿ˼Ҷһۣʹ˸Ĺˣ
üأػ㲻ĿҶսΪģȴɣģ
ˣ׳ɫڻظƽ˽뷨ҶЦıȷʵޣֻ֪ҶЦʵȣܹʤ죬ȴ֪ҵʵһ
ݵĳüһȻҿڴ˶ԣҶЦ֪Ұ׳һֱΪҵĶ֣һΪ


511 ޹죡
˵հ׹һЦѸɳ˼վǱҶЦһ´ƽǱ˵

ڽһʱҶЦ˦ƹ״̬
ǽյú˳췽沢ûң׹ӡƸ¥ʵר־ԸҲϾ£ǱߣһԹۣȫ޶
˶ձݹνɾʮ㣬һͬǴ˼Ѫһ˷ܡ
Ͼھһ˵ȶԣڵĳɼʵ̫ϲˣһʼĳϦССһɳΪڵȻһͳ£ֻһ֮ңѣ
˵ĸɾֱ˱ĵز
ֵܻľλҲ˷һ˵ȼȻһҲûж೤ʱ䣬ȴѾϴ֮ǰǷ磬ྡ
ںɷ֮䣬սʮˣ˷̶ܳȣ漸й֮޲ԭϻǣһĦȭƣҪһ˼ȫΣԭֵܻͶõֵҲ˸߲ңЩոͶһҲǳ㽣ϾŹ죬巽֮һȫͱչУľЧʣܣ
ЩͶıʿһĻֲ̿ͷǱͶݡǳĸʵԾɲǿΪ֮ĩǣȴʽ֮󣬾Ѫϴ񣬾ôֱ֮ϵĸоԼܵǷͻȻӿʮĿоС
ĺôԶԶֹˣսʱһ򣺷սֵܣšɵһƣִƣҾһί߲ԽӦͨ裬ֱִ꣬ԩ顣
䵨ߣҪߵž
һκ˶øģ
ٿĸݣ˵ҪǱߴٱϵź
ոչʿǿһ۾ֱˡ
ݣûģֻ⸧ѾսҲֵˣ
϶̬սܹģ
ȻƵķҲ൱Ͽֻڿ֮սıʿ
Ҳ˵ֻһƽµĹ֮Ľʿļ˲лȡƣȴʸ
״£ǲġ
׿ЧֻƵѾһߵ
֮£ĹȻ졣ֹɣҶš˷һ㣬Կǰǡ
ţУҲȫڸɻְȨߵλ֮һܻ𣬳үӾûвɻȥչˣ
˵Եɺ£ûе˵Ȼɫ֮һʵʵĵǿߣȻһΪֹڳ꣬þͻƣֹԪݽ֮ŵȡ˫ѸΣ˵ϸǵ治զأ
ǲһͶ˾ǿǰʢǵͻƳ𾳣ڽʱͻƣһ·ֱ𾳶壬ĽҶЦ֮⣬ȷʵ˼
ȻамأǾ֮ضʤΧͬصĵ񵤣дʻԪΪй
ٵҪػľ顢̳ԭΪֹڳ꣬Ԫݽ߱Ե־Բߣֻ𣬱ˣɳƫƫͼˣȵתˣ
վǧһأΪ۷壬ҸоƺʱͻƲ𾳼ޣ㾳ȴʼղôһ㣬ɼ
ֱǰΧҶЦһսΧУֻҶ쳾ԼΪҶЦʤȻҶ쳾˽ҶЦʵʵΪ֪ȷţȴΪŶţΨг𣬲ƾ衢顢ԼҶЦ˽⣬ȷҶЦʤ
һս֮˵սջ֮ȻҶЦˣξֵĳΪƾһսĸֱͻ˲ƿ㾳ΣΪ˾еĵڶλ㾳ǿߣ
˴ʱչأڹΪϵǰȻͻƵľ磡
¾æµòɿΨҶЦҶˣʱȴÿ־ڶһ¾ӦϷһ±£һ˪º˳ҶҶ˵Ĺ֮С
Сӹö˵ޱ⡣
ҶЦ֮ܰ˦ƹ񵱵⣬ԷȻչأѸٳͣòҶЦ棬внЩȽ;Ӧƹϣıľɲǵ治ͬСǸк֡
ﾡֻ֪Ҫϣʽͣܰ׹Ǳû׼ã뱱սε״ҶЦἴʱƽ¡
Ҷ쳾Ǳ߿ҶЦһֱȹѩҪķʽôһ׳һѿڼʱɳΪһŲʹ׸йϣ䲻ɸԣȴĿɿڴš
̫ˣ
ٶȣǵǰ޹ˣҲǺߵġ

׹Ǳʼܹĵؽۣʹ˵ƯҶЦεĳɹվǸ˰׹Ӻܴѹ
׹ӵĹƿνԽԽǷˣ˳һ˸߹һˣȻֺγʡ͵ĵƣ˻ػɵҲԽԽƴǰһʧܾǱ첻βԿ
ңƸ¥ϾǾʹƸ¥ҲиƵд֮ѫȵȵջ󣬵ȴǷȱֱıȫԸƾǰԿܵǽսԷƸ¥˶δģսۣʼ޷ߣΪ̫ļ뱱ķط壬սȻҲЧ˵ȫ±죬ȴңɼ

ԭڽ״̬һУһҹ֮Ȼı䣡
һ峿׹Դȴеһٲףôô
ʱ˫Լҹսɱ춯أ԰˯ϲð׹߸ɡɽ糿ô˰
׹Ӳҵ߿չӱ˷ֻ澡һƬǽ壬ԭԴʮڱȻȫԱټޡ
׹Ӽ״ǴΪ棬Ӽӳһ缲۱ء
һ׷һ׷ſǱӴܵӰӡ
һææɥ֮Ȯ̻©֮㡣
׳״զˣ
ʱԼĵȷǴ·磬ʮսߣԶԶûȱɽĵزٱ֮쵱յ״Ҫ̫࡭
ؼǱۺս𣬾ͳһ۵ϣҲ϶ûܾôǱӰ
纣İ׳ͷһθеԴãв֮࣬ȴǼٸȥ
ǿʶ˲ӣ״ˣȻû⵽κεĵֿ
׳в
⵽ôˣ
ԼʱԼʶܻڵһʱ⵽ӭͷʹۺµĸ߽߸ֿһ㶼ٵģԼô޼ɵĲ鿴
ھȻһ㷴ûУ
⵽ô£
׳üͷһ壬ЩԼʶ̽⣬ֻܵıӣһɴֱ࣬ðɣ
ǰ϶ǷĳЩ飬⣬ȴǱҪ׵ġ
ӣѵͬԼķƸ¥ȫʤˣȻϡͿʤ׳Ҫ
ĸ׹ӣϡʤ
ոȥ֮˲ȴһƴһ˵ݣͽ׹һЩӿе
ܰɡ̫ˡ
û뵽Ͼħڡ
ղݣ״ֱҪˡǸġ
Ǳ˵ϻˣϽۺʹ󽫾ǵȳǿ߶ħһһɱЩƨ
ԣ߿ߡ
ĺְôǿߣôᱻɱôҡ
Ҫôô˵ħµأ
ӻȥ֮ⱲӶˣڼһףǰȫġʵ̫Σˡ
ǡսսҲˣħôŪĥ̫
ǰǰ
׳͵سһ
ۺˣ
ħɱˣ
߲㱻һѶˣ
Ϣİ׳ЩʹϿһԴ
Ҫ˵׳Ķں쳾Ƭؽ磬Ҳ˵ǰ֮
Ҫ𾪵ȵزµԿ֪
׹ڿж˶ת֮£ɴ޹˼ɵɢʶȻ֮Ϊߵļ˷λһ̣¡

֮󡭡
׳ϴų˼֮ɫ̤˻س̡
ֻžϣֳһ˿ɫ
ηɫڰ׹ϣ֤Ѿֲʲôز


512 ħͷ֣
ʲô£ð׹ҲҪ˹
巢ʲôʵҲ֪ӣҲϡͿģǴ
֪ǡϣǶĿһɺԶԶƮҳΪơ˻Ȥ˵ͦʲôʲôġ
Ȼкܶ˿ǹӺƲ֮ͻȻ
λȴֱӳ˴۵ʱй
Ȼһѯʣʲôˣ
žһĻ죬۴һʲôһоԣææȥȼݵʱ򣬷ִѾʡ¡
ֹ۱ˣͬڳб߲ĴȻڷһ⡭ǹɺԾй֮ε
ţʲô쳣ûУûзκ쳣
⡭ְ롭ţƺǡºʰйʱڴ۵йзֹöռõǻӹǮ

һʱ
ʵʱȥºֻһŶѣȻһţȴҲɣһ͸¶⼸䵱ʱ״ˡ˵˼֮󣬸žͷԾˣվѡ
챰ְнȥʰо֣ȥ֮ͱ̯ˡйеĳʵ̫ңӶˡ°ѪҲûУֻʣһƤŹͷһʬ˲ʱһһ㶼Ҳˡ
ʬ״ҲӡҪȻҲôܲ˵
״ΪȻħôһɺйеڣܶ˶ˡǹɺڵΪߵͣӴ߼ʱȫ˸ʬȻ˷ĩ
һٷĹ⾰ٸӪϰ˶˸ʬǲܵô

û취ǹɺԪһӦ޷Чȫ֮ͬУǳʶֻ㣬ΪǺ˳ʶɸʬ
ĶܻܸʲôĵǳŲסˡ

ϰٸˣ׹»̻ǵûŽ⣬ԽԽˡ
ôˡ
һΪĪ֪ɡ
ħħ
׳ϰˣ˵˵ͬС죬Ҳϸ룬ǸһǺ֮Щ֮еĲбܽǶ϶ûκλᴮ˵ѵġ
֮飬Ȼģ
νĺƣħħҲô£
׳һʱֻԼӻ쳣һ飬ȫͷԡ
Ǻ쳾ʵ߲㣬ȴҲû˵ֹ¡
ͻȻðһôֲʵ
ħ׳³һ૵ϣ˿ֲô

ҶЦǱߺܿҲ֪˱ͻȻܵϢ
ֻǵ֪ʱ򣬱췽ѾܵӰ١
Ͼһʵ̫죬̫ͻȻˡ
Ҷ쳾ͽ׷һޱҲһͷˮ
ô£
ôͻȻˣǰˣһҪҹֻʶӣһǧҲû
Ҷ쳾üͷⲻԣп϶ʲôشԵʰ
˿̣ҶҶЦǰϣɻ󲻽֮ɫ
Ա߶һǿߣȫȫһ顣
ҶǶʶڱ۵Ը֪ú
һսҲܵˣ
ô졭
ݵǰõ鱨ܵͷһ죬˫սԾڳȻ䵽·磬Ҳֻ·磬඼ûг֣ڵڶϣĪĿʼȫԱܣһ죬˫ȴûпսãƸ¥붫һЩ߲㶼֤
Ȼûս˫Ҳûоս췽ôͻȻء
ҶЦüͷǰ׳ʹıƣҲͼӰЧɡڰ׹˽ɲǼͽ׳ܹʹõֶζһ顣
ȴԽԽͿԽ뷴̬ˡ
飬Ȼ顣ҶЦ϶˵Ҫαֱ߰׳ô˵ˣ
Ҷ쳾תͷ˵˵ǶǸģ
ҶЦͷҡҡͷǲģ϶Ҳǲ߻ġ㲻߻ģ϶Ҳ֪ģϾܣߡ
Ҷ쳾ͷɫ
ǰ׳ģô׳˿ɾ̫ˡ

УһƣƮƮȥ
ƺѰʲô
ռУڵҶҶˣһβֱֱģҡȥ֡
ҶЦ֮ǰͻأٽһ㣬޾ռҲ֮仯ʵˮǴߣࡣ
ĶҶҶ˻нӥߺ쳾ȵʱָ̬࡭
ĳлֺ֮ʣͻȻȻһǸӦʲô˲õĶµϸëֱ۾ɲǼһ˿ǿҵ⣬漴һ뿪˿ռ䣬˾Ӫ֮еĿطͷȥ
ſȥһźɫڰ׷Ҳһ˿Ի󲻽⡣
ɶأΣյӣȴֺء
һСצ̧ԼĺӣЩĿ˸
ìܰ
ֻһѱǺɫעܷǳ൱Ĳ򵥣
УΣ֮˵սʱ͸ֻƾٶħߵֻعɴǿߵʶǱɲʶȣսٲô׵İҶ쳾С
ϵҶЦֺ֮ɢʶ౻ߣմսзʶȡʵνǰʢǰֵҶЦͻƣ޾ռŶʵҲдڵĶʵѾȥ˺εȵزѾգҶЦʵϵˣ޷
˫ӶԶǹԵòҪҪģ鲻𾳸߽׵Ľӥڶǰ˳ȫҪһֱԶϴλͼͬΪֲߺ٣Զһͽūſ
Ⱥ۽ߣ޾ռ֮󣬼御Բ𾳳׵۽ߣӵ˲ٿ壬ܴС֮ƵԶԶΪ𾳵۽߾ηȫĿ֮ĿŨ壬ɾֱС򾣬ڸУ
ʵգʵضǿòҪҪĶȻҲеΣգǺɫļѿɼһˣ
ڶĿյһ̣ǹӺƺǲ˶ĴڣȻϿҷֱˢһ߿ա
ʧӰ١
۾ͻȻһɥ
ȻЩΣգԺó԰ôأ㴷أڵԸӡ

С
ҶЦǰأô˵ҲãǲʵԭѰζ룬²⣬ֱӹȥҰ׳̽
˶һ
УУ̫Σˣ
ϲ£̫ˣ˾ֻ֮յأ˾پΪ
ܴܺǷƸ¥Ūǰ񲻸ԷĪɲɰ
Ҷ쳾Ҳʾԣ׳ӵһҹ֮㶨ۺͱи߲ʵʵ㼫ߣֻǰ׳ҲаճŪ㣬ȸѾ֣з֮Ͷ
ҶЦüͷ
ȻʵΪţΣһҲΪǷ׳ΪҲãԼʲôûɣҶЦԼôоġ
ָоȴ־Բó˵עᱻĽ֡
Ͼûκݵ£ôشĳó˵ίʵ̫Ϸһ㣡
ʱɣ¾ܣһһ
Ǿֹۺǿһˣոôһ顣
ҲֻˡҶ쳾ǡ
Ҷ쳾λΣϾǾˣ߶䶼㲻ϣ˼ҾʱһǵأǾ¼ıָֻţİߣǿɾǲ֪ˣˡ
ϾҶЦԼִҶǱҶһһ롣
һ㣬Ҷ쳾оͷʹһ㡣
ΪһϵԲԼ뽫֮ҶĻҵҶЦûһʵɣ
Ͷ
ԲУ²УϾ֮Ҷֺ쳾Ŀںǡ֮ʱսȺۣھƲʣҶ쳾оɱ޵սóóȻ֮Ҷһˣô˵Ҳ˵ͨģ
ҶЦҶ쳾λöǬٶҲУ̫Ϸˣ
ҶЦҶ쳾һ˵˴կſڣֹ
ҶۺҶ˴˼ʻԭīһŽһŰ׷ԵúУϾͬ壬һ˵С
׷ǵİҶЦ¹ڣȥɣ⺢ôĻҵô˶ָ㣬ɱԼ۵ˣ֮ôõ𣿣
ҶЦһůá
Ҷ쳾תߣҶЦͻȻڵ
Ҷ쳾תôˣ
ҶЦԥһ£һ¹ʹȥȥҶܵأݼĸףԾТ
Ҷ쳾оȻ䱩һ̣Щˣһããã
ЦתȥȴһĽᾡȥĿ
ҶЦȴǸе̲ס̾һ
Ҷҡ
Լͬɵ֣Լվͬ˵ԼϣͲˣ
ͺڣԼҶ쳾İҲãΪҲգ˼ҾôˣݺԼѾܣ֣й֮ȻԼҪʲôӦ˼ҵ⣬ʼ޶ãֻУԼľܲˡ
Ҷ쳾ԶȥӰҶЦһʱ侹ȻԼǸʲôо֮˼ҳһ֡
Ҷ쳾
ҲĺˣʹԹҶҾȫûҲ־ԮһԭԴͷȻΪԼΪԼҶҡ
Ȳпĸ飬ȥ⣬ҶЦĵĳܲ
ʮļ壬˵ôûˣ
ǻԼԼܹݲпĹ𣿣
֮ҶҶ
ڴ֮ǰҶЦ뵽⼸ֵʱȫݣ
ȻԴǼ鷢֮ҶЦҶ쳾ǸȻӣ߶ЩҲȫȻ޶ԣûκθоӣµĸоΨбˡ
ѵΪһλ֣վһҪߵôʧĵز
ԣڲļȫûˣȻ۷壬¾ڽ£ȴʲôȤ
νȤҪ˷Ҫ֪ϿɣĽʺޣȤļ⣬û㼫⣬νȤֵһӣ
˽ԵߴʤȻм֪Ҳ֪νߴʤĹ¼࣬ȴ֪״γվڸߴǸԼһֵģ
ܣ
ҶЦĵ·ǰ·׷ѰĴ
Ҷ쳾ǻ
ǡ
߶ǻ
Ӳǡ
ȴô顢顢顣
ҶЦ̾Ϣ
ѵ£Ŀһеġĸ飬顣
ҲҪ𣬾ԲҪ
ҶЦилһ£ҶۺҶתؾȴ¸ֳղŵɻ󣺱һϦǰ׹Ϊģ
ôܵģ
˹ܵľƣγɵģ
ǲҪ룬͵͵ȥһ׹ӣһʾ
ҶЦ˼š
ȴ֪˿̵ⷬ˼Ƭδչ鴦

ҶЦɻ󲻽⣬ȴ뵽ûİ׹ӣ˿ȴܵƽΣ
һվɽۣԭפڣѱɿյĴأͬʱҲڽŵ˼棬鿴Զĵ伮
һЩ翵ģܻĵܻĴ˵־졣
ȴûҵκرбġħħء
һЩ־С˵еͬϸ֮ȴϿȷֻԭߵĺ죬ûаʵԣħħûаء
ȻͷǰѾʵʮڴ֤ȴôмٵģ
⵽ôأ׳վɽۣǳ˼
׳ȻӼߣȴҲäĿԴ󣬱ۺǸԼ׶ͬǿߣԼսʤ֮Ҳǵһսȡ⻹һһ߲㸲֮ʱ߻оı߲㣬֮ǿᣬȴκһˣ˵ЦȻȴûһ֮˵ʵѾȥһɾɲĸ߶ȣ
Ҳ֮ˣһҪԵĿ꣬ǽߵķƸ¥Լ׳ܲ˼ӦԲԣ
ǰ׳֮У״δս֮ĸо
ĸоĲã̫ˣ
ڴʱ
Ҫ֪ô£βңһ翵Ĵ
׳¶Ȼһ
ۿǰͻȻֵһźһȻĵ
ѵǻˣ
ڰ׳ǰ䶯һ£ȻλûһΣλõһ䶯һԭһţȴջһ˵ӣȻ·ŵƤࡣ
Ӧ׽ܵˡζɵ΢Цһ£һ˫۾޾а쿴Ű׳а׳


513 ֮ħ
׳ֻоһǿľƿնƺҪԼ˼һ㣬ɵüͷһ壬ǰ׳
ͬʱԵҶƬڰ׳ﴦɢһӯӯ⡣˲㼴Բλãסͷ­ʶȫ
ɺ¶һɲɫףСӻȶ֣Եѽ
׳ЦЦ֪´˷ǰңкιɣ
ЦƽƽƺȫûʶԼԵһͷ޿ֲħͷ
ԼʵֻڶԷһ֮䡣
׳ԾɲԼƽһƽ̬ͶԷԻֹǵЩָʹӸ¡
ĺܲ
͵ЦЦֵõ治ȻΪǳһѪʳ˵ñʳָ󶯡
׳΢ЦһѪʳѪʳ־ǶԺ쳾ĳƺˣ
˹һЦǼǼСӹȻý
׳¼ȻС͵úܣȴ֪ܷΪһѪʳ󣿡
º͵˵ʲôɻ󣿡
׳΢ЦҺΪں쳾ʮԽκε伮֮жûй⡭Ĵ˵ɡĺǵʲôˣ˵ʲô壿һ
˻ͷȻֻһػɴཫɻ˵
׳ǡһǿȺȻڵ伮֮УôǴδ쳾磬ôΪʲôһξܹأ
أô
ȻСһǣһۺڵһӦ߲㶼ɱðɣһһֹɣؾνѪʳĻȡֶΡôΪβֱӶ֣Ͼҽ
ţһ⣺ʲôͼ˵Ŀʲô
׳Ŀڰ׷
΢ЦŰ׳Ŀ֮ͣǰѾ˵˺ü飬һҪ˵һ飬Ĳ˼ǳ͸Һϲ
ͷŲ֮ϣ޾գȻش⡣νıһˣɱǡ
Ϊϣֻһûͬ˵ͬͬ塣
˵ô˵ô
׳Ŀⲻֻһࡣ
˵ЦЦΪʲôɱ㡭ΪҪİֱۣ͸ĳ⣬Ҳ˵һݼɡ
׳Ŀ侲ΪʲôңǿߣǳΪǸãǵܺܽȫʵǿ֮⣬ҪҪֻҸʤֻҪİͼ룬ʹһҲ£ʲô²Ϊ
׳ҴΪʲô̫ĵط
˵ֻûз֮СǱۿԱ⣡
׳ȻȻµұȱ۸Ϊʤǿģиȫ߲ĴǰκεƯҪۿֻۣ֪ΪΣŸ²ڴͽ̰ɡ
ЦЦ⵹Ҳûʲô˵ģҼȻ㣬ȻὫԵȫˣһѡ㣬мӵĸԭڣίʵǸĴڡƬ֮䣬飻˵ıۣ߱νļҲֹֻһۣ֮һ㣬֮ˣӦ˵֮ˡΨֽ֮ڲܰﵽңҶȫ壡
׳ͫһ֮䣿飿ʲô˼Ϊʲô
ЦЦĲһΪΪҵĻ룬֮˵˽ˣ飬Ȿһìܵ˵ìܵľֻ
׳Ĭһ£¶һɬ΢Цԭˡ
ҲԶȷʲôԭĶƬصӣȫѾˡֻıߡΪ״Ϊֽڳ˱ķΧУһ߽;ĩ·ȻԼеƴŬ˱дĵ׺
ĿϬĿŰ׳գͽ̾κ֮ڷٲʷ֮С
׳ͷ֮ȴĳéٿлָ̡
׳һлָȴϣΪŶԷ˵Ļʵ飬滨١
Ϊ˵ģԼɵһ㡣
ؼģԷ˵Ҫ֮˰һΪݡ
ҲܽͶԷΪʲôұۺ׺µԼ
ΪԼĵȷȷ֮ˡ
ƾһȥҵ˻ľģȻͽ̾κΣȴֺܺ׳΢΢һЦղɲѾʧ٣ʣµģΨһƬƽԲڡ
ҶЦ׳ĬĬҲµĹȻûдȻԭҵ顣Ǻǡ֣оȻ㡣
ΪħѾңҵѲó
ȷʵԺλĴڶԣȴҲֻԺѣֻܺҪҰ㣬һΣһѡһɣ飬˵ԭ͸㣬Ұ㣬ҲȫȻеȴ˃Ȼ
΢ЦţֻҪҵİ֣㽫ôƱȥܼд˽˵νɽٻСֵһӶ
׳΢Цлۡ
΢Цؿ֮ǰ˵Ҫİ˵һ쳾죬ҶԱ棬ȡѣӴԺǾǺϵңʧȥҲµĹУõ׷¡ʵҶøлƬأб˴ˣǵԸֻҿ԰ֻͬ飬ҳ£
׳΢ЦᣬԷθ׳к£Һ֮£һ֣ؿǡ˼ϣ¿Լشҵ⣬ϣ֮ĺ޸ңһЩ벻Ϊ٣ֻҲܡ
΢Ц⻰˵ǺϵȻһһΪ˵Щ鲻ף˽⣬ȻףҵļƻҲϵЭ
׳΢Ц˱Ըˡ
˹һЦ˼Ƭ̣֯ȴȻشһ⣬ҵʲôˡӦ˵Ǹʲô⡣
˵Ǹʲô⡱ʱ򣬺ԼҲЦЦ˿Ϊ⡣
׳ˬʵЦЦµؽλֻ֮Ҳôҵȷ֪γƺʵ
ҲǹһЦСһĻȻȴᣬϲ
ٳһ£Դһʼ˸ĺɫλ档ҳǸ磬¾ฺءȺԭڰ֮壻ͳιǧ൱£ͬ˵ߺڰ֮Ҳһ밵һĴڡ
һǿ쳣塣Ŀȫ廳ܹһԪԴΪãɵĹУǿԻɵͼ䣬й
ֻҪɣܹһ۷壬ΪǿߣǵʣΪʣǲܹΪǧİߡ
˵Ļð׳ıĸоһ
ֻɣܹձߵΪм䣬йеܣ
壬ֹǰԵڰ
ڳưڵĴǧ֮ڰԪر鼰棬ȻڰԪӵгӣȾԣھµķ֮ڵĴǧҲԸɣ߲һǡɳһ֧СӣԽǿգҲǧ档
屾츳ȻֻһС֧СӣҲռһЩСλ棬ֻҪ壬ǾͿԽʣĺڰԪصߵĴǧ磬ԺЧкͺڰԪأ
Ȼ֧С뿪֮öûκϢǵˣһɱǡĿⱯһߡһֻһʱ䣬ͽȫ𡭡һŵĶûзŹ
ֻһˣͽ峹塣
˵Ļð׳Ȼ𾪡
һˣһʱ䣬һưȫ
壿
ңĶһ˾ӵж߲ȫԱս˫ظ˫ۼƣôǸˣʵʵָȥεȸ߶ȣεȵز˵ĸɽֹϹ
׳˲ԾĵطòϰɣȻ壬û»ŵģԷǰĴߡô£
˵ҺҵֵܣԻ壬᣻ǵĸ֪ʵ֮࣬˽ٶ϶޷ܹŽֵܵԪӡŵ桭Ƿ֮󣬷֡磬ѾûνĴڡ
ʵֺֹ壬ǳǸǧ磬ҲȻ׵ķܷ档
Ǵǧʵ̫ˣ˴˵еķ񾳽磬Ҳ϶ܴǸ뿪Ǹһȫյ
ʵ˵ֵ̧ۣܵΪǸĿֻĺڰԪضλܹȻгڰԪ֮ܣеĺڰԪʵ̫ŨѾֲΪһλԺס磬ǵα꣬ʹڰԪйαһһεǱĬкͺڰԪأĴͨĪ˵꣬ңҪɽֹη
Һ͸˼ãΪ֧Сӳ⣬ΪĳЩԭλɱǡȺĸ⡭ΨһĽۡ
Ǹ׷յľֻѡ֣ܹε޶ûУƫƫֵܣԣûзȺءǵ淽ʽҲܿɻľҰޣЩɳһֱڣѾʮ¡
˵ʹ԰׳ĳȾҲ̲סϼ鴤һ¡
ֵܣλԣ
̵ΣԭʮϴС
֪ƽԼнǱ˴˰ֽأҪǾôʮ꣬ǲأɶΪ˰ɣ֪ôΣ׹ȻͻȻð뷨
ǻ纣ĴҲδûа֮ģ֮̽⣡
ֱһʱգ֮ⷢһ©ԵķʽȡһЩѪʳõһЩѶϢ
˵̾Ϣǿһ㡣
׹һ̧üԵ
̾ϢͷΪƣ̫ѣ˺α˴µķʽ
׹һԭ̨ͻԵ֮أǸİϷ
˹һЦı˶ԭ㾹Ҳ֪ط
׹ӵȻڼôߵļ䣬ѵû˵Ұ׹ӵ֣
仰԰


514 ܴܶ
˹һЦ˵Ҳǡ׹պЩ˵ļίʵǸƥ޶ԡ
һȻİ׹ӵƨˡ
׹Ӻγ֪˾ԲԣߵĲʶԼеİ׹ӣȴֺǰ˵У˼ʲڼſķǵĴ
׹½̵ǣȻЩҪϸ硭Ȼλ϶ǸֻԵķʽȡѪʳȻ֤ȷʵǷյ磬ǵʵ츳֮ܣͳưڵƬǿˡôһΣȴܹһأ
һЦȴҪлеλˡ
׹üŶ
˵һ£ʲôةࣿɷħħ֮ħռʱ򣬴߶ɷ󡣡
˹ЦЦɷȺԭ֮ʱųȥһʱǿ磬ɢȥʮ򱾣ֻҪ˶ãǾͿƾŸӦԱԪ״̬ɱȥȡѪʳһŹ
һЦ

ɷԭɷ󡭡׹̾һ
ԭǱǱ߳⡣
׹֪Ԩ纣Ȼ֪νɷشµֹ˹ܹǳȻ֮ĳЩʽȻ˷ȻЧȴΪʹߵѪƬ̣ʹʹΪߣҲڼʱھѪĽ߶Ǳ˶˵ǳ֮ȡ˴߶ɷ֮˵ȫѪ
ةΪ㾳ǿߣѪ֮ԶʤѰߣħֽ࣬Եɺ֮£ħͷ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪȱսΣʱʹɷռˡ
׳̾˿
ʵΪʲôҪռ⣬׳ۺҲǹ߾ɳ֮Ѿ˾Ƶ֮ƣռ֮һԼתڣδħͷһļԼİ
¿Ͻ⣬Ҳš׳һٵҿԵõҪһСʹ硭ʼ벻ܴõʲô˵ΪʲôҪҺʵĿǲܾʹ˵ɹʶ֮վԺ޼䣡
˵ҹȻûпˣȻǸģǾ˲˵֮ǰɷռλ۱͸֧ԼӵеĻ߶һϵɷЧ죬ҲΪڴˣڵ磬һ϶ӦûӳǷ
Ȼҳ֮ǵѷžʧˣҵĸ绹֮С
˵ԣҵһĿľǡ޳ɷ֮ӵ˴߶ɷһܽҵĸҲɹģ֮ƽȵĺϵҴڸɷȫ˺ԼͨΪңͬʱҲ㵱߶˵Ĳ֣ԴѪͬ㣬մɵЧȴͬģ֪İ׹ɱ֮ˣŲΪЩ
׳ŵĵͷΪ룬سѳ֮⣬Ŀİɣ
˹ЦЦҵһĿõ֮󣬳Ϊ׵ʱ̣Ǹʱɵ֮һ£˶ѣ
׳ͷһ£¿Ҫת켣¶ѾٶϿɣȻ壬𣿡
˲Цľˣһ죬ֻһԸְɣ
׳ȻЦǽֹڴȷʵ֣浽Ǹʱ棬ηܣΪķܣֻ쳾˶ᱻɸɾôҳףΣʲô壿ҲһѡҰ׳
˹Цˣ׹ʼǰæĶˣô𱨵顣Ƭ쳾磬ȾָһɾףõǾͻἴʱ뿪磬ǿôǺδȥֵܣԣҪϢٽ̫ǰһĳܣֻ¾ҪˣԹӵǻۣжϲҵĳ⣡
׳ƺ⶯ˣεΪβȥҵǸˣǸϣиӴˣǸӵĿݣαҪһأ
˿ЦҺγˣȴڣϵѾתֿԣ㣬ɽ˵ߣأ
׳ġŶһ
ĿƵĿŰ׳ôѾȫ˵סڣʱæﲻ
׳Ц˵Ļǲǻɣ
ЦЦȻӾܾҵĺӵĴұк棬˵㣬ŹҲţ𣿣
׳ЦȻˣﻹѡô͵ô
ЦЦȷûѡѡ·Ҳǿ
׳סмǲӦɱɣҲ
Ŀʱ˵ѲɹӾΪ˵ֻɾӣв𣿡
׳û˿˲Ŀ˵вڸжѡ⼸ҲҪ˵ġ
˴ŭĺһȻ״ǲ
ԾѾ˰׳ΪһֻССϣһѪʳȻҷвԼʵ̫֪ô
ǵ׳ԼļƻҪԣȴֻ»˵ɣ
׳ұ˴˺ȡ裬ڵǰȻҲԻΪǰᣬ˵ҲǹˣоŵɸжϱǣһüʱټǸʱ֣Ʊؽ½ҵĵ⣬һй¶ǵļƻûɵĿܡ
˵ȻֻڰЭѾ㹻ҴӦˣ
׳Σڽһʱٲκһ֮ࣻǰһ̵˱۵ѾȻ󲨡ǳķ¼ֻ½ͬ飬ԸһУʹܹԾǹܴɡ
ԥһ£Ҳȷˬĵݶˣµĵɾ֮˵
׳зɿһ⣬ҲҪһ㣬㲻ܸҵսԼƻ£ҵһмƻźõģκ˳⣬ӲܿҵɡֻڴģԼȫ
˵Ҳû⣬ƽµĹУҵİæֻս棬ҪԼıãⷽ滹治óΪֻԽԽæ֪֮һеģƲ档
׳ͷǸܹŵԡôȻԺЦЦԤеǵĺȻ졣ǡϣسŵȺ壬ģҳɾ֮˳ƬǿգˣҲŻģȫĵº
˵ʱҪΪհ׹ԣģôԼ֮󣬾ͱҪ˳һƬǿա
ķԾɻὫȺȫһʼĳȫȻıۡ
˱˵ħˣγŵƷϣ׳Ϲϵĳ˱Ѿ˰׳֮󣬽žͽ쳾ʳøɸɾĴ㣬ȴû뵽׳Ȼôһ֣ôһ
׳н쳾ج˳׶Ͼ
Ҳأ˵ִΣ
׳һЦ۾֮ĺǰᣬǸһ죬ǰᣬ첻棬壬ھҡ֮ǰĳŵȫûгſԣĽԾֻһУ߱һлҪҵΪҲеѪʳһӦĺ𣿣
˱ŭĺһ˷йеķŭصĵˣҴӦıǣ
˵ţһƬɫѪҺȺ֣صġ
ӡ֤׳¶һˬʵЦݣ죡
ȴһ׳֪һ˼ܣȻȴϣǧҪʲôĲĶҺϵѾó̫ĳ⣬ҲҪԵóĳȫԸ
׳Ұ׳ŵӦ˵飬Ȼᾡ֮ĺȷʵĳ⣬ȻеûģھԵʵ֮ǰСô
˵ôáһҪμǴ˵㣬ŵҲ̵ʱƬ绯һƬ棡
׳Իٳǵ飬ҸԼǰһŵô磬ҲһŵȣԼ㣬֪һеġ
׾ͺãϣ׹ܹʼմȥһգ
˵꣬˾ͻһźȻ׼ɢȥ뿪ˡ
׳һᣬ˭󵽰׳ӽʱݣѹȴǰδУ־׹ߣҲĺﲨľ
ֻǻ׹һȴѿֳˣ¾ۺ۳Ρ
׳ĳһʱ侹²ȥ⡣
Ҽһ£һûи˵أҪҰ֣ûûеΪιͨ˺
׳ɫ΢΢һȻǴôʸմ
Ǻ˲Ӳӵıǲˡ
׳ѲɵλĴܾȻͨˣʮ֮࣬ԶۼӦͨʵ̫˼ɾɲˣ
ǺɫһڣڲڣǴܹȻͨޱߣҲĥһСҵ˼ʵ˵ҵ屾еò֡
׳֮ĵʱڣʵʸǡ
˵ҺҴܴܶԴֱһɡ
׳һ鴤֡֡



515 İ׹
˵Ҳò
׳ֹǲԣֵ˷ʡ֮ӡ̣ҾȻЩֱףȴ˵Ǻְ
˵ͷҲôõҾ˵ֺܺãɴƫƫҪ˵Ҫ֣ô˵Ҿͳ׷ģ˭˵ҸҲˡӴ˺ں쳾죬ҲܶҾΪý顣
׳ãá
˴ĵ˵ͷһƬת˲ɢӰ١
λԴܶˡ
׳ȷǡܶ뿪ˣشһ̧֣ĨȥһֱڣƲʹͷ亹ȻѾȻȴԾɸо֮ͬʮ߰˸ء
ûɽͣɽˡ
ȻԾɴ򶨣Ϥ׳˾Ͳѿó׳ĲһЩƶٶȴ״һࡣ
Լҹ첽һ
үȥѾңԾɱôƶٶȣ˵ʧ̬״̬ȴǰδУѵǷʲô˵Ĵ£
ʲô飬ùʧ̬ˣ
ԹӵĶͷҲ䶯ݲǰ
׳߽ȥȥҡ
һۣҵһѯԸŰ׳ȥ
һȥ;һɷƸ¥ĸ߲޲Ŀɿڴ
칫үɫôѿأ

ӣ׷ʲô£ʵ
ǲҪǹĵ⡣׳һ񣬵ȥѩ뺮ѩ
Ծһ㶡
˱Լص֮ȻƸ¥Ѿڵдްֿȴÿϣѩ绹Щͺѩȴһ䳰ȷһƿڴ
ȻܲȥͲȥ
˭ԸûҰأ
ǽ죬ƺ
򿪿ռƣͬʱ뵽һռ֮У˾ռزܴ󣬴־һľԺӶѡ
ԺУжԺ䣬ǼؾţȴֲʧûʴĽ
Ժ֮䣬в°ɷԲĿյأֲ۶ĻݣǵԾסۣסŵסΧν൱ġ
Ȼ˼ȴд಻Ƴ
˵İ׳ʲô׹ӣʲôǿ߷ȣʲôƸ¥ƨǹƨ
ıƣ˱޳ܣӾûпģ
ֻأȻҪҶЦһ֮۳ɣ
ȻóƱֶΣıˣǰడ
޳Ҫ
׳أôүģ

Ľƾ춯أֻϧ˾һôطֻڴˣٺҲֻż徻ѡ
׳Цţ˽ȥ֣ػô󰡣
淿Уһ˳׳С˾ȻҳҪ޳֮ͽ
׳΢Ц֣⻰ɾͲˣԴֵĳϿдüðСӹ绨ԣػôô˵СܿɾҪˡ
ƿڴͣĹƨ˵ôô͵ôѾ˶ȫȻŲǵ˵Ȼôֱ׳ֱ֪ܡ޳ܡ޳ܣѾ޳ˣ
׳һЦ԰ֵ꣬һʱûñطõúúһ١
һߣѩһİѩҲǳбһ㣺Ҫģ˭ֵܣ
ѩöҼҹӿһЩǷƸ¥źԴ֮һζļŭǣֻĥǵģԼλһЩ飬λͲǺһ֮ҲǺ
ЦСѾͷҵҪӺ˵ʽ;óкǰ
׳ڰ֣ȻЦĪҪ֡ȥƲҺλʹһȻλ·һ
ѩϰ׳·׳ˣ
׳Цͼλ·ķʽȴλҲҵдˣ΢˱һнԿλľ񡣡
Ц޴£վһաϽľӾһ٣

һϯʢľƲ
ٺЦںȾƣڳԲˣһɴ
ѩĶһЩ̸ЦȱӺݡ
ѩ磬Աߣ澡ƽͣƺʲô飬ϣʹ֮£಻С
׳Ȱƣ˵˵ЦЦϵһʱȻǢ
һʢ֮ŶƤЦ׳ϯоƲ˻ķϣٶӣ˵ɣҪô·
׳һЦ·һû˼ʿռŻȻλκηŶȥҶЦãȥȥȥŹȥҶûи
һ仰ʱסˡ
˵뿪ɣ
ѩȻ̧ͷ
ȷд⣬ϾҲͬ⡭׳̾һֻƽ׵ǣԹάϵһ˽ռ䣬ܵĻʵ̫ҲЩеˡǲҸɻ쵽ҡҲߣѵԼҲڣǳҵİʳ
۾㲻вҶЦˣ
׳Ȼã˵ﻰҰ׳ְвˣ⻰ǽҰ׳̫ˡ
Ц㽫Ǹ㵽ı⣬Ϊ˹ǳôʱķ
׳΢Ц˵ٳһǰʵᣬֻĽ˼ʶ֮е֮٣ٳ뺮ͬһ뱾¥ǰճɻк԰ʳҲνλǵƳҲǳ˿ɼգѽӦΪ裬Ųλ·
˷ۣ׹ӣŲ˵ĹôҪĻϵ¸Ԫͷϣ
׳ЦעĿϡ
ȴδ䣬ͻȻнһһöԪһԴϡ
ռ䱾ǰ׳˽˿ռ䣬Ҫ׾١
˾ղŵǾ仰ȴʱЦԷǡЦá
Ƹ¥ʵкλλɣȥҶЦǱ߰׳԰׺Ȱɣ׳վһǰԵټ֮ʱ˴ǵзѣףλһ·˳磬粨ն񣬻Ҫౣء
˵յôռ䣬ȥ
һʱ㿴ңҿ㣬ǲǰһС
߳ռ䣬߳Ƹ¥ĴӪȻ󡭡
һֱȥ޽Ⱥɽ֮УԸоͬһ㡣
˵ʲôҲ벻ͨ벻׳ȰԼץúȴַ𣬾ôԼ뿪Ǽ˼أ
ʽ治µİ׹ӻ顣
һ仰˰׳ĹΪ
ʮа˾ǷˡԲ˵ĵء
ѩͷͬ
ʵ֮ǰ׹˵ʲôԼĽƣѩѾóĽۣ
ѩӪʱҶЦүӵ죬λү֮ǰأҶЦҽڣ־ôʱȻѾȬˡ˵֮ǰ֣ȴǲʤꡣ
ҶҾѾڣүӵҲܹصĴھˡ
ò˵үڹЭǳͣݹ۾£˵޳ҡ
ֻǼүڵ̬Ծǳ˾ġ
ԼΪһ֮ػ˼һӣΪ˼߾ܣŻѪǵΣһҫ
Ȼֱ֪ԼӴڣʵںĴ
ʵüλү磡
ȴҲǽŽ飬峹װҶЦս벻֮䣬ȫ޼϶üλүӾͬʱȴͬ˷ܶĻ
λү˵үӣҲֻòѣǵͶЩˣͷ˵ȷ۵ĵ£ΪҶЦ֮ĵǣȻҲдԸʧ֮֮ɣܣܸҶ֮ʱһҶδܸ٣Ҷ棬ҶȻ죬ȴδز;ͬ飡
Ϊ⼸λүӵļˣҶЦĸ
̫µ̫࣬ΪߵȻͲ¹ףںȨλȻּҪʲôƺ֮ģҶЦԣֱּòҪҪã
ϰȨ·ţԼմҶЦȻץסһҶЦȷϡ
ҶЦʱͷˣûܵؽƸԼ֮ززֱӽԼ֮Ĵӡֱӵ
ԹԣҸɻҳȥ͸͸磬ʵ̫࡭εĳһ޳ܵĻһ̵ûӰӡ
Ӧû޵жʣһʱ䶼ˣðβŹЦá
λ쵼Ҳʵ߯ˣƢԸǡ̫ɶˣ̫ûˣ
߲ŸոܵҶЦһ۾Ϳǰ뺮ѩˣһϲǷͬСɣ㲻Լ۾
ѩҶЦһУӭȥ˵Ͷͱ޻١
棬Цſ˫ֵ֣˺ݺݵرһ޼䡣

˵ôʱûг֣ʵǰ׹ӽȥˣ
ҶЦ
ʲôȥˣǰƱֻǰ׳СӶǷˣһա
˵һ顣
ҶЦԭЦȴǾüͷ
˵׹Ƚ°ߣһ˽ܿռ֮У
ǵġ
׹ӽץܶɱȻĿģʵʱ̣ǵ֡
Ҳô롣
Ѿץһβ̵ʱˣ
ǵġ
ȴǰͻȻǷˡ
ǡ
ʲôĻû˵
ǡ
Ҳûκε
ûС
ôܷǳʮƽ͵ذǷˡ
ɣȻ˵ʲôĽѩ˵ʣмûƣ˭Ҳ֪˵֮ʡ
ȷЩ֡ҶЦ˼Σþò
վȥ
վű𶯡ҶЦ
һ
ȱ𶯣ҶЦһϿǰ֣


516 ׹ӵ
ҶЦñ˶˲ӡ
׳ץĿĲΪ˶ԸңѺôʱȴʼûжһӣ˵һֻ򲻵ѵʱŻҶá
֮Ǳ׳ΪɱﵵһС
һвش󣬶԰׹˵ͬҪһõУͬ׳ϲңֻѡؾ档
ȴ׷ŹơҲãվһмǿ֣㱸ҲǺõģȴԾɾŹˣΪΣΪĹ䣬ҳ飿ᣬҲ˶飬ͬģ飬׹ҲмӵУ
ôΨһĽ;ֻУ⼸﷢ĳЩ벻ı仯
ı仯ǡĸ𣡡
ҶЦĿƵĿͺѩϣκһ˿һλҲŹ
Ȱ϶ȫóϸһ¡ҶЦ˵
Щ֮ûвǵĶ
ҶЦ˵
ѩһͷˮ֪ҶЦȻô˵Ȼԭ򣬲Ǹɴ¾ȡ˳һϸ顣
ѩڣռ䴢װҲȫ򿪣жһ飻ȴʲô쳣ûз֡
һжԭû˿ı䡣
ˣұΪ׹ӽǷųĿǽҵ㣬Ϊý飬֪һЩ飬ȴȫѵˡҶЦԾȥΨԾɲ˵ϣ˱˴֮ҲǺܽŵĻ࿴ȥ
ǰΣҶЦĿͻȻѩϡ
ѩ类ˣҶ㿴ʲô
ҶЦãͷϡΣͦÿѽ
ǳʲôãɩòã
ѩȴһ㶣ͷʲôΣͷϷֻһ֧ӣҴӱХ칬Ψһ
ҶЦ΢ЦǾ͸ˣԼ
ɫѵ˻ôɩҸҶЦǽⷢӣ֪Ѿͷ˭֪˭С˼
ѩ˼ȴϾĳ˵ֵܴ֮ԽԼͷȥ𾪵ýףͷô
ѩ翴еľΣȻ֮⣬졣
֧ͨͨ죬Σµ˼š
ⲻģҶЦʵ
Ҿû˹ƷҼ϶ϲǣѩ϶˵
ѩΪθҲãԾǸŮӣŮӶƯ·εĵֿձ鲻ߣѩȻҲˡ
ˡҶЦ˹öΡǰ׹ҪǴҵ£
£ʵЩ׹Ӵ£ͷϣôĽʲô£
ҶЦһۣ˰׹ӵ˼ܣǰͺѩϡȲ˵Ǹûϰߣǿãû׼ֱӱǸŪˣ˵ˣϣʵ̫źۼܱ׹Ҫ֮˲һãһгɿա
֮ѡ񽫳ϢѩͷϣһȻŮΪ߳ľ£ע⣬񲻾ͱôһ棬ѡνĲãѡһѩƽƷⱾԷεһ㲼á
ѩ䵭ұ԰࣬ɫΣʹپѩ籾ҲǾԲ⣬
ʵϣҷεĹؼ
ԣǴҵĶ
ҶЦȡΣϸоȥĲ鿴е涨Ȼжڡ
Դ˱ʾ⣬ʹ׹Ҫʲôȴֺαظôأȴֺ˱ܼɣȻ˺һʱգһʱ䣬ȴѾµϢ˶䣬ֽ׶κ쳾죬ˣһ֮ﻹҪôصģֱͺҪʲôɿܵǿһ㣬⡭Ͳ⣬˵
׹ıһȻô㶨Ȼĵ
ҶЦһ߽ͣһϸоΣɫԵúǳء
ܹð׹ô£Ѿ˼ͳ£ʲôϢ
ԣ׹ں¼ɵʲôʲô
㣬ҶЦ˵ͬҪ
׳ȻҪôСؽϢͳôǱ߾ʲôĿֲ飬ҶЦ붼룬Ըȥ롣
ȴһǿԿ϶ģ
Ȼ׳ҶЦӱ˴ΪƽУǵʲô飬ҪĻȴǱ˴εһԡ
һ㣬ʵ飬Ĭģ
˵۾۰Ͱ͵ؿҶЦר־ؼΣ۾ҲգһµĽţȴҲ֪ôŪģöͻȻлͻأؾͷֳأ
ҶЦƵûмλãȻж档
һֻССֽš
ҶЦСֽźСĵȡֻд֡
ҶЦٶȷɿؿһֽݣüͷȴǼʱ
Ȼ󡭡һչϸϸĿһ飬Ψ©ϸڣظ֮ɫǼء
ҶЦظֽ㣬㲻ֽصݱȻͬСɣ
ôˣҶЦɫѿʶʵ
ˡҶЦһɫǡһ仰˵˵ɡ

ҶЦ˽կ֮У˵ԴҶǰ˵Ҫ뾡ٸϹ
꿴ҶЦ˼ѿ˼ɫӦŵһ˿ԥɣԷȥ
ʱŸո뿪ûһҶ쳾˾ֻص
Ҷһ˾һӵˮ
ԼǰŴ뿪ҶЦȻֽԼ˻
ʲôܸϵüȣ𣿣
һ˲һҶЦ֮¾㶼һΪҶЦɫǰδеأسǵĵ΢ЦѲȡ֮ȴεĻȻ
ʲô£Ȼȵʧ̬ˣ
ҶЦԽңӰ׹Ǳߵõ鱨Ѹ˵һ飬Ҷ쳾ɫʱѿ
ߵħ٣
̬Ȼˣ
ͻ״ݱ䵽һ켣ȥٲԣƹ쳾Ƿأɽңȥ˷ƽٷǹһһһһ֣֮˺ƽ٣Ҷ쳾
ʱ
ҶЦ֮С
Ȼλ۱ĺŵùҶ쳾ֻյص¶ܸɵĳ˽ĵ

б䡣аطɷˣռħˣڣħѾһħͷ۵ˣΪ£ои߲㣬ħͷɣħ죬Կ⣬һ֮١
ǰ׹ӵԵĵһΡ
ȻݣĪ
ֻ˵ħħͷƾһ֮˱߲ȫԱսѾţԵ޵УȻ֮٣
ħͷԵʻңʾҪҺź
׹ӽԼħ׵һϵеϸ˵һ飬ָҪ֮£ڶ룻Ȼ֮˷ҡ£ֻʣ˫ԡ˵ǿ֮ˡȻȴΪβֱȥҾҾٿʡ鷳ˣ޼Ϊ϶Ȼܹħͷɻ¡
ʹβԸϣڶԸħͷϣ಻þܽȥ֮١
ħͷײнթΪҪһнΪȣܼ֮飬һУ󻼡й©Ӵӡ
׹ӵţ˶ֹ
Ȼ˵ȴͬʱѹһĴʯͷѹ˴
˭Ҳ벻۾Ȼ˷˼ķʽ𣬸벻һռȻΪħͷ쳾죬Ȼ˵ն֮С
ҶЦһ
Ƕ԰׹Ϊλ˽СģµزطʽϢݳ׵ˡ
۵ķʽ׳ԾҪķա
һħͷ֪׳ԻᱻڵһʱɣԲκεĽһ
⡭ôĿֱⷢɫࡣ
׳ǱߴݳϢȻм٣ʵһϦѼ֤˴µȷԣʣҶ컹оһҹ֮串죬ﱱȫ߲𣿣ҶЦ϶˵ɣֽ׶ΰ׳жκεһһֻ¶ħͷļ֮УȻ׳˵ħͷ伫Ҳŵ˫ƽȣһѹһ˵ʵΣλ֪˫ڣħͷȻܼذ׳
˵ʱֻܿо跨ֲһУħͷҶЦ϶ĵͷ£Ӣ˭ƣõħͷ֮ħͷһоơ
Ҷ쳾΢Ц˵ҶЦоο
ҶҺˣ
ҶЦϻǲϣҶҶǺˡ


517 
׳ᵽħͷɻĶʲô̳ҶЦ׷
ʵڳΪҪ֪⣬ϾܹһϦ߲ħͷʵʵ̫ˣħͷΪ֣˭ҲҪ֮߷֣֣֮θ᷸ʹ֪˼˽ܵף˼ȴҲ˲ˣ
ҶЦ죺ڴһ治֪ѵħͷҵʢգ˵ǿʱ𣿡
һ˼Ż״
ⲻ֪ҶЦ˼ҲпԼ֪ԼĵĲףʲôħͷԼʲôءߣǰ׳أ
أԼϵĵ٣޾ռ䡢ߺ쳾١ǳˮܲһһ԰ɣ
ȵȣ׳ᵽ̨£Ǵ¼Ĺؼֻعħ硢ж
ôεĹؼ᲻ǡ
ҶЦüͷһʱ岻ԹԵĳ˿ռ䣬һ˼
۵˿˼ӣʶûҴ뿪
ҶЦ߳ң㶯˿ռ䡣

ҶЦ֪壿
ɻĿҶЦ
ҶЦ̾˿Խ׳˵˳Ȼ󣬾Ϳ۾ͻȻ۹һ
˸
˵ħͷǲǾڿȥĺ
ǵİɣ
ǿǺܺóԵĶأ
ʵǺҪģζ̫ˣûסȥתһȦͲſۣǺʧˡûˣ֪ȥǲ֪⼸ʣʧˣ˵զȥأҪǺֿԴһôզá
ҶЦĿһĳ߶߶ȫȻֱؼ˵⣬㲻ܿƣܳԣЦ𣿡
Ȳĵͷ
˵Լ̫ϲˣ̫˷ˣæĳȴΪ˴˾̫ԶǺˣѾߵĶƵòҪҪġ
ʱԼΪͻƣȻͻͽһǧҶЦͻأҲ֮ͻƣȻΪԼṩ˼ռ䣬ȴҲ൱һʱԼͻλ׵ĿˣͬǽԼһεƿ
ǲͻһأԼΪֻ¾Ҫʹֹͣڵĳ̶ȡ
ҲֻǳΪ쳾ǳζѡ
ڶ˵ֱɱʹ죡
ԵģǶҲ޷׵ĻͬᷴҶЦĿռ޷ᵼҶЦ񹦽˻־ԭֻҪһɵĽȣһҲδܹɡ
ǶҶЦǶڶ޷ܵ顣
ҶЦ޾ռ֮˴˴ٽ˴ֲ㣬ȻԵѾҶЦԻˣνˮֲƣ԰ޣ޾ռ䱾ǽ׷ҶЦͻأĽδ൱һʱҲʹս죬֮ڣǶվԼԼԲռľ
Ȼȴ֣Լλߣ쳾ԪӵеѾֶ֧ˣ
仰˵Ҳ߶Ԫ˶޷ٽһҶЦŴռ֮еռҲԶ޷Բ
һĶòҪҪãȫȻ֪ôŪá
ϸž͵һ޴ڱȻʲôʲôˡ
鼴ʱɳתϲ˷ܵģҸģͬǲҪҪġ
ۼˣҶЦʱ
Ȼа취Ӧħͷôһж⡣
Ͼӡ֡״̬Ķʼʤǿĵ䷶鷢
ҶЦ֮ʣХէȻ
ƺǿ֮ڽ֡
ҶЦתæ뿪޾ռ䣬ȴҶ쳾ѾԺͷӶս״
һӰΪƶٶʵ̫죬˼Ѿһ磬ڿ裬ǵ¹֮˾ǵǿߣֻܿһӰӣһǼģõӰӡ
ȻӰȴƺһԵø翵Ӱӣ׷ǰһӰӡ
֮áƺݣȴΪһӰӵƶٶȸӵĿ죬áѾ೬һǿߵ֪ޣ˵ĸٶȣ˵Ŀֲ
ۼǰһӰԽԽ԰һӰӵľӰӴһ˲䣬ͻȻ캮ضıѩ٣϶
üͷſУɵ˵⡭ƹ񹦵࡭
ҶЦһݣȷ
Ȼܹȷü΢Ȼŵ񹦣ȴֺ޾ǿߣ˾֮Ҳǲǰſԣ޾֮£
˵ŻǺӰͻȻһХҶЦܣ
ҶЦһ𣺡˳
˳
׷ĺɫӰ˭
һȴǶ۾˷ܵĳ˳ȥ˵˳ǹӰƶ켣˵Ұ֮أĳƶٶȲĿֲ
һ˳ѻһƶ켣İӰ缢ǧɫӣ˸ʵһ̹⡣
Ŷĳ֣էһԭǿ׷˳ǵڿն޾߿նߣ߹иѸٻϸСŶݣȻ¼ĳĳΨܵòʩ׳ʿȫ֮С
ƶٶȹȻǺӰ֮ϣƴ׷ϣǷֻ׷һæȥ漴һֱӻعռ䡣
УӰ˸һ£˳࣬㺹
һ˲㲻ȣһֱ֮࣬ɫ԰׵ڵأųһʱȴ·ûˡ
ֻһ˲ȴѻһ̯ˮ
ҶЦæǰȥ⡭ô£
˳ٵĴϢ̧ͷ˿ҶЦȻѾЩɢȷҶЦԼǰصһһʹ˹ȥ
֮ǰںӰѾ͸֧˻µеϵһʱȫ־֧ţ˼ʼҶЦһ֮£ȻҲֲ֧סԶ״̬
ҶЦ֪״һæ˽ȥ
Ҷ쳾۵ȴһء
ҶǿߣȻܹóòŮӵĹȻɲףأ˵мѭǱһ·ӣȻһ·ȴʵʵȫͷ
ҾȻϲţΨһֻ֪ǵ֮У̺ǰδаֲ
һȫӲļа
ǵǰ׳˵ġħͷˡҶ쳾̾˿ƶٶȣίʵǡ޿ƥС
˾ĿãҶЦ˳ٶȣѾﵽ˴ٶȼ£
ʣȣеһзȫΪһ壬ܹļٶȣ
͸ղ˳ӰսʱٶȣҶ쳾۵ҲͲ˶ѡ
ǵֱ߾٣Ҷ쳾ţٶȣʹʤҲ¡
ֱһս֮УʱάתŲĸٶȣȴɱͷҲģ
ŮӶ˵Ĳͬ졭ЩĽ죺ʾҼҹŮҲǲضá¼еĺŮӶҶЦСӣ
Ҷ쳾б۾㲻˵ҲˣҹŮأԼõģҪ޸ҶҺ˵ġ
첱Ӵ֣㲻Ҫ˵ĸԼŶ
˵ȵ۾
˾ȻԼ
겻Ǿʹһô
֮ǰ֮òƶûٽأô׼أ
ˡղŴҶЦǱ߳ȥħͷǵӰʲôţôһӰɣۺܴתƻ⣬תһ޷ܾĻ⡣
Сʲô治֪Ҷ쳾ԴҲһͷˮ
ʲôĴڣȻֲܹĶħҲ֮ӣ
Ҷˣ˭ܿó˳ܹħͷߣѾȫѾȥĵزҲֻҪһ˲䣬Ҫħͷóˡ
Ҷ쳾ʣ滻Լ˵ĻٶȡȻܣҲδܳŵñǹã
ħͷʵ˵áѹֱǱߵи߲һϦ⣬һҸһͻĿֲħͷܹⱻ۴˸ɡ
һ˵֣һ۶̲סëȻ䡣
ָо۶Լ˴ǰһĿģҶЦԼŮ顣
ҶЦչ˳һŵιȥֽȪˮҲȥһ롣
˳ȻԾɻԲѣɫȴѺÿࡣ
ҶЦҽͷȻ棬۲ʵβڲ״Ȼ̶ȴҽ߼壬Ȼ˳ֻΪԪ̫еȪˮ޺󻼣Ƿڴ¡
˵˼ҶЦ𺳵飬˳ͻȻ˳ڵΪ̶ȣ


518 
ڵ˳нס
ɼԼ֮µļ
ƾ˳ƺûпȲΣΪһ粨ȱÿλ׽׶Ҫͬȼġ٣ȻҲ񹦣Ϊ޷٣Էݱսѩ磬ʧ䣬䵽ĳ˴ϵһʣ
ΪҶЦ֮˹;裡
˳Ǿûġ
ֻӦ˵ǣ֮񹦵߻Ҫܹٵţ
Ȼˣ˳ƾ񹦣㽫ٶĵرߣҲ϶ϴﲻڵĵزŶԡ
ڵʵȴ˳Ϊ쵽޷⡢޷ŵĸ߶ȡ
ҶЦ˳Щ⡣
һ˲ҶЦ˳翴յľӦΪΧ˵˳϶ԼԶմҲĳ̶ȣֻ˵˼ҵȣòҪԼ죡
뵱ûԼӦıѩ쾳ӦΪֻҲԶԶֹǰĲΰɣ
žžžĴ򱾾ģ޾ռ䣬кųصһ񹦵񹦣ĵرNNĻԵػҪһһεı˳Ů˳⡭ôˣ
˳һ۾ͿغڴߵҶЦ漴Ŀһ£ű㼴ɵЦЦл㣬ء
ҶЦ΢ЦⱾӦ֮ġ
˳˵Ĳýôµĵ
ҶЦһЦԼˣػ˵Ҳ֪Ҵηκε˵ġһܹκεˣ㲻˭
˳ͷεĵ
˳ָһЩҶЦʵǺôģ
ǡ˳һ죬ǡʱ䡭ڷƸ¥Ǳй䡭Ҳ֪أ־ǲСˡ
˵üڣҶЦһ˸ԭίһж
˳Լ⣬ҶЦһֱ֪˳ȻʼնûжԼ˵ʲôȴһֱڰйעԼ
ڰУԼ֪ʱ˳Ѿ֪ΪԼ˶顭
Լ׹˫۶ţ֪˳˵ݣصй䣬䵽˼פذߣǵ˰׹Ǳ̽鱨ֻ߸ɴǣŻɱ߲㡭
˳ڵֻ֣Ҫǲȥƶ֮֮Ͱ׹Ķͨĸ߼죬ܶʲôˣȷһ֣ȫˣ˵Ӱȥ١
ȻһΣ˳Ȼһ׹Ǳ߳ħͷڣһʱͷ˳Ĵڡ
Բ˽顣
ħͷԣ˳˼Ĺ֮ҲΪ׹Ӽһλǿʵʵ˽㣡
ֻϧ˳ʵʵԶܶԤƣһ·ݵҶЦߣڶǿƳ£ʧһԪ͵˷۱
ԭίȴ˳Ҳˣ
ֵ˵һлˣҶЦĬһ£˵
˳һ죬¸ҵĿҶЦ
ҶЦǰʱ䣬ǡĶɱ¼Ҳǳµְɣ
˳ߵͷʵҾǿ۸ˣ治Ϊ˭
;ӦЦСѾͷھȻӲⲻ֪һ飬һ˵⡣
ħͷȷ¡ҿ񹦵ľÿȥ޿ɱܵĹؼʱ̣Ǳܽһ˲롭ˣֻʱˣ
˳˵Ạ̴̊́档
񹦾ǿЧܣѵħη庮֮У
˳ǹﲢͨĶз֮ǰҲǱΣ֮ʣǿʩҼ֮Уҵֶѣҡ֪ǵ֮Уʵһ޴ܡ
ϡĸ֣̲סһ죬ʲôܣ
˳ʵҲǵ˺쳾죬һλصǰ֮󣬲֪ܡ
˶ֵ˱ǿȴһ⣬ƪȱ˵˾ٷ˹ߣȻйΨвͬ׶εĳԻ⣬Ҷ֮ʱԵڡ
һѵ˵ղᵽǰȻӵɣ
˵ͻȻһҡ


519 
˳ҡҡͷǵǣλǰֻǸңνʵֻҪķܻ⹦٣ܽתΪԪʵ˳ķĹٸһԪ̣ķչ鼺УΪǿ壬ó٣Ǳ޲ɼ
ɫһ࣬²˳˵ѵãĵ٣һ⹦٣زبԽҲƹȻ״Լ֮Կӹ٣ҶЦΪУȷͬĻ٣Ϊ棬;ͬ飡
ȴ˳ֵзŷƪͨƪǴ񹦵Ӧ֮УΨнںϣ񹦣һɣֱƵ֮
Ŀࣺд˵λǰ˭
˳˵ֽѩȻҲǼʱҵΪȥһƿȻŻȥ˹٣ȴʹԭ̤дεزȻλǰͻȻˡ
һ
˳λǰָбһߵ󣬺쳾ΪɵѾͷѾĻֻٷһбˮɣ
쿪ʼɻƪʼͷ񹦣λǰʵûָҸţһº㼴ƮȻȥȻһµʱᵽν˳ޱȣһһоȻȻˮɵ˳
λǰ֮ǰ˵Źֻи̫Ԫһ֧Ϸáȴû뵽Ľ֮쳾ȰɲΡ
˳˵ϣ֮һָоǸλĴУƺͦ򵥵ģǱ񹦣Ҷϼķޱȣ
˼Ź飬˼һδκλӦ
һߵľӦһһţ𽥵˳ܹħͷƺ⡢ͣ͵ɡ
˳ڵΪһüʩչɼµıЧּµı״̬ȴܹħͷħÿһʹãܻɲǵĶֻͣͣ˵һ˲Ľֱ
ֹУһ˲ͣͱԸдʤ˳ܹɶԷһ˲Ľֱ֮⣬κΪֻܽյƴѡ
һ׷һΡ
ֵ֧ҶЦߣΪ̡
ϾǵˣҶЦ٣ѣ

ԭˣĹԾļ
ҶЦţǸħͷȻڰ׹ǱǱţ
˳ͷ
ҶЦתϸŵؽħͷ˳˵һ飬˳壬գȴԼ֮ǰħͷ֮ԼղŵһӦʧ󣬱ٲ³β֣һҰֽȴŵýˣ
ĵļ˵ħͷĿǣܹһ޷ѵľ棬Ǳɽ֮һɱһݡҶЦ͸¶ϲ֮⡣
˳ɫҡҡͷҲԸΪħʵڡеջΣҪȫûգħͷһ˲֮Ǿء
ҶЦһ࣬ŵͷҼ̫쿪ȷʵҪӳ顣ͳĶ񹦣ܲܰճ·ޣҲܴﵽԶʱħͷˮ׼ֻһɲǣħʤҲ
˵ͷȴҡҡͷβŵ죬ת޲⣬֮ǰ;ۻĹٶϼԪ⣬Ȼߵȴ·ӣ֮ҵĹתΪ֮ʹ;ͬ飬ȴѾԶľ֮ô⣬ıķߵǼ֮ǽ񹦵֮߿°빦ã
ҶЦһ㶣Ȼ˼˵ǣⷽ棬ܹӵĳ̶Ⱥޣ
ҡҡͷԷв죬ɷΪ;ߵ·ӱǾĺ䣬͵ǰԣܶħͷֱӰһ;·Ǽ٣ֱӹΪܷУԣΪȻתΪ֮ɱȴҪѷɫڳ㣬ȴ޶ȵĸǣ书зܣӦ˵κߣܹѸٲ䣬ڹԪ˷ѣ
ҶЦϲɫ˵ֻҪ㡢Ļܹ覵ܣ


520 ı
ŵҪһʵ֤ȷһȷҲǳ㣬ѩ硢˪ǵĻ嶼Ǵ֮ҿķ룡
ҶЦϲĲ棬ǾͲǶħͷ޲ˣ㼴ֽСģ㲻ҪٲˣȫҾͺá

ڶԸħͷĲԣѾ˸黹ҪһĿȷ͡
ҶЦң˵һ顣
ǲħͷҲûа취ġ
ڰΪֻ󡣡
ʲô취ĸԸı¶֮ߡһʲôʧ󣬰׹Ǳ߾ˡ
ҶЦüͷϼһǶϼ޻취Ѱɣ
Ҷ쳾˷׷ŭĿ򣬵ҶЦЩҪֱһһ١ʲôǶϼ޻
Ǻϼ޻
Ҳ鲻ԽĶüͷʼ취
ò˵Ϻ˵һƲߣӵ˽壬ǲʲô
硭ӣһ巽ۻˣһ񷶥ὣҶ쳾Ȼǲ̼̼࣬Ϳ̿Ծٰһε巽ˣ񷶥ὣķʽ֮λ
ۣÿһأ˳ս಻öڶʮԹս߲ʤӮ¹
Ҷ쳾г񣬵ҶЦȻң׳ҲѾ˳ıۣ֮ڶ졢վɡ
巽μһʢᡣ
巽ˣ񷶥ὣ

ǸħͷҪĲ𣿼ȻˣǾ
ƣҶЦĿһ
ۺһ˵أҶռң׼ռң졭ô˵Ҳѹ֮ƣ
Ҷ쳾ҿѾ˼ô֪˴񷶥ὣĸĿħͷȴȫɧܼܲˣˣһ˵˭ϡȥ졭ȫŶ
󣬽ŭĿӡ
ϻ쵰治˵ʲôȫУȫߡ
۹ЦʵҲͦá˭˭ӮۣҶˡ˭Ӯˣ˭ȥˡ
Ҷ쳾ü㵱ҸղŵĻڷƨôΨһĿģǶԸħͷƽ٣˭֮˵Ҫ䵽һ֮󣬿˭ȭͷӲŵö
ҶЦ˴α쳾Ĺ٣ڴڼ˼ȨͶȡ֮˳䣬οı
ۡޡһ㵱Զţʶ壬Ȩλ֮ôֻã˳ħͷʹ˽¾ʹ˶Ǹã
Ҷ쳾һ㶣ʱźӳ
ѵҶ쳾㲻ãľʵǺ쳾һһһʢ𣿡ʵ
Ҷ쳾û˵
Ҫɴӵˡ²ʵʲô֮λ֮Ҳʼļ껹պϣԳ桢нֹòúܣ̫ãʲôᣬոһյĵ£Ҳܽ㷳ĵöܱɱˡ
ϼһһ϶ɾֻԼһ϶иãôĶӶ֪Ѿ˼ٴˣǿƾٱĻţƨǸλӣõĿųȥԼ
ӣܶôŬǴһʼǾġ
ΪǲǲˣҲǸλãЩ棡
Ͷʼ𣿷µһȵĲ£
ͬΪЩλڶ˵ϲģһȺ۲ʱ򣬱ȻҶЦ˵ûλÿҪ辶ٱֻѡա
սһӣж¹أ
巽ˣ񷶥ὣ
ʤߣɵ£
ⲻ壬ҲĶ£
һٲôüںüڵ˰ɣƽĽɱֻ޽һƲʾɢ
Ҷ쳾ôֱĳҸҾֻһ䣬㵱ν֮ʱ棬㽫ȫˣĻȥǸʲôʲ۲𣿡۹Цб۾Ҷ쳾
Ҷ쳾ʱһЦ˵ûû˵ԼĿϡ
Լʤˣķ۾ܣѵԼȥʲô
ζܿǵ顣


521 Ů
һҲǴҶѡһȥСȥҶӮ˵һֱˡ
Ҷ쳾ת֮䣬ͻȻоԼղһΪ˿ǸʲôħͷƲߣȻһ塭˵ʵУ츣Ž񰡡
ʵֺֹҶ쳾һˣٷڴ˵λ޲Ϊ֮ǰһ
Ȼħ֮ȻҪӾϸƲſԡϷ죬ôҲܾôƽˣ쳾ۣ֮ףҲôþλģ
°˵͵ǰ״ҵĳԻкܴʵֵģ
Ҷ쳾ʵԣʲôԣ
ۺٺһЦλ˵ᷳʵ⽫λˣҲȡ״̬ĪھиŮȻҽ͸ŮŮļױһҿңҲˣԭΪ뷨ʵ̫룬ڿȴлᣡ
Ҷ쳾ԹһЦôҿԸʵ֣ŮŮ˭
ǹһЦϼһ֣۵Ըգ㼸ᵽĻԼ֮˵֮ûз񶨣ǾԼǺܿ׵ģ
˵գѵĿʱҶЦ
ҶЦȴһ۾˵۱ԣ¸ҶûоԼҲãҲҶ֮£Ҷĳ˺ιأ۱£㡭ɲҪ˵
ۺһб۾˵ҶС˵ʲôȲ˵СҶҶ֮££˵ҹŮټãѵ浱ȫȻ֪𣡣Ѿͷסһˣ㻹޸ȥҿɸ˵ҪǸ˵֮ԣŲСӵģ
ҶЦһʱĿࡢſڽࡢƿԣû³һ֣
֮ǰһֱĹ˱£ͺ乫ݡ
˵ˡûŮôҵء
ۼĴܣֻɫ
ҶҲãҲãǿ𣿣
۾
Աߵ˳۾Թ
Ӧб۾ƵһĶ
ΨԾɱ΢Цһɴݡ
ҹ쿴ӶĴܲ
˪ºŮӵĿ
ߵŮԽԽأ׶Ǹͷ
۱£ôô飬ίʵûҶЦΣڻǾʵ˵ڹʵڲñȽͽ˵
۴ҶЦı֮˵ʱȻŭҶСӣǿͣҼҹŮڣȻ벻ˣҶЦû뵽ȻֳԸĨһĨߵ
ҶЦһͷߣͰͱ⣺⡭˵𰡡ʵǡίʵĪе鰡
ҶЦƽŲǵ˵ûֵķɣòȷʵھؽ֮ڣ˿̱˼ϵץҪ治ǿ磬Ҳûǿݣ
۵۾÷˵С˵ʲôûãȶʵѳɣֻƽϷΪٰѸ¡
۶һֵ֪С͵أҹŮƯͬһ㡭ںѾôŮˣ˵𽵹ƫ㻹ҪǣǣŲӴӳ㡭
Ҷ쳾ҶЦ߼ŮӣԲʲô⡭ٶҸϱô˵ˣ㶼ѾôˣʭӶ˲ǲô˵
ʭӶ˲
˳Ӧҹ£˪º˾һɱ˵Ŀⶢĳˡ
ô˵
ֻҶ쳾Լ˵СҲûоٰ£ξ͸ɴͳͳȢˣңж۷򸾣СôӢۺúһΪⳡͻǶôõ飬ôĸߴϣ˵ǧһǰ޹˺ߣ¾ôˣҶ˵㣬ԡɡ񶨣ͳͳЧ
һӦŮҶ쳾ĿȻתΪ⣬ͻǸŮӲӵУٳɴµˣҲǸ˲ǣ
ҶЦٶĿࡢƿԡ
ôĽʲô£ҶôĻʲôû˵ءôͽôˣ
ҶҲҶûɣȻһһֱϣԴҶѪûɣҶ쳾ɴ¶ݣ£ĸ֮ý֮ԣ칫صߣȫԴҶңǱߣԴöࣻôذɡ벻ԼջǴˣڤڤж޿ת


522 ƣʵ
ɫһ䣺ӵŮҶЦ֮ҶЦѾѾ˱֪
Ҷ쳾Цô˵İأŮײǼ޸ҵĶӣǼ޸Ҳ֪ٴӡԺңǵҪеģҲڵģֻҪиүүͺá
۲Ȼŭүүͷ
Ҷ쳾ԾԼռ۵ıˣֲ֧˿Ϊ裬תͷ۾ҶЦ˵⼸ûεģݲؽģʱһ˰ɡʣµίͻĵĴͲˣ
ҶЦĿɿڴضҶ쳾һολʮϼһȻҲ˶ȵһ档
ܸܲѪɵһˣ
ܼܲˣˣ
šȻѾҪٴ죬ǼûкʵģƯģģͻݵģ󷽵ġҶ쳾תͷ߶Ҳѡ͹ˡƣǵļ壬Ҳմ⡣
ҶЦڱˡ
ôĽʲô£
ôǿӲŵġ
ӵʲôˣ潻׹ߣ֡ʲôˣ
ЧҶ쳾߶ͬʱ۷ǿߣͬͳһߵĵѹҶЦСۣ˶ֲ֧
ڶǿҶ쳾ڸܵӦŮתŨŨ֪ԼùˣеûѡϾӦ˳Ůɱİأ˺ƤʹǿҶ쳾ҲҪ֣˿С֮
´־ôƵķʽǻƵľ
˴ػּ쳾ƽ٣˵¥֮£ױöȫ׵ͻݱΪҿǰۣξٰ巽񷶥ὣķʽײߣÿ˶˵˸߲ңĭ׷ɡ
ȻҲ֪һȫΪ˿˶˺УΪ۷֮ս㣬¹ȨԵڡ
ιȵľٶҲΪ˺¹ϵ¼Ԫ㣡
ֻҪ仹ˣͻн
нͻ
ͻȨλ
ȨλͻҰġ
Ұģͻս
սͻߡ
ߣͻ䡣
䣬ôȻȻͻ巽ˣ񷶥ὣ
˭µһһȡ
˭֮һᡣ

ϡ
۰פأһλķÿ͡
߶֮һƣ档
һ֮ɽ𶥣巽ˣ񷶥ὣ۶µһ֤¹
۰ʱȦ
һɶ˼˭ˣ
ڶǡǸôɽииëãٵøôȥ
µĺ
ɽֻδЦúء
󶺱ǰôûôЦأ۰ֱˣ
ò˵ƵԵǺܳڣ֮Ҷ⽻Ǹλйأ۰쾹Ҳˣ
άϵأЦЦˣνɽȷʵδڽһµʱǿߣͬЭ޽֮Сڵս֮ϣһɽ塣
Ǿɽ
ۺ˾ǧŰپʮλϵĸ߽ߣԪΪʯɽڶԪΪһɽٲƻ
ҪٻɽҪӵǧŰپʮλߺܣһ㷢γ˲ƻп
ɽبŲԶڣ
巽ˣ񷶥ὣĴ˵ҲԶڣ
˵꣬΢Цﳤȥ
ֻһ仰˾ƹضԸǧ𾳽ֲɽ죬Ǿͳ֣ʢ£춨֮ǲԸҲǿֲ㣡
߸ߣ۾;ӣˤ˲豭
ôģһıô飬Ȼң
۷߷ȻҲͰˣȻ˾֪ͨʲôˣ
λҲǺܲ⣺Ҷ쳾ԯҶЦСӣҲʵ̫ˣ
漴ʵȥȥֳ
ȥôȥҪȥֳ㣬Ҫ֣Զƣ۷𣬳ζһµһǿҪȫҽ£ӮˣһһĶȥĿ˵ļһ࣬Ѿı˵ֻǸҰĳ˼¶ѣ۹
ǰһ̻ŭ˿뵽⴦Ȼ̲סЦ
λһߣ̲סһۡ
ôˣʵûиףôһȣһ֮λġ


523 ׹ӵݼ
Ƹ¥
׹ǰһ̣˼侲ӡ
ģܶ
λĿֲħͷ
λȻ壬պгúܡ
һߵͲ֪үλܶһ仰ûнռ˷Ƹ¥λڸǺˣʲôҲһ¡
λ֣ܶǡ
˵˼Ҷ쳾ҶôԵôţôĸߴأ
ǡܶĴţôôоŤÿһүһº͵ĿǽСܶʱŮ̲סһҪЦĳ嶯
ֱ۵ĸоǹүϷˣλ
۴ӹүϡУԼܶı鷴ӦƺɶҲȫ˵ӣܶӽܶʱ򣬻ĿŮĵ벻ףÿÿƺôȵ֣ʲôɵأ
˿̡
ܶ׹һöӣһȥӱضϵˣȴֻҪһӣͨʹ˳̻һ֣ʤ֮֮ˡ
ܶأΣüͷ˼ע̣βͷһӣضϾǡ
׳ǡԣ
ܶӣһһȴǵǽһһ֮£
׳һӿ۹أȴǽܶĴƬȫ渲

侹ĳ¨ӣͶѰ·
ڴ˵زǻˣ΢һЩյģ̵ʱӦˡ
ʹǱȽϲҪһЩģֵ֧°ֵʱôҲӦˡ
Ҫ֣ڹӵʱҲӦͶˡ
λ̵ܶʱѾƶȥҪڿ˼˼ȥ°̵ʱȴƫҪ֧ţ׶ΣԼӶѾ˳һƬĿհף˵ȫˣóͷβˡ
ɾʱλܶȻֿʼڱĿհ״ӡ
ǽֹڴˣֻ˵λܶƤ̫񣬿ղĪһԶҲĽ٣ڲϵĴӣȻԼеһƬҲˡԼһۣ
ΧѧߣҲ֪Ϊһӱ
ڡ
Ŀǰӣһöӵ֮ҲûˣλҲǺĿܶһ̾ĵˣվһС
Ŀࡣ
϶ѾûκһöˣӵĿλûˣǶƤ˵óһС仰
һ
׹΢Цʤ˱ҳ¡ƣ£ʤ˹һʧǡѣſɳΪۣܷ֮˪ܳɲܶ˾ֲһвʧţ٣һ̡
λܶ²Ŀʼһ֡
һ˸߲̬֮ƵĽµıŰ֮á
ΪǿѾҹʲ񲻼öҲڣֻҪԸ⣬ȫֹȥ
ȴѾܲˡ
ͷʹѵϢȥˡ
ԣۿĶԾ֣һĥǿ̣
үôģ
֪治֪
⡭Ҳءλܶʵǡ¨һ
˼ҳ¨ˣν¨Ҳ֪ӮʤܣͣܶǰȫȻûü۸ߵͣӸ塭޵еĹһŸŵĺ塭ƫƫ˻ܹµô춯˸߲ңվܹȥĿһɫĵز̾Ϊֹη
ͬͬСҪٿ壬ֻ¾Ҫ߸ҶΧ֪ˡ
һأҸоھѾ߸Χ֪ˡ
߳࣬īߺڰ
īӦǽīߺڣ߳
ͬͬС
ǹӵΪҲͬ޷Ⱑ
ҵǲôΪҷоһ̴壬ܴܴ֣
ôôûоأϸ˵˵
ʱͻȻ
ӣҶǰ˵Ҫӡ
һ˭
߶֮һĹɽңǲơ
Եȣȥӣ빫Ӷᡣ

׳üɽңˣʲô
ʵʵĵҲ֪ⲻơ
׳һ£
һߵܶҪҪرһ£
׳Ϊۣҷĵڶǡ֣ʲô飬Ҳ԰⣻һ׵ʧ
ܶοĵͷ
İ׳пܱԼʲô飬֮ͼıʼչغδı뷨ʼճļ䣬ڰ׳ȻԸԼ£Ǳ䲢ģʲô
ңͰ׳̹ϵ̬ȣܶиӷ˲١
׳Ұĺܴ󣬺Ҫ֮֮λϵʧ֮дΪֻصĸҸˡ
ôһ룬ܶʱӵ
ʱɽң˼䡣
׹ӣ̶ʱղΪ־࣬ϲɺءɽң
׳΢Цʵ̫׳һЩȴȶǿУȴ֪һǰʲô԰ĳͽô
ɽңͽ̲ңȴһ²Ĵ£ĳǷ빫顣
׳Ȥ˵Ŷ²үӡ仰˵ðĳЩˣηϸ˵˵ðĳ
ɽңһЦôһ¡
һ£ƺôǣƬ̺ŵʱҼҶ֮սֻΪ裬ȴͿ̿٣ίʵв̡һ˼֮£ҵҶԯ£ж۱£Բߡ
׹ü˵̼Ϳ̿٣
ܶһ¡
ܶǱҲһĲ죬漴ָ׳һ˼ǣ˵ȥ
׹΢ɲĵͷҶˣػ²Ϊұģȴ֪ʲôĳڴϴ
ɽңЦЦڸͷ֮¡
׹ͻȻؿʵͷ飿Ϊʲôûнңѵνĸͷĳڣֻ˵ͷδĳһ֮ڣ
仰ÿνͻͻ
еĲ֮⣬ǵǣȫΡ
ɽңʱЩѵ㡭Ϸʵڲ֪ǹ붫۱¡ǡȿȣǡ۱Ѿͬ⡭Ҳ͡Ҳ͡ûС
׳ŭ棬ŭ¼ֱǻ˽ϵʲôȹغ´˭飬˵Ǹͷ飬ȴֶ԰ĳƸ¥֮޶ãѵĳڸλϴУ㲻һ֮д˹ʶô˵Ⱦ飬ĳҲգϴذɣ
նȻһȫȻûлתصĿ
ɽңʱЩɵۡ
⡭籾е߼òƲôѽ
ôͻȻòأ
¶ҪôУ
ԹɽңȣãȻ޴룬±ǰ׳ݴľ籾ԼĵԤ֮вǣø߶ϣʲôܲĳϷˣ
һʱ䲻άȣŵǸ
ܶǺһЦ԰갡η˵Ǳʲô飬Ҳȷǡ̫ǷһɣҼҹڿһϦ֮串ƣޣ˵¼ǰİ֮һ飬ȴΨǹ©ˡ飬ʵ̫Ӧˡ
ܶоԼʱ䣡
˵ҲҶ쳾ҶЦŪǸʲô߱ʾ棬Ȼ͸Ͻ硣
׳ܶҪԣĿ֮˵̫ɽңˣҪˣʵ̫ˣҰ׳֮ͽ˲Ұ׳Ǽ֣۳սҲãȫΧҲգҰĳ˽±ǡ
ܶЦЪ֮ŭǵ
ܶȴǵû뵽ԼڴԲȻͷһٴƨϲЩڨڨġĵСһƢҲ󡭡հ׳СܶԼ粽ãԼ´ģڲɳӵĺݽɫд˱֣Ϊ桢Ϊ֣
׳ȴǽ¿ȻҲգҿܶϣŪʲô
ɽңһϵĹ֣лˣȴ֪ηʿԵĳȻıһ
ܶõİڰ֣ÿÿ
ôӣܶϺܹʡ
ǡȿȡ֮£ܾ£֮£±ΪȺս˲ƣͿ̿飬Ըۺٰһ֮ľսԴ۶˭
ɽңһţ˵ֱһ㣬ǰ׹һԱսҶһߣսҶЦҶһսۣԻԱݲս
һ»巽档
սľǣÿһأ˲սвʮϯλĹսսԱǰҲãʱҲգ˼ֻ֮ˣ巽۱ڣս񷶥ὣ
ɽңʤߣǴ𣬺쳾
׳Ǳ߻ڳ֮ܶȴĿʱһ
⡭񲻾Ҫô
̫ˣ۹


524 ܶ
ڴսǴ۷ս۶ڿս֮ǰ巽ýԭڱһˣ֮һ֮
ˡˡɽңɫ֣أ֮˵֮Ĺ˭ܹʤ֮˭£Ҳ˭дҲˡ
λսҶ˹ͬΪ巽ˣ񷶥ὣ
ɽңһϢȫ˵˳ϾղŵķΧʵ̫ˣ֪ǰ׹ݼΪɽңȴǲپһΣ
׳ڼ˼һߵܶȴѾ˷ܵûϲɫüɫ衣
治֪ǲԼ类̫ˣһ̩һɴǿԼһȺμ۷ֵȫܹ꣬ԼԸĿھѺЭ֮Ŀľ͸Լ˹ʶͬˣȻȺ½
˯ʱͷϵڱĺº𣿣
ֻҪ巽֮еʤǾֱӽ쳾㵽֣
ˡˡɵ֮׾ǴԲ滨٣
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ܶԤ⣬ڵ̬ôȥֻиʮ꣬һ֮սҲǴ꣬˵̫̫ı
һ֮ս񷶥ὣȴǽȫһսˣԼڰ׳ѹ󣬰׳ôܻ䣿
ܶȸԾ״Ҫ׳Ӧˡ
׳ٳƬ̣ſ˵ö֮£ȹûʵĻȥŪСӰɣǶǵٴ֮ˣǵһսʤͽĵ׻ŵ̨ϣνЭ龹Ȼ֪ͨ˶оΪһ׾ͷ巽˾ۺϣȻɵôȱһòȱȫǾͲ룬
ɽңһû׹ӣ״ӣ۲ôúòãСô˵ôӣ㲻սͱһЦ˺ôѵһܰ滰˵
ȹɽңĻܶͲһҪ˹ȥǿư׹ӸϽӦ
ɽңЦһȴǰ׹Ӷˣν֮µ˵ЩûʣҲǳģսս¿ճ־ãΪֹѾֹֿݣǵ泤õĴȥջʤ߻Ҳֻһ̯ӣαأ
׹ȻһǾ¶ԾνʧνˡνͿ̿ϴĩڣ׾д뷨ҵҪٺˣ
ôһ˵ܶʱҲƣȷʵôôõأ᲻ʲôԾأһıƣأҲԥ
ɽңԿЦһӴȴ̫ˡ巽۵ݣ쳾λˡôְԸһ⡭ܲô˾ΪԼҪƤ˰ɡ
ɽңһ仰˵ˣһǴʵΪĿľͲǰ׳˵
ܶȴüɫ衣
⻰˵Ĳ
Ϊ֮˾ǴݵһϧëϧĲ˵ãôôǿߣΪһ׳ͶҪƤˣ
飬κһ룬ǲѽ
仰Ĺʵǣ׳ϼѽƭ㣿
ֻ׳ԥţ˵ˡȴôͻȻ飿¡Щ̫ͻȻˡ
ɽңε˵׹ӣҸ˵ʵɣʵķˣĸף۱½֪ǲǻʲôԼʵŵòˣԼս졭ʲô뷨Լĸףܲɣ
ܶһ仰ò̫еˣ¼Ȼǰ׹ӵĸһо˳¶ȷûεġ
Ϳ׳ԥţƲ˵¹¡ҲǶϡ顭
ɽңһ
ҿ׳׹ӣѾͷģݼǰɣ
ܶǱʵǼĲˣææ˵ӣҾѽ¡
׹תͷôǷҲòף
ܶһĴȣ¶вװλ˵֮£ȥֻ޾ƻ񷶥ὣǡȷһͿ̿£ùٲǡ
˵ǹӵĸ׷𡭡⣬ǲϡЩ˵ȥѽ


525 Ҳ
׹üͷһ˼롭
ܶѽĺ»ʲôġôõ¶
׳վ˼ȥ巽ˣ񷶥ὣ¶˻
ܶһҪ˵ı飬۰Ͱ͵ضأȥİ׳
鼱ȵģͲȥ׳˺Ӧˡ
׳ֲаٷʱ䣬Щλܶķಡ
ˡǾɣ׳ڿڴӦˡ
ܶĨһͷϼĺˮһ
λүë˼̫ȫˣҪհǰ˺˼ȫ
һȻܰȫʱܱȥ
Ȼͬ⣬ô˵صϸˡɽң˴񷶥ὣҪͬЭɣԣҪЭӱҪ֮Ĵ죬ɽҲҪɳһǧŰپʮƷϵߡͬһս֮ء
׳ʱŭϽˣˣԼԳϵҲˣȥһǧŰپʮƷϸ֣ȡЦҷʵ𣿡
ɽңѾ˷ۡĵ׳߻ûô֣ƭذɣ
ȴ¡ǹӲԸǿɾû취ˣ޷Щ߽߳ɽĻôһֻ֮ļҽˡ
׳ŭʲô˵ҪЮȹƨͨľۻᣬȥΣӻ͵治ȥˣ
ܶæȥʱһĻˣȴһг˵ӷģֻҪʱ䣬ҿ԰ӡĿ
׳Щܻĵ˵ܶ߿ƽ˱Ǹ߽߸ͽյˣƸ¥ӵеĲϸҲֻһǧˣһ룬һʱȴô಻𾳸֣ôƾͣ
ܶڰ׳˵޷ȴӦǷȱ⣬ǡ
׳¶֮ɫܶҲ֪֮ͬСɣɣôĿĲɲǡɲǿЦ鰡
ܶгĴӷģа취
׳תͷã鵽׹غأҴӦǣֻϣʱ򲻻
ɽңſģһδҿȫѹ棬˭©ֻҪ߸ԴչǾͿˡ
׳һʲôʱд
ɽңһǧŰپʮϸ֣Ҫڰ֮ڣϵ޽Ҷפ֮ԣȻ巽ϹǧŰپʮλ߽ߣǶ󣬿ʼɽ𶥡
ʱ䣬ɽɼ᲻ɴݵĴһɽ׾ۻʱ䶨֮һº巽ػ𶥣һ񷶥ὣ
ɽңһ΢ЦƮȻȥȴһϴʱӴݹ١
׳ͷһߵܶڼɴĵģһȥ
գ۹򣬹ɽңѾߵӰӶˡ
治ǹɽң˵ļɴʵĳ̫ĳӵݼ׵Ӱۼݼǹɽң֪飬Ҫˣ
Źɽңȥ׹ˮܶղŽʱʵ̫ʱˡ߲ƷϸֵͷȻ˵ô٣ҲĵȷȷмٵȱڡȫɳȥҲ㣬ֻðµĿʱȴֺܲ룿˵ˣǶ׼ǲ൱Ϊ֣ôܹǧ򣬰
ܶȴһг񣬵ûû£Ұ죬ӵֻҪһ׼ȷ֣ȱ˾ͺáʣµȫҰͺã֤ʱһһǧŰپʮƷϵĸ߽߹߾ǣ
׳⻰ô˵ɶϷã
ܶ̾Ϸʲô㻹ǵ˱Щ˰ɣЩ˵֧䣬ʱֻתһֳȥԿ׾ٵͳ߽ߣ߽ߵʹĿܹɽ壬ǵಫˣȻҪһЩ֣µĸ߶սȫ֮Ҳ㡱
׹ӻȻ򣺡ͨ˹ĳ
漴ĵʵ᲻㱾ʵӰǵĴǿɾ͵òʧˣ
ܶԸ˵ٻӰһ㣬չ˴ţƲӰ֣һеġ
׳һǾͺãһоˡ


526 ϸű
ܶʵˣղ϶ἰķ߾۾ǹӵĲƣ
׳¶Ȼһȴ㣬ҡҡͷһҲǴҵϣ֮ǰҸйһս֤еǿߵʵ˺δ棬ȴ֪ҸԻ߶˾֣͵ǰƶԣǼ˲ľ棡
ܶβأ
׳¶һ˿Цߺܣ޵Уڴ鱨ȴ֪ޣֱȡλλҶ쳾ҶЦңݷʵͬһԴԴ֮Ҷǽֹڴˣ֮Ҹ֮൱ʤ֮ԶۣȻ֮ԯȻ֮ףƲʵȴҶ쳾ཻĪ棬˴α֮мܱγĬ巽ʵȴһٻҸߣҶ쳾ԯ߻ҶЦλɾʹ֮λ
ܶԵʱȻ򣬺Ȼԭˣԭˣôһ˵ҵȫ̶ˣ
׳ʶġŶһȴǵЩܶνȫ̴֮˵ǴӺζ
ȴܶ͵Ҷ쳾ҶЦǱߵ뷨ıȻһ㣬Ϊλ˾٣ܴΪһս֮ͻԭмޣ߲ΣҲȻһսһͳ뷨ȴ뵽˵ı֮У˷㿴Σȫ֪֮ͨʹ֪թȴҲòΪⱾ޿κΣòӦеĶӾ棬ңȴ˽ƾͼƵıǮվ㣬ȻƾӦˬүڰǣƾմٳɴ˾֣
׳µʱӿ׳Ҳݣʲôˡʲôʲô鰡ΣĶòãȻȫ޻ɣԲҲ̫Ե˰ɣȻܹһԸ뷨ӵزұұ
ħͷɵȫ³Ҳǵ֮룬˲١
ħƣҲ͸Ч
ѵõһϸűӣĿˣҲ̫ԲסԼ
׳ʵĽԭи߶λܶȥǿȥ
Ȼһ죬ʼʥɽʱ򣬻Լĸ߶Ҳˡ
죬׹ӽܶ۵Ĺһͷ
ڡ
ܶͷһɷ׵ܽˮüҪιȥӣӣҲ
׳ͷº͵ˣΪǵĴƣ¡
ܶһֱصĸоȻһؿڣӷģС£˵֮ͣ
׳ͷ
ܶȥϢˡ
ȥġ
Ȼ⡮֮͡ʵλܶ۵ĹǺǺġ;ƿˡ
벻ȱô󡭡
ӿ۱ˣֻҪܹɹֵõġ

ȥ
Ⱥɽ֮УȻһƬƽء
ھǧƷϸ߽ߣ˼Ѿе룬صȺ
ھǧ߽ߵĶ߽ߣԴ
λģҶ֡
ҶߣȻ۷ּ࣬Ϊ֮ڣμ߽ߵȴ޵ģǧƷߵҪ󣬲֮ࣻȱٵ֣ʵɾ߲㣻ҶЦҶ쳾ƽϡ
ͷף۰һƷһļ
Ŀĵزɣֱռ˶λ
츺ںһ˫۾ӥһĿǰ
ȻԼԤϣ˿Լһıսȿ½в硣
˿̵ȴȻǾӸ££
ľǰȻ
Ҷ쳾ۼͬʱԽڶӭۡ
Ҷ쳾ԯ۰лȥ
ʮѣ϶֣Ȼڴ˿پۡ
ۿȥȻֲԼȫǽԺҶ쳾ȻҲһ־緢ӡ
Ҳ洺磬ƺ¶ѾУ˭ƥ
˰ɣ
죬鲻ΪľȻտ֮ʣΪǰٳ߸ͷһҶ쳾ǺһЦ
ֵԼӣȻһЦλǶˣΪͻΣ£õ˲ŶԵġ
Ҷ쳾һ̾⻰˵òȷʵѽ
仰ʵ˵жӰ׳㿰̳ҵĻҵһǿ˼Һˣνһֺҫ
˲ûҫҲֳһҲҲܵҲҫģ


527 Ⱥ۾
һתǸĶӵ׻ᣬܲȫзƸ¥ôӴȴҲҪҰæտһһѾһӣ˵˻Ǳֺܲˣĵĸе۰
˵ԾҫҫԼöӰ׳Ͼڰ쿴Լ۾еǿû֮һ
ȴҶ쳾ٶͬСΪȻ̾˿Щϱίʵ۰
ǳ鴤̲סֱ漥ɶ㲻ûˣҶұҶûˣΪ˲ٷ޵ķʸ˵ʲôˣ۽ĵˣܰϹ˵ʵĪĪ֡û˺׸ɣ帣Ľúܡ
Ҷ쳾һգ쳤ֻ̾治Ϲ˵ʵίʵûжӣ֮ҶϼҶѲ棬ҶѪأҶЦҶѪĵϵСôĻҵҲֿţⱻĳϵһ˵˵ϻ국ǸƭˣǲĲأ
һҶЦҶЦҶҵϵѪҶ쳾˻棿
Ҷ쳾һյĵУ̾˿ҵܾҶլȣǣӴһɣȴҲû뵽ҶЦСӣҶҵϵѪ˵˵Сôôأһһе½СȻڳôһ󡭡ҶԴҲǺİ
ǳ鴤£ȴֵˡ
ѾĻҺڰ˵
㶼Ҫ񲻸ӵ޻˵ˡ
ôģôҫô
ôҶЦҶҺˣ˵ȻһֱصڣǱͽܶˡ
⻰ô˵
˵ʵϲ¶СѾͷ¶ʥʣһƬĳӳģۺּ״ҹ¼޸׳Ե赺ϣ֮ϣ
ҹжӣ׳ۺôҲ޿κΣλ˽ٰڸҶЦСѾͷһʻţϣͷĺðײ˶ˣ
˼ҶЦľãԭΪ˿ڵĲҽϵʦֻһСС棬ֻ˵䵱ɱ۾սڸʵʵ巽֮һǴ֮ҶΨһˣ۴һȽϣѹ׳һͷ
˼ʰ쿴Ҷ쳾һװǻƣѾַˣȴҪü̾ǷУ켸һû
ѹŭתͷȴһ߿ϷۣһЦѿ졢ȫȻεӣӵһŭNɪΪгɫĺˣ㿰мǵ²̳ǵһУѾNɪëĺ𣿡
ۼչ̾˿ǸղŲΪҲǰǲ֪ҵǸŮ̶ʱգǲ֪ؾͳɾİҵڳţʲôױأһĶ˵ŮۣұͲֺòáʱ˵ֻҪ͹ȥǿȥɡ
ԲһŮŮ˭ô֪гôһأ
۾һɣ죬ǲǴ׵ͿղŲҶᵽ𣿾ҶЦСӰǸСһŮհϹͷ
ȻֽղŵĻ̾ҡͷ˵һ顣
ȫס
ôģ
Ȼ£
ѹ϶һƺζҪЦѵӣ㬵¹˭֣δ֪ǲҪ̫磬۽Ϊһ˵˭δ֮죡
ҡͷԣΪʱôûأ˵أǾѾռӳҲֻնѡȲ˵߲㾡ȡõı죬ֻһȱı죬˵Ķ죬ҿ˵ŮһžŵĵӣΨһˣ²мߣµʱŻ˭˵۵ľŵӡ
Ͷˣ죬ұ죡
ŭˣ۸˻զ۸ôȫλ޲ʽ𣿣
տǰ֮ʣȴͻȻ̳Ƹ¥ŷƣڵˡ
һХҶЦԽڶ²ŷƣֱƶϡ
׹ӣǺþòˡ
Ƹ¥İ׹ڶǰһ£˿㡣һµƶ֮ұһȹ֮㡣
׹ӵмųζЦ⣬עĿҶЦҶȻǺþòȴϲɺء


528 ɽ
ĻȻأƺ֮ľñطкκ˶֮Уһ֮⡣
һȻȻһɭɭëȻĸо
ҶЦ׹һ˳ӣ׹ӿν£쳾λȨأ֪˭ǰ״òͷô
׳ЦҶЦǰ˵Լѵɡ⣬Щ湦򣬱ȴм̨ͬϷһס
ҶЦ΢Ц׹֮Աǽ񣬻벻ߴͽ̡
׳ѭŹκˡģãģˣҪۣ;֮ա
ҶЦͷһЦðұһĵҿ˭
ҶЦЦ䣬ӷƮƮҡҡ磬˵ݡ
׳һһ֡ͬеǧ佫
ܶ˼ڰ׹ͬӪţעĿҶЦȴǾҶЦ̵ʵ̫ǿ󣬷ǵϢƣͶ֮䣬Դȣ·巽˵ľ󲿷ֶѻһ
Ȼˡܶа˵
ɵ֮ĸͬʱȴҲһ˿ĸо
ȻڱԼ׵ǰʵ֮󣬰׳¹ȻǳԹ֮
ǶλҶԹǳʣҲΡ
µİֻ֮֮䡣
ƽУ
˴˶˴˲˳۰ܶЦŶʲô˽ĵ֣ʲôϧǻС˵ߵ룬쿪ѡ

ҶЦ׳˲
˿һٷ磬һٷһǳףһ׳ݣκ˿ɣҪ̲סǰһ
һˣ˵һʱ
Ψһ𣬴ҲҶЦϣһݳζͦΣ׳ϣȻҲѤģȴٵĶ˼ֳԼԲɭȻ
һǸӢۣһǸۡ
˿˵ĵһо˵ǹʶ
ڷ쳾죬˵ʢ
ǿδ֮Ҫˣˣ߶֮֮Ǭ컯֮ɣ
㣬ۣһ̣ҲֻĶѡ
Ƕˡ̣˼𣿡׳˵
ˣ˺ǧ̣ҶЦ΢Ц
׳鿴һ·λЦһ£󡭡ƺǡ֪Ĳһ
ڰŲҶ쳾һ¡
仰ͻأǹŹ֡
ǶǺ쳾ش֮һ仯Ī
Ҷ쳾꣬ڴǴһˣ϶ϲд
׳ȴҲſڿ֮Ȼ˵죬ǾͱȻеķʸδ
󷨵裬Ҷ쳾ȻԸκһˣͬȼ۷ǿ˵֮ԣԾɲκεС
׳Ȼ˵һǾһвһĵطڡ
ȫ׳Ϊٳɴ˾ֵĹؼĽԲݺӣһˣҶ쳾תͷҶЦ
ҶЦЦЦ׹Ӻ֮֮켣ҸĶһ㣬֮ͬʱ֮
֮һ֮ǿȫͬĸ
ڳĶǵǿߣ˭Ҳ֪һģ
Ҷ쳾һ
޻˵ҶЦȻܹϹŴ޸ģʢ׳һ۾Ϳ˸Σֻ㣬Լһֻ¾ѾЩʵˡ
ţǵǰص㣬صҶЦղ˵ġ֮
ʲô
᲻̫ߴһأ
˼۰죬ۺͰ׳ʶҶЦһۡ
ȴû˵
ҶЦӣܲȻЦЦȴҲû˵
ҶЦڸеԼ̫ˣûͣѰֱ˵Լһصͼף
Ǹ޷ˡ
һƪĿҶЦεķΧ£ط˹ȥ
öҶЦеİ׳û˵Ҷ쳾ԯȻҲ˵ڰ죬˶û˵Լ˵òƶ֪˵ʲô
ͼȻҶЦ֮Ķ岼Ҷ쳾ԳְڲҶ쳾֮£巽ϹǧŰپʮ𾳸߽ߣ߶ĲǺ֮γ㲻ԪγɴʯȻǽĿɽӣ˹ѹγɽ塣


529 ڽ
ɽλãγһơ
Ȼһ񷶥
ҶЦ׳˼񷶥֮ϣһһңԶĿԡ
ʱ˿̣ǶȻͣԶһС
񷶥֮ϣֻ
˼ʣʹҶ쳾۷֣Ҳ޷֪̽ҶЦ׳κһ㶯
Ҳֱ˴ʱ˿̣׳ܹһȴһ˿Ҳ澡ȥԵЦҶЦεȻҶЦ֪ôûʹ޹һˣҲû㣬˷һˡ
ҶЦҲǺƵЦˣˣؾˡ
׳Ц״취ȷǡҲоиɻǿ֮ҲŸеⳡƽȹ
ҶЦȻľֻнȫ޵ķŴǵƣȻǵĲơܲⲣվ̫İա
׳ɫ𽥵ĳмְգ𣿡
ҶЦһ㶣Ȼɣôۣһ˳ɰգ
׳ȻɣȻôߵĳ㣬᲻ֹ̫һЩǸħͷʵǿ֮⣬ܸ죬ô㣬ǵʤҲô߲ǣ
Цһ£ͻȻĴ㣬ֻаɰգҪһԡһɰգǾһɰգͿͬھɰգͿºн𴫣һգʤѾԤ⵽ʤ㣬㾹ʤ㣬εóģ
ҶЦǺһЦҷʤֻɣֻҷģԼսͬĽϣǽֹڴˣȷʵֻʤ㣬ܹħͷֶΣгħͷֶΣ
׳ԴϲҶִ˻棬пħͷֶ֮Σ
ҶЦЦȷʵֶΣҶѾʵս飬ڰ׹ӿǵܹӵɵħʤ𣿣
׳ϲɰգǾͿڲ֮أɰգȲʤȯıʤ֣֮ȻɰգջʧܣħͷǾֻܹһˣΨħⱣˣ
ҶЦһЦƽ٣˷Ѿ˼ıһ巽ˣ񷶥ὣ
׳΢Цıúܺã˾־԰ڲҲͲ˶ѡ
ӶЦȻһʼͱ˴˵жԣʹΪһЩԵʻתΪֺĵʼϿɱ˴˵ֵĵλ
ΪڴˣʼմûнԷΪѵ뷨
һ̣˾һĪĵĸодηĸп
ҶЦʵվûа취ħͷ׳Σ
׳ûش𣬶Ǻأĵ˼һ£ЦҡͷƽصΪ˶ԣǴ˵ջûа취ħһ߻ħͷȡ쳾ĵλΪףȻͼ֮ıħ֮У
ЦЦӸ˵ȴӦħͷͬھ˵ı죬ħ֮Ϊ
׳Цţ̧ͷҶЦҶЦǵûϣĻΪһѡ񣿡
ҶЦ˼˵ѡһνǶԴͼ֮ơ
˵ʹҲδܹħͷʲôˣʹˣħͷԾɻ硭ţɻѡҲ۱ģħūţνһգıăȻˣ
׳ͻȻЦЦЦĴЦᶼ˳
Ȼ
ôһƽʯͷϡ
ͷҶЦһֱ֪ҶЦƽУȴҲһֱ֪ҵĴ֪Ψһ֪
ȻǴδһһֱţ˽ҵǸˡ
׳ʵ֤ңûп㡣
ҶЦҲº͵ЦˣҲһֱûп㡣
׳Ц
ԴЦ˵ܲµѡ񣬵ܲܲµΪʲôѡ𣿡
ҶЦһ£˵㲻Ϊʲô²ҲΪȺ쳾죻ջѡֻΪԼ
׳Ŷ
ҶЦΪ԰׹ӵһǣԼһħūšħףƮڤ֮УһƬ㶼ūţʹֻһʱʹպ󷴹ĻᣬԾɲѡЭ
ҲҪİǣĳġ
ҶЦ˶ԡ


530 𽣳
һΣ׹ȴûЦ
עҶЦ۾κؽЦţίߣ֪ΪΣֻ˵ⲻ¶ì𣿣
ҶЦһìܣħͷĹϵռϷģ㻹ַƸꡢŪƵĸоһǿ߲ħĴڣȫŪڹ֮Ŀоĸоȴܹ㱻ϥħͷ֮ʱᲢۣţ㿴һ֮ȥǸʱ㽫ǷǳֵģʤǿǿȻΪϿС⣡
׹һιЦ֮ʱЦƬ֮󣬱ֳĬ
Ƶĳ̾һҶЦ˷ħ֮Ҳ㡣
ҶЦֺγ㡣ɽ֮䣬һս
׳˵ʱһȫԸ
ҶЦһ˵ͬаи㣡
׳΢Ц
ã׹վվ񷶥ϣ¾ǧɵգҶЦһսʤˣһɱ㡣
ҶЦһЦûп˵
׳ǰˡڴ˰һ¡
ҶЦ˵ɣһǡ
׳㻹֪Ҫʲô͸ĳŵӦ̫أ
ҶЦȻʲô飬Ҷһκ£
׳Ц㲻ƶκܹѵ㣬Ŵһʤ
ҶЦתͷ˵⵽ǡʤˣһļ£˵ǰˣԼȥ
ֻ˵ʤˣһ㡣
ˣһнԵûС

׳ĬһᣬҶЦ֪˵ʲô
ҶЦ˵飿ȴ˶죬ҵˣεĶǲһ
׳Цȴûپⶵ
ֻһ̵İ׹ӣȴûƽǬգģ½յţˣõڼҴк
ҶЦ˼ҲЦø⿪ġ
˲أһΨĺг棡
֮
ҶЦ²˳٣ʼɡ
Ƭ֮֮ھǧŰپʮ𾳸߽ߵĺ֮£ͽĽݼ˸߲ʵĹâ貣쵶Ŀ
׳ʼ
һЦһֻ֣ңңԡ
ңԣ֮֮֮Ϊ֮˳ƶĹ켣ӿȻĪ
ʱֽ֮ڿ𽥵תһƵĹȦ
Ȧһͣȴֺһ㣬һȦȦɢ
е֮Ծڳϵ佫Ȧ֮Уȴ˲㱻ڻеĸֱӱӰ٣ֻһ壬еֻ֮һҳһĹ㡭
ֻЩĻۡ
ʹֻһһΣϸС΢ȴվΪڶ࣬ۻԽԽࡣ
һССĹ㣬һŵεε壬γСĹ㣻Ȼֱô󡭡
̿ƻ֮Ĺȴʼղϡ
಻𾳸ִ˼Ծڲϵ͡
Ĳ𾳸֣˷񱼣ܹÿһɽϤ˹֮Ųƽɽ
ЩԭƵɽڱ˹֮վֻǻɽϵһɽʯ
ҲǻἰȽϴһЩɽʯ
е컯֮Ŀɿڴ˼顣
ʹʼٸߵҶ쳾ˣڿһĻĻľ֮ȴҲ̲ס಻ѡ
һ׳٣ڴ֮ǰǰδеġ
䣬ڸıأıǿ˳̣
ŸɽϤ˹в˵Ĳ𾳸ǣʼԽԽԶĳ;棬ȥԶˡ
ɽҵĹ֮С
Ƭ֮ϣһ߲ʵĹâš
Уɣ»ˮǶ߲ʹ֮У˸˸ʼǢĴš
⻹»˿ڸǹڡ
ǣ֮ͬԭóֵľ£ڴ˿̷ǵ֣ҲκεΥ͸оΨһоֻкгĺг
ɽ֮ϣһŹĪ⣬֮Ĺʣһֱ˸
ģƺһĪ£ڽγɡ
֮½һƳ͵״̬
Ҷ쳾񷶥֮ǧɵĵط׼֣Ҷ쳾ۣ죬Ʒվ
Ҷ쳾ΪΪ죬ΪΪأΪΪˣˡ֮ۡ
Χ֮ϵ񷶥֮͡
񷶥֮ϡ
ҶЦעĿϿգĿʶѻ֮ѾԽԽ٣ȻɢĹʾǸʤ֮ǰɱγΪһڽ׳һ룬ʲô
׳Էһ£ٳû𣬷
ҶЦҲһյ㣬ֻΪ˳Ϊ쳾ףⲻĸ֡
׳һ£δ𣬷ʵҶЦʲô
ҶЦ۾ҼΪ߸߼壬һһննǺӡҲĿһһ֮䣬ڼ֮ٶ¹ɡһֻβһ˦ݣзһ֮
۾㽣֮Ĵߣֻһӵĺ쳾λ棬˲ʱɲ졭
ҶЦ˵׳֪ĳЩУεС
׳йâڣΪĴڣ˵ǲĵ׵Ĵյ㣡
ҶЦޱȵϣĵ˵ǣ
׳Ĭ
ûʣҶЦ״ʲôطǰܡ
ţһǴڵġ
ãЩʧ˵ûĻԵܹø߼ڣԣҵĿ겻ȷֻ֪Ծɻǰߣߵʲôʱʲôλʲô߶ȣֻҪҵǰиߵɽԶ·Ҿͻȥߡһֱߵһ졣
ҶЦʵ·ҵ·ԶԶҲ߲ģνĿ꣬һֻ̣ߣǸûյ㣡
׳Ĭ˰Σǵġ

һ죡
ͻֹâɣ䣬ĽݺύɢÿһĿȷķһ˸Źâǳ
˵Ŀ۽ע֮¿ȴ񷶥ϿգһѳƺǴ֮г˳һ㣬һĽô˵¶˳
ɣף棬Уһֱ⣡
漴һԽĽͻȻ
һԽԶǴبһֱ쵽ڡʱ˿̡
һһ̣Ҳͬʱ쳾죬ˣУͬʱ죡

˵вԼͬķһΪĸо
𽣣ɣ
ȻоˣͲ֪ʲôζʲôһֽѳɾ͵΢оȴôͻȻȻð˳
籾֪ܵˣӵһ𽣵ˣǴ쳾ˣ
ˣ飬һ̣ͬһʱӯ
Ȼ˲֪ԼΪʲôޣ˼ôȻȻȫȻܿƵ
ڴ鷶֮ܶһҲ˹ᣬֻĳռĿִ꣬ؿǰһ
ֻˣʼûᡣ
ҶЦ
׳
λ񷶥֮ϵˣھŸڿеǿڽ
䡣
һ̣ҶЦ֪׳ʲôͬģ׳Ҳ֪ҶЦʲô
˶оԼ꣬ʶ꣬壬˲侭һļȾ

ͬ˵
쳾죬Ԫ꣬³
𽣣ɣ
Ӵˣ쳾ʷ꣬뵽ʱ
˺µʱһΪ㣡
һ֮࣬ҶЦ׳ͬʱЦͬʱնƮƮҡҡĴ
֮һս
巽ˣ񷶥ὣ
дһս޺

ͬʱ湪ʢˣХй˼е˷ܡ
дһս޺
ΪΨһ飬֤̣ܶ־ź쳾¼ԪĴ˴ʢ䣡
ں쳾֣£˵Ĵģ˵Ⱥۻۣ˵ȺȺ˵ĸ߶ӣֻο밲ġ
ʱ飬֣Ŀķ壬ҲûлУ󣬾𽣵ĵԼպĴ˽
ڳÿ˶˵档
״Ϸģ˶Ӱˣ
޴
ô̫ˡ
֮ȴҵĿҲ֮һ
ܶϲɫˣ黹쳣Ƶģʵĵȴֵ㵸
̫࣬ɵˡ
벻ǵȵŬʵΪ£ǺǺǺǡ

֮
ˣɽĹϣ
ĿԭһеƽϣƾհεضһоǧŰپʮɵĻֺɽ壡
мһΧɽиеͣ¡
ɽէƽƽ棬ΪȫްֲǶԵùͺͺĲĿʵǵɽ޿ɺһССʯͷǼ᲻ɴݡ



531 һԾ
ɽ£һֱɽŲźϹǧŰپʮŽƽʯףĸ߶ȣԺ쳾ʶԣͨˣҲһ·߸ͽ˳ȥ
ȻһֻͨҪϵԼǧ׵ĸ߶ȣͻܲˣǧ׵ĸߴд˷һ޴ƽ̨ͨߵķֽߡ
ɽΪ쳾鹲УͨҲʸٴɽֹֻǧɴ
ΪǧߣΨ߲漰ء
ǧ֮ϣÿٽ׵ĸ߶ȣһǧΪֹǧϵĸ߶ȣÿٽףʮ
ڵľɽ壬ȫá
֮Ҫȥ۷֮𶥣Ҫеƽظߴٱܹǿߵȥ
ǵǶÿ˶ҪһɽڵǷ塣
۷壬˲ǿߣѰ߸ʵǲϣ
ֻв߲ӵе۷ǿ
Ҫ𶥵񷶥֮ϣ߶Ψ㾳ǿ߲ܵ٣Ǵϵļ壡
񷶥ǹ˸ԶԶȥΨʥޱߣ
ɽӾǧɽɽȫ͵һ̿ʼͻȻ˷ӿХűӿɽǧ֮ϵһڸǣ
ɽϤֽ֮У
֮Ψ翣ã
УҲôʥַ
֮ɽ
ϹǧŰپʮƷǿߣעĿɽʱ򣬳԰ɽԼˣһʯͷʼһһ㹹ġ
˵أɽӴ˳Ϊ쳾㲻ΰʥĽ
Ƿĵӿĳɾ͸СԺУֱ޿ĥ
ɽǰһ˶ʯ
в˴ɽĲ𾳸֣ȫ
ˣɽһգסһ̣ٹͲ
˶һҫ
ˣɽ׳ͣǧŰپʮָӪ
Ȼʹƺƴ˸Ĵ󹤳̣깤󣬸֮ԾɢظңҸ衣
̶̰֮䣬˾ߵɽ徲
գ巽Ϊ񷶥ὣɳ˴½
ÿһԼϸظֻöʮĸ˵ı׼
˲սʮԹۣһӡ
ߣΪ֮ˡ
쳾Ϊδΰҵ֮һ̣١
巽𶯣һ۶Ǭ
ѵһһȻعҡ
һУ׵ֹ
˼ʵĺ쳾죬κһط֮أ
ԭйְԱǣΪбۻӵжϽ֮صȨޣһ˲֮ȫʧЧ
ǿн֮쳾Ĺй򣬾ʧȥƺ⡣
һУΨеȴµ׵ȷȫ򣬲Żָ
ɽ𶨣񷶥֮ϣʽ֮󣬱ӭ˵һε⽣Ӱߺսӣ

һԼսҶЦߵǲûʲô׼
Ϊ׿ҶЦԼ֮սѡжۡ
ӦѾ㾳нףȻһ
ĿǰǵѾ㾳нףҪԸھӦȻҲѡС
һҶЦԭѡǳ𣬳ǰ֮һΪǵ̤㾳ֱ㾳нײΣʵνǾ֮ڣѡõ飡
˳Ը£ʾԼսЧѡ
ȣ˳Ϊͬ㾳нףҾȹ̣֮㾳н׵ĳսһ֣ҲҪĹؼԭ򣬴˴񷶥ὣĿħ˳ǿħľ֮һӦԹϣ˻ǲҪֿΪˣܶħͷǰΣ֪˳ĴڣȻ˳ΪậǿΪΪѣ˳սȷʵսԣ
İţ˵ȶûκ
ǻнֵֻܻļλУҲֻǸо޹⣬ȴûκ顣
ϾһսǹϵĽ
ϵصĹ
Ϊ٣оУоǲУɲǲ߲ܸĵ⡣
¹ǧݲð֮¡
ɣҶԱǹɫŮɽ֮ۡ
սԱʮԱֱǲ꣬н𣬻ֵܻλУѡȡǰ䣬\ɷ֮սʮѡ˫
ʮʹˡ
Ϊʮ¼Ҫַ죬òɿ
ҶЦǬٶϣֱָѡƽϢ˷
ѡߣ⣬緢棬ѡߣͷɥͷԣֱ׵Ҫɥ

׹ߵλսԱֱƶ֮֮㣬ܶ
սԱʮˣаԼλ£Ȼ
Ҷ쳾ǱߣҶ߶֮йɽңΪʥƶ·ˡ
ҶЦһҶ쳾ߵű󣬾֪Ҷ쳾Ѿսˡ
ΪѡˣÿһԸΪºͣԸ񼤽֮ˡ
սĿɲֹҶǱѡˣҲһй޹ļơ
ɳݣƻԼų޵е۵ֵܣԯա
ٴű˵˼ȴǰڳһȡӡ
˴ʢỹһλܣһλӵ㸲񷶥ὣսĴܡаĸң˾ʵʥҶԼ巽ۣ˴쾺ʤһܹ붯֣һ׵ʤˡ
Ȼһ룬λңûаͨصֱӾܾˡ
һֻԸңκսţ˭Ҳգңá
ʢ죬죬κһԺѡҪȥˣսǡ
λңҲһλ˶ôһλֱӾʧӰ١
λѣҶ쳾ǰۣʾԵĽ
ܹﵽңĵزȴܿɹ֪ѵľ硣
һңã
߸Խ񷶥֮ϵĸԵķλ
һ۴Լߵ֮񷶥֮ͻȻ䱬ǿâһ˲֮䣬âţ巽ּʱһϢâ֮С
мλõĿ㳡ȴͻȻʧһ㣬ȡ֮ģһƬޱȵǿ档
սԱƬǿ֮ս
Ƭռоս㱬жǿƻһ˿һ
ĻΧоսòս֮ȫ޹˼ɵĽս
һڣˣԭǲ֪ġ
ԣâֵһ˲䣬Ƭսǿճֳɲǣڳ˶ȳ
Ȼ֣ȴ֮񷶥
էֵĺڶ۰һߵâϿֱ֣
ʱ򣬲սߵĳսɺ˳ս˭ٲԼ಻Ϊףڲκεűսս
ȫ֮ǣǣ˭㣬չս
źէţȴһһϺص˵һһʮ꣬һһգ𣬳Ī
һ½ۣâһȴǶӪ֮еةණ
ξǿ֮Уâҫн
񷶥ὣٴһһˣȻλةࡣ
һ̣ȴһһͷɫʰ쵵Ļʷˣ֡׹˸֮䣬ȴǻ˽绪ˡ
εĶ֣Ľ
һ̣ڳһɺСԾ̾񷶥ὣɻֺꣻһӣȴ龫״
ʹҶ쳾졢λۣ˼ҲĿࡢĬĬ
߶ˣǳ鴤׻
ԭֻԴЩһǿ߶֪붫ΣһԹż
˳ʶ˴˰ĽƷòΪκһ涼˵赺֮ϣʹ𣬶ӽΪţԾγһֺгĻֻǣڶڷԼŮӣȻ࣬һͷ֮һжıˡ
һѵ֮󣬶޷Ľ
ѵöģȻһıһһԵɿգһ·׷ѰΡ
׷أǱ֮ܶ£ŭһս御и֣սҹ
ʱδǿ߼ȴǶ֮ĵһң˱ҹս֮࣬ҹȻأͬشĴۣڽ˴ΣۿžҪսͻȻ֣ıޣƴ֮գȳȻһ·͵졭
ջС˵·˺ϸþʹһ˫ãɾʹԵ
Ȼνͷĵ죬һβǶ
֮Ҳûм棬Ҳṳ̂ء
λط֮£ǵδȢһû뿪ؽ磡
Ҷ֪˴˵Ĵڡ
ȴʼûκϵ


532 ҳȫ
ϱ˾öν󱲣츳ͷԸԸԳʼʱĸ˳ɾ˿ѷںĶ۾죬ΪһսԪشʹȬΪҲԶ޷壬򣬴ǿߣжһϯ
ͬģƹҲΪѵ󱲵ĲʹӣйҲҪ죬κεﶼṇ̀һʱĻ߱һĿ
һֱһ¹֮սȻ߶֪Էݳߣ˱̳ȻսҲԼӪ֮Уչ¶ΣŬʹڸС
սǺԷ棬˵һ˲
컯Ūˣô档
巽ˣ񷶥ὣĵһսȻŵĵһվ˷ֱԵسս
һսشһˣǽԼһصˣķ֮һ
ǽǶΣ޷ɣ
սڱУ
컯Ūˣ컯Ūˣһ̣֪һǿߣ޲̾Ϣ
ʱ˿̣ν컯Ūˡĸֵ⡣
һ粻ټһ̣Ȼνı棬գﲻɱٻᣡ
ңٻǶ
֮
ⲻǶڽǶڶΣһսĲп壬Զ׼⧶á
С
κͽ֮ͬʱִǿս˴һ˲Ŀһ̣ͬʱסˣ˺Ȼ֪˵ʲôݽ֡
гĳ˼ʧӰ٣
֮ʱޱƣҲ֪ʱɢ伣
еһǿߣȫâ󡢼Ӫ֮УƽϢؿˡ
ʲôľϡ
Ŀ֮£¶һ˿΢Ц૵벻֮һսҪС
㣬ž׳ʧ룬鲼Ǳ桭벻ǡ
Ĭˡ
֮۾죬ƺʣΪҪ׽ŪԼ
ȴ⾹֮䣬ԽԽҡ
ڴߴ˿Щ֡
񷶥ὣۣ֮Ϊ֮֮֮߱ȻҪսԼԵΣԲ⣡
ڡ
ԭ˾ɫΣȻȻرܣվؾۣԾһĶԹһս˽ɣɣ
ʹҡͷĺˣĪҪҡҲ㶯֡
쳤ХһսҶԹ֮սǴ֮ܶ𣿡
ҡͷ
㲻
ָһսΪעһսܹ
Ȼ޿ɱܣ㻹ʲôһХնڿһоͻȻһɫĹâ
һ𽣣Ȼ
ĶڣȻû˷֣ڽһ̣ξӨ飬Ȼ£ڿȻˮ
ӣͬ⣬һ쳤磬ǿ֮£Ŷһĳ
һ̾нٶȱѤ֮ʵĹâչһ˹ȥ
ϣ
֮䣬է
ζţ˾ֵʱȫһµģ
ȻᣬʵϣҲѾ˶֣
ˣ
ӾΨһһ˳֪ԭίһ
ŮھܻվŮԽǶȿ⣬ξһУĪ꣡
Ӧ˳˪õȾͷӦ͡
һߵҶЦȴǳ̾˿ŪˣδҾ۽
ˡڽչһ֮ھ޽һӽ
Ȼڼ̱ӵһ˲䣬ͻȻ˽룡
˽ķֹһˣ˫˫˽룡
ٶ֮£ǿƼһ֮ѾһΪʹǿľǿҪ൱ĴۣۻҪܶԷʯ쾪ɽƺǿṥ
ƫƫ֪ΪΪ֮ǿн˽һǰҪܶԷһ
ŵģȴڡ˫˫˸мˣһھɱȴͷǿּƣⱾѾ߾ΪȴƫƫΪˣ˫˫Ϊ֮һĻǵǰ޹ˣźҲЧߣ


533 
ڼڿУϾ޾ᣬŶΣһ࣬
εӣҲڲʱ̳֣ͬžᣬŽнͬǷ켣ſմ䣬ôڿС
˼ͬʱ˶бƿء
˾ǽԼ壬ڶԷʢ֮
һսȻ޿ɱ⣬ôҾҵ˽顣
һսȻ޿ɱ⣬ôҾҵȫĸ
˶ǿֶַǹ⽫ƹ켣ƫ˽룻ȴһһԤ֮Ľ
εţɲɵӭѾ˽Ƶ𽣡ǰģҲö˶ͬѾ˵һ
˶ΪעڽϣȻͬʱ˲ٿأ
˶ҪȫԷȴΣ֮У
һ̣սˣΪ֮һ
ܾˣ
ܾ
ۼһĻˣȴֻͽ̾κΣΪ֮ľս̬֮Уκ˶޷룬۸ı֣
ۣ
ۣ
Ľһּ˱ŤĹ켣ӶѹᴩһѪ⣬δֱ·޾աԵģεĽҲͬһʱᴩ˽ķһֱ棡
һ˲ʱƺʹ˶
ԭƽȻұ䣬۾ǲţޱʹעŶĶΡ
ԭѣƽҲ˲ʱŤҽһ
ƽ͵ͻȻ
һ̣ѻȸ
˶֪ʹ࣬ΪԼı֮ˣεĲҺҲΪԼʧ
˶ΪԷʹ
ɱ֮ơȫԷ߾Ọ֮̈̄ر仯˹
սˣͷ·޴һ
һ̣˶оһԵʹ飡
;ӦͬʱһסԼͣʲԡ
ΪΡ
ô
У۲ŵĿŶԷʹŶԷ˿ڣŵ˻ʳ֡
漴Ͷס˿ڣתһȻĿ⣬עĿԷҲԸ롣
ģԭľȣʹȫת
˶עŶԷ
ƺҪԷݣШԼУԺУС
һ̣ѾעҲܸı䡣
Ҫݣٲ
ѡȢ𣿡ĿŶΡ
ʹس鴤һ£ȻҡҡͷԲ𣬽ʹٻشǰѡһΡҡֻѡ񣬲㡭Ե£
Ȼ΢Ц£ԭٸѡĻᣬԾɻǲȢҵġ֪ס
ε˲ʱÿն૵ҲȢˣҵԵֻ㣬ȺԵԵ
Цˣ㡭ѡ£һѡ񣿡
Ȼѡ
Цˣܹѡ񡭡һѡ㣬Ȼ󣬰㣻Ȼȥ㣬Ȼ󣬱ΧȻ󣬱ȣ㻤ȥ죬Ȼ󡭡մһζݸ顭ǡ֪ôմһҸеҸӣǵش㻤һһ·Ȼһ·Ͼųϵʱ䶼ڻ״̬ҡܸܵһʵţȵϢðΰѵҸеʵУпܣԸһ·Զᣬֻߡڻس̵·ϣұ㲻ź޻ڣ
һʵ̣ζκ˶ܵľʹòŵĵز
ȻϣپһΡ
綾ƣ֪֮ȴԸĸһ̣
ʹŴ죬ĺȴѾ˵ֻǷġʹࣻȾڳÿһˡ
˶ʹԸӣܺ
룬ǰӵ뻳Уϲ㣬ʼնϲ㣬㣡ԸȢ㣡Ҫţһһ롭
ǣܡ
;
Ҷ쳾Ͱ׷ĿƵĿǰһĻעĿԶˣ䣬ĿⱶԸӡ
ڳûܹ˽ǰ˵˼
ǵһв֮ձ֮գ
׷˼޾ǿȣأ˽Ҷ쳾ĻΨ߿ı֮УܸеȫݣŲ䣡
Ҳ


534 δ
Ҷ쳾¸ҵǰһ󲽣ȻΪãΪˣֻҪ𣬶˵硣ΰ롭
˱ϾһˣȻ߹ʮ¡
׷оԼȽҪҸ̫̫࡭
νûбȽϾû˺ӲҪȽϱ˺
ȽڽһˣԼа£ֹûаᾧúȴʲô
һ㣬Ҷ쳾֮ԻҶԼĴ֮ҶѰĲģۿż帲ҲûгһȻΪҶЦڡҶԭһ桭һγһĮ
һ򰮶˽Į
֮ΪҵĺáҲں
Įɺ飬Ǿ飬Ҷ쳾ϣȴԵøʵΪǹǹ
ۺͶλ鲻Խվâ֮ǿա
߬ȭͷϣ¶
붫˵İԯӽã쳣ӣ֮ܽĪ棬˵һӶڸ˻иʲôԶεζȣ൱ҶЦ֮ںѩεòҪҪģ˵ҪûжεĶ֧֣ĵλδȹ̣
˴񷶥ὣȻɳݣΪԼӺԼŮԵʣǰ˶Դ˴ξս׵ķȻȻϣ汾սֵƽ£˫ڿս֮ǰ֣սԱ˴ξսԱΪȣʤãʤҲǿһԱȫȫΪǰᣬòֱ䣡
ǰᣬټϸ֮Ĭ˫Ծ޿⣡
ʵֺֹˣڵľ棬˶ڴ֮ǰȻζûôġ
˿̣λڿԶ飬ȴҲ޾λ֣жһƬˣȴҲֻ۰װ׵Ϊ
ⶫΪ˵ȷظҴͳһ棬޿ɷϡ
ΪݴͳظûκȥԽǵ֮Ľɡ
˵ı磬ɵӰ²ˡ
˶зŭεĲΪ
ʣǽλԼĻԼǲµ
ιȻûУȻҡ
ֺγδȢĴۣ֤Լݸļꡣ
ԼĻȻа죬ҲѾ檳Ⱥ˰ɣ
Ҷ쳾ΣȻһȴãͳ㣬˵ȶǿ𣿣
ı֮£ȴʲôָ𶫷εӱܣ
㣬һֱ⡭΢𣺡Ҵûк޹㡭ֻޣֻ컯ŪˡΪʲôˡ컯ԵȴԵ
ԭѾȴͻһ¡
ͻȻһʵǶһ̣ǻҷ֮ʱʱյʱ̣Ը޸ңҵ𣿡
һ˫ķĿͻȻԭѳʻɢ˵Ը⣡
׷УĴЦãããӴ˿ҵӣҶεӣ
۾Ŀһ̾Ϣ૵ӴԺ󡭡ҽҲɷˣкκ
ʱ̣˾ô
Ծ
ȴȫܹ⡣
ȥʱֻ̣Ծɲľ
ѡԾǸ֮¡
ԾҸòˡ
ƺƽԸһóĿο
ԭΪԸԵڽˡ
УǸ߸ϵһߣԼİҪ󣬾Ȼ˵ı΢
΢пŮӣ̲סҪΪ֮ͬһޡ
Ǻεȵĳ飡
Ȼ֮ԼԾûܹԽޡ
ҾֻʵĿţһˣǿеѾʼɢǾǿߣ߽⣬סǵ۾ȴʼһգգĿŶԷ˵רע˵档
ֻ˵ǡϣ
˴˼һǻɢûûתͶ̥Ļᣬһ̣ҲҪס֮˵ݡ
˸תΪңȫǿա
ȻǴսˣʤδ֮ǰǿս־
ͻȻ
ϷâӪ֮УһХ⣬ֱ
ҶЦХ룬Ŵս
Ҷ쳾һæȵҪ֮


535 鲻Ӧ
ʹǿҶǴǿ֮ˣȴҲóȻŵǰתǿս֣
ں쳾߶ԣ߲ʣݲɷɣ۸ţ
Ȼƫƫ˴ˣڴ֮ĵһգ
׹һҶЦǿƿâһ֮䣬Ѿ˽붫м䡣
ҶЦ۾Ȼһչ˺áҵŮǡǣҡ
û˵꣬ҶЦ磬Ѿÿ˿жһŵҩȥ
ս˾һͷˮ֪ҶЦ˾к塣
Ǿǿߣղ˵֮϶˴޹ǿн⿪֮µ˽һ֮ܷɣֽΪȫ뽣У״̬Ѿ䵽͹ȣٳܶԷһƣǵ˻꣬飬˵Ǳ޾ȣעٲ
Ϊ֪ƾתβžʱ̣ԲԼԼ֮˵ǸΣ
ڳڶ൱ǿߣҲΪ㣬ûнȣֹΪַ֮ʣ
ҶЦ˼ʳϵĽ룬ΪΣѵҶЦıܹ˹״Ծ
Ŀ֮£ҶЦ˺һǸȻλλʵ̫أȻҲҪͽ̾κΣΪŵҩҲܾȻλֻǡŵҩȻܾλȴΪλһ飬λͶ̥תԴʱپ֮ڣ
붫ͬʱȻתͷ
λͬͬʱ𣬹߾ȪڴͶ̥ת֮󡭡ֻҪһ鲻λں쳾ٴʱ򣬱Ȼϳ˴ˡ
ҶЦݹ֣ףλһֻУͬòᣬ֪ϡɾؽ֮ãͷϣ룡
У˸ҵľϲ͸м
лҶ֣˵ֻҪٴʹΡһһΪţҲҪһ䣡
Цˣ±ӣҵģ
գǷػհԣΪ֤
ЦЦţ䡣
ΪԸˣΪٻڣֻǼں쳾ٻᣬԭѳòʵڵٶȼڿеٶȣ£Ѿ˵ǹ⣬ɢڲ񷡣
ҶЦҵŮƴе
ģҶЦ֣˵ҲҵŮȻΪǿյ񻰣
οĵͷ
붫һۡ
ͬʱڣң
ң
һλǿߣʹڿлޣٲ档
ֻһδͬԭֻ΢ө棬΢
һĪҡ𣬳񷶥֮ʧڲ֪ʲôط
ֻ֮Ϊ֮䲻֮ϣȴ϶ãʹ񷶥ὣѭֻأת
ǲ֮дҵĽڳ˶ΪһΪ˽Լ飬ƺȥġͬһ򡭡
ףǣ
ҶЦϵı۾ף
ڴ˼̣֮ܰȴ׹ӿ£ҶЦλÿ䣬񷶥ǿգ˲ʱ԰׵磬״£
Զ׼ҶЦƻ˹ĳͷ
ۼ׵缴ҶЦأͦȴȻ⣬Ŀע鲼޾׵磬ŭȵѵν컯Ūˣô
׽ŪˣǴΪ֮ã֮ˣ
ҶЦŭУ׶磬ͬʱϡ
Ȼ޾׵绻ģֻҶЦһȻ߶ѡ
Ȼ׹ɢȥ
ҶЦڣѪⰵϢ
ΨǵĨȻȻڣһ˿м΢ЦҲԾɹڴߣʧ
ȴҶЦһЦӶȻһϷصƮƮȥ
һ̵ҶЦνǰδеǱ
ȻһйսˣŮȫҵĿҶЦŮӣܵңǸжкᣬȦͨ졣
գֿ׵Ĵۣȫһˡ
жΪӢۣɷ
۵ƿնҶЦҴã˵һлл
۰ͬʱ𣺡л
Ȼ£ѡԼɾˣûоȥΪȡʤλȴͬʱʾ⣬ڸҶЦԵĸл
Ϊ˱ˣΪˡʮֵܸ顣
һлίʵǷԱģ޻٣
ҶЦͷ΢Ц
Դĵ׵ĸлҶЦܹ⣬ֻǣҶЦ붫Σиֿ֮⣬۵л⣬ʹģҲҶЦϣ
⣬ȴ˷ٷڳеĹսԱͬʱһҶлˣ



536 Ů֮ս
ͬĸл죬ȴҶЦͣ½ŲҶЦ˼ڣҵܿܿõͬά֮˼ûĴڣôν˼䣬ҲͲ˼ˡлλ
֣ƮȻع鱾Ӫ
Ȼ̵ļ仰ȴ˲˳˼
˼ûڣôν˼䣬ҲͲ˼ˡ

û⣬ˣ޲ľк죿
˼֮ʣȴٶ˸ڶâϿա
˲ʱص˺ԭԲȱɵȥķ֮һ
ܾˣͬھûʤȴǲʤȫʧܡ
Ȼʧܣܷ˾Ҫߣ
ֻѭȶУ˾ǰˣûлأ
˺ķ֮һ󣬺ٶ˸һΣȴ˸ҶЦâǣҶ쳾һâ
ѩȻ̽ƮƮ貵ҹУͻȻʢһ覵ѩ
Ҷ쳾Ǳߣɹɽңս
ⳡսе֮У֮У̫Ϸһ㣬ΪһսֻƬ̣Ϊ߶֮׵Ĺɽң㼴䣬˻â
ˣȻһأˣȥķ֮һ
Ԥϣ˫ҶȻһҶ¡һҶ˥ڿ˥Ҷ
һսǱ붫콻ս·ս󽫾սƸ¥ƶ֮ܣ
˶ǣˣȴֻʣһ롣
սսϱ졣
Ƹ¥֮սҶЦɾӦӦս
Ůһսʷ׳ʣҡս˴Ŀġ
Ҷ쳾붫ʶǿڣȫΪ֮಻ѡ
Ҷ쳾۵ǿߵ۹⣬ȻжϳŮ֮ʵǿ֮ǿ൱Ĳ֮࣬߶ҪһߣԶŮ֮սĳ̶жϣƫģ
˫ȻԣŮ˴ζΪԼİ˳սҪΪԼİ¼ˣڳս֮ǰ¶˱ʤġ
ʤ㲻飡
ľĳսŮˣսܹضݣ
Ů߾ƽ֮޵ļܣ֧ŵǿսкۣ֧飬ȫ̱⡣
̣ΪΪʤȻȻط˾ѪȼԪ󷨣
߾ӦοϽֵʤһ֮䣬ʱ꽣
ѪȼԪǺ쳾ϳ˵Բзţ˼˵ֶΣ෱࣬ߴ߹ǱֱȼѪԪԪΪۻȡʱΪ߱㺮ѩն䷨֮ʱóġĺһ
һΪۣȡ൱߱ļܣڼ˵ķűڼ˵Ĳɲٿԣǡĺһǿǿӣһٲ棬һĺһԪþ߱ٲ֮սֻҪ϶ߣ߾͵ͬ޼ƿʩѩǰܹ֮ΪһĻԵɺϣǰģﲻ׸ĻԵɺϻڿɸԣʵϣٷԲзŶڲԼʱԼԦԡ
ǾѪȼԪȴȱ㣬Ųʱֹʩ߻Դ߷޶ȣάԼԿƵļ޷룬Ȼ˺ô׶ҲԶ׼ѪԪ֮⣬ҪʧһԲзʮԪʧʧԪޣκֶҲֲ
Ҫ˵Ů˷ı˸ѪȼԪ󷨵ͬʱֱӽ˷ӵʹܵļ޳̶ȣһ˲Ԫ֮ߣд֮ޣ֪
ӦǾþеĵۼţֱӷ֮УͬʩչλĪʦС꽣
꽣ͬδ˵˼ļ֮УѪȼԪʧԪޣӦʧֱӾԪϵĳ̶ȼ˵ȻĪģͬİԵޱȣ
ŮΪʤУһȴҶЦ׹ð
㶼Ҫˡ
ΪôһʤҪʧһλգҶЦʾƳܲ
䣡
ҶЦ亹ֱ˵ֱ䡣
䣡
׹ӵҲͬ
ǰƶڰ׹Ҳһ˰ˣʹӮΣ
ҶЦ׹ΪԵͬʱ䣬һٶƽ֡
ʵϣеŮ˼һƴ֮Ѿȥ;ƿݵĵزŮʹ־˿δأԺݺݵĿŶԷȫǾǿʡ
ȴͬʱһء
ϱԾǲƽɫ
һȥ㼴׳һٰο¶ΪЦ
һߣӦȥҲ֣òƱǱ߻ҪأҶЦѾ˼ЦҲûаЧ
һ̣ҶЦ׳ͬʱһָоˣ̫ˣ
Ȼ㣬ȻֻףԪѾſȻոһӾɥʧԪȴڿɸɵ֮ڡ
ھӦԪȻƣҶЦ鵤в֮;ΣΪʱ
νҶȹˣ´أ´λܽ𣿣
һ˵ʱһҪж巽˵ĳ嶯
ôȥ˭ұ֤⣿
һⷢ񲻾¡޺
巽ˣѪѶ񷶥ὣȻڱУ;˳أ
ղһҶЦͰ׳һ·ľؿģкüλ׼ĴܶŵòƨСʱʱףʱʱڣɫɫûһ㽡ɫˡ
һģʼո߸һ·ɤۣ͵Ķ۾գգһ£Ψִһϸڣһгɿգʹ˵ĸΪҲ۾ɵ÷ᣬӭᡭ
ҶЦ߳սԼమһŮˣ׳Ǳȴֺγͬ
ļλϴ˻ûоɶر𣬵˵ȴķգԼԳսҪĶǣڼ˾Ӧ֮ս֮˸߬һ亹
ǣʹΣⳡ;սüȥ
ֹ֮󡭡֪ǲرĳˣֻĥĳˣ
ҶЦߵȳսǱս⣬ɲɵйһʤսƶ֮ϡ
һ̡
ҶЦ׳ͬʱƿڴ

ˣһǴ
һҲƽҶЦæʾ⡣׳ǱҲǻƨɵͬľ
˫˾־ʹսᣬΪ˵Ůȴܾ˫Эľ
һսҪλȻҪָʤλӵŮˣҲӦиʤӮ֮𣡡ôǿǶ԰׳һǿͬ׳Ҳû취
±ջˣҲҪΪһ棬룬ӵŮʤˡ
ϧĴԪҲҪΪȡʤƽ֣Ҫһȡʤ
һʤһƽʤ
ǱߣȻҲǱͬ뷨
ҿ˭Ů˸ʤһ
ղѾսһֶ֮Σ֣ܲ
ѾӦսһѵڹһ
ŮĻ˵زҶЦ׳ô˵ֻͽ̾κΣĵ£սľʱıԵΧ
һ֮սӦ֮սͬ
ӦŮֱӣսģʽ򵥴ֱֻƴ۶Ӯʤܣû
ҲȷԼΪѷھӦ̽׶ηѪȼԪ󷨵ĸԭ
ӦҲͬɫ꽣ǿƷ
ѿŮһ֮
ɵǣҲࡣ
ڰ׳ǰˮҶЦǰҲˡ
һʼǰ׳Ů类ҶЦΪ檣ȻŮ֪ԼУֹ檣Ҵ졣
һսȴ֮ս
лһִţղսȻΪҶЦͬʱ䣬жΪƽ֣йȻƴֵأ˶óʵѾһ
ûҶЦ׳Ľ룬ⳡսӦԻظشҶ׵жԣͬ죡
вǷһ飬ôԼϻȥ
ӵĽаۡ
췽ͻȻƶ䣬˷ۼ˲γһƴӱâֱֱһֱǿսм䡣
һƶ֮ϣһ·ƮȻȥ
ɹӣڲ֮䣬衣
ƶ֮񣬶˵ʵ
һĻ֣ж̾ΪֹʹҶ쳾ȳҲ˲ʱޡ
ۼױȡ
Ű׹ƶ֮֮㣻˼޸һȻ鴫ʤ
ƶ֮Ȼƶ֮ʢ֮²ʿ
׹ӵø
һƬ֮䣬ȴ췽Ȼӿһɿ񱩵ı䣬֮ϯءȻĪ
ɾأԳǿ˲ʱ˱ѩͬ޴ľӣӳ˺֣
漴һӰȻ١
ٻӰһ˱ϡ


537 ܾˣ
ٻӰ֮䣬ȴӰıӳ֣Ȼ״ֻƬ̣ˢˢˢһƬıϵӰͬһջء
ջһ˴ԼĹӰ
һ£׿Ȼѩ֮УӣȻ
ݼµĶԱȣȴ˵ǰΪ֮һ
޲ɫ壡
֮գ߸ϣ
ǣݾף
캮ķΧ֮Уһɹ¸߾Ȼ֮ȻȻһָ߸ϣĸо
ȻǱƶӸ˼䣬ô߾ǹ㺮쳾
˼ʻδʼʽսȻǰȴѾ˶񫡣
˾ɫˣƽܼһѾǲ벻ˣԷˣ涷ޣοƽӣ
֮ȴʼԵһ棻յüգȻ˫޶ԣĿ˵
ĵƶ֮ĴĲ˵ܹ봫˵֮˽֣ҵĿ¡
һƶһ߸ϣ߷ɣɧ
šˢһжȻһ籣ƶˣ徣ΪսΪա
Ѷɲ֮䣬ƻ˾ţ˺ϣ̧ȥĿؾ޶ĿѤúɫ
â֮У׳Ŀһһվ
õıǺ쳾õĵ֮һƥ籣ȻȴԱԪһıƴ˱ĵر죬֮аҶЦĽҲҪݣ֮촫˵еľƷ಻ضã˵һᲢá汸ֱ
ıײһֻ֣Ҫһ֣佫߾ȫһսٲκأ
˼ǰһǴκ¾ؾ࣬߰˵˵ѪȾ˴أ籵ĻȾ˲죡
Ƹ¥һĨΪĿ籵ޱƣеЩƬΣݱ䱾ʹķţƶȻһĨȴ֪Լ΢ĩкܱһ
׳֪ĸԣէ֪սʤģԭ͸һĲͻʺɤۣȥˣ
Ŵ籷ޱߵžȻ̬֮ƶŮ˲ΪŮˣΪˣΪҵˣ˴һϸþһսŲģ
˵գһֻֻ䣬ˣϸۣȻȻһգ
ϣ
ǹΪĳ͵ؽ֯һ𣬺Ȼ£ǹص˪ٻۣ˲ʱͻһڽ
˽ѩס
磬ҡ𣬽ⳤǹ貣һɫƵ֫ϵһ㣬
۱ΪΪڣһǶ䣬һ
ѩĻֺ뽣ıϣһ쳤磬ӿնֱǰϲ֮һͬص籡
һ⣬ͬǴƵ磬ԺƺƵ޾ƣǿͻһһ󣬸гǿյıѩޱߺɽХһĴȻһһ޻֮ƣ
һĻɵӾֱӾǵ߸Եģ
ϵ۷֮ս
ƶ֮ԺΪ㣬ʲƻΪãӿֱзӿ׳ȻĪ֮ơ
ȻȴǶɽǿ֮ۺϱ֮ϣһǬ
ƶ֮ȻǾȻ̬֮ȴһ޻صĺȻƣ
о״ŮγɵսΧȴ˵ۼ˵˿Ŀ
ʹʶǲݵն״ȴֲĴκһ㣬ΨִһĻѷ˹
»ȴֿ쵽˼籲
䣡
ǰޱէ֣Ӱ𿪣ǳͬʱ˸ң˲䱩ɢɽɲǱ
ڵļ³
صİ֮УһƣһźӰ༲ľٶչ棬Ƭ֮䣬˱ѾУ
ƵĺХԾңɽѷǷʯ˼ѵɽ߽⣬˱˴ľ硣һܹһɽεض
ȥ

էȻ⣬ѭȥȴ˽սе£ʲôʹ˸ǹ⣬Ҳһȫ
һ̣ΨһһڵӰڿƮ費ǰҶϱǧ޶ˣһ˲һֱŮĺ볤Ȼֻʮ֮󣬲ͻȻ䱬ѣռָ
ǹٴοʼ˸
һ쳣ҵĽ֮֮࣬ǰŮıȫʧоֻɫ̴棬һһңһһһأԻ籣һԾɽ˪ңңš
һһȻǰ֮УȻһƮ
籷ֱ߽죬֮Ƭ򶼱˺ɫ
ʮɣɣǧɡ
籲ϵӳȥȫȻûоͷһ㣬Ƭǿգͬ˸ǹ⣬ȫ˺ɫ
ͬĹͬɾӨʯһ㣬ǵɽһ㣬ƬǿϤ˱֮ɽ
֮ɽҪһ㣡
б
񹦵۷α־
Զ˿̵Ůóѹ׵񹦣
һ˵һ
ȥ޵һ
Ը˼ѧϣϣҪʤһ˿ƣҪԶԶļ֮ϣ
Եʻᣬһʽ񹦵Ĺ٣ѵ֮У֮ǰ˳֪񹦵ȷ;֮£Ϊٳ߸ͷһ֮ͬдԵľӦҪһ
ŮչֳʵҪ߶֮ϣ巽۵ļʵķɣһֵþ̾̾Ϊֹ
Ҷ쳾Ůչֳľʵ̲ס̾һҺԳ־ս֡ҲͲˡ
ƲƲ죬ޣʵ˵ԶˣǼһսܼλŮսôĿ
Ҷ쳾ʱһӺߡ
Ϲ˵ʲôʵ׷һžͽһ߷ˡ
һХ
ȴȶˡ
ѾͨİգĽǰ㣬ѹԺƵ֮ƣ
·ǿգЭĹ
ۼԷгңңһָźХ˰ǿ֮ɽͬȻĪ֮ƣ͵س˹
һһ£ƾȾɫǿƿ
һһ£˶֮ɽҲԺʾĶԹ֮Ʒ˶
浾ˮŮޣԱֵ˱
Ҷ쳾۵ǿߣʶַһǸ׾̾
˭뵽λӵ˶սʱ̣Ȼ˿񱩵ҰʽԾ
ƫƫֱ˴Ӿȴױȵġ
ڳĿϢĵȴ֮УںƺƵһ㣬Ʋɵĺޱȿ񱩵ķʽȻײһ
˲ʱ֮䣬ûǿգ
һʱ䶼Ŀɿڴ״̬֮УȻصȴһսս
ҶЦ۶ɫ۾΢΢ɢһɱ
֮Եģ׳ֶһŭ촽΢΢
ҵĳײ˷ХâǴ󣬶Ǿҵҡ
۽սɫأҲͲˡ
Ӫ׷һקȻΣÿÿĿ
ڰ׷￴Ѿ޳̶ȵܣȻѾ˥˽
ȻȻȻÿȻĿ֮սڹս߶ԣعͣߺգֻŮʵˣ˵òʵأĻǺÿĿ
׷һʱȻ¾طˡ˵ĺеҾ֪
飡
ϱ˫âͬʱƿ
ͬһʱ䣬ҶЦ׳ȳ˳ȥ
мȶײನڣ񷶥֮ӪǿտռĿɡ
ľڿĴܼһӵɱߵܣķΧ
˼ʵĿУȴӰȫʶƮƮ¡
һζײ֮ڵһʱʧȥʶ׻ԹȥǿһؽǳΪãԴΪԼȫΪ뾫߶
ˣ˵ķʽƴ
˶еȫڹػȻ͵͵㣬һ֮Գನ˺ҲͬĴ󣬴Ѱ
ŮΪߣظǳܳನֻ¾Ҫһغɢ
ҶЦһѾĽ˻İ׳ཫڻ̳֮ңңԣؿ˶ԷеһĨЦ


538 սʱ̣ʣ
۱ֻħ˵Ů˾Ȼô˵
ƫƫ˻ɶ˵Ӹ
˴˼ʲô˵ȴֻ޾ĸж
ԼŮ˶Ϊˣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
ԵͷҶЦ׳ͬʱ֣սƽ֣
漴ð׽췣عâǡ
ڵĹΪʵν췣˵Ȼ˵ȫ壬ѾȫԳܵסķΧҪ⡣
һƽ֣ϱ˫֧ػҪһЩ
ҶЦ˳սһ֣׳ǱߣܶҲһ㣬ʵʵԾѹɻʤһֵ֣ʤҲҶ쳾ͶǱٸһ֡
ˣǱ߱ߵķ֣ԼȻֻǸͣ
ķȻ̳ޱȣԼ߾Ȼ㶯ûС
ôʲô¡۱ףѵҲ𣿣
սۻܴǳء
۱»üҵսйһе뱯ߣȴû뵽üûʲô¡
ҾεҲãһվҪġ
Ľ֮˲սǶҶЦһ˳·սûʲô˵ģȻٶ϶һߵʱȴƴ˺ݾһ
ҪȻɾֱӵˡ
Ƚڲ׵죬ֱӵףһû
ˣвսԱ඼Ѿս˺üء
صˣӦǴ˳ж٣иеͣȺƽƾսˣӮҶЦ׳Ҳûٸԣ
Ҷ쳾һֻʣ²ķ֮һ˺⡣
Ǳ߸ң֮Ҷ쳾Ҫ磬ֻʣˡ
ҶЦͰ׳ϱ˫죬Ҳ߳ɶЩѡ
ȻҪȥļսˣڸǿ֮Ľսˡ
巽֮սʽĻ
Ԥϵǡ
Ҷ쳾ۣжۣͬʱ˳
ǵ޼ȥֻӮҪˡ㵱ӮˣЩҲǱˮнˣֱ䣬սվǴ֮ˣԾͽʣ˵һݽڴ֮ˣǡ֣˳£
۵Ҷ޻˵
Ȼһֱ֮ݱϱ˫ĶԾ
֮ǰϱս
һսˣ
ҶЦ׳
һս֮ս֮У񷶥ὣ֮Ҳ֮е
Ŀ֮£ҶЦնо⣬һ׳һս
׳һХ֮࣬ЦҶЦڵ˽ʱյزұڴıһսҿ˭
δ䣬׳ƽһӶ
ʽⳡս
˭ܿó˿̵İ׳Ľս⣬ֻҪһȥҶЦ֣ȻǾ֮ս
ֻҪղŮ֮ս㲻֮սҳ̶Ƚȥεȳ̶ȣֻõļƲϱռ֮սſ⣡
֮սҪľսΪ쳾սʷһҳո´˵
һ̣֮սǰϦֱҸȻ
׹ͻȻֱԭţһսתΪŵľԼ֮ɫ
漴׳һڵɫѪô׵˳һɫѪ
޳Ҳֲ֧סƽɽһȥأԷһߵŭ𣺡ҶЦ㱰ɣ
һŭ𣬵ͺͬžѪɽϿԳ
ҶЦ״ȴǹЦ׹ӣػһսһ֤˭
ίڵصİ׳أԴڴڵĲͣѪ˻˵ҶЦұΪǸӢۣû뵽¾ȻҲ˵ı޳ܣҿ㣡
ҶЦ־Цݣ֣ʤܱ͸õ伫ѵֻƶˣͲҲһôҶЦڼԼǺˣ뵱Ȼ˵ǰֵ˽ԣȡе˺ɣ
ҶЦ˼ʵЦǵ˵緢˵а
֮ǰһսţС¶âܶһֱâʵʵĴţ˼ȴ׿ʶشһ
˳׹ߣʢӣôˣ
ħͷ˼ʶ԰׳Ĺ˿٣׳ڴԸĻʯʧ˼ʾ׳⣬ǴʧɫԮ
ܶĻǴ顢֮ҶЦ֪ܶΪ֮ˣųɾŶǴʴ塢嵨ɹ᳦ĵĴӢ۴ʿҶЦῴֱһòȻеŮ潡ﲻ֪ɹµ¹ޣ
ܶ̾ϢҶЦҶүıȻ˵Ҫ˵͹ȥˣ˫ħ赣޵УҺαٷѾ׳аһ۵ļһ
ŮҲʧĳ˹ֹ侹޴룬ԼµľѾȥһ£
˿ʲôҲ֪Դֱ뾪ţԴԱģȴǰҲ˼ٵġ
ǸҶЦüؽ֮ˣ֪ҶЦǵǺˣļı㲻ڹ֮£ǾҽʦƷʦѣһ־ʯ쾪ţҶЦ˼ֻ¹Ӵ˴תˡ
ӣôˡһӾŵõ˳ҪҰ
ҡ
׳ŬϢĿ壺ҡҶЦļơҶЦ˵˵ãҡ
ƣʲôȫȻԡ
ӽиҶЦչôйôôȫȻ֪أ
ܶôҲãȴ۾
ҶЦˣթǿ϶ˣʲôʱˣüأҵ۾
ⲻӦð
ܶ˵һһ־ʹ˰׹ӵϽȷ׳ǰ״̬
˲ʱ֮£ȴ͵һ۾һѿڶ֮
һ˲ܶȻЩãȻˡ
ڴ֮ǰ׳֧أ״ݣȴԾɴаգϾ۰׳еʲô㣬綾ʲôãֻҪԼֵ֣´󼪡
û뵽ǣ׳ŵİ㣬еľ綾ǡþǴеǼԼ˵涾֮һ
֮
ν֮ǧԹԹ֮ѹ֮ڣԹ֮֮֮޷Ȼݣȴ֮תΪ֮ǵ֮ӵк֮ȡ׳䱾ֱ׺ľԪ񳹵߽⣬⣬νľɱ֮
ܶΪۣһо綾ǿ֮ǰֻݿһĳ𣬿ֲ֮֮֮Ϊһٲֱ˴֮⣬֧ԮԪɲˣתΪиɣ֮ܶԪûãֻᱻ֮ɣһˣ˰׳ޣͻֱӽ׳ű
ܶ˲ʱóһۣ¶̫ˣ
ƫƫȽҪʱ̣˶̻ô򣿣
׳ŬĴϢţҧгݵҾ֪һԼȻı飬ȴû뵽ıȻԼϣƣƣ
ҶЦ㵱ñɡ
ֻһ˲䣬׳ɫѾתΪҰףܹܶĲ׹ڵľΪʢҲѸʧ
ʧٶȣƿֲʹ԰׳ΪҲֲ֧̫á
˵ģҶЦҽ߼ޣʼ֮Ʒ༶ҲѰߣܶѸжϣ
ȲҪ˵ƽľδؾ䶨ˡܶľħ˲ʱȻ糱ˮһӿ׹ڣһ̣λħܶҲоצӡ
ΪסԪʧٶȡ
ۼ׳Σֹ֪ʣܶԾԪ׳ʱסԪʧֻҪ׳Ԫлأ
ˣܰס˶ҹӲдҲ޼¡׳Ȼʱ򱬷λܹӢ棬Ī˵״Ұ糣ҶЦҲͲʤѣοڡ
ҶЦټãһȻû⡭һоʹ˶顭
ǺĻµҶ˫Ҷ֮ĹϵҲûҶ£ҸֻоǸͬģۺҪҴö࣬ʤɲ٣Ȼᾡٳɴ£ƶȴӵ֮У˭뵽µһԾӵҶ쳾ǿԯԸãҶЦλ
׳Ϣţ֮ʱʮԼҶֳ徣ȫǻӣȫΪҶЦڻȫǼ󣡡
ڡǰ״׼ˣ˵ǰʱ̣ҸȴôԶȻ˳졢ƿ֮УգΣҲֻҺҶЦ˵ռԾ
ע顣
ڵǰ΢ʱ̣ڵļܲսʤΪ飡
ü㣡
Ļ
׳Ȼ̾ԸһСĽŲߣȴҲû뵽ԵĸͷȻļıϡ
ŵŰ׳˵أԲţѵģ
ҶЦȱСˣ


539 ҽ
棬ҶЦ½׳ز㵹ǲһս
˫𣬻Ȼվȥ
ȥ֮ǳȥô£׳ǿ͵㵱ǳȥһ;ѵĽѵǷҪʧȥ֮󣬻ҪʧȥŮˣҼȻ¶ľ֣һܵľԸķ䣬˾ˣ
档
ҲǾܹ֮սܣҲܹʧܡ
ȴܽ˵ķʽֱƵʧܣ
һеУױȡ
ܶͷðڵİڳһⶾȻԵƥʱѾסˣֻҪֹУǣһԪʧأٶȷǾǻ֮ʱ
׳Ŀ񣺡лԮ֣Ұ׳ԸСĽģ˼һͿأ
ܶ˼ҲһƬãȻۿżȶĿҪɣƫƫʱ̣⣬һ̱ҸȴͷβĴֲ޴룡
֮ǰһֱСЩ֮ս˵伫ôֶΣۡ㲼ƣһֱʱֶ̲Σ˵ã̾Ϊֹ׹֮ǰԥ뻳ɹȻǶԵġȻо޴ıҵʵڲäĿֹۣٳɴ˾֣ҾҲǵǰӾ֣
ھʣò֣ôԼȫ̼ƻˮһգ
ҪΪǸʲôҶЦ£
ôԼܹ쳾ȫˣʲô壿Ҫܵų⣡
˵ˣǴһȥһԼģ
뵽ܶҪ쳤Х˷йԼеơ
ǡٲԸΣԼֻ֮ǿѹ֣иΪ׳϶޷սģ˾֡Ȼ޽⣿
棬ҶЦſ޼ɵ׳ٲֻ¾ͻᱻֱжܾˣ㵹ǳô£ԸžŰɣ֮ҿ˰
δ䣬һ־ĴЦ
׳ΡΡվһɫ룡Ұ׳ȻһҲҪһս
˵žҪս
ǧ𰡡ܶæסڳȥһΪӲɲ˵Ƭ֮ҪٷֱӾǰװ޲
ʲô취ƽױС𣿣׳ܶͻȻ͵ס
漴۾ͻȻµĹʣͻȻЦƾȻ޾֮·ҿҶЦܵãԴɵûԸɵļ
ܶԴϲϣʵʲô취ԷΪʤô
׳Цܶ㲻ǧ򻯵ô
ܶʱһˮãȻ
׳һĺɸ֣ʲôȻǧ򻯵㱾ʵǰ϶µһǿսذɣǾ㻯ҵӳսͳҶЦҶ¶ѵƴʤ𣿣ļ򲻿ΪģҶЦˣԹˣ
Ȿǰ׳ƻõ·Լ߳⣬ܶΪȫ϶Ը£ȥҶЦһսû뵽ǣ쵰ħͷӾȻúһͷһ㡣
ôʾôʾֱӶʾˣȻײƵð׹Ӳò·ȥҪٳһ
ջ·ܶ϶˵Ҫȥһǧ򻯣Իս
׳ͻ˳ˮۣ̫ˣ
һﾹȻһͷβĺԴȫת䣬ȴμ
趨õľ籾ȻԾܹõϣǣȴҪ׳ǺԼһȫˣߴԼҶЦֱ̯սζ׹ʵڲζڶ顭
ҳս𣿡
ܶȻһգ۾һֹ
ݣ׳ʵ̲ס໰ûôĻˡ
㲻ս˭ܳս˵߻˭ܹҶЦĶ֣㲻ĿԸ𣿡׳Ҫŭˡ
һˣһɵƣǾⲻ˵ġ
νǧǱһʧǧǱһãǰ߽п߱ΪӦܿȴûп
úúãôˣȷʵõİ취ԼսҪգΪʲôأ֮ǰôû뵽أ۶࣬𱰱ɣǸҶЦҪɣܶʱԾԾԡ


540 Ⱥ
ߣǴӦòãˣ˵ЩʲôãϽ仯ҵӡ
׳һ
ãģһкҰ죡
ܶ˵ձҡһ䣬ʱһ׳Ȼգգ۾ֿ죺զǲǺ񣿡
δ䣬Ȼž͵ŤŤƨɡ
һĻŭڣֱ޿̣˽ⲣҲ̫ɶ˰
׳һĺߣƵ˼㣺ҵǱƻһɾĿˣ֪
棬ҶЦ׳׹ӣô˰ɣҲҲǸϾɱ֮ˣȻ·ߣ
֮УֵΣֱ˷е㡣
ȻâһХȴһѩ׵Ӱһ١
Ŀţ棬磬˵ڣǰ׳
ҶЦʴʣ˵̫ѵӻ㲻ɣ
Ҳǰ׹ӵֻҪϤ׹ӵˣľܾԾĵط磬԰׹ڼĶţ˵ǣνӡƣֻ´Ҳǲڵģ
ҶЦʶ˳飬ֻ仰Ѿȷ׳Ǳ߸㶨ɹؽһ˳
ңȻ׳һôؾѾһʵĵ߰˰ˡ
ΪǼһȻһ˸߲ҵӡ
ȻˣǾͳһҶЦһУ׵ľͳһý⻮ǿգȻ
ܶҪ˵仰滰û뵽ҶЦȻôɴֱ࣬ӾͶˡ
пΪɻôֱӶ֣ɱԼ˵Ķ˱¶Σ
Ƕ˵ֱӭ
ȴҶЦ෢һХ֮к쳾
һХҶЦӶȻһתһȻ˳
֣Ӱڿʧ
ȴߺ쳾߾ȫӪĻռ֮С
һͬĳϣڳ˾Ϊ֮һ
վսҪʼضս˫һգ۾Ͳˣ
ȥˣ
ʲô
֪˼ʵҶ쳾ԯ׳֮⣬߾ʧɫŮ붫ۺŮ֮Ҵ˼ʳսķǹӱ˶ܶۺȴΪǰ׳ʧݣ⽹
λ˽״ŴһԼʧλһȴһƴȻֹعƽǴȻǰ׳Ϊĸ԰꣬ǰһս˶׿ʾ⣬ۺȻ֪бȻʱȻ
׹ߵ˰ռڵĴսȴǷδ
ܶȻԼռȴ޵ʵԼΪȻ˴룬ǣԸǰСһֵģ
ĿĹ֮£ȴ˶ҶЦһ֣Ӧ˳Ůǳ֣һֱ붯к
Ůǳ֣µ֮˲ʱռ䣡
ΪҶЦڵòȻﱰΪֱ֪ܶڻûԾŭҶЦ㵱ñɣֵ񷶥ὣսȻԶ֮£Ⱥң㻹Ҫ
ҶЦһѵǶԸ㻹Ҫʲô𣡡
ܶɭɭЦЦڿԹȻ飬ҶЦйȴԱУ¶ˣҲֻ·һҶЦɣ
Ůļ֮˲ܶĻֳ״̬Ĺɽ֮ƣ
ܶš䡱һ죬ʱƬ
ǳˣδע棬Ƭ䶯Ƭ̣㻯ƺ̣Ƶĺٴ㺣һĻһٶȻ˰׳
Ӧжϣ׳ʵûа
ҶЦдҺΣҵһΣҵʵҲ˿𣡡ܶЦȴǱ˰׳
ȻħԾûвǰһľ֣ħ޴̶սһ㣬һˣ
ҶЦһٶһ֣һ֮һμӴȣռ䣬ʼ߲
ٴͬʱ֣ܶǻŵ⳰ЦݣȴѾһα顣
ԾòûκεãƬ̣̻֮ǰһΣ
һжǰһûзֱΨںεʱ̣׹ȻȴǶէ֣
һӳ˳ٶȽֿ֮࣬ڿһת͵ſ죬һڽɢƬһ̵ʮ֮һ
漴ǡһٶȲط޾ռ䡣


541 Ǹ
ڶԣܶڲͬ壬λѹƼ֮⣬ǱҪ֮󣬲ٴ֮һԽܶħƬȫȥĻ޷пܱᣬǵַΪ飬̬µķչһжҪ군
ȻħԴһʧ˽ɣԾɲָֻܶһεĻظ֮࣬ȴ䷢һĲҺʲôǸ
ҶЦȫᣬԻ֣߶Ůٷơ
ٶܶԾȫ޿صı飡
ҶЦȫ׼֮£ֵܶĻᶼûУôһνһεĴ飡
һ˳ҶЦ˳⣬жֵĥħԴߺռĸħֻʱ⣡
ʱ⣬ڶԷڼ
ܶħԴܼԶԤڣħԴ֮ԶԤڣŮֹƣÿһҪŮܵޣǰ׼Ĵ鵤ҶЦԪҲԾó֡
ԼһյĹ֮󣬾㺹죬ȴ֧֮ʣƵһߺ쳾ĸռڸɲס鿩֨֨ѵڡ
һι֮Ȼ飡
˴˫˵Ӱʱ³ǿ֮С
Ŀ巽ͬʱ󻩡
۰ŭһؾԶ٣дҪ
ʹղа׳裬Ծ̲סҪϾڱĸΧŴܶڻǰ׳ӡ
ײҪż
һ׹ӵӰȻڶâ֮⣬漴߽ȥס˰죺ǲң
ɲǼĿ壬Щ˹ȥ
ǰİ׳ԼĶӣôϱҶЦΧİ׳ȴ˭
ǵڸʲô
۴˿̸еԼܷŭŭɶоԼȫڹʲô鶼ûиԼȫ֪ö۷ǳˬһеʼٸ֮һԼĶӡ
˵׸оºٸʽ׳ҪģǸɵںҶЦսħͷħΣݣ
ħͷ̧ۿڷսˣųǸŰ׳ͷҺӣл̲סһ
ֻڰ쿴ҶЦռȫϷ磬սսνħͷֻʱ⣬ƶ˵ôնɣ
ʧȥߺ쳾ĿռǣƣܶڿʼַѾ˲ɣʧܶʹ
ΰ׳ǲʵֻҪһͷ籬ըһʹ˼ȴֺ޲ýڵܶ˵Ӳŵһʹս
ڻԺ֪ǰ״
ڶû֣ԼʵǱˣһǱҶЦ׳Ƶġ
Ϊڴˣܶأǿʹάֻ׳ģƴսΨƻ˼ȶơ
ȻֻòһյĹ򣬵ܶħѾȺ󱻴ʮΡ
ǵܹԼĹӰȴҲûٳ֣ܶвٰһЩ
ϾԼħܶԼʵ˺ֻҪǰӰٳ֣ʤԾԼģ
ϧԸΥһٶȳ֡
ҶЦһȣ
Ůͬʱ߳һٶַһȴ߶޹壬֮һԵĴ˳Ӧڣ˼֮ޣһ˲䱬ĺҳ̶ȣģǰҶЦҲ
ܶһҺδȫ͵һα飬ǰ׾Թ϶һļӹСһţһξ֮һĺһ£
Ȼٶʧ
۵ʱѾǰ׹ӵģ
ܴܶղֱһ˸ߴ֮һħԴѾɥʧӽҲάְ׳ջһڿвϵʹı仯״¡
ʹ˻˻𡭡
˼˶ĲԾ
ôһ£ʲôؿÿֲӣ
ܶòײŻָһ㼴һ̣ɼɶȥ
ѾжϳټȥԼʮ֮˾Żᱻǲ֪ʲôİӰԵһɶκκۼ
Ȼ֪ǰӰΪΣΪʲôܹԼԴڵˣʲôȶ׳ԼƣܲˣԱΪȣ߽Բۣ
ϾȻûûδ
ȻԼһȻʧ룬𣬵֮ǰԼĿռȥҪڹγ֮ǰģľʵܣԼвǰӰҪɵڶ֮һħԴҲҪһʱ䣬˵Լ߻Ǻаյģ
ܶߣ


542 ħͷĩ·
ҶЦһȣϼԪһڵһܶϼԪ죬ǵúʱһͣƻжλЧһľϤк©
α֮еḷ́ȫڿУֱ֮󣬲ٶȻΪƬ
֮ܶǰʵȫʹ֮ľ֮Ҳγ̫ʱıͻᱻ飬»ۡΣܴܶ޷ٵһʱ⣬иܻع鵽ԭеģʽҶЦŮ˾ĸ
ȻܶԣһҪȴ˿״Ϊ𾪡
ô֪ҽܶҵ־ֻа׹ӻŮ֪Ƹ¥ĸ߲㶼֪֪֪ˡ񲻾˵
һ
ڿٶȻΪƬܶһοǻ˺óʱ䣬ŵ壬һ˫ǷŨʹвȴؿҶЦ㡭ô֪
ҶЦЦħ˵ö֮㲻ᵱΪĴǶôܰɣ
ħܶأԲţ˵˵
һЦ׳ӰƮȻڳУ΢Цܶ㲻Һġ
˼ʰ׳糣ﻹаоһϢӡ
ܶ׳ҶЦǴȫ״̬İ׳ɲǼȫˡ
ĿһĿŰ׳һ˵׳ãƭҺã
׳˵ᱻƭֻΪ̫ˡ
ܶ޵óӶˣҧгݵԭһУȻƺרſӺҵģѹָҵĹԣ
׳ЦЦܶﱾһ󡣶ڴ˵һ𣬶ڴõ״
ܶ˻˵׳ԼҸǰô飬ѵֻƾһƲҵĹϵ浱Լʲôö𣡣
׳΢ЦҺһ̿ʼҾı˾֣һн԰ΪǰᣡҪȻΪĲ֣ɵģ
ҶЦ֮ЦЦоĳ֮⡣
ܶŭѾһ룬νѾԶǰλǿγвħͷԣﻹ棬ͻˣ
׳˵֮ǰӦҺΪ˽մ˾֣ˣ֮ǰʵҽɵȫ³ԴΪһ֡
ȫҵĹƣ
󣬸ܹҵܹ֮ʳֻܶ˵˵ţҲĽһж׳Ǹˣ
˵ĲһУơ׳嵭ЦԸȴݵĻ̥ʹκֶҲǸȻֻһʼһԸΪһ쳾죬ΪһʵĸͷħףǰȻĿ·˰ɡ
ܶ˻𣺡׳ΪѾӮھһɱ𣿡
ҶЦٺЦܶǶԣܲɱʵҪΪ˶߾ȫĳԣֱɱ㣬𣬳Ϊֹ
ܶ쳤Хһλһ̣ռڶȥһ̣ٶȾǰδеĿ졣
ֻǣҶЦ׳Цſһ̶ѣ˭ûг
Թв졣
ѵΪԷأ˸˫˫յǵˣⳡħƹһ
ˣ
ۣȴƺ͵ײĳϣҲ֪̫̫ͣܶӦɢƬ̺»ظܶӡ
һðǵӣȻЩѣת¡
ΪʲôΪʲôϣܶĳ˿־Ľռ䡣
ԭ֪أһȻ񷶥ὣ֮⣬ȴʣ۲
ΪʲôΪʲôϱ͸óְ׳΢Ц˵ܶڲվս
ܶҶЦĻ˵ˣʶķʵվսʲôվսվսͿʼ𣿣
׳һЦ׳գһսҺҶЦΪ㶥ҵӾܴҳսҳսи壬ڲչʱ̣
׳δ䣬㼴ҶЦͬʱˣȴһȻ⽣ι㣬ܶ߶
ܶ״ȴǲ˿壬һ֮䣬ѾϮĽϤҧгݵ׳νô˵СҲҺԿ䣬˵֪ܣ
׳ۼܶ׻⼺У˿Ϊ裬Цĳֻһӣһӣľϲˣ
ǻδ䣬Ȼ֮ڣ磬գͬһɫľߣܶȥȻ׺䶥֮
һ±øӵıҸܶҲ벻д˾䣬Ȼ֮ǰҲпҶЦ񷶥սֶ׹һֻṥս֮ˣҲ˵ãͲУԼûиս֣ػ
˵ս־ҪŮҲս֮У׵ôǣУ׵Ҳ̫һɣһУȻڱɢԾɲͣͣȻԼҲôɡ
ѵҲ²˵Ҳ̫ɶ˰ɣ
ܶŭΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôһˣûս
ҶЦȻΪ֮˵ûɶ壬λ治֮ǰΪʲôڸ㽻ֵĵһʱͽǻռ֮УȻͻһͻϮ˼ԭҪ˿̵׺䶥ֻǶŰ׳ӳսս֮ûսݣ֮Ҹ׳վսûʼ
׳˵ǵǷռ߽⣬ػս֮ǰվսûпʼֱҲսַΧվսʽʼ
ܶһͨͣķʵҲ԰Ϊʲôֻңڵս߷ֹһˣ
ҶЦһЦҪҸ׹һǳˣսеˣǾˣһ߰׳ߣǸ˴սҪܼս֮鹥֮ǰʱҲҪܵ׹򣬵ǡս֣֣㲻սȻ⵽׹
׳ǺЦ˵ͬʱһˣʵҲ൱ͬʱˣȻҪܵصգܶ
ܶԻȻȴԴУܣܣɽ̨񷶥ὣǣеԳɸ֣ܱǶϤô͸޿ܣ޿ܣ
ҶЦһ㶣һŵԭ׹˵ε޴һţΪܹвħֻ̥ôҲ൱Ļģԭν죬Դտ˵þǸ°ѵ㲻֪ɽҸҶֲµģʹ죬һЩ趨ǻǿԴ£ȴݵĴڣԶǵһصȼƬճɵʱȷʵֻһսųսǿߵγƬǿա
Щ˳󷨹켣ʲȥڵǿսѾһβƵĽռ䣡
жٽսĸ֣ǵķܣжǿ֮ڣֱ˻񷶥ὣս
һʼʱ֮ƾٶȺֶΣҪӳȥֻ׾ٵĵ¡ڣʵֻһ;ˡ
˸â󣬲ԽУͬʱ˶棬ҪϣΨɱһˣսŻᣬϲŻʧָħ壬ҪҲûκɡ
ֻϧǿ֮㽻սģȫרſˡ
ǿֹĽһδαһδεĳ⣡
׳΢Ц㹻ʵҲ㹻һֱ㳹ɱƬǿգ㲻κλᣬ;Ψлޣ
ܶĿǾ˵㡭Ǻúݶ
ܳǿѣֻǿս֮Уܹ˶ԾǵħԴİӰֻܶ·һ
ڳİ׳ҶЦӦ˳ˣ׳ԵҶ壻ҶЦ޾ռ䣬ǲħͷɣ˳ӦŮÿ϶һ֮壬ܶҪһα˲ס
ܶʵһ⣬ѸǿѣǱӺ񣬳õķȥȵ٣ܶѳĽ֣
£ܶйֶΣΣ˭ûʤ㣡
ȻѾھأԱܶͻأЦˣ׳ҶЦڵ֮ˣΪǾӮ˵ħ;ĩ··һֻϧħз֮УС֪࣬˵ֶΣ
׳ҶЦԵʱһ˽ʾ֭Ѿ˼ĸ߶սֶΣʼٳɴ˾֣ѾħضԷеδ


543 ɣ
ܶЦ׳Ҳʧţֻȥܣǧ𾳸߽ߣ֪ħѽħԴֲǧʶ֮УħʹѲʢ֮ʱɣܺϣǧ˿ɻҵƿ֮УǧͻȻѣǷܴ溳أ
׳ʱɫһ䣬ͬԳһ磬Ϊ㻹繵ͨϵֻҪ㣬зǧϵħԴֹ
ܶЦ磺֪ô״ӣֻϧ뷨ԴΪȷʵԷߣֻϧҵħԴߣʵͻһ£ǽһħͳȥȴһ£ֻħǧʶ֮еħҵʵͻظ˳ϣʤԾҵģ˵þǣ
˵գԭʹǿϱԵܶٶȻ̣޶ȵճǿϣȻ˵ǷԿţȷ£
׳ɫٱ䣬кҶЦ㼴ȳ֣֮䣬㣬ħǴΧ޲𹥻
ħЦ鼰ǿգ׳Ĺͽͣгħ޷һ£ĹȴͬôɢĹƣգǭ¿𡭡ʲôǡ
ħּһ㣬ЦȻֹǳʹŭԭ۲ɼǿȴȾһ⣬޷ƣ
ҶЦЦţֶħҪ·ֱ̣ǳ룡
ȴҶЦ֣񹦹ǿ֮ϣħԴȻߣȷʵ֮ϣϺųصһ񹦵ȴǴ󲻼ϼܸпħԴ֮Чϼܼӳǿ֮ϣܶǸɵûޣħҲȥ
׹ӼҶЦչܶħϲȴԲ˿ٶȷƣȴǽ۽ЧȻ
ܶۼһŻ޹֪ŭХţƴ֮Ű׳߳
Զ׼Ƭ֮䣬޵˲ҶЦǰ׳
߿˵ܶλΪʵѾȫ泬Խ˺쳾ĳħͷǱ׳һĻӵ浽ġ
һ֮УܶǲϵϣȫȫԼ롭ΪԼôһ壡
ܶڰ׳ĺ⣬ѾȥγԹĵز
ҶЦ˲ϵĳ֣һδνܶᣬͣͣ
λħͷȴһһεĲϽϵһι
ΧжٵˣеĿȴֻһ
׳
ڡ
һεĳ֮󣬶ӰȻ֣ѾħͷһħԴĶΪʵдٴλ̵ܶſ죬羨̺һ㣬ܶʣµƬȫɵøɸɾ
һƺ˵ĲҺ֮;ϡ
׳ҡ
ܶȻֹ
ǷݳصԹȴƺһƬǿ֮С
ҶЦпǾҲδܹһĵĶƤȻۿɼĹ
ͬʱҶЦظо
ԼľŴռ䣬һ̳Բ
ˣ޾ռ䳹׵Ľϡ
֮ǣ񹦺漸Ŀھȫֵǰ
ֻҪԼ뿴ģʱܿ
ȫķͨǿǿ֮·Լ˵Ѿã
ֻʣһ۵Ḷ́
ҶЦûѡھͽףǽεͻѹȥ
Լ׹֮䣬һս
ҶЦڽף׹ӱٲ߱ԼΪеʸ
ôôõĴУȫ塣
ڰ׹ӱ˵Ҳһ޴
ҶЦ׳Ĵ
ڼǺ£
㺹죬ھ˶ܶչٴϵı֮Ů;ƿݣ֮ǰŮδֵܹ֧
ҶЦæÿ˷һŵϢԪĵҩ֮˻ȥ
һսУŮѾ̫̫ĻԪ鵤ٷҩֻ»˵ĸ˺ǷϢҩΪ֢
У׳һֱĿضҶЦ
ɫ֮
׹ӺҲղſǺĸоҶЦƺһ޿ƥеͣһһɽХʽˮɡ
ȻֿɵõܱҶЦѹȥˡ
ҶЦΪʲôҪѹȥ


544 һͳ
׳ģǸʱʶ͵һ
ͬʱһ
ƺǸʱǸ˲䣬ҶЦһ·ʼҪӣҪ׷ԼľУһ˺Լľ룡
ԼңԶңԶ
ǡϵǳ
ԼȻԿõȴԶҲֿܴɼĸо
ҲȵԼ津ǿǳʱ򣬲Żᷢ֡ǿǳôľ޴
Ȼݸоð׳һݡעĸп
ĸп
ҶЦŮͻâ֮ٻͷҪ׹˵˳һ۵ʱȴȻ񷶥֮ϵֻһƬգĿǿտյ
׹ӾѲ֪ȥ
ҶЦתæɨӪȴֻâŻڹرա׳ӰʹӰ١
Ƭ̣ƶ֮֮ͬʱɫ쳣ҶЦҶҼҹ˵˴֮ս֮ǷƸ¥䣡
ҶЦʱȻʧΪʲôսδ׹ء
ӵ˵˵˹֪֮巽ˣ񷶥ὣȷȻҶþ¡ǷƸ¥ϰܷ䣬Ӵ˳·
쳾Ҳȷʵһͳʱ򡣹ֵһսܣͨǹۡһ巽˵ʱ򣬹ҲٶƽϡҶ˷ȥֲðˡǷƸ¥ԻϣΪƬ쳾¾һ
˵꣬ǹضҶЦһ漴췭Ƹ¥Ķʮλ۷֣ȥ
ĽҶЦҶ쳾۰ˣȫĴ㵡
֪ħ֮ս֮¹۷һսڱС
һսֻҶЦͰ׳֮С
巽أҶ쳾ۻжۣѾȷʾ˳
˳սѾˡ
ν½Ա
ֻҽһսµʱ򣬾ĿһһվʱȴͻȻ֮Уһ棬Ҳˣǰզզذɣ
״Ϊ֮ץġ
ˣ
ֱˤ˱ӣٲκεȡ
ӽȫѹ˶עȴûϣͽעȫˣôǲս
ɫϣ¼Ȼİܼӣ
һڸ߲ɫ鴤
⻰˵Ĳڣ
ܼӣһ£ȻǼĶˡ
׳ôܼҵģȴʵʵǹֻһˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷЦһ
֪Ȼǰ׳ʲôֻ˵ǸоʲôսذܣһȫȻûʤİսһ֮
ôһߣȴԼˡ
ˣˡȴȫҡ
һȻôĻˣ
ҶЦЦõһ䡣
񷶥ὣ۶˼ʰ׹䣬Ҷĳʹ֮ȴ֮ӲҶЦһЦͻȻ񷶥֮ϵ֮ȥ
µȫ۾ǲ޵עš
Ȼһ̣ڳȫɴ۾
ΪĿĵ£ҶЦͻȻſԼȫľղŶԼͻʵѹ֣⿪е
һѹֽ٣ҶЦ˵ϢȻһֲֿٶȣڽ
һɹ羪κһ˲ʱϯǿأγǿɢ
ʹǧļâ󣬶էֵľǿƳҡҡ׹
ղţ㾳ǿȫһҲܴƵâǽ磻ղţǳԽ㾳缫޵ħͷƴҲ겻âǽ硭
ڣȻֻҶЦƳ֮£Ȼ
ָǺεƣεȰԵ
ҶЦΡȻվУƺ޾Ĺ
µأΨҶ
Ʋûоʹֹڿֲĳ֮С
֮ûȥá
ǽȻԭλϡ
Ȼԭֳҫǿ״̬֮ҶЦ״ӳ֮£ԵȻʧɫ޹⻪ɿԣ
Զ׼ʹǴΰҲȲҶЦ˿̵Ĺâɡ
֮ҲҶЦĹʶν֮ȴҶЦۣ֮
֮
ҶЦŶ˵˽ȻãԾȴһɡ׺쳾н޽ʲôֱ𣡡
δ䣬ҶЦƵƣڳ񷶥ͻռ䡣
ɾǧŰپʮ𾳸߽ȫǿ硣
֮ڵҶЦһǿ߾ۼһҪǿ
ʹǴ˴ǿ棬Ҳ
˿ҶЦȻѾһƬǿܹԼķ롣


545 ף
ҶЦĻӴڿȻֱ쳾ÿһ˵ĺ֮С
쳾죬Ӵͳһ
ԭ巽صƣ棻ֻһҡ
ҶЦ鼰ÿһ䣬ԭķѵƬ½˲䣬пŲмۼ
ʱ䣬ԭ巽ɢ½ƴӳΪһƬĴ½
ԭŲƴ½ĶֺֹǾףֱ쾪ضɽҡȻ˼ҶЦ˵Գ棬ڱӦܣ巽½ŲõֵĪ󶯾ȫȻûܸӦԼӴ½Ѿޱ˹
ҶЦۼ巽½ۺϹһֵ˼䣬Ӧ磬ֻء
ź¡һ򶫡
磬ͻȻٳ磬µ򣬽γɡ
Ϊһͳ£칬ͳ硣
أְշ
֮£˳ӦΥ
ҶЦ˫Įһܡ
Ȼһ˾ʹʧ
ֱã˲ŷ֣ԭһҶЦߵʱ򣬾ȻѾȫˡ
ٹΣҶ쳾ۣ˴ѾҶЦȫٵâ֮߳һƬ߲أ˶һȻ
ʲôεʵ
ʲôΪ
̾Ϊֹη

˭᲻˭Ҳ
ӣǾôˣԶǿ֮УأЩףĵʵ
ͨ׳侲ʲôɥͲʣ˵ûǸ֣á
Ȧһ죬Ҫ޳ӡ
ʲô׳ЦЦȻԵһ⣺ûǸҶЦСҶЦһʵһߣͷʹġ
Ϊʲô⡣
Ϊʲô׳һЦҺҶЦƽУ˴֪˴ˡҪ쳾֮λΪĲ֮λҶЦҲͬΪ˳ΪһƬصľ
ǵĿ꣬
ˣȴˡ
׳Щ㽣ʵӦøлҶЦҴһսнѳӶִרһ־ģһ·
иоҶЦһ·ϻʦ
Ȼһͬ·ֻϣҵ𲽲Ҫ̫٣£Ҫ̫Զźá
¶֪˵Ļʲô˼ֻǷĵĵͷû£Ů㡣
ңô˽ǲû£ǲķˣǲĺ˵һŮܸо
˵ģ
ķˡ
ҲĽˡ
Ļϲ
ͺܺúܺˡ
߰ɡ׳Ŀ⿴ǰƲ㣺ȥһ˺þõĵط

ħͷҶһ֮𣬼ȶ巽Ҳȹģ˶ûпķʽĻ
ƬأȴΪεıʶһתͳһʱڡ
ͳһµڵ
ҶЦѾʵϵľ¡
ȻȨλҶЦҪҲڴˡ׳˵ҶЦ־򣬾
ֽ׶ζԣȴҲΨʸ֮㹻¡
ҶЦеͷʹǣԼò˿ãоգأ
巽˵ͳϹһȻڶʱڣ巽Ծɵǣԭеķɷ淨ȻȫҶЦȻ⣬Ҷ쳾յҲ˵ҶΣ߶ɾ㶼ڣԹүΪ׵һӦˣӦ´࣬ǱҲýְһվɣ˰һЩ۹֮⣬ĻҲˡ
ʵЩˣ۹ţԼĺ£ĵĴ֮ͽɱ֮Ҳûʲôϧ
ľ񳬹ųɶ֮廹˳źã
ѿȫȴ©࣬Ǳ죬ԭ۵ĸ߲㾡ܶɣֻʣСèֻˮн㲻ϡ
ȱİ׳׹ӣѴķƸ¥ֱʧ䡣
֮켸գҶЦûκ֮£ֻýȥһ룬ǿĿհ䣬ٿά
巽֮ҶЦͷʹĻǱ죬Ƕ죬ڶ۰ʽλ֮ԭڶһϰףҲŵȪ
Щһ᲻ֵܣջλѾãҲѾ˻ºǡһһ˵ʲôʱͱأ
ȻҶˣ֪˿治֪ģ˭֪߽ĵλٸжߣĪ޹һᣬңڡ
ȻҶЦ벻ͨǣҶ쳾Ǳߵˣˣ߾˭ҲԸˡ
Ȩô˴ôҶЦüͷˣ˳پȻҲôѣ
Цзգ
ҶЦۡ


546 ֣
һ֧һ£һ£߲ìܣֻҶЦΣٰ޼֮£ֻýľԱҲһԶ˳ȥ
𣬲꣬нλλ֮ˣȫųȥһ֮ǱߣҶЦɴҶв֮
ԯϼһѸҶ쳾һ˼ȥˣʮĺûѣ϶׷ﷳˡ
ҶЦֶΣѪҵѪǰϲҲ㣬¿ҵ£ػǳ
ѪҲΣΪﲻͳ㵱Ըȱϯ֮սôĵĵȴǣˣԶˣ϶ܲˡ
ҶЦ
߶ļˣҶЦ׷ίΣҲǹҫˡ߶߸ϼһﷴԵúƽ
ھ֮ҶЦ¼ԪΪԪ
ҶЦλνǽַӵ˼£ɶҲܡ
׳˵ģһ㲻ͬ
׳ˣҶЦȴҲǱסˡҶЦҲȫˡ
£ֱ˷ָ
ÿ˺ȣ˯˯ٳԣ컳ﴧŶͷϼŽӥͷ϶Ҷۣһ߼վҶˣżһӾ޺ߣһ·ҡУˣֵøʲôҲơ
ӡ˾Ӧ
¹ӦŮÿ춼һӸңӸ㣬òҪҪġ
£ţĪ״
ҵΪڷͽ

ҶЦһ֮неͽܡ
ꡣ
һмƳƣһв޷硣
ǵת֮
ҶЦѭŵΪͽԭ޹ԸĽ֮ڣСһ·֮ϣþˡ
ҶЦ˻ָǰļ䣬ᷴӵеĳľҡתСǰȫķ棬ֻһ仰ȻһﵽԽ⿪ĳ̶ȣõһЩĶǲܴﵽ֮ԵһоԵ
ҶЦãӶʱ˵˵նĳŵȻǾ뿪ʱޣȴҲԽԽˡ
ҶЦͷ֪
ҶЦһֵۣԾأν
ҶЦʣʲô
ô۷֣ǵѹ֮£Զܺ쳾һ뿪岻٣ֻֽ¶ЩȻѾǾްԵĴڣʵսԾɲߣٲЩ۷ǿ߿⣬ʱ
ҶЦһЦڲĲٵù֮֡н֮˴ʼգҶһͳ£ٺ쳾죻ȻȥϣȴҲֻñͳһĶ뿪֮󣬾Ͳҹˣ֮£ƾֶαá
΢ЦҾ֪ô˵Ϊϲô𣿣
ν޳⣬ܹ֮ȻεȴҲһʡµ
ҶЦǰ˳ҹԼãغ½ȥ
;Ӧ֪ȻҲҲҪ̽ùʾɡ
˼ʼȻһУټ˽ѾΪΨһѡ
˲Ÿոնг̣ǰѰҡ
ǵҶЦոյ˺쳾һԷ򸾣򸾴ǵĺǰѰҵŵˡ
һ·ϣ֪ҪͶ˾Ȼʥе˶Ǹ߽ԶӭͶ
ҶЦһЦСһпɣܸ굱ͽѧȥˡ
Ǻ쳾ʷһмصĹں쳾ʥЦҶЦ£


Ҷ¹ѩһæҶϼ֮ͻо뵡˫˫˯һ
Īһ֮У򸾾ƺҶЦˡ
ԾӢͦΣЦ档
ΥĶӻżɫŮӣǰʩһ֮󣬱㼴ƮȻȥ
ǼŮзмоϤƺˣҪգȴһʱס
ת֮󣬲ŷʱƻ󣬷ڻ԰֮С
Ρ¹ѩζţȦֺˣҺ񿴵ЦЦˣϱҺá
Ҷһ£ҲһΣ
⣬¹ѩסѵҲ
һʱסˡ
漴¹ѩһ˳ȥ
ֻׯ԰棬ǧɽأȻӲĵ·ϣʻ
ƬأѾʻĺ
һʮСӴׯ԰зɱ㿴
СУȻһöӨĽָ
ҶЩĽӹϸϣȴһöռָ
Ҷ콫ʶ̽УãֻеĵرԴ
ȴûһֽţ
ЦЦ
¹ѩ߬öָԼ£㻹ڹҡ
Ҷ̾Ϣַסӵļ򣬽뻳дϱ㣬Ѿ֤ûй㡭ǡ
Ĳ㡭
ҶȫܹҶЦ顣
Ĳٹʲôʲôֻǡ
˴Ρ
Ǳ粻
һߣμңξСԺУξľͬһöռָԼ̳ƣһ̳λƷ쳾һ̳ǸΪŮ飬̳ǰҶЦТξһ̳ȴТܹͬʱܵҶЦͳߣȴξˣ


ҶЦһݷõصȻǻȥݼ״λʦһ֮ƹʡ
Ѿһɡ
״˶ڰͽϻοӯпǧ
ʦͽãΨպҶЦӰϴͽ״粻˳
ȻҶЦݷù֮òõپ֮ܣֻ֮أ
ֻһ㹻ֺ֧ʢ£

½
ҶЦˣ޼ɣΥľٶȾףһãƼȣƮ
޼ɣʲô
ˣģʲô
ܹ࣬ԸⲻԸ⣿
ȻǲԸӣôȻԸʲô

ҹڸĸߣ˵Ļ
˳ת۹ȥԼļңȥԼĸʡ
½г̣Ͼݡ
ҶЦ˵ΪȻԶʤյλ䣬ҶЦԪܵĿ鳬֮һֻ¾Դɢ½û취Ϊʵ̫߱Ȼֵı׶ˣ
ҶЦһδҹ˳뿪ʱƺ˶ʶҶЦһߣ½Զٻˡ
˶ԵЩᡣ
ҶЦֵɡ
һ׽͸ȴѰζĻ
Ƕ
ҶЦˣߵøɾ˿ˮ
޼ɺۼէȥȻʧ˶ڼüŲȴǽй¾ˣȻͬ˷һ㣬˳žʹһ𣬻ڵص˰µľơ
һ࣬һ󽫾˿ǽ˫еĹȫһŲ֮Ժֱʵ۹ףʵ۱ҲΪ֮ͷʹѡ
ֶȫް취
ҶЦ뿪½֮ʣؾ½һµʱӦ΢΢һЦʲôһ㣬漴㽫һöռָ¡
ǽָиֹؼԼĵرʮ֮һҩɽĹģ
ȴ֪˰˭Եأ

ҶЦҹµЯ˳֣ڿնȥ
ʹʧں½ֻһЦӵĴ˵

һա
ں쳾һ֮
һֵĴƯҶɢصĹâ
һڹʱҶЦͻȻ١
׹ӣЩһɺá
׳һЦ֪ҵ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦ׹ӹȻ֮ˣȻҵ
׳۾ЦЦڵں
ҶЦЦ
ǿ֮ΪĪԵ
벻׳ȻҵˣҳõԵ¡
ҶЦЦҵԵԵѾ㣬˵飬ڿȤȥ£
׳ЦڿЦôڵжô㿴ȻҪҳȥҶЦŰ׳뵵Ե£֮㲻ȥҲ
ڣҲԷ
׳΢Ц˫
ҶЦһͻȻǾ仰
˫һ顣
˫ʮ飡
ҶЦȻ̾˿૵ˣ֮䣬˫ġȻҲǡ
׳üţ
ҶЦһЦ
һ̣ԸоУͼԭѾ̵ʮͻȻƺʮͬĹ⻪ƶ˲Խռ䣬ҶЦ޾ռ
֮Уƺһ־ģ˰Ľ
ΰˣʮ֮У
Ҫ飬Ҫַʮ飡
ʮ꣬Ϊһֻأܶʼʮʮ֮Уһһˣ˼̻
ҡͷβǳ
ʮ鸩ڵء

ռ֮⡣
²ᣬ˾üõһװɣ
׳ҡͷЦҾ֪һҵңû뵽һҪƺȣ˰ˡ
ҶЦһЦ
㣬˾Ʋ˷ϣ˾¾ۣٱʹ
ֻһֱҶЦûʵ׹ΪβǶ𣬲սˡ
׹Ҳû˵
˾ֻڲϵغȾƣ˴֮ʼնû˵κһ仰
һֱ˿Ҫվ̣֮׳һ仰
η
ҶЦͷҡҡͷ
׳Ц
˵Ҫһ¡ҶЦգ뿪ʱ伴˼Ե˽⣬רǰһ䡣
Ǻ£
ҶЦ֣صʵ
׳ɫһ£ԭҴԼǼ£ѾͷȲѹһЩԣȻұ˵ˡ
ţס
ҶЦͷһǰȥ
׳ŵ΢Цں׷ңֵ׷ˣģһ׷ģ
׳ôһ仰ҶЦʱ֪˰׳ҪԼʲô¡ʵøס
ǿ޾ޱߡ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦ׳սԼʧ
׳ĵͷģһԶλĶ棬ҶЦҲĪҪʧ
Һʧ׳ȴҲǻҴϲҶЦı꣬һ֣ȻȫȻһҶĳĿ࿴硣
׳һЦȻԣȴǺοࣿʲôӣܱȵңڣ
ҶЦЦЦ
ƮͬʱȻڻ֮С
ŲʱһȣҶѾˣ
׳ȻҪߣǲߣôԶҡ
Զ㡭
˼

ֱҶЦ뿪ʱˣƽȻûг֡
ҶЦûѡȥʹѹҶЦѲ£
ȻûΣգٻ֮ڣʱ⡣
ҶЦڿǺܿÿ
Ҫˡأ
ϡ
ҶЦѩѩƱյ
ǾͲˡЦȻĺơ
ҶЦ̾һ
ü䣬ʧ䡣
ѩֿ˵ϴ󡭡֪˼һֱ룬ֵһ𣬲κεطֻҪ㻹Ҫκһֵܡ
ڣǸĽŲˣиԵ
ϴǿи棬Ҳáңǳۡ
ǲۡ
ѩЦţҾסˡϴʲôʱˣԻͻȻЩЦЦøոտһŮӡڿǡ
ҶЦͬʱΪȣתͷʵˣ
ʮߡѩһ졣
ްҶЦͬʱȻ
˶ʱһš
˭ҲûҶЦ뿪顣
ҶЦҲûᡣ

һգҶЦĵشҹ£˳Ӧ˪ºµˡ񷶥֮ϡ
ŮΪѾǿյĳǿ߲Σκһ˶ѾԶԶ˺쳾ķ롣
ڰ˶ԣһθƬ쳾أ
һƬɾԼأУͻ̹Ȼ
߰ɡ
ҶЦ΢΢һЦǿȥ
Ů΢Цϡ
쳾죬ԶһЦĴ˵ҶЦˣҲûл

ҶۺҶ˲ûиҶЦ뿪
ԼѡȥˡСѾ㹻ݺ޼ɣҶЦġ

ֱҶЦ뿪ƽһŴӽسһֱغߵе֪ҶЦѾ뿪޲ɥ˿ΪԾϲá
ƽ죬Ǿ֮ʱĶ
\ɷ֮˳أˡ
˸ÿһռָ֮⣬ⵥƽһƿ
˵ֻ£ɴӴ귶룬Ϊһࡣ˵ĳŵ
ƽӹҩ档
ˡ
ƽͨ£ߺҺ롭ټһ桭

֪˶á
׳ڱźˣӣͷһƬܰ
ҶЦл㡣
Ҳҵ㵱뿪·
ڣ׷ʱˣ
ң

ҶЦǿգǿղ꣬Ȼ֪׶ȥˡ
һգУͻȻ쳤Хįˣ˵ңһһս
ҶЦһ˾ʹûĳһˣλįȴйߣû֮һ
޾ǿձ˶ˣһаȵӰȻ֣λǷζļį
һֵģȻвˡ
ȺһľһϷı顣
ôˣҶЦʱһ
ķġһһհļһصĽǲ֣ǾͼįġأͿСӲ˳ˣҪһ٣һӺȾƣԽԽãǧҪӣ
Աߺü˷׷׸ֻͣҪܴһ٣ǶȾƣ˼įǸӡ
˵˵ţȻһĶקһѰӣôö֮İ˷һƨȥһĽζϷݡ
λįֵܣ˲磬ڲ

ҶЦһЦȻˣپҾалˣܸǵӣҶᱩĳһ٣
⻰˵ʹ죡ӽԺ󣬲ɶʱһ٣ǶȾƣʳԡ
һŵ
ҶЦˡ
ֻϧòƻǴ򲻹ĳˣĳȻǷᣬҶЦûܹ˼ҵ͡
Ⲣѡ
ҶЦܿ˽ѣһţƨ죬ӹԽң
֪֮󣬵һڼįʤһеʱҪһ˶ֳŵʱȴһһȫˡ
ô˾ȻȫƤҶЦȺְ֮˽ŵؽҶЦݺһ١
ҴֵܣҶЦѾĵ˰
Ǿǣֵܷǲӣ˵ĻǷƨ𣿡
Ѿĸӻֵܣֱĳ裬㡭
ҶЦѣ߽е˵ģһûеڳݣûеܡ
˵ɶˣ
ɶҲû˵
ǾǣǵֵܣȻ
ˣҶЦֻϵù忹ᡣ
;ӦѾ˵ļҾ˺ùۣһ𣬴˿΢Ц
һȺƤĺӡ
ҶЦڵΪѾبŲκһȣѾ·磬Բᱻ򻵵ġֻЩһǲįѡ
ֻһ󣬾ȻֽҶЦæ·ĴϵҶЦһپƣȻ֣سŵҶЦ֧㣬įֻҪܴһ٣ǻȾơ
ҶЦ
ȻҲֹįЩ֮УӮ˭ǶȾơ
ϴҪܴӮٺ٣ɶҪҶӦ㡣
ԣĹ϶ֻҪܴһ٣ҸɶҾ͸ɶ
ҶЦͷ𽥵ĳƣҪһΡҾǸ
ϣѩ׵СӶ˿̣Ҳñ޵Ŀ⿴Ŷļˣһ
ȫ꣩
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================