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ȼͽʿʦʡۡʥ


1 ù
ҹˡ
¹⴩©һ˸˸
ҶһïܵĴ̽ͷ˳СĽĳܿ˿ֱȷΧûʲô쳣֮˳ɣ
Ȼһʱ򣬺һ¸¡Ĺֽжʱһʧִϵˤƨɶѿˡ
ɣǳһʹѵƨɣգֻ¹֮£һֻ޴ҹӥͷһӶһ̶С
ģԭһֻ񣬲ûҶн϶ʺһ飬һⱯߵ˭ϲ˭ȥҲȥˡ
˵֮Ҷٵ飬ƴȥ
յİܼӣǺ˺
ҶôҲû뵽һ͸ܼӵϡ
ܼӣһص
أһһţƴġ
ĸףһϵӵܡ
Ϊйһء
ȻΪһϵӵܣ͵أȻܸЩϵӵܵᲢۡ
ǰһǴѧҶҲһĪĸ
Ҫ֪ǰʮ꺮ҲֻǿһĴѧ
ѧҵ֮صİ˹ֵ๤ӦƸϡ
ũΪһ¶ԴҲûһȥֵأҲûؿ֡
֪ǰ;ãޱȵһȻԽΪһ߸ϵ
˵ʵҶ룬رĳߣܹΪһԺȲ竣ļˡ
Ȼһ룬ԶҲûʵֵġ
û뵽룬ʵˡ
Ϊһ߸ϵһУӵžԵȨ˵ʲôʲôʲôͳʲôҪǼҵĹŮҪǼҵĹŮ˭˳۵ʱ˭Ͳ˭
װƶţƵ
뵽õͰԼǰҶѹûãͺȻĽݡ
һһһصһӣܡ
ҶԼδû㽶ãܿʹԭ˵ļУ֪һ顪Ǿǣܼӣڼ̳֮󣬱㿪ʼӻõ˰գ˳Ժζ֮ϡ
һ֮еĲƸܿͱӻһա
Ҳˣ֮еĲƸûˣԺ󻹿
ҶͷƤǣܼ֮еĲƸӻһ֮󣬾Ȼץ񣬱ūгԹ֡
ֱǻ쵰˼㡣
Ҳ֮еĲҵܵòʱһƣӼңʧ¥Ϲڿƨˡ
ǣҶȴʹĸ壬ػ˹¸Ҷһ̯ӣ˵ᡣ
û뵽ǣܼΪԼ֣мû彻˰ˡ
һɾǷ˼ɡ
˵Ѿ»ҪѺѶ
ãȴǺڰ
Ǳץõˣ֮ǰݣжôԺգȨжôǿֻҪȥûг
ѪȲп֮׸塣
Щ󲻿ʵĵϵӵܣãҲ̸֮ɫ
ãΪڰѪȵĻֱڳϻᣬммԱȨ
õİ֮У֪˶ԩļԱ
ȨҲвٱôߣһǰõĵһ֮УɱλϺʮλϵӵܡ
ϵӵȨнȥҶһϵӵܶˣһãëʣһ
ĲпɱҶû˿ԥѡš
ǸܼӵԵʣ궼û彻ɹ˰ˣΪѾð˼ȨֻȼõһҶ
⹷յģµ̯ӣôҪе֮ѸٴеҶƵѪ
ΪһԽͿ޸ޱߣõ֪ʵȴǲпĿ¡
ӵ㣬˿ֻ̣Сûˡ
ģǸܼȻƨȴҲ޸ϵû͵ġҶһ̣޵ֱ
һصֱһʵ۰Ĵڰ
ôõĴԽȻǸܼӸŪûˣˣСүž޴ΣĲٵһ߱Уһ֪ܲ˶µĴҶЩз


2 
һÿôεأӲ뾣
ݰܵҶ˵棬̤ڵϣȻģǻᷢһЩǳɭ
֪ɭ棬ûʲôޣҪУǧҪҶĿǰ壬ƾһֻͨҰޣҲҪ
뵽ҶУһʱޱȻ
̾˿¶ͷĺˮҶ뿿һôϢһ£˺ȻһЦԭˣǸһȥɣõˣѾˡ
Ҷáá֣˭ûпһۣȾܡ
𾴵ˣܵ𣿡׷֮ˣһ֮ǶҶΪеȲм
ʱһҶ̫ܵ죬ּҹ߲ǿһСģĽűһٰһ£ҽһһͷ˵ϡ
Ҳ٣ôùɣҶпɬҪܣѾˡ
ߣȴһʮӡ
һ죬ֵ֪ѾߵϢһ
Ҫ֪õˣѾˣҪҲͷֵˣҪԲˣߡ
ּ־æ׷˳
ҲѾܵҲӸõ˿ǣ֪˸طһ꣬ȴѡҶ·ߡ
һ־ϲӣĿϷŹһЦֻŵҶ߸ϵֱ˵˵ϡ
ӱúǲһҶûϵҶһˤڵ֮󣬱㶯Ҳˡ
ЩӣȻûǺˣҲɣһӾ͵ô˵ߵߣŶҶһ¡
Ҷʱһ˲ķȻ֮УЩͻȻһţߵŭһӵӵӣԼô
ͻҲû⣬ֻǲмһЦû¾ͺãһȥõ˰ɡ
ö֡Ҷжʱ˸սصӸЦܲһ£㿴ȻΪ飬Ҳ֪
һûгڣҶתܡ
ȻǰˣŰأ΢΢ҡͷ
Ҷܵ𾢣ǰӰһվǰ棬˫֣Ц
ȻҶȴʷ˿ֳȥ֪ûֳܳǰ档
ٵתͷϱ㰤һǣһ´ķǳݣҶֱӴ˵ϣ۶ðǹ⡣
𾴵뱻Űǰ㻨ڵϵҶӵ֮УЩŨŨм볯
˵⻰ֱ֣ӳҶץ˹
֪ʱҶӣͻȻԱһƣһӲʯͷһ£ݺҵӵš
һ£ҵֺֿͻȻӳϷҶĿУû뵽һֱԼޱȻ֡
֮£κηӦԴѱҵѪɽһҽ֮󣬾ͻһôϡ
Ҷմ˵Ѫʯ飬վҲûһۣĳȥ
ͷڵϵĺвѵӣҶȥıӰһ˿֮ɫ
ʳָͷȾ˵ѪȻϣһֵķš
ʱһɹصӵϣɢ˳
һɫˮΣˮ֮ɢĺʹߵľһ㱡
ҡҡλεվҶıӰ񶾵ЦԼ֪ķ֮У˭㵱Ȼүٺ٣𾴵ˣ㽫һ߹ߵĳͷ
ҶʱȻʯһᣬһصĳǰţʲôҲ룬ֻ뾡뿪ط
˭֪ʱͻȻе󣬴һ־޴Σ
ͣͷһĿʱһͫһˮˮʲô⣬׷ħյģס֣
ٺ٣һЦҲøȥ˵֮ɧޱȵĽǸڴСˮֱӳҶ˳
ҿӣӲŹģˮٶȣɿޱȣֱɱǹӵҶûжܵĿܣֻǱܽеʯĿһ
ֻأһ졣
ˮĽʯ˲ͱʼΪм˲ݵϡ
һ죬һ˿̹ǵĺʯ֮д
Ҷһæлûг׻Ϊʯӵ˵ϡ
Լ֣ǰһҲѣҿӦ죬ҪȻһ˫֣Ϳɷˡ
ʹ֮ϣҲһطˡ
⿴Ʋˮ򣬾ȻҶЩ
ȻܶһˮϮɱҲҶһˮڷʯĵط
ɹһٵҶûüأͼԶǸӣٴһЦһݶһˮ
ֻǣӵ飬ҪһˮҲףһ㣬ֻͷ麹ܿó
ʹٲףҲҧӲٴ۳һˮ򡭡
һΣҶûˡ
Ҫ֪ˮٶȣӵ
Ҷܵסһˮ


3 Ϲܼ
ιӣŶ֣˴ˣָ硭ҶͻȻֺõӵǺҿˣֻҪ㲻ˮ㵱Ҳûġ
⻰ӲûһͷԵڵأһĺߣǻɣԼǲҴˣǰһǵ
ΪһôܲҪ̶ȣ
ǲͷүͷ͵ȥүȥ뵽ԼһߣȻһ˵еԴӾһŭա
Ҫǰ֪İ׳գչʾߵǿ֮
õˣѾ˵ˣֻҪ˻УǷȱ첲ȣ˿⡣
ͷǺһӡ
ֻಣһ
ˮٴγҶ˹
Ҷɫ䣬һҲ룬ֻ˫ֱͷͼסԼҪλ
ģ㲻ǳʦδݣϣƨ¶ûüϢ˱ӡ
ҶĵĲɬ
ɣʱ
ֻ࣡һ죡
һֻǳݵĴ֣ȴͻȻҶǰ
ǸˮֻݴֵǰʱֻǱһ
һͺڵһͨˮһ
һĻȴҶһľ
һԽʯмɱĿֲˮ򣬾Ȼһˮһһֵֻô˿Ȼ󷢻һˮϢɢڿ֮С
Ҷһֻ쳣Ĵ֣̾ҿְ
ͬʱ֮ǰϷ볯ı飬û˰Ӱûϳֹһ
˿̵ӣһֵͻȻеĻߣһż۾ķϣûһѪɫ˫ȾǴһ鲻ԽĶ
ɳƣҲЩ󡭡ܼңôˣ
һ仰˵꣬ͷ֮ϣ亹
ܼȴǸûпһۣתҶ΢΢Ϲʾ⣬ȻȴҲ쳣ĮˣһܵĽҰ
⻰Ҷһ
Сүܣѵִвɡ
ҶʱҲоˡ
Ȼߣڹؼʱ̣ˮ򣬾ԼƺҲû̫Լ
ûߵ֮ǰһʱ䣬ҶҲ֪ôڡ
ʱԶӣͻȻڵ󡭡ܼң⡭飬Ҳòˣǲǿԡ
֪Լ飬Ѿس˻ߵĵߣ˵¡
ԣſһۣĮȻ·ϣı˴治Լ˵˵Ӧóʲôĳͷ
͡ͷܼԩ䡭ʵҸûҪıˣұֻģɡҲֻ֪һƷûеͽգﲻĳ̶ȣŻʧ
֪ߵֶΣʱǴҲҪıɱʵ
֪Ļû˵꣬ͼһ˿⡣
һӣһεֱ˿
Ҷоڻ߻Ӷ֮䣬Χ¶ȣ½ܵĲľһ㺮
ӿһĻɫ䣬ͨһڵ棬ܼҲˣӵǺˣҽԳΪ߸ϵߣһõδܼң˵Ҹȹɱҡ
һ仰ϵɱΪ֮һ٣汻˵ĳ£ԥһ£ֱϢȴ
ӣ¶һ˿ӵ뿪ɣõѵصĸ߲㣬ⲻһ
ߣߡŹһȦӣ仰֮߿˼ͷˡ
ˣҲ߰ɣǲٻȥˣõˣֶΣΪѪȲпᣬһץȥУûлŵĿܡūȥǣһõˣʱ䣬жԶܶԶɡ߿Ҷʱһ˫۾֮УûаĲͬǿһ·˼һ
˵ߣǶҶ׾ˡ
ݼ䣬ҶҲ֪ߣԼǸϵĸףϣƴʮꡣ
ȥ֮ǰ㽫ߣΪ֮еϹܼҡ
ҪȥǣõˡҶȴЩΪߵģļУóˣûһƲ硣
ãֻɳ˼ΧԱвūһڸɳڶǰľȻҶͬһſ
䣬ȻûлߵӰӡ
ֻԶһʵ̾Ϣ㸸ƴʮ꣬߾һŬҪһϵӵܵĳƺţԸŬʮĿꡣϧһصȴûǺˣ㸸׺ľһУҲ̤֮·ɱģ㸸ʮŬȴһ٣ġ
һ̫̾źɥ
ҶüֹʮŬֻΪΪĵϵӵܣҶȴЩ⡣
ʱͻȻǰ洫һŲõ׷ˡ
Ҷʱһ룬Ⱦܡ


4 ½
һܳѽɭڲоպͣ
ֻΧӰ涣ɭЩˡ
ҹУҶ﷢ӡ
ȫĺ֣طôһƵأþ취뿪С
֪ҶĻû˵ֻ꣬һ󡰸󡭡ǰ洫˹
ҶֲһȽϼӲľĴӵվ˫۽Դͷ֮ϣѲ亹ȴҲá
棬κһҪСʱ̣а⡣
ֻһӲݴУâһţһͷ˫۴ѪɱޣԾ˳
һͷҰޣǳȴȵϳϹ׳ʵа׶ߣһ׶೤ȫµƤëڵĹһѩ׶ַϸݣˡ
ҶףҰҧһڣ㲻ãͷᱻҧϡ
ǰצٵأѪ˫ۣҶȻ׼𹥻ˡ
Ҷĺˡ
֪ɭôգ类õץȥˡ
õץȥ뻹ܱȫʬһͷѪȮֻͷʣһ
ҪлһľֱһôѾЩҶΣҲܻȵվˡ
һͷȮƺҲûʲôˡ
ͷŪȺãֻνǰٶȣ̽
˿̣ϵȮͷһ𣬾ͳҶȻ˹צݣѪĹ
ҶƾõķӦû˵еľֱӳȮĸ˹ȥ
ͷȮȻͣô˵ҲֻһͷͨҰޡ
ٶȣҲͱͨĳϹôһˡ
ԣӦҶһչ˸ʵ
ֻһͷȮһӣͱҵ÷˳ȥ
һ£ʹһͷȮĸǳһ˿Ѫ
Ҷͣеľһ֮ҲӦϳء
ҶҲû뵽⿴͵ȮȻ˵Ĳһ
ҶǣʱճһĨЦݣ׶ĶڵȮһߵȦԱߣ˵ʣµİľȮһٿ顣
һ߳飬һ߻Ǹ˾ջČ˿һųίԹңҧңҡ
һž飡
ľɭ֮УһȮǵҹ
񣬿˿̵ıһἯʯ
ֻ£ǸܼңҲţһֱɵгһգ˵ֺݡ
ͷȮҲױҶһࡣ
һСһг𲻸ҹֻ˻£ǵģǿ
һͷ֪ȮҶٱǽЩܵĲȫйһͷȮϡ
һٺݳеĺ˲١
һѹ֣Ӧй
ĵĳ˿֮ɫҶŽľһ̧֣ͷ
ȻǰһĻȴɵۡ
ֻܰ˷ǳâ˸һᣬΧٳʮټƵȮ
ⷬ龰䵽ҶУʱû˰Ƣ
ôҲû룬ЩȮȻȺӶ
ȮĹȣһͷͷģԶԸ
ͻȻֳʮϰͷҪ
ֻмͷȽϽӽҶȮһŭ󣬾Ѿҧ˹
˶ȮҶǸȥһתͱԱߵһôһԼû뵽ٶȣȥ
ȮûҶ˿
ҪЩȮ쵽ҶҲֻԵùˡ
ЩȮȻҲûоʹ뿪ΧҶڵĴƽţȻѾˡ
ҶһĻʱҧгݵһȺѣǿ˭ĵù˭
ʱ֮Уްˡ
֮ǰ̫ܵѺ˲ղһͷȮһե֮еһ˿
û治ƽеȮϵҶϵ£ȴһĬȻ
Ȼİ磬ԼβȥԼĿǰĴҶ̾һԼǰ·ȴһƬã
м磬ҶҲЩ˽⡭
ޱȣ˵
֮أ壬֮Уиǲĺ塣
ڵҲкܶ಻Ϊ֪ǿߣߵͷ֮ƧǣὫãԼĸվ֮С
һʹϣ˵żŵء
ԵֻҪԵõһЩǰ˵󣬾Ϳһɳ졣
κΣЩ漣ҲΨЩߣʸȥ찡
ҶȻ磬ȴֻһûˣһ׷ɱ֮еıС
½ûд˵еħ붷ˣ½ߵ֮Դ
ˣֻһЩ츳ĴڣпӵС
ӵ˵ǣԽԪڣ컯֮󹦡
ӵ˵ߣǱΪߣϣӵޱȵݡ
ȻܹӵλȻǿԼϡٳ̶йء
һ棬Ҳһӵ˵ߡ
ߵǿҲǷǳġ
ʹ֮Уȼ͵ͽҲһɱ١
ܴﵽλͽľ磬ۻ֣ǰвˣͶ֮䣬Īܣʯڻ¡
⹷յһУڵҶ˵һңҪ顭
Ҷ飬λȥ
ûҲˣò׻أɻûüһ£һɧҶһ죬ΪʲôҪԴԼ
֪үɤӣֻҲû˭
㲻ã׷
ǿɬҡҡͷҶԼʵͦԩġ
ϾԼأʲôҲûȫȫ˱˺ڻ
ɺ޵ǣԩû˵
Ȼ̾˿ҹգԺ䣬Ҷ˯˹ȥ


5 
峿
ȵʱµȮҲ֪ʲôʱɢȥˡ
һҹϢҶָ˲١
վ֦һչһ֫һԶһΧĻ
ֱȷûȮû֮ϣС
һҹûԶҲֻժ˼ɬֿĹӣ¼
Ƭɭ֣ҶУûûʡ
ֲ֪꣬˶꣬±˴ʽһ£ߣ鷳
鷳ģǾһЩ͵ҰޣҪʱĶϣ·С
һѧҵĴѧҰ֪ʶҶٻ֪һġ
ңǰпյʱҲûٸͬѧһȥȥҰӪ
֪ûпԭʼɭߣɻ飬ͲϵŪ졣
޴ľٶʹʳҰޣѭ
ʹһЩĵطȲѣҪŪ죬ҲҪٶȣ뿪ԭء
ȻЩйϴαȮΧҶԼϣͿһ㸯õࡣ
κҰ޵ıӣҪıĶࡣ
ϵϢɭеڸǵҲҰޡ
Ѿ֪˶Ҷͷʡ
ɭ֮дïܼգסˡ
˿̵Ҷ֪ɽ֮УѧǳλҪȻԶҲ߲Ƭïܵɭ֡
Ҷһ·ɵԽڵϵĿ֦
ΪһƬɭ֮УһЩ棬ǳαװԼǱʱ򣬾͸ɭ֦ûʲô𡭡
ǱǶҧһڣҶ˵ѩϼ˪
ԣҶߵʱԸ໨ʱ䣬СĽһ㣬ûдġ
ɵոպǼ߹һƬԣǰһĻͷƤһ顣
ʮССʬ壬һøߴʮ׵Ĵ֮ϡ
Щ˵ʬ壬ûг׸ãЩ˵ʬ壬һЩ˺ĺۼȴǷǳԡ
ûһʬܱڴ£ɢָĲ֫ϱۡ
мõͷҲһЩݸҧ
һĻҶϣûһѪɫ˶סˡ
ϵҲ̫ˣʮʬ壬ʬҰûᡣ֪˶ãӾлҶһôƤѱȥһ飬дšѪϴšʮ֡
˿̣ٲףҲ֪﷢ʲô顣
ЩˣӦöǱѪɱģһͬһŵˡ
ҶԿѪɱֶΣɴ䣬ײޱȡ
ҪȻҲɱ֮󣬻ˡ
Ȼ֪ЩѪʵ׵Ҷ
һ׵أҶû˼
ֱƹطѡķȥ
ţɭжֻҪϳһ߳ȥһ졣
Ҷһ·֮ϣĲкĴɼ
ңҶһЩѾ븯õıпס
һĻɲҶɭ棬ž޴Σ
ϣҶٺ䣬Ҳľȡ
ڵϣһͨҰޣ»
һȫİ磬Ұޣ̫ζ֪ԣ»Ұޣֻ¶úȥˡ
ҹʱ֣ɭ֮У¸ˣϷ
£ҧ̣û취
Щһֱǿ־˹
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ϵѹȣʼ˼
ԼûϣǷҵأ
ּһ磬Լأֻһ龰
һҹϮ˼սԼʻʶģ
ȵʱ򣬻ʹŷԼȻϵ϶Ҷ
Ѿ
ϡ⣬ϡ
ѾòףֻȫվЩվˡ
˹Щ죬˵ժЩҰ伢ѳŲȥˡ
Щʳһ£ͺܿܽɭ֮С
Ҷǿ壬ֳǰһᣬȴͻȻеɭ֮¶ȣúԽԽ
һᣬҶðһͷ亹ϵ·Ҳȫˮˡ
̲סһ¶ͷĺͷ̫ˡ
ҶЩ죬û
һᣬǰһĻȴˡ
ֻһ޴ɽ֮УһƬ졣
ǻ硣
࣬Сɽȡ
ɽֳ֮ƮʱҶվڻɽһܡ
ôһôֵĻɽȣҶ𾪣ɻɽ֮Ļ棬ȴûɭֻ֣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ԽֹҶԽǲֳ졣
ûȫȷǷȫ֮ʱ·ĽŲŻࡣ
ֹҶС¡
ͻȻҶ˷ǳֵһĻ


6 
˲Զżͷʨһޣ˿̴һЩǴСĵĳһɽȥ
Ҷĳ֣ȻҲЩ޵ע⣬ȻȴûпҶһۡ
ǰ𵽻ɽȵĹȿڣͺǹɭ֮С
ôһ£ҶĵװԾɵЩƽ쳣Ϊѱ
Ļɻ˳ɽȣȥ
ҶֻһźɫƬε壬ˮͰϸڳȡҶֻܿйȿڵףɲֱʯסˡ
ѵޣҶĵ׾֪磬һЩ츳ޣͿƿط׵Լ˪
Щޣ½˳Ϊޡ
޵Ϊϡ٣ɽ֮Уͨˣѵһ
ȴû뵽ԼȻ￴һͷޡ
𺧵ͬʱҲһ˿֮ġ
һɽȽӽҷһ˿죬Ψ־ޡ
ӽɽȻа׵ʱҶ
ѵȻֱӺɽȵıؾ֮ϣһֱûɽȾͷĻ֮С
ǽޱ¶һ֣Ѿʮˡ
ҶС󣬼󣬶ˡ
ǵߣҲʮס
ޣĵطʮˡ
ѵҪףҶȻɽȽӽɽ棬ڷŲ׹ʱʵǶòˣԲ˳һͷ
̰ģҪֻɽУǧʱ˯ѾΪ޵࣬Ҳ⣬ҶҲǿޣϢŸ߿ڶʳ
ȴ֪ԼȴΣޱȣκһҪù
޵ƣֲҶԶа׵ӴޣȻϢ֮Ун
Щ¶ȸߵˡ
һЩӲʯЩУҲᵱڻ
һƬޣСģŪһ졣
Т֮󣬾ͻȥΨ־˳˯е߼ޣһ֮С
һʹɽȸһ޵ĵ̡
ޣ˯ʱҲһ㣬ֻÿһὫɽ֮һЩȵĻ棬УͿԿ
ҲҺޣûޣҪȻ˳һֻɽ費סҶңңɽ֮еĴһۡ
߹׳ϣǵһɫƬɢͬһĹ󣬵Ӿ֪ϵƬȻˡ
׻˵ĺãģСġ
Ҷľȷġ
ԣ͵ɹˡ
ˣɽȵʯɽˡ
Ҷɽ￾죬޴ġ
ٺ٣Сһпļү͹Ҷ˫ſɽʱһ٬ĹЦͻأĴĶ֮С
ɫҶæ̧ͷܿһ£ȴûзְӰ
ٺ٣ˣءҶΪֻǻþʱһ٬ٴδı󣬴˹
ҶԣͫһĿⶸȻͣɽ֮Уһϡ
ǡڸ˵ʱҶԣҲǲз
СһԴүȻƽɽ֮УһޣϷʵͲĴүһ㡣
ҪңˣҲ˵ôķϻˡ΢֮Ҷǿסеľ֣ŬԼƽ
ү˽ôˣڶûлûʲôɽޣƺûжԳֵ˼
ˣɻգ۾ҶʱǱ˵սޣ
ʲôսޣѾģ᲻˵սòãģүҲǱ˸ˣҪȻޣ˿Ƶΰ˵ֻɽޣ΢΢鵽һβ
Ҷپһɷǳ޴ͬɽһԼϮ˹
ˣУ׵׷˳ȥ
ȻͬʱѿɽҲһߵС
Ҳ٣ߣ̫ˣԶµҶ޵һº֣ʱûأѽߵףһ顣
ҿǺûñүȥ㾹Ȼү޵֮УЩãٴβڿеҶֱӾסȻ֮ɽȺ棬˦˳ȥ
Ҷ޷ֱ֮ӱޣ׵ɽ֮ϡ
Ȼʱȴһ֮ƽȵ
վɽ֮ϵҶһߣβƣæһֽУһƬ֮С


7 ӡ
ɽ磬ӭּʱˬ˲٣ֹֻģߣʲôӳȥŪôߵĵطôȥ
ٶϷˣԼһʱ̫һһŲȽ˾ԣĴ̹ǵʹûг
Ǿ֣һƨڵأְδ̧̣֪ͷ֮䣬ǰһĻȴˡ
ֻǰ棬һƬѪĴ·Ѫɺ̶ɵһ㣬׳
Ҷ죬ӨѪ
ЩҶû̫⡣
ǣ߳ɭˡ
ԶԶȥֻһǳأͻأһƬԭ֮ϡ
ǳأǧʯġ
ԣǳشΰƣǳ𺳡
Ҷſڵʱ򣬲ֳŴѾǧƵˣһĳϡ
棬󲿷Ҷһ࣬Ҵͨˡ
֮⣬һЩˡ
Угβ͵èˣҲȫܲϸ۵ˡ
һЩͷǵİˡ
վŶӵ壬Ҳٸ
УҲһЩŷǳƾɵ壬˳ſڣ֪ʲôԭûǽȥ
Ҷǵһμ˶ۼһаԳԾѡ
û뵽Щ壬๲һ
˶ʱʱЩͬˣ˴˽̸кܿƽĴ干棬ԼԺϰ˾ͺá
뵽Ҷ̧ͷſһ£ȴһզࡣ
ʮȫװȻֱֳУڳŵߡ
ÿһҪǵˣҪϸĿ顣
ֻͨˣܽǡ
Ḷ́ΪǵĶ飬ƶ
һᣬҶȴǿһЩˣû̲飬ʹţҡ˽ȥ
ڳſߵĻһˣǸûһ㣬ֱӷС
Ȼ֪ЩֱǵˣʲôıǵݣӦò
˽ʱֵҶ
ſڣһĻɨҶһۣһӡó
ӡҶԣɫһ䡣
ӡڵϣ֤һĶ
ӡϵһ֤ԼݵĶ
һݣع⣬ɲұ֤᲻ᴫԼļ塣
Ҫ٣汻õ˵ֻ֪ɱ֮
һϵӡʹõġ
ǸҶٳûóӡ΢΢һЩûӡĪһûйˣ
ҶûлػǸ͵ҶĬˡ
ֻǸȡһҶɨһ£ƺĳַ̽һҶ
ûҶûˣֻһ֮ͨҲûΪҶ
ֻеĽһգų˵һ°ɣǴʲôط˹ģǰʲôҵˣ
ҶȴЩεҲ֪ԴӶ𣬾һֱ⣬֪Լʲôطġ
ԣȴüͷһǾͶԲסˣˣûǵģǡ
ٺ٣ͷʲôԱһмɨҶһۣڵһûˣĪǻָܳΪһߣȥ飬ֱǲɣһҲĳһСɣ½ССĹңֽ֮ôһЩСҲϡ档
˵ǸҶСӣɣﲻĵط
ﲻԶһūǣȥɣҪܳΪһūһҲǳԺȲˣ˹û˼ңҲӦúúûȥǸҶļΪָһ򣬱ûٹˡ
ͷ÷½֮ϣһ첻֪Ҫȥ٣ܵù𣿡ԱһǶǸΪЩΪȻ
֪ʱһͻȻ˿һ£Ѿģ˵ѵˣͷҲ֮𡭡
ҶҲû뵽Ѿţ֮ŴƬ˳òҵһǳأ˼ҾȻȥ
ҹ·ʱ·˶ദ֮δúϴһǵģ
ԼϵһؤװҶǿɬޱȡ
̧ͷһ֮ǰǸָķһۡ
ģģУڼԶƺһǳء
Լѡǲֻܽȥһǳˡ
ĽҰ⣬֪Ŷޣҵŵĵطñĳͷ޵ĸв͡


8 ū
ģȴǳء
Ĵǳ֮һūǣ
һרΪƷʣʣū͵ĵط
ūǶԲμū˵ˣȫλѵ
ѵḶ́ǳ֮пᡣ
һ̭ʣռֵūֻаٷ֮һҡ
һɫһ֮ϡ
ɢųȹâūǡ
ſڣһشš
ŵµĻǺӣ¡¡ˮˣĻ֮ߵʯǽ
Ȼ۳µĺˮεͣûܶ϶ĳǳأһ𻵡
ūһͷ˯ŵޣһƬĵϡ
ţһþ޴ʯƽ̨
ƽ̨ߴʮɣԲڰң⻬ޱȣΪų̄
ų̄ĺ棬ǳŵڡ
˵ֻų̄ϱѡˣʸǡ
ų̄ߣһţֱӻǺӵĶ԰
ˣų̄пˣΨһ֮š
˿̣ŵˣվźɫװɫ۵׳
⣬⼸׳Ķͷ֮ϣһˡֵӡǡ
ϴǹƴģԷʱ䣬ˡһͷ෢ĺ׳Ŷһų̄ϵӰ¶һ˿
վԱߵһ׳ҲЩ̾ϴ֣֮ҪūΣԱܵİɡ
˵ͻȻüͷһ壬ǰȥ
ֻԶһӰһĳ
߽ŷֻһʮ߰꣬öüĿ㣬ֻӹǣ׳УԵ̫һ㡣
һ꣬ߵūǵű֮ȴͣĴĳǳ
СϵѪǳǸ෢׳۾һ˿˵СѾ൱һγʱ䣬ûгԹˣƾһɼߵѵð
ûмͲεūӦƸūǾԱߵ׳û̫һ㣬ֻǵɨǸһۣջĿ⡣
ʱ֮ǰǸų̄ϵӰҲ۾̧ͷ
ֻǴ˼ϣȴһǳĵ̣Ǹһۣ͵Ȼӭ΢ߵ磬ūǣ
׳ɳޱȣȴһɵѹ֮
꣬ȻҶˡ
Ҫʵ޴ȥΣҲѡūǵġ
ڵȴҪһŵĵط
ҪǻڳˣǱǱȻµģĪǳΪһͷ޵Ұ͡
ʱֻһ׳ֲߵļֱҶڵĵطһס
һᣬһֱų̄ţѾ
һþ˵Ҷ־Ͳ˼ٽصҲ̲סһߣô˾˵˸ղŵı֣Ƕ˺ˡ
׳Ҷı飬һƲЩмǴС֣û˵ˣȻ̤һȴû˵尡֮壬ֻҪѼҹĴͿǿڽǿһʱȻҲӣһﲻûɣ
ҶȻ׳ԼĳȴҲû⡣
Ϊ֪ط˼ҿϣǳˡ
λСֵܣҲӦƸūİɡҶţСų̄ʱֻһȽ׳ʵӣһЦĳԼһк
Ҷԣųų̄ȥֻų̄һտϣ˼Ʊ뺷ĺ׳֮⣬ȻٸӦƸߡ
ЩӦƸ֮УҲ壬һЩģֻλͬ
ղŸҶеǸӣ˶ͷһƬϸ֮⣬طûʲôǸĲһڣվԱߵһʿĮȻĵǸһۣһ𣬸ұ־Եİٸ⿪ڣͰ;ͷ
⻰һҶ΢΢һǸӣҲһȻ
סҵĻֻ˵һ飬øļūţҪеūŵľҪȻҲǰһʿɨһۣĮȻĺܡ
ǸȻǲޣûпڷֻһ곤ӦƸԱѾһ£ͬʱӣūǣҪȥñ¡
ȻЩߣҲ֪ﲻҰĵطֹһ£Ҳʵ
Сӣվһȥʱһǰȥп˵ģų̄ϵĵ׳ҲûҶֱվһӦƸڵĵط
ȻٸӦƸߣҶһ£ȴǺֻܶ࣬ʮȴǱ塣
Ҷ֮ǰһڵĺʿȻҶһۣĮūǲܽģͨˣͺúӭ׼
ԱһʿȴǺȻһЦô࣬˼ҵģҿһӦƸߵʣӦмԻȥ˵ˡ
һĺ׳ƳһʿһۣЦøǵģǶþǵģ㲻Σֻøȥ˵⻰һӦƸߵΪūĿˣһ飬һ£ȵǧǾͻǣ˵⻰ʿûһӦƸˡ


9 пᷨ
Ҷȴüͷ壺ǧˣȥģֻмˣǧ֮Ĵʰ
һ̣ҶЩԼƺ̫äĿЩ
ӦƸλֱӦƸ
Ҷһ̤Ҫ뿪
˭֪Ѿһˡ
ֻվǰļӦƸߣֱӿڽкҪǧ֮ǿûʱ䣬ʲôūˣǲȥˡ
һ˵ţǼֱԾų̄
ӣҲǱū˵Ŀֲסˣ뿪
ղǲҲ뿪Ȱñʱ֮ǰǸͻȻҶĶߣһҶ·ֹҶ
Ҷͷһۣȴһɻ
˿ֲĿˣɵӲŻȥô˵Ļ
ȴǶҶһЦָһų̄λá
Ҷüȥų̄ϵǸ׳ʱо׳ǼԾų̄ʱϾɢһֱϢ
ϢҶϵĺë
ȻҪ˳ǲó˵𣿻ȥʵʵŰɣǸ׳˫ۣĮȻǼԾų̄ӦƸһۣԵúƽ
Ҳ٣ʲôү߾ߣƨһͷŶǵİˣǲмĿǸ׳һۣų̄ϵһͳǸ׳˹ȥ
һĺڵشٽǸǵİ˻ӳȥʱƾ˹ԣٽĴȡ
ҶĹֻһײ棬ͻᱻýǾϣѪɡ
ȻǸ׳һĻȴǰҲûУֻкâһȻôҾͳȫ㡣
⻰һ䣬Ҳû׳ʲôǶǵİ˻ӳѱ׳׵Ľסˡ
оǽסһ㡣
ţ׳һǷǸǵİˣȻ
һɴ̶ƿ֮ų̄ʱǸǵİɵۡ
Ҫġ
ֻǣѾûĻˣ
ֻ飡һ죬Ǹǰ˵Դ˲䱻ҳࡣ
ͷʬ壬ӲͦͦĵѪ֮С
⼸ҪˣֵĹڵϣشҡǲˣˣ
ΪūһͽͳĵطǾ;ԡ׳ָų̄ĻǺӣӵ棬ߵʬϣǲҪĳΪеһԱ
˵׳վԱߵļʿǽΪɣҲЩһ֪ūҲūǵĹء
֪ˣϴ󣡡ʿ¶һ˿ЦһһɫĶ̽ǳǵС
û˿ԥֱӽڵϵߣĨ˲ӡ
̣ɱһ㡣
⼸һʬ崦ɾǸ׳ԶһǱ˫ۣų̄ϣٴ
ʿԣȴһһʬ壬ֱߵ׵ĻǺС
ѪȵһĻڳеӦƸߣ뿪ˡ
ֵܣҿҽסɣҪȻֻҲȥӵιˡʱҶһۣǸ׳ֻѾǧֱ֮뺷ļһϣ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ
˿̣Уޱȡ
һû˵ͨˣ֮ͨȻǧ֮ʵڳ
磬ǲпᣬȻôûˡǸ׳ͬʱҶҲΪϵıǸп
ڵϣзɷѭ
ȨƣɱҲó
ϣֻʵͿԾ˵
һǿΪǿʳ簡
ӺǹĿҶһֵۣҲ̫˰ɣ½ȱľ˿ڣÿ첻֪жˣڸָսð֮У˭ںЩˣ
Ҷû˵ֻüͷһ壬ͻȻſȥ
Ų𣬲ԶĳſڣȻһߡ
ߣʮ꣬Щݣһͷĺڷ·ȴȽĺܡ
̵ˣһϣæǰʩһ
ϣ˼ôˣ׳֮ǰĮ䣬Ѳֺ֮ɫ
ūǵ˵ߵĵλ֮ūǵĳҪ˾η
ضЩˣӦƸ𣿡ҶվĵطһۣȻڵûкһӣϷҪѡҩū
ϣСӦò㿴ϵѪ϶ǳʱûнʳģȴƾһߵӦҪ󡣡׳˵ָָҶ


10 
ףСӾȻҲϷһһͷĺڷ⵽ѵá˳ŵ׳ָķ򣬿Ҷͷڷȴ¶һ˿Цϣӵкڷˣɲ࣬ȻˣҲԵݣСӰɡ
ָҶ֮У˲ݻؾܵζ
ȻҲСӣȥ˸ֱߵҶǰһȻܱУСĸȥϼ񣡡
ҶȻ֪ʲôǸ˹ūǵĵλӦò͡
ͨһ㣬ҶȻᷴԣȻҲûзԵȨ
ûԥҶֱǰ߹һСҶϡ
ţ͸Ϸ߰ɡϵЦͷʹҶȥ
ţȴûϳнֵһ֮С
ҶλߣС·һתһתͻǰһһдУɽȣͳǰ
ɽ֮УһƬɢŨҩҩ԰
ҩ԰֮Уֲ಻֪ҩݡ
߹ҩ԰ҶǰǴССʮʯݡ
ʯݣǷյģܿ£һʯţûһȴ
ϷסĵطûϷūǵˣǲģȻÿһʱ䣬ͻ᲻ٴ塢ɵĴǰﹺһЩūЩˣҪǡǵҪϷҲ㡣
ߴҶһС¥ǰָС¥ߵһӵԺסɣȥЩúϢһ£ٵҡ
˵⻰ҲûҶ߽һȽɵ档
ҶЩæڱѼƿСݵţϷһʳУҲЩͳԡ
֮󣬾һͷԵϣ˯˹ȥ
˵Լиŵĵطˡ
˴峿
Ӻ˯ҶһۣȴһŲϵĴԼǰ
ҶһһſŲ׵ˣһߡ
Сӣ˲ٿͷӾȻ߰һҶַһƤŰһðݸҶ˰ɣ˲ҩģѪ
ǰܾˣҶһ£Žӹҩ롣
һˣֻǿС˯㣬û㣬Ҽ壬ӿŽȥ㰾һҩߵĳҶȻЦЦ
ǰˡ˵ʵ˿̵ҶڴϵΪмָжȻ֪ߣΪʲôԼر𣬵һĵĹػҶȴõġ
ûʲôϷҲиСҲǺһһͷĺڷҪǴδѣСһֻҲС˵ǻʲôЩӡ
ʱҶȴ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ðҩ룬ھͽ֭˸ɾ
߰ɣϷȥЩҶ֭ˣ߱վ˳ȥ
Ҷæ£ߣһƬʯǰ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪԼ
ʯݣķǳ֡
ʯݵ룬ڷһھ޴ͭޡ
ͭ޵ĴСٿʮˡ
ҶֵǣЩͭ޵棬һĻӣϸͭ޼ȡ
ÿһʯݣȫʽģֻҪһϾ޴ʯţ¶ȣָﵽһľ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ʯһһÿһʯ棬аͭޡ
ҶЩͭ棬Ž
֮ңҶëȻĸо
ԾЩͭޣģǿҶϵı飬ͷҲûصЩͭ棬壬һܳŹͿԳΪū
ģҶһ㶣𾪵ϲڿЦɣ
𱻱סˣʵЩͭ¶ȣԶûôֲͭװŵģһЩǳصҩ֭Ļյͭҩ֭Ҳڡūѵūһ֮ͭ氾ԶľʶǿԴūǶеĴ֮
ߣҲϣĴҶһʯǰƿʯţ˼Զ
ϲңūǵūͭްİɣҶͭɢֲ¶ȣ˿ȴôҲ̤ʯݡ
ʲôЦ
ͭ¶ȣѾտҪ棬ֱӸˡ


11 
ͭޣֻܶūڵū찲ūҪ̵ʹ࣬пܴﵽ˵ϣĻͷҶСһҪū֮УȨϷġѵǿôūֻһԼǿľǿȣӵٽܴﵽδڣһ֮ͨУҲԳһΪЩͭޣ˭þõôʵ㣬ӦƸߣȥūɱֻļˣʸʹͭޡЩͭ޴ĹУҪֵĴҩģܹдǣЩҩģ඼ǼΪңǲЩҩģͨūĿˣҲ޸ܡСӱ˱ˣҪԣϷǿŲʹͭޡϣĺֺЦҶɣֻҪܳŹȥٶȣǻŲСԺҲΪҰ¡
ҿƴˡҶҲͷ˵Щͷб˲ռɵӵ뷨Ҷҧѽ߽ʯݡ
ãеӺšҶ˽ϣĺЦһֱǰסͭ޵ĵӣһ´˿
ͭһټ˹ˡݣͭ淭ڡ
ϣóһľһ߽һ߿ڵͨ˵֮ȻЩߣֻҪﵽūĳ̶ȣ˺ѱǧ󶦣Ҳڻ¡
ǧ󶦣˵жǿͨ˵̶ֳܹȣҶɫһ䣬𾪲ѡ
ȻΪﵽξǼޣūϣū˵֮ͭУʼðһѪѪ
һĻϣͻȻڵСӣɣͭް˵һֿ̣ҪμǣԵÿп࣬ΪˣֵͭԽãõĺôԽࡣ
ģƴˡҶҧϵ·һѣͬһ㣬ͭԱߵһݣȻ۾һԾֻͨһ֮ͭУһƬˮ
ȥһ˲䣬ϣĵϣʱ¶һ˿Цݣæٰͭһۣͭ޶ˡ
ҿǰʲôҩ̣֭ܲˣҳȥŸһȥͭҩ֭ȫտһ̵ˣȼһ㡣
ʹ࣬
ڴˣ
Ҷҿ϶ԼǱ˸ˡ
ϣȴͭޣȻһЦСӣϷû㣬ͭȷʵūģһϷȴԸıһڲṹֶ˼ζҩģɵñϷΪã氾Űɣˡ
԰գϣȴŴ󷽲ڵ뿪
ҶĺУѡӡ
֪˶ãҶоԼɤӣƺҪˡ
˿̵ǽ̫̫İ¯ʹֱ࣬
ҶҧгţײͷײͭޣͼͨԲеķʽϵʹࡣ
ϣȻҲ뵽һ㣬ǰ˹ڲһĤ
һҶײͭޣҲͷ˺
ûһᣬҶ͸оԼϵƤ⣬ƺһı졣
ͬʱͭҩ֭ҲϴƤ⣡
ģǸ˵Ķ֮Ҳ̫˰ɣҲ٣Ҳٲٲ٣ҶʱǳʹԼǰδеҪûʹȥˡ
һʹȥҲǿʹˡ
ϣĲ֪˶ã³ʯ֮С
ͭԱߣͭҩ֭һ˿˿͸Ҷ壬ǿƤ⣬Ľǣ¶Цݡ
Сӣ棬ܼʮӣѾǼˣʱˣȻûʹȥϷûۡСһټӰ壬ؼΪĪĶֵԽã͵õĺôҲԽһԣʮϵˣԺ󶼿ԽūĲΣְܼʱϵˣԺٿԳΪūһʱǳΪūҲָտɴ飬ϧǻûʥūţ˵ūǵĴʼˣһʥūһεĴڣǳһͨ˵ķΧƾǿֻ¾һЩͲε߶ϣҲηʲôɡֻǿϧūǵĴʼˣū棬ûˣԴﵽǸΡϣĻҲһҶĶС
ͽ߿ô仰ʹ֮еҶڤڤץס˵ʲôѾðһɸΪǿٴο
ûˣܳΪһߣҶһֱԼԺĵ·ã
ϣĵһʱһ磬˲仮е֮䣬һ˷ܶĿꡣ
ɣܲܽˣҶУȻһٴ񣬵ֿһԼʹҪȥĹҩ֭
һ˲䣬壬Ȼһı仯
оһ˿泩ʼѪ֮Уʼ˴ɹҩ֭ʹ࣬Ҳûôǿˡ
ֻ˹ˡУͭ޲Ϸݶ
еҶȫͨ죬ȴûƤݵףһƤһ
ͬʱͭ棬Щҩ֭ҲǲͣҶ֮С
Ҷ壬Ҳʱʼ͸һЩٺڷʡ
֮е
壬õҪЩҲһһϴ˳


12 
ʱҶԵøӾըˡ
ҶȻ֮䣬һָоһԼǰҲԼȭͷҳһӡǡ
˵Ҷǰ壬ŰٽôڵҶİٽ
֮ͭаʱۼҩ֭ҶȻûҪĻȥ˼
ԱߵϣģҲ¶֮ɫ
˿̵ҶƳȻ¶ʹ쳣ı飬Ȼʹ࣬ĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ڵƺܼȥ
Сӵô˱̬ϷΣǼ񵽱ˡϣͭҶ𾪹ȴһļ
֪ǹȥ
Ҷƺû˼ʱͭҩ֭ѾҶһ˿ʣյˡ
ɣҩѾˣٴ棬ҲûʲôЧˣϣǿаеļƽĽ޸ǣ˿
Ҷ֮ͭУһƺǳĳľ֮С
ȵͭĻ棬ϨҶ˫ۡ
۵ҶѾ򿪵Ĺ޸ǣû˵ʹͭ˳
СӣôϷûƭɡϣĵЦҶǲһһȭܺ䱬һʯĸо
Һˣ˲٣ȫ£ʹǲǴѾﵽūĲΣҶһȭͷоȫ£űը
ĳҶ壬˴ΰıǿ˲١
ֻĳﵽūĲΣһЩ룬Ҫ㳹̺ҩ֮󣬲ܴﵽūĲΡϣĿҶһۣȴ˵һūľ
Ҷԣȴ΢΢һϵҩҪãܳ
ںüɣԺÿ춼ô壬һ𽥼ӴҩԼͭ޵¶ȣϣ˵ͻȻһˣ͵ΪֹҾͽһūš
һūţҶ΢΢һūҲҪ𣿡
ֻžһ
ҶŸո£ϣĵİƣѾϡ
ֻһӡֱӳҶϡ
ҶסԼлһͷң
ϣȴƽûУ
Ҷֱӱߵ裬ӳһԣ
ûǾûо򵽡
žһ£ҶһҲú
һ£ۼϣҪ
ͣͣͣҶˣҶˣҶ͵ĺ˼ϣĵ㲻ҪңΪһūţӦô򲻻֣ڣ˳𣡡
֪ͺãҪūǺúȥ͵üסһ㡣ϣĺĵ˵ͷһСӵЩǮȥɣ
ǮʲôҶӹǮɻ
֪ͭ޵ĺô֮ץʱ䣬ˡ
ЩǮȥеĽгϷЩҩĻ˵ϣȡһŷӣҶܲд˸ָҩݡ
ҶվԭûʯͭޣϣĺֺЦ֮ݽϣͭӡ
ֻ˵ϣȴǰֹһӵҩ֭һˣ㹻ǴʮΣѾģһԾˣûҩģݸƨ
ҪϣЩҵףֿҶȽ˳ۣǿԼǮȥҩġ
ҶеǮȥȴһ¿㣬ͷ
Сӣ̫ˣһ·ɡϣĽЩ·׹֮󣬾תȥˡ
ҶҲûװһ·˳ȥ
һؤװͳͳͭ޵Ļ棬Ϊ˻ҽ
ūǣȻһѵū͵ĳǳأҲʮ˿ڣ˵һС͵ĳУҲ
Ȼūĳǳأ½˵ȴǹģСĳǳأΪ½ĵʵڹޱߣԭʼɭܼ޺гûһ㶼Ǻܶ˾һס
Щۼأǧ˿ڡ
Ҷ󣬵һοĳ
ֳĻľۼأоķǳ
ǰУҲŲˣûһۣͿʼ˴
еʵоϢ
ŴȺҶɵ¶һ˿ĵЦݡ
Ϲ꣬Ѫ
ػľУմֻҪʮö˱ңͿѡһ
ӡ⴮ʲôʲô
ŽϵĽҶӵȺһСԵ̯λǰ̯λСԵζҶʵܲסջ󡭡
ϰ壬̯λϵСԣ룬ٱһþơҶ촽úοһԼϾЩܾ˸ּζ
ֵֻܰСԵģûưҶҪƣ̯λȴһɫ
ҶҲǸɴֱ࣬׸һöرңͷȥоƵĵطʣȫˡ
ϵĻңҶҲ֪һЩġ
½ͨңҪ֣һ˱ңǵرҡ
һöرһö˱ҡ
һ˱ҹֵϵİԪ󳮲ࡣ
ϣһˣһµĳнҲͼʮһö˱ҡ
Ҳ˵һرң൱ϵһǧ󳮡
Ҷ־һöرңС̯˵ѵõĴԿˡ
Ǯͺð£С̯ܿܵһСƹݣ˾ƣ˳Ҫ˼¾ƵСˡ
ϺøСԣҶʼ
ȻЩСԵζզģʱ򣬳Եľôһζǡ
ϣһҶʮöرңζһöʣʮöرҡ
ҩ裬ҲʮöرҰˡ
Ҳ˵ϣĸöرңҶȥӻ


13 
궫֮С̯ϰһһö˱ңڽйһ֮󣬻ǾȥгϣҪҩ˵
ϾǴ£ԺָЩҩĴˡ
ҪԼԺȵ𣬽ҩĵǮӻˣǿɾͲϣĽˡ
ҶҸˣһ½гķʱ
ȴֵԶһֵϺУŸ֦һõɮۣŶϣ˼ǳ۵Ľ̡
˺Цǣһһ˫۾ĶŹ֮˵Ǯ
һʹ÷ǾǸߵˣǽסԼĴǮǽ䱸ԶĿǸУһΨֱ֮ģ
ϺУҲ൱иԣۼ֮ˣԸЩˣҲ֮Աǣûֵ˼
ϺҿҪѰźʵֵʱȴͻȻƼֵԱߵҶ
ڿҶһ˲䣬Ϻжʱ˫һ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫæ˹ҶǰСһϺнԵָһ
ҶҪȥ·ͻȻ˵ԼǰһΪǼõˡ
ȵ·ߣֻһЩݵϺʱʱüͷһϺУðģ
Ϻޱ飬˫һϣЩĪϺˣϺǣʵϺ汦ֻԵ֮ˣŻõϺеĿءʲôѣϺж԰һṩڷ񣬵ȻϺշѣǳˣÿΪṩһηҲʮö˱ҵķѡ
ҿԭˡۼϺԽ˵ԽףѶ˳Ҷһ׹ڵϵʱ򣬼ˡ
λйˣŪַƭӡ
ֲԱߵˣϺоǱˡ
ҶȻҲ򽻵ɲ뱻ƭڿ㶼
ϺУԾԷ֪Ѷˡ
㲻
㲻ǿΪҽκ
Ҫôү㡣
뵽Ҷüͷһƽ·Ҫؼңܰ𣿡
򵥣ϺֻҪָ̽·һգͿɸҳĳأϾһˮһˮˣκεطŸֲͬķòһ£ϺΪҵؼҵ·
ҶôҲ뵽ϣȻĶԸ˵òҵĳ֮ء
ϺȴûҶϵ飬ȻĴӻһ⾵ֻžӣŲæҶǰһ£ټһɫ֮̽⣬Ӿ˳
һ֮̽Ҷϣ֮϶ʱĹŹĻ
Ϻָ̽·ǵ½߳⣬ر½ķñĵϢֻҪϵòڿعָ·֮һգܿҳʲôطˡ˵Ϻа۾ҶɲˣҪҰҵ˻ؼҵ·ʮö˱ңɲ١
˵⻰Ϻжʱҿ㵽ʲôطˣףôûҵԵϢӦòܰһ¡
ȥС죬Ϻûָ̽Ͼ棬ҵйҶĳأҵؼҵ·ˡ
ҶһЦϺе㲻ˣôҵؼҵС£ˣ
ϺһΣͷϵḶ̌ЦϺָ̽·Ϣ̫û¹ˣԲųʵСֵָ֪ܲ̽·Ȼ½طòϢ½嫣ͨˣķһѪֻҲ߲½֮һĵһ̫ĵطû¼ָ̽·֮УϺ룬ӦСֵĵطȽƫƧûصϢ
ҶȴЩɻ󣬰˵ԭˣ֮أ൱ƽġ
ңҲۺޱȣôûء
һ£ҶҲ벻ȻҲûˡ
ָ̽·ָ֮·ʧܣϢԭ
Ͼ꣬ɲ硣
ƾӣЩĵˣĳȥģЩЩ©ĵطʵ̫ˡϺкܿͽҪΣƵָ̽·ϣһµ֦ЦҶСֵܣʲôҪûУϺһ£ûó߰
ϺŪԼĿ࣬Ҷȴ̧Ŷȥˡ
ҶϺһ֣ͶԼǮͿԿϺǮˣ˻ˣûı¡
뽫ϣҩǮϺȦȥ
ϺмҶҪߣæ׷ȥеСֵܣ߰ϺﻹкöأСֵİɣһ֣ԿǼΪõġã֪ԼǱô֪Լܴﵽһ𣿡
Ҷԣ΢΢һͣ½ŲϺУ壬ҪǱʣ


14 ʮһ
Ϻһ׷ϢȻȻͨ˲ܳΪߣͨ˶ǿģߣ֮ǿ֣֮ǵǱйء
ҶɻˣǲǱһ˵βϣѵŲǱʵĶ
ϺһҶСֵܣ㵽Ǵʲôطģ½ĳʶȱ
Ҷȴ鵭ȻԴӼ𣬾һֱɭ֮УҰΪ裬ǰЩӣŵūǵǰأҽūǣΪһҩū
ԭˡϺлȻĵ˵ͷڿԿ϶ǰûһ½ʶãͷԺݺһ
뵽ϺкеΪҶ˵½û˵ˣڲ޵֮·ǰͽ۹Լ֮ϡǰ˵Ŭ֮Ƿչĵ˼½ߣܴﵽ߶ȣǻֳȼǱʡһ˵ǱʣֱӾȼһ˵Ǳʣĵ֮䣬ӵǱʵ壬ɴﵽūĲΣٶǳ˵ҡǱʴﵽߣǿԴﵽūĳ̶ȣӵٴ󶦣ʯǱܴﵽ˵ߣǿԳΪū˵ߣǶһĵͽߣҲξ֮ȻޣǾŵʮ㣬ˣһ˵ҲֻеūǵĴߣﵽĲΡߵǱʣģϺҲǲֻ֪֪˵ǿйأǿģҲǲɱġһʹκ˵ǱʣѾעˣϺһǱ򡯣幤רǱʵĶÿһâʹһǱʵ㣬Ǳʣ˵ΪҪĴ°СֵܣӦûûвԼǱʰɣ£ǧٻˣֻ֪ԼǱʣȥѰʺԼŽд塣Ҫǲ֪ԼǱʣѰؼ壬±벻˵ܲΪصĺΪһߣƽص飬ҪŪԼǱ
˵ϺоȻĴӻУһȭͷСɫˮ򵱣Ҷһ˵ҪԼȥ幤ǱʣҪʮö˱ңɣԵʮö˱Һˡ
Ϻ˵ҧгݣòҶռĪıһ㡣
Ҷһʱ䣬ҲЩԥˡ
ǱʣϺ˵ôҪΪʲôϣûΪԼ
ѵûвߣ
ԲЩʱ
ʮö˱ңȻе󣬵Ҷ˵ʲô
ϾпɶõǮ˱ҡ
ﻨʮö˱ңһԼǱʣƺҲǲ
ҶֱӴǮ֮Уȡʮö˱ңϺǰ׵ǮҲһ£׼Ǯ͸㡣
ϺдϲæҶַɫˮϣҶָʼ˲Ǳ
ɫˮҲ֪ʲôƳɵģӨ͸һ͹㡣
Ҷոսַ棬ͼˮЩ͹㣬һһ
Ϻ۾㣬һһϸѾ͹㣬Сֵܣ㻹ģǱʵ㣬Ҳﵽͨ׼ˣнȥŪһȽϼ򵥵ؼףôˣѾ߸ˡû˵꣬һ͹㣬Ϻһ߸Ǳʵ㣬ǳͨ׼꣬㻹ѡһȽϸűȽϺá
ǣеġá֣ûһĿɿڴ飬ˡ
߸͹֮󣬺澹Ȼ
һգ۵ʱ䣬ʮǱʵ㣬ʮǱ㡣
ϺеɫԽԽˡ
˵ʮǱʵߣܴﵽʮǱʵߣûм
ɽ飬ں档
Ϊˮϵ͹㣬ڲϵֱʮǱʵ㡭
Ϻиֱӿɵˡ
ˮϵǱʵ㣬ҶǱʣȻﵽ˶ʮһ㣬Ϻм˹ȥ
ܣǲܵ飬ʮǱʣǼˣ½ûǸ壬ܹӵʮһǱʣǲܣԲܡ
ϺȻܽĽ
ҶҲûЩףǱʣˡ
Ǳʣ˵йء
ԽǿǱԽǿ
꣬ǴԽģڴԽʱ򣬻ԭ˵ꡣ
һʹǿȣȻԶͨˡ
ΪʲôﵽֲĶʮһǱʵ㣬꣬ڴԽʱյʱ򣬷ʲô䣬֮꣬УҲǿ˲ٰɡ
Ȼйһ㣬ҶһܣΣҲܸ߱˵ġ


15 
֮ϺҲعˮϵЩ͹㣬ȴһҧгݵЩļ̣ȻЩλӣӻȥǵĵꡭ
˵ϺһѿˮҶЩ˼⣬ҲһʱûˣԣǸţǻˣŶһǻˡ
Ȼ֪ˣӦûȥһޣ˵㣬ǳŪˣҲٽװðɣû£ҾˡҶǵȻɨϺһ̧ۣȥ
ϺȴæסҶЦݵСֵܣǰûãǻһŵ鰡
Ҷ΢΢һ㻹ţ
ϺȴصЩţϺУ˴ۣŪģŵļ۸񣬿ɱȽϸߣģҲҪһö˱ҡ֮⣬ϺϣмȽϸ߼ţ⼸ļ۸Ҳ΢һЩֻҪ˱ңҾ
˵ֻϺнɮһƣһƾɵƤʮ֮ࡣ
ЩؼһһҶǰſڵСֵܣҪһ㾡ѡ
صؼҶһ
һţֻҪһȥ򣬾һȷѪꡣ
½ţȻϵ־ܿһİǰ
ϺȴûҶĳ˼ʮؼ֮УһݸҶСֵܣߵȵؼֱӴūĲΣҲϺõһö˱ңģ
ö˱ңҶЦһ£ûж˵ʲôֻ˶ָ
ʲôö˱ңСֵܣҲ̫˰ɣɱ壬ޣ
˵Ҷתߡ
ҿСֵܣݣҿۣðɣðɣö˱ˡϺһе
ҶЦһͳöر׸һţʵлô
һ⻰ϺжʱЦĿҶСֵܣգϺû׬ʲôˣͱǲϺУв
ǲ㣿Ҷɻ⻰ʲô˼
Ϻԣʱһۣʱǰλһȱ½ʶļһֻĽ˵ߵؼΪ䡣Ϊϡ٣ÿһ䣬ǿšȻһЩϵεĵͽ׵䣬һЩ͵ϣǮ򵽣ּ䣬ֻͽľ硣ʿ䣬ͳͳһЩУҪּ䣬ҲǲУֻҪ㷢ѪѪģǸˣǻԺΪĹֵʹһЩĿھȻ޾ԡ½׵յܲźܶǿߣĳЩ⣬ʱǻƽѧԼΪһѻҽʱеĻѡһЩطѧһЩǳĴ֮ɢ½ĸ䣬ȴԵ֮ˡ½֮ϣһѪУԵߵ֮һԵԻдһͷĿڸ֮УпܵһǿߴУпܣһƽڴ̵֮һƿǿ֮·Щ˵ûиݵġΪ½֮ϣĴڣһ½һɢߡΪŸԵĴУԸҪʲôЧңҲͺܺõȥ֮һƬ漣ûʲô飬ǾԵġ⻰ҲǸˣ漣Ĵ½½пܣ
ҶŶ½һ˽⡣
ˣϣĵλҶԴЩΣϺе
ʲôλϺҶ⻰һѵ֪߶ūūūֵȼǵȻֻΪߵūšΪһ£ͿԸ߽аˣ˼ƿ֣Ƿף硭ɱһ壬Ҳǻӻֵ顣
Ҷԣȴüͷһӻֵ飿˵߽ūΣͿԲͽ𣿡
Ϻ̾˿νĵͽߣ˵һЩǼҲûͽֻܴﵽǼͽǵͲͨģң֮УҲмˣԴﵽūĲΡСֵܣҲҪ̫ģԺܽūĲΣʱҸƫһطҲδزܳΪһҪ֪½ĵ죬Ǵĳ񣬶ߵҲǺܶ࣬һЩȽϷĵطҲġЩûԪּȱԴĻ֮أЩ߹ߣǲȥˣֻҪгɣ½֮ϣǴеطġ
ȻȥһߵĵطһҶɬҡҡͷҪԼܽߵĲΣ飬Ҳǲˡ
Ǳʵ㣬ȴǸڶʮһ㡣
һŵǱʵ㣬ܴﵽūĲΡ
֪ԼߴʮһǱʣܴﵽʲôĲΡ
Ϻнö˱СպãһתִӻһЩҶۡ
ȴԶͻȻһŭ𣺡յӣΪװһϺУϲ㣬ƨ裬ƿյЧûƤԽԽˣⰤǧģס㣬һƨ㲻ɣ
һ䣬ֻһٴﵽİٽĿ븾ֳһŹмɱǷŭ߿˹
Ϻлͷһƣʱһҿ׸ʮƿ裬Ҳʮö˱ң㲻գҲܵǳԲǣбҪô׷ɱ𣡡
æһĨ˺һƤߣ¶һŲҶ϶ٵӣҶ͵ֵܣ֮Ըģүɲ˻
ϺУȻһӻװģҶ֮ǰ;ϺͷḶ̌ôôĿԭֻһƤߡ
ӽƤ˺֮ƺҶסԼȣȺ֮Уһ̲Ӱ
ӣ㲻˻￳㣡Ǹ뺷ˣȻޱȣȴҲģ˿磬ֱ׷Ӷȥ
Ҷţסˡ
Ѿģ汻˰ɣ
뵽Ҷæһţֱӿּԣ˿
ؼ٣ûãǻûȥϣ֪


16 
ūǣǳҶһμĳǳأȻ£͸ʡ
йһᣬеǵҩģҲûȥˡ
סһˣʵūǽг֪Ǹ򣿡
Цū֮УԽн׵ĵطȥˣϵĵ̣ԽнףҪȥЩˣȥгʲô
˵˴˫ָ˼ԵĺܣҪ·͵·ѡ
ҶҲʶȤһö˱ң˵С
˽ǮһգٺһЦСֵܹȻˬ
Ǯָķȥг·ϸ˵ˡ
ҶŪгȥ·֮ǰȥǰ洫һƮɣ𶯣ȴдѲ
ǰǽ죬Ҷɶûм˹ģѲʽһʱ棬æվ·ߣ̧ͷȥ
ԶԶȥֻһӺ¼ʿѺʮ󳵣ӽֵһߣʻ
ԭūǹūģûʲôر
Ҷ漸ʮ󳵣ǿյģаԳԾһ󳵣ٿװذūмʮ󳵣ٿװؼٸūǺηȻһԹôū͡
ʱȻҲһЩǰūǹūֻǵϼūϴˣʮū
ȻҪһԹūҶҲº棬ʶһµǺηϸȥ
ʮ󳵣һӼʿΧš
ЩŴ֮⣬ڶǰӣǳĳ
ʮ׼ʿ
ΪߣһŰɫˡ
ˣһͷҶȥδޡ
ͷޣеϬţȫȴֲƬβ棬һżĹǴ̡
ҶһĻаͷ޵ĹܣϵƥһҲ·ģǸˣֻƣͿɶ϶Ӧһˡ
ɨˣٽȥȴЩ棬顰Īϡ֡
ҶһǴ½֮ϵҴ˰ɣ
Ȼ֪ĪǺηʥֻԷһԹūͿԿĵ̣Ӧ÷ǳۺ
ӣǰУֵ֮ϣû֮ǰ
ʱֵ֮ϣҰˣԶԶÿ˵·վڽֵߡ
ߣҲҴһڡ
ҶⷬƣҲһݣ˵˽ֵߡ
֮ϣޱȣգȻ
Ȼʱ顱һ֪أһ裬ӿе
Ҷ֮䣬̧ͷȥȴԶһ¥֮ϣһӣɫץһӣȥ
һĻҶףǸӲСģһ裬̨¶Ҫˡ
ҵϺѵƬĴɣһЩýǸ˵ϡ
һͷЩƬһ£ʱһУǰ
ˣôһƣæӽȵȣסһͷ
ȻסˣЩ󳵣ȴͣ£ʱ˴ײ
һʱ䣬֮ϣ˻ҳһƬ
һߵĸףһĻˡ
ȫ亹סԼӣ̨ϣɪɪ
Ǹˣɫֻ࣬һӣһޣسһ߸׵ϣôԼĺӣҲס
Ȼһӳ鵽ƤʹޱȣȴҶֻſڵ£ĵ𷣵ǣСԺһúùźӣˡ
һֵһţ´ΣҪȫҵ˵תź˵ûˣ߰ɡ
һߣžһ죬Ҷ΢΢һԶԶȥֻǸϵˣǱһƳɵ˵֮ϡ
Ǹ˵ߣȴѾһꡣ
Ǹ˵Ļ裬˱СݣԱôūĪҵЦһ𣿡
˵߼ʿҽ￴ֵūͳͳץȻūǵĳȥһǮ˵ֵϵūүȫˣ
һԼʿԣ׷
һЩʿǸֺõүĲ࣬ȥҲûʸūͣүҪЩūǾүץЩ׳ߡ
˵ţʼԽֵϵˣʼһΧ
˵С⼸仰ҶĶУͷһǰƺϣЩӵıУٸˣҰһԭҰӣЩӹЦ乭һ
ЩˣӵԶˣһХȥյһ㣬ߣճһź̼
ıУЩʿ˵˿Ϊ죬Ȼǿеүȥ顣
Ⱥѱ²ūȥֻɫںвס
ūǵūκˣֻҪǮͿй
Щ֪СΪµūʱŵû겻塣
ЩʿҲֻū֣һЩụ̄ˣȫû
һĻҶһ̾ȥ
˭֪Ǹ꣬УȻȻߵҶҲһģ
ֻ¡ҲûʲôĹâǿ֮еһƣıһ㡣
һεĴͻأѹҶϡ
Ҷϵ·ֱӱ飡
һѪ˵壬ݺݵ˵ϡ


17 ٱ
ֻǸ꣬һӣ
Ҷ壬ȻʧȥԼĿƣշȥ˰Ľ¡
ҶӵȻߣѵûүѾֵϵū𡣡
˵⻰վһŽҶߵʿߣȻСӿã±ӣҪһ
԰գûҶˡ
Ȼ˿̵ҶһķŭȴȻĵ
һֱΪԼʲôϡ
磬ֻҪúõĻȥˣֵǮ
ڲŷ֣Լˡ
ϣǰһֱ֮صԺ
԰裬ŷ֣Լ϶סϣʲô壡
ҶһθоʵϣжٵҪ
ڵϣŷɵػǿˣֱӵױ˵
ϣʵʹһС
ʵͿκι֮ϡ
ҶͻȻоеҪǿ
ϣ
ϣܹ룡
룬ԼһС
ҪҶϵȫȻһߵѹڵȴûа㷴
Ҷѹ֮󣬻ϵ˫֮УɢĺĿ⣬һѹסҶļʿŰ꿪ڵүһڻǳĵȻжŨɱȻСĲ˺һëСĿ񣬾ЩȽ˫۸˰ɡ
Ǿ˰ɣֻһУû۾Ҳ˴šԣɨҶһۣƽûҶеĺ⣬ϡ
ǸʿԣһЦȡһУҪ֡
ĪӣֻﹺūģûбҪΪһӿնĻ裬ޱߵɱ¾ɣܷСŮһ棬Щ޹ˣ
ʱһ֮УͻȻһ鶯󣬳һһɫӰͳǰ
峺ͫףüȻɴܸоһƯ˵Ư
裬֬
ۣ˱ʣĿһʢ徻о
С㣬ڿϴˣŮӳæתӭȥŮӵһ·ϣ˵ʲô㶼ң²ߣС㲻Ҫ֣
ŮŰ꣬Щε֪䣬Ǿϲɱ֮ԽһС£Ҫɱ䣬Ϊ˱ҳ
Ůӵĳȴ΢΢һЦСϧְ취֪ʲôʱſϺ˵ˡ
˵һ֣ͷҲûصûСĻ𣬻˷ˡ
һڼʿԣʱſ˶Щūѹ
ѹҶļʿֻҶϣһ£ҲʲôҶ;һɣȫѹʱվ
ɣЩū˵ȥӵļȥūˣӵУҲ̫ܵˣһ˦һɾϮ
Ҷһڱ׽ūʱûһվסȫһ磬ô˽ֵߣڵϴ򼸸ͣ
ҶֱӹˮУ
ʵūҲǱޱȣۿųԶȥȴǲҶ˵֣
֮裬հٱҶŰһ󳵣һƬѪ죬˫ֽգָУγѪȴ޸о
үСӻڿǵĳأҪҪ¹ȥһ޵ˣͷпҶ񣬾һߵүĳԣӧ
ǵԺıɣҿҶڵķϣɱӵˣĺȥˣһū⡣
֮У˶ҶĲм
УҶˣͬϣһŶ֪Բ١
Ҷպе𣬻ԸһȤ
ҹӣµʱ򣬾͹ԭ䱸ɭϵסլĳʱ䣬ɾ裬ȴڽԻ
רŵȴЩҴ̿š
Щʱһʮ֮ͣһ⣬Ǹд̵ˣûлų
ЩҹӣϷ֮Щ̿ͣҲͺĴˡ
ҶԺѰӣ˵еڴˡ
Ҳɴ˿ɼҶǴﵽһּӵĳ̶ȡ
һ󳵵ŮӣĻҲǻͷ濴ҶһۣĿ΢΢һǸˣϧˣûˣҪȻһΪ
˵֮䣬˴һƬҳ֮Уʧ˽ֵľͷ


18 
ҶҩģصСʯ֮Уһһ֮ͭд壬ȡմﵽūĲΡ
һﵽūĲΣǱʣﵽ˵ϵߣҲҪ£ǰʱ䣬пܡ
ҶԼʣΪ˽⣬Ǳʵ㣬ߴʮһ㣬Զˡ
Կ϶ԼڴﵽūĲΣӦҪ˶೤ʱ䡣
Խʱ䣬ҶǳԷ˯Ҳʯݵ֮ͭжɹġ
ϣĿһĻҲûֹ
ϵ쿴Ҷ飬֪ҶӦʲôҪȻҲƴ
ңϣҲ֪ҶﵽūĲΣҪٵʱ䡣
һԣߣǰūūʮ֮󣬲пܴﵽūĲΡ
һ˵УĴٶȣ൱ˡ
ҶĿ꣬ҪڰڣﵽūĲΡ
Է˯ͭޡ
Ҷʼü
żҩĲ֮ʱ֮ͣ⣬Ҳû뿪СʯһԵȵģҪϣͽ
Ĵ壬ĴٶȣȻǴﵽ˾˵ĵز
ʮ죬ʮʱ䣬ͳɹﵽūĲΣ
ĴٶȣȥߣΪ֮
һգ֮ͭҶſ۾ڲһ㵭ӫ⣬飬ȴԵúƽ
Լ˶̵ʱڣﵽūĲΣƺûԵùڵļ
ڵҶ˵ϣǶ˼ֳȡ
ûнԼĴϣġ
֪ϣĶԼǳչˣʮ֮ڣʹﵽūε飬κ˵̫ˡ
Ϊ˱һЩҪ鷳ԼӦõ͵һ㡣
ﵽūĲ֮ͭ޵ĴЧǼΪˣͭޣҲֻҪﵽūĲΣﵽūĲΣûһطˡ
Ҷ¶ֳ֮ɫʼԺ֮УһЩ֪ʶ
һ˵ūǵߣﵽūĲΣȥѰһЩȽĵطȥĥ塣
Щˣѡٲ´塣
Щˣѡں߾˵Ļ´塣
ߣרѰһЩ񱩵ķ֮УϬĿ֮Уд塣
ҪﵽūĲΣ͵ѡøּ˵ֶΣ̼ԡ
־ǣܴﵽūĲΡ
֮أҶһâȴ뵽һط
֮ʰһҶϣ˸٣㹻ĸ뿪ūǣȥ
ϣĶҶҲ֮֮ûĴ㡣
Ҷ֮ԽһƬɭ֡
Ϊһطȷʵʺϴ塣
֪Լδʱ䣬ܻе㳤Բ׼˶ϣĴ˸к
ֿȭҶ󲽵̤ǰǸԾ˿ͷɭ֡
Ȼ֪һƬʲôɭ֣ȴ֪ƬɭֵΧǾûʲô޵ġ
ϴһͷޣҲֻˣġ
һ·ϣûʲôޣֻһЩͽСҰޡ
ƾҶڵ̧֣־֮䣬мٽԸЩҰޣȷʵʲô
˳ֽͷҰޣƳ֮ͷ·ˡ
֮ҶǰһƬӣ˿ڴ¶ͷϵĺˮڵˡ
ѾƬɭǧˡ
ΪﾭûҰޣǳִͣԾԵˣȽ١
ǰԶһɳȵ
Χ¶ȣҲҶ֪ԼĿصˡ
һɽȣڷɵĻ棬鲼ɽ֮һ
ɽ֮еʯտĳޱȡ
ȻֵǣɽĻ棬ȴûаƮɢ˼һصľҲҶ̾ڴȻ棡
һһɳȵ˳ĺڣʹϵϸΪ֮һ
һɽȣϴĵط
ֻڣޣûˡ
Ǹˣһ뿪˰ɡ
ҶȿڣϸãΪĵ˵ͷ̾Ȼһıأ֮ͭд죬ֲһ
Щ֮У̫ҩѡּ˵ķʽ̼ڳҩ޷Чıա
ߣ֮ڴﵽūĲκȥѡһЩյĥԼ壬ҪΪ˳ճڵҩ
һ̣ȴ൱
һԣ꣬ҲǴпܵġ
Ҷɽ֮Уҵһ͹ʯ
һʯ棬׶ߣԼʮƽ
ֿԷֹһЩ޵ϮһʯûɽȵĻ֮С
ȵ㣬Ǵĺõط


19 츳
Ҷڱǿľģǰδеǿҡ
½ֻǿ߲һУֻǿߣܱסԼϡ
ûʵעֻܳΪ˵ļ̤Įӡ
Ҷٴܵ˲ڽŵ׵ĳ裬ҲԼԺҪزصĹӡ
һ죬ط塣
Ҫ֤ҪеǸԶķ
ڵլʽҲΪԼƽûʲôҰġ
磬Ǳʵ㣬ߴʮһûˣҲ˳ΪǿߵıǮ
ԣһ̵ҶѲƽȥ
Ȼһͳ½ɱ𣬿Ҫ֤Լϣңڣ޾ȥ
½ߣܵǱʵƣǿߣҲֻܴﵽʥūĲΡ
ǰūͿûǼͽı׼㣬ôﵽʥūߣӦúǼͽûʲôͬˡ
½ߣȼΪĸΣҲ֮Ϊūľ
ֱΪūūūʥū
½˿Խ壬ūĲΡ
һߣܴﵽūĲΣѾ൱ˡ
ڴﵽʥūߣһĴڡ
ͻʥūﵽһεߣȴֻǴڴ˵֮С
ҪԭǣߵľﵽߵʥūΣҲཫˮֵĳ̶ȣȻڴϣǿǼͽĿ⣬ȴǼͽһ
ΪߣֻҪͽ֮پһʮ
ߣǴﵽʥūļ£ҲǺͨһֻа˾ʮ
ԣһѡˣڴﵽūĲ֮󣬾Ͱȥߵūȥˣû˭Ըٽʱ;֮ϡ
û˵ˣ֮£Ųòȥġ
ߵĿģǳ򵥣ǾǶһ壬ſԸõΪ߰
Ȼԭ򣬴ΪǱʵԭΪǱʵ㲻ߣƴȥ壬Ҳܴﵽϸߵĳ̶ȡ
ҶϴιţԺйһ飬Ϳʼ˴塣
صķת֮£Ҷķ֣׾ͽ֮мصת֮һ졭
ͬʱҲоһصĽ֮Уת
ʲô
˽ǣǵūľ硣
ѵԼֻתһţʹﵽ˵ūĲΡ
Ҷܾ죬תţ֮еû˿谭ͨޱȡ
˵˿̵Ҷʵʵڴﵽ˵ūĲΡ
⵽ΪԼţΪԼǸߴʮһǱʣ
ڳ˵ҪܳϵҩԼֻתһţˣ
ߣԼͭ޵ʱҩûг
뵽ҶվһȭĹȱȥֻʯм׷֮󣬹ȱ֮ϣѳ˸ȭӡ
һȭڹȱ֮ϵûиоʹۣڹȱϵ֣Ҳûаˡ
ҶһѾףȷʵĵūĲΡ
Ҳ˵ֻʮӵʱ䣬ʹﵽ˵ūĲΡ
ﵽūΣʮ졣
ﵽūȴֻʮӡ
ϢǴ￪ȥҶ֪ԼһץߣֱƬо
Ҳף֮Ի֮ͭҩʱ򣬸ûаÿһҩˡ
ֻŵĵ£׽֮֮аˡ
ҶУʱϲ
ֽȣ˵ԶʱڣͽūĲΣʥūĲΣҲ޿ܡ
һҶ֮ǰļƻҲǱˡ
ɽĻ棬̼Լ壬Աճҩ
ȴûҪˡ
Ϊ˽ι̣ҶǾɽ棬һ
Ḷ́ǳҲûаʱ
ת֮䣬һȥ
ʯ֮ϣǺҶʱͻȻվһ
ȫĹͷһͣҶϣ¶һ˿Цݣǿĸоء
һȭţֻʯмһ󾢷֮УϽš
ڵʵǶԼ֮УǸûǼӣӦżʤɣҶһȭ֮ͻȻԼ˫֣Ʋ
ҶȴǸ߹Լˡ
࣬Ҳһͨĵūߡ
ϾţҲƾūһ߿⡣
ǸߣһûǼͽҲҶԿġ
ҶͻȻûüֵ£ƾڵֱҷһûǼͽߣкܴļܹɹġ


20 ҩ
ڣҶ壬Ѿﵽڵĳ̶ȡ
νūūūĲΣʵǶӦѪΡ
ǣôѡ
ΨѪ֮󣬲̤ĵš
ھѪͨᴿᴿѪһҪĻڡ
Ǳǣ
˵֮УУȴ澭ΪҪ
ɹɽūĲΡ
ʱߵʵͻ
ڵҶֻиոͻƵūĲΣҪҪĻۡ
Уʮʱ䣬Ҷ֮Уת˲ȹ
Ҷ֮УҲһЩѪ
ֽȣҪ˶ãܻ۵㹻Ѫг
ҶһƬɭ֮УѰһЩҩģǻصūǡ
٣СһȥһˣòժһЩҩĻҶСʯݵʱ䣬ϣĵı죬޵Ȼż첻˵ľ񣬶ɲһˡ
عͷǲ֪ʲôطðϣģҶӻͳвժҩģŶԷǰЩҩģҶҩϿӦɣ
ϣĺٺһЦĿɨɨҶеҩģû̫Ȼ˫һУ΢΢ЩԾѪݣЩɶǵūϵҩģҩԷǳңȷԼСܳܵס
Ҳˣҵǿȣͬһˣٱҵҩ֭Ҳûʲô⡣˵ҶȴǺֱ˶ϵʵϾ˵ɣЩҩģܲҩ֭
ϣҶٺһЦҪһҩߣ治ūҩ֭һ£ЩūҩģֱӷõģϷҩϣЩĵ£Ƶūҩ֭ǿԵġ
ҩߣҶԣ΢΢һ㶣һȻҩʦ
νҩߣֻҩʦ£֮ˡ
λҩʦûñȡ
ҶϣūǣôߵĵλһֱΪԷһҩʦ
ôҲû뵽˼ȴǽֻһҩߡ
ҩߣֻʹһЩͨ棬ҩһ𣬰һЩҩ֭
ҩ֭ҲֻܵһЩͨ벡
ҩʦͬǿһЩ꣬һЩǳĵҩ
ĵҩŸãÿһöޱȣֵˡ
ԣߣҲûˣЩĵҩ
Ϊѧһҩѧ֪ʶԣÿһҩߣԸһҩʦΪҫ
ܶˣһһҩʦˣҲԲ˼ҵķۡ
׷ףҪΪҩʦݣʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ׷ǵҩߣҲʵ̫˵㡣
ϣūǵܻӭ̶ȣҶһֱΪҲһҩʦ
ɵڲ֪˼ֻһҩߡ
ҪΪһҩʦҪҪӵˣһ츳ܹ֮ôױΪһҩʦϵЩҩҲͲϡˡ˵ϣҲһΡ
ҩ츳ȴûгΪҩʦ
⻰ʼ磬ҶҲûٶʡ
Ǹ̾ҡͷϣҶڵϵҩģڵΪ˱֤ҩЧҾҩ֭ȥҷĻ¯һҩߣŪ
õġϣԼҩģƺҪҩ֭ˣҶϽ˳ȥϣķҩĶ˹
ȵСʯ֮Уϣһҩģϸһᣬһ¯ӣҩķ˽ȥ
ҩ¯֮Уܿʡ
ϣĵĶһЩɫҺ壬ҲЩҩ֮ϣ͸˳
ÿɫҺ֣ϣľһϸϸ룬֮һƿ֮Сٽǵҩ֭
⼸裬˼Сʱ
ϣĵĶͷ֮ϣȴǲһϸ
ʣϸҩ̣Ƿǳġ
ֹСʱƿɫҺ壬Ѿϡ
һƿ֮УѱСƿɫҩ֭
ϣСƿҩ֭ҶӹƿǴ򿪣ʱһɷǳŨҩ㣬ӭ
Щҩ֭ɲֱӷðҶ촽˫۳ȵ
ֱӷðɣЩҩֱ֭ܲӽˡҶһۣϣٽӹƿ֮֮ͭС
ڿԽȥˣ츳ܽЩҩ֭յָܿҩֱӴﵽūĲءϣҶļ򣬺ǹ
Ҷȴǰһ
˼ʲôүڶѾﵽūĲˣѵûƳô
Ҷɲһ㡣
ûƳãȷʵҪ͵¡


21 Ű
Ŷ˶˵ˣū˲ٹūˣҪڶʱ䣬ﵽūĲΣϷѡһ˼ҵģٲóŰūϣĵЦҶһۣȥˡ
Ҷȴǰһûȥ˵ū͵Ĵ㡣
ֻﵽūκҶѡ뿪
ģԺﵽ߲ΣһҪһѵߣӵūšֹһ£Ҷȴ֮ͭС
ҹ٣͵¹⣬ء
ʯ֮УҶӣ֮ͭС
֮ͭʢװɫҺ壬ڷУ𽥵ɢһȵϵҶ֮С
ҩ壬ҶϣƺҲһ˲䣬Өɢ
ǸӦڵı仯Ҷϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ͷδʹ˰֣˫Ŀɽգʼ߶صķȡ֮ͭеºҩҺ
һ˿˿ҩҺ˳ҶƤëϸףڣŹϴž
ȡ£ԽԽҩҺתº͵Ҷ֮С
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֮Уһʱ䣬֮ͭеҶҲһ˿ҩ֮С
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վҶ͵ԾͭޣϵˮΣڵ֮ϡ
һֿܵ񱩵Ҷȣһ£ܳū˰ɡ
ԴϴΣҩģƳҩ֭֮ҶѾСʯ֮һˡ
ЩȻЩ
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ͨЩţ˽⵽ʵϣжôҪ
Ӿǿ
ЩĴ壬Ȼ಻ԣȡõĳɹȴϲ
ϣƵҩ֭ҩ֮ǿԶԶҶϣԼ
ΪʹҩĵҩҶҲҪµʱ䣬ܴﵽҪ
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ʱϣģȴҪ£Ѿ뿪ūǡ
ҶϷı仯ϣҲǲ֪
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ԣҶãԼĴٶȣǾñ˸ߵĺá
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ϵˮղɣҶ⴩һ·˸ҩӣȥвժҩˡ
Щ죬Ҷÿγժҩĵʱ򣬶ڻɽȣһ
Ȼ֪ԼĴٶȺܿ죬ڴĻȴǲҷɡ
һɽȣЩ֮УһЩͿʼҵĴ崵
һЩȽϳȵѾʼҶ·
ֻһʱƤű˵ĺۼ
ǣ˵Ƥһϸ΢֮ת۾Զʼ޸
Ҷ״ϲʱĴ壬˴Ľ
ϴƤ˵ʱ޸ͻָԶûѸ١
ūεʱʱֻͱˡ
ҶոմϲΣޱȵĻɽȴ壬ܸܵеĲͬͨѪת򣬸оѪǵϡ
ҶѹʱȻѾڻɽ֮У˰ʱ䡣
ʱû뿪ɽȵ뷨Ҫūľ硣
ǣһεҶҪūľʱȴǸܵһĵĸо
о˴ūͻƣ֮ǰͻƣЩͬôһ㶫
֮Ҷͻū֮ʱ򣬱סˣҲû˿Ľչ
鿴һţҶ˼ά磬أ֣Ȼ뿪ԼȵıԵ
о¶ȣ΢˵㡣
Ҷһ棬Ϊܼĵطʱ͸ܵѹ
ͬʱҲоͻ
֮Уϸɳɡ
ֻƬ̣壬ͱЩȵϸɳŪǱ
һЩϴϸɳҶ廮һѪ
Ҷ󺧣˳ȴ֮ǰһֱ޷ͻū磬һ̣Ȼһ˿ɶ
ֻ˲䣬˺ۣ޸ˡ
һϸɳҶ壬ٴεѣҶһλ˺۵ʱūľ磬һЩ
ҶʱһĴ취
ֻǶִ֮ȴһ
Ǵ壿
ŰԲС
ǣҶȴ֪ԼʹŰķȥϢڶʱڣﵽ찲ūĲΣ˵ʥūˡ
뵽Ҷҧ˻ɽȵ


22 ս
Ҷƴڰ֮ڽūĲΡ
ҲüΣ㱻ɽĻ棬Ϊҽ
һЩɳ壬֪˶Ѫᣬھ֮УūĲΡ
ڻɽ֮д壬ַҲֻҶĿˣŸȥ
ȻҪûڶʮһǱʵ㣬ҶҲƴ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥˣڽūĲκҶʣѾĺܴı仯
ǧ޶ٶȣҲﵽһǳ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Լȫٶȣٲڵϵܳ
죬һڻɽҶȻоԼǧ״ĵطؼԪʮڰղžԪе
˰κҶūǵķȥƾȥԪôĵطȥ
Ԫֻޣ
ĴڣɲڵҶǵġ
ȻʮӺһҺߣͻȻǰ
֮µҶæ·߱ȽïܵĹľӶȥɾľԵһ˲䣬ǰһĻȴҶȻһһʧ˳
ֻïܵĹľУ˵ʮʬ壬ſͻĿȻúͻȻ벻ɡ
ǵĲϣһ˿ڣѪǿʼᡣ
ҿôôˡҶ˰Σڻع
һģͻͻߵһʬԣϸв鿴һ£ȴЩȥʱ䣬Сʱ
Щ˵ˣڲ֮ϣÿ˵˿ڣһģһͬһˣһɱһ㡣
ȥˣЩеԻҲһЩߡ
һ֮䣬ͽЩնɱʣ֮ˣɡ
뵽Ҷͣתߡ
ɾʱ򣬾ҶŰ״ĲݴԵУһ˫۾Ƕϡ
ôûɾжٶȣӦҲǸߣֻҪūεߣҾ͹вһ˫۾ˣȴһûǼͽרŸһƬġ
˿̰һҶʵֻҪԷūεߣʮİɱҶ
ūߣūǣҲΨūǵĳŴﵽľ硣
һӰܿ͸Ҷ̡
ҶʱѾ뿪һƬľԣȻ
һ˫۾ˣȴû˿ϢǱ˹
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·ɣһ۾ˣͻȻϢԾ˳ͬһѸ١
ҶȻ޷һߵϮɱڴ˿̣ȴǱܵĸеһΣĽ١
ûаԥ壬ͻȻһַǳķʽ뿪ԭվĵط
ͬʱæתȥֻһˣгһ֮۵УֱӳԼ˹
һ֮ϵĹ⣬Ҷ
ЩڹľеˣǴɱҶΣڶһˡ
һߵٶȣܿһߣԷһ֮ߡ
ֻǸˣһΣ˶ģһ˸ĹУѾҶĲϡ
ģٶҲֲ̫˵ɣҶĲӣʱͬûйͷһ㣬ֱŤת˿Ȼֳź˳ֵ֣ݺȥ
˳ֵ֣ݺݸҶֽһֻһ죬˵֣ͬʱײ˿
ҶҲˣ˱ԷĨӵ³һ֮ϣɢϬâǻҶĲӣһǳĿѪۡ
Ҷȴû⣬ֻ˫۾һͻȻһӡ
ֻಡ֮𡭡
Ҷ֮УǷǳͻأֻķڣֱӸ˺ϵҪ
Ҷȫ˲Щǵ˵ϣȴһ˵ϣһھͬڼ͵Ƥһ㣬ûʲôá
֣Ҷһû뵽һõߣϮɱһͨ˵ʱ򣬾Сģ֣ˡ
ҶİȻû˵ԷҲԵסһ¶ԷĹơ
ѵõĴϢ֮Ҷ˫һ棬һԾ֮ͬһô֮Ծȥ
Ǹ˿һĻһ˿ĲмͬʱһΣԸٶȣҶͷ֮ϡ
Ӹµĺˣڰ֮УȻҶۣǱɫâУ
֮أȻҶͷҪѨ
Ϸ˽ɡ˶һʮ㣬֪ҶͷټӲҲ޷ס֮۵С
ͻأһڰ֮Ҷ޷㣬ֻ˲
һööڣϳźȥ
Ϸһû⣬УԸٶȣҶ
ں˶ԣͨ˵İûʲôв
ɨҶķ֮˵ľ룬Ƿǳӽ಻ףҲû룬ͽУ˲Ҷ
֪ʱҶǣͻȻճһĨ΢Ц


23 ɱ¾
ֻ˫һĵͲǳ˺˵ǰ
֮
ǧƵţëϸ룬˲˺˵˫ۡ
Ȼ֣֣Ҳ൱ǿҲܵסһЩͨıС
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ֻһĲҽУ˵˫ۣǳױ䴩ˡ
˫۱Ϲʹֱ࣬׹ڵأ˫ۣҺ
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Ҷһǿߣְߵһʯͳź˵ͷݺ˹ȥ
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ūǵһģȻԼ˻ɣװǧƵ롣
ְһƷרƻҪ㹻в񲻵Ч
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ҶӦĳȣ²ͣһһ˼ĽǶȣĻ飬ȴǶȻáһҺһˤڵء


24 û
Ҷ΢΢һعͷֻϵһˣһûҶǰصϡ
¶ȣߵ˼㣬˲űϣˣһҽУΪ˻ҽ
ʱһߣȴһ󾪲
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ߴʱҲǾһսѪЩ˿֮ϣѪҺ
֪ߣΪ⺷һҲûںԼϵƣһƣֻһһŻӡֱӳҶ˹
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Լ֮ǰǿնһߡ
˭֪һߣȻһ㷴֮ҲûС
ҶȻͬʱҲоߣ֮֮ǰնɱǸ֪Ҫǿ˶١
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ǺͷҶȻվʱɫһ䡣
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Ҷڣ˶ʱϲæԭ㰡Сֵܣ־һ
ҶһֵҪҾ㣿
æ˵﷢һƴսһըԺ󣬾ֻҺǸͷԼһ££ղѱͷԼʧɱˣǶˣܶھһͨˣҲܽնɱ
ҶһֱӼѾģ۾˵ϹղͷһһƣһҪҵС
ЦСֵܣǸͷڷһʱ򣬾Ѿˣһƣľһ˿ҪȻΪƾһͨˣܳһͽĹ𣡡
ҶһȻҾ˵ǸͷΪʲôԼ׷ˣԭ˵ҶͻȻ˵ҪҾҲУôҲӦеʾɣ
Ҷ˵꣬һ˫۾˵ɨͣ˼Ǻˡ
Ǿǳû١
ûʾСү˭ҲʶҲû
ȴæڵСֵܣֻҪڹȥͷŪʲôô¶ᾡ㡣
Ҷԣһ˫۾ȴĴɨӣȫû˵Ļ
Ѿģȫǿװ
ͷ֧Ʊûһ㱣֤
ûʵԵıʾҶͳͳᡣ
˼Ҷûжֵ˼ʱ󼱵ͷղſҪ㰡ŪָصūǣҲŪ㣬ֻɱһݵĽԼΣ
Ҷ⻰ʱĿ˺ߣЩ⶯ģ
ǺͷҶѾԼɱʱһ
һʹòײͨһ˿
˷ɣϵ壬ʱҲ
ͷǿʹ࣬ݺݵҶϷȷʵǶãСӣ־͹ŪϷ򣬿ʲô³ߣϷұֻ֤ҪĪϼһȮԻָȥҲͬ㡣
˶ʱŭȵģͷ䣬СֵֻҪɱ㣬Ͷо֮ôܶʩԶ֣


25 նɱ
ͷ΢΢һЦԴ󺺵ĻмһˣҶλСѣǲ֪﷢ʲô£ٺ٣˾Ҹ֮㡣ʵƴܾˣȫΪһżż棬ʲôϷҲ֪ǣΪ˿żѾˣɾڽżĻؽƣʱĪϼȮʹ³ˡ뿴ҪϢûи㣬ҪֱɱϷ򣬿϶㲻⣬ֻҪ˻ϣһͨˣ󡣡ͷ˵ѣ˵ǣҪҶ֮ġ
ͷĻҶ϶ʱװһΪѵı顣
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪Ǻá
Ҷ¶ԥͷڴοڵСѣɱȮϷԸһżϷĳ⣬Ҳˣղų㣬ʵ֮٣㵱Ȯˣ
ͷĻʱŭҲ٣ͷΪԼ֮ƻɹСֵܺεȴƻû˵ż֮£ΪСֵܵİΣ룬Ǹż֮أͨܽġ
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Ҷɱ˺ͷ֮ȴ˫һУԶˡ
ʱˣ˵仰ҲϽӲ֫ſſġ
ҶкһŴ󿳵һԷ˹ȥ
˿Ҷϵĺ⣬ɫ䣬¶һֺȻ֮ɫСֵܣʲô


26 ż
Ҷߵ˵ԱߣĿޱо仰һֱû㣡
һʲô
Ҷ˫һУ˵ǾҴû뿪
԰գҶҲ¶ľŭԹ֮ɫŴ󿳵ˡ
顱죬
ʮ£ϵ֣Ϳʼ
֮
־һҵɫ֮У鿪
һԴһѪڲݵϡ
˵ͷʬҲѪ֮С
ԭֻһһͽʵͽĺͷȷʵǲ̫࣡նɱߣҶҲ΢΢һ
˵
ڷ˲ƣҶɲû
ϸһ飬һΣҶǵϣҵһöңҶЩϲ
ңߣʸʹõĻңһݵ
һöҵļֵ൱һǧöرҡ
һ£Ҳֻеõߵʹͣͨ˲ſܵõҡ
ߣҲһӸˡҶЦɨһۣû˿ﵢʱ˼һתǰ˵ɽȥ
ɽԱߣƺ̫ӣϸĲ鿴һҶӻһȡһۣȼܡ
ɽȻҶԤһǺֻܿ߰ɣһɽڵǰ棬ɽײˡ
ҶŻ⣬Ŀⲻͣɽתţûзʲôż
Ǻ˵ɽĻؽֹѾƵˡ
νżӦúܺҲǡ
ףʲôͻȻҶʵĻ⣬ԶһѺڲ¡Ķ
к棬˹ȥ
ǵŵ͵Ļ⣬Щ֮󡭡
񣡡һ
⾹Ȼһ˵ʬ壬߸һÿһʬ棬һЩ֪ؽƶĺۼ
ҿɽ棬ôôʬ壬ѵЩˣƳؽƵʱģ뵽ʱҶûܡ
ɽĸֻؽƣȫһǿƳġ
ЩԼƵĽƻأҶóȻҲǸ
ҶǰУһ·֮ϣȴǷԽԽʬ塣
ֱҶһȽϲƵɽУɽһʯϣһʯš
Ҷûж룬Ͼͱ˹ȥƿʯţ˽ȥ
һСʯ֮УֻһѾĸʬ
Ǿ߸ʬһɫۣϥһʯ֮ϡ
ڸʬԱߣһĹ顣
Ȿ飬ӦʲôƳɵģҪȻҲᵽڣãһҳҲûС
վʯ֮УҶܣһʯ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
ټһʯ֮Уƺֻһ߹ʬ
˿ɽӦ߹ʬ֮
ڴ֮ʣֱˡ
һΪżҲ˵ùȥϾǰĶѨ
ֱȷʯ֮УûʲôֵעĵطҶŻߵһ߹ʬǰеĴ󿳵ʯãСĵţһ߹ʬԱߣʲôƻǻء
ɵʯ˱飬ҲûκεĹûиܵһص
ȷʯ֮ϣûвʱҶ˹ȥ
ߵĽˣſʯ֮ϵһ֮ϣдĸ֡ҩܾ
ҿôɣ
Ҷ𾪵ͬʱ۾Ҳ֮
ѵһϹҩʦ֮أ
ôˣͨ;֪ҩʦϵĵλ
½ȼ͵ҩʦŷǳĵλ
ÿһҩʦһǿߣƳĵҩŸصĹ
֮Уսʱҩʦĵҩܹṩ޴
ÿһҩʦΪֺ֮õĶ
ǱҪûԸҩʦ
ԣҩʦϣǼΪһˣܵ˵𾴡
ԽǿҩʦԽּΪ߳Ȩ
һҩʦȻѾȥ꣬壬ȴûµŶ绯
ҶȻ֪һҩʦǺֵȼĴڡ
ֻӶԷֵܱڣͿƼԷΪҲһNߡ
ҩʦһὫһ׷׷ҩļ¡
û̫⡣
ҩʦ˵ΪҲֻΪ˸õƵҩ
һ˵һҩʦΪ
ҩҲƷҩʦʵƳƷҩ
ҩĵȼ־Ʒ
һһЩһƷҩҩʦǸΪ֮Ķˡ
Ʒҩʦ
ҶЩ۾
½֮ϣ˾ƷϵҩʦͬƺѾˡ
ΪҩʦҲֻƷң˳Ϊҩ
ÿһҩߣ׷ߡ
Ҷ۷⣬ʯһġҩܾ٣ǿҵռ


27 
棬Ӧûʲôưɣ
Ҷó󿳵ĳһҩܾ˹ȥ
ףԽջ󣬾ԽСġ
󿳵Ÿոһ飬ʱһɼΪҵͻȻǱ汬
һص˲Ŵ󿳵ҶӶȥ
Ҷһ飬ˣƺסˡ
Ȼнƣ
Ҷϵջ˴󿳵Ȼ˿̵Ĵ󿳵ȴһУױһм
еҶɫ΢䣬ղԼַڹ֮ϣҲһ󿳵һ׸ˡ
Ҷеһһ飬ɫЩѿ
󿳵ӹһֹʧӰˡ
ҪǵϵһмҶΪԼĻþ
ҶûٴðȻжĿƵĿŹ飬ӦʲôӣſԵõⱾ顣
ڹ鿴ȥƺûκε쳣ֻ֪ҪԼȥһɿµԻ
Ĵ󿳵УһмɻûŵԼ壬󿳵
Ȿ飬ҩʦΪı
ֻܿţȴҶƵѪ
֪Լûжʱˡ
Ƭ淢ô飬ָǿߡ
̵ʱڣⱾ飬͵뿪
ҪȻղˣֻԼСö
ˣʲôԡ
ҶһãҧҧȻֱȥǾֻһ취ˡ
뵽ҶͻȻԼʳָҧƣƳһξѪһȥ
һξѪǹʱҶȥ
ʱֻ棬һâֱľѪ
ľѪ֮ͻȻƮȻһ۵Ĺâ
ҶĿɿڴ֮ʱֱӿʼһ֣Ժ֮С
һ̣йҩʦһҶԺ֮Уһһ
ҩʦγΪһҩѧͽȻҩʦ֮·ΪҩҩʥһУһֳҶԺ֮С
һ˲䣬Ҷͻҩʦеҩ顢ҩַԼҩ֪ʶ
Ҳ˵ֻҪҶǿһ飬õҩʦĴС
ԺҪҵһ¶ȼߵĻ棬û֮ߣҲڶʱڣΪһҩʦ
Ȼһ飬ҩʦĳͨ۵Ĵ֮
Ȿ棬ҩʦҩѧ֪ʶҩַ
˭ܵõⱾ飬˭ܵõҩʦһС
һ飬һ˿䴫֮ҲǻΪ㣬ɢ˿֮С
ĴУͬඥ֮
ûǿ񣬸ԳӴļ
һˣɼҲҪ˯գʮա
Ҷ꣬ԶˣҲǷǳǿ
ʧЩ֮ҲֻԸеЩǣûҲ
ʧһɼ֮иһ£ǱݣȷһֹඥķʽںԺкһ
СĿʯ֮ϵǾ߹ʬ뿴߹ʬʲôûС
֪ʱֻأһ졣
ʬڣͻȻһ󲨶һ߹ʬֱӻΪ˷ɻҡ
߹ʬĵطȴǳһǳֲꡣ
ֲģеѩȴһ߰ѩһȴī
һֲ꣬ҶԺ֮Уʱһʲôˡ
ݡǱļ֮е֪һֲ꣬ȻǴ˵еݡ
˵һЩǳҩʦΪԵҩʵ̫̺࣬Ӵҩ
ּҩʦ֮ǵľŷǳСĸʣһЩԪǳŨĵطγһ꣬Ǿݡ
˵湦Ч
ʲôˣֻлһ˿౻ƣԴݣͿɽݵ칦Чָ
ӵһݣ۶˭൱ӵһ
ֻһ㣬ɾԿݵ֮
ҶͨһӴļǵ֪һ߹ʬʲôƷҩʦ
ǰƷҩʥʬֻһͿɳΪƷҩ
ϧǣһһ߹ʬ壬ûȥ
ҪȥˣҲˡ
һƷҩʥһܵһݣҶҲûие˿ľ
Ҷ߹ȥĵطͬʯͷһ
ȻԼ·֮СİãҪȥ
ɾʱֻʯҵĶͻȻһŹʬʧʯңҲʼˣ¶һķ϶
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬룬ϳŶⱼȥ


28 
ͷʯϱ֮УҶһĻҳɽ
ʯ
ʯɽҲʼ
Ҷվɽ棬ɽֳķ϶ޱȡ
ҩʦֶΣȻɽΪᡣ
һҵĺУһɽճ׳˵ص㣬ʧ˵֮ϡ
Ƭɭ֮УȻָ
ҲãٱԶҲָ֪һҩʥĴСҶǰһĻ֮࣬Ҳ˿
ҩʦĴУ½ΪһִС
Ȼʱ֪һҩУԼĺôȴֺ֪ôǳ޷ġ
½ƷҩѾΪϡˡ
ÿһƷҩϵĵλ
֪һݰƷҩʥ׼ƷҩҩָܾҪķ粨
˵½һЩòϹܹȥ
֪гôһĴУȻ᲻ϧһд۵Χ
½ôʱ䣬ĲпѪȣ̵ʶֻ֪Ҫʵǿ磬ֱ޼ɵΪΪ
йؽ췢飬ǾԲκ˵ġ
ңѴﵽūĲΣ뿪ūǣҲû˿ˡ
ˣȥϣĸͻ뿪
ʱ֣ҶﶵһȦܿһЩðߺоյóӡ
һƬӣһūǼȥ
ȻҶûūǣԶԶر˱˳ſڣýǡ
еһسǵһҶǰСֵܣĶȥˣūˣѾҪǼգˣýҪû£ûܣ
Ҷһ㶣ʲô
ٺ٣ֻ֪֪ڳѾʱҲСһ㣬ʲô·ǣسǵĻ֪ҶϣĵĹϵȻҲǡ
Ҷ󲽽ţֱԼס
ߵȿڣȴһѪ֮ƮҶ΢΢һ̧ͷɽȥȴǰˣʮʬ壬Ǳɱ
Щʬ֮Уҩ԰ˣҲгˡ
ҿΣЩˣǻŹ
תͷֻҩ԰СʯѪ߰ߣԱҲŲʬ
Ҷüͷ壬֪ūһ˴¡
ϣľסĵطū֮У˳ˣû˸¡
ҶȻ֪׷ʲô飬ӦϣѾַˡ
ҪȻ˫Բᵹ
뵽Ҷæɽ汼ȥ
һ·֮ϣûпϣĵʬ壬ϣӦǱ˴ȥˡ
֪Ҷͷûת꣬Զ֮дһҽС
Ҷһͷ룬֮бȥֵʱϣĴ˼ĲҺ
Ҷɫûʧȥ磬ֻǼӿıеٶȡ
ϣĵסֻһǳݵЦϼһҪٲ˵ɾֵˣ֣ѱ۶ˣȣӽֻһڵˣ
Ҷ˵ЩϤ
Ҷһ£һˡ
ˣǱˣҶ֮еǸӣж
ϴҶߵʱ򣬾ͱӸסˡ
Ҫ֮дܼҵĵҶһξһ
ҶôҲû뵽Ȼҵһϣץˡ
ϣĵ쳣ɳƵӣСҶӣȥΣ־ɱϷ򡭡
ʱϣı̣ܿȴ϶ӲǶԶ˵Ĳм
ЦϼһͷͦӲģүҪӲãȻᣬүұͷȣ㲻˵Ǹ䣬٣ֻţȲ
˵⴦ʱٺЦ
ϣĴʱּŭ֪ʱҶҲӦÿˡ
Ҷ䵽Щ˵УֻĻ
ʱҶȻȻϣסĵط
ֻ¥ѱײ٣ūǴϴżūǵĻ¥֮Ѱʲô
֮⣬ٿһӰϣĵķС
ҶһĻû˿ԥ׼һᣬȴݳֱӷ˹ūǴǼĹ֮С
ٶȣԭ͸߳Щ࣬˿ͻȻ֣ūǵļ⧲ÿһһƣʱͬƲһһ׷˳ȥ
ȵЩڵϵʱǽѪ
ūǴվýԶӦ㼰ʱȵҶϮʱæֵһ¡
Ҷεȿ͡
ҶƵһ˲䣬ūǴϾ͸еԼͬײǵľһ㣬һɸվ͵ֱϣʧҺ֮УѪˡ
Ҷһ֣Ȼκ˻һ֣һƻūǴϣͻȻһ磬ūӰǶȻҶһ£ֱҶҪ
΢΢һҶūǴɱֻ֣תһӭȥ
ū壬Ѵ˼㣬ںܶǰʹﵽūĲΡ
ҶȻӲ¶ʱϲԼֻҪһҶƹǾϣöԷʧȥһֻơ
˭֪˫ഥҶƾͣһҲѷɫԼ
ūôҲû뵽ū֮УȻˣܽūĲΡ


29 
ֻҶľһϮʱвá
ڲҶԼ֮ūǴݡ
ƽڳΪūǵĳ֮󣬸ǹߵһĸ
£ȻҶģӺҶһֱ֮˿
Ҷÿһӣ۷֮䣬ָצֱӳūſȥ
Ҫ֪ﵽūĲκָ侢ǼΪˣױʯ
ԣһצֻҪūǵϣĴ
Ҷ׷͹ūֻҧҶӲƴһơ
ȴȭ֮ʱҶٶȣֶȻؿ֡
˱ʣūһʱ˸֮䣬ɫǺ죬Ȼ˰ˡ
ҶһնɱūǴϣūҲЩߡ
֪ʱһǿͻȻ϶Ϯ
һ˿ҲѷɫūҶһ֪˭
ūǣū壬ﵽūĲΣһҲﵽūĲΡ
ˣūǵū̹ܽ١
һϮӦҶ͸壬һ·׶ȥ
ū̹ܽٿһĻһЦû뵽ūǣȻܽūεˣСһ治
һֵū̹ܽܣҲûҶС
ΪֻԼ֪ղһǺεȵ͡
˵һ壬Ҳղһ֮£ѿ
Ҷ壬͵ǵǿȣԶˣҲǲʯ
ū̹ܽ϶˿̵Ҷȫû˻֮
ֳצ⳯Ҷץȥһе͵ĺڻġ
ֻҪһʵҶ࣬Ȼ
˭֪ڴʱū̹ܽٺҶ֮У綸Ӱֱ˫
ū̹ܽȻæˡ
죬ӰȴǸ죬Ȼû˫ۣҪһֻ䡣
ū̹ܽʧҺߣԼѪܵĶ䣬ĺ˱ʮ
ʱȴҶӵϷ𣬺ȻһЦģ㻹˵㡣
ū̹ܽٵϣޱȡ
ū˫֮УҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ūǴϣȴǾɵ̹ܽһôû£㡭
Ҷ·һ¶һӼף沼һѺۣЩƬǱΡ
һĻŻȻ
ԭҶȥɽȴʱʹһƬӼףΪ˷޵ҧ˺
֪һʱ䣬ûʲô޵ϮһһӼףҲһֱûó
˭뵽ڽ£һӼףһ
ū̹ܽٿҶϵӼףԾСӵǴʲôطŪһӼףشδ϶
뵽ūһۡ
ֻ˿̵ūɫ԰ףﷺڣȻҲ˰ˣ¼תͷѰ˼ŶԲߡ
ʱϣ˳
ϣĵ˫˫ȣѱնϣѪֹȻ˫ѷϣһѪҺͷҲӦñˡ
ϸѪܣҲ̶á
Ҷδ˲˵ĥַֻû䶢Ŷġ
Ҷţоûһ󷢼£뵽Ҷֻһû˵ķΪԼеһֲ
ֻ˫΢УĿҶЦүģĻҧҲɣ
˵֮ǰҶ磬һܾūεߣҶҲðȻգūʹɫǰ̽
ū֮ǰҶһƣ˿ڸʹѣһߵԷ󷴴ȴֲҲӣֻҧѽϡ
δ֣ҶмɨһۣһӡūͷȵһУһδǰâһ̶һ̼Ϯūһ
û˵ֱһȥȻһ̼׳Ҷ
ҶЯ̼ΪݣҲûд٣ʱʣµ󼸸̼ˡ
ҺãȻûĿ꣬Ҳס˶Է
ҶδٴˣʲôֶΣʹɣƾˣȻ֮
ҶһУֻЩ飬֮УĿɨū
ūûκȴΪ죺ҲֻһūεߣӲһУֳ̹ܽһư֣Ӽ׻壬ûһҪҲӦ˲Ŷԣڻƣ


30 
ūˣƽ֮Ωͼܣյ飬ǾԲġ
ԣȻΪūǵĳһǿһԣ֮ززʶһϣǿĶ֣Ҳܼʱӵ
˴ϣķĿһΪϣڵԽԽĶԷԺȡ֮ںǰ˳ϣĵ˼
ֻϣߣһᶨ׷ߣһ̶ֱԷĴڡ
һΣɶĵȴһĻᡣ
ȻжֻҪԼһ飬ͿһٻĳŵҲΪĶ
ҲΪūŴųˣϣķ˸ƻ
ūˣƽȻ̰ͼȴΪ
ʱҶ磬սҲûаߵƣɵη壬Щ⡣
Ҷ˼Ŀкâһسū̹ܽȥū̹ܽټ״æˣҶ֡
ҶȻЦūǵ̹ܽ٣ر˵Сģٶһһ˵Żһ߳ū̹ܽٲϷ
ū̹ܽҶĽǾȫãһҶ߲ѵ޵ݣҲಫ
ūҶ˿ͣиһԥȻˣҪڽĴ򶷣˰֣ʹԼսֻѹֵµЩˡΨ֮ƣΪƣٻʰǲ١һ֮£ٴٻҲԶԼһ
ĿһץסѾ˵ūǴϣһЦСӣ֮£Ǿʹ˽ҹǵĳԹԺ㣡
˵Ļʱɫһ䣬Ҫкȴūμ֮䣬û֮С
ڳˣȴû֪Ҷ壬ȻѾūĲΡ
Ͼεʱ䣬ʵ̫ݡ
ԣٶȣ֮ū̹ܽ٣в磬˵ūˡ
ܹ֮ǣȫƾʤ벻ҪĴ򷨡
˷һɶ
ʹУȻᱻūԼʵ
ʵһ򶷣Ҷϵƣ֮ڳÿһˣֻزᡣ
Ͼ壬ɲģ֮ǰһ򶷣ӲӲײȡɡ
˿ֻ̣Ҫūͷ֣׽Ҷ¡
Ҷģǿ֮ϵأȴƾż͵Ӳǿ
ţһǻףڳһǵ̬ʲ֮󣬾ūˣһˡ
ūˣҶûĿ΢бū̹ܽ٣˫һ˻ū̹֮ܽơ
ū̹ܽҲ˲ᣬֿūѾȥĸҳɣֻҶ˫һѵתΣβūˣûС
һʱ䣬ֻһߣվˣֻʣһˡ
һ뽫˽лȻʱȴûһɫ̵Ҷ㣬ٹүҾɱϼһ
һ֮ϣðһˮ򣬷ϣĵͷϣȴ΢΢Щ
ҶЦҲɱ
ŭòҪӣ
ҶҡͷмһߣȻвһͨˣӣò˵㻹ԽԽȥˡ٣ӣˮͦôү׼
˵ҶϴЦ⣬ȴöһëȻҲףԼһߣôҶʱ򣬻Ĳڡ
ϣȻ˫ϹҲ˾ҶŭȵСҶӣҪϷ򣬿ɱӣҪȥд鷳
⻰ɫ䣬æסϣĵ죬ҶЦΰˣյϣүҽͷˣ㲻ܶҳ֣Σ
ϣĶʱеСҶӣҪϷɱˡ
ֻҶ˵æһƴԴϣϣλ˹ȥ
ҶŶĬƬ̣ŵãŹϣүҲ㹷
ȴЩŵң
ҶޱŲ㡣
ҶΣʱЦãүһΡ
˵ſϣģת뿪֪ʱֻӺһΣһѪڶ
ǲʣعͷͻȻֵļ£㣬ΪΪʲôҪɱң˵⻰һ


31 ʸͷ
һС£㶼첻ããһĮȻɨ˶ʬһۣûٶ˵ʲôǽĿҶȻǸηǱӵ
ҶȴǼˣƽֺͭʥƽ֮еһ
һˣǼҶҲδ̫Լˣ׷һϵ㲻ϵķӵܣõųּ
ҶԣжʱһѪӿȴû˵
ǸηǱӵڴʱִһֻƿ֮һ죬һɫӰӰһ㣬˵ǰ
ӦɢϢҶɫȻһ䣬˵ʵɱǰļˣҪǿ̫ˡ
ܿȻˣ˵ˣǰļˣҲԶԶܶԿģкǿɬǿңԸһû˵ͨˣȻɳǿݡ
ҶһƳ֮£ֻǸŰµŮӣȴǴɴòǰȻһ̸Ǽõһִʹ
õִʹ߸ȼΪ߸ִΪһִʹ
ʱŮӵгһöɫƣȻҶ֮ִʹȨ͵ش㡣
Ϊ䣬顣
ҶԣȴһЦ͵ش֪ȨҲҪ師ϵִʹȨִУһССһִʹƺûȨɣ
ǰŮû뵽ҶȻϤõ飬Ҳû̫⣬Ȼһϵӵܶ㲻ϵļӵܣִʹûʱؼ󡣡
˵Ǽ˵Ǹһʹ죬һ߼ķҲǼһЦϽˣִʹҪ
赭дնɱҶͬɱһֻ⡣
ԣҲǷһЦϵ̸ֱӳҶ˹ȥ
⼸ˣΪߣҲһͽʵ
⼸ˣҶ˵ûа㷴
ôҲû뵽ԼڼӵжʮһǱ֮󣬻ûüǿͻ
һ̸ϮҶǴڱľ֮С
õִʹȨ洦ӵô֪һЩɻͻȻ˵ͷͬʱһϮҶ̸ҲǹĶ˰֮С
Ҷԣ΢΢һֻ⿪֮ˣȴǸʵӣһô֮ϣеһƬҶˣѾܾˡ
ŮԣĶϵǸӣȻӣҹܻʸ飬ǲǻˣ
ҿ⻰ţҲҪﴦүҰɡǸʵӣͻȻһĨ̧ͷʱ¶һȫµ
Ҷʱŷ֣ӣϴŵˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôͷūǣеûı¡
ʱӣһɫͨϣϴɫЩˡ
ӣէһһǲļһ
˿̵ȴҶһּΪļµĸо
Ա߼ˣӣüͷӣҲһϵͽɣҲ̫˰ɣϵѣżƶҪǽʸ壬ԴΣ
ҶҲӵݣЩ档
֪ʱͻȻֻԱߴһش
ҶһʱƣɻͷȥֻǸŮӣȴͬ˹һһֵǸǵӣشҲڷ
ү·þȫŴӺ³⼸֡
үҶһæ̧ͷǸǵҪƭͷΪӣֵλǻʸ֣ʸͷ磿ҿܰɣʸһţһŮһУŮģСħŮĳƺţڻʸ壬˵û˸СħŮеģ֡һȻ񲻵ʮ꣬Ϊ˵Ѿﵽʦľ磬Ϊʸĵһţôҡײƭ
үλ֮ǰҪٳŪһŮӵĻʱɫ˫һֱӹڵأƨҷˡ
ʸͷʸ壬˭˲֪˭˲
һʮʱΪͻʦ֮Զɺ⣬һɱ˺ʮ˴ܣʮʱµˣڴﵽǧ֮ϡ
ʮŵʱ򣬱Ѿʦ֮ǻʸΪš
Ҫ֪ڻʸ壬ǰٳɫӵܣҲҪʮԺ󣬲пͻʦ֮
Ҳǻʸѵõˡ
ӵ츳Ϊˣʮ˾꣬ʹﵽʦľ硣
˵ǼˣõİŮӣҲû뵽ĴţȻ


32 һ
ʸͷԺ˵˿Ϊ⣬Ůӣ΢΢һЦСħŮߵŮʫʫɣʱһ档
˵ҶЦλֵܣû뵽ңֵܣǸϵӵܣɶ£ȻҪ͵ش
ʫʫҷλɽصʸһϵ㣬үֵܹϵֶϵ
˵ŮӵԽԽ͡
ʸͷعɫʱüΪʣ˰ΣЩŤΪԸҶʩ񣬵СֶˣղûŪݣҪ֡
Ҷæֵضڻʸݣ˵ʵʲô¡
ʸͷҲ֪Щʲô̾ϢϧֻϻḺ𣬾ҸףҲõ飬ҪȻԾһ
ŮȴǴŵӵү⼸ңһЩ˲õѵûȤˣЩˣǼпܻвĵλ
ʸͷ絭һЦΪ԰һȺСƨѣ츳ܴﵽʲôĸ߶ȣʦ֮ǿҹȥơ
˵ŰŮӵѾͷƢɵøĸģûоѶ£ͶͶɱ֣ûж֮ǰҪһĶԵ壬ô
үūҲˡŮɫ֪ʸͷҶеϵԼٴζҶɱ֣ԲŻԼΡ
ȻҶǽĵҲҲʸͷĻ
˻ʸͷĻҶʱ˿ڻػʸ;Уǲʲô֮ˡ
Ȼ֪ΪԼ棬ǰڱ⣬ΣԼҲǷһ顣
˵ɣңʲô顣ҶɲŻʸͷ磬Ե޹ʵĳ֮ʲô
Ǹ֪Щʲôģûʲô¡ʸͷ˵ֶ꣬ԱߵİŮӵ˵ȳȥȻﻤؼ塣
Ů΢΢һ֮æʩū澾͸ˡ˵꣬Ȼʸͷ緢ֶҶʩһɫ֮ǰеү¡
ʸͷҶƺлҪ˵̸֮£϶ǲһ㡣
ŮŪʸͷҶĹϵȻҲ̫Ҷˡ
ʸͷ翴ŮӵһߣҶѪϢŨҰǲɱ˲ˡ
ҶȻһЦȻѾֺ֪αضʡ
ãȻˣҲȦӡʸͷٺһЦȻյҶǰʵֻһ飬ֻҪ̹棬ҿԱ֤㷵ؼ;УܵϵӵܵĴΣ
ʲô飿ҶǾȵĿŻʸͷ磬Щš
ʸͷȻǻʸĴţӰŮӵĿУ͵֪һͲһʲôˡ
Ϊͻľ磬նɱǧ飬ôֻһ飬ͳΪЩ鷳
ʸȴǺһҪʵа
ãʰɣֻҪ֪һʵ档Ҷû˿ԥ͵ͷͬˡ
Ϊûлʸͷ棬ֻûص壬ͻᱻŮӵ˸ֱˡ
Ҫǣλ
ֻȻϣ
ĵݣɲ׷֡
ʸͷ룬ҶʵҺɻ츳жǱʵ㣬ɻء
Ҷɴ۾ǲţòô򵥵һ°ɣæ˵Ȼɻ£Ҿ͸ɣҵǱʵ㡭
ʸͷȻ֣ҶĻǱʵ⣬֮ǰѾŪˣ½һ˵Ǳ壬ǴﵽҲֻʮ֮Ȼ޾ԣ½һЩǵ꣬ͻʮܴ֮ﵽʮһ㣬ΣҲͻʮ֮Թ£ڲǺܺģֻ룬һϢһ꣬ǰҲһɣҽӣ㿴첻Ϥ
˵꣬ʸͷ۶һ֦ڵϹ˼£һڰ׵ֲ꣬ͳҶǰ
ʸͷһճֲӣҶͿʲôˡ
ݣѵ˵Լݵ飬ʸͷѾ֪ˣ


33 һƬҶ
Ҷתһ룬Щܡ
ʸͷ֪ԼݣΪˣֻͶˡ
ȻԼǰճݵӣȻΪԼʶʲôݣŹճݵ
ңԼȻõݣûн֮ϣǽ֮һǳصɽ֮С
ǻʸͷٱ̬Ҳ޷ǰԤ⵽ԼΪɡ
ݣ׼ҩ񴫳еҶȻʶ
йݵֹЧص㣬Ժ֮еļ䣬
ɻʸͷȻΪԼûݣΪҪԼ⣿
Ҷŵϵͼû˵ʸͷ飬ԽŵôֲûУ
ʸͷĻҶʱȻˡ
ʸͷ֮ʣǲô϶Լݡ
˵ԼݵҩԻԣע⵽Լ
ݣ湦Ч֮⣬һϵ
ʸͷΪʸĴţʶ㣬ܴԼϸӦݵϢҲ֡
Ҷ˰죬ҡͷûмֲֲ꣬꣬ȷʵܹ죬Ȼһߺīһ߰ѩ
ⲻܣݵϢ϶ֲꡭʸͷ翴ҶҡͷҲֵܱȻˣֱӿڵϸ룬һʲôطֲꡭ
Ҷȴҡͷûֲ꣬һƬҶӣֲҶӣģ
ݵҶӣʸͷһ۳ȵҶóҿҿ
Ҷʱ˹
ʸͷ磬ӦͨԼϵϢ϶Լݡ
ݣĹЧϣĲ˫˫Ⱦϣ˫˫ͷҲûˡ
ƣݣҶ治֪ʲôҩܹ
ԣݶϣ˵̫Ҫˡ
ǻʸͷ̱ƹҶҲܽݽԷ
ʸͷӦҲ뵽Լϻһݡ
ݲʱҶժһһƬҶӣóһƬɫҶӣݵʸͷǰҶӣ㿴ǲǺ񣿡
ʸͷһѶҶеҶӣݵҶӣݵҶӡ
ҶǵʱֻԶԶܵҶƺݵϢͲȷҶϣǲصĶ
û뵽ҶϣȻݵҶӣģĲ
֮ǰŮӵ˼ֱҶѯ顣
֧Ůӵ֮ҶĻشûʧ
ССĵеҶӣƬҶӣֱ׶ӣҪҪжðһ˿Ứ
Ҷӵļģȴһ졣
ԼõһݣеҶӣҲʮƬ
һΪʸһţûϢȻһƬҶʧ̬
ҶĻʸͷƬϿʲôȻʸͷѯʣ˵ƬҶӣūһ棬񵽵ġʱһɽĴ壬ɵҴϣسǵʱȴ棬ĴȫˣдԵˣԵ޹ʱɱˣһЩߣҲ֪һ棬Ȼʲô飬һ·ϣ뾡سǣɾһƬľԵʱÿһƬɫҶЩأ
ʸͷԣﾹȻһżȻݣǾ˵ҲһϹҩʦĴС
˵ʸͷûٶ˵ʲôСҶӣҶҿԸ㣬ⶫϹҩʦһĶȻЩôҲǺôޡⶫҪƵҩģôƵĵҩߣĺô˵찡ȻݵҶӣҲԼ񵽡ԴӼǰõһݲƵĲرͼһֱѰһżȥΣëûҵһ갡ΪһŲƵĲرͼҿ֮ð
ҶڻʸͷĻЩӡ
ӾȻ˵ݵҶӣûʲôô
ѾģϣܱҶҩԵ
˵ȻݵҶӡ
ڶԷΪѰһż꣬ƺһƬݵҶӣҲûʲô
ڶԷȥѰżǾͶԲˡ
żݣҶˣĴУҲҶõˡ
һżҲ׳û˵صף˭ĴңҪȥѰżǾһӣҲֻˮ䵽һյ³


34 
Ǹ۾ΰ壬Сֶܲܺ飬ƬݵҶӣҩĺöǡʶһȽǿҩʦ㿴ƬҶӣǲǡ
ʸͷΪƬݵҶӣ˵ǳ׷˼ӡ
Ҫ֪ԻʸͷݣҲ˵ġ
½ҩʦϡ١
ڸߵȼҩʦɾ͸ˡ
ЩһγݵҩʦǼ꣬Ҳδػһ
ҲΪԻʸͷڿһƬݵҶ֮󣬲Żļʧ̬
ȻҶĻûȻʸͷѻ˵꣬һȵĿ֮ԳҽΧòƬҶɣ
ʸͷ类Ҷ仰µЩΣʵǲԸ£Լһ塱֡
ѾֵҶӣǼֱҪ
Ҫ֪ﾭĥѾﵽ˰ʦľ磬ܵõһƬݵҶӣʱһҩʦΪһ¯ҩ
;пܣƾһ¯ҩʦ֮

ʮ
ֻҪ룬ûʸͷ
Ҫٰͨһ¹ϵƾҵӣǲΪͣҲΪŪʸͷһеҶ
ҲֻһʱˡҶɬȴûʲô飬װԥһᣬŵƬҶӼȻãǾ͸ɡ
ллģСֶһȫȫؼġʸͷǼĽݵҶӣСĵװ
Ҷס˻ʸͷ磬ʸͷǵԼڣҶֱӵȻƬҶ͸Ҳҵһ⡭
ԣԣԺҵ壬СֶЦˣԺҲôˡʸͷ죬æѻ˵ˡ
ҶжӸӱˡ
ΪһƬݵҶӣ
ҶҲ֪ⲻǿʱԭһԿƬݵҶӣȻֱܰͣӺЦҲˣūǣйصˣǶŲС鷳
ʸͷ罫ݵҶСպ֮󣬲Űڰֵʲô£ģһ仰ūǻ˵ɣ˭ūǵĳ
ͷλɣ˿ڣҾǲѡҶʸͷͷָŵϻԲѵϣĵ
ͷʸͷɨϣһۣüͷУֻӣֻѾ˶˰ɣ
²ģֻҪλˡҶŸͷ
ðɣȻ˵û⣬հˡҶ֣Ҳûٶ˵ʲô
ҶЦûͺãˣܲ˳ˡ
ʸͷæֵȥɱõ˰ɣⲻܣԲܣҿɲ飬ҰɱһõˣͿӳõ׷飬Ҳ룬ɱҪɡ
ҶҲ֪뷨ҲвֻͨÿڵǾˣǷһɣԺл㡣
Ժл᣿ʸͷȻһֺǲ׵ĸоһĿѵԼл֮
Щɲʸͷܿǵˡ
ڵֻ뾡ȥһҩʦȻݵҶӣΪԼһ¯ҩ
ԣõҶӵܿͳҶ𣬲뿪
һߣҶϣģת뷿ڡ
ֻڵļͣҲڵϣѱپһΡ
˵ЩˣΪġ
ԣΣþȻϣġ
ʱϣģѾΪһѪˡ
ҶȻ֣ϣȫÿһ˿ڣƺڳӿѪ˼أѪ⣬޴ѹ֮󣬲Żֵ
ҶһԣϣĵƣҪԶԶģҪصĶࡣ
ϣķڴϵʱλ໤ˣϵϢһȥ
Ҷܹоϣǿˮһţһַǳµס
룬ҶæӻһƬݵҶӣǿнϣĵҴ򿪣ڰ׵֭ˮȫ
ʱϣѾǳҶһƬݵӵס
ǣһƬݵҶӣҩЧûдҶԤڵЧ
ߵȻ֮ͨˣҪǿ٣ҲᲢۡ
һƬݵҶӣȻܳϣĵƣҲֹѪָ
Ȼ֣ƬݵҶӣƺֻǼһϣʧٶȣҶܹܵϣĵš


35 ȫ
ȿȿȡСҶӣҪ˷ôҩ֭ˣҵ˲κҩܹġϣĿ˼Ѫҡͷҵ࣬Ѿˡ
ϣ˵һҶǳʵ
ڸ飬ߵǿҲɡ
ҶҲܿͷϣֵܹ֮ڣȫǿǼޱȵʶڳš
Ҷ֪Ҫģϣرּޱȵʶһϣ⣬ʧȥ֧ȥʶֻ¾ҶȥȡݣҲˡ
ǣҸôסѾҪɢʶأ
ҶĴԣת
ʱҪľϣģƺǻعⷵһ㣬Ȼ漣һ˹
Ȼˣȴ֪վԼԱߵˣҶ
ӦԼϼŵϣĵͻȻ¶һĨЦݣĿСҶӣûû¾ͺãȿȿȡͷǲˣͷһʹɡ
ϣĲûжҶ˵Լʲôһ䡰СҶӣû¾ͺáȴҶӦǰδе⣬ĵ׵һӿ֡
˵⻰ϣľڴͷһڴͷĵϣһ
ԼԽݵҶС
ȻҶȴûȥӡ
ϣĿҲ֪Ҷ²֣ԼĨȥ
ȵȡҶӳ˼֮Уعæֹϣġ
һѶϣеĳͻȻ֮䣬Ժһڵͷ˶صˣҶа취㣬ǰټȥ
а취ңٺ٣ССҶӣ⡭ЦЦģǡϣͷΪͷѰһõĹأ
ǣǳѣϣȻվԼƣǳ
ƣ˵һͨˣߣҲ޻Ŀܡ
ǰСһ˵Լٶһɡ
ĻϣȴһҲˡ
ྡ顢ڸ٣ƣѵСһΪϣǸɵӲɣ
ͷ֮ܲʹɣͷ㲻ôѽһߣȻᵣϵʹࡣҶ֮УǼ֮ɫ
˵Ȼǹ⼤ϣġ
ԣϼһǸӵˡ
ԣҶӣЧˣ
ϣĺ׵ľϹˡ
ϧͷҶ˼ԼֱҪܣƴҪ˲Ǳ˿ڣѪֱȴȫȻ˵һʹҡϣĻᡭܲϵĥȿȿȡֱЦ
Ҷϣ˼һ
ϼһﻹǸӵҶûȥ̼ˡ
֪ҪԼٴ̼ȥϣľ͵ûɴ̶̼ȣѾܺˡ
ҶûԥֱӶŶֻߵʱһ䣺ͷͳȥһķӣҪûֵ֧һСҲᡭ
˵֮ҲϣʲôӦҶٶȣ˳ǡ
Լ˰ʱ
Ҷһľӣ»صϣĵס
˿̵ϣѴ֮ʣȴȻץһ
ҶæľӣóһݣСصĽ֮ҩ֭Ȼҩ֭νѾǳ΢ϣ
벻ɣͿݣǲӵд˵еЧˣ
˵ʵҶûŹ
ҩ֭ϣĵУҶæضŴϵķӦһҲɤۣ·ʲô
֮Уžޱȡ
ʱ䣬һȥ
أ˿ϣģͻȻ԰ѪϣҲʼһ˿ϵ˿ڣһ־˵ٶš
ҶһĻҲһĿɿڴȫ𺳡
Ȼ֪ӦۿݵЧǾһֲ˼ĸо
ݵ棬ǲ˼飬ţ
ֱҪҩȼҩʦԳƵľҩҪõöࡣ
û뵽˵ҩ֭ЧȻ˵ľˣ˵֮Уˣ׹ǵĿ̶ֲȡ
Ȼ˵ҩЧҪݵҶǿ̫ˡ
Ҫûʸͷ֪˵ҩЧ֮Ҷӣǿôֻ࣬»ᾡһֶԼȡ
飬ҶȻκ֪
Ҷϸ۲һϣĵһݵϣģϵ˿֮󣬺ҲƽȣɫҲࡢ۾һЩȽϴĵطȻûгȬ
һݣһ治Ǵģжݵҩԣ˴µİգϣĵＷһҩ֭
һ£ʱͼӰ
ҩ֭ڵ˲䣬һֱԲѵϣģƾ
˫˫ǻ
Ҳʱ۾˹


36 һ
ϣĵǣѣ˫ۣ˿վԼǰˣ֮УһɻҡҡͷŬԼϷһС
ϣĵڣûȫֻǵԼԭǿҪˣȴ֪ô£ôȫµ˿ڣˣԼľ񣬴˿ǰδеĺá
СҶӣʲôôˡ˵ϣһɻҶŵ㵽ʲôӾȵң
ѹͺãõʲôӣϾͲҪˣЩ֪ˣûʲôôҶŽٺϣģֻǺȻһЦûн˵ݵ顣
Ϊ֪£֪ˣԽԽá
Ҫ֪ϣķ̹һ꼸ݣֻͻᱻһЩа񱲣ץȥһѪ⣬ᴿ֮йݵҩ֭
ϣĿ֪ҶݣҲû׷ҶʲôӾȵֻǳӣҪ˰ɣ
Ҷסϣĵ֣΢΢һ٣ǽӣȴЦҵݣҲӦòµһЩ˰ɣôãҲеˡ
ϣҶһ˵ȴһ̾ҿЩˣʲô֮ǲǷʲô£ŴӼӳģ
ҶΪ˲ϣĵģֻ⳶˸ѵҿûʲô£ֻǼΪ˵£Ҳôɼҵ͵ģҲ룬Ҫ淸ʲô£Щˣǰü׵ĵ𣿡
ϣ̾˾ͺã˵һЩ֮УΪȨڲıƲϣ񷵻ؼ壬ӻ֮ҲСһ㣬˸Ӻˡ
һСĵġҶϣĵϵˣû
ϣسĬһƺڲ̽״̬ΣЩɵȫˣң֮УơƺһɷǳصҸоԼ棬ЩطѾ˷ǳı仯
һصЩطı仯ҶһȻһʧĪˣѾˣ
ѣϵϣ𾪣ȴ˸
Ҷ۾ϣģ۾
ϣĵ۾ȻŻܿģˣԵ÷ǳĹ졣
Ļ⣬ϣ۾ð˳̽յһ㡣
ϣˣҲסˡ
һȡϵͭĶԼ˫
ϣĵ˫֮Уڲӿ֡
֪ϣĵ壬Ѿ൱ı仯
һ˵ϣǱ˶ˣˡ
ʵСʱҲӵ˵ģֻһУ˱һݻˣϣ˵һҶ㵽׸ҳʲô鵤ҩȻѾ߷ϵˣ֮ѣ
ҶüͷҲֶ֪Ȼ޸ˣ֮Ҫˣˣɲǻ£ԺܳΪһΰʦ
ΰҩʦϣĵ֮ϣʱһɷųĹ󣬳㽵Ȼ֪Ǹңɼ룬ϼһһúðסġ
ǵûҩʦῴûҩʦΪͽɡҶͻȻݳһĨֵЦ⣬ϣģ̬ȴɡ
½ҩʦʵ̫ˣÿһҩʦߣ׷ߣҪǿУΪͽܣʣСÿ
һ˵Żϣĵϣһ߷󲻿˼ı仯еĻ棬ʹȫ£ɢĹ󣬵ôһֹϡ
֮еϣ֮ش
ģϣУһЩɫʣƺʲô
ʱϣģûٺҶ˵һ߲ӵе붨֮УĬĬ˵ת֮
Ҷ֪ϣĵĶҲٳԴ
ֻߵһӵԱߣȡһµƤһһĽԺ֮Уйءҩܾ֪ʶġһݡ
Ȼġġҩֻܾҩܾİٷ֮ʮݡ
ѾҶļˡ
Ͼҩܾͨඥ֮ŵõġ
ЩֻᣬԴ
ܸԺ֮СҩھŪһٷֶʮݵġ汾һַǳ˲õĴˡ
ңҶҲţһġ汾棬ҲһԵȷѪꡣ
ϣһҩܾġ汾걾ѧɲģ㲻μκһҲƾһҩܾġ汾Ϊһǳΰҩʦ


37 س
Ҷһġ汾дʱ
ֻಣļ
ϣַĻ棬ǽǽڣճһ
ҵˣȻٴˣϣǽϵǸǲš
½κһ˵ˣһݵ
ӵ˵ߣκεطܵȨ
ӵ˵ߣɱðԼͨˣóеκ´
ˣν½ĸ
ϣĴˣ֮꣬Ȼٴѡ
еļʵڲ˵գ
Ҷϣĳѵϲ֮УȻһЦ֮󣬾ͽԼдһҩܾϣĵĴͷȻ뿪
ϣĵסҶûлͷֱ⡣
а⣬Ůӵˣһ빪ӭԼˡ
ʣЩˣ֮ǰܵ˻ʸͷָʾԲŻԼ㹧
ʿһϣޣçţͷ­ʨ峤ס
ޣԹ˸ۼɭȻһɰѹѹķ
ʿȫУֻ˫۾¶棬ūǣЩʿɢɱ֮
һƵĳֹ֮
ǿʿֳʮͭ
ЩͭΪԸһЩػһرҶߡ
ٺʮͭ
ֱʣֻҲΨлʸͷӣõó
ԼһƬݵҶӣû͡
ҪȻӭԼģֻһõ
Ҷ֮󣬰ŮӵˣҲԾ˸Ե֮ϡ
ֻŮһ֣ӵתʱųʻȥ
ҶֻĿռ䣬ǿܶŲ
˸ط¡
ֻ֨ѽһһƿһòŮһ׻¿㣬һۣ˵ӣū澷¡
ҶпɬԼӵܣʧܣ˵Լǵһα˷̰ɣҲпһΣڻص壬ܱܲסԼ˵ʵлûף
òŮʩȥ֮ûع
һζҶ֪Ѿʱ̾˿
ƿããĴ֣еһʱȫޣֻʣǵİ
֮µҶֻñۼ£ȴԼ˵ĵ
һ·ϣҶΧͭӵҶİΣ˵Ǹģκķ
ֱһֻӣҲԷɽĵز
ֻһȴҶߵĻᡣ
ǽڷǵϴӣҲżͭǽ˷žе·
ȻūҲܶԸһ
ͭһһ
˵֮ͭ⣬Ա߻һӿֲİŮӡ
£ǿߣ
ҲҺãֻҪû֮ҶǱȽϹģʲôҪ󣬶ᾡ
һգʱ֣һԶ
ƹһɽǰʱȻʡ
ֻһˮ֮Уһ޴ĳǳء
ǳصĴСūǵİٱϡ
λˮ֮еһǳأˮУɽͣͬǱ
ǣҶǰҲ֮һʱǰķա
Կó֮ʣͻŮʫʫڽ˵ӣǷԲ֮УΨһĳǳأǽǳٳȥ
Ҷԣȴû˵ʲô
ʫʫİţֻããˮ֮УͻȻһɫľ޴װ崬
ҴĴСѿϵĺ
ľͼװ壬Ҳ֪δ߶ģһͷȻޣˮ½صĻ֮
ʫʫҶ֮󣬾ֱһСԺ֮ЪϢ
СԺ֮Уֲ紵Ʈˡ
Ҷʫʫ߽СԺ֮еһ᷿֮С
ڣ£һֵŮЦӭҪΪԡ
ҶȻֵܣûƴǡ
ʫʫһĻ֮ɫһţ˹ȻûһöǺɫҪŶүķԸһһҲϢܡ
ĮȻɨҶһۣʩˡ
Ҷȴûʫʫԡ֮˵̩
·ϴϢȴ϶һŮˡ
ŮҲһŮ磬ϵ·Ѿȫˣֻһ´ϡ


38 Ů̿
һĻҶֻü˭ģ
ŮͷĬȻΣǺرū澸ס
ʫʫİôҶ￴ŮĲԸŮֹˣκ㣬ȥɣ
һʮּ꣬ȲԸŮҶ²֡
Īǲū澷ôǸŮҶߣ΢΢һЩԥ
Ҷüߣߣôϻ
Ȼˣū澾͸ˡһŮ·ҶǷʩһ񣬲⡣
֪Էųߣɫŵ˽
ҶԻ󣬺⴫һ⣬΢΢һ̧ͷȥֻСԺ֮УӰһǰһ㳯߷ɳ۹
ʼʱ򣬾ԶǺҹʲô
ȵӰƽҶſӰ
ӣʲôˣһŵŮҶ֣ɿ
ҶҲû⣬ֻüģʲô̿ͰɣҲ֪Ϊ˴ɱ˭δǰһӰƮ䵽⡣
ʯ֮ϣһӰҶһӣʱһ
㣿ǵӰֱӽ
㻹ǵңҶҲûϵﾹȻܼϴūǼǸŮӣ΢΢һ֮󣬶ʱɻʲô
ŮȴûҶʻֻǽĿɨϵǸͼ֮ϣʱɫһԭҲǻʸˣСɱ㣡
Ҷһ䡰ǻʸˡ֮󣬾ͳԼɱ˹
һʱûعûü˵ʫʫƮȻɱҶʱɫһ䣬һӣͬһ㣬ֱӽŮӡ
ŮϮҲ˲Ҷ֣һͳʫʫӭȥ
ʫʫ䣬ŮӵĽһһڣҶ֮ǰȴŶŮӣߵôĵӣȻɱʸӵܡ
ֻҪǻʸˣŮһٴλӽǰʫʫһ
ҶӰ֪ǻʸͭ˹
һʱ֮䣬ҲЩԥ
ϾŮǰҲǼӾȹҪŮӳ棬ֻͱǸˡ
񿴵ŮӱΧסֻ¶ѡ
ŮӵΪȻʫʫࡣ
ʫʫһߣͭ£Ůǳ֮ӳ졣
Ҷһᣬǿڵִ
ʫʫҶʱӦкηԸ
˵֮䣬ֵסŮҶһС
ҶŶԷһ·ǸŮҪɱԼͭѾӵ룬ڿƣ֮Уʱûٶ˵ʲô
ʱһͭҶߣȰ˵ӣ˻طУҵŮ̿͡
ʫʫͻȻһЦҲؽˣūΪŮ̿͡˵ͻȻùԷһ֮УͻȻһ³ͬһ㣬ŮӲȥ
ŮһæһԾͼһ籣ʫʫϵԷˣһתһ籣ֱƵŮ
籺ɨŮӵıϡ
ܴһŮӶʱһѪ׷˳ȥ
ʫʫǰô˻ᣬŮð籲סץУҶӣŮ̿ͣӦδã
ҶŮӵǣŵεѪ䣬ɴժȥ֮¶һ޾׵ݣͻȻһ͵ӵķУҵΪҪɱҡ
ˣҶεĿ׻ǾԲܵġŮϢģȻЩң̬Ȼǿĺܡ
ʫʫûʲôȻҪʣôū澾ͽӷˡ
ҶǸŮһۣú߽Ůӷ߽ķС
˷ҶŮ׵ϣһڵĽס˶ֽš
һߵĿֲ֮ᣬĵֽȫ£һ顣
ҵһͭͭУҪһרŶԸߵԻҩ
Իҩ֮˵еɢҲ˶١
κˣһԻҩ־ȻԱѣȴͬûйͷȫ£᲻һ˿
ҪҧԾҲǲܰ쵽
ҶһƱԻҩڲˮ֮УȻǿ˿ε죬вˮͳͳ˽ȥ
æЩҶ˿
˹һ裬ֱӳεȥ
ĲˮڶԷķϣȻûа㷴Ӧ
ҶǼˮȥڰѶθŪˡ


39 һ
λ۾Ҳûûпܡ
ֻǵɨҶһۣٴα˫ۣ˵һҶĻȼɱɱ飬㶯㡣
ҶȴûԷϵ·Ȼƣһ£ŶԷӣüΪʲôҪɱң
ȴǱ۾Ϊ֮
ҶҲͲЩù𴲱һɾİײʼĲŶεӡ
ͣȴ˵ϵ˿ڣͻᷢףʱļɾͻ覴ã⼡ͬһ㣬ܱ˯һǼǳܵ顣ҪɣԺҲɱɱģרŸůɣŮ˰۵ģֺοҪŵѪأ
һ˫Ʒ㣬֬һ
˿̣ΪҶĲ棬֮ϣһ㵭ĺΡ
䵱õһЩвֵʱܸܵκѹֵĲ
ض£Ŷһ竿㱻Ҷȥ
޳۵ȣȻ˵ԡ
ȴǹֱ룬ǲڶεߣסĶᴵ˿˿
ʱˣȴѾ㺹죬ʡ
ȴȻҧأԼֳʧ̬顣
ҶȴϸϣӦûں˰ɣ˵ĸĸֱ˵յĶʦֻĵܵãʲôѡҲӦ֪ʸȨƣֻҪʸһ仰йص˻£ᱻʱһںĶŶᱻʸΪʸӵܣôɱҲʵ㣬ҵʸ壬ЩȥȱʸҲзӣǵòȵ㱻֮󣬾ͽһʬԶڼߣЩ棬ʸԵ³
Ҷһεϣû˰Ѫɫ
ôҲû뵽Ϊ˸ϻʸ壬ȻĶΡ
Ҷ͵ſ˫ۣݺݵĵ򶫷ΣЦӽãһڵĻᣬֻҪΪΪҾʹӦ㣬£Ų׷
ԣ˫۶ʱһҶ
ʵڲףһʸӵܣѵȱ
Ƿ񶨵ģκһʸӵܣֻҪ֣Ͳ֪ŶŮͶͱ
ԣһ̣ʵڲҶԼʲô
ҶȴпԼ֪ʸӵܣʸϵ㲻ϡ
ɱǣԼ˻ػʸ壬ǻȥģпܣס
Ҷ֮Դ϶εע⣬Ȼǿս
һ·ϣŻߣöΪԼãôߵĻᣬҪϲ١
ͷȻκˡ
˿һĶΣҶȻٴζһҩ½ϣǲడǱʸ֪һϵˣǰɱʸӵܣǶϣֻҲ½ɡ
ħҡҲܲסĿţû˵꣬ƣ˹ȥ
Ҷһˣ
ли͵ҩأ
ӲһŮųҶҲһ˿ĸо
û취ΪԼΪ˶ʸ
ʵЩҶҳġ
ԻʸİԵȨƣϻʸˣû˭ܵõյġ
ˣǱʸ塣
νɱһʸӵܣҶ
˿̣½붫йص£ֻ¶᲻ڡ
㻹ţʸ£İԵпᡣ
Ҷæ˴죬ҲЩˡ
һŮŪ˵Եġ
Ա֮ڴߣֱһˮȥŪѣɱҵ飬ʸѾ˻ӦúΪԼ¶ɣԸ½мϵˣԻȥ
㲻һһ˵ǲܶϵ֡ڿ
ҶֺЦ治֪Щʲôʸ壬֪жԶǴϢҲյʱ䣬˵ʵҪĥһ㣬ȴᶯļˡ
㲻ƭңҶ
ҶЦҾô׼񣿡
⻰ξίĵ˵ͷ
ҶʱһȻҿȻңȥˣѶϵˣˣ
֪ҶûͱᳶסæΪΪӽҶεˣ㲻ҪҵļѶ֡


40 ոŮ
ҶԣֱתݺŶε˷ųҵһ㾫Ѫ
Σֻñ۾ֻ֣һӨ˸֮һ͸Ľᾧ壬ͳҶǰ
ᾧ壬Ƕεˡ
ҶһξѪ͵Ҷˡ
ӴԺҶֻҪһͷͿ˳ױ
һεɾĲҶˡ
ʱҶȻҲֱҧԼָεˣһξѪ
ȻһξѪ붫ε֮кҶԼˣһ˿޵ϵ
֮Ҷû˹˼ɣɿϵ޽ȻιԻɢĽҩŵȻӽ͸ҵߣûҵ׼뿪ҵ߷Χ֪𣿡
ԵúƽԼڵݡ
Ҷʫʫ˵һ¶ε顣
֪ѾΪҶŮʫʫȻһâҲû˵ʲô
ϢһҹһЩʣٶˡ
һ·֮ϣûʲô⡣
;УҶͼߣÿζԭûȥ
һ죬Ҷˣһǳΰĳǳء
ĳǳأ½ĳǳء
ūĵطֻһӪǳǳصĹģǷ̶ȣֻ˿ܼȣ޽ǳصĲϣ½ĳǳأ˲ֹһȼ
Ҷǰĳǳأųţߴס
ǽΡ룬һЩtǸơ
ڽǳصʱҶظܵһɸΪŨԪˮһ㣬Ϯ
ԪŨ̶ȣʹһЩƶԪŨ̶ȣҲūǵʮǰٱ
಻ϵĽ쳣ΰ׳ۡ
͵Ľ󲿷ֶʮס
еĽǴﵽ˾˵ס
һǳأÿսǧ֮
һ㣬ֻӳͿԿ
ǳĪһ֮ϣνָصľ۵أĵط½Ȼ࣬ҲŲ١
ȻҲΨȨƵˣʸĵط޽ǳء
Ҷܿ췢֣ǳصĵ£һ
Ȼĵȼķǳ֮ͣҲʹڳеˣõĪĺô
ͨˣõ٣ڻ¡
ߣĳǳ֮УȣҲҪϲ١
Ҷ½õһ׼ҩĴ֪֮顣
ʱʵǽ磬̫ˡ
½֪ѾĶٸ
ݻ磬ԶκģҪصĶࡣ
һŵ͵ĳǳأȻҶܵ𺳣ҲҶŪһЩ½Ļ֪ʶ
˽Щ¡֪ʶͬʱҶҲǶϵһУǾ̾ѡ
ǵصӵĳǳء
еľĻ֪Ҫūٱ
Ҷ˽ǵʱٽʱ
˿ֵ̣֮ϵǳ֮Ӵ
ָ̯ɫɫˡͱ뺷ӶֻǸ־ɫ̶ӵȣ˽ֵ֮ϡ
֯Ħ硣
ֽ֮ڶ
ҶڵϣҲûм˷ĳǳأЩĸо
Էʱ֣ҶʫʫѰһҾƹݣΪЪϢ֮ء
һҺܵʿӭľƹݣŸɫ˵ȡ
й֮ˣģȻϴɫӶ
Ҷ֮ĵط뿴ûзӣһЩңȻߡ
ǣȴû뵽ĳǳ֮УȻʮСʱѲӣάǳصΰ
ڳǳ֮УЩӶҲǲ¶ˡ
һҶҪҵ뷨Ȼвͨˡ
ƹݣҶϲĵطǾƹṩʳҶ״γԵ½ʳ
ūǵʱÿһЩѾˡ
ʳӲʡ
ûӣûǮҶֻʳ伢
񳢵ʳҶ֮УһֻصǰǼ¥ĸо
ڵϵʱҶȻֻһլУѧô
ͬѧò
ԣЩͬѧľͻһЩͬѧһۡ
ʱҶȥμͬѧۻᣬֻΪ˻Եģ˳һƿƿˮؼҵҹʱȡ
һڱеľˮеľˮͨʱȴǻһ㣬˸оǴ̼
Ҷ˼ſʼƹеÿһˡ


41 ͲȺ
ƹһЩλȽϵµӶһӵ˵ߣûп
ȺһҲŸԵȺ塣
Щ˵ϣŸ״Ļ¡
˵΢£ݵҲǵȼ
ȻҶ˼ҵͬʱԷҲͬʱڴǡ
ԴҶŶνƹݣͲһЩȵĿ⣬ڶεӹ
ȻһҶʫʫҲ˲ٵĿ⡣
ҶȴǾȵķ֣Щ˿ʫʫ붫εĿ⣬Ȼǳȣȴû˸ǰǴڨ
ҶóһַĵļɵЩƴӶǣǰĵ뷨ְѵЩܿЩ˲ǣҶɻʱ򣬾ƹݵĴ֮˽
ҿɭʱ䣬ܵʲôطȥˣ
ܷʲôƣֻŸոճ˱Сһ쳣׳Ӱһߺ;ƹ˴кһѰλ
û취Ҿƹݵ⣬̫ˡ
ھƹ֮Уѽӽĳ̶ȡ
ɨһȦմߵͬ飬Ҷǰ˼ĿڵСֵܣмλǴպһ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻԣͺá
ǾͶлˡһɭĸ׳ԣʱһϲҲһƨɾ
Ҷֻһһ֨죬浣һӣܲס׳
Ⲣ˵׳ж֣һģʵ̫׳ˡ
ϵļ⣬ɫļУǿ񱬡
˵ͣԼʮ꣬һͷɫͷǳۡ
ˣһ֪һ
ߵһͬ飬Ȼ󣬿ܻʮ꣬ȴԵúǹƧӽŵڣһ仰û˵
ݴݺţţ֭ϲˡɭ֮󣬿ҲǶˣԳҶʾл֮󣬾Ȳĳ̨к
ˣϾȥŲ̄һ˵꣬ͽһƣΪɭϳԵġ
ȻɭƹݵӦúϤҪȻԷҲΪϳԵġ
ȻҲһĻҲû⡣
ֻ˸ֺţţҪһ֭ģݶֵ߰ʮö˱ңɭȥһأ㵹Ƿ˰
ٺ٣׬һ㣬Ҳûáɭ׳ƺеֱû̫ۣʲô˵ʲôû⻰ͼ
Ȼ׬ˣǾͺ˵ɵ͡ҲΪ㣬ֻҪһһҺƾˡ
ҺƣУУһҺƣҪʮö˱ңҿ벻ÿһ໨ơôˣҪһһҺƣҿǻֱƲġɭǺˬһ֣ǴӦֻͣǽҺƣ໨ơ
ɭӦͣƹˣʱһ󻶺
ͷЩߴ½Ӷ׬Ǯɲס
ղ˵ҲǺܸߡ
ʱðΣգһ񣬻һµĿ
ɭһ֣ô˵ĿͣԱǸʮ꣬ʱг˳ɭ·
ʱɭһӣȵ𣬸ûǸİʾ
һĻһʱһε̾˿ûٶ˵ʲôֻԼǮ濴˿ڲ鿴֧һٷǮ
ҶԺЦ֮УǮģӦǸꡣ
ɭΪȻˬң֪ιֻ²֪УЩɬˡ
Ҷʵһֱעˡ
һֵϡ
ܹó˲ûʲôѪԵϵǵʵҲǺܸߡ
ɭ׳Լһūεߡ
Ǹ꣬ūĲΣûдﵽֵǣҶ֪ȴЩƧ꣬Σճ̶ȣԶԶɭ
ҶԼҲұ֤Լ꿹⡣
ɭ˵ȥһūǣûмūǵĳ˵ūǵĳѾūĲΰɣû˵ͨˣ̶ܽȣǶûǼͽҲǿһƴˡƹ֮УͻȻ˿ڵ
Ȼ˵£һǺú˵˵Ҫ˵ūǣǷ˴¡ɭһھƣſ˵һūǷң֪˵ūǵĳġ
ɭ㲻˵µĽǴܲµūǵĳΪų켺ȡһɣûʲôϡ棬ūҲūǵĳﵽūĴβ㣬ūǣ˵㡣
˶£û̫עΪǰҲūǵĳķʽһЩϷˡ
ϾūҲ̫ԶԶūǵһЩ飬ЩˣǷǳġ


42 
ǿɾͲ´ˣһūıˡɭǵžƹ˵ΪūǴ˴αңðһλ˼ߡĳһսһٻ˳ĳϢһ˲ʱ䶯ūǣҲ˵ūҪˡ
ʲô飿
ɭ㲻ڿЦɣ
ⲻܣūҲһūεߣūǣ˭ܶҡĵλ飬ǾԲܷġ
ƹ֮еˣ׷׶¶˻벻ŵ顣
ΪͬߵǣȻûʸߵ飬֮飬ȴԵ÷ǳԡ
Ҳµ֮һȦӰɡ
߸ϵߣмЩݱߡ
ΪߣȻҲȥ̸۵֮顣
Ƭ֮Уūǵĳһ֮УΪʾ޵Ĵ
ū֮ڣڷԲǧĵ֮УҲ൱λһߡ
֪жսߣҪūλãһ˫ȭ֮¡
֮УƬūǵĳ֮еĵһˣôͻȻһߴܣ
ֱЦ
Ȼɭںݺݹһھˮ֮󣬲Ǻ˵ÿʵ飬ū֮дˣۿūʬ塣˵ڵūǣһϣĵͷƹţǸߣͷһģūǸһЩ䣬Ѿʼλ³ˡ
ҿ˵а۵ģĪ£
пܣǰãҲūǵľɲһһūǡ
Щһ˵ҲʼŽ
¿ģ˵ūǵū̹ܽ٣ڲǰҲͻūĲΣһū̹ܽūϵΪūǵĿȨ˴ƴ
ͻȻ뵽ū̹ܽٵʵʱһȻΪ뵽ʼĩʼ⳯˴
ԣһЩ֪ū̹ܽʵˣҲʼͣǳͬ²⡣
ū֮У˿԰⵹ūҲֻū̹ܽ٣ʵ
ǶҪϹ²ЩʲôˣǶ´ˣǴشӶ˵ˣūˣһˣū̹ܽ٣Ҳʮ˰ɣˣ𣿺ٺ٣ҲˣҲˣصˣǾ񲻳жôᣬūεȻʮꡣɭ˵յĴ𰸡
ˣʮꣿ
ɭѾģǲӽˮˣ
ǲܵʱ򣬾ǱʵﵽʮţˣҲʮʱ򣬾ͽūĲΡ
˵ɣɭʱˣǺŲӴеһȺûʶļһûһ˵Ǳʵ㣬ֻܴﵽʮ㡣ˣ½֮ϣһЩǳţƵˣΪ죬ͼǵǱʵ㣬ͻʮ㣬ūǵĴʼˣɾһӵʮһǱʵˡ
⻰ûЦɭūǳһߣֲҪ˼顣
˵˴һЩ֪ɭԸˣѡ˴¡
ɭҶȴ΢΢Щ졣
뿪ūǼ죬û뵽ʸͷĶô죬ͽˣγˡ
һҶʱҲ࣬׼ˡ
СֵܣҲһлɭ˵һЩ֮ͻȻк˵ĻƣҪһ֭ҶǰȻһԱߵĹƧ꣬ԽװˣҲվһ
ǸЩƧ꣬ܲװᣬǸԴǣɭһƣЩڵĶ˾Ʊ
ɾʱֻ顱һһƵ촫
ƹݵĴţһ߿ǳ뺷Ӱŵ˽
Ϊ֮ˣɨһ飬Ҷ֮󣬶ʱ۾һתһߣ֪˵ʲô
Ǹԣʱ¶һЦݣѰǸһöرңųҶ
ߵʱ򣬸ߵĴ֣Ѻ׶žƹˣȵûүҪǻ
ƹ֮ڵ⻰ȴǸŭԣʱ
ЩηȨƵˣ˳˾ƹݡ
һĻҶʱ֪Щˣǳġ
һ㣬ֻǸһ˫۾ԴӽûдӶʫʫ뿪ͿԿ


43 
ҶƵɭҲǱɫ
žƱ֣һֱ뵽ʲô飬ûҶԽ궯ֻ֣ͬһƵĹƧ꣬뿪
һĻͿԿݣþƹˣ֮˼ɵ
˸еǣһֱֵ൱Ƨ꣬Ȼʱɭ֣Ҷ˴һСġƣβɭ뿪
ҶŹƧıӰâһ¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
꿴Ƨ꾹ȻҶʾȫȨɫ˼㡣
ɭԽȥķ¶һ˿ɫ´Ҷһۣߵʫʫ붫ΣȻŮˣүҪˣӦûʲôɣ
ҵȻûҶȻһЦͺá
ٺ٣Сӣ㻹ͦģԵͷôµķϣүҲͲˡ˵֮ʹɫŮ˴ߡ
ǣү뺷׳һЦ˳Ҷٺ٣Сӣʵ㣬үǷ˴ȱҪȻɲŮ򵥡
˵⻰ǳʫʫ붫˹ȥ
ٺ٣үҪΪġȱصĴˡҶҡͷһЦҪүһš
ǲȻүʯǣ˭үһ׳Ҷ֪ļһԼ죡
ͷ˵滰˼ҲţҪ졣Ҷҡͷ̾ϢһȻˣǾรɡ
Ҷ⻰һ꣬ûе˷ӦͻӰһһץ׳Ѿһߵ÷˳ȥ
һ죡
ֻ֮䣬Ǹ뺷׳Ȼһţֱ߱ͷ
ͷʬ壬Ϲһ㣬һľ֮Уֻ˫˫ֳ鴤˼£û˶Ȼòˡ
һĻƹ棬Եù
˻
ƹ֮һЩûߵˣе
㣬ǡ־ŭ֮УʱǾɱүߵˣǻˣ֪ʯ˭ǡ
ǻʸ壬ʯ˭ģŰɡʫʫüһ壬һӣѪӣߣ˳ȥ
žһ죬ڽֵ룬֪
һ£ƹ֮еˣʱɵֱۣǲΡ
ҶڿǸĲ״֮Ҳʶһзû뵽ŮˣȻ˶
Ҫϴʸͷ磬ҶʫʫУֻҲò˶١
εʱҪʫʫֵļʱ뵽Ǹһűͷ׳ҶҲ鲻ԽԼͷҪ֪ԼԴǲǿԳܵסεһš
˿̣ҶʲôƹˣȴʶҶݵĲ
߸ŮˣȻǺߣݣƽ
߰ɡҶû˵öңǶԾƹϰ⳥Ŷκʫʫȥ
ߵſڵʱͻȻ뵽ʲôʱתɴڴ֮е˵Ŷˣߺʯǵĳ׼һңΪүľʧѣû⣬ʸ˵µġ
˵꣬Ҳ˵ı飬ֱӳ˾ƹݣһʧ˽ֵľͷ
ƹ֮УȴһƬž
֪˶ã˲żѵ¿ˮŵĿڵǡղ˵˵ʲôʡʸ壿ǻʸˡ
ӦòܰɣʸˣôܳѵǳŻʸĻƤ죿һ͵˵Լ뷨
ⲻܣ뿴˭ðʸˡˣǷӣɵӣҪȻ
Ӧǻʸˣһôãɻû˭ðʸ֮ҡײƭģֻǻʸˣôֻ֮أ
һ£ƹ֮еˣڿ϶Ҷ˵֮һӾͻˡ
ˣǷɿĳ˾ƹݡ
ʵǲţԼȻĵطĿõʮ֮е
˵ܹҺʮ֮еͬһƹ֮кȾƣǿһӵ̸ʰ
ָоֱһ
ͺñһؤͻȻҸһλͳһٷһ㡣
˵֮ؤͳһԷҪλá


44 ƶ
Ҷȴ֪Ϊʮ֮һĻʸ壬½˴Ӱ
ң֪Ҳ̫⡣
˾ƹݣʫʫˣҪڳвһʡ
˻ᣬҶȻҲúһ½ĳǳطۡ
żͭһ·С
½ĳǳأݳǳصĹģСʮǡ
һǳǳأǹģСĳǳأʮǳǳأȴǹģĳǳء
ūĳǳأûǼ
ǺʯĳǳأҲſﵽһǳǳصı׼
ʯȻֻ½һǳǳأоúŦȴȫ
ģСǳ˵ĳС
ҶȴרһЩȽƫƧĵطȥ䡣
ţҶˣɾ˺ʯǵƶ
ƶֵϵˣǳϡ١
ĻҲ൱Ķӡ
ҵĳûһѲ
Ĵһִ̱ǵζ
ƶ֮ǰֱ硣
ֵߣٵĿ
ĵط꣬ûӯĿܡ
ҵĽܲ
żܿһڷӲ·߿ʳš
ߣһЩˮмʳʡ
ֵߣѾСɽһķ
Щ֮У¶һЩɭɭİ׹ǣҲ֪ʬ壬޵ʬ塣
½ƶֻ֮򣬻ҪصĶ࣬ƶڵĵϣӦѾû˰ɡҶҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ֻ½κһطпܴڡ
ʱǰͻȻһҵİ֮
ҶĿһȴǡÿһĻΪ˶ʳɱ¾֮ս
ǰ漸õˣΪףײеĳǵͬ飬˹
һᣬⳡѪȵĶʳ֮սֹˡ
ĵʤߣݲݴһ±˵ʬ壬ͿŰ뿪
ɱ¾Ƭ֮Уʱݡ
ҶҲû飬ȴǰ洫һǳ֮ע⡭
ǰ˼ףֺǳ֮ԽԽ
תһֵǰһƬ൱ָɾĹء
أԼġƽΧǼʵľΧ
ڹ㳡м䣬һ޴ľӡ
ľӴŴҶȴһϤӰ֮ǰھƹ֮ɭ
˿̵ɭʮĺӣģĽŴѵ
ЩСӣûԱô˼Ȧûˣܣ첻ʮȦԷɭվһȺӵǰ棬ߺڳܱ
Կʱɭƺһ˿ɫ
һ㣬ɴʱʱɵȭͷͿԿ
ЩԼǰϱܵĺ֮ʱסȭͷջ˿ǸƧ꣬˿ڹ㳡һʯͷ֮ϣĬĬŲһѾЩ⼣
ÿƧʱҶеԼУһ˿Īļ¡
ͺƧ֮꣬УǱſ˲һ
ҶѾȫܹȷƧ꣬һʲôܡ
ֵĹ֮ͻȻڹ㳡棬ͣ
һĻù㳡֮бܵĺǣͣźǻ۾һͣڹ㳡Χ
ÿһС۾˸һ˿Ľ뺦µɫ
ôˣǲǡţ˵ɭͻȻ˳źǵĿ⣬Ź㳡Χȥ
㳡֮һ֮Ҳһľȡ
ּĺ˵ǺʯǵƶǺʯǵķҲǺټġ
ɻ˸߹ĺΪλ֮ʱǿӳҶ
ȻˣȻҶ֮ʱȴסˡ
һԼ۾ȷԼûп֮ˣЩ
ôޣôͲʶˣҶӳЦ˵һƣɻûкˡ
β󣬶κʫʫҲżͭ˹
ƶΰǳңʫʫˣɲҶʲô⡣
ֻǺȻʫʫҶĵطЩ
УҶֻǻʸһϵҲ㲻ϵӵܣɭ͹ƧˣҲûʸҶύġ
Ŀ֮Уڼҫʮֿصġ
ϡʶǡǻʸ١үɭ޴룬ȻҶִݵˣЩ֪ǺãͰͽһ仰˵꣬ͻȻͨһ͹Ҷǰ
ɭ־ٶҶһ
ޣǸʲôҶû뵽ʸȻ֮󣬿ɭԼ¹æ߹ȥԷ
ǡǸҡ֮ǰ֪ݣð֮¡ɭһĺ£ԼȻŻʸһүȾƣȾͲһ


45 ߵ
Ǹƹ֮У֮ǰֵĽ꣬ǺʯĶԡ
ΪǸǷͬһ㣬ĸ׾Ǻʯǵĳ
ʯǣ˵һʵۣɽںʯǼû˸Ǹꡣ
ھƹ֮У˶ƵóҶһˣ궢ϣһûʲô³
Щ˶飬ǷȻںʯǳȴû˸Ҳִ¡
˭Ҳû뵽ҶһеͷȻ֮赽Ľ꣬˲˵ȻжԷ⳥һöҡ
Ҫ֪н꣬ʲô
һöң൱ʯʮ밡
˾޴⳥˱ʯǵĳЩ
֪ҶŽûųãͼʯǵĳųĹܼңԽһֹ͹̬ſҶĽ£һöҡ
ܺʯǵĳ׳һöҵʱ۵ļҪѪȻҶ˵֡
˿ͣڳĳԼģ֪ԭһΣʯǳĶӣߵ塣
һ壬һ߾ߵ塣
һУֻһ棬Żʸӡǡ
ʯǵĳڵ֪ԼĶӣȻ˻ʸӵܵϣʱŵûȥ
ع֮һƽԼ߿ĶȷɣȻ˽մӳǵһڻ
ԴߵĹܼңҵҶһˣǹĽһö
ڵ֪Ҷ˾Ȼǻʸ֮ɭ͹ƧҲŷ
ڽһӵͬȾƣɭǹƧ꣬ЩλãֻһУʵ̫˼ˡ
Ϊ˵ɭԼھƹΪʵû嵽˼㣬ͬһȾƣڶԷѵʱȴֶȥΪԼһų
ٺ٣ޣɲҪ˵ǱƼˮ꣬ɲΪһƣΪԷ˵ӡҶ㳡֮еЩһۣŵ֪ҪչЩӣֻҲǸꡣ
ô֪ЩģɭһԾҶǲ졣
ƧʱҲ˹
ֻһȻһӣΪ˲໰ȴǳҶͷ
ùƧ˴кҲƧļˡ
Ҷͷ֮㾲վɭߣȻû˵ȴܹ˸ܵҶû˿ӵĴӵܣ൱ĺøС
һ㣬ֻЩӿǵ񣬾ͿԿҶȻһЦôĹ¶ֻһ㣬ԿǵƷ뿪ʱгһ˿ҿ϶֮뿪ΪǸ꣬ԭǵǳ֮Щӻûչˡ
˵ҶĿɨ˹Ƨ꣬£߹ʾôһųˣеʱԼΣȷѡ񣬲һִ¡
ԼҶͣɭƧ꣬ʿΪ֪ĳ嶯
ˣµľǱ̰֮ͽ
벻ǵĿԣ˼ֻ￴һۣȫŪˡ
ײߣҪûݣҪλûеλÿһ춼úǼѡ
ܹõʸִӵܵأеĸж֪
Ҫ֪ϣλµǣֻǱ߸ϵΪūûйԸ࿴һۣ˵˽ǳ̸ˡ
ٺ٣ԭһڲ²⣬ƾ׬Ǯ˵ʲôҲܴôףˣǮ󲿷ݶȺС˰ɡ
ҶȺ˾ĺӣΧɭƧߣҲǸпӵͷȻߵͭϵĳʳֵЩСӵС
һڲͬĴӵܰɭһҶַʳһȴ¶ԵЦݵЩСһﶼЩǳĹ¶ͿҺԽչˣǿҪһʲô⣬ҲزˣЩСһҪôȥ
Ҷϵĳʳ֮ܳĴ£һľ֮С
磬ǲǸɶշģ㲻ҪǵķӺòãҪǵķӣǾûطסˡˣҽдԺٳԵ㣬ٴ㣬ʡǮǵòãһֻһٷˣܻܿϷġģСʫʫƭ˵ģ
һСһˮ⣬鵰⣬ƴſˮȻ᲻óԵСһ鲼ãȻӵߵҶߣҶ
СһҲʫʫʱ򣬲ĸԴ󷢣ʫʫŮˣҲֽС㱧Ц⣬ʼС
㳡ģѾдûˣСʫʫеʵǺʯǵһСѾǰ߹ˡ
ɭ˵µʱЩ˼Ͼ⣬ռ˼ҵĵطɲһʲôʵ飬Ҳûа취
ҪЩСûסĺûӶȹġ
һϯ˵ɭпѡ


46 
ɭҶλ֮ӵܣΪַǳͣûһӵǰưĮȻҲſ˾
˵ɭǰҲһ
ʯǵ֮Уܴﵽūεˡ
ɭȴһ֮Ум֮һ
ǰںʯǣɭҲƶļذ֮һ
ΪǵһߣԷ֫ӽһˮ
飬½ʱз
ߣ浽ߵĵطûС
ʵɭǱȽϺõģȻ֫һʱȴҲָ˹
ڼ䣬ȴŶͷš
ҪĹУǡѰʳԽֻͱ˿׵ȥˡ
Խɭ֮󣬳ڸмɴڻָ֮󣬾
ԼרŽһЩ۵ȻޱȣΣղСǺô겻ƣǿԽЩӵĳԴ⡭
Ҳļˡ
ϾޣЩ۵ҪԽһЭƾһ˵ҲǺɵġ
ƾԽõ꣬ǿԽǵĳԴ⣬ںʯǰĵ⣬ȴЩ
ҪȻⷿ⣬һǷʹˡ
ٺ٣ʯǣطסҲǰ취ҵзӣ԰һݵĽ⡣ҶɭͻȻһЦֻ֪ԸԸ⡣
Ը⣿ܲԸ⡣ɭϲֻҪܰǽ⣬ʲôǶԽܡ
ãԸУǵ˵ޣĺӣ㶼˵һ飬ôû˵ԽҶ˵˴죬ڽ⣬תԽϡ
ɭȴû˿ԥԽһȴЩأһ壬ûˣϿȥֻһǳͨˡɱ˵һͨˣһǿߣڳҲǺѻȥģ˾ȵǣôȻһֱȥãչЩ¶֮ǰЩСһǿԽʣֻܻ֪ӦҲһŹµˣȴûʹ
û壿ûˣҶеɻˡ
һûд壬û˵ˣôеļµϢ
ϢҶ˵ǳϤΪӡҩ֮УϢ
ӵϢˣһ㶼һˡ
ˣһ㳣ֶΣͲüˡ
ңˣҲһ䡣
Ϊһ䣬߶ˡ
ֻһЩض䣬ܴ߶ˣӵ˵ˣ
Ҷ̳׼ҩĴУȻҲ̳һϹ׼ҩһС
һϹʱڵ׼ҩһ֪ռ˶ٲÿһ䣬Ƿǳ߼䡣
뿴һ׼ҩΪһصҩǴۣһ˳ܵ
ʱǷһߵȼ䡢˼û㡣
ң㻹𲻷
ֻҪԹдҪͽҩʦǿ߳˽㡣
仰˵ҶڵһοƧʱ򣬾ѷ꣬ӵһˣΪ֮ˡ
ˣһֻߣпӵС
½κһߣӵгΪһǿߵǱʣҲҶΪʲôҪôʱԭ֮һ
ȻѾϣͲܹ¾ս
㣬͵Լ
һ˵ӵߣȻ׷֡
ȻҲΪ˹ƧƷ
ҪһаļһǶԷ츳ٸߣҶҲԷ
Խϳȷûд壬ǰҲ⣬ûˣһַǳ츳һǼͽҲ֮
ǼͽҶΪ֮𾪣ҪǼͽ⣬ҪʥūĲΣܣôҲû뵽Խû˵ȻͿǼͽ
ʵ̫ˡ
ѵ˵ӵߣ죿
ɭȻһЦԽйȻ˵˾ʲô
Խԥһ£Ҷһᣬ¶˾һһΣȻһ󵭵İ׹֮УûӰ
ˮڴ󺣣ɳûɳĮҲ޼Ѱ
һӵˣȻһʡνʣָǵʣǸ֮壬žףʲôʱڣӵʵ˸Ĵڡ
Խӵָʣӵˣеĵ·ֻ˭Ҳ޷ռɾ͡
Ҷʱֿĸо
츳ôûϡ
˰ΣԽ˾ĿУֳӰ


47 ʸ
һ̣ʫʫ붫ΣҲһ𾪵ԽҲû뵽Ʋ۵꣬Ȼӵд˵ʡ
ǣǸӦԽڣû֮Уֲ¶һ˿ź
Ҫ֪Թ嫵½Ҳûгֶӵиʵò׳һȻһû˵ϡ
ү˿Цɣ
ãܺáʱҶַԽļ򣬹ЦԽҽм飬˵һ¡
СӣɵˣŽȥɭԽվԭûʱˣ߹ȥһԽƨϡ
ʱ򣬾ɵӣҲ֪ҶҪԽһôˡ
뵽ҶΪʸӵܣ֣ôҲ̫װɣ
Խһɻ֮УҶľ֮С
ԽһҶæľŹغãȻӻһţݵԽǰⱾ飬ӽⱾľɸı
Ҷ˵Ὣе֣һҳ
ԽȻһɻȻ˫ۣҳϵ֮ʱʱ񣬶Ϊ֮һ
Խڵһۿϵ֮ʱȫĵĳС
·Ǳϵ֣Īһ㣬Ŀ⣬Ҳ뿪ֺ
ңУһеĺһѪĸо
Ҳʵ㣬㲻ӵи֮壬ӵǧˣⱾ䣬ֻ˵ˣܹ֮£ϣ㲻Ҫõ֪
԰գҲԽı飬Ҷ뿪ˡ
ͣԽգǧ򱶵ĻԽ߬е䣬߬Լһ㣬ٴҶӰʱ򣬸һӰĵס
ԺںʯͣƬ̣ҶŶκʫʫɭָ£ڳڣһʱ䣬ų˴ߺʯǵĳš
ȻڳǵʱҶ˳ֽӺʯǳթһöңȫ͸ɭ
ôһӴʽɭԽСͬʱҲܸЩСõ
Ҷ֮ôӴһʽɿԽصһŲƽġ
һ㣬ֻԽСһЩ츳СһͿԿ
뿪ʯǺ
һ·ϣҶҲʼ˲пĴ
һŰķԼԼٶȡ
ǰҶ壬ֵʹ࣬ҲǶ֮ǡ
һΣʯ֮УҶЩСĹذ֮顣
֮ǰһҪɱҶŮˣʱҶ˼ĸĹۡ
һ·ϣ֮ʱҺ֮ҲɴǲιˮźҶһˬ
ӮöζԼĹػҲĲ֮ˡ
֮󣬶ΪʲôʸӵܣΪλʹĴ塣
ҶԺʵʵ˵
ε֪ҶʸӵܣֻһϵҲ㲻ϵӵܣλȥҪ󣬲ϵʱ
ĸ黳ҶץʱʱҶչˣ΢
ڶε£Ҷסٶȣ澫
ȵоѿԳʥūεʱ򣬻ʸ嵽ˣ
Уһޱߵľ޴յ죬տ֮УƮš
죬ŰСƮڰ֮С
֮ϣһΡɽ壬û֮Уɽ
·ȥɼһ޴ĵ츽ƮŰȽСĵ졣
˵СҲֻĵһ͵ԡ
˸С͵ĵ죬ֻܵҲ
֮ϣǷޣֲҩġ
ŨԪ·ΪʵʵԪ֮Χŵ죬ƮϢ
ҶվĵطǰƯڰ֮еĵ죬ڻվһһĿ
ĵ죬˵һ죬ʵǾſ½ҲΪ
˲ãרŵķйߣǵǰ
ʫʫʾе֮һ˱һʽǳֵķɴһĵɳ۶ȥ
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ǻʸǵʫʫҶָΧ죬һһ˵ÿһǵ֮ϣһţͨţԽгԶĴ͡ŵҪӴԾǼĵϵӵܣһҲûʸţʱҪȥߵóضĽͨߡ


48 СħŮ
ţҶһȻĪǾǴ˵еĴ󣿡뵽ʫʫָķȥ
ÿһ룬һԪ൱ŨԪӿ֮䣬һȷǳõŻŨԪ֮С
ҶעĿҪŵòȴʼնֻܿһõ
֮أ׷ˣûмԪϻĳϣҲ׽롣ʫʫҶâһɲҪŵ⣬ֻͨ»ûܵŸ͵ñ˻ɱ
ŶѵŸפأҶüͷһЩ꣬ûͨţɹ
ȻŸҶȴЩطɼΪ˵
жϣÿһŸֻ¶ŷǳǿĸػ
ƾڵʵ˼Ҷֻ֣ҪһԴ
ȻͨҪȻʸҲɸŸˡʫʫ˵ص˵ǻʸ壬ϵʸҲϵƿءɺ֪ʲô飬ϵΪȨʼƴѹԷϵһǰĴսһս֮Уһϵʧ֮ʣŶߵġ
ʸ廹ңҶȻ˵֮Уڻʸ壬ʮ壬ǰĴˣ֮ǰ񲻸ǿ
Ҷڻʸʶ֪ӻʸҷ߳ˣ޲һ˽ܡ
κһʸˣҪͬȾࡣ
ʸ½࣬ǿŻʸǰ˴ƴġ
ǵȻ뵱ʸΪǿʢʱ򣬿λʮڶλá˵ʫʫȻڻʸȨû˱ˡ
һ˵ŻɴѾٳĵĴʻȥ
һ޴ɽʱͻȻɷҶ΢΢һͷȥȴһ޴ɽ֮ϣȻȦޡ
໹ûо˵Ļʸӵܣĥ¡
ھǵ֮ϣӵܽĥµĵطǸղžһɽ壬Ǿǵ֮һΪƽҲΣϵСĥ֮ء
ʫʫʼΪҶһЩʸ飬ʸ״ΪҶϸһ顣
ǵǻʸķԴ֮أǻʸʥء
½ŲٵĶ츣ء
ǵҲһȽĶ츣ء
˵ÿһϣһȼǳ֮ߵԲʹþǵԪ൱Ũֲʲôҩǳʡ
ΪԪӯκȡ°빦
ͬʱҲǻʸ߼ʸһջ
ɴ˾ǵַһʱ䣬һԪΪŨ
һƬûб߼ʵĲԭǻʸĵϵӵܣܽĵطʫʫͻȻָһƬ嫵ĲԭûмκηǵϵӵܽһƬԭһ֡
Ҷԣһͷ·ȥ
ֻһƬĲԭ֮УһΡ޳ǡ
޳֮Уһΰ쳣Ĺ
Щɾ޴ޱȵʯġ
յҫ֮£ÿһʯĹԣ̻Ի͡
һȥڲԭ֮ϵľ޳ǣͬ칬һ㡣
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˵ɳ޳Щˣǻʸĵϵӵˡ
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Ҷԣ΢΢һ㶣Ŀһ޳ȥ
һ޳ǣ÷ǳ׳ΰҶۿ֮ʣʱһȻĿһЩζõƺž޳ǵϵĻ޳֮С
ЩɢνǻʸΪܣɢߣ֮ǻʸܹ֮һֱʢ˥ܲɷֵĹϵ
ʫʫ˵ĵϵӵܣҲЩĽ
ΪѹôҶȻһֱΪѹ֮˵ֻһ˵ȴû뵽Ȼġ
ˣһЩԭ򡣡ʫʫͻȻһЦȥɣСҪ㣬ҪȻҲطġ
СҪңҶɻ󣬿ʫʫûҪ˵˼ȴҲûжʡ
ʫʫ˴߶ķɴͣ˲ԭ֮ϣȻ˴ŶεȥĵطҶһ޳ǵȥ
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Ҷţκһˣֻ¶רŴ塣
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ͬȾ罻սһˣһֶ
Խǹ۲죬ҶԽľǻʸıɽһǵʵȴ𺳡
ʸ壬޳֮С
һ⻬ޱȵľ֮ǰ
Ҷʫʫվھ֮£עž֮һ㺹ٻӰ
һʮŮֱ̬ûû˵
ʱ޳֮ϣһ޴
Ů£ϳž֮ϣϡ
ÿӶһ㣬ϵ򣬶ݺʯ֮ײһ£ʯڣײһ𶯣ʯм֮УƷǳ֮ˡ
Ҷȴһľȣ꣬ȻַҪ塣
£ÿһξ룬Ե÷ǳĳȴӲҧԼǿмŲԼӾϵ¡
С㣬ڻʸСħŮ֮ƵĻʸᰣҼС㲻ӵˣǱʵ㣬Ǵﵽʮ㣬СѾĵز
룿Ҷ΢΢һΪ룿
ν룬ָ壬ѾͻūֲΣʥūεߣͻƣܴﵽ֮ﵽһ̶ȵߣѲūγǵȼˡ½ܴﵽһεߣȴǷǳϡ٣ˣ֪ʥūϵ徳磬СһǰﵽġССϰŲۣȴģÿ򣬶شСÿ춼ڡ
ʫʫվҶԣҶ˵Сڲ£ƾ˫ֵͿһľͽ
ҿôͣҶȻ


49 Ǳ
һ˵ֻʥūεߣſǼͽ⡣
νǼͽҲܳǡ
û뵽ﵽĳ̶Ⱥͽ
ҶŸոմͻʥūεżûȥ׻֮ǻһαȽԶľ롣
֮ϡ
ʸҧѵĳ棬һһţӲʱҡڣ浣
ôߵĵطǸߣҲԲôܰɣ
ϱȴɿڹ⻬ޱȵľ
ѾͷͣҶզࡣ
Ҫٵܰж
һˣ˵򣬾һٽֻ¶ܲˡ
ɽ˶Աڵʱϰٽֻ˲ͻᱻ׹µףϾڵĿܡ
Ѿͷϸ棬Ҳ֪ضô˵
ÿһ̧㣬ʹþ֮ʯ䣬Ҳǽܻѵھ֮ϡ
Сǻʸһ֮УС츳ǿһˡʫʫžϵӰһ˿ηСŸʮ꣬ѵ˻ĵزΪǴﵽ˾ʿĳ̶ȣֻһɽʦ֮
ʮʦ
ҶһЦڻʸЩСʶ
ʸͷ˻ʸһ̳˳Ϊ֣껹ʮȴʦΪ
ʦ棬ǿǾԵĸˡ
½֮ϣЩ죬ʵҲʿ֮
Ҳֵӵʦ֮Ϊӣūǵʱһµһĸ̬ˡ
ʱֻ䣡һ졣
ʸھ֮ϣͻȻһʧӣ£ٳ׹
Ȼ˿̵Ļʸᰣȴû˿Ļ֮ɫƺǰ⡣
ֻ壬ڰ֮Уչһ£ϵ򣬶ʱ㣬һĨһ׹µס
ˣڰ֮УٴһԾ֮ϣ˫־ô֮һۣˣ˳žڣֱӻ
֮ϵļʯУûʲô
С㣬ĴˣԱߣȺѾõʫʫæһʪʸ˹ȥ
ʸ᰽ӹʪһϵĺ飬üôڻаͲôһˣΪʲôȥ
ʫʫҡͷһЦС㣬ǲ֪㰡ʮ꣬Ѿ˻ĵزΪǴﵽ˾˵ľʿ㣬ñ˿ô
Ѿͷ㶮ʲôҵʣڻʸ廹ԣ½Щ˵ȴʲôʸһЩ㽵ϴҳһǱϵˣǲţһ죬ҲҪǱ񣡡
ʫʫʱһ
СҰģҲ̫˵㡣
Ǳ½ֻʮ
ʮ˵ƺܶࡣ
ү½жô嫣ֻû֪
½ǻ壬壬ٻƵȺ
˵Ⱥ˵½û˿ͳƵĹΪ½ʵ̫ˡ
ͳ˿飬û˿԰쵽
ھ֮£ǸǱϣϵġ
Ա֤һ㣬ǾǱˣһ֮УΪŵĴڡ
ѾˣֱݣΪǡ
С㣬꣬ūһԵǱġʫʫʱҲòΥĳʸ˵һȽϹάĻ
ѾͷҲұС㣬ҴǡʸҲ֪ƾԼ츳ΣҲܵǱģղҲֻɧˡ
ݺݵʫʫһۣϼ䣬ȻʫʫߵҶȴ΢΢һҶۣŵСӣӦþصķɣ
ҶЦͷѾͷ˵ǲ
ףȻûˣһȴǴĲӦôﵽūĲ˰ɣʸ᰺ȻҶûзӦ֮ʣͿס֣ϸһȻһЦȻﵽūĲΣȥ԰ɣҪʮͷѪʨĹлС㵱ҵ
Ҷ֪ʸᰵʵԶԶԼȴҲ벻˼ֻһӣ˲סԼ
Լ˼У治ʲôأ
ʸᰵ־סһʱ֮䣬Ҳû˵ʲôֻʵ˵ʲô
ʸ᰺ȻһЦôȥ԰ѪʨֻҪܶʮͷѪʨСз֮ô
ҶɻʲôѪʨ
ʫʫһԽ˵һֵͽޣʨͷ¹ʵ൱ǵͽ
ʵ൱ͽҶһȥ
ƾڵʵԸһͷѪʨƴһе£ǿŹȥ
ʮͷѪʨϣǸЩͲˡ


50 թ
ʸҲҶϵı飬ֱʫʫԸȥ԰ﱾС뷴ӦٶȣܳŹʮͷѪʨĹʹҡ
˵ʸһݣȴǴһȥԶˡ
ҶŻʸᰵӰһҡͷֲñ˼ҳΪСħŮѾͷͻᱻ
ԼļƻҪһʵʩˡ
汻ʸץȥιѪʨԼɹѪʨһء
ɻʸģԼСпܻһʧ󣬾͸ˡ
ķգҶɲȥð
ʫʫĴ£ҶʱѺһʯ֮С
бк죬͸ս֮УƽȻ֮ɫ
ҹϮĸ֮ҲɢһЩ
ҶԴһǰҡ
ʮƽڶѷһʯ
ǽڶһֲڵĴʯҲǴʯ̳ɣǽżİ׹ǣԼǵһˡ
ŵĸʴùζʹҶ΢΢üͷ
ܿҶͣסԼĺ˼룬ԼЬӣ˺Ьףֻһڷֽ
һֽҶ϶ʱ¶һ˿Ц⣡
ûⶫһ·ôôİʵ
ڼãʶ·ܹ´ɳˣܻǿ
֮ûȷ֮ǰԻʸȨƣΣҲõ׷
ֻֻҶ֮󣬼òſܷ顣
ʫʫؼ壬ҶҪľǼ֮Уġȥ
թ
ֻҶõУӶӳ졣
ҶٵذǲֽȻֽЬϣеֽҺ֮ǰһֹߣҪȻοˣ
˵Ҷϣϸһᣬȷû˺󣬱㻺ĳֽ
ֻֽ˺һСڣ͸һڰ׻ӳĹâȵֽ˺һ˵㣬֮˿
ڰ֮һ֮¶ڷƬڰҶӣݵ˺µƬҶӡ
Ҷָ̧ḧһݵҶӣгڴ֮ɫ
ݣ϶ˣʣƬҶˣϣԺϸһҶƬʹ֮ÿһܷϸ΢ڣǵ֮Ҷ˫һգͽݵҶӣ˿С
ţҶȻһźʵţкүɱˣʮһú
⻰Ÿոս꣬Ҷ͸еȫͻȻһеʶһģͦͳֱȥ
Ҫʯ֮ϣʱֽŷȫޱȡ
ҿҶƬҩЧҲ̫˰ɣҶЦֻǷʯͷڵ´󺰵ʮǺúǺú
ֽһһϡĽŲҶʱ˿૵Ǹһ׼ҩַһթ֮Ӧûʲôɣ
뵽ҶֻȫһǿҵϮԴҲԽԽأͦһᣬͻȻǰһڣڰ֮С
Ҷթ֮ʣǵһ֮С
һ棬һǳصİҡ
үˣ
һοˣһɫףĿŰױϵӰ֮Уһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ңױ
һϮƳ۵ĻʸڤеһʹҼʮӣ̾һ̧ͷ·˵īһϵһʸˣ
īû˼ѿڶ游ʮˣӶүǻʸϵӵʱǵ游Ƕүߵˡ
ʮ꣬һʱ䰡ʸڤϣ¶һƻǵõң㣬ԼˡʷŬȵֵһʮˣСͬ㣬һ𳤴һսһƴ¡˶һʸڤѾ׷Ŀǣȴ֪еһУǶȰźõģҪûжһְţڻʸ壬ôнĳɾͣ
ү֮ˣǻʸʵӢţϧӢţöүս⣬ʸ壬һЩ˵㡣ս£īҲ¶һ˿㽡
ϧڶү֮ЩֵܣҲһһ⵽ݺ
ҪȻĻʸ壬Ȼһȫµľ档
ôȥˣЩֻѾˣϧŪˣЩ飬κҲ޷ġʸڤ˵һĵ̾ϢīǶ֣Щ꣬ҲûйִƼİʥʵҲû뵽顣
µһУǶүүġīû˿ư֮⣬ǹûжүүֻںǰѳΪһѿݹˡ


51 
º˵ɣҪ̫ˡʸڤī֮󣬲ſڵʮǰ䣬ֶҲʧ٣£ѳΪΨһź
īʱҲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
֪ȴ֪үǻʸڤһ֮УΪصˡ
ʸڤڵĳɾͣ˵ȫڶү
Сʸڤ츳ǺǿүȴԶ⣬ΪʸڤϴĵرӲʸڤ츳һ൱ĵز
ǵĶүǾһ绪޾׵
˵ǻʸǧΪ޵š
ǣӢţǶүΪʱȴͻȻ䣬ʹûʸϵһҹ֮䣬ͷ츲صĴҡ
ʸ嶯ҲãǶүһϵӼʢ۷壬׵ʹһϵѪϾ
ǶүΨһĶӣҲڵһ±֮ʧ٣ټ
飬һֱǻʸڤź
ʸڤȻڼ֮У˼ΪԺյȨƣʸļһ࿹⣬ÿԼʱܻסΨһѪͲѡ
ЩҲû˸ǰ飬ʸڤں޵Ļ䡣
йضүү֮ӣΪ˻ʸ֮еļɻ䣬Ҷܻ顣
˭֪ʸڤûзѰǸӡ
Ϊǵ֮ϣһǳĹһֱû˾ס
Ȼʸĵϵӵܣһǳȣȴû˸Ҫ
˶֪һĹǻʸڤרΪǸһ涼δֶ׼ġ
䣬ʸڤɱ죬еţԸطҪ࡭
˭֪ǰŲŶžͱڱˡ
һңʹߵֵܣһһʸڤҲˡ
ȵƣűؼʱӭģȴǼµĶӣҲʧ١
һУڵʱĻʸڤ˵֮Уһʧߡ
ֶţҲѾһ绪˰ɣ
Ҫû䣬Զӵϲ̶ȣǸֶѾ˳ļ̳ˡ
Ȼǲ䣬ʸһ֧ϵƻʸ塣
үҲĴֻʧٶѣһս֮Уûҵʬ壬˵šĻʸ֮УҲΨīŸʸڤ˵
û޾֮·ҶѪһ˵ɱɱġʸڤͻȻ뵽ʲô¶һĨ쳣Цݵī֪һ죬Ѿ˶𣿽Ҿ͸㣬ѾʮˣΪ˽죬Ѿʮ꣬ǼȻдܣôҲˡ
ī𶯣ӻʸڤĻУ˵ʲôȴֲҿ϶
ܹûʸڤʮ飬ֻ¾Բһͨ飬ѵǶүйأ
㻹ǵʷŬһ𣿡ʸڤīͻȻݳһĨֵЦ
ʷŬȣȻǵãһһֵ֮УΪǿǻߵļһöүΣֻǳ֮УҲŶүһͬˡ˵īᣬ˫֮УҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ɴ˿ɼһֵܣȷʵͬ㡣
ʸڤͻȻһЦī˵ʷŬǸһûŶһ䣬ǲţ
ʲôīһʷŬһû⡭ôܣ
꣬ҶȥǸط֮ǰ֪һߣһʲô⣬ڲͻᷢң԰ʷŬҲΪñֲĻᡭ
ү˵īôҲû뵽үĺ֣ҲһͨˣҪȻƿػʸ֮Уλʵλƽʥİʥ
ڵ֪Ҷ֮ЩһͷѪϴƻҶסĹ⵽˳׵ѪϴȺȻ棬ҪɱĶӣֻһ㣬ͿԿǵݡʷŬǸһϵ飬ڶԷҹϮʱѾֶҹӳ˻ʸ塣뵱Щ˵ĺʸڤϣԽֳһ˿ɫ
ѡѵ滹˼䣿īĮȻϢ̲֮סˮ¶ļ֮ʸڤ
֮˼ʧ̬
ȫΪˣŻʸڤȥ׷ıү֣ʹú󷽿飬Щˣ˿ɳ֮
һֱī飬Ϊ֮ޣһֱ֮С
ÿÿ˼ԼĴ⣬ǵ⵽ɱ֮Σ޷Ա
ͻȻϢīеľϲͼȻҲͿ֪ˡ


52 ǿзֲ
ϢѾȷˣҲǰȥ̽Ǹֶֻ˲֪ѡʸڤʱ飬Ҳǰδе泩
ôһֱ׷Ǹֶ䣬첻ˣʮ׷飬ҵӡ
̫ˣ̫ˣү֪ҲǿĿˡīҲ˲еļǼеŻʸڤү²˳٣ӭӻ
²ʸڤЦŴī
ү²ܲīǵĵҪٷʲô⣬ǿûȥүˣ
˵ʵʷŬȻֶɹЩ˵׷ɱڶԷ׷ɱ֮УҲˣӵɽأǵú֮˲ˡЩ飬ǼǰһɽصСȥ֮ǰǰҵģ뽫ֶӻģǵʮǰǳʣȴı뷨ûʮգֶ֤ȫʱɽأõİţһֱڵһᣬֻʱ죬ͻ֮ƣֶϻʸļ֮λһû˵ͨˡ
īԣȻʲôһû˵ͨˣôܣҪ֪үǻʸǧĵһˣôһû˵ͨˣ
飬ѾȷˣͲҪˣȻҲ֪ΪʲôǸֶһû˵ͨˣΣֻҪǱӻһԳΪ֮ˡ
ʸڤ˵ǲطһ˿ȻĻȣʱ˭ҵǰֹʵʩļƻֻͻᱻ
ʵڷĶǸû˵֮ͨ󣬻ʸڤǰͼΪ֮ϴ壬ĵر޼¡
ҲΪ˻ʸڤһ£
Ҳпʵûʸڤշ˰ǸֶĴ㡣
ˣȻӣΪҲԥ
ԣ֮꣬ǾĶӣǸû˵ķҲĶӣĶ壬Ϊʸļ
Ϊƻǰıˡ
ǻʸڤԼĳŵҲǶĳŵ
ֲöүʱȥɽĥ£ĥֻһӣЩ˻򰵵ȥİȫɣЩЩ˵Ľƣǲá֮ǰһֱ⣬ƾүȨƣΪλҪЩãȷʵడһЩǰ׵飬īŪˡ
ǰƿ˰ʥƽʥҲһıڱУԪϣҶԪϣֻҪһɳ¡˵ʸڤԴźصΨһϧǣǸֶֻһû˵ͨˣҪȻȫͨǿӲѪֶλֻҪͨᣬ˳µĵϼ֮λ
ȻǷ֮壬ôЩ飬עҪȥɵģֻ֮Ҫү˭Ҳܶҡĵλ
ī˵Ǳһǿ˵ıɫǵһû˵ķȻЩźֹЧ֮ġ
Ȼ˵˵ʸڤȴ쳤̾Ƕֶһû˵ķУǾЩ
ȻʸڤҵԼʧɢֶǸ뼤ֶһ֮壬ȴǳź
üͷ嵽һ޴ƣűķֻ֣ȵһľı÷顣
ֻһ㣬ͿԿȻʸڤԼǸֶǷ֮壬ô⣬ʵУ൱ϣԼֶҲһΪʸһ
ī΢΢һЦүܻˣЩ飬Ҳ̫ˡ
ʸڤԣҲ֪Щ飬ȻѾעأͲı䣬΢΢һЦλԼϵĻ飬¶һ˿ЦյѪޣȻҲȰοˣѶ
īԣȴһ󲻺˼ĺЦҪǸǰڳѪޡ̬Ű
㰡ҪЩʥͳ˿̵飬ֻ¶ὫӸ͹ʸڤ˵˵ͷ˵Ķԣֶܻǲ֮еĴˣЩ飬ȴǱ̫ǿˡ
ʵʸڤм£ûī˵ǾͨЩĹ۲죬֪ԼǸֶǷ֮壬ӳԣΡ
ΪԼһһŵǸֶϼ֮λ治֪Լˣˡ
ԼǸֶ츳ƷΣʸļλ֮һҪΪ֮ġ
ʸڤҲˣԼֶĲãˣߣ
֪ʱͻȻһĺˣڻʸڤߣһֽ֮ڿв


53 Ĺ
һĻīϣȴûκ˾ռһ㡣
ʸڤֽչ֮ȴͻȻɫһ䣬һɲǼ䣬ϵƣһ˵ı仯īīֹƻ
ֹƻī΢΢һ̧ͷҵĹ⣬ڻʸڤϣλƿŻʸһȨǿϣһ˿ǳơ
һ˲䣬ڻʸڤһֽһ˲䣬īûʸڤ·ǲࡣ
估ǰҲֹһε̧ͷŻʸڤӣʱУһϡ
Ȼ˿ּ̣˵ϣһ̣Զʧˡ
ɻŻʸڤү׷ʲô飬Ȼ
Լɡ˵ʸڤеֽݵīУЩȻƻֹɣѾˡ
īеֽĿ֮УٿȻһ˿ԵĹâôܣôܣȻηɱˣ⡭
ûʲôܵģĳܲõĿ̣İɣһ˫µĥøǿƣīļϣ˰ҡ
ֻǣ˭Ҳûڻʸڤ̧ͷһֽʱһѪɫķ䣬ȴŹâ֡
ڻʸڤ۵ҲһĨ飬һţûκ˵Ĳ
ߵīûܲ
ʸڤīеѪɫպ֮ʣСһҪΪһѪԸӦæӶ˹ȥ
˵ʸڤϣ¶һĨЦթСһĪǴҶۡһû˵ͨˣթ֮֮ƣСһǧҪʧ
֮䶼һƬ谵ǰ˻谵Ĺ⣬ʲôҲͷѿһʹ
ʹ뺿Уȴ޷г֫Լһ޷ƶһ㣬һִδйƣۣҶ˯
ѵĽСûҶһģʲôͷƺðʲôͷҲץסҧҧȴֻ΢ؿ
ҿѵݵҶӣûãҶǰļ䣬ԼΪ˱ݵʱӣҪթ
ÿʡ뵽Ҷÿͣ͵ͺмαҺԴڣֳ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãٴνظܵĴڣ˶ָֻһȫƿĸоٴλˣҶǲһ˿ٺЦ⡣
۾ӦģȴǱɵһ
ǣҶɫ䣬ѵԼļƻʶˣ͵ɲǼ䣬ΧһУ֮С
Լһɳˮ档
͸ˮףԿԼԱͬ͵ˮףǧ֮ࡣ
ôĹײģѵǻʸĹأҶֽͷĹ׸ƿ׺󣬵óôһۺʱ˿Լƻɹˡ
ҶʼĴΧƣԼĹңǧƽ˴ССĸʽˮס
Ĺҵľ٣һͨ
ԶְƳͨľͷʲô
ɵҶ߹ͨһͨľͷ֮ʱǰһĻȴһ͡
һȥɵһƬһڰ硣
Ҷվͨĳڣ۾ԭվ˽ʮӣ̾˿һƬҰ֮У
ôԼҲҵȥ·˵
󲽱һƬҰĵܴĴ̹磬鲻ԽЩͷƤ顣
һͷһڵص׵ˮףԼĹģһʽ
ƬҰ磬Ҳǻʸˮ׵ĵطֻطеֲ
Ҷ֮ǰΪԷһҲǲĹĻʸĹصϡ
Ҳû뵽ʸˣȻûн׵ڣǷ˻ʸĹ֮С
һϵӵܶ㲻ϵˣ˵һĪˡ
ָȴҶĳ嶯
֪ʸĹһǳΣյĵطﲻ֪ǿߡ
棬ֻҪһȥǿ߱аף͵ꡣ
ʸĹأһļӵܣҲͲ͹ײģҪҲһŶһ
ҶڲĻʸĹϵʱ򣬵֪Ĺ֮Уֻһڡ
ڣȴұ֤ԼһҵڣΪһڵλã˵ǳ仯ġ
ܳһطֿܳĵط
ĶϣĹ֮Уǻʸǿ߽ǲҵ뿪ĳڣҲ
˵ʸΪ˹̶Ĺصĳڣɲǿ߽һ⣬Щǿߣ
˵滹һʸĴ
ʵһĹأںܾ֮ǰֻǻʸ巢һż֮ء
ʸ￪żʱдʲôƣʹһн޳ľء
ʸ屧Դ뷨ľһĹء


54 Ӱ
Ҷ֮ǰΪƾݣΣҲûʸĹصġ
ݣһ£ֻ׵¡
ȴǲ֪Щˣȴʫʫġ
Ů˿ҲǱȽͬҶУԾһ飬͵˻ʸĹ֮С
ʸĹأˡ
Ҹн޳ľأҶڼĹ֮УºҲʲô鷳
һƬ¼ŵ֮ҶûäĿн֪ĵطһʧ·ߣܾܿԶ߲ȥˡ
ÿһξ룬Ժ֮мĵͼϸȷһн·
ɾĸСʱҶǳʧ˷
Ȼ֪һĹ棬ʧ򣬵ȴû뵽Լһַǳѵ״̬£ͻȻʧԼķλ
ɴ˿ɼһƬ¼ŵ磬ԶԶûǰ򵥡
Ҷ̧ͣͷһ棬һ޼ʵĺɫأżһ߲֪ȥõĿݹǡ
ﰵ̾һһûˮûҪǲܾ߳㲻κΣգҲö
ۿѾ˲·ҶΧˮһɫĴֻǿڵ˸ӣϢһ£ղ̫ܵûûˮ£Ҫ
ҶԼٺõ棬Լ֮飬蹻ٵġ
춼жɹûһİӡ
һ̣Щϵ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶȻеһûļ£û˿ԥٶȣӡ
ǵӵʱΧȴû˿ƺղŵĸоֻһþ
ҶɫʱĵУĸӦʲôҪϮѰܣû˿
ѵԼƣԲŲ˻þ
Ҷվԭأϸ鿴˰Сʱɽ֮С
ǲǻþҪϢһ£þ֮ȥҿûʳˮԴȻ취뿪
Ÿղŵ飬ҶٴϢʱȴСࡣ
һƬĹ֮УȻԵüžЩء
ּžûгãԶʹһ޵Ĺ졣
Ҷ֪һƬĹ֮УЩʯѾ绯
ÿӿҲû⡣
Ҫ飬Ǿþ
ҶϢŲСʱһļµĸоٴӿͷ
һΣҶ׼ﰵóһĥķǳĹС
ĹУȡ죬ΪһƬĹ֮УĲ࣬ͼӲĹͷࡣ
ֳֹеҶȻ۾۽ǵ⣬ɨӰ׵ķΧ
ǸӦҶڰеĶٳٶûвȡж
ʱҶ׿϶ĵУȷʵûԼıʲô
ⶫ̣ɴ˿ɿⶫǻ۲͡
ֻⶫ֪ʲôطȻԷμ
Է֮ǰ̲ûоԵʵԲɱԼ
뵽ԷûоԵʵɱԼҶʱ˿
µľǱЩʬа׶ϣĴڣһѪײޱȡ
Լ汻Ĵڶϣľ档
һ̣Ҷķǳ֪жסԼĶʲô
뵽ҶͻȻһʱһ˿衣
ȻɾʱǶڰĶƺоĻˡ
һƬŵĹ֮У˭Էμ
ͷͻȻӺڰ֮УԾֱҶ
һٶȣֱõӵٶȡ
ƾҶڵķӦȫʻµĻ𳵣ֻ¶׷ϡ
ⶫ˻£ȻӦĸоҲҺ׼
ǶԾһ˲䣬ҶǱܵķӣͬʱеĹУѱɷڣ˳ȥ
һĲҺͬһҰèĽһ㡣
֪ԼĹǴ̣ѾĿ꣬Ҷǻɣһ֮ʣӵ֮ϣֱһţһźӰȥ
һƿյڹ¼ŵĹ֮𣬿ɵͷҶȴԼȫһţȻ߿ˡ
һͬһӰ̧߳һ˲䣬һΣǳʮ֮⡣
μǳԶȥ
òײⶫҶ֮ߡ
ûԥ׷ȥ
Ҷ׷ϵĹУȻͬһļһٶȣԽԽ졣
ۿʧ֮УҶ룬漴УҲ˹ȥ
ȴֻá顱졣
У˵һʯ֮ϡ
мʯ֮䣬һͬĺӰȻʧӰ١


55 
һĻҶͻȻеͷƤЩ顣
ǾԲǰʲô顣
Ϊǵȼ͵飬ҲܶԸģĵǳ̣֮
ɲţ磬Լа֮
ǰһĻȴԼƲ⣬ЩŰɡ
ĿԼĹУ׼ȷһӰ
ɾУͬʱһӰʱ򣬶Էƾʧˡ
ҶɲƾԼУͿöԷҷ
Էʧ˹죬ԭ
ٴλָ˼žƺղһ׷սûзһ
һȥΧ˺ɫأеɭɭ׹ǣ֮⣬ȴûʲô
ղһҶеĺӰƺûгֹ
Ҷ侲֪ⶫȻԼǱԼˣֻҲ׷֡
ȻҶֻԭصżӣͿһǳģĺӰڰ֮Ҷư˻С
ɾҶ׷ȥʱһӰȴתܡ
ȻһӰٶȺܿ죬ҶʱٶȣҲǲ
ߵĽӽҶҲϡһ̬
Щ飬еʱҶⶫǲľ֮е顣
ȻųƲ½ȴǺټˡ
Ǻܿ죬ҶΪ뷨еЩЦ
Է֮е飬ᱻ׷ɱǱ
Ҷƴȫ׷ǰĺӰһ̣Ҳ˲
ΪǷǳϣԼ׷һͷѪޡ
һֻҪɱ˶ԷٿԽĿǰʳȱ
׷˰ʱ֮ҶѾĿǰһӰΡ
һӰɵҰľⶫ֮еġ
ҶȴǸӦǰ汼ܵĺӰѪɢ
飬ǾԵ棬ǾԲܴѪġ
һ͸ӼᶨҶҪɱһӰľġ
ɾҶƴȫٶȷӵ£ҪӽһӰ֮ʱĿ꣬ȴٴʧˡ
ҶܸӦԷɢһ˿Ѫֵֻðæһ
ʱҶˡ
ѹһӰԺͻأʧԭء
ԭƬ򣬾Ȼݺύĵ֮ͨǱص֮С
źӰʧĵطһӣһɳŪߣʱ¶һԼ׵Ķڡ
ȴҶһɵۡ
СĶڣֻһͷȮȥʳ
ҶΣȻҲرĸ׳Ҫһ׼ĶڣſŽȥ
ǸĵĶڣҶЩ
ǲǾĶĿռ䣬᲻㡣
Ʋ⣬ǴģôðȻȥɾΣˡ
ҶԼһչֽŵĵطǰվһϷЦĺӰоһ󷢼¡
Ҷòײ׷ʵЩġ
ڵһСĶ֮УҶʲô취
ҪԼǸ߾ͺˣ飬׽򣬾ͲһӰ֮жȥ
ϧȻżͽʵһֻ塣
˵һˣһ磬ҲŪ
ӰҲǿһѪ
ҶⶫǶһѪȤ
ΪĹ֮УˣһЩͷӡ
Ҳ֪һӰʲôȻĹ֮
ⶫǻۣȷʵͦߵġ
Ȼ뵽øֵԸҶ
ʱҶҲǷ˺ݣͻȻʳ⣬ƾڵʣҲԳһڡ
Ǹʱҵʳǵöﲻɡ
ģǶ̫С
¸򰡣
ԼˣŪ֮ٽȥ
Ҷһ£ҲԥԶһЩȽϴ׳ĹͷȻ֮ĥһǲģͶǸ״СĶڣʼھ
ʯ֮䣬ҶԽԽ
ʱ֮ʮ׵ĵط
ﻷѾǶˡ
ʪȣʱʱʯ

Ҷ˵Ҳûʲô
ߣ忹ѹ֮ߣҪǿ̫ࡣ
ֻҪǧľʯѹ£̶ֳȵǿԳܵġ
ҶٶȺܿ죬һСʱѾڽʮס
ʱɽûб󣬷ԽԽС
ҶͣӦǸӰŪġ
ҪԼʱһеֻͱסˡ
˴ʮףͻȻҶеĹǲһ˸ա
Ҷһϲڽͨˡ
ʯŪ֮ǰʱһͨ


56 ʧɽ
һüӲʯ̾͵ͨԵ˹ۼ
ҶûмŽһͨúϢһᣬȵָ񾫳߽֮֮ͨС
һͨǿտԼףԼҡ
֮ͨУƺǳûпͨԵʣɢһŵĸζ
ףҶͨľͷ
ǰһĻȴͷƤЩ顣
ͨľͷһ޴ɽ
ɽʮ򳡴С
Ȼɽм䣬ȴһƬʯ֡
һƬʯ֣Ǹּʯγɵġ
ҶоͷƤǣЩʯ֮Уһ߾ߵʬ
ЩʬҲ֪ʲôʱģĿЩʬǰһܵ˷˵ĥ
ҶЩʬҲǻʸˡ
ǰӦ÷һЩҾصս
ΪʲôԭҶ֪ˡ
֮ܶսܵһǱŰɱġ
ȻҶûзһӰټҷɾ衣
һڣǵӰȴӰܶʲôط
ҶûȥʯһߣЩʯ֮еʬֻ룬Щ
ɲΪЩʬֻΪһͷѪޡ
ͻȻҶǰһʯ֮ϣһڷë
һëҶ϶Լ뷨
ǾνĺӰһһͷѪޣʲô顣
뵽ҶУʱЩ
ܲ׽һͷޣôڶʱڣΪʳﵣˡ
Ҷһëķ׷˹ȥ
Ȼ֪һӰʲôа飬һֿԳ䵱ʳޣҶȻ׷Ź
Ҷʧǣ׷ʮӣҲûһйһӰˡ
ͨ˲ٵʱ䡣
ҪָֻͨһӰԶˡ
ҶҲ
Ƶֻ÷Ϊʳ뷨һЩʱ䣬һƬʬʯ֡
ʯֵľͷȻһ£ڶµ棬һʯš
ʯŲֻʮ׵ӡ
ҶʯţʯֵĶ棬ȴһ޴ɽȡ
Ĺصĵص棬Ȼһɽȡ
ҶɽĶ֮˫۶ЩѪˡ
۵ģȻһƬҩ԰
ⲢҪģҪǣɽһҩ԰棬˸ҩġ
Ҷֻɨһۣϳзǳʮҩġ
ҩģ÷ǳïʢɫǳޡ
ҩĵݣԴﵽ꣬ǧꡣ
ݵҩģ½͵ȵҩģֵҲǳġ
ݵҩģÿһ궼һ
Ȼ֮ࡣ
Ҷ࣬һֹ̣ͣ
Ǳǰľϲֱɵˡ
ܿ죬ͷ˲֮
ﲻԣһʱҲû׹
ֱʶһ±ӣ֪ʲôطˡ
վ˹ģҩ԰ԱߣȻûŵҩ
˵˾Զҩģֻһ꣬ҲʹһɽȣŨҩ㡣
Ҷֱڣûŵһ˿ҩζ
Ҷ߽һҩģֻеһɸϢƮԶӶһ䣬ǰֵƵҩģһ֮УһѸķĩ
һĻҶɫʱѿޱȡ
ҩĵǰûüЩҩģһ΢֮УȫһѸķĩ
ƺܵҶɽ۵ҩģգ֮䣬һѸķĩ
Ҷվԭأѳ׸ҩģг˿ɬ
ôãòҵһûпż֮أż֮أ˶ջĸҩġ
Щҩģµʧ£ȻѾˣȫûҩԡ
ҶģڵѪ
һżӦôû
û֪ص£һҩ԰
ϧʱ̫ãʹһҩ԰ҩģ׸ˡ
ҶץһЩҩĵķĩЩ˵ź
ֵǰûзֵĶȴǷֵ̫˵㡣
ɾʱҶͻȻеҩĩһףǾȴӵץһ
Щ֮Уܵһ˿޵
һ˿ʵ̫СģҪӦֲˡ
Ӧ֮ɢҶһʱһƬҩ԰֮в̽
һҩ԰һ䣬Ȼҵһݽ
ѹ棬̺һ˿һݽߵ
Ҷޱȡ
ǿ԰Ѿҩģַһݽߵ
ִʧɽĸоײǽĳ嶯


57 è
̫ϧˣһûпݽߵҶǷˡ
½ӵһ͵ȵҲԿ֮һһǳС
һһǳеĹģٿǧ˿ڡ
ƾһӵһĳǳأҳΪеľӵߣôһ˼Ϊ㽵鰡
㽣ȴĿݽߣˡ
Ҷһݽߵ̾˿вʵô˵ҲһݽˣôҲеֵɡ
뵽ǲڵأȥ
һᣬҶϲ飬ͻȻˡ
ݽߵײȻɢһɵƺڲҶһ
Ҷһɵʱھȥ
ķ֣ݽߵײȻżνɫҺ塣
ҺνɫҺ壬ҶʱһĿɿڴ
νҺֻеȼǳ֮ߵǧ֮󣬲ſγһΡ
Һκε
һҺǵٶȣ֮ǰ˿ڵӾ
Һ֮УȻ̺Ӵκ˶ֱӷá
Һ֮ڣ̺᳹ױǻʵںϵߵѪ֮УӶıʣϴ湦Ч
뵽ҶԥæǰνɫҺ壬С
ƣ̬Ҳ˲˷ѣֱӽһҺ˸С
һҺ壬ҶϽ֮
֮ԲںһҺΪ壬ѾﵽūεĶ壬ֻҪԽһҺͿͻƵʥūĲΡ
һҺûЧҲںΪȡҺ˷һ壬ûʲô
ȻͷҲʹ˿̵ҶС
½ЩϹ֪ҶҺֻ˶Ѫ
֮Ҷ˵˵Ǽݳ·
ҶҲ֪˶ãǹкüʱ
ҶܵӶѹʱǷԼﵽʥūĲΡ
µһҺ˵ϸûʲô
СĵﴦһνɫҺ壬Ȼһ˿˿ǳˬɢ֮֫Уʹˣޱȡ
Ҷ֮׵ĴﵽʥūĲΣȫ壬Ǵū۷壬ֻôһߣͿԴﵽʥūĲΡ
һҺ壬Ȼ䱾ûĶ٣ɸҶһͻƵʥūε
ҶܴﵽʥūĲΣʮһǱʣɾһЦˡ
ӦһʥūεҶͻȻĿһߵʯ֮ϡ
ɣ֪ҶͻʥūĲΣǸӦʶǿ˲٣ϵʱҲǵһʱ֮ǰһӰټ
Ȼ⻰һ䣬һɫӰʯ֮У˳
˵ĺӰһƬ֮Уò̫
ҶȴţһأΣҲһӰٴߡ
㵽ʲôһ֮еӰҶͷһǳ뺷Ϣһг֮
ں֮еӰûлشĻֻһˣͻΪһӰҶ˹ȥ
ʱҶٶǱ֮ǰһӰ˵
һֱһȭ˳ȥ
ȴ֮УȴͻȻһֻצӣӭ˹
һȭһצݺײһ¡
ֻһƺ֮УҶȻ˼һں֮еĺӰҲһȭ˳
⾹Ȼһֻè
һֻè̬һļèûʲô
ΨһͬǣһֻèЩףֱһͷϻûʲô
ȫëڷβצֻèۣ̱ʯһ㣬쳣صĹ
һֻèþˣٶȸޱȡ
ȻҶһȭҳ˺ֻһԾڰ֮⡣
Ҷǣֻèһȭ֮󣬾ȻûѡߣǶڰ֮ĵطҶɺͷ
ֻè飬ҪǳŵĽҶˣ̽Ķ档
һĻҶе⵽˭˭
ֺЦֱеĹǲźè˹ȥ
ȴֻಣһ
û뵽ֻèڶ˹ǲ֮󣬾ȻһַǳѸٶȣſè֮µצֱӳҶ˷
ֻ顱һ졣
ҶһҲû⣬Ծһɨȥ
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ҶЬӣ䳶ȥһֻ
һ£Ҷ汻ݺһѡ
⵽ֻҰèֻè
ɾһèҲܵסһ֮
Ҫ֪ڿʥūεߣǶһЩͽޣҲǿһ߱
ֻôҲ޵ҰèȻһ֮󣬾ûа


58 è
һͭƤǣҶʱҲҴ⣬èٴҧƳɵèצٴζһơ
ҰСӣҺè㲻ٴζײ֮վԶĺèȻԡ
èͻȻ˵û׼Ҷ֮žɲֻèղ˵
ģӱèѽ˵⻰èֺ͵צźâèɭɭҲ֪ҶղŵĻˣ֮Ҷ֡
ģ᲻˵СүĶöˡҶع֮󣬶ЩŹֵĺèҲͷһ㣬һè⣡
èҲܾûгԹѪˣèߵġһٴ˻
ҶȻҲʾڶֵĹ֮Уȭֺݺš
ĸоǴ˼ӲʯϡʯҲܲĴ
ֻè˲ʹϼûܵˡ
ȻȻèҶ˻ϣҶǿȣҲͬһ㣬˱ֻèһЩ·ҶҲûаˡ
ҿǸţֵֻҰè˭Ҳκβ˭ֹסɲҶЩΣֻèûʲô취
СӣЭˣǰɣèݣűʯһ۾ҶȻЭˣԺҪΪèٽҰèè˺㡣
Ҳ˵ԼèҶһļ
ѾģСʲôèὫ֮ԱèıӣèȻĶҶһԶ˶Էӡ
̫ƨˣôƨèǵһοҶɨ˺èһۣҡҡͷһ
èʱŭСӣĿèѽһ˵⻰ĥצǿӲҪٴη
Ҷȴû⣬ֻǶһֻè˺ðΣȴ濴ʲô쳣
ֻèϣû޵Ϣ֮ȴܿ˵Ǹࡣ
Сӣ֮ǰһֱ׷űèǲ˱èèȻҪҶЩ˼ɣһʱ䣬Ҳֻ
ҶԣȴĺֻҰè
˭˭
ûãϮʱҪӦĿ죬ֻѱֻè̵ͷʣˡ
ڣֻè˵Ĳǡ
ǲĹ֮ܶˣҶӺèҵ뿪İ취סûè⡣
ǵȻèѾˡ˵£èȴһİȻ
ꣿĲҶһźèҲ˶ã棬㵽βĵģ
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ҲֻǿҰèҶа⣬ֻèǻ۲ͣҪ׳һЩõĶֻ»öһ˼С
èȴֱӴĳ˼ǼСӣתͣδèɣѾģè治мΪ衣
ҶЦ㲻СүΪ裬ȥСүֲǿ㣬֮ǶСүϵҺ
è뷴˺Ҷ
뵽֮û뿪ȷʵΪҶӵڳҺһ֮վûж֡
ҶȡһҺźèϻҲ˵ˣֻҪңģһҺ͹㣬Σ
һֻèе
ЩҶô⣬ǣֻèһŲĵķӡ
ҪȻĹ֮УһûʳûˮֻèͻҲ
ҪȡèķӡèԴҶеһҺһҺûļֵ
ȻèģͲҪô̰òãһҺûļֵҸҶҺһգȻȻԸˣҾͲԼҲĻ֮
èЦַӼè࣬㻹˵㡣
Ҷʱֻèˡ
ǣֱ֮࣬Ҳѷɫ㰡
èҶ¶мɫè֪뿪ķɱèǲ˵
Ҷʱŭ֣˵
֪һֻèʲôޣ棬ȴһַǳѪͳ
ʲôѪͳҶǾѪͳ׽塣
ңèʱ˵ҲὫèɡèڿɼֻè壬еϵ
ӣҶҲֻرĺèŪúǱ
ʱצӲ˵ǳĺèʱʱЩ壬ʲôطҶССġ
ҿһֻèҪǴȥöôҶֻЩҰèЩû˵èֱһå
ǿ󣬻ǳܲסèⷬϮ
ҶҲǸļǿסᣬͻèϣ¼èë
ëʱʹúèֱС
Ҷ۲һЩӣÿèëֻ֮ҪȥһȦϵëͳˡ
һĺڵķ


59 ˮ
ҰèĴ巽аôãȴһֻͨ޶硣Ҷһ죬ͻȻźèҪһп֮ܽ䣬
èбɨһ۵èĴܶģʲôƨ䣬èϡҲٴè֮⡣
ƴ֮һ⣿Ҳ̫˰ɣҶֻè̫ѸˣֻèĴ֮ҶǴȤҪ׳ֻ±ȵ컹ѡ
Ҷӣ֪ԼһҪ뷨ӣ㶨һֻèҪȻӣûȥ
Сӣʲô⣿ʱèóһҪè֮ҲǲܣͱèҺˡ
Ҷһ̰ļһʱûô˵ϵҺȫ㣿ҪҺһζûУ
Ǿûʲô˵ˡèŴҶǾĺ˼Ȼèҡ뿪ˡ
ҶȴźèıӰĵʵһλҩʦҵһЩĵرٿƳĵҩ
ʹèΰԼèţ˦èβͷҲûء
Ҷץһҩ԰֮еҩķĩ򼸸־ȻҧʳָһξѪһЩҩķĩһ
ûãγһöѪɫҩӡ
ȻʲôҲû˵ֱӳè˹ȥ
è±ӣŵʲôͻȻһʹ˻һڽһöѪɫҩӣȥ
öѪɫҩӵĺèʱ¶һַǳı飬ܡ
ʶҶҩֶ֮󣬺èͻȻɭɭݣҶǰ
ҶȴζźèСүҩַΣ
ǲǼ̳йϹҩʦĴУè飬һ̣ԵúǼ
Ҷȴ΢΢һ㶵ʲôϹҩʦĴУôû
װɵèԿ϶õϹҩʦĴУѪϵַѾʧˣСҪûõϹҩʦĴУйˣèʱҲø⽡̸ǺҶҩʦݡ
ЩҲ˵Ӧһҩʦ˰ɣҸ㣬ҪʲôĵرóҶûԼõϹҩʦĴУҲûϡ
Լһ㹻պèˡ
ֲñèһ¶ĳ嶯ԭǸҩʦ֮һҩԾɡèɭףʺͷֱҪܰˣèΪȻ
èıСүɲٺ㶷ˡèèһ˹Ҷе׼ֻèͼ
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Ҷֻèģʱȭͷӭȥ
һط˰ʱ
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ģӺĸ̸ѾȴƫƫҪŰҶѾƲ·һƣҲûиֻè̸˼תߡ
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ȴȻĲϵҺҶֻҪסˡ
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ΣǸҶ׺ˡ
ǺèԼҶͲԼĲһֻҰè
ʱ򣬺èûģٳ˵Сӣèĸ㽲ͣһҺҾ͸㱾èֵǸء
һҲûСҶ˫ۣУû£Сү塣
Сӣݣèɡèһҧгݣˡ
Сүۣ㻹˵㡣Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬źè뿪
һèһˣһǰһ
뿪һżԼŶǧףǰ·ĺèֹͣǰ
Ҷ΢΢һ̧ͷǰȥ
ȴǰ澹ȻһƬȻɫԭ
һƬԭ֮Уֲָ꣬ļΪïʢ
һĻҶʱһݡ
һƬŵĵطͻȻһƬԭݣΣҲеЩа
źè˲ԭռǰһʯ̨ƺһˮס
Ҷһ˭ĪǱһˮ׵ĴڣԵⰻȻ
ﱾҲһĵط춼Ǳǣ֮һƬɿݼţżֲֵֻ꣬ǲа֪ʲôʱʼƬػĪı仯ɢҲⰻȻֲ꣬èżһͷһǳˮס·ˮĴڣͨˮĹâɢɫٽʹΪĹ֮УΨһӵĵطʱèͻȻҶĶ


60 Ůʬ
Ҷһվʯ̨֮£ʯ̨ϵˮףǹǻʸϵӵܣڴ˰ݼ桭
ˮĴڣͨΪ棬ܲд
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ˮ׵Ĺ׸棬Ҳ֪һˮףʲôϴġ
Ҷͷˮףһˮ׺أ治֪װʲôˣ
ҪҪ򿪹׸ǣȴԱߵĺèڵûõģèֹһҪ򿪹׸ǣˮףһػʹ򲻿͡
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Ҷȴ΢΢һֵ˵òκ˼Ů֮ģΪڵң˼УѵΪѳļޣ
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ҶҲµŮˣܲڲ֪ʧ֮УַţҲ̫аˡ
è˵ͷǸŮ˵èеѳֲסοһëͷСӣèӦôûʲô飬ǻǾ뿪ɡ
ҶŲԭʯ̨ıף̾Ϣģᳬʮ꣬ϲûκ˿ڣ֢Ҳᣬȥɣ
èȴȻȥķӣǣЩƣۿԿģЩ֢ģֻñèɵǣȥôˣΪܱʬҵ죬òᡭ
˵Ҷèһۣͬʱһ뵽һܡ
ҶûԴͨֻܹʸĿһо˵ͨˡ
èŮǶʲôʹԼּ״̬ԺܴΪֻпʸ壬ǱĹ֮
ҶҲǵͷǻǲҪˣûѣϽ뿪ɣ
Ҷ֮ܽһΪʫʫԵʣΪһݡ
ݣɴﵽļ״̬֮УװַΪݵĹЧԾʸĹˣҲ
ҲΪҶթʸĹء
ǸŮˣȻˣܳҶ񣬵ִ˵еĶʱ򣬾ٴҲǲҵġ
һʸĹأصĴֻۣ¸ûпܡ
ҲǸŮˣȻɹǱ˻ʸĹ֮Уȴ˯Ҫԭˡ
СӣèʹȥһñèȥĵطʱĺèҲ֪ǲͻȻʲôûǰ
ӦôȥˡҶʱſ˲ԭ׵飬ںèȴǷǳġ
߰ɣĶҲźܴġèֱתһ򣬳ŲԭĶ汼ȥ
ҶҲǳڴûгɣβèķȥ


61 Ӵʬ
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Ҷ׺èڿԼҩʦ֮Ϊλǰ㼤ˡ
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Ȼȵһ̯ϹĶ֮Ҷȴһľȣɵҩܾ֪ʶ
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һ̯ϹҺ壬ɢһҶϳһ̯Һ
Ѫ˵ϵѪѪΪϡ
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Ȼǰ壬ܹסһͻȻ
ҪȻѪȻڶʱڣǿսҲ²Сĺ֢Ӱߵ
Ȼֻԡ
൱ԣߵһ㶼ȽϴѳͻȻ
˵ȴûһĹǡ
κһߣȫͻȻ
½ֺ˭Ὣĵҩһλ΢߷á
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ѪǴ˵е֮Ѫ
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ȻһͷѪҺ
֪˶꣬һͷѪҺȻԣʲôһͷʲô
ҶͻȻоЩ䣬޴ɽһëȻĸо


62 
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һ·Ŀֲĳ˺ü֮
ҶҲǽϰˡ
һռѪһ߸źèɽȥ
Ȼһ޴צͽӡǰ
һצͽӡСԲ״С
ӡצϼӲʯצ֮£񶹸һȵķ顣
צӡ֮ɴĵ̮˼𾪡
Ҷ߹ȥץһЩʯһ¡
ȻЩʯȴӲʯȫ֮£ûа㶯
оҶ֪ʯͬһ㣬ӲȾˣԣҲԶһʯ
צӡֻȹʹʯһһ˿
צӡˣǺεȿֲĴڡ
צӡˣɽ˵èҲЩǶצӡˣǳη־塭
ɽҶԣɫͻȻһ䣬عźè˵ӡˣҲɽ֮У
è˵ͷû˵
ҶèͷʱĬˣâ˸һᣬ̽ĿڵצӡˣӦɽļһɣûתаļ󣿡
ûСèǲмÿһʬǣ½ĲǿߣǾԲԼʬתаġ
ǾͺáҶһ¶㣬ɵߣҹȥצ͵ˣʲôĴһ
Ȼʬǣǲǿߣͨ󣬲תа飬Ҷеһ˼ɣҲûˡ
ʬǣǰжôǿ󣬷ѳһѿݹǵǣǲΪ塣
צӡķ򣬴ɽ
һ·֮ϣҶռѪ
Ҷͺèһ֮ǰǸɽдʮϰٱĶѨ֮С
һѨߴɣڴСһͷ
ֻѨ棬ǲƲźԵսۼ
ѨĶ֪Ĺ̮˴롣
Ѩ棬һǳǿѹʼڰ֮С
һǿѹ֮УͷųǿҵϢ
һϢˣڶѨһӴĽɫʬǡ
һ߽ɫʬǣʹڵ֮ϣҲаߣڳȣǴﵽ˾ٶ׳
ȫĹͷӲӡ
ÿһͷ÷ǳֻͷһȭͷСĿ׶
׶ŸĴ
һ޴ͷ­棬һĴָСϽӡ
һöϽɫ棬һѺۣһǳ泩ɢ
һȥһӴɫʬǣͬԡڽ֮Уȫ£¶뻪Ϣ
Ҷվڶڵڴ̧ͷһӴɫʬǣȴһĴ͡
壡
һĻ壬צ
Դ磬֪һڻϵ壬ģӵźεȵ
ֻƵһʬǣȫƶϵóϵ壬ӵеֻ¸ġ
Ϊ½Ϊǿ壬ӵеѽﵽĳ̶ȡ
츳壬ҲɽϪ
壬½֮УԱϡ٣սȴǿ塣
һצĺǣſ֪˶ꡣ
һʬǣȻ̲Ӵ
һǰʵжôĿֲҶֱȥƲ⡣


63 ֮
ĪɣһѨ
ɽЩǿߣģ
ҶԽ룬ԽԼƲ⣬Ѿӽʵࡣ
һһ֮ս
ֻǣЩǿߣ͹һʵɣһһնɱˡ
Ȼ󣬿ҲܵеǿҷˣԲɱЩ֮ԼҲԼѨ֮С
һͷҶԺʱзǿҵľ֮⡣
û뵽﷢һ֮սѨЩǿߣȻǱնɱġ
ʸǰǿߣΪֻҲﵽ֮
½κһǿߣĳпܵһ½һ
ִڣǿ½þԵ۹
һ£½ͨˣһۡ
ɽ棬ȥǿߣûһ٣ֻҲаʮŸ
һӲӵԼͷ­һöϽӣҶ֪ˡ
һöϽɫӣ˵һ꾫۵֮顣
֮飬κ˵һϵ
ϴ뾻꣬׳꣬ڶʱǱʵ㡭
֮飬½Ϊ
ʱһʬǣһйʬǵϣҩܾ֮У˳
ҩܾ֮Уʬǵϸʹ֮
֮л壬צܹ֮Ϊ֮еĻߡ
ΪצĹǽɫֽɫĹǺӵĪ
κһĹǺ棬̲һַǳصĹ
ܽǺĹϴͿһʱڣӵצµ壬֮
˵צĹ裬ϹʱڣҲκߣ䣬
Ҳѵɽһצ˶ˡ
йצĹ֮飬ֻ¶ЩߵĿꡣ
й֪֮ʶԺһ飬Ҷʹһʬǣ˾ļƻ
ʬǣѾһ·ʵǵʬǵͷ۷Ź⣬ȵĶͷһö֮飬ɼˡ
ԥһᣬȻͷ֮ϣ˫ۣʼ̬
֮飬Ҳ֮ݲһۡ
ðȻ֮飬ֻԶɢ֮䡣
Ҫ֮꣬һֶصַ
ֻͨһطǣ֮ܽ飬Ժ֮Уϴ꣬µ
̬ҶԳһ£е㲻̫ģУȡ֮طһ飬ʬǵͷ֮УһöĴָСϽɫӣһ־
־һһöϽɫӣҶƺû̫ĵֿһƯ
ܿ죬һöϽɫӣ뿪צͷ­˲ͱҶֱ˿С
֮壬ʱΪһַǳӿ
һ̣ҶԸоԼ꣬ƺٴˡ
֮ǰ꣬ƺʣֻת֮䣬ʣͱ֮תϴӸɾˡ
һ̣ҶͻȻеԼԺ֮Уǰδе顣
ʶۣƺҲ
ѵõǣİ壬һӣʹﵽһȫµľ硣
һ̣һӣκζ˵
ֻ֪֮֮еʱ򣬲пܳ֡
ܳãҲ˵һʱơ
һ̣ʱԺ֮еһϹҩʦĴС
õĴУԴһ׼ҩ񼶱Ϲҩʦ
Ĵ֮Уµְַ̲塣
õôãҲֻһЩҩַ
֮⣬ЩɬѶַû⡣
õ֮İûκԥֱһҩʦĴС
֮飬Ȼ죬ǰϣޱµַһ̣ͻȻúǼס
һָӵַֻҪһ飬ͿܽʵĶĿӡԺ֮С
Ҳһ̣Ҷˮƽͬ˻һ㣬ʼͻͽ
ֱǾ˵ķ֣ҩ֮أҪҩԡ
νҩʵʹøҩģܽȫںһ壬ﵽһҩϵĳ̶ȣζĵɡ


64 ˻
½ҩʦĵȼΪƷ
һƷҩʦ½ǿԾġ
ƷҩʦȽټˣһ㶼һЩ
Ʒҩʦҩĳƺš
ĴڣһǶ֮κԼ
ں֮ĹУҶҩˮ׼ڲ֪֮УĴﵽҩĳ̶ȡ
Ȼֻһߣ֮
Ҳ˵ȻѾӵпҩҩı£ǷȱһǾǻ档
ȱݣûа취ֲ
ֻҪҵһ𣬾ͿԳ׵Ľ⡣
ȼһΪ˻𣬶ΪػΪ
˻Яģ֮ݻһֻ档
һ£һӵ֮ߣΪﵽߵĵزȴΪԪʱڵһ֮ͿܻݻΪһ˻
˻״죬ͣҲҶͣĳ̬һ⣬ֻҪӵ֮ʱ֮γɵĻ棬ͳΪ˻
ػɻɽ֮ף澫ݻĻ档
ڵĻĲͬÿһֵػ𣬶һ޶ص㣬ޱȣһЩ
˻𣬻ǵػȴûƵҩƱУȴǴ´ˡ
ȴس֮ʱѾһ档
𲻵󣬸ӵ½һַǳ
֮˻𡢻ǵػ𣬶ҪĶ࣬ӵżֲ
֮Уȼ͵Ҳ˻𣬻ǵػ𣬿Կġ
ǧҲѵóһ䣬ѱ
٣½Ҷû˵˭ӵ
ʱţʱ֮һա
õ֮龻Ҷ֮£֮еʣڶʱڣͳΪһҩҩʦǱʵ㣬ԭĶʮһ㣬ﵽ˾˵ʮ㡣
ʮǱʣ֮еצҲӵаɣ
ӵʮǱʵҶԼδ޵Ŀܡ
һ̣۹⣬һ֮Ҳ׿
ͷŽһצʬǣҶҲɸֲ̾˶ϣȫǱ
Ҷ۷⣬ӦЦݡ
ܽóϴҺȻУԼĹЩ裬һĽǣֻҲצǰǿ
ǿͬʱȫĽǣپצϴ񣬾ܱΪǿ
Ҫ裬лС
è֮ԴҶȻҲ׼
֮ǰèҶֻһû˵ͨˣԲŲҶҩʦ
ڿҶַ֮󣬺èſ϶Ҷû˵ͨˣҲ֪ʲôʺˣȻõһϹҩʦĴС
֪Ҷûлĺèȴ׼
Ҳֻ֪èʲôطһڹӡ
ڹһʱһɳȵʹ˳
Ҷͷȥȴһڹ棬Ȼһ͵˻
˻Ļ֮òƻ͡
Ҷ¶ĳ֮ɫèæһգǾҶСӣ˵ֻҪ߱èˣ˻𣬿ɲ֡
ҿСүֳûٵ𣿡ҶջԼĿ⣬ڳһмèΪӣȴţҪβܽһ˻Ū֡
ΪһҩҩʦûлҲ̫ˡ
ܿͶ·룬ȻᣬͻǿɹƭҲҪèеһ˻𣬸Ū֡
˻Ȼ֮Уȼ͵Ļ棬Ҳǰҵġ
ãֻ¾ϰ꣬Ҳѵҵһ˻
һ˻ԶҶȻ֡
èԼǳ䱸һʱҲ֡
ָźèһ·ʬǵԱߡ
Ҷ۾ϸһʬǵĴСһ޴ʯͷȻһĹУһʯͷ֮ϣڳһԲף׵ʯء
ܿ죬ͽںõʯأᵽʬǵ·
Ѿʬ֮ϺèҶ·ԸͷĹķգ裬š
û⣬ɵýӺãҪ˰㣬ͷ֮ԡʱ͵һʱ䡣è֮ǰҶһö֮飬ѾЩˡ
κ֪֮ȡ֮Ҷռ˴ˡ
飬ȴǷǳԺèѴ⣬ԡʱԼһҪռ


65 ԡ
Ҷȴû˵ۿźèСе˻𣬸˳Ϊһغ״ȵĺɫ棬ʱͽͷĹ˷յķΧ
һͼɫǣֺɫķ£ͬʱҲһενɫҺ壬һ㣬
һĻҶæʯأЩɫҺ壬ͳͳװʯ֮С
ÿһνɫҺ֮У̺һ˿ǳ
ֻŵһ˿ϢһĿ
Ҷһ̣ЦݸӲˡ
ͬʱҲʯأϴ֮УûһνɫҺ彦ڵء
״˻ںèĲ£ϵķǡ
ɫҺ壬ͬһܼ
ҶȻһʯأĶȻһεε裬Ǳӵʯ档
ûãʯ裬ûСʯء
ͬʱһצĹҲں˻ķ֮£ıһѷɻҡ
һצĹֵܱ֮ڣȫΪĴڡ
裬˳ⱾѾǣȻס˻ķա
һ裬ʯصʱʯأд벿֣賯ûˡ
ص裬ҶҲ۷Ź⣬˼㡣
һǣճɻҽ֮󣬺èҲʯصԱߡ
ҪҶȰ裬è˿ֻ̣Ѿˡ
Ҷúè˻ԿŻ£ʯȡ
ȻһϴҺ֮ȵʯ֮Ҷúèҧ⣬һξѪ֮ʯ֮С
ҶԼҲҧ⣬һξѪ֮ʯ档
һ֡ҩַַֻͨʯ׽ʩߣӶʯ裬֮С
һжŪ֮ҶźèһЦԾʯ֮С
սʯصʱ򣬾ͬһ̵ҽ֮С
ȵ裬һеĳĹͷȥ
Ҷû⣬ȳ̶ȵʹ࣬ūǵʱ򣬾Ѿϰˡ
˫ۣκЩ裬͸Լ֮С
壬룬ҲһּΪʹĸо
ʹ࣬ȴǿҶǷǳܵġ
ûһᣬҶȫ£һֵĽɫ
ֽɫҫ£Ҷ壬ڽ̥ǵı仯
èһĻԱװ˻Ĺպ֮Ҳæʯ֮С
ʯĿռ䣬״С
һһèҲԵӵ
èȻ֮һϻҲضá
֮ٶȣȴΣҲȲҶ
ʱĺèҲһ㣬ʱĽСӣ㲻ǲһ֣ڼȡٶȣǱèϣҲ̫ˡ
ֻϴҺȡ裬ӦûҪɡڽɫ֮еҶǵȻĿڵȻͬһ¾ͺ˵ˡ
ޣѾèһ˻⣬㣬ûţΪַһ˻ᡣèҲ֪߶ʲôطһＳٶȣȻҲͻȻܿʹﵽҶƽĳ̶ȡ
èһ̣¶˺ܵı顣
ҿֻèˣҶźèһ⣬Ҳô࣬ȡٶȣٴ˲١
һèһ˷ļȡ֮Уʯ裬ԽԽ١
ͬʱèҶϣҲ¶һַǳ
ңһ˿ǼȡٶȣԽԽǿҡ
ֻ꣡һ
ףʯ顣
ɢŽҶèʯ֮У˳
˿̵ǣ޺һ㣬ȫ£˸źѤĽ⡣
۾ԸӦһ£Ҷǣʱһ˿Ц⡣
һ̣ǷȫĹһ顣
ˣ軹ӿѪ֮УΪѪ⡣
ڵҲڲ֪֮УͻʥūĲΣﵽ˻ĵز
½ߣһ㹲ĸȼֱūūūʥū
ﵽʥūĲΣҲֻһͽ࿹⡣
ԣߣһԣֻ䵱ߵū͡
ҶﵽĵزʹѾ߱ū۵һȦӡ
ƾžԵǰ˾ǼͽҲǿһ
Ѵﵽ̶ȵҶٶϣϣžԵʵʿ⡣
ҶŶһǵʿҲǿ׵սʤ֮
ΪõϴҺܸʣѾǺܲˡ
Ӧòж
ڣԼ͹צĹ
壬ĴȻڲ֪֮Уߵȫء
룬ζƼ
Ҳū۵ĵһ
۾ҶԸӦı仯һʱϵļҲķɫ
ӵŲ˼Ҷϵ̥ǣκˣܱ
Ҷǧ֮һûĵҶԺĳɳ֮еͻ᲻Ѫ֮С
ʹҶѪǲϱﵽëϴ̥ǵĳ̶ȣ
ʱ򣬴ʱһǧ
뵽Ҷʱһ󳩿ĴЦ
ʱĺèҲϵĽ⣬
˿̵ĺèȴԵЩơ
軮ʮݣֻȡݡ
߷ݣȴȫҶռˡ
˿һ˿ϢĺèȴҶúèԺĳɾͣһͬСɡ
ֻè֪ʳ˶ǿߵĹ裬ּȡô裬ֻǰ;ĴҰè
δֻҰèܳΪèèҲһ


66 ʬ
ߣȥһƬԭȥŪǸŮ˵ôҲ̤ʵԼĺô֮ҶӰһѾ˺èǰ
˿̵ҶһѾﵽ˻ĵز
ٶ뷴Ӧ֪֮ǰ˶١
èȻ˴Ҳõ޴ĺôȴûʵϣʵԵͻơ
ԣڵҶèû˰㷴֮
ҶֱźèһƬԭȥ
СӣǲǷˣ֪ǸŮ˲ǣҪȥɣèҶһţҪҶħ֣ȴֻܴеһƬԭĹΣյĵطǸŮ˵϶ͬһ㣬СӣԼҲϱèһȥ
һϵƣȻҪиͬ룬ͬҶĻһ䣬ʱúèϣðһĺߵ
èĬһᣬһһַǳɵСӣӦűèӦþҷӳȥȥǸŮˡֻҪܹȥèܹҪ֪èڻʸ壬ҲǺеλģè˵Ҫ㣬һܱס㡣
ʸʲôϵҶԣ΢΢һЩɻ
ʸСħŮӦ˵ɣǳèĻֻҪܳȥô࣬ҿСħŮѻʸ׷ɱèתѭѭա
ʸ壬ǹϵǳҶԣźèͻȻЦбˡ
㡭㲻Ҫèһèβһ̣æ֤èһй¶й飬ɲҪûбèָ·Ҳ뿪
Ҷֻèܲһ㣬ղʲôСħŮĻܿܣֻڲƭԼ
Ҷˣʵ
һڻźèһ˻
ɨ˺èһۣЦѧĿǵʵҪҲȥԭҲǲУһ˻𣬱õҲǱ硭
㡭㾹Ȼ챾èһ˻𣿡èмⲻܣһ˻Ǳè˾ţ֮ŵõģܸ㡭
ҶٺһЦͻȻ˵㽫һ˻𣬲صʲôطҪȻ
èŴۣҶ㡭㾹Ȼٱè
û˲ΪСүٵľ㣬˻ҽҶݺݵвҪȻСүһèë
ɾʱҶȴǰһĻˡ
֮ǰĲԭˡ
֮ǰԭڵأȴǳϱڲԫ
һȥкܶ๬ż
ҶҲ˲èҪ˻𣬽Сĵĳǰȥ
ʱèȻУҲǿǰ龰찡ѵðһż
ҶԣһͻȻԶȥ
ȴǰһ޴ı
һĹģΰޱȡ
ҶûȹģĹ
Ȼǲ֪죬ư磬󣬶ִ
һּĸо
Ҷ⵽һĹ
ҵ׵ôֳˡʱҶеĺèͻȻһУǱҶУͶ·ˡ
Ҷ֮ǰһģΰı𺳵ˣûܵ
ֱèһŷڱΧվһƬĺӰ
Ľӽ֪ЩӰʲô
Ȼʬ塣
Щʬ壬һסͨǽһᾧ壬ǹ졣
ʲôʬ壬ôסˣҶűеĺèɻ
⡭Ϲ֮ǰıʬèһ仰˵ýͰͣ͸Ŀ־ʬȫӲޱȣӵſʵ˵;½ʷĳ֮УôͻȻôʬүȥ׷ʲô飿
ҶܸоèеĿ־֮⣬ҪǴ򲻹ֻºèҲġ
ЩʬӵſսҶһСĵĳЩʬһۣȴòԣҪЩʬ˿ֲսΪʲôҲǷ
ҴʱҶҲĸӦЩʬƺѾûΪ
뵽СĶֽ䱸ǰȥ
һǰèűһңʱɫҰף亹桭׵⡭ôܣ׵ô
ΪʲôҶèһųӣӺˡ
ˣߣ׵ԽԶԽãҪȻڷèʱѾ˲ҶͣƴȰҶ뿪
ҶʱҲèֱ飬ŪЩˣʱüͷʲô


67 
è龪֣ô꣬ǿĵǱ͵͵һ֮УûãͻὫǵʬ׳ȥһ߱ʬΪʬ֮еһԱ
Ȼ֪ûл·ΪʲôôľǿߣҪǱ֮УҶԴˣȴ൱Ĳ⡣
һЩǿ̸߽ΰı½һλ֮޹ǧ½ѾûټЩʥ۷һ׷󣬾ͻ֮ȻŹκοͻ֮Ļᣬ֮УҵһЩй֮һ޹ôģЩվʥȻգµͽͽӵܣ˵֮Щǰһ̽ˣЩ߸ϵĴҲʲôӰ졣
ҿǵǵЩͽͽȫʿڻʹáҶԣ˿Щ߸ϵĴΪĿֶ꣬ε˼㡣
һƺͷܴ󰡡
ģҲ˵ϸ˵һ顣Ҷʱ˼һı֮ϡ
èʱҶУҲˡ
һżȲԸ˵һǧǰͳֹÿһγ֣һȷѪꡭ
ǧǰͳֹҶдݣͷҲ̫ˡ
˵һһλ֮޹ȴûκ֤ݣ֤һһλ޹Ϊսһǿߣġ
ݺè˵һȷʵǳء
ÿһγֵĵص㣬˲ȷԡ
ǧһȴûͬһطֹΡ
պè˵һǰһƬĹ֮УֹһΡ
ǸݱٴγֵʱǾԲٴγһƬĹ֮еġ
ҲǺè￴֮֮ʧصҪԭ
һĳһЩطѰʲôҵĶпܾĹ֮УԲһֱͣûȥ
Ҷüͷ˵ԼƲ⣬Ȼźèϸ룬ûʲô⡢ֵĵط
ЩϢҲǴӱ˵Ŀģһҿɲô˽⡭˵èͻȻͣסʲôҪ飬صͻȻ뵽һ£飬йء
ʲô飬˵Ҷ鼱е
˵ǧ֮ǰһԪߵͷʥһУһ֮УһǾ˱ʲôڡʱһڷǳصıףͻȻӱ֮г˳һʥ֣һսνǴûڵأ£һԹսˣܵ׵һս֮С
ɳһڱףһʥҶһ˵ıףò֮ǰʯ̨ϼһڱװɣ
èҡҡͷҲҿ϶Ʋ⣬ʮа˾ţӦþһڱףҪȻΪϣôɵ飿
һս˭ʤ˭ҶèĻ֪֮ǰһڱף㲻һʥսıףֻ䣬ҲżĹϵ
ơƺáһƽ֡˵èҲЩȷ
˸ƽƺЩףһڱŮΪλ˯ˡҶٺһЦˣèĶΣҪһʺˡ
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룬ЩʬҲӦĳΪ
뵽ͻȻߵһ߱ʬǰ˿Ȼһȭһ߱ʬϡ
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68 
Ҳ²ûǧǰһսУĴڣȻֹǸʥ䱾Ҳܵ˷ǳƣԲųʱĻ˯ѡЩػıʬǳһսǿ£ǧûõò䣬ֻںǰѾΪҶ¶һ˿Ц⣬Щʬ֮Աһ״̬ȫΪһصסˣһȥЩʬȻٳȥ
Ҷ˵ҿ˼߱ʬ
ÿα䣬ıʬת֮䣬ͻҷ
èһĻҲ˵ʲôæèҲˣҪȥơ
ȻҲˣǾͽȥɣèͳűĹȥ
ƿûüӦͼһɾ޴Ϯ
ҿǲᱻ˰ɣèʧ֮УҶҲоðȻЩ
Ҷ뵽һȴͽ޹
ʹƴֿȻ޷
һĳԵԽߣС
ֻ顱졣
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谵紵
Σʹɭޱȡ
տĹ㳡ûг·
·һյĿռ䣬һΡ
ҿɲﰡè츳ʸĵزûгΪèأôطèһӢŵĸо
ǵ츳ǿ˹ǣгģͱóɹˣҶֻèЩ
ǳžɭĹ㳡ϣƣУܼȷǳ֮͡
Ҫ뿪ȴֲòȥѰҳ·
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Сֵģֻһ˹ͷҶӣӵʰһѩ׵Ĺͷ
ʱĹͷѱèѣһ󣬶ʱΪһɻҡ
ͷˣǰҲһǸ֣ҪȻᱣҶһ·֮ϣܿһЩɢĹͷЩͷһʬ֫һ㡣
һĻҶǳԾ
ʱͻȻǰһͷ֮ϣż֡
⼸֣Ҳ֪ʲôȥģһۿȥһ˵⾳̺˵ĳ˵ĸоǳ졣
գԸ
߸֣ȴ͸¶һǿҵĲź
ܹ⼸ֵˣһǿߡ
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ʱèַһ߷ǳİ׹ǡ
⾹Ȼһİ׹ǣϥͷգ֮ǰƺ㽡
һõߣһѪ֡
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һˣ¶һǰδеļᶨǶ׷ʸ־壡
ףһԼ䣡èһߵĻҳԱߣǳƵĴ֡
ǳƵĴ֣Ϊ棬ʸ졣
ҵȻèʸ졯֣è֮ϣһƬ𾪣۾ɵļ󣺡ʸ죬ǿǱ½ǱϵĴﰡô
Ҷʸ족֣Ҳһ͡
ʸʥأһĵ֮ӵĤݡ
ȴ뵽侹ȻѲڣֻʣһ߿ݹǡ
Ȼףʸ֮ӣ
꣬жǿߣĬĬŵ˴˵ء
ʱһ߰׹ǣúèһС
èǳ֣֮Ϊһ߰׹ǵˣǰȻҲǱϵĲ˽ܡ
½Ǳ֮ϣʮλǱˣһ֮еľ벻ڣﾹȻ֮࡭һ̣èԼЩе
Ҷè̽ǰУֽ˼߱Ƚʬǡ
ȻЩʬǵˣǱϵľҲһ½֮ϣ˵еĳš
ʱҶèѲѰ㳡ȴȻûҵȥĵ·
طͺһյһ㣬Ѱ·


69 һ
ʲôԭ򣬲Щ˵еͬɶ˻һĳҶУЩ˵е֮ԽΪ˳
ϾЩ˵еȻ츳ѣ񣬻һңɼľ롣
Щ½ֻΪ˼һ˵ա
ֱȥƺҲû˿ԵóԸ
ЩˣȻǳᣬҶ֮ţΪ˼˭è⣬Ҳɻû뵽ô֮ӣĬĬŵ
˵ЩˣΪһڱ֮еŮӶףҰèڸʲôҶ˵ͻèſڵ棬öŵ棬ھʲô
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ʱֻèͻȻеϽߣһֺܲĸо
֪èĻû˵ꡣ
ͻȻڱĹ㳡֮ϣ
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ЩɢڵϵĹǺһôȻŸյļ
ݼŵĹǺһ̣ȻɢӴѹ
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㳡֮еĺɣһ󷭹澹һֻ޴İ׹צ֮צһ㣬ֱӳҶèץ˹
׹צ֮һ·ݿ࣬ɵ
һ鸴յĽ㳡ϵЩ˽ܣתа顣
׹צɢѪڰһһèֻҪԱֻ׹צץһצضòҲ̶á
ʬ䣬ҵѽʬˣһèõδôè󺰴Уʧء
ֲֻĹצǺèҶûа㷴֮
ҶҲɵˣû뵽㳡֮ϣȻɱ
ΪֻҪŮӲѣǾͿ֮Уչѹεж
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⼸֣ĳһ㣬Ƴ£Ȼû棬°ۼ
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⼸֣Ҳһ˵ľʣԸ㾡һУֻΪһ
һִͬʱҲһִʧܣһִź
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⼸֣޾ĳ뺶
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еͨǿһ֡
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70 
ͨһͨ
ʮͨԵø
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Ψһġ֣ȴдˣһŨ֮С
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־һѡҶèԼĲ
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ҶҲЩȷͷȫǱܵĴĵðģûʲôݡ
èҶڴСӣ㵽ܲҳ·
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ˣɣߡҶҲԥһΣһǽײ֮ʣһ֮ͨС
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Ҳֻ֪ɻǣѾ췢ΪʲôûǰȡҶУȴǳɻ󣬶飬ǲ⡣
˭˵ûȡֻ˵㣬ͬʱˣҲ̫˵㣬ЩĹʬǣõ֤è˵ǲʵΪʲôèһֻèһ࣡
ԭҾ˵Ϊλ˶ǿߣð֮ΣĹأԭ˴ѡЩǰˣ󶼱֮еһڱףɨƽˡ
ȻĴڣҲǸ˴ۡ
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ͬʱҲʹϢһЩ䣬ûʷĳ֮С
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èɽϵߣ˸èͻȻô˵һɿһҲЧ
˵èǼèֱӳɽϳ˹ȥ


71 
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ǡҶ̧ͷɽȥ֮ʱ鲻Ϊ֮һ
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һŮӣվɽ֮ϣһ£Ʈ˸Գס
ŮǱˣ֮ǰһˮײ棬ûһ覴õĹŮӡ
һĸ񻰵ŮˣͻȻҶͷƤһ顣
ôӹײܳˣҶľͬʱæɽ±ȥ
Ů˶Ըĸоʵ̫Σˡ
ȻǧҲѵһôҲȲԼС
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Ĺ֮У֪˶˽ܣ˿Щ˽ܵʬһˣΨǰŮû˿仯ǸµӰ죬Ů˵ʲôͷ
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ʲôèҶɽµ龰󣬶ǵ˿ֻɽ£Ƶˮס
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Ӧþè˵ЩʱҲһĺߣôҲû뵽ڹĹ֮УһֲŮˡ
գ˵Ůƾһ֮͸һ塪ҡ
ңҲͬʸһʮ֮Уǰ壬̣ν
İҲŮһָˡ
ֻһ㣬ͿԿŮĿֲֶΡ


72 èĵ
뱱ҵǳս֮УŮҲһͬˣ겻֪жٴΪȻˣȴû뵽ŮȻһһֱһĹ֮С
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˳Ծ飬ˡ
һ֮УһӰһƲӰͻȻ˳
ҿ౾èмıҪȻοˡҳʧ֮󣬳ҶԶĺèĹУȻûаˡ
һĻǸӣȴüͷһ壬ٴèʱȴһâ
ֻһ¡
ֽٴۺϣһ䷢
һΣèֱӱһɣײһʯ֮ϡ
׹ڵصĺèɫҰףҡҡ׹һ˿Ѫ
ɻһΣèˡ
ȻһۼԼγ֣ûҪ˺èҲЩˡ
ٴγֵֽȣһֱӻΪһ磬˺è
һεĹվڲԶ֮ҶҲܵ˲ನеɫ԰ףŵŵ˳ʮ
Ҳ٣Ǳ߻иҰСӣôֻè浱èӲɡӱŰèҲǴŭҲΪԼĵơ
ֻèצ֮УѪһȴһѳƴСͨ䣬ܲ
ֳֽĺèֱӽ˳ȥ
ڽèҳһ˲䣬ʱ޾ĿĽϼĽ⣬һӽӣûĽ֮С
è˽һ˿ֲֿ̣ޱȣأڲ
Ľ⣬˰ӣɢ
ԶҶһĻ
ֻĺèֻ౦èϰһѽҳȻ
Ȼ󣬾ɽֳĶվɽ֮ϵİŮӣȻûƶһֻǾվԱߣûпһۡ
ģʱܣʱǱèһʬҵģֻǼһٶɾûˡ
èǸҷ֮ɫҰ׵Ҷһۣû˵ͳɽ±ȥ
Ȼʩ⻪ȥһӣȴٴĵǵǰ档
ꡱ֮С
è֮ǰҳĽѱӿУñˡ
һĻèҲֻèצ֮УٴγһУУһ̣ϣѵ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫҧֻˡ
ѣڵгһŷǳ¾ɵķ䣬ƴС޹⣬ƽƽ档
ǽһ˲䣬һɿµͻȻһŷڲ˳
һӵǿҵƿԡ
·ֱ飬͵һ֮С


73 ƽ
ǡӵĮȻ˫֮УͻȻ˸⣬״οڵ˵֮еƽ֮ɳ½棬һֱѵ͵˳
ôܳɹƽһ޶ػǲʧԵģƳļдƷ֮һ
èһŷ֮ûκζǸٵһӵĹˡ
Ƶƽһڹ⣬𣬿ٷŴڹͨһ硣
⡭Ҷ˫۳ޱȣֻǷƵĲдƷ
èźĲдƷֻʱͨһռͨϣһĹĿռƣǴͳȥ
Ƶƽתۼ䣬γΪһڶɢҶ񣬶Ϊ֮
ڶֵһ˲䣬èͿٳźڶԾȥ
Ȼ󣬾ʱӰΣֱһƺèҶ
¡һ죬ɽҡƵƽͻȻɢһ㵭ĹĻӵһ
һĻèֱ˷ܵĴƽȻ鴫ȻƳĲдƷ˿ֲѹƿ֮ʱȻУоˡ
Ҷаֻèǻ˵Ŀԡ
һ֮ǰҲ֪ƽֹЧ
èˣҲʵ̫ˣƵƽһĹҵ
Ҫһƽǽıɡ
ȻǸŮӶǼĮӣЩˮĿֲа飬ȴޱȡ
ɾʱһҶôҲ벻飬ˣ
èҪͨڶܵһ˲䣬ֻһվɽ֮ϵİŮӣͻȻ˶
ֻһӣһ䱻غµֱƿĻҶǰ
סǷһ飬ԺҪҡҶԻ֮䣬ŮӵȴͻȻ
ŮӵĻҶɵɵסˡ
ʵڲ֪Ů仰˼֪ΪλὫغµ͸Լ
ԭֻŮӲɱѾˡ
ôҲû뵽ͷŮӾὫ͸Լ
Լһ飿
ʲôЦ
ƾŮӵݣῴҶһ顣
ҶȴĲ֪ԷΪҪ͸Լ
ѵֻΪԼһ飿
ˣҶ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
㣬ܳΪڶݰıǮԼ˼˹ȥȻ֡
Ҷȡ֮ʣֻ䡱һ졣
֮УĹأΪ֮
֮µҶæ̧ͷȥ
ֻĹĶ֪ʱѱһǿ׶ˡ
۵⣬״յһƬߵĵ
ڹĹһ˲䣬һȺߣ漤˽
ЩߣŹĹ֮еһУͬԾѡ
ħŮ㻹ûһŭ֮ͻȻԴȺ֮
Ⱥ֮УɳʮӰ
Щ˵Ϸϣ汱ǳ磬Ǳҵˡ
Щ֮Уһһٵʵǿ
ϵģһʵѴ֮׷ԲԣϵƣȴǺޱȡ
ٵģݰ״죬һͯģӦĹȽ⡣
ﾹȻڱҵˣˣעҶеĶ໥һۺ󣬶ۼĳҶһƮ˹
ҵǸ꣬⻰һ㶣ϾͺǿϲߵߵϣСеĶǴ˵е
˵ֵʱЩˡ
Ϊʮһǰһζʲôˡ
ԣʱҲɨҶ֮أüͷ΢֮󣬸뿪ڣͻȻһ䣬æȵãСֻèҪʹÿռͨдֹͣǣ
˵⻰û˿ԥһ֣һϬĽâֱҶ
֪ƽͨһռ䣬Ҫʱġ
ʱ䣬㹻Ҷˡ
ĹŸոҶ֮أͼһŷ֮УͻȻһƬ⻪һƬĿĹĻȻĹ
һĻһ㶣ϾŭȵһĻǸħŮӳػһ붯֣ħŮֶΣͬСɣƽѾһҪĻˡ
ߵĻЩˣҲ˲ˣ׷׽Уһһ˳
ƵƽԶĹЧټǸŮӳֵһ˵ԵκʽĹˡ
Ȼ˴δĹĴڣߡ
ÿһһͬǿߣһ֮ͬȻԶһ˵
ƿշγɵĹĻ̶ֳȵĹܾͻζֳ˲֧״̬
ʱèѾ˺ڶм䡣
ֻϳŷƵƽ֮Уעè۽գдʣΧĹŲʡ


74 
ƽķƽû뵽ĳɹƳַƷ߿֮һŷ״֮󣬶ʱܻҶҪٱˣȫ֣ҪȻǸѡ
԰գг֣ȻһǣĽһĻȥ
ĹĻڷ˼ꡱ֮ڱˡ
û˹ĻػĹͣĳҶèϯȥ
ʱèյ˫ۣͻȻſҶ˵ͷ
һĻҶ֮ЩԼصˣȻͣնȻһ䣬ʱ׹ҶͺèӰһڶ֮УȻûӰ
ͬʱĹȫ֮
һĻЩոճĹˣһ󷢴
Ǹ꣬ࡣ
ǿûзƵƽУַƵƽҲ͵ģܽжλȻ޷β׷Ҷèˡ
Ƭ֮ڰ֮еķƽ磬ȻһʱΪҽ
Ļˣŭޱȣ
Ȼ֪϶Ǵͳɹˡ
ĻԹˣʱǻķŭйǸŮӵϡ
ĺģ㻹ǺֱʣһػµȻҲˣｫǱҽ췭ظǱңʹûصϢɣ
ʱһҵ꣬Ȼɽ֮ϵİŮӣȴһڵ˴Ůݡ
ɴ˿ɼŮѲǵһδ򽻵ˡ
Լıݣ˾޴Ĵ֮󣬲˵˻ʸ壬֮ΪǿһĹĽơ
ΪԷһ˲£ר·פţ°Ůӣٴѡ
úͷ֣ԼһжǶôĿЦ
λҵû뵽Ůӵߣһǿ׷ߡ
ңΪӵжһһƬԵĻ֮С
Ȼֵǣ飬ΪĻʸ壬ȴǸûִ¡
ڻʸ̬ȣˣԡ
һƬ޵Ŀռ֮С
ޱ޼ʣûκλŵֻżһЩ޴ʯѸٵߡ
һĿռУڿռ֮УĴ衣
һЩ֪ʲôϸѳһֲĿռѷ졣
һ޴֮أƯһ鼸˵Ǿ޵ʯ
ʯŵâ
ʯϵҶƺҲо˳ǵɭʶĲ˼¡
֮Ի˫ۡ
ʱͷۻ岻ʹޱȣ
һĲʣվ
˿̵Ѫɱ񣬻ƤҰ޹⣬ѡ
ƣһˣֻȥʱˡ
ҶѴﻯ֮ǱԪԶˣƣڱ˵ģ˵ȴʲô
èĴҲǷǳ⣡
үүģҪǻҲڣֻ¾ҪˣɷƽƿĿռ䣬ֻмʮϢʱ䣬Ҫٲҵռڵ㣬Ǿͽڿռ֮СèɨܣȴǸҲȥĿռڵ㡣
дƷǲסҶҲû뵽ᷢŹĻЩϬޱȵĿռоз䣬ƾǿȣƽγɵĹ֮У֧֣Ǿֻ·һ
ʱֻꡱһ졣
һʹҶèȫɫû뵽ķˡ
䡣
ʱƽγɵػͻȻˡ
ˣֻܸˣèһЦҶ٣úñأɱСط
ɲǼ䣬ͱռ⻯ˣèڵĵطֻʣһűĺɫƬΪһڹ⣬ʧ˿ռ֮С
Ҷ˺ɫƬʧķһۣûӦҲռûˡ
ڱռûһ˲䣬ͳŲסˡ
͡²˺ѵͻأ
ϵ·ѳΪƲѪۣȻޱȡ
յһԼ̬һҰɫĿռ໮ֻۡһ£һѪܵĻᶼûС
ⱾѾﵽ˻ĳ̶ȣգ֮䣬ͻᱻռĩ
˺ۣѪۺ˿ڡ
ӻܸ࣬·Ҳܵ־֮СҶоٱŷֻоҵһռ㣬пܻ
˿Ѫֹڻ㱼䣬һ׵㣬һͷ˽ȥʧȥʶ


75 
һεѣ֮УҶػѹȫ۲ѣԴʹѣȻ˫֮ʱȴȻԼɰ֮ߵգ·ֱȥ
ֻһľƬ׷֮УеײһݶһŹװϣһʱ䣬ҽ֮͹֮ͬʱ
ţһŮӵľޱȵļҶʶģ֮УǿһŰŮٻӰŲ·ȥȻ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãԺУǸŮϤķ̣ҹҹغĴߣΪϴӣιҩ
һ죬ĳϣҶ˹
Ȼ۾һУȴ΢΢Щ㵡
򵥵ķݣʰļΪɾ
һżªľ棬ڷһҩ¯ӣиҩޣҩ֭ΪҶ׼ġ
ΪڰԵʣ棬һŨĲҩζ
Ҷ鿴һ´ڣжʱ˿
񷿼棬ûˣҲûмڳţ΢΢ĿӦһڵơ
Ƭ֮Żſ˫ۣɫԵЩѿ
һڿռ֮ܵƣĻҪأƾĻָһʱᣬֻ¸òˡ
չǴӿռ֮˳סԼܹڿռ֮бסǲ֮еĴˣ
뵽˴ҶͻȻһѪɫķ䡣
һӦΪèƵģĴ΢΢ѪҶǣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѪɫȻѾѪȴûš
˵èҲռ䣬ֻǸѪ֮еӦڵĺèֻҶپǧ֮ң
еѪû£ҶҲʱèŵһˡ
һοռУҿ϶ԼѾԶ˻ʸء
һԻʸ壬Щ׷ɱߵвҲˡ
Щ飬˽˼鿴Լơ
Ѳк󸣰ҶȻϵǶӵ˼㣬ҩʯĵزһŨÿϴ塣
ڴϣ֮Уһ
û˵ȥҷĽҺѵ˫Һ˻ζ
ɺԵ𽥻Ѫڻָή
֪ڰΣա
ڴϵҲ붯һ£Ŵʣһٺĸо̫ˡ
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áҶ¶ɫڰݵ־ʱԶҲ㣬Ψɽˮᵽ޾ľŻףƽĻţһҸ
ӺҶоÿһϸ˱ըԵ»
ҶվͶ䣬磬һ˿˥֮С
ϢһҶȴǺȻһ㶣֣ԭʵ֮Уֶһݽľһ𣬾ȻѾȫԽļ
ܽôлȵҶȻƺʲôЩȲĽϣϸĸӦڵ֮״
Ƭ֮Ҷ˫˫ƽգĺЦУβסľϲ֮⣺˵ȻģȻܽڳΪһˣ
˿ҶоһУ̫λЩ
ӦֶеǷЦ⣬Ҳˡ
ĵ֮һһơ
ƣŽϵľϵ
γɵƣȻã̺ȴԱҪǿϣ
Ҫ֪ƾҶڵһʿ⡣
ǶġǵλʿҲǲ塣
ڵˣէһγɣֱӿͽﵽʿĲΡ
ò˵ʵ̫˵㡣
ͽʿ֮䣬űʵĲͬ
Ҫͽʿͽ֮ǰյ֮Ԫ
ֻҪΪʿ֮յŽ֮Ԫ
֮䣬Ȼֻһ֮ĺ壬ȴ֮
κͽҪΪʿһزٵḶ́Ǿǳ
ͽյԪ֮һʼʱ滺ͺһСϪԵִ
Ԫ֮ĲӣһСϪͻῪʼԵ궯Ƿӿ󣬸ǻջΪһڵĴӣźХľˣϳߵ塣
ʱߣͿɿʼ׼ˡ
һͽ˵Σյʱ̣ڵԪ֮γʱһʧȥƣ˲佫ͽɵ


76 Ϊʿ
µķɣɢò¿ʼ˱Ӷʧȥߵݡ
ҲΪʲô½֮ϣͽڶ࣬Ϊʿߣȴ֮ٵԭ
ŵߣͽʿʱڣҲҪ϶꣬ײð̤һ
Ҷһ죬ֱӿͽʿ֮
ֵֻҲΨ
ҶȻڴˡ
Ϊ꼫ǿĿʵ̫ˡ
ͲÿȥЩʲôǱܵĽ֮ƣ߶˼ޣƾǴ֮еľһ˻塣
Ȼǿͻ᱾ֵȻȻĿһУӿƿ񱩺ˣҶǿ£ȴʼûгļ
ʮӣɡ
ɣǱ־ҶѾ˴ʿѫµʸˡ
ֻҪٻһʱ䣬ƳȹͿȥȡʿѫ£ʿ֮С
Ҷȴûͣ˼ͺ֪УͽӽԼޣһǿгУոγɵбޱȴֽɵĳ֮£ƶʱ顱һ£ͱɢ
ҶȴǰҲУֻٴδ߶ɢֱ̬갴ٴǿơ
κɵ۵ΣŴƣ㳹
ٴ۵ƣܴʱҶôó޷ٴαɢˡ
ԭƣҶֿ񱩵ĳȻһʮ
Ҷһ֣âӿһɾҵʱڷУܹŵشصϢ
ŵ߿һĻֻҲòϣֽʿƣ侪˵ĳֲ֮ıȫһλߡǵλʿˡ
ŵǣһʿǴﵽ˾ʿĳ̶ȣҲܽĸУҶγʱ䣬ȻͿԽʮ
½ܹһģֻҶ
Ϊ½꼫ΪǿҶʱŽ׵Ŀܡ
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ϵĲٿƵ£֮Ҷͣ
Ť²ӣȫͷഥõҶȻһЦţһξɹˡ
˵֮ǰҶƾԿλʿôڵֻܻһλʿƾŽľ˫ϵϣǶϰ˾ǵλʿֻҲǲˡ
´ȥ
ŶһССԺ䣬һŲԺ֮С
£ڷһʯֻʯʣԺһߣһ԰ʹСԺ֮У˱ǡ
ҶԺھɫʱͻȻһ
Ҷ̧ͷķȥ㿴һŮҩ¨ö֪Ժ˽ȥ
ҶŮͬʱŮҲͬԺеҶ
Ҷ´߶Ů¶ǴӵЦݵˣô
ŮĻЩɬֿڣҶǿŪҪ˼ͷѾûʲôˣлЩչˣ
ûˣŮҶĻػҲЩͷͻȻʲô飬¶ҿӰ֮еѷӶһӣȻû£磬ǲЩ˵е߰
ʲôʱҲΪһִ˵ˣҶŮһ㽣ľȻ¶ֻЦŵͷϸ˵һߡ
Ů϶ʱ¶Ľб¡˵ԶͻȻһŮʱɫһѽŸ˵С㻹ҩĹȥء
˵æҩ¨Ժš
Ȼ˼ȴͻȻͣתҶ¶˸ߴˣҵֽŵһᣬȸСҩģҾȥ
ҶŮԶȥıӰϲ¶Ц⣬㴿Ůǰû
Ҳ֪ʲôط֪ûŪľ֮ǰҶǾ䡣
תڴµʯԣԺĻ㣬Ҳƽο


77 ֮
ʱ֣·ҶڴϣӹǸŮݹС࣬һڣ֪ǷӶˣĹ֮ϵĸʡ
֮һСȥʱ㣬ҶȵýζС࣬ȷʵȵϵڵϣһҲԵʳ
Ůȴǰžµ°ͣµؿҶһڿںС࣬¶ǳɰСѡ
Ҷطˣ˵ÿô
ǵԼǴһ˼ҵݶҷһӡ˵ٺÿ͵˼ңҲƴԼΪŮԼôã
ʱŮͻȻ˵֡
Ҷʱ㵵˵ʲô
Ů˵һ飬Ҷˣԭ˵ǡлл֡
֣ҶɶĺУͷˡ
֮£ΣҲԼҪлл˼ҵľ֮ɡᣬŮȴҪллҶ
ҶᣬһԴȫŮͿˡ
Цطˣ⡣
һһȫ֪˼СʱҺҶѧϰǿҲǷǳ
ôһᣬѾסطϷǳֵȻطԣʵʲôģʲôط
طǳֿڣҶģǿҲЩߵ˵˰죬Ůҡͷʾ˵༸Ρ
ģҶǰǰʮκŮҶĻſڵׯֻׯһŮ
οһ䣬ֵҶˣŪʱ˶ĵЦ
ڽĽ̸УҶҲԼ֣ͬʱҲһǳƫԶɽ壬ˣɽ֮УӲ˽ӴԲŲԡ
̸ֳ֮нУҶԷ߳ɵʱԼҷĴ˭
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˶ٺȻҪū澵ĸ綼׳һսиɱˣūҲᱻׯΪˡ
սۣ

ҶԺжʱðһʺţԼʲôطǲ½
ǸҲ֪һֱɽ֮УԶڴĺܶ飬һ㶼֪˵˵ɡ
ҶϷƵĺܣʵǳš
½ϹҵȼĻ֣ǶȣĳЩ۹ĸڵȫ˿ڣȻҲʮڣҲ󣬵Դȴƶ񤡣ڴ֮Уƽһ֮УҲѵóһߣһǧ֮УҲѳһߣ˵֮ڵߣһʽƵߣֻˡ
Դ棬֪飬˵˳
۹ĸԴƶ񤣿ҶһֲĸоϢһܲõԤС
Ȼ½ֻǵλΪµһȣռݵأҲΪģľ۹۹ƹܵĸǧǧ֮Уձ˴˵ĹֻΪŸȼֻ͵ȼһϸ˵Ƭ򣬴й֮УʵΪµ
ҶĬȻЦɿˡ
½һأСֻҲǧƽ
Ǳ֮ٴĹңҲҪ˺ü
ûĽͨߣһӣֻҲ߳
ڵҶҪ뿪ֻҲҪһ൱ʱ䡣
Ҷһη֣ԭ̫ܵԶҲ°
ͷ룬ֲĵʵô˵ľ۹½ӦһǿƵ۹ɣ
ɫùŹ
ŮԥƬ֮󣬻ǺʵذԼ֪˵˳½嫣˵֮УҲ߱½½֮ϣĹңЩңչĴСֽȻͬĳƺţеλΪµģռƶأһǵȼ֮ϣŵ۹۹ҲΪȼһ۹ʵͣ۹ʵǿڵ۹֮ϣ쳯쳯½Ĵڡ۹Ҳֻ۹֮еһȵ۹֮еûʲôֻʵСĵ۹еһ
Ҷһʱмˡ
ʵû뵽ԼȻһط


78 ½
룬ҲܲµĿǰ򣬶½ԴΪƶڡ
ҪȻҲߣҲΪһִ˵ˡ
һǧ֮УܳһߣʵھҶĶ䡣
ǰūǵʱ򣬾õūҲֻг䵱ūʸ񣬿ūǺǲֵǮߣطֱǰĴѧҪϡ١
һ㣬ԿԴƶ񤵽һ˻ָĳ̶ȡ
Ҷĥţ˵ʼƶĵطȼȥ治һ׵顣
ĵطֻҪ΢еʵŬһ㣬ֻ¾Ϳһκ˶ռһԳΪ
ĹǰЩڰϴ󣬼û𰡡
èŪʲôƨƽŪ˰죬齫׵һĵطˡҶһ޵ĸоԭΪƾڵ츳ֻҪܿͳΪһ
˭֪ԼȻһ֮ء
ҶһҲͻˡ
½Ȼһϵ硣
ɱ¾ʱ̶ڷǿʳǴ½ɡ
ʢʢĻ£ȻҲ淨
ҶҲҵԼ֮
Ҷһǿߣʲôʵ
ۻʦǴ󲻾ȥҪѽ
Ҷȴûĸһ㣬ٴοڵ˶꣬ʲôţ
ҡͷҲ˵ʲôֻ֪ׯ£ЩĴսҲҵļս֮һܿ࣬Ҳˣ˵ׯСŰ
ҶµС˶һԹܶͷ飬ڶʮһͣǲܷġ
ڶʮһͣСˣ㲻ܳΪһŮǣҲΪһЩҹ׷ˡ
Ȼϣȴ±ⶼԽҪ˵ׯü¶ޣʱɵı磡
ͬʱͨĽ̸ҶҲ֪Լһط
ֻ۹֮У͵Ĺȡ
һʹôǿػߣ䱾ʵҲǺܸߡ
νĻʦҲһʦ֮ߡ
ҶֻҪŬһ㣬Ҫ˶ãͿͻʦ֮
ʱ򣬲˵ĵطǿԺˡ
ҹĻٵʱҶһȻɽһҶǵСϡ
ȻȻҪúϤһĻׯ棬ȴ̫಻㣬ҶŻһɽ
СҲһûǼĳǳء
ûƷûĳǳأ½֮ϣ֮
һЩƫƧĵҲڸõصһκһǳǼΪӴġ
Ҷããɽﱼϰ죬ҶǵСʱ峿ˡ
Ȼһ·˴죬Ҷһ˵ûʲôʱȻǾ
վһ嶥ϣԶԶȥֻһǳͻأĸһƬԭϣڳ֮¶һǣǧʯĳǳأ˴ΰơ
Ҷɽſڵʱ򣬲ŷֳŴѾӵǧ֮ڣ󲿷ֶһЩͨˣ˵ˣߣҲ޼
̧ͷǰһֻۣǳŴԷ񡢻ӵڳſڣ֪Ϊʲôԭ޷ǡ
üҶչǰȥſڸ֪Ȼ˵˳ſڣһЩޣ̬ưˣһһŶ˳ǡ
еףЦһֱԾȺǰ档
Ҷ޼ɵȺжʱһɧңҶͷȺһۣסˣһͻסࡣ
ʱʮȫףɫֱֳڳŴҪڵÿһϸŲ飬ͻȻȺзһ䶯ȴæе񣬷׷׽ĿͶҶ
Ǿ͵Ŷӣڸ˻ȥеһӳģǹһָҶȵ
ˣҶ˫ֱǰЦĿūεСӳҲ΢΢һû뵽һĳſڣȻ߿Ż
ȻΪܵͣﵽūĲΡ
һ֮УߵǺϡٵġ
κ֮УߵݣȻȲߣͨУҲǷǳ߹ġ
һ£Բֿسŵ顣
УӦǷʲô¡


79 
ſڰڷһŰһʲôͻȻ̧߳ͷһۣɵһҶǵЦʱжʱһͻæվ
ǣ¡λȻҲֻһūεߣʣ˱ı£ɱЩ±ӣǿúȥˡ
ܵҶֻȻ͸ƣȻ֪վԼǰλүʲôٲܵġ
ʵĸҵҶˡ
ƽʱ۳޹شţҶˣɲǵġ
ٺ٣λүҪǣֱǼ±ˣЩСһûʲôʶϣҪһƽϡЦǺǵҶǰȻɫһʹǼΧҶȥ
󺺵ɫŴʮȻлŲСţǺƤȥ
ԴˣҶҲûô⣬ĿģֻҪǣǳſڵĴǰһϣҪǼЩʲô˵ɣ
ٺ٣ûʲôֻҪʾһӡ֤Ϳˡȡһ鳤ˮģ壬Ҷ΢Ц
ӡ֤Ҷüͷһ壬ɻʲô
仰Ҳ΢΢һ㶣˰Σź뵽ʲô΢ЦĽ˵λǴطİɣǺǣطĽзͬӡ֤Ǵ֤ݵĶ
֤ݵĶҶɫ΢䣬ⲻӡôԼȻֻһΧϵӵܣҲӦһ쳯Ĺ
ݻǲõĺãҪùĹǸϲ֪ԼǾû
Ҷûóӡ֤üͷȴҲʶ࣬æڵүʵƾʵȻûӡ֤κһ߶ûʲô谭ġҪһ۹ȥ¾ͻе鷳ˣǴ˵е쳯͸˵ˣûӡ֤ǾԲǵģҿȻóӡ֤ҴĹΣ
󺺵һû뵽ûиݣȻڴ½ô鷳ֻǳһᣬҶ̵ðɣĹ
õģΪȡһ鷢ŽɫâƺĳطɨӲ̽ҶϢ
ҶһǷֻһ̽Ϣķûʲô˺ԣֵܿǿģһ𣬽ģϣһһû
󺺱£ȡһɫԲνݸҶ΢ЦϲӳΪϵȹ񡣡
ϵȹ񡯼֣ҶһƲӹݹǿʲôӡ֤һƬҶӺ󣬾ͶƤ֮УȻҿԽ˰ɣ
ԣȻԣæվ΢Ц
ţ˵ͷҶתˡ
ֻǵߵſʱͻȻһףʱһưֱӣֻۣ죬öҰ׹Ķϡ
ЩǮֵܺȵСưɡ䣬ҶӰҲʧڳſڡ
㶿ӵöҺһ󣬲͵͵Ĩ˰Ѷͷĺˮɣڰ⹫ү̺ˣģЩʵ˵һһĽǣ￴̫ƽˡ
Աߣһ˰̵ʵӳʲôˣͦŵӣȻҲҪ˹άˡ
ߣϻƣҲ̫ûǼһҲǴ󣬾ǸߣҲʲô˲õʵɣʱǰǸóǹָҶСӳҲ˹Ŀ󺺵ղҪֹҷҪСӡ
δ˵꣬ѾסͣСڣ㡭˵һ仰ҪӺò׽˺ˣ㻹Һ
ҶӰȥԶûһߣ󺺲Ų˵쵰Сӣӹ⼸öңұ˴˼ľ롢ȡԼڷλá˼ʮĳǣûռɣ˵ʵٴﵽ˵ūūĲΣղڹŹһȦλү鲻ǣѾٺ˵ūĴڣڴҲڼΪһˣĴڣҪɱˣûɵģԺס۷㣡
ʱһЩϱΧϵöңҲͬеͷ
һᣬ͸ҵҫۣиϲѣһֵ°
öңһ˱ң򣬶һĳнˡ


80 ţ
ҶŸո߹ͨһͼڳſڵһһ޴ĸʾ˼ʮµĸʾÿŸʾ϶һ
ʾΧۼ˲ˣָЩʾ۷׷ףɫ֮Ϊ壬ҶɻһҲ˹ȥԶԶĿһ£˴⡣
ԭһЩ棬в֪ʲô£ƽѵһ߷׷׽ǣʾЩߣ࣬ɱˣԽЩ˵Ļʾû±ȥǡ
Ҷ̾䣬ͻȻһԴЩڵ۹쳯֮Уֻܳ䵱ūɵҡһ䣬ΪһЩߣѰ˵£ڳභʮͨ˱ɱҶǿǲ̫ƽˡ
Ҷɱ¼ᷢ𣿻Уôֹ
ҡͷ̾ϢڷҶסһӣû£ҾߣӡҲǼʮζѣǼʱǺͺģǻһԲ;ͻᶯ֡
һԵһҲսǵߣű˵ǵı󣬶߳ɱ˵ģЩеôȥ֮Ĵ򶷡
ҶžٿЩʾϵһۣȻӦûסԼҲõԼİȫܲ£ǲµĺá
汻ͨߵͷ񰵰£ԼײϲҪ鷳
Ҷ뷨Ÿ꣬Ⱥбһ䶯˷׷׶Žֱ߼ȥҶȻҲվڽֵߡ
ľÿ죬㡫
Ҷüͷովǳ˵ĴϣͻȻһ޳Ȼͨ࣬ǷȴǺĺܣֵ֮ϣֱܳײ޼ɡ
Դ£ҶҲùܣԼҲûȥܣһ·֪ʱ޳ݴӽֵϼšϡϡȸɫ졣
ֵϵͨһЩͽߣӵļ׷Զܿҵ
Щ޳ϵˣҲһͷŽֵʱͲм
Ҷվ·ԣüͷĴһЩʻ޳һɻȻôô
ǰ쳯֮أЩߣûʲôϾ쳯֮أĵطۼĵطʱʱҲô֡
ôһССĳȴǶȻôߣܲζôߣȴҲе㲻ˡ
ԼþŪ﷢ʲô²С
ڽֵǻһ£ҵһҾƵ̧꣬˽ȥҪ˽һ﷢ʲô£ʵ벻ַʽȽƵֱӡ
ߵƵſڣȴһͷԣƲǣżóͷõſڣʱʱ棬ʱʱڣ˳ϣȴһĻģ
϶飬ʱҶǰūǳ䵱ӣǶ϶Ҷ̲סܰһЦ
ʵ϶ͿҶˣǼҶڳſͣһСƺڿǸǸߣĿоһⶢס
ʱҶĪĳЦһ£΢΢һ㶣ۼţܻῪУæЦҶСܹһʩ񣺡С϶ˣλүƺҶǲϤͷһҶǣ
Ҷڻǰūǵӣʵûô϶һ꣬ҪƵ꣬ȴ϶Ȼк΢΢һҶޱʵʸǣ
϶һ򼭣æС϶ڷҶһӣ϶ϣԷҶǵ£ȴֵ֪飬С϶֪֪ףүոʲô⣬ҪʲôС϶Ϊ
ŶҶ°ͣЦĿ⻬϶ûͷһҶǣŪףҸʣֻ㡭
ҶЦЦ飬С϶æүڷҶǣС϶ңҶˣС϶һṩ΢İæշѷǳˣָ·ֻһö˱ң·Ҳֻö˱ҡ̽Ϣռֵ㣬Ҳᳬʮö˱ңҪС϶ҲзҶǸ̵ķֲͼȥ̹򣡡
϶ѻ˵꣬Ҷ׹ԭ϶רطϢ鱨ġ
½˿ڴ࣬Ҳ飬Թ֮䣬˿ǳ
һİˣһİĵطڲϤصķ飬ֲ֪룬ͷԵĸоʱ򣬵ЩϢ鱨ˣˡ
ṩķ㣬ṩһЩǮƣǸȡ裬б»ģҲЩСǮ˵⿿ųԷˣ½ǲ٣Ͼô˵Ҳְҵ


81 ż
ھȻôˣҶҲûҪ¥̽Ϣˡ
ӻУֱȡһöС϶֪Ϊʲôô߽Ҷǡ
Ҷ־ͳԼһöңС϶Ŀɿڴһʵ⵹Ҷͳ£Ϊֻҡ
ڹĹ֮зһʺƵʩἸöң˵Ҳʲô
С϶ԽĴ֣еõ·ϲֱֲҶԱ߸ɡԡһС϶æ˽ңЦݿҶү֪ҶǿǷһ˲õĴ£·ĵص㣬һƬط
˲õĴ£Ҷһüͷʲô£˵㣡
ҶõɫСܿ˿߽һղǿŹүôˬС϶ǾԲὫģϾȫǽɱͷĴ¡
ɱͷ֣Ҷ΢΢һҶǵ׷ʲô£ȻҪȫǽԣἰ¡
С϶ͷؿ˿Χֱȷûעߺ󣬲Žͷ쵽ҶǼ˲õĴ£ǷҶǵһλڷҶľŻʱ䷢һżȻһż÷Ҷǵĳʱ˿ڣϢóǺɫþƵĲݰӣڴ¥ȸߵʱ򣬸˳ȥ˵ǲݰӣһؼңߵĳһ͸ɿˡ
С϶Ҷ۴⣬̾ǰǳҲǸ쵰в͸ǽʵݰӣע˵ġ
Ҷӣȷ˵òǽԣǴżǺǷ֪ʲôǷ
Ҷһʳô⣬С϶æֵô£С϶֪ϢҪС϶ڳˣһ֪ˡʵЩ⣬˵С϶֪ʵЩҲǲ֪ϾǴַѷǳԶλö޴ӿݣǾŻףﶼæµǵطˡ
ŶżûҵҶŨüһЦȤȤ˻ˮҲȥһˡ
Ҷ˵⻰С϶΢΢һȣĿתضҶһᣬȰ˵үС϶Ȱ㻹ȥðյĺáȻ÷ҶǵĳʱˣĴһЩǵõϢȻЩǱ޳Īһʱ֮䣬ϲЩһЩΧԱҲǺѶԸġ
ΧԱҶоһЦһۣС϶ҪһݷҶǵĵͼƮȻȥˡ
ҶȻԼȰ裬ҶһС϶ЩøУҶѾ˲ԶʱС϶䱳󣬴еСֵܣĪǿ󰡣Ϊ̰Ķɵ£С϶ûӦһߣɱΪһ˻ˮС˽ȥ
ҶС϶ȡ÷Ҷǵĵͼ󣬾ֱ˾Ż
ŻҶԼʮ룬ڶ·ǧĴ½˵ʵԶҲСʱ䡭
ʮ·ҶߣȫʮӾ͹ˡ
Ҷ⣬һɽ֮УľӲֻܲһӰľ֮䣬ʱ˸ٶȵе죬ӰƬƬҶӰɽɽʱ
쬡һ
ɽŵһô֮ϣ˫һչ΢գһ䣬ȵ䵽˵ϣȡɫߴϺҶʼһǰеŵľŻ
ͰľŻȻ޴⻬ľӣֻ澳ȴһһһÿһ澵Ϧ͵ҫ£˸ŽɫĹԣֻǿ棬˴һɾ
ֻǴ˿̿ĺϣȻԣĴᴬ󣬵ᴬȴǲϵŭлʱʱŴ򶷵죬ƻ⴦
ÿһ澳ŶԲ°ÿ澵ϣͣСÿһС֮ϣ֮ͷǺʱʱðͷ¶һ̰顣
ǵЩˮ֮ˣҡͷʾ޹ٴǱˮǶʱ˸ԱߵЩֻ¶˿˿ɱ⡣
ЩֻͣһЩȴں⴩ͣ͵͵ˮнͷǵɫ飬ЩǷҵ˺׹ַ
վھŻߣҶЩĴᴬһۣһЦǱˮУô»Լ͵ĺá
еˮǳ峺ȴףҶ˿ǱȥڲˮУֶܼСʱӦкӵеı¡


82 Ⱥ
ԽǱԽеˮҲתܸе̹ǣֱҶһǱ׺󣬺ˮѼˮѹŻϮ
ʿ磬ЩѹôںҪͨˮף³Ų˶ãöˮѹ
Ǳˮ׺ں״ǱаСʱ;Ҳ˺ʮˣЩ˴඼ɶӵں״ţҲвٵߡ
Щںд˱Ҳûֳʲô⣬Ƿ׷׿һۺ󣬾͸뿪ˡ
ֻҶȴǷһЩϻٶ˵ʡ
Щˣм·õģ˫ѵ·Уе㻹Ѫ˿Ҷѣܾʹô˼ҵ·ӡ
΢΢̾Ϣһ˿ʱĹ飬ǰǱȥȻ˲鷳ɲԽѪȥ˵Ĳڡ
СʱܿȥҶûҵʲôżټˮ滻˸ںǱ
ܿȥʱҶеһصףȴǷһǳֵǱˮԽԽ󣬿ƬˮԽԽСҺˮ˲١
ֵһĻҶһӦòʲôż˰ɡ
û뵽ԼǲŸչ죬ȻԼҵˣĻŭ֮ҶǱٶȵԽԽ죬ĵشǱȥ
ǻ飬һǱһٶɣˮһƬڰģҶ˵ûʲô󰭣ǰյĹôãϰκκڰ
ٴǱʮɣͻȻҶһƬɫĹ㣬ˮɲǼ࣬ҪȫԶ壬ⶸȻһ仯֫ᶳ
ˣɫĹǰԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ󣬼ֱˮ򣬿һĻҶĿɿڴ󣬴عֽһ˻Ϊһߣˮϳȥ
ʲôǰµżһȺѨڡɣҶסһˮ׵ʯͣ
˶Ǻ²ѣôҲû뵽ˮ֮УȻŷŹࡣ
Ӧ֮
ת˼ʮȴӲûһõϣ
Ҵ˿Ļˡͣ˶Ǻ²ѣ
һᣬֻþʱ뿪ΪһֱֻôӱжȡôҲû뵽ˮ֮УȻŷŹ࣬ûĽ֮
·һ˲䣬ʶ̽һֹ㡣
ȻûЩȫžƬұͷһż޲ʾֵࡣ
Щûʲôµֹʵ̫ˣʹҴɨһֻۣ¶ǧ
ףԼǰЩΪʲô·飬Ǳҧ˺ˣҲֹ㵼µģЩ˲˵ˮ˲䣬ͻȻһ
ô£ѵԤеΣգʶһչǾʧɫһֽУҶڡһ½ֻ˳ëȻȫ䱸Ŀܡ
͸ˮ㣬ĺɫǰԼΧҶֻЦû뵽ԼȻûΧ
һᣬźԽԽҶؿЩȫͨ⣬Ȼ˫͵۾չʶϸ̽һ£ƬˮﷶΧȫֹΧˮйͨ
Щ㶼ͬһƷ֣峤ʮ֮䣬Ҳм֣峤ȴǳ˶ʮף⼸㣬ּͷ
⼸֣Щ֮ͬͷһ֧ڵǣڸһԺľ
Ϊصǣλֻ۾⣬β֮һֻС۾ʱʱգ˸̹⣬ÿֻ۾ʱҶȻܴϸܵ
Ȼ٣ܻһͽľ磬Ѿоˡ
û뵽ֹ㾹ȻҲŽ޵֡
ԲǸ̾ʱ򣬿ЩӴĹȺҶˣЩȻޣȴҲǲ
صֹʵ̫ˣԼùȥ
ӲôĥҲܰԼĥ
ƵˮһۣͻȻҶһ֮ضΧԼЩԶǻۣȫע飬뵽ҶһҧҲֻܶƴˡ
һٳɣһǿʶҶ̽ȥȻ·Ĺ֮˲١
Ҷ֮ʣЩҲȻ˹Ϊһ˫֮УͻȻת˵ЩΧһ˲䣬Ҷһתͷ㻮ˮ·ˮȥ


83 жѨ
ȺҶȻǵѨȥʱŹ֮ʼ׷ǵתӰҧȥ
Ҷػһʱ䣬ЩҲΣֻҶǲ֣ĥɢ
˫ţʹת״̬£Ҷһųڵ˵ˮǰ浲Ĺһеĳʬ
ʱһƬˮǺһƬʬǡ
ûЩ㾪ˣŵѪԸոһ㣬һֺη
ĽΧҶֻҧһƴףԴԴϵģҲԽԽ
ٴǱʮӺͻȻȴһʹ
ҶͷһʱһԭǴ־Ȼһֹһһҧסš
ģҶһסһ󣬽ֻԭ·Ǳȥ
ٴ˼ĹҶͻȻǰһֻ·ˮһұ֮ϣȻһĴ󶴡
ʱǹܵô࣬γɵѾ˸Ҫ˶ãҪɢˡ
һݣгˮз˵һɶ೤İâһǶڵĹ㣬Ҷæ˽ȥ
һڣȴǽһⶴоȻûˮȴʪĺܣòҶʱڶ˺һξײһʯͣ
һͣ£æվ̽ʶЩû׷˿һ;Լеˡ
ⶴˮûУ㻹ôܽ
ЦĶͷʯϣŷԼСֱ϶ż˿ѪòҲ֪Ⱥҧġ
ҶºȻҪ֪Ϊ˼ӿٶȣ˫š˫֮ϣȺȴܹĻҧȻ֮ӣҲò˵ЩǷǳǿˡ
Ҷϸ鿴һƣֻֻһЩƤʱ˿ţűڣٴĶڣѨȥȴûЩȻû׷ȴһΧ棬ûһȥ֮⡣
ԼⶴгȥˣЩѾԼˡ
ŪҶ̾˿ٴȥ
ղײʯڣȡһЩҩ裬ǿڷһЩȻֽһЩĥɷĩͿ˿ڣкϥʯ֮ϣĿڤ
ʱ֮ȫָǰĵ֮ŽŶڵ΢⣬̽ȥ
֮ףȻһûˮʯһ龰Ȼ˵ϾףҲǹޱˡ
㲻ܾͻðʲôһҲҴ⣬ȫָ壬ܸõӦͻ
Сڿʯյ蹦֮ĶУˣδʲôΣյ£ϲ࣬ЩƣĶȻô̫ƽѵԼ̫ˣ
ⶴڵȫ˺Ļûһ˿ĹߣҶϰںڰˣڿҲеģ
Һʶãʶг̶ȣʮ׷Χڷ쳣ܼӦģұڣɺ󣬻ûʲô쳣Ҳǻûҵ
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չǰһʯһԼʮƽ׵ʯͣ£͵۾ǿʯ
ಣ۵ĳӶǿʯͷŽʯġ顱ҶʯļӲ̶ʱͻȻʯ龹ȻһУһǹС
ȻҶѾȷжʯ棬ȴû뵽ʯͷȻǶȻͨʯôܾܵסԼ
󣡣ʯ鷢ĽԽԽ죬ҶҲʼʯ仯ɵĹŹΪʲô˵ΪʯȱóľȻ޽š
ԼǰŹ丹ȴǳȵġ㡣
ҶȻ˺ðΣһЩһν壬һβ嶼ˣҲǽ٣Ȼ֪͵Ϯˡ
ԭͨƤѩף۴һ㵭Ѫɫâβɢ𣬷ź⣬һ룬ͷȴһԲ죬һżݸͻѽһС͵ĳ
ҶɣԽԳ򣬽ж̾ķ迴ǰ壬ȴֳŽţ׵ľȻųҶǲ֪Ӧôǰģļһˡ


84 
ɵ㣿ҶŬŬ죬һ֪ǳھ̾ʲô֮󣬻治У˳ϲҰ
Ҷظ̾ΪԼѵĽ˰ɣСɵĳһӣȻķһڵƵģġݡΪֱӳҶҧ̶
㳯Լûֵĵ֮ǰҶҲûȫ֣ˣһһš顱һզ֣ȻһڹĶƤϣʮ֮Զ
Ҷﲻѣ㲻ճû°ɡ
һ䣬ҶͻȻһԿǹ׷һ˲䣬һ˿벻м˼ǾǣҶ㻹Զˡ
ǹҲҶ֪ı⣬﷢һһ㺮ֱҶ׷ɵĹУͣڿУֵĶ΢£ֻ䡱һ
Ҷ㶸ȻͣڿУ֪ãҲʲôƣĺã˫һţµСʯŵ÷飬ڵƵֱϿգ콣ȻȥȴԼ
ʱֻЩԭڴ֮еʯ飬һ󶶶ĻҲֱ£ʲôʯ飬һ龧Өı飬ǹĹֽŵĻӶЩ׷׳Ҷ
ҶĻ뵽ֱ£첻̱Уӿֱһͷڶʯϣʯײһӣһأ漱ı飬Ҳ׷£ڲϵء¡С
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ʯеЩ飬ǹϢҲıСΪһưǰеĹȥҲڴﵽһ׶೤ͣ
ʱ㣬һŵȫ¶棬ϵŹâ˸ţ޴ѩ˫ɢͰ׹⣬չ
ޣʿĹҶʶ̽һ֮󣬵һЩһͽĶûУһȻžʿ硣
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ҺԼûˮһ
ΪʵϣͬΪ£Ҫ࣬кܶص츳죬ٿر㣬ҪˮʱƾȥԼ治һô졣
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ȻһУֻһεĶȴǱһθεı鲻һ飬һȴʮɵıԼײ˹
ܵǱϱѵƣܿһײԼͻֱӱըײɲϴЩˣ㲻Ҳˣû뵽㾹ȻֱӷĴС
뵽ٳɣұһ㣬γұϷɴڶȥ׼ұϵĸߴܿƺ˵ı뼴ԼĹ㡣
һǱҲ䣬Ȼֱֱײ˹һĻҶ±ӣһȫչʯڶһӰ֡
䣡
޴ıЮޱȵƣƫеײһӰеһ֮ϣһ죬ƿı䵽ϣǶѳһС͵ıɽ
Ҷ֪Σûȥһأһθı䷽һΣǿһƮɣܿǹ㱾ӿ³һ
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ĲһζܿҲûʲôˣǶİɣҶȻתһ˦ĳΪһİâЩ
ۣ֮𣬽׷ıһһɢ
Ǳȥһ󡰻ǱѾΪһѱıȻıһֱֱԼһ˹
ģû꣬ŭСүɱڣƣҶһֿںȻںϽľ˫ϵջػĳ
˻ΪһС쫷磬ƿı飬ֳͷųɳâĳǹԴ


85 չսƷ
ҶͻȻôǿֱƿԼµı㣬һ㶣ҶһͷϺȴʹ˻˻ҽУ͵һš
ಣһĹҶ˹ȥҶһһ֮º󣬲ŷЩȻǹеЩݣֵǣһҲʮţǹеȴǲ٣ѡ
һٻɣһչ㾹ȻֱֱҶײ˹
ҶұϣĿĶӭĹ㣬Ŀһ˿ɫһս͵ĳǰһ˦ͬʱһ㣬Լǰͷɹȥ
ͣڿ֮£ܣһӣȻֱֱ콣顱һ콣˳ཻ΢΢һҶٴһס
֣ͻȻһֱӳڹߣγɵĽɫֵɫ䲻䣬ݺݵڹͷ
ҶͻȻһûӦ䡱һˤԶײұϣһѪϵİɫҲࡣ
Ȼһ֣ҶȴҲ˲дۣڵĵϣ˲ִʹо̧ͷȥжʱһݣû뵽ԼһȻû
ڵϵĹʱȻҶȫһѶ˺üʮƬͷƳһʱȴǽýĺܣһƫͷҧЩϵƬһȴǼŶڷɱ˹ȥ
ƺҲףǰˣԼܶԸġ
һĻҶĸӳ⣬ЩͽͽһԼ½ܳһʱҪ֮еġ
룬Ҳٹ˼ʩչٴ嶸Ȼʮ֮⣬гڲִӵĹ㣬Ȼȥ
͡һˣҲιԴбҶĳһ룬̵ԽѪȫӿ
Ҷ˿Լ㱸Ҳû˼ʮ콣һգͣŹ㻹ڵͨֱϼʮ
ֱͷǲ뿪󣬲˿ʽͣǳѵҲûˣ꣬Ҳˡ
ҶƮڵϣȡһЩҩ趪к󣬲ųһ
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ȻһͣôҲɱͷʿڵޣϻܵõһЩرġ
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ϵƬǿֲķҶȴ֮һۼ״ϣֻҪȫĹۼ׵̶ȣԾޱȡ
Ƭ£ȫƤ֮ĵһݣⶫޱȣԵЧòˡ
Խ֮Уȡħˣ·ˣͷз˰Ҳûҵ޺ˣȴǷһͬһĶ
ӣҶüͷ૵ʲô޺˲ӦôôһԲεģ㻹Ǵ͸Ųͬ
΢΢һЦ֮˿ڴ֮УԺȥϰɣ䵽Ǹʲô֣ЩõĶʰú󣬿һۡ
ϵ⣬ҲһϵѪ⣬һЩ۹Ĵ֮УҲҶɲ˷ˡ
֮Ҷʶɽ̽һ£̽һ֮
ղŵĴ򶷣ʹ󶴵ʯ֮ϣһͷСĿ׶
ֻǣ֮ǰй߻谵һ׶ҲһΪεĵطǸղɢʶܶᷢ֡
׶ֵһ˲䣬ҶԵĸоõһɼΪȵϢӿ׶֮Ʈݳ
ˮ׶Ѩ棬ôֳȵѵһɽɣ뵽ҶûԥֱһȭǸ׶
ȭͷǿ׶ʱһɸΪӴĳȴǶȻӿ׶֮м˳
ҶȫûзӦʱһɳȵ˸ţȻûˣˣȴҲǱ
һҶʱһٴȭͷһȭ˹ȥ
һΣȴûκⷢеĵطʱ¶һ󶴡


86 żõػ
붴УĵطһСʯҡ
ʯҿƽʯҵǽϣȴǿ˸ֵķġ
Щģʹʯȫһֱӡ̬֮С
Щĵĸţ˵ʶɨҲᷢκ˿ʯңͺһ
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ʯ棬ȴûʬǣҶʬǣӦ͸໯ΪһƬˡ
ʯȻûзʬǣʯ׵һǣҶȴһǳϸСĻ档
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ɵҶõʶ棬׼ȡʱ򣬺ȻоЩطԡ
棬Ͳʯˣ֮γɵĻ棬Ǳʲôˣֱӽʯġ
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һϸСĻ棬ʯ֮󣬾ֱߡ
д󾪵ҶɴѣҲ͵еʼΧһ棬ǿþѪ
ҶôҲû뵽ԼƵʯ׽Ƶʱһ棬Ȼѡݡ
Ҷٷ˾ţ֮ɱ˹һ棬Ȼܡ
ǸӦҶĶһ֮󣬾ҶӴƹҶĹʯ֮еһ׶֮Ʈȥ
ҶһĶȴһѵѾǣ
뵽ܵǣҶӻ
æôã˹ĵôԼսƷߡ
ʯ֮УҶһ׷ʮӣղŽһξѪһڲ
ѪڣͱʾѾסһ档
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ħ棬Ǿħı棬һ棬֪ɱǿС
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87 
½֮ϣ˵еĵػ𣬻콵֮£תɵĻ棬ֻǻɽĻת
κεػ֮߻˻Ҫǿᡢֲöࡣ
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ǣػ𲻱˻ÿһֵػ𣬶Ϊ񱩣Ҳѵһ
ҾˣĻ棬Ҳ֮á
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ܵõػˣһ⣬ǳ½֮ϲǿߡ
ȻػҩʦǾ޴󡭡
Ҷһǡħ桱ʱ˲١
½ػֻʮ֡
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ħ桱ʮֵػ֮Уǰ壬һ൱˵ĵػˡ
Ҷ֪½֮ߵõػǾƾĻ֮ͬ޵С
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Ͼڵõһػ𣬿ɲ̫⣬ػ֮£


88 
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Ҷ˽һׯЯԺӡ
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ׯֻһѰũׯȴԼˡ
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ڳ֮ϣȴг벿žԼCEOиׯβžĴ磬ѹдšз֣·Ҫˡ
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89 
Ҷأܿ˿û˾ŵʵСһԼ뿴ΪͶʮСʱȫػС߾Եĸ
ִ־ϲ˫СľĸôӽׯôˣɻûСˣ˵СǸɰ˶ǲ
Ҷϧһ̾ϧС㿴ңҪ֪ΪСǿɽԺģԺ֮еŮòɲԺܱġΪСΨһȱСԡʱ򣬶Ҫһߣе㶪棬ִҪǲһ㣬ҿ԰ְλıѡô
Сԡʱ򣬶һԣִͬһ촽¶ɫԵĿ⣬鲻ĵͷЦׯĻ
ҶæСأǺĸ߲㣬ǾԲ֪Ҳͺִ˵˵ǧ˵ҪȻҶ鷳
ִͦظȻȻ죬ҶԲе֪µģ
ҶһĶͷʲô飬æڵˣмǸִ˵ˣҪʮСʱػСģԾֻסСԺССԺУֻŮ᷿ȴûл᷿һ¾ֻίִЩŮͬסһ᷿ˣС㶨µĹأ㲻ϰߡ
ִ¶ɫ̾ضĺãСǸˣ̫ˣ
ҶǲһȺλŮסһִ²ӵô
ִæһȣ¶һʿΪ֪飬ͬСȻʶңҡⶼΪ˻رС㣬踺صģ㡭ҪҶСĲǡ
Ҷ¶飬˵ͷִ£ׯһֺͣ˾ίˣС˵ˣҲŴкˣһֱȥСԺ䱨ˣ
ϵܣһˣˣʲô֣
ҶС㣬ǧҪСܶ˵û
ִŶһʱЦԭǳ֣ҲǸС㿴صˣܺãͷС㣬һСǰ㼸䡣
һ䣬ȴҲܲסһЦ
ִµĲ£洺⣬ͻȻ͵ЦߵЦ澣ΪСߵŮ˲𣿺ߣú̺֣ԼҷҪȻү
һۣżɴĳԺȥ
ԶֱӰˣŵӣѵСĻôûְλ
ҶǺǺЦǲСĻѵ㻹ôҪСĻЩֺαظѧϰطԣ
ȻǾûְλˣ
ҶȴִȥӰ¶һζЦݵûУԺ˵ˡ
ʱһãȻȻҶﻰ˼
Ҷеţ绹ŮҲãһ𣬲÷һԼ
ʱҶͻȻһ½֮ϣȺ۲
ʸΪ½ʮ֮һԼܽ赽ʸƣ¹£°빦
ֻҪõʸϿɣܷɻڴҪ÷磬Ҫꡣ
뵽ͬèצһȫתͷҪԶУʲô
ãȻҡͷɫתףȴȻҧ´ӣǷҪ뿪ׯˣ
Ҷ˹ȥı뻳У㷢õģԺȥʲôطԣʱ뿪ׯ
û׽˿ͻȻҶڻУǶصϢʱȴЦݣϲ㲻ƭң
ҶĶߣᴵ˿ҶŮ˵ѣ
ֻһŮֵֶΣŵģ˼һûСţһ仰û˵꣬ҶԵķסˡ
ҶһҲйٵŮˣȴδô˳Ůһʪ֮󣬱һ㷵Ժ䡣
ýŽԴϣѪڵҶչֵı£һʱ֮䣬ҽԴʹϢͬһ㣬ССԺ֮
£;ͣϣȴһֱʱ֣ųͣϢ


90 ⲻĺ
峿ҶͻȻоزЩĸо£˹ԭزḧš
ʱ컹δԼ졣
һѲѹ£סϵвλθ߸𣬲ĥ䣬̰ʹʪĺ촽
û뵽ҶһҪ⧲֮£ѱߵ֪ˣţҲ֪ڱʾܣǱʾҪܡ
ҶĶǶ¶Բͦ壬ҪὣɣϺͬһƻһ£æӣҪȥС㣬ղѾǰͨˣ
Ҷ֪һԣûκξֹ֮ͣ˶ĽЦȻСˣΪβңǲǻʹѽ
϶ʱһźƣһ·쵽˲ӴǣڣٲߵĻСǱ߾Ͳýˡ
ҶĻȼ˻ǣѩŪԥǼСȵȣӦòٸһΣӦҪ˶ʱ䡭
ͨĽҶҵĺù˼һ磬˼ﻹʹ쳣Ҫ˼𣡿СȥˣᷢƢģ
Ҷ¹ϳƣȷʵٴսϵĽģл̲סһҪȥׯС㣬Ωѹ
Լȷʵ뿪ׯΪҪʸƣҲҪΪԼŪһݺļҵ֮󣬲
ֻӵһԿܵļҵףܵõ˼ҵľãׯһ鼫Ϊ壬ûзǰǲ׼뿪ׯġ
һ׳ЩϤ·ǰ·ݶʱѾ˺˼飬˼ʱΪ¸һ£Ӧͦġ
Ҷ´Իʸ壬ȴѾĳ·ʽ̹Ȼ϶ȣ·Ĳϣڻʸ壬ҲǶ
ʱĶ֮´ҶϣȻ·ʽ䣬ԿĿ⣬̾ûôÿĲϣûйôÿˡ
һЦѾͷʲôʱҲѧƨˣϴƿţׯȥ
߳Ժ䣬ʯŴƼԶ̧һ˹ǰһˣЩִ£ѪԵϵִܾµǸҲ˵
Ҷһ̧ǸܣɫɫΪˣһʱ棬ǰȥüͷʵʲô£Ǹüģ
Ź£ҲִµĴ磬ʤܿһۣȴһȻʧɫ
Ҷ̧ͷ򵣼ǸſŵӰĸϤֻ˶ķ֮ѪһƬѱûԲΣʱһʵ˭
ʤ˳һۣһ޵ɱȴתۼţȻҶȻֶΣ
Ҷ飬΢ƶϣ֪ſűִˣΪӣʵ벻ׯ˭˶ķΡ
ֻôҲû뵽ׯС㣬ǸĺǣҶȻжִµ뷨ûϵ˼ҴСӸһȴˡ
ҶҲЩȻȻҪöԷԵͷܵ㴦ȴû̾˭ҲûϵĴ磬ͽڰ˳䡭
ҶѾǷǳǳԵʤˣǧҪΪִµ飬Ҷ鷳
ΪԷղ޵ɱһȻӦҶΪߣɱ֮ȴС
ʤɱҶĵܱܵҶԱ֤һʤ
ԷȻׯһִ£Ҷɱ˶Է治Ҫʲô
ʤȴֱҶѣʲôҵЩǾԲװģߣ
Ҷ̾˿ȻԷŲ£Ҳܹˣ뵽Լҿһۣ˳㳬һ顣
˵ֱҪִµ巭
ʤæס컯֮£㻹ô
ҶЦңҡͷЩε˶Ѿˣ㻹ұʬɣ˵ˣҺִҲûлζҲֻǿаŮоȴûϵׯĴСôݣˣ
ʤƽľܵܣԼĵܱܵҶĺޣ㾡֮ˮҲϴˣʱŭȵ˭˵ҵˣճģƣÿ㣡
ҲˣԼֻ޵һȴŭԼҶҲģҪϹȥţҲᳬӵģѾĻʶģӹԶ㣡
˵ţһӣֱӽʤ׵ԶĻ֮С
ҶǸѪܵƨɣִֽ·˸ȴʱһһﻹû


91 Сټ
һ̧Ϳһִֵۣ±ֻǱݿѽ
ҶߣԼŪ˸Ҳ˷̫ı飬ƨȺۣҲ̾ׯСһûҪӵ֮ڣ´ˡ
ʱִֻ»˫ۣݺݶҶҶ˵è޺ӣٴȱӵƨɺˣһϣ
㣬ģ塣
ҶһﶼˣԼӻһġˡˣֻٺһЦ˫ִµĵҵ㣬ϽɣûӣͦȤˣ
ִòӵϵŭȵ˵ҲҪٿ㣬ҹԶ㣡
ҶִµıףЦǧ𼤶˵֣ƣٺ٣ʱ򡭡ҸһٳŲ١
˵תȥصׯС˵ҪģôǰȥӦƸĴѵˡ
˵˵ţͻִһͦӵֱӹ̧ͷҶȵõĴ󵨣ðСĻ㡭˵㾹Ȼƭӣ
ƨʵ˵̫أŭȹһʹϮʱҺѡ
Ҷһۣ΢Цú˰ɣ㵣͵ׯСԡܣҾġ
һɣŭħСһŹģ
ҶЦﳤȥ
ʵºҶҲһӵΪˣһԼиžĴ磬˵Űһ㣬ҲЩϷŮ飬ȴҲռЩˡ
ҪǸʮĿ˶ͱ̵ͷʣˡ
֮һ϶˵㣬ٻ˵㣬ΪˣǽЩԭġ
ͱϷɹЩŮ˼ϵϷġЩϷɹŮҲֻڿͷϿһǣҪ˼ˣȻǽԴϲ
Ҫ˼ҲҪԭԱȽǿģûа취£Ҳȥ˼ˡ
ΪҶĿУԶԶﲻˡı׼ŻΪӱׯĴС£һ˿֮ġ
ִֻԼĻȻȥСԺҪĪеġһְֻҲǻλС㣬ƨϻذһ̡
ҪƤֻⷬҲҪ
Ҷһзֿ֮󣬲ŸոһСʯ·һȻǸҶѾͷ˵˵˵ׯĹ˭׼ĴҴġ
Ҷ̧ͷһۣȴһ긾ˣԼʱǷׯСټô˵Ҵ
°Ȼٲɫ긾˴󷽣ׯûҶԼء
ׯĴС̵Ӵλׯĵشʮµ¥϶ɣΧӣγһƬСС֡
¥֮䣬һǧƽ׵ĳˮ峺ףɼɫСι
ҶǸ긾˵Ĵ£ǰ֣һƬ֮У߹ȣ;Զ¥ߵ򣬴֮䣬׵塣
µһ¥Ǹλ¥֮ϣɿĸǵӳˮ⣬Է䵽¥֮ϣʹ¥޾С
һ·֮ϣϵŮ뻤ҶͶԺĿ⣬긾һСĸ·һǴδķΣ֪ˣҲûлǰ档
ҶҲûˣõ彨ƣǳ⣬ԸŻȣǼǿ˵ӹӦ
¥ֵĳ£졢ͨĵĸо
˴Ź߹һȣ긾˽ҶһС֮ڣˮϣһᣬȥ֪ͨС㡣
긾ߺҶ豭ֺһ֮ʼĴ¥һߣ¥ƾȥԭǼ
ڵĲ÷ǳ򵥣мһõϯ棬ǽڵĹǸ裬ӳ£ŵĺ⡣
¥Ϸһֻһ֣ȴˡ
Ҷ¶豭һڽĲˮȾȻеĲҶڵϣһƨ£ŶȵСҲǸԵֻףͽӴСֻ»Щϲŭ޳ҲΪ˵С˼뻹ȽϵȻӹ͸һָһȵζֻҪҵǣӦòദǣ
ʱһǳϸ΢Ҷˣֻµϸ΢
Ҷĵ׾ޱȡ
ûׯ˸֡
ⲻҶԭе𴦣СԶ֮ϣʮɵľ롣
Ҳ˵ڽӽʮɷΧ֮ں
ƾһ㣬ͿԶ϶һһߣûдﵽʿ֮ĲΣҲԶ


92 Ϊ
һҶҲЩˣССׯߣҶƨѽ
ţҶǰʱһ
ֻһλ̬ǧںƯ㷢һٲкޱȵ紦ϴһĨɴֻǶ˫ͿɿһѰŮˡ
߽СҶĿ⣬ûа˿ϰΪˡ
ŮһŵװͻڵĺĶĽۼŮˣ˫ȥֻñȥţҲᵽɢഺϢС
һѲ⣬Ũܵ۽ëΪ˫ˮƵķĿһ˿ޱȵء
ҶƵĿɿڴôҲûССׯȻֻˮˡ
ӯӯҶĶ棬󷽵£ɴµ֣ҿһ豭һۣ徫µͦСӵ˻񣬲˼ҵĲȹˣҶµضǣҴδô׵ˡ
ҶȻ費Ϊ׼ģǸ֪߲ŭˣ
̿Ҳȡһ豭ѸӷһԣץһСزҶŵ㴽СѩݣҧһǣϸƷһ£Ž֮˲豭֮С
ҶĶֱݺ֮ڶʮһ;Բܴڵľɫû˵ҲûԹҶĲ衣
˵Ҷĸٶ˵ʲô
ûд˵Ůٶʲôõӡ
ڵĳٻڵóӶˣСڵһһУȫȫ߸
ʲôԣ˼ĴС㣬ֱǸǸļƱٻ
һûпǱԼ֮󣬲ıǸʲôġ
˼ǽӴ˸ȥ
־ٶԼʾ򷢳ı־棿
ҶͻȻһʱӦ¥棬żϢǼϢķֲλǰػ̵ˡ
ֻȻԼǰŲˮܿŮ˶ԼİΣôģҲҶûκв
ҶǹһĨŹֵЦ⣬ȻŮԼԼǲҪһеأ
ԥ˰ΣҶͷѹ
Ů˲Գ֮˵˼ԼˣڷҶǴһ˴ңɲ˼
صһؼʱ¶һ˵Ц⣬˫ƻ˵Ĵ۾ɨҶͷЩļƣָʹִﵷңҪͨĿڣ֪һ˰ɣ
˵´˫ܿĵĿ⣬ζסҶ۾
ҶϵϢʹϵƣ˫йڱ¶Լϸ
һüȻָۣϵļڷǲµˣ𣿡
ҶعŮ˵һ˫۾ϬһͿסˣ˿ԣæͷСԲֻ֮ׯıݻơ
̸Ҷϵƽƽ棬ҲǶʧȥȤ˿ԣ㵭Ȼʲôׯɲˡ
Ҷһ㶣⻰ǰסˣСô󣬵ĺԼЩʲô˰Σŵѧӣˮɽʯûʲô⣬⡭
ɫԽԽ죬˶ٵЩׯ֮أ
조ꡱЦ˰Σŷ״ʶҶһЦӯӯĴãźЦ˵ǻᴵţðɣܶһЦķϣȥ£ÿ¸öرң𣿡
Ҷƣû뵽˵ʵ˼ҷţҪڵķҶǵ鶫·ý֮һʾˣ뵱̵棬Щνĸ֣һһúÿԼı¡
̲ӦЩׯӻһˣͦʵģӦаȱľȥ°ɡ
ʱҶ˵ʲôֻõͷӦŵ
˸޴˵վ
ڴļæС
ߵſ֮󣬲ͷׯׯĹأ߻ϳִͣµ飬Ҿƽˡ
˵գͷҲصƮȻȥˡ
Ҷһ
˶ֻ۹⻹˵㣬ȻҶز¶ģҪڷҶ£˴Ҷֺαػô
ҶŴգЦģȻõһػ𣬵ΪһģһŮǰ˱⹷ƨĴۣҲ̫˵㣬ǵͻΪС
˵ׯС㣬ȷʵǵ񣬲ӵоɫв¶Ķ˷飬ŮˣֻǸˣҲHOLDסɡ


93 Ͷ
һ߳СһҶķȥ
һ·߹հת˺һûмӰӡ
ҶȻԸǸ͵󣬿ɼߵĵطԽԽƫƧԽԽ٣΢΢üͷ
ʹûڴׯ԰Ҳ֪һׯ԰ĳǲܽƫƧ֮صġ
סĵطˣҪǴͲС԰ȺķҲ˰ɡ
˵һʮľӰĺʱҶЦԼӦͣȻ󿽴һкͼ
ҶҪ֮ʣǰͻȻ˼׳⼸˿Щ죬֮ǰߵӡ
׳ֳָľ˿עҶ·ļͣҲͻȻתͷҶһЦ
Ҷ̾˿ÿʣҲѾ֪ԷĿˣû뵽̤С԰ʤı
Ҷģ쿴ôһ
ҶתȥҲ˼׳Ϊ׵һˣǲŷֿõʤ
ׯĹȻɭϣǶףֻҪĸɾκκۼʹ˱ȥҲϱΪһļͶΪһŵĹ¡
ϾʤΪŹ£ׯЩλģׯÿ겻֪Ҫնūͣżū͵ʧ飬ǲܻѾȥġ
ʤ˵֮Щ˱йݺݳҶ˹
Ҷ⼸׳׺ݲбӣвһ˿ɱƳЩ飬Ӧòֹһˣ򲻻ǰϰһ
ǳģ⼸һﻹ治֪үмֻأҶųԼļ׳һ£һȭ磬һ󺺵Сϡ
׳ɳһбŷɵʯǽ֮ϣڵһֻϺף˫ŶӲҺѣȴҲûаˡ
ʱһľһҶת֮ʣͬʱı
ҶͷҲûأȳŵأһֻɿĺɨ˳ȥ׳ɵһɶԶڵһ
һĻ⼸׳һΧʤߵļ׳Щǰˡ
ʤɫѿۣСļһȻ֡
һ˫ֽţֵöرңԼŰɣʤ˲ԤУԭֻǺúýѵҶһ٣ڿҶ֮ȴҪֱӷ
Ǳķ֣ԺĵλԼ֮ϣҶԺͷϣʤĺҲǵͷˡ
Ϊ˳Ǳڵвʹ֮ɫߵļ֡ˡöرҡ͡
ϣһö˱ң൱һңһöرңȴֵһҡ
һٵرɶʮһ͵Ļң൱һҡ
ߵļ׳һԣ϶¶̰֮ɫ˵ΪΪʳ
⼸˶ֻǶЩǳȭŵçׯҲֻŻģһµĹǮһǧ˱ңʾ޿Ĵ̼£׷Ҷ˹ȥ
Ҷ⼸׳Բ֪Լ֣ɫҲһ£ֻӰһ׳ǰʱҶӰȵЩӰ¹һ֮Ǽ׳һһ˾ֱͦͦ˵ϡ
ʤвãͷܣúһһ̹ǵѻĲϡ
ʤɫѱޱȵĲ԰ףҲȫˣʲôСǸȶħҪħļһҸɶħзǷȴƫƫϲϻ
Ҷһֱۿʤ仯˷ǵߣҲǡ
ĵѶԼ־֮һҶûʲôȤĥˡ
ԺͶ̥ת۾㣬һЩǲˣڰ·ɣʤˣҶѶɱЩ׳ȻǲϣҲﲻ
Ҫҷ䣬ԣԸүţ֪ׯһдСϢΪЧȮ֮ʤҶӴǸȣʱȫ̱ڵأ
ҶʤСˣԷǶׯĴСϢ֪ʱһмȤ
ҶʾʤתԼ
ׯж죿Ҷ΢ЦĿڣһ޺ӡ
ɼʶҶһʤĸ˿ӣæ죬ǳ죬С˴Сׯ󣬱˵ׯˣһһľϤĺܣ
֪Լ˿Ψһϣһ㣬ץסΨһľݣ޲ðʮ˴öԷԼׯСģûһƭ


94 ū
ҶԼҪĴ𰸣ԼӣüһᣬŴӻͳһƿ
ƿڵһֻĴָСĺɫӣݸʤ
ҪôҪôҶѡ񣬺ܸɴࡣ
ʤֻĵĳӣȫ
еĳӣЩԥĿӴҶЦЦ֮ʱǶʱ˼º󣬻ֻɫĳӡ
ٺ٣ղԥһᣬұ֤Ѿû̷ֳӵĻˡ˵ֻɫӵʱҶǣҲЩ鴤һֻı档
ڹĹյʱһȽϹϵɽҵģҾôһֻԣֻɫĳӣϹһַǳĹƳ档
ֹƳȫҳ棬ϹʱҲѵһ
ص㣬ǿԴﵽ⣬׸ıһԣй֮˶ʩ֮һĲ
ĲֻΪϵģģԺǽƳȡʩƵˣҲаΥʩ֮˵
֮⣬ҳʩƵĵһ壬һϴ軻ĻᣬҲ˵ʤٴ˴Ҳȫøˡ
屻ҳ֮󣬲˵ģ͵˵֮еͽﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
㣬ҲҶΪ֮ʹѵԭ
ȻĹƳ棬ҲͶͨãߣߣĹƳ棬ȴûʲôô
סˣҲֻһʱ
ͨ˵ãȴġ
йԺ֮·ҲܰҳĿơ
ʤڷҳ֮󣬶ʱ֪ԼһҶƿأԵЩͷɥ
ģֻҪҰׯ°ãʱһȡƳ棬ɵģƾʣڱүߣҲǲܵġҶ֪֮Ըʤһϣ
ûƾʤֵʣȷʵٿҳ泹׸֮Ǿ˵ˡ
ҳʤٿԳΪһߡ
ʤȻһ㣬һԣʱϲӲƭң
ƾڵ˰Ҵһׯ飬һõȰﴦһ£Ҳ֪һУ𣿡Ҷмɨʤһۣ֮Уȴ˻ǹ
үģҾԻﴦ׵κ鷳ģʤǰ䣬ȴû䣬ΪԼΪҶׯͻỹԼɡ
¶ϲɫȻøǰ˱˳࣬ҪԼ֪ôҪ鷳ԼҲ䵽ⲽء
¹ףƺֻܹԼܹǰˡ
ˣҪȥһ£һ磬ңΪŹµ㣬һʱ䣬ӦÿΪһׯľ鱨ɡҶʼ˶ʤٵĵһ
û⣡ϣһ׼ʱţׯСС鱨һһڹӵǰʤƺԼûע⵽˿̵ѾȻҶˡ
ҶЦһ£뿪˴˵أ
һξҶУֻͷһۣʤԹվԭأĿԼ뿪
ҳȻ棡ҶͻȻþҳʤҲԺϴóҲ˵
ׯ֮أҪҸѯһˣһ˹еιǳȥ
ǲơ
ҶȴûЩǸ߽һĺԺ
ȻֻһССĺԺԺлïʢʯʯԵΪ¡
ߵſڣֻһС˳Ű룬˫ۿȥԵúǾܸɣȻĳˡ
ǹܼ´ҶһòǷӸµԼɵ΢΢һ
ƣֻׯǰܵһʱ䣬ϰ߳Ȼֲһƣ̲ס¶˱΢ı顣
漴ֻһʱó˳ͷбɨҶۣҶСԿ˵Ǹ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ
ǳһ㵹ǺϷ˳ʱ䣬ûСԿ˹֮£С㿴С˲šȥ񷿣Ժ͹ˡ
˵꣬ˤȥȴҶˡ
ǺһԱ˺죬ЦֲЦԶ֮󣬲źЦιСǰˮ
Ҷ΢΢ЩΪꣿ
ٺ٣ʵˣûһǧҲа˰ˣׯſÿ춼һȺνߣСĿһ˭֪ЩνߣȫЩƭƭȵľҷȫǼٵģСһףԼײ
˵ţҶߵһռǳ֮Ĳ񷿣֪ǲ񷿵ͷͷСɽһԲľԼһЩѾСľͷ
ӵǸɻĵطˣϤ»쿪ʼɻ˵ű˵ÿ迳ٲЩ˲ǣδҪر֮Ļ
˰ΣҶͷʵλֵܣ˯ĵط


95 㰲
ҲֻǸһѵҪҶ˵һָ˵ѷŲĿⷿô㻹Ҳ˯ĵطô
ҶһΪѵһ˯ĵطûУǺȴӽͣˡ
ҶЦһ뵽ǰϵԳҶҶҪ½Щ֪һλʯʿһССׯأǻĿ㰡
ƿⷿĴţлҳĳûг֣෴ⷿĿ൱ʡ
һŵľͷڷ룬ⷿԼһ򳡴Сڿⴲ棬ҶҵһľԼԺĵطˡ
Ҫһ´ϵ˽ӣСҪҴĴԺׯ·
ҶСѾͷںڵĿɨһ¿ռ˵Ŀⷿʱ˽ȥ
СѾͷգڵغˣһСԴ߸֡ϣ߻ϲĿģԽعҶɫģһĭȲ·ȹл˵
СѾͷ̧ͷĿ˵ذҶһۣԳַ硭顣
ʹɣӲŸոãĲܡܡ
ҶȴûѾȫĽ§˻һ˫ħצѾ̵ͦ㡭Ρ
ѩѩ롭һ̱ҶĻȻ˿˿ǣү𣬱ոպãԲġ
ҶڶԼ壬ζƺǲ룬ֻǵ壬ϸһѾͷɫȻ¶һɵ⣬ɢŨŨζ˻ǡ
ϲųŮɫҶλƵסԼ𣬺ѾԵؼη˫ƿʼԽԽֻҶ˵һ䣺šŻء
ҶȻһЦһӣѱպϣ§ε˫Ȼ
ϵ˷ᡭ޳ȣҶҶϢһжȻһޱȵ
ģ羹Ȼ֪СӶΪʲôң̵ģϴοɱСӺˣӴĥ
ҶȻһĽҲҶ廬ԹϲغҶһۣæһƬԼҵͷ٣һ滹ʾҶϽʰá
ҶյغһػصϣûɺãѾص˿ȻһŽļһ˽
ֻģóȴƫԼͷĨ͹⣬ײ࣬˰
ӣ˭
˽֮ǰҶ飬Цлú˵һˡţ˳ȥ
ӼԶʱЦҶģԭٺ٣ӵˡ˵Ħȭƣ¶һ׺ݵ顣
ҶбĿɨһۣ˸Ƿ㰡ϴλûѧãҳ飡
ɫƣĵׯ¼ٸˣĸǶ־η˭֪ȴôģ춨Ҫѹظ˵ף֪ү
Ŵ죬ҪȥȴҶץ˰Ѹͷ£ľ˼飬ֹⴲ̫ˣո˯ȥȻҡҡλεģҺľͷ࣬һҲ£
˫۴ɣׯеһأ׼ƻ군ˣ
ҶһȵɢܵľҲǹҺû˿˵һף㽫еһľ壬ವһ˳ȥ
ɫϣ˭˵û˿Ӳô
Ҷѡһľͷ֮ź֮󣬲ŻһۣǸȻһЦԼ˵ģҿû˵ͷȥľͷӦһֱֱ
ľͷҪ汻УҲѲƤ״ʧɫеɱڰû˵Ҫȥ淢㣡
ҶһЦһͷǿľͷɣбɨһ۵ӣﰭ˵еĸͷһʧ֣ͻϡ
˵ţ㽫иͷһףһľͷȥ
ۼһľľͷԼֻһڣһҽеѣ
Ҷƻ˺£һӵа޴
ϷŪʮӣҶһŽͳ˴š


96 
ȥҶÿտˮټӻʳѣҲ㻹ȥ
Ϊ뾳磬Ҳ˼ߡ
Ѵ˻֮Ķ壬˫ϵҲﵽʿĳ̶ȣֻһͿͻǣΪһλʿ
ת۶¹ȥ񣬺æеӣˣˣ
Ҷ죬ѯʣԶͭӵĳһ죬һһҽϡ
ʧׯͭˡ
ҶƶǶüͷ˾ˣʲô˵ġ
΢΢üӲ֪ׯͭô
ҶپãȻЩȻѾʤ֪йׯ飬ʲôͭӣ治ô˽⡣
ȴӣͭׯ֮ӣÿͭʱʾׯд·ӷ־죬£Ҳֻ죬ȴ˾죬ɴ˿ɼׯһˡ
Ŷ顣Ҷд棬ׯ׷ʲô飬Ȼ֮Ӷˡ
ҶӣͻȻߣҲȥơ
Դ󾪵ׯĽأ˵ЩūͣЩܹܴҲûʸǰȥġ
Ҷķо淢˴£ͷһۣЦӦ֪ׯʲôطɡ
ͷ壬ӶҪȥô
ҶЦİɣһ˶ţǣģ
²ɷ˵Ժߡ
ׯλׯɽںɽ֮
ɽվ
λһɽ֮Уɽŵ嶥һʯСͨУףԱ߱ǲ׵Ԩ˵նޱȡ
ȻǰвǧףǰƣǧԨСֱ֮޻ֻҪһҪˤ
Ҷֱǰ§סƽذǰȥ
վǰǽ˫ۣЩľҶһ·Ĺ£Ҳ˫ۣʼһ·ⳣѵһ
еһȽϿʯ̨֮ҶŷЪϢ
ʯ̨֮ϣҶ̧ͷԶԶƣʯֱڣļ
Щɽ֮ϣ̬ɰأ֦ͣСֻ֮ͬ
˷ҶԣҲΪ֮п㾰ۣڶʮһͣǾȻġ
ҶԴ֮󣬾һֱæڱ֮Уδܹ˵ʱѵм飬һ··Ȼʯ裬ȴҲܰ
ɽ·㻨˰ʱ
ÿԿվҶԿ·ɽ֮
ҶСԴЦǵ۾ˣ
ϲô˵ۿתվɽ·ȥ
ţѩ׵ϴһ˿֮ɫҶĿȥ˿֮ɫУһʱЩӿֻｫϧһźá
Գһָӣ㿴Ƕ
ҶԣüǰȥֻԶָƮһŽɫ֣ԣСһŵģͷȴšءĪϡϡ
Цׯߴģôɣ
Ҷáߴ塱֣ʱһǰЩʤ鱨ĵߴׯܲѰˡ
üͷæӣôˣ
ҶæعЦû£ֻһЩ飬߰ɣͽȥׯʲôر֮Ȼշɽ֮ϡ
ȴΪѵӣׯǴûū͸ģҪǱǷˣֻ¡
Ҷ̾ϢףѾױūŮһʱҪı͹ֻǲܵġ
°οû£ǾͶԶԲµģº͵͵ɽ͸֪ˡ
һɽȵڡ
ֻɽԼƽףɽ֮нʽķӣɽҲ޽һЩʯֽ
ҶԾɽܣ
Ҷ֣һ·ȥδ㶯
еһõܽǣȴõĹ㳡ϣͷܶǧˡ
ҶһݣȻ֪ׯߴҶï˿ڷ࣬ȴû뵽ߴĵϵԱнǧˣ
ӣô죿ﶼߴĵϵԱûһˣҪױǿݵģǻҪȥô
Ҷҡҡͷδ⣬һô̽˹㳡֮УҶǿôķǳïܣУֻҪ˵·˶ѷһϲ⵹ǸȻĲ֮
ô
ȻҶ֣ȻһδŮ˵Ҷıʲô
ĿУֻһֱΪҶһɵȻׯ٣һܶ࣬Զ飬Ҳδϡ


97 ׯ
˶֮Уһ֮ϣҶµӣҪοһͭһ㳡˵ϡ䣬
ʱֻ㳡мһԼһףֱΪʮ׵Բʯ̨ϰӰһȴԾ档
ֻеһ΢΢ͷǸ߱㻺˳վ̵ߣŰ룬ͭӾ죬Աֿʽׯ顣
ȴ̺һζټĹ㳡֮ϣĴص
Ϸ԰գǸһ桰ĪĵĶ֮УҲһվűϸִ˴ʽǶȻʲôׯǰȴѡѡ֪Ƿ¡
䣬ȴšϡĵĶ飬ҲվһߣӿڵĪϵˣ˵ׯǰȽϷ򣬵һºεҪϷûʸġ
յһ΢΢һЦҲ΢Цׯ겻ľߴ֦ͬϷ⿪һ£˭ûйϵֻҪߴ˾С
յһԣЦϵ⻰ȻȴҲϺһü⿪ѡ¿һ²С
Цø϶治ʧɣϷֱӻˣǸʲô
Ҷ֣ιʲôǿЩͷӺ£
ȻֻһŮߣҲż˵֮£ϸ룬֮󣬲ŵҲǺֻС˵ׯ飬Щ˶ɣ⿪ʽҲ顣ֻׯڰǰͻȻˣһүʱֻԼ˶հģҺˣֻʣСһ˵ˣ
˵գҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ҶȻ޹˶ҪˣĪ˶ˡ
ָߵλϼ֮һ֮֡һһ
Ҷ֪ؼ֮ΪĪ֮ΪĪƽϼ֮Ϊ϶
֮Ϊ죬֮͡
Ÿո˵ֻ꣬ȻڵҿﶼˣһҿģֶŮڳǺβ˵˵
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һ˼ȻڵһΨһжͶʣֶ컼ԼҲ˵һʮ꺢ͯ
ľβȴ˵ףֻǿдȻʮһȣӣҵܵ飬Ͳؼˡ
ЦһЦȻˣϷҲͲٶˡ΢΢һ񣬲תʯ̨ļ̨ŸԻص˶֮С
Ź㳡еˣڵսλٻׯʵôһ·ˣѵۣʮׯкԱ״ξһѵõʢ
˵ĪƽȻȻС˵ˣׯ߼ңߴһš
üׯȻߴ岢УϼһȻ֮ϣһ㣬ֻɽׯԡͿԿ
ҪĪƽ֮ԣȴҲ͵һЩȻһҶ󣬵ɽׯȴߴһͬģߴϲֶܷ֮
ϼϼҲͷߴ壬ֶܷ֮
溬ɷҧҧݣһһٵλ˵ǣߴһ֦ͬͬˣʧˡ
˵գ̾һſڵҸǰȻׯһҵҵԼҽȲѣŮִ֮ׯꡣ󲡻֮λ˭һȥ֮á׵ЩܵĿѣۿһȣһѪҵܴ˴ҽѴЧԺҵΣҲܵˡ
˵ţĿɷĿ⣬ɨ㳡
֮Уɢһλߵľѹ㳡֮ϣҲûκ
ҶȻԭô˾ֻΪһׯľʽٻΪׯʲôˣ뵽ȤҪȥ
̼㳡еĸ֮Լѹ
ʱֻһŻɻСӴȺ˳
ʯ̨еһеݵǰӡׯӡ֣ׯڰ˴ׯӽҪ׳ΪΣ֪𣿡
Сӵ˵ͷཱུС֣ҪӹУһ˳ڵ


98 ƹ
˶һתͷȥֻһŽۣݿε꼸Ծ䣬վʯ̨֮ϣ̹Ц´ĪһĪҵĪΪׯһְ¹ش󣬲˲¡
һüһɵɱ䡰ߡһŵĪ⻰ȴʲô˼ĿƣֱĪ
ĪȴΪ΢΢Цһׯׯؽͷ
˻һǧһƬȻʱ˿
ҲԷһ̶Цҳԣ⻰Ҳ˵ôĪ˵ףׯׯεɭϣҲ֪ģ
Īȴûв̻вζЦĪԣȴиоݵģȻ̳ׯ֮λСһ߸ׯǲᷢʲô⡣ׯ˶֪СѾ뵶ұٱָΪˣҾ˵֪°뵶ұٱӡν޳ȥŮˣóȥˮĪС¼޵ұٱ֮󣬻ܼܹׯûĸһʮ޶ܹׯӴļҵׯһжķһʮĺͯϣׯҲᰲİɣʱׯһ¼ûõöˣׯͷСֻһҲΪׯˡ
֮ԣȻֻƾƲ⣬ȴׯ֮ĵġȻŭգĪ޵ȴҲ÷
ֻǿŭ𣬲ɫȻͲĪӹˣ¼޵˵ұҲᰲһָܵģׯһ֮·
Īȴϵдһ˵ЦҲգСԣ¼޵ұ֮ǰȰһвŸɵ˸ܣһ£С֮⣬Ҳδʲô˿ӵݲŸѽ
ʱվߵһĸ޿̣ǰһ߽еĪССһĪҵĵϵӵܸҶСսׯô
ĪһЦᣬ֪СߵĵһָʱΪСս½첢սСȨֻΪׯ룬Ҫ֪ׯڲҵڶ࣬˵Щū֮˵ׯĵϵԱûһǧҲа˰٣ׯĶһҵкĿȥׯλʥ
ĪһۣЦ±СаţĪӹģׯҲ˵ͣܶ͵ģû飬ʯ̨ʯ̨ɲվĵط
Ī΢΢һЦתӣȴʯ̨Ź㳡˹ֵλ»Щ˵˵СЩ治ÿأ
ǸüͷһĪӣǲĻˣ԰գѳ嵶ֻһ£㽫֮ն̨ϡ
ȴ粻˻֣ʾǸջسȴѰ˼ȻĪҵӣƽǳ˵ׯĪҲΪ͵ôձ˷
ԽԽɻһۡ
ؼ֮Ҳߴ֮У֮⣬Ȩļ塣
ǽ´è壬˶ȻҲǲ֮һԭ̬ϿʲôҲ֮ɫҲ֪ĪӳǳϷ
һĻ̲ɵͷŭϺ꣬㾡װԽԽ˵й
˳Ǹǰ̩ɽǰҲ¶ɫɽĪһķ֮٣ȴ¶˲֮ɫ͵Ĵ˵
֪³Ϊȴֲʧһҷ緶۴ĪۣȻĪӣл˵ù˼ʲô
Īʱת̹ЦлСĴȣ֪ǰׯڲ֮ǰΪѡʮ汸˲šʮˣÿһ˵ĲŸɶ࣬ǽ׼ܼ̳ׯ֮λģ֪Ƿ£
дǼȸܣ뼸ŵùļ֮⣬֪ܶĪһׯ֮λ˻ܣȻ֪
ĪǴʲôط֪ܣ
Īһڲڼ飿
뵽һǽɾʹѰˡ
δ𻰣ȻڵׯΪׯѡôʮˣׯׯܵΣӶĺ֡ׯԳ֮𣬾ͻԳմׯΪ룬ѡôʮˣԾС¼޵˵ұҲصû˸ׯ
֪Լѱ˵ƣ޷˵ʲôֻõͷǼҸǰİţشӦòκɡ
Ī̾ãׯȻӢ䣬ȻǰΪׯԤ˺·ôйׯׯһλҲˣ
˵Īȴ̣Ц


99 ׯ
ɫԽʲôĪ㻹ҵǰľ߲ɣɱ⣬ֻҪĪͷԴ󲻾֮նĪû˻˵κл
Ȼ˿ĪȴĿǸյЦʵҲׯѡʮ֮һɣֻ֪֣ʮ֮УŵǸΡ
Цҵѡʮˣ߸ĲŸɣֻ֣ȻŽǰׯҪһʤȻˣֻҲǷǳѵġ
˭֪̻䣬ĪȴЦſޱȡ
ͷ΢ݣЦʲô
ĪϴǸһۣɫǲмĻɫҲŽǰׯΪׯѡ˲ô˲ţҪҲգ
Īŵ졣
̿ĪΣЦ˵ĪʤùȻˣ
Ī̬Ȼ֮ڣذ£
ȻССһĪϼӵܣȴԲѣԼûȵ̲סݳȵ֪ļһƣ
ȻƣĪȴֻһͬһĳ
Īһ̺֮ĪѹȻʧɫһɷǳֲϢһѾƬռ䣬Ӷѹסˣ
亹ȻôҲûϵĪᣬȻд˵Ⱥ˵֡
Ҳǲ֮ȫ֮£ȻĿơ
֪ʱֻˢһĪӰһ㣬ȻǰδȻжදѾһƺݺݵؽɨ˳ȥ
裡
Եĳ裡
ȻоѪӿⴴҪǱ׾ٵĻܣʵڱҪ
Īм˿ǵɵӰһۣ˫Ŀ¶Ĺâ
ٴΡˢһƵһȻǰһŲϡ
ꡣ
һ죬ĪȶȻǡ
һֱϵҶҲҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵Ĳʵ̫ˣʲôĪŶԣǴŰ
˵۾ЩѪȲбľѾͷٿЩΪ
ģҲġĪƺϲˣ˵ȳţȻĽŹҲѶദ
˪ٿ̤һ
ĪȻһЦս˺˼ֶ
ŭֻǽһ֣Ҳ̫ݶ˰ɡ
ĪȻղֻдһôһΪҪ뱾ˣ
ȻȻ֪Ķ֣Ӿǿ϶棬ڵϵȻĪģȻղҪһУ
Īȴụ̂ЦЦˣСһ󰮽汻ˣ㵽ûʲôСϿɾ͹ȥˡ
ü䶸Ȼ͸һɱһŮһߣͳׯ࣬ԦȺۣüɵĪԼȨ
һ³˭֪ȻĪԣĿˣͷȻϵƣһԾٴĪ˹ȥ
ʱȺ֮УһɫӰٿһΣҲûζӹɣȻǰ̾ܣ°ɣ
Ȼ̨ɼĻǴΥġ
Īͷݣ֪һУʱЦð˲ׯϣܵǵȲݰֻ󼺣
ɷ繰ֵܼ׾ĪӼЦˣĪһĳҲúܣղײգվĪֽһ
ĪЦ˵˵ʮ֮УʵеһˣĪĳȨԽʯһׯѡ˲ţкι֮
ɫһ֣롣
԰գǻóһӰɷ˹ȥ
ʯһ˾ž޵һȭһȭӰһӰ
ɷĶ֣ĪĿҲһ˿и֮ġ
顫
㳡ɷ˫˸һ˿ĺâ΢ճȭֱӭȥ
߼ĳν֣ʱһĻǣǿĽΧ˵
֮۷ԾƣŹˡ
ɷʵ֮ǿׯһ֮УǺպģһῡܣҪȻׯҲѡΪߵǿˡ
óʵɣʵ㣬ҵĶ֡ɷһȭ֮󣬲ûٶ׷Ī޾ƣһ콣һ㣬ˡ
һȭ֮󣬲׷ĪĪϸܵһ˿в


100 ٰ
ȻȻһ֮оˡĪóӰȥӰٴ˳ֻǣ˿Ѫ
˴ʧɫû뵽֮ǰǿĪȻһ֮УͱɷѪ
ǸӾȵǣս֮УĪȻʵ
ԶȻԼĴĪ֣ȴƽ
ǰΣֵ֮ǰԼҰĪ֣֮ȷĲԩˡ
ΪֻԼĴεǿ󣬿ھҲĪɺ֣ڶԷ֣֮ҲȻˡ
ҲĿǰηɷϣӴˡ
ԱЩˣҲд㣬ȫųд򶷵ˡ
ҶһпУкƽû˿
ȻĪַǳ̵ˣǰׯһֱûйķǷ¼һȻҪһ˵ĵز
Ǹɷ֮ò£ҲǸǷ
սˣƾУ죬˵Ƕüޱȡ
ɷ˫⣬Ѹ׵һ㣬һȭƲɵ
ĪƮһ˵Բ׽м
תۼ䣬ѾϰУȻһƾеӡ
Զ弸ӵܶ뼺
Ị̄ͼС
ɷׯһִĪһֱ񣬿ܾǼɵˡ
ⳡֻ»ѷֳʤ
ٴһ˺ɷЦ㼼ֹڴ𣿡
ĪĮĪ񣬾Ϊ˽գ˭Ҳֹң
ɷ緢һЦʵׯ翴ĲˣҪȻҲʮˣڣսԽˣ
ɲǼ䣬ɷ绺ĳ˫סɣȫȫȻȫȻ볤֮Уڶʱڣƴ
˼ɱʢĵ֪һȻ
㳡еˣҪĪӦɷһ
пͷϣȻЩѧʽȥģҲȤζһԵҶüͷɫ
´֣ʵôˣׯΨһﵽūεߣĪǵһô
Ҷ̾ϢһЦǵǣۣһͽ߶һҲô
ԵŶһȻˣüͷʲô
ҶҡҡͷʱǼ¡
Ϊ죬ǰֶ󣬲ԽǿʤԽô˵ⷬ
æʵӺγԣ
ҶҡͷٴʽҲҪ˳׼Ԧ֮󣬲ܶãóȻûյʽֻ·Լ˿ɳ֮
⻰ֻƶǶ޷ǻ
ҶҲûЩ
˵䣬ֻɷȻһŭȣŭ֮ƿȻĪ˹ȥ
ۿɷĳȻϾɳҶѽ˾һƬģ֮С
Թۼվýˣɨˣ⽣Ρ
ն䣬Ҫ»Īݳһ˿Цݣƺʲôıк֮С
ڴʱǷɳʯʵأ˭Ҳѿ峡е
̵ŮȻһС㣬˿ɷΪСսĪȻȻɷܻʤ
䡱һ죬Я֮£涼һ£޲ϱɫ֪ⳡսҵ˭ʤˡ
һ󣬹㳡еĻҳ£¶ʯ̨һ龰нţæʯ̨Ͽȥ
հƮϷɣ⣬ʯ̨֮ϣֻɷ־ųһˣȴѾ̽Ī֮У
ӣѡĪɱˣôܡ
һĪϼӵܣ䣬Ȼңһ˵ɵĪϼӵܾȻһ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ⷴһĻ˶ɶĺУͷԡ
Ҫ֪ĪĪϼѵһţĪɷһĪϼ˾¶ϲ֮ɫʵ˷˼
ܿ˾֪ĪϼΪλ¶ɫˡ
ֻꡱһ졣
ĪؿڵĳȻѿһӣ̶ѿԽԽһƬʯ̨֮ϡ
ʱֻĪ¶΢Ц֣ˡ˾һ𣬶ʱɷеĳһѷĩ
ɷ糤٣һʱ˫ʧɫҵޱȣ˿ͷжϽĬȻ
ոǡۡһһѪ
˱ʣĿɿڴ𾪲ѡ


101 Ҿ
ĪɺޣһĪɺޣȻǿɷ˲ǵѪ¶һѪ˿ѩ׵ݣЩɲ
ΪׯĲɷһǿţѰ˵һҪĽˣɾһҲĪ
ɷ׵еĶϽһʱûվȣʱ˺һΣһæǰһѷסͷ죬û°ɣ
ɷھ粢谭֮ҡͷû£ĪˣֱӣĪһֵû뵽¾Ȼһͽߣĳķڷ
Īüɫ죬һҲЦл㣬ҪллСɣҪ֮ǰһҲܴһˡ
һ£̤ǰһüĪ֮٣ֻǳǳϷ
ĪɻСѵǳǳϷô
һ㶣ҹ볪ʲôϷ㷽֮ؽӶĴˣڳĸλǿģ
תƽϼׯׯģ˵Ī֮ǲǳײ
ƽ΢Цȷǳײ
ЦһĪȻϼ˵ײĪʲôֶΣ춼õΪֹˣׯׯ棬ݲð˽ס
Ī΢ЦƽȴٴοڵСˣ˵ȷ˳ײû˵˾ĪӰĪճɽׯеߣҿûׯһ
Īƽ˹֣ǫˣֶȻһߣ󻹵ÿúˡ
ɫ΢䣬ƽΣֿ˿Īˣ⼸ȴǳĬ
̺εȴɲǼѾŪȥָݣȻλ֪ΪҪׯĺɽ֮ٿô
һЦͦվֶŮһȴͿһʱֻûгֵ׼ͻȻô
ɫ䣬ɲǼ䣬ֻһӰɽȵܣЩֳֹңңɽȵˣ˼㡣
㳡ӵȴһãȻ֪ʲô顣
һӣЩֳֹӰʱû
һĻɫٿزҰףѹסͷŭЦشֻ֪ػЩ㽫ˣ
Цֻʱѹˣָǰݣֻǲܵˡ
ƽ˿ҲվӿڵΪһ죬һܾˣ
Īһۣȴ΢΢̾ϢһѾûˣҲˣׯΪѪѡĸߣҲЩ֮ˣһ߶ûУȻˣׯҲӦûһׯˡ
̲ס˵˵ѵЩǱׯɣ
ƽЦׯׯļҵðǽ˵Сδ˵꣬ؿһʹȴǱһ߷˳Ƽγ֡
ƽһۣеһҡʮ̡֧
ɷǰһĳʱЩһһˡ
תȻɷ磬׷ٻҾˣҲһһΪһᡣ
ɷԣӻȡһƳɵźװãüȴ¶ԥ֮ɫ
Ҳ֧װĴڣһȻ֮ϣҾֻһĵϵӵܣһų׷ǺеˣҾΧɱ
ʱֻһֱûж⼸ͻȻǰЦðֶŮҪׯΪʿɱʯѽׯֻѡһ汸ׯһ볹׻ׯҪҾҲٶȥˣҪɱҪУǶϤ㡣ָָЦǸһЩȱͬͬǵġ
һȴ΢΢üͷΪһׯ֮λҪʯ٣Ӵׯɢô
淢飬ֻ¾ǵµĸҲĿɡ
ˤ˵ķ֣ǰ߽еֶŮ֪ǼͷӣΪҪĻһ죿浱Ƕׯ֮λ𣿡
һ٣ֻΪ治ׯѡׯ֮û˸ׯĻһ
ŭ˵ʲô
ЦǺ˵ôǿһĻҵ㸸ȥһ̾Ͷˣǻȵգ֮ѡ⿪ӱׯǴ˾٣ȫֻΪׯİҵ
Ŀ亮䣬ЦʲôΪׯİҵ˸ǲٺôɡ
һ㵣۽ǵⲻƳ


102 Լ
̿һĻ΢΢Цһۣ˵ǹʹ˻֪е˵꣬ƽһۣмƽҲֻ˼ҵһöӣΪԼжô
˵ĿתΨشһƣǸ棬һİɣ
ȴǵȻһЦû˿εһжŪģⲢΪԼ˽ףȴһѾˣȻˣһƾʲôҪռׯ֮λ׻˵ĺãׯ֮λ߾֮һռׯ֮λʮˣҲӦ˰ɣĪĵ£ԣ뵱ׯǴ´ˡ
һ֪Ǹȷûϵ˵ãԼһУΪϼλĪϼĪλһΪׯİҵѽ
΢ЦƽˣҲɫ
ĪЦһǰһСҲ߯С֮ƾ֮ˣʵֻһΪׯãĪҪǿλԸׯѪɺӡʵ˵˵ȥһ˵£λΪׯ֮λӦ߾֮ΨԾܷ֮ˣɳΪׯׯǰϣʤһУСҾٺׯѡׯ˲űһѧˣӴ˾ᣬĪһЧһȻ֮ϣҲʤׯˣǾˣСҲ˰ɣ
⼸仰˵ôȻԵúǹ󣬳ҲǷ׷׵ͷ
ۼȥһŮ֮Ů磬ǿƣҲĵ̾˿ЩĻ
ȴСӴĪ磬ҲׯˣǲҪԺסԺѽĪ磬ҺϲǸԺӣܲܲᡭ
ĪСӵͷ΢Ц㲻õģĪ˸񵣱һóׯ֮λԺҲġֻǣһԿ׵ýȻҾҲԺׯܡ
Ц¶βˣ˵˵ȥΪҾҾһ˽װֻҲƲǰɡ
ĪȴЦͲСˣʵ⣬ȫԲׯģǿԽׯλøܵׯ֮󣬶Ҫһڸ涼ܸˣ֪СΪƾڵĲŸɣûʸ䵱ѡˣ
̼ȥȻǴšЮ⣬ҪĵܵܵׯһʱŭɶĪģǲ̫˵㣡ߣҸ֮ʱѡҵܵ˲ţǴӸп˵ģҵҪ㵽û£
ͻȻǰ˿ԣǵ˵¶˴οˣ㲻֣ܳΪߣҪֻ֣ڳˣû˻Ķ֣
û˵ȴĪִЦɽׯԴӳ֮ѵŮ˲òɽׯκ飬û˸սڶµׯ棡
ĿĪɫҲЩ粻һţѵбβŵСͲ֣˵ģ˵⣬Ĵĩ·ׯ֮ȥ˵ӦԵķӣˡ
׵ĺܡĪȻһЦʱ˷ֽЦ±ɣˢˢˢдԼʮӵ㣬ֽţԴīݵǰСһ
ϸϸĪһۣŽӹֽţϸϸ鿴
˵Ŀ⣬ƵīδɵֽϣΪҶ֪һˣ㽫ǾׯԺ˵Ĺؼ˶ȲҪݡ
˴Լʮӣϣ˿ȫһ˲䱻һ㣬β˫ۣһߵ˾ͷĪû뵽ĪҾˣҺľҲֻ뱣סׯĻҵ֮УһŮ˵ĳɾͣʼ޵ģĪƸһӴԺҵܵĸ
˵㳡ϵˣãоĪһʹҲǸ˵
˼Σ֪Īӵвţ˸ׯׯһչҲ˵
һʱ䣬֮˷㳡֮ϣҳһѷ䡣
Īô꣬һˣóԸпνǵ֣뵽ԼԳΪׯĻˣʱЩ飬̹ЦС㣬նеˣ֪Ƿ⵶ұŻ£ǲ⣬ҿׯ˵ǰұΪŻµġ
ǿȻȻԼׯˡ
ԣ΢һȾЦΪҽұĻԼ


103 ͻ
Īɣظű֤̲סŭҪΣұҲǵ𣬲Ҫ֪
Īԣʱһ뵽ұĿ֮ʱһͨ죬Ҳ˵ȥԼղŻɫϡ
Ȼˣûһ˶ֵջ󣬵ҲҪ˭ŮѽұٱŮˣԼҲ죬ǻˡ
һʱ䣬ĪѪҲҿһۡ
̼ģޣЦĪӣղⷬ׳뵶ұٱһģţʱֽܻһˡ
Īʱ޲Ҹضֱ̰вĻҲֻڨЦСҪʰˣǧҪ棡
˵գǸЦѡ
֪ĪЦ֮δһ˵˵飬ˣȻҲܳΪׯׯĸߣҶׯߡ
Ī˺Լŭûŭȡ
ȴһŰɫ£꣬ƷǷĴɽȵһ˳˫Ź㳡ϵˣЦׯҲˣ
ᵭƣǸûׯ˷
㳡еˣû꣬ɴһ˭ظֻׯ
һʱ֮䣬㳡ϵˣʼͷӶ
һʹĪһʹ죬ҶŴ죬ĸƣһǴʲôطðġ
ĳԤ˵ģȴû뵽Ȼ˽ȵˣǻڶʳ
òиԼĻᣬȻ֪ʲôطðļһˡ
Ҷϲ˰ĵ㣬񲻰ײˡ
Ǻǣû뵽ׯ֣ɽׯһǴ˲ѽ
ڴ˿̣һζڸ֮⣬ɽ֮УֱӴ˹
о̺ζɽׯ֣㳡ϵˣ˲ɫ
Ͷһۣɫ˲üΪ˺ԥֱֱɨɽ֮
һֱϿֵҶɫ΢䣬漴΢̣˵֮У˼ֻ֮⡣
ĪɫΪΪ֮ʣȻֱţâɱ¶
ǺǣɽׯһشҪ֡ͳԶԶɽ´һӰȺ󣬳ɽ֮С
һɫۣȻȻɢһλߵƣׯ֮أҲδ㡣
˵ˣӦþɽׯׯ졣
һˣһݵˣһĿĵ˰̣ɫȥΪɲ
μׯμʦ塣ǰȵǼˣ԰Ϊףһ
ׯ԰˰֣ʾⲻض漴ȹ֣Цɽׯ֮һλͣʵѲҵһλ¡
ﻰׯˣ˫Լӳ٣ҲҪճеġһȴҲû϶˵ʲô
Ҷȴ㶣ʲôԼ
ɽׯһģ
뵽ҶߵѾͷ˼Ҳæ˵˵ڼʮǰɽׯׯȱһһɽׯΪӵȨ֪˶ٳѪս˶ӵܡɽׯȱȥɽׯܻܿΪôһƴʯ١ԾͲ˱ȶķʽӵȨֱȶÿͻһΣǰЩׯ˱һֱѹɽׯҲһֱռǴɽׯڶֻׯжǴˡ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷطʵκοԴУĴȴѾĩ·
˵ЩͬƷһܣǸҲʼӵ
ԴʱĴѾʵˡ
һڵԴʧȥ˹֮Ȼߵ֮
Դҵ֮УһǳصľʣҪȻɽׯׯҲΪһƴܾˡ
ĻҶףҪкϷˡ
ԭΪһᣬǸһ߳ׯȨĵľɽׯɱֻҪ仯ˡ
Ͼɽׯʵ˵ڳƽ״̬ҪȻɽׯҲôˡ
һ֮ǰڿѡׯ֮£ҲҪʱѹˡ


104 ֮
ׯڹ㳡վ֮ɽׯӵܿǰղŹ㳡Ϸ֮һ
ׯ˵֪ׯׯΪԼĶʮߣܸׯʱɫɵȻޱȡ
Īׯʮ֮еȻ֮Ҳֻ΢΢¶Ȼ֮ɫɴ֪ĪƵɷҽ֮֮жʱԳ֮ɫ
Ƭ̺󣬴ЩϢȫ֮ׯϱٿֻЦϷһȴǴһĺϷ֪ĪܷгĪӵܳñׯʶһ£ׯ֮㡣
Īԣ΢漴Īׯɡ
ǣסĪԣɨվİһۣ鵭ȻׯĪׯ
Ȼһɽ֮ׯȴǲ͵˰еͷжβɸ˼֡
ׯ΢ЦȻĪϣκЦԳȣϼѣܹɽׯׯֵұֻ֤ҪĪԸͶɽׯұ㲻ϧһдۣȫׯ֮ׯׯ֮λ֪ĪǷԸ⣿
ׯȨ֮̽٣ȴҲ͸еʵ뷨
㳡֮ϣԣȴ̲סݺһɼ٣ǰıͿĪûҰˡ
ׯأĪĪӵܣתͶɽׯĿܡ˵ѹΪׯׯĵһ˵һ֮£֮ϣȫûбҪٶׯׯ֮λɫׯֱԵ
ׯҲգֻǵЦĪԼӦҲ֪һû䵽εȵزҾĴڣԶܳΪׯˡҲɽׯȫ֣ԸһҾǲģôĪӣ뷨ʲô
ƽĶۣ˵ĪҶⷬջ֮ʱҲǷǳ⶯ģϾ˿Ī⣬޷ֵҾѹ
˵ׯ֮УгɰǧߣĪȻһǵͽҲܸҾа塣
ɽׯĪ޽⣬ôƾĪȫлǶׯׯ֮λġ
ҶȴǲµĪ⶯ҲǲͶɽׯģΪĪȻž޴Ұģȴɵ
˿ׯߴϵӵۣԼΪһ˽Ͷɽׯɽׯȫµׯׯ֮λ
ԵȨ£ׯϲֻᷴ»ʮֱͶ֮١
οɽׯⷬͼԷֻǴĵϷŪԼһͷ˴ĲҪֱɨء
ƾԼׯĵλڼİ£ЮȫûģֺαطҪǸׯ֮λ
лׯĺ⣬Դׯһ𣬾ѾԣԶׯġĪͳȴᶨ
ׯԣ鲻䣬ĪһۣͻȻЦĪ˸öӣʵĽϷǰһǹׯ֮񣬶ΪһȣǴĹ⣬ׯҲʱиˡ
ׯǺ⣬ɽׯ˶֪һȣϴȣŸոչȥꡣׯ˿̵ҪٰȣɻԶԶʱѽѵɽׯ׼˺ٹׯȱµԼɣԣɫ΢䣬ֱӳ
ˣׯɽҪٰһȵȣմȡׯ˵תͷϣɽׯµ鶨ĺԼóׯĸׯƣҲӦܾǡ
ǣׯԣӻȡһֽ飬һӣ֮Ʈǰ
ȴǺԥӹֽ飬ͷ鿴һ־֮ɫ̧ͷׯЦɽׯҪ
ׯ΢ЦԼˣѵмٲɣͿׯûݺԼˡ
ϸ磬һʲôĺԼܷҵһۡƽ˴ʱҲеֽǳ档
ãȻɽׯᣬׯ͸ҽӣǡλڣɽׯıȶڽգΣҩâһׯеݵ಻˵С
ƽ˿֮ȴϲǣֱ飬һ͡
ׯׯı飬â΢ݳһ˿ЦȻׯĸûǴ¾˵ˡ


105 ׯ
ʱҶҲڵ֮Уֽϵݣ
ԭֽǴӵȨѵù㳡֮ϵ𶯡
ΪǴЩÿ꣬ɽׯһӵܶҪһȶɽׯʵ˴൱ЩҲʤ
αȶȴǲ֮ͬⳡȶʤһӵȨһ򽫳ʧȥһ
㳡֮ϣׯߴ壬֮䣬Ȼб𣬵ôڣȴҲׯڲԼ顣
ɽׯ޼ɵһʱ֮䣬ׯȴǰδеŽ
֮ǰмȺĴŮ˿Ҳʱе˽ûԲɽׯıȶ¼
ΪҲףׯߴڶһԺֵΪ˼ҲŪķ
ȻΪݼҲֵѾŤһ𣬲Ҵ𡭡ǵԺҲͽʱΣֵҲ÷ĳɼһ¶⡣
̨ʮɣͨɫʯ̾ͣڹ㳡м䣬Ȼɽׯȶ֮ء
˿̨̣ܱʮɷΧڣѳμվ
˫δʽʼȶһεƣȴѻγɡ
̨࣬ׯɽׯңңԣ˫ӵЩˣҲ˲ٳ˴֮䣬ҲŲٳԹ
մս֮ǰ˵ϣðɭɭɱ
ɽׯսΣأͲظˣһ֮ʱԲΥ߷ϳ㣬һǧҽһ
ɫȻȻսڼȴûа㲻֮⣬ݳǸ̬Ѱ޷ӵеġ
ׯԣЦһû˵ʲô
˷ɽӵܣǰһˣɽׯҲ
شĻǶסˣ¾Բʹɱ֣һɽׯţ
ׯ԰գʱһϡ
֮ǰȽׯǸ١
ʱɫȻδȫȻûӦׯĸ룬뱧ŻеĳͷĿ
飬ׯвûκηŭ֮ɫȴǸֿЦΡ
ʮϣӡ㻹Ƕ෬һϾׯҪǳҪ¶ˡ
ׯܷģҶӦзִ硣ɨǸһۣȻϸο֮ɫ
ӣʾѣȲϴ˵ЩҲһһ˽ˣѾڶΪɽׯׯ
սϣסҪɽׯϡׯĿٴǸƿ΢ɨӣ漴һŻµꡣ
ԣȴ΢΢һƺû뵽ԼһϣصżԾʯ̨
ɽׯָ̣ʯ̨֮ϣԹ֣˼㣬ܹɳͷߣȻǸ򵥵
üͷ΢壬漴ڵ˽Ӧסй޹СĽһЩ
ǣؼӵ֮Уһʮ߰˳ǶһȻתһʯ̨վɵĵط
˿̾¹ش˫û̫΢һ¶֣ȡϵսһ
ɽׯ֮һͨɫĳ֮£ʱâ˸Ȼһִı
ͺһг˲ʮɫâЩɫâ˲䱬֮
ɽׯӵһ֣ȫʩΪǴҪһּǿƵķʽӮⳡȶˡ
ȻׯԣһʵȴҲǲףؼһӵ֮УҲϺŵ
һ߱ޣ϶صַǸһʱ䣬ǲźۼս֮н̺߱Ķͷų
ʱ򣬼Ķ֣ҲҪ߱¡
ɺȻǷǳ˽ж߱޵Ĺ֮ûиʩչ˱޾ʱ䣬ֱɱС
нп죬ȫǿ߱޴ƴģǲܼеĶʵȴƽƽ档
ȥڶԷмֲ˼غˡ
Ͳ룬Сˣ˵Ѿ˶Էδ֮ʣȴѴӻһ
ʹ֮ɫȴǺݺҧҧ˲佫飬ţëϸ뽫ûڡ
飡飡飡
һ֮ɫâǻɢˡ
˿¶ּЦǻҰöرңϣЩˡ
һĻȴǵļЦ˲佩Ӳ


106 ս
ֻЦѣȻѾţëϸס
Щ֮Уȴаâɴ˿ɼڴ˵ϣĳĻףҪȻԲƾ֮롣
ףׯôֱʣֵּǧ𣬾ȻȱﴩһôɫĺϣͲ±ȥ
ɫޱȣıȶѾûκˣԷӵ˱ƴҲǲʤԷġ
ׯԣȴǵȻһЦشֱҲǲСѽǸ״İһҲֵϰٵرҰɣؼҵӵһоϰöرҡݳ޵Ĵ򷨣ɽׯҲĪģöرң㹻һĿ֮ˡ
Էļһ
ֻһѳѲ׵ף¶ףʹκηֶΣȻɱ˹ȥ
Ĵ򷨣ȫû˻֮
ֻ꣡һ
ӲһƳ֮󣬽ֹǸˣжʱһҺ
һׯ䣡ɫһӣؼҵӵܷɿʯ̨ȥơ
ٺ٣û뵽֮ٴξȴɽׯʤһЩȶȣȫȻ෴սѽׯɫȴﺬ⡣
ׯȻ˵һϣҶϵС죬һľ֮ɫ
СѾͷĿУׯ죬ƬͻȻһǣԣûֱӴϵȥܿɹˡ
˾ȣһ˫֮໥̽ԷʵҲֻʵǿߣıȶصڡҶСѾͷԴʾⲻöٴʧɫ
·㳡֮ˣҲ˴˿
ϸ磬ɽׯȻб϶жׯӵһ飬˲˽ǵĸԵľղǸСһս֮ʱȫ֣һݹ֪ﶾ߱޵ص㣬Ӧ˭
üͷ΢壬ȴˣЩ˶ׯׯĺ֣ǵ֣ׯڲҲǺ
£Щϳ֮٣
ȻҲһ㣬˵ͷֻׯµ˳սˣϵܣ֮ǰҹȻΪ֣ӦԶԸˡ
̸ⷬȴû̵ˣȻԣȴǽĿɨ̡
һĻ΢ԥ֮󣬲ŻͷȻȥսڶͺãҪǿ
ǣС㣡ȻоһֱԾʯ̨֮ϣȻҪָҿԵ㣬ȻҲѡֱ̨
ܵԷƣҲһԥͷս˿̨ҲΪɽׯ˲СĹ͡
ٰһˣԼԺɽׯĵλһԺɽׯԼĴҲͬ
ȻѾ¶ϵϾ㱩¶˴ׯҲڶʱҵƽ֮
˼ף˵Ƿ޵УȻǿ࣬Ҳûʤ㡣
뵽ɫȻɽׯûвս˵ķŭһ
һ֮Уתһ֮ϣʱðǹ⣬ȻȻȥ
ȻĿ¶⣬ۿǵâȻϮܣֱһȭȥ
ȭͷסҵĽâǿԴ󣬲֪ۼȻджʱҡ
ҺԼǰûбԷסӶսˣԼϵǹ⣬ȥȻϡɣǶԷĺ޷ǾעҪԸĿͷ
ۿ⼴Ȼȭͷ֮ϣжʱ˿αȶԼʤ֮ǰġ
֪ʱͻ
ֻȻȭͷǽâһ˲䣬ͻȻ˸һâӲסЩâȴֱӺɨ
ֻ飡һ
ڷһҺ֮˾Уֱֱ׳ʯ̨Ѫֱӻ̨ϡ
ɽׯɫһ䣬˷ǰԹȥȥ
ׯˣ뷢һ󻶺֮֮еһЩС֮ȻЩ
ȻȻΪׯĺ֮һȭһȻ˾տܹĵز֮ǰĪӵĽֹУܲҰܣȴҲƶˣһս˲ٵĺôڵ֮ǰǿһֹѽ
Ȼֻ¾Īٶȳ֣Ҳô׾ͻˣׯѡˣ˵ãԸ˵á
ټӰݺݽɽׯ˵ͳͳһ٣ǸҪĪ֣һ˽Щɽׯ˵ˣ
ӣҼС˵ˣ㻹ܴһˣ㻨ǰ£Ӽѽ
ͯıȶʵȤĺܣ˿̣ׯһֱĿİˣȴſ˫ۣȻׯαȶҲʱ˰ɡ


107 ſ
ׯԣ¶ԥ֮ɫ֮󣬲ŵͷҪλúĥһɽׯӵܣҪ³ĥǵļƻֻȡˡҲӦ֪ׯɽׯڳֵʱһִ硣ҪֳǵׯȺ֮طҲֵôģ򲻿
ֶзִ磬ׯɽعݵǡ˵䣬һɽׯӵ־ηУֱ̨̤
ɽׯ֮ڣ㻹վ̨ϣʤˡƽȴһĨ޷ƥơ
仰ģȻŭգ֮ǰĪǰͬ˵ʽĻû߹Уͱ˼Ҹɾĸʰˡ
ɴ˿ͨĪһս֮ʵǴû뵽ͬĻǿ̣벻̡
ȥ
Ȼзһŭĵͺһ˫ȭ˶ȭͷֱ¡
Ʊ֮Ըʱ򣬸˼֣վ̨ȽϽˣܸоһӭ
ʱҶ״ȴаҡͷĵȻҲǹüģǰĪñڶҲǱɡ
֮ʱҶ㷢ִ˴Ĳ򵥣һʵ˵߲Ī⣬ȣҲԶ
ɴ˿ɼҲһﵽ˾ͽ֮ߡ
ͨЩӶׯ˽⣬ɽׯˣʵǿɷΪĸȼ
һΪߣߣǴͨЩȭŹūĲΣûдﵽ˼ҿŻԺģ˳֮ΪԺʿ
ΪߣҲһūߡ
ּߣٶȣԶˣһȫûġ
֮ߡ
Ϊūεߡ
ߣѷ츲صı仯֮ǰѿ硣
Ϊūεߣͽߡ
Īɷ磬˵ȼĴڡ
Ȼ˵һſūľ磬һȴͣڵūĲϡ
ڵȴǻʵλͽ
ĴڣѲܿˡ
ӵߣܹܳ޷Ĵ
ߣǶϳǧͨˣҲǲ塣
ĿǰҲӦô磬бʲôƣ֮ʤԱ֤ˡ
һλͽȻһһūεߣĽȻԶ
ȻۿȻһȭߵ֪ֻֻ̧𣬶Ȼȥ
ֻһӡɢȻȭŸݺݽȻ˶ķ˳ȥ
Ѿٿմ߷λ졭ۣȻһ仰û˵꣬кݺһѪʯ̨֮ϡ
Ҷҳ֣ӦҪгֺ΢̣¶Ц⣬ͻȻһǰֱһȻ֮ϡ
֮꣡
Ȼһ֮£ȫķԹۣǲܼʱƣһǻˣ
ڶѾҺ޵ֿ֮£ڳ´˶֣˵Ĳб֮˶ɫ
ããɽׯĵ̳ĸӵܣݺֶӲǳ࣬һׯ䡣
ͼǰѻѵȻɫˮϸ̽ȻƣС̧ȥ
ȭۣˣѵΪֶӦöׯ鲻ɣׯ䵭ûס
ͿԷȻԼŶԷ˫ֳȭֱҡҡͷһȥ
ΪĶ֣ҪбҴе׼һˣȻſޱȣȴ䵭֮ⷬԳڣȴȻȻ
һֹȻ׺ݲб㣡ڴ˿̣վߵɷ磬󲽶һԾֱӵʯ̨֮ϡ
ɷϳˣ
ΪׯΪصһ츳ԶһҪʺ壬ҪĪҳ˸Īׯһеĵһˣǵ֮ġ
ɷ磬׵ܵܲ㱻ˣҪǲһ󱬣Ϊˣ
ʲôƨׯ˭֪ɷЧҴС֮⣬ľ׵ܵˣܱܵԷݣ
ׯ֮˵Ľȴ¶һζı飬ɷղǷ׵ܵܡٺ٣ֵķϣһὫܵϵͬϵģȫصĻܵƽĴ


108 Ű
ɷԣһɵϣҲʼŤͺһ˫֮ϣʱð׹⡣
׹֮£˫֮ϹžĴֱ࣬ͽȻ䳤˲٣ʮָָ֮ϣ˸ŵâ
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˿̿Լ׵ܱܵòˣҲԣοɷˡ
ҵҪνҵܵƸƵҵϣɷ˫һ죬ɢŵâָףȻӭ
ת֮䣬֮ͻȻָף쳣Ǽޱȣÿһ趯ᴫһͬĦ
֮Ľɫָڿ趯һĻһۿȥ⡣
ȴûаɫǻ΢΢¶ּЦ⡣
ǲʲôرĶȻǵɷٿĳ
飡һ졣
ӡ趯Ľɫָ֮ϣ˫Ǳһ꽻죬ûһɷ硣
ɴ˿ɼɷȷʵҪܵȻǿ١
̶ֻȵĹҲò˵Ǽǳʧ飡ɷ˫һ죬ָ׶ʱƿĴӡ
ƿӡĽɫָɫǷ죬ת֮䣬ͽ˲ŨܵĽɫָ֮С
Լһ֮£ûȡԼԤϵսһ˿ȣȵԷڽɫָ׵ĺ֮ʱЦȻǸݰܵܿԱģ̵ƣҲò˵ϷΪֹˣ
˵䣬һֻֻĳ˲Ū֦һ㣬ߵĽɫָͳͳ˿
ͬʱǶɷһ˲䣬һӰƾ۳Σݺݳɷն¡
ۣ
赭дƵԷһɷ֮УݳѪ˿Ȼν˼Ϊصˡ
츳˲ׯ˰ɣʿӦֻׯĹ¶ֻҪſģͶɽׯҾͷһΣ
ǹмû˿֮ɷ磬һ˵⶯
֮£־΢֮ˣͺ׵ͷ
ȻСɷΪˣ֮ӭֻɷһʮȻס
㻹һȽҵļһٺ٣ûϵҿ㵽ҵ˺̶ֳȣ
˵䣬ȴǰ۾ڻǲݰܵϵжٵ˿ڡ
ţһ˵֮䣬ףͻȻɷߣһӡɷС֮
ֻ꣡һ
ĹǶ˶УɷС֮Ƿǳˡ
ȻǴǣѾӲĳɹǷۡ
˵Ϊһ߹ߣӲĶǣɷŤΣð˿亹¶˼ʹ֮ɫ
ֳŵ棬ŬԼȥȴȴȻ̧ͷѪһƬ
αˣʵֻҪ㿪ģȫĥģţҼǵǵܵܵϻһ˿ڣ
ͣ٣һŲɷ֮ϣʹֻꡱ֮˵ʮָģɷͨУ͸¶ֻѪ֮ɫȫް֮⡣
㻹һӲʱʹˣȴǳĥһ㡣԰գһŶݲһֹֻ֮ϡ
꣡һٴָǶѡ
ô£Ķ֣Ϊƫƫ䡣ûѪȵĳ棬ɷǷģͬޱȡ
˵ĹͷͦӲģ£Ȼּͨ˵ķʽ̼ǱӶͻƣ뷨ǲҲǸɵӣôܻɷ⡣ɷĥǰˣǲ뱻̫ңӦΪҶҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
̫ˣӣܲȥȾǸʵ̫ɶˣ˼ֱһħӻᱻĥġ
ҶݺһСԴСѾͷ֪ǸħȻҪȥˣǲǾҾһܶùǸħѽ
Ҷ̶̵̸֮䣬ɷ˫˫ȶѾȱˣɷͻƣλս
߿֮вѪ˿ЩѪ˿֯ϣ״ҵ˼㡣
ѪâȴԽԽʢɷڷһͬҰްһɼ˵Ӷںɨ
ٺ٣ׯһĵһˣȻıͻˣϧҲվĻᣡ
ʱУҲûϷ֮ɫ෴Ѿɷϸܵһ˿вҪɷûɳ֮ǰһ
ס֣һ䣡ڴ˿̣һͬʱʮӰʯ̨֮ϡ


109 ˸ս
ʮӰ˶ź£ףǿϢɨһˣŵūεս
иʮˣǴﵽūľ硣
Щ˵һͬʣƱɫ
һׯصĸֶ˳ȻѾŭ˼㡣
ʮߵѹλͽҲЩɫף鲻Խſɷ磬һ
ѵҪׯѪɺӲɣׯûпڣһӡ
ͬʮӰʯ̨֮ϣػм䡣
䶢ׯɽׯֶίʵںݶׯӦеĴ
һ¶ּڽ֮ɫɽׯӵܡ̨֮ϿɽׯռϷ磬ƾһ䡮ºҶ̫ЦشϷҲ¸㣬ǸҴЩׯ֮أͲ¸ׯʯ٣еԡ
Ҫвôɫһɺڵɱںɨ
ϸ磬ԴΪأɽׯɱܾ³Ǹʱ򣬱˼˱ˣʱׯҵɾͻһˡ
ȻҲԸʱɽׯĻƴֻ˭Ҳ䲻ãԾܲԸǰȰ
ղҲŭĹģͷ˿ԣԣһһ죬Ϸɽׯ
԰գɽׯش𣬱ֱ˴Ѿȥɷ绺ʯ̨
εʧׯˣʿǵ͵˼㣬ɽׯʱ˿̣ȴʿ߰޲Ҳ³ݺݽɽһ
ֻû󣬵Ȳ֮ɽׯϷҶǳ󴬣ȻҪýׯӺɽĨȥ
Ŷһׯˣһ˿˿ɱЩׯУļȺׯ֮˵С
ΣҲνׯĨʱļ綼ׯĸ֮£ıȶܷ϶پ٣ٹ˼ׯɽĸ룡
ϵ˼ȴׯɽײͬǱֶֶܽ뷨˫ڴ˴αȶ˺ƤȻѪսһ
Ҳ֪룬ԣȴ΢΢ͷİɣΪȥļλֳǾԲŹׯġ
ĵͷ¶ο֮ɫӣҲ޾˼
񿴵ǳɲţ׵ҲΪ֮еȻ
滹˭ϳɣ̬ţңңׯһǱĿɨ֮ˣ¶⣬֮ӡ
˴ԼʮӣһϳЦׯй뵨Ҳûм
ׯһУҲû˸Լӣŵôׯѵ͸Ǵɽׯȥǵ֮ѽׯ֮أһҶֵ˶ûУһΪׯеɱɽׯٽɢĺã󼺡
Ǵׯ˵࣬мʢվ֮һȴߵһסˡ
ȻûнʿУһҲԶˣȥȫ
ׯЩǻ÷ˮ𣬵Ǵ˴αɽׯ¶ȥׯֻ¶·ˡ
ɽׯ˿̸ֵׯһٮٮ߸Ǳ֮ׯǿ̫࣬Ҳÿһȥˡ
һЩɽׯнƸĻ˿Ҳ˸ָ˼
ׯɽ۰ʮ꣬ȴһû˰Ƣ飬ׯʷϻδйɡ
ׯļŵūε˵ǶĿܱЩſ͵ۣ˶Ǳɫ
˴֮ر˶ȥ󣬸һСѹסׯ˵ȴһĴ
ֻҪ˳սһǧöңսǷ⣬ǵļ˽ׯ
һ߳ŵͣһׯһɨǱɨһɫ԰ף̧ͷκλӦ
ѵׯû䵽زɽׯǧˣһ˸һսһ̣ھԼЩıǿЦ
Žտ֮ʣһٶׯĿ֮ȨΪһ죬ѾĻ֪ı˶á
ɾԼɹˣأ
е룬ԼҪģǸ֡
ǽ嶼޳ׯľ棬ֵӦԡߴۣұѹƵ̧ͷ
һĽ߳ׯɽׯͷ̵
뵽У¶ֿЦ֮ɫ
ˣֻǶһֻҪߴ֦ͬͬˣҲδػһɽׯѹס
ʵҲǳչ¶ʵ˵ׯһУһУҲ˿֮⡣
ԭ뿿˺սϿȻԼ뷨Щˡ
Ȳ˵ׯһӵУѾ˵ûûƵׯֶΣҲǲԼ˺սЧġ
ȻˣԼҲûмȥıҪˣϢһشڡ
СŮӻֽһڴ˿̣һͻȻͲסվ˳


110 ͷ
⡭ıȶսϣƺûŮӳԣȴ΢΢һ
Ů˵ĵλǳ΢ͬط
ڴĴͳڴ˵УŮ޲űǵ£ΪһͻݵŮӣӦڼӣߣڴʷ̨ϣٿŮ˵Ӱ
̲òʾѣܹȥİڣƾĸׯľҶҲò
һŮˣһ֮Դʱԣ£ǱȻԶ
֮ǰҲֶ֪ŮֶΣڿʱŻһŮӲܾáѵסˡ
ҪΪѵסţƾ̵ı£֮ǰ֮ϣôıѹô
Ϳʱ۾һĿ΢ȴֱӿڵֻ̣ҪһŽһׯ֮λ
ԣȴü΢壬漴ӣ̴˴γ֣Ϊׯ֮λǲׯһµĻҵɽׯС
ãããѵ㵽˵壬ģղʤǰܣϷ˵㻰չǻ˭һΪѣ͵һӦ
ĵӿһ˿ů֪ǰˣ֮ǰȴһΪׯǰ;룬Ϊѵġ
뵽ʩһ񣬲Żתׯָָ̡̣
ĿԴ֮󣬾Ҳûдƿ۵Ĩ֮ɫ˭ܿװס
˿̵Īɺ޲ý˶̽Ķ̴ӴԺȫȫһˡ
̴֮⣬Σ˶÷ǳĶŵСαҪЩαӳͷˣׯʲôƨѵŮӲܾ֮ϡǼȻ֮ǰƨͨѵѹ㣬ҲѵѹѽС㣬˵ģȷʵеֵͦģΪ߹ߣЩϼһȴƫƫҪѵĲŸɡ
ׯˣԣһǵɫͨ죬һЩſʹı񣬸Щ޵ݡ
͵˵ƤҲһ̡
ʧˣ̱ׯӵܣռɽׯׯȶ֮գ̼ȻΪׯһӣ˷սȴֻǾһɽׯӵܵıݡ
䵭ɴ˿ȴչһķ顣
ⷬĿ⣬ɸΪˡ
һʱ䣬ׯӵ̵ܿ񣬳˻֮⣬һݾ֮顣
С㣬˵˫Һܲ
ҿ㲻ԼȥΪʲôҪСȥðգ˵Сǲն񰡡
Ҳڵģ㾹ȻСǰӣСʲôѵ㻳ӶСһƬģ
ӳ˿дš⡯֮⣬ûġ֡
̳ԭʿޱȵׯһʱͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ȿֺðͷ
ٺ٣Сׯ治Ǹǵİׯ˷䶯жʱֲ֮ɫ
һᣬͷһۣȴ΢΢˵ͷУʱһ˿ϲɫȴһš
ϵݣ̣ɫС㣬ʵһŮϳѲôϹأͬӵͷⳡȴӦˡ
ü΢ӵʲôͷ
Ҵ˷СʤȨׯУҳ֮⣬ɽׯһС͵ĺھ󡭡
һС͵ĺھ󣡡һ仰ߣҲ֮⣬ü΢壬һʱ䣬оֲõԤС
ԷȻó˺ŵĳ룬ǾһͼǷˡ
Ȼ̨ܵˣ˿ȴȫһСͺھϢһˡ
˶Ŀ࣬¶֮ɫ漴ǻΪһƬ̰֮ɫ
ôܣɽׯȻһСͺھ󣡡
ֲɽׯЩķչ˿ׯɽׯӵܳţƴ֣ԭǷһС͵ĺھ󡣡
ʱϿȵҶҲ㱻һ仰ôϵòײסӣȴűӣɽׯ˵ǼΪ죬ҲĴȻܷһС͵ĺھ󡣾С͵ĺھģС˵ҲŪʮϰ˱Ұɣϰ˱ҰҪ֪½ͨ˱ңɾǺھġ
֮УκεطֿԴùͳһɣÿһһڴСķᣬΪޱȷѪꡣ
ڸԴ֮УھǰĿԴ
һĺھ󣬶ֻһЩȽϺĵĵ۹֮УԴƶĴȴǴδֹ
ԣ˿ͻȻҪһھΪͷˮͶһöףըСϺס


111 һԼ
֪ӦóʲôͷˣȻɫȻǸûǴĴڡ
̾Ϊһֻ֮ɫţΪ߹ߣҲΨŮӣ
һۣŽŵСѾΪ˵ұٱδޣԶС㣬Ȼ򲻸ʲô֮ġֻ¶СʵĽ֣Դ˴ξ½һʤҲ󲻶ֻ࣬СһԲ֮ҹһͶѡԵұٱػӦòС㹲һ͵ģµ󣬻Сƴǡ
ģ˵ǲĻˣȻҴС⣡
䣬㳡еˣʱٶ
ׯһӵܣÿ˵Ŀ⿴
˵һ飬СүϿΪˣ뵶ұٱŮˣҲòĵ
ɽׯˣΪ仰޾鷳
СǧҪԥʹӦ˵Ҫ󣬵ʱҿô
ЩׯӵܸȿֺĽ֮Уһ˿Ȼ
ѵׯĺˣԵһȦףȻûһ˿ǾȻҪ̴ӦԷڲҲ𣡡
һɵʧĵׯһŮҲ͸һ㣬ׯȷʵûаϣˡ
һھһȦףɽׯѵͲ鷢ôѵ㹻İգѹׯһ
ȻҲޱȣûϺͿֻҪ̴Ӧ£ڴ˴αȶʧ
ô˵ׯ̵һҲ׻ˡ
ͣ
ĸ֣ɺܲѽ
Ϊϣһڿ𣬻ǡ
ʱֻҪɽׯԶЩֽţ˴һЩһ׾ͽССһ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬵ұۻǷ棬һˮŮ˽ǵұĴˡ
ʧȥ˵ұɽֻϻС֮ͽѹš
浽Ǹʱׯ벻ɢֻҲǲˡ
Գ̵ǣȻܿ͸ɽׯݼģ»ԼȥѡɣаʤԷȻǽԴϲûаʤԷҲ֪µԣӦ״ӦԷҪġ͵˶һۣȴǳĬ
ֱ֣Ǻ֣Сͺھ˽ҲˣǴҲǿɵĲˡΪʲôҪ̡͡ĶԼѵ֪Ůǵұٱδһǻĵұɽׯôܳܵ˵ұŭ𣡡ɽׯһҲЩе΢֮ʱȴǿʼ׷ָ
ɫ΢䣬ׯЩӵܣЩŭЩ׳գҪҶٷ֮һĴŸɣӦΪԼ֪е޵ݡ
ׯһҪֹⷬսѽɽׯڲ尡ɲٳˡ
ЩҪͷɽׯӵܣׯжʱһʧ֮ɫԼɽׯҲǸִžӶడ
΢΢ҡͷǶҪ˵ˣȻֶѾ˶ս;˳οֶǴɽׯ֮ʧġ
·Щɽׯӵܼׯһ˵ȴȻĿ⣬ͻȻɨ˹˶ʱߵĻ˻ȥ
̨ϣ̵ͻȻһ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻڵׯ֪ӵĶԼɽׯǷϿɣ
ׯ΢ĿϣЦͷȻϿɡ
һһϮɫȹӭͻȻڵӣεĶԼӦˣְɡ
ãâһֵȭۣС㣬С㲻ҪұٱǱߣҲСܳһȻСĽ֣ȴ򲻸С㡣
ңÿû£ϻ˵ְɡ֮ɫһ׵׵СˣʵڲԸ֮˵һ仰
ȻС˼ɴǾ͵ˡֹ֮ɫͽ֡
ȴĪһͻȻԾʯ̨ҪСУùزУ
˫֮䡣
վԭأûĪһۣݿֻҪǸˣֻܲˡ
ĪۼԷԼʱŭȵ㿴ң
Ī֣ҿ㣬ֵʵڲʱ򣡡һЦֻһٴιԭλǸûжһ


112 ޹ͷ
Īüͷʲô˼Ҫǲȶ֣¿ɾҪ
ϵ˫ȭͻȻȥ
ȭŭǷͬСɣƿ֮쳣
ׯһӵۼĪվ˳ٸ̺ܵƣȴһϲĪȻΪׯĵһˣڳ
ۼԷԼĪ¶ЦĪеҶСģ
Īľ֮Īȴǲ΢һ㶣վǰ棬ҲûȴСʲô
֪ײ¸룬ʱԾ֮æסǰͷŬ߿ȴܵԼڵһɷ֮ӲӲ˿Ѫ
ͷԼĸۣüСʲô
һɽׯӵЦϵ°׷ͺڷˣųԾ棬ôҪһУ˿ֻѾͦʬˡ
ĪŭȵϹĹۣղҪӽסң˿ֻѾſˣ
ĪŭȲѣ㳡˶Ŀ¶ɽׯˣѾ̲סЦ
һԼׯŮӣȴǸޱȣæתȥײ
һĻĪ㶵ʲô飿
һɽɲׯӵܺЦӼȴûĪ㲻ϵģԴ
Īһæͷȥʱȫһ亹ֻԼһͷѱϣһͷĳȻڵء
ĪѪɫȻֻֿ֣ȣԼһ
һĪĿɿڴһʱ֮䣬һƬհס
һɽׯӵܴЦСͷͦÿģֻ֪ǼҺ
ߵļɽׯӵܶһЦĪ۷׷
Īɫɷף̧ͷ㳡ϵˣֻ˵ж¶ɫ
ԼΪһ죬֪г˶ٿͷ˶ŬͷȻһ
˫ϺԼһ˶У»Īϼİ뵽Ȼ͵ؾ֣ԼͷģҪԾ̨ϡ
㳡ϵˣȻûϵᷢȱʣһʱˡ
Īŭӣնʤ˱ҳ˿һȣԾʯ̨һסĪ֡
뵽ԼֻҪһ㣬ĪòĪ϶һ亹
ĪȻҼˣ輰ţձ裬ϣ
ȫȻĪһƿҪٴơ
Ī֪ӵһʵԶԼ֮ϣƾҲס㼱ȥ
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ֻǵһЦλׯĵһŻǲôأֻһȻƵѰٻǸ˶
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ֻһɽׯЦ˵òļһﶼܳΪׯĵһţׯҲȷʵûþˣ
ǰһ΢ЦҪֵģͿ֣ҲˣС㶯֡
һׯˣɱ¶¼ɵǰׯĵһţ׻ˣ֮ߣǳ˿ɱȣֻʲô˸ϳ
ȴǵȻһֺۣαС֮٣ǶְɣׯӵϳҲˣ
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ղĪ˫֮ݺһЩв䲻͵Ϯζ֮죬֮ȷʵ˺
о̾ߣȴɽׯɽׯΪ
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ֻǴ˿ó֮죬֮ȴԶԶʤɽׯׯˡ
ɽׯղֲͬɸ˵ʩ̡
ӰһţȴΪ˲㣬쳣ׯ񣬴һ˵ֱ֮ĺճ
츳ѣʮʱ򣬱罫ɽׯڻͨ
֮˵̰࣬˵Ĵʵھˣÿѧһţֻȡ侫Լԭе֮Уžȡ֮Դš
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ǿһ䣬ɹˣΪһߡ
ΪߵǴɽׯ޵֣ſ񲻿һӴ˱㿪ʼһɱս
Ժս֪Ҫ׳ɽׯȵý޵ɽׯг
Ϊƻ˴˵ɽׯׯɽׯׯ涨´˴εĶĶ
֪ׯǸЩصĴС㣬˿ɵһаʽҲΪˣһ治̼ׯľӢӵܳ֡
һȴǰнׯӢӵʩչţУҵׯĴС㣬ͨʲôˣΪߵġ
Ҫ֪½ҲǷǳϡٵġ
ڴһҲǳϡٵĹȣ͸ˡ
ɲҲ˵ɽ֮ҵ䡣
ֻҪҵ̼˵ķҪԴҵựΪֳ֮УɵˣׯС㡣
֮ͨǰļ򶷣ׯŵ˽⣬еףһ£ڵҪʱ̡
ֻҪǰŮˡ
ӴɽׯѹׯΪںɽһ
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ʱڴ֮ϣۼĪҲòҰܣҪСԾ˸̲סС㵣
ҶЦô̻ܸ
С죬ֱСķΪׯūͣǡ
ס֪Ǵ󲻾ڪɿһæתƻ̵Ůܷȡʤ


113 ޵֮
˳ƺԼСķ̲סߵһЩã龰ʱȴǾСΪʲôñǿнġ
µ̵İΣһʱ֮䣬ҲҶ̵ٶ
ҶµɨһƣЦΪäĿдôϸ̵·ˡ
ԣʱĿȥȴǷ·ŵӫ⣬̲סһС·ôŹ⣿
Ҷ¶֮ɫ۹⻹·ϵӫ⣬΢ɲ죬֮ȻƳСѾͷĿȴϬ
һΪ⣬С·ЩͬѰȴҲô֮ãȻӣܲ˵㰡ҿһҲס
ҶյĶᴵ˿ָȥϸСס
ţʱҶһۣʲôҼС㣬ӦǵС㡣˵⻰ų̵Ͽȥֻһͬƽҡͷûвһ
ҶСԴֺЦٿϸ㣬עǼ֮УǷ̵Ӱ
ȥʱһС㵽ʲôطȥˣ·Ʈڰ֮Уôȴˣ
Ҷͷûٿ򡣡
üȥȴʯ̨֮ϣĴǼ׵ĻӰ̱ˣȴʧˡ
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һ󣬶ʱǿСӰǡǲǴʱҲСӰ
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˵Ҷݳһ˿ĪЦݡ
˰й
ھսڶһ֮ȴͻȻ࣬ʱֹͣ˴򶷡
໥ӣڴԷ
̼Ŀ棬ɱڣԵȻڵƲҵĻƲĽ⣬ⳡٱȥֻѾûˣ
˫ĿⱩɭȻЦСĻȻޱȣ»һС㻹ܶùȥⳡʹգ
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죬һǿƴںɨ˵ڸղŵľȡʤ
Ǻǣ½ҵʤˣС㣬һԲ֮ҹɽׯȻڱ¥ĴݣС㲻ҪˬԼźá
˵һ˿ıóѵĹâаŮһֻȴŮ֮󣬶ҪһֻŪ
̴˿ȻɴҲܿеĿ㳡һׯľӢӵɨȴǵ̾Ϣһ
ѾУׯֻ˭֮һս
뵽˴ݸԲ԰ףׯӽֻҪ׳ˡ
͵ˮׯɨǲ֮⣬˿ׯӵô٣۳ۼɳΪɽׯĸׯӴһ֮£֮ϣȨգ
ͣһׯſ빩ȴǵ˿ǽӴ˫ɱ۾֮ȴһͷ
ĺˣȷų̂
ղıֶΣѾǳ׵ǿɲԲڶԾǵʱ򣬻Ծ顣
ۿһӵ˶ûУ˱Ʋ꣬ӶһΣЩվ


114 һ
ۼģشСֶﻹи֮룬ɽʮɽׯĹϵش󣬻ܳȫ
˵ɽССʮɽׯ飬ٸ죬׺ݲбѪɱʲôʱΪɽׯˣ
˿˵ȻȻıһʱֲԤС
֪һʵѴλͽľ磬ºɽƣΪպׯһӵܵİΣҲֹˡ
ʱڣüͷŵкҪ£ֱ԰ɡ
תӣ㳡ϵˣĿ¶⣬ɽģļɽׯѵþۼׯᣬׯ
ׯһ㳡ϵˣʱȻޱȡ
νׯʮɽׯһ˳ΪׯССʮɽׯ֮Уʵʵۣ˵ԳУͳȺׯ
㳡ϵɫ֮࣬׷׳ɽׯȥֻɽׯӵˣе¶׺ݲбģе¶ʢ˵顣
ׯְλȺ˵УɽׯİԵɽССʮɽׯĻаӿɹ
㳡ׯĸӵԣҲ޲ݣû뵽ɽׯҰ֮󣬾ȻһͳɽССʮɽׯ
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˿ׯ֮أׯɽׯ˶ڣټʵǿׯС㣬Ҳ˵Ķ֣ׯ֮٣Ƕְλ־ڱصá
ɽׯĺ֮Լ书ׯľӢӵѷɫҪԾǲЩľ
Ŀ΢䣬΢Цشׯĵ̣ȱ̬Σͬ飿
ΪׯΪĵ֪ҪԷԡ
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ת۳ȥֻһؼӵ׺ݵĿ⣬ɫ԰ף־岻ѡ
̾һ㳡ɽׯĴﹰ˹֣ѵøɽׯĴ۴˵أǶͬӵ飬Ҳᷴԡ
ֵɽ˳ɽׯĴʱ΢䡣
㿴ңҿ㣬֪飬ׯպУԼɽׯȻᱻɽׯ̲
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ԵɽׯȻǺɽһһĴׯЩҲǲϺɽһģϴɽׯ
ʱԷԣҪǲڵׯֵ֮Եɽׯֻջ顣
˶ǰԽкá
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ׯæתͷȥȻׯ΢۾ɨһۣ㽫Ŀתϡ
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һݣоЩҲ֪Σüͷ
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ׯ˵ͷЦԵɽׯǺ˵ãϴٳһЩ̻֣ҵ쳣ѵõй嶼Ҵ٣ͣ˲ϣԵɽׯЩͳͳ¼ȻӡôٷĴɢһ£Ҳôң֪Եɽׯ֮
һһԵɽׯЩİͳͳ˳һ֤дʣʱ֪ԵɽׯҪͷˡ
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ֻҪûԼ֤ݣ飬ͿԴ»СС»ˡ
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ǰȻսϣطȷʵΪһ֮ڵطϣʮϰٰյľĳְλȻߣʵȨȴǼ
Ҷǵĳ㹻֤֮ҪԸһȫûǼĵط治Ҫʲô
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˿ɫ࣬ȴҲ޼ƿʩ
֮ǰƣɫǻҰޱȣٺٴЦǰȥ棬Цׯѡׯһ£ɻô
֪ٸɽׯŸɣԵɽׯֻףһԲƾԷϷŪ


115 һƬҶ
ٺЦëҲһԼݣƾҲҳɽׯԣǱѽޡ
˵һĭ統ֲ֪ʤٱʱȴҲһֻ֣΢΢Ťͷܹĭ
˫Ѫ˿۾һۣ˵Ⱥ֮С
ɽׯ֮˼״ȫȻЦ
Ź㳡ϵˣЦ˭Ծѡׯһվ
Եɽׯƣұɽׯû˰Ƣ˭֪ɽׯֻһЩʲôֶڵɽׯ
ɽׯй˼ɣ˿ҪɽׯһԲɽׯǣȥֻݺŰˡ
һʱ֮䣬㳡˶ĬȻ
ׯִɽׯһЩСɽׯҵĴۼҵεףЩù顣
˶ɽׯΪԱӣȴ˵վɽׯΪС
㳡ϵˣ滳޺ޣȴ˸ҳɽׯԣ´ҡڣصɽׯһ
ֻһţһɨԵɽׯһٺЦԵɽׯˣ⺷쳣Щļһһȴǹƨ磡
ԵɽׯˣȺ鱯ߣȴ֪ׯͣΪɽׯ룬Ҫǰɽׯɱֻɽׯһʱֻҧˡ
ԿЦƿ죬һƬҶֱӳ
ʱмЦҿǸ˵ҶӣֱǶ˸һ衣
赭дĳ΢ڣȻʩչֻһ죬ʱƬҶսסˣ˸̬
ԹЦҪ˵˲ƬҶľ˲ǿ
еĳǰƬҶһײԼ
ѣֳѪ飬´󾪣Ǻη˳֡
һ仰û˵꣬ƬҶ֮ϣȻһǳ޵ľ޵ľ֮ǰһۺ
޵ľͻȻ֮£һգȴҲץסʱַɳײǰֻһ߹Ǿ۶ϡ
ԲҺ֪һƬƬƮ˹
ƬҶٶȣ˵УȷʵǻޱȣȻһ޿ɶơ
ûŪԼΪλֹĸо֮ǰƬҶѾƮƮ֮ϡ
ֻûһǣѾ𶯣ûʧŴֱӵ˳ȥ
һӣѹʯֱֱ̨˵ϡ
˿̣Ӣף˿ҲʹŤһƬ
㳡ϵˣ֮Ǿ
һӵ¼һƬССҶ
˶ȥֻƬѾЩݻƵҶڽײ֮󣬾Ȼ
е˿ƾƬССҶܷ˺˵ۻ˵ʵǺš
ŵǣƬҶصӴ֮󣬾Ȼ˿
һ㣬㳡ϵˣʱһͷӶ֪Ǻη˳֣Ȼ͡
ׯ´ŭȴɫ˹㳡ǿïܵĴһۣȻϣ˼
㳡ϵ⻰֪ׯƬǷΪؼʱ̣Ȼ˳ңβŭ
һʱ䣬˶ɨǿïܵĴѾ϶֮˶ȻҪ⵽ɽׯıˡ
ЦׯģϷҲøһĸ󡣡
˵󡱶֣ɽׯˣ¶̵Цݣɴ˿ɼ˸󣬶Ǳ˸Ӧɽׯĥ˵һֶΡ
ϽеҶһ㳡еǿôȥ
֪ûߵĵ£ȴֵֺ˻ֻׯׯ⡭ддš
ׯüվϣл˵дʲô
δϣһׯµΣҲһƬҶ÷飬ֻͷľмûˣȴҲǱˡ
һɽׯĻæǰׯػ
ׯŭһһһӻ߷ڵأɨܣŭȵ󱲣ׯ
ֻƬҶׯ֮Ƶݣأǰɳžһ죬Ҷʯ̨Ȼֱֱ˽ȥֻһСƬҶβ档
˵ĿƬϵĻζζһע⣬ƬҶͻǵ֮ϡ
ʱֻһɫӰͻȻһɽ֮Ծ£ڰջһߣ㳡
һĻ˶Ǽÿ㳡ģֻһ˰Ȼ·һ㡣


116 ķ
֮䣬æȥĿȴ˴һɫֻ¶⣬һʱ֮䣬ȴҲ֪Ǻηʥ
֮䣬㳡ĵǸˣ˫΢Уһˣ΢ЦǼֻ֡
˳Ҷ˭
Ҷ֮ǰۣǽеΣ͵һȫ֮ϳݡ
˿һװ֮УȻû˿μɴһ˵ƺǳᣬ˭Ȼɽׯ
㳡ϵˣһͷӶڴҶδ̽ĳ
ٺ˼صһʹׯһʹ죬ͬʱҲΪ˵Ĵ󵨶ﲻѡ
ü΢壬Ӱĸһ˿Ϥʲôطһʱ֮䣬ȴôҲ벻
䣬ͼׯϣͻȻһŤűȵˣҽ⵨Ŀͽ£
һ䣬һɽׯĻȻҶΧ
˼ׯɱ׷ÿǻ
ׯ˾ǴͨѾõĽɱΪȴҴģׯΪץ
һЩ֪ׯϸˣԣжһΪģֻΪׯһʵĽ
ҲЩ굱ׯɽĽȴһδΪһҪ׽
һʱ䣬˵Уǻѡ
Ȳ˵˼Ƿǽ˼Ǹׯ׽ǲԴ
׽ýһǳ£ׯǳǳϷʲôʱ˳צˣ
˶ǲ첻ѡ
ֻׯŭݣҶĿȴɨûɨϣֻĴųеľɫʱ֮
ׯȫӵԼĴڣ̵ˣ´ŭСӣѽںɽҿﱾׯˣǴûĺ³ġ
ҶŵȴɨׯһֻۣüͷĹƨǳѽ
ׯͨ׽ͽˣׯ˺Сӣ
һɽׯĻӵܶ벽Ӧǰ֮ù㳡ϵ˶зƺòˡ
Щ֮ǰҶЩ˵İȻҶ˵Ŀ֮һҶ֮£һ˵ֻ֣ԭ̤ׯŴ
ڳ֮ˣһЩɫˣһҶ֮ˣҶֻ¸Ǻˡ
ʶһҶ֮ˣ֪ʱҶ֣ǿүǰţѽ
ׯ˶ҶһҶ֮壬ֻð̣ŭȵǸʲôҲֻһˣǳɰһϣĥҲĥϣ
ⲻǷϻô
Ȼ֪ҶҲֻһˣϰһϣȻĥ
ĥͬʱϰ֮УҲ˴룬һ˭ǳͷǰ
ۼɽׯһڻǰҶüͷŻǰվҶǰλӣЩǿͷҪ۵ģء
ɽׯȴԼʶҶҲֻһˣԴ˿ǰв˿ûҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɨһۣʵ˭
ΪҶҲʶԣΪɽׯʱȻЦϷΪɽׯĴϡ
ҶŶһ´ۣҡͷû
ɫʱŭɭȻЦø֮ͽͷ֪
Ҷһۣ¶⣬ԴƸŪͿˣɻҴͷˣλоҵķô
ЦķӲûУֻҪȥׯͷϴпܻģ
Ҷ˵֮⣬ȴΪ⣬ֻ˵ͷǺãҾȥׯ˵˵ϣܾһȡ
ۿҶֱֱׯȥȻеȫһëȻв
Ҫ֪޶ֱÿÿѵ֮ǰǰӦõ
ǵضеÿ𡢻ǳϫ֮ʱǰǵĶѨ㵽һȫڡ
һߣΪﵽһΣҲĵӦҲνֱһΪܹգҲֱ
Ҷƶһ˲䣬ҶϸܵһֱΣʱðһ亹ͷת˽ӽׯ
һ¼ˣƮߣ漴˫ֳֽóһҶѴȥ
ʽУдأɭȻ
һ̳ҶҽӽԼ㽫ֱײĽϣһȻԱˡ
֪һɱƿҶ˿ڣȻ֮䣬ͷһأԼ


117 Ϊܵס
һУתͷһֻҶ֪أȻվԼ΢ЦƸԼļϣ£Լ·һ㡣
ֽŷݴ㣬ô󡭡
㳡ˣȴǿףҶ֮ʱһסҶǰ֮·
нʽԵѸҶ֮⣬֮ҪˣӿȺ֮С
ʱɽׯˣĲһУȺ֮ǿ鷳ԱýԶŵʣεԼߣԷ⡣
һҶˣֻܽۿԷһҪ֮ʣҶξӲεضֱԾ
±ʣ˵ϣôһСʱ䣬һӿգѾδҶ壬ȴѾ䵽󣬲ַļ֮ϡ
ҶȻµ𣬿Ƽ򵥣ʵΪס
Ҫ֪һжʱ򣬶йԣǰߵʱȫȻǰ㣬ҶȴܶȻͣ٣ƽڿԾȫĶ
ҲΪˣһٻߣҲ᲻𷴿֮
֮䣬̸ЦƵС
㳡ϵˣ޲̾
˰ס֪˿̲ҶͷԼҶ˼ת֮䣬ԷֻҪһһغ·߻Ȫ
һʱ䣬ǰ£ɴΪпݺһԼͷȴ䵽³ϡ
ҪĿҶü㻹ʲôһ·ˣߣҴͷÿׯһȡ
˵ļȴתɽׯһȥ
ĸҶɫǲ԰ף˫ŷȴҲʲôľٶ
ֻҶɽׯɽׯΧ΢ЦׯСӴͷһȡ
ׯҲҶͬȵŵĻ飬ҲͻȻԼԼļ򣬶ʱе쵲סҪ
ҶָŶͷ̾Ϣһü˵ҪҹȥׯһȣׯΪҪҽǰĳƽޱ˶ҽУǵϴһҽ˼䣬ұƤϵһɽһĹ⡣
ׯҪԼƤҪûǰҵص龰ʱең˾Ұ
ɽׯˣȴ˶һ˸Ҷ
ׯҶһƽԼ㽫һȥ
ȫȻ֪ׯԼ¡֡һʱûôһߣģѾҶߡ
˿̵ҪصȺ֮УȴֲңԼľٶҶɱֻòΡΡվҶǰһҲҶ
ҶֽҲֻһЦ㳯
ʱһתܡ
ҶȴǲĿڵʲôѵҳ𡣡
ݻصȺ֮УشսҡҲҪһ⡭
Ҷ˵Ǹ֣֪ǷˣǱҶɵˣֱӰԼ˹
ˣȴЦֲЦĺ࣡
Ҷȴû˼ɣ΢΢һЦʵͦóԵģûҿһ٣ǲ֪ûϲͬȤ
˵ŻʩתеһƬҶ׼
ٸȫ䣬Ҫɱҡңһᡭ֮䣬ֱӹڵϣҶͷ
⾰ȻֺЦҶƬҶɱ֮ǰһ˳
ٺĵ˺˵õİׯܳһֺαźɽĵ֮ء
һɽׯӵܣ죬Ŵۣ˵ȴû뵽ΪɽׯһľӢӵܣû
ֻ˼ҵһƬҶϥģ
ģׯŭգŭȵׯС˵
ɽׯڳǿƣȴǲ֪ɽׯŭҪׯӵܣҪ˵Ҷ
ʱֻӰһΣһӰվׯҶм䡣
ۣɱǸղһֱûгĸ
ɽׯּվ˳ʱʿ񣬶ʱҲν֣Żסׯˡ
ͳһæٺô죿ˣҪصô
ٺȴԥ֮ɫ˰Σȴңҡͷ
ҶһۣΪԼܵסô


118 
ɫһɭȻұٱǰͲҪװɵˣ㣬ʵ񲻳ׯкд˵ơǵұȻƴ󣬵ɽׯˣҲ裬֮ǰһֱδ֣ѸӣٱǷˡ
ҶԼΪ˵ұٱȴüͷһ壬ȴЦЦû˫ĿЩ⣬ô㻹뵲ô
ȴһ䳤Ȼµһ˵ұٱ˲˽ܣһս
㳡еˣұٱ֣ǻȻһƬ
˿ȻŻҪսұٱǴʧɫ
⡰ұٱ磬ʮǰʢѴǴ˵еӵܲ
Ȼɽһ޼ɣ˿ɵУ֮ұٱȴǵβֹ
ԷսֻҲ¼
ҶĿ棬ƾˣ΢΢һЦңΪʲôҪ
˫ĿⱩ䣬ٱսʤңɽׯԺׯӵˣ·У½ʤٱһаʽٱҪٲֺɽ飡˵䣬Ѿ𳤣ĿҶ
Ҷ˵ͷ⵹ǲãҾʹӦ󣡡
İ˿ּ⡰ٱסֻԼսԵұٱݣʳԡ
뵽ǲ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼ˾ٱһ
Ҷʼ磬ƲƲأ̵ҵḧ±ӣʧ֡
㳡֮УΪǿվ̨У໥̨ϣһɭȻɱ
һԳƴɽ޵ֵɽׯһǴѾõǿߣһƺɽ˸һս
㳡ϵԹߣɢƱʮ׿⣬ʹù㳡м䣬ճһĵط
ǰġٱͶ֮䣬Ȼư磬ȷʵƽУѰ˼ʮ֮꣬иŵӲһУпʤһаʽȴ֪Ƿõ˵ұĵ衣ĪѾ紫˵Ȼұĵ˻𵶼ұǰԾµĵ²һ˿⡣
תһ룬кһǴһĹŶ֮Уѧ˲ŮӣǰҵĽ£⵶ұٱ˵̵δ򣬵ʵҲӦò̫࣬µĵ·ʹӵұٱ̤һɣ
ڴˣ֮ǰη֮ģֱˣ
ԱϣֻˢһƮɣͬ£һ콣ǽҶȫ¶ڡ
վһԵ̼ȽҲǾ֮ǰҽֵʱ򣬻к֣˿ȽȺԼǰֽǶ˼ԼֵʱһʼóֽԼУ
㳡ϵˣҲ콣꾪ĿɿڴԼȿֲĽǾǱɡ
֪ʱֻǺһͻȻ齣ʣһ
㳡ϵˣãȻ֪ǳǳϷôŴţͻȻˡ
һⳡ˭ʤ˭
Ȼֻһ˵Ŀ㳡еһЩһ֣ȴٵ⡣
ҶĽ֮ǰ콣֮Ψһ֮һָһָ˲ƿ꣬š
һָ֮ߺȻȴ콣ΨһĿ϶֮С
ΣͷӦָƿ֮˵ãָŵһɲǣԾ˿ѱ
˫üһ֮ģųһҶٶ滺ޱȡ
ڽӽҶ׵ʱɲǼ䣬нһ£ͳҶԴȥ
⽣дŵӰٱýһγɵĽƷǳˡ
̨ϵˣֻ棬ϻأʹЩʵˣǱƳˮɴ˿ɼһʵǷͬСɡ
ҶվڳУȫȻֻ΢΢ָųϮķٴεһָ
Ҷָ֣ͣڽδҶ֮ǰԴʻȸָ
һָʱǳؼȥδ֮ʱ
㳡ϵһЩ֮һĻ޲̲̾סкá
һЩʵ΢֮ûƳҶָ֮ΪҶ׵Ľ֮£Ǳذɡ
ԼĽУҶȥʽϣһ񣬽ʱҺУɨҶʡ
һתĿ磬ģ壬һʵ顣
ýֻ֮ҶȻơ
Ѱ˼ȻŰ裬һʵȴǸ뻯Ľɽм˽ӵһУ
ڴʱҶüͷһ壬̧һֻ֣˫ʳָ΢ָͷࡣ
˿ʳָȻ΢ȴƣüͷһ壬֪⡰ٱк⡣
ȻȴͷȻȷǰ֮ˣǲǵұٵ
˵ûұٱ뵶ұٱЩ
˿̣ȴɨҶʳָһۣУУҶʳָϵָһѨҪ֮
ʮУĽȻޱȣÿÿ;ϣûгɹͳһ
й̨ӰҶȴȻƶ벽վ̨м䡣
˿̵ɫޱȣѾˮȴҲףԼŽ湦ĽͺβҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦĽȻϰʱ̫̣ûн뻯ǲʹ˰ְɡ
ȻǫͣԴ֮䣬ȴǸûһ㡣
ԣŭ̵Ҷ˴ӣĵҽܱóһսպڴУɽׯıļƻҲҪ֮Լò׽ɽɽׯѵׯıǱұٱ׻ܣѹɽȺۡ
ˣһ߶ۺʱһ˿̴ͷƮ˿̵ϣҲŤޱȡ
㳡ϵ˿һĻʱʧɫ⣬š
㳡ֻǰһĻʵţţʿľ硣
ڴʿ˵ٵÿ
Ī䣬Ĵﵽ˵ľ磿


119 
ʱֻеĳһɶɶıƻޱ仯ȥһ㡣
ֻһ̨ϣǽӰ
趯쳤Ưڰ֮еĳȻʧΣ¹һ塣
һ˾е򽣹ڣ򷨺һҵ찡ĽѴﵽز
ֻɣеҶǰ
򽣷ڣЩѲӰʵʵڵ֮ҪЩУֻǴѪô򵥣ֱӻᱻʬһƬޡ
ֻ򽣷УͷȻûĿһŰ׹⣬ͬͷһһ㣬ƷǷ¶ǼһƬ
ԭҶָƽԼĽУ֪⡰ұٱָ裬ȻǷ켫ĵز
ҲΪˣûн֮˼⡰ұٱƽԼٿһԶ̾С
뵽ԥȵ񽣣һħȥ͵ؽһ֮Сಣಣ֮ڶ
ʱͻҶԾ˫֮УĿâһֱӴ̵ù㳡еˣ
ں鲻ɽ۵һ˲䣬顱һ죬æ̨ȴһԲ˵̨һߣ˴Ӳ
ֻ˫̫죬ʹ쳣۵ʽʵۿ֮䵽˭ʤ˭
һɽ紵ɽڣ˵ľУķڣͻȻꡱһѳ룬ͷʱӭ
һȻֳʤȴˡ
Ҷ鵭ȻҪ𡣡
ɫ԰ף˫֮УǿҲҵҵʵ֮壬㡭㵽ηʵ֮
һУȻûʿֻ֮䣬ǿмǱʩչһ򽣹ڡӣֻԴƭҶĿȻ֮ɱһ
˭֪˿̷ѾĻʩչȾУȴҶɵȥƺʵ̫ˡ
ҶȻ򽣹ڣȷʵҪһֽţԽӰð䡮򽣹ڡķӣɵĺܣǰҲùΣһϣҲ㲻ԩ
ȻһЦԭˣȴǵͷԵЩ㲡
뵽Լһ֮ʽ֮û˰õ
زȴֵҶһҪԿ
Ҷ֮ɫԣ΢ЦϣԺԶţǹׯӵܣׯˣ·У
תͷɽׯˣЦɽׯǻ˲ԼҲǿ̨ġ
֪ʱһɭȻֱӴҶıתûбֵϰߡ
ޱȣһ־Ȼζ
ҶԻͷüҪô
ȴػֻһ֣һָ䵽ϵĳֻǱ˵һڵһҡ֮󣬾ȻƮ
ҶҲĿ¶⣬̾õ䣬治
ҶȻ֮Ը򷢳սƾ֮ԭΪǲҪģҲֻٱСһˣΪһδƿأٱ֣
˵֣Ǳڵٶȣȴ˿ֱӳҶ˹
ν
Թűǽ׷߾磬˵Уһȡ׼ǧ֮⡣
˼˴˵ȴ˵еֻǸеЩţһ֮ȴĿù
ַֻţֻϹʱֹȴûϰ֮ҾϰҪ־ѧҲǷǳѵġ
ʹĹûٰʮ깦Ҫɱˣֱ췽ҹ̷
⣬֮ͨ鱦ıڴĵطֻ±ЩʦҪϡȱ˵֮١
ѰͣܵõһĺýǼˡ
ЩȽϸĽͣܵõһıǿɢҲơ
ڴ˵еͨ鱦ڴĵطһִ˵ʮ꣬ڴûгֹȱ
Ҳԭ򣬲ʹô֮֮١
һˣֻҪ˳ʮɱˣ԰ͬˡ
ۼĹȻ޷ʮɱ޷Ҳǿ֮ڣݹɽһҲ˵ν˸ˡ
üѧ㳡ϵˣξ鲻ԽݺһԼֱۣŷԼģģҪΡ
ҶȻΪˣʱȾѧȴҲЩʼɴ˵˵һѧǵùʲôûзݹ֧š
Ҷȴ֪⡰ԹŶҵľѧͬʱǹŶ֮Уʰһͨıʳһöƾ˼ʮĹ
Ǵ˵츳ǿҲ֮
һӣֱӳҶĲӴȥ
ͨ鱦Ϳ࣬ټ֮渽ۺĹⳤҪҶһ£ǿֵ³
ҶʱҲ˴֮ģ˫ŲȴǱ棬ȥ
ֻ䡱һȴ̨ϵһõʯǱֱնϣʯ̨֮ϡ
㳡ϵ˾һ׷ܿ³ʧˮЩԹ۵ĳ㡣
ֱ߽֮ɵ
ʱһԶԶҶҿǴռϷ磬ƵҶ˿ֻж֮
ʯмҷ׷֮䣬һֳҶǰٱǵұԵ£붷Ƿǿ£
ڣҪ澫ͨͼˡҶпЦѣʱ˿̣ԷȻҲΪǵұٱֱЩ
һһʩÿһ
ȴ䡱һ죬ҶһӣѸĳֱӶˡ
ʯǻʯƣӲ˭֪ȴһһǴҶϣǻļ¡
ֻڼ䣬̨ϣҶӰ
Σȴȫ˹֮ǰҶָƿգƵʯ̨תȦ
˿ȴվԭزңų׷Ҷƨɺһʹ̡
ת˲֮䣬ѹϰС
ܽಫ֮ڣҶԻֻ֣ܵķݣЧĹ
ʮӷ֣ǱԽԽ죬ȫȻ˥֮⣬ɴ˿ɼ˵ۺޱȡ
㳡ϣ̨ϣƮɣݺ޼ɣԱ߹սˣѶ㵽׿⣬ҪǸ̫һСģǱôһ£˭ܵס
ֻһһˣ̨Զ󲻱ĳնˡ


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ʱǱƮƮȥĳͻȻâ㣬ڽ֮ûΪһİ׹⣬͵Ҷȥ
̳һüĵâ˿ҪεȾĹһ㣬ǸѲ
Ҷƽ˿̫ϬǻӲ˫΢棬ҲһݣԶԶԾ˳ȥ
ǵ˿˹ȥֻ͵죬һʱ䣬Ǹ̨ϵʯƽ˿ȥһʯƤ
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Ҷɽ֮󣬻صڵСԺĴϵͷ˯
һδ˳սҪʵǽ۵òᣬ屾ûпֽͽ֮ƾС֮һսĲᡣ
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һۣźһͽ˼ҵĴռˣ˼ô㲻ѣ˼ô˯
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ꡱһЦС˵ȤнԼġ
Ҷȴûһ㣬ǳսԼȷʵģ˯ʱֻҪе紵ݶĶĿ
ϾȻε˯弫ƣ֡
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òĵطƾԼʵ治ʲôҿвһ֮䣬ҶҲԼĵĸеЩЦ
ͻȻҶ˫֣ЦӣеƻᣬڼҲǺܺãǲһȥ͵ưɡ
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һ˵ţһߴԱ޳ȡһųʣȻҶ˳ܣ¶š
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׳Ǹٽû̧ͷ˳ᣬϲ֪ʲôʱЦݣ
ĹӡСˣǽٵˣֵܼ׺ݣҲЩĻ䡣ɣϵΡ鱦ͨӳֻƣϣܸ߶ϡȲѣϳҲϲָΣҵףϣǶǵĿԡҲϣǶأ٣ҳҧϸͷɲǳġ
ҧ𣿸ͷҶȻʧЦ˸˵еġħҧ𣬼ֱһа
Ҷǵ쾵۴ҵ꣬𣬳ҧ֯һ֧˵װ
ͶܣõãΪھ֮һ
񿴵ǰͷٵļһҲгҧ𣬲һ֡
ǰʱ򣬶峯ӢҶϲģǳҧ
ΪģֻΪԷǴԸ
⵽е˼û뵽ͬгҧˡ
һҲǹзģ٣һִţ˾ͷһȴǶ֮飬֮ǵеʿ


122 ӢĪʳ
ϣʾֲ԰ףм־֣ƿӵһǣȥȴѱΣܶˡ
ʶĳΨһȥȴҶ¶һںӣ۾δ״̬
һĻʱдŭ쵰ʱ򣬾Ȼ˼˯ǲɾҩˡ
ԭ뿿һЩǿģûпܵ顣
һҪЩɷǿ˼ŵӣ˲õĳɾˣϣЩǿ
׳Լ֮⳵ζûиķӦüͷڳߣԾ˳ܣĪǳ˶ӵ֮˹ȥһȱµ飬ǲӦãȥ֮һѵһ١
ҶǱǸļһЦˣ£ҲֻǿЦ⣬һ
ŵҶסҶ۵СֶеҶļ򣬽һɾľϵڣ԰ġ
ϣǸ׳ԽԽĽŲԽԽֲ̿ǮƱߣһֵġ
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׳ҲûҶܾ£е㲻˼ͷ⵹ϳ̿ǲˡ
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ϣǲмĿҶƾһҲðׯǸˣ潫˵ɵӲɡ
ׯĵʮһҾˣС軹һǣɣ
׳ļԴЦҶĻſͳҶһĽѵ
׳ȴɨļһۣѸоǰ˲򵥣㲻ׯʮһҲǵġ
׳ֹµǸʶ֮ˣ֪ǰλ֣΢΢һЦֵеֵׯļ
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׳˵꣬һ֣ϣеĲ﹧ķڳ֮ϣȻɻɭ֮С


123 һװƵ
һֱڵϵĳ򣬵׳ǲӰ̴ӵͷϣеǻׯȥ
ϣɨǸһۣЦȻǸвμӵƻˣԺϳҲ񣬱ΪԼׯˣͿɽ޼ɣ飬һѵ
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һĻΪҶֻǿǼ䣬׳Ǿͷıˡ
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Ҷȴҡҡͷû˵עǸؤ˺ЭԣȫɢϢ
Խϸ۲죬ҶԽ࣬ǸؤĶϵı仯
ҶǸؤߵʱǸؤڴ˫ۣĿҶһ
ͨ˴˵Ŀ⣬ܸоԷ΢΢һ˰ΣҶȴпڵˡ
ͻȻҶ˵΢΢һ㶣ʣӣʲô˰
ҶǸؤݣܵ˼˯ͻȻȥǮǴˡˣ˵Щˣǽǰɡ˵꣬Ҵ߿ȴǵһ˲䣬ٴһǸؤһۡ
֮󣬾лƿۣЩĻƣҲ¶۵ЦҪȥһƣҶס֣ơ
΢΢죬ȻͷҶĻǰٷְӵġ
ҲҶȻɡ
ϣмĿҶһۣװŪأһŮӻһס
ϧԼ¶ݵʱ


124 
ſڵؤվƺҶĺ棬ǳ˹
Ҷ뿪ǸؤѾǰλӣ֮ǸʵϷƽ֪ɷ빫һ
ҶоǰؤǸˣҵ΢ЦǰˣСһƽĺܣƲϾ֮
ؤȻϷ˳޷ʿԵչӵУɽС
Ҷ֪ؤǸˣȻܾ룬æͷǰ̧ˣСǵУһǰɽݷá
޷ʿ΢΢һЦȻˣȴҶһ̾ӵ񣬾Ȼ޷͸
ǳ֮һƣֻ±㽫
Ҷ޷ʿһ̸ϣת֮ʣȴѾϣӰʱ΢΢һ漴еһֿЦ
ϣŮղǸؤɢζ̲סһˡ
ԴˣҶҲû⣬ûŮߣһԳͷԼĻᡣ
Ͼ磬ȱ˽ġ
Ҷѡһջһſԣſջи˵Ľ̸
Ҫ˽磬ʵ벻ʲôӱڿջ̸̾
Щϵرģ̸ЩϵرϢҶǷȴġ
һſջ˵Ľ̸һߺſջ׾ƣĿɨ˴ľɫ
ջĶ¥ȥɼͣڲԶׯ޳
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Ҷ̾ƼʮһͱȽҲŶ֮ѽ
ʵȴҶˣƼȽʮһ͵ƼȽϡ
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ũľˮȻҪȶʮһ͵ľˮһֶζ
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һǰȹݺȿȵˣϲȹ徲
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ʱϰ˴ССĵӣоƱƺֻǵͲ
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˿ҶҲµŮӦþΨһӵ˵ǸŮˡ
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һֱûʹ֪Ҷ֮˿̼ҫ䶯æǰȰ˵ͬһׯˣûҪΪһС¶ְɣ
ҫҲоΪСһʧԼݣһѹͷŭҶǵ޳;˳ᣬ˭Ȥǽ賵ңǼݳĳȥ
ҶȻһЦҿɲ֪ܵʲôطȥˣΪҪʱҵǸֻǲܵ顣
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ҹ紵СߵҶû졣
Ҷ뿿ڳ֮ϣһݣֳһޣʱʱĳһǰбеĶޣĵڶְҵ
һҫͻȻƿӣ˳
վҶߣĿԶüͷܲܿ㣬Ǳڵƻ֮ǰִĸۡ򽫻ỵСĴ¡
Ҷԣȴ΢΢һĸۡ
ҫȥĵطʲô
Ҫ֪Ȼĩ·ǹ壬Ȩ֮л
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ҶڲеĹϵҫȴǵͷŭûҵ˵
ӷʴųӶһζֽ࣬˯⣬˿˯˯״̬
˯֮ʣͻȻŵҫһŭȣʱһæӳ̽ͷҫ䣬Сطô
ҫֱۣͷ˳ԣ˯سȥȵ˵طһ㡣
ԣǸҿ飬ͷһɻȥȴҶڵѾˣ
ҫŤͷȥǰһģӴĸۡڸۡĴſڣվһŴ׵ʿʱϲ㵽ˣҺûСĴ¡
޳һֱʻլ֮
վ޳֮լȥֻƻͨĴӰȻլھٰʲôԲô˳
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ҫĿԲŭˣ㲻үү棬Ҳῴׯ棬ֻԷһٸġĴѾ֮У˶ҿɽׯҵһǿӲĿɽ̵ùͷʣ
˵ż˻ҶڳȥǡüҶǰǸ޴լĬȻǱǸ޴լӸסˡ
һĻжʱ˿ҺǸûӣܣҲʲô󰭡
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Ҷǣҫ˵Ǹʲô
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ҶǵĳȻƴ󣬵ұڴ֮УҲǶǼȫڷҶǵʵ
ΪһССׯ뵶ұֻҪҶǵĳֻҪеӣͲִ¡
ȻҶǵĳܳΪׯĿɽΪλҪμٰۡĻ
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Ҷָ߸ϵ̬ȸеֺЦҿûʱǣ˻Ҫ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦʼ磬ÿɷ
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լ֮УλȨصˣֻµǣμʲôۻᣬǽл˻ʹֻµôġ


126 Ժ
ʿĴ£˸ۡԺ
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涼͸һڴͽŵա
ֱҶŪǸʲôʵᣬڴһūεӭǴ󲻼򵥡
ԺǳиǳĹ㳡Ȼݱĵطǧˡ
ݱ֮أȴǰŴԲ
ʱԺЩΪЩԲ϶Ѿ˸̾
ͷǵİˣҲгβ͵ľ飬һЩŻĹӵܣһ⣬ɵΪµȵԺ֮С
ҶЩ˵вûпǵĲ෴ܽǰԺ֮У˵϶쳣ɫ
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ҫüͷһ壬ȻһȺһԺ֮ЩȽµΣȥǱ̫ˡ
ʿ΢΢һŵɨҫ䡢Ҷһۣһ˿мĻȵǺΪǰŵĵطԺ֮УȥҺЭ̣ҿûȨΪǵط
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ҫһǻŭû˿Ǽ˵ЦĿɷǼЦɨȥʲôЦģ
һʱ˵ע⡣
һЦ꣬Լʮ塢꣬õеٷĸо˿ԣȴҡеֽȣ̾ϢȻӣҲʲôط˼ҿǽǸ棬иطͲҪģûȤˡ
ҫһ𱬵Ƣױ˼ˣתֱӳԺȥƫҪģ
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뵽ʼЩԥ֪ԼⷬٶǷΪׯ˴
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һ̣Ժˣˣվ뽫ĿɨԺ֮С
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ǧ˫۾ĻעУһȺԺžլ


128 ߹
һ·֮ϣֿϣ㻩գҶ˶ʮһЩǵ̨ݳĳ
˷βһƲһעĿһŮ
ԣӦһһŮһ̫ࡣ
Ҷȥδֻ̫࣬ԹߵǸɴŮ˱澻룬װе̫¡
̫ǰżĿ׻ŸֵϾһ죬Ǹ̫֮ʱ̬ȴ
ҶĵȺ˵УλߵģǸɴŮˣ̫ƺҲЩλ
ö룬ֻǸ̫ӴͿɿ̫Ȩơ
֪֮ǰǽԺһˣǽҵĹǽ˱֮󣬲ŸŽġ
ʱҶĿǸ̫ƿתƵǸɴŮϡ
Ůȫ£޳涴Լ֮䣬һɳѷĸ߹֮
ʮƳȵĺˣʹʮ֮䣬ҲЯı
Щɨ֮䣬кһ֪룬гŮӲı
ŮӲȴһ۳࣬ƣǷǳӡ
Ǽεӣŭ΢ȵǣŮɱ
һˣǶޢ껪ŮլԺԹֻ˿޷ֵĹơ
ӣҶжһ˿⣬뽫Էݵĳ嶯
Ϊһ棬ʵ̫˶ʼˡ
ҶҲóϣһǸŮһȷʵǳ䡣
Ȼ󣬻İˣЩˣֻ¶Ϊףֻǽں󣬲УͿЩ˶׵ġ
еˣʶӢ䲻꣬Ϊ˾ǷҶǳΨһĶӣ
˴СŽԿ׳ǷҶСڼ
Ҷ֮Уϴ϶ĸ׽÷ҲҹֵĹСڡ
Ϊ֪СӵĸǵһãСḮĸ׵Ļġ
ԶԽżǵĻ£ǽ÷ҲǸŴƣֻֻֻۣۣ
˵ˣȷʵЩӵ˵ڴСʲ׶ʱһָ㣬ڵˣΪһߡ
֮Уһֱû¶˫ʹĴ󻤷ҲڽʮС
һҪҪʵʵҪ츳츳ȫ˲ţڴӱǲǹ¡
һڴȵұٱǧ϶١
νĻӦþǴһֲٰģֻ벻ǸŮӵʲôˣʹΪٰᡣ
ҫԸǸɴŮӣһǴ߹θأҪΪӢš֮ǰׯиүүڳµ֮⣬ׯʶҩˡܵðУ˵һ죬ʱׯڴҲÿ˵ɫˡ
ҾͻչһЩݲݣҩģ٣ܵõ߹ӣ״ʱ÷ǳǱԷǿסˡ
ҫһʱݺӵһԴŵٸҷϻҽôô𣿡
Ƣ𱩵ҫ䣬ǻֻ֨ɵص˵ͷ
ҶºЦ˳Ϊ߹ߵĺˣֻҪ˶ãͱıֶθʬ޴档
ׯ˶ڴնһ֪ŮˣֻҲֻҶǵ˴˵ľƣҲ˽⡣
ҪȻҲóȻҫǰμˡ
ׯڲնĴ֮浽ڣ˴ˣԺׯˣ߽ĹȦӡ
һȦʧֻׯȥӣҲʣˡ
ڷҶĵطˣ壬һߣûвɻĳޣһ㲻Ͼɱ
ȻڴĹȦ֮УһʧƣǾٲľ硣
ӵΪˣ˴ĹȦӣûǿ̨Ϊ֧ŵ£պ󻹲֪Ҫٻ
ʱͻȻ˵˵߹Ѿ¼Ϊ½ʮŮ֮һ֪Ϣǲģ
Ϣǧȷ˭˵˼ʶòȴѾ£¼ΪʮŮ֮һҲǼ顣
һʱ֮䣬˾͡ʮŮ˿
ҶҲԴ¸еЩ棬һᡣ
ȵЩ۽֪ΪʮŮ
ʵʮŮͨһַʽѡ٣רη£ѡġ
ѡ٣ȻûʲôȨԿԣйءʮŮķȴǺܿ촫¡
ʮŮķͷǹǱɴ˿ɼŮħεľˡ
Щ˵Ľ̸УҶҲѾ֪ǰİʮ֮Уֻھš
Ҳһǳ˲õˣҪ֪ȫ¿ɿĿŮٲ֮
ڵŮ֮УеھţֻҪͿ԰źεȾ˵ò
ҶйʮŮ֮԰ΪȺˣڽĴ£߽ϯ
Ⱥ˵£ег֮Ҳٴγ
ͬʱйʮŮĸۣҲֹͣöʮŮһ·ǳĵҶĸơ
վ۹⻺ɨһۣԺԺˣֱӱˡ
ǵĿӹҫʱȴ΢΢һһ˿ɻȻϲǺηʥȻҲʸ֮С
ͨ˵Ŀ⣬ע⵽վԶһô֮¡
ʱҶŸݣ˫ֱأ뿿֮ϣ˱Ŀ״̬
ۼҶȻЩİҲû¶ʲô쳣ľٶɨһ֮󣬱ҲջĿ⡣


129 
ȻܱȭθλԶǧǰҽμӴ˴ᣬ˽λл⡣
Խ¡صлǸʧ˶׷վȭ
Ӵʱһֻ㣬ڽ˵ĵȫȻû⡣
֪еʱԴҫٴκݺһ£ʹֱðǹ⣬Һ
Һ֪ʱһʲôĻ֮Уڹؼʱ̣մյסԼ졣
ٴαҫݺݵһ֮Ĳʣ鲻Ըķе㣬վ
ֻҶȻ뿿֮ϣյ۾һ¶ûаϵ
۹ɨȫٴ䵽ҶϣҶǷ֮ɫȴһ˿ɡ
Ҳ֮ǰһЩ͸Ҷ˾ٵԼ䱾һûµˣԸ֪һЩĹء
ڿҶ֮ҲûעҶˡ
֮ǰ˰Ҳ͸Ҷк˵ҲûҶ潻ֻ֣ǸӦԷ˼εָ
ЩָɫҲ֪ԼĻþԼֻǱԷһװǻƸסˡ
˶飬Լ򽭲ˡ
ĿҶƿ֮е˵λض񣬻˵
˻˽һ֮󣬲ȥ
˰ŮһۣۼԷͷ߹Ӣţʵұ¡˵߹أӢŵһˣκ˲عأںͱԣǺҽԣϣλס
˵⻰ʱĿٴεɨҶһۣڳ˵УΨҶһ˿ѹȸС
ָоǳҲ˵ԭҪǲǰʧ˷ȣֻھҪú̽Ҷһ
ðȻľٶȻڰ˵²õӡ
ȻҶɲͷĳ嶯
ʱֻǸ̫࿪лҼҹʤм
̫˵ȴݵһŮǻ볣죬Ǻ
̫ɤͳŴԣȴһ
ԣȴһǫãֵúзȣ˿ȥԵñ
һ߹ϹϵֻƾĲֻļҲһء
ɴİŮŵϯ֮ϣͶϵĳĿ⡣
Ŀתϣܵλǵ߹˴ѡΣŸָĹţ˭ѡȫ߹
һû뵽ŮȻ˴ȨֱӴѡι
ȻǴĹűȻĹϵҲɴӲ˵ŮвŻҪȻĸҲ˷Ȩ
Ҷ·˺£ѹǰſƼԭϣһ죬ֱӳΪĹ壬ӻ
ʱǸ̫ٴ˴߹ӢţҪΪֻҩɲ֮ˣܲμӴ˴ᡣֻκһֲĴӴ˿ͬҲ֪һֲǺε㲻ҪңֻҪĲŸɣһлõҪһС
ӢţȻֻΪĹû뵽ǣһκôĹͿɳΪһֲ
˶һ
Ҫ֪ǻ˴İڽɽʹͣûй飬˭
һʱ䣬˶Щɲ
ס΢Цλûɣһֲ߹ġ߹Ͼйگ飬ҿֻҪ˱߹Уƾеһֽگ飬ǾԿİڽɽ
⼸仰˰ڵĿеĵλ˽סΪ˷ܣ־
һֲ
ĴڣƽĴڣҵõȨһ죬Ӵ˳Ϊ֮ˡ
һͻȻڵΪһ˲ţ֪Ƿ˴ξ𣿡
һ˵۹æƵ˽ϡ
ԥ΢Ц赶Ūǹԣ⿴ˣҩʦûжµҩŸɣһֲɲôѽҽĳ֪֮ټӼҸΪţԲμӴ˴ְȱľᡣ
ǷߺȻһЦ⵹ǲҩʦʮϡ٣һĵͽҩʦ֮УҲǷǳģƽʱܼһҩʦѧͽǼ˲õĴ¡
еһЩʶҩҽҩߣʱ¶΢ЦǶԴ˴ξ˱صõ
ʱҫӣٸҼ㣬ȥ֮һҲԼ˫ˣǱ㡣ڷе㣬Ĩǵգͦţ˿һ㡣
׿ķе㣬ϵֽ죬ͦǴʶֱˡ
һﱾ²զģλеģǴĽһͦһȻҲơ
ȻڴеˣЩλȨصʹ²Ūһ㡰֮ȻȻѡӡ
һλҩʦ磬мֲʶ˷ҶǵһҩߣȻЩҩʦһƳĵҩƵһЩҩҺҲβ˵ĹЧһѯ߹ָ̡
˵۹ⶼתɴİϣŮȻھŵŮͣòֻֻ¶¡
Ȼ˲ĲգԺǳȥˣҲһ̸ʲǡ
Ǹ̫ȴл˵ҼҹϲװǻƺŪļƵˡ
羡ܲҩʦΪһҩߣҲǷǳеλˡ
ˣҲǸĸһ̫ô˵˽̳⣬ʱɫһ
Ҫ֪ⱨԼҩߵݣβϣע⣬ĿӡѡĻᡣ
ϱ̫һٽ̳⣬Ūʵ䷴аŭ
Ϊ˴ˣȻԸ֮䷢صľףæյĳƵҩҺŸַǷĹЧƵĻҺʲô⣬ֱ˵޷
˲ɰ޽˵ΪҲ쳣һ仰˫Ӳգ˫ĿУһ֤˵
ĻԻֲһȭɽҸɵдΪòԼѡı׼ֻҪбҩβѡĻᣬڳǧˣֻˣٵڰ֮˶ѡߣһһˣûм켸ҹֻǾԲܿϵģ߹Ҳͣôʱ䣬֪߹Ҫοҵȣ
ʱҶҲȤһǰʲôӣͬһʱ俼ôˡ
һЩĵĲſ֮Ҳϵٻⱶйע
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀ⣬ڰϡ


130 һֲ
֪о糣еĲ豭еСһڣһҲ˶ϵĿ⡣
Ǹ̫ȴٴοڵҼҹ֪˻ôʣͽۼҡҲżҼҹķӣʱͿԽڳˣ˸ס
˴Ϊ죬ʲôķӿڰʱ֮ڣ˶һһ˵飿
ı£ĲǣǴ󲻼ˡ
һʮߣò飬мѧʣ˿ͻȻƷϷֻǷҶһҽҩʦѧͽͲعҳˡϷֻ߹αҵһҩʦûУͽ׵ҩʦҲС˵Ҫһֲƺŵʱ򣬻һԼһƺһҩʦԼ߹ĿУѾѡ˰ɣȻˣֺαпѡʹ᣿
¶֮ɫȻӵв׵ҩֶΣ˶ķһֲջ֮ʣȴ뵽һֲѡ
⽭ٿʹᣬһǳڶԽʢ룬ؾ˼ҡ
ֻ¶Щѡеĸ𼸸˲ôУԿܲεʹҵȽϺʡ
һֲѡ˵ʵȷʵѾˡ
ȻҲ֪㣬Բ˳εľ
ڽУһֲ֮⣬ĶͨԼϵҲɿŪ
һȻԸڰˡ
һĹؼȴý֮⡣
˴ҵļ󣬸ʿҲ׷׳еһ˲ţͽ֮жһݱǮ
شͬԼٰʹᣬһΪҵĽ飬һ˳˲ŵľͼ
ߵһ˵ǣʱģ·ָʾ˲̽˵ǱܷΪá
Ǹߵһ˶ĿٴԭĿУһֲ˺ʵѡ
ȻˣпѡʹᣬǴϷŪ
ڴ֮ʣǸ̫ٴ𣺡Ͳ⡣ҼСѡ˲ţʤֻ̭ҪǵĲŸʤҼҹĿеѡȻԶҪһСۼҲøǣЩĺѡҼС߱򣬷ѾѡġǷսʱҲõһԼûɲܵͷŪ˸ͷƾձЦ
̫Ļһ˵Ҷʱ˹Ȼ£ѡ˰꣬öЩѡ
һЩѡȻǧѡһҪʤЩѡѶȣɲһĴء
̫ҼҹڿʼƺˡֻԾ˲Ծеĺ֮ϡ
ӵ浽ģ֮ߣ˭֪ȫȻؽԾȥ
˵иӰ̫࣬һʵɲ⣬˾δˡ
ʱ̫պı£ںȻͬʱĵֻ̫¾Ǵ밲ӰεӰ̫ˡ
нЦ졢˼ȺŵҲǰ
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΢΢ͷֻЦæԸ˵鷿ȡķıȥˡ
˿̫Ծ֮ϣ򽭸ķıʱ֪ǵĿҪʽʼˡ
ֻǴжЩƣ㿼˾Ϳ˰ɣ˼ҵķĪεĿˣǱ˵ǷߵٶȲɣ
⵱ȻЦֻǴʵڲףǸ̫֮ϸǵĿϵ
˴Լķӣͱһİֽһֻ޴ë˹
֮⣬ĸ˺̧һڴޣװīˮС˹ڴ֮ϡ
Ц΢ЦָѰչķԸǰ׼Щ֪ǷϹ⡣
̫׵⣬ĺ⣬Ƿˣֽ˾޴ϳһչŻֻ¾͸ˡ
Ժ⣿
̫ȴһЦֽŴд־ʹԽ󣬿˾Խ࣬Խ࣬ϳˣԽˡ
˵̫ͻȻ󸮽Ժĵϡ
Խ⡢Ժĵȫˣʱƻͨͬ硣
̫ȡֽͱʣǺվȽŲһʮɳİֳֽʮݣΪʮλһһں֮ϡ
һ֮źλˡǸ޴ëʣһ˫ֺëʣǰơ
ֻ棬һξ۴ڴҵ˫۱ɾȵú֮ʣʱںϵֽһڰƮ𣬾Ȼ̫ƷֱӺ˰֮С
ۼЩֽ֮֮˭֪̫ྐྵεƷ罫֮ڿУһʵ֮ǿǿ԰ˡ
˰Σ˲ŻعȲʣ
ָ̫ƮڿеİֽһŰֽ֮ϣҼҹҩġֻҪ˵һ֣ȡӦʹͣʹ͵Ķӽ鱦ͷβȣ֪λк飿
һԺˣԺˣֻǴˣң㣬¶ԥ֮ɫ
Ҫ˵⿼˵ķҲ̫򵥣ʱ򣬿˵ķŹڼ򵥣δҲһ¡
ֻ̫ƣʮŰֽҩһǷǳҪԼóȻϳһҲϲǽǺε֮¡
ͷ˭뵱Ҫ˳ûܽһ⣬˼Ц
һо
̫תͷ򽭲ǸߣʵλΪΣ
Ǹ׵ʡʱʡɴ˵Ŀʱ䣬Ϸһ޳ɡ
̫ȻһЦȻû飬أΪĶ飿
ͷ˰һۣЦЩҩϵ£ǲġԹܰŰСķԺȥˡ֮⣬Ƕ԰İŴ֧֣۰úַӿˣᷴԡ
̫˵ͷȻ˫Ĵԣڱʽʼɣ˵Ǹߣ΢ЦۼҶͷ
ǸҡͷЦϷһˣ٣ûбҪˡ
ôԣԲΪȻŶһȻΪͶֺαҪμᡣ
߲Ըϳ˶϶㣬Ųϳ
̫ȴҡͷãҲܲ˼ҽ档³ҽպ˳Ц
Ǹ߲Ͻ̫ྐྵץסģ˰Σ̾Ϣһ˵ϷשȨҵ·˰ɡ
һߵһŰֽǰƿһǣĬΣŶдһҩĵּҩĹЧ
ȵǸд֮󣬽̫˫һǰƳ
ֻһ΢紵Űֽҡһ󣬺÷ת˹Ǹ߹ڵһҩĵĽ˵Ҳӡ档
ֻ߶ҩĵĽ˵ƽƽ棬˼·Ű壬޾ԣһʱ֮䣬ûһ˺Ȳʡ


131 ϳ
еһڱͣǿðҡͷѰ˼ͷƷҶǵĵһҩߣѧҲôĪֻһ֮
ҡͷ̾ϢУȴһһЦҡȶ˿ȥԵ׿ѧʶ֮ˡ
ֻҡͷ̾ϢһԷҶҩԾӣҲͽһѧʶҲôѽҿⷨ
ֽһգǰīʣţһ·˵;оȻûа֮ͣ
˿Ľⷨ΢΢һ治һʿˢӡ
֪ҪΪ֮Ȳ׼ʣȴͻ˫ŭסꡱһһڵѪ
ֻǽ˵һҩĵĹЧȴܽ⵽ѪҲǹŽˡ
Ҳֱһ̣Ҳ֪ǿƼ򵥵ҩģӦôҪȻҪܳ״
ٻһѪ֮ͨ죬ǲģ±
ģ±ʻڼɣȻһ֮ʱȴͻǰʧС
ȵӻþѹʱȴǽѪ˵ɫԵò԰
Ȼ棬һʱʣֻŪѪȴдһ֮ʱȴҲдȥˡ
б֮УҲвٺ֮ͽ㼥ЦдˣдȥҪѪˣ
࣬ƴ˼ҩĵ˼ÿдһ֮ʱǰͳֻ󣬵ȻһѪĽ֡
֪˶ãֻͻȻһ״񲣬ɻĿУ˽
˵飬ֽϵҩĸƷˡ
һʱ֮䣬˶а·׷ǰϡ
˱Ըѧ±֮󣬶뵽˽βʱ򣬾ͻֻ󣬲֪ǸֽҩıƷʲô顣
ԭÿдһҩĵĹЧ֮ʱͻἤֽϵһֽƣֽƣǶǰߵһִ
Ҳ˵һϴҩģдҩĵֹЧͻܵӦĳͷ
ͬʱҲףԼ֮ǰһƴдȥǽֻûֻ£߲ѵ
ʮӲ˶в鿴һȴһϳֽϵҩġ
ʱ˷֪ѡ˲ţǺεȵĿ̣ʱǰԴ
̫þϳҡͷεʹᣬҪڴ˽ˣ
ҫʱý׺ݺһ£ӣҲȥԣܳ벻ɣǶġ
ǼȺ˵ĳ棬ǰЩ뷨Ҫǰ¶һȥ֮޲ѪͷҲȥ
ҫҲ֪û£ȥֻԸϳҲûΪˣЦһϨǷݽҵͷ
˶Ĭ֮䣬֮ԾһˣȵҲһԣ
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ͷ˽һۣۼԷ˵ͷ³УĿãŻʡ
ֻߣʮֻ˫һɫ죬Ѫס
дˣЩ֮ͽñ˺ãһҪѪҪЦ
ڴʱ촽΢һεֱӹĶڡ
ȴǽ߳ķڹؼʱ̣һ֮
ý֮ʱӻ˹ǿ֮Ѫ±ʣдһҩĵϸϢ
һȴǿŽųɹģк˵֮Ҫ㣬Ҳֻǽϳһҩġ
д֮һڳǿѹеĲʣ򽭲һ񣬹Ⱥ֮С
̫࿴һĻ΢Ц˴ʹϳһҩģϳһҩģ޵ˣ˴Ρ
֪δ䣬ȴһ˴еׯүڴˣ˴ʹ׽
һй󣬸һɾֻǵӰȴý⵹ǵ߸һ뷨
ľ֮£תͷִֻ֮ͦ⣬ӣ˭
ֻǴʱӣŷǷеĿ⣬ǰһУǻ֮ǰ̬֮
һֱߵҫ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôħ֮ǰϳһȴӲ֨
ڣһ˼Ѫһȫ¶һַǷţ
˲һĻȻʹȫʱྲ
ɿһֵ֪λӸմ˵ȴͣһ£ߵ
Եشһӣһû⣬֪һʱʱ¶治ɫ
˶ʱ棬ܱڵˣͷԷ˭Ҳ֪鵹Щˡ
õָʾĿɨȫ˾׵ĳ¶֮ɫʱȻһЦҪμʹᣬôҲðչУûԼ֮ǰǲܽμӿ˵ġԺԺֻ俼Ŀǲһģ߹ǿˡȿ֮󣬲ŶԻԺԺ˽пˣ˴˿˵ĿһӻĵȵȰɣ
ӳЦһǽ߯ҲСˣСٰʹᣬΪ»ҩšǽȴƫƫҪո˵ıŷλʹᱻǽһ㣬񲻳ԼˡλǰĲμӴȴΪһֲΨ߾ֻ֮ҪԲŷڣͿˣʵӦԸ˼ĿơүҼȻվ˳λԣҾͺڳ˱һҩ֮үˣתߣ̤뽭벽ǽȡʤүҲŪһֲ
⼸仰˵Ȼռȣ˷׷׵ͷ˽е߹ٰʹΪѡҩ˲ţԼ֮
ѽͷȨʱ򣬸ֹأ˵㣬ʹĹأҲøһˡ
ǰΪʲôǵ˿ˣֵ⡢˫Ժ˿ˣ
һʱ䣬ڡԺ֮ˣ۷׷ףѡ
ۼиðͷ̫ڵ˰ָʾ֮󣬶ʱãվҵԸڡ˫ԺˣһпˡۼΪߣڡ˫ԺĿҲۼ
ҫһȴվȵȣһֻҩʦĿֻ¶ƨˣĿûһ
̫üͷ΢壬˵ȴӴЦҪֻҪĿˣ
ҫ֮ͷЩţ´һۣϿʲôԾĵط
Ȼιۿʼ¶һưɫη׹һǸղűԼûԴˡ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ȱ˵³ֻһȡ裬ǺƤҲӦòɣ
̫ĿӣɫɲòŵȷҲҪĿ
ӺķŵȻĿ


132 β
̫ŷǷҲЩ͸ӵĵϸˣԥ˰ΣŻã˵ģ˵ֽϵĵһҩģϳҩģٿĿ
ӺٺȻһЦӹ˵ϵֽʣ±ɣˢˢˢдԼʮӣᴵī˫ֵݸ̫Ŀɡ
̫ӹϸ鿴һ
˵ĿҲּİֽϣ֪ӵǻȡ裬ţ
֪˶ãǸ̫˫һգ˿Щš
˰ΣŻ˫ۣ˿еŰֽֿף̾û뵽ҩţţǹ֮ңȵȵȣۼ߹һ
˵תڷȥȴ΢΢һΪǴط˿ѾտҲǻаӰ
ͬʱȴĿҶ֮ǰվǿô֮£۾âʱ˭Ҳ֪˿ʲô
ʱ֮Уۼһֽҩĵ书Чд˳һʱ䣬֮˷ҳһš
ӰеõҶĴ𰸣һҩĶ˳е֣һҪԼЦˣڱϵھҩĵʱЩ֮˵˼ݣּʶ㣬ҩ໥֤һ
ưһָֻׯıԣȻԼȫǡ
һȴĽסˡ
֮΢һҡͷӼЦˣھҩģ´δ书Ч漰ҩȲѧª֮˵ģ
Цļ̫ǫˣˣˣҩͦģ֪˵˵ļ⡣ҩģ»мֹЧûд֪벻ʶһ£һ̵ָģЩ²̨
ۼӶʱüĪûҩϳ
ʱҫҲоӵĹ֮ۼһﻹˣ̲סŭӣɪʲôϽҹ˵ͻȻҶվĵطһۣȴûҶӰ
˼ϻ۵²⵽һЩ飬ȴȫ϶
ʮ⾡⣬ǳ˷ͷʱЩΣЦүҩ壬Ҫ
˵ȴͻȻԼΪǿӲĺ̨ҶˣʱԴһѵڵĺ׳ȥ
˶ǷʴĶӣٴļȴǴģ̨
Һһ·֮ʱһҶԴ˿̨̾ʱ˫ЩһʱҲû
ȻҫȴЩʲôݺݵһۣŽһƨϣԭλ
һŮβҶ֮󣬳˽
֪ոֵʱȴͻȻҶӰ
֮ͬ췱һĻơ
Ƶĺ֮Уȴ죬ߵŮ壬ɿǸȥǸ򣿡
ǸС塱ŮЦԼûȥҲڰʣ
ָʹǸдеҩģΪʲôΪԼ⡣Ϊ˵һֲΪҪǣ˿ֻôҲ벻Ҷ֮дЩҩģȫֻһʱ𣬸Ǳ
Ҷ£뵽ʲôʲôɴῼ󣬻ʲôĺ
ҶԼľٶѱ֮һʱݳ˽
ɽ飬ȴôҲû뵽ȻΪʹᣬβ׷˳
ԴˣҶȻǸеЩ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô׷˳ʱۼҶӰˣʱЩĪĸ̾Ϣ߰ɣǻȥҺõúòһˡ
ҶݣЩڻûŪҶ֮£Է¡
ԴŮת֮ʣһε߹αִţ㸸ɳ֣Ǳͨˡ
Ҷ
һΪвĻûˡһЦȴǻת̧ͷһô֮Ͽȥ
ֻһüͷ΢οЦ
û˾Ӹµעӣһʱ䣬һ죬ľһſɰģҲֱ
ҶֱӣһɶæתͷȥһݣɴתҶȴѾˡ


133 
΢΢һǰͷУһȺΧ֡
ʱеЩ棬Ҳǰȥ
ǰĵطΧϲ°ˣŮһʱ䣬Ҳȥ
ǰƤһЦǸŮһԾҶ֮ǰվǸ֮ϡ
֮ˣ͸֦ҶԶԶ֮ȥǸŮЦʱҲϲˣ
Ҫ죡һǸŮСԴչһЦȴǷ绪
ԶԶؿһֻǴĵطΪ㣬ٰڷϰ֡
Щ֣ϹŲо֣һƽ֮
ϻ˫ϹŵֲҲЩо˿ѵÿʢ£Ҳ֮ϣϸۿ
ʱһֵ̾λӣϷ˼ʮˣûһƵ˰پֵġλӣ峡ս˵˲Ϣ䣬˾ʮž֣ƽһ֡
ȴһһǰڵͷ˼
Ǵ֣ǰʮ߾֣ȴѱһȥѹֻ˶˵Χۡ
º棬㽫Ŀһоƿ̧ͷȥֻ۽ǴЦкһݣҶ˭
΢΢һ㶣ЦһԭܵˣΪ˻Щϲͷˣֻ¸壬˴Ķ
˼䣬ȴҶǰȥƶ˼ӣԹ֮˷׷׺ȲʣȻƶ⼸֮ǸǱˡ
һҶϲֵˣҪû˿һپ֡
ȵҶߵһٸǰʱȴǿ˼
һǧŲо֣ӹ񣬻ûн͹
Щ£ʶʿǡôһ˵סһֵƽ֮
Ҷ˼ԹһЩ֮ͽЦСӣҪǲУͱǿģ
ȴ̲ס˿֮ƷҶĶڡ
ҶԣЦЦĿ˰ڵĴһۣһӣ֮ƷָƮȻȺ
Ǹ̯߿һ־ƽˣʱҶıӰԸ̾Ӷǳ֮ģ
Թ۵ȺҲǷ׷׹ƺȲʡ
ʱҶȴѾԾ˴֮ϣһЦɹָ㣬¸м
Ǵһ˿ЦӲعǫҸ֮Ʒ֮ǰعѾԼƷˣҲǣ
һЦһԾ˴źȥ
Ҷ˵ЩɬǸѧ˵ĺͯһ㣬ʵӿƺǴˣ
ҶȴǿЦˣʵʵڵĻˣһǴһȹֻƮ⣬ص¡
ԭˣֲ˵˹졣˵ͷ˲ߵһ֮£ʵƮ⣬ǳ˴Ĺ磬ѻعҴܱ߹Σ
Ҷ΢ЦԹ֮£ȿɱȵġ
Ц⻰ЩԲ԰ɣҿǴĻиܵһ˿֮⡣
ҶοЦŮӶСϻۣЩ˿ûˣ߹֮鴫
˵ҶҲֻתƻˣܲ˵νġ֮е׵Ĵڰɡ
Ȼû׷ȥҶ֮ȴǡ͡һЦҪǽһĲŻչ¶ǰֻͻΪµӣֺαȡЦСŮӡ
ҶЦ߹ֻһ֮У֪磬һССɽׯĳҲӵĻʿҲδ̫ˣ
΢Ц˵Цˡ
˵䣬źĴ;
ǸС塱Ů֪ʱ˴ûҸ
ҲЩ˼飬СԸƽ֮ǰԷ˵һ仰˲õĴˡ
ӡУԼС̸Ц⣬ûκһ̸Ц
ʱҶĿ⣬˾С˵ˣøеЩš
֮ϣŸָĻ
ҶԹںϵĻЩȤЩ֮϶еԣС˲Żβȥϼ
ȴǵƤһЦӣҪǴİɣǸѡһԣҪҵĽٶȿ㣬빫ӸһȥΡ
ҶӣЦΪˣɢˣȥʲôһֱֲҪҵ
ֵİһۣЦһֲй£˵ˣǹԺûȥһֲһΪš
ҶЦ˵ϣ鷳ɲС뱻ۣıѡĺá
ȴǵЦҶ϶ˡ
˵䣬Ҵ˹ŴüɳĹѰˣǷˣ
˵꣬һתҶȴѾˣֻһСƿڵϡ
ʰСƿӣȴһöҩŨĵҩ
ѵǴ˵еҩʦ뵽һԾһô֮ϣĿȥȴҲҲҶӰˡ
뵽вһȻʱ˴֮£̧ͷŰ߹Ҽҹȥ
ûֲҵ˭˵һȥңҪȥ𣿡
û뵽Լһ仰Ȼð˴Ļ𣬵Ųǵǣǣ߹˵ǡ
ˣûˣȥ߽û£ٹܱ顣ɨһۣ۽ȴѰҶӰ
Ҷȴʧһ㣬ҲûӰ


134 ֳ
Ҷסҫ˲μ꽭ᣬصׯʱ˰ţȴʼղš
ӽڽ緢ѹȺۣ˿̻ûдǰѹֻΪȫ˿̶ӦΪġ
ۼԼ鷵ׯȴ첻˳ӭԼʱһЦӣһ͵˯ȥˣүţЩһ
ͦŴĶƤΪķǽڣ򿪴ţҶҫӭ˽
֮У֪֮ˣⷭǽŵĻƣһҫɣҶɣԾֻԼˡ
ȻУׯһ˳鿴
һȣֱӳȥ߻ŭе˵ȥˣȻ۵үԷǽţ
Ħȭƣҡڵĳһٺǳ⣬֪˵ˣһӰûС
Ҷɨһۣüô£Ƿż٣Ҳزǰ
ЦЩŵļһһǺȶˣʱָ˯ȥˡ
ҶȴЩѰ˼̹ɽׯֶηǳɭϣܳûŵʹȫׯ˶˼٣̵ΪˣҲһڻ֮гһЩţĪׯ﷢ʲô飿
ҶĬ˰֮˵Ƿֿж鿴һׯ˶ȥˡ
԰գҲҫӦȳסȥ
ҫӶһۣȴǳɽׯȥ
ҶߵȥԺӵС·ϡ
ׯۺɽϰأҵΰׯ԰ռ
ׯߵסҪʮССԺ䡣
Ҷ˺һ߽һ԰֮УȻһƱʲôסš
Ҷһæͷȥֻȸ԰СϣһԻݴС
Ҷüͷһ壬ӣַ˵ദȴѾֹͣ
һĻҶüͷøˣ֪ɽׯȻ£İΣ
Ҳٶ룬ȫٱסСԺ
ͷͷȴްӰԺһ״
ҶһᣬСԺһ̵С
Ժڣڡ
˭֪ոԺڣӭһ
ҶԺһƽԼĶķ˳ȥȴֱҶͷһƣȴһСС̽ʽǾɡ
Ҷ֪ŮõıҪԺѾ򿪡
Ҷ¾ɣԺɨȥȴ΢΢һ
ԭССԺ֮УȻصʮˡ
ֻʮ߰ŮҲа׷ԲԵūимȽϳɫߡ
ҶдǰҲɱ飬δ˺ݶ֮ˣ޹ҲŹ
ҶԺ߹ס¥£¥Ĵ֮Ужʱ˿
Ϊ¥֮УܵϢ˵δ⵽˴ͽĶ֣Ҷ˿
һ̵֮Уվ̵Ķ档
ǰ죬æ̧ͷһʱɴſҶæָǰæѽȥϲĿ
ҶǿЦһ£תͷϵ̣ȴŮɫ㲲Ҷ۲ѡ
һǰȽһöҩ̵УŲ˫Ƶֵĺ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬̵ͷʱð˿˿֮ϣ¶һ˿֮ɫ·
Ҷ־֮ͨ
ڴ˿̣Ҷȴüͷͨʶִʱ̵һ㡣
ྭܴĸҲһźˡ
ʱԼʱϵֻҪ˶ãͻ϶Լϻصļʱڹؼʱ̱ס
뵽ŭҶзڣһᣬŭתΪɱ
֪ׯԼػȻ˳ׯ֣뵽ҶɫޱȣڵĿҲɫı乫һ±ɭ
ʱͻȻӣСҪɣ
ҶʱѹɱЦҪֻҪ÷һЩʱվûˡ
⻰ҲҶڣҪ̳һϹҩʦĴУͨҽƣֻ¾ЩҩʦҲҽ
ڵ˼Σ䳹ȶ֮󣬲չúϢ
վڴǰԲѵˣҶһ˿Ρ
ҪԼסһϻׯ
һϻׯڵ飬Ͳᷢ
뵽Ҷʤ˽⵽ľ
ԭйׯ췢飬Ȼɽׯ˸ɵġ
ǿ̣벻̣
صСԺҶϵľƺһûùƳƾ鲻ãƳе⡣
ؿɱӿɽׯȻֻһˣͶׯǼ̤ׯ棬Ҷٵϡ
ɽ֪ׯһСʮһšɽׯ˸ٴׯûҶٷ
һ֣ȷʵΪݣׯոںɽһƣһٱɽׯѹסˡ
˿ɫƣʤҲҹţҹϸ˵һ֮ˡ
ҶһʮҾƣƿɽׯ֮ء
Ȼ˲ùҶٽҹҲҪֳģ


135 ׯ
ɽׯλںɽˡ
ׯ޽һƬ޾Ⱥɽ֮С
ɽɴССɽ϶ɵȺɽ
ɽһ˵νûоͷûܹŪɽ
Ǻɽڲɽׯˣû·һóȻȺɽ֮УǾн޳
ΪںɽϣдССʮɽׯںɽһЩ׵֮УܲεĶ붾档
ɽڲɽׯܻƬɽ棬Ϊ汲ƬɽѷǳϤܱȫ
ǺɽڲɽׯˣҲһ㲻Щܲ붾ΪЩҪġ
ɽ֮Уܲĵ򣬹ʮмн޳ľأȻмһЩɽׯ֮γȻĻׯڡ
ɽׯռһܲɽ壬Ϊɽ
ɽɽׯĵ̣ûɽׯ׼κԴɽֻ·һ
˵ɽׯһЩȽϽܳӵܣںڷ籤֪ɽׯжӵںڷ籤
һ⣬ڷ籤ÿջһ֮Уֳһɽׯ
ɽׯܹںɽΪɽΪǿɽׯ֮һΪЩɽׯӵڽڷ籤ȻǿƵɽׯ
ҹĸʱ֣Ҷվɽ£ͷɽ
ɽ壬ֱֱ£һƽʯûаֻ֮мֱֱĳ׹
ҪɽΨͨЩʵȥ
ҶˣĿ⴩͸ľͷȴǶ˿ţһͨǿеɽ
ôɽˣʲôҪֻҪʵǵɽʱʵǵϣöԷʬ޴档
Ҷ´һɽĸ߶ȣ˷߰˰ɣվһ˾ǽҪȥֻҲޱȡ
ʹһЩҪͨʵǴɽҲҪһ;вһҲóΪһࡣ
Ҷһߴɽһ˼ɽ֮֮ȴҡͷЦǿϢĵϴɽֻǾ޿ܵģ
վɽ¿һҪϣǰȻĵӰĸһ俴Ҷ
˭һΪߣɨҶһۣƽ
ףҶһһֻҪҶ춯ֻ¾ͻˡ
ҶͻȻֵˣʱ±ӣʼ򣺡ׯʮһ
ʮһʲôʮһ˵ǸΪ׵΢΢һʲôʱɫ΢䣺ׯׯµĵʮһ
ҶǳϿҵĵ˵ͷ£
㡭ɽׯʲôǰ˾ǽɽׯһŴûаƢĿֲǸΪ׵Щ
ȻҲҶĴʮһʱѾǺһ˳䱸
ҶǵֱָԼĳδãֻǵЦݻһׯ·
ׯǱׯԱһŲͬΪ׵䱸Ҷ
ҶοЦҡͷɽׯĴ֮׻˵ԶֺȴԣɲϹѵѽ
ɽׯɸʲѣ㻹ǴȥɣȻֽҶȴԽš
ҶűһЦɽׯǱƵˡ
Сӣ̫ˣΪùͿɽׯУʵ㣬Ǽںڷ籤ĳƢɲáҪǵǳֻ֣ͱ뿪ɽˣ
Ҷüͷɽׯںڷ籤
ΪȻɽׯǿӲĺ̨Ǻڷ籤СӣȰ㻹ǱûȤ뿪ĺã
ҶüͷһѲΪڷ籤ܻסң
һЦҪǲţ;Ӳԣɽׯׯ꣬û˷ׯ¼
ҽĵһˣһԣ԰գҶҲٶ˵һٿĳ
˴ʧɫæӽȥȴѾûҶӰӣǻعм֮ʱ
ȴֻҶͻȻǵǰ棬˵ĺͬʱҶһ£ʱĻ赹ڵء
Ҷɨ˲ݵϵһۣĵͽߣûʹɱֻ֣ǻǣǿɽׯֻߣ࿿ɱ¾
ûˣҶֳϡ
ȴͻһڰҶŤͷһֻۣǸΪ׵ڻ֮ʣȻһƳɵźŵ䵽˰֮С
ǸΪ׵һֱڷҶۼҶѣû˿ԥڱҶĻ֮ǰǽźŵ˳ȥ
ҶһĻȴû⣬һЦҵҪɽׯ˭ܵסҵĲ
԰գѽ˰ɽ
ʱһЦ𣺡СӣСһϣӿô
һԱߵľһγгһ磬ҶֳֵǸ


136 
Ҷ̾ϢһʯһۣʱʯϿ۳һСʯȻҶָһöʯǸ곤ĳ
ֻ飡һ죬Ǹ˿Ѫ˽ɣźȥ
һߵĿߣۼͬҽųԼ˹ֻܲݻľٶֽסͬ顣
֪ͬһ˲䣬Ҳɫ䣬ŲҽһһѪһɳȥ
ҶȴЦһᣬֱӵɽ֮ϡ
ҵһ֮ϵˣҡͷЦЦûǣתӯĲӳɽĽȥ
ɽׯɽۣ֮һųǧʯҶĽ¡
ҶûʩչṦһһ̤ʯϣԼҺ԰һȻ
Լ˼ٸʯףǰͻȻˣɫװֳֳƲ
һҶʰϣһ㶣űʩչһ£תۼ䣬㵽Ҷǰ
˶ҶŭȵǺˣѵ֪ôɽׯ·һ𣡡
ҶЦֻׯһСǰЩׯ˵˵λͨһ
ׯˣСӣôĵӣɽׯׯƲոҴɽѽ
һ൱ɭҶ¶˳Ũɱ
Ҷû˵ŭȣһߵǰȻҪǲͨׯ鷳һãȥ
ɶ㾹Ȼ˵Ŀˣŭһһ磬ֱɨ˳ȥɣ
һȽϼ֣ҲϣһҲʱֽȥֹҶ̣Ҷȫ֮ء
ҶһЦָ΢ȻһĳȻͬʱ˳ȥǧԨ
ֻһУеĳѱɣ˴Ҷһʱ֮䣬Ȼ
ҶɨĿɿڴһۣҡͷЦЦߡ
βŸ˰ٸʯףһ˳һȴʮˣɫװҶ˵
ҶЦЦһһ³ʮ˵󣬻ΪӰһ˸һţʮ˻ΪιͲ๾ȥ
ʮ߷֮Ҷӿ˲ҲЩͽ߶ˣƾ׷ʱ䡣
ʱ˰ʯףǰһ˳˹
ҶһԲָͣ䣬Щû嵽ǰ㵹˳ȥ
²ָͣĵطʱʩչһƷգ۵ķѾ߰˰ٸ̨ס
ʱһڰ𣺡Զǿͣɽׯӵܲ
ԣҶüͷ΢ЦǵԼɽųֹЩɱʽɽׯˣЩͷС
ղ˵ߣΪҲףԼ治СҪȻзأ
һ·˳û˳谭һֱ˷嶥һ㳡֮ϡ
㳡ǧҶɱڡ
˵ȻĿУҶ΢Цߵ˹㳡У˱ȭɽׯȫӭҶĳˣҰ
ǧγʮֶӣÿһֶǰ棬վżߣһϮɫۣƷǷȻĿҶ
Ҷɨ˹㳡ϵ۳һۣʮˣʵѷɽׯׯ죬ūεߡ
ֲɽׯںɽݺ޼ɣʮ㣬ԭɽׯ֮оôūεߡ
ūεߣʹׯҲĸˣɽׯȴһӳʮ
УϴΰԼ֮Ϊͻʵȥˡ
ɽׯūε߽ʮˣټܻһЩزĵơ
ʵҪԼֻ֣ɽ汻ɽׯһͳˡ
һ̤㳡֮ϣҶ㿪ʼѰӰΪɽׯׯӦĳ֮С
ɨһܣҲûӰӣɴ˿ܲɽϡ
ڽ㳡һ˲䡣Ҷȴоһ޵ֱԼ
üڹ㳡֮һԺ֮УΣУֻҪԼвͻᱻɡ
ǸԺ֮еɽׯʵ֮ˡ
˵ʵԶʤǰЩߣ徳磬ֻ¾ԼȽҲûѷɫ
ɴ˿Ҳһ˻֮ߣǷŵ֮УҲݺһʱˡ
ҪԼûгΪߣֻºȡʤʹóƣҲֻԱ
Ҷҡҡͷû뵽ɽׯ֮ĵ̣Ѿɾƥд֮һǼˡ
Щׯƽ£ɽׯׯΪұԵʡ
еұׯɽׯЩһֱׯѹš
ɽׯ˺ڷ籤ɽׯаıǮŷϴ̨¼
ԼСɽׯǵʵ֮ǿԶǺɽ˵һͳɽ֮⣬ֻ


137 ָ
ҶŹ㳡ϵˣ΢ЦȴǳĬһ紵˿΢Ʈ֮
ɵȻ飬ʹɽׯ˷ŭ쳣Ħȭƣ޲Ⱥ֮Ҷһࡣ
ȻһЩĸڿҶʱȴأһӦȴܸоҶһΪ֮ǿѷɽׯʮϡ
䣬ӵд˵Ϊǰˣȷʵ˳ԾС
ɽׯʮҲ鵭ȻҶĿƽ棬е뷨
ȴһ޵ɱѴʮϵ֮мɢ˳
ҶҲڶ֣΢Цվڹ㳡֮ɨ㳡ϵ龰Ϊⷢ⣬ѡԼĺ֮·
ȻʮϣҶη壬ʹ򲻹ҪҲѣΨһ˼ɵڰеǸ֡
ҪԼ汻ֲסʱɽׯǧ󣬾ϣҲܽ
ׯǷѲׯУҶĿ⻺ɨ㳡ϵˡ
ߣֻҶĿһپܱߵĿҶĿһ㣬ָоǾѹȲѣͷҶĿӿ
ͷ֮ȴʱΪԼľٶоһΪɽׯӵܣȻԷĿⶼܲˣЩΪׯӵܵĸо
ҶĿɨ㳡֮󣬱ܸоڳĴˣΪȷʵҲŵūεļ
ĸ֣νһƷмūεľֶһ޶жֵʱһ飬Щȥ
ūūֵĶѣҲһƷ̵ı׼
¾ׯĵʮһһ뷢԰׵ͻȻǰȻڵðȻɽׯΪ£
ĸݣ˫泤Ҫ˵ֱ۳֮һȥ˾ùޱȡ
ȻҶȴ֪Ǵ幦أһʵȫ˫֮ϣԲ״
Ҷ˵ͷׯĵһʮôׯׯҪһġ
뷢԰׵߻ׯׯУ֪ǰɽׯָʲô
ҶЦɽׯ幦£ڽҹɽׯɳһˣͶׯиǳˡ¼ȻΪׯĵʮһȻӲܣҲֻѧŹׯķɽׯһˣ
⻰Ϸɲͬɽɽׯһ֦ͬͬˡׯӵһʱִɱׯˣҲ֮٣ºαؽ²ţҡҡͷǾ¸ûʲô˵ĵط
ҶȴǺֺЦһ֦ͬͬˣɱׯ˲˵ŵҡǺãҲΪɽׯΪ˲˺ЩׯɽׯӵܣǶҽֻҪǽˣߣǲɽׯܶׯҽܲܶɽׯ
СһôĿҲ·ͷһһվ˳
ͷֻмϡİ׷Ÿֶ֣գɷڣ˫ۿ֮䣬ѪȻй
Ҷ´˴һۣ΢Ц֪ǰγƺ
ɴҵ̧Ϸһ̡ţϷ·棬ɽׯĹϣȻԼĴš
ҶŶһȭԭΪǰȻ֪ɽׯȴû뵽ɽׯճϣɽׯǺɰٴɲѽ
ϻ˵ϷҪʲô£ȻҪɽׯְɣ·һЦ󲽳Ҷ˹
Ҷû뵽Ǿ̽һԼĵϸֱӾɳһʿߡ
ҪԼһ
һٳܣ׻Լ
µҶҲٶ룬ЦȻǰҪָ̣Ȼ֮ã
˵ҶΪܵΧ֮䣬ߵ˹㳡ıԵش·棬΢Ц´УҪɽׯָ޹ؽҪ˷ȭۣǰȷҪͷ񣿡
·ԣɷһЦôĿȭ˵һȭֱӵһȭӰǰҶ
ҶȻһЦƮƮһӭϣȴƻƼ֮УΪ졣
㳡˶ҶҪܴɽׯһŵкβ֮
ҶֵĶɶȻٶȴ죬˲䵽·ǰݲӦ
ֻ飡һ죬Ҷƣӡ·ؿڡ
·ʵʵһƣ壬һʱ䣬ҲЩԲ
û뵽Ҷٶ֮죬׼䣬㰤һƣһƴһӶû֪
ҶһƽͣЪֱӻΪȭֱӳ·Դҳָɾ䣬顣
·ξ˫ֵԴǰٴη顱һ죬Ҷվԭû·ȴʮ
ϲ԰ޱȣݳѪû뵽ոսغϣͽƿߵԼΪĽսǰСӡ
Ҷÿƶһ²ͻҳһȭ
ô˵ǰһ󱲴ܣ·涪ҧǿϵĲʣٴӭȥ
ǡ飡һ죬ҶȻվԭأȲ·ȴһɣѪײ
ҶһЦȭǰˣ
֮ڣ·ѱûа㷴·۾֮ɫ
ͬʱҲȻѪԼʽҶơ
ҪȻҶҲ֮ڣͳ׻Լ
Ҳ֪Լ򲻹ҶƴʽӲƴΪҶ֡
ǣԲİߣȴǸǳӲ
䣬ȴ䣬Ҫ֣Աһ̾Ϣһ³ϣǲĶԵģسǿˣ°ɡ


138 ս
ϣһս·ü΢Щ
һҡͷʹׯѧ֮ҲӵĶ֣ٶˡ
ϣ㲻Ҫ־Լҵ磬һҵĹټɣôܶӣ·ЩԽܵ
Ǹҡҡͷתߵһߣϣȥλֽһ¡
ǣϡһʮˣ̤ǰһСӣֻܲɽׯƾֵҲ˵
Ҷ˫һˣְɣ
Сˡһʧ˵֮Уȵ֮ʱѾҶͷ֮
¶£һҶԴҪ֮ʣһֻƣͻȻ
ֻ飡һҶµʯѳϸ죬ǸˣȴѾ˳ȥ
һغϣƾС
ʱҶҲһͻȻʧȵ֮ʱѾ˵Ͽգһѹ£Цݵǰùֻ֮ˣ
СӹȻЩŵһһٴγҶϿգҪʼʩ
֪ʱҶͻȻݳһ˿Цתһĳпգ޼Ѱǳͻأ˼֮ϡ
飡ֱֱѪ˳ȥǱ޴ľײһ㣬׷ɵͷޱȡ
һͻȻȺʮ׿⣬ֽסǸˣ˵ȴٴεʮſס
Ҷüͷһȭ΢Цǰˣ
һ£վӣѾݳһ˿Ѫ˫۾ⱬ䣬ҶСӣҺȪĲĶ֣
Ļһ䣬㳡ϵ˶ʱһȻû뵽˵Ļʾ
ȪĻͷɨЩһۣұ죡һȺ֪ߵغļһߴ½ǵĿͷԣ
귢һɽׯӵܶʱˣȻɽׯŲĵλ
ɽׯӵЩŵҶʵû뵽Ҷ
˵ׯĵʮһɽںɽһһһ֮ƣųʮһ
Ͼֻһ֮еĸ֣һĸ֣ڹϣڴ򶼾ϣһǲһ
֮ûֲɣҪʱۡ
½ϣԶ깦γһߵΪ
ڽ죬ҶȻһ٣ٶĴɽׯЩϣʵЩš
Ҷ̧ͷЦǰǫˣλǰҲһһˣֱһϰɣ
ɽׯĴ̾ϢһӺǣɽׯˣԺɾûںɽˣ
Ҷ΢ЦȻˣɽׯׯ˽ɣֻҪˣ±㲻ٱ˶֣
ϿΧһۣ˶˵ͷһ£̤ǰһʤϷ٣
ҶЦܵɽׯĴָ㣬룡
Ϸ֣ˣ鵭ȻҶԵ˹ӣ£
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ÿ޶ɫһڹһһɫĳѾҶǰٶ֮죬һ㡣
ҶָһеȴһӲϵĺɫƫλá
ϵĵȻȴǲһЩ֮ҶǲһΡ
Ͼ쵽ϵĴ֪ҶĹԶԼ֮ϣȻӲƴ
ҪԵȡʤʱ꣬ҶչĹƣҪѨ˷ʤ
ĵҶҲֻԾƶϵĵ·һơ
Դ˿ƾ㵶Ҳվԭһ֮ʣָᵯָȿЩ⡣
ȻķȽϱҲҲɽׯĴϴ粽ѽ̶ȵıȫ
֮ʱԪŨ쳣Ҷÿ춼ڽ
ӵʮǱʵ巽棬
Ҫͬǿǿöࡣ
Ҳԭʽ֮䣬ͽһūεߡ
ȻһЩҲйˣҶҪȡʤֻҲЩѶˡ
ԣ˿Ҷָ㣬ʵǿޱȵ
ϵһҶָһɢԣԿռӵĸо
㳡ϵ˶Щ
ҶƺûʹȫվԭһȻޱȡ
ǵĴϵĶͷ֮ɽܶ飬ҶѣǴ߶ȫڶԵС
˵Σһ֪˭ʤһ
ʼϳʱǻһ˿ϣϾϵϣĿУϵġ
ʱƣǵһ˿ϣҲˡ
λ˱ȣҲܹԶˣʱսĴͻȻҡҡͷλϣһ´ӣ
ϵķԺеĳ϶¶ѿ֮ɫתͷӼۡ
ȴһϳҳһ֮ɣ
԰գһ̤ǰԾսȦ֮УȻ׼ᣬһȥźХҶĺ󱳡
ҶһЦãɽׯ磬һУУˣñүʲôң
һЦ֮ҶӭϱǸϣָһٴε˴ϵĺɫ
ĳϣܵҶȫһ˺󼸲
ҶƲˣϣǺһȭ
ǸȫתȻһӭϣȭֻཻ顱һǸ׷˳ȥҶҲ˺
ʱϵĺɫȻҶָʱһ̽ӭϷޱȵڡ
ֻһĥҶϵĺɫײ֮ȴ˿˿ǡ
û뵽㻹һǿĺ򣡡΢һ£Ҳ֮һ١
ҶȻᣬƮƮһؿڡ
ۼűҪ֣һȻ֣ӭҶơ
Ҷ֮£ֻƶˣ֪ǰһǱٴεҶǰ˫ۡ
սһȻǿѽҶȻһЦҡͷ̤ܿǰٴϵؿڡ
±޿ɱܣصӭϣֻӭȥ顱һҶӲĽֱӵ˳ȥ
ʱϮҶתӭϣƷֱ϶ˣֻ飡飡죬ϣȻҲˡ
˾˵һĻǳЩɽׯӵܣҲЩ
ͬͬʱӭսһ󱲣ǵûռϷ磬Էһһˡ
ʮһһΪжߣ
ĪɣѾ뻯ˣ
Ȼܣ뻯ߣԼصս֮
Ҷһ뻯ߣһʹֻˣûһһ֮С


139 ȫ
Ҷ׷ɵˣٺһЦô鷳ˣһϰɣһʣ
ɫ΢һСޣ̫ˣɣŤͷȵǷֹ󣡡
ϻһ䣬жʱվˣ˲佫ҶΧ
ҶüֻһߣϣҶҲſԵסǵĹơ
ǸǷֹȴһ˿ľ裬һٸߣǷɢζķһһơ
һٸߵԽһ󷨣ʵۺһһͷųʱ򣬱˵ȡʤˣֻܷ¶˵
۾΢Уɨһߣ΢Цɽׯһŵ˰ɣ
ȴ΢ЦǷֹȻпɣȴɽׯǿ󷨡˴ʮϲһ󷨵㣬־ܣһȫʬǽһ𣬱㽫ٽ裬ʱ䱣ȫԼʬֻҲˣ
ҶЦãñһɽׯνİǷֹҵҪмΣ
ˣЩĸ˵İˣ󣡡
˶ٶҶƶ֮䣬ǰӦϣȻҶĸλȫסˡ
Ҷʽ̺һ˿Ȼ֮ʱʱ󷨵ļɵˡ
Уٵȥˣһ󷨣Լؽǰδеվ֮С
뵽Ҷı˫ֳֽתתܵĿʱۺһ˲γһεĿռ䡣
áꡱһ죬Ҷµʯ壬ѱѣƮ
Ҷ⴦ռģһݺᣬһʽƣ
ټгɰǧĽӰÿһӰһڲˡ
ֻһġ飡飡֮д󲿷ֵĲ꣬Ȼֱֱ׷˳ȥ
ҶһЩ֮һϸǰ㵣ӦʱѾһ
æӭϣվԱ⼸ϣҲŹҶǷӦ죬Ȼս֮
ҶһڴϵĲ֮ϣϷһƺߣʱ׷˳ȥ
ţҶתһһƣֱϮԼļλϡ
ꡱ죬ཻҶ˺һһȴѾֹǷԹۣʹޱȡ
һߣǱҶһѪ˳ȥ
һ֣ҶʱԾ˹㳡λʯ׵ıأͷȭ΢ЦɽׯİǷֹ󣬹Ȼˣ
ˣЩȻϣʩչһʽ㱻Ҷһһɾϡﻩ
Դɽׯǰδе顣
˵ķ£վۡһѪҶһĻ֮ϣȻûҪ
һҲҪȻҲѪˡ
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עҶӻȡֽĨȥǵѪգɽׯһȷʵû˿ʤ㣬
˵ڴָʾָڳ֮ʱ
ҶȴѳЦһǴ󲻳ɣĪǻŪһʮִ¿ܲ𣬸ˣ
δϣҶԾ˹㳡˸֮䣬ʯס
һûϵİǷֹ󣬾ͱƵҪȫԶԣǶԷٰڳһȰǷֹ󷨣Ҷֻڴˡ
ֱ飬Ҷٴǲȥ׳Եģһ׼ᣬȻʮƣΪϡ
ɽׯżȼľ֣䲻£Լ⼸˴һʱ
ɽׯǧΧǿˣ
뿪ˣ˴ϡ
ϴʱɫճҶԶȥıӰֱҶʧɽ֮£ղ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
һҶһ˵ʵϣôˣɽׯδ棿
ô죿ĸಫҪǵôӷɱЩϲҲ˴롣
·ҶĹ£ŸղչʾģҶʵ
ǵҶױĥҶ㳡Ҳ֪Ҫж˻ᱻҶȥ汳
ָָɽׯղźβ˳֣˵ôҲɽׯ߳ȥˣôڽ˺ڷ籤֮󣬾汳ڰɣ
·ߵȻҲɽׯӵܣΪڷ籤֮һĸĿһУǳ̸֣ף
ϣŴҪ˶ãͻᴫɽʱֻ˶ῴɽׯЦһ֮ɫ
ȪĵȻɽׯ˭ҿɽׯЦ೤ϲҪ̫ˣ
ǸЦĪǱǸС˵뷨ˣ
ˣ¾͵ΪֹҶ˵ˣϰڰֹ֣˵ִɫ侲˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ѿ̫Ҳֻεҡҡͷٿˡ
Ͽʵ飬̾˿ǱΪϲ˴ӣֻҪ̫˵㡣Ϊһʹɽׯ˴룬ʱɽҪȡǶ֮Ǻܶġ¶ԴΪأɽׯΪǵĴ߶кĿȥɽׯȱ
˴ϵ˼ɽׯɱ˲ҶҪɱĴʵ̫󣬾ɽׯҲܲ


140 ڷ籤
ҶƮɽβ֮˸һ֮䣬ɣٶȿþˡ
֮ƴ·ɽׯӦòưոݣׯ¼ʵ̫ɽׯϡ
ɽׯһԼ뿪·һᰵɱ֡
뿪ɽ֮һ·ʮ;ȴһֱû˶֣ɽׯĲƽˡ
Ҷо棬û뵽ɽׯĴϣȻ˿ÿʵѵ֮
ҶҲʰ첻ҪȻҲڿׯֻ֮һ˴ɽׯˡ
һɽ֮ҶϢһ£ȻɨŸ·
ʱ峽ɽȣʹɽ֮еҶȾ˽ɫ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢЩɽׯӵȻĸԸ쳣͸һϵ˰
ǵʵȷʵҪׯӵܸ߳һΣԼԺһ뿪ׯֻׯϾͻᱻɽׯ̲
ԼӣׯѵһֲС
ֻׯûԼ£ɽׯѹס
СɽϣһʯͷСЩ˵ˮվʯͷϳ˼
ҶԽյĽսУƲɽׯĵơ
ׯɽׯⲻһս̽ɽׯʵȥҲɽׯֵ̣Ӷһš
ʱҶȻתŹͷȥȴɽȵ֮վ˼ˣһϮ£ͷУ趯
Ҷɨһ´ŵоˣվɽȵߣϣŵ⣬Ȼһɫߡ
ʵȻߣдֻЩλͽΪߵģҲһʿ
һССĺɽϣһǳ˲ôˡ
Ҷλݹ٣Ī£ºǴ֮Уڷ籤б־Ҷ벻ϳѡ
֮Уı˵ıȫǶǼ࿹ĵ̣Ϊı֮Уʦ
Сһ㵨Ǻڷ籤ˣȻ̸Цһͳ𣬳˸һȵơ
Ҷ۾ɨ˴һۣ΢ЦǰҲɽׯ߳ȥ˰ɡô˺ڷ籤ڶҪˣڱտڣǺڱ磬ȴڲᡮɽׯ֣
֮ǰڵһɽׯûЩ˵İԷ֣нյľ档СһַҲ̫ˣָһˣҪԶ֣
Ҷ΢ЦҡͷΪڷ籤¶䣬ȴʧĺѽǺǣЩڷ籤ţĴɶᣬֶҲ̫ڷ籤˰ɣ
ٺ٣Ǻڷ籤£һˣطϻ֣˷һͺȣŸ˺ȻһҶ
ǱϳȻʣĽƣҶ
Ҷҡҡͷһ˹ȿڣŸӰΣΧһȦҶֹȥ
Ҫסң٣ֻ²ǵѽҶ͵ĻͻȻԼһ˺һȦ
飡һƺߣһ˵˳ȥݺ˹ȱ֮ϣҳ
Ҷһȭȫ֣飬ʮɵ֣һȭȥǸѾ飬ӹȱϻ֮˫ų鴤£Ȼˡ
쵰ɱǺڷ籤ˣСӣǻˣһһŭȣ͵һǣ·ƾձ˼֡
һƣȻ֮ǰǿһֹ
Ҳݣڷ籤ˣȻɽׯ˿ܱġŸˣȫһɫߣ˶һֱķţҶҲһȫɱ
뵽Ҷԥһһ֮С
ɽϣĲ࣬Ƭ֣ȴǴǣҪˣĵطȴٺòˡ
ߣӣûôףΪ׵һЦһ˽֮УﴫһҵĴ򶷡
ֻ飡һ죬ôȻըʵpΪƬķѵı俪
Щľм֮Уǰ׷ȥǸˣҲ˳
˸˶ǳһеôˣδϣæӭȥǸʵﵽʿ֮
Ǹվһƿˣ̧ͷҶ֮ǰƬӣҧгݣ
ģýƻСӣȻ沼˻أһʱȻˣ
˵Żһǰʱһεǰһ˿ڴ
ʲô˶ԾĿˣ״˵һٶʲô
ҡҡͷСӵָڿˣҲ֪ʲôаŵţһָ壬Ȼɢȥ֡ģڴҲôˣȴûаŵĹֶΡˣǲ׷ˣСȻֻһߣһʵ±׷ˣҲδɱ
ɽׯˣһüǰô˵ҲɽׯˣׯӱˣһӣȻص˺ڷ籤ֻ»ᱻЦѽ


141 
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һȴǳһ£˵ͷЩǵǺڷ籤뵶ұһˮˮΪλͻ
ЩˣֵõϹģǸΪ׵İ⽫ǰƴһ£ֵ߰ɣĻһССׯȻ˸񣡡
Ի꣬һʧ١
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ʱֻһ֮һҶӰȴ˳ǾŸȥӰü͸һƳأڷ籤ұ
Ҷ֮ûм뿪ǸΪװ˴򶷵ʱȴͻȻ˼ǿϢԼˣﵽʿ֮
ܵǿϢľҶԥһ֮󣬱ҪɱǾŸ˵˼û뵽ڷ籤ɳôĸֽɽ
һᣬ漴׹Ǻڷ籤ͷġ
Ȼڷ籤뵶ұôۣׯһǺڷ籤̽ұõĿꡣ
Ϊׯںڷ籤УȻֵһᣬ̣ȴǵұٱδޡ
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ǱսȴׯСС㡣
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ȻԸҪԼڷ籤˵Ϣ̵ĶС
Ů˵ǻۣڵ֪Ϣ֮Ӧûᶮȥ
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Ҷ⻰ʱ¶ķĵ׵һͻȻȼ
֪ʱȻʤԺ𣺡Ҷӣҵ飬Ѿˣܷһ
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ʴ̾Ϣһź۹һƿһҺ󣬲ŵӲµòЩμɵǵׯΧתƣѸץ˼ˣ˿ǵǿӲֶΣʱûӰԲɴ⡣˵һƲɣЩ˶ֻʹóƣӣӦô죿
ҶȻԶʮһͣ˼ȽϿţһŮ˸ʤûʲôֻĽԷ͵ĿɨӣҲΪԿ
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ʤҳֲ֮巢ұͬʱĵ׶ҶҲҳˡ
Դ˿ҶֱׯСķûаĵЩȻ
ʱҶķԺҲûаԥֱӵͷȻ˵ȥհ죡
԰գǹ˳Ժӡ
ɻȥӰ֮󣬲ҶӣΪʲô˿ѽ
ٺ٣֮飬ͲҪˡҶ˵Ϣǻ̵סֱͰ֮С
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¶Ҳǽ߾ĵȥӭҶԱʾԼҶ⡣
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Ȼνġߡһְֻһϳĳ򣬵ΪıְȱҲǻ˴ġ
ҶȻְȱûаȤСȥңһ뵽·Ͽܻкڷ籤˽ɱǲȥˡ
ְȱҲйѣپıģҶ˵ܾĻ
ҶڣҲֻĬˣΪʰһȻЦ˯ˡ


142 Ϯ
ڶգ̴ͬҶŮȻŮ֮У⻹˶ʮ󳵣ׯ
Ůǰһ󳵣ҶһŮŵ󳵡
Ȼ󳵵ĳȻǷҶĪˡ
һ֮޳ĸûʲôˣһŮ˯ˣҶӣԵұж˽⣿
Ҷüδôұڴܳô
Ȼ֪ұǴı֮һıϸ治ô˽⡣
㶡ǿɰӻǸֵˣׯȻ֪ұ
Ҷͷһ۵СѾͷл˵ɶʱѧθһˡ
СԴҿ˿ûע⵽һߣƿҶߣЦ˼ǸҵӵθڣʵҲ֪ұ飬ֻС˵ıһЩ¼ˡ⵶ұı֮еһӦôĲ򵥣ǵȥұ֮һҪԼУҪǵұˡ
ⷬҶȴǴüͷıȻָŴĴʼˣһͬƴµĴǱʲôȴδ˵
ԶԼĻҪӵĶѽ
һ·˵˵̸̸ҶĶƶҼ࣬СѾͷСʱ򣬶ǳ˲ٿͷ
һ·һֱʱ֣ѡһĽҰӪ
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һĻȴ΢΢һ㶣¶һ˿죬ǲܻǰ˵ģôҲ벻Էôѹ
ѹٶȣɱԤƵģٿʮɲһָܰ쵽顣
ָһ޽ǵķ˿촽㲻Ҫң˺ƤҲԱ֤һԶƬɭ֮СǸͬŮǸչһģӦ֮ǰüġ
˵⻰ңңɨӪ֮֮ء
Ҷüͷ壬Ů˻ĽɫԶץסԼΨһ黹Щðˡ
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Ҷԥ飬ӯӯһЦǰ
߶֮䣬΢۵һǣ¶һ˫޳ȣʵĶ
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ҪȻͼŮ˵С
ҶԼǰˣü΢΢С΢ƣЩмһ˻СŮӳ㲻ɣ


143 ˼
Ҷ̹ȻĵͷСŮӡҾӣһ֮£СŮභǻԿģҲò㡣
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Լеɱﵣ֪˼ҸûϣһǿɺޣҪ֪óУġ
뵽Ҷ㵽׽̣
ĺܺ棬̿νͬһŮΪηҪأ֮䵽ʲôⲻĳԹ
һ㣬ҶĸеЩ档
˵ϻˣ㾹Ȼ뽻̣һһҪ䵱ĻʹߣǱսɣɱ㣬Ȼׯ
˵ϣǲɱʱᶯ֡
ҶȴǿЦѣûŮ˶ֵľ飬֮Ҷŷһ̾Ϣйׯ飬ҿΪֻׯһϳĳ򣬿һ飬ô
ûаأҲʲô飬̱ңҲѵ㾫㡣
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ЦЦҶ͵ûʦڴɲֻеұӵʦıڴ˴˶꣬ûյĵƣֻͱˡ
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ǰŮвҶҲЩҲסˡ
ҲˣҪʦҲҴ󶷿ˣ˵ף㻹ǹ˼ҵʵ
ҶһЦǰŮ˵ɣǸһֻһ˵ﵶұΧ֮ڡ˵ұΧ֮ŻׯˣҵʱһǡȻӦѪƴһܹȫɱҲаգʱһ㹲Ȫ
ԽԽ䣬ȵҶ˵֮ʣҪһ㣬עӵҶ
㻹浱Сɵȥұĵ϶ֻ֣µʱ򲻵Ը̣ǵ˷Ҫûˡ
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ҵȭһգȴǽҶ֮ǰվ֦ŷ˿
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ЯɽƣҶûаԥһӳâ䣬ݺݵĳ·նȥ
ܵͷ˵Ľ⣬΢̧ͷݺݵҶһۣŽúĵˣһҲÏϧ񡣡
Ȼ˵֣Ҳ˿Ҷ΢΢һԭ˳ϵ˿ȻΪһסҶеĳ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ʵû뵽⿴װ֮´ҲԻΪ˹ı
뵽гעһֱɨɨҪ´ϡ
ֻ֪һ󡰿֨Ħ
һǽ֮󣬲ڳ֮ϵ´ȴ˿
ǺǣǱ˿ƵĲɫ´ΪŪʱǻģýҪأ
һЦ࡭Сٴε֮ϣڿռ仮һĻȣҶϮ
ٺ٣˿ƵıǻǿϧˡҶҲһЦһȭӿֱӹ볤֮С
ֻɫĽâһԭͨĳȻͷųľ˽ʲôҪһ㡣
ܵǱƣд󾪣΢Ҫɫ´ջء
ҶֶΣ⣬֮ϰâһֻꡱһϵĲɫ´ŵĿУ׷׶ѿ
Ҷ̽һʴץУٺһЦˣͦˣл
˵꣬ҲҪ˵Ŀ⣬Ľһɫ˿˻С


144 Ūɳ׾
ģŪϱСıҪɱ㡣ŭŭˮ֮кһһʺѪѣѳС
ʮҹ£˺δ̴˵ʵǲӦಫѽҶһпЦᴫʱһҧгݡ
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԰գеѣƿմһӦµѣ˿ȫȻ˶̱ʹá
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޳ţݺݵҶ֮ϡ
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Ҷ˵ָ꣬ǵѪĿб˵ˣףһҪɱңֻ仰òѾ˵ܶˡ
ҶıȻûаղӡ֮ͦϵָУȴ΢΢һŮ˵ǴطֱĲѽ
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ȫΪеĵط£ɫȻޱȣȻɿһ㳱֮˵˵ŭգ޵Ĳɷ
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Ҷֵ˫ֱֱ𿪣΢΢һԥһ£Ҳվ
ҶһԣЦһ£ɵһôı·


145 ǿ
ҶɨµķһۣڵҵˣΪվһӴͿҵģ
˵ҶһµĴֱ֮ӽѹ֮ϣֵס𣬳ҸоóƺûŲţǸʦҲκεң
ſҺôͻȻҵ֮ռˣֻʲô뷨Һͺڷ籤ԨԴʧ㣬úڷ籤֪ˣӺڷ籤׷ɱȵһﵽʦ֮ڷ籤׷ɱ֮һһӸߵģȷſңô
Ҷô˵Ƿſ
æӵʰЩҵѣ
ҶȴǸоõȻʧԼǺԼ˫֮ȴǵõٺô
һ˿ʦİ壬˫ֱ֮Ҷ˿ܸӦѾһ˿
ͬԼ˫֮ڵҲõҲԴŮ֮С
˫֮ζʳѻƬһ˳޲ҹҹȥ
˶־Ӳ֮Ȼᱻָ־˿Ҷе
˵˵Ǻڷ籤ΪηҪɱ̣ѵͲ뵶ұ²ɻ𣿡
Ҷʱڷ籤ĸޱȣǰ§ס˴Ů֫Ŀڵ
ʵǺڷ籤Ҫɱ˳˴Ǯǻ׽̡ǸǮǳֵˣֻкڷ籤ı֪Ҳֻ£ȻΪڷ籤ĸʵȨǺܴΪ֮⣬ڷ籤ĸŮ֮ԵʣĴ󸱱֮УҵСġ
жȻΪףȴǺڷ籤ʿûбңҲ޷ȡжġ
ֻҪڷ籤˴ж֮ûʦĸ֣ûʲôþģҲܻסׯ˵İΣʱЯһûġֻҪһǽ˵ұΧǺڷ籤ˣҲײˣ
˵Ҷһߣȥڷ籤צЩһȻֻǱǣԺᱤ֮λҲûаô
֪һҪ̽뵶ұˣҲֻܻȴܴ⣬ҪȻҸûꡣ
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ǰãҪɱԼȴΪһŮˣ˷ɴף仯Щš
ʱһӰͻȻͷ֮ӹ
ˣǰͷģɵҶ̬֮󣬶ʱоЩӶݣҪֱӽȥ
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ոԾҶһһƬҶֱӽǰӴ֮˸˸͸ġ
ţִɷ羰飬Զ֣صڷ籤֮Ҫʲô⣬ׯҡ
˵Ҷӻȡһ׹еպˣȫ£ҲֵǮǼҴ֮ȿǶ֮Ҳ˵ԺǧŪˡ
Ҷ˵֮䣬һ˫ϲͣţܡ
ý˫֮ͬһԴ㣬໥
ټҶֶһЩĵֶΣִûоζȻ޷Ҷ
һҶ§סѹȥ
ʱƬɭǧĺڷ籤
һ֮У֮ϣһӢ䲻ˡ
ҽôˣЩ֮ϵӢüͷǲĪǴ˴жʲô⣿˴жбӣؾǳ⣬ҲӦģҶˡ
˵Ӣ䲻ˣ֣ʱһȫź۵˳˴֮С
ĪϣǰȥӦһ±˴ԭ̣úһµұˣȴı£ΪһĪ㻹һ˰ɡ
ǣ΢΢ͷתǳ˴
ϵ־׵׵ӢˣҲ¶һ˿֮⡣
ʱһƬݵ֮С
ϵޣǰŮ˵ľⴲ㾹ȻʦͨҶ̾һٴ§ס֫
ֳ쳣Цݵǻ̵зҪҰЩ˵̬ܾһ
˵ɫȴͻȻһҪغڷ籤֮˺£Ҹ᲻¡ϹҺú÷㣬Ժ˺ڷ籤һġ
ڷ籤鲻ڵĹϵǧҪ͸¶ڷ籤֪Ҷ§סֲֵߣ
׼ôƿغڷ籤Ҫڸһʱ䣿ʦ֮ٻȥͿȫԸˡ
ԸڶʮǰѾ˾ʦ֮ϼ޻ɲǰöԸġȥұҲǧҪСģұıҲǸʦһƶˣҰļ󡣶˲ţΪãһ뷨ӻġһ㶣ֱӿڵҵұٱҲһ˽ܣһҹػ̵ߣֻҲȡжġ
ұٱдеǰ
ұıӣߣڴԴһɣרΪұʿԵұӵǧﴴİΪǿʿҲΪֲȫЩҪļһ֪ǧ֮ܳΪұٱľֵµһʿ
ǧʿôһ˵ҵĲ֪ұٱ˱¡
ҶаԾԣ⵶ǧﻹǸ򵥵Ľɫ
ҺԼȻȻ֮ģһҪõ֮ׯȫΪԵʡ
˵Ů˰֪·£ҪȥǣǿɾԾĹˡ
Ҳģڵұʲô飬ʲôӣһἤڷ籤뵶ұķʱܾ˵Ľ֣ǵʱܴлȨϴơ
ΪҶȻ⣬Ѻڷ籤ǧĻҵȫɵϡ
ȻΪԼԼҲܺˣĺ
Ҫ֪Ļй¶˳ȥֻҪڷ籤ֱӴԼ̣ΪǴɡ
ڸһһΪԼ֮ҶҲֱľѧ
Ҷѧľѧһ쳯Ĵ壬ڴĵطǸܳȾġ


146 
ҶɣҲḺġõҶڸĹؼ֮ҲʮָжǰסҶ
㣡˫޵ʱ򣬿ɲϣ˿šҶ˳һïܵУŶְ·
ţ֮ǰҽŵ֮һԹˣҿԺúóһҶѹ£ͻȻЦ
Ҷɣ滵͸ˣϺ̬ͮͮԥãŵͷȥҧסҶСܵܣô˵ķҲ֪ôġ
ʱ֮Ͽգ֮С
Ҷ§ŴŮˮһļ
Ҷɣ֮⣬Ժ󻹻᲻ŮˣҶĻͻȻڵŮ˵ɫѷңǧҪ˵û֮ģңһ·ǸŮҲ쳣ƺҲЩ岻Ĺϵ
̴ŮҰĺֻܴׯһССĳѣôܿҡһֱ뽫ׯչΪһȻӴ˲ҪκҲܶ档Զ˵ұٱչׯΪؼĳ룬Ҳֵġ
ˣ˵ˣ˵˵ǸŮɣôϵģĻʵҶһ㶣
ңҷĺܹǸŮܸܲң֮䣬׷ʲôĹ£
ˣֻǾȹҵҶйŵԺ۵ʲôطġҲģʦ֮ʱһֱӴڷ籤ȢҶҵĴš
Ҷһ㷢Ҷһŵ
ҶɣǧĳŵˣҶͷһ֮󣬺Ȼ𣬻ΪһӰû֮Уת۲Ӱ
ֻһ䵭ĻƮ͵ҶĶߣһһֱںڷ籤Ȣҵһ졣
ҶҪٴסȴֻסһӰв𼸷ꡣ
ȥķ򣬰֮Ҷʰһ飬񣬻صӪ֮С
޳֮ϣĴĴɭ֣е׺żһЩĵƻҹľɫȷʵ
ʤȻ˹пĹĴǱͬϷ¡ĴǱָĿ飬ұռ֮أЩնɽһ򵱹أĪ֮֮ƣƬǵСĴǱ֮ЩСҲٵվ⣬ںڷ籤ΧֻҪڷ籤ǿǱ㱻ǸԵأһƬϵϰҲս׷֮ࡣǣЩڷ籤ĸֿ˰գȴʹԹصӦϣڷ籤һֱǿȥǳ˥ȥźأ
ҶһƬأǺڷ籤ƣ
ʤɫĴǱ֮Уڷ籤˵ڵڶλЩڷ籤ıΪ㲻סĴԣ˱ʵñƼұ󣬳ĸ֮ڵĻƣڷ籤ʵǾȡҪζѱ壬ĴֻǺڷ籤һҶˡϴ籤ұʱǾȻ;ȥұǵƴñƼұû˲ٱһƼұһ֮࣬ǳ䵽ʮڷ籤ȻȻƴѹƼұһͷڲȴûԶ֮¹˭֣δ֪ѽ
ҶԼ·ɱ֪ʤͨһЩֶΣϱ̡
ȻڽӵʤϱϢ֮˽ȥ֤ȻһЩԱټ
ӪɭϵĽ䱸׶Σ˶ʼӪΧ
ҶͨʤĹϵҪˣһЩǳɵ壬ԷֹǸֲ
æЩְ֮кʤһЩ״Ӧʩʤסͷ
ʤһЩַҶ̸Ķϱ̣һʱ֮䣬̶ƽռΪ۵£ҲΪע
ʤЩǳڵΣڽʱлָȨƽʤС
һ㣬ͿԿŮ˵ڡ
磬Ҫ˲ɣҪġ
ʤȨգ͵ҶȨգΪ˸÷ЩʵҶбʤѡЩƳ
дˣߣҲóʹġ
ȻЩҶû̫⣬ʤѡǼĻ
Զ̱ʺϷɱͻϮߡ
Ҷǵļȥߴݼ˰ʱѧһ׷ǳɱļ
Ըв㣬һʱҲõĹˣֻýˡ


147 ̶ͷ
֮ҹ
ܵҶ޵ҪΪʱҶСֵСĵ㣡Ԥ˽Ӫ
ǰͼӪ֮еЩ֣֪ʲô顣
˿˽ӪʱŵףⷽԲأ֪ׯͷô˽Ӫ
Ҷ§뻳һ߸ͷһ߰οú£Ѿ˰ţСȵұһУЩǻϡ
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Ҷ֪Լ飬Ҳ΢΢Щжȥϵ飬Ҫ˭Ҳ뿪İɣҪߣڴֻ»û˿סң㲻Ϊҵġ
ʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲԶҲŵǰȥֻӰڵɭЩӪѾǰˡ
ҶҲû뵽Էʱζ֣ԸӪ֮УûӪУӭɫŵʤ
ڵɭ֮У濴ޱȣ񲻷ɣȴԽ͸һɹɭ
ʤɫѿѾˣ
ҶüһܵĻ³аеĵγɺΧ֮ƣһ򾡣ʱڣ
ʮУĵƻҲҪϨ𣬽֮ǰҪľͷ˷Žȥ
ʤѾҶĿе֪Էڶֶ࣬Щĺº֮ͽׯ򲻿ԷӲƴġ
뵽ûԥֺҶһǲ۲۵ȥִ¡
Ƭ̺ʤ޳ʮŻ£һߵС·ûֺ֮С
Ҷæµʼ߸밵еĵִλս
ƮȻУϢȻһͣ£Ϊǰһߡ
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һۿȥǸǳճڼҴүûһߵ
ҶȴͷǳΣա
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ǰһ̶Ƶĳ̣Ǹ̹ʱ񫡣
֪ʱҶȻɫ䣬ˡ
ʱֻ飡һ죬ߺȻһ̧֣е̹֮һڹ⣬˲䴩ҶǰվĴ
ҶһĻе˿ղԼӦ㣬ǱڹⶴľͲǿôҶٵѪ֮ˡ
ʱһˮҶԴҶ͵ˣûóȻȥӲӣǡ飡һ죬һըһŷĩ
һڹⶼûе֣ۼûкڹϮҶüߣȴ̶ЦеĿҶ
ϴʱı飬ǺͰףҶĿҲ⣬һǸղ¹ɱ֮ˡ
Ҷȴ֪ǸЦ滢ˣЦƵʱ򣬾ɱʱ
Դ˿̿¶ЦݣҶû˵תߡ
ĵط˿ԲǣһĶֻԽԽˡ
汻ԷΧסǺ
ٺ٣Сһ߼Ҷ֣ٺһЦһԾ͵Ҷǰһ˹
Ҷüͷһ£εĳҲŭתһӭȥֻײ顱һ졣
ɳҶƮ䣬һȷ֣ʮ
Ҷ飬üǰαƣ֮䣬ƺûʲôްɣ
ԣȴЦСӣĴǱ֮УûˣĪҰģ
Ҷһû뵽ߴʱ򣬾Լе˼ԼҪҪͷ
뵽Ҷȴ΢΢΢һЦһɣǰγԣܹݣߣԼֱӿ˵ʲôҳԱֻ·ϵĻɡ
ȻԣһСӣңһҰģ
Ҷ΢΢һǰΪ˿϶
ڴԱ˭ҲǺڷ籤飿
Цѵû뵽һ˵ĿԴΪ»ǵƿ֮УߣҲʲôʱˡϷȴû뵽ᣬȻΪѵãɼ֮еĵλҲǲͰɣ˵ǿϧˣ
ҶЦЦǰںڷ籤ĵλӦҲͰɣǸСӶԴıĺܣ֪ǰɷ˵һ£
һ֪֮Щֻʲôôҡҡͷ̾ҵˣڲ֪ߵغëϣϷ·ɣ
ҶӣЦǰΪԶң


148 ս
ߣСӵʵȷʵһʿ뿹⣬ΣߵϷѾ˰֣õˣ
ٺ٣ĪһСһôڻû㶨ȻһЦҶֱߴ
Ҷݵûа֮⣬֪ԷһλʿԶ˵ĵͷûиеô֡
Ҳһ뷢԰׵ߣֻź£ߵҶ󱳣Ŷߣ΢ЦλʿֶԸһʧˡ
ʧƨݡǰǸЦСӦҰľӢᣬһΪͲѷɫңǸֵĽɫ
Ǻǣټ֣ѵܴ˵ѲɣЦҶһۣ¶һ˿м֮ɫ
ҶǺڷ籤磬ԸһȻҪһ֣Ͳҵŭ𣿡
ֻҪɱ㣬еˣ˭֪飿һЦһѾҶؿڡ
ɾڴҪҶ֮ʣҶƺȻһ̧Ȼӭȥ
ֻ顱һ죬紺ըһ㣬ͬʱ˳ȥ
ҶƮˣƮƮһô֮ϣµɣʱ顱һըƬɢ䡣
һ½ҶǸеͨ˫ŵ˳ȥ
ͬʱҶƺһһѪȥǵѪȻһЦͣձصٱ𣬸ǣ
԰գӰһʧԭأ˰֮⣬һǲӰ
һҶƵߵɳȥȴһֽסˡ
ʱҶǸϵһͻȻʹһʱ˫˫˸ײϼôͣ
ϺԹĿŭһβҶ׷ȥ
ǵ׷ʮ֮󣬱޺εȻˣɫг˷ŭ֮ɫ
Īˣ쾹ȻһС޸ŪˣߵУŨɱǲֽ
Ī߶ҵӣΪǰöԸģСΪ֮κһ˶ģôСĪ̥Ϳʼɣ
˵Щ׵ˣǰЭһ·ϣûзټĪ淢ʲô飿
뵽˴һ֣ЩĻȥ֮󣬲Ǹ
ĪҲҡͷ̾Ϣ̯һҲû취顣ҪǵеұСһı£ҲαʹֶΣұСӲȻľӢӵһ·̣ǿɵСˣ﷭汻ұСˣ
ҡͷİɣǺڷ籤Ҳôǵģؾ㵶ұСûгΪʦ֮ǰǾԲġ
ǿˣˣһһѽĪҡͷ̾ꡣ
Ҳ쳤̾ľҲ۹˸ԵĲ˵ұСҲǰʮԴƶĹȣԽԽˣƽܳһұСܽһˡ񲻶ðʺеˣ
ϸ̾һǶҶ߲û̫ӣΪУҶ۹ϵ˱Ƚʵ̫΢ˡ
Ҷϵ׷ɱһ·֮ϣֻĴȫׯµ»Щطż߱Ұ޿ɹʬ壬˲Ŀá
ׯߵˣȥߵˣ˿ֻѲⲻҺˡ
ʱǰɭ֮ͻȻһɱ֮Ҷ˵İΣſų̣ȫٱȥ
ֱ˿̣ԲׯӳȥĶˣ赲˴󲿷ֵĵˣׯˣӦвٲŶԡ
ʮ֮Ҷɱǧףǰĺɱˡ
Ҷȫ٣һᴩһƬï֣ܵһȽϿĵش
һʱ֮䣬ֽӰӳ֮С
һȥϰƴɱ
ϸһʱһ㶣ԭٵߣֻΧһˣׯľ䣬һ˵̡
ٸߵϮɱҶո˵󣬴˿ҲðȻȥ
ȫϢһӲ֮Уĳ˿ˣΪȴδǰȼݣ
ٸߵΧɱҶҲ˵ȫˣοһεεˡ
ֻѾǳӽұĵˣǰ˹ģĽɱ¼ΪβұǰӦ


149 Ȼ
ڿĲݵϣٸ˷ֳĸСӣȻķΧ롣
ٵĺˣȻһϣȫΧ̣Գսϸս
˼˿ڣиһѪƣ̬֮
˴˿̣Ҳֲ˶ˡ
ԽԽ̹ĸңľȫʹеıɢż˵ĽâÿνâҪС
ڵ塢ʮʬ壬ӦɱͬʱҲƲⳡѳ൱һʱˡ
˵Χɱ̲ͻΧĥҲЩĥ
ҿЩ˵ͷƺҲҪ׽̣ҪȻƾ̵ʵǾЩôʱġ
ʱֻһ
̽ӽһභĺˣʱѪՒɣĪϣΪһʬ塣
ʱһͻȻȺ𣺡ȥʮˣסһҪڣ
һ䣬һ֮վʮˣ˵չٴν̵ĺ˶סˡ
Ҷԣ̧ͷȥֻղʩͬǸĺˣΨһ֮ͬǴ˵ǰһɫơ
ȻⲼƵģĺƣ滹źɫ
ǰźƵˣػʮˣߣȫֳֳѴ˻м䡣
ǰźƵ棬Ȼ˵죬ָֻʮ˽֪Ǹɫ
ʱǸǰźƵֿڵȥʮ˵סСĽâսپ
һ䣬ʮ˼Χ̵սȦ֮Уһûд֮
ȻΪս̫ãǿжýУ˼֣Դ˿¼սȦˣûʲô֮
ʱͻһߣȴ̱ԷѰ˸һƻ֮ϣֻ˿Ѫֱ֮ӳҶ֮˹
һĻҶȻһЦγ䳤ӭȥ
ЩΧ̵֪Ԯһ㣬ںһ£ӽֵ˸ֳʮˣ˲Χ
Ҷһǽе̱˻УеĳΪ콣⣬ͬŭһ㣬ӿĵϮȥưԵ쳣
ձҶ˺һѷ죬̶֮С
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ջҶɹȳ̡
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Ҷ˫ֱŶǵĴỤ̊ڴһɽ֮һСϪ֮ߡ
СϪѰһ⻬ʯͷҶС˷档
˿̵ˣ˻˯֮С
Կܵݣɢָ߹òַʣһʱ֮䣬ҲЩˡ
̵֣ݣӣһȱ
һŮҪ˵ûռֻ֮Ǹ˶š
СϪеϪˮȻϪˮö
Ҷһ̸еԼǰδеĳ͹ߣҶүĽ
˵Ҷʱе죬ͻȻ̽յ˫
ȴ̵һȴ˿
еıѵҶĺҪֻ֮Ҫһӽ֤Ҷ׷룬һغ
ҶͻȻѹ̣¶һ˿죬Ȼȴ±ӣЦ㲻Ǹ˵ûԹȥ𣿡
һ˿мЦȻϵϢӲݴУҵ֮ȴǱ辶ܣԵһսʱҾ͸ӦĴˡҲ룬Χҵһ࣬ҵȴҲȥǹΪֲ֮顣
ҶЦ£㾹ȻƵңһǵ͹㡣
һſڵֻҪһӣȡΪһҲϣ
Ҷѣ뵽ӷһ΢΢һЩŵҿľˣĴˣӦò𱨵ɡ
̼Ȼ棬˫峺۾ĸоȴǳϿޱȡ
ټ֮ǰԼʱһȣǽһӵ˼
һƺͿԼ֣ܶƫƫװһµ顣
һˣ治֪ǺЦ
ҶָԼϳƿɿˣеǵɱʧ
ĸеظΪ̽ϵһ˲䣬ȷʵܵĵ׵ɱ
Լ׵ı̸ɱˣҶֻ¾ˣҲԶĿ
뵽Ҷǽϵĺڽȡ¶Ŀ
΢һ㵣ȡҶȻ㣿


150 Ÿ
Ҷʼ磬˫һ̯ɲôĺ֣СΪˣΪʲôһ׵˱ôʱ䡣ղŵ˵ں֮ǰ˹Ϊֱղųסң
ûҶķʣֻҶ¶ף̾ȷʵǸˣһ̨ΪһƵֻǿϧˣ
Ҷ˵Щŵ飬㻹ûлشǰһˡ
ʱǸûʲôơ鿴̵Ƚġ
ҶһƵˣҲеЩмܣΨ̹Ȼ棺
Ǳģں׷£Ҳڰ·ɡ
ҶȻô򵥣ѵͲڰ׷֮Ϊǿһϲ½ƣȻ͵طˡ
쵰˵ֱӣԼһŮֱ׵ĻҲ˵óڡ
ݺݰҶһۣŵҲûʲôҲҵľˣ汻ҵףҲֻǻˡ
ҶĿɿڴЩŵΪ˱Ļ
ɨҶһۣƽʹļµΪ˱ҿõҵӣҶԹ֮һɱ㡣
ҶЦŮ˵뷨أһ·ҿûʲôᱡľٶеıǷˣ
̺ݺݵҶһۣջغǰĶԼǰ˵ҪΪׯġ˲ţׯģСôɱ㣬ÿҪˣ
԰գ̧֣ݺҶһ¡
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̼Ǳ̲סꡱһЦ
Ҷֻǰһ̾Ȼ˱Ȼ޵ĺ촽һ嶯̸ҶȵĿ⣬ЩתӣŲմƵԾ˴֮С
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ҶԣŤͷ̣¼޵ұ
̼Ź֣ü㲻ҵµġʮһˡɣʮһ˵ĳƺţӦԷģǲǣ
Ҷüͷ㲻Ҫ⣬ֻ㣬ǲ޸ǧ
⻰һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ӦشҶˡ
Դ뵶ұı֮ѧѹԼУΪ֪Լһ˵ǧǲеڶˡ
ҵǧҲһǳɫˣҲһûҶ֮ǰû뵽޲޸ǧ顣
ΪǱʶһΪׯΪԸ£ܾܾΪע˵ˡ
ڱҶһʣû˼µ̣Լ޵ұǳһֱׯʹԼĶԵǧ飬ԼҲŪˡ
Ůˣûʲôİ顣
ڵǰأЩֵӣȴĪĸед⣬ѹϵΣһ̣Ȼĸܲˡ
ȻҶ˽ⲻ֪࣬Ϊˣеһʱʱر죬ƺҲرĺá
Ҽ޵ұһֲɰѵΪׯΪ˸ףҶˣ˵Щɨ˵ĻˣǷ֮ǰҿٴӦһҪֻҪóҾһ㣡
Ҷһɻ̧ͷպÿĿ⣬˰ΣҶҲ֪һ仰˼ֻοЦ㵽˵ʲô
ЦЦҶ벻õҵ壿
ҶȻ˵ʲô
̻ұ˿ҲѾ֪ׯôһˡΪұãǾһ뷨ӻ㣬˵ڵǧɱǰҪҪõŮ˵壿
Ҷǰ˾ȻСԼͻȻһǰδеƣָһţһЦҶһ֮УδηʲôˣҼе׷㣬Ȼк͵ǧıǮҪ˶ãҾͻὫұ׵Ĳڽ¡
ûذһ۵ʲô˵̫ˣƾڵ㣬ϵұʮһҲǰ״
Ҷûб⣬ڵȷʵǲ𵶼ұҪ˶ãҶ¡
뵽ҶݳһĨֵЦ⣬֮ϣϵİƣȻ治ȥˣҪȻԺʲôػЩˣ
̲˼Ҷ㻰е˼뵶ұŸˣĲ֪ұĿ֮ǴӣڱСǰ䵱һӲѵаұ


151 ͷ
Ҷ㻹δشң벻޸ǧأ
̶ݳĨЦ޵ȵǧҵһ⣬ȴС˺졣
Ҷ˫ַԺ󣬰۾ֻû̵Ļ
ýײһ£ûҵĻ𣿡
Ҷ̵ÿһ֣ÿһ仰ҶμĵףҲǡֻһ⣬뵶ǧŸɣǰŶԸǰԸң
ŵôǧûô򵥣˵ʵˣҶЩ֮͸
ٺ٣һ˵одˣ߰ɣҵҪ⵶ǧﵽǸʲôˡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ӹɣ˲̵ԣһѳСż΢ɣնͶһɽ
ɽ֮ŭ󵨵ūţűСԼߣȴԼղΪʲôûзκԼ
˻һҶȻͣ
˫䵽֮ϣȻȥ
֪Ҷһ§סϸ֫˫ս˵§˻
дŭպҶһҶȥ̫ˣ
ҶһŶǵâǧˣҾһսʤˣһߡҰˣҲ뷨޸ǧ跨Ӱ£ʱһһҡ
ԣ΢΢һڣѸҶӵ뻳ҶŨҵϢ
ʱͻȻеһᣬһԭҶȫɽȵһȥ
ڽɽһ֮ʣҶϵ޷Էﱬһǰδеľâǹее
дȣҶʱĹʦ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңΪδδһ
ŪףһΪλССׯ
ЩԺ䵽ɽȵһߣȴҲɽһߵ龰
̰⣬㽫׵һߣҲµǧ﷢㡢˵ɡ
һЩˣ㱻Σ·еöˣߵѵлɡ
ֻʱԼҲûע⵽ģҶˡ
Ҷ׵ɽȵһߺתȿڡ
һŰ£֮Žߣ쳣ֳˣӹȿ˽
ҶߣʷǷںڷ籤׷ɱУס̵İΣȻڷ籤ԿԷǳˣմ
Ҷ´һۣüҶǵұٱǧ
΢Цͷǵǧһ·̨ˣҪó䵽ڷ籤У롣
Ҷ벻˾Ǵ˵вһĵұٱȻ֪Է߲ƣҲЩ
棬صʱ򣬺̫أǻẦèġ
뵽Ҷ˵ɨһۣڵұıǷҲˣ
ǧһȴǹЦҶֵĵȷʵɼΣϧҸҪ²С»˼Ҷ֣¾ͿԴ׵
˵ұҶսұıֻ²ǳǴŭ
ǧȴƫǸĶŵ飬ûҶĿ֮ϡ
ҶϸӦһֱǧû˸֮󣬲һűӣЦǧȻΪǧһΪÿγУ߶ŻȴСˡ
ǧжҶҲ棬ҶӦ˫ȫȺ֮
Ϊξ˲ζԵұη壬̬ǰδеأʱȻҶּηҵұΪֹȻǵұԣ
Ҷ΢΢һЩɻԺ⣿
ǧ΢Цׯһ̣ұ֪㲢ׯŵˡ˵ʹҲյĿ꣬Ӧǳ̡ɴ˶֪ҵұδٷˣҶҪӽ̣ҵұս
ҶȻ򣬳ЦһԭΪԭɱңŮӺϣȻˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
ǧﰵǷӣǸӢۣȻΪһŮѡΪұΪУЩ˼顣
ҶͣȥҲڶʮ֮䣬֣ڴӦúŶԣԼΪδûŹй˵¼
뵽ǧﲢû֣ѯʵҶ־ǸɵĸͽʦǺηʥ


152 ѡ
ҶЦʦԸƧҳɽʱйҪҲ׼˵ϵ䣬ԣ¡
ǧüͷһ壬ȴǿЦҶּȲԸ˵Ψֽ̣ҶֵֵҶֵˣ
԰գǧһа׹һ
һҶĺ
Ҷ벻ǧﾹȻ˵ʹһƮȻˣһüҪɱңӦòֻΪ̰ɣ
ǧﳤйƲȴȻ΢Ц̵飬ֻһӡɱԭ򣬶ڷҶǵＸӦõˣҵұȻηЩ˵ҲƾЩ鷳ԾֻίҶˡҶܴӦһССҵұȻΪͷΪ㻯¡
ҶƮһʯ֮ϣֵǧĳܷ֪£ҪԸҵˣ˭
ǧһգҲûٶ׷ǴݵվҶĶ棬ЦĽڷ籤ٱҪһ˺ܸߵͣͷǷǳֵǮġػ̵ķϣҿԸһᣬֻҪҶִ˴ܶҵұΧɱйڷ籤н飬ǵұ⡣Ҷֲܶǵұ׷ɱҶȻѡһǳ׹鸽ҵұڶڷ籤ҵұĵף·ѰҶֵǰͿѡˣ
Ҷ֪ǧ̳֮Լһ飬ҪȻǵұھͿɽΧɱԼ
ϣûʲôԵ顣
ΪԼ̻͵ұ֮е飬ʱһ䡣
ôҲû뵽ڷ籤ұȻʱһԼͬԸԼ
һ㣬ʱҶЩȣϸһ룬ȴҲôȻء
ڷ籤ҪɱԼһԭΪɽׯͷһԭֻԼ飬٣ѱڷ籤׽Ӱ֪һЩ
һȻ࣬ڷ籤Լɱˡ
ڽ˵һǽڰʹС
һһưΪˣԼϴ밲ͬεƻᣬȻ˴˵Ķʼ֮ġ
Ҷʱ㵽Լ֡
ڵǧȻЩмԼڶһϣȴйϡ
汻ҶȥұΪ£ŴʧᱻͬΪЦϡ
ڵǧѡһҲЩԥǷҪ𱨣ɱҶҲҶĿǰĴ
ʵڵǧĿУȻҶѡ鸽ұӴ˷̵ķǷ֮롣
ʹͬʱڷ籤뽭ǵұҲǲǱġ
Ҷѡһ·ǧҶҲˡ
Ժ֪£ҲԼϾѾҶһ·ǶԷˡ
ҶȻ֪ǧ룬ҪҶ£Բܵ顣
ǧҶ飬ȴѾ֪ѡ񣬶ʱЦҶֺαִţƫƫҪѡһ֮·ȻˣҶֺΪ֮ɣ
Ҳǹ֮԰գҲٶԣƮ˺󣬼˸֮䣬ȴѲӰ
ҶŵǧȥıӰȴͻȻεжǵұˣǷкڷ籤뽭ˣ
ǧԶԶдɷģȻ֣ͬһʱж֮ĳԹɱĻҪ˶࣬˵ˣѷսһҪҶ֣һѡʱ򣬾뿪Ƿ֮أӴԶطһз
ҶŵǧʧеıӰɫұٱȻһݰǡ
ȻԼ֣ȴһж˵֮󣬻໥ɱ
йһ㣬ҶȲ֪ԭΪϳһɣһͬԼ֡
ҶǾһĽ֡
ǧһ仰Ѿ֮ìܣԴá
Ҫǵǧֱӵһ㣬Ҷ򲻻뵽һȥġ
Լ֣ȴ˴˺෴κܶһƴ
һɴҶĻᡣ
ǧﲻһĽ֮ܳ£磬䣬۷֮ġ
ҲԴһϿǧÿһ飬Ī֮С
ֱӵιϵһҶ֮ǰ񲻵ġ
˶Եǧ˵۷ǵûйߣЩˡҶЦһûڡ
ҶԵĵһս
ҶˣһʣһΪū֮⣬·


153 ɱ
ҶΣһƬ˼İ֮С
Ҫ£򲻿飬ֻܹȻ͵ǧԿ
ǧڲշҶŹ
ʱҶתȻɣ
һͷҵĺˣҶǰˣҪ뵶ǧѣ
ҳʤ
Ҷ´ʤһۣ΢΢ͷѴõ˸ƣҪ˶ãҲͿߵУҳȻǲãߣҲʵҲЩҪȥˡ԰գǰС
ʤ벻Ҷ˴֮£ȻĲ鿴lҪ˵һ֮з仯ȴּҶ¶˼ı飬ʱӿĻ˻ȥ
Ҷͣ̾һֱ˿̣ҲʱĵЩ飬ҾҪȷԸ㡣
ʤһôѵ޷ӹǧ׷ɱ
Ҷһ˿â̾ϢԴӼǧʱҴδЮΪʵķҼʱ򣬴ȴҶ֣Ҳ֪һɺϣǵǧѾǰ֪е뷨ǵһҿԲ·ϣǵڶǴ˾ͱκĻҪµöࡣ
ʤɻʹ˳֣ѵƾ˵֣ش𣿡
ҶڵϣʰһݵУʣҲܷǸʱҸͲܶ֡
ʤɻΪβ֣ܶ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷһû͵ĸоֻ֪һ̣ȫַǧԼؽվˣҰ֪ͨˣ뿪ȥǣܣԺְ𣬾ػ
˵ЩദΣԼڴˣֻõĻɡ
״ηԵնľʱ˶ȥ
Ҷ쳤Цǰվ֮򱶣ֺʱˣ߰ɣҶµһˡ
԰գԾ֮УҲûпʤһۡ
ʤҶеӰ̧ȥȴ̾ϢһǲΥҶתصׯӪ֮С
ҶľбУΧһƬƬ֮Уֻʣһˡ
֪įģΪǧԼ׷ɱѾʼˡ
򲻸Լ߳Ƭֵģ߳Ƭ֣˳е֮Уʱ򣬵ǧɱǽǧѡ
ԵұΧɱҶû˿⣬ԵӹĹһǰļ裬ѽһĥµ
µ鷢ǰҲľ粨
֪˶ã֮ϲ˸۵ҶͻȻ֮ͣЦҾ֪㲻ӳƬ֣
ǰһ߳һǰĺͷͬҶŸոռĵǧ
ǧ΢ЦȭҶΪֻ֮ʽǳ̲ҶֳƬ֣ʱҶ󺣣ֽδѰ㣡
Ҷâһ¶ģǵˡһ˵һɨܡ
ȴǿϢѸٳӽЦǧˣ֮ǰԥǲ
ǲϧۣҪҶˡ
ǧﳤ̾һҶ˽ܣΪҵұãҲǱѡѽ
ҶһЦҪҶͿûˣ
ǧﵭ֪ҶְׯһַǳķѵһʿֻҪǻʹýѿ֮ưǵ׷ɱҶ֣ǷڵЩˣ
Ҷԣһ˿׹㶾֣
ǧ̤ǰһǧ󣬷Ҷˡ
⼸ߣƳȣʦ֮磬ɼҲǴżλʿ
ǧ΢΢һЦҶΪ˽ѵЩʿ˲پܽǾɱһػׯˡ
Ҷ˿ȴȻֵֶΣȻ˶̵ʱڣ¾ʿһһ߷
ǧƽ쳣ҪҶѵǵʱ̫̣δȣǵûγΪҵٸҶһʱ䣬ֻ¾Ҫ߷ǣҲһ鷳顣
ʱ̫̣δȣҶаЦҶѵʿķڲͬʱٶ̣ҲһĹ
ΪϹҩʦĴУһʿȫõҩģӲҪˣѰзԺʤʿթƾǧаֶٰΣҲ߷һˡ
ܣҶȻܸκˣΪһʿڳɹ뵶ұԺȡó䲻ϵջ
Ҷڲûе飬쳤ЦģӲһ֣Ȼٱԡֲ߷ǣҲ޻˵ҵ뿴ûгʦ£ʲôҶ


154 ս
ǧȻŴݲȵЦݣˣҵұĴ󻤷커ػѾһʦ֣֮ʦҲɵֵСƻȻûпʦ壬ҲǴʦżҶΪֻͨλʿ˵Ը
Ҷɨˣ커ġʮ֮䣬ػҲʮϡ
ȻͬΪһĸ֣ǵ커Ҫȵػһ
һʾĴ󻤷֮У커Ϊס
ƻΪȻ커͵ػһϵİȴ커ػҪԵĶࡣ
ǲ커ػǰҶĿУ֮УڿҶʱһˣƺ϶£ҶǱɵġ
ʵֻҲˡ
Ϊ˵ƻ˵커ػ˵ʵ֮ҶҲй֮޲
ǧ˵òĴ󻤷ȷӵŲԼС
뵽Ҷȴݳһ˿ЦȻƴκȡ֣Ǵ󲻾ұȡô֣ǵұһʧƣ¾ƾǵƺţҲĴ
˻һ커Ȼûаػƻ沿ȴһ¡
Ȼֻһ£ҲԿҶ仰Ϊ˼ɵĵط
커֮ûκηӦҪǲԱѾûԶ֮Ҳȫں
󻤷˵ӵҪȻҶ˵֮ʱҲǵȷӦˡ
һϢǶһ˵⣬Ҷ׽ȴһջˡ
ֻҪʵʱϢ΢ãֱȡ˵
Ҷڶʮһ͵ˣóľϢ֮ս
ʱһƷǳƽϢԳκ˵
֪ʱȴֻǧﳤЦһĩ·֮Ҷ֮ǰԣδЩΣˡ
Ҷаޣǧ´ңȺ¹֣ҪʽҶĴ󻤷µӰ
ҪڴʢǵұΪ󲻾ţǵ̻Ｐͬ塣
ҵԹ˲Ͼǻо׷顣
һһ֮䣬ǰн֡
Ҷ쳤ЦȻĩ·˭ҲܷĴһƬ򣬻žԵͳȨĺ뿴ǵҷұǵұʲôֵм˿ڴ´
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ҶֹƻĵַȷʵϲҲǧ΢΢һЦȴȥ
ʵѽڹޣԱʱκη׶ԸҶ򲻿а֮
Ҷѣһ֣Ƿ붯
Ĵ󻤷ΪĵӰӵǧһһǹһһΪĸ㳯ҶϮɱ
˳֣û˿뽫Ҷһٳܡ
ҶһһĳĵӡȺڵ桢ǹͷͽ֮ϡ
ֻ飡飡ĵ졣
ˣƺһ
커Ҷһ֮ȴֻǻһΣȻػ˺С벽ֹסơ
ƻȻҲֱӲҶĹȴһ߰˲ſסơ
һҶȻԥٴЦһ˫ֻӳӰʵʵǧȥ
ȻʱñϮ
˸ĺˣѷֳɰ˸Ĵ󻤷ȫҶ˹ơ
Ҷа̾εұΧĸ֣ȷʵǧһĶĬ֮
ٵ֮ʱҶԽ˴˷ҵĹƣƽƣЩˡ
ұЩˣȴƺÿһγֵķλҶе֮ӳ
һͿԿұľֱ֮ɽׯľ֣֪Ҫ˶ٱ
ɴҲԿƷǼĲ֮ͬˡ
ֲͬϣߵϡ
커Ҷһƣǿѹ²ʣһˣѪڣջĹƣҲء
ҪٽһΪأǰѾҶĽӰ
ΪĴ󻤷֮ףҶֹޱȵƷ治ɫΣңŭһһȭҳ
˷λҶеĳҶԴƴһشһҶ
ִ򷨣ˡ
ػȻ커˲٣˵ϣȴΪĬģ커ಫ֮ʣгܷҶ·
커ػһһأνϵ޷졣
Ա߻ƻԼ˸֧Ԯ£ҶҪȫˣֻ졣
Ҷһұĺϻ֮Ȼˣκͣͣгۼٶȣڵ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬ӲݡҶƬռ䡣
ɻңҶһ커ƣһָػĳͬʱ˵Ĺ
Ա߿һĻĵǧȴһҶڱֳʵԶԶơ
ѵҶ˵ûгʦû˿
˼䣬󳤽ȻУѾҪԳˡ


155 ɨ޵
ʱֻһ죡
ȴ커ǿһҶһȥػĽƣȫҶָɢ
ƻȴǰҶһ֮󣬻Щδȵ
һδͣһ˳ǹҶĴ󻤷֮Ѵ˷Ϯɱ˹
ӲϵĹƣҶųҪ뷨Ҳʵֻ֣ٴξӦ˵Ĺ
ƵõⱦĴ֮˶һΣȥҶڵٴΧ
ҶĹüͷһ壬ֻֽһâһ
ֻϣһ
Ҷǳʣһһþ˫ֺϱɡ֦֮ϣ˵ٶȣܺɨ
һʱ֮䣬ǵؾ˳ӿ˿
ҶչֳԵһ棬þ磬ֻҲΨҶˡ
ù鹦ۺ쳣һˣۺҲֻܲСɡ
ҶɣɣʿֻҲҳһˡ
һĻǧﰵвãСƴˡ
飡졣
Ĵ󻤷ƺһͬ㣬æƮ˶ȥԻȥҶϷܶĿ
˳ǰ棬ֿԵΪͬʱҲΪ֮ȻǰСӣʿ֮ͽڵ̶ֳȣǺŵ顣
һĳλʦҲӵۺɣ
治ۺҶġ
һַǳĶκӵ˵֮УǱһЩ
һ㻯Ϊ࣬ӦУΪľˮ
һԣ߶ֻһΪˣͬʱϵͿܻᷢ顣
壬Ҳνһɶϣ书ϣΪһˣӱ
Ȼص棬ȴ޲ڵģأ֮żţȴʹ磬Ƿʡ
ЩʣȡȻͬʱԦ֮ʣΪԪ֮塣
ҶȴΪʳҲʹӵִ˵еʡ
ӵԪ֮ˣһ㶼ͬʱϵ
˵ӵԪ֮ߣҲѵóһӵԪ֮壬ҪͬʱϵҲһ顣
Ҷ֮ӵнľ˫ϵȫΪڷʳʱ򣬷̡
ҲΪһ㣬Բʹڵۺ
Ȼһλڵǲضá
Ĵ󻤷ľȻҶ࣬ײҶߺһǵóԲٰ
ҶΪȻԸȴɵӣõһʹԷ֣˹ؼʱ̣һʹɱš
飡
֮ȫ
Ҷѱžľݺɨ˵ǧ
ԾľϮǧһνӭϡ
;ľײһ
ǧһŭȣ˾ľ󲻹˾ľٴϮȫˣȻκεֵ
Ҷд棬ǧ˺ˣڲܽ£ѵͲԼ׷ھľ֮¡
֪ʱֻಣһ
һ˳ǹͻȻڵǧĽ£ǧ˫΢㳤ǹӶʱëƮƮȥ
ԭ֮ʣѰ׳ǹɽǹ֮ƣڿٴڷɣ׶ľϮ
һĻҶһʱҲֻ̾ϢһĪΡ
ܹ籩ϮҶ
Ҷа̾һǧ̤ǹʧĹΧ֮ʹʧȥһٻɱ˵ûᡣ
뵽оľһ٣ȳϵĸˣȴֱӽѪɵȻˡ
Ҷӿɺ飬ŤžľĴ󻤷ɱ˹ȥ
һʱ֮䣬죬ڶ
ʩѧڶ̶Ϣ֮ڣֱӲҶʮľĿңȴһѪ˵Ľ֡
ҶҪӦ˺ηĹĴ󻤷ͲѪˡ
ҶһХǽҵˣֱžԾһôΧѾʮ߰˸ߡ
Ҷ˿񱩺棬һʱ֮䣬˸ԾͷսҶ
ƿ֮ϣķ棬ͷҲ֪˶ԮǧΪɱԼ˴Ǯ
ӣߣҪɱ㣡һͻȻԶ
ҶһֱԾ֮Զȥ
ȴֻһɫĽСӰ֮ϲ˸ⷽ
һĻҶĵӿһ˿ůȴŭҫ䣬㲻úС㣬ܵʲô
˫ȴ΢΢һңٿ׷ɱȥ


156 Ů˼
ҫĽЩ׷ɱߵĹƲԾһʿŮǳԵȱۡ
գۼ䣬Ҷֻʮ׵ĵط
ɾʱƵĳƿ
ƵĳһͷһҪѨȫһ䷨
˿ҫԾҵʱһȻþϲٻס
Ψһķֱ䵽֮ϣҲľ档
Ϊϵĵ˸࣬ҶǸ֣ǶԷȵҶǰͿڰ·Ͻɱˡ
ۿҪڴˡ
һþֱҶսо˹ˣ˵ϵЩˡ
飡УҫǾľס
Ҷ֮˫ֽסľľ֮ǰԵһ棬ٴݡ
йҫĹһľ
Ĺ֮Уҫһ̣ĵȴǳǰδеİȫС
ĵˣͬһ˹ȫһֲĴ򷨡
һ̣Ҷʶ˺ΪġʿһȺֻ֪ɱ¾
ǵĿУûжԴûƶֻ˵
ΪӪҫ䣬ҶԴ̤·һΥһɱԭҲǵһαڰΧȦС
ʱҽ֮ͻȻʿ룬һƯѪ˲ݵ֮ϡ
Ҷ֣ȫ֣ʱ̣˭˭͵
ҫӸڵϣ΢΢ȴֻһɾҵʹ۴˿ڴ
һʱʹҪڵأɾʱǲӯһյĽѸҶ§˻С
ҫҶȥĵһǿҵĵʱҶͻȻС󡭡
Ҷһֿסľܺɨһʱ֮䣬Ƭռ䣬ǾľӰһʮ˱ľУ˵׷˳ȥ
˰ĹʽٲˣҲһļ£һ󾪺У˶׷׵ˣ֮УҶҫ⴦֮С
Ҷ˿ûĵˣŻеҫ䣬΢΢һЦ벻ׯĵģʱˡ
˭֪û˵꣬ҫȦһ죬ӣԲס
Ҷһŵҫ֣ӿĪĸˣȻΪʲôҪ
ӣûѡ񣡡ҫе飬ǱΣѾҶʵĶ̽һ
ҶֻøʹϮҫǰѷޱʿŮѾ͸룬̴塣
û뵽ҶͷһŮ˵СҶ׷һ춯ؿһƳҫȥ
ҫȴѳҶ֮ʣƮ˿
Ҷӵеľľϱһոճֽ֣һԺĸоͻȻԺ𣬿ʿŮϲ˶ҩЧ˵Իҩ
ɾҫ˵ʱҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ԭ˿̵ҶȻ֮ܲˣҶıָʱ򣬽ӿǿɱȴǳ
һȴʹףֻҪҶԸ⣬֮£ҶҲһ
˵Ҷǰˣ˵ޣµҶµġ
ҶҪ֣˵һҫ䣬ʮҫһҲֻһ
Ҷӿɱҫ׹˱֮У̹ǵϮȫǳܡ
Ҷϲ԰ޱȣֽ֣Ȼƽη
ҫҪͨһЩʱ䣬ΪıǵǧµģֻҪǧϵ´󶨡
ʱԴ֮УҲһƬհףҲκη赲ҶĹƣֻܿɬӣС뵶ұٱǵĹүûѡ񡭡
ҶĿֱɨҫϣƽļµ̵ϣҲɱ㣬û´Σ
һ仰ֻҫףҶ̵ĸ飬ƭȡҶΡ
Ҳǵǧ֮һ㣬ҫΪΪεŮ֮һǰҶţҶȻȻΪ˼
ղղսˣҲಫûа٣Ϊû˿ⷽƭҶ۾
һ㣬ǵǧҶ˵Ȼ֣˴ȴ֡
Ϊһ㣬ڿҫ䱻׷ɱ֮ҶҲûȥǵǧıѡҪ
ҫȴôҲ벻Ҷʱ򣬾ȻԻŹ۹ƵҶ˿֮һ̣¶һ˿
ԼҲ˵壬˿⣬ʲô
ҫӿڵصҶԲ㣬ɱҰɣ
Ҷϵˮڲݵ֮ϣҡͷЦᣬǧﰡҲĻ֮ѴĪ֮
սƮˡ
ȫɱȻȫ
ҶһûŮ¹ɱ֣ԽҲء
ǧܿһ㣬һŮشҶ޻˵


157 ڶ
ּҶһƬ͡
˭뵽Ƭ͵Ĵ֮Уڽһս׳ѵ¾ɱ
ҶҲû˿ڣȡÿһʱ䣬˹ˡ
֪ǧﲻκδϢʱ䣬ǶԷҲʧĵط˵ҫԸʱ벻ҫΪȥ֣һ֡
һƴ̵úأʵûҶϵҪ
ټҶһҩʦºľ綾ûʲôҩв
֮УһǡΪľϵ֪ľϵβЧ
Ȼ˵һ˲䣬ʵҶڵƣȬ˴롣
ʱ򣬵ǧԶΪС֣ҶһʵʵڳϣҲòڶƻˣ
ҶаŭҪǵǧ֮ǰ˵֣֮󣬻б˴ɱ䵽ء
ɴ˿ɼ֮ǰǧʱ򣬶Է˵ÿһ仰һ塣
ľǣ˵ÿһ仰ĳϿޱȣԣ鲻Խ
ʵҲǵǧĸ֮֮ǰҶ˵Ļȷʵģֻ֡桱ĳ̶ȣȴֻӦĵһƻ֮С
ڵһƻ֮ɱҶ͸ҪڶƻһҲͲҪ֡
ںҶ̸ʱĳ棬öԷĵ׵ĳϿҡ
ۼҶûκηӦǧִҶ۵ڶƻǴ֮ˡǰ뽭ڷ籤ԣҶǳ󺣣Ҳδ֪
Ҷֹס˿֮󣬲һЦֿ֪ΪʲôҪɱ²ɣѵûи߹ѳŵһǿֻ֪ҪұΧɱϢĶУҵŭκһܳеɡ
ĵǧһȴû뵽ҶܵðĿأĳŵ
һֲҪİڽɽͳȥҶȷǣҪǽ
ʱ浱һֲôұڷ籤ֻҪҶԺǿұ
ΪһҶΪ˴һֲбǮκһ࿹ˡ
Ҷˮɽʱ̣ڴˣΪһֲʱԸɾޱˡ
ǧԡһֲеĻ⣬Ȼѡܶ𣬶ЦҶֱʱ̣˵ЩΣŵĻɣҶԾڴˣµҶһȫʬᣬʬҰҶΣ
ҶȴЦǧƾ㼸仰ҶԾڴˣҲôǰΧɱˣɣϣܵóԸɱҶպɱϵұ֮գ֮ͣٱ
ԶһԾ˵֮ϡ
ʱֻӰһƿУǧѴƿոϵŰٶˣĴ󻤷ҲС
Ҷŵǧ֮ˣߵһٸߣǧߣǧﰡǧ㻹濴Ҷĳѽ
ǧͱһߵĿ⣬ҶʿŮϣдо档
˵Ҷս֮ߣԶһλʿһ̴ȴûƵģʵ˿ۡ
Ҷ֣ɱ㣬պֻʳѰȣǧҶĿ֮Уһɱ
Ǳ̴ҶĸǴּѪĶҩҶײ԰׵⣬һЩж֢״ûС
һԺǧΪУֻҪ룬ҲһΪµ顣
һ̣ǧ¶ģǲϧһУҲҪҶԶƬ֮С
Ҷʣϴ˵ϵÿһǣһ˵켣˵ߵþͷ֮ʱǿ֮Ҳ䣬մҶǿ֮ǣֻҪˡǿ֮ͬʱڳλֻ֪жܿԼ֮ǣ
һսľģ˴ɱ¾һ
ǧԣüͷһ壬ȴ΢΢һЦһǿΪұҵʿҶοţҲסǡ
ȻֶţΪҪȶǵ־ɼֶЩʿĳ̶ȣҲЩѽ
Ҷ˵һбŨҵɱˮ㣬ܿӿȥ
ǧİٶ֮Уĸʦżĸ֮⣬Ӧʮˣεĸ֡
˵㴥ʦżҲһ̤ʦ֮ȴ˼ҵ
ұ˶λʿѾʦĽ֮
Щ֮Уżճͨʦ֮һʦĵұǲӡ


158 ʦ
ԴİŽˣһһڿʽ׼ӭҶǰķˡ
Ҷ˿ˣڳûһ˸ҵģΪŵЩͬ飬Ϊʵİ
Ҷһǰ籩ĹƣΪһһǰԶֹıУҲֻǻӽ嶯ĻȲ
Ȼʱ䣬Ǿ;ӺˡǧаЦֻҪҶ֣ؽǣ˿ڡ
ʱ򣬲˵ģֻѪҶѪ
ԵǧﲢҶʱ䡣
ʱǧͻȻһֻҶ԰ѩϣȴǴŹ΢Цо
ƵĻӶռҶڼٵţҶ֮ʹ֮ˣ쳣Щˣ
ЩҶĹҶб趯ѸǿһҶ𶯷ʹõϵĿҶƮ
СģסĶ䣬ҪǵԺ֮Сǧһ֮ߵһڸ֣æס˶䡣
֪ʱҶ𶯶Ӿ
ֻ꣡һȴһһ򵲲ס̶ֳȵ˿Ѫɫĺ˿
Ҷıһڿ֮Уһ֮䣬γһֲࡣ
ҶеıЩҶûκεĹÿһϵĴҶΪ֮裬ȫΪλ
ǧﱾ˲ЩȽܵĴһһݻ˵漴һ𣬴ͷ
ԭظеǰҶʱýƽˣʹҶɿĵطҲҶԼǵƣޱȡ
ԼóȻ˺µȥݻЩҶƷ֮ʣֻ»һʱ˴ʧˣæҶֶֹΣ¶Ҫ
ҶץЩʱǧǰ½أҲסҶˡ
Щ뷨ڵǧԺһһʱ񣬴һֳֳһ磬ȳҶ˹ȥ
ǧһʮҲǿѹеĲʣŭУȫҶɱ˹ȥ
ҵɱ¾ٴչ
ɱΧҶһӶ߹Լһһɣת壬һ뵶ǧĳײһ
ĥǣĿ
һ󣬵ǧƺһŻȥҶϬ֪ҶҪӦ˵ĹԼղŻ治ȫˡ
Ҷһ˵ǧ󣬽Ʊǣʱ߹ĸ֣Ѫ׷ɣ
һĻǧˣǺȻʧɫΪ֮һ
û뵽˵Ҷȫ֮ʣȻɷ˿µɱ
Ҷٴɼͷıתһ̴һ˵ʺ֮ЦǧɽģˮǺڡ
԰գһĳǸѱһĸֱ֣˵зȺ֮УʱʹöԷһ󼦷ɹ
ҶҲ˻ᣬһ֮ǰޱȵĹƣȥ
ǧ￴Ҷڶߣۼұĸ׷֮ʱеڷ籤λһϣô졣ҵұʦ֣ѾֻҪټһᣬȵҵұʦ½ݡ
ٺ٣ʦĸ֣ǧҲ·ͷ㵶ұҲɡϵչأ£һΨһʦ򵶼ұӲ뱤һΪһСö֣
˵ӳұְΧȦҶŵǰĽ֣һЦŭȵҿ˭ҡ
԰գһɨǰļ֣ʱŵˡ
£ĵҶǰֻΪɱĿꡣ
֪ڷ籤ˣҲ޲ͬ˼ۼ˶ҶˣȻҲæȥ
һʱ䣬γɺͺΧʱɻ
ҶһЦԭڷ籤νֻ֣һȺں֮ڣǧĳ﹧ϲˣ̵ʣ
Ҷߣһ·֮ϣûһ֮УܿͳİΧȦ
֪һʱ֮ǰڵǿþͻȻֱײ˹
Ҷд֪þΪλͻȻԼײʱҲ벻ˡ
ҶһǰһĳӭײԼľ
ɾʱǰһǿþͻȻֱ׹棬һֻźɫƤ֣ѺɣƳҶ˹
һƣŻޱȣȴҶҲ㲻ĸоȫеĽ֮·
Ҷд󾪣ŭһȫ߶ӭȥ
ֻ飡һ졣
һǿҵƽӴΪģһɣ˿
һʱҶ׷ɣڵ˵ߡ
ҶȴҶ׷֮УѪ磬׷˳ȥڵ֮ʱײʮô
ҶȥǵѪý֧ӣǿվɫѿĳǰȥ
ֻ䶨ҶƮ֮䡣
һɷǣµۣȫһ˵ʵߣһô֮ϣ΢ЦؿԼ


159 սʦ
ҶľղԼ֮ʱԷˮŲƵС
ڶӲƵС
ڵ߽Դ棬һһӲúѰ
Ҷǰ󣬵ĵأȴԷ˲ڣһķɡ
һб㱻ķѪǰδе顣
ǸһƽҶķ֮󣬱ûһֻ´žδҶ
Ҷһұޣ
΢΢ͷһЦܵһƣ֮ǰػׯϣҿԸѡһԶϾΪһͨˣӴ˲մǴ顣ָģӴЧұڵܴϷͶְɡ
Ҷȴɻػׯϣׯкιϵ
΢ЦǰݺˣȴׯׯȹһҪȻΪƾһŮˣͿõұոׯ
ҶׯׯԴо֮ʱԶ
֪̽˵ұ˴չˣǧǿֻҲҪ˼һˡ
û⵵ǣҶʱת۹ɨ˵޵ϣһΪūԷΪֻȫһսˡ
ҡͷ̾ϢҪˣһкãĮҶѡ·ѡ
Ҷпŭֱӵĸоǰδܹ
ҶΪλʿ֮ͬصĴֻƾţŵöҹޡ
⵶Ϊ֮ߣ˵ҶԺĵһˣҶȻܶԷĮһе顣
޿Ҷеŭȴһ˿͵ĹâȻҪԵұвʵ̫󣬱治ֻһ˲ţڷڣüֻҪЧҵұɱ㣬㣬ǧҪϸˣ
Ҷ£ʲô˵һΪūУڵ֣ԶϾϹڴˣҶ붼û
Ϊһߣһûָоֻ²
޿Ҷһ̾ҲзݱģŸѡġȻ㲻Ը񣬷ǵһǱպҲֻýݱķСŮ޵ˡİɣׯû㣬ԺҲû˸ׯģҲ㱾˶ׯĳŵˣ
Ҷ֪֮ԻԼ˵ôĻΪׯйŵ
һҲкȻسŵˣ֮ʲô飬ߵߵĳ̶ȡ
ȻˣҲ־֮һ¶ĳģǾһᾡȫ쵽
϶ԼԺԵұв϶ѶԼ˱ľġ
ԷһʵʵڵλʦԼ֣
ƾʵȫ֣λʦһƴǶλʦҲĿܡ
ɶһλʦذɡ
뵽ĬľϵȫˣͼȬ֮󣬿ɷҵת
üͷһ壬ӹһ˿⣬СһĹ鴫ĵ壬֧һ֮ƣҪһˡ
ҶЦһЩĻ䣬Ȼ˼Ȼгŵ棬ϳ˿ɬ
ԭոպ͵޶һ֮ȷʵȫԷĵɢˡ
һ̣Ҷ˵ȫʧȥ˻ľϵھ֮תȦ֮Ϻһ롣
һ̵ɬҶװġ
СһΪЩСϷڱǰ𣿡¶һ˿Ц⡣
ֻһҶǰ֮죬ֱǺš
Ҷַ̧Һͨת֮ȻܣΣʱ̣ȴһ
ȻΪʦôҲݣЩ棬ЩڷԼ
ϻһżգǽȻڽţٴҶ
ڵͣٵһ˲䣬ҶӮĴ֮гֱָ̳޵ü
Ҷĳ޾Ӷƾüͷ֮ϣȴҶԴ
Ҷһʱµ޵ĻѲ嵶ԼеĳǴüͷֻҲԷ˺
ҶһԼҪеüͷ֮ʣʱıԭ⣬תԷͷȥ
ʦٱ̬Ҳܽһͷ˿Ҳĵ˰ɡ
ԼΪһССĺʦĶսУ϶Էһ˿Ҳǿµ׳١
෴ǵıҶһ˷˿Ϊʦϣؽ
ʱ򣬵ҲòҶеǱ


160 
Ե޵ҶȻӲӭڵ볤ײ֮ʱҶɿս֡
ǰŶԷȥ
֪ԤҶһ׶һ㣬Ҷʱ򣬵޵һֻƣѾҶˡ
һײ
ҶоԷ֮һƻȥԼеȻһֲš
ֱһ̣Ҷ֪ʦĿ֮ʱдð亹Լʱ֣ʦһϸ£֮١
Ҷȴǲ֪뵶սĳ˳ȥ
ҶţֻҪʱ
һʦĹ֮£ַʿ˵ˣҲû˵
һ㣬ֻӵһȺ۾ɵĵͽߣͿ
СӣȻѵһţӢţһҲΪֹˣ
һЦһֽҶĳķ֮һƣѾݺҶǰ
Ҷʱֻһ͸ض룬أǲҺһˣͬƲһ㣬׷˳
䵽֮ǿѹӿѪӲŸոսӴ棬㵯׼ӦһֵĹơ
ȴû׷ǸеվԭأҶ΢΢һЦΪҲ֪ϵǼװװƭңұŪٳ棬ܵ˵ζ
Ҷûһ˿ѪɫǲѪ۽֮УҲѪ˿״ɲ
еһУȲҶ˿еľɥǣ书棬ѹ
ĽɫҶпаټƣҲһĪչȥԼŹ֡
˿Ȼһս֮浶ʦ֣Ǵĵ׷һеĸо
ָоҶǰδɽȴ鵽δйĸоһѵõľƸҲҪ˴ܻ뿪С
ʱȴһɻҶͷǸղŶԷΪβʤ׷ֱȡԼ
Ҫ֪ղѾû˿֮ǵǧɱղǲѴ֮ġ
ĪǶԷ˼ʲô鲻ɣһԼܷĹؼ
뵽Ҷĵӿһ˿ϣʼ׷µĸԴ
޿ҲûڵϵҶȴʣп㻹Ծɣ뻹ѡһȽʹҲΪһˣ
ҶһЦȻǸɱ磬ϵˣҲĺ֪һΪɱҶĳ˵ʱȴǷЩĪĸп
ҡͷЦ֪ޡǴӺζʱڵң׺ݶöɱ˵ʱַرбԴ˲ͱһޡĳƺš
һ٣̾Ϣʵ˵׻Ϊ˱ׯ˳ŵûѡ񣬷治ɱׯˡ
˵ǳºͣһҶҪ֪飬һһ˵˳
ҶȴѾ֪ԷǾҪɱԼˣʱ׹
Ҳ֪޲ʱ䣬˹ˡ
ΪҶȫʢʱڣҲȻһ֮УǶʵš
ҶҲ֪Ҫڵ޵ֻһ飬ȴܾʹ˷
˰ΣſʵǷǸ֪ͼˣ
΢΢һЦĹ֪ͼٺ٣𣿡
˵ֱҶȻұߣȻӦҲħһ˵պΪ֡ħӦԽԽǿң걾ׯǸŵ˱ΨһħħǲΪдԱѾ⽫ŵתƵŮ޵ϡֻҪ˵ұԱ֤ܵκί˺Ҳֻиܵĵ׵ҸħŲָᷢоǳûдﵽ֮ǰǾԲ׵ġ˵޵ˣСһ߱˶ϣҪɱ֡
Ҷ̹ŵæʮֽԶԡ
עҶһһЦ˵ԶҲ޼µģԶǧԨһԶ뱾ȫߣѵŴǧԨ֮ɣ
ҶԸԼ˵¾ڵıԵЦʱı磬ΪԶҲ֪һֽɡĶ
԰գҶˣȫ¾ڵķȥ


161 ͻΧ
Цһ׷Ҷת֮䣬Ѹ˵ľ룬ԸӲС
Ҷ˵ɡ֮ʱȴҶʹúֶΣܴ
ҶĲˣ¡
ϣһʦǧȥҲʬ޴³
Եڲ׺ΪɡʱȻҶѡֲҵ
Ҷŭһ֮Ȼ٣˲Ϣ䣬ѴﵽµıԵ
ް⣺СѵҪѡֲɣҪǵȥޣҲûĿܡ
뵽βһͣɲ̵̫һʱʧ㣬ҲҶһ׹Ԩ
ҶѡҲֵòԼ֡
ȻֻҶĻ֮ƣԼʱ֮ϣֶνɱһ̣ȴͣҪҶʲôϷ
֪֮ʯɽ֮䣬Ҷû˿ԥԾԨ
޿һĻ΢΢һæ֮ߡ
ȴһ죬ȴһͬĲѴҶԶƮȻȥ
޴һмƣʱ˾ָǸĲȥȴҶһЦԳһһŦʱԿ޿ɿٶȣȻ׹
ŦǸ֮£ʧŨŨİ
׷ˣڵ
ִ£ҶͻΧӣֻ¾˵ȥҲûš
ǧ￡¶һ˿ЦһҶҿܹ߶ԶⷽԲǵұĵ̣ҾͲ졣
԰գѵһˣɽ׷ȥ
֮ۼٱϷ֣໥һ֮Ҳһһȥ
Ψеվ±ϣע·Ũİò
ʦ״δĵһִԼǲˣ
Լһʦ֣ȻöԷͻΧȥ
ȻͻΧķӣеϣҲܵ顣
ʱڵϵҶɡպ֮󣬸Ӧû׷ʱе弫ͷĿѣ
֪Լвݵ־綾
ͷԴˣ֮вʱĴʹǱϿһ㡣
ҶҧȡһذףžʹһЩѸõĶѪ˺á
˵Ļ֮У죬ҶΪʹһó̡
߳ɭ֮ʱѳΪһͷ棬²ؤģ
ҶҲ󣬰ǰƶļƻúӳ˵ұΧ
һ·֮ϣ̤УʱֱӶӵױУһ˿ۼ
һʮ죬ʮɽʹӣƹһضС
ҲרһЩɽҰصС·а⣺ǧҲ׷Ҷ㲻ûˣ
˵ʵһҲĵǧˣֶܵ׷ٵķڶʮһ˿ƼʱҲǿסһʧġ
ǧ˵թǷḻޱȣҲֻ½׷٣ʱ׷֮Ҷʵڲʲô
ʱ뵽ȴǣұѾԼԶԶԼǷӦóŵұ־ʱ򣬺ݺݵȥұһҲý̵ұ֪Լ
ʱͽƥ֮£ʵΪǣұ˿ȻѾûʦأȴһչصı
ҪԼʱǡұıأǿˣֻýⱨͷ
Լڰѵұ׷ɱ֮󣬽ȥδ֮ʱоͻеҶҲͣΡ
ҶڶȴǼȻֻһЩг޵֮
ҶɫѿЩŵѵǧҲܸԼû˻·
뵽һҶæһطȥ
֦΢ȴû˿
һĻҶȴǰ˿˵ܿ϶һǵǧ
ΪԵǧΪˣһԼֻǿ걩Ĺƣ֮̽١
û뵽ܴӵǧ¹Ŀ࿴أһЦȴͻȻ˷Աλ
ҶȴҲδֱǰȥǸûЦ
Ҷ̧ǰеһ˲䣬һƿն


162 
ҶЦһбʶֳֽҲ󣬾һȥ
ֻһѿɿҶܴӵұΧɱǽңΪȡʱǵʱﵽ֮бϮɱΨһ֮
ߣȻһףֲڵұΧɱȫˡϮɱǾסһȴһߣͻȻطֱֻǺһҶִ̳Ľ֮ϣƮɶȥ
ҶȴǵƲˣȫһݣ˫ŵǰһô֮ϣ˫ŵڵһȥ
˵һϮ۵ıԵߣǺϣΪҶﵱУַεˣΨнĽӣҲǽ
γұڷ籤ֲҶʮ㣬һ֣Ҷʮ
ȻɽƬ򣬱Ͼǵұĵ̣˵뵶ǧʱ˹ϵ뵶ұĹϵһֱôг
ټϷ֮Ĳޣ˲ûвμΧɱҶ飬ǴһƱԶԶͣ˵Ϣ
֪ǰһȴǴҶӳ˵ұΧȦϢʵǴ֮⣬ʹģǵұڳһʦҶˡ
Уֱǲ顣
Ϊ°ޱȣߵƬɢ֮ʣһôҲ񲻵ˣȻǰ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳлʲô£ԼԶ֣βҶԷ֪ɱɽҰ֮С
֪֮ʣԼȴҶʶˣһҲ˲͵Ϯˡ
ֻҪԼסҶһᣬٽӵźţͻ׷û˿ԥ˳
֪ҶĴսȴǴ󳬳ϡ
ʵʵҶѷɫ٣ټҶˣʵѹҶһͷ
ҶʱĴ򷨣ȴȫƴʽ
һ游սأĴСս£Ҳ壬ͻȻҶֲҪĴ򷨣һʱ䣬ҲЩԲ
ҲûΪ˺ˣѡӲƴӲ˻˵ķֱҶƴ
һ̣Ҷ׽֮ȷʵ뵶ǧ
һҹӣִ򷨵ʱδսѾ֣ȻȴԽսԽ£ԽսԽݣͷǷΪϷҶɱ
Ҷ֪Լһӡ֮ǰУѳƥ֪صԼʱԷӲӲʵǡ
Ҹĵǣһ󣬻вԮָٳֱΧɱ״ҶɲҵԼٴɱΧˡ
룬˿̵Ҷȴûа֮ɫʦĸֶôڽС
һŭȣֽ֮£ӰŶԷȥ
ֻһ󡰵УеЩӰײסˣһҪУҶѾһڽ֮ϡ
һɴеĩַɳҲҶעƣĵһΣһʱ䣬ʱˡ
벻ҶȻ˹죬ʱȻڵԭǽרƽУ˵һգһƣҶӭȥ
ҶҲһԭ׼ڶнʱƻԷеıУһɶԷеڶ̴ԷԴ
֪Լһ̳ûɶԷеԷս֮󣬾ƣӡصõˮ¶
ƸվԷ˫ƿ֮ǰյеӡؿڣֻһ֮ңеıʱҲܻؽֵ
ҶЦһ֮£ֻýע˫֮Уӭ˶Է
ֻ飡һ졣
˵ӣڶһ֮󣬶ˣѸ˴֮䣬ʮס
ȻĽżһ棬ٴ𣬲Ҷκδ֮ճɱ˹ȷʵ۹ⶾݣҶ˿֮ҪᣬһٽҶڴˡ
ҶӲŸո䵽֮ϣͻȻС֮һҵʹۣȴǸղŵļսٴ˿ڣѪȾһƬ
Ҷ˹ֹѪ֮ʣ
ҶҲ˲˿ڣһЦ̤ǰһٽͷƿӿٸʩκηȫȥȫһͬھ̬
һĽ֮
Ҷӣߵķݣ׷˿ȥ׷ɵĹУѪ֡
ʱҲǱ쳣صʱһײôͣ
˿̵ĽȫµѣѪӱϿƣȴǱҶҪһЩ
Ҷӡһҵһô֮Ϻ󣬻ڵأȴýŵأվ
Ҷվâַסϼ˿ڣֹסѪ֮󣬲Цճģװµӣʵǿ֮ĩ˰ɣʱ뱾ǰճǼƣĵл˵أ
ҶҲϵ˿һۣЦǲǳճǼƣԾԣ
״˵ԣһ̣Ҳʾǳ˺Ƥ塣


163 
ģϾͻһԣϣԺͶ̥תӷ㣬һЩǲˡ
ҶȻʧЦǲˣ˵ǸҶǳϵ𣿺ٺ٣ֻ֪ҪүͷϾͿȥһֲϵҪӹܣ˵˭Ҫѽ
һ̣㾹Ȼȥһֲ£ҿ㻹ȥȥĹɣδ꣬˫΢棬ѷҶϿգٴαֱҶͷ¡
ҶһȻֱڿնһȥ

Ӱɢȥ
ͷ벻Ҷ˾ȫԼգһȥɱһС
ԽԽʢ
УҶͦһһ಻ϵĲΣϮ˽
λλıֹʽȴʼûҶ಻Ľʵսḻ֪֮ҶϵҪصĶ࣬ڰЦҾͺĥȥֵ֧ʱ
뵽һƣٴչ
ɽûҶĹȣû˥֮󣬷һһһбһаԵýп죬ԺڣӦֻǰɱҶ
˿̵ĹȻʤҶһʽȴֻڲ֮䡣
һ£ƾʤһĹѹҶģĴ˼ҪĥҶһʱ䣬Ȼû֮ǰһǰơ
ռϷҶⳡսУӱǿץŽţʹòԼƴ
һʱ䣬һг裬һȴ裬˶ս֮С
ʱ˭ҪߣӦ֮£رԷ׷ɱû˿ת徵ء
˻ϰ֮ѴѪսԽԽҡ
ҶʤĲʤս
£˭й˭Ҫս
˫֮ʣ֮ԾЦճģϵѪҲ˰ɣӿ㻹ܳŶã
Ȼ˵ŻȴһǰҶȥ
Ҷһ˶ԷԷĲӣһֽʹѲ⣬޼ѰЦģڱүϵѪ֮ǰ㽭ϵѪֻҲʣˡ
Ҷ⻰˵ĲҶƴѪҲõʲôطȥͬѪҲ䵽߶Ľ֡
һҶĳ֮ϣƮˣа̾ԼǴˣҪһֱԷƴףκ˼һƴԷȴݽֵĽ
֮£ͻȻеճģ֮Ҳûʲô𣬲ΪһŮˣȫûҪİɣξ͵ǱӴˣǰԺͰɣ
ҶʵѾǿ֮ĩ־ˣһֱû¶˿ȴЦ㽭˵ʹ˵Ͳ򣬰Ҷʲôˣ
ŭƴȥ˵Ľ֣ɣֻҪҶְ֣ǽٲΧɱ֮£㿴Σ
Ҷԣȴ΢΢һΪ֮һǷΪһԣ
Ȼһԣһޣ˵һ֣æսˣֱ˵Ҷ׵ĵطȥ
Ҷȴԭأбڡ
վҶ׿ĵط俴Ҷһ󣬲Ż
ҶǿѣεĸоºϷӿѪװµȻһЦô㻹û񫣬ĪǻҪҶĳָһ
ЦΪһգοĿǰ㣬ԺֻҪ㲻ȥҰҲ鷳
Ҷüҵ˽£Ͳ㽭Ӳˣ
ЦҶģʶô֪жԺյİòݣȰ˼źãߣҪȻԺֻ֪ôġ
һתȥֻתͷҶɻұΧɱ뽭ΧɱôһҲĺڷ籤ΧɱҪ֪ǰԶɾǺڷ籤ĵˣ
Ҷ΢Ц˴Ϣ߸ұˣұΪҰҲĺڷ籤ˡ
һۣ¶һɭЦݵҶģڴҽˣһûк³ģطҽ˲óȥɸ봫ŵǧӶԶ
һЦ֮û˴֮У˸֮ѲӰ


164 թ
ڽӰ֮ʣҶͻȻһǹȫϣһѪѪɫˡ
ղվ˼㣬ֻҪվƬ̣һܿҶʵ
ҶһֱǿѹڵƣԻˡ
ҪȻҶֻñڴˡ
뵽˿ĵ飬æĿ˹ķʽ
Ҳ֪˶á
ֻಣһ
һͷ֮ϡ
ҶͲµԺȣֻ̧ͷǰȥ
һ˫޳ϸˮİŮӣҶһô֮ϡ
Ҷ΢΢һ֮ȴǺЦһΪɳ֮еʹˣȴû뵽ֻɳһ
ǸŮӺǺ벻ҶĻ֮У˵ɫ
ڰŮӴҶʱҶ´ŰŮһ˽ѩļ⣬ע˫ر޳ȣ˫ȳĸоɼŮһʵӦȹ֮ϡ
뵽Ҷʱ΢Цʲô֣ڽĴ󻤷֮Уеڼ
Ůüԥһ£׻ȸĴ󻤷СŮӾеȸ˼顣
ĻŸոճڣȴЩɻ
Է뽭ΪУѵ᲻֪ʵ
Ҫ֪ΪҶʹĴ󻤷˴յػΪη壬û˸Ҵ򽭸⡭
˼Ȼ֪Ĵ󻤷ţ͸뽭ΪУǲζ
Ҷҡͷ֮̾ǰһΪǸۣ뵶ǧȴֻһնСˣ֤Ĳҳ֣һתۣͽΨһŮ˹ǵǧмʳԶʵ飬ǱȲϵǧѽ
˼鰵⽭ڴսթƣӲĳŵһ£ȴƫƫҪһ˽ŵ
ҶʵҲЩϾһʦľ֣ǰǴδ˵ġ
εҶڽȴҲΥֻð̾һʵڲӦùȻǽԣİɣһʹһġ
һڱĺѾ
Ҷ΢ЦҶ󻤷ǽ֣һɱʿ½ҲһҶĲɣ
˵赭дûϵƷ
ڴ˿ֻ̣ҪǸˣɸоʱҶѵɽˮĵز˵˺׳ֻҲֻһ
˼ü˼ļӲɱ޸֮ˣԼɣҪʲô
Ҷɻ´˿Ȼˣδûл֮ҶСΪùܻɱң
˼һҲ̫С˼ˣ㲻ùҲһƣ԰գͻȻ£˫ƣҶ֮ȻһбеУҶʹȥ
ҶʱҲеı˫ۣ˼һƣŲˣǸ
˼ȻǽĴ󻤷֮һȴǺܴ󣬽ֻʮꡣ
һ¶ʱ㱻˸Уѣʵý÷У㽫֮
ڽʿӪУʮ֮Уŵһܴ˼ںСʱ򣬾ͽܵϸѵɱ˼ɣսľ飬ḻޱȡ
˶Ϊ˼һʵڹ֮ϣΪģȴǹһ޳ȡ
һ㣬һ˿ܿҶ۹⣬ǺεȵĶͿ˼˼
֮ãļ˵ɱûзˡ
õƾļ޷ɱҶԲóԻĵĻ
ֻҪȵ֮ʣͻΪȣΪһҶ˫ƣҲֻΪԻҶ
ʵɱУȴһ˫֮ϡ
Ϊһɱ֣ˣȻûжУȻҶЩ棬Ҳڴˡ
ڽһǷλģԴ˿һ֣顣
ҲɷϣҶƸжҲǷǳټģЩĿ⡣
ʵ˿ƷòԼѵŮһһˣκ˶ɷϣĵһ˿֮ġ
ĶˣѾûǸܣֻǿݼС
Ȼ˵еĻѣ̸ˡ
˼鶯ֵʱֻһͷöԷһʹѾļˡ
⿴Ƽ򵥵һƣʵֻǷҶǰķˣһ˫ȣȴõĳֵ׼Ҷʲôķ֮ɱԷ
Ҳ벻ҶһƣȻȫ޷Ӧһ˫ۡ
֮£һ˶ΪҶǱĿܻὫԼ׼ǿɱﵳȥ
˼ɲһˣ֮£Ҳ൱ľԣûзʹԼɱﵵ뷨
ǣѴҶ֮ʱһ̣ҶȻû˿
˲Ϣ֮䣬˼ԺһͷѵϵƣѾ޿ɾεĵزԲԼ£
һʱ䣬˼УȻһ˿
ƣѴҶ֮ڣʱֻҪ΢΢³ھͿҶ
ɴʱ˼飬ܵĵ˿Ӱ죬ɻһ˼
ıһҶҶҲ޻Ŀܡ
֮ʣҶһЦ˫ͻȻֻоһֱֱ˼ڡ
˼Ҷҫ۵Ŀ⣬жʱһԺ


165 ؤ
û뵽Ҷ֮ͨǵΪʩչԼһ
Ҫ֪ĵͻȻӿһ˿ʱҶͦʬݵ֮ˣǻʩչĻᡣ
Һ֮ôЧеԺ֮Уֻһš
ѹһ˲䣬̺֮ʱҶֺһһ£ͷ
Ҷ˾˵һû˿ԥȻˣܿҶԴһ
˼麧Ȼ֮䣬ǱĿȴֵطԼûκʹ۴ɸղҶĳƿĻΪȴûһɱԼ
ͷδ꣬һָǰӶʱһ飬еĺȴѾ׹ڵأٽűһƷɨֱӵһ֮ϡ
һбƣգԼһ£ʩչĻҲûУͱԷùסˡ
ҶڣŽʣվ΢Ц˼顣
˼ĺŵǽɱˣղΪβһɱң
ҶһĨǵѪ¶˼ޱȿɶЦݣɱ˲գ˵ŮħͷȻһʱ򣬾ɱ֣סĻᣬңΪɱҵʱͻȻԥ£
˼һĿתͷǡ
ҶȴͻȻ̾һԵŮˣ˵ҲʱҲԵɱıǮѽ
˼͵ŤͷҶ޿ɾҩˣ
Ҷ΢ЦҲ˵ŮУ֪һδ㣿
Ҷһˣ͸˱Сһʹɡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷû뵽ҶĳŮĿУһִݻˣԲҶϲһҾүǵĶͣǶҶСˣǱѡ񣬷ҶǾκŮɱֵģҪˡ
˵꣬תȥ
˼΢΢һ㵵㲻ɱң
ĻŸճڣŷԼʵöô࣬ҪҶɱֺαֻǵѨ
ҶȴͷҲصѨʮӺ󣬱Զ⿪޷ȥ׷ܷҶ
꣬һݣǲӰ
ҶԶȥıӰ˼ĿУ״ӹһ˿ãɫ
ҶȲ˼ɱֲ֣뽭Χɱ֮УΩƴߡ
ԲŰ˼׷ɱ֮Ľɸ׷ֻһ·ѡһЩû˼ĵط·
һ죬Ľһɽ֮УЦ˽ȥ
ɽһѻһԿҰ
ôأ
ڴһˣֻҪ˵ұڷ籤ǽ֮һͱɡ
ԼȴͬʱԽұڷ籤׷ɱӦúȥδӣ
صׯȥ˴Ӵˣɽְˡ
뵽ȴЩģҶС󣬻ûԹĿ
úûرһ˼ңҶ
ƾԼһˣ⣿
ģҶûӢ̹
ҲȥҰԼӣȥ˼ңδеʩĸо
ʧϵ飬Ҷλȥ
ռ䣬ȻѵĶ棬˸ˡ
Ҷд󺧣æˣſڱȥ
֮£ϢǰЩʦʵ񲻵ʲôһ㡣
ڷֻѶһ˵ʱҶһӦԶ˵ء
ΪʦĿֲ̹֮ġ
Ȼſڵʱȴ˲û׷΢΢һתͷȥȴǸȫҲ۹̤һ˫òЬؤ
һĻҶٸ֣һҪǵؤôҲһʦ
ĪԼˣ
ǶԷΪϢĳԼ
ʱҶŸе֮ǸվڻѵؤȻãһεѹȴҶһϢĸо
ָоֻڵ޵ϸܹɴ˿ɼؤһʵʦ
ֻ˼һʦôñҶҪҡ
˵ģ˵ؤϵǼ·Ѿ֮ˡ
һ㣬ֻӶԷ˱ǶζƳһ
˻һᣬ˭Ҳû˵
˰ΣǸؤıͻȻʶһ£ŻĿһǰĿȡһ»֮󣬲һȥǵյСֵܼЦˣϷʵ̫ûԹˣ֪λСֵγƺ
ڴһʦȻһٱԲϣ
ɲ֪ΪʲôҶãƺпܡ
ֻǲ֪ԷǺηʥؤ⣬Ҷԥһ£ŻӦҶһ֣׷ɱǰָһ·ʵǸм
֪ΪΣֱԼؤԼ˵ʵ
Ȼֱ翣Ҷο֮ѣһֱԼֱŲɡ


166 һ
ȻؤҶĻ΢΢һȴ쳤ЦԭǸҶСһããúã⣬Ⱑ
˵ǸؤЦݵҶڴң㵽δӵƥѵģ
Ҷа̾ȻһʦϣԷģҪȻɽֻ¾Լ֮ˡ
ԷĴԼ뵶޽ֵĳҶֻסŶĳ嶯Ľ͵Ҫǵһʱ⣬ΣҲܴӳģй飬ʵû˵ıҪܴӵ޵ӵһΣδؾӵõڶΣֻ˲ܿ׷
ؤ΢ЦҶ𣿡
ҶֲʲôգӦûбҪŪǰɣҶȴЩɻ󣬲֪Ϻ⡣
ؤһЦҶͺãҶͺãСһͦصģơ԰գҲҶͬͬ⣬ֳҶץ
ҶܵҪˣԶؤһץ֪֮ŸոͷһǱؤסˡ
ǰʲôҶȻʧɫУ
һ˿º͵ؤĽŴӿҶ֮С
º͵壬ҶʱоӶȪ֮УȻޱȡ
һԼϣûʹƣĸо
Ҷһʱ䲻ЩĿɿڴ֮ҲֻЩʦɡ
ؤͻȻķʦԴԼƣҶһʱ֮䣬Ҳ˵仰
ƺҶ֮ؤͷſ֣Ż
ؤĿǳ쳣´ҶȻһЦСһˣϷ򣬺ٺ٣һϷҲǻˡ
Ҷʲô飿
ؤҪڵұĵϴ֣ƥǳ˵ұϷֻûؼյĻء
ҶЩŵŶԷǰǴӵұӳģ
ؤ޸пϷ򱻵ұ˶ʮ֮꣬еЩˣֻҶȻɡһ٣һЦ԰ԣһҲ벻㲻㣬ҶȻͻҲѵһĿ֮ɣұˡ
Ҷȫһ𣬾ԣұı죿
ؤЦһգҶСһϷԸһһĻᣬȵôӦϷһ
һλߵƣ֪ǰҲһڷʩˡ
ҶȴЩģɻʲôһĻ᣿ǰҪСӴӦһʲô
Ҷ˵꣬ؤǿڵϷǳ򵥣Ϊ֮һҪϷ˵ұɱ˵£˭αӡ
ҶҲµȴȥҪܵұȥɱ죬ֱ
ֻһޣѾҶǧٻˣϵұĵһ֣ʲôĳýֺͷҲܲµ
ؤȻ˵ȻҲ޵ķʸ˿ҲӦ֪Լ뵶Ĳ࣬Ȼؤֵ˫ʵ£Լȥɱ죬ǴУһơ
뵽̲סʵǰΪ϶Сӿɱ˵ԣ
ؤȻһЦ¸ûв飬԰лüƣǿвץʦǿߣչأΪͻʦ֮֮ٺ٣ܳ£ֿͶȡɻõľ磬ֻҲ
Ҷк棬Ҫ֪ʲô֮ʱ֪ؤһתҶϵһЩ飬ӣָҶһ
ҶȻԵá˶ͻ֮ķȤǰؤҪָԼһ
ҶȴǷݺʼὲԼһЩ⡣
һЩ⣬ȷʵˣڴмܵõһʦָ㡣
Ҷ⣬ؤǸɾ䣬ɻҶһȻʹ쳣
ڻ֮ԣһһתۼȹ
ǰʲôȥˣһ磬Ҷûؤˣ˿̼ҶȻƮƮ˽дһʡ
ҶȻ΢ЦͷǴüĿҶϷղųȥתһȦ˵ұԵҷ籤Ѿ´ɱ򵶼ұа壬Ϸš
֪˵ȴһתǺߵŭôڷ籤ҲˣСҲ̫˰ɣһұϷԱס㣡Сôͬʱ˴ϷղǱʱ򣬶ĵģºڷ籤뽭ˣҲɱһɶ
ҶЦҲѽǲŹҡ
ҶȻ´Ҷһۣһ˵˴εұΪ׷ɱ㣬ʧһ֣СܻɱΧϷǿġ
ǵȻҪʦЩˣͳͳˣҶţ˵ģʵҪ޳֣Ǳ
㻹ͳͳǣһѾͱ񽡭ҶȻɫѿɱЩˣǴĺӵܡĺӵܣÿһûѼ뾫һɱôˣܷŹôСӣϷȥ۹Ҷϼ壬ϷǻסˡҶϼȻ۹ҲֻһǼȻŲڵұʵ֣ҶϼҲס㣬
ҶȻ˵һתϷȻס㣬Ϸȴ֪һܹס㣬ֻҪܵõǸıӻһʦĿŵĶԸ㡣


167 
Ҷԣ΢΢һкɻڡ
ҶȻȴѾڽ˵Ǹţ¿ܣǵĿˣȴǷǳ̣ܹѡˣһĲš
һҶԣȴ΢ʲôĿ˻ɭϣ
ҶȻʣǸ̾ȻǴıϵڴı֮⣬ϣжһҪıǿҲӵе̡еڴɽ֮У̳ͽڰɽһ֮ϣͬɽܱߵޱɽƽԭǵΧٹ£ǵŵӣϷӵұӳʱǡʹȥұ˵ұ
ҶȻ˵£ԵΪ԰ӻȡһŶƽĿƬҶǰ˻ΣǵұΪһȴҲֻţСӣ֪ôʱ򣬵һֻֻұһ񵶼ұļԵŸٺ٣Ϸӳʱȴ˳ֵһǵ;ѽΪһڴ֮У֪˴ͷѪϷȴѴ֮Ūˡ
ҶаԸ̣ԭ˵ġһ족֮ʣָ
ֵƺôʰ
Ҫõֻûˡ
϶ֻǵһû뵤Ȼ˷ܳⵤЩͷ
ڴϵľٶҶлЩжġ
ҶȻʲôĿģ˵ԷյΪҶ˵֮ˡ
˵ܱסңѵҲʦ򣿡ҶʦĿֲԻǽеĵ˵˳
ʦٺ٣СӣϷ򲻵òΪһ۽磬ĴУ֮νı֪Ҫǿ٣˵ģ˵еʦپͲʮҾݴţϵڰǰͻʦ֮ﵽֻ֮Ǹϵرգһ˸ټˡҶȻ˵Ҳһ겻ѡ
ҶȴһȻû뵽һССĴȻ˵̵
ڵ֮УȻгԽڡ
ʦǿ󣬾Ѿһ˵ֽοֲĴڡ
˵ʱҶȻУҲ¶֮ɫȻΪһʦڵȻǰֻҲԵЩ΢
ÿʮ꣬ͻῪһţ¿ܣܹ뵤Ϊˣһ죬ҲΪңѡϷһ֮УҲεſˣв֪ٲĿܣûͨſˣŵĿ֮С
ҶȻ֣µڴ֮УƷ޼ţëһǼҲٸǼΨĴǱȴǴΨһǼȻˣ֮ˣΪһ׷󣬴Ӳƴڴ֮УҲûκɻҵ鷳ֻҪԶһЩҩ츳ʣ뵤гͷصһ죬Ǹʱ򣬾ǵұڷ籤ǿƣҲҶô
Ҷû뵽Ǽ
ҲҪûǿĵ̣ɽԴܵռ
Ҫûǿ壬ڴ˴
Ҷı飬ҶȻŽ˵ںܾ֮ǰһҩʦ齨ģ˺һЩҩʦΪһҩʦҩ֮ƾӵ˰ɽ֮Уһͽγһǳ
ҶѾ˹˵ļ򵥵㣬ԭһҩʦۼĵط
ֻǺһЩΪ˸õռԴ֮ݱһ
ҶȻ֮ǰһƷҩʦ֮ʱ֮меҩʦҩʦ˵һ˴һڵˣ֮ԺٻƱˣһЩҩ֮С
ҶԾ̾Ϊڴ֮Уûҩʦȴû뵽Ȼһҩʦĵ
ǰҲ˵ĳЩǿ֮УҲûмҩʦԴƶĴôƷҩʦǰҶɻʵɲһƷҩʦĵط
ҶȻȻһЦֻΪϹȹǸҩʦһҩʦŻڴҲΪƷҩʦĴڣΪĵһҩʦЩһΪʦ֮һ㶼ˣеĶǵĿľΪõСԾǴλȨ֮ˣҲ뵽ĳΪƵҩҲҩʦĸ߹ݣһ£һƷƷĵͽҩʦҲ׳ְƵҩġ
ҶȴףܴһƷҩʦǿԽһЩһЩЧȽǿĵҩĵҩĳЩ۹֮УҲֵ۷Ƿġ
ڴĵҩÿһöֻ¶ۣǳѵá
һҩʦÿƵһصҩҪǳɵʲߣԼܶá
ԣǽ൱֮ˣ˭ὫԼƵĵҩˡ
ҩʦ𣿡ҶҶȻĻѾǰһЩƻ


168 ҩʦ
ҶȻҡҡͷӵ񣬵ҩʦʮɣ⻹Ǵ˵Ϸ²⣬ʵҩʦֲʮÿһλҩʦڵǾ춯صĴ¼ÿδŵʱֻҪҩʦͽ׵һƷҩʦһ㶼ֱӳΪĳϣ񵤵ϣߵҩʦҲƷҩʦ
Ҷû뵽ҩʦȻϡ١
Ե͸뷨ˣһᣬоЩ飬ǸҶȻԱԼһ
뵽ҶϢһ䣬Ȼ¶һַǳȵϢˣǴһֻ֮С
ҶȻܵҶϵϢʱһ𾪵Ҷ𣿡
ҶЦͷǰһĹ֮һʱ䣬еõһ˻𣬸ҵһЩżһЩż棬ҲҵһЩҩ֮ĹسʱҾȻȻĿһЩͽ׵ҩˡ
ʲôҶȻȷʵҶⷬˡ
ɲĿҶЩѾҶΪˣΪҶں˵˵
һ˵ΪֻҪʱ䣬ԴֹŬǿһɾ͵ġ
һҩʦĳɳҪľͲʱˣҪʺ;ĻԵ
ߣȱһɡ
ҶͻȻ˵ֻǿһЩҩ鼮һ˻𣬾Ϳҩҩţ
ԾָԼҶӦòԼ˵ѡ
ĿһЩͽ׵ҩҶȻѹе𾪣Ҫٴȷһ¡
Ӧû⣬֮ǰѾԹΣɵʻߵģһ£Ƴϵ
ҶЩΣҲ֪ԼõһϹҩʦĴͳЩ죬Ҳ񣬲ԼõһݺεȾ˵ıء
Ҫ뵤ȻҪ֪һЩеĹ˼ɡ
ԼƵͽ׵ҩ˵ҶȻ϶ܲ²Լ뷨
Ȼһ˵ҶȻҶΣ֮ǮҶȻŬָƽʱӦÿڵҩ֮˰ɣ
һֵڵҩ֮Уӵʦ顣
ûƷµҩʦôŬôķҲƲĵҩ
ĵҩûֻг˵ҩҩʦſƳÿһ˵۵ĵҩޱȡ
ҲΪʲôҩûҩҩ֮ļֵ֮ԭˡ
һΪҩҩʦҪԵǳ˿ɵãʵ̫ˣûоѰҷ
ÿһˣӵд˵Ĵڡ
ˣ˵ǵ۹쳯Ϊϡ١
Ҫһ֮гĵҩһܵ顣
Ҷȴ˵ͷĵҩǰȷʵƼ¯һ¯ҩ֮УҲֻһöҩɹ
ׯʱҶׯɽ֮ҵһЩͽ׵꣬һЩƷʲĵҩ
Щʿֵҩġ
ַ̫ÿͻƵʱ򣬶ħϮ
Ϊ˱ʱ߻ħҶ˼¯ĵҩ
ĵҩħãܾҩ̺ҩ
νҩֶеĵҩһĸá
㸱òԣջҲǺֲܿġ
ĹУڲͬҩĻһҲܶĶԣͺǲͬĻѧҩƷûжģһ𣬾ͻѧӦ綾
ֶҩ
Ķԣһ㶼ǺѹƵġ
ͬĵҩвͬĵ
ʦˮƽߣ޷Щ⣬ԽԽ࣬ջ˺ߵ塣
ԣ½κһĵҩǷǳ׷ġ
áҶȻóһ֦һƽĵ棬Ҷһ֦֦Ϊҩھǰһ¯ĵҩֻҪƳĵҩҾͽһ㣬ָȥһһͷа㵽һŴȵҪ֪еֻһŵμŴȡ
ҩˣ˵Ǵ۹Ҳûм
۹֮СһЩǳҲĴڡ
ҩʦ֮Էޣ˾ǵֲ
Ͼٿ֮̿ˣڵҩҲûе޵ġ
񵤵˵ǳڴ۹ҲǷǳ׷ġ


169 һͶ
Ҷɨһе֦Ŀ˻ͻȻһ֦һŻ֮ȼ
Լʮ֮ҶȻҶƵĵҩȫûκεʡ
һҶ͸Ӿ
ȻҶ˵ֻׯһ϶Ҷûô򵥡
ΪһͶߣҶȻòϣԼһҪͶʣӦþҶˡ
һö֦Ƶҩպ֮ҶȻǿѹеɻ𾪣ûٶѯҶ
֪Ҷһܼ뵤Ժǵ֮еķ
һȵҶǵұǽǺڷ籤ӭĩա
ҪģѩغҶ
ûн뵤ǰúڷ籤ǵұҵҶ
һ죬ҶȻǳŻɽЩأڱĿϢҶüû뵽ұ׷֮ȻѾˡ
ЩҶȻָ㣬ҶһЩ飬з츲صı仯
ҶȻҲһʦѵĸ飬Գ˶ˣʵΣ
ҶȻҡȻ̾Ϣǵ޴ӣȻֻжʮˣÿһ˵ʵСӲһɱʮˣų忪һѪ·
˵ҶȻȴǶ˶٣ҡͷЦ뵱굶ֻһϷʱ򣬾ͼèƨҷһŵָ㣬ʦ֮ܽϷ׷ɱ·µţһַء
ҶȻϵʦҶҲ֪ӦοֻóĬ
˰ΣҶȻŴӻһɫһţƤֽŷ⣬ɫֻһҶ֣״ţƤŷ֮УʲôҶȴǲ֪ˡ
ֻؤȽɫƵݵҶǰƣֻҪԼݣִƣӴҶϼȫ۹Ҷϼݽ뵤ϷеƣҶϼϵΨһټϷױһ⣬ҶϼˣỳġΪҶϼʱϷǰ棬ҲǸʱϷһͬ⵽˵ұϮɱʱЩ¶֪ͱұĸģ˵ϷҲұ˸ˡйҶϼһ£˵ұˣΨϷֻ֪Ҫֳ۹Ҷϼ֮УټϷеױţԺ󵶼ұָ֤㣬ҲûκġΪϷѾ˵걻ǸֻһҶϼϷҲǶʮ궼ûлҶϼˣҲ֪ҶϼڲһҪסйݵ飬в¶ţҪȻϷЩ˼ɾͰ׷ˣӣֻܿԼȥƴˣ߰ɣ
ҶˣΪҶȻ˵һ֮һμӵŴȵԼȴûؤ˵һ֮һҶϼԼ
磬ΪľǼ崫ѪΥκһǶԼĴ󲻾
ؤȴ˼崫ѪԼҶϼλá
Ȼؤһ˽ģģȴҶ롣
뵽ҶҲɴǸжǰɱһѪ·Ҫ߱һߣ
ҶȻ΢΢һЦСһ֪ϷΪҪȥҶϼ
ǰѵСҶϼȨ𣿡Ҷɻ
ҶȻȴǺȻһЦʵֻϷҸ󣬸һЩ׵ϴ˵һССĴǿ۹쳯вҲҵ磬һûһ쵼ߣؽϻ֮·ҲϷΪʲôҪȫҶϼ֮λҪԭСһǧҪϷʧа
Ҷа̾ؤиˡ
ΪȻֻһϵΧӵܣݣһ۹֮УҲһϵĴڡ
ֻҪҶܵõʸϿɣԺʲôҲֻƾԼΧӵܵݣ۹Ҷϼ岻ٻ
ҶȻĬΪҶϼһѹʱҶϼ浽˲ɷֵĵزҲǿԼȫɣ˴ε޴Ķߣ٣ȴλʿԲ˿ӦģϷЩ걻ұĥ˲֮ˣûûˡϷǣûߣǧҪǵñסԼϷĳ𣬻ˣҲұɱڴˣҶȻֻҲĿ
Ҷֽӹɫƣֻôƽǽ񣬵ȣһ˿⻬֮Уȷʵ죬ԷͨƣѹܳΪҶϼ϶һ޶
ɫպֽ֮ţƤֽŷպã̾һǰлҶгɣؽ̤ƽұ֤ԡ
ҶȻЦСһҪһӣɱϷҲûôأϷô˵Ҳǲʦ֣񼲣Ҳ˵ɱɱģˣ˵֮л򣬾û򣬵ƾֻҪܽ뵤ұ˾ٷҲǲĿŵİɱ㣬ֻҪ˵;԰ȫˡҶϼĵϵӵܣͬҶ˵ǰǻͬһңϷҲڰɣ
Ҷ̲סЦʱؤšڡ֮£Ҳ֪ʼʲôȥˡ
ҶҶȻ£εضɽһ֮뵶ұ˵׷ɱ
ҶȻһХУӭѾɽ׷ɱߡ
ҶȻһХУҶ֪ԼԶٲˡ
ΪһХУӦΪǿ־


170 
³ǻƣҲ֪˶죬Ҷ߳˲عؿĵұΧ
ҶƲº׷ɱߵһ˲䣬˶ư˿
ǰٷɽǵĵˡ
ΪһʥأҲǴǿġ
ԼܳΪˣɿҲ׷ɱ
ЩҶæڱȴһٱδԹ
ʱǰֵһӣ߽һС͹ݣѡһȽϲǵλá
һʮţ棬ƳԸһ㲻ʣ
ʶǮȴʱüͷ
ְѹǮֻѾտҲ
ϸһǮŷͲѾ˸һСѷ졣
ǮҶǴѷеȥˡ
ƾӦ֣˭ɰǮƶ
˵ˣǮˣǮڵϣҲӦЩ죬ƾһҲ
ΨһԼйӴģֻ˼飬ʱԼһƣԼǮʱԷƵġ
ʱȫ񶼷˼Ĺ֮ϣ֮ȻҲûйˡ
뵽ҡͷЦ
ûǮԼҪԻذ͡
˼ҲǹΪ֪֮ԼǮ֮ҲûҪԼϷŪ֮
ΪֻԼ籣ʵûǮֻĴ粽ˡ
ʲôط¡ʳסУɶ뿪Ǯġ
˼Ů˻ЩɶԼûɱҲ˰ɣȻСҲԼ
ã
лһҪŮֻӡ
ǣģ
ǰôӣ뵤ٻ·̣һ·ϵ̲Ҫν
ѵҶҪΪ֮ȥ͵ȥ
ʱ⼸˺ĶԻʹҶһԭмᵽн֡
֣µҶȷʵޱȵ
ֻһ˺̾²ֵǮǻǮȴǻǮʦ
һ˲ΪȻ֮У㱥ʫиƨð֮һ£ϰһڹؼʱ򣬻Իˡ
˻û˵꣬һ˺Ѿضϵ֮ʿӵܶѧģ˵ϰ֮ʦҲôõģһûͨЩʿӵܵĿˣȱ첲ϽţǶٲ˵ġ
ǵȻ˵иūεߣǸС÷񲣬ڻڲгſڣΪǵ⡮нְҵô𣿡
һԵҶȴĴЩϸȥ
ֻЩ˺´磬һ֪һЩͽߣעȭŹû֮⣬⼸϶ŵ
ʱһ˵˵˸ǸڵûˣֻҪܹĶӣǣͳʮöҵнǵʮӦƸ߱Ǹû
ҶаЦǸ˵ĶӣҲһʵġٶ
ԸĹٶҶ⻹ֵġ
нְλΪģһǿŪЩ̲˳һ㣬һõˡ
Ȼѽӽ˵ĵ̣ѱұǽڷ籤׷ɱ
Լһĸ֮ۡڣҲܶһʱ֮ɡ
ٵĶĵûб仯ġ
ҶۡİǽǰϵĻҳһ±ĳŻߵ˸ۡǰ
ŵĻΧ
ҶһЦݣϾԼǿ˱ĵĿ⣬ʱӦƸʦģǽͨһɣ
⻰һҶǰһЩУҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һڻ´Ҷһᣬǿ彡ּ·λͣӦòһ˵ͷԸ֧ܶż죬ҲＸ졣
԰գһҶ˴š
ҶǸ˴֮ɨһΧĻɽˮоͦµġ
ո߽һеĲ豭ûжֻһ˳һҶݱ󣬱ڸ
Ҷ⣬ǱǸӸڵûˣԼȻôױܵõĽӴ
Ǹ´Ҷȣ·һ԰һԺǰţүӦƸˡ
һ䣬ڱ㴫һϲ
ҶԷһ˿֮⣬вɰЦΪԼʦʦҲæùǺҪȻһӦƸ¶顣
뵽Ǹ˽ȥ
뷿һɨҶвתӡ


171 Ű
ԭڲССʮŴÿһŴҶһ·
ʮ£ǳ׷е·
֮£ǻ֪Ѿ˼ҵ֮С
ʱֻꡱһЦλСŮӵơ
һ䣬һŮѳ鷿֮С
ֻһأǸŮһӣҶ̤ĴͻȻϼգһʱ䣬ҶνĻᶼûУһ㣬ס˷
Ҷʱŷ鷿ܵĴʵֻͨΨзŴǸŵӫ⣬Ŀ£ΰ㣬һʱ˵
ֵ⿴ƴ˿ԸԼ˹ٽ
ҶԽ˿ԽҶֽŶһţ̬˵Ǳ˼㡣
ֻǸŮӺǺһЦƿϵɴ³ۣ¶°ɫĽΣЦٻһܵҶĿг˵֮ɫ
Ҷе˼飬ǹ̫ˣ
˼ģҲȷǺе˶ɫѷɫѵааʣʹκ˶Ըʯȹ¡
˿ֲֻ̣Ū㷢ЦƭˣǱСһͽѩɽ֮˿ƣһҲֺ㻹Ǳ׷ˡ
˵ŮŻϲĹâǰױŮȴȻҶӣӦķڷ˰ɣ
ҶۼŴҲͲЦ벻ýȸҲʹֱֶΣ˵Ҷȴüͷһղ˵ͽʲô
컹ɶ񣬿ܵĽѵѽ˼齿ЦһͻȻָһҶϵʮ£ص棬֣Ҷ
ҶЦŮǳһܳһˡ
ȻһֱӷԼʮҪѨ
˼ӸµĸҶ΢ЦСŮһУǸѧأϴҶӲҲǲֶͬΣܴΪ˵СŮӱˣ
ҶΪ֮ϴζԸŮȷʵ˵ֶΣԼô˵Ҳûȡǣ뵽㻹ûңɶͽء
˼е֣ŵνͽʵָһЩ֮ˣǴһǿޱȣأÿһŸֲ˼֮ͱ˵һͨ붯ͽΪ֮ϼֵķţܣͻȻģЩʦ˵ЩʦֻҪһЩ֮ͭ⹴ţͿʹЩͭ۴ǣʦִıУֵǧмС
ԭָʿҶ˵ͷͻȻ˼Ů㽫Ұ
˼鵭ɨҶһۣŵİɣҲ˺㣬жҲûиֻ֪ҪӦҴӴ뿪뽭ԣұһ·
Ҷ˼˵ᣬȴǷһ㶼᲻ɰԾ˼ķѨַȻ
Ůжû֪ͨˣжʱ˿֪˼ܻԼе˼
뵽û¶κֻǳ̾һ뽭֮ԹǲܻˣɱҡյɱϽյʱҪֻȱ㣬ٰ¥ﾡá
㣬쵰˼⻰ʱһֺԥҶϳȥ
ֻžһƳҶϣʱֳѪۣҶǶѪ˿
ҶѪҺſˮ³̧ͷЦٺ˼飬һҲסˣѾˣڽ¥֮ǰҪ㼸졣
˼ɭɱȵڱɱ𣿡
Ҷʼ磬ŮҪɱˣ˵֣ĥ˵ʹ졣
˼֪ǹԼȻ֪ΪʲôҪһ˵̧ܲһţݺݳҶ˹ȥ
ڸү𣿡ҶҺһ˴ǽȥֱ顱һײʵǽ֮ϣͣ
˿Ҷȴǲŭϲ
ԭһֱŭ˼飬֣ϲŰ⣬ɸϵΪá
֮Ҫ˼ˮϵ忪ϵѨ
һߣΪֻܴһԵ֮ʱԶ֮ͬųڡ
ҶΪӵԪ֮壬ܵõȴǿת˵Ϊá
˼Ȼ֪Ҷʲôɸ˵ĿģܲµҪԼѨ
˼һһߴҶ಻ףȭ֮ϵһ˿˿΢ѳɹرҶ˵֮УҰ
ȵΪ䲻϶٣Ԫ֮֮˿̾һʦҲӦÿҶı㡣
һȭһ֮˼лҲһ룬Ҷԭټŭһ¶ԷٶԼʩһ
תһ룬˼ŮȻĻ֮ҲԲɵԼд˾ٶĲɡ
˶ԼͼǿǴҲ
۴˿ۼ˼˹ҶҲûֻ
Ҷǽ֮£۶ڱȫѪ˿״쳣ɲ˼УͻȻһ˿ĵüΪηҪҳأ㲻֪ڰ𣿡
̬ǰδºͣʵϣ˼ԼҲ֪Ϊλǰ˲ǰδе
Ҷʱרע˿ո۵ǻ˼⣬Ϊ˲öԷԱ˫ۣǡ
˼鿴Ҷ̬ȣʾߵ½Ҷ̧Ľ£ԱյҶΪҲɱ𣿡
ҶԣӦҪɱɱǷգһ۾
˼ԼʱҲƢЦôǺã㽫۾ҵҪҰֽŽϵʱ᲻գۡ
ҶЦҵ˭ۣҾ͵ӵŮˣԺ͵ѧԹ
˼ȴǺܲм㲻۾Ƿɱأ
ҶʱȴͻȻ˫ۣ´˼һ޵ΣӲҪģԺҪ˯㣬Щ᲻ý¥ȥ


172 Ϊ
ɶļһѽ˼һһ߳ȴǰΪҶǡ᲻á֣顣
ҶҲǱߵշ𣬲ƫУֻһĽų죬䵽һŴ֮ϡ
֮أģһҶڵѨǱ忪
ͬʱҲܵһԼˡ
ҪѨʱ
˼ȴͻȻƵ˴ߣ俴ŵҶæֹͣ¶ԷӦ
淢ǿǰǰŰ򶼰װװˡ
ֻ˼վڴߣĿŭɣһҶĲ֪ӦýǰôŶԡ
˰Σ̾һǺú̸̸ɣֻҪ㷢Ժҽ鷳Ͼͷ㡣
Ҷ΢ЦŮǸ˵ҵǰһˣʲô̸
˼㲻֪ĻǺֺЦһʱҲûӦˡ
˼ĬҶһ㲻νɣҡŮô֣
û˵ֻ꣬һ졣
˼ʵʵԴһ£ûԴԺ˼⣬ֻ¶˵ˡ
ҶȻ˼־һڽԽ飬Ϊ˱ϴεĲɱ֮Сھ㡣
תͷԱ˷ԸҰСӵٰѲ˿սҿֶ֧ãģǾͱ
԰գͷҲصĳȥˡ
ҹ췱ǡ
żһҹ紵Ż԰㡣
Ҷ˿յڴ֮ϣ˫˫ŸǱ£ʹһĳλʦָҲѵĻᡣ
οȫ£˿ճýģڰ֮Уû˿ĵطǱЩ˿Ūȫʹۣ˵ʹ಻
ʼʱҶÿһ£סı˿ͻսһ֣һͶϸСޱȵı˿սļ֮Уڽǧ֮һ㣬ʹ
Ҷ־εȼǿ֮£Ӳҧ̣ƾųǿ־ڤ⾳֮С
״̬£ǰ۵𽥸ղǿʱҶһ忪ʮĸ˼סѨѨʱ
˼ֵѨַӦǽĲѧԳѨÿ忪һѨ֮ǰ˼Ѩ֮еĲᷢˡ
һССѨ֮УֽȻͬķʹۣǳ˳˵
һ⿪ʮѨ֮Ҷȫ·ѱ亹ʪˣҪ˼ͷ
˼еģӲǾͷǻıӡ
ʱŮ˵ģͬһ㣬û˿׽ġ
𽭸ڷ籤ұһУͷɱ䣬ǾԲ򽭸ͷġ
뵽Ψǿҧͦסٴεڵ󼸸Ѩһһĳ
˰ʱʹ־Щʱڳ忪Ѩ֮еһ
ʱɽȻͬʼѨڷҶҺ
Ҷҧأһ忪һѨʱһͻȻ𣺡ӣǺοˣ
ͻҶʱһԼղȫڳѨһϣ֪˽˷䡣
뵽ɰ̾һֻݻѨ֮٣˫ۣŴȥ
վˣЩԼ
һԼʮߣͷף˪ϣµơ
һȴһϸˣ׷ԲԵŹȣû軨۾Ҷͷţִӽͷг˺֮ɫ
ٵˣȻѾܴˣֻݵ۾ȥ
ɴ˿ɼ϶ǳˣӦǽĸ֡
ʱֻǸ˿ڵϷǡ˴աλǡ˴աĻš
ҶҲ˵ţ֪ǽ֮ĸ֣˵˼һĽ˼黹ʲô͹ϵ˼ȶԽҪ
̾ϢһЩпʵҲǳţϷŷֱǰĹܼҺСļѣŴС㵽ģʵС㱾Թһ⣬֪λŪӡ
ȴֵҶӵȻˣ˿֮࣬ûͦʱڹȴ֧ʱϼһʵǼСС㣬빫뿪
ҶʱʣһѨûг忪Խۣڵ֮ƣһٳ忪һѨƶĽҪͷ
Դ˿ԣʱһæŭȵǶҪ˵ץץ˵žͷţΪүô˵𣿶ҹȥ
Ҷ̬ʱڵ
ϵУͬʱһִ⵽˭ǽ
һ˵ô˷Ϊζ


173 ˮ
ڴʱ⴫һƲмЦ
ҶаЦԭ˼˵͵ģи̨¡
ʱ壬ƶģΪƶ壬ڵҶĿˡ
ʱҶȫһѨȥѨλͷ֮Ѩ
ԳѨʱ͢ԣĳ־ҲЩܲˣͷϲϸ嵵ĺ顣
ߵΪܲס˿Ļ̣֮æԾϴ
Ҷһŭȣ˵Ķͣ
ͬʱˮϵ˲䳯һѨȥ忪һѨ
ڳ忪Ѩ֮󣬽֮ǰ˼ڵˮϵһһʹЩˮϵȫľһȦ
һ̣ҶԪ֮ܵˮϵĴ̼ͻȻݳһڴûгֹ
ʹȫˬޱȣֻһ죬ͳɹںһ
ֲͬ͵˴ں֮ҶʱһϢѭԴĸо
ҶеⷬʹಢûаװֻԵɺϵ£ֶһˮϵ
Ȼλʦ࿹⣬һĳλʦſսʤ֮ǶλʦҲֱӿ⡣
λʦ㲻УҲԲǰһˡ
ʵһԣԪ֮壬ҪֲͬԵҲһǧѵ顣
һӵԪ֮ߣֲͬԵҪĪĻǱˡ
Ӧÿһԣ־Զˡ
κһĻãǿܵõġ
Ҷε˵ǧҲѵһĿֻΪ˽˼ˮϵѨҪ̼ԼԪ֮塣
Ϊʹûⷽ룬Ĵˮϵһ˲䣬ֻͻ߻ħѶ
ƫΣͷȫ˳Ѩһ֮ϣûڵ
е̬öӦˮϵԲĻø
ɴҲ֪ҶĸԵ൱ġ
Ҷе֮ǰδе泩ޱȣ˴е˼С椸үôĴһ˯ϰߡ
԰գ㽫˫һգڵˮϵˮϵо
ߵԣһ֮󣬶ǿЦһȥ
֪˶á
Ҷٴ˫۵ʱ˼Ѿ˴ǰ
Ҷݳһ˿Ц⣬˼үеˣ㻹ϴޣ
˼Ҷֲ֪ĻŭһԷֻðͷˡ
ҶҪԺŪһư𣿡
˼ݺݵһۣûҲУҲУ㾿Ҫ˼ô찡
⻰һҶȻ˼Ů㲻ϲү˰ɣ
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˼ݺݵһۣȻȻӲԣСֻܺһˣʤˣ͵ùԹҵĻӴԺ󣬲뽭Ϊѡ
ҶűӣȻһЦŮʲô
˼һ䶢ҶҪıȶһ
ҶɨɨԼϵı˿ɨɨסԼüͷйıȶ֮һˡ
˼鲻мΪ˶޳𣿱Сھͷͽʶһºν죬ˡ
ҶٺһЦ˵Ѿңƫϡ
ɶļһСҪ㼸֮ٷٴαҶŭ˼飬Ծϴͷû˿ԥһƳҶȥ
ĺĳҶӳ֣ͲԺҪ𣡡Ҷ仰˵ʮ㣬ǻаӣѣϵı˿ϸϡ
˼Ŀɿڴ֮ʣҶѾһץԼ֣ӣֱֱѹ
˼ΪҶ϶٣ʹ򲻹ҶҲһ֮£ͱҶá
ʧֻ֣Ҷֶϡ
Ҷֱӹ˼֮У˼֪ûüǳ⣬ֻýһѾҶ˴ݺݵѹ´ϡ
Ҷѹ˽ʵֻ˼ӦӦССĽҶ鲻ԽŲһ£Ȼ˫ݺһ廬޳ȺͻԲΣŷſ
ʱ˼ȴѾҶŪͨ죬ҶŸոշſһ˫˲Ҷ
ҶվҲûվڴϾͶԼ֣ٺһЦԾ˴̡
˼һһ˫ѾҶɱ
ҶʱǴʱ˼ܿģֱӹ˫ֻ֣顱һƴһӲߣνץ˫֮С
˼˫ȣЦ˫޳˵֫ϣһѽ
˼ǰûһᱡһʱ䣬Ҳ˷ŭֻ۽һ죬澹ǹۣſˣ֪۸ң
ҶһĻһæɿĽš
˼˫ȻָɣӴһԾҶģԭҲŮ˿ޣ
Ҷʱһ㵣ЦȻ֪ǼװģҲᣬˣǵϷ͵Ϊֹˡ԰գҶΣͻȻȥ
˼ȴæеںڷ籤ұ뽭ĶҪɱ㣬㵽ûŵĵط
ҶͷҲأЦһ죬һףҶǰǵģȥ߽ϴɾӣڽҶĶϵͷ
ȻϢûбй¶ȥҽڣһɽ񵶼ұͺڷ籤̫һ˿ͻǲ鵽٣ԣ籸·;
ƺ֪Ҷ룬˼ٴνŵڵĵطȻǵĵ̣ǵЩһ£㵶ұ׷ɱ㣬Ҳǲܵġ
һ£̾Ϣһ˵㶮ҩͺˣԼ뵤ƬֻҲΨеԱסˣֻǿϧ
ҶȻȻһЦŮұߣ֮ᣬֺξһҪлѣƺǸȥ
仰һ䣬ҶӰѳʧ˺ҹ֮С
˼ҶʧںҹеӰɫػָһ̾ΪܲϽ˼أڴͬʱ׷ɱ㵥һˣƾʲôֵ
ʱȴͻȻ˼ߣҶȥķ򣬸пС㣬˶ǳ֮ӹ׷ɱҲ˵
˼Ŀһת뵽ʲôʱ¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷ˵߹ǳͶŮˣһء
ǰҡҡͷڿ֪֮ҶˣͶ·ҪȻǾԲȥһŮģʱҲаֻҲΨԼҵСɡ
ֻʵڿϧˡ
ͬʱ´ӵһδأ


174 ҩ
ڴһȻ
ΨһǼһ۹Ҳ൱֪ڴʲôӰ
ڴطΪ߾޼ɵΪԲκιأڵΧͱ밴Ĺƶ¡
ڴκˣڵΧ޼ɣڵΧɱ¾
Ҷﵶұ֮󣬵ұ˸ҷɽ޼ɵɱҶΪұˣƬĸ
Ҷ˵Χ㵶ұٷҲԲ顣
Ȼ޾ԡ
ǿΪ磬ǹɭҲҪʵ˵
ʵܴﵽ嵤ȨбҪȻҲԼ̤ƶֹ
ԶԣڵΧһҪ˵λݣǶһЩҩߵĵλضҪһ˸߹Ķࡣ
ҩ֮ȡóɾ͵ˣڵΧܵĴ
ڲȼɭϣϸĽƶȡ
ݵȼӵ͵ߣҩͯҩͽҩҩʦ
ֻҪΪҩͯͿԻõ룬ʽΪĳԱ
ȻǵҩͯҲôýġ
ΪһҩͯҪϸߴǧֲͬҩġ
ǶҩģǷǶҩģҪһһϳ
ҩġľҩġҩġҩġʯҩģһЩϵƤëͷҩģҪʶ
ҪһҩͯΪһҩͽһˣûа˾ʱۣһܵ顣
ҩݸ˵Ҳˡ
ҩʦڵȴϵĴڣʮҲѵóһ֮УҩʦҲʮˡ
ڵĵطһҩǡ
ǳأ鵤ƿء
Ҷһ·ϣֻǻʮʱ䣬ҩǵĳǰ
ûнǣҶ͸оһɵĲҩ֮ӳƮ˳
Ϊҩʦۼĵطֻҩģýط
Դƶô˵Ҳһ
һ֮ռҩģҲӦóһ˵ɡ
ҶȻһҩʦҩѰһֱжʵĻᡣ
ҩǣôҲӦҵһЩԼҩİɡ
뵽Ҷ˾һ񣬶Եǳһ˿֮ɫ
֮ǰôҲû뵽ڴȻеĵط
ȻŲ֮ѵܳΪһʥء
Ҷҩ֮⣬˳ӣ뾡ǣǽҩǵصˣʵ̫ˡ
ﲻиˣһЩ۹ˣҲʱûڴˡ
ʣЩֻһɣǾҩʦ
ԵҩʦףҲ÷ݣŶӽǣ˵Ҷһһȹˡ
ڳſڣվŰ˸ǿߣÿһˣʿʵͬʯһ㣬ŵߣɭϡ
ҶȻһˣȹģĳǳأһ֮Уȴ״μ
֮ˮ˽
ҶȵǣȻˣٵͼҩǡ
⣬ЩͼĿˣͳͳ
ҶȡҶȻ͸һϸһᣬȷûʲô֮󣬲ߵŴеݵһسǻС
ǸسǵĻеһˮƬһ£ˮƬԼһʱ򣬲Ž»ҶʾҶˡ
ڽǵʱҶĿ⣬ǿˮƬɨһ£лȻֲû˿ٽǣԭ˸ķֶΡ
ͨţҩǵһ˲䣬ҩ֮͸Ũˡ
ҶﰵޣֲЩ۹ˣϲƵҩ
ĳЩ۹֮УֻҲ
ɨȥĴߣ˼ʦ
֮ϣʵߵǷǳϡٵġ
˵һ֮Упܵӵ˵ߡ
˵ߣǰٲһ
ҶҡҡͷȻΪһ
У߱ضǣߣҲʮֳ
͵̰
һ˵Ժɨ
ʱҶҶȻˡ
Լڵվסţ治µұڷ籤ǽ׷ɱˡ
Ҷ֪ҶȻһҲԼⵤǡ
ν뵤뷨ӡ
ҶǲҸ¥סµʱһǳϤӰ֮С
ӰҶһһӦ
ܿͷӦǵǣǶԷ٣Ҳɱɡ
ɾ϶û˸ɱ¾Ϊ˱鷳ߵһȽƫƧ֮С
ʱһϤӰźȻĴҶ֮ǰڵĵط
˲˭ȻǺڷ籤ٱľ
Ҳ벻ԼȻľ
ľˣҶġ
ľ˵ϰݱͳͳҶһ˵òҲҶۿ˼Ρ
ҲΪҶһ۾ϳľˡ
ʱ壬ѾҲõʿ֮һʵ֮¡
ҶǸƫƧĵ֮󣬾ͱŽ棬վһС̨ϣһǳ¾ɵ鼮Ŀķţϸľˡ
ľʱϳԼȻԷɱҲһ뷽跨Ϊ
ԼһڵվסţǸ·һ


175 
ʱľߣĸһˣﵽ˳λʦĵز
Ȼľʣǳӣǳ
ҪȻôɳʦ
Ҫ֪ʦǿߣǶǼĶ
һԣκһһʦǿߣͿԶΪǼ
ĴڣڴǺεȵ
ľʦػһּΪݳ޵ˡ
ҶҲ˵ԼʤһλʦʤֻԼҲøСĴۡ
һ̣Ҷȴơ
ΪʲôԼ㵽Щ쵰
ԼԴ֮һֱǵ͵£ûǹ˼ңȴһĵˡ
ȻҶ֪ԼǲЩ壬ȻˣضԷҲ׷Ź
ҩǼľҶ֪ľԸһ뾡ӶԸԼġ
ԣûŪϸ֮ǰҶԷײ档
ԳȥˣҪˣѾԶˡҶеĹżװģĵʱվС̨ϰ壬ȴǵȻˡ
Ҷԣȴ΢΢һ̧ͷԼǸһۡ
ȴֻһʮ߰˵ꡣ
꣬ҲһߣõüĿ£¶һַǳʡ
Ϊûֻһͽ
ĵ֮Уûаڷ̫Ļ
棬ֻСֻ̨һЩǳ¾ɵĹżľ񣬻мͭ
ҩĵطһС꣬룬Ҳ֪ʲô⡣
ղ꾹ܿҶľ֮ĹϵҶоȵġ
룬ҶͻȻָС̨ĶЦЦСֵܣ飬ȫҪˣ۰ɣ
˭֪꾹ȻҡҡͷЩȻҹ̨ÿһֵֻԵˣĶ㣬һҸ棬뿪ҩǣʱ
Ҷһ㵣û뵽Ը񣬶ŵ⣬ֱӾܾˡ
뵽ԷȰ˵ԼĻҶһȴǿڵĪ֪Ǽ˵ݣ
˵ͷȻ䵭ղŹȥļ֮Уһҩͽǵ֮УһϵҵӣǳǸϿأԼɣҩ֮УǶһĳϣ㻹ʲô·
ĳϣҶ𾪣û뵽ľȻһݣһĿɽĲһĴ󰡡
Ǻڷ籤ٱȻǵһϵҵӡ
ľԼվסţȻôʵ
Ҷҡҡͷе鼮ﰵ̾ѡ
ԼҲʵ̫˵㡣
Ȼûϸ˽⣬ֻҩǣܿǿ
ǣڵ㣬ǵһĳϣǳʦδݣ
ҶЦҪ뿪ҩǣʱҲʺϸ·ˣҸŵĵط롣
˰ΣŶѯʵ֪ҩ֮еĿջʲôضΣ
˭֪Ҷ⻰һǸ꾹ǹҶӦǵһҩǰɣҩûпջģֻ֤̻ͨҩǵڼסҪȻǲҩ޵ģһ£ÿҹҩǾͻһ߻ڳУֱӹΡ
ҶסˣûҩǾȻôŹֵĹ涨
ǸƺҲ֪ҶҩǱѣһᣬֵаȡҩͯݣ⣬Ϳ׵Ľһ£ֻҪܻҩͯݣ򵤵Ϊҩǵڼס
ҶԣжʱһϲæڵҩͯĿ˵ص㣬ʲôط
ֻҪΪһҩͯͿԳΪҩǵڼסҶʮְͨ˵ġ
ǻʵҩʦĵҩ˳ҪΪһССҩͯ׾ٵ顣
¶ԼҩʦݣֻƾԼļʶٿԻҩϵĳƺš
Ҷ˵еǸȴ΢΢һϸҶһᣬϸ˵ȡҩͽݣ˵ĳϣҩ֮УҲû˸ҳֶԸ㡣ܳΪһҩͿԶΪĳϣһܳΪĳϣҲǷǳȻĴڡڴʲô飬ֻҪһͻΪȥĳϣһʦҪ߹󡣡
Ҷ벻һϣȻôȨ
飬пΪ
Ҳ֪ұûгΪĳ֮ǰǲұ¶Լݵġ


176 ľ
ҶԼ˼ҲΪ֮ˣҾͰһΰɣʵŴȣ˶ܲμӵģӦûûлҩͯĳƺŰɡ
Ҷ⣬ٴν͵ŴȣֻȻҩͯĳƺţʸμӣ㲻ҩͯ˵ǲμŴȣŴȵˣڴȥһǰӦܰŪʸ񡣡
Ҷԣ΢΢һ֮󣬱˹
ⵤŴȣǲ򵥣ҪμŴȣõϿɡ
ֻȳΪҩͯſԽһμŴȡ
꣬Ȼ֪ҶμŴȣֻΪ˵õıӻҪһǿĿɽ
ʵҲ룬Ҷڴ˴δ֮ӶõϿɣʱΣõ
ΨһҪǵ飬ǲ֪ľǸʦڵĵλ
ľʦǵһǳǿĳϣԼûеõϲע֮ǰҪһ֡
֮ǰΪҶЩɻ
ͨĽ̸Ҷ֪ԭҩˣһ󲿷֣䵱šн顱Ļơ
ЩˣרΪṩһЩԵϢӶı
ҲǣͨǵĽ˵˿ԳΪĺԺҩǵײǣ٣Щչ˰ɡ
ֻҶ̸꣬ȴЩͬΪ꣬Ȼһҩͽ
Ȼļ𲻸ߣΪҩͽǲμŴȣſڴ֮УٴһԼĵȼ
ڴҶȥߡš˳֮£ΪʱҪص꣬ȥһطһλǰ̼ˡ
ҶΪܰߺŵΣҩǶӦŲݡ
Ҳҩִ¼ĸ߲㡣
û뵽½ݷת֮󣬾һ־ɵľǰͣ
ľӣʮƽһͷľмͷڵһľ̬Ե÷ǳרעƺûҶ½ݷ
ӣС˵̨ϣҲûʲôö
ɨһۣҶҲͿ˼Щݵľ񣬳֮⣬ûκζˡ
Ȼ½ݷĵ̰ҲǴͷѧȥġ
Ҷȴǰ룬һ˷ģ
׻˵㣬Ҳ
뵽Ҷûٶȥ˼⣬Ƽ򵥵ӣӦŲɡ
ʦͽˡ½ݷڵͷȴǷǳ𾴣Ÿո߽ţһʮȵĹ
Ҷ½ݷͷ̬ȣҲЩȡ
Ҫ֪½ݷΪһҩͽֵҲһҩͯҩ֮УҲǷǳеλģͨһ·Ľ̸ҶѾ֪½ݷ粻һϥ֮ˡ
ڿͷ˹ǾֻһɣϣԲƽ
뵽ҶϸĴͷɵĿŸոǸͷϣȴһȻ֮ɫ
ԼΪȻ޷ͷǳʵҶЩš
ҶʱʶΪѾﵽλʦľ磬ϴޣҲһɨԷʵΪ
ڵľͷ϶ԷΪ
ʣò˵ͷһʵֻԶҶ
Сӣ϶ɲʦĪҽСͷȻɨ½ݷһۣ㽫ĿҶϣϸҶһ󣬲ŵ˭ôСߵģ
ȻѾµҶΪ˵Ŵȵ顣
СҶǰҶͷʵԼҲæǰһ񣬲Žŵ½ʶģֻһɺϡ
ͷûҶ˵ֱ꣬Ӵϵˣ϶컹ҪæҶǰɣãľţĿãֻҪб£ЩһﲻΪġ
˵꣬ڵ̵Ǹľֱ׸Ҷֽŵ϶ÿͳһľ񣬾ʹһ飬Сӣɵüס϶飬Ժǻģˣȥп˰ɣ϶Ҫ̡
⻰һ˵꣬ͷֻ䣬һַǳԵϮʱͳ˴š
½ݷҶվڵ֮⣬Ѿŵĵ̣ȴһ󷢴
ûŪһ¡
½ݷǰȻҲ飬ȵعʱ򣬸ϽҶŹرմһ񣬲ŴҶ뿪̡
֮߳Ҷһɻ½ݷľǸǰǺηʥƾһľÿ˵󿪷֮ţ
ľǰֻҪһ仰ͿԽ˵飬ɽôһľ⻹֡˵½ݷҡҡͷˣľǰ£һĪ⣬ܿģҲҪˣȥҩǵĿ˵Ŵȵö˵
½ݷ翴ҶеľҲһɻ벻ס
ǸͷʲôҶԼӦýǸ϶ŪȽϺãϾǸͷԼľʱ򣬿˵ˣһ飬ԼԺҪġ
½ݷԣʱתͷľ̵ķλһ˿㽵ʵľǰҩǵĵλ֮ĵҲ϶١ľǰΪľ񡯣Ҳ˵ľգѾﵽ˻ΪĵزʵҩΨһһʦ˵ļûʲô֪ľǰ
ʦҶһɵĿеľʵڿľ֮
˵ľ񣬲̵ͨգҲͨĿԡ
һͨ˵̳ľֻҲԱԼеľǿߡ
һֻܵľͷһʦ
½ݷ翴Ҷ¶Ļ֮ɫҲû⣬ֻǵȻһЦǲΪеľǳͨΪľǰ׵ʦٺ٣֪еľʲôľϵ̵ģֻ¾Ҫһˡ
Ҷеľʵʲôľϵ̵ģ
½ݷҶеľ̾˿ŵеľľǰľ̵ģ׻˵ľɵҲһѾõľͷľ񡣲ľǰӵı£ľľ񣬻ԵӲ壬˵κζΪΪľǰеĵ̲ϡ
Ҷޱȣϵκζеֱδŵ顣
ıһЩڲṹҲ޷Ѿõľͷ̳ʵõľ񰡡
Ҷûı¡
˵ľǰǲǾͳľȻñǷ飿Ҷȸ£Ӧò޵ķʸ֮Ϊͼǡ
Ȼ½ݷҡҡͷŵҪõľǰľǺεȵѣҩʮ꣬Ҳͼľǰͳľл
˿Ǹͷ̵ĶǳˡҶеľҪԺԼûǮˣⶫӦܵõһʲƵɡ
½ݷȻҶ˼΢΢һЦеľǾҰɣҵҲϧġ㣬ͲױΪľǰĵ̣ÿһǼֵǵĶȻҲ֪ľǰΪʲôҪһľ㣬ľǰǰͳļ̣ȷʵõ˾޴ĻرҲҪһ㡣
Ҷȴǰ˿
ֻǸͷͼıС
ǸͷҪͼıʲôҶûзϡ
Ҫģʱ䡣
ֻҪʱܵõıӻͿڶʱڣͻʦ֮
ֻҪͻƵʦ֮ʱܱ˶ʲôͼıôηˡ
ңƾǸͷľ񣬴ӶԼڵ㣬ǷǸͷһ飬Ҳν


177 
ҩǣǵٰŴȵĵط
ԣҩ֮Уǰ޽еķֲ
ķֲ֮Ϊҩá
ҩãҩΰĽ
Ҷ½ݷ߽ҩãӭһҩͽ
ҩͽҩ֮УҲЩλˡ
ǵˣǲһûһѲŰ顣
Ҷ½ݷĵҲԵʮֵĿûһ㿴˼
ȵ˽֮󣬴ΪӴʹźǺܿѯҶ½ݷ⡣
ҶȻ֪֮ԶһĹйأ뵤µĹйأΪʿǵĵһ׼
˴˵ĹƶȣֻͻܵĴ
ˣ£Ҫһҩõ½ݷ֪ʱѾŴȵıʱ䣬ҪֻߺţҩãȨġ
ӴʹǲĿҶ½ݷһۣȻԿҶ½ݷʲôġ
ϾκⲻһʣÿŴȵʱߺŵˣǲ١
ˣһҪǵѵʲôɣ
ͷҲֻһͿڵŴȵıʱ䣬Ѿֹھͨҩ֤ͯˣҲǲܲˡ
½ݷƺ֪΢Ц֪Ѿˣֻλֵܣ·;ԶԴ˱ʱ䣬һλǰָ㣬Իͨһ¡
ǸӴʹЩɵĴҶһ£ҶݣǴӣǵ˵ͷǵһ£ҽȥΪͨһֻҪ᲻ǣҾͲȷˡ
԰գҲҶ½ݷػ߽ݡ
Ӵʹ֮ҶҲһҩá
ȴĴ߶Ϊоҩã䱸ɭϣҪԼ󴳽һЩʲôأǿɾҲ˵ˡ
ûйãǸӴʹٴ˹Ҷ½ݷҪǣ߰ɡ
Ҷ½ݷŽӴ˶¥һȷǰ
ûнţŵһŨŨ֮
ӴʹҶ½ݷſں󣬾ţǹĿڵˡ
һᣬвŴһȽϵͳԵúǵȻȥԼɡ
ǸӴʹԣΪҶ½ݷƿ˷ţ뿪
Ҷ½ݷ뷿䣬Ϳһˣоһż
ͷѾЩףҶȴִˣһҩ
˵Ѿǵĸ߲ˣҶҲûзϻֱӽеľľǰСǰμŴȡ
һССľ񣬾ǲñֱӲμŴȣǸҩɻϵľȻ֮УߺŵˣССĲ
½ݷȻҲĲ֮⣬æǰ˵ľľǰ͸Ҷֵġ
ľǰ˵ľ񡯺ӣղŻԵúľ֣ȴֱվеľҲС˫֮Уľ˵ϡ
Ǻǰ͸Ҷ֣ҶֺܵúǰĿأԲΪҶֵһľ񣬱ҶִľǰҶֽһҩͯĿˣȻμŴȡ
½ݷһƯת֮䣬ͽľĹЧ̶ȵķ˳
˼Ҷ뺫ӿɲֻһԨԴô򵥣뺫ӵĹϵ൱ķͬһġ
Ȼ⻰һҩõҲֵܱˡ
ҪҶ뺫ŲͬѰĹϵйҶ飬治
Եһ£ȻǸƭ¹شйľ飬Ҫȷһ¡ҩõ⻰һ˵꣬һűߵĻľȥȷˡ
ҶҲǰԸ̾ͷ治Ǵġ
϶ֻһͨĵ̳õһҩ˽ŶԴɼҪҩõҪǼ˺ӱˣ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ȻһҲԿҩõӦò֪Ӿҩǡ
뵽Ҷȴٴο½ݷһۣһֻһҩͽȻ֪ҩ֪֮顣
½ݷҲôء
ʮӣͼһһ뷢԰˽
뷢ԷߣһţͿҶһǺϽܹģ
Ҷ֪ʱ򣬾ԲܵӣȻͷûСȷʵǺǰܹģǰСͨҩͯĿˣȻٲμŴȡ
󵽵ߣȴһҩʦ
ȻҶ֪ҩҩʦĴڣɲͼһҩʦȻֻǵȼ͵һƷҩʦеЩ𾪡
ѹֵԳΪΨһǼɽˣ˼ȷʵ̰
ΪǴﵽƷҩʦٿƳʦĵҩ
½һƷҩʦĵλ֮ʦҪ߳١
ڴҩʦĵһ£˭ǡ
ʱǸҩõȴһеǸߵĪϣľ񣬵ǲǺǰ̵ֵģ
ԣеľ񣬱˫Ŀϸ£˫ۣ˵ͷľȷʵǺ̵ֵģ
˵ȴ΢ɻȻľǺ̵ֵģȴûΪ֮Ҳ˵ֻһΪ֮
ʲôû񣿡ǸҩõԣʱЩʧԺǰľΪҪΪһ񣬿׾ٵ飬ôܲΪ֮񣿡
֮ûô򵥣Ȼǳõһ֮Ķɲңҵġ
Ǹ˵ûҩõûҶѯйءľ񡱵飬ֻǽǸľµݵҶеȻϵľ񣬿μŴȣ㻹汾²£ҪǲͨҩͯĿˣμŴȣҲͽ޹ˡ˵⻰˼֪ľ񣬿ǷͬѰ㲻Ŵ֮ȡһõΣǾǹû˺϶ʱ򣬺ϿܲΪС£㣬ϵ˵ӣȴǱ鲼֪úϵľμӴȣȴûͨδЩ鷳
Ҷ΢ЦȻСӻ֪ŴһʲôʽĿˣԼӦòȱ˲湼˺ǰСӵСҲԸܷ
Ҷ֪ΪԼãǿ˼ʱȴ
ûľҲǻ취μŴȵģϾڵĴɲ̫һǿıӻ


178 
ԣҲȰ˵ҶֻҡҡͷȻҪֲμŴȣͨҩͯĿ˰ɡ˵ȡһżݵҶǰ
Ȿż֮УһƪȵҩģܿЩҩľĹãͨҩͯĿˣھͿʼɡ
½֮ϵҩģǹ֮ʥεĳԣġ
ҩģһЩɽ֮С
½ҩģһЩ񵤵˵Ŭŷ书Чġ
½Ȼҩģ书ãб
ϾҪҶֱһżҩģȻҶ֪Ѷˡ
Ϊֹżҩģǳ֮ϡУҲҪҩͽпһһϳ
ҶһҩͯǣͻȻһĿˣȻҪΪ
Ҷȴû˵˼Ǳżϸ
ûһĿʮеĿڹĿı£Ҳû¶
ֻǶ̶̵ļӣͿⱾż˵ҪһЩ粨
½ݷ֪ԷΪҶȻΪѣҲΪҶã֪Ѷˡ
Ͼӵʵ̫ˡ
ҪҶźӵͷμŴȣһûȡúΣ³ȷʵ൱ҡ
ڿҶɷµǱż½ݷʱЩһҲ̫װ˰ɡ
Ȿϵ֣ǹ֣ҲɲҶܿ֡
ȴ֪Ҷܿ֡
ΪⱾżϵ֣½һַǳеĹд͵ġ
ҶֱȽеĹ֣Ϲŵ֣ҲǷǳͨġ
ȻһУǰһϹҩʦĴ͡
ף㾹Ȼ֣ܿǸ߿Ҷһ߷Źżһñʼĵݣһ൱ȷʱЩԾˡ
ڵֵܿˣҲǳ٣һһЩϹŶ
ƲʮˣȻĿԿֹ֣ȻϵԤϡ
ΪҶǳźӵľǰߺŵģڳˣ½ݷ磬˶϶Ҷûʲô¡
ҩõǶҶĮӣģֻҶеǸľˡ
ɴ˿̼ҶⲿżϵĲҩʱҶЩĿ࿴
Ҷҩ裬һϹҩ飬Ͳ÷ʲô
̶̰ʱһƪȱģͱд˳
Ȼй֮мַǳϡٵҩģҶȴǹûнǵĹЧдȫֻ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ⲻ룬ֻһ֣Լô۰ˡ
ûвμŴ֮ǰԼбҪֵ͵
ô̵ʱ䣬ȻһƪϹҩģһмֱȽټҩģҲһһ˳ȻǺƼˣǰ;һƬ
Ǹ߽ӹҶеģϸһ飬ԽǿԽľ
ΪԼҲ̶ֻȣѾһҩʦҶһʮ˰
Դ˿̴϶Ҷֱ֣ȴ൱⡣
ҶղϹҩĵʱ򣬿⽫ٶȷŻ˲٣ǹд˼˴ŵĴʾ䣬ɾҶˮ׼¶˵УȻˮġ
ΪҩʦȻ۹ⶾҶĲ
ϸҶһ֮Ǹ뷢Էߣҩõһҩͽ΢£ȻٰŪһŴȵ
ҩõԣȴ¶һ˿ΪѵĪϣΪŪһŴȵûʲôֻҩͽ΢£ƺûڵκˣǴҩͯġ
ûҩõѻ˵꣬ĪѾִϵСֵܵı£ֱӵҩҲǴ´ģˣϷȥ˵ȫصġ
ǣĪϡĪѾ˵ҩõҲûٷֻù
ĪûҩõֻٴҶȻǺϽģϣȡһõΣŴȵƺţҩͯҩͽҩһƷҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦȼŴ֮ϣߵҲͳһҩʦҩʦҩʦʮ꣬ûгֹˡԣ˴μŴȣϷϣܻһҩĳƺţҩʦҩʦҩʦͲҪʲôˣϾƺţΪͨõġ
ԱϣָҶһ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮ԶҶչˣǿźӵӡ
ҶҲ֪ȻԼղϹҩĵʱ򣬱ֵӦÿԡ
ǹΪԼˮƽҲŴ֮ϣһҩͽĳƺţҩֻԼˡ
ֻ½ݷЩţû뵽ҶȻ˱¡
֮ǰȻĵİҶĵȴǲôҶ
УҶҲһӵܰˡ
û뵽Ҳп۵ʱ
ʮ֮Ҷ½ݷ߳ҩõĴ֮󣬻Ը̾ѡ
Ȼ·㰡
к͸һľҶΪһҩͯЩѣ˵μŴˡ
Ҷóеľ񣬺Ц⣬Ǻãҩ˴һͨ裿
½ݷȴƲƲĵľǰΪˣôľĴٻ
Ȼ½ݷĻû˵ȫֻҶеľͻȻһ˲䣬ͻΪһľмƮ䵽˵ϡ
ҶЩϼһȻһ˾
¶Ųߣ߲ŸոճΪһҩͯμŴȣľת֮䣬ͱһľм
ҲԷĲܽʱյôãľ˵ˡ
Ҷɵɵеľм½ݷҲ΢΢һ㶣ʵղҲһ˵ѣҲû뵽ľĻʱ顣
ҶһƵĴеľмȻоԼǲǱˡ
Ҳû룬ʱŴȣѾҪʼˣûʱȥЩ⡣
û½ݷֻЦݣҶŴȵȥ


179 ԩ·խ
ŴȵҩǲԶһɽ֮ϡ
ҶжԵΪ棬ôãǵһ˵
еҩš
Ȼҩ֮ʱһЩĹҩϹ
һ˵ںˣϣҲǳһصɫʡ
˵ٶȣǲҲ˰죬ŴﵽŴȵ
һ·֮ϣҶһ׷ɽȥ
ЩˣǴһЩɺҵĺӵܣμŴȣȻϣԼܹͨˣΪˡ
һΪˣڵļɣȻҲˮǴߣԳΪ֮˼ɵ
ҶʻӵܣҲӦҲΪ˲μӵŴȣ
ĺǲһ㣬Ȼô˶֮ӣͬʥһϵ
񵤵½ҲֻһǼ
ϵʲô֮жôǿ
Ҷһη֣ԼƺЩζ
˵ϵǼǶǼҶУÿһȻ
ѰˣһҲ޷Ӵε
ǵõҶȻָ㣬ǡӣҶҲԵʶȲε
½ɵӣȻҲۣ࿴ѽͻȻһ
Ҷȥֻˣһ½ݷ磬ǲмĺЦС½ӣҶ˵ӱżˣǰôţڿ⴫ԣпѽģƾʣҲμŴȣǲ֪ߵغΪŴȣֻҪǸˣμϴŴȣ˵ǳߵĳУֱӱɵӣϣСӲҪУ
½ݷɫ΢俴һۣȴûз
֪ǹ˼ǲм˼ƽϡ
½ݷûǣ㽫Ŀ䵽Ҷϣһ˿ҶʱȴĿһǸõľܵ˲ˡҽ˵ͷҲ֪ЩֶΣϾ˶ʦֵģ˴μŴȣҽҲôźˡ
˵һЩȵҶɽȻѾ˲ҽٷ۵ģȴûмҲֻɱţҽ΢ϵģҲЩζ
ҶȻһЦûˡ
ȻޱȣһĿ˵ҲЩ뱳
ϾԼݣҲҩ֪ô֪ԼȻǴҩõϢ
֮һˣһ˵ҶʱҲЦѵԭǸҶļһ벻㻹ЩֶΣȻܵõҩƼǰμŴȡϣܾԶһ㣬ϲ飬һЩļһ
һ˭Ҷü½ݷ磬ϣԷΪ˵һ¡
ɽһǼӾɽ˧Ӧ˵ɣǸ½ݷ˵Ѿ̬ưĵԼ
Ҷԣϸһᣬȴһɻ½ݷ˧ʲô
Ҳݣ˧ǶǡǸҶԼʱʬ죬ڷȴ½ݷҶѾǰȥ
˵Ȼҷ˧ӳҪÿǸҶȥıӰɫѿһֱ߶֪ܲҵͷŴȣһҪϹӣ
Աߵ꣬Ŀ쿴Ǹ˧һۣЩΪȻ
ܹҶȻܵõӵƼһȻͲѷɫ
Ǹ꣬Ҷ˵ָʾһҶǳûҶȽϵ˼
ۼԼߵͬ飬ĸҶȴЩΪ֮
û뵽ұҲˣʱǸ˧ɫһ䣬ȴЩʧ
ԣҲæ̧ͷȥȴһ޴ĺɽʻɰƥѩ׵ĶźƷǷĳɽʻ
棬վʮŮÿһ˵ƣǳĿˡ
ԩ·խû뵽ұڷ籤ڣҲˣҶʱҲɽµǼüͷ壬ЩȻ
ⲻǴ˵֮УׯʮһôĿҶϣɱɭȻȴЦҶ֣èİô׷ɱȻܵɽҲòѽ
ֵ˺𣿡ҶȻһЦЩ˼ֿ»֪ɳЩӢѾιɽ֮еޣֻС̫ܳЩһСģҪǵ
ֲǽɳĺ֣ڶûһظУԭѾĶ֣㡭ԣɫʱѿޱȡ
Щ֣ԼĸɳȥģЩ˽Ҷ׽úݺݵĥҶһ
ȴû뵽ЩˣȻʧˡ
һʧô֣ҲԼϵ
Դ˿̣Ҷʹ޵˼㡣
ٺ٣Һڷ籤ʤһ˴Σȴûʧ֣ڷ籤һʱһƵҶһۡ
ҶȴɻӦǺڱһɣܲһ£󱤵С㣬Ƿرˣ
⻰һڷ籤ĸʱɫһҶȷʵڶûлȥĪĶ֣
˵⻰ʱ򣬴ɱû˿Ρ
Ҷ⻰ȴ΢΢һԭ⣬ֻ˴һںڷ籤Ľȴû뵽Ȼûлغڷ籤Լɱ
ҶȻ֪Ϊʲôغڷ籤Ӧԭ
˵ǳ֮սȴǾԲš
ڷ籤˼ǷҪѺڷ籤ԼǲӦðһѣ
뵽Ҷͷ½ݷ磬ѯʵ½֣ɽӦòɱ¾ɣ
½ݷһǵҶȰ˵ɽǵĽأȻû˸ףҶ֣ǵұǽǴǳǿòǡ
Ҷʼ磬һε⻰˵̫ˣ񲻵ǣɱˣֻж޲ýʬء
½ݷԣȴǴһҶΣűֵǿ
ҶٺһЦΪ⼸֣о½磬ܺƢ֮ĹϵҲ⼸֣Ӷ׽ࡣ
ҶɽׯȥˣǲҲزˣʱͻȻҲǽĿҶϣ¶һƼΪ޵ɱ
Ҷȴҡͷ̾Ϣɽׯ治Ӧòִ£ЩȻˣ͵óº֮
ɫ΢䣬ʱҶֶΣǶɱôˣͲ𹫷ߣɽ㣿
Ҷ鵭ȻɱˣֺαɱˣɽǵĽأҳ֣ҵ뿴ʲôķӦ
ԣվܵĵһۣȴһЩɵûҶ֡


180 ׳գ
ʱǸɽķ˧˿ΧҶܵ
ֻЩһǴĽɫÿһˣҶʱ򣬶۷׹⡣
֪Щ˲Ķ֣Ҳĵ״˸ս֣˵һʦ壬ҩõִ£ҩҲǸҶģһ飬ǸţǸҶģΪʲôͬʱô
Ǹպ꣬΢ԥһ£ŵ˵ԭҲ֪˵ڷ籤ұΧɱȴûгɹɱˣΧ
һսɱˣǸз˧꣬һȻĬ˰ΣҰοЩˣӦöֻһЩͨˣɱһЩûз֮ͨˣʲôӢۺú
국ɨ˷һۣҡͷʦ˵Ǵս֮УɵÿһˣߣлһЩߣÿһˣֻǿ
кȻʱҶĿ⣬ȴǲ֪˸ı䡣
ͬʱҲΪ֮ǰĿЩЦ
Ҳû뵽꿴ԼҪС꣬Ȼһ˿ֲ
뵽ǿЦѣҲûҶͷˡ
֣֪Ϊεұڷ籤뽭ҪɱҶ𣿡˵ΪСʵֲ̫ˡұڳʦ£ҲûɱɱǵұǽֻǺڷ籤ˣСһɱǵɽš
⻰꣬ȴǶҶһĪľ⡣
һֲ֮ܶɱⲻҪ˵ҪͷԲѽ
ڴʱͻȻһɺȻϢɽϿա
ˣ̧ͷȥֻһ޴ĸƽ̨֮ϡ
ڸƽ̨ıԵ֮վһȫװļʿϢΪֲ
ֻ֮
ʯֱӴ֮ϵĸƽ̨ʱһ׵ݣ
ݵһˣֱֱڵɽһȴûڸƽ̨֮УӦһͨ
̨ˣʶʧͺ
ҶҲ𾪣һͭƽ̨ƽڰ֮УӦûκοƼֶεģȫһﵽ۷Ļ֮
еĹգȻȲϺĺĸֻҲȥԶˡ
ңҶҿ϶߶ƽ̨л壬ĳʯ
ǼֶΣȷʵġ
ʱһߣͻȻɽμѡεĿԱδʮߣԿ̨ͨ˵ȣͳͳɽȥɡ
ҶɨһɽĲԼ֮
ͬʱҶҲ֪ˣǴ󲿷ֶһЩҩˡ
Ҷͬǣ½ݷĲߣȴǳ˽⡣
ϵҶһЩʵߡ
УȻҩͯӶ࣬Щλ͵ҩ֮ͯ⣬ΪٵҩͽҩҲкü
Ҷȵǣ˴εĲ֮УȻһҩʦ
Ҫ֪ǵȼ͵ҩʦǵϵ
ҩõҲǸҩ
ҶȻţڲһЩƵҲܳΪһҩΪڲܶ£û
ɴ˴Ŵȣҩʦˣ֮гʣ治һ򵥵顣
˭֪Щ֮Уûʵǿȴϲ͵µļһ
½ݷܵı֮һƼұٱ֮ʱҶǾһ
ΪƼұٱȻһŮˣһһŮ
ƼұٱҲ˫ʮ껪ȴѾǰʿΪһһҩ
츳ʶЩƼұٱҶҲòһ̾ȻǴŵġ
ҶԼƼұٱȽϵʱ򣬺Ȼеϱ򣬺һѾעԼܾˡ
뵽תͷһۣȴˣҲһŮ
˼飬Ҷ֪˼һҩͽӦǻģֻǸղʱ򣬲ûп˼飬Ϊˡ
˿ͻȻ˼ҶУЩϲ
Ͼ˼а
Ҫ˼飬ܲμŴȣ˵ء
뵽Ҷɨ˼ԱߵĽһۣʱһתͳ˼˹ȥ΢ЦŮǻԵѽû뵽Ȼٴ㣬ϴһ֮¶˼пķ绨ѩΡ
˼鿴ҶƽıμŴȣһʯͷҲˡ
һֱҶҩǵ·ϣᱻұǽ˸ɵڿҶĳԼǰ˼ȴҲ־ϲ
֮μŴȣҲ˽һҶֻûп˵ߵĽǽĵһŮʮһǻ˰ɡ
ϣֻվڽߵһˣһȣһǳİâֱӳҶ
âĹ·ߣʮֹ죬ҶҲ˵
ȵҶӦʱҲֻǱֵһ£ȴоâ۵ģһԼδ˵ȻϲǱâЩʹ
ʱɨǸֳȵˣȴ˾Ȼһλʿ
ղâӦר޵йأԲԵ졣
ҶתһϵĲʡ
ղһ£Ҫؽʱֵ̣סˣͲ˫ۣ˳֣ʵѷ
ˣƺ˼ŷͬһĹϵֻҶʱɫޱȣͺҶղʲôʮһ㡣
󻤷㡭˼һõĿǸֳȵˣȻǲղŵľٶ
ʱҪչ˺㣬Է뿿ˣþҵļСǸˣ˼ʱȴ۵ĳ磬ºޱȡ
˼ȻҲ֪ԷΪԼãҲ˵ܾĻֻǳһᣬŵ˼ѾˣǷǵģҡ
Ļ˼Ȼû˵ǸˣѾˡ
Ǿ˼飬ƺҶźøС
ôУ˶֪׷ɱҶҪ˼ҶϹϵֻ¾Ҳ򽭲ĸ׽¡
ҶȴûǸˣ˼΢΢һЦŮлᣬǾ뿪ɣҪ˶ãҾͻȥһ˵ġ
ҶⷬǷǳˣ˵Ǽ򽭸սˡ
⻰һ꣬ǸˣѾǰǽ
Ҷû뵽˾ᵲסԼ̬ȼΪӣƺֻҪҶͷͻҶ֡
±ӣҶԵúεԴǽˮˣǱżˣ׳գӹһ㡣


181 һķ
ѽǸˣɫѾѿޱȣһ߸ϰˣ쾹Ȼ˸ҶܾһƳҶȥ
Ŵ£ٺ٣ºôĵһͻȻԹ㳡֮һ޴ӡƾճڰ֮УǸˣһĳɽ
ˣһӡķ֮ʣŻع
ɽǵĵ̣Ͳܷĵط
һ·Ѫײϼʮ֮ǸˣƨĶٷһȺ֮УҲðͷˡ
ȻԽҪڵĵط£Ȼûʸ
ҶŰ֮һӡҲһȻ
һӡֻҲһλʦģҪȻƾǸ˵Ϊ׵ľͱһķɡ
ӡһλʦôҶϣֻҲֲ˺á
ⵤĵ̣ǿûãȻͼһҩʦһλʦ
ɼܳΪĵһҲûԭġ
ӡλʦȻҪϴĵ˲٣ҶͨһӡܵʦϢλá
ڵޣҶ֮򶷵ʱȴһҲ
ֵģһߣȻɨҶһۣǵҲʮһȵŴȣҴĵһ񣬾۹ҲЩġĿԱݣ̨ϾҪʼˡ
һ䣬ǰˣ׷̨
ת֮䣬ɽɽͱϡ
ҶҲβ̨֮
̨һְ̾͵ľ޴㳡
ڹ㳡룬һԲ׵ĸ̨һŵϯ
ʱЩϯ֮ϣѾС
Ǹߣȴվڸ̨ǰŹ㳡ѵĲߣȴüͷ塣
ˣҶһȻҵŴȺӣҪΪˣȴǳ̣ʵֻǻ츳ԵҪġǴһ£һٸҩ֮ͯУͿԵһҩͽһǧҩͽ֮УпܵһҩǴҩǼǷȱģҩʦ޼
˵ͣһ£żڵŴȵҪ̶ȣͲ˵ˣ˴ŴȣҪΪھӵҩ츳˲šֻӵҩ츳ǲпҩʦĵ·ҩʦΪƸ浤ҩǵ½Ժ֮Ŵȵǰǵǽǰʮ֮ΪľӢӣǰԶΪĺĵӣΪĵ֮󣬵Ϊǿҩ⣬ȫҩʦĵ·иҩʦָ
Ϣһ㳡ʱ
ϣҩʦݳȻԺ˿Եõҩʦָ㡣
ܶӵҩ츳ˣǳϣõһҩʦָ㣬Ӷҩʦ·
һҩʦʵڲ࣬һ£ôָˡ
ڵѵõҩʦָ㣬ЩԵʶҩʦ˵һĻԵ
Ņ̀ʾ㳡ϵˣҪڵҩǵҩʦҲҩǵĺҹڤִ˴Ŵȡ
½ݷ簵Ҷ͵ҹڤʮǰҲμӹŴȣҵõҩĳƺţҩǽеһҩʦ
½ݷ˵ҶѾϳˡ
ˣȻ֮ǰп˵ǸߣȻҶ֪һһƷҩʦȴû뵽ˣҩǵĳ
Ǹ֮󣬺ҹڤվڸ̨֮ǰ΢ЦΪ˱֤˴ŴȵľԹƽԣδȣʮУͬвöʮУֱҩǵĴϣͱҩõԨĴˡ֮⣬ǻһرαˣšľ񽳡֮ƣӣǰϯӣġ
ųҹڤĻһ䣬㳡֮ϣ˲üž
ʮί˵κһˣǴĴ
׿ҩԨ˲˵ҩǵĳǡľ񽳡ϯģһվڴһС׾
ɴ˿ɼԴ˴εĿˣȷʵ൱ӡ
ҶҲ벻ε֮УȻֺӵĵӡ
ܳΪӵϯӣһΪŴȵУɴ˿ɼҲһ򵥵
½ݷҶܵ˵Ǹģһʦһʦֻ۹ʱȴǾܾˡ£һǴӺǰĿдģҩǵˣ֪õ۹롣
һʦһõһ۹룬ѹܳΪӵϯӡ
ʮ֮󣬺ҹڤûмȥǿڵڣǾҩǵĴϣһŴȿĿ


182 ҩ
ҹڤȥһˣȴ
忴ֱȺҹڤĶ࣬ʮ꣬ΣΪҩǵĴϣȻŲ
βߣͬһۣ˿ȴԵĶš
Ҷֻ֪һ˵ı棬һܳĸ߶ȣûѪֶΣֻ¾˵ȥҲû˻š
ڸλߣֶμΪʱ֮
һ˵òˣֻ¾Ǳˣ㻹ڹ
ߵǰ̨֮ʱ㳡ϵˣҵĻ
Ȼֻһҩһ㲻ҩʦ
ûԭֻ廹ıȽʱ֣ΪһЩǳҩҺ
ЩҺ壬β˵ģҲħȶģʡ
ЩҩҺĹãһЩͽ׵ҩᲢۡ
һˣȻҲͻ˲ٵ
ڴб廹ҪҩʲôҩҪǳ֣ۿɲһĸߡ
һҩʦ֣ۣЩԽܡ
ҩʱѳ֣˵Ѿһַǳˡ
òǰ̨ˣ΢Цĵ˵ͷŵ˶Ӧ֪ҩ֮Ǵȵλġ˵ڴǵĵˣһ棬Ӧòκ˲ʵϣ֮ǰһСȴһҼ𾪵顣
˵ͣһ£ȵ㳡ϵˣע˼еϣ˵񣬶֮󣬲żڵ֪ǵˣԺһ·벻ҩĵıʶһҩıϷʽ˵൱ڽʿеıеǲȥҩģǾ൱ʿʧȥ˳ʧȥǽһ޳ɣڶ˵һõҩıϷʽ൱ҩߵĵڶǵıϷʽֻͣ׿ڳԵĲΣϧֱʹַΣճ̶ʵ̫ߣпֱʳݶûҩʦҪһֱȽȽıҩʽҪҩߵĹЧ棬ϧǴδ˳ɹǡ
ȻԵúǼںɽµһСϣѾһȻһֳӾеıҩַӵ࣬һ׼ޱȣκһֻҪѧַĹЧ棬Ҫʮϰٱ˵ַҩĸ˹ʥͣû飬ֱҩʹ档Զֱҩʽĵ
ҶȴЦ˵ıҩӦþϴȥΪ˵Ŀ⣬Ӷµַ
һϹҩʦıҩ֮֮һȫ͸ģȫܿüҩޡ
ҩޣÿǲʳһҩĵʱ򣬶ܿüҩ֮еֱ仯
йҩ޵췽ڵ½Ѿʧˡ
ַҪӶƳҩޣɹĸʣֻ»֮һɡ
ƳԼҶУ˿Ц֮⣬ȴΣɲϹʱҩʦһֳıҩֶΡ
ֻǽˡ
ҪԼһƳ˸ҩֻ¾ǻʱ䣬Ҳܡ
˷µıҩ
ⲻܰôû˵
һµıҩûмʮ˵Ŭôݵĳ
ӦһϼΪ֮Ŭ꣬Ѿһַ㵽˼ӶһˣһƹɣҲ֮еš
ĺʶһֱƳıϷ
˿ǹ㳡ϵĿߣĹڣʼ
֪Ǹ±ҩˣǺηʥ
ٴʾ˰ڵ֪Ҷ֪дҩ˭ҿԸǣǸ˵ݣڽȷϣһõǵһʱҹġ
Ҷȴһ
ַǴԼ¶ȥģôڶûȷݣⵤİЧҲ̫˵ɡ
ȴûҶԹǽſڵλѡ֣ڳˣ֪գÿһˣһԼıҩ֮һ֣ǾͽҩĿˣڶ֣ʱܣ֣ǽҩݿˡ
ҩĵıϿˣҶԶžóһЩȽϺҩģÿ߽бϣʲôҩݿˣȴЩ
彫ҩݵĿ˷Ӧ÷Ƿһ㡣
˵ѾǵκһŴȣ൱ӵģźܶ˶֪ϹʱڣкܶĵҩϧǣЩµĵҩ඼ʧʷĳ֮УҺһЩϹŴܣԶ֮һЩһֶصķʽʮǰǵһϹżǸż֮Уҵ˼ҩģЩҩģǵѾϳһЩȴҩģûܱϳ
˵ȴͣһ¡
ҶҲ˵飬˺档
֪Ǹż֮УЩʲô
ϾԽصĶԽ˵֪Դ˿̳еģ塣
΢˿żЩҩĶǳ˵ϡȱһЩҩģ̷ֱҲзǳĹЧǵЩҩ֮Уһֿ׳ҩģǴߵʱ䣬Ϊ֪һߣÿʱͻƣټȥһҩģȴʹһߵʱ䣬ӳһСʱ˵һҩĵҩӶƵҩɹеߣһ
˵ҩģֱ׳ʱ㳡ٴ
ʱҪ˴ľ
κ߶֪ĵľֻҪõһЩӪָ̲ܻ֮
һģֻܵԼָָܽ
ϣκһָܻĶ쳣ġ
ҶҲĶЩ졣
Ȼ䣬Ϳ׳񣬵սʱһĹȣȴҲϻָ
ÿδս֮ˣԵ÷ǳƣ
һܿٻָĵҩκһˣǷǳҪġ
ȵе֮ƽϢһֵ֮µЩҩģȻĹЧϧǣЩҩģû˿ǵҩˡΪֹǵٷʮϹҩģЩҩĵҩޱȣÿһ֣ҪԣѶȷǳ֮󡣲һ˼ƶ̣˼һڳ֮ͬЩҩóλ룬ϣһЩ
˵ֻһ֣ͼ󣬳ǧƵʯڡ


183 ƾһ
Щʯ֮ϣ̻һЩǳֵĲݱֲԼһЩйǵĽ˵
˵ЩֵĲݱֲǵֵЩϹҩˡ
ҶȵǣЩʯϵĲݱֲһϹҩʦĴ֮УȻֻڻҩƪĻɫ
Ҳ˵ЩʯϵҩģֻһϹҩʦ֮УΪͨҩġ
û뵽ԼõУ˿ֲ
طΪϹҩĵĲݱֲϹҩʦĴ֮Умһᡣ
ڳĿߣÿһˣֵһʯڣϣܾܵʯҩĵҩ˵ѾףЩʯڣһڲߵĵһֿˡ
ҶҲ²⵽һ㣬ЩʯϵҩģӦѾһЩȴûȫ
֮ЩʯΪһֵĿˣֻҲϣһЩûҩİɡ
ЩʯڣǵһֵĿĿҶԼֱ˯ˡ
ĿˣͲúķѰ񣬾ͿֱдЩҩĵҩ
һֿˣʱ䶨Ϊʮ죬ճɼҩΪ׼彫һ仰˵꣬ʼǿʼһʯڣҲѾ
ʯڷ֮ҶҲõʯڡ
ԼǰʯڣҶԼ԰ڵʱˡ
ϾҶμŴȣġ
ֳĶԽȻҲԽܵõϲʿע⡣
ȡóɼԽãҲȻԽܵĿء
˶øԶصķѾ˼Щҩĵҩ֮ʱҶȴѾʼĿ׼ӭӵڶֿ˵ĵ
ԣ㳡ϣͳ˺ֵһĻ
˶ʾ֭ķʯҩҩʱȴһһȻʯڣ˯
һ˵УΪҶڤ룬ΪҶڳʽĺ˯
ҶΪһЩʿУȴ˻ϲǡ
˼鿴ҶڣҲûҩĳжʱɫ
Ϊ֪һҶûڴ˴δ֮ȡúõΣͲܼ뵤
һҶܳΪˣҶμѾ¶£Եұڷ籤뽭׷ɱǽǱɡ
ΪӵϯӣԼʦƼһǰμŴȣҶǱȽϹעġ
ɴ˿̿ҶʯڣǺ˯ģҲǿЦѵСӻܸ㣬òᶥʦͷֵİɣ
ڤ֮еҶҲ֪ȥ˶ãȵ˯ʱƺ˶һĿԼ
վһȻ鿴һߵĽȣʱԼҲӦҪЩʲôˡ
ʱ붼û룬Լǰֽϣʼ
СӵɴĺҡҡͷûйעҶУ϶Ҷû˼뵤ʸ
ĿߣÿһҩģҪļⲻ֪ٱ顣
ÿһҩģڳĿ˵һ־޴ջ
Ҷҩģˮַ֮һɴҲضð
ڴ˴Ŵ֮Уǿѡ֣ʯ֮ϵÿһҩģǿֿ֮󣬲ſʼģ㳡һΨһҩʦʯ֮ҩĵʱҲһء
һڿ˵ʮʱ䣬ʯϵҩģͷǳ̫ˡ
ڣһߣץʱڽ롣
ΨҶĹؼʱ̣Ȼ˼˯
һЩҶгˣҶֱ֣а˿
Ȼұڷ籤뽭ˣڻûнҶһ˼в֮ʣӶΪ˵Ҫǵ鷳ɾʹˡ
ԺǶԸҶҪҶҪҪԸˡ
ڿҶڳеı֣ˣ϶һˣҶ̭
һֿˣʮʱ䣬оʱ䣬Ҷȫڤˡ
Ȼڱ˵УҶ˯ˡ
һ죬Ҷſʼʯϵҩġ
һʮĿʱ䣬˶ڽ֮жȹġ
ΨҶƺֻգۣһζˡ
˽ʱҶҲģĽеĴͱĲһ𣬵ȥ
ҶǰʯϵҩģѾȫ˳
Умַǳϡҩġ
Ҷ˵ȫ¡
ʮίߣ˵ûйĿı£Ĵٶȣ൱ġ
ԼĸСʱвߵĳɼ˳
Ȼڳ˶֪Ŀˣûб׼𰸵ģΪǵҲнʯϵҩĶ
ҪһȱĴ𰸣ǲܵ顣
һίȴԸݲҩԼƶҩ֡
ֳĲ߽Ͻ֮󣬼˶ԵúǽţЩˣѾ˽֤ԼĴ𰸡
˵ֳеˣǾרҶˡ
õϹҩʦеܵøһĿȥײǽˡ
ݴôôҩģһҶԾȴһ𾪡
֮ǰѾĹٷԾˣɾҩĲߣҲ֡
ҩĵĲߣѾǷǳǿĴˡ
ΪһίĿѶȣǷǳģҲ֡
ȻһŴϣȻڼʮ֣ĵһ۾϶Ӧǲܵ飬Щҩ࣬׼ȷģӦûм֡
ΪЩϵҩģǰ͵ڶޣһµʱ䣬ҲһС֣һ󲿷֣ȴû˿
壬ôˣиˣԾ˴º棬㼷˹ͬʱĿ䵽ҶԾϡ
Ծϣôôҩģѵĳ߹ŪĶ磿ףԣԾǰĲҩԼҩǳᣬǺдȥġ
ҹڤΪҩǵĳ۹Ȼһ۾ͿԾĲ֮ʱȤȥԽ¿ȴԽľ
һľϲ
ݣ޹ԪȫˣȻȫˡ忴ҹڤʱҲ˹ɵԾϵЩҩģȴһĴͣϣѵţǰһУǻþ
ȴ֪ҶǰΪ˵õһҩʦĴУ˶Ŀͷ
һɱ¾ɭ֮Уβ㶪Сûܵ
ҺܵҲһЩر
ҴҪһҩʦʮʱ䣬Ȼʮʱ䣬˶ҩġһѶҶһԾ߬У飬Ǽѡ
Ҫ飬ǵ֪ݴ𰸵ˣһ۾ͳԾǩȥ


184 Ƿѡ
ҶôеϤȻֻһҩͯбµˣǳϲ͵°ŴϵǸ֣ȴ϶ҶӦһĸӵܡ
ϣҸоƪķǳ׼ǲ֤һҩһίеĴһۣȴ۳ȡ
ˡȻܾƪ覵ġ˵仰ͻȻתеڸݸλĳɼǵŪŴˣûΪһֿ˰ף֡
ҹҹһҲ˵ͷ޳ϵ⣬ƪ֮˵ҩǷֻ֤ͨҩһĪġ
ҩǵĳ϶̬⼸ίȻҲͬ顣
Ŵȵһֿ˵һίĲöܿ˽
Ź˰ʱͼҩǵĳҹڤվί̨ǰ棬ڹŴȵһֿˣѾ˽ѾѡǰһɼȽϳɫĲߣͨЩ˵֣ǱֵģеڶֵĿˡûбֵģ˳̨ϣһεŴ֮УٽֻҪǹŬл뵤ġ
ҹڤ⻰һ꣬ǰļαһڲߣͣ˱˴ۣ֮㳡֮ϣҲ˲ž
رһڲߣǲܽǰʮͨһֵĿˣҲһ൱ĳɾˡ
Ϊڳˣֻ֪Ҫͨ˵һֵĿˣͿܼ뵤Ϊˡ
ڴ˵һַǳߵǶԼԺǰ;ŷͬһ档
Ծţɾڴһˣ
ҹڤе£ųеĲߣֱӹĪģ6֣һ٣ڶֿˣԨ¥ʫʫ6.2֣ʮţڶֿˡţ6.4֣ʮˣڶֿˡغɣ6.7֣аʮһڶֿˡţ˧6.9֣ʮڶֿˡ
˿̣һЩѾΧˡ
ûбģЩĲߣӶ󣬿ɾǵˣʱͽǣʲôʱͽ᣿
㵽ˣ˵׷ҲһĴ⣬Щ־ζ
ŵķ˧Ҳ㵽Լ֣һ6.9֣ʮλҲһ˷ܡ
Ȼ֪ƾԼı£ڶֿˣûʲôģҲֻһҵˡ
࿼ڿԵʱ򣬶ԼԽʵǿԽģȴһѡ
Է˧˿ԼıлǷǳġ
뵽ʱ뵽֮ǰԼĮӵ½ݷҶ
Ҷ½ݷ֣ûб㵽Ӧˡ
뿴֮Լʱ򣬵ıء
ǣûȷ˧YYϣúҹڤٴοڵҩͽ½ݷ磬7.6֣ʮҩͯͿ˶7.7֣ʮ
⻰˧ɵסˣҲû֮ǰĴ⣬Ա˵ףأҲûˡ
Щһֱ½ݷ簵бȽϣȻ½ݷЩأǲΪԼ½ݷ
ڣ˼ڵһֵʱ򣬾ʮλ⼸ʮΣʵЩܲˡ
ΪղŻ½ݷǰ԰һ֪˼ҵȻҪߣ⻹ôȥ԰ڡ
ΨһԸеЩŵǣֱڣûҶ֣Ǹֻҩͽļһˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰԼ̸ͬҶ¼ʱ򣬿ǱҶִĲᡣ
ҶȻڵһ־˰ڷ˧УһҶҲˡͷһ֮ǰҶģȻּ˻
˿̣ģǷ˧һԹĽ
֮ǰ˵һȫµıҩʽַ֪ҶŪġ
Ϊڽʱ򣬶Ҷֱ֣ڣɶǼ¡
֪ҩǵ壬һֱҩʱһֱĵ֮С
ĺǵҶΪԭ򣬴ӶܵĿء
ҶΪԭҡһ䣬ӶΪĺ
ʱ򣬾ͲɱҶˣҪҶ᲻ŵǽ鷳
֮УȻҲǶˣҲֻǼ
ҶĳΪһǼˣǽ治κε
ҹڤѾ㵽аڶʮȻûе㵽Ҷ֡
鷢չеһʯͷǷ
Ҷ죬һҩͯڣҲܽǰʮɡ
ڽǰʮģҩĴڣҩͯҩͽûʸС
ʱһڼαϯȴŰɴŮһһĮȻǶĴȣûʲô£һȴһŵźҹڤĵ
ڶûҶֵʱŰɴŮѾ¶ĵ֮ɫ
Ů˭ׯ̡
ǲ֪ҶμӴ˴Ŵȵģ֮ȫΪһԭ
ǵ㳡֮еҶ֮ȴʱȫԼҪ飬֮УֻҶˡ
ֽţȻ¶һŮɫŮһɻ̵СʦãôˣĪ㳡֮УǳҪ𣿡
ԣȴû˵Ź㳡֮еŲݸԵúеҶȴ֪ǺǺЦ
һȻԸ񣬶ʱˣȻ顣
꺮ҹڤĵҶĲѡѾܷҲҪȥԼʦҶָһ·
Ϊ֪ҶһѡԵұڷ籤뽭׷ɱǸܻ߳ҩǵġ


185 ɧ
ҩڵ8.5֣ʮҩۻۣ8.7֣ʮҹڤ㵽ʱֳû˰
Ϊڳˣ֪ܽǰʮĲߣԼ뵤ǻܵҪ
ˣһ;ǵľԾӢ
ʱ򣬳ˣҲסѾʼƲĿеѡˡ
һֿ˵װӦɣϾ˼вУΨһҩʦ
ҿãԨĸȻֻһҩ˼ܵͳģһ˵Ԩĸ۹ĳһɣЩϵı˵жõһҲΪ档
ⶼǹʱϢˣ˵Ŵ֮УԵ۹꣬뿴۹ʲôطǴᲢ𣿸οԵ۹ܻ꣬ϵء
Ե۹۹֮صԴҪ߳Ǵ࣬καԣĿ汾£ǽҼһܶڡ
еۣѾЩʧصζڶ˿Լ֧ߵӣҹڤҲȫԵͣ8.2֣ڰҶ£Į8.4֣Ԩӣ8.6֣һƷҩʦգ8.7֣
ӷһֳ˲ʧأ˵֧ߣǲĽ
ⲻܣĻһĻѧʿǴΪ¸صļ֮һǵʵôֻ壬ǲ˭ʤλǰҪһ˵
˿̵ĿˣһкֲҪһƽĿˡ
ǰһҩֶΣ뻯ҩ֪ʶԨ纣жƷҩʦҲܽǰ
ǰֻڵλǴʲôˣǰ֮УεĿˣȫûа㹫ԡ
˿̵ֳӵһƬҡ
ȻĴڣڴ൱ġ
Щ֧ߵĿУ϶ԼĿеż񣬲ǿġ
ЩˣʧأЩ֧ߣ׷һ壬ûʲôġ
һĿеżûлĿеĵλЩ˿飬ĳ
ССĳֳ棬Ǹƽ顣
ڴ֮ôȻĵλһȻǵʵǿûʲôҲӵĵط
Ϊڴ˵ĿУκ飬оݣӲǿеġ
ڷ飬ҶŵһԴ˿̵ĳ棬άһҪ˵״̬֮Уǻطֻһģһҡ
ʵҶУҲЩ⡣
ģûһĵطйʯϵҩģȫ˳
̶ֳȣһǷĪġ
ԣڼߵգֻһǰĸΣ׺ηʥռţ
ϲ͵ģǴ˴ѽ
ҶɲʲôĻȶֽţǾͲеˡ
Ȼҹڤ΢ЩҵĹ㳡üͷ΢壬ͻȻһӣֻһƿ֮һȫװļʿȻڹ㳡ĳֻһȣϵƣͻȻ
еһ̣˲䱻ȫѹ
Щƻļʿûһ˸档
һٴΰ
ҩǣ̨û˸ġ
̶ֳȵʧأǵܵļˡ
ȥܿɱ֮
¹ٷķ˿Ҳͣ
ڹ㳡ıߵļʿɨŹ㳡֮еЩߣлͼˣоԼ˼ƺЩʯ͸һ㣬ǲҹƻ˵ˡ
Ϊе˶֪Ȼϲɱ¾һƻ˵Ĺ֣ҲǾġ
ȵ㳡ұƽٴαð֮󣬺ҹڤüڵǵڴĿڱ˽֪ģԱ˿Ա֤¹صŴȣǾû˸Ȩı˽ģǱҲûȨŴȵǰʮǵԺľԺԺĵֽڴ㡣ңίǴϤǵԸҲ˽⣬˵ÿһίǸ֮ˣйش˴δȵǾÿһίͬö֮󣬲ŹģԴ˴εǾԹƽ֤ġ
ҹڤⷬҲһһع
ǵˣִȶֽţԻٸ
ҪһЩӹˣΪĵĺ㵤ǿֻҲЩӹ˵а
ԵĴ󣬵Щ߲㣬Ҳô᲻ס


186 ֿ
˶ѾعҹڤȻָߵһˣܵشҶ֪˭ûǡľϯͽġǵҪŪʲôĻҲǲܵɣ
һ仰ù㳡ϵˣ侲
ľĸ֣ڴһִ˵
ľڵĵ֮ϣ˵Ǵ¸ˡ
ǵĵľ񽳣Ҳʮֹġ
ľ񽳵ϯͽ䵱ί˭Ĵ
ľ񽳵ϯͽҹڤ֪Ѿټˣ΢Цĵ˵ͷٴתͷͨ۹˾Į8.9֣λ۹棬9.1֣
Ǵ½˶Ѿ֪ˣ֪۹ˡ
ֻû뵽ģ۹ˣȻҲֵֻһΣǵڶһ˭
һ̣˵У
۹Ҷɫߵ꣬Ҳ΢΢üͷ
ҲףƾǵʵȻûܶõһڶΣҲû뵽顣
ʱֻҹڤٴͨ9.7֣ڶ
֣Ƿǳİڳˣû˵֡
ԣһڳˣѰйˡ
ڶȻһ˵Ķˣһǵõһ9.7߷֣ɱ֮ǰҶգһٷֱѽ
˵൱ľ޴ˡ
ԭһйҶʱ㳡ԵһĮȻ֮꣬ǰҶǳеʱ򣬾ע⵽Ǹ꣬ΪڿǸʱ򣬾͸о˾Բһ򵥵
ΪֻǵǸһۣҶȻëȻĸоѾʶĽ˶Ϊһյ
˴ΣǷֵϹҩʦĴУεĿУҪ꣬õһ治һ׵顣
ǽйֻ꣬ڶжʱһ˿â
ƺԼҲû뵽ĴϣȻܹʤԼʵڴԤϡ
ԣһĮ˿̣ҲǺ֪һ˭
ҹڤ飬һ̣ҲȻЩûֹ˵ۣڴ֮УͻȻͨһҶֻһҩͯȴȱҩģţȫԸҩҩӶƳҩʮίһ֮󣬾ʮֵĳɼΪһֿ˵ĵһ
һͨʱ򣬺ҹڤֳǰδеͣεʾеļ
ҹڤⷬһǹ㳡ǰļαǲߣһ𾪡
ˣ¶ŵ顣
֮ı飬Ϊҹڤ˵֮ˣʵ̫ˡ
Щʯڷڵˣôʱ䣬Ҳûȫ
һʯϵҩģȻһҩͯʮʱ䣬ȫ˳
һֵĿˣжòĽʯϵҩĶ
Ϊʮ֮ҪһʯϵҩģͲһ˿ɵ顣
ģǸݲӶ׼ȷԸ֡
ȻҲųˣҲһǾϣһЩ벻ҩ
ںҹڤȴ˵˽һʯϵҩģȱ˳ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ⻰Ǻҹڤ׿˵ģֻڳˣûһ˻顣
ȴֲòţΪڳˣ֪ҹڤһˡ
ΪҩǵĳԲġ
ԣһʱ䣬һۻȶҶ
˾Ȼʮ֮ڣһʯϵҩģܽǽǽǵ֮Уͺпܻһҩʦ
磬ڴ½󶼹һЩҩʦ
ҲӵЩҩʦΪһԴԴϵṩֵҩ
ǵȼ͵ҩʦκһž޴
һ֮ǰڿʱͺ۵Ҷû뵽ȡõһˣȻһ۵ˡ
ڽеһ˵ʱҲҶһᣬΪҶ֮ǰľٶ벻עⶼѡ
ɷǿҶ֮ǰľٶˣֻ¶ὫϣڿʼʱҲûҶССҩͯ
ڣȴףԭһϻļһ
ԣһ̣Ҷѱ˴˴ŴľС
˼ҲһŹֵĿҶһȻôϲʮĳϣ˯˯һ
ԼĸоûҶˣ۷κεطôĳɫ
½ݷһĲ죬ͺǵһʶҶһ㡣
ôҲû뵽ҩǱѵļһȻı¡
֮ǰŸոһһŵķ˧ӣƵ˳
ôܻõһôܽʯϵҩģ˳
Ҫ֪Щ죬ʾ֭Լҹ룬ſҩģѾļˡ
ڣȻ˽ʯϵҩĶˣҲʵ̫ˡ
ȴһʵ
뵽Լ֮ǰҶ˵ĿҸطȥ
˵˧ڵĸܣ˵ߣʱУҲǴζƿɶζС
ǵûعǲףһҩͽΪܽһʯϵҩȱ
Ҫ֪ҩԼҩƴÿ汾£ûʲôȡɵֶΡ
ȻҲв룬ǲǵĿⲻСй¶˳ǡñҶõˡ
ֿԣ룬Ҳǵ͵Ŀ
ǵĿ⣬ôй¶ҲҶһСа
һʱ䣬ˣҲʹ£ʼ
Ҷ˭Ǵ
㶮ƨţϲ͵µģΪ˭ôɧ𣿡
һű֮ǰ˵ںɽһСϣһ±ҩţŴ֮ϣǰģֶһЩ꣬ɽв˳ɧ갡
Щһҩߣҡͷ̾
ǵʱѾȥӦЩ˵ˡ
˵ĸ̾꣬ȴЩˡ
оһҶ˵ö೤ʱ䣬ͻϸλ
浽Ǹʱ򣬿ɾǽĩˡ
ѾףܹµıҩŴ֮гʵҶһһ̨ҶԽΪһǽҲǲ
ĺ뽫Լĵǣϸ߸ԼĸףȻøҶ
ϧǣƺѾˡ
ڵŴɱˣǽҲû
ɽׯ죬һŵҶʵ벻ͨһׯССôȡŴȵһװ񣬶һõ˺ҹڤĺøС
Ȼɽׯׯ֮£ڣȴԼûʲôǮҶаˡ
Ϊ֪һҶΪ˵ˣ˵ɽׯˣɽׯĿɽҲǺڷ籤ֻҲԲٶҶˡ
뵽ͻȻһĬ֮ͻȻߵһµԸȥɽׯɽ
˵뵽ʲôٴοڵɽʱ˸ׯͳһЩˣ£ȥˡ
鷢չѾȫûׯͷģξܵıסɽׯĻҵ


187 ˯һ
Ҳһ𺳵ĿҶȻоԼƺСҶ
뵽֮ǰҶׯֱ֣ĵףӿʡ
ʵ벻ףҶһôһССׯһԸ䵱һְ
˿Ҷ̵һƵѪ
ҶٵɻСίεġ
׻˵£òͷ
СίΣҶĳܾܾ
ʱվߵһŮҲͬһɵҶ벻ԼʦùעһȻ治һ򵥵ˡ
뵽֮ǰԼСʦܣεĿ𵤵Ŵȣ˵ǳһԽŴϵѡ֣ѹ̧ͷ
ڣСʦܣȴ˵ĵΣڶҲһйļһˡ
Сʦһ㣬ȴɫߵСʦܣѾ˹
һɫߵ߹̴֮˸кһߣСʵʦ㣬ǸҶļһӦøǵСʦЩϵɣܸܲңʲô
һ˵ǸʦŮͿһЦʦܣ֮ǰȥμŴȵʱô˵ģô˱ˣ𣿡
ԣɫʱЩÿʦŽǼ꣬ʦص۹ֻҪŬһ㣬ĳɾͣЩܱȽϵġ
̿һۣȻŴȣһֿˣǻȥ𡣡
һԣɨһ۹㳡ϵĲߣſڵǸǸͲһˣĿˣ΢ˣ̫棬ûҪˣңʦҲȵЩͷˣҲӦö·ˡ
һߵļһҲ֪ղ˭ڴ󴵷ݣûѹסˣѹסˣҪʦţ˻ôЦǡ
Ǹʦ㣬ƲƲС죬ûĸ̣꣬һεҵĺʦãʦΪ㣬ѾߵĵطˣҲӦø˰ɡ
˵Ůֻͷ˹㳡ϵҶһ۵ׯԺչˣس˴ӣǰΪׯѾһλᣬʦ˵ˣΣҲˡ
ʦ㣬ʦҪҵĶӦûûҵɣҪȻʦ飬һʱգ˵ʱȴһŶԷ
Ǹʦȴ΢΢һЦʦҪҵĶѾ˵üĿ֮Ը뿪ϵǸҶ˰ɣʵʦ˵һ仰ûǸˣϵˣȥ˵۹Сʦ͸ʲôˣԣЩ飬㻹ѡǰɡ
ʦ֪ʱ̷һУԺУȫûаôġ
Щ飬ϡ
򣬺ֺѡ
ðɣ߰ɡͻȻͨʲôվ˹㳡ϵҶһ֮󣬱תȥˡ
ʦ㣬̵ıӰҲǸп뵱ֺβˡ
Щ飬һҪġ
СʦõʣҪ̫࣬ҪȻʦҲΪСʦãȺˡ
ԼСʦԺȡõĳɾͣҲ߳ɣ
һᣬҲͷ˹㳡ϵҶһۣŴ뿪
ֳɽ˺Զ˵뿪ȴûһ˲
ʱҶĸۣҲƽϢ
ȻЩ˶ΪҶǵõ˵֮ǰй¶⣬ֻȴû˸ʱ˵
ûоԵ֤ݣŴȺֿ̣ûпԳܵġ
Ŵȣֿˡ
Ҷûб£ôڽֿ֮УһԳԭΡ
ǵĿˣΪҩݡ
ҩݣʮÿҩݣΪһ塣
Щҩݣ˵һЩܣֶͨδȥα
̤ҩݵˣǧٹֵ顣
ûı£ҪͨЩҩݣǸܵ顣
ҩݣûʵ˲ͻ
ʱ̨ϣֻͨһֿ˵ĲߣˣѾ˳̨


188 ٶ
ҹڤʾμӵڶֿ˵ĲǰʽڶֿˣλݵһҩģóΪҩҺȻǵڶ˵ѶȣһֿˣֻǸλҩҺĹЧƷ֣Ҳ˵õҩҺȱݣֻҪֵͿԵõ߷֣ڶֿˣʱ죬ڿˣʽʼ
Ҷòַ̾ȷʵ
ҲѹֵԳΪΨһǼӶ۰
һ㣬ֻŴ֮УͿԿ
ڶֿ˵Ŀһ
һ˵ֳûһóһҩҺƾ赤ʵҲȱݵҩҺơ
ϣߣҪõһֱȽϸҩҺһ׵顣
ɵֻͨŴȣп̵ܴһЩ湦ЧҩҺ
ԣò˵ִٰȣһ˫Ӯ¡
ȵ֮ǰһƪҶҩģʵķʽŵҶʱҶЦҡҡͷ
¿ˣһҩģھԼҲ֪ЩҩģóʲôҩҺ
෴ЩҩƵҩԣޱȡ
ɵˣȴֳ֪μӿ˵ˣƳҩˣֻ²ᳬ֮
ҲԲŻҪҩҺ
Ҷ˵ȴеѡ
Ͼҩģʵ̫ˣðȻЩҩںһ𣬻֪óʲôҩҺ
һΣҶûȥ˷ʱ䣬ҩҺһЩ˵Уһǳ׵顣
Ҷҩ̫࣬⵹ЩΪˡ
ҩҺʱÿһϸڣ൱ҪΪԼĴ⣬ʹóҩҺʹãǴںܴı׶ˣԼĵ÷֣϶Ҳ̫ߡ
ҶμŴȣΪԲ׷κһֻᡣ
˿ԼǰڷŵļʮҩģҶѾȻˣô泡ġ
һ£ҪôҩģóһҩҺǲ顣
ˣҪֿʤ͵辶ʤ
ȻҩҺǾֱƵҩˡ
ûл£ֱƵҩ־ٶףһˣͲš
Ҷ˵ȴʲô
ΪõĴ֮Уһˮ֮
νˮˮΪҩߵֶΣں϶һⵤҩ
ˮķţ½˵ǼˣҲû˵
ΨһҪ飬õˣϿԼΪ
ղźҹڤҲ˵ڶֿˣǽԼҩģҩҺ
νҩҺȴǰ㣬̬죬̬̬Һ״ģв١
©꣬Ҷ־ٶӦܹϿɵġ
ʱ㳡֮ϣ˵̫ˣڹעҶ
ԣҶеҩȫһʱ˵֮
Ҷڵһֿ˵ʱ򣬱ֵķǳĿһʯϵҩģ˵ֳˣֶּɵ
ڿҶڵڶ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼֱ׼˶ҩõҩǾҶʵ̫ˡ
һЩǳҶˣҲǰҡҡͷҶΪʵ̫ðˡ
뻩ȡ裬Ҳ
ÿһҩģŷǳҩԣҩ£˵ںϣܱ˴ںϵġ
һҩʦҲͬʱںôҩģһɹóҩҺɡ
ҶСһҲʵ̫ˡ
ֻ뺮ҹڤҶʱвͬ໥һۣſڵСӵΪȻ⣬Ӧòһ֮
֣Сӿʦܹģ͹ȥȰ˵һ°ɣȻҪеҩĶںһҲ̫̫˰ɡߵļίҶǿãɲϣҶڶֵĿС
ڿ˵ϣܹ棬ҶֻȡΪúѡҩԱȽº͵ҩģóһʵҩҺ
ҡͷЦСӿǵ˼ˣΪǽҩȫø֮ȫƳҩҺǴˡȻʦģȴ治֪ʦܵˣҲȰ˵˵ˣҿСҲǸɵӣҪûеգӦòԻǰ̵顣
һίĻȴһа֮ԲȥȰ˵ǲǲ㣬ֻǲйʦɡ
ϾҶľ񽳽ģҪҶ־ٶľ񽳵ָʾٽļӣҲǲҲа
Ҷڵ־ٶȻ˶ڹע
Ȼд󲿷֣Ѿ֮һʯϵҩģǲΪ֮ǰ֪˴𰸡
ҪôһЩҩʶȻҪȥһЩҩʦҲ顣
иˣ֪һҩˣƾʲôһֿеҩġ
Կ϶ǣһҶһֵĿʧһֿȡõĳɾͣͽΪѵƾ֤
ҶҲܿڴ˴εĴٲ
ҶȻѡַʽȻ
㳡ϵˣҶ㽫ҩֱ׵һ¯ʱ򣬶ǵɴӡ
һǸ
ҩ֭ڽ⣬ֱҩҺ
ҩߵ֮У˵ˣҲû˵
ҩҩҺһǳϽĹҲһزٵĹ̡
һ㶼ڽҩ֭֮󣬲ŸһЩǳϸĲ裬һЩصַһĽںϡ
Щϸ񻮷ֳĲ裬ֵݡ
һںϲ裬ϸ׼ֻ꣬ҪŪһ㣬ͿںʧܣóһȫûõҩҺ
Ҷһֿ˱쳣Ŀȱһʯϵҩģֻڹ㳡һڹߣǳƻķ׷ˡ


189 ̫
СӡҹڤҡҡͷͻȻɨһۣſЦ֣ҪǺϽģĻὫֱ̫Ŵȵˡ
⻰Ȼ˵úڳˣȴˡ
˵ҹڤҲΪڲڽҩ֭£ͽҩҺںϣһ顣
֣СҪǶʦͷҡײƭģ˵˵ģҵЩʦܣҲСӺÿġһЦŹ㳡еҶƺҲ֪Ҷмֱ¡
˿̣ڳļλҩʦҲұ֤ڲڽҩ֭£ƳҩҺ
ԣֳˣ϶ҶֻҪˡ
Ҷҩģȫ͵ǰ֮
Щί̫ˡΪһҩĵİɭʢװҩĵľУҶǰ֮󣬾ҡͷ̾ϢһȫǷ߷߲ƽ
УʵȴںݺݵıҶ
Ѿģ֮ǰһ˵ʱӦúˬɣ
Ӧɵ˰ɡ
˭㵱ôҩģ¿ôںǵҩԣҩҺ
һСҩͯߺ֣Ȼڵһֿ˵ʱôţǲ֪ߵغ
ɭѾ׼ˣǰһҩҺʧܵʱԼͺúý̳Цָһ
ǵһᣬɭͷе㲻ԡ
ɭһҩ֮ԭվϰ죬ȴûҶκζʱЩɻĳҶĹ̨Ͽһۡ
Ȼһۣȴðɭֱ
ҵ׵ڸʲôͣɭ̧Ҷ̨ʱȴǿҶһ֧͸Թܣںҡš
ԹװŵһЩŨĺɫҺ壬ӦһҩĵҺ
һĻڰɭУʱλϵļʹɵۡ
һֺɫҩģһֱ޵ڵڵҺǳĿ벻ȶκһ𵴶ҵıը
ֱըɱΪ£
ԶԶԽʦƻΣնǿ
һһԵѡ
ʱ򣬱˵ʹˣҶΪģԲʮ׵ĵطֻ¶ᱻըΪһƬ档
֪˳ñڵźЩȥˣڵҺȻһ޽⡣
ǵڣйرڵҺѾΪҩʷϵһɡ
κһԶҩҩͽ֪޵ڵźִܶǾԲܽ⡣
ΪһҺֻҪ;Գƫע͵һ硭
һ뵽ԼΪ֮еĶǣɭĻ˵ȥҶռʲôҩֱ֪Ӿһռ˹ȥ
ռйصĹֶΣÿһʩչʩչߴ˾޴ģռһ˲ͳ˰ɭʮ֮ŵ
һ˵ֱҪ
һߣ˲ʮ֮ŵ֮ûʮµʱ䣬޷ָ
ôҲȶСǿ
˾޴֮ռƵҲԶԶ˰ɭ
ǿռҶһ˲䣬տĹ̨ϣһѣĿĹâţһõĹ⻷ҶһƣҶˣʹһ־Եľֹ״̬֮С
óּʱҪȻɾˡɭµĨһѶͷϵ亹ղҶ־ٶʵ̫Ҫ׵ˡ
ҪԼղгɣֻ˶Ѿըˡ
쵰ǲ֪޵ڵȻҲڽ⣬ԼǲҪв
Ҷųһ亹İɭȫûҶռƵ˼
ʵϣƾɭʵղǸռȫǿԿƵģֻҪһԹ棬ͿԽԹҺȫӡýҶ˶ӡ
ûɭǹġ
쵰̫֪ߵغˣһͷС
ҪȻΪһҩͽĿˡ
Ҳ룬ҪΪľ񽳵ĹϵƾһɱҩͽҲػݣտİΣ
Ҫľˣ汬ڵ缸ͽ׳ˣ
Ѿˣ
ʩչռƵʱ򣬰ɭѾˣ쵰ú侲һ£ڶһ˵
ԺίϯϵȫһͷƸڵҺΣԡ
ڱڵɱҶ֪ԼôȫΪȫ롭
ɭԽԽԼɣʮֵվסţԽԽκˣҪָԼûз־ڱӡҶһ˲䣬Էֻᶶһ壬áꡱһ𡭡
ҿôܡɭ鶼Ҫ͹ˣԼһС
⡭ôܣ
һССʿôһ˲䣬Ŀռƣ
˵һССʿʦҲܰ
ռƣʮ֮ŵֶֹΣȻǷӡΪɱǺôҲһλʦ˾ųʩչһӡ
ֻѪ֮һƣλʦ
Сӵһģ
ԣ쵰һʲôܣ
С֮ǰȻ׷ɱĺǣҩ֮󣬺ôҲǵõľ񽳵Ŀء
ľΪĵһʦϲ֪ŶٱȻ˿Сӣôܲһ㱦
ţһ
ղƵռƵģ϶ľ͸СӵķԱ
ҪƾСʿʵôڵסһλʦķӡֶΣ
̫ʧˡ
ǧ㣬ȴû㵽СϾȻľıﻤ
ûȰɭ꣬ͻȻߴһƿ֮
ţɭֻС֮һʹ˾ͺһֻϺһ㣬׷˳
ֱײԶʯڣɭص䵽ϡ
һֱʱ򣬰ɭ֪ԼղűϮˣ뵽ղһƿ֮ķߣɭһ·ӦǱҶ͵Ϯˣ
ⷴðɭиԺˣ굽
ԼôܱһССʿ͵Ϯ
ɭã᲻Լղŵľٶʲôأűִߵˣ⵽ЩִߵĽ
ȻĻôԼһʿɵ飬ѵҪԼţһʦᱻһʿɣ
ҪĽͣܿˡ
ɭûüվһƿ֮𣬽ţԼβǱһţٴƲһ
⵽Ǳһʿ͵Ϯ˰ɡ
ɭٴ׷ɵĹУе㷴Ӧ˹
Լһλʦ֮ᱻһʿ͵ϮɹǾֻһԭ
òԼɡ
ԼɭһЩˡ


190 
½ŵĳλʦҲܱһʿ͵Ϯɹһʿĳַʽ塣
ΨһĽ;ǣղŵЩͲǳҶ֣֮Ҷϵĳ
òľ͸Ļ֮ɡ
ģ쵰һССʿȴӵľ͸һһһ
һʱ֮䣬ɭĶˡ
˵Ҫ˵ľ񽳵ıﻤӺö˶˵ģô㡣
ɭһٸ벻ͨ쵰ʲôطõľ񽳵ĿأȻľ屦
ֻһʿȴľ񽳵ıǿԽһλʦŰû˵⵽׻û
ľ񽳵׸ٱ
һľ񰡣Ҷֵ˰ɭһۣ˵ˣղŶֻ֣һֱܵķӦϣ㲻Ҫ֡
ܷӦʲô˼ɭðϴźš
ҶȻûҪ͵˼
ʵϣҪҶͻȻǵŴȣɭֵʱ򣬾Ѿһʬˡ
ЩԴ׷ɱѾγһֱܵľԡ
ɭðȻֵ֣˺á
ǰɭֵһ˲䣬ҶѾɽĻȥɭƵһ˲䣬Ѱ۳ڽâ˲䶴ɭš
ͺҶ˵ղŶ԰ɭֻһֱܷӦ
ֵͬʱҶͻȻʶʲôطɢѾĽâһ൱͵ɭˡ
ƾҶڵʵǶһȫʢ״̬֮µĳλʦҲɱ
񰬸ɭ֮ǰûҶʩչռ֮˾ųĳλʦҪһɱҶ˵ʲô¡
һ¡⼸һʽʱͰɭѾٹˡ
һľ񽳳ʿɲλʦܾܾġ
ǣɭ÷Ϊʦϣʲô
տһ¹¯Ҫ¶̫ˡҶһڹǰæµţһָָԱߵһŵ¯
ɭ˵ͷӹ¯ţɿ¶ȣɭŵغ֮һɴǿҴ̱ζĶȴͻȻ
ɭűӣüͷתҶϿȥȴɫ䡣
ΪɭҶղžȻһݣֱӶ˱ڵҺ֮С
ˡɭа̾һ䣬ûͷ
뱬޵ڵ塣
һ𣬾һѵĻҩ棬һССĻ棬˲ͻҵıը
ˣ汻СӸˡ
ۿŻ˱ڵ֭֮УһֳȵʱԹɢ˳
ɭѾԤеıըǺεȵĿ
ʱİɭ˵ĳ嶯ûˣ뱬ڵҺ֮󣬾Ѿʧء
һ񱩵Թۣȵ𣬴ҺԹ淢ŷ츲صı仯Թֲֿɭ۾
û뵽ֻǵʹҲܽС̫ꡭɭô˫ۣĽ٣һұըĵ
ǣҵ֮µİɭ˺ܾãҲûԤ֮еıը֮
ڰɭȵЩ͵ʱһͻȻ𣺡¶ȣغûУ
¶ȣѾԼ̵İɭΪԼ˻þһ룬԰ǻþҲԼ¯°
뵽ɭæ˫ۡ
ţɭͿǸӦǿը֮·ǵļһʱȻµվҩҺ
õģһðɭľҩҺ
ֻһΣɭѾûȥˡ
ӶʮΪʲô
Ϊʲô޵ڵѾʧص£ôûбը
Ϊʲô޵ڵݿ໥ںϣ
ɭͻȻԼӣе㲻ˡ
뱬޵ڵͺˮһġ
ڣĶȴںһ飬ɭеֱܲܰڵ߸½ҩʶ
ҶûȥܰɭЩʲôӹǼѾйڽҩģڹ̨һſ֮ȵעһ͸ƿ֮С
̣İɭ⡣
һ֮ҶڽҩģҲһһȡ˳ʼһҩķű࣬ȻʼһЩҩĥɷĩͬʱһЩҩĵҩ֭С
֪˶ãͨҶںϵҺ֭ʼɢ͵Ĺâ
ȵâɢʱһֻװˮƿһƬʵ֮¶ݡ
ҵ⡭òɹ˰ɣɭ̧ͷһƿĶ֮;ͳŴˣ˫֮˴ͣ˶ɵˡ
ٴοҶʱ򣬼ֱͺڿʲôһ㣡
ҪҶóҩҺǾҩ漣
ܹ£ܳɹƳҩҺĴڣζʲôû˱Ȱɭˡ
ζţԼ֪СӣضԳΪһҩʦпܳΪһˮ׼ܸߵҩʦ
ЦĿˡ
ΪߵİɭȻ֪ҩҪĴʱ뾫ģͬʱ츳УҲžԵ塣
ÿһҩʦĳ֣ڴһ춯صĴ¡
ΪֹҩʦҲʮϡ
Ѿһˣûôʱѻľ֪ʶ̤ҩʦĵá
ǰСӣ񻹲ʮֱ꣬˷ָ
һҩʦóҩҺôͣԺ󼸺עΪһƷҩʦҩʦ
ԼղţȻ㽫һδҩʦӡˡ
һ뵽ɭͷϵ亹䲻סµ
һδҩʦɲһЦ¡
Ҫһ㣬óϿҵ̬ȡǰԭ£
ȻһʦԵúû𣬲ڽύһδҩʦƨ
ɻûȰɭνύҶҶҩȴѾˡ
˵ģֱӶûڴҩ֭ҩĽںϣҶǵһγԡ
һҪôҩĵҩԣҶ˵е鷳
ǿ󣬼䳬ȫȻ£ȻóҩҺ
ȻҩҺٶЩҲֻ֮ǰҩĶԣĲߣҶٶȣǷǳѸˡ
˰ٷ֮ʮʱѾ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ٶϣͱȱ˿һ
һﻹˡҹڤһ𾪵ҶڷڹϵҩҺԸ̾СӲǺϰİɡ
⻰̨ϵһίĿٴҶĹϡ
ȵǿһҩԹܵʱѾ˺ҹڤ֮е˼


191 ҩƮ
ҶȻڲڽҩ֭£óҩҺ
Ѿǳҩֶˡ
ǣΪһҩʦҲ첻һ㡣
Сһֱ֣ǳ˵Ԥϡ
˵ǰûţǽ죬ǰһ
ҩҺó֮ҶҲǰ˿
֪Լܣˡ
Ҫִ֪ȣ΢¶ǿǷǵ顣
ڸҩҺѾ˳ֻҪٽһУͿԴ󹦸ˡ
˿̣һЩҩҺҩߣѾֹͣϹ
ΪҩޣֻϳȽͨҩҺ
Щ˵ҩҺеʱٶȻ˲١
֮㳡֮ϣֻ˻Ŭš
ļ֮ҩõӺգҲͷϵĹ
ֳڽϹģֻˡ
˿̣еĿ⣬Ҷ빬ϡ
Ϊˣв֮УҩˣҲϳҩҺڽй
;УҩҺʱϣϳֹâ
Ҷ֪õµı֣ͬʱҲΪ˶ҩģɹϳҩҺе𾪡
ǹÿںһҩҺԹ֮Уһİâֳùһصɫʡ
üһѾҩʦżһһ֮䣬ǿ¶̣ʱգӱȻ׳Ϊһҩʦ
ڹҩֶΣҹڤˣǱԹ֮һưâ𾪣˵ڳˣܲµԺ󣬾ԽΪΪĵ
һҩʦżĴڣȥʲôطǻܵ׷ġ
ʱһɵ㣬ͻȻ㳡
ڳˣһһ˹ڵĵطΪһɵ㣬ǴԹ֮Ʈݳġ
ҩҺƮ㣬ֶһ˵Ǵ˵е飬Ȼġ
ȻڵһֵĿУûҶֵۣĹȴ˴󲿷˵Ŀ⡣
ҶȴǵȻһЦҩҺƮ㣬ֻǳҩʦżҪҩ㡱һ̤ҩʦС
ԣڹҶҲֻҡҡͷԼϵҩҺ
ֻ֪ҩˣҩĹУǲƮġ
νҩƮ㣬˵㣬
ֻҪҩ֮󣬾ͻ᳹ɢܳñ档
ֻҩ֮󣬲ķš
ԣһſҩƮˣҶȴû̫⡣
Ȼֻꡱһ죬ҩ֮еԹƲסͻȻ˿
ʧԹܣһεŴȣͻƿֱҩʦ֪֮ʧˡ
Թһѣʧ˵עҲתƵҶϡ
ڳ˶ҶʱҶһҩڽϣһףҩҺ׼ȷޱȵϵƿ֮С
һҩҺ˲䣬ڶֿˣǳ׽ˡ
ڶֿȻѾˣƺֻаٷ֮ʮˣɹϳҩҺ
һܲμӵֿ˵ˣֻûжˡ
ȻҶ빬ĳɫ֣ڶֿ֮УһڶѡԶ׼֮С
һΣеˣǰ
ĽЩ˲²⵽ˣȴЩˣûܲ⵽
ϾҶ֮ǰı֣ʵ̫ˡ
ҲһҶμŴȵʱ򣬾϶ŴȵװǷĪġ
ɵһֿ˵ʧ˵Լ£ôڶֵĿˣΪԼˣһǿĶ֡
ȻҲɹϳһַǳҩҺȴ֪ڶֵĿˣͬҶ
ΪϵҩҺжôɱϾҩĵҶ
ҩҺϣҶһ
ڿҶҲͬϳҩҺ֪֮ڶֵĿˣѾˡ
˿̣вߵҩҺѾȥ
Ҷ빬ҩҺֱ뺮ҹڤϡ
ҹڤйҩҺҲ𾪵ӾȻʮҩģϳһּͽ׵ҩҩҺǵڶ೤ϣҲδܴﵽ
ţӵʣҲǲˣҩҺûоĴ٣һЩʣҩҺǵһ֮󣬲˷ʳ
˵ȴǴҶĴȴǰδе̾˿ֱʮҩҩҺ飬˻ǵһμϵҩҺȱҩҺ޵ˣҲҲë
Сӻмֱ£Ȼּ˵£ƳҩҺĿ˿еСƿҲ״¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҡͷ̾ϲǴ̩ɽ˼ǲһ㣬ûпĻСһӦǼ̳˺²


192 
һԱߣȴε˵ЦˣʵСӸʦȫûаϵҲ֪ʦԸû£˼Ҷϲһ¡˵Сӣֻʦڶѡ֮һ֮ǰʦ˼ңûСʲôر֮μŴȣҲȫֻһʱˡ
û뵽ǣһ󣬲ûа˼Ĺʩϵһ磬ȴʹǵõһһ˲ţģִܡ
˵̧꣬ͷҹڤˣҾúϵÿһ磬Ӧ⣬ԺǶԺϵĶ磬ô⣬Ϊ˼ͯδȻ󾭹£ҸоǰӦˡǵ̬ȣҲӦøıһ£ԺۺŪʲôĶ磬ǶӦԴУǿԵõ벻ջҲһ˵أ
飬Բɡҹڤ˵ͷʱҲǰǲǴʲô
ʱҩǵһϣȴͻȻվߵҹڤߣȻˣҶСǰûҩǳֹҲδ˵ˣͺƾðһһֳôĶ᲻ļϸ
˵ǼϸϽ˵꣬һ׳յŶԷҪ㣬Ὣɵȥ䵱ϸɳǴ䵱ϸҵԸܶ
˵ϷͻִϵСһҩýҩ߽˵ʱҾȥˣӦҲнˡ
˵ͻȻһ·Ըһ䣬ͼԾȺ֮У֮󣬾ͲӰ
˴ʮӵӣͼǸ½һйҶݵĵ鱨棬ݵǰ
ӹǷݵ鱨濴һ£ȴͻȻɫһ䣬϶ʱĿϲ
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Ȼȱ˷ʣѾһĽ˵ղŴϢɽСǸ±ϷѾҩǣҾǰ
ϣʲôӣ˵˵˭ԤϵģһֱٿڵģһΣȴǵһ̲סѯ
ļҶһֵֻűӣЦʵʦһѣҲһֱоⷽ飬ǵ˼βʱ򣬵ȴһؼĵϣԣٺ٣ǸҶӦҵĿĲǰ
ϵ֮УҩʦҲоһȫµıҩڳĺҹڤˣȷʵǱϢˡ
뵽һȫµıҩҪľʱ䣬Ҫм⡣
ôҲû뵽ӵ֮УȻʵ̫ˡ
˿̣Ҳ֪ҪǸ±ҩ֮˵Ŀģ޷Ҫ˼ָһ¡
뵽ȴһЦָŹ㳡֮еҶ˵Ǹ±ҩˣǸСһ֪ǻ᲻š˵ģȴʵСһԺɽׯַСŪġ
⡭һ⻰ȴʮ롣
忴һ͵ˣҲһЦֺγ֪еζ
ŵˣҲӦиȰ
վģȻ˵ÿһǾž֮ڴ֮УҲһˡ
ҲҶˡ
ǰĬĬţ磬ǳ͵ô˸ߵǰμŴȣҹڤΪһ֮һ͵һ˶ǳע⡣
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һʮֵ͵ˣͻȻߵ£ǾһҪԭ
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СӺǵһЩȽǿЩ׷ɱСӣμŴȣӦΪ˶Щ˵׷ɱɡò˵Сӻе㱾£Щ׷ɱ£ȻܰȻܵҩμŴȣҲΪֹˡڴʲôˣʲôȻҩǣΪǵˣǾ˭Ҳٶˡ˵⻰ʱޱȡ
֮УͿ˭ڴҶ鷳ǾԽܵƲá


193 ʮ
˵޵ɨ֮ǰǸڵĳһۣŶȻֵȼһ¸λƳҩҺȻ󾡿ųΣٽеֿˡ
ҹڤȻҲ޳飬йҶ빬ҩҺ֮󣬲վųеˣ˴εŴȣ˵Ŵ֮УΪʵһΡӿֳһܳӢţУǳҶ빬ٮٮߣشҶѾˣҶǹڵڶֵĿУΪɫȻУȴҶʤһΪȱƳҩҺҩҺһЩȽ޵ȱݣҲһĸˡԣҶƵһҩҺȫԷõģõҩҺκ⣬Ǿ뼸λԸ֤ҩҺЧ
ҹڤһ䣬ʱԸ߳
Цڴͽ׵ҩҺǷǳԵõģһʮҩƵҩҺǰûԸ
ʼޣգѡһߣҶҩҺ
Լһʱ
ȵʳҩҺļߣмС죬ҩҺҩЧȫ֮󣬾˹
ֻǶ̶һʱʳҩҺļߣϵľҲı仯
ˣԾ
վչһ֫ƺеȫò
һĻɵӣҲܿҶҩҺ֮
ãĺܺãҴûоԼˬһߣ˫ۣ߽ͬһ㣬˵Լܡ
ҹڤĵ˵ͷߵһߣ΢ЦĿڵղҲҩҺҲ˵һĸܰɣҪ֣ٷ֡
ʮ֣ɻʮ֡ߣ붼û룬ѿڶ˻ǵһμʶôҩҺֻ˰ٷ֮ʮҩЧ͸оԼԪ֮ƺɡţһ꣬ҾһɹΪһӵʿҩҺֻ֣ܵʲôҩҺܵ֡
ʵ˵ڳˣҲ⼸һ˷ܵı顣
Щ֮ı飬˵ÿһˣҩҺ֮Уõ벻ĺô
һʮҩƳҩҺȻͬʱҩãһŷǷһĹЧһǳܵ顣
Ȼڻ֪ҩҺĵȼӦòͣҪȻҲЧˡ
ҾҩҺֵߣֻҩֶΣκҩߣżΪοֵ
ΪҶҩֶΣڵ½û˵
ҹڤü֮ȥٴվŹ㳡ˣڵŴҲӦÿҩҺ֮ˣȷʵ覵ģڣҾ˵Ĳߡǰֿ֮УҶ֮ͨǳΪһֿ˵ˡ
һ䣬ֳʱ
Ѿ֧Ҷķ˿ǲһеĺȲ
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һȵ˵ƽһ֮󣬺ҹڤٴֿ˵ĵڶˣȻһڶ֣ûõһĳɾͣشҲǵڶֿ˵ˡ
Զ֧㡭
͡
Ұ㣬һ׷󡭡
ҶȻڵһֵĿУѹ˹һȻûд򵽹档
෴Ȼķ˿Ǽǵż񣬲Ҷ
ңţڵֵĿУĿеżһԽҶȥ
ȻУҶЩ˿Ҳǳصġ
ΪҶķ˿ռžԵƣ˫˿ǹսʱ򣬻Ҷķ˿ռžԵϷ硣
ŴȣѾٰ֪˶٣˫ľ棬ȴǴδйġ
ΪŴ֮ϣûгֹҶ빬
ϾֻһԴǳƶĹȡ
ԣȻҲвţҲޡ
ǰŴȵĲߣͨƽ˷۵ˡ
ڣҶ빬ĳ棬ʵ̫ˡ
˿̣ѾҶ빬ˡ
Ϊֳˣ֪ˣǵԺķ
˽ãֺγԼɲڴˡ
ҶУҲǰ˿
֪ԼѾɹһ롣
ֻҪڵֵĿ֮УٴһѣԼԺȥұڷ籤Լ̳ＸȦҲٶɱˡ
ڣҶҪģһչʱ䡣
ţֻҪٸ£ڵʱ䣬㹻İգͻʦ֮
ҶԼһͻʦ֮Ժʧȥ˵ɽҲԴڵұڷ籤뽭֮䡣
ȻлᣬһУǾԻʮĳȥġ
ҹڤʱֿͨ˵ˣһƷҩʦգĸ˵ˣԨӣ
źҹڤͨμӵֿ˵ĲߣҲһһվ˳
ûе㵽ˣֻȻ볡ˡ
ܽ뵽ڶֿˣ˳ˣǱ֮һֿ˾˳ˣҪ˵Ķࡣ
Ϊһֱ̭ˣҲѾǵˡ
Ϊˣɲֻǵλ˽Ȼͬı仯ԺԴҲõĸơ
ߣʲôҪ
ȻԴûԴ츳ٺãǱȡʲôĳɾͣ
ϣһЩӵܣһǱи߲ʵ
ûˣֻΪЩһЩҪ񲻵Դˡ
˿̣ܼ뵤ˣһֱ̭ˣҲһĴ⡣
ΪֵķҶ빬ǵõ˵Ĺע
ҶǹûвμŴ֮ǰǴĬĬŵС
˵ϲʿûŹҩǵһЩҩߣҲͬû˵ˡ
ͨ˴εŴȣˣһ˳
ִ֮˸Ƿֱռݴȵһڶλá
ʱΪ˵Ľ㣬ܡ
Ȼ˵ĳйǵ¼Ҳܿ䵽һЩʿĶС
ĸѾ߾һڵҶ빬顣
ֿˣ̨֮ϣֻʮˡ


194 ҩ
ȵһڲμӿ˵ˣ׼׵֮󣬺ҹڤſڵ˴εŴȣѾǰʮǰֵĿˣһ˿ߣ벻ı¡ϣڵֵĿ֮УͬǴ۽磬ֿˣǽҩݡҪ֪ңҩΪ֮ǲ⿪ŵġ˴ΣǵĵΪ˼һڲʵҩһΣϣμӵֵĿߣڲμӿ˵ͬʱҲеãϾҩݲǷҩ٣ֻܿǸԵıˡ
ҩݡһǲߣǳйߣһľȡ
֪Ȼҩƽʱ򣬾һۣҲǲܵ顣
ڣΪ˴˴εŴȣȻĽ˳
Ϊ˴˴εŴȣ˴Ǯ
ΪֻһЩ߲ʿ֪ÿһҩݣҪļ
ģǶԵ˵ҲһСĿ
ҶȻ֮ǰҲ˵ҩݴȴûмҩݵʵ塣
Դ˿̣⴫˵е
֪ڿɲǺʱΨнݺ棬ѹ
ţȻڳкܶˣ˵ҩݣҩݵˣҲûмҩݹЧģ˵еļҩʦֻû֪ǲõģ¿ʼȵʱ򣬱˻һһǽ˵ģڣּ룬ҩɡ˵ҹڤһۡ
Ҷ峯ҹڤԵ˵ͷͼͬʱӻȡһˮƣȻһһңͬʱеˮڸ̨֮С
ˮ밼ϵһ˲䣬̨֮ϣͻȻһɫĹ֡
ֲŸոһ̨֣Ϳʼ¡¡
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һĻҶʱ˹ԭ̨ûƵġ
ͻȻðĶҲһֱ̨֮ϣֻͨأ
ˮƼأʱ͵ҩݡ
ҶҩݣǺġ
֮ǰѾ˵ҩݵ֮Ҳ֪ʲôõˣ˿أҽ֮Ϊ֮
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һߴʮɵĴһ
һ״忴ȥȻеһ鱾
ֻǣһм䣬һ֪ʲôɵӡ
֮ϣӸߵͣʮĸԲ̡
ЩԲ̵ϣӦøǸӵһġ
һʮĸԲ̣ÿԲ̷ֳΪ飬Բ̡
ÿһԲ̣ޱȣŶʮƽ
ʮѡ˵ô޴Բ̣㹻ˡ
ҶϸһԲ̿һᣬҶȻԲ̵ĵײֵ֡
ϸĿȥȴʱһ
ҶȷԼԲʶֵ֣ȴ֪Ϊʲôȥƫƫֵ˼Ǿǡҩͯ
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ӵ͵ߣΪҩͯҩͽҩҩʦҩʦҩʦǡŴȵȼơ
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ԭŴȵȼ
˿Ӧ˭ʵǵԲԽߣõȼԽˡ
ֵĿˣҲֱӡ
ֻǲ֪ЩԲ֮ϣ¡
Ҷ֪ЩԲ̿ż򵥣ʵȥֻ»һ׵顣
ҹڤҩݳ֮󣬲ųеĲߵֵĿˣҩݣʮĸԲ̣ԲΪһ飬߸ϡвֻҪԼʵԲ̼ȿɣһԲ̣ͿԻáҩͯĳƺţڶԲ̣ͿԻáҩͽĳƺţƺţҲƣ֮ʵǵԽߣõԽߣõĽҲԽá
һڿֵĿ˾Ȼ˼򵥣
ֵҩߣһһ˽ܣȻ֪Ŀˣһû濴ȥǰ򵥡
ҶҲǰüͷһҲҴ⡣
شҲӦˣֵĿˣƼ򵥣һҪǣûм͵ʶǿǺܿһԲ̶ȥ
ҹڤ˵ҲȻҩݵĿˣƴ汾£ûκȡɵĿܣֻҪۺʹӲпҩȡ˵ۺʣǿȣ츳ʶΪǣֻҪһأͻᱻҩҩѾˣʱҲѾˣʱԽҩݵʵǣԸһֿУҲǴͬһľϲ
ҶҲѾȫˣҹڤ˵ģһ
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ʵǵʮĸԲ֮ϣʣͿԵõϵҩƺš
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֮УߵˣҲʹﵽ˵߸Բ̣һҩʦĳƺš
һͿԿЩԲ̿ͨÿʵһԲֻ̣¶ҪĴۡ
źҹڤһ仰ʽʼʮҩߣŵһԲ̱ȥ
ҶȻҲһҩߣ̤˵һԲ̡
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оͻıʣҶжʱһæ̧ͷȥȴԼȻѴһƬûб߼ʵĻ֮С
ߣȼյĻ棬ǻһ㣬ϵƶ
ֿµľҶȴüͷ΢壬ûбֵξš
֪ԼһУֻǻþֻҪľˮЩ޶ãȫȻᣬӦòᷢʲô⡣
ǣ̫ˣþȴƻá
ȻҶ֪ԼһƬþ֮Уþ֮еĸоȴʵޱȡ
ֻյĸоʹķƣܿʹﵽҶܳܵļޡ
ƬĺˮϴҶϹ
Ȼ֪ҩݲ򵥣֮ҶԼСҩݡ
ŴﵽһԲ̣Ҫ˺˵ĻþԲ֮У׻ᷢεȿֲ顣
Ļ棬ܿͷյҶϡ
Բ֮Уȴ޷߶壬ֻҧӲš
һһ֮࣬һ߻Ҫо񣬱λѰ뿪ķ
еʹ࣬ﵽ˳ĳ̶ȡ
ҶʶǺεȵļͣӲǱҧӲ
˫ۣʺҽ㿾˫ţҶҧ󣬸Ѿ۵ľ
һλ֮Уȴǻĺô
ͨ𺣵ѼޱȵʶǱĥˡ
ڱѷǳҲٴѹȻˣ̶ȣȴ˴
ֻͨһ𺣵Ҷսɡ
Ҷڻ֮ʮ֮ҵڶԲ̵ķһ׹ڻ֮е
ڻ֮Ҷû˿ԥٶʵǶϣʵ׵ĸ߶֮󣬲ߵĻ𺣣Ҳ֮ˡ


195 
ȻǻþþҲֲ̫˰ɡҶеҲΪһ׹ʧˣվڵһԲڶԲ̽ĵط
֮أӦһȫϸһԼ壬ȴûп˿˵ĺۼ֮ǰһյָо¡
Ȼһ˵ĥѣҶҲоֵ
Ϊĥ֮оԼѧҪ֮ǰιࡣ
֪ѧԽι̣Ժʦ֮ʱȫ°빦ĹЧ
ȻԽȣͻƿҲǷǳкôġ
ϸӦһõĺôҶ߿ȥ
ȴԨӣҩʦգйԼ֮⣬ߣȻûͨһԲ̵ĿˣӶҩֱ׶˳
ҶҲһȻ뵽˵һԲ̣̭ߣʣˣܴﵽڼԲ̣
һ֣Ӳµƴȡ
µ֮УҶΪ֮УҲֻеƫ϶ѡ
һԼĿж治һ׵顣
ģϹ⻷֮ʱͻ׷㡣
һϵĹ⻷˶ȥЩ֮ǰ㼵ޱȵˣԲŹ侮ʯĻᡣ
ҶȻҲܲ뵽һԼڵֿ֮б˺ݺݵĲȥ
ӭģԲͬ밲οĻ
ΪǰֵĿˣֻҪ㰲һйͷɾҶ޴ӱ⡣
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һԲ̣̭ˣȵʣµˣͨ˵һԲ̣ڶԲ̵Ա֮󣬺ҹڤٴվڵû뵽һԲ̵Ļ𾳿飬ȻˣϲǣѾˡҩͯĳƺţҩͯǱҩͯƾȫԳΪҵĺĵӡڣǵǣǽԲ̿ûͨȫԷһר˽ȻǻȡøߵǾٴϳɡҵþǣһԲֻ̣ǶǵʶֻҪʶ㹻ǿҪͨһԲ̣ȫûģҲʲôȫ⡣ǣϵԲ̣ȴŰȫ̫ĲߣЩԲ֮ʧǣеɵˣеķˣˣȴֱ档ڶãϸҪҪٳȥһѡͻӦԼ͵ǰֻҪǩԼ֮ǲܼϾǵҲ޹ʲô˾
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ͨ˵ˣһĸھͷǸܵ顣
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֪ҹڤҲһ֪ԡ
һʹù㳡֮Уʱһ۸߳
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ϾҩݣʮĸԲݣŸոͨһԲ̣ڶԲ̣ûа֮ͨǰĿ˳ɼεġ
֪ҩߣ޲ʶǿ֮
ΪҩߣʶҪһǿ̫ˡ
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һ۵˳ԽԽ
˹ȻҶǰֵĿ˳ɼ
֮ǰͻô׵ľڵһֺ͵ڶֵĿõõһһ͵˿˵⣬֮ôɵĹأһ˱ס
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ǰ֪⣬Ҿ㲻һҩ֪ʶǰֶҲǴпܵġ
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ų˶Ҷ뻳ɣʱѾ˵ڶԲ̣˵Բ̣ҲĹѾõˡҩͽĳƺš
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196 ٳ
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ӶԼֳ⣬ҶҲǳ΢Цĵ˵ͷȻŵԲ̣Щ


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˵ҹڤȴһĿġ
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쳯Щ壬Ҳֻǵ;˵ѣǲģ˵ˣҪЩˣǻǽĶڴ˴εŴ֮ϰɣ˻һһίֹۣͣٹעʲô֮¡


199 Ű
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ȴѾ˵߸Բ̣˵ڰ˸Բ֮С
ڹʵھŵԲ֮С
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ᣬڵõһҩʦĳƺţȥ˵۹ҲӦÿԳΪһЩɵĺĵӰɡ
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ҶͬʱھŸԲ̵ԱߣȻֱ
պɻʱȴͻȻҶǰЦûʧҲߵˣڵھŸԲ֮£һὫ㳹׵Ĳڽŵ¡
ҶЩɻӣȻָŵھŸԲ̵㿴Ǹ̨ûУ֪ΪʲôûͨŸԲôΪھŸԲ̣Щ̨֮жٲοͨھŸԲ̵ˣֻһҲֻֻһһˣ̨Ψһʤߡ
˵ͻȻյϼһ֮ٺúʰҶǸСӡ
û뵽ȻţȻԼ
СһŭȣֱԾ̨֮ϡ
϶²Ż֪ʲôĿͬվ̨֮ϵĹɨһۣǲм֮⡣
շ޻Ȼһҩߣ֮ȴ辶ֻһ䣬ϼ˲䱻һڹ֡
ȵڹɢȥʱˣѾ˷츲ı仯
˫֮ϣѾһϸܵۼףͷ֮ϣðһĶǡ
һ˫ͬʯһľ޽ţֻڵ΢ƶһ£ʱ̨ɴ˿ɼһ˫޽ţ̲źεȵľ
յҫ£ˣһҫ۵ĺɫâ
ҿ޻㳡֮ϿһĻˣһľ
ڳ֮ˣȻˣ˵塰շžգˣȴûм
շʵһЩ츳ǿߣһЩķ֮ÿһˣԸԼ츳һִõķţܳơշ
˵ֶصʽ£ͻ޺һ˼ޣ޼ˣ˻ޣ޺ˡ
񿴵״޻Ȼ˲ˡ
֮󣬾ǸӷļС
û뵽վȻһˣ̨֮ϣһίյıǰһǾ
ȴҡҡͷڵѪ̶ֳȵ޻Ҳ൱һλʿʵ벽ʦսûС
Ϊľ񽳵ϯͽȻںǰѾһ벽ˡ
ڴô꣬Ѿܶûжˡ
ֻΪڴʸֵˣʵ̫ˡ
յֱ֮Żôһ̾
ȻȥԼʦ֣ǿ϶Ǳذɵġ
ΪÿԼʦľ񽳽֣ǲսȫŰ
йξǴҲٴԼʦˡ
Ǻڴһƾеǿߣܹúýһ¡
ܹͬս֮УͻһƿҲһˡ
ǰշ֮е޻𣿡˼ԱߵһŮһ˷ܵû뵽Ȼܿ˾ʵս˵ʵӦòɡ
˼鿴̨ϵգȴü濴ȥǲ࣬˵ȴ̫أ˭Ҳܿ϶ûеơ
˼鿴ոҶĲȻȻսУѡΪռˡ
޻ȳ̶ȣϼһѾܲˡѾ޻ϵգûаɵŴЦҹСͿš
Ц֮ȴ仺γһ
Ľһ֦һԵ÷ǳ죬ҳʰ͸ɫ
ɫյҫ£ҫ۵âḧеĳŵȻյ̽ѾʮˣΪֹոٵꡣ
˫΢ԵúҪսսǶôķϻ
㻹ǰŰأкâһгͻȻָա


200 
㳡֮ϣʱȫž
˶̨ϵˣ˫۶ǽˡ
֮սȼսɶǺٿģڳˣκһϸڡ
ʱֻಣһ
ֻգ۾ȴˣѾʧԭء
̨֮ϣƾղһӰǹþٶȣµĻӰ
ЩԼĻӰȴǶҲδ
˵ʵͲֻ࣬ӰգȻЩ̫ܡ
СС۷ҲϷǰŪˣϳɾս飬ǺεȵķḻͻȻоһ˿⣬ʱЦһЦһȭԼĸӦĵطȥ
֪һȭʱͻȻͷ֮ϣҲһ⡣
ǹóսʽ
ͷһϮǹɱﵡ
Ӹ£мĿһȭյգеĹ쳤Ƿǳųյͷ¡
ɾʱֻͷЩͷ˲ͽһγһ͵ķޣŹĳݺݳ˹
ֻ飡һ졣
һ쳣ķβȻֱͬһݺݵĳ˳Ľ֮ϡ
⣬һʱҲûӦ˴ͻһ£÷˳
֮µĹڰ֮з˼ŵ֮ϴ˵ǹɹһǳʽ䵽̨ıԵ֮
һĻ˶һͣû뵽һغϵĽ棬Ȼǹ˸
ϼһܺãĺܺáȥǵһ˿Ѫֿһ¸ղűе֣ʹȻûܵסιϳһСѺۣи˿˿Ѫð
ʱͷѾָȻ˳˼֮ϡ
ÿֲٶȡȻղռϷ磬˿Ҳһ𾪡
ʣԼƴٶȣǶԷĶ֡
ʹղų䲻˵˹Ҳ˿Ĵ⡣
ͬʱҲף빬֣ܱԷٶǣƵղǹû뵽ͷҲԽй
ͷûκη֮˵ģͲǹˡ
ԼܱԷٶǣסֻȷˡ
뵽ǿ׳˫ţͻȻ͵һŵ棬˾ʹһӰ˲ƽ˹ǰ
շצһֻޱȵצӣ޾׺ֱ֮ӳͷץ
Ĺɣæȥ
ƺϵһ㣬ץһצͬʱķޣҲһ̶ƿ֮ߺݺݳ˹
ԼСϼһˡҲ벻ò˵϶սȻ׺ݣȫһҪĹơ
˿͵ĹӲֻýٶȷӼ£Ҫշûг鵽֮ǰһεĹ
ɹȴС˷޵ĻӶٶȡ
ֻžһ죬ʹѾٴμٵĹȻյķ޳鵽ˡ
ʱ򣬹Ҳֻгٴη⵲
顱һ졣
ʹǳڹеĳ֮ϣֿµײȻٴγɡ
ݺײ̨Χϣͣĵڵ棬һƬҳ
϶üĿƣǲ㳡ϵĹߣе˿
޻գʵ̫ˡ
ΪѾ޻ʹÿһ֣Ϊս
ǽţ֣ͷҲϬš
αȶǳ˿õգȻռžԵơ
ģϼһҵģҵġһŭ𣬴Ļҳд
ˣȴӻҳ֮վ
ŻվĹȻʲôֶΣ㾡ʹϷɻ㡣
ݺ³еѪȻеĳһףûգ֮УȡһѪܵĴ󵶣еѪĴ󵶣һԭҪԸճɱﵣڿֻϼһһˡ
̨֮ϵģͻȻǱѪܵĴ󵶣΢΢Ծû뵽оȻһֻˡ
⻰ҶȴҲüͷһ塣

һԵ۹С
˵ڵ۹֮УһЩǳϵɣһЩǳıС
ЩУ֮һͨУ֪ǿĶ١
ţڵ۹֮УһЩţȫƾһЩıУԽս
ȻԽսıУڵ۹֮УҲǳϡ٣еѪȻһıС
ǣһķҲǿԽսһȫµĲˡ


201 ѪӰ
ѪӰܰڴ˵֮£ò˵һַǳǿҫˣ˵仰ֻеѪһͻȻɢһĿѪ⡣
ֻˡһ
ȴǷǳĿӰȻģ
ֹķͼһѪ֮УͻȻһѪӰת֮䣬̨֮ϣЩѪӰˡ
һĻ˵Уʵ̫ˡ
ǿѪѾһ˿ԣȻԶƾҶڵľ磬ȻԿЩѪӰǵ
ЩȴǹԼ߷ˡ
ԹΪûһ㣬ЩǱѪԴĹ
ıУҶǵһο
ͬʱҲԿҲͬһ㣬ҪȻԲŪıС
˿ֲĵȫ߷ֻҲһ̶ȡҶаҡҡͷȻ޻֮µգ쳣ҪսʤֳѪĹԵЩˡ
Ҳ֪Լǰδ֮С
һؿƶѪӰеЩѪӰǻһֻҪԼзɣЩѪӰ;Ի֮ƣɱ
ľǣЩѪӰ֮ȫ׽ˡ
ϼһܱүΪƶʢɡһͻȻ˷ܱǴʲôλġ
䱸ʱͻȻǰѪӰһеѪȻֱӾͳյǰ
ֻ꣡һ
˹ĹոֻԼѾ޻צ˹ȥ
ȻСѪķ̶ȣѾ޻צѪһŴ಼һ㣬׾ͱ̿һѪܵ˿ڡ
Ҳһţˣʱ򣬾ȻϵƣֱԴһ˦ޡಡһݺݳԴݺݳ˹ȥ
Ǿڷ޼鵽ʱ򣬹壬ȻΪһѪӰֱʧˡ
ЩѪӰʲôʱҲܵˣղŵķޣ鵽˶ԷɶԷȴͻȻһѪӰʧˣʵЩԽܡ
ȻһֱԹսҶȴǿ÷ǳס
֮ѪӰصԼǰһֹѧЧ
ֹѧЧԻԷ۾ƭԷ۾
ʹ㿴Ķټ٣ȫԴ
ͳԺ֮ʣͻƾ辪˵ٶȣһ
ԸָԼ۾ΪԼ۾ʱҲǻƭԼġ
ҶԶĸӦȥһС
Իû磬ӦУҶڸֻҲ֪Ȼȴ֪Ȼս֣ûʲôá
ģôȥȫӰ·Ĺߣ챻ˣֻ̨ϣϵϴʱʱͻᳯѪӰסմ̳һ
ÿһ̳ѪӰ֮Уᴫһƺߡ
ȻգԹ˹Ĺû˻֮
ÿδ̳һ֮󣬾ͻ»һλó֡
һ̨̣֮ϵĴ򶷷ʽԵùޱȡ
ʵǿԹ͵ϮʽĴ򶷷ȴֻ֮
һοӰΪһѪӰʧնʱСĶ־һλ
ʱһѪӰҫٴθеǰһѪȻλˡ
һεĹλҲûϵտȲµʱУѾˡ
뵽һҧʱƵܵѪӰյ˫ȥ
еѪȴǻһĨĻȣյԴ
֪ʱգȻȫЩѪӰĹצֱӳѪץ˹ȥ
ֻꡱһǸһۼ׵צȻѪ̴ˣѪҲסˡ
һԼѪȻԲеķʽסˡ
ʱɫһ䣬ã

Ҳ˲ùգһӿ͵ذγѪ˫һŵ棬һַǳķʽٳȥ
յķޣҲʱŹ·ݺݳ˹ȥ
ǹӦĿ죬ҪյС
ҿϼһֱ̫׺ˡµĶһεĹ֮վ̨ıԵյ״α
ղҪÿ죬һ﷭ˡ
Ҳ˹ˣҷʶʵ̫ǿˡ
ĹֶΣֻҪظΣͱơ
ֻһˡѪӰƿأڳ׶ΣҲ˵ûƿش˵
Ȼûƿش˵ȻҲܽЩܱ
̸ķȴڸһЩ۵£ʩһѪӰĹ


202 
˿̣㳡ˣȫ
빬սٶȣʵ̫ˡ
ڳĴ󲿷ˣȫûǽսḶֻܴ́ӱ˵Ľ˵УһЩй˵Ľս̡
ʡ
ⳡսһ֮УΪʵһս
ܴﵽ빬ߣ֮١
ƽʱһˣҪּߣǳѣο֮սˡ
ѪӰþ֮󣬾Ҳûֻ֣һò֮ȴͻȻüѾºһʲôһ㡣
һĹͻȻȻĹѾϣǾֵҹˡյĻһ䣬˾ʹһ󾢷磬˹
ԷĳԼȻѡá
һƺƮƮķޣȴķǳ죬ȻʮףͶŹ˹
һٺԾȥ
ֻһ޲Ź·˵ϣȻ涼һѺۡ
һһ֮󣬶գҲЩѿ
֮ǰ˵ҪŰǸ϶𣿿ģôǱ˼ܰһЩϲֵļһѾչģб£ˣӲƴӲһ
ȴ֪ԼٶȲ繬ԷֻҪӲƴǸ޷κζԷġ
˿³Ľϣܴ̼öԷԼӲӲľһ
һȺ׳աȻɨ˳ЩһۣյҲΪүӲƴɣʵ㣬үֻ̫˽ǣ
˵ֻͻȻѪ֮Уͬʱֻһҫ۵Ѫһ޴ޱȵѪǰ
ʲôմһ֮£Ҳû룬Լצȥ
һΣֻꡱһ޻צûʲôãͱѪֱȥԾ˵ٶȣյԴȥ
ӲƴվȻԵ˵Ĳһ
˵ʵϣӹ޻צȥֻһգ۵ʱ䡣
ǱѪƵԼ޻צ֮֮ƣԼԴյķӦҲǿ쵽˼㣬ֱӳȥ
ܶ㵽𣡡׼һ˦͵ߵյı֮ϣʹˣͬһõĲһ㣬׷˳ȥ
һֱʮףšһڵϡ
ʱգȴǱ쳣ˣ̱ڵأвͣվѪ
Ȼղһţ֡
ͷɲܵ°վӵˣǼеĴ
һЩյѣǷ׷ùס֡
С˹һ⣬ȻܹҪһ֮Ȼû˷֮
ڵϣϳ鴤գûа֮⡣
ҪϼһôųһѪ⡣
Ҫ֪ǵѪ⿴ż򵥣Ѿ̺һ˿ʦԴĹˡ
ƾ蹬Ϊǿд߶ĹвܷɵĿܡ
ڵ࣬λһ˶ʹٶȶ񻯡
ֺ޲˺ա
ϼһ֮ǰĻúʲôΪŰЦһ˹ȥеĴ󵶣ڵϣһĻǡ
ʱ򣬿˵һսѾˡ
ΪӮһҲӦˡ
ǹȻŹգУѶն˱ɱ֮
ϵյĻ́ţҿյݺݲȥ
˲ȻǹһŰֶΡ
ɾڹ̧ղµһ˲䣬·һӰ˲䶯ˡ
ȻǰˣôӦֵ˰ɣһͻȻ·һڹڣֻǿһӰһһ޴ӡֱӳ˹ȥ
ܵҶԼӡǻ˵գæᵶԼǰ
󵶵һ˲䣬ҶӡҲĴ֮ϡ
ҶѾ֣֮ĳһƣȫֻΪ˱˹ڰһ֮󣬻Ѫ
⻹ҿ˵Ŀ죬ͬʱҲҶ飬ҲһУһŲյϣҶһƣɾͲôܵˡ
ǰôҶһƽ֮ҲûṬǰգϸһյơ
ңû¡Ҷķ£ҡҡλվȴһҡͷ̾ˣ磬ˡ
ȻҶڼһյ֮ȴüͷ΢壬ܵˣ˵Ƿǳء
ܵ˼ش
ƣʱƣֻ´һΪͻ˷ȥ
ɴ˿ɼ֣Ǻ˼㡣
ֻһ㵽ֹ̨ʽֲһﾹȻҪɱɱա
Ǳȶûн˭ȥģϳһͻȻԸ̨֮ϵĳϯ˵ģľʦĪ
ĪΪľʦȻľ˵Ҷ飬ڷ籤Ҷ֮ĳԹ
һֱҸᣬҶŴȡ
Ҷıʵ̫ˣûֵĻᡣ
ϾΪҩǵĳϣҲĮӵµĹأǲƻŴȡ
ɴ˿̿ҶȻֹ֮Ĵ򶷣پٵĪæڳĳȨ
Ҷ֮ȴ̧ͷü˳ϯĪһۡ
һ˭ѵѾûа㷴֮
ǰѾ䣬ΪʲôϳҶûŪǸݵ£ȴҲԷԣڵҶ˵һĳϣȻʲôǵѡ
֪Ȼ£˾Ͳ¡
ĪòײҵһƲҶĻᣬ׷֡
㵱ŴǶϷ𣿡ĪȻҶкâһŴĹأ˭Ŵ֮ϵ򣬶ҪҲ⡣
ԣҲ˫һæվ˳
ʱ֪ҶĿ£ԼõҪսʤҶҲԼǸЦ
Դ˿ϯһϣҪƻŴɣҶȻдϲ
ֻҪҶ˿Ǵ˴εŴȣһ˭
յսûнֱӳ֣ѵֶԸңΪΪеʧ֮ǰ㵱ԼΪǿĶ֡
ʱڸߵɲôǰֱӳԼҶ¶ԼҶҪڳ˶ף֮վ˵ȫֻΪҶƻ˹ء
ڿҶΪԼܵϯһλϵָſڣǸϽ˵һ£֪컹ûſ͡ꡱһһѪ
յٶȶ񻯣Ҷæֹǰ̫أʱ˿˵ǸϽúõϢһ˵
ҶС㻹Ͻ̨ϸϹѵҪȥ𣿡ڳϯĪίϯϵһίûпڣΪҲ֧Լľٴοڣࡣ
Ҷʱ֪ǹҲ磬Ǿˡ


203 
׶Էǹ鷳֮ҶֻǵǸһֱۣӽշ̨
ĪĻѡԽӡ
ҶȻֱ˵ĮԼϵȨĪƺҲһ¡
ȻҶ־ٶҲʹ㳡ϣ
ڳˣֻû˻뵽Ҷ˿ϯĳϣӡ
ֻġҹڤˣȴ¶һΪȤ顣
Ҳûгֹ˼ƺ뿴ҶͷΪδ¡
صĪףǱˣȻˣ
ҩǵĳϣһǼĳλʦȻһСˣ
һҪϣ˫۾ע£ˣ
Īڶӵŭ𣬺һ£ˡ
ֻಡһĪһֱԾ˵ڰ˸Բ֮ϣɫŴӵھŸԲҶ֪Լղһǳˡ𣿡
ĪΪʦټҩǳϵݣҩǣһǺйˡ
ҩǵĳʱ飬ҲֻֻۣۣȻǰҪֵ̫
ɽһǰμŴȵСȻڴ֮ͥ£ȫϵȨ
һԭµ顣
½֣֣鷳㽫ǰȥˣһҪбҶҲûĪһֱۣӷҩݣ½ݷӵǰ
½ݷæǰҶзա
Ҷǵ˵ͷ»صҩϡ
һ̣㳡ϵˣûһ˵ǾҶĪˡ
ΪҶ֪һ꣬Ͼͻ١
½ݷӽշȥʱ򣬻ǵĵҶһۡ
ȻҲǲôҶ
ϾڵðȻһϣɲһС£һŪãֻСȥ
ҳǳϻһµľ˵飿½ݷ˷ȥ֮Ҷ̧ͷüĪ
Сһ㻹濴Լ볤ϻһԡĪаһ󼥷СһΪԼ˭Ȼʱ򣬻Լǰס
ǣĪܿͷ֣ҶⲻٰףҪˡ
ĪĻŸո˵꣬ҶϣǷ˾˵ı仯
һȦȦɫâ֮ϣ縡˳
ͬʱϵ·Ҳ޷Զ
Ǹʲô㳡ϵˣһƬȫҶľٶ
ӦòҪĪ϶ְɣһЩҶˣһĺȻ
֮ǰһҩǳϵȨˡ
ڣ˼ҾȻҪֱӶһ϶֡
֮ǰҲ鰡
Сһй׺֮ȻһϵȨ̨֮ϵ壬ҲǱҶľٶһҹڤѯʶԷǲӦóֹ
֪ҹڤȴҡҡͷ΢Ц֣ҵ뿴ʲôƾ̣ȻһϽ
ҲȤǲÿңֻͣ
̨ȨƵˣ˿ڣȻҲû˵ʲôˡ
ʱѾ߶ҶϵƣǱ൱
Ҷ̧ͷĪûа顣
ҶԱ϶֣ĪҶһɭ
⻰һ䣬˳׶
ҪԼ̫УҩǵĳϣֻһƨӦþľʦɣĳΪͽܳͷʱǰյĺܺء
ҶôľʦϣȻ˼ҲŹҲûҪˡ
ҶģĪϾ֮ǰ֮ıȶɡʱһֱվԱߵĹͻȻǰҶĪм䡣
˵⻰ȻҶֻ뾡̧Լݰˡ
Ϊ֪£ĪһҶֵġ
㵽ƣƫƫҪԸҶǲ֪е뷨һЦ֮һֱһ˹
ĪҲҶԼǰף붼û룬һգһ˳ǹǳ֮Уͬһ㣬Ҷ
ϼһ˵̫߿ԼˣҶųԼĳǹͬ˲һ㣬ȻֱӳĪǰһ޴ӡĪȫûзӦʱ򣬾Īϡ
ּɱʦٶȣĪȫɵۣ
Īǹ赲ϻ˲㱻ȥ
״ΣĪҲ˲ʲôϵϣǱ쳣ľ͵ع˳ȥ
ɼʹɱҶں油һš
Ī´ӵվʱһǳĽӡӡĪߵƨ֮ϡ
ϹһػҳĪ˿̵Ǳȫûһ˿ϵϡ
һУʹĪȫû˰Ƣ
Īһ۾ֵҶ
Ѿ֣ԼҶһεߡ
ղҶʵɱɶԷû
Ҳǹ˼Լϵݰɡ
Ī뷨ûҶڲμŴȣðȻͽһҩǵĳϻ̨ռҲһǳ޴顣
޴飬ҶȻȥ
ãǰĪһҲ㹻ˡ
Ժ˵ϼһﻹԼҶɾͲˡ
ʱĹ㳡ϣˣһĴ͡
ҩǵĳϣһǼĳλʦȻһоͱûƢ
Ҳʵ̫ˡ
УΪҶĪľһˣû뵽һգ۵ʱ䣬ͽˡ
Ӧü֮ľ˰ɣҶһнĪɨ˵ʱٴο˹
֪ʱĹȴǡ⡱ʧ̨
ʧ̨֮ĹȴǱԼĴȣװģĲҺţų̂˼
ģȶˡ
ʱ̣ȴûЦ
ûƼҶһҩǵĳϣһɨȥ
ʱҶϣ
һھԲ̵̨֮ϣΨҶһ˰УˣԵƷǷ
·㳡֮ϣһڹߣȴǼžޱȣ
ŴȾô죬Ҷճȴǻû
һ֮㽫һҩǵĳϻˣˣޱȡ
һʱ䣬ӦôĹ㳡ȴ˹ļž֮С
пվ̨мҶһۣ˫֮УԹû뵽ȴεŴϣҶһ̬
˿̵ĹкڲѣԼ治ӦԼĴǰμӴȡ
ҪǽڳŴ֮ϣ˭档
ɾĹ⻷ʵ̫ҫˣŲʱʱ̿ԼĹ⻷¡
ˣŴȽеҲǵ˽ʱˡʱҩǵĳվ㳡˵Ŀ⣬
ҹڤû˵Ŀ⣬ҶЦݵŴϵı֣һί
˭֪ҹڤʱȴüһ壬̧ͷԶʡ
һ̣Ǻҹڤڳˣ̧ͷԶһڵ㡣
ֻмʱ䣬һУͷٵ̨Ͽա
ô񣡡ֻͻȻɵ̨Ͽյľˣ
һֻ;޴Ĺ˫չʮ׿ĺǣֻ˫צͬʯһ㣬Ȼż˵Ĺ⡣
ģȴֻصһӰ


204 װƵıǮ
һǳƮݵ꣬һ·ǳص£鵭Ȼֳһ⡣
ں˵ɫһͷƮݵİ׷ŵУﲻ¶ľ⣬ȴ˲ֱӡ
ˣ˭
û˵Ӧô
һӦòǴ˵е˰ɣǲ³˵ʲôȴȷ
һʱ䣬㳡ϵۣٴ
Ȼڳˣͻˡ
Ͼ˸ߵĳ˲עⶼѡ
ֻǸ꣬һֱӴӾıԾȥŹ˹ȥ
ô˳ӣǸ꣬üŹɫĺ⣬ԽԽˡ
磬ôˣһϲͻ꣬æӵӭǸꡣ
磿
ˣȻǹĴ磿
Ϣʱ㳡ϵˣסˡ
ͬʱҲ뵽һյꡱ
յ꣬ǹ
Ϊ۹֮֮еĵһţ۹Ҳ˽֮
һУֻϵĹ⻷ʵ̫ˡ
԰ǱˣôǴҾ˵ʵ죬Ѿ۵һΪ˺ĵӣʱӦȥ۹Ŷ԰
ôɫʵôܻǹĴ磿
Ҹҿ϶˾ǹΪǰȥһαҼһΣҸҿ϶˾ǹֻϵƣȫûǰˡ
㶮ƨǷӹڵľ磬˵Ϊ˵ͻƣֵֻܣҿ϶˾ǹ𣿡
ģ⻰ʲô˼ȫͷ
Աߵͬ飬ͷˣǿ϶Ӧþǹˡ
Ҳѹ֮ǰ˻ɣϾǱĵһӣдԣ˵Ѿȥ۹
ɴˣͻȻȻɡ
Ͼʵ̫ˡ
˿˿ıˣһּΪʵĸо
Ĺȷʵûаƣڿ˵ʱҲĮޱȡ
ǹĴ磬ΪˣôμǴŴȣҹڤʱҲһľɣһۡ
Ҳüͷ΢ˣȷʵʦҲԴ˷ǳأɸݼʦԣ⹬Ϊʦ֮󣬾һֱĥ£ɲ֪ôͻȻ
Ҳ΢΢ͷڿĵһ۵ʱ򣬾֪ȷʵǷǳµˡ
һ棬Ҫࡣ
ͻȻӦòΪĵܵܣӶҶְɣ뵽ʲôͻȻɫһ䣬ǵǵ˻վ̨ϵҶһۡ
Ͼţʵ̫ˡ
ڱױȵĺκйع飬ǵҲԲСơ
ǹҪҶֻ֣ƾ벽սͿȫѹҶ
ȻʱģϣȴǴһ˿ĪЦ⡣
ϵһ˿Ц⣬΢΢һ֮ȴͻȻȻһǺͿˣκҩݣʵᱻѹƣܶκйʦֶΡ
˵壬ҲڴˣѾ˸ˣҶСһƺҲܷƣҩݵ̨һ뿴ҶСһڹֵ¼ֶˡ
ٺ٣ֻҪ֧ʮвܣСһۣһȫµĸ߶ȡҹڤ΢ЦϾԵУɶǼѽ
ղŻΪҶĲѵ壬ЩҲЩڴ
ڳˣûһ˸˵Կ͸ҶȻҲûһˣ˵ܿ͸
ˣҩһͬľɲģ
˿̡
ŹԼĿߣϵĺ⣬ԽԽء
󣬸ǳ;㣬ͲҪʩչѪӰƾڵΪƿѪӰ֪һķɣǺεҪ˵£ô
ĺǳ⣬һµĹԹѧͷҷһ֡
Ҳ֪һķɣԺѧֱҪ
֮ǰܰյУҧͷ˷֮
Һù֪ԼܵܵԸԵ͸ʱѾ沼¼ơ
ЩƣȻ÷Զԣ䷴ɣҲҪࡣ
磬Ҫ;֣ǿʤԷġ˵ȴɨ̨ϵҶһۣ֪Լʵ֪ʱֻҪһ£һΪԼͷ
ΪѾ˵飬¹ϼ
Ȼ⻰һȴǰҡҡͷе̾һ治֪Լܵܣʲôʱܳ
κθ򱱶Ƶˣ׷Ź
뵽תͷ̨ϵҶһۣкâһˣֱԾ̨֮ϡ
ǽһ¡׾Ծ̨ǺҹڤˣҲ΢΢һ֪ǲӦ˵һҩϵĹء
ǸǱֵˣضҪܵӦеĳͷ飬ҩòҪ֮֡Ե̬֮ţǸҹڤ
㡭ҹڤĵһ¶Է֮ҩϣʦϵǿߣܵѹƣܷӳʦܣ˼ҶȫҹڤҲһ£ûٿˡ
ҶǴ˫ţҲǱһĵһˡ
Ҳ뿴֮䣬١
һԾ̨֮ϣܵҩȴҲһüͷȻŶԷҶһᣬȥҵǣҿԲƽϽ飡
ȻȻȴ˲֮⡣
ᣬȴصĴ㳡ʹˣȡ
ȥ
ǣ
Ǽ򵥵ļ֣ȴҶҲðһ˿ŭ𡭡
ϼˣһһѽ
ƺֻһװƻ˼пıǮ


205 ճ
㳡ϵˣȣҲȫˡ
Ҷô˵ҲŴȵĵһ
վ˸߶ȵˣһĸ
˼ҹô񣬾֪ҶѾվһܸߵλãȴ޹˼ɵһŲ
ƺвôһŵʸ񣬱ϾҶȻѾǷǳһˣɶϹǲ˲ֹһΡ
һ䣬㳡ϵˣĿͶҶϡ
ǸԵĲ²УҶȻڹ֮£ӦһֻСѱ
Ȼ󣬹֮֮վ̨ϵҶȴǸûһ㣬ûҪ̨˼
һĻһֱֺǵȻĹ˿ҲϸҶһ
ڱڴ˴ˣû
ҶڸʲôѵûĻô
ûǺû⹬ĵ˵⻰ˣ˵ҲЩ϶ϾԼΪԼĿеһ˿𾪡
ڴܲ⹬
ǿ϶ģûУ
˰ɣҩǵĳҲҲ⹬ĻɣȻ֮ǰǸ˵Ļһ䣬˷
Ϊ۹Ͻ֮УΨһӵ
㳡ˣȴҲʵΪҶķӦɻ
Ҷںϸһ¹ϵ֮󣬲ͻȻ̧ͷ˹
һɲǡ
˵Ŀ⣬״ζײһ
˵Ŀ֮Уһ̣ð˵⡣
֮ҶջĿ⣬ȴݳһĨȵʢ֮£Ӧʿֻƾһ仰Ҷĳ˽е㲻ԼЩװƹͷ𣿡
⻰˫һУȴû˵ʲôֻߵֻߣȻľͷþʱ뿪̨˰֮С
ʣҶһʮĻѳ˹ĵ׵ŭ⡣
þ뿪ڳ̨Ŀռ䣬׼Ҷˡ
һĻֳһЩϲֵˣҲ
ôҲû뵽ҶȻ빬ԡ
ˣƺĶˡ
ǿ֮ľ
ľпͷ
빬֮ǰսȻѾǺܾˣҶʱȴ˼һжסԣҶ֮䣬ʵ̫Զˡ
Ĵ磬Ȼ֪ҶԲǹĶԷ
ȴҶ׿ڹֶ֧á
ٺöߣѾ˶̡
ֱ̣ʮУһУһǧС
Ҳ˵ֻҪҶڹ֧ʮУһЩѹעҶϵĶͽǮʡ
ҶʱҲû᳡µĽ˵һ䡣
ֻһ㵭âѸҶ֮ϣһȫľ֮۵ĳΣ㷢ĺâ
ҶҲΪһϵƣҲǿ
ڲμŴȣҶûеõ֮ǰ޷֮ģڣȴĺڹϣһ֮
μ˿ԻɽʹԹĿҲһ˿ɫҲֹѡ
ɽҶϵ֮ȴҡҡͷûдﵽʦ֮£ܻɽò˵ȷʵһϧʦ֮ӭսȤûС
һ̫ţܸһžһ
ȻҪڴǱҵȻһô׵顣
ʱͷճġҶȻŶԷҪطҿܻɵһҩϣǽνʦϣɡ
⻰һսˡ
ҶĻһ䣬ڹ㳡ϵˣžޱȣĿսϵˡ
һսҶǷܹȡʤؽ
ΪģֻΪս
һ˵ļһһգһĺڵĳޣ˲ͳ֮УɫޣȻȻطҵʵѱѹƵλʿ֮Ը㣬ȴǴ´ˣȻ㲻ҵĵһ飬Ҿֻܽſ֮ȥҵܵǸˡ
ɫޣƼ򵥣ɢϢʣͬҲһ
ɫ޸ѪӰǹĥµʱһż֮ҵġ
ķÿһڸ֮һѪȵɱ¾
û뵽˹һԼϣҲһ
Ļ治ҵҶҲĻˣҪ֪ڸ֮УʮʦУپоŸûз
ɹһԼһȻһĵܵܡ
ֻҶֳһЩʦҲ
еĳޣһĨâҳʦ֮ȥĥ꣬;УȺλǼʦȴûһǼʦҵǱ߹ʮС
ͬΪʦȻûһʦڹ³ŹʮС
⻰һֳһ䶯
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼﵽĸ߶ȡ


206 һ
Ҷ֮Уһ˿ҵģҲܹˡԱϣеǱޣȻһĨâһԽԽơ
˹һĻҶУҲ־
Ҷɼǵú֮ǰʹѪӰʱѪӰĹâǱϵİٷ֮һ
ɾ̶ֳȵѪӰҲֱӽմˡ
񿴵âΪעĿǱޣҶ֪ѾƿǱޡ
һǱͷŵܣҪȹѪӰǿʮϰٱ
һսԼСӦԣҪȻԽСءҶУҲʼȫʱӦе׼
ڵŴ֮жõһò˵ȷʵһţϧȴƫƫҡΪҶ̾
ϵǱޣȴ
Ǳµʱֻһ̤һʱ䣬̨֮ϣڳʮӰ
ЩӰȻǹ˶֮£µĲӰ
ٶȣ֮ǰĹ֪Ҫ˶ٱ
֮ʩչʲôԻĵַЩӰҲöѱ١
ֻһգ۵ʱ̨֮ϣͱµĵӰ׸ˡ
һĻˣֱӱɵˡ
ʲôٶȣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҫϳڹֶ֧áʱ½ݷˣѾ͵֮ոոǣͿ̨˵һĻ½ݷ鲻Խӡ
ԣȴǿЦҡֲһже
½ݷʧһУ
ӻش½ݷ磬Ҳ˲һŵ̨֮ϡ
ڹ˵ȴԵúǴţ붼룬֪Ľ֡
̨ϵҶѾһˣȫûʲôˡ
ǲѾǱޣʱڸ̨֮ϣľ񽳵ϯͽȴͻȻ˹
ԣ΢΢һ֮󣬲ģĻشҴмǰѾǱޣԾҩѹҴΪҶҲˡ
˵⻰еɷȴһš
ԣȴüͷûٶ˵ʲô
ʱ
Ҷüվ̨м䣬ĲӰȴûκζ
ЩӰ֮УֻҪһûҳ֮ǰһäĿ֣ܿɾͻԷ֮С
ҶʱҲòϣˣȷʵǳ¡
ֱȥҲǰ취ⳡսɡʱռݻӰƵĹʱ򣬾Ȼֳ
ȻԼʵˣмûӰԻ֡
֮ǰһΪܵܿû뵽ܸܵȣС׼ѽҶȻһЦɨһһۣûκζ
ǲǿܿͻ֪һ䣬ֻϣͻȻһĿĺڹһڹ⣬ʵ̫ˣ˵۾Ҳ̲סպһ¡
ҶҲ⣬âʱҲǽס˫۱պ
ɾҶպ˫۵֮ʱһâȻͬͻ˿ռһ㣬˲ҶǰֱӴ̴Ҷࡣ
ʲôһб
ɣһоͽˣ
㳡ϵ˿һĻһɣҶٲãҲһоͱɱɡ
ɴȴԼ۾ƭǣҶ࣬ȷʵǱǱ޴̴ˡ
ܿҾͷ˷ǳһĻ
Ϊ˵ĹԼĳ޴Ҷ֮󣬲ûаϲ֮ɫϵ飬

ֶһнˣɹλҪ˽䱸עܣ
һ̣У˲⡣
ǣûãҾΪι¶ˡ
̴Ҷĳ޳ʱȴҶ壬ȻΪһŹ㣬ɢ˿
ӰȻּӰ
ⲻǹĲӰҶڼ֮£µĲӰ
ϣֻ㣬ſٶγɲӰҩϣΪǼʦǰ벽ǰҲûʲôֵýĵطҶڹʮ״ͬʱҶӰҲֳ
תͷųԼߵҶϵɫ״
Сһٶȣǿֲ̨֮ϣľ񽳵ϯͽģһĻҲһϣҶٶȣԲһʦ
Ҳ˵ٶȵıƴϣҶñȹѷɫ
㳡֮ϣҲһ󾪺֮һЩҶ֧ߣѾĿ
˵ҶЩ֧ߣ˵֮ǰһЩҶֶּɵˣҲҶٶȸˡ
Ҫٶȸֻ㻹ûʸ񡣡ȻʱЩҶȴһ벽ʦƴٶȡ
ٶ֮죬ͬʦ֮УҲû֣Ҷûﵽʦ֮ˣٶƥС
Ͼʦʿ˱ʵĲ֮ͬĲ֮࣬
𣿡ڹĻҶȴǵȻһЦûзЩ飬ֻҪж֤֮ͬ


207 Ҫĺ䶯
һ֮ǱһּһɫĹâͻȻϢֱҶ
֮ǰĹڴ˴ξǸûзϵġ
УҶĶֿ֣
ԼСˣóһЩҶϡ
Ҷһ˲䣬еǱޣͬһ㣬ֱҶͷ
ѸǿĹһʦҲܵ
Դ˻һڳˣ̵ı˫ۡ
ΪЩ˵УûһΪҶĹ
ʱһվԭزҶҲһΣٶ
һ̣˵ٶȣ˲䷢ӵ˼¡
Ӱ
ĲӰ̨·̨ϿգѾ˵ĲӰǡ
˿̣һЩеĹڣȴֱɵˡ
ΪǸ˵ʲôطսֻܸµĲӰһЩƲ롭
ȻҲһλʦٶ빬Ƚȴ˲ֹһȼ֮䣬ҶҲΪٶȾȲѣͬʱҲ
Լ˼İˮ֮ƾٶȣԼͻᱻѹô߲
Ҷٶȣǿһʦ
ɹΪʦ֮еٮٮߣٶʤʦֻҲҳ
˵ʦУٶȣȷʵǷǳֲġ
Ҷȴ֮󣬲˱ʹҶٶȣҲﵽ빬һϳ̵ĳ̶ȡ
ֻ̨֮ϡಡ֮ϡ
ÿһӰ֮Ǿĵط̨棬ǺͻأһǺ˵ѷ죬˽֮ನɵġ
Һ̨ĵ棬Զָÿνɵƻת֮䣬ͻᱻ̨Զ޸
һ㣬ͿԿҩݵ֮
ȻҪҩĹЧ˿ҩϵֻ̨ͱ˸ˡ
·㳡ϵĹڣ鶼գ£̨Ͻսˣ´һϸڡ
ҿľ̼֮ǰ빬սεսȫһȼϵġ㳡֮ϵĹڣˣ̨ϵľˡ
ּսڴһˣֻһԹһΡ
ΪҶ빬ĸ֣ƽʱǣǳ֮ѣ˵սˡ
һ
ֻҶеǱ֮ٴ빬еǱ޴һ̨֮ϵʯ壬ʱѿ䵽˰֮С
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷ빬Ӱʧ˱ʯ֮С
ֳϵˣû뵽ҶȻ빬ƴ̶ȡ
˵Ľִûдﵽ֮Ҳ߰ʮˡ
֮ǰ̿ڣҶذɵׯңѿҪñڿˡ
ҶЩ֧ߣȻǸ׬˸Ӯ
֪˶ą̃ϵ籩ͻȻƽϢ
ʯ֮УԼԿսˣǸվ̨һߣ˴ţѰһγֵĻᡣ
̨ϵߣ
صŶҶеǱޣ壬ѳһЩâҲ࣬û֮ǰôĿˡ
ҶͬҲüԼ֡
֮ϣһȫʵĳֻʣһ
佣壬֮ǰĽսУ˹Ǳ¡
ʱҶҲһҪԡ
֮εʵϬɶϹķѷɫ˲١
ˣûٶֵļ
̨֮ϣԵüžޱȡ
Ҳòϣ֮ǰȷʵС㡣һοʼҶͬʱҲͬҶĿеĵλ
Ҷ֮еʧ֮󣬲ԷǵȻҲ֮УĵһΪǿĶ֡
ս󣬾Щϧζ
ֻҶ빬Լ˵ٶȣ޼
ٶȣ̨֮Ͽٽսһôܵ顣
ִ򷨣̨ƣֻ¾Ǵϼ켸ҹҲԷֳʤ
̨Ǳ˴˵ǸܷʩΪǶԼٶȣӲƴӲĽ֣ΣȻʵѹƵ˰벽ʦ֮Щ꣬û
òҵҶһ֣ǳ׼ĵ׵ս⣬Ȼ׷֡
ҩϽһλʦǰ벽ܣҲ֪ҵ׻ڴĺ䶯Ҷϵս⣬Ҳ


208 
˿̣㳡ϵĹڣ˷ܵĲˡ
һʿȻҪҩϣһ벽ܣ
찡ϣб
ľ񽳵ϯͽģʼⳡս
ڵĹȴѾ̨ϵһĻôˡ
ôҲû뵽ҶȻԼĴ磬̨϶̶ֳȡ
յˣҲǵһʶҶһ㣬¶˼Ϊ𾪵ı顣
Ҷ빬ˣ֮໥ʮ룬ͬһʱ䣬ˣˡ
һΣ˶ûʩչ˵볬ٶȣţһ㣬ŶԷֱӳ˹ȥ
˿񱩵ĳ棬ֳϵգ˲ͱˡ
˶ײ֮ʣеǱޣͻȻͬĴһ㣬ѳʮı壬ֳλҶֱӲ˹
֮Ȼͬһ㡣Ҷͷһмһ˲䣬ͳһһâȻ˲һ֮Ϊ콣ӰЩԼı塣
ֻ飡ײ֮֮󣬹ı壬ȫҶȥ
Ҷûо֣ǳŽ֮ƣֱն˹
֮֮ǰһǿ˲ֹһΡҶе֮ԼֻеǱ֮һ£ͽ˿
Ī׷ҶǶġ
ԹĶ֣д⣬ԼͿٲ
һ֮Ҷû׷Ծȥ
ҶȻûгԼ׷΢΢һ֮䣬ٴοҶĿ⣬Ѿ˱仯
֮󣬹ͻȻЦãķǳû뵽㾹Ȼ˽
ҲȻڸҽսʱ򣬻ܲ壬ϧЩ壬Уȴٳмƣ˵򡣡ҶȻûб飬ԵúĮ
ҲΪֶΣе𾪡
˱˴˵ƶԷеļƲ֮󣬶ٳ֣ǾעŶԷ
Ȼͨһ򶷣ˣѾе˶Էļ֮
㳡գҲΪ˵ͣսٴμž
һУһУҽͿԲƽҵܵ顣Ҷһ˿â֣ˣȷʵϧҪȵͻƵʦ֮ɱ㣬ҲֻĶ֣սУ򣬴ӶͻƿһУϣܽס
˿Ļ·Ĺڣȴû˵ʲô
ȻǶ̨֪Ҷսһƶûռ˭֪Էûнʵʩչˡ
Ҷ˵Ļƺ˼һûˡ
Ȼһ仰ֳ֮ϣҲв˾Щˡ
ϾֻҪеˣͿԿһ־ûռʲôơ
˵ִ󻰣ʵ̫ˡ
һУҶҡͷпһ̨ϻ㣬ڣȴ̫ˡ
˵һİ졣
ããҲеûĵƣһǱɡһЦгһʱһڵ㣬Ҷ
ҶһЦ
ʱҶҲ׼ľˮϵ׵ˡ
һںһɲһһ򵥡
óȻҶ壬ҲһĸɣһĳܼޣͺܿԳɵǱҪҶһǲᶯַʽԵеġ
ڿѾǱ޵׼˳
ԼֻʹһԵУֻ»ᵲסԷĹ
¶ֻ֮䡱һֵҶڣױը
һʹҶеһ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ʱеǱޣҲ߷£ϵƣҲһӱ
һҫ۵ĺڵ㣬˲һ㣬һӣҶͷ
ڵСЯƣֻ¾Ǻʵޱȵĸְ壬Ҳܱ֮׶
һڵ㣬ҶѪ֮³ֻû˿
ڵ㣬ǹзǿһºڵ㡣
Ҷе֮ľˮ˫ϵ۵ǿһ⡪ľˮ塣
ˮ֮ľֽ֮Ȼͬȫͬһ֮ϣʲôҶҲ
ֻӳ֮дˮľɶ˾ѡ
ϬĽ⣬ÿ񱩵ıľ񽳵ϯͽģ˿۾΢ȫɸӦõҶ빬ԹĿ³̶ȡ
Ҳ֪ҶʲôֶΣȻֵ֮ӵ˲ٷܡ
дɶļ¡
׼ȷ˵γɵ֮ϴεģѾ˱ʵĲͬ
âγɵĽâͺڵ㣬˵ϣݺݶײһ
ֻһ졣
һɿ񱩵Ӷײģ˷俪


209 ͷ
һ̣ҩϵ̨·𱻿ըһ֮ϣһĿͬʱһɳȵҲŹ㳡ϵϮȥ
Һôʱҩ֮ϣͻȻһİɫ֣Щޱȵ赲
ҪȻ·ڣֻ¶ڽСЩȵ֮С
ֻꡱһ죬Ҷе֮ǳױȻɢ˿
еǱޣҲһ紵֮󣬱һѷĩƮɢ̨֮ϡ
һ̣˵Ŀ⣬𾪵ڹҶϡ
һεĽ֣һεĲʤ
ڳĹڣֻ֪ı֡
ʱҶĿ⣬ѾǳˣһĮȻǾȻ¶һ˿ЦȤȤղһηģ
Ҷûаֱӿڵһ֮У̺ˮľϵҲӦ֪һںϣᱬε
ľϵˮϵ뵽Ҷ֮ǰһ֮У̺ˮ֮ľ֮ҶĿУŸ̾û뵽˴δŴУһȻҲ֪ǲǴ˵֮ʮӵߣֻƾֻҪ㲻䣬֮Уջһϯ֮ء
ȻŰ裬ֻǶһЩȫβͬˡ
ȻѾͬҶĴڣôԴҶ̬ȣЩͬˡ
֮ǰ˵ֻҪһУҲƽҵܵ飬Խ£͵ΪֹҪ˶ãҲͻʦ֮ʱһʵ
Ȼ˴εľûκεҶ֮УȻŶҶĮӡ
Ҷüͷ΢塣
һװҲ̫˰ɡ
ղŵսûռϷѽ
·½ݷˣͿ߹Ŀģ˿Ҷ˵ĻʱмҿǲǱҶֵܴɵˣεľûռһϷ硣Ҫ֪ڵһʦҶֵܣֻһλʿҲֻҶֵܶ˸ƽ֣һȵҶֵʦ֮ѾģҶֵܵĶ֣
һ֮һ㳡ϵˣҲԹ֮ǰĻеЩ
òϣ㶼κβ˼ңһ˼ʦ֮˼
ԣ˿̣ˣǳ֧½ݷ˵
ϾղŹĻʵ̫ˡ
˶˸ƽ֣һҶ˵ʱȴԵİڳһ˵̬
ˡҵʱ򣬻ʵĳ滰
˲ܣ㻹еƣûǾͼȥװʲôư
ȴû᳡ۣҶǵȻȫǱޣѾܲˣɱ֮УһСƾڵΪƴʵҳڶɱﵣһҶõڶɱﵣͱضҩϣ֮أڴĳɳ
Ȼ㳡
ȴû˻Ϊ˵ѣΪˣѾȫм˵ѵĳ̶ȡ
Ҳʱ˲׹Ϊ֮ǰ˵Ļˡ
˼ҿɱﵣ񣬲Žɱ֮Уһа
ֻɱ֮һУ
㿴ѵĻֶ̨֮ϣίϯľ񽳵ϯͽģͻȻһĿڵ
ĵĻ˵Ŀ⣬˹ϡ
ƺ֪ϣЩʲôĵư
תģȻͷЩһֱıԵĥ£һǰһĵ֮ϣõһȷΪǿıУʲôУ˶ӣˡ²ϸ˵ˡ
⻰һ㳡ϵˣʱһ󾪺֮
ϣбȷı
ɿĵı֣ƺС
ΪʱҲûٶ׷ʹõģһʲôˡ
ȻֵȼıУֳ˵Ӧһֽɡ
ѹֹ˵ҪҶͻʦ֮󣬻Լʵ
˼У滹в˼ɱﵡ
֮ǰڼˣȴòԹˣԵĸе̾
ղ̨˼ҵĴ£Ȼʵ
ʵȴǵԼֹأӶɱҶ⹬Ǹµѽ
֣ǲǡҹڤҲ֪ʱǵóˣ׹еû֮󣬺ҹڤˣΪҶ
ҹڤĵʱȴĲû˿֮ɫ෴ȻΪڴҶ
ĵֹ飬ʱúҹڤһ
֣㾡ܷģСһթĺܣʵҲûױء΢ЦĿ˺ҹڤһ֮ȴٴνĿ䵽ҶϣڴСһϣӦһַǳϢҸоַǳϢСһıԴСһϣȻȴǲ壬ˡ
ǴʱģҲ̲סΪҶĻһֿڡ
Сϣһָӿµ飬Ҳ֮ǰǶСΪ빬ͬһڿǴƺҲҪһˡ
ҹڤˣЩϳɾ˿Եõĵĵƣ͸оҶһֱص
Ѿս̶ˣҶûжñԴҶ̣ҹڤˣҲǸеһľ
ϾԴɲЩһЩＤܱġ
ԣҹڤҶ̣ȴǷǳ⡣
ǲ֪ǣҶڣȷʵһ
ҲȷʵıԴһ֮УΪ˵Ľϵ
Ҷˮϵʱ䣬Ƚ϶̡
ûгڡ
Ҳ˵ڵҶûͬʱԵС
빬ԾʱҶͬʱʩչС³Լĳܼޡ
ңðȻͬʱԵУҶԼҲ֪ᱬ
ҩԼֲ֣ܶʦ֮ܵĹ¾ͽӲ
ϾֻҶףںֹ֮ǺεȵĿ¡
һķûá
Լʧɱ˹
úŬɣϣͻʦ֮лʩչڶɱﵡ鵭Ȼһһ֮䣬˾Ӹµζ
С󣬶վ۷֮ͬ䣬û˿ֵ߹С
ЩͬһĹȣָѰ
Ҷҩݵ̨֮ϣԱƵԼǱޣڹҶͻʦ֮õڶɱﵡ
һ̣ˣ͸һߴʢĸо
Ȼǹǣѽ
ȻȵԼĶԷɳĥԼڳ˿ȷʵɶڹ˵飬ֻǰҲǳ
ţҶֻǹڶһ˰ˡ
˵̾һֱע̨֮ĹȴһεëôַˣֱӽԷɱҡ֮Уѵ𣿡
ҶŹָ߸ϵ̬ǺԼ֮ƽ֣ʩһ㡣
뵽ҶУĪðһ˿ŭ
㲻Լ̫𣿡ҶȻŹ˵ұ̫ƫûа֪֮Ϊһĵڶɱﵣ
˵üͷһǲĿҶ


210 սĶ
ҶҲ̫ʶô˰ɣԼѾ˵ƽϽˣɶԷȻƫƫҪѰ·
ʱҶϵһ䣬һɷǳƣȴǳߡ
ͬʱҶϣҲһ㵭Ľâ
ʵҵıԴ֮УǿĽϵҶŹһһٵһܺܺõĽԴ֮СҲ˵Ŀǰܳƿһ߶ԼҲ֪ɶٵƻ˵Ὣնҩϡ
΢΢һ㶣üͷһ£ϸҶϵһâ
ľ񽳵ϯͽģҲ΢΢һԭֻǲ²⣬ȴû뵽ҶȻһֱԴ
ҲһȻҶһ̣ԼĴ̨ܷնɱҶǿ϶ˡ
ͬʱ㳡ϵĹڣҲȫ
̨֮ϣѾ߶ϵҶĮȻŹ㻰ﻰ˼Ƕɱﵣضǳְֲɣ̨֮ϣֳʤ
ϵ֮УǿĽϵ֮ǰ֣Сһ̣ҹڤУҲǳ𾪡
˵Уϵߣ˵ﲻơ
ҶһںһôεȾ˵
ãܺãȻΪҹĶ֡Ц㽫Ϊҹӵĵһ֣һǵ㣬Ǽҵڶеɱﵵˣ񣬶ѱˡ
˵еǱ׵˵ϣı󣬰γһѪĹĳ
ѪޱȣȴһѪɫͷ
忴ȥѪԵ쳣ɭ
ǵѪеʱǸѪɫͷȻĻſ֣ݵͷ档
ʱѪ֮ϣһ˿ѪҺڻ֮ϻš
Ѫ˽һĵã𣬵Ǳ޵ʮٱϣϣи׼˵֮󣬽һֱָҶҶֳľϵֳ֮ˮϵ֮ϷŵĽâ
ʹ˿ȥԵӢǷ·
ˣսɡҶһӿת
ҲƴҶϸоһ˿յϢֳѪҲȫתڵû
ݵĲţڹ㳡֮Ŀעӣһζ
㳡ϵˣŪһ죬Ӱ쵽̨ϵˡ
һ̣Ҳʵ
ա½ݷ硢˼ˣǽһģᵽ˺ڡ
һ̣û֪˴˴ν֮˭˭ȥ
ֻಡ졭
Ӱ̨һߣű˴˳ȥ
ɾʱһֱڸ̨֮ϵģӰһΣȻֱӳ˵м䡣
ССĻɫֽƬĵ˫֮ϣ˳ȥ
һţ˹һţҶ
ֽƬڴҶ֮ʱͻȻһַǳϵҶƳ̨
Ҷ빬üͷһ壬ͬʱģ֪˾Ǻ⡣
΢ЦſһۣԺе̬λǰѵһţΪ֮ʹ֮еκһǸʧᣬѾﵽ˳һԴﵽĸ߶ȣݳɾ֮ͣУǺߣȴҲǰ޹ˣҪΪС£ˣǾ̫ϧˣ˵ξƽֽɡ
ֹս
ͻȻԾ̨ȻΪֹս
㳡һڹۿߣΪĵһ仰
һЩߣĵо٣൱Ĳ
Ҷǹˣǻݵǡ
ּ֮սָεȵľĶǡ
Ϊĵʱ̣ľȻ˳
ǲŭ
ǹ㳡ˣβҲǲұ
Ҫ֪ˣġ
ľ񽳵ϯͽͷȴ׿ģ
ҲãҪΪ£˱ǱߵˣָҪķ粨ˡҩǵĳһ̣Ҳͬĵ顣
гͷҩǵһڳϣȻҲ׷ױ̬ⳡټȥˡ
ϾղҲ˵ˣڸԵĹǶշġ
ⳡϷ⣬ǿɾΥŴȾٰĳˡ
̨֮ϣҲΪĵĲ룬ž
Ҷ빬̨һߣ˴ӡ
ȴһ΢Цˣϣ˾ֹסΪҲ֪Ҷ빬ƴȥһĺ
սֹɣͻȻѪһգȴǿ˿ڡ
Ҷԣ˹һۡ
Ҳ֪ĵʵȷʵǷǳ˵ġ
ղŶԷǱѪȡһ˲䣬ҶҲܵĸܵһ˿Σ
ԹϵѪһͨķǰ򵥣Ӧһλڷ֮ϵıС
ҶȫܸоһѪ̺֮ĿֲѪɷ֮
ҶҲһԼһܣҲӦòڶԷѪ֮¡
ҶԼսžŵġ
ٺ٣λɶǲ˽ܣȷʵûҪΪһСС׾ԡʱҲվ˵עУҲһ̨Ҷ빬λյһϾս̶ȣҲԱ˴˵ı£һ˽⣬ٶɺܻܾˣȫûҪ顣
ȻУʵƫҶһЩġ
Ȼҩݵ̨֮ϣҶҩϵĽƣ빬ƾС
ɱϾ˼һʦŰ벽սҶֻһλʿ
һභУҶܵĿԣҪȹ˲١
ҶţǵòײҵһֲҪľз⡣
ڳˣţֻҪҶͻʦ֮ʱ򣬾һȹ
Ҷ֮ǰָ߸ϵļӣͬԼĴڣȴҲûԷƴˡ
뵽˹һۣŵͷȻֶ˵ˣټȥ̫ûˡ
ãҶֹͬսͺáҶһ΢Ц䶷ȻΣգĶûʲôΣ˰ɡҶ֮ǰʱһ·նߴĲУ֮ϣûһ֮УɣǼȻ䶷Ķɡ
˵ҶЦҳҶϵ츳ȷʵңĵϣȴҪ˲֪֪ҶȤûУ
ȻҶüˡ
ɵôˣҶȷʵûɾܾ
ģĶϣѹҶһͷˡ
عԼҲҶ̨䶷ףҲûʮɵİտʤҶ
еѪǳˣҶһ֮ƣͬеһ˿
Լһʦҩݵ̨ϣСİܸҶҲ̫ԩˡ
䶷¹Ķȴֻ¹ˡ
Լһʮ㡣
ţֻҪҶҴӦĶһԽԷ
Ҷǲ֪е뷨ڣܲӦ
ȻҪĶҲΨз㵽ˡҶȻ㳡


211 ˻
䶷ûԲֳܷ˭˭͡
ĶôҲָܷ˰ɡ
һ̣֮ǰгźĹߣٴȫź
ź˲ϯ㳡
䶷ȻʣĶҲİ
Ķ
Ķ
Ķ

ֳһƬ
ͬ˳һźŹ㳡ÿһĽ䡣
ľ񽳵ϯͽļԼ飬ֹͣ䶷Ҳ⡣
ڼȻ˼һһĶֻҪ漰ǾͲʲôˡ
ʵҲ֪Ҷ빬˵ĲΡ
ûֹ֮Ķ̨֮ϣֱѡһطվסվĿ
ĵ̬ȣԵıҪ䵱˴ĶĲС
ĵҪҶ빬Ȼûκ
Ҷͬ⣬˿ҩݵĵʮһԲ̣ҶһۣŵȻҶͬĶǾһ־ʤɣڵʮһԲ̵ҩ̨ϵ㡣
˵꣬һֱӳҩݵĵʮһԲ̡
Ҷü˹һۣҲûԥֱӳ˵ʮһԲ̡
ֻҪԲ̣ζſԵõҩʦĳƺš
ɰ˵ҩʦˣҩʦҲû˵õ
ԵҶ͹ȫʮһԲ̵ʱ򣬹㳡ϵˣٴκ䶯
̨֮ϵһίҲסվ
˵ʮһԲ̣ͨҩ̨ĿˣԵõҩʦƺţζ䱾ԺҲԳΪһҩʦ
ҩʦҩʦݵλŽȻ
ڴҩʦȻҲǳϡ٣ҳ
ҩʦ˵ĵֻ»û˴ﵽ硣
Ĵϣһд˵ȴҲֹƷҩʦ֮
㳡ϵĹڣҶ͹ſԳΪҩʦǱ֮ҲͲסеļˡ
ҩʦζų˵УּҩʦƳʲôĵҩǷЧ
ȴһ֮ʱֵħõ״̬
ħȥӰ˵ƽʱʱ򣬸͸ӦһӦħʱǾѾˡ
ϣ֪жߣħĸţӶС
һҩʦκһɣǳ
һЩǼ֮УҩʦҲǷǳеλˡ
һ˵Ҷ͹ˣǸﵽġ
ɼʶ֮ǰֶεˣȴѡǿı¡
ǾȻֱӳ˵ʮһԲ̵ҩ̨ܳΪ˴Ŵȵίһʺ֮ˣΪŴȵίŴ֮ϣǼţʵ̫ˡ
ȴδҶ빬š
Ŀͨҩ̨ĿˣǴ˴ŴȣؽڴɷǳԶӰ졣оϲͬʱȴҲ̾ѡ
Ҷ͹ˣʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪μŴȵʱҲֹֻڵڰ˸Բ̶ѡ
ȡõĳɾͣڵʱŴϣҲһ䶯
ڸҶȽŴ֮ȡõĳɾͣȴԵ÷ǳЦ
㳡ˣ׺䶯󣬳Ҳ
˿̣ˣŵʮһԲ֮ϵҶ͹
ڴĵ飬ˣǲĿͨҩ̨Ŀˡ
ҶڵʮһԲ֮ϣһߴʮɣԼʮɵĺɫʯ̨
̨Ӧþҩ̨ˡ
ҩ̨Ҳһҩֲ֣ͬĹʡ
ҩ̨пԷߵâ
ıԽãâĵԽ֮࣬൱١
ȻҲʲôˣҩ̨ɢʡ
Ҫҩ̨ɢʣûһʵ
ҩ̨һˣ˵һƣҲù
Ҷҩ̨ѡһλãǰƾճһ֣ҩʼҩѡֻһΣһѡҩģ;Ͳػҩģҩʧܣֱ߽ɨҩݡ
Ҷһʾʱ˹
ֿˣ൱ġ
Ͼˣֻвģſÿߵʵȫӳ
ҶҲ֪ĿУƵҩҺ̫򵥣ʤ
ϾбҶȴûа׼
ܸоĿ⣬ʱɨȻԷһֱעԼߵ
ܵԷĿ⣬ҶҲû̫⣬ֻǱĿɸѡҩ
Ҷ¶һ˿ĪĹâԥҩ̨дԼҩġ
˿̵ĹѾ϶ҶҩһϣӦûʲô裬Ҳû̫Ҷˡ
ȻҶ֮ǰĿУѾȡ÷ǷһĳɾֻͣҪԼʤһô˵УͻһۣǾҶ
ΪȷһʧڵõҩĵʱϢһ䣬ָ֮⣬Ȼðһ϶ֳȵĻ档
棬ɢ¶֮ߣҶĸܵõ
ԼĴһ棬ٴοҶĿ֮Уȴ¶һ˿Ϸʡ
һš
Щ꣬Ѳ֪ٽܳţ̧ͷ
ʣҶҲΪڶ֮һ
˻һﾹȻҲһ˻𣿡оǵϢҶҲһȻһ˻
ҶԸӦԷ˻ƺڵĺ˻𣬻ҪҪǿ
һԼ˻ѵҪҩҺֱƵҩɣ
һ̣Ҫ˵Ҷĵˣ˻Ҳһ𾪡
벻Ȼӵ˻
κһ˻̶ȣ˵ڳˣǳļֵ
˵ڴκε۹֮У˻ֵۣģκһҩߣ֮Ϊ
˻ų֮ĺ䶯ʱ˹㳡ÿһ䡣
ֺ䶯̶ȣҶ͹̨ϵıȶҪ֮
Ĺڣƴǰȥһ˻֮
ǣ̫ˡ
ĶͬһȣһĪı
˻ΪƵҩҺͨƵҩҺͲһεĴڡ
Ҷҩֶβ࣬Ȼӵ˻ĹѾȲʤȯˡ


212 ʤ
˿̣ģҲһ̾һͻȻ֪ΪʲôܳΪĵһˣһֱŵûиˡѰ˴뱲ҲռһЩйԴʵǼûһѾõһ˻˸ˣûѽ
ȻҲֶ𺳵ˡ
βŻعҲǰҡͷ뾪̾
ĵĻȴЦ˶Էһۣŵ֣ϵ˻ӦòֹһɣһʦֺαѰ𡭡
û˿һۣһƵΪǿҲϡг̶ȡϣҵ𣬲ͿУ漰ǳԿ˷أǼʦ˼ңô꣬Ҳ˻𡣶˼ҶԼ˻𣬻ĺܣҲóǹۿ˵Ҫˣȥ˼Ҫֻ棬ֻᱻ˼ʦš
ǸСһǵùû뵽һΪߵ顣ϵһۿҶʱ򣬾ͶкøУҲһֱҶЩƫ̻
ʵǲϣҶڹеġ
ڹ˻𣬶óˣһεĿˣҶѾûκεʤ㡣
θ̨֮ϵίûٷ塣
Щ˴Ҷ͹˽ֹ˵ʣӦòࡣ
Ķ֮Уóһ˻𣬾ǹ˻ƵҩƳҩҺҲҶûһȡʤĿܡ
ϾƵҩҺ书ЧͨԱġ
Ҷҡͷ˿Ҳ׹ΪеҪԼĶˣԭԷӵһ˻
ֲһԼĶʱԵôš
Ҳǣ빬еĶˣҶڳκһߣڿԷó˻ʱֻг˾Ǿ
ӵ˻Ĺ˵ڳһڿߣֻ¾ίϯЩίҲû˿ҩ̨ʤ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôҩߣҪõһˡ
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˵ڼ˻ʱڳ˶ΪҶѾ䶨ˡ
Ͼ֮ǰ˱ֵĶ࣬һӵ˻֮Ĳ࣬˲һԶĵز
Ѿʼ˻Ϊʼҩ̨ҩˡ
ҶȴȻվԭأ˫ĿûκεĶ
ԥԼǲӦͬ˻
ϾһҲ˻𣬾ԼҲ֪ķӦ
һ㣬ҶԿ϶֪Լһ˻ֻͻᱻڶϣһ㣬ΣȻΣյġ
Ҳ׹ĵĵһΪĵһӣڱ£ټ˾һ벽Ը֮У˸Ҵ⡣
֮£ҶıȷʵûжԷۺԼʵҲȷʵԷ
ɣҶȴͻȻ뵽ĶıƴУѹϹһͷԺڵݣֻҲͬһ㡣
ӦҲûˣҴԼɣ
ΨһҪǵ飬ԺԼ뿪Χͷ棬μС
һ汻ʶ˳ѱ˲º֡
ڴϣû˸ҶԵ˶֣ǰĺ֣˭ܷסأ
˵ˣԼ¶Ȼû˶
ұڷ籤뽭ˣֻѾҩⲼã׼ΧɱԼ
Լ˻һ¯ĵҩȷѡ
ΪֻҶŻܵĹע뿴أԺԴҲͬ
뵽ҶЦ
ȷʵһ֮еţ̫ˡ
һ֮еţҶҲñȶԷѷɫ
ΨһҶĵǣһԼƳ˵ҩ֤Լһҩʦ֮󣬵ԼʲôķӦ
Ͼҩʦݣڴĵطʵ̫ˡ
ƺѾû·ˣȻģҶǾԼ뷨ȥ
뵽ҶǽԼҩģύȥ
ҶϲǣҪŸոύȥϾ˽ҩ˹ȥ
ҶҲ˿ϾҪҩģڴĵط治ң浣ĵòԼҪҩġ


213 
СһҪôҩģ׼¯뵤ʲôͻȻվ벻Ҷҩ̨ľٶ
ɻ󣬺ܿͱҶһٶˡ
ٴĿɿڴǣҶУҲһźɫĻ棬ֻ棬Եùֶİ
òһ˻ɡȻоˣǰһУֻһֻþ
˻𣿡ҹڤˣҶָðɫ֮󣬶鲻Խľһ
ΪҩǵľԸ߲㣬ȻԼû˻𣬿Ƕ˻ĸԣǷǳġ
Ҷһų˻𣬸̨ϵһίϾͱ˳
˻ּ˻𡭡ĳˣãԼǲ滹ʸ䵱˵ĲС
ҶҲͷų˻ֳϵĹڣٴλȻ
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Ҫ֪˵ӵ˻ˣҲĸ˶ѡ
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ĶֲҶ˴εҩ̨ϵıȶȡʤ
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ˣʺֳ֮ûһˣᲢۡ
ر֮ǰҶμŴȵЩˣΪҶǵĶ֣оԵԺ
ԼԺ˵뵱꣬Ҳĳĳһͬһ̨Ͼˡ
˼ҲһŵҶȻҶһƽˡ
ٲƽҲиȰ
ôҲû뵽Ҷ뱱ĵһӹ
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ҶҲó˻𣬹ʱɫһ䣬ָһ㽫Լеҩģֱջˡ
ҿӦļʱֵĿ죬ûɱ֡
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ʱ֪Լ֮ǰȷʵСԼˡ
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һӵ˻ҩߣھҩ̨ϵıȶ
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Ҫ˵ûһƣȻܡ
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˵õĶ˻𣬾һܵҩ̨ҩˣԴ󲿷˵һӣҲѵüһ
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ϾҶźҩ֪ʶɹοֻҪհˣҩʱ򣬻Ҫƻ棬ҩĵҩԲ໥ų⡣
һʱ֮ҶѾҩĵᴿûֱֹͣӿʼҩҺ
СһٶͦİʼҩҺˡʱ󲿷ֵעҶϣԶҶκνչǳ
ҹڤ΢΢һЦҲֻעǸСһӵַҲǳҲ˰ɣû뵽ҩֶΣȻ˸Ҳۼ
Ҳ˵ͷǰ˵йѣСʱʱһˣǸ˵Уѧһ׵ı¡ԭһΪЩֻҥһֱ̫ţڿʮа˾ģΪǱһҩʦֻҲ
һڱȷʵһ档
˵ʣ˵ĻҲǳġ
ʱҶȴ׼ΪҩΡ
̣ãһε־ϱ¯֮УҶĸо¯ҩڲϵķֽ顣
ڱ˿ƺ̣ǳ档
ֻҶԼ֪̣˵ǶôѰ
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ĹУֻҪвͿǰ
ʱ˼ְգҲò񷴸š


214 ʦ
ʱ䣬һһȥ
̨֮ϵίѾЩҶΪˡ
֮ǰںʮҩģҲûϰ
ʱĹѾҩĵᴿҲʼ˻Ϊҩˡ
ʱȫľ񣬶ѾȫԼƵĵҩ֮У֪ڲΪؼʱ
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ʱҶڲϷֽװҩҺǿһ¯ҩͱˡ
ڵ֮Ʈһ˿ʱҶһлȻʡ
ʱһЩ飬ִ̫ţὫ̬һȫ෴ķ
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Ҳһĵ˵ͷ˴αȶĽѾԶˣǸСһͬҩʧܣڳ벽ϣѾʤˡ
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һΪҲǴﵽʦ֮ˣڳˣʶǾǱĹʦ


215 Ȼǽ
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ΪСӣûҲˣҪ֪ΪҲһˡɨ˹һۣ΢΢̧֣˱˱ȭһЦֶ֣ܵλͬܿڹĳϣСӼƽϣĳͽСӴر
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οԼԺ󣬻ҪȥҶϼ
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˵֮ûṬ빬תԾ֮ϣһֻ޵֮ϣת֮䣬û֮УӰ
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ʱҩǵĳҹڤͻȻվ֮㳡


216 
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Ҷ˼ıӰҲ΢΢һ˼ڴŮЩ಻סԷˡ
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ܿͽˮ»˻У̫ϳϴϢǰȥĪнӦƺʲô鷳
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ҶԲ²뺮ҹڤʲô뿪ʱͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲԶķҶڵҡ
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˵̨ϣңֻ뺮ҹڤ֪Ҳֻǲʸ
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뵽Ҷһæ֮һܴȥ
ңǿһⷿŷʮܣ涼˹ż
֮УֻҶһԵúǼž
˳ҪûŪԷ֮ǰҶԼڰй۲һ˵Ͼˣʵ̫ˡ
ŹһӣͼһȫѪ˺۵ѮߣͻȻ֮С
ϣҶʶҲ֪Էʲô
ֻһƣͿԿϵݣȻͬһ㡣
߽֮󣬽Ųԣɫһ·ײײ˴Źż֮
ߵʮǰʱ壬ͻȻһһΣֱӵȥ
ʱѴӻͳһľӣܵĵײƿһʯ壬ǸľУʯ֮¡
½ʯŻԭλ֮ŷܣѵĳҵĴŴȥ
ŬϣΪ̫ϳϣ˵֮ٻֺαطҪմ㲻ܴĶأһǳҵ⴫
ֻ䡱һ죬ҵĴţֱӱһ߱
ľмƮ֮Уһ۵ˣҵĴ֮
ȴһǳݵˣϵϣ㱩֮֮Уȴ͸¶һѪЦ
ϴһϮֳۣһȨȣ֡
ȨȣֻеˣͿԿĲ
ֳȨȵԺ֮ǰǸһ߱Ҵŵˣȴǹ˵˴ϵ
Ȼ֮䣬ֳȨȵΪ


217 
ϼһδãǸ˵ߵ󣬵Įɨ˵̫ϳϣҲǳŬһۣŹԱǸߣǫʾ
ΪߣüͷһѾ࣬ٵ̫ϳϳŬϣҡͷ΢̾ܵǼҲΪǳ޺ɭһȫʬɣ
ǣ޺ɭǹӦһͻȻһͬһ㣬ͳѾû˿֮Ŭǰ棬ֻһĳ
ҶֻһѪ֮У̫ϳϳŬϵԴյбը˿
Ϊ̫ϳϣλԺޱȵĳŬϣϢĵѪ֮С
޺ɭͷһ촽Ŷ£ڳŬϵϣϸ
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ⲻܣõǼǾһֱ׷һ·֮ϣǲܽתƵģֳȨȵߣ޺ɭĻҲɫ䡣
ֻеȨһӣֻǳŬϵʬ˰֮С
һŬϵʬ壬ͱǸڰ֮Уʼ⻯
һƬƬѪ֮Уҩ̫ϳϵĶȫ˳
ȻҲûҵѰҵĶ
Ҷӵܺ棬ǰһĻķǳ
û뵽һ̫ϳϣ˵ɱɱˡ
ո޺ɭƵʱչֵƣѾһǼʦˡ
ǣһ߸ϵľǼʦŰ벽սĴڣȻǸֳȨȵ𾴣ūͶԴһ
˵ʲô
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Ҷڱ˺ˣ֮Уǡÿ˰ֳҪ˵ţֻû˻š
Ҷ̬һ̣ĶҲķǳ
ȻϣǾֻпܲˣֳȨȵߣŬ֮֫һ䣬ȻеȨһӣֻһǿľϮ
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ǰμӴ˴Ŵȵѡ֣֪ûͨܵһҶ壬ܲһºţҽ뵤֪ҵ˰죬ҶҲûŵţ˯ˣҪǸղűһŪѣָҪ˯ʲôʱˣǸʱ䲻ˣҶ岻ˣҪʲô飬ˡ
ҶӵվϵĻҳһո˯ģһŴŹſȥ
˶ԼľٶûʲôӦҶʱӿĲ
ȵҵĴţҶ޲õٶȣʱٶ£汼ȥ
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Լֻڳ˳Ȼˡ
ܣΪҹζ࣬뿪̨Ϊ
ٺ٣СһﻹеȤζҪǱҪҪú޺ɭȥ·ɣҶӰʧǰֳ֮ȨȵߣŵЦĳվԱߵ޺ɭ֡
޺ɭǸ߿֮ʣѾҶȥ
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ʱҶȴڶԷ׷»
ԣ˿ҶԺеͷתǳ֮졣
ڲסı;УβܱסԼС
ȻԷӲƴǾ
֮ǰ̫ϳϣ˵УҶȻţҲûŵäĿĳ̶ȡ
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ҶԽԽԶоֻҪԼ̨ܵıԵȻֱȥܱסһС
֪ҪҪӽ̨Եʱһƿ֮ȻҶֻϱʲôػһ£ˣƲһ㣬׷˳ȥ
һֱ׷ʮ׵ľ룬ŴӰ֮׹ݺ˸ְ֮ϣˤͷǣǹ
Сһ·ɣ·ܸϵϺͳŬ飡޺ɭȴһ˿ЦһӣһâȻ֮γһֻצȻҶץ
һҶľǰδеļУתԷľצոץ֮ʣҶ˫ڵһţٿصһ£Աһȥ
䡱һ
м֮䣬޺ɭľצŵľ˵ƻֱҶԭµĵط
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ҪǸղҶüʱ˿ǻڡ
ģӸ޳𣬽ԹΪʲôҪɱӣҶ쳣Ķ˶Էıɱһ˿Щѳɷмĸְ壬澪ޱȣû뵽޺ɭʦȻ˿ֲ
Ҷҿ϶뺮ҹڤҲܲ˵Ķ֡
뵽һʦԵ޹ʣҪɱԼҶУŭա
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޺ɭ˵ſϧĻֵ£ȴޱȣû˼
һԱߵļʵ壬ȻȻҶ
ÿһַ˵ҲмǧҪǱУֻ·ˡ
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ֻ֣΢΢Ҷıһ£ֻһɷǳҵ˲Ҷ֮С
˲䣬Ҷ壬ãٴ׷˳ȥ
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218 Ƥ
СһﻹѸ㣬ҪѾﵽ˰벽֮Ҫɱ治ôˣаţһλʿȻҪӳȫɱ
˵޺ɭȻɨһЩҶĸְ壬ûڼ飬ŵƮȻȥ
ƺ϶ҶѾȥˡ
ҲǣҶֻǸλʿ벽ȫһֱ˶ĸְУˣȻǱɵˡ
޺ɭ뿪֮طûκεĶ
ʲô飬Ҳûһ
ҶҲΪԼɣ˭֪ЩְʱγһεĿռ䡣
һҶûְУܺõıЩְ屣
Ҷƿְ壬ȥ޺ɭĵʱȴͻȻ޺ɭȻɨһѸְһۣƮȻȥˡ
һĻҶ΢΢һͬʱҲ˹ԷһΪԼѾûлĿܣҲٶּˡ
˵ˣԼһСҲô޺ֵԶԷŻ°ɡ
һҶæסϵϢſڸְγɵĹοռ֮Уһ
ֱȷ޺ɭѾԶ֮ҶŴְϣ˳
ְѵҶڵ֮ϣһʿ⽫޺ɭǸֳȨȵͷͬǵʮ˴ʺһ顣
˸ְѵҶȴҡ
ֱ˽ʱҶǿƣڳҵķȥ
ϲ֮ǰŬϲʯ֮µǸľУӦþ޺ɭǸҪҵĶ
Ҳ֪ǸľбҵûУвʵҶǾȥһ¡
ٴλصҵʱ޺ɭǸߣѾ뿪ˡ
֮УЩޱȵܣֻʣ³Ŭһ߱֫ʬ壬ܣɢŨѪ֮
ص֮Ҷڱһ£оһǳ˵צӡѪҶԼӣԺлᣬһҪһ
ҶҵŬϲضǰСƿܣ̬ЩǸˣٴ
ƿ֮ҶСĽǿʯóǸľӡ
֣ȴǳĺܣмʮء
һľӣȴ˳أҲ֪浽װʲô
뵽Ҷʱľд˿ȴУһС
Ҷóҡҡһ󡰶塱СĶһȴʱһСѰӡ
ĪԪ飡Ҷֻ֪Ԫ쳯ͨõӲңӲң֮У֡
Ҷ磬ҲЩˣȴҲֻ˵Ԫ飬ȴû
Ԫ飬֮ܳΪ쳯ͨûң̺һַǳֱӹա
쳯֮УԪļǮ͸ϵĻƽࡣ
һöԪ飬ٿԽöҡ
һöԪ飬֮ӦһҶȻиܵһַǳصӣԪˡ
뵽ҶһԪʱ˵֮УʱԪǳˬʱٶȣҪƽʱ˲١
ҶãֻҪ㹻Ԫ飬ڼ֮ڣͻʦ֮
ϧ쳯֮УҪԪ飬Ҳһ׵顣
ǰһСԪ飬Ҳֻаö֮
㽫ЩԪȫɾҲֻͻһС磬ҪһöԪ飬ͻʦ֮ȻǼܵ顣
˵ˣԺȥ쳯ЩԪ飬õϣԴ˿̣Ȼ
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ԣ֮ǰ׷ɱŬϣӦòΪԪ顣
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뵽Ҷɽעľ֮еİƤϡ
ҶעļУǱ۵İƤ飬˿̣ƺɢһԲĵ׹⡣
һ׹⣬ǳĵޡ
ҶΪǻþʱȴͻȻоľ֮УͻȻһͶϢ
Ϣ˳ҶĿ⣬ֱҪҶԺ֮С
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˫һգֵĸоҲʧˡ
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Ҷ˺һ£Ƥȴ˿
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ġطġĹġĹġ
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Ȼ֪һʲô飬ֻЩģҲ֪֮ˡ
ʱҶΪʲô޺ɭǸͷҪˡ
һ޼֮
Ҳ֪̫ϳϣΪɱ֮ˡ
ⱾƤ飬ʲô˵õֻҪй¶Ϣܾһѡ
Ҷ򿪰Ƥĵһƪ£ϸ˿ȴһЩķš
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һ㣬ϴҩԲ̵ײЩ֣ȴͬһܡ
ҶԭΪƾԼйĿⱾƤķȫӦһǳ׵顣
ȵƤ飬ʼŵʱ֪Լ̫ˡ
ҪⱾƤ飬ͬ򵥣ŬҲΪ֮ˡ
ⱾƤգҲ֪ǺдķţǹޱȣĹĿ֮ûаЧ
ĹĿ֮ʧЧˣҪסţҲ˼ܵ顣
ƤһҳȻϸĶһ֮Ժ֮УֻҪҶһ۾ٴȥʱԺ֮УȻȫһƬհס
ǰһ̻סķţһ̣ͳͳˣһҲǲ
ǹ֮


219 ԯ
ҶаһΣһΣ÷ǳСģƤϵһҳģһһ飬ȻԲ֮ٴαۻԺ֮УʱֱһƬհףһҲûס
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һΣֻ̰࣬һƤ֮еķţΪ˽һ䣬ָڵϿ̳š
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ʱҶ֮ǰ·ŵĵطѻָԭʲôҲûһ
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Ҷһᣬס֮󣬾ͷеİƤ飬һ߲ظ䣬һָ߲չ⼸š
һһļ䣬һֱĹգһֱʮӣҶ۾
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Ҷã±䣬ӦøԼʶеһƤйء
뵽ҶͻȻһǾ뿪ҩǡ
֪Ҫ˵֪Ƥ鱻õˣֻ³̫ϳϣҪҡ
뵽Ҷæʰһ£̨ҩǵǱȥ
ǣҩǵĳŴʱȴĳѾرˡ
ҸҶȵǣǳǽ֮ϣҲ¼ʿѲš
£ԼԵ͵ǣǿдǣȻһôܵ顣
ҶаƵʱ򣬺ȻһĽŲһӺ¼ʿ˹
ԭҶһҡһ¼ʿҶһ񣬲ſڵ֮Ҷӵķܲʽʱ򣬻л˴Ŵȵǰʮѡ֣ͬҶһȥݼ


220 ԵĲ
ĵҪңҶüͷһ壬˳ŴػһֿۣߵЩ¼ʿһۣ˵ʵ治ϡʲôƨĲˡ
ⵤƣǰ׳գҲ֪ڲһ˱ʡ
£ҶΨһ뷨ξ뿪Ƿ֮ء
бڵ뷨ͱ׵צȥˡ
˼ҵƣ治ܲȥܲ⡣
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ûĲ⣬ô죬λǰ·ɡҶһЦֳĴ⣬ܵõĲ⣬Ѿõһ㡣
Ҷеʵ뷨ȴţֻӦǸĵ
ٺ٣﹧ϲҶˣԺҪǷˣɲǰһں¼ʿԣһֺҶǹǰ·
ǣҶаߵҪЩһﵲԶˣӹǣôȥҶжЩ·ĺ¼ʿ޵ġ
ҶȴҲᵱЩ¼ʿ΢Цû⣬ҪСԺ󷢴ˣǻлõҹյġ
Ҷһ֡աɷһ֡աԾһں¼ʿ
ҩǣѪɽ塣
Ѫɽһͨɽ壬ֻ֮ߣ˷壬ȴԳ걻һֺɫס
˿̣ɽ֮Ѿۼʮˡ
ЩˣǴ˴Ŵȵǰʮ
Ҷȴһִˡ
Ҷִɽϵˣ˹
ЩڿҶʱĿ֮У֮Ľ֮ĽҲ֮
ЩĿ⣬Ҷȴû̫⡣
Ҷֻеյ˵ͷ
ʱգȻָҪȻҲǲǰܼӲʽˣ
ڿҶʱҲǰ˵ͷ¶һǳм
֪֮ǰ̨ϣҪҶ֣˿˵ǰμӲʽˣֻ¾ܷסһ
ԶҶȴĺǸм
˶ӦѾ˰ɣʱһǳϤӰ˵֮УһۣŽߣľʦĪ
Ȼ֮ǰŴ֮ϣѹҶ˿̿Ҷȴûа㷴Ӧ
ϸһ֮󣬲ڵȻҶѾˣҴλȥ֮أλСĵĸ󡣼סǰ֮ص·;֮УǶСĵһ㣬ĴҴػ֮صĻɱǾˣҲǰû˻Ϊֻع
Īգи飬ѯһ㡣ҶʱͻȻǰȻĪǰЦǸͽŴȵʱ򣬾ͲӰ֪ȥˣ
ͽ鷳⻰ĪüͷҲ΢΢Ҷڵݣɷͬһˡ
ֻĲϣĪԺڵУҲҪҶһͷ
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һϸѲ飬ҶɲԼܱסƤܡ
Ҷϣ˴ܵĲʽԼͷײ


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ڴûĿֲʵҪϵĸλǸܵ顣
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ţȥ׼ɡһһ䣬Ѫ֮Уû졣


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ɱľ֮Ҷ̧ͷһ۴棬ûע֮Խľʬ崦һ뿪
ڵץʱˣҪ֪ľԼϣõĵ֪Լ壬ߣɾˡ
Щ÷ǳͨ͸Ҷô
ĵٰŴȣʮа˾ţΪѰѪū
ңǴģҶҲ
ΪǰƤ飬Ԫ֮塣
һǿɶҪ飡
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Ϊѵǣǽ棬Ŵİ¼ʿѲš
żܿһЩʦĴڣС
˵Ǳ䱸ɭϳ̶ȣǳҶ
ĴѲӵļʿǳĬѲӵķΧѲķǳϸ
ҶԿ϶Ҫ˶ãľɱϢֻºܿͻᱻ˲鵽
ҶϢûй¶֮ǰ뿪Ǳ


224 
ʱҶǰ棬мֵļʿڱ˴˽̸š
Ҫֵļʿƽʱ򣬶Ƿǳɵġ
Ǿһϵر飬ʲôġ
ǶԵǱķǿʱ۵Ļ⡣
ǵҲչʮ˰ɣ治֪ʲôͨȻҪôõĹأΪ˵ߴţѲӳǱʱ򣬿һ㶼ġ
ʿһ䣬мһӣЩˮһߺžƣһ߱˴̸Ц
ʵҲֻѲһ¶ѣҪ淢ǿǱֵģɲЩˣˡһ¼ʿ˵ָһ³ǱĵĽ
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Щʿ̸Ҷȴ֪ԼҪӲȥǸܵ飡
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Ҷ֪Ǳ֮УǶӳҲΪԼŶԡ
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Լֻ΢ºӣⵤĵͬԼ뿪
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չĻҶ飬ɱüΪ
ĲԸȥĵ
£Լȥһµĵֻǰչһأ͹ˡ
ҲֻһһˣҶаԽչ涼ʺһ飬ӲͷƤȻ˿Сӣھȥܲɡ
ٺ٣ǾҶ߰ɡչҶ̬ȣǳ⣬ҶǱȥ
ԽǱߣҲԽɭϡ
Ҷߵһ֮ϣѲߵļʿȴ洦ɼ
ҪֻǴ粽С
Űչ·һ·֮Ѳӵļʿȴûǰ̲ǵ˼
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ڸۡŵߣ޴ʯʹô֮ƣ൱Ĳ
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ȵߣֲŸĻܣ˱ǡ
ڵҶûͻ˼


225 ı
ȵľͷһ
չߵ֮У㹪ҶӵˣǷټ
Ҷüͷһ
ҲûΣҶĵһ°ɣصܿͻġչҶȴǻͷ΢Ц¡
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Ϊ֮УȻŵ˷ǳŨѪ֮
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Ҷ֪ԼĸоƭԼط治һƵء
ɢһŵϢ
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ҶеҪڰչ벽ļ£ԼȫҲһӵ
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ԽΣգԼԽʧ˷ִ硣
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ȥȴֻһ취
ǾǵʱԼƤ飬򵤵ĵ̹ԼԪ֮塣
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ˣǿʲôͷҲûˡ
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ԭǳǱĽˡҶҲòϣչķӦǷǳǿģַ˼飬ȻҲܱҵɡ
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εĶԸӵǿңһ̣ǿҡ
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չɫ䣬ʱȻ֪ʲô飬ôҲ벻ѱסˣȻʱ˴Ķ
ҲҶдϲʱߣʱ
ɾҶŴ˴ηң͵͵ߵʱ
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չȴͻȻҶǰҶ΢ЦǱĪĸ֣ǿѾҵĺܣΪҶӵİȫ㻹ǲҪ뿪ĺá
ҶüŵԼǰİչ֪ʱԼֻҪ˵֣һᱻԷǿѹ
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Ͼһ·ϣԼΪչǳġ
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ҳԼȫٵȵȣһұʱԼٶ֣Ҳǲ١
ʱһǳɭͻȻӴĺ洫С㣬û뵽㾹ȻԴѪ֮У
һΪɭҶתԶȥ
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ڻ԰룬һ޴ĿӶ
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ȻǴǸص׵֮Уһ·򵽵ġ
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ܣôĹȻҶԱ֣ͲΪ֮֡л԰һ̳֮ϣһֳȨȵߣȻЩѪеȨȣȴ˿˿âȫµƣ˼㡣
ٺ٣ҲŻˣֻҪɱˣ˭֪ڵһߺŵˣ͸һɽ档
һͷĺɫʹһַǳ߹ĸо
ŵıУȻһߣʺѪݣ
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ԣһЦܲɱ㣬ֻд֪֮˻һ꣬һеĺɫݡ
ֻһƮƮĻӳһȦĺɫƣ˷ȥ
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ȨɫĲഥֻ֮ǱȨһҵĲ֮һ죬Ȩ棬Ѻۡ
һ죬еȨȣ÷ˡ
ֻһУȻԷıУ״ݻˡ
ҶҲһ𺳣û뵽ĵȻ˱ֻ̬һУʹݻеıС
ǿ϶ǣеıУԲͨıУ飬ϴιѪһȻҲһͬķ
һ֮£ȻԴݻ٣ݲҶ𾪡
ѵѾﵽĳ̶ȣıУҲš
֮ǰΪԼˣԲűԷûѪ֮УԵѪεʱΪԼȫĮӶܡ
ˣƾʵȻԷһУûܵס
ʱչҲǽȫ񣬶Ͷս֮ϡ
붫սİ벽ױȵ
ܴǵսͻ֮İأһ־޴ջ
ҿѪһ츳ͨѪݻһССķΪ𣿡ܲмڣԼһƵԷȨȣһȻ顣
ϣһֱȥһߣ廯һɫӰ˲㻮գȥ
ܣûôס˫һû˿ԥ׷ȥ
ҶȴһʱٲӣɾҲûлˣ
뵽ҶһΣͻأģˣͻһӰʧԭء


226 һ
һֱעŶսİչعͷҪҶһȥ֮ʱȴͻȻҶȻˣ
ȥˣչһʱûعΪҶһܵǰȥۿսȥˡ
ͻعҶˣǾԲûӵ顣
Ͼսನ˵ҶһλʿˣչҲǳܲˡ
ҶԲ׷ȥսΪûǿػһλʿȥۿսȫ
ҶȥսˣôͻȻ뿪
뵽չͻȻһ˲˹ˣһӸղŵսУʲôԾĵط
һ㣬չȵţû˭Ҳܳǡ
չһ£Ǳʱ˸߶Ƚ֮С
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չ뿪֮ǰЩ¼ʿҲһ뿪˷ȥ
һᣬ˴ͻָƽ
ɾ뿪ãһķ֮УͻȻðһͷǻĲ鿴һܵĻҶѡһȫչ෴ķǱȥ
׻˵ȫĵطΣյĵط
ҶǾڶԷϵʱǱ֮Ϊ
Ȼʱ򣬲мʿ˳ȥֻһǾ׷Ҷ
Щȴǲ֪Ҫ׷ˣû뿪Ǳ
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ö֪ҶԼƤˣԶܵƢһ׷Ź
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ǾҶųȥʱȴɫһ䣬ΪоǰһӰֱӳ
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ûȵһӰӽʱڣҶæطתƣѾˡ
˵ʵֶ̫࣬ΣҲ֮ǰİչԱġ
СһƤ֮࣬øʵһ㡣һЦֱ֮ҶĶ漴һѪɫӰ˲Ҷǰ
Ӱٶȣʵ̫ˣ֪ҪҶ˶ٱ
ҶȻ֮ʣ̧ͷȥȴʧ
ûаԥһ㿪ʼںϣԴУɲҶԸ񣬾ԶĴڣҲ֮һ
ںϣҶϣʱ˼ı仯
ϵ·ӵűţıȴǳһǳ磬Щȴճһǳصͼڡ
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Ѫһ䣬Ѫ˿γɵѪʱҶţҶƻʱ;زۡ
㵽ôҶȫһᣬԼѪҲûа׷ˣȻһԼĶܡ
ȴûҶʻһ㣬ֱҶıҶǸͼڣüͷû뵽СӵͷǸߵϼһ󣬾ʮĺӵܡ
˵⻰ʱҶȻӶܵĻУһ˿֮
Ҷȴɻ˵ʮ壿
ڶܵһҶȴûס
ȴǴӶܵĻˣƺЩ˼ݡ
СӣܸܲҲ֪Ҫɱ㣬練Ƶ飬ֻҪӦһҲɱ㣬ΪҵĵһΣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬶ܵºࡣ
ҶǾŶܵҪҴӦһʲô
ɣ֮ǰЩᣬǺúý̸һ¡ҶһܾȻѪһգתͳҶ֮ǰķȥ
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ԷѪѾ˷ӣԼȫҶߣԼмֻ᣿
ܼҶû֪뷨վſڣͷҶһۣЦЦڵʵӳǱҪɱ㣬Ҳһǳ׵飬Ҫǲţԡ
㵽ҪҴӦһʲôҶȴվԭûŶԷȻ˿ڡ
ܺǾҶһۣ漴΢Ц̸֮ǰøңôˣǲǻʸΪ㶯һţ
ţҶиǴ㵣ʣǺֻǰػʸʱʫʫ
ֵ˾ȣѵ֪ʲôţ˵΢Ϊʸĺӵܣǲ֪ܲŵģĪǻʸĺӵܣ
ǲǻʸˣӦñҸ֮Աֵ˾ȣô֪ţΪ֪ڴǸûŵģУڴֻҲûǸԶš
ҶʱҲ˵ԼǻʸĺӵܣǰһǸɱ˲գ۵ħͷһȷԼǻʸĺӵܣҶﻹл·
ԭˡܺЦͼڣڻʸ壬Ҳ˶ӵУһӵͼڣضǻʸĺӵܣһ㣬ҵȥɡΪʲô֪ţΪԵʱҼһţ˵ȻԽ˲䴫͵ԶĵطÿһΣҪľ޴쳯֮УҲΨЩǼϵţÿһţȻģǳϡ١һʹƣһ˵ÿһţŶֻʹʮΣһʹôõޣžͻԶɢʧ֮䡣һ£쳯ǼϵǱҪҲǲ׶ŵģûʸΪ㶯ţ϶ǻʸǳĵԣ϶ͷ϶Ǹͷ󡣡
ܶԼƶϣԵúǺš
ҶܵĽ˵׺ΪţԭһֿԽԶ봫͵Ķ


227 뿪
Ūһ֮ҶȴҡͷҲŴ͹ģǸżڴʱ籩طġ
㾹ȻǱ籩ģܺо쿴Ҷһۣŵ˵ͷСӻ治һ㰡籩ȻܻϿ϶Ųٻʸıɡϵͼڣ֮צͼڣڻʸУҲǷǳټģСӦòǻʸɡ
ô࣬ʲôҶʱҲ˳ƣһ֮ӶܵĻУǿԷƺʲô飬ҪԼ
ŶӦҪԼǸĪ޵ġʸ塱ܿҶı飬û⣬һЦСӣ㾡ܷģǲǻʸˣǿϵǸͼԼϻҿѪһϵӵܵԴҲɱġ
ǿѪһϵӵܵԴҶһɻɶԴ
ǿѪһе츳ͨ˵Ҳס˵ܺǸӵҶǰǲǽӴˣ
ˣ
ҶУ˲仮йضεִѶϢ
ŮˣԼػʸʱ·ϷɱԼԼƷ֮󣬾Ϳ˶Էˡ
ܿеġԴӦ붫йˡ
㣬ҶУ˿
û뵽ǸϼһȻңˣǸϼһ˻ȥǵֻڽˡ
⻰ר˵Ҷġ
Ҷ֮ȴһȻŶܵҪҳⵤңĳԹ
ֻ¾Сӳ棬ңˣҲδػʡܴЦ˴ѣǵ޷ȥˣԣֻһ飡
˵ܵҲͳ
ҶΪԷҪң뵤飬֪ȴǣ뵽ҶȴƵûٴοڡ
ʵұҲǶһϵӵܡ˵֮ܵУӹһ˿ãƺ䵽ȥһЩǳõ飬ţȴһѵĸ̾ҪΪǼ£Ҳʲôĵˡ
ǶˣҶɻѯʵģ
˵ҾͲ˵ˡܿҶһ۵ӦźܶܣΪȻҲЩ͸㣬һ뵽ǻʸеܣҲӦõġ
˵ǳϿҵҶеڶ֮УʵһһŮжʫ꣬ӦѾʮˣԺǻصʸţϣȥչһҵŮΪҵ飬Ůڶ壬һ൱Ĳס
֮ԲɱңΪչŮҶܾȡ
ұǿѪһĻӵܣֻǺѪһ巢ңҲòԼŮѪһأֻĹУһЩ⣬ʹŵʧԼŮӲ˴δ٣ŮͿǿѪһ֮УΨһѪˣΪ飬Ϊ˻һҪԼŮ
˵ʱ򣬶ܵϣǻָƽҶȴǿζеİ֮⡣
ܾΪĵֻҲ޷ػ쳯ء
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Ҷȴ΢ֻܱ֤ҵ쳯أȥѰŮܲҵȴҶŵϾҲ֪쳯أҪѰһˣڴ롣
Ҳ̾һŮʣ˵ǿѪһ֮УΪĴڣҪû⣬һΪӦˡ
˵΢΢ͣһ£ŵİɣûҵŮҲģ֮£Ҳֻиѡ
ͺáҶЩˣһ˿ˣǻҲỵȥ
ѵԼ˴ˡ
ȴûҶ˼һѪ񽻵ҶУŵȻһЦһԺŮֻҪ㽫øһġ
˵ţҲҶı飬һѽѪҶУҶ߰ɣҾȥңⵤֻҲߵͷˡ
ҶȴǱֳû˵Ŷܣһ·ųȥ
˿̵ĳǱ֮УʿѲţǸ֪Ѽ
ҪȥչȼߣʱȴǸ˹ǹ˶ܡ
ҳȥһ£ܿͻмִϵԱһ֮Ҫ´˵仰Ҷ߳˳š
Сһﵽʲôˣչˣ໥һۣȴһɻ
ǿܿǴ۷ɾȻҶ̬ƣֺá
⣬治˼顣
ҶڶܵĻ£˳뿪˵
ҶͳҩǺ󣬶ٴҶŮ飬Ⱦȥˡ
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ûϴĻʹңǸңȻᶯ֡
ڴô꣬Ҳңġ
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飬Ҷɲȥ
ȥҶϼ·ͷϾҶϼλ۹磬㵤ңսټҲӵ۹
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228 Ҷ
۹ҶǣֳҶϳǡ
˳ȻֻһǼĳǳأ۹ʷϣҲ൱ĳ֮һ
ֻΪ˳֮УȺֹһҩʦ
ͨĳɵһµĳнй㳡ɨĿһɰ޺һƬ
Ҷһ·֮ٷ⣬ڸ۹·;ϣҡһ䣬Ϊһ
һķ˼ӣһ·ϣʱһˣǰ˵׷ɱ
ʱһ·ʶǣһò޳еϡ
˳ƻҫ£һûҹĳС
Ҷϼ壬ͽΪĵش
ʱҶǸ˳ǣ֮УҶǣ㿴߰˸ƾɵ޳Χ
һˣǸʮ꣬һϮֽȣɫЩƣ·鸡ǱɫͿ
ǵɨҶһۣҶߵȻһЦղôһͽܣģ̫ãԼһæ
ϵʱɫЩף˿˵ʻиǻֲ̿ЦŪˣλСС϶ͽܣֻǴС϶һ˳糵
ǸЦһЩмӹǲͽܣ򣬾͵ҺڴǶµĹأйأҪǱЩƱĻΧˣǿһ൱鷳鰡
Է˵Ҷ֪ԭϡձѡĻˣüͷ⳵϶Ǵũõߣ㱻лʲôˣ鷳һãĪǵĵ
ϵɫһ䣬ҶǻæǰҪڴŲǣȴںڴǼƤѾǰҶΧ
ϵ˸ǱһƵ޳һߡ
һĻ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһ
֪ԼʱΪҶ룬䲻úãܸӼЩ˵ԣɽĵĻ˻ȥΪҶЩ
ڴ˽Ҷ·֮´ҶһᣬٺһЦСӣģĹذɣүҽãмٸȥϷ컹ȷʵͦʱģүҲСһƽˣ⳵ϵĻҪһЩһö˱ѡһӿɲǵĶǸٰʮ
ϵд󼱣Щߣ˵ֻ˵ÿһĲϣ͵ģͲֹʮö˱ңҪ汻ڴһͭǮһȫߣǿѪ޹ˡ
һ¶ͷðˮǿжԺڴǵη壬ǰүЩ߲СϷһ˵ģлСϷг۵ģÿһߣĶô£Ҳף
ڴҡֽȣӹԱһµĲ豭ĺ˲ϵĿ޶á
Ҷȴ΢΢һЦǰϵȰ˵ϵ˼ҼȻĶɡ
Ҷʶ࣬ڴǶپȤЦҶСӵ֮٣үұ궫֮ٸһĽѵˣӿļͷ¾ˡ
ʱǼһųϵߣһǳ֣Ǯ
Ҫ֪ʱ۹Ͻ˽ԴũõƽߣеأϽ
һȻϡΪϡ٣۸񱬳ʱһũߣҪ˱Ҳܹá
ڴǿЩߣҲϲѣŽһ£ƳɱУתЩ̻֮ҵĻ׬Ǯ
һеߣȫ˳һٶʮж硢ҡũΪ
ȻҲһЩõĸͷ뿳
Щɫߣڴз⣬ֽһϣԵһСһö˱ңϵǰһףͬʱЦǺүȡᣬֻƽϼһЩǮɵˡ
ҶûϵȥЩǮźڴǣЦү𣿡
ڴǲмɨҶһۣ˫ǲϹˣǮѾˣûô
ҶȴǮ˭˵㸶Ǯˣ
ϵ΢΢һǲҶ֪⻰ʲô˼
ڴҲһ㶣ǴȤĶҶСӣΪǮ
ҶűӣʼүļǮһģ˵֣
ûڴǺһ¶ݹ⣬ɨܵȺʮ֮Уү˵ļǮļǮȫҪˡ
ȫҪôҶ¶һ˿֮ɫΧ۵ȺЦûӵ飬Ҳ˰ɣү˵ȫҪϣ֤֮ܰ
ڴʱҲҶĻУЩԵζ¶׹⣬Сӣ⻰ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ѽҶ˫һ̯Եú޹үȻЩߣܲүĹۣȴҲԼĹۣɣһڼۣһߣʮöرҡ
Сӣǻѽڴɫһ˫һӣļƤ򿳵Ҷ
ˣԺΪǣүֺαطҪأҶȻһЦǸޣˢһ¶ֱֻԸһЩӦƶ
ֻһգ۵ĹԺڴΪ׵߰˸첻һҶе޲סһţʹ̵Ҳ˿
һʱ֮䣬ֻܱӰХһڻĲҺ𣬿޵ڰݴүֳһš
ҶһһЩƤһһɣǹڸ߸ߵ֮ϣΨºڴǣŴˣЦǮĹҵĹѽ
ڴֻһоƤһ߶ǣƽҲֻ۸һͨˣǼֺ˵ĳ棬ʱҶŵĵѣļǮļǮ
Ҷһգ΢ЦȻˣǾ㸶ǮɣղҲ˵ˣ⳵ϵĻȫҪˣҲʡϵĴˣϹаߣҲթ㣬ʮöرһһǧöرҡ
һǧöرңڴ˶ûվȣֱӱˣҶĽ£µүүҵڣС飬ʶ𣬵С˵һǧöرңˣҲղһöرҰ
Ҷԣȴüͷһ壬һǧöرңһо죬ȷʵǸСĿҪ˼óȷʵЩΪѣһʱҲ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ڴǼҶ¶飬ʱаϲһѣҵ鶼ԼϣȴͻԱһЩɻүǰǾ˵ҲᣬǮΪһǧöرҿ޳
ڴǱϣ־ŭӵŭȵǸ˵ӣվ
Ҷü㻹治ʵѽ԰գһٴ˺ڴǡ
ڴֻԼͻȻһսյòûҽ֮󣬺ڴǼæүҪˣҸǮҸǮ軹ȥȡǮ


229 ǿǿ
ǽаƤҶҲʶһӣԷϾ
ҲҶ˵»صϺ󣬰ûҿǰڴʹɫе㻹ɵվʲôȥȡǮӡ
ǰԣ΢΢һֱӺڴգգۣŻعæһȥˡ
Լʮӣ͸˻
ȴǸż󵶵ĳмʿ
ϵһ˳лʱɫ˫һڵأΪ˽ߣûе۹ģǷ顣
ҶȴɫɨЩһۣûˡ
ǼҶƲһʱҲ˽һ֮һͷòǰλӣҶǽĵط⣬ǿǿ򡣡
˵ǿǿ򣿡ҶЦԩ˶ˣڴ˵Ҫϵߣûа㴦֮
ڴ֮Ű裬һȡ̵ĻѣǵԹصֻ˰ڴ˵ŭԡ
ʱҶһɷǿźڴǣһʱ̲ס׷׳䵱֤
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ҪȥҶЦûѽȥˡתϵԺȿţȥǸ㾡ܷģºܿͻ˽ᡣ
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ģƽ㶮ТķϣǿԶЩֻ۱ֻۣһɷǣҲҰˮ̫Ӧˡ
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һᣬڴɢطһ£ŷǴѾȻҲðȻͷˣֻվһԣۿ̬ķչ
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үĻһ䣬ʱлǰ׽Ҷ
ȴҶȻһЦǺôĹѽյģ㾹Ȼף̣ݹǱȷҶǵĳҪʤѽ
㣬ҶǵĳҶϼˣүɫһ䣬תͷݺݵ˺ڴǼһۣȴͻҶ׳һȵ˰֮ϡ
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˭֪ҶǣҶϳǣ˭֪Ҷϼʵۡ
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үԣ˿ΥæܵϣԼûüȵһȣҶǰŬһ˿Цݣ˲С˹ԭС˽յ֮١
Ɑ裬Ҷеˣӹ豭һںȾ飬ȨֻǳԺ󻹷ֹٷ˹飬Ҳõˡ
үЦˣҲˣСԺһ򣬹һա
챻ҶǿŵûɢǻʱҶüͷ
˵գ̧ĿһɨźڴǣѰ˼Ϸ֮ף⹷νϷ򺦲ˡãһľ棬ŭڴǺнУŽŷһĻҴʮ壬ȻΣ⡣
ڴǰ仰ûʲôǹΣԺ˻ЩǮܽԼŪ
ɵ⡱֣ȴǼ˹ȥ
Ҷȴǰֵҿ˰ɣóһǧöرҽϵ£ʹ˰ɣڴǣԺߣɵչһϵҪȻүǺԸ⽫ץġ
ڴǴ˿֪ҶǸǾˣȻԹͷǻҶŸɡ
Ҷֻϵù˼Կ϶ԼֻҪһ֮ģʮа˾ǻˣЦл˵ľ֮
Ҷֹү⣬ĵ׻һ˿м֮ġ
Ϊ˭֪һǾ൱ڱ̡
ҶǲˣڴԼһӦ֮ðȡǮ͵ϵ
ȴֺϵȻͨϵҶĺ˵Ŀɽ
ʱ򣬸˵
ͨϵҶɽǵʱ򣬱˵һССˣҶǣֻʲô˸ڴǡ
Ҷȴûڴǵ˼ԷѾȡǮ͵ϵУҲǸһˡ
ϵֵ¾ˣԺУһġ
԰գҲٶ˵תͳ
үĸҶĹ֮æվֻǹͷ󣬽Ҷͳš
ֱҶӰûãã˺֮Уү治Լ鷳һĨȥͷϵ亹Щѵǰ


230 Ҷϼ
뿪֮ҶֱӳҶϼķλȥ
йҶϼһУҶȻ˵úϸǼ棬˿ڷ棬ҶϸĽ˵
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۹˾ԸһЩǼҲԸҶϼ塣
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ҶϼҲǼҵӴԼܳΪҶϼԺҲĺô
ңĿǰ˻Ҷϼ壬ƺҲ·ˡ
ұڷ籤ߣ˵Ǳ鲼ڶԷҲһ֪۹
汻ٴҵԼСĿˡ
ҵһҷε꣬ǻһոµͣȻҶϼһ¥ׯҶȻķԸǿɫ彻еһƹ
ǸƹĿŸոմǿ棬ʱɫһ䣬ҪҶ
ҶȴǰֹϾ¥֮˶ӣɲؼʱ̣һЩʿע⡣
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ҶȻΪҶݲ˽ҴѾһַǳķԼġƳ桱ʱҶϡ
Ҷϼ֮УֻĴҽʥ۾ҶðҶϼһ£Ųױʶơ
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ϱ˵ҽ֮ˣ˿ҽƵϢҲҶȻͨһת֮ʱγɵġ
֪ȪԼģĸ𸴣ȴʲôӵƷһ⣬Ҫϻع㻹Ͽݳر
ϢŭϷçײˡȪҲ˿ģΪ֪ΪҶϵҽ֮ԵʣЩһҽƵˡ
ͺñһ֮ǾԲ񳼱ϥģҶǳ˳ĻشʻҪĶɡ
Ҷϳã޳ɳ
ڳ֮УҶǰ汼۵ǰƥޣԸ̾ÿһƥ޽Ƕǧԣÿһƥֵǧ𣬽ƥޱԿҶϼȨҶǺεȾˣ
뵽ҶȻ˵ҶϼÿһϵӵܣԱһ޳ҶϼϵȴŲٵ岮ֵܣеĺԼ˶޳Ҷϼʿһ֡
뵽ﲻɰҡͷ̫ˡ
һԣһ޳һƥ޾ˣٲãƥ޽Ǿųɶˡ
νļݳݳ˼ݳ˵еʮݳȫֻڽųˡ
ʱ󣬳ٻǰȪͻȻڵȥ֣Ȼظ
ҶüȻظɡ
žǺʱܾһЩйҶϼڲ
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Ҷ³һ˲䣬ȴǱǰĽסˡ
ǰһΰޱȵĸǽȫþ޴ʯɵģǽǸԼɣӵĸ룬ȴһͷɴ˿ɼǽڲռǺε
ڸ߲ʵĳǽ֮ϣÿףͽһﱤÿﱤ֮䣬ϰٴ׵ĻѲӣҶĿӵξ룬ǧļʿ
һǽǴڲƣҪ湥ǱҶʵѵҪжôӴľӲ
ȻҶϵ𾪣ҲһţΪѾǱˣ֡𾪡̬ȪҪ˵ģпԼŶ𾪵
ҺʱȪæͨһ£ûע⵽Ҷ
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̻ųֻ֮ҶǰһǽͻȻһ𶯣Ȼƶ¶һԼɣԼʮɵŻ
ȪһĻŻҶղǵ̻ҶϼƵźŵûзųźŵǰóȻǽڳǽϵĹֽ뷢ȳ̶ȵĹʦҲһĵ³
ЩǼΪǿˣûʦ򣬵ֻҪǽţʦҲԽ׳һҪ޽һģ׳ķ£ҪӴ֮⣬ʱϣûٰʮʱ䣬ҲҪ顣
ҶƽңҿԼûǰҶȻķԸһҶϼģֱֻ»û㱻ĹɱǿĿˡ
Ҷ֮ǰȻҲ뵽ҶϼǷɭϣȴҲδ뵽ɭϵ˳̶ȣ
ͨǽ¶ŻԽŵ߽Ҷϼ塣
Ȼ뱤֮ȴҲʵڱǰһĻٴˡ
ΪڲԶǰģȻһƺƵûб߼ʵĺ
ͻȻϮһˬ磬ҶͷաÿһĸоŮһˡ
Ҷ塢̵콭͹ˮƽ羵ȴûͬһ׳ĺ
ҪҶеٱ
ֻȷʵʹˬĿ
ˮӿһһ򰶱ӿеһСɽеײ˺еСϣü׸ߵ˻
ʱҶ췫ˮһɫĺϣƬʺķҶƵسҶƯ˹
һǼҺ췫֮ϣ̬ӯĸŮֱҶǰ鹧ĸӭظ


231 
Ƭ֮סŵĶҶϼĵϵϵԱʱġѪħҽȪҲûʸڡ
ȵ̬ĸ֮û˴ߣҶ˿˿̿ĸòŮӭǲ¶Цݵڻˣ
ĸŮȴһ㶣ѽ
ҶϼȻ֮ׯҪ̫ࡣ
ʳԣ޲Ǻƽ顣
ū澣ʱҶϼߣҲŪĽŲܻЦĽ̸
ӣĮǣһףǺȥЩŮǴӼҶӡ
Ҷ˶㶣Ҳ֪ôһ£űӿЦҵİɣţȲŻظתһȦɡ
ҶȻ֮У֪ҶϼλãҲֻһŶѡ
һ·ˣһʲôֻҲϴ
ȻŸո븮ΪԺ룬ЩŮ·һ飬úϤһƬĴ
ĸŮԣȻҵæҶϴȻһҶۣƯȥ
һ·֮ϣҶں濴ֲͬĽееģȴֱӴ׮ףһƬԭȿտҲĺϣ˴ƬĽ
ں˴գȻ֮һСҶҲƬһ
ڴ˿̣ǰ֮ϣͻȻһ̻ΪѪ֮״
ǰ۵һŮ죬̧ͷһʱһãѪĻ֮֮ѣǾԲʹõġ
˵֮ŮҶ¶ɻ飬΢΢һȴ˹ȻǰλҶϼʱڣѾ뿪Ҷϼ塣
ŻҶϼ壬ȻǺϤҶϼڲǽĽ͵ЩȻһֱƯ⣬Ҷϼ֮Уȴһֱһۡĸۡһֱū澴ظū㶼ϲ⣬ū澴ʹǰӭŸۡļҶΪʰ᷿ԱľסūۡһŮԵλЩ⣬Ҷϼūһ令֮ū澵ΪΪѪƾ˻ֻҪūû֮£ܷʲôһ㽫Ļˣ֪һ˷ǳΣ顣
˵⻰Ůȴ֮ɫҲɴ˿ԿǸŮȷʵǽ
Ҷ˫΢УɨǶѪķ΢ߣȥֱӽڽŵףһҶۣɰǰʻȥ
ȻۡеŮû飬Ҷϼ壬Ǿû˿Դǡ
ҶҲû뵽Ÿո뱤˸Ҷۡˣڹ˽飬Ҷ֮ܡ
Լӵʱ䣬ҶѲ˺еһС֮ϡ
˴СվˣѲĻµŮһЩļҶ
С֮ϣ۷׷ףӲѡ
Ҷп˼ŽҶϼϵӵܣ⼸˵ĵλҶϼȻȲҲҶϼȨˡ
ֻǣ⼸˴˿̵Ŀ֮Щŭ벻ȴһ˸ͦСǸ֮ۡУʲô˼һ㡣
һƵѪζСĸۡҶɫ΢ֱǰĸۡȥ
Χǰ濴ֵˣûӦһ£ǵһɷǳԵ£ֱӳ׷ɶȥ
һʱ䣬С֮У־ŭⲻϡ
ȻҶҲδֱӴˣ߽֮ۡУǰһĻʹҶɫâ䡣
˿̣ڸۡһ֮УľʬѾѪ֮У˶Ǻнһ
ȥ֮УӦۡĻһߣȴһ۵ķΣӦۡĹܼҡ
һŹ͢εİŮǸߵʹ޲ѡ
ŮӦþǸŮˣѾȥˣҲӦۡˡ
ڰŮĶ棬ۣǰһҩ־˫ֻأЦѵڴʹ޲ѵꡣ
ЩҶһͷڣֳȻ꣬ȥԼʮ˾꣬ϲڽϷŪ֮⡣
ССһ澣Ȼ汾ү㻹ǻˣ٣ΪԼʲôƨۡŮڱүǰװ߲ɣʲôѪҲȥˣүҪҶϼڣүҪŮˣ˭ҳ˵֡
ȻŻҶϼĵϵӵܣϵӵҲǣȴڴ˿˵֮ʣûһ˸վ
ǼݵλȽϸ߹ϵӵܣҲû˸֨
飬Щ֡
竵һļһʲô
֣үղðļһﶼѾˣŮҪδãϾĸۡȻһֱֻһŵĸۡҲһЩġ
ʱһվǸ֣ү߹ͷʦȴͻȻǰڴ֮ɨһ飬֮ǰϢһֱѾϢˣʱø˻¿ɾЩ鷳ˡǾ˽ʰһ£Ȼٽ֪Ůץķ֮Уʱô棬ô棡
֪֣Ϸԣȴǽһչм֮Ц˵ǸʲôƨûˣҶϼ壬ԱүԣʲôһƨĪ˵ֻɱۡļǿ˼ŮԺŮˣҲҪŪʡ
˵֮䣬ĿǼҶϼϵӵһһɨɨҶϼϵӵܣŭȴѹţҷ
иߣȴ˶ӵĵҲûС
֣ϷɿһĻ쳤ЦſĲһ
ūϵãҶϼһλǳȻҶϼĵϵӵܣĴȴҶϼϵӵܵĲҪһĵϵӵܣʱҲ
ȻǰһĻȴʹֱ˹ȥҶһסһȥ˴ŮеĲʡ
ȻŮع֮ȴǽץҶ䣬֮ɫͨȾ㣬֣Ϸɵˣһħ˵Ůˣûܻġ
ҶҲδڣֻһŴȥ
ͻȻҶȻ˲Χߵע⡣
Ǹʹ޵ŮҶ㣬æҶĽ£ΪūΪۡϵĻ
û˵꣬ŮЩ˹ȣˮ֮УȻֱ˹ȥ
ҶæһǰסŮ֮󣬲˶֮ɫ֣ϷɵһۣȶڱĸۡΪλǲӦøһѽ
˵Ž꽻Уοģӽ󣬱ܰί
ʱԱһΧ߿ڽ˵֮¡
鲢ӣһڼҶðһЩ˽ڻ;У뾹κ֣ϷƵ
˻޶ȣҶϼ֮УǺ޼ɣ˿̿һʵŮȻҪץ£ݺһ
һ·β浽СҪ֪ŮкαûʲôȻӲħơ
ֻһۡеһŮûˡ
Ϊ֪ĸۡȫֻһ裬˻Ὣۡ˷ڡ
ֱ֣˴صظۡǰļΧ֣֮Ϸ߳ŭ֮£ֱӽǰĻնɱ
븮ǿ֮ʣϹܼǰֹȴҲ֣Ϸɵ£һɱ
˿̣˽ľϸ˵һ飬Ըˡ
ӯӯڵأҶһݣȴĿȻɨǼĻܼңĿ¶־ūΪۡ˻£һڻϹܼұ֪أҲ⣬ֻ֣ĪҪǵĶԩ
԰գŮֱһͷԱߵʯײȥǸʯǻƣӲޱȣ⵱Ҫһͷײ棬ŮֻҪ档
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷҲûʲôǳڵǰ棬ֱһָͷ˯˹ȥ
Żתӣ֣ϷɣûκεֻȻۡЩ£Ūģ
֪Ҷˣȴ֪ҶɫԽƽʱ򣬾˵ڵɱԽŨ
˵ʱǾ͸Ӧó׵ʱˡ
֣ϷֻǱҶɨһۣɫѾ԰ףǾֵĺ˵ļ
̶뵽ʲôʱΪԼĵ߲ѡ
Ҷϼ֮к޼ɣҶϼһĵϵӵܣҲҪ˱ᡣ
ǰ֪ðУ˵ûб֤ʵԼΣ
Ҷϼ֮У˭ֻҪҵð֣ϷɣǾ͵øһĴۣ


232 Ȩ
ģ챾үѾûκ޵飬Ǹʲôƨʶ࣬ýǸ͵үķȥ˱үֻҶϼ嶼𣡡
԰գ֣ϷһգҪ뿪
߾ߣλﵱʲôطˣҶҡͷһһĳ֣Ϸɵ߶ϴһĪɫ
Ҷ¶飬֣ϷȴͻȻһЩ̶¶һ˿֮ɫӹʲôܴ󣬸ɱ˴ˣҾͲΪһƨҶϼҵ鷳
Ļһ䣬վһ׳ʱһЦӱȡһû˿ԥһҶ˹ȥ
һҳƶһ£һЩĳң
Ҷޱ飬ֻǵɨǸ׳һۣҡҡͷ·ϣֳڣǸ׳ʱɫһ䣬̶һѪһֻûлӳֱ׹ڵأ͹ЩĿ
Ȼȴ֪̫УҶɱ˴ˣֻ»Ҫһֽš
ڶԷûʩչҶȴֱáʨӺ𡱵֮һ˴ڵ١
һĻ˵УȴΪſ֮䣬ȡ˱Ĺ¼
Ҷ˹ֶΣΧԹһãȻȴ¶ޱȵľη֮⡣
֣ϷҲһĻɫҰף亹ֱð
ܴµǿһΪѴﵽλʿľ磬յطսλʿҲܵϰС
һ֣ȴǱҶһָˡ
˺˵һĻɵ֣Ϸĵһɺ⣬ãǰ˵ΪҲõʿľ磬ɱңƾߵЩˣûеֵ֮
뵽֣ϷͻȻӻȡһźŵ֮ʣͬʱЩΧߴеҪɱңǻֹʲô飬Ҷϼ嶼䲻˺ã
Ȼ⻰ڣһԹߣȴֻüͷӲû˳˵һ仰
ʱ֣ϷźŵȻڰ֮죬γһ״
γɵһ˲䣬һͳͻȻԶ𣺡½顭δ£ֻ׷һ߰Ұ׷
ͬʱʮ׵ĻҲӰ׷֮ϣһԾֱӱС
ЩԴͳһΣϿףʮȴҶϼĽʿ
˿ֵ̳ʮ֮УΪ׵һˣλʿΪе龰֮ȴüͷһ壬ɫ΢λӣλ⣬ΪҶϼ룬ʹϢ˰ɡ
˿֮䣬ȻҶ쳣
˼ȴҶ
Ҳǣ֣ϷɴҶϼ֮УѾǵһǷˣһβǿù
ΪҶϼĵһŲǵڴй֣Ϸɵ֮ʱҲǱ㹻С
ȻҶЩɵ֣ϷˣȴǸΪη塣
Դ˿̾ҶҲǿӲ̨˵ĿЩǿӲ
ΪҶٱ飬ûй֪ҶݵˣǺܶࡣ
ˣȻҲ֪ҶݣµҶϼ֣ϷɶŸɵˣҲǼ֮
ûǰһһ棬ͽҶ¡
Ҷȴֻǵ˵ɨһۣҡͷɱҸҸŮҸйܼң˭ֻ೥
ȻȻѾ˱ɱ
ԣɫ˲Щѿ
Ҷϼ֮ڣǻϷ˿أնȨҶϼʲôˣĿŵǡ
ɽȻиû˵ʱЩλҲҶϼĳλ˵ѣ֮ҲִȥҼֻ¾λѣҲ㡣
ĹۣҺúÿʲôҶһ׳һֱӳǸ˼˹ȥ
ǸԣһȴǴŭۼҶ˲֪ôǹҶ׳ʲôһƽҶ׹ĺɫķɣǰҶһѵ
֪ƽӴǿɫƵһ˲䣬ֻӣͬľУ˶׷˳
һЩĻҲǱ˳㣬Ǹ׷ɵһ˲䣬м̤һҪסˡ
ǵֲŸո˵壬˲亹ֱðһѪͬ׷ɶȥ
һ֮䣬Ѫˡ
ְԵ磬ֱӽڳ˶ɵˡ
ͬʱҶҲѾ֣Ϸɵǰʲôԣڿ˵ˣԴ㽻Ǹһֱ
֣Ϸߵļ令ԣȴһŭȣֱӳҶ˹ȥȻûнӽҶǵ壬ȴһ𣬽쳣Ǳ˴ǽ֮ϡ
⼸ףȴֱӱҶָɱ˵
һĻ֣ϷǺɫ˫ŷݴ㲻ɱңҶϼ֮УҲɱң㲻ɱң
֣ϷɷУȴһϮȴǴѱҶֶ˵Сʧ
ҲǣԴһֱҶϼ֮УΪΪû˸Ҷ˵һ֡
һֱձ˵ɱȨûһԼڱ˵С
ȻҲ֪㵽ʲôˣҶϼݺ޼ɣ첻˭ҶɫȻ֣֪ʱüͷͻȻһſȥ
Ϣŭһ䡣
ֻಣಣƿϽۣϽߵ˹
ҶϼΪǿĻȻֻ࣬Ҫˣűλʦʵ
Щǰ棬ȴһˣѪħҽȪ
ΪҶϼĴҽʥ֮һȻҲ˼ػ
Ȫ֮ȴɫ΢䣬ǻߵ֮ǰðҶЩ¡
Ǹ֮ȫˡ
֣ϷΪ˳˵Ҷϼ岻ǵһ𣬿ҶΪҶϼǾ͸˵ǴеĴ
޴飬һȥѹһ
ˣһȽСĴѹһȽϴĴ
æȪȵĿ⡣
ȻȪȴûǸˣҶʩ֪ʲô飬Ȼǵ˱ŭ
Ҷɨ֣Ϸһۣȴû˵˼ȴԲ
ȪӦҶ˿޵ɱεңҡͷ֪ԼװɵˣֻÿЦ֣ðȷʵǸҶϼڣһֹ໥ɱܿһ
Ȫã죬ƨģղžȻɱӣѽѽ
ʱһֱڵҶĵ֣Ϸ̧ͷһȪʱ˾ǣæӵָҶ
ȪĿ֣Ϸɨͷð˿˿ߣһ￴˵ıˣѾЩҶϼ֮У˭ˡ
۵׻̶ֿһ˿ɱ֮⡣
ҶŶԼЦѣ֣ϷɣҡҡͷҲʥҽӣѾҶϼĽɣɱˣҶϼԺ󶨽Ϊ۹һЦ
ȪԣҲ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ˰Σǿڵ֣ӵݣȷʵЩ⣬飬Ϸ֤һһġ
ѾȪ÷ˣȻҶˣ΢΢ҡͷָЩΧߵϵңһ֣ϷɱǴߣܵͷȻˣй֣ϷɴԶֵĺá
ȪҲ¶һ˿εЩ飬Ϸ򲢲ϻҪ֣ˣݣλǱѰ⣬Ҷϼ嶼ᷢʡնɱ֣ӣʹˣһٶҶϼ鷳Ի˼С
ҶȪⷬüͷ״΢𣬴˿ȴҲ֮
ȪΪҶϼĴҽʥ֮һݵλȻޱȵĴڣɾȪ֣Ϸ֮˼ɵɴҲԿ֣Ϸ֮ˣһͬһ㣡
ĲһУԳֽ֣Ϸڴˣϴ鷳
ԼݻûбȷĹؼʱ̣Լçײ£Ϊǡ
Ǿʹ˰֣ţҲǵȻ޴棡
ΪԼǰɱŮ裬ԼΪֻع˺ġ
һʱ䣬е龰ҲҶĳĬо


233 ҽ
֣Ϸɴ˿ۼ˸Լ֮ǰİ֮³ϣҶĿ֮УԹ֮⡣
СҶϼ֮У˭˶
ô˵ǰҶģŵʺ⵱ǰδеܴ衣
˿Ȫǰں֣ϷֻЩ˶ΪԼΪǰµʱһĻݵģڵгʮĵ
ֻųĬҶмôҵ֪ôڸ㣬֪£ֻҪ㽫Ǹļ澽ӣȻڸӿĸͷϸӻãһҲ˵򣬱еֶ
̬Ű裬֮ǰǸſģ³ˡ
ȻԱߵȪԣȴɫ䣬в
֣Ϸɿ˵ųģɽС޷죬ΪɽҶϼǳϡٵļϵӵܣҲԸǴˡ
ΪֳɵľţôЩҶϼ˵Ĵڡ
ҶݳһЦЦĻȣȪɫǱüΪѿɨ֣Ϸһ£һᵽĿ⡣
֪ļһ˳˳ˮˣѵΪ˼ݣһô
˼ΪҶϼõеǹɰССһġ
裬˵һŭɱһСС竣ʲôү̫ӵģֻ˼Ҳɱ
ҶǵһƻԽԽȭһæڵǧҪ嶯¶
֪ȪĻû˵꣬Ҷһֻ֮вӰ֣ҶӰȻʧȵҶٶȳ֮ʱȻ֣Ϸǰ
һĻȪ˲ɫ䣬де飬£ٳ־֣ӡ
ȻǼûг֣ȴֻҶɨǼʱоһɲɿܵѹֱӴҶУ䵽ǵϡ
һ־λߵѹֻϷ˵ǰ˿ٶȸܵѹɫҲ˲һ䣬뵽ҶݣȻȪδãûƶֺ
Ҳֱһ̣֣ϷɲܵζôҲû뵽ǰСһֵȻĸɱ
ȻηҶݣҳڳ֮ˣȻû˸ҳͷ
ʵڳ˵У޲Ҷһ˽֣Ϸ˵ļһ
ҶƮƮһ֣Ϸɵͷ֮ʣȴһ̾Ϣ֮ͻȻ֮
һ棬顣䣬֮еԪһӿֱγһֻȫ۵ƣҶһӲֵ
ţٴηӿȴֱ۳һȥԼʮ꣬鵭ţƷǷİˡ
˿̣ȫ۶ɵİ֣Ϸɣг֮⡣
ңȪ˿˵һ˲䣬ȴɫ䣬æʩ̬ޱȡ
ȥһʿİˣҶϼ˶һλҽҲΪϵҽλҶϼˣΪң
ʵڵ۹֮УһţǾͲҽңӡ
ңӵĵλ֮˳ȻһҽĪ֮Ǿݴңˣܿطһڶʮǰʹﵽλʦ֮ΪȻɲˡ
һҽټһɲΪѹλҶϼ˵ĳȻ
ҶȻҲҶȻĿ˵ˣ˿ͻͷ΢΢һ´˻ϵָӦ
תһ룬˴˿̵ΣֻǽһƷɣǱ٣ȻˣڣһûбҽƣûбҽƣγӦ
ҶΪԼĵĸеЩЦ漴˼΢΢ü˴һۣȻңһĲ
ʵʮǰҶϼ干вλҽ
֪ΪΣǸҽʮǰһҹͻȻʧˡ
һʹòҽҶϼһҶγ˸֡
ҽڣֻⲻҽҲҶϼӵֶһ޶ĳȻλˡ
ҽңǴһҶȴǵ˵ͷǳԼݡ
ҶҲϸ鿴һңʵ֮󣬲ŵȻڵȲ˵֣ϷɶԱֻҵĸ֮ۡףﴦ̣֪֮ңñ
ҽңԣüͷҲ΢΢һ壬棬ֻ֪֣Ϸһˣ˾ͻ»СС»ˡ
Ҷһη治֪˵ЩʲôڶԷվֵĵڣĽڶûС
ãŵɨ֣Ϸһۣ΢΢̾ϢԴӵΪȷʵ޿⣬ȻѾ棬ϣָ飬ϣٱҪȥԱ֤飬պԲٶȷ
ûýֻܽһˣҶϼݣҶϼϷˣҲ棬οҶһ
Ȼƽȴһ˾ͷƣ˲Ծǰͷһ־Եѹơ
Ҳ˵飬Ҳ־Ҳ
ңӵѹô˵طҶѱˣȴѹƣԽ㷴
Դ˿ңӰвﻰ֮ȴֱЦймҹ棬ҶϼļҵûйأӷˡͬҶϼҲԭ򣬶˼ҹ棿
˵Ҷ΢ͣ٣֣Ϸɣ۵âһˣҽɱˡ
һܶʱһƬȻ
ԲҽңӵѹȣҶ̬ȣȻǿӲЩҶϼһңϵˡ
̬ȼҶҽңҲ΢΢һţȴһâ
ûҶĿ⸴ӵ֣ϷɵϣԵúεֹſ񡢻ӻ޶ȣұչǰйݣûЩȥ㻹Һʧأ
⻰֣Ϸɫ΢䣬һ˿ĸо
֮ǰη£ҽңӶһЦ֮Ӳ˵һְɽȴĵ˵ˡʧ֣ⲻЩľ
ҽңӵɫ͵ѾǩÿĶع⣬Ҷϼ˶֮Ȼͬ㣬֪Ҷϼ֮У㼸˹󡣰ˣӲ̣֮ձҲѲϵΪΪһ顣˵¿Ҷ΢΢ʩ·ϣð㣬ȻȫƾãΪ֮ĸ˭ҲԸ׷ͺڷˡԸһ·Ȼסٱ飬ϼ֮գһ֮Ը飬еĺȫƾȥɡ
ҽң˵仰ٶȿ֣Ϸһۣҡҡͷٶ̾ϢһκȻһɢԪ۵壬ȴֱɢ
ҽΪ벽ĴڣܿƷΪεֶΣҲǴ񣬲ܳ־á
ҪȻƾһֱ£ҽ޵ͬĴˡ
ҶңĻҲһ˿أ֣ϷɾǲҽңӵѪ
£Ҷϼ嶼һܣԴ˿ͻȻع⣬ɵ˲ˡ
²ҽңȻٹ£Ѿɱ֣ϷɣԺǷܵϼ֮λ˵ĺܡ
Ҷϼһ̫ӣȻǴҲǿܷ϶˵ġ
Ҷϼ֮УϵӵܣǳֻҶһˣҶֻǵϵ
֮⣬в١岮ĶӡҲǿԼ̳֮λġ
ȻǰҶ÷´пܱ֮λ
ɱ֣Ϸɣҽһһڰݺ
ҾԷݺɣһɱ֣ϷɣҲҶϼΨһҽ
ʱ򣬾Լɹ˼֮λвҽҽһǿĵڰУܲȼλӣ˵
ʱȪͻȻǰ֣Ϸ벻ҽ֮飬޵Ҷ˵˳
ԭ֣Ϸң뵱һСͨ
ʱҶϼļȻŭ쳣ǵҶϼֻʣңôһҽΪ˴룬Ӳ
Ϊ£ЩС檽̹ˣº󣬶õ˴ȻȪеִе֮һ
ԴأΪ
ӦҵȵĹ˼֮˰ɣ˵ʵ֣ΪϰٴΣҲǴ´ˣҵȻȰһ䣬˴ˣһߣպѽ
ȪڣȴҲΪ롣
Թߣ˿ԣҲԳĬ
㡢Ϊū澣гʣҶԡ


234 ɱ
ҶųˣͻȻҶϼҶ֣Ź˼ɣһҶϼ޼ɣţһĸԲ˭ֻҪ㣬ӦеĴۣ㱾Ժᱻҽѣȱ㱾պ󱻰֮λ֣Ϸɣɱ
Ҷⷬ֮ˣ仹ǳĬǵ֮У¶֮⡣
Ҷϼ֮У϶ԿҽˣʵûмҲ֣ϷΪ˰Ҫԭ
Ҳ߰ɣȫȨϺˡȪȻҶ˾ҲЩ壬ģȴԺӳ˵ǡ
Ҷϼ壬ﲻҽңӣʵڲһСѽ
˰̾ϢһߵļҶһ񣬱ȥˡ
֣ϷôҲû뵽Ҷϼ֮УȻвӵˣ̬ȫһȻͬķչ
ڲҽ뿪һ˲䣬ѾԼ֮·ֻߵ˾ͷ
뵽¶һɷ֮ɫҶɱɣɱңҲ˶ãӻڻȪ·ϵģһҲˣҲˣһҶϼٱ汳һҲֵˣҡ
ҶδȶԷϣЦҵ汳Ҳÿû԰գҶҲ˵ǰһƻдˡ
֪ڴ˿̣֣ϷͻȻѪһֱӱˡ
ͬʱںһĵ̾Ϣ˹ΪѪɱҲӦɱջأͲˡձμԼ֮գǱ뿪Ҷϼ֮ʱҶϼ֮ˣպรɡ
֮УѳŨŨ֮⡣
Ҷ֪û˲ҽҶϼ壬ؽһǧɡ
ɶڲҽĺݣҲľѣҲʳӣɲҽңӾȻڳȥ֮ǰѾ֣Ϸɵڲһ÷ʱȡ
˺ӲĳѪɱֵס˵֮ˡ
ȻҶɫȴްɫƽǵķ򣺡Ҷϼû㲻ҽȻҶϼ壬ҪˣҶϼĲҽƣ֮գĳɾٸߣҲעҪҶϼʹһ
Ļֱ벻ҽ˺ƤѾչزҶҲûаη塣
ž㲻ҽεķҲҶϼɱ֡
ΪҶϼΪǿĵƣһÿһųλʦս£ҽҲĽ֡
ңҽڱչأڵҶؿˣҲǴﵽλʿĲΣѾʦƿֻҪڲҽչصʱͻƵʦ֮Ҷֺξ岻ҽһʦ
طҶûĿڶʱͻʦ֮Ҷϼ֮Уʲ֪Ҫׯӯ˶١
֮Уڶʱʦ֮źܴİյġ
뵽ҶкɨˣЦλɢˣҽңӵָ̣һ˳е˾ǣԲܿģ
걻֣ϷѹһЩϵӵܣͻȻͦ˵ҶϼҶ֣ҵԺٱհƾǲ
֪ʱͻȻϷҪ
ԼƯ˶ʮ꣬һŪ˶Ϊһ֮ϷˣȻҪټԼˡ
˵ϷȻǡȴǸѹʼޡ
һŮˣҶϼûм£ܱסݼҵȻҲһ򵥵
ҶЩڼϷ˵ʱԼðƵݻᱻ𴩡
飬ùһȴ㲻ʮ壬ӱܲˣֻӲͷƤȥˡ
֮ȴǷԸŮ˽ۡúʰһ
ʰֻ֮һķ飬ѾߣǾнҶϷǱ߿ܵȼˣҪȥݼһ£
ҶҡͷȸͰˮҪԡ¡
λѾ̴ˮ
һϴˢͷ£ѴδŮ˷̵ϰ̵ͷת򣬺òڣֲƴǣ
һʰֻͣһ״յ·һ˵Ĵ£Ϸ˵ס
Ϸ˵ķڣƤ׺ɵĵձܳ費ù棬һ̴ľĹŶ̴磬ׯ֮С
һŷǳɵ̫ʦΣһʮĸˣԱվһλòŮ
ŮҶ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
Ҷ֪Ů˭뵽Ϸ˺һŮҶˮŮһԼδıĶˣҲͷ°ݣڵߵ
Ϸ˿δҶ״
ҶվԱŮҲ΢Ц磬Щȥܵˡ
ҶȷŮϷ˵ŮЦͲ𣿡
ǸŮ·еҶı֣΢΢һ󣬲ŵģȻġ
Ϸ˻ֵˮȥҺ˵仰
һŮҶһۣ˳ȥ
Ҷʮֲ⣬룺ѵʲô
ϷҶЩʲô£
Ҷѱõ˵ǣЩ˼ģ;һŪһ޳ɣ
Ϸ˵Ϊβ
Ҷһʮ겻һｲĻѵϷˣҶϼûһ
ҶϼûãҲԴɣ
Ȼ뷨ҶȴûֳȻصأ·;ңԶ޷·
Ϸ˵˵ͷȻЩȻһֱƮ⣬Ѫˣȴûһ£缸ǰѪɱһţȥ
ҶӹչҶϷˣ䱾Ҷϼ궨лԼû˲飬СŮǿܣԣϣܽҵĻԼƴһЩꡪѪɱּ
Ҷ֣üͷ΢΢ԼҲû뵽ҶȻѪĴС㶨лԼ飬ҶȻҲ֪ҪȻԷܲԼ
ϷҲûעҶı飬ֻʵδ
ҶϽ񣬵Ѫ˻飬ȷŰɣˣô˱ǣ֪ǰʧǺ֤ԲˣѪĻԼҲãݳ裬Ӷٱġ
ϷЦٱԹߣþԾš֮ԣһû˵ͨˣֿͨˣߣѾûأҲİɣ
Ϸ˵ӣҶ΢΢Щǿڵ֪˵ʲôҲţһЩʱ䣬ʱѪ飬ҡ
Ϸ˲ͻֵˣҪΪ飬ҶϼҲ㲻ѪѪΪ۹Ĵ󶥼֮һҶϼԵģи׼û£ͳȥɣ


235 
Ҷˣ˵⣬вסпֲϷ˻ֱ֣ڴͥ£ԼϷ˵ɾǶˣ
ҲǣѪɱ֮ŮΣλԺգ츳ѣκ˵£ΪҶϼ⡭
ֻԼ˱ӣɲҶܵ顣
ԼѪ֮ͨǰıһֿ
߳Ϸ˵Ժӣӭ͵ͷ
̧ͷҶ֮ʱȴŵøƵģæת˵ķȥҶҡͷ룬Щһ֪ԼҶϼΨһҽЩеˣҲ׽Լǻ
뵽һЦԼҶϼҪ飬ܶడ
еһҪ⣬ѪԾŵ⡣
Ծţ½£ԹԡԾšĶ壬жķ硣
һ˵ǣԾǸΪ˷ֹߣС֮ͽ輰衰Ծšǰؾķÿ͡
һ˵ǣڵ۹ưԵϵ
з磬߹ʱţ衰Ծšͥ۽俼飬Ѷɡ
һ˵ͥΣһҲ˵
һ˵ԾǸ˲ŵһַغ󣬾ܳΪһԱλҲһ㣬ϰøĶž
ۺ˵ǣԾߣĴָĺúӢܣ
ܵԾšεģǷ֮
ԣܳΪԾšеһԱǴ½ߵҪĿꡭ
ҶȻѪŻԼҶ˳ȢѪɱ֮ŮΪѪɱĳ⡰ԾšһҪġ
δ߼Աỽ磡
Ҷԣ̧ͷһȴЩ龫ֵŮʱЦˮǸѾͷɣʲô£
Ҷˮǰֱӱֱۣ磬ȥɣ
ҶԴ󾪵ȥ棿
ҶˮɻϵƲֻܴȥֲָܻѽ
ҶæͷţⲻȴпԼڸûƣȥ˹ֻ֣»ᱻеЩҽȺ֮
νҽƣʵһϹŴعֹǽһЩβ棬ͨһķһ档
ͬϢǳУ֮ˣ֣Ȼ⵽ǵĹ
һвͬ͵ϢȥЩͻᷢĹһһֻƳҧˣͻ촫˵ейơ
й֮ˣûд
ҶˮȴûעҶϵɫϲ쳣ֵǾͺǵȥ棬Ҷϼ壬ҾǸطûȥˣĺܺʲôطˡǰ˵ûƣסЩҽƣҾͿԾȥˡ
Ҷȥ棬ֻΪĺģпЦȴұֳֻЦôˣȥϢɣʲô£˵
ҶˮȴҪھȥɣ
ҶһУ
ҶˮǺðɣȥˣһҴ硣
˵գϷ˵סаҶһȥ档
Ҷһֻ̾¾ǲȥˣֲȥݾҪ𴩣񲻰׷һĻȥҲܵõҲһ
¶֮Ҳٶ£ʯףɫʯ׵ʱŵһƻƮԼǲҪѪδޡһأ
ʱɫѺڣƻˣҶվһᣬԾŲԶĻ԰ȥ
˼֮ͻȻһ̾ȴֹ˲ĵۿ벻ҽ𣬻ΪҪһ£һ£ԼԼô⣬һһѣǶһ²һ£ʱȱѪδޡˡ
³Ҷϼ֮ȥ
ʮδ飬ȻˣȻܲȥһ
Ҷ߳Ϸ˵ס֮أ뵽ҶȻĸ룬˵տ⣬ƽʱ򣬲̤롣
ڷλĵط߶
Ҷ벻֮лʲôǸˣǱҪðա
ȴǲðҲˡ
˵ÿһڵƣ᳹ʧǻữΪˮ֮档
ˮ֮ȫľԼеһǽĺô
ʵӦҶȻҶϼѣˮ֮棬еһĿꡣ
뵽Ҷ֮ȥ
֨ѽҶĴš
ֻȼһ֮磬Ҷһ۾Ϳǰǰڷŵһλ
λҲ˵ҶϼĹϡ
֮УЩλҲûбĶˡ
ҶȻЩΣˣҶǰԶİţЦһŶ룬֮󣬹Ȼʮˮ̨
˿̣ÿһˮ̨ϣڷһӣȻ棬ѾտҲ
Ψĸ֮Уڷһֵˮ֮档
ͨϣ۷Ĺâ֮
֮Ȼͬ졣⼸ˮ֮棬Ҷ̾ѣ㱼еҪƺжֱһ㡣
Ǵ˿̿ɲǸ̾ЩʱҶҲû뵽ô׾ܵóԸ־һڷŵˮ֮ץȥȻסˡΪǺѾһֻơ
Ҷһæʮɣ̧ͷĿ͸˿˿âǰֻһʮˮ̨ĺ棬һ˳
ҶĿϸֻһ׾ңܿͷ˱ڣɫ߽ۣ
ϿݣЩ룬һ˫ϸ۾⣬һգգĶҶ
ݼүүҶȻûм˵ҺԼʱ֮жаڷЩϲĵ񣬻ڵһʱͱϳ˵ݡ
ʱҶͷתû뵽ԼҶϼϴûбˡ
ֻѾΪʵ
Ҷʼ˼Լܹӹһ١
ϼһﲻ֮ͬǰϷˣϷ˵ûƣԾϷǸ벽ҲԷҶϵ쳣
Ҷȴǲͬ˼ǰǻʵļһƣֻҪԷԸӦֻ¾ܿҶ״
ôҲû뵽ҶϼϴȻҲù˰ɡ
ϼһﻹܻĶӶ군ˣ汲Ȼš
ֲҶȻ˵óȻôؽ
֮У湩һŵڡ
ϼһʵǿϷƣҶе㻳ϼһǲѾ֮
ҲˣҶŲ˲֪Ϲභʤ㲻
ʹʱԼתҲһܹӳϼһ׷Ͼ˼ʵԲǻ˵ġ


236 ʶ
ʦϿֻһεĲ𣬵ʵϣҶȴ֪κһʦڽ֮ʱ򣬶ҪȹΣյĽ٣
Ľ٣
˭ֻҪʣ᲻
Ľ٣κһ˵һμΣյĿ顣
ʹΪͨĽ٣вҲԽ߻ħ˱ϣһΪΪӰ
Ȼκ鶼档
ȻĽټĿֲֻҪܹĽ٣ôʵһ˾ĵز
һλȫܹ˲佫һ벽ɱǲɷϵʵ
˾ҶλʦһսҲ
һʵֲϹĿǰʵðȻ֣ҲֻǶȻѡ
ҶüͷŴӳֺһֱû˵Լ߽ҶģЩ
ȻҶԺһһԲߡ
ԼϲǻҶȻµϢɣ֪ɲ̶ȵļϢαװԼƣ
ˣôԼܹƾ㣬а취ӳ죡
ѾϾĵزҶҲûѡˣȫղڻеƹȥҶ飬Ϣʼնûб仯
ôУģˣɣҶһŬʹԼƽ
˭ΪʲôҶĳһ䡣
Ҷæǰʩүү˵ҶϼҶҶȻϵҽҲϼһϳϾҽƿֻҶϼϵӵе档
Ҷĵ۹Ҷɨһ£˵ͷɫϿϲŭ֣˵̧ͷ
Ҷվֱ˫ĿҶģҶĵĹâϸĴҶȻ㲻֪ԽҲô
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪
Ҷüͷ˵Ӧ֪ҶϼĽءңǰˣ
Ҷֵ˵ͷ˵֪
ȴڴ̾ţ֪ƨԼֲҶϼ֪ҶϼЩʲôɣֻǿˮ֮棬ŲѲطȴòװǻһҴ
ҶһֱҶǰԴŭ˵Ȼ֪ҲʲôԭҪ׼ɣ
Ҷˣû뵽ϼһ˵ͱˣƺƴһҶǿˮ֮סɷΧ֮ڣû뵽ϼһﾹȻһӵˮ֮ߡ
ҶвϲȻ֪ϼһһˮ֮ߣԼһƴ֮
Ϊϵо֣Ͽӵˮ֮ߡ
ҶȫȭһСһҲһȭӭȥ
䡣
ҶȭӿγһɫҶĵơ
ȭཻҶ˲ԣҶĵˮ֮ƽͣ񲢲Լϼһﲻֻ̽ԼɣҶ⣬ϼһﵽҪʲô
šššһԺҶ˳ֱ߲ײǽ֮ϲֹסΡ
Ҷһ˿ȵɫһЦѸƶһĳһƬɫҶӿ
ȻһԼϿƶԷҶԷûгȫ£ҲԼܶԸģ֮ܽĴڣȷʵ̬
Ҷһ߷ٺˣһһȭȭص˵棬Σʱ̣ҶѾ˲𻵶ˣֻңԼĿܡ
ÿһȭ£϶ʯмѣ䣬Լʯм֮С
ҶĽˮ֮ⷢ׵ĵֵסҶĵʯڷҶûӭĹһƴҶƲ̵һϵ֡
ʱǰĵذͻȻˣһǿм
Ҷڵ汬ѵʱ򣬾ͷ˲ԣ̸ǰΪģӭ˵ǵ
¡
⧲ҶҲһ񱩵мĴ䣬ռʱ
ããסκҶͻȻЦҶ˵ͷ˵ɹƣȻû˵㣬ֳһˣӦϷɣԺǱӦòǼμ֮¡
ⶼʲôʲôϼһĪ˵£ҲҶһһէҶǫлүү佱Сμȣ
ҶȻ֪ϼһ˵ЩʲôҲ˳ҶĵĻͬʱȫ䱸ԷҶٴν¾Ҫȫˣѵֵ
ҶЦһ˵˵ͻᣬСһҲǫʲôһЩҪ㡣
ҶȻŶӣһ뵽Լڻûг֮ǰпϼһﵲ£ʱǶԼľٶģ¾ˡ
ϸغҶǸҶһ˹ȥϾҶ϶ԼǼӵܣӦòΪԼ˰ɣ
ҶҶһСʯҺ̧ͷСһ֮䣬Ӧ˰ɣ
֮䣬ʲô⣿
Լôû˵ģϼһﲻԼİɣܸûʲô֮һ⡣
û취ˣԼҲֻкҵĶһˡ
ҶεĵԲүүҴСƯ⣬ڣҴû˵ʲô֮¡
ҶشҶĵʻȻͷ۽ǵ⣬һֱϸעŵеɫ
ҶԼĻشɫûʲô仯Ĳɵ˿֪Լ²ģϼһҪһֱ̽Լûʲô¡
ǣҶĽĶȴ÷ǳעҶɫҶͷʱһã亹ˢһ¾ͳˡ
ֻҶһӣ¡һҶʯ֮ѾĹرˣͬʱҶĵ˵ɣ㵽˭ΪʲôҪðҶϼ
ƾʲô˵ðģ˿ȻѾ˵㾪ʧ룬ҶǿԼ侲ʵ
ʱҶȴ΢΢һЦȻܼ֮䶼ᣬ;ԲҶϼҶϼҽƣǽڳ֮һҶϼӵҽҽ֮⣬֮յֻҪҶϼĵϵսʱֻҪ߶ڵϣͿԽбʱΪ仯̫һֻдﵽʿ֮ʹáȫձﵽʦ֮κһӵܱ֮󣬶ֲͬеսɱеȴ壬еȴһˮУҪˮ滽ߣ֮󣬻ڵص״У˵ôҪ飬Ҷϼκһ˶֪ܲɡߣ˵ɣðҶϼкĿģ


237 ð䵽
ԭҶϼҽƣãԼȻҶϼҲһľ衣
µһޣһôҲҪʲôҽƸӸ߼ɡ
ʱҶҲֻɻҽˡ
ҶȻûõйҽƱ£һʲô¶ƫƫ¶ǹҪġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦæǰ˵үүǰ治֪£ҪǲţھͿָСӣҵʹñ֮Խϵᡣ
Ҷһ˵ߣҪ˵Ҿ飬ڸᣬڴ߶ϣһθҿɣԶĳɣ
Ҷĵɫȥϵ½޷ԶǿƽҶεס
ͬʱһζ޵ҶĵУҶҶϼ岻⴫ıھ
Ҷ̾һ˼˰죬ҧҧһסЩ֮С
ԸԼܱɹɣȻҪϼһƴһˡ
ҶһԿҶĴԼѹһ߰룬ԼܱɹĿǰϼһڲֳƿԼδƴùοϼһﻹбһԼôֽ֪ˡ
뵽Ҷ˿Լ۵ȫһضѪȥ΢΢һЦүүˣѰɣ˯ѪҺ޾
䡱һֻоȫƤ·𱻷ڵͽһʹҪȻ⻹ǴҪģһضѪһ˲䣬һصȻȻԼĴԳȥ
Գʹ࣬Ҷ˾ҶôҲû뵽Ȼ˵ʹࡣ
ʹҵʹ
ϣʹҶܹܵģʹɲҶܵˡ
ʹҶ̲סҲ͸ˮ͸ˮͬʱȫĽɫҲϵĸֳ
Ҷҧгݣзͳ΢йһ¾ҵʹʹԼܼ
Сһû뵽ҶϼСһһαٺ٣еСһܵˡҶĿҶֵĽɫ磬΢Ц
ҶڵͻȻԵ˳һӾͱ鲼ȫÿһ⡢ϵҶֻоһĸоڣմʹĸоؼ
Сʱ
Ҷ۾Ȼһµ
˿̵Ҷ壬ϵ·һΡʱ򣬻ٳĩˡ
Ҷǰ֮ϳһȻֵͼϣһԿͼơ
֮ҶڵûӶ٣ֻоԼ壬Ʈһ㡣
Ҷʱע⵽Լ壬æӽӹҶĵĳϡ
һΡʱȫĸ壬ϵڲ죬Ƥ죬ȻʹҲǷǳܵ˵ģģԺͲͳˡҶɹҶ¶һ˿΢Ц˵
ҶƮƮĸоһ
ֻҶ壬ȻȻݶȥ
䣡ͬײݶֱӱײĳһ󶴣ͬʱҶ壬Ŵ󶴣ͬ㣬ʳȥ
û뵽ٶȾȻô࣬һİ벽ֻ¶ٶƥˣãǳãٶȣԺλʦ׷ɱҲӵˣʱҶҲɹЦ˵
ҶҲоԼٶȱȹȥ˺ֻܶ࣬ǳ֮⣬о֮Уһֱ仯
ֱ仯²ǰ㣬ǿһǳĵϢˡ
û飬һѾ֮ԼһֵƣԴ˿ȻҶĵǰչ˳
ʵںܾǰҶ˵֮ҲͨһЩǳصķһЩ߿Խһ޵
ǰҲֻ˵ȴû֮ˣû뵽Ҷϼҽ֮Ȼ֮
һҶϼ֮Ǳ֮Ϊǿɣֻ¸Ϊֶ֪ΣһͿԿߵĿ¡
ԼҪǰ֮ˡ
ˣСһﳢһ±ЧͿˣ̬̫ãҲӰġҶ˵仰ͻȻüͷһ壬ɨ⡣
ʱһӰԶת۾ͷɵҶĵԡ
ȫһ֮УҶĿҲܿ˵òֻ˹ҶĶ˼䣬ȻҶû˵ʲôȴҶɫһ䡣
СһˣϷòڼ߶ЩϷĴˣҶĿкһɨ˲ҽչصķһֱۣӳǸ˹ȥ
ҶһߣҶȻҲȥȻˮ̨ϵǼˮӷǳȣҶһϹػ˿Ҷ֡
ղҶĻе˼Ҳҽ鷳ȥˣһ㣬Ҷּɵġ
Ҳȥƣ룬ҪȥΪ
ӿ첽ӣصԼĸۡ


238 Ϲ
ڶһ磬컹ûҶˮžװһҶСۣСе磡磡ûУǽ˵Ҫȥģɣ
Ҷ̺£ϴһ
ҶˮɻҪȥ棿
ҶЦֻǵ˵ͷѸóһͭޣ֪ʲôطóһ㶦ż㡣
Щ֮ЦˮСǰ͵͵Ǳȥ˼ΣÿζϷɳ˶˻򳡣ֵһˡ
ȴЩǵѾû˽ȥˣΪûƣ˶óȻ֣ȥҪСĵ㣬Щ֮еҽƿǶ࣬˵ѾµĹ
Ҷȥֻǲȥ治С
ӹͭǸ¯Ҷ⿴׽ҽƵˣֻ⵽Ӧôð
뵽ǫֽһƬʱ䣬Ҷˮⲻס㣡ٲ㡭͸ϲˡ
ҶӲͷƤ߳ۡҶˮһҶ˳ȥʱЦߣҪǱ˿Ǿȥ
ҶҶˮ쳣Ĺֳֵ˸߲ҵӣȴôҲЦ԰ԽпԸûд˵еǰգҪȻǱЩҽ˲ɣ
˻СۣҶˮָһˮ·ǴߣԱܿˡ
ҶͷҪ۶ȥڴʱǰ֮ϣͻȻƯһۣһר̺Ϸ˵ŮڿҶˮһ˲䣬ͻȻһеС㣡С㣡Ϸ˽ȥ˵㡣
Ҷˮ쳤̾״ܲǲĵҶһۣЩԹǴ㲻ãģȥ
ҶаСݲȥãҪڹַ⣬Լ÷չˣ
Ǹһݲ䣬ӵҶˮǰҶ΢΢һϷߵŮҲǾĸ֣͸ղһȻԼ
Ҷϼ壬ԼӦúú˽һС
ҶˮŮʱңʲôѽ
ǸŮϷ˵СĽûɣ˵Ҫָ㣬ֻҪһ׽ܷŶС棬Ƕ׼ȥ
Ҷˮʱɫһ壬ͷҶҲǣ˼Ҳϲ䣬ȴƫƫ˼磬Ҽ죬һ׽͹棬һҪѽ
Ҷ֪ϷҪ书ԭҶϼ⻼û书ʱԱ
ҶˮǸŮ֮ҶҲŶˣȶԹһ֮ٶǰ١
ԼȻѾΪҶϼһҪõҽƵģûҽȷʵͦġ
ҶҲóȻжûдֵ֮̽ǰǲ׽ֵģõʱ淢⡣
죬ֱҶйعֵϸһ֮ʽ˹֡
ҶϼĹ֣ʵҲƬ֮еһС֮ϡ
СԼԲʮӡ
½СͣСԱ˰
СûػֻҶϼ϶СϵҽƣӦκˣԲûɿ
Ҷһ·Ȼڰ·ϣҲһЩ壬ȥѵ
ߵСֻ룬ƽߣһҶһɽ֮С
ɽ֮ڣᾣҶһҽƾûĵط
ңĳɽȥСĽ䱸
֪һ·ߵɽȵľͷֻʯȴһֻҽҲûм
һĻҶɴ֣֮еҽƣ˵Ҳа֮ҲҶϼԳ۵ıǮôһֻˡ
ΪδҵҽƳûĵط·߻أߵһɵĴʯԣ̧ͷʯȥĿ˲һͷȻһ
һĶѨɽȵԷҶɽȵʱ⣬ԲûмڿЩɽ֮ʱﰵЩҽƶסЩɽ֮ѽ
û˵˭֪ЩѨ֮УҶϼռܡ
ҽƣõķӣȴǽЩѨȥˡ
뵽ҶҲԥֱӳеһѨ˹ȥѨıԵ֮ŷ΢΢ӱֱԾȥһȽϴĶѨ֮С
˵ǱȽϴҲֻ൱Ѩԡ
Ѩ󣬷ԲߣҶֻܹǰУֱ
ں棬ԽԽСҶòȫǿͨС
ѨѶ룬ߣĿռԽСѾ壬ֻڵǰˡ
һΣǰ澹һССʯңʯҸΪңΪһƽףһʯ֮⣬ûˡ
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Ҷ֮£̧֣һȥʱĻûнʯңһĿռ֮УȻô
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ҶһſʯңһŻͣڶѨ֮У£ӦֻһǸסˡ
ºȻ֪ʯ֮еסһĹ
ֻǸͨһ㣬ס֮֫һͨ޵ڣҶȫһ飬ҪѨƣ֮е裬ûа㷴֮
Ҷ֫ޣ˿һɣȴסҶĲӣֱ泶ȥ
ٶ죬Ҷڵ϶ĥ˻𻨣һɻʹۣʱϮȫʹ亹ֱð
ʯ֮еĵ棬ƽ෴ͻʯ飬ǣҶĥ˲䱻һʺĹҺۡ
һĥ˻ǱЩ˺֮ϣҶԼŵһɿ
һط֮Ǹͣ
ڹԣȴǡ䡱һ£ֱײһʵʯ֮ϣͣ
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ϼҪѨ֮ȴָͷҲá
ʱһΪɭͬһڶʮˣ˽ˡڸп˵ĻȴҶëȻ
澹Ȼסһˣһﲻյĵطһסʮ꣬Ҳ̫ˣ˭ĵطһסǼʮꣿ


239 
ҶгԾѣ˭أҶϼʲôϵΪʲôյĵطһסʮأЩҽƶˣѵΪ˵ԭ򣿡
һ̣ҶǳױԷһɵˡ
˺Ǹпһ֮ͻȻһ۵ĳЦ
ֵЦҪڵʨӺˣҶðǹ⣬ж
ҶǱһľٶŪÿ಻ԣֻЦ֮УͿ˵Ĺ֮ǿǵ˺ŵĳ̶ȡ
˷Цһһ̾Ϣ֮˳Ц˵ǣЩ⡣
Ҳǣκαһյļʮ꣬ˣҲᱻƳһ񾭲
˰ΣͻȻڵСӣ˭ҶϼʲôϵһҶ뷴ʶԷ⣬⻹ҶЦѡ
˼ҶûзӦͻȻúӣԣ˵˵Ҷϼһ˵ţȴֺݺݸҶһƣҶ
ģ񾭲ʵ£񾭲ӵ˲סľ֣ǾΪֲˡ
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н˵ȫʺһ飡
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ո˵Ҫһ̽Ѩ֪ʦδݣ˷סѨһڵϡ
ҶŰǵһΡ
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Ҷ˫ۣǰȥȻûչ䣬ڶȴ˼ҹ飬ȻȻܰĿˣǿɿ˵ò
ЦЦģֻлƵٻƵݣҡҡ׹
΢ۣϼذݣƵżʮСȵƲ첹ɵ¡
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֪˷ɽеĹˣȴһ۽硣
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ȴǽҶֽŶһȻͷǿѹ˫֮䣬ӲҶ壬۳һΡ
ҶŪӣȴǰ˿ֻҪԷɱǾͻϣ
ʱֻҪָһۣҶ壬ʯĴ
ˣȻĽҶһ
Ҷڴ˿ŭҲЩ˼飬ΪԷ־ٶһõߵͯһ㣬Ҷ⣺Ϲûмˡ
֪ǰˣʹǷӣȴѺͷûʲôˡ
һ£˭Ҳ޷ԤϵõģˣҶҲ֪Լ׻ܻá
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˵˵Ҳˣ쳣ô꣬Ƕꣿһ꣬꣬ʮꡢʮꣿţǶףҺҪ𣬵Ҫ˭أ
Ҷɻˣһ⣺˵˭Ϊʲôᱻڻ谵ʯУĳ˭ΪʲôԼ˵ֶǵã
뵽ҶͻȻһ뵽һǾҶϼ弸ʮǰʧٵһҽ
ҽʧ֮գһֱҶϼˣΪ˭Ҳ֪ʧٵġ
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ʱǹȴֺٺٴЦıҵҽƣٺ٣ôܣҲãҲãѵһѣѽǿ
˵⻰ʱ˫峺ޱȣעԶʱ˹ҶãԷеǸпܾǲҽңӡ
ҽʧȴ벻ҽѲϵˡ
Ҷа²⵽࣬ҲͰ˾Ųʮˡ
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Ҷص˿ʲôôһĨâֵʱڵЩ֮ܿ뵽˼âԴҲ벻âǴʲô
˸ӺİΣûôˡ
ȴ֪ȷʵյҽĶѨ֮б˼ʮꡣ
⼸ʮԾκ˶޷ʹ࣬Ҳʹ࣬ɹ˹ǴΪһŵĵز
˿̵ҽһΪʵѾͻʦķ룬ﵽһ֮
ֻҽҽ㣬ֱлǣҶϼ弸ĶҩԲʹҽﵽ֮Ҳܷӳ
ˣҶΪȻǶԷһ֮ˡ
˵ҶֻҪҽȥҽܷӳʵЩʲô벽ҲûһĶ֡
һĴڣҶûз֮ҲȻˡ
֪۹֮УһߵΪﵽʦ֮ǧ֮£ͻʦﵽľ磬Ҷ۹ôˣǰԼҶϼǸ֮⣬û
˿ʮ֮У˸ָĿѣһ;֮ġ
зʽϹʱΪޣֻǹ̫ѣ˸ڳԡ
ʱֻ˽Ҷ´һҶȻü͵˵СһҪңҲûа취óˣܵ˼𺦣ʱѣʱ񲡣Գ֮ʣҪ͵컻֮ǿһıԴ޸Ŀģʧȥһ뱾ԴҲһ˰ˡ
˵ʲôˣҶ˵仰Ļ⣬ԼԤһֶˣҪٵͷϡ
֪ͻȻʼζӣƴ
òҪҶҪʩĹ̷ʲô˼ͲǱɻˣǻֱӱˡҶķҲֹˡ
Ϊˣһ˿ϣΪһˣǿǳˡ
һֻצĿסҶļͷķҲΪӰ


240 ʦ
Ҷ亹ݳ˫ۣŶԷʼһЩֵơ
ֻԷʳָĴָһϣһϵ·ʼ޷ƮҲʼһ嶼Ť
ҶӲܶ黹ת۲쿴֮ʱ˵ӲʱΪһ򣬲ʱֱñֽƬͻڲ
ʱһĹյϣֻ˫Ŀͨ죬üëֱǱ֮ɫޱȣҶƵþ֪֮һҪʩչʲôطȡԼıԴ
ʱͻȻУƣţɲֱ֮Ҷץȵ˱ԴһִɣΪԼСһϡ
֪Ļû˵꣬ȴͻȻȴЦ
һɽҼխЦֻҶ죬ܡ
Ҳ֪ǲħЦ޷ֹЪȫϢĵǶЩˡ
ȻһߴЦһɽȭ
һȭһĻɽϣʱʯڷ飬ʱȴȫ
ҶĿɿڴ૵Īַˣ˵ҶͻȻеˣһʩչʲôƨطǺ˺˵ʲôҽҡ
ģססס죡һߴЦһֲס鴤壬ȫҪֹķǲͣ
ԭ㻹û裡ҶüͷҽúЪһЪҪҵıԴҲöһǣõôô
Цҡͣһͣͣͺˣ̸ͣͷСһ˵ֱҶץҶ˶סܶһץѿסʺս
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ھǱԴͣȫըȻһй֮ٸ泩סҶʺָˡ
˱־Ժ˿̻ҵıԴȥ·㼴ѣ´󾪣ãҵıԴԴԴȥʱӱҪԴǿǺã
˹ܣǴ˿Ѿˡ
ķѾطҶʱҶǷΪһ
طȻΪһֽɣȻĿ֮
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Ժ֮УҶ˻֮ǰһС
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ЩҶ΢΢ֻһҳһͷײʯݵĶ
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΢ʱһۺ쳣ȻӵӿѸİ֮С
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ֻԵֻҲֻҶһ˲ܣһԽɶıԴһΪ
Ҳ˵ӵҶ˵ͬʱҽһҲû˱Σա
ΪԪ֮壬ѭʹͻ
Ҳ϶㣬Ҷ־ᶨԲ֡Ƶʽʦ֮
ɽ֮Ҷһ࣬ɿޱȡ
ٶȣҲһ
һɽ֮ϡ
ʱҹϷ紵
ֱӿҶͣɽµһҶƫۡ
ҶһƾԼڵΪֱ֪ܷԾһҶƫ֮ϡ
⴦طǡɽˣƫ֮ͣأʵڹߣɣҶҲЩû֪ԼзԾȥ
ҲҪһĹ˿˫ŷڵһţһᣬ߷ɶֱͬȥ
ҶԼԾԶ̲סһУºȻޱȡ
뻺סΣȴֲ䷨ֻԼڷǰȻͨһȻ׹˺ˮ֮С
Ҷͺ˼ںˮˮƮƮĻ䵽ƫ֮ϣֻһѾʪ͸ȫǱ
վС֮ϣԼһʪʪ·Цʦô
Ҳֱһ̣Ҷ֪ʦأԼȻ֮ӵգֻδ亦


241 
뵽ǰһƬûб߼ʵĺٴԾ
ûöһݣȻʱƮСۣ˺֮ϡ
һȻ׼ŪʲôЦԼ˿ں֮ϣͬһ㣬ǸеЩ
ҺøûˣҶҲ;Ƭɱ
֪˶ãȵϤԼһ֮󣬲ƮȻһɽ֮ϣķȥֻԼһƽϸߵɽ֮ϣʮһƬ޼ʵĽҶϼĺľסˡ
ʱƬ޼ʵĽ֮УȻ˵ƻ
Ϲǳ¹۵ƻҹ紵ҶһڣֻĿк
˿̲ܺڷ籤ҲáұҲգǽҲûκε
Ҷϼ֮УҲټβˣ
ŵҶͻȻʹһףԼΪʦ
Ҷϼ壬ûʲôˡ
ҶҲûȥԼʲôˣҹɫһ˳˱
ҶԳԴûйҪֻҪǿȥͳɡ
߽ҶǵһҾ¥֮ʱȴбĿĸֲȿۡ
Щȵ֣ǧٹ֣лһЩǳӵ壬ҶҲʶ
ҪȥʱЩȵ֣û顣
ӣҪԵʲôҶ߽¥ҵһŲϲ˵һᣬ֪ӦѡЩʲôȵʱһǳŮѾ˹
Ҷ˿¥֮еŮаЩ¥ģǻ˰Ȳ¥ĲΣֻǿЩ¥еŮɫɲˡ
뵽ҶҲûٿеĲ˵ֶڲϵһɡ
֪ҶĻŸո˵꣬ͷֲߵ¥ŮһĲȻԱߵļĿˣһĿ
¥ŮܿͻָЦݣòʵӣǾ¥Ĳȣɫζȵص㣬ɷΪĸȼÿһȼвͬĳԷǮҪʲôȼĲƷʲôʽĳԷ
Ҷû뵽۹еľ¥Ըôá
ʱѾ֪ԱЩΪʲôǹĿԼˣԼϵ飬ȷʵһϲֻͨ˵ҶԳûʲôҪֻҪܳԾУȻúþҪûС
ԭһ֮У¥Ŀˣ˲ʱջ˸ԹĿ⡣
۹Ҷ˵طˣ׷ʵܣǳԵģǴģǳн
һЩɽˣֻҪܳԱůˡ
ҶĻ¥ŮҲû֮ǰ顣
ҪҶһԺȵĹӸ磬һˣĻؿۣͷǳɹۡ
ҶôҲһǮһҶĲȣȻֻǷǳͨĲȣһ͵òؿۡ
Ҷֻǿ¥Ůһۣ֪е뷨Ҳû⡣
Ͼ˼ǿģ˭׬Ǯ
¥Ů˵Ȼû֮ǰ飬ȴǺܿΪҶܵһƷȽ㣬Ҽ۸Ҳˣֻǿζ˵㣬һȱʮ˱ңҿΪۡ
ȻһȲǾ¥˵ĲȣҲǷǳͨĲˡ
һ˽¥ԷǵȼĲȣȼĲȷǳͨ¥ŮǿԴеõһССĻؿۡ
һҲ׬Ǯ
ҲҶܲѵѲ𣬻ӹĻֻܾóȫûлؿۣΪ˵Ĳˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ׳һңʮöϵҶԳԵģûʲôҪ󣬾ͽ˵ƷɣǮȫһɾơ
¥ҶֻΪȾƣҪûоưɣֺα
ԣڳԵĶû̫⡣
Ҷ׳һңȴǻλ¥Ůۡ
ϵʮöңǰ춼ûлع
Ҫ֪۹һ˳ѣ˱ңֻ΢еݵˣŻһЩرҡ
ʹҵˣһǷǸȹ
ҶΪǺЩȥ¥Էֱ׳ĽһЧȫԵȵġ
ԭò꣬һĴӵܣ֪ͽصȲȸˣ˵Ҳ˵ʲôôã¥ŮǵһҶġ١뵽æ˵ӣиá
Ļû˵꣬ҶֱӴϵֻҪƺþУľˡ
¥ŮԣҲֻõͷתȥ
ɾʱֻſһ֮
Ǿ¥԰ͣСֵܣѽһǳͳͻȻſ
Ҷԣ̧ͷɨȥȴ¥ĻԺǿнһ귴ڵϡ
ϣȴǾ֮ɫһֻϣһ㡣
ҶһĻȴ΢΢һ£Ϊʶԡ͡ꡣ
ׯʱ̵ߣˣӦׯׯʮ֮һȻһ磬ɷ磬ҶֵܵӡȽԴʱһ˳
ǣȻʱڴׯô۹ķҶǡ
ҶӣȻȻҲҶеһӣûǺܾҶ
Ҷ˹ȥץסȻľ¥ʲô飿
ȻҶΪ˵͵ҲûŽղƲ׳һңȴ¥˶ˡ
ץסȻľ¥ҶʶȻæڵղŽһӵĲˣ֪֮󣬾ȻĨ˵ĵ
Ҳ԰ֻͣҡȻ˵ȴһǺ죬û˵ȥ
ҶѾˡ
Ȼȷʵǲ԰ֻͣûǮ˰ˡ
ׯΪȻٲãҲܻ쵽زѽ
ңʲô
̰µģԼһЩ鷳Ҳûʲô
Ͼô˵ԼҲׯˣϴҲԼ
ҪȻĿģҶ͵ÿһˡ
˼˰ΣҶſڵΪʲôҶǣ
Ȼ¶ɫ˿ߵˣƺﲻ˵֮ء
ҶſסȻľ¥һ˶Ǯ
ʮö˱ҡ¥ָž¥䴦һӵĲȵ
ҶղŽһӵĲˣҲʮö˱ңȻһȴҪ˰ʮö˱ңһﻹ˲ٶ
Ҳɴ˿ԿȻȷʵô⣬ҪȻҲһٳԵôĶȷʵǺܾûкúñһʱˡ
ҶҲЩóһö׸¥ĻȻԼһ̳ƣϵķ˶ÿһۣͶȻ߰ɣȥ̸


242 ɽׯ
ׯںɽǵ֮ĵһׯô׾ͱ˸ϳ˺ɽ⵹ЩҶԤϡ
ɽѾˣûʲôȥвׯңôᷢ飿
ׯ֧ߣǵұڴʲôĿŵĵﵶұ
ҶһɻȻæϴ㱻ұڷ籤׷ɱСȥ˵ұСΪ͵ǧСһŭ֮£˽뵶ǧ˻Լһׯͳʧȥ˵ұ֧֣Ͷׯ⡣СΪׯҵһɽһǰ뿪ׯܹܸسϹׯܹΪЩׯ⣬Ҳֻʧ̡û뵽һССׯȻ˱һǼׯ˵ɾȻﰡׯȻû˿ķ֮ŵˣׯ˸ϳɽ֮󣬻ڰ·ϷǣһսҴսܹҲɱˣһսǺöֵܶûˡܹس϶ˣһЩֵܴ˺ɽڶһɽһСɽ棬ΪʱûдʲôǮֲȥׯȡܹҴ˵㶫ֱҶǳۣ飬Ҷ㿴ˡ
ҶЩֵʵǣҲӦԷǮûаɣΪʲôҪ԰ͣ
ȻܲǺ˼ĵͷΪ·ϣһЩ˵Ĺ¶һʱ֮ͬģͽϵǮȫ͸ǣұϵĶӦþǮˣû뵽
ҶʱЩһﻹ治˲ŰԼǳˣȻϵǮȫ͸Щ˵
Ҳֵܱйأ֪֮ǣŻЩ˿ɡ
񲻿̵ϣǳԼҲׯˣҶΣҲ֮
ֻǲ֪ʲôطð˸š
ҶûгΪʦ֮ǰұڷ籤ǲ壬һǼţҲûʲô
뵽ҶʵŵˣΪʲô飬ׯֵģ
Ȼŵ˵С뵶ǧ˻С⣬Щ˸Ӽֱ̫޳ܣ̫ݶˣǵҪСؾ֮󣬾˵Ҫׯ뿪ɽǣҪȻǽ𡣱ΪǱڴ飬ǵʱҲû⣬֪ҹǾ˹ռׯӣׯŮˣ°ˡ
˵ʲôҶɫ䣬վ
֮ǰ˵ʤ㱻ɱҶҲûʲô飬⻰ȴʱʧɫ
ûбԭֻׯɫֻºӹŵĶ֡
Ҫǳŵ涯ŵˣһҲŹ
Ҷӱ𼱣ִ·֮ʣܹ֧ˣûбŵ°ȥȻҶı飬뵽ʲôͻȻ˵һ䡣
Ҷ⻰в˿ҪΪ飬۵治֪ӦԭԼ
ˣׯˣֻҲǳΣա
˷ֿҶȻֱǰҶϼţҶȴһȽεĵ·ֱʩչ׵ɽķȥ
Ͼ۹಻ԶڷҶǸ۹ı߾ϣƾҶڵ֣Ҫ˶õʱ䣬Ϳء
ʦʵһ̣Ҳӵ˼
һ·֮ϣ˷֣ҲֻһԼ߾ҶӰ
ʱɽǣׯ
ΪҶĺճׯϣȻԶԶûɽׯơ
ںɽǣׯˣҲǳ͵濴ȥׯƺѾĩˡ
֪ˣȴ֪ׯڵƣԶԶɽׯ֮ϡ
ֻںɽˣ֪ׯȻûɽׯƣںɽǣĵһׯȴׯɡ
ɽûκһˣǿԶһɽׯׯһʮһˣȴˡ
һɽׯǴɽׯķڷ飬ɽǰǾûзġ
֪µˣûһЦɽׯ
ΪǶ֪ⲻɽׯܣΪǸʮһˣʵ̫ǿˡ
˵һССɽׯ˵ұڷ籤뽭ڳʦ£ҲûκεǸʮһˡ
ôɽׯܶԸ˵ġ
Դʮһճ֮󣬺ɽϵĸȿֺׯʾá
̵ĵܵڽׯ֮λĴϣɽˡ
⻹㣬߹Ůǰׯݷá
Ϊʲô˵ǶΣֻΪÿΰݷãûܿ뿴ˡ
˭ֻºɽ˶֪ׯиʮһ
ʮһȴһǿ
ׯҲΪʮһΪ˺ɽǵ֮ĵһׯ
ڣׯׯ԰֮УȴЩҵ
ׯ԰ǧƵļʿ⣬Χ˸ˮйͨ
ҹϮׯ԰֮УԼƮѪ֮
ڵׯѾȫˡ
һˣûõɣͲ̤ׯһ
ʱׯݴԺȻڷһŵĵܣŵģȫׯˡ
ɫڴõĸλ֮ϣѾǷͨ뺡
һ첻ŵˣɱһ١
Ƕ첻̣Ǿɱһǧˡ
ǵ컹ûпˣׯͿԴӺɽˡ
ǵڶˡ
ȻڰĹϵǧƵļʿǰػׯȴ𲻵ʲôʵʵá
Ϊı࿹ĶǼɳˣһߡ
ЩߣȥҪɱׯˣЩͨʿԷ
ңǷˣһ֮£Ҳֻֻۣۡ
Ȼ֪ô£ΪǴң໥һ
ûдǸ£˫ǲȥƶԷġ
ǳȻǴҲԸǡ
ɱׯĵһ죬Ҫǰǡøϵ˵ڵׯѾŸˡ
а棬Ҳֻӻ˼޶ѣ԰ĵ
ͨ˻׶ǼζʲôΪİȴ֪һͲΪѣǲðķʽ
ŵˣʵ̫ˣȻ߹˶ѵΪǴǳŲɣһֱڰߵĽ̫һŭݡ
ׯ£˰һȥȰ衣
֪ŵˣȻҪһɱ
ҪĿ죬ھͲֻһЩˣֻѾׯЩһɱˡ


243 
վüҡҡͷǴȻ³ţҲ޷˳ĳȫˡŵˣҪׯǴֻҲסǼʦ򣬴ıܴǧֻܶԸһߣߣûõġ
ӦѾʦ֮˰ɣγųɱ֮УֻмλʿûʦֻҪϳ֣ɱ˳ЩˣǷ֮¡
Ĭһᣬ̫뵽ʲôͻȻڵ϶Թһ۰мѣֻҪ㿪ڣӦòܾġ
̫Ҷĵһӡ󲻴֪Ҷһҩʦ֮󣬸Ϊ֮ۡ
ڳŵҪׯǳ߳ѪȵֶΡ
ټϴλ㱻ŵɱˣׯŵϣѾȫվׯһ
Ҳ
ƾʵŵ˽ׯ˵ޱȡ
Ҳ֪ĻǶԵģŵҪׯׯҲûκΰ취
һᣬſڵ˵ŵʦֹһ˭֪ûʦ֣˵ˣɽׯһׯŲĽ飬Ϊϳ֣ǲס
̫üϳչأ֪ׯɽׯĳԹֻҪǲ˵Ӧò֪£ֻҪϽʦһ˵ö֣ͿóŰֺ֣βһ¡
֪̫Ļû˵ֻ꣬һֱ֮ڷ𣺡СӣĵԽԽ׳ѽȻϺŪߣǸׯʮһʵ̫ˣȻһɽׯһɱɽׯٵˣŲׯ鷳ҲҪǵһ¹ǸʮһСһﲻɽׯú̸һγׯ飬ûǸȥᡣ
Į쳣ͬʱҲһƸµζ
һ䣬̫밲΢΢һ
̫ع֮û˿ԥæܳȥ鿴һ֮󣬲һȻĻղӦϣѾˡ
Σ̾˿Ҷɽׯǿϣ壬ͲҪȥҶˣҲֻѣׯׯ׶༪ˡ
Ǹղϵ˼ֻҪҶӻɽׯۣǻվׯΣġ̫һСΪβȥҶӣ
վƿҹգȴû˵ʲô
̫಻˽ϣȴǷǳ˽⡣
϶ĲǶɽׯҲһĿء
ϴҶսɽׯҪڱչسʦֻ֮ͽˡ
ҪȰ˵ϷҶǸܵ顣
϶Ҷ˳ɼ
һΣȰׯ֣ѾõĽˡ
ʱںɽ֮һС֮ϡ
һšӡС¥֮ϣһ᷿֮С
ԼʮߣԶ˴˶š
ģͻʦ֮˶Į˲ѽѵĲṫųׯ֮Уһ۵ߣȴͻȻü
һԣʱһǸʮһСһʵ̫ˣַɽׯپӢӵܣֶμΪҪǹ˵飬ھȥڻҪׯǾܵ飬ӦѣҪúɽׯñĹѵ֪ׯĿ
΢΢ҡͷѾ˲ׯ˵ǸʮһЩøУǾׯˣֻ²ýѽ
һ׵ɱȥ˵±ΣҲ֣û뵽ССһɽǣȻôһóŵɱɱׯɣȵɱòʱһͳŵ˽棬ЩڣǷǸʮһйϵˣ
ߺεģ֪ΪǸʮһķӣͿߴˣ˵ǸʮһҲŵׯã֮ǰׯһ˵Ͳ֪ɽׯ˹ϵȻˣֺα²أóŵǵƤׯܱߵЩҰĲļһֻô룿ѵׯ֮£Ϊһζҵĵ߲ɣ
ɫޱȵһٴοȰ˵ڿʦˣ˵վ˴ϵĴڣΪԽߣԽߣΪ˴ҲӦʦ緶ѽ
˵ɣǸʮһСһ֣ׯһЩйصˣΪ֮£ȳһЩϢɡˣ͵ÿŵ̬ˣҪׯһЩڣǳŵ˲ˣҪǿʲôʦ֮˵һ˫֮Уһ˵Ը˼㡣
Ц˵ǸʮһСһģʮһСһȷʵǴţˣЩŸģѵķҪô
һȴǽоˮһûٿڡ
ʱׯ֮С
󲮣Ҫׯĵϵӵ͵͵ɽɡ֮Уžޱȣζû˿˵ĪڳĬ˰֮󣬲˵е뷨
ҡҡͷһŵûõģŵȻ»صׯҸҿ϶ͼıׯˣֻҪһȥֻ¾ͻܵŵĽɱȻׯפ˲ٴļʿЩʿڳŵˣûʲôãֻǸ衣
ׯǵļңǲҶˣСѾȥȱȥˣ֪ϢһἰʱϻġĪ֮󣬵ڶ˵
ֱ֮ϣһĿĽˣ˿̻Ѫ˿
Щ죬ׯ˵ֱһĩա
ǰؼʱ̴˸˹ŵˣֻͽ׮Ϊƽˡ
ŵˣΪߣΪ˶ޱȡ
ܹܾΪվ˵һ乫ͱԷ̲Ĵ˫˫֡
֮ûɱڵ̡
ׯ߲㣬ҲΪɣûɱǡ
ŵˣׯٴѳȥ
һΣҪ̵棬һһɱׯЩŵλ
Ҫ֪ؾǳţʲô
ȻŸɱ¾ĹУɱɾǳŵһ¡
Ÿոտ˵ͼ֮еˣ¶˲̫ƵĿ⡣
Ϊ֮£ȫҶġ
Ҷô뵶ǧ
ҶׯôʧȥұǿĿɽ
Ҷׯôѡ
ڴЩµҶȫӰҪׯ˳һС
ηҶǿƣֻڳˣҪˡ
֪ҶĽ涯Ƕ֮ˣֻ¾͵ֱҶԺı
Ҷһɽׯ¼Ѵɽǡ
ԣ˿̾ԹҲҽԹϡ
ɨһۣȻЩ֪жͼӣҪҶׯͱɽׯˣڽְ˼ˡ
󲮣ûȨѵǾֻɵɵĵųŵǰɱǣһׯĵϵӵִܲУ˵ԼĲ
͵ȻɨׯӵһۣſڵϣǿΪʲôȨڴˣǵׯ棬ҲֻŻһûƷûͨЩļʿߣǸʲôõģҸҿ϶ǷֳŵˣҲֻֻۣۣȫûƼ
ϼһ㻹мּ⣬ʹЩݰǽǼҲҳֹǳŵ顭һΪɭͻȻƮׯã
ǵڶ죬ΪǵС㻹ûгֻ֣ð֮ǰµЭ飬ǰոһǧǳ˵ĻһʵֵģǧҪκεĽ
һɭһ䣬źµˣǳͻأĳ֮С
ʼգû˿νģΪ۴Ǵţûп
֮ǰһֱһ㣬Ȼǲܵ顣
ȻֻˣǵǵĿɨׯ֮˵ʱȴûһ˸̧ͷ֮ӡ
˿ˣǶ־ȫеһӢ֮ϴγŹɱׯʱ򣬾ͼյĲҰܸ׻ˡ
񿴵ٶˣ˿ҲƵõĴ֮ϡ
գѹֵ˼㣬ӦϵϢһׯˣǼϢ
֮飬ͻȻЦׯׯ꣬δٶǺεȵ磬ǣգҵȡ
û˵꣬Ц֮УǶ
֪ЦУһȻͻȻ֮𣺡ׯȻδٶ֮ѣҲׯ¡
ׯˣ˵ϤޱȣϵҲǾһ񣬻Ȼ̧ͷ


244 ˵İ
ʱֻǵֵֻ˼߹ˣٺ٣ˣΪׯȥ֮ˣջһϢɣ
ŵɫʱѿޱȣкһȻη󱲣Ȼˣɣղ˭뱣סׯ
ǳŵˣɱȵұҪѽҶҪǳſʲôׯЦЦһ䣬ҶӰǳ֮С
ӡһϲ֮ɫع֮˵ҶĻ
ϵĽˣ˭̵ģҶӵ뻳ȴǷֱ֮ϣѪ˫۶ʱһһɭɱǴĵӿ˳
û˵һӿֱתһܣټϵƾȥֱϵĽˣҲһ󵭵İâʧ
ŵ˿ͻȻ֮еҶ˫֮У֮ɫ
ΪǾȻȫ֪Ҷǿʲôģ֪ҶѾˡ
ˣս֮ˣԳȵǣڷӦ֮һվλҶΧ
֮ѡͬʱ֣ΪǴҶϣܵһַǳΣյϢ
յĻϢǿֻϸܵ
ȻǲȷҶǲǴﵽʦ֮ȴǸҿ϶Ҷ˷ǳΣգԳŵˣҶʱ˿Ҵ⡣
ͬʱҲ˲⣬Ҷұкڷ籤׷ɱ·µţô
ǼȻͱٻ뿪
Сӣ㻹е㱾£Եұ׷ɱȻʵڲӦٴŶ˸㣬ǳ֮⣬һԭ򣬾㡣ׯ֮ȥɱģû뵽㾹ȻׯãܺãֻҪɱ㣬Ҳ˳һǳŵˡ֮УһˣһɭȻҶеɱ
ҶЦûͻʦ֮ǰԳЩ˼ɡ
ڣ˵һʦҶϼݣҲȫù˼Щˡ
ɱܺãҶһ䣬һǳǸ˵ǰû˵ֻһƳ˳ȥ
ǸȻҶİƳһ̣ʲôһ㣬û˿ķֻ֮ĿҶİƣǹϡ
ֻ顱һ졣
˷ӦʱҶһƽǸ˺ݺݳ˳ȥֱݺʵǽ֮С
ǽ֮ˣֻԳ鶯һ£û˶
Ĳˡ
һĻʵɵ̫ˡ
ֻһƣȻͳһŵλʿ
һ֪ʱҶûжȫ
㾹Ȼɱǳŵˣѽʣµ֮еһˣڷӦ֮󣬶ʱһŭȣֻ䵶һֱӾٵҶ˹
ǳٶȣǳȣѴﵽλʿˮ׼˵ǺټѰ
֪ׯ𾪴ͬһĵʱ򡭡ҲûҶʲôָֻһȴһ
һׯ֮ͬĵâȴͻȻϣΪ˵ϡ
ֻǾٵӣ֮ѪһһźôͷһѪȥ
Լ߽ɱͬ飬һŵˣͬʱҲûһ˿Ѫɫ
⴫˵еׯʮһȻ˿ֲǴ̽鱨ȫһѽ
ѵѾʦԴΪһ벽ʦĴڣ
ɾǰ벽ʦҲ׵նɱλʿ
ȫһȼ˵Ǿɫɱˡ
һʱ֮䣬ʣµһˣȴҲҶˡ
ҶһмЦ벽ʦ֮ҲûﵽļһҲҴſԣҪׯǳҲ̫ׯˡ
ˣȴɵɵҶ
Ǽе㲻ţǰˣǲҶ
벽ʦ֮ߣ
үһ֪Լ˵ʲô
벽ʦܶʦԴʵ֪Ҫλʿ١
һ벽ʦͿ׾ׯɽ߼Ҳһ벽ʦɱġ
Ҷ˼ƺѾȫ벽ʦԻ
Ŷǰ벽ʦҲûз
һ£Ż˰


245 ǿ
ҶޱȵĪĴ˸֮ѾЩŴĵϵӵܣʱڵ޹ؽҪˣȥɣĪ
һ̣ƺѾ϶еĲ롣
һ㣬ֻһɫѾû˿ѪɫĳߣͿԿ
һ̣ĵףӿһ˿֮顣
ãׯοƶԻ͵ʱѿҪˡ
뵽ѪҲһӿ˳
ŵ߰
ţıƥеĶǼ
ڴκ˶ҪĴڡ
ŵˣĵطǹΣÿһΣǶòСĶԴ
ڣĴڣȻׯ֮Уɫȫ
վ֮У̧ͷĳߣĵһ˵Ŀ⡣
ǵ뵽ǰЩӱɱׯ֮ˣĵðһȻޱȵɱ
֮ǰׯԳһȻܷҲҷ
ԣҲֻѡ
ڣȫˡ
ǿΪȴ߶֣ѵͲ¶𣿡һҴߣĵ׾ޱȣȴòﻰҶܲΪԼӮһ˿
ΨһҴߣĶ
Ϊڲ֪ׯ˵֮ʮһĿ¡
ѹ׶ұ׷ɱڵұʦ£Ҳɱ˴ˡ
Ϊׯʮһһʦ
һ̣ŵˣĺޡ
ǣȴᡣ
Ϊɱˣһǳ顣
֪ССһׯȻһҪ׵
һʦˣֻҲóԲˣߡ
Цʱ򣬱еˣۺ£Ϊ£ִһ
ı
ó鷳ˡ
һʦһ֮УǴ˵еﰡ
ͻȻĴڣֻ벻ùЩˡ
ˣֻҪһҲԸţĲɱ֮һҴ߸ܵҶɢɱ֮Ҳ޷סо壬Ȼֱӹ
ΪߣһΪԼηٵʱȴͻȻԼ̫Ըûȥɡ
һȥ
Ϊ߸ϵߣͨ˵УǸ߰ޱȵġ
Ǿٸ߰ҲΪ֮Ҫ
ٸһλᣬǴֻҲׯִв¡
֮ǰҲû뵽ׯһɷ򰡡
ԭΪŵԼͿʳǣһˡ
ףǳŵˣ˲ǵˣҲһƽ顣
㣿ҶЦҾ͸һᣬ˵һҲɱɰɡ
ûɱׯˣҵһγִ񣬴ˣһϣͷҰɡͻȻ뵽ԼûȾׯ֮˵ѪҲ˵Լûׯ
˶ӵһԶȡһҲټҶ
֪Ҷȴǵɨ˲һۣûп˵
ȻɣԱ
ȻҲһ㣬ʱҲ˲ôˣֱӲڵǳׯʵ˼£ֺõұ
ҶȻȻһﲻԥһ£ȴٴ˵ʵǳׯ֮ǰұٱҲǳһˣһ̸˼ʱȻҲȷ뵶ұٱûйϵǳ֮ǰȴûκҪׯֵļ󡭡
ұٱҶ⻰˫΢еǧȥţȰ˵Ƕׯ֣
æͷȻû˵ǶģнǣԴׯһ£Ҫϸ֮ܲνϸ֮ׯȻĳ˳֮ǰһֱΪҪׯСڿƺд˲ԡ
˵翴Ҷһۣȴδ
˵йϵҶԭΪ֮ûׯΪԵʡ
ڿУƺеǧӰӡ
ǧﻹǲģڽ˱Լѽ
ȻԷҪԼҶܲһ¶Է
뿴ǧﵽʲôܶԸԼ
ǧȥҳŵʱһ벽ʦҪǸ벽ʦʱ㱨йׯߵ顣˵ȴҶԡ벽ʦʻЩɻ󣬾֪ҶΪ벽ʦ
æ˵ν벽ʦʵΪﵽλʿ۷֮ڽʦʧܣֵһߣȻ޷ʦ֮һʵԶЩλʿɱȡ
ԭһЩʧܣļһ
ҶԣˣȻЩһԻ벽ʦҲֻΪ
ʦЩνġ벽ʦֻ¸һ
뵽ҶɨһۣȻԼְɣһȫʬ
û뵽Լ˵ô࣬ǲܻԼ֮Уһ˿ľ
ｫŵʮ˴ͳͳʺһ顣
ʵںִҪ
תһ룬Ҳǳ׽Ҷ
ҶԸ񣬳ҳŵ鷳
ΪǼؽƣǶµġ
ҶһʦҪţֻҲס
뵽æӻȡһŵͼݵҶǰˣųΧֻؽƣ·˼ŻƳɹģϣܶԴЩ
˵⻰ͻȻҧԼָڵͼ˼Ѫ֣ǳҶˡ
ƾ⼸Ѫֻ֣Ҫŵͼ䵽ŵУܵĺǣֻ¶Գŵ׷ɱ
ӣҲʶʵ񣬾һɡڲķ޳СˣҶѶ˱ɱͷģȴ̫
ҶҲǰչֳѪһ档
ڲСˣˣֻһ۵ʲôطôݡ
뵽Ҷһ˲ڡ
ȻҪ˲ȴڵ
ҲǶԴһССĳͷˡ
һûߣɱɱҲνˡ
ΪķϣɡҶһŽ˳ȥҲûˡ
ӵ¶һ˿Թ֮ɫȴֳϲлӲɱ֮Ժ󶨵񱨡˵գæתȥ
һĻâһĪ˵ȥͲɡ֪Ҷɱ磬ǲ⡣
˼ЩȻҶԸ䵱ˣˡ
Īͷû˵ȥ
ֻ֮Զһǳ΢ĲҽУ˵бҶסȫĲ磬ĪϮɱûа㷴֮
һᣬĪһѪ֮ٴηݡ
Ҷߵʱ򣬿ҶĿ֮УȻЩһ˿м


246 
Ǹţ֪Ϸ򵽵ӦγƺӡеԼҶЩţһ仰֪Ӧοڡ
Ҷ΢Цׯʮһ棬Ҷشôƺԡ
ԣжʱһ󼤶ׯʮһ˵ҶϿԼׯĵλ
ߣȥܹܣһҪ뿪ȥ¡ҶûͻȻ
ʤϣµĵһͣڻҳ档
ʤ飬ҶȻܷ֮ܡ
֪ҶŸո߳ݣȴһٻӰƮ
ҶӣʱôԻϵߣųŵûϽ뿪ߵԽԶԽáҶȻصׯ¶ϲ֮ɫ漴뵽ʲôҶԶǷ֮ء
֪ܾ˵İ˰ɡ
һ̣ҶУԴŮȴӿһ˿
̫ȻҲǳҶҶͬǾȣȴѵҪ˶ãŵ˾ͻҶӣһΪȻǵĶ֣а벽ʦ
ôҲˣҶ̫ɫЩ԰ףϵϢʱǿʱ˱Ƚˡ
̾˿ϴȰŵˣǳŵʵ̫Եˣ廹ûпڣͱǴˡǳŵĹ˼ϣ˵ŵ罫ׯˣҲѾ̬ȣׯĵϵӵһԳֱסһЩڣһҪȻɽׯׯڣ˵ŵˣϣҲܻ֣ԣϻûϽӰɣǧҪײ
ϣɽׯȻ֪е˭ֻ˵̬ȣͿԿ϶Լ൱ѽ
ҶкâһʲôƨʲôԼǾˡ
ڰܸ֮ԼЩ飬ҶУ൱мġ
֪ҪҶڸлʱֻһߴ
ߣ˵𣡡һ̺֮һ˿ʦ֮ڳ֮ˣҶ˶һѪڣ쳣ܡ
ҶһעڣϵĲʣ̧ͷǰ濴ȥ
ȴһʮĻߣ֪ʱǳſڡ
ϺƽɨҶһۣһֲɵСһȥ㣬û뵽㾹ȻҲãʶȤķϣһʹ
˵⻰ŵɨ˽̫һۣСӣҪݣαͲƽϣ´Σֱ档
⻰Ǿ̫࣬ʵϣȴǰ档
ɴ˿ɼ϶ڰͨ籨ţ൱ġ
ϾȻô͸˹ɫһ䣬һֱӳ˹ȵף֪ʱҶ뿪Ѿˡ
϶Ҷɽׯһ£һֱڻ
˵ҶѶ˱ͷھԲ׷Ҷȥ
̫ΪҶϧޱȡ
Ϊ֪ϵƢԣ֪һĳ˶ɱ;Բ˻
ڽ̫࿴ҶΪٸߣһʦֻҲǲһѽ
ʦĿֲڴ֪
̫ȴۼʶʦܡ
յҶǱɡ
ڳ֮ˣ󶼲֪һγġ
ǣͬΪʦҶȴ
ΪʦǿԿһŵ
ĴСһʦ־
ʦеףһʿʦ֮ûа㷴֮ҲΪ
Щ򣬵ȴʮǧ
Ҳһʦƾʱķڡ
ϵʽ÷ֱ֮ӴӰ֮Уġ
ַ֮ҶʦʱͿʹˣ֮ҪһЩˡ
ΪʦѲмʹַ֮ˡ
ϼһȻһǰŪҶĵײɷһЦڰӣֻҪϼһﲻԼҶҲȥԸϡ
û뵽˼һţȻҪԼ
ҶԴϵмＸ֪ûü֣һƿ֮һŰ۵ߣһַǳѸٶȣ˹
ֻһգʱ䣬Ѿ˵ǰ
һۣȥҲʮꡣ
ֱһǰ棬ģӦңֳׯ飬ôܶׯ˶֣ѵ֮ǰԼɣ
ϵܣӦ£ȻᷴڣֻͷСһһɲΥ֮Լ˵һ΢ĪϵҪΪһСһǼʮĽ飿
ԣȴ΢΢һȴ̾˿ģ֮Ҫ㣬ΪãԼ뿴ҶӲʮ꣬ѾŽ벽ʦΪûʦָ˵ôܣȻһʦʦҲɸߵ֣֮ұĵ죬Ҳʦ֮гۡ˵ɽɽˣܶ϶ǸָҶӵˣһʦǳҶӱǸʦĪǰʵҪӦֻҲ൱ɡҶҲǹصˣ˵Ҫ˶ãͻΪǴĶֺαҪ֣ׯѣı⣬ǰׯܹ˴δ٣ΥԸҲͰˣҪǿׯ˶֣˵ȥɡ
һЦѵҪΪڹӣׯûһˣֻɱһˣ˼òСһ
˳һĿ⣬Ҷȥ
ȴʱҶһɢɱԵõȻޱȡ
һɭȻɱȫûп
һĻ΢΢һ֮ȴЩĿҶһ˶ɽׯǸʮһ
ȻֹһйҶ¼Ҷˣȴǵһο
ҶһǱ˾һߣ;һɣ˿԰ߵʻȴ΢΢һЦҾǸʮһʲôɽׯ飬ȴЩˡ
߶Ҷĵһӡ󣬿˵ǳ֮á
ȴΪҶϧޱȡ
ְ˵ûˣǴһš
ϧǣȴƫƫϣһϵɱ
ҶΪΣ֪ȴҲΪҶϵ»
˿̵ҶȻ鵭ˣԵôݲȣһУҶйأĿȫϵʦ
ҶԼڳˣֻ¶Ϊġ
һбİ벽ʦ
˭֪һ·żĽʦ֮
һʵһ޼İߣʱһ˾롣
ǰֹһҶɱ֡
ڣһѾΪһʦģҲˡ
ɱ˲ɽׯˣǡһ̵ˣҪϾŹ㣬ֻЩܣɣֻҪԶһۣȻȥɽׯɽׯ˻ڹҾȰϷһ·Σ
˵ȴʵεĺܣ÷ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ʩһ񣬺ǳϿҵǰ⣬һͼУк֮ʱ˵ҶȴֱԽãһϼһȻˣͲҪˡ
ѵˣһŵҶʵڲףҶĵȻϵǰ˵ȷĻ
Ҫ֪Ͽһʵʦ
һ̣֪ҶһǳҪˡ
֮ǰϵ飬ټԼһԵȰ⣬ϲҶɱ֣ԶһۣͿ¡
ڣҶ⻰һֻ¾ˣҲŹҶ
һôǸƢһʦͷ
ǵͷȻҿϣ֪ҶǽԼ˾·
ҲŴһ죬Ҷʵû뵽ׯʮһȻš
ڴָһʦıӣϼһˣã˵ģҲû˵
Сһ֪ηȻҵôˣֱӿһʦ
ݵò˵ãҲЩ
Ҳַɡ
ڴֱһʦʲô


247 
ϷֻΪ£ڿȫûҪˡһûгΪʦ֮ǰҲûһʦȻֱӱҶˡ
һʬ죬û˿ԥһӣǳҶɱ
һۣޱȣǵӳ۵ʱȴܽҶֱһ㡣
ָо˾÷ǳ졣
ʦ֮һߵҪҲûа㷨ӿ롣
ңһڻӶʱ򣬾ѾܱߵĿռ䣬ûﵽʦ֮óȻУֻѰ·
ڳ϶ҶϾҪѪʱ
ȴأһ
ҶȻվԭأҲֻ֣һӡһ֮ϡ
Ҷֵһ˲䣬һɫһ䣬ȻԸţҶһƣвʵ
æջ䣬ҲǾӭȥ
ײһ޴ĺ¡֮
֮ϣѷ졣
һƹһĵһѪڣȻȻҶȴվԭأҲû
һǿѹĲʣһȻҶ
ʵţԼʦ֮ƣҶ׵סˡ
ңס˲˵һν֮䣬Լ˵㰵
УȻеԭ򣬵ΣһغϵĲ棬ҶռϷ硣
ִܵһʹһŵĪǴҲһʦɣ
ͷһ־Щʦڴɴû˵
ܿ侲һԼղųֻ֣ûҶԿȳ̶ȵĹԼ˵㰵ҲӦǺ顣
Ҷı棬ҲѾǳˡ
˵ģֻҶԽʦֵһΪͲһİ벽ʦ
˵лʲôҲһ
Ҫ˵ҶȫԼʵԼһУһʵǲš
ҲΪڴ֮Уʦ
ڳ֮ˣһ־ֲ
ãҲһȻҶЩԼǲΡ
֪һһʦ
һغϵĽУڴбɵҶȻӲһˡ
ʵóˣˡ
ôһ£
ѵҶҲһʦɣ
һ㣬ڳˣǲš
ҪҶͣѾΪһʦԺĳɾͣҪε찡
ΪȻȴÿԱġ
ղһҶĽ棬ڳ֮Уֻ¾һ˿üĿ
ԣ˶ڻҶΪʱȴǿԿ϶ҶŲһս
һ̣Уӿһ˿Īľϲ֮⡣
Ҷ̫ˡ
ʱҶҲЩԾ
֮ܳΪʦȫǰݶеǸ͡
һֱ֪Լڵʵ״ﵽһĵز
һӲһ֮
ȴǷԼȻҪһ٣ۻĳ̶ϣȴ޼
һȻֵֻҶֺγˡ
ŪһΪ֮ҶжһˣҲû̫ˡ
ȻѾһʦϼһŽʦ֮ã˵綼ûгȶȥ
ңҶղֻǶһһЩѹƵļ
붯һʦУͲ
ƾҶڵʵҪɱһʦ˵׵ĺܡ
Ԫ֮İڣͬһߣӵԪ֮Ҷ˵ûе֡
ңԽ棬Խ
û뵽㾹ȻŰ벽ʦսСˣΪƾսͿڱǰţȴǴشһһаâһһɫǳС
Ҷһֵȴǵһο
̲˵ֻʮף˵սŽҲЩѶȡ
ҶȻɨһһۣҡҡͷϼһЩ̫ʦֻҲɱ֮ΪڴΪﵽ̶ȣͿĮһС
ڴҶҿ϶ػ
Ȼ֪жôǿ󣬵ҪɱһʦֻǲҪʲôġ
Ҷжһ죬ҹԴʦûаøС
ļһҲֻСطưԣȥһЩĵطֻҲüβˡ
㣬Ѿﵽ˰벽ʦľ磿һ𾪵ҶУҶĵλԶһߵĶˡ
һʦԼΪĸѾЩˡ
һ˵ǰЩأǾһε飬ѾЩϵΪ˴
Ҷһ⣬Ƿǳ⿴ġ
Ϊ˱Ƚɣʲô鶼ΪأҲȽĵñԼĻء
һȴ仯˲٣һЩĮ˵ݣʱ飬ص˽磬ȫΪġ
ҲһҶҶӵа벽ʦΪԺʦ֮Ǻʵ顣
ΪҶڵ䣬ʵ̫ˣȫǱ
ϴȻҲٵʿҶ䣬ܴﵽ벽ʦ֮ȴʵټĺܡ
Сһһ츳ȷʵһҲΪֹˣңҲʵ㣬ֻҪɱ㣬㱾ٶׯĶ֣ŵˣҲׯ
һ˵һҶȻׯ³
ԣüͷһ壬ͻȻǰȰ˵ģҶʢΪֺαطҪ˾Ȼһߣպѽ
һԼѲϰҶׯ˵Щ
ĲûзйȴҶһƾǼҲׯϻǰЦСүϼһ֮󣬽ǳˡҶһ򽲾ԹҪ˶ãžͽڱ
СһҶͷǰкâһҪ֡
ģ㣬ҶӣһʩΪڳ֮ˣֻû˿ԶǵսನԣǾҪ֣Ҳﶯ֣޹
֪Ҷһɵӣһӡ
Ҷһ˷ǾһſԷıǮ
Ȼ֪ҶıǮʲôһӵҪȻҶҲȫһʦ֮
Ҫ֪ڴκһʦҪش۵ġ
Ĳ²Ϊ棬ҶһıǮһ˿ֲĸ֣ΪׯҪɺεȿֲɱ
ֻһսڳܻˣĽʣ޼
һȻҲд˹˼ɣΪȻׯ֮˵ȴӰİΣ
ҶֵĹУ˰ôһʦȥ֮Ҳ潻
Сӣɽµ㣬ûѪϴׯһҶĶһ仰֮䣬ܿʧׯׯ԰֮С
֪ҶҲΪׯ˵С


248 ͷ
ׯвԼϼһﻹǻˡҶЦѣ֪һԼԼȥɽභǵԼڲ£ЮְΪʡ
ҶֺγǵĴڹǽ£ɱׯйߡ
һȻҪȥɽ¾Ҷ⡣
ӻóһؼݸ΢Ц㽫ⱾؼøʤĿھʹҺܿͻ
ҪǱˣֽž֮ҶҪһֽţʤͬӵҳʤڵҪͨǿʢֻ̫࣬ҪúõãǶ֫Ҳпܵġ
еؼУҶ΢Σһģ֮󣬾ѾʧڴԺ֮ϡ
ʱӹؼŻʱһӣһҪСİ
ÿһҶ뿪ׯæҲβȥ
Ҷ䣬Ű벽ʦսʵڲҶһС
Ҳһ˿֮ɫŽ̫࣬Ҳֱӳɽ±ȥ
һᣬׯôԺ֮Уֻʣׯļ
໥һ֮ȴǴӱ˴˵Уһ˿Ȼ
ˣҲûԥֱӳɽȥ
á̫ࡢˣŸո߳ׯĴţȴҶվſǡ
Ҷӣɽľ뿪㾡ܷģϷƴһҲȰסģׯɱֵġ
ÿҶվǣʱΪҶǵĵвһҪʱ
ʵҲϣҶϿҪһ
Ϊһһʦһǳ˵ľ磬һսǳס
ҶҲһʦĳЩʱһ⡣
֮Ͼȱݺܶࡣ
һץ൱Ҫġ
֪ȰĻû˵꣬ȴֻҶŽ̫΢΢һЦǰһö˵ĵҩƵģˣŷǳõЧ㲻Ҫ
Ͼ̫Ϊׯ¶ܵˣҲ˵ǿҶӣŻȰŵˡ
Ķ飬ҶȻܲ
˵˵ҩҶռҶϼڶҩ֮󣬲ö˵쳣ƽ̫ˣЩζҶȴҲûЩ
˵⻰Ҷһӣеҩǳƽ䵽˽̫С
ţ֮Ҷӣֻһ벽ʦôţվһԵãһ𾪵ĿųҶš
ԣҲһΪţʦеֶΡ
ҶͻȻ¶һ֣˵Ҷһʦ
Щ飬һʱᣬҲ˵壬ɽǸϼһСӻϸ˵ҶЦһЦһ֮䣬ʧ˵֮С

Ҷ뿪ׯ֮ѡһɽ·̶ʮӣɽ¡
Լʱ֮һӰŻ֮С
һɽ֮󣬲зվ֮ϵҶ̧ͷɽ·ǲмЦѾٶȷŵĳ̶ȡ
˭֪Ļû˵꣬ȴֻһЦЦͻȻͷƥ㽫ٶȷŵĪΪүٶȡ
һͻأһȵ̧ͷ֮ϵҶɫʱޱȡ
ֻҶޱȵ飬Ϳɶ϶Ѿˡ
ЦһٶϣúüԷһ֪ԷȻһ
ôܻӵٶȡһվ֮ϵҶϵ飬״α
ҶĮӣҲ
ʦ֮϶ԼվڴϵһС׾ˡ
ģǰδеĸǣһָߴʤĸо
ָоĮһе̬ԴʱҲû֮ǰֹ뱰΢̬
һҶʱҶСƣͬһͷϲ˱ӵľ
һֻССϣȻҲͷıӣȻҪݺݵԷ
ŶҶ˱ɱ֮ҲΪҶԶԼϮɱ
ȻҶȻٶʤԼ˵ʲô
˵ʲôҶΪԼɶԷһӣҲûа취
ңһҲȫţһ벽ʦٶȣᳬһʦ
ԣһ̣һУȴðһǳͷ
ҲͷȻĵף˿˿ĺ⡣
ǲѾﵽʦ֮һȻԸţǽ뷨˳
µʱɬޱȡ
״νԼʦϣҶǰ


249 ʦ
ҶһЦڲŷ֣㲻Щô
СͲĴﵽʦ֮һʵڲԸҶһʦһ̣ǿѹͷһ֣û˿ԥ콣ӰҶ˹ȥ
ҶһԼҲǲһ̾
ȻһһʽޱȣϼһصĽ治Ǹǵġ
ýĸ֣Ҷһ֮УҲ١
Щνý֣ҪһȽֱ˵ûš
һһͻûһĻĻĽ꣬ԻΪʵʡ
Ҷаޣһλʿһʦֻķݡ
ʦ֮Щνİ벽ʦǿĿɲһǰ㣬߸ͲһϵĴڡ
࣬ԶԶһ˵
Ҷ϶Ҳһʦ޷һ⣬ǿд߶ڵҲû˿ʤ㡭
ڵҶ˵ǶһҲʤһ
ȻͬΪʦһʦûҶС
һڹһһѾҶ˫ָס
˿Ҷָ֮䣬ʩŸʴԼǿĺ
ֺĶԼǿʯҲԸʴ
˫ָഥ֮ʱһĸʴ֮
ѾûΪһ̣Ȼûа֮
һĻһﺧȻޱȣĽһκζֻ֣жܵķݶû˿ȥĽ꣬˵סˡ
ڣʵͰǰȻ֪Ҷһģ֪Լٶȥ
ҧҧͻȻзݣȫ֮ϣȫһ𣬵Ҷ˫ָȫȥ
ֱҶʮɵľ룬Ҷû׷ͣ
˫ָסһҶҲֻǲһڶ൱ġ
һٶȷʵЩðʧԸղһ˫ָЩʹ
ȻԷһȴ״ˡ
Ϊһǳ˵飬֮ϣȻط˸ʴȱڡ
ԼֻҶ˫ּһ£ôܳôฯʴȱڡ
һһֱ̣ɵۡ
ǲһ鼫亱ʯѾɵġ
Լ֪ʲôƵġ
ļͳ̶ȣȴɡ
һ㣬ֻСսȻûκˣͿԿ
ԣһֱһǰϧޱȡ
û뵽ҶһغϵĴ򶷣ȻͱҶŪһĸʴۼ
Ȼ˵ĳ̶ȣôأʵһ۲ѡ
ͻȻһ뵽һǳµ顣
ղҶƾ˫ָͼס£һҲ
ĪǴӣһʦ
Ҫһʦ飬ΣҲ
һȻЩ϶ҶҲһʦ֮ޣҶ˼ɱ⡣
˿̣ôҶǲʦ̧ͷҶﾡɭɱ⡣
ȻԼǾ͵
Ҷ鵭Ȼһ۽ǵģȴһ֮ϡ
϶һеһһַǳĿʯġ
ĶȻֻ港ʴһССȱڣ⣬ûŪϡ
ʵڳҶԤϡ
Ҷһٴδ߶һ幦ʱһֹ˫һӣһһƣӡһٶȣһ
һֻǸոտһĨɫɫĹâǰһӡѾֱ
һ̣һɫ䣬ʱ˹
ɢʵ
ҶȻһʦȻ䣬ʹﵽ硣
£ʵڳ
һڸҶνʦ֮ģһһҪӡѾ˰ٽ
ÿһνʹһһƵӡ⡣
ײ֮Уһˣûκֻòϵĺй
ǣҶĳƣһ㣬ܲ˼ƹһΪһǰһǰһƣ׼һ࣬һƣȴǶ׼һԴ
һŭ֮ʣҲҳҶӡಫ
֪ȥҪҶĥ
һͻȻҧ⣬Ȼ֮ϣֱһھѪȻҶԼӡֱԦҶ˹ȥ
ִ򷨣һȫͬھĴ򷨡
ҶһЦҪͬʱھϼһﻹ濴Լ
ҲûҶкζ徹ȻͬͲһ㣬׵ĳ壬˲䣬Ͷһ
ӡȴʵʵӡһϡ
һڲҺ֮һѪһ׷˳ȥ
ȴڡ䡱һУҶղվĵط
һССȻʵĵ棬һĹ֣ν
ҪҶϣ㲻ֻҲѲƤ
һΪʹһǶȫʵ
Ľ֣ȴһǰ󱳽¡
һڹؼʱ̣ǿƶһ壬ҶƣѾҪ
ϼһΪΪʦͿ԰ôҶٴЦһڰյӡõ֧֣Խʵ
ûжٴδƿ֮һ˹ȥ
һ˴Ҷ۵ӡ֮ǰӡӺˣһģʱ䵽˹ȵס
ڵ׹
ԭҶһʦʵԶԼʦ֮ϡ
Ҳʵ̫ˡ
һһӣòףŽʦ֮ɵͷ󣬾ȻȫһСѹŴ
Ѿȫûл֮ĳ̶ȡ
һôҲ顣
Ҷһ£һ߶ȫǿٻͷӡȫӭȥ
ֻ䡭һ졣
һеֱӱķɣ壬Ҳ޴սನˡ
һνֹ󣬷ԲʮڣǽһƬ֪ݻ˶ٰ
һЩʯѺۡ
ʮɵĵطһ壬һʯУȴʧܸա
ʯеһ˿Ǳ˼㣬ϵۣҲĵط֮УҲѪ˿
֫鶯֮£ʱʱһѪ
ѾǲеĴˣղʱٻ֮סҶӡڵһֻѾһ߱ʬˡ
Ҷһ֣һɢڵصһɽյС
Ȼɨһһۣ˹ȥ׼˽ϼһ


250 ͷ
ȻһҲһʦҶȴҲ֪һʦʦ֮УֻǴڵ׵Ĵڡ
ϾһٲŽʦãҲûʲôϴı
һҲûгҪȻҲԲֹ
ͬһҶһԼһһ̣
û뵽ԼΪʦ֮󣬾ȥһһ󱲵С
Ȼľ磬ûг׹̣ܳΪʦĴڣѾһַǳݡ
κʦһƽգ졣
һôҲû뵽еһֻϣȻת֮䣬ͱһ˵ľ
ڣףׯʮһһ˿ֲĴڡ
ΪԼѴ֮ͿնɱҶ˭֪̬Ľ֣ȴȫ෴
һЩɻԼǲΣԼһ߸ϵʦȻһĺСϣʵЩˡ
оⳡУҶûжȫ
⵽һοֲļһ
Ȼʽ֮ʰԼһʦ
һҶӰа̾ѡ
û뵽ԼոճΪһ˾ʦҲŸովڴ۷壬ȴҪϢһһ˱ʵڲѽ
Ҷƣһ֪ߵͷ
һ̣ȴͻȻãҪԼѵĻׯŵ飬͸ĵزɡ
ڲźڣƺˡ
ңϣҲûкҩ
Ҷ쳣Ʒ磬һ˫ۣһ̣ʧȥ˷Ҳû
ȻͬΪʦȴֻԼ֪ҶʦҪʦǿ̫ˡ
֮ǰԼ׾ٵԷǿЦ
ƳŵҲ֪ǵһɷǰɡ
⼴һ̣һһ˿ֻųǵɷǣֻҲûкùӳԡ
֪һĿ֮ʣһӰȴǼıɽ
ˡһ쳣ǳ˵֮С
ؼʱ̣ø˹
һ䣬æҶһм䡣
ҿüʱҪһǲ롣
ˣ˿УҲǾ
ôҲû뵽һȻҶУܵ˸ɾڲʮӵʱ˾ͷֳʤ
뵽õУǿЦѡ
·ϣһֱ룬ԼӦȰ˵һҶһ·ѾѾĴ㡣
ڿԼҪĶѾȫߵ˹
ʱӦҸʲôɣҶһһ⡣
Ҫֻ֣ܹһ֮ǰ˵̫ΪԶҶ
֪ķչȴǳ˵
Ҷüһۣŵǰܵңϼһһ·𣿻УҽҪûϻׯʱׯ˿ѾѪɺ˰ɡ
˵Ҷת䣬ٴڵϵһֻɱһˣǿǰķϣҪȻϼһйصˣһ
һԣһ֪ҶŻԼΪҶˣǸм˵ѵġ
ҿׯûзʲô飬ҲҿҶˣûзʲô⣬ҪȻǵɱԴֻԼš
һΪ飬ʹԼļܵǣһˣֻҲ޷Լȱ
ҶӣЩ꣬ĳػڹߣûйͣҲпͣ뿴ڹϣŹһΰɡ֪ҶɱһôҶؽԹ
Ͼһڴ֮УҲŲٵһ֪һҶУôҶ֮䣬ɵìܡ
Ͼһô˵ҲǴҵˣһǵλȽϸߵһˡ
һҶɱһΪһͷֻ¾ͻẮ˰ġ
һĻɲ뿴ġ
˵ڵһѾʦ֮
Դ˵һǳֵעص顣
ڴʦҲûмٳһڴô꣬ҲûʦӰ
һʦҶɱˣ˵ȷʵһʧ
һ˿ȫû֮ǰĮһе̬ҲΪ飬ӿһ˿֮⡣
ɽׯׯ֮ʱɽׯׯȹ
ҲΪɽׯ£һǳע
ټʦ̬֮ı䣬żȱǣΪԼվĶ壬Ӵ˾ͿȫĮˡ
һЩͨ˵Уѱ
ɽ֪ԼΪʦвҲǻɱ֮ġ
ڣΪʦ֮ʱĿһеѱҶ״ɢˡ
»ָԵʼ˼ԼΪλĵز
뵽һʼͶׯƫҶɱô飬ͺܿܲᷢ
֮ǰҶΪϣ뵽һֻϣžʵ
Ҷ뵽һΪѶԴ˶˱ɱ֮Դ˿Ϊ֮飬ȴҡҡͷǰԲϼһһ
Ҳ֪ҶΪѣĬһᣬȻϵ彣ҶǰһݣһȻ֪ϷƤɱģ˵˶ϷĿϷԼУҲȥҶӣҪɱͬϷһɱ˰ɣϷԲаԹԣȻһԸģׯ飬һȫرׯһǡ
ҶԣһѾΪҶϼһֱׯ
ҶϼҲֻʱ֮أҶǾԲһͣġ
Լµʱׯˣʲô飬Լʲô顣
ڲɱһôڰػׯһѡ
һŸոճΪʦȻҲľȥ
Ϊʦ֮ΪԪҲȳҪԶĶࡣ
йʦãûüܣȻ͸ˡ
ʱΪԼ˵飬ҶõĻƺЩԥһʱ˫һץʲôʱһ˿
ģҶ֮䣬ҲֻϵִûнʲôҶӵ͸ͷǡƺҲ֪Ҷе뷨
ףҶˣںɽһСطģضҪķ
ׯ֮УȴЩҶǳ⣬һԸӻׯҲȷʵһ֮


251 
һҲõ˼֪ΨһĻᣬǻ˲ʲôʦϣֻ
νʦϣͨ˵ǰڰҲˣӲҶǰڣ
磬ǿΪΪߣǿߵͷһǳȻ顣
뵽һǿҶһڴģҶӷһׯΪѣܼ£ҲԲκׯΥģһɡ
ҶЦ϶Ϊ˻ȻĶ˳һѽ
һԣԣûʲôԼԣ˵ԣǻħġ
һԣٷְٻġ
ҲҶϣģΪһģҲһһ
Լסһ治ʦػׯ
ɱһȷʵǳ򵥣ֻ䣬ˡ
һɱһԼ֮䣬ضìܡ
ìܣͺܿ밲Ŀġ
ԼΪ˳һʱ֮죬ɱһȷʵһôǵľٶ
˻ׯӣԼǵΪׯһػ߲С
ҶӣֻҪϷĲҸұ֤Ϯׯ飬ԲٷҲΪͻȻΪʦһʱܿԼԲᡣ
üҶԼĽ⣬һѻ
Ҷ֮ɨһһۣãͿǰΪķϣҾͷһϣܼסԼԣҪȻܵĺǣҲҪ
˻һ꣬ҶҲ¶ϲ⣬еڵطһ֮䣬ͻȻʧӰ١
ֺ˵úһĿɿڴ
һ죬ҶʧĵطҲû˵һ
ѵղŻʵĪʵҲ̫ðβŻعȴһľ̾ʦҲܴﵽҶ̶ȵģȴû
ΪղҶ뿪ķʽʵ̫ˣȻҲۼ
һҲһĴͣڲףҶղź򶷣ûóȫʵ
Ҳһ̣֪ԼҶĵжԶ
ģ߰ɣӾǳ֮Գ֮úǸп˵½иǱӻһ죬ٵǴ˰Ҳһأ
ϣ˵˭лٵǱ񰡣ӰʱҲɽ֮£ŮڴȻ߹󣬵һãȴǳ
̫һ·ȫϣΪֹһҶɱ֡
ڿҶûȴǰ˿
˭֪ýȴһЦ˵˭Ȼ˵Ҷˡ
ʲô˵Ҷӣһ֮䣬ſɽ֮£һƬǽ壬ǵǼĹ֣ǴĿģ֪ԭҶѾһˡ
ʶϴȥʱҲλʿսҾĸ߹ˣû뵽ھȻ˿Ͽʵ
ʲô˵ڽʱ򣬲ӵλʿΪһǾʵ
صĵ˵ͷҿԱ֤ʦ֮ʱ䣬һҪ϶̣ڵұڷ籤׷ɱʱûдﵽʦ֮
ĻһиȻѡ
Ҷʦʱ̣ȴѹȫûл֮˵ʲô
˵Ϊ츳Ҷ̫ˡ
˵˵ľ磬ȻͬһΣΪȴȫһΡ
һСԼûа㷴֮ƺҲпԭ顣
ҵһɺһУʱ˲١

ӣˣһֱվׯĴŴҶʱҶӰһ֣æ˹Ҳ˿
˵һЩһ飬֪˺ܾǴ˵еʦ
ҶһֱΣûʲôѿԵסҶǺܵģϾεĶ֣һʦ
ֱڿҶƽŰ˿
Ҷο䣬΢Цߣȥܹܰɡ
ʤõҶ͸ؼҳˣԵĻָܿ졣
˿̣ҶǰжʱĹǣһʱ飬ҶһϸĽ
ʤҶԺĺܶ飬Ҫ̴ˡ
Ҷٴʤһƣȷʵûʲô֮ȥݷ
ǰ֪СȥȥʲôطȱȥˣΪεڣûлҶ֮Զׯ֮ģһΪҲ̵ϡ
̳ȥôã·Ϸʲô⣬һҪŪ̵ȥ


252 
ҶһۣȻҲ̵֪֪ȥ򣬵Щ飬ȴǾбҪҶ˵ԥһ£ſڵС֮ǰ뵶ұϾ飬ǸͲֱ֪ǰŵׯСׯ˲֪ұǳ׷ׯһճŵţȴС㲢ûׯ棬ǵɱ˲ˣһںݻСһղǾնɱһ٣ղһǧˣղҪׯ
Ҷԣкâһŵ˾ȻҴ̵⣬ѽ
˵ʱڣȴ̾˿ΪС㲻ڣŵ˵߳ŭΪ߹ʱϵǲʹ˰ݵģȻУҲСԵʡ
ҶһĿֹʲô£
ЩǸҶӣ飬û˵вᣬŵׯʱͻȻС㣬ΪСòԡ
˵ȴǲ˼˵ȥˡ
ҶɫҲѿȻ֪Լļʱ黹ûзһһڵ֮ˡ
飬ǾԲġ
Ҷɫɱ¶ǵĵҶӣŲͬһǿǱǼȻֻǶǼ֮е׵ĴڣɳһϣҲǿׯʵԶԶǿԿġ
ҶûйЭ֪飬۷˭ϣ޷
ϾŶׯ˵ȷʵһȻԳŵıȣЭȷʵûκεİ취
ܽʱϵڣһǳ˲ˡ
ͨһ㣬ҶҲûҪ˼Ͼڻûг£һᣬŵǰйسŵ飬ͲصˣҿԽһķڷҲܽŪһ췭ظ
⻰ʱЩɷҶһķڷ
֮ǰɽʱһҶľͽˣҰˣҲû˵ľھĽͲ֪ΪҶ֮û£ȫǰɽһԵʡ
ҶĻŷ֣ģЩ൱ѽ
عЩŵҶӣǰɲǿ°ǰʦ֪֪ʲôʦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲûǲģԺԻ֪ˣǰȥһ⣬ֻǲ֪ʲôطǰǰŵĵͼ
ȥţ֮£æԲҲ֪֪Ҳȥ˵⻰˵æ뿪ˡ
ԼʵЩɣҶҲû⡣
Ҷصסһס죬Ūһ֮㣬һ׵֮ûҵͬ⣬Բܴˣ֪𣿡
ӣס죿һϲҶ˵֮û̫⣬ҶҪסն㽡
Ҷ§ڻУžȻҴ⣬˳ţһ뿪ȥҶϼ
һɻӣҶϼʲôطѵׯã
Ҷ΢΢һЦҶϼҲֻ۹һǼصĵ̣ȴΪ£ڳΪҶϼȻҲýһͬӹȥˡ
ŴһС죬Ҷһ𾪵ӣҶϼ
˵һٸţҶ˵ĻȴǴӲɵġ
ϻЩ𾪵Ҷḧһ·˿û˵ʲô
ļ죬Ҷʼϰ֮
˼ֻһţٶȣҶҲΪ֮զ಻ѡ
һԣƽ壬£ܸ꣬Ӧ֪ڵڶ죬Ȼ͸Ӧˡ
ٶȣҶݺһѡ
ԣһʱ䣬ҶҲЩˣѾͷǣʵڴԤϡ
ʱҶȫ̵ȡʹ
ڼ䣬żҶ˵˵ŵ飬ȥŵ뷨ûʲô
ת֮䣬һڹȥ
ʱ䣬ҲѾ죬ԺֻҪԼˡ
һ죬Ŀˣٴˡ
ŵˣֱӶׯĴ⡣
ȴˡ
ˣȫһɫİ벽ʦ
ˣ˵һССׯȫɽҲǴ´ˡ
ֻǣǿŶʱһӰ˲˴֮⡣
ǳϴʹߣǲǱׯˣΪ׵һӣųڴҶһɷһׯҲûҪˡ
Եú䣬ɼǸɱϵ


253 ·
ٺ٣үһΪôȥŵ鷢û뵽ǵԶҶȻһЦɣǴȥһˣҾһ
ϷǳţСӣǻѽΪ׵ԣ϶ʱޱȣǳȻڱĶǼ֮ĩô˵ҲһǼ
ǰ֪ߵغˣȻҪȥǳһˣûǳŷﰡ
СһٸһᣬׯŮˣǽгǽһΪѡŮˣΪ˵ǰЩӣǳʹ޹ʧһ¡
ΪԱߵһߣǲмɨҶһۣһ˵ŻһȴſݵצֱӳҶŶץ˹ȥ
һˣ·һ˾ˡҶЦһһӭǸߡ
һһצഥɫߺֱѪ׷˳ȥ
ոջڽޱȵһ벽ʦȻҶһƸˡ
Ѫϣڵϳ鴤ϵĻߣڳļˣ˶ݵĴ͡
СôĵɱҳŵˡվΪ벽ʦڷӦ֮󣬺ԥҶ
һֳֳޣһֳֳǹֹҶ·
ԣҪȷҶ˫˫֣ȻٽҶĥ
ǿȻɱǳŵˣȳ̶ȵĳͷǷǳʴȵĴֶˡ
Ϊ׵ӣҶ֣Ҳһ󾪲û뵽ǰˣȻ˲ɱһ벽ʦʵû뵽顣
ҶҲȻûб
ղҶ֣֮ܵһǸУҶղŵһƣ͵Ϯĳɷݡ
ҪţҶҲһ֮䣬ҪǸߵ
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һĻӵǣ¶һ˿ɱ⣬κθڳǰŵˣһֻ·һ
һССׯ͸ǳŽѰ·
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Ѫķȵ벽ʦصʱû˰Ϣ
ˣ벽ʦȻϢˡ
֮ǰҶһɱĻߣǳڶ̶̲һӵʱ棬Ȼ벽ʦ
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սǳţҲǳǿսˡ
ƽʧһҲ۲ѣڼգۼ䣬Ȼ
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ҹһǰȥǳţΪ׵ˣΪ֮ɭǳŵһϣ˿Ҷ˼ƺԼȥһ⡣
СӣѵΪʲôʤأԹɡ
Կ϶ƾҶɱ˳벽ʦֻҪҺԼȥţǵһСӻ뿪š
Ҷɨ֮ɭһۣЦ˽ǳŵǲɶ̶ѨڱүУǳƨǣǰ·ɡ
ⷬҶ˵ðޱȣ֮״
Ҫȴò
֮ɭȻҲҶһ滣סˡ
ȻȷҶһΪ״ﵽʲôĵزԼĶԷ
ȻԼĶԷǽԷţŵʵԸȴò顣
뵽֮ɭһЦСӣ־ߡ
԰գҲҶɱֱ֣תȥ
֮ɭߣЦѣȻȥǳ£Сӣڵʱ
ɽ֮
Ҷ֮ɭһͷϣ֪ôϹġ
ȻģֻҴģ֣ǰߣװʮ֣ÿתһ֣㶼һ
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ٶȣûкɵķɻ죬ֻ±֮һĿУҲ޼ˡ
Ҳŷǳصĵط


254 ڶ
󴬺ܿʻããĴ֮С
κһģƣԶԶǺɱȵġ
˵Ǻ˵һƬûб߼ʵˮ
ǺӵĿȣ䳤ȣԶԶ֮
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ҶһɨȥȴܶһƬԱ
֮ɭҶҶ˿̣Ѿһûʲôˡ
ȻҸԼȥţСӻǻˡ
ڰ֮д˰֮ŵһ޴ĵԱͣ
޴һбϣһƽͷ
ͷĸͣżʽͬĴҡ
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Ҫû˴·ҵط
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˵֮䣬ʮղŻһ׺ݵĺ¼ʿʱͬһ㣬˵ϡ
Ȼҳס֮ɭҶ˫֮Уܻ棬ôҲû뵽ǰˣȻ˿޼ɵڳŵͷס
ղҲҶɱֶһѡ
ֻֻ˼£ɱʮ¼ʿɱˣйϿˣҲûװɡ
֮ǰҶǸ벽ʦֶΣ֮ɭͻȻ뵽һǳµ飬ѵˣǴ˵еʦ
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û˵ʲôԲʹõġ
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һǧ׵İʯ̨ףֱӴһƬȺӵĽ¡
һ̨ףǰģһʮ׺ʯš
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ҶҲа̾ǳţҶϼ壬ģȺɽЩɽׯǿ̫ˡ
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ԳֻׯһȴֱӽǶſڣû˵ɱˣղͷ֮ϣӿǰѲʿûһӹĶ֡
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ȻĳţǷΪϵΪһϵϣԳһϵ
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255 
ҶȴüͷͻȻڴϵʲô£Ժ̸ڸҽϴȥׯµˣȫүû߶
ҶȻһȴʹŸ˲
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˳֣Աߵ֮ɭûüֹֻǸҶѵˣһâУһѪ룬ڵϣĲˡ
һĻ֮ɭ֮ͫУһ˲֪ҶĿֲ֮֮ɭȴǷǳ
ղһȻһŵĺװ͵
ҶҲûǸԼĺӣеĳȻҲɱ޹ˣڽЩֽüǧѪϴš
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ԺХڶҶǳء


256 һ񵽵
ҶХվķλһ󷨣ȴҲû̫⣬ǽѾеĳ׵һߣȻׯʮһӦ֡
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ӵһĺХ죬ұۣҲǱնϣðѪ
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ҶĿֲȫ⣬ֻһʦ
ʦܣ
һССׯôһĿˣ
ţֻҪҶԸ⣬ƺп˳š


257 ֲʦ
ʱһЩڣӦӱȴׯ¡
ԼϣҪǿȢׯĴС㣬ҲôǵҶɱš
ڲ뵽ЩƺѾ޼ˡ
ҲһЩѪ֮еʬ塣
Ҳȫûа취⣬һôո˶
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ȫ֣Ҳڰ֮󣬲նɱ벽ʦ˼һо͸ˡ
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Լΰɣ
뵽̧ȳһһţԷҺ֮ʱ϶ԼûΣǰһУġ
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ô˿ȴΪ뷨ĸеЦ
ΪҶĿֲѾȫ񣬿Կ϶Ҷǣ治һܵ顣
Ҷȴû˵뷨һХȥЩ飬Ȼˣ͵óһ׼
Ҷӣһɱ˳ôˣеԹҲӦó˰ɣһϵͳͻȻ˵Ķ
û֮ǰһüĿƵİߣǳͻأĳ˵ǰ
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ҶٴδһۣȴȻкι֮
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˵޵ΪԶڵ֮£ֻǸոսʦѡ
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һ˲䣬Ҷ֪⵶޵Ĺ֮ϡ
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϶ǵұˣôͻȻ
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ܲı϶һ仰סɡ
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ȻҶӡŸոĳ϶ڿնһ֮һȭҶӡ
顱һ֮
Ҷӡֱӱɢߣȴǵ뺫Хм䡣
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ҶӣˣᣬͲʦ֮ɼд֮ˣֻһɷ̫أΪ㻯һȫһָ˵̬ĮҶʡ
ҶŭЦҪⱾүϵɷϼһ㻹浱ԼǸﲻɣүڸһᣬ뿪ҪȻһɱ
ɱԹأϷҲֻеˡ޵ȻɨҶһۣףֱӷݵ֣óһֻ޴צ˲䳯Ҷץ
ߣдүһѣ͸աҶһڶȫ֮ϣ˿õ뵶ײһ
顭һ֮
Ҷ˳֮ԶĨһ˿Ļȡ
ͬɣȴһصҶ
û뵽ֻǽһغϣȻᱻҶһѡ
Ҷ֮ϣƿ޷ͬʱͷţ֮մڵ޵Ƥ֮ϣöԷһСİ
һν֣ҶҲûռٵıˡ
һУֵֻܹ޵Ĺʵ̫ۺˡ
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ңҶҲԼĶȻմ˵ȭͷƤ֮ϣҲֻǸʴ˵ȭͷ֮ϼСһص㡣
ĶûüЧͱ˹˳
þտĹҶĵװǱԼĶմҲ񵶷׾ٵĽƳڡ
ߣȷʵһȽϿֲʦ


258 ҲҪһ
һΪޱȣž˷ʤƵȫֻ¸Ҳֲ˺ѽ޴ʱĻѾЩɭҶ֮ǰľٶǼŭ˴ϡ
ұĵޣȻҶһѣʵȻޱȡ
޵Ŀֲ˲֪ĺܰ
ͬһʦԿ϶ҪɱԼԲС
ڣƺҲκҶ
κβҶôһҶƼˣǽʲô³
뵽ʱһҶѪֶΣʵĺ
ղŵɱ¾ǿķǳ
˵ֱҶǰʩһҶӣȥׯ£ȫֻΪһ˽ǳţȫûйϵǳųϻᣬǾХݣţйغХһУӴԺ󣬽ǳûаϸ𣬻Ҷӿ϶һƬĵķϣǳһ
ҶЦЦĿһ۵ϼһڼȣˣһϵˣүҾͲˣХһϵˣ
ʵ⻰Ҷ˵ΪˣҲնݳХһϵˣ
ڴ֮ǰҶȴΪһ顣
Ǿɱ˺Х졣
ֻҪХһжҲܸѸ뷽һЩ
ȻѾ뺫Х쳹׽ҶȻҲһ˻ϡ
ԼûʲôҪԺХȥԼЩ˻Ѷ֣Ҷúһˡ
޿ҶԼ棬ȻҪɱˣһҶɱ̫أʵڲ£汾ȥұסһЩʱհɡ
϶Ҫץүȥұ𣿡ҶͻȻһЦֱڿնμ֮䣬Ȼֱʧ˳ŵʯֹ
ΪҶѾɱ¾ʱȴ֪ʱһɫĹâ˲ֱ֮˺ХĴ֮С
ŵɽ£ԶԶҶޣүͳŵĳԹǾʹ˽ӹˣǵұȻһ٣ٶǵүͷϣȵпգҲȥұһ˵ġ
ƺûҶвĻһХԴ֮еĻâǾȻǽϵղҶ֣õȴľϵĪǴӣӵ
ˣһѾĺХ죬еһ
ԭղŵҶûóȫ
ҪǸղҶһ˫붯ֻʰЩˡ
ܿΪԼѡ񣬸еһ˿ҡ
ҪνʦϣҶģڵĳţֻ»ܱҶˡ
û뵽ӣȻӵ¿þ޿ҲûһˣٶȿҶʧķһۣҲһΣӰ
ˣһѶͷϵ亹ųеˣֱӸŴڿʼϷͳ죬ϷĵһǳŵˣׯˣΥߣļˣҲ֮
ŵˣԾĽһ
ΪףҶˣһǳſܿġ
Ҫǵ޼ʱֻǳѾҶˡ
Ҷ֮û˳ţΪûҶԵĴ˼ɡ
Ҷһ㣬ȴû˸˵
Ҷ뿪֮󣬾ͷ֮ϣѰһҴʻããˮ֮С
ǰţȻѾХһϵȫˣҲǸһĴۡ
Ȼûˣȴ˴롣
һۿ޵ʱ֪Լ϶Ķ֣ɱ˺Х֮ѡ뿪
ԭյĴ㣬֮󣬾ȥұһġ
ڿԼȷʵС˵ұ
ұΪµһֻ̣ԶԶԼ
ֻһޣѾޱȣ񵶷Ĵڣҿ϶ǵұΪǿˡ
ٵұǸ˵еı죬һʵҪԶޡ
޶ܶοǵ졣
ûʮְ֮ǰݻұ֮С
ɲΪԼһʱ嶯Сڵұ
Ҷվ֮ǰ·صʱҪмס·ߣ·;ϵľҲһ޶ĻҶҪԼǲߴ·
֮ǰʱһ·϶ӰΪطƫƧǻ̡
ڵˮ֮ϣһۿȥһЩССĴֻͣ˺֮ϡ
ڴͷļװϣվƱ뺷ߣһЩĵͽߡ
Щ˱˴ɣʱϳһСŶӣʲôжһ㡣


259 ŷ
Щ˷ܵ鿴Ϊ֮£Ǽȥ̽һ
ϵĴֻȻŲ٣һЩͨĴ㴬
µ¥Ҳֻֻ
ֻ¥ļװϣվ໤ңÿһΪͣм벽ʦҲЩ֮С
Ҷմӳųһƣﻹе㷢飬ΪЩˣǰ֧Ԯŵġ
Ҫǳ͵ôˣ컹ͱˡ
ںЩǰķ򣬲ǳţҶ˿
ЩҪǰ֧Ԯŵģŵλö֪
ңЩΪ򶷶Ҳ˶ô˸߲ңϾκδ򶷣ǻ˵ġ
˵ˣҶҲţƾһССĳţҲܵЩˡ
ɼȻЩ˲Ϊ֧ԮŶΪʲô
ЩҶҲûм뿪ǼʻԼСһЩȽҵĴʻȥ
ЩϵˣҶݴʻ˹Ҳû̫⣬Ȼڸ۴˴κ¼
Щ˵УҶȴҲһЩ顣
ԭڼǰұɳļʹߣǰвš
Ȼ˵ú㣬вʵǣȴҪ˳š
ͬΪĳţ׵ڵұԳŵһЩսɣȻͷ˷ұɳļʹߣȫɱˣǼʹߵʬ壬һһͻ˵ұ
ƣұǳ׵ŭˣɳ޴ŵұɱСӣͼ˵ұ
ɾʱŵڲȴңԴΪ׵ɣѡ뵶ұԳΪսɣȴѡ
һȻʱı⣬Ҫȵ֮һʰ˳š
һ޾ʹŵұˣںһСʱפ
Сϣȴõұˣһǳ˵Ϣ
ΪһұĵӣѲСʱ򣬾ȻСһĶ֮Уҵһ߲֪ȥ˶ݹǣȻ飬߿ݹǣ߿ݹнץסһŹŷ
ŷ
ֻǽ֣õұļˡ
ŷ˲õĶ
ϹʱڣŷΪ࣬һǷǵ
˵ϹʱڣݷƳķ䣬Īһͨˣֳַ䣬ҲԷ׵硢СһЩǳֲĹ
ڵǿԸصĶĵҩ
ĵҩ׹ǣ˵湦ЧһЩҩƾ˵ԪߵĹ
һЩҩνҩ޷ǽһЩҩģһ氾ҩ֭һЩ̼֮Сҩ衭
Сҩ裬ĵҩȽǹЧֱ֮˵ȫûпɱԡ
͸˵ˣϹʱڵʦÿһУǺġ
µţǵֻǷѾʷĳ֮С
ϣżйŷ֣Ҳֻ쳯һЩϹż֮С
ɾ쳯أÿйŷΪ֮ͷѪ
һŷ쳯أ˵ϡ֮أˡ
κһߣֻҪܵõһŷǷǵֻ֮·ؽһˣҪƽ̹˳Ķࡣ
һܵһŷӿϲ¥
ˣŷֶÿһˣҪӵõġ
رЩڹŷִǵһַǳȵĵز
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ǵõĹŷȽ϶棬ǳΪһǼҲǴпܵ顣
ϾϵǼϵ޲ǿϹżҵġ
ЩĹУҲŹŷӰӡ
õŷҲǺܶࡣ
ϾŷϹʱڣҲǷǳϡٵġ
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ұĹŷҲһǳ˵顣
һŷ쳯ǵ۹֮Уǵұ˱ͷԣҲжԶͶԶ
ϾĵطʸŷһȻ񵶼ұǸȻŷ
ﲻͬǴ뱱Ľ֮أһܵĵضΡ
ƾұ˵Ƭľ԰
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۴ǿ̶ȣԶԶǵұЩܿģ³һڶҺֱӽұĸָʮ
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޶۴ȴ־ŭһʦȻȫһûа취
ʵһŵ顣
ٲţʵȴˡ
Գ֣Ҳֻ۴Ƭϣ¼ǳ˺ۣ޷׻ɱ۴
˽ֱľ棬ޱȥҪֵͷ
֪ոյϳŵʱҶȴɱ˳š
޾Ҷʵ֮ǰһֱû
ֱҶų֮ʱȴ̲ס
˾һ֮󣬿Կ϶ҪҶǿһ
һǵҶȫˣʱ򣬾ɱҶԼҲ⵽ش
Źŷûеõŷ£ôҶġ
Եսһĳ̶Ⱥ󣬵޲ѡһᣬȥ
ڶԸҶ֮ǰԼӦýŷŪԺ˵
뿪СǰѰֵʱɭϵĽ
ǶСŷһ£˭Ҫй¶һ֣۴
޵һã˵ǺҲ˵޷졣
㲻㣬޴̫ʲôطˡ
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ұǸС֮˴ĶȻһЩ⵽ˡ
ˣһֺĶ
ЩλȽϱҲǲ⡣
Ե޶ڹŷһµĴֶΣȻǷǳΣɻǱЩͱ˳
ڸεһЩˣͨЩĻȴ׵ľʹв׽һЩ˿
һȻǵòˣĹʹƬˮ
һЩʿĴ̽йŷϢʱ˶˳
һ뱱ߣȻ·;ңԶܼʱ
һƬߣȴѾ


260 ϵ
һŷںˮϢһֻҪǸ΢еˣʹˮꡣ
֪Լùŷϣ󣬵ϵˣ˭
ˮҲΪϢһյֳһƬǳ뷱ľ
ڹʹˮˣʵ̫ˡ
ͣںϵ洬زôˡ
һʹúˮһѵĳ档
գܶ˶ֻɽּ䣬һЩľľӣ˺С
ߣֱӿһľӽ˱ĺˮ֮УźĵСȥְѵһĻᡣ
ޣڱжôˡ
ŷһ£ֻеұ֪ŷ˵ҲᱻǵұŪ
Ͼһǳչֻһûǵѣȫ˺սһ۴ĥȻȡ˻ĶĹŷ
û뵽ϢȻһЩͱ˳ȥ
һ֮ǰ趨̵ƻȴȫΪӰ
ұƬȻźܴҪۣȫ˼ɵұ
ֻҪ˹ŷԶұΡ
ԣһŷǲǻ䵽ұУ޻ûоԵİˡ
ڽˮˣǺˮһЩͨߣʵٸߣҲٲʲôط
ôãһ벽ʦˣûпҪǰѰߣˮ׼ǵұˣǿ赲Щ˵ġ
ϢҪһЩ벽ʦʦĴ˹
ˣǾҪֻҲ
ϾǵұȻԶɵұıȴˮʮ·̡
˻ȥȱҲԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
ΨһϣģԼĶЩʿܾĥ۴
ֻҪ۴һǵһʱõŷǾ½ˡ
ˣôʣҲܵǵұȥҪŷɡ
Ƭ򣬱˵ûܸǵұУǵұĵ̣Ҳǲ塣
㵶ټ۴ǿ̶ȣҪ˺սĥҲҪʱ䡣
֮ڣ޸ûκΰ취ֻĵȡ
ȻڵȵͬʱҲɳһЩ֣Сıؾ֮·ҪɱһЩʵľߣֹĵС
֪Ϣ֮󣬱ȥҶҲ
ΪҲĶˣһŷ
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ҶԦСһСĸ֮Ͳһˡ
˿̵С棬㣬㣬ССĴֻΧ˸ܲ͸硣
ҶССɿա
ЩϴӴˮߣŷǡ
֮󣬴ֻѲǰˣҪϵΨˮιȥ
ȻȻָһˣҶΪһʦȫ̤ˮ
ԣƴӾʱҶѡһ۵Ľ䣬С
СһƬ֮󣬼ÿһξ룬һЩʪ©©ߡ
ȻЩˣΪŷӾġ
һЩʵȽǿˣ֮󣬾ͽǱ״̬
Ȼһˣʸ񾺶ŷˡ
һˣС֮ϣռһƬ
ǴеĿ꣬ǹŷֻ㲻̫ռݵĵطһ£ǲ㶯ֵġ
ҶʱȴҲαװһ벽ʦѡж·ߣܿһЩˡ
ʱұˣѽǸĶԲ׵ĵط˽
κ˴򣬶ΪԵұƣӶ⵽Եɱ
ڻĶİ֮⣬ͣ
޵뷨Ҫ׵ĵ
ǵԼ˴δ֣ʵһ㡣
⣬˿̣Ȼûһʦ벽ʦȴ˲٣Ҫ¾ŭЩ˵ĹǵұҲܻΌס
淢飬ǿɾˡ
ԽǽӽĶľ룬Խлùŷ
һһεǱҲȻС֮ϳˡ
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ϾĻ£Խ٣˵ĻᣬҲԽࡣ
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ҶΪһߣȻЩǱ
ֻ֪ΪеĵطǿĶĵطڷһûб֮ǰǲǸġ
ԣҶȻѡһñȽïʢĴԾ棬Ŀ
Ǳˣ˲
СӣǴүĵطӹҶոձ˫۵ʱһǳͻȻԴ·
Ҷüͷ΢壬۾ɨ·һѾ۳Ķ׳һָۣһֻһİâ
Ǹһݵ׳ûôһ£ֻöͷ֮ϣһʹԺеʶһƬģһڵϡ
ݵ׳ֻ¾֮ʣҲûףҶһһСȻһ˿ֲɷǡ
ȻŪ֮ҶϢĵطʱࡣ
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Ҷɱ˵ַȻһˣ
ɷ£⡣
ʱҶʮɵһӲݴУһǳ΢ȴ૴˳
͸Բ֮Ŀ϶ԿһƬӲݴУһŮĿ⣬Ҷڵķ
˰֮󣬴ŮΪ鶯֮УͻȻһ˿ΪթâһΣʧԭء
ҶȻǸŮĲݴһۣţȴ̧ͷϿյɣ۷ͬ衣
˭֪һ˰Σĵطȴǰ㷴ӦҲûУҶ˫΢УкâһٲɱҲˡ
˵Ҷ׹һֱӳ֮˹ȥ
ѽס֣⻵˼ûôôҡһǳ鶯ͻȻдּ鶯ҶҲΪ֮һҡΡ
ò˵ŮˣҶȷʵʹɱֵϰߣŮ
һ鶯ʱҶж֮еŮûʲôɱ⣬һҪǻĸо
ת֮䣬ͻָ˹аһȻԼ˵


261 Ӱ
ԼΪȻˣŮûʲô
뵽Ҷüͷһ壬СãһǿƵǺģʲô£ͳ˵ҪţɱҲˡ
ҶܸоڰеŮˣȻΪֻа벽ʦľ硣
ϵıӦò٣ҪȻҲԼǰȫסԼΡ
ҶȻܸоķλҪڵöʦ֮
Ҷȴڵı¶Լʵ
Ͼ޶ԼǷǳɵģҪöԷ֪ҶҲѱԷҶ֡
һ޲סʱŷɾޱˡ
Ҷ뷨ŷԼڰнУõ֪Լĵ
ԣ˿ЩŮҶȴҲûֵ֮ͷ
Ҷһ䣬ڰǸŮЩõ˹Ȼûһöðɣ˼ҳˣҶǶߣΪŷʱ
仰һǳӰҶ֮С
Ůˣһ˾Եľ
µ޿޵ݣ۰ѩļȫսÿһ˵
ŮվҶĲԶһƬҶִָҶתţһ˫֮Ĺâܴ󵨵Ҷɨɨȥ
ҪӣҾ͸ıƺղҿۿɱˡҶĿ⣬Ȼֻɨһ£˿
Ů΢΢һ£״ζԼòЩ
Ҫ֪ǰǿˣ޲ý˶ˣҶ֮Уȴûһ˿֮ɫⲻһ˿֮ɫ
漴ʲô˵⻰֮ȴɨһڵϵ׳һۣȨ»صԼϡ
Ҷȴüͷһֻ۾ɱˣ
ŮɺֺЦֻ۾ˣ
۾е⣬ӣһûȤ߰ɡ˵Ҷָһ֮ǰǸڵϵ׳Ѩ⣬ʱ
ûŪ׵׷ʲô飬ȴԱһǳȻѾԶ㣬Ҽ㡣
Ǹ׳ƨҷһУͲӰֻǷסѨ޵Ůһ͵Ҷ
ҶȻСҵɱҲ߰ɣһ˶йˣϲ˺
ߣСӵˣúȥˣΪСϡ㲻ɣŮݺݵҶû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ҶվŮȥıӰһ֮󣬱㽫Ů飬֮Ժˡ
СϵˣѾʼжˡ
˷۹ߣѾʽұ˶ҪǴ򿪻Ķķߣñ˴˶ӵйƽĵĻᡣ
Ҹǵұǻǻˣ˵ŷǵұֵģ㲻ǣҪƬ˭ҸǵұġһȻվߵǰˣʦƣǱ׼˳
ĻĶȷʵǵұֵģĹŷȴ֮֮Ǿߵ֮ǵұǲǸߣڻȷˡ
һڸұŵߣҲûʾʹԵһʦҲûԸ
Ͼŷջ󣬶κһ˵൱ġ
Ȼ۴ǵұĥģҲܱʾеĶӦùǵұáȺ֮У˳˵Σõ޵ɫǳѿ
ҶվȺ֮УȴһֱųĬ
ֻȱһɳ֣δ֮ʣɲԸ⽫Լ¶
ǵұȻǿƣᱦģֻһЩɢޣ޹ңҪǼǣҲ¸ǵұģ֮Զ
Ⱥ֮УеˣѾȥˡ
һȷʵץס˵ұʹš
ڵڵұ˵ǷǳĲġ
˿̣ѶߣԽԽˡ
ЩߣȫԸǣǵұһߣеʦֻҲóԲˣߡ
ڵѾȫ˵޵ĿƷΧ
ڵҪǵұˣҲû˿ԻŻȥ
Ҫǳ׿ŷȴҲЩ̫ܡ
Ͼŷǵұֵģĳ˵ŹŷҲұˣΪԼ֮
Ϣй¶ͻȻôߣȴʹ޲òЭ
Ϊףһս˴ұˣֻû˿ԻŻȥ
ھ㵶г˲ԸȴҲòŷߡ
ˣߣǿԷſʱǷʲô⣬ɱֱûλߡɨ˶һۣŴŵұˣȥ
Ȼûȷ̬޵ΪǱ˷ߡ
˲֮һߣǸĶķȥ
ҶҲβŵٸǰֱһξ롣
ʱѾܹһػĶĺ۴
һʮɳľߣ˿̣ѾһľѪ֮ϣۼף˴룬ͷǱһЩ˺ӣڶѪ
ʵϣڵĺ۴ûȫ͸Ҳʣһˡ
ʱ䣬һһȥ֪䣬ֹʮӡ
һ·ʱܻߣҧһұʿҲһʿĴ֮¡
һǽĶȡŷɾûа谭ˡ
Ҳ̲סеĿһŻĶ汩ȥ
ʱһֱվΧۿߣҲʱ򣬿ʼұµķߣƴŻĶȥ
Ķһߵı󣬸޷࣬Ҳʮ׵ľ롣
һ룬һʦҲǼʱ
£ʱ䣬Ҳ൱Ҫġ
ڵ޸ոճ嵽ڵʱԱһƬ֮УͻȻһȣһӰ˲ʹ֮У˳ͬ˶ڸ
ǵӰٶƣ»ڵ֮ǰС
˳ɣҶǵұĶͲΪһ֮޿һ֮гӰɫһ䣬û˵һգһ˳ǹѳУһƬǹ꣬˽ɱȥ
һţҲǰ˱֮һ棬ͬʦ˵°˱ϵʵƶࡣ
ô˱֮еĸʦǳϤ
һӰŸոޱϿ˴ˡ
˳ɣŲСĳԹʱ޿̣뽫Էء
˿̣һֶҪŷǻಫ
˳ȻҲһ㣬аâһȴǳһת֮䣬սһš


262 ǿǿ
λʦֻ֣ӰĴɣԵľ磬еҶ춼ǡ
һĻڳˣ۾һλʦսһٲֻ֣¾ûлᶯˡ
һʱ䣬еĿ⣬䵽ǽаɸߵĶС
ڶУо߿ݹǣڿݹǵУץһɫƤ
˵һƤô£࣬Ȼǹŷˡ
ΪϹʱڵĹŷһЩǳƤģ޾¶
񵶼ұû˵ûֹˡ
Դ˿̣ˣǷĳǸڣ˹ȥ
˳кâһһˣ޳ǹ
ʮâȳ嵽ڵʮߣʱЩâ֮¡
Щˣɱ֮˳ҲٹܵޣһΣֱӳ˶ڣٴҪȡ
˿̣Ƭ򣬳ǻҵ˼㣬ǳҶȡŷʱ
ģƤӶŷѽһŭͻأʧٴγ֣˳ɵͷһ磬˳ȥ
˳붴ڣֻа벽֮ңۿҪȡùŷĶȥȡŷǱͷ֮ϵޣһǹͱ
֮£ֻмӽٴκ͵޶һ
ʦٶȽ֣ߣΪˣʮˣͻ˵ұ֮˵ķ˶ڡ
ɻûǳ嵽ڣͱ޷ӳʮǹâնڶǰ
ʦȻΪ˹ŷۣ£һЩСɫ֣Ҳ鶹ȥײˡ
ԣһ˸ҳ򶴿ڣ˳ɳ֣ǵ޳֡
֮򶴿ȥˣڷˡ
˭ٸҳ򶴿ڣضɱЩһֶᱦһۣ˴˹˹ȥһʱ䣬ֶѽѷ֡
ˣսϵˣΪ
ڵķ壬ܻܿû嵽ڣͻᱻսеʦնɱ
ߣȴʵЩġ
Щļһʳ뵶ԽԽԶʱ򣬲Ҫгȥ
һ壬û
һ̣ʳɣַ֣ͣ˹
ʦĹٶ࣬ҲֻͲ˰
һʣµЩߣǳʶȤ˳սȦ
ǲû뿪սеʦڱ˴˵ľ֮С
ʦսȥǵĻᣬˡ
Ȼ飬ôֻܻᷢҪһᣬ˶Ըȥ
ɾڴʱ֮УִХʦ
ʦκֻеɢޡ
ɾеɢޣҲŷɴ˿ɼŷ֮
ʦʱȻʱһƻ˿̲һһʦԥͼ˵˳ɵս֮Уͼʹսֳӻҡ
һʦǶֱ˻Ķ
ģһڶʳ˳뵶һ̣ȴ൱Ĭ˾ͬʱ֣ͣѡһʦ˹ȥ
ﶷһñ˼˱ˡ
˿̿ǿг֣˺ԥʱյĳԹʦӭȥ
ʦôҲû뵽ѾսѽѷֵˣȻ˲תսǡ
ûѡֻʱеĹŷӭս
ĸʦսʹ棬˼㡣
һһЩĴҵˣ̲סˡ
ΪԼȺĻᣬˣҲû룬ֱӳǸĶ
ȴСĸʦսʱɵƻ
ĸʦսನֻйһЩͽĶ߰˸ᱦߣɱ˵
һΪʦ֮ߣͽӽǸĶ
ĸʦ˺˵սನһ£Ҳû˸ҲҪǰˡ
ĸʦ˭ǰᱦֻ¶òѡ
ҶȴһֱȺ֮Уûгֵ˼ֻڵȴһᡣ
ʦսţôˡ
ʦĴ򶷣ֳֻԽԽңֻҪֳһĳ̶ȣʱҶͻ֡
飬һС
ڳֵ˲䣬һٶùŷһʦΧסǽ鷳
ڹעʦսͬʱҶҲϵɨܵȺҪЩȺ֮УǷʲôС
ʱҶͻȻüͷһ壬ڲԶ֮ǰǸǳȵŮ
ŮǸӦҶĿ⣬ҲתҶһۡ
ȻһۣŮһ˫Ȼ֮ɫ֮£ǿζ
ҶŮһۣͺǵȻջԼĿ⡣
˵ŮȷʵǳˣҶȴһֱܵĸоŮԲǡ
ҶǹϵûٿǸŮһۡ
ֳϵĸʦʵ޼
ɵ˳ɵңȴɢ޿ɱȵġ
Ϊһŵʦ˳ɵϣȻҲŷ
޾͸˵ˣ֮ǰȡĳǹһ
ϼһŷʵʱһأ֮һʦһǹ˼򣬶ʱս
һʦԼͬˣʱһŭȣһƱƿ˳ɵĳһ˵ͬǰץͬ飬֮䣬û֮С
ͬΪʦ˳뵶ŷҪɱʦȻҲһ׵顣
Կʦߣǵޣ˳ɣûȥ׷ɱ
֮ȻԹŷΪǿɲΪ׷ɱʦŷ֮ܡ
޵ģҲ˴˶˼ʮˣٶ£ֻҲֲ£ǲȽŷŪֺҾĹ
ʱĵޣҲǾóЩʧˡ
ֻʦ˵ʦ
ҪǸʱֻ¾˳֣ҲԶᵽŷˡ
ãҲд⣬ŷʱҪܡ˳ȻҲʱҲ뵶޶ȥˣû˿ԥʹӦ˵޵顣
ŷȴܷڵ޵ϡ
ϾǵǹƥһˣҪǵ˹ŷͽұˣޱˣǹŷɾûķˡ
ͬ⣬ҵڹŷ֮Ȳһƣϼһ˹ŷһ˶̡ȻҲ˳ɵĵǣҲû뵽Լܹŷ
ֻҪԼڹŷ沼һƣ˳ɾǵ˹ŷҲ
ҪϼһҪƣŹŷ
ϼһϼ޻֮ˣȴǷġ
˳ɣǵޣͬ
ͬ⣬Χᱦߣȴǲˡ
ŷ֮ҵùƽƾʲôǾŷĹ
Ҫ̹ŷҲҪͬͬ⣬Ⱥ֮ʦҲóԲˣߡ
ŷĹҪǴһ
ЩƻĻһֳߣһӺȻ
һЩŭߣһЩǽϽĵұ֮˶֡


263 
浱ǸﲻɣģǾ;ܳһǡ˵Ľһߣμ֮䣬Щ򵶼ұֵˣһһѪ֮С
һ˴֮󣬵ָһ岻ѵߣȻȥŷȡ֮Բеұ˽ȥȡŷȻΪ˳ɵĽġ
˳ɿûõұȥȡŷҲǵ˵ͷȻͬ޵顣
Ǹ޵ļһԥ˰Σҧҧڵĳȥ
ҶһĻȻԼٵȥˣߵһȽƫƧĵط˲עʱѾ˻ĶȽϽĵط
ɾҶҪʱϵ״ȴע⡣
ϳĺڵ㣬Щڵ㣬ǱĶǸָࡣ
ЩдС෱࣬һ⣬Щ񣬶ײѪ
ÿһֻУðѪ⣬СϵˣЩ񣬾һֱ
һʱ䣬ֲҺ֮С
һֳ̣Ļ˿
ˣܵЩϮ
ҶҲ⣬Ҷȴע⵽ˣֳ֮УһˣûЩϮ
ˣ֮ǰǸǳȵŮ
ͻȻҶһ֪Щ˭Ūˡ
û뵽Ů˱£ӴȺ
Ҷ֮ǰͻɣƾŮıʵҪȡŷǲ顣
ԴŮʱ򣬾ͶŮһּɵ
֮ǰҶһֱԼΪλŮżɵ֮ɫǴŮȻʹӴȺ
ЩȺŮȻпܶȡŷˡ
ʹ˶ȺĿ֮һǸֳ
Ŀ֮ңʹЩ߹ŷ
ЩȺĳ֣ŮĿģܿͻﵽֳܿͻʧء
ʱԼֻҪһʯ񣬾Ϳˡ
뵽ҶȻһЦûĶ˵֮С
ʱµȺһһķ˷Ĺ
Ҷ֣󣬾ʹһҵĽ֮
ҿЩ񣬰۾ˣҿˣ죬˭ҡ
ҵıӣҵıҲˣġ
ͻȻôӴȺΪʲôĹǰ
ǰ׳ղɣЩȺʹģϽͷ¡
УҵƨҲˡ
ܣܣﻹʳǸײС
Ⱥ֮УһƬңܶˣˡ
ֳǳʧȥ˿ơ
ˣ淽λܡ
һЩܵˣǱֱƵڵأݺݱ˼̤
˺󣬲ҪҶ˭ٸҳУɱ⡣Ⱥ֮УЩˮļһŻңŶг޵ɫޱȣɱˣȴҲȻûʲôЧ
һĻһֱϵŮһ˿Ц⣬һУֻͷͻȻһֻ޴İ׵ŴŮչ֮С
ҶŮѾߣҲٳɣһæȥ
޵ģѾʧˣ㱣ŷҶˣǧ﷭޴˻һ꣬ƾһ֮·ҵֹ˳Ҷᱦ
˳ɣ޵Ļûаɣɽ
ֳ֮УֻҪ޲赲˭ŷ
ԣһɽͿ첽ߵһ߿ݹǵԱߣһ߿ݹеƤץȥ
˭֪ʱһֻ޴ķݣͻȻɽ棬һȣʱʹɽ֮Уҳ
˳ɱĿڳ֮ʣһֻݣѾ߿ݹǣ˫һչΪһ׹⣬ſбȥ
һĻ˳ɣбŭ˫Ͳȵ棬ζȻȫһֻȥ
ǣʦٸߣڲе£Ҳиޡ
ǵ壬嵽ʮ׵ʱȴǵûץһֻ
ֻڷɵǰ׵֮ȴ
˴󲻽ʱǿ֮Уһѩ״Ůһֻ˹ȥ
һĻѾص˳뵶죬ŭȣеĳǹ볤ʱΪ磬Ű֮еٸȥ
ǸŮԦѩ״񣬺׵ĶΪƵĵ˵һֳۣźצµһ߿ݹץȥ
ʱ
ǸŮ֣һ߿ݹǵʱһɵĴȴǴӵ֮ϣֱӹסֻ˲ͽ֮֮С
Ȼ֮УһĲҽУֻ׹ĵطһӰһš
ʱ˳뵶ޣȻһֻ׹ĵط
ڣݹҲڣһƤȴӰ
׵֮ϵŮһĻ֮ǵһŵӰ䱾С군ˣ군ˡ
һͬʹһŮŰ׵񣬷ھ֮ϣȴţ浰ۡ
һĳ棬ǳ˶Ȥζ
ССҪ񵰣СԼĲ߻ĶᱦƻȻ;˺ʵܲˡ
Ůһ仰ȴֳĴˣ˵㡰ʶ
ѾģҲ̫뺷ˡ
ھȥС˭ܼݴ뿪С˭Ҫݴ뿪˭жᱦɡ˵һڵұˣȻ˹ŷһû뿪СǸѣСҲҪǿɶǿҳ
ǵޣ˳ɣ˿̣ըˡ
˿භôãƴ˼ʦû뵽˶˹ŷ
ǵڣûףˣΪ֪ŷջᱻһֻߣһںıؾ֮·רű˸ҹĳš
ȴ֪ⰵгֵˣԸǸеŮЩϵ
뵽˳뵶ޣʱ֮еǸŮ
ڿǸŮһ˲䣬ǵУȴһ˿֮ɫ
ΪŮµһֻ׵
˵˵ķݣǷǳ׷ġ
ǣķݣȴʵϡޱȡ
˳뵶޵ݣҲûʸӵķݡ
ڿһֻݣһʵôߵŮУУɲһ˿֮ġ
뵽ңſеŮȵСװˣǸȡŷˣӦһ·ģѹŷҪȻ뿪
˵дĳв֮⣬Զ
Ҷõŷ֮ԭصģȴû뵽񱻵޼񵽣вϵŮ
СѾͷΪڿУǾû취еɣȻڿУ棬Ҳʮɡ㲻ŷͱǲˡ˳䶢Ű֮еŮһ˿â㲻ܵõŷܲһͷ׵ҲǷǳġ
ΪһʦðȻŮİ׵˿ʵ
ŪһɣŲܶס˵졣


264 
Ȼ˳뵶һ˵ڳˣһҲЩŮǸг֮˵Ĺϵ
ڳˣȻɵӣҲ֪ŮܸǸг֮ˣһ·ģֻҪеϣûԸ֡
ңŮ֮ǰȺҲ˲ߣ˵ˣڴŮЩԹޡ
ԣ˿̿޵ˣֶԸŮûվ˵
ϼһҴС׵⣬ŰɣСܿȥǵļ壬ݺݰݷǵġŮڵ˳ĵ뷨Ȼǳ
ȴ˿û⣬˵⻰Ҳ˳뵶޵ķӦİ׵Դֻ׵һȣҪ뿪
ʦһСѾͷӣʱǵɫޱȵࡣ
˿̣СѾͷ뿪˶һۣâһͬʱ𡭡
˳еĳֱǸŮ
еĳȴֱӹŮֻ׵
һĻ˶΢΢һ
ʦȻһŰ벽ʦ֮СѾͷ֣Ҳʵ̫һ㡣
Ȼ˵Ů֮ǰȺ˳Ծ˿ͷ
һ̣ˣΪŮ
ϾŮһûеơ
ߣΪһУҵСã϶űСıɡŮ˵ֻ׵Ȼ֮ǰֻᲢ۵ġ
ֻ׵񣬾Ȼͨһ㣬ȫŮָʾŮָʾУ׵Էǳ鶯ķʽʦһ˫Ἰչ֮£Ѿɵɵĸ߿ա
ﵽɣǵ˳ɣҲ޷ˡ
ʦͬʱһŰ벽֮СѾͷ֣Ȼû֡
Ƕˡ
Ůڰ׵֮ϣɨ˵˳һۣżԦŰ׵ƿնȥ
Ůߣ˲ſʼС֮ϣǸڰȡŷ֮˵ټ
ȻҶ֪Ҫ£ҳȡŷˣϣ
ϣ󣬲ûϣ
ԣ˿̣С֮ϣһ
ˣںˮС֮ϣҶټʱҶѾȡùŷ뿪˺ˮ
Ȼô뿪Сģֱˮ֮УһˮǱǧ֮ˮȻò̤ˮУ˺ˮ
һУν֪
˭֪ȡ߹ŷˣһʦһѧ̥Ϣ֮ˮǱС
֮ŰߣвٹŴֻˮȥҶȴҡͷһЦµͷһǳɾ·
λֵܣˮ׷ʲô飬ôôߣʹϣҶ߳ͷʱһŸոͽȴͻȻסҶ
ͷ֮ϣһЩŸոոˣҲͣš
Ҳô˽⣬˵ǺˮһС֮УһŷҲȥ￴ǣںˮһ˰죬Ҳû͵һҴУˣΪܶһˮЩˣˣ⻹ûˮˣѾҪ˺ˮֻŷǻ˵áҲͨˣŷСǲܵõģ˵С֮ϣŵұأҲ²⣬ŷӦûǻᱻұĶߡ
˵Ҷҡͷ̾Ϣһ֮ɫ
˵ˮС֮ϣŹŷ֣ΧҶڵˣһҶûʲôһ飬ֻǲйŷ֡
ȻڵұˣѾ˺ǾҪȥֻҲôءҶĽұ뽫һЩ粨ұ
ȻҶ⻰һ֮꣬ǰվͷϹΧˣȫ˺ˮΪܵõһ洬ִ
ԶԶģҶܵЩ˵Ƕ㣬ҪȥˣƾұȨƣԵõŷ
ںˮôߣǵұõ˹ŷҲҶ̰ɣ
㶮ƨǵȻĶȡֻҪ㰲һұˣȺ֮УȻһңڰе˶߹ŷν֪顣
ʱ򣬾˻ɵұ˹ŷû֤ݵ£Ҳǲ÷
˶һĶҶֻŪһ磬ⳡ𣬾Ѿ˵Уȼ
Щ˵ҶٺһЦ뿪˺ˮаԵŷҵˣɵұȥɣ˭еұǴ˴ζᱦ֮УΪǿƵĶᱦء
ڵұڷСʱҶѾ뿪˺ˮһǳأеоеĹŷ
ɿ˰ΣҶüͷȴԽԽ
ŹŷĹ֣Ȼһʶ
ԣŹŷϵģǺʱڵġ
ʱڵĹ֣ÿһޱȡ
뵽Ҷһ뵽Լʶ֮еİƤ顣
ⱾȻʶ֮а仧֮󣬾ȫû뿪˼
ҶҲ֮ƤȴǸһûа㷴Ӧ
ʱеĹŷһʶ֮еİƤ飬ҶͻȻƤ鷢һʶȥ֪һ𣬸мСھⷿҲ÷һЩ⣬ϴʶа仧ˣôҲܰסɣɣҲҪ㸶ˣһŹŷֻҪһ£ҾȨ㽻ˡ
˵֮ҶһĿԼʶ֮еİƤ顣
һӹȥ
ӹȥ
ʮӹȥ
ʱѾȥƤûа㷴Ӧ
ҿӻΪܸ߹󣬲ռ˱ˣԭҲһƤ˵һëΣҶٶʱˡ
ҶĻû˵ֻ꣬Ƥ鷢һ󵭵Ĺâһй֣ͳҶԺ֮С
Щ֣һŹŷĹ֣һ壬Ҳȫ졣
ҶֵǣЩ֮ǰڹŷϵʱȫ񱻰ƤŪԼʶ֮УٱƤĹâһգȴȫˣͲ롣
ҶȻ벻ʲô£ȴҲ֪ӦƤйء
ͨһ֮Ҳûȥ룬ΪʱѾȫŷסˡ
ԭһŹŷһ
ȴЩǱѰΪƿռָ
ռָһ㶼ǽռյ̶߳ȵ˲졣
Ҷе棬ӵһ˿ռ壬ֻҪƿռָĲϣԼѪ棬ܼһ˿ռ壬ԶΪһöռָ
˵ҶеһһģѾƿռָĳ̶ȣֻҪҵϷУȻ󼤷̶Ⱦͳˡ
ּϹʱڣҲΨһЩλߵſܵõ
ϾʲôʱҵһռˣΪһƿռָһ൱ѵ顣
˵ӵһռָʲôطһλ
Ҷܵõһһһƿռָ˹ʺ˵


265 ϲѰ
˵ãһֲϣȴĽҶסˡ
Ҷϼĵ̣ĲϣҲղ֡
ҪһöռָҪ׼Ĳϣʮ֡
ÿһϣޱȣмֲϣǮҲһ򵽡
һҶҲˡ
Ϊ˸һ¿ռָ֮Ҷʷ˵һΥԵ顣
֮󣬱ӻгһˣرңһ֮е֮
չ֮һ֪ľӨ޽ǡ
һ֮󣬴³һ޴ϣһŶҵˣǧ˱ңһǳĽ
º۹һǼ֮Уһ洫ʯֳһӵرҡ
һº󣬶ŷ߹¼
һ꿴Ż԰֮еһտղݣǸ󹺿տղݣžܾ֮꣬쭡
ŻƤӵ£һоͽǵסˡ
֮£ֻôӦҪ󣬽տղݽ˳
õտղ֮󣬵ͷŵıŵﳤȥ
ɽλڱ紦һɽ
ɽ֮УǸɽ롣
ɽ֮Уּܲ޲ʶʹ÷Ҷɽ⡣
˶֪ҶɽȴǴһұı
ɽɽΪĵ򣬶պĵұѳƿš
һЩǼһ£Ҳְɽ顣
İұһС
һ£ûеұɣκԴǾԵɱ⡣
һգȴһһˣ˰ɽһɽͷ֮ϡ
ˣһˣҶһˣʤ
ˣҪԵұ֣ҿɲǸ⣬ұǴһʵԶᲢ۵ġʤԱߣȴǴüͷ
Ȼ֪ұʵԶ֮ϣ࿹⣬ǿռָĲϣѾյĲˣھֻʯʯˡѾõϢұڼʮǰһɽ֮УﵽһʯһʲôʯԹұڵӹʯȡˡʯ쳯أֻҲǷǳ֮Ǵ˵ұһ飬֪ʲôʱ򣬲ҵʯԵұȻǵɽ𺣣ҲҪһҶ飬Եúǵ
ˣǵǿȡ𣿲Ҷϼ壬ǳǮ򵶼ұʯΣԼҶϼϢҶǸ֮ʤʤдһ˵
Ҷԣȴüͷһ˵ұܽʯۣĳۣۣҲܲҶϼܳܵ˵ģ뵶ұͽӣ񲻷ִ㡣
ҶԶһƬģ޴ĽȺкâһ֮󣬲ŻͷʤҵжȻׯɣҪ飬ֻ֮Ҫչ˺ˡ
ˣһˣͶһʱ뿪ܡʤҶĻ΢΢һȻû˵꣬Ҷִ
ҶĿŵұһһȴǰ۵ôһƬǷɨҲһǳƴĹ̰ɣһұÿյˣһ١
ʤɻұɨвʹӣʲôϵȻһϵ֣ŸոճڣʱͻعĪҪȥұˣѵ١
ԴӣԽԽˣûұȻӲֻҸӻȥһʵĻᶯ֡Ҷתʤһ۵ȻȥɣõұʯҿҪ뿪һʱ䣬ׯѰв˲ٻҪǷʲô飬ǻԶϵɡ淢һЩѣԱΪȡ˵⻰ҲʤûףһƬ޴ĽȺԾȥ
ʤҶȻǰٷ֮ٵִУҶһ֮ܿͷۻصׯ
ɽ޼塣
ʱ˿̣쳣
ˣϵرۼ޼һ㳡֮ϡ
һ㳡Ϊȫðʯ̵棬ʮ򳡴С
ڹ㳡м䣬һʯдͷ塱֡
ǵұ˵ӣԼū͵ĵط
ǰμӵӦƸߣʱһ£ǵұ˴Ҫ٣ѲǧǧֻҪףֶ֮ԱӦƸ⣬˴εұҪⷿԱһ٣ⷿԱͬһְλҪ߲Ӧûãһˣʹż˳
˵Ȼ󣬵ȴܹĴ㳡
һ㳡ʱ
ҶԣҲüȥȴǸˣһ벽ʦۺһ֪ĹȻͬһ㡭
壬һǵҵġۡ˵Щ뵶ұļһġ֮ۡ£Ρ
ȷʵǳ˵ã˵ǵұӵұۣһѾﵽ˰벽ʦĶֻ֮һͿԽʦ֮Ҫ񰡡
⣬ѾעһʦǾͲҪ֮Ტˣֻϣܹͨˣ뵶ұӶΪұһԱһֻҪԺѭ浸أұȥԺԴͲ÷ˡ
ǰҽ뵶ұΪܵõԴֻҪܽ˵ұһˣұҲṩԴ㰲һΪһԴҶƴƴᣬΪһȽͨ幦ͻᱬһѪȵɱ¾Щɢ޶ԣֱǳϦʱΪһСС棬նɱ
ڳӦߣ˴۷׷ףȻЩš
ǵұƸĵطҲզΰ˱˴Щŵ֮УһŻ꣬Ǹߵĵǳˡ
ˣǳᣬʮ˾꣬һУƮˣԳһַǷ
ĵǳ̬ȷʵǷǳ٬ɢȴǾޱȡ
ʹһЩúԶӦƸߣҲоһ־Եѹȡ
벽ʦϣȻİ벽ʦѾߣܵǸϵƣһȻаҴϵһ㶼һĹһ֮¡
˴ӦƸϣȻһ꣬һǰӦѡ֣жһ󾪲
ҲӦƸģ˵ǳһ˲䣬ͻȻһӵұĻѾΧ֮Χ
һΪȻڵϸݱһԣһ벽ʦҲ뿪޼ġ


266 α
˼ҵַӦҶûзϡ
Ϊ֪κһ벽ʦŷǷĵλǱҪǾԲ׼һ֮Ƶġ
ԷɣҶȴ΢ЦҶ֣۹ҶҶϼĺӵܣڴ棬ǰҶϼ壬ӦҲܼܲ뵶ұ
ڡҶ֡ݣҶȻֵ׼¶ڡ
ҶҶϼҪҶϼȨƣΪԼ鹹һݣ˵׾ٵ¡
ҶҶϼʤԼ֪
ұͨҲ뵽Ҷһ죬ΪҶϼɡ
Ӧ֮ǰҶλòţֻҪǧǵ뵶Щˣ⵶ұ֮УӦû˿ʶݡ
ǰ벽ʦΪҵұĻǷǳ׵飬Ȼǰףǵұûв֮ġڰֳҵȼľȣֻһİ벽ʦܼ뵶ұҲʲô߼ְλ
һӽҶΧĻǽ䱸ĴҶһᣬǶӳָ£ص˸Եĸλά㳡ϵĴ
ҶЩҲûУڿ˼ҪæиıһϢʩչ˰벽ʦ
֪ҶŪĶҲԶԶ
ֻһţ̺ʦԴʶʱܵ˿֮޲Ʊãӿ
䣡Ȼ䣡һӳ𾪵㾹Ȼڰ벽ʦ֮䣬㵽ʲôȼĹ
˵ǰҶϼĺӵܣҶϼһֱҵҶϼϰģҶϼһЩĹôƾҵݣ뵶ұӦûɡ
Ҷɣ˵޷죬û˿ҳ
κһᰵļ̳ߡ
̳ߣֻһˣǶˡ
Щˣ̳ߵĺѡˣǳɳ֮󣬾Ϳʼ˴˾ʤߣʸٵǼ̳ߵı
Щ̭ĺѡˣЩž޵ѡ̳ߡѡ뿪
ҶϼΪ۹ǼȻҲһλĺѡˡ
Щѡ֮УҲȷʵСҶ֡ˣʵҲǰ벽ʦ֮
Ҷ֮ǰѾԼݰ׵ˡ
ԣ˿̾ǵұȥϼ̲飬Ҳ϶ְᷢ⡣
Ҫ뵶ұϸϳ
ȻһҶϼĺѡߣƣҶϵֳʱһ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳɨ˹
ҶŲԼƣһӣһΪԵҶϮ˹
һ֮У֮̽⣬ȻǿҶʵͬʱˣҲȷһҶ
˵ľٶҶ˿û⣬һʦһɾˡ
Է̽ĵףڳ˵Ρ
ǵֻҪҶ򶷣ҲδؿԿҶĶߣпܿʵݡ
һΪ벽ʦҲһǿߣҶʦУȴȫ
ҶһҲûһ£ɶԷȫ£ϯһ顣
Ͳţƾһ̺֮̽ͿԿ塣
ϵĹǳۺ񣬾Ǳ֮Ҳֻѷɫһ㣬ʣ治˲̽һҶûֵʲô쳣϶ʱ¶һ˿ЦݵȻҶϼ尵ĺѡߣ;ܳɾͰ벽ʦ֮δɹǵұȫûġ
˵ļʿȥ̽һ£۹ҶǵҶϼ壬ǷһǺ棬ʲôᱻҶϼ壡
ʿԣʩһУתȥȻǵʲôطȡ鱨ȥˡ
Źʮӣϼʿһ˹
һʿУһᣬݵǸ˵еˣҶϼȷʵһ˽СҶ֡ӵܡϧǣھᡮλʧ֮󣬾ڴ֮ϣв˵ʲôλĻҲ£ҶϼĳϣҶϼ塣ǡҶ֡ĻϢͼ˹Ŀ
˵⻰ǸʿŽвӣǸ˵У
òһ㣬һϢҲһҲһ޶ǲмˣãܺáҶġݡ֮󣬺ŽеĲӣ׵ǸʿУҶѾ壬ףȻҶϼˣֻҪԺһΪǵұ£ǵұҲǲġǵұһʥʿÿһʥʿа벽ʦʵΪҲʻһ㡣ɣȴ˴Ƹ֮ȥΪ˵飬ϣܵõӵĿأӶΪһʥʿֻҪΪʥʿͿۺˡ
˵⻰֮󣬺˲ԱߵһŮԸȥһסĵطӴԺǴһϵˡ
ǣˣһվںߵŮǵȻɨҶһۣŵ߰ɣ
ҶҲ۲һŮһλµŮҲһͽݵ̣ҪҶϼһ
Ҷϼ֮УһЩĸŮͨŮֻһЩͨߡ
⵶ұ֮Уһ˲ˮū澣Ҳһͽ
⵶ұūͣ治һ˿Եεġ
ҶŮ޼ĺɽ
޼ǰɽڵұոۡūĵط
ںɽһǳ׳İʯݣһݣɽֱͨұĺĽ
СӾȻƾŰ벽ʦΪֱӳΪ˵ұһϵˣ˹ʺˡ
𼵶ˣ˼ǰ벽ʦһʵһ֮£Ǳ޴ֱӳΪʥʿҲȻ顣
ʥʿ˲õݰ˵ʥʿĵλߣиרȨڵұֻڱ볤ϻᣬ˵ĵɡ
ٺ٣ʥʿɲôףܵϵģ˵ұĴӰСȻΪ˴һϵˣڿʥʿʱѡᱻƳһʿ
ǿɲһ˼ô˵Ҳһ벽ʦʱ䣬ͻƿΪһʦ˵ǴˣǵұıҲмѣӴ˳ΪҲһ
ߣڳΪʦҲǴһжٸʦһʦһ˽ܣƾղСӵʣ˵ܴﵽ벽ʦ֮ǾͷˡΪһʦⱲӣֻ¶ûʲôָ
⵽£벽ʦ֮࣬һǧ벽ʦ֮Уһͻʦ֮Ǿð̣˵ˣҪΪһʦ찡
Ҷֱӱӵ˿УлΪʥʿڳӦƸߣǸпѡ
Ľߣ֮ߣҲ֮


267 ʯ
ЩеĸпҶȴûȥˡ
ǸŮ˰ʯݵľͷȴǱһǧɵĸ߷壬סȥ·
ɽ壬ʯڹ⻬˵ûĵطֻмɽ֮׹뷭ɽ壬ΨнЩˡ
ȻֻǶһ˶ԣƾڵʵȫؽЩ
λС㣬³է⵶ұʵڲô˽⣬֪ɷ̼⣿Ҷվʯ֮£ŴʯϵȴͻȻڵ
պ࣬ʲô⣬㾡ʺˣ˵ģһ㡣ŮҶһۣûΪҶ벽ʦݣڵֺҶȻ⵶ұ֮У̫İ벽ʦ
˵⻰֮󣬲ֽһƵƣݵҶǰƣպˣǧŪˣұκεطʱ̶ѲӵļʿʧԼƣЩʿļ飬ܻܿᱻɼϸѺ
ԭСպˣС㣬֪ҽ뵶ұ֮󣬺ʱܳΪʥʿҶ֮ΪʥʿΪʥʿĵλǳ⣬ڵұκεطж
ΪʥʿڵȡʯȷʵǷࡣ
ΪʥʿһϸҶһᣬŽ͵ʥʿֻҪǰ벽ʦͿԵϵġɵʥʿýһҲԵұףֻĹ״ﵽһٶȣſΪʥʿ㻹ոս뵶ұ˵ľټǰ벽ʦҲǲܽڱģ˵ʥʿˡҿ㻹Ⱥúڱ֮Уӽãȴʱ죬ôӳ棬ΪЩţܷΪʥʿڣ붼룡Ϊ˴һϵˣһ벽ʦ㲻ܳΪʥʿ⵶ұĴҲ൱ģÿһº󣬳˹нһöԪĹԪ飬Ӧû˵Ϊ챦ֻǵұӵУ˵Ԫ̺һַǳֱӹÿһöԪ飬ڵұ֮У쳣ҲͰ벽ʦߣÿһ£ȡһöڰ벽ʦµߣֻͨΪұһĹ֮󣬲пܵõԪĽ
Ҷ˵ܽ뵶ұһǳ˵飬ǵұһƬԵ֮УһС͵ԪʯͨսǲŸ˰ռһƬԵຣ壬ڣǵұҲһƬԵຣϮߣǰһƬԵɱຣ壬ֻҪɱຣ壬ﵽһͿԵõұԪĽ㹻Ԫ飬˵°빦Դʱ䣬һЩຣԪ飬ȥɡ
Ϊһߣ˵Щ飬һ·Ůְ
ԶŮٶҶҲûе֡
ҶӹݹĲӣϸһ£ⱾصĶҶЩȤ
Ȼ֪ʲôԪ飬֪ԪĺôΪϣöԪ顣
ʲôຣ塱ȴĲô
ƾұȻҲֻıԵɴ˿ɼգԶġ
棬ļ˸ָĺ壬Լǵ츳òԵһЩܡ
޺һЩռĽܡ
һССĲӣ̺ϢǲСͬʱҲҶ۽󿪡
û뵽ȻһЩһЩҪʮϰٱ
Щ֮ϣŸֲͬ壬ʦҪԵ򴳵Ҳֵļգ˵ȥںˡ
˵ʦʱһֻ棬ҲҪС
ңķ籩ֲһ֮У֪ж飬ķ籩֮С
Լ⵶ұˣһССĲӣصݣȴһЩΪصϢ⵶ұȻΪĵһıԵС
Ҷεȼ䣬Ȿص࣬΢һ飬ͰⱾݣȫԺ֮С
ԭ飬Щ̬ĺ壬࣬ԣ粻֪˶ٸһЩںе壬֮УҲһһǣΪһǻ塣飬ڵ֮ϣܷ֮У۵ľ棬ȴҲһʲôֵ飡
ҶϾ磬ҲвˣһЩ飬Ҳһ˽⡣
Դ˿ͻȻⱾС֪ĴڣҲûԵ̫Ծ
ҶϼҲӦ֪Щ飬Ҷûü鿴ЩϢȥ֣֮֮棬ͻƵʦ֮
ͻʦ֮иǵ˵İΣҶϼ嶼ûأ͸ϵ˺ɽ
һȻҶϼڲľҲô
ϾҶϼҲһǳϵĶǼģҲǷǳ޴ġ
Ҷϼ棬ۣѾߣūͣŻִµЩ˼ʹϵҶû壬̸Щˡ
ұԵĺˣȻͨնɱ;ӶԪ顭ҶаЩϢһ飬Ҳĺ壬Щ˽⡣
ˣҪΪʥʿѵ;ȥıԵɱ壬ֻҪɱһĺ壬ȵ׶ȴһĳ̶ȣʱȻΪʥʿ
˵⻰ӹҶеĲӣһԾŴʯ֮ϵҡֱϡ
ߣҶҲûԥŴŮһͬʯڡ
С㣬αӵ˿Уڵұ֮лһʲôݣ˵ұһʯרŹеӹģ֪ǲʸ񣬿ȥʯһ
ʵǵĹ֮УҶе뺫̸ཻ
ȥʯԣȴ΢΢ҡͷƾȥʯҵ˵֧ͨԪķʽȥʯۿҪԪ飬ȴǶˣһЩڵİ벽ʦҲԴЩԪ飬һˣ붼롣ȻԺܳΪʥʿȴǻһȥʯĻᣬ˵ʯһʯʹùԿͬص޿ռһ֮£ͻƣż棬һ˵мǰһʥʿڹһʯʱ򣬾ֱʯͻƵʦľ硣ҲʹʯΪ˵ұһһĽأûб볤ϻκδʯˣִܵʹĻɱ


268 
ұҲ֪ʯƿռָϣҪȻҲὫ䵱һʯˣãȻ˵ұͲûӽʯ
ʯֹЧҶĺܣʯڲ̺ռ䣬ù߸ܵյظоûʲôֵġ
˵ʯʹһ벽ʦͻʦ֮һš
ǰǸұʿǴﵽ˰벽ʦĶֻ֮һͿʦ֮
ʯʱӦܵһǡÿһţԲʹôʯнʦ֮
Ҫȥʯ˳Ϊʥʿ֮⣬֧Ԫһ;
ƾҶ˿̵ΪıԵɱ壬ֻҪĴڣֱնɱ
ıԵնɱʦĺ壬֮Ԫ飬ӦǷǳ˵ġ
ֻȴ̫ˡ
һ벽ʦͿնɱʦĺ壬벻˵עⶼС
Ҫնɱ壬ӶԪȥʯе㲻ôʵ
ʯǵұĽأ߲εĿԱҲʦ֮ɡ
ֻҪҶҵһᣬȫ֪ʯȻʯ
ȻΪ·ˣЩ£Ҫһ£˵ұǰѣúõУȡճΪʥʿҪȻᱻӵڻңĪұӣÿ굶ұ֪жˣӵ֮УȰ㻹СĵΪ
ҶȽ˳ۣɶһЩ顣
ףл㣬Ժ¶к񱨡ҶȻԴŮѣЩΪȻ˼ұϾǳһƬģԺлᣬְŮ
ʱѵͷ
һԾ䵽ɽ֮ϡ
ҶֻһϮǰһ
ɽ֮ϣֲŸɫݣνĿ˼㡣
ɽĿΪʣкƮһ˿鶯֮
һ˿鶯֮ԪʯΪƣһߵŷǳĺô
Ҷ磬ǴԪʯֻһ˿Ʈڰ֮е鶯֮ȴûʲô档
ɾҲԿұҪҶϼõ̫ˡ
ҶϼӦûºĵӣԪ
ҶϼԪ飬Ҳһкܶࡣ
ҶΪҶϼûԪ顣
࣬㲻ǰƸôôҶ뺫ո㵽ɽ֮ϣȴһɫӰֱӴԶ˺Ҷǰ
ֻӰɢȥֳһŮ
ŮЦվ˵ǰʤѩ˫ĿһˮҶת˼תջĿ⣬˺ࡣ
ҶȴҲǰԾޣŮò֮ΣӨ⣬üĿȻһ
ʣòߵĺǿ˲ֹһ
ݼĪ࿴Ůӣ̹һūǷ˺ִµӦƸȥӵĺְ
ǺִΪƸĻɣִ²˵ûУвٺļϸҪɲ˿ӡ
ĪİŮĻػȴٶȴҶۣϸѯ
ĪйѾʵˣ۹ҶҶϼһλʧĺѡߣΪҶϼ巸˹ӶҶϼ塣ִ¿Ϊﵽ˰벽ʦ֮ĹЩǱԲŽн֮Ϊһϵˡ
ŮӣаԼ֪ģȫǹ˵˳
˵֮֮󣬴ŮҶǰĪλǳ֮ߣΪǵұӵĹӵڵұ֮УǿҲصġֵ³ˣǴӣҲǣ԰ˣλڵұûʲô˸ҵ
ӣǧһǵұӣȴû뵽һڵұȻȨƣұĴӣǵǧ
ҶҲǰЩȻǰҲ֪ǧڵұλߣȴҲû뵽Ȼߵ̶ȡ
ԭҶϼ塮λľѡߣݵҲ˵Īǧź˼ȻԳΪҶϼ塮λľѡߣǱ͸߰ɡҪȥһǳҪ飬Ҫһ֣˰벽ʦ֮Ҳһˡ
ĪǧȻӺˣǰ㵭ȻԵúȻ
⣬Ī˿ǺִΪģǲǵ֪һɫЩΪѵҪǴӹū澿ɳﲻ𰡡
㲻õģȥ˵ġĪǧ˵꣬һָҶм£Ұתִ£ԺҪƸĺӣֱ͵ǰߣӣ춼ֻ֪ﶷʲôϢҪǲæûմұôϹ㡣
ȻĪҪˣūҲٶ˵ʲôˣȥִĪǧӹ˴£Ҳ˿ʩ֮󣬾ȥ
һߣĪǧЦҶۣŵǸڴͷ۹⵹ǲϵȷǷǳˣԺһϵˣúӰôٲġ
԰գŮֱת߰ɣʹȥ
ȥӣҶаԽп࣬ȥӵģڱŮһȻҪȥǧ
¿鷳ˣȻҶαװǧӦÿƣ¶ûо԰
Ҫһǧϣ˿ɾʹˡ
˵ʲôʯˣܻŴұ㲻ˡ
ߣ㻹ǲ֪ߵغܼ𣿿㻹عأҾһ䣬ǰĹأɭϣǵõӵټô޹ˣ³ֻһǾ
ĪǧҶЦһܼӣ߰ɣϲƨˣϲ汾µˣû汾£ӣҲûʲôô
˵֮䣬Ůתȥ
ҶŮߣȻҲȥ
Լ˰ʱҶĪǧĴ£˺ΰĵұ
һĽ֮У˽ѳҶκλʹԺ
ռ֮ʹҪʮһǳˡ
ƾڵΪټҰˣȫʸΪһʥʿģұйأ뱤İ벽ʦҪ֮󣬲ܹʥʿǣֻҪúΪ£һ£зΪһʥʿϾǰİ벽ʦܵĴұõġ
֪˰ӰЩʲôĲ£ҶߵĪǧߣѯʵ


269 ʩͼ
ʱֻҪ˰кòȥȥһԪҪȥԪһ°¶ȿ£ǰſȡԪ飬͸ȥ˳ʶһ£ԪߣĺôĪǧҶֱתһǳΰĹȥ
ԪȻ˵ȷʵû뺫ȥʶһ£±ҡҶĻᣬȻ
Ҳ뿴һұжԪöҪǿԣɲȷʯʱһԪ˵
ϧŽҪȻε·ҲԷֵöԪ顣˵֮䣬ѾһǳΰĹǰ
ĺǹͣûкİãķȴɭޱȡ
㣬㣬Ųʿء
Ҷڹһǳ޵Ľ䣬ܵһɷǳ˵Ϣ
ʣӵϢˣһʦɡ
ԪٴʮԪ飬˶Ԫ飬ǷЩƷϵĴ֮УҲһ൱޴ĲƸˣһǰĪǧΪԺΪҶ˵
澹ȻʮԪ飿Ҷ֪ұռһС͵Ԫʯȴû뵽ȻܴһС͵Ԫʯ֮У˶Ԫ顣
ҶаҪԼԪ飬ȫߣ֪ɷһԪ飬ֱͻƵ֮
Ҫһ²ô׵飬ȻԼֻǸӦһʦϢ˭֪лûʲô塣
ԼӦӦö֣
ǵȽʯŪ֮ٶ֣
ҶУҲһЩԥ
Ԫĺô֪ҲǳһԪ
ʯȴƿռָزٵĲϡ
ֶȡһ֣ȴЩΪ
ʲôԪɲһͨĵطҪط˹أǰˣҲܵôɱ¸ҽУǧҪ㿪˵ҪԪ֮ġ
ĪǧҶ飬ΪǱԪƣסˣų
ҪĪǧ֪ҶĵҪԪ뷨֪Īǧ᲻ᱻֱŻȥ
лĪ㣬һעġҶνע⣬עԪЩػߣʲô棬ûϡ
Ԫʱ򣬲ʱˣϵ
ȻЩ˶ԪȡԪġ
ұҴҵ󣬳ϵɻвϵӵܡ
һÿһĵԪʯɲһСĿ
ǵұٿ̣ЩϵӵܣҲ÷ʮöԪɡ
һģֻϵһϵÿĵԪ飬Ҳڶǧö֮
ǵұһЩ볤õԪöÿģҪﵽö
ԪƴʮԪʯûк̵ԪʯˣԪʯҲ͹֮á
ֲõұ᲻ȥıԵˡ
һΪɱ壬ҪĿģֻΪѰԪʯЩϵԪ顣
ĪǧΪߵĴĸŮôҲȡ¶ȿС£һǰˣ
ҶԿֵʱǵĶ棬ȴӭ˼Ůӡ
ЩŮӣÿһüΪòòԸĪǧֻϣѷĪǧһ
ԭִ£ôҲпȡ¶ȿС£㲻һмΪ֮𣡡ǼŮӳĪǧҲеӭȥ
ȻУеôģֻ¾ֻԼ֪ˡ
Ҷ֪ұڶ
Ӷǵµˣֻ¾͸ˡ
ףĪǾĪӴǱǸ˲ţ˰벽ʦ֮ҲǲֲĪˡ
һŮӣͻȻĪǧҶɨҶۣЦĪ޼ɵĴӺˣĪǾǽŴӶİĽ϶Ӳ㣿
ãⷹҳԣñҽĪǧӵˣӵĹǧҸӳһ𡣡
Īǧ˵΢ЦĿǸŮһۣв֮ţҪ֪֮Ĺϵʲô֪ġ
ٺ٣Īα˽棬Сֻ˳һ˵ЦˡǸŮӣ˵ͻȻ۾һԶˣĪ㣬¿ɲҺ˵˰ɣ
ҶԣҲ̧ͷȥһˣԪĽݴ
˵ϣɢһɼΪ˵ϢһϢޱȡ
һﾹȻһӵлϵܵߣܵɢϢҶҲ𾪲ѡ
ԴǻϵټĻϵܣʹô˳Ϊ˻֮ĴڣҶҿ϶ֻҪлĵطһʦֻҲ˵Ķ֡
ϴŴĹ֮⣬ˣ˵Ҷ֮УǱΪɫ֮һ
ҶҲû뵽ұĴӣȻһǱļһ
Ȼṳ̂ʦ֮ڻɽҽ֮ؽսһʦֻ¶ϡ
ǵұĴӣʩͼԺˣСһ㣡ͻȻĪǧУҲһâȶҶڵӵΪѷɫӣĳЩطʤһ֮ѹƴӣΪŲߵĲǡʩͼȻṳ̂ʦ֮һʦлĵط֣һЩʵһʦֻ»ᱻѹɱڴӵл֮壬лĵطӵв֮ȫԡе˶֪ӽ㲻ܳΪҲ϶ǵұΪ
벽ʦлĵطѹɱʦʵ̫˵㡣ҶȻҲпԽսҲһľԡ
һ氵𾪵ʩͼֶΣһȴ۽ǵ⣬дŵʩͼˣȻڵʩͼϣܵһ˿ΣյϢ
ҶиӾˡ
Ҫ֪һʦʩͼֻһ벽ʦɾȳ̶֮µĵʩͼȻеΣ
ɴ˿ɼʩͼϣо˵ܡ
һ̣ҶҲȷһ˲õľУһӵдˡ
ӵд˵ˣֻ¾ȥ䣬ء
һˣܸ˱ƴˣֻĺܲҡ
Ҫ˵⣬͵ԾԵʵһӽ֮ԶҲûзĿܡ
ҪȻᱻԷɡ
ӵеʩͼ˵ˣһһʱǡ
ΪһʱǣǸ³ֻ»൱Ĳҡ
ɾһˣȴҲǧѹƵȫ̧ͷһ㣬ͿԿǧ˵Ŀ¡
һҵʱȺ۲𣬴ˣˣΪһʱǡ
ֻҪвֻ¾ͻΪǣȫʬ


270 
Ҷ˲뵽Щ飬Ĵڰܿ˿顣
ʩͼˣ䲢ܴҲͱҶ꣬ͦΣ粽أΪģʼת
һʦڻɽ֮ˣܱɱ
һǿҶȻֱӶԷԷע⡣
ҶԼоԷڣݷһַǳֲ
Ȼ壬ֻ£ȴҲ鷳
ʩͼߵԪǰͣĴһ֮󣬱㽫ĿĪǧϡ
ҶȴӦʩͼĿĪǧϵͬʱȴ۽ǵ⣬ɨԼһۡ
ȻһֻۣһȹҶȴȷʵĸӦ˶ԷԼĲ֮̽⡣
ֻǺһۣȴȫԼϵܣȫ͸һ㡣
ȻҶֻ֪ԼĴҲò˵ʩͼ˵ȴ൱Ϭ
Ҷո˵ȻԷĲ̽
ҪԼ汻Էʶƣ˽ˣͳͳڡ
Ҷкâһ¶ɱ
ʩͼȻûʲô⣬ֻ۽ǵɨһۣܿ˻ȥ
ʱʩͼߵĪǧߣ΢º͵ǧ˲٣ǲ̫ҪҪȥ˵˵
ʩͼ˿̣ȫҶˣУֻʣĪǧһˡ
ĪǧԵʩͼʻ¶һ˿ΣȴǺܹĻūݱнճɾֻͣǰͣĪᡣ
ȻǵұǶǣЩʱֻǿΪɿı֤ʩͼǰȻھԵǰκıƣǰ裬һ죬һ֤һ㡣
˵ʩͼһǧΪһϣϲ˵֮䣬ѴӻȡһССľУݵĪǧС
ӣǡĪǧûܾͼͼѽľд򿪣ֻһöʶĿ飬̺żΪŨ
֮飡һǧϵ֮飬ŨֱƻѲϡĪǧԸܵʩͼ͵Ķ˿̿ʵȴЩ
һö֮飬ʱ򣬴һͷȡģ֪ǧһ¯ұΪ˴顣ʩͼľкϣȻ͵ĪǧС
Ī㣬Ӷ㣬ûû˵ǼŮӣǼʣĽĿڵ㣬൱ʦĺ֣Ϊ㣬ȻּĺҲȥնɱꡭ
ʩͼһӣǼŮӵĻȻڵһͷϢأһ׵Ļɽɽ֮ɱһͷ㣬ףûʲô˵ġ
⻰ҲʹӸ˵Ҫǻˣһʦ㣬ֻҲñâӿԽԽˣǼŮŵʩͼȴһĳݡ
һ治ǴģȻĿնɱʦĺֻ֣ͣ·½ҲҶͷת̽ŵʩͼʵ
ҶҪԵʩͼʵʱ򣬵ʩͼȴǽĿתƵϣ΢Ц˭İҲȥΣİӦûɡ
ӣǰеĻֻԪ飬ū澱ȥ伮ĪǧʩͼעҶϣȴΪ˵
Ŷǰеˣֲǰûʩͼ˫΢УҶΪһ벽ʦһɢޣҲԻ൱ңڣΪλǵұ
ӣִѲ̽ĵϸףûκ⣬ɲΪĪǧ֪ʩͼѶҶЩʲô뷨æѡ
ϺͷǸһ飬ȴҲûгȻѾʵ˵ݣǾӦûʲôˡʩͼָһֻһöɫҩ裬ֱƮҶǰ
Ѫ굤ǱӲɼʮϣһҩʦʱգҲʮöǧ˿ķϣһöԺú浶ұĪ˵ұ棬ô
лʹͣ¶ӽ͡Ҷл֮û˿ԥֽӹѪ裬ȥ
ȴԵʩͼе˼㡣
ʲôƨѪ굤ֻһֹˡ
ֹ裬һڷܿͿ֪Ŀ˵ǣһˣһֻ֪ʬ⣬ɱ¾
ֹ裬Ҷʦû˰á
ûöǣҶѾ֮ޡ
ҶѪ굤ȥ֮󣬵ʩͼĵ˵ͷϣȴûκ
ٺ٣磬ԽԽȥˣߵһѾߣ㶼ˣʵǶҵұ棬Ҫ㣬鶹ȥײˡ
ڵʩͼҪҶƳһ߿ܣʱȴԶһΪ٬
һ䣬һˣ˵֮С
ˣ÷ǳӢһͷɫˣԵƮޱȡ
˵Ԫݵһ˲䣬ڳ˵Ŀ⣬ɨ˹ȥ
ȴɢ뵶ʩͼԿЩʤ˼
һ̬ˣ
ҶУޱȡ
ұϵ˵ûһʡ͵ĵƣÿһԶ˵ıǮ
ϵƣȵʩͼ϶٣ҪǷŵ֮УǶǡλĲѡ
ڵұȴǧѹƣֻڵǧ֮£
ǧȻɲ⣬ϴβԼȽˣǡҶȻֻѳΪ˵ǧꡣ
ǵұĶӣɽʲڴ֮£ȻûдʣֶιأһǳǿıԽսһʦûа취
Īǧɽĳ֣ҲҶһ
ұӣһһҪǵһ룬ǱˡҶĪǧǸпĪС㣬ӣ˵ľžޣǵӣǺεȵӢ䲻
Ҫﵽĸ߶ȣһˣȻͬΪ벽ʦһٸ㣬ҲδؿԶùһӡˣʸûУӸ㣬ͬһεˡĪǧҶľԼ뵶ұӱȽϣԺúӰǧЩʵʵˡ
ҶкЦȴҲòæͷĪС˵ǣҿˡ
ߣܣ㲻ȥıԵôֻˣһֱиԼϾļһʩͼкǲˬԵɽûʲôɫ
Ҳ֪ҰģĺܣССһұûԺ⵶ұλ֮ҵľ


271 ֮
ɽſ̬ǰȻСλϣĲڽŵףұˣֻ֪ҲǵұλΨһ̳ߡ
ʩͼԣȴҡҡͷ㻹ôĿĿˣӣһ죬ҪϴģڵΪҶ˵㣬ٺúŬ˵ɡ
ʩͼ˵֮ʱ̬ȻҶܸоˣȫûɽ
ղ˵ɽ񣬵ҶȴǾãʩͼ֮ɽ
ǰ˭Ҳ˵˭ΪԶңȵ죬һ֪˭Ŀˡɽ˵⻰ᵶʩͼҲԪſڣȻҲǰȡԪġ
ʱԪĴţԻûпȻȡԪʱ
ʩͼ뵶ɽĻҩζ൱Ũңʱܱ
Ϊ˱ܵĪǧҶɫһȽϼžĽ߳
ҶȻЩΪȻʱȴҲþ䣬ѵѡ
һһ
һ֮УҶȴǿһˡ
ˣ˭ϴβҪҶСĵޡ
Ҷ˵ޣޣȻҲ
˸ýԶҶֱ任òıϢԾǵޣҲûһϳҶ
޵Ŀ⣬Ҷɨһ£ֱƵĪǧϡ
϶ڿĪǧʱҶ֮Уһ˿֮ɫȻֻһţҶǲ׽ˡ
޵Ŀ⣬Īǧͣһ֮ȻȻڵĪѾͷñúƣĴ֮壬ԽԽˡΪһƿ֮ϣҪĴ֮ͻƣͷ㽫ӽҪһ顣
ϹϴγӲڰǱǿ˰׽Ԫ˵ˣֻǱߵ鴦꣬ɫ˵ģ
ĪǧͻȻɫ״δǷŭǾ֣µｫˡ
壬ΪһʦȻ˲飬ͲܵƲ𣡡ĪǧŵɫˣʩͼȻŵ޵壬Сֶﾯһ£˭ԪҶܣǸҶǧͱСֶ㲻
Сƨ㻹ǳˣȻҶˡһΣֱʩͼǰ棬ɭȻΪСǵұĵϵͲҶ㣬ɽʱСƨڴſɿˡ
ޣһ壬ǱӶɱҪһСƨһСƨ㻹ΪԼ⵶ұжɡڳȥתת˭֪һʦһССλʿ³һӵĻңһʦ԰ټƵİ벽ʦȻһׯۣԸˣŪұϴʧҪ㣬ΣҲٳ۵ģֳ£Ȼǰ磬Ҷм˵㡭
ʩͼΪΪʦ֮ԵޣȻû˿⡣
ʩͼˣвʦĵơ
һ㣬ֻ޵飬ͿԿ
ҪɨյƢ˿ֻǴˣڣ޵ɫȻɭޱȣȴûгֵףǶԵʩͼҲĴɵ
޲ҹȻ뵶ʩͼ֣Ҳûʮֵİգѹסʩͼ
޲ҶԵʩͼ֣ͻŹĪǧ
ĪѾͷϴűд˱Ĺ˱£ΪأͲ֪ɵġһССū澣Ȼ͸Ŀŵ˱ĹҪǴȥҪɨأ뱾׷ŹѾͷ
˵ԽԽ䡣
˶ΪǺ˵һССūū澣εҲҴȥһϵĹɡ
ɴ˿̿Īǧûг⣬ȴһȣĪǵ˵£ġ
ϹǸǱСȥҵģֻҪΪ׽ˡ˾ɲʱĪǧȻ˴¡
һҶҲЩĪǧŮ˵ˡ
һССū澣ȻһϽа壬κһһ˼顣
ȻĪǧ˴£ȴɭȻһЦֻǸݱ棬·ϣȨ㣬δٺ٣
˵ȴǲ֮⣬Ǹˣ
壬˵붯˭ǲܶǧϣΪѡʩͼŵޣһ˿âԿ϶ֻҪĪǧ֣ʩͼһӲܡ
ٺ٣ʩͼֶ֪ĪѾͷжӣΪߣɣ黹
˵֮䣬ָһҶǵȻİ벽ʦóʮһҪİ벽ʦ䵱¯
ֻҪ㲻ǧ˵ʮİ벽ʦһˣҲʩͼȫûԥʦȻѵã벽ʦڵʩͼ˵ȴǲҵ
ӣǰеĻܸȥƶ¯Ҫ¯ȫȥıԵ׽Щ尡ΪʲôҪԼƶ¯ĪǧȻͬ顣
ıԵЩ̫ƽҾ̫ƽڼ䣬Ҫ׽ʮͷ벽ʦĺ֣Ҳһ׵飬¾ɡʮ벽ʦѣǰˣҵĺˣô˵ҲһʦͬԺֳû鷳
ʩͼִĪǧķҶ͵Ϊˣ˵ɣ㻹ЩʲôԸǿܣӻȥɵġ
Լ֮䣬ǾҶ
ҵһǾҾˣҶôҲû뵽ȥԼ˽ȥԼŽ뵶ұˣĻᶼûУͱԷľԼ
Կ϶һԼƳ˶¯ûʲô³
ԼһʦһֻҪĪˡ
ʱ˿̣ҶԥǲҪΪǿһ˵
Ҷɱʱ
ĪǧȴǼĿڵУֻҪǰˣûӵͷκҲĪǧ˵̧ͷֱŵ޵һһ˵ҪұС鷳ҵžǡ
ĪѾͷһλū澣ҶԱǰԳƱС㣬ԭ뿴ڴӵϣƽϣѰ·ͱֱˣҵ޾ͲţնɱһССŮ˭ܹﱾ
޼ĪǧԼǰֱӰԼǰǿѹµɱ⣬ٶӿ˳
˻һ꣬Ҳûʲôֻһģһ޴ӡǳ˰֮У޴ӡЯż˵ֱӳĪǧ
ȻҶվĪǧߣһƣȻҲûҶ
ڵ޵УֻҲҪһҪҶĪǧͬʱͷ


272 ȥ
ʩͼ뵶޶֣ǿ͵ϢֱӱܹԼȴҶɨȥĪǧȴɫ䣬ҪҶǰ棬ǵʩͼʱһӣѾĪǧս
壬㵱ҵ棬ǧ֣СֶվһͨĪǧս֮󣬵ʩͼûսеҶֻһգ֮УͻȻһŻʯͼ
ֻʩͼ˼ͼеʯֱӴӻ֮У˳
ʯһԷӭǣת֮䣬ͱһߴʮɵľȵϢֱӳѹ˹ȥ
񷨱ںͨһ߷ݻ֮վһԵɽʩͼâһǶЩʲôͷ
û뵽оһ񷨱񷨱ͬķκ񷨱ʹƣʩͼΪһλŮȻ񷨱öã㵽ɵˣԴżˡ
޿ʩͼһеҪԼӲ񷨱ˣҲһͷʹ
Ϊһʦӵ񷨱ĵʩͼҲȡʤ
ңѹӵ񷨱ĵʩͼһɱˡ
ϾʩͼǵĴӣҪԼУ˵ˣֻޣҲԽ
ⳡ̣޴ñ˭Ҫơ
ӣǰһսϣҲŪҶͬɵӡһվս֮УսನĪǧæʩͼ
лãһУһаĵޣȴɭȻһЦĪѾͷܱסԼǲˣȻ뱣סСӣھͷ
һЦֱӶʩʯս֮еҶ˹ȥ
ƥңĪǧɫ䣬æеҶǰˣӻ㡣
ٺ٣ҲңͿ׸ҲңСвѾͷǰϹۣСӣ
ڵЦҶȥʱͻȻ֮䣬أ
ɽ֮ϵĹ
ƺǧ񱼶ʹôأҡΡ
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Ѫ֮ˮ֮УŨĺϢڳˣ뺣սʱЩˮ쳣ɫ䣬֮УǾ֡
Ȼǲ֪׷ʲô飬Ӧòʲô£
ʱһǳͳʵͻȻɽ壺ϮԱ֣֯зֵ
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Ȼһ̣Ѿвˣ˶֡
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徹Ȼѡʱ֣ҲδңҲߵұʯԪԪ飬Ҳһöܷ
ҶԵ޵ɱΪסҪ֣û뵽֮ȣᷢ˱ʣݺڵұչһԼöԲסүĹգ
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һǿƣͻȻ֮Уɢ˿
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⵶ұڱ֮УҶΪһʦû˿Ĺ˼ɡ
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ϻû˿ãֱӱһ÷顣
㣬㣬Ȼ㣬ôĵȻһұұǵ찡Ҫ׽
費ϵĻҶһ飬ˡ
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ʦ޽ʦ֮ʮܷ꣬ǳáʦԵУ֮УԼ̶ȵƶֵʵ
һʦɢеˣܵơ
ҲΪʲôһʦԶս԰ټƸ벽ʦԵʡ
ʦĹۺޱȣʦѹκηʦ֮ߵʵ
ҶͬΪһʦһֱͷŵ֮
ҶһڵĹķ֮һɵƻȻҲﵽ˾׵ĵز
һ鵶޵Ļ֮󣬽˵޵ʦ֮ϡ
ͺһը㳡ϵʯ壬һ𷭷
ʯҽ֮У޵ʦҲҶһ÷顭
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ޱһҶҪĲӬһֱҶ
˭֪һƣû£ͻУͬϡһҶȻͻȻʵǣֱһն˵޵֡
ȻһĳһѵĵѪĽ
һĻϹ˵ֱۣˣ
СүСүȥɣҶһķɵ֮һ˽ˡ
֪ʱֻ˲ӻȡһľֱӽֻ֮֮âһѲӰֻһŵâľƿնȥ
񷨱ǿľݵ񷨱һƿնȥľҶüͷһ壬һӿһǿ֮ӲסǸľû֮ľݡ
Ҳ֪ʲôطõľ񣬾ȻԲУֱľݡ
ҶҲǵ޵˰˱ӵѪù
ľݲɣҶǿǿзӡľ֮С
һľ񣬶ʱһǿҶڵľӿȥнȴԽԽֱʧ׷ӡľ֮С


273 
ô£㵽˭ĪǧʱŻع֮ϣ𾪣ôҲ뵽ԼΪһгһ˿ֲ
ҾҶǸұ׷ɱ·µŵǸˣºǰ򵶼ұû٣ʵڶԲסԼĪǧ㣬Ӧȥһȫĵطȶⳡ˵ϮĴǳΣգŮһ嶢ϣ³˵Ҳף
ҶɨĪǧһۣһѽǰĵұɨֳַӡ˵޵ľ񣬾ȥ
ߣûôףӻΪǺηʥأԭڴͷʢСӣΪѾ˵ңսУû뵽㾹Ȼ˳˳ҲˣȻԴΪҵұ߾ߵĵطǸϹĹۣ˵ʩͼתŵɽܣǵұ٣նɱС˵
ã磬֮ĳԹԺ˵ʱɼְ޿κεС˵
ɽҶ֮䣬ѹ˵ޣоҶļ֣ٿҲҵҶ֣ʱʩͼĻȻû顣
һ䣬֮еƣʱܿ͵һǳֲĳ̶ȣ
׳գСүûǣСү´ˣúǡҶϿǵƣûﵽʦ֮Ҳ޽ӽʦˡ
֣ҪսʤǣҪһֽš
ʱ˽ȣȻ˷
ɽ뵶ʩͼ֮ڳ˹
ģ˻Խսʵ⵶ұвҶûӲ˼ֶ˵һֹ
ٴ֮ʣμ֮䣬ʧԪǵ
ȥȡʯƳɿռָ֮ȥչεұı⡣
ҪǲƿռָҵٶıҲûߣ
ҶҲ룬ֱȥʩͼ뵶ɽ΢΢һ
ãʯķȥˣĪǳʯģ˵ʩͼҲ룬һΪһ⣬ֱ׷ȥ
ߣǿʯ˾޴شһʦҪǿʯҲǲܵģҪƻʯɽԼĴ׷ȥҲûԥһΣβȥ
ʱұһƬûб߼ʵˮˡ
һƬŨˮ֮Уι״ຣ壬һɽ֮ϵĽȥ
˿̣еұˣ뺣Ѫսһ
һЩǳΰĽĴ򶷣Ϊ𺳡
أǴУҡţĽֱӱսನ֮С
ԿЩΰĽսֵĶԾ
ֻҪֳʤܳ׽˴λҵս
һսľûзֳʤ֮ǰ˿̣ڵұطû˲ս
ҶѪȵսʹõұΪ
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ÿһ룬֪жˣսȥ
ЩʵȻǿʤ࣬ʱ򣬾ʦҲǧĺΧɱ
ȻұȥˣȻ٣ȥĺ壬ȴǸࡣ
Ҷһ·һ·֮ϣģǵѪ֮еĺʬ塣
սҶֲпᣡ
սУ
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һ·֮ϣһЩ壬ҲǿϢˡ
ȻһЩģûͱ֮նɱ˵
ʮ֮Ҷ͸ϵʯ
ʱʯѾǧĺΧסˡ
ʯΧƺһǳ󷨣ʹһƬռ䣬Ť
󷨵ڻػʯЩȻȫ溣Ľ
Щڲϵȡںˡ
ҶûԥΪʦһǵǰĺ壬ɱˡ
Ȼֱȡ֮ǰĪǧ͸ƣڵ򿪽ƣǰʯĻ
԰գҶѽԼƣһƬŤĿռ֮С
ȷʵǰĻƣҲ֤ϢӦôˣ죬λ˴򿪽ƣѴ˽
ʯˣҶƣֲһϢȷʵ֮һ£æ´Ҷ
ʯķǲһ㣬ҪǲŪƣҶڻ治һܹȥ
ѿûãһƬŤĿռ֮УֳһͨҶû˵ֱӳ˽ȥ
ҶһʯԸǶȥɱУһ˷ؼȿɡ˵֮䣬Ѿֱʯڲȥ
ͨȣ߹Ժ䣬Ҷ˰ڷʯĵط
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һʯҪ֮ұȻЩʵ
֮£Ҷֻõƿռָ
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ҶֽЯĸƿռָĲϣһһƤ֮С
һֲϴ֮Ƥʱʼ˱仯
󣬽ţȴǷ˷ǳĿĹâȻȴǽһ޴ʯ
λˣʲôʯǵұرûбӣҲԶô
ڵڵһЩҶһʩչֶΣ͵һ֮󣬶ʱعǰֹҶ
ȴֻҶָ֮£ڹĻѨվԭأһҲˡ
ϹŵȻãֻҪ룬Զ˿ռָұбգ
ҶУѣŵеһĿâЩɴ
ɾʱ洫һŭĺУǼһǵұĴУ˭ǷŽȥġ
ԭǵʩͼ뵶ɽˣҲϵ
˿ǿػʯˣȻ򿪽ƣҶ˽ȥ־ŭ
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˿̿Ҳʯ棬ʯһɻæ򿪽ƣ˷˽
ʩͼ뵶ɽ֮ͨ󣬾ֱӳڷʯĵطȥ
ͬʱʩͼȡԼƣֱʯΧסʯͼıʯһʯʲô⣬Щˣ
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274 
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ҪӵĻˣǵұĻ뺣年ᣬͼ߸ڵұľԵλǷӵǰʯػʯģȴʯ뺣нףҪ͵ұǰ;ӣֵסˣʱԻ۹ͣ
ڵұڲҶ͸˿̿Щ໥ɣʱһתһӹͬı桱Ļͱ˵˳
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ȻҲˣŻ̬ȣûж֡
Ҷ൱ġ
ҶԼҲû뵽ǧڵұȻôֻһ˵ȡЧ
ɽ뵶ʩͼԼҵЩҶĹƻ󣬾ȻΧ˹ȥζըˣ
ЩҶǶ֣޿⣡ɽû˵ͽͼסԼĻ£ʩͼҶ˹ȥ
ӣӣĺݣЩô˵ҲǵұˣǾȻΪ˽ԼҵĻҪ֣ĺѽ
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Ӿǿ˵ͼԼӡһâʩͼɫ΢䣬һٴμʯֱӳһʯ˹ȥ
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ŵʩͼʯĺ֮Ҷ֮ǰʯĲϣȫΪҺ壬ʯ֮С
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Ĵһᣬɹʰ㡣Ҷһ߶ʩͼĹһ߰Ƥϵļأһ־Ƥ֮С
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˲ϣҲκ˿Ƶġ
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ȵǿɢȥһǳµĽָ˰֮С
ڽָ֮ϣ״磬Ե÷ǳء
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гޱȵ˵ʹ˳һöָ˹ȥ
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Ϊһö֪ĽָȥȻе
ΪұĶӣޱȣðΣա
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Լһƣ;˵ɽҶҲԥֱռָߣһץסָͳ汼ȥ
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ԪҶֱһƣݺݳԪĴźȥ
һߴʮɵţԵ÷ǳľ޴ΰҶĺ֮£ţȴ˲ͱը˿
˭֪ű֮ʣ澹Ȼһ󼫴֮
û˿Ҷ˲ͱ֮һ֮С
һ󷨣Ҷ͸оԼһ֮УоԼ棬޷۹֮һ¶·ʵʯǽ
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ֻһʯǽһ֮󣬾Ȼֻ¶һ˿˿ССϸ졣
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Ȼ뱩ƳԹȻǶʱڿɵġ


275 Ӷ
ֻ֮̽ˣҪǲУֻ˳ȥĵطѰˣԹ֮Уת˼ȦҲ·ҶͻȻһָԼüġ
ֻü֮ϣͻȻһ׹⣬֮̽⣬һԴǿ츳
κξ֮У֮̽⣬ҵһ·
ҶȻӵǰ̫ǳ߶
˿̣Ȼѽʦ֮Ҳܳʱʹá
ֻһ׹һͬһ㣬ΪҶָһǰĵ·
дϲҶû˿ԥָ֮̽ķ򣬿˹ȥ
ûãſӣҶüЩʹ֮̽⽫Ҫɢȥʱ
ҶǰһԹ
Թһ˲䣬֪ԼδˣĴˡ
ǰǶѻɽԪ飡
ЩԪ飬ֹʮ򣬾ǰҲֹ
Ҫ֪ڵұ֮Уһ벽ʦһµнˮҲöԪ飡
ڣǰȴϰԪ顣
Ҷԣ˿̣ҲǰһĻ𾪵˵
ԪϣͺǺĻƽ𣬲ȺĻƽ𣬻Ҫʮϰٱ
ҶöԪ飬ȴһֱֵʹãͻȻ԰Ԫ飬ǰȡ
һֶô°
Ԫ飬ʲô
žԵĲƸֲƸԶҲʵġ
ΪԪ飬ԹֱȡͿԳա
ҩǵ̫ϳϣҲöԪ飬һǶԷһӣܵĲƸ
ڣѻɽԪ飬Ҷǰȷ飬벻𺳶ɡ
ǵұĵ̰ұµһұĲƸֻ±𵤵Ҳضãѹֵұ˶İ벽ʦ
Ϊ벽ʦʦһҪľԪ񡢹ͬʱһİ벽ʦֻҪλˣ˶Ԫ飬ұǧ벽ʦҲǴпܵѽ
Դ˶Ԫ飬ֻ͸ߵ򵤵ˣɵұӵ˵̣ȴΪ˵͵
һ̣ҶȴĲ
ֻǿЩԪ飬ҶͿԿ϶ұӦòѷɫڵǼ
ΪʲôұӵпԽΪǼʸȴĬĬŵĳΪһǼ
˵͵
̣
ĪǵұڰУʲô˵Ĳ߻ɡ
ƾǧֶΣҶԼĲ²⣬пܡ
Щ飬ԲӦȥעġ
ܵұڰв߻ʲôԪ飬ȴҪͳͳҶˡ
ЩԪ飬֪ǵұ˶꣬ۼġ
ԼͳͳչθɾҪǵǧ֪ˣɫһ൱ľʡ
˼ռָĴСˣ֪ܲܽԪ飬ȫսȥҶӦܿ죬һʱһ¿ռָĴС
ȴǷֿռָڲռ䣬һ򳡴С˾޴Ŀռ䣬ȡϰԪ飬ȴǴ´ˡ
ռָĴС֮˫һӣͼռָ棬һɷǳǿγһССУҶǰԪ飬һöö˽ָ֮С
ȡٶȣ̫ˣȻտռָȡٶȣʮӣͿԽԪȡһգַʱ̣ȴûôʱ
ҶеĿռָһööԪ飬ϵڲռ䣬ҲٳɣֱӴһЩƿռָ־Ӵ˿ռָȡȡ
һʱ֮䣬Ԫ鱻ֱӱռָߡ
ҪټӴȣҶֱӴ߶һ־˳ȥǰԪ飬ʱͬһ㣬˽ָ֮С
ֻ𣬶ѷԪԪ飬Ҷ־ֻǼʮʱ䣬ռöͳͳѻڿռָ֮С
ռָЩԪ飬ҶҲ̲סһЦƶؤɽĸо
ֻǴ߶һٶȣҳױȡ̵ʱڣԪͳͳߣԼ߶һʹÿռָȡٶȣôࡣ
ûԥҶֱӴ߶һӣԼһʱ䣬ǰԪ飬ƮȻ˲˽ָ֮С
Ȼûʧ֮ȡԪٶȣֹãʵ̫ˣȥҪӣҿԽԪ飬ͳͳߡһԪ飬ԺȥҲ˰ıǮ˶Ԫ飬һЩǼֻҲҪ꣬ӵĲƸɣԪֱգҪһֻҪľˣڹȫؿˣôԪ飬ڿʡȥʮĿޣ
ҶһööռָԪ飬ϲ
Ϊ˼ӿȡٶȣ̵˳ʼӶᡣ
һ˷Ӷ֮磡
˭һ̣ᱬƵӶ֮
ɰǧԪ飬ŵĹâһУͬӵʿһ㣬ſռָƮȥ
ȻռָÿһΣֻȡһöԪ飬ȴκβȡٶȡ
˿̣ռָٶȣԵݣȻÿһζֻһöַٶ֮£ת֮䣬ǧƵԪˡ
ʱڿռָڲռ֮УĴԪϢ
ҶȻûϸͳƣҲʮöԪˡ
ʮöԪ飬һʺεȾ˵ĲƸ
ڵұ֮УһʦǵλߵĳϣÿһȡԪ飬Ҳǰö
ڣҶȴһʮöԪ顣
ϸһ£ʮöԪ飬㹻õұˡ
һǧԪˣ
ǧԪˣ
ǧԪˣ
ʱ䣬ҶȡһԪ飡
ҶǿĴ߶֮£ռָȡٶȣǿ쵽˼ÿһӣдԪ鱻ߡ
ģұĵֱ̣ǲ˼飬ȻôԪʯǴĵһֻҲܸұƴ˵ұԶڵϣϾռ˺˵Ԫ飬ûǿػֻͱˡ˴λǶЩǰ򵶼ұұǿǰߣҪȻԪɭϳ̶ȣֻܷ񴳽Ǹδ֪˵޼ɵȡԪˡ
Ҷһ߿Щ飬һȴǼӴռָȡȣʹÿռָȡΧŵԽԽ󣬿ʼǷԲ׵ľ롣
ڴ߶֮󣬾ͿʼŵԲʮ׵ľ룬ռָҲԽԽ
ȻȡԪʱҶȻҲʱ̹עԪĴš
ҺĿǰûǰ
˵Եʩͼ뵶ɽٶȣʱҲӦøˡ
ɼȻڶûпǵӰڰ;֮У⵽˺ķɡ
Ͼڵұκεطк֣ʩͼ˱尵ϮҲʲôܵ顣
ҶĸомǳǿϢٳ
⼸Ϣˣһʦ
˵Ҷ弸ʦΧɲȡԪʱ򣬱˴


276 ٶȻ̫
ȡ˶ʮöԪ飬֮һҪԪȫߣƾڵٶȣԶԶЩܣ
һ̣ҶǸоռָٶ̫ˡ
Լ߶ƴ־ɵڣҲ˶ʮԪ顣
ҪԪʱߣ治һ׵顣
Ļᣬɲʱġ
Ԫ鰡
ʲôԴ򿪱⣬ƾӶԪ飿
ֻᣬһΣˡ
ҶǺף֮׾ٵĴԪȫΪڹ򵶼ұұǿߣǰȥˡ
˵ʵĳ롣
Ǻǰ򵶼ұûĻᣬǱӶᡣ
Ҷ޲һͽԪ飬ȫռָ֮УȻʼ·
뷨Ͼ̫һЩ
ģ֪ǿʲôЧҶʱҲǻȥˣϧıԴӲǽںһ𣬴һ־
־һټռָͻȻһĿĹâǹâյĵطѿһ
һ£ȡǧƵԪ顣
ҿУҶȫĿɿڴղֻǱųԵȴû뵽֮󣬾Ȼᱬ˿ֲٶȡ
ֻҪ׹һգǱ׹յԪ飬ͱ˿ռָ֮С
һҶҲǷˣȫߵ΢񣬾ʹһ־ֻһѶѵԪ飬ڰ׹£һһɳΪҶ֮
ʱҶѹ˲ıԴˣҪԼٶȣӶԪ顭
ռָ棬ת֮䣬־ͶöԪ顣
ڲϵ֮УÿһռָԪ飬ͻǧö
ʮ
ʮ
ʮ򡭡
Ҷȫ֮£ռָԪ飬Ÿոչһӣʮ֮ࡣ
ʱ䣬һһȥ
ҶȡԪ飬Ҳﵽʮ֮
ԪҲֻʣ²ʮԪˣ
ʮԪ飬˾޴һʲƸ֪ҪöΪ֮衣
ҶµʮԪŬʱ򣬵ʩͼˣ˶סԪ
ӣǽҪô죿ԪǵұĽأûԴԪˣҶСޣȻԹ뵽ԪֻѾչԪˣ
صģԪҲչζٵԪ飬ûκʢװĴӽȥԼ·Ԫ飬ҲֻܴǧöԪ顣ǧöԪȻһӴĲƸǵұʧҪģǶԸЩ壬Щĺ壬Ȼҹǵұǻˡ
һұʦȻûҶϣ񵶼ұ幥ʧǧöԪ飬ԸЩѪĺ塣
ԪδһȻӲ֪ǸҶļһʲôֶΣԪԪ飬ȴڿټ١λϣûи׵ҲȥնɱǸˣҪƻһգ˴Ԫ飬һǶе𣡡
ʩͼȡһƣַ棬Ŀ֮ǸӦʲôȻͨһ飬ƶϳԪԪ飬ڼ٣
ƶϵ֮󣬵ʩͼɫ÷ǳѿ
ǲ׵ǿдԪҲ޷ͨԹԪԹһƿصģûƾЩˣһȥɱҶֻ·ᱻԹ֮С
ɽȻҲ֪ҶԪ飬ͬСɣ˵ģȴʵûǵ嵶޴·Щˣ治ܴԪ֮С
̬ȥүһʥʿŵɽԪǵұصأκʧġ
Ѻͺļ֣սһֻûôʩͼ̧ͷԶһۣǸطұ󲿷ֵĸ֣ǣǸط
Ȼĸ֣ҲǸط
ڵƣ˵ǵұ뺣ĸ֣Ѿ໥ֱסˡ
ô죿岻˭ҲܴԪѵǸճģչԪ飿ɽһɭȻԪĴţ˵Ǳŭѡ
˭֪ʱֻ䣡һ졣
ԪĽݴͻȻˮɰǧĺ壬Ȼǰķߣɱ˵ұڲ
¸¸£öѪСֵǣɱǿԺúõﱥһˣһȺ壬ͷһͷϲϸ۵ĺ塣
壬ΪѴﵽʦ֮ź֮УҲвٰ벽ʦĴڡ
ǿĶ飬ֲÿԳƵұǰķߡ
ģ˵СѽɽЩ壬ȻԼǿѪʳŭգû˵˹ȥ
ʩͼһĻҲǴһӣȵȱǸҶģЩն˵԰գҲһΣʯ˳ȥ
ʯ֮䣬ʮƵĺ壬ҳһࡣ
һЩںˣɳȴʩͼһһԼĿڴ֮С
ںˣ൱ߵĵ̺żΪ˵ҲһѵõԴʩͼȻ
һʮϰٵĺ壬ͱʩͼ뵶ɽȡںˡ
ɴʱ˿̣ұǰߣȫԽԽĺ壬ɱڱ
ԪܣǽƵĺ壬Χסˡ
Щ壬ǰѪȵɱ¾ûп־壬໴еļѪս֮С
һȺ䣬ȴһǳӢꡣ
ֻ꣬źɫ磬վһȺǰΧȻ԰ټư벽ʦĺ壡
СѾ˵ұķߣǰǵұĺסլˣֻҪҵһ˶ߵһŹŷǰ;ǲ
һͷɺ߽ĺ壬ͷ˳վǸӢߣ߾ʦ˿̣ȴҲƨ
ұˣǲ֪ȻһĹŷСУֳһ˿ЦǰЩӣһǰ棬һŷѵֵĹŷȴұˣƶȥˡһǺε˵ıԵˣҲǾ԰Ե뽾ݵұ˷һŭ𣬿˵ҪùˡȫΪһѰǸŷɣֻҪҵ˹ŷһϻʹͣʱıԵǾͿŷһͷˡ
СȻԿеġһǳɵûעĵط˵һ𣬾ȻҲžԵľη֮⡣
С˵Ҫһ˹ŷһ᲻һö֮ģΪһ߹ޱȵĺ塭һͷɺεĺ壬˵֮ġʱȴ¶ǿҵĿ֮⡣


277 
С֮ġʱҲ̲סһ궯ȴҡҡͷ֮ģǺε֮ǷһҲʹġ˵СȴǺǸпȻҲгɺ壬ȴֻԼ֪ʵݣȴǺޣΪ޵ǣ֮еλ͸֮еݲɡĺ壬޺ޱȵĴڣӵк֮ĵǣĺ֮ЩޣһӵŬϣһ죬ܳΪһĺ塣ΪĿ꣬ǵļѾŬ꣬ȴûһԱõ֮ģΪĺ塭
ʱվСԱߵһͷޣͻȻеСǿߣұĸ֣ɱˡ
ǸСԣ̧ͷԶһȻɽ±ʮӰмӰϵϢǳǿ󣬲˵Ҳ֪ʦĴڡ
ЩΪߣһŰ۵ͷϵϢԵ൱Ʈݣ
ޣȻϲģնɱ˲ٺޣײѪӻǲҪ֮Ӳƴĺãߣ뿪
ǸСüͷһ壬һӣʹߵˣ˳Ԫ
Щ壬ôͻȻˣ㳡֮ϣɱĵʩͼΧԼĺ壬ͻȻߣʱ档
̧ͷһƣȴǵ޴˸˹
ڵ޵ߣۼʦֲһ;ΧԪĺ塣
ɽʩͼǲȥǰ߻ɱ壬ܵϹʲôֽӵĺɱ֮ŵʩͼ뵶ɽȴһĲá
壬Ҫǵ㿴صԪЩ幥ˡʩͼŵ޵㻹ǸϽҶնɱ˵ɣǼһѾԪжʱˣӶԪ顣
ҶģʲôҶģǺˣɫδԹģ
ǸҶģһֱҪԸҶˣϴ㲻𣡡ɽһڽҶ˳
ʲô޴һ죬ȥСӲ׶ԸͶһߣҲû뵽ҶȻʱ򣬳û٣ѹֲסŭ
壬Сĵ㣬Ҷɽȣ֣ûһ棬ͱɱˣɽµ޵ģٴα˳һǿϡ
ʲôıɱˣɫѿŭձһҪСʬΣԼ֮飡
԰գȡһֳͭͭĵޣԪĴţ֮Уͭλ֮λ룬Ԫȥ
ʩͼ뵶ɽһۣҲǸȥ
ǽȥȻΪ˰ޣǿҶ֮ǰŪߵһöָ
磬Ҷɱеһöָôη䣿ɽ뵶ʩͼҶеöָ֮⣬˿̣Ȼ˭ҲŲ˭
йöָ£ܸ壬ʱ˾ͿԵı¶ȡʩͼ򵶰ɽȥһûٶ˵ʲôˡ
ɽȻͷȻҲͬ˵ʩͼ顣
ʱԪչԪʯҶ
ȡôãѾ˰˾ʮԪˣʣʮԪ飬ֻҪٸҼӵʱ䣬Ҿܹ֮ȫߣʱ䰡Ҫʱ䣡
ɾʱҶĵͻȻоһΣ١
ͷԹ֮ȥ֪ʱԹ֮еĻأֹͣתһǿ͸Թٳ߱
ܵһĻҶһвá
Ҫ汻ұĸֶסǾͿ鷳ˣ
治֪Լǲȥ
ҶԪչνʮԪʱֻһƿ֮
Թ֮Уͳ˴Ļ
ϣϣ㣬ȻӶҵұ˶Ԫ飬ǧа֮ǰϰԪ飬ھȻʮ򡭡С˵ôԪ飬ױŪʲôطȥˣԪ飬ҵұ˼ʮ꣬Ż
޸һԪ֮Уֻʣ²ʮԪ飬ˣҶĿ⣬Ǻ޲ûҶ
޸һ󣬵ɽ뵶ʩͼҲ˽
ȴſڣֹҶͻΧȥ
뵽ҶȻŪʮԪ飬ھŭͬʱҲʵǱҶֶסˡ
ʵ벻ףô̵ʱڣҶνЩԪŪߵģ
ȻҲǵʩͼ뵶ɽеɻ
ҲǲҶŪЩԪġ
ӽԪ飬ƾձҶŪˣǸˣֻ¶ܲˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊұӵĵʩͼ뵶ɽˣԼԪҲûͻǧ֮
Ҫ֧ȡĿԪʯǵʩͼ뵶ɽĵϵӵܣҲϻݽ룬ͬʱдԪ;п׼
ޣԪ߿ߣʱȻҲ԰̰ûǧöԪ飬Ҳֹѡ
޼ɵ̰ûΪұġүҲҪܹԵĳͷɱ
ڣҶߵԪ飬ɲֻǧö
ʮ
Ѿӽһ
˾޴ʧ֮أûһܿ
̶ֳȵʧԶԵұĴ
С˵ʵ̫ˣȻôԪ飬³һ̣޷ˣһ֣ǿĹֶΡ
һʮɴСӡֱӳҶ˹ȥ
һʱ䣬Ԫ棬ǿ
ҿޣѵɱڲɡӲŸոսǱͨ죬Ҳ԰Ԫ飬ƾձ߰ɡ
Ҷһֻ޴ӡԼתͻȻһȭһӡֱӺɢ˿
һʹԪĵϣըһĴ
ŭһٴҶȴֱӴеģޣΪӲ֪Ԫ飬Ǳ㰵̰ûˣ񶫴·㾹Ȼӵ
֮ˡ
Ҷӵпռָ飬ڳԼû֪
˭Ҳ뵽ʧԪ飬ȫҶս˿ռָ֮С
˿ҶⷬǵʩͼˣҲǽɵĿ⣬ɨԱŭѵĵޡ
֮ԻɣҲ֪ҶĲŽûãҶſ˴ãҲô̵ʱڣֱϰԪɡ
ҾҶôԪ飬ܲʲôط
ԪĿռ䣬ôϰԪ飬ƬСĿռ䣬Ͳزס
ȻҶȡôԪ飬ôڳԱ֮Уǵ޵ˡ
Ͼ޳ʱеǣԽһ㣬һ㣬֪ĽԪ˳ȥ


278 ɱΧ
ɷϷҲСϷԵϷ˵޿ҶĹƻ£Ȼ潫ɵĿ⣬ˡ
Ҳ룬һӣһΪģ˿
˻ԵĹ֮壬һһˡ
֮Уɳһ޴
ӭǣôɽҶ
һòƱȹֵеķҪǿСүҲȥ̽̽ܲҵ
Ҷаƣȴһ̤γɵʦ˳һȦȦɢȥ֮еĹȫΪ߽֮⡣
ǵ޵֮ǵޱͷŵʦȫɢ
ܣҵʦʮƣѴﵽ˷ǳĵزʮʦĺҲû֮ܽ飬ôܻᱻʦ
һ벻š
ʩͼ뵶ɽҲһľ
ӵʦںֲͬʦܣɲһӶ򵥣ƵСү־УҲԺˣ
Ҷƣһ̣ޱȣһȭֱָޡ
С˵ǿҲֻŸոͻʦ֮ϷͲ뱾⣡˫һӣֱҶ
ϻ˵СүҪΪֹҶ߶ĳɵҪԵһɱΪֳַĵޣ֮ϴΣȷʵֲࡣ
սĹ̶УҶҪ⵶ʩͼ뵶ɽֵܣΪȻʦ˶챦ҲԶҶв
΢񣬾Ϳܱ͵Ϯ
Ϸ֣㾹ȻȫѽʩչԼȫеҳĴӰÿһӰ̺ױȵƻ֮
һȥͿԿӰɵһ޴ֱӳҶ
ʱʩͼҲֳ֮ɫܣڣһ֮Ҷģ԰գҲܵɽηӦѴҶߣ͵Ϯ˹ȥ
ã֣ɱ˴ˣɽҶ͵ϮҲ˿⣬ڶʱһУҲɳһ
һεķ岻֪ʲôƵģһ֮䣬ͻͷŷǳϬķС
ЩСƻˣ֮Уǿһ
ǵ޷ǸҲʮ֮һ
Ҳݣʲôӣô˾ˣҶڶԷȡӵʱ򣬾͸оΣգ
ϸһЩеĻҲǵֵס
֮£ȻЩн
գΣͷҶҲ˲ٰȡԪ飬һΣֱӽԪĿռָУȻʩչŲ֮󷨱֮ʣԹ֮С
ҶͻȻٶȣڵʩͼɽ˱Ļ֣ҶԹ֮Уﳤȥ
ģ˭Ƕֵģ˵Աѹ󣬷ֹͻΧ𣡡ҶԹ֮Уɨ˵ʩͼ뵶ɽһۣٴ׷ȥ
壬ԪôʧģǻûŪ˵ֵܣǲЩˣ֮ǰʩͼЩǵ޼Ե
ڿ޾Ȼ˵ǰȻѵұĴӣҲǵ
壬ûŪ֮ǰ㲻ߣ˭ˣȻǸҶѾˣϲûд߶Ԫ飬ʧϰԪ飬¾ֵҲи
ɽԼĴѾѣΪ˰Ѵ˴¼Σ˶ìͷָ˵ޡ
Уƶ
ֵܣȻ뽫εĺڻȫƵ޵ϣȱס˵
ϣⶼʲôʱ򣬾ȻЩۣҪƽʱϷҪһûֵܵĽҲβҶ֮󣬳Թ֮С
ǣһ̣ˣ벻飬ˡ
Թ沼壬ϼһ㾹ȻҴ׷ɱͳͳ·ҶſĽһ䡣
Թ֮УͻȻ˾춯صıը
һ±ըޱȣ׵ĵ޵ˣܵ˾޴ĳ
һЩΪȽϵ͵Ļֳ֮УҲըһģѪ⡣
һƬըԹȻҲױˡ
ޣȻΪߵһˣ֮£ȻըԼһ۰򡭡ѪĽĶϱۣ޴Թ˳
ɽʩͼ죬췢źţϳ֣ˣ춼ǸҶСѣŶϱۣһĿȫϵҪɱҶ
ڲźţˣڳ֮У͵ϼһСүĵв㱻СүƷһ۰򣬵СүеԪ飬úǣ
˵һ֮ҶȥִԹ棬ŵɱ˻
ȻٴɱȻΪɱˣΪʣʮԪ顣
Щʱķû˿ֹġ
ûҶĴԹһǳ˵ϢͻȻٵ
Сһĵ治һСҵұû٣һŽҪԹʱͻȻԶһӰһױȵƣֱӳԪ
ҿұ֮Уô˿ֲ˵һΪڴﵽ̶ֳ֮ȡҶֻԸӦһ˵Ϣ֪Լϣ
Ҷ֮УһӰԽԽ
ˣһϽۣǰһġ֣Ҳ֪֣ʲô
ֻ˵ƣ֪ˣһֲ
û˽ӽһּΣյϢҶĵ
ûиӦˣȷʵҶϼҶּĴڡ
Ĵڣ֮УǴžԵ޵У
ģʣµʮԪ飬ӲҪˣȱߣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ҶҲûȥչԪͷһΣֱʩչŲ֮ת򣬳ɽȥ
һɽţǸֲû׷Ű˿ŵұΧȥ
ϧ̫ϧˣҪǼһһӾܹԪȫŪˣԪ֮УٻʮԪ飬ǶôӴһʲƸ
ҶǱ˵ұĴӪû׷ȴԶԪԿϧѡ
ǣҲֻĵ׿ϧٷԪˡ
˵ԪǱ㻤ǰǸֵͷǲܵжԵġ
ٻȥ¾ˣ
ߴұѾ˴˵һ·֮ϣຣѡһЩƫƧĵط߱Ƚ׵Ҷʱ򣬾ͼƻһУһûһƬïܵɭ֮С
μ֮䣬ͲӰ
еҶͳһԪ
ռָԪ飬ھʮңջԶԶ˴εĿġ
ΪǿǰĴˡ
ޱ˴ջҶһּ䱼ܵʱһȴǺеС
һ˼˶Ԫ飬һȥļƻɾڴʱ
ô£ôһִͷĸоҶüͷһ壬ͻȻͣһͻȻ֮һļµĸоͺʲôµޣڰжסһ
ѵһ·ҶԼĵУǳţĵУǰ֪˶ٴΣ
ԣһ˲䣬ҶѾȫ϶һǳֲĸ֣һ·׷
һֱڰеĴڣΪǾ磬Ҫ߳Ҷ̫ࡣ
Ҷ˿ǸеĴڣŲɿĺһ㡣
׷֮ˣԼһ˿εıɱ֮⡣
ǸҪǿУ


279 ׷ɱ
Ҷ治ɫԺ֮УȴǼ˼
Է˵һǵұˡ
ֵǣΪʲôԷڵұ֣ΪƫƫҪȵƬ̺֮ж֣
̺
֣
Ԫ飿
ЩؼĴϵһҶʱ׶Էʲôڵұ֣Ҫﶯˡ
ˣǴŶԪ⣬ҪȻҲһ·ˡ
ģûմ񣬽շˡ
ˣʵ̫ǿԼһǶ֣Ӱ˲С
뵽ҶֲԶһһ˲ϵϢһʧԭأӰڻ˿֮һûһϢɢ
ףСһﻹе㱾£Ȼܹҵ׷١ԶҶ΢΢һ£ͼһǳģӰǸطһš
ٺ٣ٵСһԶһ㣬ŶֵģȻѾ˱𣬾ֻ·ˡѱ׷٣Сһ㻹˵С
ƮȴַǳҶĶ
ҶɫҲ쳣ѿ
Ϣ֮ǵһα׵Ƶǣʹʲôַ޷Ǹֲ׷ߡ
˿̣һֻ˶סһȫŪ֮䣡
طˮСһɣϵԪ飬ú㱣ܵģһǳ٬ٴҶĶ
һ˲䣬һΪ֮ļµͻȻҶϯ˹
ڳֵʱ򣬾ѾҶ޴ѹƣҶûܵĿܡ
ּҶûеֵ
Բʦ㵽ĴڣҶŭƾʵȫڵұ裬ΪΪһЩԪ飬ȴѡƫƧĵطɱңѵ㵣ĵұɱ˶ᱦ飿ƾʵȫûҪ˼ɵұɣ
Ȼ޷ѶԷҶҲϵϢ˲߶ʦŭУȫ߶
ұֻǵұһССʱݵ㣬Ҳ˵ǵұһ֧ȻûҪ˼ɣǸұȴǿֲĳ뷨Сһ֪ϢҲĿˣ
һ쳣Į˷ƮһƥֱƵҶʩչʦȻֱӳҶԴֱϮϮ
ʦƣҶѾȫ¶ڶԷĹ֮Уۡ
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ȷȷʵʵûз֮
ԵѹƣûС
Ӷһʾ޴ĲƸΪ־ʱ׽١
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ʱһеƷ֮С
Сƺ鷳ˣһгľͷͻȻ̧ͷҶڵķߣɫ΢˭ǸСһ֣ǷС϶һûҪСһˣС϶˭ȥҪ顭
ľһף˳ơľ񽳡ĺӣѾʧƷ֮С
ʱ֮С
Ҷڱɱ֮֡
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ڰǿУǱɱĹǰ
ҲݣɱСүûôףҶֱɱľ֮УѵĽ˻УȻһľ˲佫ľ飬˳ȥ
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ľҶʱתһѹԼΥ˲ȫ
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ͬʱһ޴Ĺâľ֮𣬷·һӰǷĴľ˳
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֪ûгһɲɿܵͽϡ
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Ϊؼһ壬ܻܲͿһˡ
ޣôᱻСһӡľ֮У֮ǵĵӰһֱȻޱ֮Уڳһ˿ȣȻҲû뵽޻ͻȻһľ֮г
ϣݸ߹ΰϣô޺ǷŭһôǰԷӰȴ־ȵͣ˹
ٺ٣Ϣκ֪ԣǵұˣҲֻȥˣǵӰƺû޿
»ָ侲һֻӳһϬƥĽֱӳ˹
һУҶҲûжܵޣ͸ˡ
һĵޣ֮ǰףұϣΪλԼɱ֡
ҿϼһɱڰΪϵһԪ飬ȻĵұϵҲŹҶһĻ֪ڰĴڣϵԪ飬˱صõ
ҪȻҲһ·βԼɽ֮ˡ
񣬿޵ĳ֣Ǻԥڡ
Զ϶ҶԪ飬Ҳһ
粫һѡ
ڷŵ޳ʱҶû޿赲еǸ
ҶĿģֻҪʱתǸ˵ע⣬ˡ
µһУҶԤ֮С
ޣ˲ͱԷնɱҶҲ֪Լȥˡ
ģԺ£ֱƵӣˣһһģҶǸ˶Ե޶ֵһ˲䣬һ˺ӱߣһݣֱԾ˰ӿĴ֮С
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Ҷӵһ˲䣬Ѿնɱ˵ޡ
λǰ粻һʦˣһУûסɵһҵˡ
СӵǻȻᣬԾ˺֮Сٺ٣Ϳں֮бãֻһ¶ͷ޿ӡ
еˣǶҶ֮٣û⣬ĿһҶϢžӵ׵İٿ죬ҲڶʱڣͽҶߡ
Ǻܿ죬üͷ΢΢ôһ£СӵϢȻںӵֱʧˣѵһʦᱻˮôܣһŷʦ֮СһܶҵѰһ̣ΪҶͻȻʧеЩ˼
ҪΧѰҶʱһǳǿǿԽʱһ㣬ͻȻ֮併ٵ
һǿƥȻҪˣӵĺˡ
ϢϤģӦǸϹ֮УǸϹû˿ӵƣģһϷ˼䣬ôִ£УϹ֮ǰҵǸСӣұζʧ˸ߴԪ飬Կ϶ЩԪ飬һǸСһŪˣֻҪܶԪ飬ȫ֮ͻеľ硭
˶ҶϵԪ飬˱صõ˲ȥѰҶӰֱӻһ磬׹˺֮Уǲݣ׼ںץҶˡ


280 
һԾ֮УͻȻϷûĹ㣬ЩûĹ㣬һ㣬˴˳ȺӣȻںӵչ
һʱ䣬Բ֮ڣȫЩ
£ֻҪҶй¶һϢͻᱻЩ㷢
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Ҷˮ֮УǱӣɿ촩󣬼ֻһգ۵ʱ䣬Ǳס
ٶȣܻΪĿֲĴڣܹˡ
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ҶڣŪЩ׷Լġ
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кüΣѾЩ񣬿ûãЩ񣬾ͻܹĳ֮С
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ǰС֮áҶͻȻû˵ȥӺӵĿϣ˺һֻȣ˺ҧһֻȣȫĸС
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Ҷ࣬ѺӳһеĿһȲعæʣµĿߵҶСӣϷ㣬ô϶Ŀ
һֻô㼸ֻòáҶĨգ΢΢һЦ⿾ǲڳ㣬ǰʲôطġ£Ҳȥֻ
ģúҶ򺣼Ϸһĵ֮У˴£ŴסôһֻѾ˵ʲôҪŪֻң
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㣬СӣãϷû˵ҶٹȥҶڽʣµļ֮󣬲ŻعһĨߵ壬Ц򺣼ղſ˵ˣҪϷһֻģϷ͵ĳŵˣԺҪŵϷһԶ
˵ҲҶ˵򺣼飬ǻһתСӵ飬ӦһѰɣСӻж٣ϴμʱ򣬺ҲǱ׷ɱɡ
˵⻰̧ͷϵĹһԵúǵȻ׷ɱˣɱϴǿˣСһǻǲһأ


281 ľһ
ǰ֪˵Ҷһ˵
ұˣеС鷳أһݵָŰ֮е˼£ͼЩĪɢ˿
ұ˿ֲĴڣǰں˵ɡҶһŵҪǵұǿΪλֻһССĶǼ
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ķҡͷ̾Ϣұĵ̣ϷҲû壬ԺұˣСһ㡭
ϲң׷ɱҵִڣڵұỹǿĴڰɣҶаԾ״ξԼЩСˡ
ȻҶ˻һȴǲмڷʲôֻ֣һССˣĴڣڵұĴӪûһǧҲа˰١ԶˣڸС˵Щ̫˵㣬ȴļһ˵˵ȴȡһֽҶǰСӣϷǵڶΰˣҪŵǷ飬Ϸ˵ƾ֮СԺ󷢴ﲻˣǻǰֵֽ־Ϊ
Ҷһ㵵ǰɣǷ飬飬бҪ־𣿡
ڵˣЩѲŰһ淢ˣֲǷϷ飬ϷɾͿˣ־ݣǱġ
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ҶҲԼܱռ˴ˣСҪסˣǺҪû٣Ҳֻˡ
ҶЩĵǰұ˵ǰֲȻ򵶼ұ϶֣᲻ᡭ
ӺٺٹЦ˭˵Ҫˣֻ鷳ˣңֻһԴǳƶĹȡĵұ֮ˣҲһЩڴӪʧơûʲôλֶȥΧӣ㽫ĵұˣǸұҲʲô
˵Ǵ֮УͳһǳŹľ
Ҷ־ݣԵ÷ǳˣҶȻ־ݶˣϷٴΪȥһνѰɡ
԰գӵ֮ǰȡľ֮ϣƶ˼ؽڣֱ˳֮С
⣬֡
һô֮ϡ
Ʋվ֮ϣ߶ڳſڵĹμǳء
СһΪصǳ棬Ⱥ֮Уû취ϵ飬ԵúŵھͽСҳ
ǣ׼ʩչͨҶʱͻȻ·֮Уһľ
ľٶȣޱȣɢϢҲǳ졣
ľķλ֮ء
һСС񷨱ҲͼԸ𣬺ߣԲĿ¶м֮⣬һ۳һֱ֣ӳǸľ˹ȥ
ǣڴӡĴľʱͻȻľһâ˸ȻһӣͱΪһߴʮɵľˡ
ľһȫЯƣޱȣž޴ȭͷֻһȭͽ۵Ĵӡҳ㣬ɢ֮С
ãǸϹˣģǸϹô˲̻ǸСӣǸľ˵һ˲䣬æȥ
ȻСľ˵ܡ
ֻľһоԼˣһ޴֮һ޴ɶ㡣
ģȻ㲻ͿϹжôǿ󡣡һϵƴȫת˳
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ǸľˣҲһ֮УѺۣڡ顱һ֮УΪһľм
ϼһˣסˣߵһöҡҡλվɭųǳصķһۣȥǵѪǱĶ֮С
شѾ˲öԸҶˡ
ߣһֱڰ֮еĹҲһһɢӰ
һʱ֮䣬ƣȫˡ


282 ʧ
ſڣٴλָ֮ǰģ
ףǼһˣ̧ͷѾָƽգҶһĲ죬û뵽ֻ׳һֻľ񣬾ͽǸ˾ˡ
תҶҪѯһϸ
˭֪ղŻߵĺӣȻӰˡ
Ҷһ֮£ȴűӿЦ϶治һˣ
ߣҶҲ뿪֮ʣȴŵ£һּСӣԺǵ϶ܰһΡΣȴܴδΰ㡣Ҫ;زۣ϶飬˭ȥҪұǳԽǼ˵һ۹СԺΪ֮ԱΪȡ
ּʲݲ˺ӣ˭д˲Ŀ֡
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ˣ׷ɱСүôãӦñˡ
ҪȻΣҲߵġ
ȻԷѾˣСүԾͳװŶҪ
֮ǰҶҲ֣ƾڵʵˣȷʵȥʹһ²
򣬵ֵָֻ⵽Է׷ɱ
ȻҶԳ˵ʱ䣬ӳǰ۹
Ҫڻ뿪
ׯҪƵİá
ǳʱ԰գҲԺ󣬾ͻ⵽ԷתΪֻ
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ҶǸʦҪɽ壬ҲǼ׵顣
ʱɽѾƣֳǰδеƣ⡣
ȫ£Ѫ߰ߣϸǲ԰ѩȫûһǿߵķȡ
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ɽ֮ϣĬͼѹסȻһ԰ȫˡ
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Ϊܴﵽ磬޲Ǽᶨ֮һССĴǲ˾˵ġ
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ģСɶ񰡣ڵϣûüͱҶһ߷˳ȥ
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ҡҡλε˫ۺǺݶҶ㡭С֣죬Ȼ͵Ϯ𣬸ȥɡһ£һڵ֮Уɢҫ۵Ĺâɽ
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ҶķӦȽϿ죬ֻڵ³֪²ã߶ȫγһ㡣
һ㣬ŸոڵİâഥͿʼڣҶҲеѹѪڣֱԼʣϵ㣬ʱɢ
³Լڵ֮һ·ѪҡҡλεĳҶһ·֮ϣǵǰʯľĵķ飬ݺݵҶС쵰͵Ϯǿߵܣ񣬺ߣ֮ء
˻һ壬ȻһҡΣڰ֮еڵȴٴ˼˵Ĺâ΢һתͻΪ
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ֻһ¹ʹݻٷԲʮ׵ɽ壬ǱյĶϣȫΪ촷ۡ
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ܵشڹĵһʵȫʢʱɡ
ȳ̶ȵĹܷһΣѾļˡ
ҶֻҪԼŹһͿܳΪʤߡ
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˿ֹ̣ҶȻޱȣȻŹһӦûʲô⡣
ǳ̲ϷģҪǱˣܵסͨʩչͨڵʮ
ٴʩչڶеʱͻȻһ֮У˿˿ѪҺ
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ҲݣǿߵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ˵̶ȣȻô׺ҶΪԼ͵Ϯȫһնɱ
Լˣһķǳף
ҶǷݱ棬֮ʡ
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û˿ףȵʯͻȻǣվһʯղɽ֮⡣
ʯһҶˣҲЩʯԨ׹ȥ
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һɱҶ߹ԼĳشûߵҶվĵطһΣʶһģһˣҲһ̤գҶһ׹


283 
ʵνɲ⣬£Ҷȫ֣Ҳûɱ㱻Էɱˡ
Һ֮ǰܵ˺ӵشֱԼɹ͵ϮʯҪȻڵҶֻѾ⵽Ķˡ
ˣһ޵Ԩ׹ȥ;еķ˺֮ϵ˿ڡ
ϣһƬɷף˿ڲѪȥ㲻ˤҲѪ
Ҳ֪ǲܵ˿ڵĴ̼һȻܿͻָʶ
ĿǰĴ֮ȴû֮ǰķ񣬶ЩԶҶ¶һ˿ЦСӻǱеɷǡһȻܵǣӶԨ֮УϸϸУЩİ
԰գȴҶٶȸпСζ׷ɱҲһСһԻȪҲиˡ
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287 
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һɣɵȵǰʱҶӰû°֮С
췢һХ͸һɽıʹɱ⣡
ڹѸǴľ·ȻôҲû뵽Ҷ˸ҡ
ٿת䶢˵ǶҪѳᣡ
һƬïܣޱ߼ɭڵϿգͻȻƮһ״ľ޴塣
ֻһ죬һɢ޴֮УͻȻһӰһҽУֱֱ·һ·ꡱϣ֪Ҷ˶ľ
Ҷˤڵأ˺üȻһͷײϣͷһʹǰһڣ˹ȥ
ڻǰһɲͷǣɽկȻɿ
ôҲû뵽ԼĽɡڹؼʱ̣ȻĿƣһ·֪Ʈ˶Զ֮ڲظһ֮Уױˡ
֪˶áͷóҶѺĵһо
䰵ַǿԼܶĵģӦûвĶڣ˿̧ȾҪվ
һֻŸոȥ;һת˫һ˵ϡ
Ҷ֪Ĺȵĺ֢û⡣
һ󣬻ָҶһʣڽµףƾı£ҵңұɽկĽɡֻͨҲҲ˰ɡ
˫֧ãʣơ
ˣֻܿԼ߳ˣһᣬȻ֨֨ĹҶæվ
ǡ¶˳Ծ֮ɫֻһȥǲЩϵĿ٣ȶдִ
ǰ֣һͷ
ҶȻ˰죬óʱŻع
ҿǼĽɡòһ·Ʈ˴˵еħɭְɣɴ½ʮ֮һĴ׵ôҶӵĺߡ
ħɭֿ޵԰ΧҲʱи߽޳ûĴڣҲ
ɴ˿ɼħɭֵ֮
ҶȻһʦ棬ֻвСģܾͻû
֪ԼڵطҶ޵˼ûˡ
Сдһξ룬Ҷȷħɭˡ
ȻǼĽɡԼ͵е㾪ȣҶҲֻˣ
ħɭ֣ޱ޼ʡ
л˵ľҶֳܵģеҶççԲԣⶼղ
ݰܵҶ˵棬̤ڵϻ𡰿ΧľϲӲݡ
Ҷ䣬һƬɵĻҰɫֻܿһɵӰӡ
üȴԶ
ֲ֪ڶɽ֣Ӳݡܼʱ޳û챣ӣǧҪСүޡϸ۲ħɭֵڲ֮ҶҲɵͷһ
ƾڵʵܾôЩ޵޺ˣǸľٶǸϽҳȥ·ɡ
Ҷ뵽ħɭ֣ͳС
һ磬ɭеһϿ֮ǰ
δ߽һůĳʪϢȻ֪ʲôһ󣬵ħɭִϢһʮ顣
ںĵʹ£Ҷ̤Ͽȡ
Ȼ΢𶯵Ľ񲽷Ľ࣬ҶһֱӳԴϷ֮⿴ȥֻһߴģӰӳϱϿֵУɽһҶĿꡣ
һ¥ߵӴһͬһĻɫۼףǴ׳ĸۼ׵֫رдβͣͬһѸ١
Ǻ͵һС챦ʯһĹ˫۸Ƕǰ·ǿлʱ̺ζİɫ
Ҷ˷·𱻲ȵβ͵èһȫһӽ
λռ޿ȻͬʱпռԵĿ
۾ĿҶϣŭصͺһɽּص
ͺХ
վϿȴϹ۲һĻҶȻãԼȻҲûԼеĿ־壬һһ˿Ѫ뼤ѵԼǸսӣɲǸϰ
𡫡Ȼһŭ
ȻĻӿһӱ㲼ǰʮ׵Ŀռ䣬ǰľ͡ľϵرֱճɻҽ
Ҷæһʮɣſǰ
βȻɨֻҪӹЩֱӱҶϣһſŴ
ҶҲβĹ̫ǿˣʯͷʯͷѣڴϴͶѣֹҶĶĺ
ҶֻҪԼһ¹ƾ㲻Ҳˡ
Ҷٴеؿſһһ˿Ĵ⣬ͬʱȫҲıһɹΣʹԼ۳һ㡣
С࣬Ҵҿأ͵ҵĿɡȫͻȻɢ񱩵ϢŴ޻ţľһţһɫĻƯڰС
ɲǼ仯Ϊһ磬ڵҶȥ
Ҷһ˾ɫһ䣬룬ȫϵİâǵ缸ͬʱ塣
顱һʵʵ̫ˣһ죬ҶӰΪһӰ׷˳ȥ


288 ֮ս
ʦȻֻһ磬һʵȴ֮𣬶޵ʵһﵽ磬ῪǣҲ֡
ϣԽսһֲܵ¡
ο޵սͱͬڵǿһûʲô
һᣬֻҶȻһѪȻֵĴ󲿵ֲ֮£ܿһ໹ˡ
֣˫ۣŵؿҶİɫ֣û뵽СӣȻʦ֣ǿҲй¡
ϵĲ֣ͲܵסĹ
Ҳסһһ
ףôϢͻȻ䣬ǸӦʲôǿ񱩵Ȼ΢䣬һȻӵжϵߣӿҪ󱥿ڸˡ
һ꣬Ӵһ䣬ýȿڶµģһҶ˵ӡ
һĻҶ̾˿Ҫ֪ɽĵ̣Ǻٴ󣬳˽ţҲˡ
ܴܲŴģܷͶûСȥɡҶ磬ɫ˿䣬ſ˵
Ŷȥ⵹ҲǲС·ҶЦЦ
Ŀƺӣ֪ȥʲôҶȻһȴ˿ֳĮʵ
ֻҪ㽫ϵóңҾ뿪֪ΣҶһ˵㻰
ԭҵˡҶ¶һƬȻ漴ٺһЦſȴû˵ʲô
ô㲻Ը⣿Ҷ޶Եӣ޴ͫһĿһ
ԸͷûˣԼ棬·һҶҲû룬ֱӱ˴ֿڡ
ǲ֪ʲô⣬ԼЩ⣬´ڴУὫ֮ˣȽ֮Ū˵Ͼ˶޵ã˿޵޺С
ԼһˣֻϾͻڷԼ뿪֮£붼ûϾѵڵĶ˭׷ġ
Ȼˣȥɣŭһ
ϡ
ֲļХһռ֮д³ΪһɫĲӰֱҶ
ͬʱһֱŻ˫ۺⶸȻʢͬһβٿػգҲҶ˹
ôҶ˫͵һŵ棬ͬʱȫ߶ڵΪһ壬˫ע룬һԾʮɣ֮յĶ˿¹
䵽ϵҶĹŴ
ٶ̫ˣҲĿ£޹Ȼ£Ǿ˫Եľ͸ӵĿ¡ҶǿԼƽģµ
ͬʱҲ⣬ﵽڵ˫޻ԼʦԸģǵϵλޣԼһսĿܡ
Խս½ֻһ˵ӵ˫ϵҲսʤԼ߳һĵϵߡ
ӵʵҲֻͬսУռˡ
κΣڵĿѾĶԼԼҪĿԿǺС
ҶǲˣħɭֵΧһЩҰ½޵
ôֲֿޣ
˵żʳ˵ĹȥĿѵħɭˣﾹȻ˸ѡ
ʱȡᣬԼҲܱˡҶĵ
ҶŬŨһѵɫޱʵ
ಣ
Ҷһ֧ϳɶе˲ϢһϬĹıĴȥ
ȻԼγɵıд˿ıʱԼıܸһ͵أԼԶԶ׷ɳȥ壬һٺɢԼ
֪࣡һŭ𣬽ȫȻʢһ˲ĴۣҶƱǧ޴Уһڷ䵽ʮ⣬ܵ˼𵴡
ҶڿʮĸӰƮȻʮһô֮ϡ
쵰ķ̫ˣԼȻڴ͸һƤ׺󣬾Ҳ̲ȥˡҶֲõǵѪֻŵ
ҺԼȼ֮ڽħɭʱʱ̴ڿ״̬ǰҪڹؼʱԼ˰˳ɵԼھͲǴѪôˡ


289 ʤ
ſǺʵۼףҶôԼаѺõĹ
ȻҪǷϾҪõ̫ˣýִҲɰ
ϾԼ۵򣬶һһԵƷһΣԼһ㡣
עҶͬĺɫ۾һڳЦҶԲһ
Ψһ㣬ֻһ۾ˣȴʵʵҪѶҲһĴֻȴʱˡſԼ߹壬Ҷ￼ǵ
йܲáҶﰵ롣
ͷһ꣬ɭɢڵϽһߺҶҶ衣
ȻȴֻȫһǣΧҶʱոɸɾ۾ķȫá
ҶʱһӵֻһѶѵҶ֦ϵȥ
ȻȴҶʮ׵ֻͣеҶҶ֦ŻԵû潫֮ճһŵĻҽ֮ƮɢڿС
ҶҲõЩˣΪʲôԼˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥʱȴ˿ϷţԼèڿ㣬̨ϱݵС
ߣʼҲֻޣӵǻҲԶѲԡҶһĵ
ͬʱҲƴĹ
ĺҲе㲻ˣԼΧǵ棬ǿж˺һ֦Ҷպĺɫĩ岻ܷʲôԣֻҪԼһеԼǮͻޱ߼ʵĻҲڱΡ
𡫡
ŭȻԼҶĹƣȻԼϷŪŪˡ
Ϊ߹޵Եĳ衣

֦ɱռнضϣ档
꣡
һռ͸ǰڵ֦ҶǰۣʱγɵĹâ˸˼£סռС
ͣͣͣ
һĿռҶϡͷλãҿۼɣԸı̬ҲתͷγͷڿĽ£γɵĹâҲͣ˸š
Ĺٶ̫˰ɣֳŲסˡҶһҧֱӳϷԾȥԽԾԽߡ
ﵽʮ׵ĸߴʱϷĿռѾϡЩЩռһҶҶ㣬ʵڶ㲻ģֱӲ
䣡䣡
䣡䣡
­СĻ򣬱źɫâٻܼسҶ
ȴǿҶԽԽߣռѾ֮ûʲôвֱӷԼǰòյĶλħٻ֮档
Ҳݣò˻ˡҶһ߻æĶܣһ
Ҷ䵽ʱȫ·յȫǶ׿ףһð˿˿̡
γɵĹâҲ֧ŲסɢˣҪȺһʱٴʹˣҺԼҲﵽʦĶ壬Ȼ⻹˰
ҶȫҲǺһ飬һ飬ޱȡ
ҶҲŭˣҲȫ״̬ȫһγɵһôϵĴ˵ĻҲ㣬ʱΧĻڱΡ
ͼͻȻһ˻𡭡
Ҷһҧ·ݵڲƴʱǻͿһˣ
ƴʱѶϣԥ
߶˿˼δȬƣеתٶȺܿﵽȫʢʱڵˮ׼ܵϣǿı
һ̣ҶȫչӰûΪһʵỊ̄Ѹײڶ֮ǰڿ΢һɲǣ˲ϢеһϬĹ⽣ûۿֱ뵽Լֱ۴
ʹÿЪ˹Ŀ𣬾޴ͷ­ҵҶһҶ;ԼͻȻڵһ㣬һײʮô
еѪֱڿһĺߣܵ˼𻵣ȫڹǻ֪жûϵģһ¶ˡ
ڵ굤ں϶ɵĽͨۿУ۾СܳܵסһһѶƺɺ󣬲ʵĿǰһڣȻȻڵϣУ֫鴤˼£ڲٶ
һ޴սֲޱȣȻձԼҲصĲˡ
вܶҶⳡսֻ²ѣҪԼһҳɹԼҪˣԽսȻġ
뵽ҶҲɵķ˳ĴЦжԽٺ̾ϢжɱܣԼȻλʦʵնɱһͷڵޣȻſ֮ģôŵġ
ԼҲ˵ķǳأתϰ죬ŻָһЩж
ѾĽе޺˳ϸϸһ޺˵Ĳͬͽ֮ŵԼĿռָ֮УȻ˷ܵĳĶӴȥ
ϵĶĿɲ޺ˣθ
ûθҶ˽⣬ռ޵θԳɿռ䣬һȻĿռ䴢
Ҫ֪½ϣӵпռи΢͵Ĵ洢ռ⣬˵Ŀռ洢ﶼǿռ޵θƵġ
ռǺ٣½ϻûӵпռ洢Ʒ
Ҷһƶ۵ͷ󺹺󣬹ȻӿĶһƴСĶխ¿ʵӡȻеֲڣԼҲƣͽ͵ðɡ
ϾĿռָʵ̫ˣȼĿռָһ⣬ͻΪΣ
ŪһпռθȻһ˵ȻĪջ󣬵ֵȼĿռƷȴǱȿռָռҲͽ׵Ķࡣ
Լʶһ̽ȻȻʮƽ׵Ŀռ䣬ߵʬ壬һֻһһ޵ʬͲˡ
ٴʶһ̽޵ʬȻθ桱
󣬲ӴʬǷƬĺòϰ
ȻƷҪ֪½ϴߴõĶϵĲƵӵзֻ൱һٲ֡
˿һƬҶֲ̾ôҶϲɱޣһǱղ޸ôĶǸϽ뿪Ϊ
θһϵãڲϣģҶĵһЦ̧뿪ΣյħɭֵһˮԴҶһ˿ڣ޸ܵˣĻƣҶһƬ͡
ˡҶŰһ
ϴܵĴˣҶħɭһ²ųȬ
֮ǰƻֻȴû뵽һ֮£Ȼħɭ֣Ǽƻϲϱ仯ǺǣҺջҲе֮ϲҲӦóȥˡҶЦ
Ҷ鶯Ϣнɽּ䣬żָһЩ͸ޣҶҲᣬҪ鷳
ֻ뿪ֲĵط


290 Ѫ
ĪɭѾԼŪԹȥѩħɭΧУ˸ѪâдĿ⡣
ɵϾȻΪħɭΧСѩáֳޣѵͲ֪Լ̰ɫѾܾ
Ҳԣɵ϶ѩõϲѴﵽ˼£Ϊ˻⽫ԼҲĳѩֻҪɾͲϵ
ΪԼġѩáȻԼĻ棬ⲻԼ
ҲΪԼѾ̤ʦ磬ҲǸʿŻô޿ְɡ
ǺǣôҲ벻үоȻСԡ־ҲҪеǿԻҩɣ
ĪɭѰ˸ƽ̹ЩĿյأͽѩŵ˵ϣϸĶԼҹβϵŮİ͹£Σ
ɢ٣羫ƤѩǱǣҷ֡ˡһһŮ˽Ҳ
ĪɭҲ̲סȼյȲĽѩε´һʱһǵľ֮ǰʹʢҿĹѪھȻҲԼˣʵҶѾѾܾˣɭн˰죬оҪˣԼҲеˣǱһºٳȥϾʱ仹磬ûҪô
˭֪ûãͷǰж˹㼱æһôĺ档
㷢ǰһĻˡ
ȣȣҶìܺܣȣͲԼ躹ޣʵǿеԭ
ȣģôŮӾ޸̣ˣҲ۰
еϼįɣ滨һ֦꣬Ϣ㣬ԼĺҲеܲˣȥ
˭ҳҪµĪɭͻȻתͷ͵͵ĺ˾䡣
ں˼Ҷһ㶣СѵʶôǿܷϢԼ
ҶγһߴϣҪȥʱȴֻĪɭںһ󣬼ûʲôתæȥˡ
Ҳ١ҶʱƵѪԼ㻹쵰ȥˡ
쵰˼ϸʱȻôСģȻСү龪һٺ٣Ǿ͹ֲСүˣҶЦ
ʱ򣡡һֱǱҶϢƮȻͬԻõӰһĪɭӶȥ
ҪܵĪɭȻеһ˷ٳԱ㣬ͬʱתͷ󷽿ȥֻһӰгһȫγɵֱӳԼзĺͷһ˫ɱ۾ŷһ
ҶԴ˵ԭ򣬲ѣһ󻼣СԱСҪѣԼԺ֤һ鷳ϡ
ĪɭиΪ裬΢΢ڳƣⲻı
˭ΪʲôҪ͵ϮңĪɭɫ԰ףʮֻֿŵһ䡣
СӣòҪ֪ҶЦЦȻֻø졣
Īɭɫʱһ䣬㵽˭
˵㲻ʣ㾹ȻʣҶа׹ת͵شĪɭԴ
ĪɭֳԼĳֵҶекݺݵظĪɭеĳˣֻײһȫ˿
ۣۣۣۣ
һ屻еĴȥɡҶʮĵ
꣡
ֻзĹǶĪɭͷһӾͱҶеһѪҲȫȥ顱һˤڵϡ
˵ҶЩѧӵô쵰ôѶԸԼΪǱĸ߳һ磬ټ͵Ϯ治֪ʲôȻǰԼҲڲʹ£Ͼӵϵͬ޵пɲǽġҶȻĿѪеʬһۣתӡ
ȴǿ˺һŵɴ˫۾СҲɡO͵ģʮֲ԰׵С
㡭ɱ֪˭𣿣ǱһĲ˼뾪㵣
ԵŮʱ˹պÿҶлĪɭԴһĻ
ʵҶͷˣֻպʱϡϡ䴩·ҶҲ˼ͷֱ϶ŮϺתӡ
عԵӦŮӸмĵлȴûӭȴ벻˼ס
Ҷʱŭգ˼ԼӦɱһ
ģѵԼľ˸ôŮˣǿԸģƶ
Ҳ֪˭ͬʱҲ֪˭ֻ֪ʱҪǿ㣡䳰ȷ͸沿һһٴ
Ůǿ顱ʱɫ˲Ϣʺεĺһ㣬ҶҲɵĿһ㶡
ʱŮҲҶ˼ˡ
ǣǵģˣļһǧҲܽҵĺޣҵĵǴ鷳ˣɱ۹ĪĶӡȻ۹Ī岻ʲô壬ȴùħɭΧļɱڵĴʮΣգŮæҶ͵
żļ廹ʲô壿Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ű˼Ůļһ쵰ļȨˣ
ҲȨƲ˶ϼĴС㣬ԶˮȲ˽𡣡ѩ΢΢еɬģֻҪһȥġ
ԭ֮Գ飬ڵҵĴԼ֮ǰ˵Ļĵ㣬ʲôĪ壬ԼûҲ̵֪ôֻ쵰żͿԿ壬ٲȱǿߣԼ鷳ˣҶοǵǵ뵽
ȻԼŮӣǸҶһǺġ
˰ɣ³⣬û֪Ӧò淢ҰɣҶǿĮԴв֮д˳
ᣬȻᣬңҸл㻹ôȥ㡣Ůæֱ֤
ˣлͲˣֻ·ƽˣһĻӦþⲻԶɣҵˣһӢţټˡ˵꣬ҶһԾ͵˶ʮ׿⴦
ιȵȰһûлˣŮҶʧҪɭ֮Уæе
ˡɭ
ϣܶĪ׷ɱɣãŮǽģʧıӰһĬĬ̾Ϣһᣬתħɭ֡
²ŸչȥʮӣħɭоѾʼѪɱ¾
һһ̴̳һͷʦۿһ˾ͱһ̻ɱ
ϲͻȻֻúһ䣬һȻƻһա
ٶȳ֣ȴֻʧӰ٣ȻԼ϶һѵһѺСķɵ
һСȻѺ˵ȥƵסƻ
©һֲ˼ı飬˵ʲôȴֻһ³һѪ¡
ߣֻܹԼùȻеʱȡ޺ˡһ˻ߵ˵ý壬ȷѾ͸壬һѾͽ䳶Լϣ
߰ɣôѶϢɱŹѰһĿꡣ˵һӣһа˾Ѹʧһ


291 ǻ
Ȼһ˸ʧãⲻԶһô֮ͻȻһ֮һӰ˳ȴǼϢҶ
ѾԼĵɱ֮ˣħɭֵΧӦĴɣԼЩ첻һֱڼ״̬£ҲǵĶɱˣҶеңȴʮֵǵ뵽
ҶɱĪĪɭΪ˲ĪɭĻħɭһȦӺ󣬲С·߳ȥȴû뵽ħɭֵ·Ѿ˸ˡ
ʱҶǾǸɵӣҲ֪ԼǻǴˣһǲܳȥˣҶ˻ħɭ档
ʧ߰û뵽ĪжȻô죬һôķӦҶĿɬơ
ҶҲеŮΪʲôԼɱĪɭһˡ
ԭΪԼߣûʶԼӦûʲôµġ
ȴû뵽ıȻôĺݣǿƣȻҪħɭֵÿһ˶ɱ
ܿɽ
ҹȻϮˮ¹ʥʹظأ
İħɭȴһƬıʹӵɭ졣
һģӰӯĴ֮Уǵ¹һ˫Ŷǹâ۾۽ЩЦЦ
ԼԴУȻ˶࣬ЩĹ۲죬Ϊߵһ֮Ҳֻĸĸ֣ԼֻҪˣֻнǵѲСԼĿܣҶ뵽
Ǻǣ¸ڣ͵ϮɱҹҶͬʱҲеܡ
ǱһôϵҶͻȻԼľٶѸײڶ֮һƣһΪֻʦλĺˣȴϰദҪ
˷ӦʱҶһѾƵؿڰ֮Ҫ赲ǲΨм̳ˣͼ˫ֱƿҶһơ
ϧǣҶĹ̫죬ͣȻˣҲ赲ˣȴûӹеˡ
к³һѪˤһɶԶһҲûˡ
ҶĿٳ֣˷ӦвͬһЩ˷ŭһЩ˾졢ߣЩ΢΢һ㶺󣬷׷׳ֹҶ
ȻҶȴһֺͷˣǲİתۼʧɭ֮Уһݺæ׷ϡ
׷Ҹϣ˺ð죬Ҷ½Ƕûһݺŭֺޣſɭֱʧ
Ӿɱ뷴׷ɱйȥһգҶɱһˣߵһɽ룬ͻȻͣ½Ų૵ôǾЩƺʲôڵԼ
ɻļµĸоֻһζѵԼˡ
ϸ۲죬ƬɭֺƽʱɭûʲôΩһֵûһֻ飬һֻ϶Ҳ˵ˡ
ܼžÿ£һôץһƤһǺţ߹¼Ǻţһ·ȥ
һξ룬ԽеҶվסδȵ
׵Χɫս׵ˡ
ʲôˣͻȻֵˣҶһȴǿԾһӰƱޣǸĪһ
Լݱ¶Խһı̬
˶ʦ磬ˣߣΪǰˣ߲ƣɲ˿⡣
СӣϵеƷǿһȫʬ˷Ц
ΪһӢݣɫսףɫĹȦ壬˫ֽ汧ǰȫһӵ̬ȿҶ
ҲУΪߵһﵽ˾ʦ֮
㲻Īˣ仰Ҷһ˹
տʼΪЩĪ׷ɱɱˣƣԼӦٵˡ
ʲôĪħɭֵĳ·Ϊɱ㣿УҶĻɫһ䣬з׷һ˿Թ
Ҳǣ˭֣֮ܵоԲܡ
˵ɱĪĶү֪Ƿʵͷȴ˿ŭĮʵ
һ¾ǷҲ޼µģѵΪĪֶԸңҶ촽һһ˵
ǰЩĪɱҼֵܣǽµĳԹ̫µ뽫׽סǣԴĪύһȴΪˮµ¿ǰЩӺɱһͷޣֻҪϽͷϵƤëǣ֮£Ǵɵûڼ춢Ҷһ˵㻰
ʲôϴôУǡ
죡Ϊ׵ˣ䶢˸տڵһۣŵ˭Ҳö˵ʲôţ
ɫһ䣬æ˵ʲôȴһ֣µߵ˻ȥ
һԵҶⷬģǺ˻һۺȴĬ
ôͬⲻͬ⣿ʱЩǲͷ
ô֪һͷ޵ʬ壿ҶͻȻЦûǴ֮£ֻϴĪһǿߵ׷ɱʱС¶˳ǻ˵Īˣ
ʲôĪˣȻҵĺ⣬ǾͲҪ²ˡԼļıҶʶƣ¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ʵҲҲҶ˵ôϻ֮ǿȫҶġ
ԴϴΣҶӼһ´׷ĶûǿڳҶһҪݾߣ뾡취סȵǿ߸ϵ󣬲ܲȡж
ָһ£ҲòھȻҶʶƣǾֻǰˡ
ܣ׽漴һ΢ȻһɫĹCƣɢŵ㺮⡣
ҶͫһҡҡͷǷϢңԶûзǰ㴿ȴŷϢ⵽ʲô
αΪ󹦲ŵʹ͵ģȻֻ÷൱ڷҲڶˡְĸ£ȻɭȻҶ
һ֮£һŵ̹Ҷ
ҶҲгһӣжʱһ죬һӰڿУתЩ̹⾡С
ϵĹâɢȥʱһɫԾţŵâ
ֳɫĿⱻҶ޵âȻһ۾ͿķαƷ
οҶɢϢҲ֮üҲһɫֲܴǿԭϾȻ챦ʦ磬ӵз۲


292 
ϴ󣬶ְɣʲôѵܵסΧɣһϽ¾ˡͬ˷зĲ΢ת󣬺Ȼ˵
Ϊ׵˵ͷȻҲ˵ʲôڼʿһ֣˸һͬʱ׷ȡԼʽصĳ׻˸Ĺǵ
ҶɫһĬһ˦ͻȻвˡ
굽һĻüͷһ壬ȴû˵ʲôɫһʹâԽҫĿҶ˲ޱȡ
ʱ˵Χ֮գۼҪγɣǶ϶Ҷ޿ӡ
ƶԴҶԼ뱻֮УͻȻһ죬ԭͻȻٶȼ죬аӰһΣҶԭʧһ̳һʮɸߵĴϡ
ҶͻȻϣ˿⣬ֻĴӻͳһźɫ£˸ӡź㻯һźǰͷֻȵȥ
˿ͻȻǴһЩ֦ײϣľ죬˵ˣ·ܳӡ
վһһĽעʱҫ⣬Ҷ
ʲôҶд󺧣ûôǰһȻǺȥ
ǺһһڣֹâȻ
ֻĵһ
ҶдˣΣҶֻٴ˵ء
ǼΪ˶Ը㣬˺˿ˣ
һ꣬עһϡ
źһʵķȻһ˽λ˻ޣĪ֪ɱ˶ߡ
ΪʲôУ⻹ͷ꣬ĪŲһĵλ
û뵽ϻķҶе⣬֮ȫע֮С
Ź⣬ıƽ
ںһɲǣһ޴ֶȥҶһͻȻըˡ
ҫ۵İ׹俪еľﶼӳ˰ɫ
Ҷȫɵע֮У̺֮󣬿֪޴ĺصɽ䣬еıѣʹ÷Բʮڵĵط÷顣
ͬʱӴĳɣڼʿǿѪΪĪ֮ǲҲҪߣͱҪ˵ʶָӲУ˵ʶϢϢأըʹͬش
ҶԼ֮䱾һֱ嵱Уսģ壬֮ըҲֻǺľڷֻҪһʱ䣬ɻָ
ַĪڶֵ׷ν˳֮
ʱǼź׷״Ӹ߿¡
Ҷ˴ϲǺı壬һûһñһ˺ΪһǼźȥ
ɾʱк׵һҶһòֵķԥһ߰˵һģһӰɲǼûһʱ޷Ҷ
Сӻ飬֪ãһƵ漴һֻɫͻȻ˺Ϸ΢΢һǼźɫĴ֮С
ͬʱҶԭվĵطȻ˿ȻһӰж
ˣҶԥһȫһһâ˻еǵӰ
ȴֻ˸ϴһ죬Ҷȫɫâʲô˿ǵӰҲһġ
һ֮£ʹԭһʧһ̳Զһλϣת׹¶һŭ֮ݡ
ղһܻ󣬻ܱҶشᣬû뵽Լ͵Ϯɣñúݺһѣʶʹƽϲŭɫ˿Ҳŭ
쵰ȥɣһ̣һĳìУ˫һʮɫâһŵĳҶȥ
ӵϵλҶһû뵽Щһô͸ˣ̾Ϣ䣬һ漴ȫâһʧЩ⾹ķ׷һա
ֲϴܴѣһȻ˿ЧҲûȡղŵĲܷͱ˵һ龰жݳеŭʱ˴룬æҶȥ
ֲӵĶʲôҪ㡣ɫˮ磬ͻȻһȻΪһֱԶȥȥ
Ϊ㻹ӵˣɫӰݺݵЦã㳢ۼҵֶΣӰʮ̣¡¡һ
ף쵰СӻڹģͻȻһУӲֹסԼľٶҶƻ
ҶȻֻʦڵΪȴӵè̵ľһ﷢֮ʣȫŲڱܵһ˲䣬Ȼ֮ìݺݻһ¡
ʱܳԶֻ壬ìĽȻݺݽһʯϣҶȴûʲôˣ¾ʯݺһ޴ʯ䡱һըʯĴŨ̳ɢ
Żҳڣٴο
Ҷһ˫ϵУͦסʱ͸õϵУϵ񱼣Լ֪˶ԶѾȫʧħɭ֡
ɭУŲƣٶȿޱȣޱ߼ʵرܣʹľ޴Ҫӵڳ˵ͶסˣҲѾƣˡ
ʵħɭУҶҿ񱼣һܼɻ£ħɭ̫ĲȷأСֻܵ߼޵ĵУԼôĶ֪
Ҷɵں׷ٵǸϵԾСһħɭҲܣһȴȫûй˼ǵΪ
Ҳ˶ãҶвûм٣࣬ĲҪ޳ˣҲ֪ǸϵʲôֶΣȻ׷Ḷ́ϵһ
һѾ׷ϴˣⲻ·ϱô
ô룬Ҳ־ܣӿռָȡһҩȫȡ
ʮӣȫָҶվ󷽿һۣЩһѾԽԽˣֵÿˡ
ҶǰУѾһеľϣ׼ԶһȫȻ׹һ֮Ųһξ롣
Щ׷ҲܻۼҶǰ棬Ĳ˷ޣֻӰֲӰ
϶ǼһֱжԶˣʱһһӰϵҶղڵĵطȴͣǵɫӰڵ


293 ʧ
ֻ֨֨Ǻ˵ļһֻģޣǼıᣬͻȻ˼Ǻɫ²ſڣѵǧ֮⣬ģӰ·Ǽһܲˣ
ҵûĹǻɫӰ±ӿЦֻħɭ֣Ҳ̫ܼˣʶ˾ܣҲԷ֣ⲻСӦñˣ
߰ɣ˳ǼһȥɾҪΪЦˡҲе㰵п࣬õǿߣǺεĴڣȴΪһ仰ܵ
ˣ壬˵׷ɱһϺмǲģͻȻʲôʵ
ɫӰźˣ¶һ˿ɫͻȻ˵ѵ϶ҲǼⷲôҲӦи󵽰ɣ˵⻰ʱǱ䡣
ٺ٣ǲҲԵ²ǼһʦλΪһλϵ֮ܽĻɢ˺Ц
Ͳ϶ˣɫӰ˵꣬Ƶ£Ʈ׷ȥ
ҺǾ͹ֲˡ¿ǰǸɫĹ㣬Ļгɷ
Ҷǲ֪һ֮׷ţǿеķ֪£Ƕеķһǲ֪ӦðӦúˡ
Ҷ֪ʱֻ֪ӦôѺҧŻһֱܣƺѾƫ˺ˡ
һ죬Ҷһɽ֮ϣɽ֮ϣ죬״˼ÿϵĴް֮ܵ±߿һۣҶпࣺղűܵ;Уһʧ㣬ˤʬ޴棿ȴ·һߣףܵһ·ˡ
ŴӲԶðһһӰҶ¶һ˿ЦˣλãЩǻˣ
էһҶǱһһСӾȻˣʲôƣҲ̲סЦСӣôܰ
ҶﰵҪ·ܣˣ֪ˣͲӢ۾ˣԴѪĴҪĲ档±ӣε˵ܲǡ
ǻɫӰЦţȻˣͽϵͷʬ壬ǼԼ꣬ʹζҪǶ֣ٺ٣Ӧ֪ɾһζˡ
ҪҵķޣҪСүԱꣿҶÿ׳յǻɫӰú󣬲ſڵҪ㣬ôԴ¯˰ɣ
ܣӰ˺ջҧһһٵ˵һΣ
Ҷһ޹˵˵ǺܱǸֻղŵҪ̫׳ˡˣϾһǿˣǵ֣ô֣ǲǵʱ򣬺ڳԺڣ˵߹۲˵ľٶֻҪһ쳣Ͳȡڶַ롣
Ǻɫ¿ҶԳܲõӣ΢Цǰô֣ţӦȻƴһǲ֮ǰٺ٣˵ɡ
һҪ
ҶԴ󼱣ԸԼԼͷʣ£еιͣǼˣ˵ʲô޺ҲõģҪǱƻˣӾ¡
һ⻰ǻӰЦ¾Ͳţû򲻿ԶѰġ
ҶЦ¶Уʲô𣬷û·ǰһּ˶Ҳǲǰһһ
ͻȻֹסӰˣЦ֪㵨ӲСȴ֪ڲžҲô죬Ҳףǿϧ
ҶƲƲ죬˵㲻ϣ
ǣҪɱ㣬Ͷˣ£˭Ҳûô˵ɺãǲҪˣֻҪ㽫޽ǱŹ㡭
ҶЦ㵱Ұ׳ôҪǵޣҪɱңСүԩ
ԷģֻҪ㽫ϵ޷УǿԶħģ˵ʵҲֻǮƣģ㾹Ȼһͷʬ壬ȻԺ˵ɢһӣһССĴӱҶǰ档
һĻҶɲҽ޵ʬУħģһ꣬ȡһװ޵Ƥ
ȻֻҪ򿪴ӣ޷УͿ뿪ˣǾ㡣Ǻĵ˵
򿪴ӣޣһôˣ˵ţɾվŲ
ǻӰ˿ļͻȻɭɭôӣ
ҿ衭ҶͻȻһǴȥ
ɽŻҪ;УֻǴͻȻ顱һѿ
мһӰǰվǺ˼ϵֻӰľгһХԾμת۱ϻСһҶһ˫צֱȡҶ˫Ŀ
ӰλʦޣҶһæܣ֪ӰȻӱ󣬵ȴһƣһһˣ
ҶҲܲ˵ڵأֻһɭɭֱʺҧ˹ȥ
Ǻ˹ЦСӴˣȴϣڻôܡδˣͻҶһ̽һų˿ޣУӰˡ
Ҷͳ±߱ȥ
һһڣӰ߳ߣͻȻһȻһӣһ⣬Ҷֱ£
һȻҲȫҶصĵʱ䡢λ㶼׼׼׼һɽҶԴ룡
һͣҲ׼ҶҲѷ֪ض⧲Ҷ֪أͻȻһ⿰ǰ£δ˼
䡱ֵͣڵϣǳĴ
Ҷȫһһ߿ٳ±߱ȥһ߻ͷվסֻҪ߳һ̡
һ⻰ʲôҲòӾȻӲסˣһ˿ɷվס쵰Ѳˣ桭
桱ַ˵Ҷ˵һ̤գ֮ųڣֱ׹䣡
£ԣס
ۿҶֱ׹ȥŭһ˹Ҳϲˣû뵽˿׷˼գͷȻʲôҲûãг˲ʡ
Ҷľ̴٣ܻȴһ
ȻЩ֮䣬ǻӰûзӦʼնעҶ˵һһҶһŤ֮ʱ֪ˡ
һͬʱҶ˹ȥĸں˵Ҷɽµһ˲䣬±ߡ
ʲôûõǻô·ƯİƣӰ漴̾һ
ˣ壬ǻȥɣȻûʬ壬ǴôߵɽȥѾˣģǲ淢ģӵз֮£̵飬Ҳû棡ͻȻ
㣿϶ݣ飬ˣϣԺҪ·ϣߣӰһת뿪


294 
Ҫ˱ģ壬ҲԹңһ˿ɫͷһµףȻҲɽⱼȥ
еһжѾˣƬɽָֻԭеƽ
ҶԶһЩϴ˻Ҫö࡭һ̤գǼٵģֻ˿ġ
ʵѽƵһ˿Ƶȥģʵƽ÷ֺӻ£ֵһͻʯϣҲסɽ٣˶ϡ
ȻҪкܿ۾ϸģҪкܴĵӣҪϵҪӵʶϵðô
ȥĶ
ɢȥˣҶ˿˰Σ۾±ֻϹȻûˣȥ֪ʱԾ춯
Ҷ֮£ŤͷһƣŷǾǺӣʮֻͨҰҲ֪ǴģѧģϣԴ졣
ħɭΧͨҰԶ޶࣬ͻȻұôӣҶҲ΢΢е졣
ȫϢһţҪЩӣ֪ЩӲûܣ׷׶˹һĻҶǺǺЦֲ֪βܸǣֻôڵꡭȥ
ЩҰħɭѾãϰ˸޵ѹҶҲ죬֨֨ĽУЩӵƨɣˡ
ҶЩĺӾϷûԶȥǿߣֲЩż̲סһֻ֣óһӡȥϣȥ򣬿һ죬ͻˡ
Щʲô̼һ㣬ͻȻһѷ䳯˹ƽʱҶȻ¡
˿յͱϣֶֻôǷ޻һʯϣǿڳԵУһˣʮֻǻмֻԾĹֱ˹
ֻҪЩ͵ֱȥ
Ǻ£żֲҳȣͱȥʱͻȻžһ죬ֻֻӾȻסǿʯֻۡһˣҶ亹ӳͼסһңֻʱڵ±ڹ⻬ޱȣﻹѰͻ֮ʯ
׹ĹУҶͷһۣˣ·ĺһƬҪֱȥǲŹ֡
߾һȺͨҰϣҶһ뵽治֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ
۾ЦˣСүǿж־ЩӺˡ
ʱͻȻ֪һֻë׵ĺצҶһӶһץסֻצˣֻҶ֮󣬺צץס֣־˺һ㣬۵ֱȴס
ֻץסֻצȴǴϵһģҶĪһֻѿǵޣЩҰﶼǴǺħָʹİɡЩͨҰٴ󵨣Ҷһ֣߳ħﲻ֪ʲôͷץȥѵԶСүˡ
һת̰˶ȥסǸȷơ
˭֪ӻδǶﾹͻȻи˵ּϸһֵĪҪһͽ㶪ȥּϸ߷Ǻӣ˵˻
ΪﵽȻҲ˵˻ܻеģһ㣬ҶһĪ˲ħצôͣ
ɾʱǺצһɣҶͻȻ׹ȥ
Ҷŵһ亹㡭㾿ʲôץסСү֨֨ЦСӸղʲôҲ֪Ҫİ㣬áһ꣬ͻȻһٽҶ˸ʵ
Ҷ˿ڵ㡭ˣޣ
ͻȻһ˵ޣСٰ㶪ȥ
Ҷûϲŭ޳ļһ˿Ц𣬱㵽Ҫȥ
㴹֣ȫ۵ɢȥ׼
С˼קţҶֻйԹԵѱ⡰ˡֱȥһڣֻצĴطһ㣬Ȼסȫ̧Ҳ̧
ţűǶ
Ƕڲ󣬵ȴС
Ҷȫ⣬ڵ棬ʱʱײϵʯϣȫۣԴֱΣſ۾ֻһֻŴ쳯ֱЦ
⡰ӡǲСҶ࣬ϸһƣ⡰ӡϾ·Ȼãȴȷ˴·ֲ١
ϸһƣ⡰ӡȫ䳤ëҲë۾Ǳӣȴ˵ģ
ǡӡȴҧҧЦƼôҾʲô
Ҷ̧ͷһۣŵԭˣ˲ĳëˣųܣֲָʹЩҰ﹥ˡ
ٺ٣Се۹⣬ǺĴڡ⡰ˡЦ
ߣһȺ΢̵Ұްˣ֮˵ͻȻһĽ߳һģӰ
Ŷ⣬ҶһʱҲòϸǲ԰׵ˣ·ȴûһ졣
ҶӲͷƤʲô
俴ҶһۣŵʲôҾʲô
ˣ׶˵˻ֱҲˣòʵҲ̫ˡ£Իȥˣ⿪ڵˣô
⡰ˡ̾ϢһǸѾҰްɡ
δ˵꣬ǡӡŭңҲǱ㺦ģ㱻ܳȥˣ
ܳȥҶһŴط
Լ֮ǸȻɵĵصʯߣͷиԲĴףչӿ͸ֻǴɣһ벻СĴӿе˽Ӵ˲ܳȥ
ʯصףڿдУ˾Ҳδֻ˴ߴβȷˡ
ʯĿ˲ٴѵǡõϣû
⵹Ǻ
ʱͻȻǡˡҪѬģе޺ˣôĪЩ쵰׷޿ӣУȴǸأȥҲˡ
ԭһĪ˱ƽⶴеģ⵽ԼͬҶ۾תתȥһ⻰ҲЩЦҪ֪ǸĪСүɱģھͻӵƤɣ
뵽Ҷת˵ʲô֣
һһ⻰ͷҲֱͦĿͻȻ˹⣬ӵħɭֵðŶУ˭˲֪


295 թ
ǡӡٺЦĳƨҲֻǸڣְҵΪЩðŶӻһΣգܵñ˭죬ǰЩգáĪ塯ɱĶӡ
Цô㡮ëΪβͷȥһв֮أƨƨߵĸˡ
ģ㻹˵¡ëﱩף۵㲻˵Ĳ֮أ԰ȫҲôȴˣȴûҵȥ֮⹷ģ㺦ҵģ֪ˣΪѵĪǸӲɣֻ벻Ī彻񣬲ݱܿǣȴû뵽ôһ죬첻Ӧеأزˡ
˵ô࣬Ҫǿڿˣûˮȣ˻༥̣೰Ҷֲôסˣ֪˾ѣǳУֻƣߵһ顣
ֻңҵ㣬Ѽϣһȴ˭Ҳδ֡ëЦĪǣСˣڽӣѲįɱ㣬Ҳûʲôϵ
Ȼֻһľ磬ˣǰˣȴߣҲһȼҪƴ¹˭֣һˣҾɱңǰҲС
ģǳǵģôСүˡҶʱ̲ס˵˻ǲҪˣǿ򣬾ֻһܻȥһⰵյĶУ񲻹¶
ëݺݵˣƾЩӾˣ
Ҷãѵû뵽ȥ
ˣõС˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦû⣬ڵϣͷȴҴΣ˼ԮȥͷʯߣֻҪԼָʵƾԼɫޣҪ跨ȥҲδزܡ
ϾɫǷ̴СãֻǱԽĵԽ࣬ҲԽС
ֻǽ֮ɡãСƾԼټڳ֮УκһʵԽ޻óˡ
Ҷɫٶ֮ƳЩߣͻȻС㲻뵽취ȥˣ
Ҷĵڴ˴ȫ⣬ѱзӣ˲ܾңˣ
⻰һϲëӣ㻹СֵϵķӡҶзӳȥһﾹȻ֮ǰġСɡСֵܡʹ硣
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⻰ëе㾪ɲˣĿҶҶ˫͸Ĵ۾ǵЦһֵзӳȥ
ҶЦܾӳطҽԴ͸㡣
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ҶһᣬŵǳȥҪǵ޺ˣʲôϵ
ҶЦҵ˼֪ǲᶮġһᣬŵǳȥѣ֮ǰҪǿʵչ£е޺ó
ҶҪչʵëѴЦЦСӣĪɵˣҿھ粻λʦ֮ɡչ£ڣѵ㻹λʦλʦ֮ɣţƤɲˣӵ굱ڳλʦ֮ͣʮ֮ãλ硣㾹Ȼ쿪¾λʦ֮⻹뵽Ҫթȡǵ޺ˣôҲɫĵӰɣ
ĿҶ˵һʲôĸоЦݣͻȻһֵ˵зڶʱʵ
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ҶҲֻǶЩ޺˳񣬶Щر֮ȴǿҲûһۣ˰Σ߹ȥЩ޺һһʰ
ֻÿʰһţϵıǱ˿һƵģҲ֪ǿЦ
Ҷһʰ߿ʱƤ࣬۾̣ﲻֹͣСѽСºܽӴط֪Ҫô
ҶҲֿһ޺ˣֻйâһͻȻ¶һ̵Ĳ޺ˣҶ޵޺ˣϲȥʰʱ
Ѳֱͣð飬ȭͷͻȻ˹ȥһѶҶǿŻ޺ˣ˻С񷨣Ҫҵ
ëҲһҶЩ޺ˣ׼˭Ҳ׼һʼ޺ˣԺΪָտɴֻҪӳΪʣ˵ССĴһЩŵ֮УҲԺˣ
Ҷ֣ߣҲҪܳȥУѵҪЩ޺һطӵһʼ޺ˣֻ»ûͻƵ֮ͻ˰ɣ
ëҧأӾΪ޵޺ˣ֮򶷵ģЩѳôĿ࣬ڵ޺ˣСӿھŪȥˣܸġ


296 
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ͷ⡭
ҶЦƵ˵ʱҪÿڵ޺ˣʱҲٻǡ
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ϲ̵ĽЩ޺ˣҶùЩ޺ˣܴǳȥŪҶûϵ
ʵԼҲЩˣʮڵ޺ˣһЩʦڵģǿޱڵģܹ°ٿ޺ˡ
޺ˣʦȻֻʮһǧԪ鲻ȣڵĿȫ㷨ˡ
޺˱м֮гϣһЩʦڣʦλ޺ˣλʦ޺ˣǾ򵽣˵ϵ޺˵ġ
޺ˣһֻϣп֣ܳЩ޺һ֣ԻЩȥ޺˶ߣһ֮ԽǸ߽׵ģԽѵá
һ飬ڼ䣬ñңһʧܣǿҲûô޺ʵˣʱʲôĺӦ֪ɣٺ٣˵⻰Ҷе޺˰һĹɰڷźãֻЩ޺һȻΪһཻĹ缤תۼγһ֡
ҶٺһЦ˽ȥʧ˹С
ҶЩ޺˰ڵϣëﻹ϶һ˿ۣ૵ܼӣʮİܼӣģȻ޺˵龧ã÷֡жЩҶĳ嶯
һ뵽ǵĳȥ֮ҶϣԼڴ˵أֻϨ˼
ǲҶƭʱûзӴǳȥѾãһҶ
˵ʵҶҲԸڴ˶යģԼ¶Ǿȳȥ֮󣬿һԥĽԼɢѰ·飬
һҲֻܸıԣˣֻеԼҲﵽλʦľ磬ʱӵзԼͬʱλҲǲˡ
ȡöԪߣ˫Ŀգǰһ˿޵⣬һ㡣
ƫƫǰЩԪɢĸɫȴ·ͨ쳯Ʈȥһ֣Ȼγһɫ򣬳׽û˽ȥ
Ȼ޺޺ֶ棬ǮҲһ򵽣ֱֻҪ˷аٷ֮ʮְܼӵľٶַٲƴ֣Ҳȥ
нԪ飬ԪĿǰѵķʽ
һգգһܣʱһĹȥϵĳڲȥҶȴԭأû˿ı仯
ħɭֵһյϣһƬˣҪô˫Ҫôؿڣ״졣
ϸһڵϵ˶һͬ㣬ǵǺͶжһѪ˿ʮѾѪֲܿǱһ
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ʱֻëͷСֵܣһؿǰʮǡħγǡˣ󣬾ĪǿҲûˣɱ
˵ֹЦͶɱ֮УɱЩ˵Уֻ˴ﵽ磬һ˻ֻһһ
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ߺ˵Ҳһ㣬Įһ֮ͱɣͬʱȵס֣
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ৡһϣĸһݺĲ裬Ȼ糱ˮģԶȥ˲ʧԶ
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֪սȥҲǱ𣿡䵭
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ëڿûعͷҶСֵܣǿ㾹ȻλʦľӲƴλȻӲƴһһҲò˵Ǹ
ͬʱعͷҲһɻĿҶ
ĹȽ⣬ҪʱǿмԼǱڶʱڿʹԼĹַ𺦷ǳ󡣡ԴɳƵߺ󵭵Ĵ
ŶԭСֵܣķԺҪϾ֮ëһȻԴĵĵ
ǣȻˣҪΪҲŲƴʹּˣˣλǰ治ԶγˣӦҲûʲôΣˣǾְɡߵʾֽ
ǺðɣԺԵټˣζлСֵܵľ֮ˡëһ˿
ٺ٣Ҹȡ裬ллĻͲ˵ˣλˣһҶ˱ʾ󣬿첽ǰʵĳӰٷɳ۶ȥ
ֱҶʧԶΪС˵ĻëͻȻʮ侲ѯʵ
˵Ǽ٣˵ʲôҪǣѾǴǹط͹ˡƺëﲻôðȻ֮ǰһ
ǾȳˣҲ̫˰ëȻе㲻ĵ
ȻģΪβȥɱûԶ㻹üԶȥҶһۣ˵
ߣͲˣʲô⣬ҪΪҲ֪СȻ˵ûλʦ֮չʱͻȻϢҶӦˡûλʦ֮˭ţټӸСǸ޷ҶϣҲԲã֮ҿҴˡëһ̧žߡ
ҵֶһˣѵвСӲƴһ𣡡һͷһ޼ʵɭһۺҲȥ


297 ûǮ
۹һƷǷĳǳ֮С
һ俪չķһ߽߳ߣƫݣһϮƵϳۣʮݵӶǽϵһ鳤Լ׵ˮԴʮֵĲ⡣
ȻˮǵӰڼһӺæֵʮֻֿš
ˮǵӰȴ֮ǰ˵ĺ졣
ֻǴ˴˿ȴû֮ǰֵ԰׵Ѳһϸܵĺ飬֧֧ǣǵģˣ֮Ǵﵽǿߡһ˵лӵαӦ֪αǿУҲʮִġ
ߣα뷨Ȼ֪˽⣬ʱҲжλڳȻһˣڼϵʱһ£˵ܻɱǣסҲǺѰɡֻҪһСᣬӦΧͻ֧ԮǣݵӴϺĽ˵ߵȻԺĽ˵ʮ⡣
һ˫۾ҲעˮĻ¹ĺ졣
ܺеʮ־ֵæǵģ¾ƴҲסǵģ֮ǸߵСȻΪֻʦ硣ȫȴʱλ⣬˽ΪǴֵСӱһֻǲ֪ʲôֶԼΪϾ»ǵһοԽսˣš
ţô˵ǲܹˣǿߣܽǸɱˣˣȻˣͲҪˣϾҲһɱҶ֣ħγǵˮҲ̫ˡȥǼٵǻϣҪħɭ֮µ˸ˡӵȻ
֣ҲȫֱðҲǸϽǣ
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ħγǣ
ڴǵĳУҲħɭһС
ħγǲڴ
ħɭֵħγǣɽ̩ųǣ纣ǣط۹˵һ֮طûκһܹռУһֱһĴڡ
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ط˵ÿסӣһֱû˸£Ϊ˭Ҳ
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ҶĿɿڴǸԶȥĶӣãѵСүһл񲻳ɣģǵڶ˵ؤˡ
ͷһԼĴ磬ͷ۵£ĲƮҷһؤɫ߱űӿЦ⿴ȥеҿĸо
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ԹԣǼ£ԼǸϽѪͳȥܱĺá㬣öһµ̧꣬˹ȥ
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һһĻߣ׼ȷ䵽ǸУ죬۵УҶ˽ȥ·ʱŵģ
̵ƹǸӣ˫°ཱུ͡С۾͸žһĻæӹ̨ƨߵߵ˳ЦλүӭС꣬ǧû۵ĻƼƽϣʲôСȡ
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ˣŵͷ󺹣ڵϣæƹģСľٷˣǧҪС֪߰ˣ־һöرҵСѵˣһǷǸԼһǿˡ
ҶһۣʲôҲû˵ֹۿ˵ļһʵûʲôøУ¼Ϲŵ·˼ۣŵƹģļķװסĿɨ¼ܣ˵Ǽڰ׷ë
ƹȡǼڰɫ磬ЦǺ˵үǡѩޡƤƳɵ磬ãСõһ硣
ҶëƤȻ⻬ĺܣԼħɭִЩëƤȴǲԶˣҲûжãʲôѩޡʲô
ƹ˵öѩޡͨҰޣҲѲ񣬶ҴƤëˮ͸굲磬ϸů
ҶһЦȥǲ
ӴүʲôСһһ޶Ķ
ãˣղҪʮ¿һãȫҪˡ
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ǮҶһ꣬һ£⣬ԼϺûһǮ
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Ҫرңʮ¿ҪʮرңһʮرҡƹžЦش
꣬Ҷûжƹɻүһʮöرҡ
ҶüͷڿʲôȴûгǮ˼նʱЩš
ĸҲΧȻΪ˷ֹҶ
˰ΣҶתͷƹղ޵Ƥë


298 
޵Ƥëƹһ㶣ҵæ˵գȻա룺Թԣޣѵһ߲ɣֻôôŤ
Ҫ֪Ҷһ·ħɭִ˲£¾Ͳˡ
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ʵҲѹֲţⷲ޴򽻵棬ɸǸûʣȻҲװεĹˣɶܲܳƤЩɡ
үܵһħγǣ˽ʽ޵Ĺصĵ棬һЩˣЩгƤĿͻҲաʵǵչëƤǴգֻǴıЩѡһֱһĬĬǸȻ˼䡣
ϵȷЩϵĲϣëƤȴֻ飬ɺãһˣһ飬һƤãһһƤëǮ͵㣬æģƤû֮ǰȷöҵѺҶĬһ󣬲ŵ
ȻԣүھҪǼƤС϶ʱԿʼƹҶ˵ʱһھʹӦӻϰ죬İöһСѵĵرҷҶǰ
ȻԽԽãһñ֤ҶǿġθУͳһһëƤ˹̨ϣ˹̨ϵرҲŵһЩҪ򣬵Ȱ󣬾ͻȡ
Ҷһж˵ˣͲԸڴ˶赭дĸǺת߳˵̡
үߺãƹ˵仰漴ͻָ̬æµ
Ҷ˵̣óһƤüȻ˼ҵǮȽⶫͳȥĺáڽֵϱһ·򣬱㳯ǰȥ
ԵջСҶװ磬Ȼüͷȴûֹꡣ
ڣҶۿȥֻ߰ˣڽŶŮӣһŮһūװΣ뵽ǸŮȴӰһ廨ȹ̬ȣǸ˵İŮˡ
ֻҶ޹ֵǣŮû˿ԾһͨˣǸɢˮԪصֻһûʦαߡ
ʱСҶûнз˵˼һӿҶ䵭λ͹ۣ֪ǷԵˣ
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ɾʱֻһĿȻС磬ǹһˣҵϺˣ
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Ůӿȥʮ쵰ѩ͸źΣһ˫۴ģ֮䲨
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СĳǲҶ룬ǼҿºܿҪͷˡ뵽еǷѪ̾Ϣ
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ѾҪ˵Ů̧ͷݺݵŮһۣȴͷһЦɾʱѾͷȴסһӹһ˿졣
ŮüôˣԷ
С㣬ɵСӣ߹ˡƤŮͻȻ˵һ䡣
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ӣǣŮۿȥϵǿƤЩͿˡ
ƤŮƲ֪ˡһ꣬ͻȻ־ͳǿƤץȥǵոմһʱͻȻɫ䣬һһУ𣬳Ҷ
Ҷȴ΢΢һЦָֻ΢һ㵭ִϻ
ƤŮ;Ҷɵɵվԭأûһ˿ܵ˼һûһ˿ѵֻһŵģɱҲϷˡһֱ̧ȴֻǽҶĲϡ
Ƥȵ˭ģ
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˵ֻһţǡҶ΢΢üЩҪֻһһѷĳļʺ
Сԭʹ˫İҶЩζЦã૵СŮ⽣ǧҪúˣҪ׼ҿҪˡһ䣬˵ġ
Ѿ⹫ӰɣʱֻǰŮгǿƤɫ΢΢е԰׵
С㣬ôУˡ
ˣѾ㲻Ҫ⹫ûйϵʱǰŮˣʹӣ֪ŵǸǷһɫĶ񣿡
Ҷ¶ȵô֪
׷ˡһ⻰Ů֪ʲôͻȻѪɫ
תƤŮ͵Ѿǿȥ㾡һŰ
ðɣƤѾͷݺݵҶһۣڽϵĽ
ӣҲҪСһ㡣ǰŮǴĿҶһۣŲ˿ջ
ҲҪСģѵǼһﻹҪɱԼڲɡҶһâҲ˵Ŀ䵽߳ջǰŮϣ૵ʲôȻ˵ǣ
ȻǸҩĵǱȽ󣬵ΪһŵҪŵ£Ǻټģ̾ϢһҶҲ˿ջ
ⵤҲҪУȻǸļһҪѰԼ鷳ǿɾһˣϾǸҲǺܺġ


299 
ԵջҶһӶưǰĵطӣҲڵĿĵطϾɱĪĶүɲҴҡڵסЩ¥ջ
ЩطסȥҪǼ֤ӶưɣֻҪǮͿסɲǴʲôġ
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ȻĥѣɭµҶڽӶưɺȴһְȺĸоʹһθеһ
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Ҷ΢Цĵ˵㣬沽ں棡
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ҶһЦбԾͬȣ˶ͷһ㣬㶨ԭء


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ʱʿһЦ˵϶ĻҪǷ¶лᣬԾµȻᣬøҡ
ǹֵߴ˿ɫһᣬͻȻ֣ҧ˵϶֪Բ󵱼ңǰݣҺһ
ʿЦô˵Ҳ֮еһӣô˵Ļѵ㲻֪ͽֵܵƢ𡣡
ͷˣݲұ䣬ŭȵȻҪ˾·ϷҲҪᣡһ䣬﷢֮ӳʳָָȫԪ֮ѡ
еķҲ֮ǧնͷл³ͳɳƵͬģһɳİѹ纣籩֮ʱ쫷һ㣬Ժ䡣
ǷϵߴﵽʩչĽУôܣףеĶϵ޺ˣڵģʱʿǼ˼ͷ˵ƣ޲ȻˣջǹȻæˡ
֮УͷܿʼŵɫâķС
ЩޱȵСУָʾγһȦǵƶٶȷǳ죬ڰзţХƿ֮ķУǴϿȥļµ
ͷΪһķУɷ󣬴ﵽȺɱЧƴĳȡڵԪ֮ȵͷųڶеʱɫѾ콴ϣҡҡ׹
ŷԪʮ꣬˿̽ڵķϵ޺ˣһʩչķУġǧնǲ˲٣Ҳ㹻ˡ
Ԫ֮ѳȡﵽޣٲͷųȥֻԼ͵÷ɣƲסЩˡ
ȥͷһ˫һӣУһ㣬ָȺ򣬿ȥɲǼ䣬Ƿбǧϸ⣬Ŀ
꣡
꣡
꣡
ɵСͷ󣬼һι˶ЩˣȻҲҶڣ磬ͷŭʱ֪ã˵ȫʩչ˳длԼڰҲ˱Ƶϴ
ˣûҶôˣǵסȥ·ˣߣͨߣܻľʯ飬ЩУһ⣬鿪
ԺǸˣٴ⵽еĿϮҽеأˣߺ
΢Ʈ֮ɢȥʱԺаҰɢʬ֫Ĵǣ޵
ʿҲһĲҺײʯǽ¿㾡٣Ʈ䣬ģȴŵ⽻֯ףһα
αͷȻŭĿ
һǧնǧСʿ¶η֮ɫȻԼܵļʱα壬Ҳ˼Ѫۣһƣֻʪʪģ֪ʱ߳һѪ
̧һ֪ʱоȻ˸ѪҲǸղЩ̡
ĿǿȥһĿڴ˼пڷǳƽĿӣǰ͸߹ǵѪڿӿضǣȥʱ
һվǰͬʱд͸ûһϢҲĲˡ
û뵽ͷĲһȻλʦ˸е˼顣
ͷʩչꡰǧնĽߣȫҲǾʧͨһڵϣɫҰףǴҲ˿˿ѪޱȣƺʱԶϡ
ʿһת¶֮ͷǰҪһ䣬Ծ󻼣һǸʲô󵱼ҵģ㻹ҪҪ
ĺܣƮ·ÿ˵һ֣㻻һλ˵ⷬʮλȻ֪ǺˣҲ֪ǴӺδģʿ΢΢һЦηһ˻


303 й
ǵص㵨ͷë˱үĺ£֮󣬾
⻰ʿЦֻһɺֱͷһֻ֪˵֮ˣԼȴƫƫҲⲻ˵Ϊ˿֮ôĿתܣȴͣͷϡ
ʱǰ巢ϢĪɱǺѸϵˡ
ʱһ£ǰһ󵱼ңǰ֮ڲ㣬϶ΪŲ
ʿһɣŭ㶮ƨһæ˵һԣĬȻ
ɾʱһӰͻȻ룬ҶҲӦõβʱˣϢʿ
ڳҴˣͻȻӰıٶסˡ
ȺʣµһߣͻȻһ˴ܵǴ󵱼ҵ󣬲ɱߵ˻һ󵱼ңСı󣡡
˭ʿ͵ķޱȵĻӶǹǹмǿҶȴһǹһɫָ˿ֺδ˼Ҷֺ
ʿĿɿڴУҶһЦȥɣһͻȻһóɵ֮ظҽ̳Ѫ
ʿһ˫۾ѪӿزſڣĲģڸѪ˿ôҲû뵽ԼȻȥ
˵ʬ׵һԣҶתЩˣǵҵĶˣ͸ȥɡ
ʿһС׵Ľ˶һĻĿɿڴҪȥ˲Լͬİ߾ۼǼϡ
ǼҴ໥һۣͻȻ۸ţɱΪҵı𡣡
Щ߶ϼ޻ļһҪɱҶʲôΪҵı𣬶ڳֻҶһˣֻҪɱǾͿΪΪˡ
ʱЩҵû£Ǳǣ̰һ𣬾ɱҶŽϸߵΣԣҲòˡ
֪Ҷ״Խʮɵľ룬һӰ׷׳Щߺ󷽣Ǻ޷չɱûܹ⡣
֮һҽк󣬱һƬš
صԭʱղЩдߣѵѪС
ЩոҪĺ˿һĻٿ˿еĵѪ˭һɤӣͻȻеﰡܵĲӰ
һܣ˶ˡˣˣܿ죬еĺ˱Ÿɸɾˡ
к˶ȥ󣬺ͷϵղǶлӳֻǲ֪ӡ
סлĻ˵Ӧ֪ҲΪʲôġҶ΢һЦĵȺ򷢼ˣȴԼĿˡͷĻعͷȴͷվɫҰܣȻҲѡ
һЦͷ㻹ӲʣѪĽߡʧھȻվأҪ뱾үмô
ͷЦϷԩ޳ʲôöģ˵ھһҲˡ
ҶЦ㵽֪֮ˣϻҲ˵ˣóɣȻٺ١˵ĿɨڳҴһЩ˾ͷƤըͷ
ͷȥǵѪεһߣЩͨļҶвϷʲô͡
Ҷɴ۾һ޹˵ʲôүûЩɱֵ˼ֻЩ˵УôûпŮѲ֪ڽӣˣĻǶŮϡ
Ҷǰʶ鿴ƶǵ϶ŮߣԲų֣ͷʳŮ֮
ɲԸ⣬ϰ죬ͷȴǰæһ
Ȼһ⻰ͷɫһ䣬ٵССͣȴǻĺܣǶȷʵŮϣܴӦϷһҲη
ҶһȺЦڵ⾳ûʸ̸ô
ȴͷһЦӵ̰֮ˣǾʹˣʵ㣬㲻ӦϷΰٰĥϷҲܴҿеõһǵϢ
Ҷޱȣһɫ΢΢һһתЦС϶ҿɲֻĥ˵Ķˣ˵ʲôȻ˵֮£ҪǸͷ֮£ǿѣô˵үҲֻǶǵ棬ǲ֪ôǶҪҲա
ͷȻ
Ҷɫ壬䲻ţҲԸһԡ
ͷɭĿϣһ˿ĪЦ⣬׵˺üδ䣬ͻȻ˻֣ЩվԺеȫ˳ȥ
Ūôأˣ˵˰ɡҶҲе֣ͷҪʲô¡
ͷһͻȻӻȡһ̵΢Цҵǳ򵥣ǵû˿ȴǼ֮֮£ǽͻȻ¡һӵֻڵңһӦ
Ҷһ㵣ȴľޱ飬û˵
ֻͷͻȻ̾һһһٵҪ£ҪŮһͻȻһ٣˫ĿȻһţգҲգҶ
Ҷ΢΢еɻʲôܲ˵㣿
ͷĿ΢ɨϾ¶һ˿ЦݣȻĿĶҲǾϷһҲԵˣȥ³ǣҵŮʱ֪һˡ
һЦٿȻֹ˻ҶȻһſȴ˵ֻͷĿ⻺ԼϣֵǼ޸㣬ôϷҲͷˡ
ҶкȻһ𣬴˰Σŵ˵ѵͷҪ֮𣿡
ȻȴҲ벻ͷҪԼģ֮£һԼ񲻽ͷˡ
ͷ΢΢һЦǴ¡ҿΪ飬ڵҹȴҲӦġ
Ҷ˶һܲٻʵû˵ôã˺óɵոϲǣԸҲǵᡢϲŭޡιͷôѣѰ
Ҷ˫󷢶ͷ˵ĻûУһ
ͷѴ֮ʣǻҶĻֻһ˶Զ϶һ񣬱ضһӸ㣬벻ɱ
һ٣ֽŵ㲻ҪΪ㣬࣬ϻ۹ˣҲͬʱӵпռϵߣԺǰ;ҲǲϷɢҲƣһ鵤ȥϵ±˷ߵݣӺǵһЩϢܽĲ룬ȥԻ鵤֮
һŽɫֽŵҶУͷһգ˫һ䣬ʹȥˡ
ҶľȻĽеֽƬһվͷ˵ǧ˼ת֪Ǻá
ǰһĻǶôϤϴڵʱ򣬶ֱܵûʲô
Ҷޱȡ


304 籩
ʱֻһ˹ܼģļڵ˽Цһ׿ڴӦҼүģɷһԼȳ׷ֻǸԳеĴɷ֪ߺߣȴģδ˼Ƽˣʵʧúܡ
ҶĿһʰֻ϶Ŀ֮УǼЦ֮⣬вѪӿСүȻǸӣҲһʧ˵Сˣ˶ڨЦҡ
һˣ֮䣬¼׿˵ȻԲᷴڣʱһүֻѰȥȢС㡣
˵⻰ʱҶɫݣʱ˵ȴǾϣС϶һ˵һȳһգҴȥˡ
Ҷû֮£ѯʮСˣץ׵ʹȴ˵ԺԼүҪصˡ
ֱһаźú˦䣬뿪
ȻµļǺţҵ
ٴʱȴǵһԵ
˵ǱԵ򣬵ҲǱ̲嫣һߣ˭Ҳ֪Ƭ򣬵жô
ȴ֪Ƭĺ֮У̺֮ż뱦أȻһԣκαأչġ
ԶֻҪʱ䣬ͿԷشȻ֪ҶƬϤ˵
Ȼܽڴ֮ϱУȴʮֵգһСģͻᱻں׵ĹϮΪһӦںϸ·ıɣ
Ҷ֪󺣵գֻа·̣Ҳǲ˿Ĵ⡣
ÿһﵽ֮ǿߣұһҶۣ۳ʮɣɣȴʽһƬҶȻȴǷǳǿΪǵұɼ׶ֲƶɵһںϸ·ʱ򣬿Եʹãǿеʱȴǿֱս
˵ԼҶۣЩԺЩ꣬ҲϽĲԼҶ֮УһҶ۵ĵȼѾ޽ӽ˷ˡ
Ҷȴһɻ˷֮ϵıеȼ
ڷ֮ϣ˷ط˵طˣ˷ڵұҲǷǳϡеĴڣǵұĺĵϵҲһ˶˷
˵˷طʱ򣬾ҲһβŸ̾ˣ˵Щˣ֮Լ棬ҺǵﲻԶӦһƬϣǵȥѰһЩݺϣɼһЩ˿һַҪ֮һ
ǶƬǳϤ԰գȳǰȥ
ȻϰԪ飬ռһЩֵǮıɽգ˿ΪһַϣӦüֵƣҪȻۣҲȥɼˡ
Ҷûгɣͷɱ˹ȥ
Ȼֻӵʱ˾һƬĺ
ֻƬ֮УŸָĺε
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صĴ˵ȳ̶ȵΣգԶԶʲô
ʱ򣬾ĹǿߣҲΪСģһֻĶ
ȻƬ򣬻ֻǳҪǿĶȴǷǳټ˵ûеġ
Ƭ֮һ֣ȺˮֱӻΪֱ֣̽캣ףȺУѰһᣬͻȻһֻ̣ĸָСѪɫӣͱ
ЩѪɫĳӣͨžӨ͸ĹһɹŨǵɢ˳
ֻҪ˰ϵĺϣ³Ĳ˿㹻ͣ԰³Ĳ˿ӹһ£ÿһ˿ٿԵϽʮöԪ顣
ƬѰһһ׽ֻϣһǧöԪ飬ˡ
ȻЩϣҲϡ֮
ڲ׽ֻ֮ȴҲѰҲ㹻ݵĺˡ
ٴһֻſ϶ﹻݵĺϣǳײ֣֮Щ˵طֻһ֪ÿҶջһʡջ񲻴Ҳֻܲϣȴٶֻϡ
ȻѾˣǻǸϽشɡҶҲ׽˰ֻϣȴûн֮뷨żЩϡ
˵ϴԽã³ĺ˿Խ
ԽǴľõĺϣÿһʳԽࡣ
һ£ںĺϣΪȱ
ҶԼаԪ飬ȡһЩԪϡ
ҶҪһʵıУҲóһķ
Ͼƾڵʵһķ˵ûʲôˡ
ԣҶ뿴ǲǿԪ飬һǱѰĺϣЩϣһͬһĺ˿С
߰ɣĺϣҪٵһ꣬ǰˡ̵ĺϣһװ֮󣬾ͻΪһӰŻĵķȥ
ҶƬ򣬿˵İĺܡ
ûкͼֻܸǰ
ȻҲʲôҸ滨Ļˡ
˰ͷ֮󣬺֮ϣͻȻ˾޴ĺˣҲ
һЩںϷĺҲع񳲡
Ҫ𺣷籩ˣǻҶ۸·ɡͻȻ˻ϣȡһƬƴСҶ״֮һס
ֻһĿϼһƴСҶ״֮䵽ʱ򣬾Ȼһҳʮɣɵľۡ
ھ֮ϣһСС¥Ŀռ䣬ڿʮ
ҶһҶ۵һ˲䣬۾һԼԺҲҪŪһ¥С
䵽֮ϣʱеȷʵǳȡ
Ȼ֮ϣ˴ں籩ھ֮ϵǣȴһҡεĸоûС
Щˣûл򵽾֮ϣͱһ㵭Ĺâ
һĻҲҶ̾Ҿ۵ľ֮
˵ҾۣԪΪ߶ġ
۱һ赲˵ĹâҲͨԪάš
ԣںϴ󣬿Ʒǳܡ
ÿʱỵ̈ȴҪĲٵԪ顣
һֱϵĵٵİöԪ顣
һ棬˵ķǳϸĿģȻҶһԪ顣
ҶҲǳ˦ǧöԪ
Ҷ־ٶ״ЩСôԪ飬ҪسŵҴﵽ֮ʱ򣬾ͻɣô֮Сӻ죬ƺҲǷǳأ
ԿԺξթȡҶԪʱ
ȴ䡱һ졣
һߴʮɵĺˣݺҶϡ


305 ҵĻԵ
ҶϷ׹⣬ȴǰһ޴ĺˣֵ
ɾ͸ղһ£ҶϰٵԪ顣
ϾҪҶۿԽǿĵԪȻҲԽࡣ
ף֮УŨ֮һľɣվھ۵ǰ棬̧ͷԶȥȻԶ龰ȴֱʧôһӦòǴ˵еĺɣǾȻһڻεĺ
һľݣźˮ֮Ʈ¶һš
ǻεĺҶ⻰Ҳһ֮ɫ
κԵ䣡
굮飬ǧ껯ΣϹ֣дܳԵ䣬٣Խǧ۵ľԴȫգӶ֮
ףѡ
ûǧĻۣΡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣǰĺҲ쳣䱦
κʳϵĺƾʮʮԪ
ϣӳԪĶǾϡ䡣
Ҫ֪ϣϹ£ˣߵľͷ
ʱӼʮԪ˵ջ
ԣżкɻûеȵΣͱɱԪȥˡ
ںǧ꾫һЩϹûʲô
ΪֻµϹһǾ춯ص
ںӵĹȫû
ߣεĺǧҲԵܰɱˣͺǧ꾫ʮĹֱӿ֮
˵Ҷۣǰɱ˹ȥ
ҶŨĵطֻһøߴʮɵİɫ֦ںнĺˡ
Ǿм䣬Լһ˵ף쳤Х
ϵÿһƬҶƬƬſƴ޾һɽ˵ŷƮ˹ҷˣ޷԰ΣϢױȵջ־ᶨҶΪ֮
Ҷ̴߶ǹ⣬źɱȥ
һ;޴ĺ֮϶֮д
ȻܴǧĴڣһһγɹֻһǿߣĶ֡
ҶĽ˵Ҳ֪˺֮
Ǽεĺô
벻Ե򣬾ֻԵ
γɹһ˲䣬Ϊʱ
һγɹĺһ𣬾ûа취
ҶʦεĺֻǸͲˡ
ģСӸԵ񣬻ǱŴȻԵҲ˻εĺҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻֹȴǿЦޱȣ˵һҶԵˡ
Ϊ֪նɱúҲûķݡ
Ȼúǳ۲˭ڵѱҶƿˡ
ҶҪ˹ȥʱȴüͷһ壬ͻȻڵǱǿúĸ˴ˣֻˡ
ֵĻҶҲ񳯺ڷȥȻӦǳ޵ϢǱںף
ҪҶֵĺãȻǲܵ顣
һοĴ
ʱĺں籩롣
ҶýˣԺԽˡ
þȫа򳡴Сȫ¶һſףԵø
֮ſѪڣ¶ݣһʯֻ󶼿˲ҧķ顣
ʳ֮
Ҷȴ֪⺣ݣ֮ϵĲ˿ȴ˲֪ٱ
ʦõܿЩݣһ˷
ӴĴһγɹʵֲʲô̶ȣ
ڵҶȥ
Ҷûп͸оԷɢǿ̫ˡ
˴ΣͬУҶԼһɱжԶܶԶ
ʱں籩뻯εĺƺҲоΣգҶ˵ĽӽԽԽһߴʮɵľˣҶĴȥƺǶҶ档
ĺˣҲͶһ񣬲в
Ҷߣȴûκο֮Ч
ߣһˡ
ʱúڻΪؼʱ򣬸Чķ
ٵȵȣڻεʱ򣬺Ὣǧյ¾תΪֻܱ߳գһǧ꾫ȫתϣǾȫ֣ҳذǱ̫ˣȥɱûʲôֿ֮ĺ
ͻȻгҶһʶˣȴȻźһǱȥ
һߵǱ
аնԸûУҶȻõûնԸǱˣҪΪԼСһˡ
ģ֮Уֻһڴﵽ֮һˣȴһ벽ʦ֮СѾͷȻûлָҲûʲôв㾡ȥȡ˻дãһʳӰԪֱӳΪһǿߣƿҵԪֻʵԽǿҲԽġҪȻһ죬ʵãնɱˣҿɾҲĿģ㶯ְɣһס֮ˡ
ֱ֮ͨ͵Ҷģһˣǽ̸ݡ
ãȻ˵ҲˣҿԴӦ˴ƾ躣֮ʮԪ顣ʮԪ飬Ȼһʾ޴ĲƸ֮Ƚȴǲʲô
ãòܵõʮԪ飬Ҳһʾ޴ջˣҲǰϲû뵽Ҷ˴󷽣ʮԪ顣
תģҶʱ̬
һԪ飬Ҷ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ҶӻŴִţȫ֪Ԫ֮
Ҫ֪ʮԪ飬㹻ȼϸߵķˡ
һȣŰǱȥҶȫԸǿú
ʱ˿̣ǿúɢϢŨˡ
һɹ˵ϴӺɢ
þе֦Ѿ
һ죬ڲʲôҪƿǶһ㣡
ͬʱҲѾ˵Ǳߡ
ҵĻԵ˭ҲܶߣҶʱҲȫɣֳһץˮϵӿһֻ޴ƣֱӳεĺץȥ
СĻԵڴʱԶĺףһӰͻȻˮҶ֮ǰźץȥ
ͬʱһӰǺȻ


306 
ԭҲͷǾͿ˭Цɣһߣֱӭȥ
һ㣬ںϼ
˸֮䣬ǶʮϰС
˵Ľٶ̫죬ڣҶûֵˣʲôò
ҶảˣҶȴǿˡ
һŮˣһһŮ
Ҷû뵽ǣŮʶ
Ů˭ϴǸҶŷŮ
ģ㣬벻㾹Ȼұϻһ𣬿ǵұˣϴСŷҲͰˣξȻСĺʵ̫ɶˡúС˴죬ǵ֮գһնɱȻС㿴еĶܵ˺УܲҷһһҪǵұȮʵڸѽ
ԺšһŮһƽҶ۵Ĵɢ֮󣬻óһֻ֣һӰѺƺҪź·
ѾͷϴЩ幥򵶼ұҲһ˰֪ϴЩɱǵұˣСүͺúøһˣ
ҶŮȻԼ˵ұˣһȻһнƾͼơ
Ůʹôĺ壬һԶԶҶܿġ
ҶȻ֮⣬ֻܽڻٴ׸ұˡ
뵶ұҲǲĹϵ
ֻҪдұĻᣬ򲻻Źġ
ʱŮܹ׵Ե˿
Ҷ𺳵ͬʱҲ֪ŮϣӦûر
ҪȻԲڰ벽ʦֶ֮Ρ
ҲŮŪߡ
סһʤδ֪֮Լսپҹζࡣ
뵽ҶһȣŮעȫеϵʱҶͻȻһƺ֣ǸŮԺȥ
ȴһ졣
ҶĹﵽǸŮԺ֮ʱǸŮȻһӣһ类ΪһߣͺݺݳҶɱ˹
֮ɢϢֲޱȡ
ܣѾԶԶҶʶκη
ҶȻû˷Ҳ֪ʱ籣˷ɡ
ɶˣ㳢С˷Цɫ¶ſЦԼʦͿѹƱС벽ʦҾ֪˷Ŀֲ֮
˵֮䣬籣ԶγһʮߣȻֻͷÿһͷ񶮵һ
ͷȻˮľֲͬ
һĻҶ֪Լˡ
ΪԼһʦҪѹһŰ벽ʦ֮СѾͷһ׾ٵ顣
ףЩ뵱Ȼˡ
뵽ԥһӿͬʱֱӭŮĳ籡
ν֣ҶƣȻһ±ײ÷飬Ůͬĳ籣ȴֱ׷ʮףһͣ
ͬʱŮƵҲ䵽˺֮ϡ
ŮûˣһŵҶ㵽˭ͬʱӵһ˾ͨףƾڵʵǶһ벽Ҳû·硭
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ʱһĺˣͻȻƮŮߡ
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Ůͬһ㣬Ҫɱֻ»£Ҳ֪˭ҵ鷳Ҳֻȥұ£˵ȴǷǳġ
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Ҷû˵Լӵпռָ飬ֻǵȻں׵һҶ֮СҶ˵ѻˣǵұϣӦ֪ǧɣ˵˵˵һ
ҶͻȻ˵ǧҲûʺ飬ǿڵǳ֮࣬ǧ֮УȻྪ춯صǧȴЩ֮УΪ֮һΪŲߣֹļƣеˣĪǵұӪڶļ̳ߡ
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ߣһţҶȻҲ֪εĶ̫Ҫ⸽ɲôơ
ٴȡҶۣȫ߶Զʻȥ
ʻҵһСĺͣ
СԲ˵С˵һ¶ˮİ
İ㣬ȴ㹻ˡ
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˵ĺѾûа㷴֮ûûʧһ㡣


307 
Ӧ֪ɣӺϳ֮׵֮ϣҶ
ҶͻȻӺ˳Ȼһ˿֮ɫȴҲûѯʣֻǵͷʱҪһ԰ȫĻ԰ȫĻһûҾͿʩչĸƵպ
ʲô򣿡Ҷüͷ˵㡣
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˵ʱҲ
Ȼû⣬ǾˣȻеðգϣʮȫʮ顣ҶĻУպЩΣա
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Ҷ֮ٶպʱ򣬿ֳܻСĶΪ˱鷳һȥգڰ֮ϰһš
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ҶЩģΪһԼ֮Уϵһܣ֮б¶
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ͨЩӵо̽ҶڵԼʶⱾ飬ȷʵǷ
Դ˴νʶҶĿģҪһ󷨣γһ򣬺պ
ԹƢҶΪԼҪһ࣬ɴеĿġ
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308 ֮
һҧУҪȣ֪ʱҶͻȻ˫ֱۣӴӺףˮ֮еִ죬Ҳʧʧ
һ̣Ҷȫµľǰδеĳ档
һӣһǿҵʹáĺˮһӿ
ۻǿϢСӴ˿̣һΪѾﵽ֮ϵֻһʣûۻ룬˵СӾԺͻƣԪѾһʣ
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ҲݣˣҺӵӲҪȻԼӦѾˡҶع֮󣬸оȵվ֪Լͦˡ
ղһ̣Ѿ׵Ľҵľ磬ΨһͷǽԼĵ
еʶͷ֮ϡ
ΪԼˣȴûϵһͷȻɹס˺

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ƴֵΪ˲·ʱ䣬һӣʱԪ飬Ҷ۵Уٶȴߵȫǰš
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Ȼ;УҲһЩͽ׺޵ϮҶΪһЩͽ׺ǣȫˡ
ڸϻҶϼ;УҶȥ˴ׯҪʤ˴һš
Լֱӷص۹Ҷϼ塣
ҶķҶϼ֮ʣϷȴҶϼĸִ£ٻҶϼһµԱȫϻҶϼ塣
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ҶϼһЩˣϲ˵棬ֻҲЩ뷨
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˲ҽҽ֧֣ټϼѾ£ĳϣƽԴ˴αУżȵġ
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һļƻóɹƽ󣬾Ҷϼƿߡ
뵽ԼҶϼ壬Ҷк绽꣬ƽУһ뼤


309 ֮λ
Ҷ񻳵ȻϵϢȫǰϷһ
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뵽Ϸ˱Ҷ˵ϣ̫ϳңӣҲͲҽֱΪϵģȻ̫ϳϣҲ̫̫ϳϴ˴αչأܿͻʦ֮֮ǷҶǵĵһǿߣȻҶϼڻһ֮Ȩ
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ɼȻ˼ΪܲԵ޹ʾ֮нһϸаɡ
ƽ˿̣ȴŭӣҶĻȴǿнŭѹһλ¹ҶϼĽҶϼıʾ֮ˣʤΣѵƾݣȷʵʸΪһֱ⣬Ҷϼ֮£˽⣬£λҶϼ壬ȴѵѡ񡣡
˵ƽҶɫƽûз˼һЦٴνŵҾϷ֪ڻر;Уܵڷ籤뵶ұɱϷ²ⲻǳ׵˴Ҷϼ屻ΧˣһμϷ򲻻ͬ


310 п
ò˵ƽ⼸ͷټвҽ֧֣ƷҶϼͳĿܡ
ԣⷬһ֮е볤ϣǰ˿
Ȼʹ£Щ£Щ뷨
һϻ£ΪҶʺϵμ֮λϷһټҲ൱鷳
ڴʱҶϣͻȻ¶һЦϵɣǺó֣ÿһɣΪҶϼδ룬ҲΪˡ
Ҷºͣƽôˣǲ⡣
£ҶŭȣӦı֣˿ôһ΢Ц
˵ҶϼĻôƽ֮ǰ磬ȫһ
ƽҲе׼Ҷ˼ֻȻһЦ֪ϷãϷһУ˵ڱƹȴһһУȴΪҶϼδ롣
Ҷ˵ͷ΢Цţ⻰˵Ȼм͵ζ
ҶĻû˵꣬ͼƽɫһһƽҶϼĴϣǲ֮˵˲㡣ȻѾͬϷ֮ԣǴ˴飬ҲûҪˣˣȥϢɡ
ƽһ䣬Ĵ⣬ͽˣȻǰ벽ʦ
ǽϢûн֮ǰ򲻿ٱƽ˻֣ͼֱӳҶ˹
ҶˮϹȻ֮ѺԼĴ磬ȻǺվϣҴ磬ҶϼԺҴģƾʲôʡ
ƽҶˮʩһֵС㣬ղԼˣĴڣҶϼû˿ĺôȻˣܵμ֮λ
үʲôʱԼĴڣҶϼûаôأҶϵЦݣͻȻƽ֮ǰΪһΪҶϼ룬Ȩı˽
Ҷһһۡ
ǲǷϻ
ڳˣڹ֪ƽȨı˽Ȼƹ
ǲȨı˽ûȨˣˣٱȥʱˣѾ˽Լǰ
ƽĵҲ
֮ǰһֱҶǵҶͻȻѣû֮ǰͻɱԼ
񿴵ѾԼߣѾһһжƿ֮еĸо
ڣҶѣҲǲˡ
ţɲҽңԵ̵ʿһԱ֤Լȫ
ƽ˵꣬˼˳Ҷ˹ȥ
ҶЦ㲻֣㲻֡
ʿȻŰ벽ʦʵ
ҶһνҶϼ֮ǰˣе㼬֡
ڣʿҶǰ졣
ҶһţҶˣʱ͸оԼָԶһˡ
кȻûоҶһӣѪܵͷ֮С
㣬㡭ƽһͣǲҽΪ̵ģȻ֪ʿ
˵֣ڳ֮УѴﵽ벽֮Ϸûһܵס
ڣҶǰһжûжͱͷ
ƽɵˣڳ£Ҳסˡ
ϷҲâһҶҲǳɻ
ʿٵﵽ˾ʿ۷֮ȻСһҲλʿսƾʵҪɱͬǿߣȻЩܣĪǴ˴γȥСһõʲôǿıﲻɣ
ҶɱͬǿߣҲɣܽ͵ͨ
Ҷȴû˵񣬻ûƽӦѾƽǰֱ˦һƣƽȷ˳ȥ
һ־壬ѪƽҶһ˿һϵѪȻ֮ǰΪһͣû뵽ת֮䣬·ϡ㣬ҵ֣ģҲɱ㣬ȥңӣΪһūͣӦõһū͵ľ򡣡԰գҶתϷ˵ʵܲһţˡ
֣֣˵ûΪūͣ͵ū͵ľ򡣡ϷȻɫƽ˭ܿǣһ˿޵Ц⣬ȻҶֶΣǳ⡣
ĿҶһۣŵȻѾѡҪеķʽļ֮λǾͷȥ̫ϳңģҶϼκֶΡ
˵ϷŴ֮лûлعڳ£ȻҶϼͽΪмλʽλ飬ȥ׼˰ɡ
԰գϷ˵Ŀ⣬ٴҶɨһ£һŮͬ£ȥ
һЩ£˵Щʲôȴߵͬ飬гסˡ
Ϸһϵ벻ҽĵһ档
ڲҽûг֮ǰЩ£Ǵѡ˳Ĭ
˶֪»ûꡣ
һУңӳ֮󣬲жۡ
ҶȴΪϷصһЦеЩɻ
ղϷ˵ҶϼκⲻҽֶΣһĴȥʹȨ
⻰ǸҶҶϼ֮У˲ҽһǿߡ
ǿߣ
ҶͻȻһ
ˣϴ֮Ǹߡ
ǸߣԳҶϼ档
ϴҶԷѹƵûа㷴֮ǸصߣȻһĴڡ
лᣬټʶһҶϼصǸ
˼ҾȻѡڰУȻ⣬뵽ҶҲת뿪
һƽıƹȴ˭Ҳû뵽УĻ
ȵҶ飬ӻٱۡʱ峽ʱ֡
Ÿոսûüϴһһۡű˿
Ҷ΢üͷδվһŵΧҴ˽ɫ԰׵٣С˴
Ҷɻ˴ϵ·ϵãҶ˷ţȣ˴ǰ
ֻǰվŶɫߵĺˣһһͷĿ䣬ĸȻѾ˼ȴһ˿ǰ
ұǸɫߵĺˣֳһ˳ǹв֪ؽһߣִϣѹֽ⸮ۡŵ
һͲǺĽɫ
ͬһ㣬ŴĴŶ֮ǰڴűߵȻˡ
Ĵ棬һܷĻӣ˸ͬɫߵĺ˺ǹվһԣ䵱ŽηĽɫ
ڽӵߣվŽɫߵİˡ
һˣһѣһˣȴһ̶
ҶҲЩ˵ֱ߽˴
ſڵĺҲûҶֻǵȥ֮ȴֻǸ̶İٲɱǲ


311 ж
һҲЦʲôôļƣǶˣȻӭӣ̫ˡ
Ҷüͷ˵ʲôҪҶϼ
һɨҶһ۵ȻβѽҶϼ岻ҽ۹βܸʲô
Ҷ鵭Ȼ˭Ҫǵģ
̶ֳİЩ͵˭ˣ
Ҷ±ӣ΢һʼҾҶϼ
ԣһ´ҶһۣſڵǾͺã죬ӿ
Ҷ˵˭˵һῴ
ԣʱŭƨΪҶϼܲҽҶϼļҽʥ˶ƲӵĲһҽʥΪҶϼҽȻҪЩǿˣ
ҶаЩ˵ʲô֪ҵסҶϼĴҽʥһҽѽôȥҲҽôƫƫܵˣĪңǸϻеĹЩ˵Ŵ֪ǳˣҪȻҲҶϼֱײˣңǸϼһｫԼûģԼɷЩͻ
Цλ֪Ҷϼ廹һλҽ
ҲǲͨҶ̬תãҲЦҽңӵţȻϧʱڱչأǾֻλӵĲΪҶϼһҽȻ벻Ҫƴǡ
ڻûн֮ǰҶȷʵᱻסҽʱʮɹĹˣԭһҩʦ˿ϣ㲻ʤҽҲ֮ѷɫˡ
ҽңӽЩѿ֮£˭Ʋ׼ˡ
ҶЦĵ˵ͷãҾΣһΣܣȥһ²ҽ
ԣʱϲͷȻ룡
ҶߵǶĽǰƿһƣŵģȻǷ۵Сһ˫ˮĴ۾͸Ŵɫ
ϵļɫȴЩ죬ʱʺѪʱְѩϵɫб仯š
СľȴǺܺãбڽеϣŨŨüëһԴ۾ںڵ飬ͦתתȥҲҶ治ѡ
һСһͲɰ֮⣬Ҷ΢ЦСһôơ
СԣȴҲССͷ˳֮ϣûʲô쳣ֻ̦ŵɫߵ㡣
ҶҡͷЦСһסĵطǲǿŴ󺣣СһҲºȥɣǱһַǳټˮĸҧˣˮĸ֮ҺûüΡ
ʱ֮һˣҶҲû⣬ȴһ˺м˵˵Ĵҽʥ֪ʲô㾹Ȼ֪ƭС𣿡
Ҷ̧ͷһۣȴ΢΢һû뵽һ֮ǰڴ֮һƳɵƽ
һҶϼĴҽʥ֮һšСҽ֮ơ
ΪҽҽŵӣһҽǲҽԱ˾һСҽ񡱵ĳƺš
񿴵ˣҶʱ϶ʮа˾ңǸϼһڰеˡ
˵Ĵ֮һ۾۹Ϸһ
۹еۼǿߣǵľսԼҡ
۹Ϸһ˵һΪĹȡ
һֱļԱѵս׼׼¹£ۺš
ȻҶϼǵġ
һǵԼг⣬ֻҶϼ˶Ѳ˸ϵ
ҽңӰʾĵƽԼһ뿴Լ󣬶Ҳ˼ʶһҶϼܡ
֪ҶȻ죬ҪΪҽΡ
һһֱڰеƽȴǱҶȾٶһ̲ס˳
Ҷҽ·⣬ҶȻӣߣҲֻѲ˸ϵ
Դ˿ĸҶҽ
ҶȻҲ֪˵˼Цԭҽʥģֲ֪ס
ƽȴûҶʦڣЩ飬Ȼֻˡ
ҶŶһʥҽղΪҪֹ
ƽߵʦѾˣ⿴һ£ȻҲͲˣ
ҶЦЦҽңӲһֱڱչôͻȻˣ
ƽмʦֲǱأȻؾͳأչؾͱչأòЩ飬İɣ
Ҷҡҡͷǿϧ˲ҽһ˲ţһأɾҪ뿪ҶϼˣûвҽҶϼ壬ҶϼֻҪ½١
ƽٺٹЦʦʱ˵Ҫ뿪ҶϼЩҶϼʦţ𣿡˵תӣԽеСӵⲡֻʦҽΣλտ˵׻ǲʵѽ
˵꣬ˣŵƻ֮ߣߣλǰ˺ΪػߣǲӦеʾѽ
ƽҪΪʦһҶ֪һ;ϣԼܲҶĶ֣ŹߵԸҶ
ߣǹߣĸ֡
һɳػһСֻһ㣬ͿԿĵ
֪ǸеСչһ֮֫ɨƽһۣЩʦĻΪʲôңѵҪȥɣ
ƽ΢΢һûüػǸСҶЦҲŲҪǸƨʦˣ磬鷳ҿˡ
ƽɫһ䣬æɲУŸոջҶϼ壬ʲôҽ˵˵
СȴЦģ˵˵ǵʲô
ƽһ㶣ЩԥĲȷʵ棬ĳҽҲû֢Բʦĳ֪Ĳ֢ʦһ֪
Сȴǲͷͷʦˣ˵粻ҽ㲻֪ȴ˵ˣҾںʱͻȻʲôһ£ŵòģ㲻֪͹һȥٸҳҰͷ
ƽСһѵ⣬ƨҲҷһԹ˵һԣٺò֨ˡ
ҶԺЦɰСһֻҲһСħҪȻƽҲڱų
СҶһЦ˵磬ҼȻ۹ϲȴǴСں߳ģϴȥ棬Ҳ֪ʲôҧˣһžת󻹵Žѹסȴܸ˵еˮĸ֮а취κ𣿡


312 Ȱ
ҶҧһֽˮĸˮĸﶾԺǿһҧˣ֮أҪǷ˴󻹵ֻѾˡ
˶ʱʧɫô죡
ҶͷˣЦüʱղҿڵĶѱ󻹵ҩѹסˣʱڣӦ޷ֻҪһöⶾҩ裬¾ûˡ
߶ʱȵǻ˵ʲôϻƽҩѽ
Сüͷ壬βܲܲҪô˵
߶ʱɫһ䣬Ц˵ǣԺСˣ
ߵһۣǳҽɲܵģǻƢһЩ˵꣬ȴתҶЦһƢ꣬Ļϡ
ҶһЦû£ѧҽּǼˣȰ̧ڸȥϢһҪȥռһЩҩģƽҩ
ԣԸ̧ӣҶҪȥ᷿
ƽȴͻȻǰл㡣
Ҷת˶Էһۣüʲô
ƽͻȻӵҽĪĹѾָˣ
ԭƽҲ֪ҶڵĹǻָѹһҽƵˣֻԼʦ˵£ȴ֪к֮
ʱҶҽݣ˵ͷͷǵɻ
ҶȴЦôڵĹָ񣬻Ҫʾ𣿡
ƽȴɻ˵ڵĹǻûлָˣ
ҶȴҡͷʹˣڵĹָˣһо
ƽɫͻ䣬һʱԼݣƨӴû˵ܾģʦҲ˵һΣͲκα仯
Ҷɨ˶Էһֻۣаâһһˮĳӣʱ֮УҶŶԷȻӦ˰ɣ
ƽĿŴһˮ֮棬ʱðǿҵĳȣһȵƣ磬Ҷȥ
ҶЦһһͶ˶ԷϮ
ƽһУתӣҪٶҶȥһƮ̲Ÿոմƽ壬ȴƽȫһȻֱӵ˵ϡ
Ҷ΢΢һͷһƣȴ̶ֻһŰ֮󣬲мЦǰǲ֪ҪǿϣѾǸˡӣ⣬ӣų̶һһƮƽ
ƽУӶڵ淭ͬʱҺˣˣɻ̡̣ǰҪĥˡ
Щ̲ûпȥǰ򵥣ҪȻҲὫƽĥӡ
Ȼ˫ֲͣ˼̶̣Ȼܲס𣿾ӣûô׾ճ
ֻһ̣Ӳϵ絽ƽϣÿһ̶ƽ쳣ĲҽС
絽ڰ˵̵ʱƽڵĵͷѪʹѵϣ¹
һںˣԹۣΪֳѾ˾ռˡ
ҶȻƽҲûкøУϾҶϼ壬Ǵ򹷣ҲҪˣ˿һǰס֣
һʱƽҽĶУĳһ㣬ʱҶĺֹ
ÿһ̣ƽʹҽеӣòѡ
ҶۼˣֻҪҡҡͷһ̤һӣһ׾ٴӹߵж̶
ȻһףΪһߣֱ׹С֮ĺˮ֮УûӰ١
е̶ĪıҶߣ㶣ع󣬲ŴеСӣǰѵôԸң
˿ȴǸСһЦ壬ʲôطѵҶϼūţΪ˼ˣҶЦ磬ղֿտյĶַôѧģܲܽ̽ѽ
ҶȴüͷƽǵĶ̣Ƚҩóɣ
ŭøſСӣҵ̶ΪβķϣҲ㣬㻰ȴҲĪΪϷ޷㣿
ҶЦǰģ;ԣ
һߣеøСӣ浱ϷֻһôϷúһСӵĸУ
Ҷ࣬üͷǰҪҶ֣
ʱǸСȴͻȻꡱһЦ磬ôĿô˵ҲֻһλʿôǹĶأ
ҶȴûаЦ˼Ҷĳѣһ֣ؼѪ⣡
СȴǳҶ·Ц磬ôףҪסĲˣҽʦײ˵ĵ˵һСƿɻ̵Ľҩ壬ιǸɶļһ°ɡ
ӦǰӹСƿ֮ȡһöɫҩ裬ƽĿС
ƽ½ҩ쳣ȴҲҿһۡ
ֻɨһۣ㻹ѵ볢ɻ̡
ƽǻҷϻԣֻ޵ȣһǰδеٶȹ˳ȥ
ҶƽȥķаңѾʼԼȡжˣԼҲҪһЩ׼ԼȻѾΪһңҶϼҲǲС
ʱѾ̧ŽߵҶԣҶع߽ڸ
ڸӭɻղ淢ʲô°
ҶЦûʲô£ֻһˡ
ԣȴ΢΢һ⸮ۡûҽʦѽ
Ҷѵô
Ƹԭ𣿡
ҶЦˡ
ʱǸС߳ӣԺΨһŮģæǰסС
С̧ͷһۣƤһЦ㣬
ʱΣⲻĿҶһۣвɰ⻰˵ľͺˣ
Сס񣬲Сǰ˻ΣЦ㣬ôˣǲ뵽Լˣ
æûУûе£Сӱ˵
С¶֮ɫȴЦϽСӣСӵģҲϲңգ˽ʿܣֽнܶͽСܺˡ
ҶĵͦĵģҲһЦСƨϢȥҩƽҩ
ʿҶԽԼСƨС¶һ㲻ã⣺ֽСƨһҪ֪Сƨ
ȻΪСԣǶе뷨
Ǭ粽ʿܡ
ʿķ߽˷ڣ⼸ˣĲڷţһ㡣
۹ĸԸĳ䵱ˣֻҲΨĴֱˡ


313 ͷ
ҪʱҶýҩ
ýҩ֮ڣõ˷ڣʿܷ¡
ŴڴҶ˵Сһ㰲ڴϢһϵĶؾͻʧ
ԱߵĹ߻ЩǵһöҩκҼӵĲ
ҶһЦİɣ˵оһС԰գҶ˳˷䡣
һҹ޻峿
߹ЦԺ𣺡ҶϼȻ鴫ǺүҪ֪һҪлһġ
ҶЦٶ֮ͣ˵ϳл֡
ЦСӣֻҪܴˣ⡮֮͡δ̫ǫˡ
ȴϹл
ߴӻһ鱡ĽҶӣҶеƾ˽ҶϼһСӰһ飬¡
ȻһƬҶӣҶУĳŵˣʵҶĶѡ
ȻҶȴֱӻؾ˵ֻǾ֮ͣλĲˡ
ЩõĪСӿϼһı£
Ҷ֮ǣȴǱһˣʿСһһѶƬҶӣЦ粻ҪˣҶͦģҪˡ
ЩεӣǸСӵĳͣˣ
ʿܺݺݵһۣеĽҶӣЩУҵֵһƬƽҶȥлҪʹ˵
Сħ˱룬ҲҶײֻúεĴߵĺ˹и˳ȥ
ãʿܲŴڸ߳Ц⣬Ҳ֪Ҷ˵ЩʲôȻ˸ˡ
æǰʵӣγл˼ҵģ
ʿЦл壬ΪʲôҪлҸղѾˣǾһˣȻһˣֺαллȥģпˣһҪ档
߶һаǵӰ⻹ǳл𣿾ƾ⼸仰ҲܶҶϼӶˣ
뵽϶а̾Ϣһſڵӣ˴Ǵȥ棬뿪һˣүһǹңͻȥɣ
ٲȥֻ¸ҪƢˡʿС죬Щεĵ˵ͷȴҶһЦ磬лдǣҪȥ۹ϲһúдġ
ҶЦпˣһȥ۹ϲ档
ʿܶʱЩ˷ܵǾ˵ˣһҪȥ۹ϲŶ
Ҷͷһ۹֮Уһϵڹ˽˵ĺô
ʿСϲ֮ɫǺãҽͲлˣʲôȥ˵۹ϲٺúл㡣˵粽ܵ˽档
ߴһӣǰ˸ɫߵĺˣʱ̧˽ӣɰ㳯ȥ
תҶһֵлСյУȥ˵۹ϲһ֮ꡣ԰գһתȥ
ҶΪҶϼȻҲþһ˵ڣԽһ͵˳Ǳĳſڡ
ǶԶԶʧ֮кҶһǱľ
ֻǱ򿪵һų֮ǰӿϡ
磬Щģſڷ٣ʹҵ
ʳСҲзʻ
ҶһЩǵ
Ҷϼ治ǷҶǵĺĵشݷҶ鲻Խ˶ʮһ͵Ĳн֡
ǸʱĲн֣Ҳֵľ
ǧˣѽȵȵã
ڲѵһƷ
λ洺⣬Һúһԣţճţлͣʮö˱ҡ
ޱȵĽУͻأĴһȣҲڣȥ
Ҷһ֮ЩϤѭȥֻһɷĸ׳ƿڴǱǱҶǰݺùһʵĺڴǡ
ֻһڵ̬ǲţһ˵ϣæ϶ЬӡȻǱЬ׺ݺݳһﻹųѪ
ģҵĿˣ
ڴǱһﾹȻӲҶ΢Щ棬˹ȥ
ҶȺ֮ȻȻɢһǰȺƿ
ӵſڣȴûҶһ谭
ʱһЩĺͳЦ֮ǰߵȺдҶĶС
٣ûڴҲн죬ǰû֪ⱨӦˡ
꣬С㣬ڴǰҲЩеһԱڴǲ֪ʲô飬ȻЩ˻˽ߣԲһٶ򡣡
ߣǰǷҶǳİɣȻ˰˾˵ģڴǰŲ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ԭֹҧİϷģڿȫ˼ҰԼҵ顣
ҡҡͷƿȺֱ뱤һɱ֣ɲʲô·ƽͰε͡
ϣˣ˵ֹʲô¡
ڽŵһ˲䣬ҶͻȻһֻתӣźڴǵ·һۣΪ֮ǰԶʱ򣬾ڴȻ˶򣬵·ƺһˡ
Ҷźڴ˵һ˲䣬ȴֱӴڳ
۹͸ȺǸںڴ²ϵӰҶУʱâһΪǸϵӰȻйһ֮Ե
˿̵һ·ѾŪòޱȣЩطѪ
Χ׳ʵĴ󺺣ײޱȵĳľܣֱš
Ű򣬺ڴȴĻϵϣȴûзһĵϵȫ¶ס
ҲΪڴϵ˴ľܣϵл
Χ۵ȺԺڴǰȻЩֻȻҲŹȻ¶̣ǲûг
ǿǰĿУ֮⣬ǿ־壬ĸǰЩͽ
Ҷһʧԭء
ʱֻһǰĳԱѪݺݵĻеܣܴ΢ƿ֮һһͨ˵ϣҪ˶Ϲǡ
ɾʱǸǰԱѪЦ֮ȴͻȻȻֹ
һֻͻȻֵץסеǸܣƾԷþҲԽֺܳ
ģ˭Ĳͷˣҹǰ£Ǹǰİ˳ֻ֣ȥ
ȴֻһŰµˣԼ˵Ŀ⣬Ǹǰİڣֻȫһ䣬ƺϵĺë
ʲô£ΪҪһ´˶֣쳣ӳҵеƮᣬȴΧǰİڴĵķһ˿⡣
һǰİǿѹеһų˭֪ǰԣʲô³ô


314 
Ҷ۾ɨ˶Էһۣüͷһ治֪ҶиǰԳһûиǰʧҵǰ
ΧǰİԣɫһкâһмֱЦСӣΪֹӻû˭ôǰ
ҶҲûЩˣֱϵڴǷ
ʱϵѴڻ֮УڴڸܵҶĶ֮˷ӳ̧ͷ˷Լһۡ
ɵԼ˾ȻҶ֮ʱʱֻеԴС䡱һ죬㶵ĿҶһʱ֮䣬Ȼ
֮ҪҶȻоԶһϮ
ҶʱҡҡͷЩһﻹأͷҲأֻһָ
ֻ꣡һǸҪ͵ϮǰԱȻǰ֮Ѫ˫֮г֮ɫȲʵĵڵϡ
һĻΧ֮ˣһ㶣ȷһҼУɢӴ˿ȥ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˵ȥҲû⣬ֱϵһ
̶ϵ֮ɫЩ԰׵ϵЦղôʶˣ˵ڳðһ̣׼ȥʶһô
ϵʱҲȴ΢ɻСϴȥôͲǶˣҪڴǣϸһΪأѽ߰ɣȻ˵
վԱߵĺڴڵҶݣȴҶֹˡ
ϵ֪ڵݣ˼ҵֻͣͻʧתԼϹϾˡ
ȻҶԸ⿴ġ
ڴȻӽϵΪҶĽЩϵദҲꡣ
ԽڿϵǰΪ֮Żͦһ̣ȷʵ֮ǰͼ
Ҷ״ЦźڴǹֵϺڣҪƴϵ˼ָûˣԽ£Ҵ˼л
һڴǶٸܳȴѹһαˡ
Ҷϵ΢Ц߰ɣҪϵһףϿɲǸ͵ѽҶĶûгƿأһʱ䣬оŪƵ״Щ
ϵҲûҶҪʲôףֻǵ˵ͷȻǶԼҵշǳţҶһʲôףܴĳ
ڴ̧ͷͦصſˣǰ·ԺҶڿҶϼ˵ϼ仰ˣûм
ڴǲ˼˵˻ԺпܳΪ˼ҵĸˡ
£ҶǣҲǶһ˰ɡ
ҶϵոȥҶϼ֮оͳһӴ׵ʿֳһ֮󣬲ʧ˵ǰ
һĻһЩʿʱ
˵Ҷϼĳſڷɱ¼ҶϼĹ涨֮ˣǾԲġ
Щǳ˵ã֮УͽҶ˵ҶϼĹ˼ҲŻԴһۣһֻۣȫûƼ
ôֻ꣬Ҳ񲻵ҶҶϼ
Ҷϵں棬ڴһǰ濪Щ̬
ϵ̧˿ǰĺڴǣҪôȴ֪οڣ룬Ҳûʲô£㲻ٶԡ
ʱֻǰܵһʮ߰꣬ģϵмơ
Сȥ׼һ£òˡϵǸ꣬¶һ˿Цݡ
СȴҶһۣ¶һ˿ɻ󣬵ϵĻȥˡ
ϵסĵطλڷҶǵһƶ
ĵطȻҪһЩµСɽǿ࣬Ҳ㲻Ϸ֮ء
˴󶼼ªܻܿһЩؤ
ϵҶЩҶǵĵؼʵ̫ΪðһݼҵϴúڴһǧУ󶼻ˣСԺǮãȥá
˵ЩʲôЩǮģûҵķݣôùҵġҶһЦҡҡͷ
ڴҲһԱ߿ڵ˵Ϊ١ΪҶǸȱǮôǡ˵ڴæסԼ죬Ҷ¶һ˿εЦݡ
ҶҲûһһԵϵԺڴǽıЩ֡
Ҳûж룬ΪʱѾˡ
ϵͭһŴš֨һ˿
Ż֮У¶һòٸȥԼʮ߰䣬ò㣬Ҳżִҹʣ˿ȴ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
ϵС۵ӣҲЦݣ漴ЩҶСҵĶϱҼСȢˣ㿴ȥӦҪСҪһɣҲץ
Ҷ΢ȣԳ޵ùȻУϵǺø
ϵһޣЦúϲ£죬ֵ֥ȥһþƲˣϴҪҶСһǧرңڻסɽˡ
ӣΪ֥˿ȴҶʩһ񣬲ﺣһͬԺӡ
ȻªȴʰķǳɾϣһȾ
֮ҶźȲ裬סڴߵ⣬˾Ϊ̸
ԭǰίһϣ͵ǰʱȴ⵽˶Էİٰѣװ
Ȼ֪ɽĺڴȴæȥǰһ֪ԷĻݺѵһ
ڴ֮£Ҫǰ֪ڻ·ϣǰԱŹĳ档
ʱĺڴҲû룬ͳ˹ȥ
ڽ飬Ҷˡ
һᣬȥ˵Ļ֥һӵĲ˽ȴһŽµӡ
ӣɫȻڽԺʱоһ˿м
Σһٹ߽ؤѣָһȵ̬ȻȻı¶˳
ȻϵˣȴüͷһתӣֻûƼˡ
ɫǺ죬Щη˵ģͷվһߣҲ˵ˣȴǻ֥Ķ壬ͤ硣
Ƿǳ谮֥ȻףڽӴ֥С֮ȴһ̾Ӳһ˿Цݡ
ų˿ȥĿϵɨüȴû˵ʲô
ɵɨڴǵ֮ʱȴǾһ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ڴһƬضΣ٣ЩģǻƼҲһʿ壬ȻҲŹڴǵһЩ񼣡
˿̿ڴǳҵĴԺ֮УԼǸСֶŮܵƼԼΪ˴ˡ
ȻĿҶ֮ʱɫʱһ䣬ͽΪȫҶǳһ˿ɫǸСֶĻ˰˾ŷ֣һˡ


315 
˵ģֻ˵ԷԶԶԼΪֵηˣȭ»ͤ磬ӣǡһƸٰӣ֪ǷȥǻƸһơ
ҶǵĻƼңҶ֮УҲһЩĶ塣
ΪƼҵϼһﵽλʿߣԻƼҵˣڷҶߣмֵġ
Ƹļ磿Ҷԣȴ΢΢һȻǼ磬ΪνһҶ֮ˣǻƸŮӼȻ޵ңôҲһ˰ɣ
⡭ͤĿ΢ڻ֥ϵɨ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ
ҶһжʱˣʱĻŵԣҵļҲ䲻ϻƼҵġ
ֻ»֥£ȫ˽¾ģûͨƼҡ
뵽Ҷȴϵ΢Ц˼Ʋѽٰ磬ȻûҵȥѵƼҲ֪רΪҶϼģƲƼңɾƲҶϼѽ
֮⣬ȴѾҷҶϼ֮ϡ
ͤԣɫ΢䣬̶ɿɨ˺ڴһۣۼ˶Ҷ쳣Ҷ˵ⷬʱиǷųĹʡ
ȻԷܿͽеֹ˹ȥǱͤ粶׽ˡ
һĻͤҲʼ´Ҷˡ
ԼֶŮ˵ǰ˻ҶĪǴҶϼʲôϵɣ
ֱӽҶϼĲֱȨָңȨޣҶϼ֮УҲǸ¼ɡ
Ҷϼ塰¼ôƼ֮ܽãǽԻƼ˵֮ĺô
ʱĻͤ磬¿Ҷʱ̬תһЩ˵ǰǾηĻһͽζˡ
վһԵĻ֥Ҳ΢΢һȻҶǸ򵥵ôҲûҶȻҶϼ島Ϲϵ
ɲΪҶƭңΪҶ֮УҴҶϼŶҡײƭˣûгֹ
ҶϼˣִҶϼͷҶ£ҶϼֶΣһָǾǡ
ڳˣΪҶԼСЦ
ڳ֮УڴΪ϶һڿһҵʱĿ˼Ľ֮⡣
ܵҶϼһŵһңڷɻڴˣ
ϵȴɫ䣬æסҶС治ҪôðҶϼˣһĻ£ɲ
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ϵǺŰɵûƭҡ
ƭ𣡿ǻԴġҶҲŲˣҪҪȥμӻƸļ簡
ȻҪȥ˵ʵҪǿ֥ͦТ˳ķϣһ治ȥЩƼ˵ҶҶϼ壬ϵҲ˿
ҶԣŻͤȻǼ磬ҾͲ˼ȥˣһȥɡ
֥ȴæǰʩӣȥֻҼҹҲȥһͬȥһưɡ
Ůһ䣬ҲҶػӲҶȥˡ
ҶˣҲپܾԼҲû緹ȥҲǲ
ͤɫӵĿϵһۣ΢ɣ֣˸ʽ߰ɣĪҪүӵȼˡ
΢΢һȴǻƼҵ˵һνгָп
˵ͷŻͤһȥ
ںڴȻҲβȥ
Ƹļҵ˵󲻴˵СҲСҲһһǼ
ӵܷ࣬ÿһ֮УƸѡһӾٰһһǻ㱨һ¸ҵľӪҲɢڸصļӵܻظһ۾ۣһ¸顣
ƸȨڻүӵУԸ֧ӵΪֺλүӣÿμʱ򣬶ǰүӵĳ֮ϲ
֥Ϊ˽޸ʱ򣬾ͱȡ弮
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Ȼ뿪˻ƼңڻƼ֮Ув۰ģл֮ͤһ
ͬʱͤҲǻƸȽлʵȨ˻ͤΪߡ
ʱ֥ͻȻǰҶߣѹĲ˼ӣ˲С˹СŮӵһЩۣǧϡ
ҶһЦǧҪ˵ϵҲңҪǵϵҽҶǣֻѾڰ·ˣС£ǧĪˡպҽҶϼıдһ£ҪˣϵǺˣⷽ飬ֻ´
лӣģЩ飬СŮӶҸѧЩ츳һὫõġ֥ʱѾ϶ҶҶϼĵλһ㣬ҪȻȴ£ȻֻƬܾġ
뵽ҶΪ˰ңȻ˲иΪм̾ǸһΪȷһ£ֻ¾ǽʶһλӡ
ӣǰǻƸˡʱǰĻͤ磬ͻȻͷҶ΢Ц
Ҷ̧ͷֵֻľͷȻһΪ׳ĸۡ
˿ڴ֮ǰͣʮ޳
̨֮վʮˣΪһߣȻ뷢԰ףɫ󣬾񼫼ѡ
λˣؾǻƸȨߣүӡ
үӿҶһ˵ҵæǰӭҶӹȻһ˲ţΪ룬ӵĵʹһƸԡ
ǰүӣҶҲǱȭүʢȴСҲֻˡ˵ȴǻͷЩ֮󣬻ȥҶϼǩĺͬ
Ҷո£ʱΪ˵ģֻ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ¶ϡ
гпģгʼɵģǳĽ֮ɫ
ôĿⶼԼϣҲ¶Ժ߷־ִ֮⣬õģõģһ꣬ϾȥҶϼǩͬϾȥǩͬ
֥һеһۣǩʲôԼѽڸ㳤㻹ֱͦһ㣬ͷ̧һ㣬Ͻͬһͬ
ѵĪӻ֥Ļһͦͷһ̧˵̧ͷ֮ͦĶ˼ƣôҶͷѡ
֥Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣬æתϵȥˡ
ƼҵүϵɫЩ


316 ֮Ľ
һʮ˽˴֮󣬱ѡһλ
Ψһмһϯû
ڼŮĴϣҶһˣмһ
үΪˣȻλҶֵһλãֵĵһλϵ
ʣֱ𱻺ڴǡռˡ
ڻ֥Ů֮мľϯûʸġ
˿̣ƼһӵܵĿ⣬ϵϣ¶˼Ϊӵ顣
εţҲû׼ʲôöмöԪ飬үӲҪ˵䣬ҶóʮöԪ˯飬ĴָСȴ̹ʣȻֵǷ
үĿЩԪϣʱɫһ䣬ֵʦʸܵ䱦˹صϷ£ӽμһƸļ磬ȻһƸĪң˺񡣡
Ƽ֮ԣǽĿɨ˹ЩԪʵɫâ뾪
Ԫһֻ쳯س֣һĵ۹֮УһǳصɫʣͬʱҲǳϡУһֻеԱǼϵˣʸá
һ£䵽²Ԫ飬ȴǷǳϡٵġ
ҶֱĶҲѹֽүų
ֶƽʱ򣬾ǮҲһѽ
ҶЦҡͷ˿ûг԰͵ϰߣȻүӲЩԪ飬Ǵұ͸ɣ˵ȢǻƼҵŮûϼױˡ
ӹЩԪ飬ٿҶϻĻȣܲҶΪ̧ԼڻƼҵݣҶʩһ񣬲ųүӹݵݳļױүү°ɡ
ү¶ָӵɫ˰Σ̾ϢһֽЩԪУֽЩܿˣҪпգͶ֥ؼҿɡ
һǻƼҳ׽Լô
Ӱɫ֮ףѾǻƼҽԼźˡ
æ̧ͷŻүӣͷѡ
֥ʱ۾ҲЩ죬Լķڿ˳̤ƼҵĴˡ
˭˵ŲԵĻûҸ
ʱĿɨ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ϾԱҶ˿أܽҶϼıд죬ֻҪҶҶϼ֮ԼΪԼ䣬˵ĵλԺҲǻƼҵĵˡ
ʱϵԼĶӣֱӵƣҶһ٣̶
ԴĶȢ˻ƼҵŮ֮Ƽңδü
еһʱ򣬴գҲΪҶĵԽ֡
ʱʱǰƣҶΪҲǸ˻Ƽҵӣۺ˾ƣһס
Ǻȥȴֱƾ˳
һССһϣҶӲӮһǧ
ɾھڽβʱ򣬴ȻһߣСӣ㵨ͦģɱǰˣȻԴȣ治ǰѽ
Ц֮Ȼͳȴɭɱ⡣
һ˲䣬Ƽҵˣɫһ䡣
Ҷüͷ΢壬̧ͷſȥ֮ɫ
̶ҡҡͷеľһںȾǸû˷
˿Ҷ飬ٻҶϼˣҲû̫š
ϾҶУֻҪҶϼı־ֻҶϼһͰˣһҲû˸ǡ
ǵ֮һ䣬Ӱֱӳſ֮һΣֱ˻ƼҴ֮С
һˣһЦҶ֮ǰЩŹڴϵĶ֮һ
ΪһˣɫޱȣϵϢȻûɢ㣬Ŀ֮ЯɷȴȻ
վһ׵ʿЩʿ̬ȣ˽ġ
һĻƸ˵УһƬɡ
ǰǷҶǵһڵɣôеĻһ
ĪǹٷѾһң
ƼүɫҲЩÿھмʱ򣬱˴һȺʿţʲôͷ
ҺûƼүϳɾֶ֮֮£ȻЦ⣬ֵǰİ٣ʵʧԶӭǻƸļ磬λȻˣҲһ
ǰİһߣȻûߵ£ǰ֮˶ǲҳȥԺô
˵ǰİĿһ쳣ĳҶȥߣҶУǰΪеûмСӣ㻹ǳıӵˣ
¶˾Եĺ⡣
ûдЩѲǵʿǰ˿̸ӦҶʵֻܽưͿȥ
·ϣһ˴ظһƣӲǽλ˳˹
˵иɱ˷Ҫ˴鰸
˿̣һλŴڼķ£߽˴ȻҶȥҪúÿһ֪ĸڷҶɱˡ
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ʱֻҶͻȻתЦЦˣδѵ£
ڿҶһ˲䣬һλүȴ˲ɫ䣬ôҲû뵽ǰ˵ġɱ֡Ҷ
ʵɱˣʵڲʲô¡
һ£ǹϵ棬ʲôرָʾѲǵļʿͲ顣
ڿ˱Ҷ֮ү˲üΪѿȻתӣǰİŭǰƽҲͰˣǾȻ١ҶӣҿǻˡҶҲǵֱû㣬£ܸҶһĽǰߵͷˣ
֮ͻȻתľ棬ʱҶۡ
Ȼ˵ҶҶϼˣүҲάɣ
ĪлЩ֪أ
˵ͻȻĿҲλɵۡ
һܺߣǱ˺òã
ⳡôȫߵˣ
΢΢һ֮ͻȻүʹ漴вʲôʱͷϾ亹ɫҰ׵ҶӣС飬ղ϶е˲С˼ƣȨСڷƨǧСһʶ
⻰һ꣬󼸸ǰİֱӹڵأͷ
㳡棬ûƼ֮˼ɵۡ
ǰһλʿһ֮ĴڣӣЩֱؤҲ˶˰ɡ
⡭ҶӾʲôݣ
˿̻Ƽ֮һУǿ˸е֮ɫ
һʱ֮䣬Ƹ֮ٴοҶĿ֮УȴǴһޱȵľη


317 
ŴĿ⣬ҶüͷȻˣɣڷҶˣʲô£˵Ҳˡ
˵⻰ˣȻˣҲϼɡ
һλͷЩܳ
ϾҶ֮УҶϼͬϯȾƵˣûм
һλ˵УҶȾƣɾһĪ
ҶĸҲӣ߶ˡǰүһԡԾӣҶǰٽһҲƺԼ
˿̿ǰһ˶ڵϣҲһүʱһڣȻǻʲôϸҹȥҪҶĹǣҲҪһݡ
ǰһԱԣ̧ͷҶ
ۼҶûҪΪǵ˼ʱɴ⣬ӵͷϵ亹ã;ʧ˳ȥ
ү֮һڻƼ֮Ҳ˿Ѿûʸһˣ׷׹ȥ
һ֮ϣֻҶүүӺϵˡ
ʱԶĻ֥ԼɷʹɫʵΪԼ˾ơ
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬µһƣ˾˹ȥðʧľٶûֱ֥˹ȥ
үȻððʧʧľЩҶĨĻ֮󣬵һλһңʮֿأ
һǲСˣľƣæӹȥνǸӡ
һʱ䣬̸ЦյҲΪǢ
үƺʧԣ˵ƾҶı̧̧־Ϳʱ򣬻үɫһҶʱ򣬸Ϊˡ
ȴ˼㣬һƽļ磬ܹһ飡
үֻƬ֮УͿ˽⵽λҶӵݣֻѾԶԶԼ
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ϺĪΧҶϼ壬Ϊ˳ǷʹϺĪҲǿӲ
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ĪХϵƣȻٱǣһĳȻ߶һ
һʱ䣬ɣѪâէ̶֣˺ѣ¶ѷ졣
˿̣ܱΧĿɫ԰ףæˣ֮£ֻҪһ³㣬ǲҲѲƤ
ȻΪ벽̧֮㣬ɽܣʵ̫Щ
ʱ˶벽սʱȴ˷֣Ҷϼǽĳشȴ𶯣¶һССŻ
ͬʱһµӰҲǵɨ˽սһۣüһ壬Ҷϼ壬Ҷ
Ҷϼ֮ڳ¥֮ɨһ£һϵΪλʿ֮ûע£һﱤ֮ǰ
˴ﱤĸԼһټʿ˴ֳʯǿ䶢·ϺĪҵˣɢѪɱ⡣
Ȼֻаˣȫһɫİ벽ʦ
Ҷĵֻ˵Ŀ⣬ǳλʦڿҶ֮ȴǹʩһ񣬲վصԼĸλ֮ϡ
Ҷʾ˲Ҫ֮ȴֱߵһŮߡ
˿̵Ҷˮü壬վڵﱤķڴһϮһƮȹҲǶ˵ߡ
ҶһЦСӻЩҶϼСأ
һЦҶˮüһ壬ɻִٳǵ֮£˭˲֪̸Ц
ЩһҲǵģҲ¾棬Һﱤ鱾С㿴ҪǻˣһٴǱزٵģСҲЩԼĵﱤ˷Ҫúÿ˭˲֪ء
תԴҪѵһ֮ʣһ̣ȴĿһСԼС죬Щ˼磬ôǲ˵𣿡
˱ͲԻôҶһǰЦСӵԴȴӿһ˿ů
˵ĹػѾܾûиܹˡ
Ҷϼ屻ϺĪҵΧס˼ȻΪô˵Ҷˮ˷ϲɫɻ
ҶܻȻǳ˻ϲ֮⣬ȻܶϺĪҵˣӶɹرżɻ
Ҷ˵ȻҲʡ
磬Դϴȥ˹֮ҾҲûˣôڹ֮ʲôջûУҶˮ⻰ѯҶ֮£ȴ͸һ˿ػ֮⡣
ȻǵҶڹ֮ʲôΣգһֱڲų
ʵԴҶ֮СӵоһֱЩĵģ񿴵ҶĳģҲƽ
ҶкЦСȻȻһƵǣù
СѾͷӹĴ磬쾭飬ڵġҶЦǵĿҶˮһۣȴûлش⡣
ҶˮݺݰҶһۣŲмΪ˼ɵӣջرʱֻλʿΪ㶼Ѿﵽλʿ֮ˣϴȥ֣һջ񣡡
Сӵʮֿ϶ΪԼһ㣬еԵԺ
ҶĿ⵭ɨ·սһۣ䵽Ҷˮϣ΢ЦϴνȷʵЩջ񣬲ǱСѾͷѽǰ벽ʦΪˡ


321 Ц
Ҷˮ΢΢һǺɵĶҶܿҵΪⲻܰһֻи߲εߣܿ͸Ͳѽ
ҾͲеôôҲҶϼȻһЩŵķҶűӣһЦشǺ
ҶַʽĻشҶˮ޵ҧһƵĽСԴŤһߡ
ҶкЦȴװģ̾ϢðɣҳϣΪ˴֮󣬲֪СӵΪģʧܣһΪȻԼҵСãԺ⣬Сɵöһ´ѽ
Ҷˮ̳һĨ˵ĻȣȴȻŤͷߵˣξԭˣЩѧ˲٣ÿ仰໨ġ
ҶʱЦѣæתƻСã˱ٳ£ΪҶϼһʿǰľ棬Ϊαֳһȫں飿
˿¥֮ϵʿȻҲѴɫɫȴǼΪɣȫް㵣֮ɫ
ҶˮԣȴЦϺĪҸҶϼƣҶϼѾȫ׼˵Ҷˮָ·սֻȴｫĪ֮ɱʱ򣬾Ҷϼ巴֮ʱĪûм£ȺףһƬңҶУҶϼĶ֡
˵⻰ʱҶˮ˱ʤСӶҶĻѾһäĿĳ羴
Уֻ¾ûҶĻ಻սʤˣڣӦʮһ͵׷һࡣ
ҶȴҡͷĿɨս
Ҷϼ岢֪ڷ籤ѾϺĪ֣ҪȻԲֹۡ
ΪǺڷ籤ϺĪңҶϼ϶٣֣ȻҪѹҶϼһͷ
кξ֮УҶֻһλʿҵƥʱ򣬺ڷ籤Ҳô
ҶϼѴﵽ֮ôƾڷ籤ϺĪҰʲôֶΣһ֮
˿̣Ҷϼţ㳡֮ϡ
ҶĽĪХزѾ𣬿Ǵѽѷ֡
˫ǵƾſڵƬؽ磬ҲѾǴݲеĲˡ
˳֮䣬Ǵ󿪴ϣ֡
ʱһƶԺ֮Ӱ˲ֿ
һʯ֮ϣһ֮ϣңңԡ
Īҵ֮Ȼ֮Īһ鷢ʵʵڳ˵񡣡ҶĽ鵭ȻŶԷϵʣǰĻףǸղŴս֮ˣһ㡣
ĪХȴֱЦһŮ֮ͳҶϼô꣬ǳ飬ҶϼҲж𡣡
˱ɱ
ҶĻȴǵɨ˶ԷһۣޱҽѹǧУҲԸ̽ȥˣҽǿĹɱ֮ϣܽ¡
ҪһôãѾʱˡĪХǰҶĻһ֮£ԲһŮѹô꣬һĳ衣
ǰҪϴ裬ҪŮˣҶϼ嶼Ĳڽ£һûа⣬ڴ
ԸҶĽһЦֻͻȻѪţѪ˸֮УҶϼǿŴʮʯȴȫȴʯ֮Ѫâһзͺɫ쳣ĳĪХΧɱ
˿ҶĽϵѪ⣬ȫһ˿˿ĹעЩʯ֮УʱʹЩʯϵӾѾ׻˹һ
޻
ҶϼϹŵĽͨ飬עʯħ壬ɶʱʹʯֻͬʱӵ䱾˰ٷ֮ٵĹ
̬֮µҶĽ࣬ȫɱһʦ
ȻǽͨȻޱȣ;Увпʯɣ鱻ʹñΪһĴڡ
ֽͨûдԵɡ
ǰŮֻܿľѪʯͬȴܿʮĪХһĻҲɫ䣬״ζԼ׼ĺ֣еЩûе
ֻǼδҶĽྐྵȻѾֽͨ־磬ʵڳϣ
˵ʵҽϣϣĪХȷʵ֮ҶĽѷһ
Ҳһ֡褡ĸп
ֻҪһսɣָпҲһȥ
켴ʹޣҲҪȡʤĪХȻ̧ףһ˿񣬾ȻֱӽһԼĵ֮С
һ̣һɳɱ¾ƣȻĪХڱ˳
ֻһꡱĹ֮
˿̵ĪХ䣬ϵ·׷ױѣȴֳһķģЩģѪѪɱ¾Ϣ
ĪХ˿̵ɫȴޱȣϷҰ޵˻֮Ȼ֮Ҫܼʹ
ͬʱϢȴҲٱ
ϢôһַǳϤĸоѵϺĪҵ֮ҶĽüͷ壬Ҳ״¶һء
ϺĪҵȱӻӵϷУ֮Ӳͬ޵õһֲķϳơľ
˵ķ£޺һ˼ޣ޼ˣ˻ޣ޺ˡ
ľĪȱڴ޽֮ǰὫȫľΪһ뵤֮УӶγһöĴָСĽᾧ塣
ֽᾧ壬ĪҳΪ޺ˣ溬Ī
Ҫһö޺ˣһ׵飬һͱľߣһΪҪﵽ벽֮
ڶ޺˵ʱ򣬽Ҫܷ˵ʹ࣬ʶ̲֮۳޺ˡ
£ĪХĪȱ۵һö޺˰˵Լĵ֮УʵȻܵʹ࣬ҲԶԶ˳˵
δˣ˼
ֹЧеȭζ
ĪХں޺֮ÿһ룬ɼˣںɵһ˲䣬ֱӳҶĻ˹ȥ
ҶĻҲɫһ䣬ʮʯȻԾӭϡ
ֻʯ֮УͻĪХһŭ𣬽šꡱ֮һʯֱӱĪХ÷顣
ȴҶĻ֮Уһһңػߡ
ٹ۴˿̵ĪХȴѪϸǳֶദʯ˺ҧץ˺ۡ
ȫ£ûһĵط˵Ǳ쳣
ȻһҶĻİʯ񣬵˿̵ϢҲļ㡣
ʱһѪɫĹ㣬ͻȻƮΪѪâֱʧ֮С
ɢĪХϱʵҲһʧĸɸɾ
ҶĽʮʯаܵشˣεʤߣȻֻȻĪХĪĪҵľҲˡҵʯȻʮȥˣʣ𣬶ɢ޻֮һսǷҪȥ䵭ȴžԵǿơ
ĪХһǵѪ֮ɫ԰ҶĻ࣬һսĪХʰ·硣˵ȴ¶һ˿թԼսʤƣһҲʲôֻҶĻһΪʮȥˣҲֵܽڶս˰ɡ
ĪХȻѾܣĻ֮У¶һ˿֮ɫ


322 
ҶĽ࿴һĻһƲ
Ҷϼ֮УʵǿĪХƴȷʵѾûսڶ
ʮʯÿһ֮У̺һƱԴʯ񱻻٣ǱԴ
ƣʵĪХᣬֻǱǿѹסˡ
Īɳһ벽ǲУ뵽ҶĻȴֱԾ˳ǽȻڵȻǱԡȻ˿ĪѾ˳ҶĻҲսڶսҶϼĵһҽң˸ߴңңʮǰҲѾλʦ֮Ҷϼĵڶλ벽
˻һ֮ˣһƬȻ
ǰ֮УҶϼ壬Īϼ壬ûʦ򣬿һҶϼ壬ͳλ벽־¼ʵڴ̼̫ࡣ
ңһ˵Ϊʦ֮󣬶Կɡ
ɴ˿ҶĻ໰˼ҽңڳΪ벽֮ƺȻΪҶϼЧ
ͬΪһ۷ʦȴԸҶϼ壬˵УҲһ顣
ϺĪҶϼԳһ벽Ǿ˵顣
ҶĽȴ˵Ҷϼ廹һ벽۷ʦ֣֮Уǿڲ֮ˡ
ԭҶϼ徹λ۷ʦѹҶϼ˶޾ɫΪⳡսҶϼǱʤ
ҽҽȻڶ̶ʮ֮ڣͽ۷ʦ֮ϺĪˡ
ҶϼȻز¶ҽңӳΪ۷ʦ飬ҶǾûһ֪ϺĪҲΨǵļŽ۷ʦ֮ȴѾҶĻˣֻѾܳս£ϺĪ˭ңһս
ϺĪûƣֻҪ鷳ˣǿԵˣĪҵȫҵⳡĵģˣϺĪֻ۹ˡ
˵ۣҶˮˣҶĻ࣬¶Ц⡣
ҶϼҲһʤȯյ֮С
ΨҶüͷ΢壬ҡҡͷ
ҶĽˣֻ¸֪ڷ籤ѾϺĪ֡
ľ棬ҶϼˡҽңӡƣҶϼ״Ȼ˼㡣
Ҷˮ¶ЦݣҶȴǰ̾ϢϺĪľֶֻΣҶƣֻҪãϺĪҾͻ¶һ档
ҶĽһսʤҶϼ֮ˣȻܣʿǡ
ǰΧ۵ʿȻҲ۷׷ףлҵ˼㡣
ϺĪң˿̶ǼܣȻ¶ȴû¶㾪ŵɫ
ǵĿɨҶϼ֮ʱ¶˼ּ
ҽҽңӣĪХһЦû˿Ǹûԡҽвϡ
һĻΧˣٶ˿
ĪϺĪصƣֱذܵĶĶз
ʱΧҲܵϺĪյĹ֮󶼰
ϺĪкֶΣҪȻ£Բ侲
ʱҶĻҲвԾĵط
ʱҶĽ࿪ңǹȥһʱ䡣
£ңϲŪʽҲӦóˡ
ôùȥȴ˿ңӵӰӡ
һʱ䣬еգ˲üΪ
ҶˮҲ¶ɻɫ˴ҶĻ࣬ҶĻ˵һǡ
ҶĽ溬ɷкâһ
ģƽңϲװǻƣŪԼݣֻֻۣۣҲ͹ȥˡ
ɽʲôϣңӾȻ˲֪ô
ĪǵΪҶϼûңӾͲ
뵽Լң˿̻ʱ
Ȼ£ңӵӰȻûг֡
ڼǸɵӣҲܿЩǱѰˡ
һͷӶ˴˿
ĪХڽ˿ȴǺȻһЦҶϼĵڶսѡûѡãҿҶĻٴ³ƴһɡ
˵ĪХͻȻתһЦĪҵĸҲʱˣļӳ£ɢʹóΧߣ
ĪХµһ˲䣬ٵǿһϢͻȻĪҴӪ
ȴԶɽ֮ϣٵӰ̤ɽ£ۣǰСҽ֮һ֣ЩˣȻҶϼҽʦ
ҶϼҽʦΪλĪҵĴӪ֮У
ֻңΪף˴ʦβ棬ˣ߽ϺĪҵӪ
һĻȴз˾κˡ
ҶϼĲҽͶϺĪң
Ľ˶ɵۡ
ЯңһʽϺĪңĪҪ˵ĳŵңӶԼΪûа֮ɫ
ڶԷõ֮ʱңӡ˲Ϊ𡱵ƢԣܲѳҶϼ塣
ĪХԣȴǺȻһЦֻҪȡõڶսʤĳŵʵ֣븱ԴΪأɱҶϼ硣
ȻΪĪҵĸⱾǷ֮£Ͳصˡң˵̧꣬ͷǽϵҶĽ࣬Ը̾һŹֵҶ飬Ҳ޿κΣҶһȰ䣬ҶϼɱãԴĪΪҶϼһѪҶϼսݲ
ҶĽ纮гŭңӵû뵽ҶĽҲп۵ʱңӣҶϼһ㲻£֪ɷһͣ
ңЦһͣǸСӱҶ֮𣬱ѾҶϼ峹׾ˣ̲֮Ϊ˽սҶϼһٸ𡣡
˵϶ʱҶ֮ɨȥбɭȻޱȵɱ
ҶĽȴЦԭңĴ淴⣬֪гǱ֮УвңһˣңӵļҶڱУ·ңͲ±˽йص
ңɫ΢䣬ɴ£СڣǱģңһķҶĻɱ;ȥɱˣ˵ллΪңһЩˣϻ˵ڶսɱ֣֪ҶϼҪ뱾һս
ңӵĺȻ˵ΪĿģܽһѵ֮ˡ
Ⱥˣֻȫ£Ҳҳˡ
ҶĽȴüͷңӵʵ֮ǿȻǳ
ǶԷȫȫʢʱڵҲЩԲ
Ҷϼʦֻ࣬һЩλλʦλʦ֮⣬ûһˡ
Ȼ֮⣬Ҷϼһײβڡ
λֱڶûʲôסˡ
ҶĻûѡ
˵ǵڶսǵսҲȫһ˵ˡҶĽûѡȻ˿ʵ𣬵Ҷϼ֮У˭ңһս
˵ңսĽܿһ䡱֣ʤϣǳã
ʹˣҶĽҲҪһûͷǾԲģ
оƵߵҶϼ֮ȻжԲҽңС˷ߺ޲ѣҲǰһƵ֮ɫ
Ҷϼ嵱ܣǵ³Ȼޱȡ


323 
ҶˮҲЩף֮У¶һ˿֮ɫ
֪Ҷϼ廹һ벽ԲѹϺĪңϺĪڣҲ޷Ҷϼɰв
˿̣ȴǼȵ
ҶĽ֮ǰĽսУȻĪХ˭óʱҶĻҲѾش
ǿңһսȻ׶༪١
ҶˮΪҶϼĶС㣬Գ˺ǻ
ҶϼΪҶĻĴڣһ룬Ҷϼ˵УҶϼˣκս
һ㵹ǰ
ҶĽ˳ս֮ʣҶϼһϢȴǺȻֱϮš
ʣʱдȣ̧ȥ
ֻһŻ۵ߣ˸֮䣬ֱӳڳ¥֮ϡ
ϿȥԼĪʮ꣬հ׷ɫһϮۣ
ӰٴһǳҶĽǰ
澪˵ӡ
һʱ䣬Χ߿Ҷϼ񣬶üȹ
ϣһ
Ҷϼ֮УȻһ
ʲôʱ򣬶Ǽ֮УҲˣ
˼ôˡߣҶĽ΢΢һ漴
֣Ϸˣң涯֣治ҪôŭҶϼͿţĵĪǵҪҶϼǧҵ˲ɣ
ߵѵ⣬ҶĽǸһػֻܹͷ
ѵһҶĻ֮󣬲ŵͷңӣüͷ΢ңӣϷ򱧽ҶϼģΪ㸸Щ飬ܹ֮Уɲţȴû뵽ȴرҶϼġҲգӽңһҶϼްϵ˵ҶĵתϷ򵱳ȻɲţȻҲֻ㡣
һ䣬һǿҵƣֱӱ
ûнκҶһʵȻѾﵽ˶Ķ֮
ҸǣҶĳӵˮ֮⣬Ȼӵ֮
Ҳ˵Ҷز¶ϹȻһӵ˫ϵıߡ
һĻǽҶҲһ
һֱΪҶֻһӵеϵˮ֮Ǵ֮أŸƾŽλʿľ磬˼Ҷ֡
֪Էӵֻ֮¾ٽҶһǴξǴҲ˼Ҷõͷ
һ̣֪ʲôŽġ͵ǡϻ
ңӸӦҶϱƣȫ£Ҳ˲亹ֱðҶȻĿ⣬˵һθоԼ֮
ң񼸽֮ʣһƮͻȻĪҵĺ𣺡Ҷģϣ㲻Ҫ˵ԼҪǿгͷҺڷ籤ҲԲԹۡ
һ䣬һźɫȫź۵ӰͻȻĪХߡ
ֻһӣһεɢʱҶʩңϵѹȥ
ǿƵ̬ʣҲһһһҶѷɫ
ˣϺĪϺĪһơ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ȼڵڷ籤ıҶϼ壬ĪҲΪе
صĺǿԣȴǷһЦǲУɲҶϼ˵㣬ֻΪһֻҪҶϼ彻йҶϼϺĪҵķҺڷ籤֡ǲȻֻϷס㣬벽ϮɱƾһҶĻֻ࣬ôҲסɣµԣҶ
Ҷȴֱüͷ壬£ڷ籤֮Ĳ֣ȷʵǱʮּ
һʱ䣬ճһֹļž֮С
ҶˣҶϼ˵֮£ռҶĽսҲԲκһҶϼĹ͵Ҷϼǧϣκμ̤
ҶĽһҶĵĳ˼˵ȫްתĿܡ
غ˻Ȼ̧ףɭĿ⣬ֱҶĻϣЦãõĺܣҶĻȻŮкܣȻҶϼȡҲȷϻˣңӣһսȫ֣ǵӭսҶϼ֮ˣ㲻Ĵ˼ɣֱնɱ˵ȴɨҶһۣһЦҶģ֮ǰɽһսѴɵԼӦòᷴڰɡٶȲֽ֮£ҲĪֱ壬Һڷ籤ϺĪ֣ҪҶϼ峹׸ҲǼʲô°ɣ
Ҷĵɫһ̣üΪѿڱ໥ֻһڷ籤ıҲض֡
Ҫ鷳ˡ
ҶĵȻŭ𣬵ȴҲû
ңӿҶıڷ籤ıǣסжʱ˿ǽҶϼˣЦ֪һҶϼɺ뱾һսʵûѡҲֱģ
ᵭȴǳ˿ɫʣΪң൱ţҶĻ˲֣ܳҶֱڷ籤ǣƵ£ҶϼҲĶ֣
ԣʱ˿̵ңӣûаɵԼΪһ棬˳
ҶĽû˵
ڵҲȷʵˣ֮⣬Ҷϼû˿ңһս
Щͨʦңӵԣ˵ὫЩ˵նɱ
ѵҶϼѾߵ˾ͷ
ûʲôϾ۹ҲֹһöʧȥˣܴطõҶϼĹ֣ȴҶϼһζսҲҶϼʵˣ
ҶϼˣԳĬǲʣ
Խ˭ٶ
ҶˮСֽճȭͷͨ죬ͦȴǴδζҶסˡ
ȻСѾͷҲ֪һҶϼܣô븲֮ڣҲͲԶˡ
㳲֮£ѣ
һҶϼ帲ΪҶϼĶС㣬պҲӱ׷ɱ³
պǱ쳣ʹʹսһ뵽СѾͷŲһ̧
ҶȴҡҡͷһΣͻȻǰ棬ҶˮЦСӣȥô
ҶˮαҶסΪԼĴǸС֮ˣЩãͷһŤ˸ǡ
ҶűӿЦһģȴ㵱¿ηΣǴǸֻ룬ȻΪĴ磬ôβκֺ
ҶˮתͷɻҶ֪Ҷ˵ⷬʲô˼
ҶһҶˮǰѱ紵ҵķ˿һЦİɣԺҶϼʲôѣ͹ԹԵĶڴ󣬷ҡ
˵ҶһԾֱ䵽˳ǽ֮¡


324 ս
ҶĳްƣһϮİȴ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ɻٽţȴ𾪡
ȻҶϼ֪Ͼһ֪
˿̣˵໥˵£йҶݣȴ˲Ϊе֪ˡ
Ҷˮ۾㵣ҶһԾµˣ֮У𾪡
ôҲû뵽ǰһ̣лСĴ磬һ̣ȴѾս֮ϡ
ʱвӿһԺֻĴ磬ΪҶˮĴ硣
ԺȴǼΪҶİΣ
ңΪ벽һʵ֮ҶĽ࣬ҲֻԲһ
ԼĴǿǰͷҶˮȻΪԼĴԺ
ԼλʿʵңӶϣֻһ֮£ͻ
磬㲻ңӵĶ֣ҶˮɫףǺ֮磬ҵĴҲÿ㣬ü³ƾΪңӶϣֻܰװ
Ҷˮⷬһ䣬ܱߵĹս߶ʱһȻҶĿ֮Уʱ˼ֻ֮⡣
λǱ˼ģԣ
ĳ֮Уٲ֪أҲԼСЦѽ
ȻĻ䣬κηĴݲС
ΪҶϼٱ˲˺ҪҶϼˡ
ҶģҶĽˣɫõĵҶҶˮһۡ
ⶼʲôʱˣС˺ֱ֣ҡ
ȻҶͻȻ³ңȴаСӣԼˣ
ңӱΪҪȸҶϼ֮󣬲ſҶû뵽˼ô
ĿɭȻҶɨ¶һ˿ЦҶϼɳѡôٺ٣ĺܺϱθأ
˵ңһҶ߹
УĥҶķӣҪҶ֪ңӵĺʲôĴۣ
ҶϼҲߵͷˣ¹شĶսȻһСҲѡѽĪХҶġҶĻˣĿ֮¶ļڽ֮⡣
ҶȴƽȻɨңһۣһһ࣬âͻȻɢԽԽʢ󣬾ȻѾȥ
ͻһĻ˶Ϊ֮һ㵣
ҶڷƮϰ죬Ŀ⵭Ȼ˵ҶϼڶɱսᣬԶˣҲ仰
ӵ˫ϵߡ
ͬʱƿؽϵľϵ
һһʦ
Ҷϼе֮
˿̵Ҷȷʵʸ벽սˡ
Ҫ֪ϣߣǲ콾
κӵ˫ϵĴڣڹϵĴУԽսĴ˵
һ㣬ҶȻϢңѷɫͿԿ˿̵ҶȷʵѾսңӵʸ
ôҲû뵽ҶϼȻӵ˫ϵһﵽʦ֮
𺳵ǣ֮еĽϵһټľϵЧ
֮£˿̵Ҷпƴһ벽
Ҷˮ֮ϣҲ¶ŵ飬סԼ΢ŵС죬ųǽһͦεӰ֮ɫ
ڼǰֻһλʿĴ磬ôͻȻͱһʦŵǣԼĴ磬Ȼӵ˫ϵ
Ȼûдﵽ벽֮ɢȻ˿ңӣ
⣬ôܣҶˮ㵣ǰһĻȴʵɲţ
ڳǽҶϼһηҶ
˵ǰΪҶݶηҶôҶʵһݹ֮ġ
ҶĽҲǳ˾ɣͻȻرһֱûʲôøУ˿ĿҶɨǶ˼ְο֮ɫ
ңɫޱȣһ˿ں֮⣬֪ҶʵͻͽôڵһμʱԼӦ
ҶȻųλʦľ磬ƣȻԼѷɫ
ҶϼͻȻҶһƥľ棬Ҫٱ仯
ĪХгŨɱҶͻȻǴ֮ǰµּƻ
νսУңܣôϺĪҴ˷ķӴõּƻͽΪ̻Ӱ
뵽ĪХǺ޲ֱǰҶϡá
Ҷǽ֮£վڳ֮ǰҶĻʩҼȻΪҶϼӦҶϼ干ͬˣһսͽҰɡ
֪ҶĽ໹û˵ĪХȴѾЦϵҶϼߣôû˵Ҷϼ廹˵ĪХĿɭȻĶҶСӣȻ֪Ҷϼʲôطİ֣֮սϺĪҶϼ֮Ȱñ£ߵѣ˵յľٶɱ֮
ĪХУΪҶҶϼЯϺĪҵĴѹʹҶеϵӶս֮
ֳ࡭вڱˣãҶĿǰǡһסĴԽʿȴֻһЦ
ҶмɨĪХһۣȻ˭вңֻ·һĪһѾΪĪҵĸյĻ
ÿСҪθĪҡĪХԵ˽вҶ֪ȴԷֱӷвһѡ
뵽ĪХɫΪһû˵УȴѶҶ˱ɱͷ
ΪҶ˵òҶҶϼҶֻһ¼ҹˣƾҶа벽ʵĪҴλսĪҶΪЩͷʹѡ
Ժڷ籤ĺԴҶ֮󣬾һֱھĴ˿ȴ˷һЦȻ˫ѡѾˣڶսͿʼɡңӣһսʤܣסʵڲҪУ֮ǰıȻһ֮£һ벽սʤһŸո̤ʦ֮СҲûˡ
ңһ˿âеһݳһ˿ЦһֱҶǰɭԼɱֱĺ
ϼһϻˣϴɱǸ˵ĶӵʱҪǱүʵûɱ㣬ĻߣҲӲһҶңαӣޡ
СˣˣҶĺõʱ򣬻Щһ
ϱɸУʵϱ޳αӣһɱ⡣
ңȴһЦȻǴҶ˴ϣԷһɡϻδ֮ʣһĳ
ֻյԪ˲ۣΪһɼĴӡԪĲ룬ӡӭ㳤ЯŲһƣӳҶ¡


325 ɳħ
벽ȻΪ벽ڵԪһϣǿһʦࡣ
ҪҶֻһλʦֵĹЩԷ
ڣȴֱֳȭңĴӡֱһȭȥ
ȭ
ռ䶼һ£ȴȭഥĵطһҫĿĹâҶҲ֮Ʈ䡣
һһȭĳν棬ȴƴ˸ƾС
ҶԼʵң䣬һƼɵ֮ɫ
ղ⿴Ƽ򵥵һƣʵڰ˳ۣνǿǵеһλʦҲѵƺƴһ
ڣȫ׼ĴУҶȥҶʵȻоһ𾪡
λʦʹֻǳλʦ
ңȻ̤벽֮꣬ˣȻʮ㣬ƾֶΣȫɽҶλʦնɱ
ƻΣңһЦ֮УʩչҶϼƾѧ
ֻ֮ͻȻɢ޾Ѫ⣬۳һͷͷι״ޣÿһͷޣʵޱȣ֮ɢžԵ׺֮
֮ޣ󶼰Ե쳣
ңӴ˿ʩַ֮ǰҶĻʯ֮ͬȻֻͷÿһͷ޵Ĺޱȡ
ңӵЦУͷѪޣޱȵĳҶɱ˹ȥ
Ҷȴݳһ˿ȻЦ⣬һӣֻ֮еԪһӿ㼱ǻΪһϢ˵ľ޴ڳ档
ڳ棬ȫѪ⣬ʮɴСβһڣͷϡ
һ̣ߵĶ˺ѵء
ֻһ󡰺С
ֳĶٶ˺ѿչ¶ʦӵеܡ
˫ϵĶУܳʯ죬Ԫ񷭹
־˵ƣһΧߣ޲з¶Ȼ
û뵽ʦһƴҶʵϣȻҲ֮⡣
ʱֻҶһȣ֮йֳͷԼ֮ʣȻԵ˫һڽ֮˸С
֮ѹһУҶùһƵľѹƣһٿסңӵ֮󣬷һӣо޳ת£ֱңһҧȥ
ãڵĹȻˣһϣԼһʵͱԷѹƣֻһĹʩչ
ңӳҶϼ壬Ƶʱ챻ˣټҶս֮ǿԶһİ벽ʦҲΪˣһսҶλʦȻѹסң벽
־棬ʵڳ˵
ȻҲ֪ҶȫƵһҶ˿벽еıǮ
ҲֻǵġС
ҶռϷ磬ңӱѹƵľ棬˭ĵ
СȻֻһλʦΪӵ˫ϵս֮ǿԶһĳλʦ϶ԷѹԼľԱʮֲǱвջһССĳλʦУǲԭµ飬ҶϼضҪ𣬷ңһˣؽҶϼɱԣΣһҪȡʤ˵ɱˣ߱񣬷𣡡ң¶һ˿֮ɫȻ̧ףҶ¶һ˿СӣⶼƵģϣгеֺı£
Ծ޳˺ҧңɫóһɫĴӡ
ɫĴӣԼ׳沼Ѫɫ·
棬һֵĹӰԸֳ
ңķעǸӰԽԽ
Ҷɫ΢䣬гȻⲼ֮еӰʽʬһа֮
Īϣ˰ʬаﲻɣ
ڽʬ飬ڶʮһͣҲһֱأ֪ࡣ
ձΪʬھ֮Ϊ˼ûֻɱѪĻˡ
ǼԹ
˵ʬ֮󣬻Ϊɣ֮ĽʬܷɣҲƷɽ˵Կơ硣
֮ǧǽʬ֮
ңеĲԾһʢװʬɢϢǳа
˿Ⲽʢװ֮һ߽ʬ
СӣñʹôҲˡң¶һ˿֮ɫһɳħȻֻΪ͵ȵɳħ۹֮УҲǾԵ
Ϊ͵ȵɳħҲӵλʦս
ɳħֻɳĮ֮УһֵطͷųֻʱͻữΪһƺ̣Ӷɢ֮䡣
дţڷ籤֮УԵɺϣõɳħǺڷ籤ɱﵡ
ʱΪȰ˵ԼҶϼ壬ڷ籤һɳħΪۣȡңӵ󵹸ꡣ
ңӵõһɳħ֮󣬱ҪΪԼԺ̽ɳĮĻ֮֪ȴҶƵҪǰʹô
һҶķߺޣֻѾǰδеĳ̶ȡ
һնɱҶȴʮ㡣
ָһ־֮еӰעһȴǵӰһͻȻƴֱӳеľ޳ȥ
ǰеĹУǸٱǣࡣ
һ˻֮
Ҷľ޳棬ȴް㷴֮һݿĹУ˲䱻Էɢ
޳֮ǸȥƲֱҶҧȥ
ҲֱһĻҶſ£ǿƻõӰΣֻ֫Ӳͷͣ۲бȲ֣ʮֽӲ
˵ĵطȴָס
ָףףҷޱȣ滹âԺž綾
ֵֹĹʦ֮µĴڣֻǴ֮
Ҷɫһ˿أһڵ֮С
ǱҪҶʵڲԸⱩ¶ˮϵ
Ϊ֪ϣֻǵ͵֮
죬ˣݸߵֻΪԼһЩҪ鷳
뱩¶Լݵ£ںУĿǰΪ
ܣȻǿƥһûǵӵʦܣȴûʦǷ鶯
һ壬ʹҶʵٶȱ£㲻Ǳ¶ԼݣҲųţӦ
ˮϵһҶ϶ʱ޾ܣһγһʾ޽ֱ
𣬽䡣
ֻ䣡һ졣
Ǹ΢ֵȻһӶɢ
ңɫ䣬¶޾Ȼ
˿еĲƣ漴ѣ˵֮ԴɳħǱҶһնɱˡ
ʾ޽ɳħ֮û˿ͣ٣Ǽңն¡
ɳħɵֵĽâ䵽Լϣң֪ԼǱɣ޵ֵĿܣ
ڴ˿ֻ̣ڷ籤ĺһߣһ⣬ֱӳʾ޽֮£һģնһ£Ҷ۵ʾ޽Ҳ˿


326 ϴ
˵ΪѴﵽ֪֮Ҫң벽ǿϼΡ
ʾ޽ڽɳħܱ֮Ѿ٣ٱңӱһ
˿̣ʾ޽һɢȻҲʲô¡
ңӽһľ˿̱֮¶ͷϵ亹쳣лȣ֮սѾȫ飬ֻˡ
֮УȻ˲ʣҶĹƣʵ
һսܽΣҶ֮ؽ
Գλʦ֮һİ벽۹δʢˡ
ȴûңӣϸϸҶһۣųС㣬û뵽㾹ȻʤǿֶΣ˾̾
ȻǾ̾Ҷ֣Ѷ˱ɱ֮⡣
Ϊ˭֪λʦ֮Ϳ벽⣬ǵ֮ЩƵʲô·
ҶϼһҶм֡
ǵҶҲ֮ƾ˵սֻڳλ֮Ϳһˡ
ȻǺϣġ
ԣǾвҪɱҡ֮С
Ҷȴ鵭Ȼź˫Լе߲֣ղŴҵĽ¾ңӣǲǷΥ˹涨ѽ
Ȼ۷ƣ˿ԷݣֵǣΧа͡
ǻϳƣϾ˼Ϊ򰵣еֶζԸ˹Ȼһӣǻ
һΧ֮УҲаҶ̫ˡ
УҶǳţУηΪһİ벽⣬ΪԼ޵˲ɣ
Ҫ֪벽еĲ࣬ɲһǰ㣬˵֮䣬ȫûпɱԡ
ֻһ벽;һЩ֪ߵغѽ
ԣҲ΢΢һƺԼû뵽Ҷڶ
Ҫ֪Ҷϼڣѹһͷǰľٶ
һССҶϼ󱲣ҹȻƣⲻܲʹеһ㵡
ع֮󣬲ҶһЦСһȻΪҶϼԺǵУһúõһģ
˵ûҶΪĪХңӽܣǳ״ļƻֻܿһֶ˴εĿˡ
Ҷģ鵭ĮȻսѹйҶϼϺĪҵ飬ҲˣɣֻҪҶϼ彫飬͵ΪֹȻҶϼҲһŵҪҶϼңһˣȫ͵ϺĪңǲȻǸҶϼ幫ȻҺڷ籤ΪˣлʲôҲ֪ġ
ı֮УԵұʵǿڷ籤֮
Ҷϼ֮УҲֻһϺĪʤһĶѣڷ籤ΪУֻºǡ
ڲҽѾͶϺĪҵ£Ҷȫ֮ſԱһ벽ʵǲڷ籤
ԺֺթоҶŭա
ʽȷʵûǿξ
ĪΪһҶϼǧҵ֮ˣ
飬һҵΪصҶĵˣȻǲȥġ
Ժ߷в޳ܵҪҶϼƺûѡȨ
Ҷĵ˵ֹϢ˴սˣȡڷ籤˲Ҳһܽܵ顣
ֻǾŹϺĪңӣҶȴǼΪʣңӴˣڣ١
СˣǲܵҶϼƲãԺҶϼڽϵţؽۿۡ
ҶȻ͵նɱңӣԺȴĴ˼ɡ
һ棬ûоԵİտʤԷǶԷĺڷ籤ҪҶϼʤһıƼ˺
ϺĪڷ籤ֶԸҶϼ壬ҶϼϾ·
нЩϸƽһ£Ҷȴ̾ϢһһӣȡƽϢյ¶ˡ
ɾʱȴҶһǳ˺ǰ棬һĻҶĵһвá
ҶֹҶ֮ʣȴѼҶһĨĻȣ¶һƵĳô磬սȡɣһᣬѵýҶϼ嵱ӣ󲻳ɣ
ȻȻֶԺȨ֮⣬ȴ˿ûΡ
⻰һʶҶϼٱſԵ
ԣɫֱðһ֮ңǿʮƣֱҶСһ٣ٶƱΪ֮ǰĻڸǿЦû챾ҪȡѹѹˣҶϼñ㷢ѪϴҶϼ塣Һڷ籤ڴЩ겻۹ֻѾǺڷ籤ֶΣС챾ÿ۹֪Һڷ籤׻ʲô³
⻰һ䣬һӣͬһ㣬ƺˣȻֱҶɱȥ
ҡҶɫ䣬һ仰Ҳ˵꣬¡
ǿߣ֮ǿԶǳλ벽ɱȣƾҶʱʵֻ²Уͻᱻնɱ
ҶѽҶҶϼδϣҶϼպ۹ĹؼҶɱ
һ֮䣬֮£ǳҶм䣬΢ֻһһֱӽ䵲
ҶģձɱӲɣ㵨ݹֱ顣ĳ䱻Ҷ֮ȴֱ˻ȥ
ֻҶĵĿ֮Уɭɱ۷ʦײʹϷƱɫбصĿҶٶƮ
ֻ֮΢ͷһ˿ʹΧߣ쳣ɫ԰ף׷׺ˡ
Ҷȴһգ
΢΢üͷҶĲŹֵα˶ŭΪΪҶϼһ󶯸ɸ꣬ʧݡɣΪƽϢ¶ˣҶϼԸȡֽںϣ֮£ʹΪֹ֪Ƿ飿
ЦһҶһۣŵȻãȻҶĿ˿ڣһ飬СղŶԱԲѷ⣬ȴӡ˵ĻᣬԶһۣȻ򱾱ͷϴ£ҹˣҶϼΪСٰһɥɣ
Զһۣ
ÿͷϴ
̵һһΧҲɫһ䡣
Ҷĵɫޱȣֳ裬ҶںҶϼҲܲˡ


327 ֮
ûҶĿڣٽŵСһһ޻תأҶģΪҶϼϵˣ¾ԼŰɡ
ۼѾ˵ҶϼΨѡ
һźĻȥѡ񳹵ڷ籤˺Ƥ
һʱ֮䣬֮Уһ־ԵţԵޱȡ
ΧߵĿ⣬Ҷϣ뿴ƽ߸ϵҶϼٱܷܴ衣
ߣл¶һ˿ֻɫ
Ͼܿһ߸ϵﱻһ߸ϵ裬һЩļǿ˵Ҳһǳܵ顣
Ҷϼ츳ȻԶͬ䣬벽⣬ǰ;治ǽһعˣֻ¾˵츳ˣҲûˡ
ٺ٣ϵĴʱҲвܹ֮ģҲǿˣǹĸͷϸɣ
ǰȻԶһۺһҲûʲôչҪȶСǿѽ
ʢڳʲô˲ǣǵƺǿˣѰ·
˵볰Ҷˮ֮гǡ
ȻԼż˶棬ȴܸоˣͳ˰ͷϴֻ¾ɱԼĴҲмΪ֮
ô죬ԼĴ粻еİһпܳ׻ˡ
ʱҶˮ¶Ȼ֮ɫһݣֱԾ˳ǽ֮£ʩһҴӣҲ¹ģֻ¾ɱҲȳġˮԸͬϴκڷ籤ٱ˵Ļ£¼޵ڷ籤ֻҪҴһƽϣһ·
ȻԺڷ籤ٱޱȣ˵ˣЩģ˿ΪҶҶˮҲֻİ취ˡ
ŶԸӦҶˣԣȴ΢΢һҶˮ¶һ˿Ц߹ñƣҵ뿴ҶеŮˣмɫ
Ҷˮԣԥһ£̧ȥ
ڴ˿ֱ̣ۣȴһֻĴ˻
Ҷˮ˳ֵֻȥ¶һ˿ɻ磬ʲô
һΪ¶Ҷνǹ¶һδζ֪Ϊ
˿̣ҶˮΪԼ֮ʣҶ֮Уȴһůʹָоĺܡ
磬չӵ˵һ飬ָоĺܺá
ҶˮҶЦҡͷСӣѵôǴǰ˵Ļˣ˵󲻹ʲôѣдǰΪ㶥ţСӵļ䣬ôôˣ
˵⻰Ҷ̧ͷֱźЦЦĺ֪Ǻڷ籤û򣬵׻һʲôĳ
⻰һ꣬ҶϵϢٶһ䣬ͬǱֱ𺳾졣
ͻȻƣ˿ںҶˡ
ҶƵıƬռʱγһ㶦ľ档
ķƶΪˡ
ͻȻһĻֱӾ˵Ŀ⡣
ҶϼҲһ
ϣ״¶֮ɫ
ôҲû뵽ҶѾ֮Ц֮ǰšвɱҡ֮е뷨
ϺĪҵļĪХоҶͻȻƣɫʱò԰ޱȡ
λʦ֮ҶͿһİ벽֮ҶΪֽεĿֲ뾪ˣ
ҶϼҲ̤֮һҶϼҲ򣬶һӵ˫ϵӵҶϼ壬¾ҲˣһֻϺĪҵǧҵҪһˣ
ĪХ뵽Ҳһ˿ںޣʵڲӦңӵðȻҶϼ嶯֡
ңӴ˿ҲľҶֻ¶λʦ£ԼѾĶ֡
˼ٶȱľ磬ԷҪɱԼ׾پͿ
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뵽ңӵҲһ˻̿֡
ҶҶĻһ֮һɷĵ׵Ŀϲ˲Ϯȫ
Ҷλʦ֮ʱ򣬾ܴңûл֮˿̳ΪôڵʵǱ֮ҶģֻҲѷɫ
һҶϼӵǿĸ߶Ǻڷ籤Ҳֻ֮˰ɡ
ҶĽҶĵĿҶɨ˿гޱȵİο
ȻҶϼƯô꣬ҲѾܽ˸߶ȡ
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ΪҶϼĶС㣬ҶˮȻ֪Ĵڣһкεȵá
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ԣСӴ˿̵ԴЩ裬Щֲ壬ǰһĻǲġ
Ҷȴ鵭ȻһϮӭڵɨϼһڻҪҪҶĳԶһۣڻҪҪҶĳͷϴ
ҪҪȴǽɷҶв֮ĻȴҲѹˡ
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Ǵ˿̵ҶѴﵽ֮ڷ籤֮⣬ֻ˿ƺҶˡ
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뵽Ŀ΢ɫҲƽˣͬΪķϣͷϱ֮£ҲᣬҶϼ뽫֮£и˽ᡣ
ҶԣȴֱЦҶϼȻ۹֮һĶǼϷǺڷ籤ΪҶϼΪѣҲֻܷ㵽ˡ
˵ҶĵĿٴĪХңӵ˵ɨ̬쳣ǿӲյĶսҶϼȡʤ֮ǰϺĪµĶԼϣϺĪһһӣԺҶϼרŵ˽ǼĸҵϣϺĪһ¡⣬ңһ¼ҶϼȻڽ֮նɱңһңӴˣȻҪΪ˸൱Ĵۡ㣬ҶϼϷҪһǵֶΣֵսҶϼҲϧ
˿̵ҶģΪҶĳ֣ϣǱǰδеϬ


328 ɱ
Ҷĵ̬֮ǿӲΪҶ֣ѾԾѹƺˡ
ʵռݾϷ֮ʣ̸еȻҲҪӦĸıˡ
ɫ˼㣬жҶϼˣɱǣڣȴ
ΪҶҶһ֣пܽԼ
Σյ飬Ϊһ֮Ȼȥ׳ԡ
οӵλҶϼ壬߶ǿǺڷ籤ˡ
Ǻڷ籤ַ棬ҪʤҶϼһûбҪҲǾԲԸҶϼˡ
ҶϼֻһλʱǺڷ籤ԽԷԵģ޼ɵҶϼκο
ڵҶϼ壬Ѳˡ
뵽ֱӿڵһ£ǾԲֵģڼȻҶϼλҲǿ󣬲ɽģˮǺڣ
԰գֻһӣصļڷ籤ĸ֣ѳߣɨҶһۣŴЩˣ֮вӰ
˹ȻΪһۣ֪²Ϊݸɾѣȷʵǳġ
֪գ֮ʱӦ㡣ңɫȻ԰ޱȣ˿Ҳ
ȥϺĪҲѱ£ͽ³֪
ңһΨƴһսſһҺϣҶϼѽϺĪѹƵĶá
ƣϺĪǾԲٳ滤ңһôҶϼΪὫңһ󻼡
ңһ£ȴңһĳԱ˷ݶȥûһ
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ңӿ˿룬ҶĪ࣬ȴǲȻһЦڲ֪ȿɻɻѽ԰գ¶Ȼ֮ɫԪͻȻһ󱩶
ֻ䡱һ졣
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Ҳɳ˸пԺͬеΣ֮ʱʦеԱַǻҲϰɡ
ʦԱܣȴǷͬСɣΪңϺĪҵӪ֮С
һǴںȦ֮УԱʱʹĪʧ塢ʦʮλʿ
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ҶΪʲôҪȶԷ뿪Ҷϼ֮ٶ֣Ȼǲϣ˿Ҷϼйء
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Ҷȴ𾪵Ļ£Լɱ﷭˴


329 ˷
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ˣ֪ģѾˣҲԷĵ·ˡⷬȫվʤߵĽŶ˵ġ
Ҫɱ˶֣ȴֶԷķڷǵģȫһֲ̬ʤ
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ԷĽȻӶĺȴе·
Ҷô̺ľ޽Ȼ˵һ˲䣬ҲƴɲǼ䣬һ
ֹû˿ȡɿԣΨ


330 ʽ
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ֻ˷ƺͿƲ⣬й취֮ܣҲԡ


331 ϵ
Щ͸ˮֱԼɱҶһߵʽأ˺˵ʥҶǻԼΪ
ʽأеһʩչ˳
һɫĹâͻȻҶб产˵ȴǶǡ
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334 
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ҶſЦСһӦ֪Ŀ֮˰ɣԿͬɽʯȥҪҪãҶϼҪΪһƬɳĮˡҾ˳ŴǰһΪҶϼɳĮȻϷĳϺĪڷ籤֮⣬ܻԽԽá
ҶһͷҶĵ飬ҲûеȷʵǾ紦Ϊ
ʱֻҶȡһУǰǿ֮Уеɳʱһһص˵档
һ̣쾧ʯķ绯֮ܣƺʧˡ
ҲǸɽ֮зֵģһ˵֮У绯֮磬Ҳֻµʱ䡣һʱڣ֮ûܸϵоͻʧȥЧãʱҲָ绯֮ܣǷҶǣµ·̣Ѿûжʱˡ
ҶĽϵݵҶǰȻ˴ɳĮ֮УҶΪ֮ˡ
ԴˣҶҲûлؾܡ
һÿʮ꣬ųһΡ
ÿһΣɳĮ֮УֲĻԵ
ʥܣҶǷǳȵġ
˴ɳĮ֮УҪ󲻸ߣֻҪܵõһ˷Ϳˡ
ҶߵҪǱɳĮֻ֪̽˶Ͷ׳հ۹⡣
ÿһɳĮ֮лֲĻԵ
ɰɳĪ֮Уͽʥ
һȡʥˣɽժʮǰɳĮһ߶ڣõһѡңȡһµ˷
˵֮Уǧ֮ǰңһλ½Уǰ⺣֮̽ʱңҲͬһͬʧããС
ɴص㣬ȴǳɳĮλʧ٣ӦɳĮ֮еɳħйء
ڶҵõʥģһʽ֮һʯۡ
ʯȻҲֻһµ˷ɾ˵ֻҪʯ֮һգ˶ڶʱڻʯͷ
ȻʱһȣΪʯͷˣͻָ
ɴҾǲԴҲĵڴսʱͻȻֱʯͷȻֻж̶̵ʮ룬ֻҲǹԷɱʮˡ
ȻǶȣǿƺҲǿԿʯ۵칦Ч
ڵʥһ߽˷ǰȼߵһʥ
˵֮ϣ֧ѣɷֲ˼ĹЧ
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ҶγɳĮõһ˷ȷʵ˸еһ
Ҷнӵ֮ڲǿƴСľʯ
⾧ʯڲȴǳʰɫƺʲô
Ҷ΢΢üȻﲢһ򵥣Ӧ䲻Ѱ֮
ɳ֮еЩڣҲὫﵱɳǵͼˡ
Գһ£Ҷųһ˿öڲ̽ȥ
δҶɫһ䣬ԥ˶һ˿Ŀơ
һ̣ոշųǱ˸ɾ
֮ʱʼգûз仯

ҶΪʵޱȣɼˣֹ֮ʱûа㷴֮
ҪǸղϷһ˿֮ѭԴͷֱҵĵǺֻǲ
뵽ҶɫЩѿ
ҶĿҶϵ飬ҲüǽɳĮƾ裬ǰ·ϣ˳ᣬȰǱҪҪǰ
ףİɣ棬ȻѾ䵽ҶϼУҾһʧˡҶٴ̽һ֮󣬲Ž֮˻С
Ҷĵ˵ͷȻ׼һ£춯ǰѪɣ
Ҷ˵ͷû˵ʲôʩȥˡ


335 ˷
̫һǣ۹ϱߵһǼУͬʱҲҶһǼǳء
ӷҶǰ۹׶̫һǱؾ֮ء
õҶڵվһ˶Գˡ
̫һǵʱǰѡ˸ջ˽š
峿
֮ϣһƬ
޵ѵ绹񵤣Ҷվڽֽ䣬Žɫֽɨһۣ㶪˿ռ֮У֮ɫ
Žֽ˽ġ
һŹڡ޵˵ָ壬ĵ
ĵ֮ŮС
ֽ˵⡰޵ʱһϹŵҩ
ļأǽ޵޵޺ͬʱ̷ôӵб޵ˡ
޵ĹЧʹ˱ޡ
ȻǰߣȻ̷޵޺˵ʱûתΨһ³Ǳ
Ȼ񵤽˱ޣȴӵ޵츳иΪҪǣǽӵޱȵ
޵˳ĵط
ϣ޵ʮϰٱ
ЩԪϹΪĵط
ֻǣϹΪ֮ĵҩ䷽Ҷȴǿɬ
Ҫ޵ǰǵҵһö޼޺ˡ
ޣܹ񿹺Ĵڡ
˵ڵ½û޵ӰˣУҶҲжԶӶԶ
ƾڵΪȥޣûʲô
޼޺֮⣬еĻζϣҲ쳣֡
һǡ컯ݡݣʵҶǰԹǶеõġݡֻǴӡݡ컯ݡȴٻҪʱпܡ
һζȴѵˣ澫飬һֽ뾫ޣŶֱ״ѩһּĵط
Ȼ޵ʵ棬ʱյ츳һݣû˿׷
뵽ҶԭҲȴ
ǲϾȫûе£ֶΣҲƳ޵
ζϵпŪ޵޺ˣҶԼţҲûտŪȴ˵еĴڡ
˿ռ񣬽޵䷽˽뿪ͻȻüͻȻ̧ͷǰȥ
ϢǼٵİɣһĲŵ
пģϾеһֱܺáһӽŵ
Ϊʲô˷ϣҪ֪меİôԼţ󺺵
ӦòԼģǱġ°Ͳ²
ôõĶϧԵЩεߣˣҲ̾ϢˣҲڶЩʲôˣǵõˣûû֪ˡ
Ҫʼˣȥȥ󺺽
ȥȻȥͲܵõȥҲðĴɲ١ӵ
ԼǲҲȥˣȻԼҲֻ֪ǿŴӽԶȥıӰҶ
ˣԼҲûȥˡᣬҶǺܸȤģ˵ϵƷǺģÿԼʶһ
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һƱȻҪöңòƴ׳ҶҲʹ˺һᡣ
֪ԭԼĻֻͨϯλ볡ƱһЩߵϯλǮҲ͸ߡ
ҶȴǲЩȺеȴĿʼ
ΧǴ඼ŹʵķΣԴʾԼĸ㣬¥ϵĹƣĵ١
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Ҷ˽ⲻ࣬ǻԼоһ޵֮С
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޴ˣȻ˹سˣ԰
ŵΪегɸ˻ˣǰԭɣñŵһ˿ͬѰζһͳӴĴǲ١
ʲôⶼҰ
ڵŵʱſڴ߽һȺˡ
ǰǸˣһɫװҲܰףƫݣʱЩѿʲôΪ֮¡
һȺУȻһϤףǰͨӶưɼǸˣԱվһŮ
ްӣӣǣǣôˣ죬룡
ŵﷺֹһС峤ԳݣٲμᣬÿֻЩǰû뵽ξȻ˶۹ӵܣܲԾ
ҵõϢ˷ϲμˣްֱ˵ŵʵ
ǵģֻ˽׵ġԷеĲƣǳԹɫŵСĻص
ǺǣҲˣȻû˿˷ǽּĲ˷֮УӦÿԴ˷ǵȼٺ٣ܿͽġ
ȻްЦ£ŵȴе˺⣬˵ްǸˮ˫ϵ˵Ц˸о䣬Ҳ֪ﵽʲôȼˡ


336 񾺽
еҶͻȻǰһ֪Ѿˣֻû뵽Ȼ˶ҵӵܣҪ֪һƺרƺ۹ЩϵӵܵģǾŵļ嶼ûһ
ҲӦÿʼˡҶ
һ
ĸλʱѾˣǾͿʼɣϾⲻǵһˣл˵һƷǡ
Ķһöں棬ҶһβμӣÿһƷĵڿ
ƷԣܣƷĽ⡣
ᲨĽŵĿǰΪֹĳߵװһ˷󷨵ɫƤףĳ1005ҵļ۸ĵߴźڽò
棬һƷҪˣҶȼ˰ɡ̨ϵŮЩɵĺЦ
Ǻǣλ룬һȤŮЦĵһӣһ̴Ӹæһ̣иŰɫıɴ
˽׵˷ϡСĵĶ̣õ΢΢һƬ̺ʱڻ½֮ϣ׷ĶǷϣ޺ˣ龧鵤ȻЩҲø̶ȡ
ʯȻֻ˷ҲǱȽѵˡҶ֪ͬУӵ˷ٿʹԼʵ߶ɡջĺ촽΢΢³彿õó˹ͷЩ顣
ʯһȭͷСɺ֣ȻȻ󣬵ȷ˷ϡ
Ǻǣʯ۸һǧԪ飬ŶԪ飬λ۰ɣŮӺЦĿڳһȦͣ¥֮ϣǾҪ
Ԫ飿̨¶ʱ۷׷Ҫ֪ԪǶ龧ƣҵĶһȻֻһһ٣Ԫɲ˶ܶһġ
Ԫһݵһֻڹ塢ͨҲ˵ӵԪˣǴݵˡ
ͻȻ˵⡰˷ϡֻԪ򣬿ܾǿٹˣ̧ۣҪһЩ֪Ѷ˰ɡ
ǧŮӵĻ䣬˺˼۸
ǧӼ۵

ڵļ۸񲻶ϵķڣֻƬʱ䣬ѵһǧĸ߶ȡ
ٴγƬ̣ͬʱ¥һдһһ򣡡
һ䣬᳡еǰһЩޱ飬ֻþɥ˻ȥǿûʵˡ
ٺ٣ް£㲻Ѿһ˷ôôʯ⣿һЦһд˳
㣬ѵ˻˷ôް뷿е˲·ֱЦ
ҲõǸСҲǿں򣡡
򣡡
ʮӵʱ䣬ڳ˾㵵ĿУ˾Ȼͬʳһ㣬۸̧һԪĽλǴˣǮûһ˿֮С
򣡡
ȻһĿⶼȻתƵڵǸ䡣
ٺ٣㿴ǶʯڱصðްЦ
ҪǣҾԲٳۡķд˳ߣʮ򣡡ްһ
Ǻǣް£ʯˣȻʧܣԵʮֵĸˣ¶ֻ
ްӳʮԪ飬ɻ˼ӼۣƽĳУŮ΢Ц
Ȼ˼ӼۣǴʯްӹ£ûӦŮҲǼþգǶ
ʮԪ飿ճһĻҶզզ࣬ЦЦһЩܼӣ൱һңһ˼Ҳľ޶Ƹ
˷ȻޱȣۣǴ󳬳ļֵվӣҡҡͷ߳
ȻвԪ飬ҲӻʮԪ飬ֻҲΨе۹ǼõóһǼּܲľġ
ҾˣǸȹ󣬶۹Щһֻ¶
Ȼһ۹ҲһˣҲ뱻ӵϣðȻ
۹֮УȻϡޱȣָ֮һ٣һλ汻ʶϣʮ֮˾ŻᶪԼС
Ҫ۹÷ˮҲóΪһʡ
ڵԼŬɣ½ʵϣȻѾﵽ磬ԼһСĿܾͻûʵŵʱҶƽ


337 Χɱ
̫һ⣬һɭִľطȻŨʮֹ
ȫڵˣڵҲֻһСƬյأҶ㡣
õ⾭üƬ
ҶڤţȻдһǿֱִӳԼ
Ȼ֪ǺǽƾоǿԼǿ϶˵Ľ
Ҷ־ŭȻ˫ۣȻһݣһ´ڵʮԶһ
ͬʱһɫĹԭĵطֱӴ䵽ԶɢҶɫ
˭Ҷվľϴŭ
Ȼ˰죬ȴһ㶯ҲûУǺǰԶ޺𲻾ڶ
Ҷ΢侲ǰСȥ
Ȼ߽ˣǰ龰󣬲ɵĿɿڴ
Ϊǰ澹ȻȺս
ԷΪһĺˣһȴˣ˷ϵްһˡ
սȴȫĳһ浹ƣްһȻֻˣȴĸﵽ磬жӵз
һȻʮߣ߶Уȴֻﵽ磬һҲûУǿ˺ϻ֮һˣްһˡ
ֳʱʱͻֵָĹͲ䵽ҶǸһģһֻǵĹɫ˲ͬԪ
Լǲ㱻Ǹ˵ģҶ
ЩްӵɱԽԽ٣ҲһЩʼܲסеĿ־壬ʼĴ
Ȼ˭ֻҪһ˵ĺϻȦͻްӵ˴ɱھҲûˣ˻˼ۺ󣬶ӶԷпһ˿˿η֮ɫ
ҶڰյɭУҲĿɿڴ
ƺһʱ̣û˷ֵĴڣǵҲֻ˶ѣ
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ֻǼʹҪߣԷҲռϷʱװݣǴڽ֮䡣
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ްӵһ䣬¶ʱӿĽĲֻн׷׽ԼĶֽһĿնɱȥ
ҸλɢͻΧɣҶ˼֮ʣǼλԭȻЭˣھ޴в£һɢˡ
ΪʣĹˣӲȥҲֻ
ԻһɢͷÿɿЩ
Ȼõһһ׷ϻɱҲпһʱ׷ӵü
ΪȫɱһҲܷŹްһӣһǰһ󣬷ֱ׷ɱһɢ֮ˣһնɱ˺
мѾɭӰˣ˻ްӵԱߡ
һնɱǴﵽ⣬ʦҲͬ˳ȥȫ˺ۣҪָ²һʱеˡ
һվʱɭԶԶķɶݶȥգۼʧɭ
ްվڵȴ˿ûۿǵԶȥûһҪ׷ϵӣ
ҶӲЩŹ֣λղĺӦòôŹǲŶԣѵʲô֣
Ҳ²֮ʣǰȻްӱĻ㿴ôʱϷǲǵȵ̵ĺʱˣó˰ɣ


338 ʺ
ҶһһȫºֱðԼôԶһԼϢôˣѵʲôƨӵʶô̬
뵽ɵĸ˿ĭᵽɤϡ
΢˼ºҶɵϴɭԶݶȥʡɱ
óɵߴϣжʱٴһްӵľٶⷬ˼ˡ
ްߵת򣬲ָڵķ򣬶б˲ԶһƬɭС
ҶԾزҧסԼͷ
ȻеҲڴ˵أ޲
ֻƬľһƬӿǺǣǿɲʲộˡЦɭд
ȴҶʶһǡ
ֻǲĴ˳ŮӲ
ߣҿɲҺֵܣ˵ղһ˺ûһϵ𣡡ްߵ
֣ԩֵˣҲֻ۹;ȤЩ̰֮ӵȤζˣҿû͸¶Ŷһεްԩˡ
ӵȤζû͸¶ҵݣҿİɣҪ͸¶ҵݣǻ˻Ҵҵ𣡣ްߺ޵
Ŷҵ죬ԩǼСôҪ޴ӵ죬Се
ôģӦöеٴҲȻްÿһۣеĳ˽
ȻްִҪôΪҲû취ˡװģ̾Ϣ
㣬ߣްȴҲģתԱߵŮʵӿô쵰һ𣿡
ԼһûסԼǰʧ
ӿֺҶͻȻһɻòԼϵǸδްɣѾͷúѪܵҰĵطʲô
ҵ鲻ܣӿĿд
ǺǣްǲǺܶʼҰްӳԱȻܸˡ
ߣʼ㣿ˣҪΪӿһʲôŵģʲôҶްοݣҶӿʲôǷ֮벻ɣ
Ȼû뵽ްӻô˵ʱӲҭһʱˣȻҲһҵĴүλѷɫˡ
ӿѵҲΪʯǵĻ˵һ¾ˡްһӣʱǿŵʯϣӿǰ
ްȻҲпռ洢Ʒֻǲ֪ʲôط
ǡӿƽĿһʯҡͷ
ҪҪһȥϾڵ̫һǻҵĺܣѱð㡣
ˣͬţӦûʲôˣҴǵ⣡ӿҡҡͷȻ
ӿѵҾûһôӦ֪ҶȴްҲܲӿƽı飬̲ס˵
ס죡ӿɫһ䣬ŭ
ȻްӸղҪ仰ӿĽɡ
ȴһμްӳԱ̲סĴЦֱһᣬָްµղ˵䲻ϣûе쵰ȻҲ⣬Цˣ
ӿԲңŶˣʯ㡭ްһʱ֪룬æʯӿȥ
ҡӿҪܾء
顱һһӰзӶֶްֵʯһָӿ֮ϣͳɭȥ
ʯȻǶҪ͸˼ҰɣŮҲǸĺ¯ϷҲһˡһĹЦɭ
ͻȻıʣް£һˣʧ룬һʱ䣬ľ֪Ǻã
ͬҲŬСʱЩҶ˾㵣
벻쾹Ȼô¹ʷ
쵰ǻվʲô׷ȥ㣬ް»عɫ䣬Ȼŭʱָ׷ȥ
ҶűӿЦһҲϢ׷ȥԼϵδޣҲܼȰɣ
㣬ްµ˴żУҺ󣬲ľŨ쳣䣬صûתͨУǰһξѾʧȥ˵Ӱ
ô죬ҡȥѪѲӿӰһɫ԰ף
Ȼѡ˸򣬴Լ£ãĿִ
ҲҪҵʲôô󵨣ȻѪĿ֣ްµĿһۺһȻʹһѰȥ


339 ս
ǰʮһӰٶȼд
Ҷˣ˦ЩʱͶһȫ׷٣֪ù־Ȼ˵Ӱˡ
Ǹ׷ߣɢĳϣһϣסͻ𣬳֮ȫѪɫ촽ѣһӷǳˡ
ʵ𡭡ӸоԼǿ˲֪٣˵ԼǲӦ׷İ
ȻϢȥǿκΣʱǿʱٶҲֻԼôһ˿Ҷ֡
ѵͷٶԼϸһҲԣûҪô鷳ͷʵȫԻعԼ
Ҿһʱ׷٣ҶҲͷϢҲڻҸԭ
ʱǰͷҲ֪Լ˸ˣͻȻȫ١ֻŲƣͲӰ
ףȥˡոСٵҶͻȻͷŲ󣬾ͲӰˡ
ͷԼѵҰٺ١Ҷߵͷղʧĵطűеƨ뵽
Ӧе㲻ܰɣҶԼǳţҲԼĲее㲻˼顣
ɲܹҰѾˡȷĲͷӰҶε̾Ϣ
ǰ˼ʮ׺󣬻Χ泤ݴȴԼֵҶе֣ѭȥ
Խǿһ֣Խòƺĳֶʲô˵Ķڴ
߽ݴһҶס߰˸ߵĳݣŵȥȻ˶ڵϣֻסͷкɺɳȻ沿飬ӱȾ亹ͷڳܼʹࡣ
ӿԱһ鲻ԶĲݵϣ⣬ڵȫãȻͷסȫ硣
ٺ٣ԭͷϿ϶ʲô⣬ҪȻҲ÷ԼˣڻһģҶЦļתԼһȫ׵ѩĳ۳ʵ
߳
һƷ紫ڼѹԼ۵ͷȻһ̧ͷһԾҶ͵ϮκΣҶһʹȫ
ͷֲʹּȵأҽһͬŵڵƵķգͬʱҶеĻ꽣ͷ
һ·Ѫɰ׺ͣ
ҶҲվͷԶͷϵʯ󣬰˿ĵӦ˰ɣ
ߵӿ⿪ͷµĽƣվ𡭡
Сģ
ѹӿͻȻҶ󣬴е
ҶӦñȽϿ죬ӿһУ֪²ȫ˫֮ϣӿұѸһ͵ʮɿ⣬һɢҫ۵ɫڸղվ֮ը
ӿ󣬾ֻͷѪȫ˸ȻˣؿڻѪע·Եħɭ£˫Ŀ⣬³ݲ壺㡭С֣죬Ȼ͵ϮңС֣Ҫңɢ
Ҷͷģȫ˸
ģѵǲ֮Ҵ̳ܻʱҶٴҲȫֱð
С쵰ɱңߣ֮ءͷһ·Ѫҡҡλε˹ݺݵ˵
㻹ʲôҵĴôܣҶعֻӿվɫ԰ףѪͷȻҲסˣҶʱһ
šŶллңܸ˭һᱨġʱӿȻ˹Įɫߵ
ãҵĿֻ˳㡣Ҷеʯƽ
ô˵һᱨģСˣˡӿǸɴֻ֪࣬Ҷ˵󣬾Ͷɭ֮С
ֱӿӰʧҶź˿Ȼ񲽲ͷ
¡¡СӣȻҵ˵¯ˡͷһЦ
ݡ
һٶȼҶ
ҿʾĸ֣ôô̬ӴˣôôǿҶȫһԾԼǽ䴩ľƵ
СӣٶȲ𣬸¡¡ȻܶҵĹοô㡣ͷһ࣬ұһӣγң㻮һ
ͷһг֣ƽ棬ʵȴѽҶǰѨȫס
ҶȻľ֪ͷʵԼǿϲ٣ŶһУ
䡣
˫ʵȻһ죡Ҷף⡱ѪȻܴᣡ
СӣΪֻгλ磬ô֮󣡡ͷҲɫһ䣬ȴԭز
ҪֻһλΪŲϲˣӰˡҶĵ
ҶҲһֻ̾ôɱͷͷתȥ
ڣѾͷӦѾԶ˰ɣҶԼεĿѾﵽҲ⡣
ͻء
ҶǳһͷҲȻȣ
ء
ӰٿطֿһɭзӶȥ
ͷСүˣһˣҲˣŵɭд
쵰СӣҪۿҶʧԼ׷ϣŭһһӡԡԱߵľŭһʱľɡ


340 ˷
̫һǰһĽҰ˿ʹӳһ²ȱΧǽΧǽ棬뻨䣬ȤȻ
Ǵ˿ȴ̲ð·ׯ԰Ѻܾû˾סˣ
һӰգɳ۶룬Ĵת˼ת󣬱Ѱһط¡
Ҷٰͷûֱӽ̫һǣ丽˴ķѾõׯ԰Ϊʱ֮ء
һȻͷȥҵԼȻԼߣѱ䲻ϳǹʱٳֵĺá
ڶǺǣԼı˷Ȼ˲ϣʱʱûгֵıУʱ̫ˡ
͵͵šҶһǿʯУû뵽ⶫȻϣ
Ĺ⻪Ȼֻ˷ڵԼҲѾˣǺǣ˲̫̰Ҷ׵ġ
ҶϸĽ˷֮лһߡ
֮ߵ֮ΪԴϣʡ
֮ȻĴ½ѾʧǵõϹҩʦеҶȴǲڴƾˮƽ˵취طһ˷ûʲôġ
ȷûʲô¶ҶͿʼ״֮á
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Ҷһָһ֮𲻶ϵע뵽ʯ棬û˿ͣ͡
緢֮ȼţ޳ʯʣҶ֪̲̫
ԼСʱ˶Ѿʼ΢΢Ȼȫעųƾžŵס
˲ú󣬻ʯڱ۽ΪһҺ壬ʱҶ죬ģԺҲ
ƻûнҺ廹ű仯ɫɺɫɫת䣬Һ˿ʼ˱Ρ
Ҷϵб仯̬һɫĽʼΣڷѾԼһ㾫п뼸󷨺󣬲صĺ˿۾
ĥ˰Ȼûкϴһ˯˹ȥҲԶˡҶһƣ
һƮԼǷŵâĳҶҲɵһϲ
һӣͨġ콣õ֣㡰ಡһɵС
ٽһӣһһɶ೤Ľջ
䡫ǰǽѳɵ룬пƽûһëס
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ȻǺöֻûܰͻȻһЦҶͷ죬һӰѹ
Ҷ¶һ˿ĪЦ⣬֪֪˵˵Ĵһ㣬ͻȻһΣԾʮɿ˵͵Ϯ
Ҷһ䣬ɾ䣬ڱصõһȻҶ˹ȥһ䵽ϣҲ׷ǿҶЦСӣ㲽أֻľʶ࣬˷һԷһ·
Ҷһۣ΢΢¥һڲסĿЦ㵹ɵĿɰѵΪһֱûзĴôٺ٣СүֻĶֶѣû뵽ԼɵɵĳǾֻ·ˡ
ԭʩչݣڰҶ֪ϢĹҲΪҶ֪ڸȴ֪ϸλֻװɲ֪һζ˷
ʱ˷һɣԼװĹȣ˳
Ҳ֪һ˷ضıʱᣬʱڣһֱţҶȫʣ޼ʱ˼ȫ͵Ϯָһɱ
ֻҶһ⻹û˷Ϳֵȴ֪Ҷ꣬ͬߵģԣ㲻ʲô
һʧܣǰơ
ͻȻҶͻȻȫϢɫ䣬һְأȵԪܡשȻһڰ͹ܲ͸ļڡ
ԭǸڵϵߣҶЦһҲһ꣬ҶƮ˵Ԫǰ
Ȼһŭһһƹ⣬һǽڣǽѣųΪ
ҶЦһЩŲʣһ콣һֱǰԪܣ׵
ֻͷһеˣ죬ԼƣȴأԶ˶վڵϣϾ
תδǰתǰδеʹӿ«ʯУŤ£ѼȻȥ
ԭҶȫת콣ɨпǰԪܣ˭սס˳б£һǿ߽سΣֻ̫죬ִ͵Ľ˷ַа壬գ谭ǹ֫ضϣҲδʱоʹ
֮ɱˣҶҲĸ죬һֻûʹùֽ˷ܺܺõգ˷ֵĹܣǸùļһҲ벻ԪΪʲôû˿á
Ϊ֮ˣҲȡҶ˵ʬһۣͻȻ΢һҪһ㣬һھѪ絽콣ϣѪһӴ콣̷ɿĶУӰ١
ھѪʱҶЩȻԪ֮ȻֻһҲƣĸоȴ˷֮顣
ⴿ͵˷ûʱôһȫ»Ӳ٣Ȼ˵࣬£ûгʲôˡ
һ˷ֶΣҲһˣ
һкҶŷãȫãͻص̫һǡ
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оѪС°ȻѾ˾ȳѪп϶ôˣ˵ѾһѪӰ̫һ׷¡
һʱ䣬̫һǵһЩΣͬʱ֣˲Լͷϡ
ҶԴ˵ûôں¼ҹһеĿģǰѪֻҪʱСĵ㣬Լ˷ϵ鱻֪ǣȥˣ
ҶԼؼƻʱ䣬ͻ뿪̫һǣ㵽ʱﱻֵ췭ظҲʲôˡ
صԼ֮ǰסǼӶɣּһЩ󣬾Ϳʼȥ߹ֵӶֻ鿴ûн뿪̫һǵŶӻ֮·ȫϵҪϲ١
Ͼ̫һǿɲô̫ƽһҲðȻ뿪ѱϵĳǳء


341 
ͨӶɴҶСϵĲˮ̸
иͷһЩǼҶˣӶֲʿǴﵽʿΪÿʮңʦΪһңΪһǧҡкܶ˶ˣ磬ȥȥһӶԼԱߵһƤ׳˵
ȥôȥģ̫һҲе㲻̫ƽˣ뿪ĺã׳
ҶЦ뿪˹ȻӶֻиƸᣬڼУһƸ˶ʮٶˡ
ڶ죬Ϊ˵Ϣ󡣸Ǹˣ˵һǿҲˡ
ѾǵˣӶֲĴڶվˣ϶ʼ˳ӡ˳棬ƸԱòƸֳ֡
Ӵ֮๤ĻԭطС
ˣòƸص档
Ƹ졣
ʱ䣬Ƹ˰˰ٶˡ
״ԭһ̫һȷʵƽ뿪뿪һǵѡ
Ǹɱ޷ģÿ͵Ķʮ㹻һСͥʳá
ҶҲһ飬ͳ΢˽һ³׼ȷʱصҶͻصͨӶưɣ
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֪̫һĶһЩ̻ӦҲСɣΪʲôҪһЩΧԱ뿪Ҷɻʵ
ٺ٣ҾͲ֪ˣҲֻǴһЩյˣڴ󺺼һʵ
Ŷûˣл˰Ǻǡַ΢ЦĴл
ȥ۶ţνˣǺǣѪڳǳ۶Ҳͬһ򡣡Ҷĵ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦʶչǴЦأǾԼҪˣҪң򡭡
ǣ첻Ը
٣ǰǸСӣүվסҲ𣿡һԶҶ뿪Ĳ˻
а̾ϢһΪʲôôϲԵͷ󣬲ܱʵתĿȺԽԽӶ
ȺӶͷˣһλž޴󽣵Ĵ󺺣ҶǱĿⶢһͣЩһȱֹһŭĸоĵðԼıԵУôĹȻᱻһͨ˵Ŀˣ
Ҫ˳ȥԼôӶ졣
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˵ʲôҶ͵̧ͷڵͫһ˿ĹâǰĴס
ÿµ񣿡󺺻һļݺݵһϵĺëĽ岻ĺˮʪˡ
Һ˵ҶĿ³
ǣЩͣԴת죬Ѹٵת˻ͷǺǣҿӳкǺǣˣӳǵǱߣָ㿴ģ
ŸЦѵĴ󺺣Ҷ΢ƣŶûˣǿϳˣ
æ㶯ͷ­ǺǣǵģǵģϾҪˣӳϳˡ
Ҷĵ˵ͷת˴ָӣһɫЩεĴ󺺣ԭ
һƵϵ¹һţȴ¹ǿ׳ʮֹ¹ǷڹâԼжߣһĨϣΪһҰС
رƤ죬Ҳʮֿ²ú󳵶Ӿͻ·ˡ
һĴϣһӿٵǰޱ߼ʵĻڵˣҶִ򿪳ʵ
ӳʱҪˡҶԱߵǴæ
ǡҶָ棬ૣͱۣ˼״̬
ǰУ·;ϵûʲôķ粨һжƽ
̻յİ˰ٶӶ⣬䱾ٶ˵̻ỤΪҲﵽʦ塣
һǧٵӶ飬࣬һΣϾǴпսʿ˴˷ֹȷ


342 һȺ
ǿӶţȻʵߣȴҲµκǿߡҶҲΪɵһǻ̻ЩĬжѻȸ֮ϵӥصɨš
̻ᾹȻ治ΪʲôҪʵԵһӶҶĵ
еҫգһĹҡ֫ȥʧڵཻһߡ
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ûмߣΪֻҪ΢е㳣ʶ˶֪Ұ⣬ҹòҪߣǲбޣϲûʱȻûЩж࣬Ҳɽ֮ӣԭĻĵأӵСġ
Ҷ򿪳˳ҹ罫Ҷķ˿Ʈɣ¶ǳڵͫס
Цһҽ㣬Ʈȥת۱һĶ㣬ӭһɡ
ףתعͷǳ֮мãʹվҶ۾΢΢һУͬʱҲɻ
ôˣôĵƻû˲ҪϢ۾΢΢һɨڵԼӰ
ţҶڼĳƮ֮⣬СĿ˸϶ȥ
ϷһλߣЦݣؾǻ̻ε֮ˡ
վˣӦĻ·ϣȴʮ󺺣ϢʮֵǿѾһֻſʾļһʾôһ㣬ƽŰ·վʮҲĸ֡
ҹۻᣬǷǼ鼴ĹˣҶĵ
ˣ϶֪ԼѾУ鷸Ƶİ񰸣ȻΪԼԩ
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һȺӣ񾭲ڵһǽ񾭲ҽԺϣȻҪۼ޵⣬ҪСүȥڻңߣСүߡҶĵһתͻصԼǰĳϡ
ǾԲȥģۼȻ֪жôı̬֪ǽﵽʾǸϲ󣬻Լֻߣһۼܾһð
дŻ㣬Ҳž㣬ɴãзգ𳤷һӰٵĴһ֮зԾ֮ϼ㣬ת۱㲻Ӱ
ԼҲڳֽԼĴʮ£֪ôѡǵˣ
Ͼۼ̣ǿ˲õĶǳӵ˿ѷɫ˵⣬ӵŴԶһֱļ䡣
Щּ޵ûƿֻҪʱ㣬Ǿܴﵽ֮
Ҫ֮ûûлԵûиֱ︨ĻһҲﵽ硣
ۼ޵ֻ̣Ҫʱ㹻ܹɴﵽ֮
һջ˶ó
ӵһͷۼޣһûƷûҲڶ̶̵ʱڣһԾΪǼĳ
ͷۼ޳һ۹Ҳûпܵ顣
Ͼ۹ҲֻеĴǼ
һһĻᣬһˣֻ֪Ҳȥһġ
ҶٲԼȥģͷ޴ʱ֮󣬿ͻɥ޵ϡ
һͷۼޣ뷨ǳˣǲֻ֮»һпɵڼ䣬κͼ飬ֻ¶һ
ۼޣǰһֻ¶׻һǳء
ƾ̻Щˣȥһͷۼ̵⣬治֪ôдġ


343 Ϯ
ҹɫ뿪̻֯Ҷڲԭת˴ҹʱҵһ¶С򣬽Сĳһ٣˯һһҹƣͣڶ峿ҵڻƣʵͷں󣬱뿪˿ջ
һСʱҶλСЧⲻԶˮۿڣǰͺϲˮϲˮֲ׳ϲˮ˽Զˮ콻ӴһˮĴʯҶɵˡ
ôҲû뵽һС֮⣬Ȼôһģ˺۵شӣʵ֪Ŀǰֺӵ½ǲʲôӵҪҪĺӵ½ĺȥˡ
½ޱȣǣ֮䣬ǧյأ򴦴ǣ½֮Ҫ໥ϵûбĽͨߣ¾󲿷ֵطôڷ״̬ӵھȴǽһֶΡ
еĵ𺶣Ƭ̣Ҷ㵽˽ͷֻ緫ΦЩ洬֮ϣƴ̡
һҼҶװ磬֪ҪԶһλڵĺӭǰЦ͹Ҫô
⴬ȥҶĺڴһۣڵ
ڴ󺺻æ⴬ֻߺӾСֱҶǣ͹Ҫ£ǰ۶ĻҲȳ˰ĴٵҶ֮󻻴
ĴֻСΪΣҶһڴĴϰףʮףľ޴ʹߴȫûʲôⰡ
ڴ󺺺ٺٺЦе㲻˼̲ںˮӷһں֮ˮӵŪͣ˵һຣЩײޱȣٲƽɫɱ˷Ż޶԰ִ򲻸յġ
֪ҶҪǮڴ󺺵Ľ˵ҶЦ
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һöҶҶ˵ҲǮֻ뿪Ͼ˲С鷳Ҫڵͷ׷ԼͲˣнһȡһöңݸ󺺣ǰɣ
ҳöңһ΢΢е𱬵⴬Ұˣ
Ҷ΢΢һ˵ΪҲǲһͻǿߡ
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ڴ󺺶һ˫۾ֱֱĿҶϣ⡣
һǧöҶ˵˾䣬ڴĿɿڴıУתĵǴ壬˴
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Ҷֱߵշ򿪷ߵ棬վڴϣ΢΢ˣů˵һڴζĿԶˮ콻֮ɵˣĸܣǺþöûˡ
ףǼһôڣҶͻȻһתͷǸ췢껹ֱֱվںӰߣԼڵҴֻ
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ҶûʲôҪ˵ˣڴ󺺽Сķ뵽һƤ˸߲ҵˡ
ιǸͷ췢ģ˳·ബڴߺҶͻȻͷŶĺ췢
Ҷ֮˱Ƚ˳ۣƢȻ˵㣬ϵԪػԭ򣬶սʧܺҲûֳʲôƵľٶȻˣԼֺγԲһԸˣ⴬ҲǴĿԣںôˡ
ҶǺ췢һ㶣ϴϵСӣ˵Ҫ𣿡Щ˷ܣҲŵ⡣
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ŶˣˣĪҰӦһܿߵͷ˴ѸٳҶڵķ˹
췢ĪҰҶȻִͷ۹۴ɺذɫָ㽭ɽ΢΢һ㶣ǽЦʵ⴬ȥҶǵģҲȥҶô
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ҶͷĪҰɫ΢΢һ䣬ǺܿͻָѵҲΪǼȥģ
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ʲô֪Ȼﴳ췢ĪҰԼǰꡣ
ôôҶ΢΢ɢһϢĪҰϵһӵʵʲôطǲȥġ
ҶɢϢһ̣췢ͱɫˣôҲû뵽һᣬƺδɵСһȻӵűԼǿΪѵԼ˵еˡ
ҶǺ𣿡Ҷ΢Цſź췢꣬һܺƵӡ
ɸռʶҶʵĺ췢꣬ҲСˣû˿ĵ˵죬ǳ죬ҴСҶǳ󣬶һһľָƣֵܣϴò˵һʮǵ£
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ˣˣˡһҵ·ˮڵĲֿдҲҶ˵
췢ĪҰͷҶ૵ֵܣղ˵ʲô
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Ժ󵽴һۿڣһ㱨һ¡˵仰Ҷᣬת˴Լķ䣬ڴ֮ϱĿȥˡ
ʱҶڤУȻȹ
˵Щ춼ѵõĺˮϷƽ˾ڿ󣬴û̫𵴣ڤҶֱӳ˷䡣
ˮϷӭ洵˺òˬץסˣŰãˮ棬мǧ׷ɣˮУϼ
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ʲô̾ϢġҶعͷһЦЩ̣ӣ·طΪñҪ̰Ҫиۡ
ȻҲá췢국ȻһЦ󣬿Ҷֵܣ˵һ˻᲻ǿأ
ƺϰҶЦЦ
ĪҰٺЦϣ˵׼˭˭ء
ƾʵҶЦҪϵˣ类һȭҽŴ
˵ΪĪҰࣺСӣȻһţҲ̫ˣ½䣬ܴﵽ⾳Ҳǲ࣬ԣףʲô
ĪҰ˵ͻȻͣ͸ããˮǰȥֻǰڵԽԽ󣬺ܿͳʻ˹
ͷĹͷ˵ʲôҶعɫĿ˺췢һۣû뵽㻹һѻ죡
һĹ򣬺ڵһҺڰСƺͿʹ¥޴ĺɫ緫ϻһ޴ĺɫͷͷͷ
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췢ɫҡͷ
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344 
ȺȻǹ߷ȻͨˣһŲ֣һϵĻǿߣҲԲ
οҶлʮαʦʦļһͬʱΧԼûаܳԵ¡
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һźڲĶĿʮںʹ棬Ҷʶһչڴ뺣̸
λˣңǴʵûʲôŹСɣұ֤κˣἰµġڴȻԼʲôϥ˵
ŹǣĿʲôЦĴЦЦʵĴţүѹǰι㣬ǰ׽ȥū
˭ˮܡ˵ţе䵶ϣâһ䡱һ϶ʱզѡ
Ҷһһֲ
ղſƼ򵥵һȴڸֲžеевûкʹȴ˲Сƻ
һĻڴ󺺺ˮѱ͵һסĽŶˣǻܵ£һҿԡ
ĿݵĿЩһۣһӣŵĳԼºСǣһ㣬һƱȥͿԺȾơ⣬ˡںʱҲ
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ȻҪ֣ѲҶһЦˮУﺣͷͷְɡ
֪һûˮУĪҰ˳ˮ棬ȴҶסԽˮȵԽࡣ
Ҷ̾˿Ƶ»һĵˣһĶѣû뵽һһֻʮĺѼӡ
˿ҶͻȻˮдˣסΨһĳ·ǴˮǱǺĴԱڣȻƷҳˮԣȻΧ
ĪҰڣ͹˿ˮץסҶ֣㡭뷨ӣס졣
Ҷӣ뵽ˣʲôҲҪʣˡ
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һЩڴѲӵĺһȽϾµķڣŹЦ˳Ҷһϲ֪ҶԵطˡ
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ҶҲ˵ʲôϻֱһ߿ţᶯһ£ͻȻȫһȥ
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ҶһŽתǰԹԵģҪȻһͷ¾Ҫˡ
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ŶˣˣĪҰҶûعæЦ˹һҲҶĺ춼ʵʵ˼ʮ㣬ȻŽɫѱƺ춪˵ϡ
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ĪҰȴĿɿڴҶ૵˷ղʹǲ˷
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ֵܣɱ˻ϣҲǸȴڻ·ĪҰͻȻһͷݺݵ˵
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ãҸҰôҲŻ㡣ҶĵͷȻʾĪҰ⺣ϵİˡ
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Ȼ׼ҩҩԺ󣬻ǿɥԵЩͷɥ
Ҷڿûı飬عͷź췢ȥһ£ȥ
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ģֻҪƯһ᳹׽˶ġҶ֪Ӳһãſİµĵ
ллллӣһԣ΢һæĪҰ˳ȥȴڰţǸ˸˵ʲôģҪ


345 
췢ĪҰǺȥˣҶͱĿһ񣬲֪˶ãԼģ˽ŲǴ۾
һᣬͼĪҰ뺣˽췢һϲɫ黹ͦ˳ġ
ôģҶ΢ЦĿŽĺ췢
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ţûҶӦһתͷźһ۵ҲˣӦôء
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Ҫү˵ֻҪƯҽⶾŹҵġһ췢ĻҶ£˥
㣡ҶüһXԼĺ죬ȻֻӦⶾû˵Ҫ㡣
Ҷһ߿˼£վȴĪҰһ˵ڵأ췢Ц
֪޷٣һ˿ҲЦãȻҪҲùԼԱߵ־Ҷܳ䡣
ҶӳԼЦһ΢΢һƣ飬ҲûҪܵĺ죬һƹ󣬻ǵȻϣһȫ֮ǰԼסˣܷʲôˡ
ʱֻ췢ȵ㻹ǰЩĥŻһ꣬ϣձſںؿס
ָצסţ˵˵ʲô˵үãȫģ
ߣɱңһӲ˵ģڽѪȴϲΪʱ¸ĽŲˡ
췢һȻЦݣ΢΢һ㶺󣬽Ÿдŭ۽âٿؾָˣҪץ䣬һŲ죬ж˸
ĪҰʢŭ֮࣬Ҳ֪ػҶһۣʾӦô죬ҶǵȻһЦֽЮһ첽ȥ췢һ֮ҲǸ
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ͣҶ΢΢һЦֻصνߣٰǰбʤİգҲ̽ûΪԼһ·
췢߹ҶļЦֵܰ£ܽˡһšҿһӣʱ䣬ҫۻ
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Ҷַʮѣ·һ޵׶ȻɻʱͻȻȴһЩԪֵ˳
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ڿ´һۣչԾʻʮɵᴬϡ
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˼䣬췢ĪҰؽһתҪִԼһ˭ֽ֪Լץ𣬷Ѩв£ֻ߷죬ڿն
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ϣûۿڵǰѡȡһɭ֣û˽ȥɭں᲻⣬׷϶ĺ֪Ҷú췢ʹѿǣ沨
ҶĴɭ߳ԶȥĴӰЦһȻͷǺһۣʱһ֪ȫȻϾ־
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ֵܣһӦûʲô˰ɣȻ췢ɱ⺣ҶûпڣҲǲö֡
ͽˣͿŰɣҶƲƲ죬һչʧɭС
ãǾ쵰ȥЩ˰ɣĪҰһ꣬䣬ִŵһƬźӴȥ
󡭡ү𡭡𡭡һкܶƱТû˵꣬һͷһʱߣ˵ϡ
췢һͷûʲô룬ͷҶǻҶӰ
ףλأ췢΢΢һ㶺󣬱ѵˣ뵽Ԫ֮β񱼳һξ롣
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Щ˺Ҷٴαʮһô֮ͣúõһ£·ʱͻԶ̶ĲҽֹסӣɲѵӶЩˡ
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۴ԼɾҶһ֮Уãã
Ŀɨ֮ʱüͷΪǰɵƬˮ򣬾ȻƯʮе㷢ʬ壬Ȼȥʱˡ
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ⷽˮ򶼵׷ʲô£ҶüͷһᣬڡͻȻִб˳εĿĵԼԶ˰
ҶЦһЩһһһʲôܣǻ˿ڣȻ벻ʲôɣᵼЩ˱ɱ
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һ˼һɱһʦߣǻУӦڵǿߡ
ЩЩˣһ±ӣҶЦһ£ԼҪСһˣЩһĺ󳾡


346 
ԽЩʬ壬ҶȫϢغú󣬱ǰǱȥˡ
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ҶһƬʯĺʯ֮С
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ʱǿߣȴǽͣȻһѰѵԪַЩУǰһֵ
һᣬһƬĴһſŷԪ飬âȻĽһγһɿռĸˮƣƬˮĺˮѱضϡ
ˮγɺֳǹֺ
ҶʯִУã˼Ӧζ֮ʱ
ΧæµǣͻȻһϲˣˣˣһ׹һֻƬѾƿһһߵĶ
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ˣҶĿһݣȻվ͸ǸڣԼ֮Уܿǹ֮УһµСޣ̫ԶҲֻܿš
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⾫ѱɱ⣬ͻȻȺһܰһɫӰһȣץסµļһԪ飬ɿıˡ
һˣǻԥҲǷ׷ʰϵԪ飬뿪ܿƬǿߡ
ȴǳøɫһһһ֣ߵľǾӣο࣬壬ֻ
Ե£üĿ㣬ϸϸë߹һ˿Ц⣬˿ЦȴԵеɭ
ֵһ˫ĿգʱȴͻȻڵԪ֮ϣÿöͿá鶾ˡ
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þʯݳɵķӣ̫Լǧƽףһʮʯ·ֱͨǽĹⶴڣڵĿռԼǧƽ׵ӣԼʮɡ
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Ӽ˻ٳɣ˫һҲһαͷ΢΢һͣҲͳ³һơ֡
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磬һ˷һһ͵˷ܺãܺãɽ֣ӵ˷ˡĿ¶ϲɫ˷ܵ˵
һ״ƷͬЦݣĿҲ˻̰֮ɫ
ǻǿ㽫ʣµƵ浽кαķɣҪȻ˸ϵ⣬鷳ˣ濴һۣЩ֮࣬Щĵ˵


347 ʮɢ
ʱˮеҶȫЦѣֻ˶Ƶ֣һȻǿе鷳
䲻ɵǸӣӲƴӵ˷ҶҲʮİգ뵽콣̧֣ù澹Ȼˮ֮
ҶһˣˮʱȴϢж֮ʱҲʧɣѵﵽĸ֣طôôüͷһбȥ
ֻһЦһۻɤʮɢԾδЪһЦӵ߱ռΪ
⼸ľӣɫһ䣬ʱеʮɢ˵ˡ͸һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
һЦǹֶڴһڶȻֱ٣ͷͷȫĹޣǰ
˶Ű£ֳֶǹЩǹû̽ȴҲǷֻ֮ǰǾӵĳ˲٣ЩǹѾλɵ
¡ǹޣ龰֮£ɣݡ
ʱɽѾſڣˣӹʮɢˣֻ
ȴֻǰһЦɢˣԸ֣õʮɢô
ôЦһͻȻŴ汼ȥ
쬣
öտ׶ſΧȥȫЩƣŪ˵˭ɢµͷ߱ȻͻȻſѪڣһʱ׶Ϯסǰ·
߱ɶʦڵޣһͷ±׶ʲôͷϣһæһΣܿðź׶̧ͷǴϿһۣź֮ɫ
֣쿴ǰҵƿ֣ʡһķϣǿԲΪǣǴͷİ˿һֳۣ֮һۣЦǵðõĶͳͳ£ػɱǳˡ
⻰¶ŭ֮ɫ䡮ߡһһְеʮɢϷ֣ͬǧҹǣһһ˴ǾˮˮǽΪʲôҪֵӣ
ûʮɢǰ£ǵȻԱ˳ţܵϷȥѰǵ鷳ˣ񣬿ɾе㲻ͬˡͷһЦ߱㣬Ȼӹȥ
ӼƲߺ϶ԺΪ֮ɡδ䣬ɣǹš磬ѵӽǰ
һӣȻУʱЦСȻһͷʦڵޣүȴŷȳһɡճԲݡʮ֮ڣ첻ϡ
ǹɨȻֵֻ¶ϲɫǰһֹâһϾȻһ͸ף֪ʱѽ߬ס˫ĿţǹȻ£һ
ףһ仯侪ţâһǹâһ³УʱҲ룬ٹӭǰеǹ
ֻ顱һ΢Σ˫ٿذߣֱһɾ˳ֱ͸θҺԼּʱ̶֮˵¡
ӲƴһȻڴֲ֮³˵Ϊڲ֮䣬ǹɲǼ䣬߱죬һ׳ײϿʯͣ߱Ҳûʲôˣһأһ㣬أǰ壬ѱǰ
ͷǷ˹ʱ塰Х磬ͷ߱˵ʹ£һɵӰ˹
һʧûʤ㣬ּ빥ӳǿ֣ʧеҪȴԼǰİ˵סˡ
ֻúˣһקסǰӣӼԼʱ̲硭
Ŀʹɫҡͷޣֻ·ˣ

ʱӵһһǻܵô࡭
⻰һ㶣ƽưǧҹҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬û뵽쾹Ȼ龰ڼľһۣͷԷɣԲסˡȻ̾˿ͣǰ
ʽһ
Ȼһ뻳УͳһɫĴӣһӣһɹĽɫӴ˳ɢŶԼɢ˵ͷȥ
йŹ֣Ҫȥ׼׷ӵİˣɫһ䣬ʧźɢ˾һæʩչ˦˳ȥ
һڵĻ֮У죬תۼ˸ɸɾ
ʱİӣڰûǵ˲䣬ת䣬ѾڳʮԶ
ں밫ͣһ£ԲסˣģԺһñʮȥġ밫˵һ仰˶ڡ
Ҳϵ֣һȻƲһ˸ѣǳģֺñǲܰɡ
ɽ֣ǹģϴ˾ͽˣҺֵȥ׷һĸΧӰʹ߱ͬʱŭһ˵ϡ
һʱ乥ۻңȻһҽУȴһǹಡش˾ӵС䷴Ӧǹһ£˴˳ȥ顱һ䵽ͷ˵ǰ
һֺĸȴҲֶ߱һԾ𣬳밫ܵķ׷ȥ
һأ΢΢˻ΣǰİˣŭһȥͻȻ˫ٿذߣһɾ˳ֱ͸θɲǼ䣬죬˫ϣѪ磬һѵС
ǣ˿߱ϣÿŴӾӱ߳һˣһϮ࣬ȴһγɵߣ䶸ȻɱӣعԶԶԼ
ôҲû뵽ﾹȻǱһµˣ̰Ķʯݿһֳۣܿһۣ۾Ҷ֮ϣȴһ˷
ܵ콣ɢ˵ƣЩη
˶Ȼ֣϶Ѿ϶סԼųģȻԵԼɱ⾫ٳ͵ϮٴοʯһۣвʣҲǲΡ
Ȼһ侹Ȼֱʹ߱ͷܡ
ҶĮۿ䱼һξ󣬲ЦһӰһת۱߱ĺ档
ƿ֮һתͷȥʱɫľȻоʲôٶȣͷһ꣬Ҳ룬һ̧ǹ㳯Ҷ˹ȥ


348 
ۼǹҶֳ콣տȴ΢΢һ̧֣һѰ׺ĶС
Ҷ֮һ۾һУδǺʱͼֻҶЦһ󣬺ĽƶԼ˹
Щȫɢ󣬰ſЩȻһЩ޵ݣֻЩͨ庮ޱȣҲ֪Ǻ޵ݣȻô졣
һ֮󣬲ûоţһԼµ߱
ʱ߱ŭһѪһţһֵָıһţԴԴϵֱӴҶ˵Щ֮ϡ
ۣۣۣ촫ɫ˲佫
˼ˣзһʹ߱ٴʣȫһߵǹҶ콣ӭȥ
ڰһ֮ʣƺһ΢Ŀһ֮£Ĵ𣬺ɵһǹҶ콣һİɫ֣ȳУűץȥ
ǸһתɵˣϮؾȻݣԼһֻܵ¶٣ͬʱŰ֮ʡ
ҶЦһٴչӰ˶Ļֳ
㡭ٴҶٶȺһɫ󾪣æһеǹŭһҶ
ҶǸֳһ˿Ц⣬΢΢һ콣ӭ˰˵ǹ
꣡Ľ𣬰˼Լ۾ȫӳǹһֱԼŵǹҶе콣ֻΣȻʮöƬ
һĻð˵漴Ҳ飬亹ܶ£ľܵĻᶼûУҶе콣һ֮󣬱䲱֮ϡ
콣˻Զâһ˸ǰ㵲Ҷ콣ɿ֮ʡ
һ١࣡һЩݣ˿Ķ˰ǲѰֱ֣֮ڡ
һĻҶȴҲûͣ£һһӣٴ˰ˡ
ǰٴЩⱾ׵ĵʹ༸˷˺ѷεؿһ޾ĳŭٴλҶȥ
䡱һ
Ϻһŵ˳ȥССѪܿƵؿӿʹԭӢݱģ
顱ʯصصڼӲϣסŬվ漴ֹڵأٽŻһǵ˵ϡ
ΪһѵҵһˣһĵͼվѪѱöݷŸɣҲʧӰ١
ʶģ䣬ǰԽԽǰһ˿âʧ֮ʱԹĿҶһۣĲʣͷ
һֻ߱ҶŭȴתŹȥ
˺£СүôɲһţҶͷһۣüͷһơһһӰֱӳ߱ͷϡ
߱ҲЩǻۣڱ֮ʣ߻ͷעҶĶֻǰ׹һ߱ʱɻȥˡ
ûӦ֮ʣֻԼϯʱתͷ
ӣ
һһɳİɫâ䲻ݷͷϣ䣡߱ӲͷǣҶе콣ֱӸһ顣
һûҪֻ߱ʼѣǿŭһѵһ˲䣬ۣۡ³һŵıҶ
һ꣬߱æɱȥ
ȥɣҶٺЦһЩ
쬣
һ޴ĽӰҵ߱ϡ
䣡һЩѪ⣬߱ݺݵһʯ֮ϣǽ仹վ
Ҷ߱ĿôǿԼôȴʼû£⵹΢΢һ£ҲЩˡ
߱վһ˲䣬׼ʱһȣ콣˦һУ͵ĳ߱Դ˹ȥ
һ£߱ļޱȵԴȥһ룬һɫâʣµԴҲ˵ϡ
ﳹƽϢҶһۣ׳һ棬ǿߵʬΪ˻ҽ
Ȼǵһ¿ռһâһ߱޺Ǿӵĳ˽ȥ
ǰȥĵطһۣһУϵķ֮С
ֿصǹƬһۣһ˿ʹԼ̫ˣȻúõһǹˣ˳Ƭٴ鵽֮߱ϡ
ҲǮɲ˷ˡһ䣬ǽ߱ʬҲյ֮УȻͷҲصʯݴŶȥ
ʯݴԱߣûƵĹȦһۣа̾˺üЩرˡ
콣͵˦УȦȥ

ȦýѺĶҲչ˳ȴС
ŹŷСһҷǳ۵У΢΢һϲҶæӶȻǸСĺӣ˿
һƮ澹ȻӲӵĵҩһ£ҩ̺ǿ
ٵǺӵײһŹ֣Ҷ˳
ٵ˵֮Ч֮ͨ˷֮һţʮ꣬߷ã֮ܽҩЧȡٶʮأ˵Ϸ½żȻãһţϷȥţʣԴԵ֮ˡ
һۿȻǵҩʱҶл΢΢еʧⵤĹЧϵЦŨˣöҩⲻ˵Լƾֶʮôðսˡ
΢ЦĽӷк󣬱ȲĽһӸ˿ȻСӶװ˱ĵҩһӣڴˡ
ǺиһȴסˣƵһ±ӣ㽫Ӷ֮С
װŵĶԱ˵ȷʵǸСĵҩҪΪװһһһܸߵȼ䡪
ô½֮һ䣬Ҷ˵ȴͬһߣݵ˼ҲûС
֮к󣬳һֱۣȷûʲô֮뿪ˡ
ʮɢˣڵĴڣֻɱһҪˣǿɲġ
ֳйԼѶϢ׻֮Ҷһδһ·УǱߣһˮɿص˰Ȼɭ֮ȥ
еߣҶôҲ벻ĵطȻһ˷һǷ͵˷
½κ߶Լӵһ˷Ժ
һҪ˷飬ǿߣҲʹõһЩȽϴķ
½ֳɵ˷˵֮٣һ㶼ǴС
ɫߣҶҲһ󼤶
콣ߣԺĵƣӲ˲١
Ǻǣû뵽ֻһЩҸһ꣬ʰһˡҶٺһЦҵһɽ󣬱ȡе߱
ãҶ۾һֻһһߣȫγɵ߱㽫Ӱ
͵˷ȻáҶĴЦУһ׶ߵߣɢÿһſ˷ҲģҶҲ档
֪һɽͻأִҽУȻЩҽ֮Щ£ȴҲұڣһһСǰȥ


349 
ԼĪףǰȻʣǰһƬյأϸһжʱһ
ֻ׵Ĳݵϣ˵ʮʬ壬ſͻĿһڣѪɽϺɫ
ֻҽУȴôˣԼǼǽβ֮ˡҶ˰Σüͷ
չʶϸ̽һܣûзʲôӰȻɱ뿪ˡ
ףʲô۾ǲݵһŵεľƣҶһǽȡ֣͸֬ơ
ʲôӣѵǣﲻĦƣ˫ü壬ƺ뵽ʲôǽƷһ棬ʱѩĹĸ׭֣ǳǰ
ȻһһĵĹƴԶһŰµĿһۣ˾Ƶˣֻʵ벻ͨһĵĹô۹
޵һζϡ澫顯ѩĹڣҪҵ澫顯ƻóҶҲֻ̾˿·ŰµĿϣɲӶ鷳
ЩɱһĹɱˣҲ֪ЩͷܴɲԸˮ
Щ£ƺ˳˵˼չҶƷźãתȥ뿪ʱȴ֪Ϊʲôʹģֻͷǰ¿һۡ
ɾһۣȴ°ͶҪˣΪǳ˻þò۾Ȼֱϣһ䣬һǻþ󣬲۾
ȴͻȻһ͵һǰŵİ귭ת󣬾ֱֱš
˷ƣãҶǰоŷơ
ô£Ҷ˫ȭգ΢΢ѵ֮治Уɲô
꣬ȻҶǰòŰ˷ƣڵòܵӰ죬ʼǰòת䣬꣬ڵòҲŰ˷֮
űӿȥѾõİ꣬Ҷζӡҡ׵֮ûһִʾʱеĸˡ
һҶ૵ǸϽ뿪ɣҪЩɱȥԼİֻǰܣǿǸˡ
ת˼ʮףȴͻȻͣȻϣǰ˰ɣô˵ҲСүôƣ㱬ʬҰǲӦá
͵һ˴󶴺󣬽궪붴Уʯֻ;Уȴһѽ˻˳ֶҲ֪Ҫʲô
£һʱҶﻹеˣֻͷ·һ̣ɽϪʣһľŷɶͷһƬɽ꣬ɽӵһʱʱڳŴ
ǧҹǡǳſڵǼ֣Ҷ¶һ˿΢ЦܣȻܵ۹ıС
ſǰûȥһӭҶһ۵Բס߶óʾ΢
ҶЦӦһ΢΢һǰ۹΢ǳС
ԭǵ۹һȹеһӳӹҶݹ΢һۣǻ˸ǹ
ӹƣ˳ǺҶĽֵһᣬѰҸ¥ţǵһ䡰Żشꡱҩ̺󣬱Ųȥ
ϢĵҩҶǺӵģб޻
ҩʮֿٿʮˣ濿ǽڷĴŵĹ̨̨ȫǴСһУЩ򿪵ģɢŵЩûд򿪵ģȴǷŵĹâ
̴ӣźüѡҩвûƶ񣬶ԴҶҲûô⣬ߵһ̨ǰ鿴
ҩУͼԪҲһöرңһöرңȴǿһͨĿ֮ˣһˣһƶǾԲֵҩġ
һ̴ӣֽһλˣæӭЦݣҶλ͹٣Ҫʲôĵҩۻش̳۵ĵҩֱţʲôȼĵҩС
̴ӼҶĴ飬Բ²ܴܿ˼ҵӵܣǵĹ˿ַͣǳ󷽣Ȼҵ
Ҷ˽ܣʲôšû˵ÿɷ񣬵˵ͷ˵ҩͲҪˣҪһЩָõϵҩġ
ֻҪҩģҶԼͿƵҩȫûҪȥǸԩǮ
õģ͹ۣԵȣ΢ЦӦһᣬܿͽʮСɵаڷŵ˹̨֮ϣ΢ЦĽ˵ЩָϵҩģҪûС
ЩӣҶ֣һᣬоҩԲôǿַ˻ȥ˼УѡһºĿɨһʱһеһɫ


350 
ʰкҶ򿪺иǣóһɫҩҩĵɫȻñᣬһζĵͷҩô
ҪĲݣ߿ҶʰװšĲݡУһüͷƺʲôһż˵֪ҩģ
ĲݵۼǶ٣
ٺ٣͹ۣҩȶûй̶ۼֻۣһ꣬Ҫʮöңʮ꣬꣬ǾͰۿˡ
һҪʮöңۣҶüȻҩǲҲ̫˵ɡ
͹ۣӦҲ֪ĲݵĹЧҩڼƷϢҩҩζ൱ĴŨǶԹĻָǶ˿ڵĻָЧһ˵⣬ͣһᣬֽŵȻҩĹҲģҿΪƼ֣֤
ˣְɣҶִߵĻа꣬ȫҰɡ
õģõġһҶȻһھҪô࣬Ѿһδˣ¶ϲһɣٿԷֵʮöҵˮʮöҿ൱һµĹˣһ⣬˵һ൱顣
һĲݣȥۿۣҶӦø˰öңҶҲû˵˦һף˰öңڰлһɫߣ˹̨֮ϡ
װҩĵĺȡ֣֮У뿪
죬콫е鵤ȡ⴫һʵˣСƣȥǵҽг
⡭׷׻ͷߣЩԥ
ʱҶҲ۾ŽŵЩ˿ȥ
һˣһһʿгһȣ׾òʮ񳣬ʱȴһ֮ɫ
ʿףһ׳ߣϺţ׼أһ˫ĿգȥϣɢӦһλڵǿߡ
һ꺺ӣŨüĿŵ˫ۼᣬϸһĺڴ󵶣֮ˣ׷׿ǣüͷ΢΢һ壬е㲻ȴûһж
ɵվʲôѵҪϷ꣬ܽǵ𣿡׳ߺǰһһȭݺһ֮ϣŭȵ
ǣǡվǹӺһһѷŭʱһһתһҩڲ˽ȥ
͹٣ҪʲôһЩ߷ƺղʲôҲûһк
ЩڵĻƣʻҶűӣ뵽ҪǱ£ǻȥˡ
ҪˡʿҲǰһҡͷǿ㽫ǵɡ
˭Ҫ֮һϵһ߰ʮ꣬׷ߣҲŲæ˳΢ЦĳҶһֵλСҪ֮
ٺ٣С϶ϴˡҶűӿЦһ£ָŰʿЩ˵Ҫҵˣ
ǺǣǺǣС϶ˣеۻϰ壬΢ЦһԽҶǰʿǰλ͹ۣҪһش֮֮ǲֵܳģºǼΪشĶңֻҪܳǮ֮㣬ҲǲУֻǮ
鵤óɣһܳǮʿԴΪš
ʿȻŻȴЩ²ӣ΢΢üԲסСĵĹأ֮ȳǮܿ
ʿ´϶һ£㻹ǹۿ˵ͣ˵ɣҪǮ
϶Ĵ˵͹ǰ˵ЦĿС϶ôùۣ鵤һڼۣʮҡ
ʮ򣿡ۣ˶˿Թԣʲô鵤ҩǮȻ˵ĺš
˵ˣһۣҶҲǾĿɿڴʮңǮһŵҩ״ţͬʱҲʲôʶ£ֵʮ鵤Ǹʲôġ
Ȼǰʿ֪ˣֻüһ֣ҹ̿
ǸҹӦһ뻳ȡһ̿ݸ˰ʿ
鵤óɡһе̿ʿȻ
ԲסϷ򻹱е̿С
ʿһ˦һף̿ڰлһߣ䵽ͷ
϶ӹ̿Ȼ֣Ավһλߣܿһ۹
뿨ۺ󣬵ͷЦҪ鷳͹һ£
ʿԣڿһӼɳٴ˼£ſʾǼ֣૵ôֻаأ
ʲôվԱߵĺͬʱ
šļ֣϶һЦݿʱ͹٣ССӪӲ˵ġ
߶ʱŭŵ϶Ͱңǲ
ߣ͹ۣעһΪŵ׷ɱ°ȻðǿŽɣʱĵ϶ҲȻҿĵ꣬ûôеͨ
Ȼš֣ʿ˶ʱɫһ䡣
ӵȻǿŵĶһ٣ǹţܲͷɣ󺺶ݺݰѻһ˵꣬ǰһҪС϶һ١
С϶ɥλ͹ֺۣαشҵ鷳ˣֲǲ֪żģС϶Ĳ
ˣô죬˿̿գˣҪǰߣҲ޿κˣҪǺߣ鵤˵ܾȹأҹˣݺеС϶һۺתǰʿ˵
ʿ˿пüҲһΪѣ֪Ǻã
Ҷ̾Ϣһ£Լͣʶһ£Ǵ˵мֵʮ鵤ǼƷҩȴû뵽ͷ˼ҾȻûǮ
Ҷ̾Ϣոһ䣬ˢˢ۹ʱɨϡ
ͷð۾Ҷ΢΢һ㶣űǿЦãֹ򲻵鵤СүҵͲɣ
ǰʿ۹⣬ɱͷǿˣȻҶһֱվĲ棬һŵʱ򣬾ע⵽ˣϾĵطǿ߿Ǻģݲע⡣
һͷƵĶҶʱŭһҹϣ
λӣ¹̲ܽϣ벻ҪǼƽϡȴҶ𣬰ʿŵ֪ǷжңУݽ֮һ
ǮתҶָűǼҽǮ𣿡
˵ʵҶϻûôңҲû뵽ԷȻǮ
ҶĻʿ˽һ㶣ʿ۹ͻȻ䵽Ҷʱɫȴ͵һ䣬׹һֽ˶ϸһҶòͻȻز


351 ֮
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352 ͷƤ
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355 ǿϮ
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356 ɱΧ
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Ҷüͷһ壬콣ҶУʿǰĿɿڴ䣬һӣһ衱УȻһͷ󽫣һŰʿ͸
ʿƣ֣˿̶ȻҶ֪ΪأʾⲻҶ֣һפ񱼡
ھҶ콣ѪɣˣȴۺѪȺҺһϣһҲҶ콣ĺ⡣


357 
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ǰһڼһԼˣӳǽ˳һ˴ȵߺˣǧҹǳ֮ʱգο˲óǣ򣬸ɱۣ
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żһ䣬һƿ֮ѾҶ˺Х˹
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سǽһĻʧɫĴҲؾ飡˼ɫ԰ף΢΢ȻҶļ֮侪Ųˣ
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ҶһΣԾʮ֮ңб㣬뽭ˮƽŵľ֮ϣľ΢˳ȥƣֻ֮Զһɫˮߡ
Ҷľ΢΢³ȡһٴȻһ佭֮ʣʮ֮⣬˷ľδþѷɶɽӣ˶԰


358 ˧
ŶɽϣһӶִ̣б߶ҶôҲû뵽ȻҲ·ȻƣҶҲЩʿ
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лôž֮£ҹûעԱߵİʿʱ䵹µһо潻㶵Ҷлǡǡ΢΢ԼĽŵھȥЩ쵰Ϊл˱𣡡
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ҶȴҡҡͷȻЦֱ̫࣬ôܣⱻѰţǶǳ빫ģлɽжգо׷ǳȥʱѩĹ
ҹɫȻܷ֧ô죿Ҷ΢һЦģԻᵽѩĹǻϵģ˵սеĹӸ͵ͬеʳɣǧҪðճʳҹŹ壬ͨ죬ͷ
ȥɣЩ׷ͿˣٳپˣҹվԭûҶֻٴζٵ
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359 ֵ
ҶžҹӰںмʧǲһ΢Ц૵˻һҳ
ֻҹͻȻת˵ع򵹵ϣһֻҹǳϥӣͷһصӿĵģֻѩĹ
ʼʱȻأʣ޷һ꣬ҹתɱȥӰȫû
ʱԶƮһߺ
ģЩ쵰˲ðݡҶȻת߱ȥ
Сб˼ɽͷɫĳɽ֣峿٣ĳҹһ·У֪ȥ
˿ҶжǽΪУϲʮʿˣӶӶǿߴ죬һǧϣлĴЩ˲˻ء
һɽȣ룬ͻȻҷһ󱩶Ҷһ֮ϡ
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촽ЦС㶮ʲô磬ɻĺģԽԽãٺ٣㲻Ҫ磬ƫƫҪ
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һǱʵһͷ뷨һֱһƫƧľ̵Ĺ
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˴ʱ춷ȴû뵽û֣Ҷȶˣ΢΢һæˣܲҶӲ
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Ƭ̣ȴӦоɣֲԼȥֺȳλʿǰȥ̽һ˰ΣȥʿûϢ


360 
ֱԼʱȴû뵽ѵͷǰҲֻʮ֮ҶԭƺúЩλһƣǽʧ
תһƣȴǰ״޵·Ȼһģıߣ̽ӣĵһƬĵף֪жʧҸյľ±ڳɾʮȵֱڣ⻬ޱȣûа֮
Ҷĵ׳Ĭһ󣬺±̫£ýƤһɽȥ
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Ҷæ콣±ںݺݴ룬ֱûȻֳɣڽ꣬ǶȻҶȴǵȻһЦ˳ϵõĳȻ䡣


361 
Ҷʼձۣȫѣֱ䵽棬Ŷס͵ƣֻǰشأɽԽ롣
ʱҶڽӱߵһʯ֮ϣˬӷ󣬴ö·ƮƮĿ
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æſڵǿ߰ɡ
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ҹͣգֱеıʳǰڳǳأҶǽȥЩƷ̧Ŀһվһȡ
ҶͷĬѵԼӰӣĿ͵ȴҲüͷ֪Щʲô
֣Ҷֻһů˳ִݹһʱľůпޱȡ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ˽ȥ
һȦЩõĵҩָЩʶȹҵһҾ¥ס˳ȥ
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Ҷ˴Ǽ޸ˣһᷢš˵Դ˵ľ塣ֳԼ˵ģòìܡ
໥һûһ˵Ż˰ҹƣԺ˯ȥ֮ʱϣϸŽỬůҷڱǣĿȥ
ȴҶϷһѵĶƺЩʲôòһЩϵȥһЩӵ˵ϡ
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362 һ·
ԶʣͻȻȷԳߵ뷨ֵ·ѣȻԼӹһ٣֮ߵȥǷҲҪһ֮
׷Ӧúͻ׷ˣ߻ǲأҲſ׷һЩݣҲ֪ò뿪
ҶĬΣ˵ѩĹѩĹжԣǳ£ǻȥҲ˵̾˿ˣԶ߸߷ɵĺá
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ǣ´ͷվŵЩ׳ĺӣȫգ۵עˣЩﻹ¶̰ɫ
ҶЦһ£漴Ϣ΢΢һš
ʱͷ֮ϣһƬϮðŹЩˣжʱѣǴ˴طҺȴվͷߵһЩˣһʧ㣬֮ͨͨϣ׷Ľˮ
͡һЦ磬滵Щ˶ŵˣǺǣ
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ַǷһ׺ӽӹ̳顱һϣĵॡںֻ໨룬ˮЦеǣ˵Ӱǡ罭һԡɫաӡٿտʲôɫǰռӽĴ󵱼ҡһҼүӣ˵Ĺƨƨߵĸ˹ôһӵģҲմЩ˵üɫ裬룬һ
ǺӾݰС룬ǣҼүǻĻʦǻҼүҲʦ֮Щ͸˵ˣ
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ʱԱߵһ£ָŴߣ̾ϵϵܣѵûүе㲻ͬѰô
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ͷƤһǣЦҲͷҽǾүλ˲١
ʱպӣϣ°૵ͷôһ˵үЩˣǰЩ󵱼ʲôģүǲмһ˵ģǣţ£е
ˣǾһʹģүЩ£õǲġպӣҾһںȾԼǾӿЩ졣
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ҶһƳڣüطýطɣһ꣬˳ȴã磬´ҽŶġ
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ƲһĿ˼öˣôģͷһ۶һ㶺󣬵ЦүǸС˶࣬ûء˵ţŮƣͷģˡ
ҶһգЦǾ͵ѰβˣǻϲһӦ
Ҷһۣ磬ôôơҶüЦȴȴǿЦôܸ㣬ҲСƵƳɡ


363 
ھƹݰһᣬЩ뿪ˡ
Ϊ¥ǰ罭ʻĹÿĹ֮´ٰ򱱣˼κҶ鷳ĽҴЩˮֱӱ¡
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Ҷתһ˸գͷһʱɫƵͷϡϡİɫ˿Ǹǰħɭͷ˭
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ħգڵķޡͷʱҶƺҲǲЦϷϵϢħ·׷һ£ȴ;ͻȻʧȥӰϷź
ڵޡҶǺ죬ܱʶˣ
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Ҫ֪֮УͺΪƾԶɢϢ֪Է֮Ȯ࣬οܹѴħա
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ǿУҶҴ⣬һΣббһ߳ӰͷһƲ֮壬ڿմһ
С֣ɲǼ䣬ָ䣬ǣҶҪҶԾϣǰԾһƬҶͷĵУȴûմһƬ½ǡ
ǿе࣬ȻϷġħ䡯ܶܵͷһЦ˫棬ʩչһ˫ֱ仯ǧڵǴʱŤɲǼʮôҶӰȦС
Ҷ콣һֻЩľ͹ĺܣһֻܶȥһжͷע
ȴֻǾҶ˫裬ҶľŮɢһ㣬һʱۻң涫ʱͻȻһУȴͷͻȻץ˹
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ˣţе㲻ԾҶͻȻ૵ص
ǰеͷ΢΢һ٣ʲôˣʲôԾ
ҶڵϣЦеĿͷĴˣе㲻Ծ
ʲôˣԾģϷȥɣͷĲͷ׹һһΣҶǰ֪ԼǰͻȻӰһ
Ҷ֪ʱȻƵԼһ֮£ͷѿڶλȣС֣ʲô
ʲôҶ΢ЦĿһתעԣȻͷϴδˣտúûᣡ
úûᣡͷüһЦĺܣֻǲ֪ղΪһĴҴܡ
ҶһɹĿͷЦղţ˵ʵСүϲĸˣ˵ǿߣӲŸոڣǱҲûʲô
ôĿ㻹ʲôƾ費ɣͷĿ˸Ҷһ˿Цǡ
ƾ赽ûСҶһЦȴǽŵȴ֪Ȼڵľ磬ʵȴûдﵽڣϲģӦ÷˺°ɣٺ٣
ҶȻͨղͷϵ̶ȣƶϳϼһ죬ڷҲӲȴܷʣϺû˵ʤģ̫̫Ȼϻ쵰ˡ˼ת÷糵һ㣬Բߡ
С֣Ϸе㲻ʣɱһǿߣǹˣٺ١Ҷ״¶̣һţЦ


364 붯
ֻͷȫɢҫ۵⣬ɫȲಡð˳չ˿ҲһŻӰշ˹
ʲôٶȣ
áҶɫ䣬ɫ֣ͷ˼ԣٶҲڿӡ
ͷһЦʮƣƴŻӰеҶּܣͷϼһʮ˴ʺ˸ס
湻ˣǿɡͷؽһõӰӾͳҶ
ߣСĴ˶ƤҶĮһЦ˫΢һ£ԱһϣžͻΪһɫĻӰӭȥȻľٶ˿巢˱仯ͷ
ͷͻȻҶһЦٴһȻһӡ
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ݹһĻ콣ϣҶȴֱӱĻص˻ȥͬʯһ䵽棬ڽҳһĴ
磡ҶͻȻ뵽صˣԱߵɫ䣬
û£ҪġҶֱӴǶдܳȥǵһ˿ѪȴȻ𾪡
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Ҷ˿Ѿ͸ѪָûʲôãֱӾͷһˣҪǻһ˷һ¾Ͳǽ͸Ѫôˡ
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ҶֻеһɫֱӳԼٶȱ֮ղţһ
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Ҷɫֱ콣Լķ˷ϡ
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æȫҶֹȫȫָվſͷ
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ҶͷĮϷֻͷһᣬһԼͷתԼ
ʱͷĹѾҶҲ룬콣ӭȥ䡱һټ϶һ͸콣ܶ͸壬ʧҺߣ֮ңһѪ
ѿھԾ´§סҶҧĿɫҰףһе硭һʱˮ˫ա
ģ䣬Ӱһͷڵ֮⣬ҧվ˫һȣҲʦΪͷȴ˿ҲûУɲҶһˣ¼˱Ҷ˲Ρ
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ͷЦвƵ̽󣬱ڴʱ·綸ֱСϮͷȻˡ
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ԭҶܵǲͷʵԼѵֵУֻȡƴӲһҧ⣬³Ѫ̶˹겨֮ͬʹû䣬һ޾ȣͷ찣С
ͷԵɣղѣŭһϷƴҲҪС֣һ꣬ͷ沿Ѫ·һ㣬ڲסðݹš
ֵ־ͷ׷ҲѪɫƮѪߣצ·ʱҪ˹ȥ
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־ԵʵӲƴûʲôƲõˣھԵǰһеıƶͽ͵ģοѾһε£Ǿ͸ûˡ
ģϲģʽΪֻãСүƴˡвˣںЩʵϻ쵰ǰֻƶˡ
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ƴˣ
ʱҶ˫Ȼŵ棬ͬʱһȫתˡһһĺֱҶĿ£Ҳܿ󣬶ʱ顱һϷ˿ֲɷ
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⡭ͷĮһ˿֣ʲô£СϵɷôӰ쵽ҵ꣬ƺҲǿˡ
ͷľܵӰ죬ԭȫһҲһЩ
ںϵһ˲䣬Ҷѿ콣Ȼ˶Էնͷϡ
Ҷͷһһϣ˷ֱɢزֱӱҵѿݽȥһ飬˴ڴڵѪ
ͬõɳһݺڵϣҳ
ͷվڵϡ
ôܹԼôܣͷ콣õ壬˵ϣѪĿڱ˳
ҶӵɫǺ죬Ѫ죬ŵµϵͷͷ
磬ôˣģʱֹæ˹ҡҡ׹Ҷһ֮ɫ
ģûҪ˵ͷ΢˴СүһȥȴԶˣǿߡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬һԾקڵϵͷĿһͻȻЦͷСү֪㻹ûӴ۾ȻСүˡ
үҶеǸͷ˶ʱֹ֮ɫ
С֣Ҳǿ֮ĩ͵ҵʬɣʮ΢ͻȻͷ˳


365 Ƶ
Ҷͷ˵㾡ȫһ飬ʶԺľųɣֻʣһ˿˿ѪҺʧҲʧ֪ʱιȥ
Σ˲϶ҧ⣬ʹ̼ԼŬǷǿߣҲʱ״һѵ˷棬߰
磡Ҷ̴΢ţ֪롣
ôλүˣҶͷҲأץסͷֵ˶ٸй˼ɣæƣҶһŭ֮ɫ
˿ĭȵСӣ÷Ҽүܸȫʬ
ߣһȺ׳աҶЦһɱҲ汳֮ˣǲҪҷүðһ콣ͣͷ紦
ס֣쵰ҺҼүҵȶɢ޲ɫҶȫɢɱ֪Է飬˵ҪֻҲڿ
Ⱥ˱ܶͷʱͷڣ㶼ʧ⡣
ֻҶѾˣ˭ǰһҾͷƴƣӻˣҲȳү
⻰ʼŵûһ룬ܺ͸һڣҲʲô£ˮҲ֪ñ˻ϲá
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ҶűҡҡͷȻЦϲģҪɱСүˣѵֻΪϴСүǼ¡
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үǣƴҲҪ
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СӣҼүֵԲΪ㡣ʱ˳Ҳǳ
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һ˿ҲѾҪʧǷҲѾû뿪ˣ뿿뿪ҲǾԲ˵׷١
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ֻҶóҩ˭ҾýͷͷУƴƣӻˣõٵҲȲϼһ
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ҪȴҶţܶ
㷢ǲ˵䣬ҶٴκݺݵĽ콣ûһ֣ͷʱҺһҲɫ԰
ԱֵͷĲҽУҲɫ䣬һҧЦȻˣСֵܣǾֵү⡮ԡɣһΪΣ
Ҫľ仰Ҷаֹһڡ
ͷȴͻȻеЩɵСӣҪңɱ⹷Ҷֵֻܱ˵סӣͷܳ졣
Ҷ죬ĬƬ̣ãһֵܷԣҾͷŹͷ͸ҩ
ֵͬʱ˵ƾ
Ҷִϻ˵
ֵܱһƣʱһӣݺһҧϣŵԣȻǵˣҵҲָ
ҶЦ˵һԾŶŲǡ
ֵܽվһأҧ⣬ƳһѪֵѪķţһᣬѪ
ĻҶſͷӺһΣһѪڶɲǼ䣬ֽ
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ҶڵأѪӿܲ˵ֻҡҡͷʾԼû¡
ȻһҵĻѣֻǰһʲô¶֪һμķ֮ܶڻðϢ
һҶȻ˹ȥֵܶ΢΢һ໥һۺ󣬲ſ̾ϢһһǰСôȥǸϽ߰ɡ
ţʱҲ֪Щ˲Ầˣ˵ͷǱҶͷں˳ǡ


366 ʹ
֪˶ûԵҶ
ֻȫѷ·˺һ㣬ʹѽľʹо֫Ĵڡ
ſۣԼһ侫¶СɵķС
˯˯εСԴڴߡ
磡Ҷʱ˯ͻȻ۾ϲؿ
ɵѾͷǲһֱҶȥ۽ǵۣʲôط
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ɡҶ֪˭忪ڵ
ҶŸ֮ˣ΢һڣ΢΢ſƿš
һøߴ󣬵˶˽ȴǳֵ֮һ֮ǰ̸Ӧǳֵܵϴ󣬴˴ʱͷϣǶź顣
ʲôôҶĿһۣڵ
һڣϴ֧˵ֵҶˡԡʱӦóƺΪˣһʱȴǿ˿ڡ
ԺͽҹӰɡҶȡһ·һϣһĵ
ӣʩҩҼүϴ˿ʱڵ
Ҷ·һۣкâһһᣬְҡҡͷһһӣšٵ˳ϴС
ȥϲķº׼һ£ҼСã϶뿪
ǣӡϴһᣬ˵ͷѸԾ𣬵ȥ
ҲôɣӣǳϴһŵӰҶ΢΢Цһ£Ҳ˳
ɽȴССһôû뵽ϲסĵط
һȥĴǼɽϱڱǲľή֮ʱĲľȴ٣ڱĵطԾó滨ݣȴĿǡ
һ԰ɽȪˮȱĵط
һȣʯףһʯС·
Բʯӣһ㣬·Ĺ⣬ֱͨһεŻ
ŻһȪƹǧڼɽ»㼯һСС߰˺Ҷ䣬ŶԶԲɫ
ҶĿעЩطĳһ񣬱һСϵļɽԭɽҲһţƿţɽǰԺˡ
ʱǰԺվˣ˳ֵܣ⣬»ٵˣЩм䣬ΧһµСһɫĴһݺݵĿɨ
˵Ŀ˾ڵͷˣʱȫź۴£ǿݵǶĶе֮Уʺ죬еʺ죬ԶԶȥֱ治ͷ
ϲģԺӲͦܵİȻ˵ĻҶȴǵЦס֣Ҳû֮ϵǸԱ˫Ŀͷ
ССӣֵΪԺǵ£ϷǿʩطľҲҪ׽һ˵̣һһʱ֮ϵͷͻȻҶ
СүҡعͷͻȻͷĿ綢ԼҶҲ֮ëȻڣ˵»ͷ족ʱ
ͷǵĿȴһʲôҲû˵ͳȥ
ֵܿ˿ҶֻͷͷһۣͻȻͷǰүˣԺҪౣأǡ
߰ɣ߰ɣġͷִǻ˫΢΢һᣬݡ
ֵ濴һۣתҶ˳ȥ
Ҷ˲ŸյſڣһֻӰڸ߿ͻȻһգ۹ԶֻҰǳƣξ޴ޱȣһֻ࣬۾ȭͷС˸˿˿⡣
磬ЩʲôеͷƤ飬ֻĹһֱۣдͷһƬ鲻Խ־塣СӣЩӥǸ·֮ãǧҪסϷĻֵϷ֮ӣǸߴǣĺǣϷҲҪ
ͷٴδҶȻ򣬶ʱüͷչ˲ѣĽ浱ûȴǶЩ
ͷӥڣֻʦ塢ֻʦλͷǴֱʣһ־ֻޣڵļһȻһҵͺʵԶǿ߿ɱȡ
㻹ûϹɣҶỽһֻӥأԾֻڵӥϣС΢΢е㷢ףЦҪţġ
ֵ֪ܺ£ҿЩӥȽϤϷһ󣬱׵ֻӥչ߷ɣ˲ֱ


367 
˷޸··̶ʱ߹ǣʱһζ
żǳأȥʱ;Ҳϲٽٷ˵̰ߣޣƹˣţٰݺȡᡣ
ֻҶȴɷǣټųֵ͵ʴף˷۱Ⱥúڲ࣬Ҷ֣ʶЩͽԿͷ֮࣬Ҳվ
ͨЩʱյĽ̸ҶԳֵҲһ˽⣬ֵܣϴ󳣺ߣ϶˷ߣϴ΢֣Գֵ֮ˣ϶ľݣԸȽ򣬺ٿ˵
ĸôеˡ
ֵİ̥ߣָݣС۾ӡʨ죬Ҳ˵ǹ죬˶ڼӶ⣬£ǴӲ⣬һϴ󳣺հ
Ȼ⣬츳ȴǼѣ˵ԪػƷʾȻϵȣҲ˵ֻҪʱȥÿһ˶н۾Ŀܡ
Ϊ׳գȴ׳գⶨǵ츳ͷϲ⣬áﶬĸļìܣӶӦ
һգӥ˷ɵһѩ֮ʱͷӥȻһֻӥֹͣ˷Уضԭһᣬ㻺²
һ䵽棬ֵеϴ󳣺磬ԾҶǰ棬˵ӣǰѩؽѩ룬ǽӦô
ѩôҶ̧ͷȥԼȺɽȴǰããһƬĴǱѩأ綼˱
վǿת۱һ˪ܣԴˣҶ΢΢üǹӵġ
תͷһۣȴǼȻæҲûתȻȻӭǶͨСϣһյĻãԵ÷ǳ񾲡
ôˣ֣һº͵ӿȥɢȥƺ⣬
ûʲô磬߰ɡѩصغУҶŰڿҰرǰĳǳҲԽԽ
£ɵ̫ߡһͷӥ䣬кУɽ¶ϺӰΣӥѳתŲ
ֵ벽ҶӰ׷˹ȥ
˳ǣҶֵܰһ·ɱȴͬǣǰˣȻһҲûеʯѣ쫷ɨ
ҶĿģ﷢սѩѾˣââѩȻû˴սѪ֮ߴĶϺȴ²ͣǰ
ڳѰ˰ҹ˵ǻˣҲûһǳص˱ƾʧһ㡣
˲ģǰУٴξȴһˣΩǹϹʬɢ䣬ʬ׶ΪҲвѰգñѩᣬ״Ҳԡ
ҶЩ֮óֵп·ǽһ·֮ϵʬ׷ûԪ׻𻯣һҲûЩʬˡ
ɽֵ۵ùǺַҲǴԲ;ҶҲ㲻˳֡
ٴڱѩбһȺͨѩգһʲ֪м֧ѩĹĲƫʦ˵أѩĹľսڰպҾӣ׷˹԰ȥˡ
ҶЩ˸ڣͷ棬ɫ̲ʤ뵽һ·ʱ
һ·ƼǧߡĲҾ㱣ѩսȥѩ֮صƽ񻹲֪ˣ
Ҷãѩìܵĺܣǰֻ뾡Զⳡ·ǣŽ֮˽ȳ󣬾Զ߸߷ɣһ龰ȴ뾡սҡ
ҶͻȻԵҪѩƽܹЩشʥˣǱȹ˵ǰ£һһԼܾľ;
ԼҲҪڣΣգǱʱ볣ֵܷɱʲôʥߡҲֻҲˡ
ҡڲ˼һ·ͣͣǰƹһѩɽͣǰȻʣֻһϸˮѩ׵ɽȣȻʡ
ѩڣĴ캮ضѩ׷ɣûвöģȴͻȻһĺˮϣƺƵ
ۣҶΪ֮һ֮ʣͻе磬Ǻұˡ
ұҶһ˳ȥֻçĺУһðʯݳɵĳǳأɽˮͷȻޣ޷֮䣬ˮһǸ߰ٳߣɭȻŽɷ׳ۡ
гǰѩһӰӭΪһҶһ䵽أ˵Ҳ編ƣҶһҲʶ㶡


368 ·
ֵҶ֪֮ʣΪ֮һ֣ȥ˵ɳ۶ȥ
˷׷ǰ·Ϊ֮һӵҶֵ󣬾ǰС
һʮյſڣֻǰһ۶΢ЦǺķܶӵˡǶƤñƤۣƤñģ䡣
ӱеߺȣͬʱԣ˵ӭ
Ҷһٵɣ񣬷ܾ
ʮһƤ¡ƤñķɻǰӭӣֵĵǹӲ֪ѩĹʲô٣ųֻҶ˵һ·ҲͲʡ
˺ұһլһƤñķɱӭҶ˽ȥҶֻһլУӦþܼһЩ֮ˣ֪լдձ̺ǻϷ˲ȹȴһˡ
ɱӶӳұѳΪǰսأ졢ָʹתƵѩĶȥˣڴ˰һգҵȱ㻤ѩĶ
ҶҲʣֵߣƱһڷ֮ơ⡢ȡ̡
γУһðѩ˶һЪ
ڶ磬ͻȻ磬ǰǸɽ£㵽ˡҶɽΰһӻˮ죬ɽԱϡ
һתɽ£ǰչһƬѩԭܲĵӪʣǧ䣬ͣ߸أѲӡ
ҶķܡɻɱӹٱȡŽǡصĴ
ͻȻɽ죬յڹٱҷֿһƥߴ񿥵ѩ޳˳䱳һ״󺺣ҶУڻˣ
ͻȻɿҶ֣ӭȥһͷײ˵ĻУǲʤ֮ϲ
ֻڽʿź꣡꣡꣡
ȻźҶһĿĹˣʿ鵶أǻע
±Яվм䣬Σǵ⣬ֵһӵͦò硣
Ҷȴв΢΢ţۿǺһԼҶ֪񺫱ԸȥȴǺʶԼαװ
ߵҶǰͣ£˫ͻȻһ˿⣬ֵ
ҶװȻ̬һǰ·ԼȴҶУƤЦⲻЦγȥвʣҶ֪ԼģѩĹ񣬿Ҳ΢΢Щһ£Ҷ𸴣͵ʲôϿǰɣˡŵŵӦû˿ģȥѩĹʶ֪꣬ѩĹʲôãƢ˶ҶͻشΪ⣬ҶҪЦشʻҪġ
Ҷȴһʱͷ綷ȻҲŵ֮ȴδʵۣռųԼһ֮ҲЩ
˿ѹסп״󺺺ұػֵΪӾţ;ۣĽҰôѾ˱ƼȣΪӷ硣һֵ룡
˳ǣһƬĹһɲʻ𣬲ûԻʹУѾںϯ磬һŮüĿߣҶ׷׷
Ҷ˰֣վҪ£һƬһ֮䣬ʿлҹ˽
Ҷһ̧ͷ˶һƬҶҪڣлҹݵڵأãùΪҵգ𷣡
⻰վҶ׵ĺɫһ䣬˺ȵʲôȲûùðȣˣϳȥˡ
Ҷû뵽⺫УпᣬŵʿûǰҶæе
ΣѣҪĻʹ¾Ķʧء˵һ䡰ҶûüЩЩʲôͱ׵ĺ˵һһ㶣֪νӻ
˽ԻĿҶЦһ£ǿסص²ǣʵԱƲߣΣǾûҪ֪ˣ˵֮ʣлҹǱȻǾɡ
лҹվ
ҶһӣϯʼˣںףȻлҹ£½дͳνӷϯ˳ȥ
ʱٹٽμʲôʹԽ֪ʹ¡󽫾Сָʹָʹȵȡ
Ҷһʱ֮Ҳǲ࣬ÿӼһˣҲֻǺЦ˵ͷ
ڴʱײײһʿе²áϵǳ̽죬һ㶡
¾ţԳ󽫷緶ʵ
˿ĭǰ̽ϢѩĹԽӣ򺫼ұ·
ʲô͵վʧдѵѩˣ
ȥ̽
̽ëСүһ·ߣȫ˷棬ѾʧˡҶˣаֹһ׼·ˣȻ
Ҷ뷨δ꣬⴫ٵڽ⣬ֻһ̽ӷѩڰһսɳѩʧݣѩĹĴ֮һĺʮұ
ڽŭѩĹѩĹɣ˿׷ʹ򣿡
ԭΪѩĹкѩԪ˧˹ܱҲʮ򣬶Ҿǿйѩ룬һҲʧأʮʿĪǴ̽󣿡һĹ򾲣³е˫ȴǴ˲
£УޡѩʧݣѩĹԭѩľӣ֮ǵ֮УʮʿضżʮѩĹĽ
δ䣬ңңΪ֮ǣһʿ첽ݵڵأѩĹ󽫺ǰ򣬽ұפұɶܶΪӣΪǰ潻սΣֽ˫ϢѩĹʾβ±ɵﺫұ
ЩδӴľ£ҶδϻۣʱҲǲ֪Ӧԣÿһ˱ϣֻǵͷȴ룺ʮǰģȥὫС
лɫ⣬صģоǰȻ˺ұسǵĿǺѵױһʮڻ£ټϺָʹĹǼưٳԹˣѩĹһǰԽ׳ذ벽
Ȼ˾ĿⶼҶϣҶӶجŪͷת򣬲֪Ǻãб򺫱
΢΢ף֮ƣ˱һսʵڱ
ǶͬУҶ룺⻰˵˵û˵˭ʤ˭ܣʲôϵٱϼ䣬˾Ҫˣ㡭
л˼ǣ˵֪ʲôıûУ
·Ҷ˼ؽδͷ˵˳
·СۿŴۣۿۣĴɵɵ
Ҷ˵˿ڣп಻ֻӲ׵ѩĹվҪٳ£ǰľʵݾѩĹܱѲʮ򣬵ʵСӲƴִֻеķݶ
Ҷ˵˾Լͬͻƣ
Ҷ֮䣬תͷѽʲôʮߡ˸͸֪ΪϺл˸ߣ˵ԼıЩñֵȻʤ࣬ǼߣԼôķӡ
ʱֲòȥ˭ðӵĹƼ䣬ͻȻһƣڶؽеǿɽɢΪ㣬λսΪһٲҪ·ˡ


369 
뵽˷Ծ˷ܣһͬ˷
ⶼʲôӦѵǶԱΪ֮ߡĴɻ󣿡Ҷ˾䡣
ˣֻǳһʱûӦļƲߣŻˡ䳡֮ʣͻȻǰһֵ
ӦҵļƲߣ˻˶٣Ҷеɻ
ܸռ̳дͳԺұĶƲô˽⣬ݳ˵һ£ˡ˵ͻȻȻѩĶ뺫ұվ֣洦ɼ侪֮ǷҲѶȣѩĹйռѩĹ֮ģѩĹһι̳дͳ⼸Уι޲ľӪұߣ½ѩĹһ֮享ұѩĶĪ˵ǳؼ񣬾ȫȫڴ˴㣬ٿ⣬ƶϣֻҪѩĹĵо޷ƳǽǺұ֧Ŷʮ꣬ƾѰ֮޷ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ĵо˫Ҳܺȥˣ
ˣԴҶأû뵽
˴󽫷ȣʱȻôȥԸоһĳ̾ҵȽǿأ֪Ψй´ıԶ
Ψ֮ƣҪأҲͬоʿҹúϢ˯ľ㾫оչλս
ǳأȥҶû뵽֮󣬾Ȼ˵һԭɲȥоʵʵڵ·ȻǶôΪҲùˣֻҪԲǸ·ۡ
һᣬҶǵĿֻסǣס˿Լֽǳս֪Ҫ˶ˣȻصסǻƨصĺãһսǧû񲻶һϡ
ɨڽĿںлϣ˶ɳϽǸӦöܵôµĽɫ뵽
ӦǰҶƬ̣λսԻչ㽫ȫȷʮغұѩĶĲÿ죬ֻһΣ֮䣬Ѳߣ򲻵õоϸǡ
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Ҷֶл˵лıΪȫܲıȫˣָӣ͵ش
ֵҲ¡תͷҶ򳣼ϴ磬ֵǧڳЧѩѲӣ֮ڣֵˣΪţдݡ
Ҷһۣ룺ӣˣȥо˰ɡ
ڽɢȥҶҲŹԺȥֱԼǵ۵ϣһᣬǺòȥһ룬ͷˡ
һŹŮҶƹһƬƬС԰Щ԰бֲ׷紵ѩ£涡
Ҷȴʼں棬߶ֻĴǸǽ֪ԼסδȻߴҪ˵ģԼŶĵ
ͣͣ䣬һ֮ǰѾդդû߽ˣ
ʱǺŮѾˣǲߣҶǴģ¶Цݵһˣ
Ѿһ㶣Ц濡ѽ
ŵѾδǵĹЦ
ɾʱһ֧ƿնǰ·ŮֱָҶţҶһӣȴûļͷ˵Ķ硣
δףҶκ˳֮⣬ֻҲȺ䵽Ҷ׷ء
һХɣһô֮󣬷磬۶쳤ԼҶ΢΢һ
룬˭ô󵨣ȻѩĹ֮ڣżʱȴ꣬Ȼˣ⹬֮ɳ룬ԼżݶӦòͨ
ӦþѩСӰɣͷһ³ͽˣ˵еıʲôΪ㡯ļƲߣЩүڿ֣ʸǵϴ󡣡Ҷɻ֮ʣһĽϸߡƤ΢ڵ꣬۾
ȴǲֻ࣬һȽԲһǷףеɫҲ΢ϲ˹
˭Ҷüͷһ壬°ͣꡣ
Ǻ٣ǺҴ纫Ƕ纫סƤ΢ڵ꣬һЦҶһֵ˵ꡣ
ԭǺҵүҶ¶һ˿΢Ц˵һӦòôù
ұ̼ܽϣǶӣע˺ԴС˾ͺٳұÿ춼ڱѩһҲѵһ죬쵽û뵽Լϴˡ
Сԭˣѩǹ񡣡ʱǰ洫һϸĽŲĵζ˾Ϊ֮һ
Ҷͷȥֻһλ΢Ц˹⸾毺ã˫ᣬȹ΢ҡɢһɺ¶Ĺ
ˣʱḷ́Ҷʱ϶˿ɰЦݣλ̡һ̡
򲻿ɣѩڹΪһ֮ݲͬգԺɱʩˡҶ΢Ц΢΢ƫûҶһ
СӣȥѩΪһ֮ɲܺһͻȻͷѵ
û£̣һеûţҪ˽ˣλүˣòˡҶ֣ˡ̡Ļ
ʱѩĹڲһҲԼʲôѩĹҲ˻ɣţǿ֪̽һЩϢôô׾⺫ȥ
ǵġǵģѩĽƵģȥ󣬿ɱͷӣˣȻǻܲҵġһҶ˵ʱ
⼸Сˣһ죬̫ȻͷǣԼȥ˵ͷеүٴ΢ЦĿҶһۣƮƮȻˡ


370 ֮
һߣһεҶǰ£ңϸһ°ͣҡͷԵҶõĶӣͷӵֶҺٵϴ󣬼Ǳүϵϴ󣬱ˣɲУոնܱүٽӼοɵöġ
һϴһ֪
ȵȡҶüͷһ壬ǣеɻ˭ϴˣҿɻûӦǵϴ󣬱еôȡ
һֱûĺףһ⻰æеԣԣ桭Ǹ㡭ϵĴ㡭Ĵ硭ȻǵϴˡȻĻӦôС
ѾͷϵĴ㣿⼸ȻģҶȴҲףֻôҲû뵽Ȼ˺ٵĴ㡣
ɲôǴͷӸӲҪҲΰƵͷȻѹĲᡣ
ϴͷ˵ʲôΪ㡯ļƲߣǲҪ˳ȥ̡ͻȻǰһ䡣
ҶⲢģڴﶼôʶҲֻôˡ
һʱеι˵ϴ󰡣ö˶˵ظôȥЩ쵰ĹֹǣȥЩսˣԼԸͷӲҪŴ磬ŶǶȥȴЩҶһ϶ҲͰˣͷ֮һȥ򣬾ҲҺٵʱҲһҪȥ򣬿Ǵķ
ŭﺫ˵˵жսɳõĹޣԺ˹ƾսϵѪҲûʱˣҲֻ»ҰС
ʱһţ˿ĭ˵ޣʲôģ̫òżһΣɲܺȹˣȥô
ãëƤȺֶ֬࣬ƷϴγһΣǻܵ˼ЧʱҲõţϴƵĺܣһȥ԰ܰɡʱعͷǻ鿴Ҷ
ðˣ̽̽ĵΣҪѩĶ뺫ұʵڿסˣҲýɲţǳأĹ϶ʮ꣬ĺãһٵĻҶȻӦ
˵ҶʵҲȽϺó֮ˣǰ˵Ƶζڵϣǿǹı˭ȥԣû˼ˡ
һһͳȱˣ˹ֱ򱱡
ѩĶ¸ӵĵͣһ·ǳеĵطѩ˲٣ĴǼߺĻѩŻѩ·ŢУҶ뺫ٶߣὡߵü졣
߽һѩѩǵѩ֣֮ʱǰĺܣܣ˳ָ֮ȥֻԶѩһĽӡԶһǰܵ㼣
˸߲ңŽӡ׷ȥ
ܵĽ̤ڻѩ֮У磬СҲ٣һ˴ߺȣ첽ǰֻӡһ·˱ѩɭ֣ѩԭ֮ϣ˱øӿˡ
ѩԭáػһУȴѩ֮ҶһҲǴϲдʳζƣһڸ֮ȥͷܴѩб۶ͷѩǱһԣѩܱʱչб·ӭ˹ȥ
ʱѩµ󣬱־쾡ǰããһš
ʮɣѩͷ쵱ͷ޴󣬱һһͷͻȻͷԶȥҪӡ
һ·֮ϣ˵ѩףֻҪӳɣѩԭͬҪҵǼѣѩţĸǱԶ
ҶһХĳƷǽǰͷѩ׵棬úȥԸٴεɣźͷͼܵѩȥ
ಣͻȻűӭϮҶ΢΢ѩܵĹ죬˫žؿڡ顱죬ˡ
ҶЦһֲŸոմﵽʦѩܵĹҲˣֱӻ˷Ӳһ£Ϣƽ
ĹЧѩܺȻſһݵѪڣҶҧɹ
ǹ񱩵ġٶ룬Ծѩܺ棬һץѩܵԴʱָצâ˸ϣע־ó棬ڸצС
ꡱһѩܵһҺ׻Խʱѿͷ˫žһ죬ѩܵĶǸ
ܸ֮ÿһƶҶע壬ѩܵʱѣڵ·һᣬѩг鴤º󣬱ˡ
ʱŻͷ򺫼٣ֻˣÿһ΢΢Ӧһ£еĳӦöα˷еء
ųһ£һ£ÿΰһâӣͻͻȻƶһҴһһһѩܸк
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ֱӲÿѩܱǰվԭҲ־ǻӳӭϣѩܴʱԣ¶ɭɭݣ˿ˡ
ѩʧȥԣ˲ܿۡһѳͬʱѩѩܵͷ˫һ̧ѩܲҺУڵأѳεĽѩ֮С
ϴϴ󣡡Ҷ׾٣һ˾͸㶨һͷѩܣº壬˼ҿֱܣԼгһˣȴѩܶôһƤ졣
ٺ٣ûʲô˶ߣһߡҶ΢Цİ˰ڣźٵ
ǰǿռߣǱϵߣϵߣǱԡһǰ΢΢еԺƵϴ߰ɣ
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ٺ٣һǿˣ߿ɱǿҲﵽ磬һܴϴ󣬵ʱϴλãٺ١
ôĴһ˫޵ߣͿԡҶ⣬Ц
ʲô
ϴӵ
һʣϴˣ
ôôҶһ߽ѩһ΢Ц
Թԣ¿˲ˣΪʲôΪʲôҳñϴߣҲñ׳Ǳ˧ΪʲôΪʲôҡ
ˣˣˡݺһݺ䵽˺ͷϣʹðǡˮ
磬ңعͷԲɡ
һռϣ˷ˡһͷ֮ԣҲһͿٸһ˫ʣҲȥ
˵ҲǡͷѵİãҶһԱƾð뱬Цĳ嶯
ǻǳԶɣĶˡһ꣬׵ĶƤ桰쳣
ðɡҶ̲סĻЦ½ѩܵѪ˳˵ѩѪδʱҲһζҶܺѪУζŵ壬ȻûһѪ֮ǺúȣʮڲŰա
Ӹףһѽסϲڱ
Ҷ˺ƣڻϿ
ƿ˳˸
ͻȻһӰһľҷ죬һƣֻһѩ׳ߴѩбҶҪ֣ȴ߲Լ
ֱͷµϵѩܣҧ࣬һʱֻ˷ʮߣһҧѩܣһͷѩ̼ķѣЩߵĿС


371 ׷
ȻЩߣɫһ䣬æеͣϢҶ㼴һᣬֻѰ
мһŻȳҶϢֻݷֿһµĳԼʮɴͷΣͷϸ߸һ͹͹
߱ϲ£ѩУһ㲻Ϣ˵ˣǰЩߣҶѴھ֮Уֳһڰľߣ״Ǵδ
Ⱥ֮УһЩ߱תЩѵİѪ⣬͵ǰѪһţһѪһ̽һǰѻѩת۲
ʲôߣҶ۳һߣٵĶС
ѩʦħߣһ㶼ǳɰǧһлһħӡû뵽ѩܾһȻǺ죬һʱû⡣
Ҷߣϴô죿ȺǴѩܳҲˣҪûԱתǣǾˡ
Ҷ֪Щ߶ܼ࣬ǣ΢΢һᣬ˵Ҫȥվ̤Ⱥ
ȺϢʱţͷѪͷ˻˻ֻ˳ҶƣҲóȻǰ
ڴʱһ󺮷Ϯ壬ֻһཻϸ˹̼ǰһԭʲôߣȴѩԭʲôѩһƺɫɫˮͬʱԽԽʢ
Ҷɫһ䣬æ˺˼ֻѩԭкˮһӨ͸ȴһߺССȺѩߡ
Сߴм΢̵İߵ㣬Сϸһ򾣬͸ֱˮɢֺž綾
ɹǣɫɫһںһ𣬱ֿʼֱ󣬱޶ĴʱҶףɫɫֲͬľ綾ˣһֶӦþͿһֽⶾ
ȺѩڼҶʱڣʱһСߣȴƺµҪһſǴͷ
ˮСѸ쳣һѩӣһ·Уһȵ̿һ㣬ڴߵļϸʴһߣͷ֮ʱߵĳѶΪ
СͷԵĶң˱Һ̼ӱʹ˲٣ԶԶȥһϸСˮƿװɫ֭Һ
Ҷ־ȣĵһһСϸСȴǽȺ߶ŵò̧ͷֻСϲûΪЩȴµˣ
ʱͷ򺫼ȥȴǿǵһ󷢰ףһ࣬˫ҲһСѵ˿¡
ϴ󣬿ǱȻһּҶ𣺡С֮ȻĹҲ򲻿ӣȻû
ΪΣһ˵ŻҶǱ˻ȥӺٵĿУ϶ǲûڿЦСķǳ¡
ѵûֿôǱҶԱߣЩ
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˺δţҲܶᣬǻʲôĻں棬ȻʶС߶ڿУܸоʶĴڡ
ɽһᣬʶʲôһ㣬ԽԽ٣ԽԽֱʧ
ʱҶԼûӦʶһֶֺͬˣû뵽СɢĶȻʶҲɣֱֶǹɺ絽Լϣѱˡ
СʮһȦ֭ħߵͷϣСͷҫһߵһۣȥ
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ϴʲô涾߾ǿҲٶǡ˸һ·ҶٶȺ죬ת۾ͳһ׵㡣
ҵķԸȥ죬ҪģҺܿͻҶٶͬʱʧǰѩ֮УܣȴǱ̤ЬٴȫѹС߾Ȼǡߡ򲻿ܷŹˣơ鵤֮һ
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Ƭ̼׷ʮأǰˮȣһٲԣ̶ٲϪߣ㼴ʧٿ԰ҲйĺۼȻСȻˮˡ
Ҷ쿴һᣬͨһҲˮСүǸý׽סɣһˮУѰٲСϪƲȴʵһƿڣ治ȴżʮƽĺˣǱ¼ʮˣȴûСߵӰӡ
ֻϪǱȥٴѰ߰ˮĺɫã֮УͻȻǰˮе㵭ĺܿɢˣҶϲæǱ˹ȥĵܣ
ɾʱһ̵ӰӣһʯйĴܳϢҶϮ
ȻӰӣûзҶʶҶɫһϰ˿δˮжȻƿߣһӰһӹ
ôģˣæҶһӰʱСˮбñֱͨɫһЩĺƣģ֮ǰһˣʵЩ֣ӻɢϢȴض֮ǰСɡ
æУҶ˲ϸ룬ʹ׻СߵĹƣһ֣֮ɫ˿⣬Ϊʱˮ¶ԽԽͣѵ˽ıԵ
ڵó缤ŭȻȥҶ˫Ŀ˸ƵƵˣͼҳһЩõĶʱͻȻС߿Уˡ˿˿ĹＫΪܡ
СߵףȻҶ΢΢һȻɫ䣬˲˼ĵ˳ȥһҶˮԶľ룬ͣΡ
Ҷ˾ٶģСһںд̵ĺ뿪һ˲䣬ƬˮǿʼһᣬֻˮοճһɴСı
һУСٴηһӾͻȻŤ䵽Ҷߣſһڱ˹
һιٶ̫죬һҲʩչҶ
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ҶٴĹСףֻС۷ɭĺ⣬ĶҶٴνļơ
üŭˡҶаֹһ䣬չǳˮ
һҶȻҪ뿪С߶ʱҲΪһӰβ׷ˮ棬ٶȾȻ֮ǰֿһࡣ
ҶæУͷһۣʱһԼչС߾ȻܸϣҶһ䡰ߡҺѩֻԶʩչҲ֧ȥ׿һһ·


372 
ããһƬѩԭ֮ϣһӰǰ񱼣βһཻССӰ
ոս󷨲úõĺĿõɫ䡣
ǿûҶٶȣҪǲµס涾ߣǾ͵˥߿ˣ֪еԹҶˣû¸ȥֹߡ
ҪǣҶѾ⼸˵Ĵ磬ͱˣǻ涾ߵٶȣ˲ɾ
УҶͷ˱涾һۣȻĿƵϣоͺɵµ
пע˾һС
ԣһۺ󣬽Ҷĺһͬɶ˽ȥ
涾߼Σһ㶣һľ͵󷨰УžҪֱ׷ǰһʮ̬ĹΧм䡣
һУһŰ׹ӱ涾߷ΧʮٵתһȦȻХһŲӰֱ׷Ҷ˶ȥŰ׹һҶתۼͲһټ
龰涾ܼζҪһ㣬ֻǸγһɣһεǽڣ㼴תͷֱһܣܺεǽȫĳ·
͡һ涾ٴΰ׹һܼȥڰ;ӭͳתۼɢİ׹ͱž޴ޱȹţյĿռ䶼ˣӳѩһƬԵù֮
ۿ׹⵽˳̶ȣ涾¶һ˿֮ɫıֻ֮ҪƬȫᣬͿƳһƬռ䣬ڵһܽһ㲻ʣʱʲôǽȻˡ
ҶѾŭ¶ԷأɲǱ涾ߵıԡ
Ƭ׹Ŀռ䣬Ȼҫ۹âű㷢ˡꡱ֮Ŀʼ
ƬγɵĿռİɫâڲһһƬռ·ʱӡ
龰վĺȴǱĵ֮
ϴ󷨾ҪƳˣûˣǻǸϽɡе㾪壬Ҷ
ôŽ涾ôܾҶ̧ͷעǰŰ׹ΣͷҲûصص˵
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ǵһ̧ͷҶɫݣ΢΢Щ˫һ˿˼ɫ
ϴֶξ˵ɣҪڹˣûкֶΣǾԲǱ涾ߵġȻ侲Ŀڵ
˴˻һ㶣žһҶȻҲҶһ֮ݣԲܽԼһ£ܳμƵġ
ҶԣЩĵͷ˵һЦ
ģҼȻֱ涾ߣȻɫ糣˵һͣʮɢŵ޺˳С
ǻϵ޾ˣôôࣿȵĽг
޺˺龧֮Ķȷڴ½ټʼҶóһ޺ˣѾе㾪ˣһ뵽Ҷһ֮ݣЩ޺Ҳʲôܵ¡
ٴμóôͬĻϵ޺ˣһҲе㲻˼ˣϾǿֻ֪Ҷ֮
֮ǰǿûʲô뷨Ҫ׽涾ߣû׼ʲô
˺һ㣡ҶЦĿ˺һۣǵעУҶе޺˷˫м䣬΢һӣ㼱䣬ΧŰ׹ⲼһȦƬռ˲䱩СɫĻ⡣
ͬʱҶ˫ÿһ޺ɢһͬ뵽˰֮С
ԭҡҡ׹İɫĻһЩ⣬Ϊ֮һȣ˵ġꡱ֮
Ǳ涾ߵֻǴС죬ԽԽԽԽƵľޱߵͷһƬǣѡ
վҲɫ԰Ҷͷһۣ涾֮ǰ̹ˣȻûʲô󰭣Ժ˵ɲСӰ졣
˺㣬Ҷһ䣬ֻعͷЩŰ׹⣬ʱ涾ùŸˣҵĳײĺɫκеĽʯһ˿
Ļŵķˣ֪Ҷõ󷨾Ȼ󲻼򵥣ˣ׽涾߻Ҫпܡ
һǱ涾أڹȦѸߣ룺Ȼסˣȴ׽Ҫ׽͵ƿ󷨣һƿǲ͵ڽô
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«ϵ޺˹ɵĹȦа׹һ«һȦڣǱ涾ߡಡһ«ҶҲǴϲæ̳ɵס«ӣ˫˺«¶˷֮ɫôڽ׽ˡ
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׽涾֮ǰǿ׶Ҷ˵ҪѩĹģȻ֪ʱΪʲôô˵Ӧ涾Īϵڱ涾ߵ֣ǲζžͿԴѩĹô
һ뵽˷ܵУ˸ӵɫڡ
ϴҼʶһ£ģǰû˭׽涾ˡһֿڣֱԾҶǰ˫۶еˮ«
ţҶЦһһףͽ«Ӹ
Ӵҵ裡һӵ֣ȴǿҲûæˮ«˺ףƵĿѾ˫ֱ֣򺮲
ģ㲻ҪôôҲûӸҡ֣һ仰û꣬«ó棬ֱȺ䣬«ִֽֽ֣֣溮ǣʵסֽһֽ«Ӹ˺
˭Ϻһʱûע⣬úһӣȻֱֱ«׵ͷ֮ϣһɸӲˣ֮ϣֻԴʹѵƺȫѪҺҪ˱
鼱֮£һԴҰڶŽ«γͷðĿźףȥ̧־Ǻݺһ顱ֱıôú׹Ǻϡ
ϴ涾̫̬ˣµĿˮ«һۣҲҪ֮¡
쵰Ȼ֪̬ΪʲôҪӸҡʱúõǹĺףףݺݵö˫һգ
磬ҴˣҷĲǹģɫԣ˫žͳѩĶȥ
ܣ쵰վסһŭȣڵ׷ȥ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһˮ«סУᴫ䣬ǴӺ«ðƬ֮䣬«һİ˪¶ȼ½


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ʲôұʧأҶɫеһͷӦ·ˣΧм䣬Ҳýͷֳֻǿ򾲵˵źұգʮҲڻôôգù˳ǣ
֪ѩĹ֪ѩˣѩһɱɵ߿ѩܣñѩֱӹݣؽһʱ⣬ѩĹ㹥ռ˺ұл̧ף
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˭֧ʱͻ仯䴩һױԴڿд˸ƲֹմѪļͷͻȻಡһû޷ƨ֮С
쵰֮գӶҪǣǲ_ĿȣһѰγƨϵļ֧˾ݻƨɣˣʵҶƵˡ
һسʿϲһезƨɣسǽʿǴܣɽƵĴ󺰡
ʱҶгɫǰֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ϸѴ޻Щǲľеƣ
лʸʯ£Ӷż꣬ݣսʿڳ¶Ѫʬѣڵʹְ죬ǲˡ
ƣҶϴ󣬵о٣ʱܴʤ뾭ʹʾЩ쵰
лҲףҶΪΣ
ҶüͷңңһۣŵɣоȻʧأȥ·βδҵʰĵزԷ߳ߣҾؾУ򲻿ðȻ׷
ϴ󡱺
ضԣգʱһһ𸴵ġҶһӣ˳ͷŹڲȥ


374 ƶ
Ҷ뺫٣첽Уص
˹Ҷ㽫װ涾ߵĺ«ڹ֮ϣ֪涾һͻȻʹõԽԽ䣬ʱвڵĲˮҲ˱
ֺ䣬£ֻ룺֣֮Уֵ㲻Ҳø
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ҪѩʲôѵŪտ죬е⶯⻹治
һ˳ԣǳԣһָ̧֣һ
ӴԴŭź磬ٴν棬´λҵͷȻ򲻹㣬ҲҪ
Ƥǣһ㵽סһ䣬̧߳˴
ɵվʲôȥæŪѩߵǰ治֪Ϊʲôֵܣ˼ҶſڣһﾹȻųԡ
һʳһԱôȥֹ̡ں߳ĺ׿źһûһ㳤֣֮ôڿֳô
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷһЦʮһ״룬СİѺ«ڴһ˿ʱһ˿ཻУƺֳֻʣæٲһЩͨˮ
һ˿̣׵ڵˮ֮Уʹˮ˱ɫ̵ıһһ⣬ĵӿͷû뵽һ˿Ȼ̺ô̬Ķԡ
΢΢һᣬٰѾõĶҺֳʮݣÿһݶҺĺһʮУȻֽҲá
ڴеһᣬ㴫ġѩĽҶ̧ͷһֻſڵը˹һ㣬óһ·
һֻ˳ߡԼɵľ޴ףų򣬳߷ɱ
Ҷоȣһ񣬷ſ壬鲢ᣬһ˶ֻ״Сϰڵסˡ
úÿ죬裬ֱǰǿ֮˷ףȴǺˣһֹ࣬Ҳɡ
վȺ⹬еɵɵԼ˰ѺŭʲôȻǶףʮȦ
Χ۵һ⻰׷׿Ҷһۣ΢΢˵ͷæͻǱ˸ɾ
ģȻҿҵЦ徲ˣ֮䣬׿۸ڵأסͥԺС
Ҷ״΢ЦŪĴһʲô
ױգûҲŪǶ磬ûϹָӣ˵ʲô£һҪ׵ģҲˣƫƫЩ̧һҪҶǹ˽𡣡
⻰ҶҲգ΢΢һ£˺⣬Цⶫóѩ˶ˮý֮档
ʱü뺫ʮʿ̧ʮͷѩƵ˽ȺףȴֿտգԲ󣬲
ƽƽƾʲôһʲôҲȴ׼У۷裬һת˹֮УֵʲôҲҪˣ
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ҶЦҾҪƶЩֻҪ鶾ԣȴû뵽жض񣬵ʱǶ֭粻У治ôãף㵱ŪĲ
ƤһȣЦҵġ
ԭ㣡Ҷ˵꣬˺һۣЦ˺ˣھͿʼɣһ꣬ȴһֻѩӽ֮УһϡͺõĶˮһһ붾ˮӭײѩȥ
ʱ䣬ֻѩҷɣϣŲѣһᣬţһͷŶѩȻ˶Ѱ׹ǣǰ׹ϻðšꡱĺ̡
վһԵҶ뺫Ŀɿڴ顯һ׳ˮڵϣ鿪·֪૵Ҳֲ̫̬̫˵ɡ
˵仰ʶԾȻʲôǾͷԼԱߣװŶˮĴ룬ಡһ£ԶݿֱֱԺſڣͣ
ҪЩˮһЩϣ׹ǵľˡ
ҶҲû뵽涾ߵĶȻôԵ΢΢һֱӶ˵붾ˮٴһֻѩףһһϡ
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ʱĲֻʮĹ򣬹ѩʼıȻԽԽ嶯ԽԽҡ
Ҳʼ˾˵ı仯Ƥë¿ʼ͹һ񣬶ԽԽ࣬ĲȫЩһƬ忴ȥԵ޹ʵĴһȦ
ЩֻάһСһһʱţ͵ٶҲø죬ǰѩ쳣壬ʹİҶҲЩˡ
ǰѩڲϵı󣬼š
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Ҷһһƨ˵ϣҪǷӦĹ죬¾Ҫѩıը˵һжܵһѪҲһ顣
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֪ⶾˮȻѾܶˣҲѾﵽҶҪı׼ˮеһ˿֮ȴҪ
ٽ׽˺ü²ԶȴǽˮһȦӣ㼴нòˣҲɪɪ
Уˮ䣬ûֵܹһ²ýеƫһۣҶ˵Լˮϣܲ㣡
Щ²Ȼ֪ʲô£ÿͬ鶼ߣȴûһܻЩУǰ쵣ǣ䷢Σµıһ̳䵽Լͷϡ
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Ҷ΢΢üͷ룺⡮²ѵˣѾѿʼ˪ڰţͻϺ˿˿ð˪Ҳʼڻ
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Ϊһ֮֮ʱǲ¶棬˿ܻ浱СˣľҲӦˡ
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⻰ȻŭȴЦҲˣ͵ѩĹѪˣʡõûд֮
⻰վҶԱߵҪҶȻЦ飬ȴû
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ҶпûҪһ֮ܡǣֻЩǿ߾һЩֲ֮£չ֮ơ


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ôҶֵֻЦ𻰡
ǼԹѵڣȻˣϴһǿ˲ԳȣѵʲôʤУҹζ࣬˽µĺá
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ҶӵһǺӽҶ棬ҶֻһЮ壬Ǻ㶯ãڱڶҪ˵ĸȵǾȥ򵱳ûͷ
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381 
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һڰ֮С
һַֻˣһɷġ֡
л˵һ䣬ͻȻѩһֱڶ״̬Ȼ˵Ƿ˼ڷȴûǵӻѩѵҪѩʽ˼壿
ɫһ˴֮жʱһεδЩꤵ˶Ҷ̧ͷһһޱȵ㳵Ӵ֮лʻԱΧڶĻ
ֻ֨ż죬ͣӳ洫һеƤǺǣƸ磬˭ŭˣǲҪɱˣ
ãҪ˵ִһŮ
Ҳû˵ˣƸųѪڤɱѪʽһǲѪ;ʣϲɱôһ֮ǷҲ˿
ݺݵҶһۣתݣһҵĺ»ұúóͷһ
ŮӳĬβŵҷ˼£Ƹ绹ǽ̸Ҵɡ
ǳŮ˼֣ϸֳһ˿εЦݵСݣˣȻ˵ˣǾС㴦ɡ
ģԭ겻Ƿ˼ˣһǹúӣһҶѾˣߡ
ռ䣬ȴƿһŮ˳
Ů˫껪üԶɽĿˮǣò´һֿĶζ߹ȥŮվһʱ
ʱϾȻƾմһصʣǾǧվһȻǹ°ģȻΨһĿ
ҶȻҲòףҲòޱȣʱվһȴеȻʧɫ֮УһƺһԼԼ֮顣
һᣬҶ˹ƨ룬Ҳ֪ǰŮȻҲΪǳվһͬʱѹסˣŸָо
Ҷ̾Ϊ˥ˡ
ջһϸλ˼ĴСǾ˳;棬糾֮ɫɫǸ㣬üмġ
һСѾ߱³ס˼С֣ӭ꼱æǰһסһַֻŷ˼С˳
˼СмһЦлƸ磡ûСѾ߷ֱ֣ǰ˹
㣬Ƹ磬ôˣһе㱨ԹĽӱһһ޵ŮӳԾ˵ء
ŮݴС㣬ֻͣסŲѩʲôڳвͦõôô䣡
һ龰Ҷһɣã˼ĴС㲻Ҫɱ˵ӣʲôųѪڤɱҪ˵


382 
Ƿ˼ĴС㻹ûŮȴǾֱҶǰһҶ˵һսľĻūţȻҴ˷Ƹĺ»ԡ
ʲôԣҶĿɿڴ˼ĶС㣬С̫ݡ̫˰ɣõȴɱ֣Ҳ̫˿ֲˡ
ҶĶסԼλСŭɫʲô֣
ߣǸЦҿɲҪȥˣ
Ҷ˷ۣһƲ
㣿ߣ⻰˼ĶСһʱ֪˵Щʲôƽʱڷ˼У߸ϣʩˣûΥ⣬ȴҶһ
ʱ߹ѩѵˡ
ҿ˵ѵܽѵôŮӣ˵仰ݻҶܣʲôʱֵСҲԼˣ˵զզСүɸ費ɣΪﵽʾ磬Сү㡪ȻʵʵǴ򲻹Сүǲ¡
ͷƸ˵ѩŭҶһĻһɵӻб£ǰˣķƸʱǵͷҲҴȻһôˣ⻹ʣһʱҶǰ׵ԺȤĴҶ
վԱߵĺǸ֣ƫƫûзҲֻ֣Цţжѿ϶Ҷúܲҡ
ʱҶа˼гǸѰ£¹ˣȴУ˵£գܾ֮Ժ󶨲СǷҪûȴ֪Ҷʵû뵽һ㣬˵ҶʱСʱȴ԰죬ȫԶģ˿˼ʲô
һ㣬ҶԼҲŪôһ£۵ҲҪʲô°ɣ
£Ҷü˲ԺһǿĶ֣Ǿ͹ֲԼˣһҶ̤һ
ҪɱҸôͻȻعͷ
Ȼ˴ҵ£ɱɡɱʤ֮䣿е㼱
㲻ˣҵĶ֣ǺǣƸ磬ǵδءʱķ˼СǻѪҶƸ磬⼸ȡһԡ꺮
˼ĶСһЦãġôķ˫ü
ҶûˣѪʽСС͸˵ĹâСѾͷСôϻ˵Ƹ磬ҲҶģôң걻ԸԼİǰʧӡ
أõΣô䣿ˣȻһҴӽԺ󣬲鷳˵Ҷüˡؿһ˭ġ˭ģòͳô˼С㲻ں˵һĿעŲҿɲܣֻҪˣҪӥ͸ң
дŭСѾͷȻս޵⣬ˣһɱʡ¡
ͷֻǰɱڣԽҶһ
˺ˣô˼ĶСЦЦ
걻סİ֮ûڳҲ򲻻ʾĬƬ̣ҲգҾʹȬȡ١
Ա߿˿Ŷһ㶣û뵽ǾҶҶŭֱðʱƴʽҲûһʤ㣬Ҳòǿѹеŭ
ãǾ˵ˣƸ磬ǴӺ˵ĻǧҪڡ˼ĶС˵ЦЦͷҶɫǸԸһҪȡʤźá
Ҷһ࣬û˵Լһ˻ɲݰ
СɫΪܰȡ÷ƸġӥԺƴӣ֪ô˼ĶСȡһ֧ƿҶſ
ҶһɣвסԷƣſ죬ѩһһУҶֻڼ븹Уһʱڷҷȫ̩ؿڵʹǽҲࡣ
ǡѪ굤˵ʥҩǧСôʱҪǲȡʤҾͰˣȥιСĳѩҶ׽
Ҷɫ࣬һŵͷߡ
ѩ׷ͻȻȻʤˣСҲôģҪͰȻȵʱͳˣ
ˣѩ㲻Ҫˣһֱһû˵ķ˼С㣬ͻȻǰһѩ˻ȥͷʹ˼ѩɣ
ڴʱ˼
Ҷͣ½ŲͷһƳ֮£ֻ˶ۣߣһǸŮӣ˶׽ԼԼòÿ˵İ۽ϺȻһ֮
һ˫ָ߸߾ÿֻиһĺƣŮȴǽһֱƯڿеöƻУ˵ʥѩĹ¹ӭӣȻԵüΪǿơ
ҾѩĹʲô¾˵ɣҶ֣ʽûǿֻôͷɥȥǺڣ֪ˣͲӦߴ󼪡
ѩĹ˼ĴСǰӼ󣬶ǣҲ¶͸ЩǿᣬҲһôҲû뵽һ֮Ȼðղսĵ˻еǳ֮
ҶԷ˼ĴСЦûҾѩĹ½ĹãѩսңЩǳģҪͷǳŷƵŮ˵
ǳģλСγԺ⣿Ҷŵ飬ֻǻûŪɣѩĹܺߡҶڼڷŮӺᣬҲѰŮӣЦͽѿ֮кã˼ӻѶϢ֪ѩսңɱʹʽ΢ƻ𡢷»ʹǰһͳѩӴսңȫ£󣡡
ֻл뺫ұ˵ѩȻ˼壬ȴûܵ˼ıӻҲǶܷ˼ϽһҪշѩôҲе˵ȥɣ
Ҷлж²ͬѰ˼˿ܾǺѩĹԨԴĹϵȴѩĹûʲôϵĵײͽ
˼ҪЩ£Щ⣬뵽ҪڣȻͻһ֮ܲȫ
оϤѼҶȻ̧ͷһ𣬡һԷ׷׾ͷȥңǰһӰϢ˹
Ҷղ꽻֣ٶϤ΢ʶͻȻһڳУΨܹ֪
ЦƮȻһݣ԰зк£֮л뺫Χʿ׷ױߣ絹һ㣬֮ʣʬ塣
л뺫Ҳڲҽһ׷ɳȥ


383 
ѪʽˣЦصвгͻ֮
ˣͷ󣬾𾪣żдҶǾĿɿڴٳֻл뺫ȴҲ˵
Ҷȴüͷһ壬ֻҵĳ£ѩĹ鲻ȫңαǳ֣
һЦҶʵѩĹһЩ°
Ҷ¶ãȻ֮ɫߵ磬쿴ס
Ҷ΢΢һͷȥͻȻȵףҪ֡
ѭȥֻѪĿͨ죬һȻͦվꡣ
ССʦ磬ȻҶҳ֣국һЦݵҶĳ
Ӱ䣬׷һƺߣټɽȥײһʯ棬ʯŽѩҧƣڽѪ˿
ˮһֵ̫Ҳмɱ㣬ѾˣҪٳ֣ĵĺá
ٴһֻ磬Сʲô׹̫Цһͦšתסʯ񡢸ߴɵһʯ
ȣպը˸ףһʯϡ
𡣡ֳһǧʯͷ
ݽ䣬Ŀѩü֮ɫ
ʯȻһڿն
ȥ˫׵磬лʯһʯѣɢʯХȥ
һɢ˺еһʹѻ˫ϥһȻ򵹡
ͬʱȺӰӶռСˮһʱ享뺫ȫԪعκ˰ӿ
΢΢һЦһĨЦ⻹УȴͻȻʧڿ
һ죬Ѫţΰ쵹¡
Ϊ촷ۣһѪǱȾ죬Ʈ㣬ĿģڽǵѪ㣬ʱ˫׶ߣһ죬ϥʹȻѾʡ
ֽƮɣպ˵֮ǰл׷ɵĵطתһƣʧͷӣôû
쵰ôô
ûȴǺˣᶼƴΪ㱨ˣǰ𺫱ᣬ뵽λֵֻûʹѡ
бʹһЦͷ˵ģҲӦûȻֺȴû
ôλֵأۼֵѣ絶Ҳû£ӯ
ôģȻΪȫ֣һлôĿ⾼עӳҶҲЩɻ󣬡û뵽ЩѩСӣȻѽˣڵľֶԿˡ
ʱ֮ˣ˵ϣΨҶڳϣʩֶͨ
ӰƮ֮죬Ŀά身Ƶľû뵽ղ׽ߣҶȻûþȫʱ꽻֣ͨʤʱ̫ˡ
꽻֣˲ͰܣҶס꣬ʱ˿̣治ұ֤᲻ˡ
϶ԽԽ죬Ӱ°˷ڣҶӰѹԽԽСеһֻɶ꣬¶࣬н㣬δԡ
Ƹס֣ǰٻӰһǷ˼Сһˣȥ
СѾͷҪʲôۼС޷һֲƣȴǰռˡѾͷͿôôҶˡϸ룬¿аӰһ˫
ҶһĻҲͷ綷֪ѾͷЩʲôҲǺ˿Ʒ˳ս죬ѡ
ҺԼʵ⼸죬ﵽλҪǰλ꣬¸ûл֮
ʱȴͷŭŭ߳ѩ㵽ǰ˭ţҪˣ
ѩ֣һߣЦס֣Ҿ˭ˣ֮㻹ɱСɫΪ֮ĶĶȫϵˡ
⻰ֺֺЦ⻰˵øû˵һѾͷҲ̫ϷˡҲƫƫм䣬ȲֻٶҶˣһȶٳɽ֡
˰ΣͻȻ̾˿̧սȻ˲໰ֻ˵һ䣬ڳ֮ˣڷ˼壬Ϳ
ƻʹʹ໥һһ죬ǽʮֹŹ֣ǣһ˵Ƿ˼巢ľʥѩһͳʽ˼壬ѩĹҲ˼ϵӵܵݣӴ˽ʽΪ˼ӵܣӵ˼ϵȨ
Щ䣬ҶʽĲԣҲΪʲôѩΪ˼ҵĸշʱҪ˶ľӡ
ĲԺܼ򵥣ʲôǰҪ˷㣬͵ȳһɱ٣ԾԵʵѹˣ˺¡־̸֮¡
Ҳǣʵ˺£ǿֲΪʲôҪ㣬ѩѶ̫ˣ˼ҪշͱԺֶΣѩԺźð¡
ʹЩֶεĹУһЩ谭֮ˣٺ١ǾͲ˼ˣ϶Ǿɱ
ҶҲףΪʲôһ־ɱУҪǻ£ЩͷҲҪڷģҲһҪɱ
ʵֻѩĹǰѩĹΧССʮͻȻӵ˷˼һǿӲͨ뺣ҪҶʽ˼塣
һ֮󣬲˼ͶݽߵĹңҾͽ⵽Ѫϴ
һЩѾùҼķŭͿֻţҹۼֶԲߣЩҪͷ˼˿սЩҪˮϹȥһ⣬뷨ˣڶͷ𴲣ûͷ­
һЩƵĹҵزԷ˼ֶмɵﻹԥæͷһЩҵĴǣڵͷҲΨֵˣģҹ֮ʱ䵭ĺڰҪ˾
ǲǸʱˣֻ¡վҶһƽ״󽫣ҶԷ˼ʹߵʻٳûκαʾ̲סǰһѡ
λ󽫣ҶȻʶ뵽ѩĹҲǲͣȻһ˵ݣûӵķԸڡ
˵һ仰ƺҶӳ˼о˹Ȼ̧ͷʵҪ˼ô
Ĭһᡣ
ҶֱӵǾͲɣţ˼徹Ȼ뽫ѩöȥٺҲûˣԼҲ뵱ʲôõΣԼºұæǲǻڿЭһ£
ˣ±ûЭأܶ˼壬ôЭҲ޲ˬ㣬ԺҲó
ãȻѩĹѵͷ֮ǰ¶Ҳˣ֮󣬱̣ѩĹһ˼ϵʽ˼ĴС΢Цĵ˵ͷꡢ˼ĶСһͬ˷֮С
ϵⶼЩʲô°ԼҶϼͬʱҲѪδŮȴҪһ˼ϵΪ١Ҷѩпվ죬ŷ˼дߺЩƣ룬˻֣Ҳڷʿֱ˹
лʱӵ뺫һڹԱôҲ벻ѩսҾȻˣЩεĴ໥һۣҲǽ˳С
빬Ҷദ˶ٷ֮һʮ˾ĻӣǺһֻӥ⣬ѩ£Ҵۡ鷿
̸ЦҶ˹ֵϴǻ쵰ͷӲĺܣȻѣϴԼȥĥĥУ
Ŷ˵ôӲͷҶ°ͣȴǺһЦҿҪȥˣߣǰ·
磬˵Щʲô£ôһҲüɻ
ٺ٣֮£㻹ǲҪ֪ĺãᣬȥȥͻءҶ˸ʵ˵仰źͱ˳ȥ
ͬӥշ˰Σһѩéǰǰ洫һҽǺǣ˼ѩ֮£ҪǽѩĹбĽ죬ǲòһתƵ
ĺãҶļ˽ȥƹǰݣ洫Ǽ񶾵
ҶһţǹĴЦ쵰˵ˣ˵мǧֶҪôôֻƤޡľЩС⣬Ǹ˴
гųޣȥġһ꣬žž޾ͳȥⳤѾһǧˣÿζҪǻӵȴǲȻǿ֮ﲻϡ
źԹ񶾵ҶЦֻֻܵɣСүͷӡ
⹷ģΪ˾Һô࣬۵£˸ɶˣʲôоһʹɣ˵ЦһԷŭԸӡ
ǵĻҶɫһǰһĸ˺ܶ£


384 Ѿͷ
ֻǹЦΪСûӣȥӣʾûͷоûûţ٣С֣˵Ķ಻࣬˵ķӣµһЩС֣ȣ
˵ô࣬ѵͲǽЩͳͳõϣȴǺͻȻԱЦ
ʰӵۣ;ܽЩʹԼϣҲһܣ˵֮ʱ΢ڿʲô
ҶУͻȻЦ˵ô˵ʽɱõ԰ݳƣȺǰ븹
Ǵʱ˵ʹ죬ȫȻû뵽ҶͻȻϮ֣⧲ǰƣǻһӿʱ໴𣬿Ѫͬʱһ׹Ҳ˳
ҶվԱߣǵ׹⣬һϮϣǵ׹Уϴһ֣Ҷֱ۶ȣһֱθ
ÿֲĶҩҶ˫һǽĶƳͬʱеǵ׹æ£ʱðˡꡱ̣Ҳýһ
ۿʲôҩһԿ亹ֱ
ǼԼɱĶҩҶ˳ȥɫȻһ䣬ҲǰĿͷһĸ޸֮ͣ˵Щ˵ķԼֿ԰Ķҩ뽫Щ˵󣬾ҩԾǾ˵ķҲ޷ԼʹʱһףԼƣǰһҩȥǺá
ҪǽЩõϣʱһ˼ԲߣһᣬĿһعЦôţȥӿеĶҩǷҪǡСдӣǿӷĲп̣֮ЩСҪãͽʦΣ
ЩļƾͲҪʹˣһ⻰ɫʱһ䣬ҶЦĿһֽۣŵģǹӵġСǲʹģ
΢΢µĺǣҶȴЦѣⲻ֪Լ˵ķȴǱ֮й֮޲Ŀ΢б򺫼٣⣬һһУ˫һ㽫
С쵰ʲôƣǼ黫࣬ۼԣȴвǰ֮ԸҸɿȫƾжҩҲʱҩһȥǴš
ߣʱ֪ˣҶӸ콣۽⵽ѵĲ𣬺ܿЩ֮о¶һ⡣
ǳԼΣɫ̣Ҷʲô㡭𡭡״Σ΢΢
ҶЦ㵱ҼС֮ʱӦ뵽ĺٺ٣˵ȫѪֿ⣬ǸϼǧҲǲǰţҪԣҶĿ磬úëȻ
Ȼ֪ĥ˵̷Ѫ֮ʹ¾ͱԼġСҪ̬Ķ࣬о֮£Сӡʥԣʮ޵ͬɣ޵ĹʶȻô˵ҲһԵݣҪɱ͸ʹ죬ҡ
⻰ÿɫ䣬һҧЦǰԵҲԵͻͲҪĻˣ
ǵҶеСӣսԹŽ˧裬ˣ͸˧һʹ졭
ģʲôÿ˶Ժʹ֮ǣֻҶ˵׻һ޴ȥǼסӣƲȥܳ졣
Ҷÿ˺һۣ죬ôҲûһﾹȻ˵һĬƬ̣ǧ񣬾͸һٵɣģ˭ҪǸػ֣һ֮úտ˵ôҼһ㣬ߣһٵ֮ûͻʹ죡
⻰һ˵꣬Ҳ˺ǵĽкת߳⣬ϸһ빬֮УĴĿԡ
ɾʱҶͻȻɫһ䣬æ֧³Ѫ
ڱ󿴵æ磬ôδ˵꣬ȹ˳
ҶȥǵѪЦ£һѪ³޺һ꣬϶ʱ棬һʱ־ϲ
ŵϵǼѪҶа̾ϧΪȡǻ쵰߯ЩԭѪʲôѪھѪҶԲУⱻס֮ͬУŻȳ
ϳɾҪƭ̸ףҶһüأһ֮£Ӳ˼ڸƳھѪȻڷ˶СǿŵҩȫˣھѪȴ̺ޱȵľ
³Ҫ֮ΪãѪһҪɻأ̸ףοôã飬ʱ΢΢㾡˳ҶͽκΡ
磬ȥ˷˼󣬻ôĲʧȥһˣҶռ䣬һƵĻƮĶС
ʧȥһ磿Ҷ̧ͷ㵵ĿҪϣһĿ⣬ҶȻ򣬰֮󣬲Žŵ㶼֪ˣ
ţ˵һ֣ȴҲҪٿڣȴһָͷҲ̧ο̧ͷˡ
ҶһۣЦʲôʱ֪ģ
ǰĸΪʦҲľ񣬶ҸҪæڹһҲѵú˵һ仰ڸô۰˵ˮݺỬ䣬ҶҲۿȣǿЦɵѾͷʲôԶˣ
Ȼ˽ĻҲҪ뿪磡ҲҪ뿪磡
Ҷ磬οޣвɢϯʱķ룬ͻܿټģ
ĨȥᣬȻ֪һȥͺпܻˣʱˣ˵ʲôɵأҶɫӦһģǸܴӦһ£ͻȻʲôҪ£̧ͷֱҶ
ҶȻ֪˵ʲô£ҪھܾȴһۣЦãʲô飬ҶӦ
һֱ׸ȥԵθʼҪȥᣬʱڣһҶʱʲôҲܹӦԼʲô춼׵ȥˣֻлϲסնЦЦݼ¶˵Ķˡ
ҶƵһ̶ʹԼŷ˼ԵʣӴԶѩĹǷǷǣңڵԼ·ֶȥֻ´ӽҲЦˣ
뵽˴ĳӿߵΣ㶼Ҫúðϧӣ˴η˼岻òȥһпУһѩĹ㡣
磬㻹Ҫôÿһ֣Ķ˺һ֣һ뵽Ҷȥ˼壬ѩĹҪܵǣʹƽδС


385 ٱ
ֻҶֳԳЦô˵СָСָǼϰף˹˭˵С˴ֻеģ˵һ𣬻꣬԰תǧأȴ²һ
ʱ䣬Զϸ΢ҶĿȥֻ価繳ٿѹƻ裬һǰź𡢺ϦųӰ˹
ϴҪȥ˼ˣЩڲḴ˺ܣֵһȥɣٶ¶˵֮ɫ˵
ˣֻһ˼һϵֻҪԼ̫¶âӦû鷳ģҶҡҡͷ
ϴ󣿡Ҷһ˵̾˿鲻Ҷһܸı⡣
磬һͬȥͬȥɣҲиӦĬһᣬ˵
ȥ˼壬·ңԶ۹ֵƮҡ֮ʣĴޱȣŰСǧѹѻ˼Ȼǿ󣬵һ·֮Уⲻ֮ǿʱоףǿʱûҶü
Ҷ˻ٻһۺ󣬶ĬĬĵͷ
Ҷ߽ڹ׼ȥʰЩ粽ĽΪææ¡
ˣʰЩƷˣҶϵ׹һǰһѵڱսС
ϴĲٺú룬ĺһȥǰһǲĵ
ɲʲô£Ҿڷ˼ʲô£ǸҲ岻֣˽ԼȥֻǰѣҺúôѩĹɣУмα˷һ׹ȥɣϴ͵ٱ֮񡣡Ҷҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ˵
˵꣬ҶһͶľα˷һۼĶ
ЩҲõģҲóֵĶˣżеõġ
α˷ۼĹ½ЩҲǱȽѵõĺöˣҲӦǲˡ
ȻټЩϲɫĿо̾ѡ
ǺǣˣֵܣлĻͲҪ˵ˣҶȻһЦſڵȥֵܻһЩ齻ǣ
Ҷ˴ҳֵܣ붯ϲѩĹտѩĹҪ˵İȫ˴η˼ðȻѩĹ
ҪԼڣָŪʲôӣҲҪһȽǿƵΪһڵĸ֣Ƿ˼ҲӦҪ񼸷ְɡ
ѽֵܻ
ҶͷĶԹ֮Уգɫ粻תͷȻֵϳϼѩĹϼһʱ޶࣬ٻû˵Ҿٸʮ
ʲôϼɽֵէŴԣһ䣬ŻȻϼֶΣǲ
ҶɫһЦȥɣ˵ûʲôҪ죬ȨѩĹˣ
ʮһ͵û˵֮󣬵õǰöٵҪߣҲһίʵֵܵϣɺΣҲ벻ҶôģֻõӣͶȥϼ
ųֵܵıӰҶĵ϶Ȼթ˵ǶүҲδ϶ȻԼǣվţסһ㣬ͲԹ԰£
һѩĹһѩ֮Ǿûʲôˡ
뵽˴һʱͷҶĿߺöٵøպˣҪʲôΣͳȥϲģΪеٵȻỤסġ
شסͷж³ţֻ˼ѵ⣬ǵ׼ˡ
ӣ˾׼һ˼Ҷֵ
õģԺ͵ӦһҶٴγڹȥ
ʲô£㣬ʱҼСû˵𣡡һΪ׵ķͻȻȻ
СȵȲͳôͬʱںص
дŭҼСǺݣйˣ
ˣ߰ɣҶҪҲˣ˴νȥ뻹һЩ飬ϸһ룬ֺûʲô˵ˡ
˵嶼ǿƣԼڽ֮ǰŭ˼С㣬Ժ¾ûӹˣоǷš
ͬһӷʿ˹⣬һȥããѩУɼԴ죬ӭչ𡰷ˡҫŴ۵Ĺâ
޳˻һӶӷʿȻͭ׽أ裬Ϣɨ
ɣŷʿһķԱߣΪ׵һͻȻ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣űõģ뷿֮С
ǲһ룬һЦ֣ǸʲôɿˣҪһ׸;ͽ֮·ɣ
Ҷ̧䳯ɨһۣǼϵķΣȻԭѩĹλֲûô󣬶һᣬͻȻһүүЩϹˣԹԻһ꣬
쵰ͬʱɫһ䣬Ҷȵôĵɣ
үү󣬵øոܻס⼸ӣҪе͹ɱүүǶķϣүү֤֣Ҷ⣬˸һʱȫ̩ò⡣
СӣԺòϣȻһѣɫ࣬ҲҶ֣һܵ˼ĴʵûգסҶһͷ
ٺ٣ôˣҶ֧°ͣ۾΢Ц
ߣ֮еһ׳һվվڳĳĳӶˣ㻹ʲôѵҪȵڲϲſô
ǣǣС⳵λߣֻôͷɥ˳̵ģԲסλȻһ˳Ǽ벻ͨôܵһ֮ģ
ڳͬʱҲӶ˸ϳıӣƺƳһ·ɽԽ룬ÿһ̣һЩӶ뿪ӣҶôһ£һ֪Щѹʵĳӡ
˼Ҵҵ󣬴½žݵ㣬ЩݵÿÿµĿʮӴ󣬶һһЩƷҪ˼ѹ͡
϶յг뿪ǰӴ󳵶ӣѲʮҶߵļ˳ȥ


386 ĿĲ
һգӵִһѹѹ֣Ҷֻǰ룬һʯѺõƺӣ˶æµš
Ҷһᣬ˳·ȴһ·խֶӡ㼣
ʱҰҲǵò͵ʱͨŰգȺʯƺĵʯ̨˹ȥȴЪҲƮ
Ҷͷ⼸ԼݱƵĶңһɣһڵĻţ˿ûжȥԷ˼
Ͼô˵ҲǷ˼һϵӵˣԸӦû̺ġ
Ȼ˲ã̧һʯ˹ʯǰ
ӣҪЩʲôһλ໹ŮߵҶòʵûΪҶһϵӵܵݶʧȥò
Իûʲôһ·ʵĵĺܣԺܲŪŮ죿ҶתͷŶԷ˵
Ůû̺ĹүҶĻɫˣһ±ͨ졣
ʵҶҲʵĲдһ˵ϾŮе٩ǰɲ˵ԭ
Цٺ٣ΧѩĹļɵñԼĻӶԼָָ㣬ҶݺݵĵһۣҲһ·ʼǿޱȣǰ⼸˸סˣһͷԼķ
һԼ취ʧźãԹ̫ܻ⣬ֻһˣҶ⿴һۣа
⣬һݿ㣬߼һƿҶĵĲ˵ȻѲ׵ݸԱſл૵ӵܣǺðҰ棬ܵ͡
õġȣŮ˵꣬ת뿪ˡ
Ҷ΢ЦſŮоŮӻ죬Լ˵˶仰ȻΣԼ˵ĻѵôЦ
ӣã˰ΣŮٴεҶʳʯϡ
ιôµġСӵĶôǵĺáʱѩĹеһվձ죬ŨںڣһϮۣ󴦹˽ߣǰ嵭īɽˮһ̽צ֡
⡱Ůȡ֣ٴα죬һʱ֪룬ҶǰվҲǣҲǣ֮
ҶһϹʲôһ仰䰰˵ľʲôʲô·ֻǻ˷˶ѣܱˣȻܸо˻һˡ
ʵ߲ɫǲֻ࣬ѩĹĹһ·϶Ҷѹƣƽ⣬ȻʲôҲƽҶ⻰˵ǵ
Ľ⻰˵꣬Ůֻü䣬ǳǳЦӦڸлԼΪΧůЦûˣȥæɣ
ллӣҶĻǱһ߿ˡ
ʳΪʳ֮Ҷһݺݵҧһڣʱ֭ڡ
ʱǷ˼ĶСͷɴƲֵбһʯ֮ϣŶƸܵӣ֣ԴƸʶ֪󣬾ͺٺˡ
һ·Ҳͬһ޼䣬һԣǧٹĴСܵգ¾ͻȤ
ʱͻȻһͷҶڵĳŶԱ߻м˶ŭĿӣټҶԶʱһɵӣͻȻ۾һǷʲôĶæ˹
ڳԶҶͻȻоһӰ˹̧ͷ΢΢һɨǷ˼ĶС㣬̲סܵʲô
˼ĶС㺬ѩһۣСںܲģ˵ЩҸ˵£ȻߣֶҲűСһܲģ
Ҫ㿪ģҶЦõķеľƱ´λĪĶС㣬ӦôźãλСĵһ·׹ԼҪϲźá
㣬㻹ûôСüͷ΢΢չһ֫ʱһװ͹͸˿öһȻҲҶڡ
ţС㣬Һû㿪ĵı°ҶеĲ;ߣ˹Ĳ˲죬ȻǷϵ
ߣǾͽ㲻ĵ˵ñС㿪һ£ѩĿһɣ
⣿ҶĿɿڴĿλС㣬пƣôҲû뵽Ȼ˵ĻźĥƤӣⷦڿҪˡ
˵Ҷ䰵üӣѩ
Ҫ˵
ϻ
ǺðɣҶĺһ˶ľƵģǽͻȻ̧ͷʵСͨ˻Ů˱˴̸ĿģĿĻһҪҪ
ƨͷţѩ˷ۣ
ٺ٣ҾͷˣҶҲû̫ƽС椵һ˿ƻȻŮ̸֮Էϴ˺ŮϴŮ˺ϴնСң֪Ŀģ
ʵŮ̸֮ˣֻҶСϣòŪƫаơ
㣿С㺬ѩݺݵҧ֨֨ǳĶŽһɫһӣһâžһʯϵľƿӦ飬ˮĽ
С椻ֲҺûǽŪˣҶֵȴǽԼϵļ飬ͷߵľơ
ͻȻһ飡ŵƿӣģС˵Լ׻ʲôĺ
ܿӦ֤Ҷе뷨䣬ҶͻһȻ䲻ʹҴҶд󺧣æ˼ѹơ
ɾȫ£ͷɫƷ٣ȴҲǲѹȥ̧ȥֻѩͷЦ¶Ҷһеڵڶʲôֽţ
ѩЦЦһ˿⣬ҶƽɫףѣǿЦС㣬⣬ʲôԵʣǺʱ˽Ƶġ
ѩЦǵҸԵöѪ굤ôѪ굤Ϊڵı裬ԲܳΪʥҩȫר֮Ҷʤ٣ǿ໥Ӧֻӵһɵķ裬ȴоų֮࣬˵Ϊ㣬ҵĹϼ磬Ҳڵķ裬ڹң֮ء
ҶӾ磬Ȼ֮ǰµ֣Ҳ벻ͨȻôһ̲סСѾͷ㲻ڲҰɣר˾Ĺ
㲻ţѩȻڵ˿ȫͬƽʱѭͬ˹ҲᷢϱС㣬ȴֻ΢΢Լеķ裬ңţھΡ
Ծԣһ꣬Ҷ˶澭֮Уӿһص壬ڵ䶯ӣ޳ײʹȡ
ȥֻѩСƮȻָŷ˿ЦЦĿ
Ҷ֪˵£ʮа˾ˣһ뵽ԼӽҪһѾͷٿȫѪɫһĬЦС㣬ڵġ衯нⷨ
ѩʵֱף⣬һ˿թ׵ȻУһַƽڵķ裬ַһ˵Ҳ˵Ǹвͨİ취
˵ѩסڣü΢ҶַСһ
ѩɨһۣһַķڵķ裬ʱȻͻڵķ衣Ƿ˼ϵڵ֮ʸвͬɶ٣Ƕ٣Բһ˿һҲ˵ڵķҪӣֻԸɸ㣬пܣ룬Сôɵˣô취˵˵ǾʵֵĿܡ
Ҷüͷ΢壬һᣬŵڶַʲô
ѩעΣΪƾʣ۾ô
֪ѩΪʲôͻȻҶһᣬҡͷԴ󣬶ܷ۾磬ҲǲҶԡ
ѩһЦҿʾ綼⣬۾磬ΰɣڶַΪﵽ۾磬ȻƾΪǿлȥ˿ˡ
ҶԽԽŭҧۣһԣѩ˵һѼĻȴҶĿ˸ûȤһȥˡ
꺬ѩѾͷĻҶ֪˴󷽸Ļ֮ȫΪֲܵķԣ԰쵽ģʧһ뵽ղѾͷ뿪飬ֲЦԺӣɾѹˡ
ԶǸ·ĻᣬҶȴüͷԼֻŲ÷˼ĶС㺬ѩȴûԸ񣬾㲻ˣԼµĽƣӰ죬λù
ȻԺУǰһָҶֲִǰϱУ˲ˮѩĹĸЦѡ
ЩҶһЦ֮һЩһµ˴Ļȣ֮ʣҶһ¸ⷦ
Ҷⷬģѩޱȣа⣺һںҵķ裬һˣΪҵ£ô̸˵أһ·أ


387 Ҫв
һգҶЩ˽μǣоžŰʮһѵĵһڲãֱ˵ûɫ컨׹Щýζ
Ҷѿķ˼СҲ̲ס
ϧ򲻽飬һ˰׹Ǿ˵׹ǾжһΣҶͻȻ̾Ϣ
ⶼ˺ӲϧСֻҰӣһҪÿѩСͻȻŭűô
Ҷ̧ͷһۣһᣬҡͷǵû꣬žŰʮһѻֻ˵ʮѣĹ»ˡ
ѽѩֽеЩˣǰڼʱһ˵һ£ʵںͷ˵Щ¶Ǳ߰ģ˵ҲգͷȻĲ˵ñСһŭģ˵ñͷõĶˣŽҾͲҪɿˡ
ҪҽͽôҶ˷۵
ѩһۣ㲻Ҿȥ߷ȥƸ磬˵ᱡңӦ֪ƸǺҵģҪ֪£϶һֳ룡ˣҪҷƣ
㣿ҶЦãֻȻѩ֣ǹŷǰɱԼģСȥһ»Լ֣Ҷһٽѡ
ѩȻƽҶɷһ£ʮֵĲͬÿڶгЦͣŴһ˫ĿתҲת
ʱҶò⣬ᣬҶ۸ⲿĴ֮һμӲǻúѩѾͷ޸ĵĿȫǡ
Ҷд̾ǧˣ棬ںˣҲҺ鼮٣õԲ
ÿÿѩҶкЦѾͷҽֲҵڣСүƭ÷ģԹԸҶɳڵķ裬Сү׻ˡ
𶯣ѩС椾ȻֱҶڵĳӲǱ£ҶȻ΢΢е㲻⣬ȴЦ죬֪ѾͷԼȦˡ
˰ʱ֮еĹŷݴڷѩڳУһȽ
һ֪ѩ˵ķ֮У³ǵúѩ죬ŷݴСֹһ󣬲ź޺˳
ŷƼѩ³Ҷ˵ЦҶΪһϵӵܣѵⲻɣǲȻҲҪӣװŲмһˡ
Ǻѩһ·ϣȴʱʱҶڵĳ滶Ц֮ϣ̸ȥֻºѩѾͷСӵԡ
ҵһԱ߿ݴСҲջ򲻻ͬ⺬ѩҶһݱ΢ϵӵһۼѩҶһһܡ
ĪҶҪ֪СÿںĽҳ֮ʱĸǧҪúùźѩ㺣׽
ŷҲǿóʶͷڻԼİ֮ͬʱҲһЩͼҪ׽ѩСˣ
Ҷ뺬ѩ˵ԽԽˣʱŷݴС㻹ǿţһ뵽ǳϦԣȥ滹úѩ벻Ҷˣ˵޿̣ǿд϶ˣǳҶ³
һڳӵ棬¾ȥ졣
ʱҶȴͬ˾֮ЩʱѩѾͷ񫣬ҶѾĴ˵˱飬ʵ޹¿˵
ѩѾͷɲô࣬ҪҵƵֶԽԽݣԽԽ֤ɫˣͿеҶ·ֳɵ֤ܲá
ֻҪҶ˵Ҫѣڱ˿УҶ޸ǳеȴֻԼףòʾ֭ģЩúѩСĹ¡
һգͻȻŷݴָҶǴϲ⣬˳ԹܵӺȥˣɺѩҪ
һᣬȵŷȥҲܵ󣬸Ҷߣѹ˵꣬ʱ˵̫Сһ紵ѩ̫ף߶֮ʱȥĦ磬ڶĥСģ
ݴС㿴üѪʾŷƵѪʽ˺üΣδζһҶ
֪ӵӣ濴ȥȻԣʵ壬һɱСˣֻѾͷһӶǡ
˶Ժѩǧ۰Ҳ̿¶ģҶȥ۹ϵĲţʹʾ磬һÿνսѹȺۣķ
²֪˶ɫʱһҶҪɱ֮Сӣȴ޲ߣΪѣܾˣͷҶ鷳Ҫ֪Ѷˣ֧ʹǡ
ѩǸҶ棬ԽǷģԽԵܡ
һգҶȥҶȥֻҰζҶҲ֪ڹΪԼʲôʳûУҪȥʲôҰζȴܿȴǽѩС椺ݺݵһ
ż뿪֣еһɽȣ·ԽԽǾҶ磬ֻǿ˸ǼˣΪߣһ·ĵߴһԨ
ҶͷһۣҲ
ţͣҶһתͷԶȥֻһӰһš
ǰļд
ȻֻʦڵޣȴޱȣڹȦ֮УҲмеĺö
ǿ׷ͿԻȥˣҶһԾ
ǣӣһҶķԸɢſǰӰ׷ȥ
ɽҶ֪ǿģ˶ȿֺΧ˹ȥ
һ·֮ϡݣݣݣ֮ϣ
ڱܵͬʱ˽һʸͶȥֻȴΪ㣬ҶӳļâҲ˹ȥۿŰԽԽԶ
ץסҶһʱѪӿк
ӣ׷ˡмҲǽǰ̫ˣǰֻ֪ʦڵޣһ־ζȴû뵽䱼۵
СүͲץסһչҶһ飬ԾĿǰھԡҲݴԡʯвϴӵİ
һᣬ֮ľԽԽ
ʱ򣡡ҶĿһһ˦
ݣһ˲仮ա
֨Ľȫ׹һٶȾȻٶˣһâѴ͸ĺȡ
ӣ̫ˣԶ׷ϵļ˼ػҪ֪Ҷղŵͬȣǿ־ֲ
ӣѩźȻĵıţһ׳͵һԾ־ץ˹ȥ
ͨDD͵תһſһطм˹׳һ׶һУֱĻڰԴϡ
Ѫ˿¡
ٺ٣λȥСһкͣ׳ץֱֻӣЦ
ǰҲ˹һƤëɢŵεƯİ϶¶˷ܵЦݡ
ݣͻأģһʸԶ׳֡
˭ҶʶΧ֪Ϊ΢һǵ漴תͷʸķ


388 ¶
ôĵȻϮǣԱߵļҲǴŭ׳ȵͷˣҰˣ
˶ҼүƨһŭȣɽҲܳʮˣ˶źڼףΪ׵һ߽˳ߵͷ෢׳
׻ҵˣʮȻȻܳĺڼʿҶļӾ
׻Ҷüͷ૵ѵ۹ʮ֮еǸң
Ҷٷ˼ȥ²ˣʮ˵Ļȷǵݣ
ŶԭǷ˼ˣôǣץ߰ôΪͷĳ෢ЦһͬʱߵĺڼʿһЦ
һڼʿǴЦϴȺС˾ȻǸҰˣݵģ˼壬ߣʲô
죡ͷ෢׳ȵҪүڵţҪǵүıʱ䣬ҾʮԴҲǲģ
࣬һλݵĺڼʿʱȴҶһ˵ֻ֮طֵģʶģ͹ãȻ
⣿ʮ˷׷׽ĿͶҶ
λô˵ҲȲģ˾ѾǷ˼ĶˣֻǼ˼ˣûȨ˼Ҫǵʾһ´С㷽ɣҶĬĬһᣬ㽫ֱ߸˷˼塣
ôϻһ䣬ǲ෢ǰһĿҶǺεݣ˵һǳǵĵޣٷϻԶ
ϾǷѾĻӳѨڱƳģ׽ġҶⷽһͻȻ˳ǳ෢󺺵׻ȻǿƣѵͿ޼ɵô
޼ɵ⼸֣ҶкЦ˼ֶֺγˡ
Ǹˣ෢ǿӲҾʹɱ¾ֻ֪һ飬ǽҪˣǣһëҲ̻ȥ
ӣӦô죿Ҷһ˶Ҳʱ׼֣ȻԷһϮɱܾûС
ô죿ҶЦһ˼£ҪͿ£˾鷳ҲҵͷϣʱûбҪͷ
˵ôϻ֪ô෢׳һŭа׹һȻһ˽λĻ˷͵ػͬʱһȥɣ󻢵һɳĵһգһɿ´̶ĿХȻҶ
ģ쵰һôͶסԼҶһжҲǲ콣һӭȥ
䣡վһһ뵶͵رѿľ֮ϣʱѵĴ׳ľͷҷɡ
壡ҶĿһһȻͿһڵǿߣȴû뵽ȻһѿҪ̤ʾĶǿߡ
˼һᣬܴˣǰնɱǿȻףǶһЩڡڵļһλ붥ǿ߻
СӲλľ磬ܽһ˵ģĵһˣ෢󺺴ӿ£̤һŴ֮ϣĿĶҶҲˣ
ôܣҶǳ෢һ˫֮˶һĿɿڴҶԵΣȻ֮ƴƽ֣˷˼
Խսֻһִ˵ͬʱԽսûи߽˷Ĺ⡢ĹҲǾ޿ܣǴ½ϵ
Ǹ߽˷湦ǿ̬ӵУ
˿̣֮ȫˡ
ѵ
Сӻһӵܣ
ֻʲôַżõĶ
䡢飡𣬾ȻѾ򣬾;Բβڼʿڳ෢󺺵Ĵ£·һһҶһ
еİһڼʿЦһеĿ⳯Ǹ׽ŰĴ󺺿ȥ
ģȻǵĸˣģҪɾ͸ǡҲǻˣһţһǹӭȥ
Ҷһժ˼ʮöҶӡ
Сӣ׼Ҷˣ෢󺺲ЦˣôĶĹԸͨˣһɱԸߣûõģ
ôٺ٣СүҶӵζҶ콣˹ȥ
ϣ
෢һ콣֮У䣬ͬʱˡ
ʱҶͻȻһ⣬ֶȻһʱ׵м˳ȥ
ߣ˵ûãЩ׵㣬ΪҶǳ෢һӳӰƬƬҶʱ鿪
ڳ෢󺺵䣬ȻһƬͻƵ󣬴͸ϵ֣Ӳϻһ˿ڣѪⷭѪֱ
ϴ󣡡ڼʿæվǰ潫֮ڻͬʱӳд󵶣ҶЩ׵㡣
Ҷⷽռƣ˶Цš
쵰ʲô෢̰γѪ֮еǵ׹⣬ĿϸʲôҶĳеݡ
ֻϸʮǿ͵Ϯ͸ֵǼֻʵ벻Ŀлݣ
ģϴҪǵһڼʿȻ
͵һӴ󿳵ٽһ˼ʿԴȥʿۿžҪ
ɣڼʿЦ
ʱݣһƿնϵһסһֻӰѪʽĹŷƮƮһô֮ϣɨһۣô£
ĻëСӣҲǵ£෢һǰŭ
ŷƱһ
һѵڼʿȺУֳֻѪʽ䣬ӰϷɡ
գ۹Χڳ෢ߵ߰˸ڼʿѱ˳ȥȴûɱ֣߰˸ڼʿһµľꡣ
ȥˣһں޵ֿ֮෢󺺵Ĳϣŷƻعͷ
СӣҵȥȥòҪϴ󣡡߰˸ɵĺڼʿŶԷ˼ۣһ촽˵ЩݻһϹŷǱ˫ƨƨߵˡ
ҶȥɨҶһȺˣ£˭ģ
ġҶ˹ŷһۣǰһ˵һ顣
ΪֻҶ˵ŷüͷһƣ˵ǣ
Ҷӣ׻ˣ
˵ֱӿɱҶΧǼȿֺ˵
ˣŷüͷĿǳ෢󺺣ȻģǾ͵øۣ׻ңҹŷȴǲ壬ɣ
һ꣬йҶȻӶ
ˣһȣһӰ˹
ߣŷѪʽһ
꣡ᴩ˳෢󺺵ĺ෢۾ɵùԲɢڵϡ


389 ϼ
ľһҪɱ˳෢󺺺󣬹ŷƻعӣעǵٱڶӰͻȻڵҶ˺˲ܶԸģҪν
ǣҶӣеļ˵һ𣬾ųǹСĽ䱸
ʱ򡰺ôĵɱ׻ҵˣ
·һ죬һϵĿҶҲǷ׷Ʈ˼ʿкϣͬʱһɿµļХ
ͣ
ǵĿºХ
һ׵֮Ľд͸ռ䣡
˸̬Ҷֹһɫ΢䣬ٶ֮죬˶ܡ
ۣ
һ׹ӹ
һ߷һʹĺһ䵽ϣؿڵϣѪ
ıѳһѪղһ׹ȻҶɵסɢǶһٽǰʿǰؽֵǡ˻
ڣҶתתͷ׹Ϯķ
ֻһ಼£ݿݵߣֳһ׵绷ƵǹѾ˷˼һ˵ǰ档
ÿٶȡҶĵ΢˱𲻳ԴܱղⲼߣʮ⣬գ۹򣬾͵⡣ٶȣ֮ԼҲǲҡΪҲǿܻһλǿߡ
פɨһԶԹҶˣŹŷƣһӣСӣ㣬ϷҪúûᣡ
ԭͷŷǰŽ٣ΪڹŷгԹصúݺݳͷһ
ʱټŷƣ³ɺһӵϣɱ䣬Թŷֹ̥ҲǲҴ⣬ȫ˷Ҫº֡
Цسϣ
ʲôɣһһӰŷƽüһбȥתۼ䣬߱Ѱվʮʿ
ʮʿֻһڴ˳߲ԲһźұϲŵĿ׹⣬âҫۣˡ
ŷһ꣬
ǽǺһЦĴָŷƹȻʶ˵ãϳү
ŷЦϴǧг˿ͷҪΪǲϵܳͷˣ
һ·ӳȣɭЦ˵ǣ۱ᣬڱү˳޵ţԽԽãǲĵûоԹռҲٻ뿪
Ҷԣһ˽һۣôĿСӿҲǴﵽʾ磬û뵽֮лŷƱȼ꣬ѵģܴˣԭΪһŷһڲ֪Լһֻʮľ֮ܣ
뵽ҶŭĬĬۿƶԼһǴĲԷڵĸ֣ԼһһŷƣһԣԼ͵Ĵ㣡
ŷЦǲأһ꣬γѪʽ
˻ȥҶĬĬţһͷ˹ŷһֻۣٴһ֣Ǿ뿪
⣿Ҷһ漴ʵҶӲҪôȴţƴֺõ£ԼǴȥģǽбү֣Ҳǲܵģ
ҶȥѪʽһһָ̫ǿҲֻǿȥô󡢶СɣｻҾˣ
ҶȻ仰ȴûκж
ɱӣɣŷƳֽ֣ͻȻңû˳ȥӰһתѲ
ߣܣһͷһۣҲתͶ֮С
һΪ治ŷƺȣ֪˭˭£ʧӰҶ뵽
ʱϷ俴ҶһۣʮЩ˾ͽˣȥս˵УľͻȻӿɰ˳ߣҶವɨ
ľҶüͷһšסЩľȴһǱ仯˵ľգ۹ȫѶľסˡ
ȫɱˣź޵ֿ֮ļˣĮȻһۣľ˳ƾֻһ죬ҶⷽļѱסһҲû֮УȲȥսˡ
ʮҪǳΪҪһֽţȴǲ볤һУвʤ֮ϲȴ¶֣ȴƽ
ҶʼնʮĲһǶ޻֮ģЩһôСģѵǶͷ˵Ĺôô
⻰ʮһ٣һЦСӲ·ɣ΢ЦȴȻӾȻӽҶ
úãҶЦƣȻȫǣ顱һϵľʱ䣬һţʿʹһ׹ء
ЩʿμҶͻȻǺһôҲ벻Ȼ˲ϳµľǻҴ⣬мһͬȥԸҶ
⼸ȥסǸҶһŵʿʮ֣һӣҲ˭һ֮£ʿȴǺϢ
ľȥֻʿֱ۶֮ƣһһֱӵ졢֮˿˿ѪһžҶˣȻ
һҲҪŹģȻΪСүֻèܷˣҶһ֣䵽ϣ콣һһ£ѿڵǻкԮɱ⼸ˣӪأ
ҶͻȻЩʿƽʱԼƾһ仰ܽҲٻˣʱһͻлץųûͷûһ衣
ҶµļЩʿŵӣʱǾʧ룬׷׹Цһͦǳ˹
һսЩʿңֻ轣˶ܣûãͱҶѰ֮һƣƿǵʽ
۹ʮҵϼ徹ȻĻһֳ裡ҶЦһ磬˫䣬˲ϢЩʿתһȦֻòҽвϣһʿ°ĭء
ߣҶͻȻͷһת㱼֮УļҲæȥ
ֻȴͣסͷ˹ŷʧķһۣǼһһжܺȡʤһ˼ӿҲһ˶ȥƴأ
뵽һᣬԸǼ˻ȥϢ˼ĴС㣬Լǻ콣ҲŹŷʧķ׷ȥ


390 С
һ·ǱУ֮Уá±ཻ֮ҶһΣԾһôϣĿȥֻͷһϵ˫׺ᣬǽ궷Ĺŷơ
ŷƶռϷ磬ͷɵŭһƮࡣ
ʱ򣡣ͷһҶѹ洺磬һ⣬뵽Ҷȥܣһһңǰ
˹ŷ˲˰ʮУΪߣʵ飬һζζԲִټƷǽһᣬէһкͷһؿ¶
ߴϲ˫ȭŵ׹⣬ǰء
ŷĿоһᡰ١һսȦתȭƽƽȥ
ˡһȭƾϣƻ̶޴аãֲŷƵȭȻ
Сˮǡȭͨʽڹŷʹȭȴǧ֮ȭƽʵʮһ̣ͨ졣
ŷһб˶֣Ҳ˰亹¶յ֮ʮǿסƱټϮȻٴ֣Լֻж֮ȫ޻֮ʱɱ֣ɵ˫üһ
ѪӰʮ⣡
ӹŷƿл³ͳɳƵͬѪʽģһɳİѹ籩֮ʱ쫷һ㣬Ŵ򶷵
ʲôʽ߼ŷƶȻ˵ƣ޲ȻˣճͣסǰĽŲ
֮УŷƵܿʼŵɫâĽС
һУСһֱʮС
ЩޱȵĽУÿһֻһƬϸҶСɢŵâγһȦǵƶٶȷǳ죬Źŷܵһ֮ڣڰзţХ
ʲôҲʵ̫̬ɣҶһԱĬĬĿһУĽУǴϿȥļµ
ŷƷľҲǴĲЩһγɣҪƴĳȡڵĹȵѪʽͷųһеʱɫѾ콴ϣĿͷһۡȥŷƴһֹҶһָнУһ㣬ָķ򣬿ȥ꣡
꣡
꣡ǵסȥ·ľʯ񲻿һıֽһĽии
Сģ
һߣмĿͻȻų˵Ĺâ
͵ıһԹսҶҲ죬ǵдѣΪԼʨӺˣ
һȫͣĹĵģһ磬ǰ棬з׹ⱦЩ˹ȥ
꣡
еĳɳ׵罣âײУǵɳĽâ΢ͽУȴЩжһгΡ
ǡꡱһƬѪ
һİڵϣϳصı
һ˽λ˷ȻĻȥˣɲĹȣӸϻȥˡ
СӣϷնҪɱͷʹԹ˶Ҷȥһۣ˷ƴΣգΪ´󹦣ŵʹ͵ġ
˷ͬ꣬һֱ棬˸飬ͻȻȥͷеʹܾҵʹ
ϽӽˣͻȻüͷһ壬ԥһᣬеı˹
㣿߽ӹ
Ҫ˵ˣͻȻ׹һȻֳһ˽ɫǹǹ˸ȵܳ˹ŷƣҵı͸ߣ
ǹߣߴϲӦһһһǹղУգѵ˹ŷվ֮
Ϊӵ˷ʮֵȫ֣ǹ赣ȥ˹ŷƵġѪӰʮ⡱΢ͽһȥŷƶʱ·磬ǱƵæҺˡ
״ЦѣǹҶһ֣һ׵ͨǹ˲䵼Ҷڣŷƶپһһ飬йҶ֡
δԵɣԷ׹ĳǹȻ̵ǰаһΣֻòֻʶ
ζ˼غϣͻȻֿŶ
ЦһָǹŷƣභôãԪҪľҪ翹ȥô
ȥĪ쿪Ҫҹŷ־ܲɣ
ߣʹ죬治֪ôݳһһǹƺϳɶΪһ˲ŷƸһÿһԺ˹ʱŷÿһУƺҪþȫ
ʱ󡰵һԹսҶȥԭǷ˼ĳӵˡ
˼ݴСҶڵķһۣڴһҪ̽ʹŷƵһ뵽⣬оͶ񣬶뵽δؿϽһʻڱߣ˻ȥ
ǰ桰¡֮ԽԽ졣
ҶݴСͬʱ̧ͷȥбУֻӰȥǹײֱ֮򶫱Ǹߴ
һվͱڣѵʯ飬ۿȥϲУºͣǹâ˸£˾ͱڡ
ҶĿƳ˴ʱѶжɱУֻҪһУ֡
ݴС漴ҲƼ˹ŷƣϲ֮ѿڶǷƸ磡Ƹ磡
Ҷһ룺ŷƺභѴ·磬һʱҲѷʤܣ񣬿һŲͻʱɱ˲ɽҪСүᣬǿɴĻˣ
æιµģеҷƸ֣һ
ʲôˣͱС˵ݴСŭˣС㽫ˣҰƸһëɫ֡
˵ңҶĿɿڴָԼݴС㣬пƵѪԼһģȴĻػ쿪˵ķˡ
ʱֻ溬ѩСſڴк㣬Сɫ˵ĲΪʲôҪˣ
ѩüŵƸȻ⣬Īǽ뺦׵ķƸ粻ǣ
СѾͷ˵ЩʲôݴСԼҪΪ㣬Ųǰ⵱ڣ˵鷳ˣһ뵽ѩĻҲǲʱס˿ڡ
̧ͷɽ֮ϵĴս
ҶҲĿͱȥֻ͹ŷѶµһߣȴһĵĹսˣһĻж󲻽⡣
ֱҶǼս֮ϸһᣬףԭһʯǴɽ͹˳ƾٿգ˵Ҳаٰʮɣʯභ䣬պֻս
ǹŷһжȡʤҵһĵط
ңʯɣƮ䣬˾綷֮ңֻҪ˭һˤΪٸߣֻҪû۾磬֮һҲǷǲɡ


391 켼
Ҷ̧ͷǶ˵ҲС࣬Ʈ裬λзһ㡣
ͷӥ裬֮£භɿöˡ
ѩںִкƸôþУ㣬зƸкƯľа
еüͻȻϽһȻʲôУСʩչһˣҼСӵ˽˳ԹǷ˼ǲҪ֣
ѩվɽͷ˵Ƹʩչ˾Уһæеͷ˵ʲôҪҷƸʩչǸƯʽͽɱ仨ˮˣôܻվǣ
ߣëѾͷ֪ߵغ񣡣һﻰ
ιͷô˵ˣ
˵ϷͽϣʱֻͷͻȻһָһһʯ
ѩһԾʯ߲˶Ƥ⣬ɵһȴǡͷͷĻǧٴΣ
ҶѩͻȻס죬ɵòĿȥȴݴС¶ֵ飬Źŷᣬ㽣Զ૵صƸ罫ǶصǽһʹǼ棬Ҫһͷģôɱˣ
ҶûʲôûʹɣҶ⻰ü
֪ʲô¿úܵܵһͷĽУҲֶѡҶ˵ᣬȴҲݴСһۡ
ʲô˲˭ҪǶã΢вͲúҶȻһ䣬תͷ
ݴСɫ˵˵Ųú
Ҷ˫üһҪŭȴݴСԶĹŷƣȥ¶㽵ҡҡͷټƽϡ
СɫְİɣѩһۣЦƸڴߣƸ磬Ժɲкӹġ
ҶһǸ˱Ƶϴһô
ѩĪŷ¼ҲĽĽǴ˽ƾһ㣬Ҳ֣̲סСɫ˵Ƹ磡˵̾ˣ֮һٸСɫҲϷƸһģ
ôҶЦҲδ̫ǵķƸģ
ȴѩСɫ㲻ò˼ЩӵҲǼƸȴ̫ᣬоƲ˭֪Ǽλõ󣬾û˽ӵһ
ҶЩõûãδؾҶ
ݴСһۣƺм֮硣
ֻкѩ˿ԼҴ㣬ֿ˿ҶСɫҼҴôˣŲС
ô֪ҶҪС椣ϽôԼĲڣ
ʱ߲ܲսֻ·Ҷ˼Ĵ󡢶С㳳Ҫסǣͼáϴ֮
̧ͷһԼ͹ŷǹཻ˶ҲͻȻѩһ㡣
֪˶ȵԹƴѰ˼С͡°ȻҲţ֮භδռϷ磬Ҳǰлʱ
ͷһתͱڱɱȥ
˼Ĵ󡢶Со棬еͷôһ仰ʳڣ֪𰸡
ֻͷûͱȥֳʯһţӱԾ࣬ʱֳţ֮ʲŹŷƺ߶֮ʱɿöˡ
ʱŷƹƴռϷ磬ֻҪܽɱˣȻٳȥͷյΣܶȹһ
ɽűͷԾ䣬ʵ£дƣ̲סʧֱֿڣҸѵģϼһﻹѡʱ䣡ͷȻӽʱΨһָȥ
֣һжذɣ漴룺ԼȻƾգϼ嶼׼֮ˣԼһȥǽС뺬ѩѾͷҪź⡭ûˡл֮
ʱͷԾ¡
ŷ˹ƴһһļǿ纣вΣһͷһͷϣãҪһʤҲǴ󲻿ܣ˶֣ܶȫעѾӶš
ͷͱڣԾ£ȫϢ˾֪
СӣҪϷˣͷͷʶĿѷӵ˼£ߵ˹ŷ󣬾𳤽˫ۣЮ׷磬ļ̡
ŷֻһ֮ľԼʱйҶĽǹཻҪǰƽһ綼Ǽ֮˵лؽ󵲼ܡ
ת죬ͻȻĿкһǸʩչǸвһԼҲ˻ȥ
ŷҪʲôҶҲоŷͻȻЩ״̬ˡ
ֻĮͻأһźɫҩɢǿһżƷ鵤
ǡѩһԾؿһۣ˵ͷſ϶Լе뷨
ŷƽһţһźĿҩǽУʱ濪ʼһɫϢ
͡ռ
ʹŷƻûƣɫϢռˡ
ʲô⣿ͷеĳ£ȻһĻһоŷϵǹɫвûаһɱ˹ŷơ
ݴСͺѩҲһɻȻǰԼԹŷƵĳޣֻ˵Ư֣Ҳ֪ʲôơ
Ҷоɿ쭵Ϣõо£̫ˣϢһԼҲסɣڿԼƺСŷˡ
ŷͻȻɣѪʽȻ˦ݣ
ֻһڹռ·ֽһһڣȻÿռ˺ѣֱţҲɫһ䣬ڹٶ̫ˣӣ
ֻáһ죬ؿڣǰ͸룬󱳴ΪԼȲʤȯҲôҲûϵдһС
ͷһһȣٽֱնȥնŷƵͷ
ɻ֣ŷһе֣ͷͻȻһʱȫâ䡣
ˣһ
ͻأһѪĴƳ֣ռŤС

ͳײ
ͷеĳ˳ȥɫ԰ޱȣĿɿڴԾǳƣͻȻҽһ˾ȻֱŴƷȥ
õĴƲľ޴ͷ޷֮УƶȻһɣͷеѳһ߸ʬ
˵ǸǳƯʽΪ˲ǹӰ죬ҶҲʮףԾؿźѩаû뵽ϻ˺˵ĽУ
ֽУӦþǴ˵е켼ɣ
ǰ켼飬Ҷֻè˵ȴûʶ켼ȴû뵽켼Ȼ˿ֲ
켼ϡٳ̶ȣԶԶ֮ϣ쳯֮УҲûӵ켼ȴû뵽ŷϾȻһŴ˵е켼
ŷƵĿ£һҶᣬת˲⣺һͿԼ˳ۣԼǲǳû򡭡Ժϣǿ鷳ˡ
ΪʱҶѾע⵽ʩչһк󣬹ŷƵѾ˺ˣ
ӦʩչʽҲܵ˲СĴˣ


392 
۹Ż鴫ҶһȻǫ˳ȴ൱԰֮ˣǴ˿̺ʹ˵д½ȣокܴ࣬ҲŶʼɵĳɷ֡
ŷɷ䶢ȥһͻȻ̧ͷ·һۡ
С뺬ѩѾͷɱˣŷƵĮڣ˶Ǻһ˻Ӧ
ಡһǾ޴ĳƶȻ˳ǰ
֮һɳǿȻѹȹȫѪڣڵľѪҪָоǺš
ɳǿɫ䣬֪ǰľ޴ƲϵؼѹԼԶ־Ʒȥ֮ǰＱٱС
ҶķôôҪֻ֣ǰٽǼλʿŤŭơ
䣡䣡
ըϣǷһҲ΢跢һٽľ룬˲֮Ǽ˺ʣ뵽֮кμת۱˾߾߸ʬ
ƴɣҶģ
һڴ󺺿һеѪɫ䵶ӭ˳ơ
ɱȻŷڷ˼ʿУŲС˿̹ϵԼҵ˭ҲִУŭŻŷɱȥ
ЩŷЦһЦһ߿ǳɫƹһֳֹҶɱЩķʿӦÿģ֪Ӧ֪ģȥ
ͻٶģҶ
һʹܵݴС뺬ѩߣ˵ڳйŷƹ˼ɵˣˣҲҲκһ˵ġ
ҶҲӹŷƵĹ·߿ÿιƹѩݴС㣬ԵػҶŹ
ȻҶɱǸвһ˿ŭⷽ
㣬ձŷƵͳҶԺ
ݣĺ
Եڴһ˿ɫâɫռʱѿһСϸ졣
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ȴһֱߵһǰҶնɱЩʿʱµĻڣסϵϢһôĺ档
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395 ҩ
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ѩڻϴЩѣҶЩôģֻܳ˾ǡ
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ҶԸʸû꣬پŭ߽еΣԲԣҶȥˣ
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ԶǡͨѲվڣŻɫ׵ĴҶһʱҲе¶
һۿȥЩǧ
κһߣоȻһʾ
ǿߺö࣡Ҷа̾Ƿ˼壬ǰֻ֪ʮռϵľްԣڿΪǿ֮һķ˼壬ϿȥҲ˿Ҷϼ
ǿ壬ԶԼǰǰԼ½ʶɽһǶ㲻ϣ
ħɭֵĪɳʮǿߣɱԼʱҶΪѾһļˡ
ںǰķ˼һȣʲô
˼ҿͨģ԰ټƵǿߣ˼ǿߵж٣ѵԼĶ½ʶô
ǵԼ˽½֪ģֽһô磬뵽ҶеѪҺȣԼҪߵ·ܳ
ʲôˣҶЩʱԶ
ͨԣʮֱӷ˹Ϊ׵ǸӳԶͺǳǷ˼صأ
ŷЦӭȥϺڣۿǹģ
˽Ӵǡѩֵôʱ·ˡ
С㣬С㡢ҶӡΪ׵Ķӳٽ֮󣬶ʱʹãϺ֪ǻߴߣ
ϻ񲻻Ҫ߸ʮ²ܻؼңѩü
ٺ٣ǣǣС˵ǶӳЦһᣬɻҶλǣ
Ӧ֪ҷ˼ձ˾ѩĹݵҶһۣڵ
˵⣬ģѩλͬǰȴùŷնɱĸ˼ĴС͸ɴһͳȫҶ
ԴˣҶףȴû˵ʲôһЦ֮


399 ϵϵ
ŶȻμʽعǶӳҶһۣǾֻܰذˣûΪ˼Ա֮ǰ˼ˣֻܴӿ͵룡
ĳػ࣡Ҷһ㶣а
ѩҶСɫҰݼ׾ͻȥģȸŴڿȥעᣬȳ˷˼ӵܣԺڷ˼ߡ¾ͷˣ
СѾͷ㻹ߣӦöȼˣҶһۣѩԺ˵Ȼ᲻˵ģ
ˣԼݵ΢ɣҶĬЦѣԼȻֻһϵӵܣѵʲһССķ˼壬ĭתȥ
Ҷ飬ѩ΢ʲôͷûת꣬ԼҴסٿšͨͨת۱㲻Ӱ
ѩݡŷߣӳɫһҶˣҲСʲôϵһ롮͵ڲҪߣңΪ͵ڵÿһȹţͨ˼𾴿˵ľסأײ˼ڵĸ߲ԱСǣҲǱ㡣
֪Ҷĵͷ
ȴǸо˼УȼɭϣԼ
ҡΪ׵Ķӳǰˡ͵
ͨڣҶüͷҲǸ˽ȥ
ͨҶŷ֣ԶԶͨڲΧ㣬ԼÿףһĹš
ӳ˵ЩžǷ˵סÿǴظϻأֱͨţصס֮ء
ֻҶʼնãЩŵòӳ˵ô򵥣
Ҷӳͨڲǧ׳ľ롣
һ·ϣͨڵЩŴҲӰǿҶʱͶɻĿ⡣
ֱǶӳһһǰ˵Щ˲ԹҶȥԼȥˡ
ͣͣ䣬Ҷӳش£ͨһͨعǰ棬ҶͻȻһ
ȹŵ˲䣬кһͣʱͺͻȻݿˣͻȻһ㡣
ָоУһԽʱյʩУҶ뵽ٴλͷȥʱǵʧѡ
ԼǶӳһƬĽȺ֮УԼһûʵС
͸󿪵ĴţСԺһ׷ϣ⡣
վҶǰǶӳЦſڵ
׷۾ЦվŶ㰡Сӣôܵˣÿͨô
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˵ҶҲֻЦЦ
㾹ȻǴСģͷҲ㶪ϵӵܵݸ㣬˼ϵְٸϵʮϵһعǴٸϵӵݣϷƻŪϵݸ㣡
ϵϵνҶ΢ЦֻҪΪѣˣ
ٺ٣СӶ˵ѵһϷģʮϵеĺڷϵ֪ʲôԭǰЩûһ͸ˣǺһЦ߰ɣȥע£
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ǰİ׷Цûʲô򵥣ֻҪƫõǼϢУΪ㰲סޣȹ죬˺̸Щ˼Ľ֮£
׷߿˵˵𴦣ҲǺҶ˵һЩ֮£޹ؽҪЩ飬ȴǼ
һŰ׷ߵ˵һͬƫǼһ˼ݣҵõһ˼ơ
ƣӴԺҶҲǷ˼һԱϵˣ


400 
лˡҶӹݹһϻɫ΢£ϸ˿Ц
ٺ٣Ƿ˼ڷϵ΢£ѪɡҶе΢ЦϲΪڷһϵӵܣ
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뵽ҶƳһѪѪ˲䣬ҶȵطվԼǰλͷȻʮϵкһϵϵ
ݿν˵ˣڷ˼У˼ȨӦþʮϵϵˡ
ԼͷùϵҲӦ˼ҵһɽ˰ɣ
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Щżϵĺڷӵܶͳһסںڷ룡
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ĶҶ
ҶɫһĿɨǼˣҸ⣬鷳Ǽģȥ˵ôϻСûš
㡭Ǽ궼һ漴ŭǴûҪһﾹȻôţһ˷
ǰڷ˼йŷƳһЩСûʲôݱؼӵܣ챻ȡЦ裬ҲҷŸƨھȻ˸Һţ
Ϊ׵ŭЦСӣ㻹еҺĪˣᣡ
ĪˣǿߣҲӦҶҲֻһǿߣ߻ͬ飬һƲǰСӣ
ڷ˼Уӵ֮Ʋʲô෴廹ϵӵ֮ıȶһ˽ҪԼһϵ֮ˣѹϵ
ӵ֮ıȶƣҲ𵽼ĵЧһ˵ܵ˵裬ȻӷܷͼǿֽҲһЩ⿴ġ
Ҷô˵ҲҵĴ٣ЩǱ֪һЩģ
ԣһʼҶû⼸˷ϣ
Ƿ˼ӵܣ⼸ǰšſܻһʱϾ˼ôҲһ뱾ӵͬȴġ
ھʹɲˣ
ԼͬΪӵܣֻҪȡ㽫Ҳʲô鷳


401 Сʹ
ҶӦôѵЩһһʱ
Īү̫ˡʱվſڵŮͻȻӿڵҼүŵ˼壬ôܻǵСҶӣҪҼ꣬¶ȥСǸ淢ǣ
죡Īͷһۣŭ
С£㵨ҲС˺˵ͬĪؼ궼
ǡֻһˣĪһ⣬жʱû⣡
˵һΣҲ鷳ȥҶͷĪ˵һ䣬Ƕɱ
ŷݴС㣬Ҳǲ塣
ں⿿ŹŷƳĪˣ
Сӣղ˵ʲô˵һΣĪȵ
ܲ˵ԼϴˣȥӭӣɻûŷƵţð;ݴСһ١
ԴˣĪƽС۸ˣҲû˵ʲôиǸʲôǾôСƺЩ
һ֪С⼸һֱԼõ˴СĳͲ¾˵ġ
ִСȴǰСйأһǻƽ⣬ǵ£ȴԼͲ
ɲǰ磬Խ˼ƽٻ˵ֵܣһͬǰѰҶĻû뵽СӾȻԼš
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ŭҶлֱð
Ī𣿡ҶЦ
ԡĪ΢΢°͡
治ȥҶٴЦ
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үǧ¡ķΧԱߵЩˣæȰҶӳүܺǶȻԺܶͷġ
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ɻҡҡͷǽŵǲƫһˣǿټҶǱߡ
ҶѵõԼҪģ뵽Щһֻйŷ˳ôţЦһֱתͷĪĪҷȰ㣬ӽԺ󣬱ˣ
˵ʲôĪˡ
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ԱߵļҲЦ
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ҶҲÿĪһۣҪĪҲи֣ʼһĸо⣬Щһ»ĸң
΢΢Щҵļ迴һۣ΢΢üͷתͷ˵ȥЩʹӻһ£
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ǰʵҲһǧС㣬ҵ䣬ȣ˷˼Ϊͣһֱ̺ѩѾͷġ
ɽ캬ѩһͻȻҪȥһˣȻ⡰̡ȻֻǼ򵥵֣е˼ɾͶˣ
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룬һӴ˾ͻˣ
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뵽ЩͻȻ


402 ټ
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⻹һСԼүҪ裬Ҳ׳ŵӣ˵˾ԴвĻ
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ǲУȥҷϴ󣡡ĪͳҾͲţСӻܶùϴ󣡡


403 С˰
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ҶȻ졢أŮʹֻҲޱȣŮӶȻֻһۻӶƮƮǧ򻯡
ҶƵôһʱ䣬ԼʹõĹǡ¡žʹ˱飬Ȼ޷
ʱҶҲ΢΢ЩŭˣʩչߵٻСǰҪָСô
Ǻǣҷ˼壬һؿˣǧ⣡ֻ˼ͻȻ۲ɷЦСˣ
δ˵ֻ꣬ǰӰһӰҶǰ
ʱҶӲҴˣ÷˼ƵĲ㽫̵ʹˣ
ҶôҲû룬壬ȻҪԳֿˣ̫Сİɣ
֪ǲֻԼ
̼УҶʹ̨˫ֽŮԹأŮüһ̽ҶһС
ҶֻһӿѪڣֱ͸д󺧣æʱˣʯϻ࣬ˡһײϽϡ
ҶһͷĿѣѪſѩŮӼ裡˾ͿˣҲ̫Щɣ


404 ϴ
ѩĽŮջֻƾճֵˣ˻üͷ΢壬ƾֱ
һ棬ƺ;Ҷ΢Щ֮ɺδ죬ȴ˵̽һȦȴûκεĶҲûҵʲôõϢ
̲ס̽һǰСӣʵȥǿǲȴǹܣԼԭΪʮþȵһȻ˹ȥ
Ȼղһ̽û̽ʲôõϢҪٳ֣е㲻ˣ
ԸԼо˰ɣһŮָ˿֮ϻ̽һ
˼ȥָȴ²ȥ
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ԣͲ˵ˣ˼ֱӽضô
ԣҶüһƣһᣬڨڨ
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֪ϵԣҶͷ΢ʵ˵УԼҲǲ֪ԼʵӦðʲôƺ
ԼǿбԽսҲܳɹɹԼ϶Ҳûʲôùӳԣһˡ
ǸҪ˵ɣ漰˼һЩܣŮ΢ЩǸҡҡͷݣʱܽӴһϢ
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ʱ򿪿˵˵ܷŵôû뵽СĶˣʵεʼ磬ҶЦ
Ǻǡô΢΢ЦЦŷƽضǰԼΪƽӡ
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ѩȥʲôѾӦһԺҲעݣǷ˵ϵҶüͷһ壬ÿŮǲƵı顣
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405 
û뵽СɫôĸֵرӰѩ΢΢ҡҡͷεĵ
С츳ȻŮЩԲʧȻԷʵЩеȣƾԼıŮȴǲܡ
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Ҫֻ֪ÿһеڲǺܼпģ˶ڵλʱԼֻҪ΢΢ס
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֮ԽҶʵ֪ѶˣԣһҶţ˸
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ŷƵĻõŮɫ΢΢һ䣬ӹݹĶһᣬɵЩ̧ͷ˹ŷһۡ
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ĪôҲû뵽Լֻ˵һĻȻ˹ŷƵɱʱ׷ɫ䣬ϴǿһҪǼƽϰ
ŷƻתĬ˰ΣųǰǶһ㹧ķϣξˣ߰ɣ
ŹŷȥӰĪ˴һȻڵϣȫ·ˡ
ʱһͻȻ֪̾ϴǡƵģҺûû򵽴Сϣ򣬰ǲ󡣡
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ļ˴һʱҲдģԣֲԣ׷üͷ


406 ĳ
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һǰһʩλүʲôҪǰæ𣿡
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үЪϢƬ̣һҵȾͻģݺʿָһŮĸҶһ󣬾˳ȥ
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Ҷһ˿Ц⣬Ȼ֤ԼͲ룬磿ߣСԼĲˣôܿ϶Լûдﵽ磬ѵСү˵ĲУֻйŷСӣ
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ĳϴ񲻵žԴ壬һпֱӽ湦ЧʱҶһһҪӿʵˣôܷŹĻᡣ
⻹ҵģ֮Էȥɣ˵ϴУʮ֮һĻᣬ׾ѩڵ˿衣
ԴӺѩ˿עҶȻûֳʲôзŭѣľѳۣβʣҲûãֻ
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407 
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ÿһѪ֮Լ嶼󣬷ǼҪﲻɶãϧڣǰˣеʵ̫ˣòϵԱ̾һᣬ˵һ˴ɵĻ
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żҶҧÿԿ죬ʹѾľȻǻþܾĵףҶѾ˼е棬ʺһ顣


408 
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Ҷνĵ˵ͷһխǰ
һᣬͻȻعͷ󣬿Ҷһ̸ۣЦͨ·֤ŲСǱпϴУͻƣҼϴ񣬶κӵܣֻһΣϣԼܺúðգ
ллҶ΢΢һЦΪһһ߻һɣٴһᣬͨͷ
ͷһտش
룬һֱ׵Բˮ壬м䣬ȼܻ棬֮УһֻúɫʯӴ
ɫķɢŹɹɺصˮԱߣһЩˣɫʯͶǻ֮С
ǷĳءҶһᣬȻȥˮ֮У黯ʯúٽȥ
˵ȡһȭͷСؾʯȭͷСʯҫ۵ĺ⣬ǲĿһۣűһֱۣӽоʯҶһӡ


409 
Ҷֽӹ龧ʯûüۿ
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ˣԽȥˡ˰ֵ
ĳأǷ˼Լӵܽϴ˵طҶǰ䣬Ƶؾ
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ҶסˡҶѽ뾧УתͷЩھԹĺˡϴǾͰѡѪȡͻá
ǣˣһ˹Ӧ
⻰ûʲôɫǰЩ˵ҪǷѪ˲ǾǰҲֲ
𡫡ʱеҶͻȻط˺飬ͬʱڣҫۺ
һֻֻõĻﳯҶӿȥ
һ˲䣬ЩõĻﻯΪǧ˿ƣһֱҶ룬·ʲôǿһ㡣
ţҶȫͻȻصĴ࣬Ǵҫҫ۵ɫ⣬Ѥˣ
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ã䣬ףӽضв˱壬𺳼䣬Ҷǿشɢɫ⣬ͻȻӾĹ͸ڿγһ޴Ĺͼϱãۻҡ
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ȥһ˲䣬ھеҶʱҲѾʧȥʶȭͷĴҿҡ
ֻءһһֱץеĺɫʯѿΪһźɫķ۳ĴƮɢ
ܿڻУҷˡ
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Եһ̣һںɫ̣ڶγһԲ״ı֣Բ׵ķΧȫǡ
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ĹƺҲõǿľǷԾԵţӯ滺ţûжԾκѹ
ˣĶƺģеĸɫʻͬˮһ
Ҷ־ϲͬʱԼı仯󲻽⡣
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Ҷ־ǿȻҪûǿľǣԺǿ˳ת̫ºױ
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ĳصͦصģȻֻô͵ķʽҶ±ӣģע봫ĵʯϡ
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ĬΣͻȻüһƣЦԼǻͿˣǺεȻԼѡˣȻ䲻ţȥμкˣҪȻѾͷԸ֪һķûгļŮϣֳָʲô
΢΢̾Ϣһᣬ֮Ȼɢˣ
ҶٴγʱѾһ˼ĻɽҰ⣬תͷɨɨܣҰտžӰ˷Ҷһ·Լס۶ȥ
ҶҪס֮ʱͻȻɫһ䣬ûʲôӦü䡣
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߸ߣ
⣬ҶСĸһ£ģҲֱ̫ӵİɣֱûѡ񰡣


410 
˭ƾʲôҪҸߣҶ˵֮䣬Ѿʵ˻콣׼
ǰòʲôСŮӵҶһۣ㲻֪˭㣬ֻһ¸䣬˵㣬
ҡҶĵЩҪֻһŮеǰѷĳļʺ
نȻɱ㡣
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죬˵һ֣ͷö׺ݵĿپѹȻֹҶӻļƻʧܡ
үģСү˭˭ˣ˭ΪʲôͻȻԼǰҶƵţȴǲҵû˿ʤʤĵ֣Эѡ
о䣬һïܵӣҶĿ˿󣬾ȻѾһˣǰѳȴĸԼ²ϣ
Ҷ¶Ȼ飬ַݱ¿ֻе۾ʩչҵͻȻðǣѵһǿߣֲԼûһ㷴֮
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ȻаٸԸ⣬ҶǸұ¶װź޹ӵĿſտҲܡ
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ŸۣǲӦ
˿ҶλŮ㣬ǲ̫Ե˵㣡
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Ҷ۾һǸòǸӰɣôĪԼ˸ҪˣӦӰɣ
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ںѩҶһ˲䣬˭ûüӦѩʱҽһһģ׷˳ȥ


411 ɷ
Ȼ֣ҶһŮûԼæѩ׷ɵķȥֻѩǽɫɷס
ԱһֱۿæѩѩǣҶ̲סҶôң
һ꣬ѩ죬ϸü΢΢鶯ǿʹࡣ
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412 ҹ͵
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뵽򿪴ӣܿһ£Ӱ˳ȥ


413 ̿
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𣿡¹£˫գүͷҶǰ˹ȥ
Ҷһ˹ȥɻʲô
ԭүһֱӡü΢죬Ƿ˾Ͳүˡ˵һ۽ǣͷ⡣
ҶڿЦ䣬ԶһХԾ⣬ֻԶݶϣӰһǰһɳۣʱԶƬ֮䣬źӰѾƵýˡ
үʲô»ʧɫӽҶҶŤΪжҲһ֮˽£
ӦòǴ̿ͰɣҶֻڷ˼ô꣬û˵д̿ܽ˼尡
ȥ㡭δͷӰݶƮȻ£ͥҶһ棬˶һ


414 
ɫ𣿡΢΢һͻȻ
ңҶôҲûϵȻܼһʱϲ֣еô
ӰȻǸڻֲҪͷһñʱһ£ĵ÷ʤѩҶеȣͷһ𣬵㻹ǵôתۿ£ʱŭԭЩ޳ɫûʲô
ͻȻŭҶû𻰡
Ů־ܣŷưƮƮƾ磬ݶ£δմأڿһתָ
ޣ˭ҷͣһȻŷƴȥ
ŷЦһżڽһ㣬ǰ΢΢ЦôĵӣȻҹ˼壬ѷɡ
һӽǰ͹ŷƶһɸչУùŷƸѹסˣǹŷ뵽ʱͱˡ
ʱҶҲܾ֮𣬲ɴ󼱣ŷơ
ŷýкʲô£˵䣬Ѷеĳ
Ҷˣӵ룬赶Ūǹģʱһ֮˼״еҶӣ£ĪĹ塣
ŷƵȻһЦҲءùһͻȻ³Ű
ԾɰȴȻһתƵ࣬ɨ䣬䣬ĺˣײǽϣڽѪ
Ҷ΢һԾϣһЩҶһЩʱ˸գĪ֮ʣҶ࣬Ҫַ
ÿ˭ðæҽҶüͷæù
ף㲻Ƿ֮ôôҶȻܶԼ¹ƣͻȻ׳Ҷ
ʱûҶܶһţһʱʧƽ⣬ƶٻʿǰҪܣҶһΣ˫һ˳Ƕ˵ƣǵ˳ȥ
ŷƼҶʾֶΣҲ΢΢ȣղַɣѵСӵΪ־ˣ
ֻҶеүÿŮΣգ
ҶҲ𻰣һʱһЩǰ档
ɣʱǰ׹һŷͻȻҶǰ棬俴Ҷһۣаһӣͽ˸ʵҲá
㣿ŹŷƣҶ沿΢΢鴤ڳЩĪЩΪģΪҶŷƲӦó֣ķͷȴ벻ҶǾʶ
ʱһԴӽ䴦̺ȨҶ̧ۿȥֻڷһϵϵһ˹
ĺڼǰץУҶɶ˻а籵ǸСӵǧ籣ֻû뵽֮ǰȻ׽˸Ǻ񣡡
ϵŮη䣿һӺڼʿڷϵϵ
ȹؽңʾ˼˵΢΢֣ڷϵڿҶһۺ󣬱ˣ
Ҷ֪ڷϵΪλͻȻԼһۣҲûʱȥ룬űץļѣһ٣ҶͻȻ̣һ뷨ġ
˭˭Ҫ㡭ϢңȻǿ
ŷڷϵû֢ᣬ˽ѩЮҵķȥ
Ѿͷû£ô˼ʲôҵĴС㰡Ҳ̫˰ɣҶıӰһѣ֪Ǻá
ۼץԼȴû취ȣҶƵĻصԷŮǷϾƲˣ糢ڣ㽫һԣ˼
ү˲ζôСʡ
Ҷ̾˿㲻׵ġ
ΪǸô¿Щġ
Ҷһô֪
̾˿ղүʱ˲⣬үǺŮǾʶ¶飬ɵϣҲܿŲǳĽ顣
飿Ҷһ󷢰ף֪ǲһԸˡ
ѾͷôԵ޹ܵ˼ɲΪѰҶģһǼ֪Ǿ֪ҲǰΪԼҲûô
ҶĬүôǶǺŮ⣬ȻˣүΪβֱȥ뷨Ӿأ
ֱȥҶɻô
Цôɣô˵ҲǷ˼һүҪңе˭أ


415 ̽
һ˵ҶһףǺͿôҲȨأ
뵽ҶȾܣܳ˻²⣬ؿҶڨڨصţǸ򣿡
λڶڱºЦĿҶһۣЦ
лˣҶ⣬˵һ˳ȥ
үʱǶıӰҡͷЦ
µָʾߣãȻǰһӴ뱤ɽΧԲǧ꣬ǽϼ飬
Ҷֱɸһ̧ű˻а룬ԼȥǷ㣬ҪȳģҡڰյĽȥһ˼˿µһʱ䣬ỳɵԼϡ
ǲѲӵҶר˳ǱɭϣԼ˴ٵݣôȥ
ҶΪѼ䣬ֻһ˼ӵֱܿţǽƼ۵ǰӭӡ
ˣҶһæӵǱ·ǰӭ֮ʣ˫һ̽һ䣬ָб˵â֮óһצģȥ
ҶǽͷķһˣҪǽŲ죬ƺ˹
ȴҲԽţⷽ˹Ҷ࣬һײƱҪ¶Լݡ
鼱䣬Ҷֹסǽͷǽ֮ϣȵ˹ȥ֮Ҷ˿Ծ˵ϣаԼļǡ
һ·Ҷĸȵ˳Ǳڲһǰ˹ҶæӰܡ
ͷҲüͷƺЩ⣬ںͷ˵˼仰̾˿ͷԶȥˡ
ҶԼ·ȥ£һ·ֻÿԼңܹǱת˰Σҵ˹˵ĵط
ҺصΪߣƾҶΪҲһ·˳Ž֮Уڲ˿ܣҲΪѾҪ˿ˡ
Ҷ˳һʯҲ飬һʯϱ޺ΪʪʯУ͸ʯŷ϶ɫί٣ϲִס˫˫ţڰС
һĻҶһᣬأ˼ɲǺôģⲻô
Ŷ룬̧ͷһۣҶ΢΢һϲűĵһۣһŤͷȥ
үС椵ģȻҰۣҶһϵ˵ϹúõĴС㲻ܵ˼ʲô
޳֮ͽŭҲҪĿè޺ӡ
ô޳ˣҶԼˣȴĴƨͶҼ
ȵ㻹Ʊ磬ǰ˵ʲôȴֺŮӵһ𣬲޳֮ͽʲô
Ů˱һ𣿡Ҷһʱסβŵָôֻ۾Һһأ
£еúأ
еȣҶ쿴ͬ˵С㣬ҺӦûûʲôʵʵĹϵɣҺͱŮӽеȣʲôˣ
ҵ¡ûϵ⸺ģɫħ˵͡ûϵޡ޳ܡûģһʱÿڳݲ壬ᶼҪˡ
Ҷһŵ飬ǲԱүԾˡ
ţӶҪ͹ˣҡУһҲ롣
ôҶ¶һ˿Ц⣬һżգŮ˻ֻʮ֮һˣһΣΪʲôҪð˼壬Ҫٲ˵ҿ治ˣҪ֪˼ЩӸǸҪ޳ܣܻ۸ŮˣŮ˺˯
˵ҶͣΪЩ£Ȧˣֻĵ˶ǺöǱһ쵰ˣ֣Ǹ쵰»ٰϵԾһˣʦҡ˵
Ҷ޵ò֪Ǻãڨڨؽ쵽£ᣬȴһͷײҶ޵ðˣﾹȻ˵ܡ
һʱŵӣԲһ£ͻȻס죬дңһʱֹҲû
䣬µһ죬ʯźֱ룬ٽͨ
һһŲ죬ԽԽ
ҶºˣĿˡ͸ŷ죬ǰڳǱǰǸ꣬˿
Ҷһ֣ҪӭУһŭߣһȵĪƣ


416 
һǽŲȻһЪĪƵԳԵصôˣ
ڷϵҶˣап࣬£һѶԸ
ֻڷϵһҵƵʲô
ңĪһʱ֣Զԡ
ڷϵƺһ󣬷ȥҵӣұ֪㶨Ȼйߣ㣬ΪǰǸŮ𣿡
Ůӣѵ˵Ҷ΢ʸףɼδҶҲֻôͷ
ȴĪ֧죬̾˿˵ТһҪȥ
ڷϵŭ쵰ΪŮˣѵڶҪ𣿡Ҳˡ
ĪƳĬһŻ˵һ飬ͳȫǰɡ
ڷϵһŭһ飿ҿһԸŮ˱ץ˵ģҾ˼ķ˫ƾһŮôܽڲԣԭⲻТıǱҪΪ˵飬ѾˣҵĶŮ˶ţëֲֹһѰɡ
ĪƼǿɲɣŮٶ࣬ȴֻһ
ڷϵһϣû־ĶǲҪϷ򣡡
꣬ͨһƺ˹򵹣ֻĪƲҪҪɱֻ֣ܶҪҲȻܡ
Ҷ⻰ͷһȣ֪ĪʲôԻһӹﶼ˸֡
뵽ֻü΢壬֮ǰҲ뵽ԼȨ֮ƣĪôء
Ϸǧ㣬û㵽Ķ㽫Ůӷ˳ȥҪһһȥ
δ䣬һеأڷϵĪƣʲô
ֻĪɬΪ˲ҵ壬ֻʧ˶ԵТˡ
ӣȻڤ粻Ա㡭
ĪƳĬƬʱȻ˵˵ȥǲҵˣҲãɡȭ罣ХʱһƬ
Ҷ游ƹƹֱ죬ңŴڻݳң
ҶСӳңͻȻЦðվңǲʲôͼ
ͼҶȻҵĶֻػ
Ķֻ˫ȭսǺҰұһ
һôжѴֿ
ֻȣͷɫ˵˻˻ϲ
Ҷ˻ͷɲǱ˻㲻ˡ
ߵ˭ϡ
ԺĲˡҶһЦ֣Ծ˷
ҶּһᣬͻȻ̧ͷ۽ȺģҪкҲ˿˿ĸоʮֿ
ǰżĥҶһôҲû뵽˵Ĺϵݱӣһ̣ѽǰ
ɭϣóȥ
ҶЦ͵˵ģǽȥӴųߣǵɽȥ
Ƶ뱤ɽֻĲ룬ʱҶɿִ֣̽ȡһֻ²¼ɳ
㻹׼ȫˡ
ɲȱõģϴùģû뵽λóҶһգವһһôβס
ҶɽһˣҲ˵ء
ɽ±һξ룬ʱҶͻȻ˫ָ㣬Ȼ˲־ƷҶ
ҶĶһͷһȴƼʱǲ԰׵ŭݣһ˫Ĵ۾ݺݵصҧСҲʱ򡣡
ҶѲܶˣҲסҶôҲû뵽ʱ֡
ȴȫҲżЦǵδˣţԺÿҪһٴΣһβ࣬һβ٣˵ô
ЩͻȻһʧϴξ˵ֻҪ䵽УͲ
ôҵ뿴ܽôҶЦЦϴΣҺǵãӴͷţϸϸһطû©һΡסڣӶøˣҲǺ͸ƻ˵һ䡰סڡ󣬾վ˵
Ҷգ۾ֻ̾м޸ˣҲգҾͳԵȢˣ
סڣס˵Ҿɱ㡣
ҧȦתͻȻѥͲγذף㡭㻹ʲô˵ɡ
Ҷɴ۾ʧҪɱң㻹Ҫ޸ˣҲûϵѽұ֤ԣֺαضҪɱң


417 
ҧ޻˵ҾͶˡͻȻתͷŵҲɷģˣҲ޸˵ġ
ҶüҪЦȴʵЦǵЦҪޣ죬ŮˣŮˡ㾿ǴǱ
ҶЦŵ㣬޸ˣ㰮˭ͼ޸˭޸˭ûϵֻҪ޸Ҿͺˣʵܲˡ
˻⣬Ҫ˵ĻôŵذףҶŴȥ
Ҷͷһеţţһл˵
ŵ˵˵
Ҷ̾һо仰ҪתµˣǧҪŮ˵䲻ҪŮƼбҪɱŮˣǧߵԽԶԽԽԽá
ǾҡͻȻϣʹʹŵôأôأ
Ҷ㲻ҪջɱҰɣ㷳գˣϣҲܿˡ
˵ţ۾ȴһֱ͵͵ȻԽԽģҶȴԽԽ⣺ԸŮ˵ķӣ֪ˣֻҪܴģ½пˡ
֪ڵʱȴʹһԾ𣬷˿ƵǰܣҲ֪Ҫܵȥ
ҶĳԾţ㲻ѽǷ˼׷ô죿֪ҷ־㣿
е죬ȴˡ
ɽУ磬ôͣҲͬôãôվҶȴһҲˡ
һջ̾ҶѽҶ˭⻹ǹԼ˭ҪŮˣͷȴñ˸ˣǻá
Ҷռ䣬ͻȻһӰ˻
Ҷ־ϲȴסҪкһ˹紵·̬ôӯ
ߵߣȴ۾ⲻ
ãҶͻȻ⣬üðս˷˼壬Ϊʲô
ҶһȴĬˣһӣҶ¸ɻֻõΪʲôֻҪڷ˼ȡʲôƾڵΪǾ޿ܵġ
ͷҲ֪֮ȴò
Ҷ̾Ȼ֪ô㻹ҪⲻǷɵô
ҶüͻȻ̾ʦأ˼ƣȴֻз˼ѪܾΣ˵ܲô
Ϊ˵ȡѪ𵤣ʦˣҶһ㶣ʦʲôëѪǷ˼֮ô׵ȡġ
հΣͻȻ˵ǰʦһͬΣɲ;УȻ˾ɵˣɵǸʮɫʦΪҲ䵽У֮ڴ򶷹У˾ɵľֶڽһ˲䣬ͻγ̽ھŴ֮Уʱȡ
ɣҶûôȴǼסˣҴԼNŮ˵⣬ԺлᣬȻ֮ù
ҶвʦΪֺòʵô죬Ҫǵò𵤣ʦǱ
ҳʱʦһϢ˵ϸü̾ھǵõ˽𵤣Ҳ֪Ƿü
ҶͻȻ̾ǻˣһΪʦȥŪŽˣῴˡ
ʲôŪ𵤣һҶŪ𵤣գȲü˽𵤣ô˵Ҳ˸ͷæȥֻҪȡ𵤣һӸл㡣
лͲˣҵϲʵһģ㻹ȽϵĽưɡ
ãҪӦһƤ죬ݺݵһۣʾҶҪôߡ
Ҷһ̾ŻУ˵һһҲУֻЩԺ˵㻹ҵĽƣ뿪ɡ
һ⻰˫ӣҶϵĽơ
һȥҶʱ˸Ȼ̧űߡ
ô㲻ȥȡأ÷˫üһµɫƭˣ
ҶһǰЦ˵Ƿ˼ѪǷڼ֮ڲأŷ˼ϲأһû˵ܴǰѽ𵤵
ȴһƺ⣬صȻ֪ǲܣȴǹͷԣ࣬ȥǸ֮
̫߿ˡҶƤ΢죬Щ˼ʵ㣬Ҳȥǵ𵤣ȴҪ
Ҫɵ˭Ҫ
ҶбЦҪͲҪˡ
üȷҪ
Ҷ˵ͷٷ֮ʮĳɹʱˡ
һ꣬ҶһȣǰȥɾʱԶϸ΢Ҷ֪ѽĿȥ
˹ЦһȥȴԶˣɫ΢䣬һԾҶȴĿһҲЦ
˶ʱֹ֮ɫ
ҶɨˣЦԩҲͷͷɾѷˣĪ˹ǶͷңҶûҪǵôִˣ
СӣӲҲûˣڽӡĪ˴˷޿֣һִ֣֮¶Թ֮ɫ
˹ЦСӣŮϲɺأһǻԼСġ
Ҷ΢ЦĿһתעԣȻĪģҶǷ֪
ҪûҶӳô鷳ĪüһЦ˭ŮӽӴͬ۴㲻Ӵˣ˳ԾĹ
ҶЦ˵ĹǾˣֻΪ˭񻹲Ǻ
ߣĪǸҲɫ䣬ŭߡ
ԭĪˣԴϴαҶʹһ٣һֱģҪŷƲ棬Ҳ޿κΣֻ׷Ҷ
ͼڷ˼ܷµ£ץסѱȴû뵽ҶһͳţֱǰǾñʱˣһ·ٶ
ҶңȴһֱûдӴųǲ첻ѣĪ˼ˣȻҶûдӴųһ⣬˺·Ҳ׷˴˴
ȴҶˡ
ȴĪЦСӣ͵ɳȺ£ֻǰٿĪˡ
ҶЦһȴû𻰡
ֻɬɫҡҲẦɣ
ȻᡣҶȻһЦŵҲ£һ֤Ὣͳ˼塣
˹һضϵСӣԼѴ٣ʲôۣƣɵ֧ô
Īȵѩģϻ˵Ҷ߸ˣԹԽŮˣҿҶ飬㲻
ҶЦùŷѹҡԵߣ׽׽˫ҽȫˣҿŷкƾ֤ң
ȫˣĪЦѩģδ⻹̫Լˣ˿ɶǿߣƾ㣬ɱô˵Ҷһʱ㵽㻹ǳ˵λ
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ҶԹѵڣȻˣѹöԷʧɫкòȣνʿգĿ࿴ϴμֻһķϽһ˵ȴǧҪ׳
ʱҲ֪Ҷһҧѩģ˭Ҫ㹷ҧӣߣСزʶЩЩˣСһӦ
Ҷû𻰣ĪЦС椣㻹Ǻģ龰ȻԼ룬ƽˣ˻ǲְ
ŭĳ졭
Ī죬ҶлȻһԥһ󣺡Щ쵰ڲ֣ڵȺԮԼڳɱǣԼڷ˼ɾû·ˣӵУǽɣңڹŷƸϵ֮ǰԼܲɱǣǸ⡣
ô죿Ҷռ䣬ͻȻҰٰ˵ֻҲŹˡ
ôǿֻôˣҶһݣǰ죬˵ĪԱߵǿôᶯֻ֣ҪCסǾͿɣɱˣԸˣֻҪڹŷƸ֮ǰɱǣǿܾû£
׼ŷȻһ֪Լ£ʱݱܣٽ˷ʬ𼣣ŷ˼岢ʵԶʣԼ޿֣һڷϣһ
ʱ򣬾Ż黹ûȫ¶ǰӳ˼塣
ܲڹŷƸϵ֮ǰɱˣǾȫƾˡ
ˣͷӦһ
˵֮䣬ǾĪԽԽʱĪһӣ˳ӭ˹סȵǻ翹ɣ
ҶٶȲֱߵǰסŲҶɫ˵֮£ǶȻץסˡ
ĪĿҶһۣԹ˵Ȼ
Ҷ˵û
ҹŹɡ


418 
չŵģҶЦһǿ¾·ˣЦЦ״ʵչŵʲô
ô֪
֪áҶЦǺǵصͷתؿһۣϵЦʧͬʱְ׹һ콣Ȼ֡
һٵ飬͵һλ콣ͬʱתδ־ȫһ
ΪͻƵ壬ҲǼӿˣ
һͬһ㣬˲̴˾Ҷһ˵ĺ
н֮ˣδʶõʱɤһƬŴͣ뷢кһֶ²ʧȥƽ⣬浹¡
嵹أҶһ콣ţݣżʬؿڣֱӴͷԾļˡ
ȻѾʱ׼ӦҶֵ󷨣˭û뵽ֻǶ̶̼첻ҶΪȻͻˣٶ֮ϴΣӹ
˵ǣҶԼҲţԼ󣬾Ȼ֮ǰȫĲͬھǽ֮ŷһսҲǳġ
Ȼֻģսսʤȴû˼Ѹնɱһ˺ڱ𴦼ϻԻãȻʱҶ콣˿ĨǵĲҪ
ˣҶ⼸˵дֱĪ
ˡ嵽ĪǰʱѪŴ˵˽ǺϣɺѪһźƮڿС
Ҷˣ˴󷢣Īһ׹Գ߳塣
ʣ¼ֻͷ飬аһͷĿ׷ͶĪ
Īϲ¶ɫȴΪ죺ٱ̬ͬǿߣɱˣŶԣĻƣ
ƽƣΩͼܣʱԣʱ֮ززԺͼ㡣
Ҷ˼ĿоⱩǣĪĪ״ҶЦƹĪһ˵
Īһȣ߲޵أҶͷһĸ޸ͣɱĸǿߣǿ߲ɰ쵽ѵ
뵽һ뱨ˣҲȱסԼҪ
Ŀһץס˹۲ҶһӣЦվʹ˽ҹҶѿ쵽ҾͲˣڣ
˹ôҲû룬ĪĻὫԼųӳȥһʱʧɫҪ֮ʱҶ콣ѻĲӣĪȥѾ󲽣ֶȥԶ
ⲻ֪ҶΪȻǸ߳٣ҪװնɱǣҲǲܣڣƵƵɱгɹȫƾʤ
˷һٶģʱҶѲľĪֻԼӴĦƽ⣬ҶɱˣȴǺĵﻹ
ȻҶȡʱ䣬㲻Ҳܽ¡նɱһɾͲ֪ҪѶ೤ʱˡ
ҶҲû뵽һȻôķɱ˺󣬾Ȼʱ׷ɱĪôҲû뵽ģֻùʲʱߡ
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ѩȻˡֻǺ죬ƺʣ缤Х
ĪһƺߣѩЦĪģǰҰҲܣΪʲôҪСɫ鷳ˣܷ㡣
ȭŸͻһҽУĪ֮󣬱û졣
ѩеҶˡδ䣬һеء
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ѩһᣬͻȻŶһ˼ûﰡ
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ѩЦǡһ٣ֽŵ㣬ҶҲþ뿪
ΪҶû꣬䣬ͷһƣǺѩֻͻȻڷ˼ô鷳뿪һ֪Źġ
˵ǣû¶ǰұ뿪ҶͷһᣬüͷûмĻûܴ򿪣ôȥ
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ʲôҶ̲סԺѩ졣
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۹Ĵ۹һ޷һǧֽϵĵһ仰Ҷһȣһֻ޷һǧÿĿ۹½ޱߣ˿ڲڣĴһȴֻһǧǵõˣ񲻾ЩŰ
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ˣѾʼˣСɫһȥɡѩվҶ
Ҷüͷ壬ûбİ취Ҫȥô
ѩһۣ㵱ôýôҲֻǷ˼ĸڶѡŽ㲻ڼңû鷳һȻ뿪˼壡
ɷ˵һһקҶߡ
ֵתҶҲ˺һԲۣźѩҪʲô
δ˵꣬΢΢鶯ü¶ɫʲôζ
ֻѩ΢ЦСɫɲ²£
¾Ͳ£еҩ֮Ҷ۾ҡͷһ󣬺ЦСѾͷӦòʲôҩɣȵȣ֪ˣѪ𵤣
СɫϹɶˡȻҲҶѩԲһƿһȻͷߣ߱ߵʦȥ˰ɡ
Ѫ𵤣ƿӵдϲ׵˵лڴˣҪлˡ
ѩ˫ڣǿСɫķϲŸģɱлң
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̸иܣѩҶֱߵ̨֮£ң˻վ̨ϡ
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˵ĿһλһƺѧԺεŮһϮбһŴǱŷƣ˭
ŷôҲĿⶢŰ꣬ҶüչŵӦòǷ˼ӵܰɣĳϣô
ƸȻǷ˼ˣڷ˼Ҳźĵλġѩɰʼ磬ȻƫͷϷʵĵ븮ƺ鷳ˡ
һѣҶЩ۵ĶͷϹŷƣԼûʲôʤ㣬ոͻ壬֮һҲܼԼʵֻµĲǹŷƣǵּǳĽ㣬ʱǲСİһۣȻһ𣬽ȻǺ޵ڡ
Ǻǣ˭ҽ۰ˣԺ뱾СһԺ͵öൣҶһ˵ѩͻȻ콿ЦȻԼ岻ССϷ˵糺졣


419 ĸ
ҿûкһ뷨ҶƲƲ죬ЦӣϽͶ˵ӣ׽ЩֻҶ׷ɱˡ
Զתͷ뺬ѩվһҶ΢΢һ㶣üͷӹһĨм
ҶӸɴ࣬ҲƣԶԶǰУ뺬ѩһξ룬ȺһüʵվһĻЦеıݣʱࡣ
ʱֻˮһ˵ϡ䣬
˼һͷֻһ߻վһ룬ӵ̨֮ܵղˣޱߣ򲻿ϡȴԶ
Ҷ꣬꣬ιͷ˵Ȼ̨Բ˶Էô
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˼ǰԽ֮˵վɫ£ڵա
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Ӣ˵գϵϥǰһݣ˵ȷ׷װݵȺһƬ
ö񣬶ɣ΢΢̧֣ȴһ˿ŭ⡣
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˵Уֻһϵ֣֮飬ڷ˼Уɲټÿһη˼ԼĴλĵĺܣӲĻ˸ᣡ
ȥԭ򣬴ʱȴ벻֮Ȼ۴ϵκ󣬲ŵȻ¾˵


420 
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˼δ𻰣ϵȻӿڵӦعʮϵ֣֮ҲʾˣҲ˴𸴣͵ȼˡ
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ϵЦãȻͬұûʲô˵ˣӦôһ뺬ѩСء
˼½Ŀ䵽ϣ˰ΣȻڻ£һʤùѩˣ
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ݼССһӵܣȴԲѣ̲סݳȵ֪ͽСȳƳĽд籣ǹŷù籡
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ݼ״һֻһӼ䣬ն٣һһģԼ˫󾹱Լİ籷ˣߡ
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ѩŷһɼ˳תȻԸҲΥֻúݺݵ˹ŷһۣȻвʵվһԡ
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֪ͺã˵ͷ˼ɫЦ⣬Ѿûʲôˣһ³˰ɡ


421 ƶ·
ֳ֮ôҶһϲȻӦͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôѩҪˣԭǿɾͽ뿪˼塣
ɱĪЩ˲˵ɱЩˣڷ˼Ȼûлʲô⻹ҶĵЩ飬Щ³Ҫعģܰĵȥô
뿪Ҫ÷˼˷ʲô˿ҪɱƸϲֻ࣬¶ƬҲˡ
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صŵһ޵ĿǶ˱Ӱһۣ֪ͻȻ˭һѶܿʮԶԶøҶ
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ҶͷһۣмǣֻҪǻڷ˼壬ǾͲҶ֣ţֻҲֻ֪סЩʲôԲߡ
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Ҷ˼˼ѱ棬Ҳ˵û˲ҴЩ⣬Щ飬ֻҪһߣпܱ
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Ҷ뿪˼еǳȥСʹһ׼뿪ʱ
Ҷϸ˿һֻܴһˣһæ˵档
֮Ϊڻڷ˼壬ȻĴֻһĴ⣬ǺβҲҲȥ
ֻҪ뿪˷˼壬ʱҪԹŷƵ˵ʣͺͺѩһ£˵ߵŮˡ
ʱȥ;УҸᣬûߡ
һҶûעԼæԼסȥǰţҶ˵Ӹһɴסף㳯Ǵȥ
ҶٴεﴫǰʱֻһϹûһˡ
ȥκʦ£ԵѪҡʱҶͻȻͷ
ߣϡȥˣ὿һƲͷ
㣿ҶűǿЦһ£ٶ˵˴У³֣ͣ
ʱϹǣҶӰâȻӰ
һﻹ飬Ȼ˵߾ˣĿһۣе㲻ζ
ߣһâţҶһİĵطһ󷨣Ҷͳܴһۣ˶ڵ̧ȥ
ʲôȥˣôڲŴ͹ôһˡҶһԪ̲סʵ¶֮ɫ
㻰࣬ҲֻһᣬͽиݡѩݺݵԪһۣһŵһһҫĿĻƹ
Ƭ̺󣬴һԶԶͬһâ
ѩˣһϲæתҶ˽߰ɣʾˣʽʼǵϺѧԺ֮ðɡ
ҪôҶȻüͷʣȴһϲãǰΪµˣȻھߣǾûǰ뿪һʡ鷳
ͷһ꣬Ҷ㵱ǰȥ
ŷǣűݵ֣ҶһۣҲ
ɲ֪ΪʲôҶǴӺԪĿвһ˿޵ĵͲмʮơ⣬ԼǰûˣӦûʲôطһǡ
ڣŷơݶˣЩ⡣
Ҷ֣͸ѩùŷ뱱ݶ˵øС
ȷ˼ҶԼĴҶܿԪ
ɽ£һ޴ɭ֣ҹ̸·һʮգ·żּЪϢָ
һգڱɽµɭ֣ǰȥԶԶĿԿԶظ̲ϵһӴʯǳء
ԶһɽϸǳԵΰ׳ޱȡ
Ԫǰ棬Զ̲ϵĳǳأʱ¶ϲɫͷЦǺǣãǰճˣЩ죬ҪˣճЪϼգ·㿴ô
Ϣʲô·ѩһۣͷҲ̧ͷ
⣿ڱؾܣԪʱеЩѿֻÿŷƣ΢ЦҶӣôǷҪϢ
һֺúѩɣͽŷƣʱôҶЩˣ


422 
ŷƻͷ˱һۣЩ·Ҳͷͬˡ
ҶͬûһҲ֪֮ں档
ԹŷΪŷֵÿѩ뱱ݵҶͬ񶼲Ҫ
ԪȻдܳסҶȥΥŷƵ˼
ڳֻкѩΪҶЩ򱧲ƽһ£ֱӾճס£ЩγУСɫҲеһԱôϡ
˺ѩѣŷҲűӣҶʾһ£Ҷʲô뷨Ȼֻõͷͬˣɾͷ֮ʱŷͻȻһ·ҪСԪܻᰵ֡
ҳ֣ҶĿŷƣû뵽ҶͦϸĵģȻע⵽Ԫ쳣һ϶Լ֡
ܲ£ǼһΪʲôԭ򣬻ҳ֣
ŷ˫ַԺ󣬷һۣûе⣬ֻΪѩѾͷѾͷڷ˼ڵĽɲ٣ԪеһѩкøУϹӶܿСźѩȻἵ㣬ԺҪСˡ
ΪԴˣҶֻܼĬԶʧ
ŷƿ˳ĬԵҶһۣԴ£ûжκɫаͷһȻ쳣侲꣬ԺܿԼһǿĶ֡
ǳȥʱ;ԽһЩɽ϶룬ճʱɫȻ谵ǳعȻһɽ֮ϣնʡ
źһ¥Ŀջۡ
Ԫеþƺò˾
Сһӿ߲Ц˳ϵƻ
Ҷۿȥֻ߰ˡ
ڽһжŮԼĪʮ꣬ӥĿī۹ֱǰȫޱ飬ֱ߷һں˿ң֪ʢź
ŮȴӰһ廨ȹ̬ȡ
λ͹ۣСˡСһ״ɺӣЦСѩ
С򿪺ӣһ˵ľʱҶıǿףϸֻװһ͸ѩֻϣȴֲϸ̡
ѩȻʧЦǡѩ̱ôȻѩķ
Ҷһ㶣ûֶǴ̶ġѩ򡱣ǲ֪¿ڡ
СɫôԣѩҶѩ̱㶣æ֪ѩݽмۣһһ𣬿ǹˣԿɱڡ
ŶҶŴﶼԼûŪԷǰǲ硣
ζĲŶ
Ҷһᣬˮ󣬲ŵҲôϲǳ԰ɡ
治ԣѩŷƣŷ΢΢Цģû˺
ѩһЦһֻѩ̱һ£˺ʼӨӣʰһţ˱֨֨
ţóԣۣȼǿˣֻϧ˵㡣ѩɨ󣬶һĿɿڴ
ҶЦԭѾͷǰдԣܹ֮ƣ±˺ʳ̰ԣԼǰеһˡ
ֻһĿС㣬ҪûԹҼ⻹У
ҶĿȥɿǸӥĿתͷźѩЦԣܽУʶҵġ
ֵϢҶӣͻȻһ˺صаһ㣬õ
ιӣΪʲôҪ뱾СԶѽѩǺӽе
ԵͷĿѩа㣬ںѩϣѩһʱһ
٣ֻŷͻȻһ
ǣȴסһŷƣӹһ˿졣
˭Ҫֻŷƻվ𣺡Ҫǣ˧ɱ֮ƵٰޣΪҪװһˡ
ȻʶңҲǱϵˡֻǺһâȻıһ˧Ща꣬ŹŷЦһ£Ǳϵһλ
һʣŷơ
ôŷһĿһâ
Ͳ֪ǲɱˣٵȻĻһ䣬˫ŷ˹
ɻ֣ŷ֪ǰٵĳ˫һ˾͵ôݽϹǣѲ˺һһ
һƿȫ޻ɣȴ񵶽ˣǹҶƮɣ͸ٵػӰնͷ
ѪɱôٵЦԭµҶ֣Ǻǣѵٺúûᡣ
ҲСŷЦ
ǱȰĳƾ˿ˣҲ̫˵ɡ⻰һ꣬ͻȻһ˫֣кâһȵˮ£
ʽһջڵĹ߶ʱ䰵еⶼðеǸ֮С
˹ŷƣڳ֮˽Աɫ
ôŷɫ̧һɨҶ족
ջڵоͰһɸߣڰлһѿ
䣡ˮ䣬ֻóһƬƬıҶܴʱջޱȣЩҶѤĹâ
̧ͷпȥֻˮҶ⳯
һʱȻҲǵ͹˹ŷˣоۼѾõĺ˳ȥ
ءءء̶Ϣʱ䣬ǧıҶײžл䡣
ѩеƸ粻ɡ
һʱѷʤҶҡͷͻȻˣʲô񣿡˵䣬ĿⲻʱǺֶֻ꣬ȴƺԵŹŷƵıҶһš
ʱѩǹĿַβŵ㲻֪ʲô񣿡
֪ôҶĵ۹֮УԼ֪Ķúȥˣ
Żشֱ׳ַѩһŵǵ۹ĴƳһְ񵥣ϼ¼ʮڣİš
ֻаҶһȣ۹֪ϽŶų˿ڣвż¼һˣԹԣ˼صĶЩʲô¸֮ӡ
ŴеĹŷƣҶͻȻһŷڰŵڼ
ô֪ѩҶһ۵ϵֻǱ֪Ƹ˼Σû˵
ʱͻȻЦһƱƿŷƣվŮǰȻҡȵһʱʤѷ֣վͰְɡ
ŷƻû˵ѩȴǲеιΪʲôˣС㻹ûˣհٵǲҷƸ磡
ٺ⣬źѩ΢΢Цҿ˳ͦģֻ⻰˵ҪȻʮȫʮˡ
ѽȻҹС졣ѩСƢнеƸ磬ҸһͷԺ󻹸Ҳ˵
ݰѩҪ֣
㣬û֣зƸ֡ѩ̬ᡣ
ҶһҸ㣬¾ķƸҲڶʱȡʤ
ôҲţСɫϴοʵҲҪͷƸһϣˡѩһᣬ뵽˺⣬üЦ
룬¹ŷҲҶ֡±ӣҶЦŷƺεȰ֮ˣԶһ£Ǿģ
ʱֻһֱû˵ԪһӥãԽӣٹȥ
³ͻȻ˭Ҳû뵽ԪͻȻ֡
ۼóɵľĵȴ΢΢һЦָֻ΢ָӰؿڻ
ԪԾ֮УͻȻһѾһʵԼ߳һأҲӦ״̬Ϊ棬Եͷͺˡջһ빥ƣֱ̧𣬱Ϊצץ١
еɲǣָͻȻţâԪֻ͡һƾʹæȺߡ
ٰ棬ƮƮϣԪ壬ȥһ죬ѹ÷顣
һֻѪףѪŭ
Ʋֻ֣û뵽Ȼͦջһʵܻмܡ
Ԫ䤱ղżŷԼУҲӦԣȴǲ룬ʵʽ֣ȻôĲ࣬Լ;ֻƶָ͸ˡ
ԪľѨλȫ÷סˣڹ޷˳УűƵõС
֣ڣһбԪ˹ŷһۣԵŮӣһسɴһ㣬Խһࡣ
ôԪ˴ϾŹסаâһȻѻ˱Уһӭ
ס֡ŷƽкУԪֻǰâζɭɭֱƹϼʱˡ
ŷƷϵ֪赲Ѫʽһٱ
Χκԡ
Թŷƣٲ˿⣬΢н
У䣬һ֡
ԪһѪʮһӵд󵶷㶡
ŷٶŶ޷


423 β
벻㻹ʵŷƻ
㲻ҲԼеʵԼĶǰûʲô𡣡˹ŷһۣҲŮ߳ջ
ҶӣȥԪԹڲȡԺһ󻼡
ŷ¶һ˿ΣŰԱߵŮˣҪɱˣ̸סֻ̾ⷽˣѵΪԱߵŮˣÿĻƿôǵİ£һҪߣҲסΪ˽𡣡
ʱŹŷƵ֣һЦ֪ҷ˼ʲô
˧ɱ֣˵ʲô
˵ɱ˵ģԪˡ
ɱˣѵɽˮôŷ
ѩ¶ȵƸ磬ô֪ɱ˵ģǷ˼ĵ̣ѵɱˣ
ٺ٣ɱɱˣʲô˼Զȥ˰٣ŷһһصҲδػǷ˼塣
˵һ䣬ŷƻתӦòɱ˼ˣ㵹ǿԷġ
ŶݻعͷǾͺá
ֻҶת¥ȥͬʱֹʱ㾡ܲǼ£Ҳܻɻġ
ҶͻȻ˵ôĪһ仰ﶼ֪ƣֻйŷһ㺮âҲ˵Ŀ䵽Ҷϡ
ֻҶνҽҲǿԱûʵ
֪ĲٰͻȻŷҶ𣬡ѵͲɱ㡣
ɱңҶ￩һ£Ӿ͵ЦΪС£ǲֵģΪ֪ģԶеĻҪࡣ
Ŷһ٣ŷƽŵ㻹֪Щʲôȫ˵ˣڲ˵Ժֻûˡ
ӦϢˣԺ£˭˵׼ˡҶҲͣڴ򿪷ʱŵҰ֣棿
̾˿˽ȥ
ߣСɫ˵ЩʲôôһҲѩŭҶķ䣬˰ΣŹŷƣڴЩʲôգ
ûʲôϢ绹Ҫ·ˡŷƵһЦű¥µ۾ĺѩ
ԪгŵĻɸĵСˮķ䣬Ҫϴ˿ڡ
ҹб繳ҡ
һиİžֻмԶż˵˵̫Ϣ
ɹĴϿտյֻɫбб䵽ߵǽǣӳһӵӰ
Ҷһȴ̽ͷ˳ˣƮ¡
䵽ϣһ죬ͷһֹѾͷҲ̫ðʧˣ촦ȥ»£һӰš
ߣڳˡӰһŴܳȥ
Ҷʱȸϣһ·ʲô
˭ˣֻ˳·ѡһӰܵøˣڹ¡ˣģһСģ±ٰסһͷԽǰСӹ
ˣˡһĻҶпࣺˣѾͷĸԣԼùѪͷ
һ󣬼ҶѾ뿪кԹһᣬҶûģΪ׷һξ룬ֻûиϡ
ֻȷؼң˭Լؼҵ·Ҷߵͬ·ҸɵǻҶǣ־ϲһ·һֱβǺ档
ҶҲǽڽйʱԲҹԾһٶ
ҶδʱﲻסˣˮϢེˮһҶģ㺦ģ
ҶĻع˸սЦţӦòҰɣԼû·Ŷ԰˵ˡ
˭˵ˣҪ׷һ𣿡ͬһֻǱޱȣһ˫üŭŵףףʲô
ʱˣ㷢ʱǿɾͳˡҶֹԸֲǲ˽⣬û¶ϲҲ꣬ο£ǻˡ
˵ʲô⡣
ûʲôûʲôҶæ˵˵ѩƽ⣬ΪС½ƽϣһһĺŮ
仰˵òüЦ˵վű𶯣лҪ˵
˰ɣл˵ˡҶתΪϲٷҲɾʱǰһѻ˹
ԴˣҶæͷͶ㣬ɾʱֻҪǸҶ㣬Ժ󶨲ˡ
Ͳ㲻ǿܵġҶȻһ٣һ뵽ѾͷûأԼվŲָʲô࣬û˵˹ȥ
Ķ㣿ҶȫԼĸܣһʱʹӭٴγ˹ȥ㱻
뵽Լ䵽ˮУҶοԼйȴĴ϶ԼԽԽһڵϣޡ
ͻܵ𾢵Ҷ㶣ûϵУֻ޵ʣ߿ޱ˵˶Ǻöֻ۸Ůˡءʦ֪ءһ㲻úء
ˣˣˣҶ޵ò֪룬Զߵǰͬ׳ʿҰҲˣɣ
ߡСѾͷ˵Ĳˡ
׳˵һҶһͦȻ
ãԼ˵ġһ˿թӣʱһ飡ȭ䵽ϡ
һᣬͻȻݺݵס⣬Ÿ״
Ҷҧҧʼûг׳ʿˣͬʱпࣺСѾͷҲǲ飬ԶŵģҲô
ǸоҶڲ˰Ӻɿˡ
ŵͷҶҲɢˣҲˣӦÿ˰ɣԺҪǺˣŷСӿǵģòҲܱϢҪӳ˼壬ɾ鷳ˡ
Уһ£ǲк븮ҡ˵һ죬ֲ֪˵ʲôźá
ʽʲôҶͷѾͷеְ
һᣬͻȻһԹɫҶϵ֣ЦǲҲҪȥ죿
һ£Ҷô϶ֻú˵ͷҶҡͷɾ鷳ˣǺ븮ǿ̣ºѽȥ
һҪȥ
ΪΣҶôһ˵ɵۣѵôˣѾͷҡ
뵽Ҷһתó븮ĽЦȻôǺã㡣
ңһᣬҶеĽ㽫ңô죿
ٺ٣а취ҶУȻֵĿܲ˵˵ΪʲôôҪ
⣿һᣬŵܲԺٸ㣿
ʲôԼϹҲ˵Ҷ΢ЦĿɼǵãϴ뿪ʱҶ˵ĻôڿŶ
ͻȻҶ仰ɫȻ죬åҲŲŮˡ
ҶЦүǱãѵ䲻㡣
ߣ۹⣬ɲеǿ۹֣ŵˣҪˣѪͻȥһȥģϣʱƾԼı½ȥˡ
ġҶЦûգҾͲὫˡ
СĴ˶ƤҶһۣԶڰȥˡ
ǲҪƤźðŮǰʳԣǼӵĴ¡ںڰеӰҶЦ±ӵǹѵôѽ
ҡͷҺڷҶǵʱ򣬾͵õһöʱƾ½ȥƾҲһܽ
뵽ſջȥɾ͵յջſʱͻȻɫһ䣬æԱߵݶԾȥϢ
ֻӰ˳һǰһ󣬼ϻһˣһĻҶü壬ڳ֮ʱƺ뵽Щʲôͣ
ȻܣԼֺαֿԣǹҲܣ䣬㲻Ӱ
峿
ŷƴӷгɨһۣȻһףԪأ
Ҷеѩ꣬ҡһҡŵӦ濴ճɡճܺÿô˵꣬ѩջ̧ͷȥʱЦãֻԪڰգͷ˸ֶŻգ˿Ȼʲôַ
һЩΧ֮վԶЦֲЦ
ŷƣСնҼǸССͷһӰ˲ƮջдЦϵĽƣһ弴ɣٺ٣Ҵʺãڡ
ԶȥӰŷҡͷĿһƳҶʾȥȣҶ΢΢һЦֱԶȥ;Ц߶ͣԼһ°ɡ
㣿ҧҧһƮɽȥǽ⿪µأָԪĶͷ˭֪Ԫһ̱ڵϡ
æŷƵƸ磡


424 Ϯ
£ŷƸԪǰһ㣬ԪԾ˼ۣף٣Ҫɱ㡣ޣ׷ɱȥ
վסŷһ
Ԫ˻ЪؽеٰҹһҹҪ𡭡
죡ŷɨһۣ˵µΪֹɱܲίԣҹط˼壬ҪԺϺѧԺٶۡűݵ֣Ȼתǰȥ
Ԫ˴һ˿ݣǾԲ˵ģίûܹǰڷ˼ʦ谮û˸ûܵκ˵ĳ
Խ룬ԹԽ࣬Թŷֲҷйã̧׵۾૵ˣԺԺһҪһԾβŷƶȥ
뿪ճǣҶǰһƬ޼ʵĹϴ֡
ʱմ𣬾Ŵ˸оޱȣҶһˣڹŷƵָʾ£˽Ųé®ľǱУɱ뵨ӡ
峿ڣǰͻȻһСϪһϲЪЪţٹͿͨƬ֣챪ˣʱͣ£һ£ͨ챪塣
СϪڴѴɼףҶһˮĻɤţһӹȫ˵̹
ںѩĽл£Ԫ͵𣬶Ҷȥ׽
ʮֻʵϴɾ󣬱㷵˻뺬ѩտ
һ˱ǣϳ˼Ҷ׿ʹᣬԾʰľҧһڣЦζǲһֺ꣬ݺݵҧһڡ
ͻȻ䣬ҶͷŷȥҲ¿⣬ѸϨһԾ𣬺ȵ˭
һƬžż޵ĵûκ쳣ȴӾ裬ղųһɼΣյϢȻ˲伴ţôﶼˡ
ŷĿ⾼ȫ䱸ӦչޣƮƮѱʮﷶΧȴһ񣬡ѵǴԲǡѵʾ磬ޱȣŻеġ
ڹŷƵʾ£ҶƮһôԪ뺬ѩݼ˺ϳһƣֹͻŷվڳ룬ϢԼʶΪ㲻߹ԼҲԼԶֻԲӦ䡣
ԽԽߣ¶ҲͻȻ䣬ŷƹһЦҶЩŹ֣ʲôһ꣬ȥ
£Ҷ˴Ҳȥֻǿĵطݣ̲סô£
꣡ŷ˸Ķɫرء
һҶߵߣСʵصж
ŷգգ۾ֽ£˲ʧҶʾҾ䣬ſ棬ȻϣԼɳɳƺǧڱƽ΢΢
һŷƺȻܣ
죡ҶһԾȫǰȥȻŷƶҪܣ֪²һźѩеɢˣ
ɾʱڱеԪȻ˽ŲЩҶӣ㿴Ƕ
ŷһӣʾ漸ǰעĿʱһԶĵڲԼͻʮӼ
ǰ죬ҳֿСһ㡣һ꣬ŷѪʽΪâЩ
ˣһ죬âݺ룬͸
ɾʱˮһ㣬ЩҲƺתһ޴Ķơ
ô£Ҷľ
ܺȻ̡˲һӲĺɫʯ塣
ŷӹЩʯȻѣڵ㣬˹գ̺ǿÿһڵ㶼֮
淢һĲҽУһžƾը죬ɭоþûص
һԼͬͣ£žʧı뺬ѩѩŴͣƵģָŵһƬڿ̿֡
£ŵĹâеһڲǲһֺɫֳ档
ǺȻߣǼ̵ڵ÷չŶԸţ򱱹뺬ѩȥٶȿ磬һš
ŷۼֿ죬Ľһ֣Щֳ;Ϊҽ
ͬһʱ䣬ɼϵĺȫ嶯ˣ˲䲼ռ䣬ǵأڣ޿ײ룬һֳĺȺУɽХư硣
ȥ죡׳档ûʱϸ˵ŷƵϣѪʽǧâǰ񱼣Ϊ￪
׳沢壬ѩҲ׾ˣǧһӵϣȴֲ֮ɱɱģһǲϣ
һܣܶԶ͵ܶԶ
ҶķӦҲǼ죬һ˦콣֣ɵһƬ溣һ·Ȼչǲǰȥ
Ԫƽ죬ֳһƬɫԻζóۼ׻סȫͺһ˳ȥ
뺬ѩڽǺ棬ʩһ裬һܲ͸Ļ׳֮С
׳ֹŷʩɹѪʽ·һ֧ɫͷ񲻿ɵ׳汻ʵ÷ǣڳ溣İΧ
˳һ˷ֹͣǰŷҶʹ˸ɫҪɾ裬Ҷһݣչʶ쿴ܱߵĶ
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ǰһŻۣ齣ʮУͷԵԪÿһתƽƣûľǧӰڡ
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սһٶ񣬸ִȫ䱸Χʬ壬ǲ֫ƬѪȡ첲ͷ­ɢأŨܵѪζŻ
ЩԪսˣһҲ˵ãͬʵȻƴλͬǿߣֲϴܶϺѧԺУ
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Щ˶ϼ޻֮бĿǰȻģȻŰٶˣǰΪȴǸߵˡ
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һ˺ٺЦΪʲôҪ㣿˵˵ҪүǽˣûŻء
һҽУѪһ쳹֣
û˵꣬ŷкһѪʽѾǺԥȥ
ѪȪ˵ĲӴŵ˵ϣʱ˿ŷͦӰжʱ˿־塣
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ЩʣµУѾЩɫףп죬һľ˶ţƺʲô
ҶͷʱһۣתȻƽڣǿԸҿԱ֤ϢˣտԻ
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ʱ˴һɱˣŻһӰܳͬʱֱɨŷƵĲӡ
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ֵֻǣԷֻһʦڵߣΪȴٶȡ
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ԼֲˣҶ˫ĿУӰζͬЩ˵ûȶԷӦʮϡ
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β˭ѩ뱱Ҳ˽κܵĻᡣ
ӹȥܿ԰ټƵĵֻ֣ܿʣʮˡˡһˣɵֻʣһʱҶȴס֡
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ˣһҪǵķѡԪУûԵÿͷڼȻѾĿϾôˡ
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뵽ŵ˺ȵɱһȴѾǰȥת۱㲻Ӱ
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ڲˣһ˴ĹɽɱˣҶѣһҪŪףŷƵΪʲô


426 
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Ҷǹһ˿Ц⣬漴Ƶתٶȣ΢һ£ΧϢҲɢϢϢĺ÷
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вͱһˣʣ޲Ȼˡ
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427 
Ҷ˿ڣͻȻɫ΢䣡
ҶͻȻһǱĽ챪ؽ磬ѵ뵽Ҷɫ䣬ֺܲõԤУæǱ߱ȥ
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⣬ʮسʿüͷһ壬չʱȻΣЩҲֻһ棬ƲӰ
Ȼ˳ǣһ·϶ԣŽֱֵһ̣ɽŷңֵһᣬǽܣǰ壬ڴЪϢ
ԹŷΪףȫӦǰԪڻ谵ôڷ߳һͣ棬ۻǲƺЩη⡣
һۣ˺벽£סô
֮ǰ㻹ŪЩԵĶɣԪ£Ե
õģλ͹ȣʩˣ֮С
ҶȥĴ£ֻĴһɳ¸֮Ʋȥȴǰ룬̫С£һʱҲû롣
ո£ҳһ̣ϸżӣѷһЩʳ߲ˡ
ѩ࣬ŵǲףôˣڳڴͣеⲻȥһöңݵ˵¡
סǮҲֹ̧ЩֵֻһЩͭңȴһöңⲻΪôҿûǮ㡣
ѩ΢ЦⲻǷǮģպðɡ
΢΢һȻ͵ģҾͲˡ
ҶǮȫ޼˷֮ɫ֣Ҫ֪ȻʱڱһöҺҲַ죬ô޶ԡ
һᣬҶϻĪǶǮƿñȽϵˣ΢΢üһʱ޴ӱ⣬˿ݱȡһ˫꣬ҪЮˡ
ҶЩһۣͷۿݽҪͲڣæĶԲá
ԣ׷״㵲ѣֻҶѵеЩô
ʲôģܲ˵׵㡣
ҿǵĹˡԪһ˿м
Ҷ˵һ壬ʱ䣬ôҲûпˣǿܣǣУ˵Ӱô˵ҾҲеɣԴŵĿˣô̬ȣ
㲻Ҫ˵λˣӦͬķģ΢΢е㲻ĵҶһۡ
ôҶЦһ˷һˤ֭ɢЩжʱʮֳ棬ɫ͸һ·϶ʱð̣͡Ǿ綾֮
ñɫңһ뵽ղҪҶֹЩпܾͽ뵽ˣʱһļƤ
ŷɫ΢תȴ¶һ˿ЦһҪ
ԪһޣȥϾȻ׾͵ˣл޻ֻˢһӾӦ˷ƣȥˮɵһƬ
Ҷδ˹֮£һǰȴϽһ¿㡢һʰʪתһŻ£鲼ֳֹ棬æӵ˵ϡ
ģ֮ŷͻȻһȣҶһæˣ۽⵽һѩԼԭأƱһ˫֮ϡ
ͻȻǰ׹һŷѷϵ뷢ǵ˶һ
ɾʱľꡯһ죬̶׷£Ҷ̧ͷȥŷڼУͻȻ죬ɫأǿյģСˡ
䣬͸ҶȻб׷׻˷ɨЩµĺ׷׻˿
ľ飬Ӱײǽϣһǽײһ󶴣ǶӰֻһ㼴
ҶδţкȻ֮ѩʵʲôˣûȴʹʽ˵У
Ȼ٣ѩ뱱Ҳ׹֮ڵأԣ㿪ڵЩ˶壬Ҳǰеһ壬ղõľ֮
壿Ҷɻôû˵
ⲻ֣ȻҲǰ֮һǵȴǼ٣ٻڴ½߶˳һЩһ˸֪Ĵڡѩ˵һԣһ߿ųмˣһҶ˵
Ҷûȫͻа׹һ˹ŷơ
ŷƴһܣ̤е⣬һ죬ڽڴϣŷ˫ֱֱذߣټᾹһ£ﴫһҺߣһӰԾ磬ɱȥ
Ҷ׷ѩסҡͷ׷ˣЩһıûУ·ıȴʵһУԶ׽ǵġ


428 ľԱ
⻰Ҷֻõ£ͻŷһ㣬Ѫ˱ǣʱֻһѪģʬ壬ʬ֮ϣһ۴Ӷ
ղйŷƵˣȻܵһһȴڹŷƵС
Ԫһۣ̲סŭЩĻ쵰ô֣Ҷӣ֪ԭô
ҶҲɻϸʣŷѵ·Ͽ鷳ˣˣʽĺܣȻǶˣﶼСĵɡ
˵ԣﶼֻҶµЩʲô˹ŷһۣźѩôһ壬ܷϸ˵һ£ԺˣҲӦԡ
ѩ΢΢üͷһᣬŵ˵ҶҲô˽⣬ֻ֪ǵʽǵһЩͬΪǿԪػǻſˮ𡢶ܵľܣҲ϶ûʱ˷ʤ
ϻ壿Ҷ΢΢һͻУеСģﻹһˣһ꣬һߣӿգԼһһ˾
ҪתֱѩҶǲһһǰһţϡ
ӳʹ֣Ʋֻһӱأϼȣ΢̶ʹ̣ϰعһײݽǵľƸϡ
δŹŷƣ˻ʡǿߡк䣬ѪȪӿйð˳ͻȻתͷҶ΢΢еɻĶ˫ηҵġ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷҲв⣬ղ֮־ٶȫΪϵСͻȻʾҪȻҲɷﻹһˣֻ̾ǸֻĿˣΪҲ˵
ʹתۣŷֳֳѪ˳Žе䣬ɲЦǹŷưɣڵΪɱҲ㱾£Ǵǰˣһ꣬ϷɫңͷһᣬѶ
һĴ쿴һᣬ޵ˣڵʬ͵طˣѰһЩԵĶҹ
ù򶫣ֱӳ˳ǣ;˶ɫ䵭һԲǲǰ滹ĪΣڵǣҶ룬ӦöףЩ˿ܼŹŷġ
˶ûгڵƣһǱ뺬ѩΣǲ뿪ŷƵģԪڹŷƵİƣҿڣҶȻûЩ˼
ʱѾɱһˣЩŭԼԼһ뿪»ӵΣգ˶Ըղų֣Щڣʱ֮£֣ʵڱԣ뵽Ҳ޿κˡ
ʱйǲܴˣ
˳ǣҹʱ֣ѰһѨ
ŷãͻȻڵӦǳģ˭ȥҾ⻰һ꣬۾
ԣ˶΢΢һԪ֪ģ壬飬ʱ˿̾ȥġ
ѩһۣһģ˵⻰еġ
ԪЦС⻰ζЩԪʱ֮£
ˣҪˣȻԸȥһԺг̰ɣҶͻȻϵŷƣܷ˵£ЩΪʲôҪɱ㡣
ŷۣҶһ۲ű׻ҵĹϴδѩĹУɱ׻ҵЩȻʲôֵġ
ԭ׻ҵˣһΪ챪ˡҶҡҡͷЦ⵹ã챪û׻ҵ˵ˣȻ֪˽ΪλҪɱأһ˿Ҳа
ŷƲ˼ѿڱЩɫޱȣʱŶŹɱ񲻺ˣǵĺ̨ٿʮ£ҹŷҲš
ʲôɱǾͽΪɣùŷƵһﾪĿɿڴ
˵ǣҲ˵ǡŷվ۷ڱԶԶʣл΢΢һӳһڶڵӰͻȻ䣬͸һĪϢϢһ˿ĳ⣬˴ѡ
Ҷ벻ʹﵽʾ֮ӣΪʲôҲɢϢֵҲʲô˵²ɡ
ŷͻȻ¶Ϣֻб΢΢ü֪Ϊ¶һ㣬ͻȻŷȥַļϡ
Լͷȥҡͷ
ŷƲһЦĵС׳գ㵱һȥôҲûôɵĺˡںڰݵ֣ס
⻰˵ĪѩҲǵɴ۾֪ٴʲôա
ҪѯʣԼǰӰһףæ˷ֻǵӰ󣬷סһþһ˼ӽ㿳һҽУǿþȻӦϣڵʱѻѪܵʬ壬棬֫Ť֮ɫ
ҶоӤʾֻþеɣӳһ뾪ˣ˭֪ȻһһˣҲĿɿڴ
Ȼ죬ʣµЩ˱Ҷδ֪ı쾪ţתӵԶˡ
ŷҲԾ΢΢еɻĿҶôǵģҪ뷢˵٣Ҳýȫһ㣬пֱܷҾһߣͬȾ磬Ҳû˿취ղžԵӣ΢΢֮£ȻҵһǱߣҲûв
Ҷһ̶֮ΣҳߵĲ֮˵һɺϣȻҲŵĹȥ˵ɺϣҶþ˵ԼҲе㲻ˡ
˷һΪܲܽӤ˵ɣ˵ɻҲֻ˸ĬԶԣҲʱ֪ΣЩ˴αһؽû֮ͨǰһʱ
ʱ޹⣬ʣ΢һʼţ»һִʲôʯС
ڴҹȥҲ޶ۼɫȷЩͶˣʰһҪ·ŷͻȻ˵ǿ֪ɱˣѧʣޱɱգᷢΣղŸտʼǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ԪڵվѿʵЩһ𣿡
ҶһˣҲùŷһˣν֣ҲӦ֪ɱˣء䲻⣬䲻ʵǾǱ֮ͬڵҲҪϲ١
δ䣬дһХӦ֤ҶǷĻӰٿȻ絭̣ȥ
Ԫ亹ųΪһҹЩˣЩһȻǱһҹǼɵҶŷڵʵǶѶˣԼǶʱ˵Ϣ״̬Ҫ
Щһ뿪ѰһɾյأˮԴѩ뱱ʰҶԪǸȥޣֻޣȴٵĿѰʮҲûҵһֻ޵ټ
ֻôżֻҰҰûⲻôﶼ΢΢ЩʧϾЩ޵Ѫⳤ꾭ϴӣζЩѪҰܱȵġ
Һúѩ뱱ȻǴС㣬տˮƽȴ˴̾һܻǻѪΣѩӨ͸ɫԻ⣬ҶҲǴʿˮѡ
ɾʱȻ䣬ӤףҶһСģһæԾˮԣûϢ䣬֮ͻͻͻĴ̽ʮ˳ǹ
ãˮҲˡҶһֻˮҲ̽ʮֱ֮ڡЩ˵ĹתҶ˶Ǵŭ
½ϵȫңȫԸˮеġһ꣬ŷƴһǰ߬סһǹˣʹһУһӲǱק棬Ƿſǹˡ
ŷǾҶ㲢ãߣһ߿Ѫ꣬ص˳ȥ
ʱŷ½ϵЩһ֣ˮҲǻ죬Ҷһ㣬һͷˮУһ߻˷ɫһܣһ滽콣ˮЩԼĵ⡣
ϣˮд÷𣬺ѩݡԪû֮ҲֻˮǸһˮĺˮУα˷涵㹳ܲˮ΢΢
ʱ˲ŻȻЩһǰ½Ϸ뽫ǱˮУ׽
뵽Ҳ֣ڵʵӵһˮ෺𣬺ˮûǲ
ҶˣЩˮҲ衣
ҶڹĹ꣬ϰ˺ڰʱˮҲܶϤ΢סȫϢƹһǱεЩߵĺ󷽡
ʱѩݡԪ֮УУˮĴһΣסǵֻʦ磬ʱȻ׽סǣʵԶǵķ£಻ԡ


429 Ĵ
Ҷͳǣ֮ߣͻȻɱ֣콣һһҪЩͻȻоһĴ̹ǣҪУˮڣݹð䣬Ѷ
ŻңҶ㣬϶;Ԫͳˮ棬Ȼٻסѩ뱱ݣǴڻΣҪϰ뵽ղһѺľɵ
ʱϰػһһ˼ԾˮȻָʵ˵ĬҶģ߶ͣȿŰɡȡ޺ˣִȡЩҩУ˫£ȫָʵ
ȵҶ׻ָʵһˮ棬ϵͻȻˮ춯ڣʱ׳Ҷ
ҶһһϰʹǷƮקסһߵ㣬֮Լǰ棬Щ׷䵽ϣһѪģߣֽС
ٳֳ콣ҽ΢̧һһնɱˡ
ʣһ߶ֳϵδ֣Ҷһչ֣ȻӶ콣ֵ֮֮նϣֽסϣҽвʱͻԣѪС
ҶΧԼȫɱתһƣȴѩݱʮΧԪҲʮ߲ѲŷƸ뼸ʮѪսС
ۼѩ뱱ǲ֧Ҷæɱ˹ȥʮľ룬ת۱鼱֮£콣עԡʮնӲһѪ·˺ѩ뱱ݵİΧ
Ҷļ룬ѩ뱱ݶʱ֮ǰѹ˵ķ˾ʹĳ뻯
ԵҲ̫࣬лһЩﵽļһЩҶһɱֻרСű֣콣ȥǣˡĹᴩСȣʹ֮ж㡣
ЩҲǿӲҽУҲתְγһȳһˣսԺ죬˺ѩһǷ棬۷ڣʱΪһҡ
ҶҲû뵽ѩѾͷȻԼϵôãһף콣һӣһǹ
תȥһӰɭ֣㱼ӡ
ߣҶһ͵̤һ߾ȻȣŤʣǵӰֻӿһƣ֨ϸ죬һƣֻѪ˿ɢȻһѪ˵ϡ
ɱһ˺ȴܲʱðߣȥԭľǱ͵ϮǾ޽ų˶࣬Χһֻһ󣬺̲ϱʬ壬Щֶģ䲻ȴʧж֮ܡ
һʱ䣬ʮڵмʱʱҪɱҶǲܣæ֮󼪣߼һܣǻҳɣܵĶˣֻһЩ˲еߣ׷ں̲ϰ
ҶܣҲ棬һս˭ʤף֪һʽ½߲ͬǳƳ硰һУˡսҲ˵򲻹ܡ
ΪЩ˵벻ֻ֪ҪЩͻٴɱ
߶ߣԪѪӽĿ¶׹ĶڵϵЩ˲ߣһ˸ǲһ⡣
Ҷ΢΢һۣҲãĴȱδԺҲҪϡ̾˿Ҳһۣȡ޺ˣںҩٴλָԪ
ŷһѪʣͻȻЩ޴ɣٽ
һѪսѩɫ΢΢Щ԰ףһĻƸ磬ʲô
ŷƵ½ϲΣЩأľ洦壬һľ˳ˮУճ䲻֮Ч
⻰ĬĬ˵ͷѰ˼Ǹˮ·ֻҪԸǱˮߣЩľݵҲͲùˡ
ŷƿʮôȥ֦ѾƿƤľã˳ˮ£Ȼ°빦Ҷʱ֪Σ۽һʱ
һʼţ»һִˮڴȥҲ޶ȷ·еͨϢ
˳ˮʮŷͻȻҪСˣΣҪˣǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
Ԫڵվˮɨѿʵе𣿡
ŷҡҡͷڻûУӦúܿ죬Ǿͻˣһ·ôƽЩˮ߶û׷ɱǣǵõָʾǳˣиǿǰˡ
ͷӦһҹ·ûжٺ۵ʱŮƣĿ¿ǰ;޾ʤã
ԪĿҶȥԾҶӴô죿
ŷƵЦ
ҶЦôߣôôɱһһ
ݰһɱˣǽ֡־ӵ˼Ҫǵò䷳ƣʱ򣬾ͳ־ɱ
Ҷüѩȴǰˮ·˰Σؽеˣǰ治Զиٲ˳ˮߣҪȥˡ
⻰˾ͷһݡ
ӦþǾ֮ˣЩ֮Բ׷ɱǣ֪иٲҲӲȥõĺá
Щͷﲻ˵ȴǲ֪¶ü۽ǣӿ
ʱҶһվɨһۣЦЦ˵ˣ˾һʲôµģҪ֪֮·٣֮·˸־գֻǼɱ֣û֮ʱôˣ
ԪɫǰɱǵǳǿߣҪԿ¾ǿˣ˼һжûסǲŽ˾ˡ
ŷͻȻ䶢Ԫһ۵ΪڵǿǴ·ôоڵǿߣҲᳬҪȻÿδӵľ;Բǿˣҹܲˣҹŷȴ޾֣ǿ֣߳ƴһҲǵ£ӳȥġ
˵ǰͻȻ䡱ˮǵٲڴˡ
ŷƴĿҶһۣط̤ˮȥ˭Ըҵģɣ
ݴȥ磬ȵҡ
ѩҶһۣҲ㣬Ҳȥ
ҶԪЦȥǲȥأһ꣬βźѩ˰
Ԫͷ֪Щʲô粻˰ΣҶǵӰѿҪʧźݺһŽţҲ˰
ɾԪˣű˶ʮԶʱȻӺӵйһī磬˲佫ʮɵˮͬԪ˰׻ı
ϰݵһҶ˺ݺݵȥ
Ҷ˶ʱˣ
ãˣбϵߣǴﵽʾ磡ŷƴһȫͻȻɢҵȣйҶϵĺ漯۵һ𽣺ӥ֮Ȼӭǵı
ȻУдһƺߣŷҲͬʱԷʮಽ
˱еһۣйҶǺһУԪƺһƱƮ˳ʮ֮⡣
󣬹ŷƲŶޱȵͳĵһλϣȻ棬֣ѵͲ˳Цô
ٺ٣пûţʹﵽʾ磬һ֣˭Ʒǡһ˿ɫӱд
ͣڱֳһһŮΡ
еİСݣһ飬Ůķȹɱ
ŮкãֻʳڵΪĿߣʶľ硣
ôǿҲΧ̫СҶĳ˰ɣŷ⣬ˣȻ
ˣôܣϴ˵㽫׻ҵүһ峤ϸˣôִ᷸˵ɱ˺Ҳˣ챪ͬ£Уһ챪һǿߣ֪Ķһ㻹ûûȡʤͷЦ˵
ĸǿߣͷ仰Ҷһ
ĸոմӵԪ⻰һɫৡһ£Ѫɫ
һֱĹŷƣҲͬ΢¶΢΢֮̿ɫ
ҶһУﰵףڵĸֵĶƴԶԶʵһʮȴһжҲ΢΢ЩѶȡ
ϴιŷƾһܺõӣΪնɱǿߣ켼ȫʧôһڵˣָڼ䣬
Ҳֲʱɱǿߣһ¾ҪԼûʧǽڳвȫˡ
ڳڵĸֻˣǵİ£ŷƿ֮ʤܾˣڿˣʽȫͬˡ
˵Ҫȡʤ¾Ҳˣ
ΪһʼѪսԷȫȳһǿߣ׽ҶĳˣȻ֣ĶһնɱŷҲ׾¡
жףһʱ䣬΢΢Щˣ


430 챪
뷨δ䣬һ󼲷紵ӺӶ԰ɭзɳһӰҲ֪ֱ߶
Ȼ֪ǵӰǺЦ
ҶȴģĺܣֻǿǵӰƮתƣĹһÿôƮɶ
ҶԾǸʲôôڿзһתۼ䣬һȻѿڵڷɣȫûнľôܣ
ίʵ̫ˣҶƵôҲҳòŲѩ⡢ǿߣ˵ֻǿ߲շУɱõųֱ̬ô
ѩüͷЦǰӰŲʲôǿߣȻշеİϷһߵһƼ붼ţ֪ԭɣ㲻Ϊˡ
Ҷһǿߣ˿ҲЩ˾ȻǿߣôܷУ
ѩϴѩĹûƸߵĸôֻ磬ҲԽĻж̾ķУӰܹ֮УҲΪĶɡ
ԭƾһܣ˶ԵУҲǴսˡҶʱ˿̲֪ȻЩĽּ
ʱǵӰȻӽ˷ѩһ͸ķòȴͲ󣬿Ƿɴ˱Բ¼챪͡
Ϊʾģǰڼ塢ʲôݣǸصĶ
˹ŷһۣһ٣ü¶һ˿⣬֣ĲΪУκμҲѶΪ֮ˡ
ҶԾŷʶ
ŷƿˣҲ΢΢һű̾챪Ĵ䲻Ƿ˼ˣȴǧ˿ƵĸϵټСӣעվڷ˼һˣΪյҵĶԹͲҪˡ
ҶǵĶԻȻŷԺŲٵĶԹȴȻԸ֣üѩǷ˼챪徿ʲôޣѵܻô
ѩҡͷ챪Թͳƺܻ⣬ôܵһûˣݼʷȻΪأǼʼ챪ͨҲսҡ챪ĸȴҷֵͨڷĸ֣֮ټۻѪѪβܻ⣿
Ҷ챪ˣɱΪ˱ô
ѩЦЦһ˿ɣȻԱҲܣʲôأСɫҽ¶Ҫˡ
˲˵ô໰Ǳߵ˼챪ٳٲ֣һɲɵģǸϿ춯ֵĺãҹζ࣬޶˱ʡһ꣬вһţҹɫ֮С
һĻҶֻǿߣһڰû뵱֣Էֱʣ˱ԲӦ䡣
䣬챪ߵŷǰͬΪ۹ϵҵȴҲվͽ֮ɣ֮⣬ŷƾֻһ뿪
չÿС
УͻȻ챪ȫȻˣҲ͸
ŷûгô˻ȥΪظо챪ˣȴȻϣһܵǿߣҲڵȴʱԷһ
챪ڿ˫붯в૵߶ʲô
һʱ䣬пһѺɫĺǹңңָŹŷƣʱڣ챪ѽԼΪȻ˶㡣
Ǳǹ˽λ˷ʱͷųɵĹâʱ׼ŷһ
ŷĿ챪֪ʱԼɱģһͻȻһŰɫ棬Σǻ棬ȻҲΪһԾ޴Ļ
ŷйҶǰָ֪ûоʤǰǿߣ᲻֮ս
ɷģΪ챪Ĵһġ챪ȻһЦǹַɳǹͷ̼˹ŷƵǰ
󱳺һչشȻŷƳȥ
ŷҲǲҴ⣬ϾͬΪǱٽܣ֪ǱûһǼ֮аݣйҶٹͷһ˫۾ĶǱǹ
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챪ŷƵսҶҪסֻԼǰͻȻһâƾճˣʸ֡
ͷ˫ݣǸܷСӣ
û뵽һΪôµأŮĿתҶ˵Ļȴ纮
Ҷһ˳֣ͽᵽ˺˺΢΢ʾ⺬ѩˣȻ̾˿Цλ̧̫СˣĶޱȣǧ򻯣Сܿ͸ģҪ˷ǵĶδ֮ʱ¾жԶܶԶˣôܻɵɵվ
ͷкһȴ¶һ˿˵ҲǣһĶھ£ܿƵģһҲƭϷ򰡡˵̧һѪܵͷڵϡ
Ҷͷһ⾹ȻһϴӻȥߣϼһﻹĺȻԼҲ˶֡һʱ䣬ת֮ơ
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˵Ҳǣڻδ£ͷǻһֻеһҶ
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һȻҶӳǵâַΧ
ףС죿ͷȳȴվԭûж
еҶҲ˼ô࣬ɸܳʮףֻǰͻȻǸڵŮӣЦЦŵǽеĳ·ˡ
ڵǿ߶ԸңǿСүҶпЦԸŷƶֻһˣԸôһļһǿ߾Ȼ֣˻쵰޳ܣ
СһԣҪ㶯һֽţŮЦҶһ˹
ߣʲô㣬Ǹ̫ţȻ˵˼ҵĽ㣬Ƕģѩ΢΢ߣֹ
ѩ⻰һڣҶ֪²ȻŮӽŲһͣʼһ˲˲źѩ
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СѾͷŮӵһ˿Թһҫ⣬ݺѩ
һɱĹƣѩСҲǺȻʧɫɫż䣬æҵĽˣͻȻƺʲôһ⣬ǡùŮĳޡ
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Ҷ⻰Ǹҳϣڿǿ߶д࣬ȴǹɻҡͷʲô֣ôס
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ҶһĻѩͻȻһҵĽ뵽һֱԼҶȥˣͻȻоȻĪͷ
뵽Ѫϳ壬˱ǣԼ䣬еСɫ
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ʱŮӺ˫ִʹ类ƣɫһ䣬̧ѩĿһŮӼͷ΢΢һʹ
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ѩãŤ£Ҫʡ


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ŮЦһƫҪĥ㣬ͷʰСӣԻģߣʶģ裬ԣļ
ٺ٣ˣ˶ҪɱϷҲˣеǸͷһ֣סԪĲӣȵ¡ԪӦ򵹣ֱ
ͷ˫أԪʹ໲ҽУͷЦģϷỹɱ㣬㿴Ϸ󣬲·Ԫʹ̣ͷ˵һ䣬ҽһֹס
ͷȴȫȻǰСƽʱڵıȶлǿʱڵĹʮвӲǱƵĽڽںˡ
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ʵҲֲҶ뷨Ϊ䲻֮еһˣʱٴڸֵ׷ʹ򣬿ҲԻԼթû˷лܻܱסС
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˵ŷһͷǷħݣһֱûԵΣһỽħݳɡ
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Ҷ΢΢üݸ˵ЦˣСôʶĶɰˡ
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ͷﵽʾ磬а꣬쾹Ȼĵܾһ֣֮һַ̣˻ԽãоԽɲ֪ЩʱԽԽ硣
壬·һ󱯷һƬͷǰʶ棬ֽ콣סһӣҶСۣʱҶǿ飬뻤һС۶ϣ콣֣Ҳ׷˳ȥ
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433 ħΧ
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ȫѩ׶Ƥëһ˿ɫ֫ǿУرǶǰһֻĶǣ񿥲
ƥûб˩סͷ߰վǣҰԣʱشǣвЩҪǡ
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ʱΧ۵ȺһɧҶ򷹹ݵſȥʱô˴
ֻһźɫƤףúɫĸŮ˳һͷɫͷòޣû֮òϵһӢȴγص
ŮˣߵܳΪǵĽ㡣
ҶѸ´λŮĿնƤ׹յļͦм䣬оһǿҵĻԵ
Ҷ֪ܶߣһЩʯ֮ĶԪ֮еıΣеǶ·ϡ
ŮӦǸϵߣΪ͡
Ů飬Ķһǰʮ㣬ʲôˣʲô
ŮȻǶԱעӵĿ⣬Ѿϰˣûа˿Ȼŭı飬ҪʱȻؿһˣָһ㡣
ŮһȺɨһȦ֮ͣҶϡ
ֱϵоĳСɵġ
Ҷı飬ȻŮУͳ֮࣬ŮһϵâһɱҶ
Ҷӳ˼оѹŮŭ񣬻֪ԼǳЦЦ
벻֪Ц⣬ŮУҲЦŮȥѵҶղĸоֲ֤ɵģó˵񣬵Ҷһۺ󣬱㷭ΪһƣգʧǵС
ҶӣڻһĪأ
㲻Լö˶˵ģôˡ
ȴˣڵʶΪڷ䣬ԶͬиӵһЩĹܣʵʰʶõĹ
ոעŮؿڵϣʶľʶ֮̽һŮظ˸ĸо
߳СҶŵ磬һ߸·һƬϢ
ԼһСʱҶǰһƬɭֱ֣ӴƬɭ֣ôһСʱ󣬱ɵѪڵˡ
·ߣôҪСʱܴﵽ
ȻֱӴɭָ죬󲿷ˣ·ߣΪƬɭڶ࣬۹е޾ۼأΣ̫ˡ
ҶֻԥһᣬֱӴԽɭ֣ƬɭеޣӦõȼߣƾʵ򲻹ܲ
֮󣬱һ·񱼣ȻʵǿޣûһֻϼֻȽͶֿɿڵĵͽޣҶ˳ֱ㽫Ұζտ
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ûãҶ㿴ʮֻѪģħʬ壬ɢΧľǵһƬ
ħҲһַϵޣٶȺܿ죬һʩŷУȺޡ
ģСħޣҲмʮͷħȺǧͷ
Ȼħֻǵͼޣڶ࣬ڹϣһǣжԶܶԶ
һħȺΧǾรɡ
ʱҶԶд򶷵ħǵХӰһǱ߱ȥ
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ҿѵƬħǶ𣿡ҶһƬƬѹѹȺզ࣬Թһ£ǧͷ
ҶΧʱһ£֮ǰڳжмһˣеŮ
ʱǱɫƤףദմѪҲ֪ԼģħǵģΧѵһȦħˡ
İɫĵվҲ˺ˡ
Ҷ̽ͷʱȺͣ˹ضֻ
ŮϢųųеĹâ֡


434 
ҶɨȺע⵽Ⱥ룬һͷѪɫëɫĴǣñһħҪߴܶ࣬
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˹ģȺһʣҲóԲˣ߰ɡ
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ۺһԼʵ֮ʻûôı£һԼҲħǵĹ֮У
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ҶΪСڽӵʱͻȻðһ⣬γһ֣ͶڣʱʧΡ
İĿȫѱˮ͸ǵһδԽƬɭˣǰҲħȺȴûϹģڵȺ
Ļ֮ѿʼ˥ˣϵŻҲŲ˶ˡ
˹ħȺЩˣ֪ٹãԼİĶܿᱻЩħȺ˺÷飬Ϊǵʳͷʣ
Ҳʲô飬ͻȻǿһȣ֮ϣɫâһ£һ棬Ĵ߶£Ȼ
γһֻѪӡ״ƣ˲佫ʮֻħץУħǣȴӷ
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ѪӡѪˣҶһѪҶϼǻԵȻûȥѪһ·ѾֹһѪˡ
ϴһ֮оѪӿȴһʣûڶԷС
Ѫĵ򣬾ôѪڣЩ
ѪǶ۹ǿȨ塣
һֱؽΪΣѪˣ͵Ѫӡ־ѧѪ֮һѪӡһŮѧļܣһֿӡѧļܡ
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ҶŨüŮĻ֮ԽԽ΢Щ̣ôһȺħǣʲô취أ
Ҷ̾һҪתȥȻ֪ŮѪʲôϵҲԸ⿴ǰ档
ЩħǣҶΧסҲľ棬ܲΪ˾ˣԼСҪ˰ɡ
ʱҶͻȻ֣Ⱥ룬Ȼһ޴ľӣȺǸŮƺΪǸľӣչս
ҪȥҶ˿ǸԼԶӣӹһ󵨵뷨ȻǳľģԼȺѪСˣо
Ҷһ¾룬߷ְգЩȺΧʱǸľŪ֡
ۿŮҪŲסˣҶԥ֣˵ȰӳڿµӰ
ʱͷƺѲϮŭķѪɫķУǸľҶ
Ҷ׼һܣ˲ǰǼ͵ķס˷С
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ۿԼҪǸŮĺ󳾣ȺΧ֮УҶ鼱֮䣬óԼôóʶʵʰʶ֮ɢ˲佫еħǣŪסˡ
ôҶ֪Ҳܵ飬ȻҧһֲǸľӣ֮ڼϣֺȥ
˱ʣŮȺͣ㶼ŭĿ¶Ѫ׹⣬Ҷ׷ȥ
Ůǿ֮ĩȺɢ󣬱˹ȥ֮ǰԼһͦεıӰ
ҶľӣԽԽ죬ҲԽԽԶã㳹װȺΧɱ
һеɽ֮󣬲ŽϵľӷԿľӣǷľϣʣˬˡ
Ҷϸһ֮žȵķ֣ľӣľƳɵġ
ľӣҲ̫ݻ˰ɣǮҲӻҶֱֹȻĽľһ
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һϲΪԼ⣬õ˱ľװĶǼֵơ
ǵӣ״֮󣬳ǰһĻȴסˣԭ棬ʲôҲûװֻһ޴͸ˮ
޴͸ˮڲȻһˡ
˵еˮˣҶˮ棬žˣȴһɴסŮһ󷢴ôҲû뵽棬Ȼװһˡ
ҿˮ˯Ůʸţо
Ҷ뽫ˮˣŮŪȴôŪˮ
ȻģˮŮ˵ĳʵ̫ˡ
ҶϸûнˮƿĿܣʱҶŷˮ棬в֪ڲţҶʶ֮ȴƽⲻˡ
Ҷſˮ棬ǾŮ
ôܰˮ鿪أҶ˼ţŮ֪ӿΪŮϵѪϢȻѪӿʮƣѵŮѪӿʲôϵɡ
ԾأҶϴӪӿΣɽ
Ҷ٣ʲôȻֱƿˮֻҪ㽫ǹˣˮͲôͻȻҶ
ôԣҶȴǰһԴղֻôӲƿˮ˼άǣһʱû뵽
뵽Ҷ˷Ĭ˹ȫַˮ棬ȻоϣۼˮҲɶļ
һʱᣬƺҲˮ
ڣҶȱľʱ䡣
֮ˮŬ£ʧˡ
ͬʱҲоԼ棬һɷǳˬ
ڣҶûʱصǾ۾񣬶űԼʯ̨ϵǸ˯Ů
ʱҲܡ
ãҶ̲סֲϵɴʱ˶ʱĿɿڴ


435 ø
ҵϾʶ˵Ůɽ̬Өѩֳŵ֮ļһ֮žӣѹЩħǣҪΪ
Ҷһֻںڵķʣѩ׵ļʸν⣬˹ĹǸŮ֮⣬ҴδôƯ˵Ůˡ
ҶͷƵţȴûȳ޿ɱϣҵκƻȱİС覯Rе͸ŵѣ˹ޡ
̾Ƿ壿ῴˣ
Ҷתˣ˿ɴûӵкɫˣ
żˣӵеĶɫ˵ˮ˯ŮȻʲôˣʱεʵ̫ˣһʱ¸ˣףΪɫôѿ
ҶԼӣ˼Ϊϴܵ˻ûлָˮ̫˰ɣ
иҶ˸ɫȴԭˣ
ҶĬվȥƣûʲôˡȺ׷룬ûа취Ūɣ
ǻ᲻֪һȥΪѣæҶļͷͬʱʶ̽ĵ֮С
ߵǾ˶аɵľ룬ŵǳףǰս֮ɫҲзڣھɫȥ
ҶͷŮ˲аţҲаŵúܣ¼䣬ж֣ѵΪѳԽ֮ǲܵġ
ЦһΪ뾭飬һֲۼǿߣأǣЩΪֲۼϹӵеͨԶҲġ
Ҷʧǰۼǿ߶𣿡
ûϹﶯ֣оǷ˸Ů𣿰ôŮһ˶ԣֻ¼ʹĸԸġ
ҶݺݶæղħǣӦ˵ʹˣȻʹôħǣӦòǸ򵥵ˣʹС椣һʵҲǿѵľˣҲ֪һǺˡ
ҶüΪʲôΪŮأ
ҡͷʾ֪վҶߣǹұеľĸоջˮ¾⼶ģң䣬˿ɱȵϾŮ𣿡
ҶҡͷʾδͬΨһѡȷΪϲߣףΪɫԽԽˡ
һ㵣ʱʧãҲŮĵ
δ䣬ɲǼ䣬ȻӶϮҶϡ
ԼʺȻͬʱ׷ɣײʮôֱҵһʯ֮ϣʼأһţ۶ڱȫѪϾ
ʱ˯ѵѪζȴ㻺ƮȻС
ſ¶һԾաںɹӡ
ѪζתŵزҶһۣ̾һ
ҪҶȥʱƿ֮һ죬˴һŰţƮȻ
·壬Ҳ۹ϵΪڣ֮Ĳš
ˣ͸ֱͦȳƣòӢͷϵʴȴ磬ԵĲɷ¼汸
ҡȣ˵βȺ硣
ʱ𾪵ɫһ˲˲ѪζĶ˱Ӱһ㶼֪ҶĴڡ
ѪζֹͣƽҶͼ̾ҷûϧ֮ģֻ̫֪ȻƵҵıػԣ˭ҵıػȡ˵޾Ȫ㼴ܺҰɣ
Ķ·ְֻ
Ѫζһ̬ת·ԡ
·ȫ𣬾˵˫Ŀŵļɫ
Թߣؿɴ۾¼侹ˡ仰
ѪζĵƳһۣڡ
·ʱð֮ģһÿ·
Ѫζ˶·ǰͣȥħǣ״̬ҶҺúǣ𣿡
·ʱһ𾪵ĲգɢȻ㣬ѪζĻλð߽ǡ
Ѫζɨһۣһ̾úðǣº󣬿Ѫңһ㱨ģ
⻰˵ú޵ջ
·֪˵ʲôźʱӰһѪζƮ⣬û֮С
·һæһ
Ѫζʧ١
·ȻضУѪζղŵУҲ룬һɽʯ֮ϣֻһõľԵǳһƹɽʯڶʱ̮
·峯ŶڵʯڣƣֱʯɽסʱûУѪζķ򣬸ȥ
ɴ˿ɽ֮У˿Ĺ۲죬ɷҶ壬ʱڷı仯һʱȵ÷̣һʱѩһʧȥʬ塣
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ʵϣҶһֱѣֻǷʶˡ
ѪζĹϮ֮ʱΪԼСѱԴѵĸоֱӱͷ
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Цⶴвһˣ˵иջأ
ˣڣ󲿷ˣԾ£ĴŲ飬Ե൱
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ĸ꣬ûκζǵλߣ֮ʵӦҲϵҶɽ֮⡣
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һ˵ֻҪڶڵʯߣؿɵ֪зʲô飬ֺαز²ȥ
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ȴƫƫһ𣬾Ϊأ
١һЦȤأѪأѪɱɻΪھ˸仢룬¿кϷˣ
һ˲˼ȷΪ֮ԶʲôĿأ


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ɽ֮еҶһµǳѪ֮Զġ
ʱʾԲڣӰ
һ̾пȥܱ˵£ѪСɡ䡯ϢѶϢ޲嶯۹Ĵӣ;׷أ䵱ǻ֮ˣĪԵǸǵá
ĵдԣκˣֻҪ֮ƽʮ깦ʱɳΪѪĳΪѪԺִߣ˻Եֻ˭Ҳ
Ҷͬʱɫ䡣
ЩԣҶг䵱⻤֮ˣ䣬ֲ֮ѪζѺĵһ飬ҪɱԼˡ
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ʱһȽϵͳǵ̸·ˣͻ˽ȵˣ
һˣϾɽ֮зʲô飬תԶȥ
Щȥá
ֻ飡һ
ڶڵʯֱӱһǿƿӰƶ䵽һյϡ
Ҷϵɳʯüģ˵ģϴһ£ż·
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һ·ϣȻΪ䡱֮£꣬ҶıܿЩˡ
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Ҷǵʱ΢⡣
棬ʿǷʲô˲õ顣
Ҷʱվһ֮Уͣ˸ֻ޳ڶһյϣмӵ
޳ǧһƽʱ򣬶ѵһ
Ҷ֮󣬷ֳеˣ࣬ɻ󣬱㳶סһˣʵΪʲô٣
˿Ҷһ˷Σ˵ֻʱǻմ䣬Ҷæý
Ҷʲôմ䣿
΢΢ü㲻֪ô
ҶپãȻʲô䣬ȷʵǲ֪˵Ҳδ˵ʲôմ䡣
ȴԱһ˿ڽ͵⻻մ䣬˼壬ƾµĴ䡣
ҶƶǶѯʣԶ޴֮һʮ죬һһʱһͻȻڳϿѪ䣬ȫ֮ˣѪ㳡ϡ
Ҷһۣĵһĳ֮أ֣ش䣬Ҵһ֮ͨǰȥ˵ǳ¶ˣˡ
ţװͿҲҶԻλͬ飬תߡ
ҶȻһЦҲû⣬βںֱѪ㳡ȥ
ѪĻմ䣬ΪѪδŮҶȻȱϯ
һգѪΪֵʱ̣۹ССٶأٹ⣬»ûĸй
ѪڣѪɱÿһѪ˵ӣ϶ǽ֮ɫһܣ˷ܲѡ
ŵξʯͷһſ˶ҹҫɢŲӫ⡣
ǽ֮ϣǵ·Уɹɵ޵ȻһּΪĽơ
Ѫɱ򽫻մĵطѡҲѡڵ۶֮УȻҲһ˼У漰µл⣬Ȼڵ۶ھĴᡣ
˿֮ڣڸɣʵС
ҶȺһȺվ
ʱһ죬˵ϡ䣬
ʱֻһߣվһ룬󤣬ޣ˾֮󡣡ȴԶټĿҲ֮졣
գһߣҲվ͵ߡ
䣬ȴұһ߽ӿڵӡߣ֮
мһͷ΢΢һЦ͵֮仯ߵʢ
Ҷ֣һ꣬ɻιЩͷʲô
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˵գʤȻ
ҶȻʡ޹ʲʫ䣬Ī뱣ˣԭ۹巽
巽˵۹ȵ
ȵۼݱΨٵ٣ױ˲ٿأֱֳҼ飬巽Ȩе۹
巽ȥҸ嵨ȻϣҲԿΪΣ˭ܻ٣Σңһɱ⡣
ǣÿһĳǸıλȨĴȻңһͳ۹
ָмǸߵλǡֺԱػԾӡ巽ݣһһҶ֪巽УѪɱߺֺ֮⣬йԪ
˵ֻۣ꣬ػءΪ֮մʫҲ֮β
ǺǣѪĴϡԶҳΪ֮ͷλǰڴ˶лˡʱһЦӴ֮⴫ȴһƣ˲Ŀ
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ڵУȴͫһ
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ϲԶΪ֮۹ۼǿ֮Уһλߡ˶Ļ֪֮ѪƴȻ鷳˿һֵͬء
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常Ȼ֪ܷƻ񵤳ĶԱ֤Բǿڳ֮ˣȻڣȻŰգһԣĹĿһ˿ɫҶһۣӣΪ顣
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ֺľȺ󣬻عЦѣ˿̳ԣն񣬳뿴һԼǰ
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ҩζкζӦƵһöû뵽Ůһξܳɹѹʸ񣬳Ϊһʦˡ
ѪһУ˲żüãĽһ۷׷ס
ȻƬ̺ǻɿˣŶ¯֮һŮӣϲɫ˳ʩƳɹү
˵꣬չ֣һֻУУ򿪵һöںڷĵҩһɵĺʱлɢ
ţдϣҩûɫԶͷо֮ɫǲ⣬ŮӦûΪһҵӡ
ܱһۼǿΪҵӣˣԴġ
ȻŮԣ¶˷֮ɫڴ˿̣һɸӾҵͻȻ
Ҫˣ
˭
һξƳɹ˴βμӿ˵ģǲľ֮ŶȻǸȡ裬֪Ҫƻ񵤵СӣȻС
ɹˣǶƷ䡪ضݷӰһһ꣬һֳ֮߳һֻУݵضݷƳɹүĿ
Ѫɱ붨Զ˶һۣԷ۵Ƿ֮ɫ֮ԣδʽ⼸ϵˣѾΪѪ˴ӡ
Ͼκһߣǰż
ٹƬ̣ȴǵ˶·֮ʱ
ֻڻ֮ڣʱͺȣײ֮ͬʱһԽǿҵҲǻɢ
ɣŶ·Ȼһȣǻ֮ڣһ죬ɫ΢Ϊʧ֮ʱһ֮˲䴫
ɣɷû뵽Ȼ˳
ǶҵˣˣȻѰ֮
ѪӴһɶʦѾȷ֮¡
֮ԶڷΪֱУ⣬֮ڣһУĵط
·оͶĽвֵ֮ɫȴһ費ģݵڵأ˫ֽһĺɫٹͷɹþ齣һʹ֮˰ٷ֮ĹȣүĿ
ͬˮ׼ʦʹͬҩģвͬ
ͬǶһͽ׷һǿܹʦܹʹַʹ֮˰ٷ֮һʵһ֮ʦܴﵽ֮ʮҡ
·˿̶ķٷ֮ĹѾǼΪˡ
Զҵ֮Ȼͬ찡
ŻѾʣǸʦķܾӰٷ֮Ĺ
·壬ͣɾͣǰ;ǲԶҲ΢΢ͷĸй⣬ʾҵһߡ
ֹƬ̣Ǹ䵭ĺ꣬Ҳ˻𷿣ȴݲϣſƳ˳ƷʣȻЩǿǰ漸ȣظǲһﲻֹ
ȴκޱվס
󣡡ڴ˿̣֮ڣͻȻһ֮˲ĿĿֻڵĻ֮ڣ֮ϴ䷿棬ƣз漣֡
һԴ߹ϢҲǸ棬ɢ
ΣԳɣ
˵еķɷﵤȻ汻ˣ
ôܣŶͣƳ˵еƷҩ֮ţҲûпܣ
ŮܹƳƷҩ۹ʮŮֻҪĶˣ֮ڣһСڡСɣ۷׷ףĽη֮⡣
λλֺԼڤϣȴɫѪʵ̫ǿʢԺӣ¾͸ùˡ
ʦֹ˸ŮѾͷȻܹƳɷﵤνҩһⰡԶüЦڵĻ𷿣о֮ɫ˺󱲴γ岻ˡ
ѪɱϣҲ֮⣬ԿЦһԵʦܿȡЦңĶԴӽѪұ㽫СŮߣа̵˳ɾͣŬ
˵Ѫɱ֮УȴǾϲο֮⣬Ȩ֮ˣϣԼļ壬ܹԶȥѪɱҲ⡣
һѪѪѪĴУΪҪԼŮܵôŮศȻǼΪĵġ


440 
֮֮䣬漣˲һֻ͵֮·
գһִֻ͵֮һ漴ֱȥҲ֮أɢ
ȵȫʧ֮УٻӰһɫԲ԰ףƣ߳
ɷﵤڴˣүĿ˵䣬΢һöаȭͷСͨ岼Ƶĵҩ˰֮УʻţԵüΪ
ţɣʾ٭ʣöҩȴʹ£ãããѪɱ𣬻ּ䣬ѽԼߣǳ谮֮⣬վԼߡ
ϲѪɱմŮѪˣϲɺذֺĿ΢֮УȴЩ֮ɫ
ɫȴиǶɫݴţŮֻѪɱ֮ŮһѾߣһѾߣ˵ãǸһ¶Ѫɱ֮ŮӵкεȿֲǱ
ڤϣǸо󷢿࣬Ѫһ֮УۼǿߣʵѾǿκκţһУ˲żüãպǵӣҪüΪˡ
ϲѪɱܵôŮƳȵҩһڴСȨߣµӣǰݺء
ǺǣŮҪĥ£Ժ󻹵λˣѪɱֻ񣬶ֺ˵ҲһЦ֮Ͼദ˿飬ȻҲõȥ
˿̲μӲԵϵף󲿷֣Ѿ˿ˣбֽͻġ·ˣ˵ѾΪѪټ档
һ̣˵ȴһ֮ڣɫȴǲЩ죬뵽ǸСӣ˿ʧЩ˵̲ס¶ּڽ֮⡣
һԴֲ֪Сӣ
˵ӣҶϼǸУǰΪҶϼͷġǸѪɱ֮ŮŻԼǵ͵죬£ɵúúһ
ҵǰμӶԶ֮Ĵ䣬ѹϵ׵ĲԣҲˣ֪󸮵ŴȣʱʼϾҵȶһȨߣҪְ飬Ҫȥ
£һСɵȨߣڽܵʾ΢΢ͷ漴ͷ֮񡭡
˵֮ʱһ֮ϣģǳ֮ɫָȻԶ
ҵǰΪ󸮵ŴȹģСǲܵĻ񵤣ʵ˷ʱ䡣
ӿԴ󣬲֪νֱ˽֮ѪɽׯЦ
֮ҵȲԸΪֲܵٵȴȥ˽߰ɡ֮УڶߣǰЩߣֶּʣĽǳ޿κΡ
аζǾͲ˵ˣ˿̣ҵҶйڣЩаζ֮ˣﻹŹвҶϡ
һʱ䣬ˣҶڻ𷿣Ŀֶ˼ֱġ
⡭Ѫɱ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ɫЩãΧתһȦŵڼǰѾʧȥ֮һ֪󱲵֣ѵѪɱΪпƳȻչǸЦôЦЦʲô𣿡
Ѫɱԣ̾˿΢΢ͷֳ½ƣҶ뿪Ѫɽׯͽ˷̡
常Եȣ˴ϵ׵ĲܲԣʱΪޣʱʱޣаʱĶ常κοһƽľҴ˿Ǹƻ񵤵Ļ֮ڣظƳûг˿֮ˣΪΡ常ͻȻ֣ǿнϣ˼㱻ѪɽׯҲȻķ常˼ǰһӣ΢ɫȻЩҶڵĻ𷿣Ҳɫ
ƳƷɷﵤλһ㣬ѪɱϵŮѪеĵλҲѪζĻȻз
Ѫɱɫ䣬΢ͣ٣΢΢ͷһλٰ꣬˴οʱ䣬ȷʵδΪʾ֤ٶƬ̡
漴ɨҶڵĻһۣ̾ϢһȻҶ֮£вϣ
ڣ΢ɿ˺ȥĿȴǽǼ𷿣ûаתơ
ߣ֪ûпܣȴƫƫȥⲻ˷Ѵҵʱô֮ڵֺ״һ֮ɫ̲סһ
ˣѪɱԺҲϾһλۼǿߵľȥѪɱ֮ݣҲаɡ
ҲʱĿ񣬲תۼȻ˴ùͷ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥ
ʱתۼȹ
ǺǣӣȷʵֻΪȡȻ޷ƣֺαؿºڣͽЦҲѪ棬ʵǿɶ񰡡ʱȥʱ֮ڣѪˣ϶¶ָп벻м
ʱΨɵĵӣȴ˷ܵ˼㣬ҪǴӳۣʹѪڴ˴εϵ׿Уʧȥ˲ɫѪˣԺ󻹲Ųӿˣ
ĵУҲʱϾҪˣѵҿ㣿
ϴֻǡɣǷ֣
ʱڣڶĿߣѾ׷ſ۾Уǡ֪˽ɫżЦ֮ɫ
ʱһѪζ꣬Щ츳꣬оһ󳩿죬Ƴж˹дһ㣬ˬ˿ǰԵʧܣ֮ǰԼֶԸԽѪɽׯ
Ѫɱ΢΢ͷ¶ָ֮ɫˣô˵ҲҶϼǸĽֵܣҶϼǸȴϵŮ
ȻֻѾٳȥô˵ԼҲǵͷģκҶϼǸȴǸһû˵ˣעһƽӹͽκΡ
ҲգҶϼǸ׾ͷɣϾԼŮ㣬ǾԲܸһﹲһġ뵽Ѫɱһ̾˻֡
ǸЩ츳꣬ԴϲѪζ֪׮ԼԳ˽ģػࡢ٣Լøаɡ
ȥ׼Ŵȵɣ飬ͽֶˡԱϣˣתҶڻȥЦ
һʱ䣬ʱܹȥҧס촽Ǿǿ֮ɫǰգѡҶԼûп
ѪԼǰˣģʱ¶־⣬ε˲һλʿĶά㲻Ҫˣǵò
Ѫڷ߿ԣоΪĵ㣬вƮȻ֮⡣
ͻȻ䣬ִڵգƱЩ죬ԽӰֱȥ֮⡣
ͬʱһƮǰȻ˼ֲ֮⡣
ѪתҶڵĻ֮ϣͫױ̲סһǾ֮⣬ʧ⣬ôܣ
΢̣¶һ־ĶǵЦ⣬Ƶ磬ˣǲ˵ǰ㲻
ֻ˿̣Ҷڻ֮УһɢޱڵлϲϷƣ˿˿Ʈɢ
ޣҪƿնһ㣬г˲졣
鵤ޱڣʵǵɵԤףӡѾͷ֮ڵףֺɫأ֮⣬Ե
˿̣ȴǾ֮⣬ܹƻ񵤣˵ʲô
˵Ѫһֶһ޶̬վ۹֮ϣܹҶɳֹ۹ֻ½Ѫһϯ֮ء
ƻ񵤵ѪԸ½ϵһЩǼ
Ѫܵôӣʢڼ
֮ɫ˲üΪ֮еȭͷʱգʱɣУɫòѣ֪Щʲô
ڤϣ˿̸˺Ȼͣƻ񵤣Ҫ˵СС۹Ƿŵ½Ҳѵһġ
֮ΪξǳǹԪ϶һۣоǿɬ֮⡭
ڴ֮֮ǰ֮ˣ˿̿Ҷڻ𷿵ȻǾη֮⣬аǱ֪Լ֮ǰǰ񣬿¶Ȼ䲻ʲô³
Ͼһܹƻ񵤵ҩʦݣޱȸ߹ر⻹񵤼ʱλ±֮һۼǿߣҲǲضá
ѪɱһǳҶߣɫܹ࣬Եλֶͬؼʱ̣λҪκ춯Ҫ˭ƻ֮٣ݹѪɱˡ
ԶҲǳһ̣Ѫɱ棬ǿϲ֮⣬ǽеĻһֱۣӷһࡣ
ۼǿߵɢһǿƣƹҶڵĻ𷿣Ѫɽׯɽׯˣɫ䡣
һʱ䣬ҵ˲һա
ȵȴǽ˴ûаƶ


441 ֿ
ʱȥڣǹ㣬ԽŨ𷿣Ѿˡ
ڴ˿̣ͻ
ֻ֮䣬һֵߣͻȻʵʵۣɨ˵һۣһβû֮УûӰ
ͬʱϴӸϹ֮ڣЩĽ룬ߣµõ֣ɢϣʼƤһƬƬⰻȻƬȥ
ͻȻĳƤһãһֻİɫצɢĿĺâЩȥƤҲɿɢһһͨѪצСߣʵ
߸ߵ޻鵤Գɡ񵤣Ȼ汻Ƴˣȵ̣߳ѪɱĿ΢̲סʧ
ɫΪ΢΢졣
ܹһۼǿߣ۹Ķ֮ʧ̬˿Ĳ˺ֵز
Ȼߣ˿̣ǻ֮⣬ʣ˽һѪɫȻԴԴǻ¯֮ӿ롭ЩѪܵĲӿ룬¯һߣٴγһѪɫĻӰѪܵӿ룬ʵ
ѵ鵤죬Ҫһ¯컹񵤣Ѫɱ붨Զһۣͬʱ¶֮⡭
˵񵤣Ѿˣ컹񵤣ֻԶʱڣЩʥҩʦп顣
ֶͨĴ֮ʿ
ҶϼĽֵܣΪŲλʦ֮ɣ
ΪܹƱ컹񵤣ѵǴ˵ţ
ʦ֣˲Ҷϼٵܣϸ˵ȫѪûаͷϵȫȨѡԼȥģ¶֮¿¶Ȼɣᡣ
ԶͻȻ뵽һ£ɫɱЩСѪɱԵ
Ѫɱԣɫ΢䣬΢˼漴ЦʦܷģүԲлɳˣ˼ȻҶϼоɣôΪ״ӡƻ񵤵ұѪ䳤ϵְλʱǰΪҶϼǸݸ٣壬ҿΪҶϼǸ٣ϴ裬ܣӲıʣȻ޷Ҳ١ҾͲţֻҪǸ⣬ߣ
ҩ˵Ǳضվ½ϵ쳯ϵĴ˵࿹⣬Ҳ˵Ҫһѧڸ˭ҸұݣǱ֮գֲμڴ䣬Ӿҵˣ˭Ҿ˭
ԶԣݺݵͷһȻƽ͵У˿ȴðɱۼǿߵǿΪݺݵɨȥƻĸҶ
Ҷĵ㣬ЩһڴΪ飬Ϊȫ뷨ǿɲӣĳЩС˵Ķ֣˶ӵͷһʱ䣬׹֮ˣصľ档
ʱ仺ţһ˿Ѫܣ뵽֮ڣǵڶߣ˲ʵһǿҵƣӻ֮ڴ
ɣһ΢ӻ֮ڴֵߣ˲俪ʼϻΪһɢʧ֮һöɢŵâĵҩһ֮£û벻

Ũصĺ⣬ûκ֮ɫ񣬶۽ڴˡ
ʱһ֮ڣâһһͦεӰ滺߳
ҶɫԲ԰ףǣкգüۼ䣬ƣ֮⣬һȻһѪۼǿߣڸǰǴһߵҲˡ
΢һ֮Ҷ漴ָɫʩҲѾƳһ¯Ļ񵤣ôүףԶ֮˵Уһƿͨĵҩ˫ַϡ
ԶҶһۣ˴ߵƿУ򿪺󣬵һöĴָСɫѪ죬ͨɢŵâĵҩ
Ѫɱʱ˹У漴۾ʶ̽һκſ۾¶֮⣬ͷȷʵҩҵҩ̺ҩеļƷ
ԶԣһʱչҶĿ⣬ҲԽ뼤
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ڴ˿ֺ̣Ѿ𣬲˶ԶѪɱɢ޾ɫʩʩȻߵҶǰĿͿҶ
£ȴһ˳ԡ
ϷһǴҿɶˣѪ򸮵ˣҪС㶪ѪɽׯģȻԶѪɱ˵Сѣ㲻¡Ϸ֤ʮ֮ڣɴﵽ֮ʮ֮ڣ֮Ժǻȫ֮Ӵ硣
ڴ֮ɫҶĴӦƴѪҲҪϧ۽ҶߣϾһƻ񵤵ʦκһ˵ǿġ
ֻҪ㹻ĲϣͿƸµĵҩǸдĵҩպЩҩͿɳΪһתǬĵơ
һɻʹʵ
ǹԪ巽֮ף˿ԪȻΪ״ӣʹΪһ֮£֮ϵĴڡڵļ壬Ԫǻ۹ĵңһ鵤ֻҪ۹𣬾ƾⵤҲᱣǧ
ڤϲȻͬΪ۹Ķ֧һ򲻺ϣѣ˿ѪۼǿѾɧ
ܹõҶˣκκţһǿӴ˿վںѪͬĸ߶ȡ
۹ĴţѪֱӿԱҶ˿еĵλһʱ䣬֮ڣ˿Ҷ񣬸Ǿηмӡ
ҹȻûп㣬㵽ʲôأĿɫҶǣ¶ֶǵЦ⡣
ôܣһﾹȻܹƳĵҩ֮ǰ˴֮ȻܵŵļӣұҸô졣
Ѫɫ԰ףҶУǾ벻ʣ۵Թ֮ɫУһҪҸ취׳˴ˡ
һҿ֮ǰû֮񣬶⣬Ҳд𣬵ȵºҿɵøһ½飬ӦòܾҲǡ֮ǰǸҶסѯ꣬Ҷɨϲ⡣
˾ƾ츳ӦÿλĴ֮˰ɡ·У֮ɫǿƽһ㣬סҶ
۹ʮӣ⣬֮ϣĴ٣Լ˵е˫
·Ϊϵʮ֮һСĴΪгһգܼĴ֮Уڴ˵е˫û
˵е˫ǲĹ⻷ĥѣſܴﵽģѾ˵ˣáƺǣܸӺʡ
ÿ¾ŰֲֶֿΣԶ·ԸҲһë䣬ֻҲΨ磬Źʸλ˫֮һ
ԼֲһֱܲԭʵһŮɫӣҶĿ˸в֪Щʲô
ʵãϾϣΨһƻ񵤵ˣƾһ㣬ѾʸλĴ֮ˣ˭Ҫ˵ʵ㣬ֱһҩܶס˵
ÿһ䣬ˣͷȻͷͬʱϸĽ֮ɫ
ҶϼǸݸٽΪֵܣԸҶΪǸˣɾ˵ҶϼǸүǸʸǰ֮˽ύѲɣǸݸ˹ʺˣĳաĳĳǡþ˴һԴΪмǸҶٵľ֮ԴƵģ
ˣΪҵһܺĽͣȴϣԱߵһֱ꣬Ӷһ֪ЦҪû˵ֶ֮ǰһţҶϼǸҶ٣˹ʺˣű˼ΪֵܵġȻἵʵĲˣͨҵĹ۲죬Ҳ֪˵⻰ˣֱǸɵֿλ񵤵ţǺεݣΪм˼ҵľ֮ҲûҪ˼ҳֵܣСԾӰɡҿҶϼҶ٣ӦҲзǳ˲õĵطͱֻۣʶҶٵĲܣųҶٽύģЩ˵ҶǲݸٵЩˣҽͷӣ
֮ˣ۷׷ףÿˣжӿֲͬ뷨


442 ʦ
ߣλǷԼݣ˿ѪˣλݣҪ塣ԶһβźۼǰһҶ
Ѫɱ۰˶εʵΣȻųϵۣ޷ԶһԻۣ죬ٿ˵һ䣬ҾͲ˼
ôѵλүλСѣҵȿڲɣ˵ˣѪйϵֻǸ磬ҲҶϼǸݸ١ұү˵Ѫ׼Ƶ£ȻˣλСѣ͸Ѫû˿ϵˣҵˣȫң֮ǰѪˣλСѺѪȻӣתͶҲɣȨ档ֺãϳۺݺݹ𣬸ۼǿߣԡ
ǰһɫڶԶɨͳ֮£˲֣λСѡ飬ţѪָ˵
ڤȻδڣ˿̣ȻϢվߵֺⲻԶţʱѽΪһͬˡ
ֻͬˣάֶãֻ˭Ҳ²׼ˡ
ϾЩ֮䣬ѻԹһһϦ˵ģĵһҲֻΪҶˡ
ԶѪɱ˶һۣɫ˲ȥ˾棬ҲЩ
ϾֺˣҶҶϼٵĽֵܣϸ˵ѪˣμӴ䣬ҲֻΪҶϼͷ
ڵϣȫʱ뿪ġ
ҽգ۹Сȫڴˣִ棬ǻ᷸ŭһѪۼǿҲȻԲˣߡ
Ǻ棬һΨһˣͶѪ˵һķ뱯硣
Լϵ棬һţո¶ˮ׼Ǳߣ˭Ҳܲˡ
ڣѪɱ붨ԶڵóӶˣ֪ˣӣҲҪ֮ΪϱѪõӡ
λСѣϷˣֻҪһ仰вҪκθֻҪӦһˣȫȫ㾡ܷģ
ֺԶѪɱɫţҲڴҶ£¼ѪһֺۣҲȶԷ϶١
ˣСԸκһţȫ㣬Բܵ˺Ŀ΢˿Ҳǳڰ
ѪȻۼǿߣһҩʦ۹ûǵ֮ˡ
ϹжǴע⣬һѪٵôӡ
ڤϣ˿ҲǰһСѿҪˣֻᣬǧѷģ
ţͱˣԶѪɱˣˮȴǺް취˵ӣסҶһ룬Ͷľ
Ҷɫ΢΢֮ͣвŷӦЦҡͷ֮ǰԼֹ
ڽ֮ҲʽԼ֮ʱܾЦ¶֮һӣͳеġ
ݴ֮𰡡
Ҳ֮飬Ҷ΢΢ҡͷǽͷ¡
λǰСһۡҶʩǰ⼸ˣɶۼǿߣָĴڣȻа⡣
Сѵ˵޷ֺˣһۣЩڴ
Ҷͷ΢漴Сӱһо֮ͽܹҵ֪仹֮ȫһض֮Уżһҹ㿪۽硣֮ʱС߻ħҪɢȴҵҴȣҲǴ磬СӲн컯䲻˾ӣȴҲΪԹһУȫǴ裬һֱҶҶϼӵԾӵģɾͣͶ˲ݡλǰĺ⣬аԸмҾԲͶģһֱһҶϼͨӣҲˡЩҶǷԷθȻƽǸм֮⣬ȴԱԴǿ϶ᶨ˹
úúãѪɱԣϽ֮ɫ˲ɢҶ񣬸ǳϲ֮⣬תֺ˵Ǻǣλĺ⣬ֻջȥˣѪҶϼ壬һֱ֦ͬñһңҶԷģλСѪҶϼ壬ȻܹܵõĴ
͵ҶϼٵӵܣӦһҪʽΪͽ֪ɷԸ⣿ԶҶϣڴ֮⡣
Ӱݼʦ𣡡ҶԺԥֱӰݵڵأݾߵʦЦһۼǿΪʦֻкô޻Ҷܾܾ
ãͽԶУϲ֮⣬ֽҶ𣬷ֱǴӻóһŷ䣬ҶУЦǧ׷ɻûΪǧףƷΪʦϣƳɵһŻձʦ񡣡
лʦ𣡡ҶԣȻһϲ֣һ˿˿֮ټܹԶΪ֮ȻһΪı
Ǻǣʦ֮ѾϣôλүѵģԶת֮ǵ֮ɫ
ߣȻλСѵѡҵȻû飬ϷǷ»պλСѣպѪɵϷĴţʱΪСѳ
ֺһ¶֮ɫϾҶԸѡҲûа취
ɫһ粻֮󣬲һ£֪оЩʲô
λˣͽҩϷȻԶЦһ΢漴ͽǰ
Ҷ΢漴ǰݵڵأڡ
ձ𣬱ΪѪĿ䳤ϣλ磬Ѫɱ֮£⣬ұڶڴˣպ˭ҰжͽҶԶ﷢ģݣ
һۼǿػвݵԣһܵߴˡ
лʦ𣡡ҶҲһжȻѪ̫飬Ϸ˶׮ȴǿüأΪ˴£跹˼
ԼԺ󣬿ҪԶߴ½ϵӽֻ֮ҪѪһմڣ۹Ҷϼ壬ȻǣϷ֪飬Ȼǳˡ
ֺԣ¶ź֪룬ǳˣҶһۣ漴ҡͷ
ǺǣλõˣȻ˴εĿˣѾԲѪŴȣʽʼѪɱЦڴ˿̣ǿѹڸ֮⣬ӰУֱ
оѹ֮ڵˣ˲ɫ
ԶѪɱһۣɫ˲üΪ˺ԥۼǿߵϢԶ֮ˣңңԡ
ֺɫ΢䣬漴΢̣ǸӦ˵ݣԶѪɱ񣬶˼ֻ֮⡣
ɫǸΪâһģ
ǹԪһУ˿ϲ⣬˴ѪɱĴ䣬ΪԪڣһˣԵ÷ǳ͵˿ЩԪˣȴð⣬Ϲɹǿ᲻һϢɢôڵһˣа
ԭԪҲǿ
Ǻǣ٣붨ԶѪɱҪ֡ԶԶԱʣݹһڴ֮ϣݹɢ¶ˡ
һˣɫۣͷڣȻȻɢһɰԾµƣѪ֮ϣҲδ֣һΪﵽ۵۷徳磬ǹԪĹԪ
һˣһߣƽƽϣȴǺɫȴЩȥΪɲȻĬһΪȴҲﵽ۳ڵľ硣
μԪμĳϡԪһˣڤΪף°ݣ¶ϲû뵽ԪҲۼǿߡ
ɡԪ΢΢̧֣漴űȭЦĳͻڼϷҪΪʵѲλһᣬ¡
ﻰԪˡ
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δԪɣΪʵϲɺذ
ϲĳ֮۹ľֽҪ¸дˡһʱ䣬ڶȨߣ׷ӦǼŲֺõ
˶ףҪкϷˡ
ԭΪҪѪݺݲڽµţһŵĳϣ֮һʵ˵ԪѪѾڳƽ״̬
һ֮ǰž֮£ҲҪ¿ʼˡ


443 
Ԫĳϣڴ֮ˣߣղŴڷ飬ɿ
Ԫĳϵ֪Ů·壬һƶһܹԶ֮ʱɫɵȻƳɷɷﵤ΢֮ɫ
֪Ҷܹƻ֮ɫ䡣
Ƭ̺󣬴ЩϢȫԪϣٿЦүƬ̣ȴǴྫ֮¡
˵ԪҶһ۲ŵԶմΪͽʵĽǰһǹϲԶ֮Ϊǡȣ£Ҽţǡ
ԪǺ⣬ղŹڤϣѾԪڴ˴εġУԶ˳ôѵǹԪʳԣѪɱɫ΢Ե
Ѫɱˣ˾٣ʳһ˵ڤϣҹԪССĹϣʸ汾ش
Ԫɫ΢䣬תͷڤϣǰǶλĮӱȨſڿӣڣԶһۣʾͽ䣬ǿķ
ķڤԣɫ΢ףȴǺԥݺݵ˵ͷֺ֮ɫϺâ֣ݺԼ֮ϡ
ҺͬʱѪУѪܵı۰Ѿ˴֮ϣͬʱڤϵϢҲʱήȥ
Ԫ״Ȼͷʾ£תЦѪɱʼĩѿˣ㻹кλ˵
㣬Ȼݡ
ȻԪѾ֮ˣô֮ǰľȻϣǡۣŵġȣͶգΣѪɱâһֹԶľٶתͷ˹Ԫ
Ԫԣ˸𣬵ãͶʱ
԰գһӣŹԪˣ˳Ѫɽׯ
ԪһߣˣȻҲûˣ׷ˣաȵʢ¡
һߣԶſʼʽҶһЦѪɱۣϼһ˵ǸŮͽǽֵܰɡͽ㣬ŮҲȻ㼸ʱһŮȴֽװɲݸ٣ڰϷˣҵȣ
֪Ѫɱе죬֮ԶæʦܼЦˣҶϼǸӣǸʵĲݸ٣ͽᲢۣҹҶϼǷݻԼѾͷȻû˵ʲôǸѾͷһٸͬⰡ
Զһڣ⵱ˣȴң㻹Ǻô
ѪɱƴͣԶȴţۿԼͽ˳ɫԼͽΪֵܵҶ٣ܲȥ
Ѫɱֻ˵ÿڸȡˡ
ԶѪɱǲϣһЦŮǸʲôˣվͽĴ磬ԺԶǸӺõ㡣
˵ŶҶ֣ͽ
Ҷ߽ʦкηԸ
ԶЦѵΪʦΪʦεĵϣ˷ͷҺܳ飬ҪĶ͸㡣
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷͽΪʦʵĪĸʦĪˡ
ԶǫѷȷǷɵ°ޣиϲ
Ҷ᲻ӹֻöѪɱιӣ͵ʲôҶϼǸӣҺܳ飬Ϊһͽ
Ѫɱ˵ͷá˵ųҶȥȴ֮⣬һʱҲ²͸
ԶЦҶļͷЦض⺢ˣ۹ۣ⺢ΪͽȴֻҶԶܵõϿɣա֮ϣҲԪϼһһ
˵ţվҪǡ
ѪɱϲãȴɫͣеҶʱǴվţԸһл㡣
ļͣҪҪ
⻰Զȴ΢΢һЩõʦ֣ͽΪǻ񵤣ľ˾ˣʲô£ҲϢú˵ɡ
٣϶ͽֵܶôģҾʼҳͽԿġѪɱ赭дһЦԪͳ⡣
ĻҶȴһѪɱԼΪѯҶϼɡ
ʱֻѪɱҴһص鷿
Ҷɫ¸ӿ϶ϣȴûа㷴Ӧ
Ѫɱ´Ҷ˰Σܼ˵ǰЩһУζִ˹㣬ǲǣ
֪飬Ҷû˵ͷСӲ֪أð˶С㣬йǼ飬Сˣ𷣡
ѪɱһЦû⣬Щÿɷʵ˵ǰǴˣᵽ۹ҶٽʶģûгסѪ뷨
ҶһԼݣ˱¶ɱй©ݡһС˹ˣ²ϰͬһطڶ
ҶѪɱĿ˼һʱ䣬ɫ֮䣬Щź˰ΣѪɱϵŮ˽ԵǲҲʲôǳڵط㿴أ
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Ŷ飿ѪɱõԼҪϢҲٶ˵ҶϼǸ٣úúòһһԣǴб죬ֻиտǡ
㣬зԸʱˣҪٲȥϢʦͻˣȥЪŰɣ˵
Ҷһ˳⡣
Ѫ
ҹҶڴǰüͷڸӦʲô
ûиоеԪЩ̫Ծ֮ҶͻȻ˫
ԣ΢΢һȷųʶϸ̽һ֮󣬲ŵ˵ͷӦҲָоʲôطԾȴ˵
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ӦѪڵȻһ̶ĵӿȥһٳɶ࣬ǴطԪȫŨˡ
ѵҼͻƣҶһУЩϲ⡣
ԣ϶˵Ϊͣȥưɣ۹ۿ˵һͻƹ̣ܻߺܶ·Ҷ뷨ֱ˵˳
һЩ츳ͻƾ磬׽£ҪԡףȷʵʹԼĳЩط򣡡ҶһԼӦĵطѪĺɽȥ
ﱾѪĽأڵҶǺεݣػʿ


444 ֮
Ҷһ·ͨ裬˺ɽһС棬һСԺҶԺеĸʾƣӿŲСԺ֮С
СԺһңҵŰ棬ֲդһ沦һϽ¶Цݣ૵⴦Ժӣµĺܣֻ֪˭ס
ֻꡱһľ̿ˡ
ɾʱһɴ̹ǵĺŷϮ
Ҷ΢΢һɻˣʲôôŪһ˿ȫְסȫӰ죬Կţ߽ȥ
ȻڿŵʱǳЦǸţеˣҽˣֻҲ㣬ֻͬһ𡭡
˭֪δ꣬ȴסˣֻ֮Уиߣ˴ССʮ͸ˮЩˮʽҶյˮһ޶
ʱѪζ;һˮ棬˫ȵ࣬ȵڲ࣬ס˽ţ΢죬ӣС΢ţڽɡ
ЩҶסԭǣ⾲ˮѪζȫǳһ˿ҡ
Ҷô󣬼£Ҳв٣ŮȴǴδģۼʲôԾ˿ȴҲסˡ
Ѫζ۾ģȻҲƼҶ۾ľ桢ŭ߼ʲôҲݡ
ȴҲƺѲܶˡ
Ҷ˼ʮӣתӣⶫⷿĹߣôôڵϹģʲôҲιûУƲѽ
٣СӣôŮӵ⣬仰Ѫζ֪ǼٵģҲҰοһˡԺУǻ
Ҷȴûһ˵һߣҪ˳ţȻƼⷿˮӨС˸̲סҪͣơ
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ҶҲͷȥƣдο콵ԵȻôңҪˣǿûӵ顭
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ǰϣѣΪѡ
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ȻĵѪ塭
ҶѪ򸮵ĵϵӵܣ
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Ѫζģӿ֮⣬Ѫ֮㵱УߣѪ˲֪
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Ѫ壬ͻȻһҵĳ鴤Ҷҡͷ룬ϵ֮ˣ˵ʮѵ˾޿ɾȵĵزۿΣȵһγ鴤֮ʱͽ
һܳ꣬Ȼˣɴ˿ɿĲпᣬ뵽֣̾ʲôԣ˵ȻΪ㾡ɡ
Ѫ۾ѱϹǰ˭֪ҶǵѣҶⷬϿֿĻ˻ɤȡѾʼ
˵˫͵ץҶ죬齣áĹ齣ܵ
һҵҡֹһҲ֧ˣ˫ȻץҶ죬·Ҫץźĵˣ֮ͬھ
ҶѪ״ңۿʪῪ˫ǽ۵˫֣ڵϡ
ѪĿҶأ£ŭŵƤ˴ιԪҲӦóһǳ׵ĺ֮㣬ҪȻԲԽ˳Ҳ֪ԼǸϵδܷ˿⣬ˣһȥ鿴һ¡
뵽Ҷͽˣһ羰ѵĵطѪˡ
ѪĲ꣬Ȼö°˺ۣʵǺˣһˣϻǳһµ˺ۣѣοѪ֡
Ҷ뵽㣬Ҳ⣺Ԫ˴бˣûٶ˵µҶӿҲڴ˴δ֮УΨǰŴ̨


445 ɨ޼
Ѫ֮ڡ
ڸɣŸߣ𶯣ѪԪͬۼǿ˫ʵ൱ʹ۹ӿ
ʤһؽΪ۹ִţߣ
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ʯ̨࣬ѪԪңңԣ˫ˣӣһֳ֮ÿߵϣѾðɱ
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ôĿѪʯҵһ޵Ŀ˵̬ȣ׼ŭĶӡǰһͷڵţ֮ϡ
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¶ȼߣոճ֣˸оһӭƽ֮С
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һɢѪӢĿڱ֮УѪȻһ֮£˼Ϊصˡ
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һ֫ţ˵֮䣬޵Һͣ٣нһȡ
꣡һ
ЦУĹ֮֮ѪӢʱȣѳʹ״̬еĹͷȻѾӲ̤˷顣
㣡ŹһϣѪӢ˲һƬŤ¶ʹ֮ɫ촽ȴǽһѪ죬ס޵ңǷ֮⡣
ڶ֫ҽţͣ٣޵ҿѪӢͨ˫ۣҶ͸¶֮⣬иֺ֮ɫ̧ţѪӢȣݺݲȥ
꣡һ
ѪӢ죬쿪ڰɣҪȥˡ
Ӣ죬䣬үġ
ѪӢʵ̫ˣ˭ȥȾҪȥˡһЩİഺŮѪӢ챻ĥ˿Ѿӿ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ѪӢ˫֣Ѿ̤ˣ˫˫ȣһߣ߿֮УѪϣΪѪѣ״ҵ˼㡣
еâȴԽʢвϷҰް֮
ٺ٣ѪĵϵӵܣȻӲȻ㲻Ͽڣֻüȥ˫˫żȻѾˣǾֻʣµ֫ˣ޵Ǳ֮ɫ̧ţǺݺ̤¡
ס֣ڴ˿̣ԶۼǿߵǿɨͷʣɲǼƱɫȻѾŭ˼㡣
һѹȻɣ޵ҵɫ˲䷢ף裬ֹסΡ
ԶѵҪͽ֣ԪڣĻһǽ޵ҵһӣѹ¡
ԶϢ罣סĻͽίʵݶֶνѪӢסʩڵĽƣȥҪӲѪϵӵ֫ϣգ
Ļͬˮݣԣ¶ּڽ֮⣬Цȣһ涨ֹͽ£ûУԶۼǿߵݣͽ֣ǲЩ̫ˣѵҹԪ𣿡
ڣǾȻǿԶԶӿͷе˸һǿѹںɨ
ԶȣС֮飬أѵ׼ƻ֮ԼҪ𣿡ԪһһǿڶԶѹͬ˯еľޣѻѡ
ʦܣٰ꣬ǱԪһˣǻᱻŵˣû˿ӣʱŴҵɾǾлˮˡѪɱɫüͷ΢壬˿̼æֹ˹Ԫľٶ
Զԣ粻֮һһ֣Ѫ䡣Աϣ޵ɢȥΧĽƣֱӳ֣ЩɢѾȥѪӢ죬ת̨ȥ
ߣ϶Ҵ֮գ֮ʱҺúõţ޵һתĻʦ֮ıȶǲֻҪȡǲΥ涨
ߣȴԴȫڳһڹսߣ̲סɫ΢䡣
ıȶ㾡ֶܷΪʲôˣҶǿг֣ҺԪǾԲԹۣĻԣҲ¶֮⣬ϰ׹һȻص˹Ԫһ
֪λѪˣǰͽ̣˾һˣ޵ɫţңָѪһһָ֮ˣɫ΢΢ףƮ֮ӡ
Ƭ̣Ӧ޵ҲЦôѵѪһҶֵˣû𣿼ȻˣⳡȣǲҲΪˡ
޵£ʱһƬҡ
޵Ȼδ֮һȴ˿ڳλʣ˴ȣŶʮƣѪ˴Ҫܱˡ
Ѫһţжػ֮ϲ£ּϺϵ׵СͷǴ˴һϣԪǿѹһͷ֮ǰ۵ĴƣҪȥˡ
Ԫ˿̵ʵѾѪһĺ֮УҪѪǿﲻֹ۹ҲǴпܰ
Ѫжػ򣬱ҫޱȵ飬⡮٣Ԫȥ飬䶪棬Ŵʧˡ
ۼǿߵʶǿޱȣΧ˵˽ԶѪɱ˵ɫޱȣǴ˴ܣԺѪҪԹԪΪˡ
ڽУ¾Ѫۼǿ۹ҲҪɨˡ


446 켼
ȿԸٴγսԶɨĿ֮ͣЩѪĺ֮㣬ɫ԰ףκαʾ
ѵѪһˣΪŷֵǣֻԴвɣԶɫȴ¶֮⡣
Ҳǳ޵չ¶˿ڳλʵʵ۹һУ˴˵е˫ѾûĶ֡
Ը̨һԡڴ˿̣һ˿֮ŮͻȻڰදݺȣ֮У͸ָ߹֮
һ磬ƮѪζ˴ҵǰ΢΢ϷĶԶӯӯһ񣬱ɫƽ˵һߣмֳ֮
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ѪɱĿ΢˿ȴͻȻڣζ֣мְգԴ޵ң
Ѫζ΢ͣ٣漴ӣ΢ûԼΪŮϰգڰ֮ڳʤ
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Ʈݼ䣬ͬٷ䣬һĿѣ
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ڿѪζһ˲䣬޵ҵУ˲䱬һ֮ɫѪζڣ˿Ƿݴ֮⡣
ӵΪҪʯ̨ѵѪһӣûһ㣬ֵ
ѪһӵܣŴԣǵɫͨ죬ǸӦܸڸɴı񣬸Ǻ޲ڵڸֱӰԼȥ
ԶѪɱ˵ƤҲһȣµҲûа취ˡ
ʧˣұѪĵϵӵܣռ֮գҴ渮ųսǺ֮£ڵ½֮ʱҾԲа֣СˡѪζԣĿ΢赭д㽫»⿪
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˵ڿʲôأƨɵסѵҲǴСʲôǷ֮룬Ҫƣһ㣡
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޵ңͼСȻֱ켼ΪͷĪǡ뵽Ҷʱɫһ䣬޵ҵ뷨
½֮ϵ켼һЩ˶Ϲؾ֮Ѱ汦
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֣Ҷô˽켼˶ĶһˣôеΣĻɫһ䣬ŹԪ粻ɫЩŭ
һ켼ǹԪżȻһ󹺶ģ֮Իύ޵
ԭһ޵ңʾѣٶȼ졣
ԭ켼ԣԪԣǼǳʹ顣
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ⷬĻϣ¶Ȼ֮⣬΢һ룬ǣҲ̲סЦ֮ɫ
ȷʵӵʵȫûҪܵĿܡ
ʯ̨ϣѪζ֮ϣûκ֮⣬ȻȻ뵽һܡ


447 Ϊ
˿ԣü΢壬䵭֮ɫȴûпھܾǿڵԪֵ֪ĻǷԴԪ˼
ԪĿ΢Ѫζϣ漴ЦͷȻȫȨ
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Ҫǰ⻰Ѫζǻ¶ϲɫȻ˴ԣȴǽȺУһϮ֮ϣͣ٣а㵽ҶϼĴǺεȹϵ
˰ΣҪ漴ת֣ԼӦ£ְɡ
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µʵΪǲУʹ䣬֮ĺ˵䣬һӣǵϮѪУ㶨ڿУ΢ʩǽ仯Ϊ˷顣
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ʱʵѾﵽ֮ЩֲֶΣλҲеһƴɣΪԺɨѪһˣεȣѪֲҪǰ;޵۹һ˸ȥˡ
ԪʵȻɲⰡ˿̲λۼǿСӵܣҲ˾ޣͣΪֻҪʱ䣬ۣǱȻ鰡
ѪϤĵһ飬Ҫװױ˼ˣ޵Ҳͷ۹ܹõһˣ˼Ľ
֮УǸڸɵȨߣһۣ۵𺳣ǹԪһ˿ȥ̲ס¶η֮ɫ
ģ޵ҾȻôգΪ
СϵˣˡѪһһͻ޵ͻȻΪɫ䣬һ֮Уȴ޿κΡ
ԶѪɱ˵ҲǼΪ޵ϢΪ֮ǰıȶУҲûпߡ
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޵ҸоͭɢǿϢ¶֮ɫȻЩϾޱ֮ͬСɣȻҴ⡣
һӣȴǵһΣһһֻ޴ĹƶɵģԼߴСͨ巢ףϲ·Բ״â߲ϡ
ǣȻһޣѾĪͨʱ޵߶ǻûһֻֻɫڹ꣬ġ
Щɫڹ꣬³ɫ˿ߣЩ˿ߣ໥ƣƳһ˿޵ڣ˸ȫλػ
ͬʱѪζǰնѪɫͭȻ䱬һâһ֮Ѿƿռ䣬ٻ
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Ҷʶ֮аƤ鷢ұ仯֮ʱѪζУɲǼ䣬Ҳ¶˼֮ɫ漴ǻΪһϲȻصļ죬ȴǲδҶ
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㲻ǹͨһԱ㣬ԣһǡʥĺѡˣҪȻԲܵõȹ޵ҵеĲ롣
㳡ϵˣһʱ䣬ղѪζһУǾˡ
ǹ趯ȻƺΧռ䣬һεɳ䲻⣬У԰ΣһĻʵ̫ˣ
ǿʱ㳡ϵЩˣףΪʲôѪ˸˵ѪζѪһĵһˡ
ߣ޵ȴûзֻŭһȫâ˶Ϊ˺âҪӳ
ǽסĹȴŰɫĹâ޵˶ܷ⣬޵ηӲ
һΣʤˡѪζȻڣһָ⣬ס޵ҵĹʯ̨棬ȥ
ֻҪ̨޵ˡ
ɾѪζҪת֮ʣ޵֮ǰĹܣȻתۼ䳤һӭ
Ѫζɫ䣬ƴӣȴһ죬ܣâӵ⣬ֶѪζʱľѾʧȥ˷ֶΣâָţʱڵء
ʱֻ֮꣡һ졣
תڰеͭʧȥѪζָ֮˲ͣͣһ֮£㱻޵ңȥ˷˵֮ϣϣ˲ܲѺۣʧ
ϧǸղѪζٶӼܹ޵ң״ˣ˿̵Ľ֣ǾҪȻ෴ˡУ˻ٵź
Ȼ֮ڣڶȨߣȴǰҡͷȻѪζһֱ֮ˣľ޴޵ȴڹܵıӻ£һЩ
ʵ֮ıȶʤҪ޵˼ɣѪζֶֻ͢ΣסǻͭĻᡣ
Ǻǣ˴ʤˣζһ֮޵ңȻð̧Σӭţζʱ䣬
˴ΪȡʤԼѣȻԱһ޵˷޵ҵɫһ粻
Σ޵ʯ̨ϵͭио֮аŮŪֺ󣬶ȻҪ뾡һа취ͭд˾֣Լֽһűˣ
Ѫζԣȴɫһף΢ҧס촽һϮɨȴ̲ס΢΢̾ϢһȻŲ׵ʵȴֻҶϼٵĽֵܣʵŪ˰ҪҶϼĴ٣ֵһı£ǴֺαػΪźһˣһжעΪƾǬ֮һٻ޵ңõǴ˵е켼û뵽Լ̫̰ĵĳͷɡ
뵽˴ɫԲ԰ףϺţ̲סҪϧ
ԶѪɱˮһ֮ɫ֮£۹ڶȨʿΪ֤ķڣҲˡ
ʱһߵĹԪĻϲЦտ´ŮԴϣһѹѪӴ˳Ϊ۹ľ԰ԺǿɽŮ֮ᴿܲаϲ
ԪıȶֻΪһ£ҿ֮С֮֮ģûҪаɣͬ⣬εȣѪˣΣԶɫڵ
ԶγԡĻһ¶䳰֮ղͽ󸮶С֮ʱ˵һʤһѶ˲ͷ㶨ԶͻԣĪʳԶʣ
㡭Զԣɫһ䣬ɫȥȴ˵֮ԡ
үҪģղŴѾºڣ֮Ѫӵܣʤ֮ǰԼȻЧţԸһսѪУһʮĽ꣬һ䵽ʯ̨ϡ
֪޵ȴûпһ㣬һ߹ֱߵһǰȻǶ·ɣ
Ǹ΢΢һü
޵ҺЦ˾ͺãȡУ̨ɣ
·һĳкγԹ
޵ҵûУ
·زʶ޳ԹΪҪ֣
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·һĪֻҪϵˣҪֲɣ
޵ͻȻһ˿Цݣٵ񣬱Ҵ˷֮⣬ڵ۹ʮֻҪ㣬ҾͿԵϵ۹ԺĽܰ˫񣡡
죬ټЦݣ֮ǰֶ͢ΣԺˡ
·ԷսȴЦҳʵǲƾս£㣬ĪڿЦô
ֻ޵ݣ˿飬ȺҪӲ·ͻͷأڸЦҲЦ
ʱƺҲţǰ֮ˣʵ


449 ̨
޵һֵ̨ɣƣ۹ϵˣк˲֮
·廷һۣڳĶˣʮˣʮ˫۾ˣһһ·֪ǷǶֲɵˡ
ΪѪζͷҲģż΢棬Ծʯ̨˫һӣһ˫צڹУС
¿צΪƣȴ棬ϵϸСӦá
·һɱ֪֪жˣɥצ֮£˿ƴ˫ӲıУָ⾹΢΢Ӧ֮
·񣬰һѪӥצȡһͷ֮צϵ˷˫צཻһצ£צϣֵƣʽ˷ר뻤֣Ҫˣ
еԼұã˿͵ռˣ򵥵һʽ㣬ɹ˿أȻҵϵӵܵݣ
޵ŵö¾Űܹļ˷ÿһ֣űУѽѪӥצ͸㣬磬ǿˡ
·ȵ̣ʽͻȻһ䣬צȣצں˫צƽֵأߣһʱ䣬ΪٵצӰ޵ҡ
۶·Σα仯޵ֻ׿룬˿ǵгδʣҲ£ɮ붨һ㡣
·ʮȦѲ֪жٴҪ֣޵飬һУĵ׵Ĳһ
ϵգӳ޵ҵӰԹ¼ֲڳ֮·֮ϣѲ飬Թ֮ˣƵĿɿڴһģԾǻ
Ȼ䣬ֻ·һХһѪӥצΪڹ⣬ֱצ޵ҵ˫ۡ
Уɷ壬̨֮ˣȲʣ֪ɲ֮䣬ͻһһϼ֡
·һתԶɣֱȥеѪӥצѵ˵֮ϡ
޵ңֱɫ䣬ֻгȻʣбָ·壬ȴһεѪԽ⻺䣬ġѪڵϡ
·ӣͻȻ׹У˫ŭ͹һѪԻüĻǼ⣬ƫУǡ룬⼸ִ磬ۼ㣬ۼǿڳҲѾȵû
ЩҵˣۼԼڶԷһ֮£ܣǾһ˿һγֵģ֮£˾Ҳ֪
˰Σֻ޵ҵĽ⻺£һѪ߽һˮ
޵ұ滹ҪĿ⣬ɨһۣĿм֮⣬˵ЩνĶӵܣҳ֣ҲΨж¾Ű
ͻһȵ쵰ҼǶ·ߵһӣȻ£ȴݵԼĴˣӶҵȨ
ֻУԲЩŲҲЩ
ʱѪĵϵӵУΪǿϴˣҲһԾʯ̨˵ۣˣǰûͷûԵ޵һȥ
⼸ˣһ֣λֳ꣬ӡ
֪֪޵ͷҲأֻ㽣˼һҺˣһüһѪڣֱ֡
޵ҳȺ󣬵һѻΪ˾ͬʱˣͬʱҺֻһ
۴һĻ·ѪӵܣȻҧ׷
ֻ޵ңһһΣȴĴ֣һѪ㼣䣬ֻĵɥ˫ϥﻹϣ
޵Ȼһ䣬ѪڵȵҾڴ˴˭вǣһˣѪЦУһӣǽʯ̨ϵˣͳͳɨ
޵Ҵԣνʯ̨ܱڶߣȴ뱣˳ĬϾ˸ղչ¶ΪĿãǱλʣҲһ֮
ΪԺɨѪһ
ѪԶԶѪɱӵܣ˿̣һɫУǺ޲ý޵̻ȴʵû
̶Ƭ֮䣬вʮѪӵ̨ܳȥκʵ̫󣬶Ǳ޵һģѪ˵³
һȺѵѪЩ꣬ЩѪɱѪʵòϵ̨ӵܣεȣʱ˰ɣ
޵ſЦͫĿѪϣ˿Ƿ֮⡣
ԶԣɫӲµɨﷺΣղ̨ЩˣѪһеٮٮߣǶֻܣʣµĵϵӵٶ࣬кã
ѵ˴ҪˣԭΪԶ֮Ѫ֮ڣָտɴû뵽ȴǳΪ˵ĵʯҲİѪɱǲ֮⣬ɻԸ̨սۺˣֻҪʤԶΪѪĿ䳤ϣƷ䣬˷һ
֮£һѪȴһ˿ڣϾȻ񣬵ҲҪܲǡ
ղ޵ҵ棬Ѿǳ׵
ۿ֮£ȻӦԶ˲˱Ʋ˼֡
ļñ޵ֵز̲סݳȵ֪ͽñƳĽд磬ȴǷϵԪߵ
޵ҹһЦ˫һӣƮ
ļ״һ޵ãҲǷϵֻն١
޵һһģĵ󣬾ϣǵ֮£ֻܼߡ
޵ȴǺȻһЦָҪбӣͷ
Уػ
Ļæӣᾢվ
ȴ޵˫һţݰƻΪ䣬ƣɲǼ伲һС
ֱ仯ͻأȫȻ޵֮ǰ򶷵·
æңǰһ޵ҳͣǰһִ˼޵סģȻ
Ԫϣ˪ٿ̤һ
޵ҺǺһЦ˺ֶ
Ķ˶񣬺ȵ㷽ŵС
޵Ц˵ô
ĵˣһתģҵת֮䣬ȴ޷죬źۼǸֲˡ
Ӿǿ䣬ִеãУ´
޵Ұ֣ЦˣһŮӼңֶţɺͳ
һŭ˵ʲô
޵аЦӦѪζѾ߰ɣԺҲǱ˵Ѿˣ˿ɲ㡣˵ģ۽ǵ⣬䵽Ѫζϡ
Ѫζü䶸Ȼ͸һһŮС绪ԦȺףüɵһаͽƣ
һ³˭֪޵ĿһתѪɱЦүѪŮˣû˸һô
нƣȴ棬޴ӷ
޵ҵԣĿˣͷƮȻĳƴһս
Ͼʱ̨һӰٿΣҲû̧㣬ӹļͷһ⣬̾С㣬°ɣ
ıһɼ˳תŭ׽ֹԼˣݺݳһ֮ʱǰһϮʱȴǶȻ־ϲ֮⣬̲סſڵˣԸսˣ
ˣԸսˣ
һ仰ȻߣȴҲʯ̨ϵˣһ
ʲôѪɱǲŭģͿˣȻһʦСս
ӵ֮Գ۹ʵŴʦ֮Ϊȥֱӱ˵һŪ
ҿԶǱͿˣ״ӣ½Ψһƻ񵤵Ĺţ˷Ǳ̨ȥ޵Ҳɱ¼֣γһֲˣѪʧɾǿˡ
ңɴ㣬ֱˣȥѪֻһھȻɵƻ񵤵Ĳȥ޵Ҵ򶷣ӹˮˡ
ʱ·ĶԶҶȻʯ̨ͻȻ󼱵ͽ³ç
ҶֹĿͣϡ
ҲУڴ
˶Ҷ˫üһ
ȴԶĹԪЦһŶԶԶ֣ʯ̨ϣֻʤ֣֮ȴû֮ͽɣһ̨͵ñȶǲܱĹأ
㡭Զ˵ǷӦ˽иΣѳȴǲýŷڣֻװţȴҶش
˿˲ҶϣǴ֮ϣѪζɫ԰ף֮͸ָӣҶϣȴλش
ⷬɫ޵У֮ɫɱ˲䱩ǡ


450 ·
ʯ̨ϣĿҶüͷ΢壬΢ͣ٣ǿڵʯ̨
δ˵꣬ǱһЦ֮ϣֻ޵֣ңָҶмЦҲ֪ľǺιϵ֪֮䣬⡣ҽձҪ㣬ӽԺ޵ҵŮˣͬѪζһҹԪǲɾ᣻ȻԸ˵еͷڹ꣬պˣжԶԶԶҪٳҵ֮ڣҶΪһˣ
޵ңں˵ʲô޹ϸ𣡡¶־֮ɫԣǽҶڵ㲻ҪΪûаգ򲻿ɴӦǣ
˷ûκôʹһߵУɫûʲôֺα˽
ⷬǴ˵
һʱ䣬˿Ҷ񣬱Ǽ˼ֱ֮⣬ĵһΪ룬ȴһֱͷڹ꣬ҳͷίʵ˿
Ŀ֮󣬼ɫãҲЩӦ뵽˿̾أȴһ࣬飬Խ裬ԽڣһУֻܿҶĸѡˡ
Ҷȴ治ɫתʯ̨ϵ޵ңλʣʲô˲ġ
㡭ߣȻֻгλʼǿߵʵҪ㣬ȴǲѴ֮޵ԣɫһտڣ㱻ҶٴӲϡ
ֱ֪ͻ󡣡Ҷ񵭵Ƴ˴һۣѪζ΢΢һ٣漴ԶԶʦ𣬵ԸսˣΪѪһ
Ҷ˾٣ȻĿڡ
֮ǰǶչˣά֮١
οľٶҲܿԼʵ꣬Ҷǲʳ˼̻ʥˣ˵⣬ΪмȻ޷Ӷ޵УŪһࡣ
⣬ղѪζʩչǹðƤ䣬֮䶨ȻĳϵҶд⣬ҪѰʱŪ¡
䡰ʦ𣬵ԸսȻƽһ߶Уȴƽؾס
СӷôΪȻӭս޵ҡ
ҿǱɫͷԣˡ
ˣԳ嶯Ҫ޵ҶϣŰô
ҿιԪпܽ˻ᣬֱӳֻٵӣϾ˿½Ψһƻ񵤵˰½пܳΪѪǿƣԹԪһСв
Զǻ뾡һа취ֹⳡȶģϾյôΪͽһ顭
ʱԪһ
ԪҶȻҲʯ̨ͻȻ侫âĻһۣһ֮ɫ
ǱˣȻΪã˻ᣬ׻ȥδڣȴѾ˶Է˼
ȻӢ۳꣬û뵽СѲҩ֮ΪʶҲ˹ˣҶΪ߹̫࣬ⷬȶʵ̫ҶλСѽ֣Ҫзִ磬ءĻһЦȻڿ佱ҶȴһƬ䣬иǲڽ֮⡣
ͽ³֣кзִġ޵ҵУҲ֮⣬Ц
ֶҪҪһʱ££ûǰ򵥡Ѫɱ¶ֽ֮ɫ˿ѾʧȥһΪŮҶҲȥʧ޷ܵġ
Ҷԣů⣬ѪɱҲĹУȻס
صǣзִ磬ҽ´ʦһСԱϣҶתȻԪҪƽҾ͸Ĺ
˵䣬ת޵ҡ
㡭㲻çײģѪζϸֳԥϺһȥ
Сӣ£ҶȻҪãܣ޵ˮղѪζǰٶУжʻգ޲ֱӰҶ˺ɷ顣
Ҷֱ֮ɫЦΣз
ãС޵ԣĶͷһɿ񱩵ѹںɨѴﵽͼ޵޵ңֱǺ飬ֶҶݺһգһֱֻƾճ֣ݺҶץȥ
ֵжϣҶץס²ҲȻҪ³
޵¶Ц˿ѾҶŪȫͷڵʹధģ
ʯ̨ܱߣڶսаҡͷҶ֮⡣
һ̣˵УͻȻ¶֮⣬۾͹ƿĳֲ˼һ㡣
޵һϵЦҲ˲佩Ӳ
ңƣֻҶͺһǰݺһץһְֻͨɫľ޴ƣ˲۶ֱ޵ҵĴӡ
ֻ䣡һ
ֻӡڰײǿĲȻɢ
ҶλʵΪΪλʣټϽ۵ʶΪһʽҶϼĶսʩչȴ˲Ŀ
ߣһʱ֮£ֻ˰˳ʵ޵ңȻƺһɫ΢һףҶ֮ɫ
ν棬Ȼ·磿
Ȼֻ˰˳ʵȻܵġ
ʯ̨£ȴǡ֮
˱ʣ˲Ŵͣǲ˼֮ɫ
ӾȻΪӸղŽֵѾȫǿߣ
ôܣӾ˵ֻǸλʦôܱǿߵʵ
ϧȻʵǾ޷޵࿹⣬Ͼ޵Ҹղֻ˰˳ɵʵ޵ҿܾͲˡ
Ȼ˵֮䣬޵ҵ֮ϣһ䣬ŷâһʱԶȼգĻҳ
ͬʱ޵ҵϣҲһ㵭ɫϵϢڶ̶һ˲䣬ʼɢһ㣬Ҷϯ˽
֮ǰսУһֱŷѹԼʵΪˣûȫʵʸ
ͻȻڵͷžУȴһ˿¶ģҶ뿪ʯ̨
˲
ɱ˴ˣѪͻʧȥһұۣܸöԸѪɱˡ
ոȭѪܳ꣬ǰϷδҶԶлһսԼʵҲǼˡ
ţܣɱ޵һʩչҶ΢΢һһת޵ĿжԼɱ⡣
ʱ޵ͻȻһЦʯ̨Ͽգڲڶҡޱ䣺ȻܸӦеɱ⣬һС㡣ûпȻҲصôѹѪζ㻹ͦӵģԭΪǿƻ񵤵ϣŶмȴϲгǸ֮ˣҲԶǱʵ̫ˣθӲܹŹ㣬ֻˣȴɱˡ
ƾ㣬ɱңЦ£ҶҲûԼʵıҪˣҲʼȫȫһİɫâȫת֮䣬۳ʵʵĻס
ǣ޵ұҪ֣ҶΪʢʱ򣬰ƣǿͻȻҶϵף̴һΪҲﵽ֮
٣ûдﵽϸһ֪ˡһ赭дĻֱ޵ҵ̽
ûдﵽ֮춼ɣ޵ҲͲסһƵĹâţĽ۳һ񽣣Ҷȥ
ҶϣһḶֱ́һ̣棬ɫѪ۳ڲͣ֯һԶսɷ֮ʼ޵ҵԺ
ɲ֮䣬޵ҾȻһֱζ
ҶոԼָоʼǿߵԺ֮УʮֵĲͿֲԼ飬ѱԷ־
ɶ񡣡޵ҴһϵĴǬٴδ߶âҫʯ̨ɢȥǵϵȫˣֳ¶ʯ
ĽΣҶպ˹ȥ
Ҷ˿ûڰУһɱǧٴ̣ӰɽͬȸһɫĴӰչȻ˺ѽâֱӴɱ޵ҵüġ
޵ȫ𣬴һСӣң񽣵תһգ۵ʱ䣬תٴΣڸ߶ȵУݺݺҶе̣ײһ
ֻһ
ٶȷֿ޵ˣ˵ڵվȡ
ҶڿһɣȶסӲûк˰벽
˴ν棬޵ңȻִ˾Ե·硣


451 
Сӵʲôˣ޵˼תͷһΰؾ棬Ҷɱܡ
ôܣεսȻ޵Ҵ·磬ѵ˾۹˫֮һɣҪȻͣôܻ㾪˵ĳɾ͡
þ˵ıжԺ䣬޵ʹõıУǴ˵еĶ˾˷һ˵̣ܹ֮⣬ɼǱ̵ĵȼҲȻ͡
·תû뵽ѪȻôһӵܣȵս֣ǲжˡ
žһ죬ȴǶԶ񼤶һ˿⣬нյķΣ˲Ϊ촷ۣľмָ⻺䡭
˿ѪɱУҲϲ֮⣺ʦܣͽȴǴ̫ľϲ
ҲǲŸո֪Ӿ֮²ǽΣǲὫԼ¶СĨ֮ɫ˿̲ǻɢаȵ˴δ֮Ҫúý̸һˡ
ţʦԲѪɱ΢˼漴ͷ
ۣѪλ֣Ȼǳеϣ
Ѫɱ״ӣҩ֮˾̾һ;ϣҲĿ࣡
ֲĻԴ֪Ĳ֮
ҲֻܹѪλŮ
λ֣ͰɣԪļһˣֵǱ𣡡
Ѫһν˲磬Ҷ޵ν֣ѹ˶ԷһͷνΪѪ˼档
ӾĳϢĹҶ˶δоԪɫ˸ѵѪصĵƣˣ֮£ǾЩˣ
Ļ˿Ҳɫ࣬ҶΪͲ޵֮£ղǷԸҪ飬úдҶĻǸоһĿⲻɸҶѾ޵˹档
С֣ñڶ棬һգҪңܽͷ֮ޣ
Ҷκ޵˫ۼһһľ档
ÿһ˶֪ھûֵء
һǹԪ򸮵ǿ꣬ʾǿߡ
һĹ죬ӵʮǱꡣ
νǧ
תأһƿգںҶײ֮䣬޵ɱ¶ֱ֣ǿԳƾ죬Х¡
һڴ񽣣ҲױȵĳХ֮䣬ŹâֱǳΪһĴڡ
ڽݺ֮䣬νΧ飬۽ǽ͸ʯ̨ʯУǼӲĵ棬ȫΪҡ
޵ҵľ磬ԶԶҶ
߶Ĵ񽣣Ѿ¯֮࣬ɨκζֵĵز
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쳯Ĳ콾⣿ֱ룡Ҷ֪۹˫Ȼ£ȴҲֻǴ½ǱϣȽͨѡ߶ѡ
ĺѡߣ½ǧ֮
ڴ½Ǳˣһһľ֮޵˵˳Щ棬֪Ǳϵˣһʲôˣε棬εľ춯ء
Ϊֹˡ޵ƺ¶ģȫϢɽ纣͵ıԴ棬һȦȦ棬չΣⷢɢƺǿʼ߶ĳ
޵¶֮ɫͫмֺ֮ɫҶǱ󣬸ղӦһ˿Ѿش
ҳϣصĹѵΪƾЩֶΣܹң޵ǺһɺεɱϺɨ֮Ĳ࣬ԶԶ󡣡
֮ӡ⣡£Ǻݺҧ⣬ٴ˺ϵһŷ䣬ͬʱϵѹ˲ǣƬ֮䣬ﵽʵľ磡
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ǿѹȻƾӲȥԻһˡ
ѪСȻҲ֮ţ˴οҲҪԴˣλλʽ֣ȫûаʤġ
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Ĺûκܹ޵ҵٶȡ
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һѪţȻ𣬼һ˶ػ֮ҲᱻǹԪѹסһͷз֮ա
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޵ңʢˣѪˣҴΪͽ䣬ΪֻعҶкһȻ޵ǿнӡʵǣȻȣûа֮ɫ
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454 콾
Ҷ˵һƻ껻Ӱ֮Զʱһŵͽ켼˵켼ǲӦó۹ģ治֪峤Ǵʲôطѧġ
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峤Ĭˣʵַ֮һض棬żȻãһЩȱвȱͨ峤ԼŬݷӰԭ𽥽ġ
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ԣղһĳֽס˵
ѵһֻǸߣѾΪһߣ
뵽èæʵղһУǲʹ
Ҷνĵ˵ͷȻҪȻΪЩʦôɱ𣡡
СӾȻɹˣѹѪҺܽһѣ⣬Ⱑ
èܸˣΪԼһǳϲĵļһΪˣȴû뵽һǵϣȻɹˡ
Ҫ֪½Ĵڣ
ĴڣӵеǱ˵Զ˵
ֻҪ⣬ƾҶǱضܳΪһԵĸ֣浽ʱԼѾõǸźʵֵĿˡ
ǿ뿪ɣЩнٷˣ֯ģɱǵˣǷֻ֣¾Ͳˣϲù󣬺èʼɽӶ֯ȻС
֪Ҷɱ֯ˣԻ᲻һе׷ɱ
ҶȻǸʣɱʾ֮µκδڣڶͬǿߣʵΪǿߣ¾
ϵֵǮĶƤչһպҶֵһˣʬ𼣣˭֪ɱǡ
⵹ҲǣڻǸϽ⼸ʬ崦ɣϾﲻǸ֮أèл˵ߣֱȥ
ҶҲû⣬ǼʬϵЩȼͣȻһһֻһЩʬ壬ܿУΪ˻ҽ
ʬ崦Ҷٴɽǰ˰졭
ʱȴèͻȻӹƬд˳΢ƫСԴҶıӰȻӵûɣ
ҶɬһЦ΢΢ͷ
˵Ϊһӵ˵ߣӦÿκġ
ΪЩ⣬ǰ˼䣬Ҳ޷Զµ䣬޷߶ڵ
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ɫЩӵҶèǳǳüһЩε̾һ½ϣʵ䣬ŸƣҪڣҲҪиָĿˣйֽɣ
˵⻰èצᵯһͨʺ֮ɫĹӾᣬצС
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˵ˣڽĹ֮ǰΪⲿˣʲôоһҶһᣬһĨ֮⡣
Ҷı飬è˷ۣèһɨѰ˸ɽƮ˽ȥȻʾҶþʯɽסֳ˼һᣬ΢֣صĿڵ벻
ȣô϶ⲿҾһҶͷڨڨĵԶѰѪҲû䣬˵ҪŪ䣬½Ƿǳϡġ
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ôѲںңźè飬ҶɵЩʵֻҪһȼ͵㣬Ҳûϵ
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ЦһèҡҡͷεĵⲿˣһûܻʮģҲû˭֮ԣóȻ䣬Сʮа˾ţⲿ桭
ôΣգһҶЦ㲻ᡭợҵİɣ
èҡҡͷǿɬ㿴ҵӣڻô
ЦӣҶЩԸ䣬ڵ˵ʵ̫ջˡ
Ҫλᣬֻ²֪ʲôʱ򣬲ҵʺ䡣
˰ΣҶŵܷ˵˵Ϊⲿ䣬ôΣ
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Ҷ۾΢Уżž
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ݴ˵֮ոմ𾳽֮ʱƾһпռ֮УֱӻգΧʮǿߣͳͳ֮УΪճè΢Щɳƣ
Ҫ֪Сռ֮Сֻǡ˾棬ڵ׵츳ͨǵ׵츳ͨܰʮǿߣ֮С治츳ͨ츳ͨǽǺεȿֲ
˼ĺèҶҲǱӽӲֻǿһе׵ͨȻһʮλͬǿߣ
飬ûҲûŹ
ҵ
⵽ǲʲô䣿
ҶڵʵֶξʩҲһ壬ͬʱӭսͬǿߡ
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˼ңһʮҪ⻰ֻصĺèԣҶҲţϻţˣ
Ȼⲿ䣬޴ΣգȴǱĽ֮½Ϲ֮⣬½ûĶ֡è̾
Ҷͬܵĵ˵ͷⲿ˾ټԼֶΣʱ򣬾ԽսҲûпܰɣ
ЩĶҶèһ£ʵڣ㻹ⲿô
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ڡⲿ䣬˵ģҶܲ
Ͼ䣬½ֵȼߵ䣬
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ƬޱߵĴ½ϣõ䣬ټϺõ츳һ۷ǿߡ
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˫ֽĽһҶϣԵЩ粻ɡԥϾ
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Ǹϵϵȥ֮ȴһź
һźһѪ顣
ҶӳصʱʲôûΨһѪ顣
һʵʵôҲүһӣԸܻػʸ忴ɡ˵èƳһҶЦҲ֪үź޷Ҳֻһ죬ܽԼλİڽʸðɡ
Ҷüͷǲ˵Ϊӣ˼ԸҲ㡭


461 
ٺ٣ȻָоУɲǵֻǰѪ飬һʵʵΡèЦЦг˹ɫ
˵£Ҷεֵ̯̯˵ɣ㾿˵ʲô
˵ôֻ࣬һʵѣȻ㻳һЩʵֵͷô͸ùʵ뷢չǱè죬Щζ½ʮıɺǿֲʮ֮ӵܣҲӵЦͬʵ츳һģԽսͬˮԷףڵʵЩӵܵĲ࣬ʵ̫޴󣬾ӵжҲǿģ
΢УҶ˫֣
ǸʵΪ磬ʵϣʸǺ̬ȣҲᵽˣܹ֮Ӹµ㣬ΪʵҶģèĳ̾Ϣʸ徭ķչϵǴ۸ӣĻҪֲٱԣѱϵӵܣǵУλֻ±֮ϣҪ硣ʹŽܳ츳Ҳ̫ӣʸӵ˷ǳԶŵĴУ֮У̫ྪž޵ţõʸϿɣүӵԸͲܷκһǿĻᡣ
Ҷӣżô˵Ǹûˣ
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˵èСèƣЩõľᣬݵҶǰ
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Щ˼ɵͷͳͳ˦ȥҶϣһ˿õЦݣںè΢ɫУһץסǾɫľᡭ
ֻèԼϰ䣬ȻΪʹҶøǿ϶ʲôΪ֪Ŀġ
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Ƹոմźɫᣬ߱ǻΪһɫĹâֱĹҶԴ֮С
ţҶֻһκԼȻͻȻһĮ硣
֪ʲôطԼҲƯһƬ޾֮УΧһƬɵģɫеĵط
ΪĴڣ˰Զ㽥ˣֻܿԼ԰֮ڡ
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ȻܸܵЩ׻ɵޣǿ󣬵һ̣ȴɵֻۣЩһֱǰܡ
أҲͻȻʼ仯Ļɫγһ˵ķ籩ֱЩޡ
ޣڷ籩֮УΪâӶʧȻȴһЩޣǿʵԽ籩ʧңԶʡ
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棬һǺ˻һ䣬ӦǾħ档
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ʲô˼Լ֮飬ô
뵽ҶܵĽַ֮ϣʱһϢֱۣУ֮飬˱֮ԴһĹ֮ء
ߣزٿκԵС
Ҷֵһ˲䣬ͷһԺĹڡ˾ϢˮһӿԺУҲףʲôطˡ

ĵط
ֻǣ֮ΪĵطһԼҪ
У֮ô뿪
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Ҷ˿ȥ֮ǰƺҪԵøһЩϣŵĹ󡭡
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ֻйⲿûΣ֮ʱȴ⶯ãҶεҡҡͷ̧Ц˾󣬵ڷԼߵݡڲܶ£Ժ˵Խսˣһͬߣܲȡʤ⡭
ڵȻʹãÿһνʹ壬츲صı仯޸ʣô˵òʧأèЦŰοһԺȲѣǵöͱɴ䣬ѣؾȫսپؽأǷ̺֮ܣ
Ҷ˵ͷӣƺеơ
ҶģӼΪĺèεҡҡͷֻôѪĵ㽫Լڵں֮ٴһ켼켼ʹãʵһ¥
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ںһԼڵǿߣǹԹԵĴҪͷ


462 
ԼԺĹµè˵£֪ʲôԼʲôô
Ժèļʶܸ˵ס
è˵֮ʱûһ㾪ȵı飬ֻ˵ɹеġ
Щ˵ҶʯʼЩϢ˰ΣͻȻɨ˺èһۣڵʶôˣ㵽û֣
ǰˣСڡèһèЩƵҾ֣ʵڹѷģԲû㡭
ҶꡱһǿеЦ⣬ⳤΣʵСڣҲеģΪʹԺүٻʱ򣬸һ㣬ǽèɣϾǰڹĹʱҲƺԼ
èʱèϲ⣬ҶҲһЦŵèм֪һʲôʽڵģڶʲôҳΪˣʲôĺô뻵
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һĳʶӦģʵϣȴЩΪıδ״̬Ǵڻʱڣûй㻮ֹȻҽȿ
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ֻҪһʶԺ֮УȷͿˡè
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ԼĪġʮӺҶͻȻ˫ۣ˶ڴ֦
屶ʱ䣬ȹʱ䣬ʵУ屶Ҷ˷ܵվ𣬽ץסè֮£鼤쳣
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ʱѾҹʱ֣֮Ҷ𼤶飬ûнʱ֮飬è
֪֪Լ֮ӵʱ֮ᣬʱԼСԱסֻǸè˵ǽһϴĳ߳˶Ѩ
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ȻèȻҶĻЩ٣ôҲ뵽ڵ֮УȻһʱ֮ᣡ
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Ҷɽһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ɽΧ㲻Σգٲϵȼܸߵޡ
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ҶˣɵͷȥȻڰҵĵطһֻëҰСĵĿܣҶʱվ֮ϣ¸ֻҰ
Ұһޣʵ൱һʦߣɱķСҶԺийҰѶϢͬýݵشɽֵУĵسҰȥ
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ޣܵ͵ģϾҰζǲġ
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ҶһЦֱӺɢУһץסҰĲӣȻһ
ֻ꣡һ죬ͷѵݷᣬҶҰһףڵز£Ͳٶˡ
ɱһֻͽޣҶԣѡ
ڲö£ǾԲõġ


463 
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Ҷᳵ·ӼϽһ½ͷȫƿһ̣һŲ۵ɫˣҶһڲݵϲ£ӽè
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ҶǳεҰϵëȡҰȡ
⿳һЩ֦ҶӻһʻһӣһŻˣһ׵ؿܣʼ˼ȡ
ѧϰҰ漼ܣҶǰҰӪʱı޿γ̣ïܵĴ֮УҲûа㲻ʡ
֪ʱèѾ޺˫۷ŹضŻϵļȣû뵽տǰѺ֣⼦յýģ˿ˮ
Ѿı𳶿⣬㣬ʲôʱܽô޺ˣɲܰҰҶƲƲ֮ݵ֭ҺʱζŨˡ
Щˡ
Ϊֻèֻʳö޺ˣܽһʹ޺ˣȫˡ
ѾģѾʮö޺ˣû˿ҪķӦҶᡣ
бֻèƵĸо
ɽΧͺ޻޺˵ޣ͸ǿˡ
ܴʮö޺ˣѾҶ켸ҹԲȵȫջˡ
죬ʵЩۣҲЩˣѡֻҰ֡
ֻȣҶһֻ׸è
ҿζ治èһ˷ܵسţһߺҶʵҲҲĶЩʲô޺ˣ߼һö޺ˣһֻʦǵ޺ˡЩ޺˵棬ϡ٣Ҳ࣬ʱַҪܴЩߵȼ޺ˣڵڶûаҪķӦô
˲ûа򣬾ССԹҶһ
ҪǿֻèԼ˾ķϣҶֿĳ嶯
˵磬ʵʵȫɱʼޣҪߣЩߵȼ޺ˡè꼦Ⱥ󣬿ͰҶ
֪ҶһֺЦΪɽۼҺ԰˵ܹ𣿡
ǾΧΧĽ紦ߣҸұ֤ԲΣյġҶڳһûĿܣèɶ֮顣
è࣬Ҷȴ˿ѵŹ֣Ҫ֪ô޺ˣܽҾǽˣҲǿ
˵꣬ҶèĿࡣ
ֻҰ֮ҶôҶ֮ãȻڼϣֱӳɽ
ҶĶЩèͻȻһУȻЩ
֪ɭ棬ÿһͶһΣʵո˵ǻǲûбϣû뵽ҶΪٴա
ʵֻȫ˽Ҷ
ҶԸǣ˽У͸У˳͸ıƣ͸ıơ
è˹Ĺְһ
ԣèҪɶ޺ˣᾡΪġУȻЩڣЩΣЩﻢµĸо˭Ҷˡ
ɽΧ߶ֻҪԼСģٲΣա
ΪΧһ޻߳˻ޣһ㶼ЩĻɫѶҶв
ǡɽΧɾȫһˣ޻Ҫ
ϵÿһӵвƵļֵ
Ȼڵ޺ˣ˷
Ҷܱߵش޻ĺĵش
̶죬⵽˴νɱ
һ죬ɽǰǧף⵽һΡ
ڶ죬ɽǰʮ֮硢СȻһ⵽νɱ
⵽ĴΣ;УҪĵУֻ⵽ЩɱߵĶˡ
ȻԽǿ޻ĺĵشЩϲɱˣԽࡣ
ҺҶèİ£Բ̽Χ׵ķΧԶǰ˴βĽɱҶҲоգ˹
ڣѾҶɽĵˡ
ľǾ޻ĺĵشӦúܽˣƲǽ죬죬߳ɽΧִĺĵش
Ҷ̧ͷΧľÿһֱֲӷӦ޵ԽʵǿޣԽϲռԪŨĵط
ԪŨĵطֲȻҲ͸ïʢ
ֻԽǳïܵг͹ԽӽΣգŸոչȥ죬ߣҶ˿и
ɽ꣬ð߽зɱ¾
뵽Ҷ겻ѣǿߣɽΧԳưԣ
ΧߣֻҪһͷʵǿޡΪʾĽɱߣ㶪Сˡ
СġʱСèɫһ䡣
ôˣҪɽΧΧҶǲĿè
ǰӷ򣬶״ʮðߣǿߣĸèֱҶڿı䷽򣡿죡
ɽôãɱߣζܣҶҲоˣֱת䣬Ѹټ٣뿿Լ˵ٶȣ֮زز
ɸոձʮףȴèɫٴ΢䣬ͣ
Ҷ΢΢һٵֹͣŵ׼˻ҳԵЩǱƽһӣѯʵôˣ
ǰҲʮɱߡèУӿֳһ˿ء
Ҷȴüͷôùͬʱɱ߶˰ɣٸı䷽򡣡Ҷֱӣû˿ͣ٣ٴת䣬߼ٶȥ
ɵոŲƤʮףԶݴǣȻһȺӰͬʱһҲһȺӰѸٷɱ
ɨһۣǳͳһĳҶ֮أΧɱ
ҵȻʮˣΪС㣬ӽΧɱǲ̫¡˵㣡Ҷ΢΢ɵۣȻȻŵף쪵ٶȡ
ãЩɱУȻһʣٶԶ졣èд鷳ˣˣЩɱߵ죬ٶȣܰ
ҶҲˣͷһǸٳԼӰɲΪԷڿԼϣûʲôõĶ󣬻飬ĽɱߣǾԲŹκһڵġ
ô죬ٶȱ̫ˣȥƣٹ塢ӣͻ׷㡣èҶԺ𡭡
塢ӣ٣㻹濴ңٶȣƲӣ׷ˣʱұɻ󡣡ҶһͻȻһתӣһߣһȥ
棬飬ʮ⣬ֿ׷׷ǸʦǿߣҶֻʮ׵ľˣЩɱߣҲϰ׵ľ롣
ɻֻҪҶǸһ裬ͻᱻӿĽɱߣû
ʲôĽɱߣϾҪ׷ˣôһȥèĴɻУҶ־ٶ·
ҶȴûèĻ˫ǰǰһĶˣףֻҪӵʤ
ӣû˿ͣ٣èֵıУҶȻֱӸ£˲û˺֮С
ʮ񸩱۵
Ӻڶ±Ե֮һǸ˹ʩľ죬һǲǱɵˣ
ǲǱɵˣǱǸɵӣ֮ףСȥʬ޴ˡ΢΢Ϲ⣬ȫźºڼ׵꣬ȻڵСӲŸոմɽΧߵҲûõˮ̣Ȼ£ҲˣȥɽΧԡ
ʮӰѸٷء
룬֮һʯϡ
ҶЩɱߣһһȥ֮ҲһЦҺøղܵĹ죬һˡ
ºһ˲䣬Ҷ±һťʱֻһ죬ֱӴ䴦һھʯϣĩˣϵһɫϸС
ⶫڹؼʱ̣Ҷһ
һĻèĿɿڴôҲ벻Ҷϣ򵥣ȴʵޱȵĶ
Ķǰǰ϶ǲмһˣڿҶӳĹ֮ȴԶ⣬һ˿档
ʵ벻ףҶǻһʲô뷨ƳĶ
ѵȼ֪֮Լµһգ
֪Ҷ֮ԻֶֻΪǰ˷ᣬ֪Ҫθˡ
ڵҶûè뷨˿ͬʱҲ룬ղһ㣬Ҳûһ㷴أʱΪ˻ֻȫһˣ
һӵС˾Ϣܾþͻɽй¶ȥ
֪䣬½ϣ˷ı
ʱ򣬲ֻǿߣﵽʥ֮ǿߣѶ
ǿߣֻڲϣҶſԶǵ׷١
ɴﵽ𾳽Щ̬ֻҪǽֲʶһţɽĳڴ׽ҶӶûطӣ
붯Ҳںҹһʹã뽫ˣɱĸɸɾԲһڣǽϢȥ
èġ˾ѾΪ½һɰĴڣÿһ½֯ǹ硢Ӷ棬йڡ˾ļ
ԣϣʵ̫ˣ֪Щͨˡ
غ룬ղһĻΧǲȥˡ
û취ҶֻܳɽΧ
ԽΧȻðߵĶ飬Ҳ͸ӵܼǿˡ
ҲԲʹΧĽɱߣΧ֮ʱҪࡣ
ǣǧҪΪΧΧȫɱȻˣǵʣȴ˷츲صı仯ĽɱߣʵΧĽɱߣֹǿһΡ
ֻҪҶκһӽɱߣܾҪ޶ˡ


464 Σķ
ɽΧҶѾǰ˴Ű죬ϹâҲٹСʱҪˡ
ԭϯض׼ĿڤҶ˫ȻֱӳǰȥǰֻһƬҵľԣҲҶѡõϢط
Ӳݻ߾ڲһޣ¾ǿԷ
طôǰҶݿԪصĲȷ˲ԶһЩͽ׵ڻ
뵽ҶһϢԱԵ͸ҵľ⣬Щ˫۷̹ķǣǰš
·ߣǳԼ￿ҶеǰһèѾ䵽Լϡ
ǣޣȺޣģŲһֻӦȺ棬СĲˡԺдèԼĻУҶ֪뷨
ֻèȺ֡
һ⣬ȴҲһޱȵĺ⡣
ǵ޺ˣèĽɱһķǣٿԵõʮöϵ޺ˣèҲ޺˵ļ£ʦ޷
ɽΧǿ˵ʵ͵ޣǣɱޣҪȫĶࡣ
ҶðյļƻҲû̫顣
èҶķСʱ͵͵̽ǰ·;ϣǲ䣬кֵһǰ䣬нǧֻǡ
һ٣ֻֻǿ
һ壬ʹͨķǣǶޣеľӢ󶼴ﵽļ޵ı׼ǵ죬Ǵﵽ弶޵ĵزǿԿǿߵĴڣʵҪǣеѰè͸¶Ρ
֪è˵ʵڴսҶϲеĶʱɲ֮ӲƴôֹƵУȡʤ֮
ʵֻҪʮͷļķǣͿԲ꣬ߣοͷﵽ弶ͷǡ
ʮͷļǻ弶ϣҶǱɡ
ЩǣΨһİ취ˮԴ֮¶
ïܵĴ֮Уײɼģֻ¾Ǹֶ桢붾ˡ
ⶾɲôµİèУ͸¶˿ЦÿһȺǵˮԴΪʥ֮أǽˮӣôƤ£ǵˮԴ¶
Ҷվ֮ϡȻһƬƽɽ棬мͷǿ׳ķǣΧǵˮ̶ĴѲš
è˵û£ܹȥ¶Ҿ˶ЩǣȻ̲࣬ҲԲٺֶˮˡ
Ȼ²ǻʲôϽƹȥҶƵķ°ۣ򲻹²˶֮⣬ʲô
ƹȥèôΣŸո̤ɽΧıԵ˼Σߣ˵ЩʵֲˣЩ˵Ļݲݣ͹㶪Сˣԣɽ棬ֻйС޲䣬Ψһķ֮·
гӣȫ֮ߣ˵Ҷֻ֪è޵ķʸֻڽɽ֮ǰѾĳЩͷҪȻҲˡ
Ҫµģֻ£ȻһսܷɹؼͿˣҾҵˡ֪ΪʲôҶèУ˽թ
ģһֻҰèȴЩĸֱ飬˷ѽ⣬Щϰߣ
δ֮ʱҲҹɫŨʱ
ɽ֮У䲿ΧȻصĹֽһȺԼֻȫŶ̼棬һ·еĳǲ䣬ɽ֮С
Щ̼׳棬ֻЩһޣΨһĹֶΣϵĶ
ֳζޱȣһմϣ춼࣬ɭޣЩһԶ֮ȻǣɱǣԼֽš
еȺǣǺƺ뿿Щ棬⼸棬ȴħһ㣬ƴһȥ
Щ¼΢ĵĳ棬ȻǷһȨһֻǣצӣͳ˹ȥЩȵһ˲䣬ͱ˺õķ顣
ǣѪս
⻰Ȼ١
ʱǲ俿ˮ̶ȴͨͨˮȻŭƺȺݡˮ̶Ϣ
ʶм˷ǣȻˮ̶Ѿʮֻ棬ڻӾˣˮ̶ˣһ˵а겻ܱˡ
ŭɱ˷ǵӡ
ŭķǣеıˮ̶ĳ棬÷飬ʧȥˮԴǣҪǨ㣬ѰµϢء
µϢأɲôҵģɽõˮԴͲ࣬࣬޲ռˣζδѰҺˮԴ·;Уǽһμ
ڼڣûҵʵˮԴ䣬ܻȫ
ȻҲȥͶЩȺ䣬ǣǷǳ߰޵ģ˱죬ǲκȺͳġ
ŭͷԵķǣʼĴѰӦýֻмֻ棬Щĵĳӣÿγ֣ǳɰǧġ
ȻǷϱߴԼһǧԶĵطм׾ɫӰ¹ǵţǲκ޵Ķһ̼׳档
Ҳ룬ʮͷǣһ㣬ǼֻȥһЩСķǣʼˮ̶еĳʬǡ
һЩĶ̳ˮ̶˵һָҲڶɹһûϢصε֮»ص
ʱһֻթӰɽȱǱ룬ǵоۼأ
ʱеǿ׳ǣһзɳۣڳ棬Щֶǵɢи
ǿ֮ǰЩ棬ֻãȻĴƺҲ֪ŵΪλܻǡôڷɱһ֮󣬺һų
ÿ٣ʮֻֻʱֻġֻȴҰݰ̣ɱһһ
ɱڶʮҲǴԼֻʱЩ̵ķǣʶЩˣʱ뿪䣬ѾǧԶѾɽȵˡ
֫ͷԼ򵥵ǣûа̫أֻһ㵭ӰѹͷȻŹԵʹһ档
ڣǵһοʹЩףһࡣ
վһ߸ߵĲϣȼһʪݣʪȼԺɢЩʹЩĳ棬ͬһ㣬ǵϢؽ
Ҷվʪҹ֮УоɢŶζĳ棬ֱſŻèԼõ𣬻Ķģ
һ·ϣһȼʮѣЩ棬Щѵ£äĿĳһص㹥
ַʽɽĳǣɹ˳
Ȼصľˮ̶¶һ裬èҲϣҶ֮ʵļмƣɽķǣҲŭ̶ֳȡ
͵ϮҲɡ
Ȼ¶֮ƣѾɹˣĳ˵ǲѾˣҶҪǵԼöնɹĻȥ
ǲ죬Ȼһͷﵽ弶ͷǣּͷǣԿʣǰ벽ۣ˿̵۾ðҶȥԴķǣҲѪ顣
ɻֻҪ׷ϣҶĽЩûʲôǱŭ˺ķ顣
ɾʱһĸоͷǵзڣһֱ࣬򵥡
ǺǾòҪɱңҶ˳ɽϣҹ磬ͷǵĶУҲ
ŭֻԼ˲ղһֱͷĲУͬʱͷţһ˲䣬µˣ֮ơ
ҶצȻջأͷѪһƫܹҶӣΪɲסĹԣǰͣҶǰ
ͷǲתףֹЩǣֻЩǵĳ棬ܽҶȵķ顣
оצľ磬ԼӹҶа̾è˵û仰Ȼñŭķסֻ֣ģԺ£ǵûУʵ̫ˡ
ʱҲûɶ˼ȥ룬èΪλǵԣֻǿԼͬǺڣ˳ȥ
ҶͷǷһŭǺҶȻҲܲµ϶ڡǺ˵顣
ƥͷǣȫëⷢڣצӣǿ׳֫¶׵õЭԣһֻմ˳ʬצӣ֤սʱʼճڵһߵġ
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ģ֤ʵˣһ
ͷ۾ͨ죬ѪצҪӵҶԴ֮ϣצӣںڰ˼£˻ȥҧһѽҶڱϣȻ󶶶֫ɿȥ
ǣҲͷһļǵظȥ֮䣬ûٷһǺÿͷǿ׳ǵУ˵ġûڣԼ־塣
ûκǵĲ䣬Ѿƿ֮أ֪ж࣬ڵȴǹ˵˼߷ǵʬ塣
ЩķǣּУһӣʯ֮ϣÿͷǵ棬һľ׮ʣֻҪʯϵһϣʯϵķǣᱻϵľ׮һһ̴
Ȼƿһеģ࣬Ȼһֻ¶ŻЦݵҰè
ǷǵϢأȻһֻССҰèˣ
ʵڳǵ񣬸оҲ̫˵㡣


465 ǽ
ҵˣҾɱѺҶͷǣһɽȣһצҶ֮ڵϣǰצϣʯϵèһǺ
ûκλشèҲֻЦЦ
ҶȻͷǵĺУʲô˼Ҳ֪ʱˣһҪЮֻֻèһöӣǿûи飬ҲˣҲգһ۾
ҶĹǽУͷȻˡ
ʯһֻסӵСУֻƥСǵУˮ˳
ʱһ΢һķǣԶԶĳèе΢ҰèȻϮǵϢأΪʲôûеɱǵ壬ѵ㻹ʲôͼ
ҸҪɱǣèʼ򣺡ǵѪû޺ˣҲҪǣֻҪЩǿ׳ķǣеͶҵĻɱҾͷǵ˺ͺӡ
Ұè˵ƾ㣡ͷǷŭĺУֻҰèŹеķǡ
èһνûѡˣҲҪǸʯϵǲ䣬ͻȥУأľԣú׵ɣ
è˵һֻèצҪӡ
һ£ͷ̺ͣ۾ȺһͷСǣ֮¶ţ̾˿ôԱ֤Źǣ
èǰ֫߸̧𣬸һצӣһҾ͵һǿڷµǳװȫ֮ٽһףһһ˭ҲԿ
èе˼Ҷüͷèǲ̵̫㣬ֻҪڵ޺ˣ³ˣûҪȫɱɣ
̣èٺЦ磬ǸǿʳᣬҪ䵽ЩǵУʲô³ǱǷֶʳֱ֮צ˺ʮߡ˿飿
֪ԵʴȣǶԼ̣ɿЩĲ̡˵ҶҲҵһ˵èΪè˵Ļֺ顣
ҶĬèͻȻ̾Ϣˣģ̫ˣֻµȻҪЩûз֮ķ֣ҲܲԸ㲻Ҫھˣ
˵èͻȻͷǷһ֨֨Ľ
һɽķǣ΢΢һţȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ
໣һͷǣͻȻͷ󺰣ȫӿִİɫߵ㣬ߵǵˮеīһɢһƬɫëƤһ㵭Ĺâ
Ƭ֮Щâ㼯γһöĸָСĽᾧ壬˶צץסö޺ˣߵèǰ
ϣ˵ȡǵ޺֮󣬾ͲҪ˺ҵȺ³޺˵ķǣԴϣö޺ˣʯСǣΪǲǷһδϣ
ãҽҪ⽫һΪĽףè˵ţͬʱע⵽ҶȻı飬ǳȻҪҪȡһЩƤ޵Ƥëڴ½ϣҲǹӦ󣬼ֵǳİ
޵ƤëҶ΢΢ЩĶʵʵǽ˵뷨ΪϵһռָռŪЩ޵Ƥë˳ȥҲһʲջ
뵽ҶʱҰèЩǽס
ȻǳںȺҰèʱǼûпǣͽռƤë˳
һǰѻɽƤëҶȴǺ֮˿ռָ֮С
ĿռƷǷ½ֻҲûжӵаɡ
ԶԼռָռ飬Ҳ֪
ںèûҪ
ιŪЩǵƤëèĵ˵ҿ֪һѵĹٸЩ޵ƤëжӣҪŪЩȥüǮ
ˣҶȻܾˣҪŪЩǵƤë͵õɱǣΥĳˡ
ңղһѵƤëǳȼߣǧ֮Ѿռ˿ռָ治ٵĿռ䣬ҶɲԼĿռָ棬Щ޵Ƥëռ
èƺϵˣʼ򣬼ලǲĻȣò˵Ȼѱб̰ŰԼȺȴԵҳϣкԡ
Ϊ˻ȡǵĴԸԼʮ޺ˣֳΪ´׵ǣԾɡ
èҲʮֵĹƽΥ磬ִһһĽÿһöǵ޺ˣͷŵһͷǻǡ
Ҳߵǿ׳ǣǵ޺ˣףȺУҲûʲô壬λãʹ֮ģĻᣬͷǷսսɣҲɳߡ
ַǣ֮еһ١
ʮͷǿ׳ǵΧ£ܵǵȺҲȡڵ޺ˣΪڵ޺ˣҲԻһͷǵ
һȺ棬˳ǿ׳֮⣬صľУУϣЩŸոճУȻһÿһΪδǿߣôϣ
ϣδõȨ
èĹƽ̺˳ǽ޺˵ķǣһһ³˳èļƻ⽫³޺֮ٳѪϴɽȡ
Ҷʵ壬òڵõʮöǵ޺֮󣬴Ҷٶȣ뿪
ҲҲǵĲ̡ǵĹ¼šǵͣκޣҲġ
ÿǺݺݵضסһĿ꣬ͻƶᡢרһĿģ򲻰ݡ
Ҷè޼ɵȡôǵںˣ˭֪Ǵ֮󣬻ʲôľٶ
Ҷè̤ɽȵһ˲䡣
һһֱǱԲĺӰϢƮȻˣͬԻõӰһҶӶȥ
ͻϮҶȻеһ˱ܳԱ߷㣬ͬʱתͷ󷽿ȥֻһɫӰгһУֱӳԼ
зĺ⣬Ҷͷһ˫Įֳɱ۾Ҷһ
ÿٶȡҶʱĺ˵Ѿӵ˼ǵӰȻ죬Ǳ˸źڹУѾǰ
ֻϣһ
Ҷֳֵһơ
ӰеУݺݵظҶеһֻײþִһȫ˿ѵĵƬҶӣһѪ˿
ǰδеǿУҶȻҧѪǳͻأس߰˵ѪУֱն˺Ӱ
ҶʵȫĬУеôǿ󣬵߰˵ǺӰ֮ʱֻ׺Ӱһڹоɢˡ
ӵкڰߣҶģһӾͽ⻹һƳߡ
ȻӵкڰߣߣΪĴڣǴġ
߰˵УȻûеסӰҲӰ΢һ£ΪҶӮһ˿ѵôϢ֮һתˣ֮ͬ෽Ծ
ǵӰͬӦ죬ԸٶԾҶ
ʱӰڰյУȴѾҶ˹ǱźɫâУƿնĿ꣬ȻҶಿλ
ʱҶԺ֮ǰɽһЩʬ壬ЩˣҲ౻̶ġ
ȻЩ˵˳ڴ֮֡ȻþĻӷǹȶò޺ˣҲˣ񡣡Ӱʮ㣬ʵҲ׾ٵɱҶóȻ͵Ϯ֮£Էûзء
ԴԼؿڵУеҶ޷㣬ֻ˲򵥵ķֶΡ
һɫֻа׺棬λá
νֻøʹ࣡ӰһУȻԸٶȣ浱УںӰԣֵͼֶΣûʲôá
ȻҶΪķСеĹҲֻܼһٶȣȴ޷ֵ
ҶͻȻеؿһʹûѾ̴
ɾʱֻһֲļХèͻȻ˺ӰԣſèצȻһצץںӰϡ
ֻһĲҽУǺӰӣȻè˳
˫۱ڣʹ࣬ӰˣεĲҽܵջ˴ҶУ˫Ѫģۿףڵ˹
һе֣èΣٴһܣ͵˺ӰǰӰʶѲ׽ֻҰèӰһǳֵͷ⣬ʲô
ԲֻͨèޣΪ˿ֲָļƵҰèδ˵
ӦֻҰè֣Ӱǿ֮ʹðɫ֣Ҫٵ
ɾʱͻȻӦ֮ǰǸԼƵûа㻹֮СӣӰȻԻ͸еһʹһֻźɫƣѺݺĺ֮ԼΪĺڰ֣Ҳơ
ֻ꣡зĶϹ𣬺˵ľѱҶһ룬Ѫɼ䣬˵Ҳȫȥӣĵ˵ϡ
ʱҶҲһȭ֮ӣ䵽˵棬ؿڵѪȻȾ½󣬵ҶҲ˿
Ǵؿڵ˿ڣĵһ󷢺ԼķԶˣԷУô֣ԼСƾҪˡ


466 ڰ
ԼǰιЩ޺ˣҲûװ˷ѣղţҪèðȣֱ񡣡ٺҶɿԼè
ʱèëϽѪèצ֮ϣǻЩѪɫĩһڲݵһҶ΢΢Щŵôûưɣ
ãֻ˵ƤӦòΣСҶЦèèԼˡ
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Ҷһֱè˷޺ˣںò״һᣬôŹҶ
ҶȴһЦô˵ллˡ
ؿڵһɲ˿ڣҶа̾ѣڰߵĹȻ̬һʵҲλʶѣȻԽԼûл֮ĵزԺЩӵߣɵҪСˣ
ʱè䵽Ǹµʬϣ̾ڰߵǱĿ£ǵĶĿɹ͵ϮҲ㣬κһǿߣλʣִɱ֮£Ҳѡ
ҶҲףҪսУƾʵӦòڰߵģڶԷ˽ͻϮ֮£ҶҲֻǱ
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ڰߣߣȽϡٵĴڡ
ӵйڰԵߣǸĶɴ˿ɿǵǱ
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Ҷɻôˣ
һǸеĽɱߣĶءè˷ָµʬ壬èУ⡣
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Ƶĺ£иװİ
һʵͨλʣҲڴ֮£֣һһ·ǰɱ˲ð̽ߣвصı϶١è΢Ц˵
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ʱֻèҧסǸһԾҶǰ
һĻҶҲԾֻ̾ҰèĲôٶȣȴǹģǸɱߵٶȣȻҪèϲ٣è֮ǰһֱǰĹƬ֮СǸɱ߳УԼǰ֮ʱèͻȻ˽ͻϮ˵ˣֻ¾ǿߣҲ޷ӦҲѹǸɱߣһ棬ͱèȥӡ
ʱèеŰ˦ҶУе죬򿪼һ£浽ʲô
ҶҲЩʲôЦŽӹͨڣָй⻬ʲô޵ëƤɡ
Ҷ⿪Ʒһ˲䣬۾һȻƵģ⣬㣬һ㣬·ģһ㣬һЩֲ꣬һ㣬ǷƷġ
ĶݵһҶǲɵһ
һﵽɱ˶ˣҶˣ棬˵Ķֻ˵Щ޺ˣȻʮö֮࣬УöȽϸߵȵ޺ˡ
޺ɢϢжϣǼöȽϸߵȵ޺ˣҲ嵽޵޺ˣӵ޺˵ޣ൱ʵǿ߰
ģֲôˣϲɽɱߣԭһУǱҶһ˷ܣȻɱߣҪСĻرҲаοˡ
ʱèʼһö޺ˣͬʱֱ޺˵ĵȼ
ֱ޵޺ˣèԣˮס
̶һġʮö޺ˣͱϡ
޵޺ˣһʮö޵޺ˣһʮţġ弶޵޺ˣö޵޺һţܹʮö޺ˡ
ҶеԼ࣬ڡͨͨţһ޺˵Ȼڷǹõģһ㣬ϣȴǴ󳬹Ҷ޺˵ܺ͡
˵εջ񣬱ڷǹõķ޺ˣҲضá
ʮö޺ˣżֵİңļֵһңǼΪѵõѩƤëֵֻܼ²ҡ
Ҷ֣ҲһȻɽ֮ʱֻһɱߵջ񣬾ôࡣ
Լأ
Ϊܹһʮҵ˰գԼ͵ģΪ֮
Ǹأ빺һƷʵ޺ˣƾ㾡мҲԴյǸ
һɱߣɽŶ̶̼룬ѳһʮľ롣
½֮ϣͨ˵Ĳ𰡡
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ҽɽҲ̶ʮɣջ񣬾ǱҶϼʮ룬Ҳ϶ٰɣҶЩڴóˡ
ҶҲԺ󲻿ÿôķ򣬶ԽǴķʵҲԽǿԼξͲ㶪
ղһĻҶؿڵ˿ڣԼϱƬƵ˿ڣвһɺ⣬ãҲǺڲа
ҪȻԲɣһڵǾ͵òʧˡ
ʱһƳХӷɽȣңң
ţһһХϵ
һʱ䣬Ƭ֮У·ХĳһХ˸ǲ֮С
ȻǺ˵Ҫնݳ鷳ˡèХ΢΢Щڡ
ҶüͷĿңңÿɽ
ХĲһ˫˫͵۾ںڰĸ֡
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󷽣Ѿ˷ǵ¡
Ͻ߰ɣǵĺ·ѾǰԮǸ¾ˣֻǰˡè˵꣬ȿΪһӰɽȥ
Ҷ򽫺˰Ķú󣬲Ÿèһͬɽ
ҹҹ磬дɽϢ֣֦ҡҷ
أһСһӰӹ˲ûɭ
šɳɳϸݵҶ֮ϵķǣ˵ơ
һαȺϮˡ
ԴӷǹڣССѾȺϮʮˡ
ڣҶЩˣ
֪нյ³ӦèǸǹǣˡ
ߣҶͬеèЩ֮УҲڽһΣﵽʿ޷ĵȼ
˿̣͵¹⣬ϣʹ⻬׵ƤëǶһ⻪
èббһù֮ϣЩè֮ϣƣŭ⣬ؿèצһ
ҵս֮󣬴һͷ߼ǵ棬ģСӣޱȵչ¶һֽĹʽ
һ·ϣҪèƴȣҶҲֻ²ЩʵĿˡ
ǰףǾͲˡʱèͻȻҶԺ
ΪʲôҶ΢΢Щ졣
è˰ֵǰǸߵ޵أЩλ΢ķǣٷҲսߵ޵ȨٸһɣȻǽŻߣ
ţġҶͷմѪƣ΢΢һһɫĹƬ
ˢһȥڿȻΪǧ¡
ʱ֮أһƬƬ޵Ļѡ
ҽеǺ˷ʮֻ׷ɱǵķǣյ⽹ۣһڵĵ˻С
Ҷ˿ˣЩûӦǸϽ߰ɡ
šè˵ͷЩߵ޵ĻȻʹǱܿǵ׷ɱǽҪԵΣգܱǰʮ׼а
İɣֵ淨ұΪáҶƽƣڵĹ⻪һ̣彥һڵĹâסΪһʵʵĺɫļס
ʵǴﵽλʵı־
ЩȻÿնƴɱҲûһôսнһѵֶΡ
ÿսҶèͻȻʧһʱ䣡
èȻǻ˹Ƭռ䣬ȥ޺ȥˡ
Ҷֱӽʱ֮ᣬ淴屶ʱ䣬пٵĻָ
ҪȻ츳ٺãҲԲܣڶ̶ʮ죬ʹӳλʣλʵľ硭
ߵ޵ĻɫƣҲӳܡ
վ֮ϣҲľ
ҶŻļףֳһĹУվУķţǸ½ɱߵ
ֵȼıҶǱͳ̶ȣ֪Ҫǿ˶١
Ͼ˼רҵĽɱߣһװǾϸѡġ
ӵеĶҶӵ̽߶ԣȻġ
ȻҶ˷ֶĵطʵ̫ˣɲ뱻ɱ֮ȡ


467 
ҶɽѾһˣгϵջ񣬾ҲջСÿγὫҸо״̬á
ܼĹ㣬ҶƣԣγһĹֹۣױ˲ʵϸۿԷЧǳ
ֳִֹֻˣſվҶߵèҲ޷̽ӡ
˾ⲿ䣬е츳ͨۡ
벽ʣλг˱仯Ϊǿ࣬ҲԿʼӴһЩеͨˡ
ҪˣƾҶʵҲһ棬ͱǸڰߣú޻֮ˡ
ǵȼĽɱߣƾ⻤ļףͿɵֵĹҶҲǳţһһ»ƣˣһ㣬С
ĸߵޣҶǺŵġ
лļ׵ķèһЭټҲһߵĹڣеֻҪλ֮ޡȺԱûġ
Ҷèɽĺ򣬲һֳ嶯
Ϊ
ʵ
Ҳ֪Լڵۺʵ״ﵽʲô硣
ȫ֮󣬵׿ԿʲôȼǿߣԼҲ֪Ӧÿλһƴ
Ȼһԭ򣬻޺ˣΪ޺˶è̫Ҫˡ
ȡ޺⣬ҶҲǳĺ棬ЩνĸߵޣʲôģϢĵطɽΧʲôͬ
ȻҪһԭȴҶһ˿ҵԴϴμʶʸЩս޵֮ҶΣŪֻսޡ
ںòףɽĺȻչո߼ޣ䵱ս޵Ļᡣ
չճ޲УŪֻЩǱޣҲǲġ
Сĵ㣬Сģ䵥ޣǾϣǿģȺޣǾǷǹȵĽѵҶеСžʱè
ģͬĴҾԲ᷸ΡԽǰУɭַΧԽԽ
ɽĺȻž˵
ããߣҶǳСģϸع۲ŸԷķ
èҲΪСĵعۿţͬʱҲڹ۲Щ޵ټ
˵޺ˣèĿ꣬ҶĵһĿ꣬ȻŪֻսޡ
ҿǰһֶʹǿ壬ٵˮˮڹȦ棬ǳ㡣è۾˼ϸܣŹκһֵĻᡣ
Ҷ΢΢һ̧ͷǰһʱ۾һֻǰһòŰ˸ߵıС֮ϣԼöɫĹʵڹʵ棬һ˿ɫת
Ҳ꣬ΧʲôػɡҶɲҴ⣬ȻһػޣôǿԼҲǲ壬һͻȻػɱͺ׽
ûӦľ档
ݣǳïܣټЩܵػǱڸСģͻԣҶҪԼٱСġ
ϸۿһȷΧûػޣҶС˹ȥ
öժֱ֣˱ǣҶ¶һ˿Цݣֱһèûϴ
Ȼֵ֪طΪʲôҶСĵĽöԼĿռָС
̧ͷգоɫ磬ּ̽Ѱ
ɾʱֻһŭ𣬸ָ޺ǰ
ȻЩҵĺУҶһƾ̶ܼȣͿжǰֵޣǳĶ࣡
Ҷ͸ŨܵѾģģǰĳЩ޵Ӱ
϶ĳЩǿޣ̣ǻƵ߰ɣҿɲ뱻׷ĴӴܡЩҶèѵ
һҧʮ¾޵ĵ֮սѵã㲻ãǾͿ֮ˡҶľᵽߣ˫СĵسܹۿȻèεУǰȻǱȥ
ҿǰ̵ޣȼܲͣȻɳڱǵءҶղǱףͷԶһֻţϿѲӡ
ˣèæԱ߷뿪ȥ
ҿããԶֻģĿӰ
ǷϿյķޣ޴׹۲쵽ҶͣɱһޣҪСĶ࣬èͣ͸˵ˡ
ǱУ΢ռЩƵġ
ʱֺһֽ𣬲ʽҶλ
ãѵˣҶɫ䣬йӴκޣʶǳǿңһߣͻᵱɱûаɽ
Ľ
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ÿֻУһֻ弶Ѫ൱֮ǿߡ
ÿǧֻѪУһֻѪ
½ԣɹѪӵпɿǿߵʵɽϿգһֻչѪйǿߡ
ǿߣǷ½ҲǶǿˡ
һЩ֮УҲ£Ϊסȥǡ
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ԣϾǱΪԣΪ޿ɿ֤˭ҲѪ״治ڣǲȷ׿ɲǿߡ
ȻѪĴڣѪӦѪˡ
Ӵķϵͳ֮УҲֻǵʹЩԾĿսʿ
Ϊֹ˰ǰйԣѪݵĳ⣬һֱûйѪϢ
ҶԴȥֻģģġʮֻӴ񣬳߷˹
ӴġʮֻͬʱУƣҲǷǳ˵ġ
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ѡһֱӸЩսܷڲ£Щȷ沿Ӹ
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ȴһҶԥֱӳǰǱжȥ
ɫڼʱ䣬ҶͬһֱӳѨУһïʢӲݴϡ
ȻһſӲݴڲȫ£ӣŪ졣
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һƬǳɽȣڲźҲïʢӲݣһƬԴģ
ȻͬԴĵطȴһȺ;޴ķݣһ𣬾ڽмģڽвһ㡣
һͷ񣬶а¥ߣ塢׳Ƿ·糵һÿһëа˴С
ҶԺȻֳйѪѶϢγףë֮⣬ΪѪ弶ޣ磬Ŀзйߡ
Ѫֻһֻ£ǡҶĿֻǼһɨЩðѪԹǧģֻҪͬʱʮֻѪɱ˹Լ͸޷ֵ
ھʲôʥʽӦø˲ҡҶͨЩͨ񣬸ûʲộԸǵĳѨѲӡ
УѨ֮УôѪڣͲҪǵѲˡ
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ͬʱôѪǾֻһܣһ壬ˡ
ҪȻЩѪȻ˰غ
лʱͬķ·ϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢЩÿɽ֮ʱ鲻ԽľһǷʲôʮֵľֵһ
ʱҶҲͻȻע⵽һ㡣
ӵܼԪԪܶȣ߱
ҶɽȺ󣬾һֱڽУһ㣬ҲǸղɾ񣬺֮ʱŸӦġ
ܼԪʲôµģ
ڵҶ޷ҵ𰸡
Ϊҵһõ֮ҶʼСĵĳǱС
ɽȵУͨ񣬻Ѿ׵ѪΪݣҶż׸ߵӲǱУۡ
ܿ죬Ҷͷɽȣǳǰ˴ǧףûɽȵľͷͬʱҲԽǽӽڹȣԪҲ͸Ũܡ
ǳ棬ĺ֪ɽȵľͷЩʲôĴڡ
ʱèĵҶ𣺡ľϡ٣ôȥ
ҶüͷҲǰɽʯܶطûľʹУҲֻһЩҶĿĵطѸʺǱˡ
ֻܴɽȥˡҶСغˣ˴׺һȺбȽԶɽ֮£Ҷʩչȥ
Һɽ֮ϣʯͻǳʺԾ
ҶԾ˴Լ֮˶һ٣·׵һɵɵؿǰ


468 
ǰʮ׵ĵطһĲݵϣһɫС
ɫСأصǡ
ЩС֮ϣŹת
һ̣Ҷסˣ죬һֵüʮңмУǾǰʮ״ЩĲݵϣϰö
طôôҪͨ˽ժһöһӳԴˡҶһӿǿҵķС
èҲ۾⣬࣬촽ҪˣֻҪɽǽЩһͣ͵Ǯɡ
۴èҶȴЩεⶫǺãҪôȥңǿƺΧһƬͺͺĵ棬ܻвôȥأ
İɣЩڿڵϣûʲô񡣡èվҶϣֱϸܹš
Ҷ΢΢һҲܿȥ
ȻǰﷶΧڣڵߵֻܹȷǳĹ졣
ֻȻ;޴Ѫ˲ǡֻѪͷ˳棬ſڵƺ˯
˿ȻֻֻѪֻ˯Ҷɻ󣺡Ѳүҹһɽһ㣿
ʵȴҶֻѪһѪһֻѪϣһѪҪСͬʱϵëҲͨѪޡ
ҶֻѪɢϢͿжϣǵʵҪѪǿ˶ࡣ
ҶСû䵽ȥһξ룬ΪһֱֻѪԽԶԽȫ
ɾҶһ˲䣬ͻȻǼֻѪצӣ˶ɱ۾ſڵϣǻû˯һ㡣
Ҷûãһɺвãûè
ֻݣһ
һӰٻգֱҶҶȻҲֻüһתƶ˰ס
֮󣬾䣡һ
һشֵľʯݺҶղͣλãɽ棬ѿ¶һаĴӡ
ӦҶҲɽϵʯ䵽֮ϡ
ԭЩһǹװ˯ͼԼҶͷһԼףԼĳȦ֮С
ֻণԭſ˯ֻѪȻվ
⼸ֻѪȻѪСϷɢƣȴЩѪҪǿʮֹ
ȻŨľԽСѪʵҲԽֲֻѪͨѪеͳߣʵҲ൱ھ֮ǿߡҶͷһоӶеˡ
ɽڲĵһֻߵޣﵽλʿҶʹλʣҲһƴ
ʼޣֵͷС
Ϊ޵ʵԽϣĲ࣬Խ
һ㣬ʵ޺˼ǮͿó
µ޺ˣֵߵģҲʮҡ
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ʱϵֻѪͻȻҶ˿ŭͷֺУ·һϲõζ
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ɻֻΪ˸֮ʱ֨߿ĴҶϿգȻһ˷֪ǰ񣬷ǳࡣ
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ǲҪʳ㣬ҪТɽĳͷȽϿֲޣǵı⡣ʱèèצָǰ棬Щص
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жѨҶǿһߣЪϢһеԻָһЩ󣬲վǧֻ޶ŵĳҶʷĵһΡ
ЩѪޣÿһ붼ܱɱѹǳģʱĽٺҲҶһʱҶУҲǿҵĿǿʵ
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ڰǰģһ·ǲҪߵڣèͻȻڿУǰڵͨĵǡ
Ҷ΢΢ü̧ͷǰ濴ȥǰһۣȴǳͨͨ塢׿ʮ׸ߣֻͨȴģͨδ֪Ķ
ҶĬƬ̣è޷˵ĳͨǰˡ
ѨӵĻ谵һصͨһƬڰҶԿ·ֻͨǽڣСĵǰš
ǲȷޣѪҪޣӦӦԣèҶѯʳĹؼ
ҶȴҡҡͷЦôӦԣһһɣǧֻ񣬳ȥߣѱѡˡ
èҲʵʵĸҶСľܣΨðʲôһڰǸˡ
ǰйˡڰУҶͻȻǰİ׹⣬ɿٳǰ˹ȥ
ɽģҶԼ˲֮
оԴľͷмʮ˫۾ͨ׺ݵĶԼϡ
ҶĻð֮ʱһƳĺ޴ɽУþûص
ͬʱЩԼĺĿ⣬˻ȥǵǮ˶ѨһǸ򣬱ҵԾԾš
кϷˣⶴѨˣͷѪֻǿΣǰδеǿУȻѪȫ˶ܵѨŵգè˿ͻȻЦ
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ԭǿߣߵģԼƤӵ׻ƣǾ޶ԡ
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Ϊ죬ڵҶѾ顭
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ӰٶȣԼΪݣֻǼգۼ䣬ӴӡѾȻҶа֮С
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ȻӦɽ֮Уеıߡޡ
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ڰյޣʯҶԼĺţҹصķųһ˿һ
˭֪ͷ˰ֿ̣ޱȵޣ᲻ὫŭйԼϡ
ڵޣֻԴƣҲһʱ⣬ųѪĿ
ԣʹⶴٵѪҲڴʱǰ롣
ȻЩѪȻûȥս޵ȨѾŭȴûзŹǵĴ㣬޴ĳ۾Ҷɨ˫֮Уǲм
޴Ľƣ͵ڵݺһ̤һѷ죬ͻȻĽŵӶ˲䣬㳯ɢͬʱЩѷ֮УҲð˶ı֮
ֻꡭ𣬷ǿ֮߰ڵѪıصˤڵ棬Ӧˤм
žԼаҵѷ죬Ҷͷ亹̧ͷڰյľ޴ΣҶһðүӣͷҲֲ̫˰ɡ
޳۾ٴɨͨڣҶܹĸо˫۾Լͣôһ˲䡭
ˣͷҪˡҶУǾĴ˵


470 һ
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Ǵ˵еѪҶüͷҺս񣬳֮еߡѪֻ»ûֻ͡
ʱ߿ռ΢èӰĸ֣èϣȻһ˿ϲɫ
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εЩ˰ҶЦֻǴѪ֮ʣˣû뵽ͷִܳһɲĹߡ
飬ʵҶƵ˼ҡ
İɣֻޣӦöƬİǸռһأ˴֮䣬϶ǺܺҪȻҲѪˣèѵ÷һõĿ
Ҷȴ΢΢ͷ
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밵߾ͬΪƬİƽʱ˫ǲðΪһЩϵ£ǲɱҪһ
ѾȺѪ֣߾Ҳʱս֣¾ҲԲ


471 
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ʵ߾ҲֻΪ˰εľ棬һ˵˵ʵҪԶôһСС΢࣬е𽵹ĸо
Ȼ˼ҼȻ˲֣͸ӲԵ۶ֺõĲˡ
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˻һֻһͨȻĴܳһֻɫ꣬ε޵ǰҡβͣЦĻСõȻͬ
Ȼ֮䣬ͻȻں꣬ȻʹѪͻȻŽһ£尵߾ǿħͷ
߾µĵȻλô룬ҲǿǿûкõĽǰǶҸ飬ɢ˰ɡ
ȺӴһޱĵغһ۵ߴ磬ʱѧôͨˣǶѪòײŪģôôˣ
߾ЦУҲУѵȻ֪ǿʳĵǷҪҴɱ䣬ŹԹӱķԸ
Ѫݵλ˼ҰҪɱ䣬ô˵
ٿƵȺԣ̽СһڣЦô˵Ȼ㹲ͬˣü
Ⱥ£֦ҲЦȻǺиͬȴȥɣ˵ʱת٣һצؿ֮С
޷춯صĲ˻׷ɿȥһʯС
ԿҶõд˱仯һʱĿɿڴ
ͬһʱƷѪоԭؼ˺ݣ߾ʸ׷ȥӰѸûһѨС
ȺƵԣ̾ͷӣȷû˿ôԲ֪׷õĵһ޵ݣͶһŰɣ
ֻ顱һӦŹɣֱײҶĴʯ֮ͣ
ҶƵͷƤ飬ײнƻ֮սǳεü
΢࣬ɣôãҲʱ·ˡͻȺЦеҶ֮أ˼Ӻδ֡
ȻֻȺˣҶҲӱܣʯ飬Ƥһ̧ЦѪá
Ⱥ밵߾ֶԸѪŰ߾ɱѪͻѪͻ֮䣬ҴתͷƼȴӰ
֪ϵһͷȴҶһֻҰèҲһͨȥ
ȺŭȴЦСӣ㵹ˣһ䣬ҶѲʮɣϷŪô㲻ܣҵܽЩ
ȺѹèĬһֱû˵
ҶһתһѨеޣ
ȺЦõܵܣѪǸֺȸͷôġ˵붴У˭δ˵꣬ƿա
Ⱥ֮䣬Ȼӣ˫ĳȴֻӦޣȻһƺɢ˫ƷâȻһ֮ðǿҵİ׹⣬Ⱥ֮
Ⱥ޷෬ܴ֮£ҽУȻʯ֮ϡ
Ƽתֱ£ȺּɵˣԴһƬհףؿ𲽱ƽ
޻ѪԴѪע·Եħɭ£˫Ŀ⣬³ݲ壺㡭ɧ֣꣬죬Ȼ˽ͨ߼Ӻӣߣȥɡ
Ⱥԣ˸־ȫޣȻͷܣܣ߼Ϊؽеͷޣǲ֮
ܣߣûôףһ£һԲ׸߿գɢҫ۵İ׹⣬ɽȺ·Уʱ̱ڵأѪѡ
ҶӦñȽϿ죬һ֪²ȫţγһ֣ȴҲѪڣֱɤţҡҡ׹ʱɢ
һ·ѪҡҡλεߵȺǰ֫Ȼٶݺݵ˵쵰ıӣߣ֮ء
԰գ³һѪϣǰӵϣĹüΣƻĹ϶߾ģҪ⸽еĺ塣
ȺСģ磬ҰɣСΪ΢ĸұǰ߾ù
־˾ƣȻ缸ѪήҲҡμ£һӵڵأϵѪøˣԲҲ׹ڵء
Ⱥϲе࣬Ǹ΢࣬ˣɱɤӣҶҲûа㷴ӦЦ³ȥżˡ
Ⱥ϶˵ҡҵĵˣԪҲѾˣȣȣʹɱңҲȣȡǸ࣬ٲɱޣһĿ꣬㡭
߿ԱѪȺ˾ˣˡˡ


472 Ѫ
˫۽գؿȫ͸˿˿׹⣬ƺڵϢˣ˺ܾã۾Ժã˫ֳŵأѵҡҡ׹ðȫվȣü˻ƣ
ˣߣ֮ӣÿһ嶼ܲնݳӴԺƬֻǱһ塣˵һȺԴϰգֻʣ¹ͺͺĲֱðѪȴԲ
ȻڵϵԴ໡ĽʧȥԴȺܵԼϾĵֻڶͷ֮ʣͷŭһ
ǴﵽʥǿߣԴٵҲûа취ס
ȥɡ
ܹʧȥԴǿߣǾʵˡ
ʧȺҲоԼߵ˾ͷָԼһ˲䣬ûͷ壬ݺݵץס޵Դ
Ⱥǰķˡһֻ۾ץϹͷۼ׶ץãѪϵ
ֻ޸ΪҲǵʱ̣ȺԴ֮ʱڵҲڻɢš
Ҳģһŭ޵ֻ䣡һǸߴ塢׵ӴȻأڵϡ
ܾˣҶ⵹صޣɽץ޵ԴȴȥȺеĲ죬˼㡣
ʱȻû͸Ѿ֮ʣأǾͷѪţ۾Ҳرš
ɾʱȻһֻû˵ĶۣѪɫ֮ͫУеֻǺ޸ر䣬ŴͨеҶ
ҿʲôҶֻ۾ţ಻ɺݺݳ鴤һ£һɲĸоͷ
ޣѪȺ밵߾ע⵽ҶֻᣬΪûֻǽ֮һ档
һһԱĳ档
ǣѾĿޣͻȻ뵽Լܱܿ΢ۡ
κޣǺܽӵоǻ۵ޣǸӵԸʹҲöֺùģԼʬ壬һ̣
ãһ￴볯ɱˡģڵҶûʬͷ֪Ѫ밵߾ʲôʱʱԸֻǰȫ뿪
ͷΪԼ޺ˣԶˡ
뵽Ҷԥתͷͳͨڲȥ
꣬ˣŹӡҶͷŭ׻˵֮ҲƣѾģľôˡ
ֻѪɫĶۣҶ󷢳һŭһİɫ绡˲һ룬͵Ҷǰ
űľ磬ҶҪſ£֪޵һǿϣҲǷˣ˵ˡ
ϵǼļף޵ĹǰǸ衣
ɾʱֻݣһ
̶ļХèЯϵǿƬݺݵظĵ绡ײ˹ȥ
èʶèҶͬʱӦèΪΣԣвһӾ
žһײڰ
ƬȻǰĵ绡èȴ޵ĵ绡ݺݳɣСٶȣ˻
ֱײʯڵУ棬ԭ鶯èۣҲð޹ˡ
һĻҶɵסˣֻһƬհף񼴽ʧȥһΪҪĶһ㡣
û˵Ҷһеĳè˹ȥ
˵󣬴磬㣬סһ΢ҶԺ𣺡ϣϽȥһö졢ۼ޺ҪȻҪɢˡ
Ҷ˶һͱȺǰ˺壬ͳһöĸָСľ״èĿС
ͨУҶ㶵ؿǱǽè㽫֪˶ãоõèȻʼǿ
ţͿèӰشݵʯҶвһϲá
ǽţһֵĸоӿͷ
ϵƭĸУ뵽ҶͻȻèȥСһЦһЦöۼ޺ˣС£һ̣ݽ˹Ƭ֮С
ҶʱŷӦһûʵǱҵأҲӦòᵽɢĵزɣҲ˯ʮˡ
ܼӰ
èǸǮ
죬һöۼ޺ˣֵǮֿԶһٵͼ޺ˣèԺˡ
ʹ
ʹʹҶ뽫èݺݿһ١
һ뵽ղһԥƴĺҶҲӲĳˣϾҪ޸ղŵĹУһЩĹè־УɾΣˡ
뵽ҶҲֻ̾˿̧һ޵ʬȥ
һҶһͷȴֻѪأ죬ҪԴҧ¡
ѪǰǱ߾׷Ҷô˿ȴس
Ҷˣ߶ǱɱˣϣͿ࣬Ϊ£Ѫ㹻սʤߡ
ֻѪѵԼǰԼҧҶһִеӸƴˣ͵Ѫ˹ȥ
ۼҶ˶ѪȴᣬǼǰ˹ſҶһۼϣһӣһǼ
ֻžһ죬ƣȻ谭׾ٵѪĸѪһʱ˳ȥײʯڡ
ҶԼȻһƾܽѪɣҲǺȻɻҡҡͷ漴Ѫ˹ȥֻѪأڵŤȫ£ʴѪƱʲôҺȾ㣬ۿǲˡ
ҶһѰ˼ô£һϣôó˿ڴһڹ⣬ѪɫУĿ
Ҷһ֪ˣ밵ߵҲܾճȻƾϵƣɱ˰ߣթߣǺģǰķˣֻ±ȸղֻȺķˣҪֲʮ
һ룬ҶʱѪϵĶأǴӺζˡ
ޣԶƵУ֮ǰǽĶҺ絽ѪϣԲʹѪ
Ѫ֮ͣʣҶһƣδ͸ڵŤһֳҶһ죬Ǵؿš
Ҷ˵أҲûл֮ĿܰôԼ֣Էβ³çѪĴڣоȻһҪԼ
ҶһѪ⣬ԭҪҧԼжҪʵݸ
ڵ£ӹѪе£ֻﲼѪ˿ԼȭͷСȴһģֵѪ
ѪҶӹƺϲ֣˵ҶȱߣԴҶϥϣƺ¶˰˵顣
ҶѹԲסҳ̫أҪȻӦû֧һġ
Ѫգգۣģģ³ʮ֣㣬úչö԰գؽֱӣˡ
Ҷ̾һĵԭΪԼͷۼ޵սУǱɣȴû뵽Ľ֣ͷѪҪҪȻҶ붴ʱ򣬾ͿܱЩѪ˺ˡ
֣ḧѪԴʱֻѪţóһҶ󾪣æջԼ֣ߵĶҺǿֲҲΪѪж֮󣬻ܳŵڡ
ԽԼһֱΣ֮УҪѪӣҸչеѪֻҶоҲö
Ҷ˰ΣãѪֻʹ֣Ὺˡ
ҶѪԼѪ룺ŵ֪ʲôʹͷۼΪƴ
ʱèͻȻҶĶУ΢ЦȻҲ֪öʲôҿԸ㣬Ѫ̶ȣӦòЩۼ޵޺֮¡
Ҷ𾪣ɻô֪
ѪϢأҲ²ĲӦʥɽè˵
Ҷɻʥɽ
è˵½ʵҲǿˣһЩҲøˣӦ֪ϣɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ֪֮⣬壬壬壬壬ɳ壬ȡ
֪ĺ١èҡͷ˵ʵޱߵĴ½壬˵Щ壬ֻǺͨȴֺܻ塣嵱УĴ壬ֱǡ塢ҹ顢ڤ塢塣èϸ˵Ĵ壬½ϵ壬Щضݺ½֪ʲôԭĴ䣬һԵĶսʹĴ峹½ĳʥɽΪΪϵĴ壬빫ĵ䷶ǷǳС壬зǳͨҲͬ־η
ҶϸţЩѶϢ½֮ϣҲֻж˵ǿߣŻ֪


473 
Ӧ֪Ĵ˵ɡèЦпҶ
ҶͷԽʥ֮شڣͽǿߣͬһĴڡҶ˺ܶĹɼһ鼮нܳԽ
ǿ޷ܵ
˵У½Ҳ֮
ûб߼ʵ½񣬾ͬڴٿʯҪҵǣǣѶȣڰݵ죡
䴫˵½񣬵Ѿǧ꣬ûǵӰˡ
ԣһִ˵Ȼ֮ϣһĴڣè֮̾ϣΪףֻףǳԽһеĴڡ
Ҷһ˵סĴڡ
ף֮񣬶ҪҶţΪд½ϵĹżֻҵһЩĴ˵¼׵ϢǴν
ĿУһĴˣѵ䣬ʲôԳԽô
񣿡èЦǶԣһִ˵һֲɳԽ񻰣Ϊһּ˵ĴڣȴĴڡףȴͬǸҪʲô֤Ϊǵʵǻصģּ̧䣬ɾĨκ񣬴˵еף¸ûл֮è϶˵
Ҷһ
塢ҹ顢塢ڤ壬֮ԳΪĴ壬ΪֻĴ֮УףǵĵλǶһ޶ϵġȥΪĳֻԵȥһʥɽΧܹĴϢһѪҾȷӦʥɽ
èɻؿҶеǿѪüʥɽ½ˣû֪ľλãҲЩɻʥɽĶôѪУˣˣֻҪʥɽĶȼһͣҶ٣㲻һֱͷսôҽ㡭ѪԿǷѪè۾Ź⡣
ҶҲЩҪŪ֣սޣѪè˵Ǿֲ̫ˣԼܿˣְ֮
£֪Ѫޣ֪Ѿ䵽УʥɽĶɲ˭ϵİһܻᱧġȵѪѪϢ಻ڣڣͻϿ㣬ѪѪģһͿԽ֮Уû£ûܲõġè϶˵
ʥɽĶŷǳصϢèȻӦõһЩ꣬ǧϹȻҲܲĵ
ĶǴϣڴŴܿʱûΪʥɽһʯͷҲǷƷ˵죬οһѪ
Ȼ֮֮ܽУǾ˵ʶҲܲĵˡ
˵è飬ֵһԵġ
Ҷ˵ͷ˻֣Ȼ΢΢ԼʳָһһЩʺѪҺֱӵǿŲ֪ΪѪ֮ϡ
ǿմѪ˿֪ѪҶһѪһ˲䣬·һɿһѪͬʱţһѪڲȻһ֮ʼ
մѪ˿ȫ䣬Ѫ棬תһѪɫƺѪһ
Ͽ㡣һĻèϲѪѪҶõҲǰôûС
ѪȻϿѪĳɳҶԺֶһ̣ҲèεģΪҪ뾡һа취ʹҶԽԽǿԼǸ޵Ըпʵ֡
ҵҶ٣㻹ʲô콫Ѫ֮ڣ뿪èߴٵղѪѪ֮ʱѾйһЩϢЩʵǿޡðߣġ
סҶٶȣѨ棬ľ޵ʬ壬ѹһϾȼޣϵÿһطǼֵƵ޲ϣֻҪõ棬Ǳʾ޶ĲƸ
ֵǮۼסצǡëƤСպ֮ҶһԾֱصǿѪжȥ
ֻ֣һѪƺ޾ĻϲҶ֮С
֮һǸȻûκָʾ£ֱƤм䣬ǵ
ҶҲ֪ѪȻʥɽһԶ־ٶҲûʲôòġ
ֻҪȵƿ֮գԼ֪ǺʲôĴˣ
è߰ɡҶֳԼİˣֱӳʱĵصͨ˹ȥ˿̵ȫ£ѪѪҺ
ȻȻɢѪеϢèҲҶӣеǳ⡣
ȫʩչټıٶϣҲֻһЩʾޣܸϵЩڵϱе࣬Ҷıߡ
ϷƣԭϷֵľ޴ͻȻܵϢٷɱͷѪ⣬󲿷񣬶һһſڵϣһ
ѪѲǷǳʥģЩСĴڣȻðѪȨ
ЩǣҲǵãǰ죬Ǹ࣬ǱǸصģǸ࣬ѾΪѪĸʳ˰ɡ
ѪʱܿΪǸѪǳóԣνǵģе񣬶š
ʱֻһ
һѪɫĻӰȻӵصͨ˳ֱӳٶȥ
ʲôѪע⵽ֵĻӰϢûѪϢұǲëҲѪǵʱѧ˫·óУ
ǵûзУЩҲȻǵǰչᣬһֻֻ˫צ˹Ҫӭǵ
ʿǿ߱ٶȣԸϵʦıеٶȣҶʹʹٶһ롣
ԣҶٶȣҪЩ񣬿
ֻѪɽ֮䣬չᣬҶȥ㾰ۣɽֻҲͷһݣΪ˭ֻܷɣɣȴצӸ·
ȻҶٶȣʵ̫ˣͷСѪҲֻܿҶӰԶһͽ˦ʧ۽緶Χڡ
ǵôˣôϲڵϱУʹóͷСѪҶʧӰȴɻ
Ȼû׷ԷǸղˣԷǵûϵϢǶеëԲܱģµġ
ѵгĵˣŸڵߣͷѪаһ룬þôչһӣЩ񣬶ϻȡ
ˡЩ񷵻ɽȣҶŰһ
ҶԼԼҲͰ벽ʵʵЩпսΨпֺٻİ취ܳɹЩë׷ɱ
Ȼû㹻ٶȣ㹻취ҲãҿԼٶȣͬǿ֮УͦˣҪȻ컹
һǿҲӦ̶ȰɣʣһʵѲ׷ɱһ֧һȺΧϾͻ
ҶʱӸоԼ֮ʱעش֮ˡ
ȻҲǱʵ㣬ߴʮ㣬ҲΪʣųһȡ
ҶһԼԺ˿̣ԴԴԼԼҲǱҪϵôܹһʩչôںϼܣ
һǿߣʩչʮںϼܣ¾Ҫľˡ
Ҷͬղʩչʮںϼܣȴûаߵĸо
Ҫԭǡ
ߵơ
Ҷγ֮ʱһʩչںϼܵʱ򣬾𾪵ķ֣ͬļܣͨʩչֻҪԭʮ֮һҾҲͬЧ
ȻԸõĹͨЭĸõľߣԱܸõĲݸϵܣԾ͹ϵĸ
ʮ֮һ˵ʲô
һͨߣֻʩչһοֲıͨӵߣͿʩչʮαͨ˿ֲ
èʱҶԣŰ۵ɪˣڴ½ϣѰߣǸ߿ȻǳźȴƵıߵɣСһ㣬ɱץȥ˿ܡū
Ҷߵ˭ȵҶҾ;Բٻȥ
ҶߵǱߵһЩǿΪ飬Ϊȫ磬ÿб߾ܾǵ֮ʱͺܿ⵽ǵϮɱ
ȻҾͲ˵ˣˣϵˣôˣèҶǰѪգ΢ЩĵǰǵȻ㵲˴󲿷֣Щϣû˵ɣ
٣û˵ͦ۵ġҶԼؿλؿڣˣؿڵ˿ڣ͸ѪʱҶϸĵ˿ڣͬʱһҩ裬˿ϡ


474 Ů
èҶ˿ڣƺЩģȻҶ٣һǻɣʱ򣬲Ҫ̫̰ˡ
٣Ҳɭʲôطİȫ֮ô棬ߵðգðգֺβЩջĵطһˡңˣɽ˰ȡ޺֮⣬ҲһģҪʲô飬ǰηǡηģǻƨҶǿӲĺܣèˡ
èҲ֪ҪɽĵطջĻҪС뻢ѨɵûӡľģҲԼ̫עҶİȫˡ
׻˵ĺã
ҪðյľʧȥˣôΪһߣҲߵͷˡ
ˣ˵ɽĸ򣬷ֱɽΧʮ򡭡ģӦֻɽһСְɣɽĿôӰ
뵽ɽأҶУ΢΢Щ档
㲻ỹȥĵطɣèЩصҴ㣬ڵʵȥĵطǸðգһ΢ǿޣʶοɽЩֲޣʱΪֻ㻹ûпǵأͻᱻ˺з顣
ҶЦԷǵèôźòãֻһʰɣҪˣﵽ۾磬ʩչữʱ̽һɡ
ġ˾֮Уһ츳ͨﵽ۾֮󣬾ͿԼڱγһֻ֮ᣬʩչͿ԰ʡ
ʱҶоԵĴɽط
۾磿ڲֻǸʵǿߣʾ磬ϴһξ룬˿˵֣ۡǲ̫˵㡣èˮ˵
ҶһԵĿЦס
ƾڵ츳Ҫﵽʾ磬ѣֻʱϵ⣬Ҫʾ磬۾磬ǿһǳĿ
ߣϣѿһ
·һ߳ġҶ΢΢һЦ¶һŵһ죬ٻġɽҲӽˣջѴ󳬹ԭȵ趨Ҳʱȥˡ
Сᵽˡȥ֣èУ˿ڷصǧ·;Уæȡ޺˵ҶԺúöԼ
è֮У϶֮󣬱㿪ʼصгˡ
;УԽԽСҲԽԽҶ̤Χ޼һģûκв
ɼʹˣҶҲȫķɾ衣
ΪɽΧΣյģޣЩ޴ڵĽɱߡ
èҶߣֻèĵһֱǡ
Ҷ˶һɳȵϢֵʱ򣬾飬һ˫УҲžǧ֮Į
èǵã̤ɽ֮ǰҶĿУ̺ϣҲ̺һ͵ģ֪Ҷָı䣬Ǻãǻ
ˣè˵ҪصϹܼ֪εջʲôӦҶȻգҲ㽣֮УϹܼҶİǸϵү١
һ㣬ֻϴϹܼԸƴһҲҪסԼͿԿ
׼˴õĶصϹܼңèЦѯʵͲ˼಻ãἤͷ
ѾĶƨҶһ𿴱үڹ÷⣬ʵǸؾǰĻӻѾˣ񣬳Է⡭ϵЩЩ޺֮⣬ҲòϣϹܼչһصĲҵӦòˡ
չһ²ҵ٣ҿǸ֪ϵЩֵΰɣèǳӵʵ㣬ϵЩǽûƷûΪһǼأҲ´ˡ
ܽΪһǼأҶЦЦӿٶȣŹ;ǰ
̧ͷɫҹҪ٣ҶӿĴеٶȣںҹ֮ʱҵһ֮
峿
һƬïܵɭ֮Уһ˿˿ɫԪӿ֮У͸Ȼ󲻶ϻҶ֮ڡ
Ǽ֮Ҷèè֮ϣ΢Щϲĵ˺һЩ룬ΧʱǽҶڤ״̬оѣֽʧȥһνĺûᡣ
һ츳ǵ񣬾Ȼ˯УҲͻơ
Ҷ˴εĽ˵ˮɣԪĲӿ룬ϣɢŵİɫâȥһ㡣
֮УԪصĲ˰СʱŻţҺɽΧ򣬶ڴʱҶ˵ѾûʲôΣա
һԪҶ֣֮ٴλظƽҲ½
ȻգȴǼΪƽȵҶèһЦڳɹԽʽ֮λʣһ֮ˡ
è¶һ˿΢ЦèԾһ֮ϣǽĶܣھҶѵͬʱҲܷκοֵܳΣա
Ҷӳ˯ѹʱѾյգ㯵գգ۾΢֮Żع̧ͷ֮ճ㿾èɵ΢΢һЦ
ˣȵҶèЦͻƵĸоôǲˬ
ͻˣЩɻҶŤŤĲӣֻһͷײžӸո˶У˳
ĵĸо㶣Ҷȭͷ΢죬Щ벻ȷĵǸҺﵽλʵ۷ˣ
һͷˮҶèһֱӴ϶Ѿʲô˰ȻԼ뵽ʲô磬Ҫʱˡ
оǽ֮ǰۺüҶɵúٺһЦϽʶѾ˴ı仯
ееı仯Ҷʼһȭʹڳϰ֮뷢йеľϲ֮Ųпա
һĻèǸһЦֻ֪Ұè϶һֱͷգûаɵڣִӿռָȡһö޺ˣèϷʵЦô۵ķϣүԶٺõġ
٣ȻˣٸۼġèĻû꣬ҶĽżڵһ㣬ԣһŷź޺ˣĿС
һʱ䣬Ц̵ɭ֡
õҶһЩһޣɱĴɽУɾԾһСϪ֮ʱͻȻɽԶһҵ޺
˱ΧҶȻǳңԶţȷȣԶ֮УԼ˸һ˿׹⣬ȷ
ѾɽΧˣƽʱ򣬸û޳ûôΧ飬ЩɻҶ·ƮȻȥ
ԶһǳɽȣɭܲһСѴʱʱҶ֣Բ㣬ƺˡ
ͬʱ޺𲻾ڶâڿиżЩĿĵسҶʣǳ൱ҵĲ
Ҷʶܿ쵽սȻϣֻޣΧһˡ
ЩޣȫϸܵۼףֱУ߳ףͷǣ۾ͨ죬ʵʦ֮䣬Ҳʮֻﵽһֻﵽʾޡ
еޣ޵Ĵ£۷ź⣬ſѪڣһڿС죬˷мǵӰ
ǵӰͷһŷ䣬³âγһķ֣еĹ档
ս׷ΧڣһƬǽ壬ǣһӣѪϰپ޵ʬ壬ѪС
ò룬սѾ˺ܾá
ЩΧޣ񱩣ƴƵָĹˣ޵ָ£һϣǸɫײһ
ڽеˣлһСҪȫֵ޵Ľľ޴Ѿģʱ䣬ֱֵӶףѸһ룬ܿҪ߽⡣
ǵӰһתУҶòŮ˴Լʮߡͣ۾ƤѩԺ¶һͷư㷢
ôҶ룬ХһּУһ棬ѻһ⣬ֱޡ
Ҷ֮ȫ񣬷ֽʢͻѹЩȴЩʧ룬ʹսһƬҡ
ֻ໡ŭУֻޣѱҶȥԴͷޣĴطͬʱѪ֪˵ʵ̫ߣ⣬æ˵ȺС
Ҷһе֣ȵķܣûжֻޣŭһſѪ죬Ҷӭ
ҶЦҲʹ˸ַл棬һΪģֱ޾֮С
ҺΧֻʿޣȻ
ʱеһȥ
ҶһæһԾס̧ͷȥպýӴӭĿ
ôҲ벻ٴķһ
ħŮϴδźȥ򵶼ұɸҶ̵ӡ
Ȼμ棬ҲһֲôгĻ¡
һΣΪŷڶΣǵұ֮ҡ
ڵΣϵĺ֮ˡ
ҶַǵŮеǰδеİһ͹£ʾ޳էĽ
ҶԼʱһ۾
δһ˵ۣǵʯһƳУעĿ
Ҷãһ󣬲ô˵仰죬˫ӥ
һᰵĿ˿ĮغҶӣһҲ
֣ҶǰҪֻҪһ¾֤Ҷϣһغ


475 
Ҷ˫ȥյص㲻𣿡
Թһ˿թЦĹ辶λʿ⣬¾鲻̫ǳҲ뱾ǺεݣǹΪ֮ᱻЩͼΧ
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һĹϵɲôгڸʱɱ㣬ΪһҲϣ˵Щ٬Ļ
ҶһѣһһᣬɵصΪһƣÿˣʹҲܽɱ˵龰̹˵ҵϲưǰĸо
һ糾ͣҲŲѪգҰԵĸоҪЩѳĹӸоǿʤöֻ࣬ÿһ仰һɢ˵
ƫ˵䣬Ũصɵ˺øеĴգ治֪ǺЦȻԴ𣬻ûκЦ
ҶһˣеɱˣĸеظÿŮҪһ亹
һ΢һ㵣벻Ҷֱܸܵ΢仯
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һⷽԲ򣬶鲼ĶĿ˭߳ɽӲֶΣȴţû˵㣬οΪһǸѾɱ˰ɱߡðˡ
ҶĿɿڴҺʵ˾ǻﵹɣҵĻǲǻĿģ
һĿ˪ƽʹĲ㣬κ˶뿿Сһ֮ڣοּ֮ף֮ԣ᲻ַҡ
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һûǰԶԶƬѲӣϽȥɣٹãɽͽ׷ʱˣ档
Ҷȫһ֪˴ɽ֮УʧǸǷͬСɣΪѰشȻҪɱɽˡ
ʱèڿУųĬеҶèҲһĨӵɫ֮̾Ҷ٣㻹֣ѵ
ҶŷһԶȥӰüͷһû˵ֻתɽΧȥ
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۾ǿߣҶɫȴ˵ĿɬּĵˣֻĻᶼûС
ʱԶ֮ķһҲһ֮ɫԥ֮󣬻棬϶ݹһҶһӭ˳ȥ
۾ǿߵĿֲʶ£ҶΪԼԶأһȥҲ󣬳Щ˷˹ȥ
֮ڣȴѾƴֻҪвԣֻƴһˡ
һնϴһո°ɫȹǧ˿䣬΢ϼ䣬ȻȻɢһɳ߹Ϣ
Ҷ࣬ĿϢ¶
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Ϊ׵ģһʮһӣɫ£ٷ磬Ǵż΢Ц˾ѹӡ
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ҶǱ֮ĲУΪԼʱλʵʵһеţʱǰ֮һȣө֮⣬˺¡
һߣһλ뷢԰ףɫɷݣһۿȥ֪ɱ֮ˣ񣬲֪ո˶γ˹ģɷ
Ѱ֣֮ʮΪҲֻܷӳ߰˳ҡ
󣬸ʮˣ󶼶ʮˣЩˣ೤ΪΪһˣҲﵽ˳λʵľ硣
Ҳ˵һˣ츳ٶȣҶǿ
ֵǣһһǰ֮ʱջǰѹ
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ϾвٵңȨߣҲѡ
Ǵ˿ۿۣһȺʼǿߣһ£ǵϣһݷĵľηҶУȻƽ
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Ƿһᱡ֮٣Щ¶֣³Ȼ䱯ҡ
һ۽⿴Ҷɫ֮УҲһ˿֮ɫ
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λϣҲ¶ֺ΢Цһǹذ֮⡣
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Ǹң˭ΪĪǣһȥһݺݵĻ˻Сȭͷĵ
Ī¶ů⣬ȴǻæֵǧҪҪɾҪˡ
ڴ˿̣һֱû˵Ľ꣬ҶתһȦ¶⣬Եһ֪λǺˣ
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ҵѣ룬УԺҵȫһ֣ܽеġһԣ΢΢ü漴λϣϴڱʱҲǶԱо֮Ҵ˴ɽ飬Ҳ޹أǷ߰ɡ
ŶǶо֮ȻΪѡ϶һۣЦŵͷ
ҶȴɻԼʲôʱȹŮˣ
ȻɻµʱĬȻеһ
۵ע£оԼ£ûаܣȫ˿͸һ㡣
ָоδ̫ã˱ջĿ⣬źۼ΢˵ͷ
˼ȻԹж͸һ߰ɣϾɭ֣ɲô̫ƽ˿̣ȴһŵ߿ˡ
Ҷһ㶣ȴһæҡͷǰ⣬СˣֻǸһССصǰ
ʲôЦԼϣ̫ܣҪһѱǷ֡
Ҷ٣ɲðա
ҶԥſھܾȻ˵ϣ΢һ㶣ȴ¶˼֮⡣


476 ɱ
ҸᣬύۣȻܾҶܾûλϿڣһȴЩİд
Ҷԣů⣬ȤЦҷ׷ǹʣðȻңͲ±˻˵л
ո˵ֻ꣬⡣
ȻһԣɫͻȻɫһ죬ݺݵһۣŤͷȥ
ΣУʱ˲ͬķӦ
ǽüͷ΢ɲ΢һ壬ɱһеƣȻһ
λɫҶ񣬱粻
һӣǾȵĳͣǺʱԼҹ¶ɫһʱ俴Ҷ֮ģǼ֮ɫ
ȣȻ㲻ԸͬУȫ棬ǻҪǵġǸŵĳϣһü漴ִӻóһŴСֽţҶŵһŻӡһ֣Եֵ۵ȫһպðɡ
ֵܵסǿߵȫһ
Ҷɫһ䣬ֽ΢΢ЩƾɵֽУ΢ԥȴǷս˻УֵȻˣлˡ
ۿҶ»ϳϵüͷչ˼֣תԻʸԵүү˵ˣ˴ɽ鴦ҪϴȥǱ߰ɡ
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ҵͨѶʲôΪ㣬ѶҡͳһöɢŮʯһɨǸһۣȼݹ⣬ʶȥ
ڴ˾٣¶˼ǳԣǵҶᱻ԰Ż
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Īԡλϣһۣ΢ҡͷ˻֣΢ǴŴˣȥ
һ˲գۼ䣬ʧ߾ͷ
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ڴ˿̣һɫӰȴͻȻĺҹߺȻУǿռѷһסҶҪС
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ĺóģһöɫʯӣ֮󣬱ǷɿǴ󣬻ΪʮɴСһâƮɢ£ǿռѷ֮ϡ
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ԴˣҶĵףǾɡ
꣬Ū޵ıȥ˹ֱЩˣ´
ʱʮˣӼ˳ҶһȺˣΪ׵׳ԹԵȥɣǾҪǿˡ
⻰䣬һˣʲôû˵æ̤˾޵ı
̤޵ϣҶȴҲǴһԭ޵ıһƽ治ӣһȦΧ룬żС
ھ޵ıϣЩޱȡ
γֹ޵꣬̾ѣɴ۾
ޡèҶ꽻ͺ½ϵĽͨһֻޣԱóɸģ½ϵĽͨߣ壬ȴǹ̶ġ
ҶԾ̾ϣ̫δ֪Ķ
գף½ԶԼģҪصĶ࡭
һɵվţá˹ȵҪǵȻ᲻СģӸ߿еƾֻּܻ꣬û³
ʱСһ۶ԱǳߣУǱȥ㣬꣬ǸвŮģм䡭
ЩԱɱ¾ıԵɲʲôòʲôʴȡ
ܿ죬Ҷһ꣬չ滮ˡ
ӳˣ͵ģһݵİѯʵ
˹ƳһۣȻһΣȥ龳ɣʵ̫ˣϣһܻŻޣжԼΪ˵ٶȣһƬڰ֮Уٷȥ
ܹ͡ģеķԶ˿ȥʹھޱϵһȺˣǳ̹
СģЩµɱ¾ռСһһɱ¾ռĴ˹Աߵݰ꣬ȻڵҪȻЩһʱˣ֪ôһ¡
ǡӳݵİ꣬վҶǵǶǴ½ɱ¾ռģھʹź˵һɱ¾ռе顣ɱ¾ռ䣬ΪأȻΣķɱ¾ռ䣬ҵһ䣬߼룬ɱ¾ռ䣬ѾĿޱߵ򣬱˳Ŀ򣬷ֱ죬Įɳ죬죬Ѫ죬Ĵ֮⣬ɱ¾ռκεطǽֹжģΪطδ֪գóȻڣ
Ҷèжһ
ҶεĿ꣬׳ֻ꣬Ҫ׳ԼʵҲӣʱϵĹؿƣ
һǧѷĻᣬһŹ
Ŀ֮⣬򣬱ͳƻĿ򣬼һڱǿɱ¾ռ䣡ݰ˵⣬ȻһЦȻЩ岻κһķΧǳˣ꣬һӶǴͬһ֮Уڵ򣬽죡
죿Ҷĵһɱ¾ռĵȼƶȣҲǷǳɭϵģκһΪˣУȻᵮǿߡ
ôѵڵˣǰȥӦҶè괫
ôܣǼȻԵȻҪһɱ¾ռ䣬úĥһһ֪ҽԼ꣬ϵںص½Ρ
뵽ǸԶ֮أҶ꣬Ҳһ˿èȻҲô룬ɸеһ˿ǣΪ棬ϾΣķôôġ
ݰ˵ɱ¾ռ֮Уǳأأ߸طֱλΰľƣҲɱ¾ռˣƵɱ¾߾
ɱ¾߾ҶԼס˵ĳƺ
˻˼λɱ¾ɱ¾ռ䣬ƹߣʲôô˵ãĵ׵ʡ
ݰһ˿羴ΰɱ¾ǽϵĲǿߣ
ϵ磿ҶǿǿУ۷Ĵˡ
Ȼΰɱ¾ǲмڹκµģƽ飬ɸλȥ򣬱龳ǸľۼأԲϣܿסЩɣ
˻һҶĿɿڴ
ɣ
˵龳Լһˣֻѡһɽ
⣬ȻѪȵĥ¡
·;հҶа
䣡һ޴ңԶ
ˣɻ͸ޱϵˣԶȥֻңԶȺڰб˴ɱֻ˸Хرѣȷˡ
ǰˣһĮĽӰ˹д쳹ؼ䡣
Щڷɱ꣬һǾ֮ϵͼ
ʱһҲ˲ʲôޣ׷׳˷Ӵˡ
һգ۹Ӱʧˡ
һ·;УҶʮսĳ棬ǿߣڿͷ޷йŵĴӴܡ
Թ޵ľٶȣֱײֱ߷һڣǶôԶ
龳ˣ˹վ˸Ц龳ȽϽ֮Уھ˴β֮ҪܻģͿԷ棬ȻǲȥҲǿ
ݰվɡ
ԣҶһˣվ
ݰһ֣г˾ſָͷСѪɫʯͷÿһţѪɱ㣬Ǻöպˣǵ꣬кô
ֵһһš
Ѫɱ㣿ҶĿѪʯһۡ
ʯӣ壬ԼףǺͨĿʯֻҶȴиоһǳˬϢʯӣ
ޱϣͻȻһص½ֱͬ꣬ӱ˳ȥ
ҶҲȻڱ׳ѡ֮У׵֮ͷޣܿ죬ͻΪһɫ磬ʡ
ֱӳһǿҵˣһֻ龳ء
ҶӰ£ع֮ʱһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
£̵ľ޴ʯ壬ʯǺɫģһ˴еɫ


481 ڿ
èʲôںɫʯľͷһɽɽУȻŴѪɫݣֻɨһۣԾȻǧֻ
ǧֻѪɫݣܲҶҰ
ʱһֻѪɫݣȻһѪУΪһӰ漫ٷ˹
һλߣҶ֮ʱȴЦǸոɱ¾ռİɣӭѪ岿䣬ҪѪ岿䣬뽻һѪɱʯǻḺ𱣻㣬ԸǣԼɱ¾ռɣ
Ҷèһ㵡
㣬˵׵𣿡Ҷһͷˮ
ձߣһͺԼҪѪɱʯѪɱʯԼȻû㶮Ҳܹо̺Ϣ
ɴ˿ɼһƷˡ
ЦǸոɱ¾ռ䣬鶼˽⣬ǺãҾ˵һ㣡߻ķɱ¾ռ䣬½ʮ֮һΪʮ֮ף˲пɱ¾ɱ¾ɱ¾ռģ
˵ţߵ˫졣
Ҷȴĵװ
ĿɨҶֿ϶ĵȻʵ½꣬Ҫǿϲ٣ɱ¾ռУز죬Ҹ˵äĿҴԻһ죡
һ죿Ҷ΢΢һֱѯʵǲ䣬ԺǷ뿪
ȻԡͷЦֻǣ׳ղŻ뿪ûԱΣصɱ¾ռ䴳Ǹϲɱ¾Ӷˣʵ̫ˡ
ҶèһȡǿѪɱʯݸǸͷ
ãˣɡͷӹѪɱʯһ˿ϲɫҶһտɽ֮С
ͷҶһЩҪע󣬾ͻΪѪɫˣˡ
Ǹͷߺ󲻾ãҶ߲Զһɷļһ׵ƺƹƵķμһ˹
ˣһͬıӣͭ˫۴ţݺݵصҶŭСӣĥĥģȥ
˵ţָǰ
Ҷ˳ָķȥֻ㳡ľͷһɭϵĳš
ţǺɫΪֻгŵҶϣдѪĴ֡Ѫǣ
Ҷ½ʱƺδɭĳǳأɱ¾ռ䣬ȻǴƵأ͸Ź졣
ǰһӰƶ
ۼƵıֻҶû˵æӿ˽ŲǰĶС
ֱʱҶŹ˵ϴԼ塣
Ϊ̤֮֮ʱϺһЩĪĶȫ£һڵţϸһǰЩӰ£Ҳڵ
һݵɡ
è⵽ʲôطǹҶԺһƬңֻèϣԼˡ
İɣڵֻϣ֮壬ɱ¾ռ䣬ǸǳĴڣӵݵ㣬̵벻ĺôҲ˵ˡ
ҶĵǣèȴûʲôҶĳ컯һ㡣
ǰ䶯ţҶ˸ǰˣҶһһɺϵĺŨһЩ
⼫ˣȽϵ
ҶϵĺͺֻܵкٵļƣҪǲϸĹۿ׺ӹȥ
ڣҶһˣ߽˳
ǣǲδڳʲôǼǻǰֱӱ˳Աߵһʯ
峿ڳǰۼһǧꡣ
ҶȻҲڶ֮С
ܿ죬Ǹֳֺڱ޵Ĺƣ£˹
Ǽһվһ֮ǰ˵˼仰
Ϊ½꣬ˣ򵥽һ´Ļ
ȴԭڵǳأǹ½һǼϽһǳأֻΪɱ¾ռһּΪ
Ǹֳֳ޵ļһҽʷǺѪ󿪲ɲ๤Ҫʴҳȥɼ
Ҷˣɻ
ίʵףνʲôΪèҪԼУǰɼ½˵йɱ¾ռĴţȫһ
Ҷʡ
֣ͨ꣬һУ֪ʵʵèİΪá
ʷѵϣ㼴ǧ꣬ǰš
ǰŵ;УҶסض
Ѫǣ˲գƺ½ĳǳأû̫һ¥ܲнᾮȻʱڷн
֡
ʳҶҲδмʵĸоֻǺĳصʧ
ճţǰ¾һ䣬üǺɫغͺɫɽʯһԶȳö磬ҶɼĴ˸вʡ
ĺɫϣҲһƬţżܿһЩѪɫķݣӹʡ
һǣʷһӣһֽУҲҵİ׹⣬漴ֶ£꣬УĻҫŲʮܼĹŹַġ
Ļһ⣬ǵϣ㶼¶һ顣
ȥڣ·̣һ·壬ԱֻЩ굽˿󾮣д벻ˣʷԸġ
֣зãƺмٵЧ
ʷλӶλãһӣһǧ꣬ƮƮڵؽ
һ·ϣûʲôΣнٶȺܿ죬йֵӳ֣Լʱ֮󣬾͸ϵڵء
ʯĹģЩס
ԶԶȥһ޴Ĺ֣νƬԶԶͷ
ʷ֮ǰֹͣǰһӣһɫĹâзɳϢĴ͸˹֣ûС
һᣬһζһˮƵĲˣֳһŻ
ʷ漴ʹǰŻ֮С
˾͹֣ǰΣΪ֮һ䣬ܷȥǺɵһƬɽܶط͸͵İɫâȻصص׵ʯɢˡ
Щ΢꣬ˣȥ֮󣬶Ҫʹĸɻ˭Ȳٿʯ˭ͿȻغѪϢ˭Ҫ͵ˣɱֱ˲ӳǣ
ʷݺݵѵ׺֮ɫ
ٺ٣ʷ˵öԣ˭Ҫ͵ˣ˼Ҷ֣۵Ⱦʰվڶǰߵһӿ˵
˼黫ʷĳš
ʷģƺԴ˵ƨãȵЩĹ»ҰѼһ﷢ȥү˭͵͸үݺݵᣡ
ǸͷһӦ
ÿ궼ַһСºһӡ
ǱС·ǽƺľƵģоܳ
ǸӣҲӦñֶƹȻʲôռҲвСĿռ䣬°ٿʯ
һ㣬Ҷʮֺ棬Ǹӷȥֿȴ˿Ҳ
ǼȻ֮
ַϣʷһӱӣǽ󾮡
ЩбµģЩطʮֶ͡
½󳡣ĿӵҪʹ¿ĿԵ֧һߣԷ⡣
ɱ¾ռ䣬Ȼ˷¡
Ǽ㲻մأôƮȥˡ
ߣʮְҶЩ˵һ㹻ˡ
ӵѾصԽȥǿҡ
ܹѡΪ󹤵꣬Ի̣֮УҲֵܼסȻҲһʱƣʱ̫Ͳˡ
Ҷսصײã㲻סźһЩλĺӿȥܣֻȫǿŴǰ
Ҷĵطû˺ġ
Ǹָǵָߣ˵װסɱ¾ռ꣬ǧ򣬶һ࣬һ٣ڴ˴ɢѹͲġ
Ҷ¿󲻾ã˺üˡ
ΪλѮͣȥƣȫ£ˡ
λߣʷæӭȥʩ˵㳤ϡ
ɫ䣬˿Խ
Ҷ㳤ϣһҪӲˡ
ȥ㳤Ͼȫȫһˣͬһɱ¾ռ䣬ϻɢһرѹ֮产ˡ
㳤ϵ˵ͷϴ֮ɫ˵򣬼ΪռǷ˴ǮģĳԽԽˣʯĳɫƷ࣬ҲԽԽ
ʷͬе˵ǰ˵ôһ󣬲Ų˼꣬ǲᷢµģûһֹΣʵŹֵýƺʲôˡ
㳤һʷ˵⻰ָ


482 
ʷæЦ˵㳤ϣҲ˵˵ѣɱ¾ռ䣬ɣȡ֮ʲôǵأ
㳤˵ʵҲͷΣ죬˵һҲͰˣ鲻ǲĿϱߵʯɫãԽȥʯĳɫƷԽߣȫˣʵ벻ס
ʷ³˵ʦ壬飬ǧ򻯣ĪⰡܹˡ
㳤˫ü΢ƺʲôص飬˵Һܾǰһ伮֮ϼһּءⱾ伮ȱȫصҲǻĵĴš˵ڼżһֽĸĶϵȡƬ
ʷֶ
꣬㳤ҡҡͷ˵Ŷѣġ󲻵òˣʯĳɫ̫ɻȥҲûô治ҪЩӵʯģ⿪µˡ
ҶһԿڡ
ʷһӱӣغūţŸʲôϽĸɻ
ǴӦŵԻеľС£ʼɽڼʯ
ϸɻȻ»꣬ӦöӪϤˡ
ͷСºأͨʯ飬ͬһ㣬Ӧֶ飬ô
ֻʯʱ򣬲ŻӦлʯ
Ҷ»״ҲѧС£
ʯǱԲεģҲεģСࡣ
ҫһ͵Ĺʯ̲صʯʮַḻǱŬܴһͨʯͷѰһʯ
˵ص磬ңҶܿ;ԵܣԺ𽥿ʼģؿһľʹϵĺҲŨסð壬һɢΡ
ҶоȥöãӾͻȫɺòӰˡ
ҶѾԼ֪ڵꡣҲ˵һһɢ
һˣҶ淢̿
ɢˣ񲻾ǻҷ
ֻǵ֮ʱȴް취ֻܻеػС£ɽȥ
ڣҶڵ˵һʯ
ҶָһӴʯʱ˲䣬ͻ
ʯеԪܵĳ־޴һ㣬ɿӿ룬ٶȽ֮֮ʱֹ˰ٱϡ
ҶȻ˫ۣ𾪣ղǺһתķԿԼܷΪξǷ䣿
ɫ粻ΣҶһĨᶨ֮ɫ漴ٶȱ۾תķ֮ǰѾʩչ֮ϸע֮ڵĶ
һ˿Ԫӵ֮ڽ뾭תɽڣһƺû쳣
ҶΪͷ΢壬ƸղԪӿһĻһþڵĻ׳һָ֣νͣ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻо֮һ󲨶ղǹϤĸоٶȴʯԪʱһĿٶȷӿ
Ҷ׼˲δֹеľеС
ֻ֮еѪͨɢɫâǹɹɢ
ӿڵԪǱ˾󲿷֣Ҷòʮ֮һˡ
ˣ̶ʱڣ˿ܣǴ˼֡
Ҷſ۾ȻЩ󣬵ǸȴǾϲ֮⣬ޱȵѪٶȣԻﵽ˳ĵز
սȭͷһţؼ
ĺҵ裬ձؽٱ
գҶ߳󶴣ڼ־ϲ֮⣬Ѫ֮ǿԶԶ󣬲ǽڿһҹʯԭϸСĻǴﵽСָϸ
֮ڣ꣬泩ޱȡ
ڶ㣡
һҹʱ䣬Ҷܴﵽ˾磬ٶȥԻᾪߣ
Щר֮ĹţϣҲԲ˿ֲٶȡ
öѪҶܣһ¶ȥ챦Իۺ죬ؽ֮أ
Ҷɫ࣬£ֻһ֪׽֮ˣҲԲܸ֪
Ǵ˶֮ҶᵣĻ˲쳣Ǵ˵λɱ¾ռıԵһķϿ󳡣һЩﵽ񾳽ˣᵽ˴İȫԣǴӡ
Ҷ΢ĺ֪䣬Լôһæ»ÿѪɡ
֪֮ģʵߣ꣬Ҳٶȣǳޣ䣬ûֹ֮ķ
ԼȻͨѪֻ֮ˣġ
һգҶһֱڿ̤󶴰벽
չҶ˫ۣһâ˲
ڶ۷壡Ҷսȭͷ¶Ц⡣
漴üͷһ壬¶ֳ֮ɫ
ȻѪڣ棬Բ⣬Ǳ˲û˿̨꣬Ȼܹ˶̵ʱڣڶ۷徳磬Щˣ
Ҷ¶ֿ֮ɫĵܹһϢĹ򵥶ˡ
תðͷʱ֮еѪϿգȻ両ֳϸСķģԵ֮ϣǲ»ɬĻƣ֮У޾֮⡣
˱ʣҶһ漴ϸϸȥ
ֻѪ֮ðķģ򽣬ɣϸе΢âԵ쳣
Ȼ֪Ϊܿļصݣһ̣Ҷ㱻ƪȫС
ʱҶſ۾ϲɫ
ƪһĹҸǸžϢЧǽҶ˿ٵ⣬ܲϲ
ϸϸнһߣȷûκ©֮ǰĥ֮Ҷĵͷ漴
ʮպҶһ漴
ʱһĸоͷо˵ĸоƺ˲Բ֮ڣһƬҶ£Ӳĸ֪
ʶǿˣ
ͻȻֵı仯־ϲֱ仯Ǵﵽʦ֮󣬲õʶǿܣ˿̣ʿ˶ε۷徳磬һ㣬ɱˡ̶ȡ
һϢЧʱãҶϵϢͻȻΪͣڻھ磬Żͣס
Ҷĵͷϲ¶Ц⣬Ȼ֪ЧΣעĻӦᱻ˲ǡ
Ҷû˽Ŀ˳ȥɽȣϲ¶֮ɫ
Ȼڿֱʯ꣬ҳڿڿܾСǰһεĽȴӲġ
ڰڣһʯҪ󶴣ѪǣΪһλ¹
Ҷողڿ󣬰չأһϽʯֻЩԱİһеʯ֮󣬱󶴵ȥ
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ΰ֮ڣջʮöƷʯ񣬽굤һö
ɣ֮ڣջöƷʯֱѪǡ
һϽʯ֮ʱ׷ɫҴңÿչؼϢʱ䣬ΪޣȻǲа˷ѣس
ʷÿµйº󣬷æһ䷿ȥΪﵽ˻Ĳ۷壬гʾܹﵽ㣬յ£Ϊ洫ӡ
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ʷִ¡ڴʱ⴫һ΢İ
ʷ΢㶣ߵļѣܿ뵽ݣһɫȴǵɡ
Ҷ߽ʷȻϣüûɽҪû񣬾ֻ뿪ˡ
Ҷ΢΢̾ɱ¾ռůǣصһûֵ֮󣬾ͻᱻķʷԴ˵̬ȣҪԱ䵭
ǺǣǰȴЩҪʷִ°æʷִҲ֪СĲ󳡲ãĶĺܣЩʱգʷִ³ȫ
ȫ㣿ʷüͷ΢壬¶ŭ⣬˵Ǳ˲Ըæй涨ÿߣðԭ£Ҫû񣬿¡
ҶԣϹ¶ɫ漴һҧʷִһܹͨһСǰãڵһöƷʯûϽֻΪТģʷִ¶æ
Ҷ¶ʹı飬Ӵóһöͨľʯϡ
ƷʯʷһϲæУȷ֮϶˼Ц⡣
ƷʯܹᴿӣߣмĺôʷæͻΪ˿̵õƷʯȻϲ


483 
ȻɣйöƷʯ£ɱй¶ҪȻҾҪÿƷʯʷ̬ȣҲ˼֡
ʷҴȥıӰҶ¶Цɱ¾ռůȻԡ
ѪָʾèĲ̽ЩҶջ񣬿Ƿǳϲ˵ģʯھö
öƷʯֻнΪͼһ飬ҶȻڳһƴֵģ˶թ
ѴʯԼżȻãʷҲûеȥ֤ҶȻǳġ
һºʯѾ쿪ˡ
ʱ֣һȥ֮󶴣ʱ
ҶŰƴСһʯСĽ֮ΪҲﵽ˻ڰ˲ľ硣
ȻѪʯһˣƾԼϵĴҲ֮ˡѾտҲĿ󶴣Ҷ̲ס¶ֿЦؿڱһʯϡ
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һ죬Ҷһ㶣İ
ɿعͷǰ⻬ʯڣȭá
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ʶһ㣬ҶϺܿ¶˼ֺ֮⡣
˴λƫƧչʱ䣬زҶС¿ȷ֮󣬷ּӻóǱ̣ʯϻȥ
ע̣üΪһǲʯڣ˫΢һԼ˴Сʯ顭
Ҷʯһߣǰڹ¡˵ɽԳֳ֮ɫ漴Ŀ΢¶ᶨ֮ɫɽȥ
ڣ߼Ϊ谵Ҷ΢ܣת˫Ŀ֮ϣҲǰǰ·һ·ǰС
ʮҶŲͻȻһ٣ִɽһЩо㳱ʪϢϲ¶ɫѵ˴󲻳ɣ
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486 
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ÿеطỤ̃飬ͻӿ
һֵսҪʼˣҶʶԼãҲһƴս֮УɼӿƶĽŲ
ˣûõǣվˣɫĸߴʬƴŭţͬʱһ֪Ūʯʴ󴸣ÿһûע⵽˵á
ҶϽŻܲȹǣķ뵽ʬӪ档
ܺãҲôڻңеίˣûڻңǿ״µڻңǧԼ³ʱҪסģǲҪסͬĴ·˶ѡ
ҶԱҲѵ֯жӵģֹǰһɫʬ
Ƕͼ飬ȻܹҲȻ߹ʺ˵Ľ꣬ôǾпܳΪʬҪ׳ɿ״İ飬ǿżһ£ǧҪ档ȱãҪɰ飬ԺܸεĸǣԲܵ顭
áʬ飬Ҷסȼ
֮Уͼģá
һʬԼܹһá
ǸɫʬΪ״˵İҹӦѾĹˡ
ˣٶ࣬ЩûӵãҲǲסעһ棬ȻΪڻҳ棬Ǳɵ顭
ɫʬȻֿ죺˭ӳǻܿ챻ɹͷӣվԼȥѡɣ
ɫʬ˵꣬ʼԶɽķȥҶܽļڽһм䣬ǰƶͬʱзĦɫʬ³Ǹİۣ
ڴûöӵдУвٶ֮ãֱӱҶڵĶǰʬУʯÿһҵǰ·;ϵ顣
һԽԽĶ飬ʼ֣Ҷ˸వɫʬÿһŲͬʯԼĪһҵǰ
ֻ飬⻥ײͷʬͷȻԼԼãҪͶԷͻ
Ҷע⵽ʬҲѡԱģʬһֻѡãҶΧ˫ߵãӵʬһˡ
뵽Ҷ㲻ڶ룬оԼٶȣϰ˵Ĳ
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֪˶ãǰڳһЩ͹ͷֲͬ
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ר·Ҷ̧ͷΧŨ̺ͻ⣬ԭԼ֪УѾսǰߡ
棡ͷʬŵзĽ٣ͻȻŭһʯڵķҶɻǣԼ֮⣬ö飬һ˲䶼ȥ
ѵЩö
ҶһĹΧѾûͬ飬ʣһˣվСƬյС
尡ҶŤͷǣһǿ׳ʬĶ飬˳һϮ
Щͼ飬Ȼûпǣ棬ֻսıܣҶԺһͷæһɽڴ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ղվ֮أͱûˡ
ʱһԶʮ֮ӰȴǺҶϡ
ڿʲôͷ췢Ļߴս˻ԼĻ飬еĳλãѾ˺ܾãЩŵʵ
ڿǸѪɫãƺӵǣȻսУҵ˶صĵطˣſһʯ棬ֻһ˫۾ʯϸУҶ
ӵǣ˫ۣϸܵİɫ˿۽ǣ˳ŰָԵķ򣬻˰칦򣬲ŴããУҶ۲Ƭ̺ͣм˵ǲùã񾭹ˣֻһɵãսʧԼĶѣôȤ
ٺ٣ɱ¾ռ䣬һֱһŻûУ˻еĲмǸһ˿Цһɽ֮ûκжҶȻڣ
ӵǣпܽµ֮
֮ޣԱߵȻóѾѹɤӣǲС֮ѾǧûгֹˣôܴЩͷ
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ԶҶԼʮ֮λãɫ飬վһ͹СɽϣԴ鿴ǰʮ
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һźɫİ飬ȻãͷϣڵĶǣЩ˵ףҪ⣬ȡ֮ҿǻǸϽ뿪ɡ
һ˹੹Ц㲻˵ҲСĵģҼȻ˰飬ȻѾΪɱ¾еҲֵġ
һ͹ɣҽɳʬ档ޱĿǧսںɫе˫ԼкɫĹâ˸
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磬ֱˣ
ҶתܣܿսһƬïܵĴ֮С
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ϣһ䵥ãһòӢ꣬йҶŹʵᣬһ±˷ҪץȥɱƷҵķ棡
˵꣬뿪˶飬Ҷȥ
˾ͽ㣬Ҫȥλڶм䣬һź۵ͷֵʱѾˣıӰüͷšһ飺Сһܱӣ治ô
ĥߣûע⵽ͷǣ˷ܵĸԼͬͣͣ˾㣬ֻһãûκιܣ֮ͼĴڣȭͷ
֮ɱ¾ߣǹ˼ʣԴ󲿷ֵʵϰߣ֤ԼŤ̬һֱҪǳΪɱ¾֮󣬲ŻŤת
ʱǶ֤Ȥת޵ص׷ȥ
˾ͽ㿴ĳӵܣˣɱ¾ռ䣬ֻһֿܣǾĥǵ꣬·ϣߵøԶ
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ҶԼ񱼶˾ͽ㣬ЩɻҲЩȡԷǽԼˣ
뵽۵ʱҶʶԼ˿̣ƺΣ֮У±׾­ǣĴѰҿ·ڡ
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ֻбܵɱ¾ǿκλᷢʽĹǰãûзĶ˾ͽȥ
һ࣡
ͼ飬ûмܣҲûУһǿ׳ĺӣȭͷǵĹͷЩõĹЩµĻƿӲ˶٣һ顣
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˵֮ʱȴܵйã


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ʱսϵķ棬ѾʧˣŨ̺ɢ֮󣬾һźɫ˴֮С
Щ飬һɫʬÿһʬõ鲼ʾԼڲͬĵλǵӣӲдһɫ硣
˾ͽ㣬˺ܶʬһͬек
˾ͽͷһƣҲɫһ䣬˷ܣֻҪԼЩƤӵŪһãصħ֮׼ЩŵļһĿ࿴
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˾ͽ㣬Σգͷô󼱣æ׳һɫķ䣬Ϊһ֮꣬סȻ˾ͽ󺰡
˾ͽûǳ嵽ҶǰȭͷҶ­һȭȥã֣
ҶҲſãȫ£ôһУûȥԴûҵͷʹʹ̱ǵĻζһѣΡ
վԭأûκζ
׽㣬Ƴɱ걾ڿûҪˣ˾ͽʧȥģݺݵĽһӣĿʼлǻۡ
ҶоΧ¶ȼߣܴܵľʹû뵽һǸ˫ϵߣҶȻһ̧ͷ˾ͽ㡣
˫ϵ߹Ȼֻ֮壬ȻҲԪУҲֻһˡʱҶͻȻһݵֹǣȻס˾ͽĲӡ
˾ͽĲӣͻȻҶסʱͨ죬ҶָֻǣȴЩָǣӲķ·ľ
־͹۹̫ƫƫǵ˱үҶһͷϣͻȻ䡣
һĻ˾ͽУڳ˿־壬ҶԭǰɫĹϣȻ͸ѪɫЩѪɫɢơ
ãɫ䣬ԾϰգҶ˾ͽ˫̤֮УϲȳһŰɫâ
ɽֵһͷЩʬҲ׼ȷİסսͻȻ˳ȥˮ㣬ǸΧɱ˹ȥ
ԭһּ̧䣬һƬ޴Ļ棬Щ飬Ҳˣ˾Ԯ˾ͽʱ
·ɣҶо˾ͽֱۣ͵˼㡭ڡ͡һһ̣Ĵܳͱ˾ͽĺ
ܣ˾ͽ㿴Լĺɫ壬ҶȾīɫ˾
ߵģһ³˵ףˣ
ڿУֵĿ˾ͽѸȥ֮𣬴۾ߡ
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Ҷƴ˾ͽĲŲһϸ룬Ҳ֮˾ͽ㲱ϵĶĳȺǰǱ̣ࡣ
ҵ鼼
ҶЩĿĵ룬˿̣ϵ̣ˡ
ý֮ʱǱ̣ͻȻõĹͷ棬һ̣
˾ͽˣɱ¾ռ䣬Զǧ֮һѪɫǱ棬һͷվˣ˰ɣ⺢Ӳ֪ĿһУԶħҲһܱȽԼҵֵǿЩҲ̫ˣȻҶԶħ˳֣һǶһɡ
ͷһ˼ǴʰЩ顭
˭֪վֱ壬ͻȻһѺذף޼ؿð˳Ѫɫ񻨶һƮ
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ͷѪ֮Уžʹ󾫻һ㣬һڣĲ˫Ʈ̽һأ磬ͷжȻʧһӰƶ
ӰƶķǳǱ֮ԽԽԶ
֪ػߴɱʽͷʧȥȴһ˿ЦԲ鰡˭ֻҪħսϵʵͻᱻĺɱ
ߣ֪Ƕħոʧȥɱ¾ռǿıߣ˾ͽУѹôȽ˾ͽʬû˵
֮ܣԶ󣬺ҶͷΧÿһԽҶķ顣
ҶȻѽ֮ɱ¾ռ䣬ѾǱȽǿĴˣϻߵĶ֣Щʬںߵ£˲䱻ըɷĩ
ڣЩĻ׼Լͷ
ҶЦһֻý˾ͽʬ壬Լͷϡ
һĻɫһ䣬ˣ˾ͽʬԼĺۼ᳹ʧȥ粵ĻᣬԼĺѿ
ɾʱողŽ˾ͽҶȴͻȻ鵽һĻУһžᣬûüӦžᣬȴѾ˳
ڰеľᣬѷһĿİ׹⣬һӽҶ˾ͽʬ壬סˡ
طӦɢҶ΢΢һȻӣһ׹УͲӰ
ĺߣǻŭתƵЩʬϡ
һĵص׶ѨУһɫӰһӰи֡
ԭҶɱ˾ͽ֮ʱһѾое;ˣҲûܾС


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ԣҶ԰˴ԵħսΪѰķͻȻ͵߰ĵطȻԵǿԸ⿴ġ
ͣƬ̣ҶĿʶüͷ̲ס΢΢һ壬ڹ֮أڵʶΪȴֻǿǷԲʮɵĵط
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⵽ǻþĳ׵ĻأҶЩХȴδеֵ֮⡣
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ʱèҲһڹ⣬棬ʱ߱ҶΪšãʱ˱仯
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ղžҶ׼̽һѪ˾˽֮ʱèͻȻһȻ֪èΪʲôҪ˼ȴҶףãԼסѾʶ
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֪ӵԼǣҪﵽʬĳ̶ȣ߽СšãȻԼסټɣں˾ͽĻʵ󾳣ʬ磬źܴĲࡣ
һãȻǣȻҶ֮⡣
ѵãѾһ֮·
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ĿǰŵʶӦǺĻ㲻зɵΣա
ӵʶã˽׵֮ǱܹȼĴڣԼһƣǿҶʵ

ſڷһƵĺͣб䡢ɭǿζȴš
ɨǰΧڶѪˣкâ˸ɿͣ½Ų˹ڵأ͸һɾηϢ
Ҷüë΢¶ɫȴû뵽ţֱܹѹѪˣ


489 ǵ
𣡡ڶڵصѪˣſзһӰ˲仯ΪһѪ⣬һڹڵصѪ˳ȥ
ֻ֮꣡ϡ
Ѫ֮ЩѪ˵ͷ­ʱ׷ѣһѪ⣬ԥС
Թź¾ڶѪˣ¶Ϣ΢΢ȴûκһڷߡ
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𣡡ſзһֻڵɪɪѪˣкâһ漴վߵǰڵأĤݾһ㡣
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УһӴֿ񱩵սںȻɢǲԭԶԶȥ
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ʯ̨֮ϣͨɱ¾еʯС໥ɱ¾ǵˣٶҲá
ЩһǣǳͻὫ֮ϷֵһɶʱȲˡ


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ҶЦҾͲҪˣȸְɡ
ҽл죬⼸ֵܣûȤǺһƣɱ¾УħսĵطʽûʲôΨһͬǣͨңɱ¾㡣棬һɱ¾㣬ͿԹʮϺõĹƣܱ˵ģҿСô飬ֻ󷽣û׼ջСӦòںһɱ¾ɣ
ǲںǰ·ɡҶٺһЦһƽϡ
էҪǲ˴·ֻûͷӬƵҴԺֻôģ֪
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龰磬ڽСΧ˲һ㣬Ϊ졣
ɭгĺ꣬ȻЩ̽Ӷ֮УһЩرҩҶ
ʱ䣬Ҳ̽˲йɱ¾е顣
վһɽϣҶǼһͷľͳǽٸǴӳǽ棬ƮѪ̲֮סһ
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ʯС֮ϣһǧ˵ĴӣƺƵСͷľ޴б۶ȥ
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Ϊɱ¾УħսһǳĵĻҷΧĳЩӶŵϲ
ЩӶţǲϲ߰ȡ޷¸·ߣսơ
ħսһƬδ֪Ŀռ䣬棬̫ûп󡢻ǽÿЩ죬Ӷս
ЩӶţҲӦ˶ǻսУĳһӶþ޴ıꡣ
Ȼֱ꣬ǲƣΣնȣҲǼߣϾڲпᡢѪȵӴսϣǧ˵Ķ飬һǱȫɱҲΪ档
ΪεԵʣΪȫ½ҵߣѵ˴ҰѪȵĹ
⣬˴½ϣ⣬ָ壬ٲȻγһ֮ء
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仰˵Ǳǡǿʳ
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⣬ɱ¾УҲ˵Ǵ½һ鱨վÿ춼鱨Ȼ鱨ת
ţֱ׵˵ҪҪ½ɱ¾УܹĽݾȻǰ߱㹻ʵ뱾ǮĻǳǳ
Ϊһ½Ļҵɱ¾УʵģÿǿȥҲǿߣӿ롭
Ƭ򣬳ҲսջƼĸ߼似Լסҩꡢߵ޺˵ȵȣۻҡ
˵ɱ¾еУ˾Ʒ䣡
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żӶŶӣԸڤ޵ʬ壬ɭдĳб۶ȥ˰ܻΧһĽĿ⡣
ҪħսɱɲǼ򵥵¡
ҿĻʮֵܣͷڤޣȴǸǮһƬɭֵĳڴʮѪ۵Ĵ󺺣ֵ˳
ϣһͷͲСڤʬ壬Ѫܵ棬ڤǱԴ˰׻Խȴûκζ
ڤ֮꣬һַǳħսĿ棬û޻ڤޣǱΪǮ
ͷڤڣһ޻Ļٿɱ仯ϰɱ¾㣬һǱܹǮɱ¾еϣһƷˡһʵ
Ʒ䣬ģ䣬棬ֻҪң棬ȴҪϰɱ¾㣬ˣֱѪתһͷĺӣһĭ
ٺ٣˵ǰãһǵڷһͨֻҪṩܹõǧɱ¾㣬пܽ꣬ɶʱֺ˰
һЩݵӣĨһϵѪ˵ǧɱ¾ʱε̰
Сӣղűڤɵ˰ɣͷƳһۣƲѵ֪ܱǵ׷ɱˣжôֲǵġ
ٺ٣Ҳ˵棬е˵ڹǵ棬ʲôȻùǵʮͨڨڨ˵ǵʮһͻᴫɱ¾ռ䣬˵ߵıһǼĶ֮
ĶЩ飬ûаϵǰˡͷЦĥˣϽӻسǣϢһ죬컹ҪƴˡȻĻƾڵǿȣ棬Ҳֲ˼ˣģطҲ֪ôһ£ȻҪĻܣȥٶȣȲĵٶȣ͵Żɢɡ
ͷߵĺѪ۵ӣҲֻε˼ߺųȥ
ȺӶ󣬻еһ꣬Ŀɨһǰ΢΢ףӰò
ΣͱˣȻʮͨǵʲôЦһ΢΢̧ͷ¶ӣ


493 
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ֻè˵ȳɱ¾ռ䣬ȥоˡ
ϣɱ¾У뿪ħսķҿɲһӡ뵽Ҷ۷Щڲ֮󣬲Ų˳֮С
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Ϊ֪ƣᣬеʱ䡭
߽ţҶڶ֮ĿĴɨɨȻüͷһ壬Ŀͣ˳Ŵŵһưװϡ
ʱǰװ֮ϣȻͬͷҶĿһɨǷ֣ͷһ֮ģһȻò
ȻǵƬɱ¾ռ䣬ͬСɣȻܾݴˣԼʵò
Ϊץңǵǿߣ˲˼ЦһҶĿƳſڣسȻ;ߵݡ
ÿһȥˣᱻЩŻ񣬱ȶ԰죬֮󣬲Ż˽ǡ
ԼӹǵȡߵöӣǸأ΢΢üͷҶ૵ҪȻǹǵǿߵԣԲ˴µѲԼ
ãǸͼѣģȻôţ浱ɱ¾Уһ߳˵㰡ҶЩ֮ʣǰһλسǵӣȻͣŭ
ҵĴ磬С㣬Ȼǵʮͨɱ¾е£ɱ¾еֻǵܽ󻯡˵ˣǵǾãͬСɣӵʮͨˣȻֺһһæסǸŭߣ
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Ӹո䵽棬ҶǼæһ֮УúһŴݵ߽ɱ¾ĶС
ҪͣһʱգõһЩħսԼǵ鱨
뿪ɣǵǳǿڵʵԺǿ⡣èȻҶĶ
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Ҷ٣ͱûûˣһ֮ǵȫˣȡһöǳӣ¼˵ħսǷŽ½ҲõĿġ
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ΪҵĸһסġҶЩ˻ƣЦİɣèĵ׵ǸԸһգһʵֵġ
ҵԸԣèһβŵģұˣ٣Ըʵ̫ƮģǰʱҲûаܣοڵ㡣
ҶĿ⻺ڽֵɨû˾֮кȻһʵèĺܺ棬ǰǿʱʵ
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΢УҶǹһĨǳǳȣǵδ֪ǿߣʵ֮ϣ˵Ǹʥ
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˳ڣǳؽ½޲ͬߣ󶼲ĴҴңϴһɵɷ
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Ҷԣüͷ΢һ壬漴ͷ׼ݷһЩѣ֮䣬ȥڱȽɭϵĵضƣܹ·һЩɱ¾㣬һõóġ
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Ҫȥʲôط԰գͣ½ŲټǰС
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Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ¶֮ɫˣ˷ʱ䣬ǽгɡ
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Сӣõɱ¾㣬ҽȻϹɱ¾СӴˣȻűԪڳ⾵¾УаԵ޼ɵ
һҲЩԴټΪ⣬һ㶼оɱ¾ֻ֣ЩģûбС֣һҲδͱ¨ӡ
ͷ˲޲ֻͬҪԼߵЩͬʵŵùԹ԰ϵɱ¾㣬˫ַϡ
ԾǣСӵɫǼΪƽǴ¶ֳ֮⣬ƱٵĶ󣬻һ
ʱһŭڹӵԴӳΪԪڵŵɱ¾Уû˭
СӣֱֻһͷԳԣڣɲòСƽϢԼķŭˣ
ж񶾵ͷһȻֵϣҪ֣Ū˻һЩͬһŸʽıУ໽ţǰ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˷ʱ䣬ң˲ʩչΪһ磬Ⱥ֮С
һʱ䣬ֻأ䣡첻ϡ
ҶδʲôУȭͷͿȼƷھս֮󣬶ƶļͳ̶ȣٴͻƣﵽ˿ɳñеĵز
ڵҲԣԼʵЩĻۣﵽʲôĵزЩԶȻŹˡ
ڵȭ俪ɽʯԾ˾󲿷ֵȭȭ⣬ȻЩٵˣ޷֮
ʮӣЩˣѾڵϰ


494 
㣬ʲôҸ㣬ɱ¾УȻɱ¾ǧҪҪǸҶңһĺѿ
ˣΪûܿ˶£ѾɾڵأСӣôôֲٶȣ
ҶԣȴһЦҲϻһֱһȭڴ˵ı֮ϣջ֮Զ
Լǳէһɱ˽ԹЩˣûˡ
Ŀܱһɨû˽ҶЩ˵ϣͳͳϴһ˶ɱ¾㣬΢΢ҡͷ漴˰ľͷ
κӰʧ
ϴû°ɣȵҶԶڵϵЩ죬һȳһգŽӷк֮ɫ
ղ˵Ϊɲ⣬ҿԷûɱ֣Ǿˡ
ϴô죿Ԫڵˣɴûûгƿϰ߰Сӣâһ
ԣĿ˸Ƭ̣漴âһߣȥϴʮ֣ŵõɱ¾㣬Ϊɽ˺úңһʱˡ
ȴû뵽ֽҶһϴȥθġ
ڳſڵЩˣǼ䳬Ⱥ֮ʱҶȻɣڰС˳ʱȻˡ
ǿǲǸղűݹߵͷôںö˶˵߳ˣ
˭֪һѹûɱ¾㣬ݹһ󺣱⣬󣬾ͷ˰ɡ
пܣȫ£ôûһ˺ۣ
꣡˵ˣ˹ˡ
ҶĿĿ˸һɨҲ˵ڻһóʺεҺ壬Ҫ򵼣˭ṩõķɱ¾㣬ˡ
ɱ¾㣡
ֻǳ䵱һ򵼣
ߵһ͹۵漴ð֮ɫ
ֵܣ˵ҲʮˣһУǷǳϤ
ҿڲһѾĲºòãҪϸ㣬ڻվﴵƨ㣬Ȼӵ⣬λֵܣҳ䵱򵼣飡
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⣬λֵܣңһеλȻֻֻͨҪֵܽȥͿ϶ҪƷڴ˿̣һ
ҶĿһɨȺĺ󷽣һԼʮˣ΢üУ涼Щʲô
ҿڲһֵܣҪ˵УͨλҪɱ¾㣬򵽣ʱ򣬾ɱ¾㣬һõôܻĶ
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ҿҲĵĲˣҲûû˰ɣˣʲô˵
˵䳰ȷǸˣȴǵͨ죬ִӻóһɫͨ죬мӡĪŵƣ볡ľ볡ľҴһǰġ
԰գ̧ͷϵܣ볡ȯǧȷҿԴǰȥֻҪȥˣ֪٣Ҫ֧ʮɱ¾㡣
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лˣԣʱϲæ·ǰȥ
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ţҶɨΧһ֮󣬱ǿʼĿʼ


495 ֮
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漴һֳȣŵˣ̨䣬ЦлλǰμӴ˴ᣬᣬ˴λû飬Ǵ˴Կʼˡ
ȴƬ̣˳΢΢һЦֵȻˣʽʼ£̨棬ͻȻһʯ̨
ΪнƷ˵ʶĿ⣬޷̽룬Ȼ֪Ǻ
λһһλɢޣھһ£żûԵĳϹŴܵĶڣõһ䡣һЦ˵˴΢ͣ٣ŽԵⲿΪֹԪƷλƷͬСɣͨмʦʵļһǧɱ¾㣬ȤģԿʼˡ
˵䣬ʯ̨һ㣬ĽƣʱƳ¶һɫӾᡣ
Ʒ䣡Ҷԣбһ½ҲЩϵܹóȼɡ
䣬κһµ֮ڣΪ֮û뵽һƷ˹أ
е֮ȻһıҶĿһɨֲߣⲿ䣬Ƿǳѡ
Ƭ̺ǰʮţһݿµߣҳһǧɱ¾㡣
Ͽڣ˲佫Ǵ֮ˣһʱ䣬ۡ
һǧ壡
ǧ
ǧ壡ⲿ䣬λƷڴ˵еϽ䣬Ȼᣬ̶ʱڣ۸ǲϷﵽһľļ۸
һɱ¾㣡һţһɭߣڵⲿ䣬Ϸڱصãλи㣬Ҫپˡ
۸ѾֵļޣϱֻܷˣĿɨǼĶ֣¶֮ɫδۣвϲɫ
ڴ˿̣¥ڣȴͻȻһɱ¾㡣
Ŀݵԣһ漴һ˿Թɴǳ֮ˣԹǴͷɥصλϡ
Ȼǹ˳֣Ѿûм۵ˡ
ǧɱ¾㡣ڴ˿̣Աһڣһ˵
򡣡еᡣ
ΪֹԪƷ䣬ڸ£۸ڽڱǣձĺŰᣬɱ¾ߡ
һԸ߼۳ߣЦʤ˴ǻ侲˵ڶ
ڶһڤﵣһڤߵľԪϵ߹ǣƶɣ߶֮󣬿ͷųʮõڤУܼǿмɳɱߵɱڰߵľѻ֮д˱ʵһΣڻ¡ﵣ׼һɱ¾㣬λԳˣȻﵣǼڤһߣУЩڰԪص˵Ǳᣬɴı
Ըһʼ۱ǼΪ𱬣
򣡡
򣡡
꣬ҳ򡣡
ʮ򣡡
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Ͼĳɹ֮󣬱ǴҴ볡ȥȻĵô˱֮󣬶ʣµƷѾȤ
Ʒһ꣬Ϊݣĺÿ꣬ųһҶ˲ѳҶȻ꣬ˮϵԪصȻܹˮϵԪ֮ܶȣ

ļһԻɽĺƱ֮ʱһ㣬ɼеܡʱʮһߣ󶼼ֵơ
ƷҶҲĶѣǸ˼ҲûǸǮֻèָ£ɱ¾㣬ĵһЩֵʯͷ
ЩʯͷֲڣûȥһʯûҶҲףèΪʲôҪԼЩʯ顣
һƷһƷҵУݶΪһɱ¾ģǺôķҲп˴ԵıΣҪĵôˣԼȥ̽ˡԴδ֪ȤˣڿԳˡ˲ʦ̶̼仰ǽĵӵģȷʵ֪;˵пǷҲпǱ
ȻЩ⶯ȴ˿ڣϾһɱ¾㣬ʲôˣõóģһ񲻵ÿ
ҶĿ⣬䵽ʯ̨ʯ֮ڣĶԲ״һˮΣɫʵɫΪĿ
μǿʶܴӴڸӦһͨҺ塣
΢ҡͷҶջĿ⣬ȴͻȻè𾪵֮ᣡȻ֮ᣡҶ٣ΣһҪ£˽𣬱¶ݣҲҪϧһдۣ
è֮УǼҶ뿪Ŀ⣬΢΢һ֮ϣһ
¥ĳڡ
֮ᣡȻ֮ᣡڣһɫ԰ףˣ˲䲼֮ɫ
¥ᡣ
û뵽Ѫǰһۣܹ˻ԵⱦһҪ£˭ңֻȥˣ
Ŀ֮к˸Ϣ΢΢ɢһ˿Ӧ֮£һǿߣ
è֮ᣬʲôʧ̬Ҷܱɨ˿̻˳֣ǰ
èǿָƽУȻڲ֮⣬Ȼֶɺܴĳ
֮ᣬؼһݴ˵ǻƽʥİ֮̺мΪڳ֮ʱڣǿֱеۣͬǿҲرЩΪǿĳλۣ˿λۣΪĵȼͬڹۣڹԽǿĵȼҲԽߣʵΪһĽɫǵõ֮ᣬǴ˵еľתϽҲǴпܵģʱֻҪɹȻΪ۳ڣڹȽͨλۣҲ˿
Ҷԣ۵Ȼ޾֮ɫһ֮ᣬĹЧ
ȻҪУ
ǺǣҶٽѴô򵥣ǾʹشתϽʧ̬èһЦоֳĽ֮⡣
Ҷ΢˲Ϣǻָ
ѵѵ칦Чɣ
֮ᣬֻҪ֮УŷǳĻԵݻ֮λдɲþһʶǿʱ̱ȶ꣬ǿ־Ϊ
صߣΪǿͶ䣬Īѹһһɱ֮У
èΪأ΢΢˵˿ļ˺ֵز
ԣһҪŪУϧһдֱۣЩ˵еҲƴᣬֵ񣡡
˿ȷʵһҪõҶ΢ͣʹ˿оκ˰㷭ݵƬ̺΢΢̧ףѾָƽ֮ɫ۵ȴǳᶨ֮⣡
֮ᣬҶҪˣ
ôѵλԸô൱˵һɱ¾㣬һĻԵ컯λҪסᰡٳ˳ۣаü
û˳ֻ֣е˲֣ˣֵƷǾԲɣӰܴ
ðɣⶫȻȥһͨʯͷҾһɱ¾㣬һҳһ򣡡ڶĳλߣ¶֮ɫ΢΢ҡͷڱۡ
һֻҪ˿ڣôжԴȤˣҲҪͲסˡ
Ȼ⶯֮ˣ׷׳֣Ȼ۸ǵüΪȴҲﵽɱ¾㡣
۸Ѿͣ󲿷ֳ֮ˣ΢΢ҡͷ׼ڡ
ڴ˿̣һȴǴӺ󷽴ɱ¾㡣µĳۣʱĿҶɫƽԴûа㷴Ӧ
ĳһڡ
ǵˣСӣû뵽ȻԶҪҺݺݵĽѵһ٣ӿŴ֮ڣһϮ꣬ҧгݵ
ŶôһȽϿˣһЦҵˣҵҵĵμᣬǲһѵڣ
ЦУ΢漴ߵʮɱ¾㣡
Ӱڴüͷ΢΢һ壬ǰͶȥһĵλүôҲ־ˣ֮ǰǶԴﲻȤô
뵽ɱ¾㣬֮£û뵽Ȼ˺ӳ֣ѵҲè岻ɣһڣɫ԰׵ɫһ䣬񳹵ȥ
Ƿ֪֮ᣬҪˣɱ˱ǣкһ˵ʮɱ¾㣡
䣡
۾ģ۸Ƿɿʮɱ¾ĸ߼ۣʱ˾̾ͬʱʯ̵񣬶˼־֮⡣
ڵĿˣݲͣΪʶȻܱȽϣȻܹǳ߼۾ģʯĶͬСɣ
ʮɱ¾㡣֮󣬵ڣһŵͳ
Ȼˣ֪ʯĶʲôкãҲʼۣĳ̽
ڣҶɫΪѿû뵽Ȼ˺֣ҪϢע⽫֮ߵԸ޷ʵˡ
ΣⶫһҪ£


496 ٵ
ʮɱ¾㣡Ҷɫ䣬˿ϵɱ¾㣬Ȼֻ٣ͨתɵð֮ڶ౦֮ᣬ־ڱصã
ߺߣʮ򣬿СӦеǣƾСǮ͸ҸҽǿһЦһλŮĨһѣͺȵʮɱ¾㣡
ʮ򣡡ɫ԰׵ˣͬüͷ壬Ӽۡ
ʮ򣡡Ҷüͷ΢壬΢һϼʮ
˼һ˾ѣҶҲ˼˸֮⣬һλʿϾȻȲƸǽɱ
һʱ䣬ͷߣ
ʮɱ¾㣿ǿɫһ΢΢֮䣬һŷɸģŮӳʹȴǲҷϻҪ¶ֺõЦ⡣
ǹӣ˿ҲǺȻɴ˫ۣܹóʮɱ¾㣬ˣżıǵõĳĻԵ
СӼΪΪߣȴǶһ˳Уа˳ϵİգǵĳԵôļҵף
˿һֻķǽ»вСջ񣡡ɫڲϺݺһ
Ŀ΢漴ֵżҵҪ˾εңֵֵҳһΣ⣬ʯڵĶȻ͸ܹ˶ᣬӦ򵥣Ҫõ
԰գĿ΢Ǽۣʮɱ¾㣡ΪԪڵ֧ɱ¾㣬ԶԶ󣬼ǿߣȣҲԶԶ
ʮ򣡡ɫ԰׵ˣĿΪɭ͸Ϣ
ɲ鷳ֻҪԪڵţѵˣĴﲻɣ˿̣⿡һСɫߣͻȻ
ϢӦߣһλۣ
󣬻վˣλʵΪ
⿡꣬ԼҲһλ˿̾ȻһλۣλΪݣȻͬСɣ
ԣ΢΢ü˼Ƭ̣ף˴Ԫǰɱ¾ռ䣬Ҹ·ǱЩʿ֪ǵ٣Ȼһ
Եͷǲٿڡ
Ҷ٣вˣϳ֮ᣬ򲻻˽׷ᣬҪ£ҪһЩĴˡèأл
ҶаԵͷ㿴Ӧúȡ֮᣿
еߣɱ¾㲻ǿͬȱ䵱Ѻ֮
ǸȪۣ֮֮óûʸᣬȪۣ֮ʵ̫һ֪ϲӶ㣬Դﲻ֮ܳ֡أõڶ༫ƷʯȻʹãЩƷʯ̫ϧǮҲ򵽣ճ֣Ժǧˣԣ׼ʹһöٵȡ
Ҷԣüͷ΢΢һ壬öٵϴѩĹһöϾöˡ
ÿһöٵʹʮǷǳѵ֮
½֮ϣʲôĵرӵĹЧ
ʱΪһöٵЩòϹҲΪ֮֡
ÿһٵֵɹȡίʵЩᡣ
ǺǣҵҶ٣ٵһ̷ֻһöһöûʲôʵʵ;Ϊ壬̷öٵһöþˣʣһöҲ˷ѣ˿õѡˡ
èоҶеĲᣬЦҡͷ
ܹõ֮ᣬĪ˵һöٵöǧöҲдѵˣǰȡ
Ҷ΢˼䣬ͨ£Ȼڵɱ¾㲻㣬Ըһöʮٵȡ
£ڣǶȻ
һöʮٵƷСǲǷˣʲôҩôϣһЩٵĵҩȷʵǷǳѼҲûУʮĵҩ˵ˣҲû˵
ͻȻҶ漸Уһߣ̲סЦЦոտʼ˹£Ȼֹ
ı죬˼ҾȻڣһİգ
һöʮٵܣһλʣƾʲôܹӵּĵҩ
ϾȻһöʮٵɼ˶Ȼϱڶܹ࣬һ֮أٰлɱҪ󷢺ƣ
ڣҲݣĽηԼɱһ͡
һöʮٵСôĵҩڣԪڵüͷ΢壬¶ֳ֮ɫ
ٵ˾Ȼ˵ȵҩһߣ˲֮ɫ̶пЦӦɱ¾ռŵӣȻˣұ޹˼ˣ
һöʮٵȴǼΪأͲٳ־ˣҽУУնɱ㣬ջز١һˣкâһһɭɱĵ׻ɢ
̨ϣ΢֮ɫ漴䣬иһκˣ
Ƭ֮ΣǿмѹȥλСѣһöʮٵƷ֪ɷ񽫵ҩó¼һҵϺұۣܵƲá
ҶɫƽڻһǽһöȭͷСУУǰȥ̨֮֮ϣڵԿɼһ
΢΢ͷСĽöҩõУʶɨƬ̺ſ˫ۣ¶ϲ֮ɫͷȷʵٵҩΪӦƷѵãѵð
ѵãɼжԴöҩ⵽˼㡣
Ҷԣ΢΢죬Ȼõ˼öٵҲ֪ȼĵҩǳȴû뵽˵ز˰Σſڵ֪ȼĵҩԵɱ¾㣿
ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬˸ݣȻڿٹٵļ۸
Σ̧ͷλߣ޺ˣһöʮٵɹһʮǰǵУһöٵձĳλǰһɱ¾ߣõģһöʮٵЧȽϵһöٵһԣΪ˵ɱ¾㣡
ɱ¾㣡
Ǵˣ˲ͣҶжǺݺһȴû뵽һöٵȻܹۣ
ԼõǼöٵǷǳԼҪ˹ʺˣǡЩɽ֮໥ɱôܵõּĵҩ
뵽һ㣬ҶϾȵɫǷɿƽȥ
ɱ¾㣡죡
ҴûмֱִʵֻǴ˵е켶ᣬܼ˴ֱʡ
Уǲаûκζֱܹ֤ʵĽףҲֵˣ
֮ڡ
Ԫڵ΢΢в豭ʱ΢飬ˮ۽ʪȴ˿δ
һöʮٵɱ¾㣬˱ȻżȻĳϹŴܵż֮ڣõĳּΪĻԵóһöʮٵϱȻԶȴΪϧĴڡֻҪɱϵһУ㶼ҵˣг֮ɫִ֮УóһöȻʶ¼˼䣬ֽ֮һס
Ǵͨһʱɢ
һڡ
ǵй¶Ϣע⣬Ҵ˿̱ܽǿлɱ߱ȴǲòСĽֻҪ˳֣ɣ
֮ɫһ漴ӣͨͨ뿪С
ɱ¾㣬ۣκֹҶ˳֮Ū֡
Ա﹧еʱҶ΢΢˿ͬʱ̲סϲ⣬ⶫڱŪˡ
֮ڣڶ˸ɭ֮⣬ҶһЦ֪ոߵõѾô˴󲿷̰
ȴǺη壬תȥ
õҶҪ½ˣ
УǿһϢҶЦУֱŶȥ
뿪޺һǿߣ棬öԷûзӦ֮ǰ뿪¾Ҫ鷳ˣ
˳ţϱǶݹһңʩչ䣬ǻΪһźӰʧԶʡ
죡죡죡ԲСˣ
ģСÿ죡
׷
ſڴӰǰȥ
ħս֮ڣȻɱ¾֮أˣܶϵʵ򣬾ͻᱻʹĺɱ
ħսɣκˣҲΥǸΥһɵˣѾѪĽѵ
ԾǿߣȻնеȴҲǲҶãֻܿ˫ţڵ׷Ҷ
ħս֮ڣȻܶۼϵʵȴᳫɱɱ˶ᱦһǰҴûжٹ˼ɣһɷɱڡ
ಣ
һ磬Ϊâٶȿ쵽˼£˺ѿɭ֮УƬ̣ǽβͣȫ˦ĳ֮У


497 
ҺħսˣܶۼϵʵҪЩˣûпˣҶ˿ûĵһ£ɫȴͻȻһ䣬ǰմ£ӦÿԳ˰ɣ
£մͻȻһ֮СһӵзǳĸӦ֮˵䣬һ󲨶Ӱǳǰ
ӶݺݿҶСӣû뵽ôټɣմǣϴǵˣǴӣ
ŶȻɱ¾УԪڵˣѵԪڵϲɣǰɫһϣǰֽ¡
£ϷѾ֪СһȻڴˣ㻹־ܺˣöƤ֮ࡣΪһ뷢԰׵ߣԵ
Ȼδչ¶Ϊϼ䣬ż⣬ȴ˵
ۣ
ҶɫߵʵȴǳȴǵǸشڣǿˣ
ǰۣ棬ҲܶۼϵΪһΪƾ裬ҶеĵȴӲ˲٣
ߣˣҲ֪棬˭ЮβˣҪ˭ĹֺǱҸҶһЦҪ֣Ǳ㾡֣ܶСүǷǣ
ٺ٣ſСӣһλʣȻ뱾˵ĻˣϷ֪㱾ֻܶʼʵڱǰǲһģ
ԪڵĳϣҶ˵ɫһףΪչ¶Ϊ֮Сӣŵƨ־ܣû뵽Ǳֱһ
߳ŭ֮£Ҳټαװƣò
ϣҲŸһСಫɣ˵ʵǵðôһΧСӣ˶û׷ϣȴƫƫײˣ
ԪڵһǺܺõģҪȻôܷչ죿СӣҲˣٺ٣ϵĶԹԸүүүһˣһȻ죬ļգ
֪ҶķӦЩԪڵˣֻ¾ǴǣѡҶһΣһ֮ƣһٺɱ꣡
ΪҶǻɭɱ֮ȻԾŭһԪڵ϶ǵҴӵд֮ᣬҪɱڣҲŹǣ
ίͱߣһԹ𣬴ɱ¾У
ӵĶȰڹ˵Ҷһ˵ţһѽηչͬһ㣬Ͷ뵽ֵУʱʧ
ģӣ
С˵뷢԰׵ߣ˿̶̣˳Ҷʧķ׷ȥ
ҶһɤӣͬʨӺһ㣬жɱ¾˷ˣȫˣſڣʮĵط
һʱ䣬֪жʵǿߣǾŭжӵ˼
ɱ¾УЩˣ֮ᡱ֮󣬶̲סһǿҵԹͼʡ
ģƴƴˣԪڵ˾ȻѾĺôʱ˿̣Ѿûж˻ȥߵŭǼ١
ֻǧ֮һϣҲҲȥȡһ£˵ٵĿ̫Сˣĸ˳Ա˳ŵû¸ɣȥԪڵˣ
֮ᣬǺεȵͨ˲˽⣬ֻҪ΢еλģĸĺܣ
ĴΪ֮ƴ
ǴδսֱӴݻǳأʹˣڷ
⡭ıﰡ
֮ᣬִϹŵڵߣģԣŻ˵ˣŻܵô˵ķ׷
ԪڣԪڣ
һ̣˵˼Ѿɱ¾Уɻ˸ԵĴӪ
ߣ½ǰԪڣһʱ䣬˶Ŀ꣬Ԫڡ
Զںܷŭǳŭȷŭ
ֱŭɶ
˿̵ܺڣԼΪʲôڵǸСӣ
Լղʵ˵̫˷ϻûﲼ½ƣ׶ϾҶ·
ڵ飬кܶܶ࣬ǿӲûڹʹ޹
ΪôҲû뵽ҶȻ죬ȫʩչʶһʱ׷ϲϣֱ񡭡
ȻҲΪһʵܵƵԵʣҪ磬ƾ۵ʵֻҪһ񣬾ԵҶ
Ҷһú׷Ԫڳϣ̾ΪֹԶ϶ǸСˣһʵλʾ綼
ȴܸһƵģŴδӹ
ⳡ׷Ѿ죡
ۿɫСӾȻһǰ棬ϼƵ뵽
˵ģСӸںǰûǿڤޡ飬һζĺֱײųǿٶȣͬһĴϷɹ
ӦЩڤޡ飬ûȿǺãǲ׷ȥʱԪڵĳϣ͸ϵˡ
ǣڤޡ鳹ŭûûˣǹ۹⹫԰ɣ
ߵĲۣҪҶ٣öԸЩŭڤޣһӦ罫С£ȴһֱڣҲû׷Ҷ
ǲùҶͬҲܣȻžԶʤλ۵ĹվȲ۵Ĺ೤
һ仰ǸͷȻܶۼϵʵ˼ҹߣǿҶû˼Ტ۱Ȱ
Ҫһ·иʵڤޡͷߣƴһսˡ
ҲƴƣģҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
ۿɫԪڵĳϣ漱ˣСվס
ߵһϣĮҲŽС˵ӽǰƤɣ֪֪һɤӣԪĻ֮У
ƨүҺģզģаҲˣߣСүڵĵһˮΣǾȻҪıƺӲݺǣݺ˭ģץҰ
СһҪŪ㣡òһѪС˵֣˵ҲộģһˮΣһʮɱ¾㣿
㵱үûԴ
Сֵܣͣ£Ǻú̸̸Σ϶Įй侲ȥǰ취СӵïʢģڵĹĵطܵѹƣһʱҲ׷ϡ
ҶһɤӣԪڣ϶Ĵ
һкܶˣص½ȥԪڵ⡣
ͣĴͷҶܱ֪ߵ϶Ϊүɵ𣿲ҲʵǣСүĶˮΣ֮ᣬô٣Ҫ׷Ұ׷ˣû׼ǵˣ
ããСҲɱ㣬ĲΪˣƢ꣬ͱҶ̣֪Сӣ˵ǣıµͻᱻ
ϣȥǰ취Сӳٶȿ죬û׷ҪϻԪڣֳӣͻˣ
ãĮϣģһҪɱСӣ
ҶȻоѹ۽һɨһȥˣ¶ʱˣЦô׷ˣ٣뿪ǸͲʣ˽֮𣿡
˽㣡ۿҶһͣ־һƣһĵķâҶն˹ȥ
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ҹУһ޴ɽ壬ب
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ڼžɭУص
ʱ䣬׷ǧ˵ص£Ҫɱ¾У߳٣ɭֵϿգʪȵĿе棬ֺܲĸоôܣ
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ԸһǣҶλòڰз̽ط½ķһȥ֮󣬺үҲϲЦϢҲûõ
峽Ҷһװٴγɾʱʶȴ׽һƵŽ֮⡣
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ĿɿԶһɱ¾һۣӰʱģֱʧ
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ʱҶûнʶջȫеϣ׼ǿ͵˵ĶԻ
ҲҶʶʵԶˣſ֪ʲҪǻǿߣǿߣҲ֪һ㡣
ȻԷеϵ˽Է˷½ǼǳΣյ飬һ¶ģǶҪСķա˵ˣǧɱ¾㣬Ҳ룬⻹ǿǶЩСɫɱ¾˵ˣǿп޵ģǻЩǸٶɱ¾㣬Ҳ߰
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ҿɲܣǿȥ͵ȥɱȥֻҪܽɱ¾Ū֣ˣҲӦ֪ɱ¾ռ䣬жôΣաΪʱܾ֮УʱС뿴ҪûˣҪɱ¾кôɱ¾ռ䣬ǸҪǿɲĵȥҵķԷԣȥŪ㹻ɱ¾㣬Ͻ뿪ɡȻҪʵڹɱ¾㣬ɱ¾ռ䣬ô꣬϶Ӧвѹ׵ϡϰɣǿմҲԳ䵱ɱ¾㣬ָԷģ㣬һǿġݺоһȴװ̾Ϣ
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ҶûнˣɲĴݾߡ
ֻǽһ˿ʶ͵͵ķǸĺϣȻȻĿ߳Զ֮󣬲ŲŲæԳΣԶԶβȥ
һ·֮ϣǳС˸ǣԲת㡢ССһ˲ʮӣƵתƷҪû֮ˣ治׷ȥˡ
߰ʱ߹ֵ߽һ֮ͨլԺ֮С
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磬ԷȻҪǧɱ¾һˣǾ͸Ͻմգ뿪ɣϾҪǵ¶ʱ򣬾˼ߣҲˡŮӵУЩꡣ
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´󺺼飬¶֮ɫת˵֣鷳һɱ¾Ǳܷɱ¾һЩǲеĻʹӦԷɣ뿪
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ô죿ֻػߣҲ̫ѣǵʵȻ֮ܽܣٻԵסɾԪڵǸ˵ʱֳè̾
ҶȻɹɱ¾Ǳ;УٱԪڵǸ϶ΧʮΣҪʶӦΣֻͱǸϼһˡ
ȽǱɣϢһǾȥɱ¾֮ܲϢ뿪Ҷͷųȥ
棬èεʼֻøϡ


499 ð䷨ʹ
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УǵĽĴЩ͵ζ
ڣӿĿĸ̵꣬Ľֵ
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Ҷüͷ壬Ծֱһ֮Уڲ
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ǱķͦɭϵʧļӰҶһЦȻƳ˺ӰǱ壬ͷѾѵķݡ
ǰ֮ҶҲ˳С·ߣͬһ㣬ïּܵ紩ӡ
Ҷ룬ѲҲԽԽϡ
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˼ҶһԼ֣иǾɣʵ㾿˭ʲô


500 ɻ
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ݣ۷˭УκˣΪԴСʹһ˭ҲûǵĿҶ˸ߵ࣬Ȼɻ䡣
ȻҶԼǡʹݣУͻȻðһɺ
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ôҲû뵽ղŻȫûаϢ꣬ͻȻ֮䣬ȴǿ
ǿƣҲλۣܹ߱

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ǣǣ飬Ϸ֤Բ´ˣɴ⣬æҾǣȻһ̣ɿȥȥˡ
ҶվԭأǴԶȥ֮ص³һһֱŵģӺԭ
ʱһҹ紵˸ս
ŷ֣Ȼȫ亹͸ˣ
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ϼһǺøֶΣȻڲ֪УһʶԼϣ˵ͻȻʶڸԶˡ


501 
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ҶΣһʱȴӴ˴ȵĿ⣬һ˿ϲ֮ĹŹɫ
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룬ڵĹ˫ţһƿУ˲ʧһ̣ѳ˰֮⣬Ȼٴʧٴγ֡
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ʱվԭصĴˣʶҶ׷Ųš
ҶĵĻڴˣڹĺĽߣ棬ҲѾϵ
֮ǰϷŪϼһҪ䵽УԼָܵʲôĥҶĵ顣
֮£ҶҲֻýһᣬ޽дĹ㳡ϣɶݶ
ϣ˹㳡ϴڴ˵£ڶʱڣú֮ʯѾڿ״̬ˡ
ֻҪڴ˺׷֮ǰܹӵ̨֮ϣлӹǵ׷ɱ
ҶʹõѪ֮ȻٶȺţĵľͬľˡ
ˣҶһνԶԶ˦󣬾ֹסΣһͨĶȻһУǷߴʯ̨ȥ
ҶһڶݹзɳۣһסԼʶʶǿֵһ۵ʶ̫ˣһᣬ΢΢
ֻҪԼ汻ңʱͽʧȥĿȨˡ
ֺ˵ʶֶΣҶһĺ£
˿֪棬ҪΪ˼ħսķ򣬲ҶóϵʵԼֻǴеˡ
˿ʯ̨ԼɼĹâҶһɡ
ԭҪô֮ʯ֮ǰĴߴ£˰ʱѾˡ
ֻҪʱͿ԰ȻĻص½ȥˡ
Ҷ˼֮ʣȴ˴˵Ĵ
£Ϸûʲô⣬ֻ֪״ӹǵʲôѣΪҪԹǵ֣ºαؼߣ˵ƴƽͶ꣬һ˿ĻԼϵζС
һˣ鲻ԽĻԴϴøС
Ҷˣǵûʲôøп䣬ΪʹѪ֮ʱƣܳʱʹãٶȴ󽵵ͷһƣͿɿĳ磬ԶԶ߷Ĺ
⣬ϼһҲ֪ʲôаŹһ׷֮󣬾һֳջ֮ͣɧ
Ҷһʱʼʱ
ҿСèлͷԼʱһ壬űͶ³
Ҷǳһ亹
Щ۲ܶϵʵĳЩͨͨʩչ̶ȣҲԶһ߿ɱȡ
⣬ͷȻڻûȷԼʵݣóȻ֣Ҳֻʱѡ
Ҷұֻ֤Ҫ
ͷҲ᳹׸ԼͷȻûж⣬ǳԼֽ̹ǵ֮£ҶӻˣҪȻôɵ¡
ۿʯ̨ͽǰҶҵһҪԾʯ̨
ɾʱ֮УȻâһļХиģ֮ĺڵ㣬Ȼ
̶һ˲䣬ڵ㣬ͷŴ˼֣Կ֮ٶȣ߷
Ҷһ֮£󾪡
ʹδԷĿ˿µٶȺⱩŰ쳣Х棬˭
Ҷз֮£룬ѪٴʹѪ֮
ϼȻѾֻ֣һʯ̨лĻᡣ
򣬼ʹתӣǿ֮ٶȣѪȫľҲ˦Է
뵽ҶһѪУӰˣѻΪһѪɫ绡ǰʯ̨֮ϣɶݶȥ
Ĵˣͬ˼Х֮ɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
Ȼϲ֪ǺˣҲеԷǸؽɫ
Ǹڵ㣬ԥĳҶȥˣȴҶǺεݣǿ˼˾ʹ
Ҫ﷢⣬ָʹıˡ
鼱֮£һ죬ϧԪһھѪӭ绯Ϊ˴ƬѪڣһת˾Ѿʮ֮⡣
ٶ֮ϣ䲻˵˲ƵĶҲ޼
ǣʯ㳡֮ϣ˹һĻ
Ҷʯ㳡룬Ѫ֮Ȱƶʯ㳡ıԵۣ֮޼ٶȣмȥ
⻰˵䳤ֻգۼµĹҶ͵ʯ㳡ʯ̨֮ϡ
ʱʯ㳡ԵһӰҲٶȣ㳡֮УʱҶҲֻаɾ롣
ҶһۣͽԷвһ
ԶֵһֻףݣͷݣչԷ֮Ĺצڹĳ
϶ϧۣһֻﵽ۾ķݣǰ׷ɱ
Ȼħս֮ڣһߣܶۼϵʵʹ֮Է֮ޣûơ
ͷݷ۵糸Ŀֲ
Ҷ󣬲˿飬Ѫ˾ѵ˾޴ʯ̨м䣬Ѫһͳʯ̨ϵĴ󣬿˹ȥ
һĻеļХȻֹͷ˫ȼ£ɵľ룬˲Ϣͬϵʯ̨Ͽ֮
һԾϾȻֱӴӷݵıԾ쳯Ҷ˹
˵ҲɣҶβĴˣͬڴ˿̣ǰ
һҶ˵һĻһٳǰ΢֮󣬻ĺëһµ
Ԫڵĳϣֲøʹ֣ҿΣλʹˣЩ´ϣѵֻǸǰ棬󣬻иǿԮҪȻλʹ˵ʵȫûҪϣ;ųӰɡ
ڶ̶һ˲䣬˵óĽͬʱҲΪԼжϣоЩϾħսʹһɷǳص
һ֮£˭ԸȥǣԪڵĳϣ˹׷ɱʹʲôƾ谡
ЩħսǿߣһʹһȻ˵һҪƴһ˫ʵĻһѪսȻ޷ġ
ϾʹħսȨϵȨһ˴Ĺ򣬾ͽĺɱ
ȻֻԶԣĳЩ޼ɵĴڣʹҲǲǵġ
׷ɱʹˣԪڣԶһܱģӵеĵ̣Զͨ˵񡭡
飬ܲпࡣ
ƽȻ˵Ťͷܣۿⳡսͷ޷Ƽĵ֮ϣôֹܲһ¡
Ǵ˵ɫһ˫һӣһֻϣһСħսǳǵѡվҶһף棬
ͬ˴ˣǴ˿̵һ˼Ҷϣʱܴ˵ĵжԾٶ
ˣԴˣֻһֺ˾ͻΪһڹ⣬һͷ¡
һ£Щסˡ
һҧͬ˹ȥħսô˵ҲЩʹĵ̣ԪھǿƣҲֽܽ쵽档
ԣƴҲҪһģڻҶĺøУˣ޷Ƽ壬Ժħսɾܸˡ
Ҷʱһ˴֮С
棬޷Ƽӵܣڻ˵Щʲô
ͻҶ㵵˵
ûУҶѪһ˾һ³˴ԱߣȻЩŭȵ
ʹˣѾˣûͨԣǡһλЩɫ꣬һϳλԼ棬мѵʹˣæĻشҶӡ
Ҷһ˵ȻĻ˵飬һ֮˾ͳ˴С
ͬʱʯ̨ĳذ壬Ȼ˿һźڹУӶ
ҶһɫʱһףпҲ
Ҳ˴еҶͬɫ䡣
ȻҶѰ·ӣЩɣû뵽һڴˣۿҶһϧ˲߶˴ʹ󣬶
룡쾪ŭ֮һ˼һ֣ȻѾû˿˼ɣʹ۵ĹֶΣһâΪһͷͻֱ
ֻҪ˴ҶȻ֮
ڷͬʱһΣеҶ˶
ͼҶһƻڴˡ
ĶȻЩˡ
Զݺ棬Ҷûһ˿ܵ˼
Ϊѷ˴֮⣬ҶΣһ¾С
˴ĹâǰʱҶڹâһģ󣬲Ӱ
м䣬˱׵档
֪Ĵ󣬶͵ģûй̶Ĵ͵㣬ʱ¿Ҳǲ׷Ҷˡ
½ɲħսڴ½Ѱһˣڴ롣
ʱˣʯмУֻ˴İ׹⣬ͬһľ֮ɫ
˿̣Ȼعͷһ˫ͨ飬Ŵ˲ţɱһ
ˣȫѱҶ֮ززʵĿԴ󷢣ۼ˳˹̽һӵıŰȫй˶Էϡ
ŴϻڹţɲǼ仯Ϊһ磬ڣ˶ȥ
һ˾ɫһ䣬룬񴸣û˿ǣͼ˳
۵ĴսħսѵһģΪ棬û˭ҹȻʹ۵ܡ
һʱ䣬ʯ㳡Ͽգֻɫâڿн֯һ𡭡
¹һڡ
ɱ¾ռߣſΪ۵ĴˣһԪĳϣǱ쳣ʹ˻ű
һʱ䣬ٴαԪڵ׺ݣľ
û뵽ǣһУֻǸʼѡ
˰µʱ䣬ħսȨߣȻɳ˴ʹĴϮ׷ɱԪڵϵߡ
Ȼֻ˶̶ʱ䣬ɵԾ
УнħսԪڵӣǿзһΪ⣬۱ʹΧûǵ³
˵Ԫڵʹȥ
鷢չԪڵһ˵еʥԳ棬ʹҪ飬ŽǸ˻
һ£ɱ¾ռˣ̸ʹֶɫ䣬˭Ҳ׵ʹóϵʵҰжʹ֮⡣
ʮ꣬Žظ
ҴʹӵߣһǳƵ⣬⣬ЩʹÿζǰҪһΣϲʶһꡣ
Щ˻ش֮ǲŻᶯֹ
һЩһߣҲ²һԪ֮ʮа˾ţǸ˵еġ
֪ǷţˣȻԪȻҲôĸ
´￪ԪҲ䲼ͨȻ׽ꡣ
ƵǣȻвˣ׽˲꣬ȴӲûвԪҪˡ


502 
ʱ½һƬ߿ϣգȻ˺ѳһʮɵĴӣһ׹
ţһɫ۵꣬ŻеһֻõĺèѾУٳ˳
꣬ЩǱϻŲѪ
ֻһǸռڣܿʧˣֻһĿռ䣬ȶʱŸֻɢ
û뵽ѪȻӵ˺յͨ꣬űȶĿռ㣬ǿϲ֮ɫ
ֻϧöѪޣ˺֮󣬾Ȼ˳˯֮Уôֻ»Ψһַʽ뿪ħսˡ
ʱèüĲλһɫӡۣȻӡۣȻſˣ¶һֻɫ۾
ֻɫ۾ɨء
Ȼ֮ۡèϲЦ˷ܵʵ̫ˣٴλص½ˡ
Ѿ뿪ħսҶԣ΢΢һ˿ܵĻϸӦһ֮󣬲ŵ̾ϢһΪҪǸطԶˣû뵽޾֮·
˵ҶһĬ
ЩǹطӣͲ
ɱ¾ռ䣬ħսˣûδûϣʱ̿ܶèָ㣬ѪİҶͱɱˡ
䵽֮Ҷ쳣Ĵһ£ûʲôΣյ֮󣬲һӡ
ǿ꣬Ѫӳ˯ӵ㹻ʵδٽȥððգ̽̽è˳ǸղķèУ
»Ժ˵ɣҼǵ˺գÿռѷӶ֮ʱǹǵϹҲˣ᲻һ˺գ׷ɱҶȴûеģüͷһ˵
ĺˣȱ˵ǸϹû˺յʵ˺գմ͵ĵطҲģпܾߣҲпܣԶ֮⡭пܣһİĿռλ֮УӶʧڿռ֮УһЩϹӵ˺յʵҲġè䣬ݺݵҶһۡ
СӣԼֻһȻͼѪ˺գҪӦĿ죬ѪɢѪɵֵռѷеʱǴ˿ֻ̣ͻΪˡ
ʱҲҲû취ô뵽£ҶҲһ£Ҫ֪ʱǸӹǵӰǺεȿֲֻҪٶͣһ룬ֻ֮ˡ
뵽ҶҵһƧ֮أ͵Ľöɫӣȡ˳Ȳ뿴öӣǺεȱǹǵشڣʧ̬һеɱ
ûãҶȴѪĸо
ƾþְ취öɫӣȴͬéʯһȻֳӲƾҶڣûа㷴Ӧ
һҶ޷֪öк
߳ŭҶɽȫע棬˰ΣöӣҲ½âһ˿ӡ
Ҷģһ
ð֮ΣȡöӣȻȫôûаְ취
ʵҶ֮˵Ĵ֮УƿڴСʱȻĪеĹǵ֮
ԣöӣʲôŹУֻϵǿ߲ʲôϣܼöӣֻע빦ʶͨô򵥡
ѵԭֻնɱİɫãʲôϵ
뵽ҶĿ⣬ͣ˹֮ϣļǵãǾ߰ɫõľ꣬ǱŸˡ
񲻱Ϊöӵˣ
ϵĹĿ沼Ѫɫ磬ֻЩطһЩδϴĺ࣬ȥǲŴоõĿݹǡ
Ҷ٣öӣɣ⣬ԣǺöҶЩΪԼĸӦеЩֵʱèȻ
Ҷһ㶣ֽö˫ɫӣǰϸĿһ飬üèⶫǸʲôģ
è˳ֽӹӣЦ棬ƺһöӵˣһλͨǿߣԣöӣֻ֮ˣܸӦ
ԣҶ۾һæʵʲôģ
ϰĹ൱ߵ켼֮䣬ǿͨõġ
켼½֮ϣӳ̶ȣѳ˵һŸ켼ܹս֮ʱӳԶǿ
켼һ㣬ҲһƷڴ½Ĵ켼ֻƷңһЩߵȼ켼ֻȥһЩҴŴɣпܻá
Ȼ½ޱߣһЩǰ˵켼ΪԵʣʧĳˣĳãӶһμѻ
è˷ӣƬ̺󣬷ЦڤơƷ
Ʒ΢ϲҶû뵽ö֮ϣȻһֹһǴƷʧ
Ҫ֪ԼйŵãȻɲԲɾ꣬˵Ҫʲô䣬ɶڹȴĺܡ
ҪȻϴҲǾ߰ɫãк޼ɵⲫˡ
ڤƣɣǧ򾫻꣬ΪãݻԳһСأĳռ䣬ڵ꣬ǿгè˵һһҶ
н˵꣬ǿ߳ڣһҶ˿ĭЩĵ⣬Ҳ̫˼˰ɣҺǱ˳˳˭ܻ
ⶫȻǵ֮˿أȻĵطԺܽħսٴǸǵʱжԶܶԶ
èӣСĵĶ˹ֹۣǳ֮ߡ
èѾǧ۽ǷǳܱϵĶܲ򵥣Ҷֲ֧ӣЦڤƣǸƵģԺ󣬾ѧˡ
ҲλʵΪڶʱϰֹѵѡ񡭡˵ͷèҲͬҶĿ
ƷĹϰ֮ΪҪһࡣ뵽ҶͻȻӷǰЦģһͰϲǶˡεҡҡͷè׳öʯ֮ڲͬķ֮󣬲ŶҶԸӷŽȥʼɡ
ԭļ֮Ҫڳ󣬲ܽеġèƺҪˣҶϽӷŵС
ܵеԭȺ۵ӣȻ˵⣬󣬸ڰ֮Уһƪ֡
Щ֣Ҷ¶ֻ֮ɫǾ߰׹ǣƾöӵܣԼʵ벽֮Ŵûл֮
֮󣬿֪
Ѫö֮ƾϵܣŻ֮ܽҲ˵
Ѫ֮貢ѰѪҺ֮ڵľѪ
ߣ徫ѪĹ࣬Ϊ䣬򵱳
ҶһһСѪҺɫǶȻ԰ȥһģ
˿̵Ҷȴǲа⣬Ѫ֮ȻΪ򵥣мκ΢ʧ󣬶пɣصʱֱӽѪ֮ݻ١
Ѫö֮ϣǱ˲ա
裬˲ϢǴϡ
ŷչöӣɢһӴѹҺɽľ֮УҶѲ˷ֹйĽƣȻ˵Χۡ
ϵĶԽԽ죬ҶĶͷϣðһϸܵĺ飬öӣȴǲδ仯Ҷа
Ѫÿһһ룬ΪĹʶмԲκͣ٣ǰɣʹ䳹
ڴ˿̣èͻȻҶĵڼ־ɫöӵı壬ȻǾĹǵ죬ñˣ
Ҳף˿̲˵֮ʱټԵѪ㣬ٶһЩ
ҶԣһһӿſڱٶһھѪɾѪȽϴζһֹҲҶϣ˲ûѪɫϢҲήࡣ
öӣЩѪ֮ɢܣ
ŷöӣȻչ
˿ҶڵĹѾʣɡ
ڴڼ䣬ɣ롭
ãҶöͻȻâ漴ԵһΧҶתȦڣʧ
ѪɣҶϸ鿴ȡҩ£ιǿҩִһʱɫźÿһЩ
èղ˵ĹǵʲôΪΣգղѣѾܵﷴˡ뵽˴Ҷ˲ðһ亹Ѫ֮ﷴɣˡ


503 ǵ
٣ò˵СӵȷʵܺãǵǺöԶϵ̵ֹҪϰٱֲùǵǸϹڿȡߴ֮ʱᷢˡèЦһϸϸҶ׹ǵ
Զʱڣصأ֮ڵ½Ҫö࡭
ʱٶȣȻԶǽɱȣ䲻˵ǿ࿹⣬ʵҲǲ
֮УΪ͵ȵ˵½ޱȷٵʱڣ֮Уν˱þ󣬿νʢһʱ
Ϊȷأ磬һƽ٣ʮϰĸ߼ãֹҲ֮ʧĵ㡣
ǵУһʧ챦
ǵԶʱڣһơˡ
ˣԪ޽޿ͻƵһǿߣԸõڵȡʩչطֳһܣ֮ɹǵ˵ӣǽΪ֮
Ȼ棬˲ܣд֣κ飬һ;ϣ°빦
ȻҶõǵе㲻ͬ
ǵȻҲһЩǿǿߣƶɣ빦Чȴ֮ͬն
ּĹǵҪһ飬þԪ̺еĹѪע뵽ǵ֮ڣּĹǵȻֱܴΪǵ
ǵٳ֣ΪǾ飬ƳһöĹǵҲֻɵİգڵ֮գҪϻɢ
˰󣬲پĴ־ˣ˻ָ߷ڣԼȫˡ
ĹǵҶð⣬һ֮һεĲƸõúãùŵʵڶʱڣͻͽ
һСģջ˱ҶȻϲ
˴ħս֮УҶջĶ࣬öǵȥϵǿߣ˫ͨ죬ᡣ
Ҷ٣öĹǵӦһʥƵģȻʵλʥӣƵʱȴǰѱȫעС˴ڹŵ֮·ҲԷˣãںöǵֻ֮Ҫʱ㣬ٿԳΪһʥ
èЩҶĵ𣺡ҲѪһɣҸоãҲЩǰҲǸ˲õֻҪѪ֮
ҶԣҲЩԾԾԣ˫۳ȵ˹ţԺܳΪʥĴڣԺܳΪԼеһɱﵣҶ
κѪǵ֮ʱھѪѾ࣬ϵĵҩ㣬Ҳô죬㲹ֻбĿȴָ
֮
Ҷյ۾ſһâɢ漴ƽ
оڹĹҶĵͷⷬѪȫ㣬ʣҩҲڹٶȾһ֡
ҶոۣèѾĵ𣺡㿪ʼɣ˵ʵõƽҲЩˡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷվַڹŵĶ֮ϣȡһǹŵľ꣬ƾۣ꣬ɢ˿˿֮⡣
˴ϴѪǵĽѵҶƿŵĹ֮ϣһѪԭӣʱٶȲ԰ȥ
Ѫ䵽֮ϣûзϱսȥĸϲŤ
ѪҺĸ£ԭ۵Ĺ˿̿ȥǳ˹졢а֮С
ҶϴѪǾѪС
ǹ𽥱һɹɾ֮Ҳ֮ɢ
ҶãҲһƬƽûаͷ
ȻϣãȻѰèȻƽȴż־ϲ֮⡣
ܲܽ˵׵㣬ѵ֮Уʲôزɣ
è΢Ĭ漴ԵҸӦõǰҲǸʥǿߣֵȼĹѪ֮󣬶Ǵкôġ
Ҷһ漴ͷϣʥǿߣǺ֮٣ʥǿߵĹǿèȻѪ棬ΣҶὫ֮ġ
Ѫ֮˵һָ߼ķţͨѪΪط߻ܹڼʱڣκûʶ飬ʹͨٿӵ֡
Ѫ֮Ϊ򵥣зݱ䣬ȴֱ仯ŷҶɫϽղöĹǵʹõʱ
Ϊ˳ãĿǰҶѾʹһСʱãȻûа㷴Ӧȥ˶ãڹʶĴ
ѪҼȻаգ㾡ܷıǡǸоҶеè˵
Ҷԣд󶨣ٶȣ켸֣ȻѪ֮־Ϊӣȴδκʧ
棬ڶСʱ֮ƽĹȻ˾˵ı仯Ũ֮£һ˿˿ڵɭ֮߹ʯ˲ΪһƬ֮ɫ
ɢɢģǹҼΪˡ
ʱ֮Ҷǰһ󷢺ڣ֮ڵĹȻݽߣΨо֮ڣڻš
Ȼ󣬴˿Ǿ߹֮ϣɷʤ֮䣬֮ǲľʹ˱ס
֮ʱҶڵĹȴһգ˲úѪɫʧȥϵĹӦǾãҲ䡣
й죬䳤ϸͬʱһɼ˱Űɷз񱬷Ҷ֮ơ
Ҷǰ󷢺ڣڸǴһ֮Уõȴûɡ
ֻһͿѪҶǷ֮ɫȭͷ޹һ㣬ݺԼ֮ϣһɾѪʱǿȳ⡣
һڻ꣬Ҷأʹ֮ɫ˫ȴȻͣһ꣬ľѪڷǣ£ڵǾ߹ȸ֮ϣ˲䱻ա
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ϳֿҶ״жʱֲ⣬֪кϡ棬һèʧ̬
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ѪҺմȾݵݾԪ̺޾壬ͨʳһʮԪ߷ãԪǣܹ壬ʹǿͶ㣬ԴĪܡ
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ҶȴһұһԽǼұĴӪӦŰɣ
èԣɫһ㲻뵶ұӪɣ


506 ȺϮ
ҶȴǽеĹһվЦȻȻƾڵʵȥǵұĴӪʱҲˣЩ飬Ժ˵ɡ
˳ԱԺҶֽʣµβֱãȻŽ˿ռָ֮У߶Ҷۣźǵķʻȥ
ıԵ򣬸ָĺ壬಻ϵƯں֮ϣϸֲֺЩһ𣬵д鷳
鷳ģÿһЩܶȽϴĺ򣬻Ҫˮ··ǰС
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ҹĴ󺣣һƬڡ
ɾʱֻ΢ˮ죬СԶ
һͷɫƬͷǳ׳ĴߣС
ͷϺСעС֮ϵǿ׳βͣȴϢںˮ֮ҡҷš
һԴľۣһԷֽڵڿٲ׽ľǰ֫ĴβȺһԳβ档
䲻ߣܿӾ
ԭ֮еҶͻȻüͷһ壬̧ͷֱӳСıȥèһͷ޿ȥ鿴һ¡
԰գҶһΣϢĳСԵһʯ
ͨʶҶԷǳĿС֮⣬һ˫۷âκޣСǱ
ͷ޵ǰ·ߣǳǶ
ǵأҶеһèҲԼ
ףⲻ֮ƵĴϺ𣿵ʲôڰпǣɳֺޡèźˮ֮еͷϺֻҶ΢΢ЩϺսȻôǵϢ֮ȴһֱܵ츳ңҲԿǵ٣ôͷϺģ
Ҷ˫ͷϺɫЩѿҵĵһȽ񣬶ΣգһֱܵĸӦҷͷϺǸӦһΣϮ
ʲôΣֻҪǲͷϺȥȻתһطˣûͷϺǰ˿ǣҲǲܸġ
˵⻰èһΣֱӳͷϺȥ
ڰ֮еѾ֣һƳź֮еֻϺȥ
ֻһ䣡
ҹ֮УɴС淺ĴƣôٵĽ˺ˮ֮С
һͷϺǾҡҷһβͣŴٶȥ
ڴ뺣ͳײʱβһڵĴϺٶȿľˡ
ֻһԴľۣԵֵһèĴӡͽźˮ֮յĶ˿
Ǵ֮е쳣ͷʵõĴϺȻһʵһҶҲǶ˺֮ģˣȻС֮ٳͷϺȥ
ҶٴֲѵĴϺͻȻ¶Ĵ죬һӿֻݣ֮ϡ
һˮУƾնҶ
⹥Ҳٴﵽĳ̶ȡҶȻ˶ڰ֮Уȴ鶯ĺܣֻŤһ֫Ϻ³ˮС
ϺԱ֮ҶһͬһƵһݺ˴Ϻϡ
ֻ飡һ죬Ϻһ˺棬иǷǳҵС
Ҷһ㺣棬űһĴϺΪһһѪ㻮˳ա
Ϻ䵽֮ʱǱ
һļ׿ǣ湻ʵģȻƣŽҶ䵽֮ϣȥĴϺаţǲǿôϺļ׿ǣһڼס
ɾʱҶȴɫһ䣬̧ͷﲻԶһ
ĿɨʱһͷϺȴԾ˺棬ĵϺۣĶҶķѪâϺ֮Уһ˿ͷһǳС
ʱ֪ϺϸèȻɫãڴźţ죬ֹ
ɣԣèѣˡ
һͷϺһ˲䣬ϣֲͬ͵ĺ֮
Щһ棬ը˻
ĴˮһͷͷΪѪĺޣں֮ðͷ
ҶĿ⣬ΧɨɨʱǧƵĺޣСΧ
ںҹ֮УЩ˫۷Ĺĺޣȷʵļ¡
ЩҵĺޣͬһȺΪʲôᰲȻµľһ𣿡ҶһĻҲȻһֱǳеèʱҲе㷢
вˣèЦЩ֮లµľһһ˰вٿء
˵Ҳһ߸ʬˡҶɫЩѿ֮УֳȺĺޣֻ·һ
ҲһȻǧƵĺޣд󲿷ֵʵȽӵսĺޣʮͷǻпɱΧġ
è⻰˵Ȼɣ飬ȴصҪ֪صˣµģЩ޶ֵʱĴĹһҪԸеǸˡ
ҶȴǿЦѵǧƵĺްЩޣ͵ģ൱һʦ֮ߣǶ˵УҲֻ൱ͨ˶ԡЩޣƤּ׺ٶֿ죬ֻһסǺģҲᱻǺ̸ʲôʵèĻҶеһɼѹ


507 ʮ󺣵
ʱ򣬺ϵЩޣѾƽֻǺĬķҶè·
ֻǧƵĺ֮УͻȻͷΪ͵Ļ裬¶ͷ
ͷ裬ʮףͣҶҶۣҪ˲١
ͷͻȻ¶ͷèҲһ
ģ˺˵Ļ裬žʣǰ벽۵սѪݣèҲǽѸ˼Ӧ֮
ʹҲſλʵս
ͷһȺ޵ΧҲûжİա
֮սκ˵ƣΣҲ纣޵ġ
ڴ֮Уһͷ֮ͨĺޣҲλ֮࿹⡣
ںè˵һͷ裬Щͬʱͷ裬Ǿļˡ
ǣпƺ޵ˣû¶档
£ҶҲȻ֣ܶðн䱸ֹ˵͵Ϯ
һⳡսֻèȥˡ
ͷΪ׵Ļ裬Į쳣èУֻѪɱ⣡
οǲƴˡһȺΧסлͷսﵽ˰벽֮Ļ裬èҲһп࣬ȫ߶
󡫣ͷĻ裬Ȼһͺ֮һʱ䣬˷ĺޣŵˮֱƿճè
ˮ֮С
èӰڸˡ
ִģĹ޿ɱܣ
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һ˲䣬ϰٵĻ֮ϡ
ֻһ졭
ЩȻ󣬵డ
ЩͬʱһϣèĻҲЩԲ
ҺãҲֻǳԲѣûбЩŪƻ֡
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ȵննȱèͷ裬Щޣܲͳһսèлָһٴȫ߶
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Ϊ׵ͷ裬ǻĳСȥ
Ȼûҵè£ҪҶˡ
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ҿô˼թȻèдıԣ͵Ϯͷźȥ
ɲ֮УһͷϾ
ֻһˮ죬èˮ
һͷĹһ̣Ҳèϡ
ֻ꣡һ죬Ϊ׵һͷ裬һˮУ䵽è֮ϣһ˼֮ȴǽ֮Ӳ
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ڴ֮еٶȣʵ̫ˣҲĿ¡
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ҿèˮ֮ǰǴ߶γһ׻ףסȫ
ҪȻ͸ղһͷĹҲԲˣߡ
ںеٶȣҲֲ̫˵ɡèȻ֪޵սڴ֮УԶ࣬Ҳû뵽ᳬ
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ʵû뵽顣
һҧֱӴ߶ȫ
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ʱһͷ裬׷˹
һӽèһ˺԰ټƵĺޣֱӳè
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ˮϵֱʵˮγıһΪʽÿƴ󺣵ˮϵĳһΧڵĺˮγɱˡ
ʽﵽ벽֮ܳɹʩչ
Ҷһ䣬ֻˡһ
һҶΪģΧڵĺ棬𵭵ɫâ
ֻһ֮꣡𡭡
԰ټƵıЩȺ֮Уͻأð˳
ıֱӴ˺޶ƤۼףѪȾһƬ
мͷ˵ĺޣҪߣȴҶٴγնɱ
󡫣һĻΪ׵ͷ輱ۡ
һͺ
γΧ֮ƣҶȥ
ĺãҶһ״ֶ̬֧õʱ䣬˿̿ͷ边ȻĳҶһȣֱӭȥ
ֻһƵͽһͷ裬׷˳ȥ
Ȼٶһͷ衣
Ӳƴһʻ˺档
һͷ裬ѱҶС
ɹɱһͷ֮ҶתΣӭһͷ衣
֪ʱһУͻȻڴ󺣵Զ
һͷΪ׵Ļ裬ĽȻԥתͷܡ
һͷһߣޣȻҲˮˡ
ںҹ֮УǧƵĺޣҶնɱһͷ֮󣬾Ȼת֮䣬ʧҶ֮ڡ
ʱèȻԾͬһ㣬ӹͷʼĺޡ
ֻ
һͷʼĺޣֱնɱȡǵ޺ˣ㽫ϵۼݣ
èĻ˵ʹˮвƲɵӡ
㻹湻̰ġҶɨèһۣЩʧĺޣû·صļһ
ҶԼղȻǿд߶֮ƣնɱһͷ裬˿̵ҶԸоԼ֮УѴһǳĸо
Ҷ鿴һԼڵ˱ס
ҿпŵǼһԼֶξˣҪټս֮еᱻǸһ￴ڵҶ֪Ȼһ˲ս
սֻҪάּӵʱ䡣
Ҳ˵״̬µҶֻʺϵʺȺսǳ־ս
èʱҲҶԡ
пӵǼһҲ֪ҪǣһøصĴۣŰȥˡèҶüͷһȻԶʱڣֲսܵķɣƺҲǲС
Ҷ˵ͷԺƴҪȻŰʽʽǾԲٶˡҶַʽʲôĲ
һʹôˣ
ҪԭԼ壬ԳЩͻĹ
Ժ巽棬µһ๦С
ȻҶڵѹһֻۣԽǿԺܸõĳһ֮ʱ
뵽Ҷٶ룬è˵ԼӹĹ֮ƬƮһʱ䣬Ӧʶ㣬ղŶаеˣй¶һ˿ϢҲӦøܵˣ֪пǵǸһʲôˣ
è⻰üһᣬŵƬԵȻ֮ǿߣǳټҲûУͷģʮ󺣵ղϮǵģӦ˰޵ʮһޣһȴЩͷΪݶרŸɱԽĹʮ󺣵֮Уĺ֮һһǼ֮УΪɱͬţͬű׷ɱһ·ӵƬԵ򣬵һɢޣ˵٣ǳأҲǳһֵĵӣ
Ҷüͷ΢ʮ󺣵һ֯ô
ǵǣʵƬԵĺɱߣֻ֮꣬ʵиеͣдСνʮ󺣵ָʮǿĺ֯Щʮ󺣵֮УһЩϲһЩȴϲ֯һ׼ɱ˵Ƭ򣬾Ͱѳʮ󺣵СǿʵƬ򣬿˵ΪΪ޼ɵ
Ҷ˵ͷȴֺɻ˵ʮ󺣵֮У֯ģҲжģʮһֻڵλһĺʲô̶ȣ
ҾͲ֪ҲӦôﵽ֮èҡҡͷҲЩôȷ
ԭƬԵ򣬾ȻѳһУֲ˻ңĴɱ¾ϣҶâһ߰ɣ뿪ҪʮһͬǾ鷳ˡ
˵Ҳǣʮ󺣵Ȼûһ𣬵໥֮䣬һϵʽΧɱȷʵǼ鷳顣è˵ֱȡҶۣ֮׵˺ϡ
ߣˣԺʮһ㡣ҶȻ֪еٴԾҶۣźǵһʻȥ
ڴ֮д죬ŴﵽǴеĿĵأǡ
;УȻҲ⵽һЩޡɱߵϮȴûʮ󺣵
һҶèҲȻоյĴﵽ˺ǡ
ʮһΪʲôûϮһ汻ҶֶεĻסˡ
Ҳʮһʮ󺣵֮УԵ̫ûԸɡ
֮ʲôԭҶʮһӣȴǽᶨˡ
ҶĸоκһطɱӶᣬ˵Σء
ɱԵȴƬ԰ȫĵط


508 
һ߳źǽӽèһ֣ҶںڣǾԽֹɱģһеץסǺǳأ߷㣬ӳ⣬ֱӱ㣡
Ҷ΢΢һʣڳڶ֣
ǧԼΪԼ뿴ƬԵ򣬿˵ޱ޼ʣȴǣһ㣬Ϳĵÿһ棬סŶٸ֡Щǣܽģû൱ΪƸǵĳţ̤룬ҪõľסȨǸĴۣΪˡ˵èҲһ̾
һˣǵĳţˣܹںģӦöƬԵľӢˣҶèĻ˹
վҶϣǰֳĳǳèҡͷ̾ϢţƬߣһӿా֮ΪܳΪǵľΪ˴ﵽĿģһЩϵļ壬֪ǰ󸶳˶ٵŬɾҲаٷ֮ʮϵļ壬ʧˣϾҪΪǵľʵ̫ˣҪǵü֮Уһǿߣ⣬ҪһӴľѣԼɺ䲼񡣲֪Ŷˣ֮Уˣ˱ʵ֮⣬Ҫо˵ˡ
ҶԳΪǵľûʲôȤ
Ȥǣǵһĳǳء
͸ϵԼԼǰһ޴ĵ֮ϣһӴֶϢĳǳء
ɫĳǳأɲ֪ĺɫʯɢŴ뻪Ϣ
ǣ
Բ֮ڣΨһһǣ
ѾˣèͻȻҶһգ۾ǰ
ҶҲЩΪҲǵһο׳ӵľͳǳء
ǳأԲ
ĳǳأڴ۹ΣҲǿġ
رǸߴɵĳǽǸһּΪܵӾʢ硣
ΰĳǳأ׻˶ٵֵ˶ʱ䣬ܽɣҶУҲǳ𺳡
Ҷպ֮˾ͳһۿڵͷ̤ˮȥ
ΪǰһƬˮʵ̫ͣĴֻҪӽۿڣ֪Ҫȶ٣ܽۿڡ
һ̤ˮͷ
Խһҵľʹֻ֮èҶͬͬʱڸۿڵһʯͷϡ
èԶĳһۣŶҶǵȡǧԪΪǷѣܽ뺣ǡ
ģĹأҶҶûжȳǵĳȥ
Ҫ뺣ǵˣʵ̫ˡ
ЩˣƬ˷Ļĵ
˿̣ڳſڣѾ˼ӡ
ǣ͵Ĺأû˸
һЩǿߣҲǷǳʵĽɷǡ
ҶǿһЩûɷѣֱӽ˺ǡ
Щвٴ½ӵܡ
һݱȽϸ߹ߵʲôط٣ЩȨ
ô½˵ϣÿ첻֪жˣΪ½ϸĿƶȣȴǰٷ֮ʮŵŵˣ֮⡣
˵ϣÿһݣôףܻõģۿƶȣɸѡƶȣܿ
ڳſڣСʱֵҶè
ֱһǧԪ飬˲Ž˺ǡ
ҪڵұչһʣھҶ֮սҲ޷⺣ǡ
ͬ۰ҶǧԪ飬ȴҲû̫⡣
ǵĳڣȻ
Ԫ֮ŨǸֽҲɶ칤һС
뺣ǣèҶˣһͬڿĽֵϣΧĴͽ
еÿһǾĴģЩͻ˼˿ҪǳӵһΪסأǲءҶЩֹϵĽҲһ̾
èȴҡͷһЦֹǲףǼֱǷǳĲףÿһأΪĽϱͼ۸ˡһЩϣҪר֮󣬲죬Կ˵⺣еأǴ𣬾һʣҲû㹻ĲﹺһӵȨ
⻰ҶɨһԱߵè
è飬Ҷȴ˹⺣ǵÿһݣ۸ֻѴﵽһǳµĳ̶ȡ
ҪȻҲèļһ޷ܡ
ҶҲʶ˺ǵķ֮
Ǵڵ£Ѿ൱ˡèҶϸ˵ȻĽÿһޱȣҲܹоֶеĹϢ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ȷʵܹܵ⺣ֹӶֲɣϢ
Ҳֻ֮Уӵȹϵĳǳء
ףǸεķװʲôģô֮ߣҶһڽֵţһߴǳصĸ̡
һǻķװʱȴǱ۵ķװһ
è˳ҶĿȥ΢Цװ·ɶͨģ˵ķװֻ¶ߴöԪ顣ķװ˵ЩͨˣһЩڵͲߣҲѲ𣬱һ׹ڵ⣬Ƶ·
èָŷװһ׷ŵӨķװһ׷װĲϣܿȡں֮Ƥп޵ëֻ˿֮һ׼·ֵٴﵽǧöԪ顣
ҶĿɿڴ
һ·ֵǧöԪ飬˭
˭ûһԪ飬ȴһ·
Ȼһڵչ·ģҲõģ˵ÿһ·˰󣬰ղĳ̶ȣͨһ㣬ϰöԪ飬΢ϡһЩģǱԪˡϣԴһЩޡǼΪϡĲ˿Ƶģôһ·ֵǧԪ飬ҲǺܳģȻΪЩ·ȡһЩĲϣÿһ·ȻҲŸԵЧͳһЧȴ󶼷ۣ־ʹʽ
è˵ȴҡͷһЦȻЩ·ΪһЩǮ޴Ĵ׼ģˣҲˣûҪԩǮ
˵ҲǣΪߣԴΪ
ҶȻ۲ƣڴϣҲû̫Ľ
һ·ǰèҲΪҶһЩǱȽĵط
ʳ뽻ͨߣȷʵҶۻҡ
ƣǲһЩطһЩƶɵġ
һЩȽĲϣҪðߣȥһЩղȡ
˵ǵʳסУԶĵ֮ء
۹֮һЩ׼ļȣҲʳİٷ֮һ
ҶʱҲ֪ΪʲôôຣϵߣͷҪ⺣ˣﻹһǳܵĵط
ܣû㹻ıǮǽ˳ǣҲֻˡ
ʹһʱǳͨĲҪʮƵԪ顣
Ҫ֪һʦһãҲʮöԪ顣
һµĻۣһͨĲ飬ֻû
ȻһЩǳ׵ģͲһˡ
һҶèĴ£ĺ
һǱǳ֮УǱҶǰһ֮ɫ
ǰ׵ĵطһͨɰɫʯľ޴Ǳ
Ѵ֮ҶʶǲȻִܹһǱİɫʯʵһ׷ǳټֶĺʯ
ĺʯÿһƬ򣬶࣬ȴ˼ǱֶΣΪˡ
Ǵ½ķֲèָһɺʯĳǱֻҪӵд½ݣͿṩȨ
⺣֮УҲΨᣬӵŰɣ߰ɣȥǼһ¡·ϣèѾҶ˵һ顣
ڶֹأҶҲǷǳϤġ
ҶͨĽֵϣһΣӿÿһţͬʱ֪Ŷ˳롣
ȻģҲȫࡣ
෴࣬󲿷ֶһЩǳֵ塣
Щ壬Щͷǣȴ죬ֻŽס
൱˶ˣҲһЩϻǳëƬ캣塣
ҶһЩϳһ׵İˡ
Щ壬ʵȽǿ
ÿһսԪǿߡ
һЩǿ壬ʿ⡣
壬һ߽һЩǵ۹֮УǱΪŵĴڡ
Ѿ̽ˣᣬÿһڣͻῪһţÿδ͵ȴֻһ١è˵ȴüһ죬ŵĿʱ䣬ֻԱˡ
ûԱȥ˵ҶҲǲһܵԱˣһȥ
½Ĺ㳡֮ϣʦĴڣҶ˲٣ʣèȴһҲû
˵ĵطӦòȱǿߡ
ԴӽǣڣҶȴһҲû
һĻвЩɻ


509 
ͨèĽ˵ס
ڱԵҲһˣһ㺣ϣҲǱȽټģֻЩҴе۹ĺϣűȽϳ
ʣƾߺ֮˻ߵԴֻ¾꣬Ҳѵóһ
ҶĴ۹Ҳûж٣ۣһҲù
˵ھͺ֮ϣȻʣҲܼģҪ
ںĵطȻȱʡ
ֻǣʵﵽ֮ƬߺԴǶĴڣ𲻵ʲôˡ
һʵȽǿʣΪԼĺںðһݲҵȷԼʳסз棬֮󣬾һһͨţȥȥˡ
ϾԴԶԶֻߺܱġ
ڻʵΨȥѰһԵ
˵Ȼǵҵ֮ǿõģǵĺڴǱˣܶȥƴȥˡ
ҲΪʲôҶһ·ǰʦ֮˲٣֮ߣȴһҲûҪԭ
̸֮䡣
ѾĴſڣ
ΧˣȻкܶ࣬ʸҵģȴǺܶ࣬˵ǱȽϡ١
ҵˣ֮䣬һָһȵ̬
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෢̬ȺǼĪүү֪ΪҺãҺòףܹǰķãԶλᣬҲ
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⻰ҶȻ϶Ǵè⣬Ͼղų෢϶ĶԻҲˡ
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뵽ҶʹԼǰľеͷˮҰ̻ʵȴһʶ
Ҳеۣȥ̽ȥˣ̻֮УһЩġ


511 
ʱſʼΪҶľĶһľд򿪣ָĶ˵𽣣Ƕ߿ǳʯȡ֮һ߷ǳ֮˵࣬紵ϷⷨΣ
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512 
ǵִſڵʱѾǱİ֮УһߴʮɴͿռ֮š
ͬʱˣռ֮Ծȥ
ţҶ̧ͷҪ͸ţŵ棬ʲôȴһƬޣʲôҲ
ҶèŸʱȴһλš
ҶèޱһУ죬ʾһǵ
ԣûκԥݵ˺ߵı档
Ҷèıպ֮󣬺߲΢΢ͷȥɡȴûٴαҶè
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ԣߣҪջر
ҶèҲû⣬һԾ֮С
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ЩӶ״ȿһ޴γɡ
ɳ̲֮ϣѾıʽľףʽŹֵҶɢܡ
Щھ޴ĹѾϣѳΪһûõķƷ
˿̣ϰٵӰĺ̲ϣСš
ЩˣǴ˴ͨţЩðߡ
רפӪصĺҲûôȫ
ƬΣ˵䡭
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һð֮У෢ʵֻе׵ĴڣܸҶèߣһְȫıϡ
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󺣣ں֮ϵҲԽԽŨ
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ҶһԺ֮УЩʧ
Ҷèޱȣһӿ⣬뺣֮ϵȫ˿
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èƵ飬ҶϣҲһ˿֮ɫ
ЩӵջѴﵽʮԪ
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Щ죬ǾѾ˲١
࣬ѶΣģȴûмԣЩٲɣǸϴˡ
Ǻһˮ岿䣬Լɡèһ䣬Զ˻֮ʲô߹ˮ壬ڳһ㡣
Ҷ̧ͷǰԶȥȴǰϣǳǧƵӰ
ЩӰΪ뺷׳ʵΪֵǣǵıϣȻűͷ߽Σͻ
ңǵϣЩܲ
ˮ֮лȺҶ˫΢΢Щ˶еӰ
Ҳ֪һЩ
УΪǿȻǺ
޼ұ뱱ڤҲ庣
Ĵ֮⣬Ǹˮ岿ˡ
ˮ岿֮У⻢ȺзǳǿһȺ׺ɱư
˵Ųݴصӵܣǰ벶׽ΪȴȺֱ¾
ԸΪĻһ壬֮УҲǷǳ߰Ⱥ


513 
ЩļһʲôҶüͷ΢壬ȴҶ۵ٶȣ𽥵ļ
ڴʱЩȻҶ˵Ĵڡ
һƬִлҪҪϹӿ֮䣬һǳǿʵĻˣˮֳֹꪣɷ
ۡҶֳֹǵĻˣҲ΢΢һ
ӶԷɢϢжϣˣȻһۡ
󣬻վȽ۵ĻУʵҲ൱Լλ֮ʵ
ݣǿ
ͬʱҶһ˿֮⡣
Ƭ򣬲ûʲôĺ׵Ŀûʲôϡе꣬ΪʲôֹģĻѲӶӡ
Ȼк棬ҶȴûԷϵ뷨
Щ˵Ļһۣèʹ˸ɫǵתͷһʻȥ
ͳ죬֮УҲһλʵսޣֱǣʳǵѪʳǸãΪʲôҪ뿪
Ҷ˼ԦҶԶȥ֮վںһˣȴЩãǶͳЩ
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ͳ췢ǧƵĻˣʱһһû˴֮УƬ򣬿ʼ˵̺ʽ
ʱԶڰ֮Ҷˡ
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֮УʲôЩޣǳ־顣
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ˣΪʲô෢ҶĻкǲᣬЩʣϾЩ죬Ҷջʵ̫ˡ
ҸоϷ飬ȻǱѰһЩڣʵǳǿ˵ɣ˵ľʣֻҪȥͱɡȻ㲻ҲԴȥȥ֮󣬶Σȴǲ㱣֤Ҷų෢꣬Ȼ
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Žèĳ෢꣬Ҷȴų෢ıӰģҶˣ˵ģҲ˵ˣЩ죬ջҲǲˣ㣬Ͳټȥǻغǣ
˵⻰Ǹ෢ʲôӦҶһȥ
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㣬࣬Ǻ壿෢һ˲䣬͸еԼǱ޶סһ㣬ʱһ˵Щˡ
Ҳ֪ŪףԼȥèȻɨͻȻֵһۣҲһɿĻ˶Էһ䣬Ȼ׳ҶۣԳ෢ϴߡ
仰һ䣬èȴæҶۡ
෢귢è飬ƺЩԾҲûжʣҲԾҶϡ
෢Ѿϴè˵æԦҶۣ뿪
ôֲôӾܣӿһ༫Ϊ꣬è෢ȥӰȴǺݺݷ˸ۣȻһûɭ֮С
ǰǸ˭ҸоϵϢѪȣȵҶ۳뿪˺ʻ˺Զ෢һɻè
ǱԵɱ͢īèų෢꣬Ц͢īԸţȴ˵һһΪλбԵʮ󺣵֮ףž۵Ϊڲɱ˳ơѪִ󺣵
û˳෢׸Ҷһ·Ǳȥ
һ·֮ϣȺԽԽ࣬ЩȺʵҲԽԽǿ
ɣҶǸǵ֮ȴҲһͷ޵Ӱ
˵ˣǳϣҲûһֻ
һƬ򣬸ĸо͸һӷǳζ
Ҫո˵ֻҲ̲סͷ뿪
һΧĻ౻Ⱥ̤ĲҶ֦
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ңλۡ
ҶȻֻһʣȴһʮǵʣţƾԼʵǲܹλ棬Ҫλ۵Ĺ£ȫˣӦÿġ
ҲΪģԲŸҹһðա
صʹƬγһ
ѿԷֹһߴ룬Ҷּߣȴûʲôá
ֻһͺɽ򣬽С


514 ֮
ҶսƬʱ򣬱Եʮ󺣵֮еĵһ֣͢īҲ
͢ī֮󣬸Ӧһеƿγɵ˽ȥգ۲
͢īŽȥһᣬ֮ǰںǸĸ֣Ҳ£ε
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Щȥޣȫʵ˵Ĵһһ⣬ϵѪǱʲôǿһ㣬ȫ£ҲһѪҺ
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ΪСҪҪ㶯֣ƾٶȣӵ𣿡ʩ¶̲мɨ͢īһۣȴûˣҶ¶ɻ֮ɫ˭ϵϢİӦǵһɣ
ǰһֱһĵСгɾͣųһȴû뵽λҶ΢ЦĻش˶Էʻȴһκˡ
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ֲϴʮһҪˣ˵һУնɱһͷʼĻ裬һһֱΪǸһʣˣ󺣵͢ī⻰һǿ϶Ҷ
ҶһУɱһͷʼĻ裬ʱҲһʣһնɱͬĻ裿
ˣȻ͢ī˵ˣǾӦôˣ˿˵ҲʸǴ˴εж˵Ů˵֮ϵӦҲˣйϸҲ˵ˣҪȻҲˣȻˣҲ֪ʮŽᾧ壬ʲô֮ϣħػħÿһͷÿӵ۵ʵǶΪս˵ûаϣĿǰֻһ
ʩС飬ͬ⣬ңǵþжҹζ࣡󺣵͢īһӦ˺Ůӵ顭
Ҷһۣ͢īһۣźŮӵҲͬ⣬֪ԼʵʩСУʲôʮź֮ģֻȡһţ
㻹е֪֮ģ³֮һһź֮ĵġ˵ʩ¶ֿ˴󺣵ҶȻǿɻʲôҪ˵ģ
ûʲô˵ʮź֮ģ³֮ȡţʩСӦҲͬɣ͢īĻشģԵúνǳɵʩ¶̣Ʒȴƺǳš
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ҶҲ֪£Ψ֣пܶᱦɹ
ǶԷƺ֪֮ʲôΨֻ֪֮ǳѴﵽûκʵĵزȷʵǲ֪⺣֮ģʲôõġ
뵽˱ӣЩεڶ֮ǰܸܲңʲôǺ֮ģʲôã
⻰ʩ¶̣͢ī΢΢һ
˰ΣһĹŹҶ㲻֪ʲôǺ֮ģ
Ҷʵĵ˵ͷйغ֣֮ҽ컹ǵһ
ÿһź֮ģ̺һ˿󺣵ıԴ֮ĺͺ޵ں֮󣬿ú޵꣬ɱɺ꣬ӶΪĺ塣Ϊĺ֮Ƕ󺣵׺ɰǧߣڴֱ̺֮ӴӱԴ֮򡭡
󺣵͢īȻΪҶ˵Ҫһ㣬ֻú֮ģγ˺ĺ壬󺣵ǣƣøһڴ½Ҫûк֮ģûк꣬ǿĺޣҲܳʱ뿪󺣣һ뿪󺣵ʱ۶ôǿĺޣɿ
ʩ¶ȴſڵ֮ģκκޣ֮Уÿ꣬ŵʮź֮ģʹÿһź֮ģǳһ㣬˵ҲһģֻҪں˺֮ģڴ󺣵׺ҲἫߣȻǰ̬Ҳͬڴ½һڴ֮ˡң֮ĻһôͿԾڵΨһϧǣÿһˣֻһź֮ġˣְɣҪǿ߸ĺ֮ģɾͲˣʩ¶˵һ仰һϹƿһʱ򣬾ѾС
ƿʩ¶һףռ֮еԪأͻȻӿ
ԭɼϹ⣬ʱ
һĻҶһȻ֪ƿʲô⹦Чһ˷ɡ
˷Ҳϡޱȡ
ҶڣҲûŪ
ֲ͢īŮ˼ɵˡ
˵Զ͢Ĭʵ˷Ҳ͢һġ


515 ǿ
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Ҷ֣ϰɣ󺣵͢īɨҶһۣû˵һһɫʯĳС
ֳֳ͢īһǽɽ֮Уֱ֮еһù˹ȥ
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һͼԶϣͻȻһҶۣһͷɫĴèͻȻںߡ


517 Ѩ
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ԷƺƬռ䣬ҶɫѿȻѾȡɱ«һ֮ĺ壬үҶҲðȻ֡
ǰҲǻˣҶԼе飬ϾҲеϵһ뻢Źϵϸһ˵ǲС
Ѫ϶ҶĻȴһüϷǻһ峤˵Ϸ뻢ʲôϵ˵Ѫ˫΢УȻĶҶһֻѲӶӣƬ˵ɣ㵽ʲôطǡ
˵ʻϣ˫֮УȴǺƷǳˡ
ǻ峤˵Էı壬һͷˡһͷӵ֮ĻֲսҶֱ˹ȵס
ǰȻǻ峤ֻѲӶƬ֮ΪûӣҶɻͻȻʵ
ҵЩЩСһϷ򲻾ǰõõһź֮ģʵڲɵȵϷ֮ģΪ壬ں֮ĵİ£˳֮һֻѲӶӣȴûӰѪ˵ϵ飬Щɭ
ΣĪϵɱΣѴλ֮ҶԷĻͷ֮ϣǲ亹һͨȫƴһ˿
һɱεķѻʯ
뵽ɱ«֣Ӳˡ
Ϸڵʵȷʵ൱֮еλ𡣡ͷ֪˶Ļڵõ֮ģΪ֮鲻ԲҶ˵ôķϻ
ȻǰΪҲͷˡԷ̹ȻһĴڣҶ֪Լû˰㷴
ֻĬȻһᣬһȴͻȻڵǰãħϳ֮أˣħϳ֮أȴͷһͷǰͬħλˣ˿ֻ̣ѾΪħĸѪʳ
ħϳѪüͷ΢غԴͷ㣬ǻ׶༪١˵ѪͻȻҶȻⲻ⣬ǾֻϷһˡ
˵ֻѪߴһţֱӳҶץ
ͨĳλҶŻԷƴϼС
λûС
ۼԷĴֳԼץҶҲûжĶûҲԴС
Ȼеı«һӣͼ«ڴȻʮâֱӳԷȥ
ɾʱѪֻ΢΢һΡ
ҶǰǳѪߵӰɱ«ĺâҲһһ˿մ
Ҷ֮䣬һȫ£ѱԷúˮ۵ˮ
Ȼʱ˳Ҳֻǵ£ͱԷˮˡ
̫࣬ʵΪһΡ
ԷһоͽҶסţûƶһ¡
ҶȻ֪Լһλûκʤ㣬Ҳ뵽ܵ˸ɾ䡣
ֱǷ־
кȻ֮Ҳһ粻
Էһͷ֮Ļں˺֮ģΪһĺ塣
һΪ壬ڴ󺣵׺֪ٱ
֮Уһսͬһֻ࣬ҲҪԲˣߡ
ôһ㣬ڴ֮е֮ͨޣǿ̫ˡ
Ϊ޵ĻںϺ֮ģΪ֮󣬿¾ǺλϣҲ϶١
Ҷ֮ܶ˶Է


518 ٻ
ת֮䣬ƻһһиֶ
ھԵʵǰЩƻȴǸû˿á
Ҷѿ֮ϣͻȻӿһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
һξѪֱӵɱ«֮ϣɱ«߷ŶԷ
Ѿˣ֮ǰһҪöԷɱ«Ա֮
ɱ«ûʱҲһ˷Ѿ𣬵һطԱܣʹҪѪߵҲöԷһƤ
Ѫ߿ҶеǸɱ«ٸһº«Ŀȴ¶Գһ˿Сӵǹ̥һ˷Ȼ
֪Ƿ˷ֻǴ˵еĵطǲ֮ܽ޸һͭûʲô𣬸ܷӳκε
ڿҶȻһƵ˷߷زѪߵУЩɣ󣬾νЦЦٺ٣ƺ«ǼȽ˷ѽСһƺ«ɣڳһƴϷҿû˵Ҫɱ֣ղ֮Գ֣ҲֻҪ̽һǳ
ѪһӣסҶˮʱΪˮ˴֮С
̽һҵǳʲôǺ壬һΪѪʳ𣿡»ָɵҶüͷĪǰĿζ岻ͬ
ҶѪߵĻŰɡ
ɴû˵к岻ʳѪġ
ɶԷʵ˸߾ҲƺûҪһƭԼ
ȻԽʳǺΪβܽ൱ѪʳϷ֮Ȼԭ򡣡Ѫ۸ӦһҶϵϢָ
Ҷȴ΢΢һ㶣
ԷƺûҪСͷ
ѵԷûɱԼͷ
ʱҶЩɲˡ
һᣬҶͻȻϻһգȫ˷
ȻԼȫһƴ޷κε˶Էɴá
ǶԷҪԼСҲԼ˵ôķϻ
֮ǰˮסԼʱ򣬾ȫոԼС
ҶѾ˹ѪҲǵ˵ͷ¶һ˿ЦϷϲʶʵ࣬СһҪϷ£˵ãϷ򲻵ɱ㣬ô
ǰҪȥʲôҶ⻰Ű
Ȼ֪ԷҪԼȥʲô飬ٿԱ֤ԼܾԷʱӦòȡԼ
£ϴ֮˵ѪߵЦɨҶһۣһףһҰɫҶۣͳ˺֮ϣҶ˲һâһ¾ͽҶҶ֮С
Ҷâһȴûκεķ
ȵҶҶ֮ϺѪҶ۵֮У׽ǧöԪ飬ֻһҶ۾Ȼֱӳ˺ףȻں֮Уֱǰʻȥ
ΪҶۣһ㵭İ׹סˣˮ׹룬ҶǿͨɫĹĻ֮еֺ
֪ǲѪϢ̫ǿԵʣƬ򣬳һЩͨĺһЩͽ׵ĺ֣ûС
һ·֮ϣǼຣ㡢Ϻ֮Ķ
Ѫ߿ҶƺԺľɫǳȤȵҶ˺һ֮󣬲ŵȻһЦɽ壬ҲϿȣ︻ָĿ½̲ٵϡвԴ󺣵ԴǷǳḻġ
⺣ףǸɫ졢ḻ硣Ҷ˵ͷԼʮӣҶѪ߽¥֮С
¥״һͨķӣûʲôֻ׹ǲһЩƣܺˮѹġ
¥ĴСһƽףǽ֮ϣǶӤȭͷС顣
Ĺâ¥֮Уҫͬ硣
⼸飬òף֮У鱴ĲΪ˵õЩ飬ϷǸ˲СĴۣÿһ飬ֵǡѪۿǽϵʮ飬Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
Ҷǽϵ飬ҲһȣͬӤȭͷС飬˵ǿˣҲû˵
Ҫǹ˼ǰϹֻὫЩչһա
Ϲע£ҶȴϴͷС
ѪߴҶһװηǳĴ
֮УڷһЩȫɺ̵Ρ
Щɺͨɺ
һͨɺݡѪĿĹЧһֱȽѵҩϡ
ѪͨɺΣ˵ݻ˼㡣
ɣѪ߻ߵɺ£ȻֳҶһ¡
ҶҲûпֱ֮֮ѪߵĶ档
ϷնľһѪ߰۾ҶСһ˭Ǵʲôطģ
ҶԱԵ򣡡Ҷûԥֱ˵Լ
ٺ٣ԭҶϷҲʵ㣬˴ΣϷǰֻѱϷ˸ɾ֮СҲܲµһЩԭˡѪҶƤЦⲻЦ
Īϼһ֪к֮ģҶһȴǿ򶨵޶ۣԡ
Сӣ㲻޶ֻۣʱ򣬴ͷľҶһۣŻڵϷ˵ʵɣ㵽ʦʦҩʦ
ǰΪдһʣҶ΢΢һʱԼ顣
һϢϷϤһλʦϸӦǧҪʵľܸȤҶǸߣСһԺǰ;˲ð
Ҷȴüͷ壬Ȼ𣬵ϵ𣬿ɲֹһ֣һ˻𣬻һػ
ֻ棬֮УԶڴΪ֪ӵһ£Ҷ൱ɵġ
ȻѪ֮һйء
Ѫἰ֮£Ҷһʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ӦֻñĬȻ
ľҶɫ飬ȴҲû⣬ֻǵȻһЦ˵ҩʦʦֻʦ½Ϊ˲ţСӵҲŷǳصı°ɡСһϷҲʵ㣬֮ûжɱ֣ϵ𣬷һë£ˣᱻϷɸɾ˵ľɺͷһ촽
ҶԣҲһȻԷɱԭ򣬾ֻΪݡ
ľҶ飬Ҳû˵ʲô
һӣһɫƿƽȵҶ
ƿ棬аٻһöϷʮ꣬ռĲϣŻǮһҩʦƶɵģǺ࣬Ƕ࣬ҲǴкô٣ȫڻ£
ľƿ׸Ҷ֮󣬺ǵȻҶ˼ԶҶ´˵
Ҷӹƿĵҩȴѿޱȡ
Էһ·ˡ
ЩϹ£Ȼˮ¶
˵˵ĹЧֻ٣ֻ¾һ׳գҲš
˵͵ĵҩȻٵҩЧĿܣһĵĶ
ڲֵ֪ҩҩ֮ǰҶΣҲ´˵ġ
Ҷ¶飬ЩɲѪɫͻȻһô´˵ѵ㵣ǿŶСһɲҪˣϷҪСȫûҪô鷳ģ
ǰҪɱȻֻǾ֮ͣʱµ飬ǰ˵ֵҩʵ;ԸһҶ㣬ѪߵĿ⣬ǾȻ
ľԣɫȻһɱ֡
ҶаϼһȻûģ˲ɺϵѪֱӶ
ҶһȻ飬ľȴһŭû뵽ǰСӣȻĲ
˰ΣüͷСӣ˵ɣҪſ°ٻ
֪㵽Ҫȥʲô飬£жΣգҶ鵭ȻȴǼᶨ
Ѫԣԥһ£ŵȻ֪ϷҲʵ㣬ϷҪȥһǸطжΣգóȻ룬ʮóȻ룬ãɱȻǰǲҴֻе֮иһ̽ҲһҪǳĽСģҪȻһǸطȻΣգջȴǼΪˣĵر˵ӦоУ֮⣬д˵еѪѪ˵ԶoµǿѪֻõһ֣лΪǿߡϷΪοϵһڣϵ𣬻𵽴ô뵽Ǹط֮ǰ㲻ΣգϷҲᾡȫ㡣
Ҷԣ˰ΣжѪߵĻֻһ롣
ҹΪӦǴﵽ˾ʵĶ壬һöٻҪ֮ս֮ð֮У߱˵ѪȴǻһתȻΪ;ʲôеİٻҲǱϷһЩֽţҲֻϷŻһȥǸط˵ģϷҲ˵ˣִⲻ´˵ϷԣҲûлŵıҪˣ
ľѾ͵ķǳʱҶҪӲҲֻ·һˡ
Ҷԣɫ΢䣬һᣬŵȥǸطȴ޷ṩǰֵ˴£


519 ұ
ٺ٣ǾͱϷˣϷΪ㣬ﵢôʱһŰٻãǵȴһҲûУһѪɣľ˵ϸҶһۣâһҲ̹Ȼ
ҶȻѾµԼֻҪ²һͻԼԷ׿ڳϣл̲סѪߵϣʺһ¡
Ǹûѡѽֻ˼һᣬֻҶƿһģ׹һƿ֮еİٻʱС
ҩռȻеҩҺֱĴ
ЩҩҺں֮ʣҶȴĲ׽һ˿ǳֱֹӱĵ֮УȻͨʶ
ãҾ֪СǸˣӦòʲô£úôһҩɡľҶ˰ٻ¶һ˿ϲɫվ˳ȥ
ҶɫƽŶľıӰȴЦѣʲôٻһרſĵҩ
öҩ֮ҶвκͷľԵ֪
ϼһΪ˿ԼȻϧڰٻУֶΣȻݣϵ
ֻ¶ľԴҲ֪Ҷʶ֮УһΪصĹ顣
ľһ˿ҶʶҶӦǱҲӦ
ԣûȰٻ֮зֻһ˿Ҷʶͱһ׹⣬ѹˡ
Ҷȴûù鳹һ˿ǳ׽֮ѹʶ֮С
Ҷڻûʵľ⣬ֻȴĻᣡ
ת֮䣬ҶϽһЩٵͷͨ飬һ˿֮ϡ
һ˿ľصġ
ԣҶЩٵͷԴԴϴݵ˶ľС
ҶЩٵͷ޲ľ˼
ʲôϼһֲ̫ˣһ·ϣǲҪʲô˼ĺãҪȻˡ
ֻǡϣ˵ʱðյʱ򣬻סҵС
ʱվڴͷ֮ϵĶľӦҶЩͷһ˿΢ЦСʶ࣬ţ󣬵ǿԸһʹ
˵ľ˫ֶʱҶ۵ļطӡһʱ䣬ҶԸٶȣǰȥ
ʱҶԼĵط
Ĵռ䣬Ҳ㲻Сʮƽס
Ҷ۾ɢʶϸ鿴һ´
ʶûгͷųͺ񱻴֮һصסˡ
Ҷɫһ֮УҲ˽ơ
ԼƿƣӴ뿪ɻᾪľ
뵽ҶЩģַڴǽ֮ϣһ׵ĹâΪģɢ鿴һ£ƣǲʲôѰ
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ҪƳƣǿûȡ֮
ǿ֮ҲҪӵʱ䡣
£ûߵĿܡ
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ٻȻѾľֽţЩߣȷʵŲ档
˿̣Ѹеȫޱȵ֮УͣķҺ壬ǰٻЧˡ
֪˴˵к棬Ҷ˿ֻý˼ʱ£ʼȫ֮зڵҺ塣
ЩҺںϣʹҶȫµƤһ̣ҲȻɢĹ
ӦԽԽӯҶϣ¶һ˿ϲ֮⡣
ٻȥһֵߣŲٺôأ
ͷҶδʹ˰֣˫ĿȻգҲ˿ѵ״̬ȡŵҺ塣
Һ壬Ľ磬һ˿˿ڣĹϴѪ⡭
Ҷȫȡ֮£ԽԽҺ壬ӵ֮Ʈɢ˳
Ҷ壬˵İâ
һҵ״̬лȥҺ壬Ҳʼϡ
֮У˫ĿյҶ֮һҺϣ˫ͻȻ
У䣬еâơ
³Ҷ͵վܵڵĳӯǾϲû뵽죬ȻĴʮ֮ʮ֮ٻ治һĵҩء
ΪٻҶ֪ڴ졣
ȻЩ뷦ζҶ˵ȴǼǳƽ顣
ڰٻҩЧҩ֮ǿԶҶľ˵ϡ
ΪʹҩҩҶҲҪʮʱ䣬ܳ״ﵽʮʵľ磬û뵽ʱҶʹﵽʮʵľ硭
൱ʮ֮Ϊ˲öľɣҶҲǹ¶һ˿۵Դһ˿۱ԴŰ벽۵ĳ̶ȶԴˣľҲǶҶֳ츳еһ󾪲
˵Լ͸ĵҩйأٶȣҲʵ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ֪ǶľΪһŰٻҲҪĵʱ䣬һЩ츳Ƚͨٻʱ䣬á
Ҷ֮ڣٻҴﵽ벽ֱ֣֮ȷʵЩˡ
ҶͻȻƹʮʵһ˲䣬յţͻȻ˿ţȴǶľֱƮ˽СӣɣѾˡ
Ҷԣʱޱ˳ȥ
ʱľѾҶ۸˺֮ϣվڴͷĶľ۾ҶһۣźȻһЦС츳û뵽ƾһŰٻ벽֮ãϷ۹⣬Ҳǲ
ľǰҶ۾ϲɫ
ҶʵԽǿԽô
Ҷ龰ȴЦѣлᣬɲ⣬ݺϼһһѡ
ɾʱҶͻȻüͷһ壬Ȼ̧ͷŲԶĺȥ
ֻոջƽ˾ĺ棬ͻȻ졣
һϿգͻȻһĻǳľ
õİɫǻն
һᣬõİɫ仯ɫʯ
ɫʯ໥֮䣬һǳֵâ
һʱ䣬ŨԪֱӴǸʯ֮Уɢ
·ĺ棬Ԫĳ£һ˿ԡ
ʯʩתâм䣬¶һ޴ĺɫС
ʯ֮ϣ̻һһӵķš
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ʯ֮䣬ߣֱӵâмһɫ֮С
ʯĹ˿Ǹɫ֮к󣬾Ȼǻһȿռ֮š
⵶ұţұˣΪλţǰľһĻüͷ΢壬Щɻ
ұҶ˵һǳϤ
Ҳ뵶ұйء
ڵұˣΪλҲЩɻϸʯм俴ȥʱâڵĹâǽ˿
ͬʱʮӰǳâ½֮С
Щ˵ķΣǳͳһǰһ쳣ĿĴ󵶡
鶼ǰȻޱȣŸһȵ
Щ˵Ϊ治Ǹǵģ͵һʵʵ
ǿļˣǴﵽ۵ľ硣
Ǽۣÿһұĵӣ󣬶һ󵶡
ҶЩұ֮˵ʱһұʣȴҲǽĿɨ˹
ˣ˭Ҷһˣޣǻĵұ֮һ
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޵Ŀ⣬ڶľɨһ£󣬲ͣҶϡ
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ƣһѽҶץе˼
ҶȴһЦûпһۡ
ڵ޵Ĺֱѡӵء
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ۼԼȫһȻһͷȥҲһϸľ
ɵӦľɢϢ֮ȴΪ֮һղŶԷۣԼĹʵۣҲɡ
²⵽ľľ֮ûټֻ֣Ŷľǰҵұǵұǲһǵ顣
⻰ľȻҶһۣüͷ壬ĵСӻǸ˵˭ãôƫƫҪǵұˡ
ǿҶϵùЩ¡
ҪȥһӵˣѾˡ
ǴؾϾҪˡ
ããģȥʲôطѰһӵˡ
ңѾҶϣ˲ٵıǮ˵ʲôҲ׷Ҷġ
˵ϵұΪһûб߼ʵĴ֮У㵶ұǿƣô졣


520 
ʱвԼĻľкâһ䲻ȵõұŻϷ򣬳Ϸûжɱҹ
ұһԱ֮УΪߵǸۣŭһ֮ϣͻȻһѪɫĴ󵶣Ȼһǳľ˹
ԷȻҶԼ֣ľкâһɫҶϷ֣ѽ˵֮ҲʲôֻһӣһѪ
һľֵĹǿߣҽжûüгˣһѪ֮У룬Ϊһʬ塣
һĻһе˿ŶľһǰһΪȻĪ⣬ҵұΪУʲô³ǰļʶضҵұĵ̣ǳҿԸǰ˵һ𣬾ʥóȻǵұҲɣ
ϷΪִϣηǵұϷ첻ɱ䡣ľɱ˽ұ֮ˣնɱͷ
Ŀ䵽޵ʱȴǸӦ˵֮Удһƣȴ֪һֱӡǣǵұܣΪұϵӵܣṩһֱֶΡ
ӡǵĵұϵӵܣһնɱڵıӡǣͻḽֵϡ
һܵʲôطұˣԸӡǣҵ
ҪӡǣΪԶڲӡǵˣҪȻûаܡ
ľǳ֪Լնɱ˵ޣڵӡǣȴЩɵŰеɱ
Ҷʱɱɱޣȴû̫̫⡣
֮ǰһȴüͷ
ʥ˵ұҲɣ
ǵұĵ̣жôۺ
ʣǱұĸҵ̡
ľĻһ£ҶҶСұǿԶԶ󣬸ϴٴұı⣬͵ɣ
˵˶ľһۣһӣ֮ˣ뿪
Ҷŵ뿪ıӰȴһĬ
ǵǧɱ֣Ҳ𷴿
Ȼ뵶ұڣҲûʲôˡ
ϣǿʳǿΪ
ֻҪԼԺʵǿˣֺξһССĵұ
Ҷ˿жڵұһη壬
ĵұܵжԵģԺ£ҪСˡ
ҪԺײұֵУǿ군󼪡
һ̣Ҷǰʥ쳯ľģǰδеļᶨ
ʥ쳯ߵá
Դ뻷ԶԶطܱġ
ֻȥʥ쳯Լҵͻ۵ķٶǿ
ΪԼҲãΪԼߵҲãҪǿ
ϣԶֻܳΪ˵̤ʯ
ľͷҶ鵭ȻСӣϷ򲻹뵶ұʲôԹǵһΰ㣬Ҳһΰ㣬ϣΪ֮߰ɣ
԰գľҲٶ˵߶ҶֱۣһСʻȥ
ȵӽСʱҶͻȻһ̧ͷԶ
ȴǲһǿϢǱ߼ٱ
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ˣֳȣͬƮһ㣬䵽˶ľҶϣŶľȻһЦͷһʱ䲻ΪǾ˲ѽ
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ҴϿ˶ԶľҲƽཻӦͬһ
ֻʿĹӦפ֮Ч䱣Զȶľòɡ
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ľͻȻһץֱӽҶȴʿкâһģٸҶϷߵ˳֣ݹϷ򲻿
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ľȻ˻Ҷʿ΢΢һҡҡȣŶľüͷͷСӾǸ׸㲻ȥǸطɡ
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׸ľһСǸҩʦͨǸطô
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˵Ľ̸Ҷȫûһ·Ĭûжԡ
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ٶһ龧ʯ˫۾âǼŶľеöǺˣҲǴӡ
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˽ûãͼ֮еŻȻһ٣ʹɢ֮䡣
ңһ̣Ҳٴλָƽ


521 Ⱥħ
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걻֣˭ֻҪƬ򣬾ͻʧС
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а飿ٶһƬһâһ¶һЦݵôֵĶǵһ˵µҪȥʶһЩаֶΣ
˵һΣͻȻʧ
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˾ͽҲǵͷ£粻˳٣
غڤŶľ϶ˣ˵а취ͨ˵ɣʲô취οɲٿֶˣ


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ľ˳غڤһۣҲû˵ʲôֻ˫ӡ
ÿӰ֮һӡǴռ䣬ͻᴫһ֮
ͬʱľΣϳӡĵطѵԪ顣
ӵƶ֮Ԫ飬ԽԽࡣ
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523 
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ڸɽ֮ϵҶˣ̧ͷȥǰģȴһƬ޼ʵĲԭ
һ֮ϣȻһƬޱߵĲԭĻʲô˵һ½ҲΪ
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ʵ벻һ֮ϣȻľɫ
ľͷҶһ𺳵ģɺЦСһɵ۰ɣʵ㣬ϷһʱҲľɫݺһѡĿռ䣬Ŀռ䣬ŲͬһƬռ䣬ϹʱڣЩܣþ춯صֶΣٳһռ䡣
ľ˵Ҳɷһп¶һ˿ϹŴܵľη֮ɫ
ΪٵĿռ䣿ľĻҶһȻŵϣ˿ԶԿһռ䣿
ľҶһۣȴƽϷ֪ڻûˣӵͨϹʱڣı£ȴûʲôϡģ˵ϹŴ֮ܵͨ󣬿ժȡ£ԶģˣЩ飬ǿȥ׷ݵģֻҪ˺¾ˣ
Ҷ⻰Ҳûٶ˵
˵ЩϹŴܵ飬ڵʲôϵ
ľ˵ûȰǰȥ˵
һƬԭȻޱ޼ʣУܵһЩʱ䣬ڴ˴Ѱ٣ҵʲôͿԵ컯ˡľţȻ˵֮ƬԭͻĪʧǶץʱ䡣
⻰ҶҲǴ󶯣Щʲôȴüͷһ壬˹ȥ
ʱֻƿ֮Ӱ䵽ǵǰ
ǳغڤٶˡ
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⼸֮󣬿ûпҶͶľһۣһۼĳ˲ԭ֮С
ȻҲ֪һƬԭ֮У顣
Щûԭ֮еӰľȴһмǶһ޶ģ˭ңҵģûлԵ˭Ҳܷǣ
˵⻰ҶкηӦʹһΣһɽ֮С
Ҷľɽµһ˲䣬˾ͽҲȺ
ԶԱ˴Щ䱸Ƿֱվɽߣûн뽻̸Ȼǵ˶Էİ㡣
ɨһۣľһֱҶߣЩΡ
һֱҶĴɱľȴһֱҶߣʵڲô֡
еͷȴһûб¶ûٿҶһֻۣ˾ͽҪȥƬԭ֮УѰһӰٶĳԹ𽫱ȥ
˵⻰Ҳ˾ͽɫһΪһ磬˲ԭ֮С
һ˾ͽȻ˱뿪ıӰһۣҲû˵ʲôߵļ꣬ͬʱڿնҲû˲ԭ֮С
Щһ֮ȻǿƬԭ֮УܣҪһƬԭ֮УѰһ׵飡˵ľҶµĻʹɽ֮ϣҪ뿪ҾͲҪһȥѰˣΪҵЩϼһҲߣУ㻹úϢһ¡
Ҷԣȴ΢΢һʲô
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Ҷԣ̧ͷȥƬԭ֮ϵֲ꣬쳣ïʢұ˴ҡҷ֮䣬Ųľɢ
ҪƬԭûǾԲʹƬԭϵֲïʢģֻǣϴϷѰ켸ҹȴʼûҵ
˵ľǸ̾Ϊ֮ͨȻټõĻһӣҵãϼʮ꣬ҲδҵСӣϷ򲻸ģҪ´ѰһûҪ£ǧҪ뿪һɽ£ȥԭ֮ѰϷⱱǸϼһº֡
ҶͷģҲɽġ
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ҶһܵĻֻϹͺͺģݲһľһɽ⣬һС
ɽ壬Ҳλڲԭ֮أľŨܾɫã󶼳ֲ
ΨҶվһΣ£ȴ⣬޲ľ޳񣬿˵ǻĺܡ
ȻҲȥѰһȴ֪ûжľߣԼһȥһ󣬾ʬҰ³
еЩεҶֱ߽ɽ֮С
ɽʯڴѰ˿Բʯϣʯһ˴
ɾ֮ʣȴꡱһ죬ʯڣѷ졣
һĻҶһղſʯϣûöҲ޿ֻǿһʹʯڳѷɡ
һתʯãʱеʯʵֻһ㣬üǿմʯ֮󣬾һն
Ҷһĳֻһ죬ƴʯڣѼʯڱһĳһס
վҶ⣬֮ȥͻȻʯڵɽ֮Уһ޵Ͻϼ⡣
ҶһڴȥȴУһøԼһףĴָ
һ񣬻£ɢϽâҲŨ˼¡
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ѹЩûҵԭԭϵȻҶֱҿʯڣɽ֮УߵһԱߡ
ֻǰ񣬳÷ǳ죬£ɢâҶҲ˽İͨ͸
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֮ϣ䣬ȻһӣҲû£еķȻѷ죡
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Ҷдϲķһֱǰץס񣬴֮֮аγ֪ó񣬶˿
ҿݻ񣬹ȻֻҪԼƣһҶ־ϲ¶ʣȥ񣬶ǿʼٵء
ҪˮĥĹ񣬽񣬶Ū֡
һ˰죬ɽ棬ڳһԲ׵Ĵӣڽиϵ˳
ֻ֣֮ǰڵĵطͻȻһΪŶɢ
ҶһĻ΢΢һɫһ䣬вã
һЩϹ֪Լڵ顣
뵽ҶаԼ̫ˣæռָһգͳŶⱼȥ
ȻѾҵҪȥǾԲܵġ
£ֻһ;ˡ
ô£СڵĵطôͻȻɢŨȻɽɢͱڲԭѰЩϼһӦˡ
ԣⲻǵͨЩޱȣǰҲĳ˾ͽһͻȻڵ
ҵˣ֮ǰСڵĵطǴݲǲΧˣԲŻĿһȻСпҵ
һԵĳغڤЦˣСûҵǰȥѯһ£ͲˣСǵƲɣ
˻һԱ߼ˣǵ˵ͷɽڱȥ
ҶȽǣйʱЩϹȻûҲûмʱ
ȫҶٷҶǵħѽ
ɽǳֻۣҪЩϹҵǸɽͿԿ֮ڡ
ԣЩϹ֮ʣҶɿ뿪ɽɽ֮ߡ
ĵΣҶǳڶľһŵͼϣϸ鿴һһЩȽĵΣԺ֮УԱʱ֮ġ
飬Ҳͼˡ
ֻҪҶɽͻһؽ硣
һؽĵΣǳӣޱȣžЩϹҲҴ
˼֮ҶǷɿɽ֮ϡ
ҶɽʱһȺϹҲɿĽɽ֮С
ɽһ̽ЩϹǿԿ϶ǱҶˡ
ҲҶֽſ죬ڵ
ҪȻһȺϹڶڣɡ


524 ź
Сɽˣ׷Ǵɽ±ûзҶӰǾֻһܣҶǳɽϱȥˡ
ʵĸɽͨ˵Ȼޱȵ顣
ʱڵǿߣȴ׵ĺܡ
ֻǼԾǾɽ֮ϡ
Щϼһٶȣǿѽɽ֮Ͽ񱼵ҶлͷһۣѾɽһϹʱɰһ᫵ɽϣٴο
Ҳ֪ȥò˶ãԼ϶Է׷ϡ
Ҷʶɢú˫ľԽԽѾһǧˡ
ԶԷٶȣҪȻͻᱻԷס
£Ƕסֻ·һ
Ҷɿͳһŵͼ鿴һԼķλͽͼպãת˸λ񱼶ȥ
ȥһؽ磬һܵˡ
ǵûǰ治Զһȡ
һ򣬾ĿǰΨһĵط
䣬һڸǵɽȡ
ɽȵԣɭɭ׹ǣ֪жðߣɽ֮С
ɴˣҲɼʶһɽȵ֮
ҶȴûκԥֱӾͳɽ֮У˽ȥ
ģ˾ȣһֱҶı󣬿Ҷûаɣֱӳ˾ʱɫ䡣
ҶҶϵȴǱص֮
ڣҶ˾ȣԱغڤǿҲֹھ⡣
ٽţǼӰƿն
һ⣬û˸̤һ
ʱҶȴǺǾɳܿȥԼĻȷʵе졣
ɽ֮УһŨİɫ
Щǳ֣ӰߣȴƫƫӰ쵽ʶ
Ҳ˵Ҷ۾ɽ֮Уʶȴûаô
ĿӷΧҲ޵ģֻǿΧʮڵĶԶЩģˡ
аҶٴγһʶȴüͷһ壬ʶòˡ
ʶǹǿߣյһͨûκԵʣͻʧȥЧá
ɽȣʲôˡ
ʶȻǹǿߣյͨҲ޷ơ
ϣвٵķǿߵʶ
Щһ⣬һЩϡ
һ£Ǹġ
Ҷһֱû
ҶûðȻжһһֻԪ֮ͨӦķ֮ȥ̽ɽȵ
ɽȣȻˣԷʶȴֹӦ
Ԫ֮ҶԴԪۣԪ֮ܿĶҶҲͨӦ
һΣè׷ɱʱèҲַ׷ٵ
Ԫ֮֮ҶŹȷȥȴΣҲܷɳֵķΧ
ȻҶ֪ô£ǴҲµӦúɽȱйء
ҶԪ֮񣬽ĳɽȥ
ԼʮӣҶȴɫһ䣬һĨȻ֮ɫ
Ԫ֮Ѿɢˡ
ңǱһֲ֪׻ġ
Ԫ֮ʵȻǿҲҶԪ۵ģһĹǿߣҲһ
Ԫ֮񣬾ʲôֲĶȻϢûͻͱˡ
Ԫ֮ɢ̫ˣҶҲ޷ȷʲô
Ԫ֮񣬱Ͼֻһõ壬ʱ͡
ôһξ룬ҶҲԪ֮ɢʱ򣬿Ԫ֮Ķ
ͨԪ֮ҶףƬŨֵɽ棬ȷʵΣ
ͨԭ·ҪȥȻҲвͨ
ʱЩϹֻ»ڹȿڣû뿪һԼȥ;
ҶٴһֻԪ֮񣬳շȥ֪УǲҲͬˡ
Ԫ֮ԽԽߣʮףʮףʮףʮףһ׸߶ȵʱһ㵭İɫ֣סԪ֮ȥ·
ҶԪ֮񣬶֮еĹ֣г
ǣǿϧûȵԪ֮ĳ֣ͱ֮һâ÷鿪
ɽȣƺָˡ
˿̵ҶףԼԭ·أֻҲǲܵˡ
ɽȣ֮ȣֻ¾һֻܽܳء
Ҷüͷʱ
֮УͻȻһصĽŲ
һŲǳȣͺһֻӣҶһ㡣
ҶһЩŲǳͳһŰˣһֻӰɣ
Ԫ֮񣬱ĵط
ҶͲ֪һֻľӡ
ЩŲٳ߽ӽ̵תһ򣬾Ϳʼ·
ЩŲȴҶһ
Ҷܵͻ
ҶôܣǶĸҶ󣬶ٶȣԽԽ졣
ߵľ룬ҲԽԽ
ûãֻҶİһͻȻɢ˿
ŲˣҲҶ֮С
Ҷֻǻͷһۣͱ׷Щһ
ȻһֻӣЩˣźصĿס
ģǳߴÿһֳС
һʮҡ
ɵȵҶĿЩ˵ò֮ͷƤһ顣
ЩˣÿһжɢâϵĿףƾɲ֪ڶ¡
ﻹʲôӰһֻʬӡ
ֻҶľģֻʬӣǰʱ򣬲ǳͳһǽľһ㡣
һĻҶףֻʬӣǰһֻӣҪȻԲڳΪʬ֮󣬻žϰԡ
ֻʬϵ̶ֻʬӣҲд꣬ǧˡ
ʬҲһΪɻԽãʵԽǿ
һôĽʬӣÿһͷǳֲ
ڽʬҶ¡
ɱ¾ռʱͺһЩ׻ɥʬ֪ôԸаûʲôúµġ
ΨһĵǣЩʬ£ʵ̫һ㡣
ͬʱôĽʬҶٿţҲ֪Լȡʤ
һֻΪ׵ĽʬƺѾһЩǣҶ
ֻһͷΪ׵Ľʬһŭ˫Ȼһŵ棬һ죬ֻʬڵһ㣬ԼٶȣҶ
һҶϵĿ졣
ȵӦʱһֻʬѾǰûʱ
Ҷһû뵽һֻʬȻ˿ֲҲﵽĳ̶ȣߡ
ٵһ˲䣬ҶֱӽеҶһס
Ҷۣ˲󣬵ǰ
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Ҷɳȥ֮󣬺ԥæɽ汼ȥ
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ȻҶߵһ˲䣬һ죬ֻΪ׵ĽʬһԾ𣬳Ҷ֮ǰվĵطɱ˹
ȥӳýҶɫѿǰͻȻһɽʱŲ·һͷ˽ȥ
ɽ֮Уһߡ
ǹǣɽʯϣȻһá
ֹط˽ʬһɽȻһá
һĪĺ⣬̾Ҷ
Ҷû˵ν·
ɾתʱһŭĺУͻȻӶڴ˹
˵Ҳ֪Щʬ׷ˡ
ǰнʬã٣·ˡ
ͷƤٴתʯڽȥ
һȴǿ˵֮
һõϣȻ˻ҳѾɽ棬ͷһ
ģ
ǻģ
Ҷŵӣ˿һ˹֣ԼǱԼסˡ
õԱ֮Ҷá
ҪãʲôӦ
ƨӦûС
һĻҶڿԿ϶
ã飬Ǹˡ
ϵĻҳȥֻһǻ˳
ȫµĹǳԵѡ
ȻǰһΪҵĴ򶷡
·Ѿѳãֻ㣬ͿԿõˣӦȥܳˡ
ˣҲǱĽʬ
ʱЩֻʬ׷˶ڡ
ɾЩʬҪʱֻڴͻȻ˸һ㵭Ѫ⡣
ѪһײѪ֮ϵĽʬ϶ð˰̡
ѪյĽʬǷŭ
ȻһѪڽʬϣҲһ㽩ʬܹܵġ
ǳڶԶѪļɵЩƴ׷ɱҶĽʬʱ䣬ȻҲɽˡ
ЩʬҲûоʹȥΧɽԱߣϳҶ
һнʬͼɽͻᱻڵѪ⵲סЩʬѪơ


525 Ǻ
һĻҶдϲ
һ£øˡ
ɽȻЩʬҽ
ɽ֮ܣʣؼ֮Ӧþһˡ
õϴţѳ׸ãѥӣôõʱ䣬ȴȻɫޣɴ˿ɼ˫ѥӣӦò֮ͨ
ҶҲûԼҲԽ֮óǡ
ѥռָ֮Ҷֱֿߣһʯ壬Ĺ׭ּ֣ѾЩģϡϡ
֮⣬õ󣬻һմ
ʱմȻǱˣĶҲˡ
մһ䣬ȴЩӫ⣬ɢ
Ҷմÿȴ棬һЩɫľˡ
Ҷһ龧ˣһۣʱһȻǺˡ
⾧˵Ʒʣǳ֮ߣǶľ֮ǰóǺˣڲҲҶǺ˵ǧ֮һ
ǺˣҶû˵
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Ҷһ£һٶ顣
һĻҶɵˣϣôôǺˣһƷ˸ߵȵǺˡ
Ҫ֪һʵǺˣ棬ҲһȺΪ֮ƴɱ
ãʲôˣʲô
ܹصأϻʱôǺˣõݣͬѽ
ҶĿ⣬ٴοԱߵʯ֮ϡ
ʯ֮Ͽµ֣ԸҶ﷢ʲô顣
׭֣һϹ֣ϣһˣҲǸ
ŹҶ˵ûʲô֣ѵ
Ҷʯ壬ϸ濴ȥ
ʯ忪ͷдģȴǡ֡

֣źϤ
Ī֮һǸ
ˣľ˵һĹԴ֮󣬾һֱûٳȥ
ѲµãǺʧһ
ҶȻ֮ɫǿе𾪣ϸȥ
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Щʬݱ򣬲֪˶顣
ΪʱһֵҶӣʮ֣ħ򣬷ɱЩʬ
˭Ҳû뵽Щʬ֮УȻһʬǿᵽ˼㡣
Ҷʮ֣ʬֻ֮սӣһ·Щʬħ
ħϣҶʮ֣ϹŴµһռ䣬ƽʬ˽ͼЩʬڴ˵ء
Ҷ֮飬ֻΪ˾ˣܽĽʬٴηųȥ
ȻǺһ
ֻǣ˵Щ룬֪Ĺ֮Իʧ٣Ϊ˽ֻ̽Ϊɱʬ
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ԣҶӵʱһ֣ʵٵͣôҲӦͻ֮ﵽʥ֮ɡ
ҶӶ޷κεĽʬҶǵ»
ңղҶЩʬģҲ֮
ּĽʬܿסһֵܣ
ѵԼЩʬģ
ǲ԰ЩʬϵķٶѾ꣬ǧˡ
һֻΪ׵Ľʬڵݣ¸ӾԶ
ЩʬôСˣ
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ʯϵݣҶֻһС룬һû
Ϊ˽⿪еɻҶʯ壬ٴοȥ
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ԭʥ쳯ʬŵһϣͻ֮ʱ߻ħݱɵһ߲ʬ
ʬŵĳϣǴʯŵһЩĵӣǰĥģ֪Լħɲʬ֮󣬾ͽߵеӣȫʬ
ʬŵĳϣǰǰ벽
Ļ֮أ˵ѷ֣ʬ֮һͨ˻ȫ£Ӳޱȣˣ֮ǰˡ
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ʬŵĳϣʬ֮󣬾ʹƵʬݱɾѪͼøǿͲ֮
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ʱҶӣһʥ
ҶʱΨһİ벽񣬴ʮλʥΪȻɱʬŵĳϡ
˭뵽һλʬŵĳϣڱʬѪ֮ٴλ˽ͻ˰벽֮
һս֮ʮλʥɱֻҶӣƾ벽ΪӲͦ˹
Ҷ֪ԼΣҲЩʬĶ֣ѪΪնЩʬħǰţ󣬽һɽʬ
Ҷ֪ѪǽʬԴȪǿĽʬѪǳʱòѪĲ䣬ͻ
Ҳһ㣬ҶӲƴһУЩʬ
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ҲΪʲôҶЩʬʱΪʲôԭ
ЩʬҲҶԶԸġ
ӵʲôĿֲܣҶô˽⡣
ȴ֪ҺҶӽǸʬŵĳһʬʹЩʬʵѾµ£ʮȥſգѲ㵱ǧ֮һ
Ļ˵ȫʢʱڵʬʬߵһʬһƣͿڵҶ
ҶͷƤһ飬ǧ꣬ڵòѪĲ䣬һʵѾǧ֮һôЩʬǿɼһߡ
Ҷ֪Щ飬Ҳûʲôá
򲻹ЩʬҲ
֪ڵѪ⣬Ҫά֣ʹƵġ
ȵľһ㲻Щʬɱ
һҪЩ͵ĽʬӲƴ˭˵Ըʬаʱ򣬾һӲ
ʬȻųƲ֮Ҳֻ˵ųǿĻָѡ
ΣʬҲ飬Ȼ飬ǵ֮ĵط
ҶУһɱ«רġ
ֻҪɱ«˽ʬ֮𣬻ǲ
ҿô򵥵⣬֮ǰôû뵽뵽һ뽩ʬսļƻҶԺ֮Уճ͡
ɱ«óǣǶԸ飬ҲҪ꣬޸
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ֻǰЩ
ŨҲ֣Ӵ쿪ʼһֱûɢֵҲûţ˵Ĺ죬ĿҲֻܿİԶľ롣
Ųٴǰжȥ
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Ҷ־ŭҪԼʱʶŵϰߣֻ´˿Ҳ泾͵һ̧ͷҪǳʱͻȻ䣬ߴ޴죬̧ͷһסˡ
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ܼͬһ֧֧һ޵𻢰ʵʵˮˣƺܵشףƴŭ춯ء
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Ļ𻢿Ժݺݵ˵ѩӥ϶㲻Ҫ̫Ҳֻ˵õ˿Խ񾳽طǰֽ̰ˣƣѵҪ뿪һȥ
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εĽѵðգУʵʵҸȫĵطţͬʱҲץʱ䰴ա˾ϼصطʵҲӡ
ʱһعȥһ·Ϸƽ˾˵ʮ죬Ҷٶ̫δɽǰϢŵһͰꡣ
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ǰ治ԶȻĴһݵĴӣЩӣСһеķԲֻʮɣеȴа֮㣬Щܹͺͺģݲһ;Ȼγ֮
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ҶǺ˼ˮޡ³ˮδԼϣǰһڣһȻϮ
ҶܵĻк«֮ȥӰ䣬Ҷֻһк«ϮһƺߣɽȥײһʯʯŽѩ
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ҶüϧҲ̫ûɫڵΪƽˮЩͨҲˣȴСүͻϮ֣
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Ҷ΢΢һæӷɻأ˳ŷһһʯ֮ϣһʱջأǰɫĶУֱֻһʹһ飬ֱϵƤͻȻ෺ϣƴǹһ˪
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Ŀ˼һҶȻƮ𣬴һȥʱ磬ಡһٴѨ֮С
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ҶŷϵѰҿǣжȥʱлʹ죬ùһͨͨҶҵǰ½ʹָоһʱ䣬ȻԽԽȴˮУȥƸ
Ѩۣó棬ҶĬĬ㣬ԼΪתתаǰȻտͷԽԽͨԽƣڷȳһԽ
񶯱ڣܷ˹죬ʮںͬʱڶ죬סʶЩѪڣԶ
ʱĶѨ֮УЩ֮£䣬ΪǧٱмӿñȳŻҶֻ壬һЩ֮мͬͬһʱҲǷ׷ƽ⡣
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һʱ֮䣬ҶҲûֻԼķ㹻ǿûܵð˺
ͨԽԽխŷϵתŲҲԽˣʱѴ󵽲˼飬쫷ҲҼӴ׶
ʱ˵أκλãΨƽΪʱҶҲ˵ʱⶴѨĿģֻһĿ꣬ͨѨ
ΪʲôҪͨȴûʱһʱһͻ÷ǳǿʤʱҶҲǲˡ
ҶÿǰһҪʹȫĴ󲿷־֮ϵľ֮дӼ裬֫ƽĿڣҶɵ÷Ŭ־ףصѨУǿŭХͥ
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ྡͷԽͷҲԽ󣬹˳ϲҰҶһ񣬳һ۴һɼľ޴֣֮УһſžӨ͸֮飬ն֡
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ʵСҲѹҶռ֮ˡ
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һûаܹ׽ΪԵǿץҲ֮
ŷǳĹ˼ɣǽС׽ˣƥﵽʥڵֻ֮궼׷ȥʱһԼСԼǱˡ


530 й
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ʱҲҶ룬΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢһͻȻȫȼܻ⣬Ҷֲ޵ĳ嶯վһԱߵСҲǺ顣
δ֪ζʲôҲӿ˱ʹɣϾĸġ
ϨҶǰǻңȴʲôҲûУֻһЩӣСβָߺѪΣ߰ѩӨ͸ɫԻ͡


531 ʥ쳯
ҶǰһѰ˼òǹǱɣǱֻдﵽ񾳽γɰϸϸһʮһţȴǰ˵еĹǱ֪˶٣ӦòʲôǱ
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Се󣬳һƬ֮ǰҶ֪ʥ쳯ǲԶˣеϢ˰ޣ
ߵ䣬Ƽãã֮ϣͻȻ˴ƬӰ
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С϶Ҷ⻰£ɵϸҶƳ˼ۣģʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵ԭСǴȥμʥԺ˰ðĺܣǵģйֱ֮ʥ춼ֻÿܶҪѲǮƣСԿǵȼһȥͱȽϻˡ
ŶѵֻҪǮͿȥ𣿡⻰Ҷ¶ĸȤ顣
С翪Цˣ⵱ȻǲеġС϶ͷҡĸ˹һ֮ǾסĶһЩȨƽǲȥģһ㣬۳ɹҲȥС϶ּûֲ˵ˣԶҲȥġ
֮ǻЩʲôɵĵطһᣬҶʵ


532 ֮
֮ǵˣһ㶼ڳĴ߶ԣҲûʲô֮Ŷˣ˵ʥʥԺЩطûƾ裬κ˶׼ġС϶ڨڨ˵
ʥʥԺҶ󣬾ͶȻ˵ãָ·ɣڲȥҸס˵
ð죬ǰ治Զ֮Ǿ¥֮ܲʱС翴¥УЩ¥֮רŴ͹ɻĻƣСʲôʱ뵽֮ȥǡ䣬ǰ洫һһʱɫ䣬߹һʯš
ֻǰɽˮݺ£ˮУл
ҶƵϣЦ̧ͷȥֻһЩ¥ŨױĨŮɣ·ź䣬׷׻к
Ҷôû뵽϶Ȼַ³ˣһʱЩʲô
С϶΢΢һͻȻϸҶһᣬͻȻһЦС磬Īǻδ֮磬Ʒ֬ᣡ
ҶüЩʲô
С϶Ҳ죬Цʥ쳯ľ¥ɲ¥¥ŷ£¥еķ糾ŮӣɶǴġ
Ҷʲô
С϶Цʥ쳯ķŮӣһЩĹӡ͵ЩбģȻлţ֮˵ףᣬס
Ҷɻ˵ôҵʶһ¡
С϶һۣ룺Լһ·ϰٰСӣֺСӣֽ֮ʵϲĵطǮӦòٰɡ
С϶ָ£ҶһΪɵ¥ǰͣ
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ҶĴ˼ۣ׸СʮöԪ飬˽ȥ
һ¥
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ЩŮеظеĳü˳Ŷధʲô죡
Щ飬ģαװ֮Ըֿ˲ͬϲãЩŮֲͬı飬ѷ١
ҶӽĬĿǰһУԹһ
ʱͻȻһЦӭȻҶ;棬ȫŷ糾֮Ҳʹȥһ֮⡣
ʣһ֪࣬ҶЩпٶ𣬵Է£ֻµá¡ݣѶЦʵҪʲôĹƣ
ҶһʵĶʮһլУȻƽʱҲ컬ʱ򣬵ƽһνĳЩ飬£Ҳţɡ
һҶĻش𣬸ӿ϶е뷨΢һ㵣ڿڷųһЦ
ҶһЦ֪ΪΣдơ
ԹЦһ󣬼Ҷͷһæ߯ҲȤˣãǾΪ㰲źˡ
ڷӭҶҲˡ
ŹȴҶƵ˾ŷ֣Цˮ
»־˼۵İŮӳΧҶݺ˵Ц
ҶʱԶЩŮӣҲ˹ʣ绨ŽأͽһƣȴŨױĨЦ̸޲͸٣˺ߣһʱȤȥ
ȵһϣ㲻飬ɿЩ¥лƣΪԼ׼һ䷿С˷䡣
ڶһ磬Ҷ˱Ҫ¥ƽ˹֮ĵط¹㳡
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ʥԺ湻̬ģ䲻ܳʮһдﵽλ磬ﵽ𲽵ı׼һĿˣҶĴţСҲҶļϣһ˫۾ֱת
Ҷô߾һСЩ
Ȼһڹ㳡Ͽ۷׷׵ȫ죬ȻҲûһ˿ˣ¹㳡һЩ˵İ£ٵ꣬׷װʮһţǳɵضվһ
ʱλԵúͻأӹ㳡һ
ӦþǸˡҶλжһ֮ϾЩ֮УһɷǳֵĸоЩ֮ý顣
λԣŮԡ
ǰμʥԺο˵ʻԣʾĶʮһĸ̷ŮƳҶʮﵽʾһۣԱߵλͬЦΣӦ֮˰ɡ
ٺ٣ǿû˸һֵ˴Ц˵
չһЦ㳡ϵˣʮΧһȦǰÿϽһԪ飡
һԪ飡ּڣ˶˲ɴ㵣ֻмٲ֪أ׷ȡ̿ݸ߹ЩԱ
㣬˵׵ΪʲôҪϽһԪ飿һЩһͷˮ̲סʵ
ҶҲǴӹ֮֮ǣȻҪһǮƣȴôҲû뵽ҪһԪ飬ɲһСĿڲԵ£ˡ
ʱһЦ棬֮俴˻ǵһʥ쳯鶼˽⣬ǺãҾ˵һ㣡
߻ķʥ쳯˼ʥأֻǶЩǿ߶Եģߣʥ쳯ȴǳ޾Ĳпɱ¾һСģɱ¾ʱϣ
˵˫죬ʲôĵ¡
ҶһЩĵװû뵽ʥ쳯Ȼһڡ
Ŀɨڳеˣֿ϶صûʥ֮ǰﵽڵľ磬ǿΪһ˲õţڵһŲʥ쳯һоͽı䣬Ҹ˵ʥ쳯äĿش֮ǣԻʮգ
ʮգ
Ҷüͷһ壬ж΢΢һ
ͷںŪǣһЩĸ꣬һۣ׷ײؽе
ҲǣԼƬĹȣԼһȵķ绪ޱȣŵͷû˸ǣʥ쳯Ȼȴһ龰κҲеȻ
ôҲȻǸո֮ǰҲ̽һЩʥ쳯飬Ҳҿһƣʮʥ򣬼ʹǮҲǡ
˵ҶЩʲô
ʱֻ߼ʥ쳯Ϊ½쳯֮һȻǿƣʥԺǰ˵ضǡʥ򣬸ѲŰͻһٲˣ˳ͻͻɱ¾ɱ¾ͻˣҪķʥԺӦ߽֮ǣӦʥԺΪԴƳһֱʩʥԺ̫࣬޳ıӻǣһԪ飬ȫǵգһ㣬Ҳǿȣǿɽɲ
ԭҶЩˡ
һԪ龹Ȼ;ʥԺǻթǮ
ͬʱҲû뵽ʥ쳯ȻôΣգѵʥ쳯ߣͲô
ʥ쳯ҲĬɱⱳʲô飡
ôԼʥ쳯»Сһ㣬һԪ飬ȻĿСҶҲò
Ǯˣ׼ɣŮֱڿն𣬷ɵ¹㳡ϿգϹ䣬ֻһϹ𣬲󣬲һЩϹγһԲʮ׵ɫ
ҫ£ɢҫ۵Ĺâֱ֮ǡ
ɫ·Ȼͻأسһһ׿׸ߵĹⶴ
ˣҪΪʥԺӦߵģһԪ飬ΪӦߣһԪɡЩڣ˵
ʱϰٸӼ˳ֱӽЩ֮УҲҶڡ
һ֮ڣһҲ˽ϽһԪվ
֮УҲʮˣһ⻰Ҷٸ߹
һ֣гƴСĺɫͷÿһ飬պˣ֮ΣͽӦȡǵֵһһ顣
һλ꾪ؿ龧ʯһۣ΢΢е㲻ô˵ǻѵܾԱ֤ô
׳գ䶢һۣڵҪ֮ɱĳЩȨֶƾһԪ飬ΪԱסôһ꣬˳ȥ
Ź֮һպϣҶ˱ǶȻԶ
ʱҶϸĿ龧ʯ壬߳һףǺͨĿʯֻȴиоһʮֵϢ
⾧ʯʲô;
ڶԸղĶԻҶҲеϵ˵ʱҲû¶ʲôı顣
е⾧ʯֻǱ֤㲻Ǳˣѵãƣ¾һֽˡ

Ҷϸе龧ʯʱͻȻִ󶴣һǿֱӽҶʮ˸׷ȥ
΢΢һʱҶæѸٿƺΣȻ㳯·ϸȥ


533 ʥ
֮ǵȺɽӿзȥȫһƬƬ۾ɽͣÿһɽ嶼Ƕ϶£񹤣ǧ
Щɽϲ˾סȥɽоȺԭĮɭ֡
ЩɽǾϸ̵ΰ
ЩɽϳĹ㳡ߵĵĴɼĽ񣬽ʥ쳯ĴΰԵ쾡¡
⻹ЩɽУûһûľûнЩɽǱ淭ŨŨ棬ͨñѩˡ
֮ǣҪΪǡǣϳǣǡл󲿷֡
ʥɴ½ļ֯
Ǵ½ѧԺ֮һʥԺĹ
ϳǣǹ
֮ǵлضΣ̳֮֡
˳Ϊʥ쳯ʥķ½϶һָġ
֮ǵÿŽɽռؼΪԲǧÿһһУÿɽٿɰˡ
ҶӹУһ󣬾ͳһŴɽϡ
Ӽʮ׵ĿأҶͬˣҲûʲôкһĳȥ
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ҲǴӵÿһ֮ˣҪ³ʾ֤С
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ǵĽֵϵƻԻͣʱ򻹲ʱǳֵʱ̡
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ڽֵ߾ǾƵꡢװꡢꡢưɣħ̵ȸӪҵԳͬʱ߸һͦε
ˡСһ³ķװ˴̸Цڽֵϡ
Ǯеλ˵ãȨ˵ĵҶһһߵͷ̾
ϣһЩ㳵ҶɵϹһȦֱѰһ΢΢ͨ㡱õסֻǳһͣȻͻʮöԪ顣
Ҷզ಻ѣȻǸǮˮĵط
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͸棬ֵ
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ڶִͳи˽⣬иݳѳᣬһЩڿܻѼʮԪȥһƷҲһһǧ𡣡Ҷ֮ǰ˽һ²
ϰԪ鰡ԼǸ⵰ҶԼռǿļöԪ飬һĿɬ
ﲻζûΣգ︻ȻܶģǮȨˣӦҲǳңÿ춼ȥ֮ЩƶеĳˮҲᾭһЩʬ壬Щʬ˵һЩ֮ȥǸ塣
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Լʹʥ춼ߵĽҲǹᡣ
糿ſھۼ˺ܶˣ˾ߣȻҲһЩ壬һҲǰտĹ㳡ռˣһΧһ˴˺š
ҶʱҲΪԼҪǿҪҵͻ֮ķΨһĽݾǾĽʥԺֻԼܽʥԺԴյʹԼʵ
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ҶŻһϾһЩйʥԺһĴţһɴȥҪЩϢ
ι֥ʥԺһ¡һ󺺴ҶʻŴڣߺȵ
Ŷǲ尡ʲôٺ٣ѲɴҲʥԺ֥һˮϵϢһЦ
ȻǣǿҼǳСӽûϣȥٺ١һЦ
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ʥԺˣҶ˿ûʲôУ°ͣ૵ĿˣԼ˵ףҲ͵ҲѶȡ
뵽ҶһЦʱ뿪
Żص¥Ҷߵ̨ǰ鷳ٿһ䷿Ҫסġ
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Ҷ˵ͷеɻôô
¶ǸԲ⼸췿ȽϽţֻʣһڷˣҪתóȥ
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ɾʱ򡭡
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վԼԱߵǷ۾һ鵽ǰǰѫ£ʱһʥӣ
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ˣһӣһװңҶҪ߳ͷȥͲԼܻҪСһЩòӢдżָݡ
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¥ƴĿ͹ۼˣ
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¥Ĺ˿ͱ˴š
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ҶжͻȻǷͷĴԼķ˳Ҷһǰסʥʲô
ͻȻסʣڵʥӲǶޣ죬ף㣬ôû߰
عͷҶһԾѵ㻹ҪסǷ䣿
㻹ûңʲôʥˡҶ
ʲôʥӣһ˿Ľ뾴η½ѧԺߣǱǿ츳һѧѧԺ𱦼ı󡣷ܹΪʥеһԱʹⴳ½ҲûԸȥʥ֣һǺѧԺػܹΪʥӣѾԤʾǽһǾǿߣԾЩ߸ϵĹ壬Ҳǣ
ҶͽǸھҪʥӶ뷨ȡˡ
ʥӵݣ治һ㡣
뵽ʥӡ֣ҶһԼܽʥԺݵλԴҲ޷ЩʥӡᲢۣԼҲܹΪʥӡԺõԴ𣿡
֪ôܳΪһʥ𣿡Ҷһ꣬ʵ


534 ׷
ɫ쿴Ҷһ۵ҪΪʥӣҲ̫ѣֻҪѧԺκһѧԺʥԺʥԺʱ򻨷ʮԪһһأʥˣʱֻʥӣ
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ȵȣղ˵ʲôʥţҶп׷ʵ
ͷʥҲǷּأʥӵֲġʥӡһȼɵؿȼйأܹ¼ؿǾʥӣ
ʹ򵥵ʥӿһҲǿ߲ſҴ˵츳Ҫǿпǻֻпܶѣ
ʥӵĿǴ½Σյ£ûд֮ˣǾԲܳΪʥӵġ̾˵
ʥôֵȼˣҶʵ
ЦָղŽȥǸʥӵķղλʥӣǰʥӣʥӸ߳һȼ𣿡
˵ʥӸ·ɫֵģҶе㲻׵
ҪԼ㴩һͬɫ·Ϳðһʥ𣬲Ҷ룬϶ô򵥡
·ֻһֱֻһЩϲҫԼݵʥӲ磬ʥ֤ؿöʥѫ£ɿѧԺϰ䷢أÿһʥӣһöʥӡѫ£΢Ц
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Ҷʵһ㶣ſЦʥӣҰɣʥǧûֹˣ֪ʥӵ¡Һ˵ǰһʥԺĽʥɱʥ쳯һʥ쳯Ϊ˴ŭѣּҪǽʥӵľ壬֪ôţӲʥԺѹɴ˿ɼѧԺʥӵػ̶ˡ
ʥԺܺʥ쳯⣿Ҷ𾪣˼
ʲôѧԺѧ鲼½֮еĴѧԺŲƵĹϵʥ쳯ŭڣôôּĴȥԼĸУɣ
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ѽ˵ôˡһҪȥΪʥ׼ˣȸˡ
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ҶһԼǰס¥ȽϽȽݳ޵ľƵӴǾƵӴڲһЩװƷҶò̾еͷˡ
ﻹз𣿡Ҷص
һɫòŮӴӹ̨̧ͷЦУһסҪһԪ顣
ҶһһΪȷԼûɵһΣһסһԪ飿
ǵģûһһԪ顣ϷŮ΢Ц
ȷﻹס𣿡Ҷ̲סڵҾ¥ȻǺޱȣҪҲʵֲ̫˵ɡ
ȻϷŮӽĻػȷҶĿɿڴ
˵ЦˣôûסˣڿŵķҲֻˣ᲻סǺǣ´ҪԤˡϷŮӹְҵԵ΢Ц
𣿡Ҷе㲻ŵϷŮӵ
ô𣬺Ǻǣ֪ʥԺ½ϵӶӵ¥ķ乩Ӧ󣬽ȱĺŶϷŮӵ
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ӣҪס𣿡ϷŮӿڣҶ
ҶȻСҲ˷ǮƣԼܹҲֻмԪˣҪסˣԵĿɾûˡ
Ҷû˵뿪ҾƵ꣬ڸ˺һȥʮҾƵס˿ѡһҹģ¡һҾƵꡣ
סһΣ۸ʮԪ顣
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һӰҶǰһ
ԭֻèСүһҶЦϤ֮ĸоԼڹĹ֮èһӡ
һǰĹƬֻèҲ֪ʲôѾܾûϵԼˡ
ϴΣҪԼΣգèҲ
һºҶٵȥ˳԰еС·ԼĿ֮Ǳȥ
һ·֮ϣҶڲغİڣʶˣ治׷ǣʥ춼ȻڲͬһСС¥Ľ䱸ܵĺܡ
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ҶһС¥ǰͣ˴Լ֮ǰסķ䡣
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ȻҶȴû˵ֱ¥Ծȥˡ
ʥӼҶ˵ȴԶԾȥԥĴ棬Ȼ㣬СĽ䱸ţͬʱҲΧĶ
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ҶµһϢ׷ȥ֪Էıţϻû˸ҶʥӲһĹ򣬾Ѿ˾¥ķΧһƬƽĻլ֮
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Ҷһķ˳ȫں֮УϴһɫߣȥмظС
ʲôˣ֪ҵĺ𣿡ʥȵ
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Ц갲俴Ҷְγ˱ĳĽ纮һʰ͸̬֮
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紵ҶӣҶȴվԭһ


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ҶȻע⵽߳갲ӰҶȴЦһ۵նұߡ
žܣ˶ʱɢǽšˣ
Ҷݺݵһŵ棬լ΢΢һ£Ҷ˴һƲӰ˲仮׾룬ֱӳ嵽갲ǰ
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䣡
갲ɳһݺݵػڰյʱ갲һƯط䵽ϡ
ۡ³һ˿Ѫ갲ֿ˿ǰҶҵλã·Ѿ˺ѿؿڼʹɱѣһ۵˿ڣѪð
Ҷվԭأ˫۴˿˿⣬ȴ΢ЦĿ갲
ÿٶȣǿ갲̧ͷҶôҲû뵽ԼȻһоͰܱҲԼĳɷڡ
뵽갲ӵһԾ𣬴󡰺ȣһ
С꽣޾ҶֱҶԥԱܿȥ
갲һͬʱҲת˫ͬ糵һתһһնҶ
ҶûĹһһеĲһԴԴϣҶӲֻܼٺˡ
ֻ֪ҪԼһôҪӦ갲Ĺһ뵽⣬ҶҲ˾ȻܳΪʥӣǻûһЩⱾ£ԼɲҪ﷭˴źá
žȴҶ΢΢һУ˵һģͬһĽѾԼն˹ʱҶҲʵˡ
Уһľ˫һںϣעиոջĺ«֮ϣӭȥ
ʱһɿµĳʥԶذ֮ϣҶȴǽһԾ˿
䣡갲˺ݺݵڻլʯʵĵذϣذѿʯɽլʱһƬ̳
һŭ𣬴̳У갲˳ȻǳҶǳ嵽լһߡ
ұɱģƵġ갲嵽լһߺȾѪվıֱҶ۾ɱ⡣
ŶѵʲôвɣҶ갲飬üͷһ塣
˵Լ޷Ļܣĺ֣ҲӦôŰѵһ滹ʲô춯صľвɡ
ܴ⣬з£ҶɲԸԼ
ʱ갲ȴû˵ֻ¶ķŭޣҶǲʲôԼ鷢
갲΢˫̧
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ޣ塣갲һŭһǿҵĺɫâȻϱȫһž죬ƤðһɫƬЩĺɫƬȻ·
갲ȫΣ׵һ̴ļ׵͸˱㼡⣬˳
һᣬ޸ϵ갲һŭ̧ͷĿҶֱڿһˡ
ʱ갲ͷѳ˻ҺɫȫѺܲ󣬻һͬһβ͡
֮ǰ֮࣬ɫë֮ϣʮָ֮䣬ذצϴ̽ջء
ÿһצǵ棬а˴磬˸ɭĺ⣬˫ͫտĺɫ˵ĸо졣
۶ڵĻ޳βҶᾪһжʱ˼ء
ҶôҲ벻갲ȻշһֻڵޣҾȻǩˡԼҪ֪ޣշѵĺܡ
շ޸ϼѣ˾շޣһҲֻ׶ʱշǣҪ׶ޣҲǺѣϾһޣԼ׶̶Ǻܵġ
շޣʮ̵ֿһҪسΪޣһֻǸ߰ĺܣ׵ĳࡣ
ڶҪԼ󷨣󷨵ĲãȴҪħ޺ά֣ĳ̶ȣշ޵ǿ
Ҷ㣬շһͷڵޣĵħ޺˿Ҳһǳֲ֣Զһܳܵġ
ԼӵԼ޵˷ǳϡ٣޵Լǩ֣һ޵ıǩԼԼǩ޽һӸˣ벻
һ޵ǩԼԼԼ޽ģԼǩһôǿսʱսɱޣ嵽ϣں츳ܣս
ڵ갲޸ΪȻλλ֮һӵˡβĲ츳ܣҶҲе
Լڿ൱ͬʱʶĸ֣һ޷ֱ˴˵֣ɱȵ뿪ʶѶˡ
ڣҰĵȥɣ갲ŭغһ˾ɫĴſ磬š꽣Ҷ˹
갲Ҷ֪һýӣ׼ãûҪӲƴ˶ûộɵ£Ҷһǲȥġ
갲ڹٶƺǱƺƮƮġ꽣ٶȴĹ죬Ǳ갲Уһ֡
ѵ治갲ƿأͷĻƿأҶһգۼ䣬ǱȻѾҶԴ˹
Ȼʱ갲ȴҶġ֮ԶĵطһĻҶզ಻ѣȻ갲ƿأʱҶ룬һٺͬʱ˫͵ŵ档
ಣҶٳȥ
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һҶһ亹ֲ˶ԼһͷޣԭҶԴ˻û⣬ھȻ֪Լһͷ޿սʱЧҲɴĶ
լһֱӱˣǽڶȻ˿֪һĿֲ
Ҷڰһڣ䵽һ֮ϣ갲һɵЧԼûӣȻԼзкѳԵ
䣡갲һûЧȴٴŭһȻһ̤棬ʱٴιѿ갲˼ٳڷϵҶ
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Ҷִѿ갲ɫʼͨ죬кⷢ۾Ҳڱ˺ɫҧгݵ쵰㲻˵Ҫдôھ֪ܣ
ŭ𣬺ߣԽŭԽãһҶһӰֱӳ˹ȥҪ갲һνսˡ
갲俴źɱѪ۾һ˿Ǳ꽣ĽȻһ˿׹Ʈš
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ǺǣǾԸ΢Цֻһҫ۵ĺһ͵갲ǰ
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ȣ갲룬æеġ꽣ȥֵͻȻֵĽǶȻ갲һҽС
顢꣡갲еġ꽣ٶȼĵסĳǰǱɹǱ΢΢һٺ󣬽׹תȻֱԽ꽣þ˵ٶȴ갲ۼס
һҷͣڻӺҶһ֣Ⱥݺݵ갲ʱ顫죬ϵ
Ҷ߹һ갲Ѿʧȥϣꡱһ۶ʱߵֱŤ
ٽһز갲˶ʱһɴһ߷˳ȥ̱ڵϣؿѪͣ硣
ҶвѪ갲ǰҪΪʥӣӵиƨǵޣͿȥСүƽľˣһһ
ڵط갲Ե÷ǳĸߴòȻ̸ӢȴһҰԣŭҶȵһΪΪڵģ
Ŷ𣿡ĻҶ⣬壬ڿһֻ֣Ͷ䣬һֻס«갲ϵ˼£ֹס˿ڴӿѪˮ
ô㲻ɱھͷңҶֹסԼϵ˿ڣҶҲɱԼѧԺԹ갲ʼ޿
ɱ㣿ǺǣǰҺ°ʥԺػҵȻɱ㣡Ŵʱʮ갲ҶǻһЦݡ
ߣ㻹ң갲䡱
˵ɱ㣬û˵Ҫ㰡ҪȻСүҹæǰ׷ˣһҶ˷Ƥ


536 ٲֽ
˵㵽ʲôĿģսңܰҹҵôط˵갲ޱȣֱ͸ҶĺУ֪ʲô
Ȼ갲ô뷨ܿʵˣģġ
Ҷ갲һִۣӶȡָᵯ΢Ц㻹Ǻɵ𣬻֪ұͼҪˣѵΪʥӵǵϣֵǮֵҪ
갲һ¡꽣Ľǵʥӵҫ̸ģУҲ˭Ҳߣһɱ
Ҷʼ磬֣㲻Ҫѻ˵ôвڱҪһСģ־ôһɾûŶ
ٷϻˣ˵ɣ㵽Ҫõʲô갲ĵ
˵ˣСүͷеǸţСүͦеģԡҶ΢ƣŽµ갲˴ָ
갲ҶĻ΢΢һе㲻˼ôĿģ
Ҷͷе㲻ǰȻ˵һʲôĿģ
ֻٲƣ갲ΪʥӣʹǴӱˣҲԷľٶŪһĺͿ֪Ҷ״ʲô⡣
ǲеˣȻ˸ҴʥӣѵͲº⵽ѧԺıԼǰΪԼǰµĳң鷳أû뵽Ȼôԭ
갲˼Ժת˼תûгɶãϵ֣һȡһƤӡ
еӣ갲¶һ˿ᣬݺݵĵҶһ۵ЩԪ޺ˣӦһˣ
ŶǺǣ˵кôãӻʹҾͲˡҶЦĽŴӣ΢΢һ򿪣ʱ۾һ
ȻһЩԪ⣬Ȼмڵ޺ˣĶҲֵԪˣû뵽淢˸Сơ
ҶЦ̰飬갲ݶҧˣǿԼȫļҵû뵽ˡ
ţ갲ͷһתݺݵҲֻܿѣ£Ҫ
Ҷʱȴû갲飬һպ󣬳갲˼۾Цû뵽㻹ǸС̰ţУղǴģֻ֪һӾͳˣѵ
˵Ҷȴǲ˵°ͣеۣ΢ЦµĿʼ갲
갲ҧṵ́иԴĿռ
갲һ꣬ûκԥϰ׹һһɫĴӣȻϣ갲־ͶҶ
еƴСĿռҶװģس̾˿ǵģôû˵ҪĴ
ô˵ҶֿһҲһ֣һۺ󣬾յԼĿռָȥˡ
ٶڵϵ갲Ѫ갲ˣҪҶǷЦ趼ϲ
ҶЦ갲˸ţջͦϲ˵ģʱȥˣ˵԰ɣ
갲ʱȴǿջϲˣҡȴǵ˰˱ӵùˣôʥӶҴٵ񣡡
һ˵һתͷȥ갲̺ðɫ̱úѿ
ҶûĴ˸ǷתİֵϻͲ˵ˣˣҪؼ˯ˣˣ
갲ͷջôȥ˯ĺþҡҶת갲ͻȻЦһ㵽ȥ˯
ڡ˯ճڣ갲ȣһͺ˫һţһӰֱײתҶ갲ֻ޴ëٴðڹ⡣
ȻͻأأǱܼ۰ŵβ·׶һתżٵشƿ˿־ءءֱӳҶظϮ˹ȥ
һһ˲ˣ갲Ĺٶ̫ˣֱҶӦʱ䶼ûС
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תۼ䣬Ҷȫ£Ѿ갲ĳβ׵ذֻʣһͷ¶ڿУųβսҶĺҲ
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ʵ갲һֱںҶ˵ʲôʲôʵ۾һֱգҲգضҶеĽ
ҶҲںһЦţһȡƷʵ۾ҲδƬ뿪갲ͬسβֻôҲû뵽ⳤβôá
һᣬеûʲôЧҶҼȲӵܣҲǲ壬ͷɱɣ
갲Цѵһ𣬻һʱ𣬾Ͳɱˣ
ҶͻȻЦЦΪʲôҪ㣬ƾβͣΪסɱ𣿡
갲ɫɱ㣬ҵҪԿ
һ˵꣬βٴһһģȻʱҶȴųһ㵭İ׹⣬ƾβιȴƲ⻤ֺ
⵭İ׹⣬갲⡱һ£վԭסˣе㲻˼͵ĵط
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ȻԼȫ¶˳ҶȴǺЦ룬ôˣ˵ĲСĵʱ֪ҵʱΪʲôɱѵΪʥӡǺǣû´ĻⳤβӦһʲôʯ١Ľаɣ˵һʩչ֮߳һ˶ܲҪǵʱƼ㣬ͬھԩˣ
Ҷôһ˵갲ȴЦͬھɵ£һΪʥӵԶǰ̣õĽԸլҰأôһ֪ļһ˵ء
ٺ٣Ҫ֪ôãСүҲòһֱ˵ôϻˣȻСүһȫʬġҶĵ
Ȼиط¹˭֣ö֪أơ갲ٷϻӶеġ꽣볤βܵȫһĿǲ׹֮ϡ
˵㻹ôʲôˣǿˡҶ׹⻤赭дĵ
Ҳ̫񡭡δ˵갲ȻŵĿǴβðһؽصؽ⣬žԼβһڽڵĶѿ
ֱʱҶ˿΢Ц˵ôķϻڽɶβȥˣСүսսһʱаǺǣûβҿ㻹ܲʩչʯ١
갲һ˳ȥھҵĲţɭȻĿעҶļƣ
ļҾһĹ󰡣β͵ϮңɡҶ̬ƽͣ·˵һǳƽ飬ֻҵĺ«϶ѣ뵽ȴԼҪβȥƴӦòҵĴɣ
ۿҶһĳԼ갲˲ʣԼɱﵣɱԼģͬʽԼôʹã֪ˣ߲ˡ
벻˾ȻһʼѾԼˣԼ̫ˣȻô䵽³ܵҶɢɱ⣬갲һ˲ʣ
ʥԺİʥӣ갲ţķ蹷еȮͣ㲻ɱң㲻ɱң
ʥӣ
ҶЦһʥӺ˲𣬾ӣҲȥɣĿĵˣǾƲģ
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ҶˣһݣæڶԷ꽣׳ͬʱС«ֶԷͷֱնȥȻҲΣȻһܣѳԶȥ
͡һ꽣ͻȻʧȥ˿ƣֱֱбɵ˻լгһĹ֮ʧˡڵأʥԺŹģ갲ǰغڴڻصš갲ʬֱڵذϡ
Ҷջ˺«Ƴһ۵ϵʬ壬ЦһߣڣСүȥʥӿ񣬵СүΪʥӺһȥļһҿ㻹ƾʲôҺڣ
갲ֵǮĶѹξҶתķһ·ԾȥתʧӰĺĻС
صƵ꣬Լסķ䣬ҶԾӴǰһ֮ϣȻһƬëƮƮ˴δһҳ
ڣµΰʣǱ߿ﻹʮԪķ䣬оҲô
Ȼ󡰺һ£һͷԵ˴ϣͷ˯갲Ƕôãˣ
Ǿϣϣƣ
ȥԼȻʤĺףʵеļ֪һԼǲоͲһûһˡ
ʥԺʥӻǱ̬һʥӣȻλ۵ʵϵʥӣֻԼ治ǡ
ҪҶǰ콫콣ɱ«һ壬Ƴһнⳡսʤϡ
նɱһʥӣջĲҶǹ΢Ц˯ǰɵ


537 ޶
ڶ峿
Ҷһִͬϵ̫ʦϣƤдš½ʷһ飬ýζ쳣Ͷ롣
Ϊ˼ӿ˽⣬Ҷò飬ԼôҲһĿģǾҪһЩ½֪ʿΪ˴ֶΣ׵ǿΪ硣
ʱ̫֮ʱůչӳ촰ϣ˽Ҷϣڿİ۾΢гһϸ죬ټбŵˣҶ˶Ե쳣ɢ
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷ˿촰૵ȻǸһһЩֵǮĶڻع⣬һЩ޺ˣԼÿɻǲʱЩʲôӣӦѾ˰ɣ
ţˬ̫ʦվ˸Ҷ
ֽϣϷţ˳ȥƵ棬ֵѾȺˣüͷһҶѡһȥ
ֵһŵĵ̣ƺŵֱдħӻ¥¼̡о¥ĳ廨ŵơ
ҶҲûЩһۣŽֱֵ춼ֵĴȥΪҶľ飬ЩʵĴ̿϶λõĵطԼ޺ҪĺüǮֻȥЩط
һҶһΪ¥·һͻȻһ
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طô󣡡ҶȥͰԾ
¥һ㣬һ㣬Ҷһͷ֣һһ׳һ׳һǳŵ֣ʹӿϰˣҲ˿ӵġ
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ǵҶҪߵ̨ȥʱһͻȻҶǰסҶ
Ǹ𣿡Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬еɻˡ
ģľó˵ؿڵ
ģΪʲôھҪóҶǲ
ԱҶɻ󡢲ر飬Цǵһ¥ٺ٣ԲΪ˱һЩҪ鷳¥ԶĹ涨
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ףôʾƷҶ⿪ڵ
ûеſǱĻԱӵд˿ˣȻóʾƷ˵
ףǲ԰ЩûҶͻȻ۾һתֿʲôҲûˣֱ˹ȥ
ƢҲ㲻ĵĽ͵ûע⣿ؿλʥԺѧ΢ΪʥԺѧ˼ǻϲǻǵƷ
Ҷа̾ڲ˽⵽ѧԺ½ӰѧԺһͨѧԱλ˲ֲͬãʲôʥӣھ¥֣Чˡ
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Ҷ޺һգߵ̨֮ǰֻһŵĹ̨ǰ棬ЩһЩͨħһЩȽϷڳۣ΢΢ҡԴ
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ڸҶʩһְҵԵλ»ƾͻ֮ʵλǷйƷҪۣµԱߵƫڣϸ̸Σ
͸ػҶȻһЦǰ·ɣ
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Ҷûпģ豭һһλ˽
λһЦжҶ˵λ֪кƷҪ۸꣬ڿɷóһ
Ҷһۣ漴־ȡ˸ղŵһڵ޺ˣݸ˵޺ˡ
ҶȻʮ޺ˣҶϾǵһνĵطûǮûǰǲֵġ
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βڷǰס裬ʵĻ棬˳βһ·ȥԭֵһߣǷշĻޡ
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һҶҲҴˣ˱Ǵﵽڵĸ֣ԼһӦѸгټôһͷޣҶûһˡ
ҶҲ򲻹ƾԼٶȣҪߣǻסԼֻһɾеԲסСѾͷˡ
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һ޹ѸתնҶһ«֮ϣٴθ֣顱һ«׼ȷޱȵĵڳ֮ϣ֮𵴿
ҶһŤٵĶ㿪Ľһһյվκ̧ͷ˿ȥ
𡭡ڰУһԳХϣҲʱʱ֣һھԳõ綾һڿвϵš
һ龰ҶҲ̲סһֿڱĻô򰡣һͷޣ磬ʲôʱޱɴ½ˣ
ʱҶһСѾͷڲСѾͷ׸Լʲô鷳ܽʥԺ˱ͲһˣҶ֪ͬʱܽʥԺӵл޵ģɾеֲˡ
ʥԺֻ֣һʥԺʥӣһ־ż󱳾ӵܣһüǳӵһ֡
ǰһͷҶΪǸϾûоԵ£Щ˹ʺ˵ͨˣƾ츳ʥԺȻڻԵɺ֮һͷǩԼҲǲܡ
˶ӵлޣҶҲţ˹ʺ˲ŵõ޵ˡ
ʱһҶŭҲе㲻˼ģǲʥӣ֮ţʲô鷳Ұ㿹˾ǣ
ʲôỹûСүҲˣټҶ˵仰ͻȻС𣬵ɣһƲˡ
ҶˣĿɿڴСѾͷ飬ֻҪ̲סѪˡ
ҶͻȻ뿪ȻһĿɿڴ˵˼뻹ǲһת۾ͻָ˹
࿴ŷһٺЦǰ̫˾ˣǿͿģǵûңҲѧֶһǿĲ
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ජŷһ룬૵ȻǸˣʱȻҲ㲻ǼġҺҲ˻Ϊˣ
òҪȻҾͻ̲صġĻꡯʲôҲòһҧݺݵ
پͻٰɣڷ֣ҶȤѾԡĻꡯȤˣٺ٣һЦĳһȥ
һһߺˣһ߲վסǰһҾһηȻ̾ͣס˽š
һ˿ȻЦ֣ģֻǰ߾ǣҸҵģҲͲˡ
һȷкܶɲһֻԼΪʲôûЩҲˡ
ӰһѵǰЦᣬҲˣǺúõػŰɣз㣬ҲùµⲻǺܺ𣿡
һҲܵķһǿһǽøʲôԩΪҪ˺ǣ
Цôԩ෴һһΪˣ˵ô
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һҧ۾֪ᷢʲô飬Ҳȥ룬ֻϣҸɱ
ſ۾˵һ䣬ʹһ䣬֪ôҾֻð·
仰δ˵꣬һ۾˿չЦˣһŮӦû±ʲô
ķļͷλĴүҲί㣬ʱ仹磬ǾͶɣ
һҡͷҾҲ޸
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һһ󡰵ŵš죬Ѿһ˯Ůɿ


541 
Ҷ˿һۣȻûŮòҲŵӴŮɢһȻһϵͬһޣŮǷһǸˡ
ȻȷҶҲٵȥ
һٺҶڵطһҲܶķһ۾һǲ㣿
ʱҶ־һֱԺ״̬ķһҶĻܵĿһۣȻľص˵ͷ
ţ˾ͺãҶ˵ͷŵǸʲôĴ٣˷ڵϣȻߵ
⻰Щԥ͵ſһۣףӣɾȴͻȻգ˼£׹
ߵһյأбݷ˵ϣȻ˿
ҶЦĿ˷һۣһ쳣ٶôӹķۣڼѰ˷źãҲȥƽϵġ
ʲôıСүȥɣҶͻˡ«ݺݵһֻ̣ϰ׹һҶһ
ˣһûҶ΢ת侲ץһЦҲãĺͿˣŷСɣ
ת˸ͱñŷ࣬ţֱҶݺݵشһȭ˶ʱ൹˹ȥ
Ҷһȭշ𣬵ǲľŹַ˼㺮ǣŵڰյ˹ȥ
һкҶڵϵķһ°ȥʱһ֣ռԾ
ȵܿҶⷢȷȥ׷ʱҶӰˡ
ֻҶЦԶԶλģԺ󻹻ǵģʱǾรٺ٣
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쵰ΪʥӵĻᣬȻͻֵĻ쵰ŪûˣҲǲʵ
ҡҡͷֻΪˣǻ׵ĵ壬뵱ҷѾ˶ĻŰĴƭ˳ҲĻˣ
СӣòҪҲҳȻһҪŭ
عͷǷ࣬ҡҡͷòˣѾ֪ǴߵǺˣߣһΪ¸ۣ
ʲô֪˭΢΢һȵ
ٺ٣ʱ֪ˣЦЦԽǲһ֣Цݾͱøһ֣ĿҲֳһɱ
Ҷŷһһ·Уֱȷ׷ʱһͣ
Ż㣬˿ܻΪŮ֮ҶֻпЦΪʲô֮Ϊɽ׶⡰ɽ󡱻ʵڲС
СѾͷҲ˯˹ȥԼһᣬѾͷСĥᣬԼȣһи˯˹
ҶüȲܣﲻͳ˵۹Ҳ֪ô˭źá
ˣƣ͵˾ȵףСүСѾͷҲʵڲǳٴ鷳Ҳֻˣ΢΢ԥһ󣬱óԼʥԺסȥ
֪˶ãһ˯ʱ򣬷Լѵ˸ǳķⷿ䲻һǳĴ
ķ䣬һƤĴɳϣһ͵͵غһײ֪ĸȥò⡣
ϴ·ҲܺÿȴǴ˸ߣһظУںŵ׸裬ȴ˵죬˵顣
Ǵиܵһ˿˿ļį龰ȫƣҲǺܲơ
һһſ۾Ͳرסˣ˺ܾãŷԼöԱġ
ԼĴǣȴûҪָоԼҲ֪Ӻζתۿһۻǻ˯еĶ㣬˯úǰ꣬ˣǻǰûʲô¡
˾ѣǵأôԼƾջһ౾ܵΣһһ˿
ɳ˶ȴر飬һӸն˶ˡ
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һ뵽Ҷ;ܵһͺ޵ģݺݵõҶһۡ
һտһӣҶ˹̾˿ƵŮ˵æǰﲻðŮæڰæл㣬Ҫ㣡
һСǺˣ֪տۺõҲšˣƺ޲һŽҶơ
һתסԳԵЦһҲҾͺ޲ðȻͳжڣ£Ȼ˼һŮӲˡ
һԾҶڴЦҵĺڣĺڣҿðΣվðȴŮǲĶ
һҶ˵һʱȻ˵ңңҳĳҪҵæĵĲϣòףˣһһˣ˵ǲǶ
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ҶߵԶԶģ֪СѾͷԣԳ֮ЦҵȻǶˣǶ
Ҷװģ̾һ૵Ҳ˾͵ȷһλˣʲôȥ
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һͻȻԼҶô˵ֱԼ鷳ܣǺСˣãһæҲѾ㱨ˣ壬Ͼʹҽ뿪ʡ
ҶȻȥ£û㣬ֻҪСӲģٰ׽˻ȥҿɲٹˣ
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ҶСѾͷҪߣվߵűߵߺãΪһ£˵Ҷ㽫ˡ
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˵һߵ̧ųȥͻȻҶɫһ䣬סһþһԾ顱һһӱ㽫Źˡ
һҶͻȻһٶŪ΢΢һ㶣űǴŭҪ֮ʡ
ȴҶصʵ衯ʲô
Ҷ˵衯֣һһ²԰ʲôǸҶҽ㣬ҸһŹġ
ҶЦ䲢ǾӣҲǸСˣģҲûдʲô衯⣬˵ǸԶ֮⣬ٲһҲԶˮȲ˽ɡ
һҧ촽㡭ʣַôյģߣȴʲҲΪʲô
Ҷüʲô㣬ϸһ£û´СѾҵˣ治ףǡҺʲôȻ쵰ƶᣡ
Ҷôһ˵һһȻͻһŲ죬˴Ҵҳ˹ֺˣ֪ԼִҶˡ
ԥһҧҧһû˵塯
壡ҶһԣסˣƬ̺һֹŹֵ´СѾͷ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫֲС˲ϰˣ
ڡ塱£ҶҲһЩ伮أһЩϵļӵϹһ˿Ѫ
һ˿Ѫÿǧ꣬һŮӾѣѺŮӾͻӵ̵츳
£ʮ֮˾Ųᾡ⣬ŮȻӵȴΪãֻΪյķá
츳ŮӲʹãŮջ֮󣬾ͻתһҺ壺衣
Ϊ츳ܡ̡Ҳһ̶ӵĹܣõӣϴӱˣھǱ꣬׳ǿȡ
ӵдʵŮÿһܵô½ʿ׷ѹСӶŮ׷ˡ
Ǻ裬ҲֻŮĸԸ֮£ӣСȴǿѵǻʲôطŮȡ߲ɲ費ɡ


542 
ף½صڵ밡ǧزžһô˶ҶһɻĿŷһ
һȷʵֻǻһе⣡һ˵⡱ʱȴͣͬʱϲ֪ΪΣ˿˿ĺΡ
˵ͲҪ˵ˣҲֻʡҶĻ˾󣬾ûгɵվſڣϲѾˡ
ڣһҶ
ҶȴڶŷţȻЦһ£˵һ仰ȻˣΪֳ󱲣Ȼ˼¶档
ǲһûˣֻ๶һʱѣһЦУ顱һŶʱķѿ
ſ߽࣬Ҷһ˫۾ȤĶɱΪʲô֣
ȻȴûҶĻȤעŷһȻүȻû´ǹȻȫٺ٣
ǷŵɱˣֲΪʲôҪֻ֣һû뵽ǸߵСӣȥļһǰ˵һˣ
ҶƵ̾˿󣬲ŵҲû뵽ǾȻҵһ϶ң
ߣҲ̫߿ԼˣʥԺҪҸ˻ûҲģЦ
ˣҲҵˣϻ˵ˣ˵ɣǾȻɱң˭ɱң΢۾࣬ҶĮػߡ
ʵҶҲɻѣԼʥԺ쵰벻ʥԺǣ˭Ҫ鷳
ǣҶ뻹û꣬һͳȴǴ⴫˽ȥ
Ƭ̺⣬ƥѩ׽תСԺֱ۶ͷϸһˣȫǺ磬нǹе
޸ͣ£վǰ޶Ľý˺õҲ˲ұӡ
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ֻ˵Լţ㹻˵һУΪÿ˶Ӧ˵ǵţ˭ֺ󣬶ӦöǷ𾴡
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ҶЦھͲˣ˵ֱһجģûʲô£

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ڳ˽⼸ˣ˼Һ»һѰںء
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Ҷü˿ЦɱʥӵѧԺʹģԼģ
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벽һ鷳ϣⲻҪҵС𣡡ҶƵ
ҶƵų·Ӧ֮ʱ
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Ҷ̧ͷһԶһӰ֣۰׷Ϣ֮벽ķʹǿ١
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ҵȷʹִй񣬺֮˵Ϊ׵ʹˣüͷһ壬ػص
ִй񣿡Ҳüͷһ壬Ųִʲô񣿡
ʹȻһתָҶѾʵɱʥӵ֣ҵˣΪ˲ɱˣ
ŶԭǺǡ˵ȻһЦ˿⹫ִвˣ
ִвˣѵ뱣ʹĮ˺ǿԺʲôϵɣ
Һ׷ǹʵģΪҳԱˣûֻ治ܶˣΪѾʥӿˣѾ´ڴڼ䣬ʥԺĴʥ죬ˣǻִܶʲô񡣡΢ЦĽ˵
ЩĻҶһϣʥӿˣӵʥӵĴΣѾģô粻СүСĸοѡ
ʥӿ񣿡ʹĮɨҶһۣĮȻˣΪʥӰɣȻһҲǱɣ
ʹ˵Щһѵѩ׽֮ϣٶ֮죬ԶҶ֮ͷĿۣһyУѸٵʧҶҰΧڡ
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糿Ҷ󣬡˵ҪһܺΪʲôͻȻǰ
ҡͷҲ֪ʥӿ˵񣬱һԣ֮ˣйʥӵĿϢ˭ҲˣˣʱȥѧԺſڵʱ򣬿Ժ˿ܲʶ㣬ֻҪʾʥӿͼ£Ϳˡ
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һȥСҲڲҶӵվɢ˸󣬶ԴҲûʲô
˴ҪȥμʥˣСҲҪһչˣҪѡһǾѵһˣչСҲȽϷġ
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壬ֻжˣܻÿ֣ҶһˣȻʵˣҲûã˯һĺá
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嶼ӵľӨȫ¶΢΢ŵӫ⣬һ󣬲š


544 пῼ
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ҶתĵִѧԺſڵʱͻȻɫ䣬һֻѧԺİУһͷɳġӲӵľ޴ޣƮ
ӴѹƣҶϢĸо۾ֱϸۣſ壬ǺֻǴʵڳ棬ͷһֻӲӵľ޽ǣԵøݡ
ʥԺʵҲĽʹ̫ˣҶʥԺֶθ۷ˡ
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ʱɵССڴڣʵʣֻҪʱ䣬СΪʥڵİޡ
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Ҷ֪óͷȥͻȻһλ߳ҶǰҶǲμʥӿ˵ģ
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ڲһȣȷֱͨһһ·ҲվһߣҶһ㿪ڵμʥӿ˵أߡ
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֪˶ãҶ͸ſڿԴԴϵķ߹ȥúһ׷ͷһòŮ߽Ҷڵ䷿
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˵һ󣬰׷ʶУʥӿ˵Ǳ츳Ȼбʥκһ涼Ҫģ
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ҶüͷѪɫŨҶֻǿΧ׾ˣˣѪУɢζҶüԭ


545 ˫
λѧԺѾѧԺʥӿһˡԡѪþһֻʥԺûˣһ쳹ҶڵĶǧԺУǾͿԡѪþ׼ͽȥɣ
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ҲǲμʥӿΨһĲ֮أﲹʱȴֻСʱ㳬ʱ䣬ôͻ糹ʧͺһˣ˼һ㡣
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ɭֺҶڿһ֦ҶïܵĴĴһº׼˷򣬾Ų·
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ʲôˮ̶Ȼô䣿ƵһҶҲеĴ
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Ҷû´ӦþǡǱޡ롰츳ޡˣ޻ɱɫɢŵƺһ㣬мصӡ
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뵽Ҷٺ١һЦа׹һһȻ糤һ㣬Ȼ


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𡫣ҶôͶȡʱֻͷʳ츳ͻȻֹͣʳתҶⷽŭ


547 ĪΣ
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ֻǰȻƾճһյأյһƬǽ壬̳ǳңȻһսһȺս
ѵãһ΢΢һое㲻ˣһԾҶķȥ
ˣɣȴһµǰȻ
ʲôÿ챩ȵ
ˣأǷǼ£ڸȥжҲ٣˸ϽȰ˵ѪɫƵˣֻ·һЩѾʥӳƺŵĿߣҲ⣬οһͨĿߡ
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һ⻰ʱʮҲڷϻֱǰڶȥˡ
ϣЩһĲڡΪ׵ĺ˵ڣȥ٣һǰ֡
ȻһСǲΥӲͷƤִӸɢԾУƬ̣㽫Ѳһ顣
ȷѰЩһѾ˺Ϊ׵ĺ˱һ£һҶѪеʬ壬ɫֱʮѿ
澹ȻѰôӦЩɣϣûȥĵ״һ˿ϣʶ̽һ
ȷҶûһ˿Ϣݺݵһû뵽һ˿ϣҲˣɣӣ˭Ҳܱ⡣
Ǵɣɣѵĳʶ֪ΪʲôĴأüëһƣ૵
Աߵ¼״Ҳ֪ǵʶҲ֣Ҷ˿Ϣˡ
ˣԱߵˣܣˣôܻȫʬû츳Ǳʳ
ѵĽɣ£΢΢һ㶣عе㲻ŵ
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ˣˣô죿ͻȻһǰһ
ô죬ȴȫʬǽɳͷֶΣѽʾˣɴɣ־ɱҲΣҡͷ̾ϢصˣҲֻȥҪˣҪǹȥɣ
ˣ㣿ôУȥɣ˿лΪʥӵģ΢΢һ㶣æ
ˣң˭Ҳ𣬵ʱ»СӵǾͲҪ˵ˣһӣֱӴϵ
⡭һôһ˵Ҳٶ໰֪ȷʵǿġ
Ҷʬ壬Ĭһ΢΢̾Ϣһڵ죬¼˽ʬʰˣڷ¶֮У
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Զ̻ˣԸʬ壬һԾߵķȥ
ȵеߺֻһƵͳ϶춯֣վװôϽҪȥʹ˻ˡ
ΪˣѾ죬ںòҵˣȴֻҵģᣬʵŶ̧ˣﻹڶˣ϶Ը
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ҵиӣʡֲ£֪ԸԸ⣿
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˵Ҷ׹ĹУ޷ӦȻ׹˴ԼʮӺʧȥʶеҶȴͻȻ۾
ֻǷȻ׹׹֮ƻȼȻһȥԼǷǵĽ
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˿̸޷оץסʲôȴҲϷֻ֣һ׹һΣȻͣ
ãŸſ۾ʱ֪Լץŵֻһѹĺɫɽ٣ɽϣȻȴδ䡣
СүˣҶ˿ͬʱҲЩ쵰СүûȻ뽫Сүˣ⵽СүǺСү
ʵҶЩ˵֮ǰͻָһЩʶЩ˵̸ҲˣֻκΣԼںϺ󣬷̫֮ǿˣȻӵʶȴǿڲܶ۲գһˡ
ЩҪԼʱҶǼˣֻʱȷʵûкֲܶ˿ǿȴапࣺңָǺãǻ񰡣
ԼޱȵӹѪɫɱΣһΣ·ѹȥʱһΣյ⡣
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ƶһӣֻɽٶ䣬ֻԸƬָܻһЩȻ跨뿪Ҫĵط
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ķ·ѽԺ˿ȫյһʮοɽϡ
ҪԼΪʱʲôǴʱ˿̣ȻþеĴʾҲ޷Σգֻȫʧһͨ
ҶȴȻסԼֻ֪˿ֻҪ΢ңҪ׵ľ֮¡
𡫡һŭͻٲݴСಡһ졣
Ҷתȥֻһֻ۵Ǳұٲݴеһĺڴ󶴴ܳһžͷͣҶͷ಻һߴ
Ŀƣ˲Ҳ˲עҶ۾ݺѽҶգҲҶһ¡
Ҷֻ޳Լǰٵɫնɱȴһֻ͵ȵɫǱսϺעǷ̡
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Ҫ֪գһĿ⣬̻ὫǱ޾ôݲɥ޿ڣҲҪھ֡
Ǳ޵ĿĹâɢһֳ֮ɫҶ˫ĿӣƺҲЩ;
ҶҶ
ֻǾǰһսˮ࣬ʹҶܣֱ˿̲ŷ̵ʹ༸Ȼ˵ʹ໹Ҫܡ
ޣʹнš
ͻΣִһ϶ûСص죬ʲôסˣǷ跨ȥ
ͻȻ洫˵һѧԺػԼˣҶͷһϲҪ
ֻ̱ҳκ춯þǱޣһھͽԼˡ
ֻΣϵ϶ֵˣҲνˣǻϽȥ˻ϰɣ
ҶǱƣһ˵Ľ˿ֻҪһ̿ԵõԮ
Ԯδ֮ǰԼȴضǱ޿֮֪Ķ˽ߣҶҲҳڽк
쬣쬣һԾ֮Ϣ
Ҷ̾һҲֻܰףԼˣϣǱûзǱɽ֮Լϣȫ뿪
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ΣδȥΪôõĶţ֮ҶڸվûˣղҪǿһǿҾ֧ţԼץסٵȥˡ
Ǳ޲ȥҶʱȫ·ǰ··
һ·ԼȥֱԼɽȣȻȫˤ߶ϣѣĿȫǵĲģ
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·˿ֱòˣ˽ս֮ԼץɽٵѾҶͷһݡ
Ŀһ׵ɽȣڱϺݺһţԼһѸٵĶұϵĺڵĶڴȥ


552 
ڵıԵҶþ϶ڣұϲٵڻĵ˶ڵϷĿĶŶ棬ϸһ
Ҷ΢һȻӶϷԾ£ڰһȻɽ֮ڡ
붴ںҶʱһҵĻѣֻǰһϸ۲ⶴڣ͡ԡһֻˡ
ԡѪþѪɫĲ񷣬ѪɫĴѪɵһƬѪԡѪþУ·Էֱ棬츳Ǳõķ
ԭҲμʥӿ˵ˣѾ׵ȥһ룬ɱ¾Ȼڼο˽治֪ܴˡ
ʱԵҶȴ
ֻȫѷ·˺һ㣬ʹѽľʹо֫Ĵڡ
ûЩǸϽ̧ͷѲΧһۣȻⶴй̫Ҷ˵ûʲô⣬˿ܵΣܳһʯͷһУĵģӦûʲôڣҶһɡ
鶯һȫ⣬ҶеһʹֻԳԼһˣȺճɿˣ
ˣҶ˿ֱ˵ϡ
ղһʱ䣬壬ǾϣҶŵ˼ޣղΣյʱ򻹺ãʱȫˣҶȴе޾ƣӿֻϢһ¡
Ϣʱʱ˷ǳұڶѨУҶЪϢһеָһЩվϾܾô֮أڻǸϽҸȫĵطָʵҪ
ֻǱ츳ϷŪĳҶԴ½ΣյһΣÿһ붼ܱɱ
ٺҲҶһҶҲǿҵĿǿʵ
뵽ҶվǽӾһʹķε۴ҧأŴȡһѻѳ˿״Ʋ󣬲ŷǰȥ
ǰĹߣȴǲûеǰ谵Լ֮ЩʱҶ֪ӦǬ
סϸѡŵ·ԼǳȥǼⶴȥýϸãʧһȻСʱܾûˣ
ϸĿһ󣬱ѰŶȥһ·СɽڲǱ츳޴ڵģҶɲ뾪ǡ
ֵǣһ·ûб츳Ǳ޴ڣһ·ϣ˽Ų߶ϸС֮⣬졣
ֻϢԽԽʪҲ·ԽԽأ˶֮УХ졣
΢ʱҶĿ⣬ڶϻɨ˲֮ȴȻͣһڵɽڴ
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濴˿һƬڰȴŵɢȥмͨĵ֮С
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ʹԼҲǾһһĲʹģԼлŴ󲿷ֵʹȻȻԼܷܶ֡
ԼˣһЩμʥӵĿߣҪͨȡǿԼ꣬¸졣
壬ǿԼ꣬Ҫﵽһ̶ȣеҪҲ̬ĺܣҶ΢΢һ¡
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ҶǰſݹǣͷЩмĶ˫ƺʮ˸СѺǣ૵ҶǸ֪ͼˣȻ㿪ĶУһѣͰ㽫˰ɣҲΪˣ
סһѺǣһᣬꡭµԵʣݹǣȻССһ֮Ūɢ˼ܡ
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ǾһۣȻͷ˿һصĿݹǣסеĶغ档
һչ͵غһҶȹĽѿݹǷ˶УȻʯ֮
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ڽɫỺչҶϸϸķһ£Ŀͣ˾С֮ϣԶ봫
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ʵʥ֮ǵţԴ˲һС͵ĿռţӶʹܹռصռ䣬͡
νľᴫͣһΪĴ֮Ǵﵽ˿ռ֮ͨһֹطɵġ
;ᣬһͨҲʹãȻǰᣬӵ־ᣬ⼸һܵ顣
Ϊӵпռ֮ҪһžᣬҲķʮľпһţסпܣǾɡ
Ϊ־ĹУ΢أֻҪ֮ˣ΢пǰ
־죬Ⱥʱֺԣһӵпռ֮Ƴ־ᣬҲԻᵱһţһ¾
Ͼ˭ҪӵһžᣬɻΣʱ൱ƾնӵһ
룬浱˵ľɱʱֻҪһչ˾ƿնȥˣֶΣǾ־úܶȻĶΪ˵õ־ᣬǿߣʹֶΣѾĻҪЩӵпռ֮ǷԼ飬ԱΪԼᡣ
ȻϵһĴڣжĴڣҪӵпռ֮м
οǷ飬˿ռ֮񵽵Уûˣ
֮£ܹġ;ᡱ̶ȣͿ֪ˡ
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žǸŵνۣҶüʱһƲƲ˸ťԼûǴȻҲϡޱȣǮļ۸񡭡
뵽⣬Ҷ鲻ԽĴ˸Ц룬ҪǧԪɣԼһְ
ٺ٣Ҳ̫̰ˣܵõȱѾһִˡҶЦЦͬʱĬĬǮ⣬Ͳ⣬ԼᲹť
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Ȼ̧ͷɨⶴһۺҶԾ棬һԼǰķȻһתڵ·߽
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üͷܲĲҶƬ̣ٲߵͨС߽ͨΪۡ
Ҷת˺ü䣬ԽԽȴǺȻ֣Χ¶ȣȻ֮ǰĺ䣬ԽԽȡ
ȻԼոߣǱ𵨴Ĺͷˣͷפ˽ŲҶĨ˰ѶͷϺˮԶɢѪĳڣһ
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ĿϸɨҶأǰȴûзְֻ츳Ǳ޵ټҶգգۣٴι۲˺Ƭ̺૵Լĸоѵˣ
վڶڣԥһᣬȻһЦǳԣطԼӦûʲôΣգ
УҶĴĿͣɽڲλãһƽ׵Ѫء
ͬһЩѪɫľʯΧγһͰѪѪ룬һҶʮԴСѪɫԲ״طС
ĿضѪɫԲҶȻ֣Լǰо򵽵Ȼȫⶫͷųء
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һܼľӰϳѪȻ˷ȥʱⷽԲʮصĴ󶴣µȺڸǡ
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ۿ׳۰Ȼô츳Ǳӭң̫үҸжˣԼǰȺӣҶЦ
ƴǰһͷɫ츳ޣҶĻӰһģûͣཫǵʲôˣѵ֪Ҫʲô
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ܱҶоԼеܲأԴѾе㷢ˣû취ޣ˭£ҲҶòȥ
ҶĺȻ𾪣ɫ츳޹һЦȫѪһŪԼıһ㡣
ѪɢȥȻıһˣһ弫Ϊǿ׳׶ߣ׵Ĵ󺺡
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㲻ţ״һۣȻͷŶҲԣμӿ˵ʥӰɣӦòʾ磬ʥ֪£㲻֪Ҳߣ˵ǷϻҲ֪Ѫһʲôߣ
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ʲô㻹ѪҺѪ꾧⣿ȴѪԱһʱ׺ĿȻŭ
ȡЩѪҺѪ꾧Ѫָﲹǰķ˿΢Щƫɫ֮У˸ŵԥκŵãҴӦ㣡
ѪһѪӦҶҪ󣬱ǵɴ۾ȻѪ
û뵽ѪȻӦҶ
һԵһЩ̽ϸߵҲ˻޴һ㵵Ŀ⣬أҲû뵽ѪȻӦҶɣ
ѪѪ׾üһ壬Ѫһۣͫףĺ⣬С
ܵѪеĺ⣬Ѫ׵˵СֻϺĳʹ
һѪӦԼҶһϲûѪͦ˵ģź촽еĶѪ֪Ի٣
٣ԣѪ۽һĨǳǳļЦǲ֪ѪҺѪ꾧ļֵ˵еѪ֮治֪ΪʲôΪ㣿
ҶĻѪȴüͷ΢΢𣬳˺һᣬӵغĳصһ̧ͷѪҺȡʮΣѪ꾧ȡʮ飡
ѪĻոѿڣΧѪ׵һЩαǵɴ۾ȻѪֱӵͺ
ȻһԵҶҲ΢΢ƫͷһ˿㵣ȻѪ׵һЩ޵ȻҶĴ˼ȴǽȻ
Ѫ׵һЩһ㵵Ŀ⣬ôҲûѪȻ¡
Ҷ˴㵣ֻΪҲ̫˵ɣ
һӵҺ壬ѪȻֻԼʮΣһԥôãԼǲһëεһˣ
һҶϵɫѪĮôȡʮѪҺʮѪ꾧ѵˣ֪֪ϣ֪ж˾ҪõһѪҺһѪ꾧Ҳǲܣ
ҶЦʹɣŹѪʲôѪҺѪ꾧ȴǴûʶ㽫֮е޵ģҲǲ֪
Ҷһ޶ԵģѪߡһѨһֵۣѧԺ쵼ȡһѪҺѪ꾧Ҳ򲻿ܣСӣѵ֪ı֮𣿡
ҶһѪҺѪ꾧ʲôѵѧԺѪһǩЭԼΪЩȻǵòΪҪѪһǩʲôЭԼѵǶˣ
˭˵ǷˣߣǱ˭ѪЦһȻҺ꾧ʥ˹ɾڽ
Ҷͷ񡱵һʫʫƴʷǴʵľӣԼȻ
ֻҪģҶ䲻ˣ仰ȴһ伮ϿһΣµӡ
ԭ仰Ϊ챦Ϊ䣬ֻǼˣͼ٣Ѿ֪˿Ѫȴ˳
ѪЦЦҶ
Ҷ񡱵ţ޲Ͻ˵ġ
֪ѪҪҶζڣᾹͷʵ࣬ǰʦ˭֧֨᲻˵ҿ㹦ȷʵȻֹܴò˵һˣʦǾ˭
ҶпЦû뵽ѪȻѻͷ棬ԼеĻⰡԼⲿ֮㻹ûʶˣֻ⹦һƤëԼҲûʦҪԼ˵ˡ
ҶżοЦһֵزٺҵˣԼһλѴɫ˵ȴò˵Ҷ˵ѵ츳ȻѪƵһһ㶵ġ
Ҷ˵Ѫһ󣬼ҶʼɫŻ˵֪У㷽Ѿ
ҶһæʵѪ꾧ѪҺѪɣ


557 ʨӴ󿪿
Ѫĵһͷȴǳ̾˿ֻ֪ѪһӵҺ꾧ʥ˹ȴǲ֪ɵѪҺѪһҲʮõʱ⣬ȡôһΰ
XX㲻˵ЦɣһҶĿɿڴԼԱһѪҺκ󣬷𽥵Ļعе㲻ŵʮȡһΣһӵѪҺôһ£
ǺǣһӵѪҺȥƺǺܶģȴ֪һӵѪҺȴѪһдĻһôʱ䣡ѪǸ̾һ΢ЩįǷ񻹻һӵѪҺࣿ
ۻƺ治ˣǺðɣҾȡʮѪҺʮöѪ꾧ɣҶ̧ͷ޵ˣ죬ɴ
ʶ񣡡΢΢˵ͷѪһС׻˻֣ĵȥȡʮѪҺʮѪ꾧࣡
ѪĻָѪ׿Ц̾һƫͷҶһ˿ŭȴΡ
һѪСĶһ˹ʮһСƿ
ʮѪҺʮѪ꾧ЩƿˣȡˣСĵСƿѪ
Ǻǣˣұ㲻ˣƿ£ҶһӣʮöѪ֮ϡ
ѪһۣѪ΢΢ӻȡһ̣֮УһɫĹӣ΢⣬̵ĳ£ΪأѪױСĵĽѪ档
ѪѪҺѪ꾧֮մ֮ҪþƷʹ۹ЧҶһɻģѪ˵
㵵գգ۾ҶϽʶ̽ռָ֮УֱԼƿãź˿ûԼ
һҶʶѪͷˮĵѪⶫ֪ôãѪҺѪ꾧ȴֻ˵ǵʲôð
ʲôǵĹЧ֪˷ۣѪԱҶ⻰ʵЩᣬС˳飬޷޵صð죬ԡѪþ󣬾ʹһѪҺѪ꾧˭ܸⶫʲôҸұ֤Ǵ˵еҲƴģȻǵĹܺ󣬽ܾɱ˶ᱦˣ
˵Ͳ˵ɣбҪô𣿡ЦһҶҲֻ̾ϢҡҡͷԴתȥ
ιʲôƵҶľٶѪɵЩȻĵ
ҲˣȻǻȥѵֲٶ͵㱦ңҶûػص
㻹̰ᰡԣѪʱúݺһѪŭղŵõЩҪʱ䣬Ѫܹε챦㾹Ȼ㣿
ٺ٣ǻѪһҪңȻЩңҶһԾѪѪ΢Ц
ҶĻѪƬ̺Ҳ΢΢˵ͷû뵽࣬ͦģȻܲµ㣡
ʵһʼҲɻΪʲôҷǵɱңҺǧ˵ʲôΪЭ飬иƨãɱˣ˭ֻ֪ǰһΪǱӢϱүأҶٺһЦǣҿֻյŮӣԾֻڶˡ
ǺǣѪһȷ㣬ǲڵ㣬úúûȥŶѪһӣѨڵĹ΢΢˲ƵҶ˵ʱῴŶ
ѪõҶ΢΢һԺƬ̺ͻع΢ЦҲɫңʱʲô°ɣܼһģ
ͬʱҶҲаԵܼǸʲô壬Ǿ͵ÿԼˡ
СһǼթƻ˺ްѪεĶͷЦİɣҪ²ѵģЩغãʾˣرѪҺʱ֮⣬ãһЩҪ鷳ҿɲ
Ҳİɣһġ΢΢һЦҶһһⶴѨһۣ촽Ǳˣͣ
ֹ󣬽һ̤ѸٶŶڼٵԾȥ˶ѨҶĵ˼ɽʯʯϵĲٶûãŵʱµ·߼ϡ
ҶӰʧڶڣѪ΢Уĺâӹһ֮ǰçײһȭͷ΢΢յѵ뿪ǲǡ
ˣ˭ܶҪǲҺ֣ѪתѪ׵
ѪĻѪɫˡ
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ΪǲðգԾܶѪüһ壬˵ֻҪһ󣬴˾;ԲܴӦˡ
ѵ㿴ʵԶҪס׾ٵ£ѪһֻҪסѵԹѪһ壿
СӣʲôܸһԵ磡Ѫָ˶ͷεҪȥһԿͷģ
ܳʲôͷѪײÿɷҪǾǰԸСӣʮϣҲ
ѪײԼȰ̾ϢһᣬѪŵ࣬ûô򵥣뵨ǲǿֻὫԽŪԽ㣬ʵҲֻǱ濴ȥô򵥡οݴ˵Ĺ϶һĸڣʹõĹҵȻҲûʶĸϱ̬ģ⹦ȻҲ˵ʲôȴܿ϶ܹվ۷塣
ߣҿãѪҶⷬ߶۲ÿɷֻҪ׼ٹһ꣬Ҳ
ˣѾ˭ҲѪѪһۣ䵭ҪٲҵĻҾͽͻѪ塣
ѪĻѪҧҧȻ㾵ҪͻѪ壬ҲҪ
˵㲻ҾͽͻѪ壡ʱѪһչվһڰĽ䣬ҲҪȥҾɱ㣡
Ѫ׶ʱۣΪʲôѵ濴Ǹࣿ
ԣУҲ̻ɢѪһɱ⡣
ȻѪȴûô࣬ŭ֪֪˭ڹܵģ
ѪĮ
Ѫ׵أ
Ѫ䣬ҼȻѻˣ͹ҹܡ
Ѫ΢΢һŻŭҪ£ҲӦýѪһһడ
Ϊ˽봫˵еĴλ棬˵ٴҲѪϢ˿ȴûϣǴԽٽ֮ǰȾͽǽλĹؼһֻа˲˶ռһԺλ棬ͱ£
λ桱롰֣ѪͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣ飬ǾͲҪٹˣѪ磬˵һ£޵ĽɣѪͻȻתͷĳһ
Ѫһ䣬ֻӰһǰȻվһȫ¶ڵˣٶȿͬһ硣
ֵѪ繧Ѫһ󣬷ſڵɫģ˰ֻɫģʮֻ
ЩԡѪÿɹΪѪ޵𣬿ɱϴķ֮һȻöֻǴв֮⡣
ֻѧԺЩˣҲԽԽˣͽԡѪþڻԽԽ٣Ѫ䵭Уһ˿
ѪУֶ˵Ｅ֮⣺ȻˣǾѧԺʥҲһɣ£ͽѪȥ죡
Ѫȥնɱ࣬ˣԵѪͻȻ
㣿Ѫعͷ˵ɨѪһۣͽνѪ޻ͻɣʡҷ
Ѫ죬ڶ˶ţãҲӣ


558 
ԡѪþһïܵɭ֮С
ҶѸմȡĸ⣬ﹾĲסҧڳݲĵλ棬ôֳ˴λ⵽ʲô
ԼûСô˵ԼϢ뵽ҶüͷͻȻһ

ϴԭѩӥŶʱѩӥ˵ۣĪѩӥȡˣ
ֵ˺δѵСϣԼദôգСһҲûз
ĪԼ⣬ǰĪͨӡСڣţԽ룬ҶԽܡ
ȻԼϢִӺζϾЩһֱСദһģһãСɢϢҲԼմһǰ㡣
ЦǣһǰϢȻı⻹ҶҲѣ
ԼðôΣգôһϢҲֵˡ
ԭҶ뿪ǸѨʱҪŪѪʲôԼ⽫һڶѨ֮С
ϣҶʮһ֮󣬲յһּܣϺϢ֮Уһ־ĿֶΡ
ϣȴһΣ֮飬вͿԼʶ
ϾⶫҶֻҪһ⣬Ǿ͵ֱ˺ꡣ
ҪҶ϶Ѫ㷢Լ֮£ҲԼҲȥµġ
ڰееĸ̽ǣȿˮָ죬ڻѾõѾڲס·ϲ˲룬૵ôȻŪѪһԼͼλôһ¡ѧԺѪһ嵽ЭˣѪޣʥӣ΢۾ҶȻüˣЩСүʲô£ɱȥɱˣԼǹԼɣ
šʲôѪģϣ̫ˣҪʲôλ桯ǸѰ£СȡʱСүҲܲ˵ġҡҡͷҶЦ̫أɲȥ
ڡԡѪþԼ˵ûΣգѪƤ龹ȻϲʳʲôԼҲΪһЩˡ
ɱ֮ǰƺӦòˮԴʳ˰ϴεԤѾˡ˷ռָ֮дˮԴʳҶ̾һĿɨеͼͣھһı־֮ϡ
ƲƺЩԶ־Ҷ̲סü
ΰôһط߾Ȼֻһ֮ء૵Ƭ̺Ҷεҡҡͷͼսռָ֮С
ҰοһҶӣ󲽵ĶԶĲѸȥɽͼҲˣ˳ϲҡ
Ȼ·ϽжϸҶȴ˽죬Ǿ޴Ĳڿһǡ
ŻԼǰĲҶ΢УĬƬ̣Ȼſʼ̧ȥ
ӼªãɫǰתͷѪһۣ֮һ
һ꣬Ȼ굽ѪһϳȥˣһһЩΪ֪ܣǺ˻ǵùЦһҶһ̤߽˲֮С
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֪з硭ʥһﵽ߼ģҲ˵ģԣҲ˰֣΢Ц
Ǻǣ⣬Ȼá֪ܷ׼һ䰲ķ䣿δڼ䣬κ˴ңԼҶöԪЦ
ٺ٣û⣬ɡ˵ͷӴ߳һȥҶϡ
ţһ˳й΢ƫŽӵһξ룬Ȼͣȵײһ֮⡣
ƿţĵƹ֮ڣھɨԵʣȥΪ࣬ΪʱסĵطҲ
ţطˡ߽䣬ҶĹЦŵ˵ͷ
СֵܣʲôԸɣӴЦʵ
Ŷ㻹׼һܵĸˮԥһҶֽŵǧǵòҪ˵Ĵң
Ӵ΢Цʱ䣬СֵܣõҪİΧԲ˴㡣
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ûмϢ̶֣Ųӽһ飬κϸСĽ䣬ᱻϸļһ飬ð֮󣬼ϵҶ˴ϡ
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һҹ£ܿȥʱжˡ۾ҶӴˮս֮Уһ۷ΧȻ󻺻˳ȥ߽֡
߽ӣѪʱվԭأŲ֮ҶˬһЦתʧľ֮С
ĺѪɭ֮УһСĵţѪ˫ͫǿֻţսսزϾɨȻɭĹ󣬵ȴԵô
ٴοСһСξ룬ںͷʳɵ֭Һ֮ʱʱһ׵Ӱ͵ϱ¡
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ɹһƯϮɱͷȫɫۼ׵ޣĵһ̬Ǵݡ
곹׵̽ڣɫٴѰµĿ꣬ȴ
أ΢죬ھɫ޲ԶҶȻգʱƬССĵطϣ˿Ҷ꣬޻˿Ҷֱð
ͻȻıʣɫ޾üæˣȻոյˣһӰ͵ԿҶ֮б̺׺ȭͷݺݵĶǰԴȥ
׺ľõ޻ۼ׶ʱУһ޺һɰɫ˳
ת˲䣬㽫ӰУȻ˴ΣİȴδȡЧֻӰ֮ϣɫĹâһδܶӰ壬һƬɢ
źȻЧɫ޼æתʼ
ӰǾȻӴܵޣɵЦһƺȻһŤȻ̤ڵ֮ϣһȣе͵͵Ĵ
ź£޿ݵٶȻֹһ죬ӲͷȻǺȻѿ䡣
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Ҷ֮ȽԡѪþǰƺһӲʵĸоңƺҲйѪɱ֮ζ
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ôôΧߣһô࿼߸ϵһǲ봥ҲˣʽѵѪµʲôѪʵʩˣ˲ѴɣɱЩߣҶֹѡ
ϸ۲һޣϸϸֱǵʵԼȣ÷Ѷʱ䣬ϾͬΪ࣬ԼҶҲԸǲ
Щ޿ҪϳЩʱҶٳɣڼУһϸϸɫâȻǰȥ
˲ϢǧףϢͷֻ£ڴ޺޲ǰΪ˴ﵽһЧҶͷһʱ㽫«䷢͵Ϯ
һսĸһֻڵ͵ϮֶΣԶֻǰ˼ŽǰӴܵʮʳԼ¾ͿԽѪˡ
ʱ򣬡͡׵ģǰһ˿⣬ȻͻȻһ£һбָ


559 Χ
ղ˿ʲô֣ôͻȻ֣ѵǻþ̲͵ĴͷһɫŹֵš
Լ뷨ʵЩЦҡҡͷȥЩ飬һҡͷڵͻȻķ룬һȻǰټţһ򱻺ӵޣ̤顣
ô᣿һֻҪѪ޵ޣôܻնɱҡֻҲԼȻ
ҶһͷΪδͣһޣһϬƥɫնգΩһ˿ϸϸġĹӰǣʮֻòɢ
໣໣໡ʮֻ޲ҽͬʱӴҲڼУΪΣű㻯Ϊһɫ
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ȥҲֻôˡ
תȴȻͣתתͫһ˿ƻĹâҧһ㣬ùƳһѪڿС
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ҶЩ¶һ˿ơɫЦݣȡȡû£Ϣһͺá
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Ҷϸ꣬Ƭ̺ͷŵĵӣݴã󼰣ңһ֪ܲ
ֵʵ̫ǫˣղȻûп̣Ҳֵ֪ƴԼˣһٲżʮֻ츳ǱޣЩӶǣǣּεѾЩѡ
λûȴ˰ˣҾͲˡ˵꣬ҶԶԷнӹڶͬʱȻȻĽû뵽װˣȻԶĺöҶǲŹ˵׼ԺԼҪˣ
Ҷ۾ˡ˻ԾţԶ뿪һķΧȵϲã˷ܣǵס
װϢһ󣬹ƺתĳ̶ȣҶ˫ۣҵ϶һ˿Ѫɫ޹Ҳ˼˿ɣӱ濴ƺ˲١
ֵܸоôҶһæǰʺ
ѾöˣȻ鴫ЧǷԭʹǼǾ֮ľĵָܻһżҸо˴룬ò˼գȫҶһҴ
ʱҲ׷ǰҶл֮
̸ܣҶǰ˵˸ŵ˽⣬Ҷ۵ֻˡ
һ˱ͳϯ࣬һһǰԼǸӷƼϵӵƣƼȻȲЩңҲ쳯֮УΪļ֮һ
˵Ϊӽʵľ磬һɿֲܴ֮ʮǰ
΢ЦӦ˵лҶתӣǳؽԼնɱȡ󣬵ЦλллĻͲҪ˵ˣһ£ʹ˸ˣ
ȻͷҪ뿪ҶһٶŪһ㶣Ȼعֵܣһ¡
Ҷתͷͷüͷһ壬Լɲ鷳ˣѾ־ˣӦ֪˰ɡ
˹΢ЦֵܣôʲôȻҲ֪ԡѪþʲô£ȴһ죬Щ츳ǱƴĽһطϣǲòɣһȴǺ֣ɵ˵һϵʥӣǾͻû£ֵ㻹Ǻװɣٺ٣
Ҷüͷһ壬ҪһһǺԥľܾӵİҶһȴǵ˵ͷ
ðɣҲҪزˣһɣҶЦЦٶ˵ˡ
ӴϲֵܣǺõû˵ٺ٣һǳмġ
ͻȻӿڵӣڴֶǲҲӦýĲػŪﳢʣ
ʣҶ΢΢ɻԡѪþ棬ЩɻʲôʿɳĪǡ뵽⣬ҶĿһۡ
ӣɫһ䣬ƺԱ˽ӡе㲻ԿҶɨӹĿ⣬ȴչһЦãҪȥˣҾһ٣
˵仰аһһɳĺɫǰǻƹһ
ֻϾȻһĽƵĿҰڷϣ⵶Цһһ⣬ǷŽӵֵûУ
չৡĻ¿⣬չķϣӽӿЦ⣬йƣҲҪ򣬷и˲ԣˡ
ҶûطȻܼҰֶЩԺ춼ЩɻǵˣȴֱֹӵǴŪֶģӣ춼Ķԣ
Լк˴һѾҶ̲סʵЩǴŪģ
˿⣬һ׹ƹԵñһҶʣƴ¿еĶһЦֵڽԡѪþõһĻϢ֪طûɶԵģٺ٣˽Դ˵
Ȼ˵⣬Ҷȴ΢΢һӵıƺе
ҶԾģԱߵȴǶһʲôһڿԺݣȻǿ֪
ԭ˵ͷԭƾȹϵҶҲȻˡ
̧ͷЩԱߴſˮȴԼˣҶ΢΢һЦҶʲôȻͣͳ԰ɣǺǣ
˵굱Ⱦӣʰһ鿾ĽƵڳû뵽ŹƣҶֱ̾Լûа׾ȣ
һҶˣǽƵƤ⣬˱ǵ紫ܵסҲͲٿ̷ʳ״̬
ֻȴʱʱÿ⣬ֶ˱ƣǰȥϸ׽Կ⣬ͺȿڹƣʱʱ̾
۾ȥ̲סڵ˿ĭӣʲôóԣ


560 ǰ
ӴЦٺ٣óԣǲóԡԵøζ
ǺףȻվ鲻ԽһЦӷģүģСүжԡ
˵ȡһˮһݺݵҧǹɺݾֻǽеĸ⵱ӵһ⡣
˶̲סꡱЦѪУɭŵգʱ࣬ҶҲҡͷЦЦ
һٿееĳ飬еĳ飬ЩƽճԹɽ亣ζĸүС㣬ȴ⿾ҲԵýζҶһۣЦֱղ֪⵰ԭζٺ٣ҲԱˣǲ·ˣ
Ҷ΢Ц˵仰󣬾վ
һֽǵĨϲͷõģھͳɣطһҲˣ
Ҷ˵ͷֱӼǰ󱳶ˣֱ˵ߣ̫ԶˣҪȻ츳Ǳ޵ϮҿԮ
һһתҶһҶıڡ
;УӣȼҲ֪Ҷ֣ȴû뵽һгҶȻӵ˫ϵһһһ꣬꣬Ҷʱû⡣
ֻ꣬ڰ֮ͬеһŮӣһ·ھҶⲶ׽͵ǸŮӵĴͲ°ٴΡ
һҶ۾ԣҶЦЦ֪ȴǡڡһ£һӴӶˡ
ӣҶҡҡͷ׷ǸŮǲһϣˡ
һ·ϣ֪⻹⣬ǸŮ޿Ҷ
ڿҶʼնԼûзӦ֮ڻص˶С
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һ·ϳߴߴ⣬Ҷ˵Ļˡ
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żŵѪ֮УΪҶĴڣһƬؼ侹ȻֳһƬͣһһ·֮ϲû޵Ϯһ·ھϲҽеӶ·Ҳ˯ˡ
ҶڵϣжűƣŸʱʱһڣ˫עŴѪɫգ΢ᣬþͷ·˵ְḧҶ
ʱƬͻȻһҫ۵Ĺâ
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Źâӱҹյǿâһõβͣʣޱ޾Ϸ
âĳ֣ԡѪþзˣѪƷâվȻɲ޹⣬޾Ѫֶ£ĻɭȻֲϢ˲ԡѪþ֮С
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ʱԡѪþƬؼ侲Щ£˿춼ûУһĳš
Ѫܵ˹Ĳɣ·ʱնһУһ˵ĸоì
Ѫֵͨ޾Ѫʼ£ȥѪɡ
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ʱӺҲеһվ˲ʵ۾ĿȥȴҶоƱǱİɫ
ӳɵȥľ˯ϯ϶Ųİ죬֪Լһʱۻ
ʱӺȻԾϯȥֻһָۣ죬ͬؽ죡죡ˣ
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ʱƬӽ˼˯ͬģ㿴ңҿ㣬Щ֪롣
Ȼ֪ΪΣ˶亹þֹֹס˯ȥøɸɾ
˿̣ѪͨȶһѪббϣ޺ݣŨޣһεεĵ䣬ͬѪҺ
ŨƺѪƺÿһ˵ĺȫǿɬѪ
ɫҰףһʱӺͻȻʲôдеԡѪͨûǾԡѪͨǽԡѪþһµڣԡѪþͨǳȥ֮ʱ
˵仰ѪͨѪŭţѪ죬ɽѪľɫӳ£׹ĵѪʯޡ
һݵѪѪͨӹѪصһγѪݵ𽥸˵档
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ߵͨľͷʱһ˫ϸַѪĶһ˱ʧǳԡѪþˡ
ǳȥͨ˿һĻȴϲ˾˷ܡ
Ǵ˷еͻȻɫһ䣬еãԡѪͨʱƣֻʱ䣬ھڣҲж·̣
ʲôֻжʱ䣿һ̲סģʲô֮ͨʱѵкһⶼ޹֮ˣ
ӵĻҲǾŭޱȣһ˴еôʱ䣬ǳܲϢҲж·̣ȥˣ
ѵطǳ뺦ǣѩҲŭؽе
ӷŭصǰģǰѪǰһʾֻβ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰЩ츳ǱޣҾͲе㲻ˣû뵽ѪĿҲֵ쳣
Ҷ󣬱ΪԼ򵥵ɻȥˣû뵽ԡѪþоȻֱᷢʣһ˶Ӻ㲻֪ĻϢ⵽ô£˵
һ˾ȻԵ޹ʽԼϣ΢΢һ㶺󣬱ǴŭѾģǲǷˣүҪ֪ô£Ʋųȥˣ
Ҫ˵ˣҲüҶ˳֣
һҶôһ˵ѾȷҪŲ﷽ȥʱҶȻһɲõԤС
סȥˣվˣֻһҡд˶ûп壬һѾˡ
ʱҲнкҪߣιȰǰȥ˲˵ʲôһӣѤõػĻ˲ֶȥеס

֮Ĵҽ֮޵ĽкʺѪϷѪһн֯һ˵Ŀֲ
ˣЩѪˣͻȻһЩ˾ֵĴš
Ҷһ̧ͷޱȷïѪɫľȥ˿һƬɭеľѪз趯
Ի޵沿е֦ǻһ㣬סղŲ˵壬֮ʴսڡ
һ˱˴˿һۣǶоЩɭһʵ̫аˣ޷⡣
𡭡޺𲻶ϣкȻ˵Ĳҽ֮͸ѹѹѪƴ˵Ŀֲ¡
ķѪˣһɱ¾
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ʲôѵҶѪ֮գһɱ¾֮գʱֵ˽Ҫ棬ٺ٣Ҫ£̵ģҺһ¼ϵʥӣЩѪǲǳֵġ
ӻͷҶִֵܲܽסңֻܱ
ãҶӦһһĺɫֿ󣬽ܵʮȫ˽
ȻҶչЩѪɫ֦һ־˻ȥҿԲ飬˿
Ҷ⵭֣΢ЦҺһܸıɫȻԼ뱩¶ʵǰ£ỹ治֪ô졣
ѩƵһ仰
졭Ѫֻ𣿡˵ڲǲûʱˣ
Ǳ;ж·̣ǼϼӼֳ֮ôѪȻҶػЩѪṥǣҲ·裬һʱҲϲڡ
һЩҶʱЩ˿ҶЩ˵ѵעҪ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿һɫԥһᣬҧˣȻ˵ҪǳȥͲ
һϲֵܣѵ㻹ʲô취ֻҪܽҾȳﶼмġ


561 ɼ
취Уȴе鷳취Ҳÿ˶õģģлҶû˵ҲʶȤû׷ʡ
ȷʵЩ鷳Ҷʹ֮ȫתȻź˵ڰǵעҵڣʲôҲùˣ
ҰҶֵ˵ȥɣȻתǴɣӦҶֲẦǡûκԥһעҶڡ
΢΢һڿҲٻĸעԼҲж
һתһϻΪҶԼ
ܵȫըҶ˫źݺݵһŵ棬䡭һӲըˣҶҲŵڵ㣬һӰǰȥ
ÿٶȣһĻ󷽴Щ˻ϲ˾죬ͬ
ȴ΢΢һٶȣʱ䣬Ӧܸϵ˰ɣ
нԶֻѪɫУһŴѪչ֦УƺܼȣԸⵢκһʱ䣬һ·ⲻϣûһͣ١
Ѿп˰죬ǰѪľԽԽܼ޾Ѫ֦յĵǰĵ·ϣҲʹҶٶ˲١
һ·ϣִѪɫףʱʱɰǧһûХϡ
ʱ䣬ҶһѾ˼ʮˣΪⲻҪ鷳ҶǼ֮
ѪɫУῴѩ׵˹ǣ඼Ѫ˿Ȼ޸ʳĹǼܣӳѪɫֲݼԵøֲ
һУҶ֪ԡѪþУ˭˭ˣ뱻֮ĹϵҶҲŪˡ
˲֪Ҷ룬ȻҲ֪Ҷ֪Щǲ֪ܣֻһ·ϿһУľ
֮Ҷַһ޼սĳأԭһƬïֵܵأƬ׵ĨƽˣһصĲ֦Ҷ
ǽֵϣ˴ƬƬѪвɫӦġ
һУҵɫǳÿ
ǰˣͻȻ֪˭һдҶʱ̧ͷǰȥȻǰһһŮˣеЩѪɫ֦Ĳš
ǶƣҲ־ò˶ˣҶǵĳ֣ΪѪķֻǳ顣
ʱﶼҶȴ⡭
ӣ˵һ£Ҷһ˵꣬ͼǱֻ˹ȥ
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Աûвµؼ˳ԾŴͣû뵽ӾȻ˲ֱӽ˳˽
˭쵰ϷŪүекٴӳ߳ŭҪӺһʱ
ʲôУҪ͸ҹԹԵĴǱ𶯣ȻСүٽӳȥƵ˵
ʷȵãס֣˼ھǣͬӶŮζյؽסǳǰк
ߣкݺݵĵһۺ󣬻صŮߡ
ѽ㻹ҡߡǲڶʲô˼ѵүһ٣˵ţЦĴǸˣүʥӣô£һָͷʹ㡣
ģкɫҾɱҲԸȣ
ǰҶҡҡͷڿڵˣˣҪǵģҲˣȥǰĴɣ
˵Ҷһ٣սҲʶȤûҪ˵ˣѧŴضҶڡ

ǰȥˣ·;Ҷһ˼ΣļҲС
һ죬ȻûֳټѪȴǿʼֵ
ʱҶҲһҲͣˣɿ쳯ԶȥԼɲطһ·һзһ㣬ĵȥ
ɿּ䴩Уһ·ּѪгȥͣ
ò˵ԡѪþķǳһռˣվһѪܲɽϣҶ˿Ϊ˿ѾԼˣҿҡ
ԶϲԼԼԼһϲòѣҶȴ΢΢̾Ϣһ
ʵʽԡѪþǧ˶࣬ĿǰŲҲᳬʮˣټԼһ·ѪдˣҲᳬˣνء
ԡѪþ궼νͬеţ˶Ѿλ磬Щ˶Ǿϸѡġ
ϸ˵ԡѪþǧɶ½ϵǿ߰ھȻôǹϧġ
ܻһٶˣԡѪþһµĥѣνһαش
̶һ£ޣȻ˾ûͻƣʵȴӦͻˣԱҪǿĳɾͲ
ŵЩٻص½ԻΪ֯з˲ţҪѧԺˣе㲻ܡ
ҪˣǲӦöЩȡȥͻȻ󺰵
ҶѩƵ˵߰ɣȳȥһе£ҪѪһˡ˵꣬ҶһڴĿɿڴɫѪ֮С
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ʲôôỹҪѪ֣ǲѵ֣Ǹˣֽȥȥˣ
Ҷ֣һƾ٣ʾµģһʱ벻ףһתҵغ
Ҳǲ֪ΰźãѪ˻ֵһҪúõػųһȥʥԺġ
ЩҶпЦǴسѪ⺰߰ɣһȥģ
Ҫˣ˶ЩǸϽȥɡҶѪ֮У˴󺰵
ӴѪȥǰҪշɶɣһҪȡǵʥѫ£ΪѪϣǿжصûʥѫµıȻ̷ǡ
û˸Цȡʥѫ£ɵ̤ݣ̤һԡѪͨ
ʱҶȴѪзĿѪΪ俳һѪʱȻвһַǳϤĶѪҺ
Ҷ֪ѪѪҺʱҲһȣЩһѪҺҺԣҿ϶ѪкѪҺ
һѪϺҶʱ۾һֻһѪ˿ߣȻôԼϵѪƮ˳
Ȼ٣úٻһѪҺ֮һҶϲ⣬æȡƿһ˿̬ѪҺС
ȻͶĿִ֮У֪˶ãҶֽһ˿̬ѪҺƿ֮
ͻȻ̧ͷ˿ϿǲѾһѪüͷ΢壬૵Уûʱˣȥȡ˿һѪҺ
ΪСүƴˣҶ΢΢һҧһںϣ«Ҳ֮Уһȫ
Ӷ«ΧѪɨĿв𵴿
䡣
һششضսǷ˵һ㣬֪ԶƬڵĲжôľҡ
ѪӾ̻ͷ·Ѫȥ
ôڸʲôӷǳľȵ૵λַ־춯صľУʲô
ôˣҿͻȻԱߣƿƾŸо֪ҶĶ
һƬ̳ĵشվڸ߿տؿǰľֻǰһƬƬ־Ȼˡ
һӰܹٶȿ쵽˼㣬һ׹ڳһ㣬֮һƬӷ鿪
Ҷһ·ľ飬ľʯŽһƬ־Ȼٳһش·
Ӹоһţʵ̫ˣȼ˾Ȼ˴ĶѩƶһۣЦһתѪľ
գζĺ磬Ѫɫɳ̲ˮһƬ嶼Ǻɫġ
ɳ̲֮ϣһ׺ͷȥʱʱĿһѪĵĳڣԡѪͨѿҪرˣص˻û⽹
ٹ˰ʱͨڳ߳ɵ⣬ڵδټͨرյʱ䣬ֻʣһʱˡ
ͻȻͨڴӰһΣһһŮ˳ͷʱ¶ϲɫ˵Ӻʧˡ
ʱĶȴһŮߵͷǰʩһ󣬾ɳ̲޴˹ȥһŮȴȥһѧԺ
ٹ˰ʱͨڳ߳Уʥ⣬ͷ֮δټͨرյʱ䣬ֻʣһСʱˡ
ʱ׷ͷһ˻һۣ΢΢¶֮ɫСӿǹϵǵǰ;
Сӹ棬ϴʧһʥӱɱˣɾҪԲ˶ˡ


562 ı
ȻʱѪ֮УҶȴǻɫâڷ񿳷һÿѪ«ХϣѪųŵĵھҵĲѪֱҶ׷ɣ޻ſֱӡ
Ҷųս«裬һɹɽ쫷ɢʱѪ۶ϣѪķ飬Ѫ֮УеҶ֮ɵھ޴ĺУﲻԶƬѪֲѾݻˡ
ֹһʱҶȻͣͻȻۡһ³һѪĨȥǵѪЦһ£û뵽ںϵĺ֢ô졣
ҶһѤöĿѪҺȴοЦһЦСηƿ֮
ʣһΣûκԥѪҺ븹УɲǼ䣬ҶоеͬʱһӿȵԪھҳ
ѪҺһڣͻΪһϸСѪɫâҶĺ࣬ת
£Ѫ⡢อ·ͽ޾
һڷ֢ȴʧˡ
ѪҺ湦ЧҶƺ֪û¶ı飬̧ͷһеѪҶͻȻɫһ䣬һá
˫źݺһ̤棬ȫΪһ׹Ųȥ
ȴǴʱѪɫͨѾ׹ǰƽȵѪɫ֮ͨϣȴѪɫĴ˷ѣѪ˵ķѪɫͨѾʼԶ׼ѪѿҪرˡ
̤һ⣬縡Ӱһ㣬ɲǼʹѪ֣Ѿֻĥ̴СѪܵ
Ҷûκԥٴγںϣٶٴαɲ뱻߷Хֻ֮ͻȻһ޵İ׹⣬ԾѪݣȻѱֻͷСѪĶڳȥ
ŻڽСĶڣҶһһһ֣һ˲ںϣһݺύѪɫѺѾ
ס崫ʹҶ߾ȫͻȻ廯һǰȥ
ԡѪþѪɫɳ̲ϣͻȻһޱȰĿµĳɳ̲ϻȻ˿
䣡
ſµɳ籩Ѫɫɳ̲ϳһ޴Ĵ󶴣ҶǺݺݵУٴ
ҶȻΧľĵһƬײϼˤڵء
ȻҶȴĨȥǵѪӵ޼ʵˮѪɫɳ̲ظЦЦԼǳˡ
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Щϼһ˵ЩҶһȻνǹͷ񣬵ͷߣνиˣ˱ط֮
ԼǸ֮ˣȻЩֻѧԺ㵭ЩҲȴЩֶΡ
Լ֪˲ʣѹŹ֣һĺļһǾ͸Σˣһ䡰δǿɱҡСͻΣա
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ЩȻĳǣҶֻðû뵽˺ʥӣȻЮβˣΰҺڻû֪һʮһǵʣ
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ҶģҶ΢΢ЦЦһʥӶѧԺܹɵӰʵ̫޴
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ЩҶͷ΢۾һȣæͷȥӹԺеͷҲأ߳˷š
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߹ССѧԺͨʥԺ֮һ麣ҲѧԺͼݣΡȻܾżӴ߸Ƕһǵ
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λǧҪᣬҼСλ˿⣬ֻҼСþƽټˣ⼸ͬȥ¶в㡣ŮһֽۣŵҼСϲЩնЩʫʣʱҼСԳ⣬ܽߣڣȻֻ˻ȥˡ
Ů䣬һЦӵأһ˲·ƮƮȻ֮ǰŮ΢΢һЦдʫôãٺ٣Ҳô˵ҺСҲ֪ˣɣ
˼չûԾ
ҶеЦȻˣҲǱԼһ뵽ҲֻһЦ֮
ೲĻһ·ƵģҲ˼Ū
ԣƤ̣Ȼȵ˵˭
ೲĻȻϲװɵҲû취ү⻰ѵô
ɫȻģĳһ㰭ۣԺ󶨺úúһˡ
˺ǰʲô϶ԴӸһʼ棬ͱ˴˿Է˳ۣ
ೲĻȴûŭЦʱ㣬ĳƽˮǰ˿齣ӣҺɷǣԺ̧ͷˣ
ԣĶ³֪£²ˡ
תһƣŭĿţĿ棬֮һľæۡ
ೲĻ֮Ҳǧ˷ų
Ҷ˵ԣӲת١
ҶҲɱй˺һ΢ţӵȥЩѹһʱ䣬Ӵ˿һ亹
ɾʱһЦ˳紫λСŮﲻǶҰ֣ӯöͬʣнŵնٽ⡣
˫üбɣȫϢһպЦС㣬ˣһõȣһ¾ףɽӦòϢĩһ³һɽƲȥ
Ҷ̲סһ˿Цȴ롣
ٷǸԸ˼ԼòأʲôɵĵֻһֶĸӸˣʲôСڲֳټҲͼֲˡ
ʱöŮƽԵǿ͡ҼȻˣɶĿˣ˭ˣҲ˴֮
ೲĻĬʱ̾С㣬ֲ֪շһֱҲͷٲһȻ˵ˣҲܲ顣
˵ೲĻŷ
ֻߣңȻҲСӣ


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С⣡
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Цˮ紺У׷Ԧ絴Ҷķ䣬֪ϲС⣿
ɧ˲žǻȻˮ紺УָǴʱˮ׷Ԧָ絴ҶҲָҶ֮𣬸ǽ˻ˣЩʲôǣʫУ˵˵ȥ벻һ硯֣ҲǷԼУֲѧǾˡ
˶˶٣ֻɶͻȻ̾Ϣãšš֮ƣһСŮӴۼˣ繫
ЦһҪڣೲĻЦСӺαż걾үʫʣһȥҲǲ١
俴ೲĻֹۣǰҪһʲôʫ
һĬೲĻ˷ܻ꣬˷磬Ū£ɷ羰
ˣͻȻЩˡꡱЦ׷׽кá
һûŪʫ֮⣬ɻҶ֣ЦʲôѵʫĲôΪʲôҪкã
ҶǿЦô᲻ãֱǾˣ
ӸӲȻʫôãǶЦʲô
Ҷ˷ܻ꣬˷磬Ū£ɷ羰ʫĸ硯ֳɵģвļ仯β֮⣬ǽʲô˸Ѫͷ˵ʫ˲Цкô
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ˣೲĻӶɣʱɶҲǿЦ⣬ڵ
ղŵĴʫѣĳڴлˣʫĽೲĻͻȻЦȽ˹֮УµղʫೲĻģˡ
һ俴ڳеһۣƺҪҳʫġס϶ɻһ߽˹֮С
ּʮӸȿֺʫ˹֮УȴԽԽԽоԽҳһţһƽʱԺֹˣʱǻʲôʫ
Ǽ߳㺹飬ͻҶһƵģһæҶһµҶ֣ܷʫһס
ҶЦЦӣͻȻֹ˼䡣
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˵ԭӳֵȺʫҲǰ֮ȫȻӾȻĲŻ
ɶʫһ飬ԾɳľУþδζ
Ҳû뵽ʫȻŪôĶ˴󣬻عϲɫٻͷҶ¶֮ɫʫҶģ˵λֵܱ֮ʲôšӡšˡ
һֱվԭأûʲôӣҲǳУ԰ΣãŴĿһۣ̾ʫһף֪ǰСˡ
ңңٺ٣һۣ͵ҶһۣȻһ΢Ц飬Ҳٲ˹֮С
ֻȡһŽɫֽţָϹâ㣬γһ֣һϺ󣬾ֱӽֽݸһԵŮ
Ůӹֽſ˿Ҳһ˿ɫ˵ͷʾӿԽȥˡ
Ӵ˾٣˿ܶôףҶȴǲµһ
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ӵҶ˵ʫɵľ֮ʫʲôȻûʲôϷˣһֱ׼õʫ˿̶ЩҶڴ˿֮ǰıɡ
Ȼ֪ЩЩ뷨ҲֻҶһתţû˼˷Щ档
Ҳƴһ׾ɫʫ˹֮С
ʰĸɾģ̴һȥΪ֮һ
ǽ϶ֻҶʥԺѧһ۹⣬ԼЩֻǵӵīּ
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ʱǰķೲĻӵ˶ڱǰۿЩֻһĶŵ顣
ҶǽֻһƽȥЩȻĶǽϵһֻҶ˹ȥӣôˣ
ͻȻҶæתӣ¶Цݣ˿ֵܣɽˣһΪ㲻˵ģǴᣬҿɾҪܴˡ
ܴˣҶɻθܷ
ĿۣҶղһɶͶܴң˵ĽҵѧʶԼȥЩѧʡ
ҶһתٺٵȻĺôü
ӿЦһȥɶҶ룬ҶԼĽǷǳʫʣ¹һ̣㱻ɶ˳
УЩѰˣҶȻ˵ҲЩˡ
Լӵʫȴʵ䷴ˡ
һһѾߵ乫ӣҼС롣
һ⻰ೲĻӵ˷׷ҲҪȥѾȴסǵҼС˵λԵƬ̣乫ӽ̸꣬Իǽȥġ
ʲôһ˽ȥһվеܹһļ
գӵ˱ˣҲôŪɣ˴ʱ׷һͷһӵϣ
ͻȻܿеɱӴ˺ΪƲԼеʵ෨æСϲ˵ЦҿǴһȥɣ
ʵʵĵĻһ뵽˶Уζɾͱˡ
еɱԽԽأͻղԣæĿڵȻСʢȴȥҲ̫ʶʵˣСҶӣүһȥɡӶҶ˸ɫ
СҶӣһ⻰Ҷж񺮣޲𣬱һ٣Ӿ㽫ɸʹҲýСҶӡɣǻʹԺЩ޸˵ĳƺš
ѾҶһۣ΢Ц乫ӵļҴô
԰԰Ӽæ͵ҼҵˣȥСѧʣҲðҴһ
ѾһתȻҲУһ
ҶԱƵģȴҪ¶ЦݣȻʲôҲû˵ȴųȥô㣬һﾹȻ潫ūˡ
һʱûô࣬ǼͷûҶһ˿û취㶨ɶֻҶܸԼһѾ˵ֻһ㼱æʲô
ѾĲ׼һ첻ɶԣ۲·ɳûҼСԸ̧ͷ
ҿĲ׼̫սˣֻҤӣѵģȻ칬ʥһҶҲû룬ָճڣס졣
͵ȤѾЦ乫ɣ
ת˸Ҷϴˣϴίһ£ºҶô
Ҷεķ˷ӸѾ˶¥һӣһһѾӵ乫ӣ롣
ǰ棬Ҷ룬ҲҪȥѾȴסҼС˵ֹš
⻰˵Ҷһ㶣˵ͲȥɶôԼôӣҲЩˬĵקʲôСҪʱӻһȥˡ
ҶǱԼһȥǸѧŵ֮Ůֻÿ׳õҧ档
ҶǷͬȡ飬Цһ￪ʼʫʱͦɧôôᣬľ̳һѵɶ˿¡
Ҷ벻ףҲȥ룬һʵЩˡ
˼Ѿϵˮ裬ͻȻһʣĪң̫ƫٳʡһʱ䣡
һϣػӴʣϣҪ߶һȴһŮӵݴʣһʱ䣡Ҷӣôҵô
Ҷ΢΢һΰת۹⶯ȴ֮ⷿڣͻȻһˡ


572 ɶ
ǸŮһȥȣɣĿĹ֮£ͻӵĸо
ɶͻȻƮϢҶоȻȻ֪˭Ϊʵ벻⹬֮У˵ɶ˭ôס
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ɶƻõҶҲе΢΢ЩϢ
ɶȻˣĹУŮٷɶ
ɶ˾ء׷ԭģ
Ҷӣûش˼ҵĻˣɶЦȻõ˹ߵԽҶԽ޲ɷǼԵѸˡ
Ҷ˿ڲ裬ѹе컣λ֮ŮƽصԭС˵ʵЩܳ
͵ұסֹ˵̫ЩҾôһ䣬ֻǾһ䣬ҶҲδ̫Ĳˡɶ绪Ͷ䣬̬֮
ôҶ΢ЦСɲҪᣬҿû˿˼;ɣպױӭ£ʡһʱ䡣ֻЩŮӵģСĴڣȻڴ
ԣɶ֮¶һ˿ɫϲǣֿȻˣòĵֻ֪ɵ׷ֽ֡ԡ¥塢ݵĳǣЩŮĵʹ࣬м
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Ȼ˵ˣҶҲЦҼүҵȻҪˣС㣬㲻ȥҼүңΪΣ
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С㣬֮ǰ˵̬ⷬԱ˻ã֪֮С㻹˵˵ʲôɡҶֱԲĵ
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ɶĿһ˿֮ɫЦŵȻ˵ˣҲˣʵҹӣЩʫʡϵ飬Ҫ̡
Ҷֵʵäˣ䣬ֻѧǮĳ̶ȣ˵ʫʣǸһϲͨ
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ۿôأû°ɡеˣҶɵˣԼֻѾͷԼ붺һѾͷû뵽Ի֮ķɾȻôء
еŮҶǰ仰һ죬емȴĿɱףСһĵúϷŪһء
ԼɣµɶٿǼӲĵһۣҶûɵһ̣׹صɲǼ䣬ٵĳ˹ȥ
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Ҷ󾪣ӳ˫һ壬תһѣɢǹ֮ǺסһҶĿȥ֪ʱ֮һӣ͸֮⡣
֮֡ˮģ˫ϵߣҶ΢ŭǱϵΪʲôҪңʱҶҲе㰵ԾССһ֮أǱϵɵ治һͨĵط
ӼҶߣǾȣټ糣Ծ


573 
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Ҷˮ˵طһ˹ȥɶ
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ҶŮûʲôֿ亱ĴŮ΢΢һҧа׹һΡѪҺһС
ûɱ⣬үĹ㣬ˣֵסĶͷõѪâԡ֮ѪҺɶڣƴˣָ
һᣬ΢΢ָһЩɶ̧ͷҶһۣĿһĨʣ漴һƬƽ顣
ãɶվҶžϹ˵лӾ֮СŮӶĵ빫˵βùҪСŮӵҲ޲ɡ
ôҶĬƬ̣ҲףҾͲҪˣԶһְɡ
ԣ޲ɫɶɫˢزҰףȻһЦ˺󼸲Ůūӹһѷ𵶣ĿһգֱԼն¡
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ɶһеʲô
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ɶЦùеǿڶôСŮ֮£ӶȻӦˡ
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ȻɶȴЦԷǣ˵áµ֣ҶҶȻô˵ɲѾͷῳԼæ۵СѾͷƬӣ濳ң
еδɶЦһپ٣ֱۣһ졣
ԱЩŮҶҲΪղһ֮ʣԶŮͷ׷סѽг
͵ʱһ𵶱һ׹У׹ɶѳֲסַɳɣಡһûǽ֮С
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Ҷɽ𵶣ȦģڷͻȻҶĻ¶΢ЦҾҽһһ꣬ӻȡһ
ҶֽӹַֻţԲ֣ĴŰ£ҶһʱҲȫȻף½βһ룬Ҳޱȡ
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һԼҲΪ֮ԵݣɶͻȻЦ˱Сӣô𣬺ߣһģ
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㡭ԷȻٶŵһеĸովĳȻҲҿȥ
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ҲǱȽϺݵˣɱҲв٣˿̿ҶϷȫˣ֪Ҷè׽Ϸһ湻ˣǾˡ
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ʲô˵ʲôˣ˰˵۹ĶСѾҵĵߣұͷҶĮ
һ¡ֵˣô²Ҷ˼ɱңɱǣûٺôһǼıֻҪ㲻ɱҡҿԸܶܶ࣬ҴӢۻᡯ㶼ɡ
ٺ٣Ӣۻ᣿ҶĻشܼ򵥣Ҳܸɴ࣬һ«һнҽУѪܵͷ­Ѿ˵ϡ
ԼΪϧѾͷֻعģôһʲôӢۻͷûǻɢѾˡ
˿ϵŮһۣҶ̧֣ſһУһƾճ֣ȻƮƮ䴲Ůȥ
һŮʱȼƬ֮󣬾ͳΪһŻҽһʧӰ١
龰Ҷ̾ϢѾȥϢɣϣͶ˼ңֵܰĹһ
Ī˵һ仰ҶͻȻһ֮Ͼ¶˿Ц֮ɫԼʲôʱôƸˡ
ٴοһ۷ûԴĶˣҶͻȻۿһа׹һǽʬ˿ռָ֮С
Ȼ;УҶȻȻĽһĲһˣϾܳΪӢۻϴթȡǮӦòٰɡ
뵽ҶҲеĻŭţô˴γֳ쵰ǴֵΪһѾͷ˿Ҳõ˳ֵĳ͡
ҶĵѶӿռƷ֮Сһ£㵹˳ֻһˣռƷе̿һ۾ͱˡ
ſиƨðǮֻܱ˲ȡԼҲûð΢΢һ㽫ű˷ĩ
һѵƷзͻȻһƿһֵǰҶ΢΢һüʰƿᣬûζ
ʱдϲҲ˲ȥĶæƿӼȻ˼飬Ȼ涼һӲӵĵҩȻζЩ̱ǣҩ̺ǿܸܵһġ
ʱҶϵЦʮŨˣĿռУȻһöԼֵĺöһǽ֮ԼĿռָ֮С
ʰǿɫһᣬҶͻȻóԺԼ֮ȶһ£Ȼһģһ
û뵽ٺ٣ȻҲнҵԼȡƿ˿£ɾж޻ˣջҲû˼ȥƷϾŸշһ򶷣Ǿ֮أǸϽ֮Ϊϡ
ҶİѶ˻ȥٰѷĶСʰһֱӣ˸
ӦȥǸȡƿ˿鷳Ҷһ˿ЦݣֳɵԼҪúһ
ҶȻѶͲ˷ʱˣת˱Ȼһ·СĻصѧԺ
һ·ͣϢͼݵĴǰ΢΢ԥһ£Ϲâһǿн沿ı䣬ףȷûʲôҶ̧˽ȥ
ĿһֱۣӳԱߵһСȥΪһͼݵĹ߶ǴСֵڡ
ڲõķǳ򵥣һľһ⣬ֻһɫݻƵĿ
Ҷͷ˫ĿʱһƺҶһݣϼһﾹһ𣬶ľƺԼ֮£ɲҪԼαװźð
߰ĿҶһɨ󣬷ҶֳΪֻλڵӣָֻı顣
ʲô飬Ϳ˵ҪϢͷ˵¶һ˿ͷ֮ɫ
ҪҡҶ΢΢һЦȡԺ
ӹҶݹͷɫʱ࣬Ŵһͳ˿ɫƳʵʲô֣
΢΢һЦҶǺش
ͷϵ̹һУƬ̺󣬹âɢϾͶҶʶĹŹַų
Ȼһ̧Ҷ
ѾùһΣ涨ԺֻܽΣγ󣬾ͽǧʧˣͽܵѧԺУȻϴѽһңԼȥɣסǧ߶ҲһЩ㲻ӦöĶ˵ЩͷͲҶ±Ŀ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲʶȤ˳ȥ
Ҷճȥûãͷſ˫ĿЩѧԺʱôˣȻӶ˽ңţ˳ó˼֮С
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577 ҷ
ߣҶ˴󣬾ֱӳϴӴԼǼ鷿ȥͨصһλصԼһĵط
߽Լһ鼮ķʱһ΢һЦرò󣬱㳯Լȡƿ˿Ǽ䷿ȥ
⵽䷿䣬Լǰǽֽţǰȵ棬ճȥʱһģһҶһɵЦЦ
Ҷ֪ԼΪҪʱ䣬ⷿĽƿһǼܵ飬ϴƿʱһ֣һԼҲͿƿĽƣɲٴһꡣ
ҹߵĥ󣬺ȻͣסеĶæ˺˼鲻ס˺
ֻ֪ŶôǿĽƹ֣Ȼˡطһ죬âһһƺۣϾ꼻һһظƽ
Ǿ̶̵һ˲䣬ҶȴѾһһಡһѾͬһ˽ȥ
뷿Ҷһͦվֱӣھʹ˾Ҵʹͬһֱʹٴɫ԰ޱȣһ졣
ҶһһյĹ󣬲һôʹһЩ
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Ϊλˣ֪ǸղΪ˲ƽ䣬ǿںһ£Ȼֻһһϣһʱ䶼ɵʹҲܵġ
Լ˫ںϵľϻûҵںԼҪںȥ϶Լ϶¾޴ĺ󻼡
ҶȻַ֪ȡģ϶ᷴʱΪ˱סСҲòðһԣҺڻûʲô⡣
ھʹ΢˵Ҷ˿Ųšƿ˿ʯ̨ߣڲԶҳ˸ӡ
ѡࡱʬ˽ȥȻһѻʬ廯Ϊ˰׻ңƽ˸˷߲һ˻ʬ𼣼
ҶڷһЩĺۼԼһЩԵĺۼλϡã˴п˿
ȻŽʬӳ֮ʯ̨ߣȻ󽫡Ժ·УٽŴý˸Դ˸˲ȸںļ
ЩҶһЦϽĵĳңڱ˺޾Уͼݣһɱʮ󣬲ͣ
ѧԺſڣʱԲ֮ҹԼʱոպãԼҲֵôһ֤Լڳ֤ˣǡƿ˿֮£͸Լ޹ˡ
վѧԺſڣҶûеȶãԼֻӵӣԶʹ˾ҵıɻתͷȥʱֻһϲĴһתǴ˳ٵҶ
ɷϣӣΪûʲôѵҶĻǷǳжģϾԼֻһ˵ӾȻʱˡ
ܵҶǰһץסҵ֣˷ܵĵۿүڴǱͥܳˣ⼸ͷӿɰڿˣҺ˵ԼͷӲŷҳ
ȥԭӼԼɸжԭ򣬻ΪûǼԼŷôĸдˡƵҡҡͷҶȡЦ⼸˲ٰٺ٣
˵ֵͱȡЦˣ˵ɣǺǣʲô£ǧ˵Ҫȥɵǵطүҿȥˣ˵ҪҼү֪ҿҪѲƤˣµһȷʵϴ͵㱻ץļúܲҡ
İɣȥǵطҶ΢Цҡҡͷֻ뿿·ʥ춼Ҷӡ
ҷӣˣ΢΢һ㶣űЦãû⣬ߣ
ߣҶŪһôɣҲҰҪҵķʽ˵ſȥҰɣ
˵ˣߣҴȥӣ⣬ٺ٣ҶЦҪ߾һ㡣
·ûʲô⣬ֻǷӺþСҶνĵͷӵ󣬴صĽֵһƬ̻Ի͵ľ޴Ⱥ˹ȥ
ŵ·Ľͷ羰Ҳɰ̾һﻹǻҵطƬطķȷʵ
ľʥ춼ط쳣ĺܣ˵ÿһ䣬žƣһשһߣ͸©ڱͬζ
⣬ÿһۡһɫǣڽԺ󣬾Ҳһͣ԰֮ģЩŮһǾˣ
ҶǸλʱԼȴӵĴ£ѸٵľôֱӳƬ޴Ⱥĺȥ
ȵȣ㻹ҪȥҪƬȺʱҶסе㲻ʵ
ٺ٣ǰ棬ԼɣӺǺһЦָǰ棬Ҷ˵ǰ棿Ҷ̧ͷȻĿųƬ޴ȺһƻֺĴʶԽ棬ĵһСȥСϵһ޴ȥ
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Ҷȵ˼ʱָָ޴ĽΪҷӣһϲϲ
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⣿û⣬ҲǮ²а̾Ϣһ䣬ҶƵҪӽʱ
ӺҲ˵㲻ԣе㲻˼ֵܣӦòңûǮɣ
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ĿŵߴʯΧǽΧǽϾȻŸ޵ŵǣתͷ࿴ȥΧǽһֱô죬ȥףɴ˿ɼլжôˣ
˵ʵҶ⵺ϵķӻǺ⣬Ҫͷ㹻Ǯһԥ
ӺҲҶѴЦҵļˣ˵ɣֵͷжǮСһһҪԪ飬ʣҽ㣡
ӵĻҶипӵļемлˣǮͲˣ˵ʵͷȷʵûôǮⷿһҪ£ˣʮ㣬ǵãҪٵˣ
ӻشҶѸٵҹɫ֮Уǰ·ѧԺ˹ȥܿʧããĴϡ
ٺ٣ֵܻԸ񰡣ֱҶıӰʧӸ̾һջĿ⣬ͻȻˮƿȥ૵⣬Сݵĵز֤ԼҪٲ㽫ȥǿСֵԼһƤˣֻҲ̫˵ɣȻλֵܶһʱסˡ


578 
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ţ͸ˣ˵طҵĲҵʡõʱֵܲᣬԼҲֻǸߡ΢Цҡҡͷơ
һһܼװ˼һ޽ǳѸٵӭĵӭүظѾүҪ¸ۡźһУ
΢Ц˵ͷŲ㳯޳ȥܼһ·СŸߣү¸һʿ100ˣҶ60ˣѾŮ50ˣۡ1ƽףӵ27
Ӱ˰֣ܼҵı棬Ѹٵ˳ڣNNУ޽ǳѸһͷ·ʻ˹ȥܿʧããĴϡ
ֱ޵ӰʧƬյصһӰͻȻӰһ΢ЦѾŮ50ˣɫӻܵģٺ٣
¹ҫ£Ӱ£ɫ棬¹·˸һݵϣŵ¹⣬˲Ҷ˭
ԼûǮⷿӣǮԼ²⵽˳ɱضСе⣬ȻӲẦԼһ½δóȻ˵ֻǰַ˻ӵЩʲôȴô¡
ٺ٣Ȼ⴦زӼҵģּų֣ʱԼɵúúøϸ̸̸Ǯˡ΢ЦһҶ¹⣬ǻ˼Ȼ֪ΪμҪⷿӳ֣ת֮䣬ȴѲ³˰˳ɡ
ɲ֮䣬б˶Բߣ΢ЦӣɱֵܵĲٺ٣
ڲݵϣһɫһѪ꾧Уû취˭ԼǮˣֻѪ֮һѪ꾧ˡ
ϾôˣҶҲӵһԼļңȻѧԺΪԼһױʱѲӣԼʲô˵Ǵڱ˵ļ֮£Լϲ޾ˣеܲˡ
ȡѪ꾧źãҶϵĲмɵĶŴ󶼳ȥ
ɹ󶼳ʥ쳯һΪǿƵļ塭ɼ塣
ʥ쳯֮УʵϣɼȻһҪ۸Уɼȴһָ
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ϵνǴ۸ӣһЩСϢ͵ļ壬ƺʥ쳯Ļ˿˿ϵ
ʥ쳯Уɼ壬Ƽ岢Ϊ̣壬ڵ۹Ȼޣûв磬̽ȴϷ֣ʵνۺ
½Ȼ岻ܲ۹£ۺľʵƿؼ빫Ǻġ
ŷɼǿ̨ʹɹ˴ѣҲ˸Ҵǵ⡣
ҷɹŻǿŵģֻҪжʲôݣʲôʲôֻһ᳡ܵ
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߱߻һЩڷϢҶͻȻȻһЦǺġ
ʱȻϣȴһ֮ʱֵǷʱ򣬽ֵǳˮڸƼůӰʢ˼㡣
ҶߵһֵľͷһӴ᳡΢΢ԥһ£սһƫƧӣȻٵĴȡһ˴ĺɫۡ
˶ӶʱҶЩͣ沿һâϼʱӷҶģ¾ԼҲһϳ
һװκúҶ沿ͻȻüͷ΢壬˵ʲôϸ˼һ΢΢һЦһӣƿ˿ʱϣһõؽ׷ȻóһŰɫĺ롣
һֻҶǰУ߳һӡơ׷ˡ
һۿȥ˵ȼȥ룬ǲȣһη¹⣬һȴһˮϡ
ȴҶֻʥԺЩϼһ֪ΪѧԺرġƿ˿˵ɺʹã᲻ȥ
κݣҶһⲻܹ̫СĽѪ꾧ֶһЩ̫ϾֱֶھǱ츳һʵ
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ſڼȫװĻĿУҶľֱ˽ȥֱĿڴǽϵıڻϹ˻ᣬȻЦʮڻﾹȻķƷɼҲô
ʱһҶ׼ӭİʱüͷһƣŭӿ̲סҪ
ȴñ·һӣ˸ɫֹסˡ
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Ҷ䡰ߡһ˵ģʵġ
һ㶣ǿЦ̸
ҶһɣȻҪȥģȥѵǵĴ㽻ôдǰ·
һ㶣˵ƽҲˣȴδ˹Źֵˣһ뵽ԼҵЩҲһУҲȻˡ
˴ҶһգûʸС䣬ӶְҵЦݣǴǻҪ±
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ǣ۾ɻգգСĵѪ꾧΢΢˼һᣬƬ̺ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٴҶĿУһ˿𺶣ȷҪר˶𣿡
šϵٴδֻǺѾʼе㲻䷳ˡ
ʣǡѪ꾧ô˻ȴûҶеķգٴγѯʡ
ʵѪ꾧ţԽе¼һ¡ٴδҶƮ
Ҷ䣬ɫٴһ䣬СĽѪ꾧Ż棬ĵܷԵƬ̣Ҫȥķʦ𣡡
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æ˵ͷȻ󼱴Ҵҵĳ˷䡣
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ˣλļʦ½κγֹر챦ʦܱϳ˹ܵ
κγֹر챦ܱϳߵ£Ҷüʶǲе̫ˣ֪ԼѪҺϣܷϳ
⣬ӦһԪߣƽ֮ϣһĨεĸ߰Ȼڼĵλ͡
ҶŶԷͬʱʦҲڲźۼɨѪ꾧Ѿ궼ûֹĶˣҲû˭֮ⶫһᱻκᣬɾˡ
ԼǰλߣھȻҪôⲻò÷ʦעڴ֮ʱҲаԲ²Ҷݡ
˴СĵѪ꾧Ȼݸ˷ʦ
ӹѪ꾧ñѪ꾧ǹζ΢Уͫ΢˸һӣһƿУƿ΢бһСɫҺ壬Ĵй˳Ȼ˻Ѫϡ
˫۽ĶɫҺ壬˫ָһУһöϸָ䣬ϸ֮ϣ΢Ԫ֮زĵɫҺ֮Уʱɫһ䣬ȻʺѪ
һĻɫ𽥵ƽתأƬ֮󣬽ɫҺսƿУĿٴɨҶ֮ʱ߰ϣһתͷ˳ǰδֵѪ꾧
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ţʱԽԽá
Ǻǣû⣬ҰɣѪһüǮġЦŵݹһڵƺ롣
šֽӹƣҶҲֱͣ˵עУг˷䣬ΪԼ׼ĹȥԼҪģڿΣһ͹˰
ҲãֶԽԽãҪǶˣñɣʱһСģ˲鵽ԼͷϣǿɾͲˡ
˵ҪҶͷʵּ̫Ҫʥ쳯ҵһ֮治ĳֱⶫϿû٣һ飬һ飡
ʦܿλ𣿡Ҷʧ֮ŵѯʵ
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Ҫһ𣿡
΢У΢˼΢΢ҡҡͷʱҪ߾ȻܵõѪ꾧ͱض򵥣ע⣬»вõӡһɲʲôǵľٶϾ½ˮ̫̫ˣɼȻѾǿ󣬵½һЩǷɼǵġ
תͷƳһˣ൭ĵǴС֮ǰһǲøУӦ֪ôɣ
Ǻǣס΢Цĵ˵ͷ
׾ͺãУһεĽףֻ1Ľ׷ѡĶһЩĻƮȻȥֻȡٷ֮һĽ׷ѣ˷Ļ˲Ȼһ㶣еĹ֪ģݻ̶ȲͬȡĽ׷Ҳһ
һ˵һƷ8-10Ľ׷ѣȽϹص51ǿν֮ˣûôֹ
Ȼʦô˵ˣҲֻȻĵ˵ͷϾʦĻǼڲ˷ԣΪ˼Ȩ


579 
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ⷿĶȴһ޴ˮ͸ˮ̨ܿһⷿ䣬Ļǻ谵һԼԿˣȴǲԿԼӦҲһֱ˿֮˽ֶΰɡ
ͬҶŮ̽ܣҶܵһģһ㶼ݣеλǮķ䲻˭еġ
һȺǼ͸ˮҶĿһ£ڴžۼ˼ǧ˰ɣڻʱʱ˽롣
ЩȺȻҲμӾģҶ֪Щû˼ȻĻЩҲǵġ
ЩҶ˸еɳϿڽ̨
ʱ̨ϣλõĵƹ£һλźɫȹ۵Ůˣĵ˹ͷЩĽεΪڵ˽ƷĹܡ
ŮĽУǼʵ̫ϡƷļ۸һȵٶȽڽ
Ů̧ۣɫףȻԣĿɨеλŮˣȻܹŮƷʱ˵
֪ˣеĴҲɣϾŮĵķ飬˵Ҳһܡ
ĹеҶŮӵĻ֮ȴǴͷüɶġǲˡ
ŮеƷɨɨҶʧȥ£ĿŮƿȻڻƶš
ӣƶĿȻһ٣Ҷǰλõһλʴˣ²ɵһȻŹ֣ѵӶŮȤ
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ʲôͷֹһҶĿɨȴЩ㵵ķ֣ƼŵСӶڴ˴
мĶǣͷһͷüҶЩӣ૵òԼѪ꾧ɣٺ٣Ϣûͦ찡
΢ЦҡҡҶٴĿƵֳƷŮϣò˵ŮǸյĺ֣һһЦõóµļ۸һ쭡
ÿʱŮ˻֮ȥĵ΢Цʱ۵֮ˣӡ
ڵգŮ˵Ц䣬ʼձŸ߷˳
Ǻǣλոӵһµ룬һЩһŮˣһȤеƷŮȻЦĵһӣһ̴ӸæһŽе
һʹκŮ˶ΡСĵϵĳУõ΢΢һ
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ʱ֮УŮ˵ĿŴˣҶǰŮ˵Ŀ̰ĹâʾȻһУҲҪõ֡
ۿʼʮԪ麰ʮǧԪʱֻʣҶԱߵһ֮ھˡ
ҶǸʮǧԪļ۸˶֣ʱҶĺڵķﴫһŮ˷Ц
֪˿ͻȻֻڴ֮еһͻȻɿһʮԪ飡
ҶǷŮԴ˴ȷӦҶĲ룬ʱǲ֪ŮϣӦüǾǷŭΪʱѾֱӴʮԪ飡
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ʮŹ۰һԪ飬ɻ˼ӼۣƽĳУ̨ϵŮ΢Ц
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Ҷ֮ԺһʮļǮһǿһΣҲҪŮɣŮûôìܡ
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ΪͷеˣһδεĽмһδεĳֳۣԽԽ졣
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Ӯˡ˵ϣҶķĴ˴α֮һϵȴȡС椣ǷƮ˳
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ҶɫȻЩȴǿܿԼ΢۾ǿԼ̲סԼ
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⻰Ҷһ㶣ű΢΢ЦЦڰʾԼҪ°ɣϾϴԼǣǵ·ͳĴ֮
ȴǲ֪ǴҪԼֻǾ֮ͣұԼΣգѲö¡
Ͽ¡¶أԼֲʹߣûʲôάĺƽԼҲû
ܿŮ类ʮЦĹƷģĹӸߵŵŮǰֱ°ͣЦܣôˣΪܵóҵ𣿷ҪŮˣûһӵģ㻹ǹԹԵĵҵŮˣҾм磬ٺٺ١ΧҲһļЦŮ۹Ҳ
ǵǴģĹӸ罫Ů̧ʱ΢΢۾Ȼ۹һǷһĨɭЦ⣬૵һȺ쵰ִ֪ү·𣡡
飬ҶкЦȻλǸŮĳܹ࣬˲ŵӦòǳ̫Ǹ֡
ڿһɫһ￴뵱һӢ۾ĴԲȡ˵ķˡ
ǲҪˣҸ磬ˣŮŻֵ̿ɤ˲һϧ
ţҵȻţҷϵǿҵĴСӣôܲǣӴЦ壬ǲԸҵŮˣɵ㰡ҿɵǴСӻŲסˣ
ͷѵ֪Цĺ𣡡һ䣬Ǵ򿪳ţȥ
ţЦͦģҶһӣ˸ǷϣһſϷı顣
ӿҪߵȺ˸ҶͻȻ¶һ˿Ц򿪳۳һ룬ֱӾͶǹӸƨɺݺݴȥͬʱҪˣٺ٣
˭Ǹ쵰ϷŪ꣡Ҷһ̣ģĴʱƨɴһ£ŭһܵͬҲһԻı飬úݺһ㣬Ⱥ
֪Գȴôײ˸ײһԭضҲûУǹӸײϹôүõ
Լ֮ȻЧҶ΢΢Цһ£ӱײһ£ʼҲ΢΢һ㶣˵ʱɫһ䣬Ҷ֪ϷӺÿˡ
ӻηӦʱֻҲ˳ǼϹ˹ۣ㻹үõ
Ӹŭңҡ
žδˣѱӴ˸ӡ
ӸӴ΢΢һ㶣űǺݶ㡭Ҵң
Цôûү󣬴㻹ǰ״Ҫأ
㡭⹫Ӹһֻһֻŭָӣ˼
ʲô㣿۾һɣǳүҪ·;У˭СӣүҸղŻ飬ҪȻһֱɿ㣡


582 
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Ӹղһٶ̫ˣȻǽ£ǾȻϴæֵķʴļһϴǿˡ
λֵܣǲǹˣ⹫Ӹ絽ǸĬĬһ֮󣬾Ȼƽ
ЦһбŶԷ֣йôҸղſǷǳòģ֣ΪʮһﻹܻţĿɨʮһˣ·ʮһ
ϴ˺ϼĴүһүǰͻȻڹӸ
ϼ壿ӸͻȻһɫ΢䣬ͬʱҲеɻ󣬡ϼôܻҵ鷳ȵȣ˵ոҪѵҲǿС椣
ˣôưˣӶݺݵؿʮˣǲ˵ҹôߣǲүָǿ
飬ҶеȻû뵽ƽʱһ񡱵ӣȻŵԼû
ˣ֪ϼ˺󣬹ӸϱҲǫѷϼЦݣȻҲС椣Ǿˡ
漴⹫Ӹתͷһۣ˰죬ҵȷʵԼǵģʮ˷ǳĬѸ뿪ˡ
һﻹ찡үһΪҪһˡбʮ뿪૵
˶ˣӻعͷһŮʱд󶯣ԼȻûۡ
滨ꡢմ¶ӣףȻԼŮڵģܵ˵ȷһµ˶
Щ۹⻹ǿԣ뵽ӺٺһЦȥץסŮ۵С֣֪ʵЩһΪʲôǵ鷳
ҡҲ֪Ůӵ֣˼е㲻֪
ȥ鿴ЩСʲôͷҪ֪ŮҲҪ۵ģ˿ŮԼ̬ȣͻȻعͷվԼԱߵһ
ŮӿҪΪԼͷ崿ȻΣҲһ˿죬е֧㣬Ҹôлأ
£ӲѿڶϰڳһȻӵ·ƽεҵ֮ӦѸӦˣһҪлĻķɡ
ŮӵĻ΢΢еɬҽж壬ˣֱҴ硭񣬶硭磬硭ס
նţô˵öǶ˿һǰÿѪһ幥ݣþȻܳ˰ԺǽȥδأӴŵıζʵϹĵıŵƺա
Ӿ˵ھӳֽ˻ѨűԵһɶɣղŵЩɫӾɫжӼֱС׼ף
䲻߲ûмкӣֶûǣйܽӴһʱŭ֪룬֪ӵܵҪʲô
ŤˣļҲ˵ͦصģҴȥˣӴŵαֻϣҶ˭ܲαء
һλŮļӴݻ٣ҶҲΣǵҶͻȻŮ˫ˮەʱ
ͻȻԼıʲôУҶǶĵϵӵܣˣǿѪôôܵѪһĹ
һʱ䣬һʸҶͷ
Ȼ֪嵽׷ʲô飬ԼǰǴӦǸͷܼ֮£չһ¶ġ
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˸ҶֱӴӳ¡
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Ҷȴֱֵǰ΢ЦӦ޴ȥɣҸһլ뼸˻Ժȥȥ
뻤Ժţ⼸ˣӻġ٬
ȥ㿴ţߣʲôݣеһͷ޴ȥҲ䵽ȥ˵ŵģ
ܣҪ񡣡ϴͺһ˵
ϴ󡣡϶Ҳǲ˵
ҶȴǳĬֵܣԱߵЩˣѯʵֵܣǣѵҪ⼸ȥ㵱Ժ
λֵ˵ûûطȥˡϴҲһֱܿࡣ
ϴô˵ֵϴѵҪΪ˵ĿŹˣǻѪ𡭡
Ҳǿǣˣ͸ɣҶȴֵ֮䵭˵仰ͷһۣʾŮӣתص˳ϡ
ֵܣ㣿ӷŮӺ󣬻صϣԾؿҶǳǴϷѵֵҲС椣
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£ǿɬֵܣ»ʱ䣬Եص㣬ˣͲ㻻ǿϧС椰
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İɣǻġҶһЦʮ
ҵڻǲôţҷŹŮӣһֻ£ܲ˵˵ΪʲôԼô⡣һᣬͻȻѯʵ
˵ֻ£ôϻô࣡Ҷüͷ΢
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˥һ䣬ͻȻȻллֵѣ˵Ӷġ
һᣬЦһۻôӣθı䣬ӦҲ˥һĵúܣٺ١
ʲôҲû˵ҶЦҡҡͷһۣţǵ׻׷ˣ
ĸˣе㲻ŵ
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ūҪǮ⼸˿ѵģҾŲС鷳ʲôڷկܲ׷ɱȥɣô˵ҲǸʥˣ£Ҷʱеƨ
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˳СƵСȻʾⶫõǺһӵһССʻȥ
ܿ졭Ҷ˾СϵĴׯ԰ǰǺΰ׳۵һӣҶɸ̾
һħĵܣųצվǰʯ̨ϣҲ൱ڵϵĿʯʨӰɣͷȴ̫࣬а׶ߡ
Ƚõϣ˻ƽĸͼ̵ġϵĽӿҲǧԪ黨ˣ
ҶŴŽµһذǰ̨ҲôˮƳɵģֻذʮ̨ףȥˣ͹һ˼ʮˡ
ԼӣҪ뼸ԺȻҪĶͷ棬͵ȥŹ֡
ڣһȳǰܶУʻʢСˮӳȤβˮεС㣬Լ֦ͷеСΪׯԺޱߵĴɫ
ͨȣԺһ·ֱ£Ҳǳݣ˱ǣԶǰһƬڴǰ
ׯ԰Ľ͸ַǳسǱʽж̨ͤ¥ȣƬϲ԰ַ죬˸о档
ƬУȪʯС£ˮβʯľס滨洦ɼ
ͨʯȣԺڣźؽ˿̺Ҷֱһ߽ȥ͵һëƤ
⽫ׯΪһľլסŻеĸоɣҶԺļ𣿻ǲǧԪ黹ֵ


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һѽӹǿϾҶʵطǺãǮôҲҪһְɣ
ôֵ㻹뻹۰ӺٺٵЦŵҿطͦİʱ̸Ǯ໵գ
ӾȻʱҺԼֶΡҶЦʱĿӣĵΪ㣬طһǧҪɱһ򣬲ķϣҲΪ㣬һڼۡ򣡡
򣿡һ˻󣬷˷ۣĵ˵ֵܣ㲻ҪˢҰɣֲСˣôɱ𣿡
ɱûУҲ֪ҾǸ򷨣͵˺ˡҶֱ
⻰ˣԼղŻãһףһǧ͵أڣԼȥСûˡ
ֵܣҵģʵʵļǮв΢΢һ̾Ϣε
ʵʵ㣬򻹲ʵ𣬵ĵطǶˣ
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ֵܣʥ춼ĵطİһƤ£㿪ļ۸Ҳ̫˰ɡҲҶеͷˡ
ӣǺܳԿˣһڼҪǻУͻȥСðƤɡҶͳԼ̿ҪУھͻǮ㡣
һҶе̿ʵܲҶˣҶɱۣԼֱӽط͸ˡ
˫Ҷ̿еԪ黮ӵ̿ϺӺ޺վ
ˣûôɱ۵ˡӲĵ͹ԼȥõǮСˡ
ߺã͡Ҷ΢΢һЦĵкܶණǶûмֵģһۡѣվΪģֻΪֵ֮꣬ã
һ£üЦĵꣿԶԶԣֵܡܴܲӦ£ֻҪӦһСæٺ١ҵǮҲˡ
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񺹣ٲҶоӻǸʵɫǣ˵ȷʵͦأ˵ﻹһء
ӴսҶ䣬ֵܣԺҪںаѵƯӣɵΪ֪һֻռƷҪֵܰ
ȥҡҡͷԼѵŮô͸ˣ˵ӣֵҲУȻй˴˽Ů˵£Լ򲻻ȥġ
СֹһҶŸǵˣˣҾͲˣ
ÿÿѵŮˣҶԶصģܴ뷨ãҶٺЦһᣬӹ˹֣Цʱҿ۵ģȥݣŵģ߰ɣߺһҪöã
һҶ˵ӶʱһϲתҶһеĵ֣Ǿ˵ˣٺ١ʱɵΪЩᰡ
У߰ɣεüͷҶӵӣҿɵһ䣬ԺŮ˿ɵŵ㣬Ȼ壬¡
Ҷѻ˵꣬ӽӿڵҪмҴܷǷͲҪˣٺ١
ҲطҶ΢΢һȵǺðɡղžʲôҲû˵߰ɣ
ٺ٣ǼҴطǲǡһû˵꣬ҶһŭɣϽת뿪ˡ
ԼѵҪĶҶƵķ˷Ƥ̧ͷܿ˿ׯ԰һжֳɵأװʲôԼҲʥ춼Ҳ簲ˡ
۾һЩԼ󣬱۾Դӽ󣬾վڴУһֱû˵Ķá
ȻãҲûʲôҪ󡣡һᣬҶŵþ͵ǰԺѡطסɣ
˵仰Ҷһת߽ղ˼ͻȻʲôһת̧ͷĿŶãУӵлһӵԪػ꣬ţӦöǶ層ľӢӵܰɣסһ㡭ʵûдﵽ𾳽ʱǧҪȥҺڷկ˱ҿɲǰ鷳Ҫ㶼ͳȥҪȻʱСһǶȥ
ģǲ鷳ġһҶĻöʱ
ʱɫĿҶһۣܾԼǰˣе죬벻ԼǼȻҲӲ뵽Ǹھ¥˵ɽлӵҶԼǰ֮ˡ
ţ˾ˡĬĬصͷҶתȻҲе˿ɲȥ˵ʲôҾ˵Ҳ֪ȥ˵
̧ţͻȻʲô
ţڶɻĿУҶٵסҲܰסլԺɨ͹ˣУǰԺô֣ҲܣԺûҵķԸ˭Ҳܽ
˵仰Ҷһת߽ԺˣֻߵʱһףһƤ顱һ䵽˵ϣһʮԪ̿ȥҩҩ˰ɣʣģȥõ·ԼϵòɣţˣӦлİɣԺһ㣬˵Ǻޣ
䣬ҶӰҲʧ˴֮С
㲻ǩԼ𣿡еϴ󶫷ͻȻһҶʧſڣ
ǩԼȻҶӰѾʧǴ˴֮У΢΢΢еɻѯʵʲôԼ
һϴ΢΢ԥһ󣬲ĳūԼϣֵֻǩòǩ
òǩУūԼһûɣûϣһж˵Լ
һöʱɫһ䣬˳ҶĴլ
Цͣ˻ҶƵٴδ洫˳ӦòһֱΪǸһҪҵūɣǿҪʧˣҿû뷨

ϴҲȵ۾Ľǿɾû뵽ҶȻ˵Ļ
һ£Ҷ޴ȥֻ£ǿɲҪ룬ԺͰĵסɡ
һ⻰ֵܶʱ˷ܵĿҶʧſڣ㡭˵Ŀɶģûͼˣ
ĸһôҲôϻҶüͷе㲻õ̬ȿɲãͼԼƾ˵һ£ʲôֵȥģĶٻɲ٣ϾΪֹǻûпʲôֵȥͼġ
ϴĿоһӿڵôҺ֪㾹ȻҪūˣôǣ
ݣǰԼһôݶУøʲôľ͸ʲôȥŶˣҪʵڹⲻȥͰŷڴլЩɣǿǺֵǮģ͵ˣڲҪٴˡԼǻʲôʱ䣬ǳһ߳ȥһߴͳΡ
ԼҪȥھⶫˡ
ҪǿڶܵķϣͰǺȥˣúˣԼԸġ
ҶһоǾһУصǰһһ˲ǿߣһһŮǿߡ
һּر飬γɵޱȣһǰ˵ΣҲôﵽʥ硣
ǰΪħ֮壬ֻħ֮⹦ܽĹתΪ֮ԼȡӶһٽתΪ֮塣
ֻǣȲ˵ʥǿ߱ϡޱȣ͵ħ֮Ҳһļʣϼٳֹ
ҶΪʲôƴȫԭ


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˼һ£Ҷ㽫Լʶ̽εУһſڲâޱȣµĴһÿ顣
Ҷ㽫ԼеʶǿıʯϣϢϸıʯÿһ˿ϸ΢Ķ
ãҶһЦ
ıʯȻһнƵĿռƷԼʶˣĺѷ֣һСһɼռ䣬޵֮ȻǸ档
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ҶЦЦ˴֣ıʯȡУ˵ɣС㣬ˡ
ϵĺıʯ޶
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ҶЩͷѾˣȰ㻹ʹʹԼĺãȻҿҪáǿгˣ
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Ȼˣþͱʧˣ˵һ仰Ҷ΢һֱ˺ıʯڡ
ಡһһ޳͸ٻӰҶİ£ӺıƮ˳͸žĲ԰ףҶĳǸ顣
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ҶսһɵԳһЦ龹ȻѾ˹ȥô֮ˣһһʱпܾô˯ȥӣѵ
֣ǰˣȻͬһе鷳ˣҶ²Ĳࡣ
黹һûоκ飬ȫµ֮ѾҪĸɾˣΪûĹѲܴ֮֮ôʱ䣬һһֱ䱾鱾Դ֮
鱾Դ֮ĸʧȥϢǱһ𣬳׵ɢؼ䡣
ҶҲеˣڴѸٷһ飬ƺûʲôֶΣܹá
ѵؿ棬ԼһǧԪǴˮƱˣҶƵֹһ䡣
ѾˣҶһĶͷȻˣٿ㣡
а׹һһѪҺһѪ꾧ͬʱϣѪ꾧нһ߬߬һԲȻϴһСףѪҺС
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ȻǰҶ֪ѪҺѪ꾧ĹЧѪҺѪ꾧϶ЧģҶԼҲаա
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Ҷû۾ŵһɷǳŵŮ㣬¶ţеζһֻۣһ׵ŮƮԼǰ
˫۽գ˫ü޳续ССıСС죬촽ģ΢䣬ŵЦ⡣
ϸףֱһ˿һ˼̻ζƽ֮УԵôĶׯ߹ľš
⵽ǹŮŮջԼĿҶͻȻԼûǴӦڹһɣôȴȫȻף粻ʳ̻·Ů
黺۾ʱһˮԴԶ峺ɽϪˮһԲλࡣ
鶢ŽߵҶãȻɻȻоһ֮ɫҶԵĴһ¡
˭ΪʲôҪһΣ鿪ˣøݺһ㣬ڤޱȣǳ
ƮڷڣĹ˻üţƺڻʲô
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㲻ʶңΪʲôҪһΣǲΧ¶ɷʱ˺üȡ
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һҶûɢ˺ҲûлشĻʵˣоô
㶣ʵң˵仰ŷԼھȻѾ˺ıʯռ䣬һϬ˽䱸˭ô
ҶһЦҼң˵Ϊʲô㣬һһǧԪ飬ģ˵Ӧýôźˣģ˾ӸµϢ
⻰ͻȻֻҡҡЩСԴǿ򶨣ʵ㲻ʶңһΣʲôͼ
ҶһżⲦһӣº󣺡ҽ˻ô˿̣Ѿ׵ɢУתͶ̥ʸûˡ
ĬȻȻףԼıԴ֮飬ǰˣԼѾɢҲû뵽ıԴ֮ȻΣ
֪ԼΪȥҲֻԴ֮ĸɾȻ泾ȴûؼʱ˾
뵽̾һԼҶ֮˻õȻ񾲡
ʲôҲǵˣΪʲôıʯҲ֪Ҷ˵ȻʵǷǳ֪ܵġ
ҡҡͷ˵ıʯռָʶԺһƬհףʲôҲûС
Ҷ룬ǿıʯϸһȻһʱ֡ء֣ıʯӸ㿴ʲô
ӹıʯ㶵ؿ֣üš
أϤĸоһ벻ʲô˼һ̾ЩãȻ
Ҳ²⣬ؿְܾɣļ䣬γʱɢˣȻֻǽΪҪˣû˾û˰ɣǰܻЩҶЦʵͲ֪ǲΪԭ򣬵ֻ뵽οˣҶǰܷҪ䣬ҲǸͬܡ
أãӴԺҾͽлˣٻǰ£ֻ񳯡صͷȻҶĻҲͬС
ǺǣҲˡʱͻо˲سУһ㶼ղǸһ飬˵Ůжԣ⻰ˡҲǲ١
ˣأ벻һˣӰĻأҶǵһ˿Цݣѯʵ
ˣƮҶǰǽߵ˫ĿãȻɻȻоһթ֮ɫǺǣðǼȻôͶԵ͵ҵĵܵܰɣ
ĵܵܣܻ沿Ϣǵ㣬ҶһԺ
ǰ㵱ҵܵܺ𣿡ֿˣε飬ħǳԡ
УҪ硣ҶһԺ״̬عشصľ룬Ĵζû뵽ؾȻȻ
Ҷҿ϶ظղŲûжԼʩչʲôԻĹ;ԻĻϢ
ΪʲôҪҸ磿һ⻰صǲΧ¶ɷʱֵ˺üȡ
һҶȻȻӻϸܵǿҵ֮زоǿߵĳ̶ȣô£ѵԼոעѪҺѪ꾧йأҪһû飬֮
Ϊʲôܵ磿ҶЦ
뵱Ҹ磬޳ܣҪɱ㡣ؿĬǿۼĴʼ
Ҷһ亹ǿܲʩųɹ˻ˣԼ˼ǧľլҪ꣬Ӱһʧԭأһʱѳ˻Աߣһ죬ڻصϣ䡣
ô嶯һ嶯ҿɾҪʧԪˣҽѣôԴľ𣿡ҶĨȥͷ亹
ɾʱϺڹһһǿ׼ҶɣصѶһɫĽ硣
ûҪȣ


585 Լ
û취ɢһҶЦڲ֪Լ治Ӧþ㣬Ȼֻ뵱磬ͷ룡
ߣ뵱ҸǣһģؼЩҧгˣ벻κ飬Ϊˣ˭֪ȻʶǲˡھȻ뵱硣
ĺҵʲôϵŮǲġҶһתǴôӦ֪ڵҪһɣȻѪҺʱסȥѪҺȻɢһͲͬˡ
ӵؼΪµʣ˵޵ģһѰԼʵĹ֮ʽõȫĿʱҲǲܣôΪ硣
ҶȻе⶯ȻôĻҪôңеӦҵˣôܵڻûһϢ
Ҷٺ١ЦҪֻɵңʱ㲻飬ܴҲΪܵ飬ȴƫƫпܡ
ҵҶ˵Щ˿ŵģʶеˡ
ôٺ٣ҪŶ磬ôǺܶģ֪ΪʲôһسΪ֮ˣҶе˷⡣
ߣҲҵ˵ιʲôؼҶ˲֪ĺıʯЩŭ
Ҷ̧ͷЦЦ˵ʲôɱᰡֻ˳֣ţ㣬ţļңԱܺˣٺ٣
ؽıʯӵֺȴҡҡͷⲻҵļңѾû˼ңҲ֪ҵļǡ
˭˵ûмңҵļұļң֮ļȷعϵ𣿡ҶЦ
һ̧ͷⷿĴɨһ£ʵļ𣿡
ҵļңصһⷢȴҶסˣ̧ͷŴУĬ˰βŵڵļļңлһȥģװ˫ס
ظҶĵ˸УﲻɷͬĸоҶȻࡣ
ȻʱȴϡϡĽŲҶüͷһ壬˭Ҳ˵ûҵĳ˲ýԺ𣡡
ӣǶ壬˼ˣѾˡ⴫
ԷˣҶ̧ͷ˿ûһṦ򣬾ȻѾһҹʱⶫʱǹͦİ
ˣҾ߰ɣĶԸ˾䣬ȻתͷŻصʱıʯɣûҪ¾ͲҪҳ극󣬾Ͱȥ
ҶĻĬĬҶһۣһ˺ıʯУһպúҶٺһЦСһҡңԼǰȥ
ڰѻ鳹׵׵ĸ㶨ˣȻ˵ûе֣ҶҪûգſڿӡ
ոתԺһѾܹۿǰĴˣʱ򣬷ͻȻ򿪣洹ͷ߳һˣȴǶʲôġ
ҶߵǰԺһƬյڣȻ޺޵˹䲻Զϴ϶
ֻʱһ˫ϸ۾ڣĵĺ⣬ƺǺڰȻֵĹ˸ͣɢһϢ
Ϊ˳ޣʲôչ΢΢ҡҡͷҶ߽˽ʹһӾ
վԼԱߵĶ壬Ҷ΢΢ʾ⣬ºֱʵڽֵ׷ҲӦܺڷկָʹɣǶ層ʲôȻúڷկˣ
һҶʻոеĶ̵ĳޣһһٵһ֮𣡡仰ҧ˵˳
ش𣬵ȴǰܹﵽǣһУڱ׷ɱ֮Уû˰ԼԼӵùһ죬죬ǣһᱻץס
Ҫᱨѩ޵飬ǰˣǶ層ΨһĻᣡϾڶ層ʣˣвܾͻȥ
ҶŶһϵУȡһһ棬˿黬ɵУ׽˻ᣬ绹ûԷɣӦҲˣȥѰǶȰѷˣȻǶ層¸˵˵
Ŀһæк˽ڿҶһۣҶʾº󣬶ֵ̰һӵζиԹһ˿ĭ̻ʵĳ
һӳڶö϶˵УҶ֪Ϊʲô層ÿѪһˡ
層ȻԳΪѪһˣҲֻһһķ֧ѡ
ϸ£һӵɽȻһֲͨ죬֦Ҷ׺˸ɫС˵Чޱȣֵǡ
ֲﱻǺӵһؼ壬ӵԶ峤͸е層ܻͷˣƾ層ʵܱסֶ
Զ峤׼һϢκ͸¶ĽһЩΪת붫塣
˾峤£Ӧò˷֣֪ڶԵʱȴѪһһִϷˡ
ִϻȥһ˵Ѫһ峤ʱ̰֮ģ֪²̫ȻпɴǵʱԼȲһˡ
̽һµͣһ»гһʧһ¶ʱ򶫷巢
ΪߵأҲֻǴﵽ۾峤ֿܵѪһЩ֮ʦ
ǧˣһҹ֮ȫɱ
֪ȥ򣬶õҹ֮£ĿСǿ
Ѫһ׷ᣬҪնݳýһأԾ˿ͷһֱ׷ʥ춼
Ѫһ˲ʥ춼ɱˣǱǮͨһסʥ춼ļӵܣΪǽ層Զʥ춼ԵǳҲֵϵһĻ
˵ǵϣĿⶢҶϣҶĴסլԿóһƽֻҪؼ˵ע⣬ڷկǿ¾һ仰УΪ̻ҡ
ҶЦˣôȻԼ綫һһҵĴүȴǲ֪Լүǲعģһ׷ɱҶûܶùȥ
ǶԸѪһ壬ҲӦòҪһɡ
ƾԼӻҶ硢һΪ˻Լһ飬ǺԸȥ˿Ѫһһġ
˵ҪԼʵڲ鷳ˣƾʱԼʵҪѪһҲǲܣֻ鷳һ㣬ҶɲſѪһ֮Уʥػ
ҶĻһȣϴͦصֻҪܹҵȱ˴ҵԸ׸ӣ
ҶһЦû뵽þȻԼһԼΪǱ𣬲赶ɱ˵ǹǣǿģԼҪ˿Ѫһ壬ԼսƷõ
΢΢һҶЦΪӺԻټĳˣǾô־赶ɱ£
屻𼸸֣öʱ˫һ죬ߵĵǻô죿һȥѰ·λӣ㲻ǱҲҪǣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǣ벻Ҫᣬһĸ֮Ҫˣñ𣿡
ֻû㡭̫ǹ˼ɵԷԼоֱ֮ǰȭ
Ҷվòһе죬¶һζȻӣҡҡͷĵû˼ӣǱűˣúõĹӰɡ
ֽӵϣҶٲȥ߱ߵұܸϣǿԼȥ𡭡û뵽ȴֻȥ𣬺ٺ١
仰ûɫһһ죬һʱֻ޵ݣҶһ仰ÿһֶһݺݵǵֻʹû
ͻȻҶ߱˵ĻܸϣǿԼȥ𣡡
ϴ󴥵ҶԶȥıӰ׷ȥűعá
űıҶǵһ˿ЦݣƵߵǰԺһ
÷ɱոոĶϴӻڿƲסķɱ֮УѾۡһӣȫǣǱǿ
ҶȻͷĿŹԼǰĶϴϺޱ飡
ۣۣۣ¹صİͷȥӣҪҪֱĸѪ빫ӳȫ
ŵԽԽġ񡱿ͷҶ΢΢е㲻̵ˣɣҿ԰ǣܲǿɱԼĳˣЩҪԼ
Ҷ仰һϲĹâĶվ
ϴͦţȵĹâӣģֻҪܸǱǿĻᣬһŬġ
⻰ҶһЦοͨˣȻҵʾ֮£ԺҪסʲôֻܿԼ
Ҷ󣬶õӺȻٴι£죺ϣնģֻҪѪñӽԺ󣬶ý׸ǰȫҳԵķӡ
֮ͻȻԣҶΪ֮Ȼݣ
ְ֮Եԣǿ̬һԣһ£޷ڣ׵Ķܹӵеκһ˿·
֮ΪǺףϲûа׳ԵͣҶ˵ܹǱǿӵбôԼҲҪԷ֤Եҳϣ
򣬷Ѿ˼ȴһǿ֣Ըģ
ԣúԥȻѡϺ֮ġΪ񶾰Եԣ
˵һȷľΪֻԷ֤˾ԵҳϺ󣬶ԷŻû˹˼ɣľİǱǿ
򣬶Էһҳϵ⣬ǵİЩۿۣ֮飬ʥҲܱ⣬һ㣬ÿĻǱȽͨ͸ġ
Ψһû뵽ҶˣһʼҶһֱµûҪǻرЩʲô
Զһ֮ģ궼ԼϺҶҲǸˡ
ºع׶ҶҲֻпЦˣһѣϽһԼҶҲе⶯ˡ
磬ռޱȣڶ࣬һЩִС˴˼ɱѣ֮ҲǶթԼһˣһһСģͿ˥˶ԽһԼĸһ⡣
ҶЩʱͻȻüͷһ壬ҶĲ׽һ˿쳣һŲޱȣȻŽ·һ
ʲôأҲ̫˵ɣҶɫʾⶫýݺǰԺſڡ
ǰԺţҶڰ̧ͷһۣȻ̽ͷ̽ԵļһﾹȻӡ


586 ̽
ʱӣŽţ˫΢ԴС·Եĺ棬þõĲŻһͷʱʱ૵磬𱬣ţǸСұͦ崿ģһζ
Ҷ˳ӵĿȥֻԼСϣڷϷˮֱͷɫǣˮ϶źŮƷҪж
ӣôˣ𣿡
ҿֵܣС㣡һعҶæ
ʱȻѾ̫ˣһС·ȽϽŮعͷƳһۺ󣬰һƲһͷݣͷǣͷɫǣ
εģˣô˿ǸС椰ȥٲҪСúݴһˣԽ
Ϊ͵ЩŮģҶˣԼʲôҲû˰ɫˣƷ̫ˣһ˶Ҫù
ǣԺ롣˵˵Ĳǣӵ۾û뿪档
Ժ˼ʲô£
˾֪ˡ˵һ仰̧ȥ
ʲôһȥԺ𣿡
ԺȥʲôӻعͷҶЦѾˣȥҸõλãһ۸ȥģȻĿˣ㲻ùңȥԺɣ
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷӡɫҩɾˡ̧žʥԺȥֵͨѧԺڲ߹һЩľ׵С·һЩ̨ͤ¥
ҶܿϴԺȳϼĵط
Ժרķ䣬΢΢ſڵĸػʾҶ˽
ŲվڷڣҶԺתɻ߽Ҷ΢ЦҵڤϢ𣿡
һԺ£΢΢һҶǵͷ΢ЦţеüĿˣֻһֻڼ뼫֮صĽ֮أп֣ܳȻڻ֪½ϣֵطǵллԺȫ
ٺ٣֮ͶѣлԺЦҡҡͷĿǰɨɫͻȻ
֪Ժʲô飿Ժ¶ɫҶ̲סеĺ棬ֱӿʵ
ʵҲûʲôҪ£ֻ㣬һۣСһ㡣Ժۺ룬۾ҶЦЦ
ۣСһ㣿Ҷɻ鲻Խٴʵôһ£Ժܲ˵㣿
ҶʻԺɫĿһۣǰϣѧԺѰңȴǷѧԱһУѧԺǱɱԡ
ƿ˿ԼԼӵܱɱηӦһϵ飬Ժȴû˵ȥЩ΢ĺܣһһ˵ˡ
ȻԺѾΪԼ˸ѣҶȻûȥˣڵļ»һϴ
ǰйڵˣ½׷ɱĶΪʲôԺҪԼ֪Լǰ˷ѳΪҵΧɱ˰ɡ
ԼʥԺҲܿ϶ϻ쵰ԼɱģԶԼΧɱѧԺĽ£Ӧû˼ɡ
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е㲻̫ƽԴѧԺ󣬺㻹ûʽϹһڿΣôѧԺʦĽζûȤԺͻȻһת⣬ƫͷЦʱ䣬ҿ㻹ǴѧԺˣȻΪӦòᷢʲô£Ҳиһ
šԺ΢ǵĻҶ΢Цŵ˵ͷһЩ飬æ󣬻ѧԺεġ
æ飿ԣԺһ㶣Цŵ˵ͷ΢СһʲôҪæģ˵ɣֱ˰ȥɣʱ䣬һ治㵽ұա
⻰ҶҲЩжԼҪ£ɲǱܰģ½ЦԼ飬ԼȥĺãͲԺˣǺǣ
ȻˣҪҲǿˣٺ٣ҪעһİȫԺҡҡͷЦ
ԺÿһĻ֮УһʾõٶԴˣҶֻ΢һ£ǵ˵ͷ
½ѧԺһѷɫκҵȻܵõǵĹգԼûʲôȻ֪ѧԺһԼ󣬵˫飬Ҷû̫࿹ܡ
ȻõҶĵǣѧԺû̫ǿԼƽɸ£ţɵĺܣҶѧԺΪʲôԴԼҶҲһģĲ²⡣
˳ҳĽ̸һԺ΢΢е㼱ɫҶ˰ΣȻʵҪºܼ𣿡
ţе㼱ԣҶһ㶣΢΢˵ͷЦȻԼҪȥѧԺΪҺʵĹˣʱ⳶
ǺǣȻˣҲˡô˻ԺҲ΢΢һ㶣űǿЦҡҡͷ
СӾ͸ˡҶ󣬱վֻǸովȴͻȻĪĿԺһۡ
㡭ôƵҶģԺЩֵʵ
ȷе¡Цŵ˵ͷҶСһֱе㲻ѧԺʥôں߾ȫ࣬ӦòֻǿǺķչɣ
Ժһ㶣ζĿһۣʵΪʲôΪ뷨˵˵еѧԺʲôͼ
а֣ѵСһﻹ֪һЩʲôزɣ˼񣬲һЩʲô룬ԺҶĻشǳϣ֪Щʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻϣè壬ȴһ֮ɫ֪ѧԺʥӣǲΪ˴λ¡
ҶԼǰԡѪþţѪһֲ©ĸ˳ȻؼֻǼ֣ЧȴǴС
ԺҶһ˵λ桱ֺ󣬱ǺȻ󾪣ָҶ촽һĶ£Ȼ˵һƬ֮ɫ
Ҷ¶һǻ۵ĹâЦڴλ£СҲ֪ģлδ֪֮£ԺΪСͻ󡣡
仰Ժ̲סе𾪣æʵڴλ£Ǵ֪ģ֪٣
ҶŲæӦ֪ģСѾȫ֪ˣֻлһЩϸϢԺ˵С
Ҳ˵Щʲôģ仰ԺͻȻ»Ӧ֪ģ֪ЩȰ㻹Ҫñ֪Ȼһ鷳ŵġ
𣿡ҶÿɷһЦȻԺ˵СҲǿˣǣԺЦЦѾõԼҪĴ𰸣ҶתȻԺĿУţֱ˳ȥ
СһǴǵ֪λ桯Ⱦ֮µġԺһƨϣüͷЩãȻ壺ӦǾԲ֪λ°ҶСӣ治ȻȽ֮¶֪
Ժʱ뾪У벻֪˳źҶҲ֮УΪοԴԺ׳ڴλϢȴǲԼһ˵λ桱⼸֣ԺȻ¶ģ
Ժ¶飬Ҷ֪Լǲܴе֪ʲôˣҲֻܹأȴһƵĸϽ˳
߳ǻҶȻ󲽵ĶλѧԺλõͼȥ
Щİľ˳һЩͨѧԱԼʥͶĽʼɵĿ⣬һνһ㳡֮ϵͼݡ
ͼݵĴģᳵ·ֱԱߵһС䣬ȴǷֻⷿˣͷʱȴһŮͷϡ
ʲô𣿡ӦҶʱĽŲˣͷŮ̧ͷЦѯţҶôЦƺżֲ͡
ңԺҶһǰмɫŮӣȡԺԼ
ԣŮ΢΢ƲƲ죬ֹ˼Ȼ󳶳һ޺ħɵļӹҶе֮ʱ
ƶĿ⣬ȴǺȻͣҶǰöʥӵѫ֮ϣʱȻ̣Ҷ΢΢üע£ĿٲԺ
Ȼ϶Ц⣬СѯʵʥԺĽʥӣ
šʲôôҶü
ǺǣûûУֻǺʣ߰ɣҴȥҡҶͷŮæҡҡͷ΢΢ЩɬЦ
ԣҶٴһ㶣Ƭ̺󣬲ɵЩ̾ʥӵݣ֪Ůĸ߹ֶΰֲԸðΣҲҪһʥӡ


587 
˴ΧЩĽ뾴ηĿע£ҶεЦЦȻŮȥ
һ·֮ϣλЩɫƷŮӲ֪⻹⣬ǰ棬ǷϸϵҡҷŻԸеĻߣȻòǾɫǽƷȹۣЩСð
ں棬ҶֻǵһۣջĿ⣬ûоԣڻȥ죬ҲûȤλֹΪŵŮ˸顣
һ֮һԼѾεķ䣬ͨ䷿İҺҶĿ΢һ£ҵоȻѾס
סķˣʲôڿ˵ˡͣһҵ⣬ŮЦ
ţ뿴һЩ鼮ȥɡ΢΢˵ͷȻҶڱǵԹĿУ߽С
ڹ԰΢еڵķҶ͵ĹâķŸղͼݹԱĹ
ҪǧĹҵʺ϶صĹ治һ׵£иոշһԼǰѻɽĹ鼮ӣЦһٴͶ֮С
ԽʱţҶǰ鼮ҲԽԽ٣һ鼮˶ԼҲ֪˼ˣҺջ񻹲
һҵ׹һǸ߼ʥԺĵ̹ȻԼҲٿ߼ûȴҵס
ĵϲҶ㽫׹һ飬պú󣬱ƿţžͨ߳˵ҡ
ͼݵĴĿڼɨͣڿ෿֮ϣ߽䣬΢ƫͷȴǼС΢Щ糺ǸԱŮ΢΢һ㶣ȻʵС㣬ôˣ
ҶһŮСϵ糺죬ɵøŨһЩƬ̺󣬷ŻƽҶαǣƺߺߵĵûʲô㻹ʲô𣿡
ûʲô£Ժʹôѵֻ㽫ԺĪͷҶӣת˳ȥ
ôһҲûУղҪǻˡŮνĵ˵ͷСϣδȫɢȥһ˿Σȥе㽿Ŀˡ
ҶûעЩˣ߳С䣬ֱӳͼݵĴ
ƹһЩС·ոߵѧԺſڣֻǰһŮҶ⿴һۣû뵽ԼһλŮǵһڼԺʱԺǸС椣ԺŮɡ
ֻǴʱѾͷȴûԺǰǷɰǱһ޵ĸо
ҶСУµӵԸŮԼȴǽŮһ仰
Ů·ҶʱǸ߰ƳһۣȻһͷɫǣ䶪仰ﳤȥ
㶵仰ҶûӦ֮ʣͻȻԱִһŮûһĺܣһ޳ܵµɫħ񡣡
ͻȻ֣еϤҶתȥȴҵǸС椣ֻҶһۺǰǸŮ
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Ҳ֪ǰɿҲϳԼں񣬿С˵ЩķӦˡ
ǰҶϲûһ飬ȴƵĿڷˣűݺݵӿɰԼˣǽѲһɫǵͷԼٲˣ
εҡҡͷҶźСķȥС֮ϣҶصĺ˼ʿղһ·ֵϵʵ̫ˣֵĿƲ
ӣˡƵҶ建˹ĿҶЦŵ
ş̌ͷ΢ЦĶ壬ҶҲЦŵ˵ͷŵȥ綼еǡ
õġ庬Цͷæ˽ȥ
ŶǻæıӰҶ΢΢һЦߵǰԺһαߣ
ܿ죬ֵܱڶĽлУҶⷽ˹øϵ󣬸ԶԿһۣͬʱ¶һϻĵЦݣ֪ʲô¡
΢ЦɨӶһۣҶȻڣѰط°ɡ
ӦŵУϢҶԱߵ֮ϣһ˫˫۾Ҷ֪Ҫ·Ըˡ
ҶĬһᣬҪڣͻʲôԸ壬乫Ƿ
ҶĻһ꣬϶Ȼվ𣬵乫˵￴Ų񫣬ԼڹӺԺĲֿⷿУѰ˸Сзȥˡ
ʲô˺Ժһ⻰ҶͻȻе㲻õҲ˵ûҵͬ⣬κҲܽԺ𣿡
һ⻰õɫˢһ¶˱䣬һ󣬶ϴվӣ乫ӽԺ֮ʱǾ͸㶨µĹأֻ乫
ˣɣ˰֣ҶҲܹǣԼȥ乫˵ģ
ϣûںԺҴźãҪ˻صܣԼ治֪Ӧôˣӵеһ飬ҪһЩҪ鷳Ϳ֮ˡ
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˵仰Ҷ㽫ŵ˻֮жּعָ߼鲻Խ૵߼
ȻûзʲôȼƵȴǷǳϸһ㼸½͵½ȻЩӵлԪػҲ
Щ˳ȴҲ֪ڴ½ڽײĹһ㶼һЩزصĹѷɫĶ࣬ٶȣȫûñȡ
Դһ㶼ЩزصģֻɴϵӵܲĹΪ߼
߼ͬĶһѶеĹ˿ĭЩĵ⡭Ӧİɣٺ٣û뵽ҺҲ߼ˣ
̫ˣ߼ҲֻڵȼƴռЩˣߵģ߼Ҳı䲻ʲôҶĿǹһۣĵʲô߼۲ߡ
Լˡ˾ĹȻ۽ߣһЩƽΪرĸ߼Ȼˡ
ɸ߼ڶУı׵ֲ֧ԼķЦôǰ幦ǿ˺ֹٱٺ٣Ժ󣬾ѧˡ
ͣƾǸյʳڵĻԪ֮˸߼ҲֻðŴ򡭡ҡҡͷ϶Ʋ
Ҳڣʲôһһᳬġ׷˷ۺ󣬱ŷٺٷЦ
ģ˸߼ҲɣǶˡεҡҡͷϴ󶫷ץ𶫷еġơҲɵЦ
Ŷõ飬Ҷ΢΢һЦվĶļ򣬵˺õĹĻʹˣúŬɣ
ӣллˡҶȥıӰЦͷмĿҶһۣȻеľᣬ۾΢Уͷȴ૵ҪûˣԺڷկ׷ɱ´ʱѾʬ޴˰ɣ
źıʯҶһԺһˮװεƵСıʯϣ΢ЦҿܵãɣΪҵˣǺǣ
Ҷ˵仰һ飬һĹֱϵǿõҶ˺ĹֱϣѾһ΢Щٺۡ
˺ҶӺıʯƮĻصһЦСǰζ΢ŵɫ֮޳ָ⣬˵ĺ⡣
֮ǿӣҶо̾ҡҡͷ̧СŵЦĻأ
ߣ´ҪٸҽУҾȫ¶ôһ¡Ưߵ
ιŮˣ㲻ôɣҿǼǵ˵ֻĹҵġҶء
ҿû˵ⶼԼ˵ġЩȻذҶһۣɼǵȻȻ˼Լȷʵû˵仰
Ҷطֵİ۵һ£ľȻ΢΢Щ飬û뵽С椵ĵȴǱƽ֮˴˲ٰ
˵ǲ׼ŶҶԼҵ鹦ȡ˳ףȻֱŻء
ңرЩܲˣͷ˹ȥϵĹ𣿡
ٺ٣֪˼ˣղŲͦ𣿻ҶҳˡҶЦŵⲻĹһר߼ˣҲ෭ѧԺеĹҵˣǳ˲ٿŶ
ߣҲŲأҸܳԶٿ࣬ǹҡرϾҲ˵ˣȻǶѾ˹ȥԸûǣ̧ͷ˿õغҶˡ
ŻĳҶЩԲˣû뵽ȻҪôֱӣ΢΢ԥ£Ҷ㽫Ӹ
лл㡣ӵ󣬻صͻȻúᣬҶҲ࣬Ҷˣ֪ΪʲôָоһҲҲˡ
ллҶԲɫװһȵǲŪˣһлл𣬲УһҪ硣
쵰˱˻ԡͻȻˣܵҶǰ֮˫ʵȻһԷȭһһ´Ҷ
ţһ͸ˡܵǸķȭҶҪʹŰ
쵰ȥҶʶؾΪҶϷˣò뽫ͷҶıֲٵģֻԼȭͷ
һ㣬ţһ㣬ԶԣСûȻؼȭͷҶȴܵķԸʱ¶˷ɫ
ҵãҧгݵ
ŶòҵãҶؿһˣ磬ô򷨣гΣա
Ҷ仰زûιȥôȥᱻ裬鷢龰еڵˣĳˡ
ǲǿԳȥˣҪˡһƽԼ飬ͻȻ
ȥҶ΢΢һ㶣ͷǺɵЦҵķˣǲǸˣ
㡭ȥˡرÿץˣɱˣҶѾһˣһƮıʯС
Ǻǣû黹Ǽĵ°˺ıʯУҶЦӣȻϷ˳ȥ
쵰һĹ´ӺıʯƮ˳ʵľţҧ´ݺݵضһ


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Ҷ䷿䣬լѰһκûлֱѰСȥˣҪӵûзֻص顣
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ʱˮƮ죬ҪںˣǼ£ת˼СʱŷӵӰӡ
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ٺ٣Ļ治ʱ򰡣ҶЦһ£һչż̤棬źˮĸԾǵӵС֮ϡ
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ǵģӣλСرһ£Щ̸̸ҶСѰ˸λ
⡭ԥԥԿλСһƺе㲻ᡣ
ģһᡣҶĻƽȴһɼǿƵظоλС㣬ǷС֮һᣡһ˵ţһָָСԱߵһСۡ
⡭Ůоڸе֮ͬʱҲе㲻˭ȻôţҵүȻôֱӡ
Ǻðɣȥһ¡СӳŮ¶һЦݣү¾ȥǡ
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ֵܣңʲô£ŮѻԶʱϵЦ˫¶Ŀ⣬һ㣬ǰ⼴ֵС椣ΪӰ˰
˵첻ǵȰ裬Ժˡ˵ҶһִͣһۺɫĹԣʱ
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ȰӿСľ£ȻӿռУȡһƴľУ˺иǣ¶ڷһ˿ʥԺȡƿ˿
ƿ˿ѱڣȥԺԼϿʲô壬Ҷ㽫֮·֮С
ָ̧ḧһƿ˿ָɵһ飬һƿ˿ʱ㻯Ϊһϸ롣
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ҶĽĵŮ㣬񲻽һ鲻Խĵͷһڣ漴һҧ⣬˾࣬ȻŶݣһء˼
ӡԲҡҸղû㣬ûײɣһԼȻײҶĻУæ뿪ͨĽ͵һ޴Ľӣ˿Ϊϧ
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ллӣˣһˣȥˣӽȥɣҶĻĵͷЩ˼С˵
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Ѿͷ崿˰鲻Խ˵仰漴һؿЦѣģɫӻˣԼӦòǺɫƷ˰ɣ
ЦҡҡͷȻһͽӣƬ֮󣬽լɨ˷ڼݶκλ˼Σص˺ԺԼסĵط
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˹ʱһůԵƴ֫ٺ泩ŵůһ֮Ҳһɹϸ֮С
Ÿӿ֮γһССУתٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ
вļ֮䣬תѾﵽһŵĳ̶ȣת˲֮䣬ɢڸٴảư㱻һɨգ
ʱҶо֮оȻЩʹ֮УƺѾﵽ˱͵ĳ̶ȣѾʱļޡ
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ʶɨһҶһҧͻȻ֮еɢȥǿѹȵֻ´ٳˣ
ȡصͷҶ˫ĿкһͻȻʩչ˼ٵԾ
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ʱͻ䡱һ죬ݶͬʱײĸ󶴡
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˵仰ҶɱһţͬʱˣͬʱתŷڵһǣҲ˺ܾˣҲɣ
ǽɱ񣬻ʧ߰ҶĻ䣬ǴǣͻȻһ󲨶һݵ˳
΢ƽһȻؿ;нŲӯûһ˿ɱϳһƣҶС
ϴǵסϿܰɡͻȻ˵һ˳Ÿղųֵľӵ


589 ΪʲôҪɱ
⻰΢΢һ㶣һ̾ĵûˣѾ̫ˣû뵽ʮԪɱ𣬾ȻȴҪɱôһǿߡ
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ಡɱûκԥˣӰ˫Ȼץסǽʮָ΢һץһţ˷·ҪԾӡ
ٺ٣һҲߣЦ˵仰ھڣֻоҶӰȻӰһֻ㣬ûļγԼ֮ʣ˲ԽԼ
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ôǷҪߣ˺Ҷתžӣ֣΢ЦʶΪ磬Ҳǿˣϧңٺ٣Ĳˡ
𡭡ǿߣһμҶ֣ӵɫֱˣͫײ־
ҶٺһЦȴû˵Ҳûж⾫𾪺ҲҶߡ
һеģô᲻֪ϵߣһﵽʥ󣬾Ͳٹϵ£ѾһǱ档
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ҽӵģһеϣӣܷҵ¡ӽе嵶һһˡһѼԼ֡
ѪָܵϣСָָ
Ӳ԰׵ϣ亹䣬Ҳ˻ƣ֪ĳͷˣ
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΢΢̧ͷһЩõķ䣬ҶͻȻ˵Ūôã´ɱ
û˸ٳĵʧ˺ҹ֮УڰһƬţֲ֪˶ãȻҶһŷˮڷ
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˵仰һҲ˳˷䡣
ΪЩ鶼ںԺģһûҪ£ҲԶԽ£һ֪
ãҶҲȥЩʲôһ˯Ŵ·˽ͷԵúܴݣС
ڸճʱ˶壬һ˽һ£űʲôҲûˣֱöɻ󲻽⣬һʲôӣ
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߸ոϽͷҶȴԸоյĽֵе㲻ԣ鶼ˣɽ˺˻һϲ
ÿֵ϶ŵƽʣϲҪҳյǵƻҫֺ죬ҹϸ赽ͬǾζ
ҶԴ˴󲻽⣬ҪŪôһ£õȥȻǾ¥ˣϴľȺѾΪһҾ¥ʱ޷ֻúͼ˴պһϡ
ϴ󣬺ˣǰһεĽհһҲֻôһΣǲǽлǺúְҶڲãͻȻһɤЦǺǶһڴ˵


590 
ţǳⱼҲӦûˣ϶ȥ֪ͨǰɣھһɣԺͲҪ򷢣ص¾СȥڴҲͬЦǺ˵
Ҷȴһ仰󣬾վϾط̫ˣһϲеܲˡ
ڣٺ٣ԭֲûֵաӣҶٴοЦͶӵУаû뵽֪ѵˡ
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ഫ̫ʱڣ½֣һۼƼʧһЩ־֮ʿȻ֮£
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ҶҲкУʵԸʱҲֵطġ
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ףǸ˵ʵǺǿϢַѾǿֲ˼㣬ԽϢȫʹйһ˹겨һĹ
ĹһﵽɽȫϢڣڻͬΧϢʹԼȫڿյС
ֹֻˣҶǵһ֮ԼԸӦǸˣԼǿʶΪǸй¶ԼϢ
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һȺŽ޵߹󣬽ȴڷԻŮԦǰͷƽޡ
⻹мں֮ȴ˿վڷܣЩվڷΧһͬһڷ׮
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Ҷ׼׷Ǻ֮ʣǸƣտʼЩﵲһԾģŸո𲽣ʱǷ֮ϾмĿ䵽Լϡ
ͬʱɱȻĿⶢסҶ΢΢һͣ½ŲǷϿȥʱȴÿһ֮ϣȻվһλڵĸ֡
ԴˣҶΨпЦˣⲢ½ǿһӾͱòֵǮˣһ˵ͷ̫ˣڵǿҲûоʲôֵġ
ǻƽޣڵĻһ쳯֮УЩռңǸֱʡ


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ԼͻȻԾ׼õɴ̿ʹˣɲԸģԶԴˣҲֻǸߵˡ
ȵԼǲ߹ҶЦӣ̲סζĿһ۸ղźվĵطϲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
򵥵˰һֱԼˣ˴Լһ¾ѾԼͷ˰ɣ֮ʼոԼԼ٣ҵǵϳϤǵܣԲŻʼոԼһȥȴһֱôԼķֲãڿһʱԼ¶һ΢ЦˡЩҶٲֶͣȥ˲ʧӰ
СԺ֮У¶һټ£°ȹ¹ӳ֮£ȾһʥĹʡ
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һ֧ɫڴ䣬ƺأһƮƮ֮
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ˣ֮ö롣Ȼ˵ҶȴȻһЦӲΪѧҲͬˣޣܣĻϲ
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ţҶ֣ȴǡ̡һˣôˣ˯ɡҶЦһͻȻڶһ󣬲Ŵ󲽰ȻԼȥ
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ͻĺܣ˵߾ߣֻҪԼһûգܾҪˡ
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ЩӦôʹңϸ쿴Ҳǲܷ֣ЩػеطҵʶҲ͸ȥ治֪СǴŪȽƵġԺͻȻҡͷͬ
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ʵҶԺʶˣֻصܣԴһԺԼĵķڻطĽơ
ȻԺƷǷֵĻصܣҲᶯʲôõͷˣԼҲʮֿ϶Ͼ̫ˣãѱס̰ġ
ԴϴӺҴԺҶ˸ۣڵǸýƳ׸Լ˭ҲܽǸ䡣
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ʶȴҶǿı죬Ȼ֪ԼΪûԺĸߣʶ棬ȴԵţڴ½ǺܱȵùԼ
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ҶӣԺһ͵վһ˹ȥú׼һ£Ͼ͸ҽʥԺĴ֮һģҪʥæٲĺô
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ȻȻҺαԵСӡԺ
ðɣԺӣҶЩ޿κΣͷû뵽һߣԼǰǿģԼ˵ʲôȥˣ˭ԼǡѧˣѧǲܺʦģԺˡ
˼ڼ䣬һ·ţԺ˳ȥ
ԺǰԺ˶һЩºҶԺԺͣǰķֱӳʥ쳯ĵ۹ʻȥ


592 ͵
ʱܿȥоǾôһᣬͣǸһ³Ҷȴǰĳһ
ֻʥ칬Ǿ޴Ĺ㳡飬ͷǹ壬һЩͨƽһ峿øԵʽŰڵĵرʥ칬Ĺ㳡ϣ˰˼̳
һʱʱϵѤ̻ʱҶŴԱһЩ˵̸֪ʥ칬㳡Ͽգӽ翪ʼһֱŸħγɵĸ
ʥ춼Ҳһ̣һΪĺǰǹĹ㳡ϾۼڸصˣΪڶţҲʥּԾеֵĻ
ҶԺԺһվڷԱңң˿ʥ칬㳡顢ɽ˺龰̲סп
ͣһҶԺĴ£ƹɽ˺Ĺ㳡̨ףʥ칬ŵĻʾһ֤󣬱߽ʥ칬
ԺƺѾﲻֹһˣĵκϤĺܣ;ѰεʿȴϵԺʱҶѾȷˣԺĴˣЩʿУŲС
߹԰ӣʮԲΧǽŻԺ棬Ҷ˲Сʱʥ칬
һƺ仰ʥ칬֮еõõ֤ҶҲһ
һתƣϼ䳬ȺҶҪԺ·ҲҪʧɣǴʱҲ֪Ƿˡ
ôе㶨ס֮ǰҶͻȻԼе㷲֪ԼһȫİĵطıܷӦⲢʾʲôΣŵԼϤָоʧ
ȥһȻͿɻˡͻȻԺҶһ㷲飬Ժ̤
ʥ칬޽û䣬һɫĴʯ̵ĵ棬ƽ羵Ӳ棬Ŀޱȡ
Ĵ֮УһźľӵʯĴѾˣȴ֮ϵ޴֡ʥ˶һֽ˹ȻѹȸС
һŴƽ˵ĴϽ̴ƽϰڷƷɫĶӸţȻõƷ
ߵһ»ͷϽڵˣֱڷ΢΢ףȴ߹廪ְ֮ηϣ˿΢ЦŸոսԺҶˡ
μ߽ԺҶ΢΢˵
Ա߷̵͢߼ϸ𣬡ȺˣȻй֮񣿡
һ⻰ԺĿɨǹ͢ȴͷԺֱӶ˵ŲСļ϶
ҶӣԼοһ֮ˣԺ۹֮вˣҲǲٰ
ǹ͢߶סҶĿ⣬о类߶һЦһȫϢһһգʱǹ߲͢һս
һĻʥȴͻȻ۾һ
ԺǱĽѾõǰԲй֮񡣡ʥƳԱߵһۣߵٿ
ʥ쳯һ㳼Ҫеϥ֮񣬲ͬʥԺĴڣһֻҪ΢΢ˡ
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Ҵ磬Ȼû˵ԱߵͻȻڵ
ûǴʥӣаδֹ˰ɣ治뵽ϼȴǳִ˵ǿϲɺذ΢Ц
վԱߵ߹ʷأϴʥӳ֣ȷʵһٶˣʱ˱½Ϊţ32̤ʥģҡ
ģЩ̸ҶվԺԱߣԺӦûʲô˰ɣҿɳȥˡ
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ʥ칬ڵĸߣ峿ʱȻĴϼεһ·Ȼеɾ֮С
ݷҷַïԺľΧǽָ̨ͤɼҶǵĹУת·һȽϾµĹʱͻȻƢĻӭͬʱмŮӵ˽
طӦԺ˵ЩҪעĵطɣΪҶоЩԼѾҴ󹬼֮ˡ
̧ͷ⹬ڲȥֻˮƮ죬󣬵дԺ滨ݣľһγһȻϣĴǡõסˡ
ʱҶ֪ԼȷʵԺ˵ЩӦҪעĵطˣƮˮŵ㣬֪ЩˣﲻǺ󹬼ڣһǺ󹬼ԡĵطΪһչٷˡ
ŸոպʮףͻȻǵдȴͣ
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ӣҶվԶĵط۾һȻûǸһֻʶһŮšסģӣ˭ֻһҲ̫˰ɣɫȻܵ۹͵㣿
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˵ԼܣɫҩɾˣںǰѵһֺɫмһˣһֱûҵᣬȻ͵ǽϴ裬Ȼּʱûɶļһóѣں״סᣬ˵ƴҲҪһ١


593 Ĳ
㣬ҽ͡ΪϼĵϵӵܣƽʱνǷǳĲһ㣬ǰ͵㣬Ĺ
ǽ챻ɵˣǰĶһЩʲô˰ӵܣǵ۹оһЩԼҲǲĴɴˣ͵ƽһ°±취뿪طС
žӻδ꣬һƱѳϣһָӡӵķϣһȴǲӵıģվԱߵһŮģСֻ湻ݵġ
ӵıѪʱˣȻЦվ鰡ǲƹıܣᣬҽͣǻΪѵġ
žӵĻδ˵꣬ЩŮƺ˳ͣӿеǸ֮һ˵ӡӵķϣ׻˵˲ЩŮƺҪӵƤ
ʱšӷʶı㣬Ҳе㲻ˣʲôԼûˣǼȻͽӶĳ˼ˣô˵Ҳұܣ򷨣ҵҲ
ƹлûꡰžžžļ죬һȴСͬʱ֣һһݣһ񣬾Ȼó鷭ˡ
أó鵹ɫ࣬ˣҲû˹˼ɣֵָΧԼŮݺݵģãЩǣˣ鲻ôˣţ˵գתߡ
ͻȻһŮһ˳ȥһâʥӣʶʵȻûܶ㿪ٴνʵʵİһǣ͵Ǳˤ˵ذϡ
ҸСˣ᣿㻹ʸ񣡡һŮȻǣôһ֮𣬽Ҳһԣ
˻ˣοôӼֱˣվѾͷ㻹ôһû͵ϴ
һѧˣ˵յһ룬ٿȳ֣һ֣һһȺŮȥȻתܡ
ǲŸոܳ򲽣Ӿһε˻ӻͷһȴŮͬʱ֣ס
С˵Ҵ֣㡭ոһǱŮǰʱʮֻͬʱץסžžʮͣӵţ͵һƬϣѪ
֪˵ʲôҲ˵ˣԴģһȺΪǵѾͷүҲǣҪҳȥһ뿪ֵȫǿˣ
Ůһ⻰û뵽ô񶾣ʱģһһ㣬һ¾ͳ˶ʮͣͣ
ҶһֱԱ΢ЦĿţ̫ɫˣҲӦúúýѵһˣʱȴǲٿȥˡ
Ϊ˵ѾͷʱһȺС֮УѾ¶ɱЩСһŵ˶ǰһҪһͷһʧֽӴǿɾҶԸˡ
ˣλС㣬Ϊֹɣû뵽ˡ뺷ҶһչԾŮȺУȫһţΧӵŮƿ˻ûӦ֮ʣѾԾ˹֮⣬Ȼ󼸸ԾͲӰ
ƹղӰ˭ÿٶȡͻȻ˾ߣŮ΢΢һ㶣ع׷ѯʵ
ô֪˭ǹĻɣѾŪˣŲò֡˵仰ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǺǣǵİɣɫһﶼˣǣȥԡɣͻȻŮһŮһЦĿҶոսߵķһۣ߽˹֮С
Ҫϴ˿㣬ѵ𣿡ƯŮӷ׷׽ȴһһ˽ȥ
ЩС·̬Ҫɴ壬۱֣ܸջ֮
ˣǶȥˡͻȻ⹬ǽһ𣺡ӣò˵ǣǸţɫ
ʵҶǲû߶Զһ⣬Ҷ˸ǽӷΪȫûҪܣɲţЩ뺷Ůǻɴ׷
ʱҶˣҲһȴ˿عȴǺ޲ҸطȥΪӺղŵ龰ʵ̫ˡ
߰ɣطǾôˣҿɲҲǵɫǡȻھ͵ŮҶҲŮ򽻵Ϊһܣǣ֮£Ǳܿĺá
ٺ٣үѾǴˣܸģҲΪˡͻȻЦ״ͷվһЦĳȥ
ȥ治ҪˣӾȻеҶĿɿڴˣӲղôͷ˰ɣһʱȻ¡
ôֵܣѵˣҪ֪ĿɶһľŮǧѷĻᣬ㲻Ҫ¶һƵɫŬѾҪ򲻿۾бҶ
˰ɣӣǵۻңҶֻӳһӲԣֶȥ֮ץ˹΢ЦǲҲˮЩŮһͬǣȻҰúѵһ١
ЩĿҶϰ󣬲źǲĵҷ֣̫Ǽ£ֵܣͲװźͿЩŮʵ̫ɶˣүʲôҲûȻͲǻô
У鷳һЩ뺷С椵ıһǵģܺҲò˵㲻ʣҲȥҶٺһЦڰҲǺε
ȥԵ㶫ɣҶӵļ΢ЦҴҺԺϵͶûüˡ˵Ҳӵı飬㳯ʥ칬ŷȥ
߹ʯ߹͹󣬱һ⻪羵һƯŮԷԱվڴߵŷ
ʱŲ۹ƷŮŮҶ߽ȥߵһŷžʳϣѡȡ˼ʳߵһСԱ߳
ǻʲôҲû˶ᡣӺݺݵĽһѩǲ˵
Ҷ˿ڹ֭ЦҪˣԽԽգοţ
Ƶ˵ûٶ˵֪£Ҷ˵һԼ뱨ЩŮҲ޷ȥ
ˣҿиͷˣ
ףǲҵĴүôͷġ
ۿòİɣǡã
⼸ҶͬʱתͷȥֻŷĶ¥¥£Ϊ׵Ǹӡ
ҶٺһЦеıӣƵӣͲˣȥúõķһе֮ɣٺ٣
ʵҪҶ˵ӿǼʱѾڵĳ˹ǺݺݵĿĸһһۣȻЦһ
Ǹղ˵ʲôû˵һΡȻ˵


594 ˣ
ԱߵطҲЦһһ˵ƣҪΪǰû㣬Ϊ㣬ûֵϣͷ㿴ʲôѵԼͷٴһ㣿
һ䣬ͬһٳط۾󣺡㡭ûӦӾһץסľͽط˸
˿طһоǾ֣ҲʼֵˣһЩӲļһ
Ӵʱ֮ûɢô뿪Į˫Ƕطһۣһֱۣط˾ͬһɳһӵԱߣڵϡ
㣬ȣȡطźԼŭӣƣ㣬㾹Ȼ֣ʥ칬
Ӷط꣬һ̣¶мȴû˵ƣƽ̯Ķ׼·
䣡һε俪ذ壬ǧƵʯ𾪵ĿǼİɫʯȻͣ
ֻͣʱ䲢಻һ룬һӣѵʯԭٶȼ

һײʱҺڶʯֻٸղųЦӵǼ꣬ѰΪ׵Ľ꣬ףϵһ½Ҳ
ʱҶȴǸеںѪͷðαЩŮƣĴСüͷһ壬Դӣˣʥ칬Ե޹ɱˡ
ʱԱ߿ֵһЩҲˣſĺܰȻҲ˿
ȥҶĴҲ΢΢һһչղųЦĸһСһ㾾סȻһֱۣһ㣬˳ȥ
أӶĵذϺɫ࣬Ѿֵָӣãӣˣ鲻ôˣţ˵գת޺޵ˡ
Ҳ١ҲǸŭǿǱͻȻƻˣľսĸǽˣҲûǰ֮ɫ֪ɫе㲻ԣ֪Ǿðͷǻ
ôйһӦ泩˰ɣҶеĿαϣ΢΢Ц
˻ɢҩֻܹ⼸Сӵù򼫺촽ŵ˫һ˿Ц⣬ǰ֮ʵЩѰ⼸ˣֻоȫˬ͸ˡ
ٺ٣ˬˣղҿǽȥʱвʣͲ𣿡Ҷڱӣ˵
˽⣬϶ǽ궨ȥҰȥˣǺܿͻˣԴʱҶ뿪
Ȼ֪ȥҰȥˣʱȴеĺܣһڶͺȿھƣʱʱɴ죬йʳ̬
ҶɾȤˣͳԱˣһǺܱ֣ĵصȴ֮УԼҪ˯ˡ
ȥƿƹҶʱʱƷһڣп˯ˣһƿƿڼ׵ʱҶȻһ
⴫ģӦøﻹʮףΪؼԶ΢űӵ˫΢΢һɣᲦ
̡΢𣬸һޱȻظоڴѾ˽ˣЩȴ͸¶ļµɱ⡣
Ҷ۾ȴûһ㣬Ȼڽеɨϵһ
ƺɲʱ֮Ҷ⴦طѾΧʮ꣬һӡ
Сӣֵе˽£֣֮Ȱ㻹ǻطĺáͻȻһӶҶ
˭Ҷ̧ͷһۣҡҡƿѾ׵ľƿӣ۳ƨˣûүںȾ𣡡
ǲXϵˣһһξҲûеĿվƿӣʱһ׶֮
Ļܷϣһһϳһİӡ˶ЩɿʵʵһͣȴһԵӷġ
һ£ЩѰһ㶣ҶҲое㲻˼飬ӾȻˣѾģһ׼Ҳûа
Ҳ٣ӣҴңҲһ֣λ磬ǰĸһǿˣλ㹻ѰʱˣھȻԼ޷֮£һֱܴͣ裬ʱɷ֮ݺݵ˹
Ȼʶ壬ǿһ㣬ҪǸղ䲻⣬һƻǺɿϡ
˭Ҳû뵽ײŸ˵һ䣬˾ȻһһȭģǴɫ
ǰӺһٵĸһѾ˺ӸһЦҲսȴ֪ҶͶĸһĶ˶㡣
ĸһﾹȻ͵Ϯӣӣ̧Ľ˳ȥؽӰĸһǰι
飡죬־־УĽÿһŶĵǵϣʱѪӵ˳ȥͨһԵǽϡ
֪˶ãĸļһڵĴӵطʹۻңоһ㣬۾Ҫˡ
ֵǣϰˣǵɵһܣ껺󣬶ʱʼС
˭ɱ쵰үҳһԪ飡ԱߵĺַҲǴд
ɵ֣ɲǼ䣬ʮӰͳҶ˹һʱӰӰ춼ǣźХ֮׷Ҷк
֪ôЦһ΢ʱϼ˸ʮӰȫסΣȫݺݵ˵ϣһεȫ
㵽˭ֱʱ϶ɫ֪ߵˣǰˣΪɲ⣬ԼôˣǰȻûһ㻹֮
ǻ֪˭Ҷˣ˭ûŪȻͺ򣬺ɱģǻ͵Ŀ԰
ʱͨһ죬һߣǰһ񣬸ߴĶʱ߷ˣݺҵǽϡ
ɫҰվɭĿӣû뵽һļһսȴǱһҾ羹ȻԼҪߡ
Ҹүˣ᣿֣Ӻ첻үЩһﻹǿˣҪǶסүǺǵġ
ˣӣĻǺãɣҿˡſĳƨҶ̲ס˵


595 ָ
⻰ӵɫͨ죬æҶֵܣȵȣҪûڣһƨģЩ쵰ͲˣԵƬ̣үϸ¸Ǻߡ
˵仰ӵ˴֣һЦĳڵϵ˹ȥһƵĽŲĵ׶һ˿η뾪֣֪ӻҪôĥǡ
ˣɴ٣Һǵãղž𣿡˵ٺ٣Ǿȴֺˡ
ӳɵɫͨ죬ŭѣͬʱ߹ʿ˽ϵĽƽˣҵˣʲôֶΣ
ߣ׳գȻ㻰ô࣬ǺźˣһоȻһѳ̳Ŀ꣬ǽߵķɴ
ɴʵһΪӵͶ٣ҲղŽԭ򣬵κȫҶƣȴ˿Ļ֮ûУһ˫۾޺޵עĳ԰׵Ҳ¶˿ֻţ
⣡Ѫ
ɱҲͷֺͣαŪˣͻȻһֻһһԲ˼ٶббӴ̳Ľϣ
һ£ǵ֮ƺ̺˾춯ذĹȻķɢˡ
ǹɴ֮£бб˳߰˲ȶӣкȻ󾪣˵ؾ˸֣˭
㹦ѱԼ̫߳࣬ǼһЩǰ֮ȣҲǲضãѵСģϵģǷ쵰ǰɣ
һĻҶҲ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ֪һֱڰעһֱΪҲֻЩеһˣȴǲ뵽ȻͻȻ֡
΢΢תͷȥһ޳ͦε꣬ѩ⣬һѩ׵˿վԼ֮һ֮ϣ˫ֿտա
δЯκαҶȴ֪˸֣һһ˼䣬ͽķʱеĿԼֻƺڿһΪߣ
ǶȻһ˫۾͸ĹâЦһƮƮؽڵϣҶ˱ȥ
£ͷ¶βеʧɣʵڳ̫ԲסڲڣҶعĿ꣬Ц
ʲôҲ俴ҵݣһǰ˫һӷ³ϣһ߰Զݺݵӵһֱȥ
ٺ٣һ¾ͻ֪䲻ˣĻҶüͷһȻκ׵ƽ֮Զ
һεعдַһӵĹһԾʮɿ⡣
ף
ͻȻ귢һԴб죬ʱֻڰ֮УҲûȻҶܵĹее㲻⡣
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û뵽㾹Ȼϳٺ٣ɴҲûˣһЦ꣬ȡԼɴʥԺΨһʥ죬˭
ʱ򣬷ɴͻȻ̧ǵŵͷ캰磬ң
Ϊļ嶪һͷıܣһӻ𣬸ղҪΪһŲˡ
ȻҶµһεĹǰǳ䲻һȴҲ˵ˣʱݺݵ³һѪˮЦԭ쵰ΪǲıܳͷɣүܾˣģͿǲһ³ɺһ˽ˡ
ƾ㣬ӣʵ㣬ɱһ򵥣˵仰˫ӣһɫ˹
ҶЦһץԶһͣҲ˺«һƵԡ
ҲӲʥӣȻ׷һʥӴ򣬻ʧʥҶ䳰ȷؿڡ
ӣҲһʥӣҿɾĲˣһԽŰ㣡Կн£ַסԼſһҶ
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ߣʥ칬ôҲǾǼϼҲǾǼѵҪʥ칬ʲô˼ɲɣ¶ˣˣҲΪǾȡ˭ҹﵽϡʱ¶׹⡣
ôҶʮƽɫ⸱ӣЩףԼλʥԺΨһʥӣԷôԵ޿֣ѵʲô̲ɣ
ԣԷֻһʥӣԼȫͬһȼĴڣЩֶΣҲʤ㣬ʥͬ޵пɲ˵ģԼΨһʥˣһװУҪʱ䡣
ˣд󰲣ЦСӣ㲻ð׷Ļˣʱ䲻ͽͶѣʥӵʵȻֵôã㻹гΪʥӵǱʥԺһʥӾ͹ˣ㻹ɡ
ôҶ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽쵰ȻǶⷽ˼ֻȴǲ֪ʥԺΨһʥӣԼȴȫΨһĺʥˡ
ҪԼҲмǻ˼ô࣬ͽ˵ж˿ˣֻһ뵽ҶǻʸЩֺԼǵʣǳҪġ
Ŵڳ˼еҶôˣģһȥġһ꣬䣬ĵڹҶȥ
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ȻȻƽҶԶһϲ˿Ϊ⣬ƳʱһǿҶȥ
ˣҶЦȴ¶κɫһĳһ죬˫ԡ
⣡һǰֲ֪ҶʵȻһ֮µʮҪվ֪Էһۻޱȣ㲻Һ̹üʵֱæڵһ㣬Ծݿࡣ
µʱδ⣬ĵ߰˲վôһҶ֮ʮϣȴԶˡ
ʱоŭĪԹڵϵЩҲǴ󲻽⣬룺һô飬ԾԾˣڸʲô
ֳ֮ˣҶԼҲֻ֪ʲôϾϴԡѪþۼҶǱı̬ʵ
һ֮£ʱŭĿӣȵɷ䣬ذˣ϶ڰҶ뻹Ҷ峤ƾҶһ֮ôǿ͵ľ
˵仰Уþû˻ӦŭһȴǶȫ𵴣ȻҲ֪һкε
šХ֮һȻҶͷȥ;ͻֻվԱߵͻȻԾ顱һȭȻʵʵı֮ϣʱѪ
ԭ߳˼磬һʥӣϵõղһֱҶΪԼֺ޻֮ӣȻҶԼ͵Ϯ䣬ܲһ޲Ц
ҶҲǿסЦӣ£
һе֣ǻ˷ԸͶ㵽Ҷȥˣ鲻ԽĻζǼһıӣ˳֣»Ҹо
ĻӶʱ˼£ͷһæǿѹ£ȴĲѪ
һҪǲúѹºеѪ¶ԹɫݺݵĶҶ񶾵
ٺ٣ǿҪʧˡҶɢĻӦһ䣬תЦһȭûʱ򣬺Ǻǣ
ʧҶڳôһ̬ƺǲٴȥˣһʱ֮䣬ЩӦԷѵ˴̼ͷԲΪ¾ôô
Ȼһ̣Ͼ¶˲֮ɫ֪ΪʲôҶڳһˡ
Ѫ˵һ̤һӴͷŰںʿڵŨصѪɱӭǾ浶ǹսɱŻɱʵǿҶɰզࡣ
¾͵ΪֹɣȻʿóһͨһۼ׵˳ĿһЩҵŷ
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ʥ쳯Ѫˣһˣǲһİ˲٣΢ĳƺһ¶һ˿ɻô
ġšһޱȵĺʥ칬֪ʲô
ߣȻ֪ǲʵĻӦ
⻰Ѫǰһ̤ʱԲʮڣ¶Ȼ½ģȻ


596 Χ
ʲôѪʿһ˿һ⣬һЩҪ칬֮оǿֲĴڣͬʱҲһԵ
ȻЩֻ۾磬۲ҪսȴԼܳԵģѪʿսѪսоǰǧģ
ѪˣѵҪǡĪҪΪʥ쳯ΪͿ컰ɭзâţ쳣Ŀ
Ǹǰһۺ󣬵˭ģȻ֮ܵӦеĳͷûȷǰ˵˭̸ϡ
߻𣬿ɵЩ˾֪ˣĻӦ
Ŷ𣿡ڵɨһۣȻ㽫ĿƵҶϣʵôһ£Խһ𣿡
ľ˵ɣʱһһʤѩһŮ˽һ˿Ц⣬󻹸һü罣ˡ
ṫǰŷе˼ˣ΢΢һűæ˴
磬ҶҲһȻ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪ʥ쳯ϵĵһ֣ܵṫɢƣѾʥĶ徳磬봫˵񾳽Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
Ҷ֪ʥصϢܻŴ˾ʥ쳯ĵһ֣Ȼû񾳽Ĵ
ǸʥһĴڣɣܻи񾳽ڣϾֹģ꣬ѱûͻ񾳽磬Ӷﵽ߲εڡ
Щ󣬶ʥ쳯ǵһֵ£ҶȴǲΪȻˡ
ҲСӣΪһ񾳽ˣ¾ǷŵҵʥҲһֳȻĴڰɣοǿ߶ټⲿ½
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ȥС֮Уһ飬˵Ѿͷ˵ݣ龹Ȼ˵ɫҲζȫȻԼڵݵĽɫ
ϸʱҶˣΪҪ˵˭˭治˵ȻôӣȴǸжԴ
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ҵĻҪظϣǱڶɸ꣬ڵ۹֣ҿһ棬Ҳ´ΣȻݣҲɱ󣡡˵仰ˡ
ʥ쳯ݲͰҶˣȻҲҿڳɱ⣬ֱףҶɸо粻˵ģҪٴ統նɱ
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ӣ˵ʵǰǲʲôڣҶЦЦĿӵҪȻԸǾԲôǿеġ
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ңҶָԼıӣе㲻ûɣʥӣֻǽʥӣƾʲôΪҶĹֲӣһμԼʱ¶ôһģˣԭһһѹţԼΪͷˡ
УͱװˡƲƲȻ֪ϴΪʲôԡѪþֻΪ˽ʥӣԡѪþֲֿʵҲţᶷСӡ
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ˣˡĴ˿е㲻ҶСӵ˽⣬ǾԲô˵İôûˣ
׷ŮȥˡҶʼ磬̧ͷſʾ
׷Ů΢΢һӱǴĶͷˣˣĿеŮˣҵᰡ쵰̫ɶˣ̫ɶˣ
ʲôҿṫǼһûʲôøаҶǹ쿴ӣеɻôͿ϶Ǽһһ׷
һǸƭӣƭɫƭƭƭˣڶ֪ŮɱɫĴҵһռȫˡҡͷһźС׼װ
椣Ǯҵģôܺ˱ȣҶԺЦ΢΢ӵļİɣǼһﲻɹġ
Ӵֵ㣬ү𣿡ղҶĹ˵طе㲻Ϊʲôô϶Ǽһﲻɹ
˵Ͳ㻹ϻʲôҶ֣Ӽļ£ȴѧˣʴɵһˣ˹ȥ
ιʲôҶ֪ʵ
ʲôеƵֵܣûɣҪʲôط㣬ʹ˲С˹ɣҪļ£ɢܲɡ


597 ɱ
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õ𣬶˵ɹͲɹҪȥҿҪ칬ˣֵطƽʱɲܽġĶ仰Ҷǰȥ
㲻ȥȥȥӲֹ˾䣬Ҳȥ
ʥ칬ռعڲԹһ㣬ǸַǳƬϲ԰ַ죬˸о档
ȪȪʯС£ˮι״Ĳβʯľף滨洦ɼ
Ҷͣͣһֱʮ֣ɫԲģһ·ŮӣŪŭĿӣҶ޹ߣȻҲǰ˲ٰۡ
Ҷ˵ʱһǰǣҹ׼ˣȥò͡
ת䣬˰ʱ˶е㲻ʱǰ·ȴͻȻͣ˵ֻ͵ǰ治Զҹĵطˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵㣬ӵǰȥȴţԸҲǹνԷĵطȴĿɿڴˡ
ֻǰһ޴¶㳡ϣ췱һ㣬ĴǹֻЩνġǹ⡱ֻһϵˮưˡ
̧ͷڹ㳡ɨһ飬㳡ϵӣֻ²֮࣬⵱һ׳۰ʱЩԱǺؽ˿̺Ѿ˹͡
ֵܣǲе̫ˣɵɵһӣعе㲻ŵ૵
ӦòôŰɣҶɿԼڴιȥ½˵쳯ֻ۹ֺֹǧʥڣЩ۹ֻҪɳһλʢҲǲΪˣ
ȻΪ֣㻹ųʲôӿҶеֵʵ
ЩǰǿڷŵģÿһضӣǳԷǡҶűӣü
ɣԸô鷳ԴƵڹ㳡ɨͻȻ۾һЦֵܣ
ҵطˣҶһ㶣ѭӵĿȥʱͻȻһŮС椣֪ԭҵطˡ
ɨһ飬СԱ߿ѩƣ΢΢һЦ˹ȥ
ѩС㣬һʱûǸӵˮ΢ЦĺϴڻѪؾ֮оȹһŮѩƴһк󣬺޹˼ɵС椵ߡ
ͻȻ˺кѩ̧ͷһҶʱƯе㣿ǺǣǺþûأϴλûüллˡ
ٺ٣֮ͣлˣˣȡһ棬˿е㺬ţɫζá
ȷʵʮַʢҪԼǰԵĺöˣȳ׵ĴϺֱߵıзиֱĺһЩ߲ˡʳ
һֱ棬Ҳͳ˵緹緹һҲûԣȻԼΪʮ²ԶҲûʲôҶе㲻ϰ߶ӿտиоһҲ̴ӱҶȴǻ˹һЩΪҪ˼ɵá
С椿ҶߣѾüˣ;лݺݵĵһۣŵһ£ʱͷ̧Ϊ˵ʵʵĳԶ
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Ա𣬰УѩԱߺòãɲҪ顣ҶɢСߣȴǶ˾ƱѩƵǸһ
ţͻȻҶԼ˱ӣѩ΢΢һ󣬱ͨоԼǰľƱҶһ¡
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ˣĹˣҳԲô࣡ҶΪԼЮˣѩƶʱɬȴû־ܾѿ顣
Ҷ˾ٶ˵ϣڳŮǾ첻ѿҶѩˣֻڶӲа̾椻湻Ŀŵġ
ܲˣԱߵС椣ͻȻһ۾ðĿҶһۣȻһ߷ߵĵļһøϿӱСǰʧ
һ⻰ҶЦһЮ˵ĵ߷£С椣ȻҪǰʧҿǰʧĺã
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С꣬ǰҲˣﶼԷͱϹˣʱȴԱߵѩҲվ΢΢е㲻õ
С꣬С椵֣ҶаֵͦŵģԸôǲզֺð
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ѩƽ㣬ˣҸղŲ˵㣬˵һ㲻֪޳ļһҡ
ˣҪ˵ˣС꣬һŮӼҵģ޳ܡ۹ߣΪǼôѩɫһĴС椵Ļ
ѩƽ㣬ôˣô˵ˣǰģС椻û˵꣬ѩƴϣʹ΢΢һ㶣е㾪ȵ
ûʲô֮ԷҲʲô·ѩƵ˻Сһ䣬
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ô֪ô£Ҳɻ󣬲ԼСһߣ˿أȻԸСġ
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СȥҲĵĴӵĳˣһŮСһЩĶ׷ȥˡ
һֻʣҶӡѩˣѩƺҲԼһŮе㲻ˣɬĿҶһۺҲȥˡ
ҶҲڳһϺʺ¶һӣȻ̧ͷ˻ͷܶһۣ΢Цԣû˺ˡ˵仰Ʊƺ󣬽¹ɢȥˡ
ɫͣǶ»еҶһˮʱȻ˶ϤӰһվˮԱߣ¡
ṫǻ쵰ӣҶе㲻ôߵһѵֶΣ˵ô񡣡
ܿҶͷˣΪһᣬͿһ˿һ˿߷ߣЮβ߿ˡ
ղҲֻ俴ṫȥ֮ڨȴṫίĸϿˡ
һĻҶЩȣû뵽ᾹȻ˵ıޱȰ
¹֮£Ǿط绪ݻԣ֬ˮվˮرߣƻѩһ¹
˿̵ۣ֮ϵ¶Ȼʧɫֲ׷ʱҶҲǶˡ
ڶ磬Ժȥ£˸Ǹ֮һɱʥ쳯ĳսо
룬϶Ժˣʱһûô⣬ǵһ·òⳡɱϸԺĶˡ
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ϢҶѾﲻֹǸԺǧˣԼȻսһԺŵ˵λһս
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ŭҶԺסǵʱѾʮŮȻЩ˶ȥμӶɱѧԺѧ
ȴֻһˣվǰ죬쿴ʱһ㶣ʵڳĳ⣬мҲе⡣


598 ǰ
ҶʶǣȴʶԡѪþȵĴˣҶһм˶¶˸м֮飬Щ˵飬ʹҶ΢΢һ㶣֪⼸Ϊζ¶顣
ԱһӣһĲ΢Цɫۣŵɫƣ־һʥӡ
ˣҶ֪ΪʲôЩ˻Լ¶м֮ˣϴԡѪþУź̵ӡΪ˵ӷһִԼģǵõʱӺΪ
Ȼδ˽֣ҶȴѾܵΪĲʱ̶΢Цӵݵ˵ţڸƵʥԺţ˵ѾҲѾﵽ𾳽磬ʵԶͬ
һôˣѵҲʥԺʥӣҺûʥԺ㰡
һ⻰ҶԼĿģʱεΪԸȥǸ޳ܵϼһˣ
ϼһ޳ܣСеˣ˵Ժɣ
˭Ҷļ򣬵İɣϻﲢûеô£˵ôС
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ҶЦε̾˭Ϊˣ˾ͶлֵĹˡ
ɾʱִһŲҶһۣЦ߿
ȣ˶˰չһʱԺԡһ˽
ͷˣ㲻˵ֻƽϼ㲻Ҹͣ˳һԺ߽ȥҶʱŭĻģ鲻Խŭ˳
ԺţͻȻôһŭһ㶣˶һ𾪵ĿҶͻȻһݣڿʲôʲô𣿡
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ȻⰲΣյԼȥһЩԼһµˣȥʥӵƤҲˡ
СӾȻҺ˼˵ҿԺ㲻𣿡Ժͨ
ˣαͷ˵һвΪѧԺ棬ʥԺҲٵķϣҶʹһ£ʲôɱǲȥģʲôҪ£˵ɡҶڰ䣬
ȣԺһСӣ˼һ⣬ü˭֪飬ɷϷҲ
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ɶļһС֮ĶȾ֮ʱԺɫһʥԺʥӣʲôɺ㣬֪ζɱʵ
˵ɣءҶ⡣
ʥͻ룬֯ǰʥ춼ǧңԳǩʽѡȡһٸҳѡеЩұóһΪζɱ֮ȻǧҸɳᣬٺ٣ôǷڹң
ټɳôЩУǿĶֻ𾳽磬ǲǻʲôû˵ͷӣлͿţȻһҲ飬аټʱ˵ʮߣҲҪȥһˡ
ټУвٷʥԺһʱ䣬ľսĵȡһؽ׷ڶȻЩĶڲˡ
ǳסɲãǽ˵Ϊʲôǿֻ𾳽磬⵱ȻƵģɳĴ䲻óʮ꣬ҪûһƣɳǿߣΪЩǻѣ޹⣬ʱʥ춼ûЩǿߵĴС
䲻óʮ꣬ôܻڵĸ֣ڶʮ֮ǰܴﵽʾ磬Ѿ˰ɣڶʮ֮ǰﵽ𾳽磬ʥԺҲֻ޼ɣҶüͷһ壬ʲôų֮ˣζɱѾеŲɣ
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⵱ȻԭģӦ֪ϡг̶Ȱɣ˽׵ҲѵһЩ֮Уȴʮؽ׷Щؽ׷ܲһ㣬ЩһЩҵγǩ鵽ЩңǿеĲжѹȣóģȻѹóˣЩҵȻ᲻һУֶεûȥǿǿ߾Ӧ˶ˡ
һУֶΣǿߣϸĻؽ⼸ʣҶͻȻһеͷӣ˼˵ЩǿͨһЩֶβŲģ
ȻԺӣͷȼ̼ͨ鵤ҩһЩڶʱǿ˵ΪǿΪԼŬǱȣһˣֶͨΪһĿΪͣͲǰһº󵱳
ԭЩͨһЩֶΪҲǻʵǿߣҪǵΧһЩʵȥˣһúͷӣȥΪûбĶ͸ң
Ϊٺ٣ʹˣΪʥ쳯ΪܲңγǩһٸУʥ쳯ҲҪʥûһؽ׷Ҫ˼ôʵҵĵغôʵΪ쳯ҫ
⻰ҶһһûͨΪ쳯ҫƭȥɣʥԺȻشʥ쳯ȴǶ⣬ǰΪϼһʲôƨˡ
ôôңɣζȡķֹһǾ߷ʺˣ
ʲô޳ܡͷȥɣҶһȭԶҲûˡ
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ˣСӣЩʲôǸˣЩ涼ʥǿ˽ƣܵѪռƷҲǲܣҵ㻹ʵĿŰɣԺߺ֪Ҷ뷨Ķ¾仰ʱûˡ
ʲôֻܿţҵ˻Ϊ˷׷ɱĶ󣿡
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ЩҶٴ⣬л΢΢еСжϼһﻹȫһˡ
ܵѪϢҶҲֻƵĸԺ۹Ĺ㳡ϣǵļ˻ϺԺһХС
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ھһ޺֮Ҷ˱Ŷɱصȥʥ춼һ·Ⱥɽ࣬ɫɽҰˮƣվоΡ룬ͻȣĿѣԡ


599 ͨ
ϧҶûǸͣҲǼȺɽϿȲǰƬ̺ǰһ˿ֵǰսһ㣬žϱƽǺѸٷŴ
תһɽ꣬Ҷǰһǰһι״ɽεض𣬶ǺХʱŴɽϴ
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վ֮ϣҶۿɽײȺһһ桢С׵硢ǹܲұڳȥ
ǧͬʱȥһᣬ˷׷״˳һ򣬳бѲˡ
һ̣ܳɹұڵˣҾЩɹȥˣҲ۵ĹǺɫ԰ףǹѪ˿ˣһҶҸһƨȻͣشϢš
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ĶɱڣŸĪΣգԲСģͿûʱ򣬿ɱԹԺûǣ
ʱ˿̻˭˳ԺĻһ꣬һǰλұڣһɡ
ӾһԾ£ұڵ£˫ȭսǰ̧ͷͷҲͬʱ̧ȵһЩ˵ĿⲻԾϺ󡭡
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𻢻Ӱߴףʱʱ֣סȫ£еܹĵط
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ҶжһڳֻᶶҲδƣǰĻ桢ǹ׵ѾȻɢôһֱϷɣٶ죬µĵӰȴԵôƮȻ·ǰԵĲڵϸ꣬ȴеС
֮䣬ҶŵĵұڣʱұϵĵӰɢϸĵˣԷ֣µЩӰҲйɿѰģú̲صһصĲ
СѵʵɣҶʧڴеıӰԺûҶ쾪üͷ
˵ǰҶе㲻⣬ôǰڵҶˣǰԼɢƻѹסӶܴϸӦһЩڣͷŵﵽʲô̶ȶоˡ


600
ҶһҶһʪɭС·ϣ鳤ϸ̦Ӳݣɭ֦Ҷűζ
һ紵𽥱䰵ҷҶͶµӰӱЩצĹޣҺ
ҽУѵҵ˷ɱ¾ѾʼˣҶʶһչʱ俪Ȳһɭֵʵо
ǣͼֶԼʶ֮ʱȴ֮ƺһʶãʶչķΧСˡ
ҶѰǿʶҲֻ֮УﷶΧңԶͲˣⲻ΢еơ
ȫʩչʶʮֺһ£Ҷڵ״̬ȫʩչʶСʱͻͷۻĸоҪȫһֱϵĽʶʩչôܽԼʶǰﷶΧҡ
Ҫ֪ƬɭַԲǰﷶΧûʲôãȻа취ǿƳʶӰ죬ֵ˷֣Դˣ治֪ôˡ
ǿʶҲֻ̽ôСһЩ˾͸Сˣ뵽в΢΢ƽһ㣬Լʶջغ̧ȥ
ҶѴ⣬ĿǷʲôմ֣˸ֱҲὫ֮ɢڸñȥᡢȥɱ
ΪζɱıУļֵġ
˭õ˷׷ɱרһõͽ֮׵˶ദˮ롢ҡ
߽ڲ֪֮Уܲľ⣬ȻɽͣԽ߽棬ƽߣȴԽ
˵Ĵܲͨһ̭ˣӦñȽŶԣȴȫ෴治žޱȣһе¡
ҶͻȻüͷһ壬ͣ˽ŲﲻỹްɣȻĻ꣬һ޴İӰѾͷǰԼ״Ȼӹеһ㣬գۼʧ
һͷͳ׵İɫֳͨͣɫëϴһ㵭Ĺٶޱȣ֮ƺصһ¡
ȥޣʲôطѵΪѶȣЩ޽ɣҶѾϳˣղŷɹȥͷڵޡ
ܿҶͷ´ˣȷʵޣһܶ࣬ȴΪŽģǱƬıޡ
Ϊһ·Ѿֻһο޳ˣҪǱŽޣôҲΪԼｨѨɡ
Ҷһ·ûЩޣϾΪһЩ飬֮ٴǰӿ˽Ų
ʱʱĲҽʱѾвٷҵˣڷŲпսԼʱһ˶Уǲ֮ӲƴֻܿһЩֶζȡ
ͻȻ䣬еҶüͷһ壬ͣ¶һӣϸ̽ʲôȻ˲ãϾ¶Ц⡣
ԼǲɢʶȻǰһ̽⵽˷ϢȻϢ΢϶Լû̽
ɾ͵ǹԽԽʱǹдХȴּΪӣл޵ĺ
ҶЦݱٿȻ˰Σ㣬һ·ߣһЩͨޣȴ࣬ⰵ֮ô˶޺ѵⰵ֮еķģǿɾˣ
ʱҶѾǰ֮⣬ȴͣ½ŲסϢԼȴҲΪҵ޺֮о죬ɫҲ쳣ء
һ뵽һؽ׷̶ѨҲҪһοֻһЩѰޣ࣬΢һ䣬ԶƬ̣ߵһϿȵĹȿڡ
ԶԶȥӹȿ϶֮УͿԿһƵĲ̣ҡҷռʣɽ֮УЩ̣ȻÿѼ˵ĸоȴǹޱȡ
Щ̣ҶæסȫϢû뵽Լ´ˣޣȻڵĶȻԼΪΪѾʲôԼ
ɽ֮УҶ˿ȴȻ˿⣬һչ˹ȿԵɽ£ɽµĶˣŷϿȾ߰һƬأͷ֮ȴһǰͨ·ȡ
Ƚ֮ߵɽ£ͻȻսγһֱȣ¶ƽȴǰֱȵ׺ڡ
ͬǰȵ֮һڶڶԱߵɽʯǽУȴЧ
ҶһǼɽ֮С
ˣסΣֵǴʱ˵ؾһ˿ûУټһɽȣʱôҲһĹһʼ޺ХȴͣϢ
ԶסΣŵʱ򣬺ȻȵңһЩǶХХƳҶˣΪ֮
һɣҶһӶǰ䣬Ŀⴥ㿴һƽδ¡
ԭʱȵɽʯǽ¶ǰһƬϣһĹֳ棬Ѫ֮УЩֳɱ
ЩΪֱ֮࣬ƣֵǣЩ֮Уȴһ·еĹֳ涼ĵģľһУȥһ㡣
ҶȫҲһϸһٿǰһʮɵľѪǽ壬ȻͷȴѪˣͷ߷һﵽڵħߣû뵽ֳֹҲǺ޲
ħͷһѪ̲Уһֻƣͱֳ֮ʮƽֳ棬ͷϾһ߹ڣƬɫļƬŭģҲ͹ࡣ
ֻƽֳһĿҶ֪һȺֳߣΪֳһӲףɴʾ⣬ϲûֻͨĹֳ棬֮УΨֻɫֳȴǴﵽ۶徳硣
ǲףֳ֮Уôһֻ֮еĻƽֳ棬ֻӻʲôʳʲô鱦ѳף֮С
ҺֱĳӣֻһֻҪȫ֮Уǵ¾ʥǿҲֻĶӡ
ֻƽֳҲ֪Ƕķ棬Խегⶴڣŷ˻ǾȻѡһطҶӣЦ
ûʲôգԼܲܿסЩֳ治ϵĿɣһסЩž綾Ĺֳ壬ҲǺħߵˡ
ԴˣȡҶԥȻҪԼҲǴѲѣҲǵԼб£ҪûˣǸԼ׷Ҳûˡ
ҶΪѣά֮ʣͻȻȴǴϡϡĽŲǰ˹ȵصЩֹһˡ


601 
üͷ΢壬ҶʱԼȫϢɢʶһķΧڣֻҪʶжԼһʱ֪
һʱ䣬ЩҶΧγһ޵Ļɫ֮ĻһϣȻһʯ治ӰԵرŹ֡
Ҫ߾裬ѾɽڲΧǷǰͻȻһҶãɽȡ
һʮˣﵽ𾳽磬Ķڣһʵǿһ꣬Ϊͷġ
˶˵˿Ҳ̽·ãһ𾳽ڶ棬˻޴Ӻ͵Ϯ
߽ɽȣó˵鶼ܽţСģϾζɱ˶Ҫ޶ֻҪԲСģ͵˵Ⱥš
ܳɹҲδؿ֪һⰵȣЩֳ֮£һǷҲȻԪˣǿҶ԰˼⣬ȴǹֳһΪĳХ
ХסȻ֮ϣֻصĹֳ澹ȻֻɫֳĴ֮£Ÿսɽȵ˷˹
û뵽Щֳ澹Ȼܷɣһ㣬춨רаﲻѣҲҺԼղûȻܷɵĹֳ棬ԼܵĻᶼûУֻ֮Ӳ
ҲҪţЩֻͨĳӣԿ־ܿסȻҲĹֳһǵЩֻһЩͨĳʱȴ˿
Ǻܿ죬Ǿͻ֣ᷢЩֳ沢ô򵥡
ΪֻƽֳһУȴЩӱƷһ㣬ಡǡ
ЩҲȴǱ뺷£鲢λңһ飬һǰһ󣬹âֳʬ䣬һȺأȺǰͺ̣Ȼ֪Ϊ
Щ˵ĹƣʼԴݣɵƽԽԽ죬ʹ֮ƴ䣬֡
ǹֳȻԽԽ࣬աǵأɽȶɹֳڸסˡ
ֳۼѶ࣬ǻƽֳߴ٣ҲʮȺһȺһϣܲ㣬첼һ㡣
ͻȻĲҽһȴһΪƫ͵ĶϣһʱһȺֳģȥ֡
ͬʱһӶ𣬵ǹֳ޿ײ룬ȫѹβʱöУͬʱ˫Ѫаӡ
ֳ׷ѣ׼Ƕ֮ĵѪɽ˲űʮɣ˫һ̱ڵϡ
Ϊﵽ𾳽ǿߣԼĹֳ棬仹࣬Ҫڴ˹֮£־˵ĻҲ޷ʩ
ЩֳӲޣҲӦ֮ΪͼСߣ̫ޣһۼ֮ǿԶʶڵޡ
ڵǿߣۼѣȣǹֳɱ͸һ㣬һ㣬ֻɱõϳʬѻߣһоȴΪȺʳѪѾֻ׹ˡ
ҶȻԼ֮ս龰ҲĺҶоȲѼ䡣
ǻƽֳͻȻһֻؼӿɴٶȣԶһʱʱֵصǹ⣬ж磬˫չǽɫļż̵⣬һ䡣
ĻҶæֺʮɣԭΪɫĹֳ֮кû˶ԣڿǼĹ⣬϶δȥӶˣҶԴ󣬴ʱȴҲҿ̫Ⱦ϶Ҷɾ͵˰˱ùˣϷȻŪж
ԶԶȥƽֳڿչӺ󣬾ͬһΣֻǰͻһԲĹͷ澹һŹһϸСȴĹݡ
ȫ㣬жתʱ˫ȻѼֻǼ˸ǻ˵ǰ
ԸֻɫĹֳ棬ȥЩͨĳȫˡҶԶԶȥֻһīɫӰӣǷɣֱɫĹֳȥȴУǸΪߵ֡
ʯһɲǣֳ棬ƴ˿ȫͻȻһޣбϣǰ汩˹ȥ
䡭¹ƶգ۱һ֮ͣ˵ľѼµĶ淲ǱⲨģ̱࣬еĲ֫շ衣
ɫֳҲ֪һ󣬾Ȼͣסһչ̶ּХ֮һű̵Ĺţӽڿɽʯ᾵¶С
ɶ񣬲һͬϲǼڶСɫֳХԽԽԶǴɽ֮Уͷݺһ䣬عͷеһ𾳽˵
ͷһ˽ȥģɽޱȣֿ۰ףǿ֮ˣܽɽȥε涾֮沫϶Ҳʵǽһ˰ȫЩ
֪ж꣬ͷһ谵ڸ֮䣬ҲΪʹһתҲ֮ɢɴ󾪡
жˣһ϶Լһιֳľ綾һ˵꣬ͷϥ˹ȥ
жˣãĺܺãʱͻȻһ䳹ǵЦȴһ𾳽ɭ˵û׿үҲн죬̶꣬Ҵôᣬ̱үϲʤϲʤ
ʲôһͷ֮׿һתŸζڵϣ˫΢һ֣һֳצĿעŲ
ѵûж׿ưڳһƣЦٿȻסĿȻ׿תһȦͻȻЦԭǹ򶨣ٺ٣
׿߳һȵʮǰǱүҸ㣬ΪӣԶͷû뵽ĹεĶ쾹Ȼ˶ң
ЦδסͷΪСдҲҪ㰡ǼҵļҵôһһӣСʵڲĥҵļҵҴͰɣ
㡭Цеּ޿ֵζʹ׿вһݣ˵סˡ
һ׿үԼԾñү֣ѡȡһɣҶ֣ܻеʹҪã
ѵΪ˶ϹֻҪɱңҸһŹ쵰ġ׿ּȴǿ԰ţеϢϣԼȥڵľ綾
ߣȻϹӣѾҪˣѵ㻹ûνͨӡĹ֮ЩȻޣ۹ֶΣǷȣڵޡ
Цһ˶ˣ常׿үΪ£жϢ֪᲻ᱯʹǿ̡ߣֻҪͷһСģֻ²ŹңҿǷŲŹˡ


602 
쵰ҾҲҪһ⻰׿ǴŭźٿȻָ΢ţ伲磬ֱѵݳȴԴһ˿
һ֮ƣԳƵĳѴһĹббƻ
һʽ׵ѹ𣬵˿鼱֮£ȫһ֮ʢȴг׵š
ٺ٣ȻжˣΪǰЦһ΢Ѻ߳ߣЦһҲԽɭҹ䡣
ɱҲˣ׿һգ֪ԼѾޣƺһŲһгһȦһգۼֻ꣬쳯¡
ȻȴЦֻߣһȵáãȻԸԾ͹ֲĺҪԳֳˡ
ЦԽٿȻͷĽӰܣֻҪһǶзҲܵˣǽɫֳľֻɫζĶҲܶʩչȻͲһˡ
Ӱɣ˲Ϣ֮ǿУǿүܾ綾ȻǰԼһҲԼĵˡ
һеľ֣֮죬֮󣬵ȷ޷ݣֻǿǵĹֳ棬׷׻Ϊĩʮһо綾׿ֵ¿ɾ͸֧ˡ
ʱ׿ѻֻ࣬Ѷ裬֪Ҫɱǲܵģǿ԰࣬㻹еԣͲҪҸףֻҪ˵һ仰׿ôԣֻǡ
ʲôֻǡٴһЦĻĿаһתŶ׿үģȥһͷӻúúõģ׿үòӣСܸԵ׿ү֮󣬻ûһ̵ġ
ޣδ䣬׿һз˴ǽҪȻԼ֮⡣
ٺ٣ҵү㻹𣡡ЦˮţżһӣզûһУʽϣ̳ˡ
˴˿̾뽫׿Ʋþ綾ȫ֧أس֣ǰ¶ѹͷϵĴүܾ
ȻΪ㡣ͻȻһ䵭֮ӲȴҶʵڿȥˣٿȻ
Ų˹ȥгһӣһǾĳ磬ӭŲǺ޷ĺȥһХ쳹ɽȡ
ҶͻϮһеֻ֣䡱صһݺݵڵһ֮ϣʱʯɽһƬĹֳҲ׷ز
ӾϻҲһҲܿǹֳ渲ˣԴˣҶЦһȴûٿһˡ
һԼĹֳһת׿Աߣһֳ׿ƴ²ɱȷѪ档
ҶǷӵΣٴͻȻԾʮЩ˶ǹֳΧн˳Ȼȫӿ˲չ֣Ҵ˶˽
һʣͷ֮䣬׿ƣҲƾôˣҶǰöʥ΢ʱвŲʥԺʥӡҶ
Ҷ΢΢һűЦϵң
ʥԺʥӵĴ˭֪οǼ޽еĽʥӣǶꡣ
ٺ٣벻ڲŵܻ³
ҡ
Ҷգգ۾Ц㵹ң⵹һ£Ϊ˷ѵ֪̾Ҫǵô⻰ҴʮɫȻ䣬׷ǰ׿ǰ棬ĶҶ
׿ȻҲɫ΢䣬ǿЦŵ˵ЦˣҪɱǣղֺαسˡ
ѵҾͲȾǣɱ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦгһΣһ˱ȥ
£ֹݹҵðˡ׿Ȼ϶¶֮ǳ
ߣҶ䡮ߣһ̬ȻƮȻǰֻžžһ죬׿˵ʮƣ׷Ҷ⵹һߡ
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ЩְŵļһֻҶ̧ǰͻȻٽ׿ϴȥ
ֱʱ׿ȥɫ䣬Ծ㡭ǡһ仰δ˵꣬Ǳ˶סʺҲ˵һ֡
ֻҶгǰһ׿ʮԽѪǺڵġ
֣ѵĲһҪôȻ򶨡һЩѪУ̯ƣżѪ飬ڵйâ
һĻ׿ȴ˿һ𣬵ڵϲл¾֮ձк񱨡
ҶЦ񱨾ͲˣҵԸǾƲǵģ֮ǰȴ㸸׵İΣǸТӣڵĶѪѷųʱ󣬾ͻָΪ֮ɡ
һ˵꣬Ҷ֣ȻŹȿڿ͵ȻĹֳУһ·
ʲô커ȥعͷʮĿɿڴ£Ҷȵ
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ҲߣүеҪˡǵӰȴҶһʯ֮ϵĲһڵطһҲװҶˡ
ָһһ΢죬ֻǵӰͻȻҺһ˫棬شѪָ˼Ҳᶯˡ
һĻҶЦһżһ㣬㳯ӹȥȻһʯ֮ϣ֮ڵϣЦû£ܣǿɲɡ
ʱĲȫѪģԹؿҶһۺ󣬾ȻͻȻۡع
Ҷ̾ҼСˡҲ٣̾ݾýⱰɵļһһҲò㣬ΪװȻܵǹֳĿ֮ࡣ
⻰ɫˣѶǹֳĿ֮࣬Ƿܵģҡҡ
ҶЦҵˣҸһ·ߣǾǸҽǷȡ
һʵѰٲһǶǹֳţǶ
Ҷߵǰ˵ǶйֳĹֶǶʩչһΣѾٴʩչˣǹֳ浱ʱ׿һȻûҪҲһشʵ֣ѵƷǹֳ治ɡ
ӣҡҡСˡ


603 
ٷϻҽȥδˣҶһͻȻ߳ߵõ׼ֺݣֻһ·ĺڵĶڡ
Ҷߵԣٲ˵ֻԹҶһۣȻԹԵȥߵһĽ䣬ͣҶ˫۾һŹ⣬ݶĹ⣬Թ޵Ĺ⡣
Ҷȴǲ֪͵͵Ĵһ˷Ĺֳ˺󣬳ŶﵭĶ˾仰һʱ䣬ûа㽫óҾԴҡһЦҶһеĲͻȻһȴҶ֮ǰͽƿ˿Ĳϡ
Ҷ䣬䡱һͻȻһ죬һЩСʯ龹ȻӶڷ˳֮µĲʯм
ҶȴǺ⣬һֲϵĻų˲Ĺֳ棬һȴͻȻȡһ㳦ᣬҧһڣ㳦ζȻܲ
˵Ҫһ֮ãܻʥ춼һҾ¥ǧԪ飬˼ʳ֮С
Ҷ㳦ĳ֪꣬˶ãֻͻȻŭĽһӰλε˳
˸߳ʱͻȻûԻҫۣҶ۾гһߣȥȴʱһ׶͡ǹǴⶫϷġ
ǲԼƿ˿ҶЦãòߣȳɽ˵һ꣬һҡҡλεĲѸٵŹȥ
Ųɽȣһ£Ҷ㽫Ȼ΢ЦĴùǼкúðһᣬŴ˲һۡ
ȴǷһھȻǳ࣬Сˣѵ֮ʣʱȥҶ΢΢һ
ʱŷڲǰϸϸСףЩСðһЩȳĺɫҺ壬ЩҺڲҶϣǷˡꡱűðź̡
ĹϸףҶееϤϸһ룬ŷСװڷŵλǹֳһ
ǽɫĹֳȻòɱˣȻҲֳֹܵһʱ˶ѿɶˣɴ˿ɼǹֳһĶǶôľҡ
뵽ҶҲһҺôȻԼ֮£ɶ˵ĿܾԼˡ
ҶȻ뵽Ƕ֮Ķ򵥣ôҲ뵽ȻôһǿҲֿһʱ̡
ֶҶûа취ɽ⡭ģҲ
СӣǱ˲㣬Ҳʳԣֻȷʵ޿ɾҩˣ˾ʹˬȥɡһӳ˶Ķ֮࣬Żһǽ֮ޡ
𻯺󣬵һؽ׷ҶⲻڵҸطúõĽⷨоһҪܽĽƵǾ͸ˡ
û뵽Žõһɲһ㣬ӦǶʮżŬˡ
ȻȫŪ塢ôҲӦŪְɣȻ̫ԲԼð֮ˣʵʵڶġ
ԼҲעֹñϣϾʱѾ˼ѱ֮˶ϣû٣ɱ˶ᱦɶǵȰ
ԼֻҪԲСģͿܻΪС
õһҶôȥĽơ
ҵ˿ïܵĴΧЩεĽƣרоƽⷨϽƵʱҲӭɱ¾ߡ
ĽɫΪ˵õķ˻ǧķ׷ʩչ˾ɱֶΣǶһЩС˴ϴԽǿĵشģɱ¾ԽƵѪȵȻżʵ൱ġǿһ𣬵˫ûʮİʳɱԷͻǳĬ޶ãڻƴʱ
Ȼ۴еЩƴɱֻҪɱҶǰҲȥˮġ
ֳǼ׶ΡķҶǿôϲ߲˶죬ҲòЦһǷˡ
ԭƾԼĸֶΣпƵʥǿⷨĽƣⷨ˭ֶٰþȴǶԷϵĽһҲûС
ϰ죬ŽպãԾյνƵħȻЩħѾˣյħҲǿͨѶˮǮһơ
̧ͷΧһۣʱӦѾвٷ˷֣õ˰ɣˣԼҲҪжˣȡǺᣬһҪȡٵõͷһ𣬾Ҳ಻סˣϢƬ̺󣬾ȥ
ӣһô˲䱻ԶԶӰصľڷٺˣҶҲ֮
鱼ʮͻȻһ״ĵ˸ԼҶЦһ˽ԼĿˣ˲˷Ӧһת䣬תսǴһô档
Ӱʸ˹ͣһĴƺĿôͻȻʧȥӰ
ʲôˣΪθңȻһɭɭȴеϷݵ
ԴʧɫתâһѩѾУһһ󲨶ȵܣ֣սپ
ȣ˻䣬ͬʱһžâǰҶ˹δ;Ѿ˶쳤磡˼йֱɱС
֪˺ľɱҶź«ƮƵһϣɱҲ񱩵
Ҷϸո뿪ôб˽ʸƳյХ䡱һ쳹Ƭɭ֣ȻǰվĴΧʮô˹УΪľм
ܣӼ֣ˣƺҲ֪ǵ˲ǵˣһУȻɣͷˣʱĻӰԼٶҶߡ
ߣҶŭһڰһתұ͵һ˦еƿ˿ʱ׷İɫ磬ƺʱհ˲
æĻĹ죬ͻȻͷһ󣬾Ϳƿ˿ľ󣬲ɵɫ䣬˼æƣһƿ˿ӭȥ
ʱҶٻʮ˾ɵľ룬һΪֻҪİ׹⣬㹻ʱʩչ
ǣûǻع;ȵĿҶͻȻصһЦһֳֻһӡ
ͬʱһͻȻе˲΢΢һۣƺʲôҧһڣű䣬е磬ȡ
ȡŸճڣһתһڣ²֪ˡ
ܣվһĻԲĿɿڴɰһж÷־ŭʧ˳
ۼҶ嵽ǻԶľʱֻǰһӣһ׹һֱĶܾͷ­һᣬͷµµĹ䵽˵ϣͷȴ˼Ե˵ϣ߸ߵѪ
һĻϴеԼֱðԷɱ˵ֶΣ̫ˣȻܸɱˣһоǻŭ
СӣҶȻе˿˿亹ӶͻȻʹʧֵܵıȴʹˣȴǲ뵽ֵնɱʱǺθ롣
ŭһʱҶͻȻжһɾ˵ӻǱ߳𣬲һ̧ȥ
ֻ˵ϹâţһӲӵԲι״Ư˰УǴӴϴģ
ؽ׷Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬е㾪оϲĽԻûҲ˵һ
û뵽ֵܾȻѾһȻʥǿ˽ƲʹûǿԵģֻСˡ
ǼԲι״ӭգۼͱɸʮ޴⻷ƣ䣬ʵھˣ䵽Ҷͷʱֱֱ
ʱҶҲ룬ԷҲһڵǿߣõؽ׷һȻԶջƿ˿ӻȡǡ׶Ρ㶪ȥ
ءؽ׷ײ涼һľһζľҶҲ춼
ҶûЩڶ׶Ρһ˲䣬һˣ֮죬һ·ϵӰ֣Եù֮
ǰʱǿд߶żʵصһҽ棬ֱֱմһ֮ƣ־һǻ
ۿҶĹѵ˱޿ɱܣһ˿ɫȻȫеעг֮УȻӭϵҶĳ
䣡˫ſ磡
˵ʱƷ˳ȥȻײڴֵŽȥͣкȻ󾪣˺û񾫴
֮ͬУֻ֮⣬ԼҲǱǸϽ뷨ĺãʱҲ˹ԼҴ˱ǰװӱʮ겻
ڻ֮δȫȻع֮ʣͻһǿľֳֳȻٶ
Ҷ׷Ĺ˿һϼҲγһ֮ӣһȻȲҲҪ汳
𣬿ϧûˣҶЦһֳվȥȴǰ׹һһû
׹⣬һʱĳ׹һ֮ͻȻûԴ
ʱȻڿеĵؽ׷ˣӵתܣȴǲ֪תһ˲䣬Ҷȴ¶һЦݡ
ȻҶϵЦոȥձԶĻȴͻȻһҽУҲͷӷ˼ҡ
ɱڵļһǷѾջǸǰƿ˿Ҷ΢΢̾һŵǿеԲηʱȴ˷
ѷһգǽָԭΣɻصҶУȴһ̵߳ĽԼǡ׶ΡһţȴǺ˿
Ūô죬ﲻ˾ôǸϽ뿪ĺãԼѾжؽ׷˭֪ˣҧһڣ
΢΢һ·Ҷʬûһ٣ʹѵռ뿪˴˵ء
һ뿪ղŵս֮أҶ˸طר־оŷƽְ֮װ׺ķʱȴòٴηˡ
Ƶ̾Ϣһĵؽ׷ڴѰĿǶƣû˻Ӷġ
Խļ죬֪Ǳ˵ãûѰʺԼֶ񣬷кüñ˵Ŀꡣ
ϰٺˣлʮǿߵΧҶԴҲ֮ӲԽļ죬ʱ䣬ñ׷ܣǸƣ޷
ʱѻƵ֮УҲʽһ쵱ʱ򣬿ݻƵҶд˿˿о裬һľģҶӶȹĵʮҹˡ
ڴУһϮ˲е˿˿⣬ʱҶ缸͵ֵϸķţϰ󣬲Ųòٴ̾ϢĽ֮˻С
ʮ죬˸տʼ˶ƺ˾Եˣ⼸첻һҲûõҺüζΧѲ
뵽Щ΢΢ЦһóӣȻȡһЩʳ棬ʱ˵Ũ˱ƣ˺һֻҧһڣȿСƣ۾


604 Ѫϴ
ȻҶζͬʱԶȴһĻһɱ¾ʱһסأһųǹڱŬɴעǰԶƺЩʲô
ڱվֱʹǰ㣬ÿڱϣŬһƺûпʲôġһĺҹԵø̶δüκηӦӰѾ𰵺Ѫ
ڱƴȫгϮ̶̵֣һ仰ȴͬһ޷гĽһٴԼĻڵϣûзһ˿ϢȥˡڱأӰʧ΢УƵĲҽУƽ
ʵжֻһݣһϵежָзΪѼ̵һϴչĵڶ־ɱˣһЩСעҪ׵ʧ֮С
͵ϮεջʱǱѾڼž֮УȴͻȻһɫӰתۼʧ˺ڰشУӰٶжô죬˷ˡлڣҪĶϣ죬ˣһһһӿǰĺ׷ȥ
͵Ϯ֮ˣһ֮ԣ΢΢һ㶣ʱ˵βȥʮڼžĺҹȻԵͻأ˶ڴд֮ʱȴûһԵôɣ˵ʵ治С
ҶһƺУζʱͻȻмٵĽŲͳصĴϢԶƺԼصĴܶ
Ҷǳ鶯һ£ﲻ΢ŵ˫ĿεˣʵѷǴطɱ¾ˣԼеԶ벻ᲨԼʼҲû⣬ȴû뵽ӳһˣȴǺĽЩԼ
һˣҶʶ̽һ£Լʮﵽ𾳽磬ϢôȶЩͨһЩֶǿ˾硣
ԼʵˣʤҲǲʤҵʱпһЩʱ֮µԼ㣬עɱ֮С
˵زٴˣøϽ·ҶûԵʳеһռվʱȫ
ѡһ׼˵ʱһͻȻһűǼӰҡҡλǼӰʮĿĹӰ׷Ҳ׷ɱǰˡ
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΢΢ŮһۺҶֱӹǲУЩ׷ɱӭȥ
ͷĽ꣬ҶٻӭΪǶԷԮˣʱߣɱ⣡ʱʮ˵٣һ
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֪ԼսˣΧ֮˶ԻȻȫ⣬ȫܣֱԼ˹
Ҷһת˲ҪĴ򷨣Щ˶Ǽʿ
ԼȻְ׹һƿ˿ֱȻԾǿߵ󣬻һʱһѪͷ׷ɲ
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ջƿ˿׷ǰǸɴŮӣһסȻһץסۣкһģҲɱġһ꣬ҲŮα飬ͼǰȥ
ŰɴŮǰǻ׷ǰʱֻǰܵļˣѾúΧˣʱڲҵĲɱš
ҶɴŮӷʮɿһӰ£˿ͣ«ǧ⻪˿õӭȥһĽǱ׷ɱɴŮӵһѾһظ
ˣҶһЦͻȻȵɱһ
һҶΪ֮ڳ̧ͷȻֲԼ׷֮һֱܣԭ֣ʱκλ˵˫˶˵͸Խսһ
ս֮У˫˭Ҳûз֣ǰ֮ȴһЩʵ˱սˣսȦ밵Ӱ֮Уʧ
˳սҶ֪˫ʵ࣬ҪֳʤҲһʱ£ɴŮԼǰ֮
ɴŮӷɺúҶЦվɴ۾ѽһʱǸˣӦòʲôɡ
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ҶЦԲȻҲɱ㣬ȴʵڻܷ㡣
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ҶЦ˴ĽƾԶ⿪ͺúõϢһɣ˵һ仰ҶһתҪ뿪ˡ
֪ҶͻֻعͷЦˣУǻ׷㣬Ӧʲôöɣ編ţҵһˣ
һ⻰ɴŮ㡭ң
ҶЦʲôҵģСҾȵģ㶫Ҳݰɣ
һ꣬ҶϺ޹˼ɵһƬȴһȻŮѳһؽ׷һŻ顣
һĻɴŮƴҧ˵Ͼ֪ˣ޷ʲôˣԼ˵Щʲôݻܻеÿԣ⡰ǰࡱܲʱǲԵĺá
û뵽û밡㾹ȻõоȻмֲҪˡǼ뻳Уգգ۾ŵŮĻУЦãɣ㻥ֹ˭ҲǷ˭ˡ۾ŰɴŮ۾Ҷͷ
ҶȺĺɴŮĶ㡭㻹ô
ҶЦӦкüûԶٺõ˰ɣҾٸö㳢һӣʱװֱðʳӳ˰ɴŮǰ
ЩˣɴŮӾ㡭ЩǴŪģ
ٺ٣еóԾͳ԰ɣҶһ㣬ֿԶ󣬾ʧںڰУĻƴӦҲҪ˰ɡ
ҶȫϢսԾһô̽ͷɱҡͷԵǼѽҪ˰
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ȴҶһȣͻȻսȦ֮УƮƮ֮£ֻŲʿͷһʱһԴĲ飬к«һնһԴա
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ҽδ꣬Ѿ
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ȴֻ֮У⣬˼ѾĸɸɾûҲȱ첲Ͻŵķˡ
ǳֽЦվսϵİӰȴͬʱ֣ŭʲôˣΪʲô
ҪˡҶȻ˵һ䣬«΢΢һػӹ涼ʹõ汻һžԵſ˲նɱˡ
ֻ㻹ûⱾ¡ʱȫУҶѾĬ˻һ꣬ʱּһ
ʱѾ̫ˣҶ۾һֱӳ󷽵˳˹ȥȻֱҷߵˡ
ǽһᣬһҷ˵ԴȴͻȻֿգҶЦһջƿ˿ٳ֮׷ȥ
·ɣŸԼֻʮ֮ԶߣҶһȫת֮ע«֮Уһȥ
䡭һһֱӽ屬ѿѪɽ֫ȫĩ


605 
ûǣСүô˵ŻŲȴǲһߣȻѳһɫİ󣬿ҲûСĵ뻳Уһ˳˹ȥ
Ƕͷ֮˵ʬϣַ䱳ŵ壬һֱҲͬɢŵĺɫ΢Цķ˻УҶĺ˿
ͷ΢΢һֱۣߣôĶѲǾô֮أóԶطźãȻԻԼվ
ҶŸոձ·ͻȻм˸ĿĹŽΧ룬һŽ߳۵ӰֳΣòҲ֪ԼΧסˡ
Ҷап࣬ԼôûȲ̽ߵһ£̫ˣ͵ּȴûб¶ֻüʵ֪λкιɣ
ʱΧסҶЩҲڴⷽԲ·һˣƾѵ˵նɱôе㲻ܰɡ
˭Ϊʲô֪ǰЩǺɱͻȻһʵѶɱ㲻ɱҲûʲô¡
Ҷȴûлش˵ʻǰԲ̽һΧĻԼܿóΧסԼİ˸ɢϢӳѾԼȴֻڵĸ֣ԼҪͻҲǲѡ
ҶҪߣȫëͻȻͬʱҲŸеһΣУΣյĸоǴ˷ġ
ֻüͻȻ߳ӰҶܵλǰңңԽҶֱӰΧ
ˣҶ΢΢̽һɢϢȻڵĸ֣ʮеĳ·ҶѸ޴ˡ
͡⡭ϮǣͻȻһ϶ȴǸ֮УһһѪָҶ
һˣҶɫˣڸղսҴµ֮УҶʱЩȫˣһʱеҲԺɱ֮ˣЩѶԼûʲôΣˣû֣ȴ룬ȴǸԼΣ
ҶĮһۣȻ΢ЦΧԼʮˣ˵ʲôҪɱˣ
¹ضɡΪ׵һЦ˵
仰ҶҲŭƽĵЦһ˵ҵڴˣбǾðɣδ£ѾΪһУ˲˺˿ΧȦ⡣
أը죬ڹ⡢ҹ⡢⡢⻥ŽʮͻȻðɫţŸȫȻγһʮ״
Ƭ̺󣬹𵴵Ŀں¡¡лƽһжָԭȵΣ֮⡢ױ𵴷·δƵġ
Ҷ˷𵴵ط˿ȥ䵽ϺǿʺðζѪȴʮ˵İΧС
ߣǲͻȻһңңʮ󣬾ʥǿҲñοһС
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䡱һҶδ˽;ͻȻ׹һԼʱͬײǺ嫵Ĵһ㣬ԼĹȥɣлһһǿƹԼ
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ݣʮǿ߼ͬʱʮɫ⳯ҶȥɢؿֲϢҶҲеļ¡
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飡ӭҶʮˣ׷׸ܵһɿֲ˹ʮ˾ȻҶķ˿󷨵ķ֮£ȴûʲôˡ
ʱ˲ںҶ֢ȴǿʼⲻϵس鴤ȻµѪҺʹȫѵ˿Щ˿ʵ̫ˣֻҶ˿ڲС
ȻںʹҶõǰδеŴʱԼԿնɱʮˣҶ˿ڱʧȥ˴ѪʹеһͷΡ
ڵϵҶǳĵĿʮһۣ룬ںӦ㹻ʱʹЩˣȡϵķһԼܵں֮Ҳֵˣû뵽ںϵĺ֢Ȼôˣһεķ֮࣬Ҫװˡ
«һһâȻһγһϬ侪˵ϸ⻪һƿʮ󡱵ĽƣʮĿɿڴΧУҶΪһ׹⳯ɭзӶݶȥת˲Ӱ
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ֵǣ׷˿϶ǿȼʩչʲôУǿ֮ĩһǿߵһӦһ׷ȥ
ʣµЩһȣһѹˣڳˣԺ˻ָӵ˽еǵجΡ
һˣ׷һ뵽Ҷϻŵؽ׷һ۾ȫˣһֳ׷ɱȥ
ǵſҶԾİ׵㣬ֱ֣ȫգ۹ʧԶĺĻʱ
ǲ֪ʱҶٶǶôĿ£Զ׷ϵģ׷ǧ׾˻ˣϾ֮еɱΪ׷Ҷ壬ǾͲˡ


606 ڶʳ
֪ɱ˶·⻪ȻȥҶһ۵Сɽͷǿһڰ֮ɫ԰׵ҶҲܲסɣһѪ
ѾΧضķλ¼ħ˸׵ƺҶ㱳һʱһֱûôܹ˵û뵽һһģͷϲϸСѪ飬Ҳǲ˿˿Ѫߣʹѵָ˲ǵѪ
Ŀһ˿ңԵԶԡѪþħɭεμտµضܹ࣬ӳǽңҪƴǿںֻ׶༪١
ˣѾҲû뵽ںȻôǰںֻһһգ˲Ϣ֮£ѪҺѹסơ
ڣԼǿ֮࣬ͼֶܳ룬ȴŪ弴㲻ǧٿףܵ˴ҲصĳԤϡ
ȡһö˵ⶫʥҩ֪ܲԼķ֮ˣֽ֮УʱΪһɫҺ˳žһȦһȦػѭڲˮɫҺ޸塣
ʵ¹ȫеɢڻָʱһ֮ӿͷҶת˿Χӣоǲױ֣ΧһϢССƣȻ˫ۡ
ʵĵطԶЩֻҪһ㣬һ׷ҶȴҶٶȾˣҲҺúˣҶӹһ١
ҶȻ˯ˣζɱʱ䲢ûĻ˯ֹͣȻڸɱ¾лţһ졢졢ʱܿȥ
Ҷ֪Լ˯˶೤ʱ䣬ҲǲԼж೤ʱû˯߹ˣһ׵˯˸˯Ļ찵أ˯ĺ֪
˯عУѾڲ֪Ȭһײ조žͣ·һڱ졣
֪ζɱʱȥûУԾһô̧ͷһºҶһϸһԼϵԼΪǿںȻʹĹһ֣⵹΢΢ее⡣
ҪԼַͨʽʵǻˣֻոջζһǷ˵ʹ࣬Ҷ̲סһ
ɾʱԸ̾еҶɫȻһ䣬һáһɣһɽʯľУѾһӰʮɡ
ڵϺҶһĳԼովĵطԶԶȥֻǵطȻһҵĹУΪһƬ档
˭ĳɨһȦҶһΧȴһҲûУƾճֵһ㡣
ʱŷͬеһ򵥣ôһʱȴͻȻ־һæ̧ͷԶȥ
ֻ⻪磬ҺвʱһҶһüͷѵڻƴȻôƣ
ƺķʣһ̣һңңըڴϿա
죬Ȼ뽫ķ͸ңǱ˾Цˣ
仰Ҷ΢΢һһȻȥһ̽ͷ֮һ˭ѽȻҶСô
ȻҶһֱͲôĹ죬ҲòСԼһֱΪΪǿ֣ǿӵǻ޻𻢺󣬾͸ˡ
ֳһǿĶְʱҶǰĽк̧֮ͷһȥ
ֻǰһƬ޴ĿյУ໥ţһִųķг죬͸Ƭɱݺᡣ
ʱǰվϵԵעĿһ˵ȻҶʶ죬ʱϸ۾Ŷһۼ׵꣬ɫɳҪСĴ˶ƤҪҵķߣֻ㻹񣡡
ٺ٣Ƿϻ˵ɣ˾͵ðѷһ꣬ɳʮɣֱŶ칥ȥһ·жֳģӰ
˵ʹиԣֻǿҲиƴˣһŰڰҶ°ͣòĵװ޵
Ȼ˵пҲǶ˹˼ɵĺܣɳһҲҵһŭⷢǻΪһϸĽ˺ѳգڰ·ûʮӰӭֱɳ
ɳһ䡰ߡҲ;л˷ȴǸ⵽ҶõǼηенɨ˺УһɫĻͿ쭰ѴϮǰʮӰһɨա
мҵײУӰһˣֻ֣̽Ҷ֪ϷںͷԶлޣھȻû壬Ϊɱˡ
ףʮʲô𾢵ҶһֻۣʮΧһȦ۾ȦǷʯʯϵǸסɫӡ
ǸӣҶ۹һԺжȻð֣һ˲ѳ˸ͨ͸
ʲôɳڶս˭ˣͰѸԵõ˷ԷǷʯϷŵӦþǸԼķˡ
ɳĹѾ˺Ѿ˻ԵĹ籩꣬ƼΪˣ
˫֮мҲ֪ά˶೤ʱ䣬ֱԶ׷׻޸Ҷ֪ߡˣԼĻҲˡ
תͷٴοһǸʮǿصܵˮ©ʯҶűһ££Ҫǿжȡӵɫӣֻ»δӽǷʯ̨ͻᱻʮֻɱ
һЩССֶεĻͲͬˣҶո˵Ϊһеĵһ֣ٶױȣ˼ֻ΢ԥһ£ɫɫϣȻǰСǷʯ̨ȥ
Ƿʯ̨ʮʱΧĵʮ⣬ΧҲƬѲ飬֮䲻ףصĺ©
ҶˣѾ޷ȻͼǰһԼεϢͻ˾쵽ˣ
ܵһλˣ΢΢һЦҶȡƿ˿͸ҲãȻƹΧЩѲԱƿ˿ʮǿǰʱҶŬʹ֮¶һЩϢѸ档
ʱҶһХƿն룬־ٺ«ѾһݺݵĳУʱѪĽжҽС
һˣҶɣɱѸ磬Կ쵽˼ٶȳ֮Уһ˲䲻Ӱ
һĻֻ˵һգоˣ֮֮ͣѸ֮ʯ쾪š
˶ûعʱʯ̨ͻȻ׹Ⱪǣ顱һɫϵֶʱΪ˹㣬űɫӰ׹һǲӰ
ã˵ˣڳ˾һ׷Ѹʯ̨ȥֻǷʯ̨֮ϣ˼ѵʯ⣬ȻĿտҲ
ͳͳס죡ʱһХһɫĹӰԶݶʯ̨ߣ⻪ȥȴղڴս꣬Ƿʯ̨ô£
˵̧꣬ͷʮֿȥðǿҵɱ
үǡ˵ʮȴһʱ䣬ȻҲ֪Ӧô˵ˣƬо
Щػסŭһһ£ײذʯ̨гһӡ
飡ʮҷǿߣʱ׷ɨ˳ȥһڵϣãſѪ
أһʯ̨󣬽һǸʮȥһ·Ʋϣƺ˲ѡ
ˣѵ㵱滹Ҫɱǲɣɳһһ̤缸֮ңȭһšɨ顱һһɢĹӰ
쵰ҽѵ£Ҫܣһŭӽͳɳ˹ȥ
Ɀ˲ɣоǰѷһٴɣɳֻһײһȦɢ
ɫ˿ƽɫʵȻһһַʵѷһ
ףɳЦһûһգ̧ͷҶʧ˷䵭ЦһһϱɢԼȦ˷ȥ
ãɳƤһ˿죬عͷȻ֪ʮǿߵػµ߷ģһûԶ׷ļ
㻹ʲôȥ׷һ£Ȼô˵ȴûжһоһ˿֮ɫ
ߣ֪ôɳŭһһӣʹԼ£Ҷܵķ׷ȥ


607 
ɳԥ׷ȥһ뵽ɳһЩĸټɣпһط뵽һӣҲǴ¸ȥ
뿪ﲻú󣬵һ棬һһӰ¶Σ̽ͷ̽Եϸ̽һΧĻ˳˲Ҷ˭
Ҷʱ洺ʯ̨ԱߣһѵʯһķңͻȻһʯ˳׹һʯɢȥȻ¶һװ׵Ľᾧ塣
׾һһ飬׾ʱ㻯Ϊһ˿ߣ¶ǸɫĴӣǾɫƿ˿ûнɫӵߣͨƿ˿ϢĹܣڵص׽һЩǿ飬Ȼ֮˲佫ɫӰһʯһЩʯӷһ
ȻʱҲֱӽӵߣûƿ˿ȡʱʯ̨ߵʮǿߣԲòų²ߡ
Ҳû뵽Լ֮٣Ȼһʱͷڱ˷׷׶Ϊ÷Զ֮ʱȴû뵽ȴǵƤӵ£˼еġǡһʱǱѼϡ
һ·ɱȻѾûˣ˿ɫĴӣ΢΢һЦҲжټһʵÿһӦеġ
˵Ҳ㣬ͽ֮˱ϣﲻǾô֮أǸϽ뿪ΪȻЩһܺܿͻ׷
̧̧ϵһЩм̧ȥͻȻ䣬ԺȻһЦǺüƲߣֶΣֻϧĶУһɳ
ʱɳ΢ЦĴһ󻺻˳֪û뿪һоΪǱҲôǿе߷һЩֶν֮û뵽ñ˲¶ˣ
Ҳò㵱Ǹˣϧˡһ仰δ꣬Ҷһչ׹һѾӰ죬ʮ֮Զĵط
ߣܣ̫ôɳŭһⱩУȻǻ޸ˡ
ʱֻɳλһֻӴĽɫӰֳ˫һȣ˶ʱΪһ⣬Ҷ
ҶѾ֣ôʲôɳ˿ȥɳһķŭٶȲѸǰȥ
ƾԼٶֻҪмͿ԰ʱãã֮УǾɣΣٶ࣬롣
ۼϮҶ侪ǲţǰδеٶȷתһ̣ζʱΪӰѸʮɶ㿪һ
Ҷһߵľʯٱܣ֪£ԼٶȱȲˣǳں˫꣬ȻԼǰڲˣǳں˫껹Ƕм˺ǱҪǻеġ
СôˣܰҵҪ仹˭ٶܱȵңҶͣɳǴһͣЦ
ɳĿԣҶȴû⣬ǲףȻ֪û뿪ΪʲôҪЩĴȥѲأ
ߣûǱȡ÷ǻкǱƽ֣ɳһ¶һ˿թСֻһ·ߣǾǰѷԹԵĽңȻһ
ۿɳľԽԽԶҶһϲδüˣͻ
ɳĸ޾ȻһͷɵıûӦڷϵĲҶδüϸ룬ǰС·ȻըѣƬŽ䡣
һ뺷Ӱ˶ؽڿһŭХһҶͷ
ʲôٶȣҶ澪һٶ԰ھȻһٶȱҪˣβ𾪡
⻰ҶһǸ׳գ˵·𣬰ѷҲһ˭ѡ·
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ûѡˣͷҶεҡҡԴ˾ñ˿쵰жô£˵꣬к«͵һһ࣬ʯһֱ̤ɱ¶ɳȥ
ߣҪ޴ľٶֳֺ«ҶɳһЦɫмۣ˫ȻóɽצģЦһצ趯ֵĻ۳ʮ̴һƷ֮ݺݵĶҶץȥ
ǹ˺ѿļ죬Ҷһû뵽һһһȷʵǿˡ
ƿյצҶ۾΢Уֺ«͵Ķǰĵӳһξڵ֮ϣķ֮ʱͳȻֹס
ֹסһɲǣеƿ˿ͣ͵ֶ׹һҵɳԴ
һûİ׹⣬ɳмЦһɫƷһģһǰ΢Ĺƾճϡ
ƿ˿ڴ֮ϵɳûϵĻ׻ˡ
ƿ˿Ȼ޹Ҷ־ޱȣƿ˿ǵؽ׷Ȼɳ׾ͻˣòһϿ϶Ҳŵؽ׵ķ
ƿ˿͸ԣ׻ɱϧǣԷĺܣϵıҲʵ̫ˣűޣҾȻŵؽ׵ķҶ״̾ȷʵûȰ
ȻȡɲУǾֻܴ֮Ӳƴˡ
һҶҲ˵ϻˣһźֳź«һȻһǰ׺ƣɳʼһεײ
ɳһһͳзȻǿֲòԸ־ܣ㱾µĻ͸ȥɣ
һ꣬һīɫĹâͻȻɳɫӿ㳯ҶлҶһ«ǰӭ⹥
ۡһīɫĹâʧˣҶǰȻֹг˾һθоӵкԼƾ˳ˡ
Ȼɹɢīɫ֮ȴʹòͣΪµǣīɫ̺һֱа
˹صҶӷףлҼɳƽ㲻ӵ˫ϵˣӵźڰԵԪػꣿ
ţ仰ɳһ㶣ͫбû뵽ȻܴҵĹзӵкڰԪػܣ͸Ӧˣһ꣬ɳϷһỊ̃ȭ͵Ľգɫȭͷ漱ۣȻƳ
䣡ʱǰǿӲʵĴʯ类ڵУȻѿʯſӵҶȥ
˫ںϣһȣҶâţɫ͸̼ΧۣһĳΪסЩʯʵıݡ
ʯ䶨Ҷ˫Ƴ£͵سһ䣬ֱӽһһ׶ؿɷ֮һֱӳ𣬾ͬһ̣ϸ΢𡭡
ۣۣۣ
ɳֳֳͬһطҶ
ȷʵܵһ˵һУǵһμ΢΢һޣɫӰȻҶ˹
ʱɳڻ޵İУ޷ΣҶֻܽԼĹ߶ź«ǿҵĹâ
֪ӵжڰԪػɳΪԼԼ֮ϣԼǰԳΪͬھеĵһǿߣеԴˡ
ɳ˶֣һöԷȨԼͺѰˣӵŻ޵ڴϣԼҲֻǿں˫֮ƽǿں˫ҲʱƵģԼڵںȥȻԼ޷ָˣһҧӭŶԷȥֻսپˡ
֪ҶȻԼɳЦһĿȴӱ䣬ûɰ̣һӣĺڵҶȥ
ںڰԪߵ򲻵Ԫߵ˲٣仹ǿҵʴãҶĸǽ˼һ̧֣ոտеƿ˿˳ȥΪһ⣬ȥ
ͣһð𣬺ڰƿ˿;дƣʱЩ֮Ӵľ뻨ȴǷ׷׻˺ɫķĩ
ʱ
ͳĺХһߴǿ׳Ӱͬ磬һһҶ˹
˵ٶ칥Ӳƴ޿ɱ⡣
ΪСү㣬㣡죬ҶɭȻֺ«ڰɽ֮Ȼӳɳؽһ
ڷɲǣҶ֮ӿ֣ƿõøղһֱ䲻ɳɫ䣬Ҳ룬Ҳһȭ
أȭӣһ죬װ㣬һȦȦƴӽӴɢ
꣡ӵ˲䣬йͷѵ죬Ŵ̶ĴҶɳ弸ͬʱ
䣡ƣ˵صײ˸ԱһÿõĲϣһײʮ˲ͣ
ո䵽ҶһһȣһѪ̲סǵĲҶ֮ϣ⻹Ҷһͬǿߵսˡ


608 
ʱһߵɳȴǺȻ֣һУҶ΢΢̧ͷ
ǵƵɳǼѾŤñεֱ֮󣬲ɵõһɻ󣬵ǽһȻˣһȻźڰԪػ꣬ԪػΪȴǻûﵽ𾳽磬ֻ˫ﵽˣΪȴǱԼһ㡣
㡭ɳţ漴ǻŭɢˣԹĿҶȻңң
ɳ˫죬·һŭ޾ȻŭһϽⲻڣ徹Ȼ͵һţһŵ档
䣡һ𣬹ѿ仯ΪһҶ
ĺãҶȴǴЦһ㷴ӭȥоں˫ķɾҪˣʱ֮˶ϡ
һӣһɫƾճ֣ҶɳȥǿҷѹϵҶ׷״߶ʱģ
ˣҶһЦ˫̤棬·һ˼̤ҶϷ׷ױ𣬽ģҰŪĸӵģ
ʶһչڻɳλãƮǱϮ˹ȥ«ǰƿ˿ȫ˲ȫƿ˿ڡ
͡ƿ˿ʱȻһָϸˣͲû˶ֹͣȻ͹ҪѰ㣬ָһˡһǿХ
ȥɣʱͲͬһɳǰķҶȻѾǱƵԼԱߣԥһԾŽĽצ߸߾𣬶Ю˺֮͵سҶץȥ
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͡ɳоһصľ͸Լצݽұ̲סŤתϸ΢һʱɫһ䣬ҺڻŽ񷨱壬Ӳŷǵסһ廹ú«ྡྷ˳ȥ
ԶԶڵϣɳһ˿ȻһǵѪ˿ûػԼǹˣ
ɳܣҶʱ㣬ôҲû뵽ԼĲ߻һУȻɳסˣǴϣʲôˣںķѻˡ
ҶûĻԶԶֹЩɳƺҲҶ˹˼ɣǹɰƽϢۺȴûٴҶ
ԶԶվҶǰɳ۾µĴһҶʱʱһ˿ԥ˹һᣬͻȻһҧ¶ʲôһ㡣
ԼѪΪںڰȵ飬뽫ǿңԼ֮κϰɡޱ塣ɳؿͻȻѪĹâţѪɫ͸̼Χ
ѪĵɢȥɳѾȴһ׿⣬ӵ˵̬ȴֱֻۣ޴ͷ­ֻֻѪĿΪĿģֻ׵ľ޴ĺɫ⣬̺Ӵ
һĻҶʧʲô㣬㻹ǲɳ
ҶʻɳЦˣе˸ŲҰ׵ɫȻǣһ̬£ò˵ңɱǰһǲò϶һ޶ţûв´Ļһӵ˫ϵˣӵ˫ϵԪ֮꣬ǰһֱΪԼ϶һ޶Ĵڣȴû뵽㣬ýѵõĻ㣬Ժܷŵ
ɳ˵Ҷ侲᣿ǰԥӣҲưɣ
ɳѪĿգգƺŶƵģֻΪгţӳţͬھûʤ
źһһ޶ʣֱҲһòǰ˭Ҳ⡣
򶨣ҶֻҶѹֻҶǰı飺ǻûȫֱҲѾӵа벽ʥǿһɣ
벽ʥĻҶĶʱⲻ൱Լǿںܴﵽˮ׼ôֱȻܽԼһ򵥷˼
ԼǿںҲɱˣԼ֮ǰѾǿں˫ܲںһնûС
ģƴˣҶվɳһۣҧҧһᣬŭϣҶһȣƶȻ
ҶͻȻƣɳһ֮ǰӵı飬¶صɫû뵽ǰ˾ȻҲ̫ˡ
ҶоһȫâһһðӰȻɳȥͬʱֹâ𣬾޴͵شϷɳȥ
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ܴɳŭˣ͵һѪлûһѪǹӭ˳ǵӰӰѪǹҵײһ𣬺ȻУռҵŤͬʱʧ
ۡһɳ̲סٴݳѪ˸쵰ȻˣһҪڴˡɳɳ֣ʹһЩУƽԻʤˡ
ںǿһȻֻˡҶĵҲ𾪣ԼĹ˲ˡ
ãڸ̾еҶͻȻɫһ䣬ǿʶӦԶɽ֣һȺȺѸٳ
ǲٴȥˣ䱸һںϵʱ䳬̣ԼҲȥˣɡ
뵽Ҷָһָȫ߶ƿ߽ɳƿ漴ջƿ˿һչԶȥ
һҶѾӰ죬ʮɵĵط˼Σɭ֮С
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һɳϱ䣬ôҲû뵽ԼȻ˽ɱܵһһģ˵е㲻ţʵȷʵˡ
ڼȷŭеɳͻȻɫһ䣬ȻԴˣϽ߶һһ㽫Լ廹ԭŻһַּ٣ɳϵɫʱɢѪĿָʱɳŴڴڵĴŴ
ʱ졢ɫӽܼĴ˷ΧɳһתԼĺ󣬲ת
үղŷʲô£еǶӺɫУͻȻ߳һˣһ˵ţǰƮʮףɳʩ
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̵ɳ̧ͷɫޱ䣬ȴͻȻһ˿â˵֪ע˵׳հĻ㻹һķھ͸ұ졣
һ⻰ͻŭȥҷʮСˣҪΪҲ֪ղŷʲôߣXԼһ˶ǲǷݷҲˣ
ɳһ㻹治һıȻڲ뵽⣬˵Сˣֻ˵̫ңҪ㣬ҿһͷײˣ
˵ϣ⻰ȴûЦǰǱӦҿײôҲñðǿ
֪ˣϣ󣬻Цóɳ˵һ䣬һ֣ĵһ飬ֽ̺ʽֻҪ֮ˣȫҴ
ǣүһӦһ飬ŴĴɢȥ
ֻɳߣУͻȻ߳һˣǰеʵүô죬ǲҪȥ
ҡҡͷˣɳһﲻǸʡ͵ĵƣߣǿԶҲҲطǾͳǵĶҲ֮ˣ֪ͨң˾ȻܴɳѣΪǿǲҪݾߣ
ǣү˵˵ͷүΪǴɲؽе̺ʽ룬ղ˿϶ɳˣɳ˺ѾˣǺβרѰһЩ˵ĵط
ţ֮˼ȻѾˣô±ػһЩ֮ˣ̺ʽȷʵûбҪãİ죬ҵˣȡطºʹһ㣡°ͣЦտ
лүʹͣСһ߾ȫΪȡطһ⻰ʱϲ˵
ˣھͿʼɣܴһۣ̾һһط˵ʵûʲôˣ֮Ѱһ˵졣
ɳѲҶͬʱǿѹŸжķɵʹѾһεİ֮С
ֱȷû׷ҶŴ̾һڶϣȡһѪҺ˿УȻĿ
֪˶ãֱоѾָһʵ¿ж󣬱æڣճԣʱڶܰȫԴһԼһµɳ֪ⳣǲˣԼܣܶȴⶴжȫЩ
ƾԼǿʶҶʼСνֶᱦȻƵԼǿ˶ںò̾Լǰ̫Сζɱ˰
Լ֮ǰΪƾԼı£һûģǰԼν̬ȣСˣȻСĻᶪˣҶһơ
һ·߹һЩǿƵĶﴩżвͬȺһ໥ɱսޱȣЩҶҲҴǵˣԼǿʶȶԶԶġ
϶ˣҧ󣬸οЩһﶼһͷͷʳ˲¹ǵĲǣԼȻҲǿҲǹѲڰҶһһֻͼޣһ߽޺õһ߲ҡԴ
Щ˵һԼ壬ҲвһȺȺĻԼܲǱӻǸ⣬Ҫ˶Ǹǿɳǿ¾͵ùˡ
ʱ䣬ΣڣҪɱ֮յĽСһҶн


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ҶɿһɨܣѸƮ塢ףɵԾһŴһ֧ϣϢĿʼڤ
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ʮ׸ߣ֦Ҷïһ޴ڣڰˡʮףµֱ֧һףܲ͸Ҷڸס¹⣬ҪǣûκϢҶøȫһЩ
ҶСϢ䵥ޣȥȡ޺ˣԼԵµС壬ȥ͵ϮһѣӵҲоգתʮ͹ȥˣҲֻˡ
峿˸Ծĺ䳹ǣҶȫ˸аֹʱΧжʮâ˹
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ʮĵâûֱӹҶɢܣе·ƺ֪Ҷƾǰȥ
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һ˲䣬ʩչ仯ٶȣѾ֮ǰļޣҲԼƵļޡ
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ҶأҽȴڿУǻ˺«ż棬ٴνĺ«ҲӭЩ˳ȥ
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ߣðԵʽҶһûܣӭŵȥ
ȻһǰֻҪһж֮ˣ޲׷ױˣҲõ棬ȴ룬ճҶȿˣЦһ쵶Ҳ֮һڰоͽҶһϡ
ʱҶȻʳжָȻһ˫ָһ͸İ˿ǰһͣಡһȻֱû쵶У谭˿ɵ洫ֳֵ˻̱ѡ
ƺһյָɿײؿϣһ߹ѾײͬʱǱҲΪһŰ׹ɢˡ
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ʱһֱû˵ĺͻȻԾĿҶǿҶı󣬾УͫȻ˿ûԼֻ϶Լһһ㡣
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ϧһ˲䣬ֶûǰˣΪĽ⣬Ȼ䱻ҶָסˣҶָϣŰ׹š
Щ׹Ҷָϵƿ˿ԼҲûףģһֱ֮ܵ
еؽ׷Ҷס¶˺Ȼı飬ֻӵؽ׷ɱУûʱһ˰סֽŵĸоȶĴҪء
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죬Ӧ죬Ӧ죬жϸȷҶһסĽʱȻ˽б䣬ܿͳҶĳܼޡ
Ҷ̰ѽ֣Ҳһַǳ˵ٶ˳ȥ
ȻģĽǶȷǳбΪ˱Էĺֽ֣Ƕȫһ֡
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Ҷ˵һ˲䣬һ̧ͷͿ˫֡
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ʵĵ׵Ϊ˼Щ˲ģϾû֮ͬУ˭ܴϽġ
ʱҶ˵׷ɱǳɭһƬɰУһƬԭϡ
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뵽ϽȡԺ͸ŵͼֻƳһۣɫͻȻৡһ£԰ȻͼһյС
յػֻһΣգΪͼյϵĺֻǵһӡʱҶ⴦յأĺˡ
ˣˣѵģؿˣʱҶͻȻַǳøоһͷֱӴӿ


610 Ѫ
ҶŲһ˲䣬һɺӭ׻ԭ֮ϣҶȴƸо˱һ㺮䡣
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ҶһȴͻȻеһļ£з·һϵľħؿֻҪκξٶƺʱ˺Ϊ顣
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Ҫô뵽ҶвɵĴ˸

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ҶѪɫȥʱǹͻȻ͸һƬѪ⣬ͬʱһ޷ǿѹȶ
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ΣӤҪﵽʥ󣬲Ż۳һӰﵽ񾳽ʱпܾӰΣʵӤ
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Ӥһ֣ǰɢʧѹˣҶֻоһɸɽֹİϢѹסһ˿һ޷ת
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612 
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Ȼл壬ҶȻúһ֮£ľ֪·嶼һʱʧȥ˿ơ
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ˣҶѪСˣһɫһ±ò԰Ѫ
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еСһúӤͻȻϲǲǴﵽ񾳽磬ʹ⻪ǿߣʱʵҲǲԶˡ
̲󣬿һӤ̳֮мȥҪеǸСһòһЩԪ
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ӤɵĹצѽһҽУڰձ˼ͷ߻أҡҡλεƯڰС
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ӤЦţʥǴˣȳһ£Ӧôлźá
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Ҫ˾ӻǶҲն᲻¹Լܹ˼ôࡣ
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Ҷһǰȥǻܾ˵ģи⣬֪ʲôȤһ


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ʱɿţһƬҶѸٵһ顣
ҶƬʱͻȻͣסԼ־ٶǿոտƬҲصǿС
¶һ˿ݣ૵׷ʥʡ
˵ʥʣӤļ䣬ǰǺһһﾹȻƯ½ˣǧ֮еһƯ½


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˭֪һ½Ư½ǿߣԶԼڵǸƯ½ܱȵģȷ沿Ӹմӿռͨг½ٴͨС
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ȴΪͨھˣ˺ѳһϸСռѷ졣ƬĿռ䶼
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һǰǰ˹ȵĸ߽ʿûһҲаǧˣظ汦ҲͬĶ
һֱʥ쳯ĵһճ뼸ֽɨƬյؼơռ϶˷ƣ̽ûΣյĵطΪʥ쳯ѵʿĵط
ʥþֶΣһЩƭ棬Ϊʥ쳯̽طʵΪʥ쳯á
Ҷǰ;ζɱֻǵô򵥣ȴû뵽ʥȻĻģⲻŽǵڻʹô
ҶڷƬеļʱ󣬲Ż¶ŭı顣
˫ۣһ
Ⱦ΢ָһЩԭϥ£ѸոտƬĶԺطƬмصϢӴľˡ
඼һЩϢҪҶҪɸѡЩõϢЩõģûҪˡ
֪˶ãҶ˫ĿȴǰĶһ
ʲôʥˣҶȴʲôʥ֮ǰϵѪߡ
ӿͷҶҲҶʵеЩ˵ġӣСڡΪǵʥڽʱѪµǣֻҪκξٶɻǵζ
Ȼʥ𣬶ЩѪ߸ʶ֮ʧȥ˵ĿƣͱĴɾҶŸӵĲҶΪȷЩѪߵʶͷ档
һܱʥʸµһһˣ׵ЩûʶѪߣΨҶС
ҸѪߵİ취ֲֽҶЩѪߡȻûʶϾϹϵĽƣɲ׳ԣɵ̾Ϣŵ֮ңŪǣ治ˣ
ͻȻ䣬Զһ״󺺣߾ٻѣȻ룬ȻʪĶѨȻһ
ҶȻֳһô죬ô˽
ҶּظʬɫǴ䣬æˣٵأʲôˣ
Ҷһתʲôˣ
ǽ´үϵãô
үҶ΢΢һϸһŷһﾹȻĲ䣬ֻףΪһˣЦ˵㵹Щ
ȵүǱϵסڤǣض
Ҷ΢΢ЦֵģڤҲ磬㲻֪˭
ڤЦʲô
ҶҲЦǡ֮ʥ֮ħ֮޵֣춯ذʥʡţ
һ˵һ֣ڤǵ汻סˣүδ
Ҷһδȥ漶ĳ֪ģǼ˭Ҳͷ
ڤŭƾδɵĻëСӣҲ˺үҪжٱ£
ҶƵ֪Ϊﵽʥ磬ɷϻͯػ
ڤĿԼǰŰɡ
Ҷ̾ϢǷ֮ʥɱѹˣҲó֣㿴Ժǰ;߰ɣʥ㡣
ڤŭȵƾҲ뽫үߣ
ҶЦƵ˶ϸǶôģ
ڤǸȥɫѪΪʧ㾡ϡС
Ҷɢɣ㻹ߣѵҲɢ
ڤǵһѵϣ
ҶҲ㲻ʲôֻǲ
ڤ˰Σͦص¼죬бǧ࣬˼䣬ǰҪˣʵвʡ仹ߣ֪Ѹ˳ƺ
Ҷ΢΢ЦҪ
ڤǵֻҪ¼ʶʶǰΪ־ߣȻ³çµҲϸԼǱϵĳӹˡ
Ҷɫ֤һ±ʥΪҲףֻҪܽϵЩѪȫŪ𼰱ʥʥͽøҲ޷
ڤĿģ
ҶǰϷԣ
ڤǴȥĿգҲգעЩͷҶﰵϲֻӡ
֪ʱͻһĺ֮ǰ洫˹˵ÿһ֮м˿⵶ȴֽܣǰһͺһͬʱģʮһ
ڤǻȻףɫʲôˣÿٶȣ
Ҷգ۾ĪҪ£ֻҪվڱʥԣ˭Ҳ˲㡣
ڤۣƲ֮Ѫߣֹģǰʵǰʿ˼ۣڱȭл
ǽ֮úÿ죬Żڶڣ˿ѵ˽ǰһĮЦѩӣҪƴô
һռȻر֮Ҹֻзָǿˣ
ϸټϡӡ֣Ůˡ
Ҷ̲סʵѩ˭
ڤ̾˿Ǳǰʮġ콿֮һǱǽǰʮģݶʮأ׹ȻҲǱϵܽǰʮѩӱǲԶˡ
Ҷһ˭
ڤǵѩ˵ĻҲǡʮ콿֮һеȻѩӲԴˡ
Ҷ̾˿ʥˣ꣬󱲵ĳﱾʥȴǲ֪ˡ
ꣿڤ˫ü壬ɻֱ֮أȴ֡֡ĪǶǰģ
ֻһƬ⽣Ӱ׵ӰŵعâڻӳӰ£һ£һ˰ѩȣһҶչɡ
ڤվЩ
ֻǺһ⽣ӰˡŮס֣ӵҶǰ
ǰŮӡѩӡ۲һɨʧڤǣ
ڤǿЦЦ㣬þûģôÿ
⻰Ҷ
ѩȴȻһЦڤǣ㣬벻¡ʮꡭţʮһˣ㾹棬ѵ˽ô
ڤǸɿȼҡҡ
ǺͻȻЦԭС˼ˣѩټϸڤǣҲδǡ
ѩӼ˺ڤǣҲǣƤɨ˺ڤԵҶһۣ㻹˸Сôι״
Сܣڤɫһ䣬æ򲻿˵λǡǰ
ѩ۾̵ɴˣǰ
ڤæʹɫ˿ڵˣȫλǰ£仰˵ѩӳһǸɫ䣬æ˺˼ʮҶƣĵյøˡ
ҶмЦƶӣȴɫѩӡʲôǵģ뱾ʥôѩӵͷšһڤǵɫæҡͷǵģң
ҶЦЦĿǵأ
ģ˵ãֻкǰˡ
ҶĿĿǰΪֹΪⱦˣѲʮλˣȴ˵ˡ
ǵһչȻжֻʣһʱǱˣ
Ҷ˿̾ҲûϵǱﶼĩƹһ۾ˣ̫ϧô
еĵ䡣
ڤǵǰ˵ǣΣǵȵƼƴһҲ١
ҶЦǺڤļʶͬתǷѪأͻֻ׵ȥѪǰȡЩѪ
ǰԵȣڤǴӻȡһϻӣѪװѪ˹
ҶӹϻӣԼϵѪߣȻϻеĳѪȥϲü
֪ƾһϻѪأͱضԽЩѪߡˣ뻹Ƚϻ˸ӡ
ȻЩѪˣٺҲûˣҴʱ˿̣СΪӤεĻ˯֮УҲЩ޹⡣
ȫܶõģǲ㣬Ҫ˵ʱ


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ˣڶҳȥǺαɣҶվһЦ֪ϵѪߣֻҪԼȥ򲻻Լֵġ
ڵʯУżѨͨҶѡһѨȶС
ֱⶴУ֪ѡѨȻءˣ
ڤǽ
ѩǰ棬պһ˿Цĸȥ
˰ʱ
ͻȻ䣬ѨȻʣĴʮɫ
ǧٹ֡͸䣬Ĺ飬֮䣬Ӱ¾Ȼ
վţȴԾƴ
һǻ°׷ߣһǿˣ鶼Ѫ˿ȻѾ
վŵˣɫأš
Ҷ˽˾ƶδһۡ
ҶתͷһڤǡǡѩӵɫȫˣȻϵ˵ģǵϵãһض˴η֮ġ
Ϊض֮ϣ
ڤǿôҲϹ
Ҷ΢Цһܱ˳ϹͱضЩá
ڤ̾ǵãûСϱǿȥѾʮֲˣʵǵʵ䣬ǾԲ˶٣ᳬʮꡣ
ҶŶѵǡʱҶǰʱԺ˵ĻˣζɱУʵ˶δﵽ𾳽硣
ȴֱȼø鵤ҩǿд߷˵Ǳ
Ӧþһأ
麣ڤɫ΢ԭԼΪǵΪˣ
ڤǵӦҲΪλ˰ɣ࣬δ˥ˣҲп֮ΪǶǸʿǲҪġ
Ҷ˵ͷţһΪ֮߳٣ӦСĵ㡣
ڤǵҪˣе鷳ˡɵҶһֽۣŵȻ鷳ֻǶǶԣǰϳֵĻȻǲмһġ
ҶʧЦСӿԼסˡĿתǻͷֻΰȴǲƣκҲˣŶʮ겻ɡ
˿˶һᣬҶסЦ㿴˭ȡ
ͻһ߳죡
߳죬ȴأҶ䶼ˣӶģҶüͷһ壬Ʒ߳ˣͷȴͷҲδأĿֻעſеļ
ҶƲƲ죬Сʲôɫʥ
ڤɫһһףˣҶϵߣѹҪŭȥúõˡ
ҶĿ˺ڤһۣЦãȻСˣͻȻ˹ȥָվԭصеһ˵ҵСֶɺãСֶҶָһͷһۣ΢΢һͻȻأҪŭƼҶ⸱ģ۾Ҳֱˣü˭ڽ˭Сֶˡ
ҶЦҵĹֶ㲻ϵңȴϵ㣬Ҵ˺ڤǡѩӡæģ㾡ȥˣλµͷҸ졣
ҶͿͷͷһ·ģԲһ˵
ͷҶôһ˵ȴ־棬Ī
쵰ҳôͷɫȴѱˣͻȻһХХԽʯлƮ
Ҫǻ֣Ҷͷ˺ڤǡǡѩһۡ
໥һֻۣڤһȣɲǼ䣬ֻâһһǹǳ֣ѩӼڤǳ֣΢΢һٺҲǳһͷϮȥ
ô֡ҶһָǣĿ⣬㶼תϡ
ǲ֪ҶֻһֻֽϻֱĿ⣬ͷŵλֱǡǹˣ
ϻѵ֪¶սپôҶʿĿǣٲֱ֣ʥˣ֪ʥǳ֣ǲֵѵģʱ򣬺ߡ
ΪûƼҶʵԶĻһֱŰɣ˴˿ʵﻢ£ʵҲ޷˵ûƼϵΪʵڲ֡仰ŭҶɱ֮
ϸ룬ڤǵɱЩˣҲʲô£ûҪŭҶǼٵǰˡ
չһսţɲǼۼһսҶʹ£ˡ
ҶȴվԶԶģЦȥɣСүһˣҶһˣһעսԴЦݣҲЩ˷ܣЩţΣֻֽϻʱ˲𴩵ĿܣϷɶ棬ʱߣʱ
οʱһģĵĺµȥˡ
ŻսļˣҶɲʲôˣˣص֮ǰѪڡ
Ӥļе֪һ챦
ȴӻаϻȡʱһѪӭֻϵѪȫ׶𣬺ͻš͡͡͡ʮ죬Щͷȫ̽Ѫˮ֮С
ǲҶϵҲ˿
ŵװѪˮϻӣҶپЩѪ»صϣʱͺĪˡ
ᲽߵѪԣѪصѪˮѪǰɫľʯɵģǼ̨һĵ̨ҶЦһЦȥȻм龧ʯǻġ
⼸ľʯһеܲﴦˣѪеѪˮŸʶãֻҪ˲Բ֪ש̨пԻľʯ
ϲ䣬ҶѾ̨µİȥˣʱѾһӦ˵һı
һϻҶЦȻбҶ΢΢һЦҪҿϻͻȻ䣬ڴһ쭡
ܴʱҶϵѪȥȫֻ˶㣬⧲ΪǴƣܣʱҶһգϻѱ˶ߣֻҶȣҪ׷ˣҾݺᣬҶ޷㡣
ת򣬾һĴЦ˵лˡҶȥһڶƮȻһΣʧ
ҶϰѼߵôģ˸벶ȸں󡣡Ȼô˵ȴѪشȥȻٴνѪض֮УֻꡱһҶⶴһʲôһ
⡰ꡱ֮δ䣬¸¡֮ѪضȻ³
ҶãһѨȥͨʯ׹缱꣬Ҷ˫һӣһһ𿪣ȴͣƽչ£ոձڣ󡰺¡һ죬ʯѨ̮ʮʯס


617 
ԹԣıȡߣȻʯѨû뵽ҶȻҺԼܵĿ죬Ҫͨǿߣﲻɣ뵽Ҷȥϵ亹¶һ˿Цݡ
ȫԶ㣬ʶȴڣ͵Ϯ߽ͷˣֻǿΪûлָ˼ңòһơ
ǴԼȡһз붴УȻȡıһ±˳ȴǲ֪Ҷ⣬͸ˣʲôҲûС
ǿ϶˵ñ󣬶쿴ֻǼ˳
ԵһߣҶŽıȡ˳˻ŵֻԼһû뵽ⱦһⶴͻҪԼŰҪˡ˵Ŀһ沼ɫգҶɲСЩգΪҲǷŵϹ⡣
Ҷʵں뿴һѽΪӤļе֪һ׵ķ
װôĵֻۣҪҶӵ׷Ϣ͸¶ȥҿ϶Щ겻Ϲ֣Ҳĳ׷ɱ
Ӥ֮Բ׷֮˵ģÿ˽Ƭռ䣬⽫׷Ϣɢȥˣǧ꣬
û뵽û׷ϢɢȥҶɷǣҪļƻ֮ˮԼҵ˵ӤҲһ
ν׷⼣߲ۣ֪ǼҶҲֹǶֻڴ˵е׷
ٽһδǽһϼʯӦ֣жһ㡣
ҶƵզ࣬ĵеǡ˲ò࣬ԭ಻ò࡯⽣֣ȴ׷ţĦһ󣬻뻳
ڵøϽҸط֮ˣϷûʲôƣҶɲԸ֮ٳʲôˡ
׷ֻҪԼں󣬲ΪԼģҲġ
ͷж
ٴһȥ
һƬïܵɭֻ֮һþꡱһΪ룬һӰ֮˳
ȻҶˣõǼ׷һε沼˸ƣС
һһҹǼסŶӦǡα׷ǿһ룬ڡ
һͲ±֪õһα׵ķˡ
ΪʲôΪα׷͵ùǸҶġӤˡ
ǻ쵰ӡĲȻҪΨһġ׷
Ŭ޹Ӥ֡׷ߵȻһ
ϹŴ߲µĽôƵôһûƿӡ׷һǡ
ʹʧҸɺ޵ǣΪһ֣ȻֻҶ֮һ룬ԴҶٽǸСӤ˲ǧˡ
Ȼ̫أ׷ʲôһҲǲ֪ûб޸Ŀԡ
뿪󣬵һ£Ǽ취֮޸
׷Ϊֻһ룬൱ؽλ֮ؽ׶ôһ˿
ҶޱȣҲû˵˭ӵеؽλ£˵зߵӵߣʥ쳯ĵһ֣Ǳؽ׽λ
ԼڵǼ׷ܷؽλ൱ˣ뵽һ㣬ҶĲ΢΢ƽһЩ
ˣȥҲһҲ뾡ַ޺Сֻ֣Ҫܰ޺ãԺκ飬һɱˡ
ɱеһºڰ̭·վȺʱĸ֮ˣЩμԷֳһұϷںĴ֣ɫƽĵŵһ֮ˡ
ʱ̭ϵЩֶγɵĽƹѾȡһʮǿǧɵұϹһͨͨһ֣ʮ˾Ⱥ֮УͨȻûʧȵֱͨҶ
վҵ׵ˣԽţϾζɱĶͬһ㣬ؽ׷½Ҳж٣ʥþֶβŴٳλ˭λжȡ
ʱʥܣ֪ʱ˸֮ϣ΢ЦĹ·ˣӴεĶɱǷǳġ
ͨγʱһɫ򶨵ĴӴ˳󻹸ʮ£ֻЩµȴǷ糾ͣһЩ·ϻмСƶѪգǾһս߳ġ
һߵ۹ڣվ۹ǰһˣһһæǰʩһ
ˣЦһˣ΢΢ײѣȻһӣʹ۹뿪
ʱһЩ֮ˣ뿪ȴϱвͬһЩɫƽûʲô飬һЩȴĽѣһЩ۲֮ˡ
ŵ۹ʥ쳯һЩȽǿȺ˳ֻЩ϶ٵĴ˺ۡ
ٴԼһʱд˳Ⱥ˺ǰ岻ͬһˡ˵ĽУÿϵͬе˸߲ҡеɥеһ֮ɫ
ʱЩͨһӰһΣһƮһ·Ѹײڶ֮ƣɱʮ;ͼ˺󣬲ųôֵҶ
ʱԺվһʯ֮ϣСĵش˫֣ͬʱҲĬҶһҪɹȡźðȻɾ鷳ˡ
ʵһֱһûиҶǾζɱʵѧԺûʸμӵģΪǹ֮ĶɱʥԺȻһǿһң֮˽ȥӦǷʥһ飬ڶɱ֮еõĵһ͸ʥ쳯ʥЩֶϺѧԺ˲ġ
ʵԺôҲܹҪֻֿܾܹҶˣΪһжȡǼƿ˿ġ
ѧԺһؽ׷ȻûʥԺڲȴ˴ԺΪѧԺֱӸˣȻ׵壬ΪѧԺһĶ
ȻѧԺԺѧԺȴǳϻᣬҲΣѧԺĴǾڱҪһƿ˿ȻʵҲأһؽ׷ҲǿԵġ
ܺңҲǮ򵽣Ψϡĺܣ˵ǵؽ׵ģʱھ˽׵ҲеѶȡ
ΪѧԺһԺ֮ȻԼҲŶؽ׷ȴѾ˵ģҶ֪һ˱ȻǾԲܽˡ
ҲβŽҵλ֮ϣ˵λܾУٺЩϵʱ󲿷˶ѳҶȻûüͷ˵Ҷ㲻ܵõǺʥӵʵ汣Ӧû°
Ժе㲻֮ʱͻȻͨͷӰһԺ΢΢һ㶣ȻȻ̧ͷϸһ˿쳣ϲɫ
ٺ٣СڳˣͷҲģôνȥûջ񣿡ԺϴЦǰҶ
ջȻУҶ̧ͷԺһۣͳһɫĴؽ׷ҿԷֳһ㣬ֻǲ֪ԺԸǮ
ԺЦʱȻֹһĴ㵣Сӣ˵ʲôҪҳǮ򣿡
Ҷһ֣νȥмζ㶪С÷ûţ
Ŷζûٺ٣νȥһ˶ٷԺǺһЦǸȤ
ҶԺ˼ǻףҲͷЦЦһͶ㲻ſʶ̽һ£
ͶһԺеΪʥһԼҲƺҪһȥ»治֪ôˡ
ôѵҪƺԺ˼ʱҶüúк˸ҲѾе㲻
šԺ˴֣ĬһᣬŵǴô㶼øңһҳǮһҿѧԺ䱦㽻
䱦Ҷһ°˼һᣬãҶö⣺ãһ䱦˵ǰ棬ʲô䱦ǲỻġ
⻰Ժһ£һЩ䱦ҲҪ裬ѧԺ䱦в٣ȥһѧԺ䱦Լȥѡȡһɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˦һףװŷĴڰлһߣĿ֮£䵽Ժͷ
ʵҶҲǴģηǴһЩǿжģǴζʧⲻ᲻ȥӵзߵ鷳
Լôǰ潫ԼõķȫԺͷЩһҲòȡһͷˣԼֻҪûǿͼķ뱦ȻڶԼˣһͿ
Ժͷӹɫӣ򿪣óһ͵䵶ͣȻϸϢʮصͷȷǵؽ׷Ҷн׵ģǺǺǣܺãĺܺã
һǰһ뿪ɱ֮أʥԺԺĴ£ѧԺڲһ޴Ľǰ˶¥һݻ䡣


618 ɱ
Ҷһͷ䣬̸окüĿⶢסЩ˾ע£ҶޱĸԺ档
Ҷﻹ΢΢һ£ܿѧԺ䱦ĵطػҲǺȻ飬δǳġ
䷿䣬ƿһźصİţһźܳҶǰϷ˹ż߲ľʺӡ
Դ̤ĵһҶоһ˿΢ϸƵ磬ޣ׽
û뵽滹˶ĽƣҶĸӦԶȳࡣ
Ժƺӣ㿴ȫװһ䱦඼Ǽֵǵĺö򿪺ӣ㿴ȡ߰ɡ
Ҷ΢΢˵ͷǰһЩӣһͲ鿴ʮ䱦һıѪħ˿ںˡ߼һЩ䷽һЩƿޣԼһЩҶ֪õƷ
ôûҵĶʱԺ֪龧ʯ塢ЦϷʱЩԿɣǿУҲҡ
ҶĿɨЩԺߵİ֮һеһɫԲϸӦһ£ͻȻһϲ
ô㿴СҶʰԺ֪΢΢е㲻ǸϵһҪҪѵϻ;ϡ֮ﲻɣ
ôֶֻҵСһ󷨣ȱһӦĶҿóҶ˸
𣿡ԺԲŵĿҶһۣǻû˵ʲôȡһ̿̿ǧԪ飬͵ǷǮˣСӣԺɲҪͷɫˣˣ
ˣɣʲôʱɫˣһֶԺеĿƬҶŰ۵
㣿Ժһ㶣˵ûУʲô˼ڵԽԽ
ˡˮ֮̿УһԺҶ΢΢һЦǳ߳ʥԺ
ϣ΢΢˼һ£Ҷƹȥڶɱ֮з̫ˣǺȵƣ侲˼һ°ɣ뵽ҶƵ߽˾ƹݡ
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ĶʮһƣҪȥȻҶȷĸоһ˫Ŀĺϣ
ڴӴһҶͽԼʶɢԼΧ䱸ⳣû뵽Ȼ˶Լ
˵ʮһƣҶתĿһۣ˫Ŀ⣬Ŀעˡ
һԼʮҵ꣬˿̡һԲӱߣȻѾûпԼˣҶȷڴԼ
СӣȻĿŵĶԼСүҪ㶼жΣͷһƣҶվһöԪϣ߳˾ƹݡ
ĬĬڴϣʶȴεǸϣȻԼ뿪ƹݣҲ뿪ˣԶĸԼ󣬵ϢĹ治˼飬ԼʶǿһֱĻ뵽ڸԼ
һЦҶĹսһխİ΢΢ԥһ£̽һ󣬲ŽҶ˰
תһ䣬Ҷվס˽Ųת῿ǽϣϾһеϢȴǸĵ
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Ȼǡɱ㣡һɳ䵭ǰ̳ȻؿҶһۣתܡ
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ҶٴαǽվʱŸոת䣬ҶȰĳǰ·ʱԵһȻѸٵĵͷ濴һۣٴܡ
ܣҡҡͷҶٴԾǽٴγԭλϣֱʱǸٴתֽǣȻҶȴ΢΢һЦ
ЦٶҶһ㶣ɻѣ벻ʱȴͻȻɫһ䡣
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ˣԭԼһ˱ˡҶЦһ±ӣû뵽ھƹǸֻ꣬ǸɱֲǺ
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һһɱ֣
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Ҷ¶ɱʱûз֮͵̤ǰһ㣬Ҳٶȡ
꣡꣡ƿһ죬ǰֻһһâѸٳҶǰ⻹Ҷʶ£ǵĻâȫĻʶץȥ׼ȷץס˽ʱĽ⣬ԼʺȻֻа֮Զ
ʱҶûκԥȻһĳһҽУһ·Ѫٴײǽڣ䡱ǽҲѹȻˡ
һƺ亹ŴҶ̲ס˸գ򵥲ܣһʾˣ˿Խٶȵģһﱾһ̥
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һ꣬Ҷʱгǻɱ⣬һЩ뷨ǾΪԼãӦҲһ°
ζɱ˶ðµĵԼӦǽһԼˣöţ꣬Ҷϧ֮⡣


619 
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׳գʲôҵĴϢ֮һ˿ҶջĻͬûһ㣡
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ôٺ٣еǷͿҵֻпܵסһǣûס½ͻῴһҲ˵һĻһк«̳
Ŀ꣬ǽߵʺȻΪԼã˻˵ĺã
Ҷһˣҷסȫ˿֮һ˫۾עĳ԰׵ϾһƬƽ
ʺѪҲʱ
кһԲ˼ٶббĻҶ̳ĺ«ϣ
ү飡ĵԶҲͬʱһ˼ٵ
źôϤ˭Ҷüͷһ壬̳Ľȴ˻
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仰Ӱһ٣űǷɿȡϵɴϲ磬Ұ
Ӱɴ뻰ͬʱʱҶıһˣһú΢΢е㲻˼ĵԽ
硭ҰԽԽҶԽ嶼ˣۣȻټүˣ
СӣҶ˿̸еǻĻϲҲ˲ýָŵǸɱˣλһӰֱӳ嵽Խǰֱһӵ
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磬ʵǶӵģңͻȻһǾƹĿ³Ҫάǧ˵ȫٿһʳˣ˵ƽӵҲǴûʧֹ
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ţԽ˵㣬˵ЩһЩ֪ΨһԼõĴȥŰϢԽţһУҶ󣬱ŭ֮ԽֱȥɱҶֵļûȻ͵ʸĹ¥͵һ䣬ҹ˳
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ƫĳɱЩˣȻʹԼСĺӣ˾Ҷꡣ
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ˣˣǸӦҲŶԣҶһֻ֣סͷʾҪҶа׹һ
оһɾԼ羮Ѩֱ͸ů˳Լȫһ飬ʱûů˵ܵº͵֮£ѸٵĻָš
Լת죬ҶջԼڵѾ޴ˣѾԶС
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Ҷ˷ЦԽ϶ʱһ죬ת˲ѹֻҶһ磬㾹ȻûΪʲôػʸ壿
⻰ҶһĵЦԽͷڻǻȥʱ򣬲һ죬һȥ˽һЩԹġ
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ٺ٣粢ô򵥣ЩҲԶԶֻǱֵСûʶĶĺˡԽĻҶ΢Цˣ˵ˣǲǺȱǮ
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ҪǧԪ飬ֻǹһһǻһҲǻ
ˣ÷ɵˣǧԪôڶ𣿡Ҷ̿Խ΢΢еЦ˵ҲǸһõģڸһǾǾȫЩ˵Ĺ¶жն٣ܷȥǮˣҡ
Խ⿨ҶĻȴǿЦãǧ
ôݵ
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ҶΪʲôô˵ȻЩڶɱûеõȻʹ˸ģʥ쳯зԼǲĿŵ
һЩֶζȻϣʥ쳯濴ȥȻƽ˾ʵȴѰӿ
ԽԵǮӣͷԺ磬㲻һȥҺòҵˣ㻹ǺһǸݵذɣ


620 
ݵأǺǣǴϳɣ΢΢һЦҶҡҡͷﻹЩҪ죬ЩԺһȥǵġ
磬Ҫʲô£ɣһҶҪ죬Խæʲô£Ҳ
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˵ЩҶҲû˵ʲôһԽ˰βɿǽϼԾ漴ͲӰ
ؽףԽŴͣ˰ΣŵһСӣԲ۾һ䣬ΣһΣ
ΣȴҲץסӡ
磬㻹ʲô˶ˣ˻ǲͿɱңȴƺ֮⣬һֱûɱ֣Һܳ顣ͻȻ˹ҶʧӰֿĵ
ԽнץŴǸմ˯ڷԺһĻʱŭʲô磿ʲôˣ˵ģǶ磬綮ԺҪǼҴ治磬Сӣ
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⡭һֶʱɫ䣬΢΢ЩʰϵǸͷֻһµ˱ⷨΪɢϷۼ
꣡ԽԽ࣬ͣͣΧµ죬һĽҲͬʱ𣬴ʱеǰѷһ˫߰ڿԼλˡ
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ȡǸҶһ˵ſ˶壬ʵڻҲǲţɺʱȻһصĽŲǶĳˣ˼СҪ˼ҴţôҲе㲻Ųǡ
ӣʲôҪȥתȥٿҶɬ֮ζ
仰ҶҲлع´ȥ乫ӽ˵еæ
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621 Ȫ
ŶıӰҶѾͷԴӶĲп¼һֱڵ˵׷ɱ֮Уǵľٶİģǲһ˿ʱͻȻһԴҶɵתӡ
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˵仰Ҷص˺ԺԼסĵطڴ߻εĶɱ֮Уյĺĵطһģ˵ԼһȥᷨˣҺԼһ˲һȻмβ㶪Соա
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ΪҶǲģΪҶӲûʲôüֵһ˵ĹԾͲðȥħɭڲȥժ
ҶҪҶΪ׷Ѷʵֻ̫ܽɣȻԼʵԵ
ҶЩµʱ⴫˽Ų룬֪ˣҶֱ˷š
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ģҶüͷһ壬ӣʲôѵᣬ͵մ֢
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ҶݺӵļֵطȻеΣգҪҵǲЩΡ
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㣿ЦЦҶֵܣʲô±˼ලٺ٣ǲǡ
ٷϻˣȻѲطɣҶֱӴӵΰԺȡ˶͸Ҷ鼫Ʒ꾧Ӧ˽λķ
鼫Ʒ꾧ӻһŴ˴֣ͰҶֵܣھ˽λķ溮ĺܣǲǡţģһǮġ
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Ҷ˵ͷǼ屾ʥ춼жԶ
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˹һ죬ԼʱҶ׼ʱȴͻȻƮ˳Ҷ˵ʲôҲҪȥһ
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ֻһЩӵַޣ޾ר˿ṩķйҲж٣йһѱҲֻһЩѰķݣ޷Ǽ٣ļǮߵˣҲǴһѪ


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624 
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Ҷʱ˺Щ죬֮⣬ȴֵף֪ָоĺܡ
ˡ
ƣɻ֣֪λΪʲôΪСŮϼ׼ңҲһ׮ˡ
ô룬ɫ֮ȴһ仯ɲ΢ȻЦܵ乫ǰֱԡȴǿûվһԵҶ
Щ̵ĹүȫӦѡͶʮ£˵ϼ˭Ϊ½ǿ֮һϼЩʲô
ЦպյͱӭǳϿңȻûһļӣѵá
Цûˣһ֮⣬Цǿĺᣬ
ҶûԼһԣȥ
˽Զ֪ϼˣҲΪ֣ΪֻǸˡ
̰Ͼ磬ϯţһϱжԱλʮߣ˳κ棬ȴΪֳһǹ͸֮ơ
һαˣǰҶעĿһڵңණǿˣֻһɨתĿˡ
Ǹ󸹷ֻ̼֣Цסַż룬Ǹߡ
ҶƲһߣʶϱԱʲôˣʮˣģǽȨˣ
־ĳøλˣˮһıл⡣
֪˿ͻȻһЦһĿЦιҼҹδôͿϯˣ
̲Ȼعˣֻ֮⣬߽ͷ˿߸𣬽ת̬һһֻ˪ѩ֣һӡ
ƵĿһŮ֮棬ͻȻһ㵣һԥһᣬӭȥ
ŮָһӡﲨһתƳƣһ֣ڿһЦԭ乫Ҳѽ˶治ˣ
Ŀ䣬΢΢°أ¶һ˫ӨЦ֮ɷ
ſŮһЦֻѣۣǧֻ۾գҲĶŮϡ
һ亹Ů࣬Ȼʩһ񣬵λôҲˣ㡭ҹҲˣ
Ůһ֣ӡһϣһһᣬޱߵҷЦҼҹ̽·ģ乫ӣһ£λүҪŮѽҼҹϲɫϣӵȻˣ
ʱѼۼ䣬ŮתҲӭǰһһ֣һظȥһ潿Ц˵λؾүӣǽóˣ˼ˡ
һЦ˵˵ϷļŮͶλĴݡսУıʣʱ£ҲЦݣ֮
ŮһվڿЦүҪô˵ɽǽɷˣǼҹӸ˵ˣҪүӵİ޸ǵʱҼҹӵˣʱ˼ֻҪǽãˡ
ŮЦȻݺֹ˵ôһƪȺȴһͬʱһ뷨ԭŮѾѣôǿеĹӣָһأ
һЦԴԣ֪ŮֽһЦֻԼ˵ȴ¸ˡһȻתߵڣֻ˼¡
һȴֻ׽ЦǹӻǴ񣬸үӼҼҹӾͻˡ
ЦǫлȴһֱĴУ߱һѵĴŮһֻİݺУʲô͵ֻݺУǼֵˡ
˷԰Ƴޣ֪ŮߵԺУȴתһԺѴŮҲһԴݺС
æߵڣλ⡭Ϸ𡣡


625 پ
δˣ½½ȵ߽ʮŴݺΪѴƩŮһɺɺһߵڡ
ʱѱϣһŮӽõܵܣˣʲôôһӽӿЦǧһЦʲôöûУο໹ң
Ҷһ㶣˵⻰ģǸһĴɣǰŷ˵и磬Ǳϵ콾ҲΪŷһֱ԰ټɵĺܡ
ƾŷƵʵʵ°٣Ҳǵĵ˰٣ǳĴ磬پ顣
ǰ٣ǰپ飬ȴǺûϧ֮ˣ
ʱȴһŮһص㣬С쵰ˣһǧδ䣬һŮӡꡱЦŽֲǲ֪ĵУС쵰ʲô²ģ
ŮЦҲԽԽˡ
һ¶ϽŻƮУһֶ񱭣ɿݣϽ̴ǰһϷţŮྡѣɴ¶ѩۣܻλˣ˫¶⣬ְ
Ҷ̧ͷȥӿһֹĸоȻ¶ˣһǰٵĴ磬پ飬ǰֻ˵һϲһȺŮԻǲ顣
ϴμʱҲż˶ţֻȴһȺˡ
ֻپһۣ䣬ߵڣԱŮΪѰһ̸Цȴûκ˽̸֮⡣
˼پ̬ȣһЩҪһ̽ϸˣҲðȻǰ̸
ͻվһλɫ꣬ЦǶ׵ģ˾Ȼѵˣűǧݾȴδ첻ôҼɺã
˰پһۣعͷɫЦֶ룬Ҫøλһ
Ըվһͷͷȥ󣬲ʱһƮȫţ˾һ쳤Ԥöһλɫ۹Ľޡ
ǣϵһϣȴȻж˵سԺţ˿޶ԣ£ǼûпҲûƵģûн·ϡ
һǿİپ飬һȻҶˣʱƼǰپûҲʶȤصԭ
˿̣ǰپ鲻˱飬ǳˣվĨĨ죬ĿзŵֻʣµһըӼһɨ΢̾˿δƵģ˺һ飬ŵ׽š
ʱֻ嶣죬߳λɫŮһλͷףƮŮӡ
ʱȻԵõҶȻҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻָоеľƱ̧ͷȥһоƱ顣
ʱ˵񶼷ϱСϣȫȻûע⵽Ҷ
ǰپǸӦʲô޿Ҷһۣ΢Цſһۣת۾ͻȻŮӣپҲһ˿ȡ
δ֪ǺģˣҶ΢΢ЩŮȻǵͷ˼ףҶ֪˭ˣ
̶̧ͷ
̧֪ͷˣ֪ûǵͷ
ɫ΢䣬ܲȻ̶̧ͷ
Ůίֵ̧ͷֻһĵݣڸǰ
֮̾µ𣬾ɫоҲĵøƯ椶
ȻҶҲĲעݣϽŵᣡ
ʹˣ֪ʲô˼꣬ȻˣҲݶˣһжĹȻû
βϣʱΪˣ浽ǰΣ治֪Լʲô
Ҷȥתͷ̶ֻ
ŮãȻǰȥ˼̬֣֮޲̾
Ůڲ£ŮңǰӦ֮ˣֱͦȻ֪һעԼҪúñֳɣ˷ġ
Ц˭ϳֻ쬡һһλݼĺӣȭ²ӹѣ³ֽ̡
㻹ǹȥɣۣҶʶ̧ͷȥȻ֣ԼԵ̨ȫǰپ飬ÿһپ鶼Ųͬơ
ú˵ٶȣӰȻôõʱ䶼ûɢȥһ뵽⣬һֱɢҶ޼ɵ
飡ǲӹһپ飬о˳ˣǺĽɫȵĻ
飡پͻȻЦЦǰЦǲӹĪ
ԱߵŮҲҲЦѣ̧ͷһ۰ٺ¶һ˿ɫ󣬲ŵͷ֪Щʲô
ңֻŮ飡پЦͻǱ˪һ䣬ΪһĨϹ˹
ƣ˲ĳӡÿһƶһֻ֣ӡ
Щӡɢڽ˸ʯռ¶ȶƣǹѺĵʧˣǻʲôУæҼ䣬ְâһ
ħһ粻ľ޴󳤽źӭϰٷЩ֡
䣡
𣬷ɳʯµġħͬʱײϻ֣һͬʱڴɻЩ֮СʱͻȻپЦһǳһɣɳ֮УһӰ͸ӡϹѵš
ѵһȻ׷ɶ𣬶˵ذ£Ѫ˹ȥ
Ǻǣˣ˭پ΢Цſ̨һۣû˸֮ĿһЦתĿŮӣ°ͣ﷢ǺǵЦ
񣡡ֻ֮ͻȻһŭȣһӰ˳ֱ̨ȥ
ǲɣֻɫһ䣬æվ
ӰȴͷҲδأҷȻǾԲñü޸Ū¡֮˵ģ
ǷǶԼȰ裬Ծ̨֮ϣ̾һԭλֻϣǰپ鿴Լ̬£飬ȡǶ
ҶҲĿһ̨ϵĻꡣ
ֻ곤ԳͦñֱĿ㣬ȴйֻ۽Դż˵İ
ҶһһӦòǸڴμŴȵɣţЩ죬˲ˡֻǼ겻һΪȻҲѴ֮ضڣؿ̤ʵľ磬źõĻʽ۾磬ҲǴпܣֻŰپ飬ɫôֻеͷԵأ
뵽ҶЦѣ΢΢Щֻ˼̵ˣ˿û˿øУԼó汨ðپҲǲ
˶֪پݣ֪һʵ濴ȥǿȣƺҲλʵʵҶȴ֪Ǳ֮Ϊ
ȻֻپŪ£ɫ֮ͽÿЦɣΪŮɫֺα뱾үأ
з֮⣬Ȼŭ˫ȭһŹâԽŭһǰҪȥ
پһҲͻȻһֻ̯ȻİâֱץǵĲӡ
δҲ̫ˣǼԼôӣǷŭһ˦ҪƮȥ
ƾ֣ҲѣЦپһΣһâָųֱݶȥ
ֻǰһƬ⣬УǼɫȻչγйдһݣҴ⣬ȫҴѧŵߴƮ
Ǻǣʹ˴סɣپЦ䣬һϺɫĹȻһǰڣڵĹȻңܿƵ߾ȥ֮ƽ⡣
һֻץĲӣдپ쳣䵭ǿͷĺ˵֡꣡мĽһϾڰֵ·鿪
ȴıִټһϾٵ֮䣬ǵֹһ֡
ǻ£ֻŭһٹֵϷֶл飡
ٺ٣˵Цˣû뵽Ҳز¶پ鵭ϱһۣһ˿ɫû뵽ⱤΪҲѴﵽ𾳽磬һ۹֮ڣ൱˲õˡ
Ҫ֪ؾϣȻʥ־磬˵ǿߣͽ˵˵ʥǿߣǳ־춯صĴ£ȻǾԲ׳ģ˵Ǵ˵еˡ
£оϷƣ޴𣬺裡
Ϊ仰ʹﵽ𾳽ļһޱ
Ǽپס֣Ҳٴȥҽһ㣬Ѽ󵹷ɶȥΪɵپˣոյһɲǣֻڹһңһ֪ˡ
ţȥɲãΪһ̰ɣپǲսӣһ˿ϷŪ֮ɫһ֣ƳȭƽƽһȭӰ첻ŵƮȥ
Ǳ˵̨ıԵͷȭӰ֪ȭǰپĶ֣ʮݣùʮȭӰֻɫʱһ䣬ҲеʱͻȻһǹĳžһǵļ米ϡ
ſӳ£ֹסѪϱΪ֮ҲŭѸԾ˽֮ϣȻŻȭСֶˣ


626 
پȴĿЦЦ˵ղųˣֶҪ
ȻգپȡʤˣʱԣԼŮضҪ޸ϵɾ΢ˣֻЦ˼Цȭۣģ
ǾͶлˣپ˸ֽĿͶŮϡ
ɾʱһЦ
پ飬˶˵ֵϧ֮ˣֱӼˣ̫ͻôһЦմ̧ͷȥƲ֮£ĸߴ󣬼ж׶ħݴԽն
һףݴɫ΢ڣ󶼱һһڿ趯š
еС㣬Ǵȿеģپ飬òҪ֣һӺڰջһ䣬ͻȻһ֣꣬ſ̨ϵİپϮȥ
ߣǴҲҰپǰôſ·еˣپ΢΢һɿǸҶԼ֣ͻȻе߾˫͵ŵ棬𣬡ԹԣС㵽Ǻ˶ȻôǾȥаϧСүûʲôָˣ
죿ȻҶŰپҲǱϵˣҶҲŤͷпȥֻپȫ꣬ɳϷɫ
֮һɫӰ䵭֮дһҺ
ɫӰʵϲ֪ʱһɫϵһɫƮһΰѪɫ˳ɫĽ䡣
žһ׳ֱ۴ӿ׹䣬ֱ̨֮ϣֱɶϿڴѪҺ
հٵģܣʱִһŭһӰдһյֳһַʧһֱۣʹ󺺣һֳųңҡŰپ顣
ߣֻ̫ˣȻôҰپ˵ǿӣһǸˣپһĵص
ãݣȰݻˣˣǵӰеܽһУȻħԾ˲䣬ֻԺѶһӰȻ
ӰתһͷɫƮ¶һ˫ûһɫհף΢ЦϱǰԱߵŮӣ΢Ц̶ּˡ
סڣ̶еģʱŮͻȻ̧ͷĿһۣ
Ǻαˣѵƾһ䲻ôΪʲôҪ׵Ĺܾң̧ͷŮӣεЦһһﳤ౾ͨһЦȻõĸоһƬӭңɲʲôҲҵ⣬²бȫƾһϲãٺã˼һˣҲ¼㰡ҰپôΣӢ֪پĻû˵ꡣ
תģתɲǣپæסҪô
쵰ˣһ˿ҽţ̤գһգۼ䣬ԭʧڰپǰһ֮ɼı仯֮
ݣ켼û뵽ˡͻȻԼǰ죬پûһ仯֪һ㡣
һҲ̫άңپһֻҪ㲻֮£֮£ǿѰʱ㣡
磡һ⻰׳󺺾һȴһɨͻȻǴĮȻľһ̫ˣӭ׵ģƴҲûбҪ
⻰˲̾Ϣһ
ְɣ֪پãôһ仰Ҳۼ˶Ļڣ
ҵĻڣŭЦǻڣʲôڣǣߣ
֪پɫҰپȻһŮĳŮҪҰ֣ܵģ˶ҵӾѿຣ
㡭ŭٶԣȻȷԷ־ɶҡҲ˵ϻˣ̧ͷĮȻĿŰپ飬ұ߿еݳδʣȴһԽĽ
һɫʴӿеʧԭء
پûϸʶ֮иоһĨϬĽ壬һֽмȥ
û뵽ʶپԭֳֵ֮ŽһֵŽâ²ϡ
ݣȳڣһĨĹâӰѲ
پЦһͷ΢΢һͣһɵĽķ˿ƿնȥȴֻǴ˸˿ûȥһ
پôǲ֣ͻȻҶɻһ䣬ȴǰɲپһ硣
ǰӦñֵ˲òŶ԰
˲תһֱѰһˣӦúܿͻˣҶһۣ΢΢һЦ
Ȼٴν켸ι󣬰پͻȻһֱƮ˿
ˣֵݣҲʶˣҼаɣһ˿پͻȻˣʱٴδһƮȥĨնա
쳤һգһɨԲ֪ʱپҲ˹վԭصİپ飬ֻһ߲ӰѲ֪δˣʶûаپǿֻվԭأԲӦ䡣
һƽϢϮɴ·
һһ಻ǽɢĹŹƮɢдһ쳣ζ֮Уʮپ飬һپոʧиپɣÿپ鶼һ˲ͬĻӽơ
Ȼӹģȴ죬ȻվԭûжÿλپĽʱÿһӭжѲģƮһֽ㣬Ƕ
پȻ̳ɰǧȴһûе֡
Ǻپڿлصһ³һȴֻ˸
ҶӰپ״θоһ˿ĲһּȵΣҲǣԼ£ʱҲȰپõȥ
ֻ֪ҵݣɶ˵Уȴǲ֪ݳɣ⣬һκ̬һߵֵаپĽӰһڵ
ͻȻ֮䣬ĻӰʧ಻ԶپֳһϮɫ趯
д־ʹһȻڲ֮Уֻҵľһ˵һ٣Ҳʮ˵գһ̧гֱûڣپͷҲص̨
վһһ˿йԻģ죬ޡЩپŮҲ˳Ժ
پߣһֱڰֺ׷ԾһֺЦ̨˭³Ǵԣ
ʱ֮ȻԶ֮󣬵ּӵǲԶˣ
ʲżʱ˸³ȥȡͷ֮


627 ʱ
ǴֺЦعͷϱæӵʱ³Լǧ޸Ǵɣ
һֺҲֵǴΪɣѾû˸ҺǴˡ
ˣ˵Ǽ춨Ů˭Ҳ᲻ȥģڵʲôĪΪǰپ黹ɡ쵭ȻĲʵڲ֪ˣ˿Щʲô
˼Ҷѻ˵ˣһֱûվȻܲ⽫Ů޸죬˿ΣȴҲˣ΢΢һ˫üȵһƱطŵϳ̾СŮŮףܣӢţǡоһˣȻһˣϷȴЩ
ǿϧʲôûһ㣬̾üҲ嵽һ𣬾޴ƽžƱȵһֻϸɵľƱˡ
飬˲Ϊ֮һ£Īɣ׻ʲôĻɡ
ֻиֵߣһļϵܣǸ̾ջСΪûô
һۣݣЦСܵ£ϸ簡СŮףһΪ˾ܾСŮľұΪ׼ģռԻСŮؼңǶСŮ⣬ȴϣȴûСҺź
⻰Ҳ΢΢ҡҡͷЦƷòȷʵʤ࣬ΪҲֻڲ֮䡣ҿΣӦҲǱϵСϵܣҲ̫̾ˣʵҪ˵ƽǱﳶϹϵڵĻԵϸͲҪԹˡ
Ȼһӣ㲻֪ѴˣȻǱϵ꣬ԸӣʲôȫƾԼϲã֮ǰپƷҪ硣˵СŮǼ޸ˣкӹôиСŮòǰͶңĸŮϵҲŸոպͺãȥԼϲ¡ǡһȥһѶûˣĪɣյСŮ׵Ϣɣǰܻ죬ȥϷһ׮ء
ԭ˵ףԵɣǴʦǰ۹֪;Уʦˡ
̷ѾĻŴ˵ʦЩ˵׷ɱ۹
ɵ۹֪֮ԭԼͲׯׯŮĴС㡣
ıҲΪ˽ҵ˵ս϶ȹġ
Ϊ˸ԼŮһƽ밲꣬Ž̼ׯ
ׯңһ´ġ
ҲΪʲô̳֮󣬻ҵʦԭ
ΪһУаź˵ġ
ڵ֪Լ̶֮ڴްɵ
һˣǰ׼ׯ˶ӵ۹
ȻҪԭҶһˣסұ׷ɱֱ׷ɱ
˭֪ȥĲʱʱҶ󣬸ֱӻ۹
ڼ䣬ƾȨƣҲΪʥԺһѧ֪У֮ʱȴ죬첻֪Ϊοò
ʼ׷ҶӰӣôܴӦ
þ׷޹û棬ڶǿ֮ʣȴ˷һһǰҶһЩ̵顣
̵֪鷳󣬵ʱҲʥԺ콾
ȻҲǱϵĳǲôһ˿˷ػһʱҲаˡ
ɵǣʱҲ֪˷һ˰ܵ飬ŭ֮һѪɱ֮ǿս
һʥԺǴȥˣ
һҲ˲ò뿪ʥԺû˷ıӻҲʥԺȥˣֻһ˵۹
һǰٺú󣬾Ҫͻ۹ʱ򣬿ɲ֪ʲôطҲ֪£ȻҲ˹
ȵǰһߣֱףʱĸţĸмܵסҺʱûԶѶָ˻
ŷƶƻԼĺ£ǲ̣ļֵŷƷһĶǵսҲ֪Ǹʲô
֮º󣬷Ӧ󣬽͵۹ҲȻȥ
һеȴΪ飬˲ֳôһһƳװľ̵֪뷨
֮ûз£ҲôҶȻ֪ܸܲҲ֪ܴܲ죬ľѳۣˡ
ʱֻͻȻЦһˣЩʲôǺ֮ˣ
ҶͻȻĿһĪΪûƵסˣֻСˣһ䣬ѳ̨֮ϣ˭Ҳû壬Ҷγ̨֮ϵġ
С󣿡ͻ̫ˣ̫ˣ˵СС˭ĪǳԴҩڴϹ˵󻰣
ô꣬ǵһ˻Сһ󣬰һ󣬷ЦָҶȵ˭ɹҶô񣬿¾͵ú
ʱ³УҶǰλҲ׵𣿡
Ҷǣ
붼һ㲻ףʲô
ڲһֱͷ̣Ҳ̧ͷеҶʧ㡭
ңҶһͷȥҲʲôı飿
עⳡеı仯Ҷ֮վĽˣûᵽ̵Ҳ̶ôʶˣ̲һʱ֮䣬̫˵ˣ
߼ģ̾Ϣһ˭ǱĪ˵ľٱ˽ܾǱϣ˾ȻûǱҲĶ֣Ըʱ֮ǰ
̴ʱҶݣһһֻ˫ĿҶϣﻹüʲô
ҶϬδȥ̣ȴѾעԼ»عͷȥҪֹסеĲˣЦЦԼȥñүȥ
ããСӹҲ󵨣ӽ첻ȫ㣬Ժ͸죡ŭЦȻһ̤棬ӰһӰдͳлϣСпʱ
Ŀ֮У֪ҶͻȻһЦ


628 ɫ
ЦΪ̶ҲҫŰ¶治˼֣⻰һȺʧɫһתͷȥ
ֻոջվǰҶ֪ʱѸĺ棬Ȼһ˿Ц
龪ˣٵ۹⣬Ƶĵɵϣ뿴ҶǱϵһλΪֻǱϲŻ
ÿˣϸɲǱϵˣʱվȻ˵һ䣬ǵ¶Цĺۼ˴ɻ
ĻʣڶֵȻޱȴҲһֲ©ˣжҶҲɻѣ˵Ǳ۷Ѫĸصļһ⣬ûʶġ
˵ݵλǾԲֵģĵףûҶ롣
ʱʶҶǲǱϵⶼǼܵ£˳ʽκݣһס֡
ͻȻٺЦһ˵ȷʵ棬úܣѣʵǸ˼ˣѲߴͽ̣ʽĿһһ͸£ҲѧѧС
ҶЦããµȷĵúܣȻƻȴʵڿŴ࣬һʱ֮䣬˵أ
Ҷ˵ֻĿɫ˫ü
һ裬ղסֻ֣ԳҶ֪һ仰ųڣҶĲѪ̲ˡ
Цһ߳ãСӣӾ㣬ԼȴʶôٿȻһתתҶ࣬һ죬гһװĳһȻ
ǽ裬ҪЩҶһ֣ǿԿûа̬֮ˣؾᣬƵҶ󣬳֮䣬乥ʵأȰԼ·ˡ
ҶЦƺĲãã¼Ȼִˡһ٣ЦٿȻסĿɭֵȴֲˣЦУչ
ĳݳȻǰտգһɲǣҶȻȣչ䣬Ѳ֪ܵȥˡ
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Ⱥ˴󻩣Щˣ֮£ȴδһڴµġ
һ꾹һ֮£ʹǱϵδܣȴѶ˴ˡ
˻ȻУվΣֻҶվԼǰм΢ЦԼ˵ҪҪУ
쵰˿У糱ӿмһֲö࿴ͿԷֱֵǿ
ȻλǱǼ򵥲֮ˣ˼Լδ˵û˵ԼһΪ԰Լ˿һ֮£˼ҵûп˰ܼ
ֻ㣬㻹Ǿƴƴ˫ʵʵڵΪɣҶЦһȥһȭ
ɫ΢䣬Ҳвʣ˫ȭӭȭǴó棬һײ֮£ֱתĦХ
ؿ͵һȣ
ֻǸտʼˣҶЦһڶȭѨֱҶš
첻֪Ϊ˽ƣ֪ʱȭѽһ˫ȭ𣬷
䡱һֻ糱ؿƣ⡱ÿһ³ӡ˶ʮѪУҪԶ
һƣҶֺһһȭɨ
˿ͷĸٽӣܿȭչƵҶҶĺ󱳡
ҶʩչʱѲʽҶͶ㣬ʹƷϮȻ䣬ͷ֮©˹ȥ
һҪסɽ޿ɱܣΨлӭ
顱һԱӲһУͷӣҪҶȭҶֻһΣƸ
첻أڣҲһȣӲƴһȭִټ˫ϸҶơȭٿƹ˫ƣա
ǰҽƽƽɳҶеһȭΪԼģСӿ񣡡˵ʱѻĳһȭ磬ظ֮䣬ȵһȭΪ̶ģ
һȭ֮챻תҲƣδ³ҶȵһȭΪԼģɫ죡
ģʲôԼԼȭôŭơšɣ緢
ҶԲͷת磬һ󼲷磬򲻵ţٿȭ綾´̣ơȭӰҼա
ɲǼ䣬һڣڱǼ侹֮δʹһֳһš
оŭСӣһֱȭʱýšδ߷ݣԶԶ׳䵽ϣ³һ̯ѪѪˮаģмݡ
Ҷأ󲽣ֱ졣
ػɢҲƣοǰþҲҶ˿ѵ
ǱǸ߰䵽أǾǿޱȣˣҲãֻСӣơ¹ҶֻҶ֣ಫݲͬھҲҪָһ
ԱƵӾ磬ʱҶһһֻҶֹ̬ĻеɳľګɵӰӣǾʿ˫ˣ˼ɣ׽
ֻͷ¹ײ˫ȾϼϲɵӣʱôˣȻǱϵ˵ܣ֮ܰ뵽ɫһ棬æ˵ǱϵˣҪСɫǺã
ʶˣ΢΢ЩĿһۣɬĵ˵ͷ󣬲΢üͷĵ˵ãȴǲ֪Ҽ̶ôʶģ
ȴûҶ֮£ΪǰͿҶǼȭ飬˺ûʲôõĵġ
Ҷƣв֮Уһ٣һҧҪӲƴһһɴӿɵӳ΢΢һͷһֻѺҶ֮䡣
ҶͻȻ˽æ֣һȭ߿գڵ棬ǰ⡢ʯмĿ䣬ͬʱҶҲƮ˳ȥƮ䣬ɻĿƣ֪˾Ǻ⡣
ƻ̨ף΢Ц֣ϼЩԨԴٺ٣Сܵϣ¾˰ɣ
ԨԴҶüҡδ˵
еӣҿ
ƿһۣڣͻȻ͵һͷһһö١
ȵү£֣˵ϻ䴩۾


629 ˳
㣿ǺαˣʶѾã֪˵óõʶȻ࣬ϾΪʱ޶࣬ûô飬˵ҪԼ۾ǾĻ䣬ֻ̾Ϣһȥ
ҶԼУôСҲ̫ʶ̧ˣСүҪúĥĥӣ˵ȥӣˤ䣬ȴ䵽дֺǰ
ֻǰһƬڣƺˣ˴ʹ̣ץסվԱһֺļͷҧվһһٵ㻹Ҫģ
ٺ٣ү뽫ôˣΪͻȻ֮ǰ˵һˣҶ쵭ɼǵÿʼ֮ʱ˵Ƕң͸űүĻ
㣿΢΢һҶŹ֮ǲ죬Ƿŭ
ʱҲȺеǰҼǵ˵⻰ֻ⻰˼Լ˰ɡ
ŭƫƫ벻뵽ǶΪ˵ʲôˣΪվҪǴһ
뵽ͻȻڵأˣҶĸͷе磬Сİݣ
ҶһδشԾ𣬳ݶ
ϡĲҺѣš顱һӰȴǶʿؿѪ죬Ҷδ鼫ǿɲ
Щʿеֻͨߣ֮٣Ķ֣ת֮䣬ʮʿﻤԣһʱ֮䣬ȣۼȥˣ˼޲ɫ
̱ҶǰŭСɫյСҲ̫д´ǽԵͷɡ
ȴҶɫɣһ̶ȴһص顭㻹ǵң˵Ļˣ
ҶͻȻԼǰһأ˵ˣõģ´μ棬ҶСӺÿЩͷ
һȴվѶϣ˴˶ӣȴӿ޷ƽ
졣
ƿŶˣиûӹһ˿ãȻλϴæҶĴ˶ã뵽вһҡ
ҺԼûȥ̨ҪȻֵԸԼһ·Ͽɾеÿͷˣ
ĬȻãҶ꣬ɻã
ͻȻתͷȻãһ㶼ãΪʲôЩ㶼ң֪֪ΪΣʱоӿһŨŨ⡣
Ҷ̾˿̶ֵ̲˵»˾ܣ粻ټƼˮ꣬ʹ˱˵ɤ˻ƣͻȻڷɳ۶ȥ
ʲôɻ°ģҶ˵һһ㶣ȴ֪Ů˵˼µ粻ġ
̳ȥҶıӰһʱҲ֪Ƿ׷ϣƼֵܣ㻹ɵվʲôϰ⻰Ҷһ壬æչ׷ϡ
ǰʱֹͣҶ
бôüĿһҶ΢Цα䣬ΪСŮģ㾹ȻʤˣǲӦûһأ
Ҷ΢΢һعæǼǼСɴˣһ꣬ϥһ
ãããЦУһ˵á֣æǰҶ˷ܵû뵽еϷǸ˵˵
а֮飬ԱϸҶһȴǿ飬ϱЦݣ֪Ҷʱ룬̶ճˣܾˣǺӶĽǺӴʱȥԺˣȥȥɣһ˼룡
˵Ӧ䣬ҶȻһһ䣬Ծ˺ԺӰҶǰ֮˵ȴһ⣬ҪƿҶ֪ȴҶ§ס̶֫̾ʲô
Ҷŭ㻹˵ʲô
ҶȻЦ֪ǷһӻңԶ̵Զˮ̣ɼ绳Ϊ㣬˵ÿȥȥ
ҸҪȥ
ҶٶԣߣԼߡ
ȴǱӣֻǲ
ҶںߣĬĬԶһ󣬺̶֪ҵҲùζ㶪ʱһ뵽ǣվ̲ס
̶ȻͷǣõģкüˣǣͲҡ
Ҷ΢΢һϣԭѾãбǧپ仰ҪһΪ죬һ⻰Ī˵ǧپ䣬һҲ³
ɵɫһվȥ붪ңȥô
ҶЩýǰ͵һۣҲˣ治ԭңȥ
̳Ĭһ󣬺ܲܽ˵һ˵
Ҷ仰£Щ˲ת£ҡͷ̾ν̹ۣתͷɿգҲգڻĺþͳˣ
̼˵ҲǿҶժһҰںϲˮⱿﲻ˵ԸߣҲգֻ㣬ﵽûң
Ҷ˫üһɫ̶£Ҷˣ
ЦҾ㲻𣬲ôߣȻңΪʲôҪȥŮӣ
⻰˵Ҷգһ̵
Ҷһŭǲ
Ҷü̬֪ӷֻ£Ҳ߲ݵأ˵
ҶԳɣǿýЩ
̵ұۡ
֪ѾͷҪʲôʱҶΥ֣˫ִۣϼͷԼͷ֮ϣҶҪ𣬺һ
ۿȥȴ̽һذ״ԼϣЦҵһܸ⻨ĳĲӡ
Ҷһʱ׽͸˿ĭɱʲôá
̵ιǺõģҲɿĵж໨
ҶЦúݣ
ŭٷϻҽۣ
ҶȻۣʶȴ̽ذպˮһƷ˿Ȼָһ˿Ʒ˿һ𣬲ŵҲĵ׵ûңֻҵ̨ǱǽᷢˣԺҲжŮˣ̣Ҿǰ
̶ҡҶ⻰ͷһᣬ½˫ĿĬ
Ʒ˿СպãָḧҶգ̾˿ȴû˵


630 ϶
Ҷ͵͵ۣ·ȥֻĿע棬˫ɢ⣬͸
ˮԶͷ䣬ƿشڶȥݼ⣬ؾŻڵգѣԷȥˡ
ãҶֱӣֻĺƮһƬʻ⣬££㷢صÿǵѰˣ˼Ҳȼˣȴٴˣ
㲻ˣҶ΢΢һɻΪʲô
ΪʲôظذǱڵϵĶ̽뻳Уһ紵ƺЩ⣬תҶãͻȻۡһʹ
֪˶ί
ѵǰ˵Ļôֻôʱģֻʵţоһ˫۰򣬽ػסԼļ
һ˿ůĸоĴǿֹסŵҸôأ䣬ҸôأΪ˽ҵΪ۹СҺƵûȥһᵽģһҲǺĵˣ
Ͼ㡭ҶĿ⣬һۣͻȻס죬ֻƵ㷢ţƽĺĲƵġ
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ʱǿŵĳֻɷʹޣŵί뱯Ҳʹޣõй
Ҷ飬ȴӳԼҸôأ֮֮࣬ѡҼȸǣȴҲ֮ѽѵ治Լأ
޷شԼ޷ش̣ΪҲһΣʱʱ̶̿ߣҲᷢһˡ
ڣ˸ļ򣬳߰ɣ뿪£Ժ󶨻ġ
̷ӵ̧ͷĬĬȥ˭ҲԸʩչṦƹǰСҹɫ߹һԶǹС
ͻȻ䣬Ҷüͷһ壬ǰȥֻɢҶ֦УһӰҶڵϣշת£Ȼ
Ҷ˰Σһ˹ȥŵʬϷɣǾ֮ɫھôͻȻƵģһ˿ضûС
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ŮӼ麦֮ģԣķһľ֮⣬һ¶ھף౵Ļķʱһ
ҶΣתͻȻüһ˫
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žȻĲҺʺѪˮأĻûɢȥһһε˳ڻҰɽϣԵù֮
Ҷһӵԣ˷ԴҴҽһĿ⡣
ͻȻСͷ֮
ХХХδЪСԵĹмһΪͻȻ˿
ľҶǰеľߣ˿̼ΣΪˣڴ֮£ĿһɨֻЩѷƴ֮ʱٵ⣬㼫ѷֱںڹ⻪ż
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ֻٵںڹ⻪Խŵ׽ȴٵںڹ⻪еڿУ޴һƺǱ޿ɱܣֻѿھǵйӰͣ
ӰͣǴ̿һˣҶһת֣ͻȻ䣬ɫ΢䣬뵽ⰵ֮УԼڿα仯ЩɻȣԼзȻϼ޷׶༪١
˿֮գһ֮䡣
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šһӣ̺һĴ
ۣͻȻһһȵѽһ֮ɣһ֧ɳС֮⡣
ҶԼҲһ֮ɿȥۿЩںڵİӰԽ౼Լŵأһҡһȴһ亹
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Ҷˣü΢ֻнһ֮䣬еİԶԶݴ֮Уŭٲ־ܣСүڣ
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ͷһĿȥֻҶȻǰҲ˲裬һͦ˫⡢˫ϥͬʱŵأеˣСĲˣδ䣬Եϵ˫ʮںڹ⻪㲿Ҷ
ҶЦһаŪһŤַʮգ֮ţ뺣ʱӰ١
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Ҷ˫һ£ƷＤɽʮùľƬ·׷ɡ
俴Щһ۵˭һ£ЩľǰαƮƮ£һƬҶ
Щ˰ΣȻһ˻ͷɥڵԣ׵ţãȫҡ
ҶЦһһΪ׵ĺ˹顯һϣ΢΢һЦ˹Ȼǵйһ죬ǱȻűС֮οһ򾡣ҪûǣȻôһ֣ǽ˷ʤ
ߵҶǰﲨһתͻȻӻȡһдּ
Ҷֵʲô
ᴹü򭣬ҵ飬ȴܲТоסǧƽգɲƽս֣֮ҵ֪ͨ÷У
ͻ٣׳˼ΣͻȻӵҶ࣬΢̧һþдֵĽϵ档
ȷʵӦøǣҶ˵ͷڵصǸһˣͻȻ̧˹ȥֻǺСһ֮ƣſ³һѪŷ
飬һתɿһͷȥ֪Լ˿˼֮У֮ԸҲ֮ƣȻϥڵϣһԲĿ˼
ҶЦһһ仰Ҫң
֧ԲǸûĻƵġ
ʱѴ׵Ծݸɿݣ͹ȧⲻһȥ֪Ǽ֮촽ǿֽ̱Ʊ֮ͽı岻С
ü΢壬߳˿ƾףҪʲôȻ𸴣Ҳδš˵̾һԼЩý֮ͽʵ޲ߡ
ȴҶ΢΢Цӿڳ˵ٺýʮͽҲöģܽ˵ʵߺߡ
̶ֵ֪Ըˣʲô취


631 ޳
һ㶣ҡҡͷȴҶһתƺԼʹ˸ɫЦֵһ䣬شңҾһָ֧Ȼһ䣬شҾָֻĺӣȵҪĶ䣬ıӣͷʱҾͲ˵
˵ͻȴ׿һתĿȥֻǺȴĿ̲ס亹
ҶЦһ̶ֵҪǲţҾԸ㿴
ЦһߵǺǰδ˵ȴǺԳ̾Ҫʲô
ҶһЦһۣ㿴Ҳúô
̰̾һжĥ˻һҲ治֪ǰɳľګޱȵļһһ˱ɫıµģ
ȴ֪Ҷѩս֮ʱԴĸַǺ࣬赭дļ仰ȴ㹻˵Ϊ֪λ˵Ǹ˵óõĽɫ
ֻҶһЦ㣬Щ˵Ǵģ
Ǻ˫ĿһţĿһתһ¶ʵ㣬㻹Ҫ
ҶüһʵʵػشҵĻҾͷȥһΪؼȥ
ɫһ䣬Ϻ꣬˰ΣȻͷȥ˫üһ壬ЦȥΪȥҲԸ˵
֪û˵ֻ꣬Ҷһִļϣδת֪꣬ҶҪʲôʱȴѲ˵˵˵ˣһ
Ҷջ֣üﴦ񻰣ҿҪʵ
ǺĿһתˣ֪Ҷȴɷǣжٹƣ˿̶òˣֻôڤµ۹Ӱܹ֮ǰ͵Ϯ۹бҪ֡
Žڤµ۹͵Ϯ۹ļƻȫ˵󣬲ſ̾ڷȥΪʱʹұͽʵعйضҵʬ
ֻ߳һΪһǱ㣬ּۻۣǡδˣǱߺ´ȺѴ߳һﲨһ壬߳˭ѵʲô˵ô
ǺǰһҾڤµ۹ӣмС㣡
˵˭Ҿô̿СߡһȴȻ򣺡ѹЩ˱Ҷס󣬶Χػˣڤµ۹ӡ
ȴҶҪʲôҪҶ½ӰҴԼ̣
ڤµ۹֮ԱݣǶӰ̰мԴ˿̾Ȼͦ봦֮
ȻҲһ⣬սǲնʹԼӵҲȲѣΪͼп۹һ̿ͣһͬ
ڤµ۹һػô۹ҲɱԼֻὫԼʣΪֻУ۹ıõ
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ҶǸһۣͻȻˣЩ˾ͽȥɣ췢ôһܣҲߵİˡδˣֻԶͻȻҶ̵һȥݶȥˡ
Ҷ֪ͨһú۹úһʥ춼̰ٺú󣬾
֪ʱѸһͷһҶ⻰ҲĻϲӦˣҶҪڸϹ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʹʥȥһݼҵһϺѧԺϲӦƽʱڼң̴ҲӦˡ
֮Ҷٴ޳
˶û˵˫ͷ·ˣպһǶ˻Ҷĳǳأ˫ͷ𯱳ȥǻȵĸо
ϼĴӪ⣬΢΢̾һҶֱ˫ͷ䵽ϼĸۡ
ſڵһҴӣæǰȴӻֹˣһһž̽ͷ̽Ե̽һֱû˿󣬲ŴҶٳԺȥ
Ҷ⣬һؼô͵͵ģһϸۡԺҶһĵطһᣬԼһɽȥ
һᣬȵ΢΢е㲻ͷҶֻͻ䡱һǼɽ֮ͻȻһڡ
ֵܣӻͷĴǶһԴҶطе鷳ֵͽ͵ɡ
Ҷνĵ˵ͷǸڣһڣ⾹ȻһݵĴƶһɺִȵӭ
ҶӺ棬ݶڴǿ磬صȥԶŵĿĵء
ܴһۣǰһУҶһǵ´󶴣ԶԶ󣬴ӵ浽ֻɸߣԲǧɡ
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ԴˣҶҲ˵ʲôֵֻܷһߡ
̱ϾֻһŮӣϵĸһ·Ҳʵۻˡ
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ȴֻ顱һ졣
ÿʲôƨС㣬ɳĮˣ֮Ҫ˽м飡һѲһ˹ȥһߵԽֱӳɡ
˭֪ǸʿһЦ̧֣ɿס˶Է󣬽һѲƲһ㣬׷˳ȥ
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һ䣬ֻǼѲ¶һЦ̳УȻ˹ȥ
Խ˿һĻֻɫĹâһֳĳһ壬俴ЩΧɱѲ
һâ뽫ЩѲֱӱڴˡ
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Դ˴θҶǰɳĮԽˣʶǿơ
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Ȳ˵ԼܲܶùԷǽ£ԼһƺҲռ
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ԴӽɳĮ֮У˵Ȩ졣
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׳˿һԱߵԽˣֿһȻҶǿڵҶӣѲԷɳǣǲǵѲ飬ϮѲѵҪ뽭ŶԿҪɳ֮ɣ
Ҷɨ˶۴һۣתȥ˸˸Ƿȡһˮ
СɫʵûȤᡣ
㡭Ҷӣ۴󺺷ζըˣ˫ֱѾƵ˽֮ϡ
һ̣еգʱ
ȻأǶںܶԶĬĬעҶһ˵ðŶӶԵġ
ɳĮ֮УޱͲ࣬ÿһһȷѪս
Ϊһ޵ӵȨÿһս֪Ҫ˶ˡ
Ϊ˱ס޵Ȩÿһжǲϸ
ԣʱÿһ̤Ƭ޵ҪܵЩѲļ顣
ʥԺΪѧ֮һȻλһԱģˮĮ֮Уһ޶κһ˵ǳ
ԾʥԺ˽Ҳ⡣
һ㳣˵ʥԺΪѧԺ֮һ㽭ŵѲŰ裬ٶʥԺѧӽм֮ʱҲӦõùؾذɡ
ɽ쿴һĻȴ˶Щš
ЩѲڼʥԺѧӳӵʱ򣬾Ǻֱײ;̤˼Ҹոռܺõļ񣬸ǵӪĳ
ڽм飬Էư
Ƭк֪Ҷ֮ĳԹ
ȻЩѲΪ˲⡣
֪ȥȴǶԴ˴ļע


636 һ֮
̬֮󣬾˲֪ҶĳԹҲףЩŵѲרҲġ
ǰ̤ޣѲʱǴѲȻҲڳһʢ˵ӡ
ȴԴҶһ̬ȶӣȻ˿ʥԺӡ
ҶһӪһЩ֮У˶Թ̬ķչ
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ûõ۴ָʾѲԽ˵ĺպҲҪƼ˶Էǻ治֪̫ܲܿ
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ȻΪӲϾֻһŮӣȡ
ЩһֱŸ·˯ˡ
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ʵڲԸ̣ڼŮİ£ϴһ˳
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ߵҶߣüһۣȴû˵ʲô
ʱֻһѲͻȻСڶĿ׳Ķ˵ЩʲôĿ׳ʱ۾һĿݶɨҶϣȻƵԽĳ֮ϡ
Ŀ׳֮˸һּΪɫ
Ҷü
Խȷһжġ
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Ŀ׳ӻһŸʾֱ׵ҶУЦɽׯʧıȴϣ£ǲӦøһ˵ѽ
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̿Ŀ׳ԼĿһ˿ٸС㣬͵СһҲ
޸Ļ̵С³ȴҲǺ䣬ٿŻɱڵԽˣ׳ȴҲͣԼĲ
ҶһۣʱҶõŸʾ֮ǳĬʱΪԷѱץסʹţҲô˼Ҷ
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ɱ˰ɣŶʵ˭ģųԼһѲҶ΢΢ҡͷתǣ߽֮С
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Ѫ⻮գڳӵǰʱһߵĳȵĲڴϼ䡣
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ǰЩŵĳʥԺʥӵĳ֮УԵ쳣ҪԡȻƽš͡һˣѺҶˡ
ۿǸʥԺʥӳĬͷŸʾ֮ʾ˭֪һĻȴֱ˵顣
Ҷ֮ǰĳĬԭ˿ûнЩһļ
Խܵǣڼȼյ֮ʱǵ죬ȴֱӱǸʥԺʥһƸˡ
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Ѵ֮ͽʮͳͳ£˽Ѷ˶Ѿ˵
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̶ʱڣѾϰټ˹ûһ˸Խһ֮ء
Ϊ˭ҲŪһʥԺʥӽڴ·֮ϵ˼
еΪֻһ壬еˣȴΪһ־档
ߣΪһߣ˭ֻҪǱͻΪ֮٣ӶһʥԺʥӻɱ
һڼûŪһ˼֮ǰûһ˸ҽӽһ


637 Ѫ֮
һЩڳ֮ļֻؿԽˣʣµļڼʯ֮ϣѶ
⼸ԼǽŵԱʼԽǿֿ
һԽײ쳣ĽһĽֺѪܵĳ֮ʣļʱʵ
˵ʱشˡ
Ϊ˱Խᣬмǽ˭ָʹ˴˶һЩʲôôͳͳ˳
Խһ䡰˭˵ٻ͸һǧСѾȫ⼸ĵ
Ϊ˭֪ʥԺһʥӣֻһˡ
ɳĮ֮УʥԺȨƣվ֣ɱ㼸ҲδػΪ³ͷ
Ųͷ˼Ұɱˡ
֮еļ֮Ҷ֮̽Уһֱû
ߣԽ
ΪЦݵˣӦһܺƵˣôĥǼ
ںܿ˷֣ʼմЦݵļһһħ
ȫû⼸ķһų̲һȡַ˼Ĳ֮
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ЩĹӶԽһǼ֮ʱҲǻð亹
ŵòӲӡ
ѡεʱĲп᳡棬Ҳǲˡ
һЩ˸տʼ뿿Լĺ빦Ӳ֪Խûв¼룬ǼѾ޵İ
ûӣԽܿѾ⼸˵ĿУõҶҪĴ𰸡
ƹḶ́¶֮µһʯͷϽеģû˿Ĺ˼ɣֱӽŵϡ
ˣӴӪ֮⣬ϰٸκιж
Ϊ˶Ѿ֪ԽˣλʵΪ
˿Сһһɲϰֵܵġ
ԽϵϢ˶֪Ҷ֣ЩСܣҲڶʱڣӪ֮İ
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һطλʣѾݺ޼ˣ
׹ĺܶˣڰи̾ʥԺʵ
ֲ˼ҸҲŵ˷ڣʥԺڱ˼Ҿ
ҲһЩڰҶһ˵ģͬΪΪѵˣǵǴվҶһ
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ȻǼѶ֮󣬽Ļĸֵˣ
һѪɫӰͬһ⣬ֱӻʣڰ֮УһӰżƿ֮˳ӴӪ֮⡣
ˣһϮѪɫۣͷѪüͷҲѪ֮ɫټѪ콣ʣˣһַǳǿҵӾ
ݼѪ֮۴ˣѪӰЩΧӪļȫĹڵϣ˴
ţȼɭϡ
֮Уǵ֮ĵһˡ
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ÿһ£ųǧļ
Զ֮У˶ڲѪ˵ݡ
Щĳƺ֮УǲףԭǰΪѪˣǽ֮ʮ֮УڵʮλѪ֮ۡ
˵Ѫ֮ͶȻһսֻʮλײкֶΣȴʮ֮У֮ĵһˡ
˵˽ѪΪҺ壬ϲ˵Ѫԡ
һˣ֮ɫ䡣
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Ͼܹ治ɫĺɱŵļͿԿʥԺʥӣηλѪ֮ۡ
ڣ˵עеѪ֮۵ϡ
ֻҪ˸Ҷֻ֣һʥԺʥҲӳ
ʱԽѾѶϵļһʯ֮ϣǳ֮š
ЩѶϵļ˿̵ģȴޱȣ񶷰˹Ҳû֮ǰİͷ
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һأһʱ䣬ԽԼĿǱƿ
Χй۲ʿжʺš
ǡ
λԽŵѪۣ֮ȥʥԺʥˣôǱ˴
һƽкÿģѵõʮ֮еѪۣ֮Ҳ
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ĬѪ֮ʥԺӪصľ֮ʱ
Ѫ֮۾ȻǱǰͣûڼǰ
˿ܹ͸Ѫ֮۵һ֮ᷢУ˿̳𺳡
գ̲סˡ
ֻԼһѪɫĳһĻӳһεĽʱϮϵһ
ʱһֱڵϣû˿ĳͻȻ֮䣬
ֻǺһ
ڵϵĳͻȻεض𣬴һɰԾµĽƣֱѪ֮նɱ
Ѫ֮׼һ㣬һѪɫӽֶ֮ΪһѪɫĽâ˲ӭ˳նĳ
ȴꡱһ
סѪɫȻһѿ˵϶Ȼһ֮УΪһƬ˵ϡ
һĻайעˣֱɳӡ
һĹƣ˹죬ͺһεˣһֱԾն𣬳Ѫ۷˽һ㡣
һ˹죬Īǿƣ
ǡ찡ֻյͨɱ֮УͻȻһǿʲô˼һ㡣
⻰һֱһƬˡ
û
ͨݽշУǿɱյĲͨ
֮ʣ˽һңնһС
ΪµֶΣ
ͨ
ѵһʥԺʥӣѾ֮
һ²⣬úܶп
̫˼ˣ
ҪҶĽ֮ǿɾһɺԵش¼
µ˵Ĵڣֱһּ˵
κһֻҪһ𣬶ζλ
ңһʮ壬Ÿ˾
˭Ҳܲ²⣬ڶʮ֮ǰͻ֮Ǳ᲻ٴͻ𣬴ﵽʥ֮


638 
Ҷܴﵽĸ߶ȣ˵ʲôµһĵұʮ쳯Ҳҹȴ˰ɣ
ǣ䴫ԣĽ졣
½֮ϵ𣬷ǳ֮٣ڴ½𣬸ǲһǧ֮ɴ˿ɼϡٳ̶ȡ
κһߣҪͻ𣬱ͻľ
ûоַƷ֮ǾԲ֮
һԣһҪ֮ҲҪ߰ʮϰٸ䣬ϲԵп̤֮
ʥԺʥӲ˫ʮ껪ľΪٸߣҲﵽÿƷ֮ľ硣
ǶԷûпƷ̤֮֮
ԣһ̣˶ѡ˲ţѪۣ֮ϣһ͡
Ѫ֮ʱȴѾ˫ۣеĽѱ˫֡
ģһɳѪ˫֮ɢ
ɳѪԽԽŨԽֱ۳һ˫Ѫɫףֱ˫֮ϡ
˫׵ĳ֣һ쳣ҵϢʼɢȥ
һ˫ףѪ֮һֲʵչ¶ţȻͻƾۣﵽ벽֮ĳ̶ȡ
⵽һ˫ʲôף
ѵһ취
Ӧòǣ취Բֹ͵ȵ취ҲǾ춯صġ
һ˫ѪɫףǽŸ취ԭӶαӻ
ţеɽկĸо
Ѫ֮۽Լʵ߷۷֮ٴγˡ
䣡
Ȼһȭҳ·м䣬˺ѳһϸ죬ѾػزڵϵĳٶȰν𣬺ݺݳѪ֮ն˹ȥ
ֻһ֮
һʱ䣬Хȭƺ
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һһˣභ˰֮
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ʱѪ֮һ˺ۣѪϽ͸Ѫɫۡ
Ѫ֮ȴǿվҶסʩһ񣬳лӲɱ֮СۣѾڸɳĮ;С
԰գѪ֣֮Ȼһӡ
򵥵һУȴʹһڼ״סˡ
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Ѫ֮۵ĵЩޱߵģѪ֮۵Ĵ£һٽҶһȫ£һѩ֮ǰ衣
˭ûҲû룬Ѫ֮ԷӲƴһ֮󣬾Ȼֱ˵
Ѿó׼ļȻһ֮󣬲һɻѪ֮ۡ
ҪŪףѪ֮ǲǷˡ
ɵǿѪ֮Ȼ֮ʱףѪ֮۷Ҫǳˡ
һٶĵĺݺݵԽһۣתӣʧ޵
һЩԶðʿҲ֪Ѫ֮ΪʲôһʥԺʥЭ
Ѫ֮ٿһԶҶס֮ת뿪
ԽͻȻڵ
Ѫ֮üͷһ壬Ȼתһɾ˵ƣͻȻϱԽôѵǴıˣҪҲɱڴˣ
һ仰˵ѾһʥԺʥӵС
һ㣬ҲԿˣȴһ죬֪֮
ԽٶȽסԼЩԼΪԷĲɱ֮Ѿһǳؼ鱨Է
ǶԷʱ֣Ǿֻ˵Ҷ
˭˵Ҫɱ㡣Խ鵭ȻǰȥС˵˼仰ſǴ͸һЩǴ˵ˣʵ뽭ſûκγԹǽĸԸ˵ǹʹҲ˵
˵ֻ֣꣬һԽߵһСȻȡһľУװǼ֤ʡ
Щ֤ʣѪ֮Ŀһ
֪ǽܱ˵ǹʹˡ
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һδս֮󣬳ˣɫѾЩ԰ףÿһ˵飬൱ء
ɳȻǴ˵֮еĿ塣
ֻһϮɱжȻɳ˸λۣ϶ɳǿ
һͿԿɳǿǳĳ˵
˭޷֪ȵһϮǲǻ
ĳɳĮ֮УҶ۷սҲ˵һʤԷ
ҶҲû뵽ԼȻ˵ùһνɳĮײɳ塣
ɳ֮һ壬ɳĮ֮ףضǿ
ǶսʿӵԶǿǣ徭ҪɳĮ֮дһʹǵ
ɳ֮˵ǼһЩʿȣҲѷɫ
ǿĿɳֿ֮ɳĮ֮ⰲȫǵĹʵ˷ʤͷʹޱȡ
λɳλҶһλֻͨͽ֮Χɱˡ


642 Ŀĵ
ɳ˷Ĺӣ࣬ΪʲôԭѵЩһҲΪԼɳȫûʲôĿģǱܵĻɱһдɳĮ飿
ҶЩ벻ͨˡ
һ֮
ӣٴܵϮ
һμҶȫ֣ɳȴһֱǲλ
ΪػˣҶȫ߷Լʵ
ֻǽڳ֮ǰκ֮£Ҳ˺һ
ɳλս֮֮ǰļɳλۣٴξ
ɳλսܿ͹ҶػȦļնɱ
ʵʱѾ൱ˡ
Ҫǹؼʱ̣Խ̵һֻ̣ѾȪˣ
ԽҲˣʱڣʧȥս
ˣҲϹҲʣûһ˵ġ
ߵļŮ⼸Ϊܵҵıûгʲô
ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ʱҶüͷȴıһθˣ¶һ˿ǵ֮ɫ
Ȼ
ڽһιУӣ˾֮С
ѩĶޣɳնɱƥû˶ޣѩϵʣֻܳ׷ˡ
ȻҶϵſռռָĿռռָ˸ָʣͱпռʢװˡ
Ȼ˲ʣʱΪ˱֤ҵҲûиõķˡ
ΪЩʶгֻ̣ǶýƬɳĮ֮С
ɳĹƣѾԽԽԽԽƵ
ÿ죬ͻһϮ
ÿһϮ֮У
ƻһսɳ֮УһԳѹҶɳǿߡ
ҪҶٽʽǰʽΪһʽʹһУֻ¾͵ñǸɳǿնɱڵˡ
⻹Ҷɾʮһ˿ֲĸ֡
Ҷ²⣬ɳĸ֣Ѿһʥ֮
ҪȻԷԲӵս
ǳ֮ǰҶҲû뵽顣
ҶѾ˾׼ӵϵʣʣµװ·֮ʱ
޾֮·ϲڳˣ
ΪڳʱǰԶȻһޡ
Ҷɨɳ֮еһ֮ʱûһ̣ɳĮ֮еޣУá
ҲƲסļ˱Ƭޡ
ҶҲ˿
һƬޣ˶Կɳʱ
޶Ҷ˵һǳõĵط
ɳ˵ȴһء
˭֪ɳĮ֮лɳɳ˵ȱٵˮ
һɳ֮뿪ûлɳĵط뿪ˮ棬ǽɡ
ԣֻҪ֮УҶˣ;԰ȫǡ
ȻҪǣ޵ĳ֣ԲĿǰļһЩ
ǿعޣǿѩϵʱԪ顣
һûʵۣг̣ҪĶࡣ
ڴ˵ڿԺú˯ˡ
ЩܵɳϮ˵񶼽ţѾܾû˯þˡ
ɳײУҲǲ׷ɱġ
ӣӿ˱۵ٶȣɳ幥֮ǰޡ
Խ˼ǻԾ޵ĵˮ֮ϣˬˮԼϡ
Խָ£˿ʼѩʡ
Ǻܿ죬Ҷͷһǳص⡣
Ϊޣƺֻһ򵥣
Ҷָоԭǧ֮طͻȻܵٵǿϢ
ЩϢ˴˽ݣڽһҡ
ÿһϢһɷɱ¾ʲôһ㡣
ЩϢǿвûɳǿߵϢ
мϢҶ˵ǳϤ
ѵɳָĵط뵽ҶæȡԼɳȻɳʾȴ־ϲ
˿еɳѾתΪ˺ɫҲ˵ޣǴǰյ㡣
ȻҶȵǣƬ֮ϣССĺ㣬ֻ²塢ٸ
ֱЩΪÿһ㣬һɳ
塢ٸ㣬˵֮ϣ塢ٿɳ
ɾ֪ɳҲ۹ʮöɳ
ôͻȻðôɳ
ԣ쳯ĩ·۹ܻʮɳôõɳһ۹١
뵽ҶʱЦޱȣԼǰĿȷʵ̫ˡ
ϣȵ߶صɳѰ飬ɾʹˡ
˵ģֻ˵˴˵ľͻ
ҶԽӪһ˳ǰȻǱȥ
ʱǰƺѾеΪҵʱʱʱᴫһұҵԪ
Ȼڽƣؼ
Ҹǰ洫һҽ֮ҶԿ϶ǰսѪС
ҶܵЩսϢﵽȻǱֳ;УѾʮǿϢʧĸӦ֮С
ȻⲻǶԷˣЩϢˣѾսնɱˡ
ô£ΪƬ֮ϣȻ˴˻սѵбʮӵʱҶѾ·ֳ
ûйȥ˼
һȽصĵطϵϢʼ۲ֳ
ǰһƬʯ̾͵Ĺ㳡ϣȻİ˶š
㳡ܣ˴ССĿӶЩӶ棬һ߾Ѫģʬ塣
ֻǴһ㣬ͿԿղһһǳҵս
ЩѾȥʬ֮ϣɢһ˵Ϣ˵ЩߣǰҲӵвս
мȽǿĴڣܵҶĿ⣬ͻȻ̧ͷҶ֮ɨ
⼸˵Ŀ֮У˽䱸εɱ⡣
Ҷһ춯Ǿͻ̳նɱζ
Щ֮Իսһ𣬻ĿΪʲô
Ҷ鵭ȻûнǼ˵ĿϣǵȻĴ˹㳡ľ
һƬǳĹ㳡㳡ĴСٱȵʮ򳡵
㳡ܣһʽصĵ
Ҷ㳡ܵĵ񣬹ʮ
㳡룬ǰڷһʯ̨
Щʯ̨̨ףֱԼʮҡ
ҶȵķЩʯ̨ЩӦҲʮ
Щʯ̨˴֮䣬Ӧʲôϵ
ΪҶĿЩʯ̨ӴһʱǸӦԼϵɳʶЩ񷢳һ޵Ϣ
ҶʱΪԼɳǿڲͬаϲ
ɾһϸ۲֮ȴǺʧķ֣ϵɳЩ񷢳Ϣ㳡֮ϵˣϵɳЩ񷢳һϢ
ⲻҶƵ뵽ڡǩɣ


643 ̨
Ź㳡ϵЩʯ̨ǵ칤գǳӣ˸ָķģʯ̨м䣬һƴССǳ۵ĳ˵ǰ
ǸС״ôɳһ޶Сһ£ѵɳǸС֮Уʲô˼鷢
ʯ̨ǸСҶһƺ뵽ʲô
Ҷûϲȡжʼ۲쳡е龰
ɨһ£ҶѾˣһİˡ
ȻЩѾսģɴǧ
񻹻ŵİˣȴǴССֳʮ
һڹ㳡ռһ򣬱˴˽䱸ܣγһֹĶų档
ڳκһˣڿ˵ʱ򣬶žԵɱ⡣
Ҷ˼ˡ
ڽŵ䲶ͷ֮ۡԼϼ죬ȻѪ֮ۡ
⼸˴˾һγһҲС
ȻϴνŵļҲ֮ҶѾԽصнһ顣
УйĴ˴ͷʮ۵ıѾ֪
֮ʦүһȴ쳣أΪûǵ
ԾʥԺĹϵǳӴ󣬶˵ϢȴǰҲûռ
ɾҲҶԽŵʵһŵ˽⡣
ŵ£ǰ˴ͷʮ۽дĴٳ
£ҶȻҲ̫η彭ŵˡ
ŷΧ֮һʥһˣԶľһǳӢΪס
⣬һҶΪеҲԴϴ뵶ұ׷ɱ֮󣬾һֱûټĵұٱǧ
˿̣ڵǧߣûʲôػֻǸһаȵĹŮӡ
Ҷʵ֪ׯһ˷ʣԷͻץסľϵ
һҶҲֻסˡ
뵶ұ֮սǣׯˡ
ұҪԸˣֻҶԼƺ治Ϊׯ˵ġ
뵽ҶٴνĿ⳯һɨȥ
ˣǲ֪ʱϵҲɴˡ
˿Ҷ˵ͷûй֮Ĺϵûܹ˵ע⡣
Щˣ㳡Ⱥ֮УмҶע⡣
ʯ̨ĵطĸ۵ˣһˣһһʯ̨֮ȥ
˵󣬺˵ĵʮѪܵʬ壬ȫԽѶ
Щ˵֣Żӳе̬ڵûй֮Уһ̣Դȴֱӱ˿
Щ˵Դ֮еԽȻɢȻǸȥá
ɲ˵Ǹʯ̨ȴʮǿߵסˡ
ɽһĻȴ˵飬֮£˵ǿߣһ⣬ȫͷ
ҶԸܵĸū͵ĺˣһʵȴǾޱȣŶ֮¡
һһ֮䣬ƺʲô֮һϳ֣ҶԿ϶ԼǵĶ֡
ǸˣȫҶ͸ˡ
Ҷ׵ĸ֪Ҳûиܵϵһ˿Ϣ
ֱȴ쳣
ˣΣգΣգ
һˣؽʮľ档
˴ĸʯ̨㳡֮еգȻ
Ҷūʯ̨һ˲䣬ڳˣǽеıУնʯ̨֮ϡ
ߣǽ߷˲֮˸ɭɱ⡣
ҶԵĿЩ˶Ҫ˸̨
ǣǿЩԶʬ֮ͬѪȵĳ棬ǣҶ֣ǵ³Щͷˣʲô
ھԵС֮䣬նѡ˺ߣĬʯ̨ˡ
ЩʯͷʲôΪʲôÿһȥʯ̨Ŀ⣬ޱȡһĻҶзǳƣǴ֡
ڳˣһʯ̨ʱ򣬾һɫħһŮ޲˹ȥ
ʲô˼ɣðȻж
ҶʱȻվԭû
˿̹㳡֮ϵƽ൱һóȻִƽֻͻһȷѪꡣ
̬û֮ǰҶɲΪʸ֮ģ䡣
ڹ㳡˵ע£ĸˣʯ̨
ĸˣͬʵū̬쳣վǸ˵
Ǹˣ̧ͷʵİƣǾɳĮ֮еİƣźܴĲͬ
ˣȻֻ֮£̬еɳĮ֮жеľɫ
ֱ֣ѳ̬Ǿ˿ûн㳡˷ڡ
ĸ˿ǵ˿ʼɳĮ֮еľɫҲǳĬ
ֻһǷķʯ̨ĸ
һļž
ղ֪˶á
ͻȻһʵЦ𣺡ʮɳǽ̨ʮΪһ飬ʣʮһɳǽ̨ҵұȡһλӦòʲôɣ
ұٱǧӢ쳣ϣʼմһĨĪЦ⣬ߵǸаŮӻ߳Ź㳡ϵɨһۡ
ĿɨҶ֮ʱȴ΢΢һ벻ҶȻҲ
˼ûп׽͸
ҪҶ׼֮һս֮ʱǧȴֱҶĶ𣺡⣬ϣҶʱ֮ĳԹ˵
˵⻰ҲҶе뷨ֱתǸаȵŮӣһʯ̨ȥ
ģұƨʲôƨұˣֻҪǸ̨ӱ֤Ƕʮ߰˿顭
һ֮ҲûдﵽСһȻҲմָ̨ǲ֪ӹޣҪȻӼһΣͱһΡ
ʮ̨ǽԶżŻɳĮˣѲʮ֮ڣôǿΪЩ̨Ѫս켸ҹһռһ̨ǲǾǵұĺ԰ʵ㣬ֻʵΪǿʮλǿߣſӵеϽ̨еʸʮ̨Ѿʮֻʣһûпˡһ飬ʮһ̨Ҫӵ͵ó˫սֻʸԶżȥѰĲԵҪóʲôұŻˣٺ٣ǵұٱɣԣ̨֮󣬻᲻˽ʬʵ㣬ʮʥԺûоԵʵҲֻ·һ
СߵǸС椲ôү漸죬˵үһãԳְһʯ̨ٺ٣ôүѽ
ɳĮ֮һ·ɱ¾ˣûһ֮ʵǲа˿̼ǧǸаȵŮӣĴ
Ҳѹ֣ŮһǾ¯Ů˫ޣԴкô
ЩаޣǷǳó˷񿴵ǧߵŮˣܲġ


644 
Ҷԣȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ǧˣӡ
ЩƵǧأ
ҶʱҲ˵Ľ̸ˣԭǰЩʯ̨ȻǽԶżΨһŻ
֮ϣÿһĽ֮أǳء
еһЩڰ֮еĹţеһЩں֮µͨ
ߣ˵ݽǰż¼
ȻģǸָĻͨ
˵򵥵ĻͨҲûʲô˿ǿ롣
ûӦðȻӲ³ޱȡ
ˣÿһżŻĽ֮ͳΪһ쳣Ķ
ǰЩʯֻ̨Ҫɳ֮еͿԽֱӽżѰ
ҲΪʲôҶΪһʯ̨ӵȨ໥ƴҪԭˡ
ǰЩʯ̨Ѿʮ˵Щʯ̨ϣǹ̶ġ
пܣʮʯ̨Ϳһ飬Կ
ҲܣЩϣҪʮʯ̨ܿ
˵ϣȴҪʮʯ̨һ𣬲ܿ
ʮʯ̨֮ϣѾĸˣֻʣ½еʮһˡ
ڳˣԼ½ϵˣֹǧʮһʯ̨ͳ˱ض֮
ʱܻսľߣڿĴķҶףҪõһʯֻ̨½ǳѡ
ֽ̨ÿο֮ڲͻľӶʧȥá
Ҳ˵ÿһֻ̨ܶһΣÿһʯ̨֮ϣֻվʮˡ
ԲŻ˼ҵľܶһʯ̨εɳĮ֮Уǰˡ
£ҶҲҪռһ̨
һЩ飬ѾԶԶ
֮գһΪĥԽˣǿܴܲҵԵơƿ
ѵһϵżУ㲻ʲôԵҲԴе֪һЩйԴĶӶƶϳԼΪʲôǲܽԭ
֮սûгױ֮ǰҶóȻ֡
Ϊоڳ֮ˣǸɲ⣬֮ϣż쳣ǿϢ
ÿһϢһ֡
ÿһΣգԶڳܿġ
ԭҶΪԼͻʮ֮֮սݺµıǮ
ҲΪŸҽɳĮ
һʱĽ¼Ǵ۽硣
Ľţֻʷ֮еɳ塣
ǿߣҶʵܵơ
δ·ϣȡʵϵͻƣֻĻᱻ̭
˵䣬Ѵڵľ磬֮ϣҲǼΪټһ׾ˡ
ԴˣҶţֻҪŬԺ£֮ء
ʱǧܵ˵ƣҶüͷһ塣
ǵϴ뵶ǧｻ֮ʱλԼȵǱĵұٱҲʦ֮ʵ
ʵ˵̨ߵﶼܡ
˵ģֻ˵Щɳ壬һһġ
һȴԼһߵѵʵҲͻͽˣ
Լ׷ɱ·µŵĶԷҶһֱеļɵ
ʱ˵ΧҶҲ侮ʯһΡ
ڱûжֵҶҲû̾ǧﶯ˼
ұʷ츳ѵļһһӣһˡ
˿ֵ̣ţ϶ʲôơ
û˵ĵϸ֮ǰҶҲóȻ֡
ȻǧһЦ֮С
ֻ˫һʣһգץס˵
ĽʱһԵϢͬ˯ޣ˫һ㣬һ˶Ϊ֮ļµȻӵ֮б˿
ĵͬκһ㣬ݺ㳡֮ϣյĵǧһ̣ͬ壬ȫ£ʱ˲һ
˵ĸоƾеĴ󵶣ͿնƲһ㡣
һ̣һֱĬаŮӣȴЩǰƹǧˣ¶һĨΪɫ
ɫչ¶һ˲䣬ǧеĴ󵶣Ѿʡֻ໡һĽȴһƥǵӰ˲Ǽƹǧˡ
ŵǣǼһʵ׵ߣȻܵʱ䶼ûС
˴͵Ŀ⣬ֱӱõҧУȻӣѸٱ˸Уգ۵Ĺ߰˸ͬϵıУȫͷһɶ
ͷɵõǣٴλΪص˵ǧеĴ֮Уͺƴûгֹһ
ǣܵա

һľ
Դ
˭뵽ֻ֮ٱȻգ֮䣬׾ɱߡ˸ʵԶĸ֡
Ҫ֪ȥ߰˸ǿ֮У˵ʵѾﵽ˰벽ľ磬֮ǧﱾˣ˲ֹһΡ
ǱɫĴ󵶣
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀ⣬ǧеǱסˡ
һͷųڴ󵶡
ɫź⣬䵶ۣ֮֮Ѫɫͫƺۣʱһ㡣
ʲôУ
ô˲˼
ҡ֪ˣǵǵЯУǵұ֮˵֮еĵؽλڳȺҲʶ֮ˣͻȻ䣬ʧг󵶵
취
⼸һԭ֮һǿߣ˫жʱǿ̰ȡ
ÿһŵǧǱǵʱ򣬶ʶ촽ƴһĭʶĽַڸԵı֮ϡ
֮ϣһıУǾģҲΪС
һ㰴СԷΪǧ
ϣƷʱ֮һˡ
ıУǳѵãһֻһЩɵĺĵӣӵȱС
֮ϣǴ˵еķˡ
͵˷ҲǷǳϡٵġ
һ˷κһɱ
ܶʱ򣬾һЩҲһӵ˷
ȱ˭ʵǿܵõģýԵ
ֻҪӵдˣԵ֮ˣпܵõı
Ϊһ˷һǿУֻҪܱȫ߷Ծ춯أս֡
һһ˷֣ԺɨʮƵͬǿߡ
˵֮Щ˵طߣǿԽս
ȷΨһȱ㣬ڲеˣߵıԴطҪһ֮£߸ᶯȴɱ
ɾǴ߱ԴֻǾһʱ䣬˶֣ߵıԴǿԵõָġ
һÿһ޴ķ粨
һϽ׵ط
һʱ֮䣬㳡ڶߣ˫Ǳǵʱ򣬶̰
һ̣ǵĿ֮Уһߵǧе˷
ȴû˸ҳ֣Ϊ˷ɡ
һ֮󣬷ı˲һ˿΢ϵ
£ǿжᵽ˷ܼԦܱɡ
Ƿһ˻ԿԱ
ǧʵ䲻ǿֳһϽ׵طԿȫɱڳκۡ
ǵ𣬿ƵطԱֻµֵˣ㲻һ
Ȼÿ˶֪λұٱԲܴ߶طԱҲû㱬һط
ɷ¶һ
һ˼һˣһ˼ô죿
ԣ£ȴû˸Լȥġ
һط֣ǧĵȷʵѾʮ㵽˼㡣
Ŀɨ£˼֮⣬ˣǸ߹Դ
һط£ǧ֮ľ磬Ȼһʯ̨
ӳϵǣ̨ĹУûһվԡ
ⲻò˵طȷʵġ
ʮʯ̨ȥ塣
ʣʮ̨
һĻҶУҲЩ𾪡
ʣǧеĵطҪϵκһطҪĶࡣ
УпǵǧеطǸһ취α취
һطĳڳٷ֮ʮ˵ע⡣
һЩˣȻҲԵǧǵ̰ȴǷǳǿҡ
Щ˵ϣҲһЩ̡
ҶоѪ֮۵ϣһļµϢ
ϢѷɫڵǧеǵҲһط
ʱǰȺ֮Уִһɧ
ֻһӣ˳
Ǹٵ̰㿡˷һµ֮аϴʱһĨŵе΢Ц
ˣͻȻȺ߳һʯ̨ȥ
һĿ˵̬
ڴ˵󣬸һοݣʵ˵ˡ
֮У˵飬һֱȻޱȣǸˣȴһĨаЦ⡣
˾ֱӵ̨ϣȻûκλ̬ȴǿ˵ǼΪˡ


645 ǿƵ̨
ߣλǸôʵԼڳλ֮ߣһ塣
֦ͬһǰ䵲ס˵ȥ·
һóмĿ´һˣЦɲǰڿĵطȥɣҪȻүס
˵ı£ûʲô֮ҪλȻòű˵ʬ壬пܡ
֮ǰǼˣǡ
񿴵䵥ˣ˶ʱΪˡ
ֻҪΪ̵ķʽˣѪȵĳ棬ֻ¾˲˰ɡ
ģ֪ʱһɭЦѾ𣺡λǺõȻҵկ֮ĵͻȻ
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ǵĵصһ˲䣬һ̱ǵİ֮УΪһ̯ʬˮ
Ǹվˣƺâһص˿֮С
ۼĸ֡˼̫˵㣡Ǹĵߣ˵ʱĿ΢ɨɨеɱȴһš
ϹȻ̾ΪԼĳֶȲѣֻҪܿˣ֪һɱ֮ˡ
ǻ˸ǵǰ棬ʣһᱻ˻Ϊһ̯ʬˮ
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һû˸ҳˡ
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һȻռһ̨
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ȱѡϷһͬȥɣϷӦû˻ΪǵġľͻȻתƽĳߵǸ˵һ䡣
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˶ľλ֮⣬Ҳ˴ﵽ˳λľ磬˴ֻǰ벽ۡ
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ԾһЩðʿҲû˸ҳʥŵˡ
ʥŵ˶֣Ǿƶŷ
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˵Ѿͻʥ֮ﵽһ˵֮оĴڣҲĿŵغŷԡ
һʮֻ̨ʣ°˸ˡ
ζڳţаٷ֮ʮˣܽż֮̽
һֳգӽˡ
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˻ع֮ʣһ˵ӰѾһĽ̨ϡ
˵ӰߵһϮۣΨһϽۣͷڣĿŭȫ£ɢһơ
ͻȻİˣòŴ磬ŵ͵ɣȻʥ쳯ˡ
ͷǸͷڵˣϴһεĻ֮ӦӸλˡ
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ܴԽɳĮԶˣûһ֮
Դ˿Ȼܹ˵ϣǵ
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Ǵղչ¶ֻЩ˵ʵѾ֮ǰǸһսˡ
İ˸ˣȻӵоԵʵռһ̨
񣬻ʣ߸̨
Ѿд󲿷ֵˣҲͲסʼļ̨ȥ
涨̨žһս
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ԣֻҪĳʯ̨Ǿ´ˣ
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̨ʱ⿴Ҷһۣе˵ͷȻߵļϣһԾһ̣ˣռһʯ̨
Ϊķһţһ̣ʵȫȻ
һлһطƣѾԶԶ֮ǰĵǧ
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һգۼ䣬һ̨ռˡ
ʱ㳡ٸ̨Ȼֻʣ
㳡ˣɶۣҲ˼ʲô׷׳ļ̨ȥ
һֱվԭûҶ׼
ֻȻһԳˡ
֮УϽ̨ʱ
ȵ̨ʣʱٶֻ֣˵ķˡ
ȻҶϣܿġ
ʱͻ
еˣҲȫɫһ䡣
ΪڳÿˣظܵڲԶͻȻǿ󵽲˼
ƶٶȣǳ֮죬֮ʽֱ̤
ǿ
ǿ
вǿ߸ˡ
Ϣٶȣǳ֮죬ȻԶ֮⣬Ϳǵƿ֮
ȵתͷȥ֮ʱֻɫɫ磬ͻȻǰûеȵ˿˵ӰǾѾΪӰֱ䵽̨ϡ
˵ٶȣʵ̫죬ǵӹ֮󣬲һ顱
ȴԶɳĮ֮УͻȻɫѪҺһ߾ɳֵʬ壬һХ쫷֮У֮˳
һЩɳ֮апɳֱ֣ӱֶΣɱɳ֮С


646 һ̨
ڻɱЩɳʱζûͣһ¡ʵǼΪǿˡ
Ҳֱһ̣˲ſ˵ò
һ⣬˶Ƕʮˡ
飬ҲǴͬС죬һŸ߹š
ϵķӦǾǴɵˡ
ˣÿһԲͬɣֱɣԴ˿ȴһһһռ̨
䵽̨֮ɨһռн̨ˣͳһϥڵأ۾Ϣ
Ȼһ·ϣҲǲԶûǰɡ
ϵķǲеĺĵӣֻһЩͨҵӡ
ֳϵˣûһеȥԾǴɵˡ
˵Ŀ⣬Ͷһ̨֮ϡ
ֳǧˡ
һ̨ѡ˽ŵ֮⣬ҶԼʮ۷ۡ
ʱ
Ǹ̨һλͻȻӣͬһ㣬һ̨Ծȥ
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ǸһʲҽУʧ֮ϡ
һˡ
ӵпĴѽ
ƽѵһɳĮ֮УȻǽӶ䡣
ҶĿǰѾвʮڷˡ
һεϮȣȴͬһʯ׽ƽĺ棬ʱһķӦ
һʱ֮䣬ʮӰֱӰεض𣬳һ̨ȥ
ģһ̨ҵģ˭Ҷ˭
̨ӵģˣҲø·
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ϵżҲѵһΣλᣬˣɱɱɱΪһϣɣ
ס֣Ӳˡ꣡˸ոմ̨һ仹û˵һԴһѪ׷˳ȥ
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ÿǰһǰˣĪ׷ɡЩ֪ˣҶ˹
ɱ¾ҶҲֻ̾Ϣһеĳ
һʱ䣬ѪӰ棬ȷѪ֮С
˴ĹУֻҪд⣬ͻᱻ֡
Ȼʱֻ䡱һ죡
ͻȻ֮䣬һĿޱȵѪ⣬ͻȻ𡭡ţѪ⣬ΪһõѪߣʼڹ㳡֮ϡ
ЩѪÿһΣͻʱڷ
ЩѪߵĹĪ⣬ûֵܹ
Ѫ֮κ˶Ѫ壬ֱӻΪһѪ⣬仯Ϊޡ
˽ԼıпЩѪߵϣҲûκãѪǰκηıУֱһǱǱˮ
طһط㳡ϵˣƺʶЩѪߣ쳣ʧеǵˣҪپһ̨ˣǽŵȨȣˣⲻڽʦô
طȨʦүЩʻһƽһס
ѻҲĳ棬⼸ʻ㱻˽г֮󣬾Ȼƽ
ս֮еˣˣŻӽ̬ȻǿһɫѪߵʱ򣬶ʱ԰ף˿Ҳ̨֮ġ
ط֮ǰѾʶˡ
£ȻûԸװ
ЩѪϰ֮ͻȻһβȴǷ׷׻ΪһѪ⣬һɫȨ֮С
Ȩһ֪ѪǴģ棬һѪɫͷЩѪķأƺȨȣʺѪһּɭĸо
ȨȵˣȴѪ֮ۡ
ļ²ѵ˷ͷһɭޱȵϢǰˣһԶÿ˵·
Ѫ֮ۺ䲶ͷ֮Լˣǻһ̨ȥ
;Уûһ˸ҳ
ٺ٣ʶ㣬ÿһɣطǻҪģ˭ٸһ̨ǾһŵЦ̬з
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˿̿ԼһѹȫЩ
Ѫ֮ϵȨ֮ʱҲһ˿⡣
ĸҲǽŵʦү֮һ˳ʦүΪǶıǽŵҡ
׵ûеطսһ;ϣһֱʦүѹƵġ
һ죬ҲѪ֮ѹơ
ѾǵһδȨȵˡ
ʱΣҲ뽫ȨŪԼС
ţȫжû뵽ԼſѾ˵ŭɫ
ŭŭطȴ˵Ҫ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳû˸ҽеŭͷŷϾطʵڲֵܵġ
ЩνӢۺܣҲЩֵѽٺ٣طһȻ˶ͷڹ꣬ñʧأ
Ѫֳֵ֮طķ̬ǰĵ⣬ѳת˶ʼɣһطͷľ
죬ϲͷˣԼ˱˵ǣȻǿҵԹޡ
һʱ䣬Щûԣ˵˳뼤˴ѹһѪ֮۵硣
ǣµĺȴǲġ
䲶ͷ˵һ仰ʱ򣬾ɫ΢䡣
Ȼȵ콫ڶ仰˵ʱ䲶ͷɫѱѿ
ļһҲʲôϣȻʱ˶Ѫ֮۵Ĳ
Ȼ䲶ͷ֪һ򼵶Ѫۣ֮ȴû뵽£޴ķڶ
䲶ͷһ̣޲һļһ뷨䲶ͷҲֻ룬һǿҵΡ
ĸײϼļǽŵʦү
ݣһ֣ǵġ
ԣˣ𷣣ҪȫλСڵİȫ
뵽䲶ͷʱӿĲΪҹζ࣬ҪϽ̨
Ϊ˵õһ̨䲶ͷǷ˲˼ԽŵƾʾˣѪ֮ȡȨȣɱķһ־ԵѪֶΣɱĵһ˿һסǿ
ûȨȵѪɱ¾ûнڱƾ䲶ͷһ˵ʵҪһ̨ǾԲ顣
ղһԣȴѽ䲶ͷĹǺ
òײŴľ棬һС


647 
˿䲶ͷһЩʲô£ڼӿ첽ǰĹУȴǰʹһɫ
䲶ͷԼգ۾΢΢һȳΧкŭ˿һۣһʱ֮䣬ȴȫ䲶ͷ˼
Ϊ䲶ͷԼգ۾ҪԼֵǿƵģóѹ˵档
뵽б뷨¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
䲶ͷǵ˿Ц֮ʱʱһвá
Ȼûüֹ죬ȴ췢һĿЦٺ٣ղűطɱ֮У໹ڳλͬɡǸеԼͬ鱻ɱȻҳǱ𣬾طٴҲڹѽɣӸһᣬֻҪ˭ܿµطһ֮һ̨Ǿ͹ãôûԸͷ
Ǽš
һ䵽䲶ͷĶУȴǱѪ
䲶ͷһ̣Ѿ֪ˡ
Ϊһ仰Ѿ׵ȼǿĵǿѹŭ
棬һĺܡӢ֮ۡ
ÿһӵ൱ݵˣٰˣҲԡ
ҪѪֵ֮ĵطʵ̫£ֻ´һϣһ˿ˡ
ڣˣʼ䲶ͷΧ£ȥ
ףЩϣҲᷢŭôΧ£ҪΪǵͬ鱨Ѫۣ֮ɱİˣЩֵļһ²
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һĻɫ䣬ֽһæ㵽Ѫ֮۵дΪ֡
ôҲû뵽ǰѱǳסǿȻĸǶ֡
䲶ͷ̾Ϣһӭȥ
Ѫ֮ɨһۣٴμеطܡ
һʱ䣬Ѫէ֣Һ
֮УʱʱŲ֫ʬ¡
һѪȵƴɱٴĻ
ٺ٣ȿɻɻѽ٣þòû뵽һ棬һݴңñ˲֪أ
һɱ˼ϮɱߣЦǵѪ֮ʱʱһζЦ
˵ֱ̫Ϥˡ
ʱ˯ᱻ˵Ӱѡ
˿̣ͻȻ˵ϵЦ̲סһգһԹĺ⣬ռȫ
תӣһӰɫѿ㡭㻹û
˴ϼ뽭ŵĹĶ£ʮƵ׷ɱҶѾҶǱɣ֪ԷûȻһ·ߵⲻ޵ġ
ͬʱҲҶһֶΣɵѡ
֪ҶĵҪǲԺһ鷳
ʱ˯εҶڱ̨ϻĳҹоѡ
һҶһҲɳĮΪнŰг֣ɳĮ֮УҶؽ֮ء
֪˼ҾȻĳԼıⲻһľ
Ҿ˵һ·ϣôôɳǿߵϮԭڰеٺ٣٣³ɺޣһˣҶһЦȺ֮У˳
ƶƣǵǰˣԶÿ˴
һĻҶĳ˰
ҶϢɢѾý̨ˣ̲סĿͶ˹
ǿȻԲս֮
ᣬӵд˵սĪǴ˾ȻЩɵĺĵӲɣ
ôܣЩɵĺĵӣרŵֱͨӽǹϵż֮УôЩ̨
ʥԺ˵ʥԺʥӡʱ֮ǰеһͻȻڡ
˵仰ԶɳĮһۣŵɳвٸ֣֪˵ʵǷ紫˵еǱϵĴᲢۣ
һҶڵķ΢΢ͷʥԺĽʥӣǰǱϵĴһսȴܣֻ·ǱϵľԸ֣ûĶˣ
˻һڳ֮ˣ޲ʧɫ
⻰ҪǳЩɵĵ֮ڣֻڳˣû˻š
Ҷӵʮ֮ʱһսͿɱ۷ۣʮʣȫսѾﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ó취£ҲնɱһλҲڻ¡
Ҳ֪Ļ£ԼûǲҪ¶Լӵ취飬Ͼ취Ĵڣʵ̫ˣһ˶ϣ壬ҪǱʥ񼶵Ϲﶢϣǿɲġ
һ˶ϣܻܿΪһ취ΪԼΣ
ǱҪҶԲὫԼ취ʾˡ
ΪҶĹǳأϢʱ򣬼ͨûʲô
Ȼڳ֮ˣ˲ҶĵȴҲû̫
ҲûпơСˣȻѹǱ콾սϸһ취
ʱҶһʵʱ˵ľ
챾ˣǱҶˡ
Ŷ̶գһԭܿϸˣڣȻȫҶǳˡ
ʱսֻ¾һλҲ֮ɣ
̨λǿߣ˿̿Ҷϵ飬ҲǸͬ
һֱ̧ͷ죬һȻˣʱҲͷҶһۣ˫֮ȴ¶һĨɫ΢΢üͷĳɻ
ұĵǧȴ¶һ˿⣬ţȴǵ˵ͷΪҲΨˣΪԼĶ֡
һ۹ǿߣޱĴҶһƺ飬ûôϡ
һײƹկ֮¶Ц¶˵ɱ⣬һǿľߣЩ˼ɡ
ߴɵͨӣֻüͷҶеĺĵȽ
˼ҵʥţľҶ˵ͷ¶һ˿΢ЦϵУȴʵҶ𺳵ˡ
ϴЮҶʱȻҶ츳ôҲû뵽ٴμ棬ǿҪ˱ܵĵز
뵽ҡҡͷһЦηѽ
Ǹлȱˣб¶һ˿֮ҲҶһ˿⡣
ȴаϲҶʵ֮ϴδ̨֮ʱȷʵ˲١
ҶҲܶһ̨֮£˴ż֮Уջˡ
ȳǸˣȻὫҶĹϵ¶
ˣڿҶʱл¶һɱ˵ĸоҶ֮ʲôɻĳԹһ㡭
һĻ䵽һЩʿУǿʼ
ЩʿĿУȥҶˡ


648 뺷
Щ˵˼ҶȻĺܣȴǺϣȥ
ƾͼƣһϲ
û˼¶ҿҲޱȡ
Ҷֱ֣ںܶ˿϶ƺĺҶŲɻĳԹ
ҶģǹʥԺү治ô죬㾹ȻҽɳĮѽɫ˼㡣
ҶˣѾ˱ɱľġ
ΪҶĳɳٶȣʵ̫ˣ񲻳ڽԺֻĻᱻҶײڽŵף޷֮ա
뵽쵱˵Ѫ֮۵ߣɭѪ֣һѵײϣٺ٣ĵط
Ҫõطɱң찡죬үηط֮ͲվˣҪɱңһûлˡҶȻһЦһ˹ȥ
Ҷӣϴγ㲻ɱ֮ҽԲɱ㣬㻹˿ɡѪ֮۲ûĻֻҶһ棬ûҶɱ֡
ȻѪ֮ҲҶ׾ѣϾϴҶȷʵնɱȴһ
Դ˿ЩѪߣֻѪ֮۵ߵûϮҶ
ҶȴҡҡͷѪۣ֮ȨȣҲҵĶ֣Ҫǲţ;ԣҽҪΪ˽̨ǱҪʵڲԸɱˡ
Ѫۣ֮߶طɱСӡ䲶ͷҲܵ˳ϵΣһϽȻ˿ġ
˿̣ѾȫҶǱȫסˡ
䣬ûдȫ£ܶԳɳȵزҶļɵѾԶԶ졣
ѾΪԵʣѳߵҶĶ棬ԣһ̣䲶ͷ˽Σȥͷ
Ѫ֮ԣ䲶ͷȴǺΪѵ壬ϴ飬ûȡҲһ˵䲶ͷѿɫٶȿҶҶӣ̨ø㣬㻹ÿɡ
û뵽㻹һˣðɣҲΪǽŵˣֻҪ̨øңˣҿԺɱ
Ҷⷬ˵ÿв֮˷̬
˵ʵҪΪѪ֮ˣҶܻɱ֡
ģֱ̫Ѫۣ֮Բͷ֣˴ˡ䲶ͷҶſȴҲܲסŭ˾ݣѪ֮´
Ѫ֮ԣ΢΢ҡҡͷǽеĵطٶȾ
Ҳطһ˲䣬ȫ£ɢžȻƺ͹ϵҶӣҲɱ㣬ȴãˣˡ
˵֮һӿ˲˵ط֮С
ֻಣһ
һѪߵѪߣ֮һβһ̣Ѫɫһ㣬һѪӰҶҧ
ֻҪųһѪߣδҲ̫С˰ɡųԼӭѪߣҶһЦ
һ̣붯Դϵ֮ϵķѾﵽһ̬ĳ̶ȣǿĴ󵨵ĽκʽĹˡ
Ĳʹâһһ۶ɵףƾճȭͷ֮ϡ
۵ףѾ˵׵һˡ
˵֮Уۣ컯֮󣬱Կ۳һס
ףΪף˵ħ֮
ȻҲֻһִ˵ѡ
Ϊӹӵ֮ߣȻŲ٣˵еĴڣҲϡ쳣
ҶеĴڣǷëˡ
۵Ĵڣӹ񣬻û˵˭
ۣʱҶܱױɽһǵˡ
һɼ񡢺ʵȻ͵Ϣе֮ɢ˲˳ˡ
ͬʱҶһȭ
Ĳʹâһţһ޴ȭӡֱӺԼѪߡ
ҪԾԵʵԿط
ҶԼں֮󣬻ֵסһƷײµȵĵط
οס
ֻ飡һ
ϮѪߣ⣬ȭӡ˲
ͬʱȭӡȥƲȻֱӳȨȵıȥ
䣡һ
Ȩ飬ҶȭӡϮԶɵһѪ⣬ݺݵҶȭӡ֮ϡ
ֲ˲ɢ
ȭӡȨײһ˲䡣
ҶֻһĪȻֱ͸Լȭӡ˫ȭ
ɫ΢Ҷʱȫ˫ȭȻǵĪӭһȥ
ȴֻ˫һӣǵĪֱײ˳ȥ
׼׷ɵһ˲䣬սһĽٴƿԼ塣
һţ˲佫һεֵסˡ
ͬʱҶҲڽ֮䵽˵֮ϡ
ಣһ
ѪɫӰȴӰΣҶδ֮ʣٴϮ
طȻǵطԼ滹СҶһ㣬ʶ˫΢棬ֱֳֳȨӭȥ
һʱ֮䣬ӰӰէ֡
ҶһĴ򷨣һطƴ
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˵һЩ˵еӵԶ˵սǰһֱΪǸҥԣȷˣ˼ȻԿֵ֮طĳа
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ŵʦүôҿģҶģղƺûȫʦү٣ҪɱֻҲҪһֽˡ
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˴ż֮УǻǸԤϣһʼԽ·ġ
һ˵ȴǴͷ


650 ͷ
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Ŀİ׹һеˣ鲻Խı˫ۡ
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졢Ѫ֮۵ˣȻҲȥ
䲶ͷһ˵ȥ㳡ϵˣҲɢ˳


651 ̴
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652 
ҿɲΪʲôѽҶͷӡƤЦڲЦɱ㣬ȥɱ˵ǧ˵ƺҲˣ
ģҶ̫ӿɲƼӣͬھҧȻźԣȴϺˡ
ȵ˵һԱߵʱֱԾ˹֮ϣæϵĸͷȡ˳ٺٴЦҶսԶңҲǸû師鷳
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ҧӴûˣʵ㣬ϳ師ϣӾ˯žҲϳ̵ĻԵŲš
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ȴԱһطϾϣһ취ططԱԵУټҴҵҲûô
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Ҷϸ鿴һ師ϢȷʵԼҶ֣ҧֻĻὫ師
ȻƴļһʵΪթס
뵽ҶҲԳҧֵͷ
ģӵһطȷʵӵһֱĵơҶ̾һ£쳣˴ðôΣսһҪЩջѽֻҪҵͻƿķԺⷨԱ֮ӦþͲвԼˡ
ҧҲ˿ĵҶ츳ȷʵˣϴμˣҲ֮ھȻֱľ磬ϳҪֻºܲף
˴һһһթд˶ƶԷ
еԷЩ֣һʱ䣬Ҳòʱеͷ˰ΣҧһתͻȻڵҶǲҲʲôҪȻôΪͻͽܸܲң㵽׵ʲô
ҧһԵúǳĳ⡣
ʲôֻĹе⣬־׷ɱһΪǱˡɱģҲøˡ
й飬Ҷ֮ΪһԶܡ
ΪԼΪһֱ֮ͣҶһֱûҵԭо飬ӦǸɣȻܸκˡ
ൽͻȻ̽һЦʵ֣˵һΪһŶӦòֹһ׸һͷɣ֪滹ʲôأ
ҧЦЩ˸ʵʲôһƶҵһط˲õԵˣϳ󡣡
Ҷȴɻ֪طҲ˵ʵͻѽ֣һʵ벽֮ĪǹŶ֮Уӹҩɣ
һţҧһҵĹԹԣҶģô¶ܲµ
ϳһΪܴﵽأȷʵΪǸŶһֵҩԵʡ
ʵǸŶ֮У˵õһط֮⣬ҵһƿƿ֮Уװöĵҩ
ƿ棬йֵҩĽ˵
˵ֵҩлɵֻҪ̷һöͿʹ̥ǣ
ҧ񵤣Ȼϲ
µһöɵʱһ˵ʹ֮һֱӴﵽ˰벽ʵľ硣
һöٿ֮һ嵽֮
֪ڶöɵ֮ȴǰ㷴ӦҲûС
ҧ֮£ϸйػɵ˵ȴǷֵ֣ҩȻֻܷΡ
ⲻƣֻôһöҩ߳ɽ
Ѿˣֵҩ̶ȣһطǱҪ򲻻ᱩ¶ġ
˿Ҷ𣬳ҧæô飬Ƚԣɲǳ׵ġҶ룬Ҫӹ鵤ҩЩߣƨѽֱȥЩ鵤ҩ̷ͺˡ
дαĶԴһȴа
Ҷ˵ûҧȻһš
Ĺ棬浽׵ĳ̶ȣһʱ䣬۷֮
飬˵ˣҲû˵
ҧ˵ûп鵤ҩΪҶǲš
ҧ츳֮ֱ˵Ҷ֮Уһˣ
һﾹڶʱڣһŲĲߣһټ˰벽֮
˵ûйǴҶҲš
½֮У鵤ҩȷʵû˵
֮治С
û˵ͲûС
ҧϣ鵤ҩҲһأ
뵽ҶĿ⣬޵ɨ˳ҧһۣ¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
ҧܵҶĿ⣬ʱһľ鲻Խһ»еǸƿ
Ϊ֮٣ҶͻȻһĨâʱæ˻ɿһװһµתƻģ治ǸӴͷ̣ôˡ
˵ҧĴһ£Ѱ
ҶҲ֮ǰǸƵӢˣ˺棬ʵղŸһ׵Ǹˣʲô֣ʲô
ҧмǼһﲻһƭӰˣҲ֪ôģǼһյúܣҴǰǰ̽̽Ŀڷ磬ʱǼƲ֮ززˡȻҰϳһ´μ棬һҪɵ
˵ҧɷ
Ҷԣ΢΢һû뵽ǸĲ񻰵ļһǴ˵к˵Ƕǡ
ѹֳҧ˴պһ𡭡


653 ɱ
˽ͬУżȥ
ɢϢż֮һЩͨޣ
һ·ǵûʲô⣬ֻʮٷˡ
һСٷ˴ǿ
ʮٷӲǱҧǵֻʣһڿ㣬ŷ뿪
ҶЩٷˣȴû˿ȤֻһԿţûж֡
ҧ𽫽Ķʰһ֮󣬱ٴθ·
ûãѾ˵˽ȺĺĵضΡ
֪ʱԶȴӭһѪ֮
ҶһݣΣѾˡ
ȻǺȻǶ౦
򣬷κһмֵĶֻ¶һɱ¾
ֲ֮ǰΧûʲôˣǶܵˡ
Ƭߣ˵ֻۣ¾ϵĴڣвҲ䣬νΣأ
һ·ϣȻҲ౻նɱʬ塣
Щʬ֮У˵ϵĴˣ֮ʬ壬ҲΪټ
ҶҧΪơ
Ҷһ𣡡ҧǰ棬ͻȻһ
Ҷ߽һֻһʮߣϵϢӦȷʵѾ֮ȴֻһλԴδȫ
ϲצۣʬ嵹һ浹ǽ£ܵĽݲеһƬǽ塣
ȻǰǿУ֮սһŲģ
ߵ֣Ҷע⵽ϵצۣΪɵģĳ޵צ˺ɣС֮һѪƺڲʲôֱӱצ˳
ҶߵԷתһ£ֱӿС֮ǸѪʱкȻС֮еĵȻֱӹᴩˣôһ£
ȻǱԴ˵һЩʳĳЩĵر֮ҲǣӶ仯Ϊޣޣѽˣ
ҧ˵ߵǷԲġһõôҲӦЩöɡ
˵ߵϣҵһƱֻ²ʮԪ顣
ҶȴЦЦнһõУϸ
ʽֵĳޣҲǲ֪ʲô϶ɣ쳣Ҷ˳Ҳûܳϴ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ𳤱ޣԳҧЦЩƱ㣬޾͹ˡ
ҧҶеĳޣʱ۾һæҡͷУƱ㣬Ҫӣ
ʹͷģҪʲôãҶһգˡ
ҧһᡭ
֪ʱɫһ䣬æˡ
Ǻ˵һ˲䣬ǰһʬ壬ͻȻ䡱һը˿
ʬ壬Ҳ֪ʲôֽţը֮㣬ÿһѪҺȻ綾ޱȡ
һЩڵѪҺ͵죬ʹõ涼ð˰̣
Ȼһʬ壬Ƴһ
޴ըû˵ǶˣѾݻ˸ʮ֮ڵĽ
ǱѪĵطʴһĺڶһЩʯ̾͵ĵذ壬⣡
Ǹ壡Ҷͳҧͬʱһв
ñ˵ʬըַʮֺ
ڽ֮Уа鷢
һʬ壬ɱʮ־ˡ
ΨѾߣʬը
һЩа޿һЩеֶΣһڵһ㣬Ȼбըɱǳˡ
ΪַʵͣһֱѹʿĴѹ
飬ڹ컯֮£Ǻ˸ġ
һż֮УһЩаΪĲȡֻκֶζпϡ
Ҷҧ𶼼磬ʬ屬ըҺûǵϡ
Ǹո֮ʣȴȻһŭһͷʨѾſѪڣҧ
ΣԷҲһ𼶵ĸ֣
ҧһŭȣγ師Ȼͷȫ۵ʨȥ
һ֮
ҧָ˼ͷ۵ʨȴֱӱ룬Ϊâɢ˿֮С
ʱҶ̧ͷǰȥȴĸ꣬վǰʮԶĵطǡ
ղŵ壬Ȼ˲õġ
˵ߣһ뷢԰׵ߣһۣҶҧȴûжֵ˼
ϣһͭȣ״Ϊ֣϶ף¶һһڵۣͭȣʮߣӦһط
ϵķΣӦЩĳһҡ
ѵϴƵĽ׶Σһˣһݾɱˣ͵֣º滹зǳӲҪ򣡡
ڿҶҧһ֮ȴûעˣߵ귢˱ɱ
ڰߵĿУ˿ֻѾΪǴ׵ĸȫҶҧ
ҧɢֻ۵ʨ֮󣬾Ѿ˵һſڣ˿̼߿ڣȴһԾֱԽǽХȥҶȶţȥҰ֣
˵治Ǹԣܵñӻ죡ҶһȴûѡߣһӿȻ˳˹ȥ
£һζӣ⡣
Ĵɱ¾ɱˣɱ㡣
ȻˣɱҶˣǱͳͳ·
һȭ£ЯĸྪĿɿڴ¶֮ɫ
һ·ǰ֮ǰֶΣѾɱ˲ˣһҲǵС
ǵģѼȴҺеĿ̬
ȴû뵽Ҷһ֣֮ƣǿ֮ǰġ
ʱǣף˴Σߵˣ
а쳣ʱ
ֻǸһǳҶǰ棬ٺЦСһ֪ڵȦȴ֪ߣηѽ
ȣһҳҶһȭ
һȭû׵ֵȵʱ򣬶ʱҲһıȻҶȭͷҳһССȱڣ
־ŭ߱ȣһַǳ϶ɵġ
£᱾ԴȻϽ׵طҲԶʤһЩλؽ׷
ıУҲΨЩϵĴڣʸʹá
ƽߣҪõһ飡
û뵽ǰĵطֻҶһУ㱻ԷҳһȱڣʵЩԽܡ
Ҳֵ֪Ľɫ϶ȻҲеؽ׷壬֮ģȻĴɱ¾һЩСĴڣעҪȻʵڻƴʱ߱ޣ͵ȷԺԻȡģߣ˵һӣĸ꣬ûһ֮С
ҶҲûȥ׷ǸߵĹڲ֮䣬ԹۣҶſնɱİߡ
ǶԷƣǾЩ鷳ˡ
ûбҪҲϣĶԷġ


654 Կھ
ҧʵһֱûԶǶԶҶһ֮䣬ͽͬʱˣвɺȻһҲװˣģ֪ԷӲӻܸƨѽӸղ֣˵ܽ˸ˣܸɵˣϵĶ
ʱҧͻȻһЦһӢޱȵˣֳҧ֣ͷԶʲô
ҧν˴ɱȻη֮£䲻һʱһ
ת֮ʣȴһߣŭղܵȥˣҪҶĴƣӽǱ㺦˲ɣ
Ҷԣ΢΢һ˴ˡ
ֻһչҶ΢΢һЦλˣ˵̴˵֮ǰҪ֪ʵôܻ⣬ٺ٣
ҧ𿴵¶ЦݣʱһֽеģӦòְɣ֪ÿ¶ֹЦɱ˵ǰס
еһϣ΢ЦҧֽˣĳÿЦʱ򣬲ɱ˵ǰף˵ǰף
˳̽һۣҶЦλνΪΪʳҶֵʽǳֵ̽師СܶǳȤǾͳͳȻС·˵СܵΣ
ҧ師һмģҪǶʲôԲ켼ŲӼͷ㡭ģҲıǿǰôţѽҲʵ㣬ҶĲҲǳ죬ҪİԲӱ֤Ժһôģ֪
Ҷü̴ӣɲҪ䣬ԲѧŶݼ֮켼ôƵģĵطвĶ
ӾȽ˳ҧ˵һΣʱְ˵Ӱͬһ㣬㽫ҧΧм䡣
˵ӰǱ壬ҶӵŹ
ҧΧס֮˵ֱӳҧ˹ȥ
ҧٺһЦҲʲôֻǽ師һ٣ʱ붯
ʣƻ
ǵطԱǰף
֣ס֣ҶæǰĹһһ³࣬Ц֮䣬ûʲôԹһɱɣ˵ˣҧĵطһ˭꣬Ǻαˣ
״һ֪ԼĽҧƵ·һֻĻط
Ҳɢ򷨣ųҧһЦճ̵ģҪһطӽһ㣬ɶķ˵͵ҵĶҽҪȻĳ˸㲻ݡ
ҿΪϡЩ⣬ǣҧһһСƤ׸ͬʱڷҵһطӴҲӱһһֱŪ㣡
ˣҶҪ˵ˡҶʱŪףΪʲôһ棬ҪҧˣǳҧһֽŻ治ɾû֮ʣ
뵽Ҷȴɻ֣ľô̴Ӹˣ
ŭƽҪһˣ֡ǰãһﱻһĽɫѪҺľһ֪ȴûϵĶ֪ˣ͵ֱӱǸ˸ˣ
̵ģΪӻм㣿ӣ޷ȥˡҧŸͷֵҪǱˣôһͷײط
˵ҧҶҶϳû㣬ģ˼ĺܣҪ£Сͷʣһ
ҶȻ֪ǸĽɫ
룬ҧƴļһҲǸǳթ
룬ĵطҲΨˣܸõĻȥ
һûӦǰ·ֻ»ա
뵽ҶȴǳĿڵ˵ʵ֣ȥǰǶжҲ֪ǰ·һߣ飬ʱŶӡһأǶ÷еǵƣϺ֮˭գ˶ȣ˭Թۣ
ҧԣȴ΢΢һ˱˴˶һۣԥһ£ȴǵ˵ͷ
Ҷ˵òĵطǲҵߣƾһжᱻ˸ˡ
˶˼֮˿Ҷһ㣬ʱҲף໥ڶȥֻĻύ
Ҷһ׵ǡ
Ҳ׺ıҪˣȻˣôұһοھҶЦһ׿ھǹϢģֻҪѧοھеİȫԣ
ԣΪ֮ݣ֮ǰҲΪҶϢ֮ѡ
ڣҶȻվǵǰۿֻǵƾʶȥӦĻΪǰֻһſûˡ
Ϣֻ֮Ҫһߣֻ¶֮Ķѡ
Ҳ֪һžѧԺ߽ǺεȵҪ³ڵҶֵĴȣʮ壬Ժĳɣһ֮顣
ҧҲæԣԣԺõϳ̵ĵط־ܿڡ
һοھ˼ǿ֮˵꣬ô㣬ӦǴ׬˰ɡ
Ҷа֣ȴûб¶˿
ǳҧˣӵдԵ֮ˡ
Ҷҿ϶ǵĳɾͣԲֹڴˡ
һοھ˵һŵȷʵռ˼ıˡ
Ҷ°һ׶ŵϢǡ
Ϣķţ½ǼΪϡġ
ҪȻҧҲˡ
˶ǷǷ֮ܿ콫һϢķųˡ
ʵַţһ㶼ѣҪǶ뾫Ŀֻ֥ҪһЩرѨѡ
ַֻûָ㣬һĵ
ַų֮󣬲΢ЦӦչʾһʵҲڷͻ¹ʵʱӦĶԲߡ
˵һеȣΪȻǸ߽׵طҲн׵ط֮ļƷȫչʹҵĹ룬ƾӲƴλҲûʲô⣬֪λֵܵսΣ
ҧһģƨѽӵĵطһǳλҲ̡
˵꣬ȴһҶ
ҶӣЦ֪ûеطǺαҫ
ҧӶһиͷǰοҶҶ֣ĸղŵõǸƱӣȻһ˷һ㣬ͻ¼ϳҵ師ɽһá
ҲһЦ¼ҵҲ֡
ҶЦ˾ͶлλĺˡҪ֪Ҷϲŵطһ˵е취Ͳ֪ʲôˡ
ŽȺеĲʯȥ
Ƭ̣˱һƮѪĵط
Ѫ֮УŨѪ֮Ҷˣһ


655 
֮ǰѾһս˲ˡ
߹Ƭ򣬵һߵأȴԶнŲ
Ҷ˼æ̧ͷȥֻһȺһСһɽȵȥ
Ǹɽ֮УҲཨΪ¾ԶѾƲڲѾ˸״ֲ
Щ˲ʥ쳯ˣѵȵˣҧĿۿһƬ̣ͻȻɳĮ˵Ϊʥ쳯Уȵˣ˵ô
޾ԣ˵һ£ֻ˭Ҳܾ֪ҶһЩ˶ʥ쳯ʲôԼܵѽ̽ģ
ЩˣâһЦҪСƣЩͳͳ
⻰Ҷҧһ
ˣ濴ȥһ湫ӣĶţʵȴһɱ˲գ۵Ļħͷ
һҪǹײУҲΪ˵Ƕˣ
ƶˣʵڲ
ҧçҪƺˡһľʼΪЩĬ
ԼԺ򽻵Ķ೤۲У飬ûа֣֮ĿУֻʤܡ
Ҷۣٿӣ֪Բ飬ĵˣǲΪѣõİ취ǽ֮նɱɳ
Ϊй˿ܲҶ᲻֪
ˣ˭ֻҪԺԼϣ군󼪣Ҷ뵽ȴٶ룬ȻҲûЩ֡
ĵط˲ңҲˣ
Ǻҽɱ¾ǻ
ڲƵĽȺУĴʬ塣
Щ˵ϣ˸ʽİЩ棬о綾ҼΪ˵߱
Щȥ֮Умۼĸ֡
Щۣݺ޼ɹˣΪƾǺµΪͿż֮гͨ裬ȴ֪ණҪǵ
˵ﲼõֻأֻҪԷһ޴ѡ
һЩĸۣûЩط֮£Լ˵ֻ»۵ߵͬ顣
ⲻò˵һֱ˵ƾһ۵ʵֻҪСĽһЩǲӦýֻ֮ϵġ
Ҷˣǽ֮Ȼֵ᷸ͼĴСܿ壬ʵڱܲ˵֣ǿͨ
ǰһЩ̽ߣˣûⷬ
Ҷ˲Զĵطм⣬һأĶ֮С
ҶܿЩò¶ֻ֮⣬˵û侮ʯ
Ϊˣ֮ǰҪǡǸ԰Ϊ׵Ŷӡ
ߣ˳ƽչϡ
˿̣չϵɫȴޱȡ
ո̤ƬżûǧףӰûһġԵ޹ʵѪУпνù˼㣡
ʥ쳯һǼҵĴϣһΪѾﵽ۷壬Ѿһذ壬һۺ˼㣬ѾͻƵף
ϵǸ磬ǴԵ֮ǾͻƵġ
˿̣ϵĹ˵ѾﵽͻƵıԵΪȱڤڤ֮еһԵȴʹľҲԴﵽһ
ҲΪŻỨѾ޴ĲֹͨϵŪһöɳż֮Ե
ڻԵûù˵˲٣ŸոһС·̣£˹ˡ
ȺһЩ㳡֮ϣвˮأЩˮ֮УȪ
ЩˮؿֱˮԲڹô󣬻ˮ
ʱչߵһ£ʵ̲סеļʣߵˮرߣһˮո£ȴͻȻɫһ䣬ҽһ·𱻲һĴð̣գۼ䣬㻯Ϊһ̯Һ壡
չɫ΢䣬ȵСģǧҪĳˮо綾
ϣǻû򣬱Ѿ˴֣ȥֻǶýﰡһųλʵˣüͷȥΧ̽ˣʵ̫Σˡ
Ѿû·ˣͨΧļͨѾֻд򣬲ͨͨ뿪ط
չɫѿż治ʲôҲûУĴǻ壬֪һϷôҲ
˵ƣͷǰȥ
ȥ󲻾ãҶȴǳ
ʵǳҧеˣмˮˮأȵˮ
֪ŸոͿǸòҲ̶õˮߣæܼסɶһ飬һҡ
ҶǰЩЩԶ֮ȴǲߵˮرߣȡһƿװһƿˮȻ治ɫо
ҧһĻһﰵҶһ濴㣬һ޺ӣҲһƥƤǣ
ֳˮĶԣѾǵ󣬸ղǸˣֻһ㣬Ϊһ̯ʬˮ
ͨߣֻҪ֮Ѿвˡ
һЩΪ֮ߣѾһжôˡ
ǣֿͨĳˮȻһ֮߻һ̯ʬˮ
Ǹ߿Ǽҵ뿪ͨûЩˮı֮Ҷˣô
гҧëĴӣѾͳһˮʼˮ
Ȳ˵ֻ˵ЩˮĶԣҵһЩʦټһ¹ǱԳΪֵƵı
õõˣǾ
ȣǸСûˮǸ֣̽ˮܷܲСһֳˮҲѵãСҲҪɼһЩȥҧȥɿһЩ˼Ц
ȴ˼㣬ԺԼָӺſսĻֻҪԷˮеһĳˮǿɾǹǧˡ
ǣֳˮ̺֮ԣһ鶾ַⲻ
ҶѾ˲ʮַȴȻܲЩˮƽĳˮʲô
Ҳǿһ㣬źƤҧҪˮ
ҧ´һۣٺһЦҲˬ죬ֱӽһˮ׸Цģӽ֮ɵüסˣԺһҪҸỹӡ
һһͷоһҶ΢ЦҶֳˮĶҵ֮ûУ
˻һҧϴ֣ҲҶ¶֮ɫ
Ȼһ뵽һȥˣֺĳˮԸˡ
Ҷҵֳ֮ˮãҪۿۡ
ȴҶҡҡɻˮ̺֮ĶǷñеĲⶾ֮˿ҲԹԵģԺֳˮȥˣǡ
ҶΪʥԺʥӣݸ߹һ䣬¶飬ӦǲмΪ֮ɣһչɣȴǽŵҶ
ͶС֮٣ұΪҶȻҲ˰ɣ


656 ʯ
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һ˵ţһ߿ҶҶ֣ҵΪˣϳȻ̰ƣҲʮˣǧģӡ
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659 Ź
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660 ֱ
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ʯɥʬʬ֮УΪµһ֣һս벽ۡ
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ʬӵǻۣж볣֣ÿһʬӵֲͬһƳɹɵǹ룬ˮ֡
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ڿֻһȣҲʲô
˿˵ĿУֻˣ̱ͷ
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Ҷ˵ԣӲҪȻֻѾʼƴˡ
ҶҧûжûȥʯϵĶǿڵţҲǸ취ⶴеÿһǳֵҲ˶٣ǲȭӮˣѡģͺΣ
ҧͷͬ⣬Ҷ˵òⶴеÿһѷֵּ
ȺѡʵûʲôҪǣҶеˡ
˵֮Ҳԥˣֻһ죬ȴǳҧӮ˵һ
ֻһЦĿȡͭƤŻ֮ϣɨɨȥ
ųҧĿƶҶҲЩ
˰ΣȴҧǰһѾͳʯϵͭץȥ
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һֱûаͭڳҧץʱȴವһΪһƹ⣬ֱӳȥ
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ͻȻһͷͨ飬Ȼѱ


661 ׷
뵽ǴвãæʯϵŻץȥɻǳһȻҲͨ鷨֮УҲƿ˶ڡ
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Ҷ׷Ż֮ʱȻǰһ֮
ȻѾŻסˣ
ҶȫϢһԾһ֮Уǰȥ
һŲ֮ǰһСĹ䴦߳ˡ
ˣǶʮ꣬һŮ
Ůģʮ˾꣬ǳӵŰ벽۵ʵ
ˣˣﵽ֮ʵΪߣһ۷ۡ
ӪڷǳǿĿŶˡ
ȻûбȽķǵط϶Ҷʲôв
СëӣĿ֮ͨһΪ׵üͷҪŪϢǰһˣǺǷǳصģ
ǸСëӵˣһֺõЦݵĳһ֮ͨҰδۿм֪ļһҪȴǼ֮ͨˡ
Ϊ׵˵ͷһǲмͨĶûѱ֮ǰޣκ˽ӽ⵽ĹЩһΪҵܵǰΡ
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˵ɫߣǻн֮ˡ
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ӦþһҵŹŻΪѱŹŻͱȻҪ뻭н𵤵Ļ֮һս
Ļ֮ܳͷųҶҪȡʤֻҲҪٵĴۡ
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662 
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ңЩ˵ǰý˿СĽҡļһա
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Щڼʿնɱ˵ʱҲмڼʿзҶ١
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ĽĺڼʿеĲУ˵ˣ˿̻վŵģʣվĽߣ۷ˡ
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ʱĻƽǿ֮ĩȫȥĻƽû˿ķ
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ҽУĽҵ̽նӣֻʣĽһվˡ


663 ʥ
Ľ迴˿Ѿе۷ۣԼĿ죬۷۵ıԼһ
ҪȻڹҵˣɾˡ
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뵽ĽУǻޱȣԼܵõһöеȡϵȵľת𵤣Ϊʧٶĺڼʿֻ¼ҲԼʩ԰㴦
Ϊ͵ȵľת𵤣Ҳٰ꣬еȵľתߵȾת𵤣ǿ÷ʳ֮ꡭ
ĽŻƽֱȷѾûз֮Ǿеĳ
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˵˫΢УҶǵһʲôƻ˸ˡ˵ϵĿ⣬䵽Ҷػĵط
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˵ҶСĿ˻һۣǿЦǰݣֻǲЩ֮˰ɡ
СһϷۣ㻳еŹŻֻ˵ǰƽ¶һ˿ЦɲҪһʥǿߵǰ˵Ӵ


664 ˮжѨ
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һһˣȻҲͲܿɳ֮˵Ӱˡ
ߵƺɳκһ䲿ֻһɢޡ
ѵԷԼûɱ⣿
ҶͷȴǷ֣ԷҪɱԼƺȫû˵ôĻ
ȻҲκεֶΣһʥǿҪɱԼֵֻ̧̧顣
뵽ҶҲǰ˿ִɱ«˿ϵɫҲ
ȻԷɱԼҲûҪֳˡ
ǶԷҪɱԼԱɱ«㲻Ҫ˶ԷֻҲ֮ܽС
Ҷȥ˶Լĵ⣬ɳͿ˵˵ͷ¶һ˿΢Ц
Сһǻطİɣ˼ƺǸĵطѽƺûҶ⻰˵֮תԶȥ
Ҷпɬ±ӣԾĸȥ
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ҶһٸԸȥҲԥһ£ֻŵӣ˽ȥ
ɳͿ˴Ҷ߹һʯףһ̶֮С
ɳͿȡöӣһöҶȻһԾ̶ֱ֮С
Ҷӹӣϸ˿âһĪǾǴ˵еıˮ飿ûж룬ֻˮ֮еӰ׹һԶˮ˿
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֮УۼɳͿ˲ûҪеӣҶҲ˻С
ȱɲ¾ΨЩʥǿߣа취Ūˡ
붴Уǰһȷʯš
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СһȥɣɳͿ˿ʯſȴûȽȥҶ
Ҷ˿ʯ֮Ŀռ䣬ȥɳͿЦЦɫ֮ʱֻԼǲȥҲˡ
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СһҸط°ɣɳͿ˽ʯ±պ֮󣬾ߵһʯ
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СһǽʲôɳͿʵ
ҶȴһұԼʵֻ߶ԷԼҶ


665 Ϲ
ٺ٣ԭҶСѣһЩɻɡɳͿеĽָЦЦʵϣϷһ·ϣҲ࣬Ϸǰ࣬Ѿ˵СȴΨһ⡣
֪ϹûװʲôġҶԣҲûоϾɳĵˣ߼棬Ȼˡ
ɳͿ˲ɱԼԼͼı뵽ҶǿЦǰǰһɣ
ľ磬ֻʳλһսȴ۷ֻǿ̵֮ɣɳͿâһָ
ǰҵ֮壿Ҷ΢΢һȴǲɳͿ˻е˼ˡ
Ҫӵ֮壬㣬ֻѾһʬˡ˵ɳͿ¶һ˿ڴɫСһ˵ʵ֮ڵ˼֣
ҶȻἰԼ飬ϹﲻɱԼӦþ֮йء
Ӧϵļйء
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ԷԼɱֵԭ򣬹Ϊ˼
⻰Ҷԥһ£ȴǿڵʵǰС޶ۣȻӵ֮壬ĿǰΪֹҲֻ
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֪ԼǱϹˡ
ҲҺû˵ʵҪ߶ԷԼ֪Է¶һʲôıˡ
ȻѾͺðˡɳͿ˺ĿҶһۣû˵ʲôһһ֮
УһС
СĵĽд˿ʱһɴ㣬˲
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浤ҩܴ࣬ﵽ湦Чĵҩȴû˵
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Էе´˵ʲôͼҪûŪԷͼ֮ǰҶҵġ
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ҶﰵвԷĶԼɱģ˲ۣƴһ׼
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˵ɳͿǲ¶Էͷˡ
Ҷԣаȴοڵǰ˵ö裬ȫ¾ʹһöô֪СһСӷ´˵ȫûЧֵΣ
ٺ٣Ǿֻܽ֮˵ˣɳͿ˺Цһһ첻Ϸ͹һ죬һ겻ɣ͹һ꣬һӶɣֻܻˡ
ҶȻѾµĺϹ˵лǽɳͿ˵ʮ˴ȫʺһ顣
ϣǰسŵСΪܷ֮һ·ȻѾ˵ˣû˿ԥҶҧҧе
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ʲô컯ҲҪǰҪҵСֻҶеһͣ˵ҩ㻯ҶζûĳЩҺ壬뵽ĵ֮С
СһʶʵںúһҩϷΪѹأ㾡ܷġɳͿ¶Ϊɫ˵Щʲô
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ģ⵽ǸϼһϷȥȻɳͿ˿һĻñףɫ˼㡭
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666 
СһúöҩϷҳȥɣҵҪ˭ıӵѰϷ鷳ɳͿһʯš
ҶҲ˺ģһ뵽ˣҲǸʥǿߣǿѹ˼
ʥǿһսССĳ㣬ֻҪʱܵ
ɲȥ
ȻɳͿٳȥûãʱضɽҡ
ȻɳͿѾǿн֣Ҵ佻ֵĳ̶˫ƴ
սԼ˰ʱƽϢ
Ҷһֱʯ֮ȴʼղɳͻ
˰ΣҶ뵽ĪϹѾǿеĸɵˣ
Ҷתһ룬ȴҡͷʥ֮Ϲǽթɾô׾ͱɵġ
뵽Ҷٶ룬ʯȥ
Ҫ浽һΡ
Ҷˮ棬ͨصŸո̽ͷȥϮޱȡ
壬ȥضǲ֫ʬѪȵ˼㡣
ҶзʥǿߵȻֲĵزǷ˼
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ʱһЦɳͿˣΪҿؾҲô
Ҷԣ΢΢һȫϢ͵͵˵ĵطȥ
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ͻȻһ紵лɢȥȴվߵģһŰ۵ˣӣ͸Ƿ信ں˵Ĺâ˵ӦþǸԳǿصˡ
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һĻɲڸҶ֮ǰǳսɳͿǳװܱˡ
ȻҶеͷûнȴɳͿȥǵѪɫ쳣԰׵أҶɳˣ֮ͬ꣬ϷһϷк񱨡
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غһм˵㲻ܵõ֣õˣʲôãΪӵ֮߶ģвۣ߶˴
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µҶҲΨŻˡ
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ЩϹ£ˮ¶ɳͿҲ֪ԷдҪâһһɫ׶ӡ
ص˵ͷȻ׶׹
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ЦЦĿɳͿ˵Ҫ׶Ҫ
һ仰ͽɳͿ˳׶ˡ
Ϊ˻ɳͿֻջ׶֮еıԴӡǡ
صͷһЦǴ֮٣㾡ܷģõ֣׼׶ǻύġ
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ɳͿȴǺЦǸʱɱΪ֮УֻǾٵõȵʱ򣬲ɱԵһ£Ϸȥȡ
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ͬҰ޵ҽУɳͿ˵ĺ֮д˳
һ̣ɳͿгɭ˵ԹſϷѾԸԣΪλҪɱ֣
ص⵽ɳͿǰķˣʮɣŰâеɳͿˣЦˣԸԣɳͿˣΪ˼νԣеһл֮ƣȡ֣ǸбԴǿУвɱ֮ԣǱЩȥѰһˡ
˵գҪȥɳͿ˫Ѫ죬һһٵأҵģͲơδϣɳͿͻȻѪţӷһڴһ㡣
׶֮Դɶ񡭡ɫ䣬æе׶ȴͬɳͿ˵仯
һŭæе׶˳ȥȻƴԶȥ
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667 
߱һ˲䣬ͱըһ޴ĴӣʯС
ըȻʹʯۻˣһ̵ķͬս˵ʬкɼСĳ΢
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ҶƵľһطԱ
ǲҲ̫˵㣬Ҳҳ¿Ϲﻹû
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ɨһۣȴɳͿԱĵطһ΢Ϲ˸š
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õƣֻһǳһɽľм仹ССһһöӣмСȴǿһ
ӦþɳͿ˿еǼȱˡ
ҶŴӿһ˿ϲ֮⣬̾үǴѲкøԼ䣬û˵꣬һ𣬲һĺѱһֻ쳣Ĵֽסˡ
Ҷĵӿһɺ⣬ǻ𣺡СһɳͿ˵Ǹӵ֮ɣ
Ҷû϶ԷػȻţһͷƤ飬Сۼλǰƴ̵ְƣܷЩ֮ȴû뵽ǰͨܵ˷һʥǿߵԱ֮󣬾ܻСⷬƣǰ׷ˣǸǰɡ
Ҷŵ֣˳ڵϡ
֮£Ҫʶʵ񣬷ϹֻôĶ֪
ԼĲѱԷסֻҪԷ͵롣
С뱦֮䣬ҶһǰΪء
ҽʥǿְ߱СҲǵ֮ˣ˵ʲô飬ͻȻãð
˵صϣ¶ɭЦ
ϣѪһƬһЦȴ쳣
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˵Ķ֮ʱصУչ¶˼Թޡ
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ڵĶѴﵽһĸ߶ȡ
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˵ҶȴɻֻǰΪҪɱĶʲôԹ
֪صҶһۣȴ赭дһɱ䲿ˣҪǱǡʱ뿪˲䣬ֻҲӴӵĶ֡
˵弸ʱȴû˿ҶȴǴпһؼĻޡ
˵ĶˣΪ˼ΪԵˣؽȫ壬ĪǰǰҶ׳ŵӣеĲ²⣬˵˳
ôĪˣ׻ηŷѽ֪ĻҡҡͷЦò㿪ۼĴ쳯ȻƯ½Ĵ쳯֮һ˿ڣʵ൱½˵ȴҲʲôǧһЩС˵ǰƿصƯ½Ϳ쳯⣬һЩɣһԴ쳯һ˴쳯Ư½Ĵ쳯ʵȻҲ֮ǧһЩɣȴѷһĶӣȴһΪĴڣԺϴˣСġ
絽жһƯ½Ĵ쳯˿ڣǰȷԼûиֱһ̣Ҷų׵׵ıԷһˡ
Ϊ磬ѾЩʱգӸ˵۽Ҳ㲻ˡ
ô뵽һ쳯˿ڡ
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668 
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ؿҶ񣬳˸֮⣺ˣЩֻҪԶһˣҪӴЩǻÿԼȥڷİɣûжʱˡ
ûжʱˣҶû뵽磬Ȼ˾ʡ
ΪԪŨԭͻ֮ȻԻ꣬Ҷڴĵط
ڵϣԹ˻ʮϡܶȹģﲻһ
һ㣬ͿԿ˵춨ԡ
ϣͻƣȴӲɣʵһҶǳ顣
˵Ĵĩʱ˰˰ꡣ
ʥ˵ʥǵ˾Űٶ꣬ǣЩԴڽ̣ɿһֱܵ˵Ļɡ
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Сһڷʲôʱ򣬾ĶһǷֽEشղɳͿһսǣơûзʱ򣬴ӱ֣һٽɳͿ˻У֪ϼһĴ淴֮ģԱȫطɵɱѳ׶Ͼ˱
ҡͷ̾Ϣǲʵû뵽ҿؾϢȥ
֮ǰɳͿ°֣ΪҪѹƲڵİˣܵɳͿ˵ķˣҶתתϵƣȴ¶һ˿â
Сһ罫Щ˼صˣҪȡСӵҲ練Ƶ飬ڱʵʵķģӦҪ󣬱һ
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ϹȻϹԷһ˵Ҷ治ҳַˡ
飬˫ָ£ĵϣҶϼģǰкָʾҪӣΥߣħɣɢ
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ҶǺˣôԼĵʱáҶϼģԣȻֻҶϼˡ
ðƵûаϵ
ȻҲῴҶһйƣ΢ЦͷҪĶ飬һɱĶڵڶɳĳΣ֮ʱԾ֮ȫɳһ˿ѪСӣ㲻Ҫ˵첻УϷ򿴵żҰģҰģж׷Ҳж棬㣬СԺһһƽˡ
ֻһǳƽˣǰֻĸ߿ˡҶԼıӣΪǫ
ˣ˵ϻˡ˵֮䣬ϵϢԽԽƺʱᵹڣʱͻȻ֡
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ģϹѵͷҪɱԼҶֻоѪ֮һҵʹ˶ʹƺľ
ʱ˵ϵ֣ҡͷϧϧ֮壬ҪȻƾǰװױˡ
˵֮䣬֮һһӣȡ˳˫һ
ȻİöӣҶǰѪ֮С
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ϸ˵һľָ;У͵СˣǧҪǿУڻðʥԴͣĳˢ̥㾡ƿǡ
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ӿصĿУ̫أ֪ԼĿǰڵĵֻһƬȽƫƧߵƯ½
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Ҳ֪˵ǻʸڤڲǰһʧɢֶڻʸڤΪֲֶ׼Ϊֶ»ʸ֮λʱֶȴͻȻʧˡ
˵ȴ¶һĨЦݵֵֻǣʸڤҲ֪λֶεʧٵģֶ֪緽ԲֶĻѰأ
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ʸڤµʮ̫ÿһǼΣյЩ׷ʸڤսƯ½ͬʱҲ֪ɱ˶飬ÿһ˶ɱСȻҲλˣǣֻҲɱѽ
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˿̣ˮصԱߣȴǺʮʬ壬ÿһʬ岱ϣһϸϸĽˣȻһ
ЩѾȥˣӦͬһ϶ͳһĻۣǰһǳֵķţƽǽƵǵ
ЩʬݹĳˮҶüͷһ𣬴л
ˮѾȾɲЩʯݹˮתȥ
ҵˡڴʱһͻȻҶǰ洫
һ䣬ŰɫɴҶ֮С
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Ƕɳǵ̽ӣǸеɳһ·βģ˵ҪҪɱǡ֮Уâһ´ҶΣſڵȻããɳ֮УȻҶɳ·
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Ҳôֻ֪ɳɳ֮ƶɵģɳ֮ȴһǳصǰŰʥΪ˵ʥ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
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ǵȻ֮Զֹ֮˵˵ڰ˰ǰɳǵﵽʥ֮ɳһλ峤˳ͻȴǸɳ峤ðɳħΧסɳǡɳʷΪҵһսһսɳǶʧأܶɳĸ֣һս֮䡣һսɳǵʮϣΨҴǸɳ峤Ҳǳս֮УµİɳħҲǾǸйʥˡҲǳսɳ忴ǿЩɳһֱѡ͵ɳĮ֮УҲûɳȥľס
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ȻûСҡͷпһսҲشصɳûãˣ֮ǰȴ˵ڵɳ֮ΪõĴУŵԳΪɳ֮ġĽύҶɳǵʱ˵ķǳϸ
Ľ˵Ҷ֪νɳǣûǰ򵥡
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СѾͷֺαغһ̫ۡûᰲҶЦСӣֽɣӲɱ֮ˣֻҪָңұ֤뿪ɳĮ
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СѾͷʦķϣӲ֣òҪ󡣡Ǿ˰һҶֽҷһ·ȻƬɳ֮أͽǵ֮
ţȷҪԱС֣ü΢壬ȻҲ֣ñҡ
СѾͷôĿһЦھҪһʲô¡԰գһ˿˿ɫĹâӺŵ˫֮뵽˵ر֮ϡ
ڵһƬʼ仯֮еˮݣ˲仯ʵʵĻɳ
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Ϣ֮ǿһ̶ϣѾ˺š
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һˮ֮۵ıͻȻ˰֮УÿһʵޱȣܿͲա
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ֻҲ첻ˣȴ˿Ӱķٶһ㣬˫һչ˷ɵ֮С
ѵô̵ʱڸϵԼǰ棬ķϽ·Ҷޱȡ
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ع֮ȴæڵҶСԯɱĽݻĶӣɱ·µţǡ


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675 
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676 ̫
û£ֻǱϹðһƣƿнػԵϢһ¾ˡ˵ȴâһʸ嵽ʲôϵʲôʱֳΪ˻ʸڤֶ
ʸڤҶȻֶ
ʱһ󡰺¡¡ľ촫Զϣĩһ㣬ÿһɱҶ
ҶȻ֮䣬̧ͷȥ
ֻԶ֮УһѪɫӣա
ԣֳһͷѪʨһͷѪһͷѪ
ͷѪޣÿһͷ޴ޱȣףʮףȥѪûʲô
ľǣͷѪޣÿһͷʵޱȣǷֱסĽݻãϹãϹʥǿߡ
һ˶ռʥǿߣΣȻռžԵϷ硣
ĴʥǿߵսվҶ͸ˣ룬Ҳһǰʥǿߣ£һƥƥƬ
Ȼʥǿߣ֮еǸӣȻͬһӪġ
˵飬ȴûг˼ǵУѪͬʱҲŶ֮ϣһӵľԳݡ
˭ȻͣҶһȻ֮ǵһμ˿ֲ
Ȳ˵˵սֻ˵һɱȻѾ۳ʵʣӶתһ
Ҷǿɵۡ
ǰսոҲСˡ
ȴǷ֣ϵǸ˱С׼ˡ
ǻʸڤʮ̫֮һľ̫һΪѽʥ쾳磬ڤټϻʸڤʹ͸һϵȵطսʥľ硣
Ҷ쳣ӵԺǽ˻ʸڤļҵеˡͽΪΪʵ¡
ƻʸڤļҵҶɻ㵽˵Щʲôѽ
ʸڤ֮ʸļй֮޲ȴֻһֶһǰЩһģʸڤֶܿͻһ죬Ϊ֮
˵ȴͻȻƳϣҶѾգǵİΣΪء
磬꣬ȥԯʲôʧͷһʥǿߵĹҶһۣһ˿֮ɫ
û뵽ԯҵˡ
ʸڤ̶ֶȣֻ¶ûԯΪ˰ɡ
ϲ쳣ʥǿ֮ٴγϹõˡ
ûʸڤ֪Щ˾ȻҪɱԯֻҲǳĴ
ԼڽЩ˳ȥô˵ҲǴһѽ
˿̣һ䡣
ֻಡ
硢ʥǿߣѾһһңػҶߡ
ҶߵİҲǵ档
һȻǵðҶݺݵһۡ
ҶȴһЦҲûа취ôܽʥǿһȥɡ
˵ʵŻһֱɳ֮УҶܵϹϮʥǿߣҲΪġ
ĽϹңǾȻǻʸ֣ǻѽ̫һ˶սʥǿߣᣬȴޱȣʥǿߣͬʬһ㡣
֪һΪﵽʥĵزҲ֪СɱҶӣΣϷնҪӱ𣡡ĽݻһȭѪ֮֮У˸Թ֮⡣
ֻҪܵõ취ϷԶ磬Ͳǻʸˣĺǵ׷ɱϷ򡣡ϹʱһҪõ취ֻ¾׵ˣҲˡ
ռȻǿв֣Ǿһ㣬֪ͷ֮мֵθôһǧԪһطϹȻϹͬ˼
λʥǿ񱻾̫ƵǱû˿֮ɫǺ׳ʱնɱһ
ҶЩЩϹﻹصĵû
Ҫɱң̫񺮹һͻȻЦǶԯ֣ڻûжԯʵ˺ķϣұǷϳһΪٶֽ£ǾȻҶԱɱģǾֻͳͳ·ˡ
˭˭·ĽݻͻȻ֮䣬ƴţƱ֮䣬ȻһʮͷԪ֮ޣŭǰͷѪޡ
ֻ¡У
һͷɻ۵ѪޣȻ䳹׻ˡ


677 ħ켼
һôͻȻôǿˣĽݻһʵҲͰʥһ֮ٴﵽ˰ʥ۷֮ҶкȻǾ졣
һԵİҲɫ䣡
ĽݻʵͻȻǣһ½˰ʥ֮
ƶһ൱
조¡졣
ɻ۵ͷѪޣҲͻȻըױ˻ˡ
ͬʱϹϹƣҲǳȫȵ˼㡣
ÿϵƣ񶼲ȻѷɫҲ˵˰ʥ֮ս
ħ̫˵֮üͷ΢壬ˣȻǧǰħƵһħǳ񱩣Ȼʱս֢ȴǼΪءǰʥǿߣħ֮Ҳ᱾Դ𣬹ˣµһ磬ҲǴпܵ顣ħҲޱȣǴ˴ɳĮ֮УҲǴջѽѾħܱҵ
һŶҵģһö˸һööȴһЩʥǿ߹ϷˣֻҪɱ㣬ħʧȻԴϵû
Ľݻ÷ЦǰħţҪһöħҲҪľĵرٻʱ䣬пƳɹ˵һöħļֵ֮һ˷Ҳضá̫ĳ֣˷˱һöħ˵ҪҪͷȻȥȡӦõĽͣ
˵ϻˣɱ˾̫Ȼֵ飡ϹΪҹζ࣬սپ
֣һߣϹһȣԪʱʼӿʮͷԪ۵Ļޣǵذ˹
Χס˻Ҷ硢ʥǿߣҲסˡ
ģô˿ֲħȻǿߵľ磡Ҷ֪Щ˲֪õϹȻûһ֮
һΪܽʥ֮ȻҲùһǵϣҲȻ䱣ĵơ
֣սϣѹ̫һ
ҶʥǿػֻһͷԪ۵ĻޣҪС
ԼСЩʥǿˣҶھ̫֮󣬱ΪѾ԰ȫˡ
˭룬ĽݻáϹϹõϣȻħ
λʥǿ߷ħ֮սľ硣
ƾһˣûа취ˡ
Ȼִ򷨣ҲֻЩϹĵ
Ҫ֪һöħļֵǿԱȵһ˷
ݳ޵Ĵ򷨣ҶҲΪ֮еʹ
Һ˵ĹڻϣԾҶܵʥǿţһʱ䣬Щ޻ͻǵķ
ҶԼսΪԼ۵
Ľݻõˣ֪Ҷеͼһ㣬ÿεͻΧ֮ʱ޵ĹȣͻͻȻӴ
ôͻΧȴʼ޷ƻ޵İΧȦ
ȥķҪԷơ
С㣬ƿнܲܶãͻΧ˵ʱͻȻڡ
һԶһΣ޵Ĺ̫ǿ󣬾ҶƿнֻҲͻΧȥ
ʱҲӦĻޣɫЩ԰ףȻЩ㣬漴ֿڵǵĻƳӦоУǾĵȴᣬһƳϷǾͳûȥ
Ҳֻˡֱһȭһͷޣ˵ͷȴûж໰
ҶֳźнҲǽһЩѾĻޣһһն
ֳ֮УУնɱ֮䣬˼ۿϵĴ򶷡
֮Уλʥǿߺ;̫Զѽѷ֡
̫Ѵ·磬Ҷã˿̵ľ̫ûа⣬ԽսԽ͡
ħЧ˶೤ʱ䣬ǵսپСʱϹͻȻĽݻϹңֻҪСϵ֣ڻͷߣʽΣ
ϷΪӱЩ֮ݺ˵ȼɱ˾̫˵ǻɱǶͷĽݻÿĿ⣬ǲɭɱ
ΪƾһöССħܹɱˣϷ˽Ƕ׼ɣ˵¶һĨ֮⣬ͻȻȵڤ֮ժ֣
һ䣬ֻ˫һ־ͻȻ֮һָʱ嶼һĹɣɢͬʱһ𵴣ֻһֻ޴֣֮ƺ֮䡣
֧޴֮һƺض˹
ֻ֧֮κΣȫһһ飬Ϊޡ
⵽Դʥ۵Ļޡ
ֻҪִ֮κλޣ˲߽»Ϊɢ֮䡣
켼Ǵ˵е켼侹Ĵ似Ȼ켼ĽݻͻȻɫ䣬龪쳣ǿʲô˼һ㡣
ӣǿӣ켼Ϲ̫ʩչ֧֣Ҳ麧ȻæϹÿһ䣬ȴһԶӶ
ʲô켼Ȼô̬ʱ֮һҶһߵΣ⡣
Ҷֵ֧֮ʱҲĿɿڴ
ֻǻʸڤµľ̫һͨ˿ֲЩڻ֮ϵ̫Ǻεȵĺˣ
֮֮ﲻƣ˲
ѾԶԶҶ
书׵ã켼Ѱϡٳ̶ȣڷ֮ϣÿһ켼ӵĪܣ켼ѵõ£ֻҲΨǧһЩɣӵֲΪ֪켼̫켼ǵԻʸڤǲ֪̫û켼ǻʸڤµʮ̫ÿһһ켼ǻʸڤֻԶ˵ˡй켼飬ϸҶ˵һ顣
С㣬᲻켼ҶŰͻȻڵ
ȻᣬҲᣬ켼ߣһӵŴ󱳾˵ȴһҶȻԺܵõʲô켼ܴڱСһаʽһܸмġ
ÿʩչһ켼ҪĺҪԪ̫ʩչ֣֮һΣҪʮԪԪΪʥǿߣ߰˰ԪʮԪ˵ƺҲʲô
ȻҲ켼ѣֵ֧֮ʱ֮йâ
ĽݻãϹϹʥǿߣ̫ʩչ켼֮û˶־
ϹͷһӣϹøβһּٶȣԶɶݶȥ
ĽݻøҲʲôΪӱ𡱵ĻԱϹøٶȣĻɳ֮Уգ֮䣬ͲӰӡ
Ҷȴü켼ӵܣÿһʩչӦҪĲɡ


678 ԯ
ܣȥɣ̫ȻܵķһۣվԭأҲûٴμʮԪֻ֣֮ͬʱץȥ
켼һؽԾʱ֮䣬Ѿɶݵǧ֮صʥǿߣϵ飬ϵһڱУҲץһۡ
ͬʱһѪֱͦͦĵ˻ɳ֮Уû˶
ͬʱʩչ켼ĻɫҲǲ԰׵˼㣬һѪֱ֮ӴӰ֮׹
ֱӳ𣬽׹סصҶߡ
ʱûлԹȥķ£Ҷһ񣬹ܾˡ
û°ɡ˿̻ϵϢ˼㣬ȻڸղŵսУȻǿУҲ˲ˡ
û£ֻľˣԵһ£ͿɻָȻ˵֮ʣɫѾһЩȻǿʼ˹ˡ
˵ղʩչ켼ʮԪӵн˰Ԫ˵ȴǿԳܵġ
˿̣ȷ˵ֻĹһ㡣
׻ָ֮ͬ˵һߣͻȻڵﲻǾ֮أǷ뿪
ҶɻȷҾ
ǵȻЦӦûֱϵӡǰɣ
ӡǣҶԣ΢ɻôֱ֪ӵӡǣ
Ǵ˸ҵģѾʸļ̳ߣЩ飬Ҳô㵽˻ʸ壬һȻˡ
ٺһЦŰҵСѾͷ飬ˣˣҪҪͬһͬȥ
ȻһЦ˾Ͷлˡ
˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôҶ㻹ûʲôҪûУ
Ҷ˵ͷȥʸ֮ǰһȻʥ쳯һˡ
ǵ뿪󣬻˶ߵ˲һ£˵һҾǾʸΪЩ˵İΣ㾡ܷģһǰȥտġ
⡭⻰Ҷԥ
ҾӦӻƳϵ⡣ʱҲǿڵʸλ棬Ȼ󣬵ҲˣŸˣǶԻʸڤ֮ǣΰʸڤйصˡѾΪ˻ʸڤΨһˣֻ½ˣϣȷʵǲȥʥ쳯ˣϾﲻǻʸΧƬ򿿽ǧĴ磬İŷ
Ҷü˵ŷˣֱӶҳ֣
Ϊʸļ̳ߣǿֶܻ֣ΣһʤڵŷȻʮ壬Ҳǧ֮бȽǿŷ䷧ĳ졣ս֪֮Ժηˣ԰ڵѾ֪˶Ư½Ķսѵ֮£˵ĺɽĵһšľšһԭľűָһ㴫ҲᴥӧѳΪ˻ʸѧĺ츳ߣ´֮ʣҲпΪĴϴԼС
֮˵ô࣬Ҷȡ֮
ҪȷĿǰ봦֮⣬Ҳ뿴ԡ
˵Ҷڣٴνŵδض½´ңŻʸ֣ҲԳΪµһһССʥ쳯ûбǮ棬أǿޱߣɳĮ֮еɳ壬ǱɽһǣӦþԼ۹ŴԶ
Ϊ˵Ҷᵽɱ񣬻ǵһο˵ôĻ
˵ˣҲǲȥҪȻʥ쳯һЩ顣ûȻ˵꣬Ҷ΢ЦڵأȷʵѾҵ񣬲ˣϲս
Ҷһӡ
Ӵ۹ٴ۹ʥ쳯ҲҪЩõԼԼ
ڴۣʥ쳯Ȼһ飬ϾˣԲûĽﵱԼļҡ
˵ϵսϵĲϵ׷󣬲顣
֪ͻƣԪҲ֮Ӻ󣬸һ̽ռ塣
ȻˣǾٺòˡȻһЦǻȥ֮Ҳصɵ⣬Ѵһԯ㡣ԯڵԯǣҲһָ㣬ԯǣԲǧͬԯܱߵɭɽϣǲ֮ء
һǳأǧС
ܱߵɭɽ֮أ
ҶȻϣôĳǳô
Ҫ֣ԽǿλĳǳأԽǹģ޴뿴ĿǰڵƯ½Բĳǳضټ˵ʥ쳯ʮ﷽ԲΪʸΨһļ̳ߣӵһ֮ģϰٱĳǳأҲһʲô˲ѽҲһԽ˵ǻȥˣͻ֪ʸȨǶôˡǴƿصĳǳأнٶеĳǳأһЩСǧƯ½ҪϺüǸʱͻ֪ʥ쳯ĴڣжôĲֵһˡ
˵⻰ʱ֮У˰⡣
ʸһѽҶҲЩĿ֮̿⣬ɽ纣ĵر
ģһССƯ½Ҳܲ˵ġ
ҲΪʲô֮ϣԽ󣬱ʵԽǿҪԭˡ
Ϊ´ĵرЩ֮УҲΨЩһš
һ£Ȼֻǵ˵İΣ⣬ҿҲûбҪʥ쳯ˣڴ֮УомƯ½ÿһƯ½ĹģҪĿǰƯ½ʮϰٱµˣйص˶Ư½ȻһƯ½ǣҲ㹻ǷչˡϾŷΧֻн˶ƵǻʸΧһݵĽ⣬Ҳȥĺ֮ǣ
뷨ˣһһ⣬ҵ²ʲôᡣ˵ҶǳϿҵŻеÿһƯ½òսģİɣҲҪģԺлᣬ֮飬Ҷһٱ֮
ҶĴȷʵôá
ϺĪңұĽϹң˵Ը
һ뿪ЩҲ˵£ֻ·йصˣΪǣ
ܽйصˣᵽʸΧǽЩһٸҲܵʸĵȥҰɣ


679 ɳ
ҶҪرԼ֮ʱȴѵ¶һ˿ЦһյһУǻʸģǧ˵ʲô׻ˡ
ãȻˣҲ˵ʲôлмĻˡҶ֪ڻʸڤǾԵң˵ʲôлл֮ĻԵüˡ
ڻյĶ飬ҶȴǼ
ҶдһţҲһˡ
꣬Ҳ˵ʲôҶһ֮󣬾ʥ쳯ķȥˡ
ʥǿ߳ҶԼǨ֮£Ӧòᷢʲôˡ
֮Ҷӵ紫ϢѾǱߵ˽ͷȴڴǨˡ
Ϣ֮ҶвŰһйһ˰Σ⣬ڳ׽
һ죬˻һƥ
ǰ޼ʵĻɳ𣬳֮ϣʱһ˻Ϊһ磬ҶɳĮ֮Уʱ۶ȥ
Ҳǽû˻ɳ֮С
ããɳһƬƣĽɳǽɫƮ
һڽɳ֮µǳǳ㼣Ϸɱȥ
ˡ
Ҷϣڼʶ޵ıٶȣѸԶҶǰκνͨߡ
ɳĮ󣬳żǵðŶ֮⣬һĲ䣬ûм
̫һˣһ·ϣֻҪߣɱ⡣
ɳĮĽٷˣڻɱ˵һЦ
˵ǳҲҪµʱ䣬ſԴԽҵĴ磬ʸΧ
Ÿոչ˰£ƬɳĮ֮Уɱ
ûޱߵɳĮҶǰ˵ǼģҲû˵
ʱڱĿһ·ϣҶ̸
ԴȷҶǻʸ֮ҶݣЩ˼ɡ
Ҷ˿ȫ֣Ҳûⰲ뷨
һ죬ƽɳĮ֮ϣͻȻɳգʹܵĹߣ䰵
ѹֵգĵ׷ǳܣҲЩʼ˻
ü΢壬ҶЩԣɿʲô쳣ûУ˿̵İȻɴ峺ָ߹ʣǳˡ
ҶʱȴϾۿòΪҲоЩԡ
ʱͻȻϳ˹̧ͷ˿ͷƣյĻɳɫ쳣ѿŷˣѾˡ
ѹֵգŷŪģƳϣ㲻Ū˰ɣд󾪡
Ȼ֮ʹģ
Ȼ֮ȷʵΪġҶһͷڿз裬Ŀ񷣬ȻҶ֮ǳУһƬռ֮У󷨵
ɫͲˣŷྫͨŶݼ׵ʿó󷨴߶Ȼ֮Сһ㣬Ҫǵ
ϸоһͻȻҪɳˣ
ɳأȷҪɳˣ
˵ͷȻƳϣĹǳ⣬֣ǰӦҪɳˣһǡַǳֲɳ
Ҷɻɳʲôɳ
ɳĮ֮УɳҲҪϵߣֵܵˣǹģԴɳֻ¾ңҲȫˡ
˴һƬ׵صʱǿ˺ѿռɳǴҪдڣֻеˣǳɳ֮С
˺ѿռɳҶȻ˿ֲɳ
ûʲôþģʵһ˵ͻʥ֮ͿԴ߶֮ǻ취֣ҲǿֱƿռġİأңҲֻ֪һ۰צˣǻȥ֮󣬴Ӧ㿪ż⣬ϸ塭
ڻϸΪҶЩ顣
ҶҲ֮ʡ
ͻȻ
ŨĻɳ֮УĿĻƹ⡣
ƹ֮ͬ⣬Ʋ񷣬ҶϮ
ƹֵʱûһ㶯ȻƶЩ쳣ķɳܵʲôٻһ㣬ȫƹ۶
һʱ䣬ɳǵض
籩ɫ䣬ȵС㣬Ͻ߶ƿн뿪ס籩Ϊȡʱ䣡
䣬ǵɳЯĿ񱩷ɳǴžѹ֮߿
ֲ˻ûгױµǷ׷ױЩɢŻƹķɳǧٿף˵ϡ
ֲ쳣Ļɳ޴ڣʣҲ˲䳯ҶϮ
ַ籩֮УҶûз֮ת׷ɳȥ
ͬһʱ䣬Ϲâ䣬һʥͷŵ˼
ȴûֹֻͣٳһ˳ǹ·̵һ㣬ӿ֮УƵĻɳȫ
û˿ԥתƿнȡе֮˲ʥǿ֮
һһסҶɳΧȥ
̫ȴŭһֱһƹȥ
ɳ֮УȴӲǱһֲĴ󶴣ֱɳΧ
С㣬ߣȫά󶴵תٴαȳ
ҲȻǻҳɣæץסҶԾǸ֮С
˽һ˲䣬֧ŲסһйĻɳ֮С
֪˶ãһƬŨĻɳɢˡ
һƬգҲٴλָƽ
ֻƬȴһƬǽ壬ѱղŵɳŰûӡ
ʱǧվһɽ֮ߣһƬɳɵĵط
ͷգͦεΣʹˣһ˵š
ͷһƬɳɵ򣬿ôϸô
վԱߵĺţŵ塢Լʥǿߣǹ쳣վߣķ
һƬɳŰĵط֮У˺Ȼ
ǧһЦŵڿ֪֮ǰΪβɱҶ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣˼
ҲǵʱҶв£ΪԼɳĮ֮󣬺̫ĻԼɱ֣ȴʼû֡
ǧﵭҿʸ巢Ѱ֮Ҿ֪Լٹ׷ɱҶˡǽţɳ岿䣬濴ȥޱȣƺǵұûκιϵԻʸǵСϷǡҪɱҶ͵ý赶ɱˣһҪۼûʸ˸Ҷʲôϵ˵һһ˿Ц⣬ɨҲŹǣȴֲɱʵǵȽŷ˶ֻ֣ʸڤŲὫҶﵽǵͷϡ


680 Сɽ
ȴһɻΪ˴ŵĶԸһСӣһһҪأƾѵᲢ۲ɣ
ǧȴǵɨ˺һۣȻʳһ۾Ϳɿ͸ˣȻΪʱǣȻһУ˿֮͸ŷ̺ŷĶ⣬Сӡ
һ𣬺Ȼʲô
Ȼ֪ǧҶкܸߵۣ벻ҶƳ磬˵ز
Ҫ֪ỵ̂ĶǰԾµţôҲû뵽ҶȻᲢۡ
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ͻȻüѵСӾⳡɳУ˻ǱСӣɱϷĶӣϷ޲⣬ǣͷ֮ޡ
ǧɨһۣȻּɳȻҪ˻ƾҶʵӦѴ˴δѵģΪԷһǻ顣
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бâǱ͸ŷʸĵһݴҲΨ֮ǵұܳƶ𣬴ӶȡŷΪס
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ʱǧһ˿ڵҪСҶ飬Ӧδ
ǧһûϣӶҶһ·Ǳʶڻر⡣
Ϊ֪ҶǻţһΪԺΪǿĶ֣Ϊ˵ұδòв׶ɱҡ֮С
ΣŵСҶĹϵͬСɣûҵָʾ֮£˭Ҳ˵𣿡
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ǧѱɳɵĵطȴǰ˿Ҷһ֮УĶֻ֣ʣĶˡ
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ǧԼţĴ£ұһ죬ΪʸŷĶ
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ҶʶԻָ;ԴҪըһ㣬ʱʹӿ˹
ǻһ־ˣֻ»ʹ
ҶЩʲôʹûʹԣѸʲô
ͷԻָ֮󣬻˫
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һʮǵʣһЩɽҲȲϵʱҶлǿЦѡ
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һܵˣʵ̫һ㣬֮壬ˮϵľϵκƣĪܣҪָ̫ѡ
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̽̽ҶȻ̽ҶĶͷ˿㻹˳ܻ
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ˣԼ壬ʱȷʵҪ̲˺֮ٺúñǰɣ
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ضһңѹ˴Ե䣬жֵضִԣᷢвһҵ룬ȫԺǼֻµĸ
ҲΪʲôضҪ׼ĸȴͬԭˡ
ضһɽƶ˼ҡ
ɽԻȻ⺷쳣ҶҲֻһʲô֮
ɽԻǺĴʿһˣԸһ䵥ޣпܣϳȺӵȺȴǲɣ
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ԺִԣҲҪҼͬһֲУһɽ֡
ʱϲƺҲ֪ԼĶӴˣһ죬ҪԼġ
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Ҷһ߳˷䣬ϲڴɨԺӣ΢΢һЦҶС磬˺ˣ
ҶЦͷˣڿ·ˡ
ϲЦҶС絽ܵˣô˵أ
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ⲢҶԼ˵飬潫Լ˵߶Էֻ»һӴ鷳
ҶͨԷĽ̸֮󣬲֪ԼǻɽȵٲԱߣضȥٲǱʱ򣬷ȻҶ˻
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Ҷɻ֪֮࣬ͨ̽ϲϳɾһԼΣ֪ԼǸһˣԲŲҵ
ҶкЦ֪ԼĴͲұ֤˼һ᲻ˡ
ΣһӶԼž֮ҶΣҲҪһġ
ϲʱͻȻڵҶСǷˣҪҪϷٸŪԵģ
Ҷҡͷлϲˣһ


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Ҷԣ΢΢һЦûڶ˵ʲôһСԺ֮еĴڹͻȻϲǼҵڹô£ôǿ󣿡
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ҶҡҡͷЦһͷ㻹ûȥˣڹûأҪҧˡҧˣɾͲˡ
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ϲ˵ɽͳһ˵мȥɽ帽Ӧим


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˭˵һģҲǵֻһȺһ˰ˡҶҡҡͷͻȻڵˣҽ㼸Уͷȥһسӡ
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ѧףѧѣҪеİȴһ򵥵顣
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һ󼱴ٽŲض˳嵽ҶǰЦ磡Ӯˣһ壬Ҵ
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Сӣʵ㣬ԴǵһͱˣЩʱ䣬ѾǧߣУһһɵˡԣСӣҪ־͹ãƫƫѡһؼʱ̽ǣٺ٣þûԹˣý⽴úñһ٣˵һɳǿߵУ˳ȵĹâ
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֪һɳǿߣѾҲȵòͷˣͻȻߵɳ屻ŷɱĻֻҪ񣬾ȫҲûʲô֮ǰСӣһ·ˡ
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ʮɳʩչĹһʥǿߣҲܿϣھȻ׵ˡ
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ԷҲһʥǿߣҲӦ˱̬Ŷԡ
ŴʱޱȣȻҶȴͲֱӽߡ
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ðſԼĵϸֻҶջѴѡ
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689 
ĹȽӴҶʱһǿ׵ķ֮ͻȻҶϱȫûκףӿľοˣ˲ӭ˺ŵĹȡ
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ǾллĪϲæһСƿЦҪ飬ǳףǸ˵װؤôֻҪСƿĶڷ˱УҪװؤԲܾܾ˵ʩɣ


691 Ϸ
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ĪĿһɣȻҶ㾿˭ϳǴĶŶҩ
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ҶԻζĪݵˣֻһƿ֮ҶæתͷջſȥȴӰһ첻Īʧķ׷ȥת֮䣬ͲӰ
Ҷи̾ѣĪݣ첻Ӧǧ֮бȽϽܳ
ǰֻǧ˽ܵ飬ȴʼղˣ˲ûнν˽ܵϡ
ԼС⡰˽ܵ顱֡
һĸ֣˵Ƿ֮أҶסȥ
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Ҷ΢΢һʱЩõƴС㣬㲢ʶңǲǹ˵㣡
ҶĻû˵꣬ĪݵĿ֮Уǲˮͷ˼ҵĸ˼Ҷûж⣬ֻҪĴ˯һҲ𣿡
ҶȻ֪װģ˼һŮˣҶ
ѵҪ˼һŴ´ȥ
飬Ҷѽ
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Ī˵зԶʱԼָûпܡ
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ʱȴһתӴ̾ǲκˣǻ˼Įһǲķˣ
ҶﲻԼȴû˿뿪˼֪ڵԼĿζ
Ϊ˻ָԼĹ˵Ҳûʲô˵ġ
תһ룬ԼˣŮ֪ҪЩʲôֶΡ
ûҶҲбŮ˵ϷʱûĴĵһְȻҪ߱߰ɣҪµͷȣǾ顣
˵Ҷв޵ĸп
ĪԣŭĿҶϵȥҪ޶ȥɵҶ쳣ӵ֮ɫķûһϸһйµˣܲ˵˵Ĺȥ
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ֱһŮˣ֮٣ȴû뵽Լһ˵ĴǸǺ̶ֳȵˡ
ҶҲûƽЩֻ̾˿ֻһ·İ·ͣϡ
֪Ҷո˵Īȴɫһ䣬æָҶ촽ϣ⣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ѹ磬ҶĿǰ״̬Ͷָֻܲİ촽֮ϣҶ鲻Խͷһϡ
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ݺݵҶһۣȴҲ˵ֻǵٺˣǸ˵׷ˣ
˵գҲҶθܣҶϣҶڴϼ
˯ּ֮Īָһһöĺɫҩ˷е¯֮С
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֮䣬ΪһŹĹͼһ·ɱɱջ˵첻·磬Īݶ˹Ĺͼ
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ûз֣ѡĪݶȥ
һ·ϣֳĪݲٿͷ֮ղĪݶ
첻ǺεݣֺԹĿ
ԣ˿̾ԵĪһŮҲŨҵɱ
̴ζ䡣


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ҶаޣĪŮŮȷļơ
£˭ˣΪԼᡣ
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ȫһԽնĽء
ҶаƴС㣬ϷҲˣǧʧѽ
Ҷһĵ֮ʡ
ֻ䡱һ졣
Ŵ׷˿
̮֮ĪǽҶ˳ȥ
Īݣ˫һһ׹˿ǵס첻Ǿ춯صһ
첻һֱΪĪݲԼ潻棬ΪԼԲű׷ĴҴܡ
֪Īݸղŵһʾ࿹ʵʵ첻һ
ĪһЦ֮Уһаɫ˿߰ס˶Էĳ
첻ǧΪܳĸ֮һľ棬ǵûлţһеĳǰһӡĪݵؿڡ
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첻ŭһһƱܿϮԼİ籣ȻӻȡһöҩæУƷӡ
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˿涾첻ŽⶾĵҩֻҲҪһͷˡ
ĪŮ˵֮¶ʱҶҲš
뵽ҶȻвá
첻˶⣿
дĪ֮ʣ
ҶֻԴһΣ˫һ൹˵ϡ
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ҶҡҡͷȻѲ٣ɨһۣɻʲôط
Īվǳǽһɽ֮ϣԾңԿŷĹؿҽǷ˲ˡ
㽫ŪʲôһȳȻ˽֮Ҷȴǿ϶ĪݾôǳһŮˡ
ὫŪֻڴ⡣
ҶĪݵķ֣ɽ˹ȥ
ĪҪȥסȴһۣίֹͣĲ
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Զȥǽ䱸ɭϵĳţȴ˿
ʱĪƲǰҲԶԶţɻܵЩسŵʿΪʲô
ҶüûлشǷʵô첻ģ
ĪԹĵһۣƶҲù˼𣿡
ҶȴҪ֮ǰһȥǱ첻ˣ֮û˻ġ
淢飬񲻰װ׵С
뵽ʱŭ֮ǰΪҲ˶
ĪݰһۣȻ㶼ζ첻˼¶ʱѾи˽ҩҪȻΪֻ£
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ңĪҲûкɡ
ĪͻȻ֪Ϊǵһȴһ٣ٶĲ𣿡
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ĪݽյҶǰЦҪ˵ˣҪʲôԣô
˵㣬ҶȷӦ֪ԼݣԼһ·塣
ҲûʲôˣڹʧĪҪŪʲôطȥһ仰
뵽һĪһֱ̬ȣǷǳѺãƺһǳҪ飬Ҫæһ㡣
ң飬ԼĸԸȥ
ҪȻĪҲѡֻˡ
Ī첻Ľ̸ﻰ֮У͸Ĺ֣ĪǧټҪ첻׷ɱҲΪ顣
ѵ֮£йأ
ԭƷǳ飬һӣһ·
ΨһǣĹ֮أŷĽأɭϡ
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Īб£кηǱŷĹĹ֮У
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ҶŮ֮£ȻͬСɣҪȻҲ˷ѾĻıҶˡ
ĿǰԼȫʧŮ˾Լǿһ㣿
뵽̽Էȴ̾Ķľ֣öô
ĪݶԷѿԼļıҲٶ룬ֻǳãҶӹȻܱʸڤϿɵǲ֪ҲţûбСڻ죬㽫ŷҲ֪٣Ǳ¶ˡ
Ҷ˵ˡҶӡ֣ʱףŮǿ
Ī֮ĸ֮⣬ܵΣ
磬ŷʵʵİ
ֻҪŷȻȫ
һЩСС棬ԸطεĿƣطСջС¥Ӳǵļ顣
淢飬ֻ֮
ĪΪθðŷǰ
ΪһֻҪŷԵϢй¶ȥţѡ
˵ɣңΪʲôҶʱҲԷȦˡ
һŹĹͼָνŷĹĹ֮أһĻᣬҲĪ쳣صʵҲ֪νĹĹʵһϵŷѾ̵ĺôһھûаʱ䣬ɵġҲ˵һĹȻѱŷھ˼ʮ꣬ȻûбھĵطЩûбھĵطղضһǷǻֻҪһط͹ˣΪĶΪʲôܳΪһĵһˣǶΪڹĹ֮УõȻǲܵõĶֻҪҵһЩеĶҲǲеġ
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ΪŸҪȥѽ뿴ŷˣĴ׷ɱ㣬ֻ¾ԴֻҲµᵨ죬ŷĹĹȥɡңȥĵطһ֮ĵططڻûнھּϵն沼գԲûжŷ
Īݺص֪Ǹ֮ĵطӦǴĹ֮뿴Ҫ֮ܽıһٰɡΨһѵĵطǴ֮أǸطа顢ʬʬ֣ҲŷΪλûھ˵صԭ򡣡


693 ʵָ
ʬ֮أҶ΢΢һ㶣дϲԼʬ֮ҲʵĹʬǸ֮һ֮أ˵ҵĹʬ
ȻЩҶûбֳȻɻֻƾһЩаʬӦõסŷĴɣΪ᲻ֱɱǸطɨƽˣ
һĹʬа飬ȷʵԵֵŷĴЩаʬ֮Уһߣͨ飬Ųڰʥǿߵʵ뿴һͨĹʬϣεѵã˵ĶѾһͨĹʬЩӣµѰҿʬ֮ǾͨĹʬһıĶƣȻԶǾ߹ʬǱѳΪһʥľʬЩʲôǽ֮Ϊһʬ֮Ӷһ죬ΪʥĿֲʬŷֽһµˡŷһֱûж֮سֻ֣ҲϣĶܽһͨĹʬΪŷá
ĪüȻȥǾͨʬ⣬ȴǿԽȥѰŹĹ֮Уֻε꣬ֻҪҵһ꣬һĪĻԵ
֮ڹĹһλȻŷĵطֻĿ٣ǿҲûʲôܹǱȥɣҶʱȴüͷ
֪ɽлƫɽе飬ǰûΡ
˵֮һ֮ʱȴҲðһˡ
ҵһЩʵĹʬɹ֮ƳҶԺİΣһĸ߶ȡ
ЩֻҪļ岻İʥǿߣʥڴһ·µĹؿ뿪磬ȴǴ´ˡ
κһʥǺˡһĴڡ
Ĺؼʱ̣ǲܳġ
ÿһİʥǿߣҲÿһսԵռ
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ԾŷΪͨҶһЩʥǿߣҲ̫ࡣ
£Լһڴŷĵһʧˡ
ʱֻĪٴοڵǴطĹģԷǳΣգȴֵҲһسǿԹ֯У֪ǿĹߣСȻҲ˵ˣлһЩԶŴУӶһ죬ɾһ¼ϵ˿֮صΧ񵽵ģơ
Ī˵˫һΣһԼ׵ɫ˿С
ҶĿȥȴɫ˿ûעʱ򣬺ۣҲûһͺһͨ˿һ㡣
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˿һеȵطҶһ£һ𾪡
ûΪˮ籣ޱȣʱ򣬽֮䣬Ŷžħʹ˼ӿйЧܹΣʱԶס磬һʧȥ˹Ϊһ޸ŮӣֻҪˮȻԱĪݸһг籣ϲȻֻһеȵط棬ǲһϵȵطѷɫˡ
㵹ǺôԵܵôҶдƣȻһ취ȴǼƷ
ΣʱȻҲԶֻλᡣ
ңҲֻܽз
ҪԼϵ֣ҲĪݵˮһԶˣĿǰĴõĸơ
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ָǰܣֻ·ǵҵʧ鲻ɡ
֮ãã˺֮УȥѰ飬룬ϣʵ̫ãˡ
ˣôˣҪҪһȥʱĪͻȻڵģ㲻ȥҲὫ㽻ŷġ
ˣһһ˰ɣҲҵһöҲǰ׬ˡҶĪݵֻǣܸܲߣΪηҪȥ
飬һֱĴɻ󣬲ܲŪס
ȻΪ֮ԵʣҪȻԱСԳˣû𣿡ĪݰһۣǴ֮᳡֮û֮˴·Ǹ߲ȥˣھͳɣˣж쳣ǰһԼһЩˣʱҪҵɫ£Ϊϣ˲Ӯҡ
Ī˵һƿ˹ɫʹ֮ɫƿװһöʥĴ󻹵һڡ˼ӹ֮ЧʥЩжԴ˵ʵϸƣһЩʥĵϵӵܣһ֮Ҳֻܺţʥ֮⣬˭Ҳֵ֪ҩ֮Ϊ˵õ˵СתһеȵطŵֵģԺôҰɡ
ʥ˵еĴ󻹵Ҷ΢΢һƿеҩȡ˳Ȼ˱ǣֻҩζ֮УͿɵֵ֪ҩ̺Ӵ
ҶûкԥȥȻһ͵ζҲôѽ
Ī⻰ûסһƽҶɽ¡
ʱҶͷð˰̣Ȼҩڷá
ôһգĹҶ԰׵ɫ˲ͻָ˺
ɴ˿ɼ󻹵湦Ч治Ǵġ
֮󣬸ܵڱ֮ǰۺҶеʯͷ
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ˣ˵ˣЩһʲôҶʱָ˵ƣһˡ
ĪҲĿһ¶֮ɫ
Ҷֻһͨߣǻָ˹Ҳûʲôв
ó󻹵ҶָһΪ˰ģҲΪԺжܸӷˡ
ԶҶǷָʵǲôġ
ΪҶǿˣҲܴﵽλ֮
ֻҪҶûﵽλ֮ǾͶûав
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Ҷйһ˲䣬ȻеԼ鲻ԽĺһС
˵ʲô
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Ҫᣬֻ¾ǴҲһƯ½֮سˣƾԼʣڶʮ֮ǰ֮
ĸоҶϵϢȷʵϢ
Ҷ֮й¶һϢҲǰиĪݷһ档
Ѱأһ㶼ʮΣա
Ͼ֮ҵʱ򣬺׷ͻд˰ͬ顣
Լչ¶һʵҲǱ⵽ʱĪΪѹԼӶһЩ顣


694 
ĪҶһ֮󣬲ŵѾ첻Э飬ΪٳڹĹǳ˽⣬ǱҪܹܹһЩ֮ء
ĪݿҶüͷ֪ЩʲôٴεȻ֮ԻҴЭ飬ҲΪ֪ٴжعĹͼŶµȨ֮ƣһ·ϣעһ㣬òҪ첻ڻҡ
ԭǶĻ̥һΪΪɸ껯ˡҶݳһĨȣЦòҪңҿɲұ֤˭ȥڻң߰ɡ
Ī˵£ȷʵӳ硣
ȻˣȥŷĹĹһ
ȵΪĹ飬˶ԼѲж֮ǲԼѵʱ
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Լһ֮м棬ȥɣ
԰գĪһǡৡһɽʡ
ĪȻǻʵǿߣҶ˿̣ҲŲںõս
˵ǲףգ֮䣬Ѿɽǡ
Īݴ˿̼ӿٶȣҶʵΪ
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һĻĪϿҶʵ
жҶӵд˵սƣȴһ˿ϲɫ
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ԭһ·֮ϣֻҪע첻һ˾ˡ
Ҷһ˼ɵˡ
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ϾҶദֻҪԼòҶӦǲԼġ
˱˴֮󣬾Լĵط
ǴһƯ½Ư½֮ϣһųǣͬҲŷΧ
˸ϢҵһƫƧĵطֱӷǽڳǳ֮С
ڳǳԳ˵㶫˱ҹ·
һʱ֮Ĺʮйؿһֵ֮С
ɽʧޣǻķ˺ܳһʱˡ
Ϊ̺ٿѲӵļʿĪݲŽԼĵص㣬ڴ˴
һʱǺ֮󣬾һǰĹǣ·;ȻңԶǵٶȣҲ߰ĹԼʱ仹ûȽȥϢһ¡
Ī˵꣬˵Ϳ֮С
Ҷ΢һԥҲ˽ȥ
ռǳԼԲǧס
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磬ֻһС
磬ָʤ
Ϊ֮޽ãҲǶϵķǣǡ
ʱһЩȫûïԭʼɭ֮УĲкۡ
ҶоڽɫʣƺҲһЩ򵥵ĵط
Ϊ磬ʵ̫ˣκ񲻵飬пֵܳġ
ʱֻ⴫һ
Ҷ΢΢һ䣬ֻ֮Уǿҳ
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Ҷȴûʲô⣬Ǹոշߵֻ
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Ҫ׽ݣֻһǳѵ顣
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İ֣ũüͷ壬ЩõС㣬ŷΧҪ͵ǱŷĹĹһ·֮ϣΣأɱΪһˣŶѽ
ģҶӵʵѷɫ㲻Ϊ֮׸Īǲ֪ũЩʲôΪ˱ִȴòũһ
ũɫһϵƣʱ쳣
Դɢ֮УһЩʵĻӰ
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ûҪҶҲƾһС
ʱֻհǳüɵʿ룬ҵձôûУһֲ߻˴жĴ첻ҲûѵǷʲô⣿
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ĪݶҶ澯һϵһرʱӵаʥǿߵʵϴαҴ֮ӲƾǼرնɱ˱С㣬ûбҪҪ
ĪݣСӾϴͬһҵǸһɣ˿̻һ£ͷڵĴ첻Ҷʱޱȡ
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ʵڵĴ磬˵ԳһˣӴĻһûʲô
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Ҷȴӣ鵭Ȼû˵ʲô
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ҶһսҲһİʥǿߣԶȻǱ룬ǿӲȴν
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հǳĿҶıӰһۣ뵽ʲôû˵һЦһԾҲɽƮȥ
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ͨ·ߵĹؿֻа׵ʱڣǰһǰڵļʿȴǷ쳣
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ãǵй©ˣԵʵˣӲɣǰĪ죬ɫһ䣬û˿ԥһ֮С
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ҶȴһΣĪȻԼһ֮УΪΪǿĴڣԲ³ǰ档
֪첻һʥǿߣȴһֱ׾Ͳ֪Ůϣ¶һı顣
ҶŮͬһϣȻҲûֻҪͬˡ
Ҷɷûʵȫ
߲ͣóλս
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697 
֮᳡λãչĹͼ棬ڹĹϱߵһص֮ϣҵҪģǾĸϵһ㣬Ӧѡ·˰ɡ
Īһأ첻ڹĹ֮У׵أûо԰ȫ·ɹͨУֻ²Ҫŷ˳֣ǾͽСͳͳ
Ҵҵ͵һݵͼͼǰƾǵĲͨĹдͨͨдĻ壬ҲΪ츣ˡ첻˵ͷǰĹǣߵͨ
֣ͱˣ˵˵ôͨɡʿԵЩͣһ죬ͶһвǸϽ֮뿪Ϊ
ҶհǳˣҲ¶顣
һǰƬɽһֱǰߣֻҪᴩɽٴŷµʮعؿɶʱڵ֮᳡һ˳ĻֻҪһµʱ䣬ҵȾͿɴĿģΨһ鷳ʮعؿعؿ϶аʥǿ򡣼ʹС㶼طҲֻɵĻᣬܴؿ⻹ҵãʥǿֵҪȻҵȴĸʻ͡첻ǵȻ˵˵һ·ߡ
ɵĸʣҲ̫ˣհǳԣüһ壬ԥԵ·вͨһɣ
ǳ˵òȻ·ʱ䣬Ƚ϶̣ȷʵ̫ΣˡĪһ֮Ҳҡҡͷ
ҶˣȻûпڣȻͬ·
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ǱҪûԸʥǿ߲
첻ȻҲϵҿܲѡ·ߣԵһЦҲû⣬ٴοڵڶ·ߣĹǰƬɽתȥǲԭԺǲԭĹȻĹŷµعؿõıΧµ飬ǣǲԭ֮ϵĸݷޣȴǧƵȺҲֻĶӵķݣοںǲԭһȺȲбѪĺǣ˵Ϊ׵ŲڰʥһǿߵսŻдﵽʥ֮ڣǲԭҲ˶ģ·ߵĻҪѰʱ򣬲ܺᴩǲԭ
ʱ䣿У̫ˣ·ߣǰһ·߸ȫʥǿ߿ĺǣһ汻ϣǶʬǸ֣·ʲôհǳüͷһ壬ֱӾܾ·ߡ
һ·ߣҪͨһƬΪһƬ֮أŷ¹ؿ֮УȻҲһЩޣǵʵ֮ǲԭϵޣȴǲ˲١ƾǵʵԸ֮صЩޣӦ׾ٵ飬ǿµǣƬ֮УһصĴųƬطʮκﴩУٶȶޱȡ첻˵Ҳüͷ
֮⣬Ƭ֮УлʲôĻػûУҶ΢ʵ
⵹ûУΨһܶǹһЩвžƬ֮ˣҵȵʵֻҪһЩЩ֮˿ӣǿԶԸġ
첻Ҷһۣϸ˵ɹؼǣƬ֮أʵ̫ˣҵУҪͨƬûһʱ䣬Ǹܵ顣
˵첻ԼһĿЦ
Ҫһʱ򣿡Ҷˣǵһ
Ĺǣж٣ֻеһƬȻ˺ޱߡ
ҪͨȻҪһʱ䣬Ҳ̫˵ɣ
У̫ˣǻһʱϵ֮᳡ָʱڣǴطᷢʲôˣʱϵԽԽ;зһЩ벻顣һ·ߣȴʿһڷˡ
Ȼ־õ·Ҳߣǰ·ߣһãձüʿһۡ
һ·ߣҪʮعؿѶ̫󣬸ܴùȥڶ·ȻͬŲСķգܸͲȺһͿͨǲԭ˳֮᳡
ʿ¶Ȼ֮ɫҧҾߵڶ·ߣ֮١
Ȼ־ߵڶ·ߣ֪Ҷ֡С㻹ƴϽ㣬һ·ˣ첻ʱҲûб̬
ڶ·ߣȫ·ߣϧǻѵʱ̫һЩҶҡҡͷ̾ǿϧˣ֮ܿͨصķǾ;ˡ
Ǿ֮غˣͨķӣͽҰɣʱĪȴȻһЦһ·⣬ǲһʱ䣬Ϳ԰ȻĴ
ŶƴС㵽кΰ취Ȼ˿ٶȴ첻ԣǲ
СҲ֪ƽ㵽ʲôأհǳɫһҲǾĪݡ
ˡСŮһӣ֮ǵ֮ԻзӴǺᴩ֮صġĪԴҵѯʣȴûϸ˵
ԣȻ·ʧ֮ɫ
Ҷȴһ˿ı顣
Ůзӿ֮ͨأҿ飬ǶƬ֮أǳ˽⡣
첻֮ԷҪĪݣĪǾйأ
첻ʵȫǲĪֵġ
ȻƴСзӶɹ֮أҾߵ·ߣΪ׵ģʱ첻Ǳ̬֪λкûУ
Ҳͬߵ·ߣƽܲڿǲŶԡհǳĬһ£Ҳѡ˵·ߡ
ũʯˣȴǳȻںеףδ˵Լѡ
Ҷ֣·ߣ첻˫֮Уһ˿âͻȻҶ
СģȻѡ񡣡Ҷ첻һۣ᲻һ䡣
ȻˣҲˣǾߵ·߰ɣձĪһֻۣǣƴС㣬¿ɿЦûմǶɹ󣬻ǲҪǿĺá
㰮ŲţǵıСû´Ƕɹ󣬴ԲظĪ˵꣬𣬳֮ȥ
첻ĪԶȥ¶һ˿Цݣȴûκԥæȥ
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ĪһˣһƬޱ߼ʵ֮ء
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Ѿ˳ǧ֪꣬˶顣
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Һã֮еĹȻŶԣһûʲôá
ҪȻҶˣҲһ·£ˡ
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ĪΪ۷𣬱ϣһ֮ʵǿˣеطǲڵޡ
£˲£첻Ҳ˻ȫλ״̬
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ȴǷִŮطȻޱϤ
ƬأĵõݻˮӲݴвͿС
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⻰Ȼüͷǰ
ȻǰģȴǺɫࡣ
ںɫ룬ȴһľ׮
ÿһľ׮֮䣬ףʮףһ·֮ϣľ׮ţͨһɫӦûʲô⡣
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Щľ׮ƺ㣬ȥ֮˵֮еĸֻ壬Щľ׮Ի˵ģ㣬һ˴ľ׮Щˣֻ¶С
һݣæ˲˻ҲûЩľ׮һۡ
İɣȻҴȻΪѰŵĵطĪݿɫ飬΢΢һЦǸҵĽŷһطţǾһطţǧҪ̤˵ص㡣
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698 ǧ
칫ӣһҪǷʲôԶðʥǿߵҲĪ˵ֻͷ첻һۡ
첻һᣬųƴС㣬һ˿Ӧˮþһ߶رðʥǿߵºһʱ䣬ǵľ÷֮᳡
˻һհǳũˣȴüͷ
첻ȫûǵİȫ£ûнԼһ˵ͬ顣
˿ԼԺİΣֻܿԼˡ
Īݵ˵ͷȻ칫Ӳ֣ҾͷһЩΪ̽·ɣҲҪСһ㣬󣬲ͬһУ֮Уͻᴫһ޴֮ǿǧҪ֮סˡ
˶صĵ˵ͷ
ǺãǾ͸߰ɡĪһа籣ͻȻƮ˳ȥֻͻȻһԾڰ֮ϣ֮ƮƮȥ
°֮ؽӽһ˲䣬ǴȻһӿ𣬾Ȼ͵سס籣ȥ
Ҷɫ΢䣬һ˿ȻͻȻʶƬ󣬻ûǰ򵥡
ιĹ֮У治֪ˣˡ
Īȴû¶֮ɫۿ籱֮Уͷ˵Ҳˣ֮ص֮أǳǿҪͻȻԾУϻᱻ䳶֮С
˵ֻĪݽŵһӿİ籣ȴͻȻƮ䵽һƬ֮ء
һ֮һأûаû֮
ҵˮ籣ʱ̻󣬿Թ㣬ҲҪע⣬ںˮ֮У޿ܻṥǣǵ÷ֹκķĪ˵ٴδ߶ǰƮȥ
İһ䣬ȴͻȻһȻ˲̳һСƬĸɵء
Ůˮ籣жֲ֮˼Ĺܡ
ǿˮ籹̻ĸɵأɼֲ˶ãǶעһ㣬Ҫǿɵ̫ͣáĪݽ˵һ֮ٴδŰƮ˳ȥͬķΪ˹̻ɵء
ȵĪΪ˹̻ʮɵ֮첻ſڵǸȥɡ԰գ첻һΣ˵һɵ֮ϡ
ֻͣһ£ٶǰһɵأβĪ
һֱʿձҲٳɣæԾ˳ȥһ̻ĸɵأɿȥ
հǳũˣҲ΢΢һ֮󣬲æȥ
Ī˵棬ֹ̻ĸɵأ治ܳ־õĻԽߺˣԽΣա
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Ҷȴ΢΢һЦ±ӣ󡭡
֮ϣкŹɵѪ֮ζ
֮һξ֮Ҷ֮żҲðɭɭ׹ǣЩ׹һһ˿˿ĵ
Сһ㣬ЩʬǧҪ֮Сǰ֮ϣĪݵĸ֮Ȼ𣬵ʬ壬ʱܲᷢʲô飬ɾ˵һˡЩʬͬһһڣͻٷܿҪûһЩֶΣЩܵʬԽǻһ߻ʬԴǧҪСǡ
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첻ɫҲˣкһѾ˶ðʥǿ֮˼
ǧ治ΪڵĶĪЩΣйĹͼ԰Ȼ֮᳡㻹ס֣
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ŵͼԱǰȻ֮᳡ҪȻĪʵڲǧַΨеԵɡ
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ֻǱСһ˶ѡĪݲмɨ˶ǧһۣĸ壬ĸȴˮ壬һ塣Ҳֻ֮ػһˮ½أһʵͻļһҪǿ֮ؿң͸СΪͣҶмҪ
ĪݣҸ㵱ˣģ˵Ҫһ죬ˮȫ츳ͻ¼ңǧͻȻеһ죬һ㿴һ棡
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һ˵˵ͷæԾ˺ˮ
ǧһŤβͣҲ֮пӶܿ
ʼһ˱һξ룬ƺĪһˣЩ˼ɡ
ˣҶӣղЩΪʲôѽĪͻȻʲôͷҶ
Ҷ΢΢һʼҲ֪ôһ¡
ղЩ޶һһĹҲĪע⵽ˣЩʡ
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699 
ˣҲ֪ЩޣǸûǻ۵ģӶǧ֮⣬û˿ʹޡ
˵һǷǲֶԴģȺ֮
ΪʲôƫƫҶ
ȷʵ
ʿһˣǲ޵ϰԣĪ˵Ҳûô⣬ԹԵԾ԰ʵ֮ϡ
ܿ죬հǳʿһˣ½أ߳˺ˮ
ʲôЩ޸еη塢ֻУûɣǧ˰ΣһȽϺĴ𰸣ȴҲûڶ˵Ī׷ʵԹţΪ֮
ұĳ죬˭ĹԹšĪ˶ǧһ۵г̣ͽˣñ滨Ҫһȥ֮øʵһ㡣
ãг̣ҿԱǵİȫǧ˵ͷһ·ҪʲôԡֻˮԵޣ꣬Ƕõøҡ
ĪѧˮܵķĪɻŶǧʲôʱѧģϴιʱò㻹ûı찡
ǧԵúǵ⣬ȴ˵ֻǺٺٹЦĪݣֻҪǵԼĳŵˣˮȫ츳֮͹ԹԵҵŰɡ
ˣҪı£ͲᱻˮͬʱˡĪϴδĹǣˣȴ䵽˶ǧС
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֪һǿշԼϾ͵˹ȥ
УĪΪͣΪһĶ֮٣ȴʵĪҲû뵽顣
ǧʱͻȻʲôͷ첻һۣһ£ŵĪݣǸͷڵļһ˭
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ˣ˵ЩˡĪǰ棬˼һɿڵȻһȥ֮᳡Ҳüӿٶˡ
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һĿƳ̶ȣ浽һĸ߶ȡ
ҪȻԲܽص˿ٵĴС
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˶ǧһ·һˣȷʡ̫鷳
Ҫµ·ֻ̣ʮˡ
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ЩڿҶߵʱˣ˸
ʲôôһô䣿ҶаԾһߣ壬˵Ǻ֣Щֻ壬ȴǸеһɴ̹ǵı䣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʱֵ飬ȴٶȷˡ
ֻĪͻȻôˣ
Ҷԣ΢΢һһȻܳĪ֮⣬ˣаǧӰ
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ⲻܲľˣȻʧˡ
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ΪĽ͡
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ҶĪеôģǶҴ⡣
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˿̵ũԸȫϤ͵ߣСĵĴڲݴ֮С
ҶĪݳ߹ȥʱũŷҶĪݵĵȴæҶʹһɫ
һѵЮˣҶ΢΢һɨũˣȴʵڿʲô£Юũһ
ũ͵ߣһʵԶԶũǵ֮УҲ͸¶һ˿֮ɫ
ƺ޲뿪ط
вݵصʱ򣬻ʱ۽ǵ⣬ɨϷһɽ֮С
Ҷ˳͵ߵĿ⣬Զɽȥʱһ
ֻǴɽȵΧվ˴ССĺǣһȥǧͷ
Щǣһͷޱȣһë⻬ޱȣҶǵĶͷ֮ϣһϸܵƬԷĵĹâ
ҶǣǧƵĺ֮Уһͷ޴ͷǴڣ׸ߣڳȣҶֻܿʮףطɽȵסˡ
ѵǺҶоȴɻ󣬺ǲԭĺôܵˣ
ĪҲǰ龰һҶһۣԼͬŻ˽ŲȻ˿
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Ҷˡ
ǵЩֻҲӰɡ
Ҷû뵽磬Ȼ˾޴ĺǣʵ̫ˡ
ҶСĵ㣬ǧҪЩǡҶĪݴ˿̣ڲϵĺͨѰ뿪ķ
ɽǱߣǾԲȥġ
˵ͷЩȺҲԽ˺ĭ
ҶʱҲ͵ɵӰƬïܵĲݴ֮УĴǱ͵ߡ
ģҲаˡ
Щ͵ߣҶϣЩһǧҪҪǾͷֻ¶ꡣ
ҶĪݵĸѾֲ͵ߣȻЩ˶֪ܾɽ֮һȺǣһͷ˭Ҳұ֤᲻ΪһСС⣬˶Ͼ·
˯ˡҶɽ֮ԲСףͷԱĿ֮УųľӨҺƺʲôˡ
Ҳû˸ҿһɽȡ


700 
Ϊ˯ʱżᷭһӣʱЩӲޱȵʯ£Ƕһֱӱѹ촷ۡ
ֲŶһľ
Դ˿Ƭ͵ߣСϢŪһ㶯ѰŽ֮ڡ
ҺطһƬïܵĴԲݣҪȻ˵ģ㲻ЩǵϮɱҶ˿ΧïʢӲݣԶԶɽ֮еĺһۡ
֮ϣǸһɫƬ˶צСպŵۣһ㣬ʱʱ䷢һ˿˿˹â
ֻǸоһºɢϢΪ֮Ĳѡ
ݹĹͼ֮᳡ڣѰãȴȫûа
ƴС㣬ŵͼ᲻ǼٵģҶһֱ첻Ź˼ɣҪԱֶΣԲǰεĻˮ
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һн˵··ǽƬݵصʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ҪȻֻˣ֮ززˣǻѰ֮᳡ڡ
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һ࣬ĿԣԽ
ʱĪݣҲЩԾԻȡһűȽϳ¾ɵĵͼϸ˿ŵŵͼҴ첻ģȷʵؽ֮᳡İ취ҪȻҲһ
˵գͼݵҶǰ
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˵ҶͻȻڵǶ첻ˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲô
ҶĵطҪǺ첻ΪҪҲͲͬĪһˡ
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ǵͷҰޣʱڳ˱µʱķɾ൱֮ˡ
˲һĺ
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˰ΣҶĬĬͷӦòд֮᳡ڣɽ֮У
ӽʱÿһ͵ߣɽ֮еĺȺʶľֱãû˸ҿ
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ʵ̫ǿˡ
ûĿԶĹ
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ĪҲûԥҶȻǱɽȵĸ
͵߿ҶĪɽǱȥҪ赲ǣǵҶĪݵľٶᾪȺ
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Ǹ֪Ļ£ǲ໥򶷡
ȻסҶĪݵͷȴûһ˸Ҹ֮ж
һֻҶĪݳɽȥ
ھϢɽȵıԵǱСҶĪһۣĪ̫ȺĻ򣬶ǳɽǱȥ
ֻҪ϶ɽ֮УȫԴɽȵȥȫͨɽ֮ڡ
һ͵߿һĻЩĶ
֮ǰҲµ֮᳡ڣɽ֮УֻǲҸ֮жˡ
ڼ˴ͷвٲ͵ߣҲһһǱ˹
໡
ȺˣеĺǣȻɽ֮ӿ˹
ãȺǾˣҶɫһ䣬æͣĪݵ֮ϣҲǲ˾֡
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ҶĪݣȻҲǺԥĳԶٶȥ
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ǲ֪ҪʲôΣĿǰȴѡֻʱסҪ
ƴС㣬ǷֿӣҶдеֻзֿȺעǲϣ
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һĹȴһ͵߶ɵۡ
ҶĪҲһȻͣ
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ٴ̧ͷɽȷ֮ʱȴһںΧź壬ǵצӣ󱳡
ܵ˯š
ͷװİɡҶһ飬ȵûͷҪЩĦѽ
ҶǰһĻˣ͵ߣҲɵۡ
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Ͼ֮᳡ڣܾܿɽ֮УĲǣôû˻ԸĻᡣ
һȺΧ˯ĺææµΣ͵߶еһĻʵ̫Իˡ
ҶĪһۣ϶¶˿Ц
ԭЩȺƶֻΪĦҶóͷӵżߵǻۣҪȻԲԻܡ
ǻԽߣôദҲԽȫ
Ͼһͷֻ֪ɱ¾Ѫһͷѿɳޣ˭ȥѡѡͷ봦ദɡ
͵߶ͣԭصһᣬۼȺûʲôֽ֮ɽϸ
Ƭ̣͵ҵڡ
ʱҶĪҲڵڡ
ǺԵһط


701 ǿ
鷳ˣڣҶںƤӵ߹֮ܽ᳡ҶĪ֮᳡ڵڷλüͷ
ֻںͷ״ĵطһ޴ɽֻҪĿĿɽ֮Уһͨ
ͨþʯվɽ棬ҲԿİٽʯݡ
ֲúһֱԭ֮᳡ڣ¿ˡһ͵һۣеһ˿֡
֮᳡ڣҲ׵ľ룬˵̧׿ɴ
˽ʱ򣬺ͻȻ磬ſһҧֻûһ˿ԶѪ졣
ɽ֮еĺǣĿǰûйһ͵ߵͼ
Ⲣ֤һ͵Զŵ£Ҳ찡
Ͼ£ǿǳġ
ۼʳԶ͵ǵǰǻвɡ
һҶһ͵ҪϢУֻ²һѣǷǳѡ
ֻһ취֮᳡Ҷüͷ΢壬ĪݵǾӲǵƾ輫ٶȣһںȫûӦ֮ǰٳС
Ҷ̧ͷǸ޴ɽ
һɽ棬ҲǺܸߣԼʮ׵ӣƾǵ֣һɽȣȫֱԾ붴С
ǸɽͨǳģֻҪڽʱûǵ˵ͳɹһ롣
ҶԲ²⣬Щ֮Ҳǵõʲô˵ָʾ
ҪȻЩǵĲбѪڿ˶͵֮󣬻ɽȡ
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ˣֻҪа취붴УôԺǵΣҲȻˡ
ǣǽɽ֮᳡ֻҲΣҶЩģ֮᳡һҲ֪
óȻ룬ֻܻʹԼΣ֮С
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Ҷ֮ʣֻͻȻתһ塭֪ںʱһɫӰֱӳɽ֮С
ǵɫӰٶȷǳ֮죬кûв֮ʣһ̤ɽ
ũһÿٶȣҶа
ٶȣһܴﵽļˡ
ũܱ˿ٶȣ⻹Ƿˡ
ֻá໡һǺףũɽİӣ˲䱻˫۵ĺҧסûа㷴֮
գ֮䡣
ũҺûܷˣֱӱ˸Уʲôû¡
ũȻˡҶе˿ͷʵ̫ˡ
ɽ֮͵ߣǿܲмһˣᡣ
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ǰĹ̽յİʥǿߣ˵Ƿǳϡٵġ
ĿǰƬԭ֮ϣûһ͵ǰʥǿߡ
ҲΪڳ͵ɽȴѾһôܵ顣
ô죿
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ڵȷͷǣǣ֮
ũһսǳֲһУ¾ҶϺǣҲֲ˶áҶкԼаʥһǿߵսóȻͷҲӮ١
ټϺߵһȺǣǸľ档
ԣȲüҶԲ
Ȼʱ飬Ȼˡֻɽ֮дһХ
ɽ֮еĺХȴͻȻվſ죬һǺȻҲδɽ֮͵ߣֱӴһںǣûɽ֮С
һĻֳˣ΢΢һ
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ղŶдХôһ£
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ת֮ɽ֮УǧƵĺǣߵһͷʣ
ЩǱеٶȣǽȥ֧Ԯġ
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Ķ֣޶ʹǳǿ󣬵Ҳ֮᳡ҶҪһ̽˵ҶĪݵ棬ʱ׼Ӧңģбĵƣʱ֮᳡õʲôٲһݡ
˵꣬ҶҲĪݵı飬Ծ˶С
ҶȥıӰĪһԥȴ̾˿ѡҶİţɽ֮С
˵ģ͸ղŽȥЩǣһٴûлϣ
ڽ뱣֮䣬ǱȽԼС
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ˣѲںһ̣ǾԲġ
Ҷɽͨǧʯ֮ȴһĵ硣
һĵ硣
ޱߵ֣ܲܡ
Ҷվһô֮ϣһƬƴɭ֣ޱȡֲÿһ궼ᷢһϵĹâʹ磬ͬһҹǡ
ҶͷǴһȺԶһƬɭֱȥ
ǵ˫֮У͸¶һƽ񣬺Ȼ˶ʲôΣҪȻԺǵı飬Բͷų
Ҷһ׷ȥ
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Ҷԣ΢΢һתͷȥ
ȴԶĵһӿ𣬶ǧ˳
˿̵ĶǧģԵ÷ǳңһƬβͣѪ˿ڣƬˡ
֮⣬ҲһצۣǸ˿˿ѪϵϢ˼㣬Ȼܵش
ǧɫܲ԰ף䵭Ҷ㲻ȥǰ浽׷ʲô飿


702 Ѫ
ôܵˣҶվԭأûżߡ
óʱĶǧһսǴرβϵƬȥ֮ƺԴڵƶٶȣû
£ֻҪһΣǧ͵ѡ
һУĪݣҲͿ˳ˡǧĪ˵һ仰ȻרȻǽҶĺ⡣
Ҷ˿ĵȴһɻ󣬻ͷһ۶ǧķ򣺡һ֮ǰһֱӦ첻ȥʲôطһֵ֣һľأ
Ҷ飬һֱеЩ棬ҪȻҲðսˡ
Ҫ֪طԺԼСܷסÿ
ܽȥŪܸġ
ˣֻҪרҵľ֣ҲܽôҶվԭأ˰ǧ֮⣬һҲ뽫ǰ£ͷƶӦ֮
֪˶á
Ѿָˣлǧ֪ʱѾҶߣҶһۣҲû˵ʲôֻǰɭ֣ʼԥ
Ȼ˿̵ĶǧѾ֪һЩʲô顭
лΣŸոտʼҶɨ˶ǧһۣȻԶɭ֣üͷ
ʲôΣĪҲ֪Щʲô顭ǧǳԾҶ
Щһֱ̽ȻûŪ֮᳡һЩԾĵط
˿飬ٶ뿪
Ҷ˼ƺҪ뿪һǳѵˡ
ûĲԭڱһַһ֮ͨУȻֱӽ֪ع֮£ҶĻŻе˾ȡ
ǲֵܽĻҳǶڿʼƴɡҶüͷһ壬ǰ񱼵ĺȺȴâ΢
ϡ֣òЩǶְɣǧɫ䣬һֵҶ
˭֪ʱһ·ڵص׵ŭ𣬼һϮ
ҶǧĸӦһŭУ̺һļµĿ
ʲôħԴӵصһ㣬ֺ˵˵֮У䱾ܵĸеϢ
⣬ʲôǧɷһƬͷϣ亹
֮ǰһȺǣѾ˼㣬ͻȻֵһŭ̺ܣԲ
ŭ֮У뱩Űƺһе
ԣŭ֮ˣ֮Ϊˮϵ壬Ȼףһ񱩵Ĵڣζʲô
⵽ôһ£ǧ˿̳˾֣ԣƺѾԶԶԤϣҶһеǲ֪ʲôܸܲң
Ҷȴûüͷ૵ô죿ֹԣ֮ˣҪгɣҲҪʱ䣬һôѾҪˣ
˵ҶԶҵģһɺѪƣӵصӿͨһ㣬ǳһƬʣƲػʲô
һĻҶѾ﷢ʲô飬ı飬״
׷ʲô飿Īأʲôط᲻Σգǧɨɭ֣ȴûпĪݵ˵Ӱ뵽һܣʱŭǲˣģǸ˵ų֣ҡ
ˣҶüɨһۣǲмΪĪܿ㲻ɣԺõ㣬ٽšĴʹߣֻӷУУҸûĿǰӦòʲôΣա
ǧԣɫҲе
ȷʵݣҪӮĪݵķģǲܵ顣
˰ΣͻȻ̾˿Ҷ֪кøУϣ㲻ҪҪȻҾԲŹ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һǧϳһ˿ζЦݣһȻƧ̰ƻôһɫվһ˵ϣȴһ˵ı׼Σ֮ʱԼİΣԼİŮ룬ƾһ㣬үҲ㵱ڻң磬ѾĪΣ¼κηҪð츳רȥɣֻҪ㲻ӵصð㻹ܹӳȥģȥ֮⣬ͿȥĪݣȻĹǣ뿪硣
أ㲻һ𣿡ǧû뵽Ҷ˵һʶĿʵ
֮󣬶ǧȴʱ
̧ͷһԽԽѪһۣףʱƣȷʵΣ˼㡣
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Ҷڶǧı£Ҳʮֻ˶ǧһۣͻȻЦѻûпʼ㻹Ǿ߰ɣҵȥһĻĺ֣֤һ£飬Ƿ
԰գҶӣѾǻһӰԶɭּȥ
ǧԥһ£ȴҧҧûѡ뿪
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ǧҶ֮˳ҶĿ⣬̧ͷ֮еѪȥʱһĿɿڴ¶˼𺳵ɫΪѪ֮Уڷź˵һĻ
ƬԲѪƣѪȵϢʲôħ̥һ㡣
Ѫƣһضǿػκι䵽棬ᱻ
˵Ŀ֮Уһܱա
ǳѹ֡
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Ƭ飬ƺһѪЯѪ֮ˡ
ҵү⣬⵽ΪǴȻΪǧҲһʶˣһ̣Ҳɵۡ
壬ĸĽ£Ź£˵ѧʶԨ
ɴ˿һѪƣг˷ҲҲˡ
δ֪Ŀ־壬ĵġ
ڶǧԺ֮УֻһʣӣٶȣǷ֮ء
벻ĶȻô죬һʲôطҶָһֱһѪƣȴڸոսӴѪƵʱ򣬾ͱ䷴˻޷
Լ²飬ٶȻһ飬Ȼ
ѪƵʲôҶ飬ǧٴνڵ֪һж˵ǻҵ֮Ҳһ㡭
֮ҶǹĿ˶ǧ˵һʬʬضŲţ
Ҷ˵ȴͻȻǧǾʬûгױЩ֪ļһＤŭϽ֮󣬽Ϣɢȥŷ˵͵֮ͼǵĹĹ׼ʬЩ͵ߵѾû˱ҪҪǵĹĹǲһʬ췭ظһʥ򳡣


703 ֶ
ʬǧɫѿȫϢסˡ
ܹܵǰѪ֮Ũ֮Ҷûƭ
ӵаϢĴڣȻһа顣
ңȻа飬ǾûǷ֣֮֮֮ء
ŷĹĹǣһǳĳǳء
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ΨһȷģڹĹǵ࣬⵽һǰѡ
Ĺǣû˿ֹа
룬ʥ£ĿǰĹĹ֮Уûֵܹסа顣
ģǸ˵棬ΪȻ뼤
Ѱ·
صִһŭƿڴĶǧʱһ飬æص˵תصȥߡ
ɹ˰ΣȴͻȻԶðͷҶҶ֣ôܣ
֮ͨʬۼʶһұؽźҶ˵һöǧľΪҶУҶһʬ֮ġ
ðȷֻƵͷǧȴͻȻ֣һֱΪСļһʱȴһݵǡ
رһĨĪĻȣɢһ
һ˲䣬һֱҶΪеĶǧ״βԲλĸо
ĪݿϲǧȴСҲԭİɡ
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ЩʱֻҪƴһѣɲǼԥ֮ҧҧǧ壬ٴûصײ
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֪ԼΪʲô˷ľ
ҲϲĪݣֻΪ˲Ҷȥ
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·ڽʬ֮У汻ֱƿֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ҶѾ˷ĹĻʬΧ
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ҶĿǰʵȻܱܵһЩͼаס
ףͷϿյһѪ죬ǴĹصԶģɢһɼѪϢƺҪƬɡ
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˵ʬ½˲٣ҶѹȴԽԽҲҼٴУֻŻٶȡ
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絽жֻûһ˿ԻشҶ
ֹʮӣҶٶȣѾǰһףԼһЩģϴĹأƺǵĿĵء
ҶҵģϾЩʬĵ̡
ںѾʶĹ壬ϣѾγһа顣
ں񰣼ľ£ȵѪҲаһࡣ
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۾񣬽ǰĹ֮еһо񣬶ڣֱûвκ֮󣬲ŻǱ˹ȥ
ȻǵĿĵء
ĵƣէ֮£ǳͨǾһͨĹأһƬĹһֱӵߵľͷ˵ĸо˹ģƴ֮⣬ûɶˡ
ϸĹ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢʵӦһѨ֮ۡ
ĹѨһһѾӳΪһ壬רΪĹṩ
ҲֻܱĹ걻֣Ӷﵽʬ䡱Ŀܡ
ĹѨʮģȻ˾˵ĳ̶ȡ
ԣĵط۷ʲôа飬пܵġ
һ԰׵ĶǧʱѾЩʬܵ˾޴ѹֽŶЩ
Ĺâɫâ˸һ߾Ļʬֱɱ
ϧôΪʵԭ򣬾ͬʱõˮȴԽܣӵ
һʵҲΨ֮Уܾ鷢ӣٵ½ɵս
ƾ˫֧ȥǰǱһξ룬ֻмˡ
ΪЩʬһӣͿȥɡҶͷɨһۣüƾڵǿҲܰﵽҵġ
ǧһƽһ߻ʬķɣҶ˭˵ģֻǲ뱻ĪΪһ򡭡
˵˭֪û˵꣬ҶȴûпһۣѾ׼ѪƵλ˸ȥ
ֻпѪƵģҵһڻѵʬ˵շʬƳһҲ˵һ
飬˵ɹĻᣬϲʲ࣬ôҲиͷǣҶ
ȵȣҶ֪ȥʲôǷ˼ǻδȫѣһʬܣҲԿġ
ǧһƺ俪߻ʬץ϶æ˹ȥʬ˵һǱڵͨʬͨʬ飬ЩһʥҪġЩһǲܳɹֵģҵʬҲֻ֮٣㲻ҵʥҲһЩʥļǿǰ򳡡
ҶһҪ˰ʥļǿߣһʥֻʬʱָףᱻǹϷָɾǻóôǡ
ԽǿһѪм䣬֮еѪŰϢԽŨ
ֻĹأѾƽлʬĹ֮һжž԰ĹûʲôҲһ߻ʬӰ
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Դ˿˵ĸоȴ˺ëֱ
һͨߣֻҪ̤ֻ²ñĹֶΣֻڿ֮еıŰѪ֮ʧأӶΪһ߾ֻ֪ɱ¾ʬ⡣
үүģһķˡǧҶӵԼ룬ֱӳǰȥɫࡣ
ȴòڶβͣҶ
Ȼܳգȴɵ
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ǰ·ҲȻη塣
ͷһѪϢһʬֻѿҪ˼룬Ӷˡ
һոʬΪʵҪɱ˷ʳ޾Ѫ
ʱĹǣ޴ѣֻ¹ĹǵطΪһƬء
Ȼʬ֮ǰڸóȻĹѨͼ͵ߣǱĶ
ΪһյĽʬ֮һǻ۵а顣
а飬ѿ˵һа
ԶŴ˵֮УÿһʬŻ֮ɲ쳣
رһЩԶʬתа飬ǳԶʱʬĪȷѪ꣬˲ʥ˿ɵ
ħʱ٣֮ϣѾжûгֹʬӰˡ
һЩĵ֮ϣǲ˴
ŷεĹĹУΪǱһаʬǧгɻ
˵ŷ뵽һа飬ӶûŷֶΣ̫ˡ
ǧ֪飬˵ȥ᲻š


704 ׷
ҪΪԼǾԲŷнʬ
Ϊڼǰʬŵͳĸֿʬ֮ѾΪһִ˵
ǧڣû˭ܿʬ֮ܡ
ΪˣŽĸҶ
ΪʱҲǿʼҶĿ꣬ƺֻĹ֮еһЩƷ
Ķ󶼿ֻһЩ鱦˷Ե֮ǻԶߣӶѰġ
ĹƷ֮ҵ˷ıǲôܵ顣
ҶľȫΪһЩ֮еı飬Ӷյġ
Լûз֣ŷܷ񽵷ʬǸԷ̬ȣģҶһ˿Եġ
ЩصļһϸòĳϡĿʬ֮ɣǧԼͻȻð뷨Щţܣʵ벻ϺĽ͡
ȻѾҪ˳ȥƺҲЩˣҧҧѡȥ
һˣʱһҪĪݿ¸ҵһ桭ȻĪݺܻܿ᲻мһˣٲܱҶһϸȥ
ѪĻв׵ʱҶͣȥ
Ϊǰһ޴ﱤ˵Ӧ
Щˣ󣬲ϲΪȴϲԹķʽΪԼһ֮ΪԼϢ֮
Ȼ֮᳡ˣѡᰲʽ
ﱤͬһͷǱľһ㣬ɢһƼ˵Ϣڰĥµצʱܸ贳֮ˣĹ
ɺʯĵﱤҶѴиеһɷǳΣɱ
ǧĽŲ죬Ҷͷ˴һۣȴһüͷǴӻȡƷֱӳǧ˹ȥ
ǧ΢΢һʶֽӹУ˫ĿһȴǼɢϢһöɫԲ壬һС񽣣мö͸ʯ
ЩõеʱϵϢƺ
֮ЩѪɱ¾֮˲ʧˡ
ǧʱϲ֪ҶЩӦöרԸаı
վǻ⽫һһԼϣϹ壬񽣣˫ֶ֣ö顣
ЩװǶԸа鲻ʥϣܷӼɱ
Щ˵ʵʱһأкҪ԰һ£֪Ÿո̧ͷȴֻҶһѾһɫﱤԾȥ
һﻹܻʬ֮Ҫһʬʥˣǧȴû˿ʵ˼æȥ
ͨŵߣһŰɫĹǴ̣Ƕĥе
ЩǴ̣µĴĥ֮£Ǳ÷쳣ͨŵСǧֻ֮СߣĹǴ̣ȥëȻ
ҶȴûЩ˵ĹǴ̣Ǽٳųȥ
Ķǧ߶ȫǿҶ
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ŵĴСҶеĴ
ԭ̹ǵĿһ̣ȻЩ
ҶеȵǣǰĵϣһɫʯͷĹ£˴ɢŹĺ⣬һƬ۾ɷǺˡ
֪ʲôԭ򣬵˳ſڵҶȴûпһʬӰ·һʲôʹĻʬϢʧˡ
΢̧ͷܿͷǧ֮ϵѪƣһʺѪƶ䣬谵֮УĿѪ⣬һĥڸ˼һ
ҶĿ⣬ɨȥܱ֮ڵΣڣȴûзһسߡ
Ҷȴе⡣
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ͨĽţǰڳһЩż
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ԽǰɥʬӰԽࡣ
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ܵΧ۵ɥʬԽԽ࣬в֮׺ɥʬǵŽʳһ㣬ҶǧĿ֮Уǿҵ
ǧһ¶ͷ亹ʱ뱣㹻䣬Ϊսһ
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ˣϿǹٳ˶ףһף˵ʱǳǿңѹ
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ڽ֮ǰǴ˳֣ˣ㽫СƵʩչһطŵʱܴ˵׷ɱһǳµĶ֡
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꣬ӵʱԴǲǶ·ˣҪȻôܻСӽǧɫѱѿޱȣԼӢţȴĪһҲŵʱ򡭡
ȴǴסˣ۽ǣ̲סݺһ¡
ΪڴʱҶǻһĨĻȣҲʲôֻһΣѾ˳ȥ
ûκԥУʽѾ֡


705 ˲ɱ
Ҷѡ񹥻Ŀ֮꣬Уǿһˡ
ʽһһ޴ȭӡʱճǰĿƱһȭ䱬ˡ
һȭγɵľ޴Χ£ɥʬ׷˳ȥ
׵һ۷𣬸Ǳȭӡˡ
ٺ٣Сһ㵨СȻƱѽһ۷𣬷һЦȻ壬Ҳһȭ
磬һȭͬʱеǹҲԲеƣֱӴҶš
ͬΪ۷𣬴˶Լʵǳţ֮ͬУļˣûĶ֡
Ҷһĺ󱲣˸û֮
ҲǱֶûгֵ˼ǵУҶǧûʲô
ڵȴǸ׳Ҷ֮һһˡ
˭֪ʱ벻飬ȴͻȻˡ
ôܣ㣬ҡһ׳ϵЦûüʧ֮Уȴ¶˼ȿֻŵɫ˽ֵһ˲䣬ͻȻܵһԼȫֵܵԴݿ֮ƣ˲佫Լķݻ١
ԶԶ۷ˮ׼ֵܵġ
Ȼ񾪾壬Ҫ֮ʱȴѾˡ
ֻһ˲ͺ壬ֱӽڵ١
һ۷֮ʣĹǸ׳壬ȴʧȥе
գһţһѪһһֱͦͦȥ
һУ˵УҲֻһգ۵ʱ䡣
ʵЩ֮ͬսȻһ֮䣬ͷֳ
Ǵ˵еɱ
һ۷һ˲䣬ֻ䣡һ졣
ʱҶ֮еھųױǸ۷壬ըһ̯ĭ
ǧɴ˫ۣڲ㽫Ӷ˳
Ժ֮УʺţͻȻԼǲΣ

Ϊʲô֮սȴɱ
ǶԷӵһ취Ҳӵ˺˵սɣ
һ·ϣҶ䵱ߵ̬ڼǰۿҶһλ׷ܡ
Ϊʲôʱһȴ˲ɱһ۷
˵ԭһֱװƣҾȻӶȥˣֱԭ°ǧʱУһ֮С
˵֮ǰҶУĴѹͷô˿̣ȴǳ׾ˡ
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ɣҶԼʱȵˡ
ҵҵĵֻлȪ֮·ߣһɱһ۷ҶһֱӳԶĸ̨֮Ծȥ
ãסȥ
ģǱ˽ȥǶˣ
Ҷ·ݣλ߸ɫ䡣
һ̣ǲŻصû˿ԥ˲佫ʱȫ˳Ҷ׷ȥ
Լˣڸʲô˵ʲôҲ˴ȥǵˡ
ǲ֪ѽ׷Ҷһ˲䣬ǰҶͻȻ֮䣬һֱӳһ۷
һʽ
ûκεʽдһ۷ٴγΪһʬ壬Ѫ飬ûзӦĻᣬͳˡ
նɱ𣬼ֱͬһס
ʱ򣬶ǧףԭҶԼģҪµĶࡣ
ǿս֮
µ֮
ͬʱһ˵ϣ֮ѡ
ģһŹģһ۷𿴵һĻȴ־ŭ˫ӣҪʩչǿһУ˭֪ͻȻԴһأ۽ǵɨȥһֻƣ֪ʱѾ֮ϡ
һ֮ʱ˸߰ˣ̬ȥĻᣬȻһ࣬˵Դȴ˲䱬ըֱڷ
۷ֻǵ޷ţΪԼȻйϿһ㣬նɱ
۷һֶǧҲķʽױڴˣ
˿̣ǧԺ֮УһƬհף֪ԼӦݸղһĻ
λ۷𰡣ǳеǿˡ
һˣһҲԿһӰ
ȻڸղţѴﶥ𣬾ô׵ǰ
ǰһѵһʥǿߣ
Ļ˵ܳΪӮأ
н۷֮ҶȴǳĬ
Ϊǰߣʬ˯ĵطҶ֪׻ᷢʲô顣
Ҷĳ̬ʱҲһ˿š
ΪĿ֮Уһʬ
֮ǰֲͨ²⣬Ѿƶϳ첻ļƻҪʬȡʬΪá
뷨ǳ񣬵첻Ϊˣټ֮ǰֹ¼ֻҵķ
ֻǰҶ⣬ȡһʬʬҪʮʱ䣬пɡ
Ҷû뵽ǣ첻ֻ˲һʱ䣬Ͳƻ
˵첻һҵʲôݾҪȻԲ˶̵ʱڣ͵ȡʬʬ
ûķ飬ȫԲȥᣡ
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֮ͨʬ
ѧ֮ѧ֮һ㡣
żգһá
ҵһ֮ͨʬƾ֮Źʡ
ٶڴŷķ뿪磬žԵİա
ʱҶһѣܷŷ׷ɱʵûаա
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ܽ첻ļƻңֹȡʬʬõĽ
ԼһҶֻѡһˡ
ҶԼҲԼҪǶһУҲе̫ˡ
һȥսһѾɹʬļǿߣûʲô
ҶΨһץסǣ첻ǳɹʬΪ˽֮һ壬䱾ҲлѴľʱ䣬֮Уһ׶Σ͸Ҷɳ֮
Σ֮ǰҶʹԼ־Եѡ
л۷ЩʧȥƵɥʬȴǱ˴໥
Щɥʬû׵ʬ壬ƹ˼Ĵ𣬵ȻܱһЩ͵ȶ˼ʧȥƵͻչֳҰ޵ıܡ
һǵһЩɥʬ໥ҲҶԤϵ顣
Щײеɥʬ໥ɱһ֮һЩɥʬҶǧĴڡ
൱ͬɥʬѪ⣬ȻϲʻѪ⡣
ʱѾвɥʬ˹
ҶЩɥʬһۣüͷ΢塣
ɥʬʵ̫ˡ
ʱȣɲٽʱ˷Щɥʬϡ
ӹЩγٻɥʬǰȥ
ǧҶһߣȻæȥǧ֮ǰһģƴĹȴǳǵǰ


706 
Ϸһ޴ĺɫˮɫˮ򣬶ɢһĹâС
ֲֵҶ״μһɫˮҲһͨĶ
ںɫˮâ£ɢһõĹ󣬳һֹ
֮᳡һɫˮ̫ÿˣǧһɫˮ̲ס̾ǽȡ͸Īݣһǳϲġ
֮еһѪƣƺһɫˮʲôϵʱһʺѪĹӿѪ֮䵽ɫˮϣ֪ʲôá
Ƕ飬רػʬģڻƶΪһȻᾪʬҿɫˮ򣬲Ҫκ˽ӽЩɥʬ̫ɥʬӽܻᵼǷ䣬һǷ䣬ңҪǣҲ൱֡
ҶһɫˮһۣͻȻһץס˶ǧһΣһ˲䣬Ǹɫˮǰ
ȻɫˮҶȽϿصҲܷ񽵷ʬһƾ衣
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ôһСʱ򣬺Щɥʬһ׷ɱ˹
һƬɫâҶϷ
һƬֱںɫˮܡ
һӽɥʬ󣬶Ƭ̺֮һֿµֱӽɱˡ
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ǧЩƬԸɥʬȻϬҶ͸ʱУ˺׳־ͬһϮɥʬ鲻ԽЦעΪΪ˵ˣɣɶɥʬ֮
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ʱӰһʧհǳٴγ˹Ĵ֮С
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԰գϺһȴǳʧ˴֮С
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Ҷһ㲻ڿЦɡ
һλڴŴ˵˵һ֮еǿߣųǴսݺ£һ֮У˵ܵС


707 
ڴ磬ĶǶһ޶Ĵڣ޵еĸƿشľԻȨ
ҶѾĶĴ棬֪Ĵ磬ȷʵв׿ǧŵĲ˽ܡ
Щˣÿһݺصı£ĶȽԵЩС׼ˡ
Ŷԣȫһϵ
Щ˵š
ôĶˣǾԵ
첻ȻǱĶˣ
Ҷ¶˼־ɫ첻ϴһݽ䱸֣ȻĶץס㣬Ϊβֱɱ㣬óԺסĹ㣿ôһѽ
첻һεҪӵо֮壬ֻͱĶɱˣǣĶҰļ󣬼Ȼͨҵľ֮壬ֱӿһ߳˯ص֮ͨʬҲ֪Ķʲôһʬӡһ֮УȻƿʬʶڵʬͷ˳Գʵǿ󣬲ҵ⣬һʱ⣬ʬˣڱչصȴǽҹ
Ҷԣһ˿䱸֮ɫʧƹ첽ߵ첻ߣһӦô죿Ķʲôطʵ̫ǿĶ֣Ҫû뿪ɣ
첻ܸмҶһۣȴҡͷ̾ϢƾʵһӲЩ׷ɱԾ뿪Ҳһǡ
Ҷһ־ͱӣʲô
첻Ͽ쳣ĿҶҶܺķѱԴȰҽ⿪ϵĽƣһָʵҪȻƾҶһˣֻº
ԭϻŽƣֲò뿪ã²˳٣ֽ⿪ƣȻһ뿪ҶԥһǻȻ
ߵ첻˵߶ڵıԴ˫֣첻ĺ֮ϣ֣Ű忪ѨλȻٳ忪ǰģһ¡
Ҷִʴ壬¾Ͳлˡ첻΢ЦͷǺܸмҶܳ
ʱ˭ûע⵽ڴ΢Ц֮ʣ֮һɭȴǺޱȡ
Ҷߵ첻󣬲˫ַ첻ϵʱ첻˵ϣ¶һ˿թЦ⣬ڷϵ֣һťЦ
ɾǸťʱȴͻȻɫ䣬һŭ𡭡ͬʱ壬һӣ׷˳ȥ
׷ɵĹУ첻Ѫһǰδеľŭ֮С
Ҷģ˲ɣ첻׹ĹУŭ쳣سҶǵĵˣĶǲħˣҶ֣
ƾҲӣѽҶЦ˵磬ֱ첻ߣһǿޱȵȭͷҳ
ÿһȭͷЯž˵ƻݺ첻ϡ
Ҷһһ첻ȥ
˿̵첻Ҷȭͷ֮£һõĲһ㣬ϵıҵ·ɣ֪˶ٿѪ
Ҷеֵ첻뵽һִδǱ֮СһΪڴ˿̣ȴȫûл֮ݱʵ˵ʱ
˾ȵǣ첻֪Ҷٿң˶ٿѪһȻӲͦ
ûбҶֲֿĹֶΣֱӻУ˽һЩѪ֮⣬ϾȻԵ˺۶ûУݺݵĶҶ
ɫһֱתһҶС
ɫߣʵһߵȵط
ֻǾõĸ飬ǳԲûбζȥ
Ҷõһɫ֮󣬾Щദɫ߽˳ϵǿԶɫߵĲֹˡ
ɫתɳ֮
ҶһʵʵĽâûаƫƣȫʵʵ첻ϡ
طܣȻͬ죡
֮ǰҶȫԸ֮£в첻˺ۡ
˿ֳֵطֻһ͸첻˾޴˺
ֻһꡱ֮
첻ϴͷĶ֮
طҶ˫ϵƿ첻ķһİʥǿߣص˺
Ҷ֪ش첻ΨһĻᣬʱȻѾץסȻͲ׷֡
ʱ껯Ϊսһʵѱӵ˼û˿ԼĿǰݡǿĹȫ첻ʩչһ飡
첻ǱĲΣȫ£˿ڣѪˣԵޱȡ
һҶǽȫеĵط֮Уֻһʹ첻ӣһ㣬գ֪׷˶Զ
ҶڷһʱȫҲ۵
첻׷ɵķŴȴŵɫ
ղŵһֹֻԼ֪жôķԵÿһУһֱӱ
Ĺ첻ϣȴֻѪʵҶš
ڣ첻һĴ𰸡Сӣ㹻ģǱһרĵط˿ֻĶˣ첻˫Ŀ֮Уһļµ˼Ĺâ
˫ֻ֣һգһֲ˼ֱӴ˫֮бһްͽһȭҶеĵط֮ϡ
ӵаʥߵΪҶֻüһ仰˫һֻһʹһַɳһĨ⣬ԶԶ˵֮ϡ
ˣѾع첻û˿ֱӱ첻һȭҷˡ
Ȼ첻֮ԲֶֹΣ֮֮
Ҷ壬첻һȭҷɣ׷ʮףҶźݺײһʯ֮ϣˤȥ
䵽֮ϵҶһᣬŷʯڣֻʱģ첻ȽżƵġ
ȫ£Ѫ죬Ǹһʼ˵ɫԵò԰ޱȡ
ôڵģ첻ҶûҶֱɱ֡
ϣǵһγƿһεıŰϢʼΧĺɫʼƮˣ֪ʱѾѪޱȡ
˾ǣϣѲ˴СС˿ڣ֮˿ڣ첻壬ܵ˼Ĵˣȴֵ£һͳ߽ҶĹơ
ʵţһѪ֮˵̶ȣȻַܹ˺˵Ĺ
ֻһȭͽҶżһ׻ˡ
ʥǿߵĹҲѽҶ첻֮󣬺ǱһصĴЦ
Ȼ첻Ϯ֣Ҳ˲ƣϸǱų˼ѪܵĿӡ
ģէһȥȷʵԵ÷ǳҡ
ʵϣҶȴԶԶûǱֻֻΪ˽һԶ֡
ҶǼĿ첻ϵ˿ڣǲмĵط㾹ȻִʴϷӹ˭Ȱ˵ºûаϵһȽϺõķˮأ±ͶһȽϺõ˼ң޹أҲ֪һ࣡
ԭղһֱٺϷ첻Ҷһнƾͼƣǲһͱóɹأ
㲻װһµӣҸղŵĹ㲻ҪҲ˵ıԴǿѹԼƣǲǵҷʲôѽţ뿴Ļ͵ǣһѪ֮Ӷʬɡٺ٣첻㻹ǵѽ
ҶЦѵ첻ʱѾȫȷǰˣǴ첻
֮ǰ첻ֻǴ˵һ
ַ֮ҶҲ˵Ҫȴǳѡ
ҪӵһĶõı£֮ͨ󣬸˸ѵĿԣһ£ûԸͨ
첻ıŷڱ޷򲻵֮£ͨ
ΪķŻĪҲ򲻹ֻΪʵ㱾İٷ֮һ
Ҫǲ첻ڱҶȫѹƵ֮£ܷ֡
Ķñһʬȴ֪ȴǿʬķš첻һЦ֮дݵֻҪʬɹÿԽһʬػʱ򣬾ĶҲſ֮һսˡ
ҶüͷֻΪʬ
ĶǸΪǵļһΪģǾ֮壬ҪѹΪͨʬǿЦѽЩѾ͵ˣһһɱˣȡǵĻ꾫ǵĹǵ壬ѪʬѾӽˡ˭֪ڹؼʱ̣㾹Ȼ˽ٺ٣ҲνȻԼ˽ǾͻһѪ֮ˣ㿴ʥǿߵʵ


708 
ԭЩ͵ˣֻΪѪʬҶеףΪʲô첻Ҫձ˽֮֮ˣȻΪ˸ʬṩѪ⡣
ʬҲǻ۵壬˵Ƿǳųġ
첻ôǾʬйͨģ
Ȼͬ˽ǾʬѪ
Ҷûв´ĻҪԭӦþĶϡ
֮ǰ첻˵飬ĶĳֿԿʬķ
ʬ첻ΪĶµƷ
Ϊ˰ĶƿأʬŻ첻ɡ
ȻԼ̺֮ħʬӿ첻ٶȣ첻ΪԶԶ˵񣬲ŵ첻Ķıߡ
첻ҶȥǵȻЩǵһ˺ļƷΪ˱ʾľأѡһʽ
ѡһʽҶЦЦΪûգ͸Ļˮ
һֵ֣ղΪ˱棬ֵķûд򿪣Ϊ첻ȻѰҶԸ˵ķ
ִܵһҶȴǰ˿
Ȼûʧô˵Ҳһ취˱նɱʱ򣬻ԻֻҲӵС취ͷˡ
첻ҶԼȻȫη֮ɫɫһҶģҵУѵӦ˵һЩĵĻ
Ҷʼ磬ЦǸҶĳûĵϰߣڵأ
ҶʱѾһЩǳؼ⡭
Ǿǰ첻Ҳûı塣
֮£ǴпΪѽ
ѽؽп첻Ҷŭˡ
Իֻ֣ͻȻһѪ⣬Ľŵףʼһգ۵ʱ䣬첻ȫ£Ѫ֡
ƣѪֵʱҲʼǿ
Ȼһֿ켼
첻켼ͷ֮ҶĿ֮У˲м
Ҷ鲻䣬ϵƣҲһ˲䣬ͻȻʼǿһ̣սʥǿߵսڱȫͷ˳
һĻȻ첻΢΢һ֮мЦݣȻûʧ㾹ȻҲԱʥǿߵսҶ֣أ
˵ȴͻȻһ֣һѪɫĹâȫûаףʹ֮б
һѪâЯ븯ʴ֮ٶȸǿ쵽˼㣬۾ķӦޣȻҶ
һ켼İʥǿߣȻ͵Ϯ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ¶һ˿΢Ц
һʥǿߣ͵ϮһʵԼĶ֣飬ֻ˵ȥҲš
Ҷûĵ顣
͵Ϯð
ԷȻ͵ϮǾ˵ԷȫûĿ濹Լ
һĻҶ϶֮ǰĲ롣
ҶҲûгǿ
Ѫâ̺֮ʵ̫죬ɲӲӡ
ֻһһ־˲ѪâȻٴһ첻ıҶһʱѡʽӿȭͷͬ˺һ㣬ֱӺ첻ıϡ
ȴ䡱һ졣
ռ䣬Ǳһ¡
Ҷǿޱȵһȭֱӽ첻壬ҵ÷鿪
еѪҽ֮ȴûг֡
ҶԵޱȵһȭҲû䵽ʵĸоеģֻ첻µһӰ
첻ı壬ȴѾҶ󣬻ƶ¡
ȻٶȣҶѷɫ
˻ĲӰռ֮пʼ׷ս
˵ٶȣ쵽˼㣬񹥻ʹҼ䣬ȶ
ǿ˵ĳ֮£֮ϵʯ壬ϱķ顭Ӳޱȵʯ壬ǵĹ£һ鶹һ㣬ϱĥ÷顣
Ʈɵʯңֵռ䣬ȴȻûֵͣס
Ҷƾʮһʵľ磬Ȼһʥǿߣһѽѷ֡
֣ʥǿߣʧѽҶһ֮ݣһ߲̽첻
ʱѾ϶ǰ첻ʵ첻ֻһѡ
ҪȻƾ첻ʥΪҶӵڰʥһǿߵսҲ첻Ķ֡
ȻСƱȥ첻˫֮У˵ɱˣѾʬתƣŭ𲻶ϣ߶Ų켼ϷϬĹ
켼Ĵ߷£ڲϵģҪҶնɱ
𾪵ǣҶսƺҲڻÿ첻սѹҶʱҶͻᱬһ֮ĵز
Ҳòϱʵ첻һʱ䣬κβҶ
ɶҪǱķڱϣʱ߷ֻбٷ֮һսĶ֣ȫһñѽ
첻ȻһжԸ˵ʱ첻ܵ˼ĴЩ̬֮
֣͵սҽҪԣǷնɱʥˣҶˣѾ׼һЩֶΣһɱ첻߷ȻȥѰ첻ıʬ
Ҷ첻߷ƶϳʱ첻ı壬ӦǱʲôסˣڶʱ
ҶҪץסģᡣ
Ҷ²⣬첻߷Ӧ䱾һͻĳַӡγ˵Ĵڡ
˿첻ı壬һĥסķӡ֮
һ㣬Դ첻߷ڲϵߣͿԿ
ԣսսپ
ʱϵԽãҶԽ
Ҷһգڹ˸һöɭĹӣС
öԶصĶ飬ҶһֱûŪⲢʹô顣
öɫ̺ĶɲޱȣҶǿļŵ֮һ
һͷȫɶ۵ľ޻һŭֱӳ첻ȥ
ֲ˵꣬Ϊ֮ļ¡
ʣöɫӣҲһķҪȻԲ۳ӵѪĻޡ
һ취첻˫֮У˸һɲĹâ
Ҷȡ취֮ܵһΪ֮Ŀ־塣
飬һԣһߣܵõһطĪĻԵˡ
Ҷеĵطͭһ㣬˳
һ̣Ȼһֲ֮еͷ
ͬʱҲоԼľ񣬽뵽һǳֵľ֮С
ֲ֮еͷһֲ˼ٶȣԺ֮ӡ
ãʲôȻֱӸʴ˵ʶ˵˼롭һȵͻȻ첻ӿǿпסԼвĿ־塣
˫ƣȻ˫绺ſһʺѪĹâǰ
âһȼյѪ棬һɱ¾֮ӹâ֮ɢ˳
첻ڴ߶켼ռ塣
ֻһѪâһƿ֮첻˫һƣֻѪâͻȻѣͬʱһȻĪҲǳҶӿ˲ûռ䡣
켼Ȼ£
˵켼ȫ࿹⡭
ǰҶôţǵۼʶ켼֮ȴϣֻûвܵ顣
켼Ĺû˿ԶֻӲ
첻켼ҶȻȫ߶гǰһͼܵһЩ켼ܡ
ǣȻС켼֧Ƭ̣ˣǲһ׷˳ȥ
һѪգҶٴκݺײ˲Զʯ֮ϣˣֱ˽ȥʯ䡭
߷ٴǿˣ첻ı壬ǿҪȥˣҶȥǵѪһ֮ԾдǳԾ
Ķ첻ϵķӡѾס첻ˡ
첻߷ڲϵıǿ֮ǰ޷켼ȴܹ߶켼ӳ˺˵ǴҶϵ顣
ȥҶֻҪС
ɲӢš
ҧҧɫߣҶУȴһ˿Ȼ
ʱ첻ûٴ׷Ҷ
У˿̵Ҷֻˡ
첻Ҷʯ̨ϵһˮף֮е¶һƳԵɫʵʬ䣬ھҪˣ첻ʱĶ̣Щļһһ˰ɣһΣҪƽƽ
첻δ䣬ֻͻȻֳһȥ
ֻ顱һ
ոǱҶ׾ٵľͱ첻ķˡ
ҶһѪʮףͣΡ
һ̣Ҷȷ첻ı壬ľҪˡ
ҪȻҶԲûа㷴֮ͱ첻߷ˡ
Ȼһİʥǿߣڵһ棬ҶҪһİʥǿǿһ
ǰʥǿߵȴȫܿġ


709 Ľ
ҶģƾǱ㻹һΪϧ㾹Ȼѡ뱾ԣǾڲȥɣҵı壬ѾҪˣ첻ʱҶ񣬾ɨһ㡣
У˿̵ҶֻȫΪĶˡ
ļһͷȻҳҺҶͻȻݳһ˿Цֻһӣһɫߣٳ첻˹ȥ
ƮɵĹУɫԽԽͬʱɫĹƣҲ˸
ɲ֮䣬İĿռ֮УɫĹâ⣬ɫ߸һֲ˼ٶȣӱ첻ӰС
ɫ֮˸Źâ벻ȶ˻Ϣ
첻䡣
Աطôܣ飬ԱˣôܷԣӶԱޣ
ҶԣһԭԱطܹ֮Աġ
ǵطͬԱΪˣֻҲ֮Ա
˿ԼƺǱ̴۸һѽ
Ǹһϴһͬ̽յʱ򣬶ԱطвǣǼһܷԱط˵ˡ
طϵƺҲǿ֮Աġ
ϴҶɳĮ֮УͼʶطԱ֮
ʶһ㣬ҶҲû˼ȥʱȡ
ֻһһ磬Զʯ̨ȥ
ʬĳ˯֮ء
첻屻ĵط
ҶҪݻһˮײģ첻ʬ䣬ٴδԭΡ
ƻļƻֻ·һ첻˲Ҷ˼һ屩ǣͷɫߣԾ֮ƣ˹ȥ
ֻ䡱һ
һȭûкɫߡ
еɫߣ⻪ţ˲佫첻С
ͬʱҶѾʯ̨֮ϡ
֮У֮ڡ
ŵص״һֱհǳ֮У𾪡
ǸһﾹȻԺ첻ôܣֻһô첻Ķ֣հǳãԼҶƺһǳ޴顣

ڣʯ̨֮ϡ
һˮײģûжҲûж׳ۣ濴ֻһߺͨĹײġ
ɫˮ׸ǣ˳һЩ̣˿ҲԵЩģ塣
һ߹ײģʵûʲô۵ĵط
˾ĵطʯ̨֮ϵһʮף׵İ
ЩһΪӵͼɫҺ塪ûв´ЩɫҺ壬ӦöѪҺ˿ͨһصķʽһˮײ֮С
ҶЩʱ򣬺ͻȻһ֮
Ҷ΢΢ȣͷһۡ
˿̵첻Ǳɫһװ˿ڷš
ϧȴȫ⳹׼ɫߣһԱ
֮ǰҲǱɫһɻϢסˣҪĻԱ
֪ȫԱ֮ʱȴҶһɫ߼Ƶԣʱ첻һ߷档
ɫ߱ϾҲǵط֮ΪĴڣƴĲϣޱȡ
һʥǿߣҲƿɫߵ
첻ʱѱɫ߸סҶҲȫڹײ档
ײ棬ݺύײĶĶĽˡ
ʱһЩ֮Ѿǳˣƺʱɢ
ԣֻҪȵ֮ʧ첻ͻֱƹ׶
ԶҶ˵ҪһĽƣһǳѵ顣
飬ҶҪһס첻Ľƣûյʱ䣬ǾԲܵġ
Ҷȴǲͣôʱ䡣
ֻҪ첻ƿɫߵҶ͵ˡ
ҺһֳɵĽ֥Ҷ˵Ҫ飬ǲһȫµĽƣֻҪˡ
ʱײĽƣһ̨ܾõĻͣѾҪˡ
ҶֻҪΪһ̨;ˡ
ڹײ֮һᣬҶ¶һ˿
Ѿҵˡ͡ĵطֻҪԼڵ˳طȥôƣͻ»ܣ첻ıٴѹ
ֻҪܽ첻ıٴѹڹײ֮УôҶȫԿһ߹ײ·ˡ
ֻҪҵһصĵطƾֶΣȻƷײʬ
첻ı壬ŰʥʵҶһʬ֮󣬻
ƣô˵ҲĶµģҶ
ǶԷڰһЩʲôֶΣôҶ͵ʱҲ൱Σա
вͻܵƵķɣǰƣĶµġ
һȫ൱ĶȫһҶڵʵûаܿĶһ
ʱҪԴģԼܵƵķɡ
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Ҷԥ˰Σҧҧַڹײ֮ϣ̽Եһ˿
еһ˲䣬ֻ䡱һ졣
һѪɫĹâЯֱ֮Ӵӹײĵڲ
ǿޱȣԵ쳣
Ķ˭
ҶȻµûĶȻжֶҺûóȻ£ҪȻһ䴩񷶥˴صֻ¾Ҫ䵽ˡ
ص֮Ҷʽʼ֮
֪˶á
ˣҶɫ¶һ˿ɫںľ֮֮ڳɹ˽ƣж첻ĸӦ
ͬʱ첻һһʵҲʼ𽥵ʧ
ҶģһΪ֮ٶڵģģ㾹Ȼ˶ԴˡˡѽܵԼ˹ʧ첻䡣
һ̣Ƿ
ɫҲĹâ
Աŭ첻ɫγɵҲǼֲ˶೤ˡ

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ģǸҶģһ֮УʵĴ𣿸ĪݣǴʲôطˣȻһˣΪ˴μƻ֮еһ
հǳ֮ǰԼҶĲмҶһ·ϵı֣ͻȻһͷԺ
ˣҲǸҶһ·ϣǰϻԼһˣΪ
Խܵǣš֮ۡƵȻȫûпҶαװԼҶȫû⣬һصĴ
ѵǼһһ֪첻ļƻ첻ļƻеļĸû֪Ҷô֪ƻģѵһ˿£ڽһУԼƲģ
հǳŽ²ĵ棬֪ѲǾ֮أ΢ԥһ֮ȴǻһӰʧ֮С
ЩĵļһɣɣǳŴĶžˮаڴݶһźɫӵԱߣ˿ڵĶǧȫػߵĽɫС
˫һƿֻҪɥʬǼζˮ
Ǳˮɥʬڶʱڳڡ
ֳִĶǧ˵ޱȣһ˶ǧɥʬ
ߣˣһѵȳʬ塣
ǧʱһ򵱹أĪ֮ơ
Ϊһս
ֻǵʱƿеĶˮѾҪˡ
Ҷ͸ǼҲһһս֮С
ڳʱսڵҲ;ƿݵĵز
һͱɥʬ֮󣬶ǧͻȻǰһڣЩûѳסֱӴݶϵȥ
ҶǲŴүѽöɫˮ飬ʲôãķҪӿҪ㺦ˣǧʱѾʧȥŴֻаʺҶ
ԼԴһǱżˡ
ҪȻôӻˮҶһ
Ҫ֪ҶУԼʱôģôΪҶһ仰öˮ
ǣ˿̣ΰգȴ˺һˡ
ֻҪͣϢͻᱻˮһɥʬû
飡죬
ǧǿѹеĻ֮УΪӰٴνʮɥʬ׷׻
Ĳ֫ףĴ
ȳʬѪմ˶ǧȫȫ֧Ŷǧսȥ
ڵԽԽ١
ȫµĽֳ֮ʹǻһ㣬ĵס
Ժеʶٴοʼģ
ֻꡱһ
һֻצӣͻȻգݺץ˶ǧĺ֮ϡ
ҵʹöǧ˹ƿֱҳһ͵Ϯɥʬֱҷ˳ȥ
ԼϿһۣȴԼβϵƬ˴󲿣ͬʱʮ˿ڣȫʺѪҺ


710 ֲ
ǹϣôҶ˵ĻˣǧƣεĿЦһִβһƬ
һЩƬʱΪڣһЩͼݶɥʬȥ
սǧѺľҶ͸ҲѾս֮С
Ϊ֮ƣֻϵƬʱˡ
ϵƬޣһ̫࣬ҪȻҲ³
ЩɥʬȴԶҲɱһӿ˹
ս˳˾
ҶʬļһʬʧˣѾΪ˼ƷǧŤһԼβͣҧһƬ˺쳤Ц벻ҶǧȻΪһŮˣһطɶǣֻǾˣǹԹҲ֪ҶǧΪλЩźأ
˻ݶ֮ϣɥʬ׺쳣ĳǧ˹
ĪݣҵĹԹţˣǧʱѾû˿֮һЦ֮󣬻۾βͺ׼Ƭȫȥǰһι
˭֪ʱһֲâͻȻٵ
ϬޱȵĽͬһ䣬һһЩɥʬϡ
ݶɥʬʹİûзͱһغ«ݶ֮Ϲȥ
ǧӦ˫ۣȴǿΪ֮ɵ۵龰
һ׺ޱȵɥʬһɫĽâ֮£ĵһ㣬һһصȥ
һЩѾЩǵɥʬܸ˿־壬Ҫȴ޷ıѶˡ
ûκһɥʬâ֮
ת֮䣬ΧڴܣǧƵɥʬѱһâնɱĸɸɾ
ܵɥʬɾ֮һâһһ̣ǳһ˵С
ˣ񰡣ϣ˿ֲˣǧĿɿڴǵâˣ۾֮Уš
ػˮķϣ㲻ڸϽ뿪ɣһ䣬ǧûзӦֻԼǰӰһöݶ֮ϵˮǲӰ
ȻöˮǱղǿȡˡ
һĻǧʹԼ۾ȷԼΡ
ȻֻǾһ֣ǶǧȴԿ϶ͻȻֵľǿߣһŷˡ
ϷΣĮһеָŷ
ŷһ֮УĶȻǿߣ
ģ̌ͷܵľ󣬼ֱղŵһĻɵˡ
Ŀ֮Ѿɥʬ
Ƭռ֮УеɥʬղǸǿ˲ˡ
һﵽǸʲôǿߣ
ǧһη֣ԼԭΪǿǰԵǶôĿЦ
ԵϢһ֮ȴȻ֮С
ɫˮѱȡߣҲûκˡ
ǧѡ֮زز뿪Ҫĵط
ȴû
Ҷһô˵ҲĪϲˣӾ㲻ܾҲӦÿʬȥҪȻԺĪݷǺϲɣ
ǧ϶ҶΪ˶ĪиȴȻȥҵҶʬ
һҪĪ֪ҶǧҲһеˡ
ҶʱȻ֪淢顣
ڸˮײʱȴǷ˸Ӽĵ顣
ʬȻѾͨ飬Σȴʶ֮ʡ
ֻҪֶΣҶžͿȫһʬ
һˮײģҶ˿ε֮̽ãоգɾˡ
׼ֲһþ͵ؽʬ֮
ʱ⣬ˡ
һ˾µϢͻȻж
ûȵҶӦһϢѾʯ̨֮ϡ
ǵϢˣֻɨһۣȴԷһмߣгһ
ҶԼһһֶһһȴɫ߶ֵ첻
ҲݣҶŴһ䣬æһ¿͵عʯ̨
ȻСһâ
ֻ䣡һ
ǵâֱʯ̨֮ϣʯ֮䣬һǿޱȵನײҶϡ
Ҷ˺޷ı˳ȥѪڲֹ
һߡ
ɫγɵĸҲһâ˲ơ
ɫ߲ס첻һâĹ³Ȼ˵֮Ҷҡ
ֱ֣ӱնϣǱֱӺ˵صףʹõһĴӣ
ˣʵ̫ˡ
ֻһâȻûа㷴֮
˵ʵҲﵽ˰ʥ죬ĵز
ףܱһԴͻȻһ˵Ŀд
ֻӰһվʯ̨֮ϣɻҶһۣ·Ҷֵܵһǳ⡣
ҶǵѪȥʯڣվ
ղһâɲ˼㣬ֱҶ
ֻǱһҶ;ԼȫµĹͷƱһ㡣
Ҫǰһֱϰ֮ʹǿ쳣κһλֻ´˿Ѿͦʬˡ
ԣ˳֮ʣû»ڵġ
Ҷ̧ͷǸ˿ȥȴ΢΢һֻվʯ̨֮ϺˣԼʮ꣬˶١
һϮ£üĿƮݡ
עĿģ˵ͫƺҪȳ˶һ˫ͫŹâ۾΢еʱâ˸һĵ׷⡣
ҲΪʬҶĶУ˸߸ϵζ
˿ҶĿ⣬һȫλߵɱˣӲõڶУ͸һɱɡ
Ҷǳˬһ߸ϣȫԼ̬
ʽûǿҶȻΪĪеĹԼС
ԷΪԱǿ˲ֹһҶɲٳܴһֲޱȵĽâ
ڻع֮ȴüڵûв´ŷɣ
ϵĺɫۣŷ֮Уǵλǳ֮ߵʸ񴩡
һ㣬Ϳ˵˲ŷˣҲһŷŷǳеĹϵ
졣һ֣һĽֱӽҶˣʱʲôͻشʲô˶һ롣
Ҳݣ㣬㡣ҶϹâһָһƣ̧ͷ䶢ŶԷӦĶѹ첻İɡûĸƽϣ㻹Ӿ壬ɾҪˣʱɲĶô
֪ͦѽ֪Խ࣬Խ졣˵˫֮ͫУâһȻǶɱ
ҶȴǿԷڿԼеһöʱһ˿ؼ̰һ
ȻղĽڲĶʴ˴룬Ѿע⵽˶֮Զһ˿֮ġ
˵ҲǸʲôöȻӱǸѽҶ֮ǰΪԷԼֻ֣ΪʬԲŻѡֱɱԼ
ڿƺԼˡ
ʬĶڶ¯ûеõ֮ͬǰŷˣû˸Ҷʬ̰֮ġ
ͻȻֵļһҪɱҶΪҶô˵أǶԷеĶ̰
ö飬ҶԼûŪ״Ϊôø˫ͫĺˡ
ҶҪ֮ʡ
ʱ⣬ٴηˡ
ֻ洫һ󡰺¡ľ죬һӰͻȻӷɵʯֶ֮ź˵Ĺ
ȴ첻һ߷۹֮󣬷·һͷ׼ŭޣ͵˼
ûõҲڱǰ֣ȪͷһЦҲкζֻһӳ
һɫĽĽзƳգֱ첻
Ϭ˫
첻Ƽ͵ĹȴС
Ľȫûз֮˲䱻ʱһֻҲֱӷˡ
˫־ٵ첻ڵϣѾȫû
ˣ̫̬ˡ
첻һ߷ô˵Ҳӵſһʥǿߵʵ
˶ϣֵûС
ҶҲһľ⡣
ͻȻֵĺˣȻıǮ
ʵ֮ǿֱδŵĵز
Ҷǿߡ
ʸڤµľ̫ƶ˵Ķ֡
һƥаʥĲǿߡ
Ȼ첻ı壬ѹڹײ֮УҶȴЩɣǽ첻ıųֻҲһ˵Ķ֡
ѵŷˣô̬
ǻò˻ˣ
Ҫǧˣһ˱̬ûˣ
һﲻǴųһǿߣĶ˰ɣ
˵ӰƾˣпܾĶ


711 İ
һʵҲ˰ʥ죬ĵزԭ֮ϣŴڵġҶи̾ǿɬ
Խ˽磬ԽǾ磬ԽԽء
ɲһͷȻŷһٷд˵սԺȥλ棬˻ʸ壬λǸŶ繷ĵطҪƾڵʵ֮ͬصƯ½֮أǽ˴ʥأԼΪ񲻳ΪһЦ
ҶͻȻʶʸ֮˵ǳҪҲǳϾ⡣
Ļ֮УȻ˼Щʱ
ʧʧνĴȻ˲һñֵȤҲûˣûעҶǻתŵѪ֮У˫ȥ첻˫֮ͫУϷʡ
ɱֿˣң㡭˫۾ϵ죬ʱȻѾ֮ʣвм֮⣬ȴֱ˺˵Ժ֮С
һѪȴǰȻźˣмЦɱļһҲֻڱķǰһ£Ҫҵıƹ׶ȥɱ㣬Ҳ׼һһĶᲢ۵ģ
ϵϷ֮ЦĶֵʱͻȻһ첻ſޱȵɱ㣬ҲĿãھͽıͷųȻ㳹ɱҪףŷ֮УһĶһİԣҲǿǵģ
ԭſޱȵļһİԣ
Ҷмסˣ֮һ죬İֻġ
ʱֻݡһ
һɫâİԵеĳ
âǰĽâǿֹƺռ䣬˿
ȻһâҪնɱ˭ǲԶһˮײġ
׳գȻ첻ļ֮Ҷ䣬ûֹ顣
ֻá䡱һ죬һˮĹײģһâֱ÷鿪
Ѫɫʱռ䣬һӴӰˮƬ֮Уڿն𡭡һʱ䣬ͽ˷Ѫɫֱ˴֮С
˶޴˰ܿͻףһһôЦ飬úʹɣһ޴Ӱ·ǴѪ֮˳
ǸӴӰƶ֮УһضΪ֮ɫĿħ
Ѫɢһֻ쳣ħţһѪ֮п˳
һֻţѾҶһΪ֮ļµĸо
һ̣Ҷתӵĳ嶯
ǣȴҸ֮ж
Ϊֻ֪Ҫİԣ첻Ὣһʡ
˵Դǽˮˣ֪첻ʬ䣬һΪѴﵽһǳֲĳ̶ȣȻſޱȵĽ˳鷳𡣡
ҶнİԵ˰嶼ʺһ飬òƿڴ
ոƹض첻ȻȲбѪ
ҶΪߣȻҪꡣ
ۼƲҶѾû˼ȡʬͷȱסС˵
ɨһۣ鿴һµƣ׼ˡ
˶ȥɣҶɲС档
䡱һ촫
ѾҪ̮Ѩٴοʼҡ
ҶȻһξ룬̧ͷʯ̨ȥֻһ޴ѷ죬˷ӣʯ̨ʼһֻţѪ̤֮˳
Ҷתȥ۽ǵ⣬İȥ
ֻ˿İԣκƮݵվһʯ֮ϣǲмʯ̨֮Ϸֱ仯ȫûгֹ˼
һ̫ˣȻ㽫첻ıͷųɱ첻
ֻ꣡һ죬Ҳ첻ı𳹵ˡ
ͬʱһһݵٶȣ˿
ʯƵĳ£һһƯʼת
ֱһϣ첻ıƿϵһ⣬һ˱Űɱ¾Ϣĳıһȭ䱬ʯ̨ɡ
ˣ첻ڳۣؽ֤첻ݺ£һԼֶɱڶѨ֮оһ
쳾䶨һƬ֮Уһ߳˶׵ľˣ쳤Х
˵ߣһ㵭ɫȻĳּΪµӶݻĻзͬһķһĹƷ
ҶĲ²⣬һ㵭ɫӦþ첻ʬһˡ
˿̵첻˫֮УɺĹâԶԶȥźɫĻ
ǵһļ⣬˱ըԵһ˫ȭͷһ㣬ɢڵĹâ
·Ǳѹ̫ãϵ·Ѿ׸ˣһͻΪƮɵķĩ
첻һ߷ڿһ˲䣬ѾΪһâںϵ˱֮С
һڵϵ·Ȼ첻ı𴩴ϡ
ںϷ·ȹ̣Ҫʱġ
Ĺ֮Уѵ͵Ϯʱ̡
İԲûж͵Ϯûһۣɴ˿ɼѾԸ˺εȳ̶ȡ
Ϊ˱ʾǵĸлʹȥģϵĵһӿ첻췢һЦһǳİ˹ȥ
Ȼ첻Ŷֿļһɱ⡣
֮ǰ첻Ҷɱ⣬Ѵﵽһĵز
İԵһƣȴѾҶɱ⣬ʱŵһߡ
ɴ˿ɼİɱ⣬ѾŨһĳ̶ȡ
ñʹȥٺ٣Сѽ첻ɱİ񣬷ֻֿһӣһɫĽâ˲仮գ첻ļȥ
ȴһ촫
İ֮ǰĽâڴϣȻֻǷһĴ죬űûġ
һĻİԵɫ״΢
ԼĽâȻ޷Է˺
ʵİЩš
֮ǰ˵ֻҪҵıɱ㣬׼һף첻ְԵռ䶼ƶһ¡
첻ҲûʲôӵĶֻǼ򵥵֣Ȼٿճİһġ
һʱ䣬۳һֻ޴ƣƻʵ쳯İȥ
ӡ֮;κ赲֮ǶһһӡƮɣĩյһ㣬һС
ȻеֶΣİԷһߣɫ΢أֱӳ𣬶һӡ
ĿҲ֪һӡӲ
һӡֻ֮İԽгջأ˫ڿָʹϵĺۣ޷ԶһλðӰ
ЩӰòͶӰһ㣬ָָʾ£˶ѨϿա
ۿȥЩİŪĻӰγһâǣ첻Χġ
âǾնһİԵдһּΪµ켼ʱͷų˳
һЩӰһģĻˡ̶һ˲䣬ͻΪĻӰͬ籩һ㣬Ŵı˶ȥ
ĳ棬׳۵˼㡣
İͬǧİԣ첻¶ȺŹ
ģһпɶ켼ҲİϴαѹҲǰһ֮£ѱܶһвӰ
Դ˿̼İʹһУȻܵѡŷٶȳ֡
ֻ첻߶סϵҪ˷ŭֲʵŭ
ɱһֱҲȡƵ첻ϵķڱİ˿
һİԵĻӰ첻ϣͻһ˵˿ڡ
Щ˿֮Ѫ綾ڵʱʯʵĵطʴһС
һ̣ҲȡƵ첻ѾİԳѹˡ
ĻӰ޾ŴȥİռžԵϷ磬Ҫһ첻Źһĭ
ҶȻѾ˵սıԵ֮ĻӰȻм˹
˵θڻ治СȻһҲɵģӲˡҶŴһò˷һַסİЩӰĹȻӳ˶Ѩ˴֮С
ղ֮ϣҶȴͻȻһϤӰʱһȻôҲˣǿźɫˮأ
ʱѾΪصǿߵս̮֮С
رĽѾ˷棬ܵĳǽҲ˴롣
Ϊհǳ͵ϮŮˣ֪ȥӰӣûп
Ҷ֮ʣȴ˻ѪǧǳǱ뼸ɥʬչλս
΢΢ҡͷҶһָ֣ʱ׷ǧǼɥʬУ˹


712 
ҶûѪҿҲ̫Ӳˣӻ׼Ϊһ¹Ĺˡǧ׷ԼɥʬͻȻ˻У΢֮£æ̧ͷǰһ
ȵ־Լ֮ˣҶ֮ʱʱ¶һԵľϲ֮飬Ťβͣٱ˹
»£û̱ӣƨ¹ĹѽҶֺЦɨ˶ǧһۡ
ǧһȻǸ壬ʱһﻹΪԼӶգҶв֪ΪʲôȻһ־Υĸж
ǿһû˿ڵľϲ֮飬ҶеһϿһ顣
Ҷôյģ˵ȴǽ빬͵ߣûлųк£óȻȥֻȺʱˡˣ֮ǰһֲǿߣѵģǸһıֻ̬һһֻնɱǧƵɥʬǧ˵µʱ򣬻Щδг˾¡
ǸһİԣĶĵܵܣĲˣ̰ĲˣӳһҶ˵ȫϢǱ˻ȥ
ӸղŶǧ˵У֪ɫˮİȡˡ
ⶫǽʬزٵ챦
ͷһǶСģġ
Ҷ֮Իİ첻˵սΪȡɫˮȻ˽ս֮ʣȡʬ
ںɫˮȻİȡˣҶȴķ֡
С˻ؾȫϢǧһǳصĵطйۿİ첻ս
ҶΪ첻ѱİԳѹƣҪ˶ãͻܣһսѾûʲô
ǣܿ죬ͷԼˡ
ȻİԵ켼ȷʵǿޱȣĴ첻ƺѾﵽһȫµľ磬һڲϵ
ϵһ㵭ɫ˸ұĺ⣬ʵס
İԵ켼ʼʱȷʵϬޱȣֱӶ첻ϵһ㵭ɫ
ɵһʵ֮İԵ켼ȴҲ˺첻ˡ
ԭһ켼û֮Ķ治ǲһǰѽȻû켼ҿҪɱ𣬿ЦЦ
һ켼ǰ첻Ī裬ĵӰİʩչŵ켼ʱűܵѡ˷֮Ӳ
ɵŰʩչ켼֮ȴǰ˿
֮Ķİʩչ켼ʵ֮
һ̣Ҳûκι˼ɡ
췢һЦֱӰĹչԼĵɫչ֮
ȴǿĿİԵĹܼȴҲƿһ㵭ĺ
İԣ罫ѹ꣬ھΪ糥һЩϢɣߵɫչ֮ͻȻһȭİԺ
һȭʹÿе
ǰʮ֮ڵĿռ䣬Ťֳˮư˺ۡ
ȭ𣡡
һȭЯ޴죬Ȼ֡
ԶйսҶͶǧһȭöòϽ˹
ǧĶ֮Ҷһģֻ˫۷ڣһǹ⡣
ֱҶһŻָ
˿ܵȭ湥İԣȻóܸĳ
ӰλأһȴĻӰͬܵ˴һ㣬ٳİ
һգ۵ʱ䣬һЩӰѾǰ棬齨ʵ֮ܣֻǰλȫ潫İػ
һ̣첻ȭںݺ֮ϡ
ֻ䡱һ
ȭӡܽһ˲䣬ܣͿʼ类ˮ⣬˼֮ܵڲâͼı
ֻǼ˼ʱ䣬ܾͱһȭ׻飬˵ǹ⣬Ʈɢ֮䡣
һƵ֮ܵıȭȻѾ˲٣ʵʵİԵ֮ϡ
ֻİԡꡱһɫһ仯֮ȴһѪ
ͬʱİԵ壬Ҳʮÿһڵ֮ϣһĽӡ
ͣȻҲǰɱǻѽ벻мĿЦӴ첻Ŀд˳
ȴһ飬ʼİԷڶֹ
һȭѨһҵĻζޱȵһȭȴգ֮䣬ѾİԵǰ
޴ȭӡںɫ֮£ͷų˵Ѫ⣬ֱһȭİԺ˵صס
ģҲŹģİԵӵص״ֻʯͻȻɣаâһİѴӵص׳˳ȫ첻
˵սһ̣뵽һֹĽ֮С
ˣڶѨ֮Уݺύչ׷֮ս
սನ˷ɢʹѨʼݵ
о޴ʯ飬ӶѨĶѨ֮Уʯ֮ꡣ
һײ֮ѨҲܲ˵ĺѨĶʼѺۣ޴ʯͷʯһ㣬
ǻԵѡ
ҶòŶǧԶսʱ˵սನ
Զİ첻Ҳǳ𣬴ӶѨ֮Уֱս˵档
Ҷüͷ΢΢üͷİԵĴĪǿӦ÷ǳѽ
Ȼսʵ棬ǴԶŭУͿжϳ׵֪˭İԣ˿ѱѹơ
ҶǱƺҪҪȥһ̣ѵõָĶǧİ첻ѽѷ֣һʱûƣǵ⣬ЩԾԾԵζ
Ҷÿ׳հĿɨһۣſڵѾǲǳıӵ˼ҿǰʥ֮ڣڶȥҲ˼һڻ̵ʱ򣬻ĵȵȰɣȵƾƴһʱǾͿȥЩˣٺ٣
һ䡰Щˡɱöǧĵ׶ɴһ
ǧ˵Ҫһ̣Ҳ˵˵ˣûҪȥ顣
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֪ڵһ仰ҶɵȻĲˡ
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֮ϣմŵѪȻڿУȴǻţһɷǳ޵ƣڲɢ˳
ûãһնѵصͻȻٵİԵϡ
ڰйսҶǧ΢΢һг˾Ե𺳡
ǧֱʧ⣬һ취취
үүģȻ֪Բеİԣ֮ȫ첻϶ʲôƣȴû뵽Ȼóһ취һ취ܣѴﵽ춯صĳ̶ȣֻҪܽܳͷųİʵȫʥǿһսҶĵףҲޱȡ
⻹һμ취û뵽ȴһҪ֮¡
ڴ֮ǰȻٵĵطϣȱ취ЩطѾǼΪϡеˣһͨߵУҲԷӳĪܡ
ط취Ȼֻһ𣬵ܣȴر
취ǰطܣܵѹƣֲսݵ
Ϊ취طֲͬεıУǲᲢ۵ġ
˵֮УطҲֻʥӳܣʥʸʹõ
ڹϵĴ˵УֳֵطʥӵɽĪܡ
ÿһʥӵеطʥÿһع屦
Щ˵еʥҲܹҵıС
취ܴ߶ķ
ּķҲʸӵС
ɴ˿̣İԾȻӵһ취
Ȼ취Ϣôǿ棬ǲѷ죬ȥͬһд
ɢϢȴ취ܹӵеġ
ֻҪԸӦһеϢļ²ѡ
ڵҶǧ˵˴˿̶鲻Խһֶ·ӵĳ嶯
ҶͶǧҪǾսȽԶֵֻʱǾ͵ָԭ
ҲȻܵĪѹЩ


713 ʬ
ҶǲӦ׼·ˣӵ취İԣԿŰ첻Ҫֻܾ֣֮ǲˣǧͷҶһۣɫһ粻ɿ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ӣȴͻȻЦ·ΪʲôҪ·첻˵ĳǸսڣɼʩչʬԶҪСκεˣһôãеû
ǧԣ΢΢һȴٴγսȥ
ŷǼΪ취𣿹ҵʲô˲취أԭֻһдƷҼǵĶսһȴǸһ֮£ͻɱ˾ڲ顣һû취ͽѣҪһɱİԣ̫Цˣ
İȡǸ΢һ֮ȴǲмĴЦ
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սΪģԲ֮ڵĽȫܵ˴ݲС
ʱİѾռϷ磬̬񣬲һ
һν첻Ǳ֮ͻȻĿһתսıԵ
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ٺ٣õĺܣǾȻҹɥʬͼ˼䣬ȱ˴ͻٴе˼İ࣡
İԿһѨǱȥһĨм֮ɫ֮һ
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Ҷ˫֮һĨȻĹâֹǧĽȻҪˣɥʬܾܿŷŪġ鱩˹⣬ȻҪһЩһ⽫ⶥǵͷϣҲֻ֮ˣߣŷүǵĳ𣬿ǽˣٺ٣
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ƣڴ߶ʬʱ򣬲ϵһʵԷٱǿ
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뵽İ־ʹߵ΢΢һ𣬽žı壬ЯһȻĪܵܣ첻˹ȥ
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˿İԵƣƺޱȣֻҪһЩʱ䣬ֻϾͿԻָ
㻹ΪᲢ۲ɣ㣬ҲǰɱЩ֪ߵغѽʩչʬĴ֮С
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˿ЦǣĿŽͷ˳
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ݵλһǧɡ
磬Բ
Ͼ첻Ķ׼ʬġ
첻ȴǱİԷ˳
Ķԣֻ¶Լ׵ܵܣҲʲô֡
ڲ֪һ㣬ȴ̫ˣҸղʩչʬ䣬ҹ˼һ켼ܽ켼³ʬɵң磬Ҳ֮һսˣΪǵļһĪǻ޴ΪһĶɡ
첻˵֮¶һĹâЦİԣ첻ɱ㣬ֻὫץסȻش磬Ҫ˶ŷٷһУ
ңꡭİһ仰û˵꣬ɫһ죬һѪ˳
ˡһ
İƺǷŭ˼㣬޹ͻȻٴƮ


714 в
һǿϢ˲汬ֳ
İ¶쳣Ȼ뱯׳飬һ棬ͷ˳
ڰ֮еһ֮ҲͬüȶƺʱԱ
һ취Աûû飬һдƷܣҲԶԶǵطԱġ
첻һĻһ䣬ˡ
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һƵ취һԱ㲻ҪԼҲһƤɲӲ취Ա֮
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֮Ҫľ첻
ۼ첻ѾˣİǻҳɣֻͻȻһХ
ԶһǺ
ֻһ޴ӰͻȻһ֮Ծ˳
ҶĿȥȴޣȻ֮ǰڹȿڵһͷ
һͷٶȣѿ쵽Ѽĵز
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֮ǰôһֳ
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Ҳ֪İΪʲôҪɱǡ
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첻ʵѾǿ޷ƥеĳ̶ȣڵõһû취ܻ·
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ٴγŴ߶ְ֣֪㷴ӦûС
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Ӳ˵ģһ첻˳취ƾٶȣʱ׷ɱǡҶҡҡͷһεҪӣˡӵ˳һȴӲʮ壬ĹУû㹻ıֶΣᱻŷ첻˸׵
ǧ˵ףʵף
Ȳ˵ǵٶȣܷ첻취֮ǰҵһȫص㣬˵ŷڸİڣһǣҪǵ
ҵԸʥǿߵֶΣҪȻĹǣ˵һء


715 һӰ
Զ֮
ֻȱ𽵷һ취飬ҪٴĶúأڿڵĶ״ﵽһĵز
֮У˵첻ĿЦƺ׼Ķսˡ
ֻ˫һգһѪɫͬһ㣬ľסƾηЩѪ
һĽ֮ƴȫľջǱ첻Ѫסˡ
Ѫɫһڲȥͼǿ
Ĺ֮У첻ɨûɨҶͶǧһۣУʵڶѾɰв
Ҷȴ֪Լڲܶ첻ɰвֻȶԷ˾Ҳһٻɱˡ
ϾҶ֮ǰλķǱ
첻ԣ뿪
ҶʱûҲһ̵ġ
ʱֻˡһ
һѪɫ첻֮ӿ˳ȥʹþ˸ѪâǱѪˡ
Ȼ첻žԵʵһġ
취Ͼ취
ƽߣշһ˷Ѿޱȡ
˿̣첻ǿߣ뵽һ취Ҳһ׵顣
ڶʱڣǲôܵ顣
ҶͷתѸ˼Ӧ֮
Ҫʵû취ֻԡвһˡ
ַȴʵ̫Ҫˡ
ҶҲȫȷܣжǿ
һֻһռӣֻƾƣűȼ͵ķ
ҶóȻһУѰ·
ҾŻסһڹؼʱֲҲҪѽ
ֻԼǿĵƣ֡
ĵƣԸ첻ƺûʲôô
뵽ҶҲ˲ôˡ
ҧҧ⣬ҶҪƴһѡ
˭֪ʱһ˭Ҳû뵽飬ͻȻˡ
ֻ䡱һ
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ͬʱϹһӰֱӱѪߣֱӻΪһ磬ƿնȥ
Ķģ澹ȻӡĶһӡ첻ɫ֮䣬ֻǰһ׵ˡ
ͬð࣬ܿ
첻ʱһʱȻڲķӡشˡ
ֻʱ첻סԼСϵ˿ڣͷð˿˿亹εѪϴָڵ֮ϣһӢǲ԰ޱȡ
ҲҼͣԭأȫȥűܿһӡϮɱ
˲Ϣ֮䣬һĨˮٳ첻˽ٵʹ첻˰ٶǱ˿ڡ
ʬ䣬ֹ֮Уױ˿
й
һ»ӰֱӸ˰֮С
ȻֻһõӰӣɢǰԾµƣȴ˸Ŀӡ
»Ӱϴһɫߣ֮ǰ޹ľ˿УųĿĹâÿһ˿âų˵Ϣ
һ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٵӾڲ˳
˿̵ľӵ취Ĳܡ
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ֳ־ˣȻߣòһ˫ȴǳļµĹâһϮۣնڸ˼䡣
һӰûκεĶֻǾվͷ·˴ĪѹֻһãȴƺĮصܡ
Ķ㣬ΪҪҳ֣ѵ֮Լ첻Ű֮еһӰεľ壬Ȼǲֵ֮ͷ
֮ԼȻЧ㸸ܣŷЭ飬Ҫڵ㣬һˡһ޸鲨ȻӰ֮еһӰƮ˳
˻ԱϣֻһӰԳһ֣סһͳʧ
һӰһ仰һƹ⡣
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ʼգ֮еһӰûҶǧһۡ
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һͷ·߹ĵ˼㣬ǲȥ·ϵġ
Ķ㲻ֻһӰȻҲӱ𣿡Ķһۣñס
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Ķͷ
ȴĶһӰȫûз֮ʵԽܡ
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ֻһӰܽ첻һ㣬ȫûĻֵı𣬸ñ̬ʲôز
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Ҷٶȣ˵ǿ쵽˼㣬ӵһ˲䣬ҵǾСһȦˮײġ
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һ̣һְŽֱӳҶӿ˹
˻һеϢ壬Ҷ˲䱬¹
첻ķŭһҶһܵסġ
ǣһ̣Ҷȴû¶˿뾪֮ɫ෴ǣһĨĻȡ
ΪʱٴαвһΡ
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Ĺâһһң˳Ҷ˫֣ǳûƵ˳
ͨâҶУʵڲڡ
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â֮з첻Ӵ̣˵
ʵϣȴǿ쵽˼㣬һգ۵ʱ䣬ûС
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716 ʬ
ħԭһֱڰϻʵΪλҪ䵱ߡʱ򣬾Ҷһۡ
ֻһâѾǰһѪ
ʱһâǶһ㣬˳˿ڣڲȥ첻û˿ԥȻһҧֱӽǰһƬѪ˺
һѪһȥǰɭɭ׹ǣ˳
һâһ˲䣬첻Ѿ֪Ҫ汻һâԼ֮Уôһ̣˾ͻһâ֮С
һͬĹâĹâܼ֮룬˱֮ͬûܡ
һﵽʲôĴڣֻ۵ĹâȻܹҪҵҪ뵽첻ɨһ۱˺һƬѪ˿̣ȫ仯һɳ
һΣһɳ˲ͻһɳƮɢ֮С
һĻ첻һľ
ĶʱҲû˾
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ҪĶһѡԼǾˣԺֻҶĵط˱ᣬһʱѡ·
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ڶǧ첻ʱǱűľġ
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Ҷȴ֪ղŵһĻöǧǿ֮·
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ҺãȻһ֮󣬺ľȴûʧ
취ܣȻǸǵġ
һðĹ̽˵ѾĿġ
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ͬʱҲζһϾս
Ȼſһʥǿߵսô˵ľ磬ȴֻһʮһǵʡ
λ棬ʥأĵطͬĶĴڣܱȽϡ١
İĴڣһ
ԼȻǻʸڤֶĵطñ˵Ͽɣûʵвͨġ
Լʵֹڴ˵ĻôʸڤԼҶҲԼһء
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λЩţֻѾвˣ˰ʥǿ֮
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ҲֻҪЩţһ̣
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֮أʵȻǿֻҪصԼĵ̣ӦűֶΡ԰գҶˮײģȳǰȥ
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Һõ˵͹սԲδλΪģƽǧͻ֮ء
ҶȻһû˶ǧҶţŷˣҵԼ
ŷͨ󣬵ڹĹǵİʥǿߣûж١


717 ڤ̶
Ĺǵ˵ޱȡ
Уδԭʼɭֻ֣Ҫһԭʼɭ֣һ꣬ŷɳٶˣҲҵ
Ҷǧ֮֮һ·УΪǧڼ֮أһɭ֡
ɭֵޱȣ滹쳣ײеޡ
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Ķǣһɭ֮УżѨ֮ء
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ں˵ߣվߵĻˣˣǼžڵȴź˵
֪˶ãֻ˵УͻȻ³һڴȳĺѪһΪԹŭ𣬽ֱһȭһȭĺң˲䣬ͱ˴ݲгһѷ档
ɶ񣬾ȻˣУܷŹǡһ̣Ӱһͣȴ¶İǼΪǱݡ
ӣƺոճһ˵ʹࡣ
Ķ飬ˣֵܣҲѲ
İԺʹĽĶһȴ첻Ҷˣ޵õҧгݡ
İԿһۣͻȻڵڷ磬£Ϊ֮һ壬׷֮ŶصͨԼıԴ֮⣬ˣҳ
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·Լǰ˵ĵط
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Сֻа׼ˮҲǺǹǣ峺׵ĺˮȴδֻϺûС
Ҳ֪ǲǴҶʱʱܿںˮ֮Уеâ
ĺ˰ΣҶͻȻһʧﰡﾹȻһڤ̶Ȼһڤ̶ѹСֲôïʢ͸һ˿ԭһڤ̶Ūİ
ȻγɵѨ֮أȻǳŨǿڤ̶ȽȴȫһȼĴڡ
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ֻǾµķչѨڲʵµ㣬ӽڤˮ
ÿһڤˮ̺
˵̶ˮж컯֮ܡ
ڤ̶ƵĹֻҪ㹻ڤ޽Ŀܡ
ڤ̶ĵȼҶѰҵѨ֮أ֪Ҫ߼˶١


718 
Ҷû˿ԥˮײһסȻķҶСܣ̻һӵͼΡ
СܣĸСҶҧʳָĸС֮УĵαѪ
ĵξѪС֮к󣬾ͻΪѼѪ˿Сܵͼ֮ȥ̣Եķǳ졣
ÿһʱ䣬Ҷͻἷ¼ξѪ
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ԶԶȥһѪޡ
һѪ˿ѪĵײѪ˿ΪձҶˮײȥ
ʱˮײ棬ͻȻѪâʢһŭޱȵŭ֮ͻȻˮײ洫˳
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ıһ״Ψһİ취ǾҵöʧԴ顣
ֻԴλҶ֡
֮󣬿˵ޱߣöԴ飬֪ںη
ûκ£óȻȥѰңڴ룬ȻǼΪʵ顣
˿̣Ҷ壬ʥǿ߳ѹסˣ
壬·ĳĪסˣЧ
Ҷдлһ粻ƫƫԼո崦ʱ١
Ҫ
Ҷ֪ԼڲܷҪȻܿڽ֮УͱԷնɱ
Ҫģʱ䡣
ֻҪϵôзĻᡣ
ǲϵôСͻΪ֮ء
£סԷöԷԼɱ֡
޴ȴѡԷ֡
ˣǲ֮֮£ֻҪʮУͿԽҶ
˵Ϊ̫ࡣ
Ŀǰ˵ûа㷴
ǾԵ·һ
ԣҶѡִС
˵ĹƣֻǾԭء
ವһ
һգ֮Ǹȥͬһ㣬Ҷжأͽ֮ݺݻ׷˳ȥ
һ׷ʮףҶ׹ڵ֮ϡ
һѪ
Ծ֮ϵľѹȣҶûз
ȴǶĶˡ
Լûб𷴿£ԷһֻܵشûҪ
ԣЩԾ˿ͷ׷ɱߣҲҶʹȥ
ǵ̬Ҷϣģ
ʥǿߣѾ׷һƬռ䣬ҶӣҲ·ӡ
ڣΨиԷһʱ֮ˡ
֮ϰ˻һ֮󣬲ûٶȳ֡
һΣȴǻһ³֣һĳе壬Ǳһ㣬͵ȫõҶϡ
ֻ顱һ졣
񱩵ƥٴֱӽҶķˡ
ҶһҶô֮󣬲ŴһѪ׹䵽һôĽ¡
ҶǴ룬ûжܿʹӵ֣õǵѪˣǵȻһһȴǲɱ֣Īǲɱң
ɱ㣿ϵİԣ΢΢һһ·ϣǳ˲ٿͷ׵ȥܶԵסǵһ׷
Ű㡣һٶȳ֣кڹһٴһȭͷҶ
ھԵǰҶٴαҷˡ
һΣҶо·λ˳ܲסơ
˵Ϊ̫࣬ǲ̽ǵĹҲҶܳܵ˵ġ
Уٱȥˡ
˳̶ȵĹҶڲܷҲֶܼá
ʥǿߵĹȣڰ֮ڣԿŰɱ
ԣҶʱС
ϰٶȳ֡
ҶͻȻһ뵽ǰ˺ŵǸӡ
뵽û˿ԥˣͻȻЦϷ͸ˣڣǿ·ˡ
һ̵ҶȻſޱȣƺʲô¶Էصĵơ
Ҷ⻰һǸֵİˣһ㶣ǲһˡ
һˣĿһǹŹֵҶһۣȴԽԽһЩ졣
˰죬ҲûԷ˭
ҶͻȻĿ֮ȴҲǲ⡣
СһҲΪղŶǴȫûл֮ôͻȻú׳־ĪǱŰħ˲ɡ
һҲΪҶǴɵˣʱ򣬾ȻҳԿǡ
ͬʱһмЦٴŰҶһ
˭֪ʱŹǱҶ𾪵ɫ֮УһӴϢͻȻٵҶϡ
Ϣǿ˼㣬ˣҲһ޷еͷ
ͻȻƵҶ˵ϣ¶һɲɫ
ǸٶҶֵİˣҲæͣסĹơ
˿̣ҶΪڼٵ
֮Ѹٽ˰ʥһ죬һգִۣﵽ֮ţȴһľ硣
ɵʥ֮󣬻ûдסƣȻһ·ֱӽ˰ʥľ硣
˹һĻ
ˣһĿɿڴ
ʵ޷󣬸ղűŰûа㷴֮ҶȻͻȻ˰ʥߵս
ʱҶһһۣ޷Զָˣ쳣ڱһᣬñ⣬һȫʬ
˿̣Ҷ̬ſȫһ̬ˡ
վ֮ϵİˣɫǳѿҶ˰ΣһᣬͻȻߵСһҾͲᣬӵаʥΪΪղžͲᱻŰˡ
ȻǻɵҶΪȴûмڳ֡
һ˵УҲһɡ
һǸͲҶһʥǿߡ
ǰҶɢƣȴֲòǲš
ʱҶϢƣһʥǿߣȫû
ټ϶Է򶨵飬ҲЩȷǰҶǲһʥǿߡ
ǣҲͰˣǷ֮䣬Ϳ
Էһʥǿߣ֮١
һжҶΪǻɣһʱ䣬Ҳ
˭֪ʱһҶŴ飬ȴͻȻˡ
ֻͷȻһһֻ޴ݣϬޱȵľצֱͻȻԴץ
ȻֱҶɢơ
ҶдæһһֻݵľצȴҲˣĵϸ¶˳


719 һ
һֻݣȻǾƣһ΢΢һ뵽ʲôͻȻЦԭСӾǴ˵еĻʸҾ˵ôˡ
ԭСһϴַ˹ţʹǸ̫ζɱСӣ񵽺ãȻַƭǣѽ
һ˵ɫҲѿĺܣ㱬˴ֿڡ
ԴӳΪʥǿǰЩ꣬ûбŪ
Ҫһֻݣֻ»ܱҶɻˡ
淢飬񲻳һĪĳ衣
ʥǿߣ㱻һϷŪˡ
ߵŭ˲䱬
ϵİˣ˫Ŀ֮Уâһһһ㣬˲ҶĽǰһ̤¡
ģֵҶȻ֪ԼǵĶ֣ͷϲ䣬߾ȫʩչʽ³ֱһ߷˳ȥ
һǿƻǿֱƿҶϻֱٶȺݺһѪ
ҶûüվǰһӰһˣýźݺݵ̤Ҷ֮ϡ
ֻꡱһ졣
ˣȻֱԾȶҶۡ
ǳ࡭Űɱ
ˣɱҶڷǳʹҶ֮ǰϷŪ֮٣ǾҪĥҶ
ҶҲ֪֮Ĳ࣬ȷʵ̫ˣ
ûвȡ̫ķǽȫסϵҪĸ
ȻԷҪŰɱôӲȥ
˶ҶִСı֣ȻЩ죬Բ뵽Ҷʱ䣬벻Ҷڵ
һ飬ؼҶֵܼǸʱ
顱һ
һˣȰҶǰݺݵһҶĺ֮ϡ
һĹѵҶĶ壬յ˳ȥ
һҪȥȻ֪һĪ裬ԣȴȫʲô
ҶȻзŭ˼㣬ȴûбֳ
ǱޱȣһҵҶϵǸˣȴͻȻЦСӣ˵ɳĮһ㽫֮ҵȻһʹ졣
ޱȣ͸¶ɭɱ
ԭǲɱңǴֵ⡣Ҷ³еѪ飬վƽĿǵֽһʹ죿
ڻʲôʸּۻ۲ɣһһһȳֱӽҶɵСԱߡ
һŲҶұ֮ϣСӣɱ㣬ͬһֻףڸһᣬֽ
Ҷɨ˶ԷһۣмûУҪһ
ǰɣ֮ϽµİˣֱӽҶ֣֮֮ڸ߿֮ϣЦǲ֣Ҳһǳѵ顣
԰գͻȻҶֱӴӰ֮׹ˣˤһѪ⡣
־ɱңҪȻǺܿͻڵġҶȻⴴ֮Уȴǲϴ̼Է
һУֻΪʱ䡣
ԽǷŭĥԽŷĿҶʥǿ߷ǳˬҶҪûеƷֻһŰĽ֣
˵־һҽô֣ҶĿǹһһۣЩǵʵӦñһ˵һɣ潫ֽͲ»Էڡ
ߣСӣͷȻ䣬ʵ㣬ǵõֻ֣ύŷȫõֹ⡣
ǻ޳ܰһȻҲĿڲһ˵ǻὫֽŷԼֻҲŰɣмЦСϿҶĻ֮УǼ
Ŀ䣬ҶԼǶȥģҲܿɱ㣬ֻҪһ첻֣Ǿĥһ죬һ겻Ǿĥһ꣬˭֧ŵ󣡡
Ҫĥһ꣬ʵ㣬ˡҶЦСһۣͻȻǲһֱΪʲôҪڿԸǣΪһǣ
ߣС֮İˣ߲мƾʵٸҲ㣬СӣҪ㣬;Բȥ
ţǵϢѽҶͻȻվ𣬺ȻЦѵİûǣߵʱ򣬿һʬ
ҶΪӿһʬ˵ʬûУſɣǺܿͻʶʬŵֶΣ
⻰΢΢һͬʱʬŵĴˣ
ã춯֣ɱСӡ˴˿ûٰŰɱҶ˼ֱ𣬳־ǾɱĶΣҲûа㱣
֪ʱҶȴͻȻЦڲҪɱӣǣѾˡ˵ҶͻȻС֮ȵһҶסǣ
Ҷһ䣬ֻС֮ͻȻâһ޴ˮͻȻ
ˮ֮УһɫӰֻһ֮£Ҷߡ
˵ĹûҶϣͱһɫӰ˲仯ˡ
ͬʱѤõâɫӰ˫֮˸ûķ˲ͱâ壬ȫԭء
ڳ
ΪҶϵĵһҲͬʱڤ̶Ҷ֮ΪһҲôӲ֮
ʬϣûʲô
ڵʬȫת˾Դ˿̵˿ȥЩɭ֮⣬طѾһˡ
ʬԲ߱ԽҶľѪԶҶһֱܵиС
˿̣һܵ˶Ҷɢɱ⣬ȴǷһŭ˻𣬶ˣ¶Ѫ׹⡣
ãܺãȻʬƵûʧءҶǰɫӰҲһ󼤶
ΪһʬƳһӵаʥ֮ͷǳˡ
˭֪Ƭԭʼɭ֮УȻĵҵһڤ̶
ڤ̶ĹЧּ֮һʬ֮ڹĹ֮УܹĿӣɹһ٣ӣȻƳһʥļ
ԵưҲѵһ
֮ǰҶǰʥǿߣûа㷴֮
ɽʥǿߣͻȻһʥȴȫɵˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ż֮ʣһ˲䶨סˡ
Ҷҧڵһ̫أ㶯һͽˣѪ빦ʱʲô˼
ŰһҶȻʹȥ
һԣѪ֮Уһ˿пĹâ
ǰһһʥǿߣӰһʧҶ֮С
֪˶á
ڴֵͻȻΪĲ
ģŰӣѽɭֲ˲ҺҶУûа֮ͬɫ
˵ģֻ˵ȥȫѪ빦ʹ࣬͸ǳԳܵġ
ȻУҶǣȻûʲôʴȿԡ
ҪһĵƣڲҺģֻ¾ˡ
ƾһʵŰʥսҪͬʱԸʥǿߣҲǻһֽˡ
İȫһƣסˡ
ˡǣһĵʱ˾Ȼʧ
һűһ˲סˡ
Ҳ˶԰ʥĴڣʵ̫ηˡ
Ҫ֪ʥǿߣǼǿߡ
Ĵڣʥ֮µһˡ
ŷǿߣҲǷǳټˡ
ǿߵĵλȫЩİʥǿ߿Աġ
ͻȻһС֮һǿߣʧŹˣ
ʱֻּҵĽͷƤĳ̶ȡ
ҶָƺͻȻһ߿ڵһˣһʹɣǻø·
һ䣬ǱߵĲҽУʱֹͣ
ͬʱӰһһѾ»صҶߡ
һӣ͸Ƿ信ں˵ɫ˸߹һˣҶ˵һʬ˭ܿó
ҶųĬһĵ˵ͷһһ뿪
ҵһصɽȣҵһЩҩʼ
ͬͷƣһ˵ôµơ
ټҶϰ֮ҪָϹ֮ˣǺѡ
һɽ֮죬ͳ׻ָ˹
ƶԭ֮󣬺֮ǰǿ˲١
ⲢҶΪϲ顣
ϲǣЩһֱûͻ׵ƿƺһ˿ɶ
ηչȥҪ˶ãԼͿһˡ
õҶһ·ϣǸ·ʱ򣬶С
һж֮䣬û֮ǰĹ˼ɡ
ʥ磬ӵһ߿аʥǿߵǿҶ㹻ˡ


720 ʥ
ʱ䣬Ҷ˹Ĺǡ
ڼ䣬ǵķʽΪԵǸߣûȫһȫѪѪȡ
죬ĹǣǷ˲Сĺ䶯
İԽɳ׷ɱߣȫҶһָʬʽڳǽ֮ϣò˹ע
˰Ե磬ŷսˡ
㣬ҶȴûаŷҲ׷Ź
Ȼˣݺݻرһ¶Է
ĹǺҶҵһջϢһҹ
ڶ죬ʹһֱǡ
ǳأŷʮ֮һģ֮ĹǣҪʮ
ǳأΪ
˳ţ˿̵Ľֵϣ֮أֻżǰƶ
ſڵֵѱ˼ˡ
ÿһǵˣþ̲飬ŻУҲˣʹóſڵĽֵΪ
żܿݼʿϷɹأǽ
Ҷ鵭Ȼĵȴҡ
ΣֻĳǳأѾڷ̬֮ˡ
ûһһ·ɹǣ»治пܡ
֮Ҫǣٶ뿪ŷΧҹζࡣ
磬ǴĳҶ
һĽͨߣǵ
˵ģֻ˵ǳ֮ľ룬Ҳʮϰ
ǳصǣ˴һĽͨߣвͨ
£ΪصʿȴǷһּΪͨ
ˣ֮Ϊš
ҶУνţǿռ
ʱǴһʱһص㵽һʱһصͨһֿռصĳȻ
ʵĿռڵ֮ϣҲжദĽǣũʮּܵȵأſռ
ʷһЩطʧٵˡɻȣʵϾǽصʱ
ֻԵֽˮƽܶһ˵ˡ
ȻȴͬйؿռãѾʿŬ֮£չ˼ĵز
ʿԿռĲУֿռѾΪһĽͨߡ
Ҳ¿ռǵճϢϢ
ҲΪˣռҪԣǱ޿ˣ
ΪռĴСҲ¿ռ͵ľ룬Ҳгж̡
ͳƣռ䴫;룬ԶΪĸȼţţţţ
ŴԼһԴʮҲ֮ϣҲͨĿռ͵ĻѣҲ̫ߣһҲʹá
ţǳ֮ͨ
ּĴͣȵðþ̲飬ٻһʱȽӴĽǮܽд͡
ţȴǽ֮Ĵͨ
ŵǺܶ࣬һЩӴС
ҶǣΪǳĵš
ֻͨţٶȣ뿪磬Ӷŷ׷ɱ
ǣŹ
ŹͨϺʯ
رǵŹı־̣ģ߲ͨĿޱȡ
ĵطҡ
ǰعŴ˵ˣԲǺܶࡣ
һΪͷãʵ̫󣬶ǱҪˣҲȥ紳
ǣعŵˣȻǳϡ١
Щ֮УҶǿһȺ壬Щ˵ǰ඼Žѫ¡
ѫ£Ҷǰ˵Ǵ½ݱ־
ȻӵֳƺŵЩĵط
ˣһ㶼ϲĴ¡
Ҷƿһž޴ˮ֮ţ̤˵عŵĴ
ǹʱ֮еˣҲǳϡ٣ֻʮ˶ѡ
ʮˣһ˹Ĵ֮УԵúϡ衣
Ҷһ߽ʱ򣬾Ϳ˵ع봫͵Ĺ̨
ʱǴ̨һλϷŮЩ봫͵˽˵ʲô
С㣬عŵʲôʱῪѽһλ׳ֽһƷڹ̨ϣЩ͵˵ŷʲô˼ǾҪץˣҲýŹرհɡ
ң˭ȥҪʵڲߣȥŷۡǸϷŮǸ׳һۣȴûԹԵʰ̨ϵļ
С㣬˵ŷ֮ôĶǹĹǱ߷˴¼˲ˣŷɳİʥǿߣ˺ü
һҲ·ˣȴŵС㣬˵˵˭˷񣬾ȻڴŷӲ
ʱҶ֮ȴ΢΢һüͷ
ŷռرˣ
Ϊ˶ԸԼ˴ѽ
ԼҪ뿪ķӣƺвͨء
ʱֻǸ׳ڵС㣬˵ιرոǳصĴͨŷһλʥµµǲģ
˭˵ءϷŮ̾ϢһεҪʥ綼ϵȳ̶ȣŷаˣ治ˣ
ҶЦҡҡͷ
ÿռ·вͨˣѰ뿪С
û뵽Լ飬Ȼľʥ
»Щ鷳ˡ
ھŵʱҶɨһۡ
Ȼгţڰر״ֻ̬
Ҷҡҡͷûжͣųȥ
ԽڣҶԽǸеĽ䱸ǣӵɭ
ڽֵѲߵļʿʮ
Ҷ֮ͨЩʿʵҲôԺѿҶò
һ£ÿЩʯĿ⣬һɨ֮󣬾Զ뿪ˣûʲôǰΪ
ҶЩ鷳ǣʱʱְʥǿߴӵѲӡ
ѲӣҶÿȥǡ
ڽֵϵҶʼú˼·ߡ
ʵŷر˿ռÿռ뿪磬Ҳʲô¡
ΪϣЩţһЩš
ţûӪʸ񣬲ӮΪĿĵ¿ռ
ΪԹ˿ûаȫϵı֤Ӱŵ棬һ㶼ܵѹ
磬ǲȱյˣͨŶжصֶΣûܹȷеǵص㣬ԺŴڣҲͱȻ
ҶĵǣǷŴһЩڰС
һЩڰǷӪ˵ĺţȴǲ͡׿͡ٲƽǺƽҪΪ飬й¶˳ȥ
ŷˣܿͻ
Ǿ͵֪飬ȻҶ᲻ʥ
һʥ·һ
ҶΪ·ʱ
ȴһͻȻƮĶУ֣ǱظģǧԪһˣǵºļǮˡ
Ҷԣһһ˯ѽ
Զ˿һۣ˹ȥ
ˣһλֳֽȵʿһλǸ׳
˵ʵǲͣŰ벽Ϊ
ղһǳ΢ĻǸʿ˵
˶Ե÷ǳСģѡİҲǷǳƫƧûʲô˾
ҶĿ˵̸ȴǱ˸
Сһ㣬ڸԺŵĴѹǷǳصġ׳ǳĳһ£ֱûʲôɵ֮󣬲ʱ䣬ʱڣŷѾʥƽʱ򣬾㱻ҵţһҲֻûպţԱгͷҪ֪ʥҪţǺ൱صģŪãͻ¶СȻԷŷһϵŷ֪˽ԿźţҲҪԲˣߡǱѾ˵ˣǧԪһˣǾֻܵȵ߰ɡ
Ǹ׳˵⻰ʱһΣȻǱûаء
ʿԣȴЦεǧԪ飬ǰǼˣҲղѽ
ǵˣУżȨƣʵ̫ΣˣʱɥɣЩ꣬ҲЩҵףǿմգһҲ͹ˡˣ˲ˡ
׳̾ϢһȰһһԵͲҪȥˡ
УҵΪԼֵܵֻһ˵ʲôҲߵġʿһȻֱҡͷ
ֺ֣α˹ִˡ׳ƺ֪Էһ˶ϳ˿Ρ
˵һᣬһ
Ǹʿһ·˲û̸顣
Ҷüͷһ£ȴͻȻǰڵˣܷи㣬´һ˳糵
˵ҶѾ˽ٳ׼ΣҲ˴Լȥһţѵ뿪
Ҷû뵽ģǸʿǴ˳ţҶһ֮󣬲ŵǲӳӵУһ˳糵ɡ
Ҷ΢΢һ֮䣬ȴһ׳΢΢ü֣ⶼʲôʱˣƺʩëôĸģ


721 
֣ĺ֮ڽֵܣ̫ƽЩС£һ·ҪΪ·˳ӵ˵ˣΪֵ֮㻹ûж⣬İɡ
ʿ˵⻰Ҷϳɣѡ
׳ȻЩҲû˵ʲôȻʿ֮Ƿǳŵġ
ȻҶֻ͵˵˼仰ȴѾŪ״
˹ҲԼһڱ׷ɱΨһͬǣܵ·ȴûǮ
ҶȻҲûʲô鱦ֵǮĶȴôһЩ
˵ģֻ˵ϴɳĮõǺˣֵ۲ƣ·ˡ
ֻҶûǣʿʵ̫ˬˡ
ҶҪֱӡЮ֡ļƻҲ֮ı䡣
ϣʿ˵ˣʵ̫ټˡ
ԼһİˣԷȻ޽䱸Լϳ
ҶʿҲһ˿øС
ʱֻʿͻȻȭҽܵյţλҵĺѣӳɣ֪ȥʲôطǷ㣬ǿһ̡
Ҷʿҽܣ΢΢һ֮󣬶ʱæȭҸղ˵֮£ҲûʲôرҪֻλ֪ŵ緽ʽˡ
֪ʿ֮ҶҲûԼĿġ
Ǹӳɵ׳ҶһϳЩ˿Ҷ˵𡰺š֮£Ȼӽ䱸
ؼʱ䣬Ҫͨ뿪ˣô˵Ҳ
ǵҶĻǾĴҶһۣЩɻѵ׷ʲô飬ʱţɲһǵѡѽ
Ҷ֪Լ˵ʲôԷһ٣ܸ֮ŵ緽ʽ
֪ʿǵ֮ҶԴˣҲǷģЦ¸ǲ࣬ҲΪҵ˴ԲŲܲúųӣֻҪǽŵ緽ʽңҲһͬú뿪
ҶĻŵȫˡ
ǲǵҪʱڣ˭ú͵ɣҪ֪ŷΧҪʱײŷǹϣǾ·һ
Ѳ˵ɣΪֱȥŵɡƺҶȫû˽䱸ڽ˵Ͼպŵô˹⣬Ǹ֪緽ʽֻҲδҵŵڡ
ˣǾöлˡҶȻԵʷźܴĺøУǱϾŸոʶ˵̫࣬ɡ
ֻСһˡŰڰ֣ʾҶض
֪ʱ֮УͻȻһУʲôͻȻ·˴
ȻݵУȴʹɫһ䣬ڵ뿪㡭
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ǵӦñ¶ˣʮӣǾͻᱻ˽סŴ˿̵ɫǳѿȴһǸεҶѣǶԲסˣ˴ֻҲҪˡ
֣㲻ῪЦɣС£ô֪ǵ٣ӳһľ֣ɫò԰ѩ˫ֶ
ֻҪӳɵģ֪ǵˣһǸ򵥵
֮ǰȥŵʱǲǽҵűȥǵ٣ӦþǴӺй¶ȥġŵɫȻѿȴǳ侲һ͵ڡ
ⲻܰɣҵˣо֮ôᱳңӳһš
ҲҴˣû뵽Ƕͷ֣ôǵĺţϵˣڲЩʱǽӦ֮ǡȫûйӳɵӣһ̣Ե÷ǳ侲
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λѣ㣬ɣźȻҧҧϵ彣ȡȻҶ
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佣ǵŵһգ˵֮ϣ˿Ϊ˱ʾԼǸ⣬Ȼ͸Ҷ
ԭֻǶԵЩøҶ˿ȴЩ
ҶܵסԼбջ󣬵ҲǶҶ࿴ˡ
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뵽ͻȻڵѣ֪𣿡
Ҷԣɻû˵š
ȴû⣬ֻǼ˵û˵ţҲ֣ΪǴһǳصľš磬ڵΨһĲŷƵľţȻŵŷǿ󣬵ţȴŷ֮ϣ˵ǴΨһŷɵŷȻѾ鲼磬ţȴûаԼ֮֮˳ȻӰȥ֮⣬Ϊŵľųһҵˣʮͳ֮һȪֻҪ޼ɵǳ׷ɱңӦͳȨжţλųʹӲ¶ľųʵϾʮͳˡ
˵֮󣬵û˵ȥֻǺƽҶһۡ
ҶȴѾףŵ鷳ƺԼС
ƾŰ벽ʵȴŵһͳ죬⼸Ǳɵ顣
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˵ȴǽĿ˴֮⣬ֻվż¼ʿÿһƷǷǽƾŵʵԲҪЩ˵»
ѣܲһ£ȻһͬסңȻҽǣȻǾ˵ԼͽˣרŹץҵģǿܻһҲΪҵԭҲȪС
ͻȻڣȴ˵һҶ顣
ԵӳɣȴǺȻŭ֣㽫ӳɵʲôˣҾҲĻ¡
ҶҲҡҡͷ֣⣬вͨԼɡ
ܣѱһƬյء
ĿΧ˹
мǿǽħʱܻż
ˣ⼸ϣҲȡ˱Уȫһɱ̬ûҪ»ڵĴ㡣
һĻҲ̾˿֪һս֮ϣֻ¶һڡ
ҶȴûЩʿ׷ɱӣûз
ǵŵݣԼ뵥ųϹϵٽŵϵǲǿоյ뿪硣
뵽ͷ˵һۣڵ֣Ȼ˶ѾˣҲȥɣǵ˵Ҳǲɱġ
Ȼ֪Ҷ⻰ڰοԼǵŻǵ˵ͷ
ƾʵһ
ķƾʹܣҲ˶á
˵䣬ķѾΧ
Ҷƿţһ˳
Ѿһָʾһ˷Ҫʲôˡ
֮ûɱЩˣΪŪЩˣ˭ġ
᲻ŷ׷ɱԼˣȻµĿԷǳСҪȷһ¡
Ҷһ˳û˵ʲôҲӳһͬ˳
ܸ磬ôһˣԣЩ˻治ŷģҪȻЩڿҶʱӦþͻɱǷʡ
ҲɱҲɱɱһҲʲô¶Ϊ׵һλˣȻǸɱ˲գ۵Ľɫûɱ޹顣
ҶȴҡͷһЦЩЦĶ˭ͷ죿
ǸԣǲмɨҶһ۵ӾЩ죬Сӣǲӷһ
ԭ㣬ǹϲ㣬ʱ˵⻰Ҷһ˰ֵǸһ̵ļһˣȫɱ˰ɡ
Ҷһ䣬ֻʮѪӰڰ֮һǳ֡
ʮҺ֮˵ĶڳЩ׷ɱߣǸܵˣˣźֵĵڵϡ
Щ˶ŵľӢһҲǴͬһ㡣
һΪЩ˳֣ЩԴСء
һŵĿǰ⺧˵һĻ˶ȫˡ
ڵĲӣһУֻҪһ͵Ȫ


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ӳɣֱӱˣֱڶûӦ
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ѣǺηʥҸ㣬ǵŵˣûк³ҷȰòҪ¡һ̵ˣȻСҶϣ˵֮䣬ʮ㡣
ȻΪҶûɱǹ˼ݣԲŸҳвҶ
ҶȴûǸһۣתȻûعĵŵ֣ЩǲǸͷģ
ԣæ˵ͷ
ŵͷҶȴܵʬ崦һ£Ҳ֪﷢һУȽںȱ裬֮㻹ûд£Ҳһ·ɡ
ҶҪںȲ裬Լ飬һϲֻҪȡϵźŵԮܿͻϵһﾹȻ˴⣬ǲ֪ˡ
дϲȴûбֳźŵ
Ų㷢ź֮ǰҿ˲һʬ塣ҶϳʱͷҲûأֻһ仰ȴĵֱð
˿ȻѾźŵȴĲҷȥ
ܽЩʬһȻȡһƿӣЩҺʬ棬ټеʬ壬һְУֱӻΪһ̯΢ȳʬˮ
ȵҶʱǴЩʬ塣
ЩѲǼʿʱȡƣЩѲǼʿƿ
Щ鴦ܲʵʵߵҶǰѣģҶˣǲǿˡ
Ҷһ£ɻˣ
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Ȼ˳ĳ⣬ϳɡ˵⻰֮Ҷŵŵ֣߰ɡ
ߣȥԣ΢΢һɻҶ
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ͳΪ˰ɱţѾ΢šͻȻҶҸͳڵأǲǿԷң
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˵֮֮ӳɵ֣Ҫʱ뿪¾ͰˣһҪŵй
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ףӳɵ˵ͷӹƣҶѣҪûʲô飬ھͿˡ
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ҶԲ鿴һ£ȴʮע⵽ǡ
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Ͼڴ磬ˣǷǳȻĴڡ
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ׯſڴվׯ֮⣬ûпʲô˽ׯ
ӳɴҶׯ֮󣬾ֱӳׯ԰֮еһͤȥ
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ׯ԰ܼҵߣһλʥǿߣʵֲӳҲԴϱȽϹ
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ҪλѳͳֻҲӹȪɱ֣ԵͳѣǷǳġ΢΢һ£ӳɻǽҶڵĿеĵλֱ˵˳
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ŵΪˣϷ֪ȷʵǸϲύ־֮ʿˣȨı˽ѣûСֵܣܷϷΪҪŴ磬ѵҲ͵֮ǰһʲôˣ֪ʱú뿪ˣһŷץûʲô³ģСֵðգɨҶһ£˫΢е
˼ңʱܽЩ޹ؽҪ⣬Ҳ˵ҲûҪش㣬ֻͨ뿪磬ԻҾǰ֮ءҶ鵭ǳûаľ
⵹ϷͻˣСֵܼȻǵŵѣϷȻŵùСֵܵŵͳ죬㶼лԵʶ߷һĪЦ֮󣬲ŽŵˣȻСֵܲ˵ЩϷҲ߶ˣΪƽ̫һԺŵĴ͹ҲǲͬˣСֵܣɵˣϷɲŻġ
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ԭúŸ·֮Ҷһɫ΢һû¡
ǲǻҪͨŸ·ЩɻŷǳΣգܹҲǷǳģһ㷢ĸʣǷǳ͵ġ
Ҷԣûü˵
ȴһͻȻԶȻøǺˣ֪ÿ²ܿһΣÿζֻܴˣǿɵȲôʱ䡣
Ҷ̧ͷǰȥȴһˣǳ˹
ϣҵȼˣŽտԿ˰ɣһ֮УһЦʿݺݵߵһͬһۣҶǰЦСֵܣղͬĻǧҪϣֻǼ뿪Ļ»ϣܽó
ȻһЦ⣬ȻֻǸ߿ġ
Ҷֻǻû
һ㣬ɴĸɫĮưͬ飬ܿ
˵ʲôϻǵֻѹ˵ģǰǮ쵽ռϾͿˡЩһۣ΢֮
ϷģǲģһλСֵĸԸóһ׳ߵҶǰ´Ҷһۣ΢СһеóɣһЩǲˡ
»е鷳ȻϻûǮſռȻˣӦѾ˷ݵǮˣԣһΪҸǮɣҶ΢΢һЦһҪͷ
˵ʲôһˣһȻҶǿɵӵɫ
ڶҶǲһɵӣȻҪͷѣһǷŭ֮Уһ˿֮ɫֻһЦ
Ҳһ㣬ҶΪҶԣ١
λܷģҲǿȡᣬһ˷˵࣬ȨֲλǮϵʧˡҶ˵գִӻȡһ̽˹ȥ
ɢϢȷʵһ˷ɣȻȲʥҲһѵõıˡ
ٺ٣Ϊƾһ˷ܱס𣿡֮УǸΪ׵׳˶̽һ£Ȼ̰֮ɫȴһм֮ɫ
ʱһԵİߣȴͻȻ׳дһ仰
Ҳ֪߲֪˵ʲô׳ʼʱ򣬻һȻ飬ʮ֮ɫȴͻȻ
׳Ķͷ֮ϣѲ亹
Ϸ˵ģѾ˵ˣǼҪ󡣡߰Ǹ׳̸һ֮ȴɨһۣһ顣
Ȼ϶˵ˣҷλСֵдͰɣǶģߵĸ֮Ǹ׳Ҷ񣬶ֺ֮࣬⡣
׳һȴͬǲԵϴǺòײŴסһֻô׷֣Щ죬Ѿܾûˡ
ˣ֮ɫҪ׳ǵ죬֮ЩţֻЩˣȫȻ׳ĻҪжˡ
׳һۣҪҲǣñҡ˵⻰׳ҶЦСֵܣʵڱǸʵڲ֪ǵͳѣСֵܲҪҵȼƽϣԺлᣬһ񱨡
׳˵ͳ족֣һٿ˵ʲô
ԣЩ˶Ե˼ɵѣҪȻǸ׳Ҳ˵Ҷ˵ˡ
ˣЩ˵ˣҲûʲôˣȻǶѾ׼ˣھͿʼͰɡȴû˹͵ʱ䣬⻰һֻ꣬һɫƣȻֱˮ֮кɫƲŸոմˮ棬ȴˮ֮Уһ΢֮ˮ֮еĽ⣬ͻʧ
ȴˮ֮УһīУҲ֪ͨʲôط
ˣҪϷǷ֮˵飬Ĺؼʱ򣬾ǳٶǮҲǲܿŵģں֣Ǯ˰ɣ߿˿ˮ֮ǸУͻȻڵ
ͤеļԣ֪ԭɫУǺţͳһƱݸ˰ߡ
߽ӹһƱ֮Ҳû뻳֮óһĶֱݸҶˣŵǿռǴϣûﻤռʱշ籩ǷǳҪġ
˵⻰ָ֮ǸڵУ΢һһУǧҪͬʱ룬Ҫǳʲô⣬Ϸûǡ
ͤ˻ЩԥʱҶȴһû˵ʲôһǰһֱ֮УûӰ
ǲĶԷֽţո˵һ棬žǶԷ붯ʲôֽţҲ
ҴӰߵ̬֮УҲǿǶһǳɵҶŰ߾ԲûȤ
ҶһӰ֮໥һۣҲ֮С
ֱ֮еˣӰ֮󣬰߲һӣȡˮ֮еǿɫơ
˵Ҳ֣ɫһȡˮ棬ʱֻˮ֮һâˮأٴλָƽʲôҲûֹһ㡣
ͤʣµļˣҲͰ߽˳ȥ
ֱֻͤʣ°һ˵ʱֻͤһӺ棬ӰһȴһߣһɷֳΡ
Űߣôµģ˵һռֱӽСУȻٽ͵ŷôĿ˺šǿʼʱļƻǴĲһҴŷ֪ˣҶóԲˣߡһŭȻߵ
ÿռסСӣ㻹Ϊһ߲ɣǸߣͬһһΪٴﵽ˰ʥľ磬ǵĿռסĹһƾׯ԰ֻ»ᱻ߳ŭһɶһ˺ߣȴǼ¶ѡ
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˵ĹŷȻ̧ͷ죬ҲһһվĹŷָʾ
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һֲ֮ĹŷֱĪ¥·ߣԴӣӣʮʣµʮ򣬽֮㣬Ŀꡣ֮أ۷ʲôˣа˼ɣɴɱһǧҲܷһˣκκɱһе
ŷĺ磬һ֮Ӽˡ
ĿģԭֻҪɱŷˣ˭
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727 
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Ĺŷȴüͷ´ңھʸڤ˷ͻһǳǵ飬ûҪΪһӰڣʸڤֱӽ񡣡
˵Ĺŷȴ̧ͷ򹬵֮⣬ԶʵȻչҪӻһӰڣͷȥɣҲʸֱӷͻǻǽǸɱ޵ҵϰɣ˸ҴŷΧڻɱʥǿߣȻҪŷˣǾԲ뿪жƽԭ
Ĺŷ˵⻰վ۵֮Уɱȴǲ֪Ҫҵ֣һӰ֮С
Ҳ뵽ɱ޵ҵˣսĹ򣬾ȫ
κһΪȻսϻɱʥǿߣһ־ԵΪ
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ԣĹŷУӲΪɱ޵ҵ֣᲻սݡ


728 Ī
ǰҪһؿˣפһ˶ӣݴһʥǿأ˹أֻ²ôסһ·֮ϣΪҶܸؿʵֲҲΪҶһ
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סҵ񣿡Ҷ΢΢һ֮䣬ȴЩţƾһ˵񣬾жһ˵ݣ˻֮£ֻ»û˻š
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Ǿûô֣ǾԲܵ顣
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ȻѾҪһؿؿľ룬Ƿǳġ
ٵøһµ·ܳ״ﵽ硣
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ҪԼݣ·;֮ٴα¶ŷҪɱԼ˼ҲҪжĶֻҪǿߣһסһһȫԲѴ֮Լ
ԣԼûгװȫ֮ǰҶǶԴŮкøУҲȥġ
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˵˻Īݵ飬ҲЩ
ŵڣһܣ˭ǲй¶ġ
һţԼֵģˣҲֻԼ顣
һ뵽һŵļֵͲЩʹ
Ҷԣ΢΢һ֮ȴǺԥһţŵ꣬磬˵ɱһ̩ʮҲû⡣¹شûм֮ǰǲֵġ
ĪݶԴˣȻû顣


729 󵨵ļƻ
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飬˭ϣֻҲЩʳѰ
ҺֻһҪκ񶼿׼ȷҵԼ٣һҶԺСĿĳһֻеķݡ
ʤ˵ֺ֮ȻһЦ㻹ѽŷɳô׷ɱ㣬Ӷˣɱ㡣ŷֵʱ򣬻ʸڤ˾Ҫֵģ;ȴһֱȻԻʸڤҲǺ棬Բſȥ뿴㵽ֶܹáҪŷһλʥ̲ס֣Ҫжƽԭɱ㣬ҿʸڤ˻ٵһ£Ƿܴжƽԭ


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ҶԸӦһ£ɳϵ֮ľԴԴ飬Ѿۼ˲ٵ
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ֻҪһᣬʸļǵˡҶȻ֪Ҫ׵ļһ׵飬кξ塣
һϣһ·̸֮ϵ飬ٵĳԯʻȥ
֮֮ϵҶͨ͸ĴڼԼԯǡ
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ΡޱȵĹڳǳԪΪŨĵط
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ϻĴ½ռĵҲȷʵǳ֮
ԯǣҲֻռϻĴ½֮һĵط
Ҳ˵ܸϻĴ½С
ʸڤԪʱЩ߸ϵļԪϿڻʸڤϣһӣϻĴ½һƬޱ޼ʵɽأԯǵĳ
ݹۻʸ׹ݣûһܹӵôķء
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Ҫֻƶһ㣬ҲͰˣƾҶͷԣӪԿط
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ģĶͽ࣬ϻĴ½аһʰѾΪǧ֮Ϊҵĵ֮һ
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һʹϻĴ½ĸſЩһû£ͻܵԯǴ磬Ӷһ
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ԼҪа취ƽϵ谭ǹϲ㣬Ƭˣˡ
ƾ˹ҲĳΪʸļ
ڲƽҲûʲôʧ
ﱾĻشݣںܾǰʸûҵˡ
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һֹ¼Щܵı˭졣
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ҲΪˣҲȫƬޱȵĵ
ҪƾҶһݣҲôܷ⵽ء
ģ濴֣޳ȺͬԴɴӵϿ⵽˼ѽ֮һڵҶ͸;ķ羰ȴüͷ
ΪϸŪԯǵʵҶûֱӼԦظѡһȽƫƧĵط
Ҷһֱԯʻȥ
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һͿԿѪȵɱ¾ǳ֮Уʱ̶ݡ
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ҶУ˸ָĸ̾
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Щˣֻԯڲ񣬲ϻĴ½ЩǵĴܡ
ǳصĻҾ棬ҶԣҲΪ֮
ˣӦû뵽ʸڤ˻Ὣһ̯ӽɡȫߣһʸֹܼңٻ
ҳĸ죬ʤ֮УҶΨһĵˣҪȻҲܷ˻ʸٻĸԸҶˡ
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㵹ǴʤĻشҶĵģΪ˿̵ʤȫûҪƭ
ʤߣҶǾԲǿġ


733 
ʱǰͻȻһ֮ҶЩߣһЩͨİգ뼸ֻͻвɱ
ԯǵǳ⣬ʱʱͻе˽ӶᣬԳаյƣȶӡ
һЩ汲ԭؾ񣬻һЩΪְ޷뿪ľ֮⣬˶ƴһеҪ뿪֮أǰЩֶĵĵ
Ƭ֮ϣκǳ֮룬ʵ̫ԶңԶûкʵĽͨߣֻУϼ꣬Ҳδ߳ԯǡ
ңϻĴ½طط̫ƽʹƴ߳ԯǣˣҲڰ·֮ϡ
һЩܹ߱·;֮ϵգɹߵϻĴ½һǳأûнǮֹͨؿЩƽȻᱻ
Ǽڻצ𽥾ƽҶջʤ֣Ǽֻ޻ɱˡ
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ҶʻǰĹȺ֮У֮ϣżƣѲʿĿһ̷ֶԿ顣
ԯǵĻ˴Ӷ䵽ľˡ
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ʮԪ飬ָ·ɡҶһףʮǹԪ飬ֱӶǸʿĽ£ǳʿûʲôǮ˵ˡ
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ھԯǣʤԵЩˣɻûϿôٹ
ҲҪǣУһϣӣϣӣһ죬ᷢѿɳģҶȻһЦڴ֮д
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ʿ֮У׳ֻ꣬ǧˣʣµģ֮
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ҶŸһΪȻЩ̽ӻȥҪȻκЩԯǵ
Ҷɨ˹㳡ϵһֱۣ˶ĿеԴҶתʤǾͽˣпķʽѵǣѵ֮УȥģǼһʸڣԯǣҲӦøıһ·òˡ


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죬ԯȻЩͬˡ
һЩԯľһЩǳ顣
һֱѲԯЩʿЩʱ䣬ƴ˼Ѫһ㣬ȻĶ飬硢СΣڹ㳡ϣŸָľ²
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ϻĴ½޹״̬طǸ˺֮ͽ۽ĵطɱ˶Ź춼С
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ҶĻǼˣʤҲһȻҶ
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ǣеũȻѾոˣЩũļУȴûһȣȴЩܰ˸ɾ
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ʵϣֻũﱻЩϴ˸ɾһЩɽдԵԻǼеҲһһһգʳûи¡
ܵЩֶΣȻҶŭԣ𺳵ģȴ֮Щϰա
ΪҶˣű¶Բûũע⡣
ʵϣҶþԼĵİڳǼƣЩƽƶũҲδػ
ûб߼ʵ֮УʵвũлǰոʱĹɫ֮䣬ЩľĻǾ
չҶǰģ˾Ǿ
ȻûʳҰѳɶ֡
һ㣬ԴũлҰԿ
ЩԼҶãԼӦӦΪЩʲô
ϾԸⲻԸ⣬Դ̤ԯǵһһУϲɷָĹϵ
ҶһĳĬʤҲ̾Ϣˣϣ죬ֲ֪ҪǶˣԯǵ˿ڣͲˣʵǲѽ
ҶüͷҲ
ûǮûˡûҪǰ⣬ֻҪˡ
ԼļҵףǽҵȫҲֻǱˮн𲻵ʲôʵʵá
ڻʸڤ붼룬ǱǳΪԼҪȻҲὫһ̯ӸԼ
ҪӻʸڤҪãֻƲ
ҲҺʤԣԯǵ˿ڣǺܶࡣ
죬Ҷа취ǳϱġ
ˣһЩ֮ȥĵطһʻ
ΪûסĲҶʧְ
һܱӻĳҪ֮ѽ


735 ŵ
Ҷ鸴֮䣬ͻȻǰ洫ͯЦ
ЩҶһɨкڰǰȥ
ȴԶС·Ϸˣ
ͯͨũҵġ
һ̣Ե÷ǳа˶Ȱ
ǲ֪еĶѾܰˣ֪ڽĶ죬ǺܿܶҲ֪ԼĵطǶôĶӡ
ֻǼĵˣǳɰĺܿġ
ͯԶһվͬũ磬ͺܴˣƣ̬ԣ·ԵЩˡ
ߵϣȴûаƣԶˣĺӣЦݡ
ӣߣӦЩͯĳ
Ҷ鲻Խ˹ȥ
ʤˣæϡ
ϲСˡߵǰҶʩСӳ˵أ˻ģоݣϲЦ⣬ƺ
˵ҶȴͻȻס˿ڡ
ΪͻȻȻ΢ЦȴЦ÷ǳǿ۵ͬ˾
ȻתҶһۣҶƲ󻹸żʹӣ΢΢һ㶣ȴ뵽ˣӦǵǸùˡ
ǰҶһ֮󣬲һЦǰЩһܽǣǵȥҵĶϱǸӷŭ֮ϣǰۡЩƻܣôֻۣһţҵĶӣϱҲˣڼʣ⼸СһˣûõͷǣҪ˶ãһֻ¾ܵžˡ
ߵǳƽ˵һȫɵ飬ǸӵĿǰǼ浾˵ĺͯƽͷȻǰΪı·ϻĴ½ǽ͸˵ūţ˼Ҳ̫СһûԵģûģͷ̫ûɽԣһֻܵˡ⼸޹ŸոᵽãȻҪͷһµظͷҺΪ˾ֲǣͷҾޣҲ̵ģֻЦΪͷӵЦúĶ֣ͷΪģҲЩˡ
˵֮ȻЦУȴˮΣԵޱȡ
ı磬Ȼֻԯǵһֻԯǵطʱʱݡ
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ʤæⲻĴǧҪ룬Ͼʱ򣬳еϴٻѾˡ
һ룬ҶִϣȻðοңҲʵǰҲԯĳαӻԼ񣬲ܵ˺Ķ꣬ԯǲܶһˣҲܶһˡ
ʤȰ˵밲οҶҶȴѾתȥ
ոջصУҶŽʿ׼е˭֪˰죬ûᡣ
ɻ֮䣬Ҷ߳ԷɨһۣȴǸûʿأĴžޱȣһֱߵԺŷĸѪʿƣ
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һ·ȻĮޱȣȴǽϵǮƣɢԯǵЩƶ
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Ϊһ֮ӦĮ뵭ȻҶȻ޷˵Լ
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ȻԼأô֮ڵľ񣬶Ӧܵıӻ
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˵仰֮ҶһθһŵԶľϵʼΪ˵ʿˡ
һȼɭϵ磬һ֮ԶЩλʿ豣֤ǲϵѪۣΪˣǴûй顣
һǵĹ壬ҲԴΪܡ
ڣǵĳȴǺ˼׵Ĺ
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ƺǰĳĲһⷴԺǻûûһԽ̽Щʿơ


736 
ҶԶ֣һЩ˵ʿ֮󣬲ߵ˰Ϳǰ
һǳ뺷ļһϲʮħȻûҪ
˿̵İͿεĻ֮Уϵ˿ʵ̫࣬Ҳʵ̫Ȼ˿ϵѪһҽֶΣֹס
ҽʦרһҽʦưͿᣬһҽʦƣ޲ߡ
ЩҽʦֶΣȻ򵥣ֻһЩ򵥵İõģǷһЩɽ֮вĲҩ
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Щ֮˵ʿרŵˣǽʹࡣ

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ƷҩʦƵĻ굤Ҷ󣬵һνӴְҵҩʦһһϹҩʦȻõһϹҩʦĴУһֱȴͬС
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ƷҩʦĻ굤ٺ٣ˣ㣬ҲһʵֵϣôЩҩʦ߸ϣޱȣƷϵҩʦǻʸڤҲҵЩ˵ټҾ굤ҲΪԼű⡭ϻĴ½ɲһʲôƵأԯǣ֪Ҫټ衣硭£͡ΪԯУѡһõĹذɣٺ٣ɱڸӱˡ
ܰ˲ҶҪΪԼȥѰһ굤ǳ˶Ҷĸм
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ⷬȻǹڴ̼Ϳᡣ
ȻͿˣ֪Ҷⷬڹ⼤Ҳܵġ
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ͿԹֱЩԵļһҶһòӴȫӱѵ˿ڣŭһһССܣңҰͿᡭẦһܣңȡ
ҶͿᱻԼӣһ
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ʤҲε⻹Ϊϼγ̫ܣΪ˱ԯֵǮĶǵ䵱ˣҽ豸ȻҲûӹǼγĶ֡ҽҽʦ౻ǰγҽūūгҪȻҽ棬Ҳֻʣҽʦ
Ҷˡ
ǰγЩʲô쵰°
ҽҽʦǸˡ
Уҽƻϸƣʲôһ㽻гûУҶҽһͷƤ飬ǸͲסĵط
Уʤ˵ȴԥµӡ
Ҷüͷʲô
ԯǣ򶫷һƬɽһ޴ĽгʣǳȫΪԯǵĳȴȥϸĽ͵ΪһгԵ֮УԵȻҲϻĴ½һǳأȴǱǿռˣ˴Ľ֮СҲǧ֮һǻʸһֱжԣΪʸóȻĽֻ»ܵǿߵļɱԡ
ԸƨطȥˣھҪϻĴ½ӵĵ̣һ죬ӻὫЩͳͳջҶΪʲô˵飬ԭһ
ԯ棬ȱȱǮʣǳƶǳؽвãôȥ
ȻûǮһЩֵǮĶԵ䵱ݽȼü֮


737 
ʱҶͻȻоһǿԶ˹΢΢һδü鿴ʲôһıըƾ
磬ģ浱ĲɣҶŭ΢н֮зɳС
ֳֽ𻷣Ҷֱӳԯǵߵ㣬ĿɨӣֻǰʮգӿתݺῪأΪҫۡ
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ЩߣӦĳ޽ɣƵıУǷɽϬƥ֮УصĽ⣬˷ʤ
ваʥǿߣһɽи棬Īơ
ڽ֮еˣԼжʮ꣬ѩɫ£̤ۣĿ
ָݣͬһͣԼףֳһ;޴Ӱͷ˱ۣݳŭ֮״ҧгݣֻ֣ץסһƷ˷неǹйġӵ
ݳªɫӰӦ켼ǿᣬ𶯱УĽ飬˵Ľ壬Ҳ״顣
ƵĽ⣬̴ķ˵壬ֻЩ׷飬ͬײޱȼ̵ͭǽ֮ϣֻ׷ɣ漴ָԭ״
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Ҷ֣һڷɵĳзɳУһһӿӰ˲ɻҽ
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·ǧⲼƣͬУеġ
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ҶһֱΪ磬һֱ֮ϣ֮ݶ֮˿ڳЧ
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д󶨣ͻȻٴ׳˼УǷľ㡢ӡġȴǰ˲֪٣ֳĪܡ
ܲ˷ıУЩӦһףҲ֮һطѷɫ
˫ָһʣӰһֱۣʱչƣԶԶȥֱֻ۸һ·ɣͬӣϲǵصǱ⣡


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λʦܣ͵ѧʥŵľתԼΪΪǾ磬ԶԶѷɫЦĿɭȻ
㻹ҽϻĴ½ĵһ֣ҵУԺˣ
ͬʱ飬ȻϢҶͷ֮УͻȻһѪ⣬Ҷͷ£
ҶվԭزѪ£չַԲףѪ֮Уǳһʱ촷ۣ
ӣôôѹԺʥ۾ɵùԲһƷ˷ױҶݻ٣вȻ
Ȼ嵽Ҷǰʮ״ıҶӸߴֱ𶯣ƺ¡һ£ȻŹ
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죬·һ
Ҷͫ׽һ̳Ӳƴһǣ˶ѪӿվΡ
һջؽƣһ־ľȥЦǿΣɣΪԶȫӲ㣡
˽ɵˣվԶսս쳣ңиԺȻ֪ڶԸǵĽ֮ʱûжȫֻèϷӶѡ
λʥĳϣһۣһλ͵͵ͷŴϿգ㽫ͳͳУ֮ˡ
֪ڴδ£ͻȻֻҶͷһӰɳһ죬һ㽫ڴЦǺǵķ֮С
ҪҶǵӰ֮ǰͷѵҶҪģ
ҵᣬǼƷطķ޾ѪϣƳһ֮û뵽èˡ
Ҷ˽ɵ͵ϮΪ⣬нʹãʽǧ򻯣Ĺƾ£ĵƴģˣԴʹû¹ƴͽ˷ѾǾսΪĺƾУϾСү̫࣬ҪĳǿУǾ鷳ˡ
ʹ죡ʹ죡ɱ𣬴ЦԴɽһĶ֣սŽʹ죡
ҶüȻΪҺƾˡģҪҪϵ䣬ˣ
ڵҶϸ˼ž÷ԶĻҪ֣Ѳ
ϾûζԸһֱӴɱĶ֡
ҵбУǿɱ«ֻ֣УϾ취ûﵽ֮ǰԼͿƲǵܣһ취ʧأֱӽԷޣȥʲôط䡣
Ҷһ뷨սֹһϸϸ˼һ㽫һ˳ǹˣĵתʵ̫̬ˣ˹Ǿ켼ûжٿ֮Ȼˣֻѹ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһ«ɳɢƺӵһֻصƻ«һֻֻϹ޸֣ͬת򷨶ѹȥ
޶ãЦƸʹ죡û뵽㻹ֶΣֻ«ؾѹ׵ֶˣҪѹңԶԶ
ʽ󿪴ϣҶȦҶԴȥ
ҶһǹȦɣ漴齣סµĽƣ壬𶯱壬ֱӡ
ֶԸߣӦ֣ȹޱȣǵܶҡ
ˣ
һ«ɳڷͷ˫ѹȥ񱩵ʱŵʩ΢΢ζ켼ôʹ
΢΢ü¶֮ɫЦȻмʵֵδ䣬˵һһֻ«Ҷ֮зɳֻ«һͬʱѹ
ֻࣵһӰѹ÷飬Ӱеͳͳ䣬켼;תһ𣬲ʹɡ
ֻ«ѹ£ܺƴֱӽԭΣ
־ŭΪҶֶβˣȴû뵽ҶȻʹ˰Եһ켼ֱӽӰơѹ켼Ҳ޷ʹ
ûӰļӳ֣ᱻԭΣҶơ
ӰȻʥŵľķҲΪôܻᱻѹֻ«ѵϵȵط
ҶĽչʱʱ𣬴ȵѵ
ϸ룬æƴֵҲЩסǱȥĳҪΣա

Ҷ̳ͬ꣬ʮڹķڷϣһϸѪͬһС
΢΢üղһƷȭͷŸ߿ƣȫԸŴ˷ڽսûƵĻᣬܸɵ˺ޡ
ûõģֻأ޼ɵЦҵ֮ǿƷطӳ֣κεң
ôҶ޵ᵽߵı̬֮
ҪҪ«ֱӽˣû«Ļʵ̫ķѾԿƣȻֻҲᱻ«ɸʬǿл«ҵ궼һ֪Ҫʱ䣬ܳ׻ָ
Ҷ򵨱û«ݻֻ«ͻȻһ£ͼֻ«Ϊһһٽõͭ㶹
ֻ«ϲһɢƸӺƴ󣬻أԶֻ«Ϊʱǿʮ˾塣
Զ˽ɵߣ֪ˣֻ«ѹڹֹͣתһ½ӰӰеȥ
ࣣ
ϻ֣Ҳѹһ飬ھҪߣһֻ«ݺײĺģɡ
һײޱȳأһ۵˿Ѫ
Ҷֻ«䣬򷨶ײȥֻϵ֮ڴΧƷ·ɣʼսסײײȥ޷ѡ
ס֣ˣͷɢײѵļǱе
Ҷţнסֻ«Ͽײ
ֻҪ֣ͣұ⳥һʧ⳥ʮΣ֧ţнӲֻ«һʱƬ̣֧ţɴе
ҶЦˣ֣ɵʱԷһҪòãϵãȻŹˡ
ͻȻһֻ«ֱӽסʮֻϹڶڸ֣һſͼ
Ԫֻ棬ңҶβȻŭԡ֮УȻ̶ֳȵֻԽԽǿҾԪֱܴΪֹȻƽŪ
ϥ£ͷ䣬һſԪ飬˳ſ̳ͬ㣬ԪԴԴϴзֽ⣬ӿĿУЦԪԴԴϣҺΣ
ҶЦһèڷĻ֮ϣʱԪ֮зɳһ˲㽫ɶѵԪɡ
˴ȡһԪ飬ͬèһԸĨһҲûи¡
èڲϱƾִһЩ
㵽ʲôȻұ仯Ϊˣðĵӣ̧ͷ¥вսʵʵڶҶ־֡
ѪҶųеĺнķ𣬾Ưֻ«ϿգһŶ£«ռ䡣
ˣȻңҲ⣡תƣףһȭһȭںȥԿɽѺ
«𶯲ݣЩѡ
ֻǴѣΪǡҶƬ̣ɢȥֻ«΢һֻ«Ҳûüģ˽ɵȥ
ͣ
ͻȻһֱۣ̽ĺ˵ѹסңҾͰ˺飬ʶת֮
ȻӺ«̽һ첲Ҷռ䣬˺һѺۣ̽ҶҲòǿᣬԼܱȣ
ҷҶ΢ֱӽһԶץ֮УźֱΪֹһҪ³ʥŵ䡣
һпһۣ˵ͷͶ˽ȥ
Ҷֱߵ˽ǰ˿ûֻ«ѹЩΪָۼһĿҶ
ղҶ뷨սһǿþĶǣ˶Ĳ񻰣ֿɽͨͨİʥǿߣҲ޷쵽ֱֻεϹޣֲ
еλ˽ɵĳϣղǳҶ뷨ս㽫һ򾡣˿̼Ҷ
֪Ҫô߳Ƭ򣬵Ե𣿡Ҷʵ
˰Σһֱָ̧ۣϷ
лˡҶ̧Ϸȥ
˽ɵĳϼ˵ŵӵλֵܣǿܷ񻹸ҡ
Ҷͷ俴һۣλϲս˵
һ֮ߣĳϣΪʲôҪʵѹǸô˻ᡭ
Ҷ֮УͻȻ̽һֱֻ֣ץ˽ɵȺһѽǸץס
Ǹĳϴս˵
ǽеЩӣƬ򣬺йˣָʹȴ֪̫Ŀֲ˴Ҳ֮С
ȵҶԶ֮λϣҡͷѣкʧȻԶȥȥ֮Ҫţ򲻿ţ˴ɵĵӣ˽ɴ֮


739 ħ
ҶϷУڰζӦҲߡ
Щߣг϶ģ֣ĵطɱҲ˹ʣȻ鼫Ϊ
λֵܣĪĸͽһߴߣҶʱͻȻͣͷͷֻﲻЦ
Ҷ΢ÿɷ񣬹ֵôƺ
ǻȻǰʥ֮ϢްʱۣʱԪЦǴ쳯ܹ︮ܣһ֣˴ǰ⣬Ϊ︮һЩ¡
ԭǳǰҶȻ쳯ĳ︮Ǵ쳯֮жңʷƾãԴԶ쳯սĪĹѫ
Ǵ쳯֮Ƶ֮һλԺգæЦҳǰĵӣݼߣϵܿ𣬽һϸ磬ˡϵܣôƺ
ҶγߣϸָһҶǫѷ
ԭҶϵܡȻûҶͷкߵһŮЦǿҶ塣
һŮǳ︮ӵܣʹжʮ꣬СŮҲʮ塢꣬˼ҶᣬЩ̫ԸǰګګҶ塭
ǸŮг޹Ž𻷣΢΢һ𻷱죬Ȼĸ۰߶
ŮĹĵĵҶͷȥһСôܵ˼塭
æһۣЦҶϵܲҪ֣ҼҸŮ׹߻ˡ
Ĺĵ壬ûҴ󣡡
Ҷ΢΢һЦƵϸģֶŮһЩҲеģΪ壬ôһʶЦֶŮ屧
ñףɰ֣Ҷ壬̻ȥԺҲҴ
ᣬֻګګҶһ塣
ͻȻҶһ̧ͷԶȥֻ⼸ʿХЩʿſΪ񿥣ЩƥȻĻ֣ӴۣѪ
һڿбɣ硣
һʿ񿥣ȻѾ׻ԣʮףֻۣצββڿζˣȸɲԽûҪһЩ
ҶһֻۣЩʿΪΪҲɱͬһͷ̲ͻ
ŻʿѾʥޣƽʥ֮
Щʿ֮ʱƽ˾ƽͬһӳɹʱӢˡ
ҶϵܣǱպù۷񣿡ɫЦʵ
ҶͷǸ֣Ż˭
ȵ½ʮ֮һĽҵĽݸ磬ҵĺӵܣһָͷ㣡
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪ⣺ô壬Ǵ󲻾
ЩѪ
Ҳ¶Ľ֮ɫĽңұΨһĴңǵݲκһ쳯ӵܣֻҪ츳ԽĽҽ졣Ϊ˵쳯ĴߣڱĽݼ塣ЩĽңԽԽ׳ʮǰ֮ڣ֪Ƭʲô飬ȻҪͶ
ҶȻĽҲһӵ۲ŴԵİȻһ֮Ӵһ
ҳ︮вҪĽңϧޣÿһ꣬һҳ︮˲űв˳Ľ졣
ЦҶϵȤҲԼĽңĽңɣʲôˣֻҪʳڣӵ㹻ǿʵԼ롣
ҶҡͷЦĿǰʵĽңȴҲԣŹɭϣ̫࣬һɢˣʱû뷨
ţҲͷͷ
Ҷ֣̽ŮԴԣ֣Ƭǳԡ
֣ۻ裬ЩߣȭͷͷĴ̧Һ䡭
סЦĵһ޷죬Ҷϵܣȴһ㣬ԱҲãĴǻ
ͻȻָǰЦҶϵܣǰﴦҳһأϵȤǲϢգŸ·
ðЩ·ҲˣҸطϢһ¡ڳɵҶûоܾ֪ԷǿӵݣҪô
ȻˣԼúһӵݣǶԲסһݡ
︮լ
һ᷿֮С
Ҷ٣ִˣڤѹèҶеèü
ղںϴһʥŵĵӣһéʯͷֳӲôã˵ȻġҶǸڻеķҲһơ
ղҪڳ︮ķլţ֪Ҷٴˣʥŵĵӣ㶼ɱҪǲܸ㶨һǾ鷳ˣèӹƬռݳҶռ䡣
ģȻҸҰһŪռ䣬һаƷֻڻʱ򡣡ҶӣЦͻȻֻ֣Ϊ˷°ɣ
ߣǰͣʹʵҪָýһЩѪˣèƲƲ죬ͻȻèһеˣҪѪ͵Ƭռ䣬ڣ㻹ȺúýӴһ˰ɣ
èδ䣬Χӿһֱ֮ӳռ䣬ʧԭء
ͬʱһŵĽŲҲԶ
ʣˣҲĴ𣿡
˭˳ķҶһ̽ͷ̽ԣηηˡ
ǰʫ˵ۣҵ֣죬Ǳڳ֮︮ڵѾкܳʱ䣬ڳ︮˾λһְһӣĿҶ
ӻûںɫĶУȻʮֿ࣬һ۾ܿһϵӡ
ǴӵĻ֮䣬ҶȴһĵŮֹ˸оǲ
ۣҶէһʻ㣬һ£漴뵽йϢ
ĵӺͱߣе㲻ͬ洫ӣһصĺͨǩԼ
Щͨ˺洫ǩԼ֮󣬻õ洫ӵĲʵҲᱩǡ
ֺ洫ǩԼԼˣڲǡۡ
ǵġǻ˵ŻѵԼĺۡ
£¶һɫ԰׵ӵס
ǣ׾ŤƤ䣬Ұ׵ݣ¶˽ɫ
ˣ沿ٺͣڼ仯ţƬ֮һǰ͹̣پµŮӣͳ
ȻӫֻۣӫۣӵαװεһĻǼʶҶ̲ס̾
ܿóǰŮӵ󣬾Բʲôؼûģǳ׵׵ıΣڵÿһ˿ң˿ûв٣ʵʵڴڵġ
ǵģǰʫ˴ҵҶȣŮ΢΢һЦ
㱾ĿҶϸĹ۲š
ǵģӫ洫ӣֻܺŮǩԼ
ȻӫˣҶŬĻйӫϡ
ӫĵӣùȫŮԳԱɣͨصķʽˣÿһ洫ӣԵĸߵȼӰÿһӴǵ֣ǲǿҵĺøС
ʴʲôȺ壿̽Եʵ
Ҷһϵݣ˹ȥʵǱ︮ʲô
ִоƻȻ˵䣬ѾȫҶԼ˿ˡ
ڴ쳯֮Уܶĸ߲㣬ӫһǱӰӫۣԱ仯ڲȡ˵ĺøУֹʺϲˡ
ԭֻȨľҶ˵ͷа׹һҪɱǰŮӣһ仰ȴҶĶ
Ѱŵ𣿡
ţеϤĴʻ㣬üͷ˵ĿǶǰ֧ħţ
Ȼǿһ֧սˣ˵ƾţ׼ɱﵣڶȡĹ֮λʱʹõģϧŻûͷųѾĹɱˡ
ô˵֧ŻڣҶЩʣ벻ѾɣǾŻܶڴ½Ǳ꣬ǣˣʿɣִֻ֪ûκӡ
Ȼڣֻ˵ųų֮⣬ûʶսܣԣӦǱʲôطˣֻҪҵ֧ţȻѪǣôͿƿ
˵̾һϧ򿪵άѷ죬̫ϸСˣʮֲȶϻĴ½ˣʵ̫٣ҪȻôСѰš
˵Ƭ½ӣӦ֮٣԰ɣҶѾɱĴ㣬ǰۣС㡣
Ҫͨ˳ϣҵǣǸšҶԼС
ţԯǣϴģͿԱӪĹ


740 ︮
˰ʫʲôطҶ΢΢һЦ¶˺ƵЦݡ
شˣǱڴ쳯ĳ︮ѾɹǼ߲ڲ˵ţ¶˿Цɫ︮ˣļ塣벻ǣһļ壬ҲôûǶѾĴڣ︮ҲǸгѪ֮Уһ˿ĴСǸŮ˵ʵСĿԣûѪϵˣǿ
𣿡쳰ЦɫҶţӣʵӦñǿϲٰɣʲôʵ˰ʫʲôȼ
ںǩԼ֮ǰһ𼶱ߣڵĻӦǰʥһǿߣӵкܶӫ⼼ܣӦܺͰʥǿһƴ£ǰʥ죬ۺʵ൱ڼǿߣ
֮⣬ﻹûбۣҶʵ
ش˵ĻӦû˰ɣϾһ洫ӣֻӵۣ½洫ô٣ôƫƧĵطһۣ㹻סˡ
㻹ͦšҶɫˣҲûʲôˣȵɣ糿ʼʱȸңһȥ쳯˼һ棬ȥɣ
ǣˣҶķԸ̵ͷ˿ˮ뿪оͿԿȺڣȼƶʮֵɭϡ
Ƭ򣬵쳯ŴͣҲ˰µʱ䣬һ·ϣҶһ˵ûʲô¼
һ·ô˳˳ˮн˴쳯ģҲС춼
һУͱҶڸ㹻ĳͺ󣬴ˣ̲˰֮󣬽ĶС
ˮͷܶ
һ޴Ķ֮ڣҶͿ龰
Уǹģ˿ܶȣԶԶʥ쳯ֱ½춼ġ
ֵ֮ϣǸʾŶʢϢ
ɶʢϢ֮£ҶȴҲ֮
ȻİӿҪ˲֪ٱģϻĴ½ӵķأڼȻôﴴ˹ȣһ죬ӻҪǺÿġ
ҶڿϢԸȥȥˣ֪ͨ˵пˣ͵
ǵģˣ˵ͷûӵ֮С
һ·ϣȻǰˡΪɻ
ɭϵĵȼƶȣҶҶʷֺ˿ԸȻհ졪Ȼ춼ҲͲóҶ֮ˣһȻ˴
ȥҶҲͷˡ
߰ɣȥ˴춼ĳ︮һߺŻҶһһ˷֮еĳ΢ЦֶŮúðһļ塣
òٴαߡ
ʱһĽŲʹԶ
ã𣿡ŽŲһ𴫳ģһͯ
󣬴ͥԺڻܳһֻ߰СŮһһĳ嵽˳ǰ˷֮ɫԱ
ã㣬㾹ȻĻˣ
ǡϽ㣿ԼǰСŮϸķֱ˰죬ŴҵϤĸо
ǰҾĽ㣬￨С㣡СŮͯ˵ϳɵĻ
㣬ôôˣϤǻȷ˵ݣϵıȴû˶ı٣һʤղš
ҵ죬ǲʲôӣôͱһСŮأ
Ųʲôأһ𾪵ӣ￨ƺ⣬ЦһӣĸоǺܺ𣿡
ңôӵģҪ֪Ѿʮ˰ո˵СŮʵ䣬ͻһʵʵı
ȥģ˼һʮأ˵ţ⡰򡱾ȻӦľ͵˽
˵ðȻڿôᣬɴԺͱҽˣҿԺҽ㣬ã㿴𣿡
СɡҪ󣬳εĵ˵ͷ˵㻹ûңôӵأ
ӦഺǼҶǰһﳤ￨ش˳ʡ
ô֪ഺǼҪ֪ҩ쳯ҲǶһ޶ģӦ֪ĴڰҶһ￨ע⵽βһ˻ġ
ðɣ򵽵ഺҩӦþǴģҩߣӦûסļУⶫȻŻָഺĹЧһ¾ͿˣԼСӵӡսҲӰսķӰûĻѾǰ𼶱߰ɣ벻ﵽּߣôɣ
ҪܣСŮĶ½ţȴ¶˼ɫ
壬˭￨һֱûпڵĳɣʵ
ǳ︮ѣ춼סǳ︮
ԭУȽȥ˵￨˵ͷĿҶһ֮ų֣͵ȽǺͥԺ
ҶҲĬĸ˽ȥһߣһĬĬĸΧ۵ɶ
ǼûİŮˣӦǺƯ֣Ҷһ߸۵Ϣһ߿ĺͳ￨ڨ
Щʲô
ˣǸˣƺǼ塣
Ҫҵ˽ʲô֣￨ڵ죬˼ɫҲԽԽŨ
Ҳ֪Ҷʵش
ȴȥҵķ䣬СҪ졣ҶĻش𣬳￨ͻȻΧ³һȺͻȻ֡
㣬ʲô
ҿɲκˣǳ︮ȹأ￨е´ָָ֮Ҷȵ㣬ҹ飡
Ǻǣͳ̳ˣԻǸߣҶҡҡͷϧϧʹôߵľԣȻ˻˽
ϻ˵˫һɱ߳Ժ
ҶҲ΢΢ķɨһۣȥ
˵Ժ󣬳￨תһɫ
һ棬ϳ̷ҩģϻ֮ݺܿɰ￨Ҷ˫ۣЦˣ㻹һۿҵʵҼǵƾϵʵӦûûң˭ӽǳңʲôĿģ
ҵֽҶҶֿʼ겻ҽܡ
︮ĿģҸղѾˣ˵ģǸŮˣĿģ㣬Ϊʵ̫ˣ㣬ûкô鷳
ҶȻĽ͵˵ĻʵֵĮǻǾ䡰ʵС￨ͱζ
ǺǣҵʵС￨ҶĻ۾΢΢һУûʾǿľΪ
ҵʵҪ֪˵仰￨Ȼ΢е˫ۣͻȻͨƣɫͬ͸ֽһʶĿ
˹վûɢһǿƣҲûһй֮ͨ⣬ȻȫȻı仯
һĻҶȴ¶͵ɫ
˵Ҳ˿Ӳ˷ľ磬츳ǳĺãƺ
ϻҪ̫࣡ûҶ˵ʲô￨һȣһ˾ͬһҶʳָ£Ԫ֮â̳һָҶĿ£ֱȡҪ
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һУҶͲһˣֱ׵ĹȻЧʣҲ׶ܡ
ڶֳֵ˲䣬ҶĹ·΢΢һ࣬ÿĹ
Ҳʱһ崿˳
ȱˣһԺһʮ߰ŮģȻǸոպҶֵ졣
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һ˭ˣкøеŮӡòŮʣ崿ˣֱĵĲλ
ҶǰŮ̲ס
Σˮһ崿ģ


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ǵģѾϳ￨㵱ˣհͣԺҰʫͺˣ
ԭ벻ѾֵܵزˣҶ￨ԾıŰʫȻ֮ɱΡ
￨ôʦô׵ӫٶЩҶֱⳤ︮ˣᱻ̳ʲôӡ
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ȴû˿ôǹǰĻԣһϿ˵ǻۡ
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ҶһֱΪԼһˣȴ֪Լô̵ʱڣôµĻԡ
ԭ˵ʫĽͣ￨˽ģƺȻ̫ϲսҶ
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ǺǣлˣҶӦ
ڳ￨̬ȣΪ裬Ϊȫ˼ǰǻ۳Ⱥİʫˡ
￨½䱸֮󣬽飬ͼ࡭ڵ֮󣬷ſ˶ҶǣƣһڹܼҵĴ£סһıԺ֮ڡ
ϣҶûиκ˵Ҫһ᷿ԵȴҹĽ١
ҹģתۣѾҹʱ֡
⣬һĽŲĽӽˡ
ɣûŲҶк
ҲӦ򿪣ʫĽŲ˽
飬ҵ춼˵ˣƺǺĴˣʫ֮ĺ˷ţһľչ
ǵġҶֱ̧̧ۣһɫ֮һչʾ˺е
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ҺĹǧ򻯣ӫֻսɱϢһҶģźɢɶͼƭʫ
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ϾӴĵһˣңƺŹڡšҪ鱨
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Ҷ飬ʫĴЦ˵ʵֱ͸ˣֻа׳ղŻ˵ʲôһһĹƨԣ
ҶʫЦţ֮ȴһת˵أҪ鱨ҿȫ㣬ΪģһΪϾˣȻǺˣǸı䲻֮ڶ˵ȷʵԣҶȡǸţһİնûСԣҿ԰֪Ķ㣬һˣǾͶһֻᡣ
ٺ٣ĺ͸һˣҶЦԼ֣ңϲ˴򽻵
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ȻԼɡĬĬĳԼƣҶЦż˵ô͸֪һаɡ
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˵ֱǶԵģʫķӦϻĴ½ʱƾһ֮һʥŵĵӣǸ˵ľתķѵ˵תԣǽֻ֮ʵӦǿϢ
ǵġʫ˵ͷôأҲϾˣǶͷҲӦòڳ顣
ǣ;ɡ˵仰ʫ֨һҶҲ˫ۡ


742 ϤϢ
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ڶ죬һ磬Ҷҵ׼ѧԺĳ￨
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ٸ˵һҵ䣡Ҷö֮˵Լʮ꣬￨Ǳĳ񾭣ͻȻͱŭһСŤһţͨĴеѵ𣿡
ˣˣס㲻ϣǲʮС򣡡Ҷ￨ӣ֪Ľɻ⡭
˲ͷ亹ЦŶӣִӿһ״ı˵ôСܲܰһæ
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ѽ˼ŶֻֿܸʾҶ£ȻСյĶߣ˵ܣҿȷĸ㣬ѧԺһԺͱ̤ѧУһ
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ҶԶԶĳ峤￨ֲָѧԺЩչΪЩ߲Ȩޣѹ˲ţ
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յͼıȶԣҶȷǺɭĹء
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ǵ·ϾˣͷӿнĽŲ·ʲô˼һ˸еϢ
ҶȴȫѹһϢɵƿ˴ţĹԱûпʱʹĽкɭ
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һǳͨͷҲΪͷĳ֣ڳйԱı鶼һ˲䲻Ծ
µĻЩӸλˣ¼ǰЦͷӡ
ϤϢϤϢͷһߣһʲô۾¶òйڴͻҡ
һĿ칫ҵӣԶԶĿվſڵҶȻɨеǿƣ˾һ㱻ԭء
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ǵģǽȥİɣû˽˰칫ңҶ˿Щòڰ칫ʵעߵԱǣЦЦ˵Ҹĵطģ
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ΪӰѾǴˡȨͨ족ıǩˡԶҪǡ֮ڡ
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ǰһĸӤڤˣżȻӴֱԵ󣬲Ĺ
ڤˣһֱԼˣûɭԼ϶ڵͱҰ޴ߵͣûɭнĳɾͣ
ԣԻڤĸ飬ҶҪŨңǻڤĶ飬Զġ
ҶԻڤȥ϶ԥ
Ϊڤںɭ˵ͬΨһл
ʵǸ岻Щŵ۵ӣΪЩëǹǿ޵ģ˭ܵˣɭӣҶüͷַ
ԲˣЩ鲻Խʧ̬ˣѾûˣЩʧ̬ȥ۽ǵˮɭһЦ˵Դ뿪֮ÿÿҹǰÿĳطͻȻðӵϢҶȥȺ򣬵Щĵӣȴͬˮһ㣬˿üš
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ʲôæ˵ֻҪҺɭܰ쵽ģƴҲˣɭԼػػʸ壬ܳΪʽӣ涼˷ܵı顣
պ˵ʲô鶼ôׯأʲôģõǰƴ𣿡ҶƲ죬ôˣСָͷ㣬ҽ˵飬ƴ˾ܽ
˽ѵǡҶЦԼɭ¶˲ɫϧʲãõڤ˵ָ㣬ֹ֮ûߵĲΣľɵҲ˵ˣҰʲô飿


743 һ
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ʶɭæͷҵͽܣģҵ켼һû⴫ѧģԼûйĻܡ
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˲Ųĸ߶Ժͳ־ԣڴ쳯ڣһ˴ѧԺ͵ڰֻ̤˹Ȧ
˼˵ҵѧֻҪ̫õģ϶ܻһЩãٲãҲܹȫʵ
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ǵģҾѧԺ֮ڵѡʿԣһС˵ţɭͿ첽Ҷ˵·
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ִУɭ͵ʷƾõѧԺڣʵʮУƵģУͷͳУڵһѧԺУЩ¸صԳ겻ѧԺֻðʮִУֹУ໥ԼȨ
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ôˣɭҲһȣżû㣬ôԼŪôС
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Ҫұ죡ɭʢŭ֣͵ҶֶԷû֮󣬲Ų˲亹￨ȸҽȥҽҪúý㣡
һ谮мӵʦƺŭ￨Ҳҹÿͨ칫ҵ·
ҶһС˵־ɫüЦųԱĳ￨Ƶζ
ҵţźɭ߹Լûע⵽Լʱ򣬳￨Ҷһ͡
ôҶҲһͣ͸źɭ˰칫ңȻҡڵһƨм䣬ǱӦڳ￨λϡ
վ￨ҲܲҶˣŭѾ֡
һô￨ȻԻʸ䣬֪Ҷݵĺɭæתƻ⣺ߺͳൽôŪã
ҩԵġ￨͵۾ȴȻĶҶʦʲôˣΪʲôô
һѡɭ˵֮󣬿˿￨ɫ˵һǳǳõѣϣһӦñһҪʮȥɭ˵껹أֲһ䡣
ûУҪңҶЦţ˰칫ϡ
ʱСȦѾͨˣһЩʪҺ壬Ҳ
ҶȴӶƵϣҵУˣôˣɲ糿㰡糿ǶôӢˬҼǵ糿˵ģ˵ʲôţˣ˵ģֻҪУһ죬ҾͽȥѧУţ
ҶʾζЦɭʵĿģæ˵ˣѰһְλҪѧԺְ
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ôܣ￨
ôܣɭһȣʧܡ
͸оѧУƲȫ쳯̹ܽٵ㣬ѧУһıƣͽСɭҶͶȥһѯʵɫ
ж촦ɣҶöƣ̾ҿѧУãĳЩȨı˽ѹأԣҵⲻ֮磡
Ҷһϣһ
촦￨ĬĬľ׽ֵĺ壬ȫҶ̬ɫ
ֲʦһ棬ɭæ˵һѧУҪķʵƷ⣬һ˵Ʒ²УΪٸߣԹҵĽ裬Ҳûκεô죬Ҿ쳯̹ܽٵݣ֤һõΰְλԼͽȻһԹɭȻ룬Ϊ˷ֹºԣæһ


744 Э
￨ȥԺ۽Ͱ¸ˣ
Ŷ￨ȻһԸ⣬ԼʦҲΥ棬ֻýһѧԺԺ˹
ͺðࡪ㳤￨һǧһԸ⣬ںɭļල£ԺǷɿⶨһµĲţҶ˳ģ˳ģѧԺ³Ķ촦ܳһְ
Ȼڳˣ֪촦ʲôȨǣҶѧԺ֮ȴԼͬ顣
ɭΪҶ񣬶ɣڿԳΪٴطʸˣ
ҶΪѧԺãΪ￨ĳԱ񣬶˷ܡ
ڳ￨͸ˡ
벻Ҷͺɭʲôϵ벻׺ɭΪʲôôΨһ׵һǡԼ͸ǸһЦļһ
ɭ飬ѾòˣǻȥɣУȸˣҪѾҲǰҶкһ͵һ뿪칫ҡ
õġҶԸɭȻû
û뿪ҶԶվߵ￨ǰɫ˵￨Һϲһͽܣϣ㲻ҪԼԻԼжˣϣԶҪȻĻң㱳︮Ǵ쳯κ֤İΣΪ֮
˵仰ɭҲ漴뿪칫ҡ
ʦׯصľ棬￨ɵӣҲʼ²Ҷݡ
ɵӣλã˼ά϶Ҫһ٣ֻңҶЦ֮Щʧȥǡ
˿̿յʦô֣صľ棬Ҳзֹ
˼ǰҲû뵽쳯κһȨͨļᣬܺҶϺŵġ
ȥҲûһͷó￨Щͷ
ʲôˣ
вǿҵʡ
ɻͬʱѾߵ¥µҶͺɭҲµĶԻ
ˣ￨ŮȻƢʮֲãĳϣҪһʶɭ֪ҶȻյЦݣϣûʸȨơ
ʸһͨӵܣüͷһ壬ҪҪͷأΪʸҶֻ۾һɣͿô쳯ڵκһ壬ҷ
ģʵҲ㲻õİȫҶЦ˵ģҺܾûôĹˣܿóʵһĵغܴŮҲһƢܻŮ
ҲΪĻƢ׽Ūʱ۸СֿСҶ˵΢΢һ٣źɭʵô˵ǲǺܱ̬
ɭȻҽӿڣֻתƨôأԺ¾ܷԸֻҪܰ쵽ģһǡ

Ҷص︮ΪԼᱻ￨ϳţȴûٿǸĳ֡
벻ǣԼô˶ԷһΣԷܡ
ñѾҺסЩ
Ҳûж롪ȻԷûаԼϳ︮ҶҲֵˡ
Ҫ֪ŵűһžѧԺ
ԣ￨ϳȥպҲԷȻûȻֵʡʱʡ
뵽Ҷ΢΢һЦ׿еɮ붨һ۾黯
˽״̬
һҹ޻
ڶҶ磬Ҷ붨״̬֮Ѻ󣬾߽Ժ䡣
¹εһ죬Ȼȫְȴٵ
ڴͽ֮ϣҶֵܿȺ߹һֵ˶䣬Ҽ徻һĲȥԼƽβڳ︮ڣҳǵ
ڰʫ˵ѧԺһ£һϸãŮˣ˵˻ѡ
Ů֮ǰ˵ϢģΨǱ֮أȴǸһۡ
вٵϢһҶҲǸŮ˵ĵ
ôƵϻĴ½߶ɺϣ
˾Ĳ߻һı̲סڶˡ
ǾոչʱͻȻԱߺ˹һ΢ֵߣվҶǰ֮ĿҶϴ޵ɱɱ֮
Ҷɫһ䣬̲סҪеļɱﵷų漴ƽַһЦ˵ԭۣʲô𣡡
ҶˣΪλα֪ʣ볤︮һ̣ҵˣע⵽ˣֻǵΪƾ̣ʶҼ˵ļƻû뵽㾹Ȼǵһ˼ƻˣңҵˣҲ͹ʵĿɲǼ䣬һɱ⣬ܿ쵭ȥֻЩ졣
ڽ֮ǰûԤϵҶٴγڳ︮Ͼ볤︮ĳ￨ϵֵúܽҪʶȤĻӦðȥŶԡ
ҹֻˣ֪ЩˣΪ˽︮Щ֮ˣԩ壬ó￨ȨƣЩԼвˣѾȥ
Ϊ˱˸ʫΪˣصӵܣϻĴ½Щ£ķʱ䡣
ȻǱϻĴ½꣬Ҳֻڽ죬ҵһȡʱˡ
ʫûʱһԺĴˣҲ׷ٵ˴˵ء
ʫڼҶֵʱŭ֪ɱ֮졣
벻ףĴˣΪ֪Լ٣Ҹǳеʱ򣬸˹
ҶɵҲ֪Ҫ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ڵʶѱʫƿأ԰ʫ˿ȻԶǧ֮⣬ҲȻ֪ҶѶϤļƻ
ڰʫĿ£δ
侲֮ҲûһҶĿܣϻĴ½صǿ̫࣬˵ƻһй¶롣
ɱҶ쳯һϼ̲飬ʫҲڳ︮ȥҪ˵ȥѰǵˡ
һ㣬϶Ҷ׷Լˣ쳯ģΪҶ֪ȡ֮
ȡֻ֮аʫ
һ㣬ҶΪá
һ㿼ֱ֮ӳҶǰɱתΪЦҶ˼ȻˣǾʹ촰˵ǶΪޱȵıδҵ֮ǰҲûҪһǲǣ
ǹȻһԱΪأһΪʥ𣬴˴жΪõµĵط˵ԸЧȮ֮͡Ҷɫƽ̬ŵļ͡
죬Լ︮ȡһΪĶ
ֵĻѶɻή࣬ٱȵжҪǿ֮ѡжԵĻôѶȽἱ籶ֻµͷ˭Ҳռô
ʵֻʫǵҶҲͬô
ϬĿⶢҶһƺҪҶĵ׾ôģҶ侲κ
ﲻ˵Ĵϣ¡˵֮󣬱˫ˣҶչΪž޴Ĳ࣬㹻ţһж֮С
︮Ժ˿Ҳ࣬˳︮ҹʱ֣ȴǷǳ徻
ʱȴҶ齵СԺ
ҶѾڷڵȴʱ
˼棬ûпջֱ⡣
Ӵ֮Уȡһݴֲڵֽʵͼ̴ľָָ̯ͼϵĺüǳ︮һݼԵͼҼˣ˺ܴһ︮ϼūŪֵġ︮һĵطǰѾϸѰûҵǵ︮ڣʣ崦ΪܵĴ˻ûȥѲȻǽֺǾҪһжҲռıˣееĶҸǱ崦طȫ̵ʱڣҳĶ
Ҷϸ˿ͼͼϵݣȫĬС
ܿ΢ü죬崦طڸֻ¶ǳ︮Ľذɣ︮ĽأǷǳɭϡóȻȥǲ̫Σ˵㡣
Щطܿǳֲ︮ҩҩԣ汦ң߱չ֮أȻɭϣˣ̽ˡЩطÿһһʥǿԼʮǿһˣ׻ȥǱȷ棬иֶεߣҪȥҲ¡ҿҶӦúܾͨⷽҲͷһ棬ϳҵˡҶЦЦ
Ϣ棬ȴеĵ£ֻ֪˵ǵʲôģкһ·ˣҲʶ𡣡ҶͻȻѯʡ
ôޱȣҼȻʲôģʡЦҼ˽쳯ļǿ֣쳯ʥҪץʱ䣬ͷȥ⼸أ̽飬ҵ֮ƾᣬΣһâҶ
ҶѰ˼Σһڳŵ


745 ﳤ
˸濢Э飬뿪
Ҷ뿪ӰƽݣͻȻһĨЦ⡣
Ȼ֪Էʲôۡ
Ȼ֣ȴҲ϶˵ǵʲôƷ
СС̽ԿȻûֺĳ⡣
Ƕҵ֮ٲûһƴ
ˣҶû⣬Ψһɵģˣʫ
ҺôŮҪߡ
ôһֻۣҪҶ׼¹˭֣ɾͲ˵ˡ
ҪǵģԼҪȥ̽Ķء
Ҷ֪ģţͼı︮ǵʱ
ͬʱ︮һ򵥱չڣҲ︮ߣһΪҪ
˵أǳ︮ڣΪɭϵĽأ︮ڡ棬չǱ֮
ǳ︮μûгٻҲ̤Ұ벽
ڳ︮ӵܵĿ֮У˵أΪȨʥĵط
һо︮ǰ;˵ָǴڴģܹ︮ûм̳ͳ£һС壬׳Ϊ쳯ָĴ壬ȫǰݳ͡
ʱڣΣ֮ɫĮߣȻǳ︮Ѿİ桪档
棬ʮ־нұϹϾڵϵˣǳԪͳԪֵܣǶҲǳ︮ټ
˶ǰĿá
һϵֵܶ˲²ҹͻȻǶǰ⣬Ҳ⿪ڡ
︮һеһһҲȥĽңΪĽһϵӡ˫һ仰ֵܶ˾һ
ԪͳԪһۣоѹסĵ׵ϲãǶȻСָΪǳ︮ļ̳ˣǷȫһ仰
жˣ׿ŵڼʹ쳯ڵĵλ
ҳİٶ꣬ʣµԪָѾûжӿɻ︮ҵշ֮£ʢٶ꣬һˣ︮ˣһʢ˥ǿף
ޱĿǣЩ䡣
ڣһ尲֣˵Ȳ֮
ô˵Ȳ֮ڻмԪһʱڣͻƵһȫµľ磬ٻ˸١ǧ꣬ҲⰡԪһæڵϣǻֵ̿
ԪҲǾޱȣֵܶ˵УǼϵĴڣǴӽڣҲû⡣
ΪкܴĿܣı滹硣
ˣһж೤ԪԼ᲻𣿣ֹ̧Ƕ˵ȥƽ˵ҽֵǰһҪҪǶȥ
뽲ֵܶ˱ϹϾ
Ҵ쳯ܱ֮ĴСսۣٴʮŴ֮࣬ÿһ꣬ҪһΣΪǣ֮ÿһս֮󣬷Խʢ˿û˥ܵļ˵Ϊʲô
ԪͳԪְһεĹȴս顣
ֻڹżпǴ˵ȥʢ˥ܵ顣
ǵҲʮֵ꣬꣬ƽһ뵽ҲԼʵԼڼڵĵλȵȷ顣
ϻĴ½ǧĴսû㹻ߣŪеĹؼȴҪԪп
ɫȴǲƣǳ︮ͨˣȻȥЩҪΪܲǼʢľó֮á
֮Ĵսԭ򼫶࣬еΪԴ㣬Ϊ㹻ԴսеĳЩҰĵĸ߽ߣĻƶͼư½еΪ⣬Ϊ˽ҪѪϴһ㣬ȴʼδ䣬ÿսڶСšСɡСҡСΪʵСһڴսб塣ÿδս֮ռеԴļ٣Щšɵĵӣûս䣬ռݸԴΪʲôЩҴս֮󣬻ԽԽǿʢԭ򡣡һ䣬ƽ˵
ԪͳԪȵͣ𾪵˵޹˼ӶĻԳ֮ڣһʱԽܡ
Ƕ˶ӵļӣֱɵĹɹ٣ռŮӣӶᱦͬŵ飬Ҳ١
ǵУԼļ壬һԹԾӣа޻һ𣬶棬ҲɷǵǰһȺֵóݺ;ЩһղҪﵽĿꡣ
λ뷨ӦøЩӵȫϡ
ֵܶ˲źȻ֣ѪȺ֮бġ
ǧƵֻŴɵǿʢ»ʯƮƮһ仰Уͱˡ
ڳĿ£ļµĵͷ
ΪЩšôǿΪ׳ʢ˲¡дšɽյʢǶЦϹʱ߷֣ľóˣܻø࣬ҵ֮ʿԻľóΪ׷Ҫľó͵ȥôУȥԪһ·ϣħ·ߣΪУԿɱ֮Ԫ֣ɱȥľԼ
滺˵ȥƺ˵һƽ顣
ڣƺɭֵ︮ܶ˸о쬵ģĵðһ͸ǵĺ⣬һоԼĺˣǽ֪ԼڵѪ磬޷ȡ
ŴɣôĵҪ壬Ҫ֦ɢҶԴǴЩݻٵСšСɡСҡСеġֵܶԺ֦ɢҶպҪԽ壬ѵ㶼ڴ쳯һ֮أһЦֵܶˡ
ԪͳԪȫ޻˵Ѱ˼
һʵ⡭︮Щ̫Сˣһֵܶ˷ִССĳ︮϶޷ͬʱ塣
ֻȥط壬ǰǰЩطɾпĵطǽ塣
ƽ޹ȥδ̫𹫷ߺָ𣬶õ۹սңϢȥЩСľߣŵõķʽ
ûٶ˵ʱȴеһöУȡöɫĹʵǵЩɢŵ֮֮⣬ûг֮
ڣʲôԪ衢ԪֵܶĿУЩɻͺ棬ܴԼóĶǿɲΪһ
沢δشöͬʱƺڻ飬ϣԾ¶ЩЦ⣬˺һſѯʵ︮ǧӵܣҶһԱߣʱֵܶ˸ߵģʵ볤ãͷǳĽ֪ܳΪʲôƫƫֱֵָܶʵɫĺ󱲣Ϊ︮ĺӵܣСоóöϣ¶ЩЦ
Ԫ裬ԪԸоϵѹ࣬ҲʵĻش޵ܣ֪ΪνҶ˶Ϊ︮ļ̳ˣʾ
︮ļ̳ˣֱָ˭Ҳǳʲôǣѡֵܶ˸ʣҲ̫ã츳ҲǺܺãǻз棬̸ϣ˵ǼӵܣҲ˿Ϊ
Щֵܶ˶Ϊ︮ļ̳ˣ︮εļҲֵܶ˵ĸףֻǹɰˣڳ︮ûжȨλҪ
Ҫмȫ֧֣ṩ˴鵤ҩֵܸʮ꣬ﵽнϵΪһӣͽڵҲ˵
ºࡣ
ԭҲ򵥣öϣ˹ΪƳ֮󣬿ڣ֮Ӵӵ֮ʣ½һһ汦ԭöһöڼǰҷˣʣöڴˣһֱ񣬳︮ǧӵܣģֵֻˡֻҪֵܶУκһ˵ʣõı䣬֮ҳ︮ҲǺˣɱ︮ڴ쳯ĵλǶ˶ӵ֮ʣôҳңΪһңҲδûпܡ
ﳤΪ⡣
õģֻǶö˱ûмֵģǳ︮صһ֮⣬Ҳûκεڶ֪Ĵڡ
ֻҪڣÿ꣬︮ܳһλ֮ߣǲż己ĸԴ
ʲô
˹Ǹıʣ֮Ԫ裬ԪŲ۵ʧȻվ
ˣӵеʣȻ֮
ǲΪʥ֮Զ֮Ƴɵ飬ñˣֻǵʣʵ׿ԺΪ߽ףǵٶȣԽԽ˴ϷԳ棬ԪӭȢϣΪ¯ӿٶȣֻҪ֮ҳ︮ʢ꣬Ҳǿڴ


746 ǫ
ǣڣһṼڵڴԪĻһ˫ĿѾͨ죬¶ޱȵĿ⣬ĶųǶö´֮⣬ԺлһƬ졣
ڣأ
ԪȴˣֻᵽĻ£ȴûἰ
Ѱ˼һ£ʱûΪɫʺϵ¯ٵȵȰɣȻܴԼļѡ͵ÿ֮ڣûʺϵŮ˵
ԪȴڣӲðҿĽ㣬￨ͺܺãֱӳ棬ָɣȢȻʮԪҲĸԸ
Ԫų档
ɣһڷ˳ԪĿ
ΪʲôԪˡ
侲һѾͷͱˣҰļ󣬿Ѿ֪һЩ飬Ѿ˶꣬ȡǸѾͷľܱɡ˵ѾͷҼ츳Ȼĸߣֻϧʵ壬ʱһ𣬿ɾͰװ˷ϷһöҪᡣ
˵ţųԪ裬ȵ֪ϲСֶΣǲҪȥǸѾͷ⣬Ȼ벻һ·Ҫǻҳ︮Ĵƣ㲻á
ǣڡԪЩĵĵͷɫ壣ȴ˿Υ־ͼ
һ֣ǿȥˣò˼쳯ῪսʱһȷѪ꣬ɱ⡣˷һЩ۵˴󺺵۶ΪϳɹʵΪЭ쳯ӭսս棬սڼ䣬ҪĳͻǶˣҳ̸︮Эս֮󣬸档
ڣֵܶⷽ棬޾飡ԪЩǡ
޷Щһӣûʲô飬ǴڿʼҪѧȥЩ£֮£һǵġ⣬£Ҫȥ칬Ӵ칬ȡһЩĸϣֻȥձءڼ䣬︮ڵʱֵܴһ񣬶СĽΪϣǧ򲻳ɴ⣬ʲôʣ鱾Ҽɣǳȥɡ
ǣڣ
Ȳиһְأֵܶеļ˳˳︮ҡ
ʱҶ죬ڳ︮ڣѲ̽崦ͨĽأһͶȴδκйرϢ
һ죬ҶĿ⣬˳︮һլԺ
ǳ︮븮֮ʱԼоһİϢڣ︮ڣΪΣյĵطеӵܿͣûκ˸ҿ
룬ܿǳ︮ڱչصĽء
ðȻȥ̽飬ûʲô
ҶǾȵǣǹϢͻȻȥ
ȡ֮ǣ˼︮İʥߣڸ
ǸطӦǳڣΪصĵطҲΨһû̽ĵط
ҶЩɣҪҪðա
ҶڿҪҪȥ̽鳤︮ʱʱһӰӣϢĳ֮⡣
ҶˣǱҵйرϢ𣿡Ӱӿڵʵ
֮ǰ̽Ƕأز̫ϣһԴֿ⣬˺ܶĿʯƷһǱңһЩϵε˷ڵطģûһ⣬ûκη֡죬ǱΣҶӰһۣƽ˵
Ӱ죬ǷͷȥѲ鳤︮ʣµļء
Ѳڴ˵ٴͷ
ǱҲûκη֡
Ҷ΢΢ףĻûлɣҪķ˱ӰôһҪ飬뿪︮ȥˣǼ
︮ڣֻʣһأû̽ˣʥǿߣطһˣҪƹǵļӽأֻ԰쵽ҪǾ˸ߣǿɾǰˡ
ҶСų︮Щǣֻһʥ֮ƾ˵ʵҪȥȽףǶ˵Ļеˡ
ˣҶ˰ҿסܣ˿ų︮Ŀ䡣
طͶˣǳıչ֮أҶһ׿Լˣڳ︮˼꣬ڵȵĺûᣬ
︮һ˺һߣ棬̸ЦţСơ
Ｔǳıչ֮أڳ֮︮һǶչصڣʵһ沢ûκмֵƷмֵƷϡ
ǱԪڴ˵Ψһãǲչصңŭ
ְصˣҲŪ˵Сȡ
ͻȻǿһˣһƿСҡҡλεĳ
ʲôˣǳ︮أ뿪˵أ̾һ˵ʵ
û˵꣬Ǹߣ㡰ͨһԵڵأл˵ЩʲôҪƺЩſſĵڵδȻڵϸɴ˯졣
һþƹϣ㿴ô죿ǰȥһţǻ˺ް㷴Ӧֻܻͷߡ
˹ȥǻ˵ɫȥľüͷӣӦǺȶˣ̧ߣԶ㣬ҪǵۣҲˡ
˵ףǻ̧ҪԶһЩ
ǣƵĻˣȴ䣬һɺɫͻȻǻ˵£͵˳ڶϡ
Ƕ˶һĹ죬ڼ̵ʱڣ͸ڣһûüֱڵϣµļ޵ĺɫ
ǻȴһԾ΢ֵϣѾ˿κ⣬żֵ֮ɫ
ΪܶҲǿܰ쵽ҪһӰסͲˡ
Ҷ˸ɴİʥŪڵأľӺڰ֮Ʈ˳޵ǺֶΣ֪ʲôȻһסλʥǿߡ
Ǻӫ֮طΪټҲǻ˺ôļ۸񣬲ŴռôһСƿϧȫǶˡлҪ˵ǽȥҰɣֻʱֻмСʱʱ䡣쵭ЦŶѾȫԹȥֱ˳չصңһǣδɱǣȻ
ҶȻҲ˽ȥ
ʮɴСһһ߿ļʯɣΪǿյмһ棬һ¯֮⣬ҲûƷ
ⳤıչ֮أļª
Ҷ΢һң㲻òϣ޷ҳκ֮Ҫ˵ıˡ
ɲʲôûУ︮ҪĲĻıչ֮Ϊɡ
ҶƵƵ۲ѧǲӣء󷨵ȵȣ
֮УҪʲôĻ֡
Ȼɨңϸÿһʼڹĵ
Ƭ̹ͻȻ찴ڵʯأڲʯǽ֨֨¡˿¶һߡ
һȻĶߣЩխݶͨУðһʪϢ
Ϊߣ֮ȴôϲ︮ܣʯˣҶˣһȥɡ
ٺЦˣЦžٲʯѨȥ
ҶЦЦ
УȴԽĹͷΣգλЦӫۣˣûһ֮
ҵ˱ɲλûܰѡҶˡߵۣԼ顣
ʯߣԼ֮һ徻ĵʯѨ
·ߣֻһǹ⣬ǰƮݶɫǹ⣬ԶԶģҶеһ̹ǵĺ⣬Щǳ֮⣬͸ŹŹ֡
Ҷܿ콫עȫŵһùϡ
һĺʯϣĳһʮߵ䣬ֻѾ꣬ϣöɬɫ֮
һɫĹĻǻţϲĻӦǳǻ󷨡
죬ıӦйذɣҶЦȴվԶԶģԶ졣
δһȻǿʱڣȴ޷⿪ϵ󷨽ƣһ󷨣ܻܿᾪͳ︮ˣǾͲˡ
ҲᣬΪҪ
ҶˣҲʵߣǱֻԶ֮ѾΪһܻһȻĹЧֻöְͷЦŽĿתҶ
öȻǸҵȻ͵СҶǫõ˵
ЩˣΪҶԲöһ񶷣û뵽Ҷؼʱ̣Ȼǫöˡ
ЩҶǲʲôıƣıǰ


747 
ȻҶ˿ЩҾͲˡ̸֮䣬ѾΧԣɿ춯Ƴ󷨣˵Σգɲܾĵط
ʱɫ󷨱ƽ⣬ɫˮĻʧöδҲС
ʱϲ֮ɫǧ࣬ڽ˵ıҵˣҪǣõöǱȻܵͣҲ֮ģҪȻҲɲ˰ʫۣöҲл֮
ҶųȥҪı壬ʲôʱͻȻͷһ裬ʯߵڴһۣһ㣬ڶһʯ档
Ķ˿գۼ䣬ѾһӰ£۶ŶڣҶһжǰֵĻʹɱ֣Ҳϧ
΢Ϣڽ
ҶʯڣڴĿ߽
ҵ鷭ǳ︮ˣֻ︮Ѿһ󡭡Ӧòǳ︮ˣôͬҲˡ
һСһͷӰӣ˶ڣƺ֪δ̽ҲûиҶκιĻᡣ
˹Ц죬ҶϵܣǶ˾ͱˣ֪ǾⶴڣǶΪѰα˺
ʲôˣ
죬ѵϲôǻߣҲ֪ʩչʲôͨͷʵͣΣС˽һ룬һݵߣľǳɣҲ
ɻָԭò֮һ󵶣ǰĽʯ
Ҷɳ˾üͷѹָоôϤ
˵˭أԭ㣬һصͨתȻ֮ҶȻƭ˹ȥһЦȴŶڵλã㽫Ūֺ󣬾һʯȥ߶Զ߶Զ
Ҷû̫⣬Ƕǳɣȴʧġ
ҶϣûʵǿҲᳬʥ֮ǰʥ켶ߣʵ
Ǵһʱֲʤ˳︮ˣʮ鷳
ϧע޷Ȼ߱
ģǳɣ˵ۡ
ಣ
߿ڴֳʥߣͬһӰʯڡ
⼸ˣǣͬϤ
ôҲЩ˵ĳ֣ޱȣڸеЩ֣Щ͹Щ˵׷
˵أѾ߰Ըۣ˵ˣֻոյõֵöֻ¶޷Ȼߡ
̫̫ۡģбһֻȭͷСɫӵèһ߸οһЦߣʫΪЩֶΣܽҵδ̫С˵ıˡֻèڣˣڵصףҵҲһҳлҪ˵зݣҪ̵Ļθھδ̫˵㣬ǵ˺ôˣ˭Ҳ񵽱ˡ
ɻԵ͵վһԣδ˵ʲôǴ̬ϿôҪûķݣǾԲɵġ
ʱȴѾڵǿĸȤĴһչص֮£ԭôһڴķʱȴ˵һΪ˵ıҵߵʣʹҵڣӵ֮ıӦѾܻ죬ӣϵƺոձժϻµӡۣӦöϰɣɷҵȼʶһ¡
ɨһۣ뿪˵أ֮£򣬱︮˺ͳ죬Ƕûɻųȥ
УԲŷ֣ȵðˣȳ˶˭֪᲻ᷴڣһ֮˭ҪȥῪڣܾ顣
㣡첪Ȼŭ
ڶһǵҶۿһĻʱ˵ơ
ʯ̫СһۣʵѾĴڣ˭Ҳû̬ȣΨһһûвľߣֻܿΪ
ѻʲôȻ֣ǾɱһˣɴɱҵٷһͼɻԡĵһİߣһĶͷɳһƷ˷Ϊɫâն졣
ȻѾ֣ɱɱɣ
ȿԸıʣӵ֮ǰûǸˣܹĵġ
ЩۣҵҪǵˣǵˣߡ
Ǹ˶ԣջԶǱҪ
ϾѰұֻΪ£ȴǵõ˵ĺôԺҲƾ˳ΪһˣҲ˵
ɻԺһ£ģֹ죬⻹ۣȴųҶȻǰŽ붴ߣȴǲһ·ġ
ͬʱ⵽λ۵Χ˿
һţһҫ۽ɫâ˳ΪɾͽԲڰеķɿתȻȫססܵıкΧ
ͬʱһСɫУΪһ²â˳ȥ
һҽУͷۣǻȻɫиֱӶ֮ϵĻ֣˿ûܵסâܡ
Ʒ˷֮ͨЧ˷һ˿ԣٱͨļƷ˷Ҫǿһ
۵ΧȻ˿û·硣
ɻԺľȻҶۣҲæսţȡǸ˵صۡ
Ȼֵס۵ĹĹĵļ졣
ϸ磬Ҷˣףһ֮öһöΪ걨쿴ƣ䲻
ʱôҲ˲ˣȰס˵
ѳɺҶ£˴ˣҲ䵽Ե·磬ҪǳɺҶ뼪ɻԡĵһĵùˡ
Ҷû˼ӽⳡ򶷣Ϊ˶һȻʯߣŲɴСʥǿߴķȻû£ǿ͵סˡ
ЩۣΪ
ķкͻ棬߶գ۵Ĺ򣬾ͰݲеĲѡ
䣡
һž޴Ļ򣬱ɳȥĸȵĸ£ճɻҽ
ҶҲ̲ס͵ĳ˹ȥһ磬𡭡
һѻҽ֮УֻһСͬˮһδȫջ٣֮̽С
︮ӣˣǵñ÷ŭɣŭ𣬾ġ
ҶЩڣ֪ˣҪԥһ£β֮
ʯٴȥӽȥ˭˭ⶼҪǵġ
ǵǣѨڴľ춯ᾪĳ︮ˡ
Ҫǳ︮ˣסʯڣǶΪ֮߶ѡ
ʵϣҶϲѨһ򶷣ľҲŵըѾ˳︮ڵˣֻһʱδŪףΪʲôӵص´
Ƿֳ︮ңչ֮أʥѾڳһ޴Ȼʯ֪²˴˳չ֮ء
һʱ䣬︮׻
Ԫָܻų︮ˣȻæȴ·
죬Ǽˣ붴̽飡ˣӷֹ︮һԱ룬ǣϽȥ֪ͨڣ֣︮ʮ︮ʥǿߣļĳʯ
︮ڵһڱͣҲž궯̽
һЩˣ붴Ҫһ̽ҲЩˣԹ۵̬ȡ
ʱʯڣ졢ɻԡĵˣɻΪöĹִ¡
ܹôöǷ֡
ҶʯߣûüһȺ︮ˣѾʯѨͨ
һۣ׳һŷͨ赲Ⱥ߽︮ʯ
ʯѨͨխֻҪƵõһ򵱹أĪ֮
ĳ︮ߣһʱ岻ⶴͨĳڣѾ︮ȫˣҪӶͨڳȥҲǲܵ顣
Ҷɫһ䣬뿴ľ棬ڻǳˡ
ۿ˼ڼһۣ˵Ѿ︮˸סǾܻųȥ𣿶һ㹦ɣܶһʱ䣬ڴЩ򡭡
Ҷᵽ棬ʯڼۣ˱ɫԳľηһˮͷϣпȣͻȻ˼֡
ǳ︮쳯ӵʥϳǿΪĻ֮أףǼŭ˳棬Ҫ뿪˵أȴûôס


748 
ҵԪֻʣʮˣҪ޷֮ҲԶˣǻνˣԪɱҾó࣬ѵԸҪٲס֣Ǹɴһˡ
ջػУԽм˹ҪͬĻȥֻ֮һöʣµģô䣬Σ
ɻԺĵˣһʱò죬ͨļҵĴ򶷣ڷȻ֣ͣ֡
죬Ҫǿһóᱻڴ˵أھóô뿪˵أŭĴµ
뵣ǣҾͨľ֮ѧڽ֮ǰұϸо︮ĵΣ︮ǽɸߵվɽϿ֮ϡɽϿԼǴ쳯ĻǺӣʯڳ︮ԼҵһھĻƿʯڣֱӴӻǺӴһʯڣͨ򻤳ǵķ򡣡ָһ㣬г˵Ǳ̶֣︮ʿ࣬ʯڣ֧Ųסá
˶ȵ죬ʫۣѧ֮ӣǶΪԼܻܿᱻʯڣȻת˲֮䣬ˡ
ְɣҶֱӿ˵Ѿһɽʯȥֻ䡱һ죬ʯɽɽʯϻһ
ϲ֮µľ飬ӦйأѾ֣еĿѾɣһ뿪ʯһϣ
ɶʯڣָס︮˵͹۶ʩչļУɿĺʯڡ
˴ǵصʵʹʹòûܳȥĻбڵ»ΣգýھͨƽһЩ
ȫھͨеٶȣ˿
䣡ֻƬ̹һĺ죬һԶͨڱڶ
һ磬棬붴ڡ
ڶڵ˴ϲ׷ƿնһɳ˳ȥ
һȣĿݣĳɣɻԵۣ׷ǲ뿪Ļδؾǵķˡ
ҶҲͬβһ˱С
ʵ뿪ʶΧһɨ㷢ֶڸѾкܶĳ︮ߣп಻ߵĻױ︮˸ΧɱǴһܣðȫ
︮ڣѾˮƽĽ䱸֮С
︮Ԫ裬ʮʥǿߣǿйʯ༫ǿߣŴȺˣ︮Χʮؽ磬֮ѡ
Ŀǰڳ︮ļǿߣʮ֮࣬һ൱Ӵ˾ηʵҪ֪ư޾ʥ쳯伫ǿߣҲʮ
︮ڼǿߵĿʥ쳯ܺ͡
ȻΪҪһǣ︮ڻһʥȻʥĳķʥ֮ģûӵʥǿְ˵Ԫ⣬䱾ܣǾԲʥġ
ôһʥ򣬼ʹǴ쳯ҲԳ︮мӣҲΪʲô︮ڴ쳯ʢôҪԭ
ԪʱѾ֪ҵˣܶ࣬УѾЩ壬⵽ڵ𷣣˲Լ棬󺺵۶Ļӣ֧Ԯ
Ԫе֮ˣȫסڽ޷Ԥγͷ
Ԫ֧Ԯ󣬴쳯ӣ£Ȼ޷Թȥͬ︮һ֮
죬ҶˣƱڶϱ㱻ް︮Ӹ̷֣ХΪźţ֪ͨ︮ǰͬʱðǿжһˣжϡ
ֻҪˣסСƬ̣ܿдȺ︮ӵϵǸʱȻǲҲӡ
ôҳ︮ⱣߣԪХ²һֻɫŸڴȺ׷
ͷߣپ죬ɵˣͷһƣȻɫüһʮʥǿɱ˹ҪǱһȺʥǿǬΧסȫҪնΪ⽴
Ǵʱﻹ˼߾ɢݣӲߣĽգǵļա
ˣΪߵâͬķݶȥ
ߣһ£һʱ䣬֪ȥһâźá
ǵķӦҲ죬ܿ⣬ͷȥΪߵ죬ɣɻˣΪԽߣԽץס֮еԣԶץסһҪǿĶࡣ
Ҷ֮УռһСˣϢޣΪһ︮׷ԥȴˡ
Ҷû˿ϲãɫԽ
ΪһȺİʥǿߣҲֳΪ·׷ͷ׷Ǽˡ
ҶһɫĶң֮Уͷһۣ࣬׷֮︮࣬ÿһΪ˿
ʵˣҪǱ׷ϣһ֮£ǲܱģҪǱסǿ鷳ˡҶһУ׳һѸٻΪһɴСĳ磬վڳ֮ϣٶȿʼһأ׷Զ롣
׷Ҷ︮ߣ¶Եľ㵡
һչʾͨڼƷս֮࣬սޣܴͨͨ󣬱仯Ī⣬ֻʥ񼶴ܣпܶãǰŶҵСӣôսޣ
֮䣬ΨһʥǿһۣɻΣֹͣ׷ͷȥ׷ļˣǵٶȣ׷һƾղһչʾʵ׷ϣҲǰ״
︮ߣڼ׷Ҷ
һǳ︮һͣĽҵһλӣĽ衣
Ľʼ׷Ҷһ⣬Ҷ뽫Ҷһ£ڳǰչ¶һԼľ֣λСŮԼġ
ܵĻȤһʣҶ˾ڳ︮ڸʲô飬ǵó︮ˣ˾ʧ롣
Ҷһݣһ׷ߣ׿֮Ľеһ˿ȣǿʤ֮ģΪĽҵĺӵܣǲκԼȨ
Ľ貢ûһսޣһ֣ͬһרڷƷطٶȿʥǿƿնС
ټӵһĽҵķķľѪԶʱڱٶȣķٶȣʵҶࡣ
Ҷ֮̽ʱѾܵαװݺϢĽ貢δϳҶǰҶаޣ׷ɱҲ˿ûп
ڶ̶̵СƬ̹ҶԦһһɽȣһ·ǰɣ볤֮︮Զ︮ΪһССĺڵ㡣
ٶ̫죬︮ĴȺߣ඼æ׷ɱʹߣûмߣԸ׷
ҶУû˿Ļ⣬ȫԦһɣĸоһʵǿߣ׷Խ׷Խֻʮɵľ롣
ͷһۣҵĺĵӣͬҵĺӵܣЩͷۡ
ĽˣҶļУİҶûκν
ڳ︮ڣ˵ţĽҵĺӵܣͬʱӵз֮֮˫ӵߡ
Ǳʾѣûйʮ꣬ѿԽ֮˰ʥľ磬ųĽڣǱѵӵ֮һĽпܾѻĹѪ֮һڴ쳯նɱһǿߡ
ڴ쳯ʵһ
ΪˣҶĽ轻֣ܶԶܶԶ
Ȳ˵ùǴ򲻹һָסҪٱ︮׷Ļǿľ档
ȻĽ
⣬Ҷһǣ׺Ľ轻֡
ǾȻαװգĽͬŴɣһ֣й©ݡ
ҪǱĽԯǵһ֮ϻĴ½ֻҲû֮ء
˳︮ĳ棬볤︮Ҳ޷Ϲ׷ɱһʥʵжû֪
ɣҪͷˣƾǺη˽ܣ˴󵨣ڳ︮£Ľɲ֪Ҷ˿̵뷨Ѿ׷ֱӵҶ֮أЦѡ
ɰ֮󣬼Ҷûаʾȡн׷䣬һĳŷ䣬̻Ϊ޴ĻڵĻҶ֮Ϯȥ
ĽҶµһһ֪ΪûͷűУҲóȻ뵽һĹΧ÷乥õֶ̽ΣųĹжͬʱҲƳ
һٶȿ죬ʵڳϣɲǼ䣬ų磬˱仯磬̼䣬ȥ
һģǼĻ򣬱ɢ޻ˮһһˮڴ޻ϣû𵽶Ч
Ҷĸ⣬һϴ֮´Ȼ˲ٵĺô֮ѴǿܹȵĹ
֪һ㣬ûԤϵ䱬ͨһķȻҲûʲôв
ĽͬһεĹȻû̽κЧаһһ䣬һĳҵĺ˹ȥ
Ҷһܼӣ쳣ķ䣬ÿһţ൱ڰʥǿһΪѵãһéľֽһ㣬ûꡣ
ʱȴһӣһƬĳ磬ΪƴСУҶڰһĹƬռ䣬һ˫ѩ׵
һһ죬ȻΪ棬ҶûȫϤʹļ˳֣ԣͬ߶Щǿˡ
ĽﶷԼϤĹֶβС
ѩ׵˫͵һģҶһϷƿʮ֮⣬Ľ衭
ĽʮĴķ䣬乥ȻҲһһա
ףôŪֵģĽŷڰУҶȤԽŨǰȫŵ꣬ɣιмʵ
ҶȥĽϮסٶȣ취˲У︮ķɿһۣʱû߸Ϲ΢ģͷĽһ
Ľҡһȣ²һ޴ķ֣һӵɣϣðŻ棬ಷɿתš
ɻֻһƷطһٶȣĽܹ׷ȻʩչֶΡ
Ľҵĺӵܣݸ߹ޱȣΪʲô泤︮ƴ׷ңһµҶĬһ£һͣڰգСĵĽ䱸ѹɳʡ
ĽȻΪ︮ҪǴ֮ͥ£ôִĽߣĽδ棿
Ľ赭ЦҲмֱ죬еǣʵҲɱ㣬һȥ︮ɳ︮˴㣬ڳֻ︮С飬мˣͳ︮ͽ⣬㿴Σ
˵Цˣ︮ˣֻɱһٴΣҲйǵͷ֮ޣ֪߰˸ۣڳ︮ʲô
Ҷ˵µĽ裬һΣƸܵĽעĽݡ


749 ˽
ŶʲôĽҡȣĸȤܰѳֵ︮ļɹλñף֣鲻򵥣ȻҪ֪һЩ
ҵصףһʯǳһĽ׿ӵ֮һӦ֪ðɣҶЦ
ôȻ飿ȥȡ︮ѹǸ˷顭ϵó̷ߡ
ĽɫĮȻһ䣬ĿϬ߽еһ;ֻҪеͿԸıʣӵ֮ǿ֮ĺ
ĵӣ¼䣬ûһ߲ᶯģĽңڻĹѪûоѵʱ֪ϢҲȡķͷ
öȫʵǿϣôУڻȥĻܴһöҶ˵꣬Ľ裬תɶȥ
ܲΪնĽԶ׷ɱûʮİգչҪһԣ
ĽҶֻͷԶĳ︮ȻЩɣԥҪҪ׷ȥҶ߻̷س︮ûл⼸ϻ
˰֮Ľһҧһ׷ȥ
ĽһߣҶŸո˿һתȴǿһٻӰѵǰ档
ˣ˭ǳ
ɵս֮ͣɫӵҶҶѾαװòαװûЧģʦкɭɭֳҼ壬Ϣ֮£׵ȺҳҶڡ
δ˱Խ͵ˣԼʦأ˵Ӧ÷ǱѰɡ
ʮӦúܿҪˣߣʱͽҰɡûʱȥҶı飬ֻǺ촽˵һҪ顣
Ѿ칬ˣ
ȻҪԼ뿪
˽ԷңͲ¡Ҷֻü˵ɫ㶸Ȼһ䣬Ȼ︮Ŀȥ
˵֮䣬ԶϰﴦͻȻһСƬҫޱȵѪϷһǿޱȵʶѹ︮ķɨǹ޿ƥеѹ֮˸Ҷ
ˣ
ã︮Ǳߣľͺ︮ߣȻǾ񣬼ӽۣȴȻɫȫɥʧ˶־ֻƴߡ

ۣ
ڸ︮սеģУҽһѣһۣɻԣûܷӦɨըΪΪһѪ
һһգ۹򣬻ڳ︮һ翹һۣˡ
ֱһ̣֪ЩĴˣΪʲôֻԼۣ£Ǳȴֳִ
һ¶Ȼ˲ң
Ҷﻹκγɺͣ٣ų￨Ժڳ︮ȥˣȥʦ𣬾˵ȥġ
԰գһ׵Уವһ£·ɽȶȥ
ղܵʱ򣬱һֱŴ춼Ĵ˺ӷݣĽһ·ϾͼԦһݵԶĵط
︮ٴշɶߣֻǱӵףļĴӣ١
վԭأҶʧںˮ֮еӰСһ䣬ֱȥʦ𣬺ôĿڻҼ壬ȻôȨô
˵￨е¶һ˿ЦǶĶأ
Ҷ˺ӣӶߣԱⱻټˮ㾪ȻԼһë
ӵ̫æĽ趷սۼûü
ЩսϢڱУûʲôһڳУܴܿЩϢзĴ棬Ӷ׷
ֻҪסϢôһֻҪټܹʶ
Ҷ뵽Ϊա
ȥЩսϢǾûڳ︮Ͽգ밶ҲϹͨգ۹򣬾ֳܵðȻȥûʲô
ˣͣԭصĳͬһҶæ֮£ˮݶȥ˼εС
Ӧ죬̼ıǷɽҶԭϢ˹ȥ
ת˲Ĺ򣬳ӳ︮Ͽգ˲ƵҶĽ֮
Ŀ⣬˳һۣһһƬҵսſڵղŴ˵ػжˣǵȥˣ
ɫ糣˵̫үүղŶˣһĽҵĽ裬һһۡĽ׷ɱǸ۵;УۺѲȥ׷ɱȥˣһδһۣ̫үүִ֡
Իᴦ뵣ģޱ飬ЩӵܣһϧԼ̫ĽôһĴӵܣһ֪ս
ӴʶɨսΧδκ˵Ϣټس︮
︮űչҵƶѾʹĸо
ڣֳ︮һʮѾסˣɱˣ˶ˣһȺˣۣߵǶˣҲӦۣ׷ȥһܲ׼ȷ
Ԫԥһ£ֲ⣬ʮ︮ӵʮӵܣˡԪں棬
һδʯߣǰʯһѲľҽɫףѪɫѾŭ޷Ƶľ磬Ȼһ︮ǧˣ
׷ȥߵĶҳҪǵƣɭޱȡ
Ԫ躧ȻΪʲôŭˮƽ
ƣǽһƹϺ濾겻Ǳʹǧ򱶣ֱԪľΪֹ˷ָľ磬֮ˣûмܿס˵ĥ
Ҷԣִ˳סȥˡ
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ļۣҲһһ
ҵǣҶԴӽ쳯֮һֱʹõģ˵š
쳯֪ʵݣֻкɭɭֻ¾Ҳ˵Ҷݡ
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飬쳯˾Ⱥ𾪡
𾪵ǣȻ˶ˡ
ȺۣΪð˷Ǳ볤֪︮︮ˣҲ֪еԵɡ
֪ŵĳ︮ߣĬ
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ϾĴˣЩҵӵܣǳ︮ǵġ


750 ѡ
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Ҷ񣬳֮У˿̣ҶĸԶ磬ȻӰ޷£޷Ϊã˿̵ÿһָ򣬶һּջ
ʱɫ䣬ͷѪɫУһ̣ɢʧУǳɡ
ʱҶҲڱ£˱ڲռ䡭
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һǳջҶľΪҲֱӱѡһ·Ȼҧס⣬ǿȶ
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̫ĲʡԸҶģȴϷ

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751 ڶ
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һЩǿް֮Ѿ˺ɷ飬޵׺ڶУ߳ȴҶ֮⣬ֻʥŵķ
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ҶĿ΢΢΢ҡͷַģڴˣҲȻƽȴ֮


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뵽ֻÿ̾ɶеλǶһ޶ģûʲôŮܹ棬Լ֮룬ΪλԼ뵽ɶ˰ɡ
治֪ʲôʱ򣬲ɶ
ʱҹʲôݣղΪβŹµĻվ͵
Թԣ˲ãû뵽˶ô񣡡ҶһʱĿɿڴҹʶݣȷԩҲ֮ˣ뵽һᣬͻȻͷ
ҶһΣлſڰȻ˹Զ֣ⲻңСΪһֻһˣһֱֱˣǸղʲôطðС㣬С
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ߺҶҲһģС椻ͣСүɾҪˣƽɱҲֻɱЩСèСҪɱСүԼķ̶ȣ¾ǿϳǧ򽣣Ҳûá
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Ҷտ̤ǰâضȻûһ㣬΢΢飬벻սӣ
Ī㻹ҲɣѰ޻Ļǿ󣬵ɨҶһۣЦŵһҪߵĻƾ㣬ߣֻ»£˵Ѫһ˿ھȻˡ
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ŵĴУϵëڴ˱Ũȴ΢΢СһЩƽʱ̬˶٣촽Ϊͻ˫۵ͫԭĺɫתΪȫɫٴα䳤ϵƤȫڣȺֿһ˫צʮѼ⵶϶ɡ
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Ҷ΢΢ЩĿǰһĻⳡսƺͳԤڣԭΪԼ׷ֻһͨİʥǿߣſֵ˲ֻɱȴû뵽ȴǽֱ仯
壬ǱãȻ׿ˣʵѱ֮ǰҶеĺнһαһˡ
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Сү˵㣬Ҫɱ㣡԰ݳƣȺӡŵϣŵ׷ɵĹУ⧲ġؿͬʱƣʱ໴𣬿Ѫ
ҶϢкнһ죬Ĳϣʱѳ׽סȫҶһ֮ˣʱҲɱ֣ǵЦĿ
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ҶЦֻСүȫڷƨˣұͷƨҲ죬٣֪һ飬ôˣǱţʲô˵Сүһʱˣ˵û㡣
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ӳЦһͻӣʺѪн¡
ˣ²ŵϣ˫ȶһ˲Ѫɫˣ벻ԷˣȻøҵҹɱˡ
ҹ࿴ɷףɱˣʶذѽڳϿϷҶǲٿҪ㳵ˣҶ򿪳ţӭ˽ȥ
ʱӳµڱɱĨýѪգ˰ʬһԡ
ЩҹԱߵ̴ӣɴ۾ڵ
˵ʱɱ˾ʲô£ɱǰ̬ȣȴԵҾܴ𺳣Ƶʵʯĳˡ
ҶҲüѡЩѪ־֮˶Ųɱ˺Ͳ±ɱѪ磬ѵЩ²ࡣ
ֻô겻Ҳ֪Ǵ˿Ǹʲô龰ǿʳսԵʴȣǶԼĲ̣Լǰ̫Щ
αܵǣʹҲûпܣرҹŮ
ָһˣ˭ģ˫һѧͬϣ۹ȴһر庺ӡ
Ǻ֪¶һ˿ȻǰˣҾ֮£ʲôУͳŴүϡ
飡
һ߳
ʹʱϺ䵹ϣʹ
ЦҲߣ֪ܣ˶ɱˣʹ̺򣬿ӲʱĻ֣͸ĥ
ЩֳѺȥˣЩ׷ֳֳȻĿŽµЩ²
Щ²ɫ
俴Щ²һۣɱһӣҹĳԡ
õһӵϣʱҽһ²׵øɸɾûһڡ
ʱҹӳдҲżʶֶΣǰʵ̫ˣֲЩһǻϮԭΪɱ֡
ЪϢɣ죬Ϳɵִ˲ˣѶϢˣʱԻ֪˭㲻ˡ
ҹ֪ЩĿһ㣬ʵţҲ֪ҪЩʲôͷֻǽɱô֮ˣ޻ȴνͬУǴأ
ÿЦҲȫͷŵȴ޴ΪǼǵֶΣģҹҵ˼ɣ
ҹ̾Ϣһ˵ʾУõҶһۣҶæһ϶㳵ǰʻȥȵȫʱް²Щ֮ˣϴɱɾˡ
֮һ·£ӷʻ·ĻĲݣгշõȥҶʻĳƽ̹ĺܣй䣬ͬż˲ʻȥ


762 
˲ķϻĴ½֮ߣ硣
˽磬硢ħɭ֡纣
汲𣬾ͳ磬ˮݶӵʽƬ棬ࡢޡսǵʷÿһֶѪдɡ
ʽսŵ̬ʹصĹϵȴ˲治صľޣδļ֮ӾӶ
ʽ֪˲侭˶£һֱϣ޻ȨγɣҶ޸Ư޻Ȩеر߽ļʹ
˲ĻʳȨѼ仯о塢ʨ塢׻塢Ӱų˲Ĵʥ壬ĸ壬ƹܹ˲ĻȨ
Ĵ֮⣬ڰУһλȻ壬ɺ壬ɺʵȻĴʥ壬ȴһֱ䵱˲ʦĽɫ
ƾУɺǻۡѪ˵˲乲ݻʵĴͳͬʱǵļı򶫡סչ
ʱ޿̲Ͽսͼ㲻Ƶ侫Ϊ˲˼ʵޱȵĻҲͬʱӮľ뾴η
Ҷ䵱;棬˲ʱ˲Щӱȱһභĸĸɹ
˲ɽɽɽֺųƾ֮ɽ˲һҲǧ֮ǰ˰ҡ
һɽ㹻һ嶨ӡ
ɽֶϡɽɽĿеʥɽֱĴʥ嶨ڴˣĴʥɽĹ֮ɺĶ֮
˵ɽ˲ΡáĻµĺڣ˴ķ׳磬ûһ֮
Ҷʻ㳵һ·ȣߵض룬ڽ뾫صĹУܵһӭҽǧɢڹţԵ÷ǳ¡ء
ֱʱҶŪҹԭǾŮҲǾĹֲλ˳ȻŮȻ񣬻ִ;۰ϮٸнҹŮ˵ݡ
ݳ꿴ȥʮ䣬÷ǳʵƤףֹ͵ƣ˫ĿһһյǺֱ
Ҷд⾫˶ˣŮ̫е̫Զʼɲѡ
ʱҹλʹߣҲӰӰһλ̸֮ҹϸϵܡ
һȻҲüĿ㣬ȴһ̬һʹøУŰһ·̣ͻȻ俴ӳҶͻȻ˫һȻӭھ͵λ̨ƣעԵԺ·ֵƣ
ⲻٶҶ΢΢Щ֪룬ΧЩ̴ҲֻǶҶ¶˶ʼ֮⣬ľٶȴû¶ʲô֮ɫ
Щ̴Ӷϰ⹫үľٶֻٶĶǣ΢΢Щʧˡ
ʱǾҲͷ΢΢һۣȻһЦ֮ûʲôҲϰⱦӵ־ٶҹ˾鸮
޾ӵļӣŰýӲҶǰȻҶҶһŪŵСֻǸˣӲУ˵Уıһ
ѩ磬ֻǸϳĳϲĽѣҲؽôһ˰ɣѵ治±˵俴ҶһۣüͷпҶˣԸ֮ͬС
֪ѩɫһ֣ĲˣǻֹֻҪŶ۾ͳɣĹܱȥ԰գŰãҶ֮ϯȥ
ȰϯѩֳҶߣߵҶԵСӻͦ˵ģϽ㳵ϻûˣҲֻǸ򣬵˵治°Слڳζˡ˵չЦ
һ·ԼɫԭΪ£һᣬҶʵˣСֻǿȥĔ壬ּϲ̼ң˸ְλҡ
ѩһֱӴϵһҲ̫ʵ̫̹˵ɣȴ룬޲Ľ̨ˣ֮λó֤ЩһҪͷѪء
԰գʵ֪Ͻ㲻ܿ㣬ֻǰСһֱҪϽ⣬ѸݣģһﻹԶӧȥʹߣϽ㻶ġ
Ҷֵѵ׷Сô
ѩǼĸ񵰣һǳ򣬱Цģﻹ֪Щʲô뺦ˣ
Ǳߵİǿ˵ʲôعͷֹ֣Щʲô
ѩǰãЦҽңγݣȻҪֱܻڹԲȳ׿ֻµܵüҽ㻶ˣ
ϲȫЯָ㣬ҹǰˡ
ԣԣȻԣѩķǣ⣺ˣӾһͷײɧȴЦ⣬ָҶǼҽڼҽߵӣֻ±Ҹ࣬ʲô£࿿
Ҷе㲻֪Ӧ֡ٵġ飬ֵܱ̫æǫãѩ纮һ󣬳̬ý̸֮ʣ˳
ϴһ·Ҷ״ᵽʥصķ˾¥⾫УŮٻпҶԵ÷ǳ
ڱ鲼֣෱࣬ĿϾӣҶ̷װһ·ûκξʣһΧǽߴʮɣȫʯɵĳǽڡ
ͨɲŽ룬ǰֳһأһһӴ䳡һǧľլŵһˣլ࣬ʮʱ²ι۱Щط
ʱ䳡ǧ˷ϰ˴ļУøʵĳ̶ȣ졣
ֻ볡أپʿΧۣʱ鵯ĺȲ
Ҷн˵㣬һΧľ΢Цʲô
̿ҶһۣݱԼ߳٣æˣС˵ˣ˭Ҫиշһޣ͵ɽΪԺսޣ
Ҷ֪Ǵˣߣֻһ㶼ǵͽߣС߽֣߳ÿսս޳սս޾Ļһ
ֻ˲սǿշĻǿԼշΪշĻ޲ֻܳ˲ս޵ȴûơ
ֻ˲ս޲ͬޣ޿ȡ֮κ޻Ǻޣȡ֮֮ߣ˲սȴǾѵעؾͨڣγɵһ޵ࡣ
ǳ֮ϡ٣ֻ󹦵ˣܵʹսޣսΨһĲ֮ͬǲܱΪΣս޵ʵﵽʲô磬ʼֻܱΡ
Ҷû뵽⾫ĶС㾹Ȼôֱʣս飬˿Ҷֵ㲻Ҳȥԣ̵֣Ҳܵõսˣ
ҶæӦȴЦЩսֲǰèŪԼȥ׽ս棬ٰ뾫ݾҪˣ
ʱб鵯ĺȲҶ鲻ԽչʶֻڳһĹȦסһɴСʯ̨ʯ̨һ棬ֱֻͬսޣֱΪʨܡ
ֻͺһ˶棬ֻսܵк׼սսһֶֻҲͬʱ˶棬Ҷʶոת
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһӰӸ߿£ȭţֻս޴ÿѣͷս޳˵Ŀͷ͵ͷ𣬺ѱ
Ҷֻ˵սͿޱȣδʶһȴôշˣշ߿ȥֻǺӰλźɫװͷɺڲñŮӡ
ŮͣһͻȻ䳯ɨ˹ҶæջʶƳ
̣ŮҶһۣһɹ˱С㣬ûһͬʱͷսޣǽ̣Щ£ȥ԰ɣ
Ҷ۹ⲻ䵽ŮϣﲨӯӯĿһĶһ
ģ꿴Ů˱Ȼƥˣڲزס֮˺ֹҶԸǵڶԲλ֮ġ
һΣҹˮܽأȻȥε
һΣСȻĹ񹤣絶Ƥ׻סǳЦ״ķ١̵Σ׺ʿ̤СѥĿеɶҶ״۷ɫ֮¡
ŮҶĿתԼ¶֮ɫһ
ҶعЦСղ˵ʲôţ
Ůȥսˣ
ҶҪȥսޣ
ŮĪɣǼٻû汾𣿡


763 
ҶæӦȡս޲ʵǿͿԵģڽɣЩսɱҲģСġٺ١һЦ£ȴЦѾͷôϲսޣȤҪá
ŮҶǰĽ⣬ΪҶս˽࣬¶˷֮ɫǾ䵨ӵľɫһ䣬ʧֲмصûͷˡ
ҶƽͣһЦ˾ԼԺһסڴ˴ˣòȲ̽һĵΣʶ㡣
⾫طнƣʹʶܸţҶֻòв̽ˡ
žһգֱҹ֮ʱŵõԼҪĽΪ̵סΪҹֻһͷΣ⾫УҲǲͬһСԺޱȡ
İ⣬صԼסϸ˼ۣ붨ڤɾʱҶͻȻоΧĿƺһ˲䱻գ
һ㺮âŴȫĹȫ㼯µĺ֮ϣ
һһɱ֣
һһĸ֣
ûоκοǣҶͬһʱ𣬻нڰҹһ磬ĿиӦǹɱӭȥһǲִٳ֣ȴȻư磬Ȼ
һĿĹ⻪ҺСԺֻҪҶһ˾סҲھˡ
ͬʱҶҲдӲŽ˲䣬ɱģĪҪ׷ɱôҿ϶˶ĸֻ֣Լ˵͵£κˣΪʲôҪɱ
⣬ɱȻֻаʥľ磬ȴҶһرоԼУµⷢɱֳֵһҶܵһ㡣
ǸɱȻû뵽ҶܶıһΪ鱨ɱһмƣȴ̣ͬ񿴵Ҷ֣ɱֺڽ˫һͬʱҲߵ˵ķѵģ˵ľ֣ҲһɱˣȻ
룬־ܣȴҲΪһȦת˸ѸһĮ֮кޱ飬УԹԹҲ
ҶһкнǼ˼ֹ
ϣ
ٴֻཻһ죬
͵ؾཻ֮籩ͻϮȴһֵһж;СС֮ڣҶ¾ˣⷿﲼ˽ƣֻĶ紵öᣬˤһء
ɱֻһ飬һ쳣޴̲סͷһ𣬽¡ۡסӣȥҶһĿڽ֮һ󷢰ף
˭ģҶ䶢ԶͬڵʵĴʥ壬벻кˣ
ɱȴһԲǲм˵ͻȻӹȰƶͬһһʱԽ֮ɵľ룬ƶٶȹ죬ȻһĲӰ
ŪٶȣôҶȻ׿ԭأнĽӰȴ˷޿ײЩӰ˹ȥϵεѪ
Լ޿ˣɱӥεضסǰҶԼ٣ü⡢ֱۡزȴеѪۣҲѣһѪ
棬Ҷӱֱվһ˫۾ȴԾ侲ʣעɱ֣ɱв˿⣬һܾǾصľˡ
ν֣ɱѾ֪ǰνķһΪԶԼ֮ϣ֮£ĶֲԼӦģһսλٴȥ
Լȴа֮⣡
ӽ񣡲ܲȥɣ
һĪУһ˫侲۾ѪҲƺ죬ޱߵɱ⾪κ˰ӳתۼ䳤һѪҶӭ
ҶĪĹһļ£ɫ䣬ƴӣȴһ죬ɱȫѪ꣬ӵ⣬ֶ
ҶڰգѪֻ֣˲䱻͸֮ǲɣֱҶװѪ֮ʱ硢ұ۾ŨŨѪ£һʥǿߵĹȻˡ
붼һֲ˼飬Ϊû˻֪Ҷ˿̵ıϵ亹ѾУɱ֣ɱУΪɲǣɱִһʼͱűľġ
ɱ֣ԼڰʥҶһҲֱһ̣ų֮ģһʥǿߵһԼˣ֪Щʥǿ߻ʲôС
ԭΪԼкнǲ֣˾ͬУ޵аĴڣ󣬲ſЦ̾ԼǰҲδҹԴˡ
ǰѻѪɱ֣Ҳǰʥļ𣬹û֮ٶȣĽԼǳɱȻȫֲ㣡
ȥдͨǿߣҶ֤ʧ֣
ҶҲȫţһֻ֣ҪԼһ⣬½ĻпԼ
ֻ벻֮У˭Լ΢΢üһѪǵķӣҶлһʱԶٽˡ
Ȼһ磬Իҳ˺ԺСˮС
ɾʱҶ΢ǰʰһöϽƬֻдӽҹ˶ӡ
Ҷʱ˿ԭСүˮ¥̨ȵ£ҹУСүǱ޵ģûҪлھȥʵҹ̵ʲôӲˣҲ̫Σˡ
˵һ仰ͷʯȷʤεĹ̫ˣ治ֵģֲѩ統ʱ˵ֻҪԼóְλͻͷѪ
ģҶȻҹʲôʱ˵ˣۿĻᶼٵÿɶͷΣԼǰǼ£ڲףµƨʵʵھһ¡
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⳶һλ͵ļͣʹ·ҹסȥ
ھԺһľĽ䣬Сľ¥ڻƮУű¡
͵ҹСסС澺ףɵСģ
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͵ΪҹСŮǵĹϵȴʵûЩСҿأ
Ҷ׹һԼĿģɿһ֪߰ɣһָǼһѳţ˵ҹСΪܸߣӵģĪҪ
ҶѵǰСߵй𣿡
ֹйֱ춼УһѩӶߵ˳ҲŽСĵ㣡
ѩ綼ߣС澵ǹ׵ģԼ治òҶһͣ䣬ͦسС¥ȥȻǴְģˣҲǡ
ҪǰһãµľȴӦֶ¥СˣҶĿһɨͨ¥¥ݣһ׳׳ɫһһʰ¥
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Ҳ䣬ʱȵ˭
ˣҶⲻ𣬴¥ŸݴֱԸ񣬸պһͯɷ˳棬ͬʱȻ
Ҷ벻ײϵķŮͯϸһ֪ŮװֲôԷȴ벻иİ¥⵱浨졣
Ҷ˲ƳһۣȻʲô
ҲЦ
Դõְλȴһֵͷ޲ͳȥ
˼䣬ͯŭȵ˭㴳˼С뷿
ҶڷŴɫƣ΢΢ǳЦҶСȤҹСǵġ
ŮװͯӴһȻûôֱӵĻش𣬶һתӣС㣡Ҷأ
ûκηӦ
ҶԤڼӣȴСӼ˵£ڼӣǹ£ԲΣ̤ͯǰǰӡ
ͯüͷͬʱҶζƵģȴûһ˫ʱʱתһתǳˡ
Ҷһ·ȥҹС㣬ﲻֻ뿪
ˣҹһ
ͯȻҶĶ֣ʱ޴룬֪Դ
һ὿ŮڷСҶһɣ
ͯӦһһԣó֮·
Ҷ΢Цſ麣뷿
벻ڼ滷ɴڵӴ
ҹϯضǰų٣ݡܰĸо
˶ѵʯϰ͸Ƥڶ˶Ҷǰһ
˴ȴһɳˣҼʣֻҪǶϧ˶˺
ֻѰŮ˵ķ̬¶ţĶ壬ʹ˷µͷѹôΪˣԼ´ˡ
ջһϣȷʤҶŮ
˻ʱŮװСõС㣡Ҫ軹Һأ
ҶҡͷÿСǵģҴС徻ġ
ǣδ˳ģȻҪǣҹꡱЦսսӣɣԶûô߸ϣСø衣
ҶʱѹҪ۹۱ǱǹģҪ˵ҹǣһ磬֪ǱԸҪأ
ҶȻô֪ģ
ҹӯӯһЦɽ꣬ˮΪߣѩĶ֪ЩԼ׷̫񣬶Щݵ
ҶһҹС㲻Ҫܾ°ɣУ˵ʲôҲˣҰŸĲ°ɣǷ񡭡٣Ƿ񡭡
ҹǴȤ뵱ȴŶ룬ȴõˣ֪ϧαأʲôŵֱԺˡ
ҶЦСǷʹֶνаȥôñΪ֮ˣð㵲Щҵ³ͻˣԲŻֹСЦˡ
ҹһĽЦڰ׷ʵӺĵһۣ𴺴а֣ͷβָľ䣬ҶµûԹҹǲģɲǺõģǰˣܿĪ
ҶȻˣСΪҪ߰


764 ѩ
ҹµΪҸı屾ΪҶʽӺĻҹСˣΪԼ˽ôһȨ֮в̣
Ҷ벻˵ôһипĻҡͷ̾ҹСȷŮӣΪͼ˶ôӣټֻǲҰԲСΪ̹ףС㲻˵˵ῼһˡ
ҹȻɵϣΪ˼ѽӵϢɱ֣Բ㣬ְ֮ɱ֮Ķ󡣡
ҶȻһʱ˵ҵǵģȴû뵽⻰Լû˵˵˳ֻȴ֪ЩӶĴɱѾʼ˰ɡ
ҹЦᣬ˴㲢㣬ֻǾټΪҶֻһİ뾫ˣˡ
Ҷһָееʧ䣬ҹ˼ԴĦ
ҹĿ⣬ҹˣ£Ҫ˯Ѱˣ峿һһְһ˵εġ
˵ΣҶͳڶΰɣʧȥ˿ܱĻᣬԼҴлڵЩˣΩǡ
ҹ͵ʾ˵ҶΪȴְأһְλݣȴƸΪ£ڴСˡ
Ϊ㵣ƫֲҷԡ
ȹѩ磬ߵúúлҡ
ʹҶ֪ԭ£ڵȻҹһְѩȴְټ˹һְҶЦá
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ҶѩһۣǸȻҵû뵽㡣
ѩȻһǼ米һĴָޣ˵ʣ㽵صǰ;ɰϽͲסįΪҶֶĶˡ
ҶаЦҹ۹ôߣôܿԼ¾ԼҲ֪ҶʲôĸоȴѩһˣҡͷˣСֻͬңźҶ˵˼仰˷Ź£漰Ů֮¡
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ҶΪ֮ͬʱ󲻽һ²Ϊһ£ʵɻĺܣҪ˵ϲҽѣΪԲˡ
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ѩû˿ı飬Ҷа⣺ԼǶˣ뵽ʵʲô֮£˵ܲΪǣ
ѩ絭Ҷһۣĳǲ岻ֵģҪ˳ˣôҲɱǼ߹
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ҶΣ߱ߵΪĴʥǸʥ壬ΪεĻȨļ̳أ
ѩȻܿҶݵôӣͲ̸ˣݹֽʥƣ˵ÿ嶼Ǹƣǳɫȴûжٸʢƻ廢ӡҲģ˿гҿõģȴѪ׿ʨˣȻû֣һǸһɲĸо
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Ҷ鲻ԽδҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ࿴ƾ޿ܵ£־һֵģĲ¿ɷ࣬ٵǻһеԳΪ̾޼֣ʱȨҲ޿ܡ
ѩüɫ裬̾벻Ҷ˼⣬վƾҶһϯֵ֪Ļ־ϧʱôһ壬ҲΪҶָеϧ
ҶʧЦǧҪҿ̫ߣֻǺһˡ˵ҶͻȻͣܿ˿ǵˣôôˣ˹˵һ·ߣҲ֪ʲôʱѴ֮С
ʱѩգգ۵ǿ£ĵģ
Ҷɵص﷢ģ㲻᲻ط˰ɣط߻ӣº󣬿ƨˣСȴô죡
ѩȻʱ⣬֧֧һЦǲѣ㲻˭ָһ·أ£㶥鸮µݣ˭Ϊ㡣
ҶЦԸˣֻϣȥ
˴ʱ߳мϣڳǵǸҵĵطͷţǣϸۣë壬ȱȽǡ
ѩҶļͷεķض࣬Ϊֵ룬ֻҸֲģ·һˣµļһּ֣һǮҲʹ
Ҷ㲻˵ôô˰֣
ѩɵȻȻее
ҶЦֻĵôӵûƼɵЩķ֣ҪǵЩƶ˼ҵǮŪغ죬ͿΥˡ


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ѩ翴Ů˫Ŀһ뵽ʲôӵĺ÷ӣǰЦеأȻЯ֣
ǰһתͷƼѩ磬ֻһϷ鴤£͵ɿеŮ̶һƤ򣬹µµѩ£е繫Ӻã繫ӺãСϹۣûƼϣ
һʱ䣬޲ɵۣʲ棬ƣ˭֪һѩ磬˰أҶҲ΢΢ԾӦǸһ֮ûҪѩ˾ηĪɣǰѩթġ
ѩ֣ŰִԴЦص˵ȢʮҲˣͶթɫ֮أ
æǶЩ˸ӺҽеģСġô硣
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£ѾʪСģСȢţֻǡֻ㼸ѣСļġ
δ䣬ѩ緢һЦð̧ͷҶݸ̾ɣЦ
ûֵܵĻôѩߵվ
ллλӣлл繫ӡĨĨϵĺˮ繫ҪҪȥ裬ҪЩʲôСһһΪ㱸á
ѩЦЦҡͷҾͲȥˣøʮΪѹѹԺٸҾͶ㴫ڽӴļһȡҪԪ飬ʲôмá
ͷҶȴĿɿڴаթôҲ̫Ŀŵ˵ɣ
˵һͨѩŵϹأԪóװã͸ǽû£³ӣȥɣȻȥ鿴ˣԺҪú÷ʡһ¡
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ѩ俴һۣųҶȥѰһĿ֣
ȵҶѩԶŸ̧ͷ¼ūȴһһͣ⵹ڵأūţϹۣѩǰ棬Ҳӣƽ״Ѫ
ŭеİӣΣȥ
ʱҶͻȻ̾ӣǲ̫ԵһھթͷôǮͲŻô
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Ҷ̧ȥֻһӣҡмɣҸһˣһŴۣͷǵͷƮƮұȴǽ𷢱۵壬Ų£ָݣ͡
ѩװŹ֣ǻӣ޲㣬Ȼ书һʱ죬Щԥ
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˵òѩ΢΢˵ͷʩչˣھȥɣ԰գҶֱֱǻ˹ȥӰһ֮䣬ûʲô𻨡
ǻãȻ֪·һѷ죬һӰ˲۲֮ӣҶУСѩ綼û
ųǣǽֻǰȻͣһװӣƿһ˿ȻĿĽ⣬ЩԪһ𣬻ǹĵġ
ѩһЦӺϣ˼ųӳһʻȥۼɫڣҶѩҪȥʱиӵеˣˣҸϽ
Ҷһ΢֣ٽѩ磬ֵֻطϵȥʱֻܳһȺӣ飬ǧˣ˵磬ôڲߣǻΪ㲻أ
ʮͣһδϤС
ٺ٣羹ȻӦҪúչǣ᲻ѩӳһһССȺУŪ
Ҷڳϣѩ粻ЦҲһɣٺ٣ЩСȤĺˣ
Ҷ΢ЦͦĵģҾͲͽȥˣ
ѩĴۺĳصǸ´ҵʱڵвĺ˶Ҫ̭ÿ춼ѹ֮УҲֻЩͯаСʱҲ
뵽ΪӣΪ棬Ц죬ֻ˶ԣĳͻĹϷʱͿɶթˡ
ʵԼҲôΨһǿһľԼû塢ǣң±Ƚˡ
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ʱѩֳ߰СǮ͸Ͻؼȥüļˣ֪ô
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ѩ纬ЦһһӹЩŵȥҲллǵĸĸǡ⡢ζҲˣ
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ҶȻѩһǼ米һĴָ޵ǵеЩСǼѾֻɰѵδ꣬ضǷǷ治֪Ǵġ
ѩҶ˼΢죬̹״øУ͵ʵǶһЩ޸ĸĹ¶ҲǼǿаСУŽǼΪЩʲôĴ£ҪȻҲὫ͵˴˼ȥˡ
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ѩµֻҪѩһ죬ÿһˣûеӸȥҵģɱЩ߹ֻȼȲĹѡ
ʱҶѩ粻濴ȥô򵥣Ϊɱȫһ¶ȻֻֿȷĴԼ֮䣬ĪеԵˡ
̸Ц䣬ҹ֮ʱѻص˳ʱֵҹ֮ʣϴǵƣӵѩȽ˷ܣҶڳڿĽֵߡҹš
Ҷһܣ˴˹ʲôƨ֣룬ҪиŮ㣬ǻ࣬ܺΰľ粻㣬ȴֲΥѩ⣬һô˵ҲԼϵӣôҲӦӸǡ
ʱǰ洫һҵѩһѣԼһԡ
Ҷȥֻ˳׷һԣһǰжʮĺ
ѩԵһˣݣϽ㲢˫ӣϧϽǳıѩˣȴǳĲ飬ļһûк³̵ģ˾Ȼޱȡ
ǰͣ
˴ʱһʿѩȥѩܳæ˳ȥʹĳǰ복ڵˮѩ˵˼仰󣬱ߡ
ѩüЦһɵճյģֱˮȥԶˣջĿ⣬ҶЦЦû͸¶̸ݡ
ҶνǻظҪȥ
ʲôѩһЦߣҴȥʶһ£Ǿ漣֮


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ѩ˳ǣһɽ֮ɽϿȥƽ棬ϸ鿴ȴ֣ᷢʵɽһ㵭ĹĻסˡ
˴ֱʵĽƣټĺܣֻ֪ɽ϶Щʲô
ѩ糶Ҷɽ£˴һţȴʥǿɴһ㣬Ϳɿɽ֮챦ˣȻƣȻҪʥǿػ
ʥǿͻȻҶѩ΢΢һعһͻȻȵأ뿪˵أ
Ϲ˹۲ǣӶʶôѩɫһŭȵҹ
ԭѩӣҵһʱû壬ֻֻʥӵܲܽ룬˵棡ʥǿߣѩҶ̾
ѩȥҶֻعͷʥǿһۣüͷӵȻ֪أ⿴ͳˣߡ
֪ӷģǡʥǿ߲˵ͷû˵꣬һɷۺɫͻȻѩ͵˳ڶʥǿϡ
ʥǿߴһ˹ֵĹ죬ڼ̵ʱڱ͸ڣһûüֱڵϣµļ޵ĺɫ
СҸӶ죬ͷԣ浱Ӻ۸ѩߵڵʥǿߣ¶ֵ⣬ΪҪܶͨİʥǿߣ֮£ԣһס˼ңͲˡ
ּѩ˸ɴİʥǿҩڵأľǰ޵ѩǺֶΣ֪ʲôȻһסλʥǿߣ¿ɴû仹ҩ
ǺĲ֮ҴϽ͵ģϽˮǳãˮϧȫǶˣȥ󣬻֪ôϽ㽻ˡлҪ˵ͽȥɣȻǲҲֻʱٹʱͻǰӰ࣬ժȡɹʱ٣ҶǧҪժǶ٣ǵһҪժ͸˵ģЩľͲժ
԰գѩŶѾȫԹȥĿ԰˶һص֮С
ҶȻҲ˽ȥ
źһʯʯΧнƣֻͽߣʯԼ֮һǳ徻ڡ
·ߣֻһڴʯ촦ʳĺ̷ɫ̶ˮԶԶıҶеһ̹ǵĺ⣬û˿˪ļˮĹŹ֡
Ҷܿ콫עȫŵһÿù֮ϡ
ĺĺ̷Աߣ˸ɿݵЩֻѾ꣬ÿ϶öɬֻ͸ȴǷǳϡ١
Ҹ˿յǣЩһɫˮĻţϲĻӦ󷨡
ѩ֣Ҫȥժ˽ƣҶһᣬ΢΢ü²ֻҪЩƣͻٹɣɵòʧ
Щõģѩ絭ЦЩͻȻѽһѵݵҶеɫýȥ
ԭרŵժȡߣӹδһͨ˷֪ȥһ󷨣ܻܿᾪѲأǾͲˣҲѩᣬΪʮ̰Щ
Ҷ֣ôʼʱ䣬ɲ࣡ѩͷЦŽĿתҶãɱûŶ
Щб̰ͼҶǫõժȡ󣬻ȫѩаɣ
ѩЦЦĿҶҪ˵Ŷ漣֮ɹÿ꣬Žһιͨ˳һöһ꣬ǰ뾫ˣ֮೤ȴ˵̫ˣѩѵýһѣɲôԲȡģҪѣ˵Ҳժϰöϰꡣ
⡭Ҷеӿһû뵽ѩΪժģԼǲӦҲϲһ룬Ǵͷ
ʱͻȻͷһ裬ʯڴһۣѩҲüͷһ壬һ㣬ҶԱߣ۶ڴҶһһţصġ
ڴ΢Ķڽ
ٺ٣ѩ磡û뵽ô󵨣Ȼҩػ˽ɹ԰һɭɭͻȻͨ˹
ӡôˣѩһɫȻ䣬Ȼһ̧ͷڴ˵ã㾹Ȼˣֺαڹڰ
ﶼˣزʲô˼ŴͣͨӰһΣ߽һλİӣŨüһſŰ⣬ĵбһҶһۣѩ޻֪˽ˣ
ߣȥ״;ȥˣӿɲŴģѩĴ˻ӡĻһɫӡµ̽ŮǱ´˵İɣ
̸ʲôˣֻҵ¼㽣澵Ϊ΢дһѣѵΪС£ĳʦﲻɣӡ۾һУɫ˵
ʲôд裡λֻǰʥһΪǰʥΪǼӵŮĲǿҪմָǷҾ˲ɣѩɫһ˵
辫壡ôңҹСϣһͷλ¸λŮˡӡ΢üͷͲں˵
ҽʲôϵ·£ӦЩ֪Ļӡôˣҵдһѩһᵽҹȴŭ
ҪҺд裿⻹˰ɣҪ֪۸ıܵܣǻƴҿɻĿʲôӡ󡣡ӡ˸
㡭ѩ⻰һ󷺺죬յ˶ԷһۣȫͻȻűһ˻ӡ
ѩ糯Լ˹ӡѩôӣҾͺдһ°ɣӰһѩڱصõһ
ѩ侪ңҲŻӡƮȥ֮
ҶŻӡŵеλ˰ɣһȥҹġ㺮סɶûɣȴŵһѻˣҹĿºӡ󣬾͵Цˣ
ʱֵֽһҶ˹Ҷһ䣬΢΢˹ȥ̧ͷȥֻһɽ֮ϣӡһʯϡ
ѩȴỌ̇̄ķԽбǧâӰˮк˳ֹȥȫƴĴ򷨣뻢ӡʲôһ㡣
ӡĳ£˫ֻȭץƣоٽżߣħӦѩ׵ĹƣʱҶǸߡʮԶսмľԹεȫ񶯡
˻ɵԼߵݣҶֻ˺˰ʮɡ
̽ͷʱֱ䡣
ѩٻӡϿմ׺նֻأӡȴֻزȴռϷ磬ѩ绹治ǻӡĶ֣йְ
ڴʱѩһŭȺͻӡƺͬʱҶ΢΢һѩ粻֪ʹʲôֶΣȻûӡ˸ҶϸʱǰӰƮѩЦصߡ
ʱֻӡֱ֮ϣеӡȻûѪҲѪޱȣӡɫǴһۣЦֵӵֶңѩδҲ̫СˣҪ֪ô
ѩЦʲôֶΣֻҪ㣬жҲ˵Сˣ㻢ӡҲʲôʴľӣ
ӡȻӶҵȴҲСˡ
˭֪ѩЦϣܾСҲΪźã
ӡɫ΢䣬ּװ㵣Ц˭ǺС㣿ĪͷɷʾԺҲиչ˼
ѩĵصСˮȸǧС㣬ǰУΪĸͽ䣬ͶˮҲ˵˭˵ֲ֡
ӡŭҺιأ
ѩĿתһۣЦ㻢ӡ˵޹أǾ޹ˡ
ӡһӹһ˿ƣ˭Ҳ֪ʱЩʲôֻǿȷʲôͷвؽһհ׵ģҹϷôãҲӦˡ
춷ѩӣֺαؽڱϣһЦңʣ²մһֻѩèƮȻ


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ãʲôѩһ΢΢Щ䱸ĿһֻҹǰŻԼίߣڱȴǰĻȡ
ͷ߹ڣȣĿɨ˻ӡһۣ䵽ѩϣȻͣҶɫһֳһЦݣҹôῴһ˲أ
⻰ѩĿҶһۣߵԭΪٺ٣ǿЦˣǾȻΪΪͷУʵǽ˷塣
ӡĿһ˿⣬ȷΪҶΪȥɱҶɱû΢΢Щǹڴ˽סҶѩ磬̽һҶǸôˡ
ڿȫߣвԼȥɱֵ˭ɱģĪǼһﴳ˵طþ鸮ָˣ
ӡǿҶߵݣԭģˣܹ񾫴ӡּĸ֡
ƫǡ쳾顷ޱȵĹŹ֮ǹ˼ֻҪ΢ΣȫﶬߣޣҶʹϢܷǻĳ
񾳽ЩϹȻҶһַûʶơ
ʱȴ΢ЦҹԼûвһ뿴ʱźܴķֱʱδ֪һѿ϶֪ˡ
ҶаȷǸ۲ˣȻϸܶ϶һ˼飬ֲڻ·ϣһɫĴԼԭͶԼĴ⣬ԼҪʮźá
ӡһҲô࣬ҲҹûпСӣɱˣһ˰ˣʡƾ׶Ķ֣ȻͬһֻϣҲпܷ⣡
ü᲻ŭҹһһУѽҶȫΪ֮ֱӽˡ
ӡ̾һһֱΪ֪ǰѪ׿ʨߵĽȻһ£Ϊȷǲ˲ģ̸¼غͽţسڣΪ۷СʲôãҪòûòҪƷûƷΪֱӵ㣬ҹȴԸС׽ҲмǣⲻҪɷҵôʵܲˣ벻ֶΣҪɱ
ѵϹ˹ۣȻСү˵˲ҶдߣȴЦλϴѳ鸮ˣȥʲôƨһְ
˵гѩʹ˸ɫŵҹСû˵ֹϵǻǻؼȥɣҪΪ֥С¶ۣµˡ
ѩҶһ㶼ĻӡƲϵİãɴо졣
ʹڻӡڰõĹƣ಻޼ɵĿǡ
֪ӡҶ˵¶˵ĸо΢ЦҪúһƭ󵨿ͽĽɣ̶ã
㵱ֻһôѩһǰһҶǰ档
ӡĿڰõѲ£ЦİӰһٶƵУֻΪСӶ淢ѩⲻ˵ھ鷳֣ǣѩһ£СӾͿɡ
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Ǹڷɱ޹Ů̧ҶЦ֣Ҹ𣿡
ҶкâһҲû룬йâһнҽжѳ룬ӴѪ㵹˵ϡ
ʱ˲Żعۼ˲ŭһ𣬳Ҷȥ
輰ĸҶŭգǻסȫ֣һ˸һ˲ֱʱѩ˲ſĿɿڴֳҶ֣ɱģ
ҶջغнߵŮߣ侹ȻȻȥͻȻӿһ󱯰ֻӳһŻ֮𻯺󣬲̧ſѩ޲Ϊûǻɢˣ
õȻɱҶ°ԵˣٿһЦԺ󷽵Ҳ뿪ˣűһŲǶ°ѵˡ
ѩ֪ս⣬׷׳γ˸Բεơ
ʱ°Ը׳ǰһһУʮӰ˳γɰΧ֮ơ
°ŭݣ۹ӣ䵽ҶϣӲȥұ˵鷳ϻոˣȴû뵽쾹Ȼ˸̫ͷ϶
ѩ̤ǰһЦȺͶ׽׽һ飬һâ뱳𣬶ʱ䣬ɭˣ°ȥͣд֮硣
Ҷû뵽ѩһԷֲ֣ɴʹ졣
°ԹЦƣͬʱгһĺסһѩĽϣѩ羪춯صһУʱȫƳ˰лʽ˿
°ԵƣǿϷˣһЦδ׽˵䣬Ʈٿ۵ѩλҲ֪ʹʲôַϷɳ˳ǹƿ˸Ȧѩȥַ֮
Ҷѩ粻Ƕ°ԵĶ֣һӹһУȻվ΢΢һЦеҵһôģȻϲѩҲȥ
֮ãɭĶƽ΢ЦҶ°ԳǹڵɱĴ߶֮£ʼѸ͵ıڣ֮ϣɫĹâ𽥵γһɫס
߻ɸ֣мܣ֣ɱһǿ̫ˣǿ˵ķٶȣһܹõĴȡԲڵġ
ԣÿǿߣս֮ʱȵĶǽٻ
ٻֵĶ°ԣҶһ֮ϣҲǻĸһĨأаգɶԷϾһʵʥǿߣԼӲã
΢н֣Ҷ֮ڣһҲǿʼʶ֮ڣΪṩս㹻
Ȼ׼ãǾͿʼɣƻڳǹ֮ĦţԽԽӿ֮ʱ°Ȼһͺȣڵ͵һ̤Ҷȥеĳǹ΢΢һȻƾ˼ѩ׵ǹ
ǹ⻯ΪһĨɭӰӣݶĴҶӣǿߣˣԺָֻܿͷΨһ㣬ԣڵйֱȡҶͷ­
Ŷ°ԵغݶҶ΢ˣеĺнĿᵲ֮䣬Ǹ˳ǹĹƾ¡

˵ƶǹÿһнĽ棬ὦԼ졣
ٴͨҶһᣬ°Ҳǳ׵ҶʵǻһĨػȣֻҪҶʥǿߣô㲻Ϊ壡
ţ˼Ǹز¶ϸƣ°Ծǰʥеǿߣѩ硢뻢ӡ֮벻ķۡ
سǹ˺ƿ谭죬ش̳
ҶĺнҲͬǺδν֮֮⣬Ȼڳǹںн֮ʱǹ΢΢һǹͷȻһڣȻƿ˺нɹӭĺн
ʱˣ°΢УһĨ⣬Ȼǹ֮ϣǹâһ˲仯Ϊһ磬Ҷȥ
һﻹЩ£þУֻƾнֻµκβǵǹ⣬Ҷ弱æ㣬ڵ̤һը죬ʱ
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Ҳٶȱ׷ض°ԣҶüͷ壬۽־ȻǽǣļͷһԾ˫͵غ󵯡
ǽڽӴɲǣ֮ϣϣ΢΢չǲֻһ죬ҶͻȻóɵӰ
òӰΣҶڰգкнתȦȫ֮󣬼׺ƥؾŶ°
ʨǹͷӰ;õö°üͷ΢壬гǹ͵һתһͳĺǹ֮⣬˲䱻һɵɫιΧĿ类˺һ㡣
ǹ΢һ֮󣬱ǴһɴƶĤƷ֮صĵĿĺн֮ϡ
ؽཻ֮СС֮ͻأ𣬾òϢֽ֣ʼսսάССռڣɼ˶ԱĹõԡ
ò˵磬Ǻ磬ͬߵʵ࣬ȷֻܴΪһʥǿߵĶ°ԣ䱾Ĺۻ̶ȣ缫ǿ޼
뾽еҶ°ȴǵһЦȰεض𣬽ڿ񱩵ٵҶͷȻһ̽һҶץһﾹȻҶ


771 ׺Ů
ҶȻһۣվԭضҲζ°ԵĴץɵ°ƸոմҶͷʱɫȻһ䣬ֻҶͷһǿӿ͵س£ڱӿ̱óٻ
û״Ķ°ԣ²ͷЩң嶼ǱûȻϰתӦͻı仯
ùͷȻһͷ°ԼæˣҶΣȴȻ󣬵͵͵ɭȻЦõö°ȫСүͷôİɣ
ȳһߣУҶĺнȻ𺳵˺ѿѹ죬ݺݵĶѾóٻĶ°Ժȥ
ȻϮǿ;õö°ɫ䣬еĳǹæֶȻӿϵ֣ٴαŨࡣ
˲ʱ䣬ֻüö°׼ô࣬ոռӺֵķ֮ʱнǺݺݵĺ֮ϣֻأĳ
;ֱõö°ɫ͵һףȻǰˣͷ˫Ƴŵأݵڰмշ󷽲Щĵ˼֮⡣
ոȣת°ɫٴһ䣬ת䣬ӿٵĽǺндһס
ղ֮ʱԶҶȵ
أ
һͳ죬°һҲ䣬һʹƺߣǣһĨѪ۵ĸ֡
ϧˡǾȻֻһЩ̫ƵĶ°ԣҶźҡҡͷһȻ̬ȻܹôĲǵٷһĻôεսӦýǰˡ
ǰҶֳֺн΢΢תĿɨɫĶ°ԣɵЦЦһ˴εĳԱ񣬿ȫԼ죬ͽɡ
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ʲôƨУ͸Ͻų΢΢һЦҶȴûͷ΢΢һһöеĵҩ̽˶ڣȻ𽥻ظ
̫ˡ°Цһϵ֣ȻʼɢǰѾǹ֮ϣʼһɫ
°ȻճǹЦʨѧŭѪҵһʹãգ֮°ɣ԰գͻгǹ΢һƥƣʱռ䶼
Ҷ֣СģŭѪĹ룬Ӳãܵеѹ֣ѩɫզ䣬æѵ
꣡ѩĻҶɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Һ֮౦Լ꣬ȻǽԼڶ°֣֮޷ҽˡ
Ŷ°гǹŨйҶȻ֪ƣһضǻصһ
̾ϢһҶεҡҡͷָһ״λ˻巨ٽţԷ⣬нٴγУʱȻٱ̫ˡ
Ҷľٶ°гǹ֮ϵԽԽŨ󣬶ڼ䣬ȻγһХʨͷģ
ǹ֮۶ɵʨͷ°һĨϲ⣬ٴηһĨЦݣгǹȻһ󼱲˲Ϣ֮󣬽ڵ͵һ̤͵ͷһȣʨ𣡡
űȵ£°еǹϣٱܵľ޴ʨӿֶ񱩵ʨ쳹ƬСأõΧ߾ɫʧ
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һҶһͺȣâ֮Укнŭ£һĳȺâ͵ĺнб;֮۵棬ǿռ䶼һƬǽ塣
Ҳ˽һζⳤȽƻֻһĹ֣ӺнһֱӵĶ°ǰ
ʨндľѹԼȵ¶ȣѳɶţ˫Ȼֲ£һĻõö°ͫһĨû뵽ҶȻܵĵֵĿʨ
ҧҧʱûΪǳĶ°ԣֻýڵҪĹעǹ֮УȻнصĺһ
䣡
޴ıƷâѪʨ֮һ޴Ŀռѷ죬֩һӶֱϮ֮У΢һȻ
ϷˣҶջغнһٴչһ˶¹°ԣֻһƺռ΢ţһӰӱڰпѪ󱻺ݺݵǽ֮ϣʱǽ˲仯һƬ棬
֮Уһ΢紵ҳɢҶֳֺнӰ֡
°΢΢鴤վҰɫǱõǵѪҶ°ˣҴҪˣŰɣһĨԹһӣˣ
ʱѩŽ°ԻܣȴȻҶ΢΢죬һƬ𺳡
źɷĳȣѩκ󷽲ŴлظϷʣҶԣĿ⿴°ԵıӰôˣ
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û°ɣҶ԰׵ɫѩ缱æһöҩ΢΢Щ˼Ƕ°ԻûȫſؿʨȷʵйһŽУԺƣͻˣ
Ժ£Ժ˵ɣⵤҩͲˣҲûʲô󰭣˶ѣĪɣ˲ɡνİ˰֣ҶưâһѪ˿һɾ磬ϯȥˡ
ѩ΢΢Щջ˵ҩʵ⡭¥ǻ䲻䣿
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Է飬ѾͷϲȺãȺÿĲãԺȰĸģһǶһţѾͷƲˣһƿ
Ҷ˫һ٣ʾͶ㣬ŶòĴ㣬С䣬Ž;˵أ֪ɷŹ¡㣬ĪٽˣСǸͷιҲԡСϢŭССѾͷƬӣҽԣѽҲ٣㻹˰ӵģ
˵˵УҶҲֻöˣ¶ѾͷסҶûüѵҹ˭̸ССã
Ҷһʱ䤱Լ˵ˣԩɱˣҹ⾫ɾͲôˣ
뵽ҶſѾͷڹԵޣλƺ
ѾͷҶһۣмصҲĽ㣬ҽʲô
ҶղŽҲʵ³Σų֣ĳô£㾡Һˣʹܸ
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ҹҪңôûĴҶԴװʱӣ·
˱²ɿȴǻģࡰꡱһЦӯӯת·С
ҪƣСӵĿǰװ׵ģǻģӽ㣬㳤ҶõıӰ⣺ѾͷҲѶԸôԶСүյķġ
൱Ȼ֪ƨ΢ЦҪƶ죬СϲںԵˣŭءС¥һСǰչ߸Ż
ŻƿҶٲ뷿Ȼ


772 ɱ
ԭ˷ǳмȴԴһΪĽǷŷƣһ鹩ϢĳСǽϻ˼Ե൱˼
ǰһΣɲģû뵽ղַĸı䡣
ҶͷʱһεεŮڴΪҹã
ϵҹֻҹȴ֪ʱҶһᣬҶ±С鲻Խε
ҹ̸²ףΪɲ⣬ĪǼļ䣿
ҶЦСˣΪ͵ĺܣܡ⡯֡
һߣڴĻȴԲҹҶȻ֪ҹ֮⣬һλŮӣݲҹ
ҶһֱΪҹӣӦֻһ棬ǹʾû̽ڿԼܲҹ˼һŮӵ˼ˡ
ΪλԼĻʾأҶ΢Щɻ
ҹӽͼʲôʲô򣿡
Ҷʼѻ죬˵ǽѵģ֪ǲţ
ҹת䣬ƽص챩¶ʵϣֻмˣв㣬δ̫Բ˰ɣ
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˿Сޱ߽룡
Ҷ˲һƵģֻͦţ˳ȥֻǵߵſʱͻȻͷ޻ʺ֣֮С㻹Ǿ±дɣǱ㺮סѸ֮һ棬Ϊҽˣ
⻰ҹʱɫ䣬Ȼ˵ʲô
˵ġ㺮סԶҲزˣҶعͷظ
ֵǸҹԱߵŮɫ䣬̰˹㣬˰ġ㺮ס˰ɣ޻Ϳֻʱˣ
⻰ҶҲֱȥҹڱǰףҪʧ˿ܳܵģǴΪʧɫټ򡶹㺮סϵףҶѩ˵רΪλ
ҹҵزûпܵģһ򶼷ǳСģ鷢
ҶҲ̾Ψ룬ûвȰ취
ʱҹƽô֪㺮סһ£Ҷ֪ˣ֪ģȻ侲Ҷ͸ӣҹް˿Ѫɫ
ŻѪĴͻȻ䱻֮һ棬֮󣬿֪
ҶֻõΪ·֮ʱҲڳ
Ҷֿ϶ҹ׷ȥ鶼ûˣȻȥɣ
ҶȴûжСɷأ
ҹЦдҪеģ˵ддģڼѷ£ҲӦˣԺ̫ˣŵ˽ֶ
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ҹ΢΢ķҵĻ˼һڱչأôˣȥȺˡֶٵ˳ݱҺ
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Ǻ˵ԼӦʲôֻкܲһʤѹӰƲ޾ľ񾳽硣
Ҷʶٿޣӯԥػн
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ǲȼƻ𣬶Ҷת£ĿȻԱǿĿɨ£Ͼɨŵĳмź۶ӲĿ
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뵽ʱһӰɷӳ
ҶǼˣδϾôµٶȣôµĹַ
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Ҷʱĸоһͨ˵˴ŭӿУʹѳֵ
ҺҶһڵأӽŵӿصףι̶Σʱ綫ᣬȡ
Ҷ֪ͷҲ룬кнۼȫָоȥֻȻһơҶ̧ͷ֮ʣֻһӰӡ
󣬾һ㺮âǰ
޼᲻ݵ͸ʹҪֹȫЩ񾳽ϹµĶ֣û
ҺҶϴʱͷ죬ֱµĵʩ԰ϮֻգƤĹ򣬵ʹҶݽƽδ
ۿкн׼ȷ⵲˱ʱԷ仯һҶĺнڿմ
ô޴ʩչĸоҶܵòѪ
ǰȫ˼
ҺĸоȴظԷĪĲĿѼλá
ǰе㽣âʹĿäֻܴƾоӦ
һϸĽѨ֮
뽣УȷǺ֮ҶԴǲڲ棬ûгԹҲûʲôˡǽ죬ȴƽһȽˡ
ʱҶĻϾ˼ӲպнջأŤ
ͬʱŤͷµĴȥ
ӰһҶĺнա
Ҷ˾ˣδУͬʱˣǲһʱӱľѳ
ߣҪš
ֻ֮ѽ߾ܣôԼҲҪŪµĵ˭Ȼи𰸣ȴȷ
ؽâʢ˷ǺХĽӰâ⣬ʵѲ⣬ռ䱻⡣
ҶȻûп˵ӰȴذյԷǰҪһԼ¸繥


773 
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ɱҶĵˣҲ͹Ҷʵ벻Ҷеĺн׷Щ˸ȴû˼Ҫ
ҶҲܣ˫ཻ֮ʱҶеעںнϵһӱнˣŵнһճ֮غнܡ
ҶΣңͻȻһн߰㸽ϣзС
ǵӰ΢΢һæĺ˿ͻȻڿնת֮С
ʵһâҶͻȻȵƣпճ棬˷㵽ף
ʵǵӰȻһ£ҶȷǶɣҶкâȻԼң棬̫ԲˣԼҲչ׷ҹļƻ
ʱҶѰ¾ģʵҲǶҹûкøУֻЩһֱѹԼˣöôһ֣ȻҶѪԡ
Ҫ崫˵еףҲҪڽնԼϮɱ
¶ĺҶڤ֮У˲ҪĿģ򲻻ģһҹ£ڤлѹһĽɢϼȻ
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˶ˣΪʲôңѣһҹڤչǣԼʢٺһЦڡ
ѩɫƽٱˡ
䣬Ůѩ翪żɽǲ˰ϮҶ֣
Ҷ龰ƭ˵ֻЩСˣһ뵽ֺ˵ٶȣ뷨΢ЦûӦþǶˣ
ѩȻǶƣȵֲڼϽ;У뿪һʱ䣡µĿҶܶϮɱǲ˼飡
ҶһȲǣһ˿м֮ɫ˭˭˵ˣĹ죬ߡ˵ҶҲоԼеˣȻŶƲɱԼҪ˶ƣҲûоԵİա
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ʱ˽ɷ˵޻ҪټҶ֣ϽҶַɻڴ֮գͿˡ
Ҷȴüʱټʲôǰè˵飬ԼбҪȥһˣ͵ȥҲá
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Ȼˣھͽɣһ˳˾Ц˵¥˼µŮأɨˣ޻ʹ󣬾ȥǹɣ
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ҶٺЦ⻰ɾͲˣ嶼ɫӦԶΪǿѹıԣЧ壬ǻŪòײ࣬Ŀ֮
ѩûĵֻǸ̾һ䣬бҪôѵСıӽ壬¼á
ҶЦɣֻڲҪɧʥصķ⡣һͨ¥£ҶͻȻ־ףƺһɱ˶ˡ
Ҷɻ֮ʣͻ
ʯͻȻһ󷭹űֵʯӣͻȻը̾ǧʯмҶ˼
оҶӦͻһxǣҶѻ˺нѶ϶µĴ̿͵Ŀ겢ѩ硣
Ǿļжǲ£տʼֽʱΪǶɱˣԼ´ˣŽ֣ԶƵΪˣûо԰ǰȻ״ɱҶ
ʵҲˣǵ޵ɱȻͬʱסˣȴҪѩϣʱֵȨ֮ʣһЩʵ壬¶һ
Ĵʥٹ̣ҪлᣬȾҪԸĴʥ壬ѩھеҪԣһȨ΢רȨѡ
ɱԾĴǷǳأҸ嶼֪ѩĴʥѡУΪһԲŻҵ֡
д̳ɹ¾ǰáǻӡˣҪɱƣǿ߳Ҷ벻˭ɱ
˲ǿߣʹټϱֻȼˣˣ˲ĻȨ֮ǴģĽ֣ǲпܳ
Щͷ˵䳤Ҳֻ˲֮£ʱʵܲڶ֮µĴ̿ͣҶĸҵкнȻһĿĹâЩʯм
ڼ꽦ɰʯм֮һâһ㣬ѩȥ
ѩף̧ͷʱֻѣĿâ⡣
ڄx֮䣬ȻᵽѾ٣Ϊâ֮£ƤˣʲôҸµģӶٶˡ
ʱκѩԱߣᾪʧ룬Ҷȴ侲ˮϺнȻһ죬һʮɳâХİâԴ˹ȥ
ǰâٳ֮ʱҶͻȻǰһЮѩ磬Ȼ𣬵ǰŸߣ΢΢ҶһİâžѾ˲䣬һ׵ľ޶ֱͨصףĵĶУð˿˿
âεľ޴ҶѩȴǶһֻǴʱѩ米ȫʪ͸ѣȻѣ൱ڹŹһ⡣
Ҷּʱ¾͵Ҫˣ뵽Ҷһۣĸм֮飬ҶȴǺЦЦʾûʲô
Ȼûʲôȴǵ˴ùǴ̿ͱɱһҲ꼰㣬Ǹʯм壬飬ǵâһ£ʱأڵϣʹ߲ѡ
ǿѩ硢ְʥǿߣ˼ֻһǱҪ˵ˣɴˣ֪Ǹôֲļһˡ
֮Ҷſѩ磬ĿĹˣͼҳд֮ˡ
ɾʱֻһһϸ˿İߣͻȻҶĺ󷽣Ѹ׼ƺдҲҶڳΪ֮ˣҪɱѩ磬ͱɱҶԣʱ˽ɱĿ꣬תҶϡ
ϸ˿ҶһȻתһϸ˿֮ϣ鷢ˣΪһϵ˿ߣûжϣһһֵʹҶȫһȫòϾкн˦ɡ
ⰵڰĴ̿ҲȻ벻Ҷһ٣ٶıɱʽҪʩɱʱҶѷڣЦһǰ˿ˣǲһԭʧٴγʱһǴ̿͵ĺ
Ǵ̿ͻҶʧȻ죬ϸһ룬ʱȴǴɱѩѻᣬ֮ʣͻ󾢷Ϯа̾ٿ
Ҷǰٿ䣬
Ǵ̿ȴӲŽ˶ȥһ¥ƴȥ
Ҷôôȥһ׷ͻȻһޣһ˫㣬֪Ǵ̿Ͳ֪ʹ˸ʲôַϳ˦һƬưҶ¡
Ҷһ޳ۣպƣܹ˳Ĺ֮ʱʱǴ̿û֮ˡ
ˣ˼ֻǴ̿͹ȰӰӣһ㿴ࡣ
ѩ˿̲ŻعͻȻȵ׷ʱЩ£׷ƿ׷ȥԼ֪Ǵ̿ƾ˵ӵӰӶûˡ
ҶǰѩʵܿǺô
ҶüͷȷֵȨ֮ʣʲôпܷеĲ룬Ҳֻܵɲ룬гϵĽ
ߣǶˣҲ˭ʵѩһкâΪǶƵĹ


774 
Ҷȴ֪˲ǶƣΪƽ֣Ƶʵ̿͵ʵȻ޼ǵĹȴһƫڿ񱩣һȴƫᡣ
ԽԽˣȻֳһһ̬ͶһҶͷʹѣھȻ¿ԽԽˡ
룬Ҷȴûб¶һˣڻı޻ʹȥ¼ѩԺ뾫¶лˡ
ǰһڹǰȥֱѩƽ˿ǰ˽ӽƫ;ǿдѩľչ̺
϶ʱлʱʱâһᣬ̾ѩǺ踣죬ֳԣȻ׶༪٣ɼҾϳˣ˴λȨ棬ѷܱ
һЩ⣬ŴҶȴɭ֮ҶȹСˮȵ֮ǰദ
ҶȻҲٻʹԺǳôŽءûʵĵطһʱĿϾǽʧݣɹˡ
ʱѲһ̨ףҶ棬һ߽ȥҶû룬⹷ƨô󣬻浱Լʥôдһ
һᣬ峤ϣҶŹٳУҶ޻ڵʯ£΢΢ʩңʱŹֳٲ
Ҷ˰̧ͷһʱ۾
ֻʮɵ̨ϣͼǹ°Χڸ߾ЩŮ˵ҲʮˣԲͬ壬Ծ鸮Ϊ࣬ҶǵοŮӡ
ֻǳ˺һĺβ⣬ಢ
֮ŮӵģŮӳ˱һĳ⣬Ҳܾ࣬ԭҶע󶼼ϡ
Ȼ̨£žΧظ̨Ҷָ
޻Ǿˣֻȴûо޻ǿ׳䣬ǲȷǾѪͳҶΪʨˡ
Ͽȥʮ塢䣬֪Ƿ֮ᷢƵģˣƾɿΪѴʥ徳磬ܵ޻ʣҲƾʵġ
ƺ̲ܶ΢ЦѺöõţ۲죬ᷢ۾¶һ˪ĳţ⡣
Ǹ򵥵ֲܳΪϽ޻ʵĵѡߡ
ҶͬʱǿľҲڴҶã΢΢һЦ֪УȻѹȥ˰꣬뵱걾ж֣޻ʱǺεɷҪϴ̬֮ҲЩЧ
Ҷ˵ãҲ֪ΪʲôҪҶ˵ЩҶ͸Ū޻ʵ˼ˡ
Լĸп˵ʱҶǸǳḻˣ֪ҿɲһ⣡
Ҷ㵵ʣ֪޲ԣ
΢Цͷǰûе޻ʱΪ޻ʣӵϵȨ󣬱޿գΪΪ֪ʵȴһ£ͬĽ׶Σвͬķգڸ嶼ַ˳ԲкζԲߣ
Ҷ̾ķκξ飬ǧûн֮ôԼֽ⣬йǧĻʷ˳ڵССܣдܣ֡
ЩҶԼ뷨йʷϷʵҲǸιֶΡ
۾˷ܵʵֶΣǵһ棬ʵЧ֪ηָأ
ҶаӦһͳ壬ȻдһͳֶΣҪϳַƣֳʥֱӹϽ֮£ͳһǣ˺ӣٽȫĽͨ;ãұΣķأ
̾˵ĻǰδиԶһλĪˡ
Ҷʧʲô
Ȼÿ꣬ͱҪѡȻҪѡӦĴʥѡУԾӦѡΪ˷գҺճֳھ壬һΪӲ⣬ⷬǻԥأ
ҶŵûðǶأֻʷֱ˵Ӧ⣬֪ˡ¡ĺתͷҲοѣŮĿڴԼҶæ򲻿ɣس
õΪһӣѵ޻һλô浽ʱ¶⵽ĴѹĺԸ
Ҷнп̵ࣺģӿһ࣬ʲôˣһݣҪ޻ʣº֪ͻΪ˲۵㣬Լ˲׷ɱԼϻλľ壬¶Ӷˡ
˰룬о̫ˣɵѩ֪𣿡
ûʱѩȷʵǾõѡȱ֮Ϊʥӣƾȫ޻ʣβ壬˰
Ҷ⣺ҵǱչԼݵϸ飬ʱҪѩһ֮ʱһɷѩӵߣԾҲаһģ
ȵ㵱Ը̷ѩ磬Ҫ֪磬ľʲôʵʲôĳ̷һˣ㲻ô
Ҷ΢΢һЦѩֵͬܣһ˵ղͳˣ޻ʣܽóϷܻ˵ˣĲ𱩱ˡ
üУЩⶼǺֻܴҪϵݣ屩һһһġ
ҶУҵôƫƫԼԱߵľҲǴд⣬Լı̫ͻЩһԼҳϣ
뵽ҶһڶᵱٱƣҲֻ뿪ɽˡ
Ȼ͸Һ;Ҳֻһ֮Եȴ֪ǸǸ֮ˣԲǸھߣο̽Լ
ҶĻɫһڵ൱Ϊβٿһأ
һҶ϶е뷨æף˵ѩΪ޻ʵô΢΢ò󣬲亹һССҪ󡣡ɳжȣҪԼ󣬾͵ǻˡ
˵ͷ˵޷
Ҷѩӵ׼һֻڻûãֻԺ˵
΢ЦֻСһҶǾѵõ˲ţҳϸǿɹ󣡡
ҲȻһЦһ٣ͻȻһҶкգ֪ʲôһ£ȴž
Ȼһʮ³ŵľǿ˽ҶЩȳĿ𺣬ӥȻǼǿߣһǱȽһ֣Ȼ⣺ԼǣҪֻˡ
Щǰһʩϯعͦñֱȴû˿ĸо
Ҷ΢ЦǾִʹߣĿǿߣǸղžڸڣ˵Ļȫˡ
Ϊ֮俴Ҷ˭ҶԾ岻ң˾ܵĺǣҲӲִʹߵ׷ɱ
޻뾫Ҷ޻ɣȻǳҶ̹˽ı̬ȡѹղֻҪһ¶뵱޻ʵľٶѽѪ˵ˡ
Ҷװֵ̿л뾫ΡеȻǵڶˡ
ʱһ޻ʣǰݡ
ʱ޻ѻָ֮ǰϣһ۵ڱκĳݣ۵ĵŰɣ
ȥ󣬲СС壬ȻҲǰ޻һλǲ֪Ȼδ˵꣬߳𣬽Ǳнʹӵڵٺ٣ذѩѵˣҲ¼ˣ
һԶڶѵ⣬ʱذѩѾٲţ̽ѵȻ˸ͦӢΰȴʯ
ƤǱŮӸۻȴ˿ûǻĸоʹ԰Եǿ
ڳ˭Ǽˣ˸ֶУ֪˴󲻼򵥣ֻǴ˾ȻԳӣΪȴû֢֮һ޲֡
˵ĿɨʱذѩĿҲɨˣǱɨˣ޲ĸоǶԷĿдĳζʵ
Ҷаޣһﲻ򵥣ȻԵ˵ķȺֶΡ


775 
ڴе޻ʹ޲¶ãȻɫѱ׷ˡ
ذѩֵ˲Զ޻ȴ涼ϼһΣ̫𣿡
޻Դذѩһֲ֮ɫȵñټ㾹Ȼ˽޻ʹõ
Ҷ޻δѻ˵֪ذѩ˼ɣɰЦ㹷ҧҲǴ
ȴŭȵ󵨿ͽ޻ʣȻ¹򣡡
ذѩɨ˾һۣмʲôڱǰ󺰴У
㡭ͨ죬ָذѩһʱȻ˵ϻ
ذѩ˴󵨣޻Ҳζ˺һԷŭҶҲڳʱº͵ĶҶѾûʲô£Ȼؾ鸮ȥɣ
ҶлЩһֱԹ޵үæʩˣֳϣʵǲӦڳ
ɾҶڹſʱذѩͻȻһһֵѩǸҪ㻤ţȪˣҸʱ䣬׽׽
Ҷһ٣û˵ʲôȥˡ
˹ţ뵽Ĵ֮飬Ҷ⶯ʱѽ޻ʹȥѰһ˾ۻһ·ѰȥȻɭֻ֣Ҫʥǿ԰صĹؿڣһ㶼ѲҶ
һʱѰһĻԷĹ⣬ȴⶼð˿˿ҶΪ֣鲻λղôԵĵطɡ
ô룬ҶǶ˽ȥʥнɽ췿޻ʹȻҲ⣬ľʯȱȽǣĻԷΪ֮ʤ԰ľʯ׳ɣвʯСһۣʮһתֻĴź
ҶںƬʱƵһС¥ƵýˣɼҶϡ֣ﺮԹԣòɣ
˼⣬¥ϴһʹҶ֣СӵͷһĪȵǣҪŶ룬¾ԷʧȻ
ҶϷܣͣڴߣûվȣֻ¥ִһϸϸҶת䣬ƿһ죬һŨŨĲҩζʱ˱Ƕ
һֻһ˾ľСϥͷһӣò£ﶨɣֻСһͷθ߶ȾȻСҲ˶١
Ҷ΢΢һ䣬׹뵽ͷѰˣֻǰ岻ֻǻô⣬ԲһİˣȴǸҽʦˡ
ֻԲɣ׵İ̵ϸߣɫƺʮֽš
ԷʮС裬ʢɫҩҺһλ¯¯ͭ˿ţϸŴССĽ룬·ͨ췢
ͷ磬һöպĽ룬һɫҩҺһеش̽СӵѨָ΢΢СӦ뷢һüȻʮʹࡣ
С֮壬ⰫȴԻ빥𶾣Ի𹥻ǸƣҶֻƵĵѣ൱ֹʣȻݽʹ࣬һСȻһغҺͷϵǿݻڵĻ𶾣ȻҽСûˣ
ۼǰӻҪСϲ룬Ҷǻܵô࣬ת顱һƴԾ룬׼Ƿͷһš
ͷȫ룬䲻һŷһƤŵعԶ
ҶҲ˲תҪγСϵĻ룬ָ֪δȭ綸ҶбһƳȴǷͷʱŭһһ߳
ͷôҶĶ֣ٴнţһߣ䵽¥ȥˣʱСͷ磬˭
Ҷһ㶣ӿһĸоȴͷִ˽˫ŭţɫգȴֺ޺޵ĲҿҶֶθסˡ
ҶҲָʱСͷϵб˿˿Ҷ֮ɺ룬ϸ鿴СڵĻ𶾣ͻȻٿؽȫ˽ȥ
ֽͷĻȫ˳һ֧Ľ룬ȻԼȡһֻƿЩɫҩҺнִСġ׵Ѩ
һ¶ΪѸ΢һ㼴γʱʱһСĴҪѨʱĴҪѨУһϸСĻ춾ʣ˽
ӼҶѨ֮׼˵ƽһҽûʶҽһʱڵ֪롣
ʱ¥¥ƿӣҽʦȭվһԣҶȴڲ룬ɫһ䣬ȵ󵨿Ȼҵס
΢һԥǰȥΪ׵˵˼仰һѽ⣬Ŀɬҽ֮ߣ뻯СӵĲоˣ
Ϊ׵΢΢һ漴ϲ˻棡
ʵˣôƭ㣡
ȻǷҽʦ֣ؽȴƴ룡ȻЩġ
ҽʦٺٸЦٺ٣
⻰Ҷüͷ壬ӣƤĿԣ̰ȴֲ˵СүҪһСӣ¾Ҫҽˡ
ֻҶСӵĲǲҽã
Ҷһ䣬͵ô죬֮мǣԺйصĶСӽӴ¸Բ֮ҹһģ
԰գҶͻȻĿɿڴУԾʧˡ
ȥһᣬ޻ͻȻŴ˹ʷʲô顣
˶ûҶ˵Ȼֻ˵и˵κСӵ׶֮壬¸Բ֮ҹһΡ
޻һ˿ϲɫ漴ֳ˼˵һ˲䣬ȴͬʱֶѡһʱò⣬ֻðˡ
С¥ԼİСӣǺ࣬ҲǴаο㲻ټƽˣֻҪûж⣬ʲôݣȻ˲Լ¶ݣֺαȥ׷ʲôΪ޻ʣؽеġ
ʱҶûص鸮ѩסˣҶΪçײδ˵Ƶһְ֪ʲôطȲ㣬ⲻǺô
ҶĵҪǲƵ´ʱѼˣʵȴʵ˵˵ǣ΢Цߵӣ޾ҵ׷ҲӦҲ
ѩ΢һ㵣˫Ŀ⣬һ󣬲ŵҶƴ޻֮λǷΪң
Ҷæ϶صͷҶɽΪ֪Ҷȫ޻֮λ
ѩգƺежȻⷳ˵£ͲҪ˵ˣߣҴȥźС˵ˣҪԭŮС㲻֮ɫԲ£ҽ㲢˫
ҶпЦǰȻܼŮȸԾֻ񾳽磬Ȼѱǻȥ椶뵽йƵġ
ѩ֪Ҷ뷨ΪΪҪҹһŮ˷ܵ˵׵С͸ĽĹʿ̸䡭
ҶȻ䣿
ѩȵ벻㾹֪£Сʥǿߣ˵Ϊܲڶ֮£ֻŮƻȨȻǺϣΪ޻ʵġ˼ˣȴ̫ߣҲǣһ㷲أûһۣӣ˭ܵʱ£ɷķ֮ͽ
̾һ˵òΪҶƾѡʸ񣬾ǲֻҶʫղѧô
ҶҲ̾˿ѩǲҪ˵ʵ
Ȼ»˵ٻô֮磬ϣ
Ҿʵʵ˵Ҫɱɱ˻ԣʲôʫղѧһϲͨ
ʲô˵ʱʻһƬ֮֡
ֺֻһСչǰƬСݣݺĶм¾ɵᣬһӵĸء
Ҷ׷࿴Ȼ徳ڣɾ֪ˣɴ֮ɼŮγס
źϵС£ɽٲɽ£ɽˮ滨ݣᷭشȻƣʵعţۣͨĵСʹ뵽ϣᡢķɡ
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Ҷ۶µɽ£ʯǿ̽죬ӭ裬̾żĻǲ٣״֮ģ֪⴦ĸȾǶôǿ󡣡
ѩͬеС԰Ƶĸ֣Ƶÿ㣬ʹĸо
һ;Сͤһ¥ǰĿյͣ粴㳵ȻÿͲֹǼ
Ҷѩſڣһɺ澣ڶƤĺβ¥ӯӯ֣ѩʩСڤ֮ѩӺλڿСƬ̡
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ҶٴοЦˣѿ֪ǺεȾɫˣɿ˱߷ľŮԼȴû޵컯Ūˡ
¥԰ʯɣӳڻԲ֮䣬ʽţ·ɾе¥סӡ


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ѩ絽ҶߵСˣڴݡ
Ҷͷʾ֪ļӺҹĻ֪ĶԺչȴڤ಻һַݣ׼¥
һ룬־ӰڵúãΪʣ಻òǼͷѵֵŮ˱ܿεȳ̶ˡ
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ԴˣҶҲֻпЦģͣ󣬶˽Ŀһ
װεøɫǲϯԼ鷽齣ڷԣ԰ְ˲ֽ
һߴǽһŮﲯ󱡲ʣŵݣǡֵسŮ˵Ĳʡ
ʱ鼸ˣÿ˲ȣʮ˶ǵ̸¾Ů˵ڤ롣
ѩͷ߽ڣʱһվΪĴʥ֮һľ밲ʩ񣬻Щǳѩ磬ʱ֪˭æ
Ҷһ۱ע⵽мûֻǵɨһۣЩУȻٲ˰뻢ӡȻûϳҶ
ҶȻҲûҪȥǴк
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ͷ¶һɫţǣ˸ɫǴֺᣬ粲ͭ壬ſ񱩵ɫֽŴ׳֮磬òΰɢ˵
ʥǿҲǿ׺֮վԱߣʱȥֵ˵־б˵ĺۣҶĿݺݵŶһӡ
Ҷ˲Ŀȥʱһ˾Ȼλӡذѩֻʥǿߵŭӣ޶ãЦҶһۣǻ¶һ˿Ц⣬кһ㡣
Ҷһۣջתһʿ棬䣬ߵĹâȥǳ۹֮ˡ
һֻˣϰòƽο֪ӣһ㶼أڲܶʶ鿴£ҶҲ֪ǸĿˣܵ˼磬Ȼеݵˡ
ѩһһ˴кӵǸոҹ벻㡣ҶֵҶֹɺ徫ͨ˸Ӧĺҹ
ҶĵԭҪǰһѳۺѩ磬λǷļĿ䳤ǷĻܹ°ԣ
Ҷһѭȥɢа̷ӣͷϲϸۣһۿȥ;ôޱȣҪ˶ɡ
ѩȻ಻ʶˣȻλֵǡ
֮һҲֻʨһλ䳤ϣǲ˶°ӣԶҪʺãȻ͵
ѩҶȻ벻ƾȻֳǣ˴ͷʹʱһﾹȻ̤ǰ΢΢ѩһۺƵҶǰֵݹŸΪ׿лᶨҪ̸
Ҷ֪ҪԼƴֹȥա
һ¶һ˿ЦһգϹâһҶֶʱһţڲս
ҶȻ뵽һﾹȻǿţ׶ѹǵʹ֪ԷʵʤԼһ
Է֪ôǿҶЦһӿעָ֮УʱĹ졣
ʱʽ˲以ҶֵˣͷϵƬӿֳգҺˣµֻŭȻȻŵҲֻܵóһʱ˺Ƭ
ŨصĻҩζڳ˶о֪Ҷʨطܲ¡
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Ҷ뵱˵ָǣԺٲֳֻ֣֮£ȴ̫Цһſ֣Ȼȥ߶ƣʲôֶΣһţ˵⻰ѩ˻ȥ
˽Ҷ̵ĳޣһתȥˣڳ֮˶֪ղŴ·磬ǲ˼ȥ
ѩҶɫΪԱߵˣʿһ
ܱϣѩĿذѩϣ΢Ц˺ǰ˵ذֵĴ˵ذ֣ҵĺܡ
⻰ذѩ΢΢ĿҶһۣȻ룬ΪʲôҶûаɱѩ¸ѩ硣
ذѩȻѩ磬΢һк
ѩһӵĻң˻Ҳ˴кˣҶЦҪȥǸһֻҪһǧ֮ı飬ӦʶȤˣ
ѩε±ӵȻύһ𣡡
Ҷ֪ύȴҪ֪㻹᲻ȥ뵽Ҫ˵һɫŮӵ£ڲڡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥԼʺȻһ˵Ļ޵𺳸о
ֻһλ֬ݹޣŮ·ŮЩ澴ӵ°ƲﲨУ˶Ϊ֮ᣬ⡣
ͷǶ٣ʶ飬޳Σ׵׵ļӳĶˣˡ
ֺڣʱˮĲâҫѹԶܻҹʵǶ
ǰ׵໨ĳӣӯƮɵĲˣĹ俪ڣг̬ǧľݡ
ݵɻۺ϶һͼҶɾǻ֪˼ҲԼĲ׷˵İ
ֱˮ̬̬еذм䳤齵ĸߵ洦ˡ
ְɵĽ˷飬Ѷ֮ο˫ʱ¶һذ覣Ե㣬Ҷֻȥѹ£̽ʾ׵壬㡣
úбУȻһЦ簵ڤ۸λõˣ
Ҷѹȥֻѩ硢ذѩӡֻã¶ɫڻ飬Լû
æűʾûʱˮԱʯںƮҶ˸תƮӡһϯ˸ˣذѩӹϲɫȻλǷ岻ţذϹأ
Ҷѩ綼ʧˮذѩȤȻ϶Ϊ
ذѩƮһ˿ЦϾذѩ˴Ȼʱذѩ¶˿ȻǷǳÿڳŮɱ
ѩյҶԣС൹ףģֲãӷ
ҶЦҪҪҽˮ
ѩ˫۷⣬ʲô취
ҶЦЦѩͷˮ磬ȫ֮ˣὫĿͶӣҪҪԣ
ѩҶзëæ㬵ˣˡ
ʱˮĿҲҶѩ磬ϲ̿ذѩذϹӲһΪڶ¹֮£Ǳѧ֮ʿʫʸ踳һͨˣ磬Ҳټĺܣлᣬ綨Ҫֽһ
ҶûȤذòΪԼһƴˮ࿴Ҳʲô
ɶǣذѩһﻹźѧں˵¡ʶԼǣʫ裬͸ˣеѵĸоΪĿ̫ӣˮˣҲҪӺ֮ģøӦˡ
ذѩͣӱһӵģڳ֮˶ģ޲ÿһһ١
ʱˮֻذѩһˣذϹԷϵιۣۣ֮֮ҲʱףʡɺĲ߹֮
ʱҶŵذѩԭô˵ãΪ߾ר֮һΪ޻ʣ¹һġ
ҶʶֲԼڣ˵һˡ
ʱӡһЦˮ͸˵עȥ󣬲гصذӵʶãΪι壬ȴδɫһֱܼʥ֮أ
Ҷа⻰˵ùӡһѪȥĴ̣ذѩ̨ɾˣ嶼֪徳ڣֻĴʥ壬ȻҲǿ壬Ĵʥȣǲһء
ذѩֳһ˿ɭɱתۼţĻÿ£ڶ䣬侹ȻܱƽǷǳġ
ˮǰɷذѩ֮ţΧʥ춨֮壬Ǹǿ󣬾ͿȡģȻ춨ʹڲ˵õĽܳΪĴʥ֮һˣӡΪ˵ö𣿡


777 Χ
Ҷ޺ãŮȷǲͬ죬Ϊӡ޴Զʱȴ΢΢һЦСĻȻеϣ¾£֮£޲Ҫ˵ȥִУ˶ʤ죬ƾһ֮뼷ʥ֣֮ȴҲ̫ˡ
ʱذѩ췴ЦһŲŵֻҪܰǱԤ֪£֪ŬĿͷ򣬾Ͳʲôǲܳɹġ
ӡˣƫҲĻ֪
üʶǣ벻ҶֻһᣬͲҪһϷʱ𣬽ӰһѲˮ΢΢ʾ񣬽Ųɨڳ֮ˣĿ䵽ҶϣԱ
ˮȻҲһĻѩ磬üλǡ
ѩ翴˽ĿɨʱͦţָҶӦǱǰòŽύֵܣǰãֵлܶ°ӵ£֪СûУ
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ˮҶѩæλǾϯ䳤ҶСɼˡ
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ѩҶһߣվһȥ
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ҹһգҶعɰԼ鸮иľסڴˣһ棬ˮѷɫҪѩȥˮ
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ھƷǼ¹Ǳһ֮еʫ黭⣬ֻҪ;ͿĶ벻
֮ԣӣһ֮УҲֻôһ
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ҶǺСӦòջĳİɣ˵һҪеҹĿһܻǱסˡ
ʱҹոճԡԡ룬˰Σҡףе벻ͨôġ
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ҹĿ࣬һ˿֮ɫǿѹŭ⣬ƽȻǹлл֮԰գתȥˡ
ҶһĴֻҹˣȻܲԺ󶼲ᡶ¹£ǾллˣȻֻеˣΪֻɲҹŷ
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ʱѩͻȻӴԶ˹ҶҪټŵΪ׼ֵĶ֣뿴Ҷֵʵô
ԭǹƨŲԼҶдȴûųγŵĶ޻ʱǷҪȻ鿴
ʱѩӭЦҶĪ֣ҲһչֵĻᣬߣҴȥĳأ
˾һ󣬸תһ֣죬ʮ
Ҷдѩ֮أ
ѩεĵ˵ͷĶУҪ֣޻ͷз͸¶ǻϢǲŸģ˵Լˣܻ飬Բʵֻýзˡ
Ҷн޻뾫ļʮڶʺһƬͬʱҲѩЩøУȻʲô֪ȴԼðգ˵䵱ѡ
ʱʮѳɰΧ֮ΧҶ֪޿ɱܣһᣬһԣŷᣬˡ
˷׷Ծһ˴Цο㻹ӵȥ˶°ӣ
ʮˣȻǰʥǿߣҶ΢΢£ԷʮһˣԼͬʱԸ塢ˣѩͬʱԸˣǲˡ
ֻ˲䱩ʵɱˣֻⳡ̲Щʤ㣬ȻȡʤҲǲʤпܣԼܻ
޻뾫һлǹģЩһһ⺷ǿ֮ҺöԷǴҴҸûвʲôƣֻҪչǲٻнɱˣġ
ʮһʥǿ˷ɢ԰εʽΧȫ·
һЦѩӣ޹أ㲻ҪˮĻȻݹҲһˡ˵¶޼ɵЦ
ѩ俴һ۵ΪŴģּһɱӣߣֻ˶е
ߣɱ㣬ҲҪܣĥһЩȻҶѩΪ֮
Ҷĺͷ侲ͬʱѩ紫¶ֻ֣ҪסԼͳɣɱˣǾͿʼˣ
ѩ΢΢˵ͷ


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ʱЩ˺ҲȵòͷˣΪ֮ˣһؽһؽȵϣգҶ˹Ҳͬʱ˹սҶİΧ
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ҶнڿŻһ죬ӥ񣬽ŷĵˣչǲƹǸΪߣһй˵ĳöԷʱɳһţȻڶԷͷ
ȻϽɨҷһߣһʥǿߡ
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էһ֣Ҷ˶ʥǿߣͬʱ˶ҶȴǻЩҪɱʥǿߣֻڽսУȡʤ
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ʱһòر׺˫ֲϸ۵İʥǿߣٿ˳лóһ󵶣Ҷͷȥ
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׺类꣬ؿڽѪϡ
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ʵҶ벻ԼʱǱǱǰ˲٣ڲ֪ΪͻƣԲŻָо뵽ɴаο
뵽Ҷһ˿⣬ЩһʱֻһߵĹˣͻȻɫۣóìγìӰҶɱ˹
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ҶаԿЦֻǿЩͷޱȣοҪѰˣûоλãֻ±ȴ뻹Ҫѡ
Ҳ޻ϻ쵰ĵóȻҪɱˣЩ룬ֻΪñԼǵģˮֲòˡ
޵ĿйһҶͻȻĿźһڵƻ»âСɵöĽаСܹ֣ȴƺʮĵеλ֪סǲذѩǼһ
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779 ı
Ҷһ·ȥת䣬ǰػȻʣµ̨ϣһɵСҪʱ͸ƻʾ˵˾סδޡ
ҶҪǱȥʱһͳɵдͼ٣εĲĿŵͱ˼档
ҶѶ϶סذѩˣû뵽ԼҴҲѰˣʵ챾ûдذѩģֻ̽̽·Ҳö޻и
ȴû뵽ȻѰذѩסֻЩˣΪԼûпʼд̣˷̿Ϳɵùʧܵġ
ֵֻǣȻԼذѩ֣ʱ˿̣ӦΧľزŶԣʵȴذѩǵܲӰûһذѩû
뵽ҶӲͷƤ˵У뿴ذѩЩʲôϷ
У֮ǰ䣬һԲΣһȴ֪Щʲô
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ҶŷϷơȣ硣
ҶԼݣĿģϵƣ֪Ǻʱذѩ̾һȰɣоƵΣԺ˵
͸һգȻҶ˿˿øС
뵽Ҷӣ£ƺ˶ذѩԺ޶ָһƻһˮߣһβʣעС
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Ҷ޵徫֮ͨľߴ⣬Ȼ١
ذѩĬȻƬΣƣҲ׺ȵҲڰһʱǲ˼ҡ˵˶٣ŵˣ˽̸ˣӦ̸Щˡ
Ҷ־ôѵãֵ˱һںȾ󣬲ȥǵľգ֪ҽɱġ
ذѩ˵ͷȻ֪ҡ˵ҶƬ̺˾ƵģһӣȻ仯ǧӰҶȫڡ
Ҷ˫ü۾ɫнӰֻذѩ˫ƽõ۾ȻĽ滯һ㺮ǣرûκηӦ
ʱҶؿֻһ磬ʱҶ˫Ŀе䣬ֻҪذѩĽҪ͸ؿڶ룬ͻ᲻һеĽذѩɱ̫ɻҲ˲ˡ
ذѩĿҲҶϣнâû˿ͣ٣ֱֱҶ˹ʱҶ˶һ˿ŭ⣬΢΢кнһӣԴȫȥ
ɾʱҶ벻鷢ˣнͬʱذѩȻͻȻսȻԭأһԻĿ˸ʥزɲĹԣݾžһ㲻һϣüͷ¡
ʱ˲ıˣҶ֣ȻذѩȵҶʱȴսס֣ھذѩһ̣Ҷڳֱ仯
Ǽȿ˿µķŭ顣
ٿգббϻȥ硣
дذѩв漰ǶֹȻ齣ˡ
Ѫӿذѩɽûζ͵ɫһЦ⡣
Ҷ˵ŴذѩұϵѪΪβ֣
ذѩһ˹ֹ˿Ѫ΢Цֻȥ֤һ飡԰գͻȻһշûڰ֮С
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Ҷ̧ͷǰȥͻȻĿɿڴ߱Ե𺳽֮ϣ̲סĸһĨ죬Ұ֮ڣ޴ڳǽƣİâǽǣǽһȥȻǿͷ
޴ĳǽǺؼıһ㣬춼ж
ȰɣǽĴʥ˺ѪŽɵģǽķ޾ħţκˣƵҶľģذѩҲ΢΢ص
ʲôħţҶдǵһʣҲǴ˿̲֪ʹ£Ȼľ֮ء
ذѩݵ˵ǰһΪħռ½˺½Խ⿪ĳԹô궼ݣЩħţǵȷ沿ӣҲ֮Ϊħū
Ҷɫ䣬ŵ˵ħ׼ٴ½
ذѩȻڻûеֵʱ򣬵뵽ҲԶˣɶĴʥ岻֪ħʲôЭ飬ȻΪŰ޻ʹص´ħʱֻͨʱͨôȶֻȴһħū
Ҷ˿ĴʥôôѵǾûʲô
ذѩЦĴʥ屾ǣʲôң֪½ΪʲôôޱǾΪ½ԭɼλں󣬶γɵģĴʥ壬ԭͲֻ½ںʱڣǲͻȻֵġ
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ذѩնΣǲǵıóѣȻħ½ᷢǰĺƽ١
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Ǻڰ֮ǿԶʵϣȴԶĺˣռ仹ʱʱꡣ
ԶȥذѩҶҲΪһɫε飬ǰɱȥ
һ·ϣ֪ٺӴ·ڣ˺ڰ֮صĽ£ȴһ衣
ӴˮɫзΪһߺڣһ߰ףв죬ˮŭ𣬷Хȳ֮˱ŻŨصѪɷ֮
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ЩԵʹͷгУĬһ·ҡҡλεģƮƮģʧȥԭеģĬĬźеѪɷ
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ΪֻصϼĹ֮УֻΨһͬģϼЩ٣ЩʶЩȴľżһ㡣
˰죬һͷŪҶͷˮħħū
ذѩ˵ͷΪȫʶ£ʵʿ
ﶵһȦӣֽһƬֻСɽݺᣬȺ彻ĿɽʯľĿ֮ɽҰȫ˷ĵ
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ֻǰʮųǵķͷ޻ʺһأĸߴӣȫɭɭžĺħǿ硣
ţҶ漸˿ȥȴǺȻʧɫʧ磡


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ʱذѩԵϲ粢ǲʲôɺˣħǿߣħŮ֮Ҿڹ֮ùҡ
˶ƤĽģǳĳħ󣬰׵⣬һ
ҶȴвˣȻħǿߣ޻ΪʲôҪԼȥɱĪ޻֮䣬ЩʲôԵףɸ˵أ뵽ϸͬذֻпʲôأ
ذѩδشٿûٳʱһԳȫĴָ壬㲻մص飬ԶƮɻ
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һͳ΢΢ŭħԸ飬Ǳ뾡ɣѶĴʥ˻ɣ֮λҪ䵽ĴʥѡУ޻ʹͻ಻Ҫ鷳
ʱֻ޻ʵذѩСǽƻǵˣȻҲᷢħҪ½ˣҪ֪й©вأȻ᷵岿䣬ɱڵˣ뿪Ĵʥء
ԱߵҶذѩ˹Źָо޻ʣҲ벻ɳɱ֣һ͵ǵ̸
˵Ĵʥħʱٲǵĺôֻϧ黹ûдȻǳ֣ذѩǼһﶨȻ޴Ρ
޻ʳڽû֮λʥʹ򲻿й¶ݣûнϵ֪ͷˡһ޻ֵںл֮£ĪҪᣬǱͬΪħˣֻǵħ֮ʣΪħţŸħ¾Ȼһٹɡ
˵ʱǵȴԶתۼ䣬߸һɶ
Ҷذѩһһ󣬻ΪӰʧ
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ԼǲӦʲôܣ޻ڻԼеüֵԶⳡ·ǣ뵽Ҷ΢΢Щ⶯ԼڵΪо񾳽ЩϹ
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Ҷ뷨Բ֮ҹ֮Ũ֮ΪƵģ°빦ԼԪСӶͷǿ飬Ҷ΢΢üͷ
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磬˭ھúǰûйָܣСգ۾һ䣬¶С
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ҶǻϲǾ˵޵ģԭԼݣʶˣֻǾȻԼҪԼȥЩʲô顣
һЦҪǿı죬ҹСΪգƲſóմ£Ǿͽ¶ȥ˭ỳɵȥˡ
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ʹذѩʶĪֽ֮Լǵ˵ȵ潫ɱʱԵˣܻء
ʱðʧˣ˫ϸľִһ˵СһΪرҶܶĶֻ֣һɣǾҪɱʡԺħʱЩʲô©
ҶȻһǶˣ벻Լôɵ뵽Ҷ΢΢Щ⡣
벻˽ΪСȻ֪ôĴʥԼǴȥˣתƵ岿ȥųɡ
һİ²ز֮ǴĽһ֮һٽеǵϵɱǵʵԸЩһӦֻСϰףˣ㸸Ϊʲôûȴֵμ顣
˵仯ˣƵͳ϶˶䶼Ҫ
˹а˵ħ߹ҶţֻǿеĽ鵽ʲôΪʲôһҪǶˣǲܲж
ڶŽ֮£ϴ˵ãֻʱҶذѩæЩһʱ֮䣬Ҳûʲô˵飬ⶫǸǳ֮ˡ


781 ƾͼ
ҶʱһͳݺܵߣĻֵϯǹˣǸ£ǲôףҪܾĥȥ
ֻ͸ĳ𣬱֪Ҷ޵Ρ
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һֽϸƵŮ¹ӵԸؿɴﵽСӣܳΪħļߣѪ֮£ҲԺˣֻĻʨ֮ȴֻǰǲǿʥЩʥʹ
˻һ֮꣬ȻǲʨԸһȵ̬
üһлɳˣЩһҪﷴˡ
ֻŮ˭Ʈ죬һŮɣȴ磬ħвǿ硣
ԼѳˣӲ粻õӻҶһΣһҲáȻ뷨Ҳֻ룬Ϊ뿪ĴʥʱҪһΪҶǺ۸ġ
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ѩ΢΢дɳ٣һ£ȴЩµ׷׽ҪȥѩΣȥˣȴ벻ҪŪݺݽѵ°һҲˡ
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һ°ԸڵĴ⣬ŵʮǾ鸮ˣ¶ӵɫȴû˽Ƿϣʨһ򿴲ʥ塣
Ҷѩ粢糯ȥ
˺ȵСӣվš
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ѩһѽţȻΪζ
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Ҷѩһһɱ¶ԵãңӵǴ仨ˮǱܡ
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782 Ԯ
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΢һ㵣˫Ŀ⣬һ󣬲ŵǾòû뵽İΣ
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ȴ֪ȫҹΪգԼɾ裬ֻԼɱذѩǵİ£⼸ɱ
ʱȻͻֶԸԼˣֻǱ¶Լݣʱ򣬿úˮҲϴĺڻˣҺذѩĪ档
˶°ǸСӣԼǣң޻뾫쵰ֻԼԼûд´ǰҲӦȥˣʨǰҲĺܣĥһ֡
ԼʥʲôҲûԼȻȥֻǾ֣ȴỳԼ֪ǵıӦò׷ɱԼ
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ʯĺһص֮ܽΪãȻþ޴ͻƣиҶЦݶеʯǰڵǿʯʹֳסزɲо
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Ҷϲϲ滹һɼ֮㽫֮˰ɣһҲӦô
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ҶóϷССˣģа취е˵ҶһǾֶԸñ
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ҶгĵǲҪģ̫Σһַȫһ뵽һõİ취йǹ˿񱩵
ذѩɻʲô취
Ҷ΢Ц˵ˣʵܼ򵥣Ǹոݻģǰйһûа㹦Ȼҽʯе뵽ڣݸղʯϵȡ
ذѩĬȻκ󣬿Ҷ̾ڲôֵ֮κˣ뾡취ռŹ֣ȴԷȾư㣬ںֽذѩ۷
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ҺƣԲţΪ֣֮ĺֶذѩȥذѩǺȾ澢ֻ䵽ڡ
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ҶһͷԵŴӶĳһĺˮζ
˰ΣҶһǳķʽֽŲذѩȵСΪȻøӢˣŹģеþĲƷ
ذѩȥẹѷֵۻʧЦûǷˣһ㶼˷緶̬
˶һۣͬʱЦΪηЦôЦȴ˭Ū
Ц˰ΣҶͻȻų
ذѩڿô
Ҷһ૵Һоѽһȫµľ磬ûв´ͻƼʥ֮һʥ֮鿴һԼΪʲô硣
ذѩæȥֻȫĴůͻȻذѩ̾ҵӺֱʥ֮ѿʥ֮ԹԣǱ˲áذѩһʵǱأ
ҶЦ̯˫ƣմĩ״Ķ
ذѩϵĲ࣬ŵǱĴʥǧ챦˷ĩ
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ذѩһЦڳµ̬Ƶ֣ǲ׷ɵˣˣǿʵʥǿˣ֮ҲңԶϣ˭˵Ҫذѩ
Ҷȴǻظ侲ҪΣķղǸտʼħĴʥˣǾԲ׷ŹǵġĿҪҵϪϴϵպѪգδΪǿʱСĵãҿɲѱħʲô챦סȻΧһҹҵˡ
챦ˣ˵ذѩͻȻüͷһ˻˵üǣħм챦Ϊ飬һ΢Ƶģսǿ߾Ϳɷʵͬܵ۵ֻܷӳʵ
ԭôҶ΢΢ӦòԶˣǿнɣ
ȻǿнԵ棬ħЩϲɾΪΪˣ˵ذѩȻҲӦô⡣˵Χͬ˭ֱ治٣ƾǵΪ磬ǿߣҲǲ壬ðȻ˽֮Уǿɾ˵ˣ
ҶһЦѹ˵˼ҷһˣֽ飬ħҲûж٣ܲĴãɣֻǿг˽ȥСүɲ᱿߽ȥ
ٺ٣⵹Ҷˣڿ˭ûн飬α羳磬ֻҪûн⣬û˭ͺεǣҪҪɱĴʥ壬һЩÿذѩɷµĽ
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ǲϽ뿪ذѩһæȶУҶЦһֻøϡ
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ذѩЦݰ⣬ĳ˿ɲҽܣ㾹Ȼרڴ˹λݣ˽ɡ
ħüħûʲôĹڣöƴҲ㣬ֻҪ㽫ҿԴħ磬Ժ󶼲Ϊ㣡
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ҶЦСؿ˰ɣ˶²ɱ㣬أ
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ħ㻽彣̤ǰԽңָ˵ٸСǻˣұ׵СҪΪ˵ġ
ҶȻģЦǺǵ˶˵ɵ˼ʲôС͵ĿֻСأҶĳ˿˾ӣ˵ˣһѪƽԽ⿪ĳԹ¾ݣοš
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Ҷ΢΢ǰ˫Ŀ䣬ֻҪħ⽣͸ذѩؿڶ룬ͻ᲻һеĽħɱ
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ħؿھҵţ̧ͷذѩҡͷǲܵģҿԲǣħʥӡʥŮǳǾͺΪ֮ɡһշûڰԵֵûлҰ׽
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Ļҿɲҹͬ˸־Ҳǿ㣬ֻϣպҪڣҶңңͷϵİ״һۣɻʲôʥӡʥŮУħΪʲôӵûдߣ
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ݾħʥŮ˵ذѩҶı飬ǣƣҲʥʥŮݡ
Ҷ±ӣ૵ֲҹаԭͲһˡţҶɻȻҹħʥŮΪʲôҪ¶ħϸ
ԭˣذѩǻʵҹ磬ԸģԵսѺģֻħ̫ŲòˣҲûϵκ˳֣෴ȹҵ
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˵赭дҶȴ󵽵ʱսļңذѩΪԾͲĶӡ
ҶһǷ϶ļһ
ذѩȻ֪
Ҷ˵ΪϴȥѰ°յĻʱƲ׷ɱȥˣˣ˵ˣǵøϽ뿪
ذѩҶôˣƺûԵӡ
Ҷ˰ΣͬȷеѰͷʲôԭ򣿡
ذѩԤеĳЩ鷢ƫ˵ΪҲĸо
ҶЦҪɹˣ֮ǶһʱǿҪǣҲҪǻӣʲôõĵġ
Ҷȵ˵úãСзԼǸദأ飬£ǹҶǴʣҹʶģ
ذѩݸЦԼȥɣǷҹС㣿
ֵҶ˼ˣֻõ˵˵ɣ
ذѩЦݣ˫Ŀ¶һĺЦݣǸƽػһɽڣһ仰˵㶯֣ҶʮУˡҲʱ˲ŷֶʥӵݣû񾳽Ϊôʮ֮ڣͻңΪ֮ʱҹСȴͻȻ֣ҵһƣûˣ֪;Ǽ
ҶĿɿڴץץͷȷƵΪѲ񾳽磿Īǰν֣ǻ쵰Լʵ
ذѩΪ֮ʵƽͶ㣬ҲҪ仯βܷ⵲ţҷǳǿɣҹСͻȻ֣ھͲܺһ̸ˡ
ͣһᣬذѩصҹСˡ
Ҷʧʲô
ذѩ΢ЦħĵλΪߣ˧šħ˧ħŮ޲ǷҰ˵Զˣ
Ҷӵħ˧ƨ˧ҪСү˧
ذѩɫصĵҶ겻СȻΪǴг֮ǿߣȴǲԶˣڽǿ߾֣Ҳûʲôʤ㡣
Ҳֻв˵˵ˣҶ̾벻ħʥʥŮˣǰΪԼǸţڲ֪ǰԼƨǡ
ذѩҶҲҪ־Լ磬ơҹǵȴڣħ磬Ҳ쳣Ĵڣﵽα񾳽磬ѲǲˣֻǲЩԺ˭ǿ˭һжδ֪֮ˡ
Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ɨذѩһ۵㵽ھҹǵ鷳ƶһߵʯ֪ʯѱʹˣħǸѪѪгر磬ֻ㣬ѿʹħ粻ϧһɱˡ
ذѩҶĵԭߵعֵģֻҪǲǵĽ֮У۶βһ֮УȫʵɱǣɱǣҲ۷͵Ͻȥһǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ҲǵеһˣǵҶüһᣬͻȻһɽȹô죬Ȼħ㶼Ѱǣ˵ˣͬʱܷˡ
ذѩ¶һ˿ŵЦģƾȻӮҹĻģ;Բٻİ⣬԰ŮӣΣҲͶƴյһġڲƣǾԾƶͻȻֶʩ԰㣬СӳһĽѵΪΣ
Ҷд󶯣æ̡
ذѩһĿýĺɱһҶö׷ϴ벻ǻͻȻ벻ǵΪô̵ʱ䣬ͻͽټ֣Լֻ̡֮֮Ҫúãڶе£СӳԲ˶ߡ
ҶȽоõСϵĿڲ÷ǳĶܲй䣬ɣһܾͻˡ
ذѩԵͲԾƶҪ֪¶٣ħºڣʥӡʥŮҪɱǣħļһȽгرıؼֻҪǶԱѰǣǱǿɳ֮ΨһҪĵģǲͬʱǣͬʱǾ͵Ķˣ
Ҷӭӵһڵ⣬΢Цҹ˶һֱû뵽˺ֿУ澳ĥȷʵԴҶ˵洦Ҳ޵߷ޱҪһΨһɺ޵һ㣬ǾǸСԵʳˮģһʯҲֵˣߣ˭ҪҶʲôӹġ
ذѩͷͬҪö֪粢Ǻ޼ɵĵطҲµòѰʱĴʥ֮в޵ͶȥǾǷʱˡ
԰գͷҰ״ҶһЦҲԾȥ
պһ紵Ҷڳһ֡ˣϰ״˳籱ϣת˲Զȥ
ɽգʱȺӵˬ
ϵذѩ쳤Цħķд·ħü׷ɱǣ·;Ǿɡ
Ҷ΢΢Щɻƾڿٶȣôôܿ϶ħ׷ǡ
ذѩĵؽ͵ĴʥƬؾӪôãһܻٴ鱨磬һ£ֶδѶԲҲǡ
Ҷ˵ͷħսֻʤӲɲҪǵҪֻҪٶȸϵ壬ħֵϢ£һݴĹˡ
ذѩȻΪⷬʵô˵Ҷһ磬Ӧò²Ŷԡ
Ҷеεز¶Ӧиأˣħǲ׷ˣ˵ҹҲ֣˵Ƕƣأ
ذѩ˫ĿɱէǰǶƣǱֻؾծˣ磬ûнǾҲܷӳսҲаʥʵ
Ҷ΢Цмһ˺֮ǵģǿߣ˵ǳ䲻⣬ǲףҪɱǿɾͲˡ
ذѩû˵ȫۣϣ˻ƻʱ֣ԽʮɽȴûһӰϢֻƾۣٶȴ
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ذѩӳâڶֻ۾ųѸٽӽĲϼ١
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ذѩߵŮµģ涨ʲô֮Ķʹħ׷ǣȴǲ֪Ҳⶫħˣ̫ǿǵøıˡ
ҶӿڵֻҪûɽ֮У˽ʱʧȥǵ٣תϡ
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ҶҲµ¶ݣҲһԸȻЦӺɷΪɣͷɱ˲䷭ɽ޳ǳſڡ
ʱذѩҶصƺе㲻׵֪ΣɽϿұľĸоСʱڻĽҰ⣬Ƕס˵ָо
ذѩȻҲоˣȲ˵һΪԼĴھȻҲô˵¾ʹأóٺͷ֮ˣ;ַз׺ţȴʲôҲûз֡ǵĸоҲӦ˵ڰеĵˣǸ൱µļһ
ҶһΪγٳٲأ˵ûаͬʱԸǣȴ֣ҺܾܿǶƱˣϴɱʧȻ֣һֱڵȻᣬɱ֮һŴʰһˡ
ذѩ˭ǶΣ跨Ĺƣͷһ
ҶҡͷǾȻ֪˶ƵʵǾ;ǿʱǵټڵУ⵽֮·Ǿ;ֻԺݶݣֻս֣֮ôֵ
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Ҷʵ޳˭ĵ̣
ذѩȻĴʥģħôĿŵ׷ɱǡ


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ذѩҲϵһ˫Ŀɨ˸̨ʳһۣŵǿŵж˲Ŀӵæͷȥ΢΢һЦǽǵĿģҪᾡ˴ĸ֣ھԶȻʣ̬죬Ҷ𣿡
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ҶЦΪλ飬ǲûҪ֪˸㣬ǴԶŵģб±õֶθǿɣ
硰ꡱЦ̬Ҷǧĵһ۵δ߲ƣ߲仰
ذѩһϣͬʱض˵˫Ŀǰδеĺ˵âȵȫҹȥҪɱˣ
ЩʳͻƹĶŵƨһɢת˲ߵøɸɾټĲ˹ݣֻʣˡ
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ҶЦСϢһŭתˣҲҪ̫⣬Щ죬ֵܵһѾСбŭ⣬ҪʲôˮģȽͷ˵𣡡
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ʱǮ߱һѸǰл͸
ҶСвǻ֣н˱ɱ
ԴӲα񾳽󣬺нƱøƥȫҲշģһȥ߲Ӧ˴úֱͣûƬ̡
ذѩҶȴǱűλһ˫ˣӲȭƾɱóĵҵҶȫ޺֮ǡ
ֻǹĵ޲ָǿͣرǮ߱¶Ǿϸģ䲻˱ǰͺ̵ɱʹӦӲϾ
ִʱǵսನ֮У֮һԱߵĴС̣һ⣬ҺõˣƲԶˡ
ʱû˿ڵ֮Ǵˡ
زڼУвϺ˼սȦ
Ǯ߱׷˶ʮɡ
ҶɱȻʱʮߡеء

ز֪ʱѵΪͻȻһЮžķҶԽߵһ̣ɨҶ̡
Ҷ֮ܣн裬ֹӽ񣬰𿪡
Ȼʱֵһ˽ǹͣϱ˵ĵزλã
ҶĽʱذѩıײ󣬲һɹ
Ҷǻ֪˼б𣬺нͷ硣
õԭذοչɢ¹ϣǹӭ
ҶһЦȻһȦȦĽâն˸˵ıУųһ硣


791 ǿͻΧ
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ƣһһУȴҶĿ͵ѪһԣײǷߡ˸ˡ
Ǯ߱׷ʮɴƸΣ
ذѩһҶ£һȭزȥͬʱɳţ߷ĵˡ
һֽ֣زǱ߾ۼʮʥȥ·ȫضˡ

زڳƣӲƴַذѩĸȭĵʱϷХ𣬺нͷ˱ȵɢ
زȻԼһذѩҶ·ĽȻеأһԣһԲ
ȥǿУѹǰУȫʩΪɱʮʥǿ߽п죬ɾ
xǼͻǰ·ķ
ؽҪһ̣Цǰ
˺ȻȥֻϴΧѩָʷݣЦӯӯǰʮ򲻶ӿźµħ¡
ͷתΪݶȥ
ЦУΥħŮݣɳһʴӰǷ
ʮʥǿֶʩ
нлء
һݶֳƵӰЦλΪβӰصһأ
ֻһ飬Ǯ߱ʱϵʹ˶ʱݽܵеӾڡ
˿ȥڳƬյأŭĿ
Ҷذѩȫ޾ɫĵȴǺڲѡ
֮أ磬ΪһʱᣬħˣĲǳ֣ȴû뵽ֻյ֮ơ
ħڱ·;ҲǶ˵Ӱٺ󣬶϶޳Ǹʲ޵ȺԶ
ǵȴȫӦħϣһʱ벻޳ǵĳħצдʧߡ
һ԰ޱȣϴγ֣Ҷذѩַ£˸вټҹ֪ΪʲôȻҶЩøУĴʼɡԹ޲ѣʱǳټм棬ۺ졣
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Ҷ֪ս⣬񣬺нָơ
һԻĿɭĺâֶҶеҪʰСӣ˭Ҫȭ
ʱȽɨ
ذѩ˿ȥȻ׿ʾ֡
ҶһнӲƴַȥӦ̩ɽһ

ӣ֮ռѣ˶Ĥļ졣
֮⣬ҶûбƵǿýݵĶƵ˰벽
⾰УҶеĺнŵٶȻڶ
â϶룬Ѹûܿ
ʮǰҶʹôɽ鱩ʽԵһ
˾УƻؽǿҶʯ쾪һȴƺһӲõѰɣ˻Χ˵Χ֮ɫ࣬羡ʧ
ҶһЦèʵҲ׳󣬿ǿߵľ磬ȴûǿߵʵһϰɣ˵Сүǿ
ʵ⻰Ҷ˵ˣȻǿѲ˶ƣȴԲȶƺܣ˵ʱϵȶƸ㣬ֻȴֳܱǿѹ˱ưˡ
ϾƿǿߣҶȴһαģҪӲ¶Ƶʽô׵ġ
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Ҷذѩֻһнп࣬ǵϣԽԽã˵ڻвŻ߻ᡣ
Է˶ԸذѩĳսֻҲɰˡ
˳˿ΧһƬĿյأ䵽˵ϣңŴĴ֮㣬ȴǷ׷׸ڰ֮С
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ҶЦ棬ֵ¼£˭ĳƴһ
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Ǯ߱һ£ʱ˳˶ʮװǿߣìꪣΧսݣ˺ս˵
ݽ߳һħĸֳʮӽս
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ذѩȭʩ˫߳ʱӦВ
Ҷĺн裬鷢âнأ㡣
ֱʱذѩͻȻóһǹ˳ְһʥǿ˴ɨſ󣬽еҶ֣һв
Ҷһȣȥܹĸͷնì߷һˡ
ذѩһƿƸմһһ˴תԶһֵĳǹɨǧƮ޶ܲĵˣȺظУѪء
Χʱǵƶһţٲǰ֯ܡ
Ҷذѩѹǻʲôÿģʱ˿ַ
Ҷ磬⳸磬ڵȺԾ磬н˲ҽВǽʬ
ذѩѳǹᴩһ˵ľܺؿں˫ֻóǧӰɱõ˷ĵ㺮
Ǯ߱ȱкܸߵĹƣ벻ǿˣһʱԸ³ֻǲϼսȦǵս
Ҷذѩʱ̣ʾαʵ۹֡ۡϾ޷ĵز
ܹսĵ˳Ծǵĳкܶʱմƫƫ˾ԶƵģܸЩСţȫ޻֮
ߵȻһյֵĽ·ߣ˭ҲּҵսУܿƵֵѧǰʱλ˾ȷ֪ҲС
תۼ䣬˽ʮߣɼս֮ҡ
ƱǰħԣսȦӽ
˶볡˶ʱѹ󾳣һᣬ޿ɱضദйҲʣڽҪͷƾ΢ĶͻܹҪѼɱ͡
Ҷ˶ƿ񱩵һ͹϶˿ڣһɨ塢ʥǿߣֱһеĺ󱳣һǣ˵ߵذѩһ
˶ǻԡѪ඼ǵ˽Ѫ

ذѩһǹӭ϶ƷϷͷĳذѩȦҶ֪ٳŲ˶ãȵߣ
ֱȥ
ȻһҶͻȻһȦȦĽâ󿴵˶ﲻѣȻʱʵҶȴǹܲôˣһӳɨܵǱͻҲѴڳ߲еĶ˿ʱ
عһ׷Ҷ
ҶȫȻĶƣƮ˵ȥϣܴƿһȱʱʱӲԼ
Ҷ̾һȥ
һ͵Ϯ߽Ʈԭһֱûгֵ硣
񾳽緢һȻǳذѩ赲ҶֻóʱһᒁĴƣɴ˿ɿĺ˵ľŮθ
Ƶõ˴һĻᣬгһâڿзڵҶȥ
Ҷյ֦˦ĳìӲƴƹĳֻأݽֹĿս
󷽾زټΧȺһֵĹơ
ʱϡ¾ǅȺĵˣ־㣬־ȫʧ
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ذѩŵأǮ߱˫׶ӭͷΪ޳ǵĳֵǼӲذѩȴս֮ҪͬʱӦֵΧʱȵòȡƣֻܽһСĵ̣ȫɵ˴ķʹ
飡
ذѩһǹڿմǮ֮߱ܣУ˫׶Ⱥȥһǹ˸š
ذѩ˼ƣ󷭣ҶȥСһʹҲ֪˭һǡ
ҶʱơǷ硢زݵһڸΧӦһһʵֱ׷񾳽磬ʱʱĪĸӦټϻǶ䣬ʹ˶пհĲȫȻ޷׽Ӳŵһ̡
ذѩҶʽһȭȿݣȵߣ
Ҷһȣ˽һֱȥ
ǹ߾٣ǰܵ˴ӰӲƴʵȻơ
Ҷһллأ۽ĹײӿʮǮ߱ȥ
֮˷׷ĺҶײһȱڡ
׷Ǯ߱ȵϣ
˵ЩӦӵʮ˳ì٣Ҷǰ·
ذѩһƣȴ߷˵زҶ˫ͬҶ
ҶˣһѳСۣͬʱбԽˣͶȥ


792 
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ʱֻ׷֮ϣ֮Ҷذѩ˳󒁷ɣһᣬһּѽҶذѩʱѾֻ֮ң
һϲҶذѩһףذѩ䵽˳֮⡣
ʱҶǲһҲ˲˳ǣɾʱӹ壬Ҷүӡ
׷Ǯ߱Ĳµõ˾ȻΪƾ裬ն˳ţּҶͻȻչͲʹǵʽ׷˿ա
ʱذѩҶһۣЦͷԷɣڣϵط԰գûԶɽ֮УûǮ߱һУæ׷ȥ
Ҷһۣ෴ķ˹ȥʱѴ³˳ǣβҶ֮󣬰ˣǲô׷ŹҶ
ҶҪֻҪΧİ£򣬱Ҫ׷Ļ΢΢ʱΨеĵģذѩܲӹǮ߱׷ɱ
뵽̾һٴչǲڶһĿɿڴ֮䣬ٶͻȻתۼ䣬ѳһСڵ㣬ٴμ֮ڵ㶼
Ѻ֮˵׷ɱҶǸǰذѩͬѰҵСʱѽӽѣǡ
ԭ
ȣûԶһ㣬һķѾʼˡ
Σذѩɹ׷Ӧϣǲ˵Ҳ֪ġ
ҶǸС̶ԣȻЦϴδȥʱ޲ۼȴϣһȥͳ֪ذѩСӻأ
ҶȻҡҡλεվЩƣ⵽̶ߣ૵ղ޳ʱʲôˣÿ񾭶˵ĹҰ㣬ʱ̣ϽָʵѰǾֻ·һˡ
꣬ҶЦÿȳһѪȴ⣬һֻͨһ
ҶһͷԽС̶ʱ̶ˮȾ죬ǿʹԿѣ̶еˮѹ̼Լ񾭣ǿԼѡ
ҶŬȫ֮ʱ֪ºʱѳСȶĶشббڣѹڵľӰͶȥ
ʱҶͻȻˮ̶г彦ˮ飬»Ϊ⣬εΪۡ
ҶȻô龰ر΢оһʱôˣ֪䣬ĵӿǵ
ͦøֱ̨һƬ¿͹۵Ĵ⣬δͬǰµҾ磬ͨĿռʹܸܵĳһɲİأյĳֲ
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صľӿȪµѨҶڡ
Ҷ֪һѵõĻԵʲô룬ҲʲôȫѾ񱣳Ե״̬
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΢΢ЩŭʱֻһߴӰӹȿڰҡԵ߹̶ֱԣȻ£ĳˮ̶ԵƹȻǻȾѪذѩ
˿ʱذѩ³һѪָЦұѰǰֵ׷ɱֻĻֻ÷ǻͷұ㲻˵ôˡ
δ˵꣬ѹ̶ȥ֫ųɸ֣ˮ档
Ҷ£ӲһᣬֵЩϢɣ
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˴δԹȫ޹˼ɵĽӴˣȤ
ذѩֺЦǿվֱĿ˹ˡ
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Ҷذѩͬʱʧͽе磡һĻͬʱĿµ״̬ʱ̣һ֣ɡ
Ҷѹ߳ذѩԵȥġ
ذѩƣ⻬ɽڣ̶ܽµʯ϶УֳһӰΰأǱˮ̶Էǡ
ˮעȿڴϸĺۼ
ҶѭѪϢ׷ģ
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ˮʱƮ̶ߣĿĹ˺Ŀע̶ˮ
ʱֻ¶һߵĳǵĶӶӦͬʱ˹巢;ע⡣
˶״ôĴˮ磬ǰֻԽӽ޴룬ʱ˶ĴԹҲʱδйľ޸о
ȷͬʹϢֻںҹûľ顣
ݴִ覵ʣῴẦ˵ħŮ
ʹ˳Ƕãӣ̺޾۵ξڴ͵ȺȥѰͷ
κһ΢ϸı飬ôңѡ
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ˮȻˮ̶֮
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ٿˮԱ߶һλʿ
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ˮǳһˣʹ֪ħµŮҲϣ˵仰
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ٿؾž֮ʧˣֻ΢ϸƿյķʱȻħг׵Ѱɽ֮ء
֪ͷ͸ڡ
Ҳʱ˽Ŀɨˮ棬ĵ
Ҳ֪ãˮ̶ҲС𣿡
ʱһͳǸԶɽ֮ڣɽеĵطȫѰˣط춼ûзŹܶ㵽ʲôطȥأ
ߵӳ޳ǣǵƣԶ
̶еҶذѩдʱƵΣҲСˣΪħãһɱȴ֦𣿡
ӦǣܼԶ˵̶֮ˮˮظϸһΣھطûѰˣ˵̶ˣ
ϵǶƵǻҶ
صĺת٣д󼱣ôȥֻ֮ɾˣοȴԿܻء
ֻˮ졣
ʹֶΣ̶֮ˮ֮Уγɵˮ
ҿˣˮ̶һǲصˡ
ȻͬУһӣ̶ˮº󣬲ȻǸƬɽ֣ɽȥңӵȥ
ţٴγһ˵ؽҪıʯһȴɱҶܣҪϧ۵İСɱµڶ治֪ҹôģһ֣С͵ȥˡ
ˮôһǵһҹˣͲԺ󶼲ˣ˵£ģҹ֡
ƹһЦԳǷǳģʿ亱˲ģǼΪͬ죬ֻҪȥǣҲ˵ǳȥħһ谭ڼ䣬ȫĵȺָӣٺ٣лҡ
ڵĶдƺ޳ܣĻûԵͿʼ˻⣬뵽ħе²׳£಻Ϊˡ
ˮ¶һ۽ЦݣĶ̬㻹ɫˮĹûд֮ǰ뱣֮ʣ
ȻǣֻˣˣѺ͸Ҷƣ䣬Ҷƣֻ˭㡣
˭ңˮĿͶע̶ˮϣԺ˼ɫƺһռʱ䴦ȥ
ư磬ˣ߰ɣɲСӳĴʥطΧħ֮ʱܻС鷳԰գһǰһ˹ȿڡ


793 װ
ʧڹȿ⣬˶һ
ҶզǶӲһᣬ̶ᷢߵĽƣʱǴ˵УԱвˡ
ذѩһʲôǡ˵
ҶûһæûʲôҺ˵ðˡ
ذѩȻֻһʣҲǺܲȤĿȫĵطĪǶˮ̶֮ڣȳȥЩƻˣٻصúˡȵʵָ󣬾跨ߣȥ޳ǸɵǮ߱Ʊ£Ȼһʰ磬ذѩǺǵġ
У̫ΣˣҪҲǣ·ϸҶ΢΢üͷ֮£ھͲҪˣǻôɣ
ȵ𽥷ףǰʱ֣ȺмĴʥѰСûзǡ
̫ɽ󣬶뿪ˮ̶ˬ壬ȫĸоΨһв㴦ǻʪ͸·á
̶ʯذѩϧ֪γôǱͶ׼·ˣļ·ˣ㻹û·滻
УС˵㣬ͽŴɣҶִȡһ·׸ذѩԼҲȡһס
ذѩӹ·ߴߵأʵŻָ˼㣡
ҶĨʪˮ飬·úߡ˳ɣֻҪ죬ȫԭ
ذѩĬȻƬΣ̾Ĺֻһϣѷνܼ
Ҷ̲סʵΣ
ذѩȻҺӲҵˮ̶˹ȱܹɱּӿ˵ٶȣѺ˴룬ֻҪʱܿƺָ֣Բĳڡ
ҶյصǸ֮꣬Ҫ̸ף
ذѩǵҹûвμжǱȲģжΪμӡҶھ鸮һʱ䣬ҹǸôˣ
ҶЦû棬֪ôһˣϳ־㣬ôҲӦǸ˰ɣҲѱûһЩЩݵ£ҹ̬֮䣬Ȼż϶
ذѩô˰ΣȻЦǲٻʥȥ꣬ȿɻħĳЩƻֿ˳ֽѵһЩ֪Ĵģ³֮ѰԶݣ£ʹ죡
Ҷֱҡͷü㻹ǵ죬ڵаѴڱ֮Уø׷ǣͺױ˾ΧʱܱܲסС⣬ô꣬ǻǸϽ뿪ɣһȫϡ
ذѩˣҲ˵ͷðɣڲȥʥأǻ޳ǣ綼뿪޳ǣǾ͵޳ǵĳףǮ߱䵥ùͷʱ̡
ҶֻҪ㲻ػʥأȥǶɣ
԰գȻȥɵֳʱֻſ˸ˣɶӵľһȻ뿪ԭԽ翪ʼǮ߱ǡ
˵ȻϣƾڵΪֻҪûнգ׵ϸɵĳǽڡ
ҪҸǳǵĺλʱһװʮ꣬ͷǵĹӰǽţԳڴǵλǲǶβ
ذѩɳɤӵʲôأǶõҽġ
ϲҽкβǶᱡ
˼˵ÿ˸ɫҶ·ɣ
·ͷȥб߹ǱΪ޳Ǳҵҽʦ֪ȴ׼ǣҺüλɽҩңһ֪ˣλմ
ʱ˶ǸıòذѩĵҽĪ죬ֶͽĪأרѨλҩβҽֵ֢
ҶòЦҺüʱס
ϲǾͺˣҼСӲ֪κȻȣ־壬ٷôĳˣȴƫҪܵĥ
ذѩһΪǳˣֻҪͨľûЩת͵£Сû̫ˡ
뵽ɽĿҶ˭֪Ҷ˺⣬һҡڵģذѩֱֹСѵῴ
ʱҶҪҽʦģлȻǸʵҽʥˡ
ŴͷӿӿԸãǵͣڳǱߵһ֮ϣߵĽƿӣ˽ȥ
Ⱥ۸ݣҶ䲿֮УܰȻӵֺ󳵵ˣĲ򵥡
ҶذѩװĳȥֻĴǽЩŸľȻ
ȵϾͷеʦҽˣ
ذѩҶʹ˸ɫ˼βСӵĲСʧˣʧˣЩܾͻ᲻ƵĶǳˣˣֻÿ粽ǳ
šުһ˿¶һӡ
Сٷˣҽʦˣ
Сϲҽʦٷ˵ȵĽˡ
Сʹ˸ɫҺͺܹߵȺɣռ̫СˣĪҽʦ
Ҷذѩ˵ͷ˳У䷿Ϊõùɫ㣬͸븻汸ɣŴһԶһСʡ
һλڴصĻŮӭҶذѩһǸǰһ
ֻŮԼ˫ʮˣС磬估ֽ漣ĹޣȲҹ°ȴһڹҳ˷ˣĶ
ʱ洫쳣صٷˣҽʦˣһΪĪҽʦһλĪҽʦͽ
ٷ͸ڴɫ鷳λСᣬķϵ޷죬ʱᣬﻹݣ˭ܲΪ֮⡣
Ҷȴ뵽ԼܼȺ⣬ೣ¶ٷ˰ε̬ĬĬĲƽίһСηģ
ٷһ⣬׵С̺ʱأ԰գ꣬е˷ݡ
Ҷذѩһѣֻʰ黳ӲͷƤƵԡ
һλͯĿԣӲ԰׵ˣ̶٣˿ú
ذѩأ쵽౻ڣҵС֡
x֮α澭һݵԼԽ͵ֱӿͷоСȥˣ
ҶڣԵͬʱһ
˭ôģȻҪȥҶˣٷѪɫʾ赹ϣŵҶֲǣǣֻýصҪģ
ٷ㲻ȣְذѩϣǿվȣŵأĪҽʦκ𣿡
Ҷæοڶٷ˷ģߺɽ֮Уٲݵҽ㲻ܻԭСӵˣҲؿɱٷ˳ȥϢһ£취
⡭ٷ˿˿ҶͻȻһ˿ãҺúܿظȴǶȻǾ鷳Īҽʦˣ㶨Ҫ취ȾҶ԰գԵ˳ȥ
ʱذѩȻ̤һҶһ࣬üͷжٳɰգСһ˳ȥϣڵྡ٣ޣҪǿԼҵҩһʱˡ
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ҶûһֶܱסСӵȲ˵̶ȣ˵ҶΪ纣׷ɱͿ֪һôĴڡ
ҶȡСӵȻҲСӵΨһذѩȸеҶйĲˮɻصʲôôŨ𣿡һᣬذѩ뵽ʲôͻȻʧӦòǡ
ҶæʹɫֹסĻֶ¿ɲţȻħЩһֶһ׷ɱҵɣ
ذѩʧ̬֮£æסԼ죬л¶ŵɫ
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ҶذѩҲ벻ЧˣȻԶԡ
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ذѩѹҶҵĺֵܡ
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ذѩذϷҶ޲ȻԶԡ
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ҶЦֻҪħ˲ҹȻΧֺξ֮УҶôױɱ˲֪ٴΣ
ȷǲƵʵҶĸ֣Сʱ򣬻ڣûһ죬Ǵ֮Уڱ֮ȥȴѺ̫ˡ
ҶΣͻȻڵѻص壬ҲӦûԼĵطˡ
ذѩҪȥ
Ҷ˫Ŀâ磬ʮң˵Ҷһ죬ȥһ˵ġ
ذѩ֪̾һ뿪ģȴû뵽һô죬λȥʲôļƻûС
ذѩижĵкܶ»Ϊգ̫࣬һһͿһȥŪʲôƻˡ
ذѩеĵʮҿɲǺദģλﵽ񾳽棬ȥһλΪ㱣ܻΣһҲɷȥ
ذѩЦǧ򲻿ɣħǿлŵʱ̣ǿֶһΪǵ֮㣬˵ܾһ
˵ҶƷȻһС֮¹֮£â쳣бذѩûͬʧ
ҶˣҲҪˣ
ȥһأ԰գֱڿնȫٱۣһƬֺ䵽һ£Ⱥɽ£һСǰԭϣ̲ˮľ䵴賿ӨӨĺƮҡ˶ʱһ
Ȼһ֮ء
ҶңǰʫƻЦľɫ·ֱ𣬲ζ
ذѩһصĺ͵Ҷǰ΢Цһֶ뿪ٴ򿪰ɣȻȲҶֵѪҺҲذѩһ⡣
ҶҲƴǣȻֵܼҲ˵ϻ֮Ҷȥղűɱ֮±شңҲֻȥִ֡
ذѩڿն𣬻ͷһܺ̾һ̿ʼҽħסҶһۣǰ˵һ𣬲֪ܷټ֮գֵˣ
һѳȥ
ҶͷҲصƶʱʱһС㣬ûʣһŮǵطȥˣû٣
һڳͷҶɬص𣬾ˣģذѩĽ飬ᣬƫûı䣬ħ£СүԻһˡ
԰գֱڿնʶȥ


797 ȡ
뿪岿䣬ҹϵĸ·ֱ֮һٵĺâٵı߾һ
Ҷӭڰ֮Уպʹأɫء
ԴӽƬ֮ķ֣߾һվȻŵĳѪɫһСƬǸĿա
Ǻҹǰ׳ѪɫδʧĴһ˿Ѫζ
ⲻܲ˸еȣ˴Χɫ쳣δ
Ҷơ
棬Ҳоƺʲô飬һ򲻰µҲҪŪﾹʲôһֱҲһֱܡ
Ѫɷ֮񱱷ʢ
뵽Ҷռ֮䣬ͻȻһŨҵɷӵϳγѪɫѪɫڰŤɨΧա
Ҷܣֱӭȥ̶ֳȵɷܶʲôӰ죬ǹɳѪɫ侲·ȥҪѪɷ֮ʲôγɵġ
ɲɨĿ䣬Ҷžȵķ֣·һب޾֣ûǻյĺҹأļʿг˳ɱ졣
֧ġףֳָеľӣֵıԵԡѪս໥ɱࡢɫͳ˧Ҷ˫Ŀң￪ɱ
ȴսյĺڵƣǹһ̨ľϣľƻЩƺ˸֮
ղǹͻȻѪɫɷǴǸ̨֮ðģЩɷľ̨Χγһɾ޴֮棬ʹģģ
һսҶӿпϵϲɵľȻ㵣૵Ǵ̨ʲôõأҶƵŪʲô£ֻôӿ
֦Ҷ䴩ԾڵѪ֮ҶɻĲ鿴ʬ壬Ƿʲô״
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Щȴûһߣֻ˵һ⣬ҲЩȥߣˣҶͻȻ뵽սĵǴ̨ĪЩȥߣѵǴ̨֮ϡ
뵽ҶͻȻչʶսԼ֮ڣȥսϵЩɱ֮ͻȻԶڴϸ΢
֮УмƷ治λʦܣؿиˣռˣͿƳһˣʱ磬͸ûй˼ˡ
ǣʦ֣һ淢ô죿
ޣǵһʹʲôʱǵͽˣǹĶҽս֪飬óûһˣ淢ʱˣ֪ƨ
ˣǱϻˣ㶯ռϵӱչоѹƺܿͻᷢѪɷ֮ò˶þ͹ˡ
ҶһȫϢӰּһϢƶһôӰ֮УĿŴԶĿյϣϥ߰һӰ
˶ǰʥڵߣ磬Ҳһǿˣһɫѣһǰһһ
ϥǰڷżߵʬ壬֣ззɿһЩֿڵյѪɫɷıǼʬ֮С
ֻЩʬ嶼һһâѪɷ֮ţЩʬƮ˳ֻΪƺȫܳȡԳɹʧܣΰ롣
ռһ˺δ໥̰һۣɿսЩսߣһ˹
ҶʩаЩҿħˣΪֳȡ˵İԵطֻҪħˣʹã˿ǿеҲӦħˣ¾ȻԼˣͲܲܣ
¶Ц⣬Ҷ·Ϣһ˵˵ٽʱԷȻ˿֪һ޴ʯϣϥһڱĿԪӡ
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һٷĹͬʱ˫Ŀ󻺻վֽš
ɿģҶȴ͸Щɷ
ĽȲٹ⼸֮ǾͲþЩνʿΪ˭ܿóƺܸˣ૵
Ƕ¶ϲɫʱһһഫλǸ԰ռⰡ
˭ͬɫ䣬æȥĽ䱸֮ɫ
ʱҶޱĴɽʯת˳һĺ⡣
ʲôˣ
ףǸ߽ߣ
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һֱڰǣУǸ¶˾֮ɫͬʱתͣȻʲô⡣
ҺҶˣЦһͻȻһ̧֣âһʺѪн¡
ˣŵϣ˫ȶѪɫˣ벻ԷˣֻǿԷתһӣȻͺɱ֡
ҶҲȥǺһۣһ䵽ϣ֮ΪҽתۿˣнǰȻŵһλᣬش⣡
˭֪Բޣһ¶мɫɱǣҲӲƣ
ʻˣһ͹ˣ˻Щ࣡кнָǸͷһɱ㣬ɱ˫һ۹ȴǸر׳ĺӡ
⺺ǰǿӲҡ
û꣬Ҷһȭֻ飡һBѻΪһߣ죬ȵʱȥʱˡ
ʱҶߵһǰ̾ϢҲ˵ˣֻȥˡ
ȵȣҪʲôҴһҶ˾ٶܾһһԾɣľ֮ɫ
Ҷû˵ı飬ͻȻǰԴᵯһ£ֻͨһûߵӵԵ˵ϡ
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ֲҶһǵ棬ˣϰ£ɵÿ֮ߡ
㻹ʧǾƲԳԷˡҶ˵ǰһΣһĻˡ
ԭһҲܶˣȻҶסˣ˸ӦػᶼûУôɫؼæеǰǺ⣡¿Ժġ
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󣬴¶֮ɫʲôͽȻýЩȻ˵ҪʲôѵҪѻ
˵ѻʱ¶˺֮ɫ
ѻֳߵ˼£˼˶㣬һЩߣ˴֮䣬ôܷԣֻطҪɣȴǼޱȡ
ֻһЩɡ֮УרϰǶԸű֮˵ֶΡ
˵ϰߣԽ˵ԪǳרŵطеҪϢ˵ֱӴ̼ʹ࣬ʹ־ټǿҲܲˣֻطȫ˭Ϊհɵ֮ˡ
Ҷ˵Ļʲô鶼ûУﵹЩ⡣
˵ʵûʲôѻõֻһĥطøԷһͷԣڴ˾ΪԼѻη֮⵹һ׼ʹˡ
ٸһλᣬ֪Ķ˵ҶûлشԷǷҪѻʵ
Ҷֱܶ˸ȷ˼֣ɫȻ촽˼£ûҪڵӡ
龰Ҷ˵ϻˣǵ˼ԼҲԵͺĽָ˵ͷϣʱһֱ֮˵Ժ
ֻȫž;溮ޱˣͺ궼Ҫסӣ·ǧͬʱ
Ƭ̺Ҳ̲סʹˣһҽкϵļⶼŤı


798 ݵ
ҪһûʽʩأʱʹڵϰٱҶƮĻߺȻ
ϰٱһҶ˻ιȥ
ڵʹ࣬޷ڳסһʱ̣ʱϰٱǻԪʹɢǸ˸ӷģȻôĥˡ
˿ͷҲûлˣˣҶӺӲŵļæĿڵǰ飬˵ˣΪ壬˵ˣϻЩ壬ͱӲˡ
ôʶȤݿͷ𣡡Ҷ¶һֿԡģſ˺һ
˼Ҷһѹһ
òҪûѻƭأȻ˵٣㲻ޱΪʲôܣԼŪûɢֻذɡҶޱȡ
仰ղʹѻ֮࣬һ£ɫѿ֮һᣬŵǡ
ǧҪ˵ħûйϵĻҲҲŵģҶޱĴ˶ԷĻ
Ҷôһ˵˿ЦղŻĲģһ˵أǣԥһ£˵ȷʵħˣֻȴûʲôϵֻϴʥս֮ǰĲвˡ
ϴʥսֻ˶Էĵһ仰Ҷɫ΢䣬Ծ
ʵħڵģϴΪ˶Ϻ󣬲ò˻˵
ħڣħҲǷŷˣҶ۾΢У絶ķâ
ǵģΪֻǰԴħħΪһͳ֮£ˣʵڸͲʲôħѹ£Ҳûа취˵һ֮ɫ
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棬ֻɽϻӳƴˣҪϼһﰵ¶֣ȥڵļλϣֵΪ档Ц˵͵
Ҷ֮üû˵ʲô
˽ֵǰҪҪ´ȥǣţƾǰֶΣǹƨԲĶ֣Щǹƨūǣ˲ٺöǰһ˵ĻһӵԹ
סҶɫأһΪӡ
ԶﲻԶкɽɫ̫õ˵ֻǣ֪Ҵȥģֻµ治Źңǰǲǡ
ǲҪҷ㣡ҶȻضϵ
˾òˣһǰĲɱ֮¶ϲɫЩӲӵ˵
ҶȻЦˣ
ʵҶܺ˵ȴ˱
ǵģĪǰʲôСʵɫе㲻
˵ƭ˵Ļѻ߷ּˣ֪¸ղ˵м棬мּ٣ҶŶԷ˫Ŀһֵ˵
Ǻǣǰ̫ˣղŵȷʵ֪ףһ뵽˵ʵĺֻӲͷƤˡ
ȻҾ˵һϢɣħ׼ʽˣҲ˵ǵжԵҲٿʲôܣھͰʡ˷ʱˡҶɭɭ˵
⻰һڣŸճԹͷĴλɫ
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סڱȵĺƶУȥƶͼ˵ֵķǳ
Ҷû˵ʲôϸһ飬ѵһö򣬲űûʲôƭҿԷŹ㣬ֺúõɻᣡ
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Ҷ˽СģֻһƼƶػޣǰСһ㡣
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Ҷ˳Ĭˣ˶ԷһۺͻȻ߻ߣϼ˲ƣȻʧɽ֮С
ԭվˣĿɫҲǱˡ
նԷ˵ĵص㣬ҶܹһЩѲɽȵħū׼ȷҵ˺ƶڣƺ̫ӡ
Ҷһ̧֣һ¹ʯӴзɳƯԼͷܡ
Ȼ\Ķڣһ˼ַų˲ֵǰСĵȥ
ɽȻҶԤһǺֻܿ߰ɣһɽڵǰ棬ɽײˡ
ҶϬĿתûзʲô쳣ŵͷȥ
Ϊյͼ棬ӦиͨĵصΧ־ӦúܺҲǡ
ȻһԶĵطһڲ¡߸߶·ʯ̨ӡ
Ҷûж룬˹ȥ¹ʯͰ׹⣬ϸ
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ûҶӶϵǺӰһԾĳҶ
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̫˼ˣؽ׷һ棬Ȼͱǹն롣
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ǰģһֻʮ׳ľ򼣬ؼǣ߳Ĵ룬ɲͣҶûַ֣ëˡ
ȻδɱޣɹǵĶͶŵöˡ
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ԼҪʰܻҪһֽš
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ҶȻɵɵţЩһ֪涾ޱȵĶմȾ˿һżһأԱȶôֵٶȵɳ˺ƶ
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ԭ֪ʱĸѷ֮Уڲ֪иʿˣ˸ţ˵˺ѹ־˵ʹˣ
ʱվһԵҶһУڿеƿ˿ͻȻӾĸ˳һн֣ȻҲŹˮĻᡣ
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һ˲ʲô棬Ҷᣬһһ⼤һ;ʧˡ
ʥڵļһһһſ뿪ʾȴѾˣֻһǵⲻ֪ôͷһ
һҽ˲䱻ն߰˽أԪ񶼱һƬķ飬δӳһ˿
Ҷɨ˲ʬһۣޱ飡
ȻŵӣҴӹϿӦǼаˣϧָһһųɳۡһȸɢʬڻлΪС
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ٺ٣½֮ϣ˭ʶ㣬ǸǸ˶еħţһֱͷ꣬Ҳϸ룬һһɺɫħпӿһͻΪһںھֱ˲ԶҶ
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˵ɣʲô顣Ҷһ֮󣬲ʾذѩڣذѩΪĴ磬ʱϹԼԲʲô򵥵顣
뿪ϻĴ½һµʱϻĴ½ɽ֮УͻȻһȻľ޴֮ԴԴϵش˵˿˲˼һĻϻĴ½ɽ֮УһЩɵɽ̮߽֮ʧһЩϻĴ½ðô´˵ʱɽ֮У˲˼ľ޴ԶԶһ˵Ƿ֣Ǿв˼ǿս̣˼켸ҹʱ䣬ʧ֪ΪʲôʸķӳǳѸ٣ɳǿ߷·ص㣬ǲ˾޴󷨣ϢϻĴ½֮ϸִԷз˵ĲǿɱʸļȴʸĻֻɱ
ذѩ˵һҶеȾȵϢ
ôҲû뵽Լ뿪ϻĴ½һʱȻвǿȥɱҼļ
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Ӱм죬Ʈֿ̣Ĳ˼飬ããҹɫڻ֮£ûзһ˿죬ڽֵѲҹѲʿûзӰĴڡ
ӣӰͳԯǣܿԯǸİͳûããɽ֮С
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ӦþڸˣѾ΢оһЩϢˡǰǡս𣿡ããɽ֮Уһɹ·֮ϣҶ۷塣
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ֻһƬ΢Եðݵľ޴״أռس˷Բǧﵽܲɽ̮֮ʯʯ鱻ֲ֮γɵɳмһɳһֲ
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̵ģսĳĩաһҶԺ֮Ѹжϣݻ˷ԲǧɽƻԲʥǿɣֵ˫һǳԽʥ񣡡
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һ񱩵ĺɫ˸Ҷղ̤ʮ׷ΧеĶһͻȻӿ֮˸ĺɫ棬ȼճޡ
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ںϿռ䱾ԴҶڣϸſ֮ԪصĲת·ߡ
ʱҶѾͻʥıԵһۺޱȣսʵѾ߰ǵʥ˶٣ڵҶڿ֮еԪص⣬ѾǷǳͨ͸ˡ
ߵԪظ֪ѧۣҶڸ֮ܿԪص·֮ԼԺ֮л赲ԼǰԪ󷨵ͼ
һԪħԻԪΪһƿֲСʮơףԣʮһøĲֶΣȻһϵ
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ҶԸ֪󷨣ĿǰҪóһȫͬ󷨣ȴԶԶ
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󷨵Ĵʦʱڳۿһᾪ°͵ڵϡ
ΪҶȡĶѡ·ߣյʱ뵽۵رܿÿһƻ·תԪص·ʱ䣬ЩֻҪһ˿󣬻ʱİϿһһʱ󷨣һ麮
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ǰδеֻҪ΢飬Դͻһۡ
ղ̶һСʱȺǿӲҶеƣ
һʱ˼ά;ʱʱ̱̿Ÿ߶ȼУȫÿһ鼡ⶼҪ׼
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ģҶеƣ룬ԼǿľһڱҨɵˮһҪɿˡ
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Ҷ۾һоеƣѾһɨա
ˡףǣҶͻȻһ㶣֮ӹһ˿ϲΪ˼ط֣ԼľȻ˲٣֮ǰҲǧ֮һĳ̶ȣղһ
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֮ſֲನǿʱľನನǳϫһڿ֣Ҷܿ˸һķ֡
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һЩҹɫɽεŵĵù·СĴܵ󷨣˲ʱͱɱǣǱɼмֱճһƻҽһԪعҫҹա
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Щǿ߽֮ʱನʵ̫ǿ൱ǿߵһþòɢʱʱ֡
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ҶҲǿԼԪΣտֲĸ֪һδǧһ֮ʶ㿪ЩɢϢЩдನһ֮·ǵΣա


801 
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ܵˣӦ񡭡
ֲĽֳ棬һգɽ壬ɽ̮Բǧɽɽ壬ȫˣɽ֮飬ĻᶼûУ˲ʱڷ
ǽʱд棬ڿУ־ӡ֮Уþòɢ̫ˣ
˽ֵʱ䲢ʮӣܿͷֳʤ
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Ҷһ·ھ޿ս֮вϵظǿֺ߽ϢԪֱܹӿ֮вд֮Уܲҷʱǿֵ߽ĴΡ
Ǿḻһ˿ͿԷļһһЩǿֵ߽ƬΣģ˳˼ƽϡ
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ҪȻκβҼļרҼһЩҪ֣Ҷɲұ֤ԷԼҼ
ֻҼΪʲôϵϢҶо˵Ϥأ
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صԯ֮ҶҲǴȻһЩ仯ŻҼļɱǰҼɹĸÿ춼һЩﱻߡ
ڷǳʱ̣Ҽ嶯˷ǳֶΡ
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ʱڣҶԱϾԳԼû˿
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ҶĿǰʵѾԽʥﵽ˰ʥ֮ҽɫԪ֮Ҷһ·ĵʵ仺˼вأȴȻ֮˸š
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Ҷһ˸˾޴սǰ
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ȫ֮ʱʽǿ󵽲˼飬ȻǿΪ֮ɢӡ֮Уʥ֮µ߲СĴУֻҪЩεӡͻᱻ̽һ⡣
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ҶԽ˴֮󣬵һѡȻϥԭأ˾ķţ쾫İ취ʼָԼľ


802 
Сʱ֮۾³һʱ̿Ҷľڸղڴﵽ˾ʥżһССͻˡ
žߣ֮ʱ̨磬Խˡ
ζҶиʱˣʵȻҲͻԽ졣
صͷ˾ĶҶվ׼ǿµľӡ֮жԼʵǵվǰһƳʱ˼۾ͬʯһԭء
ԭ֪ʱһӰȻĵسԶ֮С
һݵӰ
ǺܸߣȴޱӢͦǱǹһԭأҶ˵ףµ֮⣬ԿһϮɫĳۣһͷٲһкɢԺϣҹƮ裬һƮȻѵϡ
ҶԾ˵ʵȻȫǳ
Ҷȫҿ϶Լ۾֮ǰ޿ս֮оû˵Ĵڡ
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ǰ˵ʵȻδȴҶݵвоָоֻһͷ֮ʱᡣ
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ҺúڽĽâʯ赲һ£ҶüңԾ˿
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ɫ·ĵʮ׾޽ҶĽһϬľϮ˫һ飬Ҷֱһͷӿ
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ݱӰ棬ǿƥĶֵ档
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ƣǾҪһָһֻһ㡣


803 ָ
Ҷɫһ䣬˲ٴ˳ռ䣬ȫԯȭӡ
һȴѡԯȭ
һвɱ«Ļ汾Դ˲伱Ҷʵ۴СһоҶĿǰԷǿĹˣ
ǡ䣡
ҶǿһҲǽǾ˵ָһأʣȻĵسҶͷ

ʮ֮
á
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ͬ˫üչ񾲣ҶɫޱϲһƬͣЩʲôҲ˿ڼ֮ǰҶʩչɱУҪҶٵС
ǿʮԶĵطҶʱеľѾԱ
ղʮӵḶֹ̌ԴӳΪΪΪգҲΪǱһξ
顢໹ʱգǰǿ߳Ҷʵ̫̫ˣڽֵҶŭ֮ʩչ취֮һķɱ֡
˼ʽܣһԸһ֮⣬ȴܿͱǰ赭д͸ˡ
֮Уǿ߽վԭûƶһȴҶƵǻƨɵĺһҴܡ
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Եʵǰٻʽͼɣֽһ硣
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һطĿףѾȫȻҲ޷޲ˣһװٺҶʱ䣬Ÿոȴһؤװõعϡ
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һСһҶڵĽͨϵиƻɵҪԶԶҶ˺ۡ
ĴۣҶȴֵͷ˿ûܹնһ
ʼգҶʩչȫûܹ֮ڡ
ǣܴ˿ѾˣҶȴ֮ǰκʱ̶Ҫ
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֪Ϊʲôϳǰǿ֮ҶͻȻ֮оһкͰȫ
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뵽ҶһһʹƣϮҹ֮Уֻȫ˫һһƨɵԭأ붯һ¡
һȫԸĴս֮Ҷȫָͷ붯һ£ڵƾֻϿһ㣬ۣһͬһ㣬ֱð亹
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ΪԼԼ֮䣬ҶǾԼǺʲôҪĶ
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ֱ˸߰˰ˣԭָ֮֮󣬾صͷһ̣ӹɽһΡɽ壬ԯǵķȥ


804 ֮ս
صԯǣʤһЩ飬ϣҶںϿռ䱾ԴɴԽİٴɽľ޿ս
Եѵãɲ㣡
ʮػŵľ޿ս룬ľӡյĶ֮УһϮɫƮƮɵӰС
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Դһ˿һ˲䴥ֲĴȫҶ֪ǰԤ֪ߡȴκһħ·ֱǷ˼ˡ
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ǰҶ˴Իָһ£վԭعʺ
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Ŀײףͷž˵ϢҶװͬһͷѪսһ㣬ɷ
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Ҷ˲ʱԼǿɱУҲһС
֮Уһֻʮ׼ȭӡһָͬŵĻӰ֮У˲Ϣ֮仯ǣſĦһͼ̶ƿ֮ʮ֮ھӡղ֮еǿغɱ
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˵ţǿϵĶȷʵ˿һֱ˫˳ӭŶ澪춯غɱĻȭӡ`Ƿҳһ㲻һ
ɫһֻ޴ɫ۶ɵľ޴ƣɫⲨ֮һ̽ƻʵ˲͵ǰ
֮С
䣡
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֮ļµϢֻǶ̶̵һ٣Ȼɽһĺ֮쳹ɫӡɫĩΪ̻貶Σգ׺ڵҹա
⡰̻ĳͼɵʯмµĴضʼŭ
һֱӣֺ˵Ʋɢ
ȭӡ֮Уͬʱ顣
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ǶںʵȻк棬½кܶǰڽ׶ͻͽƲɵȴΪ͸֧Լ츳¸ȣһֻʥ۷޷ͻ֮·
ߵ֮·Ϻܶԭ;ͬ飬ο̶һݺӵء
һ¥ܸǶߣȡڵػι̶̳ȡ
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ǿ߾ҶʵٶȣҹȣҶʵںˣѾӰʥ˾ʥȻΪҶ׷󵥴
ҶЩʷһһ͸֧Լ츳ճ֡Сʱˣδؼѡ³ˡ̫ˣáĸ롣
Ҷжʱһ˿м
ҶԴһָԼĵָ㣬Ȼһ־ΥϤо
Ҷȴֲ֪λǿ˵Լ
ԼʵȫǡѰ·֮ʱָ̨ãһһεĻ
ҶʵΪ죬ֺ󾢲״̬ҶĲӣʱ̨֮еʱӳʵٶȣֻԽԽ졣
Ȼռ䣬ʱ̨еĽָҶǾԲͱ˷ġ
лǰҶֻ˵ˡ
Һǿ߲û׷ʵ˼֮ǰҶԽʱֶΣҲףǰСƺʲôڲͬĵơ
磬ÿ˶Լܣǿֻǵ㵽Ϊֹȥ̽Ѱ˵ܡ
ղһУڱŸңƲ㣬޷ʽ̺ĺȫ
ǿ˵ţҲһȭ֮гһʮ׼ȭӡɫ۶ɣȴҶԯȭ֮һɱľ裬ȫģ˳
һȭٶͬ쵽˼㣬ȴûͬҶȭһĦ⣬Ҳûмƿ֮ȭƸƮ죬ȭ·ӹ졣
һȭȭӡһûԶʡ
Ȼһ˲һ̶ĺХ֮֮гһĨɫĺۼձ˺֮Ѫһ㣬һĨʺӡ۾þòɢȥ
ҶͣĬȻ
һȭҶ֮ǰʩչԯȭ֮һɱͬʽͬͬȭӡǿߵУȭӡȱıֹ
ȭ֮쳬Խ٣һֱȵȭӡʧ֮󣬺֮Ŵ֮бĦĻҺۣҲֳ
죡
쵽˼飡
Ҷȴ뵽˸ࡣ
ʲôǿ˫ָڱ֮Ҷʵ

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ǰȭֻǵ˵ͬȭ·ߡϡʽҲһģһȭӡȴıֹΪǰĿѾﵽһ˼ľ磬ֻп΢޶ȵطӳӦеҶ˵
ǿߵͷܺá
˵ţʳָһһɫŶӭҶһץõеȴһ飬δü֮ǰӰһΣɿǿô뿪ģȴѾڤڤӰˡ
ҹ紵絶
ɭںĴ֮İͬҹΣ֮ʱʱһ˻֮
ҹɽǸʽ޵ãɢϢȴҲ˲Ԥ֪Σա
Ҷҡҡͷ
ǿ˵߾ߣٶȿ쵽˼㣬ûɶȲ࣬ͲҶﻹкܶܶҪλ̣ڿȴҪȵˡ
Ŀб֮ϣҶǿӹһʸص
ǳϸɵɫδ֪ëƤƶɣָϸüΪ˴һ׶೤ʮ׿ĳ״ʮۿһƾĹ鼮
ûв𿪣صһڵһҳдżԲ֮̽֡Ҷһͬ⾹ȻһרɺͶĲٿؼɵᣬҿⱾ̶ȣֵȻƣȴ֪ǲλǿ׫дɣ
ҶѾеȲطһˡ
ʱͻȻ֮ע⵽̽滹һӬͷС֣ðɫī֭дɣҲΪʱ̫Ѿеģ壬ϸһ󣬻ǿǿϳһӬͷСֵΪ
һ֣Ҷһе𾪷ͬСɡ
⾹ȻһݻҼڲλܡ
ҸΪ˼ǣ׫д˾ȻǻҼ崴ʼˣ죬͸ˡ
ҿм¼ⱾÿһλҼļĶÿһλҼļĵᣬ˵ⱾڲλܵѾܾԶˡ
֮У죬ҲǻҼĴߣһλž޵ţв˼츳
΢ĩոµѧսҼһѧλŴ˵Ѿͻ켼ķ롣
ң첻ʵ֮;Ҳǳڻ֮ʣõʥߵùʥߵһ仰
Ǹִľ漣Ͳɵֿ
κεˣڻı֮ǰ׷˱ᡣ
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ȻӬͷС֮йֻǻոմ֮ǸʱĳɾͣҲΪΪʱļֵȻԹ
߾ȻܹõһԭӦɭϵļر֮дŵ͸¶ϢɾֵôĦˡ
Ҷһʱֻ֮ԽĪ⣬ȥҲûһȻҡҡͷе
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СӣϲˣҼδļ̳ߣöΪ֮۰è˵ǰ٬޼ɵԴˣҶҲϰˡ
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ٺ٣ʣ֪֮ˡèһЦһѲӰȻѾعƬռȥˡ
ôأĪⳡйأҶèʧӰͻȻ۾һ񼶱ľǵǼǡ
ȥ翴ˣֻǰ⣬ûȥɡ
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ڳһıɴڿУ߻谵ûһ˿һķ磬֮ļµϢ
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ùս˶ڻƻ֮ǰɽɽָս
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ɽǴӵһ㣬ڹʶ֮ԵüΪͻأܱ߲ûɽӣͨΪɫʯ΢΢бǹһ㽫мĽΧм䡣
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ףҶٴνԹ͢ϸ飬һȷ˵ݣж˵ָ֮Ŀռ֮󣬲շС
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Ҽ廤ͬһ߲ʵɽ壬һᱮÿһߵУٷĿͽʱҲֵĹԹСèһಽظ֮С
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ǰǹսˣλĵȺڴˣҪ߶
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Щ֮Уһλ΢ͺݵĻ۰߱ǹһΧ룬ȻߣҶܹоóͺߵʵҲھʥ硣
׶Ũܵĳ룬۾һͿ֪ʱΪӢ͸¶һɳȲɽϢ
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ҶߺԼõϵϢԱȣܿ͵ó˽ۡ
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һŮ˵ݣȻܹõ˹Ħ֮սʸŮˣԲ򵥡
ڰ°Ϳ˼˵ĲԶʯһλ׺ͽˣòӢرһ˫۳˹ǵ
˵ʵڴ֮ǰҶû۳˵ϣʲô˼׻棬һˣȴԭһвףǡǡ෴൱ĺгǰˣǵ죬ʮ㡣
ЦЦĵۣټ΢ȫɫһֱǻȣ˻һֲɱҫ֮ԿɱκλĹŮĹٸǡ
Ӣӵ߲ûдһɫĸŻòŮ
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ӼԪԺѡγĸһǸףԿɿ˱˱ףŵ
һڻҼӵܵĵ˺ܶ˵ע⣬ͶעҶϵĿ࣬ȻҶݣʱҶ룬һ֮ǿ磬ƽգһȽȽǡ
ԽԽ˶ڰоҶٵϲú
ʱ΢֮лţ֮ǰսɽˣ֪ȥӰӣ·ʧһ㡣
֪ɽķʵɭʱƷƽ˾Ҫ˸Һ߶Ҵһ˲Ȼǿ籩꣬ҶܹоõɽĸżΪǿϢȻиڷ
ת֮䣬Ѿʱӽƻ衣
֮ǰϢսӦڻƻʱֽУ˸еֵǣ˴ʱȻλ
Ҷһֱڹ۲ΧĻ
Ŀտݵزǽ߷壬֮⣬һֱԼǧ׸ߴ׵ʯ𣬴񷣬ɽ֮ۡ
Ҷûв´ʱӦǧʯĶ˾ս
ʱվߵĿտݵϣͿԽⳡ۷֮սһ࣬ⳡ۷֮սõıǿս
֮ŤͷҶһλһȺĹվһڶָָ㣬˸Ųмһ˵ɫЦʲô
ʱ쿴ǡˣ
Ⱥ֮в֪˭ΡΡغһ˳ָȥȻǧ֮Ǹ޴ʯˣ֪ʱĵسӰ·بһֱڣֻԼ֮ǰûзһ㡣


806 ս
ƻʱ֣΢
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ʱҹĻѾ΢΢٣¸ոɽƽλãǿߵӰӡ۾޴֮УƮƮͬһ㣬ڷֻܿŵ޳Ψʫ⡣
ѩĻ񣬺⻢θߴΰɽƤףŲα죬˫ֱǰ٣վԶԶܸһּ˵ԺѹȸС
һ߾Ķ֡
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Ҷʱ̲סվſڴ󺰵ǰ
ʸڤ߸ɽŤͷһҶͷӰΰɽХɽ紵һͷ˿裬һħԣһ޷ľ谵Ŀ磬˶е˿µѹ·һħ˼һ㡣
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Ҷ˵ʸڤǸ߸ϵĻ񣬶ʦ縸ʦѵˡ
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Ϊٴǿ߲֪ᵽʲôʱ򣬵˾ô˭֪˾Ȼôٶһֳϼ档
ǰСġҶʱ򣬹ңе̲סִһ
ʸڤ䵭ӣ΢΢˵ͷ
䡰ȴѾΧ˾ӣرЩҼĹǣȻƽҲټλɽӼĻ񣬵ǹĸִ˵ĥǵĶƤ
˵λΪ嵭Įպյһţ񣬶ûеõλһ䡰
Ա֮£ҶȻҲȵ𣬵ǺűǲʮǧȻԵõĴࣿ
һʱ䣬ҼĵϵӵܿҶĿ֮жεľȡ
һЩе𾪾͸ˣ˵ǿʼ鴤ԼǴʲô֪ڿʼȣü
ˣĵӣɽۣ֮һֱĬѩ񣬺⻢˫üһƣ˫Ŀͫ׵ɫ֪ѾѪɫƹ⻪ͻȻʵ
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ɫûƻʱֵĽѾԺڰѩ˫ͫһֹϢɫ˺ֻһ񣬱˾޴ѹտݵΧ˷׷ױɫʵһģѾڵŭ
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ССĻҼӵܾҿԶԿԼʶʩѹѩ񣬺⻢ɫ΢΢һ䣬һָ֮һ޴ϣȻһ񣬽Ȳɱ㣬ֻһֱ۾ͺˡ
ź⻢һָ֮з䣬ӿ֮һȻɵĳɫϢس֣ԳԽ۲׽޵ٶȳҶұи
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ѵԯǵĳǸ֪ɵӣȻһλʲôȴ
ʱʵ͵ˣҲܵѩĿ£Ȼ޷׽һָĹ켣ȴҲɲǼоϢһЩҶкøе˲ȻɫҪѾ
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ȻʱֻڤһΣ˺⻢ߣһָ⻢ʩҶϵѹͻȻʧˡ
һָԤʾʽ֡
һ⻢ȻûоԸҶˡ
һʱ̣ɽ£Ľ֮У񣬶ԶԶϵϣʸڤȡյʤ
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Ҷʱʥ֮ȫʵ൱ھʥѩ滤񺮹⻢Ҳǿ֮У֮еһΣκ˵Ǹܡ
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Ҷ֮ǰսЩ۽֣Ҳǻ˺ǿ߶սľ飬ղź⻢ֲȫ֣Ծڤ֣ҶҲаս¶ԷĹ
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Ҷһֱ㲻ԼΪʲôĸоղſǿ֮󣬶ʱһЩ
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807 
Ҷ۾΢΢һʱ֮ͻȻ֮䴫Ľʯ֮

ֻ֮гһĻۻʸڤΡɽһ㾲磬Χ֮Ȼ֣ʮûκǹϮɱ
κһԻɱһʥĻ֮ھʸڤһָʱ򣬾ͱһ㲻ϸֳɫĹ赲棬֡
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Ļըһ㽫ҹȾһƬʺ죬֮У⻢ǿ֣һ˸վ磬ͻʸڤӶսʢ˫Ŀ֮ȻѪɫ棬ζסʸڤ
ʸڤһ֣ɫƽû˵һɨȼյĻʱϨ
ղǿߵĽֻ֣ǵʯֻ飬ȴ·ս֮Ŀѣԡ
ǿߣ񼶱ĸ֮ĶԾһѤãλһˣͶֻͿԷӳɱ
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ܹĸս͸ĸСС檣һﵹҲԵˡ
ݵصԶˣĹҲǸɫµظǿߴĳȱľĦǿ߶Ծĳ棬־Ͷ֮ѵĿֲ
ҶһʼȫעĹעⳡ۷֮ս
Ѿ¶˾ģһǿҪǳֲ֧ļ󣬾Ҫԥ̳֣Ҳϧʵ磬Ҷ˵ֵϧ˲࣬ʸڤ֮һ
Ѿƻ˳ֵķʽܹõһֶΣЩգԿԸ޴鷳
ҶԷĵǣղһԾȴǺԻʸڤռϷ硣
ʼգʸڤṳ̂һ⻢ȴǱ뿪ԭأ˫ԷһйУһУһһ֮Уʸڤв˿̻Ϣǳѹѩ滤
ʸڤʵƺҪѹ˺⻢һ
ķҶһɣȴҲܸ˵̫磬ΪǿߵĶԾܶʱֻһߣ֮ǰ˫ֻ̽ûʹɱУǿߵۺʵ߷Ķɱ֪ʲô̶ȣ
ƣ˷룬ԲǱô򵥡
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ҶĿ΢΢һ뵽˹ǿ·Ĵ˵
ʸڤ챾νĻҼľ֧ɱɽֻҪһգǸƨҼҲΪɻңѩʦһ֮ͿɸҼ塣
⻢ıԽԽ񣬴ĿĳɫϰӿƺǴë֮ӿ棬ʺѪĻڸǣΪһɢųȸµλ档
·սֻ棬µɫݵضʼƿή˿ϢسΪ˻ҽϵý·֮жһȵĺһ㡣
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˵磬Ǹħȣ鴫
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Ŷֲֿƣʸڤǲ˿̻Ϣؾվţϲޱһͷ裬ΰɽž֮дһħԣ
˫ֱһԽһĽ֮֮дһ͹ת²ɣϢ׾޽ظֶ·Ǿһ㣬ڻʸڤ󣬽΢΢һԽĽ·һ㡣
һĻҶ۾һ
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ߴʥ֮֮֮·Ϊ㣬ΪܶϵΪ㷺֡
һޣѡ޵˴඼ǲݸǿߣûнǮ֧ţֲԸǿòֻ֮ڣԼ塣
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޻ߣͨǩԼ޵ӳڼ
ԺԼ޷ɳǱѪӶ߱һЩ಻߱ͨȻööǱЩԼ޵ĵȼйء
½ܶӵܺʹӵܶϲ֮·Ϊ˵һݾʡȥĿޣüʵ׽ЩǿޣǿǩЭ飬Ϳһӵ޵츮ͨһͨһҹ֮Ϊ֡

𣡣
һľ޺쳹֮䣬ɽ֮ϵʯм£ɽ嶼ɫĻ汩ǣԪӿһͷʮ׻ԶŶħһľ״ޣճ֮С
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ԭλѩ滤Ȼһλ޻ߣȻͲµһ㣬ҶȻ̲ס΢΢Ծ֮֮еһϵ֡
½֮У޴Ǵϵޣóǻ֮ȴƫƫǻϵޣǸ߽ޣվɽ۷ŭͷѣֻǿҪʮ޵ĳ̶ˡ
ʮޣѾ൱ǿߵʵˡ
еѪƳǿ壬ټԪصУҪͨĵͽǿ߸ΪѲ
ⳡ۷ԾȻ޻֮ĶԾ
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ʸڤǧľԹҼĻ𣬾һս֮ͳͳɣҪûҵһУ
ں⻢״ĿЦ֮У֮ŭųʸڤ˹ȥʮͬɽһȼŻ棬޴˿أжҷŻ֮·һ㣬Ծʸڤ

һĵͺȣʸڤһһĹӳǿȸһ㻤ǰһٽһķ֮ǽ
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֮Сɽһײڽ֮ǽ棬һĺУԭĻǣȻ˲ֳ˲֧̬֮֮ܵľ޴αײõ˻ȥֱ׵Ľ֮ǽȲһ˿ûС

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808 콣
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磬磬򣬾ֱڵ˵֮еĻ֮ܣ⻡ź⻢նȥ
һ˲һѪɽ
ɫҹ֮Уֻ⻢μͬһʱʱ֣ȻûܹܿʯһվٴֳӰʱ򣬼粿ֱۺ;Ĵطǳһɼǵ˿ڡ
ײҲҵĹǲ綼ԿѪͬӿȪһ˳ͬѪһ㣬Ѫˮڵϣð˼̣ȻѪҺҲ̺ſֲ¶ȡ
ңã̫ˣиоʹζһˣڴĳ桭
֮ĺ⻢Էֻ˴һӹɫ˿֮б˳н֮ڵĻʸڤɫȻ˿֮ȼһ㵭ɫĻ棬ȵϨ֮󣬾Ȼȫָһۼû¡
ϧĽֻҪһɱңҾͿԻָ㣬ֻҪһѪû취ָĥҲĥ㣬ʸڤԴһǰ£ҷѾǧ࣬һշͷʮޣΪľǽ찡
⻢ָƣȻ˲ѪƷǸʤ֮ǰ
ս˶΢΢ɫ
޻Ŀ֮ԹһЩԼ޵츳ܣֶصĻϵֶΣǿµĻָԼ֮ǿֲǿԹ⻢ѩ滤촦ڲ֮ˡ
ղˣǻһǿߣֻѾʵǶں⻢˵Ϳת˲ָ֮˿ս
ķϻ࣡ʸڤץס޽ƽؿ˵ѽΪ콣Щ㲻һֱõʽĽϸˣһʽа
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һתȻ֮䣬ҹ֮һȻɵԲξ޴ͼ콣ĽΪתų֣һͼ˻δӦʱֻһɫ⽣ͼ֣֮Ƭ̣춼ɫĹ⽣һɹɻһĿֲĹ⽣֮вɢ
ͬ磬Űҹգħ֮ҹ֮ʼһ֮
һͷҷ֮Уʸڤ΢΢̧ͷ˫Ŀһƺ⣬³֣а
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֮дһŭĺУ֮֮ܵţս˽ɫȻһѩ滤˲С鷳
ȻҲһ˲䣬ɫ⻪˸ʸڤ˴һ⣬Ĺ⽣֮˲Ϣ콣˺⻢Ļ֮С
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״̬˺ĺ⻢ȻˣʸڤĽ׾ٵ˵
Һú⻢ķӦҲǼ졣
ŭУʺѪĻ汩ǣ콣ֻǴ˲ʮף˿µ谭һ㣬Ҳǰֺʸڤ˫ս汣һٰʮȵƽߣɫ棬ͼ¶Ļ涼˾һ֮⡣
һ˲ʮ׵ľͻ֮зֳһһһֻʮ׵ľ޴ȭͷ˸ǵľ¶ȣڿеĻʸڤ׺˹
ۿҪȭУʸڤ侲ޱȣͺȣһ񽣱忪ʼת콣һ޴ͷֲײʱǾκһɢ
վڵսУЩʵǼҵ֮սվȣǹغ«һɢľ紵ù˳ȥǿץסϵʯ;ûбС
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ʸڤһһ˲䶴˺⻢Ļ棬һ֮󣬳˺֮УһŶʮ׸ߵĻıһһֱ׵Ŀþòֺϡ
Ұ޸һŭУʺѪĻ濪ʼήң⻢ߴӰӻֳֻ֮λѩ滤֮䣬һڴǰͨ͸ĿѪȪˮһڽµʯϣʱʯѽһƬ̵УðһƵĸ̡
ԸӹϵԼܴ֮ˣתƣ֮Ѫֲ֮ܳƽȣ֮ʴȵġһϵԴӺ⻢ɿرĳ
鷢µĻܷ֮һʹĺУ޴ͬɽϳһѪ⻢ȴٵʧ٣Ǹڴǰͨ͸Ŀ˿תƵ˻֮ܵϣΪʧѪԲ԰׵˲ʱҲָѪɫùϵ޻ԼԼת޵Լ޵ϡ
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ҷŭˣһֱѹŴһˣѩ滤ܵ˷ŭ޻ŭɣ֮ޣ
һ̺žĻ֮޴ֳָֻ֮ϸȴʺĿһʮ׳һŤҹӡһʵʵĻӡ켣׽֯һ㳯֮еĻʸڤƹ
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⻢޿ɵֵܣ»֮ҲǸܵ˾޴ΣգԾ
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콣콣콣
˽ԾɫʸڤʵԶԶ˺ܶ˵Ԥơ
ԭΪ۷ǿ֮ƾеĶԾڿ⻢ڻʸڤǰǺ޻֮Ȼշʮ޻֮ܣԻʸڤʽȴĶӵҰһԸҼв
һվϷ磬ʸڤº飬콣һ˸׷˺⻢ߣŭն粻ˡ
⻢֮һգ۳ɵĳû磬Ѫӭ콣

Ļ𻨺ͽ磬֮ľѾ뵽˰Ȼ׶ζ̱ӵĽ׶Σ콣ͻ𵶲ײ˵ξһһһ࣬ɱͼĶ֯һĻµĽз籩
ʺѪĵоʯʵʯϳһ׵ĵۣһεĿ̵ڵͼ
ɫĽâӹգǻĽǽϬĽɲϷһĽâӡ֮У˸ռ䶼˿µɱһĻֻ÷˿ĿѣԣĳҡһʱȫУѡ


809 
⻢ȫ֣ɣʸڤս񱩡
ʱĻҼڲһʼ侲纮һ飬콣˶һƬµɱϬƥ͸𵶵ķѩ滤֮һµĽۡ
ʸڤǿϧ콣ҲɱңĴЦУ⻢ʽһ䣬Ȼ׷أ˳ܾ˵ĵУâʱ򣬻ӹڻʸڤļ粿һĿĵ˺ۡ
Լ޳еƣΪ޻һϵ⻢ʱԿٻָɱս
ΪһϵĻʸڤȴ޷Ǻ⻢תƣһˣսһ֡
ʸڤˣŶ԰
ĴЦУ⻢ƴȫܾ˵Ĵ򷨣ܺܿȫܲͬѪˣǺܿ춼ת޵˻֮ܵϣɱսƴĳɹڻʸڤ˺ۡ
ʸڤļ粿ֱۡȲ˲ƣ֮ĵ˿֮Ķ֮ͨ侹Ȼת֮ơ
һоʤһ
ʸڤһƿ˺⻢μ˰ף֮Уе콣תһƿ֮ɫ콣֮ϲɢ콣Żʸڤ˫ǰ쫷һת
ʽ죡
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콣ӳɫͬһȥ
⻢׵屻絽ѾƵֵû˿֮Ѫ˶ȥ¾޴ͬɽһĻ޻ܱ֮ɫУ˷־ŭƴȴ©һ޴ȻѪ͹ͷɽ䡣
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һɫ⣬գһת˲ţ˲䶴֮ʹĳɱ֮ĻʸڤأѪڿɢʸڤӰһҡΣҪ֮е
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ս֮мֱǲ̵飬λ֮ĶԾһϺڽ죬ƶĳ֣ǵսıֻҪ鴫ȥȻֿս
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ʱ䣬Ľ̻ͬ
ʸڤ˵ˣ죬
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һһɫ·Ҫ˺һ㣬һͬһ㳯Ű°Ϳ˻ɱ
ȥ°Ϳڼ׻εĵâźںɫĹ棬Ҷ

һĵ֮֮Уıˢˢϳأһһ˸ͷ
űŭ֮еҶǸûκεĵֿ֮һ֮䣬ʬ˵ϣ֮ΨСɫòΪɫĻʵԶԶͬߣڹؼʱֱ°ͿһѣŴӽ֮
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Ҷ֮޼䣬ļҶҲ˲Ϣֱָ֮°Ϳ˵ࡣ
һɫδ䣬еʽնʯ֧֮ͬһʱ䣬ȴǲϺ֮°Ϳ˵ֱҲʼɫĺ˪

°Ϳ˰üһƣǼΪ⣬û뵽ļ̺˹ĺֱ۽ֱִַովȹŮжһ𣬼䲻ݷصסҶϮ֡
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ϼһھȻҲһ񡣡
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ҶҪŤͷûҼԶԶܿⱻȴ˲䣬֪ΪʲôͻȻе纫ӷϡ
ӢҷˣĸɫŮź֮£žףЦЦؿ֮ڼĻʸڤˡ
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׼ħȻǷǳֲĽһʩչ֪սֲʲôӰ죬ȻʸڤΪˣʱϾһˣս֮ǰʽ˴Ĺ
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һԳݵţ˲ҶԺ֮˸Щͷһ֮ΨһһͷϺħħ
ȻûüҶκεжѾǰ뵽ʵ뷨


810 б
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еǻڤһ̫ħ졣
УϵɫĹ֮Уն֮еĺӷ㣬ХǽϵЧһžʥˮ׼
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Ҫңȥ壬նɱ°Ϳˣʸƿ˻Լǰߡ
ܴʱѾΪǿߵֶһƬңǧһʱ̣ʸȴԵ쳣侲һʱ߾£ĸȥΧɱϽ°Ϳˡ
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⻷֮ее콣֮Ǳ׵ɫľ޽ҲŻڤĶбٵһƻʵҳ˵ķӦݺݵػ˱ɫħЯеĺ⻢ƶ
䣡
һ¡ľұը֮дɫħֱӱ䱬ħԪң˷ը
Ǳɫ׾޽ǴһŽɫըⲨ֮кйȥһݺݵɽۣضҡ֮УǸߴǧ׵ʯڱ˷飬޴ʯ¡¡̳ڸ˵ߡ
ʯм̳䶨ǰһر
ڤϵ˿ڻѪرشΪƶ͵ϮеһƣΪĿģ¶Ĺͷ硣
ڴĽ֮£Ѫģ֮ԼԼԿǱ׳ľ콣һصߵĵϡ
ҶֻڤɫȻЩ԰ףһ˿죬ϢƽȣеĵԼһЩ
ѩĺ⻢ն˰ֱֻۣѪȪһ˿ڴ˸ųɫĻ棬ҪֹѪϧʱԼħ޻֮ͱڤһʽն⣬Ҳ޷תƣһŴɫƼֱͬ˱һ㣬촽ڣ۵ǲͣس鴤嶼ʼ
ֿһƶеɫ״ֻʣһز׵ĶϽһԼɼǵĿֲ˺Լ粿һֱӵطҲദ¶˺ۣѪϪˮһȻҲᡣ
纫ӷĿռϵħͻȻѣڤ콣ڶʽʥλ񣬼նһϵսڤսʱİգֱ¯ĵزսֵת
㾹ȻվӪ⻢۾¶޵Ĺâضźӷ㣬һͷҰһ˻
֪ԼʲôĽˣ;ˣǽעûƴ𣿡
ź⻢ʣӷƲƲ졣
ûпһλѩһ˫ǵĵλɫ԰׵ľɫŮɨһеīɫħȣһɫϢλŮϣŮϢʱƽ˲٣ɫҲú


811 ն
ҶԾ
벻˰гΪ竲ɾҩķֵĺӷ㣬ȻһλȾͨռϵħ־ͨˮϵħħʦ
ߵƻƿһŮȻҲﵽʥ֮ŮħʦŸŮάϵâǷ󱣻ӷ㡣
ӷ˴ħڵлŵɲϧħΪŮ˵ı֣һķ֮Ĺ£ƺáԡĸܽġ
ʱҶҲףԼƺڴһ߲ƺõС
ҶܹȷһǣӷȻǼΪܣ˺⻢˵Σڸһ׼ħ֮ʱ°Ϳ˳Ϊ令סҶ
ʸᰵ˻Ҳ֪ӷֻ֪ȴ˲֪ӡ
֮Ӣ˺Ͳ֪ԭίһĺϷú⻢˶ȫζ˸еķʩչħǣûڤһ֡
Ҷףⳡǰֵ÷з֮սԶԶҪԼļӸӡ
ϽһôȻҲڲϧԽԻ˵ҫ뵽ѩɵı֮У
ʸ߸ֵı֮¿߳һ˫ɫע°Ϳˡ
һɫλ뷢԰׵˫Ŀת˲ţųٶȱüᶨޱһϱ˵ѾҪڵ˵ͬԸס°Ϳ˵ҫ
ʱİ°Ϳɱǿ֮ʵһˣ쳣ƽߵ⻢ƶǰסˣһ֣Զһʬеĳ뵽У˫΢΢ָ棬һЯѪþ־ǿȻ֮ȼȵս⡣
ϧǵļƻѾʧܣû˻סһƻƽ֮սıҵҫ
Ц˸ŷŭɫվ˻ʸᰵߣмνĽˣΪǲ֪ôߣֻһ޴Цѣ֪ԴԾĹ
ĵһ仰˵ûд
ʱʵԱȣһ񣬻ڤڤ˲ᣬӷȻûˣħĲ٣ӦԶԷǿߣʤϣȴ˼֡
磬ֳǻڶʥ֣֮ǰսļ˺һֻŹĬ֮⣬ơ
Ҷ濹ס°Ϳ˵Ĵڣܵ˵ռŲСƣټɽ춯ѾһЩֵע⣬ȵǿ߸⻢˵ļƻȻʧɡ
Ҷɫشյ˻ڤߣӹƬռ֮ȡһƿ׼õĵҩҪڤС
˭֪ڤȴûнµҩǻͷؿҶһۣһҶһĴ·λʦ縸ֵǿڶԼ˵ʲô
Ҷ㶣ҪȰ˵ʸڤϽµҩ˭֪ڴʱڤֱվһɽ˳ȥ
һְɣλһֱصѣҲɣʸڤ콣ŷףĻ񣬵״ʲô
ʸڤո£˻Ծ仰˼ʱȴס콣һ죬ɫâն˵Ϳ֮еƣƿ̶֮ڵҹĻһþòɢ˺ۣ·Ҫ˺Ѻɫһ㡣
䣡
֮нһƺɫ棬ɫâݺݵײһ𣬾޴𵴲ڰ֮ɢɫͺɫɢ
벻㾹Ȼܹң֮һԴžĴЦ䡣
̺֮źεɱĴЦͬʱµģһɫ⡣
ҿٵ׹ڿ֮ĦһĻǺŵϾվŵĻʸڤֶ¡
һ·ɽƣ϶·׹δֻȻɵѹͷ£һִһӴΡĹɽѹĹѪž죬˾Ҫѹһ㡣
ơȻһ֣
ڳҼ˽Ǵʧɫʸᰵ֮ӿһ˿㵣ʱ򡭡ԷȻһ֣
˫ʵĶԱȣɾ˲ʱ֮תˣһǿߵļ룬Ա֮£ǻҼڶ࣬ȴ˾Ե澳֮С
ҶüëʶһƵľɢ䣬˫Ŀ֮Ȼصɫ
ΪҶٷ˵ϢϤϤļֱԶǵĳ̶ǿߣȻǵϻĴ½ʸڤսش̿͡
˽սγ˶ΣյսҶԵʻ֮£ǿ߶еľӡ֮ɽʸڤõһļ
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ʸڤһɫ䣬˫ֽһ޴󳬹׵콣תٴʩչ콣ڶʽʥɫ׾޽˶գȻ֣һն䣬޴Ľкػ֮׹µһŻǹ棬ҵײ֮ɽ嶼ʼҡ
ܣⲻܣϢΪʲôͻȻ֮ǿ󣿡֮дλǿ߲˼ľ
ͬʱϺ⻢ƶͰ°Ϳͬɫʱ䡣
ΪǶܵóղŻʸڤʩչ֮ǿԶԶԽ֮ǰεˮ׼һµľ磬֮У֪ʱԲӡ
ҲٰϧԼΪǿߵëһۣԿ˱˴еĺȻʱ֣ޱǿ߷Ϊǿߵϣлʸڤ
ãʸڤˣ˴
ڻ˳ˣסǣҲҪڻ˿쳷ˣ
Ҽֵǣƴˣ
ľ䣬ûҼĸ˲ʱ˳׵ķ֮УȻʵ΢ǿ߽ʱһ΢綼޷ΪһҫΪһλҼӵܵ
ʱûκһ˻ؿѾ˵Ļ񱻱ɵĶΧǷǣҲҪΪⳡѾʵ֮սһѪ
ЩƽĹǣʱҲνĹȺ۷һǰ塣
ҶһԲ
һƿҩʩչңΣ弱תͬһƽزһս֮С
ֳһƬң֮УΨʮɵĸ֣ԶԶվһߣɫȻɿϷһ㾲عսû˿ֵ˼
ĺӷɫأһӷȣһħԪز߿ʼӿȡ
䣡
δȵ˳嵽ս֮УһӴ󲻿ɵгȥ˶ɻδ̺ɱֻǽ˵ʧһֻ̣ʸڤսȵÿ˵Ķ𡰻Ҽ֮ˣ˵һߣμסĽҫɽ֮ϣ콣֮£һһһҼҲͬԽǷʬɽ仰̺ޱǿţ̺Ųַҫ
ʸڤ֮ȻûвκεҲ㲻ȴɽ֮еĻҼ˲Ǳ׵ǿһֻȫѪڿҪȼҪըһ㣬˶עһǰδеĺԺһֱǿʣ
ҶǱʸڤһ˲չֳİȼˡ
ҶԴʶʸڤλΪһ档
ҶҲŻ֮䣬ƺʲôܻʸڤƽֵε͵ηƵǣʼһĻ
ǵǰǸһŭ֮£ʬǧѪƯֵһѪǿߣǷԲһ콾һλǿ֮ϲƵһǿߣ
Ҫʱλ͵ҷƵǿߣͻչֳѪԵһ棡
ǿߣ
ͻʸڤķȣҶԼǰְֳԵֱһСӵͷһװʽţǿӲ
䣡
Ҷһǰδе״̬֮еʱսֲ˼سһߵ״ʸڤ磬ƺ֮ǰһֱ˲ʵʱѾԶԶԽ˵̶֪ȣһһ֮г˲赲ɽһͿԽȫʢ״̬֮µİ°Ϳ˺ȻɣѪգ
ʮȣʸڤһն¡
ֲ˺գƶͺ⻢Ѫˣأϳһֲ˺ۣѪ֮¶˺ȻĺɫѾеˣǰֵͻȻǰδе֮С
ʸڤôôֲ
ľƽȥֻ½Ĵǿߣ˭Ҳ뿪ɽ
ͻ˹ʦܣǲǶ֣ˣ
⻢ֱһУֻڿֲҴܣѾѹƲסĵ֮䣬Ѫ֮ǰ¼ǿҲ׷ɱҶش̿˻ʾ⡣
ߣƶͰ°Ϳͬ־ŭؾȳתӣʸڤͻȻ֮䱬Ǹе
˭Ҳ߲ˣʵĻʸڤǱһһ֮ǰԸ֮ʮ㣬죬׷ɱҪȫϾɱ
Ĵǿߵ˸ƿնӴܣҼʸڤͻȻǿʵݻǼȥģٵȥǵɱ˻ʸڤֻԼҲᱻնɱ
ǻʸڤȴĻᡣ
ɫĽâƳգһĽâͬǺ˶׷ɱ
ۣ

ͻ˹Ͱ°ͿڿӲƴһǽ⣬ɫâ̺֮ŵĿֱֲӺĿѪǱӴܵΣǱ޼еһײײشӿеݺݵˤ˵ϣһƬ̳
ͬʱǧʯʸڤýһģ¡Уʸһ㼤ɳȥײһӴܵĺ⻢ƶķ


ǿ߸ܵ׷ľʯɫ䣬֪ʸڤҪϾɱˣŭ֮лҵֵһһЯųɫɫĹײ˾ʯ֮ϡ
䣡
Уʯըѿ̳֮ʯмҷɣɫ̻һ㡣
ɫâʱԵʯٶȣ˲䴩͸˳̻ش͸˺⻢ͻʸڤ壬ѪɽѪȾա

ۣ
ƺߣʧȥϸǣķһ
ʸڤ̽Ц
һ̵Ļʸڤֱͬħһ㣬ռžʲڣδŰԵƿֲһͷŨܵĳҹɫ֮пҷ裬ڸסӣֻз˿֮µһ˫âӣǿԶһС
ü콣
̹ǵߣĴǿȣǺ䡣
ʱѾˣʵʹǵķӦ񾭣ûеӦ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʸڤɫ֮˸Ѿ˺⻢ǰ޴콣лһƥ
ݣ
һͷ­
˫ʧȥ۾֮ŵı顣
֮ǰԶ벻ԭһμƻܣԿǧǽ֮ս֮սΨһǽԼΪʲôһܵʱͻȻ֮ߵˣԼȻԭǱɡˣ
ͨ
⻢ʧȥͷ­ľ޴ʬ˵˵ϣʧȥһ۲Ʋʬ弤˿̳
һλǿߣˣ
һλ߸ϣڳֻǿߣһĻһλܶ˶ѽϵһˡ
ɽۣ֮һʱ֮侲Ŀ¡
֮ǰԺ⻢֮ǵĻҼˣһҲţһʱѹĺܶ˴ѩ滤ˣ


812 
ӣӣͻ˹ڱ˻̹ǵ
ͻʸڤϻĴ½ɽ֮нֲҰܣǸʱѾѷ죬ԭΪΧɱʸڤжԳɹɱʸڤӶն֮ϵѷ졣
˭֪ŻʸڤǿƱѷ췴ԽԽ󣬳׻֮ģʱʦֺ⻢ǰɱһĻʸڤ־£ѾλҼ
ͻ˹ıƶͰ°Ϳս
ءƶ﷢һĵХ֮Ƴա
˲䣬ڰ֮дһ޳ȶɫħ֮Уֱ׵ľ޴Ӱɽ۸һһľ޴ѹǼ޴ӰԽԽѹԽԽԽԽ
ʨաǰֿĿʨʿ˾
Ҷһ̧ͷȥ
ֻ֮иĹȻһһ˫չʮ׵ľ޴ηޣʨӵצȴӥһͷ­ͳҰһβͣëɫ¹֮һͭɫ
ӥſһ̶ĺ·ѪҺͳɿɽ֮һɳʯǧʯСɳһһЩҼߺľδʨǰͱ޴ķɢ
˵֮гʨ߿Դﵽʮ޵ˮ׼֮ǰʸڤնɱĻ֮ս൱ǰ⼸ֻʨȴǾ˰ֿѱʦ˹ѱΪʿ˻˴󲿷ֵҰԣʵҲµ˲٣Լ߽ˮ׼ʵʥĸ֡
⼸ֻʨǳıȻҲܵɽۻʸڤǿֲ糱ǿϢвʼպɽ۱ǧ׵ľ룬ٸ
ߣƶһεض𣬷Ծʨտƽȵıϡ
ͻ˹۾һ編ƣҲͬķʽԾһֻʨյıϡ
ǿߣȫʢ֮ʱƿնȥֻһ֮䣬ʱԾ׶ֻܽʨ˵ǱֱǱīݡ
ౡ
ʨշһͺȣڳͷĿѣ޷׷ȻѸ𣬻Сڵ֮θߵ㹻ĸ߶ȣſԴݱܿɽ
ʸڤ֮裬ձر
֪ʵҲ˲ᣬúˣһν֣ҼƼ֮ʱʱʸڤͷ­ڽ֮˹ͣ
ʸڤ޷ǻɱ캮⻢³ҿͻ˹췢ģ
֮дǿߵĽв֮ƺҲ֪ʸڤ˲ᣬ޷׷ĲҰܶ˵һȴĳ裬ĴǿΧȻԷɱǹһĶӡ
ʨ߶ԽԽߣۿҪ뿪ʸڤվڵδжӷһʯԱߣڻڱͬû׷Ĵ㣬ǿߣҪ׷ȴδ
ۿŵĴЦ֮ݣʱͻ߾ߣһҼʲôط
һޱȲɵͻȻԶĻҼĹ֮д쳹ҹ֮УϢ𣬹Ĺ֮ͻȻӿֳһݵǿϢһɫɫҹ֮С
˶ȥʱĿķ֣ʲô⣬ľȻһͷͷɫľÿһͷͶʮ׳̣ƫƫɫۼףǳХ֮гѹٶȿ쵽˼飬ϣܿ׷ѾҪСڵһʨա
ŽɫųʨվȻû˿ĵֻֿ֮һ֧ʨȫڲҽ֮ķѣƬƬѪ͹ǿʬ֮е
֮д˼ӰѪ֮׹Ӱڿнά׹ٶȣббԶʵȻƶˣԶԶããҹɫĹʶ֮Уˮε˴һ㡣
⼸ˣվûܹȫ硣
ʱû̫ȥעˤããҹɫ֮еƶˣΪ˶Ĺ֮籡һͷͷͷˡ
ǹɻ󲻿Ŀֲÿһվɽ۵˴ԭأһЩʵ΢һ߸ֱڵء
ΨҶƣվ˲һֹĤݵıܡ
ȵ˷ӦʱһͷͷɫѾ˰߲߰Ľɫ㣬өһɢܿɢʧڵҹգһƮɢλãջޣǻ󲻿ɷȴޱȵغ˶֮С
ǻҼġԶ˵ૣ߽һ㡣
ҶоŤͷȥ˵ʮ֮λ뷢԰׵ߣݺ˫ӿεľȺ𺳣һ˿˿ηݼš


ڻҼ壬Ȼһѹˣ
⼸֣Ҷ𺳣ֱͬŭҪԶԶԽ֮ǰɫݺλó档
Ϊ˭֪֣ʲô˭
һ񻰣һ˵ǡλ棬ߴڰ
Ҽ嵽ʲôڹĹ֮أȻӻ
ʲô
ղһûĽɫ̺ƥϺͰԵ˵ĸоǱ֮ĻʸڤԵֵ
뵽˶̲סҪź˻һ
ۣ
ڼ˶ڻҼĹĹ֮еʱͻͻȻһѪɽҶ˳ԴȥʱȫѪҺҪˣֻԶһֱŵĻʸڤֱͻȻʼҡΡ
һͷѪȪһ˳ͬʱӿѪĻǱƶ͵Ϯ֮µĴĿĵ˿ڡ
壡Ҷس˹ȥʸڤµα˻С
ʱĻʸڤѾΪһѪˡ
ҶȻ֣ʸڤȫÿһëƺڳӿѪ˼عѪ⼸޴ѹֵ֢֮״ҶٵԺ֮жʱһƬհףԻʸڤҪԶԶ̫ࡣ
ˣ
ʸڤˣˣ
ڶҼһ˭Ҳû뵽ղŴɱķնѩ滤񺮹⻢ɱƶ°Ϳ˺Ϳͻ˹ǿ󱼹ǱĻʸڤԭѾôصƣʱҪ
ʱ
ಣ
Ӱأ治֪ʮˣһɫĳۣɫݣʸڤΧΪһ˼Ϊᣬòͨ㲻Ӣһ˫Ŀͽü൱Ϭĸо֮һֹ°ʡ
λֹ˵Ļֱۣܿһߡ
ҼȻĻʸڤƣȴԹԵվԶ
Ϊÿ˶ӷ֮п˳ǰЩɽˣ仰˵пʸڤµӣˣݿ󲻷
Щ˽˵ΧΨ©Ҷɫ֮ҶǼΪ磬ĬؽʸڤҶм䣬ס˵Ŀ⣬ԼԼ֮Ϣˡ
Σһ̫ãֻϦ
ӵĺӷ㣬½֮еƣ§סλɫŮħһ˱ʧɽ֮ϡ
ӷǽ֮սǿΨһһȫʵˣȻȥ
ҶرŻʸڤλԺյĻϢһһεȥҶܹоǿǿǴҴˮһţһַǳ²̵ĸо
ҶӹƬռ֮ٻҩ˻ʸڤ֮ȫ
ʱĻʸڤѾ쳣޷ֹҶж
ǣЧޱȵĵҩЧûҶԤ֮еôá
ǿߵǿһƿҩȻܳƻʸڤƣҲֹѪȻ֣ƿҩƺȫûЧҶܹܵʸڤһһεš
ȿȿȡҪ˷ôҩˣҵˡƾǡǱҲκˡʸڤ˼Ѫҡͷҵһ߷СһİɣˣҵıҲӻġ
ʸڤ˵һҶһƬհ׵ʵ
ǿޱȵĻʸڤȻֻһ
ǻʸڤıֵжǿʲôط
ҶҲܿͷ˻ʸڤܹ֮Ͼ֮ͻȻһٻĴǿߵԭһöɫҩԵʡ
ȼĽ
Ҷд󱯡
ֻǻʸڤһҲһ
Ҷٽ˲ꡭ
һ뵽ҶбǴ
һ̣Уһֹעĸо
ԴΪһΣԭΪŸָֽһжԼ֮Уʵڴ֮ǰȷˣκѶɻ⣬Ǵαһ׷ɱΣȴҲǾϧһΡ
ҶػԼӵеһС
ƺûκһֶ׹ǵЧ
ʱʸڤƺǽ˻عⷵյ״̬ͻȻ֮˿ҲٳѪ˫ֳŵһϷһ˿Ц⣬ƺ뵽˾Զ֮ʲôõĶ΢΢̧ͷҹĻ֮ķǣ૵ƣһ塭
壬ˡҶƣڻǴ˻ʸڤ廳һ
ʸڤͷҶϵЦⲻ䣬и̺һ˿жصһɣȼ֮ʵҲߣӦ֪ʹ˻ʲôɣ
Ҷдͷ
߷ʹѾˡʸڤվҡΣȴɱֱͬǹһ㣬һһԶȥʾҶ֪кܶʣѾûʱȥˡ
а취κƣҡҶ󼱣ʱҶٻƽǸģڻʸڤǰҶһ޴Сӡ
ˣ㽫ҵʬĹ֮оˣ뿪֮ǰԷϻҼļ֮λڿûʱˣҲСģ¼֮˶Ļع飬ôĻӭȥú׼һ£ҼļӦþͻṩμˣǸĻԵܴˣԺ߶ã͵ÿ컯ˡ
ʸڤЦҶһۣͻȻϽټ˵⻰֮ȫͻȻȼ󣬾ֻʣһСѻҽ
Ҷ㵵һСѹǻң֪Լֻ»СԼ塭
СƵĻʸڤֻ˶Сʸڤ
һֱʸڤӰȫڻʧӴ֮ͻȻ֮ǰλ˵һ仰Ӵ֮Ҫ߷ĹǻĹĹ֮У
仰ⲻһʱ䣬ҶҲûȫ⡣
ȻʸڤҪԼĹǻĹ֮УԼհˣȫûôࡣ


813 ǳ
Ҷɽסһҹڶһ죬ʮĵֵܣŻʸڤĹǻңֱʮ֮һĻʸ塣
һʱ䣬Ҷ˸·У˲ȥˡ
ϲŸϵʸ屾ǳǵҶ˱̽ʻʸֿ֪ڻʸ֪֪ʸڤ飬ǲ֪Ļ¾׵Ķˡ
ɵ㲵ɫЩҹϣǳԲˣھȻѾһ˵ɡ
һΪپӵľ¥ǰʱһչʱ磬پȴѵƻţҶʮֵһͬ˹ȥ
پӺųǳǵһջǴߣÿһҪ波ʳٺ٣ǽҲȥɣҶһ˵ţһ΢Цؿˡ
ðǸϿȥɣʱֻһ껶һϲ͡
仰δ꣬һͻȻǰһǰ񣡡
Ц֪Ҫ񡢾ˣ⹷ģѵͲܶ˵һ֡
δ˵꣬ͻȻһ˹ǿѸδһɺüޡ
һͷȥߴȴɿޱȣѸǰǱһӣ깥һк󣬲Ȼ
ڵŭûֶˣЩǱ룬⹷
ͻ߳ĵסڣֲǲ֪ƢƫҪҴ򡣡
ЦֻǸģִŰڤ磬Ű֡
ڤľȻҲֱҶǰһʧ˵һ֣ҶҲ֪˵ʧ񡱣΢Цĵ˵ͷʾԼ֪⡣
ҶѵͷȴڤͻȻһƣֱļͷƣֻƷ
Ȼһƴֱɳȥ顱ײǽϡ˲վǰʯǽײüѿȴˣŭû򣿡һӣ֡
Ʈϣм䣬ڤַôһۣڤҲڵļһʱ㬱˿ڡ
һĻҶаЦĿеܸ߰ĿЩһۣһپӡǰ
ֻǰһҶһΪ֮Ϊ̾
ջȻΪǳǵһջǰԷĵطռͺܿ˵Ҳݵǧˡ
ˣǰΪ㣬һ㣬ǸԤģֻҪǴ壬Ǽֵпߡ
ڶһʲƵ׼ģͨ˵ĵطӣˣӶðߣԵ÷ǳ֡
ãʲôΪôһ˹һ߳Ҷ˵ţһ۽ǵվһꡣ
ҶǾڶɣˣһЩõĲɫֵǳ
ֻҶֵЦ˵ǰֵ˵һ̰Եˣ
ȴ˵ǶǸɱ˲գļһǶʲôԺȣǲܿڵģ
Ҷﲻ˼лЩԹһｫѵһֻɱ¾Ļˡ
Ҳ˵ƣЩſĻһ㡣
Ҷ˵Ĵ£һλʮҲΰţֻڶȴģߣдЩµĹүү
һʮ˵λǿһȴĵطǮס˴롣
ȥҶһܣֻ⾰ɫЦλʵںüˣ˵ҶǵǮڻʳϿǣûˣԸ֪Ҷ岢һĵˡ
ƲƲ֪˵ĻʳǴ˻ʳֻ˵һ߷Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪһ߷ĹŻĹ֮УֻӣɲΥ
ҶеһЦֻ˵һ䣬ȴ˵ʮ䣬ٺ٣ԶԶ˶һӣǰһһĽһļȣڷϣʻʲôԸ
ҶæصͷԶܵε˵ٽ㣬ȥա
͹ȥ
ҶϰŵĲм̶磬һཱུļȣԽͻȻ˵ҿԣ⼦⵱治һæһ˵ţһ߳Ųˡ
˳ֵģ˴ܡűǼžž죬֣˭ıӵڡǳǡ£ǻʸıڡ
ҪϷĳȴͣϢˡ
Ƶ¥Ӷ¥ֻ۾һɨһģĴ̵ģЩСǲۣүү·Ҳҵǲǻòͷˡ
һȴһϹһֻ۾Ĵ󺺣ͷһѴ󵶣Щ׶ԣҲģ˰ҲһҿĵطòײſʲôپӡĵطţӶ˰죬ЩС¡
˲ɲĻһڣʱüͷ壬˵λʲôˣĹض֪ô
ʲôأ˭ģôӶģϹľƼңʲôصģѵһ˾Ͳϵ𣿡
һ֣Ӵ㻹֪㲻һˣʧʧ
̵ģĹҪȺ棬Ҵӽ㿪
һЦţҺѽҾǲأ
ˣǴղ汻סȥ·ӦҲЩȻҲԲ˼˲ֵľϵö¥
ֻ۾ȺѰɾǲ֪Ǹǵһλıס
ҪùˣҶǵڻ㲻ҪԸɵ̾Ϣһ
Ƕ˼ʼռû˳һЦҸλһ
ȻһһЦ洫˽ʲôҲ£ʲôҲ֪ô񣬻
ŻӰڿԾ϶¥˵൱ֻһƮʹһ¥ƮǴʥĸ֣
壬ˣղȺ䳰ȷڼ˺æȺ˳ϲ¶΢Цһʲô¶ܰƽ
ôϸĴ˴Ⱥܳһۣɫ΢΢һ䣬
Ҷɫе㲻Ե֪˭𣿡
ţĶӣɽݷùˣ۵ļһҪԿͷˡҶ˵
Ҷʡ
ǰ̤ǰһλһһƬ˰ˣɫӶڴ˵µΪջˣɫġ
Բʶˣ֪Ǻηʥ
Ƕ˽ߴ½Ҳʮ߰˸꣬ҲһᱻİŵϹһֻ۾Ĵ˫üһչʲôˣ𣿡
һһɭޱȵĺڰ֮ΪѸٵţΧԲ֮ڣ¿ջζ΢΢Ĳţɳɳƺǵ
ڡ˵ͻȻʵƻõӰһšڰ֮ȻŷһɫĹâӰһּ
ڰ̼֮ȻŷϹһֻ۾Ĵȫڡ
ڰ֮
ͨ
ûκԤ׵ģϹһֻ۾ĴϢĵȥ·һ˲һ߸ʬ
ջڴǴĴջǴ󺺽Ϲһֻ۾Ĵ󺺱ڻУȫˣˮϴ׳沿ⲻϵľš
ҶһȻѾ˸Ӧúû뵽̶ȣϹһֻ۾Ĵ󺺵˻ҪʹʮϸһҲԣðô꣬һδεս
ǴͻȻŭֱ͸ž޴Ľк巢˱仯ͽ׳ļȻͣ·ɫ˫۱Ѫ죬ΣյϢϴ
ħ䡭ҶȻľʥѧԺеһҳͼֽϿͼʩչħ龰󺺵龰һ
ɭǴ󺺵˵飬ŭǰˣغɱֵܣҪճһֻȻŨҵɫȻײĶӵš
Ķɫ˲ŵĲҰףΣ֮˫ǿǰǰҲɫ䣬һҪӲһȭǴ󺺳ȭͷ
䡱С
Ӱͬʱ׷ɡ
Ǵȭ̺ʵ̫󣬼ʹǰȫʩΪȻķ˳ȥ
ڰ˵ĸ£Ǵ󺺵ȭͷȻĶӵ˫֣ţĶӵͬ׷ɶڿһѪ
ǰ˵ļʱֹȻǴ󺺷ȭͷ£ʹȻܵش
Ȼɣȴûˣ˲ͻصԭأԱʹ຿еĶһۣüԱߵµߣŶӣ
ȴҲûпڵϵĴһۣȷʵʩչħ䡭ѾûлϣҲûҪˣ
Ҷջ˽˵ʬ塱̧ߺ󣬿ջָֻƽпʼԺȣһЩ̸ҵ磬Ҷˣа̾ϢȻݽ棬עǿʳ
ڤǰ»쵰ᡣ
ڤȷ
ڤǲ硭
Ҫˣ
ڤѵô
ɱˣʲô£ҳԱˣ߰ɣ龰üȻѾûʳ
ǽҪסһϣҶҲüתָֻ˹΢Ц
ҶйҪˣʵλǲҪڴ˵شһ
Ҷʲô𣿣
Цǿջһأһһ𽻰ɣǵ˷ϵġ
Ҷ¥һ·ֱס޵Ժȥ
صԺ䣬ݣҶϢ˵ԼһҪȥ顣


814 Ϲܼ
ҹԲһöСС
ɵƶͬˣһܵǰ棬һֽ󣬺ܶʱƤסòա
ҶͻȻӴһԾϣӳһ
Ĵ򿪴䵽£˫һأǷݶһǳɣ׼ԶһƬӰչǰƮ˹ȥ
֪ǰͻȻӰһڤ羹ǰ
Ҷ˫ü΢壬Ϊʲô
ڤȻϲ˵˵Ҳ֣Ҷı飬ڲò˵ˣػȫ
Ҷˣ
ڤһ˵֣Ѿ˵ô࣬ҲϿڣֻǵҶǰҶһһҶҿһҵһ
Ҷ΢΢һЦӲ֪ôһѵڤ󣬵ȵڤ׷ȥҶѵʮɿ⣬ڤ纬Ц֡
ڤ֪Ҳ׷ţͻȻ𳤽Լͷֱ£Ҷȥ˻δһѷڤֻһƫǽ绮һڣ׹ǡ
Ҷ־棬ʲô
ڤ紴Ѫ˳żͷ£ɫȴ˿䣬δһüͷֻ˵ߣ
Ҷһҡͷһ̾Ҳߣ㲻һᣬֵǻ쵰ҽ
ٺ٣ýˣ磬ˣЦĴһӰ˳Զкɲܹң˭һȥˣ
Ҷ޿κεؿЦһԳˣֻȥʸ̽˶˷ã
һ˲ЦݣȥɣתͲ˾¥Уһ䵭Ʈ֮ʱûҾֵٻµʮ̫ɱʸ壡
ҶĿڤʧһüͷ֪˵ĳһĵ޿κεؿ̾һѡ˷ʸǱȥ
¥һ·ǳ˳ƾɵɿĳŻʸ巽ӽţ˿̼ĿȥѿǻʸׯԺʵӰ
ׯԺڱĻǺǧܰֺ꣬ߴŻ겻գǰѩӡݺᣬֵϺһ徻ѡʱǽֵϵ̶Ѿرյʱ
תһֵۿ׾ͽִеĿĵˣʱһʿȴôӻʸŻת˹
ôôɣ
ʿǼĺôôΧˣؽֵϲûʲôڱҶķӦɿ졣
а׹һƿ˿Ȼֱ̽ӲԱһݵطڡ
ٶ˷ܣϢԼеϢȫ
¶ȶͬصزЩǿרŻʿǰɲʲô
ʿǰеĹоȻܹһ˿죬ҶڷûȥǣΪ֪ߵʵﵽһ̶֮󣬼ʹĿҲǵע⡣
ԣʱֻƾžϢоЩʿڵλá
ֱʿӽֵһתҶȷΧûκϢ֮Ŵӷأ򵥵ع۲һܣŽֵһǰС
ΧԺ֮ڣҶǰһСɭ֣ľɽϣЩľʸڤĸ룬˵˹ĵ·⣬ߣ俴ƿԸӰָ߶
벻ӻʲô٣ǸˣתðգȻʯʱݸߡ
Ҷӻһžɵ÷Ƶİֽһԭŵͼ
ŵͼһ뻭ǻʸ˹ɭֵشҲǻʸڤر룬߶ĵط
ͼϺܶɰߣԱСעҶǰΪʲôֻ֪ŵͼ·ߣеʲôΣգʱһ꣬ʱΪλʸڤرԼԭһƬƬУвΣյĻءɱ
껭ߵĵطͳ˿ҶǰƬ˹ɭ֣Ҷ룺ֻҪ߹Ƭ֣ڼԱľס֮ˣ
óͼ¹ٿһ飬Сĵ̤ԼǰƬ֣ɭڲȥЩľ˹þɵͼϵע֪Щľǧã
ֿڹʮ·ֻһ·ʮ·Ҷӵڰֿˡ
ߵڰ˲ǰֳַ·Ҷмֵ߽ȥ˵нɵͼϵ˵˺ʮ˸ɱһСıɥ
ǰ֪ЩʱȻֵ֪ΣգҶҲе
ǰܲĸ֣¹սҪҶϰ˺ڰˣʱɭɭϣҲǧƪһɣ͸е΢΢Ρ
Ŀֻܿʮ룬ʶƬҲܵѹƣǰľ˺ʮһлĬһȴ֪ʮһ㷨ԻʸڤĲģ֮䣬ȻһЩϸ΢
һ㣬̤ʮнƣʱľ΢졣
һԣȫֱϰ϶ɸߣֻ£խխֵ䣬ֻϣŵ顣
ֻһž綾ҶʥֻҪһҲöС
շԴҶϸϵıȫľҲ֮ήˣգա⣡̫ˣֻҪһЩ䵽ü廤֣ڣ
ʱͷȥƻҶһ˷ˣҺԼûˣоЩ廤ҲСߣܱҲż
ټǰȡͼʮ··ɱͨ⣬Щʱ䣬Բ׷ǼЩ֪ȴ֪ķһʱ֮䣬ð
ǲҼǰ֪Щȡͼͼ׷ѱ޷ˣǣյͼʾǷ·Ѹܳ
˵ʸڤסĵطȻԶҶƹɽأʸڤסĵطԽǽʾӣҶԽ鵨ӣǰųԤıʡ
ϸɳҹ˿˿⣬Ϥ
ҶĿȥƽԥ֮⡣
߲ʱСȻ䣬Ҷӿ죬紧һֻСã˫ӣû߽һϸŹֵ
Ҷö죬ҪӦȴˣɼ䣬е
Ҷ棬ǰңҹ֮£Լ֮ǰһ׷Сϣͣɫ
һֻëĵģ̲߽ǺЦ˵ٽ
ֽе
֣мʳˣδʳֽеһǰʯ֮ʳ̾˿˵ˣˡ
ļģ̾ٽҲûôţǺӣǺҲˡ˵ɤӷ£۽ࡣ
ֻ̾ҰүѪסǺһСûһӣԾ˿࣬ˣû³أء
˵ȥ۽ǣȫĸΣ֪˼䱯ϲǲסڽšֻ˻ϲٴʳ
̳ճǿգ˥Ҷɪɪ
ҶӰȻ䣬ɤһ죬е壬һˣ˲˭صĴܼңҲҹΪڻҶߣӶʸץסˡ
̻𣬲ΡΡͷۻʹۡ
Ҷ壬㲻ϵˣҰ
겻صϹܼѾ뷢ףƲΪȥʮ겻ֹҲҪˣէҶŴ죬ʱ̶֣ʮԻ漴һŭǰ濪ָҿҶ͡
Ҷסʸƣֿ˿Ҷſ˫ۣ§סЦģǻģūΡЦЦţǼһᣬݺᣬʿ
Ҷ޴룬ʸֹЦȭͷºݵģҶһʸΪһΪȥܷ˿ˣȭͷҲʹ̡
ǾһŲϲøСӣʵˡ
СΪϹܼҽٺط꣬ҶҲϲ˵ֻ캩Ц
ʸһۣ̲סСӣ˳ˣ۶ûôͷɵԵġ࣬˱٣˴ϲ󱯣Ц䣬ᣬϢ
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ʸ紭ϢкСӣ
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Ҷ׷ʮǸΣ㽫Щ귢黯Ϊ˵һ飬ֻЩһʱҲ˵Թû̸һЩ֮Ҳʡԡ
ˣλ˼ҲŭģֱʸڤǸ˱Ψһֶӣһ뵽Լø˷֮壬;Լ֮棬ţãЦأͺãͺã
ҶԼߺ󣬼ôΡ
ϹܼҵҲûʲô˵£ǷūΪūԺ֮УȻһҲܿʲôҲܣ˾˯˾ͳԣʱгͶ˵Ҳǲأ
ЩʸȻ˵ɣǺ⣬Ҷȴ֪ӣǸҲģʸ罫ȫ˵꣬ҶҲ
ҶͻȻ壬Ͼ;ȥ
ʸЦҡҡͷˣˣ㻹ǸϽ߰ɣҪô֪㻹ţͲˣūֻҪ֪ž㹻ˣùū
㣿ҶǾŻʸ磡
֪ʸȻȻһЦˣһΪūǸӣԸߣȴĲߣϲǲǣ
Ҷǡû˵Ŀ
ȴʸ绺վѲЦ飬Ҷֵ֪ˡ
ҶĴ˹ȥʸ糯ԼһָҶȥȴһɫĴԵص״ףִصס
ҶվԶʱûп˿һԼ׷·Ҳģȴ֣ʲô֣ʸ粻ԼôϸϸһҲŪϡ
һΪʲôҲŪӣʸЦԿ֪ˡ
ҶҲʵĸץסǸӣ˹һǸӷǽ֪ʲôģҶɹȴҲȴյʹ
һǷͬСɣ֪ɹ˫˿̾һӴϼٱľҲܳϣ˿ӲȻ󾪡
ʸȴЦ֪ԭ˰ɣ


815 
Ҷ˵ͷȴЦʲôӣ˿ŪϣҶȴţϻûŪϵĶⲻΪΪжߡ
Ϊ˫׷ѵ׷ҲϵĶô
𰸿϶Ƿ񶨵ģ
콣ҶһЦ
Ҷģֿ˿е콣ʸɴ۾ҶѹѯʵеǷʲôģ
ҶһЦڵף
ףʸһѵ׵ķ
ԼʲôĻԵȻ컯
彫ֱҶֳ콣ѽƵǹӣ
ʸȻɻҶ콣ʵԣɷǳʵ˽š
ҶڵĴӣе콣ֱӻ
һ
콣ͬҶһƮȻںɫ֮ϣֻáۡһ
ǸӾֱѿ˺üѺۣѺֱҵԵλá
ʸֻ˫΢΢һʵͶϿĴֱӷֳ룬ȻǺͿģԴҶ֮Ҷһ£ʹԻˡ
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ʸ绶ϲΣǽŲ֮Ҳɫһ
ҶƼʵô
ʸˣˣ߰ɣùΪūˣ
ҶЦЦЩ˻ڶУ˵Ҷһӣʸæߣʱץ˿ʯӣ˹ȥԼŻʸȴұ߷Ӷ
΢һ䣬Ŀתֻһ֦ҶŨܣǾĲ֮أٲɣһԾϡ
ȵЩѰȥԶԾһ·λ˼Ϊ˾Լһ꣬˿ΣҶҲҪʸȳຣܰꡣ
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˿֮УǻءɱܲУҲǲֻð£רѰѼ֮ȥѣɽ·ԣ˾Ҹ·ӡٲɣתɽ·ȥ
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Ҷ˿а⡣
˻ʸ壬»ʸ磬˴о¥ȥ
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ҶĬĬţϲ촦˴Цݴ̾·һ壬̬ģҲ޼
ʸ˵һ󣬺ˣ˳ϢˣҲǷ֮ˣҲˣǰūܵ˼㲻ϣƾı죬ŻҲ԰أ
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ѵҶһʱһʱ۷ڣҲ޿κΰ壬ͱˣţ
ʸ籾ȢǼ£ҶͳɺƣϸϸȥҶɫҵĿɢ·Ƕϡ
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ȴ֪ЩУͽһӣֻƣŽӺꡣ
£Ҷӻʸڤе֪ģҲʱ֪ԼȻһĹԼδޡ
ʱʸܲҶˡҲ޿֮£Ҫڻʸڤûʧǰ¿ܻתȴֻܿԼȥȡˣ
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쵱ǰп˳
УҶЦЦָŻʸ壬ҪҶһ˼ң
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ٺ٣ū޷ֻҪ˹ľͳˣʸ̰ĿҶһۣҲ΢Цȥˣ
棬ۼ˶ԶȥסҶʵôλ˼ҽӳģ
˵ֻԺ˵ˣҶüϢһҹֵǻүӳǣڳǽң
̲סʣǴˣ
Ҷ̾˿һҪʸһΣ
ҪĹ˵ĹǻУ
Ҷȴû˵ˣֻƿӣа̾ĹǻĹֻһԭ򣬴˴ټĺģҪΪʲôҪѡԼ͸һֱһᣬ˴ĹأһҪŪȥ򡭡һ뵽Ҷңһţݸߺ㰴д£
ϸʣҶʧ֪ٶ˵ʲôЦЦԵҲ͵Ϣɣˣ
ߺҶع̾Ϣһᣬһչֶڰ֮С
˭Ҳ֪̾Ϣʲô
Ҷðսʸ壬ĴǻƣҺǰˣһ·رܻʸĶĿ͵͵ƹƬӣյͼȷָʾܿߵһʱ֮
ʱԽ侲ϴʱȽִæ֮ɫڰױʶ·;ɫսڡ
һȣ㷢һεĴ˲ӵĿȵһƴϵδ²ãʸЩһæ׷ԼΪҹϲٸҴˡ
СһһͨǰĽƣһ꣬ǰֳַֻ֪еͨ㵽ʸصĽءĹˡ
аʱ󣬾ͿһѰ׹ǣǰּһѣǰ׹ǵҲ֪Ŷ˵ʬ塣
ʬһĹȿڣҶ̧ͷɽһ˸ߴļ֣Ĺڡȡ
Ҷһȣȡֻ룬֮ܳˣһɣҲ⣬ȥн޳ľأҲҪһġ
ΪĺģΪ˾ɻʸڤԸӿ˲ӣԽԽˡ
ϴԼڻ̬֮ñͽĹصģⲻҲͷһ
Ĺȵ߰ɭ̹ǡ
ۿֻҪһ·;ѳȣͻͷЦСЩߣĪҪˣ
Ҷͷһӣಡǰܳ
ֻͷϷ춯ӰԾ£һǰһ󣬵סȥ·
Ҷ콣᳤ֺΡȻֻЦѣδڣҶȴȻ̾˿üˣԭǴˣ̾У·ǺȻһϢһ
ǻڰδ̲סʣʲôܺô
Ҷֳ̾˿Ǳ壬ǿѰ˼ңԴ˿̲ţǲۣûнҿһˣǳָʾóİɡ
ôߣǵȻǵúú̸̸ϵͻȻ˵ŭ⣬ûôӹͻȻͣСӸ£
ǣˣȻһɬƵɤӵĴԶһ磬ż鳤ۣϸ͵ͷǱ紵ģ䵽Ʈҡ
۾ҲǲұɫģգҲգضҶЦԼ֣Ҫҳ֣
֣ҶĿԼǰ˲ˣļһͻȻһЦСӣֻܹ˶ˣ
ߣ
һͺһ
ƾֱӳҶȥһɿֲ˷ѹҶ
Ҷ͸оһɽԼһûκξţӦ֪ʥǿܳſصƣϼһƾͻסҶǿǰŪˡ
սپɣҶ֪ﲻܾɲǣסˣһ콣֣
ʱһֲֿҶͳڿ֦ܿҶص˵⻹ҶԴӵ׷󣬵һӦˡ
ô£̧ͷҶϿȥ
ɾһ˲䣬ֻһɫľ޽˲Ұֵǣɫ޽ȻΧĿռѹռȫˣ
Ҫغȴ޷ʹҲ͸ؿռйȥ
۾ɵùԲɫԪֱ֮ӳ޽ȥ

޽̵͵Ƶʱ򣬹;͸оԼĻ޾رڵĺˮ޷ѹһ㡣
ۣơֱΪࡢͷ
콣ֱĻڹ͵ţ͸еһ𣬷·ʲôѵһҺʲô֪ˡ
ת˲һʥǿ߱


816 Ĺ
ҲԳ˰ɣҵļˣҶƮ˻ΪһỊ̃һɱ˹֮˲ͳ˴ϵǰ
겻ʱдѮް߰ףֻ۾ȴ
ôڰУҶЦעĿĴƶƺѰʲôĴϣͻȻЦ
𾪵ؿҶ˰Σվ̾㣬ǵǸû뵽ľȻûû뵽ƿĹϧϧˣ㾹ȻѾȻܳˣͲӦٻԴҵĵˣֻһ֡
Ǻǣʽ˭˭˵ɣҶеĳƫͷͻȻĿŴϣһһٵ֪ϲԭñү˶ٿͷ
ҶһͻȻһֳֻ̯ץϵĲӣҶѿϲȻΪʸ츳ȴǲһͿ껪ѰˣΪҲ𾳽硣
ҪȻҲʸڤѹţ˿ûо⣬ͷϾͷϣˣ
Ա֣浱Ǹ𣿡Ƿŭһ˦Ʈȥ
ΪӵôҶֱ׷ϣɾʱϸղվĵطͻȻһɫȻһҶڡ
УҶһ⣬ڵȻңܿƵ߾ȥԼļвҲ֮ƽ⡣
һֻץҶĲӣдһŮӽڵĺȴ쳣ֲҶԼ㵨ǲС
꣡âĽ
һɫһͻȻֵŮֵ·飬ȴҶִټɫߵػ⽿ŮѲ֮䣬ѳŹһ֡
Ҷҽһ㣬Ѽ󵹷ɶȥ
ͻȻֵĽŮӣҶмȸе죬Ϊɵոյһɲǣֻһңһ֪ˡ
⵽ʲôôͻȻֵģ˵һξ룬ģȻҴܣ̫ˣҶͷתٴϵ⣬ҪΪĺģǸϽ뿪ĺá
ҵĹԼ֪̫ˣҶȻչ˫ۣʱһɰ糱ˮڱųһԾһֻ㣬ϣһֱϣֱûڰ֮С
ۼҶߣȴͫ͵ͻȻӰΪβˣ
ͻȻֵŮӵ˴һۣſڵҵְֻǻסμİȫΪɱˣһ꣬˿֮С
ŭĿŮһۣͻȻתͷڼţһͬɱ棡ϣȳ֣һȭĺɫֶڼȥҶȥ
ʱոϵʮλҲͬʱ֣ǿľͬʱ֣¡¡ƿڶһɫҶԾĿռȫ
¶һĨ΢ЦȻ޷׽㣬ֻҪײռĹأĿܣɣ
ҶǷĿռԾȥȴһƬۼһѷҶһݣƻʵһ֣е콣΢һӡ
䡣
أҲ㣬вʯ۴ͷ׷£μ˲ϢѾһƿնȥˡ
Ҷһϻǰ䣬Ϊĵң֮ʯľ׷ըѣԱȿʼٶȣسһͨ
ڻһ·Уκٶȸ޷ҶȣۿžԽԽԶȻ֮䣬ǰҶͣ
ڻ䲻֪Ǻιʣпϲȴǹ˲ô࣬ϣеȻֶź¡¡ǰĴ󷲡
ҶڻͻȻ¶һаЦݣȻף콣һغصĻϷ֮ϡ
ʯɣһҶɽǰһ޴ĶڻȻͨķУ׵磬ȴǶڴ¡
ٿĹػɱȱڣϾֵĴһ󿴵һĻĿиļһааЦݣǱĺڰ֮ȥˡ
ͻȻصһٴǱ俪ȱѸٵĺ£Ҳƿĺۼ
ңң֮УҶ޵Ĵϲһģٺ١
쵰СѵܴôϿŽڵĴ󶴣ҧгݵӰȥ֪ͨ棬˵˽Ĺأ
֪ˣ΢Ĳһ£ˡ
ɵĿռ֮УҶͷԼɻ۶ɵпնصĴһøղԼ飬ڸս֮ʱ㸽󣬲ȻڿѾռ䷴³ȥ˰ɣ
Ĺ棬ͨͨ˴ȻŵͼڶݵߣԷֱÿһ·Ҳʧ
ǣһһȴͨã󲽶УȲǺܿ죬;ȴͣ
ҶȻһΪһһ飬ȻĸӦ
èҶĵͼüͷţһ˫۾Ȼ˵ͼ֮ϣƺг
ΨԼ֪Լͱһͷˣ޷ĵͼҵԼ˿ķλڣԿƴһϸʵҶСӣһǰô
ҶûҡҡͷһƳģԵ֮𣬾һֱң
èɫ΢΢ףҶСӣΪֹһһεͼҲûп
Ҷ棬ʵкβô
èЦĹĵηޱȣͨǧǧûеͼû˿ԼסһһﲻǴǵϹתɡ
Ҷ΢΢һ˰ΣЦͷİɣһΪ飬ĸӦ
һ㣬Ҷżġ
èŰɵĸţȻûã˵ǰһȻһ˶Ŀտ֮ء
ϸһ֪ԭĵطȻһ޴ɽ
ɽϷ൹ŵʯͷЩʯͷ״Բͬǧٹ֣ʤ
ǣЩʯͷһص㣬Ǿÿһʯͷ֮϶ɢŵĹâ
ȩ̀ͷ˰Σڵʯԭıʯ
Ҷ̧ͷţҲΪͷϵƬɫ̾èʯʲô
һֺĿʯܹ֮Уͻй֮
Ҷ΢ż΢΢ѾһԾû˿ƵģƮƮķ˰աʮ֮ߵĶϡ
ɽ൱ĹʯҶѡƬ̣һСʯһ¡
ʯʱжѣ
Ҷʯֱ£ڼ֮ʱһ٣ʱʯɵϡ
èȻҶСӣʯȻŹ֮ûӦĹϣôý΢΢Ǽ˷֮УҲòʧġ
ҶһЦлָ㣬һȡһЩġ
è΢΢ҡͷֻҪҶⷬģ֪һûнԼĻϡ
ҪȰ䣬תһ룬һĹʯô
Ȼô˷һ㣬Ҳʲôˡ
ֻǣһ֮ʱĵ·èͷ綷
治֪ҶΪʲôҪһ·
飬ͬ֩ԹҪ߳ȥ
ҶȡĹʯС۳̣һվͲˡ
Ҷ׵ĽŪһˣҪ֮䣬ȴҲҪһء
ǰУ֮˶֣ǵƺǶһ㱡
һͬǣȻһ˿ɫâ
ҶèһۣǶͣ
֪ʲô̺ž綾ĻǼȻ壬Ҳⲻһ鷳
Ŀ⳯Źȥһһ˫۾һգһգģȻ˻һſӳǰȥ
Ҷд󾪣һ׷ȥ
èһǲҵǰУŹŵıӰոڿӺ
ǸովȡΧѾŨ˷ָˡ
ǣ˾첻ǣž֮УʼԾš
ӣ·ĳޱȸ˵¡
ҶèѾס˺µë׶رˡ
Ȼ˹ŵı֮ǶʱףԲʲôĶˡ
Թŵǻۣζбֵ˻졣
èķſķƽУĿɫϵĴԺлйɫĴ˵
ҶǱֵĸӿţһſȫķĸ
Ƭ֮Ҷ¶˼ȵľ֮ɫèЩйŹ֡
èѾһ˿ͷʵкιŹ֣
ЩƺŶЧܹڲԾƽ
è͵һȻ̧ͷҲѧҶӣȫſĸӦЩİء
ģèɫ𽥵չˣԭеȫ׿
üˣⶫèصĵ
Ҷ棬㷢ʲôˣ
è˫Ŀ֮⣬ҶСӣ˵ʥĴ˵


817
Ҷ΢Ƭ̣һżм˵ڻ磬ܹУڼôͻƱмĺôǺպȴڴ˵е
˫üͻһè˵ʥ
èЦǴ˵еʥ˵һ飬ЩãʲôͻƱϼޣѵĲƷԹ̵
ҶһӣΧĸоɵȻһЦ
Щ̺Ȼȱ˼
ȥѡϣֱǿЦˡ
èЦݣͻصҶСӣҲǰˣһҲǰˣǵĻԵ
Ҷ΢ʱ˼
èһйţ֮ΪߵȵĴڣ̵ܹʥķˣǲŽǲ
һ£ҶҲãĹҲǳϤûʲô󰭵ġ
˵Ҷֽһ˹ϸ˼䣬öһ뿪
ҶӰʧ֮èŹһʥȻܹȹ̵һĳ̶ӦҲܹо֮ͺǿ󣬱Ҫȫ֮󣬲ܼգȻǲд谭ǵĽ
һԴĵһͷ
è¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻѾ֪ˣǾͿʼɣȻǶǷǳ߶˵飬ʱҲҪСġ
һèһʬһףȫƺѾȴ˱˴֮ĴڣʯͷƬ֮ȫʱĴڡ
뿪һƬ֮أҶһۣһĺܲȻҵһõطܹʡȥ֮
һɽҶʼ̧ͷΧĻ
һһ޼ʵľ޴ƽԭƽԭ֮ϣž޴ĿӶӿӶֱǱ޴жɵġ
ƽԭУű¸ʴĽߣʽģ뾫ףйŹֵؼ죬ɢ䣬Щµʴ£ԵʧȥǱЧã
ʮӰĿĵƽԭ֮ƮţҶϸʮӰӦһ飬һҶΣ
ֻǴĹһطҶȴǲ֪ˣǰûֻĹʵ̫ˣǰǸʱ䣬ҲûǸ
Ƭİĵտ˼ۺ󣬲һЦóèǰĹָϣǰʹ÷һĹָǰҵҡƬָ֮ķ
ָʾ·꣬ƽԭҲԽԽŨһɹʴıϢҲڻ֮УҶ
ҶһĳĺϲУ˿֣֮ʹ΢΢ʧ񣬺Ҷ䣬˦˦Դָ⣬ǹɹĻɫ忹⡣
ĹռȻ졭ȻϢܶʴԼǰĹصʶȣ̫ǳˡһ̾Ҷ񣬾ʶҲ鲼ɲϣûĺʱ﷭˴
ƽԭ֮ϻɫ壬ƺʶ֮ܽ͸Ǳܹ۲ǧڵǿʶ˴˴ȴֻʮ׵ľǻ
ҺҶ۾ϰںڰˣƽԭ֮ϣȻڻԵʣʹÿɼȷǳĵͣȴҶûʲôӰ졣
Ҳ֪˶ԶеҶͻȻͣ
ǰȻʣһ޴ĵ¿ӳէһһһ¿ӳҶ𾪵˵
ڰһĹпΨһйĵطеƮŵɫӫ⣬Խ棬Խܼ⣬˺ϵ׻
Ҷѵ۾޴ĵ¿Ӷ鲼̵ĺǡ
ЩǷǳ֣峤Ҫ˵ߣÿһǶһ󺡹ǣӼ׵ĵط£һϸĹ׵һֱ쵽ƽĵط
ϣһϸļǴչЩƵĵطȫצȡ
ҶУ֪˽ţ̤Ĺϣ·һǺǶѵ
Щǣʮĺǣÿһżʹı飬ມǵͷ­ȫˣѳƲࡣ
ô£봫˵еı࣡ڰдҶɻ̾Ϣǿʹ࣬Ҳ˷ˣеˣĪɣĹлʲôΪ֪ܲɣ
Ҷץһ͵ͷ­Ǹͷ­ǻﳤ೤ͷĵطһϸ۵˳
е˵࣬Ҷİͷ­¡
Ĺ֮УҶͬһ꣬ں֮䵴ȥ
ƬǱúҶڷһ߿ݹʱͻȻ߿ݹ£ʯʮּᣬҪ֮𣬺ޣޣޣɱɱҲʣΪۻΪ޺֮Ѫ飬֮٣˹ߡ
дĿĵ֣֪˶ãҶϵʱȴѵ˫۲֪ʱȻʪ͸
ԭһֱҿɺޣһ̣ѴˣЩҲǿɺޣֱɥΪһ֮˽Ȼ񹲷֮¡
ͬʱҶҲоĿ£ǿһȣΪϵĹ磬ֵ쾡£
룬Ƭǻƽԭ֮ϣʼĳֲֲֻɫȴǹĺɫһɢһɹ˺ܲϢ
ЩֲĹе¹ƾãÿһֲĲ죬ЩɫĵزݣǼΪ޳һҶӣȻмʮ׳
ĹУҶĺ˵ǿʧƬ̱ɥΣ˻ɲҲûĺ飬ɲ˿⡣
ҪԼǿ߿ʱܳǰ棡
ҶĻǰУһĶ֣ǹĳ֣
һ޴ĺٺȻһҶŵ׵𣬽ҶҽöãһɹƬĺѸӿһֱôִҶϮ
ЩսΣҶеս񾭣ҽű˲콣һǽغնɼΣŰâݺǵصҶʳƬ䡣
΢һ󽣸ģߣߵƬֲ֮Ϯ֮
һ޴ϺٺȻԵֱϮҶ䣬ϵļ̣ɫƣȻһ˿ζϣȻżѪҩ
ףҶѾ֪һʲôˣףֺų֮ޣԻΪڰٱޣȻ֪ıˣҶǰԸֶΣȻֵˡ
΢ƲЦһɫ䣬콣ǸϺɫΣָ΢һɾ콣콣͵ջһ⣬ݺݵ̽һͨĺɫƤ
֨֨ĲҽԲƤ֮´һСɵӰԺɫƤ֮Ծǳ۾ĶŲԶҶ
ƤİСҶֱӵһʥ塭
طһСʵȻѾزʵڲǰè˵Ҳʥô
ЩٵĺɫƺֲǼУΧЩɫĲƤֲͬһ㣬ӿתѲӰ
ȻսδѶۣȻ׿ֲҶЩ죬ֻҪͬھ磬ˣǹҶԶ˻
ǲһƾѶȰٶȣҶֻǻӽ֮䣬Щװܲ͸ĺٱɢ¶Ǹ΢΢Щ˼ף룬Ϊʲôͬʥ磬ʵΪΪ֮ɡ
ҶɲΪʲôͣĿһۣӽնɱ˹ȥ
ʮϢ󣬶ڷһҺɢˣ
еһöɫ壬ҶҡҡͷŨڤ֮棬²֪жΪԴ棬ͬ½ϵ޺һ㣡
ֽɫеڤ֮ڣܲѵСҶԸ⣬νＫطڤ֮һҶڣ㻯Ϊһɹɾ
ѹôǿ飬ߵڤ֮ȷˡһЦҶٴУĹΣķݲСġ
߹һξ޴ĻԭҶУѾ˶öɫ壬ȫʥ顣
ʥ飬ĹоȻˣĹеȷֲվСԭľͷҶͷǹĺɫֲһۣǵͽ鲻ϼ
ղųʥڵ鶼һ죬Щ£ۼ챻ɱ𣬷ʼ˱˴˼ɱ¾ƬĿ֮Ȩˡ
ûʶҲ뿿űµ̾ҡҡͷּưâȥǵԼļ϶ߣǰǱľ޴ɽȡ


818 ĺ
ûǳû⣬ûκηָĹҶҲó˺üζλĹָϣõԼûʧƬĹ֮С
̤һ˲䷢仯յĹȿڣʱֳĽʬã֮ϣѪԼ޴Ĺ
ĺĲд
ΣҶǰҲҲξţˮ΢΢ͷϢ̧ţģĳһ
ҶһˣĲ˲ʧӰҵĺУҲȻϡ
۾΢΢ҶϸϸĴǰһƬռ䣬֮󣬷һ򡭡
ﵽ񾳽󣬾ͿԽȫų⣬ıΧóһƬԼĿռ䣡
Ҷҿ϶˿̳ǰģֻƺһ򣬲ǶǾֻҪԼһ̤Ƭ֮Уܵ޾زķֱ𣬻߳ΪǲеһԱ
Ĺ֮УȻΣھȻǿߵ򶼳ˣһ̾ҶƵ֮⣬̧ȴǷȫ
Ҳת򣬻᲻뵽һӿֲĵ֮С
֪ⷽǸǿߣڲ֮Уǰè˵Ĺзʶѵ飬ȥʥɽкһ²ĿԣҶ΢΢ҧҧٲ̧Ľţ˻
ǲҪðյĺãƬ˵̫İˣұ֤ҲȥʥɽһǸ񾳽ǿߵ֮УԼɾΣˣ
һȥɽ䣬ǰɫʯ飬Բ⻬ͷ­ССֻȭͷࡣ
Զȥȴ˴Ƭɫģģ޷Ρ
ʼձ޵мɿķΧڣѪɫĹϼͬˮһ㲻ͣмϯѹţһ࣬ȴ˵̰һ㣬粽ѽ
ԶԶɽȣҶɫ粻Щ˲ܵӡ
֪˶ãҶɫһ̧ͷ¶һ˿εĿЦ
èԼƵı֮ﰡҶа׹һͻȻһƿҺè֪ľ˶پɵġҪʣޱȣ㵽ǵèǰⶫʱǿ飬ⶫҲϲ֮
ҶƿƵһ󣬲ŸɾûˣðգֻҺеǸǿԼܳûȥԺèҪԼҲֻˣ
Ҷ˾ϣ϶ʼδͣƬ̡
ֻɨһֻǰɫɳֳ˼ֻͽӰ
ҶһЦ˹ȥƷһ飬ȡƿϵһαճҺ壬̽ȫ¶ַס
ȻעһָϢֱߵɽͷȥ
ɱһҶһתŹȿڣ૵ϣǿ󣬲ȻֻεҺƾ˷һΣºè֪ĲԼ
ۿǸ鱼ɽ֮УҶվĹȿڣʮ֮ңʱ
ҶʩչϢ֮ͬʱջϵ֣ʱһɹˬķ˵㣬Ǹɽͷɢ˿
ʱԭɽȣͻȻһĺ֮
һҶʱûѪԴһֱ˵ϣ֮£æתȫסΡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ﰵԺȻǳʶֱӳڵеǿߣһʲô飬ֹŹֵ츳˴⣡
ҲҺԼûðȻ֮Уèǰ˵ԼĻҲ㵽
Ҷֹ֮ʣɽϿͻȻһɫ磬һŵֻɶ׷ȥʹֻһ˲ĹҶʶǿǽϺеĶ˸š
˿ͷˣʮС⣬Ϸڱһ͸⣬ȫͨһ޶
ֻǿ׶ӣҶҲͫ΢һ£Ǹҽࡱϵϡ
ҶƵĵͽԶѷǵϺ磬һһ׷֮䣬ǽǵϹԶԶˡ
תۼ䣬ǾͻΪСڵ㡣
Ҷǲģæʶߴ٣齫ٴ򿪣ٿ񱼡
ͬʱҶҲΪһ׺磬ɽжȥ˾֪ǿȥ磬ץʱͨǰɽͷ鷳ɾʹˣռٴ˲仯޾ĲҲٴθ֡
û뵽ڵǿߣȻὫôͽȦ֮У⵹ҶЩ鷳
ζ콣УҲΪһ쫷磬ưؽǰĲһĴ·âڻӿ䣬ı鲼֮УǱǵɨ֮ǽʬѪ󣬶ӦѣΪǻҡ
ǹǻ̾Ͷɵĵ·֮ϣҶһ֣߳һߵǰɨţ콣óĽâͬǽһ㣬񱩵Ĺһ·ϣδһ֮֮۰׹ǻҡ
Խ벻ڴĵˣҲԽԽǿֻҪûǻǿκҶ˵ȴֻͬ۵
Ƭ̺ҶɱɽȣʱӦԼϵʶʧȥϵҶʱһĲͣƬ̣һɽȰء
һɽͷʱͣʱҲ
úõһҶ·ˡ
±ߵ·ָ̻˿ʼʱƽ̹һ·µķСպ󣬿е¶һ
ɽϱЩɫֲĲľǰӽϡٵͺͺĴݲԵЩ
ЩɽϵشСʯͷֳɫһЩɽͷϣԼԿһЩССѷ죬쳣ȿ˵ȷͻҰɫķɻҡ
ȫһ¯ĳ
ҶʱϲΪǵ֪ˣ֪·߲δߴ뵽Ӧúܼܿɶûжʲôжȥ
úҶǰһԼǧɵĳ޷壬ɽֱӲеĻϼУΧһЩСɽͷ˾޷ԵøעĿ
Ҷ˾޷壬һ٣ͣһۺ󣬾૵壬ǰ֮ʱɶԳԼﰡǰɶһӣҶжʱкǧ
Ҷӳ˼лعɽǰɱȥһǰһһĵ磬ǰ
˴֮㣬۵ȴһռشҽ콬ݲͣ١žžıѿһ߽ᱻ˸ɵĿ¸о
ں΢ĳҵ棬ҶĿҲҺĴһ͹ľϣƿǿң·Ӧһˮء
ֻҪͨⷽˮأɴﵽһĺǴطˣ
ڿԾ𣬼Ƿʯ֮ϣȥȻʯתһȴƣֻתһ룬Һ¶һߵĶѨһȪֱ
˭Ҳ񲻳Һ룬Ȼһ۵ˮأ
èҶ˵ʱΣҲﲻѣèһˮ𹲴桱֮ԣųۣͱض۵֮
Ҷڿû˼˼ʲô֮ˣֻ¹ðȪϲ֮£ҲûȥˮʧȥĺĵػǷΣգˮ̶ֱǱȥ
̶ԽԽǱһᣬɭɭĶҶ䲻η̫ǿΣҲǱɣʼ޷ףʱ֪ûĺߣĹأǧѡ
ʱϢ٣Ҳ˲ٶ룬˵ʹǧ֮׹˿Ҷһߵʩչֺֹǧ²ڼʮˡ
Ҷ֮׹ʹһȴ£͵ǰһһæȥֻһɼӳ˹ȥһ
ֽ붯Ƕȴһббϵıѡ
˳ƻϣʱһ죬ˮ棬ֻҫۣѩ죬˱ǣһء
ȲˮԾĿĹˣֻɻݣһ԰ȻӰĹˣҲ־ϲ֪һĺ֮ˡ
ֻɣʱסŲһȥֻ룺ĺĹԼˣȻ棬ϸ˵˶Լ鷳Ǳô죿
ߵԽŲԽĵʵĺߵǰסʯ֮أȴĵأϸĪĺĲˡ
ڻˡһڶҶö죬¶ȥȴˣֻֽе֪Ѿٸ¡
Ҷ̲סѭǰֻǽϺ£Ҷ֮ãȻߣҲ˲֪Զһỽͷȥȴ֮Уһž޴İӰ
ĺģ𣿡Ҷϲ
һӰƮĺĶĿҶ˵ˣ
ĺģΥеĹءɾʱһ֮


819 Ͻ
ĺɫ΢䣬ͬʱҲǷһ⣬絶ǵиƬϣʱ䣬˷ǡĺġĶ֮ὥϸ磬ƮȻɢȥ
Ҷ־̧ȥʱĺĲ֪ʱٱɽӨӨ˫ĿһԼԼȫ¶һ׹⡣
һƮЦ˷Ʈ˹ţƮٴĺģղĺܲŶ㾹Ȼܻҵ
ƮϵĻҶüͷԾԼʶѾ㹻ˣǡ˵Ǵ˷ģ޷׽Ŀ꣬Ҷȫ⣬˵ôģ
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Χİɫ͵ġ¸¡ֻһĹı׶һһΧ֪Щ׶ÿһŻ
ҿϻôǲҽ㲻ţһ٬ٴҶעתͷȥǰѪɫҺΣѸٵĳһţѪһֱڷϸĿüΪӢ˳˰֮С
Ѫܲ׺ݣߵó棬޳⺷ƺҶȴһЦĵСӣҽᵽǸҶȥҲôôţֻҪϽϲģСֻ֧ܵ֡
Ѫʣ㾹ȻҲˣããõĺܣʱǵƮٴȻʹߣһĿǰռѧɣ
δ䣬ڰеı׶͵ĶĴ·һ㣬ӵųҶ˹
ʲôƨӿûǸ棡ѪЦһ˫͵̤գһ̣ѳҶǰһһУױȵٶȣ
Ѫһ䣬һҫ۵Ĺâб׶£ǰ͵ĻһֱߣĴ˳ȥб׶ѪʻͷЦһҡҡͷϽʩչѪʿܻ֣һ磬ٺ٣Ȱ㻹ǲҪ˾ѪʽҶڱϣһפһȡЦ
ʱҶֻǿྰ±¹˪ӣȻȥ
Ҷ紦Уղίʵܣƽޡ
̧۱ԼѪȥֱǰ·Ũīţ޷ȣԤ⣬ţԻ
ʱҶĿѣѪʻͷһۣüͷ˵СĻʲôƨ͸ϽţΪӱıôϽˣҲû˵ˣ
Ѫʸ˵ͻȻɫһ䣬еãϽԽһʱҪˣ
Ҷ⻰æ̧ͷȥĺǾ޴Ӱѿʼɢˣ۴ҶƺìܣֱѵɢıԵʱͻȻ䣬ֻһҧĵԵˣмǲѰңҽδ꣬ʧˡ
ģռƣ鷳Ѫʺݺݵһ䣬ͻȻҶһһѪ⣬Ѫȥз׷Ѫ֮ꡣ
ѪʵɫҲ࣡
ҶȻĿʱȴмƲƲ죬ĵĵģǻȻ볹ƻһƬռĹӽѪҷϣô
ˣϽˣϲģһʱҲƲҵѪ磬ҲӦ̸̸ˣѪааһЦҶȴһֲòϣЦĺ˧ܿᣬ˵΢Ц֪Ҫٴϱ
뵽ҶȻһ㶣һҪԼ̸ʲôӦҲʲôðɣ
ɻ䣬ֻѪааһЦ󣬶Ҷҽܣףԣ˭Сӻûʸ֪ģҲ֪˵ãôΪӾϽôῴСӣȻ͸㣬رԽٸλ㣬Ҹ㣬ڵΪҪ浽һ磬һСһ㡭
ҶüͷѪһţƾȥϽ㣬ٸʵ꣬ôһ˿ܣϽʱǾ仰ôǲȥ֮ǰʵ㿴˰ɣ˵Ǳˣһͽͽһ磬ͿϳǧˣֻܻöѣѪʣ
ѪʵĻҶɾϲĽɲԽһȥʱ
ѪʺѾҶ˼ĵҴȥȲ˵նɽ磬ſʹõľңҽȥǴǸ磬ҲʱҲΥʱշ򣬼ͷ鷳ɣΥ£ҿɲ
һ£ѪСĵĳܿ˿ѹιҸ㣬ʵһҲöʲôŮŮħŮȵЩ˶ԶռһЩĻᵽһ磬õš
ƣѪʵĻ˵꣬Ѫ㴫һľ޴ѪҧгݵĺһۣĵƲƲǼһʵˣţҪǼǵģ
䡭䡭䡭ѪʵĻտʼռб˺ıըѪŭĻͷһ䣬Ҷصգգ۾ҪˣģһػϽˣԣ֮лһ磬Һ˵Щ˶ѪʱŶ
ѪʵĻѪԽԽŨˣģҶѾ쿴ѪʵӰˣ߹ȥһ̣Ȼķ֣ö߶һ
ȻѪֻ֮ʮҵľ룬ʮףȴһ׶Խ
ҶŬҪһʱѪʵٵӼסʵ֮򲻿ѰһȥȻĻ㲻Ͻ㣬һӵģ
Ҷ𾪵ʱѪʵȻֹͬʱǰǵƮѪʣλҺ£Ҷ㲻ݣҪΪܲ㣬Ͷûˣ
ٺ٣˵ɱͷ׷˵ɣһУѪ꽥ϡˣܿҶֻصǸ밵磬ҪתѰҳ뿪ǰɫͻȻţȴԾ˸䡣
ݺšһѴȣʹŴʱξѻصʵˣ̧ͷһԼһɽ棬ڸղŵһξ֪棬Ǽ١
ɻʱҶҲǼˣճյĺĵʲôһʲôһ磿ʲô֮νʲô磿ߵľ磬֮𣿡
Ҷгʵʱ򣬺һϵЦãø֮ñһѰ
һ⻰Ҷɫ䣬һѿ֮ʲôҰȻҴ
ߺٺЦĹУᣬܶǹ»Ұ֮Ҳ⣡֮תȥӭһʮɫ˫Сһʿţͥī룬ͼˡ
ҶƵĶʶתȻ𣬸мƣֻЩ
һ㣬ϾȻϢҲһѵǴ汲һ
ڼʥ֮
Ƴһӣ°Ьһ߲Уͷϸ֮ܲϱƫֲȥأһκڲԵòʿͣײࡣ
Ҷӵһˣ֪ΪΣоϸʶһ̽ʱ䣬Ȼǰ벽ǿߣǸ֮ϵʿǿߡ
ȻֻȴûһܶԸģ֪ЩҶ޲ܵԽԶԽãװסɳ嶯ȴߵýˡ
ʿ信ʣʵѲᣬ۽ǲβϸƣڳϣȴ˫ŵأΨгƮƮ泵ڵ⣬⣬ⳤÿΰڶ˿˿ɱ⡣
Ҷһķ࣬ǿ緢ˣҶԼɰͰ͵ģæԼҲʵڹġ
ɶʿˣȴɫһЦսĹصһ죬Ҿͷˣʿ۾һУ¶һѩ׵ݡ
֪ǷЩҶöԷݹڼһЩǰ׵ģѩ׵ȴľѪ⡣
ȻˣΪûЩ֣ҶǿһЦһ䣬ĸֱ³룬ϣҪԼ²Ȼɾ鷳ˣ
ҵЩ㣬ûȷʵǰҿɲݾߣʿ¶Цݵ˵
ȷݣĪרڴ˵ҵģ仰ҶɫЩף뻽콣սʱǸҪٻֲ˿˿亹һ½ӲеָоôҲðȻ֡
㵽һ¾Уʿգգ۾ػص
Է̹ȻϣҶȴǳһ£пЦӵϣԼЩ´˲źãŴ󼪴


820 콣¼
Էֻһ벽ǿߣԸôһ˿ľᣬͬʱ벽ǿһӿµǿߣȫܵͷ
뵽ҶҲٶˣҲʲôƣԾԵʵκıƣ˿ˮݣһ
ҶҲô־ܣһת׼һ϶˫һӣ˿ת纣ǰȥȴչǲȥ
֪ʿһһҶĹǬС
ʿٷһЦӻΪһӰȻתۣһӣâһֻ˶㣬ֱ̿ղƣ
ҶܰΣתͷһƣâǰһٹ·ϣ磬ӭââ֮ϸʿص
䱻ҶקţȻ˥âβȦתӰޣžžҶ˫գҶͷۻ䣬ʿѵǰ
˲Ĺ򣬸ҵͷз׷׵ӿҶ֮ϣһ˿ѪɫʱԽԽ֪תЦλα࣬Сǣ
Ҷ˻һ벽ǿһʱǸʿ׷䣬Ҳ㵲ʤҲ޳ˣһᣬ͵Цѷ䣬־ܣ
Ҷ˫һ죬Ц븿븿ԸҪ̫СʲôҲ£ʹλΪ߳С̫࣬СӾƴҲ֣ܲ飡
ʿü£Цֺ󣬾Ͳɱ㣿
ҶЦ£µҪ֪㲻ɱҵģһ᲻ᣬ񾳽Ϊɱޱȣһ֣һˣȴûɱңǶˣ
ߣһõģʿҶһҲûʲôʾߵ䲻ɱ㣬⣬ƣ㲻ɱ㣬Ҳôȣ˱棬Ȼܣ
һУеԹԹܷҳ֣˫ȣ֡
ҶͷһسЦãããһ˵á֣ųӱ֤Ǵʱ˿Ƕӵ󣬶ΪӰߣţǾԣ
ʿ沿һ鶯ŭЦСӣҶԱ浱Ҳɱ㣿
ҶЦɱɱüģ
ҶһӱǿӲʿʵڴ⣬һȻ֮ɫ
һᣬ俴Ҷһۣû˵ʲôһ׹һһֻϳһӵĽһֻһµİ񱭡
һע˱֮Һ壬һ㴼Ũ˲ʯָһƽ֮ĻеҶǰ
ʿҶ˵
һ˻Ҷһͷ˿еҺ壬һȻҺȻ㴼ޱȣɲΪʲô鵤ҩŪãܻĳ־綾֮
ڲ֪ԷǺ֮ǰ´ҺЩͷתҶ¶˳֮ɫ
ôȣʿкһ·𿴳Ҷ˼ɫȻһ±ҺʲôֽţҪˣȡֻǵָ֮Ĺ򣡡
˵ЩʿתͷһֱվߣͷҵİˣڵʮϢʱ䣬ûкҺͽ
ŵͷҵİҶ̤һֻһ֮⣬һѹɣʱߣת۱ɱ֮ƣһӰΪһ⣬Ũٿ˿С
һĻҶɫ԰һ£˳ǰ񱭣ӲͷƤ˵ɱңҲŪףⱭҺ󣬻ʲôԸȥ
Է´ҺԽԴĴʲô⣬ҶҲĴ
Ҷ˾ǿʿƺһе⣬ɫ漴ɢɭ֮
Ҷ⡱һ£˲ƶĶŶԷ
֮ʿüͷһ壬ɫֻ
ʵ棬㵱ȥˡһºʿͳ˵ֱҺʲô綾֮һҺڵһ´Һˣܴܴ̼ԪͻΪϵƿȻҺֹ⣬ЩĹЧЩЧģ˵˵ִⲻȴҺԼҲӦúˣ
ҶЩɫ飬֪ҺԼµĶҺʱҲ˿һ󣬲ŸɰͰ͵ûѡˣ
ٺ٣֪ͺãʿЦһҲ̹Ȼĸ֮
ҶȻѾµ⻰Ƥǳ鴤һ£ֻ˼һСҶ粻ɫһգһ˵ãҺȣ
Ȼʶ࣬ҲʡȥһĽţʿԣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫ
ģʽˣеѡСү׷ôҶаһ䣬ֻһָһ
еҺԶΪһˮߣɽĿУҶζûƷζһ£ЩҺ;ֱĵ˸С
ãǵѡ񣡡ʿ¶ϲɫ
ҶһȸɱҺϷŹ˰Σһѣ̧ȥǰʣתʿЦеģעԼһ˿
ҶԣҪѯŭƤȴһᣬڵأʧ֪
Ժ䣬Ǽ䴫ҩһУ
Ҷ壬ȥܻڣʯɭɭƷˮ⣬ʯԻ̦ǣŨصʪܣ˿˿ƣ뼡ֱ͸Ƣɴ˸¡
֮ʣһƣϾȻмصϡ
Ҷ־ŭ֪Ƿ˺£ʿʹֶΣͲ֪Ƿ˴ĶԼõЩʲô
ʱҶϸǶ죬ǴϣѹвмŭˣǻҪģ
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ʱȴϳһ㬵ٸʲôʥģҲѹң£Ҳֳ˵߰ģ˭ҲƲףͬգСӾ棬һʱ֪
һЦһСӻͷúܣʥãȴû³һڡ콣¼ۣʥ˵ˣȹصģĥĥӣȻ׷콣¼
ϳĬΣɵСǵĹضδˣҲǻʸӵܣҲͬһѪǷЩ
˵޴㻹ϡһɭȻˣ㵱δ׵ģζԴģȲ˵ǰ׷ɱƮ½˶ٿͷ֮¡ֻ˵˵㽫ȵթĹȻַӵΪ֮꣬ÿݹǶСǵĹˣһɾ鷳ˣԺҪС˵ٺ١
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ҺͿˣϺǺһЦ˵ֲһС;е죬ԭǵδǸС֣СҲ֪ʲôʺˣĹδȻ˷ʣѹʥصЩ涼鱦
ҶίʵͲסغȵϲģ㻹ҽС֣һң
䣬֨һʯƿһߣǰվʿߣŲײ˽
Цеģ˫ϸ죬˸â
ȴǱׯϣһɼ֮ƣҶôôţ治Ϊһ鱦
ҶһǷģŭɶһڣֻ޴ʱȫ¶˽ƣþסˣܼԶȻҪϼһĲú
ֻҶǰ΢΢һЦ̾ǰ֤ˣֶҲϷ˼ֻԹ˵콣¼еؾϷ򵣱㡣
ҶһȻ콣Ҷĳ켼˵Ҹ֪ʲô콣¼Ĺ֪Ҳӱү֪֡
ϺҡҡͷЦֶϷ֤ôҿʲôδ䣬ѶһƾɵƤŸɫͬҲͬĻֽ
˿ǻĿӵߣӴСӹЩһһ𿪣һʣһַֽƤֽƤϵ־䶼
ÿֽ־䶼ֻжѣ˭Ҳ֪дʲôֻ˾ɫأκδ⡣
յʱ⣬߷Գ̾һʮѪ֮ѰĹҲֻЩʥ涼ˣԸһסڲü΢΢Щǡ
ϳչһЦָҶջѲ٣ټʥ´ּô


821 ʸ
ЩЩڡ콣¼ֻƬҶĿ࣬Щָ뱾뿪ɽʱ򣬲ȫپôôй±
ϳעԾüƣ¶Ц⣬Եֶ˼ұͬڣ͵裬ôЮ䣬Υס
Ҷһۣʹüƣҽַһˣ
ЦЦȻִֶֻܹ̫ʥһ۾Ϳˣ֪ǳ㣬㶨¶ͨؾʥҲǲѶΪֶ֮ģˡ콣¼ǰĶεؾֻҪֶ˵漸ؾϷ򵣱˺㣡
Ҷؿڵ˵ء
̾˿һֵ˵ãֶסʯңʮ겻˵סʮ꣬һ겻˵סһˡ˵һۣǴŲײ˫˫˳ʯš
ҶŭһҪǰ֫ǰá
ŷ֫Ŵִζʯϣ˵˽ƣѲܵãʵҲ
ʥеҶʵΪҲĥ͸ߣ˽ƺ󣬹ʶ⾫һҶΨſڴ
оСѧ˳ˣǧУûһظģݡν˵ãЩŵĴϵŹ֡
ֻʯǽѱסҶҲģĺܡ
˰죬ҶҲ֪ԼƺҲûõˣתŪȥ·ϲž˽ƣʯҲιޱȣǹǿߵ
Ҷ뾡ǧӣȴûһӹõģ֪ãؿʹѵӷڵϣ˯
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ᰣ˱һ£Щ飬Ҫ˵Ҷ˻ʸһۣʸᰵҲ⣬Ȼתȥ


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̶һ˵꣬ɫǳأҶڣֻо㶼ֻ֪ҪҶ˵һɾ˵ˡ
ڤĻ֮ԣ鼤ܣѲ֪˵ٴΡɱɱȴҲʼղҽ˵
ޱȳУҶͻȻǲףʸѪƴƱػһ֮УҲĶĻҵӴ˶ϣ죬ֵǸϽ뿪
ͷһͻȻɫҺԸѪأҲԸȥ
Υҵ
ҿֵߣһҪһͬ
ͻҶһ߳סڣתӣ졣
Ҳ˼ôȫǲںڡʹ֮УҪ㣬Ŀȥһô
Ҷɫࣺɽ޸ģߣԺͱˣ
Ϊʮ̫֮ףǰԣȨ֮޸ģ
Ҫ
ֵܿߣұҪ£ֵطԯǣݱܷ񣬴ֵв⣬ҲǸԯΪµĺֻ֣Ҫص;԰ȫǣ
Ҫ
Ȼڲɱң
ҶΣͻȻݺһٽţ㣡


824 
쾫һ
ˣҾݴˣһӣڤȥ׼ֵ˳ȥڤһͦӦˣɲ
ֵڤʰ׼ÿҴ϶Ҫ㹻Ҿƣʸ׷ϮþƷٴ
ڤ
תڤףĵػϹ£˼ԯǰ꣡
ڤ״ЦֻܷģСܼʹǣҲҪ˼һ·ͻԯǵģ
ҲЦãȥɣ
ˣʱѿڤͻȻͷʵ
͵ȥɣ첻̧ͷֻĬֵǶˡ
СˣڤһҲͷȥٿҶı飬Уǳ
ȵߣҶͷһۣ̾ϢһʸᰵôߣţôҲ˺ã
Ȼʸ˽ҶĻҲҪ뿪磡ҲҪ뿪磡Ҳµģ
Ҷ磬οޣвɢϯʱķ룬ͻܿټģһؼȥɣϳϲģȻ㻹ǲģ
ʸĨȥᣬȻ㲻Ҫһȥ򣬾ˣ
Ҷ㡭㡭Ҫʲô
ʸЦҲҪٻˡ
Ҷ󾪵㣡뵽ʸᰵԸ˵Ҫ̾ˣһð֮հɣ
ʸ⻰һЦݣǽӦô죿
Ƭ̣ʸ˾Ҫ׷ˣǵ跨һ󣬺ЩֵܴҶоһ
һͦشֻһ֣ã
˵ֵʸĸ֣֪ʵںѣںֻҪҶ˵ĻͻȥǲǸܡ
ʸͻȻڣΪʲôͷǱټˣ
ȶӭȥƣ
Ҷɫӭȥӭȥ
ٺ٣綼һӭȥʹ죡ȻһЦ
˭˵綼һһҪعأ쵼ȺֵܸɳһҵˣյԣѵѾ˲ɣҶᣬȴš
ʸɻҶҪﵲסǣѵлĻ᣿У֮ɫ
ҶɫֻҪǣǵʱ䣬ڤȥģҪúûϣ˼䣬ΪʲôҪ
⻰ʸᰣ춼תӣҶ
Ŀԣһ˵ᶨ㣬һ˵嶯ȴһηһ飬ƺҲ
ڻȴ˳Ĭ磬ǳ赲ǣʲôģ
Ҷ̵Ļش𣺡ûУҲҪҳгţֳ˵ʹκжûѣκѶܿ˷
ܿӳǰܳǰţڵз˰˿ŻϵħȻϨ˺ĵƻѰǣÿһֱַ˿űϵϵϵħ
ķѾãĴ˻Ҳ㣬ҲΪЩħ˺ܺõЧ
棺磬ڸʲô
ҶһԲвͳħ޺ˣԾ£ʱʱĽ޺˻ħľǽС
ʸҲͲסʵ磬Ĵôħʲô
ҶЦ˵£һ㲻ܴ⣬ȻǾҵָʾ£мǲɺ˵⻰ҶͻȻɫһ䣬ȻŲ֮а⣺Щһúÿ죡
ʱ⣬æãҳֵһ
ɣҶһץסȥֻ԰գԶ޺ͣ뵽ˣѽӽˡ
ֵǣڷУ޺һš
ˣҶй֣ζҪҵġ
˵䣬Ҷһʸ᰺󱳣ʸһȻһЦ֪һôģһ꣬˯˹ȥ
ڤ׽ҶתӣŴ⣬ͻȻ䣬ӰһڤӦڴȺˡ
Ҷʸ᰽ڤУãȻ̾һ˰죬˵úÿѾͷҲౣء
ڤ״ֻǵ˵ͷ
Ҷ̧Ϊʸͷ˿ǿһ˿Цݣһ֣ڤȥһһ߳⣬˺ڰ֮С
Ʈҡɱ
һƬ֮Уһ΢Ǵ֮ҲʮصӰ쳣飬Զʮ֮⣬ľӰС
£ͷڣһǰеƻͨŴ󿪣һ޽䱸ϣǷʥӦˣ
ϻʥˣҲܻɵôȣϢ׷̽һ£⸽˵ϢǸŲײߣһӺڰֳڴ
棬һͷң΢룬бһαеˣҲ˳
ײߣӦþǴϿеĹˣͷҵˣɾǹϿеˣ
ȫ׹һ̽
ȴϳסһ߽еôˣ
ʱڰҶͷһ͵һ򣬱
ȴһʸһ¡һڵ˶ˣ
Ҷ˿ֺЦƺءҶͷһ϶ʱǲһļƻûʵʩˡ
ϼһﻹĲ̫أҶ޲һŽǶ߳ȥ
ϲ˵ˣڹϣ㻹ʲô⣬ǰʥ潻£ҿλҲͷˣ
ϲĺȻ֮ԿȫΪӦȻʥ˵СӶɳܿˣֻǸСˣ⿾õĵزȻΪʱã㹤СҪӵϢֻ²ס
ϻȻ򣬹ЦֲܵϻʸļͷԣȻνϵСǷˣҲ˲ˣߣȥ׷
Ͽͷʱ٩ȫһ֮У΢ŭңȻӲԶԡ
ԾУ䲻⣬ǴȥԶ׷ʱɴˣͻȻӿڣ䵭
ʥʹ֮⣬ٺ٣΢ЦȻ
ȻˣǻɵվһһԾԾ֮С
ϾȻ΢΢һЦȴĴ
ϻͷһۣʱŭǻվʲôѲһ˳ô
ЦЦΪͨ죬ץһСѣҵٳ֣ǿ˼ô˼ҾܴʩΪţ˭Ҳ޷ݳ
ȺȻӿڵСѵõѶϢﻹӲƴֻʹĿճ֮δ֪
ʲôճ֮ƣɻ
ȳŪİ⣬ɹ룬ʵˣֻǸѣѲ³ǻ뵽ĳ䲻֮⣬ٴγ䲻⣬ðյ
ϳ˼пܣôҲҪȥһѵѵֶܿôҲ̫⣬һⲼãȻٽȥ
Ц߳һ沼úˣ
߳УչΣ̰Ƶ˹ǰ
ϡȶһۣҲչ֮˽ȥ
ڽȥ֮ʱ̾һмӰǸʮѰ֮Χܣκ˳˵ţֻȫɱ
ͬʱܷɢȥΧ
ֺ˫ͷ߹գһȣΪȻûʵĴСע
Ķһ
ǰУɭɭʱеˡ
ʱеİҪϵ˶ѽ˾ߡ
ҶʱϵòˣˣҲȥ
ԾңȴɫȻ谵䣬Χ׶˻ʸ
첻ʵô죿ôţܽȥ»ûǿͻ˷
ҶЦʲôôȻԴҡڵ߽ȥ
ʧʲôҡڵ߽ȥ
Ҷ΢ЦӸһ·Ȼ߽ȥˣѵΣǻʸӵ𣿡˵ȥף¿ϣƹϣǰС
Ƶզ࣬ĵո˵󣬻ƣ£а֮ϵ£ûмġ
߶ʮˣ
ҶЦ֪ˡǰӰ֣شһţ
΢΢һ㶣ڴץ
ҶšһЦϸҲ˴Ѳӵô
ǰ棬ܷκһˣҲװװӡ
Ҷ˵ɭϣˣӲˡ
̾˵úܣ˵СѲζҳߣһθ£Ȼн޳ľĹ˳λֵܣѲǴģѲˣҪȥô
ҶЦչһȦȥˣλϸ磬ƹСûУ
⻰ľҶȴǺЦ˵ıˡ
ȴЦһܣץʱʱƹһۣϧץˣѪۣûС
Ҷ̾ϧȴûԵ֮źĺܣ˵СҲһˣ
ߵҲãΪʥе涼ˣ˭Ҫ֮ʲôϵҲŻ
ҶٺһЦϸ˵ǡ
˲ҶǽȥʲôҲҪҵָʾ¾Ϳɡһֱſڣδǰ˵ͺȵš
ҶЦּץ
ֵơҶժ¼ƣõƫһΣǰ׮ҲûƵУһ㼴Ȼ
ҶЦϸҡڽš


825 
ʱ⣬磬ڵƼ˽Ҳ⣬ֻ뵽ץ֮˵ģȴǻ뵽ģҪҵˡ
ʱҶͻȻס죬Ȳһȥ󷨣£˴Σܽеһ򾡣Ȼ
㶣ҶȷЩ޺ˡħλã˵ͷûȺ֮С
ɾʱֻϵģѱˣȴӰûƼСӾŲǲˡ
ЦýƻСӣʹǰƲߣϽȥ׷ҲӦû߶ԶֻҪ֪ߵķ򣬲Ϳɽ׽أˣﶼ
߳һӼȥЩһòԼȦףȻҪȥҶд󼱣ɲһʱ£
ۿŴϵ˾Ҫ˳⣬ҶͷһͻȻһЦü¶ݼ䣬Щ˻ǣһԲһѣԾ֮
ϳҪ˳⣬ʱ춯ͷһۣҶһؾɵ㡭
ȴǾԭСȣ´ˡ֮䣬ܳ벽ǿߵȫһ֮ơ
ҶżأӰΣӭˣµתǣ߲߳Ҫ콣¼ס֣һâ
Ĺϡȷ׷׺˶ܣ¶֮ɫʵڲЩʲôĸǽ
ʱֻºɱûţͽеˣ֪ʲôˣ
ҶһۣŭĪǶˣɣ֪Ҫ׷֮ˣ
ǺҲһ˵ţС裿
ŭһ㣺£
ǣǺӴ׹ˡ
ϺαطôĻСԼⲻҵôϲɫҶ㻹ǹȻѾˣȴΪҪˣ
Ҷһۣ˵ʥµ񶾣ܵĺǣҲȻ
Ҷȴ̾˿Ц񶾣ָǵ׷٣ΪٳԿͷҾûҪܵĺã
Ȼˣٺ٣Ǿͷϻ˵콣¼ʾ⣡ϴʱҲһ˿΢ЦޣЦʱ˵ֻҪ㽻콣¼ҾͿԱ
ͻȻ䣬ȺȻһЦ˵ôʲôֻҪʱԲǱ⣬ȫƾ£
ҲЦСӹƶˣ˵һ꣬ϷҶ

㻹кλ˵
ԩ˽ⲻ׽ᣬοҲǻʸó콣¼ǲնԹƲһЦΣ
ŭһС֪ΪƼưٳֶΣ˭֪㲻Ǽʾȴдı˵֮Ʋܻˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦеص֮Ȼⲻˣ֮˽˵ģǡ콣¼ʸĴ£Һ㣬ʸ壡
ߴŭҪ༥ȴһ䣬һɼֱ˴Ͽڱǣá
ֻЦǱͬڣԩ޳Ҫ̸ľֻǡ콣¼ֻ콣¼ڣ㽻ǺҿԴʥ棬Ϊ㡣
ˬ죡ҶЦô˵ǾһˣʥʹҲҪʹʹ죬Ϊ֮ѣԱԺ
һΪ֮һţɫȻƽͣȴܸ֪ǹƣǴλҲһʱ޷ʩ޺һ㣬عȥ
ĵôϻȴתŭΪϲЦһ֣ǰϹһľڹУҶ֮䣬ȡֻ룬ϣȻһ̳ƣע롣
˿ͻȻһӰҶ󣬺ҶѾ׼ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷƳϣֻ죬ȫȻⷽЦ
ҲЦ룡
Ҷе롭δ䣬̧֣оˮһӨˮϡ
϶Աһ֮һˮĽʱ䣬ɰױ࣬ϣȻ³һڰĭ˵ϡ
ҶȻ֪ǻھеȴǲϷ˾綾ⶾѸңҲմЩˮͷѣжæ˹ƳֻһȣüˣҺ
ԭиģԷһһˣϺһһۣҪǰӿӰˮڣһһ¡
仯֮棬Ա֮Ŀ֮ˣ޲Ī
ٺ٣λС㳢㶫ɷ񣡡ҶЦһͻȻһˮת˿˿ԽŨأ˫֣磬֡
СڤѪ֮ͨˮƣ֮ˮѷҶˮΪǵأմһ㣬һ˿иŵġѪʱ֮룬ѷ
СӣǣŭһǰͻӷܾٲС⡱һ£ĺˣһ֮ϣĿ˸°ĭڵء
һľأ˫ַأҪȴģ£СӣʲôȻҲУ
ҶЦСĺܣʲôҲҩĶСӿСֻССһöѪ꣬λܡ
쵰ѪѪôܻõĴ˻оǴ󺧲ѣѪҩҩֻҪԼӵ㶫ͿɱɶҩԽԽ
Ҳ֧ͨżϣĿһתעҶҩƶΪҩ󷨼ҩԣҲ˶
ҶЦжˣڳ˿Ҳ˶ѪųѪĶԣǷǳǰұ뵽ֻҪҴʸ壬Ϳܻ׷ǿܲЩ׼õѪСүЩ꣬רռҩѶֱշѪ㣬ʱ֮ڣȻǿߣҲ⣬ǺǣԼЩ޾ҲⱾ
ǻ쵰ϷӦ㣡һ˿̾Ȼڼ֮ǰˣֻǲף㾹ȻˣΪβˣٻѰ׵Ķࣿ
⻰Ҷüһ˿պ޵ʸǿ࣬ûʵð·˵λػʸɲרΪѰ𣡡˵̧Ͽصʱˡ
ϵ˾ĿϿֻꡯͻȻ࣬ıĻ򣬻ϵķУɫ䣬е˲ɣЩһҲ
ٺ٣ͲˣҶͻȻȡѪɫҺ壬һУһԼȥѪƵĶҩίʵҶ򶾵ѪҺһʱҲز
ֱ˰ӣҶվ侪ôˣֻһ˲ŭУҪ
ҶɨһۣݳĵҹѣǼ֮ס˵תȴǱȼ죬ѵǰ
Ҫ֣죬һ֮Ź쳣ҶӲӣһϸ˿вʪ⡣
ҶһҪв³ʪһֱθȫΪ֮õʽȻʹȥҶ󾪣ӳתһܣɢǹ֮
ǺסһҶĿȥֻԶ֪ʱһʥ棬͸֮⡣
Ҷͷһ˶ôվţȻ
ʥԼһʧЧҲǾȣϵʥ棬㾡ʩΪСʥ汳˫֣΢΢ͷ
Ҷʥ桱֣ѾˣЦȻͶԼ٣Сҵĺܣ
ʥɱӿԼ֣Ҫ֣
ҶϸʥһͻȻ̾СӾһˣ¶ϲΪ滹ǡС֡δҶ˹ȥ
˰ˣԱߵĿӾ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣʱ˿̣Ȼʥ֡
˭֪ʥӴʱͻȻһΣſڳХ缲ˣȥޱȾˣδѷһݣ⣬תû밵ҹ֮Уʧ١
Ҷһڴϧ˵ǿ߲ˣƶѪܲߡ˵յͷ죺Щ˽㴦⣿
ͻȻֻɱˡ


826 
ٺ٣ǸãҶɨ˵һۣкһ׵Ǿȫɱˡһ꣬һչȥ
쿴Ҷеȥ
ҶЦʲôʥˡѪ䲻ʱȥ˴æץסңҲ˶ٵؿܡǻ쵰񶾣һղһղǧѷ꣬ݼţҵÿȥɱҲñϵĶȻҾʹˮ
ô˻ɻ󷽲Ž⿪ԭҶ֪Ҳ϶˶Ȼϲ֮֡
뵽΢ȻһЦȻڵػǾļһкһ
ͻȻͬʱһʱЩСƿնգ֮͵Щ˵ǰ
ȻЩ˾ֵĿУΧôһƣܶδǾͷ׷Ե˵ϣ˲ͬʱɱˡ
ȻʵǿһϮɱȴǺȻ죬֪϶˵ġ
лЩˣ쿴ϵˣһƲ䣬³һϸϸ䵭ȫɱˣһӳڶʱѪ趯
סʹ죬Сӱ⣬ɱǣҲԶˡ
ϲĻ࣬¾ֵ㣡Цһһ˹ϵˣһʱ䣬вҽУ𡭡
ҶβںԼĪ׷˶ʮͻȻͣϢǰ˰ʮǰɽɭ䣬ľ࣬ҶˣԻԾң̧ͷȥǰľ˼̤
ҶЦߣΪڿߣСү׷ôԾһ٣˸䣬·˳תڣת˼䣬֪ΣȻת˼֮⡣
󲻽⣬һ·תԺȻת⣿²ϸ룬˫㴦Ծȥֻǵ¼һĺˣ廨ţһСģ͡һ죬ϵ½Ǹ˺һ顣
ôһçײ֪˴ЩˣҪţͻһӰվڼ֮ڣ̧ͷһۣһûֲˡ
ǹʥѵ㵽Լ׷˸󷨣뵽ܣҶʱʧɫһᣬ侲еֻǲ㴴ͺεСүۼûӦ𣬸ӿ϶е뷨
һ֮ɲͨԾ汼ȥ߰˿ôԲɣǿɼԾܣʵңǰʵ󣬼תּȦ֮⡣
Ҷ͵ʡȻǽټɵ󷨣Ҳܳȥ·ΧƺͻȻ˹ﾹȻһȻŹ󣬹ֲãʥὫԼˡ
ȻҲʹŲ֮΢һһֻչǲһתһΣȻڵĳȦһչӣܳɡ
ʱѲʥӰҶǰѰһɽ֪ʥ涨ȻͶҲðȻȥһƣмƽϡ
ЦһЩݿҶڶ̳һѣе棬Ϸ˹ƶСҸӵ𣡡һ꣬ʰЩ֦ݲݶڶڣȼʱϷһŨʱӿ롣
Ҫټӻƣһڻ⽦һɾ޷ڿѹ
Ҷȴ⧲Ǿ޷һˣײͭǽڣؿɽ֮ϣֻอڣͷۻǿվȴʱڻѾ
Ҷּסƿڴ
УӰէ֣ƶֻһ㵽±֮ϡ
Ҷʥо綾˽ýݣһʱò㵣һʱҲϸ룬ϣ콣Ȼ죬ʥ档
֮ӣȻҶԼ֣ʥ±ڣʯҷɣ֮ϣʹòŭһ߹ޱȵĴڣʱִܵ
ҸĻԼҵպޱȣ
ת䣬ҶȻϵ
ʥΣͳһҶҴ⣬ù
ʥһе֣㲢ãʷɶȥ
ҶҪ׷ϣʥ֮ľ׷ϮҶӽϵð٣ЩټͳգۻΪ٣˵סٲ󣬽һһ˳ſ
Ҷƽһǿ߽֣ͨгԾǻľô٣̧һƣֻʥ磬Ʈҡֱϣֻһݣѵûʡ
ҶһζӶݣ֪δ⣬ĸֻҪһȥԼ¾͵֮أ񣬵һֻݣŲԾʡ
ۼ鱼ǰδԶȻ콣¶ɹâһ
ʥãƻóһֵһȴһΣ漴¡
ҶȴǸеϮһʱȻֵסаһæ
֮һӰð˳һ԰ټƵӰҶΧÿӰ̽һâҶ
Щâ壬Ҷֻһ׶壬ֱ͸ǻ꣬Ҷ콣ȴֹͣһͨ콣âδȫȻ⣬Ӱƣ鱾һӣѪϳ壬һǵͨ졣
ҶԳ񾳽ͨȴǴۿۣ־ϲҪʤ׷סطһɺȻȫһ֮⣬;ȻͲȥ
Ҷһ㶣ȥҲͷ󺹣Ŀ⾼Լ
Ҷ֣ٲϣ˫Ŀһ˲˲ȴˣҶһҪУһȻܷ
ʱ䣬Ҷͷһͷ񶾣Ϊӡ֤룬ٶӦˣҶһǰ;ϡ
ҶԵʣĵδ֣񶾾ᷢѵ˵ѲٶùңֻƴŴھѪڵң
òѪǺε춾¼ۺһᵽ٣޴ߣһ޴֮ʥͨܿҶֵһ̣Щ⣬٣ʹδˣ壬ѵ
鲻ѣֳͨ涾⣬ʱҶ֣һֻͨɽ֮ӵˣԴͨԸһʥǿߣǴ´ࡣ
Ļ֪ҶȫȻԳ֮
ҶȴʥеĹ̥һԶͬߣ죬ȥ磬ȫ谭֮£ΨʹУǿҶڵġ񶾡
񶾡бͺǴڻһƾܹͬΪӦ˿ͻȻȻŵҶԾۼɱС
һʱ䣬ڶж֣мɵңţ˭Ҳκβ˭Ҷżȴû㷨ӵ񶾣ʱһȥҶ̲סʱһã군ˡ
ɾʱͻһ˹Ҷϲ֣˭֪һ⣬Σ׼֣һϻ쵰ȥɣ˵У᳤չֱͫ顣
״ɫ΢䣬תƵһô֮ϣǰһѣһ֦Ȼѿһ֦ˢһ²ס졣
һӽն϶֦ȥҶֶһ𣬴˷һһʱ޷۾ǣҶ񶾡
ΩƾһЩͨҶļ
˽磬սգʱһԣֻе۹ۿķݶһָͷҲȥ
˼غϣҶе콣һʮɵľ޽ƾճڿУҶóƣһץס
쵰ô׷鶸Ҷ콣ڱɫһгһ̧֣һ䡱һӱһ֮߸𣬵ϷһУʧ
ҶԾһԼܷУԿɽϣڿմּ̬֮ѵǿô£ٶ룬ϡ
ʱ౼˵˵ղ齻֣ҲҶһ㣬ȫһͬ˿ճô˲˲
Ҷ¶ɫ̾˵ǿ߶Եʱɽ֣֮ǰ˵ЦϾġ
쾪ôһ񲻳˲֮
ҶҧҧģҲɭУ׷ʱҶһףת󾢷ѹ
Ҷ콣һӣƽ鷢һ콣ֱҶꡣ
ּ̲סһӣ⣬Ѫڣƽȴһȭ֮ûУһһٿ
ôˣۼҶڵϣҧƣһѪӿڽ¡
ʧ֮ȴǾ֮͸һɭ֮
Ҷ֪ģһĹȻǿҼֵסͷָͨȴܾˣ˵²ֶΣһζ͵ϮöԸôһڲ֮أ͵޷ֱ𡣡
˵ס½ǣߡ


827 Ӱ
첻⣬ҶȴֻǷɱʮҶɫһ䣬ӱ仺Ŀ͸ɫֵô
Ҷһۣ׷ˡԾš
Ҷ㿴ģܸоԽڵ񶾾Խͷ
ɫףͬС񶾡ͷھңӦӵҵǿǺá
Ҷ̾˵ԶˣӦܹѡ˵նԿЦŻ׷ɱ飬ת۹򣬾ѵ˸
Ҷʱ澹ȻѸ׷ѽ⣬һ׷ϣ֮ʱ˵ҶֹɫɷףҡͷӲˣĺÿ졣
ҹɫʣԣطɢһӰȣ͸ããҹɫȻ°鷢棬ĿҶ죬һû
Ҷ߻ᣬֻӲͷƤվԭһԲ
ʱͨѸʤȯգҲĳ֣ĿҶЦЦڼңкθ룿
ҶЦҵһͷǽŵĨͣݶԶܶԶһԶӵĺǣҲѰš
ŭЦСӣһƼ㣬һķǣûڵ˵˾ʵڻ
ҶŭҲЦСˣԴӼ棬˵˵ĻֳģǸ·ϣƭ㡣
·ϣЦã˵ĺãΪ棬֪ô׷ű治ţġ·ô
ҶЦǾ͸ˣ֮׷㣬ʵǳһƬТģΪⶾ˭֪˼Ҳ֪⣬ӲҪСӶ֣СҲֻˣܵ档
ɫһôЩɱˣҲǼˣ
Ҷ֪˵ʲôϻҲһתԲߡ
Ӱ㾹ȻˣΪĪɣôɢԶԶͳ񷣬ֱ绢Хһ㡣
ҶúȻԼҲ¾ɽȣֱգȴǺˣǿ߹Ȼ¡
䣬һֲֻ꺶µģ˻֣һ󲨶һӰƾոڿУӰͻȻʵó˵Ӱ
㣡ɤĮȴ΢Ρ·Ϊ־壬쿴Ӱ㣬һֱң
ҶҲ̧ͷȥȴӰʱѻΪһŮɣѩ̷ò쳣
ҶɻĿʶ
˵㣬ҡҡͷŵҪɱеˣɵҪɱʸļʱȴͻȻˣֻǰڰ䣬ҾĪĴ׷˳ֵûңһʱԣҲٽɱˣˣ
ԭҶ˵ͷȻû´ǸμػߣְֻǱμİȫӼҲΪˡɱˣû㣬Ҳûʲôֵģ
Ůһ鲻ٿҶǣ˫Ůӣҧ㣬㵱ҪҪֲź
Ҷͷȥ̷Ůӻɴ䣬ʳͣü󣬵һۣǳڣȻһεļ֮λʧְһΣ˴ξٷɴ
⻰¶׹⣬Ҫº֣˭֪һٿغ鲻¶һ˿Ц̾Ӱֺο࣬Ϊһӵܣô
黽ӰŮ䵭ҿɲͣμ֮ӣϴǴۼ֮λǶԲĸףαҲܿ࣬ұ㲻
һתۣЦӰ֪οʥʥҲʼԽҵ񣬶ҪСӻȥģҲû취
ǰӰŮӲֵ֨ӰΪʲôҪΪѣǰʥУΪͣ˵˵Сʲôʱֶ׹СʱҵõʲôöǷһ룬ȴĺݣǶңҸ˵Ҳҡ
Ӱūūз֣㲻öôãһūţܲģֻ㲻Ҫ˺ˣʡҵ򣡡
Ц㲻˺׷ɱҵʱôͲңѵٶĽ飬һô
ӰǼػߣ£μϵҵ
㡭ƽ鳤̾һ㵱ҪץˣʥͣҪǹҿ¶𰡣Ҫô˵ң
ӰĬãԼ£Լ֪ôϴδۼ֮λҲ˵ǷʼôΣ㣡
ɫְףͻȻϴδλǶһϵĴ£ʲôϵػҶץҶһӾ磬Ѫӿͷˡ
ǰһؿڷѱסؿڣ˫أὫʵָȣ˿һסҶǰҶ׷ʱǱ֮״ԾŭƿСӣ㲻ϵĺ
ɾʱݣһһкƿնֱš
Ӱ㡭һδǿСһշ飬Ƭ⣬׹ڵء
Ҷ˿ᵽУתȥȴӰʱȻǰ˫ע飬ѩҵУ
ӰҪҷСӣһڵġ顮ߡһɿҶһۣЦãҾͷҾͲţܵȥȡʥҾͲţץ
˵չһЦ̽סҶҶֻһ澢׶ڣֱ͸ʱȫ⣬ȻҲһ˿һֺҶһۣԶԶ
䶢һۣһӣ綸ǧҶһģǧಡ죬絶ӽЩҶ
ǰһԣȻ̧ͷ鲻֪ʱѵͷһٱѹ췭һһһƴ֮ϡ
ҽһҷǣײʮôȥƲԻ˵ϣȫޡ
Сɱôʸˣû˵ƳҶһۣ̾һףƿն𣬴ƮƮԦУããҹɫ
ҶͻȻ絶Ҫȥȴлں޽ţɵ治ӦӦԼȥɱ˻ʸЩˣ
Ҷ𶶼䣬΢գ۽⣬ɲǼ䣬˫ĿǿеŮӵ㣬㣬ȾҵֵܣȾҵֵܣ
Ӱ俴һ۵ɱ˻ʸôˣ鲻ɱҲŹôȥԼҲԾȶร̶ֻˣһ꣬ӺȻΪ㣬Ų
ϣȥҶһ𣬳̾һ૵Ҫ죬һҪǻûôһ˵ţһ֮ȥɵģʱͷһһͷ亹
ȥ԰ף˫ĿԲ˲Ҳ˲Ҷһ죡졭ʮ޷ӦҶи
ܵȥϸһƣҶ΢΢˿Ϊһ޻Ŀܣʱһ֪̽ǾݽߣʧѪ࣬ѡ
֮ʱҶ˰ѪҺѪҺҺŰ׹⣬湦Ч֮ɱһܻѪҺ潨٣
ʱ״̬ҲҶ˫üɫһۣ죬ŲͣɽзɱȥҲ֪˶ã˿ܵãֻҲ֧һ¶·ǧ
˼ںڰѰ˸ѨֻԼڸʹָо֪þûˣϵҲ䣬ڲһʹһֱĵס
ֽ֪ţȻϲˣ
ȥΪ׵ķŹԼȵ´ʱ¾ѵʱˣϢһᣬȷӣ˺һ½ǣΪѪˮ
ֻǰ󼸵˺ۣѿɼѪİ׹ǡ
Ҷһۡڵϣ֪صƣʩȣʮ
ʱ˵أǵûҩϴ˿ڵˮûУָܻʵֻܵһ˿Ҳãһܴȡҩֻۼض
ҧһҧ±ǰȥ
Ĳݣɽ
ҶѲ֧ȴʢ־ҲᶨֻԼ޲ߣ֪кβ裿Уͻһˮд
ˮϸᣬҶһ㣬¾һѭˮȥ


828 
ֻˮԽԽɾɲ֮䣬ҶȻãȥϵ亹תߣͻȻ䣬ɽԺȻһЦȥôҵȺʱˣ
Ҷвãȥֻһ¶һ˺ĳǹƴ
ȻʥΪɺ޴ʱӲȥ֪󼺻߳һ󺺣ߣ
Ҷ˫Ŀһգתǰг˹ȥ
ֻӭһЦٺ٣Ҳ߲˵ģ԰գֻӰһ
Ծһװ󺺣ֳֳЦ
˵Ϊ𾳽磬ҪƽʱҶָ𣬵ʱҶҲֻεİ̾һˣ
ǰңѱΧסһֳֳﶼųǹ
Ҷʵʱĸǿߣﻹϣ˿˺ۣﻹԵ죬Ǹͨ׳Ҳһȭοĸǿߡ
׾ʹӦǰӰŮӵҪˣﲼ˷ԼҲӲƣŹ󷽣Լ
ɲ֮䣬ңĶʧû뵽ԼȻҪ
죬ҲΪȫֻлΪȥˣŲͦţȻ
ֻĸǿһ˹ǰмҶַ֣Ͼ㶼һƬ֮ɫ
ҶһۣͻȻЦʲôֻܷŴŲǣô˵ҲЩūŵүһȫǵģ֣
ǳֵ⻰ɫ΢䣬ӲҴ⣬ЦСӣͷҪף
ʲôζү볢һˣֻʮ֮ʣûүɣֻܷŵүҿɻһüͷ
ֵЦһһֵܣĪҪҪġ
ֵ֮ףӦһ󲽱ȻҴ⣬ǽŽ䱸֮ɫ
ҶȻ׿Цݣȴ绹жµȥʵǲģȵѡ֮;ʱȴֻкЦˡ
ǳֵֽյȴѲֳ˼Ѱ֮ɫ
ֱǿ߾ߵҶ࣬ͻȻ߳һţһܶ
ǿ߲һʶĻͷȴǴӣ¶һ˿δǷӦһţһĿĻâ˲Χһǿߵͷ­һƣͷ­й
󺺵һһƬгһλǿߵľϣһ½俳ڵأгȴһѪ֮δմȾ
۾ǸǿߵҪңֻǵ̫á˵գ̾˿߳һһǿߡ
Ǹǿܹʧôδˣֵƥһ㣬ȻͬǿߣȴӲǽһǿѹĽڽںˡ
ǿĵɥһת󱼳䣬ͻΪһڹ⡣
ֵɫһɱҲ׷ϣͻȻȫгȥ磬һ㡰ۡĲǿߵıȥδߣֱһϣҺδ
Ҷ죬о潻㶵ǳֵ󺺣㡭Ϊʲô
ֵ˻سеâһɢڣЦϲˣáͻȻתӣ˰ΣԻЦơ
Ҷ벻ƣȴ̲סǺ֮ģ̧һһǷͬСɡ
ͭж˿̾ѱ˸ͷꡣ
¹£ֻݰףüĿһͷɫͷɫӭƮǹ޵Ц⣬ҶĿɿڴԽ㣬ô
꾹ȻԽһ
˻ʥ쳯ϴһ𣬾꣬˿Ҷֻ紦λá
ԽЦϴһ꣬Ҵ˿ģû䣬㵹ǱŶûϳˡ
Ҷ˰Σعô˻ʸĻ
Խ˰֣΢Ц⻰˵̫Ҵʱ˿̣˵֮һͬ˵
áСҶվδˣɫһ䣬ͻȻ˵ȥ
Խɫ䣬ȥҶļ򣺡㣡ˣô
ҶȴҡҡͷȻЦ㽫һе˱ȥɣҡ
Ҫ
Ҳܺһߣǵġ
ΪβܣҴ磬ƴҲҪ
ֻ˵ѣߣϻ쵰񶾣ӵƾ˶ҵңֻǷֿǲ֮
Խʧȥ˵ʲôǲߣҲֻһˣ
Ҷ֪ԹѪжܶҪʲˣһеλֵܣΪҸ̫࣬дһͬҶĳ޲磬һ͵ھң߰ɣȻֻˣ
Խһ𣬴ڵء
Ҷ̾ѽֵи㣬㻹ߣֻҪܾһھȪ֮Ҳضм
Խкᣬңܶ
ҶߣͬңԺҵĳ𣬾ֻΪұҵҲֻܰȥɣٲҡҾǰ
⻰Խҧҧ벻ϾдĽѪˡã㣡ʼʱȻأʣ޷Ȼȥӣȥ
ҶԽӰҹмʧǲһ΢Ц૵죬ˣҪסҵĳŵԶƮһ޺֮ʹָ䣬
ҶϥڵϣϵѪˮˮּĳ磬ϥĲʬףȴȫľˡ
ֿʼ߳ŭ
Ҷ֪ɭвֹԽһѰ֮ˣĴ˻ʸػǵ׷ģһƬ̹ȻͦţעĿǰ
Ƭʱ䣬ڴ˿ҲüΪ
ֻһ΢ĽŲһ΢ղҽ֮Īѻָʵ˳ǻ˵ģ
һ˵ޣʥµĽƣôƵģԼԼϽץˣǴһ
ǰ̾ҿСĵĺãҪˣĹҲûȥˡ
ŵɽУ΢Ҳʮ
ҶͷһݣףףҶ㲻ӱΣ㲻ֻҪһ㶼ܶȥЩѵľôҲһ˹
뵽ǰľ˿޾֮·ֻҪܹѣƱػػʸ壬һѩǰܡ뵽һʬϵԼϵ·ʬԻһ
ɲ֮䣬ֻǴŲԶв˳߸˹Ҷλ׼һٵķ򼱱˹ȥ
ձһƬïܵӣ֦ҶвӣǴ֮Գһʱײ
ӶӰǿߡ
һĿӳôȴͻȻûӰӣ
һͣ½ŲЦ˾ʥסΪҲֿſ죬൱꣬СӻǷ֮ʱܶӳ壬͸Խֻ¸ѶԸˡ
ŭҾͲţôˣˡδˣͻһǿʹ˸ɫμǰСҲʱӾͳɣţ춯֮һǵǱ߿һĺá
ɫ΢Ҳ̸ĿڣֻС浽Ǳȥˡ
һתӣͷȥ
ϵҶ˿ԼϵΪ˲λôˣȻӵһء
˿֮Уֻð£רѰѼ֮ȥѣΪԣ˾ҸԴٲɣת˴
Σյƣֻ˱˼еġǡ˱Ѽ֮¡
һ·ɱϹȻ裬£ͷԾȻ侲жϣôöǰЩ
ҶŴɭ֣·±ЪϢ˰κֻͷޣһµ㳵·ϻ˹
ϳģȴһʮ塢Ůһ˿ޣθ裬ʮС
ҶһϲضǴլ޻ĹСɽˮģ˵ãֻнһԼˡ̷ȫԾϵ·ס˳ϳŮһջ۵ô
Ҷſ˫ۣ̬ϳ˵ɷģҾǴ룡
˵Ǵˣҿ㲻С͵ǿٲߣСĹıӳ㣡δˣ¶һֻ۾Ҷ´˼ۣȻסһ˵
ϳŮ۾һתҲҶ˼ۣ¶һ˿صЦݡ
лˣҶҲڿ˳ƿСţ˽ȥ¶һ˵᲼õþ¶
СôŪôǱٺ٣Ī׷ɱôһͷ䡢ٸľˣббڽϣ΢ЦעǱʧҶ


829 С
ҶĿɨŮӣͻȻɫһ䣬ǲ̴ͷȥҲȥһۣת³ȴֻŮЦǸ³Ҿ͸Դ
⻰ҶվͻȻӶڵϣҲҶˣϰ㹦Ҳûʣ£ˣͻȻתͷٺٸЦô㡭
ôңĪΪ˭һ΢Цһ۲ĻԸЩҶأܲõġ
һǰԸ񣬱Ҷ㷣ˡʧֻ±ƣ鼱֮£ðǳ³ȥ
⳵ˣȻӵǸСãôҲû뵽ԼȻСһԵᣬԼŲСԹ϶ʱ´Ҷһʱôܵˡ
ʱҶвԩ·խ֮С
СЦڲ˵³̫ôҲҶһۣģһССĺɫƿҶǰϣȫȥһʱڣϵ˾Ӧûˡ
Ҷ΢΢һһЦҿûңȴңǲͼЩʲô
ϻҪͼĶôС椻Ȼĵ
ٺ٣ҲûУҶȴ£οƿһƿҩȥ촽ҩסְƿ˸ɾ
Ǵˣ˵ŷȴϽҩ˵
Ҷҩ꣬С椺ݺݵĮĿУͻȻҪðգҲգ˰ΣһֵȻ㣬һǿɱ㣡
ҶͷЦ㲻ģȻÿμҶĲᣬ㿴ҲݣȴǲοҲûɱҵɡ
ûɱɣΪǿɾʹشˣҲ֪أʱС椱վ˺죬˲ȵΪҲ֪ϴ᳡ǸԵͷӣ㣬ԴǴҾͷģԶĪҪƼҡҾȸͷڳ۾ɱ㣡
˵ôҶЦĴӻͳһͷ׵ľʯȥдƼô벻Ҫ
ҪңС漴ŭޣϴʱ˵Ҫ͸һļҵŮӣΪ֮ô˲Ҫԭ㣬ȴֺңȴδ̫Сˣ
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ҶҪ˯Ҳɣʵںˣû±ҡСеϢĵط
ҶЦԹԣ齶ӦӦ˵սһգ˯
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֪ʲôҶٺٸЦδ꣬ʱ죬ͣ¥⣬¥ڵĲ
ҶתȥֻҡһȣƮȻ룬У˹Ҳʣֲţɫί١
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۲һתͻչЦȥɣǣԺ£˲СǵԴ
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Ҷ졢˹У˵ˣ΢Ѱ˼Ī˹ùǣӹһ٣Űϲ
ԶԶȥļӵıӰЦûõĶֻᰭ˱ֽţ԰գתҶֻҪֶԸԼˣһǱ
˭֪ҶȻĵҪȴߵһǰһ裬ϸƷȴʼղҶߡ
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ҶЦԼϵãϵãЩ׷·飬ǻʸʥгһλʥ棡
ʥ桯֣С椱ɫʧʥ棿䣬¡һͣסֻŭסӣͷ޷ǰڿգȴǶҲ
ҶС޲ɫףֻЦɣôһ趼û꣡˶ֻۣ˳ֻڳԣЦק֣ͷαܣʼ˿
ˣ¶һͨ޲㷣ҶҧҧģҪҵң޸ɣ߰ɣ
顮ߡһôұ˴˵ݣǴ󲻾
Ҷ⻰ЦϼһﾹȻԼ˳ߵļˣ벻֪ӵܡͻɢعˣ뵽ﵭȻΣ
Сӣ㹻ĿһЦ滹ӺСޣⲻ·ˣδˣӵСǰ߳ȴ㿪ʼ
С֪ԼֵǿУҲִУӲͷƤΣһ»ӣɳδһתƮббץѿסС椵
ʱС椺ʹӿһ۾жѣֿܹ࣬һʱʹֹ̣ס
һĻҶĪɽе飬Ҳһ֣֮۸Сʲô£ͣĥүˡ
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㡭Ҷ޷ʩͻȻһӻͳŷƵƤȥдƼôǡ콣¼ԭ벻Ҫ
ҵģЦ˿˫ַϣСŮޣֻһʱˣ
ҶЦǣǣҺš
С˻͸ɣǡһٺõĶҲòˣ
ŮӴ
ҶЦǣǣȴܱͻȻҶһЦƤȻȼ
ңŭһһ㡮ಡĴ˹һץסҶŭȵ𣡡
ҶҲмܣֻǽַڱ󣬳˻Ƥپ󣬲ЦҲûˡ
ŭȵ۶ţüӿŨŨ
ҶȴЦ⡶콣¼ԭҶǰҵģֻһţҲֻһ˽ˣһӶ⡶콣¼һۣôʥȥ
ãСӣ㹻ţĻسЦһ΢һ㳵ֽͣӦΪһľмȴֹͣϣͷ޷ҡҡλγɣĻ˫˫۶ڱǣѪ
Сɫұ䣬־£˫ȶ΢΢
ҶǳһۣƵ㣬˿̾ͻᾲԼĵ˺úûţԺá˯ãΪֻҪһţ˵Ὣǡ콣¼дȻҪɱңֻܱ֤˵ǲᶯдֵġ
ݺһżϺڵϣͻȻ˲пЦЦŵֻҪСҪЮסô
ҶͷЦҡңҪЮ˼ң


830 Ľ
һֵƤô㲻˵͸ôȻյƤЩؾȴǺúõڱֻҪѻԣò
ҶЦţȴ͸һɺ⣬ǧ㣬ôҲû㵽޴ǿԶʩչѻ֮һԼֻʲôܿԡ
Сԣ㲻ô㲻ܣɵӵģ
鿩Ц˭˵ܣҪɵɰ׳գңúűֶΰɣһ̹ĹֱҶͷϡ
ҶȻǼưٳ˿ȴҲ벻ӣСƴ˹ȥΪ˼һָģ鷴һӣͽùڵأЦҶѻ֮̽еģֻܷģѻ֮󣬾Ҫ
Ҷͷ󺹣ȴЦллЩ
ģѻɵӣһҪһƶ죡һ꣬е̹ʢҶֻҲκ˼ҶĶˡ
˻ЦСӦûʲô˰ɣд콣¼ؾ滹ԸλŶâסҶԴһַ´̡
ҶѪΣЦѻһҲ뱾үҲᣬϻĪ˵ְɡЦδˣͻŵâ֪أͻȻɢȥ
շһֽץҶŵƮɶ۾˻ʲôˣ豾棡
أԶŲɵɵƾˣҶʱԶͷһתڣתͷȥƣಡһеӰǰֱ顣
ƼɨǵӰײһȻɢŲ
Ȼ֪ʵԼ⵫ȴЩ飬аתһȣףתſҶɨӭˡ
顱һ澢ཻڼа׹ųռ顣
ʧƺߣ
Ҷ΢в죬ȥֻǰһ˸ߴ࣬ĿݣѪ顣
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ߣǿأһ飬ץҶ׳ȵСҪһӰƿӳҶţʱȴһŮ
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ҶŻϲһͱˮͷ£ϴڶĴ֮أΪᷨӿɲСŮδرö١
ƮڰУЦСӣǴðҹܱ£
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鶢ˣҲ飬Ŀһȴͷ۽΢΢һʹһ񣬲ͱ˰ɹŭѵҰϮ档
ֻһΣ㵽ǰߣָóɾ׶˫ۣҪ
˭֪ǰ鼱䣬һͻȻɢ˿Ҳ֪ȥĶ鲻΢΢һŪǰԭء
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һ˿ܾҪˣʱҲǲ˵۷ͻȻ̧ͷ˹һۣŵ˵ȹܵܵô죿
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ŭ֪˭ˣʥǿߵˣϵ۷ѪˣҲҲһˣСֳѪõı־Ǹߴ۷Ůģãããû뵽ѳˣΪûû뵽ʸĲТӵܣ󣬾ܵ໤ǻ𣿡
һۣһ⹷ˣԴСǿΪʸ嶪УΪϵһˣʥΪȻභ
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ĻӰˣʱ۷ͻȻüŹƵҪҪȥ֣
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عͷֿ۷ߣߣҪǲһ˿ɿסˣ԰գЦβȥ
˱߱ߴжƷжҲ̫Щתۼ䣬֣֮;ľۣưһ·ȥ
ǿ߰ɣȥ۷ŶԶȥǣİΣһչӣȥ
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С椳Ҷ΢ЦҲûˣ
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С΢΢۷Ѫеҡ磡ҶôΪСˣ汬硱֣û
ֲ֪Щԭ磡ƻȻ˵ͷǼһĻֻ࣬Ҫʣʮ˴˵Ź֣
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ҶˣΪ˵գæʿ˭סںδ
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Ҷû뵽һ֮С椸ΪǼȣ˵ôһ֪龹ȻôӣȻϣҶҲٷæʵʿʲôطȥһˡ
ľסڲĹȣǵطѪŽأҵ̫ӣ˵ҲǲŵͼúղأͼһСƴӿռһŵͼݸҶס˶ʿǧҪȥģ
Ҷ֪ԼѪŽأǷŹ棬Ѫ˲·ˣҪܲĴԴ˸мþҶ˶


831 ʿ
Ƶʲô˶мģĻϴξȹҵܹŷƵԶֶǷһ꣬ͻȻվĿҲָɫ
ֻҶһҾ΢Цȣίʵ֮⣬ȴ㲻ҪҼס̫ѣ˶Թĺܣܣ㣬ΣʵʵǷһ
ƺһҳ㣬ȴΪҪлҲҪ㱨ġ
Ҷ⻰ͻȻעŹƣȣȴΪʲô
־ˣѵҪĿģ԰գɫһĮȻ֪⻰ǲ֮
ҶЦˡҷ֮ԣȷﲡֻЩ⣬Ϊʲôң
ƵѵȲ㣿
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뵽̾Ϣһ
ߣСȴļȥҶʿɡ
ҶãһԾ𣬺糣֣⣺ôһ˲֮䣬ȫָˣҲȫȬˣϸһ룬ȻԭôһЩ鵤ҩƵĽƣκˡ
Ҫ֪֮Ϊˣ𺦣ڱȴ࣬ǰЩ϶ʱԣҶѰм
С椼εһԣǰҶǰʵʿסںδ
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԰һƬޱ߼ʵĲԭԭɽΡƣɽ֮УԼԳΣ°գ˼䣬ȴƽϡ
СƿţңָͬɽҵƬ󣬾ǲĲԭĲԭ룬ǲĹˡ
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ӵȥҶЦһѺ棬ֻһ¶ϣǻûӦ֮ʣһһཫ˳ֲ½ƣҲδƵɵش
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С䣡䣡䣡ֻһʮɵĺӰˣ˿ϰ˱ϣƤҲˮֵķ֮˿ȴҲǴѪСףðѪ
СֻҶ󣬾ۼ෭ڲϣȴҶ¶棬Խһ߷ߡ⻬Ȼ꽫С椲߶ʮһӭһ
ħܴѣǳҶˣ˭֪֮ˣһһҶһػһʱ۷ףȥ
ʱҶ֮ӣۼС椲ҪϮħæǰħӴϵһߣС椵һס֣һҰƽˣ


832 Ĳԭ
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С椳ңԺý࣬ʱҶŪһ࣬Ŀѱ棬ʮջȻ˵ħҶշˣ̲סħһߣߵħ߻أҺѡ
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תۣʵ˲Ϣ֮ͣתȦӣصԭء
СЦããҲ棡
Ҷ۹г֮⣬ҲҪһҶ΢Ц˼ʮƬľƬϳĽϵ棬Ȼòϵã֮Щϣ˵֣Ҳɱ㣬Ӧ֪ô˰ɣ
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СʱСͻȻѹ
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͡ȻԶϵʮ׳͵صֱӳҶڳӹȥһʱ䡭ֻϸҶ˶ֱӰ
ҶȻһЦһ콣֣΢΢Ӷ䣬ܷ絭ᣬ콣Զѿ콣һ˲ͻΪ˻ӰѣֻһزҽС
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ڿ˵ˣүΪһͷޣ𾳽磬ûѧˣҶħһۣҲ΢΢ͷ
̫֮ˣʮֲսǿЩ뿪ĺãЩֲȫȻûʤԶͬôԡ
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󣡡ҽдӵص״
ߣ㲻ˡһ꣬ҶѸٷɻأ΢Цħ߰ɡ
ҶӴݵЩеǶ仨ħأϮǵģǻħ̫飬Ҷǵʶ󣬾Ǳ˵صҶ⻨ħҪôһƬϢ϶Ӵ
Ҷ콣λֱһ
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Сʱҷ㻹ͦģˣС΢Цƣ˼ҶУһܵӡ
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˲ĲԭҶħһ·Ҳʵûȡڵ޺ˣħҪΪ󣬾ͷػ
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ʮδǰҶŵ˫ۺͻأҲѣ˯Сô
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ͷǣһӵ󺺴˳Ϊ׵Ķ۽ӣɫһ䡣
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ɱҵֵܣȥɣǳһ쳣ĳͳһ㣬˾ԾʮףЯ֮ͺݺҶڵĳӡ
ǸҵҼСĳʱֻһ·϶ĬĬϳͷкڹһһڸץ𸫱ͷҲ̧ػȥ
ˣͷ氵ɫâʢ
ֻе˫һȻ
㣿ǳԾؿڳ˵ǸͷԼʵӲʥڵߣҲǲ壬ڶԷȻһͷͽˣ⡭
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ҶѡɽߵԲ˼ֻͺͺɽ뱾Ӱӣ
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Ҷ뵽޵Сɢһʣ֪ǿУƵͻֽ񾳽磬ȴһŲ߻ħ󶾾ʿʿȣǿǿֵ֧죬ȫɢʹ
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ͷһСҶڣٶ룬ԾϳҪͷϾȥ
Сʱǰ澹ȻһѶѵİ׹ǣǰ˰׹ǵһЩδõʬаʮˣһ⣬Щֲ
ʬһĹȿڣҶǳͣڹУҶ̧ͷɽһ˸ߴĹȡ
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ҶδˣϮˣȴ˵ζʹҶѪҺһ΢Ĳ̤ҶϣʩȻУֻ۾״Ƶڹš
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ЦЦ׸Ҷһźɫҩ裬ڿУȻʯһʯš䡱򿪣ǰһҶ֡
ҶǰȻ˻δ߽һ͵ľЯǵĺɫĩڲӿͻıʣõҶͷ΢΢һ
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Ҷƻɿ콣ЦҡҡͷаϼһȻЩ̬ҺԼûǿȻһ·ϻ֪жٶǵĶҩڵԼ


835 ū
ٺ٣߰ɸ󣬱ʲôЦЦ߽ʯ֮УҶ΢һҲĸȥ
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Ҷһ𶾾ʿʩֶΣЩȥҲЩˣĻЩжķ羰ת˼䣬ȴӭһɽڣ·;Ѿ
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ͻȻͷ죬ʱɫһ䣬ֻһɫĹ㣬Զ˸ţһͳһӰٽɭ֡ÿٶȡҶһг콣Ȼչǲ𣬼һʶȥ
Сӣˣ֪ɭУ黰δԶһӣһɫХɽһ㣬ûһ޴ĽӰ۶ϣٵĽУ֮𣬴ɳ衣
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ɢ˿˿͸羵Ҷڿ˼ܣֽ֮յ֮Уһﲻֻ˫۾ĵԽԽ顣
ܹΣյľأҶһ˵֮ߡ
ƵʿһöƵܷλߵϢܹ˵ϢµһҲǿԸġ
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ǼݴߵˣԷˡԱϣֻ߽һλˮ֣ŴͰֻŲ˺УС϶ںҲ˫ЦǴûʲôóԵģ˲Ҫ⡣
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С϶ֻǴˣ⴬ҪǶȥҲиĿĵء
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ˣҶһЦҲٶ˵ʲôԳ˵㶫ȥȻȡˡʥ䡷ϸ鿴
Ҳһȥ
˲۾͵Ҷҹùһ˿һиС϶֪Ҷ֮£һ¹شƽͷ֮ʣȫȻ˽룬⵹Ҷû뵽ġ
Ҷоʥ䡷ǰϺ˰졢ļο֮ڽչ죬ʥ䡷ȫƪȻͨ䶾ҩƪĵá
ⶾҩƪڱ¸ֶݣԼ䶾ʣڸֶԵĽⷨҽܹоͨٽ¸涾˵Ǿ֮ס
ڵ񶾣ȴЩ鷳ΪϼһĹߵǼ·ߣҲʹµҪ⣬ͱҵһʥ֮Ϊҩ
ʥ֮Ҷеļ󣬾ֻһֶһҪ󣬵ֶԣҪõֲܵ¡
Ϊʥ˴˵е꣬ʵ벻ƷԴ棬۹ޣҪ꣬ͱȥ۹ȡ
һ֮½ʮңȴֻңܴһ磬ԭ򣬾ңռ½϶һ޶
ݴţҵʥأҲǽڲ룬ʸֻǽʥгһʥ棬ȵҶϴüζڷ
Ϊ꣬ȴҪȥһʥأǾҲôȷ
ֻȥѾͷԿˣһһҩ۰ķ£ЩҩȻܽڵ񶾣ȴʱ񶾣ʹ֮໥Ӧ
ʥ绹ҪãҶҩۣͻȻعͷŴսе
аʱհɡԶ¥ش
Ҷ˵ͷֱӷԸ㲻ʥĺӰͣһֻͣĺӰϰ
ǣˡ¥Ȼԭ򣬿Ӧ
˵ЩҶ½ĿͶ뵽еġʥ䡷֮Уⶫˣ˵ķţ죬õõʱ
ζķ࣬ȻҲҽ֮һʱ䣬Щֲ˼ˡ
ʱǿУһȥ
ˣǰ治ԶĺӰͿԿϰˣϴһȥЩɵˮ·¥߹ڴҶ˵
ţ֪ˣҶ۾̧ͷĿԶԶԼһӰ಻ϣӦʥڣˡ
Ҷ˴ҹɫǣ
Ƕȹգҹ֮ʱҶҹ뿪ǣͨţʥ磬ֱʥѧԺȥ
ʥѧԺŮʮ˺ű֮С
ڴڤ룬ͻȻݶҹ·Ų߷΢Ķ죬գۼǴ£ϡ
ѽһ죬򿪣¶ӣ˭
һϴһèС
ףԭèǺǣιˣ쾹ȻˣǴèҿûˡЦһѴŽϡ
èң΢ЦԺκúιɰСèʱһͻϵЦ˲̡
˭Ļתɢһ˿ֿɻĹâ
˵ȻЩϤϺѧԺϤĺȥˣһʱܼǵó˭˵ҹⶨ⡣
δһ޵Ķߡ
δ顱⼸֣ԥĴ棬ֻҪǹ飬ԼһгɵģȻ㣬СĽ䱸ţͬʱҲΧĶ
ڿǰһһŵӰ󣬽Ϣǣķ׷ȥһĹ򣬾ѾϺѧԺķΧһƬ֮У˿ϢҲǵʧġ
ɣ֪ͬʱڵһʱԼۣΧɶ˸ѤĹâ
һɫӰһ˳ȫں֮Уֻϴɫߡ
ҶȡϵЦСѾͷþò
㣿һĹĵص㻹ǵô
Ҷһ㶣æЦô㣡
ôһǶ֮գΪûЩΪûһŸҡ
滹ҶæִϣЦ֪б𣬲ô룬ҲԲͬİ棬ֺαˣ
ߣеôüһչߣһ°
һٶҶһϣҡδڣæǰǰ档
ʲô㣬㾡۸ң˵ʲôҶˡڽߣĿٿˮ⣬رͷȥһȥ
Ҷ΢ڿд󼱣ȱߣˣҲӦƭ㣬㣬ޣҲԡ˵һ֣ϣһ
Ҷʹѣʱ˻ȥһΣǰ棺˵
ҲҲĨᣬžȻ磬һҶƷ磬ʮ㣬Ҷá
Ҫ̧㣬ȴҶ㲻ǰ棬ȵô


840 
ҡҡɣͺãҶڻ֪˵ȳ˵ѾͷҲʹԼ
԰գֱͦظ۾ڳ򡱵ƣ
ãվű𶯣һٽţȻ鶯˫һ֣һİâҶ˹
Ѿͷ㾹ȻģҶܱžʶɢģƣĸӲӣæ貽
һ֣ͻȻꡯһЦƤ
㲻ˣҶͻȻɿתЦ棬ʵǸ㲻Ů˵˼ˣ
㡭ӡͻȻỨֱת֪Ϊʲôѹ
ҶҡҡͷŮ˵˼纣׵ϸ룬š
һֻۣ̫̾СˣȻѡ㣬Ǿ㽫ôңҡҲ㣬ҲֻǣΪʲôǲʵʵЩ飬˵Ҳġ
Ҷ⻰ͷ΢ңĵ˵ұҶδͻɢˣ֪᲻ҡ˲ƽЩ»˵ЦЦ
ͻȻ˵ҶĻУ§סΰӦңңԶҲҪ뿪ˣϴͻȻţҺ£Ҳˣ
ҶЦĽ汧˻ôҪ˭ܾأ
лл㡣ȸԾĽһȸҶеƺֻһΣֻҪԼ΢ɻͻѹʲôҲʣʲôҲˣֻ˼ҹ˵Ļжһᡣ
棬мҡҶȥĸգ˵鷳
˵ɣ仰üøˣԼڿ԰ﵽˡ
ҶЩЦת˲չգ桭ҼѾûʲôϵˡѸҶԺͽҶҶɣŸŮȴͣĽһ˵֣ǸҲܲ˰Ҷпƣ֪
ţҶ磬㻹ûҪҰʲôˣҶУ˿
֮ʥ֮⣡ҶЦűӣƵ˵ֶ㣬治֪˭ˣ
ʥ֮⣿㶣ͻȻ𾪵
Ҷ˵
Ѱˣü̫ɭϣҲΪ㣬ôܽȥˣ
Ҳܴ˽ȥôҶɻ
ţ˵ͷԥƬ̣һҧҪȥֻܴȥˣ
ȥҶɻ
Ҷһɽ֮УЦҶ̫ɭϣּ⣬κҲܽ룬ҶǾȻʧġ
꣬΢΢һ̯һâѳһ߼İϻӣ΢ЦҶ磬򿪿һ죬͵Ҷ
ҶһЦӹ󲻿չһʧе;ᡭҶɫϸһƣϻйȻɷһϽɫľᣬϵĿռѪƣɼ
ҶæеݻУʲô㱣ĶôˡҶԴ磬Ѿ˽⵽ص顣
һЩĵϵӵܣ䳤Ϊܵ⣬ѡȡһЩرӵܣΪǶסһŶᣬ־᲻鷳ҪĲҲƽҪõһžܵ¡
ЩǶ;֮֮־Ǹ˶еϢƣ˵һ֮УľֻһţҲֻһʹõĻᡣ
ĹЧʲôʱʲôطܵʲôϮʱֻҪһͻȻ㶨͵ȹ̶ѡõĵط
濴Ҷգ̾˿һٳʥ磬ôΣգֶϣҲûʲôôڴ缱˼ҲǵһΪ£ǰ첻ɣǽ˼źĺܣ
԰գֽŵҶС
ҶϻЩ磬üСѾͷֻΪ˽ʹ־ᣬδЩ־ֻһΣԺҪΣգҺ
ЦҶֵĻ£ֻҪҲ磬ͲκΣյģ粻Ҫ˼ˣˣҴӦ㣬Ժû飬Ҳ
ЩҶ΢΢ݣǳɲҲǲס
ȴֻԼĸܣͲҵĸôˣ˵ˣֻССľᣬֲҲûʲô˵ģ෴ܰ磬ѹˡ
⡭ҶӣƻϲΣֻ̾ҪúûţǶҲÿ࣡
ҶһۣſЦãҲԣȥվá֣꣬׳ᣬϹһâʱҶԭʧˡ
Ҷֻǰ΢΢һһٸ΢棬һ⣬̧ͷȥҹâ貣ͷɨӣֻܻݷҷҡӰԶأɫͶ´ΡӰȴĴأɭϡ
Ҷ̲סʲôط
Ժ
ԺסĵطɣҶһֺٺһЦֻкһҶɾͳˣ
һۣЦǰǳˣϧǳһɻͷȻ䵽ͷϣֻһɾûˣ
ٺ٣ͷǹˣҾͲͱˣҶתͷܹǽϵЩȥ
ȥסĹİɣ˵˶٣ֵСĸң󹬽Ķ࣬ɴã˵԰Сߡ
ҶСĸ󣬳ڵ۹԰Уҹɫ˼Ψкһһģҡ
ĹڣվʮʿʮѾߣЩ˵ţͻȻһ㶣Ҷˣѳȥ̫ã˴λعЩȥ֪ʣø֪һˣǸô죿
˵ͻȻ󹬴ˣ磬ǲһƧóԺ˯ȹϼ죬뷨Σ
Ҷҡͷǻ쵰׷ʮаλҶһأһشˣϢҵڣһҪϵ񶾣Ȼҹζࡣ
ԣͻȻɬǸ㣬ʲôʱȥʥأ
Ҷһ˼ЦԽԽá
ǴһٶɣҲø֪һЩʥ飡ϣĿҶʵڲ룬ոռ棬ȴҪֿ
Ҷ˵ͷ΢Цã
һϲ´Ҷһ乬С
һҹ˯ھŵĹУ˵һϵĻҶ滹ĿУ֪˲ٹ顣
ʱת۷ţһܿȥҶԼе棬Ҫˣ
ͻȻһѱסУҲһȥܡ
ҶĪˣԹԵģҡ
ŵӯ̧ͷˣ㣬ٸʥء
ҶḧͷҽʥأֻҵΣգԸҵΣô
һ
ҶһգҲ˶ĺáֻ¡
漸ʹʧҧ촽գҡҡ
ҶһЦģ㲻ģûô׾ʥҲܣҪŵùҲźá
עãĵ㣬㲻ģΪңҲǲᣬƬ̣ڵͷãǰ͸һգԱϣ΢ԣġ
ܿЩһŴӣӨ潫֮Ҷ飬ϵӵݵʥغдõģ
棬лл㣡Ҷ֣صؽӹ飬Ҳ֪ҪĶǱزٵģ֮ڣ˫Ŀ˫ˡ
ˮһĹƣ磬Сһ㣬ָʾǰȥ·ߣ˵֮ڣȻΣգǴ˵е֮أΣճ̶ȸʤǧٱҪиʲô⣬Ļᡭ
ɵѾͷҶذűڻһسǣŵɽˮ˼⣬쳤ϵģס仰һƽģ
ԱͻȻ飬ָʾҶת󲽶ȥûлͷҲһͷ纣ĿйĲȥ


841 ֮
¹£ֻ溬۾Ҷﺬˮ飬ƺ˵Ҷ磬ҪСģΪңҲΪԼҪǧСġ
ʾȻԺֱ֮ضȥ֪Լʱ䲻Ǻܳԣÿҹ۶ȡ֮Լܺײģԣֻмӽʱ䣬ֶ룬ҹδ֮ʱȽȥ
ʱҶԺһ滷ž޴£ֻһ·ССɽУҶĵӦþɽˣȥǰڵˣɭϣԼҪС£𶯾
ʮ·ҶһʯͣʾӦһصֱڲĺһڣ˫ʯڡ
ĴдʼʲôȻһֻҶͷðһİڣҶͷȦӣɢʯȴǶҲ
˴Լһ㹦ҶԽһ˿͵شһһʯڣȻǰƶһʯҲɶһϲȫƳһơ
䡱һʯɽУһʯ֮ڣҶ߽ʯڣʯڹ߻谵·ھҹҲܿܶҶʲô
һ·ֻʯÿɻһյˮƣˮʹö꣬ɢĹâҲ΢ĺܣҲ쾡ˡ
˴ԼҶ͵زȵһͷһԭһ֦ͷ˲ɵľ룬ȻڵϷϰ֧ڿһصĿݹǣصҲ˴ѲҵĳΪ˿ݹǡ
ҶʮɣʮûȴһһǹǹĹâһ֪ճž綾ҶлͼСƹЩҪĶ
ʮһ޴ʯǰֻʯŵ뿿ǲܵģһʮԵʯťҶ̤һȴûаһʮԵİťȥԱߵһСʯ
Ҷַʯ֮ʱֻ¡䣡һܹâһ֮
ͼ޴ʯȴĿˣɼʮ֮Եʯť˶Ŀģ⿪ʯŵ֮Ҷǲüë
һȴҶ˴źֵľȻֻһ⵽ŵĲò࣡
̧Ųֻ߽һۣɢȥҶһڣ˴Ǹƽ̨ǰСԶ
ƽ̨޾գ֮أΨе𣬹â죬ɭɲ
طʥأ󵽵װСүŪʲôطˣҶȼ䣬ȴԶԶһþٲ֮⣬ɴֵĺһ¸ǽ̧ͷʱߵ֦ҶïÿƬҶӷԲɣ̾Ϊֹ
Ե;κӰһʱڵҶĴһ濴Ŀɿڴ
һΪ֮磬̧ͷĿԶǰĴɭ֣һͷ·һͷ׵ĵ̺һ̵ֱߣˣĿϾӣĿ֮⻹мӡ
Լڵ룬Ǹɽܲɽ֮ûʣ֮䣬һɼơ
ʿˮҶԼһߴޱȣһ˿ĵ̲ӣռɢһ㡣
һߴڹ㳡֮ϣòŭ֮磬ȴ۹ĵ
֮УȻγһռ䣿ҶúĿռ䣬ɱǰڻҼĹĹˣȻһ塣
ϾҲûȻ涼֪ڲҶ͸֪˽
뵽ҶҲɵþԼˣԼǰƺķ˺ܾãΧȫû˼ΧܰȫСĹ۲˻֮󣬲ָһ֣صĺ
Ȼӵ飬ӦڣһᣬҶͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҵڵ֮󣬽һգ⹬֮䴩
ɣڲķô˰ٱֹȴҶڲ֪ԼոڵĹȴ׮
Ѳ߶ӸǶţëҶľ绹ԸоЩÿһطоţĸֻ治١
ʱҶ֪֮زǰ״ģԼ֮ȻʱʱбֵΣա
䱸ɭϵһ٣Ǿ֤ԼҪ֮ظֵΧʱָôϹԴʱԼǼԴʱҶҲ˴Լ̫ðʧˡ
ԼҪԽЩѼҶΪ˴Խһ⣬ҺõǱڰӵ˰ʱҳһЩڣ˸Ǳ롣
֮Ǳ룬ȴȻûȫܿеĶĿοԽǽڰǱȥʱǱλ׮ˣֻҶٶȼ죬ֻһʧЩΪۻűһ鷳
Ҳڲ֮У˭ҴɣЩػû˴飬ҲƽĲ̽и˲١
Ҷڸ֮СĵǱţ֪ʱϿյ¶ҲɬضƲ֮Уֻһ
Ҳ·״ʱҶΪӪһʮʺǱеĿռ䡣
¶ٴ˸˵Ĺ⻪ƲƮʱҶվһƬİӰ֮УƬһ޴ı̺ڵصĽڵءۡ
ӦþĽˡҶȡУʱһ׹漱ȥ
ĺˮȻֿ©һֱͨͨĵˮףˮ֪жͨԶȻǱֱ£ȴһͷҲڰ͵Ȼ⿪ġ
Ҷ룬һ·ͽˮ֮ͨС
Ҷںˮ֮пٳľ޴ͨ̾ͨ޴ΧǽھȻǽˮ۵γɶˮˮ֮
ʿϸСɫһţҶĿ÷ɫһƬӨĺˮζ֪Ҳ
֮ͨҲǰ߶Ȼһ͵ס»Уޱȣܲһˮѹÿ½һ֣ȥ·ͱˮ
ȻֶΣҶа޵Ȼܽõ˵زĬĬƣ붼İٶɣľ̾Ҫ֪ˮнͨɲ½صɽ֮УˮںܣҪôһͨķֱ֮
½ȻֹסˮͷһƬ޴ɫӨĻסȥ·Ǻˮ۶ˮĻûһ˿ʣһƬ
ʲôγɵģҶզһ
ɫӨĻ治֪ӳ˶ٲصĽ󷨣飬ػˮ磬׹磬ֻҪǿнɫĻҶĽƱܰǿн֮˴ûɢ
ҶСȡ飬Ὣ֮ˮĻ֮УȻ֪ˮĻȻǸ³ʲô©ˡ
룬֮ˮĻϴתʮɫϼˮĻпѣ¶һ߶һɵŻҶϽ飬һͽС
ǰһһ޴ĵƾƯںȫһ͸ӰΧȫѺˮ˽ɫĹâϣе淭ڡ


842 
ϸһ⵺쾹ȻѾˣͨϵĺǳۣĿŭĿӣĿ֮
ǰ΢㣬һŭ죬һϵľ⵺ɢŨ֮ҶȲѣҪԼǰȷȻὫ֮һ
Ҷܿʹ˹
Ľ壬ӦþˣҶһεĵطƿ֣档
ǽ֮Ҷе۲ĵؼʥıﰡ
ҶͷųһֱĳɫУ˫ֲϵı־ȫȡꡣ
СһӲСȻҴ굺ҶдϲΪ񶾴ʱȻһһһ䵭ȻĴ˶䡣
˭Ҷһ䣬Ȼֹͣȡ꾫ȻתӥĿһɨӣȴδְӰ
ˣͷءҶΪֻǴ֮ʱһĮ֮ٴκޱ߼ʵĴ
ͫһҶĿ⣬Ȼ֮ͣϡ콣뽫˾͵ؽΪ֪˵صĿ£ȡ¾ôй¶ȥ
˭ôҶǿסͷľѽŬԼƽΪʵ
СһﶨھȻܱ侲ֻͷϿһ󲨶ͻȻһĵĴ󶴣һӰԺӰлֳϧ˽굺
ҶҲƲòֻڰ֮䣬е֮
ǵ֮УҲʧȥǰϡ
Ȼ򲻻˵֮𣬵£ţһֺ磬ȻֱҶüޡ
Ҷһδ˵콣֣һ˹ȥ
̧ͷһۣŭη񱲣Ȼҳ֣һӣһâ۾㣬ֱҶš
Ҷһδһɾӿ˹ǲֵܵһյʮɿ⣬Ҷ֪ʱһ֪ǰ֮ΪԶԼҲòƴһԵڵأַ𣬺ϡ
ߣǶлδ֮չҶٵ𣬵ιһδݳԶԶ˿ȥһαһεء
֪ųһص굺ȻǺôģԼһˣΪȻ桢˼飬ԼȻһҲδеùǰ֮ˡ
һ֮䣬Ҷң쳤̾һҲ
ƾΪҲǿ굺ǻˣʱ˲ŴǸĺڵĶпһϮݹ⣬뷢ᣬƮݣȴֲִɿ֮ϡ
Ҷһæץ콣ֻҪһһȴȣǰҪδΣСӶΨǴӣҷ
Ҳδ뵽ͻȻ˵Ҳһ˲Ϣ֮Цһ֪ΣȴûôġЦ֮˶ģʵˣ
Ҷϣϸ˿˵òͻȻ䣬һŷơơͬʱ˾ȻƣͻȻ̲סϵùŷƣ
ƺһ𣬵ƣ
ҶɫһϲϺųĹơ
૵񡭡ٺ٣û뵽СӵҲûϷϣ˳ͷ΢΢Щϲ˰ΣͻȻһϵӣ
Ҷϵá
˿ҲҲôѲȻдǼ
Ҷ̾ϢһѲ³˭ˣǰС˵Ƶһ£ֻЩ룬ȴһС˵ΪҳߣԼϵִҲ֪ôģֵһǳصĵزʹ飬գĴӴһҲ븸׼档
˺󣬹ŷҲһգ뿪ߡ
ҶҲ뵽ڵġҡôһңΪˡҡȻҪԼϵֵһĵزڿǰˣ֪
ԭڵļңȻ굺ֻǲ֪⵺ϵкأȻڵ֮ˣȥ
޾ŹƵϵ־ϲˣȴֲп
ȴĽ˵ˣ
Ҷ̾Ϣһδȴʱʱ̿˼ңֻǡֻ˼Ҳ֪굺֮ء
һ𣬵㡭֪ң
ҶȻһЦǰദһʱǸʱ򣬾Ӧ굺ϵӰɣ
˵ȻǰԼƲ˳ֻۣǿĿһеİЩҲǰԼæ˴¼ûա
뵽ͻȻ콣ǰ
Ҫ
δˣҶѹ׵СӶɹȣ˴μˣȻҪ˼Ҹ
˫ĿԲǾ㾿˭֪˭ҪΪҰ˰ݣͿ
ҶЦС븣Ҳʽ飬ֻǹƶСʵж׻˵ծӳӶܣ˼ңԵл
ͻȫһѱóɵĴ֣һץסֻãҶֻֻһ㣬֮ǿԼƽδ
οҶΪʥ磬κ֣֮Ѷֱ֮Ӧ˭ѽץסġ
ȴӰֱٰץסҶҶʼ죬֪˶Ȼѿ񾳽磬ȻһץеģҶȻþͭ졣
˿̾ҲЩܲ˴һץ֮ȴҧסһüͷƲţĿעҶ
ҶҲ̧ͷ˫Ŀй⡣
Ż֪˭ˣ
Ҷ˵С֪˼˭ˡ
૵ҲݶֵܣݶΪһĿˣˣԼĬϵֵܣǾԲ˳ֵģֻСһ԰нΪֵܣҲǲ˵ġ
Ȼ䣬ԶһХһĹ֮ѿڵǾȻҲˣɫ΢ԼǾ
ֻģҲʲô
ɭɭްһֻˣȻҪ˻꣡˵ԽԽùɭɭ
νˣ׼겿֣Ӧֵһˡ
ɭͬ굺ػߣôϻĶ֣ߣ
ݷ˵Ҫҽˣ
ǰƶ˴ڶ಻֪Զǽ˵٣֮ȴִ
ֻһȴ˷һͻȻһХֱ֮Ȼƶ
䣬أֱҶľսҲ벻Լһ֮УȻܼǿߣҲ̫Լİɡ


843 ˼ҵ˼
۹·˷ͻȻһδأѵ߳
˵ҶǸȥ߱ߵСӾһˣ굺ôôǿߣ
ҶԱϣѳҲįζ㲻˵⻰ˣ׻Ĳ굺ػߣδʼĲ֮ˣóһƶݶΪܲ⵺ϵļįң
˵Ҷһۣŵ⵺ѵ˽ÿ굺ˣһĲ֣֮èӣˣŻȥ
ҶһֱðЩһ¶Щ񾭲룬ҶһƬڣÿһŻһϱһʯբ·ϡ
Ҷղǰ򾲴ݣƮݲ˿ȴ˾ʧ룬Լ֮ˣΪ̲߳࣬סʵĲеǼ
һſڵ겿𲿣
Ҷ̾Ϣһδ𻰣ͻЦ浱ǣߺߣ˭ˣҲ塣
ҶȻ£ΪҪӣ
Ȼһ̾Ϊ㡣
ҶΪҶӣô˵Ҫˣ
ƶݶѵиֵܣҲǷ粿λĲ֮ף䲻ǣǸ֮Ϊʵ̫ǿ֮ԹҲϾʱҪ˺㣬кΰ취ֻȴ㵽ȫ֮أ
Ҷ̾ллѶΧﻹʲôȫ֮أ
Ҷָ֮ȥͻǰһȻʣ֮ǣɽˮ·绨һ塣
ԭ֮УһߵʯʯͷһƬزˮԼ
ȥб̲ԣɽһƬɽɫĿ
ߵǰ棬һŷһƬˮŰɣ̲֮ϣҲмֻ׶측䣬һСķƯˮϣֻǷɴʹˮ棬˭ҲƲ
ֻƼһ̴һ֮Դɢ뵼䣬ƽ
ҶԾ֮䣬ȴ쾹ѹݵɫ࣬һֻߵס
ҶΪα˹ԲΪ֮һԭĸסǹŷƵ̡
ֻǷ۷ˮɴУѴŮӵʲôöѼȴĮǴĸ԰˵Ļ
Ҷòһ׿ڻһסص֮ⷽûаϵҲ벻ĸס
˼ңֻǡ
ʮǰƶݶ֮ʣľ̤´һҲˣѵô
ȴһ棬ֻ򡭡
Ц֮ʱ㽫֮ʣѰƶݶҽ޼֮ʡ
뵺ȥѰƶݶ
ֻδţӵһۣƶݶҲ¶ģȥɣ仺ȴֲɶҡļ֮⣬ɴҲɼλԹŷǶô۰ˡ
֪ѾأȻʧ֮ɫվˣȥˣͻȻ䡰ಡһҶ֮죬Ѹ
֪ҶۼһȻ΢΢һЦֻܲһһҶУҶ𣬵棬絶Σֱֱ׹˺ףһʱ䣬ֱ͸ףķˣ˱˹ȥ
λСֵƶݶϵĵ֣ĸװɣ˵գ̲ס᳤̾һչ˳ȥ
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Ҷ֮ʱǶֻһ󵭵֮
֪챦Ϊ㡱ȡ㣬֮⣬߹ϰķʱȼһ㣬°빦֮Чǿһôת
Ҳֻ֪Ҫĸ֣ܳҶĸҲлػ֮ĸײϳ֣ҶҲӵˣΪĥĺá
ҶȻµһЩȴû뵽תͷĸ࣬ʱֻǣѼ֪뷽洹ɴ֮С
˻ۼҶҪɱ㣬ȴ㣬ϧƴһҪںףԼģô˫Ҷ֪ĸףŷƵ̣־ϲ
λУȴܽԼƣ˵Ŀ磬µ֮ǵѣ˵仰ϢΣܽӵ˴ȣˮ֮󣬱ᣬʵ
ֵ֪ˮУҶὫֻƶݶֵܣȴܼˣô
ҶϷ񶾣Ѵ굺ȴ֪⵺ôգС֮ܣʱԻΪͨл֮Ŵһ֮롣
㵹˵ٻ漴
Ҷ˵ЩظǸɷﴭĿЪϢ˰Σ̲סſλ˵ģ
ǰֻضפòˣ֪һ֮£ͷ̴һ
ɴй߻Ұ뵣һӰɢܿĵòҶᶯݣԾȴɫֻǰ̾λ˱ɫ֪˺طȻܻ
ͻдϷ˻ʲô֣ƶݶʶģ
Ҷ֪ҪʲôйӦˣ㽫ԼԼŷʶľ򵥵˵һ飬ǰԹŷƵĿҲһֲ©ı˳
˭֪Ϸһߣᣬ˵ȴҲǰȻƶƵôͲһʱŭɱô
Ҷһ˶٣ſڵϵΪҪɱСӣ練ƣСӲ˵ʵϷȴǾ޴ǻۣ֮ͨˣֻһԲʵҲܽ˼Ƴһֻдֱԡʵˡ
ϷĮ֮΢ů⣬ֱʵԣȡ֮ϣм
ҶҴ𻰣ֻ΢΢
Ϸ˵㻹ܶ
ҶϲĵϷĪѿϳȣ
Ϸ˵֣֮ضԴ굺ȴˣƶݶ϶ֵܣҼԵҺôһ˵
Ϸ԰գͻȻһӿһƥ̴ʱлһֻӨ͸ƣסҶͷУֱͨľҶһֱͨĸ
ȫƣ˥˿̵һ֮ԴԴУˮ齻һ㣬ȻѼ
˰ΣⱾƽ֮ƻһֱֱӭ񶾣ҶپȫҲѡ
֮£˹࿹ȻԼⶾģ˹࿹һδת꣬ȴһԭǷ֮˲ϢѻУԭеһ㡣
Ҷϲ֮£ҲϸڻѸ죬æ˹ɢһǵ𣬷ƸǿҶ࿹֮ҲԽԽǿԽԽǿԽǿҲ֮˷Ҳ֪˶á
ҶܽΪԼ֮ãԽ죬ԼҲԽ죬ԴԴһҶǹΪУҶǿ
Ҷʱǿɽѩһ㣬ԽԽ
˳ǹȻøȲǿ֮ĩɳ־֮󣬸޷Ҷ֮
Уֻһ˵Ŀɻƶ죬ɺףת
ԭ⣬Ҷ翴յĹŷƣ˾ȻΪֵܣƷӦòԹŷƵԸ棬ȻǲǿС
ʱҶȻȻҶͻھ磬Ϊһ¥Ҳȥ֮󣬸õŷֵܡ
˵˼ǳ֮ܶ꾫֮ȫҶУϴ


844 
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ϲ֮£ллϷˣһƣȴһ˿Сһ࣬Ǵһ󼱴ٵĺ֮
ҶϷˣû°ɣ
ãϷͻȻЦˡˡȴѱü΢Цʵغˮһ
ҶһЦǿ߲ʹͨܣ
Ϸ˵Կ
Ҷ̫󣬲ΥŵʶЦ⣺Ϸ˽ҹ̫ˡ⶯ֻ΢΢ˮ֪ˮˮôô
ҶһͬСɣſڽ࣬ǱԼʮɵˮˣԼ۾
Ϸ˵֪ԼֽΪˣ
Ҷ֪
Ϸ˵֮Ϊ壬Ƴʥ˰벽ֻ֮Ҫܶ׽٣˳񣬳Ϊһǿߣǿߣ䲻˵˸˫֮ϣܼˡ
ҶĿɿڴ಻֪Ǿϲ˰Σ꣬Ȼݷڵأһᱨǰ֮ġ
Ϸ˵Ц񣬹˰Σ̾ƶݶҲڴˡСһǷİ˵Ϸ˲ŵŵǵϲ֣̿ЩģοƶݶڣҲ⡣
ҶصὫ깦á
ϷһЦҲòƶݶϵֵܣȻҲҵĹ̵ĵһμ㣬ȻҪͼˣڲҶ
ҶҲ̫Щ롭ʷˡ
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Ҷͷһֲ֪Ǿϲګګ̡̣˵֣ԼҲ֪ʱһô˼ֱо֮£ҲĪڴˣ
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Ϸ΢΢һ̾Ϣ̾Сʵܣܴ˿ȴܸ㡣
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Ϸ˵ãֻ򡭡ֻ˿ȫȶԼ磬򲻿Ϊ·ģ벽񾳽磬Ⱥúȹ̣һʧܴͿܻº󻼡
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ˣôЩҲˣҶһϲԣһԾϸߵڰգȻ߳ݶʮɣҶû뵽һȻôߣһʱʣƽһʧֱֱ
ʱ̤ɣֻͣһȶɣ˴һ
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⣬ЦԾ֮Ҳԭﵽ˰벽񾳽磬ûԭҲǴΪ㣬ˣԾ֮ʱ˫ϥ΢ȫ塭
һֽͣοתۣκԾ̰գ˵ⷨ԰գ
Ҷǣڷţ˶˫ϥ΢һһԾȥƻڿƾȴҲת磬ϲ֮£еˣˣ
һڣй㼴䣬Һ׼˫Żֱ£ûʲô̬
ЦСһǵΣҪ˵ȵõϢɣһûѧᣬߵʮˡ
ҶǣǣСֶ֪ˡԾƮڰУȻ˼£ȴδ£ҶϲȴҿڣڵķǰԾƽࡣ
ͣһռϣ߿նһ֮£ԾףʱϢǴ˳ֻ㣬ԽԾԽԶúһԾܺԽףڰУɵ־ϲ
ֱʱǰȥҶУæϣһʱֻ굺µ֡׷һζָоޱȡ
ԽԽߣһᣬûƶˣ֮Ҳ޼Ѱ˷һٷʱ֣ŴҶһɽȥ
ɽӶһبߣһͷɽ壬۵⡣
Ҷ˿죬ɵ궴ڣ
ЦֻͷҶĪ˷Լǰӵ⿴Щɫ壬꣬Ϸ˶޲ڣ϶й֮ȻһʹᣬݣŨ
Цԣ궴֮أҷһ㣬֮ԴһڣɽͱͨɽŨǧٱܹɢǧ֮⡣
ҶΪ̾ɽѾõɽˣҲõ֮طɽǿ֪Ȼ鴫
ɽϿգҶ콵˸߶ȣٶҲ࣬ɽɽһķͻأ𣬻Ķվȴ;ɽ׳䣬ɽɭܲ󽭴Ӵ
ǰ֮ʱ굺񲢲ֱ˿Ҷ֪ԭ⵺Ǭڵⲿģֻֻþ
ԽɽԽߣǧ֮Ѿ׸߷壬ɽѩһٲҪŨò˼飬ƺۿڿƮݣеˬľƽ͡
Ҷھ޴ɽ˽ţ


845 
еĶɽһȻܶڲȴɲ⣬ıһʯ̬죬Ρޡɽɭ֡ǧٹ֣δţͷ׵Ĺ⻪Ҷۻҡ
һͨһȻһ£󣬲İƽףұһСˮأðһȪˮڣһȪ
ҶϲǣŨܵЩԶóһСɫڴĴƮţԼߵʯ궴ѳǺǡ
Ц⣬Ҷڴȡһٽ벽ľȶ
лǰȫҶм
ԼˣûҪ쵭һЦˣһ㣬궴УֻҪͺãмǲⶴĴ߶
ҶһʵΪʲô
Ĭһᣬŵú궴еȪÿݽһΣȪ۽ðһˮˮԣԵСܾţʱ٣˴ν֮ʣԾ֮ʲԶˮ֣򲻿ɾȻ¾ѳ굺ˡˮ忴ÿγˮֻһСƿˮķͨ󡢵ҩЧãЩصģҪǴˮȽ߷£ɼĽ١Ӧ֪ΪﵽҪ񾳽磬ͱҪ٣׺õĽѶɣεģ벽ǿ߶ܵ£Ľεģʮ˾ŲɣĽٿ˵ɱ֣ԺٸǱ̬ǿϡٵĸԭ򡣡
˵ţͻȻ죬棬ɫ죬˲ָ糣ҶһЦҳȥѲʹˡ
Ҷļ򣺡չأİɣûšˣϣ´μȶˣסﵽ벽񾳽ȫ׼ǧҪ٣ȹۿ˶ɽΣʱĽ뽵Ӧ磬¶
꣬ת˶
һߣҶһεʯ棬ͷϷһϹ󣬾ͱĿ붨ȫȡε
ΧžһƬͣľǰδе
ʱ۾־ϲϲǣԼΧ鲼˽ɫȻѾȡ˱״̬ǣһΧȻ漣һˡ
˵ĳҶ⣬ͬʱҲе㵣ģⶫԼʲôΣɣ
ףôֶ˸ˣԼˡҶͻȻһԴЦ
ԭǾϵԼȡ۳ʵʺγɵģҵ˳ֺһ롣
Ҷϲܹʥʵʣ˵Լȡĸ֮
ҶͶ۲ѣֻԼʵռûпɱԣҶвŲòռһھȻԼ޶ȵȡ֮ǻӶࡣ
еɱȴ½澫ʥ̫࣬ҶĪãԼԴǿ侲ֹ̫ۣϾԼڱ˵ĵϣʱضΣգٽһɸľˡ
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֪˶ãеŨҶ̰˼ڣֻˬͻȻһ뵽֮ǰˮ֮£æлع̾ˮǾ䣬仹δټɢѾľá
Ҷϸעмˮı仯ͻȻĳص͹һ飬ֻգۼ䣬гˮйϹ˸ȵϹɢʱҶĿתؿųжȻֵ𺳡
Ҷеʮ־棺Ҳ̫ˣһߣϹ֮壬ȻҪֻӦԵɡ²쿴ǰȴ˿
ҶεҡҡͷƮԲм䣬ڰ۱ߣʮÿһ񱭣²ϵĵһְɫţ̰ʣ·ֱʮӨ͸СӽҺס
Ҷ촽Ŀ̰ǱеҺ૵ӦþֿԼĽٵˮˣСүɽڼȣǲǽ˻ᣬȡһЩ
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ҶĿת⣬ʱû˸ϵʲôɻ䣬²˳٣ͳһֻƿкηӦֱЩ˵һУҺˮ΢΢˼£漴˿
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ҶϲЦȻڲͬǺǣ𣡡һȣҶ붯Һ建ϸСҺ֮˿ƿС
ȵһҺȡʮ֮һʱҶɫǵͨ죬ͣ΢΢Ϣһᣬƿ壬һǰҲȡʮ֮һҺעƿС
ԴƣʮУȡʮ֮һҺ壬಻٣ҶոշȥһҺЩˮӦùԼֵĽˡ
ˮȡ꣬ҶĨȥͷĺˮ̾ô㶫û뵽ôأšֻЩˮȻͺС빦Ҫ֪ڵǰ벽ǿߡ
ҾȻֻǰ벽ȫҶţʱʵѲһǿˡ
ŻڵŲͣҺ壬ҶԴĲ⣬̧ͷȴٵɻѵϸ۲Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ밼۲ǴֱԶ
ҶεҡҡͷСүαȥţǼ⣬֮ȣǸϽ뿪ΪûԼȥˡ漴Ʈ⣬һתҪ뿪˵ء
˿񶾾ȥֵˮ߳Ŀġɸ߳ҶͻȻɫ䣬һʧ˿УڶֳҶӰ
ʱɽȶһɽʯϣͻȻ˴ȺӰףʵȴʥڵΪͷһʦλǿʵ
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ղűҪȥˣ
ϰԵȷſʶӦܵȻ׼
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ڶڵʱȫˣ
ⶴҲ̫˰ɣ
տĴھһԶصĵطûУȺ˵ļƣ϶ǳŴ˴ˮģϣ˼Ҳ˴Ǵˣ
ʵҪ˵ûеطȥġ
Ҷǰ봦һӣлˮӦסΣֻЩˮںأⲻͣĴųȵʪ磬ʵôˮ
Լȥֻôĺ뵽ЩҶԥһֱûȥҲʵطɶ㰡
ǰԽԽĽŲҶļǣͷ亹ৡӿ˳
Ⱥתۼͻ˴ʱһҲܵˣҶ뵽п̾һ£һҧٶ룬һԾ˳֮С
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ȴҶеĳˮȫ۶Һ壬һ룬ʱһʯͶˮУӦֻҶķӦǧ򱶲ֹ
㶵Ƿ츲صĽɫҶȻ˺Ƭ̣ɫһ䣬յĶͷģãҪˣ̫çײˣ̫çײˣӾ֪ҲƵأ
ҶԾӣ񱼣ͻȻһͣ


846 
𣿾Ȼ˺˵籬һǿҶϷлתһͳǰ
Ҳ밡ΪԸô䶯ҶԼǰ߲ѵ죬һεʼ
ӸողŽȺָôĶС쵰ôźãһıֿڵȻһҶһٶòᡣ
Ѿˣҿô˵ҶһûŭһƵķʵ
ڵÿ뿪гע⵽ˣΪطô׽ǵӪʱҪǷƾģͽˡе
ڴˣη󱲣Ȼ궴ͻȻ֮һɻذصĺɽ֮⣬һд˲γˡ
ãû뵽ξٶȻע⣬ɫһ䣬һץסҶĸ첲ֱڿն
Ǻķ굺з۵ҵķУҶĿӹº󷽣ĿȴʮӰԼղڵĵطɶȥ
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ˣˡҶ˼˼֮ʣץסҶ첲ͽȻһɣתͷҶ˵
һߴǧɣײƽ׵Ĳ޷壬޷Ķһǧƽ׵ƽأϷһһֲ֪ĽɵĻ
ǴţߴʮɣһЩɣⲿȥûһ塣
ŶǶ޴׭֡
ȥɣڿ鷳ˣЩ쵰ɲʲôˣ˾ɱҲܱ¶һоֻܿˡһʱֶΣ׷ʱһˣܷͿѵıˡʹӴŽȥȥתǰףܿǴǸ󣬰еܴˣص㲻ǹ̶ģ߰ɣ
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ˣһĴϵ֮ף굺ϣ˭Ҷ֣߰ɣ̧һţ㳯Ҷ˹ȥ
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Ҷһæʮɣ̧ͷĿ͸˿˿âǰֻһı棬һ˳
ҶĿϸֻһ׾ңܿͷ˱ڣɫ߽ۣ
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ʱҶͷתû뵽Լϴ峤ûбˣֻѾΪʵ
Ҷʼ˼Լܹӹһ١
ϼһʵǿϷƣҶе㻳ϼһﲻǲѾ񶥷ľ磬ԼҲҶ˲֪Ϲභʤ㲻
ʹʱԼתҲһܹӳϼһ׷Ͼ˼ʵԲǻ˵ġ
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һʵֲ峤Ŀǰʵ붯Ͳܹ֮濹⡣
ط붯ˣԼҲֻǶȻѡ
ҶüͷŴӳֺһֱû˵Լ߽ĵ£Щ
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ҶȻ֪ϼһ˵ЩʲôҲ˳ŵµĻͬʱȫ䱸Էٴν¾Ҫ콣ˣѵֵ
Цһ˵˵ͻᣬСһҲǫʲôһЩҪ㡣


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Ҷ΢΢һЦæǰ˵棬ǰû˵£ҪǲţھͿָҵʹñ֮Խϵᡣ
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ҶһԿŵ´Լѹһ߰룬ԼܱɹĿǰϼһڲֳƿԼδƴùοϼһﻹбһԼôֽ֪ˡ
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ߣ㣬Ȼҵһؽ׷Ҫ㣬ٴɢػǡ׷ߵͳԹҶԺȴ֪ҶΪҲһؽ׷Ĵۣ˿ҶҲʹĵѪˡ
ڵҶȴҲǹ˼ˣһбΪϡ
ܺãһ̡Ҷһ˿ЦʶעȫǸ׷ߵϣԼҪľ⣬ֻдԼлᡣ
׷߲Ҷʱ

Ҷ˶һƽߣɲǣһ˿ߣٳϷӳţȿʼʩչٶȻҪʮٱǰ׷һգۣҶȫʧС֮ˡ
ٶȡߣҿܣ׷Ȼ㶣Ͼͻָ˹һֱ뿪ԭ
󴦡
ԼѾȫ¶ˣһͳȥԺ϶ȥ޻صģʥǾԲٴˣûдﵽ񾳽ǰԯҲܴˣԼԺӦúȥδӣ
Ҷԥ֮ʣ䡱һһߵؾ죬һ̧ȥֻǰ׷׷
ôߣ׷һŭȻҶ֪д֮£еѽзŭ˭Ҷ⴫֮µġ
Ҷְǿ֮ʱ׷ȻɫһСӣ˭⴫ʹ֮ģҲûʲôϵˡ˵˻һ֣һɫâֱҶ
֪ʽߣһʱ䵢ģʱ䣬㹻Сˡ
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ĹһҶһڣͱһƬ⻪һƬɫĹĻȻڹ⡣
Σ׷һ㶣ϾɫĺȵСӣ㷨٣ȻԱһҵҪжٷɱ
ȻһӣһƬɫĹ˿пӿİɫĻȥ
ꡱɫַ˼ڿˣɫĹĻ˿
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˲âĴͨɫ΢΢һ䣬ͻȻŭʮ񣬿ռӡ񣡡
񣿲Ϊ˶Ըһ벽ļһ㾹ȻҪַӡԣʱѸ˹Ժüͷһ壬Щ㵵ĵ
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ֻҶѿҪŵӰڴУȻͻȻͣĶͣ·Ҳһˣһطʱ䣬ͻȻֹͣˣҶʹʱֹͣĿռС
λǿߣһǿԲɵϷӡ󷨣гˣʱ˿̣ȻѣȻʲôҲˣַӡ󷨾ȻʱҲܷסҶʲô취
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˿Ǹﵽ񾳽ߣͷȴǷһ˼̾Ϣҡҡͷ߲ʹЦξޣȾɱ֮£һ
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͡һѪѪȻƮɢ޴߲ʹ֮ƣҶ󣬾Ѹɢ
ǲתĿռƬžҶ
סҶģպһٻģ˻ƵЦĨȥ񣬻Ĵ޾ɭȻĴõøո뿪Ѹٶݻصĵµɫ䡣
ǼһΪлôҶɭȻ˻ͫ΢΢˸Ц˻ɱ֮ܲҲһ˶ѣк塭
ϣ˰ɡ̾һ۾ĶסǲתڶȻ֪ĹдеĨȴõЩڡ
ҪСӵһȵ֮ʱ¾壬ҲԳı
뵽¶˾ģȥ󣬾½׷ɱҶòˣǲҲܳ׷ӡʵûʮϰ깦ȥ
ˣҶھûҲһͨҲûһߣҲҪӰֻҪҶҪ½֮ϣһ


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һƬãã޼ʵˮտգɫƶеУˮ浴಻ϵ˳
յ֮ϣȻһâ顱һ촫һӰˮУһƬ˻ڰлӰһѪ
ˮ֮Уǳ֮СͬʱѹҲǳűܼѹҶֻʶԽԽģһɲǣԺĸоһӴϮ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã֮Уƺмǧ֮ãƺֻжݵһ˲䣬л㱣һ
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ҶֻǸոһ;һת˫һ֫ѾȫʹˣҸովʱһĵʹȻһ˹ȥ
ڻԵһ˲䣬Ҷ֪ԼʹһɵĺټϵʱܵʱǼϲļػҲԼ˾޴˺
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Ȼʱ߲ʹǽҶڣֹųܷɱһУҶڻԵɺ£ȴǶζˡ
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ƺǲԼȻı仯ڻеҶ͵Ĳ˲ǽյȻ૳˻ƵȻʥأȴӡʵ
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ʱҶϣȻһţǿŽ̽˶ֹӿƷ˶ˮӨȴʵ̫ˣҧһڣҲҧڶڡ
꿴ҶôǺЩ
ҶͷֻǳԹ˶ӣѰЩԲźã˶٣Ҷڵûо¥ջ֮ĵط
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ҶСлԽԽȤˡ
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ҶЦ˵Ķ࣬ϧҪ֪ģЩ꣺ˣĲ˵ˣ˵ŪԵľˡ
ס˶٣ڵ˵һôΣЩɶĹ壬гкȣܻúúõģ
ŶҶоһ૵Ǿͺðˣ
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ڴʱֻýŲ첻ϣҶͻȻǱߵ²ѣͷ촽µ˵֣ģҹûһ¶ǣЩƤݸţСӾȻҪˣϸƤ⣬ʷ۵ģҲһˡ
ҶЩ˶ͷһ㣬ֿ죬ǿɲæСͷ§ڻС˾ţܴ̼ˣܶɵˡ
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أͻȻȺȻģʱ䣬ľ׷ױѣ𣡾ҶҲһ
üһʲô࣬Ȼû޵ϢӦҲǲҶ̾ͬʱ֮ûЩ˽йηԼҶЦе˼ھȻЩͨ࣬ҲҴԼˣ̫ˡţŵʳܷŹˣ
ʱųм˻ͷһۣ̲סʧǡ˵꣬ȻѰνţΧȥ
Ǽ˺ǡ֣ʱ˶ͷһۣһ˶Ƶޱȣ̲סҽһǡаվѼ˫һӣеߡߣˡħˣħˡ
˴󺰴У񣬵ײײǰɱЩ˲СĴ˻̣·Ҳפ㣬̼䣬˾ȻʧƬ֮С
ҶǸȻûߣ˿ȴҲɫҰףȫѪɫ૵ӲȺǡһһӲ
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ɽɽ²Զһ׵׵ĴѵĺԼԿԶɽΡʵĹűűͦһѱͷյֱָ̣ɫ񷡣
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һۣ̾ǰ˵˲㣬ܻģ˿µļڰ
ʱҶֱ΢üͷԶɻʲô
Ҷû⣬ߵƺˣ񻹲٣ʲô
űʲôֵģƬ½ʹûֹͣǻ˿Ա˭ڴʱԶ˻Уֹ֮ȴһɽϵĹűƹɽţɫ½ⷽ
ǰһɫëƤںڣȾɫʿִë׻ʿһƥҷ֮Ǵܽʿ͹֣ͼͲеëӳʮҫۡ
ҪˣҶֻųС֪ǻ˳ԲԵ£԰գ⽫Ŀɨһڡ
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Ӷֶ࣬ǰһսʿƬ̹סţȻ潣ʿۿֵסսˣʿ״ٽ죬ŭȵҪһ
һֽƶʱɢХһǽʿΪףɱƾƥѹ̿ͣʮؽԲ֮ʱǡһ¶Բ˾ٽһ޲۽ɣͷ­ؽɨԾ·ѪȪ
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ʥǿߣʿܴɣҶǾ֣ò״ӵҲҶǹԶ񱼶ȥҶɱˣҲȥˡ
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еʥҶ֪ʲô·ƽΣұ֣²⡣
ʱҶԱߣҧҶ֣˵ЩʲôǣӦóûҪЩǮŹʵʣȻˡ
ҶСŮһۣ˳ǣŪԵôˣұǺгкȡżСҪתǡ
ǽʿһᣬסȥ·趯ؽҶ֪⣬üһ֣ǽʿеĽѵУаһᣬ׸ǽʿʿһ˾ӽȴֻûһȣ֣գ۹ؽ䵽Ҷ
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˲ǰ׾ôȵÿһ껹΢΢ЩĵҪЩԵģҲǺãڶĺö
ˣͿߣҶ̧ͷһۣͷ˳ǣû˵ôһ꣬˳ŴȥһӰ
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ο֮κλҲ𲻳ۼ˭Ҳ˼侹˾ɫ
⹫ҶԶȥӰһۣͻȻ૵㲻ҪҵòôôˣУЩʧ
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Ҷ˺Ÿʾתֵȥſ
ǿУѭǰԶᵽһ෹߽ˣֻũΧһţڣƼݣҶ˼ǰȥֻȺ֧ʮڴڣһϡ࣬ǰżʮ׳ֳֵǹ齾
޵һ긾ŮһкǺͷϸݹ꣬˫۽գС͸һǾδԶˡ
Ǹύմˣкãһɣġûһˣٶȥɾû
δ䣬һ˵Ҫ࣬ɰаԼǩˣΪһ޶ʿھѰȡ
ҶѭȥԶһִӣҸһѾһ˴ɡһҡȣװ欣ֺһ裬ĭСЦеģһź
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մЦֲ㣬˵⺢Ҳֿģ⵱ģͲȰȰˣ޳ҲһԼԼֻҪ޳ɹҲһܳģ
Ǹ˲ȻմˣҼҾͿҺӹûúӺ࣬ô
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ǸһŴ죬ȴ֪˵ʲôźãǺһ㣬ӿۻţȴϸϸסɤԽԽũ絶űһɳƵɤ¿ˣԼǩˣҪȥɣ
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ũһ㶣ҹҧյģ㣬̫ɥҪǴġۿ촽⶯ֻҪȥ룬պӡ࣬ԼϺݺһʱֻᣬһ̱ڵء
ãáմԼЦ㣬̯ɾҪˣ޳ڿˣΪ޶ʿ͸Ͻ˵Цũũ޲ɫҵ½ǰѺء
ҶһԿŭգطֿˣߵǰմеСӣļҵģҪΪ޶ʿôŶӡ
Ҷ裬ЩȫңСүһȫˣҶһץԼ˫һ֣ʮԼƬƬɵһɢȥ
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ҶƳȺūŶû˿ҲͨˣԸˡ
һץһˣӣϷһ㣬תۼ䣬ǰ֮ˣ˳ȥ׳޲ɵۣմ˼ƲתӣҶЦһϣִ߸߾𣬸ǹϣЦ»ҪһתմͽǷ಻硣
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ҶƵôüͷҡ˾ܲһץһ֮ת䣬˫ְȵȫ˿һݺᣬ˲Ծͣ˴򶷣Ҷɫ̡
ҶŶӺ࣬СŮȣΣ׳󡣡Ϊ壬Υ׷жȡֻ࣬˶٣ۿŷļȴԽԽ࣬Ƭ̼ѲǧˣδŴſ
ҶźѹѹȺĵҲǸ취뷨СûһֱԼԱߵ߸СǳԺ˸
ǸӣȥǳҪΪ޶ʿ
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޳ĸ񶷷ʽǾǶʿʿпĲɱ֮ʧһҪ̨ϵ˴󷢴ȱΪھˣǻֽȥһЩ£Ǿζ
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ҶüһƣתٺһЦΪҵݺܸ߹ڳ⼢̫࣬Щ޶ͻʳû취ҪǿˣҪһɣ˿ģǼӣԹţȥȥ
˵꣬Ҳߵ飬ֱӳȰڴȥڽŵʱ촽΢΢䶯һ˿Ŵմ˵ĶУȻỹѰһ˵ĳЩ޶ʿųҶȶǣȥޡ
մ˲˲ͷϵ亹ЦǵȻѵСĻڴ󾺼ȥôС򲻸ҵģͷĺˡֺٺһЦάˣҪ
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ȫųǰմ˽Ųһпӣǳҵģ޶е޶һȫųҪ˭ѹˣΪʲôҪΪ޶ʿӽ겻Ȼɷǡ
еĻɲй¶һȺǰ£һָЩʲô޶ôõʱ䣬ҲǼԴӿҶֺ󣬾϶ⲻǵһǿ
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Ҷ۾΢УһƲ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ֪ڴʲôע⡣
ײԽԽǿʮǿ׳ӰĴĺڰ߳ǰʮ󺺣֮ϣľ޴̺ۺȻ֣ʾεȲս
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ҶһǵʵЩ΢΢ԾĿ⿴ƽϣȴΣҲҶǳǾ
һ˻Ƶмλ׳д㡭ǿıԵ֮߶ǰϣŵΣյϢǰĶֲġ
ˣǣǳеƣȻǶߣٴΣʤӭսһһߡЩҶЩԾĲʤĳ
ΪȻٴսУֶܻ޳֮Уʲôƣÿһս²ٵ˺ۣ˲ȶϱ۲е޶ʿֻҪû͵ϳ
ףԴࡰ԰ܡľ־û̵ġ޳ϣƤ£洦ɼ˾Ȼսٳ϶жٵ˺ۡ
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뵽ּеЩˣ
ƺǲҶɻĦս͵ٳУȽϸߣһˣרŵΪˣڶ޳ĳЩ涨ҲֻһµƤ֮ˡ
ҶȻĵ˵ͷЦŵմˣǲ⶷޳ǿ޶ʿ
΢΢һæЦŵ˵ͷǵģǵģҲֻǲֵ֣вһ䣺ҲֻҪǲܿȥ
ҶβǼһ˼˲һۣȻҽǶʱκڳ㣡ȻҲҪͼߣӦţҪɱ㣬ܵһ
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Ҳ֪ЩʲôֻǣҪҪɣǰʮˣҶ΢ֲһţʮָһţѱһ򣬿ɫȫ޶ʿ΢ЦֻҪǸңұܸɡ
ҶͨЩԸԿһۣͻȻصĵ˵ͷֿ죬Ϣ³ܸɣָǵ
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ҶĿɨ˼һۣЦǲڲпū۰ͺڰͳ֮£þ͸ңһȨĳûеôѣҾȨҲһܵ¡
˶٣ҶֵʵұӦúǵ˵ôϻģ˵꣬Ҳ޶ʿ飬ֱӳȥԼ¾ɣҪȥľͳȥġְɡ
ÿʧźĵӰͻȻݺҧҧ˳ȥͷģ͸ļһһأ޶Ҳֻǵ
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Ǻ˿һۣҲ𻰣ֻЦԱһգ㲻Ҫ޳ţܵϹʲôæúܣйˣ˵ʲôطʲôҲܽô
ҶۣĵЩһﹷƣѵС΢һ򱳺ʾ⣬ǰһһֻǰһ׷˳ȥ
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˭֪ҶһԺ߰ٺΧʱȺУҶˣƤЦⲻЦǣգԱô
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Цһ˵Ц˿£Сӣ㵽ʲôڳ֮ˣҶһһƵģµİΧ޶ãЩա
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ĿתҶʱɫݣͻȻӿһ󲻰ǺٺЦã˵˵Ҫ̸ʲô˵Ĳ⣬ߣ˭Ҳ뿪
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ҶһŽⶪ۵ļһ߷ɣȻ⣬⡣
ۼҶֹţ⣬ЦããֻҪˣﶼԴϲģȻ٣Ⱥ£֪ûˣȭͷ߯һȭȥ¾Ҫһ
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Ҷ뻳ȡһ򿪿ʱֻʮˣЦЩǮˣϲȥɡ
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ҶŨüһĿȴӿЦ⣬̤һϵǮһһʰЦЩǮ֮ףˣֿϧģ½ǼʿЩҲǺõġ
ҶǮ·뻳кЦ֣ҪβѣΪʲôҪţǲ۵ʲôˡ
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⹬ȻɭϣҶ˵ȴͬ裬Ȼ빬ѰһѵڹҶͻȻɫһϲʶ䱻ӡڣȻ﷢ߵϢ
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ҶǺε仺ңšһԾϻæоЦԻαôŭСүɻˡ
Ҷ֪ͷ⹬еλǺʱʱȻҶϣŭֳܣͷѪһţֱҶ˹
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ҶɨڼһۣͻȻ벽㾳磬ţûԼʵҲǲˣʱҶԸһЮŻӣⱼȥ
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ױùˣҹʥ٣ɼƽʱѵأѹʥλԪĴ֮ף
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֪̾书Գǧʿ֮ԿսʱԽãսԽд⣬Ȼɱ


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ҶĶͷƵ㲻ҪôСˣòãٶʮٱкξ塣
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Ҷ벻͸⹫Ϊβ˵ˣȻ˵Լ˽棬ά֮ȴ֪е뷨ȫͬ
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ܹЦ˵˵ͺôˣֵΣ֣򡭡԰գٺЦ


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ȴҶˣȻ޶ԣҲ˵Īעӣ֮Լٰ칫ùݽӽӣд
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ҶִϵҲʲôã߰ɣ˵ɫͻȻһ䣬ҲƣӱƮƮȻ湬ȥ
ߣ㻹ߵȥʱһƾ𣬲֪ʱǰԶѾվ˸ˡ
ɫĳۣɫɴñЬ࣬Ҳǰ׵ģˣһ֮⣬ȫǰɫΪϣҲһɫס
֪ĽӽҶһ˲
ۼҶ湬ߣһ׷ȥ
˭ūǿͷ𾪣૵
ܹص˭˵ôǽ춼
ūǰҲ϶ȥ磡԰գͬС㣬ܹܣһƬȥ
ʱҶԶʮ⣬֪׷ͻͷȴȻһ˫۾
ǰ˾׷⵱ϡ
ʱֻǰЦ㻹ҪӣΪβͣһսȻ㶨ҶĶ֣ȻҲˡ
УͻȻ磬ʮâҶ˹ȥΪ㶨Ҷܣ˭Щâ֮ʣҶһȻûһâ
ǰһУ㶣ŭһȻ٣ҪǰסҶɱ
ҶһֻǰԽ׷ԽˣҶ֪𶥷Ϊȴû뵽˾˵Ҷþַǰڲ
ͻȻ䣬ǰ浶ʿڵסҶȥ·ҶҲ룬ֱȵ
һֵ֮ǰһȵǷҶʱҶԵд˳ȥţһӰÿ˵϶ذ˸ӣȴùڵϡ
ֻǰŭȵõĴ
ʿڵʱҶǰȫӰͬһ㣬ڹƮȥչŵļʿǵӰӶ
Ҷʱȴ¶һ˿΢Ц˵׷٣Ҿ룬ʱҲе㲻ˣȻ񾳽壬ȫվǱӡˣܵãٶȻȲ𾳽ߡ
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866 ѡ·
ҶЦײĲᣬƢЦУͻȻϰһ˫ֻվԭһҲЦĿǸˡ
Ҷһģǰ˴ŭʲôͻҲڵ΢һֱֱԾ˹֮˵ܼ
˵ˣҶưֱƮƮһ·ڴʱҶУȴЮǧ֮
ǰգӲӣ˫һ˫ȭ촦ɨ˫Ŀʱ˿̣ɿߵĲͬϮضҪ䣬˾䲻ݷɲǼ䣬ץסǡ
һץֱ֮ȥҶһ˻һѣҲһ֮÷˳ȥȻңշƮƮ¡
ü˪Ҷ㶨ͨߣȴΪҪԣ
Ҷüȴˣˡ
Щ£˵ģ
Ҷüһǲ֪ôҵģ
һ⻰ǰЦ˾ͺãߣֲ·ߣһ·һڶô˳ˣҲ½ƣӴԺΨǴӡ
ҶЦһûе·ô
ǰ˴һۣʧЦýҪߵ·ܲ߳ɣ̯֣¶ţȻȫҶ
ҶбЦ㵽ĺܣٺ٣»û뵽羹ȻбһˣֻСװƹͷ﷭Ǿѿˣ
ǰҶƬ̣һСӣĪҪĥĥ䣬·㵽ѡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ôѡһʯֻˡһǧʯ̷˳ȥǳ
ǰ˳üһɫתƲԳԷƣӲָӳʯ֮ϣֻˡһʯеת
һʯתøٿ˫ּ䵯һԲȦַҶ磬ݶƬĴҷɡ
ҶվԭزȻֻ䡱һʯм裬һúõʯ񣬾Ȼһȭ˷飬Уеʯǰ˼ȥ
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ҶЦһʶߵģߣСүʵָľǸСүЬҲ䡣˵ȴûͣ٣ݶϵһʯҶֶ
ÿʯԽתԽٱ磬ȥǰɫһ䣬ЩʯƵòˣݶϵʯҲƵסǹɾǿ磬ǽ֨֨ҡҡ׹
䲻ݷʱҶǣݳƣȺǰˣ϶ԼΪҶ̫߳࣬ҽභ
⧲ƣ׻ôҲ벻ҶȻۺһɸվֱθʱ໴𣬿ѪҶϢһ֣Ҫٴγƣסͻ
ͷŷһӰ֣Ҷ˫䣬Ӽףһ죬ˣͻȻڿдתȥһɶԶʵء
ǰ˲û׷Ϯ˲ǵһ˿ѪԹȻȻˣһͻȻһŨҵİ׹⣬ȫ¶档
ҶһĻЦһ֣ҲһȭѪˣֻڲִ֮£ӲһȭȻվ˵һСˣ
ߣҲֹֻˣͻȻտһţһѷۺɫĹâһϣǵۺɫĹâĿʼ󣬺ܿһɢŵâıϡ
ҶĿһЦˣԪ磬Ȼܵõ
㾹Ȼʶ÷΢΢һͻȻһӣУЦããҲ˭ҽⷨЦУڰУз΢һҶ˹ȥ
šһһɳĽâĽסҶӰ˹ҶܷԲɶнš
֪ҶͻȻЦҪ⽣˫Ȼһţ飡Ĳȴߣһ֮£ѽݶ˸󶴡
Ȼǰ˵һЦ˽ȥ
ʱǵâȻһݶ֮ϣֻȻ֮ϣʯ䶨䣬ǰ˼ߣ
һķ˰²ۼһ޹־ŭ·ļͽߵΧסӡסݶԼҲƺһӹȥ
ɾصһ˲䣬ȻǰһҶӰʧԼ֮ͬУǰһƬܵĻ𺣣ֱֱ
ֵ֮ʣһ䣬ѩ֮У̹ǣת۽棬ʧʱҶĶУôôçײ֪Ŀģ㾹ȻɵĸζΣ
󣿻쵰ôֹ⣿˵˿ǰѧ֮ʱҲмʶ󷨵ÿ󷨶ĺܣֵܵġ
ģȻ棬ϧûħ޺ˣֻһЩʯ沼ˣɱı˺ܶ࣬ҪȻΪ˿㻹ڣҶʱĴĶУǰһǰҶӰ
תĿѸٵҶɨɭΪʲôҪĪɣ㲻ɱңһתЦȻɱңֺαֹ󶯸ɸ꣬Ҫ˵̹Ǹã
ҶЦЦʵҲɱ㣬ʵɱ㣬ٺ٣԰գҶӰͻȻʧ
˲֪Ҷڴʲô⣬Уʵܣ룬ͻȻҧи⣬նԹһʹ㲻һ֮Ӧ֪´ң͢⣬ìأзҲֻһƱ䣬ʱʥرǰµ̽ȵʥţٵȻñѹһͳԪ磬ʱͬ񲻴
Ҷɫǲ֪ЩʲôĵЦ㵱ĳ̰ͼô
ɫһȻװʲôˣûе֮ģǱʹʲôһʲôһ˵û˭ţ
ٺ٣µ£ģ㻹ںúĥôɣҶЦһһ䣬ƮȻһ֮ϣ
ô˵Ҫˣеİ˵˾仰Ӷˣδ񱬵ЩþϮȥ
ɾôһŪǰɫٴδ䡣
Ѿǻ𺣡ɽһƬޱ޼ʵɳĮĿһƬɫһǽ֮ɫ˿ʼƶŲǰߵĺ
Ȼ·ӿÿһ̤··ƣÿһĿҲŨҵ
ֻоӿɳһ˽һԼȻΪǣȻ֮£վޣС
þǰһжǻþӦСӵ֮УһһεԼǣȻ޴֮£Ȼе¡
ͬʱҲû뵽ҶȻò󷨣򶼲ϵģȻֻһ󣬵Կͷ
Ȼ󷨣϶ģҵƻӦþͿԳˣһСĿʼ֮
һﵽСүôƵģҶ۾ǰʱǰڵϣڵϲͣţѰ󷨵ģ۾Ҳ΢΢ϡ
Ϊʱ֪֮У۾һжǼٵģֻȫƾԼĸоԼʶſҵģ
һ󣬰ƺʶԼͷӬһײҲһ취ͣվԭһ
ͷƬ̺Ȼһ̧ףһۣݺһҧ˸ʲôķ˿ӭѪһ˶Ե
һͻȻзһѪӿȫѪ֮УʺѪⶸȻһɲǼתΪ˰֮ɫ
֮ŻѪζʹҶŵһҶеİһۣɫ΢΢һ䣬૵һﾹȻǸаޣ治֪쵰˶˻꣬Ŵﵽ⾳ģ
ҶʱȴǺް취ֻܿЦŵ˼ʩ
ѪɫѾתϣһ죬ѪԼϣҲ֪ʲôǷҲɰת죬Ϊͬɫˣ˴ʱԲ԰Ѫࡣ
ɫһһͳһźɫķ䣬ŷںڷЩʲôţŴС֮зУ·䲻ʲôһΣ֮ĶвҲ֮ɡ
˫Ŀŷ䣬пʼ͵󣬵ɬѶǻ֮Уһɭ֮˸еĺ
һʩչˣҶȻݣԲзѪΣҲ֪ЩǽƴˣҶڿġ


867 
Ҷ뿴˾ʩչʲôʱǰ˿еӿ࣬ǹɭ֮ԽŨ
С֣һҪ㣡Ŀкһ˵һĻˣзУͻȻһѪѪиֳһƺɫѪ˿ЩѪ˿һǷƮȥ
ʼЩѪ˿ֻһظ֣ûѪ˿ͿʼʮʮϰĴѪӿ˳ȫɶ˻ĳ˷
תۼ䣬˷͸죬ɢŹĹâһĻ¶ϲɫ
һʩչֶʱԭڿеķȴͻȻҫ֮غڹ⣬ҵͲѣԵüȶ
һĻ˸¶ϲɫʧˣֳ־֮ɫæŤͷٻͷǷʱη֮ɫ˼֣
¶Ȼ֮ɫͺ³صݺһҧԼ⣬һѪ絽з֮ϣ˲ŴһǿھѪȻھѪ
ڸ˲飬һУıһѵɺѪɵɢž˵Ѫɷ֮
˵¶˿֮ɫٳɵץ𵶱ϣֻ˻ӣ˿ûԣȴ¶֮ɫ
˵һۣԽ緢һХ˴ĻΪһ޴ѪţȻܿȥһХӴ˵ϴųĺâһ
˵ʮɳľ˺ɫâһҶõıȻıնһ飬¶һͨ˼ϲɵһͳ˳
ȥȥɣһԱߵҶһЦһ֮󣬾͵ҶͷɸߵĵطһкѪɳĺɫâӭͷ¡
㾹ȻҶҳ֣ҶٺһЦһգڵذ֮ϣҵʯмһУ˶ʱΪһӰɿ󼲱ٶ֮죬ת۾ͳһ׵㡣
ڲܣҶЦһ붼û룬ֱһһ㣬ŰݵķٵıȥһʱʱʱɱˣԺɱˡ
סСӣŭһҹӰԾ˳Ҷǰ棬ҶһۣͻȻΪһٴγʱҶӰѾڰ˵ǰ赲ס˰˵ȥ·
ٺ٣СӣѾˣһЦͻȻԱߵĹȥ
ҶһЦǰʱͣɣ
Ҷ̧ͷǰȥֻǰһְеϣݵЦš
ҶûܹܾȻйûвֶΣУɵͣЦô
һץУЦô죡
ҶݶĬƬ̣ãһһŹйҽĹ㣬ýôߣร
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ɾʱͻȻһҶһ֮ƣԭźܶı仯Ҷܣı仯ɴʱҶȻܣӲӭȥ
˭֪һҶϺ󣬰ֻ֮ǧٸСһ㣬Ӷʱ飬ҶվԭûԼȴǺһΣһѪڶɲǼ䣬ֽҶȻ㡭
ٺ٣СүôģԭҶѴ񾳽磬˿˿תݣжȥԷȭܽתأ˵ҶȻ⣬ܵܵϮԱн˻ȥʵ̫͹ˣºݶĿҶһžž죬Сݵأһȣ΢ᣬ֮һţѾʧԭء
жݵ˱ʣҶ΢΢һ㶣˿𾪵ĿſտҲĵ档
滹ǿ棬жϸСķ϶ûһǰȴƾʧǰһ޶ܽ𾪡
ʱйͻȻ˹ĿתҶϣһһ𣬷һ鳲һͷײҶ
ҶЩ˵Ķݵ¼ͻ뻳Уѣ鼱΢࣬һУסйû°ɡ
ȴһᣬ޵㡭ȥˣҡΪˣ
ҶԼ¶̬֮ޱ⣬̾˿أ㶨جˣ
ʵǰ˺öΣμˣΪλȴҪɱңܹȴңһΡ㡭
Ҷؿڷ̣˵Щ£ģԸ֪Ҫܵ˲źáʵУ벻ʱʥлϹԼУʥҲֻвʸλˡ
Σ˵ҲҪҲҪ㣬ҾļҪҪǵ˹Ժ¶ˣͼˣ
Ҷʱ£ҲЩ飬ȫͷ֮УðβŵˣЩڲ˵ȴһʹ°ɣʱʹҳһˡ
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ҶڻʹգƽʹеĶңεЩͷʦǿѹǿѹֶΣƽʥصѱ䣬˵Щ¼ף¶ˣ򰵣ıơ
Ҷ˼ܣзЩ˲޷óѣЩҵ£Ҷ裬һټƣ˼䣬Ҳͷ綷Ϊѡ
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룬ҶֵնȰмпҪٶϰ㲻һӾնԺ󻹻ѣùһʱŻ˵һȥ֮˳κ󣬻ܻŵУմѪдˣֲֻ̫ˣţҲáҶÿ˵һܹܵɫͲ԰һ֡
ҶҪڣܹܲȻ㲻ˣħҪħ
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ܹܿ־ĶҶҶһӽǹεѹԽǿֱܹϢĸо
ҶôԸܹ֪ܲҶὫնǰƤҲֻ֪Ϊ֪Ÿ־塣
һҶ붡׻һ
Ҷٶȸӻ𣬲ʼҡڲٳû¡
ܹܺѪӿҲʼһԲҶ֮ʣͻȻҴиϻӣϵķʽϻӺֻܸҸ
˵ãҲôˣҶ֣һʿӦҶȥܹܵķϻӣʿȥܹܵԷ
һᣬȡһϻӣ֮Ҷϣ˳ȥҶӹϻӣҪ򿪳ͻС顱һ죬й֮
Ҷ󾪣ͷȥȴһ׵ϽѪܹͷѣˡ
Ҷһû뵽ϼһӸңټҶ֮ǰ˵ЩȻ޷ܣҶ֮ʣһͷײڵϣһҶǰ˵նƤҲҪΪ֮ĵˡ
ϼһﾹȻԼŵɱˣҶüҲû⣬ȴϻӣһֽ뽫סַϵİﶼд
ҹҶݶưǶ򶫷ϸ㣬ͻȻݣʱţȻҶľֹȴֲÿѯʡ
ٹգһգس¶㣬ƿţ룬ȴްӰңϿ֣һأңһزϲôϦˣ̻ȻȴΪԸһ֮ա
ּɷ裬Ҷּ˰ΣһɣװĽǿĶڵϵɷ顣
ʱҶ˻ʹû뿪ʥŶǣܹǵõϢҵһҾ¥Ȼס㣬ǰӦþ⼸գͻᣬȻһͬȡ


868 
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Ҷ߽䣬Ϣľǽеļ϶ȥֻǴʱĸˣҶֵǸҲУһһ˿ڵûô
һ̾ϢûУ
Ҳͬʱڵб䣬ʧˣ
ȿڵһĬȻ˵ɸǵ񣬶ʧˣ
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˵˵ͷ¾㱸˭֪;ɱһСӣһ溧ˣҲͻزˣ˶ֵѵһڵţͻȥɣ
Ȼüͷ壬Ҳ˵ͷһ˵ұг²˳٣ھͶ˵Ҵͬʱ߳
ҶҲ͵͵˴һᣬ¥ӣϳ򱱶ȥҶ֮ǰͱ˳ӣоҪŪȵһʲôڣпܣڽ֮㣬Լϵķӡ
гһҶ΢΢֣һļܺĳӳǰʱݣŪĳӣǺ׵ġ
ǰĳԶȥҶ복ӣһ·Ǳȥ
ĿɽλԪں֮䣬ļΨشǣ죬μ
Ҷշת࣬Ŀɽɽţɽ棬ľףɽתһȦȴٿӵӰ
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ҶǽʧϼĪǸˣܣԼһ·ˣʧӰѵʲô󷨲ɣ
뵽˴ҶͻȻӻͳһ֮ģȥ¶ּдţ˿ߣؼУʧ·֮
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ֻҶӰϦӳ£ʺ㻮նɽУԼĪٷѹɽɽɭɭЩ⡣
תɽ䣬ֻˡһ·Ӱ
Ҷһ̧ͷǰŷԼʱһɽڽɽɽڼȴһ߶ɽ϶ֻɽ϶âڣϸ̽ѷ֡
ҶͶɽ϶ֻһƵ¶һͨҶɽ϶֮ؾ֮ˡתֲȻʵ֮󣬻ӦСһĺá
뵽Ҷ֮ͨ󣬲֪ͨɭİʪޱȣҶüͷԼĪյʱ֣ͻǰһȻʣ֮
ǣɽˮ·绨һ塣
ֻɽ϶ͷһƬ߼ʵɽȣɽϱԷδ䣬Ϫһ˿ƣϪ԰·䣬ֳһ⻨֦ƣƽ
ɾʱҶĸԼǰУ΢΢һĸһҲսҺԼûϣ
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Ҷĸһܣʵ󲻽⣬룺ʲôܵӦҲŶ԰Īȥа֣Լ治µģˣ
·ӶϣеǲҪܣлҪǣ
ĸ˲ͣĸ졣
ģȥһңԼΪԼӡҶ˼׷ȥ
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ҶаʱͻȻǰһͨǰ˽ŲͣУҶҪȿڣ̧ͷɽ޴֡ȡҶһȣȡĪסɣһɣҲ⣬ͽС
ɵ֮ʱʧȥ˵ӰӣдǸ쵰Լǵĵ̣ҪǰԼӡǧˣˣԼҲܷˣǼӿ첽ӣԽԽˡ
Ĺȵ߰žĹȵУҶĽŲʲôҲûУ˰ΣҶͻȻͣ
Уһ˺ˣֹǰ䱸ǵĽ̤ˡ
ǳҶģҶ룺ĪתأڰͨгֶԸԼ
ȵۼǰǹĽŲԽȻһӰֳֻ˵ǶУ߲㡣
ҶĿȻڰʮɣȴ˲ĸˣλߡ
ǿصڵϵҶɱǰ˵Ϊʱһʱ˭ôˣ
߾ȻʥΪҶ֮ǰŰ벽񾳽Ϊֻ̫أ½һ磬ɲҶӽġ
ǰʯϣѣԭǺΪѣҶǰһŵ˵ĺأʱû˭㡣ˣȻ˵أѵ񾳽ĸ֡
ߺȻصϷǡԪϡ껺
ҶؾԪϣ
ԭԪĴУкֻ⺣бߵֱΪ䴴ʼ۾ʱֵܣһ죬һ˾껺ˣֻҶ벻Ȼ
Ҳ벻˵߾껺⣺֮ˣ
ַԼϣֻǰѪһ˿ݺύǷֲ۱ǿڶֲ쳣
ҶϸѪģ˿ڣϰദȫһˣÿǳһ£ٽ뷢ͬʱ껺ϻ£˺˸߽׷ûˡ
껺΢϶˵аа˵⼸֣Ҳ
Ҷаʲôа
껺ͻȻһҵĳ鴤Ҷҡͷ룺Ǵ˿Լʵܱϵǽޣȵһγ鴤Ѫʱͽ̾ǰʲôԾ˵мΪɡ
껺۾Ϲǰ˭֪ҶǷˣҶⷬϿֿĻ˻ɤ¡Ĵ͡˵а
˵˫͵ץҶ죬⡭áʱǧԺá
һҵҡֹһҲ֧ˣ˫ȻץҶ죬·ܽе˲ź
Ҷ껺״ңۿʪῪ˫Ѫ˫֣ڵϡ
껺ĿҶصĸ£ŭŵƤǰ㰲ȥɣһ㽫Ĵ
Ҷҵһʯ껺ߵڣķźãŰϵĵˡ껺ѳһ鴿ɫƣƽаƴ󣬴£д֣Сڻڡ
ƾԼĴʹĴţȴ֪ΪҪа⡱ĸ֣аһָĳλ֣λ־껺ص֡
ݸߵԪ߳ȣеʲôأԪûߵĹ£ҶЩ²⣬ֻǿߣԼҲҪСˣɱߵĺ󳾡
Ҷ뵽˵ֶΣе㲻⣺Լƽӡ治֪Բԣһʯᵽڷúվڶںʮ˵ڴ˴Ϣɡ
ʱҪҶ˳ѲܣΪҶһȣͨʧˣ˵ҶҲǸС֮ˣ̧룬룺ȻⲻϵķӡҲҪŪȵĿ
ȴпסһλɱ˲գ۵ħͷֻҪԵĲͻὫС
ͨɳͷȻʣվСľͷҶ̧ȥ
СľͷȻһţ֮һƬԨһף֪жԿ϶ģ֮ͨ˵ȥ϶ʬ޴档
վڵ֮ǰԼԿɽ֮һׯϵΰҶŵǰص֮ò֡
ӭλӣȴûпİ˰㣬ҲҶһۣǰ˹ȥ
Ҷߵһ˱ȭλ磬ܷһǵˣ
̧ͷҶûһ㾪ȵı飬ҲҶôУҡҡͷ̧ǰȥ
Ҷֵҿȥǰ濴𣿡
ҡͷһԣҶ룺Ī˶ӣ׳գ
ģǾȻ˵СүԼȥôйΡҶ˹ȥ;ˣǶҶδãҶơ
ϣܳ赲һԼϾԼ˱˵ĵ̣˳赲Լģȴ֮һһ·ͨޱȲЩ
߹ĽڳǰֵֵǣŰ߶ȴޱȣĴ֮ǰ˼ϥĻĲݡ
ȻˣſڵĽҶȻɼдš֡
סĵطΪʲôֻ˻ѵǸ˶ýԼôҶһ龰ɵɻˡ
Ŵ󿪣һ۾֮ܿһҲûκζԵÿյޱȣֻյУ͸Źɹ죬ھҶԥǷҪ֮ʱ
һֱƮҶ˶УȻѾˣͽɣҿԹˣһ꣬ͻȻԶ£ȻҪһҶüͷһ壬һҧ˴


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֮УֻһˣӾȻһĹӸ磬Ҳһ£ֻһ£ƺһ˿ûС
Ѿܾˣ⹫ӸҶЦţЦ洺⣬֪ģҶȴϸоһɵΣϢ
⹫ӸӽԼָоԽԽŨҡ
һ࣡Ҷֱ˾ǸΣյȻʵδָ֮ǰʵ֣ˣҲ
Ҷʮ֮Զʱ⹫Ӹͣ˽Ų̧ͷ˵㻹ǵһҲĿˣĵȷʵЩϣȻٺ١⹫ӸȴͻȻЦ
һᣬŵǰ·Ҫô˳ңҪôܼ򵥵ѡ񣡡˵Ȼ赭д˵ȴޱȡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ȵЦ˵ǲоԵİɱң
ţԣ⹫ӸȻƽޱȣɻȴɱȻ
ֲһ·ͨ裬ԭһֱڵңҶɨһۣ˵ʵȻ׽͸ҶҲ׳ԡ
ǹӸҪȻΪôõô
ҶЦҲã˵ĵطǱ֮ʮٱĵطҲȥ硣뵽ǰʥĹأĵط֪˶ٱ
ǹӸһ۵Сķͷϻ˵·㵽
Ҷ⻰˿壬ЦʱһҪ죬ˣѡɡ
⹫ӸЦΡתһ룬ֵҪʲô£
ҶҪһ£ʵ¿ߣòֹһܡ
⹫ӸŭСӺôĵĪǺ׾ƣ˵
ҶЦ߽Ϣã壬Ǻú̸̸
⹫ӸŭЦ룺Ԫ磬δ˸Լǰɣ˭վԼǰ˵ĪСر𡣡Ĭһᣬ˵̸ʲô⣺ٽ֪
ҶϯضָŶĵذ壬ЦҪѼҺˡ
ǹӸɷǡһƨСĵ޳ܣԼң⵽˭ˣǴ˵е
ҶԹɫ΢Цߣ߶¸أһܺãΥ֮¡
⹫Ӹһ㶣ĵС˵⻰ʲô˼ڷôҾſ㻹ʲôãȻ᲻жʮ߰˿飬Ӿġ
Ҷдã֪ȴɱ޹Ȧ࣬ⲻʧʧ˵˵ҽΣ
ȦࣿС֪ĲֻٰǺ񲢲ǹĴˣˣӦֱҡͷʲôȦ࣬Ѫˣ񼫣Сӣ˵Ҫ
Ҷ֣أʥŴ½ûһߣǴ½ϵߣϳʥŴ½ɱˣʵ㻹Ʊ粻ɡ
⹫ӸȴЦλ޴ǣӲҪ˵Ȧ࣬ʲô취磬ϧ½ϳ⣬ûˣȻ֤ҵס
Ҷô˵㲢ʥŴ½Ȧ֮ˣ
⹫ӸȻǣСӣңõ˶٣ͻȻģ˵ôϻ㻹û˵·㵽ѡˣ
Ҷ˵һһԣ˵꣬ƾ޾ݹ㣬֤Ȧ࣬Ըκ𷣡
Ըκδô⹫ӸЦã˵ƽϲķڷлһ䣬ǲֻȭͷˣ
գҶ
Ҷ˵ʶԪϡ껺ô⹫Ӹһô껺ˣѽ̶ʱӦʬ޴棬´󵨵˵ʶѽ˺ǹӹĴˣѶδ֪书г
룬ΪϹĴߣöʥŴ½껺˺һˣ
ҶЦҿ㻹װ⣡̵겻껺Ҷĳȴһʱǰ಻ţ
⹫ӸܿҡͷҲš룺껺˽Ų̽ȵĵϸشٶ̶̶ɹ㣬գҲҪˣΪȻĸߣǿѪ֮Ȼ޷ٻ
ȴδϵ껺Ȼ̶ǡ̶ʯסûе̶Уټ껺ǿʵǣֱȵмҶѪ
ҶЦҿ϶˵ţĪ֪껺Ѿȥ
⹫Ӹɫ΢䣬룺СӺоҪҲΪʲôڻûҶֵԭЦô֪Ĵ߲Ȼ˵š
ҶͷڳһӦǡڻͳǿ
⹫ӸԵ⣬Ȼģ
Ҷʶ


870 ʵָ
⹫Ӹĵ˲֪ô᲻֪ǹĴΪ˵ֵʥŴ½ٻʥŴ½ߵƣֻôҶϡ΢һƺܣ˵ҿ١
Ҷԥݹƣ⹫Ӹû뵽ҶôЦСӲԺҵ£ǲˣ
ӵһȻӬͷ֣⵹ˣᵽУ䲻껺ûȥȻԪǰ£ȫˣСӾԲ֪Щ֮¡
ҶڻȦô
˭֪⹫ӸͻȻŭƨƨ˭˵Ȧˣʵ㣬ʥŴ½ߵ棬ʥŴ½Ҳģ˵Ȧ࣬ɾʹشˣ껺Ϊʲô
ҶҲ˵껺Ѿȥǰҡ
⹫Ӹһʵʲô
ҶҪҽҪ͵Ĵĸ֡
⹫Ӹ΢֣
Ҷصĵа⡣
⹫Ӹգգ
ҶĴô
⹫ӸĴһֵ˵ʵڵĴһָͷˣǹĴЩϲҪ֪⣬ǰһ˵ǵ֡
ĴҶӸѹĿ뻹¡
ǹӸЦ㻹ҪʲĪٹĴЩԣ
ҶɫһׯصУһҪĴ
˭֪⹫ӸͻȻЦһкϣȥ
ҶӵУǹӸֵûˣ˼С̸ãҲԵΪϴһΡ
ҶһΪϴ󻹲࣬УԺҵĻƴӣΪҲǲɡ
㡭⹫ӸŭСӣǻ塭δ꣬һӰõС顯һˤϣ⹫Ӹ翴󾪵ū
ˤϵ˰ˣһòŮӣ⹫Ӹæǰֻǰ·Ѫ͸ʪΣһ̣Ӹ缱ʵô£
Ůū˵ġˡ
ʲôˣŮūֻ˵֣һûϣԲ飬״ҡ
⹫Ӹŭȵеūȥˣ
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⹫Ӹ羪ʣ˭
Ⲣˣˣˣ꣬лһʮŮеһֵ䡢աĴڴˡ
⹫ӸԾУЦĴȫˣ
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䣡һˤڵϣȫѾǵ绡յ罹̿һ㡣
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⹫ӸâһɨʣµǼһۣ˵˭һ£
ʱЩ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ˭Ҳǰˣڵ֪а󣬲ŵѰģȴûȳаȻǿĴڣǿɱˡ
ԣаϢֲа壬ѵаķߣͻȻʲô۾һȳ
ߣΣ֪˲ݣܲ㣬ھȻɱ˵ӦýôźãӸͰȻ
ȻֻаΪʤ⼸𣿡ֻΨһŮͻȻ
Բ֪ˣһ꣬⹫Ӹ羹ȻѸײڶ֮ƣȳ֣⧲֮£֮ˣλߣΨһŮӣ˾Ȼնɱˡ
ã̫ǿˣˣȻԽϣԽһβԣһ˦æˣѸٵ⣬Ů΢΢һᣬŻΪһݶȥ
ô׷ȥһɱǣһȥǹӸȴվԭһҲЦѣҶ⿪ڵ
ɱʲô˼ƾ׵ݡ⹫ӸһЦߵ
ҶȴпɲİɣֻҪĴ֪аϢһɱ˻һӴһհȴƫƫż˲ɱǻȥͨ籨ţĴ֪ǿߴڣǲ
⹫ӸĿҶһۣС͸ʲôҲ㣬Ҿǣ
Ǹ׳գ˭֪Ҷ⻰ͻȻԶɣɱЩˣĴ˿һʱ£ΪǻʵȴǼ˷˻ȥⲻ㵨ôٺ٣Ҫˣ
⻰⹫Ӹ׹ͻȻߣֻҪǸһɱһ
Ҷһ۵ðɣҿΪҲ벽񾳽磬ղֻЩССϺɱˣ´ĴʱҪɱɾûôˡ
ǹӸЦĴ˺գԴӱռʥŴ½ϮʮˣһβñɱĶӡ
ϮʮˣҶаԹԣֲÿʮ꣬ҪʥŴ½ӵлԪػߣΪֵǰĴϮ
뵽ȻߣʥŴ½ȴû߳û֪佫Ĵ˻ˣеԱҲʧ
ҶʵÿϮΣ
⻰⹫Ӹ羹Ȼһʱ𲻳ȻĲء
Ҷһӡܻ˵λֻ˼ˣ´ˣܹȫ𣿡
⹫ӸסһƬҡ
ҶȻĴ˲ִٶ׼ܣ´λԪϼڶٺ٣ƹزסˡ
⹫Ӹ羡ʧ̾˿˿ĴϮʱȶȻأֻӳ˯ʱܽĴ˸Ͼɱ
Ҷһ㶣ֻһ߷㱾ڣ
ʶһ±塣⹫ӸɷҶ׹ֵ˵ùԹ򣬱ҳ飡԰գΪһ
Уһ㶼Ҷӵȥġ
ҶЦһֻܽ׷ȥ⹫ӸͽҶһɫǰ
ǹӸɵϵһģѿһȹСţȻһһվʾҶȽ
ģ쵰Ūʲô飡ҶڴæһۣͨһƬ֮дӿеŵӣҶƤ΢£һ˽ȥ
һȥκҶĿ¶һ˿ȣ˴һػ֮أֻһɴķγУȵĻ֮档
صûʲôҶ̧ȥʱһ
ֻŨŨĻУһ߸Լʮɵľ޴һˮƵĻ쾧һ
ߣǣīƬ⣬Ŀ׶¶ʵڿɲ֮
ŨҶпһ£ʧ˳ֲô˴ȣ黹
ΪӴ׶ԾΪȻӡӣڸ֮ŨǿҪʵˣһľϢ
ڽħԳҽʲô͵ʲôǹӸҶһۣͻȻס𡭡𡭡޺ӿʼ仯
ϳۣͷǣȻһһһһԽչ˳˫˫ű£ֻ桰ꡱѿ
ĹӸ磬ѳ׳һͷޣֻǸͷҲͺһţСȫǹŵϸƬɢ⣬۾֮⣬Ȼ˸ӡ
һͺͷӰʧһǳǻ롣
֪࣬ϱ˷ӡʱѻΪ޵ĹӸͻȻڵҲʵ㣬ҿ԰ϵķӡǽթ黫֮°˷ӡ㲻ңֶԸң֮ǰ÷ĲС
Ҷ԰Լӡ΢΢һ󣬿ڵҪҷʲôԣ
ٺ٣ϵԣֻһ֣
˵֮ģҶɫ΢䣬

̫ˡҶɫұ䣬ͻȻЦԲܣûɵԣһᷢôһˣСĺã
˿ȫӡˣҲ˵֮вԼԺҪһˣ
Ҷǻҷԡ
ߣԣôĳ⣡վڻͷޣȻ̳һźӣ΢΢˲仯Ϊһѷĩϣһ˿׹
ҶһĻ΢΢һϻǿЦһģû˵ʲôˡ
ͷһĵҸһԿԲ뽫۳ȥһЩĴȳ֮ζķ۾Ҷǰ
ЩۣԣֻѰ·ˣۿӾͲʲô鵤ҩͨ߳ĿֻһܴƣҶеġʥ䡷ֻҪʱ䣬ⲻֶۣ
ǴʱǿţǾԲִµġĺһȻ֪ﵽʲô磬Ǹһļµĸо
ٺ٣ҵΪɲߣԼԼҶղ̫Ծһеڵӣǰ۾Уһȫȥֵ˵ˣڿ԰Ƴӡ˰ɣ
ͷɨҶһֱۣȷЩȫȥ󣬲ŵȫֻԼˣκ֮£ԼɲҪҡ
ҶҲͷ޴ʱӺԼûκǣȻĿʲôҲȥ浱ԼȥˣһƬհףڤ֮״


871 ǿ
ֻע⣡԰գҶֻһٿػĶͷһʹž޴ĿԶͷĿӿ룬ȻһΪֱƴϮȥ
ɾʱƴ߲ʷӡͬʱӿ߲ʹâȫƾǰδеңҶоףֻüһʧ֪
ָ֪ʱҶеӺᣬʧǰһȴԼһصĵطһҫۣһڰںڰ͹֮䣬ʣ翲ȲܹںڰҲ޷Ψڹ밵Ľ紦ȻС
ģطˣԼôҶԻڰйâ˸Ҷϵƴĵǹ⡣
ޱߵĺڰӴҲʼתҪͣϢ
Ȼ䣬Ƶ߲ʹâͻȻ·һŻԼʶˡ
Сӣڵķӡ˭µģȻ˱̬洫޵ŭʱȻѾʼˣͲֹֻͣһɺɫǵصϮЩ߲ʹâҶǴһڰƣʧֻһ飬׹Ԩ
ҶҽУʵأǰ΢΢ʣߵģһŭƾƾƲ˫۹ᣬƭҺÿ࣬˵Ϊ
ӡôҶˣȴȻյģȫɻˣûƣôһҲûСҶҪȴһָͷҲ̧
ǿͷ̧ߣɫ£۽ǶѪ˿ҶҴʱܶһҪ㡣
ķٻϵķӡôˣҶ˵Ļ𣬿ҲܶȻ治֪˭˭ˡ
ĳͷһ㲻Լ鿴һô
鿴ҶһʶէͻȻһоϮͷ䣬õʶٿػɣڡ
оʶָҶֻӿָоã̵ɬ飬ζڣǧٹ֣޲龡£˵һϣ˶Ʈ
һյĹӲתصϣСůһܣ֮ʤ࣬ҶϲеҵĹָˣ
ʲôȻϵķӡҲ˽ϵ˸ɸɾҪĴţ̵ľȤˣֻǰɬͻȻȻضȫʪȻΪƽҶϵķӡޡ
Ȥôٺ٣ȤҲֻ㣬ӦòôɣҶҲȫʪãһͷƣӣҲΪжġ
ͷһὫôҲʵ㣬Ⱪ纣Ȼĺޱ߼ʣҸ֮أѺѵģÿһÿһͳߣΪɢޣͺȥҲĴΪʲôϷʥŴ½ԭǿΪһҪɱľ㣬ɱҪ̬Ķࡣ
Ҷ˵ͷʶţҪɫұ䣬ݸֱ죬ģˣˣЩ˺ˡ
˵ҶЩסˣ૵Ӳո˷ӡûüָʵЩϰɡȻ˵Ҷȴͷ޲䣬¶һ˿Ц⣬ȡһѪҺ
ָֻʥҺֻʣһˣǲҪҺָʵģ˿ǿţҲֻʹˣ
ͷҶĻҲһչʶɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ȴ֣֪ЩСˣôҽӶĪʲôɽɡ
ʱͻȻŲŵŲ֮Ҷͷ޶΢΢һתȥȴЩ˾ȵİˣҲȵ¡
ͷ޼Щ¾ȻûҲĳ⣬ʸȴǷЩˣȫһ˿ѪɫҲǳճմġ
ͷƼɫɫȻ䣬ѿںڤߣ
ڤߣҶ֣һ
ʱȴͻȻЦ㻹ЩɫȻϵóֶΣ
ͷ߳Ĵͷʲôϵ
ǿЦ֮ŭȵ㾹ҽмΪͷߣӵС
ߣǻ쵰ͲǸȻҳû٣ͷһ㣬ͻȻҶ˼ǿˣҵͷˣڱϿ컽ѱ𣬲ȻҶһ
ı𣿡ҶǾбһۣл˸䣬ͷ񾳽ޣʱһͷͷ鷳ųԼ᲻ᷴ亦
뷨δˣֻͻȻһ޵Ĵ˹ˣˣӲӲѾˡ
ͷǳԽʯһϱһ޴ʯբ·ϣҶʯբ󣬱򾲴̲࣬סʵʯբʲô
ͷһǶʯһƵģ
Ǿͺˣֻ²ǶԹǣ赲ãҶ̾Ϣһδ𻰡
ͷͻЦ浱ǣߺߣ˭ˣҲ塣һ꣬еЩ˵ӾȻת
Щչ䣬ѽҶͷΧסմȴպݶأ粻Ҫһ㣡ʽ϶ࡣ
ʱҶȻʵָȴܱ¶ͷȻҲָЩʵЩ˶ĵ̵£˿¶֣
ݼʽпŴ¶Ҳֻ̾ϢһὫ֮Źһʱ䱻ǱƵæҡ
ҶƵ˫üһ壬ͻȻг֣ϢУһһǵ㵹Ȼ䣬ԶһУХͻƿռ䣬ֻѿڵˣȻƲЩ˵ɫԼǻϲ
ֻͷ޿ڵͷߣʲô
ͷߵɭɭޱȣһֻ˾˴ǰ㶩˵ԽԽùɭɭ
򣡡ͷ޿ڵֻһѣɾҪùˣ͸ôʯڴ˽ѼаҪѣ΢΢ľ
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Уһĵų˾֮ϢֱɫعâǾ֮Ȼ˹ȥǾ΢ζ֮Уʼת˴ĿĹâ
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ʱУ̶էͬʱʶ籩ҲѾγɣֻʶγɵ˿УһµϸС绡Щ绡ϸ֮ӲӣѸ֮С
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ٺ٣һѣЩ쵰͵ɣ·ڳһͬʱȴ¶һ˿ͷͻȻһɫ͸ľʯԥӽ˹֮С
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һĻֻصԭλá
ôмǣȺСһӵүͲڱ纣ȥˡƳһڻˣһȺ˵У˭ҪɱͿԻ뿪ȣЦݷǳã˵˵ûǻᣡ
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ͣҶʮɣͻȻȵ
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ɽʲôϵҶԼһȺ󣬹ͣϾʳԼɻ
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ߣһֻҪͻ񾳽磬ԶԳЩܱȵģˣƽϢүҵķŭɡŭһſھ³һĻҶ˹
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˵طѪѾһѪͬʱҲϵ˥ţֱӱȥһ·ѪϡҶ˫ס߸߾ȫ룬ĽâԵĿ
Ҷƣŵò룬ͻȻ޴һת˵ݼˣ
ˣҶһ㶣ȴǴԼһ⣬еԴһ˲伴ţʲôȥˣŭ죬תۼҶƽ
ҶаһͻȻͷеˣˣСɣҶƳһۣȹԹԵſڵϣҶ
ſڵϣͳ𣺡ˣҶѾԼһ꽻ˣֻҪһҾ
Ҷ˵ûôȻôҪкã
æ˵˾ܷģղŵԶȫūϵҵǽϵɽ»𺣣Ҳǲܾܾġ
Ŷ࣡ҶĵͷȻѾΪҪദӲ̣Ϊ˳ƺ㣬ȸȡһ֣ţͽɣ
ƵˣǿЦݣл˴ٺ٣̫ˣĲãµһһ޶ţš
ϲͺãҶ΢Ц˱ȽͣԺͲҪˣͽҶɣ
ˣҶһеԾ಻𣿽ҶǺƽƽˣ
ǵģԺͽҶɣˣڱΪɣ̧ͷ˵ͦ۵ġĵȻ
õģҶһȻһ߿ĳȼܵĽɫ棬ΪһⲦϸϿմٵʱ˶ȻΪһʮߵ꣬ݰף罣Ȼ֮ѹӡ
ҿôӢʲôеˣҶǰԼҪӢֵӣеﲻƽ
˼ҡҵ״̬ӡеľսս˵ΪҶͷѣԼеÿͷˡ
ҶǰĲɿһȴԼˣҲеЦˣҵ㶴ȥȻ˵˵
ʲô˵˵ѵǴģһѽ
ôǴģ㻹ʲô뷨ɣҶȻЦݣ˪˵
һռתֱ£ľսս˵ûУСľԲʲô뷨ֻǱ纣һֱͱȽųߣԺ㲻Ҫ͸¶ԼߣȻĻܻ鷳ġ
纣⣿ţȷʵǴظյ˴ģ͸ҽ¸ĵΣԼֲҶ˵Щʱɫƽ֮
Ҷָĳ̬Ц˵˵㣬ǵҵĶٸϸ˵ɣ
Ҷˣĵͷʾͬ⡣


875 ֲ
תΣǰٷȥҶ׷Ϸ㶴òҪˣʲôٳǰζ֮ʹɢ𣿡
æ궼ˣһʲô˵Ҷˣң˭Ķ֣ҿɲҵЩ׳°װ
Ҷ֪ͺã
ʥŴ½Ͽһ󼱷ɣת۱һϿȣɵ󣬱㽵һʯǰʯϷš֡
ϳôҶдʲôط
ٺ٣öߣĿ߾͸ˣͷҶһۣתѨȥ
湻ģҶ붴Ѩĵһо
Ѩͨ˴ߵʯȣҲ֪жٸʯ
ڼļػڵĺޣ¶η֮ɫĸҶԶÿ˵·
ۡˬĶѨ˶ٷ򣬲ŵ˾ͷ˰ǽϵһ鲻۵ʯͷͷǽڱһʯҵʥ
ʯţһıڹ⻬覣ȻһͰ񣬸ߴ׵ԲǶʮҹ飬ɢͷ쳣͵Ĺ⻪Ǻӡ
ͨҶǰһûǹﲼõݻ̶Ҫ۹ĵ۹𵱳Լס湬Ҳй֮޲
óﻹֻǸҶѣΪһϺëƤӵռ档
Ҷʯɵ̨׷֣̾һﻹܣǮѽ
еȻˣƬ췽ԲǧҾ̫ϻʣҪʲôûС
ҶЦ̫ϻʣ⹬Щһģ治ɫʲôҲûаĶǲǡ
ĿɿڴֻһͷӦ˹æ˵ҶĶ㿴ãǧҪҿ
ҶЦЦ˵𣿡
˵ãȻãһж㣬ԺеĶģеĶҲġ
ܺãҶסЦ⣬ĵͷȻģҾͲˡҲĽжռΪеġ
Ҷ˵꣬ߵ룬һƨһŻĴɳϣˣҲ£̸̸°ɣ
ЩнվҶǰ
ҶЦЦɫĶ˵˵ˣ˱Ƚͣ㲻ɣһЩ飬Ҫúأ
˴˻ơҡһϻ̳Ͽֵӡ
ΣҶ΢üͷ֪һԼй˼ɣԼڴﵽĿĺͳ㲻ǿԷˡ
ǣҶº󣬱㿪ֱӵȻ㲻Ǿˣ˵˵ЩʲôǿӲɣ
󣬱㻺˵ȻǴ浽˴Ӧ˵纣ˣǱ纣ıǣһ½Сʮ򣬲Щ½뵺춼һЩʵǿļһռˣкҲࡣڵ½ʥŴ½ңŶΪ丽ڻ鵺ǵɣʮ󵺣ȻС켸ٸ
ռе½ѵֻҪԼʵˡҶһɻѵⱩ纣ûһǿ
ģֻҪ㲻ˮȥռ̣ϵĴ½뵺Щˮǲܵġ˵
ŶˮҶĸȤʵ֪Щ˵˵
ɫԱ䣬Ĭһᣬ˵ˮ磬۸ӣϵѪ鹬ˮ鸮ڵ磬񼶵ǿҲȥǣĴ޻壬ÿҲ۰һ򣬲С
Ĵ壿񼶵ǿ߶ȥǣҶűӵĴ廹Ǻǿƣ֪Щļһ֪𣿡
Ƥһ£΢΢˸ʹһĭǿ纣ˮȺд½˺ֹǧ򱶣˵Щ½뺣񼶵ǿ߶Ĵ廹ٵˡȲ˵Ĵ壬˵˵ÿоǴﵽ񾳽ľʮֲ֮׳滹һҲļһΪı񡣡
Ҷﵽ񾳽磬Ǹʲôﵽʲô磿
ҡҡͷصĴڣ˵Ҳ֪ˣڲĳԱҲ֪ҶԸп磬࣬Ƿ࣬һЩǿصĴڰԼǴ񾳽Ҳõ͵£Ȼ˵ͶС
Ҷǿ򶨣ȻһЦ֪ˣ纣Ѿ˽⣬Ҳһ˽⣬ٳһ㣬źá˵΢Ȼһʵ֮Ū屩纣ٽЩȻһ纣ڶٵıﲻ٣ҾǽһȻ󡭡


876 
˵Ҷƺһ£Ȼһ̧ͷȻ˵ȻܻΣգȻѾҲǿ룬ֻҪңǸҪ֮ȥͳˣ֮һԽ黹㡭
Ҷδ˵꣬˵򵽵ϣߵ׵ȥʲôطҶԸȥڶɽ֮ǲ٣Ҫһʧͱȡ鹬
ܴ񾳽֣ˣħʾ֮Ҷһڣ֪Ҷ˼һ˲ӦκһǿʲôūҲǿΪǳĵ亦
ˣ͸Ҷ飬ȻٿȴԲ¶Ȼ˿ҶԼ˵˳Ҳ̲סˣڵϡ
Ҷһ˿ĪЦ⣬˵ͷȻɫ֪ӴԺԼ΢ЦɢڣЦãã벻Ҷ˸ֵܣ
˵Ҷһᣬŵ²˳٣վͳɣڴ֮ǰЩĴˣҪԺһ£ɱɱ÷ŵķţ֮ԺʥŴ½ˣ
⻰һ£ͻȻЦãȥЩһԺҲˣٺ٣ҪС¶첻ãүӽ͵øĺСүˡ
԰գǶûжôڿһšһ֧Ƶģ䵽ϿգȻ΢һתۣƮƮͨȥһͲӰ
ҶȻһۣڵȥأǵøϽϲҵһ֮ڣؽ٣
ϢһᣬЩСһﻨҶʱģƮڴ֮ϣȴԽԽԶȥˡ
뿪˶ҶһᣬʵģҲȥ
˶ڣֱӱ˺ߡ
ãã򡭡¡¡治ϵˡ
ϼǴ˵ϣߣʺϦϦȴ˾ƣͶˮУΰεģɫĺ󣬶Ⱦҫ۵졣
䲴ɳ£ʯ档
СзȤġ
дʫǺУҶһٳ˳ȥһʯ
ԼԴ󣬺һֱûкúõǺϵ´һļ꣬Ҳÿϣûúõܹһ죬ÿ춼ΪԼʵæµš
˵ˣʵ˵ҪϾΣķʵΪûʵԼСҲʱ̿ܶ
ҶվϵĻҲ㣬̧ȥĿľɫǱˮɫһͷӡ
α纣֮У֪˶գҶﰵһһľ޴˲ͣĻŰߵĽʯ濴ȥƽĴһʵȴǰϡ
ڵģһɫ⣬Щ̲ĺˮҶЩۻˡ
ףиСҶ·ʮﴦһɫС㣬ϸȥȷʵһС졣
ҶΪһӰǺС켱ٶȥת۾ʹﵽС죬ΧŴ˵һȦ˸ʵĵطͽɽдľָ滨ĺïʢ
ǰڵϵʱ˵ĵжȼ٣ѣ󺣣ǰԼҲһô飬䵽ǸʲôζҶĵҲ÷һԼǽģֱӳ漱ɶȥ
ʹ졣Ҷ̤˶У˫ֻӿӭϺХĺ磬ԽԽ𾢣·ڵйꡣ
̤ˮͬʱҶܵһ˿Ȼָ֮о˵壬ֻҪĲĵ
Ҷ鲻ԽԳХһּд˿ȥӵ幫ķΧ֮ڡ
˿Ҷ˶˻ڴ̤˶У纣һ˷ˡôܵСˮˣƹҶˮ̤ˮϣŹǷһؿҶʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͣûʲô£ķһ£Ŷ
꣬ҶȻһ֣һ޴ˮȻҶתҶһ죬һֻʮĴƯѣһֻôҶץˡ
㳢ҵգߣҶһԾֱӴӺ֮Сϣֱߵ̲ԼѾõĿԱߡ
գ٣ȴûԹ㡣£ֱ䵽ҶԱߡ
Ҷϴˢɾ󣬾ͷڿϣʱʱķһ£һЩԼȡĵϡ
͡
϶͸˳ûԹʳŵֿζˮ޲ھͽӿȡ£һˣȻȣΪҶû˵ԡ
γɵڱпĴ㣬ժĸҰ֭㸹֮Уڻտ˻
ˡҶֱӽһΪʮĴ㣬Ҷһһ룬ҧһںҶʳʮʹؿʼ
Ȳ˹ذһһӳ˸ɸɾ鲻ԽͣҸɣ̫óˣֻ˵㣬Ҷǲ١Ǹһһ¡
һϣҶôһ㣬¶ǣȴû˿仯
˼ڵҶ̧ͷһһѾ꣬΢΢һ㶣һһﱾһͷҲȻˣ˵ͷԣҿû취ι㣡ô˵ǣҶǽԼûһݸ
ٺ١л˹ԴȥڵسԺǾͶɡҶ̻ʵ΢Ц
ڳ֮ǰһҪһСˡڽһһżСҹС
ҶӹҹϸϸĲ鿴һͻȻˮԪ飡
һ㱦ҶȻǺʶ챦ǴϺѧԺϿ
ΪĵˮԪ飬ǵһλǰͻ񾳽ʧʱȫԪˮԪ飬ں糩Ҳ࣡
ҶдϲˮԪ޹Ҳܷȴܷˮκ˴ˮƽء
ḻ˼ĵر½Ҫö࣬ԽԽ࣬ѹ޴󣬾ҲǱһǧѾǼˣ񼶱ȸҲǱǧɵˡ
˱ˮ淨Ҷһ·Ǳ֮ʣҲܸõںѹһˡ
Ҷе֣ôԵ޹õԼôһˣ˵ԼԵһ˿꣬ҶɲΪƾóϷΪԼˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ۾Ҫȷһĳ⡣
峺һ˿Ҷţôң㣬ˮԪʲôֹͼ
Ҷȷĳ󣬺ǺһЦȻһ꣬ԺҾཻ֣֮
ٺһЦлл㣬ҶʵʵҼõ࣬𣿡Ҷ΢Цĵ˵ͷվߡҶֱӳҲҶ׷ȥ
ããһƬˮɫѾһء
ںХŭţϲӿҶôڴ󺣵´УһͲˡ
ĵ£û޵˵ǷǳƽҶ˵г̡
صĺչǰҶۻңܿ߮ƺҪе۵ס
ײһţɽϳɺ̦ȺԶε˸ŵУɭָߴïܣԼо޴ĺɽﴩ
Ҳʱι״ĺͻȻſ죬ǰιϺ븹УȻǿߴ棬ⷽУֵ쾡¡
ڡ仯ǳ֮󣬱ҲڷԣҶڡϣϸ鿴ͲܷıϣҶôһࡣ
ֻҪﵽʥ磬ͨƤҶں´Ҳĺ磬ͲĻţ߿־壬ˮаԼߣҶǷǳء
ʮ׵ļױϣֱҶЩ󣬲ſʼ붨콣¼ľ
ڲľܲ΢ĹĽתѪҺġעӡ£
ÿһڶ޴ÿһϸʮ㣬ڵ³´лҲΪ
ٿԼ뷨꣬Ҷط֣䷨˫ȡٶȱ֮½ؿ˲٣ֲ֪纣Σ֮ҲҪܵ
֪Լ䷨˫ˮ׵ľ˱仯Ҷ֮͵Ц˺һƽ뵽붨ȥˡ
ڶϣҶˬش붨ȴȵطתǾ޴ͷһĿõĿתؿԼ
ιô£˿ҸʲôҶ΢΢һ㶣ˮвֱӿ˵ʶֱӴʵ
ٺ٣㵨ӻô֮У㾹ȻҾΣķȰ㻹ʱ̽ĺãڿǰ档ʶҶԺ
ĻҶ̧ͷǰȴȵط֣ԼǰһƬ޴ӰһƬʴ̵ĺȺסǵȥ·ֲֹͣǰˡ
ҶҲʶ鿴Ƭӽǧɵĺףѹ޴ʶ̽ĲС֪޹ͣͲǰҶʸף磬˷룬ҶδӴ֪ΣǲΪӪСһĺá
֮鶼ϡ٣ܹɻһǿ֮Ȼкϡ裬ԲӦôïܷʴĺ壬֪⺣ôһ𣿣Ҷ֪֮ôһƬ࣬¶֮ɫصѯʵ
תŷʴ壬ĬƬ̣˼Ƭ̣ͻȻſЦ
䡣
Ҳ˵ſھһˮƬȥζˮϵԪӿƽغˮγһ޴УֱɣﺣˮȺбӿȥ
ҶҲ֪ǿʲôĵӣ㶼ڣ䡣


877 ޳
һСᣬǺȺҵĶ·ݷһͷһ㣬ɵĺҲ
źˮķڣĺۻһƬͻȻּУðӿ
ҶĿǰȥǰȴǳ˼ʮͷӴĴ۵غޣֻǺΪӴÿһͷʮɳ̡
ô㣬ЩһﶼɡҶԶεЩޣаԾȴȻ˷
ҶֻеһԭǻҶˡ
ʲôҶɻŴ˿̵ȴ˷ܵʶЩʮ֮㣬Ҵм֮Ѫʳذ취
ֻʮĿֱӸЩ޴Ĳͬλ
໡
ֻһУЩ޴Ծ˵ٶСֻһѪЩڡ
ҶĿɿڴû뵽ҲԼͨ콣¼ȡ꾫һ֮
һЩ޴ľľѪͱȫˣֻʣһƤͷЩĶӾȻû˿仯
Ҷ޷ʮͷ׳ôྫѪȥˣıҲʮ֮ʳԼľѪҲӦе㷴Ӧɡ
ۣˬѪںЩ𾳽ľ㣬һƾĺޣٶͺˣЩ㡣һ̾һ߽ʮź޵Ԫ׸Ҷ
ҶһһʳôľѪȻûԱ
Щ޵޺ˣôħɭ޵޺״һҶӹԪ飬һɻЩ塣
ȴһԾô㾹Ȼ纣ĺط޵𶼲֪𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷԼ治֪ʲô
ҶͷȻе֣ǵ޵Ԫͺķ˲࣬Щʲô޵޺˵ȻˣҺ޴Ϊ޸߳һȡ
Ȼ£Ҷоѽ𾪹𾪣ҶҲʼתԼĹ۵㣬Ͼһħ磬һЩ˼ҲΪ֡
ˣô㣬һʮͷŵˣҶŴ˿̵壬ʳôྫѪȻһ㷴ӦҲûС
ȴֻǵľѪѣѪ⾫ѪھҵĴм䣬Ѫ⾫Ѫأûжٺ޻ᡣ
Ҷ޻˵ʲôûжٺ޻ᣬҶôؼֻԼġ콣¼һȡ꾫Ĺ֮нйȡ顣ֻ˵ȡ޺ˣħû˵ʳѪġ
ˣֱӴӺ贩ȥ·ɣڻûзʲôĺޣ⺣ҲûдԵôΣ𡣡ҶЦŴ
ҪǰҶһŹʮͷ޵Ļ꾫ģȡôҶе㿴Щ޵Ļ꾫ˡ
Ҷǰȥһ·ϣҲһʮͷӴʳʮͷ֮ҲˣѾļˣҪúһˡ
ǰʱҶڷ˵һͷʥںޣһͷڹ꣬ڹһȻȴ̼ˡ
ΪղųԱˣҲû׷ҶҲȻóˡ
ȥҶͻȻʲôʵ
ˣ㶣һᣬͻȻ˷֪ܵһǳõĵطǾȥǰɡ
ʲôط
޳ǣ
Ҷʱһ
޳ǣ֣ƺӦǺۼĵطҪȥʶһ⺣磬Ķʵ޳Ǹʲôط
һ磬³ѪǣΪ˵һкܶ߾ۼĵطɢޣҲкɢޣȻиָӵĺסУҲֻȥΣǳ˲ãֵʱɽ˺ʲôϡ
Ҷд󶯣æǵطھʹȥơ
Ҷһ˵ڨڨһЦеεǵطһʱᵽˣ
ŶҪöõʱ䣿Ҷüͷһѯʵ
һĭ˿Ҷ˵ҵʱסڱ纣Ͻǣȥ޳ǵġ
ʲô纣ϽǣǱǣϽǾȫٸ·Ҫһʱ䣿ǰȻסϽǣô˱ǣҶе˼飬Ҳ̫Զ˵ɡ
е㲻˼˵ҡ
ϽסòãܵġҶһɻһӦòϼ·һطӵ°ɣ·;Σգ˵δȻ˲⡣
Ϊ밡ģû˵ϽǸһ·׷ɱġ˵һŭףȫԱ߻Ҷôһˡ
ٺ٣ʲô¶ĳ޲һȻ׷ɱ㼸ꡣҶЦЦĿȴȫûղŵľٶ
ڷй͵Ҷһۣɫ죬ʱ˿ſЦһ̾ʲôޣΪŮ߹
ߣҶʲôϵ


878 ҽ
¶Źֵɫƺ˵ߵ顣
Ҷ⣬ƮƮ˵㲻˵ˣֻеѡ
Ҳ˵ֻҵ˽£֪Ҳûʲôܸģʵǻ˵ŮתۼסԼͣƳҶһۣһЩʲô飬ˡ
ҶȻЦ֪ˣǲѻŮǸˡԲԣǺǣֵĸ鷳Բ˵ˡ
ȷʵˡ̾һŤ鲻ԽصԴС˵ģԼԼģǣġ
ҶԵЦЦΣҶ֪Լ˵ܽȫƨԼҪܽͲ˼׷ɱˣԼ鷳٣Ҳںٶһ
ҶЦǰ¹ȥˣҲǾˣڼȻѾңܲܣģʱʲô鷳һ
Ҷ̬ȳϿң֮ˣг˸мĶ飬ҼסˣԺһж£㡣
ҶȻһЦԡУıΣǿķǣǾ̫ĺˣҲ㡣
ĵİɣ˵óһĵ
Ҷͷ˵ãȸһʹȥ޳ǡ
Ҷô˵ӣзŹ⻪Ȯ֮ͣͷĺˣǿԴӱһ·̽ȥи鱦ԽǶ࣬ȻˮѹԽЩط񼶸Ҳ޷ǱȥЩжٱġ
ʵǱ̽һǲ뷨ֵԼʵǿҶԼҲ㲻ˡ⺣УֻҪ̫Σգű㹻ˣȻǰǲȥЩϹＶҪ˵Լʵô˵ԼҲﵽ񾳽磬˵ǿɻ۹Ǽϲĺ޻֮Ҷƣˣһ·沨ʱɣҶ鲻Խ˾һϯ̸Ҷޱߵı纣˺ܶʶ
ںˮд࣬ĺޣȻȴˮµĵرΪ鱦ΪԼΪ˴ɱΣճ̶ȱ֮ڴ½˲֪٣ԼҪʮСˡ
ˮ׽˼㣬Ҷһٷʢ󣬱Ѱ˸Ϣ
֮ҶºңԶĺ޳ǿ񱼶ȥ
纣֮£һӴĺɽִһ߹Ĺڻ򺣵ɽ嶥ˣɽ֮ϣƽ֮ϡ
һۿȥֻ²򹬵أ߸ǳȺ
ĳ֮Ҷǰ֮ʥ˴֪˶ٱ
Ӵ󺣵ɽ룬ӴĵĴǣÿһռǴף֮佨л԰Ժ¥ȵȣ޳ǵĻǴﵽ˵֮ЩɶߣΪǲס
һ֮Ƭˮİߡ
˵òᣬһԼʮңòͨһϮֲºͣһԼʮңȴЩ룬ʱĶ
ʱ޳ǵ˲࣬һǱˮһ̸߽
Ҷȡ鹬ͱ鹬ֻºѵ֣ǲǱˣҶ㻨һʱ䣬糾ͣҹ̰ŴңԶĺ򱱽ǣִﺣϽǡ
ֻǵȴһСС鷳ΪΪ纣ÿһ֮ʱǳϸԴʱҶʵȥӦǱܵ鹬Ļɡ
ֱӼ鹬ں޳һ鹬ϵ룬Ȼ뷨ϵΪɵˣ֮鹬ĺĲţҶ۳޳ȥ޳һƬɵĹ֮У߼ʡ
ʱҶ⺣޳ǵϿգ⺣޳ǵҲ޷ۿ
ҲֻˣߣھͽǰɣӦһ޳ǱȥҶ΢΢һЦҲȥ
޳ǴǶ޳ǳſڵʱ򣬲ŷֳŴѾӵ֮ڣ󲿷ֶǺޣҶ٣ֻˣҴ󲿷ֶеͽ׶εߡ
ʮȫףɫֱֳں޳ǵĳŴڶҪڵÿһ߽ϸŲ飬ͨߣܷнڡ
سǵĲϺзϸۣͷ޽ǵ֮࣬һ࣬ĹΪǵĶ黺ƶţ˽ʱֵҶ
ſһͷţǣϸ۵ĺޣҶһۣһ죬ȵ
Ҷһʲô
ǺһۣľԴôҪү˵͸ɣ
Ҷɫ΢ŭȴ⺣޳Ƿ룬ЩǷѣ
ԣҶȻǺ޵Ҫ٣
Ǻֻצһ룬Цͦ˳۵ģүҲΪ㣬𾳽޺˼ɡ
ţһθҲǲСҶһü̽ڣֻоȻֻж޺ˣȫʥڵģЦڵ޺ˣ֪˵ܲÿʥڵĴ棬û˵ꡣ
Ǻɫһ䣬צ޺ץУȵôӣǣȻȻ˰ˣȼ˳أٶ
ŨüһĿӿɷ̤һ׳޺ˣЦҪ޺ôȥ
Ǻ޽ӹ޺ˣʮ㣬һƣȻǿʥڵ޺ˣɵüЦ뻳УǺЦ˵˵ӹˣʲô˵תкں޵ˣǽȥɡ
ں޺ȻӦŵ֨֨޴죬ֺ޳ǵĹһ˸صعŻÿһҶ˳ǡ
Ҷһν뺣޽ĳС
һκڰͨǰȻһأеĺɫĻɢԴԴϵͷŨ
ؽֵ֮ϣӰ߶ֳۣȣȫۼףغף޴ؽΌ塣
֮УŸɫİ壬й¶΢ϢԲߣҶомǿ֮С
ڽֵ࣬ɢһЩ༫Ϊ̵꣬Щ̵궼ʯΪ̵֮⣬һι״Ʊ̵֮⣬װΡ
ҶһۣЩ̵аڷŵƷʵϣĽͷŶĵ֪Щ¶Ǻ챦ʲôãǾ֪ˡ
֮ϡ
ĺһҶͷԸоγĳн֮ЩԲеĺޣǽ츳ȫѧġ
٣ҽϾҪʼӪҵЩСëߣϽȥɣҩҽʥһ¿ɲų֢һΡֵ֮ϣͻȻһ
͵һȻȵĺ׼ĳȥ
ƵֻƬ̼䣬ȥ¥յĴ֣Ҷ̲סĳ鴤һ£ͷʲôǻҽ
ٺ٣רŸ˿ĵطֻЩȴߣΪߣҪвǾ;ԲСһǺκõģΪߣƽ֮£һûЩСشҽ˴Ӱ˿һӰѸٵܳҶ˵
ԣҶüͷһбʥʥڵҽϣɲҽʥ٣ȻҪҸм룬ҽƺǸȥƬ֮ʾ⣬һͬɱȥ
ں޳ǵĳĴһֵľ޴󳡵أɼӲĿħʯһĽϣݣҶϵ˴֮ʱɽ˺࣬ſڣĵȴš
ҶֳһǰһˣСʵкô
˼ΪݺݻתͷҶһۣҪŭȣҶıʱĿһæ¶Цһ޳ǰɣ
΢΢˵ͷ
ѹˣٺ٣⺣޳ǣֻҪñĶĶʲô¶ߺŵġ˵СһۣŽһмǣҽǹġָ߸ڵĴӦ֪ʱ˵жôҪҪߺ棬óĶֲ⣬ǾΪԹӣһ֮ˣὫΥ涨֮ˣ׷ɱ
ôߺôԱһͷЦףԸܳɹǺǣҲֻףԸѣҪǲܳɹֵɾͲˣ
Ҷ˺һۣ˵ͷ˵Ҳδ͸¶Ϣ˵лΪ⺣޳ҪЩڣ͵㹻ʵȻͲҪ룬Ҷ˵ĺ޳Ǳ
ȻƵҶǵȻģҶ˵˲û¶ı飬ԵöҶӹˣͷֻ΢΢ɨһۣȫð˺¶ѿЦݡ
ƾǵʵҪȥӦòѣ´ο֮ʣǾΣǱȥͷ⣬Լ˼ҶתƵǾ޴ĳ֮ϣŶӵȣ治֪Ҫȵʲôʱܽȥ
ˣλʱѵźöӣһοɽʮˣ׼õ˽ɣֻʮӵҽʱ䣬û˿ëͺúðλᡭһ쳹Ƭ֮ϡ
޴ĳϷռ΢΢¶һ޴Ŀն
ৣৡһӰ˷ֱܵԾ£˻ҽ
ʮ˽ҽǿնȽʧ֮ʱҶӹһĨâЦһ߰ɣڣӰ˲ʧԭأٳʱǵǶ֮УǶʧˡ
׼ĪǶһۣ૵ôʧˣ˵һܽʮôŽȥʮˣӦҲν֮вŶ԰
ԣҺ񿴵ʲôӰͷ˵᲻ǡ
꣬ǧ˵Ȼһ˶ǿߣǵġǻǲҪţ´νɡҽС
ֻƾһ̨ǰֻ̨һС̨Ըţ̧ͷҶһۣڵߣⶾм䣬ұߡ
ԣҶ̧ͷȥֻ֮УŻÿŻ϶ƣҷֱǲ֢֢֢ڣʱطֱȥ


879 
ҶģҲⶾģϸûˣӦˣϸһ󣬲ſڵ֮ô̸
һˣʵ̸ιСкˡ
ʱСƲƶӣ̨ʵ̸ʲô£
ҶȥСƣˣֻ˳ðС֣أֻ϶ղһֱǰϴҶһʼҲûô⡣
ȴΪҲλƣûͷСƵӦġ
ӦСһ漴һмҶһֻۣҽʥ֣շ췹ԣ˼һҡ
⻰ϼͻȻŤΪѿȻǰЦ˵ʲô˵һԣ
û˵꣬һ죬ǵĻͷ΢΢һͷȥֻⶾŻڣһλŻȴ԰׵ҽʦҴ˳
˻δŪҽʦɫ԰׵ãСС
ʱվҶԱߵС϶ǰ㾲˵ʲô
ҽʦڣСС
˲ͷС϶ǽⶾŻͥԺһСС
ֻСУվŶȫۣߴ쳣ĺӣ߻վһ£ͷͷֻͷĿʮֿɲ˵òȴȥƣڰҹΪˡ
Ҷʱȴһûв´ӦǺȻܻΪΣ˵ΪѴﵽ񾳽磬ֻһ˲
Сľ񶫵ᣬȻǱ˹ġ
˺ͣһůΣĸȫֵ۵ĸܷվһԡ
С϶ȥкˣ߽СǷʲô£
ֻŲͷɨС϶һۣŵٲҽǾͲҽ
ʱֻС϶ʵʲôҪҽ
ͷβѽ˼ҳβʲôͷ
С϶ĵҽ
ǲͷһ˿ɷ׺ݵƨʲôˣҪ˵
С϶΢һҽļӣҲ֮ˡ
ӣͷǺðʦ
С϶üͷһ壬Щ˾ȻſضҲֱ֮ʱ˰Σŵ˵˼Ҳڣ߰ɡ
ͷŭߣҽӪ
С϶룺˭֪ҽĴӪĪЩʦĺѽģǿɲܺǷͻ뵽ͻȻϸ˿һۣϵı־ʱͻȻɫ΢䣬С϶ɫЦ˼ȷʵڡ
˼ҷŵ̬ǲͷҲе㽲ҲЦʦڣСĲΣʦ֮ͽȻ벻Ҫƴǡ
С϶㶣ȺܺˬĵͷãҾΣλҸ߾͡
ͷϲȻ룬룡
С϶ߵǰһˣȴͻȻһǸɫĲˣչò浾ᣬЩС϶Դ
ҶŮӣҲΪò˰ΣŻعϸŵĲһۣŷķɫڲͬȫ¶޴ʺɫñ޵Ļ䣬Ҫγˮ
۾беϣСһۺС϶ŻعС㣬ſ
չ˫Ҫ˵ˣֻҲŵĺɫɢܣȥЩ졣
ЩСͷɫٱ䣬
ǲ˽ˮ龧Сͷⶾ˲ᰡӻһö룬һ˵ڣͣһ̣ڱǶֱᣬһ̣ɫֱ䣬ҡͷⶾҲû⡣
ǲͷ󼱵ôû⣿
С϶ãȻǽڵ没춾࣬ȫεˡ
ǲͷ˵ʥҽĵӣ仹ⲻ˵Ķ
Сͷ˵ңʦ˼ңҲδܽСϵĶ
ǲͷµǲܣһҪκҼСĶˣʦȳҽβˣƴǣȥҽȥ
˵еҪ֪ǷͬСģ˭֪ǰЩһˣֻһ棬ҲûǹʲôֽţȴǽСŪ
СȿɱԼҪĶ࣬Ҫǻȥ֪ԼСˣǺ룬£ΪҵҽҵҽСˡ
֪һ·˷˸һػûΣܵˡ
СͷµͻȻվ𣬳βⶾˣǿ߰ɡ
ǲͷϼͻȻŤҵǲǹⲻҼС㣬֪˭
СͷӲͷƤҲ˭˵ĶʵλС֮ǰνֻܹҽ̫ǳԲˡǲͷɫΪѿֻȻβҼС㣬ҲǴˣھЩ֮ܵ
˵ŭȣһȭ˪СͷҪȥ
ȭҪǻУƱҪСͷСͷôɫ䣬ŭԩ޳Ϊγ˶֣꣬΢̧֣Ҫסһȭ
ȭͣСͷֵܵģۿС϶Ҫһȭ֮£ͻҶ΢΢ͷǲͷĿٿ֣תۿɭ˭
үңмĿͷһۣŻͷǸС϶ߣôС϶֪ԼʲŴԵתһȦǲ亹΢΢ллλӳ֣С϶Ƿһ飬ԺõС϶ҽҡ
ɾʱҶǲŮϺԽԽ࣬ѿҪϾͻȻǰֵסֹӣΪ֮
ңðҼС㣡ǲͷһĻŭգǰһȭҶã˭֪Ҷ̽ӣǲͷʵʵƴһȭ
ǲͷֻһɾԼֱ۴ԼͻȻ׷ɶ˵ϣһĻ־ŭطȫ֮վһһҶ
СͺúøүվͻȻǰͷǰĿһ۵
ܾҼС㣿ͷۼⲡ˿ҪˣԲҪɱйߣʱĺ˴һվԭء
Ҷüӣͷͷһо𣿡
Ҷͨҽʥ䶾޲ģһ֪飬϶ش𼱣𼱣һоȣ
ǲͷϲС㣬С㣬ûУ˵оȣ㲻㲻ˣҲˣ
ҶûǲͷɫֻȻüͷֻһⶾȻΣȴѲ£ѾڣлЮһĶ棬ⶾϸС۶ܿѲزһʱ֮ҪЩѶȡ
ʱֻǰŻѵҽʦ˵ʦ嶼֪ʲô㾹֪ƭ˭
Ҷ̧ͷ˿ҽʦһۣȴû⡣
ҽʦҶɨۣ㲻ڿǲΪҽʦûֳܹ裬һʱʱתůв˵С㲡ΨʦΣСӺҽһͨȫҽС򲻿ƭˡ
ʱ˵Ҷܿ˵Ҷһۣһ˿ɫǰβС϶ĵҽĲô
С϶˵ͷδ𻰣ѿҶҽڣ鷳ˡ
ʱǲ֪ôҽʦֵС㣬ʲô˵ʦղųȣڻܿ˵ˣСҽҩֻ֮ǡʰʦŻݡ
֪ǲͻȻЦԱߵʦ壬֪ʲôеʲô
ҽʦûڣС϶ѵСĲޱȣС϶ҽǳʵڿ˵΢΢̾Ϣиҽ
ȴС϶תͷλҽʦЦ˵ҽҩ֮㲻֪ȴ˵Ķˣ⻰˵Ī뺦Ҳɣ
ҽʦղſڣֻǼҶʦķͷǸҽӣʱ˷ѣֵ̿ҼӺС㣬ֻΪСӲǻҽˣδ´ˡ
ǻҽˣǻҽʧüͷ壬ɫм㻹ʲôվһȥ
ҽʦԹԵ˺һ
Ҷ֣룺ҽ纣򣬵λҲǲһ㣬ҽʦǸ߰ĺܣһôͽλˣ֮ԳΪѵⲡɡ
ҶȻһЦ˵γ棬;һˣ˵ж˵ʧ֮գ˥֮ʱ㾹Ȼ˵ڵĶ棬а취ôҶֶϲ˵ĹֻҪڴйһʱ֮䣬֮ǣһЩĹʳ£ͱضᷢ񣬿ԿѪ⾫ǣѪűǿйǣһֵزʱ޾ˡ
ͷǼô죡ǵС㡭
ҶͷͷЦλСһʲҿСڹʧ֮ʣæǰԼڣ̣ڶȻ֮ǣ½⼸ʱ䣬Ƴһҩ裬¾ͿȬ
ͷеǿȥѽɵվʲ
Ц壬˼Ҹβö㡣
˰̣ʹƺǸղŻҶ³˸ͷװͰ͵ôҲΣҪΣҲҪΣβþҪ
ɫһ䣬䶢ŹѵҪ˭
ŭȣ΢΢һûü˵ȴŮҶЦ鱩꣬Ǳϡ


880 
ҶһЦûʲôҽĿľھˣСϢһ£ȥҽռҩҩ衣
ҶĻĳ¶һ˿ЦݵСĵصãղԼǺ˵˵šġһԼһǶ⡣
Ҷ룺ȻóԸȴǴֱɰѸղŶ֮ļС˲١
Ը۸ܷʰůΣȥ
ҶҩС϶ͻȻǰסҶл㡣
ҶתҪʲô
С϶ѧаκˣ
ԭС϶֪Щͷ̫󣬲ǣҶεúãҲͰˣβãŪǲҽͿԵùˡ
ҶȴҲ֪С϶е뷨ˬشղ󣬵߳еġ
ֻ߳ôС϶ɫͻ䣬ŭô֣֪Щ˵ô
ݣҶɻʲôݣ
Ǳ纣Ĵ޻е壬ŮûпӦĹ뵽С϶ͷһͻȻУ㾹ȻûоԵİգҾͲ֣Ĺ鷳ǻҽҲѲ˸ϵˣ
ҶҪסҶҶбһ
С϶һ˲УٶҶȥɾʱһ죬ȴҶĶģҲ飬ȴС϶Ȼϡ
ֻͷЦֹΪҼСƶҿѽУһ̶Ĺ죬зС϶ڵϣҽеס֣ס֡
ͷסû죬ǵҪס𣿿ûôףһҪ˰ɡ
ֻһֽӲϴͷнгÿһõϵС϶ҽһеʮڵϹƤѪʹѵ
ԹۣΪҶȻպС϶Լ֣ȴٿȥס֣
˭֪ǲͷһʱеǹҶĺȣÿһС϶ʹ尾ӱֵùЦ
ҶȲסҽ΢һߣһСʯʱΪĩڹ޽䱸䣬ЩĩѷУͻȻż㶼䣬޼³еιιҰôң
ʱв˵Ц壬Ƕʦҽͬˣͬ࣬˼в̣ȻҪչһˣҶЦ㲻ҽߣΪҲǺˣ벻оȻȴڣʲô֣
ҶĽôʹã
ŭСӣҳڵۣҲ㣬С㻰ĪҲҪԵͷ
ҶЦԸֱߣƾղŲпľٶ϶ϲ㡣
۴еô˵ۻ׵ĳͷ
ҶȻС㶼˵ͬ࣬ȻۼЩ࣬ȴܣʯĳͷټˣضϷ졣
˵ôĿ
ȴһֱûпڵ㲻𣿡
ûҶǱôףǸ࣬ҪסĲˣι㲻С¾ͲҵĲɣҶɷԳУ
˵ǾͺãһҪɲǻ˵ģȲڸβҾ;һǵĽ
ͻһ״Сƿǲ˻壬϶Һ
ƿӣӦǰһЩɫҺ嵹С϶ĿС
ҶС϶ҵģһۣ૵֮Ҳδ̫Եˣ
֪Ц£ҪһЩѲĹסǵķЩôԹõΨǴˡ
徹ȻܳΪ纣Ļ壬ͱзǳ֮뵽Ŀ£̾˿
ʱС϶Һ󣬾ȵϿɣòˡ
С϶߷ǰҶϣҵĸ룬Ҫ¡
Ҷ˵һ
С϶ŭȵ㡭
ҶЦȵ£Сʱʱȴ֮⣬ô˵Ҷǹܶˡ
Ҷ˼С϶ֻ÷ߺ޵Ը㲻Ҫڣ˵գȻתȥ
ʱ̧ܷůߵҶԣỽ㻹ûʲôˣ
ҶͷһƵҲʶ˵꣬â£ⲡ˵ɫˣҲþˣҶ뵽ƲᣬŵС㣬ʲôȥ
ɫһʱת䣬ЦϽС㣬СģúòŤգ˽ֽоͽҾˡ
ҶƲ⣬ҲʣС㵽ڷϢȥҩ԰գ̧ȥ
ҶԽԼС㣬ԸԼвã⣺һҪĸԸĻҾ
粽Ȼ壬ȴĹĺһ㡣


881 
һܿȥ
ҹҶŽõĽҩõڷ£ҶС㣬㰲ڴϢһҹϵж涼ŵģʱǾӦȬˡ
Щûأ
Ҷһᣬŵģŵġ
Ҷ˳⣬ʵɲƽʱԸôô£
Ҷҡͷ˵ʵҲ֪Եݰɡ̾ϢһҶҲĬĬ
Ե֣ҲǴλᣡκͻȻڵ
ʲô᣿ҶһɻĿ
Ǳ纣Ĵ֮һҲӦӵ˽£Ǻαȥ鹬˵ÿŻöÿγ֮ʣñ纣ļ󶥼Ϸ֣ڵβĹȥ壬ֻҪǼ£ӦÿԽǷŪ֡
ҶЦЦȥ岻ѣ룺Լ˵඾δ壬ֻнԼأֻһȴδ̫СΪˣ
ٺ٣Ȼа취ҾͲˣ˸ĹǷ˸Ұ˰ڵȥ˯¾ͽ󡭡¾ͽң洫
һ˯Ҷ
ϻһһʧˡ
ҶʧıӰһۣűӣ૵һﻹԽԽˣ
һҹ޻
ӷҶСڵĶ𣿡
һҡͷС˵ϻж档
ûˣĪǽҩˣҶüǽҩ⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ
鷳ʲô
Ҷǲǽҩ⣬̫͹ЩˣСж̫Ҿ̫ҩ޷ЧҪѨʹҩЧ
æ˾ȵףϽСʩѨɡ
ҶѨʩΪѣңҡ
ʲôѽ
ҶҲһɵģ
һѳʱˣѼڴߣԼϽСȥֶ϶ϲ˽ȥɰ⣺⵹Ǽ¡
Ҷ벼ѨҿЧ
ǵ𣿡
Ҷ˵ٲκã֮ǡ
ȥɣĵв㣬ΪС㣬Ҳֻôһͬ·ˡ
ҶȻһЦ䣬ڴϣŴ⣬ھĵģûһϢ
ŲͷһۣҶЦӣⶾβˡ
ҶͷȻ̸Ц򶨷Ƿǰ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷ࣬ѨЧ
Ҫķ֮
ҶѨһķõҲ룬룬󣬻ữǧţë룬ЩһʩõĲã֮ǡ
Цҽʥ֣㾫ͨ޾գͷѨҡ
Ҷɫ²ֻ֪ͨ˷ʵʾ飬С㣬Ҫ˼һǼؽҩķҩ̫ضСҪ̱
ӴҪ˯ڴǿɲɣӲҪԥ춯ְɡ
ãȻˣðˣҶӣһɵϸǰҶȡʮŸӯ߳룬˵С¡
ʱֽܶţԣҲûʲôֽѵֻʣ±¿㣬˼ѣתͷֻҶΣһɵòȻû˼Ըֹͣѣ룺ǵѹⲻˡ
ʱ̲Ҫ𣿡е
Ҷ̾ѹ⣬ֻҲѨ
Ҷҽʦ׻˵ҽ߸ĸģȻǸĸģǲڸĸǰӦûʲôúߵģҶҽʦ̫ˣҲ̫ǱˣǰģкηԼҪβȻβ͵һˡ
һҲȥˣߵıս۶һ̵ֻԼǰ
ŮԼ⣬δ˸ȫһȥ̵ֻ˵ơ
һͺȵ𶯣
£ֻȫһ飬һֻӯ߳뾹ȻûУŹƵƶѣȲһһ롣
Ĳɣ룬Ҷ룬ִƳٳû֣Ҷʮһ꣬Ȼ֪ͣô£ʱѱҶؿ¹ײһ㣬ҪǸطǺã
յʱҶûж֣ȵҪ⣺Ҫ־Ϳ춯֣һӹȥˡλҽʲôӣΪҶٳٲԭǺµĹϵ
ʵˣҶҽβԭһͣͲǰΪҪһСģΪ˲״Ҫˡ
Ҷ룺ʮ룬ɴ룬ǧҪ򹦿һʱȲ
̩˵ϣҪ֪δǰƸѨǽȥ˷Ȼһֻӯ߳壬в֮յʱҶ⻤࣬ĽһµĴҪ
̱꣬ˣⲻϵ̱ϵ̱һƵ˶Ҿƣûһ
ҶһѨڽţ٣۵úʪ㽫ЩҩýСٷһΡ
ۿƣ벻ӣ˵ĸмԼȻرǣ·˽
⣬һӦŽҩ˽£˱˳ȥ
ڶȥʱѻָ˵ķɫַһҩһ룬볣ˡ
ͻȻҶҼСѲҪȬҪѶǱ̻ȥˡ˶٣ֵ֪С㣬Ҫлһ㲻ɡ
ҶЩ΢ͣ˵ϳлС⼸ջҪ룬Ҳֻˡ
Ц㣬˭ܾС㣬Щ΢δ̫ǫˣȵ壬лȴٲ˵ģǾ̰ɡ԰գڳһֻСѣڿһʱһĹ
һ̣ĸӰ죬˲УֻλŮӣÿŮӳ磬ò쳣ȴ͸ŹȣǱѰ
ЩŮӹߵǰȥ׼ܣվͶ壡
ŵλŮӦһиѸ˳
ҶλŮūӺζ˵ǸģôЩһֱûټִӣһ죬룺ĪЩҲʵȴֲôǿ
ɻ䣬߳һЦҪһͬô
Ҷűӵûβ͵óףȻñСҽʥ֣
ЦӲǳˣ˭ǸС㣬˶ҪüлСŮӻĺôġ
С㣬ǳˣһǹңͻȥɣ
˵ͷȥԸǶ౸Щ˵Ҵ߳
ҶĹϵͣȴΪֽǹ壬ҿʵɽУǿ׻ҶЦЦʲô
û꣬һӰԺС顯һˤϣŶ󾪵ū
ˤϵ˰ŮӣǸղȥ˲õλū֮һҶǰֻǰ·Ѫ͸ʪΣһ̣Ҷʵô£
Ůū˵֡֡ˡ
Ҷæʲôˣ
ūֻ˵֣һûϣ˹ȥ
ȵλūȥˣ
֮дһֻӰ䣬顱죬ϵϣѪģȴǸղȥū
Ҷ̧ͷɨȥʵ˭
ֻԶ߹âһ߿մֳһƬɫâת˸ͣڱ˰գɫâ¶κ˰
ԶԶӦһ·ƾѹϢһ㡣
ҶɫǣâλÿƶȻ߲ơ
Ϲ֣һɫһ䣬Ŀ¶ľ塣
Ȼ֪Ǳ棬ͶԹվŲҪһ󷭹һɭɭĻﴫ˳
վƨϼڱүǰ񣡡⻰ɫŭһƮƮתתǡһƬƣವһС
ʱϷɳѨܽ󴵵Ʋν󣬿û뵽Уֱ洳룬ȴ紩д·һϰ޲档
һʱ䣬ͻӰһ촫еӷɻأ˳ŷһ֮ǰֻɫ࣬촽ϣüëͷϹһ˪
˾Ǿȣɫףɰױ죬Ȼ³һѪҶһǰȥȡƿһ赤ҩ£ת󣬶빦ѹơ
һ˵ǻ쵰ĿɶУûרģټмһɼϢǴӾľ򴵳ģ裬òҽȥ㱻ǻ쵰úҡ
ĿĺǼѣټǹŹֺʵ룬˼䣬ҶֵȻôΪʲôҪģ
Ҳ֣үұ֣ȴˣܴˡ
ãʱͻȻһæС㣬֮ǰĹˣǰʱҲ
СǹˣҶԣƣ·񣬾ԶԶĶ㿪Ƿǣ鷳ƫƫˣԼƫƫ鷳
ƷǱѰϵߣ˵ǸǿߣҶҪùˡ
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882 
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ɾʱȻԶͬʱһضɽҡ֮һĽɫͷȻӰĵطֶһţһɻƝĹӿô˶ӵĻɫš
һɳһη쳣ļæһ䣬Ҫܿ
棬߿ǳˡſЦ˲ͷֳΣһ㣬˷ľУͬʱֹ֮գǲʱа
һæ·ҲһֻۣͿմͬƝһƬ֮ĵطȫڡ
һĻͣ˶ݹ⣬ö񶾵Ǿ޴ͷݵû뵽˾ȻԼ޵ı˵ŮǶ۰мӣ
㾹Ȼ֪ҷȰ㻹ǿ뿪ɣÿ˵һ仰ͷ϶к£沿ҲǲѣȻ챦˼棬ҲǴľʹܾóֻ֣νˡ
˭֪ת˼ȦͻȻͣһֱΪԼɻµһɽ쿴Ŀ˵֪Լɻвȱݣ
ϼһ㾹Ȼ֪ôУǰˣǻ²Թ˿̿⼫汻Уһʱ̲ס
ٺ٣ǴĿ˵ʩչ˵ҪĶˣ񡭡˵һ٣һֵȴһǿʹ浯ָƣкξ֮У
ߣƨôΪڻ֣༥СţƤ̫ģ˶Ƥ
ôͻȻǼʶһ±ʵһ񱩵ͻȻٶշ𣬴һţΧİ׷ӿĿУ˲䣬ΧѾһĺǡ
顭顭顭
ʱ𣬼ϵİɫͻȻһһ͵ıѿһű֮ӿγһŴԼУвٵĺγһɫȥ
Щ֮ʣȫŤţƶȻǣӣʵٱʮࡣ
񾳽磡̶̵˲䣬澹ȻͻȻ񾳽ʵ
Ҫˣɫ䣬еСߣŻƮ䣬ӰһѾеļ˹ȥ
ɴʱļȫ񾳽ʵƵѸκβ˴˿̵ļˣδѱڼܵ赲ס
¡俴˹һۣһѾһӡڹϡ
һȻɣȴûҪ˹ǵѪСλߣ¿ɾҪˣ꣬ٶż˹
һﻹӲԼһƾȻҪ΢΢üͷһƵͷͷ¡
Ҷһۣ˵ͷҲͷϡ
ȥס˳
Ҷȴ˲ǰ˼һƣҶҲһľһȻ̹ǵĺϮ
ǿĺǿҶƳ˿󣬿еļɰ˼
ȴԾĶҶ벻ӲǿһȻȫɾʱͻȻƺ뿴ʲôɫһ䣬ˣ
ϹһȴֻΧȴʼնһ㵭ĹȦ˳ûǷϮ
ڳһۣĿͣϣڵֻҪʵʵ³飬ҲǲԸԼϾ㸸Ŀͱ潻ҲЩˣɢһЩĿ㷢񡣡
Ī䣬ͻȻ²˵ⷬ
ҪԼڵ飬Ȼ΢䣬򶨣ϴڿ˺ҾЩڣʱͱ㶢ˣı˺ܳʱɣжҲòԶ壬ȡ֮ģһֱӱֱ֣ƾ˾͵õ飬Ǹǳ롣
ԣɫԽǰػ˵ˣ㾹Ȼ뽻飬ͲҪֱˣһα滹ûϵǾȻĿϣҲܵ˵ˡ
Уؾ֣һģݲ䣬һ֣һֻ֣ó㣬ĻƵؼǰ
Ŀбӣӣߣ㡮׹أƬƬۼףϣءɫһ䣬ѿڵ
ЦСҴûô֮ԵˣһֹͨҼСģǺǣˣԼֻԼȡˣ
˵գʳָӦָԾƬƬһʺ̸ЦУȡ֮
Ʈˣ뽫ԼջЩüһ㣬ٮٮ䣬ˢһϵ֣ٽӰϵķ롣
׼䣬ֻҶĿһתһʱסǱֻ֮˼һۣЦ϶۸ŮҲˣΪλҪ۸Ů˵˫΢һһҶֱֱ
Ҷһۣͷããһ֣Ҷеĳʱ壬ɢһأȴЩ쳣֮ݡ
ۼԼĹҶȴ˿⣬ת㱾챾ޣĴ̰ȥԿ£ǿ˰ɡ
ͨ죬˵˵˭˭ĴˣҲŲߡҶĿ棬һپлܾϤһʱֹɫԽߺ죬ɫ֬Ⱥġ
汾뽫ǣ֮ǰһֱû㣬κԼȴ֪οٺ٣˵˵ţЦ
϶ҲôΪҲ֪ĵϸ治֪ЦЩʲôʱҶȴ˫ֱ磬¶һЦЦɫ
֪ЩʲôȻֺܲõԤУ˫ĿҶ˫һ½ճȭ
ʵҲʲô£ֻǿߺ񲢲⶯Լڹδȶǰڴ½߶Ҳǲңҿ϶ʵʱǿʱҲǴǸĽ׶ΣȫһսҪȥ˰ɡҶ̧գǷһ˿ļЦ
˻ɫֳ࣬һ
ãܺã벻Աʵͨ͸û뵽ܽ½ʷе˵Ĳ۵飬֪һ˽ٶ࣬ҲһȻЦݺݵ˵
ʵҲαҪƴƣɱǣֺ֮Ҳ뿴ˣи⣬ǴӦ£¾ʹ˷ֲܡҶڱԵļɫ˵
Ȼ⻰Ϊ֮һգ¶ϲɫĿҶã˵ɱǧ˵Щű߼ʵҪ󣡡Ҳ治Ը⿴ֽ
ȻҶǺЦ᲻ű߼ʣһһ˵Ҳһͬģ
ҶĻǷ׷״󾪣ɫͬʱҶкξģѵ뼫ͨһԴﲻˣ˸һʱ
˵ɣиʲô⣡Ȼ֪ҶлߵȫȻҶԼʲô˻
Ҷ㲻ͻȻǰЦºܼ򵥣С׺öռβ治ѣСֽһʤˣСӶ˵תȥȻСһʱĺˣʤ㣬ô
ôҲ˵תߣҶҪԼֽжʱЦѣ쵰ǲ֪жߣж½ʷûǿһǿֽʤ˵ġ
һоڣǿһǿߵκоٶǵƿ֮УͬʥҲָܷɽһ㣬һҶҪûһԥһڴӦ
ʱ϶ҶֻǸսİ벽ǿߣ֪ǿߵһȻǱ⣬ҾûӦЩעУ
֪ҶҲЦҲ˼ֻǴʱݣһ벻ǵķۣӦöЩʲôˡҡͷԼ䣬ɫΪա
ٺһЦװˣͽСѾͷڵ͸ң
⻰ɫ䣬ŭˣΪҼСıԴҪ飬ܵڣΪǰЩ£˵ǱǵģҼСʲôϵ
俴˹һۣЦ˭˵ϵҪСӺһţѲƾܱסСѾͷߣֻڳ͵ˣ
ȴҶȻСӿɲǶ£ţС֮ԳͷһֻΪСµĲˣȻµĲģ¶ȻҪȫ·ƽε¿Ǻٻȥġ
ֻǽҵĲˣ
ҶһȣЦСԲӣκ˲ȡЩǺİɣҪˣ˭Ҫȥ˵һתۿлᣬǻֽһ¸Եɣ
Ҷŵ飬Ҳ֮ǰõֹ첽Ѱ˼СӲԼȻһ־˵СҲ࣬Ӧòʲôȡʤɡ
ȷųԣʳԣΨаڣɲҪ۲£֪ˣֱʵභʹ졣
ҶƼ϶΢΢ЩɣЦϼһ˵ĻóȥˮܲҪôСӻɣ
ԽҶô˵ԽǾԼϵˣˣʱȴ棬Ҷһ󼷶ңһʱ˭ˣ˵Ⱦͱȡ


883 
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Էüͷ壺Сӹ飬Ҫʲôй⡣ʲô˵
ҶЦĶע飬֪ʾԣ㶼ȻЦ
ȴɫŭ˵ӴӦ㶷ǸӣȻҪӳĶ֮תһ룬Ķ˫ֻһԼǲЩΪѣµСһʤ˵ɣߣУСӣˣҪòСѾͷڵ飬һһŹƽֳһɡ
ԾһĶ³ݣмҶ֣⻰Ҫ֪Ѷˡ
֮ûȨʼģԼˣԼȨ֮ΪɣȨȫԼϡ
ڼУȻ˵ʹҶԼֽſɰϧĺܣԥδ϶ˣҰ㡣
Ҷ𣬼ȴϲüң¶ԷڣӿڵԵ棿
Ȼ޷ڡ
ҶȥֻҧӣҶһ޺ޱס
Ҷ֪ΪͻȻ֮䣬Լͱ䵭ͷһãȻԼһˣʧȥ飬ԼǽӺԼǷôһϣ治֪ΰˡ
ɲǼ䣬һɺ֮ӿͷԼԲ䣬е˵
ʤȯգЦʲôأȫ㡣
ҶЦǾͺã˵ͱֻǳ;̫ʱ⣬ڴ˵رȹ
֮Լȡ飬Ҫ֮һ־֮ֻҪһɣʱߣҲù˼ʲôˣ˿̰飬Ҳսپ
Ѱ˼ƾСһţֵ;ߣҲࡣãȫ㡣
ҶһȻԾ֮Уȡһſ޺ˣڰлһȦһ߸ó֮ƣ˫һģżЦˣɣ
ЩƮڰеȦһۣתͷҲ֪ҶЩȦʲô΢΢һᣬڿսȦС
˿߸ҲǸ죬֪Ҷ⣬͵ϸ￴һᣬ߸ԲȦкЩ죬ƫƫֿǡ
дգŪʲô飬˼Ȧߣˣҡҡ˰죬ŵҿǽˣΪδ̫Щ
Ҷϸ߸ȦһۣսһݣȦУЦ϶ˡ
֣üʲôƣ
ҶЦɲ˵
һڣŭСӣˣ˵꣬һƾҶ˹ȥǼһƣԾһˣʵûʲôҼҲΪһƾܴҶϡ
ֵ鷢ˣۿһƼҶزҶȴûκܣһ㶣ȥҲΪ֮һּ˼֡
˭֪һƽʵʵĴҶӰ֮ϣȴû˿ֱͣӴҶӰȥƲֱӴҶд˹ȥͷһۺµҶɫ䡣
ȭͷҶϣͬգֲĸоرѹ֣񡭡
ȻҶӰı䵭ֱʧ֮⣬ҶӰֳҶ⿴˼һ۵Сүû꣬ôͺＱˣԹҾȦзɱס䣬˭˫뿪ЩȦӣҲ䣡
ЩȦӱ˴಻һɣ΢һطȦϣ֮ʣٿղЩ˼Ȧûиܵʲô쳣ͣסˣھͿʼɣ˵䣬ѷѧ˹ԣһ־Ҷץȥһץȥ硣
Ҷһצץȴ΢΢һЦҲһ֮£һ࣬䲻ݣȴسɴ֮ܣڶߣһߣ㴩ɣִˡ
֪Цһ벻㻹ЩȦӰһɱһЩȦƶӰߣȦеþ֮ʱ֮ʣ£Ѿʧ
ٴγʱǵҶı󣬵ϵһĻæȵСģ
ȻҶȴ޶ԣվԭضҲûѴ񱬵ɿıƽҶٶȷǳ֮죬˿̾ҶչҲһܶ
̶Զ룬ת˲
һצҶץȥͬһצȻ񱩣ôѸͣһץƿ֮ĹҲһצУֻצ绮ܽҶץ֧顣
һߣߣ硭
һצܿҪҶҶȻܣվԭؼżĵ
СӣΪʲô˲õı£ԭֻֻֽϻѣβΣһμʵʵڸоҶĴڣۿһצҶһϲ
СԼ͸ԭԼˣֻҪˣʣ˸ͲΪˣΪСӰʲôԼҪɱҪѷģ˭֪ôסԼҲԽԽˣ뵽


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צ׵ĻҶĻû˿谭ͷ·ǰͿһһ㣬ɼ֮еѪûг֣Ҳͬûг֡
ãһȥɾʱǰɫ䣬龹ȻҶӰֲǸǸǼ١
ʱڵĹۿȴһܣֻҶ뼫һӰ٣һֳ
׷Ҹϣʱʱ֣·˾ĿɿڴôҲû뵽ҶȻԲ뼫һϳ̡
տʼʱ⣬ֻҪһʼƾΪҶֵԽԽԼĳȦ֮С
棬ȴֲȻðȻֹⳡȶҾҪֹʱҲһﻢµĸо
䣬һһʮȦӣʱϷʱ衣
ۿȾҪ֣ȴܱҶڼ䲻ݷ֮ʶߡ
ʱһֹв⣬ҲĪĿԲɣɻ󣺡ʱ
ֲ̾ʵʱҲҴȣԼλ֮УԼǰУҲǲԩ⴫˵еǿ߿ոһΪҲΨಽˡ
ȴЦǼ̫ɵˣȻҪˣҲαҪʲôԣǼǻʲôȦӣһ˵־ɱаʮҶҲǵָ֮䣬һˡ
ȵͷ⻰ǲ١ȴǼֻ¸ӲҶļǣȻǽˣ㻹ɵǮ
Ŷ˵ȴԽͿҶУɰ
ö޹ɴΪ꣺֮ץסСЩϹУƽ뵽˴ؾȫҪһٵмӰ
ɾʱҶͻȻ
ҶȻˣæǰҶһ˷ܵʤ
ʤƨ뿪˵أԽԽãûӰסˣӦֻ¶ѱСҶ԰գԶʣӶȥ
ôʲôһãȻסˣǰҶȴԼСˡ
Ȼף𿴵ҶԶҲǸ棬֮ϷɱǺܿ췢֣Ҷ֮ȴ켲Ǽӡеĸֲһ
ǲף˵ҪϿȥΪȴݲȣĪȴˣ𣿡䣬ȴһ˿⣬ȴ֪Ҷǰ벽񾳽磬ɶǲˡ
ҶͷЦ鷳ˣ
˵ͷͻȻ֮ͻȻһɫ䣬ǾɣֱΪȻתΪҶɫһץסֱۣԾıϣβһڣǰ洩ȥ
ӦǱ뾡ϵüǶһҶͻȻڵ
ΪʲôҪܣûлشҶʻɻȻ뼫ĶһռϷ磬ΪʲôҪ֮ߣֻʤͿô
ҶһۣЦ㻹ִĹȴʲô֮Ժȥ쵼񡣡
΢΢Щ콿תǲ㶮ôѵˣҲ֮
Ҷһ㶵ˣ
ɲô㾹Ȼ˶ĶͲӦܣ
Ҷˣ㱾£ЩƴΪʲôΪľԪһеĸʵȴһеı֤ȵȥʱˣûлˡ
䵭ϲŭҶ̾˿Ц㲻ҪҲţǻ쵰˵ĺ⻹һǰںնңҲȻʩǾͷ
ɫһۣͻȻڵ޳ƣˮ޳Σ˽УǾ͸У˳Ǿ͸ıƣǾ͸ıƣʲôԵ·˵ĹֻбŻȥ
ҶͻȻ⻰ҡҡͷֻǿЦ
ĬĬԵ˵ͷһ˿ıź޳գɱһһҹų˺ޣɴ˿ɼ⺣޳ǵжһ캣Ϊ壬ȥ
Ҳ˵˵ͷźˮȥ
ҶӦ𣿡֮⣬΢΢Щ
еģһ˵꣬Ҷһۣƺ֪һʡ
Ҷȴе㲻ţƬһ޼ʣκӰһƬûʲôĪǻķֲɣ
Ҷ飬˿û⣬ӣȣҲˡ
ҶЦΣ֮飬㲻ʲôұͳˣȴ룺Լȥȡ٣ԼǰԸ񣬻治֪᲻֡뵽ҶͻȻ̾Ϣһ૵ܻᣬҲɲɣ
˵ʲôᣬʲô᣿ȻҶ
Ҷɫ΢죬æûʲôˣ˵ҶĵУ̧ͷǰȥֻǰˮͻȻһģİӰ
Ҷɫﶼ׷̧ͷǰȥһӰˡ
ҶֻеˡŴ˿ֻ̼ѴӻþлعϼһԸ֪ԼϷˣ󣬶Ȼŭ˿ֻȫ׷ǡ
ü׷ڷ״̬µļʲô鶼
ӰԽԽһһǰɫĹ콢⴬вĹͷƣǴܷ״̬˿ˮǱá
˵ǼȡãԾҲֻӵмˮʻܼʻĶеλ۳ͣٶȷǳ죬ʱͽӽҶ
֪ʱȻأ˭ڼʻ
Ƕ硣
Уͣǰֻһųţ߳һλߴ͵Ϻòȴ޹ǰڰϣʵС𣿡
ǰȥص磬Сˡ
Ϻ°ţɲϲɫĺС㣬ϲĶҽˣյǡ
ȻҶվһԣϺһͷָҶʵ˭
ϺǰЦ壬ҵĿˡ
Ϻɫ΢䣬վԵĹûеõ
ҡͷϸ֪
ǰϺһҾѹɤ˵С㣬Ŀ˲ۡ
ҵľˣ׼ϴģ岻ҪϺΪѵϡ
Ǳ
ϺͷҶһۣһ˿ɫ޿κεϴɣҶʱͻȻҶСĶô⴬ѽ
ҶҲ֪ƬˮӦòķֲ˵ֹ֮Ҳκķֲӵеġ룺ϺĪı֪С㣬֪磬ȴҪ֣ѵͨѶ
룺ʻȴ֪˭Ī⺣ϵһңԹԣ϶Ůǹ۰ģȻöɢ⣬ʱӦ
ϺǰûпҶΪʱ߽ϸ鿴΢ǿߣֿҶΪЦû뵽λҲǿߣ
壬˵Щʲô
ϺָҶЦǿߣ֪ǶǿߣҲֹˡ쿴ҶһۣŵǿɲȥͶҸ׵ġ
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Ϻȣ½иڴʮ׵ˮ֣Ǽ׷׷Ҷ¡صڣ룺ȻǱ纣Ļ壬񣬶Ҫлʼ֮񣿡
Ҳڵϵˮֻ֣гŽūһһˡ΢΢˵ͷйͷ
Ҷǽڲڳոū˾ƲˣֻʢװƲ˵ýϸƬɣ۹ĵ۹ݳ֮
;Ʋ˸ǷʢѾȻȴһҲԲ£ǶߣΪߣЩʳٸʲôȤԣһϴǾͱĿϢ
Ҷȴνζǰ֪ԼʱѸҪԶˣҲǰ಻סᱭͺȣЮ˾ͳԣȫ޹˼һƲϣҶֳЩˮ˶ڵϢǺ޵ϰߣһʱҲȤȥԼĲշ
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ںǱУһ谭ˮˣձ㽫塣
һգڤ룬ĴȥȴҶʳָʾּҶ֣ȳȥ
عβ档
УߵһձǰҶڱϣ編ʩΪϸ΢ԼǹֻҪˣСȴж׷ܡΨһ֮ƣǽõС£׸ϣܽ


885 Ŀ
ȴϺӿڵǼһｫСĶκú󣬲֣˭֪СĶ⼸춼ûɫѵ˲ʲôǼһСβΪɣЩǰָֻţԾӣű
ҼǶ˵ΪȻλǿߣ˳ηǵȴֵģûסͿɾѰˡǼһǿһ˵ĴڣţֻҪסֵģΨ־ܡǿֹԽǴһһˣպĵλҲȻͬˡ
ľȴгƬֵ̣ʵƵס
ǸʶʱСӡϺɭȻƹˣǼһóԺúȣײʮ̳ҺƣϵٹգɵִˡʱǽףƽΪɣֵСӺȾƣЩԻҩȻܻ׽ֿһ֣ˡ
⻰Ҳûȴɵ磬ֻȹҵСϵĶ˶𱨣ƺס
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ɣҶתסĺ͸䣬ɰ̾һزУ˵ϵˣֻĮ飬Ϊˣɲŭ
鶯׹ֱðԲǻ
ҶЦϺǸļСˣȻֻΪ˽ʱ𣬶𱨲Ϊ֣ҼУЩʵڲΪ塣
˵꣬Ǵëֱ̫ơ̾һԼôԼΪˡ뵽΢΢ЩЦ
գֵ䣬ÿÿƼ벽Цͷ̣¶ʹɱ֣һʱҶĻǿ
䣬ѽ߽磬ϺȻ룬Цֹӣձɵ壬ˣС˵ˣ˴ܹŹ壬ֹŴǹʶҪ룬Աл⡣
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һ𿪿ڣҲǿЦСܻ壬޹ͣҲпͣΪֻлҶȴлң壬񲻳˰ô
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ʱԴ֪飬ֻ֪δϺҶҲҪƣҶͬһ
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ߣԹ壿һ˲Ҫ¿Ϊ
ҶҡͷԲԣԹŲҪ˶ˣȾƵȴֻйôһ˾ǴЦʹȴЦֻҶ
ۼÿһƣϵĺŨһ֣ҲýЩԣŪΪԣأҶתƻ⣬˲ſЦ
ڲ˹ƾֺȰգϾȾ죬ҶȴɫʣֽЦ⼸ͬ۹ã࣬ǹ壬Ϳ๦ߣ룬Ʋ塣
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תȻǰվˣȥ·ȴҲˣٳȥǶһô
ԣҶֻתûУ


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㾹Ȼҿ񣬾ԼпıǮʽݿ죬ܣңᣬղᣬӲȻͬһˮеһ㣬ҶĿռѷд


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ı죡ʱҶƵϴļЦƲɵһҶ˻һӡϣ˳ߣЦˣ
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ĿҶһۣǿŰͷ΢΢̧һ£һǿ֮İ׹⾹ȻȻһƺյͻȻһ
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ҶΪԼƵĵؽ׷˿ѷ׷׸ƣȫһȻŷҶҲѵһֲĵزȴһЩˣҲ߳˿Ѫ˿
ٶȺܿ죡ҲǿЩҶܳܵˣؼͻȻֵİ׹⣬ͻȻǵ׹⣬ңҲѵĺܣǵ׹츳ܣҶӵվ䶢㣬һâȫٴ÷סܽһˣҲЩ˲ˣɨҶһۣӻΪһӰٴҶ˶
ϻ̫ˡҶҡҡͷƺݺһ̤棬һը죬֮һӶǳ˼Ӳʯ֮ϡ
ը죬Ҷ壬ǻΪһĲӰһĹڳ֮˷Щ
ҶͻȻٶȣǿͷɫԽԵЦһצ٣һͨڣ̵¹ֶ
趯䣬һ׺ľ磬͵ǰӿֶһŴ̶Ʒ֮ݺݵĶҶԴҶ
ҶԴ΢ƫȭͷգعâȭͷţۻͷŵ
¹ƣҶǰһȭЯۻľݺݵĶǴһƬӰ¹ȥ

Ľཻ˽ִŴ˳ĴһȦ͵Ҳ¹ȭͷ䱩ӿ˳ʱҶΧĿռ䶼ı˵ѷ졣
ջ¹׺ĶԺ֮䣬Ųм˼Ҷȴǽ˺˰벽ǽȹ
ԭϲӲģٺ٣ڱͺġ̤زӣ㿴ҶһۣǰⷬӴҲǿҶʵƲƲ죬мЦ
ûĻҶ˺ĽŲȻһ̤ٶһ㱩ڵȭͷ֮䣬һ󼫾ѹȵķ
ڼ뵽㹥Χ֮ʱҶ͵һգ徹ȻǹĺƵλãɾʱһˮͻȻʱȻҪˮС
һĻ˺ȻУſڣ³һҲƵˮȻƿ˵Уɻ˾ģ˾ǣǵˮûҶ󣬲ûɢһ
Ȼʼٵıϵλתۼ䣬ˮȻһһ޶ˮˣֻˮĿͣȫʶһ㣬ŲӣҶ
ֻΪһЦƵƵſڣˮϴ³ȻûһҶ³ˮٱ仯γһˮˣ̶죬룬ҶΧ


888 
ҶΣҲ죬ɿǴˣȴɫףʱͻȻˮֹҪСˣ
Щϲˮһ٣ſڷѾͷ㵽˭Ľ㣬ҪˣҲϵܡƣɭɭ
Ǵúë૵ȻҲֽ֮⣬⡭һʱ֮䣬ȻҲ˵ɴ˿ɼֽ֮жôֲ
װŪҪΪҲı壡ҶۻǹǹƩ綾ߣûϢЩˮ˵š
ԭֹˮҲĴη壬ûһǹ֣Ȼ񣬷ҪȲʣЩˮ¶Цڴţˮǿ³
һУֹӵģЩˮлǣ⣬Ҫǣ롭
˵ͻĿһߴѾͷľ֮Ҫƽô
ҡҡĿףһʱ֮䣬Ҳ¾ˣһ壬һȴԼϵ֮ˣֱ⣬Ϊѡ
ʱͻȻĿֵģСҲôöԸģóˮ󣬿Ҳȡʤ
ôԴϲæ̧ͷҶȥ
ȻҶзЩˮһ˲䣬ǹ˳˳ȥ
֮ǰҶеЩˮˮֻ֮ڻ·ˮεǹ֮ȴǿնģǾȻѪ֮ȻѪ
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ν֮ǰʮŵˮδʣȴƱĳ֮弤ֱߣշҶ
ҶԴнε֮εħնɱ٣ּεˮˣҲЩɵۣȵˣˮ
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ӰЦã̾⺢ӣͰҵģԺ˴ˣֶϽ֮ˣôǺã


889 ᱦ
ЦҵܼˣҼβźá
Ͳ˵һûһӰһۣȥҷȻͽΪ֮֫ˣɲСˣøϽźá˵ձ㣬ȥˡ
ҶŶ˱ӰЦ֪ģом뵽ȾЦ־̶뵽ӰǷִȰϧԼҲ뵽ġ
Դ磬Ľĸ۰ûһȻһɹţ᷿
Σֱҹ죬̶һЦſڡ
촫⣬һ뱼
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һأҶⶰɭΰĽ棬ĴӰӰ߱ȻҶѾ嶼֪зҪӳˣѶΧ
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890 Գ
һĻĿ֮˼ãЩ˶Զŵû뵽Ȼϲ㣬֮ǰҼ㣬ΪֻΪмΪβ֮
Ŀ룬ͻȻ̾˿Ů⻰治ǴӦҲ֪ҶԾĳ谮̶ȣǶȻΥģ㣬вʣЩģ˾Ȼ㣬ȴ֪Ƿ
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ҶЦҪҰ£ȥرضݣ
ĿĵֻҪҶضݣϷ⻹Ὣ¼ˣΪһ֮£֮µĴڡ
ҶһȻѾôĻȲضݣȥʲô
ûбҪ֪ĿЦú룬Ҹһʱ￼ǣȥǲȥ˵ǰĺˮԶֿĿԶˮȥ
Ŀһߣ;ԶĿЩֶڿĻش
׵ˮѣĿĹ⣬ȴûȥһۡ
ʱֿǰˮ˹Ҷϵı飬̽ŵ֪ǽ㲢ѣҲֻƼˮѣбҪôô
Ҷ俴һ۵㣬ʱô졣
Цޱͬ񣬴ͷԷɣɨǰѩĪ˪ô¼һһֺܶ࣬αء
ҶĻ㲻ȥ
ЦˣȻǣҿɲΥͷӵ⡣
ҶߵķǣĿΪʲôһҪõضݣҪʲô
Ŀ治֪
Ҷҡҡͷ
¶˹ܵЦݣҲ㻹ǲ֪ĺáȻҶҲһԻǲ˵ضʲô
ȻĿҪضݣΪ֮ãΪѸҪǶȻҪɻɸ˵ܡ
Ҷȴ벻ͨˡ
ҿͲؿǣͷӶ˼ɵӣ߾ߣﻹûȥ㣬ֺαҪһȥˮԳ壿
ҶĽԼе콣ڣȻˡ
һ仰˵ˡ
ÿ˶Ŀжպ֮ɫûĿȴû˳֡
ˣĿ㿴ҶһۣתߣֻҪ֮ʣ˻֣һᣬҲֻøҶȥˡ
˳˷˺徳ڣȻˮ棬ڿնӰӰҶ
ҶͷЩʲô
𣡡
Ҷ˭𣿡
ЦЦ㲻֪
ҶЦ֪Ͳˡ
㲻֪ãһֱҵ
ôȴ֪ٺң˿ȴҲұֵġ԰գҶˮԳ֮طڶȥ
ߣҪŹͷһϡ
Ӱ纣Ͽշɱ˰֮һѸĺâͻȻͣ˱纣һ½֮ϡ
Ҷӭڰ֮УպͽµĴ½ɫء
ԴӽƬ½֮ķ֣һվȻŵĳѪɫһƬǸĿգǺҹǰ׳ѪɫδʧĴһ˿Ѫζ
⻹˾ȵģ˸ӸеȵǣЩѪɫζУԼо̺һּԹԹ֮δ
ҶƣѯʣһȻ֪飬ȴǲ˵
ҲҶĺģȻ㲻˵ֻԼȥŪﾹʲôھˮԳĶᱦᣬһʱ䣬㹻Ū¼ˡ
еɻռ½ȥɾʱͻȻһŨҵԹӵϳγѪɫԹɫڰŤȻڱŸ״
ҶܲͻԹɨУʱһԹָϮо̿֡塢ΡȻԹޣͻȻܵԹϮʹҶڿ֮ݵʧ״ֱֱ̬׹ȥ
Ҷ󾪣ųֻס׸ԼԹĽӴһԹɫзɿĬһ龲ڵɷ˳ȥڵѪ
Թĸţͷ俴һֻۣ˫ֻ¶Ц˿ȴǼ裬˿ʹҶ̬ҲЩŭˣܿЩԹ
侲·ȥҪ澿Ƿʲô¡
ɵҶµʱȴ־ŭˣ˿һƬï֣ܵУģӰֻЩȴͨˣȴûһߣʥŴ½࣬ûʲô
ŭǣЩ֮ͨ󣬾ȻͷޣЩι״Ʒ֣ǸЩ֮ɱ졣
ۼʮͷ˳תۼ䣬Ѫ⣬˶Щ̵ȥˣʮ˽Щ޶ӵһ˲䣬ʮɵԹЩͷðġ
ЩԹγһɾ޴˵ӣɡɱļңǹԹԽԽŨ
ΪһĻҶȻͷ㣬һִݼ˳ô£
ҶһۣҶѪʱȴͻȻһڵһ麣ȦĴ½ȡʳ
ΪʳӿУϵҶе˿˿⣬ۼ༴ΪЩ޵ʳҶֺתΪǻŭ
ô˵Ҳһ࣬Ȼ࣬ô;Բ鷢ӲŲܣȫϢͻȻȥ
ӰּһϢƶһôӰ֮УĿŲԶǸĺޣЩΪߣߵҲ𾳽磬Ҷ˵ȫֵһᡣ
ʱһͷλĺһ࣬δ⼸̰ܵһۣɿȥ
ҶĿкâһȻӰԭʧٴγֵʱѾһվͷ޵ıջеѪĻ꽣
ͷ޵ҲûףԼôģֻԼѪһѪðѪݣ֮һԺͨԵڵϡ
ɱͷޣҶ΢٣ͷҲصķǰȥһ꽣ڻҵ֮С
ֻҪޣ˵ɱ£֮УͷޣǶʮͷޣʿںޣޣ˵һģһ¡
ҶĶ׵ĴԽʮɵľ룬ǵĺ󷽣Ǻ޷չɱûһͷܹϮɱ


891 
ĵطһƬţЩ־ϲǱǰλȣʱû֮ˣͬЩ֪ʲôˣô
һһ¿ˮȴʲȥҶĿͻȻɨʱЩƵʱһ
кʱڳ඼׷׾ִУðŵȿֺԶȥǿˣʮɵľ룬Ҷգһ۾͹ȥˣǸͲ˵пǱڵĺޡ
ǧɢȥֻЩ޵ʬ壬һ¿տֻɢѪζ
Ҷɱеĺ֮ĬĬһþֵǣþҶ۹䵽ʱȻèһҶҲ졣
ôߣҶǿͻȻ俪ڵ
ֵǣǿþһâ֮ϣȻһֻ򾪾ŤҶ۾Ҳ˿־֮ɫ
Լڿŵһ࣬Ƭ½
ҶҲڿɱ㣿
ǿþϵȻ̾˿ұûе㣬ΪʲôҪӣ˵Щޣֻһ飬Щûаϵ
ҶȷûеңֻҪҵѡ
ǿþҲǵġ
ҶŶ
ⱾǲӦĵطء
ҶüȦ࣬ȴòˣ
ȦĲǡ
Ҷǣ
ǡ
Ҷ˭
½أϧһͷڵĺ޴ǵ죬ϳ½ӴԺ½ͱˣͷ޿ʳĳأҲ֣Ϊĵطڱ纣洦ɼġ
Ҷ˵ܴܲȥҵͷޣ
㲻˵Ҳȥġ
ҶŶţȻЦЦȻˣǾͷһˣ
ҵңǡͻȻͣ٣Ͼ
һ˫ͻȻһӾ͹סʺû˵һ֣Żϵ۾͹ѣȻͻȻɣͻȻή
Ҷɫһ䣬̧ͷһֳһӣеͻΪ׹Ų
Ҷ㲻ɱġ
ЦЦɱޣΪʲôͲɱ飿
Ҷ̾˿㻹ǲôɱġ
ЦΪʲô
Ҷһкܶ໰Ҫ
ҡ˵仰ͻȻϸ˿½ľӣ͵۹⣬̾Ϣ˵벻ǼһΪҲܶѡط
Ҷʶ½ˣ
˵ͷˮԳȦĵط
ҶˮԳ鲼纣ǵΪʲôҪȡһ½ס
ΪˮԳһҪò
ҶΪʲô
Ϊ콫ʹˮԳ嶪˵¡
Ҷ᣿Ҳ˵ûѵͲܲô
ܣΪԼǰ;ͱҪ
Ҷ棺Щô֪ģ
ЦЦѵ˭ôҿҲÿ֮䣬ܻЩϵġ
ҶҲǹƨʲôϵ½Ȧ£ȴܲܣ
Цð죬ֱȥҹܳ׽¡
Ҷǣ
ָָϣ档
ҶһڿնҲȥͻȻ䣬һҶϮҶ顱һڵء
ţһ׵ȻϣҶδعѵȥ
ҡ춼ڲͣҡš
Ҷû۾Ѹоеע
ˣҲԶѷЩʵڲԸٿ
ǱŷǳӢȴѱ˵ĳª
΢Цţ벻ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷҵȷ벻ΪһֱΪûǰǶҶֵġŬʹԼƽȻˣΪʲôƯЩ
΢Ц˭˵Ҫ֣ͷӷûǰ治ɱ㣬ֻҪҶһǼº󣬺ٺ٣ֻ·һˡ
ҶȲסңΪû˷ɺȴ뵽Ҷ㣬ʱͲˣǲ
ЦûһҲͷӽ£ʱͷӶȻҹĿ࿴úôţȱǼ£Ҫ壬ͷۿˡ
Ҷϴأ
ԣȻ̾˿Ǿֻ·ˣģ·úܣϾܵĿĵء
Ҷˣɲ߻Ȫ·
ȻߣֻԹԴˡϰâһ¹ֿʼڶ΢ЦŵΣ㻹һ
Ҷͷǵһ㶼٣ֻһ˴Ͳˡ
˵ͷ£µҪͻȻĿҶԣھҪ㷢¸ģӴԶĻ˿Υͻʬ޴棡
Ҷ⻰ͻȻûѪɫ¼ˣԣԺˡ
Цھ͸ȥι㡣
ҶɫҰ׵ô˵ûѡˡ
ûѡ񣬲ѡѡƿҶ
Ҷ亹ֱ૵ñԶԣԼԣҿûôĵӡٲ˵˰ΣҶֵ¶ԵȣҪǵȲõġͻȻڣ֮˸ֶԡ
ЦˣһЦķǳվҶ·ϵЦͽԴϲˣʵţһӦ⹷ūŵġ԰գһӣ俪һֱֱ˳ȥ
һض֮·˵¶еҶһۣһ޴ʯڶڣ󣬱ڿնˮԳȥ
ɱҶȻΪȸߣĻΪԼ֣òˣסҲǴ󻼡
뵽Ҷ֮ԣʱ֮ãܣֻйԹԵˣԽԽǵ⣬̲סЦ
Ҷȫѱ˽ƣ֮һһʧˡ
ȴ֪֮˵ֲޱȣû˸ҷҶ˵Ǳȳ԰ײ˻ס
Ҷһߣ̾˿૵ƾĽҵеͬһҲɵ̫ɰˡ԰գóһӰעʹ֮òɢ
ƿʯȥ뿴еЩʲô£Լ֪ģȻҲóȿˡ
ֻ纣Ͽգâ࣬е÷۳㣬һӶʱ벻ҶβͷĶݹ⣬ҲΪȥμӶᱦߣ뵽ݹ˾Ҷ
һǰһڿбͻȻһײǱȥҶȻҲĸǱȥڿжûҶˮУ͸ӲܷҶˡ
ʱҶǱ˺׵һɽûһĹȿڣŲͣУҶҪȿڣ̧ͷɽһ˸ߴ֡ˮԳ塣
ҶһˮԳˡһɣҲ⣬ͽУɾһ˲ĵҶһʱʧȥӰӣ룺ҲܵǰȥˣǼӿ첽ӣԽԽˡ
Ĺȵ߰ˮϮɭ̹ǣʱҶѳײӰЩԼȻҲн˸ʱ
žˮУҶ֮ˮҲûˣٴǰǱ˼ʮɣȻͣ½ŲĿȥ
ֻԶȻбɳһ⣬ŻҰ֮׷ᣬʱŭ֮
ҶΣ˫üһ
һ֮£ϴһ΢ıٶܼͬʱһ⸡֮ϡ
Ƭ̺ҶȻθ磬ɢɫסԼ沿
Ҷմ֮ǵҲҶڣץסݰ߿񱼶
龰Ҷɴͣ˶ݹ⣬ԭ̾˿
⵹Ϊ鷳ţ̾
Ҷ֮ˣλ·ûȴŰˮͷһԥûе߶ʵڲô
Ҳĺܣ˿·ҪҸ·ߡ
ںǼŻҰ֮Ǽֻͽ׺ްˡ
λѣˮԳϵһлѵģںɫݹһλüĿĸߣδȷɵҶǰſִ
Ҳ飬ȻδҶΪԷ̩ɽӣ뵽Ҫжᱦᣬʱ֪СоˣΪᱦǿ߲ܲμӵĴᣬҶȻΪһܸߡ
Ҷɫ糣ۿ߷ɵ˸ǰһ̧֣ɫâֶƿˮʱǺֻһ
߼ˣŴϲĳһͬųһ񻷷һ빥ֻޡ
Ҷһбɨһ£λΪѽӽ벽ʥ磬ֲôλ徳ĺΧ֮£ӵֻЩ޾ȻˮԳˣӻǲСĪˮԳΪ֮
ˮԳò˶٣ˮԳˣֻҪﵽ𾳽磬ڳİ£ԻΪΣͷֻǰ벽ʥ磬ܻΪΣҶҲûʲô
ҶͷָżǼͷסҲɷ֡
ʹˣҲһԵСͷʹǼݺݵʹˮ
ٺһҶʱˣŻӶâһնɱ⼸ֻޡ
лǰȣǰҪǰˮԳμӶᱦ᣿С϶ʱò鿴ҶΪҲ֪Է϶ڵߣ˹֮ǰʩ񣬲Цʵ


892 Ů
Ҷɫĵͷ
ǰɷͬȥС϶Сգ˼գ
ŶΪʲôҪͬȥҶɫһе֮ɫʵ
ǰͻȻŽͽ׺޽Ƭʵãһ߰ҶλǿǰС϶˿СĽ
Ѫ鹬ˮ鸮Ҷüͷһ壬ɫ
ǣǸҶĴôſ񡭡ǰȥμӶᱦᣬС϶ָһݾ֤ʤ㣬ֻǰľС϶΢΢һתһ¶һص˵
ĺ£㲻ˮԳ崦㣿Ҷһ֮˼˵
ٺ٣ðźܴյģƬˮĴŽĺޣС϶ʵڲҶһ·һҪսսģ޷ֺ³ҲֻһС϶¶μæ˵
⵹ǵģҶ⻰ȻһЦ
ˮԳжԶҶʵ
·һЩĻֻҪվͿɵˡС϶ƺƬˮǳϤ˼ػص
ðɣҾһ߰ɡҶ˼һ£ҲֻôӦˡ
̫ˣףǰԵƬ̣С϶¶˷֮ɫûϴ·գգƤ󣬺Ȼʲô
ҽһԼȴȻȥֱˮƯߺʬ塣
ҶһĻһ׶Է˼ĵһЦ
һС϶֮Ľֻ֫ˣֱսԼĴС
Ȼ˸߲ҵķɻص˿С
ǰЦˣЩ޵ȻǰڣǶ˵һʴ룡С϶Щ˼˵
Ͼղţֻ޶Ҷնɱġ
ûʲôЩҲϣϽ·ɡҶҡͷɫĴߴһ
С϶ҶڨڨһЦæӦչɶǰ
ҶŲæĸɫ֮
ǰ׺Щİ֪մǰһںδǱޣǰĴأС϶ţͷ͵ҶһۺСʵ
ǰڶչģմﵽɹųصģû£ǺġҶȻ˵ʲôʵӦ
Ҷ⻰С϶˿ȻﻹЩɣҲֻ˵ϲҶᡣ
С϶ҲʶȤĺܣûжҶʲôϢҶһЩˮԳ飬̾ӣƺˮԳǰ;ôá
ŴϲҶȻûнӿڼ䣬ĺƵ˸ʶ
İһ·ûʲôⷢҶС϶˳ĵһƽɽ塣
ɽֻаСϡĿСƬˮˮľ⣬ֻǹͺͺĻɫʯʵں洦ɼĻɽģ
ˮԳѡ˵ؾжᱦᣬҲΣҶҪûС϶·治ҵ
ʹСɽаʱҶ˾Ϳʼʹ֮ݹǱˡ
ȻҲˮԳҪġ
ҶʱС϶Ŀ󣬵Ҳû¶ʲô֮ɫĬȻˣС϶һ
ϾЩǿߣҶôýģʵټ
˿̣С϶ΧСɽϿշɶһȦһƬʯȥ
ԱߵҶˣһ˿ɫ
ûпĻƬطûʲôƴڣѵǡ
Ҷһɻ֮ʣС϶ѾվһʯԱߣʯ¡
ʯƬ֮󣬺Ȼѿһĺڶ
С϶ǰ嶴˵ʲôȻŻͷеҶкǰǽȥɣ
Ҷصͷ˾ʹӿнֱ˹ȥ
֮һббʯݣڽԻվһ뷢׵ĻߣԼʥڵΪ
ӭǰˮԳ壬ϣǰܶᱦɹһҶЦ˵ֵĲ
ϣɣҶƽ˵ͷȥŽһСξҶǰһ
ǰһĵ磬Լʮɣһɫʯ֧³ɽ磬мȫǴƬƬĹ
ǰ·С϶ָָǰһʯһѵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷСһƬǰڽȥɺȻ䣬ֻһ紫ǰҲδͣ٣޾ѱֱ˹֮ڡ
С϶鲻ԽסΣЩ΢΢ɫչΣ֮һ΢Ǵ󣬾ŸͬʱӵǰΪи֣֮ޡ
ʱ߳һλ׷ͷĿ۹⣬һηˣٱ壿
δˣаͷƥһƵĴ˹Ժ䣬ƥͷɫں˻Եü񿥣ϵˣǺ¾װ໨멣ްη̬֮
ҶǺεĿ⣬ɨȥ֪ΪȻδﵽǿ֮ز
ǰ׷߻δһˮԳǿ߼ںǰ䲻ߴ󣬵һᵲŰƥֱȫȻδһȺ׳͹
ɫ䣬񣬶Էδñŭ֪󺺶ϣȴǶҲϼ޾ɫŭݣ󺺣˿ưܽһ㡣
ˮԳǿ߾ȻҲ죬Ǳ䣬в˵ͻȻһӳסȣƥԣסǿһ֮
˻һбб£ˮԳǿ߸һȷɳ߲ʿ֪ģȴƫƫˣأȴߵ÷˳ȥͻȻǿ߶֮죬˵Ŀ硣
ƥȴȻҲֱδδ˲Ҳˣƥʵ˾ܹϸѼ֮ѵˣ
ڳۿ֮˶ȻΪ֮ݣǿ߻˵һƥȴҲһۣչڶƥȥȫֱеһ㡣
˿УֻҪһ£㶨Ҫףκα仯仯뾪죬Ҳı⡣
ͻǰ׷߳߳
ǿһѻӳӲס˺ߣǰ׷ѵǰ棬Ǻкιɣ
ʱվҶߵС϶ҲӿڵˮԳҲֱ룬Щ˾˭˴󵨣
󺺻ǲ𻰣ȴ˽һֻҰ˭ҲܲšѼȴǽ࣬ݺȡ
Ҷ۾ԹԣǸŮģбȥֻһֻлϲܼĺƥ׺˽´󺺼ݳ´󺺿ųԯ
׷΢΢üۼֱʻǰ̲ס̫ſô
ܲš
׷Ǻ˿ϲҲֳŭݣ֪ʲôط
֪ŭ󣬴ſšȥ˵ųԯĽ´󺺣ԳϳΪͣϸΪ˿ɵɨ㣬Ծ£ǰɨøɸɾ
ţɫ˵ĴСߣžձԳӣչձ
Ҷ˫ֱǰһҪֵģ
С϶۾ȴǲм֮ɫ
ҶҲﲻ簵棺ŮӺôɣָҶˮԳȴ֪ǺģΣŮӳƯƯĵ£ⶼ˵ͨҲܹд뷨
ȻһЦֻǰӰһӰվںձϣȲòӣɷ̬ο֮κλҲ𲻳ۼ˭ҲⱩ纣˾ɫ
ҶȻپŮʱҲɰȻƯȻɣҲܶˮԳѽ㵽ƾʲôҵ֪
ʱֻŮɨڳһۣͻȻƾʲôҽȥĮĮ˪
ǰ׷߳˵ĻҲϷҪ˵ĻƾʲôҪȥ
ŮӵĪ˲ɣ
׷溮һԲ֪ŮȴͻȻЦĮɫһЦݣʱͱ˵ۿɰʯĳˣҲѶݵĳóƢ
ֻЦֻ֣ỮգߣôͣҪСӷƢˡ潿Ƥжʮ꣬˿ȴֻʣʮһˡ
˼ɲǼƻ˸ˣƲƵĴˣǰ׷߶ڵϣŵ㡭㡭ƽǰ֮ˣ˿̾һ仰˵
ŮЦԳ壬Īǲϵˣ
ǰ׷ߵ⡭ȷе׾
Ůӵʮǰ롭
׷üͷ벻
ŮЦ˼ϺͿˣʮǰ˼ұ׷ɱǵøëļƵģͶҼ
׷ѿڵˮ鸮ˮ鸮Сǧ𣿡
ŮЦˣҾ˼ңڴŴҪεͷЩëŮӡЦţ߹ȥȥ׷ߵĺӣ׷ȴæˣԼĺӡ
ŮЦŵ˼ǻֶŮɣ˼ҪʹҪ˭ֶŮֵܻܲġ
׷ʵˮԳĶϣһ֪ٴˣ֪ɫ˿̶Ůӣȴ޼ƿʩеŭһת۱㲻֪ܵȥˣЦŵӹ죬ֶŮͤͤˣɰô
ŮЦҪˮ鵤ˣԽԽ࣬᲻øֲܲͷˡ
׷뵽ģ汻̻ľ֣̲סݸһЦʮǰϷ֮ܲˣֻˮ鸮ˮ鵤ܹҽΣǰȥȻڿ鵤ģȴίʵʹĺܡ
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úãʲôˣ㾡Ҫȡ׷߿ЦǣС֣˶ķ֪Ÿ˽ȥҶǰ㲻Ц֮룬˿ǶЦݡ


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С϶Цǰ֮òټʹɼƣγʹС椶ݵǰ£ʱǰǱɫգ˳ۣҲɸռСˡ
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С϶ĿɫЩ̽ؿڵЩʲôĪǰԾò䲻˼ңԲ
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ҶΪҪѾһƹϣǽб˾޷֮£һΣҲû˶֪Ѿڱصõһˡ
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С߿ЦһֻñҶ˽ȥҶʵŮûʲôȤˮ鸮ˮ鵤ȴȤĺܡ
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ҶͬЩ㵣ԵС϶ʲôûУ
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ǾŮЦɲҪƭңҪôұҵ顣


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һ󾪣æЦ᣿㻹Ķƭ㣿ȻȥЪţ㡣ǾŮӰһֵۣҸԼʱԳ棬׼׼԰գźЦȥˡ
ȥԶЦٿţȻһԼҲ̫鷳Щӣ³ɺ˭֪ЩǱޡ
˵ͻȻٺٵЦи֮ò֮ţĸŮ˲ϲֻ˺õζԸҲЩΪѣֹ
΢΢üһᣬͻȻһݹ⣬˼ƺҲٺòٺֱЦ˵·̬˶
ҶڰƵôüͷȵȥԶֳ૵һ¹ޣŮȻµ֡룬ŮҲ˺ܣΪˣȻ׵׸ҲҪˡ
һ뵽֮ǰ˵ҪԳ֮£ҶֻЩҪˮˣԶȥӰһҧɱȥ
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õ֮˵ҲֻյҶͷȥֻҡȣЦ˹ϵܣȻԼ
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ĬƬ̣״ϵܣʵϵк̨ǿߣˮԳ嶼ᶯڵѪǿߣЩɢޣЩɢ޸ϵҲ˲ĵģʱֻҪѪɹˮԳͻһǿߣʱ򣬾Ҳ˵ʲôˣΪˮԳʵ֮ˡ
ЦǸΪǿߵѡ˭ˮԳǷˣ
ҡͷֻ峤֪Ҳ֪
ɫһˮԳ᲻֪
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æҾȫϵʧȥλᣬһӶ񾳽ˣҲ֮ǰˮԳԭ򡣡
Цû֮ǰҪ©˷ͲˣΪɣͬУһ
ЦӦһ֣ͷߣδһ֣ıųһ׹⣬ٿסһ
﹫󾪣ҪȻϸ˿ü⾫֣һҽһҪŭʣǰ֣̾ԲסûгΪǿǰĳϲԼŷģȻﵽ񾹽磬ʱͻȻ뷴Լǿû˿취ˡ˵չЦ˫ֲϷų㣬֮빫֮С
ʱ﹫ѱ㣬ޱԹһʳָǰͣ䷢ɬѪ
ͳ־ȥָѪգЦ˵ңһֻӣ᲻ãµԹ̫ݣֻ֪ѹ֪ᣬҲ֪˼ԽԽ飬ҲôȱˣҲģˮԳĻָֻ۾ָܻܿġ
ҶЦص⹫ļ⣬ƽҲȻ㣬ܴĥҲӦãöܣǹҧ


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ȴҶͻȻһ㵱ô׶Ըˣʹشˣ
С϶Ծʵǰǰô
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С϶òζ㬵ԹΪˣ˾ˣĺΪĿģû飡
ҶͷС϶һֵۣȹ컹Ҫ˽⹫
С϶һګګЦٺ٣Թ壬С϶ҲͿ˿¶ˡֵˮԳ꣬ҲС϶һ˽˵ġ
ˣ⼸͸㣬һʲôңʱٲĺôҶͷЦЦС϶ָ
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ҶҲ벽װЦ̾ҶװôƳģ
Цһ˵Ӱӣ˻˻ңҲֱܷ˳˵ЦƳҶһۣЦֻƭƭˣϱС˫ۣôӲ˵ġ
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Ц֪ܳģΪ͵뼸λϵ̸˵ˮԳеĶᱦźܴıһϢ͸˹˵һѱסҶ̾Ҷˡ
Ҷ΢΢Ҳ̾֪ŷŻңﶼúõģʲôıȥȻᵣĵġ
ſҡͷû㣬˴ĴıһֺܴıȻûʲôı̸֪·ͬСɡ
Ҷһס֣Цȱ˵֮£Ĵߡ԰գҲǷͬ⣬ߣĪֻǿҶҪߣҲֻĬĬš
ʱͻȻҶӰһۣͻȻߵСôӶܳˣѵϽģˣ֮һҲֻܳΪԼūšԼҲûʲôòĵģǰһ˱仯⹷ūžȻһ֮˵꣬ϹâһŻΪһϼԶ
龰Ҷһɸת֮ʣУͺȻһӵĺ
ˮԳڵĿˣվеĶᱦֳУɢڶУϵУλһ׼ʱμӣʱΪԶȨˡ
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Ϊ̫ͣΣ̫ˣһִҶûչˣ֮ǰ뷨뿪ˮԳС
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ʱǸǰŪϹ۾Ȼˣлʱһ˿˿⣬֪ΪεЦ
ͬʱһտĳϣʮˮԳæµţʱڵһЩһλڵˮԳ峤ߣڰעһС
ôɷܹ𣿡ֻУһ׹֣ƮǿߵĶ
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ʱҶ˵˵ȰȰ壬ˮѾԽԽˣвأ˭֮ǡ
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˿ҶҲξ֣Цǹˮ鸮С椣Ҳһ´еȤ
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˹һЦҲǴ˵ˣǰɲˣµľ鿴ˮ鸮С椵ȷ㣬ҼϹֻǡС죬ĲöԸµ˼Ǳ֪ٺ٣ȴðˣ
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ҿûеɢޣֻЩɢУҵһΪȸߣԴֲΪҵĴ
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Ц⣡
ҶĿǿϧңͽʬ͵ȥɣ
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896 ǿū
Ҷҵסš
ãһԾӶȥΪȻգ֮䣬ڿȥԶˡ
ҶĿŵĹâ˻ȥ߹һԺʱԺ⣬ӰУ·ӰҶ΢ԶԶĿȥӰһײԲԣһȴǸꡣ
һԶԶ㵽ǽǺŲšӣȴˣ˾ѾԶˣҲδ֮ϡ
ֹ˰Σ磬ĵĻûлѵȵòͷˣҪֱȥԿˣûҪĵ˰ɡ
ǰ׷ԲԵͷЦʲôѶ϶˴¼ˮ鸮Ѫ룬һȶ֣Ϊʸ֮ģЦˮԳЩͬʱȴǲ֪˶ˣ
Ҷڰ૵һһ٣ȴʵΪʦֵܣԼҲװضͼıǿеĵӦѪˣٺ٣еģû뵽ˮԳˡ
˼֮䣬ڰӰ𣬿˵ȥĵѴ
겻֣նУһɣ˿û̬֮ͣҵǴó棬˼֮أֱӴӿһɶ
ǰ׷ԲԵͷҲƺΪǷġ
ƺѾûʲôƵˣҶصˮԳΪԼŵסƽˮԳ壬ۿҪзǳıҷ
ȻԾ𣬾ڶԺʱҶ̾ϢβͣصԼסȻأֻ洫˺Ǿһߵֻƣ˭Ҳ벻˭ˡ
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ʮȫʮ˭Ҳỳɵҡ
һδƽһ⣬ֻӲѵˣ
ɫ˻
ҶѪ鹬ˮ鸮˲˽ԽԽˡ
֪չһЦԽԽãˮˣź㣬ֻҪЩѪŪ֣ѺˮԳһ޶ɻѪ֮ϣ¿ѣʱ򣬾ˮԳǼϲģҲδܽ
ϧ˿ȴͬ˶˶֣ˮƽҪҪ
һôδˣɫͻ䣺ֱˡ
Ҷ㻹취
ĵĵ˺üĵϣǲ̫̫ðʧ˵㣿
ҶЦǰ컨׹ҵҲ쵱Ӣۺӣ֪㵨վֻͷ˺£ٺ٣ҪԺǽֱ֣ӢۣһʵڲΪı
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ҶЦ񻰡Ҷߵԣд˼ּܣҪ跨һһӴȻּһһǣǿ˱ضӦȫ㣬ģιˡ
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֪ЦҵԵõҪģȴδкκôΪʲôҪôġ
ҶҲȻ뵽Щô
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Ҷǲ֪е뷨ЦֻҪѪΪȴҪΪõԿһ͵ȻֻȰΪˣʵҶԿʲô֪
һ˵Цݡ
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ҶֻҪΪǿߣʱ˭˵Щʲô
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ҶЦѪ鹬ˮ鸮Ĵ壬ٺ٣ǶҪЩˣ
һҹ£ܿ͹ȥˡ
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ڷһߵ̨̨ͬмסˮԳ֮ˣվʲôڵе߶˺󣬲ŻῪʼӡ
Ҷڱ纣ɣȻҲûк͹ϰԵһһȴ˹ʱĹѻָߵݣҲ֮ˣȻһûһ
֣סЩǿôҶ޴κܾЩףһ󷨣ͬʱסôǿߣое㲻ܣһ󣬲˶Էһ䡣
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ҶüʱǿѾʮңһΰڷһطһǿޱȵĴڡ
ˮԳȴ뽫֮ȫɱɻУ뷨ν
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㾡ȥˣ󷨻ᷢСܻЩҪһ£ҶҡҡͷԸȥô˾һʵ̫һЩ
ʼ磬ȻЩ⣬һ˹ȥϾһοǹϵ񾳽ľԵɲ뷢κ⣬ϸ֮»Ϊĺá
ҶߵˣԼҲûԭأϰԵһƫƧǷԶĽ˹ȥȻעߵһһ
ٹ˰ʱƺвλ߶ˣʱվʯ̨ϵʮˮԳӵܣڵŵ
ûеʱѾˣǷԵƬ̣һλˮԳӵܣվĹ
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뵽̧ǰȥȻڷĿƷΧ֮⣬ֻ˲ڡ
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һˣһòͨĻ꣬˿ϲ˭Ҷȴһ֪Ǿһͷ㣬ʱҲעһС
˰ɣ﹫˼һ䣬ǿ㣬ֵģȻ֣Գһ£ߵˮԳӵ˵˼ʲô
ֱ£ͣĵͷӦ΢Ц
λˮԳӵ̨ܳվ뷨ԶʼµǰμӴĿˣǩͳƺöսѡ󣬶ᱦʽʼˡ
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ΪеҶȻ˿һǰǩս˼ûУ˫ֱ磬Ȥؿǿ߽һӡ
˭֮󣬹ʵ
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ǵģļˮԳ弤Ĵ˸ս
ԶԶȥҶվɽʯһ࣬ƺ溬ЦĿ߾սӣ˴սϸƻͻᷢ京Цף촽ȴڶţڽ̸ʲô
ɾʱҶһԥˣȫâһϲǻû˵
벻㵹⣡Ȼ鵽˴δ쳣Ҳȥһֻ꣬кһ죬һâҶֱֱ
ҶЦһ˼ĽżһأȻһڣһ¾͵ʮɵľ룬Žͣסɫص̧ȥ
ʱٴһ΢Ĳ֪ǶҶķӦ֮Щ̾ǶܶĹеЩ档
вһֻڿʮɸߵĵطһ۵ӣһɳӭվţͨ⣬ȴһܣ˿﷢ѡ
ĻҶﲻɵѿڶˮԳ죿
ٺ٣ٽˣϵˣǸڶһϰ꾫ǳеѪɫȸղ̨ʱŨ࣬˫Ŀͨ˴룬ӳ˼˿ԡ
ǻΪˮԳǰףҶֻ֪˵֣λͻΪˮԳ壬֮ѸϮɱԼɾʱҶͻȻһŭȣɵһĿ


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ڹĻܣɢվŰǿߣӦöˮԳ峤ϼ۾עźĻڵһУûг߳һۡ
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Ҷɨһۺ󣬾ͼջ񣬾ԴҲһͬǿߣٷˡ
ʣλˮԳȻʱΪֻڵӣֻҪΪˮԳ壬һ֮Ķ֣һСģͻԶ˴˵ء
Ҷ޶ԣЩԼɱͻ֣ŭӱˣҴǲģŭ֮£ɱ֡
ȴѸ뿴Ҷ龰кΰ취Ըղһֱûг˿̼˹Ҫɱ֣ɱҶ˺ôĻƷһǿūš
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ЦԿҲùԹ͵ϣȹūǾԲΥӵģĳЩ޳֮ͽԼŵԼɲġ
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лﵱر˵Ҫ˵߾ߣδ˵꣬ڿһԾķȥ
ɻ󷢶Ҫ֮ãϵҪΪ㣬ǹūűضԶͬʱѲ˳ܽҳ
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ⶴΪп׶Լɲ﷭˴źãѰ빫ϢСĽ붴ҶͻȻһ
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ĺڵҶбûбˣȴҶģҶȻףƼһӰ
һĺӰҶĺڰУ˭ҲƲĿֻƼһ˫۾ҶҲܣԼǰǸˣҶȴҲֻƼ۾
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Լǰɫʺ죬γɣһģһֻǴʺƬתʵʿԱҪǿ٣ǻʵ񶥷ںޡ
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Ƶַˣһ·׷빫ϢģھǵӰӶˡ
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ҶһϲҺûû·֪ǸһΪҪĪɣΪԼָ·ģüһǵָһһ׹˴ϣʱʢ


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һ仰ȴҶһ˵ĵǴ˴Ŀڣ˿빫ˣҶ
һĻʧˣҶ°ͣ˳˼С
˵ʵ빫ԼĴȴҶе⣬һΪʲôͻȻԼѵǰʲô⣬ǵҪô
Щ˶ò룬˭ֻҪûüֵͻ鲻ԴһʼҶͶˣûʲôӡ
תһ룬ȥ˵ƿǰʯţͻȻ䣬һ̹ǵ磬ӭ˳ҶһתæϮ
ǵҶǱһ֮ͨ΢΢üͷطȻЩ죬ȻôŨܵϢ
ͨУ죬һȻȻȻǻڵҶоһѹӭϮ͸һ⡣
ֲǼһԼҪԼСˣ֮ͨ˹ɭ˵ʲô֮ֻ빫ôȥأҶһȡ콣ʶͨɨɨȷǰһ·ûʲôΣպϺɫâһʢԥ̤С
ͨУɵһƬΧͿУҶĿҲֻܿΧɷԲ֮ڵ龰ֲǣ֮Ҳ֪ǺȻʶĿӣʶӦΧڻԶԶȲԼĿԶ
ҺͨԼĿҲܾˣǷΣҶĿǰΪҪֵӦɵĺܣҶһСͨȥ
ԽǰߣѹԽҶɶѣѹʮ˵տʼһʿ߶оܳĻ񣬾߲Ҳоѹǳ
ѹ˳Ϊͽѹͺʲô˳ܵסʱҶģֵɡ
ֻѹ󣬾Բôɥڴˣп϶ʲôΣҶǰͻȻʵĳ·û˿ԥҶ̤ױ·Ϊ֮ǰ˵ˣҶѡ
꣡Ҷ̤·ͬʱͻȻͨһӰͻȻ𣬻ΪһɳĻڵξӰҶһȭȭͷ̹֮˸̹ǡ
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еǣ빫һ·ָʾɿǰ
ȻԽǰＶҲԽߣֵҵǣҶ߼ĹҲֻֻʥڵĹѡ
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һǿԸʥڵĹ飬򲻻ҶôɣȻͬʱ񾳽磬ŶҶֻǰ벽񾳽磬ǲ֮
·Ѿʥڵ·Ļ£빫뵽ͨͨǼ׵¼벻ͨιȥģѵСƭҡ
ǸûֻͨͨԼǹʹˣͨȴµϢҶвɵɻء
·֮Ͼ֮󣬾Ӧÿͨˣ빫ûԼܼܿˡԽԽӽĿĵأҶԽС
Сģûģʱ𣡡һͺһźڹ⾶ֱҶ˹
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ҶĿпȥֻһһýʬǻвʱ߶ţڴʱмһڹһҶֱֱ
Ҷüͷһ壬ɢźڹ⣬ʱеЩʬûѸӦҶϢ˲䣬Щͬ˷ܼһ㣬ѸٽҶΧסˡ
Щ֮ͨεʱ̵ģʱһȴѸޱȣνѪѸ
ԼȻЩͽΧסˣҶ΢΢̾˿ɨɨΧĽʬЩͽ飬ûôϣͻȻ䣬Ҷɫ΢΢һ䡣
ҹһͺȣҶһӳӿĽܵĽʬõ֮ɨһƬźâһҶͻȻʧ
ҶǰŸߣһâһֻڵҹһںڵĿɥмâмӰƾճ֣γֵ鶼Ǹ߽飬񾳽ľȫʥϵ顣
ϮҶҹȻȺ֮и߸ϵߣһɨʣЩͽ׵ĽʬǣЩʬöʱɪɪݷڵϡ
֪࣬㻹ûԶɣҹõĿɥ΢΢һӦüͷһ壬һȣΪһâֱĳ˹ȥ
ҽճظӦǿȻܷԼںڰеҶȻʶӦ޵ĺܣƿܹ֮ļ΢΢̧ͷѾԿҹеĿɥΪһâ˹
ǲҪЩˣ滹һɲܽ콣âһסǵâҶδӺڰУ˼ʧ
ɲܳȥԶҶɫһΪǰԶһ޴ĺӰסҶȥ·һʮɵľ޴ߣ߳΢ţš
ͬʱҶͷһۣҹҲ˹ĿҶϣһĻҶģ벻ˣһ콣֣û˿ͣ٣ǰ˹ȥ
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ɫ׹һһţɳһһ㣬ݺݵҶȫûл˼ֻҹˡ
̵ģ浱ԼǸӲɣҶ׹¶һŭȣ콣ٻӶ֮ɫâĻ֮£һ߾ſ˹ȥ
ꡱһ콣ཻʱһΪһء
һĻҶ΢΢Щ⣬ϲɫһɾʱ
Ҷֻоһۣǰ׷˹ȥ׷ɵһ˲䣬ҶͷҹǹЦݡ
ҡ١ڵģ㾹ȻģҶȥǵѪ˹ȥɲſһĽŲ΢΢һ٣һ૵ʲôѵͨĳڣ
Ǻת֮ʣҶĿǺߵĺ棬ֻʮɳ֮һ͸ķƱĤ״Ķź⡣
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¡һҶֻһӴľԼϣ˿ֲǳֱɨʮ֮Զ˲䴩ǲĻ
ҡɡҹ棬㾹ȻүһѪԿпһ¹ѾҶ˲ᣬҶɹܲôˣһ٣Ҫ»ȥҹˡ
ǲ֮ڣӰҹٶѹҶٶϣȻһΪҶӰҪƹ롣
ֻҹ濴ҶϮıӰ໡ļţȻսٽȥȻǲ͸ƵĹĻ˼֣ȻҿԽ׳һ
ҶŭĹģȥ˲䣬һЦͻȻ𣺡ôڲǿǵ㼸Сʱˣ㷢ġ
Ҷһͣȥֻ빫վһʯǰĻеЩ޶ã֪ǲҳǹĻһ㡣
ˣҶӷŭ侲ǵͨôͨģ
ûд𻰣ȴЦпҴڤͨɳ裬ڤɢĹ֣һֻˣԾֻðˣ
ʲô֣ߵֻҵūˣʲôʸǳֵܣ԰գҲҶı飬ƿʯţ˽ȥ
ǹҶǸȻһЦ΢΢Щ˼ôģǾͲΪ֮ˡ
ҶЦһۣһԼУӡˣգҲ⣬ٲȥԼȻͲԼˣƿʯš
ƿʯţҶǰģһʯΧĺںصصһ̨ף봦ֱб˵£ⲻͣĴųȵʪ磬ʵ󵽵ͨ˺δ
ҶҲɲµ˵صͨľǸƵأ϶֣﹫ȥԥһֱûʹȥ


899 ü
ʱȴĺԼǲҲýˣˣп̾һ£һҧƮƮԽˣ˵ص
صҶǰһƬǰĹռ䴢һһ¹ʯȡΧΪ֮һ
ͨͨ嶼ʯɣһǿͨѣ빫˿ҵ飬ˣͻᷢʲôƵģҶһĻСĵȥ
Žʯһٽ׺ԭСͨѿ˲к⣬ӭ洵ĳȴӿ
˽ٽףڵر֮°ʱʯͨʧˣ߳ͨʱǰֵľǸĵȪ硣
ƬֻʮɣԲȴﵽ֮㣬һȥðŰˮݵˮǹɿȵĳȪϿƾɣ˳ͨȻٴͨµĿγ˶ƽ֮ơ
ȪܶǸߴĺѣһԵʮɫ滨ݣʵ١
һУûλȪмһСͤǵΪͤоƾһڽɫӣ䳤һɶɡӽգнһ֪ǷƷ
Ҷֻ˼ۣϰĿŲˣҶԽеıﲻģ빫Ѿͤ˹ȥСĵģȪУȻʲôΣջûĳ֡
ûֵΣղҪģ֮£ǸϿҸӦΣĵطúôţҪ֮£СûˣҪʲôã
ҶѰſӦΣĵطʱȻһĻһ㶣漴Ц
ֻĶУֻҪһ£ұ֤ū㣡
ʲô£Ҷǿѹסе侲ʵ
ٺ٣ʲô£ܼ򵥣˼䱦һ֣Ҿֳ˹죬ʱ򡭡ջвõĿ콲ţһ㲻ζԹǻɱ⡣
Ҷ˺ûܾͬվĬȻüͷ΢壬ǳ֮ɫ
˵º֮ͬӡ
ҶζܾģֻҪҶĴ𸴼ˡ
ʱ﹫ɵͤԵһϣ˫СһʱŹâͬʱǸΧת
һĻ¶ϲɫͷҶػŹâǴ飬˱ͬʱ֣鳹סȻܽƳ
ãǸϿ춯֣һξҪɹ㸡ڰпŹâһͷҲصĳҶмǣһҪȫ֣ȡһξƳӡĿ¶˿֮ɫ
⻰Ҷһü˹ȥ
ԣҲҶģֻҪȡӣԲؿģҪǼ챦Ҳ١оֺ֮⣬ҶϾˡ
Ҷⷬȴеһ񺮴ӱ
ھͿʼְɣ䣡Ҷ㸺ߵ⣬ǰ⣬ǰס󣬾ɹַ˿첻ϸҶ˵ЩʲôЩͣĶԴԸ
֪ˣȻЩԸҶֻʵĴӦ
˶±ȥһһضʾҿȡʱҪ鷳Ƕסһʱ䡣ҶطԸֶԹЦ˵
˵˵ĳҲʲô⡣ٺһЦһڴӦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ͹ʵ˵أ˼վס
˿ĶԼ㣬Ҷ̾һӿһӣʱһ׵Ϊһ׹⼱ȥ
ͬʱҲдһ촽΢ͣһһ֮䣬һѪ⣬Ϊһǰϡ
ۡһһǵӶʱ˿ƬɫѪȻܣ˲佫ڡ
ЩȻѾͨ飬Ѫһ˲䣬ͷˡ˻˻֮ԵЩ겻·𱻴̼һ
ʱҶҲһŰ׹⣬ҪԸסˣ˿ס⣬ѻΪ߰Žڰ׹ȦѣֽÿһΣͻðŴĿ⡣
Ҷһ񣬼æϸ
һ֮̽£ӶиܵǴ̹ǰ溮Ϭֵס˴ĺһ֮£ͻᱻĺ
ǻ̬ɢȴ෴溮
Ҷﾪȼˣ
ֻ࿴ɫâ͸еһѣΣæȻĽĿ˻վֱӣг˺Ȼ
ô棬ר֮ͽǣֱӻɢЩ߽ʿд⣬ᱻ׵վҶһ࣬ͬЩ⻺˵
ôԵҶһ⻰һɫͻظƽ
˵ĻӷͱȡˣĻڣˮԳ治֪ǴŪֹŹֵ⣬һ֪ǽ治


900 Զ
֣Ѫ˿ǽӳɣѾʱˡ㽫סòݾܾĿֱ
ĵ˵죬һ磬һĴָϸĽ˿ֱӣ󳶶ÿһ»ζס˸һ¡
ͬʱ¡¡һ죬ӿʼ˻ζ
âһһΣֱۻңǲɵϲĿʱܹ⡭ʱ
ãҪˡһĻɫһæǽӣǽӲ֪ʲôƣȴԵó֮ʹȫѪ˿ֻԭزͣҡΣȻûһ˿ƶӡ
ȴû¶֮ɫǳһºһںڵľһ¸˹Ѫ˿ϣһת幫켱ٵ˵֣鷳ʹˮԳĿֻ֮³ӡ
õġƺԴԤϣûĵ˵ͷŽӣ촽΢ͣһһ֮䣬Ŀок¶
ţһһѪâͷ𣬽ѪĹâһ˸䵽˹ԼϣۡһѪһԼӶʱ˿
ƬɫѪ˲佫ڣЩѪڲȥѪմʱԭӳױѪ֮ɫ·һž޴ɺ챦ʯ
ǡҶĴ˷仯΢΢Щĵ촫ȥһ˿ܵľȻȫǷ֮⣬ƺЩҪɥʧǵӡ
ֵܣ㻹Ÿʲô֮ʱƵءһۿ񱩺޶ԣվԭضҲʱŭ
˴ԣϲ¶յɫھ֮УҲܿԼǣĿһѪ֮󣬴һ󣬾Ѫ˿ǽһŲ
һǰǿҵ𶯳ˣмͳ
˾һϲæټӰѾҪɹˣ˻ո˵꣬һɴĿȻб˳ֱʮ֮ߡ
Ҷ˲һæϵ֣һӲӵĹֽס󣬲΢΢Щ
Сĵ㣡ڽӱ˲䣬ᱬǰ溮ⷢʱ֪öûĵߣɥڴˡҶһۣͻȻɫ֣ص૵
ӦǳҶ˵λһ꣬ĿûҶˣǽӲţƺ쳣
Ҷ˴ԣȴһ
ѵǰӲɣӻصĺܣȻЩ߶ʧܶ顣
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˿̲Ҫ˵ˣ̳ڳҲ۶գһµעһС
ۼһر˳˹Ѫ˿֮⣬ռ䶼ĵģҶɻҪϸĥһʱȴһ죬
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ǵĿȻȴ˹һ˲ʱ䣬ȴֻ㳤á
ˣˣ뷴ҲֻܷҪִУȴ˳һ֪ǵӰȴҪҷûˡ
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һͷǾϲٳɣҲŭ⣬ͷҲأԾɱ
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۾ǵֻĿ⣬Ӱ㡭ΪΡδԳڣҶס۾һԡ
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ѿڶһƬ磬ʲôûˣֻʣ¿־뾪šǵĿȫƿԼһ㣬ԲҶ֮˿Υ
ʱǵĿͻȻˣĿⲻӰȻҲʧˣȴַĮߣ⻰Уһ쳣ħﲨһһ֮УͷƮ
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Ҷͨ˽ڣľǴķУͽĹɢڿУ˲֪УĵһǵӰӵɣ޾޿ΣػΨҡ
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Ҷһˣ˼Ҽ䣬𶯣ĳ˹ȥ
ҡǵӰҲûµҶȻ֣һУֻһûҶֵˣͻȻҶ̥
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ҶһֻӰȻ࣬ƽƽ棬ֻƴƿյббһǰȥ⧼Էһ󷭶
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Ҷȴ룬ֵ̽紫ԣĹѶ£ܽĹزŮӣҲ֮ˡ
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֮ҶھС꣬ʹԼɸĳ֮ˣ˶Ϊ֮ҡΪⷬܽＤ
תĿӰ֪﷢ģҶͷ󺧵ͬʱҲƲѣղұ䣬˫ȭգ
һľУ֮ͤһ΢죬ţǴһƵ滺һֻƣӨۣ£ϸָԶʤС
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ЩֵСҪҪƣСҪֻǲֵǿڰⶫǷǳ˰ģ
Ҷ侪̼֮⣬Լδһתӡ
ԽЦð㾹ȻҳΪβҼңĪ£Ҳ˵ģƣҲûйϵ֮УдһŨ㡣
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ǲɴʹݸ˼ص˲ɴ̶ֳȡ
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ʱҶصȥֻĿעƵóˣľأҲδҶһһֱը죬ȫһ𣬻ع
˿ҶҲеһۣ˿ϽתĿ⣬ٿȴѲ亹
ۼҶȻԼһȴָֻܿƽЦҽǼССôٺ٣ӿЩ飬ҿɲĻˡ
꣬ｿЦ۲ɴҶһۣͻȻ㣬Цòˣ𣿡
Ȼƣָ΢΢
۲תЦСһǰǺܰСôôƶˣ
Ҷľ˾Ȼͬһˣ벻
ʱ˵̧ͷҲңȻľδȴڳ˺顣
ȡһͻȻͷһ£ЦɵӣôôСѽ
㲻ԲҲǴһ㡣
Ҷľ棬ת׶һЦιǲҲҪӣЦ䣬ЦģָһڿеֱֱҶ
Ҷüͷֻֽס
ҶĽǸӣͻȻЦԺӣҪУҶ˹ȣˣһһ
Ҷ̲סЦɵӣʲôҳôÿ
ҶֻԺæתͷȥ


901 м
ЦҪƿɴ㿴ô
ƻģҶ̲סҪ˵ãͻȵõģ˻ƣɫǿɲ
￩ЦŶһ˸㣬ǿݵˣѾˣȴʹ࣬һĸԸСһӼʱϵ˿̣¡ٺ١Ǿˣ
渵һ֮Ƶģѯһ㡣
Ҷֻһɺĵȫ
ӨӨָḧŪɴǣЦҪôܿҵòȻˣҲֵõġĵʵò˵ĽԸȥҲ̲סҪһۡ
Ҷ亹ָ΢˰ɴӨɰ覴õ򢣬΢΢¶һЩ
ͷ亹ͯӰ˿Ժֻط
ǸĴҹһɴľٸȵһͯӣɴЦ㿴
ͯľ亹ڲŵ˵ͷɾͷһ̣оһͷǾ䣬˶ϵͷҺãʱˡ
˭Ҳģ߾Ѿתһֿµ䣬֮ϣ˭ǿ߿ˣҲֻĸԸȥ
˿̣Ҷת䣬ԼΪʲôҪԼʲôϵԣˣʲôҲ
֪һҶ˲ɿܡ
ͻҶἸ꣬ұҪˣֻϧǸ̫ţȻפȴ˶ģ
һЦͻȻסֵסˣҲδ뵽꾹ĮĳͼԴʡ
̲סһöϺ飬̾һĲˣĳʯɵģôܿܵˣ
ֻоµˣ֪Ƕôɿܣ֪Ǹɴ۲Ŷصħ
ʧ룬صĹĻУ˿ȴҶһĮһᴩ
ԽǻңҶԽ侲Цƽ޿ɫջ˵İϷ¥ŮʲôֶֻαǸһѡ
ŮҧѣҶôҲ벻ᱻ˱Ůһ
Ҷɨһ۵㻹߰ɣߵԽԶԽãҪҿ㣬ĹЧҶԣͬ׵ĸҵָ䣬ȡ
̲סˣģҶֲˣȻ˶ԴȻضͬɰŮжеˡ
ȴˣ˿ҪҶڳκһˣ¶ֲ֣֮ĳϣҶܷһ·˲õˣ
֪ͻֽЦúӣ˵úãȻöңҴû뵽£
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Ц˵ʲôǲˡ˵ֿҶЦ˵ôЦ΢΢绨֦ҡҷ
ҶֻЦԽЦԽˣ˻ȵ㲻ҪһٽŲ߱
вٺ֮
Ҷͷһȴ֪˭ˣת֪
֪΢΢һЦͻȻڿնڿЦСӣҽ㣬ˣ˼֮£ҲˣˮԳڵ飬ѱˣӴԺˮԳκιϸ𣡡
⻰֪˵ˮԳģ˵Ҷģ⻰һ꣬ĿҶһۣתͶ֮УΪ׹⣬Ųˡ
ȥһ˲䣬ֻȻһ죬һӰ˽ҶعͷƼӦ֮˾ǹ죬Ҳһѿڵ㡭ֻˣ
ǹ쿴Ҷ㻹ţƺҲԾСû˵仰ҲҶ㣬ͨ߰˵ƣų˿
ǰ˼Ź죬üôˣ
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Ҷմͬǲϵĺ׺ʲôǿУ첻ϣ˻ʵôΡ
ɫһõúܣ˴ɷǣҶһ˿̱֮֡
Ҷɫ֪Σ䣬ȴΣ³˶ˣ
٣ߣһҲܵˡ
ҶѵǿߣᡭһתʱȻЦˣ˴ˮԳð֮踣ѪǣϢ©ЩϹﶼһͬˣЩϹﶼвŵܣ˿ɣóᡣ
ҶȻµİ˾Ųʮô֪ô
Ҷɨ˹һۣ̾ԶҪӣȻ챾˻̼˷ͼˡȻ׷˻жû
˿ֻͨˣ
ҶɫԣǿߣƼǣƲ㣬Ľɫлߣ
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ȴͻȻЦЩϹ£һרϲųߵ㣬ߣֻҪβ׺㣬ͶδȻˮԳͶ֮Ȼر֮ء
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ȷ˿ֻˣ
¾ͲˣҶίʵй˵Ļǣ˿±һȴǲðˣһᣬˮڣֻҪǾ͵õס
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ҶüΪʲôҪı䣿
һЦЦͻȻʮ֡
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ƺͻȻƺҶΪūţҶһȻŭ˵һΡδˣͻƽʯڣͻȻһߣһỤ̃ӿҶδüסͷѾһѣӾصȥ
㿩Цūţ֪˰ɣ
ҶڵϣΪʲôҪ
ЦΪϾһˣƱʱҲעˣΪһǹƨ֮ôߣ㷢ƭƭ˵ԣƭңɵ˰˱Ӵùˡ
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Ƿ֮ģǹƨȴԼ㣬ֻǰ׳գʲôƻ㣬ǻǲǺܵ⣬ٺ٣ϧһעҪ
ʱֻʵ㣬Ҳиҷ֮ĵūţַ֮ģȴȫһܸоūŵȻҲܸӦĴڣȴܸӦԴǾͷ쳣
ҾͰٰ̽ÿγ㹷ū֮ʣҶᰵۿɫÿ㶼£ı飬Բһūӵеģ˭ūţʱҲбֳʵķŭǡǡûУ˵Уûо㣬ҲûҲκ˵ūţԲŻô¡
Ҳѹ֣㱾ûΪԼūţĻŭ
Ҷð̲̾סʵ֪Ǻ󣬷ƣݵøɵЩ÷ңֱûüֵųֳң
Цֹ֪ƶˣûоԵİס㣬;Բ㷭Ϊ˵й˻ˣԩ
ǵҲʵڴ׼һﴦǻƣȡһˣȦףҪϵ
Ҷɴ۾㣬⣿
Ц벻ɣ
Ҷ빫Ϊ壬޷ֻ̾Ц˲ò࣬ⱿȻҲһӹ⣬ҿҲδ뵽
﹫ЦˣҲˣҲͷһ̾ʲô
Ҷ˿ǿУǾڧǸ°ɡ
ΪЩܽôǽ򣬾ǿˣҲһ˵ˣֻˣǺó֣û뵽㾹Ȼô
ҶЦţ˾ǡ
֪һϵŪ֮䣬еǹɵ⾢һǷǳ񫣬ΪѴĲһٺ٣ҸоЩΪԼЩǷҪķˡ
Ҷ̾ҲЩ֣Ȼλǻô¶ٳǶǹģҾҲ﷭ʱ򡣡
ЦΪѾܴˣô㣬ڱ纣죬㻹Զأ
﹫ܵһ֮λˣǺεƭ棬ߣ㻹֪һֱ㵱ƨڿˡ
ǱȸĿﵽˣ㿪֪ȡǴɷǣ֮ܣƲס㣬ֻɻˡ
ͻȻЦ֣ɻһѪܻɢ֫ж֮ˣܾ֮ĥŻȥһҲǲæǲ¶һ
Ҷһۣϴΰеֳ裬ԹӾҪЩҲҪˡ
⻰ҶǣͻȻЦЦþȻĵúݣúܣŭֻ֣㻹ܻôɻǿߣֻҪһ˿Ҳȫʧеʱĥ㡣
˵ЦȻǰ˵ĻҲʱֻлڣ۾ͽЩδˣдһƷ֮


902 
һݺŮЦô£ɲСŮҲμӣģ겻ѣҶȴϤȴ벻˭
ͷһĿȥֻһŮЦƮڰУҲˡ
عͷƼ˾ˮ鸮СǧˮҲһѿڵ㡭
ˮһЦΪʲô
쿴ˮҲ𻰣һſ˽ǰַסüôˣǶ̶֣˵ȴȻֹ֮鲻ε¶
ˮϣֻģȻƼϵҶһͦվ׵ֻôô㲻ӭô
մͬƵϵҶҲףˮųưٱħŮμӽһĥҶˣչЦǸңʱ򡣡
˭֪ȴΪжˣȴֻʣһˣֶԸңԩˡˮɫ֪Σ䣬³ǹ⻽Ըҵô
ˮЦôô룬СŮӿɲǸĳŮˣẦˡ
ͻȻһˣʹ΢У˱仯ҶȻ빫ˣһֶԸԼ˵Ǳֽ˿һΣԼ˳֣̬ʱ˱仯
һתʱȻЦˣЩһﶼ˽´ֻΪԼ㣬ˮһó˹ĵ۰˵гϷҪˡ
Ҷͷת꣬¹ǣˮҶ˹ˮָϹâ˸ЦҶĶܸȤ
˭֪ʱһͻȻǰ棬ЦҲңҪô
ɫһ䣬Ц˿ǻѯô
⻰һδ𻰣ˮȴЦø磬㷴ƲߣͿСðɣ
ۣЦ˶죬Ҵʱɱһ¾۵ˣĴ£ִ򲻻ģ
ҶЦ⼸˵ƢмƣǶһҲ֡
ˮŹ죬ҡЦ˼ѣӦ˵仰ȰȰĲǣ˵ֿø磬˵˵öԲԣ
Цһ¾Ͳ¶Ը˼˵ЦӣҪȰȰ㣬ˮԳӵܣȫûĵˣ˹죬ԺȻڵġ
ˮһ˲Ц˵ѵǰҲϹˮԳŮӵĵô
⡭⡭
ˮЦøϹСҲҲϵˣ
ЦСѾͷ죬絹ˣ˵ɫһͻȻʱ֣ʱ
ĺǳ⣬ͻȻ΢Ц֣ţҲӦö֣֣֪Եϵ˺֮ǣһȫģһʲôԹԵȵȪ·ϡ仰û˵꣬ͻȻӲ۽ͻȻѣͻȻʲôﱬը˿
ţҲŤΣͻȻһѪǰһѪ
ˮûиǶҲվϻǽЦѣֻһ⻹Ѫ
ˮ֣βҶû뵽¾ǹԼ벻
ʱЦ˹ȴû˵
·ƬռѾֹؼֻʣ¹ĴϢ
ڵϣϵĴϢţѪͣĴ˿ؿ۾ﻹصĳŪ֮ɫ
ͻȻ乫Ŵ죬ɴ۾֮ǰ񶼲ġ
һᣬϢҲֹͣ
ѱһ̯࣬Ѫеࡣ
㿴ˮеһѪȥ΢ЦӣһǿߣֻҪһ͹ˡ
ˮ̾˿ʵǷǳϲɱ˵ģһŮɱˣܲ¡תͷȻһЦ磬˵ǲǣ
硱ֻҶд
硣
㾹Ķ硣
ǾǴͨġ
Īɣˮ鸮ʲôɸ˵Ĺϵɣ˭ܽͣ
Ҷ̲ס̾˿Ц˲ˣøȴ˺ö硭⵹úܡ
㵭ɨҶһۣɱ㣬Ǿ͸ˡ
⻰ҶͻȻЦαϴλҪЦģҪ⣬ŭ֣ʱ㾹ȻЦĳҵЩˡ
Ҷ㣬òֹסЦŵһ£һţȻҲҪš
Цлѣһŵġ
Ҷ˵ձɱ˵Ĺָˣ㵱Ȼš
Ȼ
Ҷ΢Ц˵빫˹׼㣬㻹ǲš
ǲšȻ˵ţ̲סعͷȥãһ֮£ɫʱñǽףˮң㣬Ҳá
ͻȻĹ죬ٿ˿һȫޱĹĿеĿ־֮ɫ૵㡭ѻΪһѪˣΪʲôû
Цˣ۾¶һ˿⵶Ц⣬ȴȫޱ飬ɨˮƺЩŵʵΪʲôҪңȻģȴ˱֮⡣
ȴŹԭˣԭһֱڸǡ
˵ϵҶһֿۣЦǲҲúܺЦʤȴ㣬ܻˣҲ㣡
ͻȻȵӣҶϵĽƣȵһ󡣡
ˮ̾˿Ϊʲôֱڲҽ⿪ϵĽƣ̫ˡתͷһЦ˵ǲ̫ˣ
ЦȷʵѾˡĿ⾼㣬ͻȻһȭһȭƿ֮ȭͷϻһȭûк㣬Ǻ䵽˹ϡ
㲻ܣʱҪùĿˣ˺ĳݰת˳ȥ顱һײǺʯ֮ϣֱֱɣεѪҲѱˡ
ŹһѪͻȻһץһεĻӰͳУСӰ빫켫ƣɹҲһۣϺâһСӰһĲҽк󣬱㳹ʧˡ
ֱʱ̧ͷˮޱģɱˣҲٸģˮԳѪҲֻʹһΣҲܳˡ
ÿ˵һ仰һֱڣſڵ㾿˭¶֮⣬ͻȻ֣ѴеļƻټϹʵݲš
Ц㻹²
㿴ȫϿ־̾Ϣ²ǹʵ벻ʲôɲǣǹôܵõΡ
ЦˣЦķǳͣ۾¶һ˿ɫЦ⣬ȴȫޱ飬˭Ҳ֪ΪζЦ
㴹ͷҶǸӣг˲ᣬû˵һ仰ȴֻܾҪˡ
˹ֻֽȥ͸˹ǵѡ
ǻ˱ʱҲƴһƴڣвܷ鶼ѷȻԼһӡµȦ
µǣΪֹ֪Լġ
ֻһ㣬ʹȫɥʧ˶־
Ľ䣬۾ĳŪ֮ɫԣ㲻Ҫˣ
롣
ҲҪӹˣûпһۣ͹ˮǰȻСȥ
һ紵ӰΪƬƬĹâŲ
סˡ
Ϊӣ˳Լ˳ѣҶǻ㾡Ѫǲ٣ڵĹȴûпһۣͽ֮ˮȻȥΪʲô
ֻ춼ǿˮ̲סתͷˮӣ㵽׻ʲôŸ磿
ˮӦ֪ģ㶼֪Ӧ֪ȴԶҲ֪
üǡ
ûǡˮ΢ЦţΪ±ǸȦסЦۡģصȦһ֪ҪȴΪ˻Լһ˵ԶҲ벻
ֱҪιȥˡ
ΪĶϧƴѪϧҰ㻥ҧ
ֿЦᣬȴƺ˵ģȥ죬ϻδ͸ѪǵЦ޶޲벻ˮ鸮Щϲ«ľʲôҩ
ãŵΪʲô
ˮЦЦҾҪҲ׵úܣοֻҪ¡
㿴ۡĵЦݣЦݣֻҪǸˣѿܣ̲סֳ̾˿ֻҲһ
ˮȻֻ㻹ҪЩ
ЦȻҲˮ鸮ˣΪʲôܵõΡ˵ͻȻȻѵǹֻ㡭
ˮ˵㣬ЦøЦŵ֪ͺã˵
˰ΣЦҲǸˣҲնˣƻĹƣһȣЩֱСҼҡ
ˮϼЦллĿ佱ȻЦĻ𣿡
㵭ɨҶһ۵ˡ
ˮǲӦˣ
˵㣬ҡҡͷҪˣϵ׼ôáϵҶèĹâ볢һ
ˮĿһ˿䵭߰ɣѲҪˣ
΢ɫĿˮһֿۣҶһۣ̾˿ûˮ鸮ϲӢŵĴԣȻģҺ֪ˣȴĸΪµˣһǷĵĺܣǷˮ鸮һ


903 Ȧ
԰գһҲʧˡ
Ҷɫ԰ףǴЦĿȴֲ¶Ц֮ɫ
ЦĲˡ
ЦԼ
һߣˮɫͻȻҲ԰ˣҶȻ̾Ϣһ֮䣬µһ˭
ҶȻڲܶҡ
ˮҧ촽㡭ΪıԵ㻹ϳô
ҶۣǵЦѱøԣʲô
ˮһֱڿϷ
ҶҲ̾ϢһڿϷôϻˣҪ棬ҪѧϷһҪݣݸݸ㿴˵ڿϷΪʲô˵ҲڿϷ
ˮͷĿ¶֮ɫʵ벻ҶȻ˵һ˰ΣȻҡ
ҶȻĻҲݴһΡ
ˮգգ۵Ŷݴˣ
ΪʲôҪ빫ߡ˵Ҷ۾ͻȻֳŪЦ⣬ˮΪѶԵǰľ𲻵κˣҪһ취˵һı
˵ʲôҶĻˮɫڱˣıˡ
ҶЦ֪빫ϣҲûסңȴַҪɣֻöһˣ˸ߣȻƺס
ˮҧ촽ҡҡͷЦΪʲôҪô룡
Ҷɵֻһ˿֮ڻûף˿ֻһˣȻҪɱ㲢׵£Ҳ£ѵͲɱ㡣
ˮ̾˿ѵΪһıԸô˵ڵıҲûˣô
Ҷͷ벻ͨĵطҲûء
ˮҶһۣ̾ұϾһΡ
ҶЦ˷ʥͣ޴
ˮҲˣ˴Ǳ˴
ҶһŶ
ˮ˵ҴˣΪҿ㣬ʲô
ҶЦֻֻȥƭСӣ
ˮȻЦˣѶ飬ô£
Ҷǧ˵ǶҶ飬һܲ˵ġ
ˮҲ̾˿Ȼˡĸֳڣˮ߳ߣżһ˵ϵĽӣֽסڿն
ڲߣǲЩҶѶԾ𣬻콣ȵĻ˵꣬ӣˮе·ˡ
ˮȫȻҶĽâȻʲôҲֱֱҶĽĻб˽ȥһĻҶĴˣֹסâջعƣˮô
꣬һûþջصĽâˮ紦Ʈһ˿֮С
ˮֽӹ˿ҶȻЦôǺǣûҾǷˣȻ㲻ңҾɱңһӦˣ
ֽ꣬һƣ֮͵Ҷǰ
Ҷջ콣סӣһ̣Ūˮ˼ˡ
ƮڿУĿּš
ҶƼȻһζҲ֪ǳϲǸᡢֺݶŮӣҲǸصŮӣӤ㴿棬ȴûһܲ³ġ
ƼҶϷ΢Цȴ̾ϢɰŮӣ˿̵Щʲôѵǰ˵飬ɣʲôɣܲ
ˮȻҲƼҶЦˡ
һ̣ҲӰЦݣЦݱá
ۣҶ˹ͷվҶǰĽëḲȴ˵
һ̣˵ĺһ
ˮһӽԼҶͻȻһ߳
һ߳
ˮһ𣬵˼㡭㡭ôˣ
Ҷ㲻Ҫǰˣк鷢
ˮˣƫƫҪߡ԰գȻļӿŲ˹
ҶЦúã˵δˣҶһĳоȻһƣûκֵأˮţˮȴ޶á
ɴʱҶѾ֣һȻľУˮɳȥݺݵʯ֮ϣвӿѪɫǲ԰ѩ
һĻҶˣ˳߲ǰˮ㡭Ǻο࣬Ϊ㡭ôҲ㿪ģ˿ˮϵѿҪɢˡ
˭ӲҶһƣûȥ漣
ˮӿһѪ㡭Ӧ֪һòŮˣǡʲô¶ܹģ˵Ѿ˹ȥ
һĻҶͻȻ̾˿૵ˮˣԺıƣҲˣ˿̣ҶˮҲټն񶾣˿ֻ̣ǸƽŮӣ԰׵ÿ£ٲʩȣҪˡ
Ҷ̾ϢһȡѪҺڣȻ߶ָ
֪˶ãһУˮ˹۾ƼҶ
ΪʲôҪңˣǸô
ҶûÿĲǣôˡ
ˮͼƿҶһ˻ҲҪңҲԸⱻƼ⸱ӣĿУǸɺޣֿµŮӡ
棬ʹŵҲԸɱҰɡ
ҶȻԸΪȥ
ˮȻ֪ο໹Ҫң
Ҷ̾Ϣ˵ʵҲ֪
ˮִأ˻ɱҰɣɱңһ˰ˣʲôҲҪ룬ʲôҲòˡ
ҶȻһЦ૵ɱ㣬һΪԼȥŮˣ˭µ֣
ˮ߰ɣѾܶˣҪߣʲôҲˣʩչʲôˣ֪лڹ˼ңڲ¼ң߰ɣ߰ɣҪٿ㡣
ҶΣͻȻ̾Ϣһҵȷڲ¼㣬ڡĿͻȻᣬȴܲˣΪҴˣܲ
˵꣬ҶˮʯţˮȴľȻû˵ȴʣΪʲôҪ
ҶҲƼ񣬿ҲҽһŮʵġ
ˮû˵
Ҷ㣬Ϊʲô˵ˣ
ˮգգ۾Ŀ⣬Ťתͷʲôãȴ̫ˡ
Ҷظͷ˵ĲΨһȱ㣬̫ˣҵĲ㻹ܻô
ˮˣҲ˵Ҷͷʹ㡭ҵĻô
ҶЦ˵Ӧô
ˮ̾˿̧ͷȻһЦŵģ
Ҷעϣ˿ûо̣˿ûж⣬еֻ۵飬Ũƣۣ۲ᣬתͶ΢¡µŮӣѵôļô
ҶΨ̾ϢԸҲҪڽľ
ˮ۲չתһڵģ
Ҷˮ顭ˮ顭Ǹ鶯Ůӡ
ˮôǰΪʲôҪôص֣ҲһҪˡʱ鶯ŮӣҲҪˣ
ҶЦ鶯ıȴЩ£
ˮһۣƿ˵أ˰벽۲۲ƺЩŭҧӣڻңѵҪһΣ㡭ô
ҶĿעԶƵˣ߰ɣԹ̫ͨ࣬ҵϤ˴·Ҫ߳ȥ治Ǽ׵¡
ˮͷ̾ԭңֻҴ㣬ĪҪǰ˵ֻôһУٻз롣˵ȦѺˣѽ
Ҷ̾Ϣ˭ˣ¶޼ƿʩ
ˮ棬㡭ѵһҲң
ҶҺԸ㣬ֻǣֲܲҵֱ
ˮʱƼ£ʱҲδģοĪеֱ
ҶĬȻΣ૵Ƽ£ʱҲδģοֱ
ˮλŵҴС˵˵һ˶ңСͲ֪Ǻ£ֻ㡭ֻᵽָоָоġ
ͻ˵ҶϣŵҲңҡһŻʲô˼
ҶɫҲΪȻô
ˮͷ㷢˰㴹䡣
ҶҿôݶŮӣ
ҪۣΨ̾Ϣҡͷ񡣡
ˮôͲûҡ
ҶĬȻΣḧᷢҴˡҴˡܲܲңʱΪ棬κ¶ҪĴ滳ɵġ
ˮҸ̾ϢһҶϣһжģȻɱңҲ㡣ŮӷԼϣ⡭
ҶʯˣҲˣᡭԶӢǲɿܵġ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶʵӱˮԳ߸ˣǵøϽȥŶԡ
ˮ֪·Ժܿǳ˭Ҳ׷ǡ
Ҷһ·ġ
ˮȻЦȻңڳǰǲܺġЦɫ¶ԭǸֵ԰ŮӣҶһжˡ
Ҷ૵⻰Щ԰գռУˮº
ˮҶߵ·ҲŨȻʶҲӵޣҶЩɻʱ
ˮȴԻͳһżΪӣȻ⣬ȴɢŨĺܣһ㹻տǰ·ˡ


904 Т
Ϊܵˣûкãһַɽڣһӣǰ·
ҶҪȥȴҲƿˡ
ûõ˵ͬǰҪ˵Ůӡ
һۣͨܳ᫡
ȴûκΣգˮĺ죬ҲûƭҶ
Լʱֻǰ澹ѵ˾ͷʯŵס·ʯȴͷ֮ϣǰʯֱͨȥ
ʯţˮ˿ͷǳڣȥơ
ҶϹȥס֣ЦȳɣҪʲôΣҲӦԣ
ˮĵ㻹֪ôҶĻ˿г˻䣬ȴûҶȻһЦʯȥ
ҶˮϣͻȻ૵ԼǶɣˣʱˮƿһʯ壬й
ĺڵͨҲˡ
Ҷ˿µĿǼĵط
ˮѷȥ
˰Σˮ̽ͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɵȥǳںСһ˵ӡ
̽ͷȥ
̽ͷȴҲղˣȫѪҺͻȻ˱
ص⣬ȻǸ԰Ĵʻ
ѹǹпŵ˻㡣
ⲻҶȵ£ҶȻǣʱǰ˫۾ڶ˫۾Ц⣬Ц⣬ҶȫѪҪס
ջԴʯͨУȴ̫ˣ֪˿ֻҪ춯˫۾ˣͻὫԴ
ʱ۾ЦţҶ˹ָҶֻ֪Ҫгɣͻû
ֻпЦȥ
Ӹ¶һ룬һ飬ȫѱˮʮơ
ֱҶȫסˮ˫۾˹ȥ˫۾һĶŵӣɢϢҶҿ϶һǿߡ
Ųҷ
ڣˮббӵĻЦҶȴڵϣָã֪ʲôζ
ټ㾡ȴˮ
ˣȴû뵽ͷһˣˡ
ޣȴᣬЦȴʵЦ
ˮЦ벻ɣڻһ
Ҷ̾ҵȷ뵽ģ㶨ıڵңֻʱҲ֪ǲˣ֤ûȻǸĺݵŮˣԱĺݣԼӵĺݣŮˣĻû
ˮЦڲ뵽㣬Ѿ̫ˡ
ʱЦСһҲ̫ľλСŮɲ֪ö˳ԹͷһҲԩ
ҶЦȷƽŮӣŮٶµֻ¶ɱˡ
ˮЦ
ҶȻܺãҺ㣬Ľϣѵ治ɱ㣬Ҫֻ֪Ҫĺһ㣬ˡ
ˮЦ㲻˵ʲôȱҲûУЩôʼһţɵҷ㣬빫ʱǶΪκһˣ뿪ġңҲɱǣȴûУߣûɱǣüͷûһ¡һˣǸӣ
Ҷ̾͸˱˵ģȴ͸ҵģʵⲢҲ㣬ֻҵûôڣҲû壬޳ܡ
ˮȴ⣬ЦûҵĴºţǰٱħŮôǺǣڲż䣬ôܲأаٱ䣬ֵοң
Ц˵㱾Ҳ֪
ҶֿЦаٱ䣬µ˭Ƽ㣬¶תܣ
仰ˮôô˵Ҳǳ˲ٿƭѽҷǵң㱧ң֪ӣԼûñˣҸҲûУһȭûĺ
ҶЦ֪ˣֻ޵Ϊûһȭ㡣
ˮɫ˱䣬˲Цôô
Ҷͷ֮任ɫֵζң
ˮҲ㡣˵仰ԼҲգ૵ʱУǸħŮˡ
ҶǰᣬԶģԽʱԽƫƫҪ
ˮͻȻᣬɫһɨҶһۣͻȻһҶ˹
Ҷ㡭
ֻδ˵ڣѱһƣĿһĵҶ˵ŮᣬǸ
ۣⷬҶŭĻ
ٸŮһᣬ̾㡣
ӵı飬Ҷ̾һĬȻúǰĵ֪ġ
ˮȥ۽ǵӯӯߵԣڣѴ֮ˣ
ɨҶһֻۣӣȻȫʬ
ˮɱ
ӵ˲ſ仯
ˮ۲һתȻЦŮȸºô
Ȼ谮Ҳʱ˿Ϊ˵ȴЦҪ˵£ʱԸġ
ˮǰиʣĴѰʿѾеѪȴҲҲһȻһҲˣǶе˵ȴ˵
ӴЦϷЩŵˣԸ԰ô׾£ⲻҵˣЩҲΪЧ
ˮһ۵ɲˣλ̫Լ¶Ըȣˣͻˣ˵һܣ˭Ч
Ц˵Ҳĺݡ
ˮȻǰˣ㲻˲ţ㲻˲ţһɱˣǿϧĺܡԣŮõ롣
ĬȻΣעҶǱСǧ׽סģһͽɱҲ̫ϧˡ
ˮƵο˿̶Щõļֵ
ЦԹŮʵ⸸¡ˣģͽɣһҪȥһˮԳ顣԰գڿնת۾ͻΪһ׵㣬ʧʡ
ʱˮ㽿ЦҶ룬ҲԸ㽻ҵġ˵ţ֣ʱĸ̧һƾճ
ڣҶɨˮһۺ󣬾ͱУ˵ӣʵӲ࣬͸ĵطʵڲࡣ
ʲôûУǸյĹײƵģӴҶȫ÷ۣҲ֪ʲôɵӣȻô
ĺ˽ҶӺˮӴЦҶίһ°ɣǽ͵ˮ鸮󣬾ͻΪ㰲Ÿķġ
Ҷֻĸ˻ͣͲҰ·ƻǣǷôӦ֪Ǻܻƻ˵ġ
ˮЦģĸʿ˻㽫˵ˣҲܷ㡣˵ֵҪ֪Ǹܽˣûаյ£ǴȻһЦʾ⣬̧ӱȥ
ĸ˹ͼˮ뿪󣬱̧Ҷ򱩷纣˷˶ȥ
ʱı纣ϣѹѹͷХĺʮ׸ߵ˻˳УĵýĺӰ̧һںдС
һ·ȻҲŲٺ޻࣬ЩƼǣеԶԶи񣬾·ܿеݲϵǣƼĸˮ鸮ı־ҲԶԶͱ֮Ψֲ˭£
ˮ鸮ˮҶͻȻ֣ǰƼǣԶԶܿȴвٺĸ
ߵЩ޾͸ȴǹȲ˵ҲûаҪ鷳ӡ
֮ʱô󺣱ɫһִǰһĺУ˿̣ĬĬŰĵ绡Բʮ֮ڣԵ쳣ɭֲ
Ҷǰ̧ӵˣֻͷƺˣɫȫޱ仯ʲôûƼ̧Ҷֱֱµ
ҹҶͻȻҹѰǲȥŪЩԣĥЩʱ䡣
ĸˣһͷȥᣬһȴɱӣӣ
ҶЦӣҲŷǲӦ̺ңԼ̺Լ˳ЩԵģҲǺõģȻ̫Ȥˡ
ߣ⵹Ǿ˻һһ䣬ͬȴҲ
Ҷ˰Σκζɵ˵ȻǶ˼ΪβȥȡЩԵĶ
һЦⱩ纣ԶѵҪԼô
ҶԼ֣ѵҪȥ
һЦͶ˼ҡ
ҶǲȥָȥĪԵĶϵ
ҶԱߵĺЦưɡ
ֻͻȻաơơơȻһϯӣڵϣͬӰһӰϵĳЩӰʧ֮ʱѳ˾
ҶȥϯѶ̣װŽռϸ⣬ɫͷ׵ѩ㣬ɫˮˮ͸㣬мֻƿװ˷䣵ƣһϯƲˣ˸ʡ
Ҷգգ۾Цԭ׼ˣ²ɷ˵֣˱ƣ˵ĺ
Ҷ׵ĺЦֻɱ¾ǻģⶼЩТġ
Ҷҧһ⣬˼£žȥ󣬲ŵŶʲôТ


905 Ż
Ǻ˵һ·ϸǺЩޣƼˣ
ҶЦֻûƼ
Ǻ˽ŵЩޣǵТֻҪˮ鸮ڣЩТʲôҲҪġ
ҶԭЩǵ£ãˮ鸮ųƱ纣֮һˮǺޱߣЩТⱩ纣֮Уߵǣ̺š
˭֪Ǻƨ£϶Щӡ
ҶȲϵãô˴ǡ
ǺЦˮ鸮ɢ纣ۣ̽纣ļأڱ纣Уʲô紵ݶˮ鸮ȥ̽Ϣ
ҶˣԹԣҪ纣ТﵽҪ٣ʹˮ鸮Ϊۣ˳֪¡
һЦټ֣纣˲࣬⺣޵ֻ±໹Ҫɱֻ֮֮Ҫ֣дТá
һҲЦ⻹ĸԸģΪʲôĺޣҲͽ׵ģǸ߽׵ģֻҪͷ϶˸ˮͷΣܱ޻ʹ죬ҲˬЩҪ֪Ⱪ纣ǺܲпģûӲĺ̨ǺġʼЦܴ󣬵ʱȴСúܵǿСͦõģ㲻硭
ٺ٣ʲôҶЦĴϵСɲǺĽɫҿֻܲö֮Զӣ˵ҶͻȻʵ׼ʲôʱ·
뿪ڵ峿
Ҷ̾˿ֻϧǵļƻҪıˡ
ĸüΪʲôҪı䣿
ҶһЦЦͻȻʮ֣ЩɭɭЦǻ֪
ҶЦݣ˵һžһĵ棬ȻվŭʲôҡδˣӾصȥ
ҶٺЦ֪˰ɣ
ʱҲڵϣơƲж
ҶЦһƭǣԸȵͬһƣֻѷ˽ҩѡ
ĸɫ㡭ΪҪˣ
ҶһȻǷңԹԵӴ򿪡
֪ĸȻˣʵ㣬ǾˣҲΪӵġ
Ҷð̲̾סʵҲӣ
ĸˣҶĶӶ޷
Ҷֻ̾Ц˲ò࣬ҾȻ˼ļһСүһӹ⣬ȴ֮أҿҲδ뵽
ĸΪ֮ɭɭЦ̾ʲôжǣҪҲǣҪ̾ҲӦ̾ǡ
ҶͷЦһˣǿǺܶ¶ĳģܵӲС
ĸ˴ЦΪѾܴˣô㣬ҼС㶨·㶨ᵷԸǾȻˣҲܸӣҼСȣԶأ
ҶƵС㣬һвңˣҲʲôˡ
ĸͻȻЦ˿ҲǲȻǲҲǺǽ˶һ·ϲ滨˵үһƽ£㲻ǸˣҲԩЩ
ԣҶǣͻȻЦ
ĸ˴ŭֻ˵ô
ҶЦǲǶȴҲͨĶҩǶ
δ˵꣬һһס½󣬱ɫ˵ʲô
ҶЦʹ˻ɢĶҩɢɢ֪˵ûУ֪ǶǻɢˣֽɱҪǧ򱶣ΪˣҪֻأǻɢǿֻصĻᣬûˡ
ÿ˵һ䣬ĸ˵ɫԽǺһֱ֣ǲ㡭㡭콫ҩ
ҶЦúúãӦҩøǣȻǽ͵ˮ鸮СħŮ衢ĥҡĪҪˣһ㶾ҩֻҪɢɢȴҪġ˭֪ҶεĻǾȻЦˣЦǣǴӣʲô˵ɢ֮ǾΪɢ֮ˡ
ҶЦȻȻǧĪҪţǽʶ̽ڣǵ֮ﱣһëûУҲؿɡ
ؿδ˵꣬ĸѲʶ̽ڡ
˲գһ֮ɫʱñѩףң㣬Ҳá
ҶЦûϵȻһһЩֱһʱᣬǲˣҲɢǻüɱҡ
Ȼɱ˿̾ٽǸӣҲҶ֣ҶˣȴֻˣȴңֱӻɢûֻصĻᣬҶһҪýҩĺеϴ㡭㾿ô
ҶЦǣ˿̾͸ùԹԵشӣȽ˼ϵĽƽˣ˼ҵƨ˼ҳȻٷ¸֮ģӴԶ˼ҵĻ˿Υ


906 ̷
һ˸㣬㲻ǵĶΣ
ҶЦǾֻöһˣƣܻǽⶾġ
ĸ˶һۣͻȻҶ߹ȥ
ҶƵЩҩûֳɵҩɽģң¶֮⣬˭Ҳ֪ǶԾΣǲţҲԡ
ͣס˽ţҲһñԶԣԼԣǿûôĵӡ
ͬʱǷģһΪǾūˣѶûвӦûǷ½ҩȴǲֻ֪ܷ֮һΣѶˮ鸮ˡٷЧˣϵĶʱ򣬶ҪСֺÿٲ˵һȥ˸ֶ֮ģӣҶ˳
ڰҶʱȴˣµĽƲͬⷨҲǲͬˮҶϵĽƣǹĺܣĸ˵˰ΣҲܽ⿪
ҺֽҲʱƵģֻϵĽƣ췴ͻȻȥȻϻнƣҶվ·ϵЦˣܽͲܽ⡣
ĸ˸Ц˼ҵĽҩ
Ҷʲôҩ
⻰˵飬һѹʺʧ㡭˰죬Ҳûһ
ҶЦĪҪżƭġЦԻСƿӣҩʵϣǷΪʲôѡʱȷ̫ű˵Ļ
ֺޣ޲һְСǾҪһҩһӾ͵һ롣
˱ɫ㡭Ϊηࣿ
˷½ҩЦϴЩ
˺ݺݶƿӣƿҩֳݣȫȥȻҶȴСֻܵȥ
ҶҲǣٿ۴û
һȻû
ͬʱЦⶾҩúÿ죡
ҶͻִЦҽǿʱ֮ʱѪȻ΢΢ֱˣߣôЩ
ֱĿɿڴӶ챻ˡ
ĸ˻С֣ԭƭˡ
ҶЦƭĸ֣Ҳ룬ЩƲֲģô¶ο˶ΪβǶǽҩ
Ϊ׵ĺͻȻҲЦǿҲǴӣ㣬ȻԽϵĽƣȴ˵ܽ⣬⼸֮㻹޷ùǾֱȡ
ҶŶô
ǺЦٵģûС㣬ֻҪһֻ䣬ӣһֻ֣һȡ
ҶɫѽҺѽ
˵㲻غ£ȻҲǺޣ⡣˵һҶ˹
ҶҲе͵һ
֣Ǻ˾ֱҶǶҲ
ǺһҲ֪أӾͻȻҡɫҲˣͻȻһԴУֱͦͦȥֻ۾ֱ°ĭаһ㡣
˴󾪵⡭ô£
ҶЦҲûʲôֻƲ޶ǽҩȴжģҪЩȻȥ
ŭһ˶𣬵ӷ˵УǸľͷƵĵȥ
ҶЦɾͶˡĸ¶ҶȴҾôСܿ˿һƬ֮С
ɽӭּ΢΢Щ֮⣬̵ֻģ˲½ƵζĲܣӵ࡭̫һ񣬲ȶһ
̧һȴһ˺ҲûУúٺЦŵͦ͵ģ԰գ˼ű֮أҡһЦҲƣĵӰ
ĸĺˣʱǹȫϺ棬ﻹһ˿жļ
Ҷһ㶣üһ̧ۣȥֻˮһϮ£վڲϣһϸ֦ˣҲЦΣķܵˣ˼Һġ
ˮͻȻҶһЦصС㣬ɣҲ𣿡
ˮһ㶣̶ͨ죬˵˵ʲôѽ
ҶȲܵʲô
ˮȴǽЦҪ㣬ʲô
˵Ҷ̾ʲ֮УȻڼλ´磬ȴҳ룬˹ˣܲɣʶʹ˼ƣǷңУϣȫˬˡ
ˮڿڼ˵˴ģԿϸʣΣʵɭڲˣǸʲôҪôԶô
Ҷнп࣬ѾͷǸħŮŮԼĻش𣬶Ȼ׷ˣСȴͷʹ˶ҶҲмǣӿڱڲô
˵ΣһʧôˣĪղűͷʲô׷ϣһʱ涫Ų֪ܵôԶˡ˵̾Ϣһ࣬Ҳù׷ɱ
ѣһ˶Ȼѱ档
ˮˣǣҲһˣһЦƮȻ£ָιգ˵߲ߣų¶֮⣬ɴ˿һ˿Щ
Ƥָۣȥ¼ۣҶȴ෴ʤƤʵٺЦ㲻ţʲôӣ˵գֿ˿ܣװģͷ˵ʵľɫĲˣ
ˮɨɨ޵ҶήĲݣһ仨ҲûУľɫҲ㲻
ҶٺЦ㶮ʲôŮӰǴүǾǰЩûҶӵҶ޸ĺΪңеζҲġģҶԽԽҲԽԽг
ҶɫˮһתЦȻˣһٿ⾰ɫΣ
Ҷ㣬ͲСˡ˵꣬תʵʵǸΪ׼˵Уһӣϣ˲֪ģֻˡ
ˡˮһĸ˵·ٳҾǻ𡭡꣬Ҷһۣһݣƣº裬ӳʮɡ
ҶбȥһᣬѲˣԿЦС椵濴Լ˼Ȼһ·Լλʧȥֻʵʵȥˮ鸮ˡ
ĸ֮ǰʧְ˿ҲҺҶ˵Ĺƣֻһۣڲɷ˵̧ӣбȥ
;УҶǣǶ죬һֻǰ·޼ƿʩҶҲֻñĿڤ
һ·̧ͣŵҶڱ纣֮ϣһ纣һϿȵУĸ˽Ҷڹ⣬һĺȴ˽ȥ
ɽȽˮ鸮ϣӲҪڲźãȻԶӵĸԣֻ¡ǰϿȣ΢΢ЩģΪû˱Ǹ˽λӵĸˡ
Ĺ鵣ģѻصˮ鸮ˣܲɶȥɣ漴ΪһӰϿڣϿһЩֵĺֲïǳ
ʱ򻹴һЩֲðһЩޣ֮Ǽֲˣƶûһۡ
Ƭ̡
˺Ͽһſڣվš
վסһȵ
ЦŶҶʶˣ˵ЩЦһЦŵԭ´ˡȻ˵Ȼû
ʵǿȴˮ鸮Ķӣƺɫ¡
ȥһǶӣҪд£֣صһСԸĴ£
С㣿һۣϸһۡ
һţȥҼˡ˵ű붴ڲ˺һǻˣˣҼ룬
ĵװߵҪС֪ǽ˲һ£ߣʮҲסǣŵԴɣ
ⶴڲǳĴ󣬶ҲҲΪݣƬ̣˴УΧŸͼЩͼƴһƺһϵĹ¡
ȴˮ鸮ķ֮ʼˮĵϵӵУıڻʱ̶ǵãˮ鸮ҵǾ汲ƴɱŵģڡߣǵˣˮ鸮ӵܺµģſǳ˵汲Щڻĳԣ
Ȼ룬ʵЩĽģĸ˭ӵеġ
һĮľ洫ǺǺСȥˮԳôһˣ
ϷıϣһλͷۣɫŽߵĳ۵̷ˣ̷˫Ŀ̹⣬촽ɫ˶һּΪĸо
ӣֻһ磬磬Ҳˣ
ʲôλ̷΢΢һվüͷһᣬ漴ǲСʲôȥԲлġ
СǻһҶлظֻĴˣᵽҶٿǰλӣͻȻãв·
С˵Ǵ˴λ͵࣬ƹĻһ·֮ϣһ仰ҲҺҶ˵ĵɴʱǰӣڼҶ󣬲֪᲻Ǹ࣬ҵ
Ҷϵ̷üͷ𣺡ôû˵ࣿСԸǻ͵ģֺر֮ȻС˴
ֻ֪Сһ·ʲôҲ˵ʲôҲֻҪ·ͺáһᣬʵ˵˳Ȼ֪ӵĺģ˵ӵĺĿ»浽ʱɾҪˡ


907 ҵĳ
ൽЩȤζ̷üͷţ૳ҵ뿴һ࣡漴̷˿ȥĺѹ
ǣϸֹɫȴ󵹿ˮϣӲҪȻ֪ǸʵôСԴ֣̬ȣҲǷǳµġһţһȥ
һᣬ̧Ҷ˽
ˮ̷ӵһۣûеҶװҶӾɳ
С㳣һЩ츳ΪڣΪΪ̬ĺ޵ˮ΢΢һæ
ǲ򵥡̷ӵĮͷ
ҲôΪģӦ֪ԴСˮЩǿûֹ֮࣬ڰ;ȴǳɹȥ
ʲôĻû̷꣬͢𾪵һվ
ˮһַǳټɵģ˵ǿߣǿߣһУҲֻҪִУͻȻҶȻܴӳβ𾪡
ӣ»û˵ˣ̷ӵɫŵʱϵĹ÷ӡˣԡ
ԣǿԵʵǿıģǰɣû˵̷꣬ѽӿڵôδܿ£˵꣬䶢ҶСƽǣοˣ
ӣСǾ콫ͻˮ鸮ǲӦáӵ飬һæѡ
ţ̷ӻͷĮһۣ۾һʯȥһæ̧Ҷϣʯ֮󣬾һ͵Ĵ
ǽװҶӷ£㷢һʵĹâ˸󣬴ϵӰʧ
һٴγʱǵһͬɾ칬ĵطǻÿܶŴ
̷̧ӿҶһۣȳһ񹬵ȥ
ĸ˻һֻۣθϡ
̷֮ĸ˵ȳȥҺҪ̸
⡭ĸ໥һۣ֪ǺãЩԥ
⻰ҶҲɻ󣺡ҴûҸʲô
ĸվԭû̷ӶʱŭǲߣҪǳȥôӦ֪һֻ·˵ɫ
ĸüͷһ壬һᣬ˳ô˼ҲӣӵĻǻ治Ҳ˳ȥ˲䣬ͷҵȾȳȥǾ͵ţӣ㡭㡣
̷ϲЦտãǾ͵̸󣬺ܿ
´ˡɻҶһۣ߳˹˳Ҳر˹š
ߣѾˡԿǣӦ˵˰ɡĸһߣ̷̲ס俴ҶĪҴ˵ĻģȻߡ
УҶϹֻǴ׵ĸѣ˿ҶʲôܴԼ֮䣬ȡҶûõԿǰ˺Ƥ
ҶĻ󣬲˵ȻҲдŭ˿ȴǷŭʱ
һֻһ̷ֱ͡ʩչ򡱣
Կǣ˵ɡ̷ЦúеֻҪ㽻ԿҿԱ֤ͷ飬㡣
Ҷɫһ䣺Ǹʲô
̷ȴ΢ЦţҺ̸ôҪȻҪʩչ򣬷ֹҶھͽԿҰɡ
㲻ڿЦɡҶ̷ôҪôܷϡ
̷Цһ࣬ǰͱװˣҸ㣬ҲҵߣԼҴҲǻģСѾͷ֪ʲôԭ򣬲ûб㽻ԿȴͬˣҪϸźá
벻ôңҶϽ䱸֮
ǶӦɣӶҶ󴦡
Ҷɫһ䡣
̷ЦˣҸ㣬ԼǺԹԽԿһɲΪ㣬򣬺ߣҶѣ
ҶеתϱҲָЦȻ㶼֪ˣҲϣԿȷϣǿֻҪһͷͻԱʱɾʯˡ
̷Цߣ㵽ô˵ɣ
ãҾϲ˿ҶݵӦýҴʱųɣӦ֪˭ôһ鶼ǼȲˬġ
̷һû˿ԥһӣӵդˣҶһ˼ҲûУҲһˣ˶ûвġ
Ҷ̷ӲżѾʾ˳⣬Ӧֵʾİɡ


908 ׳յ
ţܺҪľǳţҶȻ
ԣӦýԿˡ̷Ȼ
˵𣿡ҶЦ
⻰̷Ҳŭף½ԿҺҾͻɱڣ֮飬ҷģֻҪԿң̾ͷ㣬Σ
СҶҡͷ
̷ɫһҪ֪Ҫɱ㣬ֻҪ־Ϳ԰쵽ĵȴ֪Сͻģɱˣ治СýҲһԿͻʧ
Ǿ־ɱңҲȫ֮ʣǾԲܽԿġҶЦ֮ǰ˵򣬾͵ýԣעعƽ
ߡ̷Цϣҡ
㣿ôƣҶֻһʼͲҹƽ׶ѣ
̷Ŀ˲еŭ˲ţŭһ˲һֱ֣һҶ
ҪҶһƲǺء
䡭
㲻أҲָֻҪѣһĻҶеضһ
˱˳ȥݺײǽϣǽڱѣҶֱҵ棬ʯ֮вϻص
Ҷɫʱúѿ㡭
Լҵġ̷ҶһۣˢһֱӳҶ˹һĳȴǷʩΪҶһ湬ϣ˲ҵһ湬ϡ
һҶײϣѪ͵һţһ⣬㳯е̷ӷɴܹȥҶĵЦһûãԼӲĶ£ȻûƵϵĽƣһӦùˡ
˿ҶѪɫ԰ס
̷ӼȻԼ²ɷ˵һƣҶĵ˹֮ϣһ̣Ҷֻϡꡱһ죬ʲôһ㡣
ͬʱȫһӿҶһϲһ̣֪ƵϵĽȫеͨģһΣûмŴӹгЦĿǸɵ˶
ȥǵѪ
ӦõСүˣҶĵЦСүɲҼңһͻҪġ
Сӣ㡭̷ӿּͻȻ֮úָܲҶҪ˵ʲôͻȻ䣬һɵɫâֱӽ档
ǰĻ⣬̷˫ĿţҶֱɫ䣬ʧĽˣ
ˡҶǰӲ˼ƣϢδͨɤ쳣ͳöл㣬ϽƣС£ûˮͬԴ֮Ƶֻ»ס˵Ҷ̧֣콣â䡣
̷ӵԽ³Ҫݽ֮У޷ܣҶе콣ֱֱһɾӿʱ䣬̷ӾһƬҶŽȥ¡һײһڹڣѪƵģ۶ڱǿӿҶһ̷ǰһ
һ̷ֻ͵һֱӹڵϣǿѹ嶼ա顱һֱſ˵ϡ
ǰƣһ֮ûҾͷ㣡Ҷɫһʱ콣âһ̷ֱϡ
̷ֱӱ˳ȥˤԶֵؿҶͬǿߣôܱԼǿô࣬嶼ûͽԼŪ
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ҶҲÿһۣǽǵҲҶ˰˳ɹǿһ
һƣ̷ȫסˡ
ʶһ㹻Ҫˣɫ˲ò԰һ˿Ѫɫ
Լѵˣ̷ɵˡ
ˮ鸮ĶӣһٻûܹĲǿ½УԼƽʮ֮һʵôӳϮɱ
ҲҪ⣿̷ӻͷһȴǿҶ˫ݵ˫˿˫ϳҶ˵ͷҶȴаһ
ˣǾԲų⹬ˮ鸮УֻҪһʱǻˮ鸮ϹԼɾ鷳ˣ
ɣҶ̷ӵԺлص
Ҷ콣һӣһâ··̺صХ˺ռ䣬âλռ䶼˿ռ䲨ơ
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һᣬâһͻȻݺ̷ӵļ粿ֻá꣡һļͷѣ۰ٽҲ˿ȥ
ÿµһ̷Ȼˣȴûֻһɫ䣺һԴϣǱɣͲһ㣡
Һƴȫǵâҵһᣬӹһ٣̷ҲһΪҶ˵ͻŹģȻɫ䣬Ϊһ˸ϽɫâԻýӰˡ
ⲻǻӰ
һ쵽µʵ콣
ԭҶ콣ǵâͬʱ콣ֱֱ׳Ϊһ磬Ƴ˹ֱӶ̷ӵԴ
һĻ̷ŵɫ䣬ֻͷϵǿͻȻлΪһɫӣ֮׳ӣٿػӰ
ͬʱЩӰз׷׷һֹĵֵȻ죬ȴǳҶҲ鲻Խ΢һص콣ҲͣһᣬŻƿռ䣬̷ӡ
Ӱռѿ
ϣʱ̷ѽƬУΪһ񽣣ݺ콣֮ϣĽѣҲ콣ķƫ
κΣһҶȫʩΪ̫ǿʹƫҲֻǱѹЩ
ž콣ݺݳ̷ӵľ·նӹ侱̷ӵԴ룬ֵǣ̷ӵԴƮ˫Ǿ
ʲôȻҶȻЩ񣬵ȴ侲콣һۻػֱͷϡ
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ӲأҶ̷ӵԴ׷ȥ
ǲһҶΪģܶҶӰЩӰóһ֮УɢſµֻҪڹռһԱϵ
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ɾͷصһ˲䣬ֻǿԴΪԴͷϵ粿ز
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̷ӣҲˮ鸮ĶӣҶ˭֪ȴ֣
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һС·ͷׯԺ
ׯԺɽռز㣬Ҳ󣬵ÿһƬߣÿ䷿ӣС߽ģһζ߽ȥǸССԺӣССƲһæһҲûС
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һһţȫȻҶǷܱܹһ˵Żһҡͷ
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˭֪ʱͻ쬡һӰϴҶǰ档
Ҷסˣôһ˾˵
ҲµĴȻһЦλǰǴѽ˵ܶһֲҳֵˣҵĳôҲûмأ
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˭֪˵꣬ѴЦԭǸӳ㳤ȴҲؿСˣҪЦƶӡ
Ҷסˣ̲סӣ㡭Сãʲô
ָ룬ƽҶˣ⼸û֪ʲôȥˣʮ죬һҲ࣬һҲ١
Ҷֵôֽʲôأ
Ц˶ˮˮˮ˵ֺ
׳վˮ鸮һӣҲˮһ磬ŽӣӲͬҶ̾˿ʵڲԸ˶˵ЦֺˣȻˮӦԱ߰ɣ´һȥ
ȻˮĸԱԼҲЩЦһ֣һѷ
˭֪ˮҲͻȻ˳־ͳ߰ˢˢһ˳ֿ죬׼ֺݣ֮ѸپȷҶҪ֮
ҶȻܿȴ
ֻˮ֮ϣվҶ棬Цŵǰ㻵ҵĴ£ûңôأ
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ģ˵Ǹ۲۵Ĵ׳գ׳ӵʵʵ֮ͬУĴˣˮǸˮ鸮ĶѲ֪ǿ˶١
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ˮڻˮ鸮ǰòѽһ飬һߣʹȫøɸɾǵ˵˭ɡ
ҶһȻҪúúãҾ͸㣬λǰ˵Żб˳ȥˮ鸮ܶһϹ
Լ壬ع֪ЩǰУûҶһʱʹˡ
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䣡䣡䣡䣡
ȻжȻγһſȭͷСȼŻ֮򣬴ſµӿҶܼĻ漸һ˲ͽҶǰϷռȫڵ
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ǻ꣬һȻȵһĻ֮ҪСĶ࣬ôĻԼҲƿܳȥǰȥ
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һſŻֱӱҶķɿȥȻһЩֱӱײѿȻҶǿһ㹥ٶȴǴ
һȭ鵲ǰһŻҶ̧ʱ֮ʣˮվǰ档
⡰׳աۺ㣬Ȼһ˲䣬ܸϳҶҶǰûˮһЦһǻҶ
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ҶȻ˳ǻ꣬ˮͻȻҶʱһźڹ͸ӡϮҶ
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䡣
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뵽ҶͻȻЦãˣֻ˵һΡ
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ˮһŶ幫ϱ˵幫ʮ游
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˭֪ˮЦȻ˵ǣã롣ͷָͷл૳һŵĶ壬Ӧý壬幫ӦýС
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Ҷ֪һΪߵ˵İ׳գֻЩЦЩ졣
µȷЩ˼飬ʱ£ΪҪӵ
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ȻȴǵģǸŭŭ𣬿»ûһ˳ܵҲûһȥܣȥܣѲжӵķˡ
˿ҶҪӳƬˮǾԲˡ
ʱ˿̵ˮ鸮ȻܾǳֻҪһˮ鸮һҲһطܿٵѲϢţж֮û˿ϢֻżУͨѶ֮á
Ҷˮ鸮дˣÿһˮ鸮еɱ֮͸Ũһ֣ҶʵҲȥķӣʵ̫ܼˣܼŵĵطûС
Ҷˮ鸮йţˮ鸮ЩǿߣȴһսЩѲûұκһ֮ʱ벻ҶڸС
֪ȥ˶죬յϢˮڸ˻ֵǣǸȴûһͬˮԳ廹Ҫûֻ꣬ԼŮ̫ģǶҶ½ˮȥĵĺܡ
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ﶵߡ˸Ȧӣ豭˰ڲ裬üһ壬顱ؽһúõı豭ˤ÷顣
ͷ˴һۣɣȴʽεסȥ·ҲһŽѼֵǵ߷˳ȥǽϵȻҲһҳϴһڴϣˮ۾ߵߣΪӳҵģҰٱħŮɲǽġ˵⻰ʱȻŬģ˶ģȴƫƫװҲ
ͻȻ⴫Ǽְ
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ˮԴǸ˽Էųˮô
ĺеĺګګǡǶ˵֣ȴҲ˵ȥ
϶ˮͻȻһ˿˻ǵЦããǲǾ϶µģҽ첻һ£·£ǴˣҪʲô


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һӣڹ壬ĸͻȻһת֮˱ᣬ˻ǡ
ˮڵϺҴŹĺһۣͻȻһӣЩŮ˳ȥ
Щһȥһȫۼ׵˾Ϳ粽˽
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Լ˰ʱⷿˣûһٸˮüĿɱίʵ˵
ʱֻһͷĽʿͷɥ˽ϻʮι״ĺޣЩǿ߶ԶԶں棬ҽ
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ʿصּѽˮ鸮Բÿһˮ򶼷˹ʵҲǸӰӡ
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ϽɫУŸ߸ϵĮûҶУһ죬ͷΣ쭶𣬴ִβɨǳѪҲҶǰ
ȻСүҶĿֻóƵ߸߾ӭѪڣһƣ
ƻΪһӰβȥ
еˮѸٵıֿ

̺Ķƣһֱߵͷ­ϣͳײһβ֮ϣҶȥҲߵԴ׹β˿ȥͷȴ׹һ£̧ס
ŭҶ
Ҷһѱˮֱݶ
һķ̫ǿˣСүһأʯɽһ룬ߵƤȻһ˺۶ûУҽԴ΢´жСүһ֮˼顣ҶԼʵ
Ϊ֪ԼʵӸоߵĿֲ
߾ȻǴˮ֮УѵרػˮġҶڼٳϷɴܵͬʱɿ˻еˮһ²ؼģ
ҶԽ϶߶Լ̸ǻᣬ͵͵ˣ뵽ҶĵҲ𾪵ĺܣԼǴռ䣬ˮôȡϵġ
Ѿͷ治СԼҪʮ־źá
𣡡еϽǽɫͫ͵СŭغһҲҶˡ
һβһڣ㼱ٳϷδܹٶ֮죬Ҷ޼
ãҶʱˮϴɣϽߵʮɣ׷ֻҪֱӣʹ󳬹ʱҶﵽĸ߶ȡ
Ҷͷûüת꣬ͷһգ۹ʹܵԼǰ
䣡
ˮӿˮͰϸϺɫƬҶǰһֱӺҶϷаҶ·ȻֱֱҶµĳ·
ѲҶʱȫߵĳȣô޴壬ƬȻ᲻ɴݣͷ̫ǿ׻˵ĹߵǺޣޣ
һߣмʮ¥ߡ
˿ߵϽɫͫ׶Ҷһ磬Ӵ弱ƣʮɳӴҪҶ˸


911 
Ҷֻеǰһǰң򣬶ۡ
ѵͲԼˮôĪˮģҶһҧԽԽܣˮŮˣԳ֮
ҶȻаâһ콣֣һӿϵĽӿȥҿŭһҶе콣ݺݵǾϡ


ϽѪͻȻ
𣡡ʹŭһҶֱӿһ󶴣ŭ֮ʣҶȻһ߳ʱȻֱֱ׷˳ȥݺײԱߵɽϣɽ嶼ҵ
ɽڱ桰һʯ׷£ɽǹѿһѷ죬һ޷֮У治µʯˡ
ߣûõķʱһֱû˵ˮͻȻ߳ѱСĻˣ
Ҷˮһۣû˵һݣ϶͵سϷɴܣʱΪһӰǰȥ
ԼøϽ뿪ղŵĴսֻˮ鸮ĹᳯߵˣѡҶԼ䣬澡ƿ֮ûͷѾ֪ʱһ׷ˡ
ɾʱ𣡡ŭŭӵص´
ҶֻԼǰĵ£ʯѣһᣬһӰϸʯͻȻҶµµϽ߾Ȼֱ£趯ǳһμٴ˳
߿Ҷֱֱ˹ͻȻȻһѪ֮졭͡ɫ첿Ǻɫеĵط˲䶳ᣬҲһ
գ۹򣬴߹첿Ҷ׵Ŀռ䣬ȫˡ
ҶУֻ˾ͱ
䣬䡣ҶȫӿѪǿʢ£ŵֵµļ֮
߾ȻһУĺȻռ䶼ܶᡣ־УҶǺټԴʱŻУҺôʱˮԼϣʱûˮƣʱ鷳ˡ
ϾԼοռ֮УҪȥȻѣҲָֻûиŵǴʱЩһԼƳ֮ʣȫԼ˲ͻ
һˮҲͬ⣬ֲ˶ʵİϷû뵽ؼʱ̣ʻѵá
ȳȥ˵潫ԼΧסĻӰҶҲ֪ˮ鸮˶ǿΧԼڽͬʱ˫ȭҲݺݵⶳռ䡣

ȭͷĺʹܵĿռ伫ٱѣȭͷֱӺһĿռ䣬ҶҲΪ񾳽еСˡ
𣡡߿ҶĿռһһˣͻȻ͵سϳ壬Ѫٴһţ֣ҶƺһΣҶôٴεóѡ
䣡
һ죬ĿռƬҶΪģ˷䣬׷ӦЩƬ֮ʣҶ𣬼Χ˳ȥһɽ֮ϡ
ԹԣòôǿɡҶ̧ͷ΢΢ɨһۣһɹǿϢЩ׷дͷԼߣҶ˿⣬ֳ콣ڿն
𣡡ǴӴ͵شһھҧԾڰеҶ
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ʱΧ̫࣬ȵˣҶȴһţקסˮ䵱ƣӭӭЩ׷ͶˣԴ£ǲº֡
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Ҷˮۣ̬֬͹£ѾͷĻ治Ǹǵģ뵽ףסˮʺڿֱϡ
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Щ׷ԣȫޣʱˮ鸮ȫ׷׸ϵѹѹҶΧס¶ŭ֮ɫ
ˮ˶񣬰ֵСҪģȻóĵֶΣǰô㣬Ҫǹ֣ͿԼʵȥ
ҶЦõģСү˿̱ҪɵӰļͲҪˣǶʱȥ


912 ػ
ˮЦҲǴˣǶˣһܻȫ޷ֱ汳Ҳ˵ˣһΪұ𣬶Ҫ⽴
ҶüҺû˵ҪɱɣȥҰȫ뿪ұ㲻
ˮĿֱۣЦƭСǴҽƭôңжǺңҴ˿䵽㻹һ𣿡
Ҷ֪۶࣬ˣϲƣ룬˵ôɣȥˮ鸮󴦣ֻҪұ㡣
ˮһĵô֪ˮ鸮󣿡ȴ֪Ҷǽ۹󣬲Ⱪ纣ģҶһֱΪֻҪǰһ֯Ӧ
ȴ֪͵ľ룬Ҳжгģʱһ֪ˮȴֻ֪ЩѣŪãˮ֮С
ˮһתһŵͷ֮⣬ҲûбķӣãҴӦ㣬Ҿ˵ǱвȣƲѡ
ҶֺֺЦЦСѾͷƬӣ£㻹ôƭҲš
ˮЦԵĿһֵֻģɼסˡҶĵ֣ʲôΪֻЦЦ⡣
ˮ׷߷׷׺˰ٶɣҶĺ档
ʱˮЩһôԶ㲻Ұôɣ
ҶЦЦͻȻһˮ˫סϵ˼£ˮŭʲô
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ˮҶ޳ľٶŪһü΢һ
ҶȴǲܣЦھȥ뷿ԿԺι۲ιۡˮ޷ֻ·֮ǰڷƿţ˱ǣڣǰЩˮһĶѻȻһ£Ļ޲ݻǶԡ
ҶΰһȻͷЦЩӰӣǻߣСүɶӲˡ
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ҶأܱЩһһԣʱʱҵĺá
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ķġҶЦҪأҪƨûƨɣҾЩɰŮҲģֳƢֻϲŹ֡
ˮĻסˮС㣬ݷ𣬹ݵأǧҪҪȻңҡ
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ҶЦ˫£סϵڴ֮Ϻ󣬲Цǰ໨ûԹһԣ
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ˮɫɷ׵ңһŹģ㲻ܡû˵꣬ۼҶҪͷʼŻһһֱڶգݺһڿҶϡ
ҶĨɣüСѾͷôô˲֪Ϊڿˡ˵һ¡
ˮŭôҲ˯ϣ
ҶȻˣҵķ²˯ɡ
ˮ񣬴åС˰ΣͻȻҶһֻ۱ţһֻȴԼӺò֣ʵʲô
Ҷֻ򿪵۾գһ£Цڤ룬ˣ°ˡ˵սֻһգˮһҶڤȥˡ
ȴߣҶԽԽǾһһֱҶҲ֪˶ãֱ۾Ժˣ˯ҡͷ֮ʱ
ҶͻȻ۾˸Цෳȥȥ
ˮԺСšһعȴҶȣĴڤָеľͻȻߵֻϺ꣬
Ϻ꣬С꣬СϺ꣬ȻҪЩͷҶٺһЦ߳һ̣ǰ͸ʱеȥ˭һƣˮǸ
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·ֻ꣬۾ӣоɫ꣬ˮãôˣ㻹ԼɲǺãҪõ֪ˣ㡭
ˮϹôûƼˡδ˵꣬ҶһŲڽűˮʹ죬ҶֲòĿڣˮɵ㶵ģϽ߿ͲߵǸľͷʲô硣
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ˮƳһۣʲôЦ˵ľͷˣ㻹Цó
ҶЦǰɵΪľͷҵˣҪΪһˣҵ鷳ɾʹˣһ񣬵ΪԹԣǿ治Ǵġ
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ˮһû˵һ̣ˮۡԺˮȡһƣҪȥ󴦣ǽŴ򿪡ƣæƿһʯš
ʯźһƳˮҶľͷ˵˵ӳˮ鸮ҲӲ纣ΪˮԳ纣ͨ㣬ӵһΣҲӲ˵ڶΡ˵תȥƿһʯš
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뵽ҶͻȻܿһۣüëһƵˮȷҵ⸽ĽҶĵһ˿ɻ
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滨ĻӡҶЩĵǵʱ˺ƤԴҶûкô
ˮЦִ٣һб˼ô
Ҷû˵ˮһͬҵĵطⰵУһܣռ˰ǽڣˮߵԣһİťһһһԿ
¶һŵͨ
ôʲôҶЦ
ˮȴͷ˶֪ڣˮ鸮Щµļһһ˭£޼ɵ˵ţţһĺڵͨ
ҶˮУɾҶѾа֮ͨڵʱˮһҧͻȻѸٵĴһʯڣֻʯϹâһ¶һ˸ߵͨˮһУǵžرա
ӴܽţŹرգգۼɣҪʱνȥ治Ǽ׵飬ˮȴĽȥˣȻһܶΣԲŻô
ûע⵽һ˲䣬ҶͲӰ
һʯڵСڣˮ΢һС棬㻹ԶˣߣߣˡˮЦС¶˵Цݡ
Цݻûɢסˣ¶·˹ı飬ǰȹҪɶһЦŵˮ޲һƹϡá
Ȼͷȴĸ֮жֻҶ΢΢üͷ׽ԲôţҲ⣬ҪҪһΣҶǲ̾ڣ˭Ҳ׷١
ȹųһ˲䣬ˮһͬģֻˮ˷֮Уûзˡ
㡭ˮҪ˵ɡ㡯˺þãȴܵ٣ʵڡ㡯һ֣һᣬǿԼ侲¶һ˿Цݵ벻
꣬ӭģҶĿ⣬ԼƽǰòҪˣСһΣҲ֤Ҳִݻ
ͻȻ֮Ҷˮĵһս
ĸɫˣǴġݵġġײеġԵġթġ٣ͻȻоЩǰһȣͬצĳһЦ


913 鵤
̧ͷҶĮףˮͻȻ˭˵滨ˣͨһߣ
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ڳĬУǰһС·ǰ΢⣬ͬʱӿ˽Ų߽һСĶС
˶ʮɿ㣬ϣ鲼ߴСԲ׶״ңıڰ׹עأȴڶĴһʮɴСıˮ̶
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Ҷ£ЩȻͬˮ̶
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һᣬֻԭƽˮ̶棬Ȼˮ̶ˮתԽԽ죬γһ޴УĴ֮
û뵽̶סҶĻЩȵûˮ鸮˴·ָǱҲҳ
֪ͺãڸĽֻˮ鸮ϵӵܵѪܼǿƽֻ»׵ˡˮһ߿Ҷһߴ˵
һȣһѪ֮У̶ˮһ¸ɵȻֿһʯ̶̨𣬳Ҷǰ
ˮ˵Ϊһ׹䵽ʯ̨֮ϡ
Ҷ΢ԥһ£ҲΪ׺磬ȥ
ʯ̨ʮɴ󣬳ԲΣ滹ʪģ޴ʯذ壬⻬쳣мʯϣ˸ָķţЩ̵棬˸Ѫɫĸֶ
֪ΪΣһЩϵĹҶͻȻЩľдвʱ䣡һʯ̨͵һ
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ҹʲôϣҶĿһƳѿһΪҲ񾳽磬Ҳ⣬ŵֺһ콣֣ǿУ콣һϡ
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ٶȲҶǺޣ漴ֽһ
콣ת
һǿĽͨ콣ͷϣֻǵһ׷˳ȥһˤһʯ֮£ѪȾǸɺԵĵ档
ⲢûҪֻһಣһԾУҶ
Ҷ콣ббָԶ㣬ЩʯɣͻȻһһʯڣȻУʯڶ
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ΪʲôԣҶЦЦ¶˼һʹ˵طô֣Ǻõġ
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˵һߣһߣ浱㲻ɣˮһӻľʯڼС
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䳰ȷأҲδ̫СĹͷɣŮӵ˵ͳĴԣ÷ǳܹ˵ĳ룬ǻǷǵġ
Ҷɫ˿δһһ֣ڴĻֱնȥڸ߿б˿Ȼŵ˵ٹһˮԳĻþݹҷˡ
ԭҶˮԴǸһ֮ʣˮԳ׷ߣʼҶΪˮ壬ɵˮ֮ı֤ʱҶŲòһɺϡ
Ҳ̫ˣͣȻֱ͵ˮԳѲУҺǶѲûʲôǿߣҶɱ˼ͷˮԳ
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˭֪仰ո˵꣬ˮлڵΪβɱңʡɹģ
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ô˵ͨͳĵطģˮ鸮׷׷㣬Ⱪ纣ôִӺ֣˵ЩҲˣֻˮԳ㣬ûˮ鸮˲Сˮһ˿˵
ֵĵطҶüȻˮԳļһﶼҵңΪʲôˮ鸮Ҳˣ
ˮ鸮ЩһûҪСǸҳ׷ˮĿﲨתһ˿̽ĵ˵ôֻҪңҿԷģֹˮ鸮ı
ҲǲУиҶˮƵ˵
ԣˮһϲæʲô
ˮ鵤Ҷһ˵˫ָ˴
һˮɫৡһ±ҿ㻹ǻˣˮ鵤¹شҲ
ģҲҪֻܶ࣬Ҫˮ鵤ҶŮ飬΢΢һЦ˵
ֻҪϵģˮһ¶һ˿ЦݣɫȻĿл¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ҶֱƲѣ֪Ѿͷ뵽ʲôˣҸɶǣȻǵ棬¶ıЦ
ʲôҶһӦֱ֪ܷ鵤ģüٵƭңӦò˵ҲӦ֪
ֹǺƣģҾ滨ܺãˮˣҪˮ鸮ˮ鵤ļһﲻֹ֪ˮ鵤ɵСĵ㡣ˮ΢΢һת󣬺ΪҶһһ֦ĽЦ
ҶһЦû˵ʲô
ɵñܺˡˮЦ˵һ䣬ƿֱ׸Ҷ
㵹ͦϵģҶֽӹƿҲûֱӶ˿ռеģЦЦ
ҶΪˮĿһ˿ɫֹ˵ЦˣˣСŮܲЩôһᣬֵˮ鵤֪ˮ鵤ĹЧʲô𣿡
Ҷһ治֪ȴûпѯʣΪʱˮǹڵθڣˣˮԸҲһ˵
ôͲҡˮƺҶ˼ңȻҲᣬֹʣҾ˵һˣͻġ
⻰Ҷ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ֪ˮǲܸ鵤ĹЧˣתһ룬ȻʧЦ˵Լұȥô
ƺˮҲûʲôˣҲӦ뿪ˡ
뵽Ҷ˵ڷ㣬ҲǵԼ˵ʲô


914 ȡ
Ǻǣģˮ鸮Բ׷ġˮ⻰ҶȻһЦʱݹˣⰻȻ
Ǿͺã»ҪһˡҶɫ˵һ䣬Ȼ󲻵ȶԷ˵ЩʲôͺɵĻΪһɶݶȥû˿֮⡣
ˮҶԶȥĶݹ⣬¶һ˿Ź֮ɫ֮ͻȻԶȥҶˮ鵤ĹЧ괴˵ġ䣬Ҷѵܳһ˿֮ɫˮ°䣬ȴҶֱӴӿеȥ
ֻˮֻˮ鵤ȴһһ٣ϣ˱С㣬˭ҲܽǷֱǺǣʹҵʱ򣬿ɵע⣬ǿŶ
⻰ֱ˵ҶѪڣعͷ뽫󻹺ݺ˰ѵˮѵһ٣ɿ˰Σҡҡͷǰȥ
ʱˮ̫ԶȻ˵ĻһаգԼѲסˣǾ䣬ȴҶŰɣɾԺϵ˺
ѡȡˮ鵤֮ʱҲΪˣˮ˵Ǽٻã˵滰Լһöٵˮ鵤ֻжСΣա
ž鵤ȴһֱһ٣ǹƵģȱ£ҲֻˮֹѾͷĳ
ߣñСôͷƣǱС硣ˮҶԶȥıӰ˵˻ͲٳɵؽϹһţסǾ˵ݡ
ҲΪһŹâˮ鸮ȥ
ˮֿҶһɳǧһεĺ׾ң
κҶĵˮ͸ƿ˳Ȼ˼飬ÿֻƿȻһӲӵĵҩȻζЩ̱ǣҩ̺ǿܸܵһġ
ˮȴ˵鵤һֱһ٣Ҷϸϸʶ̽˰죬ȴֲ٣鵤С״ɫһģһ̺ϢҲһ޶Ҷηֱˡ
鵤ģˮѾͷϷŪԼȴʼֻǻɣȴȷϾˮѾͷԸʲô£ûиݿѰġ
ˮȻֻ˵ˡһһ١ĸ֣ĸȴʱҶ֪Ѿͷ˵ֶλ治ǸǵģڵĸоǺܼۣϧȴ˶֭ͽκΣ
ƵĽ鵤·ƿУҺôʱһֻĴܣûеҪԷ۵ʱ򣬲ȻҪʹؿˣ鵤ȴã˭Ķ֮
һ֮£ֽƿ׽УԺʱúоһ
ˮ鵤ֱܷ磬Ҷ͵ĽǸȡ˳ӱˮԳôصĵط㡢ˮᵽҶȲؿеر
ûãҶȴѪظо
ƾþְ취ӵĸȴͬΪһ棬޷һ˿϶
ܿעͬ߳ŭøֱӺ档
ȶ½⣬һ˿ӡ
ҶĶˣ鵤ֱܷ磬ȫûаְ취
ʵҶЩܲء
һʲôǿ߲˷ӡֻӡЩ죬֪ӡַǾƲˣƿˣĶҲһͬٻ
뵽ҶӿʼתǰϺѧԺϹŷӡַһһϵķӡ֪˶á
Ҷıʱüͷ壬ʱʱֶԼǰĽƸֱͻȻһϲһϹŷӡϵķӡơ
ַӡǷ䡣
νġ䡱ʵǹרŷӡ׸һǿɲ˶ʹõģΪҪһ̷ǳӣҼѡ
ֺķӡ֮ͨ;Żʹõ
һΪ˷ӡĳϡ֮ıֱļֵһǷ˲Żû˴ֱʡ
һѹĳЩĹħҲõ䣬ԷǱ仯
;һֶĶǷͬСɡ
Ҷϣװ鵤챦ӡһ̬Ĺħһųǻ˵á
ҲףӡħĿԷǳ֮ССܵĵزҲûʲôõĵģȫòĴӺħɡ
ھȻ֪沼ǡ䡱Ͳ½ⲻˣٴϵķӡۺȻҶ¶ϲ֮ɫҲðʧĴ
ĬȻ˺ðҶջǿЦһ૵£Щͷʹ˴Ĺûвĵɣ
Ҷ΢΢ҧҧһһضĹȻȥ
顱һδ䵽ϣбѿΪ㣬ɢڽ֮ϡ


915 ı
ʱһƵָ˽ӵΧ
˹ֽӲӣСϹ֣һֱӿֶͬһŶ鲼֮ϡ
Ҷɫ΢־Ϲ鼮пԲδ¶Ծ֮ɫ
˫һֻӰںһ𣬽ǲҲЩֵںϣ䱡֪˶ãֱҶǲеں֮ʱȻӱˣȴҫ۴Ŀˡ
ϵִ˿ҲʼСϸһɫĵֱڱתͣԵȻ쳣
ЩҶǲŲʣרǵһȴָӵں϶ÿһںϣýɫ΢΢һ
ʱҶɫЩ԰ףҪƽַӡҲǳĺܡ
Ҳѹ֣˭ͣϧ͸֧Ԫʹеںϣģд⡰ӡ䡱̬ҶΪ˵õĶҲνʹ˳̵
ȻҶЩԪ𣬵ɫҲ;ƿ֮ʱʱܱһ㣬ап಻Ҷҧļ
һᣬһ󡰺¡¡ıУҶϲ֮֮
䣬ϣıɲҪ׷СүһѪֻԭϥŵҶһվһϲĿԼǰǸӡ
谭ܴǸӵĽɫ֣˿̵Ȼ޴棬΢΢˸ķ䣬ҲɲǼ
Ҷ߹ȥСӵĸ˿ʱһĻĿĲʹ⣬еĶԼͬĳ¶ҶС
Ҷֻ΢΢ɨһ£ҲһʱȻʱ鿴ˡ
һǰıһƯӰ֮УɢŵԵӥצ
ʲôҶ΢΢£ӥצϵϢĸоޱȣ׾ܻƿռ䣬Ҷ˿ĭɰͰ͵
Ǵ˿̣һˣȻҲû˻ش
Ȼһʱ֮䣬Ҷ֪Ǽʲôʹܷһ㣬Ϳ֪
ֹӥצҶɲΣ˭֪ûвʲôƣʹֵı˲ҷǿ޶ûطȥˡ
ųʶСĵһ챦ֱûʲôӦȷûʲôƺŷĵ֣Ǽӥצ͵챦ȡϸ
ӥצͨӲӵģŵӫ⣬ӥצϿŵЩӻƼӡĹǸϹ֮棬ҶûиӦʲôѰ̺֮Ҳ̫ߡ
룬ָһ󣬲еĽʵأЩдӲ·ĳľƣһͳעЩȥ
֮һӴӥצڲڵŵҶϽжͣʧˡ
ʱҶӥצ˱仯צ˸Ĺ⣬ĳ̶Ҷ˿ɣⶫ׵˺ƿռ䡣
Ҷעһ˲䣬ضݡ֣ͻȻԺУ˿֪峤ĿҪȥˮԳȡض챦
ҶȻǳŪʹ÷˿Բʱ򣬶ҸոճضݿͷҲٺҳԣһᣬͽضСĵսС
ǰģһɫʮּܣûҶʮּķǳƣΨһ֮ͬϣ̻ͼ
Ҷõе˲䣬Ӧþǿ˵ԿˣֻԿϿȥʵͨĺܣûûɫ䶯ʲôûУһͨʮּܲࡣ
ʵƲҶҲֻýӵ
֪;Կպú󣬽һɨҶͻȻԾضеĳһȻ֮ɫ
ֻӵײȻֳһԲһСС
Բи»ɬķƮΧа˿鵭ɫƽЩֵ֣ǣԲһСɫĶƯһ
Ҷϸ֮£ͻȻЦһСɫĶȻⱩ纣Ѱһ㲻ˣΪԲıǩ
ǸССǩҶϵЦŨˣȻȷģȻӻм챦Ҳû˼ȥƷϾ˿ˮԳ嶼Ҫͨ
ڻǸϽɶ٣ﵽ񾳽ΪһⱩ纣ϣľʹߣ˱ˣڶ֮ʱҪһԻ
һᣬҶͻȻȡضݣ¶һ˿ᣬ૵취ȥģ˿̣Ҳֻȥ壬ܾܽ
һ˾ҶͲٳɣİѽĶٰһѻپ΢һЩֱӣ
Ҳڴ˶ֱڿնشҴҵķɱȥʱղҹҹɫһֱ˴ҹֻʱ·̺󣬲΢ЪϢƬ̣ȵҹɫŨˮȻ徳ڡ
һ·ǱУǰ壬һʱ䣬ķųʶϸ̽Σ֪֪Ǳ壬ͬǱԼļһ㡣
帹غҶͳ´ȥһ·ȻĵϵӵܣҶǰƣЩϵӵܶҶǼĿ䳤ϣ޲ʩ
⵹ҶЦһһӦЩɵñһ߼ٳ´ȥΪ˿Ŀһ´ĳ
ʵҲҶϣ´ʱڣٿһܵᣬҶĵ˭Ҳûȥע⣬ֻǰλĳϡ
дȨĹºͳϣ㼯ڴ˷ţϵĿĽĿ࣬վһλˮԳӵܣΪҲǿҶˮԳѵ׷Լ׷ô
뵽ܣЩùˡ
ˮԳǳź񣬲Ըʮ壬һԸԿϢǹԿʲôĸλΨһҪ󣬾ǱϴǸཻǡĿȻ󣬵ÿ˵Ķȴޱȣڶ˵һ
Ŀĵһ˶׷
˵ЩˮԳĻô
ֻҪǽһ࣬͸ôĺôЩܰɣ
Щûʲô˿ǸͲˣĺôҲǲܽ
ȻЩȨŴϢ
ˣ˭ʲôһһˣզզĳɺͳĿˣɫһ˵
˻һԭЩµĴʱ˵Ŀ⣬ں췢׵һλˡ
Ŀ㽫οķһüɫ΢˵㣬ңˮ鸮ǸˮѾͷƱǣô£
ǵģ㲻ҵæܷ˵⣬˵֮£
УȻԣʲô֮ᣡ֪޲ԡĿ֣صı֤
ĿⷬŵͷȻȻʵȣǸ࣬Ǻαĺ̨˭纣ĿʲôȻˮԳʲô£ˮԳ֮ѲЩ⣬ǰ붼ҪŪĿʶǹؼ֮ϲ¶ͬɫȻҲǱ纣İУЩ˵ǣǵģҹ˵Щ⣬ȷҪһ
ⷬһ꣬һϾֵǸΪʲô纣µܲµһһǿ׷ɱǰ纣ѵģҶ֪纣ߵ԰Ǹܱ֮Ҫǰ纣ѰЩʲôΪ纣鱦ǧٹ֣֮磬֪ḻ˶ٱ
˵Ŀ΢΢֣ǳ
㳤֮еԴһν壬ҾӵܸļϵǱߵĻϢȴǺǴƾճֵһ㣬ԴˣҲǿáĿ˵Цһ£ȻҶݴΡ
ʵǸ࣬ǶҲһֱǼһȴһǳѲˣҪ⣬ֻ¡΢Ц˵˾ѰζĻͲˡ
㣬⻰ʲô˼һλİߣЩסĿʵ
ûʲôҵĸ˵뷨ѣǴɲطϡҡҡ֣˵
ߣ˸ӣЩŭصһۣĿǰҲֻ㬵ԭλ
ŶǵȻҿɲϸĸ뷨ĿȴȤһ˿ɫ
Ҫ㵱Ȼ棬ˣæһ˵
ɾʱȻ䣬ֻ⴫ઽŲ⼱٣˷׷תͷȥֻһУһؼ㣬ûţʹеãˡ
ҶһæͷʱϳԼ˭ҲûһֱֱۣĿ㱼˹ȥķʲôе顣
ǽӽĿ㣬ĿֽӹҿӣƼЩŮЦǾĻױأţۡһڣŽ¸Ǻá
ٴнӹؼ㣬ɵּһƣ΢䣬ãŽؼݸ
΢΢һӹؼ㣬ңѰκСӲڣڰ֮̾ʣ㣬лϲ֮ȥڻ굺澴ϡԽɫԽǲ԰ף
Ŀü⼫˭
㶨һ˵ŹЩ顣
ĿЩ飿˰ΣüҵļУûмﰡ
Էһźţʮǰʵбڡ


916 ʯ
ԭǱǸ쵰һССĽ飬ΪҪ°ߣĿ°ߣȴȥȣӾָ˭
˵ڴ⣬Уӵӵܣ޼ѵ֪Сڵ顭˵ɤһ£˵ȥ
ԭɣҪֻȡڵ飬ûбҪʲôţָգǰȥӪȡһЦ˵ϴνȥü涢ˡҪϴδǸڵüȡˣμģΪ˵Ǹ࣬ϴ뼫֮ʱüϴһ˵ġӡָǸɡ
ţҲһҪϢǾǸ࣬ȻֻǸ񾳽࣬ȴǿ߳ԱʵļơԽԾ
ʧôܣ
Ŀ΢΢ЩĿһ۵ôô࣬ǲϴһͬȥ£ϵ֪˲Ϣ˵˲ٿͷ
Ŀһ˿֮ɫЦЩ˽Ǹ࣬ʵҶ˲ʵԶͬڣԸթ쳣ÿÿ£˷ʤ˵ͣһᣬŵʵʵ˱үУ
ԵУһ΢΢Щɵˣôˣ
ɨһ۲ŵˮ鸮ˮСˡ˵˴˶ͶĻɵдŭȵǲôҪҪ汾үȥˮ鸮һ⡣
飬Ŀɫһݶﶼ岮ǰ˵Σ
Ŀߺ޵мѵҲ˵滰㡭ǡգͻȻһתҧгݵãھȥˮ鸮ǹָǴͻȻ䣬ⱼȥҲ˺˵ĺ
ֻǡ֡ڱ˶УܻûʲôɴʱҶУ޲ʱɵñ׵趼ϲ
ִֻʱֳʵ̫ʺˣֻɨһۣ˼
ĿŴüıӰ̾Ϣһŵóϣǿ߾رԷ¼ٶȷͨʤϣ˳ʱȥڻ굺̽켫ʵ㣬ǿн䱸ߣټǿߣüϡ
˻ȥĿҪת
æ˴Ͳ¼˺Ʊ
Ŀɫ΢䣬ͻȻ˺һҾһ֪Ϊﵽ񾳽磬Ⱪ纣ҲǿΪΪġ
԰գ̧ȥ˭֪ͻȻǰǰ档
ؽеһ⣬Ը׵ľȳС㣬һǱȽϰȫһ֡
ĿͣŶһбʲô취
Ҿ˵ǲģȻҪǸҶȥС㣬ҾûǸҶȥΪĿԽԽɫͻȻ˵룬ΪʲôһҪҶȥС㣬˵ҶŲɻĳޣ룬˵滰Ҷ汻סˣѪͿС㣬ǴҶ뿴
Ŀüͷ壬˵Ҳ޵Ҷûסֻ˼ҸƭˣʱȲþҪںһ
ã˵ֵûбƷһʱڱ纣ĳңֻҪǷЩТС㱻ץסϢɢȥҸͷǸҶ࣬ǰȥӪȡΣУ͸¶һ˿ţ˿ţⷬˣȻ˿Ҳ˲𷴿ͷ
һˮƱǣŹ˵ǻ֮
е㲻ܰɣǸȥˣǾһɵ£Ǵһˣǲܻȥģ㾹ȻͷȥĿһ㶣
֪һЦɱҿƳıʲô˵ȴĴһʱ֮䣬ֻ첻ͣĶţȴһ˿ţ֮ĿĻ˼֮ɫȻþ˵ȥ죬ֻҪǸ˺ڻ굺ķΧǾȻý
У⻰ͻȻɫһ䣬æǲȥһֹȥ˵վĿߵλˮԳʹһָۣ
ջĿ⣬ŵ֮Ըұ֤ǸȥС㣬Ϊѳ˽⵽飬СĽ飬СѣǾԲӲܣ֡ӲܡҲģǾԼܵв֮£Żȥвֲˡ
Ŀ΢΢ŵ˵ҶƾһˣܴӼоȳ
ţȻΪְ취ܴӼУС㰲ȫľȳȻĿ˵ԵĻֽ˵ܶ˵ĻĻɣҲܻΪǸȲңȴҪĳ̶ֳϣӦұȲǸŶԡ
ñ纣һǻȲһࣿĿ㾪㲻Լôû˰ɣ
ⲻ⣬һʵ쳣صȻֻڰıȶ˼ǶȴʧܶգЩǸڰĽеģû֪
ãȻǸܵõʶҾ͸һᣬϣ㲻Ҫ̫߿Ǹ࣬ҶźĿĿһ۷Ը˽ڻ굺ԲڵǿţƬ򡣡
һֱվûпˮԳʹߵȥ峤Щڼ䣬ˮԳɢ׷ߣڣˮԳˣŮɹգҿԴӦӴǷˮԳһ顣
ãһ󣬾һԣλˮԳʹߣ΢΢һæӦ
ǾȥԣһҪҵľˮԳԵʣи̣ˮԳ˺ƤĿȻԼλŮ簮ޱȣŻ˵Ļ
ǣһһλˮԳʹӦһȰ峤׷ߵģ԰գ亹Ǳȥˡ
ĿɨˮԳʹߵıӰһۣһû˵ʲô
İɣˮԳӻǻģһǸȳСûʲôˣǰοһȻͺõĳһ˳ȥ
ĿۿԼ۰ŮץߣҶһˣﻹЩģŲ˼ķһԷֹ֣üʱӦԡ
ʱһӰ徳֮УҶűӣпƵ˺ԼҪ˽Ҷ׼СүȥСүƫƫȥôȥĿ㽻
Ҷ΢΢һǱȥȻĲȥڻ굺ˡ
ʱȴ룬¶˵УҶǻҶôҶ£Ǵϣñ֮͸Ҳ֮ţҶıԡ
в뼫оģת㳯෴ķߣɲϲ߳ʮͻȻ䣬ȴǸ˵һĿԵ龰
ʱо綾԰ѩۺڶ񣬵ȴʼЦ˿䲡Цݼ¶˵Ķˡ
Ҷһ̶ʹսթֻܿ˶ãֶȥֻ´ӽҲЦˣ뵽˴ĳӿһתʲôļƣСүԶΪʲôʲô˵ơ
ɾʱһӰͻȻҶ˹ڵֹӣһȣϸͻȻҶ
Ҷһͷȥɲ㡣
ʱѩ׵ӰӣӺڰ͹ֳҶһۣһԾҶ԰գ·ѭͨõϺʮǹ˯
㣬ⶼɵġҶȵͲĿŭô
ҶһָۣᡰꡱһȻǰָȥҶ˳ָ÷ȥҹɫޣԶʱкӰղŽ֮ʱ֪˶ٱ
һһĶͷǡǡ
ҶȻԼҪȥȺڻ굺ɴʱڻ굺ﶼ֪ҶγѣҪȥС㣿ͷ΢΢Щ졣
̤õĵһҾע⵽ˣȻΪλڴ֮ϣΪ˵ôĻӹâʢٿһԾһ֮ϡ
ҶȻĺ棬չ£ȣߵûϢҶһ棬΢
ɾҪԾһʱݣһ֧ӺϮҶʼ֪ѶˣָһһĹⳤҷβɼˡ
д̿ͣһУæ
ٱ¶Сĸϣ㶸Ȼۻأֻһݣѷ֮⡣
̿ͣд̿͡˷
ͻȻֱ򡢷еȹ糴óһһ裬ֻ죬йƱ伱Ҳ켣˻ȥ
̼䣬ƻͨƬյ磬ĺӰӵ˹ȴ֮УӰһʧããڰ֮С
Ҷ徳۷ɱһȫ֮ҶͻȻоһϮһ飬˫ϥһڵϡ
㣬㡭Ҷоʹҽһң˭֪Ҷ˻һ꣬Ȼ䣬гֳһͼĿ⾪ֱ֣ͦͦһ֮ϡ
ܣ̶Цףͷѣ֪ģҶˣηٺ£ЩͻȻ֮Ҳ֪⡣
΢΢Щ˼Ǻһ£ҶĻᣬǺٵģԴ˿̿Ҳһ
ʱףתȥɳ۶һ˺Žǹŭݣ㣬ʱ˿ҶôҲ벻ͨҶδˮġ


917 ֮ı
ͻȻҶ㶼һȻ÷վסӭĵ
㡣ĺҶɫ죺ôӳˮ鸮ģ
תؽеС𣿡
Цϻôȣ俴飬㾹Ȼű췴ɣ
ȴ˿̲˵ЩʱСʱѷǳΣǱϸȥ
ѵȵô
ҶЦû㣬Ͳȥ𣿡
ɫһ䣬عЦõúܣȥôеλֵȥҰ𣿡
Цµģɻȥ
ֻһۣҵԸƴҲǸȳС㡣
áȵǵ˽ҷ£ȳ㣡԰գҶ˼Զ
ͻȻЦǣԺ󱩷纣һ˵ĳƺţĪĿˣξ£һ֣סҶ񱼶ȥ
ͣеⲻѣһ֣£ȥ
պһˣһԲСΨһɫǺڣʲôǺڣǺǺڻǺڲݣɫĵ죬Ҫ纣ټ
һϣһƬȥһǰֳ˿֮˿֮ŮЦƮҶа˵ܡ
һĵ죬ʲôҲûСߵһλǿɻôѡһط
ѡʲôطȥ˵ʱ»أҹŨīɺ￴ȥӵɭֲ
һľ¥ǰʱͷҶһۣŻͷȽȥ鿴һ£˭Υ㿳ԴһЩԥǰ
Ҷüͷһ壬ǲҪֿĺãһȥɣ˵գҲɫǰȥ¥ƿ¥ţֻ¥ھˣ̽壬Ů£°ڣ֣㽻ߣ֮Ŀɿڴ
ǻþҶͻȻһȣԺ֮УΨû޼ԣ΢΢һع̧ǰȥʱʱ˿ǰǻɫ֮
¥һ˹ʯ¥ڣʲôҲûˣʯҲЩͣǰţҲһߣʯʯףһȫΨп⣬˸ȥڤʯ
ɾʱǹкһͻȻɫķ֮
ɫ䣬ȵ󣡡˻һΪΪǿߣһͦҪݳâһ¥΢ӹһ죬׹أ΢΢һͷвǰľ޶˶ˡ
ٿ䣬ӾвƬӱŹ˿ƣбб䣬Ѫǰӿ
硣ʣ¶ǿС
ʯֲ֪ʱһ߳ĺڵһվ˸źıʯҲԵ͸壺ȻǰĿ˲ͷ˰ɡһƮͻȻƾմɢܣ˲λ
ֻʯųҶһ˹ÿһ¥Ҫһ£ǿߣСסɸһܣ¶編Чת۱ӳԶ
һ磬ӹľ¥ǿһǰ󱼳Ĳشͷ裬ֳƬأǰڳ࣬͵Ѫǰ
ߣҩǿ벽ǿߣҲֻǱʥǿôһǰ㣬ûҵͷ˭ߡִдȴҶģֵֻСӣôܣϴξȻ棬֪һôԸô
ҶȴֻЦ
ȴЦʯʲֻСӣֻʣµģǸ࣬Ҷˣʱ磬滹Ҫµȥˡ
ʯĮȻ̤˹ȥг΢һâԳзǰâɼһ
ͻȻҲһʯ˹ȥ뵶ཻ쵶âֻ顱һ֮ʯɱһգִͬʱһʯֱۡ
ʱٴ£ֻĿʤѩգǰľＱãһ֮ʯͷ­ڵϷ˹Ĺµ
ľ¥һ󾲼ţҹප룬ޣ¥е㣬˫ӭҹ磬ĿԼĵҲų׹⡣
ǰСһҶűӣ΢΢Щ
еļͻȻЦƵҴˣξۣǴƮȴΨӰӡ
ҶüȵϲʲôѧȻѧڹ꣬ͷԣʲô£
С֣ûһŭȣϴСΪλôôӵأ龰ĮĮһ˲ת·ƮƮȻ֮ǰ


918 
ҶûͨԾĵ񾳽ı̬ȻǿܱģĹˣȴһȴƽ޲Ҳ֪ϻ쵰ôˡ
תȥȴǶ¶֮ɫҲΪûпżˣҶͻȻǴʲôһЩ
ԣ΢΢һһϹ˵׽ҽ㣬أ
浭Ȼ׽û׽ʲôɣ
ɫȻ϶壬֪ʲôô
˵һԣԣĿţĿ棬Ŀ֮һľæۣ֮ӡ
кȻæһȶһȣĿٿһֳ縺ǧ˫ƻƳһѩ̹⣬˹ȥ
ȻҶԱ֣һóһޱһꡱһȫһʱΪ촷ۣ⵹ʮ
ƺԼȫһ˲ü¶֮ɫѪŭһһȭμȴվԭضҲʱʱЦ
һȭڼĿڣһȭ壬޹֮ƣĿڷȭͷסˣһ֮˳ֱۼӿȫʹɵúȻɫ䣺ǡ
ħΪáЦħأҲӦúҲ˵ħһɣһҲΪˣٺ١
һɫ䣬Ȼ϶ҽħأҵŹġ˽֣˲֮£Ҷ㿴ȴ޲֮
˿̼㲻⣬ʧеס֣δ꣬ڿն;ͷ׷Ȼչǧ˿ɻһƬѩ׵ķͬʱ˹ȥ
ۻ˫ۣˣһ˦ͻȻһ磬Щתò׾ۺϵͻȻѩɢ졣
ڼһлٵʱҶӰ϶飬ͻȻ䵭䣬˼ı󣬻콣Ҳ룬һ϶һƳɫ䣬Ҳ˲㣬һӰȫޡ
ҶһգһʮɳĽâնľ¥һΪʱ΢ңҶһ䣬Ҫ¥⣬ȴͻЦôһС
˻һ꣬ҶֻһϮ䡱һ죬ѪȪ죬ȴƣ˳
һڣСӣӲʣһȻֻѪ£ܽ޼ӲˣֻҪʳѰˡ԰գһڵռ䶼ٿһ𣬷м¡
Ҷ㡢ͷѹһʯ㽻УҶȫӿ
õǵѪҶٺЦɱӣƾ㡭ٺ٣еѴʵ䲻㣬ȴ㣬Сүһ˲Ϲͷ׷ϡ
ôںڵüëһ¶һ˿Цʱ㲻ܵĻ
Ҷ̧ͷĹˣ֪ʱԲھһתķ羢룬һѿʲôˡ
ȴɫ΢䣬૵򣬲ã֮ˡâӹͻȻڿնɨӹ졣
Ҷδת綷ֹΨ㶨ڰ֮УӲȴܶ˿Ȼüڰ֮ǿߵ޴񾳽ֻ¸ˡ
У㾹Ȼһбƣʱ䣬ֻҽһӺĸ߸Ȼǣŵݺʱɫ԰ף˫Ŀɵϴ漡ϳ鴤ͷ˿˿һ㣬
һأλл᳢ԣһЦʱתʱѻعһĻʧɫæǰȥ
ӲãҶһȣˣָѴ֮壬ʱһ͸ָ룬˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ֻǡһɴһקһ˵ڵأɫɷף͸ſ־֮ɫбȥҶѵ
㻹δѾҶӺ޶˶ָֻ䵯һͬ˿˿ңң㣬ʮָָ˿ƣң̼䣬֯һشס˻
ʱ鴤⼫ʹ࣬ҶֱƮȻƵڵЩ֮ʱתվҶ֮һЦ
СӣܾȵǣҿԾȣһǲ
˿ҶȴǺ󼲷綸𣬶پʹϣ岽бȥֻһӰιͷһݣ֪ˣ֮䣬ԼȻ˼һҶŷʩչ
˭֪ͻȻҺһ㾡ȫ֮ʣֻһ飬ϹУԼĹȻܵƣһ˫߰
㾪СġҶͷҲأץס㣬ֵ
дϣУæƣҶһ֮ɫ˿ĭЦô㲻Լˣ
ҲǶҶ΢ţ
ҶЦһӿɲʲô˾ӣƽҲʲôԼ˲ԼˣбԼԹ֣һͣʲôɣƽޱ˵ң
ðǣŭҶģҴӡ
ҶЦңңĪ֡Ȼ˵ң䣬վʹ֪֣ݳǿͷɥڲ
ʱǰҶŲԹ𣬴ʱҶڽйˡ
޲ɫ֪ǳǳϷԼû֣ڲˣݺϱɱ¾ǧ򣬱Ǽ֮ʱԼˣӦﷴˣҲֵÿϷ
ҶͷҲǿģ벻͸ԵʣҶͻȻգ۾ɲǼ䣬ۿһȣͻȻ˹ȻУֱһѱҶ߬ס
ֻҶӵֶΣˣδңûҲ֪ñ˻ǷŭҪȴҶ߬š
ɫεı£ɱ㣬ҲǿϧɣֻҪɱˣȻЧڱ棬꣬ɻڴΪ纣һ
ɫ䣬ҶʱֻͷԼ͵ûҸҶŭҶи̣ҵὫʬΡ
ƨΪСүĿ㣡Ҷһڵϣ㰵һϲҪþŲӣ䲻Ҷһֻźշϡ
ŭ壬ȴֲҶãҶſۣЦ֣ٸŻСүһžͲŹͷ
нҶһٰʮ飬ȴˡȣŲ㡣
ҶһЦʧʧֺʹֵƤȳǽӲһŵߵҺࡣ
ⷬδ˵꣬ŭؿھʹ۵³һѪк޼ȴɫȥѪˣܿˣСƤԵʡ
һԿⳡϷ֮һţЦĿһӢ۰ԲһȴɸԸ¼Ĺӣ۵㡣
ҶҲͷЦϷҲˣҳҲʾˣǲӦҲʾ⡣
Ҫʾʲô⣿ЦһСӼթ޳ԣܻĹ
ôҶЦûѻ˵֮꣬һֶֺݵԣʹ뼫׷״ֻ΢΢֪ЩĻһ˿ɫڲҶı
˭֪ҶһۣһŲϣ֧֧У˭ö˵ЩʲôҶȻķԣЦȻʶʵ۹⣬Ժű桭˵Ƴһۣǳһܷӿ
ڼһ˲䣬һҶදֻǰӰһҶǿкһټǧƽٶȷӵ˼
֪ԾҲƭ˶ãڼǸҪݵĺˣ׹ʱԼർݵĿƣ¾Ҫˣ浽ʱ˶һ
ҶڶģܴӼֻҪʱܵƣž˺ͼ̸еʸˣͬǰ˵
ֻҪڼУǲֻҪ뼫ӲаգһܰסԼС·ðˡ
ڼҶԣɢȥһ˲䣬Ҷǲڿգű콣ȫһǰжٿػӰһʱ
쵰ָ֣ϷŪ棡һļıѸƣŭһſҶ֮շ׷׸ƣɴ˿ɼѶŭ
һɵñϷŪ㣬СүϷŪ˭ҶһץȥոճԹͷʱȻѾȻҶֻΪ˾ǣҶԹޣ˿޼
֪һץסԼƱҪԶǷһ֮ˣԼԺɲѰˣ½ҶץƾȥٺˣȻڿնѶȥ
ҶһĻǲ֪뷨Цһ㲻Юһȥ;У˼һۣЦټˣ
ӰλӰȻٶȱֹ˰ٱԼԸ񣬸׷Ҷ㶨ȻһΪȻȫʩΪȥ׷ҶҪ׷㣬ȴ׵ĺܡ
ҶģҲģԼҲģʵڲԸǷҶ飬˭֪Ƕģϲȴ롣
Ȼ䣬ֻȻҶһһͷ˹ȥһĻȴʹɫ䣬Ȼͣ˶״ҲͷȥɫȴҶĸ
ֻڼҡվһϾ¶ڸʹѽ飬дҶҪ뿪ڲܿڣΨҶһһ˻ء


919 
ߵ뼫ԶľʱȴͣǰֻҪ뼫ˡ
ۼҶǹؼλͣɫһɭȻСӣôˣ
Ҷ£Ц˴ǰΪСģûȵСô˽ȥ
ԣס󾱣ǰ˭֪ǰҶҲ˼֪Լ˼ҶֹͣǰЦУѱʲô£ܴӱн˾ߡ
ҶĿͣϣҲ˶Ҷ˫üһЦ϶Ҹ
ߵʲô
ҶҪҵ޷ǾңС㣡ұ֤ܣִУһڽȻ
ɼҶУʵŲֻʹթ˫üһǣСһڱǰߣϷΣΣ浱ɵӲɣ
ҶһЦԶһ˼УһϴϲƾͳҶ˭֪ҶܣؿڣѪʱڶ͸½
ʱʧеҶ㡭ʲô
ҶʹһЦɬ϶ʱһſУСұƱҪӹ˫Уʱʲô书Ҳʹڲ
ôˣ֪ҶΪʲôҪôʵɲһƻ
ˮй£ٿض˳ѩ׵˫ջ䡣
нͻȻе֣ҪˣǰһץҪҶȥҶչһץա
ȻѣͻȻҶĻ߱˹һļ٣æȥٲǰˡ
ԼһȷַҶȻˣһʱת˼ͷЦãţ԰գͻȻֱֱҶ˹ȥ
Ҷһңȴȥ׷ɱС㣬ôǺã
ĵСӵǽԼĿֻ꣬Сӣ˵Ҳ˴šһͷЦã췢ģһһΥ𡣡
Ҷһͷã˵ǰýӵɾʱͻȻһƽҶ֮С
ǧһ֮ʣҶ˫һƣոսӵȻͳ֮УĻУæסҶеǿߣҲµģ
ٺ٣᲻£ɲԼ˵㣬˵㣡һҶԼ֮Уʲôæ˽ȥһԲˡ
䣬ģסҶзĻᡣ
վ棬棬ΪҪΪʲôҪ˵˵ţȻЩˣǴʱվʱߣʱ
ҺԱ߻ˣһ֣ץС㣬ǿ߰ɣȻ͹ֵһˣ
ҲߣҲߣҪԼߺˣˤ֣Ȼֱֱб˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬æǰһĺ֮ϣʱһǰס΢΢̾ϢС㣬ðˣ԰գҲ飬ֱڿԶȥˡ
ʱУվԭһҲҶһ֣ץҶعЦСڻ䵽ˣ֪ϴһʱʱˣ˵ͻȻһֵΪǱ纣򣬵һϷŪ࣡
ҶɼץסҲκηĻһۣϷŪĵһ࣬ǰúޡϷŪˣ˵⣬ģһȣбһۣзߺ̡
ƴ˿ҶӲģ򶨣عЦСӣ˰ˮѾͷĪϲô٣һ࣬Ȼϲ鰮
ҶĮҡͷֻ֪ǳģԼѴԼҹⲻȥַⷬԷθ˵ǿУҲǴ˴ȫȻСеôġ
ЩҲģԼǿߣȴӲҶССˣΣʱŭѪϳ壬С֣֪䵽Уҽôô˵ŹһЦҶؿס
Ȼָצסţھóɻ֮࣡ҶһצץÿڽѪɫȴ¶˿˿ЦݣͷЦݣиŭ
۽âٿؾָˣҪץ䣬Զʴһƿ֮ǿ߸ʢŭ֮࣬ȴҲɢʶɵ֪ߺȴôôˮԳǿߣ߲ƣȻǣҲΪȱҶһп̷ʱˮԳǿߣûŪǵ⣬ɲ޹Щ鷳ֽҶЮͻȻԶȥ
ԼʱЩˮԳļһ̫Զľ󣬼һǵһǣҶ˼ӡϣ䵽һС֮ϣ⵺УȻŪһһҾ޴ޱȵĴ
ҶδôĴֻ޵϶㵹ܣ⴬㲻١ɣ
ȴֻصСӣΪľܣȻЩߣƴͻΪԪ
ҶһЦܽˡ
һۣĵЦӽҲ޲ƾվٶȻˮУٽҶڲУ⶯ǣ⴬Ȼʻ
һҶ˼Ӱ֪ˮԳΪ׷ԼеĽӣԲˣҪȻҶô־ܣԼ뼫С
һֻͷˮԳ٣ֻüˣβĺӰѰ˼Ҳ֪ˮԳ˶ǿǰ׽Լǰϣǰ׷ԽԽãǧҪԽǿУþ뼫ƴܾˡ
΢΢Щķ±˹ų忪ԼϵĽƣʱлˣҲóûԪˣµĽַͬһ㣬أδɹ
ǰһڣܾǺˮǼŴֱû˺ˮ֮Уںˮ֮ʻ嶼һ㵭ɫţǲɫĹּ뺣ˮͬһɫǲϸ쿴ֱ治
ֻͻȻˮúЩˮԳ׷һʱʧĿ꣬Ȼˣ죬ѾûˮԳ˵ӰӣҶļƻգɷſڴ
˼䣬⼸æ˦ˮԳЩ׷ߵļؽһתҶֻҪԼˣ漴סڣЦһ
˭֪ҶһۺĿһ˿ɫֽҶץ𣬼в£ȻֱӷĴ󴬣ˮȥҶ΢΢Щᣬôõһ󴬣Ȼ󺣡
Ҷֻˮ첻ӣֱֱһɽ˹ɽʯܲЮҶУ˺ңתʮڣʱѵһ᲻ʯ
ʱһĴ󴬺󷽣ͻȻҴ󴬺棬ԳƬ̫࣬ۼߵôһҴǻˮԳµЩߵ֪
ԣЩ׷ߣڵһʱϵɴʱЩһȴ֪Ȼѿǣ沨ҿմ֮󣬾صɽԶȥ
ʱŴҶӺɽԶȥĴӰЦҶ֪ϼһ̫թƣξ治֪ǲԡ
ЮҶںױһ󣬺ͣ£ˤڵϣ߿һţЦСӣҪΪҲ֪Щëǳģ㻹ʲô˵
ҶһʱᣬҶԼɱ֣˫ۣĬ
ȴЦҪȴҲף㣬ˮԳЩһΪʲôҪ׷㣬Ҫ˵㲻֪£˵ˣ㲻
ҶһŤͷ𣬼һ֣΢΢Ц㲻˵Ҳգ㣬ʦţһԶͬڵΪǴĶѧģ˭ģ
˼ǲ˵Сү̸ܽ㣬ӳˮԳ׷
ٺ٣ʹ˵ʡʱһЦҲʵʵ˵
ĴΣҶһڣҧֻۣ
ŭһ̧֣ҶԴҪ£ʱȴԥѰ˼ΣС˵İĲУӴĦ潫ѧᣬУҲǲˣ
ǿߣô£٣һЩͷԼԸ񣬳Ȼǲ٣ηģȴֻһˡ
УټϣǰҶֲг˴ҲһֱڻȻСӴ˿ԼУҲŪҪֵ̽һʱѾ
һᣬˮԳС׷ʹҲһʲôأҲŪףСңǿƿ޹ֻܻȡ׳Ŀڷ硣
ת̾˿Ѱһʯ£ЦС㵱ϲѾͷô
Ҷһϲϲʲôɣ
ЦȻйأ˿ɱ㣬Ҳֻˣһ·츳ѣնȻǰ;ʱŮżٸߣҲͰ͵ĽѾͷ͵ǰֻҪһԸŮժ׽ɲ˵Цģֻţһܵ
ҶȻջҲûã֪£һܸġ
Σ䣬аˮԳ£Ҳˣ£ȴһҪСӿڲУˮԳ£Ҷ˵׽һˮԳļһ̿һǼһﲻ¶ϾģǷǳٵģ飬ϧԼҶӲԵˣԷǳټġһᣬɫ粻תͷȻСһţϷЯ֣ĲǣˮԳЩëʲô纣磬Ҳδض᲻ﵽ񾳽ѾãҲͻΪķӣ۷ʱ޶࣬һͳٻģ𣿡


920 ϱ
һͳ磿ҶէŴԣһôĻǣôʢһҲƮƮȻЩ⡣
⶯ЦСӣνӺɷ򲻿£뵱һ춯صĴ£˵Ž⿪ҶϵĽƣЦֽվԸӱ棬ȻˣҪߣҲ
һίʵҶϣɺΣϼһʲôƣ
ЦҪɱ㣬ƣʲôƣǶҪ˵ôǱǱǸ˲ţͼΰҵֻǰŰˣ
ҶЦͼΰҵߣ뽫ҵһöʹˡ
һЦȻģԺԻס
ҶһȻˣϼһ֪ʱƬĴˮԳ׷ߣ㶨Լ˽ȥŽԼнƣ㲻֪ԽôԽ˵϶Ļ⡣
һҶĵ϶Ȼթ˵ǶСүҲδҴ˿ԼҲĽͻˮԳΧһʱļӿͷãҲӢţͬ·Ҳǲ
ĿЦСӣȻǳ֮شסͷжЮҶзɱ
һ죬ͣЪϢ伫߿Ƭ̣˵ȥЩҰζԳԣ˵Ȼ磬ǲҪԶˣǺһڡ
Ҷǲ֪˵ȥҰζʵй۲죬ƵҶ֮⣬д󶨣ҲԶңңˮĳĺ㣬û˿ҲζҶֳˡ
ҲˮԳЩͬڵϹʱ¶٣ûʲôҶļƻɾҪˣר𺣵Ƨɽػߣ书񣬴Ҷں׷ɽԽȣԾɡ
ôգǰˮɽƽƽ˳һƬ˺ɽ֣ϣһ·ʱˮԳĸֳûϼɷǣʽͽǶˣȻȶߡ
ΪȡҶҲٰգ˹ˣҲʱ̽ڷ磬Ϸİء
Ҷµ⣬һζװơ
ɰգСӣжֵͣùϷˮĥ򣬺ߣ³ɣӰж˿飬ɻɢǣӾСĹӡаģȴЦ¶֡
˸̥࣬һռ΢΢⣬Ȼһʯ֮Уһʱ֮䣬ΣȻҲŭѡ
Ҷʯ߶ʱԽԽ߷磬Լʮ·̣ԣĿĹˣʯѱתȻֻصԭأɵʧȵˮԳЩ鹬ĵס棿
֪ˮԳ֮Уûж֮鹬Ĳ󷨣ô֪ˮԳǴŪ󷨵ģȲףþЧ鼱֮£ȾʧһͨҶֱüͷ
һ󣬺ֳҶһۣЦСԴ󣬾һȻޱɫѵ֪ƽ󣿡ºɫҶ̵ǲ֪ƽ󷨣
ԶһҪúһУ˵꣬ҲȼڣҶͰָ߱Ҷһæ
һȴҶĺģ˿⣬Ҫ֪ҶֲΪɵҶѴʱֻҪҶ춯ͳֽС
Ҷеľü䲻ʤЦͷżȻүǣôĪǴӱɽģһڣߣڿɲƵʱӦͬ۹á
ҶԼ˼ҲЦһ㻹ר󣬸ϽȥɣҪˮԳǸϹˣҲˣ
ʱ󷲵ˡ
ѿƨ˵ˡת䣬֪Ҷ˵ġˡ˵󷨴ˣæˣĪˣ
Ҷû˵ŵ㣬Ȼæ˲ơ
ģһʱɲЦСһɲҪ滨û㣬ֻҪҳʯЩˮԳǿߣһ׵ľ㣡
ҶͷЦģ㻹ûôģһȥġ
ԣлǺɣ˰ΣȴƲʲôãѴԼ߳ʯǴοЦһ̧ǰһһɱӿ
ͷŭҶҪʱʯͻȻ棬ҶһûʧˣŭȥҪղ˭ڱ͵Ϯһ񣬾Ҷѳա
֪תһƣȴǹӰҲޣֻһʯͷڻƶƵþɲѲɱ̫˻þɾʱһǰŨҵɱٴδϮ
һתȴҶӰǰ֣ԾɣһŭȵСӣӵ𣿡Ծ׷ϡ
֪׷ҶӼֲ֮ˣŭ𷢿־죬ªۣɱϮ˹һʱ޿ɱܣתһĳ
ֻǰɱʱһǰӰһΣӰ˼һƣһһѪʧʯС
һе֣д󶨣˺е󱲣ݻȻˣȴò˴𻰣תӣĹ˼ȴҲûƼҶˡ
ҶȻѾʧŭ񣬶ȻŰȵϽҲĹ󣬷ݹֱ潫ٵøɸɾٽһһɱ
ŭֱ֮ȴӦ
ˮԳҵģɱֱºûѣŭ֮£顱һţǰһʯͷߵ÷飬ǡˡһ죬һȭʯΪʯۣԶҲˡ
һ·˳ȥʯʯʣʯʯɽʯڣʲôֻҪʯйصֻҪȭһ̾ͱ÷顣
Żޱȣתĵǿƻ£̾ͱһͿģʯȴһӰҲûʼ͵ϮЩӰӣȫˣûһ¶ͷġ
һ󣬼ȵã濴ܶ㵽ʱ꣬ͻȻһתһţԱߵһʯɽͻȻֱˡ
δʯɽͻȻ߳Ӱ׼ȷ˵ͷˮԳˮԳǮѩ׵ĳëͷһǽ͹ȧͷˮԳƼ˹תӡ
ߣ棬ߣһѴ˹ȥһץסһͷˮԳĺ󱳣ͷˮԳҲʥڵĺޣһΪҲ֪ģ˿̾˿ҲʩչԹԵر
һۣŭУһգͷˮԳԴײһʯɽ֮ڣɫʯϣǻѪɫһһѪⲢ
һͷˮԳýŶˣ仹ӣδӳ㡰ۡصڵϣһץͷˮԳͻȻԣел˵
ͷˮԳҪ˵Ҷ٣ס֡
֪ͷˮԳȴҵˮԳһкγޣΪҪ´˶֣
ٺ٣ǰûгޣǾȻҽ֮УƻӿƵĺ£վ֮ԳɱҲԩĿ¶ݹ⣬ŭ
ͷˮԳ˰Σ૵ǲҪס㣬ֻסǸ࣬˭֪ǸͬУʵҵȣܷСһ·
ֻɭɭЦãӷһ·ЦѻƣͷˮԳͷͷˮԳ߶ûһ͵ӡ
ͷˮԳɱ󣬼ٵ˼ʯɽȴҲûһˮԳӵܣҲǼɽɽʯʯ·֮һĵ·
ǰʯʯȴԽԽܼˣôüͷ΢΢ЩڣӦ÷ŭ֮£ͷˮԳɱˣôҲӦһͷԼʯ˵
˿̼ȻˣҲֻһݣһĳͻȻ䣬ǰȻʣʯɽУͻȻ漣ֳһƬƹ⣬ǣĿ
İĺ磬Ȼ˵ɭڰ˿̣ﾹһƬԻ͵ĵƹ⣬ƹǵδʹʯؼ٣ʹʯ˵Ĺ졣
һᣬ飬ַˣ⼸֮ƾͻȻðһŨҺɫˮ뺣ˮ֮Уܵ˵طƾ˼ء
ͻȻ䣬һӰ֣һ˹ӰĽŲǳᣬҲһ˫۾Ҳܽа졣
ͷӰסעû˵ҲûǵӰȥ
ǵӰȻ˹վ˼ǰĿ߽ĹâҲŽ΢Ц˹֣Ц棬ãˮԨ廤Գ˴Ρ
ûԳѻ˵꣬ߵ㵨ӲСȻҶһңͲС
Գ¾£ҲòҲ治Ϊµģ°ѻ˵źã
аյĹ֮ãͻȻƾʲôΪ治ɱ㣿⵹Щ֡
ԳЦˮԳǰûʲôޣ¶Ǹģ֮ӦסŶԣҲ˫භûˡ
ü֪ǣ
·Ҫ֪ǰ¡
ݵ
ڻûҵ
쵰ϷŪ棡һץס½˻˵Ǹˡ
ԳҲ𻰣ֻǺЦż֣ҧһҧڷƣԳЦ·ǰܵǸ࣬Ӧδ
һ㶣Ҫ̽ˮԳ׷Ҷأʱ£ȴ΢΢ЩˣֻõֻҪϵõһǴúˡ
ֻǸϵõһԳ΢΢ЩɻˣһֱΪҶҲΪҶϵǸӣھȻ˵ֻΪһ


921 Գ
Ǹ྿ӵһȻüһǿҲ̰á
һᣬԳŵǰǸϵõԱ֤ٲˮԳһǸĶԹô
ҵĿֻ꣬
һԼȳ
˵Ļ޸ģ
ãǰһһ˳ȥһ·֮ϣеʯﶼƶóһͨʯû˼ƻҲԵƽ͡
Գͷǰ棬Ųûһ˿Ųͣߵһʯľͷһʯݡ
ʯŰڣеƹ͸
ԳǸ棬סˣҲǰϵõҪĶ󣬾ȥ£²֣Ⱥš԰գ˿
Ҷ缱𣬲˵꣬ͼ˽ȥӵ룬һӰӰΣӦþҶɡ
쵰Сӣ벻ڱɣῴ㻹ǶܣѪУһܹȥץסǵӰͷȻΣ
һ仰δ˵꣬ͻȻǵӰͳˤڵϣö࣬ģֻ࣬ǸżˮԳĻ쵰ȻϷŪ桭һ˵ţһʯ˹ȥ
̫ˣݷ죬ٵâ˷˹ͬʱʯݵıھȻҲ£˹
鼱֮䣬ȭȭƿռѸǿƻȻͬһ㣬ȭʯʱʯڣֻݻ£û˿ɣ£˹
ˮԳһƲνҲνȻ뽫ʯ֮ڡ
ԼȭȻʯڷֺ־ŭ½ַһʯ֮ϣϸ鿴һۣͻȻ䣬ʧʯʯôֹ
ʱʯڣٵ㣬ҲһǸֽ֮һǲСɣˮԳһͽ֮أ
ʱʯСޱȣЩÿһȫռ׼˼ίʵûп֮أ
֪һ˿࣬ͻȻХһӰڿ֮ʣǳһ׶Ȼһ׶ͷϵʯڡ
ֻһ죬ײݶ˳ȥ
ܰӰУʮӰ·ɱХУ콾նתˡ飬ۡ죬Һһ˱ײգһ˱䵽һʯɽ֮ϣһ˱һ׶ʯ֮С
˾㶼ˮԳһǿߣǰ˿һ㶼ΪˮԳ壬ͷëˮԳԴѣѪĽʱ
ˮͷԳˮԳǿ߻˿ȥգۼӵӰգ˰㣬κα棬ȻƵñʹıһӲģ
Զɽ򣬻ֻӲӲ֮òϢ
л߹֮ǰĺˮ׷Զֿһ·˿ʯ֮ȴûһ˸̽Դ
һ˵ļˮԳǿûһҳͷǺε磡εȺȴ˿⣬Ϊ֪ΪˮԳǼͬڵϹûи
ҪǸҪˮԳҶǿɾˣһҪЩϹû֮ǰһҵҶԴ˿вûе⣬Щߣ
ͻȻ䣬һɳ⣬Ժڰɽźֱ£һȻǿߵֽţʱ䡢λ㶼׼׼׼һɽԴ룡
һͣȴҲ׼˼ѷ֪ض⧲ļ֪أͻȻһ⿰ǰ£δ˼
һգһʯɽ롣
磬ץס˳ֵ˵ȵ㣡ͻһᣬֻ䱻˳ȴֻѪһϱۡ˾һԼұۣ
Ϊ뾶ΪԲģ͸ֵһԲԲףףԸ˸˸ԲԲף֣Բ˸ԲСӾϣ٣
úݵˣӰ߶δһΪ˲뼫УȻֱӶȥһۡ
쵰־ּŭֺޣ׵жϱۣһ˳ȥʯɽӦֶѣȴƲһӰ
һ·֮ϣһɽˣ֮ҲƲһӰҪ裬кãͭҧ飬˫ĿѺ࣬˻ãǶ㣬ҵҪܶ㵽ʱ
ͻȻ䣬һʯңѵúڰѰǣ뵽һٲɣ΢һȫâһв
ԶһʱȻѰҶʯеˮԳǿߣҲѰˡ
ǱںڰУߣèסһʯɽ˹ȥŷʯУŲٹá
ʯУܾܾ
ˮ˺ͻȻˮƺƺ
һϢǱйȥ
ȻмἫһʯɽĵײ
һ˵Ҳǰ취üȥȥȻ˵ƽ¶˿˿⡣
һ˵ӦֵңҺ϶ͷҪǿģȡ󣬴ʱˣʱǶȻǿһʱ̣Ƶǵóʱ䣬ҳǸ࡭
ͻһŮǸҲ֪Ǹʲôǲµģͺµһ㣬Χס֮ʣȻδζõû
һüзźôˣΪгϻûǰҪüûЩǰֹǾץǸ࣬ҲڼŭС
ǶҪŭˣŭʺǿе֪Ҷڣ֪ҲûץҶﻹ͵סһ£һ߱˽ʯɽ
ʯɽıˮԳǿɫôѰˣ
䶢ɽʮӰЦô죿ٺ٣ǻ浱ɵӣһ·ɽʯôȡǵڵˡ
Գǰ¡
Ӧľ㣡û˵꣬ѳ˹Գû뵽˱ŭ֮£˫ȭ顢顱ȭ㶼ڼϡ
˿Լ˫ȴ۶ϣҺһδڣץסţ鼱ɣƴһŷɳһŵӰȥ١
֪أӰһţ˿̾Ҳһ־ץסˣֻһŭȣԳѱѪ˺룡Ѫ仨մ˼ȫ
Գ˲ˮԳǿߵ۾ˣŭ𣬷׷ȥ
߸ǿһֿ˾ùһֽ󷨣һͬСɣ˿޼䣬ˮ©һʱ֮䣬Ȼ΢΢ס˼Ĺ
ЩôùһķٴλǱ׶ϻ֮У׶ļ绢Ⱥһ㣬㷷֮䣬ƬƬʬѪ꣡߸ǿѵ
ʣµһżͻȻݿնȥ뵽УʮƣΪˡ
֪׶һգֻǿ׶ʱһ˿ʹʲôɸ˵أתǸĶߵǿߣͻȻվסֳһʬǸǿߵͷˤ˹
Ѫ׷ɣͷǿߵ궼㺧ϣܣǾʬ׶ͷϡ
˾㱻öһ룡ȫëһǰȻҲɱ飬˿̶üɱôˡ
һۣȵ㻹Ҫ涯ֲɣ
ˮԳǿߵ㡭ô
ŭô֪ƽҡ
ˮԳǿʧⶼǺԳǡֻļƻʵ޹أǰŹ
ȻЦ˶ˣкȤζɣһ˵꣬ѵˮԳǿߵǰ׶䵽Ǹǿߵͷ֮ϡ
֪ǿ߾ǶҲҲ֡
һ׶㶼ͷǣǿ߾ͦվ߶δһ
ͻȻЦЦŵã㾹ȻִУбʹЩɾʱǿߵͻȻ˫ȭֱǻһľҲôһֱһȭ
һȭ֮Ѳ֪жٲ˷С
֪ڴʱҲһܳٺЦţȻթЦУһӣǿͻȻԼȫһУĪʧȥ׼ͷԼƣƲԼʹ
ҪƫҪҪͣƫƫֻͣꡱ죬ȻֱֱԼϣһҺȻЦվţҲδ
ǿߵȴѵ£ҧҧѪӿȪ㡭㡭
Цҿû㣬ԼԼαء˵ʲôͻȻŶͷŶˣУҵôҪɱˣⲻԼ˰ɣ
ǿ˫ŭ͹ֱ촽˵ʲôȴһҲδ˵ԶҲ˵ˣֻҲûϢ
Ц̾ϢɱңЩҲͲˣһĻᣬˮԳЩϹˣҲܹңô
ʱͻȻ˽Ц㾹Ȼ֪ˣֺα̬ɱˮԳôǿߣΪ»ô׾ôδˣʱһͻȻ˻
˻֮ͻȻת̧ͷȥֻ溣ˮз͸֮⣬ȴͻȻֳʲô˵ľףɫǶˣ
˻һͻȻЦǶˣЦҲ缦һ㣬񡢴̶̴٣һ֮УЦ
ת߳Գ
ٺ٣϶ǵ˼ңЦǰת
һˣһͷߣСݸɣȴһѣģ˵Ĺأ˵


922 
ˣһһŮǷУ֮䣬ȥȴдݣеĲߣѹѮɷüĿ֮䣬ɷˣ˲Ϊ֮ĺ
ŮĴԼʮˣ̬ȣüĿ续סӵұۣ΢ŤٿȻӹԶ
һǰ̷һ˿Цݣɱ
ĿؾˮԳˡ
ͷؿ˻ЦϷԳ棬Գ㾹ȻʶͲؽˣԱλģʲôʲôˡ
һۣŵλ֪кμ̣
ԳŵüԸ¼ȻΪһౣܻǶ̲סƣλ涼ԸΪū࣬ʲôֶͨΣȻ֮⣬ǻּ
бɫȴȻֻϧ´˴δҴҳţ޳ʲôöλҷۣ
ԳЦɱˮԳôǿߣӦ֪һҪһǿߣǶôѣ㼫֣ɱˮԳʮ񻤷ҲΪ㣬ʮǿߵ㼫һ۰򡣡
ͻҲЦããԭǵҲԱҲ֪ûˮԳһֶ֫̽ӣҪӲȥһˣ
Զ꣬ԳʲôѵӦ
ЦҪҴӦֻСδˣ⣬ѵؿڡ
⼦Գÿٶȣգۼ䣬Ѷ˼αУӥ졢ȴģգۼѻߵռ䣬ߵռѷںϻȻżת
ƾסôƽԾһܹƶռѷ죬ʱȴʮռѷ
ȻˣǾ㣡һ׶Ӧһ׶ܿռ価飬ռƬһȻһռ籩ǼԳϮȥ
Գ֮죬Ҳڼ֮£ͻȻһԼצķһצӳ춼צӰצĿռƬңӦȻ΢תٴη˼
⼦ԳƿۿռƬһʱ֮䣬ȵüӦӲϾ
Ҳǵ˿Ӧδʽ֧穣гοԱ߻һĿ׹ӣһһֱЦĺԳĿתصֻ¶ͽɱ
ʱ𾢵ĺԳͻȻüһ壬漴ЦСöǿɲҪɱҾɱҲе㲻ܣֻҪסˣϷȥʯеǸСӡ
ͻȻŭȵվסȥüԳļצΧ겻͸ʱǸĿɷҲ˹ʱҪȥҶǲˣֻóӦս
ʱǸԳѱסٺһЦͻȻһʯɽ˹ȥŲһͼʯɽӰһƿ֮
Գɫһɫ૵۹ȻûӦྐྵȻĶʯɽ󣬺ٺ٣СҲ֪ʲôķӣȻ˱ط˶û
һ˾ͷҶ٣΢΢Щ⣬ֻԼȥ´ˡ
ԭҶӼΪʯ浽ˮԳ׷ߣֻҪһ±ǷЩͽ׵ˮԳҶȻ塣
ӼĿУ̽ˮԳеǿѳ˹һʱɲ֪Լ̳ȥĺãβڼ棬ˮԳǿ߻ƴĺá
ֱʯǼʮˮԳǿʱ¶⣬ǾˮԳǿ߻ƴƴܾˣ浽ʱźóûȥ
Ĵ˿£սеһʱˮԳ徹ȻһǿߣһʽҶ̼ƻķ飬һԿϷǸͷ˹ʼΪֻͷ֮٣ġ
ɵϸ΢ԽԽʱҶ֪ԼǸͷˣȴǲףԼһ·ڼ󣬶ûü˿ͷηֵԼ
ʱǿѽĿȥǸԳﻹǸӶһֻǴ֮ɽ価վƣ򶷳Ϊνˡ
ͷԼصطѭ˿Ϣһ·׷ƿ֮ͷһϲѼȥȴʯɽ½Ҷһ¡
ҶͷԼһ˲䣬ڿն𣬲˲ת˵ʯ
ͷȴҲͨǴˮԳģҶתֻһʱʱһͨ򷨣ҶλҲסЦβ׷
ҶɺͻȻԳ泤Цβ֪޷ԺԳãҲЦ϶һɽ˫һӣһʯɽͻȻεضֱֱԳ˹ȥ
ԳʯɽȻ쳣ңԼôɽУҲȻ£ˣȴЩȥһƽʯɽˣɵʯɽһ˲䣬ȻͲҶӰ֪ԼҶĵ
ſʶĴ̽ѰһᣬͻȻһ˿âȵСӣܲ˵ģϣӦķλ˹ȥ
ʱҶܵĴ֪ͻȻһȣһӰһǿҵķһȻʯ֮˽
ֻǰӰһҶһֻԳͼתȥֻǰһȣԼ
Ҷпϻ쵰ôô׷ˣߣ顱һҶˣ¸ʯĽ
ԭһţҺ׵һɽϣһ˶ɽֱֱһ׵Ĵ󶴣ֻˮӿȥһȵ֪֮ͣ
ҶܹԳһȣδü²֪ԳٶȿľˣһȲУһϣһƿսһȣҶɨȥ
ƽգԳȻңҶĹҲȫȻûл֮˿ֻǻ˾֣һԾԾֻ࣬һӽŵɨ
˵زܾһУ콣֣·һȻһ˾ֱֱ˺棬Ŀɨȵ϶ˣ
ԳУ㶼ǰԳɱУֻԷ̧֮£㲻ҲҪˣʱҶֻӣ֪һԷȴӰˡ
ֻҶںϷ̧ĿȥҶ־಻һëͷСӣ档ԾȻºȻľȴԴȵСӣñܣȻ׷ȥһȾ˽㡣
ҶĻͣܵĸ죬˵˫ָһųһư˿ư˿ͻȻֱֱָҶķ򣬺ԳɭɭһЦΪһ׺ƿ׷ȥ
ʱڱ纣ϿտݵҶư˿ָ䷽֮ʱȴͻȻһ亹ڸղţСѣǶʲôһ㣬
ͻ䣬ҶһйֱӴӿеҿӦ죬æɢȥϵʶ壬С
һҶ֪Ϊʲô˲ܷԼΨкԳܷԼˣרӤر֪һҶɫ䣬Ȼ֪ԼҪӺԳǷǳѵˡ
ˣҲܷʱҲĻһ򣬿нŲǣӿٿݿ
ȡˮԳĽӣǳ׽ˮԳǼϹëˣԷ׷ϣԼӻǣж˿顢ҲǾٲˡ
ҶյǣѺͺԳԶľˣԷȻа취ȷķλһʱʱûСƱһ£̫ˣһ˿⣡
ҲӦǻƴڼѰЩǿߵĻʱԼӦðճ󣬲֮٣
ڶ棬ҶֻܻΪһŰ׹⣬һ·ݡ
ʱ䣬ʱһٷĹҶڵСضһΡ
Ȼÿζʱѹһ֣ҪƫӶݵķԷԷȷλö׷ϡ
Ҷ·ݹٶ΢ںԳ棬ǺԳƾӦһͽ׷
㣬ҶͺԳһǰһ׷ȥһڣټĺ׽׷ӵϷ
;УҶһ浣ˮԳǿҲһ֮Ϊ˲ԳԶ׷ȥȻ뽫ڵӤΪʲôúԳˡ
鿴˰죬ҲûƳʲôǺԳԶطȻСƽһ޶֮£Ҷʱ˴˼ʼȫĵӶ
ֻϣԳԶˣ쳣ٶԼӤ
ҶееƵǣԳ沢ûƵʹط̽λá
˵ĻټӸǿҶĶж죬ܶ½סˡ
Ҷе˼ˣ
ҶȻ֪ԶǧĺԳͬаޱȣǲأҳҶλãҶͬС졣
Գһ츳طռϢֻҪκԲʮ֮ڣطǸط֮ʱϢռȻ֮ɻԴ׷١
Ǵ֮һҵҶǾΪʯϢɼһ飬һҵҶȻͲˡ
˵ɽɢϢϢɢģÿԳû׷֮ʣͻ׷֮˵ַҲΪʲôԳں׷ҶʱҶСᱩԭ
ɻһɣȴҲƷһΣҪһ㣬ʱ˿̺ԳȡҶ֮ϢƵĻôʹãֻʣʹõˡ
ƵԽԽϧʱ˿̣Ҷǧ֮⣬ɼҶϢƻҲ˼ܵ¡
ʼһֱţƾλ֮˿ܹ׷ץҶ뵽ԼһǿߵĶȻȲһǿߣۼҶԽԽԶԳҲֻܱһӵԹ֮ƴĸȥ


923 
ʱ˿̣뼫ֵǿѸ˹ǺԳΪ˲Ҷû֮ǰٲᣬҲֻòʹûⶨҶλá
ΪҲҶһоƵģһҶӳ֮⣬ǾҵˣԾһã˿̺ԳеĻֻʹһˡ
˿ۣΨһһʹûᣬҲ֪ǺˣҶǽЩã̫ԶˣȷҶλãһʱ֮ǿɾˡ
ǿջ֮࣬ȻҲҶ֮죬в죬һССǿߣȻܰǿ׷٣ʵеš
ʱһȥҶСıļԽԽ
ӸտʼʱһΣոӦһأʱҶѹһΡ
ڼյһηСڰԳѲٶǽˡ
֪һҶȻдϲǺԳ̫Զطʧ飬ǶԷʲô鷳ⶼʱ
ԥķ°ѪҺ׼һ󣬲ٹ˼ɣϣƿնȥԶԶ˸ĺ
ҶԶһСϣԳ桢ԳǸӶɫมڰ֮УôʱȺ׷õһεĻξȻʧȥЧ
ڸǣҶԶ֮ˣ֮£ֻڴ˵ͣ׼Щʱ䣬ɢ֣򳹵ѲҶ
ΣҶߵĽӣˮԳһҪûģҲˣԿȻǲܶġ
ˮԳĳϣŷ߷߲ʵڿնȥ
ҶѺԳ׷ٰºҶҲһİĻĵ֮ϡ
˿ȷûˮԳ׷ߴڵӣһͷ˴˵֮ϣɿ쿪ٳһ֮ʯ
ڲ¼ٵķʹҴ붴£ȻЩΪ˰ѺԳ棬Ϸʹöѽڵĵ߰˰ˡ
ĸǰνеĸоƣͣҪҪָʵֵþ
ʮڣˮԳٽҶڣҶԼ˫ָ޺˲ȡȹʵڤ˼գȵ񳹵׸ԭҶŽĽһա
ʯɵСϿգվڸ߿մһ˷ڵ૵һطܾôɸϽ뿪ˣ֪Щ񾳽ϹЩʲôһطˣѰ
ҶȻʱ˦ˮԳ׷ɱԶԷֱ̬Ϊûжþͻѱ鸽ĺٴ׷ɱɲԹԴԭأ
ҺãЩϹ޷Уġ
֪ͬǣ˿Զڴĳǧɵһˮ׶ڣˮԳǿߣϢòһһ˸Сһ׷Ҷ
ϾˮԳȻǱ纣Ĵ֮һĺҲ޵ĺܣҶˮԳطΧˮԳǿƣҲ˵ƿصĺڣ޼ɵ׷Ҷˡ
ЩЭˮԳԺ񱨣һַǳõѡҲһַǳǵľ
һҶֻ֪֪ԼԽԶ뿪ˮԳƿصĺ򣬾ԽȫҪȻˮԳ彫ЩТȫпҵ
ǰֿգҶһŲƵС챾ͻȻӦǿҵʲôսһ㣬΢΢һӶȥ
ӽƵСʱҶЩĿɿڴΪϤ
үһ֣ɳʯүͷˮү֣ĻСϣƬƬɫУһɵŴںޣЩ޵顣
˼ʲô˲á¡һȺΧը
һȺΧţǳ嵽嵽֮һ㣬βɨһȺ޳ĹǺҵˬ֮ʣһͷͷĺ޾Ȼˣ
һ䡰ү֣Ļ
ҶʱɵۣһôˣھȻŰһﺣޣȷʵ΢΢ее㲻˼顣
ʱȺΧĺ޺Ҳ֪ǲĶ֣ɱһѺһЩСĺûκԥתӣ֮ʱ˭ٶȶǻﵽ޵ġ
үģӣ³һƬֱֱЩĺ˹ȥҽУЩȫΪ˻̣ʱƲţүһĺܣڳ˽ǡ
԰գͻȻȫϹš¡¡֮꣡ʱϴҶС
ǵһ죬ڣЩ޼ֱ񿪹һ㣬񱩵Ĵұġ
ɾʱ䣬һɫâҶƨϯ˹ҶһɵɱͷȻҲɱ˶
ҶɫâȻһǿߵһ֣ƻҲǿֲ֮ģֻâռ䲻ƣѷһһرѶ


924 ͨ
ĻҶһüôĺв½ƣҲ̫ڸпѪԵ֮ʣǰĺͻȻӿ
¸£λȻѪΧӦ֪ذɡȻһӴʶΧ˿ʶҶԺ
áҶʶ˲ȻˣɲʮֻӴİɫˮԳ˷Χ˹ҶûеطӣʮֻˮԳȻﵽʥ硣
ղŵʶٴһֻɫӴˮԳʮֻɫˮԳĺˣֻˮԳʮֻˮԳҪ屶ϢҲֲĶࡣ
һâֻɫˮԳȻ˵ȴǲ˹άͷһС΢󱳺ѹһ鶫Ƶġ
ҲޱȣƤڴ죬Ǵֲڣ޴ıӱǿ׳죬ֻɫɵԲ
ͬǺޱˣôôˡˮԳԼҲе㼵ʵӢݣҶпϰ졣
ϴô죿ʵҲ֪ҶˮԳͨѪĺڣôҲˮԳӵܱⲻ벻壬ҶҲŪôס
ҿǵӣûϳҶҶе㲻˼飬ʵҲܹЩˮԳȻյҪѲҶʾҶֻһࡣ
벻żղҶˣҶǰ͸ǿűˮ飬Ϣ˿¶ЩˮԳûϳҲпԭ
Ҷתתǽ֣ǿ⼸ͷˮԳڳȴ޷룬Ӳƴ⣬治֪ô졣
ʮͷʥˮԳټһֻ񾳽ɫˮԳһһƴȫܹЩˮԳˣҪսپˣһ¾ͻˣʱ鷳ˡ
ҶзݣȺЩˮԳ̸̸ܲƲ֣ҪʵڲУߣ׼ɱȫˡ
ҶȻ鷳鷳ĻĿɲ
ʮͷˮԳʶźû˿иʱ׼
ǵĹأӦ֪ɣٺ١ˮԳ۾ȵضҶ۾˸̰
ǺǣƬĺޣүһ棬ΣǺܿͻ뿪Ƭ򣬱֤ᶺҲһ׹УΣˮԳһ֣ƣж֮͸©һƽ͵Ϣ
Ҷһģһôڱ纣Ҳˣһ뵽Լ˵Ϊ޸߳һȣѵЩ棬档
Ȥѧ޵Ĳбȴѧ˵ڡҶֹⱩ纣Ȼء
Ȼ룬ҶԱȴǲЩˮԳ棬ϾԼʲôһҲ
ֻҪǹȥЩԪ͵Ǹļ񡣡һУ֪ŪһѵĺԪ飬ֻ²ڶʮţҶҲզ಻ѣû뵽ԵǸС
󵨣˲֮ԳȻƬĺޣӦֶ֪ΣлңھҪǻȥɫˮԳиֲһΣʾԼǿʵôˮһεΧˮֱӱ
̵ģʲôһͷˮԳѣҶͷˮԳװǻƣȴЦ⣬ԼоŤ
ͣһˮԳͻȻ͵͵ҶУʲôĵر߼Ԫ飬ͨһ
ԭ¸֮ȻﶼеͨģˮԳղһƣֻǲԼǰ¶Լıԡ
ˮԳһȻ޶ڣһԼ񾳽磬ҲһǣˮԳҲһ㣬ҶﰵЦ
˵˵ԳһϢɣҪǵ޿ɾͲðˡҶˮԳ˵Ϳʼּۻ
ˮԳҲʲô˵£ˮԳԼҪ¸ҪػشӦԼοûЩµʶҶ͵ϮҲ˳ࡣ
ȻҶϣɫˮԳһЦȫһζһӣЩˮԳԼʶȫʧֻɫˮԳֻͨͭС۾ҶȫɨɨȥһĲˬ
Сӵ֪أóɣɲҪʲô͵ȵĶŪԳүүȻеǿͷɫˮԳ˵һۣҶв
ȻԳô˵ˣ͵ĶȻǺñҪлԳͨڣҶЦ⣬ߴˮԳͷֹȴˮԳʮ˴˹ѪͷӴﵽ񾳽磬ӴˮԳһҪͷˮԳÿ
Ȼô룬Ҷǰǰ͸Լ񼶵޺һųȻʮֲᣬɹǰѹ˵Ժʵǿӡ
Ҷóһ񼶵޺ˣɫˮԳһ˫ͨţ۹âţ޴Ѫ̰
ԭǿ񼶵޺ˡɫˮԳ૵ĵҪǼƣˮԳ˽ȥֱȥ
񼶵޺ֵܷ˾ţ֮ŵˣһֱûý֮ȡһҲû֮ϣٿĹһ˵ҶֺϷˮԳҲ֪޺˵ĺô
ɣԳүүǵıȻǹȥһ·ǵƽɫˮԳ̤ǰúˮһڣһʹҶ޺ˡ
һѽ޺ץУɫˮԳĸֲ͵ȴҶȥˣײĺɨβ֮ϡ
飡ڵĸֲβ֮ϣ䣬һУɫˮԳʮɣȻһӡ
ΧҶˮԳתۼ侹ȻγһƣԪ·޵һҶȫΧ
ϻ󷨡ҶвЦ
ֺϻ㲻ʲô󷨣ǲĿʮͷʥˮԳʹ̸󷨵ĵҲʮͷʥˮԳ֮ס񾳽ǿһʱ뻹ġ
Գʲô˼ѵ˱ڲɣҶˮԳⷬж֪ãɫ쳣ѿ
СӣɲҪңƥ㽫ϵıȫһһʱ˾ͷǣҪȻȻҵԮһٺ٣Ǿ͵ŻɢɡˮԳҶѾ÷˺ϻ޿֣ǿ޺ˣЦ
ͽȻ
ǣ󷨡ɫˮԳЦݺܲã
ʱʮͷɫˮԳԪ뵽֮У󷨾ȻγһˮֱӳҶƶͬʱеˮԳҲΧȥ
ʮС֣ҲǳһˡɫˮԳ˿гʲôֻЩˮԳסҶһᣬ͹ˡ
ԼҲ񾳽ĺޣһǹǿˮаˮԳЩˮԳûסҶǣԼסһᡣ
ǿ״̬սپҶȻһȣǲͬʱ콣ͽȻģֱһϡ
ۣ
ѿâɢ
һ߿֮ͬʱһֱϿգֻ޴צɳ·һץȻץסͷˮԳ
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ֻˮԳֱץĭһƬˮʱȾ˺ɫ
һɹһţֱӴֻˮԳҲֻü΢΢һһ
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ʱҵĽֻˮԳ㱻նˡ
Ҷֳ콣Ͻâ䣬ͬһ磬ֻɫˮԳȥһ·ˮԳ콣նϣȫЩˮԳĹϣ˲ɫˮԳǰ
ɫˮԳҶȻһԼǰʱ󾪣ôһƿϻ󷨣
ɫˮԳоĺܣû뵽һһԣȻôѶԸԼɵĺϻһסˣҶһ·նɱˮԳҲٶȿˡ
ҶɫˮԳһ˿ЦֻԼ̫̰ˣԶĳ˯⺣װɣ
ɫˮԳ˵ţȻԭʮ֮ҶͽȻתף·һһ㣬һΣһӵǰ

ɫˮԳӦҪֵȻĸֲո
꣡
һƬҶ콣ֱնɫˮԳĸֲ棬ɫˮԳУһ⻮ڿգɫˮԳֲ˲䱻룬Ѫ衣
ˣʱЩɫˮԳҶһɫˮԳϲ񣬵ǽɫ΢䣬еϴ󣬿Ǵ
ҶһʬϹȻðһ˿̣ŭȵ콣Уǿ⣬ƺһܿȻʧ
Űһҿ㷴Ӧʱ鷳ʹˡ
Ҷˣܽǻᴫôһ£
ЦﵥǺޣǴﵽ񾳽ǿߣ󶼿ƾǿ־ǿһʱ̲ɢһЩʮҪ顣
Ŷ⵽һȤ£ǿ߾ͿԶݵĴڣ񾳽ĸôһأҶĬһߣˣˣڻǸϽ뿪ɣ
ԵƬ̡汼ȥһʹͷǵ֪ȡսȥˣһصҶԱߣֵˣǿ߰ɣ
Ⱪ纣Ϥ˵ȥǣܶ㿪ˮԳ׷ҶܺһۣͻȻü
ԣһŵѰ޳ǻȥɣÿ޳е˺ܣȻǱһ޳УˮԳЩëҳǣͲˣ
ⲻҶ˵ͷĺ޳ǾǻжԶ
ǰǧﴦһͺɽ麣޳ǣǿȥݱһʱ
ãȥǡһ꣬ʱҶ˶ȥ
麣Ҳһڱ纣еλǡ
麣޳ǣҲ纣к޳УصһǣΪ޳УǺ޾Ӷ࣬麣ȴΪһɫұ纣գ˭ҳͬĳ


925 Ե
صĳǣΪѾã໹Ǻ޶ѳϰߣԾ⴦ʷҶֲ֣Ҳû˭죬˭оȻԭˡ
ĳſڣȴһűųǱĸʾһɧ
Ÿʾ֮ɧ޼֮С
ʾĳſڣЩΧ۵뺣ޣأϸ麣޳ǵĽͨҲһʱˡ
Χʵ̫ˣൽֻѹѹһƬӰ궯ӰһģżҲûΪһĸͱ뼷ȥֻܸɵۣ䣬ǰˣġ֮Ǵֱʡ
ϧҶ֪Ǹ˭ҪȻȥѲһǲץסˣҲá
ˣڹ꣬ô°
Լῴ
Ҽѽ
ʶ̽ѽ
ҡ١ڵģ㲻֪ʾô
ǵأͻȻ˽µҿÿѲ߶
ԭЩ̼ſڵĺ࣬谭ͨ麣޳άķʹȰЧ֮£ֻɢˡ
һһУſƬ̵ĻңЩΧʾ֮ǰޣɢˡ
ĸʾǰĸȫװسǱ£ԭЩΧ۵ޣ˵ԶԶأָֻŵأԵš
ĸسǱУλֻ࣬һλͷޣУһĸʾɷнµضһ֮󣬲ŤͷԱߵһʵˣ˵Щôѽ
ǱŸʾýζģǶͷ˾ĻȻŵأЦţˣҲˣ
Ƕӳһ۵İӣ㻰û
Ǳһӳǡң
Ƕӳֵһ۵˭
ǱʵҲڿô
İӣӳؿɸˣĭĽŭ߳ţֲǲ֪⼸˵У㣬˭ʶˮԳһ֡
ǱæЦӳϢʵǱʾϵŪϲͷˣššԵġ
Ƕӳؿ߳ٷϻ˵澿дЩô
ǱһڿˮЦŽӵӳһǰĺ£ǰ󡭡
Ƕӳüӵ̵ģôķϻ
ǱֹЦǡӳ棬˵ˮԳ纣ͨһŵĸʾ
Ƕӳһ֮󣬲˵ʵ˵ͱˮԳѣˮԳͨˣ
Ǳ׵ǣǡ
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Ƕӳһô˵ô˵ˣϻˣЩﲻͨͨǸģĸʾӦҲˣΪ㻹ʧ̬
Ǳµεе㲻һ
ǶӳٲһҲֻץˣôץˣ޶Щôɣ
ǱºЦӵôУһǴĺô˵ˣǸѾǱǰ麣޳ǣ˭Ǹ࣬ܳܵȻãʵУֻҪǸٸ֮ˮԳ塣˭ֻҪϢʵˮԳһͻдʹͣˮԳΪĴ֮һʹ͵Ķǻ˵ã±һӵõĺôҪ࣬Ҳ˵һ˵ѽ
Ƕӳü˼һ֮󣬲עĿʵû˵ʲôģк
Ǳ¿ЦӳʾϣʲôҲû˵ֻ˵ǽеĿ࣬ǾͿ汨أ
Ƕӳһ࣬ҿ麣޳ǱΪһûһҲаǧôױϵġ
Ǳµʾϻ˵˿ɵ࣬ûоԵƷʱ;ҪݾߣǸˣҪܴˡ
ǶӳһѪΧˮԳ飬ƣҲơ
ǱؽӵӳˮԳѪ£
Ƕӳɫһؿںȵϻ˺
ǱºȻĿ˺ã
ǶӳעĿʵΪ˺ã
ǱګګصӳʾĩβдúףˮԳһûץ࣬ʾ͵һֱ˭˺ˣġ
ǶӳЦһӿɲôƫа˵ţ󲽶ǰŸʾ˺ȥ
ΣɼǱ¸ȵʹã
ǶӳЦ˵ʹã˺һŸʾѱ˺ѵأɲ֮䣬ΪƬƬ
Ǳ¶ɫ֮ʱǶӳȴ˻ЦѾ˺ˣɲᷢôᡭ˵Ҳ֣еġֻ֣˵һ룬ȴһģȥ
Σʹ£һɫ䣬ЩΧԶԶأֵ뺣ޣҲΪ֮
һæȥ̽ǵĶͷ˾֣ǶӳıǶһȻˣӳ
⣬Թ۵Ƕԣһһʱ֮䣬ôס
ȺУ֪˭Ȼһѽ
߰˵һŵʱ֮䣬ЩԹߣߵøɸɾֻʣŵı£ԭأͬʬ壬س
Ƭ֮һλͷװĻºӣҴҸһλŷʿһִʿļͷ˵ϴ󣬲ãˮԳ׷Ǳˡ
ȰģʿҶˣǸǱ麣޳ǣû뵽ͷ£
ҶŤͷǵøϽ뿪
ͷԽԽãˮԳǮǶסǣȻ;ԲǰŲŽǣǺžͽʾɢ˽
Ҷ²˳٣ھͶɣû뵽⺣޳Ҳǲˣ
˿̰麣޳֪ҶϢѿ˳ţڳͷʮɵѲ߶ӣڲͣ߶
ָ￴һΣŵһѲ߶ӸչڶѲ߶ĵڣءһ׳족ðϢȫ޵ڳǽϡ
ϳͷҶڳǶӺ棬ڹδȡһж
˽Ǳһˣȵʲôˣ
ҶվұۣԼˡسǵһǰߣһ˵ԼΪβ߻ţҪǽǣ
Ҷѹأǽܳȥ
ƣ
УУ
ֳڣҶǰҲùһĳ۶գڵء
ɺ޳ǷڳǣʱҶڳǣͬڳǣǣ۾·Ųͣø꣬Ρ
ʲôˣ
һȣһӴܳӰ
ңԼˡ
ףȴͬԷ⣬Ҷò֣ǡ
ǰҲ½˷٣̲飬Ӧ÷ʼδˣճ˰麣޳ǡ
ͬʱҶ֮ʡ
һУһȺ̻Ի͵ӴǷףЩĺֲӳȤ
ЩȺǸߴ
ϰ׵ĸ߶ȣ¡ȻϵϣУӦһƬŶԣǣʵȴǡǡ෴һ纣硣
һµˮС
ˮһ޴ĹţȻںףȻ⹬ڲȴһˮûУͻȻһͷɫˮԳݺ۳Ҷֺ󣬻ΪξôֱӲ˹

ʱڹſڵͷɫëˮԳɫˮԳ˵ɫˮԳȴǲֱӽ빬֮ڡ
дﵽ񾳽ˮԳʮϢ֮ڶϿ쵽Уٵܡ𵴡̡֮
ɫˮԳֱ쳹Ϣ֮Ȼ˽ˡ
˽ټ£֪ʲô£ԳͻȻУ΢΢ˮԳĵλǲҪ˵ģȴһȥģҲõһˮԳʵʱǻӵġ
еɫˮԳߣʲô£һ㱨˵ԳϵĻʯˣԳ˵ǲǴ£
ʲôԳǲġ˵һŻµͻȻҲֻ˵һ룬æ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
֪ӣһŮزۣУⱾĽɣһɾĶϺˡ
ҶҲ֪ѪնɱһͷɫˮԳȻݣҪ֪¾Ͳɱǽסеˡ
ɫˮԳƳ˻Գһۣɱ֣Գ۹ⶢһʱ֪ԼʴˣһԳСӾȻˣдСһҲ˽ӣ鿴Щˣֲôŭǵ峤ͷˡ
Գ֪æվɫˮԳ˵£ȻǴ£˵Ǹ쵰ɱԳһԳҪʬΣɢ
ߣãܺã¡ɫˮԳߵ
Գɵ˻ӪУһɣȴǰһѵԳһһԸˣģСҲ̫ûˣȥѪΧȻ˸ˡ
ˮԳ壬ƬҲһˮдˣˮԳ·Բ˰ﻹû˸۸ˮԳһ壬Ǹ࣬ȴεƣⲻܵġɫˮԳƶĿֲ
Щһ˵ʲôˮԳ壬ɫˮԳ˵һʮ֮˺Գ棬Գɷ⣬˭Ҳҿ⡣
ɫˮԳ˪Ŀ¶׹⣬ɭˮԳһϢˮԳˮ壬ǸྐྵȻѽѪƿصĺҲȻԶΪѪƬ˲ƣǲɼи·һѪȡϵǿǸڵʮﺣƬֻٸ죬ǸңһһңǷҲһҪǸҵ


926 
ǣеĽ˵Ӧһ뿪˹
Գ浭ͷԳһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҲǳͬһչӣҲƿնȥЩˮԳӵܾҵҶؼʱ̣ǵ֣пסҶ
ϣ죬ģܵĺס
ǧ֮£һɫ˻ͻȻХţɳ۶ˮտϧȴ֮ͣ⺣밲ס
Ҷ۵糸ԼٶȥεֻҶϣš
ҪҶȻ֮ãһ˲䣬һɫĺˣգۼ䣬ʧ
ǿɲһˣҶееˣ
ٺ١ҿǼӿٶȸ·ɣˣѪЩһ׷Ǿ鷳ˡ˹
һƬˮ֮Уŵĺܡ
ͻȻˮ¡¡رһڣˮ漴ˮͻȻð˼ٸɫӰƬˮ
ͷһѾܱ仯˵ĺޣһԼһ׾ų߿Ĺͷӣӡ
壬ϴŻƤ·ĿɱɱɭɭĴţһɫľֳ棬ͣˮҡΡ
ģ׷ˣսɺҶһ˿ɫ콣ɲǳУǹͷӱϡ
ǹͷӵַ·δ֪صסˣ콣ĿֲҲ˹ͷӵ֡ꡱһͷȫ˿ȴҲӹһ˿ȥ
⣬ͻϮһûнǹͷɱҶɫһȵ
ԴɱɫˮԳǰΣѾǵЩ׷ˣǰĴ׷ҶЩѾȫɱˣ治ףЩΪʲôô׷ٵǵм
ЩԲˮԳһ죬治ףѪôҲ͵֮С
õģҵģ໣һȻӶβЩɨȥǧ׷Χڵĺˮٷγһ˶УǱĺޣ˲Ϣʵ÷ǡ
ͷһҶĳ֣ʱ󾪣˭оĺܣûиܵκϢҶֱӴϮɱ˹ٶȿˡ
ͷ֣һ˿ЦǾһֱѰҵĿ꣡ǡ࣬ɱԳһࣿͷӺȻ˵
ҶüëһƣԷȻһϳǸˣҲܱˣΪʲôô϶Լһࣿ
㾹Ȼϳ࣬ңôϳģҶͷʵ
ͷаһԷûֶԸԼҲһ˿ᣬֻҪסһᣬȺ˸˾ˡ
뵽ЦȷǷǳ򵥵飬ϸûк޵ϢϢǺ޸ͬ˵ͷɫ䡣
βΪһ⣬·һٳͷӳ˹
һĻͷ˶һʱ֪Ҷֹͣ˵ֻԻԼɱͷ
һ޷뵽ļƻ
𣡡ɲǻΪһ޴ĺ󾨣ͬʱһȷŭſ־Ĵ𣬺ڷԲʮ֮ڶ˴ע
䣡
Ҫͷη壬ͷ󾨳ˮƽӣеĸֲβཻһȻԼƼ뿪
쾨ڽȫһȫٺˣҶһ˿пЦӶһԭֻһӰٶʵڿˣˮȻӦ·ʱ侲ֹһˮˡ
ʲôŽ˲һǰĽӰ쾨۾ɵùԲ
ȻʹٳˮƽӣȴҲҶһˡ
䣡·ըһѪըѵĴɳѪȾ׷Χ
ʵҶҲԾ˷ղǾһβȻûɱͷ쾨ҺԼк֡
˿ܽĺˮҶüͷ΢壬˼Ƭ̣˵ܿͻк޸ţߣЩͼԪͲҪȡˡ
ˣˡЦٵĳҶԱߣҡβҶһԾϡ
ˮаҶֱϷ߮ٶȿ㣬ܿγףٶȻ˲Զ˸ղŵƬ
һ·ϣһ׵Ӵɽ½ϵĳɽ룬ɽΡȻ˷죬ÿһߴףվͣΡ׳ۣΰɽй֮޲
ҶϥıϣһƬžʶʶڴڴ½ϵĲ֮ͬ
죬εȥҶŵ۾ͻȻں׼ٴ˵
ҶĻʲôҲûʣ߮ٶȿ磬ѸףֱӸ˺ϡ
Ȼ
ѾˣеĺҲ·еʲôֲ飬еĸһɨգոջǰ죬Ȼ䣬ձǳһ޴ĺڸա


927 ɽ
ĿȻϿգϴ󣬿ôƣ
ôƣҶ˵ĿЦãԼٰģҪǶȲȥⶫǻʱ̻ɢġ
ֻǾƶȻһ޴Уһ治ϵĴţգл㼯Ƭб㻯һɫ硣
٣ǵֺҲ˹һѵΧʲôĺҪɽ٣
һֹһЩ޹Ҷɽ١ҶűӣͷЦ
ʲô㣬٣ôãѵûжȹ٣㲻˵һ֮ڶô뿪ʥŴ½Ѳֹһ˰ɣеˣҶȻһûжȹٵİ벽ǿߡ
Ҫ֪ȹٵǿûȹٵİ벽ȫͬ磬ϴǿٿԵûȹٵİ벽ǿߣȻҶ֮ǰսôһǿնɱģ
ҶǴƾŰ벽ΪսʤշԼֻһɺϣټù˰ˣû뵽Ҷ԰벽Ϊһǿ࿹⡣
ǵѾҶͷٶĲ˼飬ҲòһʵˣΪҶӦַֿ߳ڶɹ٣ȴû룬ڲ
޴壬ڰ׶ĴԼԼĻðʱ׼һЩʶôͼҶȽٵĺޡ
ҶѾΪԼѵڿѾЩǱΧˣҪʱעΧĶѾ׼ӭˡ
ʱѾӵҶҴ⣬ʼˮһ͸ȫλƤΡ
˴󶯾һЩ޿϶֪ˮԳɱǿɾΣˡ
٣Ҷǵһξ˵лᷢЩʲô仯⣬ܵ˵ĴţָҪʧܣʱ򣬿Ҫ޶ˡ
ͬʱҲЩԹ٣ģ粻ƫƫҪʱˣⲻӵʹźô
٣ɣһɹȹģҶڴţͻȻ񾳽٣һ߶ʮһν£ÿߵס
䣡
һ޴죬Ҷͷľ׵磬·һҶ

Ҷ˲ԼһһâҶϲתγһɫĹ֣Ҷΰ
ԼΪߣķǿҲǿ˲٣ڽӦõסǰײ⡣
䣡
ɫ׵ҶĹ֮ϣ֮еĹ⻪תҲһȴӲǵֵס˵һףҶһĻһɡ
ɫƲϷţһɹǿѹҶҲľڶȻҪǿĶ࣬ԷܵסҶҲûˡ
䣡
һɫ׼ٴӸ߿£׺͵һȣӴִɫĹâӴۣɲǱѾ
ꡭ
׺Ȼݺݺըڷ֮ϣ÷γɵĹ֣Ȼ˲ѺۣҶʱ
䣡
һľ޴죬һɫִ缱ٴӽдһǰƣֱһͷ·Ҷ
ԡ
һߵ׺γɵĹȫɢˣԼˡ
Ʒӿ£¡¡粻ϣ߼Ƭ̣Ӵ
⣬⡭Ա߰Ҷػ״𾪿Ҷһε٣૵ãεƺԼϴζɽٵƴϲ٣ѵͬ˻ߺޣҲǲͬ
ʶȫɢǧ׷ΧڣȻٳ˱仯˿ǸкƻҶεĶɽ١
˿̣پʼһ䣬Ǿ޴ĽƾȻڰתϳһʱҲûף⣬׻ʲô̬٣
ʱҶҲˣжʱҲЩˣɴû˵˶ȽٳֵڶνôõģھȻε٣ֻЩ鷳ˡ
ţնȻһŤԭɫУȻŤɲȴǷתһ׳ޱȵɫ׵磬ڵƣݺݵĺٶ֮죬ʵڽ˾̾

һͺҶ𣬼뷨꣬ͬʱ䷨˫ںϺĻ֣׼ȷ˵⻤Ѿʵʻˣǡ콣¼еĻ֮
䣡
ҶһգȭγһⱣ֣ݺݵһ׵ȻҶȭͷ֮ϣֻǱϣ⼫˸Ȼ׵˳űֱж׵ȴǱҶȻӲס
Ҷ˳ȹ˳٣н٣պ˲٣΢һи
ҶȴϲɫڿʼҪˣҲΣյʱ̵ˣСĽʾȫע۲ܵ춯


928 
˺ܾãε׻ûнԶһƳԶƮһСƣ¹¼Ŀô֣ɫûκα仯ѵ
鲻Խش˸еҶǱߣǺޡ
ĻҶɫȻһ䡣
Ϊʶ˲ԶĺһͷͷˮԳʼ⼫ٷһۿȥͷʮͷˮԳٵıԵΧͣһֱӳҶԼϮ
ҶԴӽѪΧѾɱ˲ٵˮԳˮԳıҲթĺܣ˴˿̲ŷѡ
໡
޴ĺһͷͷˮԳϴӺ׳ԴԴһҶ㷢ѾгʮͷˮԳԼˣһ񾳽ˮԳ
үģˮԳһеĸֶɱɡ۾ԶϮˮԳкǽͻȻɫٴһ䣬ֱӱֿڵ̸ܣѪҲͽˣ
ԼˮԳܻγˣԼƾűƶԸһͷ񾳽ˮԳԣʮͷ񾳽ˮԳΧҲɫ䡣
ע⵽ڵĴҶ֪Լտھˣʱе죬ͷˣߡ
һڶսƣһ˵ͬյأͬ빲һһߡ
ҶͷһȣǰֻһﵨСû뵽Ȼ˹ģεգ빲Ȼ빲ˣأӵԼüأϡͿˣֵëۡ
ʱϽѾֹͣķǵˣѾ˶ߣҶվڰ֮ѹҡҡ׹ƲסΣĤҲ졣
֪׾Ҫˣæȵٲ߾ˣ졭ԥ쵰ؼʱôģˣ㣬
ϴô㲻ܣӦҶĿɨһԼһҶУʱεأתͿո£˲ʧ֮С
ߣܣӰʮ׷ͷˣǾͲûͻȻһ֮ɫˮԳ˳һ˿ɫ
ǣϣߵʮĻӱ˴˵ͷͬʱӸ߿֮Ծ£ֱӳ֮ɱȥ
˿̽ٴηһ죬Ǿۼ׵Խǿ׵֮ĵʱҲԽҶ֪Ѿǽ׵ˡ
λЦڶȽҶԭ㻹ûжɹ٣̫ˣѾаûгζˣ
λѪһ˵ˮԳһ˱նɱˣ棬ˮԳһȻѪҲһƬľ԰
ʮֺ澿Ǹʲôļһô󵨣նɱˮԳˣ˵֮ԼԴˮԳ嶨ºԼ׷ɱ˹
Ѿɹȹ˶ףǲǳûھȥˣһ׳΢΢Ѫ
Ѫڼʲô񾳽һףһαһνµȣһβθ˶ѡҿΣε٣֮һٴ˲٣ҪȹεףҲѣοʹɹס˵νµסڽϴһ˲䣬϶Ҳ֮ʱٻûϴһɲǣʱ֣ɱ׾١
Ӣǲǿ׼һˣһѪĻ󣬵
Ѫ΢΢ͷˣεѾˣȽ£һ׽Ϻ໹ţǱ繥һ
ǣһѪ֣ɫһӦ
βǺЩˮԳǿҲԴ
ˮԳѪʮ񼶵ĸΧסҶ޾ɫƽ֮ͷƹ
ΨһĻᣡҶкһ
ΨһĻҶʣµףǧ֮ˮԳһǷȻԼ٣ֻҪԼ˲ƭҲɽ֮ʱͻ޲
ҶõģϾƭܣֻڶɽٲõĵԺΣյĻϡ
֮ǰҶ͸Ӧһٵʵ˵ɽЩΣգȴڻҪֻǺ󱸣ȴû뵽Ҫʹ
ɲ˷֮УѪˮԳ׷ɱǰٲ룬Ҳûа취ˡ
뵽ԥȡٶһҪ죬׽µһ˲䣬͵ЩˮԳѪǿ·ʱʧȥɽٶӦЩһҲͬṥɣ
ԼֻһλᣬǷԼľٶһ˵Լǰ棬ĻԼ͸ܿĿˡ
ҲΪθղҶٻû֮ǰһֱûжԭ򡭡ΨһĻᣡ
䣡
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷһͷڣһѾӽдһ룬ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬һһٵߡǡǧһҵٰɣ
һ̣ЦȻˮԳһȥʱϵ׽ҲҶˮԳѪܲһ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
춯صıը֣ѪǱĳ˳ȥȴȻ׵羢
ʮˮԳѪĸֵ˳ȥߵЩܱεĺޣȻһ˲׺ըȫԱ
Ȼ췣Ǻֲܿ췣֮Ǻ֮
ңҶĶˮԳѪڵЩһֱвҶĴڣ췣ᣬô׷ŹЩһ
Щһĺ֮ǿֲ֮׳ԼϮ׼׷׽ԼԱЩΪЩĺ޵Լǰ棬ЩԼ˵ɵƵĺޣ֪ûлȥĿܣ׷ԱԼˣҲ˺ù
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
֮ǰ߹֮ɱըѪɵһʹˮԳѪЩǿɫ˲䡣
ףҴԼЩıըǼ˵Ŀֲ
Ѫʱ㱻ӴľУͬߵķݰ㣬ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
ϿգѪɫŤڵѪ̧ͷɨһΧֻĴֱۡɭ׵Ĺͷͷȡ
ɢ£ϿղҲ̶á
ٵĸͬıըľУټ峤Ϻ͸־ӢʱĨɱƬ״֮£ҶˮԳѪǿ߶ܵ˲Ԫˡ
ЩΪϵ͵ĺޣֱӲ֮УѪˮ˳źˮ͸˴󺣣һƬ棬ҲʬƮһƬѪȣŵĳʪ֮ռ䡣
ԼץҶֻ࣬һ飬ȴû뵽һ
ѪɫŤݺݵĶҶкⱩ࣬û뵽ٶô죬ȻԸǣ㾹ȻʹֶΣҾҪ
ߣҪС㣬㻹ǰ첻ǣٺ٣ܻܲ뿪һ⡣ȻԼղżƻɹˣһյ˲˼ĻرҶҲ޿ˣ
쵰ͷ˲гϣҲϣѪʱŭȵ
ٺ٣ԶپǶµȥɣ磬Ҷֱٳ콣ɱѪɾʱһλѪͻȻǰ
ߣԼҶһֻ÷λϡ
ܵǵλɫ䣬ˣֻһĲҽһѪɽⳤȴǺȻһأֱˡ
ѪԱߵļλǿ߶һ㶣׷ŭһҶ˹
ߣԶ۹ôҶͻȻٵתһ׼һ˹ȥУ
ҶȽʱɱңҲȥɣҶĴʱĴֱһ϶
һ϶ʱ󾪣еҡֻü˵ô֣㱻ͻأһ֮ϣֱӴ͸࣬۾һֱֱȥ
СٶȣΨһЩǿ߼к
ҲСĵ㣡ѪҲǼк쵰Ҫ޳ܵٶȣҹһѪѾŭˣһҶȻɱѪǿߡ
ǿ߰ɣСƶٶȼֱľˣѾ쿴Ӱˣ֮ʱһϢɢζʮֲʣµЩǿߣǵðȥæе
쵰ס죬ڻȥһʲôҸסѪЩǿߵĻ󣬵ŭͬʱʶڿƶҶһȵ࣬ɣ
ԼɱѪҶ۾΢΢𣬵Ȼ΢΢̣а̾һ磬ֱӡһٱȥ
ѪЩˮԳǿҶĲսŪþǲ첻ѣתۼ˹϶Ѿǿ֮ĩˣҪȻնɱԼĻᣬ׷ȥ
ǼɲǼ䣬չҶ˻һ⼫ٳǰϷȥѪһգۣҶȫʧˡ
ۼҶѾʧѪŭһ׹һһͷӴͨ캣޴ĺɫ۰͵淢ȫһˮˡ
йϺѪ۾͵ĹâվãҲ֪ʲôúŵͳغΪʲô׹ѵҲƭԣƭֻܰ쵽ǾԲӵеġ
벻ͨԭͻȻߵ࣬ӵҶҪɱ㣬ѩ֮ܡɫ֮ɫһһֱ뿪ԭĳˮԳЩǿҲæ׷
ʱæڱҶ

ҵʹȫҶ˻һⲻϳϷٷȥʩչǧֱȼԼһ㡣


929 
ǧоܵҪģҪԼɱ쵰ͲôʹˡҶҧֱ죬ȫǺɫ·Ҫ͸һ˫֮УѪɫĹâһһģȻѾ͵˼¡
˾ʹ۵ιȥˣκԼΪȹ٣壬궼֮ϴ
Լȫ¶һصţÿԼܲʱЩԼĲͻһˬҺ壬ʹԼõ⡣
Ϊ£ҶٳϷȥ
˰ɡҶ鴤ʹԼϱŷ˵ʹ治ܳܵġУܲˣǧ·ˡ
ҶֱԼе콣һʯк󣬱˫ۣģ˳ȻԶţγһ֣ȫʵʵһĽ˿ڤ״̬ٵϴͿˡ
ںʯС
أҶȫڿڤ֮УȴʱţȴһС
ʱƣҶٵϴ֮£Ҳʼ˱仯ȻȻĲһ˿ĸоƺΪһ壬ԼѾΪصһ֣Լܵصɣ顢Ʈݣء
㱼䣬Ҷ·ؽԼ࣬Լһ·ѣȻĬӦصл˿˿Уڲ֪УȻһȫµľ硣
ͻȻ䣬Ҷ۾оԼƺĳЩ仯ķ̶ҲߵһȫµĲΣʱϲЦǺǣԭ񾳽󣬾Ŀʼ벽Ĺ̾ǽԿס
ľͨжʱģһʱһԼڶڴ˰֮ãɵƶ
ԼǰӯӯĺˮҶ泩֮ʶһɨüͷ΢壬Ӧ֮Ѫʮ֮ŨԥƬ̣ʩչ۶ȥ
ںмٴʮʶҲ쵽ԶҶ׷ʲô£
ֻԼʶֵˮ򣬵ǲĴǺ㣬Ʈǣ⣬Ҳ̶ã⾰ǾһĴɱ
ҶѵһѪˮԳģҲԼͽŭȫйΧЩϣģҪѪˮԳҲ̫Ѫб˰ɣҶһţؼӿٶȣϱȥ
ļ죬ȻǺǰԼ龰࣬㣬޵֫洦ɼҶһ·ϸǿзëԼһ·ȻһҲûƬˮѾһƬ
ãã龰ҶҲһ˿ȻԼ⼸ں״У˵ҲǧˣǰȴһƬ龰Լ֮ǰĲ²Ǵˡ
𺣵ľѪֻҪеǼһҲȥѪˮԳ徹Ȼ纣꣬оٲ۲ΰߣǾԲΪҲԼɥ֮١
ƬһǷʲô˲ô£ʲô£ȻҶ֪Լȴ֪ƬˮѾǼ֮أԼʱɱ֮
ԼڵӦôˣǰԭ·أ
ǲˣˮԳһͲ޵ڵԼģԭ·ȥңԼһֱѰڤ֮£ҲǰڿֻкһģǰжգԼΨһߵͷˡ
Ѷ֮⽥ȥҶĿ̫ԣԼں¸·ЩЩСļǰȥ
һ·ϼ϶زˮʮһɽ֮ϣҶһںɽ뿪Ϣȫϵϲ١
ɽռز㣬Բֻǧȴʯȫɽ汻һƬ޴ʯǡ
ҶεɽףվɽԵһСɽͷһϢ䷨˫ͬʱתܿ;ӣƣ֮ɫȥ
Ҷʶȫչ鿴ƬˮʵȴͻȻɫһ䡭
ãк޿ҶŸɢʶһӷһͷӴĻͷԼʶӦֲֿƣҶȷ⻢ͷǾԵĸ֡
ɲǣͷıһ˳Ҷǰϴ΢ЦҶ´һ
٣Ȼһ࣬ûʵ״㻹˵ʱ˿˿Ĺâɫ۶Ϣ
ҶĺܣһʼǾ䡰ȻһࡱҶжǰ⺣޿ɱģ䲻Ѫ£ˮԳһİ֡
λǰҿ㹦Ҹ߳٣ӦҲһҲѪˮԳһǿ߾ʲôôȻ׷ɱôһСҶˡ
ҶʱҲûӣϾǧʹೢԹκҶҲеʹŪˣûʱ̣ԼܲûҪõĺá
ϾʹෲǾһεˣ;ԲҪڶΡ
ô˵ҼȻΪһƬʲôҵò𣬶ҾҪĶҲЩˮԳѪõĳġ˴Цȴ̺ŰˮԳһ壬ʲôô׷ɱ㣿˶ˮԳһǲм
ǰ˾ȻˮԳһİ֣Ҷ⣬Ϊʲô֪ԼˮԳһ飬ѵҶ˲뵽һֿܡ
ѪܲˣҶƽ
Ŷɰ࣬㻹ûеô޴𣿾Ȼô죬Ͳ³Ѫ֮ܲˡЦҿԺ׵ĸ㣬ɱ㣬ΪˮԳƨһС¡
ΪˮԳһ£Ҷˣһ˲ˣȻΪˮԳ£ԼⱩ纣ֻˮԳڳް˵ΪʲôɱԼģ
ˣɱԭǲ뵽ģȻҲܸ㣬ֻĿˡҶ۾èϷŪֿС
ҶһҲûֿУȻʵ벻ҪɱԼԭ򣬵ǾȻԷè׽ϷҲĺܣ˵ܴ˿еõһЩʲôˡ
ɱҵԭɺãǴģҲ³Ҫɱҵԭ͵δҡҶһȴ΢Ц˵
һһת󡰺ٺ١Ц淨øһϣǾ³ԭҲ
ӣģû˵ɱǰôµļһԼֻһ˵û뵽һﻹӦˣԼ˵ƺҲԼ
ã뵽ʱҶͻȻɫһ䡣
Ȼ
ߣĻʵ̫ˣѾе㲻ˣӦ֪ŭ˵ĺһֱƬˮ仰Ҷɫ䣬仰Ҳ΢΢üͷ
ģܺһе½ǻ쵰ǰһ״ֻȥˡ˵ţ磬˫йâһһѳǹֱӴҶǳǹϸɫâ
໣
ѾԼ͵һƶҶ˼ı仯
ȫһ˲ȫĹ壬ֱӴڤѨҶʱȫ񼤵ţŤΡ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷ𽥵˵֮ϵ·Ҳһ˲䣬ڼͿˡ
һ̣Ҷȴǳ࡭㡭״̬ǣϵؽɫںһ𣬻ͬɫһĶĸϡ
ҶͻȻ״̬һȣȻɫһʮռҵˣ
Сӣ㣬ռҵӵܣ˭纣ģ˵ͬʱҲͣ˶ҶĹվھҶʮ׵ĵطе㲻˼
ʵϣһ̵ˣһʮã״̬ȻʮռҵˣЩϲôͬԼɱĪǣԼҴˣЩϼһҪԼɱˣ
ֱҶǰһΣ֮ǵ񣬲óգûĴﵽ񾳽֮ǰðȻʹã»ʲô֢Ҷǰһֱûʹù
˶ɽٳɹǿߣȻûֹ˼ɣҶɹ󣬼ֹͣ˶ԼĽһĬĬվԼĶ棬һȵԼ
Ҷһ֮£Ѿоƺ֮Ĵη壬ʱһҲͣԼҪһ
ҵȻռ֮ˣռҵˣѵ㻹ࣿҸұֻ֤Ҫڸɱңʱ򣬱纣򣬽ѪɺӣҶڲ⣬˵һҲûԼȫ
Ҷô˵Ҳ侲һһٵĵѪɺӣٺ٣ռ֮ˣҲ˵ôռȻڴ½ǿޱȣڱ纣ҲĹذ£ȻӵܣֻҪӦұ㲻Ϊѣô
ͷڽ֮ʱͻȻ˵ôһҶое㾪ѽû뵽ռҵͷô죬ȻѪ
Ŷʲô˵ҶƯˮһȴʱ͵Ϯ׼ֻҪһлᣬͻȫһ
һңһռҵӵܣҪ֤ĵ
Ҷһ֣ҲѰ쵽ԼǡʵҴ٣֤Լݵֶλеģʵǵڶأ
ڶƬˮѾ˽ðȻ˽ǷĽɣ˸ҵɱ㣬ھȻ֪ӵܣҲɱ֡˵һǵɵģɺãҼ˾ǰԶˮֻҪȥһ棬ǰ˵һݣҲûʲôˡ˵֮Ǳ䡣
ȻҶһɫһ䣬ƬˮеĻﱻ𣬿Ǻйˣתָֻ˹ǰˮ򵽵׷ʲô£ôô涼


930 նɱ벽
Ҷʻüͷһƣеɻô㲻֪ǰˮʲôѵðΣմƬˮģ
Ҷ޹ĵͷڼŪʱСĸ͵ģƬˮʲô£治֪ܲ͸¶㣿
˵Ҷһϣˣﻹ֪ǰ淢ʲô£ȻΪ£Ƭˮеﶼˡ
ȻȴһȻ㲻֪Ǿ˵ǼҵݻҾ͸ܸˣˣѾôˣȥһɣ
쵰ְͦصѽԼ˵ô࣬ȻûԼҪ飬ԼĲȥѽҪˮԳѪϲϳԼǿʮ¡
ʱҶնɽٳɹǿǰǿʢôðյôȥֻƴˣһԼѾ˾裬ҿΪҲŰ벽񾳽磬ԼҲûлᡣ
ҪǲȥˣҶмȻ¶⣬Ҳ˵ʲôϻˣֻܿˣǵĶ˵һ䡣
㲻ȥҶĻػһ㶣漴Ӧ˹˵ѵʲô˵ĿĲɣȻȥ涼ȥǾͲҪҡ
κ˻δ䣬ͿҶͻȻһ֣Ŀعâ͸ĳһһ㣬ѾΪһ缱Լ˹
ߣСӻȻ֡˺ܷŭԼֻ̬СӸԼһˣû뵽СӾȻԼɱ֣ȻСԼǾͲܹԼˡ
֮򣡡
˴һ˶ˣͬʱеĳǹ𣬶ʱΪԭ㣬޾Ļ˳˷ȥգ۹׷Χڵˮ򣬾Ȼ˻硣
ɲǼ䣬Ҷһתĸоʮֵѹ֣֪ԼѾˣ벽еУҶѾս׼񲢲ҡ

ҶҲƶˣеΪӰ𺣼˹ȥÿһײƬռҲҡгһѵķ϶ֶˡ
ৣ
âһ͸һ⣬ƬյĿռâʢҶо·𱻽һ㣬ʵĻ⻯һ޴ĹֽˣһҲܶ޴ļѹ֮һϢС
벽ǿߵ£ѹ֣綼ѹԼҶ޴ɽƣҺԼ׼
¡¡һģĳǹƻռ䣬Ҷ̶ֱͬʱǹΧȻΧһʵʵĻ
ֿȥǼ档ʱ˿ǴĳǹͣҶܣƽĵ
ߣǧҶһâһ˾ȻʧƬ
ͬʱ
˵Ҷس֣е콣ҲͻأˣӳѪⱬ֣
ҶԼһҽУһұۻĳ˺ס
ɱϣ
һжɲǼ䣬мûκλ٣
̫ˣȻвδ쵽ʲôֱΣٽһֱܹɱ֮һұԶʧȥˡ
ҶһֱڵȴԼٶԭһӰһԼһʶӰľٶʹĸӵı棬ԻˣԼϡ
ԼŻ͵ϮµĻ֮һƬˮʹԼҲҰģеʵҶڵȵᱩѡ

۵ѪĺХһһҶȥ
ں޷ŭ˼㣬û뵽Լеĺ޷֮ˣȻӵٶȣһץסһݼŵĻᣬԼɱ֣
һɹҶ侲ޱȣг磬һƬѤõĹâûκԥɲǼնԼĻͷ
˻һֻգ֮䣬˱һͷﵽʮɵľ޴󻢾һɹŨҵĺ޿֮ڱųŽסŨ֮âĿȴ⻢۾
޻ĶҶɫԲͫͬҹо޴䣬ŰɫƬľ޴ʱڶһ£Хˮ
ĸһ޴˿ڣ·ĳǿ˺һѪ˿ڴк䵽ˮУʹ֮һƬˮ򶼱˺ɫ
޻ſѪڣиʴԵˮӿ˳ˮҲøʴ졣
ŭɣбԹȫ
ǰԼΪûһвСӣȻһԪܵ˾޴ĴˣʵΪһ
ţһٶȣȻܹ֪ľͳ󣬶һ벽񼶵ĺ˵ֱͲ飡
ٵ¿еĳ࣬޲ýҧ飬̽ܺԼԿһΣȵԼָ֮󣬲ܿһΡ
ۿҪĳҪ嵽ǰͷͻȻŤһ壬޴Ļβͷȥ
ҶһˮţͷĹһһɿ͵̩ͬɽѹһѹ
ҶæˮһȻߵ˹ȥ
䡱һ죬޻βͣҶ߲س·ɽ֮ϡ
Ƭɽ¶ʯѵĺεľͬˮ䡣
һУ޻ûиҶκδϢĻᣬ̿ʼеڶĹ
ſѪڣʮִĻͬһСһŵĻ˻ţצҶ˹ȥƾˣ
ž޻͵ĹƣҶûбֳκεĵӣܳŵػ˽Ļһһ飬ȻѰŽĻᡣ
޻ѾشΪȻͣȴǱ֮һּ˲٣˵ԼµʱҲٿһΣѾܶԼвˡ
ԼҪģǾնɱͷȻ󣬼ٵ뿪ϾǰԶͬҪЩһ˹Լĵú˵ټˡ
𣡡
ͷѪţðһźڹ⣬һεҶֻеԼҪһѩ׷˲䳯Ҷ˺ҧ˹ͬʱͷβȻʮȵԲΣҲݺݵسҶ壬ģôô̬Ҷոմ߶ȫʹɱ֣û뵽ͷȻҵĹԼҪûܣͱβ˸ţٶ֮죬ֱûзӦء
죡ҶȫðһŽ⣬γɵĹֳҺҶﵽ񾳽ŷķ̶Ҳ˲٣ȻҪ֮ǰһ飬Լ㲻ҲҪˡ
ܴ벽񾳽һʵȻǿԼ˳ˣȻܷôǿƵĹ
ǧƣҶ룬վκæԼ̲صǿһ˳ȥâһԼʧԭء
ͷҶʩչ֮ǰԼʽ΢΢Ҳһ㶣ȻͿҶһѳͻȻԼ棬ʱһڣӭ˹Ȼ⻢ͷֻǸոһͲɴ
쵰ɡ׷
ϧ˵˼֣ͷϵˮһ仯һͻȻ⻢ͷͷԭͷӭȥǸҶһУ꣡꣡ܲѹʧ
ⳤͨڹֱ֣һֻҲ˳ͷ÷ϣˣ֮ͰԼ˻ָ˸顣
꣡
ڻͷûüӦ֮ʣûκ谭佫һʮĻͷ̳һһ㡣
𣡡
һСĻͷӰð˳ȴǻͷ귢˾޴Ҫ彫ȥйһξҶôֵ᷸ͼĴ
ֻû뵽ﵽ벽񾳽꾹Ȼͬ񾳽ҲѾˣϴԼɱͷˮԳ껹ֻһѣû뵽ֻһ㾳磬ĲྐྵȻô
콣Ǹ߸𣬼ٵתȵγһ⽣ȻӳһǿҵĽˮ
͡һ죬СĻͷӰϣͷӰһĲҽк󣬼ϸ΢غͳޡ
һɺҶȴе㲻˼֮УղŲŵòһĻͷôɢһ㡣
ҶĿԼе콣˼һʹóǧֻԭذ׹һ˸Ƭ֮һˮҶƾֳ
콣û뵽߽ϣȻʹԼ˲ơ߽ϵúҶĴЦ
ֱһҶŴ˷侲һοһеͷ׷һ˲ʧ
Ҷ૵û뵽׷Ȼһ벽ǿ߶ʧûлͷһ˲ʧԼҪɱ治׵£Լǰ콣γ˽׷սǶǴأ
ţˣ±бף׷ܻǲҪ֪ĺã˶֪Լһ׷ʱ鷳Ҷ˿Դ
ףô£ڿҶͻȻüͷһ忴ԼԱߵĺˮһɻͷһˮͻȻһɹɾĻ꾫ɻ꾫Ͼͻ۵һͻȻâһһڵǹɻ꾫֮ҶҶ⸱壬ɫȴǴһ㡣
ԹԣǿȻûԼ콣ôǿҲӦһؽ׶ķҿ״ӦǷεķ
һôûٺ٣ΪʲôûˣûǸãСүװ׼˸ˣҪˣСүҿûǸ⻢ͷĻɢ
棡ʲôҶ漴ǻͷԱ߳һɫĴӣ治֪ʲôһͷ
ɫĴӣҲǰƴСʮɣ·ûһ㣬˿飬֪ʲôƳɣһɫ˿ϵס˸ס
ҶСĵĽ⿪˿ߣһѶð˳޺ˣħԪ飬潣ꪣͭһЩǷ
мƷˮɣһ߶ߵĴƿӳ˲ٵ󷨽ƣװɫҺ壬Ҷϸһ֮£ʱһɫҺѵȫҺɫҺԼҺһģһֻڴϺôһ㡣һǲ񰡣ҶЩԼҰٸпʲôâһ֣ͬǽɫĴһͬյԼС


931 ͷʾ
սЩռ֮һĿռ䣬ЩһǳεķЩʲôʯһЩ߼ޣ޵޺ˡԪ飬ⶼЩֵǵĶÿһŵȥҪôԴ
û뵽һĶֵʹˣǵϳжٱԼҪʵǲҪһЩһ⣬ЩҲԲԼģҶǸЩǿıˣԼеЩ¶⻢ͷѹģԼռռǧ꣬ӵС
ؽ׷磬ɲһǿԼѾ״ﵽ񾳽磬ıǿȫϣȻûһΣա
ģɱѪˣô౦Ѫ֪ˣСүܻ׷ɱˣУøϽ뿪ЩҶһ뿪Σ֮ء
һɽŲ£ͻȻԡһҶͬһֱӴһʯд˳
˿̵Ҷ״̬ǰδеĺãʩչǧӰѾȫҴ˿ҶѾǼˣͬʱļؽ׵Ĺ
ҶֱĶҶǴֻ٣ǻֻ࣬Լ֮ѾʼԲˣҶҲòͣˡ
һԶҶ۾оĴڣԼһ꽻ҶҶƾ˸оĴڣȴܸоҶĴڡ
ҶһֱΪһͬ߰ĹܣΪʱϾԼһ⹦л濴ʲôʵ;ȴû뵽ܻϴóˣʱҶҲɲò̾Ǵھе
ˮԳѪһֱ׷ɱԼټԼɱ˸ѪܲˣƬǴ粽УԼûͬ£⺣̫İˣҪľҵȻһ취뿪
ҶĺܣԼһĻУԼҪСССģֻҪԼ΢⣬͵ס
Ҷʶɢ̽һܵĻоûʲôΣպֱӻһ⣬ֱӳϷйȥ
Ǹոշ˲ãҶͻȻɫһ䡭
Ȼ
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죬÷Բɽһ𶶶Ҷɽ֮ϵĺˮ֮УȻɽͶ
Զһ޴ɽź¡ľ챬ˮ֮һ磬ӴĳڷԲĺ֮ͳһ͵С
СķԲмĶЩг˷ɢеĳҶ߾ĳҶһǰ澿ʲô飿
оҶòеɻ˫΢΢һ̧ǰҲһͬСУײʧΡ
һĲҽӼԶĺҶһɫӰһϣ漴ǺƷ˲˰УһɢָֻһƬֹӡ
ˣóֵ˶ѾȫɱˣƬĺҲɾˣټϱļҲˣ⺣ɾҲʱˣһźĺˮҶĶ䡣
һˣǺޣΪҶо֮Ӵѹľ
ãǾͿɾɡСҾȡȴ˵̫֮ͣҶʵڸ̫Զ϶϶ô֡
˲á
䣡һ𡭡
ʱ򣬿µȻǰƵһ׹һ⣬һжʧȥɫʣ·˺׿ռ䣬ɲǼҶǰ
Ҷû÷Ӧ䣬ƬâѾҶƬˮ
ͻ䣬ҶһϢĸо̫ͻȻˣԼʲô׼ûüѾʧȥежЩâʵ̫ˣԼԼͺʱ侲ֹһ㡣
ƬâֺɲһƬţжʯˣҶҲֻܴĿˮ硣
ʱƬ̣ͻȻڼԶ֮˶Ģ״Ĳɫƶ䣬תʱƣǲɫƶоȻһ֮ҶԵһЩʯ뺣ֲ׷ǲɫŷȥ
ֿһҶ֮ȷԽԽˣԼѾҪֿסˣڲɫƶһתٺҶҲûȥ
Խǰ棬зԽ󣬵Ҷ֮¾Ȼһ⣬ֱӳǲȥ
ڸոսһ˲䣬ҶȻƵܣȻʮʮǿϼһڵֿƲʷк淢һˣϴˮԳ֮еĺԳҲȻС
Գ棬ҶһæıϵϢòһϵϢѹպõ𶥷徳ӡ
ʮȻҲҶ֮ͣڿҶһ˲䣬ʮ˵ŭڣҶ⣬ģԼô˵ҲܺˣӶûŭЩϲŭë
̫޳ˣǸŵˣѵƻԼ𣿡
ģôƬѪģô֣
ݵľͻȻ֮ˣǲ㰲ŵģ
ǲǻ̫ãԴ͸ˣӾҲҸôС˽ȥɣ
ˣҪˣһССѣΣķȥˣҲã
㡭
ҶڽƺԺЩϲԼ֮͵̸С֣ҶпЦѣģԼ֣ȻЩϲУšС֡
Ҳã˵Լİ벽װǳɹ
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淢һڿٵʧ󣬽ƣȷ޾ľ֣һʧˡ
꣡Ӳ𣬶ȻҶǰռ䶼Ҷ鲻Խ۾
Ҷ۾һʱһ
ʲôط
Ҷǰһɫԣҫ۵ķӳԼϣ״Ĺ۲ϵ»ζԵʮ
Ⲩĺ棬ĿѣԣεˮɫУ಻֪СͷΣϿջһЩ֪ţö泩
ںΧ˴֦ҶïܣмдɫʻʢСз衣
ǿŨ֮ʹҶһʪµĸо棬˺Ҫ˷Ʈȥһ
˾벻֮¾ȻһĿռ䣬滹ô޴ĺСǵ׹ʲôģôôǿңҶ޷ֱǵ׹⣬Լ˿ռʱеۣ׹ԭ
εĴ֮ߡ
ͣƬ̣ҶӸплָ˹Ȼʼ̧ȥ
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ռһζҶЩվȵĸоͬʱҲһǿҵİ׹Ҷֱһ۾
ָоȻƬ̼䣬ʧˡ
۵ʱԼȻѾվһߵĻĮԵĮӴ󣬴ŷԲﷶΧһ޼ʵĺˮǰȴһƬ޴ïɫɭ֡
ɭȻɫģȴǸǴһɭֲĸоָоһֳŰѹʲôʮֲõ鼴
ɫҶɫĺˮⱾӦ˸еʵľɫڸҶĸоȴֻĸݡΣķûҶеһǿҵΣС
ҶҵһʱͿʼ˼𻷾ͬĿʹԼ⡣
ڴ˿̡
һɫ°ɫεɫɫĹ⻪ͻȻӰ֮˳âƤۣҶΧʮﷶΧȫ

ֻɢĹ⻪ȻΪһɵ⣬⿪ʼ䶯ֱӻΪһž޴òò뷢԰סݺͰߡ
ƬԼʱ̸еΣĵطͻȻһȫγɵҶɴ󾪣㣬˭
ҺõСһãǵһνռ䣬ԶƣӰʱ벻Ҫеѽĳֻ֣ΪЩռĽ⡣Ҳʲô⣬ΪڳֵֻһӰ񣬾ֻһ˵ãˣҲܻش㡣Ǳ纣ĵһ֮УڽطʵģǰǸطֻγɵһþÿǧԶһΣȴԵ˵Ľ롣γɵĿռ䣬ҳΪξһ֮ﻹһЩ˿ܻЩﻹһѵĵ죬һֲÿǧͻῪһΣĹʵΪֿԳ֮ΪѵһԨ֮Уںδʲôػ顣ţܵ˵ֻԼֵֹЧƲ⣬ֹʵӦûһЩ湦Чǵ뿪˵أûжֹʵһоˡΪʵӵЧŹʵĲժѶȣʮֵĴȰ㣬ʵòҪǿŹӵ⣬ѵռ仹кڤɳħˮжĪΣռУҪסĸ֡ˣڿʼжˡ
˵꣬ʱӰͬˮһȻ޵ӣʧ
ˣҲ٣ϼһطͲིܶ㰡ҶĿɿڴЩɢĹ㣬ʮơ
ǰϷһİ򣬻ŵͼˣϲȻͶ̶̼ʮֵĿͷ˵һ˵ò岻ģҲ̫˰ɣ
ߵӰȫҡҡͷҶԳЦһ£ʰһ飬ԼʶŵƬԼʱ̸еΣյ̽
ϼһ˵һγɵĿռ䣬Ҫĸ֡ʲô˼Ҷлǡɻʶ̽һƺûκ쳣ŷĵɭȥ
Ƭһ޼ʵĴ󺣣Ҷ붼ûͽ֮ųԼг֮ˣԼЩһֱˮжȹģֻҪһˮҶʮֵķС


932 
Ҷɭ˰ʱѾɭڲˣʱеһǿҵΣУȫĶð˿˿⣬Ҷ룬һٻ˳ͬʱҲС
ȻܳһȺȮޣȻЩ޵ʵǿ󣬴𾳽ңôһȺΧĻһֻ»һΣա
ҶԼڽǧϣʹԼ˲֮ЩС͸ҶˣΪЩͼ޾ٶ࣬ԼٶȣҲǰ״
Ҷ־콣ͬʱǧʩչֻǰÿһͷ޵ǰһҶֻǰڵƲһһͬģǾÿһͷ޵ͷ϶һ콣
һᣬͨһ̵ֻֻ˵ϣ֫鴤˼º󣬾һҲˣܿͽЩͻɱ˸ɸɾ
Դϴ뻢ͷսʩչһε˲ƶ֮ҶͶͻɱеķʽˣǧʱеʹֻ࣬Ҫʩչʱ䲻ǺܳҶܵġ
ΪڳԽٵĸƶ֮£콣ٱͬʱָ֮УҲΨֽЧɱá
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˵ʵָ֮£Լ콣һķԼ˲ʩչͳֱܲըɡ
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Ҷصüͷ૵ʲôɭ֣ôãȻûԼӦĵطѵԼĸӦˣ
۾Ժ֮УһƬǱۣȴۿĻҪʶ͸һƬɭڣȷԼĸӦûҶٴǰɱȥ
һǰɱ󣬶кһŭ֮˾һ𷢳Ҷ̧ͷĿֱǰĸɽǰȥδôһ£оǰǴɵĸɽͻȻҡ͵ض𣬷ա
һƬӴӰббҶ˶ˣһæ̧ȥ˫ĿôģԼˡ
ǰԶһͷɵĶħһֻǲĸɽ»ţһֻŶëؿڣֱУܣ£ٵ뺣ޣŸֲͬķΣμΧǶħ·׷ţʱʱķһй
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ħӦػʲôҪŻὫЩһﶼͳͳػĶҲǼ󣬲ȻͲʲôǿ߾ˡ
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Ƕħһƽĵ죬ͬϷһһƤȻôΧֻʹˣȴҲԡ
һŭţһʹеľ޴ɽ壬ɨ֮Ƭ£һӲ̫ħԳĽºܡ
ȣ·һЩҲΪĺ޾ԵһĵâԪغϣңңĹͷϷ죬ȴûκε˺ۡ
Ҷͷħܵǿ֮Ҳզࡣ
𣡡
ħڱŭȻһ𣬴ǰʮͷʥڵḻ́˳ϣؿݣҽһߵķԶԶ˿ȥ屻ǹǿ˳ز֮С
໣
һͷ˦ֽеľ޴ɽԶԶվģԶ̹һȥɽɽ֮࣬ɽ岢£µɽħܰԵ
ˣȻƿɽ壬ȴҲҴԭأһϿС
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ãħܻ˰֣ҺǳԼģҶд󺧣񣬾ȻܷԼڣһл˰֡
Ҷɲⳡ·Уͷһ˲䣬ѳɶ󣬿ֻȴǽ׷ᣬҶΪܿܰ
ɽһᣬͷԼˣһĺףڰ֮УҶεתۣأֻβ󣬻ʱʱצóгҶ
Լֻ֣аͷëЩ뺣ȥԸˣ뵽Цһ£һȻȥ
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һ󡰶֮ڶǽǿ׶ʯݱϣȴͬھ֮һ㣬޷Ƥ
¿ҶĿɿڴˣþ׶ǷߣԼ治ܴˣͷûתꡣ
δˣȴмŭҳһȣһĪͻȻҶǰûüκηӦֻá䡱һǵصĺؿڡ
ҡһ֮಻ĴҶдӱܸ䣬ǵϴŵľǿصĺһ޷ɽ֮ڡ
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ҶֱһȻû£ݵҲһ˿죬Ϸķ⣬׹ðֱĳҶ˹
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Ҳ֣ۼҶâϮͻȻֽһ˫΢£һȣʱ˫֮УٸữΪһƿҶĻӳâһ
ҶĽâ׷СЩâͬж׷ϡ
ɾʱž͡һ
ݱڱزɫͻȻſҲͻȻ˫һţдĳӿʻ״䣬ۿڷ֮ʡ
ҶȻ콣һգǲһӰʧ
ʱֻֻǰͻȻ֮ӰһһִİâХ֮֮ڣͻȻһ֪ãѾˡ
䣡
һںڵؾ޽תţšСƿ֮ؿżڿеŵ˶أ࣬һѽǺصʯɽϡ
һҲֻǶסѣûҪ
ҶҪ˽ͷëʱͻȻüͷһ壬תȥ
ֻǴʱЩͻȻ˳һźħһĺڴ󶴷ĳȥǶ󣬵ȴӲħӴס˴
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Ȼ߱Ҷħܾ׹һұһӣɳܱһһ㣬ݺݵҶȥ׹¶ƺһҪҶ
СүһŭȣҶ콣ٻӶһ֮ɫĻ֮£һħܾľȥܱ΢΢һƫָǷ϶֮һ
ʱһ죬ֻоһۣҶĽŲ΢΢һ٣ͷҴɨһۣĹħܷģЩħܵĺ๲ͬġ
Ҷһ˿ݣЩ쵰Լûãħܵ棬ñ֮£ȻҲԼñΪ飬Ϊȫ
ɾƽʱָȫɲмһˣķĹ˵ЩȻûӲζһ¡
ʲôҶصģȻ˲ŵʱʱΪЩһһˣҶֻٴӲħһԼ֮Ӧûܵˡ
ȫ˼ħһȭΪᱦյĿģһٺ˫΢΢һ棬֮һ㣬ǰȥ
¡ڴʱҶֻһӴľԼϣ˿ֲǳֱɨʮ֮Զ֪ǲɺϣɾȻɽɨĺڴ֮С
ģȻǿ߶ܲˡһѪԿ³һ¹ѾҶˣȻǺأҲԿħܵĿֲ֮
Ȼ˶Ҷ˿飬΢΢һƣȥ˶֮ǰ϶ˣŪãܻҪɱ˶ᱦˡ
뵽Ҷʼ˼һ룬ӦʲôӦ飬Ķͨûз򣬲Һ󶴾ֻһ·ñϷ


933 Ѿͷ
һֱߵףħر֮ˣ˰У·һڶ߹һص׺ºҶͣһᣬûʲô쳣Ȼ󣬴º֮ʱҶͻȻüͷһ塣
Ȼһƿ֮ͬʱӰһѳߺڰźպսâв
ЩһַǳҺҶԤУˣԭػ콣ϡɳĹâ˵ˣһˡ
ɾʱغڰʮӰʥϵĸ֣ǿ߸塢ȴ࣬ҲкޣһһӣЩӰҶΧ
ЩȻ·񣡡Ȼ죬ҶֽȻ塣
ߣܻ׽ãܻ׽ͲҪˣʱһίĽͻȻƾմ
ЩΧҶǿ߱ѴĹͣ˰УǲҲͣΪȵǵĶͷ˾
ҶһʹĵĲƾճֵŮǰЩһȨƣίʵЩϤĸо
ΧҶЩǿߣеһ߼߿ֵС浽׽ˣͷ׷߰ߣӥĿ磬ƣߡ
㵱ڿЦôһȣԽԽһ˽Ų
Ҷ̧ͷŷȥһ۶ʱֱˣһҲֻ֮ڰһŮֻһİɫȹ
Ȼ˿ǺڰȻ͸֬ķ壬ģȻɵķϣһأŵͬһʢƺϵİ
ͻȻλ׵ŮҶϾͻعͬʱűӿЦôֺѾͷˣԩ·խ
˲Ҷ˸ˮ˭ûȻҲξģξôȴƫƫһⲻò˵ǡԩ·խ
ǸͷҶˮѾͷɫٱ䣬ŭȵūģ㵨ҶҼС񣡡˫ƽǰ΢ͻȻһҶ˹
˭֪̺ĹµģҲǿҵģͷһĳҸеһƵѹΪﵽһ̺һ֮С
ҶɨǸͷһۣ콣˫һƣһݣƱŷأһ죬Ҷ΢΢һΣ˫һӰ磬Ļȥ
ͷ͡ȡһۡһѪӵʮɣסһغϣԶԷѪǰʧܡ
ˮü壬²û뵽Ϊ־ˣ·Ӳˣʶ࣬͹Թ־ܣС㻹ɷһ·
־ܣѾͷ˵óڣҶЦĪ˵ΣϴӵҲҰɣ
ϴȷʵҲôǿΧҶˮΪԷģ֪һ䲻ãʱȻŭ׵
Ѿģǹϴμ棬˵ʲôϲ鰡ģȴֱҪˣҶոնɹ٣ټϽ֮ǰɱ˸벽񾳽ĸ֣ȻɱģҲʹĿǰ
һʱ֮䣬ûЩһУƴɱľεȷḻȷ֮οҹѣˮſڣ˴ЩΧȺߡġ
һʱ֮䣬ͬȺˣصأҽвѡ
ֱ̬Ĵ򷨣һʱӣȴֲΥˮλӵֻúƴˡ
Ҷѣһ飬Ⱥսʩչ仯콣ڴ󿪴Уٿˣʱ߷׷׵أһɱõ˶ᣬš
ˮĴ£ӲͷƤһһнȥûһˣȴʧȥ
תֻʣ»ˮǰǶǿߡ
ǲӦ˵ЩʲôأҶЦһ˫ǵĿâˮϣǰָһһȶسˮǶǿȥ
ˮ뵽²ΪȻǿô࣬ϴμ֮ʱͬʱǿߣҪƴȫǿӦԣȻһŵʮʥϵǿߣиǰǿߺ󣬾һ¡
дҶǹͬʱҲ΢΢Щëһָʹ½Լȴȥɲ䵽Ҷˣϴ䵽Уթȥˮ鵤λ֪ʲôݵҪ
ҶĿϷŹǰһȥһǿ̽ϡһ𴦣ǿ߾˴ϣݺݷԶ֪ξˡ
ʣµǸͷʧɫȻ֮ǰҶһ˺ˮ֪ҶĶ֣ҧѳл
С϶ͦĵģҶûһŽӰǰ
϶ΪƴãƾһϲҪǿطԷصиɻǰط֮ƣʹ·ӵĸо
С϶ɢҪ齣˺˭֪ʱҶĽâͻȻǣҽһУС϶Ѫˡ
ٺ٣Ҫǿͦĵķϣƾ֮ǰǾ仰СүҪĹ飬ҶһֱſʼͷūġˣҶ˾ʧʱƵ˻ˮȥ
ˮ·ӣҲֻӲͷƤ̽ҶģЦһӳһֻһ
ˮгɣײһʯڣѪɫȵô
֮ǰ˵Ҫ㣬ᵽҪôߣǺЦҶɭɫΪԼС˲ܷŹˡбָԼͷʹѵѾͷ
ˮ壬Ҳ΢΢һ£ųɱ𣿡Ȼô˵ȴʼ鶯Ҷ
Ҷһ鶼ûУ鱦
⻰ˮǿ޳Ҫ֪ˣ𣡡
Ҷ⣺˿Ҳ˵ѣҲûеõеı뵽ͻȻ΢΢һЦˮС㣬㲻ҸɱƫҪäһֻ۾ȻϻҲš
ˮЦֱζʵ֮ЩüŭĿĺޣĺڱеҪʲô˵
ȻҶбָЦҪȥѰⶴеı
ٺ٣ԭңҶĻˮͻȻһЦһЦЦҶȫֵأɦΪʲôҪȥ
벻㻹ʲôüֵ
Ϲôôһˣ㾹ȻƲֵΣЦĿˣ÷ѵǸľͷһҲܷŹ
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Ҷս˫һţͬϡ
ˮȻЦȴнָҶһȥܽΪĽͬʱҲԼòҶ˶ֵˣ䣬˭ֵܵˡ
ͻȻЦϱ˾֣Ķָؾʹһֹ
ٺ٣󹦸ɣ׸Ҷȴ˸ʵʵһ¡
ˮԼӹһͷеˣһȫˣ˵治ˣôԴִˣ˲Ǻɫôôһûˡ
СѾͷСүǰˣ㻹Ҷ˵ţѹˮϣҪ˺·
ˮͻȻ뵯ȡָҪѹϵɫˤ͵ȴʹһ㹦ȫģͷƺˡ
ˮ鸮λСֻƾɫǰڲˣһ̣ǲ֪ӦÿޣӦЦˡ
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֪ˮȴЦã˵úã룬Ҳˣˣھʹⶴ鱦תһ˲䣬˭Ҳû˲ɷףһڵҧˡ
ӦˣҶҲʲôڸУǰͻȻһƽܳһηΧڣʲôͻĶƬĲԭϣԴݻƵҰݡ
ҰܲȵƬƽԭϣҰ֮䣬һÿŤĹһ붼¶ڵر
ˮҶ߹Ƭƽԭһɽǰ˽ȥǿ磬صȥ
ǰִƬĺ⣬ǶʮԶ˵ϡ
ܴһۣǰһУҶһǵܶܶԶԶ󣬳ӴһɸߣʮҲΧ£ľ޴ʯţۻ׳ۡ
Щܶڵľʯܰص֧ųһƬ磬ܵĺֹǧ֮أ⣬ܶĶϣļľʯľһʮɳ
ҶͷȥȻķ֣Ǵʱǲһбľ޴ʯģɻĵطܲʲô
ˮҲ֪ʱҶе뷨ƾԾʯܶ룬ǰһָҪҵ鱦
Ҷ΢΢һ˳ָ÷ȥֻһҫ۵ĺɫҽУһûľУûɫľ֮ϣһ֮ͨ
Ϊʲô˵һԣΪ١Ҷ廨ÿΣһһŮͷȫŮӵ鷿ӵ˸Ͼߣϻɿëһ˫Ů
Ҷ棬룺仹ûֹҲ֪ﳤ˼ټǧ꣬ģҪ˵ӣϹֻҲûм


934 
΢΢һҶͻȻͷʲô
һǧſһΣˮҶһۣû˿ԥ
ҲϤҶ±ӣ΢΢Щɵ
ˮһۣŽˮ鸮ˮ鵤ҪֹʵҲֻҪ鼮ϿҲǵһοʵˣ
ԭˮ鵤Ҷжʱϲѣˮ鵤ˮ鸮֮纣һң޷ֺţл飬ҲֻҪˮ鸮˲֪ٺ٣οҪСүˣ
Ҷ۳ȵĿеĹӣ䣬ȽժԼΪ뵽һΣǿû˹ȥ
ҶľٶˮͻȻһ˿ĪЦ⣬Ҷժȡ֮ʱ
Ȼһֱֱͨ˹
Ҷһժֻܹд̾ϧֻһ㣬Ҫˣ޲ý͵ϮԼǻ쵰ң
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ͻȻֵĻ֣ҶʲôҲû˵

һԽĽ콣Ȼһ罣˹ȥǻǲĹУɫһһ³䣡һҶնĽ壬ͬʱ
Сˣǻڳ࣬ųһҽð𣬱ҽʾ¶ŻһӣҶ˹
ƣҶҲ˿ҵȫ߶콣Ҳǿһӭȥ
䣡
һ죬һƬڰ֮У£Ψõĺڰʱһ̣·ͣһ㣬ǺڰһĿĹâɵ֮˻գԵ
꣡
صĺڰɲǼȥָֻ⣬׹ֵϥڵأϻ׳һܵѷ죬ؿڳһ޴齣ۣϳ
꣡
ȫţվһɹӿͬʱԭ֧ȫȨҲվԼٶ
Ҷüͷ΢΢콣ȻջأһȻûˣҲȫѪһ󣬲ƽƬ̣૵磬ҪɱػĻ֣»治Ǽ׵顭
⻹ǽǿ֮ȫһһûɱͬǿߣֵǿߣǸ콣һ
ҶҲһΪǿ콣Ҳǿһɱģȴû뵽ĽսپҶ΢΢üܵٻָʵˣһЩŹ֡
ҶһۿֱʵҲλ붥֮䣬ʵ콣ȫһӦԽɱϵЩʯȴһȫգֻһûǻֵڡ
ǿվľʱøѿҺܺ棬һ㵽׿ԷٴΣ
ҶЦԾ֪ˣ԰գһȥ
ɫһ䣬ͻȻֱɢȻĻ棬ҶһУȻ콣֮룬תۼ䣬翵Ļֺ£ػóǸ֡
㻹˻ȥɣػҵʹκ˲ÿ»ңǲ֮ɱҵġ䶢Ҷµ
֮ҶЦҡҡͷź£;ϣ
ߣǾƲԳԷƣȻһһ̤£һִҽӵ±ųΪһƬҶ
ҶɫƽĿǾˮӣҽ಻ʱͻȻ֣һǵɿҽ㶨ڿУָһҽ㻯Ϊһ״ء
ɼͬʱһȴҽ֮һִĻ쳤ꪴҽҶǻŵϸ磬ǹһΣǵҶǰ
Ҷ֣ͻȻѸƽȥȵСѾͷңԭһֱûжˮҶֽ֮ʣǱǿûԱߡ
Ҷִû֮ʣͻȻ֣˫öǬС
Ҷ֮ǰʹթϱ˽ƣȫ֮ܶ˿Ҳ½ƺϸһȷ
һֱûŸ˷ĵƴˮû߻
ڶȻһĻ֪ԼˮǹʹˣѾͷϿ϶ƽƵʲôȻԲƾԼʵôͳԼϵĽơ
뵽ԼˮϷŪˣҶҲеĸоˡ
ʱѵֵˮͻȻҶЦӣΪСôôǺǣ򣬱СҲ԰գҲҶı飬Ӱһǳܶ
Ҷȥ׷ϣŻֳԼһꪣֲòʱ˱ܣһһ֮ʱˮѾܵӰûˣһŭûطɨǻһۣû˵


935 
ߣѾͷͦµģ·ǻ̧ͷЦϧŮȻˣдļһ
˵ţǻȻһţ׳ƵٶȲնҶ
ѵģСүҶȻһȣ֮е콣ͻȻĹâͬʱǻеĻҲһõĹ⻪
ǰĹ⻪ƿնգΪذĽգۼ
䣡
շǻҶһһڵӿ䣬ǿҶ׷һûܵĻᣬֱӱ˵С
꣡
ְûز֮Уֻһͷֱֻ¶ڵϣһ޴ѷΪģ˷չȥγ״
ɨǻһָۣ΢΢һ콣һУǻִõͷ­Ϲ䣬һѪ֮ߡ
ڣһ
ϵĻͻȻ壬ͷ­׻ΪһҺ̬ף֮ȥ
ҶɲĿЩףĿ¶˼飬Ƭ̺һȡһֻƿЩҺ̬ĻСװС
Ȼ֪Щʲôر֮͵һ񶥷ǿһ㣬ҲӦŲ˼;ˣ˵ˮȡˡ
Ҷƴһֶܲܿɡ
Щպúʶһɨĵ﷢Щʲôβң˵سǿûҲûֵעĵطˡ
ز£ҽߵ𽣬ܶһ齹ڵѷ죬ѷխпѷ£ǹҽʣżмرðŨỤֱ̃Ͽա
Ҷǿûɨ˼ۣߣֲֻҪһ뿪滷ͻѸٿήвʣ֡ɱȡ¼ҶҲɵȥ
̾Ϣһֻ뿪ֻȥطܲҵöˮѾͷ̫ˣԼôŻôҲӦøԼһŰɡ
пЦǵڶαŮƭˣ㣬ǶŮûнġ
˵ܶ滹ħƴںһۣҶһЦﶼСѾͷȡˣЩɵñ﷢񾫣ǿǡ
תһ룬ƺԼӿűӿЦһʼѰ֮á
طܶһطбҶҹѰǧأ˵ʲô鱦ˣӰҲѵһЩ˲١
żʲô֪Ҫ͵Ϯ赭дĴˣ۵ľȡڵľˣ۵ģֱӿµļ·ɽϡ
ƬͣͣʮҵһƬĵططҲĹͷǰȻзëĸоɫЩԥԼǲӦÿ뿪
ǰһ޼ʵĳشƬУСɽݺᣬȺ彻ĿɽʯȴǴݲ
۹֮ʲôǺɫģɫʯɫɳͬʱںɫĵ֮ϻϵðɫ¶ȷǳ֮ߣԶҶܴи˿˿֮
ֹľȻҶЩðȻ߽ȥ
һͻȻ·Ҳܡ
ΪƬʵ̫һ߶֪ǣ֪ҪߵǸţ²ƹȥ
Ҷüͷǰľ²˴װʲôΣգôԼĺĸо
ɾʱҶɫһͷҲûصһΣ˵һ˾ʹԭʧӰ
ʱ󷽲ʲô
·ߣãڰҶ¶˿˿Ц⣬Ȼú󣬴Сɽһ࣬߳һһˣһϽ۵ӵ
ӱ濴ȥʮӣɫ׾ͷһصıɫңһֻɫ룬˿ȵĵطϻкɢ
ɼЩҲб֮רΪĻ׼ġ
Ϊ׵İǰ֮ɫĴͣ·Ѱʲô
ܿյʲôûк󣬷ϵĽ֮ɫŨ֡
ǰԶԶСɽϳһʱԼĿһӰζһ¡
ڵ˴˴˾ȻټȫޣȻ쳣
Ȼٿһ鸽˵Ľָһ²֮У漴ȻһΣһ׹зɳΪһԲͷ
󡭡顱һ죬׹һ󾹱˿ͬŮɢ㻯Ϊ˵ǹ⣬ԲʮɵķΧȫڡ
׹֮ںɫĵһĺ˪Ȼһ˿쳣ûг֡
Ӽˣһ˿ɻ֮ɫ૵ѵǼһѾ˻ɽͷе㲻ΪǰۣܿݷԺɫص˺ɳĮ
ط湻аŵģֲͷҪ׼ҺһŹĻɽһߵ૵ͬЩ˼
ֻƬʱ䣬ͻȻתȥָһµݺӵ꣬ҴȺ֮УֻǻԣҲȽϿ죬Ƚȥɣ
ºӿ˿ԥ˰죬ǰӱʱ֪ûأֻһҧ˳ȴǳٳٲǰ
£ܲͷһоǧٸԸ⣬󣬿ҲǰӵȨ֮ˣҶҡҡͷĵ΢΢̾Ϣһ
꣬ˮ廤ô꣬ʱˣĵȥɣŻٳٲǰӲͷĻ˻ֵ⣬ҲչһСģ
˵ʱǰӵĻԽԽˣҲĻ԰ӵΪ˵ͻὫɱ֮£΢΢˺һ͵ǰȥ
Ȼ궯ˣеһ˿Թ֮ɫȴڳκˡ
ڳ⼸¶һۣղͬʱҡҡͷ
ɫǰҲУȴ˿Ϊ⣬ߵһūŶѣڻ㣬Чҵģ㾹ȻҿξûҲҪ󲻾֮
ӶĿΧһɨ⻰֪˵ģ˵Щģ˵仰鲻ѽ˻ɽĻ꣬ĬȻ
ʱֻһС˫һɽСĵ˹ȥ
һɣɡ
˵ɫǻԽԽɽ֮У
ʱȫ·ųһɫɫ֣ȫķ겻͸ӰǻΪһˡ
߽˻ɽɣ˿ûʱ˵ɫԷһЩࡣ
˵Ѿ˴ôˣҪʲôΣգҲӦˡ
ҶںŻ꽥СӰ¶˲ı飬૵ѵԼ´ˣɽֻǿˣʵϲûʲô⣿
ֽ֪Щˣ󣬳䲻֮£Ǻ׵ֵģֺ󣬾һˣɽʲôڡ
ڣҶеˣ
ΪЩڿǻôԶûʲôʱȥ
ɾʱԶͻ
ڻСһһ͵̤һʱȻЩɫͻȻ޹ƯڰнΧסɢŻĹ⣬ϢԵùޱȡ
Ȼһɺ¡¡ĵǺֵĵ´
һͷȥɫ˲ɷޱȣȻ
һ֮ĻͻȻ¿ӿΪһɵľצתۼ䵽ĸǰոڿշĻһ¹ڡ
һľɢ֮ʱӰʧӰ١
һɽͻȻһ֮ϴӵ¿ӿתۼ䣬ǸողŽȥõİΧܲʮֲ֮ÿһ䡣
֮ɵСȣߵͲһȴȫһ¡
һĻ˶ɫ䣬ۼһӭǰӹȻǸݾ֮ˣۼһץסһ£˹ȥ
Ӵʱ໯ʧҲС
һĻǰɫϲΪҵķʱǱûнɽԶֻҪһ裬ű˳ȥ
һɢѵʮ֮Զʱۼһٴһ˿ץȥ˭֪£ѧԣ׷˹ȥ
Ӵ䣬ͻȻŭһϽеһƬİ׹з˲γһݺˮ֡
ʱˮײһˮ˲仯ˮɳ鿪ҲǵʱӲ¿˿
ۼʣµöҪȻȥͻȻһ溧ݵ˹ʱﻹҷһסһ˷ɳɣ˳ɽ֮ʱʱͬʱ˹һһһңͬʱ׳µֵ
ʣһ΢΢ҧ⣬һھѪʱѪײ׷ײˣǰҲӴ˻ᣬæ˳˻ɽ
ոӳһ˲䣬ɽ͵ĿʼҲһ˿͵ڻ𺣰ɣ
˲ΪŶĺ飬һƨɹӵɵһɣ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ƭ̺Цݾˡ
ͻȻоԣǰĻɽԣǲϲԡ
ϱģһѽ
һȡ
ܲӵȾĴӵ۹бȥȴֻƬһӰģȴʲôҲˡ
Լ⣬ǱԼ˶ˣһһĸ֣һӹȫһ
Ƕңһȡ
ʲôȻµҪʲôҲǸͷѪˣʮ֮ʱֵװغͿ


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ϻ̫ˡ
һ㵣̶Ŀâһһֱ󣿡
ʲôٲ뽻ңˡ
ãҸ㣬ϣسŵһĻᡣҲ֪Ȥĺܣ˵شӻͳǸ룬ֵݵ󣺡װǼҺСպˡ
˵һҶЦֻ룬еҺһۣͻȻʵⶫʲôãжɽ֪٣һ˵
ͫһ΢΢˼һ󣬻ɽҲǵһȻ;Բˣ⼫ҺˮöƵһҺԼԿ𣬶һǡ
˵һ٣ͻȻͣ
Ҷüͷ壬Ҫµģһʲô
Ҫ˵㵱һĻ᣿
ڳңûбѡ񡣡
ӰԿЦһǻϲʳ֮
Լôû˵ҶһᣬлȻô˵⼫Һղˣ⼫Һ˵ǼΪѵõıղĻк֮
Ӷ˵֮ѪκˣֻҪ֮˲ˣ֮Ѫǿϡ֮
Ҷд벻绹һûںεأҶҲдҪץ˸ƶѪ⡣
ԣһָɽϢ֮أ
Ҷɫ΢䣬üͷͻȻ˵ܣطĴǿֲĻ棬ͨ˽ֻҪմһ˿ͻԭӵĻУǻʲôȥ
̾˿˵ʵʵҲţѵأÿþһڣÿ춼ڻɽгһΣֵʱ̫̣ٶȼ죬˵ǲʱ֮ʱӰҲԿ壬ˮ뵽ղ֮
ڻ㻹֪٣
ԣҾ֪ЩˣҲգҲգֻϣسŵ
ˮӦЩͷ˰ɣЩУѵûз˿֮ҶͻȻӵĶ棬ĿתĶ˫۾ɢɫʣ·Կ͸ġ
ҶͻȻ棬΢΢һ㶣˵Դˮ巢ڣǧʱˣþÿǧŻῪһΡҲˮҲֻＸζѣοÿλþ֮ʱɽᾭҲ£ֻˮ֪
ɽĻ˰ԵôܹĪɣɽزɣҶ΢΢һȵ֪ʲô취ܰȫɽ
ӿЦЦ֪Ҫ֪ĻҾͲôڴ˵ˣԭⱾûҪɽֻڻɽΧѰ֮أȻųҺ֪ǻɽΧȻҲա
ɽлǿȣֻǿ߲ܿסǿǵ˶壬ҪͨҲû⣬ҪɻͿɾˡҶ˼һӣͻȻǰӣаֲʥڵļһҪȥǸ
תͷ˿һľ̬֮İӣҶĵҲֻ֪ЩˣͲ·ˣ԰գһŽߵ˻ɽ֮С
쵰㲻ãͻȻҶһߵ˻֮УͻȻɫ䣬ŭ󲻼˼һ̧֣һѻɫɵֶΪһľݺݵնһĻ
Сүû㣬˸Ļᣬᣬ㣡˵仰ҶҲǰһۣ˳ðĻ棬˲С
ʱŭҶһİӣһɢһ󣬽硰ˡһ죬һӵϡ
ƾָŷɵα仯նЩ羹δ˲佫ŵС
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ı٣Ԫˣٳˣæ߶񱼶ȥֻҪ˻ɽͿ
ʱЩڻɵͣԭû׷һĿľٶ
ɲǼһһɫٴλΪһ
һ̶ļХУͬŭһƿ
һľţæȫӿ˳ԼٶȻӿ֡
ɵŵĴжʱǼٱеΧһƯѪ
ͣŵദǶһȭͷС͸׶ΧںڽһƬ·ʲôƿһ
ͷ˿ز鲻Խһѣһľ֮ɫƺЩԼȻˡ
ʱǻٴη֮ʣѺУֻҽ󣬾ȫˡ
Ƭ̺ڿյĻȻҲ±Щ֮ɫʲôҲûһ㡣
һĻʼȴҶһ֮࣬ɫȴЩŹ
ֹ澹ȻԣֲöӲ֮Ҷõ͵ֻԼ˵ȴֲ¶һ˿ص΢Ц׹һʧ
պҶһѽ˻ɽڲھȻ֪лҶȻȥ˵˿þУĴɱ¾ϣòͽȥ
ﲶ׽ĻǼ£
˿׼һһƬɺɽ˿ܵĲðĻ棬ҶȫһţЩʱಡһûӰ
ģԼ¶ˣЩһֻЦ±ӣƬɺĸ󣬽Χط겻͸ȻСؼҺŵĴ
ղֻһλᣬһʧܣ쵽壬֮ززԺ˭ֶΣ¾ͳ˼ܵ¡
˵Ҷ˴αһУȻҲû˻ᡣ
ǰеļҺҶһֶȻ󣬵Լȴǲ֪ղ󣬻Щʲô;ԼԸ鱦ʶ̶ȣǴĲԺҸϰһС
ȡЩҺСɢڼܣϢȫ߷󣬽ʣµļҺպãҶֱԣĿ
˴յʱ䣬ĵҶɫ΢΢һ
˫ĿضԶһƬ֮ء
һǴطȻ߽ܲӼ䣬޶˳һɿУдͳغ
Ҷɫ糣һκΪһ׺ɵ˰УԴһ˿עһУָоӦòǻԹ
мһŻһֻ޴˳
βֻɴСӣżҺڵķ򣬲ͣĵͺ
ĻҶüͷ壬ȻΪ赲޷޵ɢҲֻڻڵħ
ȻҶͷޣȡڵľˣ˵Ҳʲô£ȴҲ˻Ϳɾˡ
ҶͣڿУ·ޣεŪҲһ֣Ҳһ֣ݾߣʲô쳣Ǿ͵òʧˡ
Ϊһ棬ͷмֵĶ࣡
еޣһع򣬾ѱҺɢϢ̼Щˡ
һ޺֮£Ƭɺɽݺ֮ģʮɸߵľ޴ˡ䡱һ졣
󷨹ҡҡ׹޷ܵӡ
Ҷ˵ҪĽֻڰͻȻ䡭ɳɳɳԶһ֮ϴһ΢
ƽԶ·ǷԪƮ֮䡭Ҷǰһʱ䣬ȫÿһϸȻսֹͣˡ
ˣˣСһﻹǽթȻһͷڵ̽·ڷûʲôΣպ󣬲ŴܳҺԼסе̰ûж޳֡
ܴﵽ񾳽磬ȴܻΪεޣضŷǳ֮һ˼ˣֻ̲סȡ޵ľˣƲ׽
Ҷͨˣ֪ͷʹùƣֻû뵽˽թ뵽ҶЦһڿвָȴˡ
ֻȻף͸͢һץ±ҪɹҪȻ´һɾˡ
ಣͻأһϹӹһ磬绹Ҫ죡ֲǰ˵Ҫǿ׷Ǽܵ£ֻղ
ҶͫأطŴᣬٴǵϹȥŷǵϹر仯Ϲóһֻڱܵ͸Ϲ
Ҳǻ
ʮ׹ͻȻҶ
ۣʮâ˲Ϲ֮ϡ
Ҷ۹⹴ضŰ֮ڣͻȻһѳ֮ͻȻ䣬Ҷϲ
յУҲֻޣֱӳ𣬽²½ƣ§ڻкнסһû뵽ô׾ˣ
֨֨аͷ֨УģȻһҲ¡
ȫë⻬ͨڻţţԵʮֿɰ
Ȼ䣬ҶȻȥе̰ͻȻһ֮飬ȻһһɳصʹеĲͿ־塣
һ˫СֱҶ龹ʮֻ䡣
ɲʱŻǧذתãȻ֪βźá
ôܷܲˣͻȻҶзݣҶ̬ת䣬ҲͻȻһУڻаͷԵʮ־š־塣


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ѵСһܸӦ˵֪е뷨ҶаȻ죬Ǿ͸Ӳܷˣ˭֪ҶͷŸոת꣬֨֨һУҶǰ¹ˮ
ģһ£Ҷ˷磬СһеǾӨһε£һȡһʯƳɹΣա
ȡһ룬૵Сүôֶܿ鰡֪񲻻ɵñ԰գҳϵѪܣ˽ȥ
ֻҪѪѪҺ֮һû££ѪˣҲҶʹòˡ
ʱ֨һ֨Уڴߴ֣Ҷſ϶СһܸӦ˵
Ц±ӣץСͲһȻľϣһϽѪҺҲ֮Уһᣬȡϣһҡڡһ죬ȻЦСúܣӹԺϵˡ
԰գҶǽ⿪ϵĽƣֻϹһûǿһСһڽƽ⿪һ˲䣬ƿն
ûлͷܹɳƺ磬תѵ˰֮⣬ɵĻ֮ʱͻȻͣסΣתҶһ¶һ˿мû»֮УӰ
ģԼϺˣ֪мҶкݺݽԼһŽѪҺպãŻɽȥ
֪Ƭ˶ã;ȻҲһЩϵ޵ĹЩҶɷǣȻʲôý
ȡ޺Ԫ飬նǱצһ·ջҲǲ
պڳƬһط
ʱɽǰּɽֻ֣ɽȴӵɽֵɫɽϸ߽ȪľïǸɽϵĺʹ˳Ų֪ǰ˺ڱ۹ڼˮɵ̡
ߣ䣬缲ӿƮƺ֮ڡ
ûþĵͼҶҴߵǣᱦɱޣѴƫԭе뷨ҲΣ˭·
ڷֻȡѪҺҶûк֮⣬˷ܣֻڻɽ˰㣬ԲŲִٳɽֻҪþʱһͿ뿪̬ǲ
ɽתһŨصĵ͹ͣ׼Ѱطúһ㡣
߳˹ȿڣǰȻʡ
ɽŶֲƴֱִһȪˮɹȿҶϣٲɻ䷢һԼɵĴ³أʮߣɽɽ磬ˡ
ȪϺɫĻҿҶĻ󳩣̽ˮУˮ£˭ֲ֪ŷ롭Ӵ͵̽Ȫˮ֣üôȣ̵ϴ谡
ôõһ£׼úһݣ֪ˮ¸ߵˣһϧĵطȻܽȪǴʧȤ
ʱҶͻȻϸһƵڶϷĵ´ŭٸ֣ǱǱ˹ȥʹһɽͷƱŵʹ֪ȺڶĳһĿչΧ
δִﳤʮɵµףʮħᵽζͷЩħ鶯֮ҺҶָǿȫ¶зţӦ
ЩȻΪߣߵҲֻʥ磬ȴ͵ˣȫٷˣʮ㳯ҶɭɭݣӳŻӨɫ۾ëȻ
ҶһͷҰǣһͷɲشʺȥ
ģǻ鷳Ҷһҽ߳жؿڣֻ߷бԣײһʯֻ֪ȥһͷǾѵͷҧѥϣҺûؽʱж֮ͷǲŲ˻ˣѥѶӡ֪η
ҶһΪھȻһȺȳкԣ֣һ߷һͷԼħǣŻ콣ȫնɱ
ħһֻһֻ£תۼ䣬ʮͷΧħ˵ˣӵˣҶվɳ֮ʱüͷһ¡
Ϊֳ֮һȺħǡ
Ⱥڶֻ࣬һɫţҡҡ׹˸Ӱһ֧ŵӡ
ҶһɱʮͷħǺһУϺޱ顣
ʱͷ޿ͻȻ³һĳźɫĻ棬ݺն˹š
ҶΪ˱£ȴӹзһŲ۵ıɫ衣
˵һкڽ͡ꡱһΪһȭͷСɫ𻨣ȼ
˻ĲѸɢ˿Χ˵Ľʮֻ޷׷ڻ֮С
ԹԣһֶλǲҶﰵһǱɫʲô챦ȻҶҪһɱҲʮֻħǣҲǼ׵£ǿȴˣĹֶΣЩ˼飡
䱦ʤ̫ª˵㡣
ɫĳ֣ƺŭħȺٶȵɢĳŹţһҲá
ԹеӰ˵ƺֵҲǼһƷҲʣ࣬ڻɢͷħǵĹ󣬾ٳûڶöˣԿӲš
ǵӰƺҲҶĴڣȻħǵĹ£һҶڵɳŲ˹
ҶľȻĿ˼ۺһתҪ·ˣڼûͼıԷͼҲûƴɱЩħǽİ˵Ȥ棬ˣȴ¼ʱġ
þУɲһİˣװ״ԼС
˭֪߳ȴһЩϤŮ˻
ˣСվסˮֻҪϳȣСŮһºлˮ˽ǡߺ֮⣬Ҷһ֮
ˮҶһ˻δһ£¶һº󣬻ǽӻת˻ȥ
绹С
ôþУѾͷƭ϶Σˡ
ȻԷǰˣ֮ǰԼҶҲѪļȵĵز
ǰʱ䣬ԭѰҴŮҪҪػڵҲһˡ
ȻĹţһ󣬻콣ǲʱĲӰӵˮ棬һĻǴս
еˮĿɿڴ
գ۵ʱ䣬ȺҪСħǾͱ׵ȫˣİ˵
ֱҶŲæջ콣ߵʱ˹æ˻ɫš
ʱˮΪĹЩ԰ףԵ˼֣ӽĶˣĽ¶ȵģҴʱȫ㺹ܣɢ㣬ջ
Ҷһ֮£Ҳһ漴ɫͻָ
ˮҲҶͻȻЦӯӯʩһ󣬽˵лλԮ֮ʹֹҪǰˣ֮£
ҶѾͷȻʵ壬ȴֻ֮֮ģɹҪҪǰ£˵ϻѻҡ
ѻ㣿ˮҶĻĿȻôģ֪ЦǲŪˣ֮˭ܵõ˭ΪʲôҪ㣡
СҪǻҪҶɫһ΢䡣
Ұѻ㣬᲻߳Ƭɽ룿ˮʵĶҶɫеŹ
УѻҺҸ߸·ҶһüãˮķӦƺе㲻ԾǲԾԼȴ˵ֻһڻؾˡ
ôܣ߳Ƭɽ룬ھͷöˮҶͬʱȡ˻Ҫǣһԥ֮ɫûС
һٶҶգգ۾е׽͸ѾͷʲôϷѵ㶨ԼɱԴơ
룬ˮٵôҲеΪʣһ˼ɫ䣬תߣû˿֮ͣ⡣
ٶøոմħգδˮʧɫæ˲ֵѿʵǺ⣬С㻹δлľ֮أŮ˵˻ʱһĽ֮˴ʹϧ֮С
ҶûлͷֻһĻﴫлͲˣҲҪˣղž㣬ֻΣΪ֮ɣŴ䣬ҶԹԵ߳ʮԶȥжΪѸ١
ˮһ˻԰׵ӸӾˣҲ˲ʲôıˣڵҪɽûչˣʱʱΣա
ⶼҶɵģҪ£ȫ˵ˣɱɱô䵽ⲽأھȻҶԲܷݣ
ǣֽ˼Ҷ޶õĽԶȥ
ۿƺҶʯĳûʲôãֽ֮ɫֻ˵һҶԤеĻ
ˣСˣֻҪں·ϳֱӻҾͽ˫ַϡһҧŭݺݵ˵
ӱҪõģ⻰Ҷ¶Ц⣬ͣɵת֮ʣ¶ԥı顣
ֻҪӦСϾһö㣬һöСһȫ֮󣬾һͬ㡣ˮҶƺ˵Ȥҵ˵
ȻˣֲܣԵеСˡҶ˹һ˿ζ֮ɫȻ־˴ŮȻû涪¶Էʵ˼


938 ʵ
οȶԷԭһЩС˼ڣղֻΪֶζѡ
ŮĿľѴﵽˣʨӴ󿪿ڣƶԷҲֻűˡ
ˮλŮȻҲһ㣡
ǰҶؾ֮ΪԺõıӻûѡֻεĽһö͵ҶУſڵˮ鸮ˮ鵤ȱٵһζˮ鵤ˮ⣬ҪϡĲϣҺʱáҪҲûʲôãɺãϻˮ鵤һö㿴Σ԰գŮɫһֻѩ׵һ죬Өɫ鵤
ʱҶѲö˿ˮ鵤Ͳɫ˵һ䣺ˮ鵤ȷһ鵤ҩȴţˮ鵤û;С⣬ֻˡһ˿֮⡣
⻰ˮ΢䣬粻˺һ󣬾ȻĵЦ
СŮӲٶʲôȦˣСŮǲǻὫͻң˵˻ˮ֫һŤͦ΢΢ͦԵñ쳣ǳʣ÷
ҶŮɫɲ͵ӣ¶˵֮ɫ
һС´ǷĽͣ޼ɵĿλ棬һ˫ĿȴԽˣ·ֱ˵ĵ
ˮľɫʩչĹȻͬ˷ƨͬ죡Ƕûʲôõģ㻹ǽʡһ㹦һЩҶ°ͣоһݵ˵
ߣǸľС³çһ㲻֪ϧ񡣡˺˰벽װĴŮϵĺ֮ɫһɨ⣬Щܻ˵
ˮɲô˵ǲþΣ֮أǶ¹ĻĳԲܾġٺ١ҶЩƤЦⲻЦ˵
ڴ˵شʱƾҲñͶͱˮԲֱҶ޺޵Ľ
ĳ벻ˮķۣȻ²ҪҲҪлʲô֮Ӧ֮ҸһöҲǹƽˣ¾ȸˡҶ·ŮƵģ΢΢һȭڿն
Ǻǣˣˮһ˾æȥû¶ʧ֮ɫЦֻǳ֮ɫ
ҶͷˮһۣȻЦЦ飬еˡ
λѾͷʱ죬䣡
ﰧģ͸ոյ޺ĵĳ飬һʼޡ߰ӡ󣬾ֲͬظܣʵе죡
ٱħŮе㲻Ѱ֮
룬Ҷȴûпڣһ·֮϶ǳ֮ɫˮһ˫ʱʱ¶ɫ
˰ΣҶͻȻת߳ɽһʱڣһᾡȫ˵ǰ棬ĳԼϾ˼Σգ㻹Լɣ
Ȼģ飬СŮҲˣСŮţƾֵֶΣγֵĿԲ󡣡ˮЦ˿̵Ц绨֮
ǰҶҲ˼ۺ󣬲һԲתߡ
ˮˣ΢Цƣ˼ҶУһܵӡ
˵һ֪ʲôطˣ֪ôҶһͻȻڵ
㲻֪ʲôطһԣˮ΢΢һڤ֮Ϊ֮һĸֻҪͨһ򣬱ɵˡ
ҶЩʲôܲϸ˵һ£
Ҳͬһʷһֱ󿪻þ֮Уֻȴһʵʵڹ濴ȥ󣬵ĽڲͻᷢǬˮ֪治٣һ·֮ϣΪҶ˵
֪˶ãͨˮĽ˵ҶҲþһ˽⡣
ô˵þе㲻ˣҶһ˿˼֮ɫ૵˵
뿪Ƭɽ룬ٷƽɽ·յִһƽԭڣˮ˵ԶˣϢһ
ƽԭ֮أѰһ֮غˮǰȥҶɻҪȥ
ˮͷЦ٣ûа֮⣬ûа취СóԣֻԼȥŪԵĶˡ
Ҷƽڵϣ˫ַԺ뷨ֻ֪զĶǧҪС
ߣСֲԣǹ벻˿ڣˮһһȥԶˣ
ҶͷҲ̧ȻҪԶˣҪǾκޣɱ¾֮
⻰ˮ΢ĺˣȥѰЩˮСŲȥˣ
Ҷ̾ϢСĵǺõģƽԭϿܻЩҪɱ˶ᱦ¥ļһˣ
ԶˮһᣬѰˮ󣬻Щġ԰գһƬ֮С
Ҷӵһ˲䣬΢а֪̾ѾͷҪıˣ˾治֪ǶԣǴ
ûˮһ·Ľ˵ȫŪþĲƣϸ룬Ҳȫ޺ô
Ȼ֪ѾͷֶΣۼΪʵлЩܣһӵҲӣһô֮ˮպò֪Ū˼ˮӨӨĹӡ
͸죬ֻˮĬĬЩһۣ֪ȡһСƿƿкһЩĩЩ֮ϣȡһŽҩȷԼ
ҶĿ⡰Ѿͷж΢΢űӰԿЦɽ׸ģƣѾͷһϲƱˣϰ߻ǲãҲӣѸȥˡ
Ҳˮ£ҲӦûʲôΣˣȻԲҩԼ
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ʶ͸һƬɭڣȷԼӦķûҶٴǰɱȥɭַɱһʱҶͻȻͣ˽Ųã
ͷԺиոҶתڰԱߵһïܵĲݴС
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ȻһͬصѹҶ߷ʱʧɫѹ£Ҷ䣬鲻ԽľҲѪҺͣٶȼ
֮ˣѹİΧҡҡλεصҶŴ˿ᣬҲ벻ϾȻôǿѹ⾿ʲôƣֲ˾ģ
һ̣ݴһƬļХ֮һ׹һƬݴǱһĵȥ
ȻһӰӲݴԾ𣬼ϳȥƬ˵ĲݴڣζʮŨĺѪ

һĲҽӰ֮дҶֻһɫӰӲݴһϣ׷ʮ׹˰С
ۣû뵽ϱļɢ޸־ȻҲ⺣ɾ⣬ĺɢ޶ûеõϢԶļȻϢͨһǲڰ𡭡
ٺ٣ҵ˭ԭѪİˣ⺣ɾֲ֮ʲôˣǽƬȫɱѵͲԺɱִڣδ̫̰˰ɣһôԶľȴӲҶʹ
ҶйϤиоȴһʱ벻˭
ЩһĹСҶо֮ӴѹȻסˣӦò񾳽ĸܷİɡ
ߣ棬Ҳ˵ˣϴαң㲻ҲǾһЩɢһ񶾵ĴͶȡɣһٺɱϰޣĳ˴ǴҶȥˣ䳰ȷķ
ĹԹԣԭǼϲģԩ·խȻˣҶоѵֻϼһʱϵôˣѵ񾳽ʵ
ȻҶһ·ˣǾûʲô˵ˣȻɾĿӦҲҵһݰɣͻȻĴЦȻľҶط
ҶǱ纣ĺޣȴҲмԨԴأɹԵɵ֮Ȼһ֣º⵽׷ɱҵȸ˷ŵ̬˵˵ˬ죬ôǾͲ֪ˡ
˵Ǻѽ੣੣ҿǲĵúܣղһ־ͻɱһֶĻǺǰһĶΪҲ֪ѪȫˣȥȻһֶԸҰɣСɣٺ٣ٺЦЦȴǳ⣬Ҷһɽĸо
űĳ˹
䣡
һ죬ֱӳ˰˵ԱߣߵķԼû˿ã涢ŰˣеľЦ⣬ֻЦе˷顣
ͻȻԱߣ͵رɣ棬ɫ棡ʲôѵ㻹ɱҲɣ
˿ʱɫҲ΢ЩԼŸյ񾳽粻ã⼫˵񾳽ѾˣԼһ֮Ӳƴûʲôʤ㡣
̫ˣɱ㣬²ĵһҪлһ£ллɱҸղŴֶ΢Цŵˣ˸ˣղɱǸˣʥ֮ӣ㲻ɱôܰɱ֮£޻ͷˣʱѪǼϲӦþͲҵ鷳İɣ
ʲôղɱǸСһǱܵĶӣĻɫ΢΢һ䣬еŵ
˵أٺ٣Ҷеԥǲͷ㣬ƺǳȤĶŰЦ
ҵ𣬺ˣ˵ﵽڣǲˣɱ֮²¶ȥǾˣ˱˵˲ٳһѽη


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ܵѷƣöԶҶ΢΢һѷȻ׵ģҲҶ󣬼˵ڶ׷׷ʵ㲻١
ֻǲ֪׷ǰȡϵһƵģԼȡƷǺеı졣
Ȼ²ôȻֱӴԼȡƷƵķһʼȴֻ͵ȼķҲ˽λַֻ״̬ʹá
һΪ壬䷨Զԭںϵ֮УķҲһôǾűĲƷȼҲ᲻ϵߡ
Ҫһͽ׵ķףȴһǳѵ飬ķѵĸʱ뾫ǲɼģҲΪʲôҶ԰óһ׷еԾԭ
㾹Ȼ֪Ҵﵽڣٺ٣Ѫ鱨ĺܲѽȻְȡ׷һĻȴһҲżšϻ仰˵
ԶҶע⵽ڿ׷ʱ۾΢΢һ£ȴһ˿м˿ìܣ֪ϼһЩʲô
Ҷȴûȥ뼫е뷨ˣΪҶѾ񾳽Щϲɻ
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ʱҶͻȻһΣյĸо﷢ëĸоܲҶҶջʶá콣¼ķȫϢöһС
ããʣڵƲ֮£ӰƮգ΢գڴ˵ء
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ɫɭ޳ŤһĻȣʱȭͷ沼ƬȻеķ֮ںһ˫Ķǰļ棬Ĵ˳Ҫɱң
ֻܹãȻ䵥һңҲҵûɵһ£΢䣬ƿʼԣڣȥɣ
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һֲͳ˻ͬʱһ޴İɫͷƾվ֣󲿷ӶУߵʹſôһڳȥ·Ҫֱӽˡ

˿ںжȻһǹǹ糤޺ݺݶŰߵԴ˹ȥȻʱ򡭡
ݣ
һӰ߿ɲǾ͵˼ǰ񵲣ֻŬƫתһ壬ɻǱֱӴ̴˼ιǲλ
쵰ģɢɫ˲ѿƽɱģ뵽ҶӰ죬ΪҶΡ
ιǲλȻʹü΢΢ĳ鴤˼£˫ϸСͫУԹһҽ͵ڰ֮鲽һ̤Ӵıڱ
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֮ϣȻðһɫƬǴ̣Ǵ̴ıƿ֮ݺݵĶŰߵԴ߶ȥ

Ĳҽак˳һ׿Ѫ˰ߵͷ֮ϣѪ죬͡
һѪżżݣ˰ա
ߣҲù˱˲ѿ˫â䣬ȻѾҪŭˡ
ʱ򻹸ҼŭңǳˣһʼʹڶϷ̬ļҲŭˣղڰñ̳ʱҲû⣬˭̳ԲǸӣʵʹǿбĽ
𡣡
źһɫѸԼڱӿ棬ɫ֮УԴѸٵĽ޻֣ҲǿʼϸܵɫۼԼŹֵ֫塣
ֻƬʱ䣬ǿԴȫı˾ͺԴ֫˹Ǵ̣¶ļݣ˫۳ϸС֮״֮ͫУһƬѪĳϸͻĺˡ
û뵽ϲı徹ȻֻˣڰҶǻ𳰷ĵ
񱩵
¡¡
·ɭڼھ޴ײ֮¶ʱܵ˴ƻһ¡¡죬ִİɫͣεײһŵľƬɭǰδеĻٻ
һˣԼöԶˣҶεԼϢٳԶȥֿ϶ǿʵһܵʲôƣҪȻǴʱĹһҶܳܵġ
ɲҼղŴشţȥͷֲ޵ıսԼ⴦ط϶ҪٻʱԼ϶ҲҪˣŭļһ﷢֣һҶֻȥˡ
ȻﵽǰڣǺʹʱϼһԼƨһȻ磬ʹһģҲ٣˵ľ硣
ǶҶȫƣѵ˵ģഫÿΪﵽ񾳽磬Ϳƽ뿪һ磬һȫµİȥ
治ףЩϼһһѾﵽȥһˣΪʲôҪͣһ粻ߣѵΪԴ뿪ȥһ磬ȴҲûЩ϶Ĺﺦˡ
Ҳһȥأһ֮Уѵģô˵Ҳܴ˵ǲģԼƿյʱҪȥѰĺģҲ֪ĺĻûڵԼ
ǰ˯еǸѪҪԼﵽ龳󣬲ȥѰĺģȻͻһʧĺԼͬʱûɹ֪龳Ǹʲôľ硣
뵽Ҷ
Ҷ䣬ֻ໣˱󷢳˵ͳĺȻ󣬻ΪһӰԶȥ
ߣǰɣ㾹ȻߣѵˣξĿռ϶Ѿ󷨼ӹˣڲ˲Ƶ£ѵҪұٶȲɡһǼĹд˹ͷ·һͳ
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һֱƴİ˼βݺݵĵسһ£˿ȥ뼫˾롣
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һ׿Ĺƺݺݵ̤ڰԭڵλãɼĿռ䲨ԹΪĴݿʮ׵ľ룬ԹΪΧ·ʮ׷ΧɭȫΪ۵ʮѿ߰˵ֲĴڡ
ÿֲһҲ̫̬˰ɡǧ֮Ҷеˣͬʱ鲻Խƶһξ롣
ȻתͷһֻĹ۾ĶŰˡ
˫ɭȴʮ侲۾Ҳż֪ԼߺҲ¶˾ģȴ
ٺ٣ߣԭҲΪô꣬Ѿ͸أһЦЦ¹ϣǹġ
˵Щȫɫ⻪תأڿȻһţ˼ٳ˹ȥ
ɭ۾ųɹļ˫޵βȻ
ݣƿ̶ļХȻǧ֮ԶҶĶ䶼ʹ
βĹӦñȵһĵؽ׷ȫһˣԼķ¾Ĳһ£ҲƤըҶһУпϰ졣
ֻƱźɫâתֱֻβȥֻǿЩɫâ֪ŹһǷǳĿ£Ҳǿ϶Ƿǳǿ
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˵βĹײֻһͳײǰֻ޴΢΢һ£ǰβҲ˻ȥ

ڽɲǣĺ΢΢һţѾ˰˵ǰһΰȴûжܡ
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Ҫˣû뵽ֻǱ˴˾ֻһȼʵķȻô󡣡Ҷҳֻ̾̾Ϣ
ߣ԰ĵȥˣĹз˷ܵĴЦڰշɵĹ΢΢һٺǾ޴ĺɫ֮ݺݵسذȥҪ


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ռϣʲôҪ棬ڹĻѰҶҲеƾʧԭˡ
ǰԼ˺һռ䣬ȻˣżһЦɫǿҲڿռоô
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ҲȥɣͬʱͻȻһȣߵһռ΢΢һ£һ޴βƾ˳˿˿־ءأΪһȰӰգ֮ͳ鵽˼ǰ
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Ȼڼϵ仯һġꡱЩ۾ȻһƬƬһɫĻ档
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Ҹɣϰ̫ˣղƤһȻǡꡣҶ̫Ȱ˶Լĺˡ
Աɲֻ࣬˷һ㱾Ϊ޵ķȡƷʱԼҲֳһСںϵ档
ԱˣҲɢ걾һ壬һɢˣ֮һֵȻҲ֮ɢ˺Աʱͻ൱ʹñЧ
꣬ǿɻɢԶ°ϰ߾Ȼɵѵǰ˼˵ԸԼ˿裬ʹǻɢҲҪ֣⵹Ǵ£ҶҲ벻ˡ
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ꡱһϹ۶ɵĴֱ÷ըѿҶȫȻһڣڰе˳ȥʮԶĵطͣż档
ʱԭļ棬ȴ˫ۣŵŸղŷһС
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͵һæˣڱ˵ͬʱ׷϶ķֲ̿
֪ԱûʲôӰ죬û뵽ҶȻô߼׷϶ļ͵ľȻǵؽλšءһһ߱ը


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ţǳĳԼǰһ꣬ҶԼԼΪҲеĶˡ
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ҶͣԱĶΪһ˼ǧϹȻҶ룬̾һ֮壬ʲôѡ񣬾ǸղŵѾþȫ˵УһҲմ֮ãȻɢ
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֪Ҷĵģæ˵ˣҲẦģȡ£СһȥͿˣȫõġ
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ҶĵͷҲǣΣķ񾳽ϼһֻҲʮλԼһЩֲϲֻ֮£ּ̧Ǹˡ
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ˣģ治֪Լǰʲô£ŭ죬ЩһҲѵüһϼһȴԼӶˣҸɣⶼЩʲô𣬺ԼСĸͣ
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Ŷʵʲôϵ𣿡ҶЩɻ
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ǺԼĲ࣬ףҲԣһǿ뿪ôֻôһЩҶɻż
΢΢һЦˣĳֵȻԭġ
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ҶһͻȻˣѹ粻ҷſԼƣҲȫʵֻܻУǲǻʲôԼϢ۵Ŀ죿
ԣǴ仰˵ıʡЦǺҶƨ
ϣϢĶ𣿣Ҷ˿ûἫƨǼһص׷ʵ
ǵȻǡ٣΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣ
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Ŷļһ˵˵ǶЩʲôĴڣҶ΢΢Щѽû뵽绹Ĵڡ
ЩļһҲǺȴ֪纣Ĵеĺޣһ½ЩʲôռҵҲһƵ˵
ռңǺǣԼҲǺܲҶϲû뵽ԼռҲһǴǱܣȴӵжϽ翱һô
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ЩԿԼ츳ܣϢˣҲȷеﲻƽ
ˣʲôǰʵ⣬һû˵ˡų˼еҶͻȻ˵
Ŷ㻹ʲôû˵ģҶ̧ͷüëһƣɻĿż档
ˣѵûǿߣҲֻܴﵽ񾳽𣿶һ٣벻֪ԭ򣿡Ƶ˵
ˣ㽫ӦýĻһѻ꣬ʡģҶ΢΢һ
Ҷɫе㲻ãæˣʵϢֶΣҲֻε񶥷徳磬һͻƵ񾳽ϵľ磬ǾϢԶйʱʲôʲôֶΣҲ㲻۵Ŀ죬ͬԵϢҲֻܳɣͬԵϢɣʱͻᵼϢ̫ǿۿ쵽Ϣ
ŶԭƣҲûʲôأϾȵͻƵϵľ󣬾ȥǸҲһǿ˰ɣʱȻԭһΪΪҲһıˡҶˣ˵ʲôͬԵϢʲô˼
ţͬԵϢô½ϵЩռҴȷΪѪͨɢϢȻȻĻһͬʱ񾳽ĸ֣ǵϢںϵһ󣬾һۿ쵽һռҲֻһԳ񾳽ĸ֡
šҶͷˣҶͻȻһɫã˹ˡ
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ˣ²ãǼ˶Ѫеϼһô죿濴Ǽ׹⣬ʧɫ
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㣬ٷϻˣֲҪǷ棬ֻҪԼӿƣܹˡҶ˿ץʱ䣬ȥΪȡһʱ䡣
ٺ٣ԭһΪҪԶ֮ˣˣھȥˣˣСĵ㣡˵˵˹
ץʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ϊȡʱ䡣ҶＱһᣬȻת۾⼸׹ǰ
İ׹ͻȻһͣڼٵķӲͣһ׹Ҷǰ֪ʱѾߡ
Ҷһ֮¾ѾϳӦѪ߲еķˣߵƶԣԼ֮ϡ


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һĮȻ߲ûκζвлǵһϢѹ
ҶаѪʵȻɲⰡˣȻ񾳽磬һǴﵽľ硣
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ߵ۾ͬʱܵоȻ΢
Ҷһʵ벻ͨΪʲôͻȻֳǿɱѵԼʴʲô
ͬʱԼ֣˵һ飿һһԼҲǳԲ£ҶǲԸ
ʹǧ֮ʱȴȻϢѾǸˣÿһѾǡ
ȡȵȣҪʲôҶŬʹԼǿҵƽװɵյʵ
Ҷ˲жϳԼԼʹǧߵĿҲʮãġ
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ҶһڲɱԼ϶ΪԼǸҵӵܣԼԼҵĶԿУֶ˵룬־ܣǲһ·Ҳûˡ
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ҶչոȥܶʱȻһ֪еǸѾԼ˹Ҷ˼Ļһһ˲䱬ƿΪһǰȥ
Լܿռ΢΢һɣҶչǧһ쳣ȴʵõƴӸҪг˳
ҶȻǵ˳ͬʱһԷֻһ񾳽࣬ǿߣһǿߣһһ˿£Ȼûн¡
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һ·Ȼײϵľ٣ҺҶϻһĵؽ׷ԲûΪĴˡ
ˣղſٶȣ棬Ѿ˲ˣǲܽ˲״̬ġһ˲ҶǰתһɫߣҶƺ͸¶һ˿˵ĳ
ҶһʵôܣչΪʲôͲʹ˲ƣ
ߵгǿԺ˲ƣֻдﵽ񾳽ʩչļܣ俴ҶȻ֪ʲôʹҲӵٶȣǿ㻹ǵһνξĿռΪ󷨸ıˣҪõļܣǲʹõġ
ˣˣԼҪˡҶһ벻ʵĬĬ˲Ҳòˣʲô󷨣Լֶΰ
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˵գϢʱ䣬㵽˭Ϊĸ£ΪʲôҪصסһλˡ
ҶŨŨɱаԼôʵֻԼһ˵ʵͻöԷˡ
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ǣϴһȴǲ뻹ҵһʮλڣԵʱΪξرգȡ汦ǺǣҲŷѾĻһνξһҵ˵
Ȼˣǿ߰ɣѾ˵Ҷԥļӿٶȷ˹ȥ
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֪ͺãҲҪԴޣҶ͵תż۾Ŀ֮㾹Ȼ֪ͼңζʲôпף
ҶǴŭŵϢŭСķʲôСǳСһΰɡ


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ſڽ࣬ԶԣһᣬС˵СĲӦ̰ģ֪֮ռΪС
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˿һŭΣԼҲ񾳽ľ֣Ȼһ񾳽СӸһȻûʲôˣҲԼܵġ
ҶȴǶԼ侲侲侲ԼȫһҲûϼһʲô˺Ѿ˾֮ʣʱ̶пֹ
еĺ棬ղһһĲ鿴ż쳣ǻ뵽ҶͻȻϮԼʱھУҶһ˵֮ϡ


945 ֮
ʱعļҲҶһٶŴˣվԭĿɿڴĿҶ
СӣȻң㣬ȻðϴĺƭңһɢɣʱѾŭ£ƺĺʱһΪ˲γѰɫĹ
ֻһɫâҶһɫĹâ˼

Ĺʵ̫죬Ҳ̫ˣҶûеѡæһٳԼϣͬʱҲȫԼγһۺֵһ
ڸЩһɲǼ䣬ҶɫȻһ䣬ֻеһɿֲ֮ǹ֮дǹҾǿ˺ԣһ·ƳԼķȻ˲ֱӹҶϡ

Ҷ·ɳһͬʱѪ磬һ£ڿзɵĹҲһУҲ٣ֻһС˵Ӱ˵˳
ȻһϵıٰҶ뼫һ˶ֻˣһеâȴתۿҶ޼һۡ
һǺģĿ⣬ҶͼʱһǿΣС
ѵСү겻Ҫ϶Уź־ɱ⣬Ҷһ֪Լ뼫ҪںǾ޿ˣģ˵ҪȡģڿɲԼС
ֻԼסջȴҲȫԹ
䣡䣡
ҶԸ̾ڼ䣬ȻҵػζµȻΡΡҶһΣվȣһľ촫
Ҷ涼һæһȴڴ֪ͨʱʧӰ٣ȡ֮˸ǽڡ
ڴϿڽ´ؾҵĲУֱѿһϸϸѷ죬͵İ׹⣬ԽԽۣȵɫâɢȥʱƾճһ
оˡСһ˿˷ܣ̵Ҷ
ҶüͻȻһ仰Ū΢΢㶣ɻ󲻽֮ʡ
ûʱˣǰĵ·ɣͻȻӺд˳
˵仰һźȻһ磬ϷĹ˹ʱ򣬺۳һֻƣĳһӴ֮֮ӡ
ͣ
ƵͬӴ󺣣Ӵޱߣ
羪κһ㣬ռ䶼˿˿壬ЩŤ˲佫Ҷ뼫ˡ
Ҷ󾪣ʱСˣͻȻâһ㶸ȻҶǰҶٶȸ죬˲ȫĿеķһԱ˶
棬һοʮֵţܶҶһɱ
أ
ռ䶼ݺݵһСҶǰֵһɢ˹㣬ҶҲݺݵĵ˳ȥ
ۣۡѪڵϣϵķѾȫĻΪɢˣ
˼֮ǰػԼҲһԱ˶ҶҲһ˲䱻ˣ϶ȾѪûбһĨɱҶҲ˿ˡ
ػҪˣҶĪ˵һ仰йâһȻһСƿҶǰƿ쵱͵Ǹ˵ҶȡĵҺ˿УȻæ˿ڤ״̬
ʱҶǰͻȻһ󲨶âһѾɢļȴٴ˳
û뵽˾ȻּƷҺѵЩ½֮ˣǰСƿ˵ɻ󣬵ǽţеΨһһΡءѾˣϣ˲ҪΣˣȻʱԼҪɢˡ
Ĺ㳡֮УҶϥڵ֮ϾˣСҲҶͷ֮ϣСϷâ̲ɵڽš
˰ʱҶԭϵ˿ڼȫʧˣʹԭ˵ļ޴˿Ҳֻʣ¼İ̺ۣҺȷޱȡ
ɹһظоЩ˿ڲϲҶƺʮָоʱʱĴӿд
ʱһһȥСʱ󡭡
Ҷ۾Ȼоⱬ͵ذεضͬʱȫһ𣬼һٲѾ̵Ѫ㱻ˡ
վڰУҶĺ˿Ȼ˷ȥһ۾ͿԲԶļ
˿̼ȴǴҶĲ˼飬ͣƬ̺ŵˣͻƵλˣ
ţû뵽ȴøˣܵȫȵҶȫһžڼϸڲ˲䱻ɸɸɾѾΪǿļʱһЩ仯ǿ
ôܣһҺȻԽͻƣû°ٺ٣ˣ˷ڲͬ漣ġɻһھһƨ˹
˼ĻҶֻ΢΢Цһ£ﻹǱȽϸ˵ģϾһ񾳽ϼһﾹһ񾳽Сƨô˵ԼҲӦͷˡ
ԼֱԽҶ΢΢е㾪ϲҺĹϵɣԼǷҶҲٶ£ǸЩϼһﲻ֪Ҷ˽ԼûС
㷢ˣҲӦòὫҶôɣϾҶһи񾳽ĸţ
ˣطΣķģǲǿԳȥˣҶ˳˼Уѯʵ
һʲô˲õĴ£ҪȻǻ쵰Բܼĸ˹ȥǺǣϹӦ֪淢ʲô°ɣҶعЦЦĿżȻʵ
ǵģСûƲĻѵѾˣԥػصƽȴβеһ˿˷ܡ
Ҷ⻰üͷ壬飬ϹûռͷһǹϵϹָʵΨһѡҶüͷϾչ
ˣȥȡһǾȥһˣʱǲֵģһһֻܿԼˡҶûжѵѯʣ˵
ãõģֻҪ˴ӦȥˣʱһУСֶӦԣҶԸͬԼһȥðգϲһȻһ󱬳Լ볣һ޶
ţ߰ɣҶֻǵĵһͷ֮ܳʱĴڣʱ˶Ŀǲģǵ˽ȥҲæ˽ȥ
ӹҶǰһһµ룬ԼڵƬдңңԡ
û뵽ѵȻƬдĸֲ֣ãǴҲֱﵺԵͨβҶ֮źϿյ̾
һﵺϹâʢһƬϼƣΧƶ䣬ڲϼҫ£Ʈ
ֵķз֮أǵڶ߸ϵ便ʲôô湦ЧӦܾ֪ɡ
ÿһΣһöȫøƹϷʮݣһŲôܳչĹܡ
츽УѾŲӰ࣬ޣޣˣȵȻһЩҶҲû塣
һѵһȴ˸еʮʥĹԣγһ޴Ĺ
һòľӹнþһϹ⣬ԵޱȣʶĿһɹɾ֮Ϲɢ
ţͬȫһʮ֮ζĸоȻûǡζʱѾζƷɢ塱ζѡ
ܵϢڳߣ׷ѵȥҶ뼫Ҳһ֮Уɽһᣬֵͷˡ
ȻԽ֮Ϣ͸ܵԽԣԽԵ֮ϢУҶҲԼܵһԵѹҹѹҲԽԽ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷͣ˽ŲӣȻܿ˿˶ֻųûע⵽뼫ͻȻվԱߵļڵطǲе֮
׵໥תġ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵طҲһ˿⣬Ѵ׵״̬ǻǲҪðȻǰˣ䣬Żɡ
ɫĿҶһۣŵһ֣ΧĻҲᷢı仯ͨţҲûоĳֵص㣬ҾǻȥѰһµĺá
ţҶ΢΢һŵѵֻҪͨŲܽô
㿴Ǳ߾֪ˣָָ꣬ǶȥЩðߡ
Ҷ̧ͷɨĿȥЩһһȻ·ȴתһŶӡ
µƬ߰ɣһʮΣÿγ֣ûйѰģֵʱ䣬Ҳһ˲֮תˣǱ֮ʱȶ룡԰ҶָǱȥ
µƬɭ֮УĴһƬһ棬Ҷ͸оһ˿ɭɭĺ⣬·ħӰԹƣԽϸ۲죬ָоԽԡ
ܵŵ쾰Щܲˣӣȴû˿赲ҶΪԼеָо΢΢Щ֡
Լһޱȿտŵأ
ʱӦ״̬˲صġ쳤ԴĴһۣͻȻҶ˵
š˭֪Ҷûͷʱһȷ紵ʹԸоһɭɭĺ⣬в˸а֮أȷʵ֪˵ЩʲôΪˡ
˰ΣҶͻȻȻʣһأͬҲһ֮أĴżĽƣʹǸ޷͸ʵΪһвԣߣա
⻰вԸҲҳڷԣֻõ˵ͷŵɭûа˿죬ȻľʢȴûκҰ޺ХûȸڣԵİıơ
ټɽֻð߽ŲҶ죬в񶼿շУȴƫƫҪֽ̤ʵصķһǰֱӡԭʼİ취ûһ˸ðȻȥƬ֮ء


946 
ڣ߽ɭֵڲܹϿǻԲķŹâµȴ޹⣬ɭɭ
ʱǽðߣ۾תתȥСĵĴΧĻʱʱ䱸ţһ֮ɫ
֮УԵɭµš
ٴǰ˴ԼʮͻȻһ羪װ죬ð߶ͻȻĵԺ
ʵ̫ͻȻˣ
ǰͻȻƾճһӣˮ˻Ʋɵ
ǾװȻǺˮһжôа죬֮ǰȻδŵˮڵİ˿ֱٽһ룬¡¡ͻȻ뵽С
ӣӣŶϣųˣͻȻֵĴӣð߲ûиеþ棬ϲǳš
Ҷʱȴȫһܣڿӳֵһ˲䣬оһĿ־塣
һȺ氡ʱͻȻҶ˿˰ʱˮǱľ޴죬ͻȻʧˣҶٴᵽϢš
Ϊʲô˻ѵǰֵĲӣҶȻ˴𰸣̲סʵôʵʵڴڵİǲҪѰô
ӣʱȴ֮ӣֻ㹻󣬲ŻתΪ֮ӣһ仰ȴ³һı
˵Щð߸ЩλƭȴԴһ֪Ҷѹе𾪣ǲǾЩðܽҲлȡ
ȷʵЩϹϷֻЩɢҲֵò˵ˣһ˿ҶȻ桮֣˼壬㹻ȡԴ֮Ҳ
ģû뵽滹ܣҶдߣþ֮Уǡշ˼еõܣԸ˵ҲΪЩðеƷ֮һ
ˣӴʱӦѾֹͣˣٽȥɣ˰ΣҶǰ˼ʮɣ֮ǰȻֳǰ
ֻǴʱĺûֱ֮ǰЩҶһðߣҲûӰҶӱߣ򾲾ĺˮȥʱͻȻоһΣˮѪ͸һаϢ˲
ҶæջĿ⣬Ǿֹˮ˵ĸоеﲻһ㣬ȻĿҲɣףʲôŶãˮжˡ
꣬ʱˮ̶֮֮ͻȻһȺι״ħ׷ˮǵذ㣬Ҷ뼫£
ħȻƴСޱأȻȫۣͷ治֪ɿΪ໹ǹΪࡣ
飬ޱ޼ʵħ㣬ɫ΢䣬ͻȻСģħ㣬ޱײУﲻɣǧЩħˡ
ʵü˵ҶҲ֪ħײУһȥЩħ˫ĿѪ죬¶ɭɭ⣬Ϊµһʱѿʼ³һ̣
ҶֵûЩϸо˿оЩһ㡣
ЩȻϮҶҲ룬ͻȻһȣ콣һжʱһȦȦνâѾﵽλ磬ʵνȣǴĹʱըѪڿⲻ׹䡣
ʱͻȻеˣûǣЩѪĿǡ
棿ҶͻȻ𣬽֮콣֮УŽâʱ߿֮죬㳤޾Ĵ𽫰յһƬͨ죬ǧħڿֱӱȼ˻ҽ
˶ӣеĹ㱻ˡ
ʱҶŻͷż㲻˵ֹͣôôͻȻðֹ㣡԰գҲı⣬ŷû㣬ȷʵûа˿飬ȴȴЩһ
ﲻһҶȴ˵лһ֮ˡ
ʱˣ쿴ųˡͻȻһָ˷ܽ
Ҷ̧ͷǰȥź󣬲ɵͷƤһ飬ɰǰһ׵Ĵ۵ĳźںˮ֮ϣӰӰ´¼ƺһӰڰɫĳƮ
ҶЩԥǷҪǰνѵʵ̫аˣ˱ԤϣǰĻĿһ߽򣬿ھߣЩġ
ģù˼ô࣬ԥ뼫ٴδǰ
ûгϣѩ״Ŀĳţͷһߴʯ֣ţ
ѪɫĿһ˿˿˵Ϣɢ˿
ĽˣڿԿˣײӲӵĳţȻѩ׵ĺǶɵģ⵽ţţǰǺˣƺѾûѡ񣬼ȻǰΨǰˣ
ˣھȥҲЩˡƺҶе뷨ͻȻѵ
ƺΪӦ֤ĻǱâһеľɫͻȻʧˣȫˣֻʣǰſɹͨУֻʱʱķĺУͷƤ÷飬⡭һ֮ã
ˣ߰ɣųˣٲߣˣҶվԭزͻȻָǰҶ˳ָķȥֻԶһƬ֣価ͷһĹš
Ȼû·̵ģֻǰˣӻеˣҶ˼һۣ̤Ű׹Ƕɵĳǰȥѩ״ۣƽϿԿͷǹǣعǣִŹǣϸСֹǡνĿģ
ʱণһ঳Х֮״Ҷ뼫ʶȥ
ֻһɢаϢĹаͻȻƿˮգһӣѩ׵ĳꪣײƣȻƿն£գ֮䣬㴩ɾ룬֮ϳһɫâҶ뼫˹
ҶȻ֪֮ϻĪΣգȴû뵽ô죬һ콣ҲǺһɳĽâǵ׽һ㡣
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һ죬ཻ֮˲չɵĲƣǿƲƹﲻ١
Ҷչ˲аԱߣٸֵĻᣬ콣Ȼͷ­֮ϣӴаըѪķɢȥ
ɾ˲䣬һͷаͻȻƿˮ棬Ըٶȥ
ͷɨһۣûκζֻɲʯȥֻ˶аȴаһ㣬˳ʮɱԸٶȵأűһεڲըѿţ׹䵽˺ӵףûж
ˣݿţҶͷżе
СģոҶԱߣͻȻɴ۾Ҷ󣬼
Ҷһһ޴ڵѸٳΣö̺Ż׵Ҷڴ˹УҶûкˣһץͻȻչǲһ֮ʣûŲ
˽ǵ״ҶµĲӰһպúһֻŴӺˮгȴ׼͵ϮҶа飬ֻ䣡һ
ǵֱֱǸаϣ̺ǿֻаź䴩˿Ӵȥصײ֮ϡ
׹֮ɷΧ棬ݣ֮ͬʱҲֻаһչգ֮䣬֮ϵİ׹Ƿ׷׵֮УһùͷɵĴʧӰ٣
ʱͨŽҶ뼫ǲ֪ھǽһ˲䣬žѾʧˡ
˿ѵϿգӰö壬Ѿ壬Ȼ٣Ƕû̫ǰƺȥᡣ
ĶһЩǿߣвٵľȻһЩѾ޻С
ֻǣ̫ңԶӰ´£ԿЩ˵ݣǿԿ϶һᱦ֮ϾҲֻöǷֻ֣ܷΪʮݣϰٹɣΪ˵õķȨһ¾ٲ˵ġ
ѵΧȻŽΣ࣬Щ嶼ûȶֵ˼
Ϊֳ֮˶֪ȡ˴˼ʵ޼һֻҪָ֣ܾ˵Ľ֣ڳЩϹ֮ȻԸһ֣ñ֮
һƬռȻɱ鲼һʱȴԵʮֵĹ졣
ҶƲƲ죬һ˿Ц֮⣺Щ쵰ϼ޻Ϲۣɣ£
ˣСĿɷݽһҶԳ䣬ͻȻһƴУ͸¶һ˿˿С
ŶҪʲôҶе㲻⣬Լϻϼһ￴۵Ķ
֮һǼ磡Ȼش
ߣ㵱ʱ˵ԼֶӦôҶ΢΢ЩŭղŹ֮ʱҪСү㣬ֻޱȣھȻҽ趫
û뵽ϼһ⣬繦ܣҶ಻֮ôϼһʹá
ٺ٣С˵ˣС˵ֶεȻҲڣȻģ΢΢ЭСһҲɡٺһЦеεĻӦ
˵ɣЭҶԣҲʵ
ܼ򵥣ǡʱʹǾ֪ȡһݸҶ
ãʲôܣҶӹ͹һɫᣬеɻ˵
ţһ;ᣬȡһɲǣʹô򿪴ͣͻñ赲ֻҪ´⴫;Ϳˡһμʮ֮侲˵
;᣿벻㻹ֺöľñҶЦЦĿżб˼ʮ֮ˡ
;ᣬСķѾĻҲֻŪôһţҪǻУһˡﻹҶ˼æ˵
ԭҶԴ΢΢һƫЩɥػصͬʱ֮Ｘ£ƺǳϲӣе㲻ʹ˼
Уһˣ;ȻϡУôܱȵֻҪǵõٺ٣ʱҪʲôƷԡ


947 ݳý
ţãȻӵ;ľ֮ҾͬһȥȡҶȡ磬һУҶϣϻƹһʧˡ
ȫ֮Ҷæʩչв֮ϢǱȥ;һϢ磬͵ľ䣬ֲüʱԶȡôˡ
˿ѵڴæڶԵƣȻû뵽˸ð´Υ̵İϷ
֪Ҷ뼫ػ£͵֮棬ȴһɫֵסȥ·ڴֲµһˡ
ֽҶǺް취̧ͷ˿ԼԱߵļȻϼһҪȡӦ׼ɣ
ˣ쳽˼£Ҷͷʾ֪ż΢΢һЦȻоһһ̧ʮָֺâţϢİֱ֮ϡ
ʱâ֯һ΢
ƽ֮ʱػֵ춯ӦڴˣʱءһҶԭصһͻȻԱһЧӦʹԭƽĳ̴
ⷨԱԵһЩѾ˼һȻ˭Ҳûע⵽ֵ΢С仯
Ƭ̺ۼ˫ѾӲ˽Уâ֮£Ȼ˫һ֣ꡱֱ˲ѿһϸĿӣҶϲɫһಣಡҶ뼫ӹһ֮¶˽ɫ֮Уٴֺϣ˿ǰǾ޴룬Ҷѵõ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
֮ʵڲľӣɾһͨޱȣɫ̵Щ쳣
뼫͵ݽһ˲䣬ɲ֪ʱϼǧâ͸뵣ʥĹԳӯڵÿһռ䡣
ѤöĿͷףʫ续̺򻨴УһɵСҡҷ򻨹裬㡢һƮƢ
ʵĹ⻪ڻ֮仺ʥĹ絴ƻá
ʱһƮɢ˹㲻ͬڹڵĻ㣬һ˵ĸоصʡгƺӪһ޷Աʫ˲ɣһƬ顣
ּˣоԼƺеǳһƬͣһľ統С
ƺҲѣһƬˡޡݶ΢˫ۣվš
ԽԽŨңĹ⻪ҲԽԽ貣ʥһһƬ͡
Ȼһ̣һ˼鷢ˣ˵룬ϼϺΧĺĲ֣һ貶ĿĹâ
ҵĹâʮҫգǧڴ˹â½ʧȥɫʣ֮ؼΨһ
Źâĳָӷҷ֮϶ŵ㣬ʱҶҲ֮ǰ״̬عֻʣǵ֮⣬һգգע
ҫ۵Ĺâȥ⻪ɳ𽥱ͣͣһ˸о񾲵ʥڡ
һ̣ת׽֮״̬Ҳ˵Ҫˣ
ʥϷϼػ룬һ侧Ө͸Ļҡҷ߲ʹâ貵Ĺ⻪Ƕ京ŵš
ʱţתڳ֮˶Ŀһδӻľٲ֮ʱֻʣĿžӨ貵ֹӶֻȭͷСʮƬӨ͸Ҷ
һȥÿһŹӶһ㣬֮ɣһ
ʱȡʱ͵ݵ·ҶҲͲסֱӷڶ𣬿ǣһժһöͬʱͻȻϹһһϼֱӺҶϡ
ϼȴûʲô˺ֻǽҶƵֱӵ˻ĸоһɼҶؿڣ˵ǵϼûʲô⧲ҶȻƿ
ؿڷ·ײʲôӲĶһ㣬Ѿ෢ˡ
ģϷнƣҶһ£ҲçײˣҲǣҪôȡЩһҲֻվһɵɵĴˡ
콣콣õƵǿȣ
ˣҪ³çҶľٶòæֹЩһҶͬʱһ͵ľʱӦһɾ޴Ϸ·һεһ㣬ס˵ȥ·
ֽǲƽģһƣҲܵ𻵡СĿ˿ܣû˭ע⵽ŵöԿֻӵԿˣȡ
԰գ֪Цȡһˮʮּܣʱ⻪תϣأ
ҶԿʱ΢΢һҲȡһ뼫һģһԿ
ҶͻȻҲȡһԿû뵽˾ȻӵԿǰ˵ӵԿΪϷŪСأ˵΢죬ǰҶŪӡ
ҶȴûἫǴߴٵ˵βԿȡȡǾ͵뿪ʡҹζ࣬¹ʣ
˵һȣʱѳϴҲҪʼڸƻƴ֮ʣǲźȡȻܻ鷳˭֪ĻŸո˵ꡭ䡫¡¡
һ޴ıӵϴŵʯ֮һƬҶ뼫ܶһ󼱾ĲʹʲôصĴС
ٺ٣ЩһһļһĻҶ뼫ϲ֪ϴѾʼˡ
ʱҵľѾ֣û˭˼ˣȡ;Ѵˣʱļĸٵʱ˲伴ţæҶ
нƣβժȡҶ˼Ļüͷ΢
ܼ򵥣ֻҪԿԶĽ棬Ȼժѻ˵꣬ͽԿ˳ȥԿʱΪһ׹ƿնȥ
Ҷһ΢΢һᣬҲеԿ˳ȥ׹ڿռ֮УĿʼΧȻ۳һѳڳ׹ľԿǾԿ͵һ˲֮䣬Ȼʣһöȥ
ֻǰâһǰѾԿͣһöԱߣͻȻǴתٶԽԽ죬ԿˣͺǶƬһ㣬һͽֻһѱҶС
һֻˣƬվƺڷĳı仯ռ֮Уһпʼγɣת֮䣬оȻѾɷԲֱ쵽Ҷ뼫ǰ
ֱʱ΢΢һЦϲɫǱԿȥڸոհԿͬʱоȻȻʼӵͻȻһϹ⣬һܽ˼УʱͬʱҲʧ
ͬ飬ȻҲҶǰԼǰһ˲䣬Ҷֻһתһ۵Ľֱ۾һۣ鲻Խı˫ۡ
Ҷڶ۾ʱȴԼв֪ʱѾһö΢΢۾һپһĿ૵ó˵ģ̺ѿµĺˣ
㲻ʹãԿֲĺܣʱҲͬõļ΢вĿеһۣȻ֮ݵҶǰ
Ҷ˼һۣĽ˹ڻʱ򣬼Ȼд뷨Ҷȴӣټ֪˿̸ͲʱҲֻգҶܡ
ãˣϹϮˣʱͻȻɫһ䣬죬봫ϣü
ħҶҲɫ䣬ʶһչͷΪһöֱӵĽ֮Уȡ֮ҵ͵Ĵ˼ѿĴС
ͣʱʱ˼
ɾڼͬʱͻȻһܻ󵨣Ȼȡ
η󱲣ѵɢ𣡡
쵰˭ڵȡ

ȻѾ˷ߵ쳣ƿշɶ֮𣬽ű췭ظɱҶ뼫Ƭռ
𣿡Ҷ׹һ˾һ³˼ԱߣȻеʵ
ˣˣѾˡæָԼµǰɫȦ˵ϣüȻþǿߵĹǶǱɣ
ˣ˵ϻˣˣʹͰɣҶһ˵깤Ļ˵飬һ֮˾ͳ˴Уע
ͬʱͷպȻ˿һɫĹţȺⱬƵнһ޴иǴ
һ¶þȻһͷʮɵķħһǷħеߡʥħҶ뼫ˣͬʱɫ԰ޱȣû뵽һĶô죡
ʥħҲһۿ˴еҶ뼫ͬɫ䣬Ŵе
ɵСӣ
ʥħŭ֮һ˼һſڣһŻֱǵɫĹȦȥ
ֻҪ˴󣬴Ȼʧܡ
ڷͬʱʥħһΣŭȥͼҶ뼫Ĵ͡
ĶȻЩˡ
Ҷ˶Żʮӳ俿һ⣬Զݺķʥħȴûһ˿ܵ˼
ΪѷɫĹâҶ뼫һ¾С
ʥħ˷ǰʱҶ뼫ڹâһģ󣬲Ӱ
ʱӱսĹţҲ׷Գ࣬Ҳ壬ÿϣǾŭһ񾳽ǿߣҶ뼫ֻҪһ϶ڴˡ


948 Сʩֶ
öȻҶ뼫ȥöκû뵽ģʱѳþٴʱǻֻΪʣöܶ˴ˡ
˭ֻҪþǲŹӵöҶֻҪڱ纣ЩϹ֣ͲҶǵġ
ʱһƬɫĺϣ¼žûʲô˳֣Ҳû˿ĺ紵һжӣûκλһƬ
ɾʱĳһĺˮͻȻӺðһɳˮˮһҫâƾճˮϿգһӰڣ·һཻ硣
δȿصǺˣâο£Ȼʧһȴˮǧ״
ڰУâеӰͣĳ֣ͣʧתۼ䣬ͬ˲ưĻΪߵһ㣬󲻼ӰһĶӡ
ԶƬǧâһ˸ɢȻֳһһСӰ
һһСһں֮ϣ쳣Ĵһ£ûûʲô󣬲Ŷһӡ
һһСѵ󣬱ͳҶͼ
˻ξ֮ڣʱ䣬޷ء˳Ƭˮڵķ˵
Щ񾳽Ϲ֣᲻Ҳ;һͳҶȴûеģüͷһ˵
ĺˣ;ᴫͳصطأпܾξҲпԶ֮صط˭ʶҲûͬʱôķΧģ΢Ц˵
ͺãҶһĵͷ
ˣѾŭЩϹʵû㹻ǿʱҪСĵˡ΢е㵣ǵǱ纣ֻҪЩϹһþȫТʱǾˡ
ߣѳþһЩϲģֻҪȲס򲻹ѵܲôҶһΪ
˿ǧô룡΢΢Щɫǰ񾳽ǿߵĶ㣬ΪǶ˼ɵۣȫʩΪȴǲͬˣ˴ʱöΪЩϹ֪۷Ҳǲڹ˼ʲôˣȫᣬʣǿȫһô
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䵽ϺҶ˼һۣȻʶһɨȷСû˺ֱӽСһѨУȥ
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Ҷһ仰һ˵۾һӾˣͰһָ
ô㲻Ը𣿡Ҷ
ҡСԴͰͿҶЦԸ⣬ȻԸ⣡
ҶżǧϹ¶һӣȻʧЦ־ȡһöһΪһݵУſڵָҲ֪ҪöٲŹһӦ㹻ˡţ٣ԺʹѨУϿظ壬һţ˴ġ
ԼϹõʱʥħԼɱʱǵĳҲе£ָܻӵǰʵʱǿɱҲˡ
ҶӸ˼ϹСһţæסֵؿҶһۣϹǻȻҶе뷨һۺͽ˶С
ʱ˿̣ⱩСүʵ̫ˣϣ϶ҪʧȻһܾҪװ˷أżǶУҶа̾һɵ֮У޼ʵغˮ
֪Ҫã棬ԼϾֻ˵û仹һЩصĹЧԶڼҶⷽȫİġ

ʱڷͻȻһ֮סڣмĺХ֮д
ͬһ㰡Ҷ΢ЦڶϿţʶſС͸Ķһǽģüȴ¶һ˿ĿЦ
˿֪ԼһεȵĿضֹôݣֱΪ֮ɫ䰡
ҶЩͷʹĵһͷһ۶еΣѾΪʵʣڱڣԼϿ·ȴɳʯɵһƬ
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ҶǣСϿգ֪ʱһֱʮضƣǲţ֮
䣬γ©״¶ָ˶ڷԵ췣֪᲻ᾪʲôϲҪЩϲ֮ǰûɹǿɾͶˣ
Ҷعͷ˼ʱɫһȻ̧Ŷڵķȥ
ϼһﲻʧܰɣҶŶɵһƬкȻһŹֵͷ
ʱһЦ֮ҶĹͷ
ȻԽΪһ壬Ҿɴ˵е޽ʥˣҹȻûжĴǼֻʱЦԵúͿϲ֮⡣
ǴʱҶһ֪ΪΣϾЩֻһսˣ˫ĿǼޱȥ
Ŀ龰Ҷ΢΢һ
ǶѾ۳ʵʵѲӰȡ֮һʮ֮˶֮
ͣ
ƲϷеĵڽεȻһɾ޴ѹӽв·ѹ£һ˲·ռѹ࣬ڰеҶеࡣ
ƺԼϴζɽƴϽٱѵ֮ͬ£ҲǲͬҶĬĬУ֮һȻɣ֮Խأ֮ԽǴ󡣡
䣡
һ޴죬еĽƻΪһɫִ·һѴӿдһǰƣֱһͷ·ȥ·ɱħħһ㣬Ȼ뻯ȡ
ɣڶڴǾһ쳹صĴȣֱӭףͬʱſ죬Ȼһɫ磬ɲɫ׵㱻Ǿȫ˿УͬʱǾ˸
⡭ϹʲôҶ𾪿һС
˲ǣı滹ʱڵĵ绡Ĵͣͣķ΢֮
ҶɫˣаԼǰūΪôãμҪ¶Լβˡֻǲ֪ϼһһֱԼкͼ
δҶϸ˼ף·ǾȴѾǵ׺ҶҶʮɾʱֹͣǰĿҶյһϡ
ãܺãĺܺãҵļƻȷûʲôĿ¶Ź֮ɫ˵
Ҷ⻰һһżȴһδ
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ϼһԼɲҪˣҶ֮˫һʮָͣŸʽ૶
ʱһγɵĻ껷˼ϣһ껷ѸٽǶϹĲӺϣĽġ
ٺ٣껷֮ҵһ꣬ҵ𣬺ٺ٣ûʲôõġҶ껷һԼϣȴ¶֮ɫ˵
ȻжްĻһһ˸һһ껷Ȼѿһڣɢ˿УһӣһâҶ
ȻԤϣۼһĻҶȴҲ΢΢һ£ûκοǵһſڣһӿڸ߿ֱӱը˼һ󣬺ɵ˶ȥ
ôܣ㲻ôɣʵҲɱ㣬ܺϵ汦ҪˣɣķҲûж˰ɣҿԱΣǶһ£¶Ц˵
Ҷ⻰ȴɵð̾ϢһԷҪᱦɱ˵ͼԲˣ˿ǲᰲһˡ
뵽⣬ҶԸ˷ѿ׷ѰʲôԭɣԸ˵ʲôϻɫһΪǿˣ˫΢΢һֳڡ顱һƺڼ𣬿һ̣䡱һ촫
͡һѪⱬ˿żδӰе˶ȥĵĻ˼º󣬼֮ɫŵ㡭㣬쵰ҵ궯ʲôֽţ
ʲôֽţǺǣûʲôֻں˼аˣҶϵ΢ЦţȴǺȻ֮
ϼһ徿ǿʲôĶỵ̄Լһ괦ķȻֻըһѪҶеţԱ̲źųƷپһл𰡣
ҵ˷鼸Ҫɳˣ˼Ҫһ±ڲ֪ʲôС㲻㡱ҶȻô֣ʵ̫սϹˡ
Ѹո޽ʥԵֵһ·Ա޽ʥϾǴڳʼ״̬СԼķ̫Ļ˭˭⻹Ĳ˵
һʮֱֱֹҶʵڲСһʲôֶΣȻԼУԼС
ѲɶԷһ񾳽Сӣһһֱڰϻǿߣ뷨һ֣üųˣҡҡͷ뷨Ĩȥ


949 
ϻˣȻ飬СӣֻǴﵽ񾳽磬ֻǱԷͻȻķԱе㲻ˣڻץʱ䳹׽ҶĨɱƾԼ޽ʥ壬ԱһӦҲܳܵס
뵽ľһ񣬺ݺݶ˸Ҷ󣬾һ̧ϣһӣͬʱҲ֮Ҷ
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Ȼ͹ҶֶΣڲ˱ĵҶɴڳλζº󣬲˵ĵȥ
һ£úػˣֵļæһƺҪȡʲôƵģǽĶ俴ĺɫС𻨣Ϣĳ֮֫
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ֽ֣ҶҲ΢΢˿ͬʱҲһ֣黹ûꡣ
ǺɫһҶ½۳СɵĻƯܣһƾճ֮С
ˣͣͣūһɣʱɫд˼ľʧֻҪūһūԸԻ̺֮ˣҲˡūõ湦ʤԸһһˣūмܶڶرūԸˡ
Խ˵ٶԽ죬¶ıҲԽؾԳūƺҲΪ˿̵Żֻк׵ľˡ
汻ŻĻɢֱɢͶ̥Ϊ˵Ļᶼûˡ
˵ЩջҶʹ־ԶˣѾ¶Ҫϼһ˿ҲɵȻĶ¶ֳ֮ɫ
ҲҶԥͬץסһݰ˲ҪЩѵԺЩ񾳽ϹϮɱôöЩϼһҲŹģⱩ纣ûСػؗҲҪЩϹУΪȫͲӦɱСģ
֣ҶĿ£ɫڶ̾һһӣ
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ţͺáףл˵Ҷһƽʵʲôֱ˵ɣ
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ҶߡһûǵͷĬĬüһӿˣ
ıֻ֤а˳ɣǻ𣿡ҶͻȻף˫ü˵
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֮֮أ޻壬ٺ٣Ҫȡ飬˵ʵֻȡȻ˷ŹСģҳֵҶǻæ˵
Ҷһϸ˵ּʵǰ˵ʲô
⡭΢ԥһ£Ӵˣס֣˵˵
ƺҪʲôҶûڵĻᣬֱָԷһͷԣûֱˣöԷľϸ˿ڣ
𾴾ƲԳԷƣñʲôʵĻشҵ⡣Ҷ̹ǡ
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ŶԭֲҸղŲٿû˼ЧԭĮҶڶˣǷҪüٻƭأ
⣿ᣬᣬūھ׳Լ꣬һٺæԼһ꣬ƮҶǰ
ҶɫһƺԷһͽǰУֻץż֣ͻȻ׹ţָʹһϣ
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ΪֹҶûŪ֮ҪϲʩطԤȷĲлٴƭԼԼɾҪ군ˣ
ǿзǵͨҶһ㶼ֵģҺԼ裬ϼһﻹûǰ޽еҺýļ֮УȻԼҪϹˡ
ξõķǳ棬صͲ˵ˣܵõӳȫǿ
ָҲǳ棬ȫָû˿ۼûκθо񲢲Ĵڡ
ڽָһĿռ䣬һޱߵ棬Ӧκ壬£ȴƾճҫ۵Ĺͬ磬ռֻнֻɫһƿ룬ֹҶһɫƿ˲С
ƿһ鼫ƷԲκοƳɣ⻬羵桰ҺɫСԵʮֵĿ
ҺһлܵĲԼҪǿ˷Ǻ֪Ľ뼫֮а
ֻƿǶӦһЩҺ壬ɫƿеһֽɫζҺ壬ɫƿһɫҺɫƿζʮŨɫҺ壬ҺΪƿӶûƣҶҲ֪ҺЩʲôЧ
Ȼɹ˼Ҷϣû¶ϲ֮ɫһԳͿЦ֮ɫ
Ҳѹ֣˴ξ֮УԼԱʮѪжķԱˣԼİܼӰȻԱһֳõĹֶΣÿһ޼֮Ҷ˵
ڳ˼еҶкȻһ˿ѹָУܲڣ񡢾ģʹ˺ܶ취һҲûܵӰ죬ȴ޷֣ô£
ʶ˲չȴûзκǿУ΢΢һӦãΣաҶڡһվɵ˲ţγһ׹֣ƮȻºɱȥ
ˣҪȥ⣬ʶչ޾ˮҶٶȫﵽ˼ޡ
ιһܻӰжٹĥ
һƬ嫵ĺС
ˣϸ磬˵һλп𣿻Ǹൽ׶㵽ȥˣôֻҵ
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ܻεˮԳ˲УˮԳһһֱΪҶأںò׽˰ΧȦ֮УÿˮԳ˷֮
ϸ磬ȻвĺһˮԳֺǺ˵Ȼת־һȻӳҶ콣һֱӴĺ
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ҶգҶȷڵλãԼøҵȻ뿪
ʱ䣬Ҷȷж·ߣҶٴδˮ
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ҶٴγˣһҶ֮ãʮ֮Ҷֳˡ
ŹĻҶٶҲһЩԼܵʹҲࡣ
͵ϮӣȻȫϢˮУõ˸ټ
һ·Ҷɱ˶ʮˮԳˣд󲿷ֶǴﵽ񾳽ˮԳҶ뷨Ϊ͵ģԼɱҲûʲôãˮԳһһЩ
ھкԶһҶһˮдǧˮɽŴһ·ϺܶϵĴɽΡ׳ۣ׳ΨһźǣûкϢɪһļžתۼȹγһƬɽͣɽȻվ߶ȿʼ½ҶһϲǺǣϾҪˡ
½һġǧ׵ĺɽɽţ޴ĺˮѹʱֶҶγһ֣ܿͻָ̽ڵľλãȻһ㶣ˮƺһХм޺
ʲôںҶȻǳңԶţȷںУˮԶԼ˸һ˿˿â
ѵˮԳһ΢΢һҶʱϲ⣬ǰ룬ҶƮȻǰˮȥ
ǰһǳĺɽȣʯͻĴܲɽʱʱҶŭ𣬽֣Բ㣬ƺˡ


950 
ͬʱ޺𲻾ڶâˮʣ뺣޲
Ҷʶܿ쵽սȻϣʮֻΧѾΪ֮
ֱˮУȫѩף߳塢ף۾ͨ죬ʮͷˮԳֻΪһͷͷʥֻڡһͷڡ
ˮԳ۷׹⣬ſѪڣһѪɫˮС죬˷мͷԼԪ飬âγһķ֣һ档
սǧ׷ΧһƬǽ壬Ƿǵʯͷ׵һӣŻûüɢѪʮˮԳʬƮܣӹɣսѾ˺ܾá
仯ˮԳ񱩣ƴƵ첲ֵѪˣҳϣʱ䣬ԪγɵķֱֵѸһ룬ܿҪ߽⡣
Ҷ룬ХһȥһڹֱڵˮԳ
ҶХȫһʱ񣬷ʼˮԳȴʧ룬һƬң໡ŭУͷڵˮԳҶķкܿ͵¡
ʣʮͷܻˮԳ֪˵Ĺ̫ߣ⣬һѷתͷܣתۼʧӰ٣ǰˮԳʬ塣
Ҷ׷ȥնݳ˵̫أò뷨
ϴ󡭡һ׹лΪѾҡҡ׹ȫ˵־̱Ԫ黹ûջأƮߡ
ҶæǰסȡһƿеһҺĿУ˵ҪϢˣʲôµȻ˵
Һ󣬼ѵص˵ͷ͵붨ˡ
Ҷ붨ףип࣬ͬʱɻҲ٣ԼֿѵһֱˮԳһ׷ɱǿʲô׷ɱ֮ģ
ˣˣһжסҶ̾һܣǰˮһƬڰ룬ߣĿ񣬽ʶŵ󣬾
ҺȻ棬ʥҩ˵ٶȼ죬ƱѾأǲʱʹ붨˹˻ϣȫָ
ҶһƣüЦϴ󣬽Ҫ㼰ʱϵٺ٣үҪˣ֮죬ͲིãһЧȮ֮ͣǡ
ҶЦǺǵ˵Ѿཻ໥ӦõģС£ݵᡭŶˣѵԴϴηһֱûˮԳһ׷ɱ𣿺Ǻǣ׷ɱôãȻûҵ
ҶĻͷ΢죬˼˵ҲãЩ쵰һֱ׷ɱڣοҪˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҡͷ˵ҪˣڻǸϽ뿪ˮԳһºܿͻɱˡ
˵ҶһֺˮɽȶȥҲٶ˵ʲôæϡ
ͬʱԾ׹ȿڣںУҶ΢΢ߵǰ֪ڲˮԳһ壬ⱩֻҪ΢еʵ¶ԼΧʱ裬ȫʶ󵽼ޣΧˮһ춯
˼ӿٶȣ߾ȫˮмͬʱСرܿˮԳһΧȦķΧ
ҶεΣһЩ޻Ǻܿ͸ӦǵϢ׷ٶĺܿͷΪߵȴǽ׷ᡣ
һ·ϲк޼׷Ķ飬ԽԽ࣬塢ͷ޽βҲжڵΪ;ڼӡ
ƺƵ·׷٣ƼΪƴ󣬸˾ǣǰԶҲ޴ĺȻдǰ½ء
쵰ǰȥˡҶԼͬͣ˽Ų
ҪҺ塣ҶϣȡҺֳΣһһºչ磬Ѱס˵ضʱλޣһĬĬϢϢȫޡ
˼ӣҶһߡ֮һӰûȷʵһɫӰӣƺûκϢˮиţ֣ٶȿò˼飬˲ܶƶǧס
ҶںʯвҶһ£ȴӰ֮һͷͷ޷ַ·׺ܿѻȸһļž
ӰƬˮε˺ܾãƺѰʲôһһ񣬷ëȻֽк󣬴һȺˮԳʧԶ
һϹͷɫˮԳˮԳһռϹ֣ʵ񾳽磡ӰԶȥӰҶδڡͨ˺ܾòƽ̾һƶȥ
һ·ͣؿںʵ״ҶƬˮѾʼһЩ漴ͣЦе˵ӦóˮԳһĹˮˣ
һɫԲ԰ף˷ִһ˿Σ־һף壺ϴЩӣ㾿ȻʲôҵҺ壬治ѣôõģ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷЦƨûԺҪУһģҲһϡ
ͦˣţԲѣãүֻҪбѰ첻¡ز£յľҲȥ
ŶҪڣٴͷɫˮԳȥһ棬ɸңҶ΢ЦĿȡЦ
һ뵽ͷɫˮԳ˸ϻصԴٺһЦС˵ٺ٣ͷˮԳֲ̫ˣʮҲɱĽҿɲȥ
Ҷͷ˵ţͷˮԳŵϢʱǿʱ˵ûȫû²Ļпһͷոմﵽ񾳽ˮԳǵʱ֣ԻĽ
񾳽磿ģǰôµİôȫţ±˲֪񾳽Ƶģѵ۲̽һɻ
ΪЩϹﻹʲôġҶĻش
¶ȵĿ⣬ʧе㲻ңǸϲֶɣ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ૵ģֱժģһСģժö
ָҶʹһĭͰ͵˵㡭ȷϷŪңүģֱ̫̫˼ˡ
Ҷüͷ壬ʵЩ񾳽ϼһΪеȫû˹żʵǳֲԶǵĶ֣ǸϽ뿪ĺá
Цүųöϴһ˾ժ˶öǴŭˣ֪纣СǧÿγҪƽǧݡеĴ嶼ֻܸռʮݣĶҪƽֳȥŭѵϴ󵽺ãһξͲһ룬ЩôܷŹ㡭ӣЦõǰٴȥ
֪ôҵʱ治֪᲻ȥˣھͳȥҲˣ˵ζѷ͸˭ͣȻˣԼźˣѾǰ˺ԶҶҲæһ·
Ȼ֪ôҶðգ紩ڿз裬ʵʵŵϢָҶҲͬʱץʱԼξеõһЩƷضһЩƷĹ÷Ҳ
ʱһعȥһ·ϵҲоգһºҶٶȷУδ£뺣ѰأǰϢŵһͰĺꡣ
͵ѾǰˮˣѾѼκ޵ΧˣЩһʱ̲׷ˣҵһܶʱӦþܸϵûбҪټи·ˡ
ܶҶ˵һ㶣תۼˣ΢΢һЦǺǣߣʲˣ
Ӧǽ߲Ŷԣá֣βѣٺһЦæ
ãܱУٺ٣ǻǸϽϢһϣø·Ҷν˵һ·ľԱʵûкúϢһˡ
˵ͷһתͽһɽУڴԼ塢ʮƽףƽıȴι״ȻȻγɡ
Ҷһ˶޲ڣǳΣˮŪɣȻץʱϢ
õģүģ붴ںþʯڷգȻſһھ͵ˮʣˣҶԴѼֲ֣ܿ˸ط붨ˡ
ȡʮħڶⲼһ׵Ļ󣬳Ƭ̣ǲģڶڲһ֣ȻűĿ붨
ڶ峿ΪصԼϳԵʮֵ˷ܣҪ춨ϣѸףȻֱϷ߮ٶȿ㣬ܿγǧٶȻ
ڿڷ˰պҶͻȻףĶС죿ͦԶġ
Цһ٣Ӻ󣬺Ȼͣһɽȣһֻѿڶһڴҵһˣ㿴һ
һ죬ͣһֱһһͷ׹ͻȻӶƮ˳ˣˣ
ףţڽм³ⷽԲǧȥ̽һ£һ춯͸֪ͨҡ
׹¶ɫʲôҲû˵ֵֻһת˫ڣˮ΢һֻֻ޴ˮӿ˳
ٺ٣ͰȫˣǽȥɣΪҶٺһЦ
ţȷʵû뵽»ģǺǣҶ΢Цĵ˵ͷ޵
ٺ٣ǶôүûܹˣôܲСĵ㣡һ˵ŶڷȥҶһЦҲ
붴ں󣬾һͨ˴ıڹʯͻأͨͨ︲͵޺̦ʯ䳤ɫֲʱֵСͺش󣬲һͶϹϾվһԡ
Ҷһͨ塢ףǰһǣ·ߣҶɻ䣬ƮҲ࣬ұ˼£Ҷֻ۾һұȻһŻ
ٺһЦҶ˻֣ȽŻҶæϣƮ룬ʱסˡ
һޱȵĿռ䣬ѵ̫ˣռߴɣǳƽףıڹ⻬羵覣ȫǰʯ̽ɣԲεĶǶǧľʯ˸ʮɫĹ⻪õǳ


951 ǿ
ռУһž޴İɫëƤ⣬һԵرտ⵽ĵһͬҶ΢΢ɨһۣȷûͬ󣬻˽ȥ
Ҷϸ鿴һʵ򵥣֮ǰˣͨԳɻ󣬺ǸԭӦòɣȣˣ
ëƤϢһ㶣漴Ҷ˼ɥ鲻ԽصԴС˵ǰˮĶҵһλͳΣ˼ҵܾңƽ˶ͳΪҾ֮ˡ
ԭˣȥͲҪˣǵĽδҶ߹򣬵˵
šͷ
䣡䣡ͻȻڴ죬Զ׼кǿйһ
ˣˣͷߴŰˮʮλǿƶһκ޵ײײܽҵٱ
쵰ͷǼһ𣬾Ҵ۵үͷڡһ´ëƤվŭ䣬ŨŨɱȫضŶڣɶ
Ҷæǰסȵ侲㣬ҪȰԭɸ˵
ֹҶ˿ղܽĺޣüͷ΢壺ܹ˶ٺޣ֪ΪʲôҪκ޻æ˵һ˶ʮλǸԴ£ΪʲôҪ򡭡Ϊκ˵ʱڿҶһۺȴ
ͷϵһתͷضһúκͨзë߶µصԴ
ɱһһٵ˵վǰǱүϴʻҵʻ𣿡
κ޻ðսս޷ضݣæصͷС֪СףСĲҡ
׾ͺãһת˵ɣͷǻ쵰ΪʲôҪ˹
κ޻Ҫµ棺ͷ˵Ѫ鹬ˮ鸮ĴѾʮʮ׷ɱ纣ͨһࡣ
ʮ׷ɱҲүǰ㹻ͣȻ߼ɱˣһԴţתҶҲ侲ڣӦô죿
ǵĹ»ֶܼãҶȴûлشʻǷʵ
ţ£˵⣬ͻȻͣסתͷһֱڵϵĺεĺ޵˵
ֱκ˳ܵʯϰ˼º󣬶ʱ䣡֣ûˣѾҷˣҲڣһʱǾԲܹģ
ţͺãʱӦùˣҶĪ˵һĻʵˮжһжλ
Ȼ֪ҶЩʲôã˵ˮʮ˵죬϶Ϊûһ࣬ҿԿ϶֮以ϵͷߡڰѪĹϵУкٵйٵطǱ纣ħߣûһڴռ쵺죡
ȻˣǴ˵زܾ治ϴˡ¡Ҷת˼·
۰Ͱ͵ضų˼еҶһֹӡ
ĬһҶ̧ͷ˵ŻЩһ
ʲôǽǸ׽ˣҶĻһߣȵشе
ǺǣҵȻĴ£㾡ҵĻˡҶ΢΢һЦȡ磬ʾ
ԭ⣬ٺ٣үģЦڿ˼ºˣŻѾ򿪣ǰ쵰ܿͻˣٺ٣
ţˣɣҶ˵󣬾˲Ƭռʧȥμ
Ҷ̩ɽʵҲڴģر磬ֻܱʱ״̬붨ע
䣡Ҷ״̬ãһ춯صľ죬ɽҡΣʯݷأ
ʲôƨǰһһȺޣһͷͷβĺ޴´߽˴󶴣񣬺ܿ͵ҶĲڡ
쵰ôûˣͷˣǰһƬһеľ޴ռ䣬ͷĺɫ쳣ѿŭ
ʮͷι״ĺ޷ɵͷߣʧѣһͷںȿڣҲѾ֮ززΪѪ鹬ʹͣǷӦתƷ򣬼׷ȥ
һںͣ˵öԣ϶Ѿǿйȫǰ׷ˣϧˣѪһְλ˭Ҳòˣ
ͷĿ˸ĬƬ̣˵Ȼλ֮ǿܻӵĲԶҪ˷ʱ䣬λϱ׷ϣΣһҵ࣬ߣ
ڵһûͷ˵Ҳ޵漴Ե¡ɵسˣܿͻָ˵ƽ
ӺѾˣȰ಻סֱͦӣҶȴͻȻ𶯣ǻûߣǱ棡
һʩչĶܼʶӰƮڣȴСڵڸ߿֣ʱȻ򣬰һͷͷߣļȷʵȻΪ
ʣСУԼܺܵľֻҪԼҶһȥͻǸΧˡ
еǵĴϴô죿ҪЩ쵰ǿһֱغȥҪԶĴˣҪɱȥˡ
ҶҡҡͷȫǻðգǼϲǺܿͻһνǺǣ
е㲻ĴѵǲǾͲܶһֱǸɺȥҪүˡ
ҶгĴǺǣǲһֱȥģϾҲȷǾ֮УһĵıǵҰռȨֻҪϼգӦþˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳ˿ȫҶȻˣȵϢһᣬʲôʱԳȥͽң
ţҶ΢΢ͷ
ʱ֮ںȻֽ˴֮УڴÿһϸĲһ΢΢еţҶŵĴûµģҲģǺǡ
ҹѰںʼһ񣬸ͷɥ̾ѰȳҲ½͵㡣
ͷҧгݣĿ¶׹⣬໣໣ŭ𣬼ŭʹҡҡ׹ʯ׷¡
ںһһͷƾֳӴ磬ʲôˣ˽ƻǱ纣شɣ
ͷ˦һŻͷҡΣŲæظ¸¹ֽеߣҪǱжܻⷽĹ˼ɣǱˣͷѾѪ鹬˾ɱǻù˼ô࣬ȻûץˣҾͻϳ
ãȻˣҲһݣںһ⻰Ҳŭ죬ԼѰѾĻѰ˰죬ȴһֻýǻŭŵⶴ֮ˡ
ãһͷߴһһѾ޽ƾճ֣޽ڹʢںҲԷһ໥ײȻеĹȫ޽
޽ǧӰÿһӰ潣һģһ˰·γһ񽣡
뽣ӰཻȫǿĴͬһ磬еʯȫʵ÷ǣһ׿ʮĴӣʯĽ
䣡һ춯صľ죬ҡΣʯݷأĿ֮ǵصʯĿǽ壬һĽ
ߣӼȻѪҲԺùͷߴſĴЦԶȥ
ͷһ޽Ҷ͸е²ɵһͬһεĶȥû߶Զ͵ضɽҡұڲ䡢ͨ泾
ҶѪڣҴܣ綼ԶʧЧѪӿɤţһѿڶǿǿ¡ʮ񼶺۶ɵľ޽֮Ȼ춯أֳ֮Ҷ
ҶһͬʩչٴδӶȻشվſڲ쿴һᣬⲢûлͷߵ˵ӰѾ޹ֱʱ˿
عҶѾһƬشұڿѣķ϶ҡҡ׹طʯˣԭĿռ÷ǳխ
ҶעĿãüͷ΢壬˵ѪһʲôְλȻЩ˷Ѱǣ
ʲôְλүģѪеЩԴ϶ˮˣ˿ˮ˵ÿĻᳬʮȨеֱڳϻᣬһеΧҷ¿ն࣡
һôȨҶһѽֲЩʲô׷ôˣ
ȻˣһСʱʱ̶֮̿ǵ˰ٱϧүûеڶȻ붪ǣŪΪΪһһź˵
Ŷ𣬲֪Ұ㽻ȥѪЩ˻᲻ŹˣҶ´΢Ц
ų죬үģϴ㲻ôɣ㣬˵õһûܹˣҿɲŰ񱻴һƹͻȻе
ҶͷЦ׻˵ͷֶΣЩҲȲѣ
ּٻӶһҲܶϴ㡭
˵ˣҶ˵⼸ֺһԲٶȳķ棬ѰòԶһʯȫϢһעŻ档
ȻƬ֮һͷɫˮԳ˴֮УڴлصٵѲӣȻã֮ʱ֮һ羪װڴ֮С
䡱һԭǷĴӲǰһ紵ĵ棬ѰʮףѲãɫˮԳŲòĵȥ


952 ·
СӣǧҪһʬΣ˱һҪõ֮лصɫˮԳǰµĺݻ
ֱɫˮԳȥܾˣҶҲҳʹթֱԶʧЧ󣬶˲ŴӲ֮ȥ
ҶͳѾüõһ૵ôϼһһ·׷ϵ
ôģôүǵһοϲ񣬶ҶеЦ񾳽磡ڿϣ
Ҷ۰Ͱ͵ؿ˲⣬һӣбҪô˷
˷˺ܾãƽͻȻöӵ˲Լæڵϣ쳣ص˵ϴöܷܲһңʮ֮һ͹ˣ
ҶЦɣʲôһö𣬱˵ʮ֮һˣһҲУ
ͲлģǶ̰ͼ֣¶ݡҲգĽеһ֮ɫ˵ܵӲУ
ϴ˵ҪԿժãԿƹһЩУôõ˵ԿǾԲ䵽еģƺѴ˹ҶЩֵʵ
Ǻǣ˵Ҳйô࣬ԿʵʵڵҶͷҲصֱ΢Цš
ԣô𣿹δˣͷĴЦֻҪӵԿ˵ȥժһˣ
ҶȴȻǵɫŲ֮£Ҳ֪ģ֪ҿĵ伮Ҳˣȴû˿أ֮⣬ʲô;𣿡
ɿһЦŸҶ͵ⲻ֣֣ʹд½伮¶޷ҵģΪһɣЩڿഫĴ˵УǾ֡˵һ˷ú׹⣬߷ϴӻԪػ꣬ʹƷʸӵľҲǴôǴ˵е챦
ؼٵģô棿Ҷ۾Щŵ
ģҲȷͻƾ⵹ġٺһЦ˵ֻҪе꣬пܽľˣ浽ʱⱩ纣򻹲裡
Ҷʵ񾳽磬ʲôز֮һĺǿ٣
߽һ૵ĵܵǸ̶ȣ¾ĿΪʥˣս񾳽Ӧûʲô⣬ҪɱȴЩܣǶ츳ͨ
ǹϲˣһͿԴﵽʥˮƽˣǵʱҽ̤ʥʣҲ磬Ҷ΢΢ȡЦ
̾˿ΪôȻ츳õˣû㣬񾳽ܾҵļˣܴﵽˮƽҾѾ͵Цܴﵽ߾硣
Ҷһ£ת۾˹ⶼǻԪػƷɣѵûбʲô취Ըı״𣿡
˵ͷУʹ֮ϴ꣬ҵоʹַģдﵽ񾳽ĳͻ񾳽ﵽһ
ԭûʲôԲֱ񾳽ءҶţ˵ӦûаɣϾȻһӦƽģ
ҶһۣȻȻ֣صĵͷϴˣǴڵġ
Ҷ󾪵˵ʲôȻпֱ񾳽𣿡
ͷҪǸĿȻСԿ϶ǣȷʵֱ񾳽磡
Ҷʵʲô壿
壬Ȼ߲ͨ츳һһЩѪʮ࣬ſֱ񾳽硣
֪ʮռҵϵӵû츳뵽ҶҲֻпЦУҲ䵽Լҵġ١ϣΪ꣬Ԫػ޹ء
Ҷһۣϴ֪ʵҲͻƵ񾳽󣬾ͲͻˣһЩҲְֺޣ֪ʲôԭ𣿡
ٺ٣ΪϽǿ߶࣬һЩϼһﵽ񾳽ûֶԼϢͻԶϽ磡Ҷ䳰ȷ˵
֪½ʷٰɱߣЩ㶼ǴϿģϿûУ֪֮һЩ½ϵܣǴ汲ﴫģܲ˵˵ϴ㵽ʲôˣһеҶ˵
ʲôˣٺ٣˵ˣҲţҿˣǻ룬ӦúȥδӰɣⱩ纣ǲٴȥˣҶĵʲôˣǣСүǴԽˣ˵𣡡
㲻Ը˵Ǿˣںȥδӣˣһν˵ɱ纣ôǲڶʱӳȥģ
ȻԴûʲô飬Ǿȥ֮֮أɣڵⱩ纣ΣķԼʱûҶɲԸԼ䵽ԺϹϣ˵ЩϹԼ
ȥ˲䣿࣬ȥ磬ȴΪҪȥ˲䣿
Ҷһۣп̾Լڱ纣ʮͨ½ȴʮһͨѵģԼߵǣͨǣһ˲䣬Լܵȥ
ƻˣһε˲䣬ȫûдﵽ񾳽ǰҪκݣһȫµݳһԵ͵ΪȻлᣬʲô޻飬ԼҲҪ跨ȡ
ԼҪһߵ͵һݱζᱦطͷԼΪͻƵ񾳽磬ʱ򣬲ʲôϹҲӦÿԺˣ
㻹ʲôҪ˵Ҷû˼̧ͷ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼһֹӣʵ
ǸǲȾҪߣͷе㲻˼˵ʵڰǰҾʹﵽ񾳽Ķ壬ԴԺȴҲûһΪˣ롭Ǹ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣˹ϴ֮԰Ϊûܾͳϡ
ڿֻҪ΢΢һʮܾͻͻƣжʱҲ𼫴ĿϾ˭ǿԼʵ
ǲͣͻƵ񾳽ߣҶ׺΢Цʵ
ţεĵ˵ͷͬʱҲһ˿ȻĴصӣܹˣ˲˱ص뷨Ҫ뵽񾳽硣
ҶĦ°ͳƬ̣΢һʵзڶ֣һΪðɣȻˣúã
æ˹ЦǣҪٹҲܴﵽ񾳽磬ǺǣǼˡ
һˣֵܣͱ˵ˡƵǳЦӣҶļº͵ЦϷϽƤĵοһмҪȥˣ
˵ɣСȫԼȥ졭ٺһЦ
ôö񾳽ӦûʲôˣȻĻûҪһȥ˲Qˣ뵱񾳽Ⱪ纣Ӧû˭вˣ
ԼеҪĿꡭ棬Ҷ̾񾳽󣬾ͼ֮ǰĿ꣬ȥѰȡ棬Ӧûʲôɣ
İɣȻСүһȥʶһĻ磬ΪԺ룬һᾡҵġؿĵ죬Ц
ǺǣöҶ˵ͷ΢һ׹֡޽䡭ħ˵Ĵ˵ӦɣǺǣȽսڰɣԺȥĺôɣĹҲֻþţһë
ҶЦ˵ͷаɫâһͽе޽䵯ڡ
΢΢һ㵺󣬽űĿɿڴЩУĬĬҶ޽Լڣ׹ţһȦƤˮ̽ۻ͵ڱ󻺻

˿ѾˣǰҶڣһ˵ڵļȻħ֮һ޽䣬ֱ̫Сˡ
ˬĸоȭͷȻȻǽ޵Ŀռòϵ˫ضųָϵһ׽ӣϲЦ
Ǻǣֻǻֻ޽һЩƤëܶѣ޽䣬Ȼܹ֪Ϊħ浱ܺе֮ƵԼû˵ǰ˲ʹһܣҶҲе㾪ȵ΢Ц
ٴκЩԼӵһЩҶɫȻ޽еĴ洢ʮ棬ҵ˺棬޽佫֮ȡ
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ϴѾһһûҵǰ͵£ǿУһһٸģ֤һʧ
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ֲֶ𺳵ĬҶУʱʱĺٺһЦҲʱʱĵͷ
˵ģҲôˣŶһ㣬ͻƺ󣬹ʵǿԵģ磬ûʱǲҪ֮ĶԽ磬ڻûдﵽǱܵļʱԼȻͻƣС˵򣡡Ҷǿ䣬ΪҶĻҲһ˽ȥ
ϴھͶ𣿡ҶѾ˵꣬ʵҵӦȥѰ㣿
ģֻҪһﵽ񾳽磬ͻػر纣ģʱЩˣҪúЩ쵰ˡҶһ˿ŭ⣬漴ƽĿ㣬׼ѡʲôĵطͻ񾳽磿Ȼĸһɵľ뵽һȫо磬˵ҲҪһʮϰɣȫϡ


953 ط
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Ҷգգ۾΢΢һ㶣ȻЦһʮģãȻˣǾʹˣ
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ҶܣȴǰһڣһһͷԵȥö֮ϣֺȻˣֱѸȫȴ׹ѣҶֻ֪Լжˡ


954 
ҶӦ٣ʮָԼмΧ˴ѨʹöѪʱܹġ
㡭ʮҶ̧ͷɵעӣĿ⡰ԼŮӡһж㶼ڴС
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ôˣײ˵Ҫִô
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һͺһƾֱӳҶȥһɿֲ˷ѹҶҶ͸оһɽԼһ
Ҷڵϣû뵽㾹ȻȻﵽ˰벽ľ磬Լûл㶾֮ǰһƴ֮κҶû뵽徹Ȼֲ½ѾĻ궾Ȼǿ߶ҪС
ۡҶҲѹסڵĶأϾһںѪ˳ȫ̱ڵϣһԼƽĹˣҶ俴һۡ
ֻˮĶƺˣ΢΢ù㣬ΣԼֵģ뵽ҶҲǺùһЩ
ڹ֮ʣͻȻһ磬ʱӰƮ첻
һĻڳ֮ȫסˣܻˣôˣ


955 뿪
⡭һֹģ㱩ŭѣŭƨͷţ
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Ǽ治֪˻ʲôͣǰͻȻʧӰ˰Σʮֿ϶
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һºҶƯһϣԶһĳ֮ɫһ̧׿˿εɫգȻһһСƿУǴѪжȡװҺƿӡ
СƿҶ¶һ˿ۣҺָָ·Ǳﰡںôô󣬺ûоͷһ㣡
Һôʡȥ⺣Ƭ򣬲Ȼпʧڱ纣УһƿҺȥˣȻûп½أ̵ģΪԼСܼҾͰܵװɣ
˼˺ð죬ҶһҧشƿǣСĴƿеճҺ壬С
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ںп˰꣬ľƣҪľҸطúϢ½ţȵľѺ󣬾Ϳϴ½ˡ


956 ټ
ʣһ·Ƽ磬ཻİĴɽҶٴλص硣
һգһɽ֮£ʱ磬ɽӣЩһһֱŸ·ǵȻ֪ԼʱΪȫóԶˣҶǺóԡ
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ЦϸŮÿȴˣҲûһأ
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ҶʵеˣʵһĪǸ⣬ʱ˿̣ʹϣңּ֮
û񾳽磬˹֮䣬ⰻȻȫȻתû˿ǿߵйţûж£ƿ⡣
ѡڴʱ˴֣ҪҶжǷǣңȵҶӲƴĻǵϣ֮ƣһɣȥںܶ෽Լ۵ľУС


958 
Դ֮ʣÿһǴڱѹĲĽ࣬һµķֻҪҶӰһȫ֡
ƴҲҪ޿ˣ޿ɱܵĻлɱԷ
֪Ҷ˿Ӱ죬Ǹ⣬ĪĸĪ״̬У䰵ʾ罫֮⣬ʹеǿֻ֣Ǿ֮֡
ȻĶġ֮⣬ȻҶԼƴܶ񾳽ʵȫɱҶ
һҲ򱬷ʵ̫ǿ󣬶۴͵ϽȥϽʲôط֪ʹ½֮ˣǧټƣֲԸϽȥͿ֪ϽԲǴƵء
ðȻȥֻһʱԣͿڷ
ԣֻΪɱҶ򲻻ᱬǿߵʵҲֻܱ벽񶥷ʵ֮ǰΪ԰벽񶥷ʵȫܺɱҶ
ڣŷ֣Լ̫Ҷˡ
ɶȴǲ֪Ѵﵽ벽񾳽ҶñǿߵȫʵҲɱΪһҵļټǲ
ֽУǵҶͬʱʹãǸʱҶӵȫǿߵΪԿ֮µҶԼܱǲ̸ȥɱ
ֻֽУһʹãҶǹˣǷ⹦ûг֮ǰΣҲʹõģ£˶
ʹԷ֪Ѷˡ
ԣ˿̶Ҷ˵ʹû˿ɳ֮϶³ٳٲ̧ͷʧأһãͻֿµĹֱȴг𵴣̧ͷƶӣһ˿İգֱӽƿµĲ࣬ƻ˸ס
оһĻͻȻֱ󣬰Ȼ׿˫ĿԷȴϻţǱƵĳڳʱǿӲ̬
ҶǸӣȴɽһңңƶ֣кɨµţȴݳһ˿Ц⣬ȻǴңЩһֱڴ˵ң
һ߿Ŷֿ϶ߴ쳣ӣȴѩдϵҶôȥ룬Ǿˣ
Ҷ
Ҫ֪˫й˼ɵ£ֻð벽ʵӲƴһ;
˶ֻð벽񾳽ʵи֮ȴԶʱֶȥԷĶ־һɹ
⼸仰á
Ҷ򡰸ӡֶȥ˼֮ƻˡѩ硱ţ˾ѩĹϵ˷룬ΪҶѩҲǺѣ·Ҫмơ
ΪҪ£ذѩ֪߹ѩ硣
ҺҶԼ϶ѣǷǳǵ˸ģʶû̫Ӧ΢Цֿ֪СܼҹСĺ֮ǰҹС㳩̸ҹˡ
֮ʩ֮ʾԼҹĹϵ
Ҷķ֮ѡػϢǴ紦½ָߣ½ĸݵ㶼ϵֶΣҪ֪Ҷ٣Ǽ¡
ɼȻӴһҶȻȥ˵Լʲôϵֻѡҹˡ
ƹȻ΢о㵡
ҶϷŹľӪһȭȭӰվ飬֮ǿ溧ޱȡ
û뵽ҶȻһʱ֮£ͷϵĳңأֻǴƳɵּƿȭӰҶȭͷײһ
ֻһܵﾡ١
֮У˾񴥵ˣѾɿ⡣
¶ޱȵɫȵһֱ㶼˲ʵ
Ҷѹ·ڵѪаǶΪԼһ벽ǿ죬ֻһ֣ϰҪҶˣԼƣøƽɫ֣֪֮Ƶڰ벽񾳽籬ʵԸһ
뵽Ҷ΢΢һЦֿûнˣȻó£ȫ֣Ķ֡
˫ĿǰδеɫʶĽ飿УȻ˶⣬黹ʲô˲ñȻԶƵݣҲӵС
ҶԿƣӵϴ֮ʣһʱڽзŶһֻϧû񫣬羹ȻͲģǺź
źƻظݣЦڽ鱣סǲˣû˵ʱ϶ûȫ飬ҽ֮ڣҲֻһˣ
ҶЦֹȻһŷԴµĶԼˣ԰գ˫ͬʱƳ˫ȭѸݣ෴ȥȴָƺʱȭͷƣҲûˡ
ɫأҲͳһȭȭͷһʱһɿ磬ֱҶȥ
ֻȭͷײһټٿһ𣬷ľ¡
ȻҶľػǾͷѹһʯ
˶Ժһȭ󣬶ŲջͷϵĳһȻе̬Ѹ׵ĴҶ˫ƣȻ΢óɾצҶСץ
Ҷһ콣ͻȻ֣óǧٽӰչǲԶ֮ܣ಻ðҲҺƣһԷȥȻǱɽɥҶ֮֡
ʹһ׾µĽ㣬һ˿©ķ⵲Ҷ㹥ĽӰ罻֮ڰ֮
һᣬֻۡһǧٽӰɢȥҶ콣˲ơ
ڴѾõķҲת죬˲䱬
һȫĶ̱ӣתأͬʱ˿
һ̣ʼֵ֪ʵ졣
ڿеʮͦƣ࣬ת֮󣬲ŻظƽʱӢΡ
Ҷȴ̤գص棬ԭƵĽһ׹֮Ľ֮жƶԷĹּ뻯ľ磬ʹָ羳硣
Ҷÿһ̳дŶֵĸоԿ̶׽Ҳץòȡ
ռϷ磬ȴ÷ǳҺռ֮ƣǲ콣ͻУȶȫӲƴһУܹհ֮֡
С
ҶǿⶨסԼ˵Σƻȥ뱻ڵĹȴҪʮſվȡ
ҪѪҺھѣ֮ʣеʱȬ룬㣬ƺƶֵĹ
ǵҶ֮ʱʽͻúպᣬӲʩذĹʽƿж֮УʹԷڵĹֻԭɣȥɱ˵
ħȷǼδѹħʵ½ˣһˣɴ˿֪ħǸû¶ħεȳ̶ȣֻƳ񾳽磬ﵽϵľ硣
Ҫһ֮Уħȫֻ֣ûֵܵ
ʱֻಣһ
ֳֳȻЦ̣ҶȷǸֹӣֽܻ뿪
ҶԷһ
Է׷עɥڴ˵Ľ֣Ҫʱ䣬ʾΪԼǿҲǿʤһƸԼᣬƵٶȴҶһľ롣
ҶһЦ˴˱˴ˣٽСһǰ̤콣Ȼ
ԵشȻɫתΪأ
ҶȴסۣʱѼ֮洦ǽâӿʼУһۻޱȵĽ콣һζʵ㵱
״κһǰػҶǺû飬Ϊڽ֮ڣҪҶһп˵࣬ⲻȫʵĻУҶĽƵǧһĪչΨӲƴһ;
ƴһгƼн
ɾӴʱͻȻը
˷Ҷѧˣо۶ɢƽ֮ʣͻȻʱн׶ƵԷжС
ֻһ
ˣͬʱѪϼˡ
˶ֻħжȥҶɽʱ˴ƽʱߡ˳ɰտҶء
ɽƫƫʧ㣬ҶռȻʹҶһ췢ӳȴѹκΡ
˫֮պ岽
ȥǵѪգЦջǰ֮ԣʵҽֻһʱѷ꣬Ҷдһ˺Ҷ֣֮Ҷִдԭ
ҶЦԷǵôƸһɶС֮ˣڻҪҪܶ°Եĳ⣬ȥýɣ
ƹЦҶֿ˿ѪµȻҪֻȴΪ˱𣬶Լǰ̣ҶӲҪ´ʱ֣˶ڣ
ҶٺٴЦߣ߱ǣ˽飬ٺƴһ¾ͲͣлؼˡҶ΢΢һЦǿѹӿͷһѪôƮ˹ȥ
ʵ֮أԶ֮⣬һԶյء
ԥƬ̣һԣҶ߹ȥһӣҶһ߽·һ飬϶ûиʱѪȻء
ʱȴû֮ǰǸɽȣɴ˿ɼղڿս֪УƮɽȺԶˡ
䵽ϺҶ磬ôˡҶקȴգɻŵЩ˻ûԶҪš
һҶģס


959 
ҶҲͷһԶúȻЦҶ֡ų˵ðЦƳ̶˶˶ڣһ󷳶񣬽ססؿڡ
ҶȻа뻢ӡһ£ɫ䣬Ҳ֪ĶקסһֻԶ½иССˡ
Ҷǰˣתһʯ붴ʱԴʯסڣٳ磬עԼһͬ
ʩΪֱѨ⣬磬ΪΣδ䣬һߴߴű֮ȸ߷
ɲ뿪ڣȴСһ£ѱҶסͷһҶʪϮˣһŨŨϢԼΧپޱȣͷĿѣĶͻͻ
Ҳ֪ȥãžʲôײɽ£٣һ꣬һҪѯʣȴҶ죬
Ƭ̣һЪֻӡһҶֶõʵȻѰǵӰãҰԣԦɲͽģˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һౣתӻӡĿ˳Уգƻ֮⣬ͷһֻһСĿڣסҶ￿ȥ
Ҷٶ죬ͷ΢΢һտͷһûæס˫
ǻӡ֮ԽģԶƽޣϸ͵ĸ˿͸ʯ͸Ҷ˫֣ڡ
ֻ֮⣬·ϪˮůԶԧ죬ˮϷԽ˫֣鲻ԽסҶ֫
Ҷû뵽Ԧ֮Ȼд֮æ˹֮ʣӹ³ԼϣҶɰпࡣ
ԭȸˣȴҶбʹ˸գûѰҶ߼ŮӣŮ־ŮҶ
һ־ңΪãԦ֮Ǿӡˣǹߣһƻ󣬱Թܣֶȵõ󷢣Զ绢ӡεܵס
Ҷа̾ߵ˵һķúˣ㲻ܡ
ң̣Ů֮£֪йֻ뱧ҶһЩ⻰ҡͷ硭ҡҲҪ㱧סҡұá
Ҷüһڣ־һ壬ߴҶԵΣԵβ֪ػ쿪ݾУԣ߿壬бӰ
һпھһ߽˵ΪȻ棬ˣҶһ˵꣬Ѵϰ֮Ҳˡ
˴ʱǹֹЪǰ뻢ӡò˳Ѱȥˡ
˿һۣԼУ˵߲࣬ѲʤҶȴѰ˼ҲûƳԼϵʵ뻢ӡôðȻѰ
вȻ磬ңôȴҪҡ˵һ죬ˮ䡣
Ҷ΢Цҡͷ˵ɵˣǼģȻˣͲûȥΪˣһ˹ģηģ
˹ԼѾжּгŨбϲѿڱˣһ
ҶкЦԼʱΪ˭ȡԼֻҲ¶òĽ֣ԼֻҪһͻƣΪһǿߣɿĺ޼ˡ
ͨ˽ڣȻޱߺȡöҩ£ʱֵЩʵС֣ߵ⣬ĿĹˣһȸҰʬ壬­Ѷٻͷʱֻ±Ѫ߰ߡ
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Ҷü֪ǰ뻢ӡΪ̽Լ˷λȸҰڸײñԼȸҰ޲·ײϡ
˿о޵ʬ壬˿أаΣصɽʱȴˣҶĵĪ֮ץˡһδɽдһҽС
бȥҶ󣬽֮ʱ֮Һʹࡣ
ҶһסҪӲңֻ
ֻӡЦϼһڲ˵Сӵ䣬ȥ
֮ȥġˡʺ裬Ȼǿ
Цֻұͷ٣ǾţСӲͷȫʬʶģ˵⴦Ц֮ŭԸӣֹ
˵֮ʱҶЮ˪У߷Ҳֻ࣬һ߷ѱ٣ǸСİŮһԣáӡ֮֮ڵϣŭѡ
ҶУҪҶʰ쵰ٳ԰ݳƣȺ뻢ӡ
Ϊԭ߳ˣ˿͵Ϯ⧲ӡƣʱ໴𣬿Ѫ
վԶЩƵֵҶᣬҪҶƾգ˫۶ȣһɸվֱθʧҺߡ
ҶϢһ֣Ĳӣ뽫סͷӡӰ֣˫䡣
ҶӼףһһһ˫ƣӡӲʼԹ͵дݣƽӺֱá
˭֪ҶͻȻЦһ֣󶸷ӭ˻ӡơ
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Ҷδֺ˶ˣ˴󷢣һǻȻ׹Գ߳塢ӳǧơ
ӡֻͷ飬аһͷ˶һۣȻϲ¶ɫȴΪ죺Ǽһﲻ˵СӲһôĻƣĪǶǼһƭǡ
뵽ٻҶͷҲأ˲ǵʵȻûܵʲôˣԲ֮ļ϶оǶɱˣͬʱҶ֣֮ħ֮ˣƽƣΩͼܣһë£ҲǾƲΪǿʱ˷ԣʱ֮زز
ʱҶޣɵ캶ҡ⣬ǲӦŶƣʹǴ־ء
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Ҷͷһĸ޸ͣһսʹҾȻڻûвȫָһｻֻ֣˶ƵĵǣΪϲߣСүˣȥƽϡ
ĿһŰá
ʱ⣬һתץס֮ı۲ַҶʩϮЦվʹ˽ҹҶ֣ɽģˮڣӡ˵Ȼɫ΢䣬ҪкȥѾ
ֽ֮Ҷ󲽣ֶȥֱڿȥˡ
һߣӡͣҶȥ֮ʱͻȻݶʡ
Ҷȥû˿ǻŮ֮ŷѱĥĲε֮ιʥҩٸͨһŷſеϢԼ˳ȥ
Ҷ˵£͵ĶȥҹɽѰ˸ɽ˵֮˽ȥ
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ЪշϾ㶺Ūֻĺ
һգҶڶֻ֮˵Ķдһ죬ͷһ֪֮ѸԼûҪΪػˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
Ů֮ˣҶһǮؼȥˡ
գҲûȥ֮ټıҪŽֱӳŷ˼֮ȥ뺬ѩѾͷǺþûˣ֪Ѿͷǲǻǰ
ͬ뿪ɽȣ˼ȥ
˼λ½룬ΪɽΪ־Ҷǰڷ˼һӣԲѰһ¹ɽס
ɽٴ󽭣ºͣļ紺ɽɫ羰
Ҷɽµĳǳͣһ̣㿪ʼɽǵΪ½˼󣬷ʲô⣬Ը漺ɽҪڳеֲϣҶҲһڴˣЩףֻɽˡ
ɽɽƶͣߣҪɽһǲףҶȴƽأΪԶҶʲҶں
ŵǧߣɫ԰ףҶʹԼЩ겻ߣǳ˲ٿͷ˽Ҷϧֽ𣬲ǱˣǺķЩұֱӷȥɡ
΢΢Ҷ˻УȴСһ죬΢§ʡ
ҶһЦڿնֻҶٶ졣
ɽԽԽ䣬ɽǴ죬һɽֻѩĿһƬɫѩǣ״ɷǺÿ
һɽѶɫϣȫɪɪҶȡһƤϮˣԵúһ㡣
ԼȴͦţĿԶ޺̬֮úĽΪ֪Ѵﵽʲôľˣأܡ
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ЮɱֻһССĺڰ֮ߣǣ֣Ҷ߽ǰ˼壬ˣ֮ܿš
һϣ΢ŭ˭ôûò˽ΣϣݵĺŴ򿪣߳һλüĿˣһϮĺۡ
ҶһΣ֪Ƿ˼֪ûѰطҾֵţţ֪ޣԭ
´ҶһۣͻȻüͷһ壬ʵιҶСӣ
Ҷһʶң
ЦӣҶСˣٺ٣㾹Ȼʮҵ׷ɱ£Ȼڣ漣ˣڷ˼£˶ʶˣ
ҶһŵĪʮҵ׷ɱ뵽˷˼ڲǡ
ҡֵȻǣʮȻǿƣҲ˰ǿ壬ʮǿǰ˸ҲŹϵģֻСӼȻܻţӦѧ㣬Ҹطúòôܴҡڵĳ
Ҷҡͷ΢Цѳ˹ȥǰߣ뿴ѩѾͷͨһ
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Ҷüͷһ壬ѯԭɣɻûڡ
ֵ㲻ܴȥ԰գָ˼ĹҲӦ֪İ˾Ͳڡ
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ƭˣƭˣ㲻ãһҲ²ãǡ
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˴úţ˾⣬Ҳǽ˼ķšֻһ̤£ڿգڿת磬ʱһ̤£ڿգʱڿеתǰһʽȫȻͬ
ʱʮι̤ʮڿеתеᡣ
ʮ̤꣬ͣʵûУ
Ҷ΢ЦԲķʾ£ˣлˡ
ֱ۵Ϲ˵˵ҵĲҵ˼Ĵ󡭡
˭˵Ļû˵꣬ҶڿնڰһȦֻ֮У۶ɵʮۣƮ
һ֪ÿ۵λʲԼʩչ̤ʮλ˾һţʮɵ㼣תںϣΪһ壬ϳһͼ
һ£˵ƵĿɿڴҶŵôҵ
ҶһЦһۣŵһͨ򷨣СڲҲĵãǹƳ²е
СֵܲΪɲ⣬ҲǸ飬ͷǿˣֵ׳꣬ȴӲ˵ԼͷӣЦѡ
ԼǰϵļһҶҲֻűӿЦ
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ʱͻҶǰɵ㼣졣
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˿ǵͻȻֵİţЦλ
Ī磬㣬˵ʲôôס
ûʲô㲻趮ģиڣʲô롱˵밵֮У֮һصͰʪһ˰ߣоɣ̲סʵ磬Щʲô塢ҵѵôţô͵͵ġ
Ҷشµķ񣬸һʱҲףΪ˱ܣǲñ֪³ѰŰɡ


960 
ȻСԴǰУصխֳУҶв·Ī淽߰ǰ·һǽڡ
ǺǽһǰһƣǽӦַתǽ̨ףԵ׶ϣһţƹ֮ʱһʪ亮ӭˡ
Ҷ⣬ԼһУǺ˻ΣһŰ׹⣬Ϣ䣬ָʧ
ȵٳʱһ֮£ӷ棬ˬޱȣ£ͷשʯ̦޺ºˮŨûīɫȻԶȥ
һĻҶ˿֪ͨ󣬽˷˼ڲ˳£гҶͷȥûڻްҹɫУҲ
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ﻹǷ˼ڲһ㣬˼ӵܣϲ档
ʱǰͻȻֹͣǰ쿴öôĻ
Ҷһƣǰһʯף̤׶ϣǰһֻǰһ׳լƻԻͣ䣬Ա˳ǰס𣡡
סûסǷ˼ϵסĹǰȴסģǱߵĹ֮ߣҪԲһ㣡Ҷ±ӣ˵һ䡣
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Ҷߣֻɨɨͣ˰֮УֻһŮӣŮն
Ķ䣬ӡһǳǳĻ֮üеǳ£һ˫ɫ鶯̵ͦǣ΢СϣŵǳЦ
ǰһͷɫ˿ȴѾȫóɫɫ˿˳£ֱ使Ρ
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겻ϦǵƤѾͷȻѾˮ飬Ůӵĵǵȼ⴦ķڣȵĺУԸ쳹ҹա
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ѩĻҶ¶˿˿Ц⣬΢΢˼֪ûУҪûУСͻȻЩҪȥһ£иˡ
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ţ˵ͷҶĿٴʮ֮ɨʮˣжŮͣһٻӰϡ
Ů俴ƺڶʮңΪ£΢ǳüȴķһĨɳĮеСĸһ񣬿ʣȻڱ֮Ưȴǻ̡
ŮΪ𱩣̶̵ֻظԼµĲλǷŹͭɫԸСȴǱ¶˵֮£ͬǶ̶̵Ƥȹ֮£¶һ޳Ըдȡ
Ҷվ涼ܷ֣ѧԺЩΧߣкüߣλŮϸСĴ֮ɨ
еͳͳɱˣŮ£滹лҪʣһ벽ǿߵŮɨ˻ƣ͸ż봹ѡ
ΧǼѱˣʱӿѪ֮⣬΢ţڿʽȥ
Сĵ㣬СѾȥˣֻҪһᣬǾܵþȣƵЩ˵ľٶԸŮӽ촽ĺȵ
ԣվΧЩҲ΢΢һ㣬ǽƣȴȻǺˮ߼ҲʥλңɶԷȴǶ벽ǿߣǸһֱڰûгֵĴ졣
ʵĲ࣬ܲܳŵԮصʵûףҾܳŵԮܲĽǣûаա
ɱһ벽ǿЦһһ֣ΧѧԺ֮ˣʱضмĺɱȥɾʱֻͻȻһЦ
ݣһ
ѧԺ˿ʼ֮ʱһƷȻһӰȻʣһɫ磬һصѧԺЩ˵ļ֮䡣
ʯɳ𽥵ķɢһֳֺĵӰĳ˵֮ڡ
ͻȻֵˣ˫΢һƬ̺󣬺ⷽ𽥵ƽȻʱǽţٲѧԺǡ
ѧԺ֮ˣҶⲻ֮ͣȴǴΪŭͷİ벽ǿߣͫ΢ɨҶҲϻһӣʵʥλߣ׹ĶҶɱȥ
̧̧ۣҶӭĵɱ΢΢üȻƻ콣֮ϣ̧ȻȻһ̤ȻɼתɼһӰһ㣬˵ע֮£ٵλʥǿȻ
أأθոսҶαٴͻأͣͣλ׹ˣػξɳ浹ڵ֮ʱеѪ
Ҳκ˽ӣǶɢ˰ɣ콣΢΢ɣҶ죬Ŀ콣ɵӰԼȻ飬ػ֮£ǼʹҲ÷ǵ³
һñᣬĪСǰˣ΢ź촽ĲӬһ㽫ʥǿķɵҶԸŮӣ̲סʧ૵
٣λû°ɣɽ֮ϣ˷ܵСƿѧԺˣ˵Ӫ֮УǺٺɵЦ
С㲻ûطѩҷҾȱôôͻȻֵӣλԸеŮˣü΢֪߳Ǵˣô˵
Ů߳һ٣ЦһָҶرӰҵ㣬ⲻǾȱô
ԣ΢΢һ㶣ĿҶŮӸüصǷѩ˰ɣô붯˼ҵأʲô
ҲʶֻҪ;ȥѩæͨһ˵΢ЩΣտʼûңɵ˵ҼСɶǺȻ
ѵҲ¶ˣСйʣﲹǰһմȾ㺹˿ط飬õòԶ
ҴûС˵ʱʶһǿ߰ǰֵǿȣѴﵽ˰벽񾳽ɣ΢üɻСôʶ
ңҲ֪ЦҡҡͷӦûлɣȻĻֺαðǣ
Ȳȵ˻ⰡѧԺ棬һǿһֱڰУû֣ɱҪ˲ɣԼҲ˽ҡҡͷЩǵĵ
ԣһ㶣ڨڨЦ롭ӦܹӦɣϾҿǺ˵ѧԺ˵ʵûаյĻô
ѵ˵һǿߣ˦˦һͷ΢Щ˿Щεĵ
⡭죬ȴû˵ȻΪ߿Ҷʵǿڴ½֮ϣǺεĴڣô˵ġ
ϣеưɡЦҡҡͷֻο˵ʵȴʵûס
üһᣬҲֻɥҡҡͷڵ״ֻܼǰܹųϵرˣҪȻһˣ춼
Ҷ׻Լ£ͷβǿͫ΢΢һɺһתɭСӣѧԺˣɲʲôǵѡ񣡡
ֻҪȥҾͺ˵ɢˣҶЦЦб콣
ʶ࣬Ȱ뿪ҿԲƽµĹͷͫз֮Уȴ͸һּɵȻǰҶس֣ҲõĴС
ǸҶЦЦ΢΢ҡҡͷ򵥵֣ȴ̸˵ѧԺʮңʱҲټɵʲôˡ
Ҷܾͷˣ϶ʱһĨɷһӣĵһϣȻΧɱѩˣһҲҪŹ
ΧѧԺ΢һ֮ʱ˶ΧɱҶȥ
ƴˣƵѧԺ˾Ȼһϣüһһӣȵ
ˣȥɶСеúĶҶüͷ΢壬εƫͷصģսܿͻ
㡭ԣֳŲʱͣסüǵһα㿴𣬷޷޵Ķ˶ţȻݺݵĹҶһۣ˫۱ڷظ֮ԣ˺һҶܳǿʱ֪Сӣ
Ȼ⻰Ÿ˵꣬Թ۵鲢ûгãǻıһǣȻΪ˶𾪵ģźеЩ׳
˲ԶҶֳ콣΢֮󣬵𽥵ȫ֮ͬһɫƷڶΪ졣
ʲôʵôɫҶ֮ϵɫ֣ڳ˶һ
⡭Ȼһǿߣǰǵɫ֮еıӰϳŲš
ΨΪʵ̫ˡ
Թԣ˲ãӾȻôӣһ˵е񡭡Ŵ죬ϱһ㣬͵
ѹһ˱ҪҲʵ绹ҺУоˡһ׳̾ϢһЩĽҲЩٺϲ
˭¶ʱ뷨
һ﾿Ǵĵطðİû˵½ô̬ﰡü
֪⣬Χ˶ͬʱҡͷ
״ɶҲһЦЦˣ·ˣǽǺ˵ĵþˡ
ҶųϵʱɱѧԺ֮ˣҲһңҲǷǳܹһʲô
ǿߣ¾ѧԺҲô̬ɣǻҪҶսжúЦһ浹ս˭Ըȥģ
ôˣɲУСүŪôƣôҲУҶһƽ콣ŶЩѧԺ֮ˣǷһĨЦ̤棬һը죬ŵ棬Ӷ


963 ɶ
أĳһ벽ǿߵǰҶĮе콣͵ľݺݵ˶Է֮ϣʱһ΢졣
ͫһȻһѪ࣬ͬʱڵһ㣬һɽ֮Уʯм
ʯ֮䣬벽ʥĸ֣ʩչʱ䶼δйܵҶĹգۼķڳѧԺ֮˺
Ҷٴ͵һͻȻ콣ĳڣֻǴռһһӰгǹҶ콣һ𣬵Ҳû⣬ǹཻһ˲䣬һֱеǿߣҲҶĵѪɡ
ǳмһ˶ԱݵҶԸŮںˣĿɿڴ
̶һ桭ĵˣҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ
㣬㣬⣬ǡǿȥѪȫסˣղҶʱҲΪҶ񾳽磬ԼӦһƴ֮˭ֵ֪һ˲䣬ԼͻȻʲôһ㣬Ȼʽһ棬Ҷķ˳ȥ
ʲô˵ʲôҶаЦؿǰˣʼʲôӦ˵
ǿȫûǿߵƣǳԾؿҶͰ͵סң
סһǿߣ·ҲǴһ˵ҶľǿߣǸһϲ㣬ȻǾԲƶԷġ
λǿ𾪣ܹڸղԼֻд˵еǿ߲ܰ쵽˵Ҷǿߣһǿߡ
½ûǿ߶ˣǰ⴫˵еǴðġ
ҶЦе±ӣЦԾӻûȫﵽ񾳽磬Ⱥһһôţֽѵһ£Ժûкô˵ҽǣΪǺãǿɵüס
˸Ȼ˵ΪǺãǿ߸һĭĹһǰָ㣡иʣ֪
ƨͷţ
ǿ߹Щ죬￴ǰ֪ǰܷ˵һݣ
ҶһᣬͻȻЦвգʮͨʲô½ħıЩ쵰ӳҪȥˣ
Ǽǰʮ׷ɱǸСǸˣڳ⻰㽫ͻ˳
ôʲôôҶһȻ
ûУûСǿ߻ع񣬹ĿҶ֪ôӦøʥԺĹϵܲɣ֪ǷԸѧԺĺֻ֯ҪԸ⣬ųϻԸκòġ
˵еǿ߰
ҸӣҲһ־Եʵ壡
⻰·ЩˣԸŮͷˣҪҶĴӦѧԺĳϻᣬǽɾҪ군ˡ
ҶΣͷͬᡣ
Ҷڳ֮һۣͻȻߵûȤô꣬ϰ޾ʲôƤħӶǻ£
ǿЦųȻԸ⣬ҲǿֻˡɱѧԺˣ㿴Ƿԡ
ƨӵ棬ȻҳѡҶһǿߵĶϣܵĻᶼûУҶһûҲֻѪ¡
Ҷһۣŵһ·пѧԺɱǣǺɱѧԺˣˣû̫ȱ㣬ΨһһǲŮܺһǲϲѣСӽзȫˡ
ǿʵĵ׷յغܣΪѧԺĳϻ´ģȻ֪ΪĿģóϻϢ´ƽ֮¡
ԣ治Ҷ£꣬ȴѧԺˣԴˣͽκΣʽûǿô
˰Σ˲żһ˿ЦݵǰϢϢŭɺãֻҪϵһƷƷ֣Ǿȥ⴦⣬ϣǰܴӦ
ҶˣСӸˣ첻ȡǷ⿪ҪСүϺѧԺǸ϶ЩĻǽ춼
⻰һ
ߣҾ͵ʲôû򡭡ҶĿ⺮ֲɱҲ˿
ããǰţֻˡǿǿɬĵҲܷŭŭҶİԵ֣ףԷʸԵ
Ҷһƶûһˡ
ȸˡ˲ұ¶΢һ񣬶֣ȥžͻΪһӰȺʧˡ
ιû°ɣЩߺҶͻȻԸŮǰЦʵ
ûû¡ҶϸϸɨԸŮδʲôߵı飬ȻҴô¶ǳڸΪŵ
û¾ͺãҶ΢Ц
㡭ԸŮգգ۾ȻҶЦǳʲôĿǵö˵ллȻĻǵ³ҽС
СǣܴܲȥҶЦŵ˵ͷѯʵ
õģҶĻ΢΢ü˼һᣬŵ˵ͷٲȥ
֪ôˡǵʲôԲܳɣʱˣҲ֪ôˣ֮УµĵŮȻԤ׵ĸҶУһһЦõôʱҶ
Цм䣬Ҷȥ
ҶǰЩҲ˹
ãƺС㻭Ǹˡе񰡣ҶرӰһ׳Ȼ
ԣһ㶣ĿתҶıӰƬ̺ͷȻ͵һƺ˵СѰҹأ
ҲǵãûԴˣֻСΪʲôҪѰ
֪ʼٲ֮С
ٲ֮Ȼж죬һˣٲʯ߽ʮ·ͣ£ǰ
΢΢£㳯һȥ
˴ʰʱǰͻȻ˴Ƭ߳ʯʱѳһƬԭҰڡ
ԭҰر£͵ʪУɽ־䣬Ұޡ
⴩͸ƣһƬһƬҶƿһͶƽԭϲӴӰѸٺ澰ижƣ紵ƶ¾ǰ˼磬ת۱ۼ
һľɫ𡣡
ҶȻô
Եõһʲôġ
ҶȻʧЦУҲɣ
ʱͷһۣĵãУ΢⡣
ȴЦҪҲøðɣ
ôϲɫ
Ȼɡ˵ͻȻҶɻ磬ʲô
Ҷ¶̬ʲô𣿡
æͷƺ˳߹ˡ
ҶͷŸ˵ˡ
զΪθĶôôϸ΢Ŀá
Ҷûȥ
⻰͵̧ͷֻԶɽȴһƥ˵ѪǱ
һĻС㣬ȥæһ׷״󾪣
´ǰͣҶǵӰڵϡ
ʱɶ״̬ǻûþѪϸǶദˣҪȴǱеһȭһȭӡ
˭Ҳ벻ʲô˵ɶȻѲظͨôأҶˣӦûܽŶԣʵȴְǰ
֪ʵֻȾ˵ˣ뵽ҶɶʼȻΪѴ벽ľ磬ҲҺΪȫƾһסӵ
ĵһǿˣֻǲ֪Ǹǿ˭
Ҷüʱͻһ
ɶ͵³һѪѹҶɲҷɣתϣȻΪˣɶҲ֪Լ˵ĺأæ˹ʮתƲŴɫС˿ֹͣѪˡ
һᣬɶ۾ԼǰҶ΢΢һŲɻô൱ƣôطƵġ
Ҷ±ӣЦСҲʶĸоһ£˵˭ҶļͷȥѪǣС㻹Ҫ·ˡ
ӦһһȥˣԶȥҶصɶѪ
֪˶ãɶһлմ⻰վһԵ˵ҶȴʵСΪ൱ȴΪŪأ
ɶһۣ΢΢˻֣ȥźǱһֻ飬ֲȰ
ҶΪ֮Ȼ֮ӦѧԺйأڿԴǣֲôһ£õˣεѴӱһ
ʱǣɶ˹һܿ˵ϲС㣬ôˣ˭㣿
ɶһۣҧݵ۶ڽӡУ˵ŭ֮⡣
ٿͣ­ѹСˣʥ⣬ڽӾǣֻǴڽ׼㣬ɱ佭ӣԣǴκûڽˡ
ʱ̫ãѷǳģڽɶ£ǻǲ¡
ʱɶ־ָ˹һʱᣬҲûϳҶֻǼ˶Ź֣ȵʲôҪ˵𣿡
ҶվȻС㻹Բô
ɶ֪£
ҶοЦɶСǹ˶£ϵҶ𣿡
Ҷ֣ɶʱɫ䣬ΣſЦѹǾЩ죬ȴֲðȻϣǰΣǷԺ󣬻治֪ʲô㡣
Ҷ˹ӵֲΪرž㣬ȥ绹ЩҪھҪˣҲÿ뿪յأٿл
˷ǰҪ뿪ɶվ𣬽еǸ壬ǧҪȥ
⻰ҶסΣкһ⣬ɶ˵ȥ
ɶǺ˵ȴûʲô󰭣Ȼ̾У˲֪֮һûú󣬱ǷһڣأҸȼĻᡣǷѩѼҵײǳʵۺ˺󣬾ĴңΪѩΨһ⣬⵽Ӧǻá
Թ԰ĿҶȻһҲ֦ۣܺһãͻŪ֦̫̰˵ĵλʵҲֲñˡ
ʵҶŪɶΪʲô˵ȥǲ˵壬йء
ɶҽκͽһǧߣҪȥһǳص飬֪ȴӳŪȫûԲǼֵܡ
ҶȻǲһѧԺˣǷѩˣǽӵȥˣкκô
ɶĿŨҵԹޣݺݵǣôܻѧԺˣѷˣѧԺϮǰڣǻֿеġֻǵ˺ڣСȴһ뿪ѳȥӦԮ֣ȴһɽ󣬵֪ԼСʱѱѧԺǰл
ҶǷѩ岻Ͷôװ׶һ֦ĲӣӦк
ɶǰȫǼױ˺ֵͬܽãЩΪͣڲбϷư壬ʢΪɣҳȥǵĻᣬǼ޴ֺͿڲһ㡣
Ҷô϶ǽںǼ塣
ɶ޵Ļ棬һǼ䵭˺ܶ࣬Ҹ֪´ξ֮ᣬҲٰ죬ȥһ壬֮УǿľǰͬˣӵſһĿǿˣ½ϵϵɵģǼλϸǹϵķͷǻ͵ס
ҶĿԶԣɵɣǷѩʵۺҲܳΪڵһϵбҪȥǼô
ɶмЩһ£˭ԳȣοǷѩȻܳΪһεĻĵϵȴкü壬ֻҪͶһǽڼ壬עҪѡʧܣǾǿǷѩԽڵһϵǾͶԲȲҪǰɣ
Ҷ˵㣬а⵹пܣϣĴػ壬ĴʵһҲϵʽܵ£пܻ
ʱֻһԱߵͻȻګګʵλ㣬ղȰǲɵȥôһ£
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ҶȻԼ͵͵Ǳ½ģôһĹ򣬾ѴʮһԼһԸԼӣ΢΢һᣬʱлȻ
ԼħֵϢɢ½ħر·񣬱Ȼ׷ŹԼԼػ½£Ǵǿġ
ʱֻɶߵ½ħͬˮ治Щڴ⣬ҶôӲĿɽҪŪ壬ﶷⲻ˳ħô
ҶȻЦôԭΪϣȴм̰ģҲ½ˣħҲһֱ׷һˣ
ɶŴ˿ڣȻҶֲ˵Цɣ
Ҷ˼򵥵ĽͣʵʥĺСǸʲô
ɶɫصԴ˵ʵΪ˶Ը㣬ʮҾѡȡһ֧˵ʦɻʸҵһλʥͳ˧ۼСƧֻҪһС׼ӭͷʹǰΰ·߽СûпܱܹǵĶĿ֧Ӱһ֧ʮλǿɵĶ飬רԸġ
Ҷ΢ЦûɶС㣬Ļ׶༪٣ڼ֪֪ˣƱȻ죬һ䣬ɶСǷɱǹƨ
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Ҷ΢΢磬ȴʹҧҶϽ֣ЦǾȸϽӣɱһ仨ˮΪɶСһ
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ҶЦʲô£˵˵СΧ֮ڣСҲܲһЦˣ
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ҶлȻɶ֮ǰΪʲôҪ֪鶼˵˵ô໰⣬֪ɶҪ£ʼ
ͻȻ˹ص켸ȥѲһ£̸԰գˣȥˡ
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Ҷ֪ǷǰһΣΣ̬ˣжøУȻɶκιǣʲô¾ܷԸ
ҡ
ɶǣòûرܡҶӿ֪ϴΪʲôҪԲôֻԲһصؿıҪ
Ҷв𣬿ʼеɶҪ˵ʲôˣɶ峺ſζĿ£ҶЦɶСʲôɷһ˵أ
ɶеݵģɶкܺ¡
̲סʲôúµģСѾͷŵһμ棬ܳ梵ãô죬棬ҶЦá
ɶȻº溦˳
ҶεɶСǵģͲҪ˵˰գ
ɶظƽ֪̾Ҷ۲ӣ׿ӢڶôӵĻ£ԿɻңڣЩľ֤
ҶЦͱڿˣⷬҽŶˣ㾡ܷģҶȻǸӣҲһ侮ʯСˣ
ɶĿעҶϣҡͷҷɶԣڿҶӣ˵һʵҲ֪ƾɶ֮ԣ˵ַǷȴһССϣҶӦɶм
ɶҶҲвҪܻĸоҪ𻰣ԶҶ̽ͷһԭ˻˼¶ϲɫûеѰ
ҶòԵĳǵ˵ͷŻعͷá
ɶݵʹҧ´ֹ
Ҷһڡ
ʱɶȴ¾Ƶģ̧ͷҶ϶صɶҶɶǴؾıǿˣǧȥ
Ҷԭ˵Ļ˻ȥɻʲôؾʲô


964 ؾ
ɶǼУǴһյ磬̺ĪΪʱĹϵĶܷ˱졣Ǵصأ̫࣬ûƵ֮ǰκҲ׳һǷѩ壬ҲûȥôǴصصĽƣǼĥĲˡֻʣһƣƣԲйأˣ޽⣬ϴηɶҶӺг񣬿Ҷܽɶϴ⣬Էɶдһ롣֪Ǿͻ۷ǣӿ鷳ˣ֮ǰҪȳӣΪ£ҽҲ˵ֻſȥ׷ɱɶҲ֪ܹݣҶҪ֡
ȥ׷ɱӣҶĬĬһᣬҲΪɶеؾЩ⶯Ȳ֮£ԼҪһɱˣϣǴؾʲô˲ñźá
ɶĵĵҶǷΪɶ̫
ҶЦֻ˵ᾡΪֻա
ɶϲ֪ҶһŵǧˣɶˡƨĵҶд񫡣
Ȼ˶Բߣһ˱㲻ͣɶµЩҴ߻ؼȥҶһͬȥ׷ɱɧ
ɶƺԽӵƷʮϤ·ҶЮŮڿ׷֮ǰһ֮УǾͷ˽ӵӰ
ʱ֣˵ִǳأŴ󿪣˽˰ǣͶ꣬ɶȻ꣬ϴһҶһЩ飬гĳһҾ¥ȥ
ӾסҾ¥֮У׼ȥɱӣ£ʮ·˼ʳ£һЩζ
ڹ緹ʱ䣬ʳģ⣬ֻ̨ˡ
ɾڴʱȽ
ҶһȲȻٺŻΪһĨЦתͷȥҲ֪ǸˣǸѣΪ߾Ȼѩ磬Ҷа̾һ
ѩ£⣬̾һѶɣ
Ҷʱħķˣ
ѩɬص֪ħ¶ңȴһֱ㵱ѣûȥЩʲôȴò಻òȰԭ
ҶЦκҪһ£ĳһ£ҵ˵ʺͽڣʵѸԤֻһ仰ô֪ʯϣĪɣѽذѩץסˣûдѳʯתң
ѩ벻дһʣ˰Σŵذѩѻص壬ôץģֻԣȷʵûʯԴҲ뵽ϣǿʯǣ浽ħĻܣѩħˣЩºΥġ
ʵѵ϶ʯҶϣ뵽ҶǲȰҰѶ
ѩ粻õҽˣǿʯûа֮ģֻΪ㵣ģҲֻҲ֪еȡʯʵȴֻܲҸħʥӣΪѰɣ
ҶЦȫΪˣΪҸûȥȡʲôʯȴǰвһ䣺ûȴʵʵڷһֻ˵̫Բذѩˣ
ѩȻʯ䵽𣿡ǲ֮ɫ
ҶװģĿЦ£̾ϢҪˣЩħˣ˵ӵȡʲôʯ׷ϴòǱֿ࣬Ҳֵֻ
ѩ˫ĿâһȵȲ˵ʯ£Ϊɫǰе㲻ͬӣΪӣ
Ҷ˸ҵڶң׷ɱҲ׷ɱĺôһ·Ѫսƴ֮£ʵͻƲŹˡ
⵱ȻҶ׫ֻ֤вؼ٣棬ʹԼԷֱ벽οѩ硣
ҶüƺʲôʯѸ͵ˣûпܵģһĴʥǿƣʥشޱ߼ʣİˣССһʯͬ룬̾ôȡɹ
ѩĬȻΣ̾һȻʹҲûãǰħʥʹңҪ֪ͨ¸Բ֮ҹʯ黹ʥ壬ǽϧһдϰʯȡȥҶס㡣
ҶȻŭֵģû֤ݣǾɱңҲʲӹʯ䵹ǧȷ
ѩüǿʯħĹؼħȻʧ𣬴ʧǰڹؼʱ̣Ǳ磬´󺣶ϴɣҸطܱܷͷƣʵڲԸħΪС
ѩĿģҶֻһοȴܱ¶ȻħҪҳ֣;ܷһǻġ
ԣѩ͵ֱͦ԰չķᣬҶִּˣ޻˵˵ֵܣм˵ϣ
ҶǰӣһдЦ˵ɣȻȴ֪ѩûʲô⣬ˣֻϴһ
ѩħ½Ȼһ񶷣һ綼ķѣս࣬ܿĶЩͨգҵ־֮ʿ֮ʹһͳҶ෬۲죬½ȻʵǿǸΪһйĶǣ໥ƣħ磬еħͳһ£˵ҵ˼𣿴嵱ǰô˽˵ݶøһԡ
Ҷ֪ħľϮ½ûһͳһָߣȻһɢɳħһһɵҪҶȥ̷һƨħȴ򲻿ܵ¡
뵽Ҷҡͷ֮̾˭ʤߣֻоʱ俼֤˵Ҳô򵥵һ£˵ֻĿȦӣ˵ҲգҶûȤȥ̺κˣ˸־
ѩһЦ˵˼áһҶļȻȥˡ
ҶűӣѩԶȥıӰһЦã˿ԶȥˣҲӦȥɱˡ
΢΢ıһòҶϽסǼ¥һСӳ£ֵǣź͵ƻԻ͵ԺӰ
ͬһʱ䣬ӦӵĴڣҪȡжʱ
ѷЩȴûдԺҶѡ
ʱһŭ𣬽˽Ĵ󻤷֮ף֮𣬸;֪ҿŵ뿪
Ҷһ̤ǰһ̽ץȥȴֱһݵı֮͸Ķ룬ҶȴϲǼһĳطܵţǹʽлϵ档
뵽ҶЦѣıɤӣһЦʮĵϷȸɱˣа뿪֪Ƿš
һߣڵ𣬽һۺоȵ֪ͽдʥӣȥݹҵֲ档
СүǸƨӣٳһᣡҶһСİںģȥĽƣһ߱ЦǲǸҽǾֻǵʥˡ
һѵͳ´ԲӣֻҶʥһëǽȫһ±ؽɱ˵أ԰գб죬һӰͻȻҶ
ҶЦһҲǹɲǣ΢΢һʣǵϮҶӰʱһƺߣֻۣۣۣصĺԶȥϮӲǱĵ⡣
Ҷɨһۣ΢΢ֻһŻѣ洫׹ص
Ҷǻᣬ棬ǵǵӰʱȴ΢΢ֻһڴ֮ϣȫñ⣬˿˿ϴð
ʹڣͬѣ̹ǡ
ⶼҶԭǣеȻӣȴѾͷõʶⲻᶨȻйϵô
㲻ãпĳλֵܣĳλ岮Ȼ֪ԼӦӦɱԩ޳ټǲϵʱҶ治ˡ
ʱ˫۱գȻѽ̶ȵ֮УҶɱֻǾ֮͡
΢΢ԥһҶ̾˿еɱԼĿģֻΪô˲ܽɶй¶ȥȻˣԼú˯ϰ֮꣬ҲӦؾ֮ˣ
뷨˫һصĹâ͸㣬Ǳ֮˵ֱȷûȥ֮ҶչʱĶҶٿת
󺺳Ҷ󴦣ͬʱ߳ٵĳҶĿȥ֪ҶЦһӰһǿٷҶı̬Ц
Ҷеʱ΢ȹ˾ûбеĻᣬȻбȫҶӨ覡޳ڡ
ҶȻЦ£СӾҹɧţִ򣡡
Ĵ󺺶һǿߣôҲ벻һ棬עڵϵȻܱҶϤߣȻصȻؿ꣬׵ӲڱϣҺߣһţû
ˣҶϾתӣʱͷ˶ŭĿӣȫƴţʱ׼˹
Ҷ⵭ɨһۣٽǰֻŴĵһ˵ǹ󻤷⣬Ǹ͵Ĺͷ󺺣ȫڶţڽѪһŵɫ
ӵĴ󻤷УһλüԻףʮߵԱӲȫһǹɼ֪δҪѰǵ鷳
Ҷıɤɳ췢һЦɱˣȫ飬ʲôɣ쿴ǻ˳ۣͲΪˡ
ʱǸҶ˵Ĺͷ˵ķ֣̤ǰһȵη󱲣ȻĻڹ뿪
ҶڰݵһĿˣԴϼһϷȻҪȫףһЦ콣֣ߵвģ;ɣ԰գ콣ƱţĽ䡣
λͷʱüͷ壬
һݵĻǲ̫Եˣ
ҶᣬȻѴ㲻ɱˣĿѾɣʱʱЦȺСүûˣˣͣһӴĽһǽѹ˹ȥ
׵ĹͷһǹǵĻɨҶȥˣȷ޲ΪⱲʮһзִ磬ֻҶΪĿ꣬пܱܿĽ֮·һƬͶȥ
ƿ֮ӯƬռϡ
ҶȴȻ壬ٿ³˫û棬ʱҶȴͻȻڿնߣ˫ֱȽֻžžʱ
ѸıȥƣһƬƴƵƽɿȥٽֱƿݶԽһϷһ·ΧӰЦһ·£ϿգͶȥ
صɶסĵطҶֱֱ˽ȥ
˻Ϻҹ뿪ɶ˵ؾ֮ȥ
ºһԱߣݴɽҪҵôһɽ֮û·治ףҶźйһȦŻصɶԱߣ̧ͷ̽ˮӳ£⵴
ɶӰΣЦˡҶ΢΢ɻ󣬱ȷȻûͼָĵطӦǴ˵ġ
ҶôؾںףҪһʱң
ɶ飬οģֻҪֳֵͼŲҵڵģţ꣬һͼݸҶ
ҶνӹɶһۣŵȥڣǾʹ棬Сһ㣬𵽴ߣӹɵľ룬
ˮ̹ǡ
Ҷ³ֱ⴦ѵˮڣοҹ֮ʱȫɲóֻƾо£뵽ҶչԼʶ
׺ȻȻһºӵ
κˣûеͼ£ʱŪص׺ӵһ⴦طȻǷ巢ֵģȻͻ˵ͼҶֳֵͼȷ쳯ȷķǱȥ
խ᫣ֲָĺӵǱʮɺҶͻȻüͷһ壬еЩԾص׺ӲбԶȥǸͷ
Ƭ̺ҶӺˮðͷɶǾڿ϶ڵص׺ڣΪºӻı仯ı䣬ЩطȻʧؾڵʯ׸ıĵλ
ҶϢڿʼٲʲôʲӵĵͼżһǼŪ˵⣬һԼķȥѰҺˡ˿غס
»ص׺Ҷʶȫɢ˿ɽʯɨȥ˰ΣҶͻȻһѭоһʯ飬Ȼʯͻ˴ղעȫص׺ӣò
ҶĽһүӣ߼ʯȥڴ£ֻ죬ں׵խռⴥʯڻȥ¶һͨڡ
ҶڴϲҵھȻڽȥ֮̽ʱͨǰȻˡ̤̤ĽŲ
ҶһæȥôҲû뵽棬Ȼ˴ڡ
ĲҶغǱһˮ̣ӽɵ˵ĲŴˮð
ɾðˮһ˲䣬ȴһҶһ𣬺ʮɵĿռ䣬ںİߣµ˹ȥ
Ӱ󷽵ҶҪҪСŮΪݱҺʪܵӣ⻰˵ЩΪҶȻǸմˮȴһˮҲûУʪܵ顣
ĵЦҲֻЦʹ׼ĿƵͷƤ顣


965 
ɶһһߵڴһǣ˶ǻԲѣȻû˼ܣƾҶһˣôܴоȳ˻ֹһ
ںߣվɴ硢Ķơ񳣡ӡѩͷеƷƶҶļٲмһˡ
·˷
͸ɴղʲôȥˣ
ߵһѻһֻжλᣬÿٴ𡣡
ƮĵҪûŵԣȳǲűʹǳֶΡ
Ҷ콣װһɬЦݣͷãСүһͿأ˵ɣҶɶɨ飬϶ֻѨƣջĿ⡣
ӡתǾ仰ղȥˣ
ҶЦƺδ̸𣿡
ŭЦĴָݺݵеɫתȰС£Ҫĳɫ
ҶкЦöֻţ˵һûһ֣ܾߣǶ˫аô
˰ҶǴˣĿµûеڶѡ񡣡
ӡԹԸӽ¶˵ֻ·һ
ҶȻʧЦְɣƾôһտڰ׻ҾͻԹ¶ҾսǽպԻԼȡع
˿Ƶı飬õȫľޱ飬ҶȴֱӦڵ𵴣֪ԼǷΪУǵҪ
º붯ġ
ҶȻûĥȥǲֻܿʯ٣ǷбɱҶһΪǸ𣬽ħԶò
ƷһͳЦͷãȷ̸ͽǮʸǲ뿪һصأ
ҶСӻҵڡ
һһֻɣħ֮ģֻҪ̹˵νصأǿɱ֤˺㣬ȫ㣬ǵһ仰
Ҷħ׿ı֤ȻʳԣﵽؾڣֻһյȲڵĹҴһȥ·յȲԲǻǾͿֶԸǣˣǵñ֤ʱڲøǡ
һֱûѩͻȻȻ˴ԶҶȥֻҪȷҶû˵ѣԷˡ
ҶҡͷԱһȥ磬ˡ
ͷпɽܡתõδʾѽؾ뿪Υҳ顣
õֻеͷķݶ
ʾҶ˵ɣ
Ҷѹھںһʯ֮󡭡ź˵ؾλüеͼƵؾĿһ
ھںײԶҶ֮ǰˮɡ
Ƴʲôء
ҶҡͷֻѰڣûнȥЩʲôȴǲ֪ˡ
ٿ𣬵ϣû˵Ѱɣߣ
ҶǰʱλԼ뿪˽ɫͬʱλλ䣬ҶΧ
Ҷûᷢ㣬һЦԼ𣿲Ӧġ
¶һЦݣĵС棬ǣϷؾڵˣڴ½洦ܣ˵
罿ЦСӣǲû˿ΥԼ֮⣬ֻ㰲˯һŪؾڲʵ󣬲ĺ뿪Ǻɣ˵ջһۣƶ˼Ҷȴܡ
Ҷһ˹Կ˼ϵӴѹüûСӣǷǳأ鼱ֻ֪ͨʮѧԺһãǲֹҪʧȥؾеıλֻ»Ҫڴˡ
ȻҶҲʮ֮ͨˣ㾪ʮҵˣľԼ
ҶȻʧЦⷬǰìܣǼȻһᾪˣΪڣһҪҪɱΪҶ֮ô
ӡЦһⷴȲ£ֻʹɱ֡
Ҷҡͷ̹̾˵֣Ļ൱ãҪߣȴװ쵽Կҿɲұ֤ʲô
Ȳɵ˭֪ҪʰҶ϶ʮапɰõɶ԰벽ʵһֶǧ֮ڵߣȷǺϡ
ҶõǰرƣȻռϷ紦
Ϊ̨ҶȻɣҴӦǣһȥؾѰȽʷߣһ֮ڽؾ֮࿹ģ֪УҲ԰ɣ
ⲻʧΪһİ취Ϊ˼ҶİȫɶΪˣʲô顣
üһ壬˵
ҶڣȻҵĵޣֻҪ˰ȫȥҲŻǺλΣκˡҲɡ
ɫѯҶ֮ǵĻӡʾΨһ֮εðɣ֮ԣǷͼı죬׷ɱĺǣһ֧ûһܻ
ߣҲûСүʲô¸ʲô²ӦһǷֵģҶһнӹɶһһѺ
нһЩ飬Ҷ뿪ʽȴòߣֱʧԶУûһ˸ٺҶ˿
תӣˡ
ɫ粻Ȼȷںףǰ·
ҶҡͷҪȥ˶ȥҪȻһˣȥֽСѾͷŪ˻񲻹ҵһѪ
Ҷ˵е뷨־ŭתһƣֻĬĬźףȻмС˵ΪԼڣֹʧ˼˷ģֻС˵ͷ뵽ԼΪʲôͷ΢΢ˮס
໥һۣҶЦôǻȥô֮£ΪףӰ˺ףҲҶһʱܵȥ
˶׺Ҷˮ֮ǰǸؾ֮
ڣ֮ǰ˵̫խһֻܳһͨ
ת³һЦҶ֣Ƚȥϡ
ѩһְ񲻺ӺҶֻҪҶѰؾڣǾͿڱͻȻϮɱ֣Ա˵͵ϮҶ±Աȫеɡ
ԣƳһۣ༥ҶЦ¶ǰλ¶ûĵȺ˺һȱ
ѩ޳ɵôȷ
Ҷ쵽ǰЦҪ˵һá
ü΢壬Ҷӹһ߶Ͼɢһء
Ƶۣ΢΢㣬ɱСӣͲ֪ϧô
ֲ͸ģΪʲôҪϧҶ΢΢ЦЦֻȡһӣȻý˿ãݵе¿ɾ͸ģмǣԺҪٺˣ
С΢죬ݺݹҶһۣŽӹ´ˡ
һĻվһԶŭֱð޲óҶ֪ļһ
ҶȴûֳС飬һ㣬ֱһġ֮ĵӣˡ
õɨҶһ۵Σ
ҶǸѡһӣϵĵǼıžǼ˭ĵ˭ں˭ĵ٣˭ǰ
Ȼץô
ҶЦŵͷǰڵӰˣ淲ǵΣյҪȥִУץǩǵҲ֮࣬ˣҶҲĴ
üôֻˣ
ҶӣŮðУԼֻӣ󡣡
ѩͷˡ
Ȼû˵ʲôȴǴҶһۡ
ƲԵԼխһʱŭЦãҶץ԰գִҶһ飬һۣͻȻнп޵ģôһ㡣
ɫУҶҪڶ㣬ΪҶҶʩ֣ʱ޶ûطȥޡ
Ѷһ˫飬۾Ҷ滨ȴҶһЦصѩ磬ˡ
ѩҶһۣץһ飬̧һƣе˵˺档
ǰ뻢ӡǶȥֻҶʣǿȡ˳΢΢üҵôǶ㣡⻰ƶУȴǴˣǺʲôʲô
˶ɿе㣬ѩ㣬ӡ÷ֱġ㣬Ϊ鵽һĶƣ־ּôҺ棬ǲʲô
ҶɨһۣЦƷƷǸ䲻ˣᾹȻƤ
Ƥһȣǿ˭Ƥˣڵôôɣߣβ㣬ҪҶѪʮףֻҪһлᣬ˫ŹԷԣƤûϣҲҶ
¶мĿ˶һۣƹ飬Ȼβ㣬Ǵ㣿ǲǻҪƻһӣŸģ˾ˣԸķ䣬ȻС
һûȥ
ҶҲûϵ޳ܣüͷһ壬ӦѩȴҪˣҶͷŵڶӦöûˡ
ƻѩ绻λãҶ棬ĵûؾ֮ǰСٶһʱ䡣ּв֮ɫʧ˼˷ģװɴȵѩֵܵⲻôˡ
һƤֻԭӵҲ䲻ƣҶһ֮ͨУϢԴúðΣҲϢоɣˮɫ⣬ϸȴҶӰӡ
̲סҽȥơȥȴ糶ס˵üȺ򡣡˵ѩ磬ѩ˵ͷͨɭɭԽŵӿ̹ǣս졣
ѩѾȥʱĶҲ಻ס˽ȥ࣬һȻˮУ֪ΪΣʼղصڡ
ֻ·õʲôȥ;ýŲıڣԼһ飬̽һڡ
ƾ񣺡ԭصĳھˮ֮£޹һͿѩҶСӵӰˡܽ˻ҶʧΪһ£㽫һᣬǱ
˶Уŷνڣһ˸ߵСţźнϣˮǳʮʯѳˮ
ҶǹˮУƴ˭ϳˮܼ֮żţڲָʯףһ߹һˣǽзשĦλԽլΧǽΧǽĽֵ·
һ뵽Ҷѩصƶ˹ƶˣڲʱصֻҡѩˣɳֽŪټ޻ѩ硭
뵽пϲɴϢ˭֪صоϢƬ̣̲סѹɤӣԻҶ֣ѩˣ
Ҳ˴𣬶ƽ˸ϵɱ֣ɵǰϸֻһδһ죬·ײǽڡ
ƳԳһЦǸ׽Բô˵Цӵ촦ŷ䣬һĴʹӿƲҺһҽգֳڣͼסΣһʹֱֱ͸ơ
ٽֻ䡱һƲ֪ʲôײһ£ǹǿ͵ĳײããڰһռ䣬µֻһһͷԽһĶڡ
ٵ£һǿ߻飬ͷת򣬲֪˼
جδᣬӺ¶飬ɺգһ̣պðʵãͷһʱ֮䣬Ȼá
ԳƴδԹǱ˵أзŭסӳƣͻȻƬռľ⡣
ƲŵĴɹԴǷںڰ̫ãȻʲô
ɶƵ䣬һͳѾ𣺡ûпǵȷֹҼù⣬ҲòҪҶ
ǰͻȻһ⣬ǵԽԽ󣬺ǰȻһֻҶЦȡһ¹ʯƬռյͨƼҲУһֱֱӭ浴ĿɿڴԳԵص㣬㡭
ҶЦֺ࣬⵱󡹦أ£ǧʵڣ
ƽ¹ʯҲѩĹֻŵأҽ𣬵ϸʧɫֻܵЩ˿ϣеϸ롣
ٿ˿סԼҲһ޶ʱкȻ⵽ʲôطȻһ˵
ټҶȻҲУȴδлȻѩˣ½ƻأٽ˼ݺ뵽ٿ侲Ҷɫʮˡ
ʱƬռͻȻֶˡ
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ŶƶҶɫüҲȴҶȻС㣬ҪƬռһ޼ʣûŵ㣬Ȼ˶ƿƿȥѰ֮
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ﻰҶصҲһġ
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Ƶӿڵ˭Ц棬ȥһ֣
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죬׷СˣҶͻȻʧȻعϰâһ˿ѣӰһΣѳҶʧĵط
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һϵĵطҶ漴Ϸֿ콣˵ʱʵؾУӦûʲô˺С޴׼һǺõġ
ӦýһԹʽĵطԹĴǱݺύͨĳڣȴֻһûһȷĿ֪꣬ҪѶʱ䣬߳ȥ
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ٺ٣ãǾȡ͸úˣЦһͻȻǱȥɲŵ·˿ûвĴҲͬ˶Ƶϡ
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ᣬǿȵǱɣһĻòɵĿ˵һ䣬һǴǱ˹ȥڴҲΪ֮һûе飬׷ٶȴƬ˳Ǳڡ
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ҪЩû˵ĲٿأҪǣǾԲġ
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ˣҶȻʹѣȴòεʵ֡
ɾҶа֮ʣǳǱоȻɢ˷ۺɫۺɫٶȷǳ죬ˮ˲串˽Ǳڵ˶ڸǷΧ֮ڡ
ҶüͷۺɫŨѿǱˣֻʩչʶҪۿʶոͷſһеһɱ⣬ҲܵӰ죬ֻϵСͻȻһ⣬˹
ģ﷭˴ǹʲôȻôֲʶܹɡҶµĿЩƮܵķۺüͷ
ұɢʶҲڡȻҲ˸ͻȻغȵۺɫϢɱ¾ҽſɢЩˡ
԰գŨŨУһ˲Լͬͷſ򣬽Χķۺɫȥ˵£Ǳܿû
ֲ̾һҺõöѣҲûʶͷſȻʶȻҪܵ𺦡
ӡȴǵҸղһǱɱԽʶͷſҪʲôˣȻǸ˲ջˡ
ûǣתͷãû°ɣ
㿴𣡡絭˶һۣŵҸղֻǸеһ˿꣬΢Щɱ⣬ڿƷΧڣЩȻ죬ȴκβҡ
ƺȻüͷһ壬תͷĳȥ˰ΣŻعͷڵҪСĵãЩȻκǣȴõͽߵľ
ߣھ뱤ɣȻֶܲܿ飬ôҲҪŪǱشŽգǿ޷򿪣ֻܴϷһ롣
ҶǺ棬Ҳܽ뷿䣬СĸǺ棬龰һݺύľͨߴʵֺڣԼÿ߹һʮ·ھͻᴦһȵַĵš
Ĳ˵˵ЩδСһʮɳΣʱϣʱеĶţƺûʲôɿѰȫŵİ׹⣬һʩչʲô档
Ȼʮ·һ˺óһξŻһҶԹһ£һ·߰ţ⻹ûͨ·ϵš
һŵʵڲ٣
ǰ־һ·ڴ˵ķȻһš
ʱβںҶͻȻüͷɫһ¡
źǰЩͬȻͬķĵȸ񣬵ȴȻ޹⣬һ⻪ҲûУ·ѱƵһ
һҶɫĶ࿴ۡ
ʱһƵź洫Ŵһһ𣬷·ʲô޴Ķˡ
ɫ΢䣬һֹס˲ӣţ¶֮ɫ
ҶȴкٺһЦ¶һ˿˷֮ɫҲǰǼ˶ţ˿òģܾܶˣҶҪĽ
ȴظӦҶעӣһͷطЦЦҺЦ󣬾̻عͷȥȴҲһ˿ɻ֮ɫ
Ҷȴ⡱һ£֪Է˾Ǻ⣬Ī淢ԼΪβֱӵԼݣɫ˿ɻ
ҶʱлȻҲֻǻɶѣȷԼ͸Ǻ棬ҲǣԼһɴ˿ȴûԼӰ
ۻ˭ɣͨһ㣬Ҷǿ侲
ǳصƶԽˣƺڶʮԶľѡ
ǶͨһƬ֪ʲôԭҶʱĿͨҲ޷ʲôеĶŲɵɫʣ֮ͨȻЩƣߵһʶ
Ҷע⵽ǰĶĿȴǺâһƺʲôδҶ׹ֻһͺ󣬺Ϊһ⣬ɿǰ֮ͨС
һȭߵġԶȻ𣬲ŽġǺĦ̶֮֮
õһ˾˲ֻƽ޾֪ǰ淢ʲô£һ̣ͽ˵ʵ¶š
áѩ硢ӡ˶ǿߣ٣Ǳ棬ҪܵЩƣ֮ȴǿԺ޼ɣܵӰ죬΢΢
ҶĿԶЩɻ֮ͻ¡һ죬֮һƬƺʲôɢһɢܡ
Ҷһ뵽ʲô
ʱ澲ŶƿЦ֮ƺ֮ӡ
߰ɣѾûˡͻȻڣǰȥ
ٺ٣жǰһ·ͨɫһɵЦȻͷǰȥҶĽ˹ȥԭޱĻӡȴ¶һ˿м֮ɫŲæ
ֻʮɵľ룬ҶͿ˫ֵȻվǰһĶ
ʣǱЩ˼ˣһˣһ²չ֫е˵
ǶΪħϬޱȣǻôխصط֣ɾе鷳Ц˹ȥƨ
˶Էķ֮ԣٺһЦû˵ʲôϵƲûȥνǰ棬ƺղŵǷ򶷻ûоƵģѰһ
漸һЦƾȻԸǿ·Ȼ֮ˡ
ھǶɫĶʱҶͣ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫͷϸ
սʿȻֶԼûв´ʲôȼĻսʿܺͶƹϼУûɱҶһЩȻһЩʹϧ
ϴ󲿷ֶһɫ֪֮⻹һЩƵĽɫףں޹ĴֺУԼһЩӰ˵ֶ
Ŀһſűɫıʯϣһһģɢ֮ϢһֺܹĸоһºҶ̶ֽЩʯһɨս˴У¸ǰһ˵ȡ
Ҷ뷨ܼ򵥣ЩսʿʵӦʥ֮ϣԶƺԴʱδʲôǿʽ΢΢ЩϷӣҶȴЩޱȡ
Ϊ֪ЩսʿֻҪڵоƬͿԲǣǸ˵ȴǽЩĴ֣˸ϡõģôʱҶдǸܼӡ
ʥڵĴ֣½Ҳж٣һ֣ٻʮʥڵĻսʿҶʵԸƣʱֻҪ趼ʶ
ĺöȻٵˣҶԸ뱦ضֶʵЩģŽϵЩ̱ʯҵ֮еһοɣ
ʱǰִ˴֮Ƕǰսʿ֣ڵʽ϶ûлһĻսʿˣжǸƻǰ·ʲôսʿֻ¶Ҹ顣
Լ󣬺񲢲һǵѡ뵽һ·ʱҶͻȻ͵͵˽ȥһʱһ
û˿·ҶһͨķۺɫӭҶСɢ򣬽ǰĺɫǰ
Ǳкüʮ㣬Ҷһ߱һȣѰ˸飬Ҳûһսʿⲻ΢΢Щʧ¥ݳһȥ
һطΧҪһĶ࣬ҲҲӵĶࡣ
ùǱڽһʱҶеһѹ֣ҲߵʲôطǰǴķۺɫţоǰԶδ֪ģʱ̾Ҳƣ
ɾʱֻȻһη
꣡ҶûӦͼһʸʹǰĺڰ˲䵽ǰٶʵ̫ˣҶ㡣
ۣǼʸҶķϣ˲ĥʸᴩ֣Ҷһʱ㵣عæӿ֮
Ȼһֱ˿һӰ˲˹
ĺãȵþһ̣Ҷˣ˲ʩչӰٶȴҶе콣ؾһֱӰϡ
ӰݺԱߵϣڵϣڱƺȴ˿ǱǸ嶼з磬ԣҶе֡
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ŵû


968 
Ӱ콣һȻվֻıҶݺһñˣƤѿ¶ؽǣ˫λǺɫʯضҶе࣬ɱ
ǿŽͷ­棬ϵƣȻ˲ָˡ
Թԣ˲ãһﾹȻԶ޸ֲþǶʰǣҲҪһֽţҶظӦУǰ渲ƤȴǸûһ˿Ϣ
ʥλĻսʿҶڲƻ£Ƿ˷ס΢һҶͷһɫıʯ
ʯ棬һķţǿƻսʿĻоƬˣʶ̽棬ԭ˶´ָԼΨǴӵָ
һкҶŽоƬ²߻սʿڣվҶǰĻսʿаâһҶɨһ͹վı
Ҷ⿴߻սʿһۣŴǰȥ
ҶɫȻ䣬ԱߣȻһǹ·һЩսʿû˸ûڳȻ죬Ҷһʱ֮£ͻϮӦ
ٴڻսʿгԿˡ
Ҷ˱ǹطڰҶƶڵϣҶϮһɫǹĽɫսʿսʿȻûоƬȴЩսʶ
ۼҶӲǹһ̣Ȼ·ûƣҲǴһҲû룬ʵ̫дָӣһܾ͵˰⡣
ȴֻҶЦһͻȻĻսʿյĻսʿһѳǾܻսʿı󣬻еһӣһӰֱֱǾ߽ɫĻսʿ˹ȥ
ܵľǾ߻սʿܣȴԼȻܶˡ
ôܣŽ˫оǾ֮ɫҶһӣһɹ˹ǰշĻսʿȡеоƬ
ڽظϴ飬Ҷֶ˸֡
һúùһ飬ֱûֻսʿӰɱҶȥ
һ㣬ҶǰģһޱȵĴоֻһš
ǰһ
ֻһ
ɢϢһĶڵϣѾϰδ¸һĳĵΪһ塣
Ҷͷսʿʱ̧ͷͷ˸һ⡣
ꡱһнһںڴ󵶣վһƬȻߴʮɣᵶǰĶΪȥҪĴţͷǵùһء
޴ʵӦòȥɣãٺ٣кܺãҶдϲ˹ȥ
һһ㣬ȻҶ˹ȴΡȻδֻвʱ⣬űˣǾԲǵġ
ҶһӣһշĻսʿĿ¶׹⣬ߴ˹ȥڱȥ֮ǰһ£Ȼֻһ߻ףоǰжвϢĶǰδ
Ҷ˵һԣδ֣Ż׺ĶҪſڵжôǿʵ
ҶĴߴ֮£׻Ӷĳǹ͵ǰһǹͷһ̣Ŀкڶˣսʿһǹ
ĶȻǡôһɫ󵶳սʿȥǱ߲ļĴ󵶣Ȼѣȴ᲻ɴݣһƻսʿͷӲףͷɫͷ­͸ݺݵڵذϡ
Ǿ߻սʿֱӱѿɫҵ˼£ķˡ
ֻһ׺ݸɴûκζĶһʥڵĻսʿ
ʵôҲӦ˰ɣҶĿɿڴһû뵽ȻһڵĻףףһսЩʥڻսʿ
Ȼһʧһ߻ףҶȴЩϲڵɲģԼȻˣ;Բܴ
ʱҶͻȻһ̧ͷĳڿȥֻӰѿҪڣҶҲ˲ʲôæ磬Ǿ߻Լһͬ
ĿкһɫͻȻһӳ衣
ֻܼʮ졣
εĹĵϸĿһԳѺۣȴ֪ʲôµģ֮ϵλȴûܵκ˺
һ㣬ҲҶʹޱȣڶĳ֣ܵƻܲż
ʱֻ˾סһͻȻ˲˭Ƕˣֻȴǵһˣȴ֪ȥˡ
ͻȻǾ׵Ŀǰһۣ֮󣬲һܵĻţ˹һ˿֮ɫ
ȴǵͷһؿڣкⱩƺŭˣǸ߽׼ͷԺǿᲢۣһվ˸ˣôû¡
ͻȻ΢΢һףȻ͵һԾʮɸߣнյĺɫ󵶣͵Ĵӿ˳ȥųѴǿ˲١
ڶ˵ӹһ̫ѣȴû˿Ķ֮⣬Ǳڰ߲Ĵ󵶣ԼԽԽ󣬾Ȼֵ˹ȥ
ཻƴ֮£Ȼһ˼һ̣Ƶɫĺѿɫ
Ҷдвãոе¾ҪڶƵŭˣһ̣ҶԶ˵ʵֻҪļ䣬ȡоƬͿȫٿˡ
ֳ֣˭¶õɣ֪һ㣬򲻻ýٻģҶô˵ĳڣⲻƾô
Ϊһ¶Լ٣е㲻㣬ҶֻǿѹʹϧŶƳ˹ȥ
ȻûκʣǿҲֵ˶Ƶķ񹥻ѴھԵ·磬öһȭͷ֮ϣʱˡ
ɨ˵ڵϵһۣƿȴš
֮󣬹ĳһԼʮɵؾ޴ˮ˾֮˸ŵİ׹⣬ڻһͬߴĺɫˡ
ޱȣŭĿԲһĴͺͷˮһʵڹޱȣ
Ƭ̣Ŀ䵽˾ϣֻοһֻʱᡰסһ۾Ľʶ˳ȥ
󣬶ƺָһˮʱǰɫľˣۿӵ£ɿشϵµˣתۼ䣬˵ͷ­ͳʧˡ
Ҷڰ죬޷ϣ𾪵ĿУǸˮľһڻˣֻڿһżСľ״Ʒصİ׹⡣
ʥϢ
һ¶һ˿ϲ˹ȥҪ֮ʣǿžʯĺը㣬һ޿ɿܵľѶ˿
һƴǣ˲佫ǹɷƾѹɾʱƷϿһӰκŵĸ٣նɲǼƮ
°һѣʱâʢѶʱȿ˿һӣϷѾսһŵĺƤУжˮû˷Ѱʱ䡣
ôҲû뵽˸ҴӻжʳһһΪ˹ȥһӰ䵶һӰеĺƤȥȵЩɶļһҪô
ʱҶĿɿڴˣǣȻڣԶѰţЩԭϵԭǺһҲ̽Ѱߡ
ҶúߵĿԷǳ֮
£ҿɷһ·һ߷񹥻ţһȴŭȵ
Դ鱾ǶЩƾʲôȡߣͻȻ䣬Ƭռ䣬ɳӿʮطӿŵĻɳЩɳѸٴ֮С
ǾȥɣгɭĽͻأĳ֣ݺݵЩɳ֮С
ֻһ죬һ޴ѷи֣ѷ֮Уһ߱жϵʬ壬ɫѪҺѷ
ʲôҶǾ߹ʬ壬䲻ɫѪҺıۣȫϸۣͷ֮жǡ
ѵе
ƻΧգĮĵһֱڿռУôӳɣڶ˵֮ʣгеĽâӿЦһƺݺݵ̤ڵ֮ϣһѷ˲ֱֱϮĳεڡ
͡һӰѷмٵȻӰӷӳ죬ȴɱһ̤֮Ѫ硣
ģ㾹ȻɱǵĻʿһ֮ͬʱʮӰԻɳ֣һýݵߣеĶס
һᣬԴ齻΢ۣԻɳдܳļʮӰӣЩߺͨû
ֻĽ֣ҲȴڶͷһֻۣƤǻɫϸۣƨ֮ϣһض̶̵ĻɫβͣܵĿЩһҪж֣ж֡
֣УòҲҪж־ж֡
⼸ʮ֮УͷϵĶд붼ǻɫֻа˸ɫǣĸɫǣһˣҲעĿһˣȴǽɫǡ
ͷǵɫעʵĵȼ
벽ǿô۾΢У߷ɫǵĹϣ૵ֲܳ䲻⣬ҷ׼ʣԴ飡
ɵ࣬ˣҪ˴ΪߣĿڶɨ󣬶ʱɭɭĵȻ˻ƣٶƻǿ
ɫ֮籡ڿһһãϳһɭìŶƺݺݵȥ
ƲмƲƲҲֻһȺߣΪһ֮˽Ȼ׻ˣɥĲھȻͳȫˣ
ЩԼìԶƵԸֵõţг֣һɫìɢɳ䣬һӰӹȰĶͷ߼Ϯȥ
ƵöѸ͵ٶȣɫ΢䣬˫ǰһ裬ɳ͵ĳ𣬻Ϊ޴ߣŶƲƶȥ
ЩС⣬ֹôЦһһӣɫĻƾոֱֱ֣Ļ֮ϣȻը
нâڶݺݵԼһλ룬ԶƵʵԸȶ֣һ浹Ĵɱ
ųеɱ¾ҶȴЩ֮ϣһâͻأ֣ͬһ㣬Ҷϯǳʧ󼰵ˡ
ܵǵâ̺ĿҶɫһ䣬˫ּ趯Ѹһֵ֣֮ʣȴͻȻб䣬ٻתͷǴɱķĶƾȻͻȻԼ˹
Ҷһͷ֮ϣ亹ǻ£쵰ʲôطΪʲôƫƫҪԼⷽգҶҲڿͻȻ
̧̤һ̤ں׼Ķͷ֮ϣѹѹʱ䣡һǿҵıըѤ̻ڶͷ֮ʢſ
ͻȻֵıʣڳ˶ƿ˿ѪعҶ֮ʣͻȻһЩ壬ֱֱ˹
Ҫ˺顣


969 һ
ģ㽫СүƳģֵܹ˭Ҷס˶ƵһػһɭؾƷ֮Դ֮ϣݺݴ¡
ƳϵɭҶƤ̵΢΢飬ڳ̼͸ҶԴ֮ʱԴȻ˼ĹŤŤɭҶͷƤ˸ա
ʱЩ忴Ҷĳ֣ΪԮ֮£һӰŶȫԸҶ֮ʣȻһìݺݵزƵļ֮С
֮֡ϴľʹöƼΪŭһӲĽìг˳ѪҺŴļһ˹ȥ
ܶǵԹĿ⣬Ҷμٶ䣬ڵѾռ˿Ϸ磬ЩҲҪɱɾΪ֮ƣȳΪ
ǽߵĽţҶɫ΢ϲǿԴǼһϣѳɽĹƮǰץǸһûа
ҶſڣЩƴ飬̾Сү壬ûʵ壬ֻ·ˣ֪ƮƼ䣬ͻȻҶǰأһ˹
ɽһҶȴ䣬޼ѰֻʣӲƴһ;Ҷһ˫ŷϰգ콣ؽӰƵĳһ
ֻļҶ𣬵һԣ˴Ѫ
Թһۣɣ
ҶӵȥѪ΢΢һЦ˵ƯղþȫԲκСүʲôСүˣټ΢һζԶȥûĺڵͨ
ҶһߣЩ֮壬ҲҪ׷룬֪׷ҶǻǻĶͻȻֲľһǴȵɡֲؾݺݵĳЩ壬һͷѵĴУֻѪ衭
ʱҶû˿ͣ٣һȫ֮󣬲ͣȴ𶯼䣬һֻһѪ̣ݺݵҶ
ҶһЮ˵ֶȻһֻͣһһɫѪҺмͷԼǴ͸ؿڵѪ̣ɫѪĽ£Ѫ̣ƺԽˡ
쵰Сүɱ㣬㵽СүˣҶؿڱһ󶴵Ĺ壬ֽ֮˵ϣ
áģҲϵǹŤתԴҶ˻Ƶĵ
ȷǡҶ˼䣬ǸװԴĺƤ
ɳ壬ǲŹǵġɫѪҺ촽䶯ţĵ͵ͳĴЩҶеëȻĸо
̵ģӦòĳɣҶ۾УȻһﵽʲôͷĲȴðգлһ˵ճһƬ̿󣬲ȻǱ
ҶǱһǸڡ
ããڣϸСɳʯ˶źζĿʯЩʯµķʴ֮£ѾüΪԲ
У˼˹ηֻ֮ʯھʯ֮Ϸ
Ҷ΢֮ϵ΢ʢӭĿ£Ƿ·ûб߼ʵĸڣ૵󲿷ֵط¶һ
ҡҡͷ֮ϵɫ磬ҶűӿЦλԪѱƻ˸ף֮ϵ磬ȻȫɼĿ񱩷Ԫ۶ɣֿ񱩵ôȥȡ
ҶǷһ㣬ûߣûЩλΪۺ쿪ǰץץ֮ʱн֮УѶһ˿ɫ
ЦһǰȻŲһ٣͵ػعͷֱԶһʯͷ֮ϣָᵯ˿ɫʱһѳìƷ֮һʯըɷ顣
ûκ۾΢΢ҶȻȣˣɣ䣬һɭľƾҶ֣׼Դݺݴȥ
ҶһܣȻվ֮ȴǲ֪ΪΣһǿȻ˫סˡ
ֻӳƬʱ䣬ǹɭȴѾգ۱㵽ּһңۿݺݴ£ǿİ׹͵ҶڱһϽ𳤽ԺԴ֣ǹɾ
һͺȣҶȻ˫Ѹѵص״֮һһųŵ·̤ȥ
ֻ顭һɳ衣
˹Ҷչһʯͷ֮ϡ
ǻɳ账Ҷüͷ壬ڸղ̤ȥʱԵĲһϢԵص±գ֮䣬ǹϢٴʧȥûһӰ
ƬɳĮйŹ֣ҶҵģʶƬأΧɨȴδ֡
ղϮʵǿû񾳽磬֮ȴǼΪ죬ֱֶ֮ǰҶδԼŵµɳʯ澹ȻŹ
ֹ֮֮ĶҪ٣ڳǱмЩ壬Ҷ۾ĪЩһǶһֻΪɳͨҶʱлȻ
ֲƬɳ֮УԼʲôܷ֣ЩһУɳʯͬΪɳĮеһݣͨɳʯһ޶
Щһղһˣȴƺδɶ˺ǻܽɳжȥ
ҶĬĬĵ˵ͷͷƬڣ˼־裬ʶٴμǿƬذ׷Χȫ֣ȻһɨΪ֮£Ҷܿͷһ쳣
صµĻɳ󲿷ֶǴھֹ״̬ɵҶʶɨһطʱĻƲȴϸ΢ĲͻأģҶ͵ڵӼ䣬
żڵ漱ٵ㶯Ѿڿռ֮ߣ΢ΣƮ콣ģһ»âɳʵʽֱֱɳ֮С
˻ɳ֮УȴǴһ˻
ߣι죬ֻҪӣûùӳԣҺҶһĻɳ֮Уڻɳ֮ڣȴδʲôʬ壬ȴǼصɫѪҺ
ƼЩѪҺ϶˸ղϮԼЩһݣȴЩǶٶȣһȻӵƬɳĮΪṩ˲ٷ㡣
ǻɳǵɫѪҺҶͻȻڿնЩƬɳĮûģһãԼܾҪܵǵİ㣬ǺķЩڿаȫЩ
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ʬ屣ʮȻǸոȥãǱһɽʺֱӱҶе벻ͨһôԵ޹
գʬһȥֱǰȥ·УȻӶĳʬ̶ǧ׵ĵطһ·Ȼѿʮʬˡ
տʼҶΪЩΪԼõ壬ýԼǵΧɱ֮Уҵģһ·ϣСġ
ǵüʬף֮󣬲ŷֲԣҪʲ壬ҲôԼ˰ɣҪδҲ̫ЩַҲ̫Щ
ⲻԼģЩ׷ɱˣȴɱˡ
»ոշãΪЩɳصĻҵĽӡһȺɳ׷ɱһˣ;ϵĺ׷ɱݵش򶷣ȴ⵽˵Ϯɱ
Щʬ嶼ЩӡûбɳĨȥսԶˣɳ˶ǰ׷ϣֲԼ⵽ǵķԭǵԼ˵ԮԲŻϮɱԼ
ţҶĶͻȻʱԼǰǧ״ХǴ򶷺Ͳҽ
üͷһ·λ̷Ƿ򶷵ĵط˹ȥȻ֪ùȥ֣ȴڲסеĺ棬Ҫ֪ʲôڸɳɱ
Լİȫɳôˣ˫϶ɱļңû⹤ͷԸԼҪȻҲڷɱԼʱһУѸԶˣԼȥһۣӦûʲô󰭡
дĴʱʱɳĮϿշӰ졣
Լ˽һʱ䣬Ҷ˷һɳ֮Ϣɳ֮·ɨһۣɿ龰ȴ΢΢һ
еģʮɳˣѪĿ˵ɳѪ֮УһЩɢ֫Ҳɢڵϣ֮֫ϣϵɫѪҺɳ֮С
֮ʮɳˣˣֻǿΧܣضһɴŮеǼǿ˵ذ籡
ϲɴ棬ϲðеŮ磬Ҷ벻˭
ֻǴ˿̵ȴķһʯ֮ϣΧЩɳˣɴ֮£Ȼ˿̵飬ȴܿͬھǿǿš
Ϊ֮£Ű籵֣΢˺ۣڵֻ¼أҲǣҶʵɳ֮УӦһûг񾳽ĻɳˣЩ鷳
ѾͷһֱӸɵôɳǿߣľŹ֡
ܾǿᣬЩɳϾǾʮɳ˼䣬ǿһˣҲֻ˰벽񾳽磬Ҷͬһ
ǻҶͬĻɳˣȻȡʤ˿Ƭɳ֮УȴûаգΪսҲʱñռУҪȡʤǲס
ʱҶзǳԥԼҪҪ֣һϽҶѾͷǴڵж״̬ȫûгֵıҪȣȴֲҶ·
ڿռ䣬ҶͻȻ米һ΢΢ЩϤӰʱһЦͦ˳ȥˣΪ磬Ȼһˡѩ硣
ֻСӴʱȫ˻״̬Ҫ绤ֻ˸ʬˡ
һЦ콣Ѹ׼ڳΪߵǸɳȥ
ͻȻҶǿƶڳ֮ˣ΢΢һȻϵ飬ȴֲȻͬ
翴Ҷĳ֣Ŀһ˿죬Ųһ˿ɻƺ벻ףΪʲôԼ
ЩɳˣۼͻȻôǿУ֮⣬еš
ʱâ壬ɳǿæ˿ȥʱվԱһɳˣͻȻҶǰ棬˵Ҷ콣ȴֻĴһ
â䣬ɳˣˤ⣬δǰʱڳĻɳ˶Żعɴ˿֪ҶղųǺεȵĽѸ졣
Ǽ״˴󾪣ǰͳҶ˾춯صĿ񹥣ҶЦУսսӾ磬սѪأ֮
ʱվһԣһֱûгֵ벽ǿߣͻȻһҶɱ
ҶЦһװ̬콣ȴһУнͷʱżư벽нǼӹֺֻͿɰʿ
콣˳ƽ
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Щɳ˻״ҶֲĹˣһǵ죬ĵ㺮Ȼûһ˸ȥУ׷Ʈɡ
ҶҲ׷ϣһЦǰһֱѿҪ״̬е磬ýѩ磬֮ʧĻɳ֮С
Юһ˰ٶ·һСɳɽͣ
ѩһȻιһЩҩһᣬѩһظѵʶѩ۾ԼǰҶȻԾһſʼ۽¶ϲɫǼԼĴҶŮӵ
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˭֪ѩȴҡͷ磬ֻһ̵òʵò
磿Ҷɽ̬Өѩֳŵ֮ļһ֮žӣѹСҪΪˡ
ѩ̾һֻϧôҲҵġ
Ҷ˵öԣŮܻȣСүȴأ
ѩ̧ͷҶͻȻΪɫôѿ
ҶԼӣ˼ΪҸղΪǴ̫ͨ๦ɣȴиѩ˸ɫȴŵԭˣ
ѩһӣЩĬվȥûлɳ׷￴ûа취Ūɣ
Ҷǻ᲻֪һȥΪѣ˵ʮɵľ룬ҶŵǳףѾͷԹ£ȻкݺңΪ֮ʣзӡҴ󲿷ֹģظͷԴˡ
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ҶЦָѾͷ˵ȡҵػ治ӦþȴҲ֣˭֪ǼٻԣԣһãסᣬԿϵĿ¾Լˡ
ѩʧȷ绹ʵ
ҶûȷǷǳ϶ҸղЩɳǿߵΧֱϵĲ֧ҲװģпܣҳȣֻܹԼ̫ôŮʹҾüʹĸԸ
⻰ȴԲԣǹ˵ĳġ
һᣬҶüΪʲôͻɳˣƬɳĮдأ
ѩҡͷʾ֪
Ҷ§ͷɳǹұеľĸоջˮ¾⼶ĶңҪô죬ǳû֮·ɱң
ѩҡͷͬǲҪĵģΨһѡȷΪϿףΪˡ
ҶȻͣͷǵӰͷС簡ͷǣǺ˼ƴǣȴҪСүˡ
Ǻǣô±Сôع޵ŮԾڲݵϣȴǴ˷ƮҶĶУʱѹǶ죬޹ǹˡ
ҶµĶأЦ㣬ǲĶº֣ģҲĳݶ֮ˣСӾһͲˡһ䣬Ҷ
ڵػһеİȴǼӶ赲Ҷ±˻
Ҷ·صһ˲䣬ͻȻһư䣬ɣƮҶҶǰЦ֪ĻӦڷֲ֮ʱôԶôԶɾҪĪˡ


970 аͯ
Ҷʼܴһۣ΢ЦҵнҺĪı죬ղ֮ԲߣΪͻȻطŹ졣
ҶĻҲд⣬ʱҶӦò˵Ц˵Ծǿ϶ǲĳΣա
ȷʵЩԾкڰϢѩ۾һ˵ΪһǿߣԸϢĲǷǳеġ
ЩԼŵ°ɡҶ꣬һ紵ɳɢɽ£һʧ֮ǵѾɼˣһΰĳУǲȱĸߴǽͶѿ֮ǰжôõ
һĻ˶΢΢һʱ¸˶Թ˹ȥԽҶеΣоԽǿƬضģһж﷢ë
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ͻȻһ紵ջյͻȻѹֵ˺ѣʱ֪ܲʱʼðḷ́һⷽرˡ
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Ҷһ㶣ѵ˵ڰԪصԲӰ죬ҶɻȻһЦڱ˵ǵħ˵á
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һʱ֮䣬ֱֱǸֲĺɫѷ׹ȥ
ҪúˡҶһǲƴ߶˼ޣ˾ƾʧڰ֮УһɲǼǺɫѷ֮Уֽ׹ѩץס˳ȥ
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Ҷû£ʱп಻ѣƴƮƮµ䣬ۿɫѷڿٺϣļ٣϶ϵĻ˵Ҫȥˡ
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Ҷһϲץס籣ҪܳȥʱھһʹһͣС¶Ƿݽ˿ҶǺԩ
ҪǲǰѾͷԼһѣСүʵӡ˴룬˿ôֹɵһͣʧȥĻᣬѷϢغˣʱʧҶȫһƬڰ֮У׹ȥ
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ƬؿռҶҲ֪׹˶ãԺù˺ܾãʱǰ˰ĹâϸһȻһƬ֮С
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Ҷɸе𺳣ѾˣɲΪʲôɢϢϢʵ˲˼顣
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Ҷһ౦ϵĽ˫ͫ͵һȻϽϸܵ겨΢΢һ£½񾭣ԳԼӦǽŹͷˣֻϣô֮
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ں˵Ҷһɿ˼飬ͼеͷ类ɳ幥ƻ¹Ҳһ󲿷ִݻ٣ֻйһСֱ
һСУȴǱһ˵Ӧˣ˾ȴǣϽܹ֮ȴӦеǾйϵ
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쵰ģôϽӳȥоƬռҶ̽콣֮ϣȻһӣһһռ֮ڡ
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˭֪⻰ǾϽ׵˫кâһͻȻ˿Ҷɻ䡣
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Ҷ̲סһֱڿ߻սԻ㻹ţ
ֻ˸¸¹ЦǻţȴɾΪ˵ȺԵҲֻÿ֧ȥЦǴӿռڵһߴġ
ҶӦ̶ЦʱֻǵռʯںȻ漣򿪣һСɣܾ£ҲǻֳԿռл˳
һַĽɵģǳ㣬ǳɣȴŸͯӰ٪ϥֳϣƲȡ
۾ֽƻֶ񶾣˷飬ɽʱ־ɫʱȴƫƫ¶һ˿ƤĹâǸĺӡ
ɵҶʱͱ񣬿һֻ˶ɵĶǣʱȴƫƫ¶һ˿۵΢Цìܵı飬Ҷɲѡ


971 
˸Ҷĸо֪Ҫɱʱ̲סҪҪͬҶһƼҲȻסΣԸӽ硣
ֻȻ¹ػߣҲΨһҴЩѾҪˣ㷽ҲˣѾһĹҲ߳ȥˣ
Ҷɫ˵ʲô
٪嵭ɨҶһ۵ΨһûбɳռʥأΪ˲ǹƻѽеĳ·ȫĪ˵㣬Ҳȥˡ
Ҷ֮£ϽȥƣͣסΪ֪˼Ȼ˵⻰;ƭ˵ģһתȴЦ潫еĳ·ȫˣ
٪
ҶЦôԼ治ȥô
٪һֻǷϻ
ҶЦ˵Ļ˭ţҪСүҲ԰зأΪʲôԼҪأ
٪嵭ֻҲˡ
ҶȣЦ⻰ţСүҪǲ治ˣҶͻȻһȻ٪ȥ
˭֪ʱ٪ǰ׳ϺȻʮâҶ˹ڰ֮£ֻʮ㺮âڹ⣬Ȼž綾ҶȻ嶾Ҳ׳ԡ
뵽ҶЦһӾһתڿ⣬Щâٴ٪ץȥ
˭֪٪µ˫ֳͻȻһתֱֱ˰ɣҶ׷ŵӰͻȻһлҪ˵
⻰ҶӿЦ㲻˵Լˣôˣ
٪ɫ䣬粻һ󣬲Ŵ˫֣ȻˣֻҪϷ뿪ԸѶѵıϤ㡣
Ҷҡͷֲ֮մ޹ѪңҲҪһ£¸㣬СүͿҲǻɳˣֻǲףΪʲôŪӡ
⻰٪ʱɫԹŭΪعִŰ壬ѵЩǧǧĻɳԴ㻹˼źá
ҶЦ˵úãǲȰˣ̰֮ͽܷߵסСү̵ζ׳֮⣬ͼʲôĶ
٪̰η֮飬չ֪ͽȻ裬زܻ׽Σ˱֮⣬һ鱨ֻҪΪֵ뿪
ҶȻʧЦչʱ䣬ԻָǾϽڵҿ϶ǰ׷Ļ㻹ûңΪʲôΪʲôģˡ
չ鼱ᣬΪʲôҪΪʲôΪģǲҪҪĵһϢǹǸ磬ǸҲͬһٲ֮ء
Ҷһ֪Ǹ磿
չ֪ҲǺߣǷͬʽס
Ҷ˫ĿâչظֻҪֵŷߣԸƭ㡣
Ҷа̾һʱ治֪ǷӦĻһٹӲдǾϽ׻ָʵҶɾΣˡ
ҶһԲضչ飬ðκ󣬲ŵǻɳһĺηôȻ̰թСүǲϵġ
չ¶һ˿̵Ŀɬ飬ѹд뷨ǰ˸չΪ̸Լ͵һţס֣˵仰
ҶԥƬ̣ûжɱ֣Բɹ֮ƣϷһʲô
ʶ£ǾϽײûȡĲλһʱĻɳˣȻ˥˼ʮ㣬¶ƣ̬ЦʲܷϽڵʱȻǸԶ޷ĵ˵ľɥɲǼǧͷӹȻһѹʵǻɳĴ֮һΪռ磬һ˾Ͳ֪ɱеԼѪȣأȻңŽ⴦ռӡˡ
ҶӵͲΪ
չͷѹֻ㳰ʵУкȻһɱѹ˶ĳ嶯Ϳ룬ȥһԸʼһ±ƭҿȽǾϽ֮Զɢȥųɹֻ㽫޺֮ǣɼʱԮǵǸ磬ȻΪУȡ˾֡
չһˣ͸һַζ˵ݣʹȫûĳ⡣
˿̵ͬһ֪ĺü˵һ㡣
ҶȴìܵҪ
һǻĴ֮һΪչһζҶΪԼС룬¾ģİһ
Ϊ½÷⽻أ
ѡΪѣȻչһۣȴĬȻת˼ϵ
չƽصΪֵõĻֻ򷢾вʵʱȡ˼ȲԹޡ
ҶȵĲҲ˵Ǽ٣ȡ֮𣡡
չЦǱ㵱ǰһοˣԹ˵չԹ֮бɽģǰǴͣһͬ˷Ī֮ʡ䲻ֵͬܣȻͻɱ֣ұ֮ʣȴƫƫһִһҵ˲Щ׵ķԽٿ硭
ʱҶƮ½ǰǸ˺ӿԵζչˣû߿࣬˵¹Ǹ°ɡ
ҶĻչӻлָƬ̣һѹҲȥϸ˵֮ҲضıӻҺʲôȱǲȱʱ䣬ħ£
Ҷһֱ⣬Ȼĺ⣬ΪչԻپųɹҪԼܱ뿪ԱܿкгԹ˵׷ѡ
ٻɳλ㲻ϷŹ
һᣬҶֻħ磬ȴδʲôħ磬ħ֮һ԰ɣ
չͷħ类Ϊħ֮ףħħ˸ˣħΪħϵı䣬һʵɲ⡣
ҶȻǻɳҲħ֮һ
չЦħˣħ糶ϹϵҶɫæȻħ֮һȴħ˺֮ǣǵΪһͳħ磬ޱߵɱ¾ʵǻɳ֮Ϊ磬̶ܴϣħƵģΪħĿƣͱѰ֮ȴϵĹףȻǻɳǿ߷ͥ񡣵ħıȣʹǻɳ˵гߺޣƫֻܰѳԹйڱĵطȴǡɳй˵طѹȥһجΡ
Ҷ״ζԻɳͬģʵħħʵﵽʲô磿
չ˫Ŀ޵Ļ棬֪µİħҲ񾳽ľǿߣ˵ħ𷢹֮ʣҲηɼ֣ҽǿдͣ
ҶʧҲηǳ޷ޱߵĴڣ
չϿգǻڹȥУħ綼ǴҾ棬ħпռͨԲ㹥ңҴ㡣ʱħӦ˶˼͵Ϊͻ߾ħ졢ħ꺣ħˮģħ졢ħ꺣֮һ㶼ˣԣΪħ֮ڼ䣬绹ܱ̫ƽ
Ҷһںô˵ħ֮ңħˮģΪʲôҪôʲôô
չ¶ȿ־ֱмɫޡһˮаˣȫƾϲãһͳħ֮󣬻⣬ĴѰҿռͨ磬ͨҵģ֮븺Ρ磬㻹ҵһΪ½ĿռͨǴ½ģˮ֮û½ǷǸǿߣ֮ħǿҲٲ˶٣һֱڵȴʱ
ҶȻд£Ϊħ֮һʵҲΪʲôҪΪȥ߸һ磿ٵ£ʲô洦
չҧгݵ˵ˮаˣΪ˱ǾͷԹнħн׵֮˶нħ鹬ֻҪвӣǵ˿Ѫ
Ҷоŵû뵽˵еħ𣬾Ȼ˲һ
չݺݵħĲ޵˵뱾йأħ꣬ҲԲײС
ҶͷƤħʲôĹ
չ̾ħ֮ΪĹרųȡߵ꣬˵ˮ֮Ҫ磬ϣܻøħԴ
ҶĿɿڴǾȻ֪Ҫ˵Ϊħ粻ȫһٰȴҪħˮ֮УһҪ壬ǵòʧ
չӵħ˶ԣ߹˾Ӿ£ǳǳ˱ΪϷʶ׷ΪĿģֶΣκξ·ˮħȻףҪ˷ȴҲǿܵġ
Ҷ̾ħΪħּ֮תͷչ飬ȴǲΪʲôֱħ˲ͬˣ
չȻǰΪҳħ紫ͳ޹£һֻȻûоʲô֮ε飬ֵܼķĿȴʹͻȻ飬ʹھǶǡ
Ҷ˵ͷͻȻݵħħ磬硣
ֱѯʹ½£ȴչĴħ˲ΪչôΪ鱨ֵԻ
֪䣬˵˼ʱչϿգѸħɳ硢ħ磬ħ硢ħڽħ磬ÿ֮Ϊ񾳽Ĵڡħ磬֮ӲķУȻû˸ǣΨһˮģȺ͵ѧ繦֮¼ʹ֮ͬʱ֣δƷԣֽ۶κβ
Ҷչ˺֪޲ԣ޲ʼϴĸĳ⣬ҲеΪİΣģʣȴҲԶæħ˵ʮʥʥŮǺˮʲôϵ
չϸ˵ʥʥŮħˣħĹϵˮĶ˶٣¾İνʥӡʥŮʵˮĹ¶żȻе֪֮Իɻ¶ʵҲˮһֵġΪЩΪͽʱ¶־ɱЩ˵ĸĸֵã֮ΪԵЩԶҲ֪Լġ
Ҷݵԭˣ⵹ǸĺϢа硢ҹƵ֪ǿеħǲĳУ֪ǻʲô
һֱǶŪҹ˷ݣħȴΪĴʥĹӣԭһжǼٵģֻΡ
չˮ˽ЩʥӡʥǲģͼȽǵ֣Ǹĸ֪鲢еǰףЩʥӡʥŮ뵽Щ֮Сڸ˵һЩ֯УһЩƿߣпܾħĳλʥʥŮһħǵ磬°빦ЧȴͬˣֻҪ㽫ЩʥӡʥŮʵǱˣʱˮ͵ʴʰҪԸ³֮⣬֪֮ҲźԴű۾תףڹǽڼž졣
Ҷ״μɢħطȻ֪Ӧֹ
չˮһ½ħҾֶʱݳĿƣʱ˻ȻлĳЩҶ׵ԭұԸЩ¸㡣ǰɳȴң˵ҲֶԸǣ͸¶ҵ˶УҲϿʰǣ˵ˮľͻȫ쿴㣬ȴܶԸˮĵΨһѡָоԼҲ˵壬ɲҪΪʲô˶ãˮľͻħ磬Ƶ½˫֮Ը½˵ްѪɫס


972 
Ҷ֮ģаԵɱĴ˫֣һϸɢǷʵһֹɢħ֮£ͻȻȻħ˸֪ıʱǶǰ£üֹ
չ룬ѪɫȻˮĶΨһĶݣ֮ʣҵļˣھȻü˵вңٲǷֺ
ٴһŽҶҪ֪һ֮ǰħǱͨĿռͨԶû½ȶԼϣһʱпܣȥǰͷΪǵ绯˽١
Ҷʱɾȥſ˫ֵ㾿ʲôδ֮Ը
չЦȷǸ֪ɢֻǿٻһأԸֻܿԼȥɣ˵򵥵˵һŮһӣξҪ׿һУȥĸһ棬ҲҴ䣬Ψһġ
Ҷôڵڴ֮ǰ˸ɱ˲գ۵Ļɳ˾̵Ů֮飬ʵǴţȴֲɵš
ҶƬ̧̣ͷ̨ϵˮײĿ˹ȥʵǹײװǰô
չ̹Ȼδ
Ҷʧʲô
չѹǾʬֻǼʵһܷˮֻгߣȴʢ֪ʲôҺҲҰ򿪣ĶԵһ档
Ҷ˫Ŀ⣬Ҫչ鿴ͨ͸üǻɳΪ˽ƴɱΨһˮףûа𣿡
չȻЦûС
ҶǼȲŪĶ
չĵҸطˣʲôõ顣
Ҷ棬뿴Щʲô
չȻ̾һСһ㣬ˮ׷ɢһصܻӰ쵽񣬵ʱʲô⣬ɱû㡣
Ҷ벻̹ףΣɫøУҲ̹ϴģ֪ⶫЩΣգΪֵðһԣΪΪʳ̸Ļ
԰գҶǰһ׸ǾʬƳ·ȻһˮҶ΢΢üͷ콣Уɾʱˮâٿ֣ͻȻҶڹİɫڡ
ˮ֮һȭͷĻƾ壬ЩƼᣬ͸ڲϼѪɫɢŵĻƹ⡣
Щչȵâһ˲˲ĶЩˮ塣
ҶȻ˵Ѩ㶯ֹг˺Ȼ֮ɫ
չͦЦСӵ׻мҪȡ㣬ô˵ôܣչʱͻȻѣһãһǹһһ£ȡҶźСҪ˵͵ǰްף㡣
Ҷȴһ֪аĿɿڴֱЩ֮ˮ塣
Ϊȫһ⾰ˮڵˮʱûʲôĸоǵЩˮҺʱͻȻеһɳɽ溮ޱȣа켫콣̾˰ӿ
ɺ뾭϶Ҫȫұѣòзϣ˲֪չĹƣѹô󷽵װϽħ˵Լԭȫһˡ
ɶǣһֻ˵ħ£ȴһֲᣬĿľҪԼĺģһµУӴˮףҪ⧲£ʧȥ֮
ʱҶȫȫڶԿǾ崫ϣѳʧȥԼ
ֻչǹϮҶӲһǹ飡΢΢ҡһϣȴ˴Ѫ
ҶȻû˻չЦһֳǹâ磬ٴκݺݴҶֻ飡һչһǹҶͷϡ
ҶûӦǹͷѣûͷѪԭͷγһ֣ȥչ鹦һǹͳ˿˿֮ݺƿչĻ֣ȥ
˵ΪëԳУҶôͷƵУչΪɳһ죬ʶ㣬δͼ
ɢ£չֱ۶ƣʹʱĵˣʮಽšˡһһƨϣӡ
չ麧Ȼ֮£ϺصףȻƳҶһۣվԭûƵҶԣЦһЦһȭĶҶؿںȥ
ʱҶֻоˮкԼѣзƿʱըȫëֱᣬ۶ڱס˵ѹҪ
ΨüĴӡڵѨһʹ±ɷӣһҧ̣ǿ߻ħвһȴᵼڵʹǲҡ
Ҫȫã콣ջв
ʱؾ
еչȭԼֱƫǺӦķ
ʼʱܿƺھߵٶȣϣԱкڻᣬȡΪã֪ˮĪȡʱͻȻԱ񳱼ӿڣɺƵ񴳵ĺĹ֧飬ɾ
κһܲסѹʱ͵߻ħصĽ׶ΣĽӣչȭ
ȭϮ֮ʣҶԼʺȻ𣬻ҡȴûԼ۹
Ǻչ鴫һƺߡ
űǡۣۣۣصĺԶȥ֪չӲǱĵ˿
ΪȭɲǣҶһɣҪ߻ħ֮Ȼҵй㣬ȱ̵ĺˮ㣬ȫչһȭй˳ȥ
չһƺҶȻû֮Σȫ鵴ܵòϡ
ʱĸҵæǿԼվŲԷչϮ֪չƵһ㣬ͻȻǰ
ɵҶϵɫ˫ĿһתһЦҶԣɫܵزأҪҪȴ£
Ҷȫëֱ̬һ˷ܡ̺ͱ̬ζڰʾȤµֶͨ죬Ҳܲˡ
ҺҶҲɫչǰϮɱҶܵҲصˣֻȬ߳ɣҶһƴĻᶼǷȱ
ĿٻͼԾаϣǾ
뵽Ҷתɫõӭ϶ԷĿ⣬ȻʧЦղ̸ǻûˣ׽һ¡
չĿ¶ɹ⣬µĴƵҶʱĵ˵ЩŵɣٽһУҾһ
Ҷ⻰˵˰ɣ㾹Ȼ˵ˣǾֻˣãֻҪܽһ̧ҽͷһԶɡ
⻰չһһаĿ׹㵱滹ʵң
ҶһЦЦС͵ˣҲھȡĹүûʱ壬ûˡ԰գȻһ˼մ
չЦݾȥͳһһŵĴ
ԭҪ֣ȴҶ֪Ⱦһƣһ⵲Ϯȵúϲ£
ҶȴһѪڣѪʼ֪˱Լиأ·ûʲôҪչֵа֣УҪе¡
չ˴мңʱߣȻԭܵ˱лأѹ˸ȴ֣Ȼ޹⣬Ҷۡ
Ҷǿѹ·ڵѪӵ˴˱˴ˣֻ֪ټϣǰΪȡңǺɢȥ˴󲿷ֹƴһ˱ŷ˭ȥ
չҪ֣ҶֹһЦư벽Ƶĳطվչֹסеľ棬ȻʲôôܴҵĹƣ
Ҷ֪͹˼ɣƲܰ쵽ļޣıλãռϷ磬ǰ¶һ֣ͬԷðԴ㲻мĿչ֣Ǿҳְɡ
ٿǰֺţֻĴָչȥ˫˰ףչ˹ȥ
չ״ɫ˫Ŀһ˲˲ĶҶҶֱֱʱʱɫ䡣
ҶĹĪԷԾԭ֮ɫ䣬Ҷڵı֣˵ˣΨһĽװģԼʧȥĺ󣬲ȫֶԸԼ
뷨ʹһ¹ԷҪԼԼ֮£һʰЩͷʯӹԼʣʹΪȷѡ
ֻչֽһѸȵĳɷɲǼûһռ֮
Ҷȴֲ֧סСѪȻϥ£૵Һýǻ쵰ˣҪȻδˣͻһЦ֮Ц֮Уռչһ˽
Ҷɫұ䣬ֻչЦȻǧǣһʧǧ㣬ȴδʯ֮еһһⶼɿġЦٴˣ㻹ʲô˵
Ҷ̾ϢһĿ
չһ˹ЦΪУ˵ĵĺܣ²òȡֱۣˡ˵һ䣬ߵҶǰЦơ
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仯Ǵ֮⣬չƬ֮ŭĿɿڴ˵
ҶվֿסչѨĳ΢΢Цһδ뵽ɣ
չ֮ϣһӿ֣̲ס⡭⾿ô£ȻʵסңΪλҪϷŪҡ
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չ˰Σ̾ϢһչĽɫϣҲ㲻ԩҪ˿ֻ˵ɡ
ҶɨʯһۣЦ˾ෳȽ´ңٽǾϽʿоƬ£ţˣǾɫоƬҲһºˣ±ضм
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Ҷ˹ȥϸ˿׸ߵؿڰȥطûʲô𺦣̫أӦ޸Ŀԡ
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뵽ҶǽϽֻ׵֮Դ֮ǰҶڳǱеõԴ飬ʱҶһţ׻ҶҪ÷磬Ҫˡ
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Ҷסɽڵλú󣬾ЮչɽһƬɳڣҶչɳϡ
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ҶȻ̾˿ôķݶϣҪߣȻ㣬ȴмȥ죬ֲǿ㣬˵Ӧôźã
չһתæ£㾡ܷԸϵɽ»𺣣ҲΪɵģ
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ҹȻ˵լɱ¾ҶɫһҹСɷ˵øЩֻҹģôˣҶҲٲҪִ߻ˡ


974 ټ
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ˣýżһ˳ʱ糵׹һһɫ˴У漴һ֮󣬻ΪһŰâƿշȥ
糵Ϊרŵķзʹ֮࣬ҲԶƽǿ߿ɱȣ治֪һǴŪģתۼͶݳʥֱʼȥ


975 
Ҷ龰ͻȻڵұչڼ䣬СãҪչҿɲغʲôϢ
İɣҪѾͷ˸ë֡һЦЦ
ǺǣѾͷ̫棬ûߣʵڷĲڡҶΪ⣬Ц˵ɱ̫ˣҪΪ񾳽磬Ϳɺ޼ɡ
ˣٺһЦһߣ糵ٶֵһأҶɫУת˲ݳ˰֮ԶûΪһС㣬ʧ֮ߡ
һʱһ޷֮ϡ
˴ɽӯɽˮ㣬һõ֮أҶûͣ棬ǳɽڲ˽ȥݳɵľ󣬺Ȼݹһٺһ´ɽʯжݳ·һյʯ֮ڡ
ҶȻһæʶ̽ȥʶŸһʯңͱһֹŹֵ˳޷ֺ
ҶһĿʯ΢΢һɨһĲ죬ɽʯңôһ䣬ûмͨŻҳмһʯ̨⣬˵һζûУӿյ֮һֱĸо
Ҷϸط֣Щʯҵıڴֲ֮ͨʿƽ룬񱻾޸һһµնһ͹ƽ֮
ЩϸһĿҶɫ
ƺǿҶɻͻȻЦ˵ϴȻﲻ⣬βһµʯڣнˡ
Ҷ⻰һȴЩ棬ղʶ̽һûʲô֡ͨʯûʲôӣȻչأ˴Ӧòô򵥡
ֵʯȥһûʲôһָһɫâָ⴦
Ҷ־һ̣㵵龰ˡ
âɫʯϷһžײ󣬾赲δʯ˿ۼ
ҶﲻȻͬʱмֲа
ȻһᣬâȻгݺݵǽһնһֻдǳףʯ֮ϣϾĻָƬ̺ʧӰ١
ʲôôԶ޸ѵʩչʲôҶһһ𾪵Ťͷʵ
ҿûʩչǻýʯǳһϣκ֮Ч΢Цչأ֤κ˵ʶҲܷ㣡
ܸʶ֮үҲªˣɻδ˵ֲϡҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ת뿪ʯڣصԭλú󣬻˵
ٺ٣ʵҲ֪ⶫҲǴӱģֻҪ÷ͳˣֶֹƾʱҲǷǳټĶ֪ˣҲûмˡΪĽ
ģҶ⻰е죬뿪˵ʲôʱȴٺһЦ˵ϴģЩˣǲ񣬸¶ҳǷֶġ
Ҷ⻰һֹŹ֮ɫɲԼﵽ񾳽磬ΪûƵ㣬ͺΪ
ҵȻ֪ϴ·캦£ǲȥġĵһŵˣϴﰲıչذɣȻʥˣ԰գһˡ
һҶüıӰһۣ΢΢ЩЦԼû˵ҪôȻˡ
ʯһúҶڤȡء
ڤ棬Ҷư벽棬񾳽磬ҲΪʲôڤ󣬾͸ı֮ǰ⣬Ҫչصԭ
ΪרΪԺʮңħĵƣû񾳽֮ǰ;߳Ұ벽һУңأҲˡ
Ҷͳһƿҩһź󣬾ͻ˫Ŀҵ֮УȾ״̬ڤ棬ҪȻΪɣɣǿɾСʧˡ
Ժʱ䣬Ҷÿϵһ⣬ͽȫ˼ϣʱһҶȻֻҪһеڵˣһŵҩ£Ȼ
һʱȻķɿ죡
һյĿҶһҪڤ棬񾳽ǿ֮£֪Ĺȥˡ
һɽк޶
һ¹ȥˣҶǽղ
¡
ʱţ
һĳһգҶɽϿգȻѹ裬ɫͬʱ˿˿ȫҶʯо˹ȥγۿɼС
øߣǾģǾסģ׷פǰ߳ĵطɫȵȥ
񾳽磡˽񾳽ˣ
ߴһĻ૵ϵ죬ḻ֮
ʼɵģãȻģ¶Ľ֮񡭡
ͬʱʥеڶϵߣȻûпɫ󣬵ɽ쳣ӲǿʶӦģ
ǳҶڵķһۺвɫģ˷ܵģüͷġ
ɽ֮У֮ϣֻӰһһͷɢݵˣ˳ʱϹ˸ϳ˴ߣɫҲ˷֮
ٺ٣񾳽磬ڿ񾳽ˣҶȻ״ЦЦУ¶Х֮
ҶǰٺٴЦϲˣϴǲӦȥʮˣ
Ҷû˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ʱϲһӣʮӰͻȻƿնָЩͻȻֵ˵Щѵʿǿߣ֣¿ɸˣ
ҶЩ˿һۣҲһ˿Ȼû뵽Ȼôڵ£⵹û뵽顣
ʱ۾һЩ̧ŵĽȥڵ˭
ȻϴıӣһҿǺСĵĻһͷҪˣ˫ֳ죬˸һ˲õĲ¡
ˣ˵˵½ʲô·Ҷһ߳ȥһߵʵ
ͷʲô·ҶʮңǼҳʱȻ֪ħҪֵϢˣûŪҶʵĿģȻħڻû֣ǳҶϡ
ھħ֣ҶҲ֮ǰʮҵ鴦꣬ȻԺ½£һᣬŵԶ翪ںˣ
۾һã翪ʼ֣
ҶɨһۣͻȻ֣ǷսҪһʮ˶ϣ
սɻʲô˼ʲôô
Ȼ𣬲һȥˣȴѰطţȺҵϢ۹֮Ҷ˰Σ૵桭ۡʥ桭
ļͻȻȥƷɵüգۼȥԶ֮һڳĲӰÿӰ֮䣬Ⱦ룬óҲ׼ȷ
ԳʹûǸǸ˸ǣųƴ½֮һȻ½֮ƣиɽ֮У۹ڣǧ
ƻʱͻһӰԶʶһѩ³ۣü΢Ʈڰ֮Уֳ콣۹ǰȽĴѽա
ҶȴĩƼһ߹ȥͻȻһֻۣһȾĴţȴѶ˸εƶһ塰ġ£Ҷٲ̤ľ壬ɫ˿仯űֽɣκ˶ɴ߹Ƶġ
ڵ˴˵ȴֳֵΧ£ҶǸδһ߹ȥһֻ
׼ȷȴ˵ϣ˿ɫ䣬ʵĹâӳ˰ӣƮɢĳǱɫĿ⣬䡣
ػֻ俩죬ȴҲͻȻһת㱼ߣЩ˾ߣɽƽվ㽫Ѫɱҳ㷹񾹱˺תӣǴδ֮¡
ͻһȣʲô˾ţӣ˶ġˡֱ죬һۣͷ׷ˣһ̤ɫʥ桭㣬ǡǡ
׷üŭˣһ˾ͽǺĿƼҶʱҲһ±ȭ˭к⣿仰˵ø棬˶ģԼҶʾ֮⡣
֪Ҷȴûһ߹ֱߵǰεĻʥ㣿
ȰȻλʥҵꡣ
ҶЦһã֣
һĳкγԹ
ҶûУ
ֵزʶ޳ԹΪҪ֣
Ҷһۣɨ۹һۣŵֻܹ۹ˣ
һĪֻҪˣҪֲɣ
ҶͻȻһ˿Цݣʮսһһ½£һֱԸ⻰Ǻǹ죬ټҶЦݣ˾Է顣
ֻһĵȴЦһ֮ˣʮս㡭ĪЦô
Ҷݣ˿飬ƺ֪ô˵ͻͷأЦҲЦҶһֵһᣬ֣
껷һۣ۹Ѹ˫۾ƣ֪ǷǶֲɵˣ˫һãһצڹɫצͳС
һɱ֪֪жǿɥצץ֮£˿ƴ˫ӲıУָ⾹΢΢ǿӦ֮
ǰˣĵӿη壬񣬰һø֮ͽ˫צཻһצ£צϣóצӰһצѣһҪѪ飬Һ֣
Ҷȳֻ֣ǸһչֵĻᣬôϻ
ɫһ䣬һ˿ȵȥɣʽͻȻһ䣬צȣצں˫צƽֵأεգý֮βһ
α仯Ҷֻ׿ԭأ˿ǵ콣δ֣Ҳ£ڤ״̬
βҶʮȦѲ֪жٴҪ֣Ҷ飬õһоӲǲһ
ɫӳҶӰƮޱȣ粻ϣ֮ϣѲ飬Թ֮ƵĿɿڴһļԾǻ
Ȼ䣬ֻһХͻȻڿնһצΪڹ⣬գ鶯һʽǧóǧצӰҶ֮ץ
צƣΧһнս޲ʤƲɵȲʣ֪ɲ֮䣬ͻһһϼ֡
һתԶ߳ߣֱȥ˫Ѳذʯ֮УҶֱɫ䣬ֻ콣Ȼ֣бָ꣬ȴһεѪԽ⻺䣬Ѫڵϡ
ͻȻҹɫУ˫ŭ͹һѪۣԺţƫУǡ룬⼸һ磬ֱ࣬˿̱Ҷ֣ҲѾȵû
۹ۼʥڶԷһ֮±ɥ˫۾һ˿һγֵģ֮£˾Ҳ֪˰ΣֻҶ⻺£һѪ콣߽һˮ
Ҷ滹ҪĿ⣬ɨһۣĿм֮⣬˵ʶ࣬òҪ֣תӣ۹ڲȥ
ͻһȵɱɱˣԲ۹ԺһʥȻ£ȴΪ֮ݵҶģ߽۹ֻǺԲЩŲҲЩ
ĸΪǿϴҲһ׷ȥһɱۺȺˣȭǰңûͷûԵҶȥ
⼸˶ʥ֣ȭȥҲӣ֪ҶͷҲأ콣ֻ㽣˼һҺһ
֮¶һѪֱۣСţûҶȺ󣬵ޱȣһѻΪ彣˾ͬʱˣͬʱҺֻһȻȻҧ׷
ֻҶǲţÿһαͻȻʮ֣֮һѪ㼣䣬ֻĵɥ˫ϥﻹ׷
ҶͷҲأһֱߵ۵޹ʶһţûü˵ۻʶ籩УȻһֽѪĴͷдԲ֮ҹۣ֮Ѫ£
һۣаҪѾͷϣƾϵΪʮˣ
۹߳￪⣬򱱷˼ۣ૵³壬磬³ʸң³ߣ׻塭ʮģްµ۹ˣÿһһ磬뽫
һҹŷ¶ͻȻӭǲҲΪһ´֮䣬ʾ
ʮգްµ۹۹֮Уɫԣĩ꣬ŶݷķгߵһΪĹǰ
Ŷÿһǿߣѳţ˽ȥֻһĹ˳˿룬òʮˣԲڹ֮С
һˣ̹׷׳׿ʥ棬ǶǴҶʥԣսϣˡ
ˮתһӣ˹˹ţɨ˹ڵϵľһۣŵȻˣǿ֪
⻰ˣʮ֮ͨˣδΪ
˱˫֣ڹл˼Ȧ쳤̾ʮ½Ȼھռһ˾Ŵʥ棬¾ŵѪսţ׼˭ţ˭ţ
ްµ۹ʥ棬ǻʥ壬רŴʥһλǿߣԸҶģÿҶмλǿⶼҶ֪顣
ǰѸ֮ƣ˾ŴңЩʥصϹֶϲأһʱأԲܳӭսλȴڱչ͸ȴҶ£òһܡ
ɵ׷ڿڶҶ䵱˵Ҷ֮Į֮죬֮ʱҲ΢΢üͷ
۹Ҷ˵仰⣬˽ֻ˵Ƿĳĳ֡⼸ۣ뵽ЩɫԽǳأʵǿߣһһѵҲǸǿߣ
ʱػڹƼͷҶһͷһ˸ɫٻͷҶǰĿһɨѽ֮һ飬ȥްµ۹Ļ
ЩûҶ֣ҶΪֻֻ֮ͽ²ҵȺΧ֮Īǻ
Щ˶ͬ˼뷨Զһۣһϼ˼ܼôδˣֻǺॡ죬а˸ʥڵǿѰγ˳


976 
˷ǵνѸ뻮һâǽһǿУһְνΪҲ֮ģ
ҶĿȴ¶м֮ɫͻȻ˼ֻһսӽս˲ɣȵ˸ʥǿ߶ȥʱеķѷ׷ױˡ
㶼ӿ˿˿͵͵Ҷһۣûһ˲Ű˿æ룬аһƽ˵ɫ֪ҶˣȻһ䣬ôôһҲûӦ
ոһ˵ˣҾ棬
ʲôµģüͷһ壬
˷ŭ˴˸æҵȽһ֣
ʲôǽˣ˫ü壬кȻ˴򶷣ôҲӦôҲӦѵ˵ΪѸߴľ磡
뵽˼ۣȻĿͻȻ˲˲עͻȻſڵҶȻôסˣҶǰ۾ʵڲţǰиˡ
ΪҶĸоһˮӰû˿ã˲ʵĸо
Ϻأֺǳ鴤ͷ־壬ѣƾ΢΢һǿԽԽ֣̲סʥҪȽ˴ˣ
ɫһŭҪô
ǿߵ˵俴Ҷû˿֮⣬ΪҶڷ
ȴ˵ǲм㶯֣˿ڣǿߴͷ˵ȴǲ
˵ҶһۣŽĿɨǿ̾ްµ۹ô꣬飬ȥҪ˶뿪
ŵˡ
ŭҪɱǣ˭סھȻмɱǣǾ͸Ͻ뿪ʥķҲ³ţһ뻽ˡ
ЩȥҶԲԲվԭأֻǱ֮ɫԽԽŨأʱֻ˴󲽶ҶǰʱŲ΢٣ͻȻЦû뵽ʮһǵôµĵˣǺЦЦ
ЦУߵҶǰΪʮǰΪȻ֪ľ˾ˣΪްµ۹ʥ棬ӦҪȥеݹȻɱҲ㣡
Ҷ˹ͻȻһºιʶ񣿡
Ҷޱ飬ȻڴУʮһߣҲҸӿ϶ˣʥеߣǱ֮
ȻлְɣһΣֻǺһڿնס𽣼⣬룡һ롱ֳڣƬռɲʱΪš
ɾʱҶһһѪӰֱֱ˹ȥ϶΢΢һֽӹɻʲô˼
ҶһʣһƮԶƮѪģɱ˵ģЩһУֻΪʮֻһԲ֮ҹۣ֮㲻ҪȱϯҶӰѳײˡ
һѪҶҵˣҹһЩ飬ֱۣ֮
ۣ֮λڸɽֱ֮ƶǧɡ
ϾСڴһ㣬һߣɽ֮㡣
˿ϣƻ𣬾һλӢ˵һǰʯϴĿֻżɫۣû˿ֵ֮꣬طôһ·ˣ֪ǷǷ֮
ǰԼҶҹʱ֣ʮӰͻȻƿնҶһ񣬵ȥֻ顢½ʮҵ汲㲻ϸĿϢȴٵľ綷
ҲǰҶһˣЦЦλǰԴȴһλͷ̵İ׷ͷѵһսʮôͬ
æȥʱ֪ʮվ̸ЦһҶ
δ߽Ҷ۵á
Ц
ҶȻǡ
ȴǲţЦͬ
Ҷҡҡͷ
һߣôҳ
Ҷǲʱ˵أʮҵˣͽһˣ
²һشЦС쵰ǻɵˣȻĸһӭսʮҡһЦʮע⣬׷
Ҷϸһʮλ䲻ߣǿߣʮΪ˶ԸԼԳһλǿߣ⻹ʮˣǿߣЩУͿȥҶµģҲе꣬ͷ
ʮǿУҶֻʶˣһ˼ϴްµ۹ǸˣһˣϣΧɱԼǸ׷ͷ
ЩǿУ飬Ҳʶһˣʱ˵һͷ̵󣬿Ӧǻʸҵһλʥ档
ϵԼǻʸҵĵϵӵܣðȻԼļԣЩλȨص϶˿ӦòһζɣΪôҲ벻׷·µŵСӣڶ̶꣬ͷ
һᣬҶͻȻʮҵ˶ô
ŭĪһӢƥʮͬǿߣ
ҶЦЦĬ
ҶһǷ´ŭֵģս֮أ
˳ڵһҾʥ棬ϲתЦλʥ棬ǽʦڣʵˡ
һΪʱҶǰǸСӣԾ˵Ҷε˲ãȻûҶϣлôҶһЩǰһΡ
ͷ̵ǻʸҵʥ棬ҶҲûʲô£ܲ˵Ϸòײôˣˣ
ּ󱲰Լʥ˳
Щϼһﵽ񾳽磬Ϊ޵£ҹԴĿ£ʱްµ۹İȻʶҶȴû룺Ϊǳί浹Ҫΰڲˡ
һ˵ްµ۹˺֮⣬˼ͷ
ʱӵ˵ǰֵֻһˣʵλǰһ˿Խֵ֪ʮҵ
ǼλԼͬǿߵǸλʵҲġֻƾΪԼһ˾͹ˣֻǰһˡ
ֻ֪ҶΪţȻô˵ôſĻʱ룺ˣ˴ΰͰ͸ʵڹ˵ġ뿴ҶܣЩѷȥ
ͷϳܣ߽ҶҶһֱҲ˼Ŀƽӣ֪ΪŴأ
Ҷ岽վЦСһϴһΪ˲ٰɣҲ°ݣܵġѳԶҶԴ˿̲
˭֪ҶĿƽӣȴǿɾʱȻɫһ䣬üôҲˣ
Ҷɫ黹ΪҶͻȻЦ££֪Ľ׶٣ȴҲһͶ֣վɣһֵĻᡣ
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֪Ҷû˵ȴЦڼȻ˰֣ҲöΡ˼ҪҶǰҰܣڿ˵ϣֻȷһˣʵȴ֪֮һ֪Ҷɡ
ҶҲͬʣ̾ʮҵ£ԲԸǣȥκҲԸǣۣ㲻ֻһô
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ҶЩʲôˣ룺ϣԼʶ˿ɲ࣬˭Լ
һȺƿնУˮ̡ذѩѩЩˣʮ񣬾Ȼǿߡ
ҶƵİ룺Щô֪¡ԭҶʮҷս𣬴Ѵ£˲֪˲ˮ̡ذѩѩЩˣǺյϢ
Щ˶ҶнֻҪҶйص£ŵģıϵҶˣҲ˵ʲôܲ˼Һǰδ̫ͨ顣
ʱȴͻȻһһȥж˵Ѹݣڳˣ΢΢һۿҪҪС
ҶһۣһҲû⣬һҶ֣ԼҲᣬȻҶδգȴЦһһɨһǡ
ĿһǺɨֻ֮죬󣬾вִɨƲ죬ۺ
񾳽ΪܵסһɨһҽУгַɳűȻȥȥ;еȻⲻѪ鱻һмɨǣȥɫʱɷޱȣּˣɫĪ״
µһۣҪͬһڣɾûˣȴ֪ǰҶΪҪҶҲǾƲüͷġ
һסڳ֮ˣһʱʮǿߣȴһ˸֣ǹת˵λ˴ҴǣֻҪֻظҴû˵껰ǰ벻Ҫ֣
֪ʸҵλʥ濴˺߳ŭصôϻϣٵСӣɱЩˣΪ³ȻʮңпܻУ˵ĶôûʣȴЮͼˣԼ
еЩǿ߶ϸļ⻰һʱȺ鼤ߣ˷Ҷ˹
𶯣ҶɱĿͭ壬ȫһϺȣϵ׹죬ɼͣδԽ׳һ
λԩͷծҶҪҵĽʮҺҵˣұ鷳˻ˮĿЩǿһɨڵϣ£δ֮ǰһһ仰Ҫ㣬ʸᰡ̡ضڸУ
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ãҶĳԾڴˣҲ½磬ǴѣҲ۷֣׼ɣ
ÿСӣϷͲı¡ֵһ׵ƻóɵУףҿһ־ͽʮɵĹõƴ򷨣ȻһҲûҵ͹Ҷ
Ҷȴˣ̩ɽ˫ƽ٣ס콣ʱܾÿ֮ҽȻңǰһĽ
Ȼһ֣Ҷ˫ַֿ˳ջ콣
ȴһµַۣɳ㣬ֱ֮˺ѣѪ乣Ҷ֮ƣզࡣ
һɹ֮ǲһҶӰ˫з˵µƣ콣ⲿʽתµĲĨȥ
죡׼ݵʽ֮£һĻᶼûУһѪܵͷѹڵء
һУĵ£едڣҶһжûн졣
ڳ˶ôסˣȴǲҶΪͻȻߵŵĵزֻ²Ҷʲôͣвǳ˿뵽ҶֻǰСӣΪгѽ
гҶҲЦأҶ֪ҪȴҲ塣
߽Ҷһ̧֣Ӱס鱾밵ϮҶĿһ磬֪ϮŷҶס
Ҷ飬ǰ̡ʸᰡضںδ
ֻƣȫȴ÷ֺʱ֪ҶΪѵ뻯ĵز˭ҲȲԼˣȴСӣֻҪɱңԶҲҵǣ
⻰ҶкʢãĹҾͲ㲻˵˵ţһӣȣš
鱻ҶƳþٲˣֱǰȥ̧һţ˽¡
ҶڲɱԼ֪֮ŮĳװĵŮޣأһֻ˼ӹǲˣһʹ죡


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ˣʱֻˮ˹ʼʩװÿҲһİɣϷԴӺǵĸÿҹʣԼأ㣬ɱҰɣ
˭֪ȴ˶ˮԸţִϻޱȣҶҪùο飬ˮЦĿҶһۣ齿ЦҶ֣Ѱѽ
ҶЦһ׸ˮ̣ӵˮЦ㾹Ȼɱ㣬ҲϣʹϹһֻ۾ˣ˵ϣ͵һ̳鵱溧һû뵽ѾͷȻôݣһԴҪ̱
鷢һ˲Һһ˵ס֣ˮ̽;ֻһƼ絯ڽϣѳֲɿɺɣǾץΣֻ¾ͱƼ絯֮
ȥֻһλϵͷͷǿеһˣȥҲһλһΪǿУҲǶĸ֡
еȿòˣһȷʵҶҲľѣߵˮǰһվſ
ˮ侪ΪˣһָʤԼȴʾ֣ҲϲˣǿӲأ
˫Ŀһʮҵˣ˸ʮ֮ˣɵôۼҶⷽɱ˶ˣ̲סҪͷˣֻϺ֣
ˮ̻ǿӲţһָյˮ̴󺧣ָϮԼǰõУɣ¼æһãһʧ˷һϣЮֶ顣
ϲҶٿסҲſ
ȻΪߣҶ֣ȴҲСҶվأɱһλ棬һδأ
ҶЦһһ䣺ſ
Ϊ½ļ֮һһ򷢺ʩڱˣδĵй̣ʱټҶԼʩŭȵأ
Ҷ˾䣺ɵô
֪仰ѧԼȥŵƽԷ
ҶҲָһֻһҲһָҪȥƵ;УԷָѼʤԼðȻһƵȥġ
ΪߣǷḻ϶һƲܵضԷָ磬㼴Ʋһãһñʧ˷ҶһӶϣЮֶ顣
ɲǼı仯˵ȫ±˵ַ֪ҶѧԼ飬ȴ˿赲ˣǰһ裬ȴֻк˻ء
䵽ҶУԾתתȥԣԺģҧҧͻȻڵСӣ㻹벻Ѿͷ
һ⻰Ҷʱŭǣ
ֻ˫ģͻȻбӰЮһѻԵŮ䵽ЮŮӣ̣Ҷ󾪵콫˷ˣ
ʱаѱ֣ʱһ˻һˣȷ˵
Ҷݺݽ˳ȥҲʲô̶ȥ˼ҶϮҲ赲˱ߣ˵ֺҶɫʱò԰׵ôԲѡ
ʱЦɲҵ£ҵʱӣƾʲôӣҲǡ˵ͻȻЦֻλŮӣλŮô
Ҷû뵽ǾȻ涼Уæʸᰣضǣôˣ
˫ĵûôԼɡ
̣ٶһˣΪ飬ÿһЮһˣһλǻʸᰣһλض
˱Юźǻ˹ȥҶǰᲽסЦ㻹ҷô
Ҷףŭأ
鵥һ˵뽻콣¼
ҶмΪһƹʲôˣ
ȥʥץǣΪ˽պҪ콣¼Ȼڸ㣬Ƕɱɱȴˡ
Ҷ콣¼У˵õ콣¼Σ
Իˡ
Ҷôŷ
һﻻһˣܹƽĽסشҶ⣬ҡҡͷɫһ䣬ŭּۻô
Ҷ
ЦСӣԡ콣¼ҪЮߣٲţӾɱһʣɱһһҲҽô졣
㡭Ҷƣʱ쵰ʼһһʸضֻá콣¼һ˵½ʵǰ
һʶʱˣֽš콣¼ֽض˹Ҷֱסض֮ŵϺ󣬲һˣô죡
СӶ˵Ǵˣֻǡ¸һЦӵȴδ̫Щ涼Ʒأ½Сһ죬һ첻ð
ҶЦɿ佱˵Ҫôɡ
ǶˣΪӣҲܲҪСһ֮ģΪڲԺֻƾʵʵںء
˵ͻȻӵʸ࣬΢Цӵ뿴λСѩòһĲѣСһ޵ģ˿С˸̣ǿϧúܡ
Цö˶ţôʿһţʲộ˵Цˡ
˵ЦͻȻһг˻ʸѩ׷ļ֮ϣʱһѪܵĴڣʱȴʸһȻ˹ȥ
˿̻ʸ᰻һԺ֪ξȻҧѽ
ҶʧɫȴЦԭڱ淽Ų˵ЦСӿɿôвƣеϦ·һǴ̵ЩСһò˺ֻ¾Ҫɲ潿ˡ
Ҷǿ򶨣Цպգҿ顭
ɫͻһЦµҲװͿˣҪıʸƽƽ߳ùԹԵĴӦ¡˵ɶ˶٣ŵʵҲ¸㣬ҵŮӣǻˣþӣҲŪǣֻ֮ʱȴѵģԲΨ̸
ҶȻЦ˰ͷҲӦ֪ҵֶΣ
֪浱Ȼ֪һЦһƣڻʸϡ
Ҷɫһ䣬˲ЦʵұǻʸҵһӣǼ棬ֻҪķԸ޻ʸ£ضӦģֺοԸһŮӡ
ţһ£Ҫڵϣߵͷ
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ҶҪβܷģ
ͻȻóһذףҶǰˣȻǷĵù˵ʲôҲͬڣҪǿΪ
΢٣ĿעҶһһֵػ˿ֻҪһֻ֣ұʱ£ұ㽫Ļʸƽƽ˵͸㡣
ʸѪ죬Ҳףʼգδһüͷ˿ȴ㡭ǧĪҪӦδˣһϡ
ʸ˻ҡҪҡǧҪܣ߰ɡʸᰲҪˡ
ҶԼ⣬סȴ巢֮ĸˣοұǶȥʱҪһͻȻһԾ
ӷһץסʸͷ´һֶ˱ذףذֱƻʸʺصӿûЩϧ֮ģֻҪһ˶Ҫʬˡ
Ҷ˫ȭգȴһҲұƽ
ֻʸѱõ£Ųסһ˫ĿУҲʹ⣬ȴ˻ҪҡҪҡ㡭߰ɡ
Ҷͷ类̣鲻ԽȻˡ
ЦҲôֱһռͷкβɣҶľȻҲ
ӦҲ޿κΣֻڴţһϷһ䣬ʸǰѱ˵ͻȻѿ¶ǾӨţ룬һߣѪ˿˿ڳʸᰲҺѱ鵶ȴ»Ӧô
ʸ᰽˻㡭ǧĪҪӦ㡭ˡǱضŹġ
Цļģġ˵潥£ѻʸӨ׵ţӽꡭ˿˿ڳѪļ
ҶͻȻҧһҧʰǱذ׵ã
Ц㻹ǷˣˣС˶Ͳôˡ
ʸ˻ҺҪҪ
ʮҵ˶ѱ۾ֻ̿Ҷָ̧ذףָڲ԰ף֣ƲסԲһƶСĺ飬бų
Ȼ䵶һһʸ᰷˻ҺУذױһһˡ
ͻȻŭȵϲġôѾ˵ãֻҪǿϷӱɴСŪ콣¼ʱзݣ
ˣްµ۹ǿߣʱɫ࣬ǰֻ㻹Ǹˣ֪ȴǸްµ۹˶Ƕص֮ʿһ¡
һΣѽʸᰱУ׸ҶǸСֵܣ֮£ްµ۹Բס㣬Ҫֻްµ۹ң԰գȥˡ
Ҷһϲ֮ǷͬСɣסʸ½󣬻ʸ᰾˻Ҳ̲סʹ
־ŭ⣬ĪεͼƣĪֻҪСһ黫ޱȣʱֲԣһŭһ˿
ҶŻʸᰳֲ㣬ͷȥǻ¡ӽƤܳ
Է𣬵аâһһӰһ˽ȥȵϵʱʧˣģ쵰Ȼ;ᡣ
ѩǰ׷
ذѩ׷ˣִ;ᣬԽô׷ĵ
Ҷ俴ʧķһۣɨٳʮҵһۣұѰᣬǺͽ֮ĶԹȴǲˣǾ͵Űɣģһ԰գȥˡ
ʮڶǿߣȴûһٸҳֻ֣ҪҶһһȥ
֮һº½ϳһصɣ˳ơšΪΪ壬ºȻ
ŵˣ˵һλʮµ濡ӣһΪ˫ıǳʥŽڣŶĶаɱ֮£˵ûһӵùŵ׷ɱ
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Ȼŵ˲Żĳ֣ȥаͷ­һż״ĵͷ֮ϡ
˵ɽĺڰ˫Ѿ
ڰڤͷҲá
⻹ɱһӵܡԪصˡ
Ƕļаûһܹ⡣
ɱģҲɱ޹
ʾŵټһת½һҪһЩǿķˣԴʮֶŽһΧˣҲʧܺ󣬾ҲûκŵĻ롣
֮Ҳ˴£ɱľһɱʮҲ⣬˷ǰˣâڱʳѰ
޵λ½ǣɽΪǣų˫յ޵ŷǳ֣翪ϯ顣
ھϯˣȴʳζ̸֮¡


978 е
ֻ޵ɫأ˵һС£ҾλݣɽҪĿģλоһ£˴ǰʹߡ
һ˵ʹʲôŵˣҲͲǸͷ۵޵ŵĵҰ
޵ŵ߲ƣ߲ŵġһδϣͻȻ죬ּ̽ץûϵһ֣֮Ȼһ̿ա
ֻһɫӰӲƣһ¥еĽ֮ϣѶһɫС졣
죡
ŵĺ졭֮𣬳һɧǵСģѰߣߣ֫˲Ҳʧȥ
˶ʧ֮ʡ
ұ£үȥɱЩʲôĻ򡭡һĴ֮Уһλĳ˳Ӧ޵ׯׯ
֮гˣֻׯһˣ󻹸ʮ˺ˣǵ飬ƺ޵ׯеλ͡
ͻȻԺλõׯüͷһ壬ͳôˣҲ˵ûҵ򲻿ɻôɳȥĻˣôֻʣʮˣ˵ȥˣ
ŵɱˡׯȭͷգҧ
ʲôׯ΢΢һĵλ֣
һλ꣬ǰûӦǵһγִʵʥλ磬ȴգۼ㽫ʥʵɱˡׯԹ
ꡭֻλʵ޵ׯׯ۾ȻͷһЩŵϢɫ΢΢һ䣬ģ𣡡
ûСǼһ߸żŮˣȻЩŮɴ˵λׯͻȻţɭɭһ˶ץЩ֣һЩŮ˶ˡ
žһĶڴ֮д̶Ļصλׯ壬һУݺݵײǽ֮ϣֱǽ˼ʮɣҵ˵ϡ
޵ׯׯŭһ˫۾ŭɣҪһ㣬к޲˶ӣô͵棬Ȼ˵ôĻ̫˵ģôģҲӦ˵˳
ףʲô޵ŵׯӵĨȥѪЩţЩŭ
׳գѵϵôׯһƽǰؼӲĳɷ飬ŭ˼ҶѾɱˣ㾹ȻôŮˣģôôɵñ
ӷŭ޵ׯׯҲĭףѵ޵ׯŲɣǿѹͷˣܽô
˵ϻ̹˼ȥ޵ׯû⣬ܱѪ޵ׯׯɫѿȵ
磬ׯ˵Ҳ޵޵ׯڵʵȫȵϰǿ壬бҪôôׯѣⲻƳ޵ׯôҪǴȥԺô½㣡޵ׯׯԵһλӣͻȻԵ
ԣ޵ׯׯҲЩԥãε̾ϣʹ߲Ǻǿɡ˵ͻȻĶӣȵ׳գһ֮ڣ׼ٿׯӰ벽ӾʹĹȣ
ѵ⣬޵ׯׯʣǵ˵ͷ
ǰЩ׻ҷźţϣɣ޵ׯׯصϣЦŵ׻ҵ˲ܼʱ޵ׯοڽˣ
Ǻǣ׻Թ˲Ͼ㻹ǻһһһЩʲô£һЩʲôûĵ£ԼӦܵʲôĴɡ΢Цõɫոƽ޵ׯׯ˲òҰޱȡ
ܿͻȻпգһգ۱ׯ⣬뿴Ϊˣԭʱȴʧ֮ɫ
һĻߵλʵׯʲô
˶̫죬ʲôҲûп޵ׯׯ̾˿µ
˵зǰһ˶ϵʱ䣬ׯôǲʱ䣿ݵӣͻȻѵ
޵ׯׯûһʯ̨˵λע⣬޵ׯܻһѪȷ磬Ըׯһ֮ߣڴ˼ϣ뿪㡣
˵޵ׯһǿׯǸݶҰͽᡢη嶼˭ҼΣԺ˺ܿ㼯
˶ݺݵ˵ׯصˣȷˣεзʹ߾˵зֻһΣһʧЧԺ󶨲ٷׯˡ
䣬һָգʧɫ˵ǿʲô
չĿȥֻƯһֻ֣дϻĶ޵ׯׯһˡ
״ӭħŰ½ı֮һ
þ
ʱ䣺ɢ֮ʱ
޿ɣñǿдģʵʥǿ߾ܰ쵽Ϊ棬дЩʱȻûһ˷ֿƾ֮㹻š
֣޵ׯʱٴУ۴·С·Ųţ˰أǽͷҲˣƵܲ͸磬ֻӬҲɲ
Ƽȣׯ˲ǰĽ棬Ҳǰ棬ٵĵô죬ѵħӭʹ
޵ׯׯܱɨһۣĵ֮λ޴ǣ̹ǿɾŵĹˡ
ǣºƾоݣûɱ˰
㶮ƨξʹˣׯǵħˣ
⻰ŵ˵ɣ
ߣڿ˶࣬ǸðȻͷ
λһֱǶ֣ѽ˿ȹϵϣׯ䱻򣬲ʱβȥɱһ
˵ţ˾Ҫжȴׯֹˣ³çаڵйѣƣطΪȫ֮ߡ
޵ׯׯôһ˵漴뽫Ŀ⼯ڿеǶ֮ϡҵȴһŹԽԽ
Ժеʰɾصţͷ߳ˮֵƮҲŵؿҪ
ڣɢˡ
ֲˣˡˡֲ˵һ룬ŵ׼ʱſ˶˵Ҳжʮ˶ڴſڣȴûа취סŵˣֻӰ˶Ӳ
ԺУӰӣڵҫ֮£ħһ㣬ѪϢԺУ޵ׯׯɫڲ԰֮𽥵Ļظ˹ŷ֮ϱȭ֪λӲ޵ׯкҪ£
˵ͬʱ޵ׯׯŴеʮ˲źۼʹ˸ɫ߲߲ƣ컯֮ʽţ޵
յׯɫʮ˶΢΢˵ͷϲɫȴȡһ׼
׼ˣ޵ׯׯٴ˫ȭһŴǾȻǴŶβһ
һЦͻȻӰͻȻӷ֮ԾͷһʮˡĿݹӣȫɴŮӣʱֻλݹӿڵȻˣȻҪġ
ҿУλݹӵ䵽ϺŮнӹһСӣǰ̶޵ׯΥˡ
Ǿǡ޵¡ȴ˪ޱĿݹ˵缫شĺ磬һлһָ޵ׯıʾ޵¡
޵ׯׯôҪ֪벻㣬ʱ⼸λɷǣȴû˿⣬ֻúȥӲͷƤʵºˣ
λݹ³֣зʹߣԽ
ԽѪɱ˵֯ߣűɱ֮ƵԽ

Ըôܻʹ𣿡
ᣬ˾ȥԽҲüͷ
˾ŵ
ϻ̫ˡԽֻۣһĳѳУңָ޵ׯׯȻԸԾУ
ʱ޵ׯׯͻȻǰɫ˵ӹԽȻѴ޵ׯͱȥˣ
ôԽɨ޵ׯׯһۣ΢΢ɭȴ޵ׯׯĲѡ
ʱ޵ׯׯüͷһһɲĸоͻȻǰһһƽıӓ˳ȥٴΰׯɫ΢䣬˼ʧף㡭
ס졭޵ׯׯݺԼĶһۣһ鴤󣬲ſڵϷʮδ֮ˣǿħ֮£뱾ׯûаϵ
ׯ۾˵ϹУиоݣɱһˡ
ǰûУȴ˵׼ˣС´Ҫó֤֤
ǲײˣԽתֵǱ˿֮չǰׯÿħʹͨŵʱص㣬Կɡ
˵УѽǱСӶ˳ȥ޵ׯׯмһˣͶڵأİ벽֤ûĿڳ˿죬֤ʲô
ʱȺðһͷ޵ׯׯһ˳͵һ飬ٽϵСʰһȽϣصׯصʱǰׯʱԵϺţ㻹ǿ磿
޵ׯׯһ˾ȻԼׯеĹ£ӶˣŭĵôĵӣȻҰ˶ԸׯˣҲֻ˵дɣθҶ϶ħйء
Խ֮ԱǣתȡһǴħһ̽ѻģױţԼħ簵ͨѶ㲻ٷ˰ɣ
޵ׯׯһţɫ䣬Դ𻰣һε¥ڽӿ˵ߣҲϲˡ
䣬߳һλȶˣϸȳֻϧɴ棬®ɽĿŮһڽֿ޵ׯׯӣЦλ쵰ׯȴħļϸԼſ֤
⻰޵ׯׯɫһٱ䣬ŭҶиһƬţŮŮӣԽǰҪڽ¶޵ׯׯĵϸʱ
Խȴһ޵ׯׯ㻹ʲô˵
֤ȷ䣬ɽ޵ׯׯһʱſڽ࣬޴Զԣ͵һʨӺ߳ŭصϣɱ֮ɱŵʹߣΪ³
ٵ޵ׯʿԣɻȣ˷
𶯣ԽɱĿ纮ȫһϺȣ׹죬ɼͣȻԽ׳һ
λԩͷծҪҵĽ޵ׯׯһˣұ鷳˻ˮĿһɨ޵ׯׯϣӦ֪ôõ񣡡
ôõ񣡡޵ׯׯĴһʵҿ޵ׯھͽɢ˵仰ʱ޵ׯׯ΢΢һָɬĵģԶΪƬ½ϵ飬ţǷԷŹң
ŹôԽ۾΢գ³Ļȴ޵ׯׯˡҴܻⷬһʱ㣬ԽȴôΪ˵⻰ʱû⣬ʵҲʲôˣҲˡ
վһԵ޵ׯׯ΢΢鴤£۾֮Уıǣ˫͵ػóݺݵĶ׼΢Խݿ¡
Ҫ޵ׯׯ״ɫ䣬æȵȻ޵ׯׯȴǳšЦҪȥɡ
˼ֻȡӵˣҿһҲǲ񣬾ȻԼǾȥɡ΢ԽδҲûгַֻǵĮ˵һ仰Ե˵һ⡣
޵ׯׯ˫ͨ죬д󵶣ݺŭ¡ȴ꣡ͷѵĴڴԺУЩɭĻصţһֻϽ֣֪ʱķ޵ׯׯϣâ΢֮䣬ǴĲӣһŤϡ
شھԽӰ빫ִͣˣȴѾ۾ȥϽֽǾ߻ʬ嶪ǽ֮УĮȻЩɱ˱ǣαضѿ࡭
ʱһСȴʮ־ӰϽ˳ԽһֻۣÿЦʮôô嶯ٿϽ𣬻治֪ǲԣ
Ϊʮ⻰ֻõͷ
޵ׯׯɱ޵ׯׯ˺Ƭ̣۾üΪͨ죬ҧĵǻΪ߾ߵĵطôŵʵȷ޵ׯҲǿ࣡
԰գɢϽ
ٺ٣磬οԼֳֵģɲܹңʮԽգ۾һϽͻȻϹһʧԭء
ÿСӣϷͲı¡ֱӭϽʹ֮ףҿһ־ͽʮɵĹõƴ򷨣ȻһҲûҵ͹Ͻ
Ͻȴˣ̩ɽ˫ƽ٣סׯϮȭŵᣬÿ֮ҽȻңһĽ
ȻӰһ֣Ͻ˫ͻȻֿ˳ƴӱγһϽ̵ֻһ죬޵ׯׯײ϶̵Ƥʱ˺ѣѪ乣ҺУ׷˳ȥ
Ͻȴûоʹ֣޵ׯׯ׷ɳȥһ˲䣬Ҳ׷ȥ̵ⲿʽת޵ׯׯĲĨȥ
һоͷһգۼ䣬׼ޱȣ޵ׯׯһĻᶼûУһѪܵͷѹڵأһУԲ޵ׯϽһжûн
ҶôסˣֱԽ䳯ЩǲŻع׷׳ȥЩȥԽˣû˿׷ɱ֮⡣
Щ߾֮ԽԻȡһᣬ˼ۣ૵ڤţѩɣ˫޵ţʥ̣׼塭ѾȫĸˣԻżˣ
磬߰ɣҲˣĲо֣ȻʰվԽԱߵʮ΢΢һЦڷ֮һ̤μգӰ档
ԽЦĿӰһۣҲȥĵӰƽĴϿռʱʢ磬ȥʱѪȡ
ɾʱԽӵκȻһ٣Ȼͣһ֮ϣ΢΢ͷߵһߴ֮ȥкӦ˫ӣڵĮעǡ
ʱɱԽǰӰҲֵ˳Խ۾Ͻ֮ʱǵͫ΢ɲ
ЩˡӦûжɡǿأʮ֮ϣԾݣͻȻ
ҲӦˣԽ۾΢У
ʮĮĵ˵ͷͨϽӦģҪҪһ붯֣ѰеЩ˱ƳʮڵӼ䣬ӹĺ⡭
ʵСվԽߵһŮͻȻҡҡͷѩ׵ͣԽϣƽû˿еĲֻЩ֮ˣû˵ĴҡС԰գżڽ֮㣬ΣֱԾ¡
ԽֻʵǻǱμƹ֮ˡı仰Ƭؼ䣬ص治״ΪʲôҪϯ񣬻е
Խ۾΢΢գǸһĨЦݣżٴε㶯ĵӰΪĨ⣬Ѹʧ֮С
ɾԽȥãǰԽסǴطͻȻâһӰֳֻһˣͻȻԽܸӦǣǲǸеȡĵЦ޵ĴҶ
ֻСӺе㲻ˣǶǿߣȴԽôһʥСһǣμƹ֮ǲе㡭˵ͻȻüҶƺҲ֪ʱҶЩʲô
ٺ٣ҶֵܣȻе㲻֮İɣԽԺ󶨻Ƕһģû˱Ҹ˽ΪˣҶȻһЦûĻ
ͻȻתˣ磬ܲ£
ҶЦҪңΪʲôҪ½ҹ䣬ȴԽȥô˵ɻı飬ҶٵҪˣӦ֪ϴҴоȻػʸᰡ̡ضȴֻлʸ˹
ڷ֮ϣüǲǼ̫ˣһŭ֮£ˡ
Ҷ̾Լ·Һڴ˰̾
Ȼ龹ǰ֣
ҶȻȷǷǳ֣ȴв֫ȵһ֣飬͸ŵ죬˻ʸ֮⣬ضȴѽȳ˯״ȣգôҲǲѡ˵ǿڱǺ֮ϾھҲû˿֮һ£ȥʱƤ󻬶ˣûаϢ
̾ħַЩ쵰֪ʹʲôʹߵĶ㳤˯ѡ


979 
ҶʹĲѵĵʩܲ˿Ӧǲ֪϶ã˵иޣڣǾغգ浽ʱҿ治֪ʲô
˵ҶȻʹ޴֣ħַȷزɲ⣬ֲȷǲħģڣõİ취ҵ飬ɣ֢ܲҩ
ȴǶȻҸȷħģ鲢ûʲôϵ
ҶȻôô϶
ɻҲ֪ΪʲôҵĴмУǽһλҲ
⻰ҶʱȻȻ㴫м䣬ǲˣǼһħ˵ǹʹˣǶˣת
Ӧô죡ͻȻվǲǴħ磬Щ쵰˾ѣ
ҶһۣͻȻھȻѾ϶ħģżˣħټʣսױ½֡¶⵽ԵĴЩ֮ǰǱһ½жеֲ֡һȫĵطȥҪһĩպԴ
ȥҶհҶĻҲǵ˵ͷ
ȥ纣ɣޱߣȥѰһûпĺ֮أ˵԰գ˱ȥ˴ʱʵ·ǷɿޱȣʮպҶڱ̲֮ϣۣĿȥ
ĿģҪһ֮أڵ֮ʱҶⱩ纣ҶڶԼļңֻʱʵޣǷһҲǿռΪãھûⷽĹ˼ˡ
ûǴĻǰǴ鵺Ӧ⸽ˣҶ˵һ䣬ԣĿȥֻ⸽ĺƽ˾ʲô
ϸع۲Ƭ̣Ҷüͷһ棬֣ǰһԭһеĿռһŤһĺƾճǰ
쿴ȥƻãѹ־Ҷǰһʱ֮䣬ҲҲ⵺ȷλãԭ챻һΪµˡ
һ鵺һ󡭡ͻȻ鵺ϲѸƿȻ׵ƿ˱󷨣˽ȥ
⴦ȻҶǰеĸأŨγ״ϸָضǣδεҲĴܣһҶİˣ£ش
ĴĻŭţסصͷĵĵطϱү̵ģǰôû֣Ⱪ纣򣬾Ȼдء
ߵģһСγأÿɫƣ̾ññȻ뽫ĶΪУＴΪҶԺס֮أĵۼҵĶﻹһ
ˣϻһҶеһ㣬ȻδļˣȻҪúõһĵط½ҲҲڶˡ
ѾҶȻȾָ뵽ҶóͨžµĴӺƳһԻı
ӽԺͲֻͣںϣͨܲͣƶԳΪһʵĿе죬Ļλã͸ˡ
Ưڰ֮УŽµ鵺Ҷһ⣬깤ţֽԼ󡢻ɱͨͨ˵Χ
Ҷţǿ߽УҲҪѲƤʱҡſϣҲԺս±ҶһڵһƬյϣֽһӵķݡ
˼ˣ̶鵺ʱ½ֵﷱ֮ʣָ񣬱鲼½תһ꣬Ҷռ˸ָͲϡ
ʱʲôʲôˮضǰһõϧϣǱΪȻֻ˵˵жĲĲˣҲ֡
ЩһεɼϵԺķչսȻҪܵ޴ƻʱϽǼȱˣʱҶٿ࣬ҲҪ½ߣ
;ĿɿڴؿҶķΪôҲ벻һҶϴ󣬾ȻһѰ񡯵ļһһʱ䣬Ѱ;УÿÿΧзʱҶȻȻǵΧڣԵֻдˣ
һԵաۣ̺ҶƲ˾롣
ҲʶģĲʶ
Ҳ̫޳ˣȡᣬȻôûʵɣ˵֮Եֱү껹ҪԵ
ȻҶȴ޲˿̣š½˷ѡΰĿŬš
һ棬ҶΪƵǣ˿࣬ȴȻûзһΪЩ鱦֮ʣѾЩֲˡ
ЩͨġѱҲӦøһˣҶ棬ŤͷźЩʧ׷ǲŵһƬ˺ֻ쳤̾£Ҳ棬⻹Ǽ鷳°ǺʱףСүôĿԣ
֮£źƺƵһ½ٹһԺҶЩһΣǳЩȥġ
һ£һ·֮ϣ۵ߣȫУչѸ·Ȼ·;Уǿʲô˳۵ҶԵ˴ȡˣ
ЩʱѾľҶΪһ˵˵Ϳʼȡ
˰ԵΪȻǷ紫½һСģÿжûĿʾˣΪ̫ߣʲôҲȭŴߡ
ԣҶ˾ˣȴӲûܹϳֻ֪½һԹˣСĽԼұպã˿Уʮа˾ŻŪ
Ȼ£ҲβߣһգҶ䵽һڿնʱͻȻüͷһ壬һ֮С
ҶҲ֪ʲôȥľֻһ˵˫ѱһϣ˲䣬ѳٿͷȾѪɫ԰ףڶʮ䣬ٶ
ʱ߹ϴһΪѴ񾳽磬Ǻһ·ˣΪ˹죬ͼı
Ҷ˵ͷʵô˵
ݺݵһۣŵȻ˵Ǵ·ߣǻɽҰأ˵ȡħмֵƫƫҲᳶǱоġ
Ҷüˣûзˡ
ҡͷץһʱʶѸɽ֣ûзˡ˵꣬һۣЦҪһЩҪ̲ųɡ
ҪǰȥҶһѳ̵δ϶Էǰƺá
ȻֲԼ˵Ūݡ
Ҷ΢Цѹ̵̷ַ߽ģɣ
Ҷߵ׳ǰ˱۾ЦۣȻϻش⣬ֻʩȹҪλúлῼԼĴѡ񡣡
ޣ͵ۣ³һڴѪ˿ŨѣóɵѪ
ȻͷѪնȥ
ֳɫ벻ô׾ܹܿͻȻһ΢΢ֱ۾
һĮ㲻˵үͰϵƬ¶мɫЦѣҶЦϴܻܲرһ¡
ҶЦһתȥˡ
˲ص֪ҪôĥԼ
ȴת󣬼˱˫֣Цλϸָۻٺ٣ǰ棬ȴϵϸ⿪ʼˣ
ŭҪɱҪУϤ⣬ΪҪĥң
ֵһۣ΢ЦΪϲĥˣڱү붯ָˣΪֺϵ⣬˵ʮָʹģֺȴ֪ʹôֻ֤˵˵ʮֺͨʮʮֺûˣһΪҲǷ˰ɡ
⻰ɫ䣬ڲȻҸ֪˭ֻΪ·ŵ۹μʮҡѧԺĵٿ˴ᡣ
˴ᣬ֮ݡ
Ҷɫж뵽ħ缴֣½Щ齨˴ᣬѡһ쵼½Կħ硣
ºñͼʿã֮λħ˵УǸǲ룬˵˻һԭ򣬾ħƲ
ͬʱ뵽ҶͻȻ˹ǺǴЦԭһᣬλ֣ǰǳأǲʶһѰ¥ļ
ֵȻԣΪƾһ仰еͷŵĴѵԼĻԼ˵ʵԣҲδ̫˾˰ɡ
ȥʱͻȻҶϴһ˲ı֣ЩǶЯģ˷һ㣬ɾͲðˡ
Ҷɿһҵû뵽һ㣡
˻һľ˫˫ţɵصĿϷң
ʼַ׼ˣ֪һᣬǸ⻹ܸô
˾һѸմ
Ҷ΢Цָ
δлԼѾ㶨ŵҶˣ
Ҷͷµţ
˱ƶˣˬ糤֮󺹡
Ҷδ֣׻֮˵
ҶԲΪˣҺֻܵˣǽǹⲻȥ
󺹹Цܽöλ̨Щƣҳݣ
֮ԲڽԭһԾΪ½ɽΪĵ磬֯ܣ½չĻС̡
󺹽Ȼǵļ缰һɽ٣ƷͨɽƣΨмìɽޣǼݴԦ·ı·ҼͷӾרųۺˡħҵģڴڸģйˣƵģֻǼˣǲмӡ
ͳһϽƣһ磬һǡ̡֣ôȤӹƣʵǸɵҪô⣿
󺹴ν첻Ҫǰɽɽ󡢾ʯҪĵطڸγһͨ磬صİõǵľԲ۴СҪ缸ӡ
Ÿ˵صʶλʵң֮۴ʮʱʥްµ۹ǳţ壬ûвߣӢ˭ȵүү
Ҫ˵Ҷе㲻˼ڴ½ûӰ𣿡
Ц̫ƽʱ̫ƽʱսʱսҵһףֻҪ粻ûзеģղŰ㱻λѵɴ˵£ǾģֻͨҪƣ˶ӡ
ε⣬ڲŹȻ˵ã㲻˵ʮĵԺҪڰŵ۹ô˴ô⾿ôһ¡
󺹵ɫȥ̾Ǽķ£ʮ½ͷӰνѧԺĴΪʮ·Ҫ½ϵдСˣΪŽԿУҿǸҰġ
üͷϵԺ˭
󺹵һͻѡһλϽµɲûйȨȴɴȥͷ˵ʱٿִᣬ½ڲӰɴС뿴˭
ҶɫвʮҲ˵϶˵ʮ֮λҶʮҵĹϵ˺ǵһҪԸĿ꣬Ҷš
ҶԴҲûԴ󵽿½࿹ʮҳΪͷɳô˭Ԥϵġ
̽˶ЩǺηأ
󺹿Ц᲻ҪɣԼʮĵԺڳһԴСĸ֣Ю´ƣӲҪǼǵˡ
Ҷˣô
󺹳ʱԲ̫ҪڲΣһڲһµľ˵ĽֻһˣʲôҲ˵ҲӦס
Ҷǹ׼μӻǾܾ룿
󺹵ҽŵ۹Ҫ͸ǰ˽ǵ뷨˶ŲμӣǵĴǳѣ˵ֻ
Ȼˣ
󺹿Ц˵ֻǸˣסжҪȨޣδλҪȥԸôˡ
ʮЩĴ쵰
Ȼ𾴵½ҲֻŸҲǵˣҲÿǵɫˣô󺹰ֵĵطֻҪҰõȫԸ
Ҷ㻹ǰɣ˵ֵȴ֮ˣΪмп̺ĳıҪպȥһ˰ŵ۹
ʧô
ûʲôôСֵģ΢΢ıһòһӥǼ񺺶Ҷҡһ䣬˸ĻӣͱҪ㿴ҿ㣬Ц
ҹϵĸ·ֻʮչ򣬱ִ˰İŵ۹
ŵ۹Ϊ½󳬼۹֮һ֮۹˶٣Ҵʱ˴ᣬԣڰŵ۹춼У̰˷ᣬ˳;
˸ǣһִӭӣ糤֮ȻλߣûнҶˣ಻ѯʡ
ڰŵ۹ͨϱŵֿ˼ħ̣˾ڵ̺Ժţȥµıʱ˾ʮŸ·΢΢Щƣ룬ڷ
ߵѥӣ̯ϣδƵҶ治Щ쵰ʲôħڼȣǾȻꡣ
Ҷ˵˴ᣬûħ˲룿
⻹˵ʢ£ħˣôܲʲôϵ
ҶʼҲ֪ȴֲõԤУо˵ıӦðһ˵ıֻڱУһ¶ɸı䣬ֻܽʵ
׵ȻϴĸоǾʹˣǷóЩħˡ
Ҷȴʵͣ
Ӵ⣬¶Ҫ¾ֻһʱȥƻʮҵı治ϴΪβԸЩһ
Ҷ̫̾ŲǺ£ʮеһǳ֣δؿǣ˵ʮ֦ͬһһپ٣ûͬʱԸʮҵʵ˭ðȻǳ֡οħ֮ʣʮҪҪԸǣҲս֮󣬲֣ܳʱ˿ֵõǳǿ
Цүǹֻһʱûˡ
ҶЦУȡ
ϲĿг񣬿˵
ҶȻʧЦŪ˵ɣʮңĵԺܿǰһµ֣Ǳ濴ô򵥣Ҹҿ϶Щжܻµˣħ൳Ҽпܣʮ֮˰ħ໥ˡ
һ˵öԣڼ䣬Щ˵ܿΪµĴôа󲿷ݶվͬһߣĴռˡֵϴ˵ףҲǻʸҵӵܣʸҵӵܣȥ׿ڷ硣
ҶЦ֤δЩϼһ棬Ҫ¶ţ쵰뺦ҡ


980 
ʱɫص߽Ҫȥһˣ֧־ܾμˣкܶӦġ
أʵ˭
ҶԵȥ˽в˳ɢʹߣ½Ĳԡ
ͷ˰ƣ½Ĳ϶еͷΪô
󺹵û֣һݰֵܣȴ۰ɽĺߣɽ֮һΪݴѴ񾳽磬ôǿĿɽ˭
ݵ˵ڤ棬ڤȴǽĶͷԺҪ
ҶʵʮҵΣ
󺹵ʮʹǰѵ˰ŵ۹˿Ĵ˵ͷĿ˴Ὣںڰŵ۹Уʱ޶ࡣ
ӴϵǾ²˳٣ȥ˵ɣ
ãʹȥ󺹴ҶһĴԺ
ڴԺĻڣһ˶һɼĺΣʮӷ͸ڣһӹֻ֣˱㿴Ĳơ
Ǯʹĥ⻰Ȼ١
Ǹӣֲ֪Ƿ׸⣬ƺر٣ŴƽԴ϶ֱӴּ缷ƵģƬ촽һ֪ǽԺֵˡ
Ҷʱδл˵ѹЦֲֶҲһþòֶ泤һ˲ˣֶ°ɣҵԣֶܲܵΡ
Ҷһ¶ʵ¶ţȴʾļţЦҲֻǸ裬֣Сֶͳˡſֿѵϣҵȥң¹С
ֻڲǰ϶ʹӵݣҶ¼ɣȻԿжԴ
ǸϢСƫռȥ֮һ˺ͲòشкһŮͷϵ㡣
ʱѯ󺹸׵δת⣬յҶԵϴΣ
ҶӦǸز¶ĸ֣ڳӣֻƭ֡
ɫͷҲͬУԡңұеһݵазһĹ֮˺׽͸ӡ
⻰ҶһǾ˲¶࣬϶񼶵ĸ֣һþħĸ֣ǽ˵ôֻͽѴ࣬Ϊħϣ½ԽԽá
ҶɫҲѿ˵ôټ°ɣбҪӣ
󺹵γʱǧԸСֶҪ̲Ǿ;᷸
ҶĽˣķԸҪıתΪ֧ħˡ
һʵЦϵôҲҲҲСһƣ˾мƷɫӨ͸ԣٲҵõһ纣ϻ飬𲻳־ֻͲ͵ĵȻֻЩйѡ
ҶĿࡣ
ۿڲţ˿϶Ƕֵľ磬Ӳڻ£мߵ˵ⷬҲҺзԹʵ
ǬЦСֶȴ˼лĺ񰮣٣ζʮҡĴ󹬵ѧԺ½һ£кο
Ƭ̣ѹʵڷͬСɣһΪ˴ദǢʮôЮƶҪǵ¶ϸá
ҶģŷһֻǲħˣҲ˼ʮңʰгǺȡ
Ȼ˼Ҫܾˡ
ôǾǴɵϡ
Ҷ󲻽⡣
Ȼǵö٣˼ǡ
ȴžһ
֪ǲһǣǲԼԼˣֻЦֶʼ˵㣬ϵͬ뷨⣬Ҫǵ˶޺ֶΪ
󺹴Ҷʵ⣬ղ˵٣˵ʮе⡣
̾ʮǷⲢҪҪǼ˺󣬸˭˭ˡ
ҶȻûȫֻҰģһеӾȻôҪ֮λ˷£Ҳ롣
Ȼ
٩٩Եĵʮ½ͷϴȴɽħɭֵ֧֣йһǵʮҰڲһУٿʱѡµҪ͵ŷʴס
ҶͷõƸˣһʱ䶼˷硣
˵գ˻ص¥һڣ󺹵εǽҸô˵ѵ˵֧𣿡
ҶʵϵǷĽҪķԸ
󺹿ЦֻҲ׼κ֮£ҽԸȵֻǿ滰Ц֮
ˣ󲻼򵥣ΪϵҪôҪ£
Ȼʲôô
ҶˣûʲôħˣȻⴿǵһֱóô֤
ɫģǻˣǷɵˣ
һħȻһͳк֧ܶһħ¿Ҳûеôܽǹҧһë
⻰ҶȻҡͷ²ȥģֻͳͳǵħ˴
ĿЦϴǲ¿ˣ
󺹵Ȼûͨı죬һãȻĵ˵ô
Ȼֲ˵ôֻ˯㾫Ӧ˴ᡣ
Ҷһ·ǳҪǷĲԸˣ
󺹿ЦʼֻǸˣ¶ҪϵμӣӦǴ󲻷ˣ˵ᱻǾͷǳ⡣
Ҷʮô̹ףʹյĿµƣ˳ڶʼ䣬ħĿӡΡ
󺹳˼Ƭ̣ˣµĵȻȡƭǿͽħƺ˶޵ӣԣˣ˭ǡ
ҶȻֻҪμ˴ˣֵ뷨ͳˣ
λҪҴݣô°ɣǿɲ˵Цģǡ
΢ЦַģǾΪյġ
󺹰Űɵλôô㣿
Ҷ󺹼ͷЦ֪ãĴȥ˵ͬ²ʮҵ֪粻ˡתȥְɡ
԰գ߳˾¥ڸСڣ˾񵱵صС㣬Ĵεš
ϴ̫ɽ
ҶҪзǡ
üо˸𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷղ뿪Ժʱйоܿʧ١
ݵȻϴӦˣ;Դˣֻ˭˱£Ƕҷμ
Ҷ϶ǿߣ˵ǲˡ
һ̫ѵģӳǸ˵ž˲
ҶЦ㱻ʶƣҲðȻǣҲֻ밵в̽ʲôǿɳýһʮҺͲĵ
ף˳ˣͻȻüͷһ棬һӰȥǵӰҶһۣͻȻȥˡ
ڵϴҪҪ׷ȥ
ҶЦҲû׷ȥҲ֣ǵӰʲô԰գ˳˳ǣһƬɽ֮УɾʱҶȴʧȥǵӰӰ
ɻ֮ʣһɫԶĿҶһĻҶЦһо͵رŷͬʱһӻӰ˫ֻó⣬ĺ͵ϮʮΡ
˭ΪҪ͵ϮңҶ¶һ˿Цȷ˵ΪȻҲǸǿߣȻһԪߣǱ֮ͬڵߣҲǲ磬˵Ҷˡ
ߣȥʰɣǵӰһ߶ֳϮصҶƣ溧ޱȡ
һﾹȻһ־ҪԼأҶҲ˷ϻˣȻǶԷҲֲˣֶȻζ콣֣֮ϣɫâһѽӰһǵӰ
֮ʣȴǵӰͻȻһƺߣףնȴǳһѪֱǵӰһɱɭϢϼȴˮ͡
ŵԣ˷·ûʶԼǰվֻҪҶ֣;Բ뿪ĶҶ䵭
Ҷ˫ֻأ΢΢̧°ЦΣΣ
һٶȻܿ죬ҲǿɱҲǲܣټһˣҶһʱҲų֣֪ΪʲôҪԼ
ߣҲ̫ˣ½˭֪ҶʥѩɵĹϵŵʹߣɱѩɵʥԹĹâ˸
ԭ˳ͷģʥŭӣҶȴûôҶֻû뵽һﾹȻԼһӦǺܾ˰ɣ
ҶЦģʥɫһ˿Ҷ΢ЦͬڳЦһ㣬ʥȻͷһУ쳹ﷶΧ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬һϣսپˣ
ҶոѾһ⣬ֱײǶʥͷײʥˣǿӲĹƣɲӲײ
Ϊޣ壬ǽγɳɣȫ֮ϬĲλͷˣ֮ʣͷ֮һɫӰ֣ײʥθӲӡ
Ϭǣƻ˿ʥ㵽һԣֱֱʥײ˹ȥʥɫ䣬ֽŲãǧ֮䣬˿
ֻʥһ໣ĹֽУͬʱʥҲɿ仯ɲǣŻһ뺷ĺӣȴǱһֻɫϻһϻС޼
Ȼʥĺڻһɫİƣ˾ֻצϾȻм̳֡
ԭǻˣҶһ콣һû˿⣬óӰֱ˶ʥ
һʥһԾɲǼԾףһջˣҶֱֱ˹
ҶʾǿȣڤѲκˣȫ֮ϻӿΪһɫ棬ҶһͷӲײʥ
Ҷǿȱʥ޼ټƻǿڤ棬ԻҪʤʥһײһֻ¡һ졣
ͬʱײʮɣʥŴֱƣҲƴ˸ƾУǵݳѪ˿ҶһЦֻǶʥһţʥ֮ϻ˸鴤ˤڵء
꣡һֱӲǶʥͷ­ʥһ̽˸߲ҵץǶʥӤһȥ
֪Ϊﵽ񾳽󣬾ͿԺ޼ôʥӤѰͼ£Ϻ󣬲ŶҶ˵ϴһǵùôҲ벻Լ
һԹ̫أرԺ£˵鷳һ治Ҷʥʬһۣ΢΢Щü
ˣϴʥӲƴôͻȻأղŵΣɵĴм˿ɻ
ҶЦЦĽ͵ʵֻϴδڤһ֮ڣҹϵĶǿԼ壬ղһײ֮У̺ŻͻȻǶʥ֮£ȻϵĻֱӴǲ𣿡˶٣ҶֵҴﵽ񾳽̺֮ȷֲ֮£ǿҲҪУ
Թԣû뵽ϴȻ潫ֹˣԺֻר޻֮ȻдǿԵ̾ڤҲ״
ˣȥҲǼһжʱӦжˣҶ˿ɫͻȻһԸɽ¼
˽ʥʬ廯ΪҽԽǽһŴԺլĻ԰УԺĽ䱸ȻǳɭϣֻǶһ˶ԣҶȴϡƽܹΧ¥󣬱֮
ˣҲģô˵Ժмпס֣˸ϤǿߣɲȶʥֻǲѲӦοһһֱû¶ĺ
Ц˷԰ݱڣóһɷдϣħʹߵһΣٴյҶԵΣ
Ҷ˵㣬Ӧ֮⼸֣óȥҲֵӶġ
õҶĳޣ쳣ʲô¶ΪҹģΪԽʱֵЧҲͲͬΪϼΪ˴಻ϱ仯·Զ䣬ǱΪͣͲǰˡ˶ٵˣõδѰǸӣ
ҶҪش𣬺Ȼף԰ɽһϪС֮£ϢȥΡ
ʱһӿĳӯС£żڲƺԵ㣬գۼӵСͤڣֻһԼʮԶʯС
ڻ԰ռطԲٶɣľݣΪղű鷨һŻľ֮󣬴ͤӵĽǶǿġ
ͷզǲǹȻûۡ
Ҷơ
ʱ𣬽һô£Ϊβɴ˵ӲҪԼ˵
ΪǲҶһãȻ֪˲ǲˣǶϲ˭
˺ȵûǵ£ԶԶû׼԰ߡͬӦһƿЩ˻ΪӰ԰⡣
Ҷɫµ˵˭
ͤڵʯȥ̾Һһֶɲ飿
ӵ㣬Ҷƣʮǰħ磬ʱѷҶ壬Ҹûаϵ㰮ô͸ôõ档
ȻǶƣֻֻȻ塣
ʱֻžʯ̨أһʯ̨ŭȻõǰħҲô˵쾹Ȼˣ˵˱ˡһֲΪм̳ߣ㾹ȻħԸңȻΪУǷòͷˣ
ҶĽнҡ
һƾᣬֻ֪ǿƮȴܰһż̵ʯƷĳֻۣʵû˰쵽һ԰Уֻ򲻼ʱĻ϶ħĸ֡
Ҳһİֻղź£̴ӻݣ֪²ʱᱻŵ
ֻЦһƢӲǷ˵ծǷҵģ볥ʮҶû׷ָ׵Ѫծڸʱɣ
ҶȻ򣬲֪ԭǲ˶ƵӣֶĿȻǻ벻ôܻΪͷֻǲΪʲôҪɱƵӣȴҲǲˡ
ŭЦЦͷֻ֮ʱ˲ȫѪѶʬǲ棬Ҳ£Сֻ˶ΪŻģѪˣҲΪһھҪеŻ
ɾʱһСһЦȷѴﵽ񾳽磬˵أŻ
ҶͻȻڵʮҵˣ⻰֪˴Ȼʮҵħ繴ˡ
ûжĵǱѩҵˣûŪҸˮݵѣΪνȴͬһǿ׳Ƶģô£Ƿ淴ת
ı⣬¶øƨɣɱ̫ˣҪħ㣬Ҫȥ
ֻ͸ĺ⣬֪ͲĳԹ㾡֮ˮҲϴȥɱӣݺݵĥ
⻰һЦȴеİ㣬ƸЦֱͷЦٿֹΪħ𣬾Ϳɺ绽𣿴˴ս˭ʤ˭ܣδ֪֮㣬ƺˡ
Ǹѩҵǿ߲мصΪǲ֪㰵£ɽħɭԸ𣿡ǴȻһʱ˵
ƳЦѹĺӣҲóһЩζٲߣԺ󶼲ߡݺݵ˵á죬ѸԶȥ
ʱ漴ôõĻᣬΪȴ
֪һֱԣнп࣬ʱԶ֣Щ˵Χػ£Ҫߣ£ٲãҪսһ
ƳѴﵽλӲ֮к˴ӡ
λѩҵǿҲͷؼʱ̰ɱӰ֡
и󵨵뷨ǲԼ︰ᣬ׼ǡ
Ƶ⻰е뿪˵԰գЩ˳ҹɫݿˣ
Ҷллأ϶Щ뿪æȥû뵽֮£Ȼõôһܣܣ֮ᣬҪɣˡ
ȥ˰ŵ۳ǣҶ
ŲǿԺúһ˵ţҶգڲ׷ȥ
񲻶˸ûסʵϴǲʲôң
Ҷͣ½ŲŤͷֱзë˵볹׽ֻ֮Ҫȥħҵħпܣ⣬붨ڣ½ûаǰһȥħ𣡡
˵꣬;ֱȥˣֻ±ϢĿɿڴϴȻҪȥħ˵ħҲ̫˰ɣѵϴħභʵ
һʱ䣬ҶӰиӸĪ⡣
ҶŲһĴɽڲŨ״ָӲһ㣬Ҷ˿̾ôã˼ɽزܹȵȴ֮١
ȻѰ˸õطţҶ૵λǼһóٺöˣ˼룬ܿ谭һ󷨡
󷨺ΪģΪ˱˴߷õ󷨣ֻ˵гôܱһ赲οһ󷨣ҶС
ҶЦһֱӽ󷨣Ƭ̣˱ͻ󷨣ڲ
ҶɨһۣʮװҺ̶̶ͷΪʥƷʮ̶룬ɵ
ֻǣҶĿ⣬ȴǴͬ飬ԼҶУǸթĶԣԲˣϼһֻܹԼùƫƫħˡ
ŲӤ͵һüͷɻضҶ˵ϴ󣬲֪ΪʲôҸоһﲻǱô򵥣˲ʵ
ܿ͸Ź֣мһħ𶼲ˣûеʵôħа壡ҶֹȴͷĪ˵ʵǱô򵥣ȵԺԻ֪
ֻεص˵ͷ
ʱ򣬲˫ۣһҶˣһ𾪣ǰֵˣȻϤȴǵǼҪ֪ϴҶǱùòģֻ俴һۣܼǵòŹ֡
𾪵Ĳԭ򣬶һܿ͸ΪһȻ޷͸ȻΪҪ߹ʲôʱ½ôǿˣ
Ҫ֪ԼǺǰƿͻ񾳣ﵽһȫµľ磡ŸħŶԣôܳԼҲ͸ˡ
𾪹󣬲ܿͷӦʩһ񣬵֪λҵкμ̣
ǰǿҲһһɬؽҶλҵϴ㣬ɣ
һ¶һ˿ҶǺЦý黳ǲ鷳ģ㻯ģ˵ħ𲻺ϣǰ˵£
ô֪ħ£䱸Ҿ
Ҫ˲֪ĪΪҶ˲һۣٵǿɱ֤Ὣħ˵й¶ȥһ㻹ǿҪ÷磬Ҫ꣡
˿΢Цǲ֪ҪЩʲôҲǸˣûа׳ԵĹӣȻ˼ţȻҪ󣬲Ż˱֤
һ֮Ҷת⣬һָߵ̶һסصȡЩΣѯʣȴǰԵޱȣ˿Եء
ĿɿڴȫһֱӻֻҪҶκβ춯ʹ㶯֡
붯ôҶŤͷһۣ̻ؽ·Ҷת˵ɵħû֮أ½˵ħˣֻҲû֮ˡѵΪ˼ҪĿǵжԣɲǸľ
½֪ҶΪ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪ˣʱֻҪˣɾͲôˣ˶Ҷڲ
û˿Ҷֵʵ㣬ҾŵǵʵӦţֻҪ֣罫ǺУڶģĲ޷ջ
£ʱ󼱣деϴ󡭡


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Ҫ˵ҶڰкȶĻȻЦеضŲͷ·ƭСĹ塣
ҶĻȻԥˣһΪȻɲ⣬ħȴûаʤ㣬ھȻһҲ͸ǿߣΪԼͷҲǼ£޿ɱĶˡ
ϧҶΪ̫ǿԼɲܿ
ʱҶ˵ʵʵ˵ҪĿģǶԸħ𣬲㣬ŲҲӦħ缴ǵһ£ȻǴͽʵûжӺûˣ
ĶˣȻҲжˣͻȻڵȻˣҴӦˣԸ㲻Ҫжĥɱ¿Ӳŵ£˵꣬ͻȻûһ䣬·һʲôȦ֮С
ҶЦϴ˵ĵ⣬ƱȻᣬֻҪ㹻ģһģ˵꣬ǰڣǾҪƻʮҵ˴ᣬȥʲ
ɻĿҶһֻۣõ˵ͷҶ˵ò¶ԣǱȽףȥҲܷĹЧҲʲôԾĵط
ڶƻʼжҶ󣬴뿪󷨣Ȼ֪˴ĲҲĻϲΪԼҵһ
ɽʱĲűϴǺòײҵѵôŹʲôôҲû̵˰
Ҷһۣ˵зųߵ㣬Ժֻ׵ģסˡҶƳһεգЦʮҺòײ֯εˣͻȻƻ˱⵽ʮҵķ񱨸
˼򵥣ȻҶҶҲòֻ˭ֶθЩˣ˵ȻҶȥԸħ𣬵֪ʽ֮£Ҷħ֮䣬Ҳ±Ҫ˽ᣬԣͲ֮˵ˡ
º󣬾;Чˣպֻص˰ŵ۹ڽϴҡڵĹ䲽ȴĴƮɵֽƬ֣˴ʵΪħڱݣֽƬеĸоǳŹ֡û뵽İЧô죬Ȼһչж
ʱԶӳԭһ䷹УЦϴȥѰ¥ЩΣ֪ǿڣϲûʱЩʳ
Ȼô˵ˣҶȻͷӦ
ʳʵδʼҵ˵һ£ܶصĴܿһۣ̾벻ôһ˴ᣬǣ浽ħ½ɵĶԹ
ҶҲü¶սңսƣ½֯ô࣬Ǿңʱұ㹥ʱΪ˸Ե棬׵趼ɲϡ
ץһֻȣҧһڣҡͷԵôһ龰ȴħºǾͽŷչΪһȻɣʱգϣͿΪ½ض򡣡
ҶҪ˵һŴȥȻ˶ڣ΢Цϴ㾹һˣ
߰磬һЦλһϴ󾭳Сˣ֪ʱİŵ۹ϴǲ볩飬һο˼֮ࡣ
罿绨һ˿ӵЦ⣬һۣſҶϴؾ֮Уûлˣ㣬Ҫúóлһ
ǼΪݹ壬ֽͣţֻĻɨһۣʱͷˮǾѹεճ
ҶüлĻͲ˵ˣʲôֱ˵ɣǲǰģ
һ۵Ȼ֮ʦν˲£Ҫҥǣûչ㣬ΪȴҪǣ浽ħ磬Ҫֻ֪Ƕ뼸ҵЭ飬
Цͽʢۣ֮лᣬСȴݹ٣ϴ󲻱㣬ɷү˳䡣
ŪЦԷǣ΢˵л˵ĶǷϻҺúôһ߱죬ҾͽϴСˡ
˼òɫ֪ɴ֮òվڶƵһ
µ൱֣Ϊһ綼ǺϵʱҲͬͬϴڲסǾͿվڶһߵģȻô˵Ψһ;ħڣôŽһ¡
ʱ˽࣬ҲʱбԼҥԤеã嶯
ЦƾϴСܣֻ㻹첻ȻԺϴŮˣǾпˣʱһ㡢㡣
硰ꡱЦΪ䲻ϴ󣬲ô˵İɣ
Ůӣǻûа취˶һۣͬ뷨ҲԷеΣʵǵж֮ˣǰƣȴòίߣ£ô
Ҷαʵͽϵ龰ħΪʲôڻûȡжѵħʲô⣬ǿռͨ⣿
ɫ΢㵹ϢͨΪΪҿϸأ
Ҷֵ̯ô˲ܣ˻֪ģβ飬ɱˣ㻹Ƿһˡ
ĿתҶϣһ̾Ŀ˼ðɣ˵ϸһ㣬ֻħȴûħ֮ħħڱչأħͷڰº󣬾Ϳʼ֡ޣ˵ٿûŴ
ѭղĿƳȥֻ̽ͷµҵλ˶£ǣ֯˴군ˣ
һ΢΢һȻѾɣҲûıҪˣ˵ЩһаȻǣϼμ˴ᣬħڱŵĸϽˡ
ֻĻ̵̻龰֪ҥԵǶôӴҲ֪Ϊ£Ȼ˲
󺹵Цλһһ䣬ȥʮҡĴѧԺ̡
Ҳеŵĵ벻û뵽ô˳
󺹵½صеʮ̫ЮǿʱҥһҶ˴ǣҥǼ٣˻һɢ˭ܹ˭
ҶȻֺЦĹֵо
ʱ˱ϳȻλѣʵѵõԵݣҪϷͬ棬пգȥ̽λ
˫Ȼ
Ҷڿն𣬳ϵĵص㱼ȥһ˰ٶ·ȴꡢ׽ӣذããһƬѰһ˽ȥͬʱҲϢ
ϢϺҶѧǰĴ꣬ͨţϣȻȻԣʵô
Ҷħȷħޱߣֻ̧ǵֱߡ˵ҶĨ¶ͷϵķ˿̾˵ħº󣬾Ҫ½ͻȻе㲻
ע⣬Ȼʹʡ
Ҷһֲĸопܾͳħ֮ħϣȻħʣɲ˵ħ֮ħʣҿпɡȻǺˣҶԸħ𣬵ǵһЩ£ֻӣǵĺҲô򵥣˵ݽȥǾ͸
һ˵öԣϴôһ˵ҲγƵģôϼ޻ˣôô׾ǼһﰵЩǲ֪ıƣֻҪһãʹ
ʱһŮҲûʲôģֻҪȥҵˣʲôҲõˡ
˺֪ˣҲû¶ʲôҶתֻһװ绨ӯӯ˵Ķ̬ķ
Ҷһۣޱһֱǣ
ƽ޲񲽣ȻҶԱߣЦʵ㣬ȴħ֮ħĸȻǸ쵨ҲҶħ
崫㣬ԭС֪ħˣǰϴϴҪǵУ𣿡
̹ȻȻ֪ħ½һöҪӣҲò˲򵥣ȴȷǾħıظֱǸղŵĻʼ
Ҷƽس֣ŵĳת뵵ʤƽʱƽ۵ĶòƽǰΧǽĳһԵ壬ưĿԡ
Ҷľı仯ʱһв£صϴСˣȻôһֱǣôҪϢǡ
˭֪˵ЦݸҾϲҶôһҲǳħ𣬶ħħ𰵵±Ͳͣҵ
ϵҪΪϴŮˣڴҿɵö׽׽̫ˣʲôҪϢһ˵˰ɡ
һۣÿɷ񣬲ǻôԸħɣһԽ񾳽ֲǿߣֻҪд⣬Ϳܾ֮֡
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絭Ҷһۣ΢ЦϴԴӼңͳĬԣǲҪˣҽֻСףΪǴЩϢƮˣգۼû밵С
һߣյҶԵ椺滶ϲˣ
ҶһʧıӰŮ˵˼ԶҲᶮģˣħȻòΪܿǸ򵥵ҪչأٴʵԺ£ͽȥˣ
ͷģҶķϵȥ̽̽ϢȻ;ϴأڼ䣬ҾԲ鷳ġ
˾ͺãҶվʣͻȻڵұչغȽ˶תƵҵǴ鵺ȥұչûгǰκˣܿ鵺һ
֪ˣϴҪȥչأɻԼ鵺õȥô
ҶһЦαչأҪӴ鵺ǵĸȻƻİɣȥģ԰գѳת۱ʡ
ҶһۣҲڿնҶȥˡ
Ҷֱ˲ס˰֮󣬼ûлҶһʮɸߵľ޴ҵһõʯ
³ȥˣȻҶȻҲöˣ۹۱ǣǹģĿž֮Ȼ
һڤ棬ҶڵʵҲûгյڤİ빦Чһڻһµʱջ
ڤۣ罣Ľâ͸һϻͻ֣ڻֵһ˲䣬Ҷ¶ʹ鴤ԻְԵķκ˸ҳԵġ
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ڵȫйʱҶǿ˺ѷεʹ࣬ľྡֻոķھϵʹѼܶࡣ
ܿڤֳˣͻȻһɻûٻٵĵطһѿѿһ𣬺ܿһ˿ڱָ˹ָУȻɷǳʹ࣬ȴǿ
ֱһ̣ҶףΪʲôڤ棬ǿ߶Զ̫֮ˣֻḶ́ʹǳܣʹԺϰ̣ǸСơ
һµʱ䣬ĬĬĴеҶԲһµʱ䣬ڵ߾ȫǿһ飬һξǿʱĳһС
Ȼֻϸ˿ϸȴΪ⣬ҳȫֻҪƣֻҪתһȦָˡ
ڤڤȺ󣬾ԼʵˣҶԥڴ߶ϵǣڴ߶ʱڱ㱾ͻȻٶȽԭǧ֮һһϢؿڣѹϢ
ҶĪҶǿѹоţֲиƶڰķһͻȫһ𣬽ȫʮë״ţؼ亣ëзӿڡ
Ҷϲ֮УҲԭɣЩȫڣ
ȻҶ֪⴦ȴΪһ޴磬ԽԽƣеĶﶼҶ޴Ķ쾪ˣһͷͷͨħ޷ڵϣĿγɵһɹûҶڡ
ķΧ⴦Զ֮һЩΪܸߵҲˣΪǶܸӦԶһеһڶȥ
һʹùעµԽԽ࣬ͨϢӦǺĸоҶھ̰ʳ֮˵ǰû˵
Щ̲סеĺ棬һεضȥ
ҶΪڶ˾κˣһ˲䣬յбʮ֮࣬һʱ䣬Χգһ֣̲סϲĪ
ڤϡ콣¼ȻԵ˹
ǻ֣ȻǱѰҶЦһȻٴγ֮У
ʱǹúܿ죡
ҶϵΧ¹ȥռȻϡ£Ҷòˡ
ֻԭӯֲȻԼ˿ή֮Ҷ֪ԼӶ̫ǵ˲١
Լȥֻ⴦ͱסˣΪÿһʵҪԺΪ׵ģһԼȡķʽڰԵͻֹӦĲӦ
˿ֹֻͣ¾ҪĸҶҲӦûطȥˣһЩΧߣȻ˸ա
Ҷе֮һУ½һЩСĹ顣
½һˣϾһ˽һºеʯûõĿʯ
º󣬷һλߣۣһȪ
ĵ۹֮зʧ֮£ղصһֻ飬ͻȻ䲻ɡ
˸£ѩһĿͻȻǿҪѩҵѩҺѩҼӣڵʥ棬һֶԸˣ󺺣ôͨ׽ʥƨճ˻̼
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תˮʱ任ʱһȥħ½ӰҲԽԽ
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ħֳֳվһ޾Ĵ󺣣޾ĴУվ޾ħʱĶ棬ȴǵ½еǿߡ
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񣬾Ůӵ
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ղ֪˶ãڻ̲סˡ
һУͻһЦţʲôңʮŵҲţҷŲֻ֣ЩҪٶѣǶˣ˼ٶҲ١
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֮кȻһԷֿĸƲǣЦ˵ľŮ̧ŶСӯӯ˳СϣбŸͷ׷ߣȷֳƣȴϤĺܡ
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һͻȻɳʲô˲ûȻôʱڣʹ񾳽磬ֱӴﵽ񾳽磬ⷬ仯ǰʶĶ¶ŵı顣
ǿȻʧĪǾ֮ЮŮвԼӵܵλ棿ŵ˽ƼƶˣֶβټΪħĵˡ


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⻰ʹ˷ʲôˣֻҪħĵ֣ǴĿеӢۡ½ľ˷ܵ˽㼯һ˻Ŀķ΢Ц
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ŷƵҶչ֮ʱŽУʱû֣ѱѡأħһս˭Ҳֹ
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ӲţͻȻƿȥɣҲģΣŷƴͻȻڷɶȴͻȻ޵ױϡ
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Ҷȴ俴ħһۣŵȴŵʲôΪذɣ
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⻹û꣬ҶߵЩɫģɵͷ͵һ񱬼䣬ΪʮħѸݵĳҶ˹
ýܶԸңǾʹشˣ˵Ҷڵƣͬʱģ͵͵ĺȵѰɣգ
ĵͺȣҶ͵Ļӳ콣ʱΪģħȫˣ⻹û꣬Щħ콣âٴδʢͷ·ƬռȻռ籩籩ڿռȫˣ
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һ㾲ţãǾ֮Ծ춯ذ㱬ҶЩϵ˶ʮо˵ڵأʹʧЩҶйصŮ˸ǵʡ
ŷơԽǵɴ۾Ŵ죬ҲôˣǲŻô֮ʧں½Ȼס
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ͻȻʮ´󺺣ֳУ֡
ʮ٣иаݽľ壬ʬһ㣬ŮҲ᳤ޣ棬ֻҪ߳Уǵĳ̻𡰰ɡسϣ˱̹ԹԵ߻ȥ˿飬ȫʹࡣ
ᾪ귽ֲֹּ֮֮Ĺ£һĲ֪ᵽɤˣһ֮УֻиţģģģȴҲδ뵽ϻСˡ¡
ˣͻȻ뵽ħĿʬ֮ͷǷëĪħôôܳЩ佩ľȴҲˣˣܱ˱޸ϣΨһĽͣЩ˶ħū
ֻǰŮһӣʮ˱Ҳȫͣ½ŲһŮĸ̾ߵˣǾЪЪɣص˭ǵģôûͷ
һŮ£̾ЩħūɲÿƣһǷɣǾͿɶҪ군ˣ治֪ҪǽЩħūȥ۹ʲô
ͻȻһЦӵ˵۹ѴĳЭ飬Ҫ۹Ļնȥţ˵ЦЦ½֧ЩĿļһȻΪѵ˽֮£ǲ˼飡
ǸŮЦ֪ʲôû˲Ϊôߣһ㣬ЩϹﵱȻֻܲҪ˲ǣǻϱ˵
˵һӣӵЩħū̺ħҺֻŵմһǰ㣬ҪΪһѪʮħūͬʱΧסڵľ綾ŵҲҪճ
е˿û뵽۹ħ֣ȻҪȥţǱĩô
Ҳ벻Լзܣеľϲ֮飬ȻȴҲδ뵽ϾħūԶˣһĸƻλ£˵ʲô⡭
뵽в˿˿⣬ҺôҲý֪ͨ磬˱˵ĵһһתʱУŵ£ԺôǴûᣬܷŹҽȫ̽ףٻȥʱϱ飬ÿúܡ뵽ǰƺѿƼҶǳԾı飬Ҳ¶΢Ц
ֻһСİŮʱˣǻ߰ɣ֮ǰǾ͵ýЩħū͵Ҫˡһ˵ʲôڻ»ûпʼȥҲûá
Ů̾˿絽ܱȳٵĺã߰ɡһӣ·ǰУʮħūԹԵĸ߳֡
ȻԭҪȥϣֻҪһǵϳһҲܲˡʱ׳־һ뵽¶£ȴˣ£ûʵֻֿԡ
Ϣĸٶȥʱͻһ߳վסϸ߳԰дӰȻԶ߳ȴࡣ
вȻԹԵվסȴ̧ͷֻ֮Уһ޶ƣͷƾƽŮв١
һȣЩ˿ȫҪɳ˹ˣֻһۣĿҲ᲻뿪̾ŮӼˣӼǱֵǺãֻ·߲ˡ
ǹһۣŮģ
ЩħūİŮҲ֪ΪʲôһŮЩŮӵı飬۲תЦȻǲ֪Ǿֻɱ
ǻ˱ˣʱֻ޴ˣҲǼˣʱͻǣͻȻ󺰵ңǿ֪˭ôʲô⣬˭ҲˣߣŰɡ԰գģվʱ¶Ц
ⷬһ³ͻȻҲɫݺݶһۣһֵ˭
㱾ܲţҲ㣬ṫңҾṫЩĪҪˡ
ͷṫЩϤ
ЦȻϤжԶԶʡôܶûˣ
ǹҲδ˵Ů޾׵ϣ¶˾֮ɫͻȻüһᣬͻȻһ˿˻ǵЦúӣᣬû뵽ЩǡùҲһ£ԽŮӣĳԽǶ񶾣ҲԽǴ⻰ƭƭ˻ԣҪƭңȴЩˣ
ߵôӲ
ȻЦúӣ֪㲻Ҳ֪ǱܵģƩ˵Ϊ¥ֻǲ·ڴϣٲУͽ͸ū
˵¶˱ԣҲǿװأ˫䣬ҲҪҲҪ
ˣùԹԸңǵܣ֪˶٣֮⣬˭֪
Ҳ֪ʲô֪
΢ЦĲ֪ôá
ĵ̲ס˻ѽٲټˣδˣͻһЦԿд
ߺˣ˫ü΢΢һ壬ɴУһ˫覴õ㣬΢㣬ͻȻƮ
ȻѾͷеĸ磬дģôܲ԰գǹһ٬ЦӺ󾹱һ¡
־ŭȻתһȫľж㣬תӣﻹӰʱӺֱ˵һ£һ¸˲ãӶˣһ٬֮ЦǧȻ
û˵⹬һȭ˹ȥȴ˸գתӣȴѵһ£ЦںˣȫܶˣҲӦܺú˵ˡεȴǷǳͳ뷽ˡ
־ֺŭκδʱȫ£Ҳƶ˿
ʱҶֳ·Щħūһۣ΢ЦƾЩҪҶħҲδ̫С˵㣡԰գͻȻɵǰЦûٰɣ
ˣͳˣ˭˵û٣ڶҪˣҧأͻȻ˳ȥʮôӰԽԽ죬ҶЦ±ӣֻøȥ
αܣζһ㣬ʼձһӰǧ򻯣Сң·߰˸ƵģʱҲ˲СͻȻʲôôôӰ
ҶٺЦɫ˵һ¡
ֻ촽£촽ڲϣȫͨ˵㣬ĵ׸ӿһԽȻҶҲҲ㲻ˣʵûа룬תתͻȻЦҲˣҪһ£
ҶŪһЦҪһ¡ѾͷҰɣ
۾ݺҶһţ˭Ҫ㣬㵽ײס
Ҷ±ӣ૵ŮӵĻ䲻ţ㡭ҺôһΡ
¶˿һЦ⣬ע۾ôģȴЦǿѽ
ˣֻǰһҶӰǰþȫ뽫е˳ȥ֪컹δſѱҶôסӣС졣
ҶʹһŹЦŮӵĻȻţҺϵĵˣѧԲ١Ʊץס޷ѣβ㣬㡭
ǺǡˣҪ죬ߣȥ۹Ҷᣬֱӳ۹ȥ
ʱ۹Ϊ׼Ļ£ݱĽţɾʱ
ЩϲϸСүһö֮дӰһӰ䵽˵ϣһĽŲ֮ҶӰ¶˳
ˣŵ۹еЩĿһתĶŴſڵķ
Ҷһǣ֣߽Ĵ֮Уʱǰˣ֮У˵ĿͬʱˢˢһתȫҶϡ
ԳûǷǣǶ½£ŵҲԲ˰ɣ
¿ɾˣģ治֪Ǵ޿ɾҩʲôƾ裡֮ڱС۷׷ף½֪жŽ֮ŵȴûףβ
뵽ҵǶϼѣ˵֮ˣһᣬΪʲôҪһԼŵŵĶȥĪɣ֮䣬ǰʲôΪĳ޲ɡ
㵨Ӳ٣ȻҶһͻȻһŭȣӰһһ˻ΪһӰһȭҶ
Ӧʥ漶һΪǴﵽ񾳽磬ʥݵˣǴģһȭǻƿХ֮һȭ֮֮Уͬ쫷ɨһ㣬ԽһıǶĶᡣ
һȭϣֻû˿Խӵסɣܶ˵ﶼڰ²ҶʲôʽȥֵһȭȴҲֻ룬û˸˵Ϊʥ滹ǹ˼ֵġ
ɵһȭʱҶȴվԭضҲ˶֮ʱ
ᣬȵңֻһᣬһֻסһһ֮䣬ѻ䵽档
ʱȻңʥ֮ʱ֪ʱվڴſڵҶȻͻȻ֮ƾʧ۹ʥȫһȭգеѹҪѪ
ΪҪħ繴ᣬԸţ̧ͷҶɨλһۣĵ
ߣѪˣСӵӲСȻˣԼλ绽Ѿ˫࣬ȻѾŭ
ҪҵҶЦЦֵ׼Сʣֶһʣ֪ҵδޣȻޣɶ£ȻҡĴػ壬иϼ壬ΪһɷŹǣ򣬺ߣӦ֪ʲô˵Ҷһ䣬
öĿҵҪ⼸㾿ѧЩʲô˲õͨȻʱ½ҶΪɲ⣬ħ֮ħ֮֡
λȴǸոճزã봫Ŷʧʵ֮ˣҲòмֹ˼ɣɵҶȻԴ󵽽ǷϼΪʱλôܵˣ
һ˸һ֮Ŀ׳ϣһӣһĻƽƿնƽˣȻԶΧŵɿתȦ䵽С
׷ֲ㲻ԸˣҶЦЦһһȥҶ߽ЦһȻӶлƽ𽣣һƿսâͻȻԽзɳΪһҶֱ
Ϊ񾳽ܺ½ôǷĽâҶЦЦҲܣָһצǵâץȥ
Ҷһצȥƿƺڴ֮еÿ˶ܹһצеĹ켣ȴĳֹ켣һַǳģĸоû˵塣
ͻ꣡һ죬Ҷһצƺǵâȴƺ׼һ㣬ֱҶֻնȥ
ʱҶͻȻЦһһָͷһУȻǵâסˣ׷ͨ飬ҶסȻܲģǵâƻһ㣬ҶŤŤȥͼҶա
ߣʵҶǵâ֮һȴϣһ֮еǱƽ𽣶ʱȻʧɫˡ
ҶЦЦ̧ͷȥʱ֮һƬžҲʱһڵϣҲͬһ㡣
ָ͵סһǿߵȫһǻ׷ġһĻ˵ֻ𾪣ԼۿǾԲܹ˵ز
׷ȻҲ⣬ڸոյõƽʱѾѪһ˿ϸ΢ʶƽ֮С
ҪշһѾϹķֻ취һɱԭˣӤǷȻ֮ڶǿĨȥе飬ַֻֻ˵ûȴû뵽Ҷȴ¶ôһ֡
ʱͨҶסƽ𽣵Ľ飬ָ΢˲䣬ͻȻȫһ𣬽žȻҲ˿ӦԼĽ飬ȻԼԼϵʶҶᵯ֮£ѱĨȥˡ
Ǵ֮еɲ⣬ԼԶ֣Щ˵ĿֲʵĻ˿Կһ·ӡ
ӣӵ˵˻û꣡һͻȻڵĶ𣬵ֻһᣬһһֻ־Ȼƾճ֣һצסԼʺҪ
ɫӰһҶƾճڵǰ˿̣ҶһֻŵʺһȻ֮ɫ
㡭Ѳǿߣʺۣǳ֮ɫֵ֮ʣҲ˲ʲô棬еǰ۲ʶ̩ɽҪǷϼΪС㻹ȥ죡
˵ѾˣܵҲӦܹˣҲӦÿ˰ɣʵȴˣƻԽãԽֻҪܹȥЩǰ̬¶Ҳˡ
νĮԣֻԼĳ̬Щ߸ߵԣ֣ⷬǵûҶһ˿øУӱָ΢΢һҶ׼ŤĲӡ
ǰһмҪԸȤ֮ϵƺִ˼֣ŲԵĸϽ˵ǹħֵ£
ħ£ʲôܣ˵⣬һҲǲܣҶ΢΢һ٣üͷƭңѣ
⡭ܣֹ֮У֮ڣȷʵЩʱˣĻֿ֮ȻܣҶȻԸˡ
ʱ۸պһ伮˽龰ҶһץֱץŵȻǰ̧ͷ˴
£ˣǶΪ֮ɣɨɨ쳣ֿۣ˿֮ɫıͣҶᣬЮŵڿն
Žʽ£´壬Ǿ˼˻ˮߣΪŶԸĿ꣬ԸǲҪκνߣ֮ġ֮ǰɣԽԽԶ֮УҶᡢѾʧ
ʥ˴ɽҰأҶ΢΢ʶӦ¸ûʲô쳣׹Ҷɽͷ֮⽫ڵϡ
Ȼſзһ⣬һᣬһԶʣһڵ㣬֮󣬾ǻΪ䵽Ϻ»ΪҶϴʲô£
ҶȴûҪܲȺ鵺ɨɨ쳣ĵֿ˿üᣬҶһЦ
ҲҪֿˣ磬һߺ֪㲻Ҳܵģ¶СŮ˵̬Ҷ
ɵѾͷֲʲôбҪôҶҡҡͷЦЦȥ£ʵڲ㣬ԣú鵺ϵţҺܿͻȥģ
ϴҲô˵ģˣȴǼ궼ļͻȻ飬ҼҶһʱ̲סҪӦ
뵽ȥĵطʵڲܴᣬֻóʹ˸ɫ΢΢ԥһ£ǳˣͷϵһ£뵽֣һʱʱ赹ҶС
ЦҶϴλСԺҪ鷳ɵðҿţ
һˣֵܣ˵ЩʲôҶ򣬰οģҲϴҿţȴ˺ÿŮ˷ʱɱ컹ݣ浽ʱֻίˣ
ȴû֮жһͿϴ仰ҾͷģҾˣ԰գᣬֱȥˣֱ˵Ӱʧʱ
ҶͻȻתŵʲôܣ˵ɡΪ飬Ҷ˼Щңʱýһ˵ϣһԲϼ̶֮⡣
ǰǰɣһģµµ˲ͷϵĺ飬Ͻ˵ǲҪħȥҾ֪ȥħ·
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ǰ֪ʮħϵôȻҶĶ࣬ʵȴ̫ԶοҶУȻֱӳƺҶˣֻܼǰ֮
ʮħĹϵȻҶ֪ʮŲ룬ȴûʮħʲôֱӵĹϵħʮ֮è壬ȷʵ
ഫǰ½ħʵйϵһԿ֣ߺԶʼͼıԷǰʵǷһսⳡս˺ܾãһЩħˣ½˸ħĴ˳½ʱЩ½ĳЩˣĳЩ·ǧ˿ƵĹϵԶ
ܡҶ΢΢һӣ˵ĻЩжţԲôȤ㻹˵˵ܱܰɣ
бһҶ龰΢΢һϽǳЩħˣô귢չǳһɷǳһʮ֮Уʥ棬˵ħˣ
ʮҵʥ涼ħˣͻŴԣҶһͻȻ㲻ңҲħһӰɣ
ûбҪ׵ͷ˵ħˣҲ˵ҪТħ˭ĺô󣬾Ϊ˭£
һͻȻô̹ѵлʲôܣҶĿڵϣкâһһʵĻ֡
ȲҪŭҪ˵ȷʵЩйأܵҶǿֲķĻҶ˼Ͻ˵ЩߣΪֺħʮ˾һôͨٳһʱͨȻ½ͨȴδ½֮УѾ˵Ѿ֮ˣҧҧȻ˵ǰ
֮Уѵħ飡Ҷѿʵ
׼ȷ˵ͨӦ½ħĳв֮Уʱϲ½֮ĳյһ֮УȻķһռѷ죬һΪ˱λѣռѷͨȴѷ쾹Ȼͨħ硣
ռѷʲôطҶЩϲ⣬Ͻʵҵħֻͨ岿ôһ⣬ȴûֹпͨħͨ
ҶΪǿд岿Ǳߵͨħ磬Ȼ£ôҲħǿߵΧɱڽ֮ͨʱħǱߵǿߣͻȻͨٵͼпʧʱС
Ҷб£Ҳܳˣ
ʵǸ˵ֻͨռѷѣʱշ籩ǳֲΪۿֻ񾳽ħ޴ǿռѷ֮б˦˳ֻʱѾȥʱˣ˶٣˵
ֻҪͨħУҶɨ۵Ȼãǵطڵĵͼңҷһ·ƭңɣɫһҶֽ⿪˵ϵĽơ
ɷ񣬵˶΢΢һͳһʯǵͼ֮󼴿̹ĵݸҶ˵ǱͨȡħΣȴֻˣʱ˿̣ޱȣΪףʱҶˣֻ˵滰ܱԼ
ӹʯɨʯ֮еĵͼһۣҶڵԼΪ֮ΪˣҸطúɣ԰գҶ˳˲֮С
ҶŵӰ̾ϢһԼӦҸطúȥˣǰ׷̫಻ʵʵĶͷԼֵõʲô
գһʧԭأ
Ҷõ͸ĵͼֱӳ½ıǷȥ
½ޱ޼ʣʵȻʼնиͷֻǺȥˣ˳űһֱǰͽǧ֮ңһԨĵطƺѾ½ľͷڡ
½֮ΪԸ֮߶֪طȴһֻΪԨ쳣֮ߣƽġ
һ˵֮أ챦ԨȴǸ⣬ƾǿʵ棬ҲųˣȴֿտգҪ˵챦ƽһĲϣҲûһ
ÿʱЩ߶ֻҡͷЦͬʱ΢΢һ֮ɫȴһֲᡣ
һ͸Գ˻Ԩգǲεأûͼ£ʱһãҲˣϾðȻ̫
ΪߣܾܿͻΣգ˴ĸȴû˿ջֺľٶ˭Ըһ̽ԣһ̵ĵط
һգֻ֮а׹һһһµ˻ڻԨ˲˵Ҷ
ϼһûƭҵĻǵռѷطˣǱһ֮Ԩ֮ڣҶ΢΢üͷ
Ԩ֮У죬һССĿռѷ첼ߣһȻȻȻǻԨڵҶоһѹӭϮ͸һ⡣
Ԩ֮оȻЩôϸСĿռѷ죬˵ͨħĿռѷ죡Ҷһȡǿ¼ͨǿռѷڵ·ͼ
ʶ棬ɨ˼ֱۣŽЩ·ȫ֮ǿʯϺɫâһʢԥ̤ǻԨ֮С
Ԩ֮ڣɵһƬΧͿУҶĿҲֻܿΧʮɷԲ֮ڵ龰
ֲǣ֮Ҳ֪ǺȻʶĿӣʶӦΧڻԶԶȲԼĿԶ
ֵҵǣȻԨ֮кѹҶĿǰΪҪֵѹҲɵĺܣˣҶҲһСԨ֮ȥɲ﷭ʲô⡣
ԨԽǰߣѹԽ󣬵Ҷ뵽ɺѹѾʮ˵տʼһڵ߶оܳĻ񣬾ʥǿҲоѹǳ
ѹôһֱ˸ٽѹͺʲô˳ܵסҶ屾ǿǳټڤ󣬸ʹǿ˾޴ı䣬Ȼоѹ󣬵ֵɡ
Ҷȴףֻѹ󣬾Բôɥڴˣп϶ʲôΣٴǰɺҶǰͻȻʵĳ˶·
ͻȻֵ·û˿ԥҶ̤ױ·Ϊǵͼ֮˼صģҶѡΪ֮£˵ѡ
ɾʱֻ꣡һ
Ҷո̤ͬʱǲ·֮һӰͻȻ𣬻Ϊһͷڵħޣֻ̹˸ȭͷС۾֮׹䣬ŭһſѪ죬Ҷһҧ
ڳħˣҶһߣָһһâֶͷħ޵Ķͷ֮ϣֻһҽ쳹Ƭռ䣬ͷħһֻȡ
Ԩ֮пռƬݺᣬһЩֵħҲȻֻǲ֪ǷΪ֮ħеĻǵЩ鷳ҶԼɱħ΢΢üͷ
ԸЩһʶȤҪԼȻҪһɱ¾ܴﵽħ磬յͼʾҶ񣬷ɿԨĿ
ȻԽԨģħҲԽֵҵǣЩһҲܸߣֻɱ¾ޣۼУ֮زز⵹Ҷʡ˲پ
Ҷ߼ħҲֻֻڵЫӶѣֻЫڰ͵ϮҶһΣҶڤ潫ǰצΪҽ󣬳˴֪Ҷ˲ǣһֱûгˡ
ʵ̫࣬˿ͷҲǿǿͨǵħûͨǵҰ޵ĸ
ʱҶȴЩɻͨͼʾŸոһ룬;Ȼڵħ·ǰϼһģѵԨǷĳֱ仯
½ܴﵽ񾳽߲࣬Ԩвٴﵽ񾳽ħǽ½Ǻǲ롣
ҺϹ߲˸ҪȻôֻѲ֪жħҪǱ뵽½ˡ
·֮Ͼ֮󣬾һǵͼûĻǵռѷںһߣԽԽӽǿռѷ죬ҶԽС
СģǶԵģ
ֻ໣һͺһźڹ⾶ֱҶȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬һһӣ콣һź⣬źڹ⣬кڹ⣬Ȼһ죬ֱӽźڹɢ˿
ڹɢ֮ϣһֻι״ħ߰İͷҶͷħ￴ƽϻƺֻ࣬ͷѣһֻͷɫһֻͷɫȫ֮ϣҲɺںɫɡ
ǺɫĻͷ컹΢΢ſţδպϣȻ֮ǰ͵ϮҶĺڹɫͷ
˫ͷҶɵ΢΢һԼ֮ǰֻڵЫ˫ͷǿ̫࣬ȻѴﵽ񶥷ľ磬񾳽磬Ҳֻһ֮ң
ֻҪ磬Ҫ㣬Ҳ鷳Ҷȫâǣ콣֮ϻ磬콣ƺܵһ֮С
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ͷ·ħҶŵͼָķǰУȻҶҪ߳ĴռѷͨʱԸоһԵѹָС
ʹӣֹƺһ֮أƺܶɢһѪȵζĪ˶
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ҶоϵĻ·һһ㣬εս壬ͬʱЩ纣ˮһ㣬ȻʼڵѪȵֲֱȴеѪҪ¡
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԰գ֮ͻȻһ貵ĹâһϯӿƬ޾ʳֲ⻪ӵر۵˿УһʼۼʼӿҶڡ
ҶƮڰУʼĬĬЩŷʧЩҺѪֲڿٿήţãã޾ĹֲڿʧˣֻһƬƬήĲл֦
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Ͻұ죬ֱүˣҶһȣ쳹ϿգɾƽĺһһڿĳֱƬ𶯲ѡ
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Դȱ֮ȰЧϷֻöˣȻʵ󲿷ֶħԣΪħū֮ȻϷǾԲɱֵġ
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һΣͻȻһǾӰǿһʱһε𵴲ɢܼĽӰԲ״˵ȥ
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ҶӰʧ૵Ը˷˽绹ٳҵ԰գҲһһû˿УʲôҲûһ
Ҷˣǰ֮·ɭҶУ⣬ʱĺɫأԵУͻȻֳһư׹⣬һյƣǶڰ֮УͬڤɽУ԰׹⣬ȴһ㡣
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Ҷڸ߿֮ϣȻ·ɽڣһԪһ߶Ծ˵Ϊǿﵽλľ磬ԭʼɭУǿߣҶһ˷ܣԼҪǴԼȥˡ
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ͷݺӽеǧ˺úֵܣһǧ㻹ȣͬе˵һҪҺ
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ħ˫ָ󣬻Ŀһɨ췢һ׶δɵеϸ۵ѵĸϼһﻹܾһãϻ˵ҵģǿȻϲͷöϤλ㣬ħ𲻻档
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ҹĸˣ֪жٰȥӦǣֻҪһСģκһϣɾˡ
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ҶЦƫаҪԿﲻϷ˵մҡھŵһǣѰһǽ
ҹǱſڣںڰ֮Уŵſڣϰڽ˺ڰ֮Уǿ㷢ʹ
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ʼûתǳ̾Σ֮ʣûȤȥҶֹ

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ҹȴţȻôƽ̬
ħ仯Ӻǰ䣬Ʈ޶ɼڵĹ㳡߿ɹȺţѷߣŹ֡
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⿴ǼķӣЩŴԱߵĲ輸ӡܣ˵ʲôԾ֮ҶҲǺúüһ
Ȼ䷿ӳС֮⣬˿ҶÿˡոµģģͷǶëģģ裬ģģǸɾģϸµġ
ÿúܣûжû塭ҶǲġţľƳɣûʲôرǽǽҲģʣֻǼͨӣǺ˵
Ҫߣʱ߳ȥ
ҶڷˣЩЦԼĶģԼǿ壬ͱضǰȫģ˵ҲҹȻΪħµģҲӦûк֮⡣
뵽ľɳˡǡоһŨصƣ֮⣬̡֫ղĴħͷίʵ˲ȻҲἱҸطϢˡ
ůĴ˿̶ίʵ̫գܿܣҲ뿹ܡϴ̶ȵڤ֮СҲ֪˶ãͻȻڤоѡ
ֻһġꡱǷ˾䣬ɳһԾ𡭡һǰƽ͵ģ˿ı䣬ԻľףЩ֡
ģͷϸ룬ȥҲ벻ҹʲôҪĵطһҲ벻벻ҹȻẦɲܱ֤ȥ
˿̣ȻЩƣǻָ˴룬֫鶯磬Ҳ裬ûжļ
ˣȻǰȫúܡǣᷢ˾סЩ֣ЩҲЩЦ
ʱͻȻһ
죬ȴʮ֣ǲʳɣҶǷ紵֣һʱ䣬治ʲôҲʱֻͻȻȣƣǰһɲǡ
ΪʲôʲôҶѾб䣬һܳš
һ֮£ž˿δľţѱ淴סˡ
ֻǣľţܹصסҶ
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ҶɫЩˣȴλţǷŤǸդһɺɫĻѵľ˽͵Ļƣúÿ죡
ҶȻһ˼ΪͻȻܵգҲɵñǹɺڻƱƵú˼
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ҶȻ֪ǻյֻ滹һĻ棬ҪһĻ棬κβɫĻ棬ȴһļµĸо
ֺɫĹֻƽǵһ棬ѽŶ
ҶɨǽһۣһģʯǽڣĽһģҲˡǽڼ䣬Ҳڵĸդһ̾˽
ǸդȴղƲġԸդĹȴ޷ԸդӳȥûκһԸդӳȥֻդ϶֮䣬ᷢĳصڵĹ
Ҷ޷йǾ˼ǵĶƣ޷Ķƣȣûһܷºûһӱܡ
һʹʵСӳ˵ȵĵ
Ҷŵȴ亹Ȼǻ˫ȻѲ֪˶ٴһߵΣʱ˿̣ȴҲ벻κ֮ƣۼֻб
ЩդҲ֪ʲôģʱĹȻҲٲĪɣҲģֹҶǰĹؼ̵ĳ̶ȣֲľˡ
ʱӶûûҶ֮ءһϮʱҶܳܵˣʱһϹľ֮ҪΪҽ
һ֪˶ã֮ڼ䣬Ҷȫû춯ĪϢˡ
ãһƮỽҶҶûӦһƮݵͻȻӰƮƬ𺣾þò
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һŮӵ̾ȥˡǰڹгֵǸŮͻȻҲƬ
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λŮӵڣԽˣô
Ůԥһ󣬿ڵٵȵȡκҶϢûˣһֹͣ˺ʧȥϵϢȻˡ
ŮƵҶôⲻܹңֻܹԼΪʲôҪħ磬½úôţǺܺôȻˣȴȻŵҪĶࡣ
ͻȻƵԶԶЦλֳȥʵǴһħأ͡԰գһϮǳ
Ůתͷɨһۣڵǽ㶪ȥħҲ˵ʲôġ
ЦȻȻֻ֪ӦòôɣҶûʲôطԲסǡ
ŮӵҶҲûʲôطԲסǣ෴жһǶ˻Уɴ˿ɼŮ£ûеɽġ
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Ƶǣǣϣϡ
Ůӵ֪ΪʲôҪɱҶ
Ц£Ī⣬ܲµģֻ¿ɱҶĺܡ
ŮҲ¸㣬ΪԼʲô˶ɱġ
ƸЦ֮£¶ѾˣҲӦòüƽ˰ɣұͬΪħ𡭡
Ů߳סڡ
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һɫĻ棬ڲϵķǸ
ԶԶվŵĶƣҡ
ӰӰҲһǸŮӵиһ˿
ҶЦǧǣһʧȻݶʼ֮ʱҲǽºûȴ֮ʣ¾֮ʡ
ŮӰڲҶ㡭ħֱˡ
ҶЦȻħ磬ħǺƽĴڣȴֻԸΪˣӹĿתƣЦ˵ҲͬС
Ƶȿȡȿȡ
ҶЦƣǧã򲻸ãԶδȷǷʱ㽫ϨˣǿҪùˡ
ƸЦܵʲôùĪɣھɣֻҪ㲻ٴڻ㡣
⻰Ȼ˵֪ôģֻ˵ԼҲţҶҪûİգ;Բųݻһ㣬ġ


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΢΢һ䣬һںڰеŮҲβȥһ
Ҷȴȥû¶ʲô֪һ㡣
ȻҲ֮ززҶĳޣʵڲԸᣬ΢΢һҧЦԡ䵽ϣǰһ
ҶͻȻЦ±ҲǸˣ֪ȴδöôЦͻ٣ĿӶƣʱٲûߣ֮ʣӦ֪ʲô
⻰Ʋס˽Ų
Ҷӵ㲻֪ʲôֻҪûһգʱһãͻôǰܻٵЩդҪٵȴ׾١
ĬȻΣ¶ɭɭ׳ݣ⻰Ҷƭõˣȴδƭĵ£ҶҶƵĽ֮
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ˡδˣͻһЦ֮ԿдЦ֮УӰһһ˹ҶЦѡ
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ѩ˻˶񶾵ˣħ˭֪ΪʲôͻȻ䣬ƹضǾ壬˵ͳַٵǵȻǷų˹ħǸħͷǴɱǵˣ
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ǣҶŶ߳˻ߡ棬ѱһ޴ɽ֮
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ҶҲЩǱȴʢƵĴϢδƽѴվ߰ɣ
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Ҷ˵Уǵù͸Ȼʹ˻ӲˡҹƼ붨ˣֻҪһվ۾Ҳ˿
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ߣɲҪ˵̫ͷŶԴİħУҶüһЦص
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ڰħеУҲǵˣЩӡ΢΢ͣƬ̺˻ƵӰħпд֮ʣһȦصĹ͵бһ㣬ɢ߾ͷ
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λսǻģɭһЦħеʧŮӰҲʧڤ䶢Ҷһۺ󣬲ͻأʧ
Ҷ˾ɻ֮ʣâٴǰľѾȻת䡭ããɽ˾޴ĿյأңԶܿһӴЩֲĲ֮䣬Ĺ˿˿׹ϣȻС
ҶãȻӣתͷӡеģһ޴ɫ֣֮Уɢ޴ϢϢʹǸǿȫһҲ֮
ӭǿԳΪ֮򣡡ҶãȻ֮ʱһЦȻ쳹ء
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񡭡ռûộ˵ǼһҲûʵҶҡҡͷֻǰץץȴֻ˺һѷ졣
ⶫʲôϢôأᡣԶռΪӴĹɭ֣ü
ҶЦҡҡͷŶͷ֪ΪʲôиĪͷѾħˡ˵ȴԳȷϣﲻħ磬أ
Ī̾һҶ̧ͷȴǼҲһĹŹ֮ɫɵһ㶣ɫ䣺ǲҲͷɣ
ȷܹ졭ҲͷŹֵĵ˵ͷƿ˿Ҷ֮󣬾ȻҲ¶ͬı顣
Ҷ΢ţɫطȷܹŹˡ֮䣬ЩĬ֮Ҷųһֱȥǰ취һȥ̽̽ɣ
šŶˣǺһ𣬻Ƿɢߡ۾Ȼһ飬˵ҪԸֻҶһˣҿɲһ
ߣ˵⻰ֻѾˣԣһߵҪΪħͷȥħУɱǣеЩƻɣ
⻰Ƶص˵ͷҧºˣ˵ܴħ¶ˮҿΣҪˡȭͷգɫѿ
ˣҲԹˣҪ·Сүͽˣǻ۵õ˵Ҷ͵Ļ˻̧֣ߵľͷһƬڣҾȻʶҲ̽ⲻһΡ
ܵҶͷƣüѯʵ̽⵽Щڰĵ𣡡
УЩڰĵطЩŹ֣ʶ첻ȥҡҡͷ
ģҿǧɢˣ̾ϢҡҡͷͷĲԽԽŨһӣǰȥҶһۣ˭û뵽Ȼ顣
ɾʱǰͻȻƮһź΢΢һ䣬ѾǰƵ֮ʱѸ󣬽ܵ·סˡ
ǣһǰһ󣬶Ȧ˺֮Уһ󷭹˶ʱ˿羪֮ʱȴͻȻߡ
ʱɫȥƤµתĬ˲һ̹򡭡Ȼ䣬뵽ʲô飬㱣̧ͷ죬˸ڡ
һʱӰζǺɫ½ݹޱȣûϢһ͹ڶǰ龫ת
ɻ󣬺Ƶ˭֣
⻰һ䣬󺧵ǰͨϢ⽫ģ
ʣû˵ֻ俴ܵĺ˵Ļػһ˲ǰħл
һתԭ˼ңɣӦվ𷽲תгȻ̳һ˺ģ·봩ֽ͸ĶҽжûüС
˼״ߣһӣ⣬жˣ¡Ѫͷ䣬ˣޱȾޱȡ
һԲЩ˵ʬ嶼ٽ󣬴ѳƣһ׸磬ǿߣٲһҲˣ
ĪɫޱȣȻǶǶЩħе˶ģһѿڵƻ߻ģʱİħǲҲˡ
ɭɭǻ쵰òҪټħУʼΪ˵Цû뵽ȻŰħУ˽³ֶԸңߣߡ˵ղ磬첽ǰ
߳һ̣ʵҶȥɣ
ߵҸƨħħͷֶԸձӿСˣߣȥ˻ֻǰ׷ǳᣬɣ
ЦҶҪô׾ɱˣҲˣ㲻ȥȥ԰գ˺֮С
ƽ²ͣԥݺһҧ磬ôԽҪģӵһħеҲĵط˵ȴ׷
ͷһ΢΢һЦͷƣⱲѵ£һ
һҪ༥һԾЦ˵ǣƣٺòˣ㣬ǰħ׷Ҳɻظ˼ˡ
ɲǼ䣬ƻѪҺƳһ㣬˫źƶӣڵϣҲɫұ䣬ֻǰ·Ӱһħб˫֣Цң
ƸЦһɬ벻ôˡ
ħЦЦ˵벻ĳȴ뵽ˣСޣŲţ
Ƴһס񣬵˼㣬Ҷ壬˵㵽£ȴǲš
ħ΢΢һЦǰ˵ЩټúкҾ֪طħ£ȴϲ˿취ȴ֪ɱˣ϶ҲµĽƣֻҪ˻ţĳұܸ֪һЩסˣҲˣС쵰һĳʱ֪췴ˡ
̾˿ħдЦģޣĳĴԹˡ
ƿЦҶƵ˵زָֻһ棬硣
Ц㻹ǹԼɣҵ»
磬ǺαˡƿЦ
ȵС£ķݶ̶̧ͷħħķϣϣ󣬲ҪΪڵĲ䡣
ħдһۣЦǲ֪Ĵħ֮УҰħôھȻ飬뻢ıܳɹ΢΢һ٣ֵֻҪҶС־ܣұһ
־ŭѿڵɡ
ȴһ֣ʲôһ
ħеȻȫ컯
ƳĬΣЦħһԲ΢Цעӣƶһϲģ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ôϻ𣿡
ħɭЦҵ֪֮ǲʵֵģΣҲҪһ¡
ٺ٣Ȼ֪ˣٲãСүҪˣƹЦЦȫȻһһ˫ȭȼܻ˰ħС
ȻģҲϲ˹״ǰҪֹǰӰһΣħȻһӣӿӲ˻ȥƶһƣһ΢΢ЩȵĿ˶һۣ󵹷˹ȥ
ʱѴӵվǰԮȴƵǰΪ֪ħеȼ֮Ҳֻħƴ˸ƾУħн֣һв֮ǡ
޺޶һ½ţƻ⣬Ҳ΢΢ЩżͬʱҲڴҶϣܳȣҪȻ֮ǰҲ˵ôϻʱˡ
ƻԽԽСʱһͷ𻢣èС֪֮վ֮ʱǰħг֮ʣҲǱ֮ʱ
˾ȣû뵽СӾȻĽʱԼֵزħĵ֮ʱ΢΢̯˫֣һõڳɫĿֲƣĴɢ
ҰǶ˰ɣһڵܹˣ촽ħЩʵĶƤĶơЦ
һг΢΢ֱָħУ˵ƨˣػɳɲ֮ٱ̬Ҳɱҡ
Ǻǣػֻǻ˵⡭͵͵ЦЦħŤŤԴһѣ¶ɭɭݣֻ룬Ҳֳ飬һһɣػûЧ
˵ħ΢գɭȻЦʱѵռ̣
ͫȻһһƾķ֣Լα̣ڱڵȻҲڴ˿̣ͻأľֹ
Ǻǣ֪Ϊʲô˵ôϻôҪΪ˶ɵӣƣֺûУŶͫеľħ΢΢һЦһգһ͸Ķиֶ̤ŲħڶƵע£ߵǰĻеĶ̽¶΢Цһжˣ˵ôķϻӵʱ䣬ռȥɣжлȻһתɭĵ棬ŶƵĲӣն¡
ڰħû˿֮ĶƣԶͬɫұ䣬ƺѾܵǼ籡ĳѪˡ
ڵƲӽ֮ʱ޵Ŀռ䣬һϮȻ֣һֻ紩˿ռ谭صĲ˰ħЩʵ֮ϣӴľֱӽһ߷˳ȥ
ȥģôƨŸƨУҶһϮ۹ھδĶԸ֣䵭áõƬռ
ħһǱƬֹ̺ס̧ͷųڶԵҶͫ͵һôˣ
ҶĻһֽţڵգգתͷЦԲˣռҷЩ˿϶ˣԶ㡭
ٺ٣㾹ȻˣǱͲˣͷҲصҶħ˫ƻӳ׺ĳȰ׹⣬ǵصĳҶ˹ȥȻתӡ
ߣŰħгˣҶЦһ콣Ϊһ޴ĽӰ͵һɫ㣬һ˰ħ֮ϡ
ޱȵڶ̶˲䣬ʹðħеƣΪһƬ׹ǡ
ģϵľʹõðħбŭһһգһѹƾո֣ȻƲλݺ¡ƴ󴦶ѣİħУٴηӣģС֣ңգ죬һҪˣ
⼸Уӵħеĺ֮ʱŮڤħȻҲŭȴȰħ࣬ҶǿƵ󣬲ûж֣֮ʱת񱼣
ǼʧںڰеӰӣЩȻƬ֮ѸٻعǶϵɢҡҡЩԴܵڿкȻѣҶһۣĵʱϵҪˣ
ʱҶͷһۣǵɫԵЩ԰ףǿҸطˣ˺ú󣬾Ҹطȥȥϵһ֣ҶǿӶȥֻʣ顣
ʱһɭɭ֮С
ڤħҪǲ˵ҶСΪʲôȻҵ㣡ɭɭɭ֮Уħıŭ
ͻȻô֪ĪΪǷĲɣħŮĿһһҲڰħУص
쵰ħƵģô׾СӸˣںˣֻҪСţǾ͵ųǿ񱩵عɣԼǹͺͺ󣬰ħͷŭӿ
ˣⳡսѾˡŮĮĵھ֣ҲҶĶ֣ħڸڳǣԡ
ԣħڤħһŭһ䡭
ԣұ⡭ŮĻõ˰κ˵ĿⶼתƵϣüʵҪ˭ϣ
Ӧ˵˭Ӧ˵δӾŪЩϣŮɭȻЦݣͷ촽
վ꣡ħ۾һɣŭȵȱ˵ûħɣǲӦôˣҪȫЩҪٶʱ䣬ʱô
طŮ촽΢͸ɭԣҪ£³֮ôħʣҪ֪ЩΪħԼ׼ģðȻʹˣֻ³ܲŭ𡣡
ħ֣ħͷͫ΢ħкȻĳĬڤħһۣĵЩ֮˵ΪԽǵĴڣǿЩµ㽫ҶСʰ󣬻˳İҲˡ
ڤħüͷ΢壬ӹâû˵ŮȴҲ˵ϻʱ䲻࣬ԼѡɣңҶУ
ħгĬֻ֮úݺݵҧҧãһΣºð죬ȷʵΪħ׼ģðȻʹˣº׷Ҳһԣ˵ǻҪһˡ
ڤħĬΣüεĶǸ壿
ħкһȻǸСҶһ𣬾忪ˣ˵ľӦòȾ
ɾʱֻһҽУ
վŮڤħİħȴĺ˳֮Уʹ־壬õŮڤħ̲סİĿ˵
ȴֻħбϣҶЦͻȻ콣Ľħд˿ȴĵͷǴؿڴ͸һط⡭
ǺǣǸҪ翪ֻҪ±ӲпˡҶ΢Ц˿˿ɭ䣬΢紵ħͷĶС
㡭ôôܡѪ£ħмѵĲͷҶǷӣг֮ɫôҲţҶôͻȻһˣ⼸ǲܵ¡
Ҳʡڰħ³ֻѪ¡䣬Щ˻ƣħ˶ȫ뽫콣ƳڣҶ԰ѳֵ콣ԽԽԽ
ʱħ֮ˣҶһЦƫͷԶɫ͵ĺڤħ΢ЦƺҲϵˡδ䣬ֻŮͻȻһŽڤħ˹תܡ
ģŮӣ㾹ȻңѾЩ͵ĺڤħʱһʣ޴֮䣬Ҷֱֱ˹Ҷ˲ڰħ콣֮ӭԼڤħŭһ䣬æˡ
ںڤħ֮䣬ħеʶҶһУȫȥͬʱ壬Ҳ𽥵һħͷˣ
Щ͵ĶŰħѸʧȥ壬ڤͫһ˸˲֮󣬱ѿ˵ӣǹâȻǲ콣ǿ󷽿Ӷȥ
ںڤת񱼵ɲǣҶе콣ɭȻѺݺݵļ֮ϡֻ͡һ䣬ֶϣѪ죡
󱳿¶Ҷ۱ǶϱۡҧǿֹסʹڤֱӱʣҶЦһٴ׷콣ٴ˺ڤĺ֮ϡ
ֻ͡һһѪӺڤ˳ȴǽ͵Ŀһξ롭һƮѪ
Ϊʮȥ˾ţϣΪ֮žȻƴŶһۣԼȥ˲㹦ҲҪĺڤҶɵһ㵣û׷ɱˡ
ںڤһΪѲʥ磬һҲָΪҶһѶ˴ˣȻһԸ⸶ĴҶҲ
źڤԶȥıӰҶ΢΢̾Ϣһȥҵˣ˶ϢúٴǰС
һƬããֺ֮Уֻһ߿ι·ֺͬ˰ˣӶһ٣ͣϣĿ·ɨ
һҶһһ͵Ķһλڼɽз촦ĵشȥ´һº󣬱ǽϡ
Ƭ֮Ҷֱӳɽмϣһɨֻɽİ£һûаͨɽȣ͸ֵڣҰС
建Ư£ҶһǸңԶľ룬ȻܹᵽһŨ
൱ŨˣǸءҶĿ¶ϲɽȣƫͷ˻˻֣Ȼųɽ֮ȥɾλ֮ʱ
һȷȴǼż񾢷磬ȻҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ָһһָⱩӶصǵӰײһ
ֻ£һǵӰһУæˣҶһԭһͷͨڣ˫ħݣֻͷħȻҶˣȴԸȥǻϣҶ˷вļС
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յħݣٶ˫۶ʱͨ죬˫һֱͦͦĶź󷽵˶
ëôĵС·̤棬üͷ΢壬һӣһâƿնݺݵͷħ֮ϣ֮ë˲١
ٴػͷħͻȻһ¸£ĲҽУŵ˫ˡ
ͷħݷߣҶĿŻɨɽ֮УȻĿ⻹ոմɽȻͺһӰһͷͷͨڣ༫Ϊ׶һɢɷ֮ħӶת˲ǽҶŰΧ
Ȼǻħޣǲħţܵʲôüͷ΢ŽԼŰΧɷħޣɻСɽЩʲô£
磬֪ôһôаɨӣѵٺЦħ޳ħ£Ϊ²Σ
Ŀ⵭ɨΧͣܵЩײеħϣüһһѹɢǱħޣ˺Ƭ̣ŷ͵͵ĺٶȿ˼һۣ˿ȥ
ЩħڷǰңͻȻõһߣѹ֮󣬲Ųĵȥ¿ûô򵥡ĿЩ˿ħޣȴЩɻĵ
ǰǴأֻڿȴǴ׵ˡҶЦЦȻΪСɽͻȻôħ޸еȣҲδ룬ĿĴ̧ȶɽȥǰ棬һɸǿϢڵ
ƻϣǰĿⲻϵĴɨ֪ΪΣõое㲻̫ԾԼС̡
ɽԼĪʮӣҶǽȣһɨƼѵɽȵľͷֻھͷ֮һéСݣ͸żݹ졣
˵Ŀⶢéݣ߽ǽӽСéʮ֮ʱҶȴɫ΢䣬æȻӹһĨɻ󣬵Ҳͣ
ʱƫͷǶһ޶Ҷ
򲽣ǾҪ˵ˡҶһĻȣĿȴĴɨȴԽɽе˺ڵˡ
ҶĻ΢޳ָܶʱӦŸֱʵ׼ɾʱһâͻȻé˳ȻǶơ
㵽һȥҶԣɫĵͷǿҶĳôҶ̧ͷСéݣ΢Уһһɿ;бǷֱ𿪡
ɷȻ𿪣ǵĿһɨСé֮ȴǿտյûаӰ
ҶЦһȻٲھͽɽȻٵЦɽ֮лصݣΪɽڵĻԵʣʱԵøӺ
Ц£ԤеӰȴûг֣Ҷɫ콣Ȼģɽ֮ʣһ˻ͻȻΪͻأɽ֮
ҲûǣΪƫƫҪѰҵͷҶͫ΢΢һȻתĿԶ֮ϣһȫںɫ֮µӰ측֡
Ҷ΢ǵӰʶɢȻƬ̺ȴ΢üͷķ֣ʶڸӰла׾ʱҲ̽˿״ô״
Ѱ㣬ǸѰǣҶѸٻعʶֻܲ̽ܶˣ֮ϸһĨЦɱͣ˲콣Ȼһӣ콣âĻգֱӰ
СӻǿûԷʵ£͸ҳ֣֮ǺӰĮȻĿƳһҶе콣޷Զһǿҵڷ
һ˲䣬ҶΧЩӲݣȻʼۿɼٶȱÿή£ת˲ǳױÿݻƣʧ
ҲľˣЩħҲǴȡ֮Щ仯ȻӹҶĿ⣬ͫ͵һкȻһӦþͻħɣ
Ҷ䣬ǰ콣ŵĿһѵǺӰ˵ǰȻǿҲһڽǺӰ֮ȴǼĿʼ˷ֽ⣬䣬ҶһâȻǱֽ⣬Ϊޡ
߰ɣҲħҲΪУŽâƵжӹһĨ죬úӰϲƻӿʢ


988 ħŮ
˵ǾͲôһЦҶƫͷƵԶһ㣬ΪҲ£һսǿܻܵ
Ȼ˵ҶȴͷתغӰ˾˭ӵǿʵħ缮ԽɿƵӣҲûˣ⵽ˣ
Ҷ˼䣬֮еǵӰҶµĿʱɭ䣬һӣããǵصıӿֱӷƬռ䡣
ûߣ״Ҷкӿ֣һǶȻڰϣһգ콣ֶżһ㣬ǻΪһϸߣֱӰˡ
ҶٶȣǵӰ΢΢һȴȻû˿ȥĿĮȻҶӶΣȻһһ쳣԰ףȴ޳Ƴ֣УһĹ⼱ٷѸգʱ䣬ĹóĽ
ĽһӰһӣĽϢĶҶ˹
˫罻ӰģӣƬռ䶼ʯɣĽոڻ𻨱䣬һϸСѷѸӿܿͲ⴦ռ䡣
Ӱ˹ȻҶ˵һΪ£Ҷʩչ˾󲿷ʵ£ȻȻԽ£ҿǾƣŽֵơ
˾˭ȻܹҶһѷ£ɽ֮ӵӰҲӿһĨҪ֪Ҷʵֱ׷еħȴû뵽غӰˣȻܹ֮࿹⡣
ĺǿȻܺҶôãϵϢЩϤ΢üͷƸŶͷԴЩɻ
ЩϤԣһͻȻŴǵӰԹԣԭ˾Ȼû
ɻ˭
ħ֣֮ƴ𾪻ع૵ԵΪħһ֮ħֵħ۷Ŀɳںɽս˼켸ҹħʹý飬ŵʤԴһսħ۾ûֹˣԴҶΪһսУˣȴû뵽쾹Ȼ
ʱԭŭҶħ˶ĶԻ󣬲תͷȥħһսʧܵĳ裬Ĵɣһݱֻ䡰ߣһĿһ
ǱɵĹ⽣ټʸಣಣƿС˲仮գ·Ķȥ
ĹƸûʵֵҲûӶݣ˵ž֡
ҶתͷȥһֻһԻõӰٴ˹ٶ֮죬֮Щ͸Ĺ⽣Ҫһݣǰʱ콣һЩǵĹ⽣ȥ
һĻħ۱ѷŭϣǳ鴤̧ͷҶͳһҪˣ
ҶĮħۣںҪˣɱˣ
ħ۲ڹƣתҶɫ¡ҶҲ˿ӣȻħۡ
ǿʼսƻɽ巢š¡¡ĺ·ɭֵĻħҲܲסѹʼɱ¾ѪƮɣħ˲׹䣬һööħ˱ҴħᣬƬɭԵǰ
ַ֮أҶħ໥ţһûƺΧǧħ޵໥ɱ¾ǶԾǿ㣬Ҳܲѹ֣Ȼ˿
ħۿҶͳ֪ңʲô
ٺ٣ҪСүʵû㣬ֻҲˣҶȻ΢Цһ䣬ֻЦһ˿
ãûħǰǲ׳ֵģڡħȻָ侲ȴֻˣϣ㲻Ҫ̫ʧɣ
ţҲʵ˲٣Ҷħۣһ۵һħܱţһΡͬţ
⻰ħɫޱȡ
ħۺȻЦ˭˵죬һ֪ʲôŽʵЦУħ嶯ˣ˲ﵽޣһԻõĹӰֱҶ
ͬʱħ۴źɫ׵ֳצֱͣץҶԴֻ͡צӰռ䲻ϱƳһףһצռǴƿ
עǸʧߣҶһ쳹Ƭռ䣬ټһͻ䣡һ
һɫֱӴħУһ̣ħ΢΢󣬲ɱ˿ɸղŽĿռȴǶʱѿɫ蹵Ŀռѷ죬µĿռѷһΧһУ
ռѷ죬ôĿռѷ죡˺ɵĶǺȻô޴Ŀռѷ죬һ֮УûʱɭԭڷɱħǣͻȻǸӦʲôһɢˡ
㣬㡭ħ۾㵿Ҷﵽʲô磿
˵ˡң㾹ȻҶЦһƿأоղħ۸ûʹȫǿ߼ʹʹȫһҲɱκһˣԸҶδԴЩ
ҲﵽǸ磿ħ۲ţɸղҶֵʵȴʵģֲɵš
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ħŮСѪŭ졣Ҷ⻰桰šһȻϣһƶʧЦˣⳡĶٲȻ˶ϷħŮŪɳ׾پ޹⣬޲Ѱطȥ
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ħŮ֮ʱѪʢʤԲʱһи֫ʹ̣Ȼ죬ĿһȴħŮһ˫ƣƼ㳤׵綬һ㣬ʱĿɿڴ
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