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ߣϳ

ݼ
磬ǿ߳ư£ΪۣΪһǿݣһ׺ƽˣ
ϵһɱΪ磬Ϊһҵķϲӵܡ
ȻĴƽ
̫֮صľӡѣշţս˻ģ񷣬һһ̤۷壡


һ 


1 ӡ
س⣬
һüĿĺ̤ŲӣһˮļĺӱվȻתȥڿ˵˰ɣʲô£
һ·
һһͣ߼Ϣȹ̣Ų̤ʵȻӵһΪļӱߣۿΧ̣ͻȻֳ׺ݱɫ
ȪȥڰɣһˣҴѷС㣬·һ
һһ𽫺Χ
ɫһ䡣
Ҫ
СڳڷҳǷҼ糤ӡΪϣС޷ǼӶòκ˵ء
Ƿ糤Ůʮ꣬ò񻣬̤أǺŵŵӡ
˭ָʹɱң
侲ʵʵϣ۸ڶνŮûаȤ
ȻˣҾʹ󷢴ȱĸ㣬С׿Ҫôܲˣԣɣ
һȣ漴̤ǰһһȭӳ
޷Էûп壬ͱһȭмһǧѹѣֶֻϵˤļӱߡ
ȣ
ȳһѪӲҧûк߳һ
ͣģ
磬ʵһУӼֻͣһضѣּǧһȭ˴
Ҳ
͸Ѫ˿һһþȫļһ
ͨһ˺У
ˮļ֮룬һôһ
ϣͼ״һ㶡
Ǹȥ𣿡
Щԥ
ȻͬΪͣأڷҵλӸߵöࡣ
Ŀ˸ãˮļȥҲҲһ·ȥεһȭˣϾоһȥΣܽסҪˣҪʬ
á
ӵͷ漴˿첽̤źζȥ

ļУȫɢܣͷѶദѣʹ
֮
ôܾôˡ
ҧأȻȫʹѾľļˮˢˮײʯѪȾ
ûãʶѾӽģ
ʱһŭХȻԺ𣬽ѣ
Ȼ˹ľɣֻһصɫâؿɢһӰ롣
ǡ
ɨһܣȴͻȻֵӰЯ֮мǰУһ·˷ˡ
ççĪ⣡
漴һӿڣ˽κãڣһӳԭľ
Ȼڴʱ̤룡
ǡӡǣ
ﻹ֪ʲô£
ʮ֮ǰǵɱ֮֮󣬲ŴԽһ磬ϡ
˺žͶһصӡǣһֱ֪ʲôá
ʱΪһȭĳЩϣӡǸӦĵ
һøӡǾΪӰκƣһ̤
һأͨһ˿ӵǧ
оâ˸
һֱڳŸַϣ̤ȴʧˣû뵽ڱһȭȻһЩӶӡǡ
Ȼ֪ӡʲôȻ̤ûȥˡ
ǿš
ǰ֮ܳΪɱ֮ıһӺݾƴԼǿޱȵ־
Ҫһ;ɾͣ͵־ͬز١
Ӱɢ
ʱ̤ɾһصʵȭǧˣӦ֪Ҳ
ļˮУӱСУ弤֮׵ˮݣ˳ˮ¡
⻹ֻǸ̤ı仯
־أÿһأӵеһھأһȭɽѺۣһôѣպգǿޱȡ
ף
֣Ӱɢ֮»صţָһӡǡ
ʶܹͨӡˡ

һоӡǿʼȣ˲һ֫ٺΪ֮̾
ǧ֮
ʱһȭܻӳǧľ൱صˡ
ӡһǿǧֲ
ܿ죬оһ˿ƣӡǵķȲܳ־áȻԴѾˣԵɱʹá
ǰҲĴˣӡǲ֪ǷйءȲϰˡ
ϤһԼоˮʼûӦѾˡ

һ˰ȥ̤ڲݵϣȫС
ߣһһӰЩ㵵Ŀ
Сӣû
ε˸ʱԭΪȵʬ壬û뵽Сӻġ
Ȼ
Ӿò˼飬һȭʵʵڵǧСܳס
ӣһȭǴˣûãȥˣ
һԶʪӰ˸⣬ӵ
ߣոҴˣһˡ
̤ǰһ¶׺֮ɫڿһˡ
֪ǣڵ̤ǿʹǧѾ


2 ǿƷɱ
վɨһۡ
û뵽һһһڰϵѾ̤ʩչصһﲻɣ
ոһȭ֮Ҳñˡ
ۿⲽƽް㲨
Ȼûս飬һΪɱ֮ɱַȴ¯࣬Ը似ѧӣȻûκ⡣
Сӣոˣڿûôˡ
ԶϴϷʣֺĺϽһүүһúÿһ㡣
ΪԼȲʤȯҪһϧǣûȥһ¡
ŶԷ˼˵ȻǰͻһȺɨڶԷֵĽϣ˶ʧȥƽ⣬˾㵵
ûӷӦȭǧӲϣ
ȻһֵصˤڵأأԴŲ˼ɫ
ֱһҽжûû뵽ԼȻȥһ޷ķС
һ
ţ
üͷӣôһﶼˣ
վ̧ͷӡ
һȻԷҪɱȻ顣
Ǻǡ
ʱƺǿʲôЦһ벻гһջ̤ѵãΪԸһӣܴߵĻҲ̫˵㡣
ߣ
΢΢𣺡ΪʲôҪߣ
ʲô
ӻԼˣ漴ӦһЦҲԣҲӲߣԹٵʹ࣡
ûĿܡ
Ϊأʩչһصﵽǧ֮ǰһֱΪڸ̤Ҳӵǧȫû취ȡ
̤ǰһ֮ɫ֣ˣ֮ǰˣӰװ׶һûκλˡɣ
£ӵӰѸٳжһ
ӣ΢ء
ӡǣ
֮ͨ£ŵӡǿʼԷȣ漴һǿӿȫٺʱӵǧ
ǰóģɱˡ
ڣͬˡ
ӱϮȭͷ˹
˸㿪һȭ
̤֮ٶҲ࣬ȻԷһȭǽղһԴѡ
ص̫ǿӲ
һ̣Ȼ֣ץסӻδ˻ص
ţ
üͷ΢壬һҽУ
󣬶ˡ
㣬㣬㡪أ
ӾĪû뵽ǰﲻ̤һ̤أôܣ
ǣֶԴﵽǧ
һϻ漴һ̧Ӷĵط
ط޵ĸڡ
һţӸӲҵĽгˣһΪһӴ˳Ϊһ
˫ӵǧãȻʤһ
ꡣ
ֶӵĲӣո̤㽫ҪɱļǿƷɱһ˻أҪ˵ȥ¶š
ĵڵϣƽ޲
ȻԷɱҪñɱ׼ɲʲôˡ
Խʹ½֮СĽûеκˡڣȻҪɱҡ
ԭرĿϢƬ̣漴˫ۣվ
磬ҪκǲܵģΨһӦ԰취ֻԼøǿ
ʹ½ǿ߶ϰ似Ӳ似Ȼûôװɵ
⽫ʬ׽УȻسǷȥ
Ҫúò̽һ£ǲǷҪɱ

سǣʱ֡
Իص˳ڣŷҸۡȥ
ΪƹһͳУسڶ࣬رǳڸ壬ΪƹڸһһѪҺ
һĳУ˿ڰ֮ڣֻǳĸȽϴļ֮һûһǱȷġ
ߵķҸۡſڣͻȻһͻæӭ˳
үڻˣĴأǰȥɣ
ҸۡһȥȴڶͶĴѰʲôӰ
Щȫ˿
ǿ϶뵽Ǳ˴ȥɱ˰ɣϧøһ̤Żˣ
Цһ̤Ÿۡȥ


3 
Ҹۡż糤һڡ
糤ǰɳʿĸߴԸ͸ǿޱȣһһɱ֮⣬Ȼʱ˿̣սʿɫȴЩǡ
һʧˣ
Ҫ֪չ֮ӣԴɱȶԴԼŮáʧ٣֪
˼糤֮⣬лһŵɫȹĽŮǷ糤Ů޷
ƹߴ֮һĺţ츳ڣλǺŵӣΪﵽأ
˿̣Ůûκα飬һȻɫ
ʧ٣ƺĮġ
˷糤ͷŮ֮⣬ڻһݻ󸾣Ƿĸף糤ӣ
糤裬ʲôõȵģ
ϴһĨĮɫԷ糤Ҫʱغûģ
׿Կóͷ糤Ƿޣ໥ϵȴǺܺá
糤⻰ʱһ۵˹ȥŭʣ㻹˵ҲŸ㣬СȢΣһӸʧ٣㵹ǽһ£
һʲôý͵ģһѣǼô뿪縮һ˶ܰŪҲǻã
糤ŭȣұ죡
ŭ֮еǰƬ̣糤ŭܿ챻ǽȡ
˵һͨˣҪ뿪˷縮⡣
һһȻŮͻȻվת⣬ȸһ𣺡Ż£ˡ
糤ŮǽƢһ£üͷ΢ʵŻ죬ôżҪߣ
ͷҲأһֻѡһѳֵս˵彣ҲûбҪˣ
˵꣬ӯĲӣôſڡ
Ȼһ̧ͷȴһⲽ΢ЦǴӳ
΢һü
СôôҪˣ
̤΢̡
ȵŮá
ո˵ĻҲЩ֪常糤边뽫ɰҡͷ
常ãȴǺõùͷ
źµӰԭŵķ糤һվϲɫСӣû£
һˬӣ
š
ü΢΢ţ˵ͷ
ƺټǳ⡣
ŲӣٻӰƮȻȥûпһܿ죬Ҫ
δ˵ʲôֻǳȥպںͷʱͻȻ˵һ仰
仰÷Ĳһͣ
常ͽҴӱߣҪɱڣؼʱ̣ȴһ벻˳֣Ҿˡ
仰ǶԷ糤˵ģȻҲǹ˵ģҪķӦ
Ҫڣ
糤ոյĺ˲ɢһҼ;ȻȥҪڣǵ죡
ڣҲһ㵣벻Ȼ¡
ںŮͣһ½ŲʶʵǾˣ˭
ȻƽΪˣν͸ġƽһ˿Ȼʱķܲƽ
ˡ
ȫԿ϶ͣǱָʹǰȥɱģ
СǸʱغֲɵͲͷˡ
Цһ漴Ӱ̤˴
Ȼ뱨𣬵ƾʵǷ֣ҪǣǷ糤Ů
ߡ
ҲʶԼķӦеˣһͷҲصˡ
ı֣ȻҲ˴з糤УüͷѵǷָʹȥɱ
Է糤ԼŮ⣬п飡
ԴСʱǼ֮󣬷ʵĿﵽѰĪĳ̶ȣУΨʵһ谭ʵأ¶Ĳ
糤ͻȻʶȢ˷ȫǺΪһͨˣƽʲôһ𣬽Ҳõȥ
ߡ
һ
ûкɫ˵ʲôȴ糤һǳ⣺ȳȥ
ŷ糤һ࣬Ҳ֪ԼɷȷʵǷŭˡ
СˣȻ˾㡣ˣ󡣬ų⣬ͷţһҼģ
м˵ţת뿪˴
ų⣿
ȻøΪǵĺܰ
ȻԷôǷ糤ӣҲȥ˵ʲô
Ҵ֮Уֻܿʣͷ糤ˡ
糤λ£кһ£Сոǻϣɣ˵˵ô£
常
ȥԱߣһãܿҪô˵
常糤׹ˣС󣬶ɽûз糤ĻһķܰȵĻڡ
ڣ糤ŮȴָʹҪɱǳгرһֵ
ǣǷ糤Ů𽻴黻κһˣ¶֪ôźá
ȣںȱٱ𣡡
ܿ˾ͨ
ҪնɱǾͱȱ˷糤̤֮ĻǴɡ
ȻǱǱӵиǿΪ߶ֻǿ̸
֮㿪ʼһ磬ң˵ǼҳȥɹһЩҵҲûлɣǳ˳ǣ˳ӱߣͻȻҪɱҡ常ʵҸո˵벻ˣСܻ֮Żøպʱ̤
̤
֣׺䶥÷糤̸ֳɫ
Сˣ
糤ƨɻûȣһվ


4 ү
ϢԷ糤˵ǸϲѶ
һֱǷ糤ĽᣬϾΪ磬һʵһ
ˣ̤һء
˵ͷЦ˵
벻øҡ
糤ϲ֮ɫס̽һ£Ȼھеһصˮƽǰӡ
糤Ҳңû£Ҫ汻ɱ϶ںһ
常Ϊ˱ҽɱˡ
ЩΣϾǷҵļͣΪ˲顣
޷ҪɱˣʵȴˣԼ
糤ЦŰ˰֣̤ܴͣɼս츳ԺúŬǰ;ǰԼеģ
ǰ;ԼУ
֣صĵ˵ͷȻס
һ;ţҲһߵһ·̫գΨйرģ㲻Σһ·նܵ۷壡
ˣˡ
糤ɫأºһЦԭΪ׼һö诵ߵôûüպ̤ھͽҩɡ
˵꣬ͳһµСƿݸ
诵
һ㶣Ȼǵҩ
ʹ½ҩһһЩңСøֵҩݣͨƴöࡣ
诵ƷҩȻ¼ĵҩЧӦҲ
糤Цŵȥɣھͽˣһ;ɲĥĥġ
š
ûѣϾȷҪҩ
糤˵诵Ȼ¼ĵҩǷ糤裬ҪŪһöף
һö诵̺ļֵ㹻Ѱһʮ
ӹװ诵Сƿ糤Ȼ뿪ԼסСԺȥ
糤ڴſڣıӰʧΪοĵ˵ͷ
Ķ̤Ҷ벻ôһ졭
ţ糤оֳ⣡
潫۳ǧɱеӣѾһȥڣɾͣ糤ⱲӾˡ

һ·ԼסСԺ䣬;ͻȻоһ˴Դ˳
Сӣǵýʲô𣿡
һлư꣬Ҽǰư꣬ж
䣡
һЦԭǷүʲôӣôǵˣ
ǰԼǷүݣδŹҽӸۡµǮ
ߣװˡ
ưһԹ԰ǮһķҪôǮʲô˷ѣ罻үңһʵ
ǰıǿ׶Ҫˡ
˭صأ
Ȼض˵㲻ʲôȴǼǿôŰôŰ
ȥǮƣһһβȥѰ֣
һЦҿЩǮƸ˷ѡ
ǳԴҩ˲ɣ뱻һ𣿡
û뵽ôϣ֮ǰѾ˲Ŷ԰
Ȼ֪̤ϵĲѾûôһֱ裬ʵȻĬĬܣ
ãܲܶԿ֮ˡ
ţȻϻǲ䣬ӵǰḻɱ˾飬̤֮ӵеǧ治һ䡣
ȻڴʱһȴԴ
ס֣䣬ʲô
糤ӰڲԶ
糤裿
ɫһ䣬漴һҧߡﶫˡ
˵꣬תȥ

ŷ뿪ӰһЦ˭˻˵أ
糤˷֮󣬲ûйֻԶԶЦЦתȥ
һ۷糤ıӰ漴Ҳתȥ
䣬һ磬зƣڴƹߴ֮һǺĵӡ
ԼСԺȥţΪڵĺĵӣƵΪѾ常ˣҪᣬҽ󣬿»ᱻƿء
ţȻ糤趼ôΪĴ磬ơ
ÿķϣܸƣɼƴʵ֮ǿ
ҵΪܿЩܰﵽ常
¶ģ糤ɽܿ˶߼֮λ
װ诵Сƿ̤ӣⲽӱ֮ǰӼᶨ


5 
֮ڣȶ۵Ϣ
ոս诵£׼̺գΪãӶΪ
ҩʦԸݡҩںƶɣܹ޶ȵķӳݡҩĵЧ
诵ȻֻͼƷҩѰ֮˷֮׾ٵֵϰޣ
ɼӵ㹻ֵҩݣ޵Ϊ˿ö࣬޷ùĳһöҩ֮󣬶ͬҩһֿ壬֮ٷͬҩĻЧʹۿˡ
ÿһ츳ͬԵҩҲ֪ͬҵΡ
ţʼ˶ھһ˿Խոշµ诵
һŨ诵ɢھѸգܹоЩתΪܹΪá
ԭֻһ˿ܿһ˿ʼ׳
Ҳһǧ֮ʼ
һǧһٽ
һǧٽ
һȥ诵ȫڻΪŨЩܱȫա
ֻյҩ
ܿʧˣɵĵҩҲͺͷˮ׼
ʵϣյҩ츳ʹ½㲻ģƹߴţҲܹǰУϾʹ½޶ֻһɡɵĵҩѡ
ǣһɱ֮ԼҪΪϸڼȻ̤ȻҪ۷̡
ɵĵҩԶԶ
ȭͷʱͻȻܵӡһηȡ
ţ
üͷ΢壬ӡǣѵʲôɣ
ôʱһ˲ӡɢͨȫǹһ
Ȼûյ诵ȫ漴𾪵ķ֣ЩԭҪ˷ѵȻһαա
ˣ
ͷֱ˼ĸڵһС
ӡǵ£诵ȻȫգΪ˲ҩͻƵء
أֱǧܷӳһضһ
ͻƵ֮诵ûȫĵ֮д
ЩʣҩգϾոͻƣΪȹ̣ȵϤص֮ЩҩЧá
ͬʱ֣̤صʱŵӡƺһ仯ȴǱ仯ʲô
ӡǣôһڡ
ţӵӡ֮ȻȫյҩҩҪ˵ȥֱǺš
Ҳ˵ͬԴ£ٶȻǷŵֹ
ӡǣԿԿ׷ЩͱͬµĲ࣬ڲõĽ˶ϳ
ӡǣΪܣ糤裬ߣΪʵ̫𺳣֮ûкô
ȥļ죬ڷڹΪ縮˷糤⣬û֪Ѿܹ
糤赱ȥһ£Ҫҵʬʱһ
ͣȻһأ
Ҳ˵ո̤նɱصĴڣֱǲ˼顣
糤ûн͸¶ȥ֪̫֪Ļãرǣлʳֲֿ֪ܹĻ϶Ǹв
֮
صΪǧշ磬뿪ԼסСԺ䡣
ȥҪǰ似ȥѡһ似
Ȼɱ˼ɷǳʹ½ⲢԱ֤İȫʹ½似׷ӣرǰŶãڵȫ
ң似
Ӱ似ſڣٷӵܶͶȥɻĿ⡣
ķ似ʲô
Ϊسĸ֮һȻ֦Ҷïϵϵȫһô˵Ҳ֮ڡ
ҵ似У㳣һЩӵѡ似
һ̤似ſڵʱͻȻǰһưӴǺǣҿ˭ˣⲻǲĴ𣿡
⻰ΧʱһƬЦ֮
̧ͷһȻǰסǮƵķүǰӸµĿ
䣬ҪΣ

Ҳ似似似𣿡
ֺ֪似ҪģﲻĶ
ƫҪȥأ

һٶ鷳һ̣ھֹ似̣ǰϹһɱ֮ˡ
ôȥ
䲻мĿĳ⣬ȥհһҷ似ǲ޲ɡȻΪʾĳ⣬ҿͷʮ⣬ٴҽȥˣôүǲǿ
ͷʮ⣬ٴȥ
ΧٷӵܶµĿߣȻأʲôǿߣǷ̤롣
һȻ似Ҳ⵽裡
ڵҪճ


6 Ҳ
似ſڣ߰վǰĿ¶м
ͷƶ⣬ٴȥ
ʵ
ڷңֻյļͣҪ似󶼲ʲô⣬ڣΪӣ似ȻҪ˿ͷֱЦ
һеıȻΪ糤ڷҵӰѾǰˣ֮λҪȡ
⻹Ǳүˣַ͸ùҷҡ
бдŨŨĲм
𣿡
Цһδż֣ǽĿͶԱߡ
ڷ似ſڸȻ˿أĿߣԷϵһϣз衣
ʱĿ裬ֻϵ̬뷢԰ףһΪȴСǷСȡ
ƺǷڿԼһۣһӣ˵Ͱү˵ǲͷʮ⣬ٴӷүȥͲҪ似ˡ
⻰һΧΧ۵ķӵһϸֳЦ֮ɫ
Ǹ֪賤һǷҵˣȻȣ
̫Цˣַ˵ùҲŶԣҲ˷ѷҵʳ
˵ǱʳһţƤǷҹֱ޳
ΧһӵܵĳȻЦţȻЦȴĮ
ǲ
ңֻз糤һ˶жѰʱŲǸܲʲôҪ似ȴ谭
Ҳң˴
ԸͣȻܵʲô
Ѿ̤ڷҲǸ糤鷳ȥΪ֮ٻ糤æ
뿪֮ǰȴܷŹǰķ䡣
䣡
ǰһ˫͸ŵĮ䣺ڿ˵Ƿһ죬ȴڽµĻʲô
¡
⻰һͬ˶ˡ
ô˵ĻһķȻ˵ص޲ڽ£
أһȭǧһȭȥܽҳ⽴
似У˶ĶˣȻƷүүǷҵϵǿ߷ƵĵܵܣɱҲֻǲ֮
ȻѵѾ赽ӻĳ̶
˵ʲô
ղŻɫ˲
ڷҵȷ㲻ʲôͬ͵ķѾأΪŵŵӡȴʼ޷ͻƿ̤أŵʸûС
һֱڻҲ˵ҪڽµĻֱд
ԼҪһȣ֪˵ĺжôأ
伫Ϊ˵̤ǰһصۡ
أǧ˵ǰһ֡
ǰ诵̤֮أҲﵽǧӡǼĻܶһǧ֮
ǧһ۵ɱ˾飬ҪԸһʲô¡
䣬صƿ޷ͻƣȻҲʲô似ˣսصһˡ

ĿȭǧɢڤϢͬһ㣬ؿڻȥ
֣似е似ѾСɣ
ǸһˡǸķԺҪһȣΪзˣ
֣ɿ͸ϢģϧԻ̫ôСɡ
СΣԸһ似´ˣѵ»䣿
Χӵ۷׷ףųָָ㡣
ûΪܴĹѡ
ʵϣҲûҪߣһӡǶʱһ֫ٺ
ǧ֮
սϣȷǿһء
ԷһȭοٶһʹһȭԵ漴һȳǰɨȥ

ǧʵʵɨ˷ϥϣ÷̲סҽһˡ顱һˤڵϡ
ž
һŲڷıϣȻŵЦݣԭСôһΪжǿء
似У徲ˡ
ֻһУڽ£
˶ĿǼֱԼǰľ󣬸ոǲķȻһžͽүˣ
⣬⣬ôܣ
Ƿ𣿿һôǧ
ܣһۻˡ
˻˴۾ٴۣĻͬĳƿˣǷ潫һߵȻϡ
ԺжƬ֮ǰԷ˵Ǿ仰һ죬ȴڽµĻʲô
ʲô
ȻǱȷ
ˤڵأڱϣֻо춼ҪˣȻһˣǱһлܣ
ôܣֻһ
ҧгݣ˫гѪ˿
ǷҸϡ
ոպ˵ҪһȣȻˣұؾ㣡
ס֣
һȴԴһֱһԵϵϷ裬ڶˣ
뷢԰׵ߣȴͬһ磬˫ɫ֣似Ͻ䣬ߣ
Цһ۾Ϲ𣿡
ոշ䶯֣ûᣬڷ伴ϵһȣͳˣ似ϽɣֱЦ
ȻٶȺܿ죬Ͼ߻һξ롣
ٶٿ죬ҲĶ죡
̧һȡ
꣡
һͷѵ죬ӷϴΧɫһ䡣
ȻҶ֣
״ŭ׹֣θ٣
似󣬵ȴ˷һȣֱܴ裬ʮֲ
Ҫ֪δҼ׵ܵܣ
ﶫȻԼԹʲôˡ̤ΣھͰϵ֪Զֻһ
ޱȷŭϢɵ似֡
һǻ㲻Ҳòзϣ
ֹ𣿡
ڷҪӽʱһƵֻɲ֮һͦεӰѵǰ
Ҽ糤裬ʱϵ


7 ȹŮ
Ȼ
һ󣬳Ӱٷֿ
糤ᶨĵǰû˺벽̩ɽ
ϵϷ裬ȴһײ˺˺üɫʱЩףϢ鸡Ȼںͷ糤Ӳƴ֮ʱ˿
糤裬ǷҼ似֣õ
ŷ糤裬ɫ
ԭҼ
糤赭˵ȻˣұҪüȨˡ䣬似޹ƣ֣ڱһȣǶĳͷ
㣬Ҫ̫ˣ
һѪ˫ۼҪð
˭֮¡
糤ɫһȻ㲻֪ôֻһˡ裬Ϊ似ݷӵ似ڶ䣬Ҽҹ棬᳤ݣӽ㲻ÿ似ˡ
㣡
Ŀѣ糤裬ƾʲôҳݣ
ƾǷҼ
糤ն˵ɵ˵
˲䣬ɫһƬҡ
²ˣ
֮λᣬҲûס֮»ҪԷ͸׵ѡ
뵽ó޵Ŀⶢųе
䵽³Ϊ䵽˵ز
ȴû³ʵȫԼһɡ
Сû°ɣ
糤תºһЦ
û£л常ġ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼˣ似ѡһЩ似ɡ
糤Ц
ˣ常ȥ
ҡҡͷȻѾ뿪ңôҵ似ǲȥġ

糤費һ㶣漴οһЦããһлܷ䣬ȥҲô㱣ϡ㸸һλڣȥڿΣ
ڣá
ǰһ˵ͷ
һλ׵Ĺڣ˭
ڵȻ֪һֻȥ˵ˡ
ȻҪߣȻԽԽãͷ糤뿪似󣬻ȥʰȥˡ
糤뿪似󣬶似飬ܿʹңԭķȻǷˡ
ϣһһȷϵĺ
ִϢȻҪǰţҪǴƹߴ֮һ
ƾǷҲţǳ룡
ǣǴ˷ǰ׳հˣΪж츳Ц
Ҳô˵Ůںŵӣ˵ﻹƾϵȥأ
֮УһȺ۷׷ףȴ֪õʵǸϢ
ҪǰڣǺšسԱسϣһһԯޣ֮;
֮Ϊ֪˷һȣЩ˲ưոݡ
׼뿪죬ĸףҲǷ糤ֳ糤죬Ϊºͷ糤˺üΡ
һ뿪Էܿ׷֣
ڷųϢԷҪ֣Ҳҵõټˡ
֮ϣƥ˷糤׼̲Ȼسǣ϶С
Զ֮⣬ǳƥҪҲúüʱ䡣
ö常㾡ȫΪ׼Ʒҩ诵ҩû꣬ȷŰɡ
뿪֮ʱһֻۣسԡһƬɫ֮£УΨһģǾǷ糤衣
İ常һΪºᣬһһ֮
¶ģٳǰȥ
һȥسǷ̾˶
ְгű׷ɱȥȻ׷ɱ˺üʱ䣬ûпӰӣЩ˵Ȼ֪ԼǱˣˣ
СҲ̫ƽվȽŸɱڷҺõöˡ
ң糤ٸۣ֮ۡԶã̾һ
ķңƮҡºᣬ±峤֮ˣ

ȥ죬۳ңڷɱ
ԭڵ诵ҩʱ֮գڵʱһͻƣﵽء
أӵǧӡǻǿһǧѰ֮˸ǿ
̤֮ӡƺַĳֱ仯ֻȴȻûˣֻա
һ磬ԶԶһƬ಻Ρɽ
֪Ǳڵɽˣ
ڣͷڵĺһǴƹߴ֮һ
ǰУһƬɽǰڷҶ鼮أأվ磬֮ϣǸǿ磬ֻǵȴڣֻ֮вܹ쵽ˣݣ
СʱɽԶͣǰһϿȣϿȣǽڵΨһͨ·
ҪڣֻҪܾϿȣͨ˿ˣϿȣɲôͨġ
ϿڴһȺԸصޣЪϢۣԲߡ
ЩޣҪڵޣչأЩ޵䶼óʮꡣ
ǡʮ꣬ٹһ꣬žͲˣӼһȭǡô
ǱǸģС
ͻȻһޱȵŮ˹üͷ΢塣
ͷŮķȥһȹĸ߰ŮһȺ˵Ĵӵ³
˵ľ㣬ʲô
߰Ůüһ˿ͷ֮ɫȻģӦöôչƥɣСҪϿȣʱѱСİѩչ˵ĺúõģһ˿أСΨʣ
Ůһ˵ţһָһָԣһƥ۵°ĭİɫƥӦþеġѩˡ
Ů˵꣬þӸµĿ⿴·չһƥҡ
߶Χ˶ʱʼ˽
̷£벻ҲˣһܵϿȡ
̷£ʲôˣҿܵʲôɣ
꣬С㣬ҪǱɾͲˣǸسĴ֮һ̷֮ˣ˵̷Ҽصǿߣس棡
ˣ̷ڻи磬֮ǰŵӣŵеǰ֮Уɾ͸ǲ
Χ˵ۣŮͦͦظиֳ֮ɫ·߹Ŀȸ
ȻУŮʹǸˡ
ŮˣԼ˭ȻϿſһˣҪһʹ˼ң˼ҰչѾ°ĭƥ
ǰľ飬֪һʿŮǾǡ
ûǽ̷£תֱϿȶȥ
һ;ηգȻҪڣֱȥϿȾˣα˷ʱ䣿ڸ̷չ˿°ĭƥǸˡ
ĶΧ˶ˡ
СӣȻ̷µĻǻòͷ˰
Ȼ̷һת뿪̾
벻һȻ˸


8 ̤Ͽ
̷½ϲơ
ת뿪ȫûаȻ棬Сôܣ
ҴҪ죡
̷Ķļ˵ЩӶӼдıڡ
С㣬ѾϿȣǲ㶯ˡ
һͽϴɫ
Ͽ֮⣬û˻ܣѾϿȣǶֵĻɻڡ
س̷ңҲҵڣΪƹߴ֮һڵĵѰ޷ģ̷ңּ
ߣһȺ
̷½һҲϿȥӽ쿪ʼҾͽڵĵӡǲ֪СӣһǴϿȳǸҴ˫˫ţ
ǣС㡣
Щӷ׷״Ӧţ̷µٻӰʧϿڣһд
СƢЩˡ
ǺСӵС㣬ܲܳΪڵӣ³ǳң

һ̤Ͽȣ˼ȫͨϿϡ
̷Ĺᡣ
̧ͷϿһɽȣɽڶͣɽмǽһĽݣһһͨڡ
һĽݣܹٲʯף˵ʱѹֹ˼ǰУû㹻ʵԣٲʯס
ֻҪͨٲʯףܹڣΪһŵӡ
Ρ
ţٲʯ̤˳ȥ
̤ϵһʯ׵ʱ򣬶ʱһѹṳ̂ͨһʯף̾Ҫǡ
أǧֵѹʱûʲô⡣
ӭѹ̤ÿ̤һʯףѹǿһ֣ǻһ̤˰ٲ˵һٲʯ֮
ѹѾǳ
һһѹԴֱɽȶоԼ·ٲ֮ߣÿǰһ֡
ҧأȫѹȴȻͦñֱȫ飬˫ȷ·Ҫѹȥ
ѹѾҲ̫ܳܵסҪ̤ٲʯףƾصܣ
̧ͷݻ֮·û꣡
ȻŴƹߴŵκһյӶǳϸʮ֮ǰصĻûʲôʸеġ
ֻǣģòûȫԸܾʹ
յӣĲֻڵΪ϶ߵ츳Ȼˣһ취
ҧţʱ֣ϿȵɽϣЩľʯǣƺгһϡ
Щʯǵϣ·һ㣬͸һϢһ
ģظѹȻһΪ״̬УЩʯǷ·ΧΪһ壬ƺڳʲô˼
۲ɽڶʲô
ʱǽŮ̷ҲϿȣһۿٲʯ֮ӰɲмһЦ
һΪж£ԭֻǸصķ
̷ư̧Դʼʯ̤ϣһϮɫȹµٻӰԵ硣
ĸ̷ŵӣ˵ŵٲʯҪز̤ϣصǰֻߵһٲʯס
ͣ˰ٲʯ֮²ֻصΪ
̷ҼıŮȻǴﵽأ㹻İտ̤ٲʯףͨϿȡ
أһˮ룬ҲһƿͻƲƿô೤ʱ䶼ܴﵽأ类һȵķ䡣
ͻƿôھǹǷߣӵаǧĿֲ
̷½Ų죬԰ǧ֮ѹܿڵĵһٲʯףƳһۡ
ﶫҲֱۣ֪
̷²мĳЦȻոñС㶪ΪҲˣСö֣ȵϿȣҵȻףʲô𱰣
ԭ˵仰ϣܴϿһЩſ־֮飬ʵȴʧˡ
ڵһ⾳۾򣬸ûĻһ
Ͽһ̷һαˣ
ãܺá
̷³ȥ޺޵Ŀ˱۾һۣ漴̤ӡ
ϿȣǲҶ֣ţȵСӼʧܣ뿪Ͽȵʱھ͵ˡ
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ڶΣ̷¾Ҫ
Ϊ˵ȴԴһ֪Ȼ⾳֮С
ûã̷һ·ϣ̤˵ٲʯףչأڱڵŵˡ
ɽӵһʱӭͬŵӣﰲͨϿȵµӡ
̷ʦãϲΪŵӡ
һС۾ޱȣҽ̷࣬ʦõˣ̷ʦַԸСڴ˵Ⱥˡ
ࡣ
̷¿˿࣬ĵ˵ͷһȻǳãоԼǸ߸ϵĹ
Ǻ̷ʦá
һһ㣬̷µʱͬһĨȡ
̷ϼѣòĵһ۾ͱˣܵõ̷ʦǰҲܶһЩȨɣ
ܺãǶʲôΪ
̷¸߰ĵ˵ͷĿʵ
أʦء
ĵĻش
غأ
̷µ˵ͷ漴һĨ׹ڴԵƬ̣Ͽһٲʯ״иﶫҵҪιȥġ
ŶﾹȻ˸ҵ̷ʦãඨҪúýѵһ֪ʲô˶ǿԵģ
ǰһҸֺһ̷£û뵽ˣ⣡
߿ˣǸأôϵ
̷һ¶м
ԭأҾʦһһϷɡ
һԺһЦ˵ϿȵѹɱһЩ֪ߵغļһû㹻ʵǿֻбǵ³
̷ԣǰһ
Ļ̼ǷСӣǿѹǷǳȤ
˺ܿٲʯ׸һȻһµȻͣһٲʯ֮
ȻǸصķ
˵ȻΪֻظһأһȴر
ʱ·⾳е˫̧ۣͷ
ָоΧƺΪһ壡
⾳һ˲


9 ⾳
Ͽ֮ϣһ߷ƶˣ߷ۣ֮һľµͤӡ
ʱͤУһһӣԶִӣ໥ġ
Ȼ䣬ƺǲ·ʲôϸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ϺڣҲоˡ
۵һ飬º͵˵
⾳
ϧ𣬵³
ᣬ⾳Ȼֻһ˿ȴҲܿɹ󡣡
΢Ц
߼壬ƺû·Ͽ֮£ʵǵעѾϿһ˿⾳ϡ
ˣȻ

֮󣬱Ͽдѹ·Լݣѹ˲
Ӧûˡ
ɫڵܹԽص̤ŵٲʯף
ڣڷһ˿⾳ҲĪ
ܵӡǾѾȻȣ֪ܹһ˿⾳ӡѲϵ벻ӡǶȻô
һһĽŲԽԽ죬Ϊһ˿⾳ǰĹлڲǿ
ٲʯϣ̷ºࡢվһȫ·
˵ߵڼʯף
̷µʵ·һϷ
ҿƾصߵһʮѾļޡ
ܿ϶˵͸ŨŨĲм
⻰һڣŲ̤һԽǵһʮʯס
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ٲ
ƶȴȻû̫ʲôһصޣأʵ̫ˡ
˵⼸֣·ȴ̤׾ٵ̤ٲʯף
ʱ̷˲ھ쵽Ծ
ѵͻˣ
̷Щ졣
ͻƣӶȻҵʲô׵ķӣҶҪ֪ڿɲ׵ܹģ
ɫһ
⻰̷ĵ˵ͷͦģϾҸɵĻǿû취ǷСӶ֡
ڣǷСʱͻƵأҲڣ
ܿ죬ĽŲ̤˵ڶʮʯףϡ
ٰʮ
پʮ
ٲ
һؿ̤ٲʯ֮ϣ漴оѹһɨգɹͨϿȣؿԳΪŵӣ
ˣ˴λиջǾϿɽϵĳ⾳
⾳֮оԼƬظϣһȭʩչҲ֮ǰһЩ
ûüϤһ¸⾳ӭӰ
̷¡
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ӣȻǶ̷¹ά˼㣬ԲͨϿȵġ
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ϷʣʵҲڣ
ֱӵĳƺΪǼŭŭ˳ĽѵߣҪ̷ǰֱ֡

ɫ糣һۡ
ȻͨϿȣʸڡ
һ˵ڵΪأҶ޷ܣǻǳﶪˣ
һüܷڣѵĶģ
˵ʲô
һʱŭģǰСӾȻ˲˵ǡĶ
Ϊеȷǵ׵ģȻô˵Ҳڵ似ǰ̤ϿȵСʲôʸ
˵㻹ûʸܷڰɣ
̤ǰһ˿࣡
Ȼڵӣϰ似ᱻԷŵϴЦݣȻЦȴɱ⡣
ϰߣκʱ򶼶Χ۲΢ǰ˵ĽŲ̬ͱһ
̷ºӦأһΪߵ㣬ء
ű֣ɫơ
ʱأǧ֮ϼӡǵĻǧ֮ոһ˿⾳δزܺӵаǧһս
οǰɱϻϸϣ϶յĵλöࡣ
Լ
һ˫С۾г˷ŭұҪѵѵ㣬֪Ұ³
£ѾȲĶһ̤ӣһھ
ӿȭͷѸٸһǿھ
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أǰڵķˮ롣
ϴֻ²һαͬһϮھǵȭǰ
ٶȺÿ죡
һǿսֱٺˣͬʱͷòײŶ㿪һȭ
ողǺôӵô죿
ŷ̵ڵ似˲粽ұҪȫʩչ㻹ô㣡
һ˵꣬²ӿٶһ̣СӰһǰھȭͷȻĿۿҪһȭɡ
ҪһȭУƾڵΪҲòзϣ
ȻʱͻȻоһǿ⾳ǰĿɢȫתΪ֮͡
˲󾪣ʲôŹֵǰôӵǿʢƣ
˲粽ٶȵȷܿ죬ھǰٶȿʲôã
侲漴һǰ̤ǿ⾳С
ոϿһĨ⾳ʩչȻЧ޶ѹסˡ
ţӡǣȫǧһȭһţԴӼĽǶϮࡣ
Ȼ⾳֣Щصİǧڡ
ĽٷӦھһȭԺȥ˲佫һȭˣͬʱȭѵ
ֻһȭ࣬ȭѣ
˵㲻ʲôɱﵻںͷ
ȭͷǵһţһ̱Ѿȴ䣬ǿֱ߷ʮԶصˤȥڵϹȦմ
һţشҲڵϰ
࣡
ԭһԿϷĺɴһ벻Ȼǿƣֱӽһ߷ˡ
Ƿ
źȹӵ̷ţһ䣬ԭΪܽѵһǰŵĺСӣȴû뵽ѵһ٣棡
ڣʸ𣿡
ȭѵʹ侲ɨ̷ºͺһۡ
õȥѵһڵ˱С㣡
̷һֱָʹصĺ


10 
̷µĻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һＱڱ֣ȴ﷭˴ܹչֳԼӢ䲻ʱ̡
̷ʦãİɣ˭ֻҪеҵʦõģȻõѪĽѵ
м漴˲ӡ
óȻʤ࣬ȭҲѾѣ죬Ҳٺصǿս
һսʤʱ̷ܺ¸׽ڡ
ںεʱͻȻһϵĴڳ˵Ķ
֣ͣϿ֮ϣܷʮ֮ǰͨϿߣܳΪڵӣΪأΥ
ϵºдҪֵĺɫһ䣬˲亹ֱ
ųϣ
ڵӣȻ˵ţϿ֮ϣųϣǴţ˭û
Ϊ̷ֺ£ΥŹأ˽Ȼųϳֹʱһ
ϣӺ֪𷣣
Ҳ룬̳Ա߹ĵͷϴ
ΥŹأǴǷǳڵĺֻųϼᴦĶѾȥˡ
ô̷ֺ£ʲôãվֻһŵӵãųһһϣ
𷣵ˣλµӽţһ°ɡ
ϵƵᣬȻ˿ûղŷ顣
ú΢΢һ㶣ȴ̷ӦϲصĿͷлϣӺȥ죡
ųһԵ̷ҲòĶȥȻҰŰ裬ҲڸҺڳԡ
ȴǳϿƶһۣ¶޵Цݡ
ϣ϶֪鷳ȴֱڲųȻ뿴ʵΣ˵⾳Ρ
̷ֲ£ҪЩ鷳Ǻı
Ȼ͸˳ϵͼô˵ǳϳǸһ鷳ϾȷǺĶ֡
ȻԼʵܿ죬ڲ֮ͻú
̷ʦãɣҰǰŵӵס
Ķ̷ЦЦȻбһתߡ
ոճϳ̷֣ҲҾæź뿪ɨʱȴ¶һĨݶ֮ɫ
ȻֻҪõᣬԲ׷Ź
Ŀһۣϲδֻǰ裬һҪЩշ糤׼Ʒҩ̤˵
һܹھǹڵİȫŻ΢һ㱣ϡ
ˣϿϵɽ·ֱǰУܿŵӾסĳ
̷ʦãסڴ˴̷ʦͰźˡ
̷һŵͥԺֺƵ˵
ţаɡ
̷³ͥԺһۣл԰ɽ̨ͤ¥ӦоУͦġ
ǣ̷ʦãԵƬ̣ȴȥһ¡
ָһָ
ȥɡ
̷һͷĿһۣ̤߽ͥԺ֮С

ת뿪ǳһ䣬ϵԺлصû˵֡
ֱϣһ·ȥŵӶһһԺ䣬ڷҵסҪһЩš
ܿ췢֣ȻһΪƫƧĽȥûһЩõԺӸǰ
סˣŵӷκڵƣ˸͹ġ
˵ֱ꣬ת뿪ˣȻܲԺԱߵĻ
ܣ˼ưԺӺ治ԶһأɢźȻ
Ȼ˲
ɫһ䣬סĵطȻ˶ӵĻȻǺ˽ҪȥֺǸ̷¡
ˣҼˡ
ţת̤Ժӡ
ڵ֮ȥҺۣͻƵǰ磬ҪȻȥҲǰװˡȵͻƣȥǺ˵ӣ
Ʒҩϴηõ诵󡣡
ԺӷУŴɨһ£Ȼڲݶȶȡ˷糤׼ĵҩ
һöӨ͸ĵҩɢ˴εҩ㣬ֵǡ
һεƷҩ诵ͨ˷ñܱȵϰޣ֮ӡǣֱͻƵأȻ;̤ء
ƷҩѰ˷ñ൱һޣ˵ЧȻǿ
ϣһͻƵأ
ɢҩһȥ


11 ӡ
һ¶ǣ̱һɢ֫ٺ
գ
𽥽̺תΪȫС
ԭӵеصǧȻڣ£ʼ
ǧһٽǧٽ
֪䣬ϵӡǿʼȣ޷յҩ
״д󶨣ʼӿҩٶȣûãɵתԼڵȫ֮ʡ
ڵѸ׳󣬲ûͻƾ磬ôҲ޷ǧֻͻƵ֮˲ﵽǧˮ׼
˫ۣɫͣһʣҩӡУóȥԼĶûС
糤߹ţҪ似ѡ似ҪΪƾ֤
ŵӷǺ⣬ƣȴǷǳҪĶ
ƿŵʱ򣬿ԺſڵĵϷЩȻڼ͹ġ
ϸһȻһɫĲǾŵӷˣɫȴǱڵϣͽӡȻ˼̤˲֪ٴΡ
ۻɫԣһʣʣˣѵ͸
أ
ţ漴õɫȥûҵνŵơ
ȻͶĽŵӷʣʣˣȴΨƣȻڵ
ܺã˼ʡ
кһ漴ͶԺ߲Զ
һƬ֣Ӧˣģ̤ǲ١

ҹĻ٣Ƭץ˵ӣʼ
ӡУҩʼãΪգȫӵе
ӡǵЧ졣
ţҹʱ֣ȫ磬ҲﵽصļޣǧȥͲͻƾˣ
ʹ½κҪ̤ضһƿǱھڷҽѵǸ䣬Ϊ޷ھ޷ͻƵء
һ㣬˵ƺ⡣
ͻƣ
ͷȫӿľѸգ漴͸ȫÿһ֮У̥һ㣬˲ǧ
ǧ
أ
츳Ტۣʮʱ̤أǾĻȻҲԡ
صƿǰڡ
˫ۣվڴﵽأհǧֱ֮ǿĸое˷ܡ
ϣΨ㣬ڵǿߵĵ·һһǰ
ұȥҪơ
ţʱͻȻоһȣƺӡڷʲô仯
ˣ֮ǰͻƵغصʱӡƺһ仯ʱȴûпˣͻƵأǸоǿˡ
뵽æǰ½һۿ龰ȴסˡ
ǣ
ֻϣԭӡڵĵطͷȻ
֮ǰӡǻЩģ岻̫ϣȻڣͷޱȫһ
ңɫҲ˱仯ԭɫʱȻЩ͸һ˿˿ɫ·ض䡣
оȣǴЩɫ·ϴٸо졣
ģ֮
һĪԺ֣ͻȻףŵӡǸʲôһͷԾ֮
һӡǻýӡǣӦýӡ

ûж룬æ˾ӡһ˿˿ɫ·һӷ˺ɫâͬʱһΪֲЩɫ·ӿȫ
⣬Ȼ֮
˲ˡ
ӡ֮󣬹ǴЩɫ·ﵽһĿ̶ֲȣӵеİǧǿ
Ҳ˵ڵӡܹһǧӵеһǧǿ
ʹ½һǧΪһƥ֮Ϊʹ½ͨȫбвǧ֮
ڵӡ֮󣬱˵ӵʮƥ֮Ѱ޸ͬһΡ
ʹ½أÿһΪӵеᷭʹ½ܹԽս
һ㣬ڵ˵ƺʲôˡ
ʱоԼ֫ʼʹȻӡ֮ӵǿ丱ҲС
廹ǿصΪɳص϶ǳѣʱһûˡ
ֹͣ˶ԾӡļµڲݴϢ
֫ʹӡĸúܴ󣬲ϢһӦþָܻˡ

ڶһ磬ͳŴ̽Ϣ
ƾŷḻ飬ûãʹŵӿ˽⵽һЩ
ŵӷƵķţµͳһµӣǴŵѡģÿ¸һΡ
µµӣֽ
ȻسǷҵˣҵŵƲҲд˵һˡ
кâһ֪䣬Ѿ֮ǰŸ̷µס
⴦ס̨ͤ¥󣬻԰ɽ۴ĸ濴ȰŸǸԺӺǧٱ
Ųǰ̧ͷһ㿴̷´һϮȹӣͦظһһƹһ㣬Լס߻ȥ
Ƿ㣬ĺ
бƳһۣĶ̷˵̷ʦãմ似һѡ
ûз̷µȻ͵ˣոգǴ̷ȥڵ似ƺջС
̷²ͣ£ҴˣľسǷңСǲķû뵽ھȻķӡ
̷ºͺĻʱΧŵӵĿ⡣
ԭ̷ΪòպͽʣѾ˹עˣڣ̷¾Ȼһ۵µӣһͣͷ£פΧͬʱָָ㡣
һ˭سǵķȻҲܽڣ
֪˭̷ʦãﲻʲô³ģǵſϷˡ
ǸҲҲһ£̷ʦûὫСΣ
ΣȻĵΪһ
Χ˺ЦڿһЦ
ȴ֪ڵĿ̷ºͺͬڿһЦ
̤أӡɱ˾ӡʵһ㣬̷ѾֵһᣬصĺҲƴһƴʤ㲻С


12 ̷̤
ΧڶŵΧ̷ۣ½ϸǸֳһĨ⡣
һ֪˱С㲻ʲô³ڣô
վ̷һۣҪһһΪβԣܲܰſ£
⻰һ˻Ȼ̷ϸǸֳһĨݶ֮ɫ
˵ģ
̷һɭȻ̤ӣҪˡ
վţûʲôжȻ̷µʵû⡣
һ߿ţһϴϷʣ̷ʦã̷ʦһսóΣ
̷һԸòս
һһ䣬Χ˾̾
սȻս
˵ΪǻĻô似սսɻȱҪء
似ֻҪ̤ܹԽǸ似սԽܷӳǿ
սɶʦƳӸǿߡսҲǷߣҲĳЩսߣͬģƷԽߵսԽܷӳ޵
ڣֻнŵӲܹս֮⣬ܹӵսû뵽̷¾Ȼӵһ
ʱɫҲ΢أսȻҲ˵
֮ǰصңȡ˷糤彣Ǳһսܹǿ޵սңҲͲʮսɼսϡٳ̶ȡ
սվ޵Ǹ̷¾ӵսҲû
ţĿ̷̤
ע⵽̷µĽŲ̺ĳֹУȻȻ֮ʩչĳֲ似
̷²һ죬ڵ似ôⲽ似϶س̷ҵ似ˡ
֮ǰڷҾ˵س̷似У֮һǲ似ٲƷ似̷֮ʩչٶȼ죡
ȫ̷Ȼһأȴ̷似ս϶С
ߡ
̷¼СĽӣмЦһ漴ŲӯԻõĲĺȹӰת˲ԡ
ƣ
̷һƷһգ˹
ƣ̷󴫳似֮һͬƷ似ס
һϮȻЯ֮ԶԶ̷ΪӦӵеİǧ֮ɼһƷ似սЧ
̷ٶȼһƣȻ׼ȴҲûϵٶô죡
սḻ״˷Ӧ
ھ
ڼۣ׼Ӳ̷һơ
ͬʱϿһ˿⾳Ȼɢ̷Ʒӡʱһ˿⾳Ҳ˳ƽ̷֡
飡
̷һƣھۣ˲أû֮ǰƴһͷѡ
һûЧ̷±ˣ̷似ߵĶ·ӣȻӲƴȥ
ٴʩչٲʱȴԼǱѹ֣ͬϿ֮һĸоٶһ˰ġ
ѵã
һһȭɨ̷µջǧȭ磬ϸ۵ϻһֲڵѪۡ
ŵŵţ
̷μˣվ̧֮ͷ񶾵㾹ң
ȶҶ֣кԱô
Ȼ˵⣬㲻˵Ƿôڷ˿ˣѲɣҸﲻɣ
£Χ̲סһ
̷½棬磬ͬΪŵӵǸûӦ̷ϴѪߡ
ȻոյĽУ̷¾ȻԿˣ
̷̼¸Ǵ·磡
̷ϸֳɱ⣬ĶС㲻ٸκλˣ
£̷гһߴ糤ذף˸ӳݶ顣
Ȼȡս
˵Ըķս𣿡
Գ
𣿡
̷һߴ糤ذףսĻҲãķôӵս
ͳΪŵӵĸ̷ᣬõսذף԰Ƿ
ңұĵ֪ԱС㲻³
£̷½ŲȹӰȻֳһһȹӰɼ̷ٶǶ졣
û似ʵ̫ˡ
ţһ˫۾ͬӥһ۲ܣʱ׼κηӦ

һһذ׺Ȼ۾ǰת˲ߣ
⾳ѹ
һʱ佫⾳ͷţذ׵ٶΪ֮һͣһȭӳغǰذ׵бϡ
Ҳֻս鼫ḻˣпһ˲ӳ׼ȷһȭ
Űǧһȭʱذ׺ᵽһ򣬲ذս۵ȴҲȭͷٴˣһƤˡ
û⣬̷ذױᣬĲȣѸٳ֡
飡
һȭ֮£̷ˤڵأذսزס
ˡ
ס̷µɱһܿ콫ڣɱ̷µʱ
̷±סһ˫Ҫ
һĻΧһȺŵУһŴ죬ĿɿڴԼ۾
̷£ӵսذףǿ似̷ҴС̷£ȻһΪУ


13 ܺ
ס̷˽Ծ֮ʱһԵĺɫʱһ䡣
֣
һο˸ڴ۶
̷¾ȻܣǺȫûģڶ˵δһõĻᡣ
ֺŮ̷£ύŵ̷ᣬʱǰ
ͬ⣬һ
ҷ֣Բûֿɷţ
۶кһ˫ֱ󣬽ƾһֻŲס̷µ
֣ҪôֻܷŽš
к̷вڣҪˡ

һ̧𣬽ס̷³һ߷ɣ׼Ժ
̷´źȹڵϹ˺üȦʱմɳмжС˲ٻҳȥ
ԭ˳ĳʱɢڼϣԵޱǱҵķ˿䣬¶񶾵
ʦ֣ɱ
̷ⱲӺܹ裬ڱסʱ㶯ɱġ

Ȼڹ涨ͬŲɱдʱһСɱˣҲ̫Ĺ
̷Լ̷ɱҲ¡
̷µжʱһݣһۣ߳һס˱ĳ
ѳսֻΪ似ʹõͨˣ似ûʲôá
ѾãڵĽ似ұصΪ磬ս϶̷Ҫǿ
һ߿̷£ȫ˼׼ԸճϮʱһͷų⾳˶֡
ʲô
һ£˲ȴܵһѹϣɫ΢䡣
ÿͷ⾳ֻڶһϣֱڣ֪ʲôֶΡ
⾳ѹ٣׼ĺһӱǰٶȡ
ʲôŹһȡ
⾳ѹ¶ײɫгһӣһļ磬һѸ͵Ϯ
Ǽ罣ŵƷ似ٶȶǼǿ
û뵽ѾѼ罣˴ɣļҶӲס
ǷСӵùˣ̷ʦãǳ׼ŭ˺
˼ޱȣȻܽƷ似ɣǳѣŵӵѾټˡ
Ҫɻܵʱȴ򶨵ĿǼϮ
˵ֻдﵽأܹţĳЩ似ҲԴﵽһЧ⼲罣Ӧþţɼˡ
˼ţ֪ͺȥĻذɣֻսپ
ӡ
һžӡʱ޷ĺɫڣӡϵĺɫ·۳һ˲ӿ֫ٺ
ٶҲһࡣ
ھ
ҪսپֻкͺӲӲһ;ȫھһȭǼ
䣡
һǼȻһȭ򱬣ķɢ
񱩵ļȫ˺˿ڣ⣬ž͸߸ԾЯųԽصĿֲһźɨ˺
⾳ѹٶȼ𾪲ֱִֻ̧ۣھеֵ
꣡
һ£ʮƥ֮ھһٽֱֵ̧߶ϣ
ƴԼˣͺӲƴȻԱȻ̷¸ٶȻ˺ֱ߶ϣ
Ȼһ
صڵϣϡУǰѳҲڵϣֱ۱߶ϵʹú¶һ֮ɫ
û뵽ȻӵǿոһţѾھзǱһ߶ֱۡ
ȻһУһ̺ĿֲôһصСܹӵе
ѵһʲô似ɣ
ֱϴʹúʧȥ˶־һӶûܹôصˡ
ȻȫѪʮ˿ȫɼǣɫȴǵȻ˿첻ʹһ㡣
߷˺֮˼ֹطܿˣ⺫ֱ۱߶ϱɥʧ˶־ֱ
ȥ
ʱһЫȴ
̷£
֮ǰ̷Ȼܣȴδʲôˣʱļ罣ȫѪȻ͵Ϯ˼
ȹٻӰذ⣬̼

кâӡЧûȥƾǿŲŲٶȱƽʱһֹɶ̷͵Ϯذס
漴תһ߳Ȼɨ̷ºȹµĴϣ

̷ʹĽг˶ʮƥ֮ԶԶ߷ɣԭû˵ˣȹǶѣ
ɢ
߷̷£ֹͣ˾ӡļȫѾʼʹټȥĻп˼塣
ԭվݵսӰбòƽ
һ̤֮ӵս̷£ֻصĺȻƴԼҲ˲ˣȴǡǡԵøӿ£
һǷӡ
УΧ۵ŵӶ뵽ǣԲӲƴļ
ȻԼȫȫ´СС˿ڹжʮദǱļ罣ˣֹͷѣڻûãʱ˿̵û֪Ŷʹࡣ
Щʹ࣬˵㲻ʲôصܹ˵ЩƤˡ
ȥ£
һºԱһӣ˵
ȥȥȥҷ
ǺһɻͲ⣬ոսʱƺ似ûʩչЩ²⡣
ѵСǱƣ
鵹ǵһηˡ
ҲصΪʵȲϺæΨΨŵŵת뿪˴˵ء
뿪֮Χ߲ɢžæŵסĳȥ
̷±ˣ̸̷֪У
ͬʱ˸ȥոı𾪣ǲҪȥҷʲô飬᲻ỹʲôϷɿ
Ҫ֪Ϊ£ȻһصΪ似ȴȺǿ


14 Լս
Ȼ֪ʵ
ƾ˲˵״̬Ҫܷǲܵ£ϾȺǿڷҵʱ򣬾伴أΪŵӡ
ڻ˴ȥҷȻԼĴ㡣
ʦܣǰɣ
Ǻһߴ·һ߲ʼįĴ̷˵ǴسǷҳģµ·ǷҵˣǲǺʲôìܣҪȻӦòƲŶԡ
ԣδشʲôûһİ͸¶ʲôϢϰߡ
ӵǲΪ⣬ԹԵЦ˵ʦһȰǷʵףܿҪŵˣڵţǵ͵һãҪӲӲҪȻԿĿ϶Լ
ھȥҲܰƸ㣬ݺݵһңո̷£׸϶ưոݣ̷ŵǰ㶷ǵģ˵ھ͸뿪ڣðװ裬⣡
˵˵ûпԾȤҲû˵
ܿ죬ɽ·ϣһŵԺӣԺſӡš¸֡
󣬲˽棬Ҫ֡
û̫⣬ΪȻҪ飬ҲҪһЩΧۣԽԽá
ʦܣҪҵ¸ˣƱѺĻԸȥҪͲҵˡ
һ˵ţһһԣϴϷʣȻǵſЦˡ
ɨ˺һۣʲôû˵漴Ų̤¸С

Եһ
һúһѵɣ
ʲô񣿡
һӰԵԺڴŴӷ߳һĸߴ꣬䳤࣬Ǻͷôơ
˱Ƿ׳˶¶ŭɫŵӷһöƣµơ
һżͫһһԭ˵Ӳɣ¸ҰôǱǸոձ˺ݺݽѵһٰɣ
Χ۵˷׷׾кϷˣ˭֪ǸƢֱᱻ׷Ź
ŷ׳˶¶һĨмЦѺƣΪк𣿡
⻰ֱ⣬һʱŭڣʲôúµģ
ô˵ҵȷʵǱѺˣ
ǰһЦ
⡭
ԣʱͷð亹ոűʾԼ־壬Ȼ˷ʵ̫ʧˣ
Ҫ֪ѡΪ£ԿѺ鵱ȻֹģǴ±ųϷ֣ôⲻһ𷣣Դٷࡣ
Ҿ֪Ǻˡ
ȴûץ㲻ţֻһЦϾһҵõƣȥ似ϰ似ͲҶ֣˵ǻǲǣ
ƨ
Ӧ׹һʲôڣһǸҷ᲻֣
ǾͶԼսɣƸңȥ似һˣһսһǲң
˫۽ŷдЩӡ
һ˿ӣ÷ŭɶڷҷʮ꣬ڣȻţʵڿɶ
ɨһԺڶΧ۵ӣǴ˷ӦĻɨأ˶Ǹˣ
ˣ֪һöƣҲܲӦ
кβңҵģȥ似ұַ֪һ죡
һӻͳһöŵƣֱӸ
ֽסƣ΢̣ˡ
һĻǺĿɿڴԭΪͷһأȴû뵽ƾ仰õƣ
ңȻŵҪͷԼսѵ֪ʵȺҪǿöࣿ
ǽ似ٳĻʵ٣Ͼڵ似ɲôġ
ƾ˾սʤֱ˵ǳ롣
е뷨ҲΧ۵е뷨̷̤¡ܺȣְԼսЩŵӣǲҶ˵ʲô
ȵȣȵȵȵȣ
뿪ʱһȸŮһĿ⡣
ţһɫŵӷӰææȺд˳һȴһŮֻɫ࣬ҲǳһǱ
˭
ðô
㣿ʲôѵǸı⣬Ҫ𣿡
Ů֣бһۣ漴ĳЦ
ޣͷ
Ůġޡһ漴ȵȻλʦܺˣҲһģô
ԣϷʣҲһף㣬ŶûУ
ûǸӿ
Ůӵ˵ԭ㻹ǺԼλʦܣ·Ȼ˵СЦЦ
һɫʱˣƨʲôģ˵ҷôСѾͷ
Ͷλʦܵʤˡ
ŮһЦţһߴֵָָλʦܴ似սˣĸԸ㣬ʱˣøңյõö໪ҲøңΣ
ߣ㵹Ǻô㣬Լ˲
Цһǰʹ͵Ʒҩ໪ε˶Ϸڴģ
ޣ㻹ǺλʦˣǾ㿩
ŮϴԵϷʣתҪȥ
ȵȡ
һһϣɨΧһۣΧ˶ָָ㣬ʱ޹⣬һҴӦԼǣʱɱ𷴻ڣ
𷴻ڵŶ԰ɣҿɶλʦĵĺܣ
ǽŮһЦ
㻹Ҵˡ
ƳһۣдԵĲмСڷǸڣһֻǸ㾹ڴὫһܣֱЦ
𣿿Ӧø㣬λʦܲŵڶ죬ովͰ̷ºͺˡٽ似һ֣
ŮЦĻ÷ɫ䡣
̷ºͺ
ôܣǸô̷ܻ£ƾܴӮ̷£ҲԲǺĶְ
粻ʱĿģȻֱת뿪ˡ
ǽŮ״æѾӸ
λʦܣȵѽ
Ů׷Ҫһ
㿪ĿŮ
Һվͬһߵģǰɣҽ֣죡
ŮЦ˵ţƺѡ


15 ķ
˽ŮֵĻЩȡ
Ҳ죿
ʡ
ѽһǷӿסƣѹֻܿ㷭ˡ
Щյ˵
һɫŵӷĵҲȻģʵΪʲô㣿
ŵʱǷճΪµ£ͿˣҸޣôû۹⣬Ҳڸһɣ
Ƕĵ˵
ԣеΪĬʵҲ֣е׳û뵽оȻ˷
߰ɣҿǱȴȥ似󿴿ɵüˣ𹼸һƬ㵽ʱӮǷö໪ġ
תۼ任ɫЦ˵
üͷ΢壺໪ĵҺιأ
ԼҾеˡ
һЦû໪ӮҲûʲôôǺܱ
ұԸȻ໪ҾܾĻ̫ɵˣ
һЦ
໪ƷҩصһƷ޵òʿ֪Ӯ໪ƾ˳Գأ
Եҩ˵ϣһöҩ൱ö
һΪȻ˶Ҫöࡣ
ִ似ȥ¸ۼΧ۵ˣȻҲ׷ɢȥ
в˲δȥԶԶֺ似ȥ׼ſϷ
˵շƵֿ֮࣬ܵõȤġ
¸ԺУָȥһ֮Ҳ似ȥ
Ҫ似ڴţֻҪг̶ܹ֡
ܻܺĻɫҲֻ·һҾ͵似ʱ򣬲㻹֣Ҫҡ
â˸ûΪ˺˾¡
ȷˣ̷֣£̷Ҳ׷Ź
ȻҪԶԸñ˵ģͽ衣

ڣ似
ϸ˵ǿ似ղ似У似֮һɽУɽԶ͵ɽϡ
ŵӶûʸ̤ɽΪŵӣ͸ûʸˡ
ʱ˿̣ǰһʮɸߵľϸ¥㣬ŵֻ̤ǰ㡣
˺ˣ似ˣЩȥɣ㿴Ƿںأɱ˷ʱ䡣
似˼ִۣߴٵ
һۣ˵ͷ⽿Ůƻû֣Ȼܸһ似Ҳ֪᲻ᱻ۸
ܿԼˡ
̤似ȥʱֽһȻֱһ·ˣ
Ůǹ龫ǲõˡ
Ұܸ˷ѾͷҲ϶ίǻֱ·ɣ˲ˣȥƹţҲһġ
ţ漴˼˻һ̤似С
ƣʾһ¡
̤似һ϶ȵ㴫С
ͳƣӡš֣ɳϿƣ·ַȥ˸޷졣
ȥɣ似һһȽ򣬲ȥڶ㡣˵ڶ㣬սõ似
ǲԾȴԷԵøĪ⡣
ƽͣ¶ݣһһ㣬ɾͻպӰˣ
⻰̺һ˿˱ǺõģимȭմлǰȽȥˡ
ǰӦеòҲʲôס
˵⻰֮㾶ֱ̤似һ㡣
似ռ൱һ㣬ֳܹһ˸ÿǽ϶ӡһķ
ڴеķһ˵ķǻ
似ķǿ̫޵սķȴٶȣӶ硣
֮⣬ܴٽѭӿָһõķ㹻ڹؼʱ̲ߵء
ڵķ
ķȻҲڴҪ֪سڵķҡ̷ңûķģҪķֻܵƹߴ֮һҲΪʲô̷ᡢƵ˻ŵԭ
似һѡһеķ䣬нʯס
֮Ŀⷿķ¶ʯڣʯϿһЩһѶֺͼ
ˡ
ϸ۲ʯϵֺͼͻȻ֣ЩƺԺдڹһʶ
̺ϢϿɽϵ⾳ϣ
ܿ췢һ㣬¶֮ɫ
ڵĶķµϽйȷȥôϿɽϵģͿ϶ķ
ôϿɽϾʲôܴһֺϵ⾳
Ȳô࣬Ƿͷţҿɲʧˡ
оâһȰȥڶ㣬ѡ似ֻܸаջܷ
һţһڷ£⾳ɢ뷿ʯϵںһ
ûã㰴һض·ߣʼ򣬾ȻһӾͳɹˡ
⾳ڰ
˫Ŀһ˿ɻŪ⾳ʲôΪʲôڵĵӶûܹ
ôʱ򣬸̤似ʱǸһδ
˵ôôԭϰ˵Ǹ⾳Сӣ
Уһ˿Ц⣺СӣҪ֪⾳ɲôģžһ˿⾳ʵܿɹܿɹ󰡣ڵڣ˺ĵ֮⣬ûܹһ˿⾳ġ
Ȼɻ̲סʳǰ֪⾳ʲôĴڣ
ÿһķڵŵĺľж̺ŴߵĶ򰵺ط򣬶⾳طıɽһǡ
Ц⴫ķʱ츳ܴ߱⾳ʼܣӶܹһ˿طǷѾһ˿⾳Ӧܸ˰ɣ
⾳̺ǿľѹսЧ
˵ͷ˵
ˣѹ̺ط򡣡
⾳ֻһΣܵеϣǽǿ󣬲˵̫ԶˣڣϤһķɡ
õģǰ
˵ͷڽ⿪һ⣬ɲ١
ԭ⾳ֻǶķ׶Σ⾳֮ϣϡңвֻһ⾳вٺĵӶ⾳У϶Ͱ˷ƣ
ҵŸո𲽣ҪŬСѾӦÿȥڶѡ似˰ɡ
¶ڴ֮ɫ


16 ħ
似ڶȥʱ似֮ĿյϣԭԽھۼ
ûãһȺ˴ӵһźɫ׳˶ӣ似ſڡ
׳˶ӣ絶Ƿһ˫쳣һ㲻ҪܿȻʵǷ
һȺ似ɨһܣ˵ȥ̽һ£СĶ
磬㿴ǷҵķţǷ϶似ˡ
׳˶󣬸һȹŮһģ֮ǰѵ̷¡
Ȼ׳˶ӣӦþŵǰ̷ˣ
̷ͷһ̷£ϸֳ簮ɫİ¶ǷҽˣҾ񣬸׼ŵӵһϯλûʱ
ȻʱޱȣǷ˾ˡ
һȹ̷г˳ޣݵ˵
ǸȻڴ֮ͥ½ˣߵڵϹ󾹽߶ϣڶ·һҪĴۣ
ʱ̷£Ǳ̷ĸ̧ڵϣԭ̷̷°˵ģ̷ִҪۿŰ̧˹

̷һʱһɫ˳ĸ֮һ
̷ʦ֣¾ܷԸ
һںڣȴż㣬ȫ¡
ո̤أԸصķӦòɣ
̷ᵭ˵
̷ʦַģҷСӴܣ
¶֮ɫصǿȥԸһصģֱС˼ɱţ
Ҳż֣һӣǷȶ־ˡ
̷ᳯһԱĿķɨһۣԷ˵
ǡ
ͷǡ
̷̷ָ˵仰ת뿪ȻʱҲޣŵӵһɲһ򵥵飬Ҫɣؽȱ˼ӱŬС
似⣬ĵȴ֣ҪԼսԴ֤Լʵ̷ºͷһˣͬڵҪÿ
֪䣬似ѾۼϰŵӣҪ֣

似ڣڶ㡣
̤ʼѡսõ似
ոһתӿգ˲Ҫ̫˼棬÷˼ֻ⾳ˡ
ڣܿսȻսõ似ˡ
似ڶУвŵѡ似û
࣬࣬࣬ǹ
似ڶ߶һЩ似ķ࣬ڵڶЩ似ŵӿѡġ
ܿ죬似ܸǰͣ似ڼûʲôԸġ
һ似ѣٳɣɹҲû̫ǿĹֻܰ򣬴˶ϲ
ڶҪĻֱ似似ҷЧõöࡣ
Ϊˣ似֮߳ûˣ˵ȴǼҪһ似
Ϊ似Ǿͻǿ͸׳ܼӡĸ
ڵľӡܹǿЧƷ似Ҫã˵Ժӡпܻһɱ䡣
˲࣬似Ҳ࣬һȥֻȼƷ似ֻһƷ似
͵ҩһ似ΪƷƷƷȵƷ似ڶ似Ʒ似ҲƷ似
ħ塣
һǱƷ似ҲֻûʲôƷ似Ż似ڶŵˡ
ǱȽŵĽ似ҪƷƷʵģֻнΪŵӲܹõ
ħ壬ǿʣСɣɣٴηͬʱǿһĻ似ҲܷӸǿ
һۡħ塷Ľܣһ˼ѡ似ˡ
Ȼħʱ쳣ʹ࣬Ҫÿһֶõ飬ʹ࣬϶ܹܵס
ȡˡħ塷֮һȦһ߱Ƚŵ似ǰ
似ѡ˾ͺܶˣκ˵ٶȶǷǳҪһκ˶ӡ
˲粽ⲻƷ似𣿡
ܿ쿴һдš˲粽֣ʱ˲粽ʱٶȣ㽫ȡ
似ʱˣĻһʱ䲻ˡڹֶΣӵоӡǿرҪȷħ˲粽˵
ȡ似ţ似ڶǼһ£漴Żص˵һ㣬׼֮ǰǸ䣬ʼ
ħ壬Ȼ似
似һ㣬ǲϵٴδдЩ⣬Ȼû뵽ѡ似
Ҳã似ܹɣЧԶ׼似һ;ΪѧСɡɡ۷ȵȽ׶Σܽħѧɹǲˣ
ֻзħܳѧ𡭡
ţȻ
似ÿҹرգ֮ǰһҪħ˲粽һ̶ȣĻ似Էʤ㲻
뷿Уһ߸ʯķ⾳һ߿ʼħϰһʱ䶼û˷ѡ
תɣκ似ĸħҪ޳ɣÿһ羭þĳ
ţʼշħصķȥ߶֮еܿ죬ȫһʹĸо·ֻС֮Ͽҧ
һԣ֪ǶһִȵľǰǿͣӶܾܳӡ֮ǿ
֮ϵʹÿʱÿ̶ǿģͷ¶飬ȫ¶ڷħŽ׶ζܲס
Ҫǻ˱ˣ̷Ůܾܳϲϴʹؼʹ鲼ȫ޷ֹֻӲĳܡ
ڴ󲿷ֵģҾħɹ˾սҲʲôΪڸĵط
ҲֻŻҪ似ˡ
һʱʱžϴʹ࣬ڽӽʱ˶ȫĴ
ˡ
ȫˮѴʪȫֱʱŷ֣ԭڴУӡЩȡ
ӡ似ٶҲЧ
ţ˫վȭͷֵħ̤ѧ֮ԭǧȻ˰˰ٽ似еõġ
ţԼӡ˲ӿ֮ľһΣֹȻ֮ǰܵɶˡ
ڣҼӡʱ䲻⡣
д󶨣ʱ䣬ǰһֹһͷսİոˡ
һ컹δҹ似رգаϵʱ䣬ȫ˲粽


17 С
似ʱ似ѾȵЩͷˡ
С似ڹãѵΪʦ̷ֺʦû𣿡
ٺ٣波似һʱ䣬Ҳʲôǿ似
ʱзͷ˿ţСӾܲˡ
۷׷ף˻÷̷ΪľǷֹǵȵòͷ뿪ĻһϷ
̧ͷɨһܣһ
ԿɱеĶҪãȻƢ𱩣ڹؼʱȻƢ¡
̷¶֮ǣûȵ֮ǰ뿪ˡ
ҺúÿţһҪǷСãܣ
̷ڵϣҧгݵ˵
һԾϢԲмһЦ̷ʦ÷ģƾصСӣѵܷʲô˻ɣ
ˣȻҸǰҲû취
̷º޺޵˵ţʱ򺫽ܵһĻʱͺҲΪǸ˭Ǽһﾹܽͺܣ
ڵķأǷô죬ܿԽؾܷˣΨһҪĵľǼһˣʲôֶΣԼų
ȻųϺٹŵ֮˽ֻҪһ㶼ûʲôϵȥųӦҲʲô󰭡
Ϧ£ҹĻܿ콵٣似ϰ˵ȴûϨ𣬷ԽԽˡ

似ڣʼ˲粽
̤Ͽȵʱ򣬶ʩչ˲粽ˡ˲粽Ľܣ֪ʱֻǽ˲粽Сɣӯ磬첽ǰС
˲粽ɣ˲ϢһԽԶľ룬͵ϮĻ˵˷ʤ
ʣ°ϵʱ䣬Ҳûܽ˲粽ˡ
ֻҪܽ˲粽Сɣӯ磬ٶȿɲֹԸӦòˡ
һ˼ţһϸ۲졶˲粽
ܿ죬еļأĳ·ȫתûãȻоԼƺһЩ
ȥĹؼǲ
ţȫйɵתɸп似档
ͬת·ߣͻȫͬЧӶ絮˳ǧǿ似ƾƿط
пͿʼǰӡȻȣܵӰ죬Ȼ˲粽ʩչ˲粽ٶһӿࡣ
ʱȥ˫ۣվ
ˣ˲粽ѧ
һʼתһ˲٣ڷ֮ڱУٶȹȻǰɣ
˲粽ΪƷ似ֻдﵽСɣսвʱЧ
ȦϤһ֮󣬱ͣ½Ų
ٶȣðй۲似ϾΪˣ
ӵȻ˷Ƿħ塢˲粽ʱ㱻ٶȣʷϼֱδţҿܷһ
似ϵİй۲Уޣһֱ˽ҹʱ֡
˲粽ΪƷ似ǷǳģѶȲ̫ߣܶŵӶ׽Сɾ硣
ƾһϾͽ˲粽Сɵģʷϻֹ
ǰӡı仯似ʱٶԶˣΪӡȻܹ似ת·ת
ƾһ㣬עҪ似ˡ
˲粽Сɣ
ٴվȫӯ磬תֻҪ˫ϣԼٶȱƽʱɲֹ
ң˲粽ʩչҲ̫սһֱ֡
ֲ似ȹ似ţ׷ܣ似Ǳرġ
һʹ½˵ʲôҪģ
Ȼ
𹥻߷似似ڱȻЧá
ħѧ˲粽Сɣ似Ҳ˿Ҫرյʱоˣ뿪˷䣬似̤ȥ
ϥҲ֪似ضзڵпܻˣη壬һ̣ڴܾˡ
Ѻƣҿʵǲôǿ
ţܿһ̤似
ȴû似һૣӾžޣֽ֮һǿߣڴƹڶ桭

¹ɴӰ߲似ĿյϣϰٸڵһãҺλ׼ۿϷ
ҹʱ֣似ӴѾȥʱ򣬹Ӱ¹Եø
һ֣似̾Ͳһˡ
쿴СڳˣŲӯƺʲô似
ȻˣǺõȣϣҪŵùģҪȻǽɾͰ׵ˡ
ߣҲû취̷ʦûŹ
۷׷ףɨдЩͲмǶСӲ֪ߵغ񣬸ռھ˲񣬱ҪѵС
ȴû״ȫǱƵġ
ڣ˾ǰ
ҳˡ
̤似һӾҵȺĸߴķдЩĮ˵
㻹ҳ
վӵҾ֪ԼսǺεȴľ
󲻴˵໪û
˰֣תƻʵ
໪ߣ㻹໪⣿
һЦϴŲмѵﻹӮֱǳ룡
ιιιԼԼӺɷ˵ɲܷڣ
ʱһӰһ˳֮ǰ֣ܵ
ʱ֣һ׻ɫһͲڷŵĵӷһӣеҪ·ӡ
һһ̣֣׼ˣֱѾڵ˼𣿡
ֻعͷһ˫۾ɵϴ󣺡˵ôֲԼСˣǴһˣҾʹȥͷһסأ

һһֱˣѾͷȻƺΪǿɶ
һֵĴ磬֪ܲѾͷĴ㣿
ߣˣѾͷҲܲΪ˱˵Ҳعأ໪ʹˣбµľðɣ
һ׳˶ǰнܿ˿յ룬


18 Ϸ
似߳Ϸݡ
˺˼Ⱥ۾Ķų˲ţһߺȳͣ
λʦãҿǰ׷ѹ򡣡
һŵӲмһЦ˭֪ÿµ£ǿҪΪŵӵĴڣҲ˵ŵеʵǰСôǷĶ֡
ϻô࣬¡
һ֮ǰ˵Բ̷ºͺĶأأ
⻰ŵӶʱһĿֺһۣ˵
һڵϵ̷£⻰ҪðĿһɨһۡ
ŮˣȻӱС㣬СҪۡ
̷ºݶ˵
ķ˵̷ʦãȰǸˣԸǸŮ˲١
ߡ
̷º޺޵ûٳĻеģϾҲǼΪŵӵĸˡ
У似Ŀյϡ
ϾĶдһĨɫʣ似Уǲʲô似Ӷҵţ
û򳬼似Լ𣿶ְɡ
һЦŷ˹ָ
ɵ˼ԣ÷𽥱漴̤ǰһ˵Բվ뿪
̤ǰڿжһȦƣɾת˲

һ֪似ʲôˣո似Ҳˣ˲粽һƷ似似ԭһ
˲粽Լ磬Ӷӿٶȣȴ𶯿첨ƣԿƶԼ塣
ڳѧСɽ׶ΣЧû̫𣬵˴ɣȫһˡ
ɾ˲粽ܹ˲ϢһԽɾ룬ٶȼӿ쵽£
ɾܹ𶯿ƣѹΧ˵ж
ΪҪŵӵǿߣȻɾ磬һƱɢɲǼ㽫С
ʱһЩѣɾ似ȫͬն
ӡ
һʱžӡȣͨɫ·ӿȫ
ҪԿأ˴似ķӡĻǲܵġ
һ̣αЯղƣǰ
ȣһ
˫¶ɫͬľǿھй
һдɾ似ȣ
⾳ѹƣ
һҧ⾳ӿ΢ѹƣ漴ͨͨһȭ׼˫Ⱥ
ħĻǿʱһȭнҲǶʮƥ֮
һȭ˫ȣȻײǿھһΧɢʱ죬ס¹²˵ߡ
ȭͷϴһʹ࣬ȭɵ似ӲȻ·硣
ƾȭ۵ھԼ˫޼Σζƴûʲôˡ
һȭʱһһϣȻӵн˵
ͻȻʲôôܵһѹصƣͬϿȵʱһ
˼䣬ǰͻȻڷĳжһ磬ʧ˷С
ţ˲粽Сɣ
û׼էȻ侹ʧĿ꣬¶֮ɫôҲû뵽ֻһʱ䣬Ȼܽ˲粽Сɣ
ŵŵţ
һؽŲߴ˫𣬾ֱɨ˳ȥ
Ȼһ̣Լ˫ȾȻɨˣŲ漴ֱ롣
У
صһȭӷҲϮ˫Ȼû£ûа취
飡
һȭݺУƽⲻȣ˶һ£˺üȥ
ؼʱڼھҪȻһȭһֱ۶ϵ
ż򴦷飬ͷƤҲһ飬˼⣬صķôӵбǿ
أʮƥ֮ӵнʮƥ֮Ͻѹסˣ
˲ǧĴɾ似һӵȻ޴档
ýˡ
΢̣ȫûͣΣһ̣صһϮĺ󱳡
͵һأ
ȴҲǴȻ׼˫ٴãɨ˳ȥһȵֵĽһֱֱԴ

״һһƮˣ˸
Ȼɣܹͨ谭⾳Է谭Чǿ
˳֮£ơ
μϣ
ЩֲµʱһŮžȣһȺд
һŮʱ˲˵עԭרעųͷսȺ׷׽Ŀ⳯ΧȥҪҵνϵӰ
⻰Ҳһ
ãҿסŵһ£ó֪⣿
ʱЩţĿ⳯Χɨ˿ȥ
ֻȫΪֻз֣Ȼʼ֪ʤԼԶˡ
⾳ɱ
⾳ӣȫ֣ʩչ˲粽ٳŷȫȭŹ
ÿһĹǴӼΪĽǶȣ˵ңȫעȫֵ
һ̣ûôӦȭѾϡ
飡飡飡飡
۶ʮƥ֮ĺ÷ȫ޷ֵѪ˳ȥˤ˵ϣ
£ȫһƬžĿתƹȫŵɫʡ
ôһʤˣ
Ƿ۷ôȻһصСӻˣ˻ԣȫ˵Ԥϣ
ģ㻹Ӯˣ
һӷǡμϡŮһŻɫĻӰһ볡Уܵ˵صķߡ
Ӱ˭
ոһμϡֱ˷һٵ֣ش
ʱֻԹȥķԣ·˼£ܿȡһöƺһµСƿӡ
־¶һĨЦݡ
໪ˣţ
ֽԼպ֮󣬱㽫СƿӸ˲Զ
ֽסһȻһҩƷҩ໪ɣ
ûһһЦ㴫˹ǱΪ飬ʤ֮䣬ҷҪԭα¶Ϊʦܱ𣡡
˳ȥȴһɫ꣬ӵϵ̷ϳ
꣬Ƥڣ¡𣬿̷ĸ෽ǰ̤صΪ磡


19 
ܵʱΧȫǴûȻıȷǿ
վеʱһμо
ܷ˵һ⣬һμϡսӰ첻С
ԷǵҪʲô취
һ߹귽¶һЦݣԭǷʦ֣Ĵܹһʦҵҡ
⻰ȻǳмҲЩƮƮȻˡ
죬˵Ĵô˵Ѿܳˣ
ҲԣŶʮ꣬Ѿ̤صľ磬һºܴڽʼҹŲ֣ĳɾͣѾ㹻Ժˡ
ߣ˵ʲôûã̷ʦҸѵܲġ
ϴЩ֮ɫбƳ˵
ӦõģѵӦõġ
˳е˼Ц˵Ͼʦȿ꣬Ϊֱŵӵİ
ǡ
һǷ
ԣԷʦֵΪˣǲռŵӵı˵ģ԰ɣ
һתͻȻʦҲأʦȴأ˵ʦֳֽѵӦõģҲʦֿ϶ǲԸġ磬ʦڴ໪ʱʦֽѵҲ˵ʲôлˣΣ
λһڣһԵ˿
Ϊ˵ûҪأû뵽ֻΪȡʱ䣬໪ѡ
ΧΧȺһ㵣벻˵һ
Ҳ֪ԼǷĶְ
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Ҳһ̬һĻʱһӣ໪ŽµĵҩЧסҪƾ˽أܣҷ͵һʱΣ
άô໰ΪάԼȿꡢΪֱ󣬵Ҳò֮ˣ֣ɶ
һԵϵ̷¼״ϸֳ޺֮ɫڷҲö˵ֻҪ󷽿ܰѵˣ
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УһнһУ׼ȷİŷֱһУͻȻ𣬴ɾ˲粽˲Ϣһ͵Ϯ
顣
ڵϣֱӾʧȥʶһȭȫûз䣬ܵشȷأҪڴɺüˡ
ɣɡôô˲粽ɣ
һԵȫˣ̲֮סʵ
ԣһЦȴûн͡
ʵϣ໪ҩòһʱոյһʱ˲粽ˡ
ڸһսУ˲粽ʵսϼʶ˷򵽴ɾ似öһ˿
ƾžӡЧոһʱ֮Уڽ˲粽ɾ磡
ȫһƬžĿɿڴĶųС
һأΪŵӵĸ֣ȻһļһˣҪǰ˵Ƕš
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Ȼ
ƣسǷǿţںĵӣһϮ£һ㣬΢ЦӺڰг֣ⲽ


20 Ե
ǾһϮ£һ΢Цһһ̤볡У˶סˡ
ƣںĵӣڳ˶˳
û뵽¶Ȼƶˣڽˣ˭֪ƺͷͬһˡ
ˣѶķƿ϶
ȺУϵ̷ϸŷƣ̲סЩ졣
ȻϳƵˣ̷ںĵǰʮҳӢδ϶سǷҵƶˡ
ڼˣ̷¶ʱоԼ׸Բ飬ƹȻ˫̷ܹҵӪ
̷ΣһŮ˼
濡ιϵҪΪʲô
ĶŷƣһϲģҽܽܣôҲҰ໪͸ˣ
ҵҲܣܿϧҺǺ졣
˵ţ̧ͷͷƶһۡ
ʼձ΢ЦĻЦһõܣ㾹˵ǲǺĻǼ⣬ô죬ǳΪϰ
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֣ΧˣԼʩֵķƣЩˡ

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پȴȻ侲˼
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ǰϻ֮ǰҲɷƷԼȣ⾿ôһ£
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ϾƵ̫ǿȻ֪Ϊʲôᱻɣһƣ϶˼ء
ְɣƣ
ڴʱһ̾Ϣ漴ֻǰһһź۵Ѿԡ
ϡ
Ƽ״Ȼ֪ԼѾûлˣӣѵô˲ɣ
ңΪܽɣ֮أܾŹ
ֻϧ似ĳ϶ˣҲܶˣֻպ㡣
ƣȻںĵӣȻҲΪһ;ң޾ͷ츳÷ʵ۷壬ִ˽𣡡
ϲϵȻ󣬵ȴȫ˶һ
԰һ;ң޾ͷǾȻΪһ֣һʱ䣬ʵ˷ѣ
֪ǡ
ԣвʵ˵꣬Ŀһ۵һۣƮȻתȥ
ת˲䣬ͻȻоһӿ֣̲סҪѪΪάԼӣӲסˡ
ʲôѵǴǷתƹ
ɫȥҾæӿٶ뿪
ŷƴҴ뿪Ҳ֪ûʲôϷˣһϯΪڣЩȥΪá
ɡ
۵ϣϵֶУæ˵ͷ
ǣϡ
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ҹɫǹ˸
µϴȥĿĵϿȡ
һϷƺĻ
Ȼȴû֪ڵһƬ̫Żļ֮С
ղžӡȻڿ⵽йصһЩܣ


21 ӡ֮
һƬ߶ãĻأҫĿػӿصռ䡣
磬̫ŵ£սӡ
оԼ϶ãС
磬磬ѵڵ磬̫֮ʱΪ硭
˫ۣȴоҲ޷ǰøֻ֪һμ䣬һδӾӡӿԺļ䡣
Ƭ磬ֻֻ̫Եڣȴûпκλڡ
֪˶ãңԶУһɫӳܿзŴ󣬾һͷɫȻ߷
Ȼ壬ȴ֪Ǻ
ģ֮
ŵȥֻͷ֮ӰգÿһɢĺɫƱ㽫ǴĿռǻĲΣԶƬռǿ֪ٱ
ƬΨһף
·µĵۻʣ֮н֮ռ䶼ɫĻȼһɫоòϨ
֮ڸ߿հ裬綼·ܲûãͻȻһ⽵Ȼھ֮֮ϣ
һ⣬·ʱͿռȫֹͣǿ֮޷
ڣۻһľ֮췣׹ӡ

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ʼƯھ֮׹λãλãھ֮γһƵɽȣɽеǾ֮ӣĴɽڶӡضµĺɫ·
ɽ֮У̣ʼγһ䡣
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ӡڸտµʱ򲢷Ǿֻ֮һͨӡǡ
ӡǣӵоر仯ÿһر仯ͻʮ
һر仯ӡǾΪӡ
ԭˣصʱ򣬱ӡһر仯ѼǿԼһر仯أǿԼʮͬʱܹʩչӡ츳似˿ֲ
ϸ۲ǲ˵ܿŪ˾ӡһЩɳɡ
κйϵĲ֣ȴһƬģ壬ȻƾڵΪ޷⵽̫߲εļ䡣
Щ䣬֪Լѡ似ȷġ
ΪǸ֮ˣΪܹܾӡÿ˴С似Ƥ֣ˮ֣ǹ룡
䣬･ģ
⵽һЩܣȻɻĵ
Ǹ֮ˣԳΪĴˡǰʲôϵ
Ϊλ󱻿¾ӡ磿
ЩʣԶԶò
ģɢͷƺһŮӣɴ߹ȴԵģ
ŮӴӼңԶĵطȫУΨһ˫һ˫֣ƺմߡ

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ϵľӡŮӣҿϵôǣ˭ΪʲôҪҿ¾ӡ
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ŷڸԼϥǲֵ˿ڣǴ˿ڣȻѾϵòˡ
̧ͷܣһݣģҲ֪ʲôط
Ķ
ʵ
ǰϺͺסĵطϿ֮ۡ

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Щɻ似ſڻȥ֮ǰԼƳƺ似ΪϡôðϺͺϣ
ڵĻڳϣ似ϵĺѡ
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ԣ˵ͷʲôʵһ˶ã
ˣһΪ͸ء
һ
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ȫûʲôʣƺΪ˰£Ӷӡ
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ʶ϶иεĹϵҪȻϲΪһͨѣһöƷҩġ
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ͻȻ뵽֮ǰ糤˵׵Ĺˣѵǰλϣ
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һţǰӡǣӦ㸸׸µİɣȻͷҲ֪ʲôպɾͣضСӵ㹻ǿʵȻ֪㸸׵¡
˵ͷа룬ȻⱲ˭֪ȴԿ϶ӡǾԲµġ
ΪļǵãӡԽ֮ǰûеģǾԽӡǡ
ңڷŵģУ¾ӡһŮӣƺ֪ΪΣֱԺһκݶ޹ء
ȻԶӡϵϣǵҲǣ
Ĵ˲䡢֮Կ϶԰ϵĲǾԲ֪ġ
СӣҲӲġ
ϰ׻һתͻȻЦ֪ڵķˣ
ƣôˣ
һ㶣治֪ôˣΪƶ˰֮ãȷʵǺ֪ǰԵķƱ֮ûʲô֢


22 ֮Ԩ
ڴɫϺǺһЦһѰ׺ӵƣںĵǰʮţء㸸׵ĸȥ¶Ҫжɹ
ȻΪӡĸйأڴˣδֻЩ֣ˣ

ϵһЦҪչ£ϼһﵱȻ֪似һƣܵķԭǻ֣أôܽȥ֪㸸׵ݺ󣬵ҲûʲôˣǼһ϶ʲô
֪ǷƾȻӡˣϢ£˲ᣡ
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ţһȫȻصһǧ̶ȣӡȻԼǿһУͻ֮ǰûʲô仯
ˣСһڵΪأаʱ䣬ǻʼҹŲֿʱڰʱ̤أʸڽУȡĪԵ
ͻȻ˵дЩڴ
ʼҹŲ֣
ɻ֮ǰûй顣
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⣬Ϻźǧ˿ڵĵӣܹԼʮҡ
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⣬ÿһЩ£ŲжпܳһЩƷŲΣЧƷŲθáױȵʱĿޡ
ƷŲγ֣ζֱܹһ磡
ȻƿĻ⾳ûôصأҪھųһƿѰ޶ҪѲʱͷ
ڳƷŲ֮ϣмƷŲΣƷĹŲλ֣ÿγ֣Ǳƻ֮ȡߣֲߴźӡ
СһҪͻأͷҲ㣬ǿԸһʾ
˵˻ʼҹŲ֮󣬽˵ɽ֮Уһ֮Ԩ޳ûУŵȥЧǲģɱһͷߣȡڵڵãԾЧһöƷҩɼһЩݣҲֱӷûɵҩΪòС
ݵҩڵ֮Ķ޶ֻзõһöʱЧã֮ãûʲô̫á
֮ԨֵطÿŵٶȥһΣܷߣնɱȡڵ
һǱͬõһöƷҩԾ൱ô
֪ˣлǰ
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ʱǷ֦ġʦáд̰һָ


24 
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25 ڵ
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26 ս
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úõһö֮ڵǰӷˣֱ˷ѣˣضܽأڰºʼҹŲˡ
һжִˣ磬һҪΪŻ
ضҧгݵ˵ȴ˿ûǲǰ֮о¡
Ȼ
ͦţȻ˵ţͬһҹеⲽǰƾɾ˲粽ʱҲֻ˲Ϣһڣ㻹ܣ
ҪɱңͶְɡ
ڵϣƺһжȥˣ
ȻˣҾͳȫ㡣
ڹһЦʤߵ̧̬һصĳȥ
һУ̺ȫǧľХǲУܹһŽȳϡá
һȭ˽ǣûκᡣ
һĻǰضŵ꣬ûһֹġ
УԼ㣣Ǿ͸
ضл¶һĨڴСӣȻ֮ڵ˽Էãڵ˸۵ʱˡ
ɣ
һȣһزȥȻ
飡
Ȼ죬ȻԭµȻһӰڷɢ
ʲô
һʱûܷӦڵôܣСôֻʣ²Ӱ
ڣض˶һȻСĶȥˣ
ǻܣûмӰɻ
ȻڴʱͻȻоԼͷһХͷ΢æ̧ͷһȴֻһ˫ϱЬӽ
㣡
Ȼ
һ죬һŲ˺׼Դϣһ̺Գļޣ
Ȼ
ں޷֮һŲ£˶ˤڵأӾȻֱӱŤϣĿ
ԭڸոյĹؼʱ̣оԼ˲粽ͻƵ۷徳硣۷徳˲粽ԭһӰȻ˲ϢԽʮɾ롣
һŲʱ˲ʩչ˲粽ԭһӰ˲ϢԽͷʮɴ
Ӹߴ׹ĿֲȻһڣ
֮Ҳûг֣Ӧֻʩչ似ʱγɣһţڸûüκηӦ
صʱҲ˵ϣΪһȻڣǷ̫֮һα۶ϣ
ȻͶһѾʲôˡ
ڸ߰ӰȻأԭڴһŲĸȫŴ죬ۣԼ
ڣһصŵӣȻһ̤صСˣ
磡
ضȫˣĸ磬Сǿߵĸ磬Ȼôˣ
ǿŶȵʹ࣬ǿվɨһضһۣδǵͷѳǼս
ӡˣ
ʦãӲɱ磬ɱڣ
ʱȴһ˿ٷӦ˹¶̰֮ɫ
ضɱ˵ǱܶǼսӡҪ֪սֻŵӲӵУŵ˵


27 
Ϊϣÿ˶רעԼʵǷǶԴж˻⣿
ڻܣԼҲܵ˵ʱʣ˵˼Ծˣ
ˣŵӣһأأΪȻߣһҲһɺǿ
ԭƵƣԭǿƵضҲƣ
˳ضȻڴ֮У޷ܣԼĸѾǰʵ
ȻڴʱһȣͻȻڷ
ס֡
ţһɫ볡Уһ֣ڵ˱㽫Ҫֵ˱˺ü
ӣϴż֮ɫһ˫дŸƣڵִϣ
ִϣǱȽҪĴڣרŴΥŹĵӡ
ѵ̧ͷִϵȴû˿ĸоӽ
Ϊִ֪ǵѣ
̸ϣˡ
ض̱һԣӵ̲ס¶һ˿ϲɫ
ض
Ӷض˵ͷȻϴʹϧ֮ɫͷһ۵ڵϵڣ󣬽Ŀ⼯ϡ
Ӻض໥ƺһƺ̸ⲻƣ
ڣ̸޴յĵӡ
̸Ͽһ˵
ԣҪӱ𣿡
侲˵ʾ֭˼ŶԲߣȻô룬ҲҲκᡣ
̸޴ΪִϣһΪٴﵽأѾͻǸޣﵽ˸߲Σ
ڵľ磬̫޷ǿƥС
йͷӦõģûУҲᶯ㡣
ϣ̸޴ȴǵ˵һ䣬ȻۣƺΪԼ֮ʹġ
֮ǰһ˿ɱ⣬ȴĲ׽ˣ
̸޴Ͽôִ
аԾ衣
龭Σ˭˵
̸޴ʵ
̸ϣ˵˵
ضһ˵̸ϣһ磬Լʦһ֮ԨԵɺһͷ֮
֮
̸޴һŵ˫üͷ΢壬˵ͷ˵
֮Һʦƴս̫֮ʦֶˣʱ֮Ҳľ
˵ض¶񶾵ɫ˵Ҫնɱ֮ʦǱʱͻȻ֣ҵȴˣ֮ڵ
̸޴һԲƺʲô
ԹۣҪضô
ضûͣЪ˵֮ڵ֮־һ·ܣȴڱҸ׷ϡҸڵùݺҸ磬
˻棿
̸޴¶ɫ
ţ̸ϣĺ˲ɱͬţֶˣԲϣ
ض񶾵˵
ȥ㼸⣬ضʵش𡣡
̸޴˵ͷڱִһ㣬ʼѯʣһλʦֻ֣صΪ֣Ҳ֮Ķ֣ɱ֮
һضʱһͣ漴Ӧ˵֮Ȼɱ
һԵЦһŮ˻ᴵţ
ڶ
̸޴δǼʵΪܼʱϵǷ㷢źţ
һ㣬ضûзϣֱӵ˵ͷǡ
Ϊܻڣ
ʳʱ̸޴Ŀ⼯ϣɫһ
ֶΣ֮ҺҸϣҸ˼̸ӦҲˣҸ类̵һ
ض˵ݺݵĶ
أض˵Ƿʵ
̸޴꣬ĿתƵԱŵϡ
ԣⳤϵĵӣ̸Ͽ϶޲ý֮ɣ
ǰ£ǲδ룬ԲǺʦֵȷǱԱֶλɱ
ͬͬʱ˵
Ȼˡ
̸޴һһڻʲô˵

ֱʱض˲֪ݣȻǸһƣȴƵɵµӣ
ϴ𾪣ǰżѻܷھܽصڶնɱҲ̫˰ɣ
ҪؽأѰô˵Ҳĸʱ䣬սƺѰ޸߳һΣ
ˣѵǸ̥ɣ
ض˵𾪣ʱȴһȻ̸жᣬαңο֮սۼڣ̸ǰһۣ֪ʵΣ
ʵȻԲ̽
̸޴˵ڣ㻹Ǹִһ˰ɡ
⻰Ǹκν͵Ļᣡ
üͷ΢壬дЩɻ
̸޴ɱôαڸոճֹ֣ŵΧɱ
˵̸޴Ǳִ֮ˣôҲܲ͵ĻᣬֱҪִˣ̸޴Ϊ졣
˼ȥ̲ס²⣬ѵ̸޴Լͬʱ乫ʲô˿
ʱһӵĴЦͻȻһд

Цһɫµӳ֣ϴſЦݣŲӡ·ֻһȴ̸޴ǰ
̧ͷԼĪʮͷ˫䣬
Ȼ꿴ڲͣһΪȴﵽɲĵزо̸޴ò
ڴЦгֵʱ̸޴ɫһ䡣

̸޴ĻЩŭ·Ӵ˶¡
ҺλֵͶԵҪߡ
긺ֶЦһۣ֮£ҶԣͲͷ̸ٲˣ
£ǹִùϽ
̸޴Цһ㣬ҪҲղţضѾ龭ϸ˵ʵȻˮʯ
𣿡
ӿһЦǿ̤ǰһ̸޴̸ϣӣΪ֮УղֺαؼʵϷҿڣ̸ҪߵǷǣûôף
̸ⷬ޴ɫʱͱˣһԵڻȻ
Ȼˣ
Ӵһʼ͸˽ʼĩ̸޴֮Աֹ죬ֻӸӿ
ֻǣӾ˭
ƺҲô̸޴һִ϶ɵ
̲ס²ݣϵˣǰϺͺϵˣ
ڣҲֻʶϣкִ϶ŵʸˣ


28 ѩսѥ
Բ²ʱһ۵̸޴Ѿɫࡣ
Ļ»䲻ˬ
㲻Ҫ̸̫֣޴ҪߵǷǣ
̸޴ŭһ·ǰһ

һЦ̸ϣ֪αعĨǣ˵ˣ
˵⻰ŲһֻһӰоԼ·Ƽһ㱻˴ߣٶȱʩչ˲粽֮󻹿ıֹ
̸޴Ȼûֹ꽫ߣգۼ㲻Ӱ
̸ϣ˭Ϊţ
ߣضвˬ̲סѯʡ
ںĵӵһˡ
̸޴д䵭漴ڵʬ壬д˰˲֣Ϊʦﲻˡ
̸ϣѵ¶ô𣿡
ضвʣ¶֮ɫ
˻Σ
̸޴һʱض޺øУ֮£㾹֪ڹˣˣڵϣҲΪ㣬һ磬ʰ뿪ڰɣ
̸޴ȫΪڣŻֹ£Ϊڱ
ڱضȻûκκøС
ʼĩ̸޴ΪִϣȻһ
ضһ⻰ʱˡ
̸ϡ
ۣ벻̸޴ȻҺһĵԣ
ĵӵһˣǻһֻڵ
̸޴ΪִϣȻһڵӣضҲ벻ס
̸޴Ȼ͡
ĸ֮£˭׼˵ȥ򡭡
̸޴׹һɨڳضһۡ
ӣף
ض⣬ľսĻش»ش˾ͱ̸޴ˡ
ոյȥȻ̸޴شӰ죬˵ȻҺҴ
סǵĻ
̸޴ɱ֣漴ͷһڵʬ壬ɱⲻ
ȻڵĳֻʱҪ̶ѣ
ڵʬ屧һһĳȥɫֻƬ̱ԭʧ
֮ԨУһĶǵĽĻ

ߣ۵糸֮󣬺ܿ쾹ȻصϿ·
Ҿ㵽ˣѾ֪ͨϣǻġ
дͣ˵ս츳ܸߣ˵֮ΪҵľУ
ǰޣлǰˡ
Ŷϴʹȭ˵
ǰѵҿ𣿡
һࣺҺһڵĵӣֻǺĵӰˣԽʦ֣
ĵӣ
һ㶣꣬Ȼֻڵĺĵӣ
ΪҲһʲôأ
һƾĵӵݱѹס̸޴ɼʵֲ֮£ͬΪĵӵķƾҪ̫࣡
ʹ½ʵһУֻǺĵӣֻҪ̸޴ǿ̸޴ް취
ǿʵĺô
ˣûôڣ̤أƽõڵսӡ֮Ԩһջ޴
һУǰĵӣꡣ
ʦ֣֪ʦܱصл
̽ȥ˵Ҫ׳Է֡
ҳݣ˵ˣڣ
һЦ漴һתŲһʧ
뿪Щͷԣһʲô֣ΪʲôͻȻְ
˵ΪǱǾԲŵġ
ѵͷйأ
ĵӲΣҲֻͷƴˡѲɣͷгԲŶעְ
ֻߣǺδıϵйأ
˼룬ܲ²ܿ죬ͨϿȶɽ·ϳһɫĽŮ֣
ôãųȥһ磬ֶˣ
ֱϽһڵصģĻ֪ʲô£
ٱйϲ˱ӣʵֲǿ֪ɱɱȣֵð²ܺ͸ˡ
¾Ͱ£ʱպȥʼҹŲ֡
˵ο˶۸ͷˣѵҾӦˣ۸𣿡
Уһȥ
ַ˷ۣһһɽȥ
Ȼм䶼ô⽿Ůϣܸܵһ־Υܰһֱĵĸо
ر˻ֹһ֮ľ롣

ʮ֮Ͽ֮ۡ
εˣΪǽˣϱȽѸ٣ϸһöƷҩʮȫָˡ
ΰϿ˵ˣ´ˣɾû˵ҩˣԹԵȼָɣͺͷһ
ԴˣЩⲻȥٸһѡĻᣬǻһľٶ
һȻֵһ׬ˣ
ο󻹵õһսӡ
ֻ˵ӡʺ˽Խӡߣ˵ҪȥŻȡһս
ʮȴһֱûиϢ͡
һ磬Ȳ߳ݣ±ϣյĺŲ衣
ϡ
ǰһѯʵ˵ȫָʱ򣬾͸ʦֵ𣿡
ôҪ֪֣
źӣǺһЦ
ϸ֪
ȭ
ʮ˵ʱһֱһǱߵӡĵӵˡ
Ҿ͸ˣ㲻Ҫڡ
¶ȤɫݣںĵӵһˣΪƹŴ֮һ֣У
ںĵӵһ
ƹŴ֮һ
ɫ΢䣬û뵽ݾȻôˣƹ
һӰϿ˵֣̲סһ㶡
У
У֮֮С
Ͻ˵

Щƣ־˭ȡģֲõʱ˵
ˣôܹУ
ƫƫоǲУ
ҿҪ㣬֣򲻿ǰ𣬶ƺһ䡮ʦ֡
϶һ٣Щࣺף
ˡ

ˣҸոսɣѩսѥ
ĵͷһ֣һ˫ѩ׵ѥӱǰ
ѩսѥ
ǰһǰϳŵӡĸʺս
ս͵ҩһΪƷƷƷȵƷڽŵӵĶƷս
յ˵ⱩѩսѥͬƷսȴƷսһԣһоˡ
ţлϡ
ӹ˫ѩѥӣϸ۲һ¡
ֻ˫սѥͨѩ֮ɫȫһֱѩɣһ־͸оһ֮ϮΪѩսѥ
Ҳ֪ս֮ʲôЧ


29 
õѩսѥ֮Ȳ䴩ϣҪЧ
ʱ̹ǵϢ˫ȫΧ̲ס˸£ȴϲ֮ɫ
ΪԸо˫ѩսѥ̺֮ı֮ٶȣ
˲粽Ѿɣ˫ѩսѥҵٶһ
ţ漴磬ɽʩչ˲粽
ٶȣһֿۻңĿת룬СȻ˵㣬ǺͱӲƴ似ٶʵ̫ˡ
ű죬ڣȴȻصΪ似ֻںѡ˲粽ڲŵСɾ磬̫Զ
ÿһսܹԵĴڡ
Ϥѩսѥʱ򣬰ϼһеĽ⣺սദˣսϣսܹչֳսӵʶҪսϣȴô׵飬зҲ̲㣬ֻԼˡ
սϣ
Щȣÿһսܹԣӵʶ
⵹һΪսֻһͨսıˣû뵽ʹ½ս˲ͬѰ
飬֮ǰδ˵ô˵ҪսϵѶȿ϶С٣糤Ǽ˷ƷսͭŽ϶ûԵġ
ʱȲȥ룬ǰʼҹŲֻʱ䣬죬ȡѷħһ£˲粽ʱûʲôռˡ
ţȻһʱ佫ѩսѥٶϤУʼȫħ壡
ʼҹŲһУ˻ڵһЩ֮⣬šǧ˿ŵꡣ
Убˣ
ٲУ
ţһηصңżɱʱأһõ˷糤ıͭŽսǿ
Ҫ֪糤ıͭŽƷսӵеӡǿöࡣ
磬ûôͻƣǷϱͭŽܷӳԱǿһΡ
ħɣԲǷĶ֡
ħҪСɣҪǣҪɣҪƤ⣬̣ǼʹḶ́
ʹ࣬£ֻҪ׶Σħɣ忹ᷭϺü
ֵõġ
ǣ
ݵϣȫȫ֮͸룬漴ֻоȫ´һʹĸо̲סһҧ
֮ʹ֮ǰľ֮ʹٱ
Ҫǣûг־޷ȱľһƴ
ʱʱʱĽ¶ʹ֮ɫ̲סЩǡ
Ҫǰ˵似ʱʹޱȣֻΪʲôء
ˣҲ̲סЩۡ
͡
ĬĬΪ
ʱڴӴǵʹħ壬Ͳε־ڴﵽСɵľ硣
Сɾķħ壬ҵĻ˲٣ҽǵĿüǿ
һĨâͬµĹӴֻ˼ҵƤ⣬޷ݻҵĽǣ
ħɣƤⶼͬһ㣬֮µĹͬ
ڷħ似˵У֪ɾķħ۷ħ֣ǿ
ûдﵽأҲţħ֣Եֵһͬµ似
ħĴɾ磬ﵽ
дż㣬ûϢһνС
һΣƤ⣬ֻǸտʼƤǹ˿Ƥ϶УѪ˿
·õӻ˳ɰǧ£ܵʹ֪
ȫƤѵʹ࣬ӲǱҧһƤʹ̣һͦȥͬӼһ㣬ӵȫµƤ⣬Ӳ
ҹʹжɹȻƤڷɱ䡣
֮£һƤ⣬Ƥ⣬ӤƤỬͣ·𸲸һ棬üǿӲ
ħɣǡƤⶼȫиɻҪңҪӵбҸǿ
ˣɾķħ壬ħ֣˲÷
Ӳ֮ǰڵ似ӡųķУƾħҲǴ´࣡
ȻάַħҪĵ൱࣬Ҳֻڹؼʱ̲Żᶯá
۾վ¶֮ɫ
ڵǿߣսͲôˣٲܵôصˡ
ħ֮ȫӵеҲǧǧȷǳɹۡ
ǰʼҹŲ֣ȡƷŲΣһӦþȡ̤صľ磬ţ
ţһνʼҹŲֵĻᣬúðյĻʵԾ

ʱ˿̣ڱѡǰʼҹŲֵˣϿ¼ᡣ
ܹʮˣȫڶʮ֮ǰʹﵽص֡
ٻٻǷҵǸҲҪǰʼҹŲ֣ôڻû
ȺУһ絶Ƿ׳˶ӣֳΪͷ֮ɫΪԼжӣȻʮ˵һ
׳˶̷µ̷ֳᣡ
ڵ̷ᣬзͷһʱΪڼǰɹͻƵأԾǿʵΪŵӵһˣ
ʱ̷ᣬ²ŵʮ꣬Ȼǰ;пͻصĽޣ̤һΣ
ĳɾͣȷƸԺգ˴ǰʼҹŲֵʮУҲ̷Ϊǿ
̷˵һŮʮģһȴޱĮ߰ӳϵǿԿͷƳеƣȻҲسǷҵˡ
ٻٻãȻͱȷСΪȴȷߣﵽأͬڵŵӣ
̷᲻ͷĻٻٻһҪǷǷҳʲôϵôԿȥϡ
ʮ˵ǰһĿ似ϡ
ʱ˿̣ϲδۣһԲ֪Щʲô
̷ΪŵӵһȻʸ˵
ϣǸôǵǰŲ֮ǵʱõ
̷ϣĳʵ
ⲻ𣿡
ϵ˵漴˻ͷһȻһɫ꣬һһϿȿ
ɫ꣬˴δڳţҲ˴ŵӵĲ
ǰжɫһ
Уٻٻ̷Ϊԣζɱ⣡


30 ǧ˿
ɱĸ֪˳ž˷ٻٻ̷˵ӰһӾϳˡ
ԭǷٻٻ̷ᣬ˾ȻҲҪǰ
ɫһһ߹
ֳλʼҹŲ֮УҶÿ
ٻٻЦһв˵
ʱգȻԡƣô˵Ҷ򲻹ǱҸ
ʾԷ
ɾȲ㣬ϣʵһӲ
ٻٻЦ˵꣬תȥ
мƤӣأһʲôʸԻ
ȴ֪ڰ֮ǰѾͬصڻɱˣ
ٻٻһԵ̷Ҫöࡣ
̤ص׳˶һ仰û˵ֻһɱʵԽ֣
㹻ŵˣмڶ˵ʲôƾ񣬱ܸ˾档
̷£߶̷һȣ̷ôĵö룬ŲһУ̷ضĶ
ֻϧ̷ɱΪ
ɱ˵û
̷ỹ˵㣡
ûԷֱ̤Ⱥ׼
ڼǰʼҹŲ֣Щһ˷ܣڲδͷٻٻ̷Ķݳͻ
Ⱥʮˣϣܹʮˣڴ˴ǰʼҹŲֵˡ
ÿˣ䱸һƥǿԿٸ·
Ǵﵽ˵е磬˺һնУֻϧƹָ
Զ⣬ʵǿ˵ôһ仰ʮͬʱ
˺һնУǶôǿ磿
Ƕǿ˵·ңɼ
ѾˣͣͲǰ˵ȴ޿ܡ
ͷҲأȴĴÿ˶УʼҹŲֻ֣һ;һСվΣգǧҪԼΪأ𣿡
ס
˷׷׵ͷһ;ʵΪ𣬵ʵĻϵġ
û̸̸ʵ
Ҷ
;һЩԵʱ˭ܱ־Ե侲ʱΪʵ˿¶ѡƴ
˷׷
ʼҹŲ֣λԱԶҲʮʱܹ
ضʮ죬ڹŲʮ죬ʼҹŲһУܹ㻨һʱ䡣
ȴӹŲֻҲҪʼˡ
ţԹ۲ԼͬеЩڵӡ
Լ֮ʮˣһɫŵӣʵأҲأ̷Ǵﵽأǿס
˵̷ʵܹսΪĵӣȴδˡ
ڣܹһ˺ĵӣҪŵӽĵӣսһĵӣսɹȡ
̷δӻʼҹŲֻ֮ʵٴȥսĻһԱܻøߵϾսĵӵĻᣬÿֻһΡ
֮£ΪŵӾҪ򵥵öࡣ
룬ֻҪﵽأȥμӳϿˣͨܳΪڵŵˡ
ΪŵӣŻάһƷսǿʵ
ӵбѩսѥŵʵҲûʲô̫ˡ
һεڣǰʼҹŲʮвûкĵӣ˵ĵӲǿЩĵӵ䶼Ѿ˶ʮ꣬Ѿû˽ʼҹŲֵʸ
˵һǧ˿һ츳ǿĺĵӲμӣ֪Ϊﵽ˺ֵز̷Ρ
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ֻҪ̤أ̷ظ֣û˿ķ̤֮صĻᣬڻʼҹŲС
ֻҪɼùŲΣزʲôѵ¡
һ·ڣԭҰտ죡
ڼ䣬ҲţǿʼתУ̺Ŵķǰطܹһ¥˵ܵеϣôսȻǿ
ֻϧʮʱȥû̫Ľչֻ֮ǰ򵽵⾳΢ǿһЩ
ҪϣأֲڵУ⾳ĶΪ˺ĵӡ
Կϧûͻ٣Ͼ̤ʱ仹ֻ̫̣Ҫ㹻ʱ䣬Լκ˲
ʮһɽĹųǳǰ
Ų֮ǣɴƹסģΪЧרŴǺŲֵľ񡣡
Ų֮⣬ϱ˽˵
̧ͷŹŲ֮ȥȴǳرسǶҪСö࣬ǽȴԺ࣬Ϊ˱Ų֣
źͻʳǼ壬ҪŲֵĻڹŲ֮š
Ų֮ǣŽգϲǰųͷϸȣˮƣŵˣ
ȻһͳŶʱ£˻ǺϷȻͨС
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ȻһŮӣȷǾԲһˣһӰһĴڡ
ֻǺӰȻܹվҵס˵ȥ·Եޱȵķ˼ˡ
ǧ˿ڵˡ
ȺУ̲ס˽
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üͷ΢壬ǧ˿ڣʲôͷôһֱӰӣ
תʱֱĺɫӰȴͻȻ˵ˣ
һȴЩŮЩڵӣƺҲôȺŵĻҪ
⻰һɫӰϴǹ
⻰ݣ˽һˬʲôε˲ôȺŵĻҪ
Եıӣ˴
Ψ̷ᣬһ侲֮ɫĪǾǧ˿
㻹еˣûʲôȤǹȥɣ
ǺɫӰһЦ漴ǰ֧飬ѸٻΪһ̣ʧ·ûгֹһ
ǧ˿
̷ʦ֣ǧ˿Ǻˣ
Уһصĸ߸üͷ΢壬̷ѯʵ
ǧ˿ǧ˿֮ŮҲǧ˿ڴ˴νŲֵΨһһĵӣʵ±Ҹǿ
̷˵ڹŲϣǧҪСģŮĺӲ
ԣԵ˵ͷͷһӰ
벻ŸյŲ֮ǣͱǧ˿ڵǿ˸ͷȣԵﲻмЩνԿ
ûô£ֻǶǧ˿Щ档
ǧ˿ڣʲôķ似ȻܲٿӰӣ
ȻӰܹ˵ôȻҲܹսӵйĶ֣ԤеһιŲ֮п»쳣ѣ
ȺǰͷϵɫҲЩ


31 ʳ
˼ǰУܿ͵˴ƻΪڰŵס
һװ൱µĿջڻĲҵǳܹʮ˴´ࡣ
ǸҸϢɣһ磬׼Ų֣ѰԼĻԵ
϶˷Ը⣬йǧ˿ڵķ似϶ЩϣǿйۿҾͲˡ
ܿ죬˸Եõһöйǧ˿ڵһЩ֮֮⣬ŵ似ķҲмء
õ֮˿ջ¥˸ߣԹۿصϡ
ǧ˿ڣķΪǧ˿Ӱ֮󣬱ܲٿԼӰӽս似Ҳɴǳ£ʤ
ٿԼӰӽս
üͷ΢壬뵽ǰڳſڿνǧ˿Ӱӡ
ǧ˿֮ˣӰӾȻֿܹӰӷӰӻ˵졣
ʹ½޶о˸ɣǧ˿ڵķ似ı˵ףֶβٿԼӰӰˡ
սʽǰδŲ֮ʱСģܿӰ֮أñ͵Ϯ
ţۿϵϣǧ˿˽һ˽⡣
ںŵ似ںҲûʲôֻŵķ⾳ôսͻ
⾳⾳ڵ⾳̺ѹطôŵĺľ̺ӦǺͺйصط˰ɣ
в²ţιŲ֮УӦò⾳Ķ֣ȴҲ˵һҪһЩ׼С
ϸоǧ˿ںͺŵ似ص㣬μģЩҪϣ˵Ų֮ЩϾͻһ
ʱţܿ͹ȥ˺üʱ
һͻȻ⴫
ʦܣڷ𣿡
һЩ

һһ·ϱȽϻԾŵӣ躮
躮ŵӣأ˵ڴ֮г̷֮ǿˡ
躮ӡҲǲģΪһ·̷ε躮ҲΪ⣬Ȼ˵ЩʾѺá
躮ڵŽᣬϣҶιŲԵ
躮ʦ֣ʲô£
룬ʵ
ģʦܣһ幫ҪŲ֮ǣλʦһȥߣܹʵ幫ǲʧΪһ£
躮⣬˵š
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еͷۣŲ֮Ǿǧ˿幫ô๫
Ȼף躮˵Ļ幫ǻʵĹǧ˿ȫֻһ˽ĳƺˡ
壬ƹĻңŲֵĽߣҲǴƹߴŵƿߣ
һĨâ
֮ǰԼ˵ʵƺǻʳһҵӣһ죬ǰƻʳǡ
ڼȻ幫ҪôȥһҲǲġ
Ȼʦ룬вȥ֮
һ߻شһ
Ƕǻ幫ȤҪƹĻҾкηɣ
ȻʦܴӦһǿɾһ𣬿Գˣ
躮һЦ
򿪷ţһŰɫĸ߸꣬ţһͲøС
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ʦܣǶˣ߰ɡ
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󣬼¥¿ջſڹȻѾĸ˵ţȴ졣
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˽У˹Ų֮ҹĽֵϡ
ʼҹŲ֣ƽŲ֮Ƕ൱ģŲ֣ʵǻ彨һ԰ˡ
ԣŻһһΣһЩšǰժŲΣΪƹδǿߡ
ףǺŵˡ
;Ȼۼ⣬Ƽ˲Զͬڽֵϵŵӡ
һʱһ㶡
ȴŵУһŮɫȹһͷڼϣһѹͭɫĳЯ䡣

һۿŮǷЯŵĳǷ糤ƷսͭŽ
ڷԣһŽµ˧꣬ߵĽóӦùϵ
ţŵȻҲˡ
ڵˡ
ǰľ躮ɣû֪ʵΡ
Ůӣʱ
ʱͷڿȺе
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ı飬Ե˧꿴ɻ󣺡㿴˭ˣ
Ҹ˵Ǹôܳ
˵üͷ١
Ƿ
Ե˧һ㶣漴˳ŷĿ⿴ȥڿ
ʱһȻ躮
Ԥ֮УûʲôϵֻΪˡհһ»ɣڷŲ֮еʱ档
ԷȴԷ
ֻ˧ЦһȻֱڵķ粽
һŮӰȻҲԹۣ׷׸˹
ۿŶԷΪڵӣ躮ˬһЦ̤ǰֱס˶Էλŵ̨лú˵ɱ
Ǻ˧ԣĿ¶м֮ɫָһָǸлҪ
һĻȫһʾ͵У
ֻ躮Ȼǰ˿
̨ǹŲ֮ǣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
躮ȻЦ˵ȴһ˿вȻԷڣ躮ӣģ
ˣ躮ʦ֣ɡ
״һů
ʱ躮Ȼվû뵽ģǰ֮£Ὣ躮ǣ
ͷгģ躮
οԼǰ¶
ʦܣ㡭
躮عͷһۣ׿еģȻһЦҲգԼɣ
躮ڵʱƴһƶˣ
ʦܣʵǲףԼܡ
躮ԲУԵò
㾹վӵǲСΪֻڱ˱ء
վԷһЦ
ȴûǼһ
ͷȥһЦʵСղôһֻҷ͵Ĺ
ҷ͵Ĺ
仰˲ɫ࣬ǰȻһҷ͵Ĺ
ұ磬ʳ֮ˣһǺŵӡ
һ˫Ŀų֮ɫµɨһۣƺ뿴ճ
ʳǣң
֪ǰݣԭǷı磬ˣ
벻ĸ񣬾ȻԻʳ֮ˣͷ糤Ϊ
ѵ˵糤ҲڻʳԼ㼣
ԽԽȤˣ
а룬ô˵ҪԼݣƺҲرѣֻҪȥʳǣܶӦþܽ⿪ˡ


32 ¸ȥս
ȻڲԼʱ
ԻʳҵΪո˵Ļۣ
Ȼ˭ҪΪԼ˵Ļ𣬰ҷ͵ĹҲһ
һЦ˵
һ˧ӶŭŤ
վɸһս
ŭһָӣŲмƣ
кβң
Цһǰһ·û
ͷһֻصľѣʵźڲ˶٣Ȼ塣
ڵħ˴ɾ磬ҵõսѩսѥսȻڵʱǿ˺ü֡
˲֪ɱڣ֪ʵǿ
躮Ļһæһסʦܣ򲻿ɳ嶯ﵽأ㲻Ƕ֡
ֻ۵Ļ躮Լ
Ҫܣ躮ɲ֣
ߣ躮ҲΪУÿ
һЦǸһսҵҪƾʲô˵
һԵķϴ֮ɫһ
ҲˣڵأȻ֪Ϊʲôܹ̤ˣƾصľ磬Ķ֡
̤֮󾳽Ϊô죬²Լ׸׼һЩҩ֮Ļûˡ
躮ʦ֣ɡ
˵
ɡ
躮̬ȼͭǽһվǰŲֿڼҲûбҪڶ֣ŲٽǸã
ߣҲС
м˵Ǿҿͷϴٴ˵һ䣬˭һ
£ɲҪ̫ˣڵӣɲ˭ġ
躮ɫ𽥱䣬һԲϱֵļơ
һĻһů
躮άͬʦֵܣ
ˣͶ˺ͷȥˣͲҪ۵ǣվά
ͷϴΪ˭
Цһ漴תͷȥ躮˵躮ʦ֣ңµġ
躮üͷţʼվòס
Ȼ֪ʵףԷǺصŵӣҪ浶ǹʵɵĻº֡
Ҫ֪غأ໥ĲǼģţظӵоơ
Ӧûʶصĸ֣ԲžԼܹԸɣ
ʦܣʦһԣĪҪ嶯
躮֣ص˵ţҪ
ӣԼŷŮӣӵȻںٻ躮ǰȻŵĸš
޳ܣԼ龹Ȼ躮ʦֳ
̷ֲʦֺͷٻٻʦ㣬ԭˡ
˽Щơ
ǰһս˭ǿ躮ʼղÿӣӰ֧С
ԭﲻǸֻڱ󣡡
һЦĶֲ˵Ƿ
⻰һԵķδʲô飬·Ӧ
Щ죬˵䲻ϡʲô˼ѵ֮䣬еϵ
ӣһм
ô˵ֻһֿˣǾͷ
躮ҲЩ죬û뵽ͷ֮仹ϵڡ
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˫۷ųâҵȰ˵躮
Ȼˣ¸ȥսɣ
躮оâ˸˵סʦֻһֱ㲻Ҫ̫࣬ܣҲҪܵķ⣡
ΪϲԼϲǰȷʵǲˣ֪ҪܣҲҪ¸ȥս
İɡ
˵ͷ̤˽Ų
躮ѪЩΣֻҪÿˣͺðˣ
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߳ɱӵЦһЦھʹģڸղŵĳԲѷ
ϻ˵Ҫս
˵ȫʼת
ħ֣ʱ׼ţֱǿ͵ϮҲܹ֤Լİȫ
һ̣ڳ֣
ɽȭ
һƷ似ʹһȭؿڣ
躮˫ĿһУܵһȭֻ̺صˮ׼ûʲô
ԶԷɽһȭûʲô
ֻزεĹƾħֵܵˡ
ţһ̣ǱɽһȭֱӺļ
磬һȭ֮ȶ
Ϣӣ϶ᱻһȭɣҲᱻˡ
Ǿȵ鷢ˣȴȭɢȥһȭ֮£徹Ȼ˿·ԷĹڸһ㣡
ô𣿡
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ջȭ˿˼ɴŲмЦֻҲɵֵܵסѾҵԤˣ㿴ʲô
ƣ
Ųм˫һӣʱǿۣ
ȻѾΣȻǿ
⺮ƣƷ似ѾСɾ磡
ڴҿħֵķжǿɣ
뵽ɲܣӭȻҪֱӲ
һĻ躮һݡ
ܳ嶯ʦӦ㹻գŻӭȥĻ϶᲻ܡ
躮̤ǰһȴûг֡
ѡ
ʱܵǿȫס˽Ų漴ʼӿ
ħ֣
һ̣Ȼֳһ㵭ɫâԵޱʥ࣡
һһҳϣʱһǿ˲վȣ
漴ǲ㵭ɫķħͻȻ𣬲һʥȻڵһʱ佫ǹǿ
ΡȻ̩ɽ
ΡȻΧ˶ˣ躮Ƿڡŵӣ˶û뵽Ȼ׵ֵһкƣ
𾪵Īˡ
ôܡƣҸһƷ似ڲŵСɾ磬ôܶһ¡
Ŀ֮ɫ
ǰֻصΪһкƣصĸ֣ҪֵҲɲŶԣ
ôˣѵǿ𣿡
һЦûǰʸ񣡡
£߳ŭ
ʹǿ似ԸֵԶȴͻȻһóɫһ䡣
˳ȥֻһȺŽ׵
ǻ幫ˡ
Ȼһ


33 
幫ݣ㹻óκ˶֮ɫ䡣
һ𣬷ѸȰ˵磬幫ˣʱǲҪֵĺá
˵ţһһƵȻԺеǻѵ
˵ʵֵܵո似ǳ𾪡
Ȼϲӡʵ̫ˣҿ϶ǲԼʵ
ҲпܣʲôǿķսⲢǲܵ¡
֮ڻ幫ˣٴȥĻ̫ʣֻʱ֡
ߣˡ
вʣȴֻܺݺݵĵһۣŲڣ㱻ϣұɱ㣡
ǻÿûɱҵء
һۣת˵躮ԡ
սȥȷ̫ʡ
幫ˣ̫ٶ֣һԭ򡣻һԭ򣬱Ļ϶ᶯñѩսѥ
һȫƾͱ¶ˣһĹŲ֮в
˹Ų֣еԸĻᣬٶֲ٣
ʦܣϲˡ
躮ԶһȺ˿
㣬Խǰ棬ãһֱսȥĻĿ϶
ֵ似һƷ似ƣѾ֤Լʵ
ȥ²һֵܹס
л躮ʦ֡
ЦЦûж˵ʲôű㽫עеԶֵͷǲһȺޡ
ˣˣֱվڽֵԣһȺˡ
ûãԷڿ˿һȺ˵Ĵ硣
ǰͺ󷽣ʮƥУܹʮޣһŮ
ֻŮ߹ѩ˿ۣһƥͷڣһ˿覴õϹЦݡ
λǻ幫
ȴδעĿŲ˹Եһϡ
ˣƺǶʮ֮ףͷֳֽǹҲŶʮͷһΪȴǼǿ٣ҪȷǿϺܶ࣡
Ҳ֪ںĵӵһУǲǽĶ֡
ţעģǽʵǽĳࡣ
۾ӣͣǽ꾹ȻԼ
ȻһԼ躮
ҵºǽЩϵ
žâ뵽ô常û˵ҵȻһЩ˼ɡʵǿ֮ǰݱܷâɣ
ʱ̣ΪպǿŴ𲽲ãȻӵоӡȴҲ̫⡣
ǿ˵ڵڣԡ
ܿ죬Ƕʮޣѩ˿۵Ļ幫룬˴Ǳסʱͣ
ڣš
Ļ幫ЦݣλΪףҴƹſϣ˴ιŲһУλջ񡣡
л
ȲĴЦݣΪӢ˵ǻʳҵҲʤң
ԭҡ
幫ſ΢ЦڻʳǣóϾľŸʶ
ˡ
ʱԵ߹ǲһޣ
ⲻ֪һԵˣ̲סĵױһԭʳֻǸҵ壬ΪʲôƳ־Ȩǿء
ֲأʲôǿӵܵĻΪ϶ֹôŶԡ
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ܽŲֵĶǴƽĶֻʱȱԴˡ
幫ЦЦ˵ˣˡλҲȻȥϢɣһ͸ýŲ֣ǰףλˡ
л
شĿ͹Ⱥ޻뿪
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Уһ뵽ǽĻͷǳˬ
ˣ˼ҿǹᣬΪѾǿ͸ˣ˵⻰ҲȻǸʸ񡣡
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ҪŲ֣Ķ֣ǧ˿֮Ůνǧ˿
һˣڷǺͬһεġ
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ʱ躮Ź뿪ķȥ·δӣ
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躮һЦ
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Цһ˵ʦƺǱʳĳģԭΪ޻̸֮ƺܣʦܣ˵ö𣿡
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ЦһӶԷĵѣ
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ŲΣرƷŲΣô׵õģõҪȻܵõƷŲξǲˣ
ͬ˻Ųͬ˼صŵĿջϢȥˡ
һ˶̶ͬȵʧˣΪеһҪԵ٣Ų֣õĻǵΪһɳ졣
Ҳֻʵ̫ǿ˯ͬ

һҹʱ䣬ܿš
ڶһ磬ڿջԺڼϣ֮⣬˵ľ״̬еƣ̷ڡ
ж˷ܵ飬ڹŲ֣ڴ̫ˣ
źۣ˸ǰ
ɣձҪŲ֣ǶҪסΪϣΪ֮
һ䣬뿪ջŹŲ֮Ǻȥ
ûã˱˹Ų֮ǺŴֻҪ˺ţ԰һĹŲˣ
ڳſڣšǧ˿ڡڣܹʮһãһ졣
幫ЩޣǰûлԱͣͨŲֵĳţǲῪġ
˶֮Ľվ˳дһ˿Ȼɨһۡ
ڣǶʼҹŲֻ֣һǾǣּƷŲΣζУ𣿡
档
ˣ
ɫһ㼤Ų֣ǵĻԵҪˣ
ڼƷŲΣô׳֣
ǿʮѵһĵرûܹϣ


34 һȭ
ȺУϸ۲ǧ˿ںͺŵӣܿ˽˶Է
ǧ˿ڵУһɫŮӰȻֶڳſסǵǧ˿
ǧ˿ǧأӵƷսǧӰ롣˴νŲֵʮУǧʵǿһʼӲ
ţ漴ĿŲһ
У˷֮⣬˱Ϊߣﵽء
һһŮƺһãŻɫַǳ͵·һܽƵġ
ص̷ᣬˣսŲ֮ʱԲӲˡ
ڹŲܹʮ죬ܹнأδزܺ˶Կ
ܿ죬幫˻ͣͨŲֵĳš
žͳŻ£иӳȡ
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ѩ˿۵ĹһЦָ˳֮󣬹ŲУ
ܹʮӣʱһӵ룬ο˸̼֮ȫ˹ŲС
Ƶĸֱ˶ȥˣһ˳ţ̤˹Ųֵϡ
Ų֣湻ġ
ɨһǰɽǹŲֵķΧй죬ȴ֮ԨγʪԵñȽϿտ͸
ͻȻоһ͸֣ǰδͶϣ
˶𣿡
Цһȴδô⣬֮ǰע⵽ĸ⣬¡
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ǷǷٻٻ
̷ų⣬Ͼ̷˽⣬ӵĻΪβֵõѵΪ̷³
Ƿ߷ٻٻȫаսʤ
һ˼̧ӣֱŲп粽ȥ
ƷŲûôҵƷŲκƷŲΣȴҪһЩҵһõĻҲܹһЩ
ŲǰУܿע⵽˸ȴδ
£ΪûзҲעʱ͵Ϯ
Цֻ˵Է̫ɵ̫ˣ
ŲУ죬ÿһ궼ʮ˺ϱô׳ɡÿһͼס˸ù̬λãԼּ·ˡ
һʱȥѾȫŲʮΧ̣
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Ϣ⸽ӦһùŲΣ
ڴʱﴫһ˱ǣһæжȥ
Ǹ֮ˣҲӿ˲ӣȻҲܵ˹ŲεϢ
˽Ĳֶʵ̫׾ˣ
ɫǰͷûһСϪϣڼһͬݲݰֲСϪߣɢһ
ŲΣƷŲΣ
һϲȻƷŲΣ̺Ҳ൱һöƷҩˡ
ӡֻƷŲΣЧͱѰƷŲЧҪãؽ׶οһ󲽡
ǿƷŲʱһ·ڳ֣

һȣһƷϮȻϣ
ȻǷٻٻ
֪˶Էݣ
ԷһƣǺʩչ似һƷ似ƣ
ԶԶ͵Ϯйû̫ǿȻûвȡκжƾħƤǣȻûܵκˣ
ܾˡ
ЦһȫۣʱŲڵ̤˸
˲粽˲ϢһԽɣ
һ̣α˷ٻٻıһȭŷٻٻ󱳻ӳ
ʲô
ٻٻķӦٶȳһô˵Ҳصĸ֣ڱ־;ʧ롣

ٻٻӿʱʩչ۷徳һϮȥ˲佫֣ǿ˺üľ롣
һﵽ۷徳磬Ч㲻ֻ谭жôˣܹԵĽ𿪣ʵᱻֱˡ
ħɣһµûˣǷ͵Ϯһȭȴ޼ˡ
ֳڣȡ
ٻٻ˵һͷƮȻ˿·
ֲûиսŲ־Ͷ֣һ·ôòų֣ȻֱҪ
ҵȡȡ
һЦ
ƾصľ磬ѣǳ룡
ٻٻ԰˵
ǾԿɡ
ʼ硣
˲粽ӦǴɾɣҲֻ˲Ϣһȥûʲôõ似ҵҪ㻹ʲôֶΡ
ٻٻм˵ţ漴ŲһٴʩչΧ𶯣˷·ڿƮһ㡣
ղƣٻٻοϮһĳ
һƣǷٻٻɱһȫһͷ
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似ǿһУֲ̺һ£һξʯҪ
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ٶû죬ûǿһȥܽ
ԷٻٻɱһƣȴֻһЦ
˲粽ѩսѥ
һʱʩչ˲粽Ҵ߶˱ѩսѥͬһ㣬ź󷽼ȥ
۷徳˲粽ϱѩսѥЧ˿̵ٶԶԶ˷ٻٻ
ৣ
ղƵٻٻһĿգ϶ʱ¶ŵɫôôٶȣ
ˣս
ٻٻһϵıѩսѥһĨѩףעĿ
ƽıѩսѥͨЬһһ߶Чѩսѥͬһѩޱ
ЧսֻƷսҲѵһֵǣ벻ﻹȱ
ٻٻ¶ҪɱҪʹɱﵡ
ΪŵӣȻҲѾõһսλȭףΪŵӲʸƷ似ۻ֣Ҫɱһ練ơ
ֻȭŵȭ϶ʱɢһɫŽŲٶȻ
㵹ܸҿ
ٻٻЦһһɫɵĹצ˲ɳգۼ佫жסʱ޷
ۻ֣Ʒ似ɹצֻס޷ж
ɫһ䣬ʱٻٻɱһϮ
ɣ
λȭ׵һƣа˾ľһɣ
飡
ƷϮһӡͷ
ţȴͬӰһѣʧٻٻһȭеľȻĲӰ
ʲô۷徳˲粽
ٻٻʲôɫһ䣬ȴѾӦ
һǿ⾳ƣѹصһ⾳谭
ţδ֣ӡһȭž֮ϣһȭɣ
ͬߵķݣٻٻ˱ʮɣˤڵأһѪȻ˼ء


35 мս
ٻٻɳȥˤڵأʱεȥ
ָƽߵ˷ٻٻԣսλȭ׸ȡ
λȭףӶȭλȭ׾Ȼǿɣ⻹ֻƷսЧ
ӵƷսƷս֣ǽӵкε
ٻٻһΣ´ΣҲ顣
ţתⲽСϪϣСĽǿƷŲβժ
̧ͷΧһۡ
ܰȫƷŲĵطƺҲֻˡ
˼ϣŲѸٶܵԶһҶȽïܵĹ£ֽŲõĳȥ
ܿ죬ʮɸߵҶУӸ£ܹԶʲôΣ٣Ҳһ
Уûʲôܹ׷
ţ˷ʱ䣬ֱӽƷŲκʼе
ӡͬʱ߶ηõҩ֮ԾӡѼ죬ʱ˿̣׾ٵĽƷŲе߳˾ӡС
ʣµȫֱա
һ׳󣬺ܿĻǧǧ
Ч
Ϊ⣬Žھӡе߳˳
ǧ
ǧ
ƷŲȫϣȫӿõصľ˵ֻǱˮнѣҪԶԶ
һƷŲΣȫգһһû˷ѣǴȥĻǺš
ڹ϶˵ҶУʼϷָŸٻٻһսһЩָ۷״̬ǲٴ·ġ
֪Ϧ£ɫʼ䰵
ʱͻȻоһŨ𽥴Զֱ֣ԽԽŨ
ЯŲΣ߿
һݣŨڿĹŲξԲֻƷŲΣӦƷŲΣ
ƷŲΣܣΪƷҩ⻹ҪŨĶ࣬Ҳûм
ƷŲΣпܣ
ȻʲôƲ磬һʵĻᣬԥ
ܿ죬ǰȴһˡ
Ӹ£ԶԶüһӰڱܶŰɫڵӣ躮
躮ֳһƷŲΣڱܣƺˣٶȲǺܿ졣
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躮ʦ֣
кâһгֵıҪˡ
躮һ·ж¶ɫóˣºܿͻᱻ׷ϡ
һ׷һ߹Ц躮㻹ܵĶȥԹԽƷŲν׷ϣȻΪϵΪһˣ
ǵӣȻ躮֮Ҳܲˡ
ʵϣǸպĻ躮ûʲô취ܹѣڣȴѰ·
Ҫ躮ʦǺúݵġ
ţۣ޺øС
ףʦã
ʱǰ躮˻ڵصķٻٻɫһ䣬æͣ˽Ų׼鿴ٻٻơ
״ʱЩȻ
躮ĵĺܣԼڱǿ׷ɱȻ˼ͣٻٻ
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Ӻ׷Цֻϧϣĺ˴ã
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λȭ׵ȭͷһ㵭һȭǿ
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Ҳ͵Ϯ
Ӧ˲ͣ½Ų׺֮ɫһ
漴ֻ˫һӣۣ壬ֱ
Ȼ䣬˫ڰը
ִ֮£ĺǿһȭƣţβδܵʲô谭һȭ

Ųƶӯ磬˲˿˺ü
ӹԾûн㣬޷׷ֻƽһӣԭ֮վ
ʦܣ
һԵ躮е㲻̫Լ۾ϸһͻȻ֣
躮ʦ֣ŷʦ߰ɡ
ͷҲص˵
ôУǿУʦܶһ˲ܣģʦ־Ի㲢ս
躮Ȼ
ʦ֣չһ·ʦ㣬ӵǣΪʾͲˡ
ֻùȰ˵
躮ԣһҲԣһͻȻܳʲô˽ٳ˷ٻٻǻܱ
뵽躮ֱӱٻٻ˿һԹ¡
ʦܣȵֵһ£ʦϹ㣡
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侲˵
ߣмҪһʳҵ׿ӣѾ˷á
ưޱȣ˵ķûԶһЩȽϺã
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˵㲻Ҫҷϵôϻ
Ȼ㼱Ҿͳȫ㡣
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ٶȼ죬ʩչ˲粽߶ѩսѥٶȴ
ֻ磬˲һԣһкƣȻ˸գ
һ˫սѥ
ǰһͷٻٻһЩϲǺö
죬طɣ
׺ݵ˵ţһϸϢͬյĶߣ˲ͽβס
սһϸϸĺɫ
ţ˫һ𣬼ʩչ似ƣһƷ似ұСɾ磬ǿ
ȥɣ
Ų̵ɫʣ˫ػ
Զ躮̧ͷһͿסƴеĳ˰ġ
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躮
ȻȴκζˣΪ̫Զ
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ֻǣע𾪣
˫غ˲ϣȻһ̣ȴͬӰʧ躮һ㶡
ַͬʼʩȴջͬЧ
㲻Ҫڿ˭˭
λȭ׵һȭһ㵭һǿ⾳ѹȻ֣


36 
һ˿⾳ߣͬҲ
ʱ˿̣⾳ص˺üģ·һѹתеѡ
ǿһȭǿӳһȭֵȴֻӳԼɵ
ȭͷײȻһһȭˣ
˷ħ壬ǿû˵ȴǼ˺üͬʱоȭͷҪһ

˫Ҫð³֣Ĺת˲ֵˡ
㿴˭Ƿٶȣ㲻ңҲңţ˵Ҫҷϵ
һһȭһȭȥ
صΪǿǧȴռȻһȭһȭҵĲȣӲȫ
һȭһȭԽԽܲסӳʮȭʱ򣬱һȭи󵹷˿ȥ
Ȼոңڣұȷ㣡
׹һ̤ǰһ⾳ȫѹס
⾳ѹ֮£˵ã
μΪ磬ת˲ǰһųڴ̤ȥ
ۣ
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˵ȫĶ֣λȭ׶ˡ
곡֮躮
ŲռؼҪҵһùŲΣرƷŲΣô׵顣
躮һǰУһ˵ʦܣȻ֪ͺλŮӵ£˵ʳҵ׿ѾˣɵСĽ
ʦֲصģҺǷûʲôϵɱҡ
һЦûж˵ʲô
ڷһҪˣ
ֻԼҲû뵽һô졣
ûã˴һСɽͷСϪһ·Σһˮ̶ˮ̶ߣкüڶš
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⼸˶ŵԭ򣬺Ȼˮ̶ϵһùŲΣƷŲΣ


37 Ų
ƷŲΣˮ̶ߣɢŨ÷Բʮ֮˶ĸо
躮Ǳһ
ˮ̶ߣ˷֮⣬⻹Ůӣڵӣܹˣ໥š
ǺŮ֮䣬е֮䣬ž裡
ϾƷŲֻһã˭ܹõ˭̤һһ磬ʵ
ǳͬţֻҲҪһ
ڴ֮ǰȻҪֶԸˡ
еӣպþϺ躮һȥ֮ƺǸսŲ֣һ·һжˡ
˵ɫ̫ãΪ˶أһ𣬶һĶ֣˵ŻŮӡ
ǣƷŲεջ˵Ȼδսˡ
ʦǣҪȥǣ
躮һһ̾ѪȼգҪȥæ
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Ůӣ߳һƮסڵӵȥ·
ɽȭ
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ʣһˣҾһԱε˽ȥ

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˲粽ѩսѥ
žģʩչ۷徳˲粽߶ѩսѥʱ߶ȥ
ӰУһӰӰأٶȱȫи졣
ۣۣۣ
һӰɵĳ룬Ӱ
ǧ˿ڵ似
״ԥ磬˲ϢһǰԽɾ룬ɶ㿪ЩӰ롣
ţ׷ĺӰͻȻʧ
֪躮ҵǧ˿ڵӵı壬ס˶ԷöԷû˼
ʱ躮ոսһǧ˿صӻУű㿴ֱֳͭŽ׷
׷ˣȹһأ
躮һ£


38 ͨ
ƷŲοٱܿս躮ӹ£ֱ˷ĸǰ
躮ÿ
ɫ΢䣬֪躮ʵʮнص̷ᣡ
躮ҪĻ϶ܿͻơ
һƷŲοɾʹǰװˣ
ÿҲǲܡ
躮һЦʬ̤ȥɣ
֪
ɫһбͭŽʱһ˪漴ɨһ½躮Ϯ
躮׼ýˣֻһ̤ʱһ飬ںǰγһʯǽ
ʯ
躮һȣʯǽ½ȻУȴ˿
ʯŵǷǳŵķ似Ʒ似ҲΪѣһɣֱʯǽǿ
躮ȻѾʯ似˴ɾ硣
鶯
ȴû躮ʯǽһȻ۷״̬ı½ļ
κ似۷徳綼ʱ䣬½һˡ
ɾʱܹʩչ½۷徳磬۱֮鶯ٶȴ
ֻ²֮磬˲ƹʯǽҪ׷ȥ
Ķ֣ң
躮Цţһ֣ʯǽתΪһȭŷԼٶ׷ȥ
ȻҲ۷徳ʯ
ЩȭǰУüæӦ
˼ҵսһһŵǧ˿ڵӻû׷ȴͬ躮һȭĹ˷顣
躮ƾһ֮Ȼס˷ǧ˿ڸֵ׷

ʩչ˲粽߶ѩսѥٱУֻһյʱܳʮľ룬ƷŲɢŨԶ躮ڵ
еķȻǳƫƧ֮ϸı·ߡ
һʼߵķ׷ѰǾ׷ġ
ˣֱӽƷŲηã
ȻʱȫˣȴҴ⣬ѡһ㹻ߵĹ±˶ˡ
һ˿ҲܹȲ
ƷŲΣɢ˵ŨǱȫգΪЧǿ
ӡ
߶ӡƷŲе
ʱ˿̣̲ס룬Ҫܹа취ƷŲεڸͰĶˡ
ôʱ򣬾ӡһɫӰһ
ţֻƷŲα澹ȻһЩɫ·ͺ;ӡһģһԭɢʮ֮Ȼһʧ١
һ㶣漴ϲ
ӡȻܹαɢ죬ôû֪
£ǳװȫˣҲԲ²ⲻƷŲΣ
ƷŲΣŲÿŻöѡ
ڣһþС
躮Ƿһ顣
ţҲûԥһ½ƷŲ飬һУ
Ũһ¶ǣ̱оȫӿ̶ȱ֮ǰƷƷŲζҪǿҵöࡣ
أûʲôˣǲ֪᲻ƿ
ţʼƷŲеŨͻƾ硣
أܹţؼҪͨȫؼľ
һͨܿȫۿ϶磬Ŀƽ֮ǰʮֹ
ˣڽлҪãÿһ˵ҪԶڵ
ͨ
ȣȫԴͷӿȥһһεĳҪͨء
ƷŲεȫգѾоѾˡ
Ȼȴʼûܹƣ֮ʼһϰ
ӡƣ
ӡŵ߳ƷŲԴԴϱգγһһӿ˳
ˣˣˣ
Ľһαһң
ڣƷŲֻʣʱԭŵڽϵ£׹ͨ
ˣ
о·һͷ­ƺضĳģϵͨľֻܹ֮ܵڵķ
һʵ̤˳ȥ
⾳ƺֽҪͻƵƣѵΪһͨطĸӦǿ𣿡
ţֲãܹķ⾳ģǺĵˣΪĹͨ޶طĸ򽫻һΡ
ڣһ֮ͨǰ⾳·ҪͻƳΪϡ
ֻһ㣬ֻһϣѹطǿ
оâһӹ˸߸£ڵϡ
ͻƵֱ֮ӵı仯ȫǿصǧڵǧ
Ϸħ塢ӡãһȭа˾
ȻصǷǳǿԴϴξ˾ӡļ֪̤֮زɱ䡣
ѰǿߣӵʮλȭףҲʩչǿȵĹֻصǿ߿϶ʵֶΣôױܡ
ţܹǿ࿹Ļһ֡
ܽ⾳򵽸εϣİվʹöˡ
̺ط⾳ܹģȥ躮ôˡ
ʱ䣬躮Ϊס׷ѾȥԼʱôʱ䣬Ҳ֪躮Ρ
ʩչ۷徳˲粽ԭ·ء
ܿ죬ͻصƷŲˮ̶ϣܽУȴδоκδ򶷵Ķ
ϸзʬ壬ǧ˿ڵµġ
躮ʦӦû£ƺҲû¡
ţȻҲǣʱȲᣬƾһɱ躮ûôס
Ҫ뿪ȴͻȻˮ̶򣬴һҴ
ˣ
ɫ΢䣬˲ϢһصУˮ̶˹ȥ
ģȴǷ躮ˣǿӣ̷ᣬԼصǿߡ
̷ᣬͺŵǿߣ
ǰһ벻˾Ȼˣ
صһһŮּųʮ̷Ჽˣ
̷ᣬƺʲô˼ɣһһȥ¶׺顣
ƷŲΣƷŲΣ
̷ܵϴϢһӾͷֱƷŲεζֻȻƷŲѾ̷յˡ
ֲҪ׷̷һȻҲһƷŲΡ
кâһ
ԴϿȣ̷һֱ鷳Ҫʵǿͱϣɱ
л̷ᣬȻŹ
õĽǣ̷ǺŵһһŮһ򾡣


39 ǿ֮ս
ˮ̶ߣ̷ͺŵӡŮӣҵսһ˿ûвԱһͷͻŻ
̷ᣬ㽫ƷŲߣӦ֪
Цɳƣ

̷һߵֵ˵Ľһ߹Цʲôƾôɣ
㲻Ҫ̫ԴأҲء
ŮɭԶһذɣ
⻰ڶ̷ʩѹ̷սзӲȫʵ
̷ǼᶨȻܵӰ졣
һ࣬ƣΪ̷ƷŲ֮󣬻ǲɣ
£̷ֻһ̤ţأһضʱ룬ǰ۳Ϊһʯǽ
Ʒ似ʯ
ʯǽ֣̼佫Էơ˵ֵס֣޷ʯǽҡֺ
ںţͬǺĵӲƷ似ȻأȴǺĵӡ
̷ʯ侲˵ҵҪʲô취Թʯ
ߣ
ӻ࣬״ɳƵһŲ̤ǰ˫һϮ̷ᡣ
ƣɾƷ似
ͬϮ̷᲻ŲæһӶǰʯǽѸֱԷ֣
䣡䣡䣡
ʯǽ֮ϣȴûκӰ죬ʯǽķƿֲΡȻ
ţŮӻƣȴһЦ
ʯǽǿٶȴ̫ժҶ
ժҶ
趯ָۣĻҶÿһƬ絶
ʲô似
̷״ɫء
Ҳ鿴ϸȴûмһ似Ѳ⻨ࡢƵļ似
һ̣ɵĻҶʱͬɵһ㣬裬̷Ϯȥ
ժҶƷ似ˣҪǽɻҶٶȼ죬޿ײ룬Ըʯķ似ٺʲˣ
ɻҶ̷˶
ʯǽȻǿ󣬵ʱ˿̣ȴû˿ãǷɻҶٶȼ죬ޱȵ꣬һգ۱㻻˷ƹʯǽȥ̷ǰ

һ֮𣬷ɻҶ̷ϣ
Ƿսף
ɫ΢䣬һۿ̷ϾȻһսף
̷Ծһ𣬱㽫зɻҶֵȻֺ
̷ᣬ̷ᣡ
һԹ۲죬̲ס뵽̷ᣬҲܹ
һʯ似ɣ۷壬սףֱڹһӲ
Σ
̷վͻƣôôҳˣ
̷׳˶ͬʯڵ̤Ųӣһ죬һɫʱɹצճŻ̽
ǿۻ֣Сģ
ɳƵĳѣȴû˿ͣ٣ȡԼս
һѷ⣬ڻ𽥣ϸһѩһƬشΪ
ɱ
̷ԻƷųۻ֣ʩչִɱ̷ᣡ
̷һֻצת˲˻ǰƷӦֱӿסʱͬһ㣬޷

̷һ߶۷徳Ŀۻ˲䷢һӽĽץ
Ҫɱңɱɱ
̷һԻֽϮһЦһӣۻץŻƾͳŻײȥ
һͣ٣ٶȸ죬һֱӴ͸˻ƵĽ
̷Цݽڵʲô⻨вɣԼһɱ
ܿ죬̷֪ʵˣ
ƵĽ͸ȴû˿ѪΪɻҶɢ
ǣֻǻƵһ
һֽ̣ǰѩ׷ɣɭȻ
ƻΪɻҶһ㵽̷󣬷ɻҶ۳һɺɱ̷ᣡ
ǰл̷â֣תΪ
ʯȭ
һʯǽ̼仯ΪٸȭϮǰˣ
Ųᶯ似ʩչնյıܿһһȭâһ̷ֱ̾ţ
ɻҶٶȸǿֲһ㿪ȭ̷ᡣ
ɽȭ
򵥵һȭȻֻƷ似ڻʩչȴ˿ѷɫƷ似
Բ似
̷΢ܵԲ似ϢòȫӦԡ
Ʒ似һԲҲἫ£
ѧСɣɣ۷壬Բ
似һһ㣬ÿһ㣬ͽȫͬ
Բεıɽȭ̷ᶼòΪѾܹ͸ķսףֱ˺
ɽȭԲܸɽţ
𿴻ʩչɽȭȴһȭ̷󱳡
̷ǰҲѾǰ
ǰйΣ
ʯ
̷һҧ߶ǻΪȭʯػضʱŻࡢƱըȥ
һ˲䣬Ȼ֮𣬳гһƬǽ塣
ɽȭʯ׷׼һе׷ʲô
ͻȻ
顱Ӱӳеɳһˮ̶һƬˮһˤڵأһƬǱ
̳ɢȥڼ̷Ѫڵأ·ѾƬ·ڴŵɫսף˺üսǱˡ
ٿһԵϣڵϣɫҲը飬͸˵ѩ֮ɫ
ˮ̶ߣѵ𣬿˱ȻƸء
Ȼܾˡ
¶ЦݣصǿߣԲвˡ
Ķֻ֣ʣһǧ˿ǧ
վ׼Ȼ뿪
Ȼ뽫ǰȫɵ󻼣ˣҲصǿߣһս
һ̷ͻࡢ֣ɱȫԼҲشûбҪ
תߵʱͻȻо˫űһɴס
ǧ˿ڵӣ
ۣͷһȻֻӰ֣˫סΧӰҲɱ
ǧ˿ڣǧ֮⣬һ治˭
кâһû˷ʱ䣬ϾûйŲδڡ
ȻҪ͵ϮǾ͹ֲˣ
ħ壡
似㼫Ϊǿ󣬶ԷӰӽɱκβ
⾳
ͷų⾳֮ͨ⾳Ϊǿһӣҵǧ˿ڵӵĲ֮
߹Ķˣһǧ˿ڵӱ⾳ѹΪ֮һϣĲ
˲粽˲Ϣ
кâһʱֻԭһӰǽԽʮɸ߶ȣȥǧ˿ڵ

ӡλȭף۳ʮһȭ˺󱳣
飡
Ǵźµǧ˿صӣһȭһѪˤȥһˡ
̤أѰ֮ˣǰ߹һ
еĶȴҲˮ̶˵ע⡣
ࡢơ̷ᣬ˼ͬʱĿ⳯߹һ۾


40 
վڹˣࡢơ̷һ
Ƿ
̷ȻˣȻֳ֮ɫڣ߶ȵ̷£Լ˵ķ
ĸŹ
һ߷߽ӣΪȫڣѩ֣һС͵ȥ
ҵӣ͵
¶֮ɫ̷ỹǵ
磬ҿ̷ᣬȥɱСӣ
ɭȻ˵ʱɻҶͬһ紵һ㣬ڴѸϮ
Сӵҵģ
̷һ˫ڵȻһȣʱһʯǽٴθ֣Żٸȭƿնȥ
վڹۣ֮ƽ޲
ԭ뿪ˣʡʱ俴ܲҵŲΡ
ڣȻԷŹȻ
ҿǿߣжǿ
оâһѩսѥʱ߶˴ӹ֮£ӭ˻ķɻҶԼ̷ȭ
ħ֣
ȫʱһ㵭⸡֣˹
ϣ
ɻҶͬУһƬƬиϣȴֻײ֮޷˺ֺȭըȴʼ޷ͻһ㵭⣬ըȫ赲⣡
һˮ̶أһƬ
̷ᣬ֮⣻࣬ʮ֮ˮ̶ߣƣʩչժҶ似㻯Ҷһ
ǿߣΧס

̷վǳ֮ɫԻͻ˵λгǲȽٴ֮ĶԹΣ
û
˵վڲԶȫɫڷƮҡѩ׽֡
Ǿɱɡ
ˮ̶վֳָźĳ˵
ǿ߶ƴ˲ᣬھȻиСӳˣǾصΪ˵ģ
˵˿ûнֻǶѾˣҪɱ
Ҳó׵ֵסժҶʯȭʵһ֮ǿϲ١
ǲֵĻûô׽
ǿֶԸ㣬ҲӦøеˡ
̷ЦһŲӣֹѡ
ôȷĻң

⻰һǿ߶ʱмЦˡ
Ϊʲô
̷ЦֻһˣҲûл·ߣڣֻǲô鷳ˣ
ǿ߼սĶֻֽ·һ
ֽһһ̬Ȼ
̷˵ֻһˣҲܽնڽ£˵֡
Ҫϻˣ֣
ݳ̤ǰһȫ߶һ̱ҪɻҶ֡
ȻʱԶͻȻһ
ס֣
һһŰ첽ӢϴŽ֮ɫȻ躮
ʦ֣
һۿ躮һʯ£ʦû¡
ţһ½ͻȻܳԣϮ躮
˼ҵսʲô֣
дű֮磬ɫȹµһѾ躮ǰ
ͭŽһӺ躮ǰˣ
֮սδ㻹רһĺã
һߣͭŽϱ㸡ֳһѩһ½ۣ躮
躮״ֻܱ˿ü
ʦܣߣ
躮æһ
ʦ֣㲻صңסɣ
˵
ģڣԹȥ
躮һ˵ţһߴ߶ʯ似ʩչ׾ٵĽı½ֵס
΢̣Ͷˡ
ӣ躮ס̷ᡢࡢ°Χˣ
˵ǱҪġ
Ȼ׷糤ͻ᲻ĵչ뽫ԷΥԸҲ뿴Ψһİ취ֻȥ
ڣס躮躮֧ԮظֵΧ£
ʱ躮ļ٣з޷ͻȥֻܰ˵Ҳס
˻ǣƣ˭Ҳ޷֣ˮ̶ϣսҲͬʱʼ
ȶ֣ɻҶ˲࣬ȭͷһȭ
ɽȭ
Բıɽȭܹɽţ
Ӳӣ߶ѩսѥʩչ˲粽һ˿ȻƵٶȴ죬
ժҶ似ٶʵ̫죬ڵ
Ȼһȭغͷһֲƻͨڡ
ħ֣
ֵ⣬ǿֵһȭɵȻʣȴֱӴ͸뵽ڡ
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ţ˺ķȴźĽâ˸һĲӺ
ֶȫٶȶƽ˰ġ
ˣ
һͷ⿰ԴƷ˿£˿
ۻ֣
̷һ֣һֻɢźĹ֣Ϯ
Ĳȣ޷㿪ֻʩչ۷徳˲粽ԭһӰ˲Ϣһ̷ᱳ
һȭ
̷ỹʩչۻ֣ӡһȭ̷֮ϣ
̷ǼսѾըѣɲͬѰȫһȭȻû̷Ų벽
ڹ꣡
һʱƺͻĹת˲ɻҶϮƿճұߡ
⾳ţ
һʱ⾳ͷų̼佫Բʮ֣
ѹϢ̷ᡢ¡˶һͣϸֳ֮ɫСӣȻô⾳츳治
صǿߣ⾳Σ
⾳ֻǲɵٶȣǵʵɱǿ˵һ
ħ֣
ٴ֣ǿֵס˻ƺͻĹ
ţ̷һתһţʯǽٴγ֣Ϊȭͬһ
̫࣬ħѾû취ʩչˡ
ţ侲̷ȭ磬ͬһ㵽һԣȭȴӰΣں
ЩսйȻͻơ
ʱڸоƬϵӽܣһ˿⾳ڷʱ䣬Ϊϣ
ڱѹط򣬲Ψ򣬲ܹá
ʱ˿̣ѹϣԥͷ˳
Ͻȫǿȫڣת˲ܵ谭
ٶȣѹһ룡
⾳֮ϣشƺճɾ֮ڣұΪף
оâ˸ԸصߣϣѾ㹻ˣ
ϵǿѹ£̷ȭٶȼ½׶㿪
ƺͻදҲ׷ڵ
սȨ


41 նǿ
Ͻ٣ϱΪһ˵̨
Żٶȱ߶ѩսѥʩչ˲粽ԼٶƵ˻౳
ɱ
һһȭӳλȭ׸ֳ

ܵһȭƣҪ㣬ϵѹ£֮ͬǰУޱȻ
һ̣һȭڻ౳ļ׵ϣʮĿֲһӽɳȥ
űѩĳ۵һڵأû˻֧ţϵıѩܿɢֻһⳤ
ý
ʰ𳤽һЦѳɻڵѹû治֪ڹһ̷ô졣
ժҶ
ƼԼֳɣŭӣɻҶ̤ǧҶͬƬϮ
ֻժҶϵҲû
гӶ㽫ĻҶȫ飬漴˲粽ʩչ磬ӭɱơ
ۣ
һͻ׼ȷĴ˻Ƶĺŵĵɴ۾ôܡء
˵Ĳҡ
˵ţĽʱأֹͣͺ
Сƣ
һȭɣϼ˵Ļ࣬״ʹһ˸ų޵Ĺâңأɱ㣡
ϧûᡣ
һ˸Ϊһ磬˲ȥ˻౳󣬳ǰ̣
ۣ
ʩչ似ʱ䶼ûУһ͸ﱻڽϵ顣
浹أ֮䣬ֻʣ̷һˡ
Ͻ٣ת˲ɱǿУ
һ̷ᣬ̷ž彻ӵɫ
ǰһھȻ˿£⾳˵ڶ㣬˿ֲ츳̷ֱ޷
ְͣɣǶڣûбҪƴһ
̷˫һȣʯǽ֣侲˵
ڣ㵹ǽˣ֮ǰ㲻һһô
һЦвǰһеһж̷ᣬھһֱĸ߰ҪԺ͡
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Ὣڹһһ鷳
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ң̷ָᣬɫĮ
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ڣһֱ߰ޱȵ̷ᶼ̬
ѵ˵ǿߣ֮ǰ໥ƴʱƴ̫ˣʵ̫أҪȻĻ̤أҲܴùǿߡ
Уǲô˻ᣬӣպ鷳С
׹һŲնһԵ躮׷
ʦãĶң
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躮סʱһȻȻʵ躮ûʲô취
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ʱ򣬷ֹ躮ǰڣ躮ȴֹ˷ȥɱ
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һһ̷ᡣ
̷ͷųʯǽȴоĵѾ޷ټֶˡ
ƷŲΣȻ󱻻ƺͻ׷ɱ;ðΣ̵ƷŲΣδȫա
һ·ȫûϢ;ĩ·ʵǺޣ
һһ̷תõŲµˣǰϺӣҷΣ
֮ǰ̷¶㲻Ĺȥ֮һϼӹ̣ܽ
̷˵ǳͬţ֮Σ
˵⻰ʱ̷ļ䲻ʣȻľΨͣ
仰е˼Ѿǳˣ̷ᣬȻģ
һԵ躮벻Ȼܽڵŵӵһȵ̶ȣʱ躮ȴЩģ̷ĵ̬᲻Źˣ
躮ûг뿴һǸʲôˣ
Ҫҷ֮ԣһ
һЦ˵
ʲô
̷ʶĳʵ
ܼ򵥡
˵ֳֳ磬˲ϢһԽ̷
ڳ֮ϣͬ˸һ̴̷սף
̷ע˵һ뵽ȻֱӶˣ
һ̣״̴̷ؿڣ
㡭
̷ỹ˵ʲôȴһֶ˵ˡ
ţһţͽ̷ֱ߷ڵأһƬ
ԶԸڹ꣬¡
ĵʱﻹŲʺͳޣ㵱Ϊһ޴һԼ鷳
Цһ̷ᱳγ˳
ⳤһƷսϧûϰӲֻɱˡ
̧ͷ㿴躮¶ϲɫܹ
ڷ̷ᱻһ֮󣬱֪ƾһ϶躮Ķ֣ʩչ似ߣ뿪˴˵ء
ʦܣˣ
躮һЦ̤
Ƕʦ֡
˵ǵʱ躮Ϊ׷ô˳̤ء
벻似Ȼôǿȥ֮ҲҪһˡ
躮Ц˵һ
ͬ似вͬá
ҡͷ˵ʵոգ̷ỹս֮ܵĿ϶ҡһգȫΪ似̫ˡ
ħ֣ȻǿҲԶԶ似
ҪʵԵĻȲʯķ似ֻǷħֿԻסȫܸõķժҶ似ˡ
ʦܣոշ뿪ʱ˵о仰ת㡣
躮ϲãص˵⺮ŵĻƺͻ࣬һ磬ллɱ˻ƺͻ࣬һҪĻлı
лʲôΪ
һ㶡
̫лƺǺźĵӵһˣ
躮֣ص˵
ĵӵһˣ
̲סڵ꣬Уͬڵĺĵӵһˣ
ôһ룬ʱѹ޴
ڵҪԷƣһЩգҪԲУԼһʤ㶼ûС
Է磬ʹﵽɲĵزִ϶˲
ضὫɱ˻ƺͻϢǻлӶ赶ɱˣ
ߣ
ʦܣҲ̫ģǻлôţҲɱˡ
躮ɫΪǱŵˣɰο츳ֻҪȥԽлӦûʲô⡣
ԣЩЦãʦʵǡ
躮Ļһ㵹ͬ
Խл˵ǳ£ƾӡһ϶̫ã
ˣҵһȤ£˵ĹŲ֣ȻһüƷŲΣڣ幫͹ѾŲ֣ҪõǿüƷŲΡ
躮˵ڽһС£˵ƷŲεĳ֣Ȼ޹ء
һȴһ


42 սѥ
ƷŲΣƷŲθΣ
ӡܹɢ˵ҿԳἫƷŲΣ˷֣
йâ˸ǣ֮˼Ϊǿ󣬹꣬Ϊ˿͸
ӻжʳҲֻ룬ƷŲεջ̫õƷŲΣܹԳء
ʦܣʲô
躮վһԣЩɻʡ
Ŷûʲô
Цҡҡͷʦ֣ѳŰɣϧ̷Ǽս׻ˣȻһķս
һ˵ţһ߽ǰѳսݸ躮
ʦܣʲô
躮ɫ΢䣬գսսôҪѳҿʹͦõģ
ðɡ
˵ͷ
ڣڿȷ躮ֵýύһѡ
Ը񣬽ύѼΪСĽóս̽һӾ֪躮̰ͼС֮ˣҺܽ
̽躮ոյ躮γ̽
̷ŵ̬ĵʱ躮Ȼû˵ʲôȻϣɱġȻ躮ʧ
ڣ˫֮ϵȻһЩ
ʦ֣ǼƷŲΣʲôط
װһ䡣
ȥ
躮ûж룬ֻΪǺ棬㳯߷ָһָɽ𣿾˵ƷŲξɽ֮ϣ
֮ϣ
һڰ￪⣬һƶ˵Ķɽ壬絶ֱ
ɽ¸оŨȥ֪ͨˡ
躮ЦѰˣҲԽɣȥǿüƷŲΰɡ
ɣȷܸߣҪüƷŲΣǵûһ
Ϣǣ˺û
תȹȥ
Ȼǿ϶躮ģӻἫƷŲΣ飬һ¶Ǿֻ·һ
ǴԼȫ룬Ϊ躮룬ֻһȥС
Ȼڣΰ躮ȴһ⣬Ϊ˲ģҲòֻ֮һһˡ
ʦ֣ٵתתûŲˣνŲ֣ûʲôջء
˵ꡣ
ĻջɲСǼɫսͷǳã
躮һЦ
ڹŲ֣ǵòŲΣƺ˵ȥʦ֣ߡ
˵ţѡһǰн
躮첽ϣڹŲдУѡķǼƷŲڵߡ
;ͻȻŵеѪȵϢʱ
һλʦܵʬ壡
һɫŵӣƶǣǰһϣ
һĻɫֱһ䡣
˲̣
Ÿã
һۣͿ˶ߣɨܣܿҵ˿
ʦ֣տһλʦܵʬ壬ȥ׷֣
˵꣬˿躮뷨һȻ׷ȥ
躮״ʦжҲȥ֣ͬʦʬҰƺҲ̫á
ü·֪躮û׷˿
ţעȫǰ׷Ǹһϡ
ǧ˿ڵӣɱڵĵӣһƷŲΣһϧҷ֣
кâǡɼƷŲ˵Ǹպһ£
ǧ˿ڵӵٶȣ˿ѷɫ
ʩչ˲粽߶ѩսѥһֱֻܸܵԷбӵĶȴʼտԷΣ
ѩսѥΪһսȫЧԲֹô㡣
־âհ˵սܹϵģ֮սЧ϶ǿ
뵽һνȫ˼˱ѩսѥ֮ϣһ߱Уһ߸űѩսѥϵ
ǵһôÿһζоͱѩսѥ˲٣ʼ޷ϡ
ʱ˿̣һʼ׷ϵĵˣǱܶʱ
ӡ֮ϣȻתüغɫ·һ̱˱ѩսѥϣñѩսѥѩױһصɫʡ
ˣˣˣ
ѩսѥ·Ҳغһ
ϣָо
ȻۣܵѩսѥϴǿٶȻ
űѩսѥͬһ⣬ת˲ţǰǲͣӵǧ˿ڵӣߡ
һɫ۵ݹ᾵ӣȧͻۿݣһΪأ
ǧ˿ŲֵĵУصޣǰһӦǧ˿һصˣ
ţϴ߶ѩսѥ
һ̣һѩӱѩսѥϮǰǧ˿ڵӿȥ
˼״һùҪٿӰӣ谭һ׷ʱ򣬱ѩսѥܳһȻѩѾС
ٶȣһӱѩ
սϵĵһΣ벻ֻ뱩ѩսѥٶȼӿ켸һܷųѩ谭ˣ
ľϲһ̣磬˲Ϣһ׷˶Է
ϣѹ
ԷҪ˼ʱͷųϣԷһѹס߰˳ɡ
ڵҪԸصĶ֣Ѿ׾١
Ͻ٣Էû˿ƿصĸоǽһشƣһѹ
һ̧֣ͷţǧ˿ڵӱ㼸ʧȥ˷ݹ᾵֮ɫ
ͬأǿ
ô벻ͨ
ɵ㣬ҿɲɱ㣬ֻס
һЦ
ף
ɳƵ𣬴Щɻ
Ҫ㣬ȥȡһҿԿһô⽻׺ܹƽɣ
˵
ȡʲô
Էʶʵ
ƷŲΣ

ɫһӱˣȥĶܣ
ô㲻Ը⣿
˵Ҿֻɱ㣬ȥұˣ
ɫϳܵѹ֪ԼԲĶ֣˼Ƭ֮󣬱ֻܵ˵ͷ
ҿԳһ¡
˵
ܺã߰ɡ
ץˣʮ￪ĸ߷屼жȥʩչ˲粽֮󣬿硣
ֻϧ뱩ѩսѥĹѾֹͣ
ոյĹֻھӡµʱϣҪͱѩսѥƺһξ롭
ţһǰĿĵأһ߸ܱѩսѥǿͱѩսѥЭϡ
ٶȣ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ
ֻսϾһһϦ£Ҳֻѭ򽥽
֪䣬ʮܿ͹ˣƵɽ壬ڳǰԶ
㻹źü룬͸ܵɽϴŨ̲סС
ƷŲΣȻͬ죡
һԽǽӽĿĵأԽ˼ά侲
Ҫӻ߶ɲô׵飡
źüУǧ˿ڵӲӸǰεĿס˶Է
һĶˣɽ·ȥ


43 ƷŲ
ֱ͵ɽ֮£޶ڵأȻػżƷŲΡ
ڻˣǻ幫еĽ꣬ûڳӦڸ;С
ƷŲ̺ǿһժͻῪʼɢȥ˸ղժʱõġ
ţŲ²⵽ˣٲժ¼ƷŲֱӷá
⵹Ǹһõֻᡣ
ܸоƷŲελðɣ
ͷʵ
ܡ
ǧ˿ڵǿ˵ͷǵط̫ߣҾٿӰӣҲ޷ƷŲβ
Σ
۾ʡ
ҽƷŲεգ̤أӦþ㹻ɵƷŲˡ
ǧ˿ڵӵ˵ž
𣿡
һȻôûãǾȥɣ
£ϳʱǧ˿ڵӸݵĲϻһѪۣ
ǧ˿ڵһæȵȣҿԵģ
㲻Ҫˣһκ쳣Ⱦ㡣
Į˵вȻǼһﲱӸǰ
ǧ˿ڵӣ֪ԲǸúŪĶ֣ȥֻԣܲܽǼƷŲŪˡ
ҵ㣬֮ʵǷõ˼ƷŲΣҲл
ǧ˿ڵѵ
Ͳˣ춯֣
Į
˲Ҵ⣬æٿԼӰӣŹֵӰŶɽڿ˹ȥ
гԼӸǰǲϸ۲ǰǰʱ֣Ϧ£ɽһȫӰ֮С
Ӱӵǰд˼
бӰУٿصӰӿǰУܿ˶ɽʮɸߡ
У̫Զˣҹ
ǧ˿ڵӳ˵ʱ˿̣ӰӿѾһ̶ȣϵĻ޷ԼӰˣ
ǧ˿ڵܹٿӰӣȻҲоƣҾԽԶԽӰӵжԽͻ
ˣ
˵ţٳǧ˿ڵӣŶɽڵײŲȥ
ǻĶɽϵӰӾ뼫ƷŲڵԽԽϦɽڵӰػŵ޸ûɽϵ
ǧ˿ڵӣԶԶƿ޵ڣڿɽڣ˶ɽµһƬС
ˡ
ǧ˿ڵЩ𣿡

ͷ˵
Ȱ⾳ҵӰӷӲô
ǧ˿ڵֵ
Ҫ֪⾳ʱܹͷųûǲҪĴҡ
˵ţȻϣ
ǧ˿ڵ˿漴ʱɽϴһЩʯ
˭
ˣ
ޣ̾ͷ˶ɽϵ쳣һʱ̧ͷŶɽ˹ȥ
̧ͷȴһɫӰӣоȻһüƷŲΣɢżŨɽڳԶӣ
ǧ˿ڵˣ
һ޼״һŲһ˱˶ɽϣɽһϡ
ȻһȭɫһɽϺһӣʯը¡
ǧ˿֮˲ٿӰٶȼ죬ǿصĽޣ޷׷ϡ
ֻƬ̣ӰӴżƷŲڶɽѸٱУת˲ɽïܵС
ƷŲŨƤӵߣֱǳ룡
һޣЦһһ֣׷
˭ҶǻĶɣ
һ޵˵ţҲʲôӰȻѾʮɿ⣬ٶȾ磡
൱ˬ幫һżƷŲΣû뵽Ȼȡˡ
ʱ㽫ŲεҲʧ˲٣ǿ϶ܳͷ
£˸ܷŹ˼ƷŲεˣ¶Էǧ˿֮Ů
Ȼܿ죬ɫࡣ
Ϊ׷İ;ƷŲɢȻͻȻʧˣ
𽥱䵭ͻȻ֮䣬Ũȫûˣһ˿һо
ѵǱ˳ˣ
̲ס뵽Ǳ˳ˣŨҲʧôŶԣ
ӰпٴУżƷŲʧ֮ǰ
ûãһ᾵ǧ˿ڵʬ壬ǰƷŲΣѾʧ
ô£
˶һۣޱ
ἫƷŲεǧ˿ڵӣƷŲȴʧһĻ˷·Ԩ
쵽ң
˲ľƷŲΣ̷ͷж
ǣоƷŲεϢ֮ǻôܽһ
뿪֮󣬾ǧ˿ڵʬ岻ԶһУһӰ˲ʧãã֮С
Ӱ
ոƷŲεõֵʱǧ˿ڵӳûʩչ似ҪӰӽƷȴֱѹһȭࡣ
ţԾӡƷŲεȫڸ
ʱѾڲԶܵĻǲ˾ͽڸԶһ¡
ޣҲû뵽һ㣬Ȼֱطȥˡ
ץסʱȻǳûˡ
ûãֱӲͬصԭء
ʲô𣿡
һʵ
ûС
һҡҡͷܹ˲üƷŲʧģȥֻһֿܣǾǱװ˿ռ챦
ռ챦
ɫúܲÿӵпռ챦ˣڻʳǶǴȻ
˱ֻԭصȺûã幫ͽǶ
һ˵ɫһ䣺ռ챦
漰ռ챦ˣ;Բһ򵥵ˣ
ӵпռ챦ˣڻʳǶǸһüƷŲΣðŵΣᡣ
гڡڡšǧ˿ڵĵӣ뿪֮ʱ˶Ҫϸ̲飬κοɵļһֱץ
ֱ´ɫ
ƷŲΣڻУھȻȥ˭븶ۣ

һߡ
õƷŲΣ˸εĳ׼ռƷŲеҪȻʱԽãƷŲεʧԽࡣ
ȫգ׼󲿷ʱھӡС
ȫռƷŲеҵǿԳһأ˿ľ̫ģ׵ã
֮㿪ʼռƷŲΡ
ƷŲ̺ʵǺ纣ͲǰյƷŲȣŨʮֹ
ȻҪأҪյҲʮֹ
ǻԵɺϣػء
ƷŲΣգ
һҧ鼫ƷŲΣʼͬʱþӡ󲿷
һŨڣһ֮֮ӿȣȫǧصļޡ
㹻ˣ
ֹͣգվ
ʱ˿̣֮ǰǿ˲٣ҾӡлżƷŲξųɵ
ȵ뿪Ų֣ܹʼգͻأӭӡɱ䣡


44 
꼫ƷŲΣ¹һ̶еսӽС
ų躮֮ǰڴжȥ
ǰѳǧ˿ڵӲϻѪۣͽɣ˺á
˿ûпϧһս
ͱ巢ֶȣһսʵ̫пˣ˵һƷսƷսҲԥĶ
ܿ죬ڻص躮ڵĵط
ʱ躮Žڵʬ΢һ˻
ʦܣôˣ
躮æʵ
û׷ϣǰѳŪˡ
˵ڼƷŲε飬Ȼ˵躮ġ
Է˭ûУ
躮üͷ΢壺ѲǧڹŲУҲֻǧˣĻҲûҪܲŶԡ
ǧ˿ڵˣٶȺܿ죬Ҳ֪˭
ҡҡͷź˵
ô˵ˣ躮ȻٶʲôֻõʦܣƷŲζѾõˣһ뿪Ų֣Ҳñ֤Լİȫ
ʦ֣֮ǰס׷ʱƷŲΡ
ҡͷһЦڣôһ뿪ٻҵƷŲΣƷŲΣͲ˵ˣϾŲܹûж٣һܼ
ֵܣʦֹȻûп㣡
躮һЦ
ţ΢һг̣һɶϢ׼ڶһٳѰҹŲΡ

ʮʱ䣬ת˲š
һ·ܿҵƷŲΣֱһ죬һֱûмƷŲεӰ
ˣƷŲκƷŲΣҾͻƵҲѾԶƷŲΣҲ󡣡
Ųڴȥ;У躮Ц˵
оԼصУͿԳԳؾˣһɹѡһźĵս
һսɹΪĵӣȥ似ɽƷ似
磬֮ǰᴩȵһ似첨ɣڳƷ似ֲ
ͬأƶ̷Ļһ첨ɣһӱʯ
Ʒ似Ʒ似ǿ̫ˡ
ʦܣջСΪսʤǿߡΪĵӣҲָտɴˡ
躮Цŵ
ɡ
˵ͷȴţսĵǵȻġ
ֻȵӡд֮ضֱӵսƣ
սڣܷͷȴһйᴩȣˣ𣬲ɲ
ңƻͼ߷糤ķҼ֮λӲܷŹ
ʦ֡
ۿſҪŲֳڴˣͻȻʲô˵ǻ̲֮飬˵һͬɽׯΣ
躮ڸһɽׯɽׯ
⻰躮Щ죺ôʦܣѲͻʲôϸ𲻳ɣ˵źѲʲôӦ޹زŶԡ
ʦ֣ʵҶԼҲܸоǽйء֪»ҡ
˵
ԭˣİɣʱҾ˵ɽׯСһ𳤴顣
躮ˬһЦ
ŷţ躮һ˹Ųֵĳڴ
ͨŲֵĳűϣޣ㡾ְš
Ľ꣬վ԰أ׷Źκһ
躮ͬʱǰһ
վס
һ˺סˡ
һΪɲ⣬躮ȻΥֻͣ˽Ų
ڣ躮
ɨһۣǵΪƺȽ֮ʱ˲١ر㣬
һ˵ţɫ˫أأУɵ˶ٹŲΣʵ
ƷƷƷŲΣȫõ
ֱŽ˫ۣ侲˵
ߡ
¶мŲӣⲽǰбӣ֣һôڵķ
ڴ֮ǰӦôδŶԣ
۾ʵ
ڣ㡣
һ㣬ûʵʸ񣡲˵ʱ򣬾Ͱı죡
ĪҪŭ
ʱ躮ڳЦ˵ɽׯС飬϶Ǵ뵽Ǹˡ
ҲǣǷӦ޷̤ĲŶԡ
Ȼ˵漴һ֣
һʱ֪ԷȻţҪѳƷŲ
ֻϧЩһôѣҵƷŲεˣ

ܿ죬躮ϣûзκο֮ų˹Ų֡
躮ˣȴȻ˼ŸոսĻ
һôڵķ
ǷӦ޷̤ĲŶԡ
仰һ𣬼ȷ˵ľͽ꣬ϵģпѪԵϵϵ
Ȼǽֻǹǻ֮ˣǲ֪ĸ֮ˣѵͽң
һ˼һ߸躮ǰߣûþͿźۣվڳŲԶǡ
ϡ
ȥܿ쵽ԡ
ǳˣջ񲻴
ɨһˣ΢΢һЦȻΪнرȻֱһؾ硣
ǻϣȥ֮ұҪչأؾ磬ǳɹҪ׼սĵˡ
躮ֱ˵ϵǰҲûʲôġ

ϵ˵ͷûж˵ʲôעŹŲֳڴɫȴǺܺá
һΣܹʮˣֱڣֻ躮˴ӹŲг
ˣƺࡣ
ڣŶǲ
ǱߣڲֻзԼصĵӳ֣ǧ˿ڣֻһصĵӡ
ǿĸˣһû
ʱŲڴͻȻһ󾪻ޱȵĺ
ȣң
һŮޱȵľ֣һҵĽŲ˹ŲȺ˶С
˰ŹŲһȥȴһŮܳ󣬾ȻӰ׷ɱ
Ůڵķٻٻ
ס֣
ڹŲֳڴĽ꣬ȳȻȴûκá
ֻӰԼٶ׷һ̱㽫ٻٻȫᴩʱѪע
лŶĿȻᴩȫĳӰӣͬЫһ㣬һӾͶ
Ȼһٻٻʬ嵹ڵϣһƬ
֮һɫŮٻӰⲽһҫѪĹâ
ǧ˿ǧ
ͫһ벻ڹŲֳڴǧҳɱˣʵǲ
ǧѩ׵ûκα飬·ոɱ˵Ĳһ㣬һһŹŲֳڴ
ڹŲֳڴɱˣƺ̫׵
վһüͷ΢ţǧ˵
Ϊ幫һ԰ӵʱ򣬷·ԼǸ߸ϵס
ȻǧǧΪЩ˼ɵӡ
һУȻΪǧݣĸףǧ˿ڵ


45 
ǧ˵ʱ̬ȽȻͬ
һԣһĻʵϵҪԣ
ʵݣǻ֮ˣҽΣ
벻ٻٻûȴǧ
š
ԵϺ躮˸üͷ΢壬֮ԼǰɱζԲܣرǶ϶ԣ
ȻԵǽǧ˵ݣ̫⣬϶ûʸվ˵ʲô
ֻܳѡ
ôµϣȻʲôһִ֮ʲô
Ȼٻٻǰȴûκΰ취
ϵɫУиǳҪʵĿ
ʲôԭ٣ϺͰϡϣʹһڶ˵ѾһȷҸУ
裬պؽٱ
¶ģ
ǧԽ꣬ʲôû˵ֻǳŹŲ˳
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ͷţ̲סͷ𾪣Ϊɲ⣬˴ӡɢѹشƣط򣬱̣
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躮ŶУдЩ֮ϣޱ飬鹵ͨأһ飬̤һΣ۶ô֮ˣܻһǿߣ
һһݣ飿
֮ϣȻ飬̤һΣ
ÿ̬һϵΪӡ̵ܸĽѹط
躮˵
飬
ɡ
ŵȴĵȵס
ͷӣȻôǾȳȫ㣡
ǧ˿ǿߣϵӡ飬ȴǲŲæֱΧ
ţǧ˿ǿ߱󣬸ԳһӰɢɭϢ˲ϵӡԿ
ȻҲ飡
״һҧ֪Ͽ²˶֣ԷĻǵôûпǵϵʵ
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ʱ˿̣ʵȥǿߣǻֱ㱻ŪˡȻΪȡʱ䣬㲻ܹϵ
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ʲô⣬躮պػǧ˿ڴϳ
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ֻڵǣ̫СֻǴ
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46 ȭ
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⻰Ȼġ
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˵ͷ漴üͷ΢壺ϵϢ𣿡
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׶༪١
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ΪЩ׷ɱ躮ȴʼûϢ
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漴תصݣ׼վӡдļƷŲε

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ȥôġ
ڵȫŴļƷŲ
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ˣԼԤʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣôѣҲҪͻƵأ
ѰҪͻأǧֻ࣬Ҫӵ㹻һҲǲܵġ
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УоԼصϵԽԽܣ̵̺ѹһĨϣ׳
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漴ȫӿȣѸӿÿһ缡ÿһ⣬ԭǧĻһӰʮ
ʮֻһԣ׼ȷ˵Ǳһٶʮƥ֮һǿӵеĻ
ڣһȭȥ൱һٶʮƥ
˫ۣоȫ·Զء
غأȻ༫󣬵ͻʮָоȫǲһġ
֮ǰص̷ˣǳ˵ʱ򣬲пõһɡ
أͻˡӡȻʼɱ䡣
ͷһԼŵľӡ
ֻоһȴִŵɭϢӾӡϴ֫ٺȫȻһ
ţͼǾӡϵĺɫ·ɫ˸ܵڤȪϢ

ܵӡɱ䣬㳢伤漴һֲӵ֫ٺ
ʮ
һƥ֮
ɱ֮ľӡȻﵽʮ֮ǰʮ֮࣡
ʵ˲䷢ɱ䣬ȻϲѵĻֻˡ
һ׼Ʒ似ĿӡԺ֮У
ȭӡڶɱļƷ似ȳƷ似ǿһΣ
ʵģȭǿҵڴ


47 ԻȪ
Ʒ似ȭ
֪似УƷ似ģƷ似Ʒ似αƷ似ǿ
Ʒ似Ѿǿ似֮ǰʩչ첨ɣԼźĵʸĸֳƷ似
ڳƷ似ϵļƷ似δ˵
֪ȭжôǿ
ȭΪڵңֻһΪԻȪڵڶֻءӦҪȵӡ´ξѲˡ
ţ漴üͷ΢塣
ھӡݸϢУԻȪǼƷ似ֻأûʲôܡ
ڶܱȵһǿҪȻҲƾڵľ޷ֻǣѵڼƷ似֮ϣ似бļ𲻳ɣ
һûʲôֻա
ôʱһж˵ģڵֻҪȭһԻȪþͳˡ
ȭΪ֮ÿһȭϾ֮Ѹͣٶȼ죬󡣡
˼žȭĽܣʼ˵ת
ȭҪһ裬ܽΪ֮
Ѱ˵ǲɵ飬ֻ߾ӡ֮ˣܹһ㡣
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ϧʱ޷ٿؾ֮÷˲أһ¾ͻָȫˣ̤ء
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ھ֮תҲֻã򣬸˵Լ۾֮ˡ
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κ似ֻдﵽСɣɽ׶Σܹչֳﵽ۷壬ᷢɱ䣬Բ磬ֲĪˡ
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ﵽСɾʱԻȪٶȺƾڼ˾ӡ֮ӵеĶʮ֮һȭܻѰǿߣ
ӿֳǿţֱ˿̣˵㰲ȫС
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ԻȪǴɣһȭ⻯Ȫ·öָ񣡡
¶ģҪڽȥʱڣԻȪɾ磬һԷҲбʤİա
öָԼͿ϶Ҫȳֻܹ޶ȷӳԻȪһе
Ȼĸд̵ọ̀һǧľ
֮ǰѵľӡУǸĴˡ֮ˣҪȭɣܳһʱ䣬ղܹɹ
ڣǰ־ԻȪһϽ١
֮ԻȪ̤ɾ硣
һȭ⻯Ȫ·þϢֶ֣
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ȭǿɱﵣ򲻵ѣûǲҪչǰ
֪ʵĵҪþȭֵܴܶĻǾԲʩչġ
ɱţ
ʱ֮ǰԼʱڹˡ
ȥսǺĵһ˵ĺˡ
߳ݡ

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䶷µдսĳ⣬ŵӺͺĵӵսҲС
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Ϊ䶷ܹҪսĵӣһҪսĵʮķƣ
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Ͼƽʱʱ躮ŵһЩһھ͵ˣͺڰ׶סһ𣬺ڵӻûʲô
ڴĿУһµӣⲽ䶷ڡ
ĵʮˣ
ȻҪսʮķƣ
ڵʮλͣ˽һ꣬սƣ㹻ա
ǵһǰƲأ̤ĵӵʮɼ츳֮ߡڽأʵǿʵʵܱȵϺĵǰ֮ˡ
Ҳ̫Сĵǰˡǰ֮ˣһǿߣƾأҲǶ
䶷УУ۷׷ף
Ȼ߽䶷·˿û˵ԹŲӣ侲ĳ䶷ȥ
룬̧ͷĳһ˹ȥ
ƣˡ
ŵĮһķԼս

һЦӿ̨֮ϴЦһһϮ£䶷Ȼ
ӣڿЦȴޱȻ·žӣ˿
Ƿơ
Դ似ڴɣ֮ϮˣϢ²ȫָ
ʱѾ̤أʵһ¥
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һʹ࣬Ʊŭƽȴ˿ķŭ΢΢Цţš
Ҫʬεʱ˿̣躮һ䶷ĳۿųϡ
ĵӵʮƣƽʱǺѵòܼһ档
躮۾ȺųС
ãԿ̤֮ʵж仯
˵ͷ˵
ƻһǰ似ڴʵĻԿ϶Ѿ֡
ڷ̤أԱʱǿ˲ֹһˡ
ͷƣӣǰţγԱȡ
һĵӵʮһʮǿ֮ײڴĻ


48 ʲ
䶷Уͷ໥š
ɫȻȴɫأȻһսǳӣ֪Ƶʵǿ
ͻȻͻȻһΧ߻δӦһӰѾ˷Ʊ
ǳƷ似ߣ
ٶȣʵ̫ˣУҲߣ
ûдﵽǸ̶ȣ߿ֻǴɶѡˣҲѾԺˡ
Χ𣬶зȴ
ֻһ̧֣һɵİɫⲨ֣ƹ壬һ
Ʒ似첨ɣ
첨ɣȻһԵĹֶΣһֲٿƵֶΣɣɹأޱȿֲ
ʱ˿̣Ʊƣ
ɫϮɫ䣬Ų΢ξȻٴһ·һ㣬һ
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˲粽Ȼɵıٶȣɾ˲ϢһԽɾ룬ǲ̫Զ
Ǵɣڶ֣̾Զɱʱ򣬻ܹسɴ磬׷ɱܶмƣ
ߣ似ȵΪĵ֮Ҫı似ˡ
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ڵоȭзħ壬Ψ似ֻƷ˲粽
Ȼ˲粽Ҳͦ˳ģʱܾġ
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УƲƣƹƾ賬Ʒ似ߣȻûбƴһ£
˶صΪ֮䣬·ƥڶأ䶷һƬޱȼҡ
۲Ƿƻ˶ֻһƷ似õĶƷ似ԲƷ似
Ʒ似Ѷ̫ͬʱƷ似Ļܹˡ
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ȭʱǰαľ飬ԼӡİĻ޷ôʱھͽ״ɡ
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Уµǿվϴžǿ֮ɫһΣҰˣһսģ
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Ƶ˵дһ˿ںĵʮʵȣ̫һʵûóء
ǿδأ
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һĵս徹ȻҪɱͬŵӶᱦȻǲʲ壬ȻˣҲˣ
볡Уһָ˺壬㣬ɣ
Ϊʦ֣С
һЦȫûа
ҾͲˡ

뵽˵ʱ似ſڣҲô˵ģȴлˣ
壬֪ܲʱ飬Ȼ˵УóһﲻǶԼоţҪˣթ
֮£ƾԺӡ󣬶ԷҪˣթĿԸһЩ
ˣڳֵʱͬʱ˷׼
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һһӳ˺ǰ漴λȭ׵ȭ˳ȥһȭХȥ
Ϸħܹ̺ʮһȭ裬źԴȥ

ɳһЦ漴֮ɫ֣׼ȥɣ
ڴоԼһȭȻһӰϣ
壬ȻҲѾ˲粽۷壬ܹ۲Ӱ
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˵УȴȻ͵Ϯ
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ǣδȥָ壬Ҫܲܶ͵Ϯ
ħ֣
һȫ֣ʱ˶
͵Ϯķ󱳣ʱһ֮
漴˲һɨ˺壬ɱȻ֣


49 
ں͵Ϯ׼ħһ㽫Է͵Ϯķȫɵֵסˡ
ţһͷų
˲䣬һȷŷƸǿѹ͵Ϯĺϣ͵ӸˣɫΪ֮һ䡣
⾳Ȼǿ󣡡
ΪںĵӣȻ֪⾳Ĵڣǣȴûܹ⾳
ʱͷŵϣ˵Ķ·ͣ͡
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ԭǻ룬ļ¾սĵӣ϶Ǳذɣڣʵȴȫ෴
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ģȴûгкϾڳϸ󣬿ɲġ
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Сӣλ
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50 Ʒ似
ǧ˿ڵʱ򣬾ʲô֪ϡڵڶ೤ͬҪ֪
ˡֱԡ
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ڵǧ˿ڣǧ˿СһλҲڡ
ٵ˵ţ޵ɨһۡ
⻰һʱڶ೤϶Ȼԭˣ
躮ȴ֪˵ġһλ˭
ֻ˵⻰ʱԼ񣬲룬ѵ˺Լйأ
ˣ
üͷ΢ţѵʵǿᣬȻٶܴˣ
Դˣȴδ˵ֻǽŵ뺮Ƕȥȴ顣ˣһλвҪ
ʲô
ڶ೤ɫ䡣
ڿķһλȻвҪɼƹҪˣ
ڳĶǴˣһʹˣߴƴһλҪдѹˣ
ô˵
гϳʵʱȿôģźá
Ϊ˾Ⱥŵӣѽľ
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⻰ֳһȻΪΪ˾µӣȻľȥˣ
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ٽ˵һһ٣Ǹʱ򣬱䣡
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Цŵͷ漴ܣ㿴ɽΧɽϣֺͼΣܹΪŸǷֱžֳƷ似


51 ѡ
ڵľֳƷ似У似ǹ߷似ǹһģ첨ɺ̫׺
Ʒ似⣬һĻƺʺҡ
۲ֳƷ似Ľܣĥ
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һںĵӣҪƷ似Ļ϶ѡߡ
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ǽĻɣٶȴͬʱĻ꣡Ļ֮󣬾ֻᱻ˺Ѱǹꪣᴩ͸Ļ֮ûκЧ
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ᣬֻʣ°ʱ䣬ܽħԲҲûʲôʱĻˡԲķħ壬Ч϶ҲǲٶԸسЩһӦǹˡ
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Ƿħ壬򵥴ֱֻǣ΢ʹ˵㡭
ҧгݵš
ڣڲϴĵһҪһֲ¶ᵼΪʧΪˡ
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š
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52 ;ɱ
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ĵ˵ͷۣ˲ɢųֳΪһɫӡ
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ƢΣΣģ֧֮࣬Ļܣκһ⣬˵嶼ܵӰ졣
ڣ࣬Ѷȿ֪һʲôٲľء
ȫһ飬ܱøǿһЩЧ
ģһл֮ѪҺѭ࣬ǿʼͷѣκʱ̶侲
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߹ʦ˵صʵܱص͵ϮɱġˣҪﵽ֮ˣֱӽԶԶɱ
꣬ȻƺΪʦ֣
ԣһݣʱˣص꣬ȻǷưŵ£ͬڵĺĵӣ
һ糤к꣬˶أһ͵ϮԸһ϶ǲġ
ǰ֮
صķϵԣʱתҪʩչ似ҪԶԶĽ⽴
ԭĵ塣
´ͷ糤һ׼ʩչ似ɱڵϵһʧ
ȻڴʱԭڵϵȴǡಡһͬʱһǿʢѹϴȫУ


53 Ƽ
ΧʱȻ𣬰һǿͷųѹס
ںĵ塢糤СˣΪ֮һ͡
Ѿϣ
ʧɫææ̧֣һ⾳ͷųҪԿ
⾳ãԭΪʵǿȥسǿԺúõһǿߵĴ
뵽ǰɱĺĵӵһȻѾϣ
ѹ⾳ɢȴֱӳƣһ˻ûܷ
ȻȴȻѹסˡ
壬Ϊںĵӣٴ֮ʱ㾹ӽɱͬʦܣǷ̫Щ
һ漴Ļ꣬һ
ΣںҹбһŵӡͻȻǰ
ħӡ
ϵѹ֮£ѵҪ㿪һƣŲŸնǽӡӡš
Ȼ
һ죬һĵ÷ɳʮɿ⣬ˤڵϣһѪҲ
ȻͬΪأǰȴһͱˡ
˫Ѳһϡ
ħ̤Բ磬ӡҲ̫ĸҿʱ̶ӡҵĻ൱ǿߣ
һƻ壬ٴĻ꣬ǰȥ
ҹУûܹ׽ĻӰ
ôôǿ
糤м屻һķɣ˶ˣţоһ󾢷ӱ˺ë
֣
Բķ似֣糤ʩչֻһֳצֱ̽ȥһϢɢø֮׹ߣ
Բ֣ǿ󣬹ɢϢѪҺͨж衣
ֳֻƷ似Բ磬Ҳֵܵڵ
ǰҪ似似ȴٰѣٰ㳰
Ȼڣ似ǰѾͬһĴڡ
Ǿƴԣħӡ
һ֣ʥ֮ɢʱϢȫɢţһƳڷ糤ǰ
飡
ƣ˲ײһ𣬵֣ꡱһ糤еƣǷһ㣬ֱӴ
˫似ǿӲƴʤ
ܣ
ͷӷ糤г֣ȻȴΪʱ
ħӡ
ŵĴӡһγڷ糤иǰòӦת似ʩչҪ롣
Ȼϵѹ£糤ʩչ似ͱеٶȫ½ѡ
ž
Žһƣֱ˷糤еıʱһѪͬߵķݣ˳ȥˤڵûϢ
ʱΧЩҪɱķӵܣﻹ
ڣƴҪ룡
ֻϧϵѹ£ÿ˵ٶȶһ룬ӣܶܲ
Էħӡͷ糤еʱ˶ûܳԶֻҪһ׷κһˡ
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ص˲ʧȥսʣЩӵܱ㶼߹صϵϣһ֮С
֮䣬ȫ£ֻʣһ裬Ѿ˼ӳϵѹƷΧ
ûһһ𣺡糤ϣҪȥĶ

ŷоһѩϮȻסҪĽŲ
÷һ֪ܲˡ
ޱȵĺڣΪҪ似ȻڻǺúõķϵϣҲڱɱ
糤ϣżܣлҪ㡣
Ļ꣬һ̾ڷǰֱ֣˵ʵǲǻˣ
軹ΪԼҪˣû뵽ʳ⣬΢΢һ㶡
ֻϵϸֳһ˿ϣæǻˣҾǰ죬ͽ常ˣΪ˷ҼڣӦڴϯףԼΪɣ
常ˣ
ɫ˲
ǵġ¶޹ذҪңȥŹңұ֤ԺԲǰ
ð亹ĵ
𣿡
һЦ漴һ̧֣⸽ϣħӡʱ
ڵˣĴ
ϴŲ֮ɫħӡţ˵ɳȥѪص޷صһ
ƾȻˣҴ常ԷҼҵҪʲôȥҼ
кâһûС
ʬ崦سǷǰУ

سǣҡ
ɫ𽥷ʱķҸۡһ·ŵƽʣҹͣҪףƳΪҵļ
ңһƬЦ˷ò֡
֮УһϮ£΢Цϯض˲ǰĹء
ڷԣһ̬ưӣģǺ躮Щ񣬺ܿͬǴɽׯ߳ǿߡ
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ǲ˵һ䡣
ǷСӲһûȵˣȻǰ
ǳ躮ӣֽң˵
ûд𻰣ֻ˼ʲô
֮ԺɨһۣسǵĺŴ嶼̷ңؼң޼ңԼǰء
ʵӰ죬ƽأʵǷǿƳΪҼسˣҲأ
ǿߣسǶټҪ֪سԭǿҲ̷棬ʮһضѡ
ڣƲŲʮ̷꣬Ტۣܲ˹άͽ᣿
ŷԵңΪͬڶǿĵӣյ˲ٲͬµĴ
ֶȻ̤أϲɺأ
һ׷ߴһȹŮ˷ǰڹ˵Ů̷£ͬΪڵӣ׽׽
׷ߣȻس̷ң̷棡
̷棬ƺΪŮ˵ýˡ
ƴһŵŮ̷£ֻһߣ뿴ȴֲҿģͦϲġ
ǿߣȱŮ飿
°ɡ
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š
̷¶ϲɫлƼ
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һԵң̷µݣҲЩϲȻǷƿϵģȻʲô˼
һ;Ůʼֻġ
Ƶ˵һ䡣
⻰һԸµ̷ЩˬԷƣȴұֳ
ʱͻȻԺڴ˵ľ˷Ƶ˵ע⡣
ơҡ̷һ۳Ժ֮ȥȴһźµֽ꣬ķҼͻɣǵ̤˷ң

ðô


54 ҳ
γ֣ȫԾ
Ƹһվüͷ
ˣôأиһȥɱķ糤Сأѵ˵ûƬ֣·˲ɣ
ҪȻĻûСӣ
ƼǺ磡
һ۾ͿһϮµķƣҲڷԵ̷£ԼԺеˡ
̷ң
һ׷ߣ̷ʮˣԺ֮ƣһˣڹŲֱɱ̷ᡣ
ֻϧ̷û̷֪Ǳɱ
̷Ų̷棬һоһĨɱ⡣
֪Ů̷£ڸռڲãͱ꣬һȡ
ˣ̷Ҫ
ɼүŮΪ̷簮̷˵Ĺ
ؼң
һߣ֮ǰ֮ڵض޵һԡ
ӣضĸףҲǱɱڵĸףؼҼѣ
ʱ˿̣ѿð˳޵ŭ
ضϳڣȻ֪Ǳɱʱô̵ס
ɱ֮𣬽ձر
޼ң
ǰûʲôϸ޼Ҷڣ޼һֱȽϵ͵سĴУ޼ٺ򽻵ˡ
ˣڷƵϷҼʱ޼һһء
񣡡
ĸŮеһ϶ž㵣Ȼû뵽ʱ
ĸŮ糤ȴǲӰ
˵常ƴˣĸŮڴ˹طƣǻˡ
кâһȴʱûȥؼģҪ糤裡
ƣ常ڣ
һƣʵ
⻰һԣһվĿһۣҶƳΪҼӣʲôڴ˴СУԼ񣡡
ӣǷƺͷĸף糤죡
ڵλϣŷҵϵ䡢ȵȣֻϧٻٻڹŲֱǧɱǼһĻˡ
ͷˣжųޣ˭Ƕأ

ЦһƾҲʸ񵱷ҵļЦ
⻰һΧʱ˿ʼ
ǿߣķ
ɷ쾭壬Ѳɣ
Ȼʱ£ǲ֪
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ֳ֣Χ˶¶ϷʵЦݣڽ촳󳳴֣ʵ÷ƶСӾԻᱻݺݽѵһ٣
Ȼܿ죬Щ˵Цȫϡ
ԼʲôģŶ԰ɣ
ЦһΡȻֱֱһȭ
Ϊԭķ״мһЦһȭӳҪƴ
飡
Ȼһһֱֱӱϵ˵ɳüԶˤڵز֪
ȫһƬžЩҪЦˣʱ͵
ΨЩ֪ʵģûжһĻʲô⣬ؼҼѣơҵȵȡ
֪ɱڣͿ϶صķܹԸġ
ơң֪ںĵӣֻܱܡ
ôĵӡ
ҷˣǷ̫һЩ
ǰ˼Ҿ͸վɣ
һ
Ҿһ仰
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⻰˵꣬һĨɱ
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Σ
㹻ģƾԼڵʵԸһƾ
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ۿͷìңͬʮ̷Һؼˣ԰סˡ
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躮Ұܡ
ͷЩ޹صĶкã
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⻰һ˰ڣȫһ㶣漴Ц
ңصǿߣƾ㣬Ȼ˵һĻͲÿЦô
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ãһЦЦЦ常Ů㸸׵ļ㣬طƣͲΪ̫޳˵㣿
ʵǿһǸף֡
ѵӦóΪҷҼ
˵úãһʵǿҼ
˵ڣ㸸ײδˣȴڴΪƱ绤ǲǱӽԺͲ㸸ףҪŷƻȥˣ
⻰һв˶ԷͶȥĿ⡣
Ҳе㽩һĸ漴ͼ̱ĳˣСӣɲҪʵƳΪҼΪ֮ˣǰһкβףûĶڷҺַΪɺͳ
ϻȽ˵
һдŲˬΪںĵӵʮʵǿǰȻ˵Ҫһʵˬ
ҵҪƾʲôһ
һдųһ̤վǰʮԶ
˶ţ֮˷׷׸óλãõȻ꼰ǡ
ңͬǴɽׯĳƷ似Ӧ̫׺
ţңȫʼתۡ
Ʋ
˫ڵһ̤˾𣬷ʮ֮ߣ
ƲƷ似˵Բ̤ƶˣ似á
ƣ
߿ең˫ֻ裬ɫһ
ңһΪֲҪ漴ͷų⾳ҪѹƣӶһнܣչֳԼǿʵ


55 һ
һʩչʱ⾳ǽ֮ȫڡ
Щ⾳ѹƵıͣһд󺧣ʲôȻתͣͣ裬˳ûǣǾӲȥ
ȻںĵӣصĿֲǿߣ
ǲԶ̷棬ܵһѹ⾳ԼӰ죬Ҳɵɫһ䣬£̫ˡ
ص⾳Խȫ˶һס
ķֻߴŲУص̷棬ûʲôķȻʲôط⾳
һ̣˶оᱻһϾһѹʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼһ̣Ȼˡ
ӡ
һʮӾӡݵȫ£ڷɢâ
ħӡ
һɫӡʱķɳϮ˴ң
ɫʩչԲ似һƳǽӡ£ʱɫɫײһ˲ɢȥ
һ̣渡ֳâʩչ˷ħ֡
Ҳأĵʮǿߣһзħӡ޷
һƣӲͷ­ϣ
飡
һ죬һ粨Χɢۡ
֮ˣǿᣬһͷ­ϣǲֱӾˣ
ô
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ħӡ
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һǴӡϮҽ˺˺ü漴һӣһɫâɢų
̫׺
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ţһɫƿϮ˲ǽӡ
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ϱ˲ҵ⾳ҽһ̫׺Χٴγһ
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ûмʶԿ϶ǰƵʵԱҪǿö࣡


56 ս
Ƴֵ֣·ڣ׷׾ˣҪ֪ƿڵķҼڵĺĵУǰʮ֮У
ˡѾ˼ŻңԷƱضֻаһ;ˡ
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Ҹ֮ۡ⣬سǽֵϣ
ʩչƷ似ߣ˲һѳսһɨ
ڵƷ罣
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罣
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ռڣͺսʱ򣬺ʩչɾļ罣ۼȴӲˡ
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̷ңΪ̷ڣռسǴ󲿷ԴӵõԴҲ࣡
̷㣬иʵǿϵⱲӲܹ÷ǳȣ⣡
Զֵϣٷ첨ɵİɫƣ˷Ӧ
ϣ
һͷųǿѹϣ˲佫
һЩΧɱİɫƶʱٶȣ漴ʩչħӡһƽһĳ
䣡䣡䣡
һɫƣȫ飡
ϵѹ£ԲĳƷ似Ӳƿ
벻ͣҲܹϣʵף
Ƽ״һԭվתһϮ޷ԶƮȻ
ţһ͵ƴһӺ໥Կ
ֻϧϣҲѾƾԸң㻹̫ˣ
ư趯磬ּɫٴۣ첨ΪƷ似صĵ١
㱻ƽ⣬Ҳܹϵʩչֲսֻ
ƣҲѾϣ
üͷ΢壬һΣöþӡһ似ˡ
ȭҿжôǿɡ
ţһâ


57 
ͷųϣ࿹ʱ֪ٲʩչȭĻ϶޷ƻܵˡ
Ȼƺ֮ǰһأʵȴҪǿ̫࣬ԲĳƷ似磬һ壬ѶԸ
㣬ˡ
ĮĻ£漴һһİɫƣӿϮ
ŷưƮ裬˶ԵüΪ첨似ʩչΧ֮̾ڶ
رȹ̷£ҪϷơ
ٴӸոշƵıӦǲųģܺͷǿߺϵĻ
ʦ֣һҪɱ
һֱ۵ңǿǽվԶԶУų޵Ĺâ
Сһδܵ裬Сӣ
֮УĮĿŽֵϵսȫûҪֵ˼
ҪܾˣܹԸ
ңڷƵУҲ˰ɣϾԷƵ츳պɾ;Բֹ˵ġ
СӣҪˡ
ڷԣ˵ŷֶȢǼǳ롣
һЦʵϣһʼ糤ĻҲڶɱ⡣
Ȼڣһжˣ۷糤ôҪضڷУ
Сӣˡ
ؼҼѣŽֵϵĳЦһЦ
תߣǲɨ̷Һ޼򣬾̷桢޼Ҽ߶һ
һЦԵ˵ͷ漴ƿߡ
ȻףصʱĳƻҪԷң
ڣֻҪһ͵жʱˡ
ֻϧڵķ˶Դһ֪зҵϵϵӵܣ˷ܵĿŽֵϡ
ǵμƣһϣ
رǱϹһȵķ䣬Լ似ſڰܸķ˴ʱ˿̵Ϊ
似ȣڣҸ磬ƣҪɱ
ҧгݵţ·ѾһɫƲƣȻ󱻻ɱĳ
Ȼһֵ̣ϵĳ˵Ԥϣ
첨ɣƷ似Բ磬ȷǿ
վԭأһڷзžâ˼ȭǼƷ似Ȼֻɾ磬ҪԿ첨ɣӦûûġ
ڣûһмƷ似
Ʒ似ҪƹǸ̶ȣŻôһУɴ˿ɼƷ̶ȣѰ޿һӶһΡ
ȻڣȴѾƷ似ȭһԻȪ˴ɾ磡
ȭԻȪɾ磬һȭȥ⻯Ȫ·ԻȪ֮ģ
ԷǽƶİɫƣȻһԭһӰ
˲粽Ӱ
ĻĻ꣬䣬ת˲ܿ˲ƹİɫƣ
һȭԻȪ
ŵλȭףɢĹâһ֮ȭɢ

Ƹܵɢľ֮ɫһ䣡
ϳˣһڱ֮Ϣ֮ã
ֱڣƶ֪ʲô˿̣ȴ֪ԲܺӲƴʵ̫ɭˣ
ֻôʱ򣬾֮ͻȻüǿңȻһӽ˶סˣӶֹͣת
ԻȪһȭ⻯Ȫ·
һȭ֣ʱ֮ǰ̳һȪ֮·˲佫Уסһֹͣ˼
ȭƣ
ǣѩսѥȫ߶磬̼⻯ĻȪ֮·˷Ƶĸǰ
صž֮һȭʱ˷֮ϣһֲ˶ҵ÷˳ȥ
ɭȻ죬⻯ĻȪ֮·ȻܵѰ˼ɢľ֮ȴΧ˲
⣬ʲôһ
Ȼܹһȭҷɣ
Ȼ
˲ŵĿУصˤڵأȻһѪ
ϣЩڣȻһɹŰȫʧȥս
ȭƷ似Ȼ
ţ̧ͷ̤Ųӣܿ˵ڵϵķǰ
˿ƣַӢϸֳһĨӵɫ𾪣ɻţģȴǲʡ
ǵģģǿߣС󶼱ԡš֮У̤ĵǰʮ֮С
֮·Ӧһƽͻƾ飬Ŷԡ
ڴʱ£
ƣڿҪɱڣȴһˣ
Ӹ£ƣڿ˵Ƿڣ㵹˵˵˭Ƿ
Ƿ
ʣԲǵģڴҵ֮ģ
㲢ϣأںĵǰʮȴһص޻ܣ㣬Ƿﻹʲô
ǰһ仰Ŀ˷ƵԺУ
ʱصΪ磬̤ںĵӵʮڽأӦһ¥
˭뾹ȻڷңһСǷļһˣ
ٷҼһ죡
ңǷ
Ƶģڱ֮ɾͱ仰ȫ߽⡣
һʧȥģһ;޽
ҪٶѴ࣬ҲҪٶ֣ʱ˿̵ķƣھ֮ʴһαӡɸʮֹ
ҪȫָѾܣӽԺƾѾһˡ
һȭܷƣߵǰʵʱڶӵܡұֵ͡Χ۵·ˣһʱ֮ȫ𾪵ûһ˵ó
ƣոյϷҼȻԭһˣ
⣬ǲģ
ԼǲΣۻˣ
ܿ˷֣Ʊһȭܣˣһ۲۵ʵ
常ڣ
ٴζԷѯʡ
⣬صҵĵһ⣬ֻ˶䳰ȷ⡣
ڣٴʳ⣬˶ò
һܹܷƵǿߣصңȫֻΪԼ常ԭҼ糤裡
С㡭
ڴʱһ쳣ϤӷҸ֮ۡд˹
һȥڼ糤裬ӺԺ߳վſŵ
м֪ͨ糤裬ˣҺҴ糤ļǵľ˳Ҫ֪ҿصǿߣںĵʮ
̤£ôҶ֣
Ȼ糤ſһľ˳
˷ƣȫ


58 縮
һ۳ŷ糤ȥϳ֮⣬һ˿ƣŲЩ鸡
ˡ
һæŷ糤ڴܹȥ
常û°ɣ
ǵʵ
ûʲô󰭣ëˡ
糤軺οһЦ벻ųȥ£㾹̤أܻصҺͷơ
ȫ常Ϊ׼ĵҩ
˵
ʵϣǷ糤Ϊ׼ĵҩڿ¶޷ڣˣҲأΪʵ
Ĳ˵ֻҪϰ£ûȥŲֵʸ񣬸ڹŲֵõֹŲΡ
һ·Եɺϣз糤׼ŵҩΪ
һ;ǳɾͲʲôʵ໹ǿԼ
糤ЦһЦļ漴ɫ𽥱֣ض򲻿˽һ;ֻ㣡ǿߣ֮࣬츳ضӹﵽأҲֻˡ
常֪𣿡
һ˼ʵ
ͷ飬ǧ˿ǿ߶Կĳ
֮ϣ飬һ㣬ÿһŵĺĵӶ֪糤裬Ȼֻأƺʶǳ㲩
Ȼ֪
糤һЦʵǱؾڴؾ֮ϣ飬̤ؾ
ؾؾ
ʣ˵ȫİģȴںʤ֮ȫ˳
ֻǻڴؾ
ؾ֮󣬱ؾ̤
ʱ˿̣뵽˵ǿߣǴﵽ˵еľ磬˺һնС
ǣָʲôľ磿
ΪؾǿߣȻ˵޷̤Ǹ磬ô˺һǿߣָӵصܣ
һУƾӡҲҪȫʵǣ۷
㣬һ죬һҵ㣬㵽˭
ޱȼᶨ
ˣСڿɲĵʱ򡣡
糤̧ͷɨҸۡһۣ˵
ʱķҸۡ˶ˣͬ
ӵܣһŷƱܣ֪˵ʲôá
ƿǷһμڣȴܣôȥķң˭
ƣ糤裿
Ҽ֮λǾԲԸĻһ𣿲ҵˣ
ԭĮɫҲüŹ֣û뵽յķھǿ
һ񾪴ˣ⣬⣬⣬ﾹȻôǿˣ
ԣعһĨ֮ɫǰǸϧڹŲɱ˻ƺͻ࣬ǵĴ绨лԲŹġ
лźĵӵһˣ飬̤ؾ
ǿҲǻлĶ֣һԻлԸȻֱɱ֣
УͷһŴ죬ȴһ仰˵
ΪĴ磬ƣںĵӵʮȻһһǰķ
Ƶĸף糤һվ
ӣ
糤쳯ŷƱ˹ȥҪ鿴ƵΣ
ȻʱҸۡУȴͻȻϰͬʱվؼҼѣ£յ˷糤ǰ
֣ôżҪʲôأ
ѼЦţס˷糤ȥ·ĶӷƣܸһѾʺٵҼˡ
ûкʵļҿҲɢ˰ɡ
һ̷ȴ
̷վܣսĿⶨϣһЦλСֵʵԣ㣬Դ常뿪ǲ׷
ҵˣҲԹ˳֮£Ļȫϳسǣ
޼ҷ棬һҲվһ۾Ц
ѡ̷桢޼Ҽͬʱѣ÷Ҹۡ˴һô£ѹңҪ˷
ƻ֮ǰһԲ˹͵͵ЩС
ڣƱˣȴͷҲͣ
ȫϳسǣúݡ
ٷӵܰţ岻ҵȫ֮˵ɱӵܣǽӵȫϳسǣôҪɱҪУǱˣ
ѡ壬ʱҲ϶ִܸѹ
һ仰ӽسǷң½᲻ڣ
һʱ䣬ڶӵĻ̻̣ó޵ĿǷ׷׾ãƴ˵ĻзƱӻ
ҶѾˣʹ뿪ٹܷ֮¡
סķ糤ɫһ䣬˵
У߰ɡ
µѵһЦһһԵķƣȻ˿
糤쿴ͷڶӵһۣǰ˷ƣȻֱȥ
һĻ÷Ŀɿڴ糤Ϊ֮ô˵Ҳصǿߣ˵ǷҶˡ
ȻȻôˣ
ѿ뿪ıӰɱһ
ôŹôܣ
Ҫ֪츳ǿǱвԲ׷ŹڣȴҪ÷Ҵڲʼɢңʱȷǡ
۾ųһС
֣糤ŷ뿪кüڰиȥÿһصǿߡ
ЩȻΪ˲÷糤ͷѣ
ǲ߷ƣͬҲŹҡ
ţ̷еɱ⣬Ȼһ㡣
ֻڽˣ̫ǿ׼ȽҲԸˣ
ССӣ뿪ɡ
糤ɫأ˵
ļ̷ѽأʵ㲻ƣҲ˶١
ؼҼѣǰҲѾ̤أƴ
޼ҼӣͬǿߣֻƽʱһֱȽϵ͵ٺ˴򽻵
ڣȴվ˳Ҫֲ
ǿ֣ҲԵֵˣȴ뿪֤˰ȫġ
糤⻰һһԵķŮɫ΢䡣
뿪
ô˵糤׼ڷңΧˣ
ߡ
һҧŷͳڴȥ
˵ǻʳҵˣȴͼ޽˷ңò˵ĻǾԲ׷ɱ
Щ̫ԸӣȴǸԡ
˾ɰҡͷĸŮ壬ֻԼߣûȥΪ糤룡
ҪߣԼ߰ɡ
ҡҡͷʱôܶ·糤뿪
ңǷ糤ĸô˵ҲСĵط
ôŷұԲķ
ǿߣΣ
̤ǰһ˷糤ǰɨ̷桢Ѻŵ޼ҼһۣˣգҪ˷ң͵ȹһأ


59 ʮ
վ˵ôһ仰ȫֱ֮ˡ
糤һ㶣漴СΪշ磡أ˷֮ôԴ𣿻С뿪
һЦ常ⱲӣҲһˡ¾ս
⡪
糤һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôУеǣнҲиж
ԸһսмȻ֣һʲô취
糤裬⸸֮飬˸ж
һԵĺһߴЦһɱСɱҶڣɱˡȻϧ뿪ҪôβǼʶһСӵأ˵Сһ˶Կأ
Ǿ仰ԵĴŵ٩Χϰ˶ʱЦ
һڳܹһٶˣǿߣ
һԸǲɣ
ֱΣ
˶ãȫѰ·ҵЩӵܡ
ô룬Ҿվ
ܣ˵ı۵ףᶨ˵СڷҳȻֻ常һ˶Һù常ļ壬ҵļ壬죬ҾĿŷ
֮ˣңҪҺ常һսģǾǲҵģھ뿪ңߵԽԶԽãպǱ޹ϸ𣡡
仰зӵܣȫˡ
˷ƵǿޣԸͷҹ
ʵзȫ֪ǰǸʱ򣬷֮ο̱ĵģڣҽҪʱȴᶨվǰ
ߣߣ
ӵУ׳˶ķһ漴վϵλȭףҽٻٻģ˹Ų֣ȴȭ׳ֹƻǷӵޣΣ
Ŀ˷һۣ֪ٻٻǧ˿ǧУ㲻ȥǧ鷳Դңҵ㣬ǲسǷңӽ𱻳
ԣΪ֮һϡ
Ҫȥǧ˿ǧ鷳
ȥ
ߣ
һûж˵ʲôתߣΣôġ
磬ȵң
Ƶ׵ܵܣ䣬æѾ׷˷Ҫһߡ
䵹ţ뿪֮ҵ׷糤ͷƣиڣܹϺӵġ
һߣʱò˴
Ȼǲߣҿɾʹˡ
̱ЦһŮ֣ת뿪
û˵ûͣûлͷ
ǵ˷縮ſڵʱ̲סعͷ˷糤һۡ
治ߣ
ʡ
ߡ
糤Ҳ
ˣ
ߵתŷһ·ȥ
糤迴뿪ıӰϴЩתȴ¶ᶨ
ô˵糤裬糤·Ҳܣ
ߣڽӣˡ
ҲߣɵӲƴأ
ҵǲߣҾؼңҵ츳ؼҿ϶ҲܵõԴɡ
ܹİˣܿ͸˾
Уֱ뿪һٶˣҲһٶˡ
ʣվͷ糤ģֻʣ²ʮˣ
ʮˣȴǷϵӵܣͻһΪҲ
Ҳ꣬вŻѪͷ糤򶯣ҹ
벻ֻʮ
糤пһ
ƽǲΣʱ̣ȥ
ҵϵԴǣԴһʹΨмʱ̵ָ似սҷСҲҪһ𣡡
ҷƷǰֻǷҼͣǼҵʣҷգϵӵܡ˶û
ʮˣһ鼤˵Ļѡ뿪ЩӵܶЩ̧ͷ
ããգǱһͬսʹ죡
糤۽⻬Ҳû뵽ʱ򣬾ô˼ᶨվ
ġ
һ̧ͷЩߵȥķӵܣкâһ
ЩˣҪǺڣ
սɣ
ص̤һ常ǣȥǡ
С
糤һֹȴһѾȥ
ؼҼѣ
磬̼˺ǰһ˵ɱڣȴ֪޳ܱɣҪᱦڡֵܹ֮˭
ȣϵ֮ɫ֣ħӡһĳ
Ѹû뵽˵־Ͷ֣
ִ֮䣬һתؼҵĴ似ʩչһ֮Ҫֵһơ
ϣ
ͷųһѹ˲併ϣȵѹԭأ֮ñȷŴ˺ü֡
ǣ
ɫһ£˲佫似ķϻ飡
ʱ֮Ԩڵ֮ް취˲粽ͻƵ۷壬ƭڣ䲻Ľɱ
ڣڵĸףȴһƱ㽫֮顣
۷ħӡһ£֮飬ʩչſ˺üԶѾ亹
ʵ̫£ƾһ˵ĻԲ֣
ٲ
ʱ̷ҲڷӦʱһʩչ̷似ٲ̼ԡ
ƣ
̷ϴź֮ԲƻҪһٻɱ
ħӡ
תɢ⣬һ̷ȥ
Ȼ
˶ƴ˿˺ü϶ֳɫ
ϼһ̤ؼʮˣô죬Զң
۾롣
Ƚ糤ЩΧˡ
һԵ޼Ҽ޳ɻԣţƺָָ꣬糤账Ըŵ֣£Ƿ֮գ
£޳ɻһ㳯Χ˹ȥ
ǿߣһӽΧһ̱׷׷
糤µʮӵܣǱ֮ΧסһҪ뿪
壬ܹһٶϵޣϷѱȥһٶˣܹٶˣ縮Χˮйͨ
С
糤Χס̲סΪǣ
常ģ
һǿߵΧֳ⡣
ħ֣
̷桢ѡ޳ɻԣ˵Ĺ˲ϣ
Ȼһ˸Ե˺üվ룬ϵ˸˿


60 ֮
ΡȻȴǸ˺һ󲽡
ôܣ
̷ɫһ䣬һƣѾó߳ɵȴûƿķħ֣
֮ԲóȫΪڶԸͬʱŷ
ѡ޳ɻ̷Ȼһ뷨
˼صļһʱ䶼ûܹʲô˺
ϣ
׹һ֪ƾܹƻܵһȭͲܸ˿ĴϢᣬ˭ʤ˭˵
£ʩչڵƷ似ۻ֣
Ҳڵӣʮ޷ͻƵأŵʼմΡ
ˣֻ˻ִؼң־ؼһš
ԣڵĳЩ似ҲܹʩչģڵŹڣǲܽЩ似˰ˡ
ؼҺˣҪϰ似ֻмһ;
ڣѼȴû뵽ճΪŵӲþͱɱ𣬲죡
ۻʩչʱһɢźצӸճץȥٶȼ죬ûܹ㿪
ɾ磡
һݣ⾹ǴɾĿۻ֣ƾصΪ׾ٽס޷
ʱ̷޳ɻץסᣬֱһһȭǰй󾢷磬Хӿ
ħ壬ƣ
һĵͬһ˲ȫڣȻ˲˿ۻֵ
ƾԲķħ壬ŴɾĿۻ֣סǳ˵Ρ
ʱ̷޳ɻԵһһȭҲǰǰ
Ļ꣬Ļ꣬
궯˲ʩչƷ似Ļ˳Ų߻˳ȥòײŶ㿪˶Է˵ļй
ϣ
ûиһ˿һĴϢᣬͬǿϣ
ȥУһ̫ˣȷϵһУ
кâһ漴ȫӿ˲תһ˿֮ȭʼۡ
̷棬вȽˣ
̷棬֮ʱӿһȭ裬һɭȻȪ֮·㱻⻯
ǣ
̷˱Ȫ·֣·׻ʱʧȥʶ
ȭԻȪɱ
磬˲⻯ĻȪ֮·ʧ̷ǰһȭﴦݺݻӳ
飡
صһȭЯŹľ֮˲̷ڣһڣһѪ˱ʮԶˤڵأ

ȻʱȴҲϮϵ̷ʱһԲƣ޳ɻȻ
ۣ
Բķħ壬ʱҲȫ˵Ĺ̲ס³һѪ

ûκԥȫ߶ѩսѥ漴ʩչ˲粽˲Ϣһ˸˲ԶȥֹѺ޳ɻԼ
һ֮ھȫʼ
޼Ҽ޳ɻԣȻʩչ˺似ƣɼʱǺŵӣ
ѵһУƣǻ󻮳˺üɼǵĿӣı󲻶ϵĵγѪ
ƴŽǿ̷ϵԼȴҲش
үү
һʹȺдȴ̷֮УһȹŮԾܿ˵ص̷ԡ
ȹŮ̷£ʱ̷£ϱ鲼ۣôҲû뵽ҵһսүүܵش
һۿȥֻԼүүȫǹĺߣүүޱ
صǿߣڱ֮ʴ֮󣬶ô
£¶
̷ۻǣ̷½գȻ簮ûүүԺһһҪѧų󡭡
£̷һͣȻֹͣ
Ѹߣ׳һоȭ֮Űʱ
̷˵
үүȥˣȻ֣ûүү簮֮Ѿʲôˡ
ĸף̷㣬ʱҲأسǣصΪ㲻ʲô
ƾ̷صΪҪ֧һ̷ң̫ѣ
̷ºȻеڣϿµʱΪҪȥ
ڣԼһֱ˵ԣڸүүϵ鷳ֱڣүүȳΪĿ꣡
漴̷ų޵Ĺâ̧ͷĺҲѾˣԲܻ뿪ģүү㲻õģؼ޼Ϊģ
ԶԶ̷̷£һ̣Ҳе֮С
ֻΪݽϣƽˣοһֱֻԶѡ
ĺô
зϣֻ֮ˣ
δ£Ǳ
ڣֻҪ常סңزסôģԼԼվʮѪķӵܣ
ģԸƺ̷ٷɣһȭһ
Ѽ̷ûϧЦˣ֣سǣؼҺ޼ҵˣ
̷ңѺԥų⡣
û̷̷ٷɣ̷֮Ҹûʸҷ˷ҵĺô
޳ɻԲɫߵţһ˫ȴƻһ仰˵Ŀȴʼûдƿ
޳ɻŲߣˣ壬سҲᰲȡ

ʱһĽŲӷ縮֮Ľֵϴ
һȥȴһȺǿߣȫ£Ȼ̧˵ʬˡ
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糤ͷڵķңкοɾ壿
ѹЦȺؼӵȫ˷
죬ؼҺ޼ӮңֻȽһ֮󣬷ӵеĽʮսԼڶҩһЩŮӣǵģ
ұ֮ǿĸŮӣ˭Ҳӣ
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޳ɻһĿ˸Žơ糤ʬĺü̷Ҹֵڸոգ̷ٷǰһȭɱʵ˷ŭཫˣڵҲԶˣ
޳ɻ⻰һܹµ̷ǿߣ׷׳һŭɫ
У̷Ķӣ̷ֶӣ̷ֵܣ
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أǿߣܹˣŷŭ·Ҫɱ


61 ش
Ѻ޳ɻԣԼ̷ҸһʱһԵķ糤æһ
С
糤̤ǰһҪְæ
ȻһصؼҸһǰȥĶɱܣ򲻵ȼƾҲܽʰķģ
ٶ޶Է糤ʮΧȻһЩνֻѡ޳ɻǿһɽ糤ȫ
ۿҪǿֻɱʮ˷׷ߣɫ
ұţ
糤״æֹǵڣֻѡС
ʣʮˣԶֻءصΪҶ˶
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻڴܹսʤԷˣ
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ΧΧǵҲãѱȥӵҲãһΧ¶˳Цݡ
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УΧԽΣԽ侲
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У˿̵һ
ļֶˣʣЩܰô
ʣ̷صĸ֣Ҫ֣ѾѹشѹѪһΪѾһ룡
άشƣǳ
Ѻ޳ɻ֮ѹơ
ĵָٶȱѰ˿һֻάشƬ̣


62 ҹ
гþòɢΨվֱء
ȫˡ
С
ȺΧУ糤״ϲɫǿʵ̫ǿˣ
˷֮ʱ̲ס뵽Ȼǽ츳Ѿֱ׷˰ɣ
תŰΧ糤ٶɨһۡ
һۣĿٶ˷׷ȥ
̷桢Ѻ޳ɻԶ£ЩˣʲôΪ
һӵп˺ս˭Ըȥͷ
һһ糤裬ٶ˷׷׳ź˿ܿһ·
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һصؼ޳˵磬ʹգΣ
һۣ߾ߣҷΪ
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ؼһʵǿȻռţƴһ㣡
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ȷƴĻʵһȭɱǺüҪԸֻʬ
С˰ɡ
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˵
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ҪǺƴĻ˭ң
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ѹ


63 
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ѹе֮ǰԺĵӵһˣʱĸо
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һеͻȻһԴ˹óһȫһ㶡

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64 ӥ
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ȴδشҧ˵ҪΣҲܣҲ˺ҵĸף
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ԲУȴ¶Էһŭ֮½ɱˣ
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ӥ뻢棬ֻƬ̾ͷֳʤΧ֮һֱ֪˵Щʲô
һ飬ֱ˵һۣÿһתۣǾ̾


65 ͣЪ
سǣҸۡۼΧۡ
ӺϷݵ˶˺ü١
ʱ򣬷ƳΪȴƣңϷƣ
ţ̷ҡؼҡ޼巢ѣҪңȴֵһˣߣ
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س֮ˣҲ׷ɢȥ
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ˣһسǣڷͣЪ

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66 Ǭ֮ǹ
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ţ̧ͷŴеĳϸ
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š
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ˣٺĹϵõúأԹܵǣ
һ֮λڰڰУˬĿ»һˣһԵˣ
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67 Ž
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68 ޼̩
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޼̩պ֮ǰںĵӵʮʵǷֻϧһؾ͵õ常Ѷ
س޼ҵļ̩常Ǳɱģڣ̩ض֣Ϊ常𣡡
ϢҲ̫ˣ̩Ϳʼжˡ󼴽սģĵӵʮϲߣ̩ˣ
Χ֮˵Ļ֪Ĵš
ǼսϲߣȻ̩ĸ࣬ںĵӵ̩س޳ɻԵӣ
̩һ̩
кâһ
̩ʵǳǿٱȷƸǿһЩҲŵںĵӵˡ
ڣĵǰǿڡ
ˣĵӵ̩ͼ˵ؾ֮µǿˣ
һڣ˵ǸввҲв糤裬вسǷң
㲻ңҲҪȻ鷳ٺòˣ
ţ̤뿪似
̩ҪնɱǸ糤衢º󻼣Լº󻼣
ȻҪɱˣҲʵɱʱ
Էôںĵӣֱܹȥ֣ǲŹط
ֻڸ飬ǿ϶ģԸ̩취ǡ

Ͽ֮ۡ
һɫ֣Ͽ֮ۿյϣƷ似ʯ
ʯŵķ似ر۷ܻ֮ʯΪȭһ壬Ϊǿ
֣ѡ似
һߣֳǬǹǹ
һ棬Ҫǹһ棬ҪϤǬǹ̬
ȻҪǬǹǾͱǬǹĸָƣսдﵽָʹ״̬
ҪеսƲã̸ԵУ
粻ʹս
ǹֻҪСɣܹѹط⾳ϣشƣ򣬶Уǹ
ѹشƣֻСɾǹһǹȥס龳֮µޣֻʱĳ̡
СɾǹҪԸ̩̫㹻Ըϲߣȴȫ㹻ˣ
һһ߹Ŷֵʵ
ԼʧܣԱӱŬ
̩Ȼսĵӵɹûսʤʵֻûаٷ֮ٵİհˡ
УѾ̩Ϊһؾǿߣ
ֻŲΪУκпܵ
ǹǹѹ
߸Ծ˫ֳǹһǹͻϮ
ʱ򣬷·һֱţѪ
⣬Ǭǹԣͬһ㣬ȫǿʩչ似
һ̣ܹĸܵǬǹһԣ⣬ս֮ͨЧ
ȻⲢ˵ڶ̶ʱڣͺǬǹˡ
Ǭǹ֮ǰʹõսôлϵԣһ̱ͬѪ
ڣͬѪǽҵѪ
ֻǣڵȴ壬Ҳ壬Ǭǹеԣƺһ˶
һǹ̳ʱϿ֮۶ѹشƣòԶĺڰ׶ϣ̲סĿ
Ȼشƣû
г֮ɫź˵

ͬ˵ͷ¶֮ɫ
ȻؾǿߣѹشƣҲѾ򣬵һӶûʮشƵţ


69 ѹϲ
ʱ䣬㽫ǹСɾ磬ܹ⾳
ʱֳǬǹѹشƣʩչǹһǹ̳뼫Ʒ似ԻȪᲢۣ
һǹѹطܽѹĴǹһ㣬ʹ󻯡
ĵ˵ͷ
Ʒ似Ҫɾ磬ƾӡ¶Ҫµʱ䡣
̶죬ܹСɾѾˡ
ʱ۷徳˲粽ܹӰ˲ϢԽʮɡ
ħ壬Բ磬˲粽һ㣬ʯǽ൤ȫһ飬ԶѰޡ
֮⣬㻹дɾľȭһԻȪСɾĳƷ似ĻԼǹ
ȥصҪԻȪĻǹϡ
뵽˲粽϶ûҪʱˣħ壬Բ࣬ҲѾ㹻
ԻȪĻǹ似ÿһζ仯ʱ仨棬ڡ
ʱȥ䶷ˡ
˿ɫŸո𣬺ܿҪսԼʱ䡣
˴εĶ֣ĵʮϲߣͬʱϲҲ̩£
ιιȵңҸһȥ
ּææ
һ𣬳䶷ڶȥ

䶷
ϲ߶սڶڵӵעʱ䶷Уϯһڲ²ⳡսʤ
ƾʵںĵӵʮһսذܣ
ǵһ˵ܽƻܣҪ֪ƵʵѾֹĵӵʮġ
㿪ʲôЦƣس֣ܻܣ
Ǽ˸˰ˣһսԭα¶ˡ
ڶڵӣǺܿá
ϾسǺǱߵ飬Ȼеˣ
սϯϣһͺ׺ݵ̩ǰŵλãһΪŵڲг
ϲߣа𣿡
̩ʵ
жһ٣ȻһЦ⻹˵ôеĳϸ¸մȡƷսһ²ŵõ
ˣϲߡ
ƷսףǷƶδӵУ
ÿһĵӣҪõƷսɷ񣬵ȴ¶ȡſۼƵõһƷս
Ʒսͺͷ糤ıͭŽ࣬Խ似ǳֲ
ϲѾأԸһصʲôµģ
ܺãȻ̨ҪģҪΪϵ֪𣿡
̩ѹ˵
ʦ֣ģӽԺСӼ㲻Ҳһ
ϲţһ˫ȴҲһĨ׹⡣
ԩ޳𣬵Ϊֺ̩õĳЩôҪɱ߷ϵΪ
ʱ䶷ſڳӰ֮һڴѾãµ
һˣǴɫ֣οɰһ֣̾˲˵
ò˵ִŮûͦɰģرǾĴһ֮һӾͺƽʱһˡ
Ļ˵ǡòҪһţȻҪƯЩС
Դˣȴû⡣
аԲˬСӣȻһ㶼ӣ
䶷һ۾Ϳ̩꣬ϲߡ
Ʒս
۾̤߽䶷
ԷƷսҲǬǹ
֮ǰͷƶսʱԻȪһٽܣڣʩչԻȪҪǬǹǹ
͡
ָһ£ܵһԣ׼սȥˡ
һ̤䶷룬Ǭǹֱָϲߣɣ
һгǹһ۾ͱǬǹǹϵһЩѺɶЦ
һǹ似Ҳһõĳǹ
ЦˣһóǹҪϲʦֵƷսԿ
ҿȻⳤǹһͻᱻնϰɣ
˺ȻЦ̩ϲڡ
̩û뵽ֳóǹսԭΪʱ似ſڵѳǹֻʱʹãǹء
նĳǹն
̩׺ݵ˵
ʦ֣еĳʧ
ϲһƮȻ˳С
ֳǬǹһϲߡ
ȻۣشƣǬǹپۼ
ԭһʵڴڣ̫ʧˡô׵̤ĵӵʮɲġ
ϲ̨˵һдԵʧ֮ɫ
ϻҪôࡣ
ޱ˵һ䣬漴Ųһ˸ЯǬǹһǹ㳯ϲϮȥ
ǹشƣѹ
һ˲䣬ϲ߷Ӧȫͷų˵ƣ漴һȫǬǹ⣬ƿȥ
ϲȫû뵽ȻֱӶˣ
ڰгһǹѾϮֵǣǹδһֲѹѾȻ١
ˣ
ϲкȻһ˲䱻ѹһ˿һ޷
ڵȫͣ
ҲͷųԼ⾳ȴ⾳ͷŲ
ǹǬǹشƵһǹܹ˲佫ѹƣȻ˼ȴȫ޷κηӦ
˶δ뵽ĳ
ǹȻ˲ϲߵĲӸǰֱʱϲ߶޷һ¡
㣬ˣ
˵
ˣ
ϲ̲סĭ亹ֱĿȫϣЩ־塣
ڣֻҪǹһͰ׵Ľ
Ƭ̹һգǬǹ˻
ڣٴǧ˿ڵѹвʱ̣뽫һǿ߷ϵɱ
ô˵ϲߵϣҲһԱǿߣ
ȻջǬǹתҪ뿪ʱϲһĨ֣ͻϮ
â֣ϲһ͵ϮڵĳƷ似｣
ɾĹ｣еƷսһ·Ҷ֮Ҷ׷ɡ
һȥǶֵ֮٣
ţ
ɱΪУϲ߻δ͵ϮʱѾ
ʱԴӱϮһûκζ˼
ƣѹ
һɱǹǬǹѹشƣźһɨ
ֲƣ罻һ˲佫綼ѹס漴һǹɨϲǰѳϡ
ϣ꣡
һǹȥǳĽУʱǹϵǿ飬һƷսȻٵ
ǹϵƣһֱǰ鳤֮󣬱ٴνϲ֡
ϲ߱嵱ǿ־֮ɫ
˭û뵽ϲߣȻӵнϲѹʵ
һƷսᱻǰѡǹ飡

ǹǹһɨϲ䣬˲ӿȫ˶˳ȥˤڵأ


70 Ҷ˪
ϲ߱һǹɨɣˤڵأ䶷˾
رǼƷսǰѿõĳǹһǹ飬˲Ϊ֮𺳡
Ʒսھ˵ı
ǿսȻ飬֪һǹ̺Ŷôǿ
ʱ˿̣ûһ˻˵վںĵӵʮλˡ
ϲһǹɨɣƷսԾ飬һܹͨ
ڣڹսϯһŵ̩ɫΪ֮һ䡣
ԾƷսһ㣬̩Լ
治
̩۾в˸׹⡣
ϲȥսȻҲ̽˼ڿ̽бҪģٿ̩ͨԴ
ǰѳǹй죡
̩еǬǹԲ²⣬᲻һƷս
ƷսںĵӵһһܹõΪʵ̫ϡˣӵġ
ǣеӶܴףпܽһƷսȻôܣ
һһͨûɹ
Ȼйϵˣ̩ͻ㲻ɣ
̩Цһȴδ
ҪԶԸѾһܺõ⣬ҪĿ¶֡
ϲߣǲһ
ս̨ϵҪת뿪ʱһЩͻȻʹһԹսϯϴ˳С
ȥһµĳֽӣЩǷϵĳ˹
³ֽӣһ۱ɨڵأȫϵϲߣҡͷԸϲּһҪ͵ϮֶΣһҲ㲻ʲô
ף
üͷ΢壬ܿˡ
ǰǹʱ˵̩ǰܵĺĵӵֱףԭؾ֮µһˣ
ֻϧ̩սɹ֮󣬻ױ㽵˺ĵӵʮλá
ףϲһƷ似｣ʵȴϲǿ̫࣬һεġ
˵׺ϲ߶սͬҲܽϲһлܣ
ƾǿʵȻĴںĵӵʮλá
ֵʱϲսĻᣬսϲߣʮģȴû뵽ϲôûãһǹɨɡ
͵Ϯף۹Ҳ̫ˣֲû̩֣֮
Цһ˵
⻪˵ϲƾ͵Ϯʵϣƾ輫ǿشƣԼޱѸݵٶȣܽϲס
෴ϲһ֮ϲ߷͵ϮȴǱǿľһǹɨɡ
ս˵͵Ϯ
仰ǻԭǷϵһĨɫںĵʮѵһ۹ҿ̫Ϊ˰ɣ
ǰɣҪΣ
ʵ
ĵսᣬֻһΣԭһ̫λ˷ϡ
ЦһȻңһףòѵһ㣬֪˭۹
ϣ
һ죬гʣҫҲһƷս
׾ȻڴʱվҪսΧ֮ȫ˷
Ȼǻףӿ䶨ˣ
Ȼɻϲߣһ㣬һܹ
кϷˣװ̩У϶ǻԹ޴йԼײ浹ù
׵ʵԭںĵӵȻ̩ܣʵؾ֮Ȼ˵һġ
رǣƷ似｣ʹﵽԲľ磬ڶս̩ʱʩչ
ԲĳƷǿ󣬾̩ǿŽ׻ܣ
սҽˡ
˵Ǭǹһʱǹ׼˻ף
պãϲ̫޷׼ȷóǹΣл׳ս˼
̩ƺڲ׼֣Ǿ⻪Ϊ֣

׻ޱƮݣⳤһ˸ǰ
ٶ죡
ǰһ⻪׵ʵȻϲҪǿࡣ
ϲٶȵĻҲ޷һǹ㽫ܡ
˵ٶȵĻҲУ
Ļ
Ļ꣬ȻЩ黯漴ͬһ㳯źƮʮɣɶ㿪˻ٵһ
Ļȵߣ
Цһһ˾Ϊģ
âĳͬһ㣬ٴγҰУ
ǹԽһֱǰ
гǹɨʱЯһɨϮĳһٴ̳
ǬǹУ·˻ȫڣشƸǳΧ˲ɢС
ѹ
һǹһӶ˻׵â
｣Ҷ䣡
ײǽ｣һƷ似Բ磬âһӣʱҶ£
شƵѹУЩҶ·ûһ㣬׷׷Ǭǹ⣬̼佫ȫ
ǹӰӣ˲䱻Ҷǣ漴һƴЩҶʱըѿ
׵âһ͸ѹشƵѹŶ
⻪ףϵһشƵѹʣѹȻ޷ȫѹƣʵϲǿ̫ˣ
Ĳ׵ٶشѹ±࣬ȴȻܹж⾳úԶϲߵԵʡ
ҶһâϮ
ƣɨ
һǹɨ׼ȷĵֵס˻׵һŵشƣȻγһѹͬ˲ΣŻӿȥ
һѹײŲæâ
｣˪𣡡
â׺֮һƬƬѩ˪Ѹᣬ̼γһƬ˪֮ǽȻֵסһǹ̺شơ
꣡
˪֮ǽһǹشƺȻУ渡ֳһ˿˿ѺۣȻһǹֵסˣ
ˣƬ˪ȻشƸ޷Ӱ쵽׵ı
֮ˣ
Цһθ߸Ծ𣬳Ҷ˪Ҷ˪裡
һɪϢ˶С
ˣܸܵâ໥ѾЩϣﵽ˹Ľ׶Σ
һâʩչӾ޴
أʩչԲĳƷ似һƷսȻܹ˿ֲ֮ǰķƶҪǿöˣ
̩ܻĻףʵСؾµĵһˣ
һ٣ﶼʼǬǹԵ˻ȫѪҺ·
ˣ
Ȼ䣬ǬǹŰеĻſֲشƣûɫһ䣡


71 ȡ
еǬǹŻƵѹ˲ȫ
׼˾һ֮űһϲ
ֻҪܵסһǹӳ˳ǹ֮ս󽵣
ߣϱڣ
ǰۣ˲һõϱڣԲ֮󣬿ʩչķֶΡ
ϱǰֻߵľ룬Զģ
ǬǹԵ˻УǹϱϣشƺȻѹƣƬϱڶ飡
ǹ֣㻹ʲôֵһ
׳֣ͻϮҶ䣬˪һ̾Ҫ֮ﵽ
Ȼվԭأȭλȭŵ
ȭԻȪһȭ
һȭʱ֮ӿ⻯ΪһɭĻȪ֮·˲佫ڡ
֮һУ׵һڻȪ֮·ʧ
һԾڻȪ֮·дУƬ̱˻ǰһȭػӳ
Ȼ
УױһȭɣˤڵأǰƷսâϡһ˵ϡ
׵Ļεڵأ䶷һƬž
ʱ˿̣̩վصС
ոȭʱ̩ܵһֹϢӣȻֻһ˲ʧ
һȭ϶ĳֳǿ似Ҿڵ似
̩Կ϶
Ȼβ²⣬֪ȭԴҪ˵ˣˣ֪ȭ
Ҫս𣿡
ܣһ֣ǬǹʰУ߰ȫ
Ŀ⣬̩ͣ˻̩սĻսһ
ֻϧ̩Цһɱ֮ǺĵӵʮңǺĵӵҪսҲսң
𣿡
µ˵֮ǰ˭˵ҵڣɱˣңǰȴսңǿЦ
㲻ؼңܻܻף˵ʵϵ̨档
̩ΪֻƾصΪ֮վһξ룡
£̩ת䶷ȥһĺ±Ӱ
ıӰ˫һУ룬̩ǸѲĶֻ֣֪ɱˡ
ˣ򵥵ļƲıԿ϶Чܲõİ취ֻԾԵʵѹ
ȡĵӽʱ䣬ȻȥϢϢ׼ǰڹ
ǬǹûڵϵĻ׺ϲһֱۣ䶷ڴ뿪ˡ
ȻҲǻϲصĸϣ˰Ӯʤʵ˽һ㣬ҲӼŬ
̩뿪֮䶷ٴ۷׷
Ǹʩչȭ似Բڵ似
ǰѳǹҲ϶ڵĽʲôݣ
˵ǴСɽׯ󣬿ǣǰ첻ǴϢɽׯĴңҲһֱô
ǰ̫ˣ֮ǰ˵ǷҵˣĸϢ棬ĸϢǼ٣
۷׷ףȴѾû֪ǴӺζˣ
ڶ೤ϷϢȻֻԻԼˣԻˣ
ֽ׶ΣʵݲܱʳһЩ˲

ڶ졣
Ϣһ֮󣬶һλеĳϸ
һ磬вڳϸΪٺĵӶѡȡĵӽͬʱȡΪӦеĹס
ĵʮƷҩ絤һöڹʱ䣬죡
һ׳Զʹӳϸд
֮ǰսʧܣȴȻǺĵڵʮҲȡĵӽˡ
ųϸȥܿһµ߳
һЩ죬漴һԭ㣬躮ǲҲ㣬һǰɽׯˣ
ʶ躮
üͷһʵ
ڲԷʱԼκϢ¶֪
ڰºǰɽׯһ顣
ϰԵЩ԰漴촫ϢȻϲߺͻףʵȻǿ
սʧܣȻȴسǽƻɱ
ǿһ֪
ʲôдܸУʰţ
ƳһۣɽׯǼȥ㹻ˣ㣬ǲҪȥĺãرֻһʲô˶ܵõġҲֻһǲִǰʱɱû㣡
ҵƺ޹ذɣ
˵
ĻοԷĵӣ
ȻǵзѣûҪ˵ʲôˣ
躮룬϶Ҫȥģǲ躮ӣͿһܾܾ֡躮
е˼ǾҪȥر
رӦþ躮ģҲ֪躮Щһǰ
㣬ܿͻ֪ȫԼѡģ
˵ֳָ꣬ոսƷҩ絤ת뿪
ıӰһۣЦһвͲ
˼ת̤߽˳ϸС
ϸ󣬶ÿһϸ˶һ
һΣڼгϣڶΣֻһˡ
һǰһ׳۰׳רŷźĵӽ佡ģ䳤ϣ
䳤ϣĵʮ
ȵĲ볤ϸ佡ĳϣһԼ
佡̧ͷһźǰɫȴǺܺõӡ

佡һĵʮƷҩ絤һö⣬ɵڹ죡
佡ĵ̬ȣ⡣
Ϊ֮ǰѾ˵̩佡ĳϵĵӣ
ڣе츳㹻ߣϸִϿϵĻԽΪӣصøԴ
ϸĳϣÿ˶ѡӣִϣֻѡһӡ
磬֮ǰڣ̸ִ޴ĵӣ
佡ģ̩ʦ
츳ߵĺĵӵһ˲УǱΪӡ
磬Ӣ磬ʵеģȻҲǾӢԣ
óϸ츳ȽϸߵĵӣȻԴַΪඥ
ڳϸеĳϣвٶһλϵĵӣڿ似꣬ٵĴӡ
絤ţ
佡ĺһһöװŵҩСƿӸ˵ȡµĽ±ҪΪһһεݣ֮ϣ
һöһЩֵ漴㶪С
ס̲ס뵽佡̩ʦ𣬿϶֪سɱ̩常޳ɻԡ
صݣ᲻ʲô壿


72 ռڹ
뿪˳ϸȻŴ˾򣬲鿴еݡ
ˮƳϣڵֵǧ˿ڴ֮ʱˣҪһЩҩƵҩˡ
Ϊźĵӣǰ֮ԨΪϲɼҩݡ˴жĵӣһִϴӡ
̩ϲߣΪ飬̸ִ޴ӡ
Ҫɼҩݣײݡ޻ʻ
һϵݣоһĨâ
񣬾ȻҪϲɼҩݣƵҩˣ
ڴˣȻڽܣ㲻ŽȥҲᾡľϾΪ˾躮˵ġ
ڣоȻ̩ϲ߷ͬһ飬һ̸޴ӣ
еնͼʿ֪
֮ǰɱ̸޴ĵӣڣɱ̩常޳ɻԡ
ͬУһ֮Ԩʲô·
ôǿڵҲܺؾ̸޴Կ
ǺüƲߣ
оâ֡
佡Ϊƾܽ
û¹ʲô
ţˮڣؾ̸޴Ҫ;ɱԲһ׵飡
ײݣ޻ʻҩݣ֮Ԩܹ
ϴǰ֮Ԩ֮ʵֻ֮Ԩвǵǿޣпޣ
ʹ½ޣܹأһ·ͬ飬ΪؾһǿĴڡ
Ϊˣĵǰ֮ԨÿŻһؾ֮˴ӣ޶ȷȫ
ȥڹ죬ȡʵһȻȥ̽һϣͿ׼ˡ
˿ϵݣǰ֮Ԩ
˾㳯ڣڹȵķǰС

ڣڹȡ
ڣҪ⾳ѳ֮
ɽȣڴʼ֮أɾѹط򣬱㴴ڣչΪƹߴ֮һ
ڵĴʼߣڹıڿ˲ֻÿһÿһ̺ͨżΪµѹƣ
ڵӣڹ֮ѹطٶȣѰطҪʮֹ
ڹ֮еѹƣ̫ͬʱ
ڹȣֻͬʱѾﵽ˱״̬
һĻ̺ѹƾͻ᲻㣬Ч󽵵͡
ΪˣںĵҪǰڹʱƵģ죬졣
Խǿǰÿ¿ڹʱԽ
ڹڵʱ򣬷һСɽȣǸŴ͸ƣһ򵥵ɽȡ
Ѿһˡ
Ǭǹվڹȿڣڹ֮УѾһ
ֻһ˵ĻܹģЧܵʲôӰ죬ȿʶģҲֻǲҪͬʱˡ
λʦܣȵȣ
̤ҪڹȵʱͻȻһԴһӵ
ţ
ͷȥһŰɫ꣬ͷ­߳һ۾Ϳһư
ʦڹȰɣڹѾˣ㻹ǹɣ
Щм˵
ڹ֮Уֻһ˶ѣΪβܽ룿
ʵ
֪ڹ֮˭
߰ͷ­˵Ǻĵߵʦ֣شƵĹؼ׶Σܵκ˵Ĵţ
ô˵ҵһ
Цһ
ҵǰԵĺܣڹȣȻһ˰ռˣù˽룬
ȰͷŸɾ㡣
ǰɫһӳҿأźĳѡ㾹ҳԲѷǲѵһǲᶮǿߣ
һۡ
У
ܿԺзһ֣УȻںĵڶʮһո̤زãһֱңҫ
ŵӶкѹȴ޴ԩΪҵʦ𣬺̩һƹܺĵӽŵ佡ģ䳤ϣ
ڳϸĳϣѡӡ
佡ĵӣҺ̩
Уںĵߣ̩ҲѾǰ;佡ڶ೤еĻȨҲ˲٣
ӦģһֱҫУԼǸˣ
ٻ㵹ͦеģƾУҲǸСˡ
бһۡ
ǰһɫʱһ䡣

Ȼûȴ˵ְգ䶷ϲߺͻףס˺ĵӵʮλã
ϲ߻ǻףҪǿˣ
ɫһӱѿ
˺ŵĶѹ㣬ҲʦֵĶ֡ڹȣŭʦ֣ɵԼе
Զ׼һ֣һӾˣ

״ʱЦǬǹתڹ֮ȥ
ԸӲĹӣҪ֣˵֣ŵƨ
ˣΪٸߣҲ
ڹȰռңҪжǿʵԭĵĻΣ
һУת̤ܿڹ֮У
һڹȣܵһطƴͺϿϵĳһʣȻڹеѹȴϿǿˡ
ͨ
ܵԼڱͨ˲ڹнµطƹͨѹط˲Ͷ˲
ڹ죬ЧضٿԽشƹ̣áѹѹҲǿɣʱ򣬱Գ޳ˡ
൱𺳡
ڹֻ죬Ϳ൱һ£Чǿʮֲֹãƴ̤ĵС
ֻҪĵУҲһڹʱ䣡
Ҿޣ
ʱһߴڹ֮д
ǰռڹȵңоڹȣʱվһ۳˹
ңȫŻҰײ׳˶һʯ
˫֮УŲͷɫͬһ㣬׹˸Ķ
ڹȣһ˰ռǷ̫ˣ
˿壬໥ӣ˵
֣һ֣
ҹЦЦȴɱ⣺ô꣬ͷһ˵棬˵ҹ֣㣬Ӻܴ󣬾ǲ֪󲻴󣡡
ҾãҵҪЩ
˵š
ңԵһԲϱҪɱ֣˿˼ͬ棡
ңܿͻ֪󲻴Լ˵ģ
ңʯɱ֣
ԴӰʦ佡û˸˵ҾشƵĹؼʱ̣ڹޱȷŭɱӣ


73 ǬԾ
ҷŭͬʱȴǺһ顣
־ᶨĻһ˽ڹȣ޸ģôܶʲôӰ죿
ҴﵽѾãȴٳ޷飬츳㣬Ϊǲᣬ
һɱӣȻҲս׼
һ߸ڹнµѹƣһսǬǹشƿʼۣ
ϣҲҶҲ
һҽһȵ棬ʱһʯǽ
Ʒ似ʯ
ʱңʩչ似ʯȴΪ˷Ϊ˽
ֻţʯǽ̼仯Ϊȭռ۶ͬڵһ㣡
Ǭǹѹ
ֳֳǹȽ׼ǰϮȭֱ̳һǹ
ǿѹһӽЩȭȫѹס漴ǹһһɣֻƬ̣һнЧ
شƣ
Ҹܵһǹеѹʯɫ΢䣺
ҡ
ǹ̩ɽ
ԭ㣬ֲţ
ȴǴЦһɱʦ̩常죬ʦܱ𣡡
Цһۿֲͬһ磬߶
ͬʱһġء֮˴·춼ڿ
Ʒ似ޣ
ͬΪھŴƷ似֮һΪһ似ΪⲢһضʽֻ֮ޣ
֮һȭһţޣжֵʱǿ
սޣǵǹǽꪣ𵴣ޣڻезʱޱƣ
һ㣬һź߶һء֮Ȼޣ
һһУޱƣ
ж˵Ȼ׼ԷӲӲ
ѩ
߶±ѩսѥʱһƬѩӱѩսѥӿֳϮҷڶȥ
ͬһΣʱЩѩһ裬ڹ֮Уʼѹ£һŵһӾͽ͵
Ȼڣһǹ̳ȫͷųشƣȴǴﵽ˶㣡
Ǭǹѹ
ǹһѹͬϮ߹Ҳһ
ޣƣ
һʱһ·֮һǿ˺ü
УǬǹȻޱƵȻشƵѹˣɼǿᣡ
㣬У
ҹЦһźɶͬʱȻһʩչߵΪģ˲ǰ
ǰĺĵӣ϶Ѿ˳Ʒ似ߣΪ似Чǳ
ڣһӳǰ޷Ӧ
ħ֣
һȣֳһ㵭â
أ
һ֮һ㴫У˫ۺᵲһУһޱը˿
Ȼ
Уٴκ˺üɫڣûܵκˡ
Բķħ壬ȺҵĳƷ似ޣ㹻ĵֵ֮
ֻзĻҶ֣
һȴһִͳһ֧С͹һĻһݡ
֮󣡡
ҹЦȴС͹϶ʱһ֧֧γһܼ꣬ڴ
֮֮ϣһ̣ڹ֮Сء֮ڶ֣
ƣ
ŴѹеǬǹʱ·һ
һ·ǬǹѪ
ϣ
ǬǹǹԼһɶʱףʱеǬǹȻ໥ˣγ˹
ǬǹҸ׵սҿжǿ
һʱǹһһǿҵ
һδܣ֣ƣи߸Ծ
ǬԾ
Ǭǹϣ̼ܷӳǬǹǿһǬԾǬǹ
ǹԾ߿գ漴ͬһǹ棡
ԭЩһ֧֧ڹı֮ϣһֲޱơ
ûж㿪ĻԲķħ壬Ҳ˲䱻ɱ³
ʱ˿̣һǬԾһ֧֧֮ǰ߸ԾȫҵԤϣ
ǵʩչ似֮ܶѾڹȣδᱻΧ
ڰ֮УҲʮ֧ȥȴû뵽ôߣ
ǬԾһԾԾʮɸߣǹŵ£ǿشѹҽڹԭѹ
һǹͬԼٶȳ֮¡
ʯ
Ҹܵһǹ̺ɫһ䣬һӣ˲۳һʯǽ
Ʒ似ʯȺ
ȻһǹЯŴƣȻ£ƾѹ㽫ʯǽ飡
ţǺȻһڹ֮УһƬ
һҰףʯӰ͵ɣˤڹȵķΧң
һǬԾ֮£ǿĵӵңһɣ˼ʮԶ
ʦ֣
ԭվڹ֮У뿴ɵأȴû뵽ɳľȻң
ܵԣ˾ȻѾ˹ȥ񱩵ĴѹΡ
ôĵӣΪڹλãˣϱϸ볤϶ᣡ
ȵ漴һֱңҲƵ뿪ڹȣܿ㲻Ӱ
Ҫ֣ȴ֪û
ȥų϶᣿
кâһ
佡ĵߵǷǣƾҪĻҪúһˣڹȣѵֻܹһ
Ұռڹֻ˵˾䡰֡ұҪɱ
ѵ
д
û̫࣬ͷһǬǹϸѪ໥
Ǭǹ֮ʩչǬԾһԾʮɣڶԵУ׷ɱܣ񼼣
ȫѪҺڣȻǬǹ״̬̲סҪ֪Ǭǹʲôս
Ȼ𰸣ֻе̤ؾʱŻ֪ˣ
ڹ֮УѹϽ£ڴ⾳°빦
Χʼڹ֮
ѹشƣԭֻǳڸպÿԹһ
ûãһЩĵѶǰռڹȵҹȻˣһϲأʼ۷׷ף


74 ϵ
ҹȻˣ̫ˣ
ʦִңǻв鷳
ҵǾãʦּȻ֣϶Ѿ׼Ϲʲô
Ҳԣ˵ԽڹˣҸоֻҪһ죬ҾͿ⾳ˡ
ʦܣȽȥɣҵմʱǰףʦ⾳
۷׷УΪĺĵӱ߽ڹȣһ
У͸мҴܣǻõʱ䣬ܽڹȣ
ʱ䣬κ˵ǼΪģȻм
ȴûǡ
ڵһ˿鷳֮⣬ȫ˼ѹطˡ
ѹ֮ԭеһַ򣬶̵ͨͨתܵѹĴڡ
ûܹ֪ͨеѹͬѹ⾳򡢷򡣡
ֻؼĵһϡ٣κ˶ѸӦѹڡ
򵥵˵ѹı룬Ȼȴ˸򵥵ĸܵѹ⾳ڹؼѹ
ڹ֮УѹȻܸѹ⾳ˣ
ѾѹشƣȻԭһ
ѹ֮⣬纮ķصĺʵҲһģһģͨķܹؼĳַˡ
ɴˣȴһʡ
ȻķͼѸӦ֮ķôķˣʦүθӦѹ򣬴Ӷģ
ֻߣʦүȴȻ취ģ
ʣڿڶûܻشΪǸֽѾ̫ã
ʱֻӦѹ򣬶ڹ֮УӦٶȸ졣
ʱ䣬ڹ˻ֻûȥᡣ
佡ģδ鷳ãܿҪǰ֮ԨеǻὫɵûҪٶһˡ
ʱһĺĵƣ㿪ʼһʱ䵽ˣ뿪λˣ
ֳǬǹںüںĵӳݵĿУ̤뿪ڹȡ
Ǭǹ֣ǹͨڽƳ׹̣ѹǿɣ
뿪ڹȣ㳯ųϸڴȥ˸âͬʱƵḶ́ǹǹĴɾ磡
ɾǹԼٶȴ̳ʮǹǹӰأ޿ײ룬ÿһǹƣף
˵ԭƵȫһǹӵƥ֮ĻʩչǹӰ֮Գһǧƥ֮
һǧƥ֮Ǹ̤ؾǿߣӵеĻ
صľ磬ܹʩչһǧƥ֮似ʽȻǿ屶֮ࡣɴ˿ɼǹƣжôǿ󣡡
֮УĻ꣬һӱûֵС
ʵʵӰпǰУܿ죬ҵ˸Ϊεĳͳ֮ǰƷҩ絤һ¡
Ʒҩص˵ļֱţһëʤޣοƾӡܹȫκεҩȫҩ
һöƷҩ˵൱ö
ʱ֣絤ȫ˾ӡ֮У˫ۣվĿĵǰС
ҪȥĵطǳϸڵƬ֣ڹкüɽͷľ롣
Ϊˣų;н絤յ
ҪǰƬ֣ΪĵȻҪ̽һ˵ˮƣϣ
ڵϣڳϸĳסвٳչţȻҪĻԼĵӡ
ƽϸӸԴ˻ԣĵӦϤչ
ţɱ⣿
ո̤֣оƬоȻŵɱ⣬һӾ
ɱ⣬ΪУʱĻ꣬˻ΪãϦӰһûֵС
ϸ۲ĻΣ
ĵһӦʲôԼ֪ܿˡ
ৣৣৣ
ӰджȻ䳯ڵǼӶȥ
֣
һȣɱ
ӰгһѺڱϵϮճն£
Ҫɱϣ
һʱ˿̣òվˣ
ΪԶԶĿڵУֻһźۣϣûڡ
ֵĻϿ϶ӰԵնɱ
Ϧ£ʱò֮ʱչϵĵӣҲ뿪òȥˣӰȻרʱ䶯֣϶ڸ۲ˣ
һţһǬǹ衣
ǬԾ
ʮɵľ룬ʩչǬԾһʽ֮⣬ûκαİ취Կٵִ
˲Ǭǹۣһɨһʱ𣬳·Ծȥ
ƽ٣ֳǬǹͬ
飡
һ֣˲佫һ飡
ţǹһһǹһ⣬ѹ˸飡
ѹ٣˲佫ɨ
һǹһʱȴоǵⷴһֲһ͸
ۣ
Բķħ壬֮ⷴҲһһѪ
Ȼ
ӿн£ǿվڵأüͷ
ӰУȻһؾ֮ϵǿߣһ⣬֮ˣ
Ȼ
УڵݣǵУʱȻһǹе⣬ǵбһ£δϣһ
ʱϣδѾˣ
˭Ҫɱϣ
תȥӰȴӰѾȫȻʧȻû֮У
ݵĺȻ֮ڸ£Ӱ˳ƶȫܲԷϢֻеɱ֪Էûߡ
ۣ
ͻȻһϵ죬һֲѹ
һ⣬Ϯ
ƾصԵֵסҲܲ
ϵ飬ϵˣȻǣ
ڴʱһЦһԴһӾȻǲˣ
һӥণ
عͷȥһһͷӥӰ˲ǵ⣬漴һѶϵӰȻһ
ϵˣ
һݣ֪ϵźһǴƹߴ֮һ
ʱ˿̣ϵŵؾǿ߾ȻǱڣҪɱԵϣ


75 ֮
ϺΣͷںĵӵһˣУٻӥ֣Σ֮У
Ȼӥ飬ƣһʱ侹Ȼ޷ͻƶԷĶϵӰɼԷ缫ߣ
ǲУߣ
һ֮ӰдӰ³ǰֳ֮Ӵܡ
ֹһεжǻһжС϶һ
ͬ
ʦܣտϣ׷ȥ
˵ŲһʱΪģγؾĺӰ׷ȥ
Ե˵ͷֳǬǹ첽ϸǰ
ȻǶϵŵؾǿˣзħֵҲû˼ϢһӦþûˡ
ڵȻûʱϢ
ϡ
̮ݣѰˮ۵Ӱ㽫䱳ڱϣ뿪̮ݡ
һĻñԶѶļһ
˭Ҷʦ𣡡
һȣ˲䴫УźüӰ첽һӱ㽫Χס
̧ͷǺüڵӣһɫƵĽΧм䡣
һ꣬׳˶Ǹոտ֮ˣӦþˮƵĵӣ³
ܹˣӦ߶Կٸ˹ȴպü̮Уϵ屳
ʶģǱΪŪ̮Ҫ˺ϣ
䶷
һˣһ߾ܣһָ˵

˶ʱһݣˮƵĵӣ³ǱһԭӣʦΪˣ㾹𱨣ʦͼı죬ֱ޶磡
λʦ֣Ҫ嶯
üͷ΢壬һ߷ŶԷ֣һ߽˵ԭ̽ϣ֣պüϵŵɱ֣ҪɱϣݣǱϵŵɱԵն̮
˵˵
һųĳϵŵɱ֣ңڶϵŵɱĶ
ʦּʱϵѾ׷ȥˡ

ʦ֣
ԣͬʱһ㶣漴Ӧ
У
ʦ֣Ȼ
ȻտƾȻ
ĪҪ˵ǲҪˡ
һһ˵ţһȡһѳս
콫ʦ£
³ǽһսУһĶȵҪʦʲôʧҽվƴҲҪ㸶ۣ
³ںĵֻʮ壬⼸ˣҲ³˶٣ֻ֮ˡ
һ𣬶һĶ֣һ㣬˶֪֮
ϾԭĵӵĻף¶Ѵڡ
򲻹Ҳƾ뿪
Ųţǡ
侲Ĺ۲ܣֻڴ˵Ⱥ򣬲ʦһף
ڽԵˮƽȥĴ£Ȼġ
ȻóǺ³Ϊˮ룬ڵʦİΣˣɾͲ˵ˣ
һˮƣ˶ʲôֽţǵʱͻΪЩ˹Ľˣ
ˮƳʲô£㲽л޷Ϊϴˢԩ
ˣҪģǱˮƣȴл
ôڵˣϵɱȻٳˣԼͻȻ֡
˵еЦҲ֪£ƾһˣȷ³ʵ
ô£
ͻȻһĿ𣬴ڴ˹
³˰ͬʱȥȴһĺ׳۰׳Ǻĵӽߣ佡ĳϣ
佡Ȼ׳˶ȴİͬһú
ֱԵдɫ֮е
ˮƱϵʱ佡׹һ漴ָֻ·ûʲôһ㡣
ȻһĨ׹⣬ȴĲ׽ˣ
佡ģкξģ
һݣ˲֪佡Ŀ϶Щʲô
ʱȴ˵һϾֻ΢²⣬û֤ݣ֪佡ĵʲô
佡һϱɢһشƣȫڡ
ˮƣԵĸܵ佡Ҫ
佡ΪϣȻؾǿߵشƣֱϣ
佡ģϣϣʶֻڵһϸʱɨһۡ
ϣУ佡Ѿͷشƣѹ
ڵһ¶Ǻ飬ֻҧ֧ţסϵˮƣ
ΪڵӣҪӺȹųϣһΣ
佡˵ʮ֮վ
֮λ޴ǣ
ҧͬͷųشƣֵ佡ĵѹǿ̧ͷѵ˵ңֻضϵɱ֣ϣ£ȴʦֻˣ
ӲƱ磡
佡һ̹УǿԴӿȥΪ뿪ڱɡϣ佡ΪڳϣֻܽеЧȣ

ѵĴЦǲҵȲʦֻǱ飡
佡Ϊϣ»Ҫô
佡һʱ̤һһ˸ǿشѹ
һȻ˵ˣ
һһŲ֮⴫ԽԽڵӴѶȻϰˣ
У֮ǰܵҸ࣬УĴһȺǰ
ҿǾھȻ治ҪԾȹ϶֣ʵ磡
ָдͱӣ·ڳҫ
еĻʮڵӣһָָ۷׷ףȻָȻı֮ˣ
Ⱥڣױҥ󵼣رǴʱ˶վ̮ǰϱ
ڣ佡ıҪʹָ𣬽治ɱ
佡ٴ̤ǰһܣһʵ˭ģվ
ɱɱ
ڳڵӣ׷׺ȫűӡ
壬治ؽ
ȻˣҾͶˣ
佡һһһ̤
佡ĵĲоϵشѹԽԽǿ̤ؾĳϣûκη
УûлļΪ֮ƣֻС
ࡰˡֱŵҲʼǿ
ѹƵڵǿ£ӵܹǿһµ
ֻܶһ£ᣬܴ
Ǭǹ
ۣ
һǹԼŵľӡϣѪڵľ֮ɫ


76 ǹȾѪ
ĶΧ˶һ¡
ѵǳܲס佡ĳϵѹԼɱˣ
ǣһǹȥžȻѪһ˿˿ɫƣԵޱɭȻ͹죡
佡ģԭ̤ǰУʱͣһ½Ųüͷ΢塣
Ѫһһ˿壬һ˿˿ɫƣ·ӾĶģ
ǻͿˡ
þȫܹһǬǹһӴ̽ŵľӡ
һΣӡܷһƵʱ򣬱㴫֮ƣ÷ˡ
ڣһǹ̽ţ͸ӡֻӡʲô仯
˿˿ɫƵѪǬǹǹһ¾ͱȾ˺ɫǬǹϣ˹ĺɫϢ
һɭȻľ֮˲䳯Χӿȥ
·ԻȪϢֶÿڳ֮˵͸ȥ
佡ڣ˶оһ̹ǵĺ䣬ҪǶڵѪҺٶ˲ü仺
ǽųУĺɫѪҺ˶֪ô£ֻǿȷŹ֣
Źȥһ涼һ㵭ɫı˪ǶӲ
佡ı֣֮ԭѹشƣҲһʧ٣˲
֮סô
žʹ̧ͷܣ漴׼û뿪
ڣʧ
˭֪Ӿӡ֮͸ľ֮Χ˽Ӳá
ر佡ģ缫ߣºܿͻ᳹׻ָ
һְγȾ˺ɫǬǹһֱȻŵˮƣվֺ󷽱㱼жȥ
һܣ佡ȻŭޱȣӶɳˣȻ˶ֹ֣֮ͣ
ûˣֹܹ뿪
õǣ֮ӿ֮󣬱㿪ʼɢ
佡ܸоֻҪٹһСʱ䣬ֹϢͻɢȫ뵽Ƭصȥ
ȻһСʱ䣬ֻĿˮߣ
ܿ죬ˮƣʧ
֮УֻʣһƬɭȻ죬ɪϢ˶ź
˰ʱ֮á
佡Ĳ𽥻ָǹɭľ֮뵽أƾ磬ڽڵľ֮ȫ˳ȥ
ߡ
һܡ
ڶڵӶûܹѹɫ͸ˡ
λϣ鷳ڶӣҽӵĶйڡ
佡ģһȫָĳ˵佡ģһҪץס£
£̤Ųӱ㳯ʧĵط׷ȥ
ƺǳϿȷܣҪ뿪ڵӣ佡ȻҲǷ׷˹ȥ
ȴ֪׷ķȫǴģ
ʱ˿̵Ѿ෴򣬳֮Ԩȥ
⣬ע佡Ľǲ׷ˣʱʱ䣬㹻ܳϰ
̤ؾ佡ģҲ׷ټ

ˮ뿪֣ܿ˺ƻ
ȻҪӴģȻ佡ҪҪ佡ĳ
佡ĲҵȲлͼҪɱң϶Ǵʲôɸ˵Ŀġ
뵽ѹܹ֪һ
ʱ˿̣еĿĵأ֮Ԩ
ϵŵˣҪˮƵ佡ģҲĻ̥һУҪھԼһ
رǣ佡Ĺ˽𣬰̸޴̩һȥɼҩݣҪ
ҪҵҵҪһڳϣЩ˵£
ţҪһУȻҪˮѹ˵
ˮƣҪҩģײݡ޻ʻ
У޻㾭Ҳܹ޻ָʻǿֻҪǵﳹ飬ܹʻָ
ҩݣֵߣԲǧ֮ڣֻ֮Ԩ
ײݣ֮ãˮƻָǣߺһܹκˮܵˡ
˵еĶ
ˮƣһ·УԸܵˮƲǵˣһ־綾˶״̬
ңȫ͵ذΧʱЩػǱڣδһôˮƱҩɾˣ
ֲãҪײݡ޻ʻҩϣպ֮ܽ
žâȻˣҾǰ֮ԨѰҩݣ
ϱУܿͽһƬε֣ûӰвӰ
ƬӰеïԣѾ֮ԨķΧ
ˮƿǰУƾļɺͷḻľ飬εУǳ׶㿪׷ɱ
ıܣеǬǹԽԽ̣ɢһһڵİâ·ΪһѴӾĳĳǹ
ǹȾѪĳֵı仯ֱ仯֪Ǻǻ
ˣ̫ˣҸطϢһ£
Ǭǹ¶ȣȻ̵еղסĳ̶ˡ
ܣܿҵһСɽˮƽУԴһʯɽȫסֻ¶һ˿϶͸
ţˮƿɽʯϣϢԼǽǬǹŵ˵ϣϸ۲仯
ǹȾѪҲ֪ᷢʲôı仯
΢΢üͷڰɽУܹǬǹȾŵѪɢĹ⣬Եü졣
Ѫ;֮Ӱ£Ǭǹڽ˫ر仯
ϣϣϣ
һ֮ǬǹϴǬǹĹ𽥳ȥ
һɫ·ȻӡǬǹϣ
ǹ⣬һƬڣ
ǹˣǿӡһɫ·
ǬǹȻеӡ
Ǭǹɢĵ֮΢ŵڴ
Ǭǹƺǿˣ
һֽУûиоˣһ֮ʱǹȫ
Ͼӡһ֮оˬ
ȷǿˡ
оâһ漴ǬǹУȻһӼǬǹֵЩɫ·
ǹӰأ
һųǹһǹɽ˲̳˺üʮǹ
ֲƣŹľ֮ǹӿʱɽϺһһӣ
һǧƥ֮
¶ϲ֮ɫ
ԭǬǹشƣʩչǹӰصĻҲһǧƥ֮
ڣǬǹȾѪɱ֮󣬾ʩչǹһ֮࣡
Ժ󣬾ͽǹ
ųǹ˼£ѡǷ񼤻ǹϵĺɫ·
ʩչǹͻḽϾ֮ǹǿɡ
Щɫ·ǾǹͺԭǬǹʱһģһ
ֻѳǹ˸Ĺܣͺ;ӡһ
ţȻ䣬оӾǹ֮ϣȻһ·ңԶ֮


77 ͨ似
Ȼһ
ǣҸоǹƺܹܵҵ
ǰһ
ѵǹ֮ϳ̶ȣһΣ
ৣৣ
гǹһӸܵǹӷˡ
ֻҪһǹᵽ˼Ǽǹϵľ·Ҫʩչǹٶȶޱȡ
˵ԭʩչǹӰأҪһʱ䣬ôڿ˵Ҫʱ䡣
һǹӰǿϮ
սϣʼĹ׶Σȥͨ׶Ρ
֮ǰ˵Ļﵽͨ׶֮ս˵˼ȫϣ˵һͷսʩչ似ٶȼ죡
⣬Ǵﵽͨ׶Ҫı仯Ҫǣ˺սͨ飬ֻҪս֮עԶٿս
򵥵˵һսͨ飬ôϱܹɱǧ֮⣡
ȻֻϣʵϣҪԶٿսķǳ󣬲ǹؼʱ̣սֵġ
۴۴ǹʲô
·ǹ۴֣Щɻ
漴ϸһ¾ǹ֮ǰһ
ۣ֮ңǾǹۣǹ֮ͨ󣬱ܹʩչ۴һͨ似
ǹֻҪմȾѪʩչͨ似ǹ֮ǹӰظǿ
ҿ۴ӵж
ָ̧ҧһС˿ڣ漴һ˦˾ǹϣ
һ·ԾĵӾǹʱǹϾ·شƣһǹɽڴ¡
۴
ۣ֮
Ȼһһǹ£֮ǰһ֮ϣٴͱһɵĴӳ
һǧ˰ƥ֮
¶ϲɫ
۴һǹ֮ͨ似ȻǹӰظǿң⻹۴似ǿ
Լ˦ѪǱ˻ˣô۴ǿ
СɽʱǲܴˣϾոն̫󣬲
ֳ־ǹˮƻԵ뿪ɽٳ֮Ԩȥ
ң̤ʱ򣬲ֻʩչһǧ൱һƥ֮
ȻڣһǹϮǧƥ֮ȸ̤֮ʱǿ˺üٱ
أֻһ;Ŀʼ
̤ؾָӵǿ

֮ԨȥʱУ˶ˡ
ϮɱˮƳϵ飬ڣ
ڵڣй¡
ĵӾüĵӾһ
Ǹңܹлڹһܸлû뵽Ȼˣ
ǰȻϻԣ³ȥԷҪıϣʵ벻ͨ
ҵ룬᲻佡ĳڹݺϾ
꣬˵Ҫϲϰ˶ˣ佡ܹݺ
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Ͼ˭֪Ͼȹ壬ҪϲΪκ˶˳ۣ
Ͽ֮ۡ
ϺͺϣģϿȡ
֣һԼת
ϣ˵ôıϵ£ҿ϶䳤ݺ
ϣ밡̩гڹȸң̩ң佡ĵĵӣ佡ҪԸҲж˶Բԣ
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һ˵ЩʲôϺͺϾΪ
Ϊڻڳϣʵ̫ˣѾʲô飬ܹӰ쵽ǵľ
֣
ϺͰһЦⲻû𣿶ң뿪ˣ˵Լİ취أͰĵſɣ
ǣѵʲô𣿡
ҧгݵ˵
ϳʱ򡣡
ϵ˵һ䡣
⻰ü΢
ϳʱ
⻰ʲô˼
벻ףϾ֪飬̫ˣ
ʱڣһɫµĲУк̸
ʦˣ׷ɱȥԷǶϵźĵӵһˣ𡣡
΢üͷ˵κβҲκβҡҼǹʦܣ˳˻أ벻һʦܣѾ뿪ˡ
Ǳ佡ıߵģ佡ɱ£ӵˣҲҵԤϡ
ϣüͷһߣԭһ־ֻǵʱҶǹϢסʵ˷ѽ⡣
ΣǹϢʦԼܣӦúĸйذɡ
˵佡Ĵ˾٣ȴЩרУ̫ʦˡοʱ佡ľڸ˵ֲܷ˶ϵŶټ
佡ϣɵ㡣
ٵ˵ͷСһƲ佡ģԭˮƱЩԹ֮ʱ֪ٴˣֱ˳ϣŰ벻ڡ
һ˵ţһôߡ
Уǵɫʡ
Ϊһ֮Գϸڶ೤ϵԸ£ȻһɴˣһЩʵĻࡣ
Ȼչˣ
ڣȴδΪѣΪƾ޾ݣҲ֮ŷ
ȻĻ󣬹۲ȫֻ֣ȵһؼʱ̣ặȻ֣

佡ģ׷һ죬û׷ޱȵߡ
֮ںĵ·
ԭĺĵҪ֮ԨɼҩݣڣȴҪѰˮƳϡ
ˮƱߣٲɼҩݣѾûʲôá
֮Ҫҵ䣡
ҵߣһƷսһ
ֱɱߣһƷսһ
Ϊɱ佡ѾѪƷսĽŵˣ
⣬ȻڶĵΪ֮
֮Ԩڴһ۵̸ִ޴һ۵̩Լϲߣⲽ
Ҷ˽⣬ʱӦ֮ԨҪҵҩݣˮơ
̸޴ԣ˵
̩һ׺֮ɫУұضҪҵʬΣ
˴Σ̸ڣɱǼһ׾٣
ŵϲߣһĵЦš
ԴеƷսһǹ飬ϲ߾ʧȥյţ̩ƴӣ
ϻ˵߰ɡ
̸޴ϲߡ
һμ֮Ԩʱնɱĵڡ
Ҳ֮Ԩ˽ᣬȥڣ
̸޴׹һ̤Ųӱ֮Ԩ


78 ɱж
ϸڵУ̮Աߣ׳³һں޵Ĺǰ
ʦ³ûãȻ޷ֹ˴ߣ
³쳤̾Ϊ
󣬺üںĵվţ³ƽĺѡ
һ˳˸⣬Ҹոմ֮̽ǰسǣʦһֱ۷ϵڣҵʦ֣ϺŭȥѰ֣ϣ֣һȥѰ
һԣʱǰһִֻ֣ϣҲѾ̤ؾ֣ڣһҵܽץ
ãλ˵ȥ죬³ԴǣͿʦֵˣ
³վ޺޵˵
³ʦ֣ģΪʦֵܣȻṲͬˣ
ĺĵһת˵˵ϵвٺö˫ѥӡǰѳǹ
³ԣʱѰȻʦЩ³һŲҪ
Ǿͺã
˹һЦȻˣ³ʦ֣ƾϵĵӣͿ϶˵֣һˣ
ãߡ
³һźǺ⣬תߣ˿ûо쵽Щʦֵֻܶѡ

ʱ˿̵֮Ԩ
һֳžȭһЯˮƣܿ뵽֮Ԩ
ڵȣһͷ֮һǹܽɱˣֻͷشƣܽ䳹ѹ
ֻ֮пǿޣпǿޣ
ȻǬǹɱΪ˾ǹͨϣԼǷܹԿؾǿߣû̫İա
Ϊؾǿ߳˻֮⣬Ҫı仯顣
ӵ飬شƵƱõȻ޴棡
׿ǿߣ˭ʤ˭δ֪
ţ֮ǰиС
ȻԶԶٲ㳯ٲȥ
ΪڽӵʱͿ˽һֲҩУܹԵײݣ֮ˮߡ
ٲпҵײݣˮƻָǣ
ٳٲȥͬʱԼΪ֪ڵڿ϶ˣڵѰ䡣
ףˣȶ
һߣֱʩչĻĻ꣬ϢĶ㵽һӰУ
ٲԽԽ̸Ҳ𽥴С
ɵײˣôĲװ
ʦ֣˵ŷҪǲɼ˶ײݣ޻Լʻʲôã
ףʦܣ㾹Ȼ֪ǶϵŵϣڵһĳŶޣڣǧ˿ڵĲӰ綾ǽζҩȫߣĿɾҩˣ
˻ȻǲӰ綾˵־綾־壬;ʴʵ̫ˣ
٣˼еĶôǺθɣӣʱ䣬ľҪʱһã϶Ǹཱ
ҿǶʮа˾Ҫˡ֮Ԩҩݱͼϡ٣ڻǶϵŵǰ߰˰ˣڣĶȥҩ
߱ģû뵽Ȼһ͵
һԣ̸֪˲顣
ԭϵһϣˮЩԹ
˵֮ǰҪɱˮƵĺӰģϲ˰ɱöϵһζҩݡ
佡ģĵӲɼҩݵ񣬺жȻҲ̫˵㡣ѵ¶佡йأ佡Ĺʱ䣬öϵ֮˽ҩȫߣ
в²ţܿע⵽ǶϵŵʦֺʦܣصΪҪǣײݣ
ΪļһƾڵʵӦܹɽˡ
ţȻˮƷ£žǹĻ곯ϵŵӶȥ
˭
ϵŵӣΪǿߣտʮɷΧǱ׷׾쵽ˣ
ֻһصڵӣɱ
ʦʵǿЩһ۾ͿΪһֳһѺڱϵϮ
һͺɱϵ֮ˣûò
ЦһĻ꣬Ȼһֳ֣־ǹһǹ˻ԭصʦܡ
ʦɱģȻֻĲӰ
ǹӰأ
һǹ֮УƣʱʮǹӰ̶
ϵᣡ
ʦܷӦҲѸ٣Ҫ㿪ȴˣֻӲͷƤкڱϵǰ߶
һ㵶ϣ˲ǰۣͼֵǹӰ
Ȼһ̣ǹӰδֵƣѾǲ㵶Ƭ

֮شƣʦͣ޷ȡκδʩĿǹӰϮ
ۣۣۣ
ǹӰأһʦͱ˺üɵۣѪעأ
Ҳû뵽һصڵӣȻһͽɱˣ
ʦһնĲӰһãعͷȴֻʦǹӰ֮µĳŭĿԲ
ɱҶϵˣ
ʦкڱϵһӣƾնΣʱ⳯Ϯ
ۣۣۣ
⣬Хƿն桢ࡢҲ࣬йȥٶȼ죡
Ծ
оǹһӣʱһһӾϰɸ߿գ
ৣ
𣬾֮ǹ⣬һԾֶˣһ¹񷣬¹£֮ԨһƬ⣡
ɱ
ǹ裬ǰ£ǹֱָϵŵʦ֣
ʦ֣һĶȥˣõôߣ
ӰԣһѳǹϺɫӳ¹⣬Ҫ㿪ʱѾˡ
ǬǹɱΪǹ֮ǬԾһУҲӦ仯Գ֮ΪԾ
һӣԾɣ
ƣѹ
һȣǹʱȻ˵ϣʦ֣ڹؼʱ̾һŲһûбǹ̸š
ˣһǹĿҲʦƷɳȥײһô׳ϣǿײ
ûбǹͱʦҲͷۻ˶ˡ
̤ǰһǹ仳еײݡ
ײݵˣ
ֱȡײݣڶϵ˵ʬ壬ȥˣ
صԭˮ𣬲Ծȥܿ㲻Ӱ
طո˼ҵս϶Ὣ֮Ҫˮƣ϶ҪһȫĵطС
ܿ죬ٲ֮¡
ײݣǿֱӷõģȽ䵷飬ϻˮȥ
һײݣײ飬һˮιϿС


79 
ײݻˮһιϿ֮㽫Ųһԡ
ײݣײݵҩӦܹѹˣֻ͵ʱû취ָ
һţһܻٲµĺϣ׼ԼҲȵˮ
ʱȴͻȻоһ˿εɱ⣬Ӻ֮дУ
˭
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ɱ֮УһɷϢһζѵޣ
Բ²⡣
޵ĻǷпޣ
ҪڵʵҲû̫ʤգ
ûκֻǽ˽žǹ֣
˻˻
ͻȻ䣬һ·ŵУ˵ĺΪ֮һϣȻǡ˻˻ͣͣ

һĵʱñͻ͵ȫ
ţоΣմˮϮֱţ
ûпԷֻ̬ƾΣյֱһӽоǹɨ˳ȥ
ǹӰأ
ƣȻ̳ʮǹӰǰռȫ
ҪͱͻǹӰصޣҲ޷
˻˻
һĶʱȫһͨڵľͶߣˮ֮Ծ𣬳˺ҧ
ͬʱһǿѹͶȻţһСݵӰھͶ߱
飬ȻһС飡
ͷû뵽ٲ֮£Ȼǿޣ
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۳شƣҲһβɨɢȥɾ
ǿ
һҧʶҪʩչ似ȴ֣ȫԷСɢƸס޷ã
С飬ɱ׿Ļöˣ
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һ¶ҪʲôֶΣֱԴһܽ顣˵ȻѾ˹С飡
תʱ˿̣ûκΰ취ô
ѵҪһδ̴ŵľӡ
˼ʱǾͶȴѾͷˣɺӣһ˫ͫеӰӰͷ˺ҧ
ô
ͫţȻܵȫ͵ͻȻ⿪ȻԶˣ
ϲ⣬תʩչ۷徳˲粽ԭһӰ֮󣬳ź˲Ϣ˺󲽣ʮɵľ룡
䣡
ͶһҧĲӰϣʱǲӰҧ飬ҧˮһһľʯǿʯҧ÷飡
ʯΧ䣬ɢҵضǡ
Ļ꣬ûһԵУϸųй۲ȥȴϲһĻ
ֻһ͸ӡӰȻƾճˮߣͶߵС
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ˮˣȻ͵ûκã޷ʩչκ似ȴһؾǿߡ
似֮⣬ˮƻܶ飡
ѹ֮ͶߵСԿ߿оһ
ӡ̺ǿޱȵѹ򣬸һ֣㽫Сȫѹ˻ȥ
ˮƸոմӻѹӡԵҲ൱
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һԣϸ۲ųһУȻ
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ͶһˮƣȻ̾ˣǰͷĴӡӰСԿ
ɺӣ漴βڰһģڵȻ㳯ˮڴڶȥ
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ˣˣˣ
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ӡ
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һǹǹӰأ
һԽ磬ֳֳǹǧƥ֮һǹ˱еľͶߣ
˻˻
Ͷ˻һβͶʱڴɨ䱾ȴδǼˮƱڹȥ
ˮƵвȻҪö࣡
Ȼ
һ죬ǹӰͶβһɨֱӱɢȥ
ţһβͱɨ䣡
ۣ
ܾʱһѪ˲Ⱦǹ⣡
ڣ
ͨ似۴
ͶһβɨУѪ˾ǹϣʱ˾ǹͨ似
һޱ׺ϢӾǹ֮ϴ
ƣ۴
ǿƵһǹɢſֲ֮˲˾Ͷߵ
˻˻˻
ͶȫڱڵĹУȫû뵽һβɨУ
ˣȻʩչǿһǹԱ֮ǰǹӰǿһĿֲ˲ǹ⴩͸
ʹ˻һӴǹľˣˤˮߣһѾʯ
ǹȫŵľ֮·ԾĻȪʹߣ
ֻߵŨѪȴһӾ֪ܵˣ
СӣϽʳߵڵ±ܽⶾ˳㻹һ¥
ˮƽ


80 ӡ
ˮƵĻʱӦ
ޣڵڵ޵ĵһʣǴĵط
ֻ޵޵ʲͬ
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ˮƱ̸޴ըˣִϣ빫˽Լг𣬾Ȼǣ˴£д
ʲôңֻŹжϣȻѾǾͺúÿţηİɣ
̸޴׹֣
ȻѾ̤أȻⲢʲô
ͬΪأ໥ʵпر
̩ǺĵӵƾʵԺؾһصǿ߶һʱ䣬˵ؾ֮µĵһˣ
ո̤أ̩Ķ֣
죬
Ȼ̸ֻ޴ԼΪĶѡ


84 ִ
̩վһҪٶȽɱ
ʱˮƵȻûʲôۼ֤նɱһؾһصĶϵǿߣʲôõĵģ
ڣֻ̩أ굶Ҷʵ˲ֹһ
̼ͻ˰ɡ
̩վ̸޴һһͣҪԼΧɱкâһ
ˣ
а룬̤ͬǰһ
Ϊո̤صľ磬̩Կ𣿡
̩˵
ܲܣ˵㡣
˵
棡
̩͸ϲͬʱЦˣԴĿԣ
ŸˮĵӣʱԶԶĿţǺ֮ɫ
ǲ²⵽ˮ¼Щᣬڣ̩ᱻնɱɣ
Ͼ˭֪̩常ɱ
ˮƣȻ޷似״̬һ̸ִ޴ס϶ǰﲻʲôæˡ
ڵϦ
УҲֻˮƺԼûôΪˡ
ֳ־ǹȵվڳУǹֱָ̩ɣҿмֽϺӣЩʲôֶΣ
Ϻ꣡
֣̩Ŀѡ
С޳ɻ޳ɻԶɽȻڣɱ常ǳƺ常ΪϺꡱ
̩֪常޳ɻȷʵıˣֶζΣҲ常
ҵ常Σķﶫûʸۣڣɣ
̩һ仰ŭȫϢɢһΪߣ̼ǰһȭ
һȭ˲һء֮·춼ڿȻǺͬ似ޣ
һȭϮǱƣף
ȻһгƷ似ȴ˿壡
ʩչһеʱ򣬾Ѿȥ˵̩򵥵һȭ
ңһȭ̽ԶûлҵĻˡ
кâһгǹ趯ʱ֮ǹ⸡ֳ
ӡ·
ǹǹӰأ
ǹ裬ǹӰӭ̩һȭϮȥ
ǿشѹ˲併̩ϣǰеζΪ֮һͣһȭдŵޣȻشƳѹƣ
ǹӰǶ˲̩ţ
ϱڣ
̩⧲ֻʩչķϱڳҪΪģǰԵǹӰ
ôҲû뵽̤صʩչ˿ֲȻ似ֱƿ
ǲǹӰܹ˵ϾϱڻǷǳǿķʽ
һ̣ǹӰһӺϱϣһȻ졣
ţ
̩ɫֱһ䡣
Ϊ֣ϱǹӰ¾ȫһ
ص̩Ҳƥ֮ʩչϱڣⳬƷ似ķʽҲֵܹסƥ֮Ĺѡ
ȻǹӰȴǧƥ֮
ֻһ˲䣬̩ϱڱǹӰ÷飬żϮûб٣
Բķħ壬ĻͳѰأ˵мӡӵһƥ֮
ǹƣʩչǹӰԲֵܹͬģ
ۣۣۣ
̩㿪ֱӱǹӰУȫ³ֺüѪ
飡
źµӰˤڵأˣҲ
ֻһУǹӰ㽫̩׻ܣֱͬһɣ
һԣԭڴ̩ܽɱ̸ִ޴״ɫһ̩࣬Ҳ̫û˰ɣ
ԸȻ˴⣡
̩ĸϲߣԭŵ飬ʱҲǺȻһ䡣
̩̫ˣȻһлܣ
Զ۲ⷽĵӣָͬоУոյ̩Ͳصǿ߰
صǿߣڱһоͻˣ
ڣȫ˿֪ܻܲ
Ȼȴ֪̩ʧܲΪ⣬˵Ѿ༫
̩СģעĶ֣
ϣ̩Ҫɱңұؾûʲôɣ
̤ǰһֳֳǹ˵
Ȼûʲô⡣
ˮźӣȻЦ⣬ҿΪ֤
ƣ
̸ִ޴ƿڴͬΪڵӣֱ֣ûнŷΪִϣǷŹ㣬ǶԲ࣡
⻰ˮһĿɿڴ
̸޴ǲҪոջ׿̩ɱڣȻ˵֣
̸ϣҿħϣڲĻ϶Ҫиŵӻᱻ
ŵϲߣһҧгݵ˵
䶷սȴֱƷսһʼձ
ƷսʧҪ涼ˣ̩ǰ̧ͷ
ڣ̩һлܣٷܣؾų϶ˣ
̸޴Ҳģ
óĳɳʵ̫ˣ쵽޷ĵز
Ȼվû飬лὫնɱ
ȵ飬ô̸޴޷Ըˣ
ڣ
̸޴Ϊִϣ˲ǷǣǷ̫׵
ˮƵȴ

һЦӲԶ˹һȺ˲ïܴ֣ǰ
Ϊ׵һˣıͦݶȻͬɫӣ̸޴һؾһصִϣ
֣һϣ
ˮһˣɫ΢䡣
ϣҡ
֣һϣ·һһһԵȻͬʦ֣ʵ޷졣̸˵öԣţض֮
Ҳ˵
ˮưü΢塣
Ϊʵ
֣һһȻ
֣һ񣬽ű֣һ󣬻źüڵӣĩĺĵӡ
һˣ׳˶ˮƵĵӣ³
һˮƣ³Ǽ֮ɫ
ʦ𣡡
³Ҳ룬ֱѾܵˮ
Ȼǰ֣һȴһ֣³סһģ˵ţؼģҪնɱ˿ܣǣȫȥΧΧκλܣ
ؾִϣ̸޴֣һ񣬾Ȼͬʱ֣Ҫնɱ
һ֮ǰˮĵ벻̸ͨ޴֣һΪҪ
رˮƻڳʱ
̸޴ĵڣӦǱɱ֣һĵңǱˣһֱۡ
ˮվһԣ˵ڣ𱨣Ҫɱ˶ᱦ๼ңƣҫ޳ԹҪϵвԱУʦģױҪΪǱ𣬵Ҫеĺˣ
ˮ仰һΧ˶֪ࡣ
ԭ̸޴֣һλִϵĵӣܹһһˣ


85 
ˮƵĻ̸֮޴֣һִЩΡ
漴ɱ⻹ռϷ硣
գҲΪ˱Ϊеţһ󻼣
֣һһ壬ϵ˵
һ󻼣
һЦǾͶְɣ˵ôʲôô˵ǶɱҾͶˣ
ӣ
̸޴ЦʱŭСӣҲ̫˵㣬ִϣȻ˵
ȻȲǱϾȥ
֣һһ࣬漴̤һȡ˹һѳ
ѳһƷ似ΪڵһִϣӵеսȻ굶Ҷá
Ҫ˵ʵ֣һδرȵ굶Ҷ
Ϊ֣һִ֮ϣΪ޷ʮ֮ǰ飬츳ȻҶ
似⣬ʱҲʱɵģҪ츳
֣һ飬̤ؾ츳ѰҪãٱ̷ǼҪǿϲ١
ǣҪ˵굶Ҷ֮ȣ츳϶ǲԶˡ
ƺǿһսɱ⣬ˮҲûͼֹ֣һ̸޴ϹһĨ޺޲ƽ֮ɫֱɨһۡ
Ȼصţ٣ˮƾҪ齫߳ţ
ڣˮֻܾԼܣһ˵ˡ
飬֣
ˮһӡȳ֣žȽϽ̸޴ȥ
ϣǺοࣿ
̸޴״׹һȻΪؾǿߣо綾ƾ飬ֵ֣֣ܵȽٴȥţ
ϻ˵Ҫɱȹأ
ˮ߳ӡӰ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬̸޴ѹȥ
ֲƣ˲佫̸޴˶ɫһ䡣
ؾصǿߣо綾ѹȻ̸޴ǿ̫ˣ
̸޴ڵȻʾһо綾ˮƶסƾʲôִϣ
飬ҹ꣡
̸޴һʱһͷɫڹӰ֣ͬһѹ
̸ֻ޴ֻϣƣԶ
⣬ҪȫֵܹˮƵѹ
֣ϣ춯֣
̸޴һҧ˵
֣һԵ˵ͷһдЩҪɱ㣬ʵΪ̫̣Υڹأ
ֱʱ֣һȻ˵ŹûʵĴ󻰣̲סЦ
ϹɱҾ˵Щϻ
ЦǹУһ֣һ
Ӵ󵨣
֣һڸֳŭɫôûϹģ
٣ûеǰ
֣һгŲһʱж𽥸һ˿⡣
ʩչģȻǳƷ似｣
׽һ㶼İʱԲҴ⣬ΪԵģ֮ǰϲߣ߻ףһִϣ
｣Ҷ˪֮ˣ
֣һֽɫȻϮһҶ裬˪Ʈ𣬽һƬ׺֮
֣｣ֱͬ·̫ǿˣ
԰ֻһ㹴ճ⾳ҵҪҪεֵ
֣һЩĵӣһָָ㣬һ߿һ߲ά֣һ
ˮƵĵӣ׳˶³һ˫۾Ǽˮϡ
˵ˮƱȫκˣǰ˺ʦ
³һʼˮƵʱϲԱڣˮƾȻִϴˣ̲סԵǡ
ʱУ֣һĹ｣ȴǸûκѹ
Ϊؾǿߣ۳ܷӳʲô
һЦгǹ趯֮˲ϯء
֣һһ۳⾳һǹֱɢ
һǹ
߸Ծһǹ֣һ
֣һ˸һӱ㵽ȥȻҲⳬƷ似
ʵȷѰҪǿǰȻֻһСˣ
֣һһʱۣһȭͷӰֳ
֣һ飬һü˴Сȭͷ̺ǿҵ⾳һ֣һӸܵѹ
ȻҪ飬ⳡսе˼
ţǹʱͷһǹ
ǹӰأ
ǹӰȻֱ֣һȭͷӰϮȥ
Ҿ㿴ؾǿߣжôǿ󣬺ҲĿˣ
֣һһ֣ȭͷӰǹӰӭ
˲䣬˫Ȼײһ
ǹӰѹ
һʱǹӰƱһӽȭͷӰУ
֣һȭͷӰֻ̺ϣʵǲ̫Զ
ϧǣĻ֣һȻǲһЩ
ˣ̺ƵǹӰȻȭͷӰȫֵ
ʵǲȻصԿ飬Цˣ
ֱǼײʯͷѰ·
ҿ͸øϽ֣ϲҪɱˣ
֣һǼӶʱЦ
Ȼ֮£֣һɫȴ̫ÿ
ΪոһζײȭͷӰȻǹӰֵסˣȴҲһ˿Ѻۡ
Ҳ˵Ȼӵܹǿ
СӣȻ˿ֲնҪնɱڴˣ
֣һ¶ģ׼ʩչǿĽ

׽ѾܹͨӴĴڣĻ޷׽
ԽѰƷ似Ʒ似ﵽһΣ
ʲôʱ֪ȷǣ似ȻȳƷ似ǿֲ
֣һջȭͷӰָ֣
㣬ˣ
֣һһ壬г𽥸ֳһȻڴȭͷӰмȡ
ǣ
ɫ΢䣬֣һ˵˲䣬ܵһֲѹԼ֡
Զһ似
ˮһԣһ̸޴һص˵ʵ֮ģֻǷ似ƷƷƷƷڷ似ķ롣ڷ似֮ϣ鼶似
鼶似һ֣Ȼֻ鼶似ƷȻȴȷĳƷ似ǿö࣡
ˮƵĻһݡ
鼶似
ԭĸ似ڷ似ǾȭĵһԻȪֻǷ似еļƷ似
Ȼǿ󣬵վֻǷ
ô˵ȭĵڶֻأҲ鼶似ˣңһ鼶еļƷ似
һ˲٣⣬ǹصĳǹҲ϶鼶ǹ似ɣ˵ʱ޷֮ϣ鼶ԭˣ


86 ʯ
֣һ񳤽֣ʩչһçç
һҪΪǿ
һݣڵ֪鼶似ж󣬶⣬ؾǿĲڡ
֮ǰ굶ҶҲڼʩչ鼶似ʱ򣬱ԾıɱȻ޷Ҷɱ
Ծ
һʱ˱㱻ǹԾ𣬽ͬʯ֣һ
ǿѹһӽ֣һѹ֮⣬СݵĿ⾳ͬɢ֣һܵĿΪӡ
˫⾳
֣һоԼһͻɫһ䣬Ȼ˫⾳ѹݵ޷
۴ɱ
ֱҧԼָѪ˾ǹϡ
ʱһ·Яžǹ£֣һ񣬱ͬһͷ֮а£Ҫ֣һɣ

֣һؾһصǿߣ㱻˫⾳ƣȻܹʩչ
鼶似˲䱬һȭͷӰ˲һͽ⣬Ϯɱ

˲Ϣһڰ˸Ȼ˲ܿǵͽ⣬漴һǹ֣һͷ
ۣ
֣һһɨʱһǹ۴ֵס
ǹ뽣໥֮˲䱬һֲ֣һ˸Ʒɣˤڵء
ܾˣ
鼶似Ȼ
ǿѪӿ͵վΪ֪վĻⱲӶվˡ
±඼е㱻۵ˣֻܼսȥ
֣һͬأͨ似ֻҲǧƥ֮
ǧƥ֮һǹ£֣һҲܵ˼ǿҵ𺳡
Ҫǣδ似ǿȲ
֣һһζƴУܵ˱һЩ
˫ײƵɣΧ֮һɵˡ
ؾȻ֣һƽ֣Զɣ
ֱ˼飡
ңˮҲѾ֣һʩչ鼶似ġ
Ȼƴ֮󣬻ܹվֱǸ
׳˶³̲סȵĿųС
ǿ
֣ϣ
̸޴һֱˮƵӡѹƣʱ״ʱһ
аһ֣һҲ̫ˣȻһ֮˶
ΨˮƣʱһȻ֪ƾһ֣һԲĶ֡
οǿ似ƺûʩչأ
֣һԱɣܿվ֣һٶȴû졣
ҪǧУйͷ֮ޣ
֣һŭһֳֳҪ
ȻϻʱȴѾ׼ʩչȭԻȪ
֮ٶȣʱҲ
ԻȪһȭ⻯Ȫ֮·
һȭӳһ֮ɵĻȪ֮·˲ռ䣬δ֣һڡ
֣һһӱʧ񣬾䱳ֵȭͷ飬ЩҪɢļ
ȭ۷徳硣
кâһһȭ˵棺ı
۷徳ԻȪһȭȥȪ۾֮·ӻȪ֮ףƻɽ籡
һ˲䣬֣һûվʱ㱻±һɣ

һҽУ֣һдΧ˶̲סëȻ
ˮ֮⣬ȫˣһĿתűֵ֣һ񣬷·ԾĻȪһ㣬Ǳ嵱
ͬصױҽһӽ֣һ֣֣һĲҽûг̫á
ֻһʱ֣һûϢʱǾųΧɢȥ
ǰģһ֮ɵʬ塣
֣һΪһؾһصǿߣִϣȻصȻɱ
ʲôֲ似
һ󲻺񿴹һ
ɱ
ȻʱһԵ̸޴ȴͻȻ
֣һһɲǣ̸޴֪ҪɱĻֻˡ
ڱˮƵӡס޷ǰȥԸ
һֻȽˮƽ˵ˣ
̸޴ԭҶˮƶ֣ȻڣΪҪɱѾһжȥˡ
ȻˮҪɱɱˮƣ
ڳΪˣ
̸޴ͨ죬ɢѪĹâҹˮƵĴӡԿˮһȭȥ
ʱˮƣо綾ûз
Ĵӡ飬̸޴ҹһ𣬸޷ס̸޴۵Ρ
ϣ
״ʱһҪܹȥԮȻһӿһѪ̲ס˳
ǹһȾѪȻڵʩչȭһδع޷ʱʩչ۴
ֻҪٹһʱ䣬ˮƿ¾ͻᱻ̸޴ɱ
ʦ𣡡
ڴʱһŭ֮Աߴȫ
һ۵׳˶ӰͬʸһɿĴйȫֻƬ̱ȥˮƵĸǰ
ӰһźŭˮƵĵӣ³
ȻֻصΪȻȴԥĵˮǰҪ̸޴ƴ
³ںĵеҲŵʮѣȻܺؾ̸޴
̸޴ҹ飬ˮƵĴӡס³Ҳûл̸޴Ŀܣ

̸޴УʱֳһĨ֮ɫһȭӳءޣǳƷ似ޣ
Ȼ̸޴ֻԸ³ڽ³նɱ֮϶Ҫʩչ鼶似ܽˮնɱġ
³̸޴һȭޣ޾⣬һŭ⣬ȵҪԸҲܣʦ֣ǱǱţɱңҲˣ
⻰Ǽ̸޴ԣ۶Ѫ֮ɫȥɣ
һȭޣЯϣ˲㽫³У
ʯ
³һ̧֣ʱһʯʯȴδ۳ʯǽͬһ㣬ȫǡ
ʯǵ³ʱͬһʯӭϮ̸޴
ǣʯ
³ľٶ˶Ϊ𾪣
ʯΪƷ似Ϊţ˵Ҳˡ
ȻУܽʯģȴܾûгֹˣ³ôĵһ
似һ;Сɣ۷Բ֮󣬻гȻ
ЩҲ似۷壡
似۷壬뻯κ似һ˻ͻȫɱһ似
򵥵˵ǿƿظ似ֵ⾳
ʱ³ˣһ֣ʯʯװԼֱײһϮ۵̸޴

̸޴Ѫ˿֣һȭȥʱ˻Ϊʯ³ϣޱƶʱȻ


87 ޴
̸޴һȭޣһֲڻΪʯ³ɢ
ھʯĺȻУ³ź󷽵ɿȥʯɢ
̸޴һȭޣ³ȫǵľʯɷ飡
Ȼʯǵ³Ȼδܵʲô˺ȴֳɫȻǷħ֣
뻯ķ似ʯϷħ֣Ȼ³ֵס̸޴Ŀֲһȭ
Ϊصޣ³ܹһ㣬ѾԺˣ
ԦʯҲ
³ҧأεɿȥ˫ȴǿ趯ʱڶʯ̸޴ڴϮȥ
ʯҪ̸޴סȥ˺ˮƷֺ
סңĴΣ
̸޴ŭһ漴ٴһȭһţʱֲܣЩҪʯȫ÷飬ΪңƮɢڿУ
ƾ³Ҫס̸޴ȷǳ˵Ρ
ֻҪסһʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣ
һԵһѾ˹漴ܵоǹԼͨ
ˣˣˣ
žǹԵȫΪ֮
۴ɱ
ǹһᣬŲ̤ͬһһ㳯̸޴֮۹ȥ
һǹһ֮һɭֹϢ˳ƽ³׵̸޴ɫ΢䡣
֣һƴˣʱȻܹʩչǿǹ
СӲضѣ
̸޴ϴ𾪣漴֮ɫ֣ܺãұɱ㣬Լ
£תƺҪʩչʲôǿ似
̸޴ʩչ鼶似ôڵ޷ֵΪͺ֣һӲƴˣٶƴһεĻ»һˣ
Ȼȴû
ֳ־ǹгǹѪϣףǹʹùġ
ǹǬǹ
Ҹ׳ʱ򣬿϶һδɣ
ţҧأžǹǿѹȫ߶һǹ۴̳·о֮ӰӸڰУ

һ·ԾģӸԺףһǹжôǿ
ʯٸҲ
ʱ³һεʩչ뻯ʯ似һƬʯ̸޴Ϯȥ
ٿ˶ľʯ³źǵͨ죬Ϊ˾ʦˮƣʱҲǰʲôȥˡ
ֻҪס̸޴Ƭ̣һǹɱ̸޴סʦ
³ľ̸޴ޱȷŭȻȴһʼ͵͹³Լʵ
ǿ̸޴ܹ³Щʯ
ޣƣ
̸޴һȭ裬ʱޣʯһλΪ촷ۣ
Ȼʱͨ似۴ڵ
һǹϮ̸޴ͬ˾ĻȪ֮£˶е㲻
ȥ
̸޴ŭһŲ΢ʱŲһ̻ε棬㿪һǹͬʱһȭ
鼶似Ƕ֮ȭ
ˮһԹ۲ţʱɫصѣǶ֮ȭһȭ𶯶ֵĻǣöȣʱ޷ʩչκ似ģ
Ȼ鼶似
һݣ״Ҳ룬оǹ̸޴ڴһ˳ȥ
ȥ
ǹЯ֮ƣת˲̸޴ǰ
Ƕ֮ȭƣ
̸޴¶Ѫ֮ɫһȭֱӺֵľǹ
Ȼȴһǹ
Ȼǹ֣Ȼʱľǹȴ۴Ŀֲһ֮۴
һǹ֮ǰ֣һƴһǹͣٶȸ죬ƻǿ
Ȼ֣һƴʱ򣬱ľͽ⡣
ڣ̸޴ǿǶ֮ȭǹƴ
˫ǿж
һ̸̣޴һȭ˾ǹǹ֮ϣʱһ̸ֲ޴ɫӵ½ǶƷ
һǵĲΧӿȥһӲ˸սǹ
䣡䣡
ֻо￪ʼϵ𵴣ͬ˽࣬Ȼ޷ʩչκ似
Ƕ֮ȭһȭǣöֶʱ޷ʩչ似
Զ³ԼΧŵˣͬһǶ֮ȭĲ壬κ似ʵս
Ȼ̸޴ԼҲܣ
һǹ۴ԶԶһǹϮ󲿷һȭɢȻ˺ü
̸޴оྭһεһɹȫŰ
֮ʼʴľ
ҪʱǶ֮ȭл̸ָ޴ͬҪʱȥڵľ֮
ʱûжȻ̸޴ȥھ֮ʱ򣬶Ŀʱ
һԵˮƣ׼ʱ߶ӡһӽҹѹ͵ش֮£ҹ龹Ȼ׻
ؾأؾһأʵ̫ˡ
̸޴ˮƶƴ飬֡
ѹ
ţˮƲٿӡ̸޴һƽ٣·̩ɽѹһ㣡
̸޴ƴҪ룬Ȼʱ߶±ѩսѥһѩ˲Ϯ̸޴ĽŲᡣ
Ȼʱ޷ʩչκ似ȻϹıѩսѥȴǿԴ߶
ѩ֮£̸޴жһͻһӱˮƵӡѹƣȫ뵤֮ϵϡ
飡
̸޴˫ϥأˮƵӡĿѣ
Ҳģɱҵӣȥ
̸޴֮Ķ
ҾڵãȴҪɱңеڵ
侲ʣ㣬ǲУֻܹԹɱڵ
⻰һΧ֮˶˽̸޴ָָ㡣
ȷոˮҲ˵һʵʵ֮£ΥŹȡ
̸޴Ϊ䱨𣬾ȻȻˮƳֱ֣ɥĲ
Σ
̸޴̧ͷЦɱҵӣΪʲôʦƾʲôһʦ㡪
ƺҪ˵ЩʲôȻһ̣һɫշɶɶһӺ̸޴ؿڣ̸޴һٺ顣
һϮ̸޴
첨ɣ
˶ϳһ似ųǰɫϮ֮ȥ
ȴһźɫµ꣬ⲽϹ޵ЦݣںĵӵһˣУ
һ̣Ѷ̸޴
Ҳָܹ֮ٳɱ̸޴Ȼиȴǽʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
Űɣ
ˣ˵һ䣬תߣ
ʦߣ
һԺ³ϲأæǰˮƷ
ǰǹ
̸޴Ժһ£ⳤǹûκ٣ɼƷʾԲ
似Ϊ似鼶似ôսҲǷΪ鼶ɡǹ鼶սֲ֮ǿ
ţžǹ˲кˮƣŶȥ
ΧΧ֮ˣһǴû»Ľ֣ؾִϣȻ
ң˵
ĵӵһ˲ˣɱ̸޴˻ȥţӦҪʲô˰ɡ
°֮󣬾ֺһ֣УЩʲô
ˣԴ˼ɻ󣬲źܿ죬ͻף


88 
ˮơ³һ𣬸沽гڷ첽ȥ
֣һļĵӣԼ̩ĸϲߣԶԶ
һһʼ·ĵӣһ
Щڵӣۼ֣һ̸޴ؾִ϶սÿ˶ֲս𾪣
Ȼȴ᷽ܽսУԼڵĲ֮
ҵĻ̫ˣؾǿ߻һξ룬ơ
ţ֮⣬ҵٶҲˣȽСɾĻһ£ܿ
ٶȣζһսĹؼ֮һ
ȻܹʩչԾսʱԾȴǲ̫ʡ
ˣֻǿᣬָָ㣬˽
ԼԼøǿ
⣬ѰĲ֮ͬʲôʱرģԼʵΪҪĿꡣ
֮飬ٹעǺ׽֮˵飬ˮơ糤裬ֻ躮
躮ԼǰɽׯҲ쵽ˣ¶Ҳȥˡ
̧꣬ͷǰ
ڲ
³ˮƣǸʦͽòвٻҪ˵
³Ȼ˵ֶԸ̸޴ʱ³ȴȻżĿУЩӡ
࣬δףˮҲδʲô
Ȼܿ죬֮˶֪࣡
ʦ֣
ܿ죬һ·صڣӭڵӡ
ЩӣһжűӺͲмΪУǸڵĶԾ϶Ҫɱֱ֣޳
ʦ֣ɵúãȻǵץס
ڱץסˣҲȻˣڣɲʲôﶼģ
һȺһ߹άУһʹ·вĳһ㡣
Щˣûᡣ
вڣЩ˳˻ˣˣƤӣЩʲô
ȫǣ
ˮҲûгȴһһ߹۲ı̬ûȥΧЩˣɰԵͷ
ӣ־ᶨ£ûܵӰ죬ʵѵã
ˮƶۣһ㡣
óʱˮʱ˿̣Ǿֹˮ
ױȵ츳Ϊˣδ̫£
Һã˲ųڣΪڵĵӣ
ǰĲУۼڵӵĹάԼڮ٣аһһȺ
ȴδ˵ʲô
ΣֻҪһվû˸Խ벽˵Խȥˡ
ʦ佡ĳһڵȺʦܣϣһȥɡ
˵һ仰ʼգҲǰ˵һ䡣
ˣױ˼ԲΪ˱ץģ
⻰һΧ˶ɲ
дʦֵĿƺ˰
ǰô£
佡ĳϣѾˣѵ˵佡ĳҪùˣ
˰Բ²⣬׷ÿһ·
Ȳк˾֮ٷ׷׸ںͷĺϷ˭Ը
ʱڿʼˡ
ʲôǸȻһֵ֮λؾִϣ
ôܣСӣضѣܶԿ飡
˵ǣס֣һ̸޴λϣִϵɱ
˵˵͸ˣֻǸĵӣɱִϣõ
˵̳У鱻񣬷зô˶ˡ
Ͼ˵֪У֮ˣǾԲܻؾǿߵģ
ؼʵΣֻܿȻд˵ٿô˵ˣ
һһڵӭܿڲк󣬾͸ڵӣĿڲУɽ·µˮйͨ
ûãһɽƽ̨ǰ
ɽƽ̨֮ϣһֺΰĵýһ˾͸ܵһ취·˶С

ڵģҲֻзµʱŻټŵӡڶ೤Ͼۼڴˣˡ
ʱ˸沽С˭֪ڿҪˣ
ô£ǸˣҪĻҲûҪɣ
ȺУһЩ˵
֮꣬ǰܵҵĸ࣬С
ԣһŻҰײ׳˶꣬˺Ȼǰܸĺĵӵҡ
ҺˣǺŸȺû˵Ǿ仰ʱ˿̣Ȼ֪Ϊ˵ġ
ʱң׹˸ųе
ȻŻˣˮƴˣңȻŲɺʦƻеĲһ
ô룬ڵû˵ʸ
Уˮһǰͣ˽Ų
³ͣ
˵ΧѾнһǧڵӾۼһųָָ㣬۵ģȻ
Ͼ˴¼Уǵ֮ǣ
Ϊˣ˵˵նɱؾִϣ㹻Ϊ֮еĽ㡣
˶µˣû򵥣ڣлǽˡ
Ϊ佡֮ǰʵ̫ɹˡ
ϻԲѣ°ͼı죬ϰڵӶۼ֤УҪβܹϴˢ
ܿҪˣ
ʦͽˣ
վǰ˵
仰һƷεӣһ۰׳ĺӣⲽ˳
ǰߣȻ٣СӼѾı־
ߣǳϸʮ֮һ佡ģ䳤ϣ
ʱ佡ģϴźɫһ߳̾ͽ
󵨱ͽǱ֮ãȴվӲŵƲã
佡һˣָ˵
һʱ佡ĹֿģͷˣȻ֪ͶϵʵѾˮ֪ˡ
дˣһ佡ĵĻʱһݡ
ȻҪˣƺһ
˶ʱҪ֧佡ģͬʱָЩУͰкң
Ȼ治ҪɱԼжϣʵǸ
ҿӦýնɱڣ飬»ᷢ
ֱӽɱ˰ɣҿûеıҪ
У˶Ŀ˳е٣Ͼһ֮ʲô飬ܹоȨġ


89 ˭
һҪƲãһ߽ĿͶٵʱ򣬰ȴ΢΢һЦ
һСӣдЦ⣬۵ˮơ
ϣ˭ˣ룬Ϊˣ
ЦųԵ佡üͷ΢壬Ըֳһ˿⡣
ոͰ٣˵һ㽫ƲãҲʾͬ⣬ȻڣΪ˵
ŰϵЦ⣬佡ĺȻоԼпǱһƭˣ
Ȼȴˮܹʲô
ڳϸнߣô̵ʱڣɼײݣˮƻָǣȴõóʲô֤ݣ֤Ĺᡣ
ֻһλ棬Ǵλĵطһͷߵʬ塣
ͷߣޣȻɱ˵ʱˮƲڸŶԡ
佡Ȼ֪ǵ˹ؼʱ̡
ĿͶˮƣֻҪˮûóֵ֤ݣ佡ľ;Բκ飡
ֻҪܳŹһأˮƣûл·
ǧ˿ڵĲӰ綾ٹᶾ̶ʱڣȥĶҵ޻ʻ
佡ߣͬһˮƣ
ʱ˿̣֮ǧڵӣȫһھʹ¼ļһļɱô
ҪҪ°ˮƵĻˮʲô
⣬ڳ֮˶֪ģ
˭ˣ룬ڳڵӣΪˣҪ°ߣͼ죡
ˮۣȵվţŲæ˵һ䡣
ѵⲻʵ𣿡
佡һȵˮƣҿ֪ϵŵһϣһֱЩԹ壡
⻰Щɻ¶ôֳϵȥˣ
ϵţͬΪƹߴ֮һڳڵӣȻ˵Ҳİ
벻ˮƳϾȻϵһĳг
гΣ
ˮ˿ûżµʵ
ˮƣ˴ΣҪ㡣
佡һ˵ţһҵĵ֮£İף
⻰һȫȻ
ȻǶϵųİףҪɱˮƳϵģ
ӣϣ
Ȼ֮ˣݺڳϣﲻ갡
벻֮ˣǰֳһţ˭֪Ǹ
˷׷׳ŭĿӣ

ԣˮƵĵ³ͬŭĿԲһ۵˹㾹ˣʦɱ㣡
츳Ҳ壬ֻϧӲ̫ʹ
һۡ
˵ʲô
³ӷŭۿžҪ֣ǰˮȴһۻصɹ
ˮһһɣ³ʱ綷ܵĹȥҲҶ˵һ仰ˡ

ʱһŮ볡УţһӰȺг˳ڴ۶
֣
ͷһ
Ȼһͷͼ첽ɫӰϽɫۡ
Щ죬ֿɵĻˣ
ܰһֱȰοµģȴǿƲסΪǡ
ղһ˵ˣȲ˹ȴ佡ǹ˶ϵŵĳ
⣬ǱŵĴҲͳ˽
㣬ĹǸ
ܵߣ޺һۡ
أ
ʡ
ҵȻ㣬ġ
һ˵ҪȻҲߣǻᱻĳЩ˵ͬ

޻˵
ǣʿɶֹˡ
佡ĳȵ
ڴʱȻŮܳԣΪѣоǷǳˬֱǴ佡ĵ
㹴ϵųŵϴӦĵҩΪ
佡һ۵ȵ㣬
Ц˭֪͸ҿ
һЦ㵹ǰǸʿ
㾹ִԲ򣬻
佡һȷ֤ݣǿ̹״ӿǵҽ֤ݰڳⱳ֮ͽɾֻ·һˣ
֤ݣ˦ɱл
£ֱ佡ģ̹̹
뱾˵ɼų֮ģ֮ˣպʲôɾͣҲ֮
佡ɫԽԽ䣡
벻ƾһųϣȻ岻סһصŵӣ
ող˵֤𣿡
佡ľתƻ⣬Цһʵ֤أóĪҪ˵ţڳ佡ģɾͳ˸ֻµҿЦ
⻰һȫԾ
˭û뵽ȻϬԴǣ佡ĵӣ
Χڵӣԭûģʱ׷׶ã군ˡ
ܹӹһ٣ڵĺĵӣΣ
ڵ佡ģȡĵӽʱ򣬻֪ôĵѣ
˷׷׾ãʵ̫Ȼ佡˵
ȴ֪޿֡
佡˶Ҫ÷ӽڳϸʼͻû˵ŵӣ
ǰһ֤ˣ֤ԶϵţǶϵźĵӵһˣ
ֻҪ棬֤໥ᣬôɡ
Ȼ佡е벻ͨǣôû
Ǻǣ
ʱˮƾʱˣЦһ
һ߽ӡȡһ˵֤ݣͷﵹУȴǹ֤ݣǡ
£㽫ӡ飬ʱһƬͷ۳һƬͼ
ͼ֮УΣԶһٲ
ٲ·һͶߵʬ嵹ںӱߣţӰͬʱ˺ӱߡ
佡ģ
佡֪̾鱩¶ˣԭڵøڣôҲ벻ʱʱˮƾԱߣӡ
ãߣ
佡֪̾ãŲһ㳯һҪܣ
ٶԴȴ׼
С
һ
ȥ
ˮԵĲУ˲жµһӥӰ֡
һӥণʱȫ
ӥѹ
һ׷Ҫܵ佡ģӥںƣһӳ佡ѹȥ
˾ͷ
ⲽеʵȻǿᣬȻҶȥ׷ϸĳϣ佡ģ
֮ǰȻ֪кǿҲûȻǿز
תһ룬ھնɱؾһصִϣΪںĵӵһˣ״ӣܶԸ佡ҲǴˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼڹעˮӡеĳ
ܿ죬Ǳף˭ˣ
佡ģų佡ģȻϵųҪɱˮƳϣһм޻ֱЫ
һʱ֮䣬˶ĿͶһԡ
佡ı¶Ҫܣѵƾһ֮£
ĵӵһˣеʵҪչֳ


90 ׮
˵ĿУһ̤ӥӰǰ㼲۶£ϮӴܵ佡ġ
һںޱǿѹվڲԶоһϢ
Уϣ佡ģӦöؾصǿߣ
а룺ؾ֪ΪأһʼҲǴӵһصءؾ֮ˣҪԸؾһ֮ˣֻǻּ£ͬضԸһһ򵥡
ͬΪؾصǿߣ໥ʵҲԶ
磬ǰ׷Ĳк佡ġ

佡ĿѣоȻ׷ʱڱ۳һͷѹ֮Ӱ⣬佡ĵ顣
ҵĻ鲻ͬĶǻ飬佡һͷѹ֮
飬ʲ֮ͬǰ׿ڵ佡ģڲ۵ӥƺǲһ
ӥѹ
Ƕ֮ȭ
ο첽УӥӰ˲併ٵ佡ıѹ֮ϡ
һӥণһХͬʱ
ţѹ֮ӥѹȻӽɢ
ʱеһȭҲѾˣǶ֮ȭһȭǣ
佡ĻҪִֵ֮䣬ȴ޷ʩչʲô似ֵҲѾӥѹסҪʩչ似˲ܵ顣
ȭ䣡
м򵥵һȭشƣֱ佡һȭƴű佡ߵķݣ˶ˤ˳ȥ
еȴΡȻ̩ɽɼʵ࣡
ʦҲ
ǰ޷ʩչκ似佡˻Ȼ˰ǰ
ʱ˿̣ˮƵӡպ÷ŵ
һƬˮߣ佡ĺϣֱ뿪һƬӡеĳ佡Ķݡ
ƾоݣ佡ӣ
佡ģڵĳϣ֪
پӸ£򱻲ˣѹס佡ģʵ
佡һ׺ݣƺҪѣȻȴӲеѹƣϷŲһȭھ𣬴ʱ˿̣Ѿûʲôж
ǲˣô׮У
̧ͷܣǧڵӣ漴㿪ڣ佡ĵ׮С
һ׮佡ģΪڳϣȴݵӺаԵڰռڹطŵ򣬴Գ֮Ȩݰ֮
⻰һȺв˶ֳƿ죡
ò˵Ұռڹһˣü£ˣòźĵӸŭԡ
ŰУȫˬ죡
ڶ׮Ը佡ģշȥѰײݡ޻ʻˮƳϣȻȴʱ䣬Ϊͬţ֮
˵仰ʱ򣬰ԭȻҲֳһĨɱ⣡
Ȼ佡ĵΪһֱֻҪ㣬֮ǰûгԡ
ҿ׼ǰ֮ԨɼҩģƳɵ
ٵ˵
仰ԭȺûгֵİϣźӣһЦ˹
һðƳɵ
ԭϾڵʦֲõʱʥҩҽң
Ȼ
ңپͲһУð׼˵ҩˮƵǡ
һװŵҩСƿӸˮơ
ˮֽסŰϸлһЦ漴СƿҲǷĽⶾҩһڱ㽫ҩȥ
λ֮ΣΧڵӶݣ
⣬Ҳ佡𾪵Ųŵɫ
ˮƣȻ˽ⶾҩ
٣ͽƳɵٳûиˮƷãΪ˽˾
Ҳ̫գ
佡ȴ룬³ȫҵĶѡ
׮
ٵͷ佡ģʧ֮ɫΪڳϣ佡ģ㹴ϵųöϵźĵӶǱ볤ϸͼϮɱˮƳϡˣŵҪѣΪ֮
֮
ĸһڣ佡Ķʱҡ
չأڵӡϷ֮ôҪϳΪڣ
鵤ҪԶ𣿡
佡ģ˵
Ҹƴˣ
佡ļģ֮ɫʱ𣬳Űһȭɱȥ
ִԲ򣡡
һСһƲ־һ£
Ȼ
һֲѹ佡ĳУţһ˾ͳǹڰٱ֣⣬ٵ飡
ʱ۾
˾ͳǹ飬֮ǰ鶼ͬ飬ȫֻӰȻ˳ǹȴ·ʵ壬ͷųѹҲЩӰǿö࣡
⣬ؾ֮ϵľ
ܹʵ廯ӶҲѱ˻
һ޵ʵʵķԾ
ֲãܹһ֮ǿ϶ǱѰϸǿġ
ͳǹʵʱ佡ѹơ
佡ۣ޷һһֻĿŰһԼĵ֮ϡ
ۣ
͸佡ĵĵﱻһ飬Ѫɳȥˤˮƺ˵ǰ
㣬ѷϣӴˣڣûع飡
佡ģѾڵĳϣ
״ȺУȻȥ˱һֱԹ۵ҺС
佡ĵĵӣȻ佡ʱҸûҪ˼ԶԶģ½Լǣȥ
佡ûϵȻǺĵӵ
̩ѾˣôұܳΪĵӵպɾͣȻ
ȴ֪ΪȫһЩ˿
ûãͻᴫѪ۳ۿųԼʦ𱻷ϣȴһֶ˵ԶԶ˿
УΪ佡ĸе
ϵţϴ
ڴʱͨɽ·ϣһͨţȺбóһ·˽ϵŵϴ
ͷȥȴüڳϸĳϣȻͬʱһ۸߸ѹţ𽥳
ˮƵӡУ˶ˣ۸߸ӣǶϵųϣ
ʱ˿̣ڶ೤סƷ
һȥͼλ֮У꣬ϺȻС
ͬǰٵĵӣڲǺĵӣΪ˳ϸһԱ
Ҳ֪Ͳеʵǿ
Ȼһ㣬ҲֻЩˣҪģ̽кǿδ⣡
ϾǶϵŵĳϣ佡һõĻƺ̫׵
룬Ҳǳ롣
٣δ
ڶ೤ѹŵȫûκλţУͥŲȻ޿֣ڽץס
ǲţڵ˻ҶΣ
ı󣬿Ƕϵţţ


91 ľ
ܿ죬ڳϵѹ£˰ǰ
ͷһ۱ϵΪ佡һۣЦһǺֶΣַгϣ
岻ʲô£
ٵ˵ȴûϣ۵ľͳǹʵ壬Ȼš
ʱ˿̣ǰһ֣ǹʱ
ʲô
ɫһ䣡
óǰƺֵӣȻôң
ǶϵŵĳϣϵţҲôʮ϶ѣһһ
ϵžڿпڴս
ʲô
¶֮ɫҵʸ£Щһֱڸǻʲôɱڳϣ
٣ˣ
ЦˣֻΪɼһЩҩݣ֮£һδ
Ȼˣ˭ڳϸ֣ˮ֣
µʵ
ǶϵźĵӣΪҪңȥ¶޹ء
ˣ˵
Ȼ⻰븽ڵӶУȴԵ˵Ĳ԰
ˮƵӡѾʵ඼ˣ˵ʲô޷ҪˮƲУ
𣬴˷ˣȴС
ٵȻһЦ漴һ֣һɱϢӾͳǹϴ˲佫ź۵С
ң
״ɫ䣡
кβң
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ԴŲŵɫһǹ˲䴩͸ǰأ඼
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ˣͶȥ۵Ŀ⣬вڹ죬һ˼Ʒҩ鵤
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̬꣬ͦΣһƵӣУֳŨŨм
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˵ͷ˶Էݡ
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ؾһ۷壬Ϊ磬ǵȷſʱ躮ӦǲʵľŶԡ
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һת
ʱ˵ɣͬΪڵӣӦһ¶Ŷԡ
ľ۾ս⸡֣˵ɽׯرػǸ󶼵õϢֱвٸǰȥǵĶ֣ҪǲػǸǿߣ
ľʦĿԶ磬
ЦŹά
Ҳ飬۽ȻҲѰ֮˲ͬˣͱ˵
ľά൱ãЦС޿ҪǰɽׯᱦҲ֣ҲҪվûˣ
֮⣬ҲֻľܱסпܵõЩôˣ
ԴˣδΪöľ˵úܶԡ
ţɽׯǼرؾǿ󣬲ػǸţǰĻҲȻĴڡ
֮ˣҪرǳ룡
뿪ˮƱҲŵ³뿪
Ȼ˽ⶾҩˮƻҪϢһӣܹȫָ
ϣҲϿȻȥ
תߣȻЩˬȴҲ֪ڵҪûʲôʱġ
п뿪һЦ漴Ҳת뿪
ҪʱУγأ
Ҫ˵Ŭоκ٣
ڣһ𶯾ˣȻų佡Ϊϣڣڵı仯Ҳ֮
ٴڹȣʱڹȣȻļһռˣ
ڹ죬ܲΪܳɣôؾһصǿߣҾ˱ʤİա
ţһ̤취ڹ֮У


92 ϽŸ
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Ϊƽ󡱣ɼ¥ƽʱдĿˣȫǷǸѰƻʳǵޣûʸС
ʱڻƽϽŸУһŽɫлˣݻλϣŮĴż
ˣȻԸ׿
׿ԴƹĴ֮һңȻʸϽŸУʵķ
ʱһ˴æĽŲϽŸ֮⴫һӣܽǸСӣϢˣ
˺Ȼϣʳҵĵӣ
Ȼ׿Ϊĵ飬ڽϽŸ֮ǰһ
Ͼ֪׿λŮϽŸУ˭֪ǲʲôҪ飿
ɡ
׿һ飬λϲ֮ɫ
ʱصΪܽˣֱˡ
֮׿һֱҪɱϴˢ裬ȥڴ̽
ڣڳˣ׿ܲ˷ܣ
ӣҼǰȥڣڴСӵϢ
Ŷ룬Ůһԣ㲻ͷĻ˻֣ȳȥҪҪ

׿ȲҪ֪ϢҲźһ䡣
ū澸ˡ
Ůæͷæ뿪ϽŸ
ֻʣ׿˵ʱ׿ԣվŵӣˣȻǴСɽׯġ
ɽׯ
׿׹һ
ɽׯȻֻǹŴƹһƬСļ塣
ɽׯûһǿߡ
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ɼ˼ϸ壬뵽˻̽ݣͷų˵ɽׯ
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Ȼԣ϶άֲ˶ãԶһʱ䣬Ͷలȫһʱ䣬һ¶鷳
ʵϣϴһ㣬ȥسǲ̽һµĻ׾֪ɽׯ֮ˡ
ϧʱ׿ѹ鶼Ǳسǣ϶ȥسǲ̽ˡ
ȷ̽鵽Ϣʵ
׿üͷ΢塣
ͷֱǰڴ̽ϢõĽ۶ˣӦôˡ
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ǵʱسǣ֮ΪλάǷ
׿о̫Ծӡ
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ӣȥ죡
Ϲ˵꣺һҰź֣Ǳһǰɽׯ
ˣȻȥһˡ
׿ҡҡͷر˵ؾ֮˶мǿΪ⣬һȥʹŹܼңûпһͬǰ
⻰һ϶ʱһĨɫ
Źܼң
˭֪ʳҵĹܼҹźղǽʵĴ֣
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С˵һ䣬۲׿ɫ
׿ȻҵˣҲǵϵֻǸ츳㲻ϵӵܣܼҹźղνһΰˡ
ƾϵ׿ƺûʲôźղһ
Ҫ֪źղǴƹһ֮ôڶ񲻹ܣȥһ׿
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׿⻰ɫŹܼҲǰֻҪҰҲ㹻˵ģ
ǣǣӣȥ֪ͨǱˣ룡
ϼæĵЦݡ
׿ƽһ飬뿪ϽŸ󣬳ҵķȥ
ɽׯر־ڱصã

ʱ˿֪׿һΰˣҪȥɽׯҪˡ
ڣڹ֮УŴŨ취򣬲ϵգܣԼƻһδ
ʱ䣬˺ܴ
ʩչƣ֮ǰɣҲѾΪʱԶֻǻһ
š
ΪѵãҪܹġ
ֻ֪ĻҪ򼸺ǲܵ顣
ȥߣҪôսҪôĳЩصľۣпͻȻ򣬻ߣĦһЩǿߵսҲ
ڣܹģҲֻаһˣ
٣ȷǷ򣬱Ͼǰ·ڵģԭֻǴƹķȻͬ
ô˵ʱѹʱǰɽׯˡ
뿪ڹȣȻȥѡһƥɽׯڵķȥ
ͬʱУľҲֱɽׯڶȥ
ƻʳУ׿ؾһΪ࣬ͬɽׯ
ţյɸ봫飬׿вǰɽׯ˵Ҫᵽر͸
ȥĻ׿ͻǰسһˣȥҷ糤鷳
׿˵˲ٶҸײʱٴԴвֱ޳ܡ
ȴܲȥ
Ҳһ̤ǰɽׯ·;
ڷ֮󣬺һ˳ǰɽׯˣвУŮŮһޡ
źĵؾڶصǿߣлҲڴʱǰɽׯ
ɱã˳Ҳñˣ
л޵¶һĨѪ֮ɫ
֮⣬ػǸ󣬴ƹߴŵţҲԵõرϢٺĵӷ׷׳
һʱ֮䣬ɽׯ


93 ɽׯ
ͨɽׯһ·ϣŮӲУɽׯȥ
ǰͷŮԼĪ˫ʮ껪һ׺ɫװĵߣճһκ˶Ϊ֮
ϿȥȴŮվѩ׶Ͼ޿ޣ˿һ˫ͬǳ鶯ʸ߹Ӣޡ
䣬ѳɫ̽ɫڽ֣ȻһͬѰս
𰣬ƹߴ֮һǸĵӣ츳ߣʮ꣬ȴѾ̤ؾڶأ
ΪʳϣҲǻʳһǣڻʳűĵطһ֮һ
ŮӣȻҲòǰĺŮȴǲ˲١
ʦ㣬˵ȥɽׯ᲻Ī
Ůӣһƺڻʲôһѯ𰣬ϸֳΡ
Ůӣţؾһأʵͬףʦá
㲻Ҫһ쵽Ī
𰵭һЦæúܣйɽׯɹٴνǴƹľŴ֣ͱǰɱˡ
ô˵ɽׯ̫Ƭûʲôʦˣ
ǰһһУ˴ƹŴ֣ʦ˵ǿˣ
ǵǲ˵
ҡͷϣ츳֮˱ȱȽǣңŵʹ½Ҳ㲻ʲô򲻿ɽ
ǡ
ž죬Щͷ˵Ȼ뵽ʲô漴һתʦ㣬˵иںţз
ţ

˵ںſһֱڮʦ㣡
ź޺޵֮ǰʶһŵĵӣǼһϲʶʦ㡣һ죬Ȼ˵Ǹ裬аԵҲŮˣ
裬аԵʺڵ𰣬ζϵһ
⣬ȻںŶڮˡ
ԣ΢΢һЦǻСʱˣҵ۸ѾǸüˡֻϧѾͷȴһֱ顣
ʦ㣬ôڮ㣬㻹ǸҲ̫˰ɣ
Щ벻ס
ϾСʱ۸ȣǸҲûʲô
νһЦѾͷһֱΪĿ꣬ҪԽء
У볬Խʦ㣬Ρ
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ˣɲֻһ
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ޡ
ͷȴţʦ㻹ڲͬס
ٽƹҵĵӣܵõĴ࣬ǽɾͷɻڴҶҪ
ҪٽŮʳǾƣ
벻ٽʦ㶼ֱۣԲϲҲ֪ҪʲôˣŻʦۣ
һţһ߸ǰС
ɽׯĿܿǰ
һ಻Ⱥɽɽȴ͸һľ޷
ɽϣȫǻҰɫʯһɫĵ׺
ɽׯλɽλãƻɽҳԿʯ
Щʯ߽ܹƳսҪǱ쳤ǹսŸһЩ޾ŵʿ
ɽׯôһƫƧڣʮ㣡

ԲУڳĵ죬ɽׯ
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뽨ȺһȥٿڽԿʯװȥһһĿͳɽׯѺǰʳǡ
Щ󹤣ÿڶѾʴȻƽʱûʲôӰ죬ȴÿ˶ٻʮ꣬ʮ꣡
벻ƹĵط
üͷ΢壬ŽȺȥ
躮ĸУ˵ҸֱۡǰҸۡ
һ·ϣٴƹŵޣɽׯѲ顢ලЩ޽ʿල󹤣Ǽල֮˵һһ
⣬Ǵƻڴƹʼռͳελ
֪躮ôˡ
ܿλɽׯҸۡȻ
̧ͷһҸۡسǵķҸۡһЩǽڶܺʵΪ˾ܶ赲һЩ֡
Ҹۡſڣվģһ˹
أ
һΪԭеɫ̾ͱˣæӭ
λӣɽׯˣ
һһŵʵ
ҸۡŵģҲأصΪʱһصǿ٣ܲţ
躮𣿡
ʵ
躮
˶һۣӶԷпһ˿졣
ڣλӣҴȥ躮
һС˵ţ漴˸Ķ
˵ͷҸۡ
躮Σ
룬һ䣬Ϊ˵躮ֵʱ޵ıƺе֡
Ŷһμ֮ӣһμѾȥʮˡ
һߴ·һ߽ʵӣ躮Ĺϵ
Ȼ㲻ݣҺ˵
躮ĺѡ
˵
ԭˡ
Ȼ˿ҲȻЩ躮үЩ꣬ҹÿɲãһμһμǿѹãѣ뿪ɽׯǰڣ
ã
һЩ֣û˵躮иõġ
֮ǰ躮үɽׯȴֻܺסڲԺʹȥ
˵˵Ҳ֣躮үģǵˡ
ˣ
û˵ʲôȴ˼ѵͶľˣ
ܿ죬ˣҸۡһƫƧĲԺ
ԺλҸۡĽ䣬յӦǼ֮ľסĵطȻڣ躮ȴֻܴסƫƧĲԺ
һԺĻ֪躮ɽׯ϶òá
ˣ躮ȴȻҪ̫׺ɢҸۡɼлǺҵġ
ӣɣ躮үͷСȸˣ
Ժſڣ˵ת뿪ˡ
һ̤Ժһ۳ŲԺеȥȻѾвȻª˵ҲΪǢ
躮³
һۿλˣԼһһŮûͶľ
Ц̤ãһӾ˵Ŀ⣡


94 ̫Ƭ
û뵽³ȻҲˡ
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ʡ
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躮Ц˵漴ƺ뵽ʲôüͷ΢塣
ֻȴ̫ʶô˵Ҫľֱǰر֮мһ·
³ĺϣŭ֮ɫȻͶľûǳˬ
ǹһľ
ƾʲôƲ躮
ˣ³ʦ֣һ㹻ˡ
躮һЦ³
Ҳԡ
³ҲˬһЦЩ羴Ŀ⣬
Դǰʦˮƻصڣ뺦ʦ佡ġ֮ͼΪĳ羴
ʮˣ̤أѵã˵أһء
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ʱҲʵһֻ֣Ļһ;ע߲˶Զ
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ӣúҼֱһģ̳ģȻ֮
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ˣأΪ֮ˡ
һĨɫ֣ûеңСӣȴұһֱ۷ϵ˵Ƿҵĳˣ

躮Цһسǣȡ裬˾֪Ӳ̣֮׵Ĳúýӣǣ
ˣ
⻰ޱȵķŭһ˫۵ɵͭһ㣺Ϊ֮ˣ˵뱻Ҳɣ
ôңֻ˵һʵˡ
躮ڽңԣ»ûʸ񣡡
ϻ˵ҴǺ㳳ܵģұ뿪һߣ
䲻©Ķ
أҲҷų˴󻰣ֱЦ
ؾҦܲмĳԸСӣ⣬ǵһͷأ
⻰Ȼڱ
ҦܣҲ˷ʱ䣡
Ǻãĸˡ
һҦܾȻ͸ؾǿϢһݣ̱һ֣֮óһ
ҦϸֳһĨȻ֮ɫƺ˵ʵǿĺô
Ȼڴܹնɱ飬Ȼ˭֪Ǽ٣
ڣһ֮ˣܴ˽£
ܹҦȣ
Ҧˡ


95 赶֮
ҦܣȻŶԷóĵ·ȥȻ֣ܿȻûһ˸
躮³£Ȼվԭأ
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תӲƴȻǲʵģΪ֮ƣֻ΢ֵƬ̣Ȼһܣ


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101 ƿ
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102 ɢȥ
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һڿĿӣӵײӿݣƽ
ӿӵײĳЩ϶У͸ɭȻЩ֮ǰӱûһƬ
Ȼʱ˿̣Щ͸ȴܿ쳯ΧɢˣҲ֪ʲô顣
ܣУȻѾʮ˽ˣ
ʱʮ˱໥ţע⵽һԵҲδ̫Ĺע
֮ˣʵǲֵһᣡ
Ψһźۣһ޵ӣ΢עһ£֮ǰֵĻл
ȻڣлδֱӳҪɱ֣ǺһЩʲô
УĴѾһá
׺𸦣л𰣡
ؾڶصǿߣۼһ
У𸦱Ϊ׺ʼմƮݵЦݣڻлһĮģ
źɫװŮ𰣬ѳɫ̽ڵϣ˵бڽϡ
˿ʣ΢ò˵ң͸˵
𰣬ǿᣬòҲԶԶѰŮӿȡ
̲ס룬ǷòǰҲ㲻ʲôһӾͱȥˣ
Ĵǿ֮⣬вˡ
ʳҵ׿ŹϣԼؾһصһһվһԡ
֮ɢȥڼ
һ˿ɫ漴ָ·ûһ㡣
֪ѲշתΪһ츳ǿޣ
ȻȴȻûκκøУΪ׷糤裬ĸҲֵ졣
׿ϣһ۳¶Ц
Ȼֻأ׿ҵԿ׽նɱйͷ֮ޣ
֮⣬лҡСˣվһԡ
ʱ򣬸Щ죬ôֻȴû躮³ˣ
Уǻв˵ʬ壬Ũûɢ֮ǰҲ˲ٳͻ
ľʬ֮Уȴûȥ̽˭ɱ
ΪУܹʮʬ塣
ȥ֮ˣû˻ע
躮ǲڣӦûǶĳ䣬Ҳá
˳Ȼȥôˣɱ̫࣬ǲҪȥֵĺá
Ĵ֣ܿ۳˽
̫ƬûԸò۽ǣȵ̫Ƭ͸ƾֶȡ
֮󣬻лҪҵӰȻܣȴʧ֪㵽Ǹȥˣ
׿㲻˵ΪҶԸ𣿡
ͤͤżƳһһۣȻ׿
׿ʱ˵úڣǰȴһӾˣ
ңһȷƯбЩϷˣôܻȥԸ𰣿


103 ֮
һ׿Ų۵ģһӾ֪Щʲôˡ
Ȼû׿ʲôϵȴڶԹ
׿ȻòȻ÷ޱߣ
׿ԭ˵ĻҲǷ˸ƨѡ

⣬ʦãĪҪᡣ
׿ԣʱعͷһЦڣ̫ƬҪ֮£ģպ˵Σ
Ȼ֪Ĵڣƾ׿ԲȢõֵġ
׿ΪʳҵϵӵܣܹȢ츳ƯŮӣѾܲˡ
гһգ飬޸׿ô׿еĵλҲ٣
ڻʳǣĶ츳ǿߣĴУҲв͵ĵλ
ԣ׿Ȼ÷ܵ
ߡ
һδ˵ʲô
Ȼȴ룬պ˵׿Ǳµһ
á
ʱԶһ˫ŵЦݣСʱ飬αػǹϣ㶼Ǹüˣ
ǾǣʦãȻʦ㶼ǸˣСʱ飬Ǿʹ˷°ɣ
׿ʱϲõ˵
ʲôһһʦʦ㣬ҲԼʲôɫ
ԣһǸĵӣţ״Цһ
ߵľ׿ֻĴ٣׿Ȼƺ𰡰ʦ㡱ʱһ䡣
⻰׿ɫһһۣˣҪΪԼ˵Ļۣ
ãܸʲôۣ
űӵ˵
ˣţ޹֮ˆ¡
˵һ䣬ֹż˵ȥ
̫Ƭڼ𰣬֦Σ뽫̫ƬŪֲУ
Ȼһ̣ͻȻһǺڿ֮⴫
ţһͷɵľ޴ǣȻһӴӿΧɽԾ£𺳵Ľ˿룡
ǲ֮ʣ
˸Ծصĸ֣ͷ޴֮˲顣
ҽûüѾɥ
ȻǳˣؾصĲ֮ʣ
һͲ²⣬пܻһͷ֮ʣڿȻ
ÿһ̫Ƭ֮ǰһͷ֮ʣӵؾصĿֲֹǽ̫Ƭߡ
֮ǰĪңĪڶȡ̫Ƭʱͬв֮ʳ֡
һΣвڲ֮С
һΣ֮ʸһ֣ȻֱӾޣ
𸦣𰣬л
׺״üͷ΢壬漴һֳ鼶սƮݣһϮͷ޴֮ʣ
֮ʵʵﵽؾأгĴ֮⣬ûκֵܹˡ
ĸվ˶ᱻͷ֮˺飡
ţĴۣ֮Ҳ漰ⷽ棬ǳǿĵˣ˱ֶԵУ֤̫Ƭ޹֮С
磬һֵйǿߣԼǰֹĲ֮ʵȵȡ
ʱ֮ʹȻ֣ͬʱһݣű԰׺ΪףͬʱĸŲ֮Χ˹ȥ
˷Ӧ֮ǰ˲֮ʵĿֲ֮£һצ״ҡ
ֱ׺ֳ鼶սһȣʩչǿ֮ʵֵס
Ȼ⿿һˣͷ֮ʵĶ֡
ýţ˫ֳųɫ̽ɫ֣һգ۱˲֮ʵĲ棡
⽣Ӱ
𰽿߳һɫװ֮ΣɫӰס˻⽣Ӱ˲˲֮ʲ档
һ⽣Ӱٶȼ죬ǿֲ˼㣡
һ䣬۲ų˼һУѹƶԷ֮⣬ȫû취
Ծһжʱʩչ
ֻϧ֮ʵʵﵽؾأֻ䱳ֳצӰ˲佫һɵס
䱬
ȫð棬һһڲ֮һȥһÿʼɢ
ȻţצӰɨ˲һϮһӽ˻ɿȥ
ò֮ʼΪʹޣֵĿ꣬Ȼǻ𸦣
֮Ҫ׷ɱ֮ʱлĹҲѾˣΪźĵӣлóģŪѩ
ժҶֻϷˣСֶΰˣ
ƣ
лһʱһѩڳƮɢ˲ͷ֮һѩ·Ҫ֮ʳ׶ᣡ
лŵĺľѾشơ
ʱͷų˲Чò֮һͣûȥ׷ɱ𸦣ֱ׺صĺһУ˲ᡣ
ƣ
׺гӶͬ۳
˫شѹ֮£֮ʷ·һή
ȻţûһӲ֮ȻһɭȻɲơ˲飡
Сģǿ
׺ɫһ䣬벻˫شƵѹƣ޷ͷ֮ܵӰ죡
ɫҲ֪ǲͷ֮ʣ;Բܵõ̫Ƭ
֮뼤һ԰Թ۲ųеиӽ
ԭ֮еɢȥȻһͷ֮ʣʵﵽؾأ
˼ͷ֮ʵʵ̺ԲʧŶԣȡп˶飡
ˣĴֶԸ֮ʣ̫Ƭպʱ֣ôĿҲϲ١
һˣϸ۲ųС
Уԭһʮһˣڲ֮צһĸֻʣʮˡ
Ĵ֮⣬ܹʮˣ
һʣʮУ׿Ǳռ⣬ҡкͻҲˣںͰ׺һġ
ˣ֮һʦãǸš
ˣǶϵŵӣؾһصĺĵӣظ֡
׿ǿ
һ漴ɫж
ڲĵط¶ӣһֱѰ׿һ۾ͷ
Сǣ϶ҳ֣֣֡ȥСˣ
׿һкʱҵιһڴжȥ
Сˡ
ûиϣԭվЦ
磬ҲֻһԹսˣûʸ
׿ȥɱȴûκαʾ
ڶû̫ɱ⣬ȻҪȥһȴҲ
Ĵڣ׷糤ȫ˼ҲϣӶĸĹϵԽԽ
⣬÷ʼ᲻κκøС
ûĴڡ
ֻ¶׿йð׹⣡
ؾһ֮ˣ濴ңɱ
кâһ
Ը׿ǣʱԷѰٺò


104 
ۿ׿ؾжȥв˶Ϊ֮Ŀ
У֮ʼսĻл޵¶һ˿׹⡣
Ȼɱ㣬ܿǰҲһ֮£
л̵ƺѾ׿նɱĳ
ԭΪĺڿֲҳˡ
һͷŻ棬һ߲ĿһۣĿ¶һ˿ϧ
Сӣʵ̫źˣ
лͻ𸦣жĸоؾһصǿߣѵɱһصСӲɣ
Ȼл֪ѾնɱؾĶľͬʱؾǿߣԱնɱľҪѵö࣡
֮ʼս֮ˣͰ׺ȻҲһĻ
²ؼδʲôӦֻǼӦŲ֮ʡ
ǰ׺״ɫһ䡣
ס֣
׺˲ǣƲ֮ʣҪڴȥƺҪ
˵Ŀ꣬ǲ֮ʣ׺ȥĶ
лͻ𸦣ͬʱһڶԸ֮ʵͬʱ׺ȫǣסˡ
ժҶ䱬֮£׺ûκοȥ
ߵȻ׺ԼҲЩ
ֻӣ򲻿ɴ⡣
֪׺οģˣ̫׽͸
ûа׺ƾԼҪԸ׿ˣӦҲ⣡
ؾһصι׿ǰڴ׷
װʧģתܣȻƾصٶȣô׷ɱ
ιؾϽ¶֮ɫ
һصķСӣҲҵӣ
󣬲֪ߵغ񣬱ⱲĴ󣡡
˸һۻڱ֣Ӱһٶ̼׷˾ʮɷΧ֮ڣ
ûᣡ
ȻװܣҪľЧ
Ļ
һ̣Ļ֮˲ǰʧһ֮ȫ
򣡡
ֲѹιɫһ䡣
ֻоԼ嶯ȫѹƣǿѹһʱ֮޷Ҳ޷κʩչκ似
ȻСģ
ι̵ͺһ
Ȼһ̣αǲ棬һȭŵ£
ı
˸âҪɱңұܵļ룬ٻͷɱֲ
֮䣬һɾ֮ɱŵ籡˲佫ڣ֮Ѹʴȫ

һҽУӾд֮˶
һؾһص
ι亹ֱĿһֻԾ֮ɢǰʴʬ塣
֮ĹɭȻ
ؾһصǿߣھȻһصСնɱ⣬˭ܸǲģ
ȻιϷӦڵҲȻѹ֮С
һ˭棡
ιķͨ죬ȫ߶
򣬾ļǹӰأ
ֳ־ǹιɨǹӰ֮ͬӰ·Ҫι
ȻιڴʱȴӦѹǿܹһЩ
飬ϣ
ֵĻӰһŭ𣬽űǹӰ
צޱצȥ㽫ǹӰ
ؾһصʵ
ЦһȴûǹӰƣȴѾѸ֣Ȼźͷ׿жȥ
Ϊıǽ׿նɱ
׿سƾѹΪڷ糤ǰʾһԼʵ
ڣԸ
ҷ뿪պǻи鷳
ţźâϮ׿
飬֣
׿״ɫһӾͱˣ˲߶飬ڱֻӰ
ôҲû뵽ؾһصȻһ⧲ǿƺɱһ
ô˵׿ѾĶˣ
ܵľ㣬׿
ЦۿžҪ׿̳һǹȻ䣬ȴֳ־ǹɨһֱֱԾ˰ɣ
ȭԻȪɱ
Ӹ߿ͬǰ׹䣬֮˲ᴩգγһߴɵĻȪ֮··ֱͨ񷣡
֮⻯ĻȪ֮·һӽ׿ڣ˲ʧ
ոպĻ飬Ǳήң
׿֪ͷһУȻȴû뵽Ծ߿գ϶ºһȭ
ķǰû뵽ȻԾһ似
ɱ
һȭɱδ϶׹䣬ʱͷӰ֮ϡ
ۣ˲佫ͷӰ
һλĻ׿ѹҲ޷ٴˣϢܳһʱ䣬ָܻԭ״
֮˲䱬鳹׻ǽ׿С
ħӡ
һŵâһĳ㽫׿һƻɣˤڵء
׿δ׻ɱϾһȭҪĿ顣
Ȼʱ׿ħӡɣҲ֮ʴϺӣɼ֮ڴŰ
£׿Ҳǲзˣ
֮䣬ѹɱһ׿ؾǿߣһȥ
ʣһιڲڳװѹӰ죬ΪѾԣȻ޷Ӱ쵽
ιתһʱɫü
׿ɫڣȫƺڱʴˣ鶼׻
ʲôֻ̥أ
أ׵Ļؾһ֮ˣ
ιˣʱȫľٶˣ
ǿܣһɵӣȻڳ֮гУΪλҪ¶ͷ
ףܣᣬԸˣ
ʦ
׺Цû˵ǡ
ʶնɱĺܣ֪ܹһؾĶ֣Ȼȴ֪ͬʱԸ˲ɱһһ
Ū
ǵԶֲУƶģΪ㱨𣡡
лͻͬʱţлȲ˸׹⣬ҪǰԸ
Ȼʱ׺ȴڻлϣ
Ķ֣ǲ֮ʣ
׺һ֮ǣŻл޷ǰԸ
ɱ
Ȼ𸦼״ȴһӻ棬ڴӿȶȥ
Сģ
׺״һ
סһлͬʱԸ֮ʣѾļޡ
ڻ𸦳֣Ҳûκΰ취
𸦣㽫˵Լںεأ
ʱŮ𰣬ȴЦһɫװµһ˸ɫ˫Űɫ⣬ס˻𸦣


105 ǿڶᱦ
ʱעųллͻ𸦵Ķ
˵в׿֮ʼĻлͻ𸦣
ˣκһ֣нնɱĿܡ
ո㣬һʲôʩչԾһԾɣֱ˵
ڿ׺𰣬ȴǰһæȻлͻ˶סˡ
һ𰣬ǲ̫ףŮΪλͻȻְס
ȻˣǷһɣ
ţתʣµι
׿ؾһصѾһɱˡ
ʣιۿɱ׿ܴûս⡣
ɱˣ
ιۣ˵

ЦһûԷвһһιȥ
ι˶壬תܣ
򣡡
һǰУһͷų
˲佫ι֣似޷ʩչǿٶȴҲ仺ֵܴѣ
ɱ۴
һһҧָѪ˾ǹϡ
漴ͨ似۴ʩչǹιԶԶ
֮ǹ⣬һת˲ιţ
飬أ
ι¶֮ɫӰһžǹӭ
Ȼһ۴ͻײһ𣬱һƮȻ
סˣ
ιһϲоԼ黹ţû׿
Ȼȴ֪һǹԻġ
ţι˲䴫һ֮⻯Ȫ֮·Уʱʧ
ȭ
ι󣬱ܿ仢Ӱһȭغ䱳ϣ
ǧƥ֮Ȼ͸֫ٺ˶ˤɳȥ˵ڵأҲ
֮Ѿȫʴƻ
٣
һĻΧУֻʣ𾪡
ںͲ֮ʼĴ֣ɫҲһӲͬˡ
ǰ׺ǣǵԸ׿˵Ļɣ
ô˵ѵ࿹ʵ
ص磡
ܿ죬˶ʶʵʵûдﵽǿȡ
ոնɱ׿ˣȫʩչֶΣǸơ
׿һӵϣҲû̫ȡʤ
ٳֳս츳ȴ˶סˣ꣬
ĳУ躮£Լ³ˣ£ֱӺɱؾһ֮ˣȫˡ
˵֮ǰնɱĺܣǾĻôڣ˲ɱ׿ΪȫԤϡ
ԭһ䲻ȥ͵ϮˣڿָҪǰæ
躮һЦ
ʼʱأΪһ
Ƕ̶ʱڣȻѾɳ˵زնɱؾһصǿߣ
ƾֵʵϣԶȡ̫Ƭġ
³¶ϲɫ
ǰǲȥĺȡ
侲˵
֮УоƿΪȻС˼ȴΪܣ
躮³ԣͬʱ˵ͷ
ءصΪڳУԻģ
УĴȻڶԿŲ֮ʡ
һģ֮ʾҲ˿·磡
ȻһԭǣΪԵʣĴ໥֮ǣƣû취ȫԸ֮ʡ
ȽͷնɱлὫʬΣ
лţһĨ׹⣬漴㽫עȫ˲֮ϡ
ֻҪ֮նɱûʲôȥ𸦡
лͻ𸦣һס׺һԸȻֵ
һΣѵĻᡣ
л뵽֮ǰǴΣȻʩչԾˣоЩˬ֪è׽Ϸھûôˣ
ҲûãֻȽ֮նɱ˵
лּԲ֮ʩչ鼶似֮ʵסƬ̣
ûᣡ
׺״ۣһϮʱڲ֮ʱնһ˺ۣ˺͸Ũ
֮ڣûѪҺֻΪɣ
⽣Ӱ
ɫ̽һɫ⣬ѩ׵˫趯źɫװڲ֮Χ˸
Ĵ֮УٶģǸķӰǣ̺طٶȺȻ
Ը֮ʣȻȻûãȻǿٶȣȴۺʱսĹؼ
ʼһϢͬʱ۲ųĴֵս
Ȼÿ˶أǸԵսȴҲǳԡ
һ߹۲죬һ˼š
ٶ죬⽣Ӱһ似鼶Ʒ似ʩչ似ƻҪǿ
𸦣ۻ飬͸һֿ񱩵ϢһӣըһƬʺһжĴ򷨡
׺һٶȺܿ죬ǿȻȴҪһЩȻǰ׺ǿ似
ڻл͸źϢƿغشƣּ䶼öֵתܵ谭ٶȱӶԼơ
Ĵ֣ڳԲͬţսҲȻͬ
Դ⣬ԼһˣӦʲôֵ
лͻ𸦲پԸ֮ʵʱ򣬲֮˼й֮·硣
УȫǴӲ֮˿͸
ۿŲ֧֮ŲסҪɢһƬʱһŨȻӿ뱬
ӣʱһضɽҡ
֮ʽ£澹ȻʼѿóȫԴĴ֣Щɲ˿ȥ
֮ʣ
£ѿĵУһŨ緢ܿ죬һöɫСʯͷǵѷз
̫Ƭ
̾ͷӦ˹
ʱ϶¶֮ɫ̫ƬڳˣȻȴǳڲ֮ʵĽŵ£
ҿӣƺҪ֮Ϊһ壡
̫ƬͲ֮Ϊһ壬֮ʻúεȿ£
Ҳ˵ؼǣ̫Ƭ˵ĿģǱ֮ںϣôǰһˣ
ҪһӵϵʱһӰȴ˶Ҫ죬һ㵽˲֮ʵĶ¡

׺һȻ˴󵨣ȥǿڶᱦ
̫Ƭֵʱ򣬶ΣգԺˡ
ֻһˣðΣգŵѷȥ
Ϊˣʱ˿ֻ̣һ˾̫ƬڣֻҪһֱ̫ܽƬУ
Ȼôң
Ҫǻ𰡢𸦻ǻлеκһˣ׺˳Ծصľ硣
ؾʵĲ֮ʣֻҪһţܽ


106 
𶯣ʱ˶Զ֮ʣһҧ˲֮ʣ
ȻһöɫСʯͷɢޱǿҵ˲֮ʽŵ¡
ԼĶˣ
Ļ֮һȥ˲֮ʽŵ£漴һ֣öɫСʯͷУ
̫֮ͨǿСʯͷڣתȫ
Ѱ֮ˣ˶ʴȫѪҺᱻס׹ߣʲô
Ȼӡһӽȫ˳ȥ
ˣ
һݣۿ˶ٶȱжûʱȥܣ̫Ƭʲô
ֻٶܣ
Ĵ֣Ӳؾĵһصǿߣʦţϵźĵӣȵȣӿֵס
˲粽
Ծ
˲ʩչ似һŲ˲֮ʱϣ漴ǹһ𣬾֮һԾ
ԾһԾɣ
ͬǰԾԶͬʱڼ˲Զһɽȼ϶е躮ˡ
Ծ
ţ
ٶأٴʩչԾԾɾ룬ͬʱû̫ƬӸ躮
̫ƬɢѾԾӡѹסᱻ˲
ʩչԾ˲뿪ߣȻ㽫̫ƬӸ躮
ƾ躮ƬϤ̫Ƭ뿪Ӧò⡣
ԼҪٴðգԽͷ֮նɱӶڵ
ǵõ֮ʵ̺顣
ţٴʩչԾһԾɣתһȥ躮Զȥ
磬ǿߣ
¼躮õ̫Ƭæ˵ʦڱ׷ɱģΨд̫Ƭ뿪
ҿôٶȣӦòᱻ׷ϲǣȴҲ˵׼
³ǵ˵
׷ϣڳҲûκãȣ߰ɣ뿪
躮һ˵ţһ߽̫Ƭ뻳УΣ֮ٽ̫Ƭְɣ
躮ֵǾû˵ġ
̫ƬƴȻΪУڣȫֻǴ̫Ƭȫ뿪ѡ
˸躮һСɽдУſ֮ȥ
ʱ˿̣׺ʩչߣΪģܿڵĵط
ȥĶˣ
׺˼ڤ롣
վһߵСɽϣķȴҲΡ
˼Ƭ֮㳯Զȥ
뵽ھȻᳯŲ֮ڴȥ
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׺ߣѾˣȴɱȲԾ׷ӷ棬ʵ̫ˡ
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СӣǹƶˣǱƭأһᱻƭˣ

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㹥飬ұҲ飡
гǹһ᣺ɱһǹɱˣɫܵң
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𰵤һһ⣬ֳֳɫ˫㳯ɱ
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111 ʯ
ٶ̫죬ʩչ似
ʱȴоһֵĲζܵ谭
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112 ̫챮
֮ʴʬȥ
̫֮ȽƯһ㣬Ὣ˶ɱ顣
Ȼһ֣սֶ

״һҧǴ߶ӡø֮
ѸţҲ˲пܶˣֻԴֱķԾ֮ڵ̫֮
磬ԽԽ΢ԽԽʱ̫֮ڱȫɢ
ţڵľ֮Ȼһ֮ϣ̫֮޷ڡ
ΪԼܹ뿪ʯңҲƴˡ
֮ϣ𰣬ʣգ
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ÿʱÿ̶ڼ尾УоԼܿҪɣԺһѣϮ
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ţ̧ͷ𰣬ȴǾŮͬҲ˹
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˵ով𰣬˭֪ϲˣ
˵ֻΪ˰ǽϵ̫Ƭرջ󣬻Ǽп֣ܶ
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˵ƬأԼʶôһʯˣ
Ȼ룬˽ܣǸȽϺĽˣ


113 
ץס̫챮̧֮ͷ𰣬̫ͬ챮ץС
˶һۣԴӶԷпɻ
رƺѾ֣Ҫô뿪
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˶ôʱֵİ̫챮ȴͻȻС𽥱仯ΪƴС
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114 Ů˼
ɽׯǵȻò㹻õĵҩȥ³ˡ
ڣΨлصȥС
躮һ±³һɽׯȥ׼Ѱƥ
綼ͣǳ;·׵һЩ
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һʱ֮䣬ڲ֪Ϊ˴ƻʳǵȵ㻰⣬Դˣȴ˿֪顣


116 
ƻʳǶŹϢʱȴУ١
³ѾˮƣˮƵչˣǺСӿ϶ܿͻתˡ
ţҵ벽ĵİ١
ʦܣ˵ˣһȻ
һбһЦ񿴹һ뵱ʱѾʮˣ벻ʮˣܹ̤ؾ

ȸٱȭ˸У΢΢һЦʦ֣ǿ϶һҪˡ

ҡͷٺãû츳ŬĻܿһءȻˣҾȥˣʦлҪ˵
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ٿҡͷε˵Ѿһµڹʱ䣬ƺҪˡԷһµڹʱ䣬ȥȡһ鼶սΣ
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ټڣȻֻһʦʦһûУ
ɼʹ½ʦʦǺεҪ
ǵҩսһ;ɻȱĶʦʦȴ֮٣


117 ֮
ʦΪӣôȻҪɣˡ
ô˵ֵǻ츳
˼ţȴδ롣
Ѷȶǳߣ뻨Ѻܶ˼档
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治̫ȥһŰƺ̫ãƺʲô뷨Ϊ⣬ǺԶȽϺã
ƺǿ룬ˮºһЦǾȥɽְɣڳϸƬֵɽ㲽ʦ֣ҲǱġ
ţлϡ
Цŵͷת˳ϸ󣬳źɽֶȥ
ɽ֣һƬ൱ĳ֮⣬һߵͱڣһȥƾ棬ɾ
УŲټªݣЩڴؾǿ߾ס֮
żĵ֮⣬Ǳ޵Ļڶųϡ
ɽ֣ܵһŨϢ֣òɢ
͸ֲܵԶһƬյϴ֮ƺǱսд裡


118 ɽ
սд裬һӸȤ
ɽ֣ؾĵӻ߳ĵطڵĵӣ̤ؾĶûж١
Ҳ˵ǰд֮˺пڳϣ
ڳϸʮУ佡ѾΪţʣµʮϣÿһؾصǿߡ
˵ˡ
̤ؾ֮ڿԽӴǿΪĵһˡ
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ˣڳϸڳϸг֮һ
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ջīɫȹµĸ߹ӰʧɰջīͶʮ꣬ȻһȴǼΪֲ
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СֵܣԭΪ㻹õ󣬲̤ؾɽȴû뵽ôˡ
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ڶ೤Ҳ׷ɢȥڳϾͶ˸̸ʣǾԺж˸ף
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˶ԼڣҪôϢҪôƬ֮ڣһƬž
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һţһ߰վӡļ䣬ʼֻص·
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򿪿֪ˣ
ֽӷϣת˰֣ˣ

һ
Ժһͣ͸㣬׼ɣ
ֵһЦݴţıˡ

ЩƣѡԭиѾͷԶ㡣
ȴû뵽ѾͷȻ׷ˣ
ȴ֪һתһ˫鶯ӱȻ
γо֣Զ
ʱûʲô뷨ýһ㣬һ㣬ٽһ㡭
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һӵСԼСƿֽСƿУҿӣʱŵһŨҷҩζ
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ɫʱˡ
ԭͲ²Сƿлһöҩȴû뵽һö鼶ҩ
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鼶Ʒҩ
СƿеĵҩģɢŵŨԥɫ
鼶ƷҩֵԶԶһһ鼶Ʒսǿս
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ֻǣĵҩǰϽ
ǣѾͷͰģ
ö֪
ö鼶ƷҩȻûʲôȻŵ壬ȴǳġ


119 ҹɱ
˼һ֮ö鼶Ʒҩ¡
Уڣڰϣֶ֣һ壡
뵽ӻͳһСƿӡ
鵤ɹһɣǷƷҩ
Сƿӣװŵģ֮ǰˮйķƷҩ
̫ʱ򣬸оԼպܴ󣬱ûзö鵤
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⣬㽫е鼶Ʒҩѩһ̷¡
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ؾһصļޣӵһǧƥ֮ѴﵽͻƵؾڶصĻѾ޷
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һ˵ţһɫתΪأʦܣҪмǣĪҪ޹سϱ¶һ似򣬿»һЩҪ鷳ȭһ㹻սȫ𣡡
ţ֪
֣صĵ˵ͷ
ܹʱԽͶԷʽǶôֲһ鼶Ʒ似ǴȥԻ෽ע⣬ӶΣգ


120 ɱ
ǿķһҡ塢ŵȵ֮
ǿ似ǵҪŵĸһ˿ֲ似֣ԻƹΪ֮
ĹˣѹЦİʦܣλҲ֪һеġ
š
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سô཭ޣ糤裬ǰǱɹ̿ץߡ
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·֮˺ͽ޷ʲôͻĻ»ԺܴĿ
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ʵϣȻǿͲеܸߣ˫̫ҲͲо硣
ֻ֪ϴǿڣǰļһ


121 ɱ縮
Ųͣûһۡ
֮ˣ㴩ŷսףҲǷƷսһжܵס
վס
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ڣȻһ

ҸۡһɫĶŵӣڼλϣСܵϵĲˮˮ
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ֳƹǹӰϮ
Ӱ֮󣬾ҵЩ΢϶Щ϶ĳϮ
ͬʱͬһĶһ㣬̼ǰ
ɱһǹɱˣֻһˣǱ㽫ɱ֮һ㣬ɱη壡
ֳ־ǹͬսɱ򵥵ĳһǹ
һǹ̺޾ɱ⣡
ɱǹֻСɾ磬Ȼȴ鼶Ʒ似
ѣһзֻ֮һзƷ似
ѰĽޣܹ޵һЩƷ似Ѿ˲ˣûлӴ鼶似
ΪЩޣʱûʸߴţ֮ԼĬĬ
ûŵԴǲٶȻȽҪû似սԴ;
ΪˣɹĽЩģΪһܹսǱܹȥƾȡս似ܹ㹻ѡء
鼶似뷲似ԿȻġ
˵ʩչ鼶似ɱ
Χн޳ҪܵĿУһǹѵѹ£ѳѹơ

һṇ̀ȻѵС̴飡


122 ̩ɽѹ
˾ǹ
ѴŰµѪǰأԸ޷ŵɫ
鼶
΢֣Ȼ֣ȴҲû˵
鼶ս鼶似
˵ģʣ鼶ս鼶似ġ
Ȼδõȴ֮¡
ѵε£ΧЩȫ𾪵
ųдźµŻһ壬ȴѻȸ˭û뵽ϴ󣬻ᱻһɱ
ţǶӰɢ˿֮С
ڣ˷Ӧ˹æ޵Ĺ޺ʲô¶ģһϵûаҰɣ
޺֮˷׷׿ʼ޺ģ֪ɱǵĻ˼һ𶼲Ƕ֡
һ̩ɽѹĸоȻ˶£
Ȼȴûʣ֮ˣǹתŷ似ȥ
ҪģҪôˣ
ǳʲô£ҶҪ˳
ţɢɱ⣬ŷ似ȥ

ʱķ似ްſڣǰյָָ㡣
ڷ似ǰĿյϣһֽ꣬Ŷ󣬱׳ѹס
꣬һۣŲʮֻ꣬صΪ
ʱ׳޽ס⻹һӳһѴ󿳵һԵʲô
Сӣӿˣ
ǳŴ󿳵ͬ򣬻ܣб˵ٲӾһСӵԴҵҪǲҪȣ
仰Ǳѹסȴһ㡣
Ʒ壬СɣܰǲҪ
ɫĺ
꣬ȻͲ󣬵ȴһӷڵѪ
ʵϣڷ֮ˣûһث֣
ӷ似УһȻ֮ȻǷ˱棬꼴նףޱȵķߺ޲ƽ
Ⱥܣſ
ҪǶ֣Ǹƴˣ
ҷģټһ£Ʒ϶Ѿȥڣ֪ͨˣ
ڷ似е·֮ˣܹʮˣȻŷ似ޣȴصǿߡ
·˵һ𣬶޷Ըһ
ͨ似ĴӣԶԶų꼴նףһߣޱȵķŭ
ϻࡣ
ֳִ󿳵һĭм˵ԸԼ˹СӻǴÿԣҿʼˣ
ʱӰͻȻһԷ縮Ժǽǰ
һ£׳˶ʮģݼ㣬ͬһ㣡
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ȻڳִѰ·
ǷƷ壬ǷСɣеҲصľѡ
Ⱥ׼Ľޣ˿˵Ǻʤ㣬־
ˣǸ˵潲أǸ˵ǶǴ
ֳִ󿳵ӲһЦСͷóˣƾǣҲСһ
Զţ
һķƷŭĿԲ㲻˵ֻҪǳͷŹô
˵ڣų
ֳִ󿳵ĲбӲмһЦиСѾͷȥĶˣϴһֱأ
ƾѣܰ⣿ޣ
ݵķС¶меĵܰȥڣлѴһǸһǲң
Сӣ뻣һ˵㡣
һб֮ɫҪʲôӽȿǼ˵
⻰һƷͷС϶ʱֳһ԰֮ɫ
Ҳû뵽ȺƻĽޣ·Ҹûκεֿ֮
ʱ·֮˶뵽һ죬·ҳһ졣
ǸµӰվǰɨسĳ
ȻǷԸܰȥڣ֪ͨˣҲûףؾѣܲȡʤ
ƺûǸʱˣ
ƷͷСɶһۣиһĨ㡣
ҪֹǰЩһɱ·κһˣ¶ǵ
ɱ
ƷͷСɣۣʱӲͬǳŴ󿳵ӣ

д󿳵߸߾¶һ֮ɫ漴ڵۡ
ƾص磬ẦǰصСӲɣ
ȻҪ󿳵һն£ȿŵʱһޱȿֲѹͷ˶Ӳ
ѹ
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ȴδնɱˣһԣҪƷͷС»ô
ǻˣֱܣǴˣ
ʵ֤㴳˻Ƕǻ޷˵Ĵˣ
⣬ûʧ
·ʣµģĺúӣ
Ҫֵʱͷų򣬽ԼΧȫС
һ£ʱ̩ͬɽѹóнȫ޷һ£
ô£
н϶ʱð亹ǿѹô£
һǿѹ£ǾŤͷһˣ
һз϶ʱһϲ
Ȼˣ
磬˶֮ˣҲΪѡҺСɣסӣ
ƷţͷСɶһۣԿԷжͬ뷨
ȻˣǾϰɣ
ƷûκԥҵķƷ似ʩչһ磬һɨǳŴ󿳵ӣ
һţ𹥻ҪƷͿ̳ˣСɱܳûɧš
ֻǣƷȴӾȻһҷޱȵϻ㺹飬һ˫С۾͸ſֻš
ô£
ƷͷСɣ֪˿ֲܣܹӣڳн޶ȫѹ
ǵ似غӲ֬ϣ˼ﵽʮľһٽش˳ȥһѪ
ں޷֮£ӵľﵽأӲ֮˵ȫҲԻܵˣ


123 
ƷͷС˸һУǳŴ󿳵ֱӴɳȥˤڵأǰѴ󿳵ǡһڵء
һĻ·ڳʮһȫĿɿڴ
ƷͷСɣ֣Ȼ֮ܽ˻ܣ
⣬Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ǣȴȻ֪Ѿѹˣûκη֮
ˣҲһѹ˿ã
ˣûˡ
볡У̫Ӱڶɲ֮䣬֮Ĺâȫ
飬飡
һĻ·ʮһȫ˷
磬ȻѾ飬˵ոӿ϶Ǳѹס˰ɣ
ЩˣѾȫѹҪδǣԼˡ
̫ӰͷųһӾЩ𾪵
ҪģȻѹ֮£ȴּ򵥵鶼
ɱ
ķСȳǰһһʰǰѴ󿳵һ㽫ǱͷƷһɵͱɱ
ȻͲȻȴɱϣ֪ǰЩˣԲܷŹһ
ͬһķƷ壬ͬûκԥ
ǰţĽ߷ɣС̼ǵ
ڿ似ޣǱ似ӿ·ӵܣɷϵΪһ似ǰĿյϡ
һֱŤתԭڲѹ·ˣڣȴ·ȫƷ
бӣСնɱˣҲΪ
״̫飬ּɢȥ
ڵͷܹ׼÷ΧӶֻӰ쵽ˣ˿ӰԼˡ
ֻһͷĵƽʱ࣬Ѿ飬֮ʱ
磬ǵͷѣһǿߡ
似߽޶㶨֮󣬷ƷⲽɫصĶ˵
ǰѵһߣ磬ԵУһҪСģ
Сɵиֳ֮ɫ
İɡ
˹ԼһůЦѣղžͱɱڵķҸۡѾԼˡ
⻰һ·ʮһϷ׷¶ϲɫ
ѣȻѾնɱˣ
Ȼڵţͬؾһأ羹ڶ཭޻֮£նɱѣɼս֮ǿ
Сɣ˵˵ʲôʱģ縮ʲô£
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ܸɵķСԵ˵ͷٽͷβһ顣
ʼʱ·ڷ糤£ܹʮӵܽΪԭҾ˲ٵҩսԴȫָʮˡ
һƷ塢Сɡܰ˱ʴӱϺò˵ҩͻƿﵽصľ磬ɳƷܡ
ˣ·ˣһͻƣʵܿһΡ
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ǰɹĴ̿ʹ糤跿ڣ糤ץߣƷĿţȴûȥֹ
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ֻϢδųѾһ޴˷Ҹۡ
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ƷͷСɣŻȷˡ
ڣ˵Σǽˣֻϧܰȴ֪Σ
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οһˡ
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ܰСѾͷûʲôˣȥڣӦòʲôΣղŶԡ
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ʱ㣬ܰ뿪ңǰڣҲѾнʱ䣬õˡ
ҺСɳȥң
Ʒѯʡ
š
˵ͷܰһ⣬վǲ̫׵ȻһͷһЦԱߴ
ˣһڴˣ
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ͷһȴһɫµĲֳһżϴЦⲽ
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һСආ޹ؽҪţƺǼģűŸ붪ſڡ
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ˣдš硱ĸ֡
һˣϾܰ϶ѾڣҪȻ֪ѾصسǷҡ
ܿ콫дݶһ顣
ԭܰڽʱֵڣΪ˵ģԾͼ˰ϺͺϣԼ֡
һǣȻ֪ѾǰسˣܰһҲͷ
ȥسǣΣ϶ӭжˡ
ţϾȻܰ츳ҪշܰΪӣ
ܰԥϿۣ֮дôһţسǸæ⡣
ܰ
˼ѾͷҲеӡӦòʮӣȴѾﵽأɼ츳ȷò
ڣ˵츳ɾ÷ܰһӱòƽ
·Ҫչ׳ʦǱҪеģȻܰ츳ʦҲǲġ
˾׼÷ܰʦ
磬ܰ𣿡
Ʒ忴ŷ⣬Щŵʡ
ǡ
ЦŵͷѾڣڻڳϣ츳뽫Ϊӡ
ˣ
һԵķСƲƲ죺ǻڳϣ᲻ʲôļһܰͼı죿
ĪҪ˵
һۣصǰΨһʦ
Ȼô˵ˣҾͷˡ
СɿɥֻһҪʲôʱټܰ
ƷȻû˵ʲôȴҲǸСһı顣
Ʒ塢Сɡܰ˿˵·ܣʱһ˵Ȼܲᡣ
ֻҪҺúûȥлټġ
Ц˵
վԣܣһ·ˣʱ˿ڽҵ츳ܲǴ´࣬һǰڣʱسΣ֣ʦܲһֱڴ˴ǽڣȫҲϣ
һʱȻƤˣôһǿڣӶڱøǿ


124 ѩƹ
ڵͨϿȣǰ䲻ܳʮꡣ
·ܹʮˣÿ˶ܹﵽֻѾʮˣƺûʸˡ
ʮ˵꣬ﵽأɼǴﵽصʱ򣬾Իδʮˡ
ⷽ·ӵܣʸڣ
ԭЩص꣬ʱ糤ҲﵽأɱͨϿˡ
ʦ˵ò
һ˼ɫصҺͲʦֲһֱͣڴˣ常ɹ̿ץߣұ뾡ж
ţȥڣҲá
Ʒȵ˵ֻôˣһڻ᲻ʲô㣿
޷дһƼţŽ֮˱ɡ
Ц˵ǲԸڣҲνٿʱסڣһζҵӡ
лλʦ֣Ҿãסһʱ㹻ˡ
Ʒĵ˵ͷ
ڣͿ϶ܵڵĹԼһ·ʵⲢǷƷҪġ
ȶһʱ䣬⵹Ǽõġ
ţ⣬Լˡ
һЦ
λǲʦ֡
һ²УȻвʦдƼţǹȥڣӦòΪѡ
лʦ֡
Сɣڶӵܣ׷׳Ųим˵
Ȼؼ糤裬ÿ˶룬Ȼȴû㹻ʵһУֻ
ʱسǣӿȷʵʣвдƼţǽܵȥסĻͼ򵥶ˡ
Ǹ뵽λʦڿ϶Ǹ˰ɣ
ҪȻҲƾһƼţôס
Ȼ˾ƷͷСɱ·
дһƼţ˷Ʒ屣ܣһ˸ǡ
ʦ֣ȻûˣҲҹ·ɣ
˷֮Բ˵
ţ常ɹ̿ץߣ²˳٣̶
ɫصĵͷ
ˣոնлʦдǷƼš
Ĵм
طϡ
ȻһЦǣǰڣҿǶ壬պѣҲųһء
д˾Ҳ˽ģǾǼ˷ƷͷСأҪύһպ˵ͻﵽһæ
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ҲһЦ
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Ա߾ĳУƹء
ƹԱͨߴϿȣͨɹΨһͨ·
ɹƹǴߴϿȽƹҵٽƹأߴϿȡ
Ͳҹһ·򱱣;˲ٳȺӵĽޣƹطǰУȥɱ֮ˡ
Щˣδᡣ
ĵģ常糤İΣ
糤ǰĸʾɱɹ֮ضˮȣ񱻹ɹ̿ץߣ׶༪١
ȻԷֻǽץߣǽɱɼڶԷлüֵģʱӦòΣա
ץ֮󣬷糤ܶĥѣǾ˿֪ˣ
常˸㣬Ҫնɱ
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ҹʱ֣˲һƬѩ֮أţƬѩزԶɽȵС
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ƾʱ似ܹһ˿ܣܹնɱؾصĶˡ
һЦ˵꣬һ˵ʦܣʱƹǽҵٽʾء˵˻֣ȴѾؾأʵ壡
ٽؾأ
š
˵ͷʾ֪ˡ
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Ȱ˵ɱбɣ˳̽常䣡
á
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ţֻϧǰ̫챮ʼûܲʲô
һ·;Уƺ˹֮ϴİһʵȻȴڲ֣޷оȥܡ
սܹϣ֮ϣ϶ù֮ӸǿЧֻϧҪ֮ƺңңڡ
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һƬ಻ĳǽɽͨɹߴϿȡذʱפŴƹٽԼƹʮ
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ܹŵǿߡ
֮ˣΪмᡣ֮ˣΪСӳΪӳ
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ؾһ֮ˣΪСؾڶأΪƫؾ֮ˣǴ󽫡
ؾ֮ˣͳ˧ͺᣬ֮Ϊٽ
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Щޣһǿ߿׷׸ÿһ·û˸ǡ
϶ǿߵľη


125 ٽ
Ͳһ𿿽ƹصĳſڣĽ޸óһ·
漴һðվߵͲǰ
λҪƹأɹпܣ
ӵУһ˿ϣ˫Գļ㣬һ֪ǸӲ
ǣ
ͣ½Ųʵ
ҽгСѩ
ЦŴǴƾٳʱ죬ϧƹأʼղǽȥСֵܵΪӦĳŵĺĵӰɣ֪ɷٽ˵һ򿪳ţЩѪɱУ
⣬Ϊ
ҡҡͷ
ٽ뷨ܹıģ
Щ޽ȥУҲû˿취
˵ˣˣı⡣
ȻˣŶλˣλɡ
Сѩ¶ʧ֮ɫÿ·
һԹ۲ţȻӵֺŮԻȴԶ׼ġ
ΧнޣСѩĺֻΪСѩؾڶصĸ֣
ֻϧƹسŲֻڱѩеȺȻЩ޵ΪڰĵȺ˲ˬ
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м̤Ųӣǰһųǽϴһڵǰ󣡡
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һͷ첻м˵͸һ˿ͽϢȻ⽫˵⻰ֻҪֺˡ
˭ѾΪʮͳ˧һǽһٮٮߣ
պԻΪƹǿߣ
ͨѹƹҲʲôöҿɵúúöŲС
һһ˫۾Сͬ꣬һЦ
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˭Ȼ˴󵨣
ǹͷʱһŭһվһ۲ƣмڵĺĵӣʲôʱ˲ˣ
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ЦһҺʦܴǴλˣȻˣǱˡ
˵꣬תҪ뿪
ȵȡ
ϯվµ˲һۣڵĲУȻؾأʵ壬ҲѾԶ˰ɣ
еһۣûд𻰡
ģǱ˳ƺȫٽһˣֻʵ㣬ʱֻ̣
˵㻹õܡ
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⻰˵ֱǺĴˣ
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мһЦȻѾңûκιϵûУҲУ
ҵͷһ˻˵йϵĻȤȤ
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ҲƬأⱲӿ»δƹʶǳȻΪˣ˭մ״ʣ
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˵˵žӡԳƹΣ˵ĸױԴƹ޷ƥеǿ
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ʵٽǼλڴ֣ûʲôҪ֮ҪȻˣ常糤䣬ԲŲŲæˣ
⻰һһ㶡
糤裬ûȥѰ


126 ɱս
һɫ֪ûн糤ϣ
常糤裬֮ǰɹ̿ܣʮͳ˧ٽӦò᲻֪ɣ
һʣ
£Ȼ֪
ֻһ㶣̷ӦдŲмֻ糤ֻѾ֮ĸ㱻ɹܣҲ㲻ʲôҪ£
𣿡
Цһ֪常糤裬ʲôΪ
ǼһﻹʲôΪܷӳصʵǲˣ
һԵĹͷ󽫲м
ǿ֪常Ϊֵɹչˣ
ʣкâһΪɱУˣڶоԹڱȥǣڵĴƹ죬Ȼ˵оܲʲôҪ֮£
⻰һڳƿԣ
ǹͷ󽫣˫СĽ죬֪ηźã
Ϊ˵ǲ۲۵ʵ
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Цһ˷ڴƹʧ͸
ԭûʲôϾûмԷҲпǸܹͳս֮ˡ
ڿΪߵ㣬ڽ֮⣬ûκֵҫ֮
˵⻰ת뿪ͳ˧á
ʦܣһȥ
жЩҲޱʧתȥ
ٽ̫ȫûнﰡ
ǹͷǷŭ֮ɫ
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۾ϻƽ׷ҫ֮⣺ΪСӶŭΪ֮Сӱضս֮ϣ
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ͷɽһô˵֪Ѿ˰ţʱ
ȻűһٽѵĶ飿
ȻСӿˣǾûбҪһˣ

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ǴӼ״һ㶣漴ЦûôôһҶս
ţ˵һҵĻΨЩųɳ֧һҼȥ
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ɱ
ƹⷽͬĺɱƫǧ˳Ͽȴ˹ȥ
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ǰģʼֻôˣ
ɱô
ĳ֮УͻȻܵоǹ
ǹսʱ˿̣Ǹܵս棬ò
ȻˣЩɹ֮ҵɱǹ
ɱӣһߣʱ߶֮һ⣬嵽ǰ
һĻ˫ʿһ㶡
ŵӣô˿ǰȥ
Сӿ϶֪սΪȻţ
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ƹ׷סɹץסᣬɳƫǰҪնɱ
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ʱ˿̣ѾؾصĴ󽫶ϣ˫һӴʱһȻбѩɢ˫ʿҰһƬģ
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Сֵܣ
󷽣ƹƫУλţƫǲý
Ȼû⣬Ȼеס˶Է󽫣ʣ֮ˣ˵в


127 ɢ
ֳ־ǹͬʱؾڶصĹɹƫû˿֮⡣
ɱһǹɱˣ
߶ӡȫؾڶصˮƽǹɨǹӰ󣬸˶Էˡ
ǹ
Էɫ䣬һɱǹ̲ס˺ܾǰϵĴƹ죬죡
ƫƫٹþ͵֮䡣
ȻǴδ֮꣬Ȼټǹ
ʩչǹģùɹŷɥĽ죬һؾһصĴƹŵӡ
ˣȻޱ𾪣ʮֵľ
δӴǻȷǷԴɱǹ
֮УһΪֳ֮һʯӰ˲һޱȵɱ١
ʯӰһǷȽǿͣȻӾʮ֮꣬Ѿնɱ̫ĵоʯӰɱӡ
дǴƹ
һΪ¬磬ֳӰһ쫷磬ɢһɱս˲ɱ֮
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Ҳܹɱҵսϻڵķ֮һ
ɱ
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֮
Է飬ȻҲ⣬ô˵Է˶ǿһؾ磬С
̫֣ʱһѹâֵ˸֮¬ͷ
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ҪץˣͱȳɢԷΣ
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ˣɾɱǹܹʵԵɱսɱ֣谭Էж
ɱ
һǹɨһصоͷ­ȴִʱɹѾȫɢ˶ѾϿ֮ɢ
ǲһ
һԹЦ׷ɱȻȴʼӴ谭޷ɱ䡣
ڶԷͻ֮ϰͷ
ɢҲشˣʱĹɹٶȳϿȺ󷽳룬ûãСĵһϿбûʣ¶ٻˣֻһʬ壡
׷𣿡
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Сֵܣ
ƹƫ״ʱɫˣСӣֱǲƣƴ͹ɹ֮ж


128 ױ
ֱ׷ϿȣȥһƬѩ׵ɽ֣һۿͷ
ǧɹףǱӴܡ
ԷҲһƫȻˣĿԺܴ󡭡
һ߾ţһ߳ǰ׷ɱȥܿҵ˸֮¬ƫӰ
ƫǿߣӦû֪常ˡ
߶֮˲仯һ⣬Ÿ֮¬ӷȥ
֮¬ˣۿ׷ЩæҵӣæһƫƧȥ͹ɹ󲿶ӴܷнԶ
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ˣҲŹδסԷĺûᣬʲô޷ֵΣգҲ㹻ֶΣ
׷
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Сɽȱ鲼ѩɽ֮еǹͺͺɣԵüΪ䡣
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ױ֮𣬱
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״ܵŻ汬ը̺ɫޱȵء
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֮߶
ӿʱڴ߶֮ͬʱʩչĻ似Ļ֮Ȼٶ˼ޣ
ͬһ⣬δ֮ըļ϶˳Ȼ˻һС
ٶô졣
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ֻҪɱڴˣ𸦸²лȥ״ΪǷģǴ˴δƹʮͳ˧ٽ


129 ɱ
˿ܹĸܵЩ˿̺Ŀ
±һ˿Ҳܽ˶ճɻҽ
һݣ֪ͷһпٲ
˿ʩչȫ˿ռʩչŵķӣҲ޷ӷ׷ӵķ϶롣
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ͷȻһڹӿһʱ֮ûܲٿغЩ˿ҵ
ɱƣ
оǹɨһŨɱܣ˲佫Χʧȥ˿ƵĻ˿ȫɨ
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ıɱ
һȭѩ֮ϣʱ߶Ȫӿһɾڶ𣬽˶С
𸦣ؾڶصǿߣ
һΣδþ֮飬ֻ˾ȭĵڶֻء
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СɽУͲ˸ԻͷһȴΪ׷ʩ֮ˣȻǴ˴δƹʮͳ˧ٽ
ʱһƽףݣվڸ֮¬ʬǰ
һɨСɽ֮УĿͣͲԶ𸦵ʬϣ۾
ɹƫɱҴƹػٵﵱɱ⣡
һߣ漴
⻰һͲɫһ䡣
ٽɹƫ֮ˣǻ𸦣
̤ǰһǰ˵
ȻһۿˣҲأ˲Żǡʱϵ
һ飬һϿеսпһֲ߻õģ
ΪģҪնɱ
ͳ˧ͳ˧
俴˲һۣһ֣ɽ󽫣ʱ󽫣Ǹѹӣͬ丸һѹҪ֮նɱ
ٽ
Ĺͷ󽫣к۴󽫣
ˣؾصǿߣھǴ󽫡ǰ߹ͷΪɽһ˫С۾ͬ꣬ʱ
ŵĸ֮¬ˣǱնɱ
ѹֻ
¶Цһϰѩȫƽ׵ĹâԵ䲻
ų̤һб㷴Ӧ˹
ٽ֤ݣ֤ɹ֮ǻ𸦡
˵
ڸʱ򣬾Ȼӡһʼĳ¼֤𸦺͹ɹƫᡣ
𣿡
һЦάͽѵҲв룿
ٽţ
ͷɽС۾ʱ˶ʱ˳һһҽΧסˣȫϷʵɫ
ؾصŵӣٽ
ǳ룡
ΧţѹоֻҪһжԷͻԥĳ֣
ڴʱ̤Ųӣ˻һɫ磡
ֻǰɫһб֪á
ҪɱңǾԿɣ
кâһоǹɨһ
Ծ
ڳǹ£һԾɣһɽȰգٴһȻѩСɽȱҪ룡
µıɱ壬ûκеĿܣ
ʱ˿ֻ̣һ·ߣ
ܣ
ɱ֣˻ɫ⣬ʧ׷ȥ
ΪѾʵĿֲǿߣٶȣȻö࣡
֮䣬׷ԽСɽȵɽڣԶӴܣһЦ
ܶã
ȫɢɱ⣬Ѹٳ׷ɱȥ
һ׷һӣѸ˹ɹĵ

ѩСɽУбؾصĴ󽫿סʱ˿̣ܳȥ
һ󽹼û뵽Ȼһеɱ壬Ҫնɱ
յ֮Ӧûʲôްɣ
ȻڵĽңүү֮⣬˶죬ȻĶӣ
Ȼȴû뵽Էô죡
ţҺôҲǴƹ󶥼֮һӵܣӦһ緶Ȼһȫʧ
ңǺֶΡ
ɫ
ϵɹƫ֮ѩСɽȣҪɱ
ɱҲȸںܸһѹ
һҲصƹˣ
δػʹЭ䡣
жֶΣ㹻ģһֱڹ۲ĳɳɳ졣
Щӣ̫ҪȥȻȴ˳ĻڣԽսԽ£Լٶ̤ؾ
ʱ׷ɱӦҲôпתǬ
ʱ佡ҵʱҲˣ
ʦܣ㱣ӡ֤ݣۺʱֻҪұ㽫֤ݹڣϴˢѹԩ
ţżᶨ


130 Ѫ
һƬãѩ֮УѩȴеĽӡ
һ˫ɫĶ˻ɫ⣬ѩƮȻǰУٶȼ졣
Ȼ׷Ľɫȴ죬Яƣ֮ѩ׷׷㱻ڻ
ȥᱻ׷ϣ
һݣоԼԽԽֻܿʼԺ͹֮ϡ
֮ǰɹĺͱѩսѥ໥ϣȻʱѩսѥƷʵ̫ͣٶûʲôˡ
֮ϣô϶ܽٶٴһΣ
Ȼ֮նɱ˹ʹޣ˫ƶɣ֮սŶ޵ĳԹ
£Ҳ͹֮κεϵ㣡
ôʱڻеİ̫챮ͻȻ˱仯һŨ庮̫֮Ĺ֮
ǣ
ɫ΢䣬Դõ̫챮δ̫챮ʲô
ڣȻų̫֮֮
һ԰ɫĹ̫֮֮Ⱦ˻ɫͬԭƯò̫ˡ
Ȼһ֮ȴ׸ı䣡
ԭֻ֮鼶ƷսѾ٣ҪгŹʹ޵Թޣϡ
ڣ֮ȴΪˡ̫޹ʹԹޣ̫֮ɢڡ
ʱ˿̵̫ѳ鼶Ʒս֮ǰһΣӡһЩɫ·
Ǻɫ·֮
״Щʲô
ʱ̫챮ı仯̫챮ԵʣΪŵľӡ
һ˿֮߶̫챮ų̫֮ù֮ɱ䣬ɱɵ̫Ͽ˾·
·ͺоǹϵһģһ
·߶
ûκγɣ㽫ע뵽̫ľ·ϣԻɫĺɫ·
ʱ׵鼶Ʒε̫һǿ˱ޱӯ
Ȼûк̫ϣѩбеٶȣǱ֮ǰһֹ
ǶԻɫɢŵľ֮˻һɫźɫ·⣬Զߡ
һĻúͷ׷ŵٽˡ
ۿžҪ׷ⱻϡѹñӵСӸնɱգۼСȴһӱٶȱñ죡
ôܣӷŸո̤ؾңȴѽʵ壡
𾪣
òزȻˡ
Ѫ飬ҳ֣
һһͷѪɫ飬˲۳
һͷѪɫӰѾʵ壬·һͷѪޣų
Ѫǽӵķ
ңܹ֮Ϊƹ󶥼֮һΪѪ
Ѫ֮󣬱ɱ¾ΪˣӵϴŨɱսɱϣ
Ѫ鸡֣˾ͻһɱٶһ·ϰѩ׷ڻΪѪɫˮ
ѪһǰӵΪ֮һ
ǣʵ飡
ܵɱ¾ѹԼԽԽӰɫһ
ȥĻǱ֮飬ܹһˣ
ȻѪ͸޾ɱ¾Ϣǰǿ˲ֹһΣҪȵĻǿ϶Ȳľ֮顣
ֱȽϣǻڸӵеǸƷ
ʹ½սƷ֣֮似Ʒ֣֮飬϶ͬƷ֮֡
ǰĴ飬ͨεģ̫飬еӥ飬ڰٵĳǹȵȣζࡣ
Ȼʱ˿̣Ѫ飬ȴǱЩ鶼Ҫ߳һΡ
ӵеĵڶ飬֮飬Ҫ鶼֪߳Ρ
֮飬·Ƭ½֮⣡
Ʒ֣֮ڻ޷Ӵ׻ʵ̫ˣƽʱӴˣƷûи
ϾƹУ󶥼֮ޣ϶Ʒ
ȻҡҡĪңƾʲôΪƹ󶥼壿
ԺЩֻһ˲¡
׷ᣬԽԽҪ֮ʱͻȻǰһɱ֮˹
ʲô
һݣ̧ͷǰȥ
еǰһѩȳǰѩ֮ͻȻͳĹɹ
ΪһˣֻһƤ£ͬҰһţ͸ޱǿϢҲصǿߣ
ɹڶ֣ѩ֮һǰһ
ȻǴٽŵܾˣ
Ƥ˴Ц벻еܣ׷ɱһؾСӶѪ飬ЦЦ
仰˵꣬һ͵Ϣȫ
ţһѿĴ֣ѪһӰʵ壡
ֻоУƤ˵Ŀ飬ƷѰ˵һѪǰǿʢ
ŵƤȻһս²Ķ֡
š
ƽ׵ԶԶƤ˵Ӱɫһ䡣
ǲţĹɹ˵ȴҲһв
ٸߣǻᱻĹġ
ǧ˵ľӣܽȫɱ
Ȼɱ֮ˣǾͷȥ
ſŴЦųһ磬ڷ˹ȥ
ˣΧ
һ£üؾصĴ󽫡ؾڶصƫһɱȥ
һ󽫣Ȼ֮ǰͲмսĴӣʯӰ
űǵõӵϢŻ
صĹɹǷ׷׳ѩȣ˷·̼佫Χ
źüɹ󽫣ԼҲǾ
ɣɹЩˣ治֣
ŵģŲٳԹѵǾõ˵ĵ˾ѣ˲Ų֣
ô˵뵽εսȥ
˫һҺɫ⣬ѩ֮ڿٱжȥ˳ʩչԾһԾɣܿԶ˺Ѿսѩȡ
Ѿ뵽ɹĹУ
ȻһжǱƣڵšѹƹǾ޷ȥˡ
취ҵ常˵
δʧ򣬴һʼҪսսȷĿꡣ
ǱǾȳ糤裡
ڱıݺȻһ⣬Ҳδôϡ
߾ӡںηܹԼٶ硣
ܻشƹһҲҪȥȥֻϢ


131 Ӫ
һ·ɹжȥܿһѩɽɽͷ
˵ɹʮפѩɽ֮УܴһɹСܹС
ţΪᳵ·
ӪʸܻвѲ߶飬˵Ҫ±ȥҸѲ߶顣
ȻѩɽרŴνǰУûã㿴ǰһСӹɹѲߡ
һܹˣȴûһġ
һѲ߶֣ƺ̫׵Ҳ޷αװһˣӪȥ常䡭
ţת뿪ûоԷκˡ
ãҵһһؾһصСѲ߶ӣܹʮˣΪ׵С֮⣬඼ءصޡ
йɹȫƤɫսķƷսȻס
ϸһµΣȷѾûѲ߶ӣҪˡ
ǻɱˣû취Ϣɱʮˡ
Ȼ˵ײˡ
ȭԻȪ
۾֮һȭͻȻʱһȪ֮·⻯˲佫СӵʮȫС
֮ʴ֮£ʮһʱ֮ȫ嵱
ɱ
оǹɨɱǹӰ˲佫Է֡
֮䣬ʮȫ˾ǹ֮£
ǺͬؾһصСһɱǹû˿ֿء
ţǹѩϼ̶£ֲһѩһӡ
㽫ʮһ˵ʬȫѩӣʱԵĻʬ𼣡
Լ·ͬӽѩ֮УȻؾһصС·ԼݵƣСʬҲѩӡ
ڵңݱС׹ҸӪȥ
һУڳŴѩɽȥ
ɹӪأڲԶѩɽɽ֮Уɽֿ磬ֻ˲úϢ
С׹ģٳɽȶȥ;˼ɫҴңҲûᡣ
Ϊɹܹʮʵ̫ˣһǹɹ
ܿ죬ѩɽɽȿڡ
ɹɽȿڸɽϽҰɽȿڣԼ̵ľͷդΧסɽΧɽڣȫΪӪصȻϡ
ɽȣƹҪҪѹ
ޱ飬ź׹ͭսף㳯դӪشŶȥ
վסơ
ӪشԣվصϰˣӪصĴš
Ϊ׵ģһؾص󽫣
ӪشλãȻɹǲ󽫿أҲ൱顣
󽫶ȣƵʱδš
֮ǰ۲һߣ֪һҪӪضҪʾƵġ
С׹Ѳߣ˴η쳣Ҫ
Լɳȴ׳ͬʱЩǱӡ
Ȼʾһº׹ơ
ˣȥɡ
ֻ㿴һۣ˻֣Ź
Ѳ߶ԱǾ飬ֻŵģҪôࡣ
ʱ򣬴ѩɽҲһЩײеޣѲСһ򾡣ʱЩѪޣѲСӶˡ
飬ֻܱӣЩѲСӵޣԽԽˡ
ȴ޷˵ʲô
Ͼְֻţ
Ա飬ܣҲȥᣬ鷳
ֻؾһصСױƭŵ󽫣ؾڶأûôˡ
ΪؾڶصƫǲȥѲߵģƫȽ٣󽫺пϳ
ǻһؾһ֮ˣϢɱѲСӵˣһԷݾߣҪǱ͸ˡ
ǻ˹ɹľӪ
Ӫػ治С֪常ںδ
ɫĹ۲ܣȻĳӪһ·Сܶȥܿŵʧˡ
ѩɽɽȣƹسǻҪоӪвǧһһѰҵĻҲ̫˷ʱˡ
ڵɲ˷˿ʱ䣬Ϊ֪糤״ΣпֻҪϷֺɴ
Ѱ˸֮ͻȻһصĹɹץססͣһ棬
ҪҶɱ㣡
һ棬˸ҶǾֵɫ
أȴܸܵǰЮֵһСѾ飡
Ȼ֪ʲôĿģ治Һ˵
⣬ʵش𣬷ҪС
ٴξһ䣬漴ʵ֪糤𣿡
ԣ΢΢һ㶣漴֣ŲԶһָһָǸȫӪ
˵糤ǴУ
ӣѯʡ
أ
˼æͷ
ܺá
кâһۣʱŤ䲱ӣ
˸û뵽ͶˣأԴŲ˼֮ɫ漴Դһᣬ˵ϡ
ӽУŤͷߡ
ʬ屻˷֣˷֣˭֪µ֣
ܿ죬Ӫ񸽽ѲߵӣŴ
ӪУѲߵСһʱҲ˷֡
ţ㼯оʼ֮̽ڵ
񣬵Ӧȫͳ˧ɣҲ֪ͳ˧ӵ硣
ţܿ죬㷢УȻֻˡ
֮⣬ֻƫſˣ̫ſڳ֣ȥֻװѲߵ߶
֮еˣһ˻常糤裡
裬ȻѸ꣬УЩΣֵܷɸ봫ţҲץסѱѹ֮ƣ
һȴȵУȻȽᣬҲ
һ仰Щȡ
常糤裬ڹɹ֮кͶԷͳ˧ƽ͵ʲô
ǲ˵ֵܣ˵ѵ첻ɣ
ʱ˾
Ͻ²ܹ㡣
糤̾Ϣһ˵ûĴţҲҵɣȥġڴ˼ޣǱʥԺ֮ԣʱҲ֪ںη
ʥԺ
ͷһ˵ʣʲôʥԺȻԹ졣
ѵĸױڵǿ־ͽʥԺ
һݡ
ŷ糤ͶԷ׵Ͻ̸֪ϽȻǹɹ֮ˣȴһЩ飡
ȥ䶸
Ӫſڷ򣬴һһӪһӻ
˴ɱ
ɹӪУ˷
һŮЫЦһٻӰʱ֮Уһ֣㽫ſڵƫնɱ
Ȼǡǧ
һӰʱ˴͡
ǧ˿֮Ůǧ˿ǧȻ˹ɹӪ֮УƺɱɹĽ


132 Ͻ
һۼǧʱ̶㵽֮󣬷ֹ䷢֡
ʱŹɹСͭףոһۣǧûݣΪʱǧҪǴɱɹϽ
ǧȻﵽأ
ĸܵǧ磬Ȼ£
Ȼ֮ǰڻŲֵʱǧأ̶̵ʱڣܱø죿
ѵ˵ʼʱǧʵ
ǿ˹ǧɹӪأȻһܹ赲ŵƫǧһбնɱˡ
Ͻףʱ˿̣ȥӭսҵҪ˭ܱ
ǧ͸һĨݶ漴ܽ
ţб㴫һƺߣǺͷ糤ԻϽȻǧһƣ
ϽˤУ糤ȴվ
ס֣
糤һ

ǧЦ糤裬еǰȴڵйӪأԷͳ˧ģѹֹ֮һˣҲзݣ
Ҳãǧ㽫ѹɱڴˣ
仰£֮ڱ㴫һȻǧҪԷ糤趯ˡ
⣬λס
ʶǹɹϽףԶ֣ǧҪԷ糤趯֣ȴԹۣ
ȭԻȪ⻯Ȫ֮·
֮⣬㳯ǧڴһȭ
ʱһ֮ͷ˺ѳһѷ죬ͬʱһ⻯ĻȪ֮·˲佫еǧУ
һĻڵķ糤ֱһ㶡
С
糤̲סһ֮Ϣ֪˾ӣĶӣ
Ȼڳ־ȴǲʱˣ
ǧʵѾﵽؾأͷųѾʵ飬һжס
常ˡ
һȭкâ˸ûκͣͣһȭڵϡ
һۿžҪŶɫǧУȻʱǧȴһѹ
ϵĲ࣬ǧ㱻Ȫ֮·֣Ҳδʧ೤ʱ䡣
ֻһ˲ѾӦһ㿪Ǳľ
ԭ㡣
ǧһϳݣһЦҵҪʲôͣ㻹Ƿ糤裬ǰͬһ㣡
£һ̧֣ۣһϢȻ
ֻߵѹô£
ܵǧɢĻϢвһݡ
ʱ˿̣û˿ʱ˼˲ͷų֮һ̫Ӱ֣ɢһǧĻѹԿ
ȭֻأ
ʱֵǧĻѹһȭǧ
һȭ޾ֻصϢɲ֮󣬱㽫ǧУɫΪ֮һ䡣
ʲô
Ϊо羹Ȼһӵһأ
龰ֱδţ
磬ʱ˿ֻʣؾأȻԸͷ糤ûʲô⣬ǣȴɹ죡
ǧһҧ޺޵һۣת֮ȥ
ۺʱסԼҪģǧûҪðգ
һ뿪ѹʱһգȴδɾ衣
ΪڵӪ
Ťͷȥ糤һʱȥǱǧһƴɵϽԣ
һۣϽһͨĻҰײۣӴϸһ
ȻϽ˫ȴžһǱɣ
ʱ˿̣ϽǧһƣƺˣãȻĿ⣬ȴȻޱȼᶨ
裬ŮޣǳŮ
Ͻף͸žâѯʵ
ǧ̺ͳŮ
糤شϽڸоΣ
ˡ
Ͻҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ裬վԵйСޣ˷Ҫ뿪Ӫؿºˡ֮ʣΨΪʣһδЮ뿪Ӫأ
ʹã
糤ɫһ䡣
裬ҲɳʿĪҪĥĥ䣡
Ͻն˵͸żᶨ
⡭ðɡ
糤˼Ƭֻ̣ܵ˵ͷڵȷʵǲٳϽף˴ˣ
常λϽǣ
ʱܹڲ˻ѯʡ
Ͻ㸸һЩ飬ԭΪѴؾأֻϧһսˣֻܷӳ˾صʵ
糤򵥽һ䣬漴ƷսͭŽһӺϽײӸǰ
Ȼ糤ѾãȻʱ˿̣ȫҲ͸һĨɱ֮
Ǿþɳ֮ζڸǲ˵ģ
Ͻˡ
糤˵⻰˱ͬĽٳһ㣬һ׺֮ɫ
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Ҹ׵飬ȴ֮常Ӧûȫ˰ɡǧ̣Щʲôˣ
ɻȻ֪ھѯЩʱ
ֳ־ǹһȵܵ˷糤Ͻ׵ǰͷ
ǰͷ
ᶨ˵
ڷ糤ܷӳսֻأǰͷΣԴӣҲ飬
һ㷢ִʱɹӪضҳһš
ǿߣȥ׷ɱǧˣʣ²ҪӪϽףȻȴһۼױ糤ٳֵĳ
ȫ˿Ͻ
һȣǹɨǹӰɢʱЩδļһȫˡ
һȥӪ֮ȫͷȻϽ׵ڷ糤ûκһ˸
ſϽزú
ȺУйɹóЩ̺ŶϽ׵ޱء
ϽףڹɹŲС
ΪˣЩͶһ
ŷ糤ףһ·Ӫشȥ;ɹһ׷׸óһ·
ȫ£
Ͻ⼫ϵȣΧɹͷһ漴˵øԶˡ
ͷ糤裬ٳ֡Ͻףɱ߳˹ɹӪء
ؾڶصƫؾصĴ󽫣ʱ˿̣ûһͷ糤裡
ˣҪ뿪Ӫذ벽Ͻûˣ
߳˹ɹӪأתвŹɹ漴ЯϽףһ·ͷ糤һûããѩɽ֮С
ɹӪ֮У˿ԼϽ˽ߣȴһ취ûС
Ϊ֮ǿʮˣܳȥ׷ɱǧˡ
û㹻İգǲҶ֣ʱһϽıɱǿɾͳΪˣ
ȥ֪ͨ󽫣ôȻ
ȺУһƫ̳׷Ͻ׷ɱָҪ
ɹӪ֮ˣ׷ж


133 
ܿ죬Ѿŷ糤Ͻף뿪˹ɹӪĹ۲ⷶΧһεСѩɽ
Ͻױǧһƻɣ˼أھͿҪˡ
Ͻô
ͷ糤裬˽Ͻӷ£ѩ֮ϡ
ңˡ
ϽײͣؿȳѪȴޱȼɫ裬˵ֵܵĶӡ

糤˵

Ͻ׿Ѫдڴ츳ɲ㸸ײպɾͣضͬ졭ңԽԼͷ㣬ܹصƹϴˢѹԩҲΪһ¡
ţ
üͷ΢壬ֱڣ㲻Ͻ׾Լʲôϵ
ڴˣȻҺҴӦ
ӦϽɣ飬һȫ㡣
糤ɫص˵
ǧڹɹӪУȥ֮󣬱ضѹ
ǻȥƹôҲֻϽ׵ͷȥϴˢѹԩˣ
糤ȻᣬҲóϽڵϦ
ƹʦۼһҲ޷Ȼȥ罫ͷȥ
ҪǣϽףҲδɵԸҪȥɡ
ǺðɣϽҴӦ㡣
˵Ͻ׵˵ͷ
ǣҿɾͷˣ󣬽ͷ£ƹءһ常ѹԩȻᱻϴˢ
ϽһοΪ£˵ʵҲ£Ǿǡɱ

ԣһ
֣ǵһˣеʱ׺ͷ糤ͶԻ˵ǧĸס
Ҫɱǧĸף
ȻδüӦײϵһɣ˱ѩ֮С
һ˫УأԴڴͲʵɫ
ڴĳһܽɱ𣡵ȴҲʣûۼ֮
Ͻ
糤ɫ΢䣬һ쵽ױǼһ̽
һ֪̽Ͻˣ
С䣬߰ɡ
糤վбͭŽԥһ׵׼ն£С
漴һѩڳһӣʬ˽ȥ
Ķ˵ĹЩݡ
Ȼ֪糤Ͻ֮ĹϵٲǾԵĵжԣʱ˿̣糤边˹ϵն׵׼
СǱ߱˵ɹܿ׷ˡ
糤׼תߡ
Ҳδԥɱɵ̫չһɫƣͬ糤һ𣬻һҺ⣬ٳƹط·ضȥ
ͬʱӷ糤ĿУйԼ£

ʮǰ
ɹͶչϣһƹ
ҸԵʵ˶٣ϣԭҪƹԴḻռԹϷ֣Ȼȴû뵽ƹһɳͽǿߣ
ˣĸף졣
ʱΪɹչԴɱǹһǹնɱˣŷɥ
ǧ˿̣껹һǵŮ
ƹŮһȫӢۣڳɫ츳ܹΪĸ֮һ
սķ꣬Ҳ꣬Ȼʼնûжʲôо
ϲ̣
жԵĹɹУϽףʱʮֵ꣬׳֮꣬䡣
żȻһζ֮УѴؾص׼̣ʱΪˣ⡣
ƾ׵磬вֹһᣬԽ°ߣǿռУȻȴδˣٰ׷
սϣƾУǹɹӵ޿ɱľ츳
ϧԷɸ봫
˹ϵ֣ģͣȻսϣ˫Ȼî˾ҪԷնɱ
Ϊ˱ϾվڶӪ
ֱʥԺŮӣ˲ͱͬŮһı
һ飬ޱ顣
㣬ڵģ
˵꣬뿪죬ڴƹУ˳
Ǵƹ֮ˣΪƹүʱĳֻһ츳ԵĻϵ
ʱĳѾչʾ˼ǿ츳ԼȨı츳ڴƹʳ֮зƸ꣡
ӱֿʼսʼת䡣
죬Ϊ˾ͱ˫˫ɣսϸɱϣһսڽʱֵƹڵĹɹչϳƹء
һսйһˣɱоǱߣڰս
Ȼһսȴδ룬ޱɻ
ڵ֪ȻǴƻĳףˣһΪصĲΣ
ˣǳûѳ׺ķɸ봫Ӷ춨һѹ
ϵʱԱǿʥԺڶǿߣ׷׳졣
ʥԺ˳ԭȻǱôһҰܹϵģ
ʥԺǿߣڳ£ʧ˲֪ǿ֮󣬽쳹˴ƹҽҲץʥԺٸ
յںδѰȻ֪ҲֻʥԺ֮˺ͳ֪ˡ
챻ƹ֮ڽүүıӻ£糤Ȼ˷Ҹ
ңֻүүֻϧ죬ʱҲζסˡ
ʥԺ̫ǿᣬƻ壬ʥԺ֮ǰñϥ˵һҡ
Ժ󣬳Ϊ˴ƹүΪƹȨļ֮һ
̣֮ȻΪʩչıֶΣʧһ˳Ĺ⡣
Ȼȴʼ죬ôϺͳɻ顣
̽ǧ˿ţŮȡΪǧ
ǧȻĻãֲþԳơǧ˿Ҳû˸ҷ
һݣڵ֪ʵ࣡
һǰǧ˿ΪҪ˵ӦñǱǳˣ
ʱٵڳϿеġһλֻǳһˡ
һǵʱƹһͳ˧ϵҪãȻ
ѹ֣ǳ԰֣ԼķĹ
кâ֡
ڽƹʮ֮һҪǾƹߴŵӰ
ֻҪõƹߴŵķƻͳضøǿߴţԽԽ
ǧʵȻѾﵽؾأ϶ǳڰֲϻʤ
ٸѹ
ؾأڵ˵Ȼ޷ƥеĴڡ
ǧǶ֣


134 ׳
δġ
俪ʼĸʱ䣬лƾľӡδزʱǧ
ˣЩ£һ£Ǵ˴ǴƣĿġ
糤˵ĿԶŶ
Ŀģ
һܣһ΢üͷ

糤˵ͷϽ˵˴סƹأֻעͬʱסƹĿ꣬׳أ
׳أ
ʲô
δⶫ̲סѯʡ
糤Žͣ߾һ׳أ죬Ȼ¡ЩӣòϢرɹСӣǲϽףţһƹ֮ǰ׳أҪռر
һȻǿסôסӰ֮ˡ
ᱦʱɻıǻҡ
ȨĹɹСӣ׳صرΪӣκ˽ߣ
ΪһرɹСӾ˶סƹأĺ
ü˵
ɹСӣ츳ǿҴƹŴֵһȡ
糤п丸ǹɹպпڹɹҴƹУ
ɹʹƹֲͬ
ڴƹǻҡҡĪң󶥼ۣƿžԴ
ڹɹʮɡͳɹ
ΪɹСӡ꣬丸ױǴʮ˴֮һʵǰ
ɹСӿ˵Ǻ绽꣬ˡ
ڴƹ͹ɹ߾׳أɹСΪ˶ռǲʮסƹأɼȨ죡
常׳أ֪٣
˳űѯ
׳֮ڣرջͦġ
ڵޱȼеҪʵ
ֻ֪׳أ׹رǿҪر֮ǰκ̤Уᱻ׻÷顣
糤߾Թ׵أÿ꽫رûʲô˻ǰ
ÿر
׳أ
ԣ̲ס뵽֮ǰ̫Ҳ㣬ͻر̫Ƭֱȡ˰̫챮
ô׳ǷҲˣ
ֱڣûŪ̫챮кã٣ѾͨӡƵĹ֮ɱ̫Ϊ鼶Ʒս
ңԻ̫챮ȫ
˵챮˺һľ֮˲ܹõϵģڵң̫챮ż
ţлٵõһ챮ȻӶࡣ
׳أпҲһ챮У

ͷ糤裬ЯϽ׵׼ƹط·ɱʱ
һƤĿӰڶɹ죬
ˣ׵Ķӣţ
֪Լױ°ߵϢ֮һĬվӪդſڴһԲ
ཫ죬վ࣬һ˵һ仰

ͻȻһ̽ԶԶ˹ҵϽˡ
ƤĿĿתƣȥȴԼ׵ͷʬ壬̽Ѱڵ̧˻
ǧ֮𣬲죡
˸޵Ĺâ
ٽϽŮɱǡ
Աһ󽫣к壬̲סš
סڣҵĸףû˱Ҹ˽⡣
һ˶ƾǣɱǧҪװˣǸҸպ֮ӣպĪҪȥ鷳
£иֳһĨں޵ɫ
ޣԼΪʲô¸ףܳȥ
ⳡ֮սֻǹɹСһֲǺͶԷһ
ڣȻڽƹͳ˧ٽˣԼĸȴǧɱ
Լ֮£к
ǧɱף˵ָʹƹү
³ɺޣһҪ㣡
ţ˸޹â
ţһֺˣǿ䣬κ˲뿪ѩɽΧд֮ѩɽͨ
˵꣬Լ׵ʬ壬һһ̤Ӫ֮С
ţ֮ˣ෴˼Ϊϸ壬Ȼĳ˭

Ϧ£ʱ֣ͷ糤һ·Уȴֹɹδ׷ɶЩ֡
ţϽ֮ţ츳ߣ˼ϸ塣
糤²˵˷ŻصӪأͳŹɹû׷ǰɡ
ţҵǼһ档
뵽˵ʱǴƤĿˣʱ֪ԷĹϵ
˵ĸףǶʮǰƺ͹Ĵ󽫾
ô˵֪ݣΪ˲Χʱ뿪ĻҪס׾١
ŷǳŹͬĵˣǱǴƻĳ
֮ͺ糤ûκιϵûͷ糤裬һ
ȻδʲôҵǶԴЩڴˡ
ţ˵պĳһԸʱűһ֮
ȻڵԸ̫Զˡ
Ůǧ˵ǲսʤ˵ڵĳ
٣ǳĶ֣ǧ˿˹ɼʵڵǿ̫̫ࡣ
常ͭŽôУ
ҪƹߴϿȵʱʲô̲סʡ
ǼǵãͭŽǽô
ѯʣ糤̾ϢһسҸ𣬽ͭŽˣԼȴ뿪˴ơ
뿪˴ƹҪȥĶ
üͷ΢塣
ڷûʲôУֻôҲǷ糤ŮʱԷȻ뿪˴ƹȻЩȡ
СΪܶĿ꣬ѵһεɽׯһУ÷̼ܵˣ
𰣬ѾؾڶصǿߣȻֻأ
׿ϵΪȻ鷳ҪԽĻڴƹȷʵϣã
糤̾ϢһҲ֪ںηǵġС֪Щ֣պϣ㿴常ϣĪҪΪˡ

û˵
ֹЩ֣ɼȥɱˣǸպʱӡǣһʬ
ĸԣûзŹĵ
Ȼʹ½ȫΪ
ƾӡһ·߸ͽһԲ׷ˣ˵в
Ȼˣڷ糤ϣδܷŹ
ֻǰᵱȻǷ
常ҴӦ㡣
֣صͷ̧ͷͨƹصĴϿȳߵС
ͷ糤裬ŹɹϽ׵ͷ­Ҫʲô֤˵ͷ糤衰ѹ


135 й
ƹأߴϿȡ
˪ߴϿȣѳΪƹɹ֮أСĵһϿȣ޵ʬǡ
ͷ糤裬ЯϽ׵׼ѩⲽ
ףǱǧɱȻ׼ȴС
մƹɷ⹦ͱͷ糤ġ
Ͽкһ˶ûС
ϿɪȴûиܵκϢЩɻ
ʱ򣬼㲻ǽսʱڣƹҲ϶ǲһЩѲСϿо䣬һ˶ûС
˵ʾΧɱѲʲô£
糤üͷ΢壬²
ôȥ֪ˡ
̧ͷߴϿȣѡ·ĵϿȣϿȣΣգΪƽ̹Ļһ۾ܹˡ
һ·ƹȥܿ쿴ƹҪŽգΨгǽ֮ϣϣвٴƹڲt䡣
һͷ糤裬Щƹ׷ɫһ䡣
ѹ֮ˣһŵйСͭս
׼ż
Ϊ׵ľ죬̳ſȹâ
֮ǰٽصƹأΪѹ֮ˣɱ⣡
⾯죬ôҲû뵽ѹʱǰ
ܹնɱ˴󹦣ƾ˽ύٽ
Ȼ׼żʱȴһ
Ͻ׵׼Уȳ۾˹ɹϽ׵ͷ쿪ţ
⻰һǽ˶ʱһ
ɹϽף
֣˵ھ˲֪˲˭֪ʮǰսУɹƾ׹ƹأ
ȻүƷϵΪϽףȴȻǲ˵جΡ
֮ܶ˵ĸϽУ
˵ϽףǴƹУڣ׼ƹس֮£
ţ
˷׷ɻ
ѹ֮ŵоͳ˧׼֣飬ʵЩ˼
Ѳɣ֮ǰǼװѹԱӽо
ȥٽ
֪鲻һСӳܹģҪٽС
Ȼˣκ˲ţйѹ֮飬ٽӦûİɣ
ٽ֮ţ
ܿ죬Ϣˡ
š
ٽȻΥ
£ƹؽŵĳţٴο
ͨĳţȼıһϤӰźɫµĲУڳſӭ
ʦ֣
˸к
ʦܣ
дЦһ֪㲻ʧȻȴû뵽㾹ŵоͳ˧׼ˣʦҴһ
δ˵ʲôͷ糤һ֮󣬱̤߽ƹء
ӭģΨвһˣƹеգƺԵЩɻ
ƹ֮ԣѹʵʦ֣ƾǲǳʲôˣô
һʣиЦ⣺зٽΧˣѾչأ½κ˲
ˣ
Ϣɫ΢䡣
ԭˣ
ôɹٽţȷӵзǷܣͳսǿˡ
ֻϧǧ㣬û㵽ǧ֣ȥɱĸף
ٽΣҪҪ
΢΢һЦ˵
ˣ˵ȻǸϢ
ӦްѪȴԷ̫ˣҪǳСѩʱڸϵû
ҡͷ˵
Сѩ
һ֣ڽƹ֮ǰޣðӣϵ
벻һڽؾȳôҲ벻İɣ
ûҲãȡɡ
š
ԼĶ֣ȻܼˣȻʵǿᣬȻΨнܣ̤ǿ磡
ΨһĿ꣬ҽһһܣ֮ĲŻȹ̣
ˣʦ֣֪Ƿǧ
뵽ʲôͻȻʵ
ƹء
ɫֻ˵һѹ֮ˣȻ뿪ƹأ֪ȥ˺δ
ʦ֣֪Ѿؾأ
üͷ΢壬ʵ
ʲô
һ㶡
ؾأ
ôܣ
ǲŸո̤ؾô
ʶķһ䡣
ԣ֪̾ǧĳַ磬޷ʵ
ţ㽫ڹɹӪ飬˵һ顣
ȻڶʮǰĶԹԹûбҪ߲ˡ
ԭϽ׾ɱϽ׵׼ȴأ⹦ͣմƹɷǵġ
г˵˵ĸºϣǧĶˣ
δ׳صϢ߲С
ǵط׼ǰΪʵ̫ΣգǲУɹСУҲֻ·һ
Ȼս¸һ䣬Һ常ҲȻسˡ
˵
ôż
ЦȡϽ׵׼˴󹦣ضмνСѩķͽУӦҲһˡ
СѩھȻ˴󹦡
Ͻ׵׼ͬ˴󹦣
ԭΪǧ粵һȴ벻Էûƹأ뿪ˡ
ѵץʱȥ׳أ
ţԲС
һ·أǲ·ˣƹϢҲã˳㿴ʲô

ȥ죬ƹ֮Ϣͬʱ鼶Ʒ似ֻأ˳ǰ̫챮
ʱ֮ڣصзͳ˧Ͻ׵׼鴫ƹأʮ֪
һ˭ѹ֮ˣ
֮ǰϵñӣ͹ɹƫɱ飬ڲеͷųʱӡʱҲơ
ƹȫӢۣ
Ȼ֮е޷ֹ
Ψ´Ҳ۹͡
Ͻ׵׼ڴƹһӱйڶгһӢۣ
£Ӱ켫ΪԶĵ¶ϽЩм
ϽİɣΪ㣬ΪԼҲһὫǳնɱ
֮ڣһģ
֮󣬷ʹھС
ٽˣ޷μӣֻɹͷɽΪ֡
ƹسĹ㳡ϣϽ׵׼ߴʾ˼ڹ㳡֮ϣ۹ͣ
˴ս£ʱһ䣬ģȻǾĽ޳СѩԼصзͳ˧׼
˶۷׷ף֪ʲôķͣ
Ͻȷͽұ뿪ƹأع
վȺǰ̧ͷϽ׵׼Ȼ֮ɫ
׵ΪӮأ
˼ڷϣڷ֮󼴽Ҫȥ׳أԼϽϣ


136 Ծ
ƹ֮Уڹ㳡֮ϡ
Ȼ˴ɹ֮սݣҲв´󹦣Ϊ˳ƵģȻǳСѩ
СѩȻֻؾڶصĽޣȻȴӵмսڹؼʱ̽ٽ˻
踺أڱΪѹ֮󣬾ǱɹӪأзϽ׵׼˳
ˣǴ˴ηͻǡ
ٽˣӰӶû֡
ͷɽ󽫣ڹ㳡룬ҧгݵġṦΰ
ɽˡ
ˣȴȻ´󹦣Ҫͣ
Ȼɽ䲻ˬȻڴĹ֤ͣȷ䣬ôǲܵġ
ʮɲϹ
ǿжԸĻűӰˣϵ뱲ӵľģȻ᷸ɵ
żԸУûκв
ȻҪǣ¶˶ˣվΥ֮
ںĵصоϽ׼ѱʳǡ
ɽڹ㳡룬޺޵үͣɻʹ鼶ƷҩԾ𵤣
Ծ𵤣
ĸһڣʱƹ֮˷ˡ
Ծ𵤣˵Ǵƹ߼Ľ̺ŨǴһҫ
ԹʹԾ֮ˣնΪ˴ƹǿߣ绽꣡
С⡭
վһķ糤裬ʱˡ
ôܣүʹ͸һöԾ𵤣
Ծ𵤣˵ǴƹƷߵĵҩˣ
һöȥ츳Ѱ֮飬ؾǿֱһ磡
ȻԾ𵤡
һߣԣҲһ
նɱзϽף⹦ͣӦҲʹԾ𵤰ɣ
οҲ֪үƺŲٳԹǴ˹ʦ𣬰٣
³
оâ
ȻȫˣĽõԾ𵤣Ȼȴ˾衣
үδı棬ֻǴϽ׵׼͹ʸʹʹƹˣ
ԴˣǾԲŵģ
Ծ֮Уʲô
۾̨ȥ
ڹͷɽĽʺ޵ĿУӹһĺľӣУƹõҩԾ𵤣
ܹƳԾ𵤵ʦƹֻһˣˣһֻΪҷ
Żĺľӣص֮ǰվĵطû
ڣоԾ𵤵ʱ
޳СѩӪͳ˧йʹ鼶ƷҩѩһöԼ鼶ƷսսɽׯԲΪСѩ֮أ
ͷɽСѩķ͡
鼶ƷĵҩͷսϷԲķأʹͶڳСѩһ˵Ѿ൱ҺĹǺϡ
ֻһʱһ㶡
ƹȻɽׯ˳Сѩ
лʹ͡
СѩźɫðȵǰӴɽнӹƷҩƷսԼһöɽׯ֮ơ
˵ɽׯɢȥԻ˵Ѿû˿ֵ
۾һ֮أȡһǿߵģ̣Ȼò
ԣû˵ʲôֻ̲ס躮
Сѩȥɽׯ᲻躮²
ô˵СѩٽӴһ
ţɽ²ƫʼһЩޣɱԽģʹԽࡣ
УСѩȥӪһȺޣ˲սսһء
⵹ҲӦϾΪ˾ȳСѩڶ཭ޣˡ
Ĺͣ
ΪˣСѩʱһأȻܵͣȴûаϲɫ
߿һۣСѩӦҲǸ֮ˡ
ʹᣬһʱ䡣
֮˷׷ɢȥÿ˶һЩʹ͡
ǲкͷ糤裬ûгڱ͵ϡ
˵Լˣʦȴ´󹦱ʹԾ𵤣ٽȻˬ
еȻһЦδûзͣʹ㣬үҺ常Ȼ󷽵ʹ͡
ʹʲôģһͣҲˡ
糤̾˿˵
常ܵˣɷܹԭ
ŷ糤ѯʵ
ˣϽһģһݴΨ鼶߼˵ҩпܸԭ
糤ҡҡͷСԾǴƹ߲εĵҩҪԾ𵤸õĵҩοܣҪκˣҲö˼ҪԼΪ
ðɡ
˵ͷ
鼶߼˵ҩڵ治ܵõⲢ
ܽ糤κãô糤ָܻǰ磬³Ϊһǿߣ
ʹ½ǿΪ𣬷糤˶ʮ꣬ζָʵ
ֻɹ˾Ͻףûָܻɼõһö˵ҩѶ֮ߡ
˷ˣҲûȥˡ
Ⱥɢȥ֮󣬷糤ǣһƥս֮׼뿪
ɹ֮ˣϽɱ᲻ٴθ
üͷ΢塣
ǲ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷδ׳˵ֻǵ˫ˣɹɱҲͻƹأͽԷӦòô
ҲԣȻˣҲûȥˡ
Щڴзƴɱ֮ҸоƿҪͻƣһȥչһܹӥʵ壬ͻƵؾأ
ǲʦ֣ͷһ·ϱ常
һЦҵǵȥǳСѩġ
ǲһ뿪ô
Щ졣
ˣʦͻƿҪȻ֮ʱ»ܸǧ
ҡҡͷ˵
Ҳԡ
֣˵ȻˣʦǧҪСģȻˣֵȴв߹ĪҪݺˡ
ʦַģһС¡
صͷ
кͷ糤裬һ뿪ƹأڷȥ
תƹ֮ڵסȥ
СѩڶĽޣʱһƬסϢ
йɽׯ飬ҳСѩʣպʲô㣬¶㶨ͻǰ׳أȥûлõʲôô
𣿡
һƬס˸ϢĽѯʡ
һʱһæվϴϢأϴ˵ˣǧҪȥ

ƺЩƣʱƹʮ˶ôƺ׵Ӱ졣
ʵϣǾ֮ˣںĵӶѡ
ڳСѩڵԼе⣬⵹ҲǺ£ȥ˲鷳
̤ŲӣǽޣһѩľݣСѩǰĿ
ܵ˽Сѩʱ۾һʱһЦֵܣû´Ȼˣ


137 ֮
СѩϢķ֮·Ľޱȥˡ
֣ô֪Ҫ
ڱʡ
ֵܣ֪ڣʶɽׯ躮ϵ
СѩվųһЦǽ޵ϢһͨɽׯȫޣҲеϵ

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ܿ죬ֳԾ𵤣˾ӡþӡʼԾе
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Сѩѩ鼶ƷҩöҩѾҹˣٴηõĻЧֻеһηõһ롣
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䣬Ǵƹߴһ̨ߣֻߴһĵӡ
νһ䲻ʮ꣬粻õء
вǰ˵ڴƹŴ֮УԼڵڰˣϵŵǿ߶ڵھš
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140 ׳
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ڷţӡһϢ׳ḻʺ

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ԭֻǴоӡڵĻܽ׳Ҳܵ˾Ϳˡ
ڣӡȻ׳е״
Եÿп࣬Ϊˡ
̤ã࣬˷ħһ似
״Ҳһĵֻ϶ħʱʹ࣬ЧҲǿ
˸âȻӡᣬһ԰ɣ


141 
Դ̤ؾ͸о;ӡ֮ϵһЩ
ڵľ֮飬ʱᴫһЩģϢ׳УЩ׵
ʱ˿̣ȫ׵ĺ֮ռݣ׺κ
ףҹգ֮£׽֯һƬվʯϵ
ȻǱѩ֮أȻ׳֮УȴһѩûС
һƬ޾Ļ֮أڳµ׺£ϵʯüΪӲѾ͸Щ⡣
壬ڵң޷ֱӳЩֱӺֻԾӡյд
ţʼӡһ˿յ֮
׺ͷᱻӡգھӡ֮Ѿ֮ˡ
һ˿ף˲ȫԣƾڵΪֻǱ絽һ£Ѿ
ƾħЩԵף޷ã
Ȼȴҧأʹһ˿𽥹ᴩȫ뵽С
һ˿˶һӱѣûжʱ̱˼Ӳʯϡ
ӡԴ̫ŵ׺
Ȼһ˿ףѾ̱ڵء
־ᶨʵʵ޷סЩ׵Ļֻһ˿Ҳ㹻ʧȥȫս
ȴδֹͣ
ӡһ˿ףһ˿ȵһ˿ҪһЩҲǿһЩ֪⽫˺
ȻҪɹ׵˺ǱҪĹ̡
Ϊܹӵиǿʵһʹ඼ܹܣ
һ˿һ˿֮գһУǿ־֧š
һˣпڵһ˿ʱ򣬾Ѿʹòټȥˡ
Ȼȴ˿ûмϹ
չ֫ƽ׳룬׺ϣȻ󱻾ӡա
ٴӾӡһ˿˿ף
һһҹȥڿԳСָϸ׺ľ֮ʱǿʮ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴѴﵽ˼ޡ
Ҫһʼ״ƤʱͻȻǰһڣ˾˹ȥ
⣬ǾӡǿϢ
¾ӡҲû뵽Ȼôƴ
Ϊ˷ֹܲסױӡֻǿʧȥʶ
ԹȥоԼ·һط
ξǽ֮ǰļξ
Ȼһ
ۣΧȥԼƯڰ֮УһƬĻֺء
ǰ֮ǰġĴˡ䣡
ȥʱ⡰Ĵˡ֮Уǿޣϳڲ֮С
вپǿߣ̤ܽգУ
ԭڼм䣬ǴӵϹ۲죬δգû뵽ⲿо˶Ŀֲǿߣһ̤նС
ЩǴ˵˺һǿ
Ȼ
ƹ˺һǿߣҲԲһ֮Ҽٳǰ
ھǰһ䣬˺һǿߣ
ǰת
ڲ䳡Уʮ꣬׷ͷų飬ƴɱд裬Ϥ似á
Щ꣬һ˵츳õƹǶΣ
Уһʮ꣬Ѿﵽһľ磬˺һ⴫˵еľ磡
䣬˺һ磬ֻһͨĲΰˡ
Щͷŵ飬ȫǾ֮飬ʩչ似ҲǾȭбȾȭǿ似ֶΡ
Щһһ
ܹ֪Щеξָþӡʵϣ۲Щ䳡едսȷС
ת
ڲһéУһߣڽһЩ
Ƭأ磬̺ǧͨƿط򣬴Ӷƿ֮ɾ
Щ򣬹ĸƷʯ񼶣쾧ʯΪС쾧򣬼Ϊǿֲܿ
޴⾳ʼϡơշҪշǰǴﵽؾֻ򡣡
챮Ҫ̺Ķǵķؾ֮ˣͨ챮Ѹ򣬴Ӷӳǿ
֮⣬ǰܹضط뵽ķУֻҪķܸӷ򡭡
һԣ˵ʱȻ
ԭطձڵģҾȻǧ֣
ʯ񼶣쾧
ĸƷطҲȫͬ챮̺֮ķ򣬱ǵķ
ô˵취򡢶ϵȵȣֻĻʯ
ƹ󶥼ķ񼶵ķΪˣܹ徭ò˥
Ȼõ̫챮ȴ̺ŵķ򣬹ȻȴʾѪȵȸǿ
еЩС
ֻϧûдﵽؾζ򣬶
ؾӦþ˺һ˰ɡ
ˣֻҪ̫ܽĲΣڴƹѾǽӽ޵еĴˡ
Ȼһеǰᡣ
һһصޣ̫Ҳκһؾ޵Ķ֡
ţǰҪתȴ˵һ仰
ǾĲսʿĴˣֻҪ츳̫նվķ򣡾ķھǧַ֮ϣΨһǿķ򡭡
ƿȻߵ仰ȴԺлص
ķ
ǿ
ھǧַ֮ϣķ򣬾Դھӡ
⻰δϲӼĵĳء
ǿԽε׵ľͱã
вͶ
ǴƻңôǿҲǰǿߣ񼶷ķŻú˵档
ȻĴ˵Ĳ䣬Ĳ䣬ȴƺδʲôǿߡ
ֻ֪һͷ̫֮ʱⲿڵɽ֮УѵǾܴ֮ôã
˵ЩǴҪġ
ؼǣһμŮӣɴ߹ȴ֣˭
ΪΣſ¾ӡ
Ĳ䣬Ĵˣںη
Щ⣬Ծûеõ
Ȼ䣬ʶѹڶ׺ٴδ
˫ֻۣ֣ڻع


142 ׷
ڲôʱֻҪʵһܽ⿪е⡭
ڵ˵ҪĻ壬ʵ
ʶѣӾӡһףԼĽǡ
ʱħʱ򣬱ǴӾʼǣƤ⣬Żеࡣ
ǽѪҲǱܽħȻ֮
ֻϧһֱûпнħȻ硣
ʱ˿̣ƾ壬Ͳݴˡ
״˴һһҹʱ䡣
ǣ㻨ҹʱ䣬ȫжһ˿׵ӡ׷򡱣
׷ͬ챮̺ķƷΪ
챮طȻɵκ˵Ǽѵõı
ֻ챮λöΪΣȻ̺ķ̫ܲ׳صȵȣҪõ챮ȴǼΪѡ
ڴƹε˵ֻǵõÿһʱֵ챮ƬǼΪҵ顣
Ȼڣȴһӵ챮
̫챮ʼ̫򣬶ʱ˿̣壬յȫ챮
ϣ챮ʣ޼ˡ
Ƥ⣬ʱ䡣
ѭ򽥽Ĵÿһ׶ҪѵʱԽԽ

º
ɹСӣǲڶɹΧ׳Ѳߣʼûм׳г
˿ӿԿ϶Ѿ׳ˡ
ֻǣԭڴƬӦǰ˲Ŷԣʱȥ£ûܼƬӰ
ѵǳʲôʣ
ɹСţۿ׳е׺ԽԽ֪ûָˡ
ƬױضǿʢȻڣȴʢת˥
׳ظŵĪǧԼǿߣҲʱڷ׷ɢȥ
ȻϣһֱȥҲôʡʱȥ
ɹСӣʾ֮󣬱Ҳֻܳˡ
֮ǰһ˵׳ظѲߣʼոо׳صе㲻ף۱ȽϺá
ŹɹСʮȥ׳ظһӱÿտ
µʱ䣬׳е׺ǰ˲֪ٱ
ʱ˿̣µһʱֻܼͺ׳ƽʱʱһ
Ȼûע⵽׺ֵĴȻڻ٣
ֹһʱ䣬׳֮УѾûֺøѲߵ׷ײ죬ȥϢͻظɹСӡ
ʱһŹɹͭս׵ӣ·ŵ⣬׳֮߳
ӣ
µʱ䣬״ɾװ壬ʱ˿̣ƾܹӲؾһ֮˵ȫ
һؾڶصǿߣȫ޷̫˺
ˣʱ䶼Ϊʳ׷ģ׷⾳
ʱ˿̣ܹ׷ϣ֮ϣ˵Ĺ׷֮󷴵
δؾأʵǿ潻֡
ȻԸоڵǧҲ֮ǰǱˡ
ֻҪһѹסǧ
ǧʵ壬ҲĶ֡
Ϊˣǰķ򣬲Ǵƹ紦ȣ
Ҫǰɱޣȡڵ磬仹ʣһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȡ̤ؾء
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ͷһۣʱ׳أѾû׺Ϊ֪챮Ѿȫ塣
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Ȼûеõ챮Ȼ챮ȴɾװ塣
׾ٵƹɢĹɹѲܿʧããѩɽ֮С

ڶһ硣
Ѿ뿪ѩɽΧһƬһ޼ʵĲԭϡ
ǹɹڣǰǧ֮⣬ȡ
һ·ϣܿٹɹ֮סĴ䣬ð̣һƬƽ͵ľ
Ȼ֪СУһΪʹ½ÿˣŮ
ֻǲ֪Ĳڵ磬ʹ½ǲͬһط
ҡҡͷ⣬Ҳõ̤ؾܵõ𰸡
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ڵؾڶصΪжϼӡӵһ֮Ҳǧƥ֮
սҪоǹ̫ϻѩսѥλȭ׺ױ
˵ûʲôôױô鼶ƷսѩսѥٶսֵƣܻһЩֵĵҩ
似ǿıǾȭƽʱñȽ϶ģɱǹԼǹ似Ծ۴
似Ļʱܵзͦõġħ壬ҲѾɱΪװ壬൱鼶Ʒ似ˣй֮
似˲粽ڵõòˣϾ̫жٶȣѾԽ˲粽˲Ϣһɡ
似ս֮⣬ͷ
˻ʯ򣬵̫⾳ϣԼ񼶵Ŀ⾳֮Ԩһͷߡ
ڵ֪飬ֻǷľֶѡ
֮飬취ۣͷţѹǿﵽͷѹ
̫ͬ׷Ҳ飬ǿ
ֻһڶڸ飬ҪѶȣͻӡ
Ҫյͨ˶࣡
ңʵ塢һһƿԽ࣬ȻԽͻƿ
⼸ַУ취ӵѹӷӵвݵ̫ӵ޾˪׷̺֮
Ȼ׷ϣȻʩչԱǿ
ܹһƿ׵似ܹӳ׷ǿֻϧ似²ҡ
š
ۺڵͬҪ̫ࡣ
Ѱؾڶصޣǻʯ򣬿¶ûΪ
˻һҺɫ⣬ޱ߹Ĳԭϳȷжȥ
ͻȻ۽һɨǰޣҲȷǰУһˣɫðȻ̤ؾصĳСѩ
Сѩ
üͷ΢塣
˵ףͳСѩ֮ҲûʲôܵĹϵСѩϾʹɽׯ
һ˼ӭȥ
֪ɽׯˡ


143 
ųСѩеʱ򣬶ԷȻҲѾ

СѩͷһΣһ㶡
ͬеˣһĴŴ磬в׹һ
ǹ
˺ѯʡ
ǡ
Сѩҡͷ漴֮˱ƽ˲١
һ˲䣬ܵһɱ⣬ӳСѩ֮ϴɴ˶Էһ
һ¶ŵӲ¶ïëȫĹ¡𣬺巽ϴĮɫɢȥɱ⣬ȻԸоֵµĺ
ؾء
һۿӲΪһɡ
Ķ֣Ҫ֣ܹӦġ
Сֵܣ벻㡣
Сѩͣ½ŲϹѺõЦݣת˵ǰ˵һ˴׳أɥУڿδʵ
֡
ҲЦŴ˸кȥĶλֵǣ
˵ţëӲһۡ
ǵ˳ѡ
СѩˬһЦ˵

˳һۣдЦϴᵽ㣬Ǵƹ֮ˣΪִŹɹս
ϴ󣿡
о˳ĵ⣬üͷ΢΢һ塣
СֵܴսӪնϽ׵׼
СѩЦŽͣ漴˵ɹЩԹСֵĪҪֵ֡ϴ󣬱ʹ½֮һǺҶ֣
ǣǺҶ֣
ʣ˵ޱȵİЩǽ޵磬ԭĻǳңԶ
û˵ǣǺҶ֮ȴҲһӸܵ˵Ŀ¡
ǣʹ½ǿߡ
ǺҶ֣㲻ؾǿߣҲ϶Զˡ
ôҲ벻ͨʲô֮һǺҶ֣Ϊʲô˳ᵽ˵˫ʲôŶԣ
֣֪ɽׯΣ
Ȼ˳е⣬ҲֱӸСѩѯʵ
ҵˣҷԸǶΪɽׯ֮˵ġ
СѩЦ˵
л֣ȻˣҾȸˡ
˵ͷҪ뿪
СֵܣĪҪż
СѩȴסЩڴ֮ɫУҪǰȣ
Ŷ
ʣѵҲҪǰȣ

СѩһЦ֮ǰΧһ޵ĳѨһͷؾص졣ˣίе־ۼһЩҪǰΧˣǳɹջʮö鼶ƷƷڵ
޵ĳѨ
һ˳ѯʵ˶ڵִδ
Χ˵ƽ֣ԼջóȥһԼܹ˲μӣСֵҪҪһ𣿡
СѩЩڴһֱʶһʵ
Ǹ˳֣Ҵле飬Ͳһˡ
ҡͷܾ漴ʵ֣֪⸽бȽϴĽ׳Уȹȥ
ܾСѩȻЩʧҲû̫⡣
ѯʣǰ˰⣬ȱԵһǣۼ˸ǰɱ޵ޣгǳ
ǣлˡ
Сѩ˵漴ǣ߶̫˻һҺɫǰС
ܿ죬ӳСѩ͵˳ʧˡ
Сѩ㾹һؾڶصСӣƽսƷǲ̫Բֵˡ
˳뿪˵
Ҹұ֤ʵԲֹؾڶء
Сѩ۾˵
Σϴжɱ֮ˣ㻹ĪҪϹϵΪá
˳һ߰ɣϴѾڻǵȺǹȥǻϣǰΧ˳޵ĳѨˡ
Сѩ˵ͷҲ㳯ŻǷȥ
ڳСѩУǶӸȤˣ
Сѩǳƹүʹ͸Ծ𵤣϶ǴһЩġ
ԭãûѳƣ׳
ڿúúõģΪؾڶأ
СѩȻ֪ΪʲôǺҶֵıɱϣֱ²ô

һ·ۣܿ㿴Ĳԭǰ𽥳һͳǳص
ǣλȱԵۼ˴ƹɹչĽޣǵޣ϶ؾǿߡ
ΪеޣҲǿڣҪɱޣûʵĻûų
һλܵشĳС
ǴƹǹɹǶչûУΪеĽޱһɼǿ
ƾһҵƿػǣҲḶ൱ĴۣοҲԹۡ
һǱΪܵشؾ׶εĽʵĺȥ̫ܵѹɵöࡣ
ΪˣֻԶԶǵͷΧвĽޣŻǽ
ǣȴƹسǷʮֹ
ипƹߴţǵĻ¶㲻ʲôŰ٣ط
ȻܣҲĴڣ֯Ͻȡ޵Ľ˰·ѡ
ҪǣǮ
ҪڳڽףǮ
ʹ½ĻңҪΪ֣һǸҸ죬ԽȽǮңҪǸδʹá
ֻңֻңֵͣؾ˵Ͳмһˡ
֮ǰ糤һöƷͼ诵˷һʲƲʲƲңǳ͡
һ֣㱻Ϊҡ
ңʹ½ͨģǸָԵĿ磬ɽׯ̫ڳ̫ʯԶҡ
ңһ㶼̺һ˿챮Ϣǻ۵öˣԴһЩķ
ؾޣ̤ؾޣŲСã
ҵĶ죬Ϊѣ̫Ŀʯ˵ôһʯܶһö̫ң̺ż΢̫
ҵĶϣ϶Ǳ챮Ӱġ
׳еױչˣʣһƬ±׺ʯܶԱΪ׾ҡ
ϣطǧ֣ҵ࣬ȻҲ䷱ࡣ
ʲôңԳ֮Ϊҡ
ƷƷҩ诵߷ƷҩһöҾͿһ𣬸ֵǮ
Ϊĵҩ̺ҩؾ˵Ѿǿпˣٶ࣬Ҳûн׵Ŀܡ
Ψ鼶ϵĵҩսŹʸڻͨ
һö鼶Ʒĵҩ鼶Ʒսֵʮöҡ
Ҫǣͱһöҵķãһöңκν˵СĿ
ǳŵʱ򣬱㷢Լϸûоҡ


144 ߴ
ǣһöңǱҪ֤ͨ
һ룬Ҳֻ϶սȥһһЩˣλȭǷƷս϶ֵʲôǮ
ڱѩսѥȻϹ˵ȴȻֻ¼ٶսˡ
ѩսѥλȭ׼ֵ΢ЩȻһֵǮ߼һöҡ
ֻаױˡ
Ӳػٵϵ鼶ƷսμߣڻУܶ࣡
ΨһϧǣױñȽϾޣѰ޻ò
ⷽ˵۸϶Ҫۿۡ
㣬СӣӹɹС
ڳſڵؾһصĽޣڳſǻһ˱㳯Ŵű֮ɫ˹
ǣһɽһöңڣ
һ鼶սףҫ˵òңͿӹҪվۣ
˶ԷһۣȻԷƣ˵Ҳȷǹء
Է϶ǻආʰǣ鷳϶СûбҪ֡
ûоңȴһ鼶ƷսҶһһЩٽǡ
˵
٣СӾȻ鼶Ʒս
˻дŵ֮ɫ漴¶һḬ̃սһöģ
ûǴĻ鼶Ʒսļֵ鼶Ʒս߰ٱɡ
кâһһ鼶Ʒսܻʮöҡһ鼶Ʒս㾹ֻһöңǲ̫Щ
죬һöңң콫սĹȣ
֮һ׺֮ɫв˵
´˶Էһۣ¶һĨȡ
֮ˣؾһصΪȻҶһؾڶص˵Ļ
ɴ˿ɼƹŻǵǰǶôǿ
ֻһŵؾһආĽޣ
Լ򲻹ҲҪʲôֻҪһߺ̱֧Ԯӳڳ
˵һؾڶصĽˣǹɹһ󽫹Ƿ
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һã㽫֮ǰѡһЩ˵˵˳
һǰһǣԭۼڳſ뿴ֵĽ޶ʱЩʧΪкϷأû뵽·ɱ߹Ů㶨ˣ

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ջīڴߣȻһЦЩԼձɣңҲûа취㽨顣ٶȣ²֮ᳬԽˡ
ճ˵Цˣؾأκ˵һƿɡ
ҡҡͷ
Ա˵ǣ㣬Ӧûʲô⡣
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֮ǰǵ;УСѩ͵˳ǵ˳ϴ֮һǺҶ֣ƺе뷨
Ȼ֪ԷǵѣȻȻջīô˻ὫԷݸҲǺõġ
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ջīԣƯ߹һĨɫ㾹Ҳ˵ƺǣʹ½߸ǿޣ˵ÿһ̤ؾ
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Сѩ˳Լİˣһ


145 ҩ
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ڣһԾΪͬΪǿߣ
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ܹˣһǣ
ӳſ߳뿪˻ǣһƬֳȷȥǸںͷޣڿʼˡ


146 ɱ֮
һ뿪ǣһȻ߶ӡö鼶Ʒڵա
Ũ˾ӡ֮УȻ̤ؾػԶԶ
ǳ˶ţһƬïܴ֣С֡ͨȵıؾ֮·
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һ壬Էȫնɱȫûκѹ


147 ̤
ӻǳ˳ţ߶ȥУ޵Զ
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֮⣬ֻм鼶Ʒս鷳ýߣϾֻôط̫Ļǳ㡣
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148 ͽ
ɭȻУСӻǰԶԶںͷ
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˶ԷһʱŷеԤЩͬޣСĽ
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⣬͸һѵĻᣡ
ۿɫ綾Ĺͽɫâ˲ԶȥĿⶢ׼ͷЩҡҡλεʯϬ
ո˵ȫȻ·ʯǿȴҲ͸ڣЩվȡ
ʱ˿̣Ŀ꣬ͷʯϬ
Ծ
ɾ룬ȡǹɨʱһԾ
ͬʱһҧָѪ˦˾ǹϣʱʩչͨ似۴
ֲĳǹ޾֮ɫԼٶϮʯϬ
ʯϬ̾ͷӦ˹
ƺǱأսȴһԼ͵Ϯ̾ٴһʵĻ·ʯ
ţʬľʯ飬㳯žǹײ
ʯϬķӦȫԤ֮С
Ѿˣ
ɿǹ˻ΪĻ֮Ӱյʧٴγ֣ʯϬ
ʱ˿̣ʯϬľʯʵ壬ոպ;ǹײһ
ǹ鼶ƷսӲʵ飬û˿Ҫ𻵵ļ
һս±Ǿʯһ¾ײˡ
ʱ˿̣ʯϬûֶΣֻӲȥ似
ȭֻأԻȪ
Ȫֻ֮·ͬһʱ⻯ʯϬȫУ
ʯϬ˲䱻ȪϢ壬Ǳһȭ˶ݵֻأʹ侳ʱԵĵ䵽ؾء
ţһȭʯֵĵϡ
ı


149 ɱȡ
һֲľ֮ӵصױ̼㽫ʯϬС
ľ֮˲ʯϬڣ䷢һʹľŭ𣬷·ҪƬ죬
ʯ֣ʯϬһŭжʯѣһصˤڵϡ
ȻΣʯϬȭһشѾû˻ȥĿܡ
Ѱ˸ӴȻ˵ϣͷʯϬļӲƤźɫ·Ǳ֮ʴļ
ӶһԣͻȻ𣬺ɱʯϬȫֻһ˲¡
Ȼʱ˿̣ʯϬȻأȴδøӾΪ֪пͷͽѾ׷ɱʣˣӶ۷ˡ
ôʱͻȻһɫӰ
͵Ϯٶȣ̾磡
ֻоһʹ·һⱻǺɫӰҧ
ϣ
׼׷ϣȻȫ֮˸ǣ
һ̣˱貵ɫ֣ϵĻ̼䷴ɸҧĺɫӰ
ǺɫӰճע綾㱻׵⽹ۣʶ˿ڣһӰ
ûκγɡ
оԼӽһⱻͽҧұעľ綾
õǣ״ɾװ壬ʱ˿̣ڹͽľ綾ǿöࡣ
ľҶأѪ֮ǰл׷ʱ޿̲Щӡ
ȻΪԵʣ޷ȫ赲ЩأȴҲ㹻Ľʱ䡣
ϵͳ֮ǰǰ鼶ƷذףѸעǿ̶ȣ漴㽫жĲλһ
ǵ飬ѱ֮ɫڵϣ̼㱻綾ȫʴá
Ҫװ壬ոҾѾˡ
Ȼûκκ£ʱҲЩȻǹͽ͵Ϯʵ˷ʤ
ãԷ͵Ϯ֮󣬴ʱ˿̣Ѿ˷
ܹܵΧݴɱǶԷҪٴαضܹѸٷӦˡ
Ȼܿ죬ɫһ䡣
ͽ
ɫӰһһңͻȻͻϮ
̣ӦⲢͽһͽʵ飡
ͽؾصǿޣȻ۳ʵ塣
ΪˣɫӰ֪ĸǹͽı壬ĸʵ壡
Էʵ壬͵Ϯ֮ʱĻһɭȻ綾ѹѹ£Ѱ˲о綾
ԥ֮ͷųǿԷľ綾ѹԿװ壬ûܵʲôӰ졣
ţ߶̫һԻҺɫչ˲˻ΪһҺɫ⣬Ѹٶ㿪˶Էһμл
׼֮ûôױ͵Ϯˣ
ã
͵Ϯȴ˿˲Ϊ֣ɫӰȻûйȴ̫Ϯȥ
̼䣬пֲ綾ʴ̫飬̫鲢飬ʱ˿̶Ǿ綾ʴЩڡ
գ
֮̽ջ˵
ʵ飬̫Ӱǿ̫࣬˫û취Կ
֮ջأһ֮ڣ֮ᱻͽ׻һֻܵȴüʱָܻˡ
ջ̫ͬʱǹ֣ӷԼµı˿ڴմȾǹ⡣
۴
ǹ˳ȥŵһֲɱ⣬·ҪƬռ䶼˺ѣ
ͽˣ۴ٶȶһԹͽٶȣûܹȥ
ȻУǹػһɫӰǺɫӰضһʯ֮ϡ
ܿ죬ǱеĺɫӰֻǹͽʵ塣
һǹ۴δʵ
Ӱһ۴£ûдĿܡһʵ壬ȷҪʮֹ
ţǹѾ֣øӾ衣
ͻȻͽ峯汩ֻüһӰԷѵǰ
ȭ
һȭ۾֮⻯Ȫ֮·˲
ȻڻȪ֮·ҪͽֵʱǺɫӰȴ·֪һһѸٵĳһԶ㿪ˡ
ոһкɱʯϬͽԶԶţȻ˷
Ȼֶλֹڴˣ
̫챮
ΪƵ̫챮ӻ˲ȡ˳߶ȴ˲ָΪ˴С̫챮
̫챮һʱ̫֮ܣ֮ǰ̫⾳ܷӳǿѹ
ֲ̫˲øһƬ˪ŹͽĶҲһ룡
˳֮£̫챮̫ѹ£̫ϹٶȽ죡
ҲΧûޣŻὫ̫챮ȡ⣬ҲԴȵʤ
䲻⣬̫챮˪һУ
ͽûܷӦɫӰϱ㸲һ˪ٶȱĿǰ
ͽȻһߵģȻͷϣȴһף·Ե߹һ㡣
ͽ̫ٴϮɱʱ̫챮ֱ˹ȥ
ΪؼıԸϸûʲôܹ顣
̫챮˲佫ٶȱúĹͽУһӾҷ˿ȥ
ţȭʩչ
ֻأ
ȭϾۣ֮һֻصϢȻ
һ̣ͻȻһжһЩ򣬾ǿеʱһ似̤Сɾ磡
һֱȭȻֲȴиȱȱ㣬ǾǳȭٶȣԼؼĻȪ֮·ֻ֮·ٶȡ
ǶԸ֣ͬôȭٶȣúܿ졣
ǶԸԼͽصǿУôȭͺѴжԷ
ʱ˿ֻ̣似̤С֮ʱûȱ㡣
СɾֻأֻҪһֻ֮ƾղڣԽִֻأ
ʱ˿̣һȭӳһƬֻ֮˲佫ͽ֣Ϊֻ֮ùͽʵһ½һΡ
ؾأؾأ
ҪԽصʵ֣ܶǾֻֻһ似
һ̣һıӵص׻Ȫۣ˲籡ͽڣһĲҺ
ؾصĹͽ
ͷǺƾؾڶصΪҪɱһͷؾصޣʵǧѡ
а̫챮ùͽٶȴ󽵣ĻͽҲڲ֮صġ
ڣջʤ
ջʱˡ
һ˼ǰʰǹһǹͽڵ˳


150 ɱ֮
һͷǿޣ˵϶ȫǱ
ǰͷޣˡ
ﵽؾصǿޣڵã磬ܹеõһĶ龫
ϸ˵ɵ飬Ӧý飬Ӧý飬ȻǺĴڡ
ߵʣٻе
޵õ龫ܹգ飡
޻ȥ֮黹飬Ժܿٶʧ֮У龫ȻҲڲ˶á
ң龫κؾ˵ǼõĶ
Ϊˣǿ϶龫ģΪһǿնɱޣ̽龫ա
ΨؾأʵޣڲŻ龫
һ龫ڲᳬһʱ
ʱ˿̱׬ˡ
նɱͷؾصǿޣʯϬͽܹߵ龫
ܿ죬һ¹ͽʬ塣
ȽСҲûʲô˵ģͽڵ龫ȫգ㽫ʬӽ˾ĿռС
ţ龫е̫飡
ܿ죬֮ǰЩ̫飬ڹͽ龫ºܿȫָˣǱ֮ǰࡣ
һö龫ЧȻ൱ö鼶Ʒڵ
ǰһ
Ȼ޻кܴĺôģƾ辧ҹڵҪʵ̫ˡ
޵Ļܽٶ
ȻΣأ㹻ʵޣܶؾصޡ
ؾصޣȻɵնɱͬޣҪ磬Ҫ϶ࡣ
ؾص龫޷жٵ
˵ؾǰصĻۣûʲôͷԣֻҪ㹻ܹɽ
Ҫʵ壬̤ؾأûôˣȻⲢڵӦÿǵ⡣
ͽʬ崦֮󣬺ܿʯϬʬϷѡ
ԭͷ޵ʵ̫ˣ
ֲ֪ʯϬЩֵǮֻܽ۵ľ޴ϬȡȻڵ龫յ
ʣµĲ֣˰ɡ
ʯϬƤӦܹƷսҲ鼶ƷƷʡֻϧڵû취ȡˡ
ʯϬƤ̫ӲҪȡߣ뻨Ѻܳһʱ档
ڣڵĵطȣÿʱÿ̶Σ
Ѿ׬ˣǸϽ뿪˵رȽϺãһи޸ɾͳԲ˶ˡ

ʱš
̤ȣѾʱ䡣
Ȼ˵һնɱһͷʯϬԼһͽ֮⣬ȥһֱû̫ջ
ؾصޣǶߣ
ѵ֮ҲйͨնɱʯϬ͹ͽ֪ˣ
оЩƣеޣʵ̫ˣűʤİգ޳
Ҳ⼸ʱһ
ޣ磬ǲʵġ
֪ǧܽе޵Ұ޶Դеޣһ壬ÿһͷӵмǻۣ
޵ͬʱͬʱҲ࣬ʼնһռݾơ
һ޳ǿߣͬиǿ޳֡
һ޵Ĺȣ
ʹƹɹȵһȣʵǿ󣬶޵ĸʵҲԶԶƹҡ
ֻ϶ԶԶȲϴƹҵġ
ȴǳͷ֮ء
ΪˣҲֻûк󱳿ɽĽޣŻˣΪһƴĻ
ƹߴšޣ˭Ըطƴ
㹻ԴֻҪͻƿȻȥˣòԼðգ
죬׼뿪ˡ
ΪȥҲû̫˼Ҫʱ̾ΧľѾ˼ѹ
ҪϢһˣ
߶̫ΪҺɫ⣬ڹޱȵдУ߹ڷѸǰ
;ͻȻǰһȺ޽УȻǣ
ɫðĳСѩȫëĵ˳һϯɫȹŮ
ΨһıǣƺȳʱһˣϳСѩ˳ͷܹҲˡ
Χ˳޳Ѩʱһ
ԶԶţ۾
СѩˣƺջķᣬһǰУһ˵Ц˳ͳСѩУһͷ޵ʬ塣
ͷޣǰؾصǿڣ
ֻϧڣȴΪ˳Сѩ˵սƷ
СѩжһȾϸ滮½޶
ңСѩĿ꣬ǳ޵ĳѨԷ쵽˻ΧǣҲߣ϶ƴɱ
һ㣬Сѩ飬޳Ѩһ򾡡
ԶԶһۡ
ޣͬһͷëӣֻ˫ۼһۣһͼΪ׶
ͳСѩ棬˴ƹԷһ
ϾСѩˣų޵ʬ壬ǰٶȲǺܿ졣
ȻҪ·ʱ򣬼ϰɾ룬ȴڱԷķˣ
Сѩ⼸ˣȻͬؾصΪɱ֮ǰٵ˾ö࣡
ʱ򣬳Сѩ⼸ƺ˵ִ
漴Է˼ͬʱж
ţ
۾֪ԷҪʲô
δ
ͶԷ棬Ҫʡʱ䣬ǶԷ鷳ȴҲǣ
ȻСѩ͵˳иһͷؾصĳʬ壬ǿ˵ȴҲ˶ѡ
Կ϶Χ˳޵ĳѨ˷ֻԷսĶԲߡ
Ҳ˵˳˵սҲǷǳǿ٣ͬʱԸؾصǿڡ
ҾУʩչֶҪܵĻ⼸Ҳ׷
ȤǣҪڶʲô̬ȣ
˫Ψаɣʱ䣬ԷѾԶ
Сֵܣߣ
һСξʱ򣬳СѩȳдһĨ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴѾˡ
ǺҶִ֮ɱ⣡
˳ʬ嶪һߣ¶׹⣬һ
һ̣˳Сѩͷ֮ˣֱĸ򣬽Χм䣬׹֣
ȻǸɱ֮
һУ벻ȺͣĸҪɱģ
ڲԶվһ˫͸ĮȻƺʶһ㡣
Ȼȴʶ룬᲻ǺҶ֣ǺҶַųĸɱ֮
ֻһ룬;Էǳ
һˣһƺâ


151 
ɭȻУͬ˳ڵΧס׼ʩ֮һǺҶֵĸɱ֮
СѩЩվڲԶվһĮķ
ۿΧɱɫȴ˿䡣
⣬óСѩ԰ѵ»бʤİգ
СѩЩţϾڵֻؾڶصΪ죬ͬʱԸһ˳ͺ˲ˡ
ڣΧסȴǼϵ˳ڵؾصǿߣ
СѩԼոմؾڶͻƵأԷǳ֮࣡
ս似ȷ൱ƣҪԸĸ߾Ķ֣ҲԲܡ
СѩȴҲδ̫š
ϾǶһ˴ӹɹӪȡϽ׵׼Сѩ϶Լİ취ѡ
ȻҲ벻ڵûҪߣ
վڵ˳˵м䣬Ψе
ǳԵģˮƳϲεǿߣ
ʱεǿΨȻڣȴѾܹԺɱʯϬͽ
ͷؾصޣÿһͷӵжԿ˳˵ǿ
ܴģĵĻȻԾԵʵ
ΧУ¶ŵӲ˳价һʯһһ鼶Ʒս
ˣһֳ˫ޱȣһ˶ֱۣ˫ͨ죬Ϊ
һ˴ŸֽñӣԵΪǡǡǴ˸һΪΣյĸо
ǿߣΧ
˳һƺ˵ЩʲôȻȻԷϻ
Ȼ˸ɱ֮ұһ֣
Ϊǿ꣬仰ھʱǵ˲Ƶ
кâһŵ˳˵ʲôĵڣŵ˳һǹͺɨ˹ȥڰлǹӰ
ǹӰǿѹŵ˳ֶȥɫ΢䡣
һУȻؾصǿߣ
˳û뵽һԣ֣û뵽һȻǿᣡ
ʯ˲䱻߶һӷȻһʯϣǿֲǹӰֵס
鼶Ʒսؾصǿߴ߶£ӳǿɱ㽫һзס
ţûиκηӦʱ䣬Ƕۺ˫һĨ׹⣬˫һӣ˲仮һѪʮ֣ӭϮת˲
ؾǿߵĹҵҪжǿ
˸âǶۺеѪʮ֣ȻܣͦϣҪӲһɱŨ似
һĻõ˳ˡСѩͬʱһ
˭û뵽Ȼľٶ
ˣңʹȫֵܵһѪʮ֣Сֵܾȥֵ
Сѩ
ԭĿţʱ˿̣Ҳ¶Щɫ
ôʱ䲻٣øķ·ĵӣ
ؾڶأȻӲɱŨѪʮֱ֣
ֵҵѪʮ֣Լ̫˰ɣ
ǶۺһɱӣǺҶִ˵ĸɱ֮ȷǻˣ
£ѪʮֺȻ£ͬһĵ棬ļ֮ϡ
Ȼڴʱ𾪵鷢ˣ
ֻȻһ׹⣬žȻѪʮֳ״ݻ٣һ񱩵˲䱬
װ壬
һϳǶۺֹȥ˲׽ΧС
۶ۺҪĸܣ׺վŲǻᱻ׻
ؾصǿߣֻһϱپ
ң
ǶۺиܵΧԼĿֲ׻ʱвס
Щ׵ʵֲ̫ˣǹƾԼʵԻЩ׵Ļ֮У
ȻֻһؾڶصСӣȻۺУʱ˿ȴòԮ
㣡
˫жʱһųŶۺгȥ˫߾٣һ񱩵شҪԿϡ
Ȼ˫Ĳʵǲ̫Զˣ
˫в֪ķƣֻͼĻʯ򡣶׷ȴǱ߳εĵ
֮ÿһƷ໥֮䶼ر
˵˫кķ
˲䣬ǻûб˫飬˫зɹȥ̼䴫ȥвһ˱вˡ
ǶۺУ˫Уʱ˿̶ɫ䡣
ˣ
ʵ̫ǿᣬ˺Ȼ޷ֵ
ԶĳСѩͷ˿ųҲǷ׷ɫ䣬Ҳδ뵽ս֮ǿ
ֲãΧûܣԭǶԼʵžԵš
ڵ·Ҫնɱؾ֮ͬ
һĻ÷С⡱һ¡
֣ȻѾ֪츳ǿȴȻС츳Ǳʵ̫𾪣
ô˵һս˱֣ѾڷһӰ
ӰȻ֮ɢΪһ;ǰе谭
ɱ
˸׹⣡
ѾϣԲķһߵǰ棡
ŷ׹˸ͷֽñӵӵͻȻӳʧһ̣Ȼı
ģѾֹͣ
ͷֽñӵӣɳƵյķ򣬱Ѱ޸ǿһЩΪħ򡱡
Ѿħ
һħʩչƬ֮ΪΪöֵֹͣ
񼶵ķħ򣡡
һݣܵһ͸࣬˶͵һ
Ȼţѱ״࣬Ȼһֲ׹⣬Ȼ˲佫ڵħ飡
ܵһĻͷֽñӵһͣ˵ľܵ׷ĳ
޵лԵв˵ľ񣬶мǿ
̫⾳
⾳
һ棬ûʩչʲôʽ㽫˳˳ѹƣţͷų̫Ϳ⾳
޾˪Ӳݵ˲佫С
ԭǱѾϵȵú޷֮ʱַʱ˼ͬʱ
ͬڣַܹ׷ͷųܹɽؾ֮˳ѹס
۴ɱ
һһǹ̶˲˵˳ֹ࣬ͣ
ոջͷҪΧɱëӲ˳ȴһǹ£


152 
˳һǹ࣬˫۵ɵü
Ľû뵽ģ
ԭ룬˴βܽնɱǺҶִ˵ĸɱ֮ҲٿԱһԼġ
ϾֵʵؾصǿߣƴһƴܻһؾڶصСϣ
ãҲС˰ˣ
뵽ȻѾնɱͷؾصǿޣ
ǵУڵ˳һ̣˶ûʩչԼóֶΣԸ
ŵ˳ǻԵڳϮ
оǹغɨһֲ˸ԵȻʣ˱Ѿϴæңʱ˿̣һ㷴ûС
ϵĻѽʵĹͽܲסߣ˵ǰؾصĽˡ
ǶۺУ˫Уͷֽñӵӣͬһʱ䱻֡
ھͬʱ飡
ط⾳֮֯£ؾ֮˸޷֮ҪʲôֶΣ׷ϣܽ䳹նɱ
Ȼͬ죡
žâԼյ˸׼ȷ˽⣡
֮ǰȻƾЩնɱʯϬͽͷǿޣϾԷޣûкؾص޽ֹ
ڣȴԿ϶ؾصޣҲ㹻ʵ֮Կ
㲻Ƕ֣ٿڲ֮أ˵ڵӦòǰǧˡ
Ȼʱ֮ڣڽǧȻҲڽ
ʱ˿̣˭Ҳ֪ǧѾﵽʲôľ磬ӵʲôʵ
ֳ־ǹȻܣֻ˫СۺСͷֽñӵӣͬʱ£
Ȼüͷ΢壬ƺ쵽ʲôԾĵط
ڴʱͻȻһ߳
͵Ϯ
ɫһһ⣬׾ȻһԹսķҪ͵Ϯ
ס֣
һȣͬʱ𣬽ųСѩɫðӰѸ
һˣ󱬷Ӱָ˿
Ҫû͵ϮնɱȻСѩȴҲڹؼʱ̰æס˫໥ţ
תһСѩԼһϯɫȹķгǰ鼶Ʒĳս˫͸ɱ⡣
ҳСѩ䲻ʲôȴҲ֪Сֵͬһס
СѩɫصУǺε
⻰˵ȥˡ
治ԼҪأ
˵òس֮ʱɷҼҪɱң£һδˡ
벻ڣȴʲôǺҶ֣Ҫҵ벻ףкγԹ
Ƕʲô
һֳǰ鼶ƷսҸ׺ĸ׺㣬룿
ԣüͷ΢塣
糤໥룿
ʲôϵ
ҿɴδĸʲôϵû常˵ʲôô֪常ĸ׷ֿɣ
˵ԴЩ̡
ʵϹǿڷ飬Ѿ֪һˣĸһֱ˵׾Ǽʣ
㻹˵
һ㣬ὫȫչϣԶĸף㣬Ҹĸ׳׾ѣֱ໥룿⣬ѵΣ
Ŷ
֮ɫ常ʲôʱԶˣӺŻҪͭŽ常ԥ͸㣡常׾ѡǾͲ뵱常ƴ˵ʱʲô
˵̤ǰһʣǸʱȴطƳΪҼһԼ׺ɷأ
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153 ξ
Сѩ뿪֮󣬳оʣһʰо֡
ǰ鼶ƷƷߣҪǳ͵սûػǵĻ϶в˿ϣѰ鼶Ʒսߵļ۸
ڵ˵սûʲôãϾû
磬ҪģеõЩὫһɵҩڵ磡
˷鼶Ʒ֮⣬˳Ҳв鼶ƷƷսǱŵʮö޵ڵö鼶Ʒġ
Ȼ࣬ȲնɱʯϬ͹ͽ׬ʤޣܱûкá
⣬ͷ޵ʬ˾Ŀռ֮У㽫ǿռ䳹ˣҲŲκζ
ûȥˣضɡ
΢΢һЦ뵽
Ȼֻ죬ջǲСģÿ춼ôջôһºؾأҲǲܵ顣
ȻʱѾһˣӻǸϻȥٻҪüʱ䣬ĻҪǰȥС
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ֶǷǷ͵Ϯûκιϵ


154 ˮī
һǹ͵ϮǴ³ͷһ
ʵϣһﾭɱһֱջīǷͬͻȻ͵Ϯ
Ȼȴû뵽͵ϮĻһؾڶصСӣ
Ȼɫջվǲ赲
³Цһ
Ȼܿ죬ܵһǹпֲĻٽ޷һУ
ֹֻͣ˶ջīĹƣһ࣬ؿʯͷ׹˦˳˲䵲ǹ⣡
Ȼһ죬˫˲䱬һ˷׷ƿ˺ü󲽡
³岽ֹסľ֮ɫ˸
Ȼ˺ʮڶƴһȻܽ³Ӷ岽ѾǷǳ׵ˣ
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ͷͬʱڳΧ۵ĲٽУ˳
Ȼţȴ׷׶϶Сôǿʼֻؾڶء
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ţŵ±һ֮ڣۣ˲䱬ƶ
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ǿߣıУҲûκλĿܡ


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155 ǧ
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ˮī򣬱ī飬ֽսһжԵ棬̲סпϹоǧطоǧֲͬսʽ
ջīһУ޷ֵ
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ֻܿǱܿһУ
Ȼʱ˿ֱһеĴ³ӣȴƺûкһ롣
ֻŵĴʯͷ׹һѳٴͷų֮ǰ񼶷뵽˴ʯͷ׹֮С
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³һȣջīĹƣòȫԸ
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һնɱջī˴ο׶༪٣


156 ⺣
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ҪȵڵսȵȫҪȥջīңûпʵ˵˵ҩ
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һȣ˻һ磬Ϯ
ϵԷؾصǿߣҲûնɱ
ȻⲢܹͶԷӲ
⺣ʦļҪɱˣֻȥһͷʬ壬ǾȻǿҪҵȥҪ
ݻ¥̱ſɤӴһһɤӣ̱ͷֵ˵ע
ͬһʱ䣬ϰ޵߶Ͷ˹
ʱЩ۷׷ס
⺣ʦļֿͣʼҫ޵Ķˣ
⺣ʦиǿɽȻţҿһߵ壬ܣ
СһҲǿȻ˷⺣ʦĸ¥ؾڶصΪڿܲˡ
һȺ˽ָָ㣬׷ϡ
ǣû˸ҹ£
Ϊ⺣ʦǻʦ˷⺣ͱڻǻȥˣ
ϣֳһĨ֮ɫ
ıӰڿһֻϷˣС
аɣаɣ˭棿
ԹԽｻɣ
ϴ֮ɫһץ
Ȼȫû뵽ǣȻʱ򷴻
һ֮ƣ
򡢿⾳̫⾳ϣַܹһ˲ͬʱ֮ĸ֣˲佫ѹǿ˼Ϊֲĳ̶ȡ
ͣȫû뵽Ȼ⾳ܵԼ嶯һɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȻţȴǸֳ˷ܵɫ
Сӿ˲ô˵䵤϶мõЧ׸⺣ʦ϶ĺô
뵽͵ɫȫ
ɱ
һȣɱӣ
Ȼڴʱһ·ԻȪľ֮˶С
ȭֻأԻȪ
ʽóʱȪ֮·ֻ֣֮̾ͣ
ͣ˲㱻Ȫֻظǣʱ䵽ؾصĲΣһ̱ȫסʧȥ־
Ϊ׼İ͵һһߺȴڶԷʱ򣬷ȭ
һ̣˲佫Էѹƣ
ı
նɱؾصǿߣᳵ·˾ıһ֮⣬ûܹ׺ɱεǿˡ
ϾԷ磬ء
鼶Ʒ似ƾǹǹĻܽԷһٻɱ
ѹƵʱɱĻȥΣˡ
ΪˣҪ¶ԼʵҲҪʹȫ˲佫ͺɱ
֮·ӻȪۣڵ籡һӽͳС
Ȫ֮·ֻͣһҽУ˱㱻֮ʴΪ˸ʬصأ
ߣ
̸ܵ˷вǿڸ
Գ䲻ɱһؾصǿߣʵܺڶؾ֮Ӳƴ
ͺɱ˲һûȺ֮С
ٶջīЪϢĿջȥûãһμȹ߹Ůϡ
ճϣɱ˷⺣ʦһͣøϽ뿪ˡ
ɫص˵
ţ
ջīԭڴȶĿˣ۾Ҳߣ
ջīȻϲˮˡ
һȻ˷⺣ʦ֪̾ǾԲڻǴȥˣ
ջīǣûʲô飬ʱ˿̣Ȼ˻δκãҲֻȴ뿪
ŶԷûô췴Ӧ˹ɹСͭսһ׻ɫ¡
ţջīѸж߳űжȥ
⺣ʦͱɱ̱㷴Ӧǲڶǿ߲̽˽һ֮ȫǡ
Ȼֻһͣ˭֪⺣ʦΪ̣
չس֪ԼͱɱֻδץĻ϶Ƣ⽫ɵʧ»İᶼܲ
ȻȫǷգ׷ʱջī뿪˻ǣŴƹǰС
һ·ʱûϵó
Ǿһϵе飬Żᷢɱ˷⺣ʦ͵Ǹˣֻϧһʱ䶼ûиԷ¡
֪ͨջī˲˻ǡ
Ȼϻڶʬ塢սȵûдвǰɹ˲Щˣ


157 綾
ջīһ·뿪ֻһƬҵĻǡ
һƬt޼ʵĲԭ֮ϣȫУͬɫ⡣
ȵǣڲ֮ǰջīȻ˵״̬ͻƣһ̤ؾأ
ջīʵ˲䷭һֹ
ڵ֮ǰǴ³Ӽһж·磬ܹԾƽѹƣ
ֻϧջīĻֽսʯâݻ٣Ϊϧ
ȻֻҪǾõĽˡ
ȻΣյʱ򣬲ͻƾʱ̣ջīһ֮б˲뷨
󣬻ǵöУ
̤ʼʼմڲս״̬֮УΪˣŻôɣ
ջīţĿһۣȴδ۾ǰУ
ʱ˿̵·ȫͱ̫Ϊһ壬̫ɶصһ
Դ֮ǰ̫Ϲ֮ʱ̶ע̫ϵɶ
ʱ˿̣ڽ֮ѹ֮£ټ̤ؾصջīٶȼ죬̫ϸһ
ͨ飡
ڵ̫˵ͨǸһﵽĲΣ̫ܹԼʶ
ֻҪɲô׵顣
;ǹ֮Ԩͨ鿪ʼֱڶδ֪Ѷжˡ
ҪһսԼʶԲǶʱܹġ
սϳ̶ȣӹʼٵͨ飬ֱһ׶αһ׶θǿܹӳսЧ
ڣ̫Ϲͨ飬һٶٴһΣ
ĪڵٶȣԲᱻˣ
вǿģΪٶȣջīȫжҪһЩ
ٶȣȻԽĳ̶ȣ
ɴ˿룬ǳǳؾصļǿߣǾԲ׷ˡ
Ϊһͣǲؾϵǿ׷ɱ
κһؾصǿߣƢɶСȥչһʦ⺣ӣ
ջīˣ׷׳ŴƹڶУ̤֮˴ƹľڣ
һƬһƬ಻ɽأƹǱߵѩɽɽȫһ𣬹ȻĴƹ
Ѹٽɽϻǵ׷ɱǲ׷ġ
Ϊɽ֮Σڶ࣬رˣäĿ׷ɽĻпܽȥ֮Ҳ
Ҳûд򹥴ƹһԭ
벻ٶȾ֮죬ȻˣҾͲˡ
ջīɽ֮ü˵ǰ棬ǿµȷֿˡ
ճ£
һ㶡
𣬵ȥƻʳǣһЩ˵ҩƹ˻ʳ֮ûطˡ
ջī΢΢һЦڵݣǰʳǣҶ㣬俪ʼ֮ǰ·ȥŰɣǶڵ㣬Żһϲġ
ľϲ
⾪ϲûʲôȤڵȷ̫ǰƻʳǡ
ʱ̶в
ڴƹڣҲֻһȫĳˣȥ϶ôõϢ
ȻˣǱˡ
δջīʵϣջīһʱȷЩн
ջī˵ͷȹµӰһţӻ谵¹µɽʧˡ
ȫûͣڷֱǰ

ʱܳƬ಻ɽԶԶһ͵ĺڳ˸Բ⡣
ǺԣһƬĵֲһƬƵʳ
ƹڣĵطȱȽǣʳȷһ
һ룬㻯һɫ⣬ԼٶǴͺߴУܿ죬㿿һƽĴ䡣
ո𣬴֮УȻҸ׼緹
ĴУиѾǲˣһĸһ;츳ģ߳䣬ţӴ̤֮;
ţ
Ӻ߾ʱ򣬺ȻǸУƺиΪϤӰ
һɫŮƺͬʱָ
֣
һۿƺ̫ԣͣ˽Ų
û뵽Ȼ֣ƤŮƺ鷳
Ůĵҩ
ǣӲҪʲô˵ҩ϶һ϶Ųס
СŮ
һȺ񣬽Χס룬ָţͬʱԽԽ
ԶԶȥִʱѾӵصΪܵĻױ뿪ܱȺΧס
Ȼʱ֣ȴǻǰһڵϣڵʬ塣
֣ƺҲӣĶھڶָҲûκη֮ԡ
ڸϣѧϰ֮ȴû뵽صԼĴ䣬ʱȻᵼ
֮Ĳң˶ҩ
ʼ벻ĸڳ⣬Ȼʱ˿̣ȷǻڣǰ
һʵִ
Ȼʱһһ۱㿴ˡ
ӵ״֮ǰˮƳеĲӰ綾
Ӱ綾ǧ˿רõĶҩ֮ˣΪԽֿ߱ܵԽãȻΣնǽ˵ĵȫʴȫڶ
ǧ˿֮ˡ
кâһִ֪̾ˣ
δҪ˵ˣ¾ʼһӰ֣޷
ö˶˵һ츳Ů¾ͻ˶ȥ
ÿ
뵽û˿ԥǰһֱһ˿
˲ĿУһһ֣
ʱһʱɰ˫˸žϲ֮ɫ
ԭ׳ɥϢܲԸţʼûϢòʵ
ΪˣŻ뿪ڣصСĴ䣬Ҫɢɢġ
һۿǰΣ֪
Ȼ漴뵽ԼĴɫһ
ʲô츳ƵĵҩȻһѰ޵˶βãʲôʸȥʲôʸ
λԭǧ˿ڸֵĲӰ綾
̤ǰɨΧһۣһ˵ͬţƳĵҩԲأ
⻰һʱһ㶡
ǧ˿ڵĲӰ綾
ȻڶӣȻһȺ˶ǲôŵģ


158 
Ψ֣ĻȻץסΨһľݡ
˵Ŀģ
ֵɴۡ
Ȼġ
˵Ҳ֪ǧ˿ʲô⸽Է˼㶯ְ֣취֮ġ֣ǧĵ
û˵ΪȻ޷ó֤ݣ֤Ϊǧ˿ڵĲӰ綾
ΪˣڶͬһʱٴΧһ֮ǰߣ
ŮͬţȻ˵ʲôǧ˿ڵľ綾ôܣ
ǣǧ˿ڵԩ޳ǧ˿ڵǿߣα̵ľ綾Ը
֮ˣȻһĺڣ˵ʵͽΪݽ棬ʵ˿ɶ񣡡
һȺ˼ȻȴΪ
ֻЦһΪݽ棬ڶѾûˣ
⻰һӵĳʱЩһʶ˺˺üĿ
ǵȻóǰĻʵ϶Ǽǿģ
صľ磬ЩҲûκζԿأ˵һͱָǿ

ʱһŮӵЦ˷˹
Уֺڶһʱһ˲˹Ӻζ
ֻһˣȻ˾
¶ǧ˿ǿߣȻ⸽
Ŀ治ʱôҲ벻Ұɡ
ǹŮЦţ㲻֣ڶʧһСŮޣڣڿɾҪʧˣ
ֻһ˵ĻƾǰͽܵҪԣǧ˿ǿҲֱӶ֣ñ֪鷳
ȻڣˣͿԹĽɱ˳ֳŪˣ
үɱ֮ˣڽնɱĻүΪûʲôΣգпܺͳϹϵ
Цȫоһɱ˲佫ԵС
һɱ׹ߣһ£ϧȴζʲô
Ҳֻܹһ˲䷴Ӧ
ߣ
һֳžǹɨɾ
һֻ䣬Ծ߸Ծ
ۣۣۣ
ӰӹâӸݵӰ˲ԭ֮ĵ¡
ķӦ죬ھѾˣ
ӦٶȲֻϧǰֻ˿Ѳ˵Ŷ
ǹŮЦŴ⻰£պһƮȫӰС

һŮȣӿнȶ
ţܵһһӰϮͬ޾֩˿һҪڰ֮У
ǧ˿ڵޣǧ˿Ӱķ򣬱ǧ˿
ֻǧ˿ġ˿ָ֩˿ǳ˿״ӰӣΨǧ˿⾳֮ϵǿߣܹóǧ˿
ǧ˿ӵмǿЧͬΪ֮£ǧ˿Ҳܹ׽ѹơ
˵ʼŵǧ˿Ůӣؾϵǿߡ
ӶԷǧ˿úǿȣɵ֪˶Է磬ǶԷ磡
򣬸ѹ
һһֵֻϸһֻ裬֮Ӱֳ
â䣬Ȼ䲻ĽԷǧ˿ѹȥǼɵӰǧ˿߽⣡
ȻԷؾڶأһĴ󡪡У
ڵϣٵַɫء
֮ǰܹնɱؾǿߣΪԷУΪԷĿѡ
Ȼڣǧ˿ڳϸû¶棬ٿǧ˿ԸӰͣķ͵Ϯɧţ
ȥұذɣҵԷĲ֮
ɫصţֳ־ǹȻܡ
ǶݵĽ棬ΧһȺ񾪴
Ǹû˵Ļģ
Ǵ䣬һǧ˿ڵǿأô˵Ǳǧ˿ڵĲӰ綾ɱ
ʱжһֵֶθУ
ֵĵҩ£Ѹٺת»²´·µҩ֮󣬲Źʱ·ˡ
ȻˣǵҩЧҲǸǵġ
Ϊ¶ڼڳΪʦ֮ȴľصׯΪڴӦõǵغ͸м
Ȼ֮ǰȴںʵݵ£ָ
дЩⲻȥȻڣǧ˿ǿ֣߳ƾǵĲΣƺû취뵽⼶սȥ
˵ǧ˿֮أܹԷıҳֵʦ֣ӦܶԸ˰ɣ
̣һ˰취
˵磬ǧ˿ǿߵ磬һĸ߲ʣȫ˫ġ
ڣֻܽĴϣڴΪ
ڶ񣬶ʱɢ˲䳯˷ȥ
ֻܣⱻ꼰㣬Ҳû⡣
ڵȫ˼ڸ֪ǧ˿ǿߵλã
ҵ⣬ɲǼ׵£
Ů˷һɱ⳯ΧµӰ·𶼻ڴѹ
ʱû취ҵֻԷΪˡ
һݣ֮û𣬼ͷų
ֲѹ£ЩӿӰӣٶȫ½һ룬ûа취׽Ӱ
ڵţҵĺᣬȻ鴫ֻϧܷסһʱסһ𣿡
ǹŮЦҵҪƾؾڶصΪܼͷã
£ȻٿӰӣѹ
һиضᱻЩӰץסűûκΰ취ѣֻ·һ
ˣΨʱ̱Լٶš
ǴָٶڳˣҲԱȲһؾصǧ˿ǿߣ
Сģ
վһԣޱȽŵĿ
ڴﵽأܹоڰеĵˣ˿²ֹһء
£͵Ϯ׶༪٣
ģ
ͷһݣоԼѸţֲԤУѵһֵͷų֮鲻ɣ
ǱҪ治붯ڶ顣
ȻڣٲõĻ¾ͻᱻԷɱϾԷ籾͸ߣڻ͵Ϯ
ڴʱͻȻԶдһҽУ

һһĽĶС
ԣһݣŷȥȻһȻڸʲôڴһطһҽУȻ˲⡣
Щ񡭡ʧ
״ͷһȡ
Щ񣬾ȻΪǧ˿ǿߵλã


159 ӣ
еһطҽУ̾ͷӦ˹
֪ˡ
оâ̫ͨ飬ڵһʩչ̫ͨ似裡
˫һ˻һҺɫ⣬ӿа̼ȥڶǧ˿ǿߵĵط
̫֮ͨ߶Լͬӥһڿа裬Ȼͬӥɵøߣ̾ķ裬ٶȴǼ졣
ֻ˲䣬˶ڴׯһǧ˿ǿߡ
һһֻЫӵŮӣɫӣ˸һֽһŴ͸ץ飡
ҵˡ
ͷһݣ̫ǧ˿ŮӸǰ
ҵңΣ
ЫӵŮӿһЦмĿһۣ㣬ؾڶأңȴǧ˿ڳϣѽʵ壬ﵽؾءãһ˿ʤô
⻰һʱΧң
ԭΪŮӵԶԲŻᾡľϧҲҪΪҵԷڣ
Ȼһ񶾵ŮӣȻؾأȴֻؾڶص磡
һޱȵʧ
͸ոձӶ񶾵ɱĴ֮𣬿޷ñˣңŮӿ»ڽ֮󣬶ӽб
һʱ䣬ԭΧŵϰͬʱȥһϹźµ顣
˵ؾǿ֮սʵ̫ңԶˣǸ޷ֵ֣ĻǾֻ·һ
Ѿвٴдܵ˼Ŀ˸
ҪСĴ䣬ҲܱʧȥҪã
ʱ˹ȵҲҪ£ʦڵţһΣ϶񶾵Ůܵ
СȤ
ŮϵЫĽЦԵޱиֳһĨײ֮ɫңȻܣҪܵģǲŶ԰ɣסҵ֣ӣ䣡
ˣӣ䣬ǧ˿ڵĳϣ
ڣӣʵ˿ڽ֮ǰջī
ѹҵ˶Էڣһоͺðˡ
սɡ
Ѫǧ˿ڵĳϣɱɣ
Ϊʼǧ˿ڶˮƳϵ˺Ǻ԰ٵ˺ԼҪȡͼ
һ㣬㹻ɱǰ֮ˣ
ο񶾵ǧ˿ڳӣ䣬̵ɱ޹ĴֻԴֵġ
֣˵ĿģѾɣǱǻֵһ
ǧ˿֮
ӣ俩Цţɫһ֣Ӱγɵ˿ͬ֩˿һ㣬̾ͶѸγһƬ֩һ
ǧ˿򣡡
ӣٴһܵһǿĲȫ
֮
ͷų֮飬ʱâΧ俪ȥǿѹʼԷǧ˿Կ
Ȼ֮Ĺâʱ˿̾Ȼǧ˿֮͸ǧ˿֣޷ӣǧٿס
ǧ˿֮Ӱ˿߶Ǵɢ
Ŀһһ㣬ʱȫһޱȿֲĻ·꫶һ׹֣
Щ׹⣬ϵ
ʱ˿̣׼Ĳٿ£Щɵ׹⣬̼ǧ˿֮ǧ˿ڳӣϮȥ
׹ٶȣٶȣӣ䶼ûܷӦѾϵ֣ȫ׹ҫ
ǧ˿֮
ӣһߣΧӰ˿ȫȻһʵӰ˶С
ϵĻ׹⣬ڴһɫʵӰʱ򣬾Ȼ޷ͻƣֻӰǻ
ûᡣ
ǰһʱһȭ۾֮
ȭֻأ
ֻ֮أֻ֮ɣ
һʱһȭֻصƾնӣӰסֻأ
磬һ̺ʵĵ䵽ؾأ
ӣɫһ䡣
ʲôֵ似Ȼ䣿
ܿ췢֣Լٶȸԭʣʱ˿̣Ȼʵ֮⣬Ѿ׵׳Ϊһؾ֮ˣ
ؾغ͵أȫͲһεĴڡ
⾳һһȭԻȪŶȪ֮·˲̾ͣҪӣС
ȻӣʼնûУǰؾǿĲͬ
һؾڶصСӣӣ䶼ʼն
ɼ˼
ʱ˿̣ͷͻϮףȻսǾͿ϶Լɱﵣ
ֻߣʲôڸŻ˾ٶ
£ӣʼմһ˿裡
ʱ˿̣һȭ⻯Ȫ֮·ɢһʱ˫ǣ˿Լ˿ʮԶ
ȻΪԼȫ˵ʱͻȻоƺе
ţһ֮ɵĿ±
ı
ڲԶһȭ棬۾ıҪɱӣ䣡
ӣ䷴Ӧ죬ǧһ֮ʣȻܷӦٴγŲһžıڵϹ˺üȦ
ȻԵüǱȴ㿪ɱһ
һĻͷһݣ֪ӣԲǰЩؾصǿһöԸˡ
Է֮ǰɱ֮Ĳ̬࣬
Σӣ䶼ûУ˵鷳
ýֻ似Сɣܹƾֻ֮ҪȻһж޷жԷ
ڣڵӣ䣬ֻؾء
ƾѾӵƴʸ
ɱ
Ʋˣ̫֣ͬӥ㳯ӣȥֻ˲ͷ
ǹӰأ
оǹ裬˲ǹӰۣӣɱ£
ǧ˿֮
ӣն㿪ıû׷ӦǹӰʱ˿ֻ̣üʩչǧ˿֮ӰԼͷһʵӰ
ֻϧ磬ֻؾء
һǧ˿֮ӰǽǹӰѸٱ߽⣡
ԭɫ
ĹƣȴǲģǹӰʩչ󣬽ɱɱһֲĻϣɱ
ӣһʱٴԱһһԾҪȶĹ
ָֻڣ
ȻʱٶȴȫʢʱڻҪ죬ˣ
ǹͬһͷ˶ɵıЯϣӣΣһӴ̴ļ
Ȼһ񱩵ļ˲ը飡
ۣ
ӣ˫ͨ죬вѪ˿
ʱ˿̣ʶԼпһؾڶصСУ


160 ׺ս
ǧ˿ڳӣļ򣬱һǹ̴ըѪ˲
һĻòԶЩ׼ܵĴĿɿڴ
˵ֻؾڶأǧ˿ڳӣ䣬ӵؾصô
صľ磬ӣ侹Ȼͬˮһ㣬ֱ˼飡
һʱ䣬ڶУ֮ɫ
ԤУŻɫµ꣬һƹһ죬ٵĲ̫Զ
Ϊƹ֪֮伴ڲһ֮Уһȫǿ̨ϣһʰɣ
ɱ
û˿ֵͣΨĮ
˵ǰӣǵˡ
ǵˣǾͱնɱ
ȵȣҪ֣ģ
ӣ˫һĨһűװһģԼըѪģļ򣬾Ȼˡ
ֻϧһף

Զ֣̲ס
ۿӣ򶼱飬˱üΪһ˿֮ģҪסҪɱ˶Է
ȻܵӰ죿
۴
Ѫ˾ǹ֮ϣһڰǹâ˸Ϯӣ䣡
ǧ˿֮
ӣ״æ߶ҪӰһǹ
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ӣȫָҲѾˣԲĶˡ
۴żǿƣɴ͸ǧ˿֮Ӱһǹ̽ӣţ񱩵ڶ˲佫ӣ顣
ӣŵЫӣиֵĲźͲ֮ɫ˿ޱΣա
첽ˣֳ̫־ǹԶԶӣ䡣
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һκǧ˿ڳս˵Ըؾ֮ΪѵһΣһΣֻΪԷ㹻ľ衣
Ҫ˵ʵӣ䣬ǱȲǧġ
Ϊǧǧ˿򣬸ʼҵĴʾ˻񼶵ķ
Ȼӵ̫챮ȴûһġ
ҪͻԿ˺ܶ࣡
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ھĿռʬ塢ڵȵȣŲԶ֣һ
磬ЩĲϣûȥϣίæһЩҩ
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ɣа˲׼ڴһʱ䣬ܲͻڵƿ

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˵ң׼ڻʳǿѧԺ͸¶ֻҪѧԺѧڵߴķҲ֪ǲģ
ǲģһε֪ˣǧ˿ڵǧջʤǱġ
ʱ򣬲ֻڣƹߴţ¶ûȥ˰ɣ
һȺ˵ţȴҪġ
˭ҡڵĴ߾
ЩһЦ
һ̤ϿȣһƵĴһ䣺ôû䣬ķʼնûмڵʸ񣡡
ǲڣڻҪķأ
˵⻰·ŭȺϿȥ
ͨϿȣ̤ɽţЩûˡ
̧ͷӭıǰϣЦǺǵڵ
Сӣûˣˣ˵ҪϢǸ׺أҪս㡣
źӣЦ˵
׺
ԣһǰ׺ںĵӵڶ
֮ǰһɽׯ棡
ǲ֪׺սΪʲô
ʱİ׺ؾڶ۷磬ڹʱ䣬ӦҲѾͻƵؾ˰ɣ
ֻǣΪУѾȫˣ


161 ѹ
׺ؾص磬ںĵӵڶˣ
ؾڶأĵߣʵȴǼǿѾܾûлˣ˵һֱ
֮ǰһʱ䣬˵׳صϢȻڣȴˣ
׺ս˼ڵӵĿ⡣
ڳʱΣǧڵӶûκν͵Ǿۼڵ䶷У׼ۿ׺ս
ʵĺĵ֮սȻ˵ע
ڣ䶷
Уһɫ£ǹ򶨶
棬һϮµİ׺һ鼶ƷսŵվţĿдº֮ɫ
ܽҵսǳҵԤϡ
׺Ц˵
У˿ܲʲô⣡
ͬʦֵܣдд裬Ӧõģʲôɾܾأ
۾ʵǰ׺ʦ֣֪ΪҪսң
⻰һ׺жʱһĨɫ漴ָ
ǰõʱ˵ɽׯõһǼԭ׼Ϊʦġ
׺Ц˵
̫챮
һݡ
֪̾׺֪ˣǱǧȥģ
ǰ׳ص;Уǧ϶ͷ̫챮Ϊˣ⴫Ա˳ȥ
ϢĺȻǶ䲻
ǰ׺սСؼǣ󣬿»нϵ鷳Ϊ̫챮
ʦܣ˴սʤ㣬㽫Σ
׺˵ʦ֣жҳԴ֮⣬
ʤ㽫Ρ
Цһûн׺
׺ڿ˵Ϊ˻ףɫ֪׺̰ġ
ǵõ̫챮׺Բύף
ϾĻףҲǶ԰׺΢չһ°ˣζȲһ̫챮Ҫ
αӣ˵ľǰ׺ˡ
ʶģһ׺񣬱Ѿ˴š
ʦܣԼʵİ
׺ûнЩޣȴûֳǵº͵ЦţôΪʦ֣Ҫһʦܵʵˡ
ӭ֮
ҲǵһЦȳˣʦСġ
ɡ
׺ŵ˵ţͦţһ˹Ľϡ
ԣû˿ԥһ̧֣ǹС
֮
һڶ𣬰һǿѹ䶷
һ˲䣬׺ԭɫ˲ˡ

ǿᣡ
׺ԼСǰСӣȻؾڶص磬Ȼȴⷽ棬׺ǿ࣡
Ҫ֪׺ȻѾ̤ؾأȻȴֻơ
һѰɫӰӰ֣ʱɢƣ໥Կ
һ˲䣬ѹ˼ֲĳ̶ȡ
ΧΧ֮ˣ䶷У̼ͻᱻѹ˲ѹ飬˫ѹഥĵطһޱҵ۶ǿɼ
ǹǹӰأ
һǹӳʱǹӰ֣Ű׺ڴȻϮȥ
׺г裬һҪǹӰǹ̼ײһ𣬱
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ʱǹűһǹ޾ɱϮ
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۴
׺˿ȵĻᣬ֮һǹİɫӰӰȥ
ϵĻΪֲ
׺δԼսлعӰҲѾһǹ׻
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ˡ
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û˰ɫӰ飬׺û취Կʱ˿̣亹
֪Լǰܸ
ʤֻһ˲䣡
⣬ǡǡ˵ʵԲֹڴˣҪȻҲ׵Ļ˵ս飬鶼׻
ǹֻ˲ˣ׺ѹ
ΧۿڵӣȫûӦʤѾֳˡ
ۿŰ׺ĳսͰɫӰ飬ȻݻٵʱһɴۣȻš
ô죿
ԭ˶һ϶ǰ׺ʤϾ׺ǣʤһ
ȻڵȴƷ˵Ĳ²⣡
ʵȻ˿ֲƾؾڶصΪܹؾصİ׺˲ܣս鶼ݻˣ
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԰϶ǳ֪ʵⳡսûǰۿıҪ
벻Ȼôǿô˵ºͲʦֵʵҲ޼˰ɣ
һΧ۵ڵӳָָ㡣
ûڴͣ
֮ԴӦ׺սӭսΪ֪˷Ѳ̫ʱ䡣
ϸλϣֽص֮ͶԹȥ
Ҳˣڶ೤ϣѾ֪ʵԶͰ׺ս˿Ȥ
ʵϢǴջīϴģ˵ջīһȥ˴ƻʳǣɸ봫ʹ½ǼΪģϢ൱㡣
뿪䶷̫չʱͨ似̫裡
˲䣬Ϊһͷɫӥ赽֮УԶһɽ˹ȥ
ݵİ裬ڵ˵⣬ɽ֮·ʡһʱ䣬Ǳƿغ̫УҪȻӼߴˤȥ϶ֻ·һ
ûã㰿赽˳ڵɽϣΪһɫ⣬첽źɽȥ
̤ƬֵʱϦպȫɽҹɫ𽥽Ƭɽ
һһΪооȻкܶڵ
١ϡϡˮơСʢʿȵȣܹʮϣĵӵһˣе
λϣʦ֡
ǰУ΢΢һЦ
Щˣͷһů⣬Ϊ١Сϵˣڹˣ
˾ͺá
źӣƲС΢΢ţд֮ɫ
ʦܣλ϶ӵճϵķɸ봫ţ˵ʵܶԸؾصǿˣǵҪʶʶ
һȣ̤ǰһˬʵЦš
һȥйȻѾ̤ؾأʵ壡


162 
ϲʦֽ
˵
ϻʲô
а˰֣Щͷ˵ʦܣҼһ濪ʼһ·߸ͽѾؾڶأնɱǿؾǿߡңȴֻ̤һСӣһȣ̫ˣ
вУ죬һҪֳʤ
˵ţиֳһĨƣ
ʹӦɡ첻ֻСλϣʵҲܺ档
ٺǺһЦȻǲ¸ͷֻҪܻһˣ˱ҪһǵҩսСҪսģҾɣ
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Щϰʲôģǽһˣ
ջīɸ봫дܹɱؾصǿߣȷǸɣ
ɡ
пһЦվ˳ʦܣ룡ҪܴӮңҾͽոյõö鼶Ʒҩ͸㣬㿴Σ
û⡣
۾һҲ뿴ڲеʵˣһ棬ڵȷҪҩ磡
׼һǧѾ̤ؾصĻƾؾڶصΪǲġ
٣ҲҪؾزУ
ڽʵ壬ûôˣҲûڶʱڴɡ
зսȻܣٺλϱ㳯Χɢ˿ȥһƬռ䡣
УԶ˿û飬ӥʵ帡ֳһӥȫҹдԶ
Ȼӥʵ壬
ܵӥϴǿѹǰһ
ӥʵ壬ѹ֮ǰĸǿʮ
ʵ壬ȷһ;һؿܹɣʵǰر
еӥǿȣ˵޷Կġ
֮
һ̫鸡ֳâҫΧҹͬ硣
һ̣ѹŶŲֶȥ
򣬸պҲǰҲѾ򣡡
йЦʱӥʵϣͷųһޱǿѹ֮ѹҲѹƹ
ֻأ
һȭʱֻ֮ӿǰƾղ
һȭĿ꣬ǲУǡеӥʵ壡
֮ǰһֱֻһޱûй飬ڷɱպһ¡
ţ޾ֻ֮еӥʵ峹֣漴𾪵ĿУӥʵ徹ȻڻΪӰ
ֻأһȭֻء
飬Ҳһ
һȭȻеӥ鶼ʵӰͷųѹһʮ

ڶ೤ͬڣɫأһݡ
һ似ʵ˷ʤЧֲ֮ͬˣĶ֣
ԿĲУΪ̡
ֻоԼǰʵӥ飬һӵӰʮֹ
һ̣һЦֳ־ǹǹӰԲϮ
֮ì
ѸٷӦһ֣һɵĳìһ󾢷磬ӭǹӰ
Ȼһ֮˫ײһ𣬱һǿ
֮ìڵһ鼶Ʒ似ûʲô֮ȴһŵ㣬Ǿļͣ
ƾڵ磬Ļָٶȣ㹻һ쵽ͷ֮ìᷢݽ顣
ˣ֮ìҲΪŵ鼶似ġ֣̽Ƿǳѡ
ΪˣһǹӰأֵ֮ìƴҪ˵˫ʧһЩ
ΪǹĶһ֧֮ìö࣡
οĲ࣬ڵԶԶȲϲС
ںĵӵһˣս鼫ḻӥ鱻ֻأΪӰһΪȴǻڡ
ʩչ似ûܵκӰ죡
ì
һ֣ӿ˲һ쫷磬ƾղγһ
ͷѸٻΪһ֧ͳì
磬һɫ´ƮȻȴ˿
̫ͨ似裡
̫˲֣պýſ磬ԱѰʱٶȷ̼뿪ìĺΧ
ֻо֮һҺɫӰչһ˲ֵ˰֮У㳯Ѹֱ
ɱɱۣ
һȣ̫Ķ˻Һɫ⣬žǹȻϮɱ
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ɫ΢䣬ܹоһǹУ̺żǿɱ⣬ɱһеɱԽǿҲԽǿ
ߣ
˲䲽ŲΪߣź˲˿ʮɵľ롣
Ȼٶȱ죡
ֻ̫һģͬ˲ǰһǹɱ
ϱڣ
۳һϱڣһǹ
ƾؾصΪʩչϱķ似ҲΪ
һǹϮϱϣ˲ɱⱬ
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ȻˣϱڱһǹȴҲ˼޵һ̱Ȼ顣
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ŲæԼ⾳Ϸ׷ͷųͬһɲǼ佫嵱
⾳һѹֱ޷룬ʱ˿̣һ𾪣һȴ޷ʲôֻĿһǹϮ
⾳˾ȣ֣ƺǵ챮⾳
࣬۲ųսս˸ε˽⡣
ƾչֳЩʵȷ㹻նɱؾصǿˣ
ֻϧΪںĵӵһˣҲܾܣеʵǱѰؾǿ߸ǿ
оԼҪʤʱͻȻеһ·һӰһ㣬˲ɢǰ
ʲô似Ȼܹƿ⾳Ĺͬѹ
ǹѸתͷȥȴûмκβеӰӡ
ˣ·һƬռʧһ
ʦܵʵȻͬ죬ҲвǶ֡
Ųе仰һͬӰӰͷ۸֣䵽ǰŵЦţ鼶Ʒҩˡ
˵⻰һװŵҩСƿӱ㱻׵С
ʶĽס漴ɫ΢䣺ʦ֣ûаܸңոҪǳֵĻڵҿѾһʬˣ
˵ЩʲôڼҼҲͻˡ
а˰֣νЦŵ㣬ܸһսıһҪǿˣǧĪҪѡ


163 ָ
ڲ͵ջǽˡ
ԸܵʱǷ⣬ΪΪڣ
ÿһ䣬ڴƹߴ˵ǳҪһε䣬֮ء
ϢѾ飬ƹүǧ˿̣Լ
ϣǧ˿ܹ֮ȡһôŵķ뽻ү
£ǧ˿֮ţѾȻҪؾء񼶴ʾǧԿǲʵġ
У¶Ҳһܹǧ࿹ˣ
£ŶڰһţԴǿϡ
˵ĻֻҪķȥˣų綼û䡣
Ų֮󣬰ҲЦǺǵվ˳
ĳɳٶȣ˾ȣ˴䣬ҲֻСһܻǧˡ
źӣͰЦҵ磬Ҳؾأһ;Ҳ޷ʲô飬κйصҩʣԹңͷұض֪޲ԣ޲
лϡ
صıȭ˵ϣﵹв޵ʬ壬㿴ûʲôƳɵ
˵⻰㽫ھĿռеĹͽʬ塢ͷʬȡ˳еĿյϡ
ͽ
ڶ೤εȷһ۾ϳ˹ͽʬ壬Գһ
֮ǰֻջīķɸ봫֪նɱؾصǿߣа˴ʧٵ츳ӣ
ǲ֪Ȼȣһնɱһͷͽ
Щ϶϶йǧ뷨ȣȻȥ˽ⲻǳ
ܹնɱһͷͽɼʵѾԶԶѰؾڶ֮ˡ
ܹؾءôпܱܻǧ
ͽʬ壬ܹƵҩΨߵƤȵȣȴҲԳΪսĲϡ
ǰһ˵ڳ޵ʬ壬û̫ļֵֻǵƤǿսҲƲʲô̫ǿսôֵǮ
ԭˡ
ԣ˵ͷѯʣǳ޵ʬ壬ԼͽƤ⻹ʯϬϬǣپң
ӵеĲƸ٣ܽЩ϶һΪң϶ܹ򵽸൤ҩڵ
ΪˣЩļ۸ǿ϶Ҫȸģ
ϳƵҩǰƻʳǶһսЩ޲ϵļ۸񣬿϶Ƚ˽Ŷԡ
ͽߵžͼֵһǧöңƳɵɾ鼶Ʒĵҩ
źӣͰĽ͵ͽλҲöңڳޣÿһͷöң˻࡭㻹ᵽʯϬϬǣֵ͸ˣǧöң
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ٵˣʬŲŲȥȻ֪ӵһΪĿռս
˸벻ͨĶģڰ٣룬ѵı
Ҳ֪ڵ죬ںηǷ֪ɳһС
ߵ֮ұܽƳɵʱٽ佻ɡ
պ˹ͽߵת˵һԡ
ţһֱĬԵĺϣվ˳
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룬ϻЩʲôʱһȭɫΪ֮һ䡣
һȭȻʲô似ֻһзƷȭȻںʩչȴǱ
ϣȫֻǶؾڶصһȭϮһ޷ֵĸоʶҪ˺ܿ
似ƷȻҪȻǲ£һá
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˻һзƷ似ֻһȭ޷֮УɫΪ֮һ䡣
ԭԼĸ似Ѿ㹻ǿˡ
֪似ĳ̶ȣĿ̶ȣ
ͨͨһзƷ似˻˵ǽһЩǿ似뻯ǽֲ
̲סˮƵĵӣ³
³ǽʯ似˻꣬һ;񣬲似֮һʯһֱǸķħ塣
ʱ³صΪȴܹ֮ˣ֮ԨУܹʱڵֵ̤ؾ̸ִ޴
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Ȼ࣬ȴڳ֮һΪؾصİҪǿöࡣ
ٿ͸һһ͸
ɼϵΪҲؾصĲϣڸߣﵽһľ磡
ϣһĹǣ
ʱ˿̣ϳ֣Ϸ
Ȼֻӳؾڶصһнһ似ϮȫҲκλȥ
⣬ĸ֣
ᣬ֪ص㣬ǵ÷ŶһЩ似ϡ
ϳ֣ǳ·һ֮š
ţ֮ǰջīдĳϣʢʿ֡
ʢʿһ۵ˣЦºֳֳͣóģǽ
˴䣬ҪĶ֣ǧ˿ڵǧ֮⣬ŵĵҲɴ⡣
ʢʿº͵Ц˵Уߴ֮һ꽣ڣһýţŵʵ൱ǿһĿˣʱ򣬿²ЭԿǧ˿ڡ
£ʢʿ׼Ȼ
ֳֳǹеֵ
ʢʿд裬ȻϤһýս
ޣһ˵ٶȶǼ죬ʩչ似Ϊֲͬ似Ҫǿöࡣ
ʢʿģǰٵһӣ

һһϣվָڴ֮󣬻˵ҩڵеܳ
ִ˵ڵдδйİɣ
У¶ûб˶೤Ϲյʱ
ȻһϺڶڳд裬̽似ȷ˲٣
δĳЩ似ƿ·ҪƣӶ̤ľ磡


164 Ȫ֮
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һֽصһУϯضλ͵ĸֵҩ
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һ˵ģڶŵȫ޺ޱȣ
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ǿʦ㣿
üͷ΢塣
Ƿܰʦ㣬ϵĵӡΪλʦֲŻ˳ͻ
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166 ս
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ⱲӣֻԼصĳɽ֮ԲڴУ
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⣬˵ĳͷˣУǶԴ֮ͽҲǷϳΪŵ̷֮ǰĳ佡ġ
ڣǿа
ô˵ԷڵˣΪٹס
仰һҡ
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̣ɽΪڳϵʦȻڣ԰ٵĴãʦɽȲ
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һŵﴦѪͬʱһʦɽ
ɽһ֣ߣ
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ڿʼıһˣţ綼ȫϵޱȣ
Ȼһ뵽֮ǰԼʦɽǺаԵģ˾˴ˡ
ȥʱıӰƷͷСҲС
գĿǣ˸ǿ֮ˣȴǱƷ˸ϵΪŵ³
⣬÷ƷͷСɵõ˾ѡ
ӵжǿ磬ܹģʹ½ǿǿ֣Ϊվֻ·һ
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ܰŵɫȹŮŵԣ촽л
лҡ
ȴҡҡͷسѡ񣬸常һ̣;վһҰ㣬ǰ常ڰԼ
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ȻͨòԣƺеҪԶ˼
ԭֻΪ˼糤裡
ˣܰҲ̫ࡣ
漴һЦͷһգʵɶѾ常ǿ常Ȱˣ常ܵˣһ취ġ
ģ͸ϺƷСɻȥǱȥ
ܰ졣
ţܰ㣬һҪѧԷ˵ǳҪ
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ţٱѺɽȥ̣֮ӽʼ֮Ҫڱ
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κţκμ壬ӵȨ֮󣬱Ȩı˽֮ˡʿף
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ʱڽ֣һչĺ꣬ںü֮䣬ؿԽ
һԻҺɫ̫֮Уǣ
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ʱ֮ڣؾص磬õһḶ́ڻãѾӦ֡
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֮ǰҹϰֻأڽһдС˴ɾ磡
СɾֻأƾֵֻֻأʱԵĵһء
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ںͲжд裬һеãѾ죬һȭһƣͷųֻ֮
ԻȪֻأ
һоȭѾ似֮ϡ
õļУһܽʵ壬̤ؾأþӡһɱ䣬ȫ似
ȫ似ʲô֪ǿȭͿȫ似Ŀֲˡ
ʱ߶̫¸߷֮ӥһ㰿衣
֮ˣΪоԼ̫֮ϳ̶ȣԽԽϻа̫챮Ӱ죬пܣڱܹ̫ϣ
ǹͨ飬ͨ似۴ȻôöûһĶҪ̫챮ˡ
ڴˣЩơ
²УǹϾϵĶͨǼ˰ɡ
̫ɾӡ̫챮ϳ̶ȷǳߡ
һȽϣٵ״ҲͲΪˡ
հ裬ʱþòŻͣ»ɽ֮ϣڰУоԼ·ܵ˹ʹꡣ
ʹǿޣһͷĹʹӵؾصĿֲʵ
㱻ӡ̫챮죬̫Уǲдһƹʹżܸܵõ
վǲôһ㡭
ţϦɽ֮˽УЩʧ
üΣо̫ϣҪͻǸؼĲΣȻȴʼǲһ㡣
һ㣬Ϊ̫֮ңԶľ룡
죬Ҫǰƻʳǣμ䡣
һ£̫ϵ飬ʱֻȷһˡ
ֻȵ˻ʳǣĿռлвٺöӷжõ鼶Ʒʯʬȵȡ
Щȫóȥ϶ܶһٵҩڵ
ȻҪƾ˽ʵ壬ǲ̫ܣϾҪ̤ؾأѶ̫ˣҪżͻƵƿ
ҹúõϢһϡ
ڶһ磬бÿķš
ʦܣϣ˴䣬ڵһҪˣ
е֮⴫
ʦ֣Ҳһ
ˬһЦ̤ݡ
һЦһתжȥ
٣ϡ
ǰ㳡һ۱һϤӰ糤裬ȻŷƷ塢Сɺͷܰ
常
һĨ졣
糤裬ҲҪȥʳǣ
С
糤һЦδǡ䣬Ҫǰʳһˣ
ʳң
һĸ֣ԺжʱֲϤӰ


169 ʳ
С󣬽Ӵʳ֮ʵ̫ˡ
ĸףҲǷ糤ӣСسǷ±֮󣬱뿪سǣص˻ʳҡ
ŵӣı磬ڻʼҹŲնɱ
Ҷϵźĵӵ壬˳ơ굶֮Ԩնɱ
ϣʳҵϵӵܣ׿ĸ࣬ɽׯ֤׿ΪϾ
ӡ̵ģ𰡣
ɽׯһͬʯңԵõ˰̫챮֮ˡ֮Ե
Ժͷ˿Ϊѩ˼ޣҲ֪Σ
常ʳңһͬǰɡ
˲ǰһЩ飬ЦŶԷ糤˵
ʳңڻʳǲʲô壬ֻǸͨҵˡ
֮ˣҵһϵӵ׿Ҫİͽᣬɼʳң֮֮
ԼʵʳҾûκܹסһ糤ǰȥҲе㱣ϣĻɲġ
ţһҲá
糤˵ͷ漴תͷȥƺڳ˼ʲô
룬ҪҪ
תһ룬ˣ֮һǺҶڷ糤˵²ǸϢ
ңҪǽϢ߷糤裬϶÷糤赣İΣ
ڷ糤˵ûʲôôҾ֪ڵʵҲʲôͽ˱
һ˼㽫ʱ
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ڶʮ£ΪﵽصŮӣȻʸǰΪǣҪڣս
֮⣬ٽԴǰ֮˰ȫرкĵӡ
Щˣδ֧ǰ䣬Բܳκ⣡
˰Լ⣬ͬǰƻʳǵģаϡʢʿˮƣϸĳϡ
⣬ջīѾڴƻʳǣȺˣѾԤڴƻʳеס
˰ٺλ֮⣬㻹ʮִϣһǰƻʳǡ
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⣬ȻΪŵӵİȫ롣
Ͼʱ򣬰ٵ೤ǿ߲ţʣµķƽʱС࣬Ҫ͵Ϯ
ˣܾķΧҲС࣬˲Ųڶڵʱ뿪š
ôһ㣬ڽҪǰƻʳǵģܹʮˡ
УʮءؾһصִϣӰٺϸϣʣµʮˣǲμţ
˭ԲμΪ٣ˣǴﵽڵӣ׷Źᡣ
˰׺
׺ݻ˳ս˰ɫӰӰͬʱģа׺ģ
䶼˲μӣѡпޡ
ڴˣȻ˿ھΡ
սǰ׺𣬼ȻսҪóеսʧܺ׼
ܡ
˴βμˣöʶ
ǿĵȻͲˣ˫δֳʤҲ֪˭ǿһЩ
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֮⣬ʮںĵӣл̤ؾǿߡ
Уһԭĺĵӵڰˣǳ͵Ľޣ𽣣֮ǰһֱֱŹ
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ʱ𽣲صΪںĵеڰˡ
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ˮƵĵӣ³Լɽׯ躮
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һۿȥ³躮ˣԶؾһصΪ˵ʵѾֹˡ
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躮ϢΪϤ
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ĺĵӵڶ׺Ȼ̤ؾأȴϵնս飬ݻģ
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𽣣Լ̤ؾ³躮֮Ŀǿߡ
ڻھ֮ˣҲвˡ
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ʱҲ̤صľ磬Ȼܹμ䣬ֻǹȥ߸
أڲμǿУڵ׵Ĵڣһ˵ȫָκӰ졣
ֻڶʮ֮ǰﵽأ츳ˣ˲趨żЩҲ¶һߴŵҫ
Ȼ˶ˣǱɡ
ٻܣһСЦϺڣߣͿչˣʲô⣬̸ҷɸ봫š
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һ۵ĺϣվڰ󣬵Ļشһ֣ʾӦˡ
ڳ˰֮⣬ǺߣػŵΣȻ䵽ϡ
˻У
ٶԺϵ˵ͷ漴ͷ֡
£
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170 
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һɲǣ·ܵвŵ̫һ֮䣬Ȼһϵ
պã̫֮ϳ̶ȣÿζֻؼһ̤ڵõ˰ܹһͻƣ
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Ҫǣƺܹ̫Ϊ̵ϣ
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Сӣ΢΢һЦ˴䣬ǵÿܱסˣɱôʧ
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֣ص˵
ⷬԻøڵȥЩ졣
ڵϣȻУڲеУ
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ԭʲôʵģʱ˿̶Ͷȥ˺Ŀ⣬رǴĽͣ𽣡
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ͬؾأȻȴȻΪˬ
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ͬǰϵĵӣܰȻʶҺ죬ŮѳΪ޻̸ĺѡ
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԰
ǰǰǴûôԼĴ⡭ȻÿŮӶĶ֣ǴСȱ˸ΪŮӵۣ
ˣ϶ϲƯŮˣ
֣һֱͷȥֲ˼ҿأ
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˵ͷ粽䣬ܹʮ˵Ķȫʧˡ
֮Ҫ飬Ϊо̫춯»һЩľ
Щľ뱻̫˿ܣҲһɱﵡ
Ǹ֪ˣ϶û̫Чˡ
оԽԽǿˡ
Լ̫ϵϢԽԽ죬ͬʱϵİҲ̫ʼнɶ
ٶȣ

֮еȻΪ壬̫֮С
̣ͬܵžӡнá
ǰѾ֪ӡƺֹĹܣܹսǿȻڿƺֻˣ
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ھӡ£壬Ҳ𽥱ֽ⿪𽥵뵽е̫
̫ǽ峹գܿ죬γһµս
սȻ̫״Ȼ鼶Ʒսٶȴ֮ǰ˲٣Ż˲ٷǴӰչ
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ȻҪǣʱ˿̫ͨ򣬷·̫һּΪϵ
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̫ܹܵٶȣ֮ǰһ
ؾصĿֲǿߣڿ¶׷ȫ߶̫Ϊٶȣʵ̫ˣ
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ˣս֮ı仯ǲҪ߶ս
սʶ߶ս޽ս
̫ʶƺͨҵ뷨ᡭȻˣԿɣ
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ں˰ֳ̫һĨɫ⣬ž·ڰɫתԵüΪء
˶չʱǰУ˻ڰ⣬Ȼ֮ǰһ
ٶȣ̫ˣ
ͷ𾪡
ʱ˿̣̫ǰУٶȣȻȻ似ʤһ
սϣһʼĹͨ飬ٵѭ򽥽̡
ֱսŻʶӵꡣ
̫в̫ʶսӵԼ꣬꣬ڡ
̫ʶԭ̫ʶ
ৣ
ȻֹȻعˣ̶̵Сʱ֮ڣѾϰľ룬ʵǺš
ûдﵽؾأɾһ֮ģ׷ٶȵˡ
̫ʶŹʹĲл꣬Լ̫
Ȼ֮䣬·̫ܵʶ̺һĨˡ
һĨˣԹʹĲл꣡
֮ԹʹƳɵսУȻŹʹĲдʶ
ʱ˿̣ʹĲлУԹɢֻһĨˣ͸Ĺ衣
ӱˣҪһЩʲô
Ŭ׽ȻȴȻ첻̫ʶҪ飬Ϊ̫ʶϳ̶Ȼɣ
оܹһ϶ܹ֪һЩйعʹܡ
ֻϧҪ̫һϣԲǶʱܹˣ


171 
ܿ죬ص˰ڶУʱϰѾʧȡ֮ԭĺɫ
˶֣ϰȥĶˣ
ȻȻὫոյ˵ٺͲǣûиߣϾûбҪ
ƻʳǣλڶ߷ǧ֮⡣
ڶû飬˸ԳǰУΨ̤ؾǿߣܹʼոȫС
һ·ϣ˶Լ伫Ϊ㽣̸пϵ״
ƹߴţ֮⣬жϵššǧ˿ڡػǸ꽣š
ϸ֮УĹϵá
ϵţĵ굶ҶȵȣΪϵŵĹϵԲܱѺá
ػնɱ˵Ķӣٵ𸦣׳ظɱһؾصĳϣ˫ͬˮ
꽣ڣûӴ˵ŵȫǽޣһĿˣҲ
ǧ˿ڣͲ˵ˣǧ˿ǧĶ֡
һ뵽ǧ˿ǰȻϲԼϵ죬˵ָо
ţǷţڷѾڣǺƺͰٹϵ㲻ϣ
Ǹ֮жŮӣ˽Ҳһ𰣬һ˿ѩŮ
˵ǧ˿ڣ֮ĶԹԹô׷ŵµģ
˵̬ǳ˽⡣
ΣͷػϵŵţҲĺҲָһЩСò
͸Ҫˡ
ɱ˲ػϵŲˣԷԻģ
֮硣
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У̧ͷǰڹĲԭϣһΰǳذεضΧĳǽʮɸߣ
ڳǽ£ֱ̧ͷܹǽˡ
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ѹѯʡ
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ջīûǣ΢΢µĿһ
˭ãȻ˸ֱԼ
ܾ֮ǰܶԸؾصǿߣڣҪԸһؾصСӣֵ
ҲԷȻìͷָ
ˣƤҲ֪ǲʵ


172 ޴ү
˽ìͷָ˶Цˡ
ʳ֮ˣȤǸҪһϲǿɻ
Ψаɫûκα仯
Ȼˣүɡ
ٵ˵
Ͳ㶯ֽѵСȻҪս⣡
ȻΪκʱ򶼱ž衣
ǰ˿Ű裬ԣ˵ʲôͷٱʱ̾裬Ͼ˶ϵϡ
ٳˣ˵Ĵǳ⣡
ϾǸΪ磬ûʵΨ衣
ǣ
˵ͷⲽ˳Уһۡ
ˣΪҵĵϵүΪﵽؾء
ƾŶʮ䣬˳ɾѾ൱ֻϧ츳ǱȽϲ㣬Ļ̤ؾҲġ
һؾصү֮ǰڻǼξټҹӣξΡ
ξΣҲջī⣬ȴջīնɱؾصİ֣Ǳӡ
ջīʱ׷ȥһ˰ˡ
ˣξһ˵Ӧûʲôв
ڶ˵Ļⲻ˻ǿߣǵ˽һҵķ似
ţ˫žվ˵ĸǰ

۾̧°ͣ˵ģҿԷһҵ׷޷Ǳ޳
ҼȻվˣ᲻սӣ
Цһְɣ
ôżҪʲô
һЦȻǶؾأڿ֮ǰΣɽžӵĹ֮⣬ˣλϣҪһϣô
һ˵ţһָһԵջī
Ȼ߹ջī˿ˣ
ջīʲô飬ֻνԼעܹȷ˾֡
ȴˡ
ֻڵӣܴϳս
˵ԥľܾˡ
ʵ㡣
ջīµĳ˵
ճϣһ£Ҫ㵱עȴһ¡
۾飬Ǿġ
⻰ڣջīЩ
ŮˣǶע
ôǳ㣬Լȴôų򣡡
˼ܾЦһӵ
ԭ⡣
мǲ򣿲ĻǾԼȥⶪۣ
Сӣˡ
ɫҲ˲ϸˣһ˦˲綾߰ޣ
Ӱ飡
һߣʱֳһӰӰȻѾʵ壬ﵽؾص۷壡
ֲãսԭǿҪͻƵؾˡ
ֻϧˣҲ˿壡
ɢӣһӰڱεգͬߣϯ
ңñӵô
ţӭ˵ıӰ飬Ȼ鶼ûͷų
ŶԷӰ֪Լͷ飬ܳѹˣԷطƺֻǴشƽ׶ΰˡ
򣡡
ֱӰ鼴ȫһͷųһֲѹ
һѹ˲佫ΧӰɢȥ
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Ѱؾ֮ˣһб޷Ӳס
Ȼһʧˡ
һ˦ʱӾĿռȡ˾ǹ
Ҳгǹγֵģֻһѹǹ⣬̶˲ǹӰ
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˼ǹһɲǣ˶ˣгҲһûס
ǹӰϮȥ׾ٽгɣǹǹɱ˶ԷĲӸǰ
ƴͷȴһٻˣƴսȴһǹгɣ
ţ˲δȫ
似Ӱ磡
һҧʱʩչһм似鼶Ʒ似
ʱӰΪһ磬˲˿㿪һǹȻ֣Ȼ˿ûб˦
ٶȣ̫ˡ
߶̫䣬׷ˣʱ˿ֻ̣̫ɵٶȣ
۴
оǹɨۣ֮ʱͨ似Ӷǹƿգ
һ̣˱һǹɨǿȻʱ˻ɳȥˤڵء
㣬ˡ
ǹϲϲ·˵Ĳһ
һĻ˵Ԥ֮С
Ȼ˺߰˸࣬ȴû뵽µСӣȻǿ᣿
ֲʵ˶ûֵܹס
һҧսһ̣ȴһֽսУʱ
ž
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ţ
ϰһӣⱲܵĳ裡
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վ߰˸࣬첽뿪ɽžӣ
ЩӸ֮ų˿漴̸Ц׷ױʾոһʵˬ죡
ʦܣ˱ضưոݡ
ϴŲЦݣǰ򣺡һȥĿҵ棬պɵС¡
ʦ֣İɣзִ硣
һЦ漴˲Զջī
ոһӣδΪ˸ջīֻһЩЩӸ磬ջī裬ȻҪһɫơ
ߵĻпɲģ
ܿ죬һкüŹܼҷεߣЩ߶µĴӲԶ˹ЩɽžӵĹܼңƽƹɽžӵʳӵȵȡ
ںҵĳͻЩϹܼҵȻҳ棬ֱ֮ˣǲսս˳
ǿǴ˴ˣ
һϹܼ˹ֽŲ˵ˣҼıӣͷ⡣ϱһӣҼ»Գ棬ʱλСֵܿɾ׶༪ˣ
һ˵ſһҡͷҿλȥҵǸֻܻɸΪ񲯡


173 
Ϲܼҵӣһ֣Ȼλ赣ǣȣںξ֮УҼǰҵҪֽһ֮
ʳĴңһε
٣Ȼңο¶ԼԼ˿ҵģѵҪŵǸ
ڣûô΢
⡭
ϹֽܼŲ֪˵ʲôá
λİɣɽžӵڣҲԹ۵ģ֮ˣûôֳʲô¡
СӣȻһЦϹܼҵļ
⻰ȻϹܼ˿
·ֻɽžӵ˲һ㣡
ɻɽžӵˣʲôݣ
˴뿪֮˺ܿӰţɽžҷסš
ɽžӣ֮ԽɽžӣΪջȻǽڻʳ֮Уջ֮ȴɽ廷ƣЩɽ壬ɽžӵ˻
ɽžˮ䣬Χߴɵɽ壬ɸпɽžӵˣһǿޡ
򣬸ܴӳ⽫ɸߵɽ嶼˻ɽžеɽ壬һ᲻
ɽžӣܹʮ¥䣬໥úܿڴܹʮˡ
ˣÿ¥䣬סˡ
Ʒ塢С˺ܿһ䣬סУܰǺһ䷿躮³һ䷿
ͲһֱǰУܿҲѡһ䷿һЩ
ʦܣȻҪǰҸۡ
вѯʡ
š
˵ͷ
ԼǧҪСˣǿڻʳǣʳҪ˿ɲ١
ɫص˵
лʦѣһעⰲȫ

Ҳ̫ģô˵ʦڸʲôΣգ
һ˵ţһߴӰȡһöɫʯͷöźŻʯҪͷ飬֪ͨǣмǣ
ӹöɫʯͷܵһ
벻ҲźŵһĶ
лʦ֣Ҿȥ常ˡ
벽иǣ뿪˷䡣

ƻʳǣֵϡ
źŻʯ˾Ŀռ䣬һգֻҪɣŰٺܿͻϵ
ڵֻҪһ֮ǿߣûʲôġ
ǣؾϵǿߣܻܵĻᶼûУˣҲֻаܹԸˡ
ҵ磬ؾأԸңҲһ֮ĸ֡
ţɱţ
ڻʳЩҪɱһһؾأصľ͹ˣ⣬ҲҺͷ糤һ뿪ɽžӵԭ
糤ȥҹȻҪȻԼСЦ
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ڽֵţͻȻ·һװûʵĸ¥ſ⼫õӡ
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ǰ½УУ˵һ·ĵطˡ
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ʲôˣ½ҵԼҪĶ
У־ͽ¡ʵ
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ƺʶе㲻ñ˿֮Ůǰߵһ䡣
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ò˵ʯϬϬǡ޵ʬȵȣŮ۷ǳλϬǵչۣĻҪһЩ
ûʲôɶ˵ˣȫ˰ɣ
ѳ룬鼶Ʒս
ǧ˿ڳϣӣǰǧӰͭȡ˳
Ůһۼһ㶣ⲻǧ˿ڵսô
Ǹӣⶫǲա
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üͷ΢壬Ŵսȡ˳
ǡ
ŮֿҵսʱֿЦҡҡͷӣҲա
վ˰ɡ
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⣬Ů˿λһӷء
أ
ţȡ˴ӷǰ鼶Ʒ
ѳһ֣Ůʱǰһ
˵֮ǰóĶѰ޶пóĻ鼶Ʒĳսɾûôˣ


174 齻
鼶Ʒ϶֮еǺҶйء
ƷʣȫԭĹ֮Ǭǹ
Ȼӡ̫֮Ǭǹɾǹʹ߱鼶Ʒս
ɴ˿ɼѰ˵鼶Ʒսǿ֮ܹ׷ģõı鼶Ʒս
ңսǳͣóȥضǾڣ
λӣѳҾ˵۸ˣԿ϶ǣѳļֵԳǧöҡ
ŮɫЩأӣ֪ͨǹܼҹ
ţȥɡ
˵ͷ
ŮոնĹۣ½ҵ»ΪεģպҲܿµĹܼ˭Ӵһ½֮ˡ
Ů뿪֮󣬲һһ˽
ߵòԵ൱࣬ӦþµĹܼˡ
½֮£Ҳ˵һˡ
һһͷ糤裬һЦλүǴİɣ
ǰڵӣ
ҲûʲôģԷ۾ɵĺܣ϶һӾͿݡ
½֮ȻϣһΪȴǼߣ´ﵽؾص۷壡
Ȼ֪Է϶½Ҳӵмߵλ

½֣֮漴˰֣Ҳգ̸⣬̸鼶ƷΪû´Ļ⵱У̺ĳ챮
챮
üͷ΢壬һе鼶Ʒ
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½֮æ˴뱲ӣûô˳ģ̺񼶷ı
Ķǵõ϶ǲŵģΪ½
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δּۻۣЦŴӦ
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£ֵ½֮ˣΪֶ϶ȡһأ
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˵ʮöңǶöң½֮ó½ҵ
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Ц½Ƿһ飬½ǰ𲻴Ӧ
⻰˵úˡ
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Ҳһʼ˼ģʳǣ͵ˣϽҡҡҵȵȶڻûаȫС
ʱˣ
˵ĻԲὫʯ۵ģŸڣ֮Ҳá
ֻʯҪšЧҪܳһʱĳͻۡ
ȱģǡǡʱ䣡


175 ֮
һöʯһ齻ףǻġ
ͬʱĴ³ӣҲһ֯򲻿Яʯơ
һ顭
½֮ɫ΢䣬һ˼û⣬ֻҪ½ܼķΧڣСֵʲôѴ½ң
˵⻰ɫӻͳһöơ
µĹƣƾƣСֵһ㹺κζаŻݡ
½֮Ǿƶ⣬СֵЩܹʮǧöңҸСֵʮһ򾧱ҰɣҲǣʮһöˣ
޴ĽףȻܻþˡ
ʮһöңһһ䶼װЯǳ㡣
ˣʹ½˾֮⣬һֻҽˣһöˣ൱һöң
˵ԭϣͬһЩ챮ӰĿʯʯټ̺żΪŨķ
õ˶ʮһöˣпյĻʮһֲͬĻʯˣֻϧʯ򣬶˵û
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ӹ½֮ݹĶʮһöˣɨһۣЩÿһöǾӨ͸̺ķܴﵽѰҵ򱶡
½ǰУǷ˵ҩ
㹻ǮƣȻ˵̾ͳѯʡ
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ο糤輴ȥָܹΪһ£
糤裬һֱڹ۲ʼûг
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常ĺˣзִ硣
΢΢һЦס˷糤裬漴̧ͷ½֮
½֮Ȼ֪˷糤ݣʵϣ½֮ϳ糤裬ϳ磬Ϊʹͷ糤衢̵սϳ۳ҹĳ
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ң½̬֮Ⱥܼܽ۸ⵤҩҲήֻۣ
εᣬ俪ʼ֮ǰٰ죬߾Բ٣ʱ˶ӣ˹̧ܣֵļ۸±ʮö˸ߣ
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𣿡
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½֮е͵ġ
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ȡʮöˣӸ½֮νףУֻʣ¾öˣ൱ھöңȻһʾ޿
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糤ɫأӹӣҲû˵ʲôǽӴ򿪣һڽеĲ쵤¡
常Ϊ㻤
˵꣬㵽˷糤ߡ
ŷ糤ȶʼҩ½֮ŮȻȥ֪ѾҪˡ

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¸¥У糤ڻ˽һʱ䣬쵤ҩȫ
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176 
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ͬʱܹܵ糤磬Ѿָؾأˣڵķ糤裬ڳŸ߲ͻƣ
쵤ҩЧովѾӳ糤ܵκˡ
ˣ⽫ʮ۵㹻ͻƸ߲ε磡
˺󡣡
糤˵ᶨվǰ
ڣ˭˵ֺù糤һأ
ɳƴɱĽʿ糤У뼸ǧɹչ
ʱ˿̣糤ǰһսͬһͭǽڰ㣬βơ
ţ
̤ǰĽŲһ٣üͷ΢塣
Ȼϳ˷糤ݣȻȴû뵽ʱķ糤边ȻѾָΪ
ָΪΣ
ֻؾأסߣֱ룡
߶һٵĽŲǰн
ʱ˿̣ҸۡſڣѾڶ֮˾ۼбз糤Ҫӣ
裡
ƴĴȺм˳ϹŽ֮ɫ
Ȼ뿪˷糤裬һģȴȻڷ糤ͷϣһΪıǷ糤ͷ
ڣ糤Ϊ˰ȻҪסߣ̲ס㺰
裬ÿǽҵĶ֣
󺰳
죡
糤ΣȴΡȻϸֳΪɫһ˫۽ߵĽŲ
ⱲӣǷ̫࡭ԣΣǴԼСǰ
糤˵⻰̤ͬӡ
ͬʱȫƣԽԽǣڻָõҽеѸʵ
糤裬Ȼڴʱ˿ѡͻƣҪ̤ؾصľ磡
һĻΧ˶Ϊ֮ݡ


180 Ц
һϮѩ˿۵ľ幫߹Ҳһ˿Ȥ
˵糤ˣΪһֱͣؾ֮£벻ڣȻѾָˣ
⣬Դƹ˵ȻǼ¡
ˣ糤边ȻڻָΪ֮Щ۵ؾصľ磡
幫ͦȤĿŷ糤裬δ˵ʲô
뿴ոջָķ糤ʵΡ
ͻƾ磿
΢̣ûнһ糤
糤ͻƵؾأΣ
һ糤裬似ȵ似
ƾУǿͳ˧ܴ;õ鼶Ʒ似ȻӵܣֻҪֳ㹻츳ܹ鼶Ʒ似
˵Ѫ񼶵ķѪߣѰؾ֮˶ܹһлܡ
ο糤Ѿзϡ˽ʮ꣬Ϊָδƿһ
Цһ̤ǰһһ֣ѪȻɱŷ糤Ѹ
Ҳʱ򣬷糤ڳɹͻƾ磬̤ؾأ
ı󣬸ֳһѪɫ޽ʵ壬һĨٿؾ޽飬ӭߵѪ飡
ɱ֮
ڷ糤ԶܹԵĸоѪɫ޽̺ɱȻߵѪǿ
糤裬죬սϳɱնɱĵйǧѾˡ
ݷ˽ʮľ޽飬ŨɱΧ֣˿̸һ֣ͬսһ㣬ɱ֮
⣬ߵѪ鶼޷
Ѫɫ޽飬˲նѪͷ­֮ϣɱʱɢѸΧС
һȻƾУ
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ǱѪɫ޽ֵѪ飬̱ŭһɱβһڣʱѪɫ޽ɡ
ţѪŷ糤ͷ׹䣡
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糤ǰһҪȵģһ̣
Ѹתʱͷųһֲޱȵ߱ΧʼһһѪɫ⣬ÿһⶼ̺żǿ߱ɱ֮
߱Ƿ糤սķ򣬾Ȼͬ񼶷
һĻиֳϲ֮ɫ
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ɱ
ѪɫնѪʵ壬Ѫ渡ֳһһѺۣЩǱѪɫˡ
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˫սɱʵģʱ˿̶ԿһٲȻΧݱΪһսѪɫɣɱ
ˣѪɫɱ֣Ҳֲ˭֮˵ĶԿΧ˶սͣ˫ۡ
Ѫ£
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Ȼ糤ȴһҧȻԼ־ǿг˶Էѹƣ
糤裬ս֪٣ս黹־Ҫǿ̫ࡣ
һѪȻ鼶Ʒ似ȴûܶԷ糤ɶӰ죬
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ֻϧʮǰүƣ˳ȥǽв˴ˡ
糤裬ȻҲǱϵ֮һ
ڷ糤ָ˶ʮʱҲվ޷ﵽǸĲˡ
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糤ֵסߵѪ£ûκԥ̴߶Ѫɫ޽飬ͷųüѪɫӰڴնɱȥ
һ似ȲϽҵ似ȴҲﵽ鼶Ʒ߱һ׵ġ
Щ϶ǵ糤ͨõǿ񼶵ʯһ
֮߱Ӱһ似ʩչѪɫ·򶼵׺޵
֮߱ӰѪ֮ɫƥϮߣ
һ̣糤սʶѣ·ص˵죬սоѪ
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ԭ糤軹ʵǿЩͽ߱ʩչڸȻڿƺòˡ
̺ͬ񼶷ʯˣɼڵ񼶵ķ
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쵤£Ц
糤裬һ̳ѣųսɱ־Ȼߵƶѹסˡ
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һҧһȭѪɫȭӰʱӭЩ֮߱Ӱ
ȭӰͽӰ໥ײһ𣬱ɱ⣬ѪɫΧó龰ģģ
˭˵ĶսΪңվ룬似ײನ촦
罫̳ͣ°ɡ
ʱһº͵ŮͻȻһԴ˳
⣬鶼Ϊ֮һ㶡
幫
̧ͷһϮѩ˿۵Ļ幫΢Цߵߵǰס߼ͼ

ɫһ䣬λ幫ӳˣ̳
ȻֹԷ糤趯֣
ϸһ룬֪߱ԵɣӿֳһĨ
һͷ糤裬һˣȻˣվ͵Ϊֹˡ
幫Ļòǳףͼ
˵˭һء
糤赭˵ţһ˿˵Ļ幫һ糤裬ݼ
罫ض񡣡
幫º͵Цţ˰֣罫ŻָΪûϢһʱ䣬֮£Ҫϡ
糤赱Ȼϡ
ΣûԿαؼƽϣ
һȭɣȫ֮ʴ˵ˣ
ߣҪֶԸȴ糤ס
ѹ糤裬ȴ糤ѹŴ򣬺Ǵ飡
ԿǶԷ糤⡣
Ҳ⣬ֻ֪幫Ϊλֹ˫սȥ
ϧɱǸ
һԵ𰣬ߴ뿪Щ޺֮ɫ
ǺܿסԼ
һܣֻˣ޷ǻӰպҪɱͷǳˣ
һĲŮȷʵƯرһͷƮݰ׷һ׺ɫװԵޡ

ƺĿ⣬ȴδ⣬˵䣬תҸ֮ۡ˽ȥ
һϻңʲô˼
Ȼδ룬ȥȥɣ
Ҫϣȴ뵽һ⡣
幫Ѿ뿪ЩڱˣߣҲ١
常λΪλֹ߼սȥ˵ӦǺһ𣿡
ʡ


181 ֮
幫ߣȻһġ
ѹƷ糤裬ѾǲˣȻ˫ͣս
ߣȻͣս
Ȼڻ幫֮ȴǲսˡ
ʳ糤һ̣СʳǸ໥ǣƣйϵǸӵúܡүг𣬵֮УȴҲв˿߳
糤ôһ˵̾ˡ
ԭˣ
ô˵ոǺһĻ幫үˣпܺͳеϵ
У챻żһңҲԲһ顣
ȻҪԸնݳߡôʳ֮л˻Դ˽Լ
⣬츳Ҳмϵ
ԭʳпֻүүڰбԸġ
츳¶˶ļֵ
رǻ֮УүˣҪұסҴһЩ鷳
⣬λߵĲ֮ߣ
һңСһţһ壬վ˵Զ뿼ǵ⡱
ֵ¸ӪԿΨбֶ෽⣬ŸԼͳελ
ʣүЩܴ󣬿´˻һЩΪˣ幫Ż֣߳ʱһ
棬ѾĽˣǸƨɡ
ΪһˣҲûκȥԸҪʲôҲֻЩС
ǻ幫棬϶ټ鷳
Ǵˣ糤Ḻ̌ͣеĸ֮
幫ʮ꣬Ҳء֪վŵĴ˭
ţܿ𰣬Ҹ֮ۡС
ڷ糤裬ڿ϶Ҫ˵һЩģΪָһ¥ڴƹһǿߣȥ̸еġ
Ҳȥŷ糤裬ȸ𰣬ԼʲôҪ˵ɡ
ˣΪߵҲؾأȻ𰣡
Աɣˤڵأ涼ûˣҿոΧûʲôע⵽
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ͬѰ飿
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Ψһ֪ؾǿߣҲֻһδ֮һǺҶˡ
ʹ½֮⣬ľ
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Щ²⣬ֻԺһ˲ţο𰣬Ҳ̫ģ˵ǱץߵģпܻţֻҪϱǿһ֪࣡
Ҳôģֻϧҵ
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Ҳû취£½
֣˵Ҫ⿪Ľᣬֻȵ֪СҪ˽⵱ʱͱӵзǷʵ
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û⡣
ûԥʹӦˡ
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ķӦΪοΪδһ˵Ƿӣοпﻹţ
𰵱Ȼ֪ģȫĲΡ
½Ĳ䣬ؾһֽ׶βܽӴģ
һԸ֮˹ϵһ˲٣̫챮ԸóԷˡ
ͻȻоŵľӡʼȣ仯ģȻһԽе֮
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˻ŵľӡԽԽȣ⣬ȻԴ֮
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ɫһ䣬ʱϸ۲еǸӰ
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ħ֡
Ӿӡ֮ϣͻȻһģʶ
ĸֵģǶ⡰ħ֡Ľܣܣɫ
ħ֣ȻĶ
ⲢʲôֻһĳŵĿֲ
ֲֿֲԺ֮󣬻ĿѿܿƱ˼롣
ңħֻиֲԣǾ£ħᱬӵΧϣ
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ǵǲᣬҵǰΪ˺ƣҲʼ˽̵ңֻϧ
˵˵ţۿЩ죬һ룬ڲЩʱ򣬱»ش˵ҵûʲôˣҲû˻һӵɡ
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֮ĵħֱ֮󣬻ᷢʲôû취ˡ
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似
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ԺлĻʱԶⷽϢһϢпܾ㸸ס
˵
ţһġ
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ȷ˵Ǽ٣һֱغأٵ뵽̫챮ڵʯңͰ˼⡣
ΪʲôУԵõ̫챮
Ҷǰҵ̫챮ȴķʱ䣬޹ղŽɽׯ
𰣬ûʲô֮Ҫ˵Ϊʯңš
϶ǳϡ
𰣬ʱҪһԭ򣬱Ϊˣùϵ
ڿԻΪɹġ
ص˵һ־似߿Ծĸף
ûиʲô֪Լܣʵ̫϶
תȥ˵Ҹطһ̫챮ɣҵ֪һĵطҾǸطô̫ϡ
Ŷʲôط
ԣȤҲ
ܹ̫ĵط˵Ҳͦõģ
֪ˡ
һЦת㳯Ҹ֮ۡⱼгȥ
˵ĵطȻҸۡڴƻʳУܿ뿪˴ƻʳǵķΧŲԶһɽǰС
ʱ˿̣ԺȻŵħֵ⣬Ȼһʱ⣬˿ûע⵽һȺ˸뿪˻ʳǡ
һȺˣÿ˶ɱڣĿȻ


183 ̶
ȺҪ׷ɱˣҵˡ
ҵܹܹźղһ뷢԰׵ߣɫȴΪ㣬ֱӵصǿߣżḻս飡
ʮҵӴƻʳǳ׷ɱˡ
Ȼ֣ͬؾصܣǹźղȴһ
Ÿո̤ؾأεδڻ̫ͨᣬǺ͹źղٷ֮ٲǹźղĶ֡
οźղδȫؾءصǿߣѾ൱Ҳһ
ңڲ࣬źղЩˣ˵൱ڳϸֻ˺ľǿ߰ˡ
ֻԸһؾصļһźղҪҸǿ֮ˣѾ㹻
˹źղ⣬һҲ˶УȻһؾصΪ
˧ˣҵĴӣԪ
׿Ϊ𾴣벻ȴϡ
Ԫ͹źղһ뱼УĿж˸һƺɫ
˴дһضܽСӻ׽õ̫챮
źղòϵ˵
Źܼң֪СӺ𰣬˴Ҫǰδ
ԪһֱŻصʳǣҪʶһϻӿֳʲôǿߡ
պõõϢҪ֮ǰ
ӦǺ̶Ȱɡ
źղΪ϶˵Сϴ̫챮ͺ̶ȵ廷ƣлܹ̫챮ķ
̶ȡ
Ԫ˧¶һĨɫ⺮̶ȣ֮أ

һ·ǰУĿĵȷʵλɽ֮еĺ̶ȡ
һλڼ͵Ƶɽȣɽһ̶꺮ɽȶΪ
⣬̫챮ķȷʵƣĻȻܸ̫
츳ȻȲȴһѾ̫ϣǺ̶ȵĹ͡
ƻʳǸɽУûʲô޵ĳûϾƻʳǿ̫ˣĸ޻⸽ɽ
ǲǴ
ûã𰣬뵽ɽ֮Уһ޵ĺѾǰƮȻ
̶ȵϢƺѾܵһˡ
һڵħе˼ʵ˻
ħ֣һʱ֮Ҳûʲô취Ψʱȷ֮İȫȻһļһӦҲʲôҪ
г˵Ļ϶ˣȵڣ
֮İȫϣû̫ĵġ
֮ҪԼʵڶԸʱȻûʹȫѾоȽϳˡ
ֻǸո̤ؾأ
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үһŮǧ˿ڣߴţԼλĴùߣ
Ҫѹǧǿ
⺮̶̫򣬱һûᣬ̫һ¥ʵٴһΡ

ɽ·һֱ£̤ܿһƼ͵ɽȣ˺ӭϮ
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ĽŲһ̤룬Ȼʣ·̤һƬѩ
ƻʳǵڣرƫ˵ܳıѩأȻƼ͵ĵطȴһ̶ȣ
˵ɽ룬һƬȫ˺ˮ̶ˮ̶󣬵ȴ˱ɢ޾
⺮̶еĺ䣬ȻȲ̫ĲΣѰ˵Ҳ൱Կġ
û飬̤뺮̶ȣױ㶳У
Ҫȥĵطһξ롣
˺̶֮վ࣬ЩصЦһЦ
һξ룿
Щ졣
վѾܵе̫Ծڴ˴̫ٶȾԱһֹ
Ȼȴ˵⻹յص㡣
ɻĿУߵɺˮ̶ϣС̧һȣʱڱ˺üѺۣ
ǵ̶ײȥ¶̫ͣ챮Ϊʺϡ
΢̣˵
ԭˡ
Щ죬𰣬Ȼ뵽ְ취̫챮̺Ҳͦģ
ʹ½һ;伫ǽԼɱ飬ֻҪܱʶ򵽸ǿ
̫챮ȡɡ
һ㽫̫챮ȡ˳ͬʱ˳žǹǰУһǹȻ£̶涼ѿ
ǹɨʮľ˲䱬ըں̶һӡ
ûͣ¶ǹʩչɱ似ɱ˲ӣſֲں̶һͨײ
㹻ͬʱ¡
ʱҲȡ˻ΪƵ̫챮һۣһ̫챮ƻָԭĴС
ʱеİ̫챮ںһγһ̫챮
̫챮ںͷų̫˲ǿ˺ü˸һϲ
һ̫ٶȣ϶м
̫ƣӦúܹܿˣ
ǰһһۡ
ͬʱ˵ͷȻ̫챮Ǹ̶Ӷȥ漴ȥ
̫챮ں̶֮е¶ȼ罵͡
ܿ죬̶Ǳӣ¶̶棬ûþͻָƽ·ûһ
Ȼ̶м½¶ȣȴʾƽĲͬ
𰣬˸һִ̫챮ϣûãͱֲĵ³׶סһ¶û취
Уʮɱĺ̶ȱ棬׿ˣֻоһĨ΢⣬ں̶棬вдһ
ǼΣյģ
һСģľû취ͻƱص̶棬ôں̶ײ
ȻѾо飬̫챮ںܵѹʱ
̫ܳˣЧȴκһζҪá
뵽
Ȼں̶ײˣȫû뵽ʱ˿̣һǵټһ·׷˺̶ȣҪնɱ
źղԪҵҪҵ̤˺̶֮С
أ
źղԪһȥֻĺ̶ԼΧѩ׵ɽڣȴûмһӰӣ
¶ȵ࣬ǿ϶ҽ̫챮ȡˣ
ԪɫһɢңֻҪҵټ֪ͨ˻ϣһΣԲˣ
ܹʮˣͬһʱ䳯ź̶ΧɢҪټ
Ǹû뵽ں̶ײ̫
Ȼʱţǳʶʲô
˫棬⣡


184 ֮
һһҹʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ҵľں̶Χûҵټ̶ȸ½¶ȶЩ¡
ķķǰʮĻȻµĺ̶Уȴһþ
һ﾿Ķȥˣ
ԪɫǳˬڶԷͷ̶ȣǰ˲ʱԷȻȫˣ
ֻдȽ͵¶ȣ֪϶
̶У¾òɢ̫챮пһֱ⸽
źղǾḻһܣսͣ˺̶λá
֮ǰûô⣬ȻڵҲ۲ĸϸһЩڿں̶Լи俪ĺۼ
ں̶ײ
źղһȻ뵽ԣ漴㱻²𾪡
̶ȣ¶Ⱦͺܵˣɽ֮꺮̫챮ڸ¶ȵ͵˼£
ô͵¶£𰣬Ȼѡ뺮̶У׶ס
һ̫챮ɲ٣ȴżǿΣԣ
Ѻ̶ҿҵҪǲ棡
źղһ£֮ǰһ
ؽ̶ײ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ȻȴҲǡǡԽΪʲôǵһһҹûҵټԭ
ʱԪһĨ׹⡣
йŮͦܿϧǵһԶԧ죡
Ԫһ֣ҵ粽ź̶ȥʱʹȫź̶£
Ȼ֮ʱ춯

̶ײ
𰣬Ѿһһҹʱ䡣
Σֻ֪֪һһҹ̫챮˸
ԭ̫ϵĲΣشƻһ
ں̶ײʱ䣬ͻһ̫شƵĲΣ
޶طÿһΣر
̫ƵڷǿϣѾѷѪ
˵شƻҪǿһΣ̫ȴǵķ򣬱ѪһƷ
һƷĲ࣬ڷϵؾص
ɼ챮ǿĴڣ
شƣҲĵĲˣ⺮̶̫챮ʵ̫ˡ
ôţҪ뿪ʱͻȻ̶ϴһȻ֮ƺҿ档
˭
ɫһ䣬ʱ򣬾Ȼ棿
ѵ֪棿
ȫᣬȫ޷𰣬Ҳ֪𰷢ûС
Σս׼
Ȼ߶ӡɢ
ȭ
Ȼһȭ̼䳯ź̶
ڿΣȫʩչһȭ˲ʹ̶ͨı㣬ñϷ˸һ㶡
ţڵһ㣬Ӻ̶ײ𣬰ž֮
һȭһȭȪ֮·⻯Ȫ֮Ȼۣһؾص˲ͷţ漴Ȫ֮·嵱
ߣҵܹܹźղ
źղû뵽Ӻ̶ײֱӽΪĿ꣡
ˣ
һɨ˾ȵԪ
һﳤú֮ǰ׿࣬һӲ²ݣ
ȻǵˣǱûҪˣ
̫ƣ
кâһûκͣ٣㽫̫ͷųź̶ĺȫ֣
һ֮Կʮˣû˿Ϊ֪ʱ˿һ̫챮ߣ
̫һʱú̶е¶һ½˺üΡ
̫Ƹ֮£·Ҫɱ˪ɽжűѰһ¾ͻᱻɱ飡
Ԫڣ֮ͬһʱ߶ֵ̫ƺϮ
Ϻ̶ȵĵ̫֮ƣʵֲ̫ˣȥֵֻҪʱ䣬¾ͻọ̈̄Ӷ
̫У
ͷų̫ƣûκͣ٣̫չ˱ٶȣ˲ȥ߹źղ
̫ؾ֮ˣץס˵źղԪֻؾأ
ֻһ㵽˹źղ󣬽һȭ
ֻصɲǼɢźղס
ŹܼңСģ
һԵԪɫһ䣬Ĺʵ̫ѸˣȻùźղ⧲䳹壡
Ԫؾصǿߡ
һ˲䣬һʱ䷴ӦȻһֵ̫ƣȻȴġ
Ԫ˸ʵ˲両֣
򣬸ѹƣ
Ԫһŭȣһ˲䣬̫ƶԿһʱ֮䣬Ȼ̫Ƶ谭ٵͷϣ
ԪԿ̫ƾǿԪĻ
ڣȴ̫ͬʱѹʮһˣΪɢŻᱻԪ̫Ƶ
ֻأ
һֻ̧֣֮
ѹȣ÷ǳֻһȭԷĻ˲ͱһΡ
򣡡
ƾؾص򣬱뱻ĻԿһʱ侹ȻƾУ
ֻϧԪĴţźղڴӻȪ֮·ѹȫǿƣĻȪ֮鱬顣
ǿգɣ
źղѹ̱˸׹⣬ֳͬ򣬳ѹ
˫ػ˲ѹ
ϣ
һҧ׷˲䱬ھǹϣһǹŹźղ̶
棡
źղһȭֲһǹɣ
˫磬أԪһԼʱ谭һ似ı
ʧȥȻƺûκʤ㣬ȻڹźղԪҪΧɱʱ̫ȴһչ
У
ٶȣ׷ϣ˵ں̶ĵط̫ѹƣ
ǣһʤ㶼ûУ
žâ
𣿾ƾؾصܺĶãľֻ·һ
źղԪֱںɽȵԣһٶȶӳ̶ˡ
Ͼ̶ȵĳֻһɽڣȴߴǧɣԽܡ
ܻ裬ȴܷɣǧɵɽڣҲܷԾ
̫챮һ
Ԫ˵͹źղ֮ƣȹ
˵Ļ£κǿƵĽ
ҵ̫ƽΧƺѾ޴ˣ


185 ܹ֮
Ԫ͹źղؾصǿ߰Χκ춯
Χҵһһĳƽ
ڳʮһǿߣûһ˵ǵģҲؾأʮһһô죬ʱҲû˻·
ȻԪźղΪʤȯյʱ򣬳Ȼ仯
һźɫװΣͻȻı˳ɫ⽣ӰѸɱǾҵ
Ǿúܴһֵ̫ƣͻȻϮȫûκεֿ֮
⽣Ӱ
ɫ˫תһ˲նɱһؾصţ𰽿Σɱȥ
𰣬ǣסԪ͹źղֵʱͻȻϮ˲˶Է˵š
ģ
һЦ˿ûбǿ߼йΣС

Ԫ׹һʱ˸ҪѸնɱ
ֵĻڳ»ᱻնɱϾ̫ʵֲ̫ˣӲĽʵѹһؾ磡
һҽӽһԲʧ
ͻȻϮնɱһԪѾͷˣٳ
ԭźղԪܵģҶΧɱĻŲ·£Ҳܶʲôв
Ǹû뵽Ȼ̶ʱھ̫ƣ
طش֮ǼΪֲģһ㣬źղԪû뵽
ǿɴδ챮Ϊ˲Ŷ̫챮˿
ԪϮɱȥҵ˻ᡣ
źղˣ
ؾصǿߣǲӲֻʣ¹źղһʲôµģ
𰣬Ǻܵġ
Ŵά̫ƣΪĲǣ˵ж
٣ʣµİûκвˣԪҲҪĲֵ̫ơ
ڱ̫ѹƵ£Ԫֵ±϶ûģҪ֪Ҳ̫ϵˣ

״ĵڴʱ˿ѸȫĵĲѸٵĻָ
ڵָٶȱѰ޿Ϻü׷Чʵ̫ǿˡ
ɱ
ûйעԪˣԸźղȫԸױԷնɱ
Ͼ˫ĻǣҶԷʵ顣
̫ӰսжͷųԱԷ׻
ֻأ
һȭžֻ̫֮˻Һɫ⣬˹źղ
ȻҪ͹źղ

źղȥʱһСӣǲ֪ߵغ񣬲ؾأΪԼ쵽ؾǿ߶Կ
ܺӲԲؾǿߵĶ֣
ȭ飡
źղȭͷۣʱһͷͻ֮ڿи֣ҰԵȭ磬ȭͷ
ֻ֮Ȼ˲佫źղĻȭһ˳һ
ֻأֻأ
ţƾӲԷһȭͬʱٴδһȭȻ佫źղؾصľ磡
ܹźղһȭȫ׵⣬ǿһȭû̫ܵص˺
ȻźղȴǱסˡ
䣡
źղɫ䣬һ似ɱﵣûõκйһеϢûκη

źղ߶ʵ˲һŭ
似
鼶Ʒ似ͻȭ鲢ҵѧ
ڣֻͬΪ鼶Ʒ似鼶ƷѾεļ塢ܵõǿ似
ʱ˿̣Թޱȵźղ似óˣޱ
̫
òȥ˼ӵѹõ似̫ģʶѾ̫֮ûܵκӰ졣
ֻأ
ȥһУȻһȴùźղƣӦԡ
κ似ڴ֮ǰᱻֻһֻʣؾصΪ޷ˣɱˡ
£ڼˮδδʳֿʹͼϵǿޣһܹ
ʹʹεĸоֻ죬ܽӲƷ衣
ȻȴӲǼ֮ã
ɾװʱ˿ǿսʾˡ
ؾǿ߶ԿѾܽԷѹƣ
һȭһȭֻ֮ڳɢ
̫ƣ޾ͷţùźղθܵ谭
ˡԪ
źղɫ䣬̴һȻʱȴѾˡ
ı
һȭ̶棬֮ڹźղۣͬʱһӰεĻȪ֮Ѿס
ƾźղڻδָĲؾصΪһеĺ
ɲ֮󣬾𣬹źղĲҽȻܿȻֹ
ıȻɱǿһ似Ϊֹûʲôֵܹסģ
źղ
ɱ֣عͷȥԪ׷ɱ𰣬˫ʵڶƴ
ԪĻ飬ĺɫ飬ͷǿ
ҲӰԪüʧأܹôá
źղȻԪȴ֧ԮҽԪʶһεжҪˣ
źղˡ
ܼңҹþܶ鶼ڹźղڹźղһҵʵ˵½һأ
ڣпܺܿͻᶪƹĴҵţҪ֪ţƻʳ֮пڶء
źղһ˵Ӱʵ̫ˣ
Ȼ̶еսδ
ɱ
ǹɨɱӵ̶ȣ
̫ƵĿֲѹ£ʣµİӲʲôʵոջŻߡ
Ȼôˣ
ȻǵˣǱҪһ򾡣ܷκһ

ǹ⻮䣬һؾصնɱû˿ء
ɱƣˣ
ԪĿѣǺĻһ
ԻһеȲϹźղֺʮɾ룬һ㶼ûӰ쵽
ɱ
һ̫˻Ϊ˸˲նɱһ
ȻҪɱҶᱦұҪ𷴿
ô
̫ˣ
Դˣ¾飬ҪԷ¾
Ȼʱ˿̣ԪģѾԶԶ㡣
ָٶԶѰޣʱ˿̣ʱά̫ƣͿҪһա
֣
һԳɫ̽⽣ӰϮԪı
Ԫζû뵽𰻹Ϯ׹һһȭȭ飡
һȭ⧲


186 һ
𰻹ΪʱԪɱû뵽Ӻ͵ϮʱԪһʱӳһȭ
ȭ飡
鼶Ʒ似ʱ˿ڳױһȭȥ֣ɽ֮ѹ˲䱬
ɣ
ԪиֳѪ˿ȭȻǰӣ
ƴ
һһĻʱһͬʱһȭֻϮֻ֮٣һ̱㽫Ԫֻأ䵽ؾأ
һлȭ飬̴Ϊ֮һͣ
һȵʱ򣬱̴˾
ƴƴ
̫ͷųʱԪĻ໥⣬˭Ҳ޷κε˭
һ̣гɫ̽⽣ӰԪһȭԺһ
ֲı˸ʮɾ룬һζƴУȫûдƣԪ
ɼ䵽ؾصԪӲƴѾĶ֣
֮裡
˿ûͣ٣ʩչǸ鼶Ʒ似֮裡
Ǹӵѹ׾֪ԪȻѹƣѹֻܳһСʱ䡣
ٶȽԪܣ
֮跢˰źɫתΪһޱ⣬ɢŶĿĹʡ
һӰɢԪ̲סһ̡
̫ˣ
𰣬ѩ˪ü˹ɫװµĽޱȵ룡
Ԫ̲סһ̳֣ڣҲ͵ˡ
𰣬Բκλᣡ
ʱ̣ڳˣҲ޷ά̫ƵĴڡ
һɲǣʣȫоȫһɡ
̫ƣûˣ
ɱ
оǹɨɱ˲佫һصնɱ
ֻʣˣȫؾصޣ
ʱ˿̣Ѿնɱ˹źղ׵ʣ˵ӡ
ܣٲܾûˣ
УֳһͷȻͬʱתź̶ɱ롣
ʵϣֶԸڽƣߣ»δֵܹס
ȻЩһȴԼСֱתˣ
ۣۣ
ʣɱӣջһɲǵԪҲһ˫ɫ̽촦
ȥ׷ɱ
𰿴ûԪһۣ̤Ųӱ㳯ź̶֮׷ȥ
ʱüȴ΢Ϊ˾ȻŲͬķӣٶȣƺԽһ򾡣
ȥ
̫ͨʶ̫ƾշ𣬾Ȼ𰣬Լٶ׷еһˡ
۵糸
һܿƽ飬гɫ̽һ⣬˲佫һնɱ
ţ̫𰻬Ѹ׷˵ڶˡ
ʱʣһѣȫĳɫ̽ϣһԶ̽ϵĺɫˡ
Щ˶ҵǿߣȻɱˣǵȻܷκһˣ⵽ҵı
ȻЩѾҽһǿȴǼҲԪĸףʹﵽһ硣
ŭǣ
̫һ˫̽ڽȫնɱһ㲻κ֪Ԫ͹źղɱģ
Ҳûʲô˻Ǹͣôȫɱɡ
ʵϣҪǡʱ̫ƣ治һܴѣ˵Էȫˡ
Ѹٻָͬʱһ𣬽źղԪʮ˵ʬһ׼һѻյ
ʬʱŪ˼ս˾Ŀռ䣬ӦҲкüǧöҵļֵ
źղδЯʲôֵǮĶЩϧ
ԪЯһսֻϧ鼶Ʒսûκηá
˭ôᶨȻɫ
ã
Ϳ϶
ĻòһһģֻԲԪֱӱջҲһ
ҪŻյʮһʬʱͻȻϿʼ죬ʼ
꣬ü졣
˵Ļշ㱻ԽԽ꽽𣬰ŵľ绮񷣬·նֳ˺üΡ
⣿
ü΢ô꣬ҪβܽЩʬȫ٣
Щʬ壬ǾԲģױ˲²˭µ֣Ļɾͱˣ
Ұɡ
ҲоЩ鷳һѻˣǾֻϵ䳹׻ˡ
׷ԱѰǿֻֻϣҪ״ݻʮһʬ壬ЩѶȡ
ָٶ൱죬ܿӵ㹻ͷϡ
ף𣡡
һӣһ׹֣ŻЩʬϡ
Ŀƣͷһлϸ۲һ֣ܿһֲ̫ǿұ̫񱩵ö࣡
һ챮
ǰһڿȷģǾ׳أΪ˵ʱվȴ漣ٴγ֡
ʩչǴ׵׳õ˰ɣ
ϵĻ£ʮһʬ屻״ݻ٣ҷɶû£ڱб𲻼

̲ס̾
ڣǳʵһʵֲ̫ˣ챮鼶Ʒ似鼶ƷսȻܿԽؾնɱǿߣ
һͷĿ㶨ϣһʱЩƲˡ
ı£ʪ͸һѩ׳²ϣˮε£һĻ˵ֱʩչ֮ʱˣ
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𰲢δע⵽Ŀ⣬תź̶ȥ
˵һʱӭս̫챮ں̶Уûȡ
һ㶣漴ϡ
ܿ죬һС̫챮˴Ӻ̶ײȡ˳
Сˡ
üͷ΢塣
ʵ⵹һη֣֮ǰ;쵽Լǰ̫챮򣬾𽥱Сȴԡ
Ȼڣ̫̫֮챮ȴСࡣ
ţҲһЩϣ챮еڱ֮ǻ𽥱Сֱ챮챮ͻ᳹ʧ
˵ͷ˵
ͬʱ챮տһ˶򡣡
ü
ôʲôٵ̤˺һľ硭ôңԶ飬ҲŲȥ롣
һЦ
˵ز˾뿪ɡ
һ˼׼С̫챮һΪȻܿ췢֣һǰ
̫챮Ȼ϶ΪһѾû취ֳΪˣ
ԭ̫챮ԶΪ룬ԵȻڣ뽫ֳ붼ˣ
Ǹ⡣
ֳܷ룬̫챮˭
𰣿


187 ʼ
Ȼȷľ̫챮˭˾;ʱһжˡ
̶ȣǲٴŵģѰɽһȽϺĵط˸Сɽ׼̫챮
Ȼڴ֮ǰץֻҰã׵ˣǲһһġ
˻ʪ͸ĽСɽʼ̫챮
ɽ֮о̫һʱ֮䲻ͻƣɽ֮⣬̫
ôס
ȥɽȫɫ׹⣬һһ񷣬ղŻĹâ
壬״ƣ
һж
̫չڱлܿ˸ߵɽУɽ壬ѾƲ㡣
Ʋеĵǰ
ϣ
һߣͷųϣʱɽ۸ĵ׷׾ͱ˹һһȻ
ʱ˿̣ȻûоӡЩ׵Щͨ׵磬׳صҪСöࡣ
ɾ͵װ壬ֵסЩ׻ܹġ
仹ʣʱ䣬ȴȫûиʱͻƣ

ͬʱƻʳС
ҡ
糤Ѿ̸ˣ϶ߵԶضڷ糤ߣǿӦ糤ȥسǡ
ȻжǣŷҲ֪ڷںη
ҪǷÿһʱ䶼ɸ봫Ÿ˻ǻᵣޱȣ
ˣ˻ǶԷΪǡ
糤ΪָͻƴﵽؾأڴƹһǿˡڣʮĻۻûϡ
糤صɽžӣ㿪ʼȫؾأһľ磡
ܴﵽ磬Ƿ糤ʵͿ˵ǽӽһ֮ĴҼļ
ֻϧһľ磬Բô״ﵽģǷ糤ʮĻۣҪһҲһߵżƿ
伴ʼ糤ֲԤУүпѾźһС
㵽ʱսʤǧҲ¶ˣ
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˳㣬뵽𰣬һ뿪ңҲ֪ȥĶ糤赹ǲˡ
һ·˶Σգ
׳׵ضɾװ壡
糤裬ǶĹϵΪȤܹճһԣǵҲǲģ
뵽糤΢̣Դ˺ڴ

ʱʧ٣δö˵ģǷ糤軹֮ˣѾ˺ܴġ
ҹźղԪ뿪һֱδ飬ҶһӰ
ǹźղԪǴߵľƾմ˼һôҶҲ
ǰһ죬ҺΰĸۡС
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ʱһҴУϵҼʹı档
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ˣ伴ʼźղԪȴ˼ʧˣ
Ȼ֪źղԪǴȥԸˣǣԸСӣôʲô⣿
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ϾҸۡſں˵飬ʹ˻ʳǡ
˭֪ȻؾأȴѾӵ˶Կؾǿߵʵ
ȵЩͷʱͻȻһ̽˽Ǹˣ
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ֻǶһˣҲû˸Ҷκβ幫֮ˣþ֣

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챮شƣƹֻһܹͬʱӵС
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ڹи֮ܿڴ˺üϤӰ۾һС
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188 
䣬̤õʱ򣬱ѵһ١
ԭڵ£ȴռڵܣ棡
ڷ֣ԭϵһӵܣڷƳΪףϣ͵Ϯȴһкɣ޴档
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ǻ֪꣬˭Կ϶ǣǻʳĴ֮һˣӦСˡ
䣬֣˻ûʲô磬ͣͲǰ
ţҡҡͷ
ˣѾûκιϵԲȥᡣ
ᣬܿͿʼˡ
ܹĸܵУŲǿĴڣ粻ǰһŽɫӵˣǱҼ
ڹУܹܵɨȫʱһƺʲôˡ
ȻȴʧûҴĿ꣬սһ䣬δʧ
𣿡
𰿴ʧ̲סʵ
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ѳϵǺǱ֮һǺҶָȥģ޷ֻܹá
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˸꣬һ֣һǧöң˵ȫëë꣬⻹ֻǵһƷˣ϶ѹ֮۸Իߡ
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˷׷Цţʼǻƥ
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ڷ糤Ĵ£·Ҽʳǣ֮أҶǿƵĶࡣ
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ڵܲƲ˽ʮöˣǳʲôҪĶܱߡ
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ǰֳϣȻûʲôĶǿǲģܹ˽ⲻٶۡ
ĶܹѸʵսҩڵͱȽˣΪֶȥҪɳȽϻ
һ˵öҩʵﵽʱ䣬޵ʽ𣬹Լս
󣬶˵㲻ΪǳʲôƷҩͲô˸ˡ
Ȼһֱ˶ʮûԼҪġ
ҩڵȻһû֣
Ǳһ뿴
룬ֵŮһ΢Цһµӣ漴򿪣ǰģһεĲ٣
ݣҩݣƳɵпܳɾҩЧԶøλֱһ磡
Ůһ߽ܣһ̨˻ȵ
ݣҩݣ
ڴƹڣıＫϡ٣ҩսǳ֣ԻƹɲСӰ졣
֮ǰ糤õĲ쵤÷糤ָΪôƹһؾصǿߣ
ʱ˿ֳ̣һݣ
ҩݣֱӷõЧôãǽƳɵҩǿɾ˲ˡ
ǰһ
պãʦϣݣǺпܵõһöҩ
ǲ֪ܲƳҩ


189 ׼
Ƶҩķڲ˽⣬аڣ֮󣬿ʰϡ
һ֣жʱַ
֮ˣһӶûı²ǵҩƷսֻҩݣҲ۾
ݣļöˣÿμӼ۲һöˣģ
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ΪˣȻֵȴû̫˳ۡ
һʧܣ˰ıɾͳ˷ˣ
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вһЦ
ԣ֪һ϶ˣΪʲôϵɣ
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ҩݣûдһնûУ
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˵ϾûԹҩƾһ˿϶УҪĸİæ
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ȡʣµöˣ˵
һöˣ൱һöңߺ͸ϣǴ´ˣ


190 
ʦĿҪ󼫸ߣؼıҪСġ
ֻߵ֮ˣܹҩݲƳɵ
֮ԻֺͷܰΪӣΪŮߵģѰ޶еģ
ӵеߣһҪߵĵͬʱӵв츳͸ѵá
ʦƵĵҩƷһ㶼ᳬԼ̫࣬һصʦֻܹƳ鼶ҩҪҩܡ
ңҩƷԽԶɵʾԽС
ڰϲؾصΪҪҩɷǳѣɹʲһɣ𰡢֡ܰİæɹӦܴﵽϡ
Ʒʸߵ¯ܹɵʣʦȣҲܹóɹ١
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ݣڱȽ״ҩݣҩĳɹʣߴɣ
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ǸоֱͨͽץһֻӬҪѣ

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ؿҪʼˣϽɢ˰ɣаϣúϢһ
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ֺͷܰŮԻطȥˣ֮ǰЩɵĴ𰡣
ˣ᲻һȥ˯
߰ɡ
˵ͷԼȥ
˻һˣ
ֺͷܰˣһߣȫֻҪһˣ
𰣬̫챮
׼Խʵ塭


191 ƿ
Ҫʵ壬ÿһ˵һ޴ƿ
˵飬̤ؾѶΪһôʵѶȱʮ
̤ؾޣֻʮ֮һܹʵ壬ɼѶ֮ߣд츳ߴˣԲ̤ؾأ
ӵоӡԼ츳ĵģϲУ˭У
һֱԼ
һ̤ؾ֣ȻѰҪࡣ
ҩ̺֮ǰõԾ𵤻Ҫʮֹ
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꽣̤˽䳡ŰҲ̤֮С
䳡ڴɫ׵Ľľ׮һվţȻ羹ﵽؾأ
Щɫ׽ڻҵĽΪڼ׾ҳ϶ȼߣǻӵеǿ
Ȼڰ϶иǿͲѰܹ֪ˣң¶᳹˽ҵĵơ
ڼ׾Ľ䳡֮ʱ˶оһɱ֣˴
Щڼ׾缫ߣΪҲ֪ٵˣȻȻɢһɱ֮

Ű٣һ̤䳡Щڼ׾Ȼһͬվĸһ㣡
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Ŀɨȫ֮󣬳ͻȻһ䶯漴˵ţүˣ

һĿŽ䳡ڴȥ


193 
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ӣɫۣ˰ȻھȺۣųϣǹһĨЦݣ·ִ֮С
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Ҳ˵ܹʮһһʤųʮһ֧
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͵ÿصӵķˣ


194 һֲҰ
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ĻлսǲⱲӵĵһΣΧս֮ˣƹΧڶλȨأǵۣպչҲͶһ;
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꽣ڵһѲػӷ
׷ɱǧ˿ڵӣػȴǲˬˣңһܣ

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䳡У˷ûãǧ˿ڵӻʣˣĴţ͸ֻʣڳˡ
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رǸԭǻ⣬ȴڡһһ֧ûеõ
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һ㣬߾ȫֹһ־Բٳ֣ǧ˿ӮһֵĻɾƲɵˣͽѶ
һֻս֮󣬷»гʱȥͲػϵ
յĵһֻս˽ҲѷŸš
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197 ʮ
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199 ʱ
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Χ۵£һ䣬˱ʧȥ˲ʸҪôԼͷ뿪䳡Ҫôͷڽ䳡֮С
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³һ֮Ȼһ˱ɱ䣬ȻԼƺҲ˺ܴۡ

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³֮󣬳˵躮ʱûʲô֮Ȼ˵ע
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ȱ³𣬼ûʧȥսҲˡ
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һһػӣͬʱ꽣ڵӵĽҲֻѡ䡣
ػϵšǸһȫû
вػһߵĵӣ躮նɱʧΪأ
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ô˵ս֣ûʲôϵˡ
лʣµģ躮֮⣬кŵӣһֱڲܵĹС
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躮ǿʵⷽ沢ûд̫ƣ
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200 ϳ
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У³һһǧ˿ڵӣڽͷų
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³飬ȻҲһɽ壬һ֣ǿƣ˲佫ǰ꽣ڵͬʱѹס

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201 ȫ
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202 
ڴƻʳǣҪԸʵ̫ˡ
Ĳ˵ĴңҵҪҡξټҡң
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ڣŵʵһӾ½һΡ
Ѫɫȭâ֮󣬸ǲҾæ֮뿪˽䳡
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Ը֮ͬˣҪʲôֶΣ
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֮ǰ˳ϣȴʼûҵүүˡ
ΪʲôŲ֣
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⽫ǻս׶εһţֻһؾ֮˲ս
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Ǹ𰡢ɯԭĺĵӵһڶڻȴǸΨһһӵؾصӵš
꽣ںĵӵһĳع⣬ǰ½һǺ鼶Ʒսʵп϶Ҳųܴʡ
֮⣬źĵӵһŷػĵӵһܡǧ˿ںĵȣؾصǿߣڴƹЩ
Уǧ˿ڵȣƣ˿ѷɫǧ˿ǧ
Ϊȣʮ꣬Ѿ̤ؾأǴƹ֮ĵһţ
˶ǿ߼ϳƵ߳
ǰ漸ۿһǿ֮ȴһҪۿˣ
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ȥ;Уҵѹʵһ֣Ů˰˭
Ůˣ
һ㶡
𰰡
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ɲŮˡ
ҡҡͷ˭Ҳ֪ʦСķˡҺҲֻͨѣûʲô̫Ľ顣
ǿɾͲðˡ
ԣüͷ
𰲻վһߵĻʱͺŵŷˣԿ⼸ˣǾǰܶʤ٣
Ҫ֪սֵĹ򣬺֮ǰֶһ
֣ǰձ̭˳򣬾ӵһڰ
վڳϵıǵһܵõ֧ڶ֧֧Դơ
ȱ̭ˣòκν


203 
Ǹڴƻʳʱס
𰡢ɯؾصĵӣͺ¸һ䣬ʲô
ΪƵģûбҪٺͲػϵź
˵ʵ֤ǰֺǺǸľ
𰣬ָľԣǺôĵӣ
ŮɯŹκοԴĻᣬʱ˵
ɨ˰ɯһۣû
ʵϣ˽Ȱƣ÷ƺںֻϧһֱڲŻŪӡ
Ĳ˵˵չȥĵ֣ϳһ֡
԰ٷ֮ٿ϶Ӯһƫţɱķȫ
ƿ϶Ҳأʱ˿̣ӵǰȴֳܱ
رǱһ˵ҲЩ
ǸǸ
ҷòָֻţ
£ö˵ȻͲػϵźˣǾ͸úף˳ϣܺͶȰǸи̨ȥ
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һǧ˿ĵһŶýķȥӰ켫Զ
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˵ǣֻҪ˵ȥǳǰܣν
˵⻰뿪˷䣬˫͸žâ
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ǧ˿ڻղµӣ˥ȥʱƶѾˣ¶ιأ
һ뵽ǰɽɽһӦĺôǷҪģ

ڣۿŷת뿪ûκС
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ɯһԣЦ
ɯ
ͷһŮ𰣬ϴδ㣬Ϊ˵ҵʵѾԽ㣬ңαأ
ΪʵѾԽң
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ڽȥµһ֣϶ͰɯһӷƵİţΨŻͰɯϣ
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һ˵꣬뿪䣬˸֮£⽣ӰѸٵʧˡ
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𰣬ҪŰ

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һֻսУǧ˿֮Уǿӳͬһս̨Ͻ
ߴŵؾصӣѾ׼ˡ
ԭߴŵĺĵһﵽؾأ붼Ϊˡ
Ϊһε䣬ЩĵӶûгΪϣΪһΪϣûʸٲμˡ
һ䣬ϵߴķȥ
У̤˽䳡
УһɫӣŷҲ߽˳УͲվһ
עĿģǧ˿Ǳߣʮĵţȣ۵ϹŵЦݣ˿ԵüΪء
꽣ڵ꽣ͣع⣬Ǻ粽߽䳡ŷǷ
ػϵźǸѾԵѣܡ𡢰ɯһߵһϡ
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Ǹ𰣬Ķߣ
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սڿʼ
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ȫźֳۣһѶϵΨ˫¶ͷɱȻ
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Ӱ£ŮζȻӰ⽣Ӱ֣һʼƾУ
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204 Ӱ鲽
ĽУ񼶵ķǱ˵Ǳʤˡ
̫򣬱񼶷Ҫ߳һƷǵ챮򣬴һһսбܹ̫Ƕôǿơ
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ԭɯԼǺĵģϾڶǸ似ϣһΡ
ڣ𰾹Ȼǿشƣ
⣬ҡĪҡҵķ򣬸ǿ󡭡
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⽣Ӱ
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̫Ƶ˪ٻٶһ벻ֹ
⽣Ӱ
һӰɯһϮȥ
ĻһаɯԵֵסȻʱһŻȻԱϮһһмǰ
ػܣ
ڰɯҪܵ˲䣬ܾȻǧһ֮ʺ棬赲ɱһ
䣬ǻսǵ
˺󼸲վһֺŵŷȻѾܿ񱩵Ļ̨ȥĺ赲ӡ
ܣȻŷǿô࣡
֪ܿΪʲôˣΪнһѻᦣϿ̻šػ֡
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νսһŵı־սѻᦣǴﵽ鼶ƷĲΣ
鼶Ʒսֲô콫ŵŷܣ
鷳ˡ
һŷһܣͲбҪԶ˲ѹ
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һϳѸײڶ֮ƽȻܣȻȴ仺ץסὫס
ˡ
ԴϴһĨȻһӣǧɫӰ˿ߣűӰסĳعϯȥ
ҡ䡭
عоԼܵвǳģʱ˿̣Ҳֻʣһ;
û뵽ԼӵǺȻһʮСӣ
ȣȻСʵȴǼǿҲԩһжѹǧ˿ϣûһƣȣǵ֮һɣ
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ֻЩڣ֪ͲѡΪˣ㵽һζûõ̫ˣ
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ս׶ιĸֱƴ׶Σǰֵʤߣ͵ֵŵӣܹμӵģڱ̭ҲսĻᡣ
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ǧ˿֮⣬ֱͬ޵лѣ
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ǵģΣһԤף׵״ԭʧˣ
սϯϣ۾а룬ڳˣһУͲдʱ򣬲Ѿʩչǲеɱﵣ
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ֻ֪һһʩչƾȡ磬Բеټ
Ӱ鲽
ֻа٣֪һ似֣ԼƷ鼶Ʒ似
һУص似ǲżȻõ鼶Ʒ似˲滨๦
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ȻֻǳȻ֮ԸȺͶҲǴ´ˡ
δӳлȻʧȺͶüͷ΢壬ֵ¹ȴδֹͣ
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Ȼ£ǼһȥĶ
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ʩչӰ鲽ĲУδѡźȡԿǳ䲻ܵǱߣ𰽫ػĺĵ˲ˣ


205 жϱ
ػĵܣû뵽Χ͵Ϯʱ˴
вŹӰ鲽˲һ֣һ۳һ֧ì˲䴩͸ܵĴȣѪ
һģԭֳֻᦣҫ˲䲻ڣæ߶ŵ³ӣԶ
ǲػ似鼶ƷĲػ֣ȻĻܲŲػַǲػһ
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ܸǰһ֧ìƿϮţ
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лãƾӰ鲽ܹ֤Լȫͬʱ֮ìġ
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һͷų̫ƣֲĵȻɯС
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ۿһԳɫ̽Ӱ·𳤽ڿ趯ɯС⡱һ¡
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еֶΣһ𾪣ڡ
ԲôӰûʲôõӦ԰취̫ơ״ǿѹͼΪ鷳

оΪƹŴ֮һʵȻͬ죡
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ʱһԵõϢܣŻᦣǿ似ʩչʱһƬ泯ŲʮӰ˹ȥ
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УδȥԸܣʩչӰ鲽ȥԮİɯˣ䣡
ŲȫɢɱɯΨһ;ڵ״̬Ψ·һˡ
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״һ˿ŭⲽУȻƾӰ鲽ˣ
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УȻĻսжˣ⵽ô£
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Ȼʱ˿̣࣬һ˿һã䣬ƺѾˣ
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ԼһϿյâն˲еֱۣʱһѪ飬жϵһӣһϿյâ˳
ҪͷһߵڷӦ
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ȥΣ
̫׹֣жϵֹһϿյâȻŽ䳡ͲϮȥ


206 ӭս
ŲУŽ䳡ⱼУ̤䳡һɲǣ˿
Ȼȴû뵽ȻŹǣջӳһϿյâ
һâٶȼ죬ȵ𰿴ʱѾȫˡ
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ڴʱһȴԴžͼһѷž֮ɫĳǹϮǵâ֮ϣǵâ÷飡
ΣڲԶ̤
ϵţǧ˿ڣȻ޳ܣ¶ǺֶΣ
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仰ΧʱһƬȻ󲨡
ֲòûʩչǹӰһ似㿪ȻǱ˶ڱ¶ֶΣ˲ݣ
ûɱУȻЩ̫ġ
֣Ҳ֪ûٶԲɱֵˡ
¶
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ֻؾص磬Σʵܹؾ֮˶Կ֮û


207 һȭɱ
ڴ볡Уܡ
ܿؾصСӾȻϳЦһСӣ㻹ΪԼеʲôˣȻѡ񵥶ңһ֪һѡ񣡡
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۶ϵͶһ˲ŭɶ


208 ѪծѪ
һؾصСӣȻеͣⲻ
һ۵ֳֶϵ粽˳С
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ܺͶ𣬶ûгŹУɯĶ֣Ļ˵ܡ
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211 л
̨ϣڻս׶һ֮Ϊڶʤڸֱƴ׶Уһξ춯ء
ɱػܣն϶ϵŶֱۣǿƻ꽣ڳع⣡
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֮УˣϽɫ֮ϸֳһĨ亹
ֻһ㡣
һ㣬ͲֵܵסĺѾǱεĻˡ
ҵ似Ȼͬ죡
̤ǧǿĶ֣ﵽؾصǧڴƹŴ֮УѾǰС
Կ϶ǣԱڵĪĪǿ
ʵ似Ҳ졣
ǧĴ˳һɫƬϽɫɢ
ɫӰӰʵƯһγǰ
ֻһ˲䣬ǧ磬Ѿָؾء
ֻصЧڶʩչЧѾ΢΢Ψһ˲žЧȻܿͻʧЧ
ֻһУô˵鼶Ʒ似
ʩչԲȻ
ǿ߶սȷͻƿһ֮䣬似ҲͻƵ߾硣
ʱ˿̣üΪ٣ֻص򣬷·ָһЩ
ġȪֻء
нϵһ𣬾⾳Ȼɢ
ֻأԶԵʩչܹԼʩչֻأܿȥҲܿδ
ֻأһ鼶Ʒ似˾⾳֮󣬽۷徳磡
ֻشﵽ۷֮һȭԼδ
УԼѾ̤ؾأһԻȪȻһ֮γɻȪϱڣԼΧ
ȻԻȪȻܹۻȪϱڣ
ʱԻȪһҲЩ
δ似ﵽ۷徳ֻأȻӵ
Ȼսûǿȴ似ٶȴ
ȻԳһ£۾֮γɻȪϱڡ
ţ̧ͷǧ
ǧĶ֣γĵʯ
ǧһԾ̤ϸߵ磬Լ֮ĸӼᶨ

ǧδ̫õĴϢᣬһ̧֣һϮ
һأǧֻصѾ˵ֿ㱻ֻأҲ䡣
һֵֻˡ
ֻأ
üȭɫһ̧֣ȫΧʼ۾֮
δһģһһȪϱڣ࣬˸Źĵ⣡
ɫȪϱϵʱ򣬻Ȫϱ϶ʱֳ·ɫɢ
Ȼ֮ԻȪȪϱڣ˿ֲ
ͷ𾪣䳡ˣʱ˿ѾŲˡ
̫ˣ
һؾصСӣȻֵܹҵ鼶Ʒ似ֱ˼飡


214 ٻ
䳡ˣĿֲսˡ
һ꣬ɳɾ;ԱǧߣսĶӣ
֮ӣƽ
ֻϧȴ֪Ǻѻ뿪ˡ
һսܴܲӮ˵ء
Ȼ˶ʶǿ󣬵Ķ֣ؾصǧ
ߡ
һȻ۹ŹֵĺɫϣֵԼĻǧвм֮ɫҲ΢΢
Сӣʵ̫Źˣ
ÿǧãܹˣȴŴγԤϣĹֵ
ֻһˡ
ǧд⣬¶Цһ
ţһ̧֣һɫϢʱӿǰһɫС
ɫСڽɫϢϾۼ£ԽԽ󣬽ʱ󣬾ȻΪһɫΡ
ٻ
䳡Χ۵Ув˶Ի似ָƣ̱㿴ʲôʽˡ
ٻǻǿ似Ѿ鼶ķ룬似
似鼶Ʒ似ȣĸǿ
ǰû֪Ϊûʩչ鼶Ʒ似ȻڣƺϾҪˣ
ٻԻ߷ϢٻϹŻ߽٣ѹһС
ٻϹŻʵʩչٻйأʱؾصǧʩչһУôٻϹŻߣؾصľ硣
ʲô
վڲԶ˻Ȫϱڣɫصǧ
ΣܸܵǽɫСΪΣ̺֮żǿǧһгɣʱ򣬿ֻʧһ;

ԥ̫չٶȳǧжȥ
ʮɵľ룬ת˲һȭۣ֮ԻȪ
Ȫ֮ӰΣʱǧס
֮⻯ɵĻȪ֮·ҲǧȥȻڴʱǧȴһ˿֮ɫ
ƾһУסңΣ
ǧЦһŽɫ֮ϱʱ˶
ŽסĻȪ֮飬Ȼһɢ˫أʵ̫ˣ
ǧֳǽɫС۳ɵĽɫΣһֻԭһӰѾ˻Ȫ֮·ĸǷΧ
ٶѾܿˣǧٶҲ
˵ƴٶȵĻ˵ǲ˶٣ͬһġ
ʶһ£似ٻ
ǧЦһһ̧֣еĽɫΣʱƿأǰγһֳִ󽣵ĽɫӰ
似
һݣȻ似ֲܵŨĻϢ
似δǸܵǧһеƣͬ졣
ڴҲ֪ǴԴļ似űֻӵкεȿֲ
似һҪʶһ£
սһȥֻǧǰһֳִ󽣵ĽɫӰɣĽɫ֮ͫУɢϢ
֮ʣ
ǻңһĴ֮ʣ벻ǧȻ֮ٻ˳
˾
ٻٻ඼ǻʷϵǿڣĴڣÿһڴƹʷϻصһʡ
֮ʣͬˡ
У̤֮ʹ½ǰ˸ӹأ˭֪Ρ
֮ʵѾȥ꣬Ƿ񻹻Ŷ⡣
Σ֮ʵʵӹɡ
ʮĴ֮ʣԾ֮ˣ̤˺һĴ˵֮Ϊʹ½һ档
֮ʣ˵ǻֹǿĴˡ
Ҳڴ֮ʵĳ֣óڴƹ֮ã
ƣÿ¡
һҧܵǴ֮ʵĽɫӰϣһһΰĻƣ
ؾء
ǧʩչٻ൱Ҫһ˶Կؾصǿߣ
飬Ҫǻκһؾصޣ붼룬ȻڣȴǱս⡣
֮ʣΣ
ֳ־ǹк֡
֮жǿֻҪԸǧˡ
ǧʩչٻֻҪǧܣ֮ʣԻ᲻ƣ
磡
ɫĴ֮Ӱһ֣д󽣶ʱһᣬʱһɫâ磬ޱȿֲٶȼ۶
״һݡ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
һд磬ǳԽ鼶似û뵽ǧٻһνߣȻʩչǿ似
Ӳƴ
͵һ
ǧȻٻΪɱﵣô֮ʣӵмΪֲʵұǧѶԸ
ԻȪ
һȭƾպʱԾ֮ɻȪϱڣԼǰ̫չѸȥ
ɫĴ磬Ȼ˲佫Ȫϱն飬źͣ͵ĳϮ
ʵ̫ͣʩչȻԻȪۻȪϱڣֵס֮һС
ӣ϶Ҫˣ
벻ǧʮ꣬ٻٻ֮ʡ
츳ȵĳԼҪ£
д֮ʵĻڣǧؾصǿߣ࣡
ͬʱ˵ʱ̣俪ʼΪĵʱ̡
˭ϣĶǿߵսۿǿ߶սԼҲвٺô
ʱ˿̣ǧĶսòǳ
̫ˡ
Ϻˣ̫չʱ赽֮У·һͷޡ
İ裬˶ãֻǼʱ䣬úõĻҲΪƣ
ˣˣ
Ǽ鼶Ʒķʵ̫ˣ
Դ֮ʵĻ飬ѵֿ
˵ߣ˷ɵеϣ
֪Ψ̤˴˵˺һǿߣܹնеڣ鼶Ʒս̫Ȼˡ
նУ·һͷӥ
ˣʲôã
ǧһһ֣֮ʱ㰴һɫĽ磬ſеȻȥ
ɫҫȴӶ
۴
ǹᶨУһѪǹ⣬Űһ׻ֱǧ
ͬʱ̫ĶʱܿϮĽɫ硣
һǹǧ
֮ʵĻ̫ǿ֮ԿȻˣֻҪڿеֱӶǧ

ǧ״һ
ֱӹѵôɣ
ɫĻӿ򣬳źȻµٿȻϮȥ
ȭ
һ֣Ȼɿ˾ǹþǹֱֱӭ
ɣһ򣬶׼ǧһȭһȭ֮ٶȸ죬⻯Ȫ֮·ֻ˲䣡
ﵽ˳Ȼ֮ԻȪȪϱڽз乥Ǳ֮ǰǿ
ǧɫ䡣
û뵽̫սڿл


215 Ѷ
ûüӦڿĹƣǧʱȪ֮·֣ɲǼ㱻޷
ץסᣬ˿ûɫײľǹѸһȭǧ¡
֮˲ȭͷϣһȭȻǧѩ׵ţ
ǧûκη֮˱һȭɣٻ֮ʵĻ飬ʱҲһʱֹͣ˶
ֱһȭǧҷɣʹһع
ɱ
ǧ䣬¶׺֮ɫָӴ֮ʵĻ顣
֮ʵĻ飬һ˫ɫͫбâų۱ждѸٻ裬۳һɫ磬Ҫնɷ飡
Ȼһ̣һ̧֣ɵľǹС
ţ̫չĶΪһҺɫ⣬ѸٽǹǧĲӸǰ
ˣɡ
˵
ȻǧȴһԲΨһ˫ݶдŲ֮ɫ
ȻİܸһؾصСӣ
ɫâϮǧȻԼţҪնɱڽ䳡֮У
ס֣Ѿˣ
ڹսϯϣվԶĳһ
ǹǹǧϣֻҪһɥȪ£ǧȻˡ
ǣǧȴ䣬ô֮ʼƣ⣬Ȼ޳
𣿡
һЦûȫ˶ȣ˵ɱǧɱɱ
⻰һɫһ䡣

֮ǰĲУڻս׶б㱻ǧ˿ڵ¶ǧôãȻҲпܱ˶
ɣ
ٰһվҪϳȥ
Ȼܿ죬˳Ԥϵ鷢ˡ
Ȼ㲻䣬Ǿˡ
кâһ
Ȼ͸оˣԼһɶߣһɶرԻȫ飬޷񵱳Ĳһ
ڷţǹסǧӵʱǹɶ˲䱬
ȻӡȴͻȻȣһɶسѹȥʱ䣬Ѿɢ
Ҳ˵˶Ϊжˣȴδж
ǧ˫гݣΪѾ޷ΪˣŻû䣬ô֮ʼ
ɫâƿϮɱȻ
һһǹֱ£ֱ˵ǧѩ׵ļ˸ԴѪ˲Ⱦǹ⡣

ǧһ׼ûУʱʹ֮ɫ
أȻûЧ
ס֣
ӣסˣʱɫ䣬վ
ǧŮȻһֱǹߣȻҲǧڽ䳡ϱɱ
ȻûбӰƣǾ˵ڵлɱǧ
£ܲˣ
ৣৣৣ
ǧһĹؼʱ̣ü쵽µӰͬһʱ䳯ųбжȥ
һǹǧԼǽɫâʱһϮһƴؿϡ
ǧ˿̣һ֣һƽɣ˳ǧ
ۣ
һѪͬ߷ݵɳȥˤڵء
Ϊǧ˿ʹﵽһľ磬ʵٶضãֻһƣܽˣǱһ
һʼ̾͹עų׼˳֡
ٶûܸϵϣ
ٸ߸Ծ𣬳Ž䳡жȥʱ򣬳ȴǵһЦŽɫ۵˰ٵǰ
սѶ㻹ʲô
ζ˵
Ѷ
һҪʲôʲô
ȻǧʩչٻһͽնɱСһѣѾΪµꡣ
սǧʤ
⻰һȫ˶ʱȻ޳ܰոյ˭ˣնɱǧǿнǧߣ˳һƴ
Ȼ˵̾
ߵǷǺڰ׵ı£һһ쳤ˣ
ɫ
벻ô޳ܣȻ˵Ļô˵㲻˻ȥ
ƾ٣ټһŵ٣ܶԸ˳
߳ס˰٣ϵ̣ǧ֮ȴδͣ¶
̣Ȼ£ׯޣѪصⲽȥ
У͸һ˿Ϸʣһ˿ζһ˿ĿС
ǼĶӣھҵǰңʱҪ
һʮǰǣȴʥԺŮߵзߺԹƽϢ
ڣͱĶӣǰᣬʮԹޣ·𶼼һ
Ҫɱ
һϣޱȿֲ츳ɳȥĻ¾Ʋסˡ
ʿɶֹɡ
ⲽǰ֮ʱһϵ̾ϢԱ߹սϯϲ۵Ľ䴫˳
ţһŻ۵ߣŶ񣬳ųⲽ
һһߵĲз·ƮһѪζŵһȷѪζ
ϼһ
ɫһ䡣
Ȼϳ˭һμҲμĸףԶ
ͬʱԶĸףҲүү
үү
ǿվһߣֱ׼ȷĲµ˶Էݡ
үүԶǿ
ڵſԲ²١̡ԼҼӵؾڰصʵ
ӦǸո̤ؾھزá
ǰԶҲүүʹﵽؾھأֻһ̤Ǵ˵е˺һ磡
ǳԶĻҲԲԶĶ֡
˵ˡ
㣬뿪ơ
ԶУѹ˵
⻰뵽˲֮ǰԶ˶ĸ롣
뿪ƣ
ǣ䡭
˵
ɲģԭӦѹסǧ˿ǧ棬ȻΪĺǰ
û£
Զһͺȣ̧ͷڶһŲϵȻһ˫۾ȴǼᶨޱȡ
á
һ
֪֪ĻƾڵΪӰ쵽֡
ڣѾȷûκ塣
ȻˣԶ˵ģ뿪ƣ
ȥĶ˵⣬ʹ½ޱȹҵ֮أƯ
ҪȡѹڣҲ̾ͻЧġ
㹻ʱԼԼֱӵƾƵʵ
ԶڣҪ뿪ûܹ
Ȼ¶ģתҪ뿪䳡ʱһתȴһϤӰ

ڿУ
һ̧ͷһӢ£նУ⣬ӽ䳡֮˹
նУ˵˺һľ磡
һʱȫȫ


216 ½Һ
䣬ڶ֣ȫһۡ
ԭ˶Ϊѡսǧ˿ڣ֮µķƴܿǷ֣Ȼӵлǧ˿ڵʵ
Уʮȣ
սƾֲʵؾصǧƴղһȡǧ
һʵսʤˡ
Ȼүȴǵߵڰףǧʤһûܹ
һߴżɣϾȥһ֣ǧѡֻ֣Ҫѡһսƾ磬Ȼܹ׻ʤӶ
ʱǧ˿ڱǹھ
ó벻ǣһֻδоͷ벻ı仯
̣ȳ֣Ҫ
ڵİ٣Լ٣Ҫȣȴһסһж˿޾壡
Ҫֵʱǰڳ֡
үүԶۣ̤˽䳡̶ֹɱ֣ҷԸ뿪ƹ
˾úϷĻʱ򣬸𾪵ĳˡ
һӢ꣬ЯһŵɫȹŮȻնУӽ䳡֮˽
ˣˣˣ
˵һ̼
˵˺һǿߣȻǰҪ֪Щһӻδǿߣ
ҪǣӢ꿴ҲͲʮ꣬ȻѾﵽ˺һ֮⾿Ǻηʥ
˺һӢ꣬ȫɫӣ̷һ˫۾ͬǳ˸дŵζ
Ǽɫϣ̻һ޾Ǻͼǳƺ˸
֮һǺҶ֡
Умʶġ
ʹ½ߴǣÿһպգǴﵽ˺һˣ
ǵĴ˵ڴƹҲ˵Ϊˣһ۵Ӣնܿ˲²ݡ
ǺҶ֡
Ҳܿ²˶Էݣֻǣû뵽ԷȻôᡣ
ˡ
ڿǺҶֵɲǣԶɫһ
֪ˡ
죬º˵ء

У֮˵ȻͬڳС
һۼԼŮȻһܹնеӢһ𣬶ʱϲɫĸ׵ĴСڣȻûʧ
նУ˺һ磬˵֪߲ˡ
ƹǿĴڣ
ﵽ˺һľ磬Ҫ˵ʲôңξټңڣƹ󶥼ţҪ̫
Ȼʶһǿߣο
Ƿ糤裬һֱڱչأͻһ֮ڲδڳҪȻĻҲδػǺҶһ֡
ΪҪԸ
Сʲô
٣Ҷֵһ̣ͷ͵һһֲõԤС
кܲܣô˵ŵĵӣ
š
̧ͷһ٣ǴһĨЦһƺһšΪϾšںţʼնûҵλãȻˣҺβѰȥ
е˼ˣںţòصƽ⣡
ΪˣŻѰȥһߣҵǺҶ֡
λǣ
ٽĿͶǺҶ֡
Ȼʹ˶ѾµݣվҪȷһ¡
Ҷ֣մֻΪһ£ߡ
Ӣ꣬ǺҶ֣Ϲ͵ЦݣЯŷһڽ䳡뽵£˾Զ
նУӯ磡
˵⻰ҶһһĨȻ
⣬ȻΪ˶ԸҲ㲻ʲô
֮ǰǺҶǲļ£ͬڣҪΧɱȴɱ֪Ǽ֮ˡ
ΪˣǺҶ־Գ֣
ɱȹء
ԶŻۣһǰ
ȻǶ֣ԶҲĿɱ
ǰ㲻Ҷ֣ÿɡ
ǺҶ൱ò˵
ӱϿǺҶַǳòϤ˶֪ɱǲŽһݶ
ΪˣǺҶֲŻеǡ֮Уʹ½ߴǣһĺ֮
ۿųнһڳ˵ͬһʱ
ǺҶ֣Ȼɱģ
֪ƺǺŵķֻڵķȻǺŵĵˣǺҶֵˣ
ڷǺҶʲôϵ
ûܹ֪
ڹսϯϣܡ躮³֣һȺ˸ԽŵųС
Щ˵ĶԻһҲ֪ڵŷǳ״
٣סЩڵӣҲֻһˣ
£˭վȥͬһʡ
ھԵʵǰκ⡣
ǺҶԶÿʱһԵҵ˻ᡣ
ɱܾˣ
ոձԶסڣԶæŶԸǺҶ֣ûˣ
һĨ׹⣬ȴͻȻдĸ֣½Һڣ
½Һڣ
ƹĴ֮һ½ңҲؾڰصǿߡ
֮ǰ̺ʯʯµʱܹ½֮ӦΪһ¡
ڣҲ˸ǳʱˣ
һɨԶ½ڵĹսϯϣȻȴ֣ʱ˿̣½ҼԼ½֮һȺ½֮ˣû˿˼
СֵܣҴӦǣ½ܼ°㣬ڡˡ½Ϊ
½֮Ļվ˵һ䡣
˺һ磬֮һǺҶ֣½ĸҵﰡ
ʱվ
ֱ
ס̣
һ
½֮һ̣ɨһ۲ԶĳҡҡͷΪ
½ңȻ׼ڣ
½ҼͬҲؾڰصΪҪ˵ס̣˭ţ
޷Ǽɵ¶֮󣬳½ҵ鷳ˣ
ҪǣϾҪˣǺαһ˰£
ãܺá
кâ½ңҲʲôûɫ
µҲֻʩչɱˣȻûκΰգܹԴԸؾǺҶ֣
Ǻǣͷ˰㣿ҿϺͿ֮⣬ǲܻʲôվߵˡ
ЦһͫеӰƽɫЩĸо
ʱԶڱ˵һǿߵս
ٺ٣ڶһ֮ͬʱ֣̼ͷųͺǵĳȥ
ΣգǺҶ޷սʤĶ֣ٺ٣ȻһҪΪս
Ϊڵĵӣ
ţкƾ壬ҲȻ֡
Ѿߴ֣ںͳҲûʲôνˣ


217 ɽ֮
ɲǼ䣬˼սֲͻ򱬷ø֮ѸٳԶ룬±꼰㡣
٣ûһʱ䳯ڴжȥ
һ·Уһ·˪ֻһ˲ľһ룡
룡
̷ӦһȻٳ֣
Ůӣӵ֮ˣȴΪһ֣ɱҪ
žȻ
ɵһ㶡
ɴû»ʲôԼٳ֣⣬ٵĳ֣ȴδ뵽ġ
ΣΪϧ̣壬ض
һǺҶ÷˼һ֣ǻԣһֲ챮˲ӿ
Ǻ
ǺҶ֣ʱԵɺϵõһǺ챮Ӷ򣬲ƴӶ̤ؾɾǺ
ؾǿߣܹȫطҲΨдﵽؾ֮ˣܹΪķ
ͷ֮䣬ʵ̫ˡ
ܹ취ѹԱǿʮֹ˵Ϊ챮Ǻˡ
Ǻӿ˲佫һ۵ԶУâԶ˶ҫɫ
Ѫ
Զʾһͷ׳˶Ѫ˲ͷųﵽؾ۷ĿֲʵһӱһǻԶɢ˲١
Ȼؾؾʵ̫ˡ
Զؾ۷壬ʱ˿̣ҲȫǺҶֵĶ֡
ֻڼʱ䣬â㲻ϮԶѪ鳹ѹƣֻٹһͻᱻ׻
ȫˣڹ۲Ž䳡е
ۿ˺һǿ֣߳һۣ´κξʵһĻǼԶǺҶֳѹƵʱһ׷п
̫ǿˣѰޣ޷˺һǿߣжǿʵ
ввޣǺҶ֣ʹ½֮һȻڴƹҫǲƹ
ȻүʱȴֳѾٳѹƣٶѾѪˡ
ûҰǺҶ֣ӣ·֪ǺҶֻһ
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ɱܣ
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̣ԵøӲˣھֱ֮֮ʱ˫нʣ¾㵣⧲һƻؿڣ˳ȥˤڵء
ֻʱ˿̣ǵзѷͬʱ֮ס
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ؾǿߣ֮һǺҶ֣ȻһؾصСҪǴȥɨأ
Ҷǲں棬ȴں
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ĻԷΪʣѲɣ
䳡ȫˣҲԲµ˭
ĪһμĪɽ䣬ʳɽžӵˣ


218 
ֻҪ̤ؾǿߣʹ½ӵһ
ǺҶڵߴǣƹĪһμĪɽ䣬ɽž֮
ȴڣӲ׳ڳǰֵ䣬Ҫıƹĸ֣ĪɽһԿҲ
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һԸһЩ鷳ܹΪĪһǿѣ˵ͻóֶΪأ
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ȻĪɽ䣬ҪͻĪɽȥ׷ܵȴһܵ顣
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˭ỳɣһιʱƹĸ֣һη츲صı仯


219 ӿ
һ졣
̡٣˺һǿǺҶ֣һֲƣѡ
飬ͬ㴫˴ƹ֮ӣ֮Ҳ˶ꡣ
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ͬʱһȭ۾֮ԻȪ


 ʥѡ


221 һǹ
һȭάֵļΪء
ء
άԴѪЦݣѪɫɵ֯ΪһѪɫϣҪֵһȭ
Ȼû뵽ǣһȭӳûȾ֮ܳ˱㻻˸תȹȿڷжȥ
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άҲΪġ
ʵϣնʱѾ²⵽ԣĶȻԤϣ
ûҶ֣ҹάһֻ۱һֻۣڡ
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һݣҿûͬʱֵܣҪȻĻԿ϶ǶԷ˵Ķ֡
ڣΪǿֱһᡣ
ʣһˣвûôˡ
ںɽյĵط໥ǼΪΣյ飬п˫ڴˣΪ޹֮
ˣڶֵġ
˳ȣ
һһż˹˺
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ȪϱڵķȻǿҪ۾֮Ҳô׵ģٴٶ˵ԱȲһÿ졣
һ˳ȣΨӲӲˣ
ֻأȭ
һҧһֻأ΢һһŵţһȭԻȪ
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225 
꣡
һţ̺ʮĿֲһӽȭͷ飡
һȭ˽ϣ֮˲䱬ʴȫɫһӷ
ͬʱ󵹷ɳȥ˵һֶƴ˭˵øصĻȻˡ
ôˣֻȭͷˣֻҪһöҩúõܿȫָ
ˣȴ֮ȫòʹεĻΨ·һ
⣬⡭
һΧţڴɱĽʦ⺣ʱ˵
ôܣ
ؾصΪôܺ˶ƴһУ˸أ̫ˣ
⺣ΪһʦѾǼʶˣǴδ˵顣
ᣬˣǿ
⺣𾪹ԺӿֵıĿ־塣
ˣɽ̣ڣᱻ䲻͵Ϯأˣںƴˣ
ˣ˵ʱѾʧȥսȻȴȻӵмǿս
ʦ⺣ȻһؾأʵϣսȴѰؾ޶Ȳϣ˵Ტˡ
ʱ˿̣ɱȻ⺣Ҫŵˡ
ޱȵĺڡ
ֻɱһˣαô޵׷ɽĵطǽ첻飬еصزӦ
ڻǵĻֻҪ⺣ǸһһȺǿ
ֻϧڡ
⺣û뵽ɣ
һȭѵʹ࣬һЦؾصķȻؾصıڶˣ㣬Ǻθ룿
㣬⡣
⺣ŵòϺˣϹž֮ɫһصǣھ͵ˣ
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֮Ժͷ⺣˵ô࣬Ϊոպ˶ƴһȭѪЩҪһСʱһ¡
仰֮㿪ʼŷ⺣̤ȥҪԷ⺣ˡ

⺣ŵȥֱײһɣͣ
ʱһɫĽСӰ䲻Ǿ֮ܳһҧס˷⺣һֱۣԼٶȽߡ
Ǻ
һݣһȴǺȫŻɫƤëж֮伫Ѹ٣һɫ磬ŷ⺣ǰʧˡ
Ҫץ⺣ʲô
üͷ΢壬ûж룬ߵ˵ԣֱ˽˵ȻǸϣѵЯһǧöҡ
սûзֵ֣似ƺȭŷģҪսЯ
ҩ˭˵ҩ᲻ãǴϵģ
һǧöңʤޡ
ӽ˾Ŀռ䣬ȻѸͷɫ߷⺣ķǰȥ
ŵõͷɫζʲôζŵ˵㣬Ƣ
ѭɵζһ·ǰУܿɽȥ
뿪ãһάͼڣ˱ֵܼսĵطպüкüͷڽᡢ˵ʬ峢ߡ
޵ʬ壬ĳЩ˵ǲʳǵеԱգӶѸΪ
άͼڣûЩΪ޵ٶʵ̫ˣǲһ׷ϡ
ˣˡ
Ϲŵϧ֮ɫ
ֵܣڻǿ˵Ƕĸˣһֱʦ⺣ıڣ벻ȻںɽУҲ֪ʲô
⸽д򶷵ĺۼ
ά˵ŰӣѪ׺ݣʵ˼ϸ塣
üͷ΢壬˼¸ͻȻֹζǽСһս

һ㶣û뵽άıӾȻô
ˣǵĿ꣬Ҳһɧ꣬벻Ȼ벻
άгһЦǿɾɶˣֻҪѭ˵ζߣ߶ܲ
ϴιͷؾصĺ׷鵽ǵĳѨڣһΣҪһ򾡣
һСĽ޸࣬Ц˵
йıӣǲںɽôɵǰҪȻ类޳Ըˡ
⼸ޣҲ׷Ц
ĿͶֵϢãһ·źɽȸȥ
ȴ֪Զ֮ͣĪԼɫװİ׷Ů𰣡
һ·άһЩֶΣùάͼڶûܲ˸١
һ·˿Ī𰵹ûκΣգֱɽ֮ȻյĲͬ
㻹ǸŹάͼڵĶ飬ҲޱСĲУǺױ͵Ϯ
ǣҵˡ
ĪӢʼմЦݣ˴һĿҪ
ϡ㺬壬һ㵱ȻָҪҵһжһ˼Ȼָʵս
ȻĪ߳磬ĪĻԲֻҪʹɱﵣĪǶ֡
䳡Уֵ֮һ𺳳Ī
ΪˣĪҲŻһѣվ·ߣȻǷǳǰ;
ĪȻҲΪ˽ύġ
ֻϣиĻᣬһԺ¿ɾͺðˡ
Īţ漴΢΢һЦһ𣬼ŹάͼڵǰС
Ī似ӰΡ
һУĪҷǳ鼶Ʒ似һʩչͬӰһĿ󣬶Է
ĪܹӵĵλȨƣһ似ӰΣĪ
ʱ˿̣Īʩչһ似һ𣬶ôױάͼڷ֡
һˣ벶ȸں

ǰͷ֪Ȼвֹһˡ
֪Ī
ѭͷζܿһ꼫Ϊ޴Ĺǰһȥֻһ·кüʮļһ˽С
ͷɫƤëĺסһ֮С
ץʦ⺣ʲôֻеӦֱӽɱ߲Ŷԡ
üͷ΢壬˼⡣
ǻɫƤëĺӵؾصʵҪɱһ⺣׾١
ȴֻǽ⺣ߣڣ⺣ĲҽдȻûء
ͷҪʲô
˭
һԣ۲ʱͻȻһһ
æعͷȥȴٵͷȻϢĳһ˫鶯۾УŹŹ֮ɫ
ͷ꣬ȻúཻҲδô˻͵Ϯ·ûнǵˣ
ʱовͬѰ֮


226 
ͻ˼ʱ䣬֪λش
⻹ͷһμ޾Ȼᴫе⧲һʱ䲻֪ǷӦֻ
ֻɫƤëĺȻﵽؾصǿΪ˵Ҳսʤ
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룬ǲҪң
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޵Ϣ
ˣ
һ뵽鼶Ʒս̫
̫ԭֻ֮ΪӡԵʣ̫̫Ӷ˼ƷƷ
֮еǿޣʹ˫ɵս
У̺һЩͷʹԹЩԹʱܺĸ̺ܵżĲʡ
ڣ̫̫ģʶͬʱϣҲһ˿ʹϢ
Ҳ£һ߽սϵĳ̶Ȱɡ
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һʼʱ͹֮Ϲѣ˵ˡ
Ȼоӡڣ⼸ܴɵĿꡣ
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ʼ磬̫ͨȥܸңΪʲôֱ͵Ϯɱ𣿡
һƾҵʵɱ㣬ڶҪİ
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ҵˣץȥҵˡ
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ˡ
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Ի뷨Щޣʦ⺣Լ֪ƳĵҩʲôЧ
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ûжԥͷһ·߽޴֮У

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Ĳ壬Աͦġ
һ·ǰУٺ֮µĵ¶ѨдС
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ʦ⺣Ǳץ޵ĳѨУԼŵ˰ɣ
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һߴ·һ߶ʵ
ԭҲ֡
΢̣Щ⡣
׼ȡ֣޾Ͳˣ
ķӦȻЩˬҸ㣬ȡ֣ɱֺöˣң𣬾ͱʾҵƤëһ˳򣬶У
һһ־ͲµǻԿ
һ䡣
ڵǾ𣬺ͦȤģȻѾؾصΪ˼άȴǸСһ
⡭
һʱЩܷܿҧҧµҵô򲻹ҵģǴ򲻹ңҪǴùҵģҲòҵ

û˵ðСŭˣǿɾͲˡ
ţǸʦǰˡҵȴȥҵ
ıǰͷܿһѨС
Ȼ˱ôִʦ⺣ŽɫӣѾϵĵ̸˲ԵüǱ
⺣һʱ͵ɴۣȻţ
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227 ʹ
޳Ѩ⺣ᾪȣΪҲҲǺһץ׼͵ġ
ڷ⺣ȴɵĸһͷǰУ޲Ŀһ
⺣û˵ʲôֻǴۣת𣬼Ѩȥ
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֪ܿˡ
һĶѨֻȽϴĻ꣬Ϣ
ͨСֻԾʹ࣬ţ
лΡ
һֻëΪïܵĻ꣬ǳĸףһ˫۾Ϊһ㴫һҽ𡣡
𣬾ǳĸס
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Ҳ˵ڵҲ֪ʲôˡ
һߣһͷɫ΢ǳһĻ꣬ƻǳĸףڵ壬ǳ塣
ĺܸӦķڻӦֻ淨Ǿˡ
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죬ܵˣԼҲϡ
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ԭ޺һ໥ϣ໥ر޲֮رҡ
ʹ൱ǿһ壬˵ͳߵҰ
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˵ͷȻˣҸõʵǿ֮٣Ҳõȵ˺һľɡ
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228 β
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ڶԭڲԶؾػޣ׷ɫ棬άͼˣ

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רעһѨİУʱ׼֣

С𣬾ڴʱһɫ˳ȥͬʱͷųѨжų
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άǰһʱѪɫɵУһѪɫɵ㸡ֳѪϢӵѨ֮У
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鸡֣˲ǣȻһνάѪϢѹȥ
ȻǾβ飬ϡƷ֣ǽ׽
άһۼʱиˣƴѪɫɵҲ
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֮ԷͬʱȻ̫֮ܵϳ̶ȣƺ
Ϲͨ飬ϣ


234 ̫ʶ
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ʱ˿̣ĸ̫ܵеģʶһӱ
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235 ʥѡ
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𰣬İΣ൱ǣ
ֻϧβܹǰĵطˣȥģΨоһŬȥԼ硭


236 ղ
һһҹ֮ĪЯŹʹʬ壬ȳڴ
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ֻؾصĹʹʬ壬˲˵ļĽżٶȵ鼶Ʒս
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ֱһ֮ʦ⺣ûгֻ֣εʦ⺣Ѿˡ
иϢǣƺҲûܴӺɽȳӦҲͷˡ
ֹάڣӦҲ˺ɽУҪȻһ¶û֣ڽȺһСĲ

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ʱѾ뵽޵Ĺȣȵ
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ڲعԨĶѨ֮У֮ʴ£ղĳԱ¶ЩõӰ졣
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ղ壬ǳӣҲ൱ɻ
£ղ廹˼ȥһˣ
̫еʶղĲҲЩͷԡ
ôؾڰصĲʺʹôҲֻиŹˣԸоһ·ϲʺʹδʹȫɵñöࡣ
ΣģԹԸţҲȴǺأ
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УһһʹӰӳ
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ÿһֻĹʹؾصǿڣռУϰֻһĹʹ
һɼΪǿһȻڲܣ֪ʹ壬жôǿ
ԱȽҡĪ֮ļǿᣡ
ͷ
ռмžޱȣйʹĽƾʶʱ˿̣û֪Щʹ໥֮ڽʲô
֮ܶǲͣط¶һʱ䡣
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һЩϵͻȻԺУһȥȴ¿ռԱߣһʯš
ʯ֮һ̬Ĺʹ΢Ц֡
ò˵ʹȫë߹ʹ΢Цǳѿ
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Ǿүүȥɡ
ʺʹ漴һץסС𣬽𶪸ֻʹ
ҪģҵֻǴߣЩүү뵥̸̸
ʺʹȳ𱻴Զ֮ŵ͸㣬磬ʵ̫ˣϣղ壬ܾɳ
ͷһȴڲʺʹϣȻһͷ޵ʬ塣
ĸף
ͫʲô˼


237 ״ʦ
ҪᣬǱڲһɱ޹أֻǽ˻ˡ
ʺʹı飬㴫һ¡
ؾڰ޵ʬ壬У൱鼶ƷҩڵԼЧöڵ龫
Щֻãʣʺʹʬ壬Ҫڵ龫
ΪˣŻڸոսСߣϾĸס
ܸңǰҴʲô
۾ʶʵ
үүġ
ʺʹкʬӵУת뿪ˡ
źʬ壬ܵ滹һЩ¶ȣ뵽ոձߵС𡭡
ҡҡͷûж롣
ʬӽ˾Ŀռ֮ת˲ʯţ׼ȥʺʹүүˡ
߹ʹ˫һ𣬲ýˣԼ˫תŵ׹⣬һƻضǿ
ã࣬ҽпףղʦ֮һ
߹ʹԿ
ҽ
ԵĻشʵ϶Է϶֪ˡ
Ŀǰղƺûʲô⣬佻ܶ޶һЩ˽⣬ǴѧһЩصĶ˵
ɡ
߿ףת߽ʯ֮С
ϸ۲߹ʹףȫëŵ׹⣬ɼ׵ǳ̡
Щ׹⣬ƺȲ׷򣬵ȴҲ񼶵طɡ
ʹֽţԴֻ࣬ȫëһԳѣ֮Ҳǲ˶١
ףʯңȥʯҾȻǸ൱ªҡ
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ʵ
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յ׵֪ǶĳƺȻޡ
״ʦ֪ղǰʲôҪԸģ
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ܼ򵥣ǻܹڲ塣
׵
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Щͷ󣬲ʥѡʱ䣬㹻ʱȥ
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ѯʡ
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ڵҩղ嵹һλʦֻϧֻ޷õĵҩõĵҩΪ
׼
⵹Ԥ֮У֮ǰ𣬱˵ղһλǿʦҲʱ֪֮Ҳʦġ
໹ޣǷսһԭ̲̫ͬͬ
˼һ漴ѯʡ

׵ͷ
ҿɷݷһλʦ
ѯʡ
عԨôһƬ򣬲ҺˣӦŲҩɲݡ
ܹղʦ棬һЩ⣬ôԼƳһЩҩ
Ȼû⣬ɷΪҪ
׶΢ȤһЩ
ѧ
δԼ뷨
ҪҪеģɲ˭ġ
׹һЦȻЦ񣬲ȴҲóЦдŵѺѡ
룬ҿԣ㲻ɹղҲûʲôʧ𣿡
΢΢һЦ
Ǵұȥ´ʦ
׵˵ͷδٶ˵ʲôתƻ⣺ɷ㱳һۣ
һ˼˵ͷ㽫̫ȡݸ˿ס
̫Ǵգֻڱӡ̫ű̫
֣֣Щɫ·̺ĳЩܣֻϧҵ۹⣬Ȼа
׶϶ž壺벻ʦļգȻѾﵽ˳̶ȡ
Щɫľ·ʦȥģתһ룬ȴûж졣
սϣΣӹͨ飬ٵŻս֮вЩ΢ıʶ
׽֮󣬱ϣ׶Σһ㣬ѾܹȫӳսáһϲΣǱΪ˫
˫޺սϵ߾磡
˫ôս֮еʶͬһ֣㱻ƺΪ顱
ܹսеߣһǿߣ
ܹս뿪ˣҲӵʶˣᱯˣ־壬ޣЦ
սѾ޷ٵĳ֮Ϊսˡ
ղĲΪꡣ
ۣ̫˫ʶӦûٴѹʱ򣬱ܹʱ򣡡
ΪΣ
ɻ
Ϊоڣʹ֮һȺ߲壬
׼򵥵Ľһ䣬߳ʯңɣҴȥ´ʦ
´ʦǷſ˵ģղʦ


238 ֮
״ʦʯңӭĹʹ
Ϊһˣӵһɫ൱ᣬ͸һĨͲм
벿ʶϵǸޣ̫ˣؾصΪʧ
ɫĹʹĿһۣ漴Χɢ˿״ʦһԡ
Ϊ벿ʶ˫Ҳûʲôȥ£Ⱥ߲֡
ǣʦȻļһһǶ
ҲԴмĳ
ɨһۣû߷ŭֻǵһºҪսνʿ
һ
ɫĹʹ״סǬһ֪֪ߵغޣǹʹ֮Ĳ࣡
ǬҼסˣһºټ
Цһת״ʦ뿪ˡ
ڶԷƣܹ⣬ȴҲȻȻЩˬǬɫʹȻ˿ʿ
ؾصĲΰˣʹУֻҪ̫ģһ궼ӵؾصΪʲôõģ
ܱǸǲ˱Ƚ³çĪҪϡ
״ʦһߴ·һЩǸ
û£֪ҪǷңҾͱҪó㹻ʵ
۾
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ʵ
״ʦ΢΢һЦ˵С֣ڲļһǳ
ֻǽңҵ绹̫ˣԲŻҪѧϰ
ֵıȽǫ飬뵽ԭǲʺŮԹʹֽ𣬿ʹǺǵɫйء
ſ״ʦ뿪ɫĹʹǬಢûиֻվԭأ뿪ıӰ
Ǭ磬̫ˣһºѵѵ
Ҳ֪ʶΪʲôϿޣ̫˼ˡ
ǬۣĴö˵ʲôȵһºҵУҵҪʲô

ʵϣղ壬Ȼ״ʦ뿪
Ȼ״ʦͿģôĻͷԻȡһЩʩס
ܿ죬ſ״ʦһʯſڡ
ͨ״ʦ֪ʯ֮еˣݷˣ漴ʯűһԴ˿
ʯ֮ȥʹһŮԲʺʹ
һͬһߣȴһţͬ¡
ʹǺ´ʦˣҲղʦ
״ʦ˵ѧϰ
ĺһ̱Щɵѯʡ

״ʦ˰֣̫ܹͣѧӦܸǲкô
ҿԽܲѧᣬҾû취֤ˣϾ޺ķǲͬġ
´ʦȻһ˫ȴǼΪֻһۣͷ·Ҫˡ
Ͱɣˡ
״ʦתȥ漴뿪ʯҡ
ʣһˣһһŮԹʹЩΡ
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鷳ˡ
һ䡣
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תȥһʯҡ
֪ǲǴܾʺʹ𣬶ųУղУʹӦųаɣ
Ͼޣ
޵ʦȻ̲̫һԭȴһģһġ
¯һʼҲֳֻ֣ʦʹù¯Ѿ̺һЩȻͲܸˡ
֮Ҳһʹõ¯УʦôҲ¯Ƴõĵҩ
вҩҩԣΪľˮԡ
һʯ£ȻȡһЩ鼮ϵݴ
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ǰʲôף뵽ղȺУȴҲʦƺӷһЩ
Ƚ϶ԣ޵͸ȻһЩϣȻĲҩ
Ȼѧϰ޵ôҪıѧϰֲҩҩԣԼҩԷ롢ںϵԭˡ
ʦ˵һҪĻڣҪѧͱӲ̣
ȻܹĿҪһЩõҩԣҲѡ
ʹ½ҩΪľˮԣʦʦ˻֡
ҪҩԷ롢ںϣͱ˽˵ԭ㹻ʵС
һײݣƳʲô𣿡
ʯҵĳطȡһײݣȤѯʡ
򵥵ⶼ𲻳ô϶ǲʺѧϰģȰշ
ϾֻҪӵе֮ˣ϶Ŀײݵԡ
ľײԵЧһڽⶾҩ֮С
ײݣǱȽϤģھӡ£ҲĿײϸֳŨŨɫΣҩڵĹ۲µıʽ
ȷˡ
˵ͷ漴Щ֡
Կó϶ǲеĵģȻܿײݵѵǲȡʲôֶΣ
룬ȡһҩݣҩʲôԣ
һһʺɫСɢƢķ㣬էһƺ𣬵߶ӡȴС渲һҺɫΣл׺ɫ
һ̶ȵˮԡ
۾
ˡ
Щˣѵӵֶܹ۲ҩɣ
㽫仨еԺˮҩԷԣ
ǶʺɫСݸҩԣѾǳѧ߿յļˣȴô뿴ܲܶԲҩҩԽз룡


239 ׹Ԩ
ܷҩҩԣôʣܹΪʦġ
ӹǶʺɫСüͷ΢΢һ塣
˵ϰҩʱ򣬰еĶҩԷĲ
Ǿ԰ɣ
⣬漴߶ӡǶʺɫСǣ漴Թ۲쵽ԡˮԵҩԽз룡
һּΪϸĲһСķʧܡ
ԭֻ뿴ûжҩԽзڷĳɫ񣬲ûʲôϵϾֻǸѧߡ
Ǻܿ죬ۣΪ֣ԲҩҩԵĲٿؾȻ侫׼Ҫϸ΢
ûãʺɫСԺˮҩԣͶ˳

Щţ޶ԲҩҩԵĲٿأȻԼǿ
ʵǰɲţ
ԳˣĲϣԼ׼ҿԸ㿴һЩ޷õĵҩ֤ͬࡣ
ǲƽʱռĲҩģҪϣԼȥҩȥ
ţһЩ
ŭ㣬鼶ƷҩƲϣѬݡŭ黨һ꣬һö
ܿ췢֣ĵУŭƷߵĵҩˡ
鼶Ʒķŭ㣿
𿴼ͣһЦһŸտʼѧ鼶Ʒҩ̫쿪ˣҿ㻹һЩҩȽϺá
ţԼעġˣҪ뿪ȥɼҩĻǲҪȥҿ״ʦ
û˵ģֻǴѯʡ
ǵģΪ˱İȫ״ʦӦûǲˣһȥ
˵
ϰȫô
Դǲŵģͬһ𣬶뻹Ϊ˼ˣ
ҲνӣȥɼһЩҩˣҲᱩ¶ʲôܣҲûʲôҪܵͷ
ѧϰǲģȻһ쵽Ϊ飬ָоͦʵġ

ڶ죬Сٴ档
ǵȷûʲôƽֻЩ²ߣϾڵ嶼ˣĵﶼ˹ڲ֮С
ǳȥɼһЩҩƵҩ
С׼뿪ղľۼأȥһ˵
״ʦȻһؾڰصĹʹһȥ˵ǱİȫʵϾǼ١
״ʦŵģȻǺ
Ϊﵽؾڰأ;ָܶһЩ֪ʶ״ʦԼźܰ
ν˭ŶǸţǺԴЩˬ
һرǡ
״ʦİţҲòڲϣΪѵĴӦˡ
ͻʱһСſϣȻɣһ뿪ղۼɽڶѨ
عԨɽڶѨ֮⣬ϾëȻ硣
⸽һ޻ͷƬ֣ǲɼҩҪԴ
һ߷ţһ߽ܣܿɵ˲عԨϵС
ٽعԨ嶼͸һɭϢУоġ
ĵط˼òҩôױ˸ɼ
ɼҩݣҲһҪԵĻ൱
ղһЩ꣬ͬһʲô¶ŸɾΪڹʹ˵һġŮ
ֻϧ˵ȫëĹʹʵûʲôÿģǺһԲʺɫȷǺƯ
˽һʱ䣬һ˶дУڲɼʮ겻ͬĲҩбƷŭֲҩѬݡŭ黨
Щʹ⸽ܲɼϵģҪȻҲûá
㻹Ʒŭ㣬Ըܳɹ
Դ൱ˬƷŭ㣬ֱ˷ҩҪ֪ͬһ죬˷ѵĿʱ䣡
ֻԡ
ʼ磬Ȼ֤ԼͷһƵҩɹͷһƵľ鼶Ʒҩ
Ҳ֪ɹʲߣһιͻоˣֱܹϣʱɾͺðˡ
Ϧ£һ˶һڹ;
ÿعԨϿգëȻĸоԨȥֻܼһƬɫƲ㣬͸Ϣڵߣ޷Ԩ·Щʲô
Ȼ䣬һʹӰɽ¼ٷڣ

ֻЩȵűһ·ϮĿȻ
ʲô
ƺЩܻû뵽ԷȻһͶ
Ȫϱڣ
һʱ䷴Ӧһ֣Ծ֮ǰ۳Ȫϱڣ
ͬʱһ۳ŶԷӰȥȴһһͬһĹʹӦýΪȻﵽؾھأ
ӣ⽣ӦҲղĳԱֻǲ֪ΪλͻϮ
ޣ
Щ˿ûƹ˺˲䴩͸ĻȪϱڡ
ؾھصǿڣڵ֮⣬Ȫϱ˲㱻׻顣
ţϮ
ƾٶȣֻؼʱ̶㿪ؿҪȻȴ̫ϰԼһ̫
ǵޱĽԱߴһն˰̫
ã
ɫ䡣
ֻƾϵ̫Уڣ̫ȻǽĹʹһն˰ߣ
оԼ˲ʧȥƽ⣬˳ŲعԨ׹ȥ

Ȼû뵽æҪϣס
ȻؾھصĽȴǽס·ǲعԨǿ״ʦͺ´ʦŮ򲻿ǰðա
֪֪ޣȴǲʶϣ״ʦͺ´ʦԶ

ȻһЩų⣬٣ֵأ
״ʦͺ´ʦǱߣԻ
޳ܵ˵УŰ⡣
Ȼںǳϲ
ڽΥʦ֮Ȼ֣ԭΪޣΪͺߵý
ߡ
𿴴˽뷨һ˸һ˿øС
ͷֻعԨɫţﻹܼӰ
գֻܾȫץסǱնİ̫
Ը״ʦԭ
Խ˵һ䣬ɣղ巽˻ȥ
׹عԨܹĿԼΪ㣬ԴˣԼղ֮˶ǳš
ղ廨˴󹦷򣬲ץһȻˣ
Ҳ͵ղķճֽ̣Ӻܳһʱˣңңڡ
ڽصղ֮󣬻ʲôĴͺ޹ˡ
ڵʧȥ˰̫Ҳʧȥ˷ŲعԨѸ׹ȥ
Сſϣץ·ܿһ׹ǲĻɫУһëȻɭϢ˲佫߰Χ


240 ֮
عԨ˵Զ֮ǰ޴սĳ޺ޣУ²֮
Щ֮Ƕ޻˵Ĵڣһ֮ʴҩɾȣ·һ
Сһ׹˲عԨ˲䱻֮Χ
ӡȻ߶һ֮˻Ȫϱڣ赲֮ʴСҲһ𱣻ˡ
óЩ֮ȻǿᣬȻ֮ǰ޼Ĺ۷򣬱֮Ŀסˡ
ֻǣعԨгֶܹ֮û˵
ˡ
Сŵûһ£ղ˵һ׹عԨؾھصǿߣֻ֧Ųһʱʱ䣡
ԣɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
Ȼܹ֮Щ֮ʵ̫ˣһʱʱ䶼ֲˣ
һһѸ׹䣬ûã׹䵽˲عԨĵײĻҰҳһӡ
ΪȻǴôߵĵط׹Ҳòзϡ
عԨҲǷǳߣҲȴ֮ûдﵽؾĻܷɵĹʹ¶޷˵ء
Ʋ⣬漴ΧɨһۣȴΧһƬҰ׵֮޷ۼκζ
Сģ
СͻȻſϣβ˲ͷţһ糯ǰϮ˳ȥ
Ѿʶ顣
Ҳ̷֣С𹥻Ǹ򣬾ȻһƮŵĻɫӰڳƮΪ졣
ûЩ֮ͬȽϿƣСһ㽫ǻɫӰУʹҷ
ȻţȥȴعԨײΧȻϳ飬ЩεģҲиָ״ġ
Ǵ˵ģطԭ޺޽սĳ̫飬´Ũ֮
飬С𣬰Χ˹ëȻ
ЩȻûʲôȴӵкǿ͸Ǵϣ»챻֮ʴ
ʱ˿̣ҲֻСĳ磬Щˡ
ȫάŻȪϱڣвͣ˼š
ѵֻеˣ
ȻԸ
ʥѡûвμӣҪҵͱ䣬ҪصƹԸ
ֻǣʵ벻ڻʲô취ӳ죡
ΪԵģһӵʵĶ֣ͷų֮ҲãʩչűҲã޼¡
Ȼ䣬һΪϸ΢Ľ֮һ򴫵С
𣿡
ɫ΢䣬С𴫳
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ͷһߵһ˫۾У˶Է硣
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ڣȻ֮ײ׹˲عԨߴ֮ף


241 Ѫ
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ߴǣʹ½ܾǰеĳƺˣǽ½ؾǿߣųһ
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һ䣬쾧ķмһˡ
ƿǧ
עǼˣҪ뿪ʹ½Ҫƿǧʲô
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似ȸ֮衣
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ϼһôû˿ȸģ
Ǽ˵似ҪѧѧѧҲ㡣
һ
ѧ
һ֣Լľġ


242 ȸ֮
Ȼ֪еġˡ˭Ȼ似ѧȻŹᡣ
似ͷ鼶似һΪƷ֮⻹гƷͼƷ
һ˵һߴ߶ڱ̺湴ճһһ棬ˮʣܿγһֻȸͼ
һֻڵķˣǷڿУգ
Ĵ߶ֻڷˣҲȸڱˮ滺趯⵱Ȼڸʾ似ȸ֮衱ˡ
似ȸ֮裬ƷƷֻҪܹѧһУڶʱ̤նУͬȸһ㡣
Ľͣ൱ڴ
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ȸ֮裬˾ǸֲץϺͳһʳãӵҲ൱С
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շɵһҰУȻ쵽һ˿ףûüӦһ籩Ϯ˹͸ŵϢУ


243 籩
عԨײȸ֮裬ʱȥѾȸ֮һЩؼ֮ˡ
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ʱ֣λں׵̧ͷһ˫ۣ籩ֿʼˡ
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˵ɡ
˵ͷѾּۻ۵׼
ͷӱںףȻҪף˭


244 ˮ似
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һ似һϰѧ᲻õ似ȸ֮裬ۺʵԼٶš
ѧЩ似ܲʩչӡ似ǾͲҪʩչˣ̫ʶʵļ¡
ţκ˶δ֪ĿܶԼΣյĴڣȻȻĲ־塣
Ҳ⡣
ƾղ̫ʶʵ̫ǿһİնûУ
似ʱ򣬹ʹڻҹ֮˹ԼȻû뵽ԼѹĻᡣ
һۣһˮһֻɫƤëСⲻ֮ǰֻô
оɢһ㣬˺صˣǱʲôʴ˾һ
֮ô
뵽
̧ͷһ۾ͼԶһµޣʲô似ӡ

ң
һţһվ
ˣһΪѲˡ
Ǳ߶̫ͨһȥ
ң

˵أ
ÿɷ񣬲δôԹԵ似һˮּ۳
似
һ۾Ϳˣɫ΢䡣
û뵽׹عԨȻûûƺõʲôĳ似
ʱĿڳűˮ֮ȥһ˱ӡסڵߡ
ǣ
̲סѯʡ
һλ޵ǰ似ҵġ
ش漴ʵˣоԼܷܵĻǾ͸Ͻ뿪ɣ籩Ѿֹͣˡ
΢΢һ㶣漴ȥġ
ȥ
ۣȥȥղ壿
֮ǰҺܱǸֻҲû뵽顭
дǸ⣺Ҵ״ʦͺ´ʦصղ壬⣬Ҫлҡ
ΪңԲű籩ģ
ڴſȷˣЩơ
̫ղ岿ʶҲѾһµʶǴǰղ岿ˣ
״ʦͺ´ʦôҪȥ
ȸңǽôˣǺúõĻ룬ҲûҪȥˡ

ڵѧƷ似ȸ֮裬̫ѾȫԭֻҪĻʱ뿪
ƾһ𣬾׷
ΪˣͲȥղ壬˵״ʦͺ´ʦΪһ࣬ջȺУվ˲ˬ
״ʦѾ˽µĽգҿԸ㱣֤鷢ˡ
Ϊϡ
ֻϧŴǽ½գˣ
ҵڿ״ʦУ½յ顣
ĴȻˣҲ޷֤ٶְɣϾޣȴޡ
С꣬߰ɡ
кһ
С˼ǳףʱϹԹԵſš
ǰ⸽һʹ޲壬Ϊ˷ֹ׷ɱҵˡ
ˮףǸ˵
ǸĲҪһ뿪Ǿ˺𣬵类ܻᴫȥ
޷ȥɡ
絭һЦСеģ֪¶ҵλã㵹ǲصϷһȺޣκβϷ򡣡
Ҿ͸ˡ
˵꣬ʱʩչȸ֮裬һԾ޴չϿѸٷ
һʱȻ
ԣ֪ںǣڲͣĴǸͽʲô
ֻϧЩȥᣡ
ʹĹڲ壬ҲҪԸϣֻȴΪղ塣
ֻСĸױ
ȵӵ㹻ǿʵ֮󣬻𡢿״ʦ´ʦǼɣȴ϶ڡ
ˮ似Ѿȫģص֮󣬳Ҹˮĵط似Ƕ˵Ҫ顣
Ȼ֮ǰδǲժӫˮݡ
ҩݣֵǳ󣬼ԼóȥҲʮöˣǾܻõĵҩˡ
ȻԴż
ոؾصľ磬ؾصδգż硣
ȻҪҲҪ̫Ļȹ̣ԽɺܴӰ졣
ƺ¶˾ģһߣ̱ҲԼٶ׷˹


245 Ŀɳ
Ÿշһչʺ׷
̫ߣ
ʩչȸ֮似ͬʱ߶̫˻һɫ⣬ѸٳŲعԨϷ
ͬʱԻȪϱڱԼС𣬴ӶΧ̫֮
ۺȻԭڷеĹʹޣ˳ٶȴ첻
ټһ·ʼ֮ܵ谭ԭͲٶȱøˡ
׼ȥ𣿡
Сſϣʵ
ţҸˮĵطҪȽˮ似ɹ

Сûж˵ʲôѾҪȸΪ޴ȥ
Ҫںɽн齨齨Σڲ϶Źһ齨Ļġ
ڵڶΨзɢֱӵܺ͹ڲԿʱһμһ
ؾھء
ԼĿǳ֮⣬ӦûսĻᣬս
ûлͷҲܸоɣ󣬲ȴԽԽԶ
ֱϴܳһƬҰ׵뿪˲عԨķΧòůůġ
УȴڷعԨʱһһ˿⡣
쿴ȻǸޣ
Ǭ磬ҵСӣô죿
ؾصĹʹȻͳھԶУڵѰʲô
һɫĹʹ꣬Ȼ֮ǰղƹǬ
Ǭһɱһ
Ȼɱ
ǬҲ룬೯˹
˫ܽܶÿˣΨӭս
ɧǣȽһɱˡ
ԼĴ㴫˳
ϲǵһˣʱβӱи֣һ糯ŷǬ˺ȻϮȥ
СҶǹʹ֣ǲ
Ǭ࣬ûЩ磬ʩչֶΣ㽫ֵסˡ
Ǭȫû𣬾ֱɱ
ɱ
Ǭɱ֣漴һɫͬɵһ㣬ƿնȻһͰɱ
Ȫϱڣ
һ֣֮۳˲ֵĸǰ
ɫɱ˻Ȫϱϣûñ㽫Ȫϱڻ飬ֻϧôһʱڣѾץס˻ᣬתλá
ȸ֮裬Ӷᣡ
һ˸ȥǬ಻Զ
֣ɱԽأʩչȸ֮ٶȾԽ죬ֻԽࡣ
似ȸ֮ģ൱ģӲعԨײɵڣѾһˡ
սپ
ȭԻȪ
һȭӲǬ뷴ӦȴԼãȻһӰεĴڸסˡ
Ȫ֮飡
һȭʱۣ֮γһȪ֮·ǬУ
ֻأ
¶ԷʲôǿķֶΣһֻغǬΪؾء
ס֣
ʱ·ĺڷһۿںǬս
Ҫɱңһ֣
ЦһʱһȭֱǬţ֮˲䴩͸ʹ˲
ĹʹǬûڿеۿžҪ׹䣬һѽץסһɾߡ
Ǭĸ࣬û뵽ǬһͱɱˣʱĿɿڴ
ڶԸЩأò׽ЩȫˣǬȴɱˣҾʬ嶼ߣ
վס
״ŭ
ԭͶûʲôøУֻǰڿ״ʦΪղ棬ŸԸһ
ۼɱղˣȻޱȷŭ
ָоͺһһͷǣͷȥҧˣȻͷǻûҧˣͰ˵ļҧһ
ں飬ͺһģһ
ֻǰѽһǡ
漴ûκͣǬʬ壬㳯ԶԽԽԶ
ղڵĴȹʹӦò׷ȻһڲĿˣǿɾֻ·һˡ
һ֮ڵñ
ɱǬʲô֮ϾǬɱȣŨɱƭĸ֪
ң֮ǰδʲôղ飬ղĽͶӳһ
һն̫ǸպòعԨиˮлŸͷӣˡ
ǲƴѰҲ˺һⷽ˵˫ǳƽ˵ġ
֮ܶ
׷𣿡
Ǭĸ֪Ǻá
Ȼһǲûʲô¡ǻȥ״ʦ׷ȥ
ɫ
ǣ׷ȥĻһڲ巢֡
һЩԥ
׷ĻǬĳôˣ
һ䡣
ȥ
æɽ·ȥ׼ȥ֪ͨղˡ

û뵽Ȼֱ׷
Ǭʬ壬ٶȽ˲٣һƬ֣Ѹ·ȥ
֮еʱźһʱ֮䶪ʧҰǬʬ嶪˾Ŀռ䡣
һؾصĹʹʬ壬ֵƣɲᱩӵ˷ѡ
ţִзٴγںǰʱеǬʬѾˡ
֮ΪþĿռĴڣղ֪
Ǭʬӵȥˣ
״ʱɫˣٶ׷
ƾؾڰصΪһ׷ͱضֻ־ܣ
Ȼȴȫû뵽ֻ׹䵽عԨһµʱ䣬ѧһо˵似ٶȱñ죡
һǰҪٶȣǿϵġ
ûôͶˣ㻹ȥʬҵȥ
һ߼ӿٶȣһߴúͷ׷ŵĺŭ
ֻץסģȥˣǬʬ壬ץסȥҲ٣
ܿ죬ͽյϢղǿѾؾھص۷ǿߣԼٶ׷
רĸǽš
״ĵѸȫָٶ˺ü
ͬʱڵȸܿɢˣֻʣһ̫ڴǰ
ȻģٶҲ˽
뿪ʵŲסˣٲͣһȸ֮Ļܿͻᱻ׷ϡ
ٶɴϲµĹˡ
׷
һ·һʺ磬񷣬ľԽԽ
ں֮󣬸ղʹڳ׷ɱ


246 ų
ſڼϵСѸٳԶ롣
Ψ̫λ˲֪ԼǰеķǷٷ֮ȷԷɣı߶ûʲô
㲻ɽȣҲ뿪ȡ
ô׷ˣĺް
оڶʹɱΪп
ղ壬ǰûһԴҪģ˫ϵܺһ
ڣֻɱղһǬ㽫Ϊ˴С
ǽһն̫׹˲عԨҲֻǱ½ա
ղУǿ״ʦûа˿ǰһ߰ˣ
ƽˬıǱ˵á
Ҫˣס
һ£漴ȸ֮似һʩչ˷·һֻڷˣ֮Ϸɹ
ٵϵȺзɹ׷̧ͷ
ţ׷ŵڶʹ
Щʹĸģ
ڶţ
Ҫ֪֮ϢǼΪͨģĿıǹʹķˡ
֮ĶԹԹԼڲųϢҵղཱܸ֮ܶ
ΪˣղԱźͷ֣ΪľǷֹȺӶͨ籨Ÿڲ塣
һΣȴһҪ׷
ؾأȻڷٶȺܿ죬ľʱֻҪץס֮·صعԨ㲻ᱻȺ֮
׷
һ·ӣһʱڼһƬ಻ƵɽȺǰ
һʱڣһֻƾ̫Уһʩչȸ֮似ʼձźͺͷһȺʹľ롣
ҲڿҪĹˣ
һֹͣʩչȸ֮裬ôٶȿ϶ͻʹ׷ϣˣľҲֻܾȫǰš
ǰƬƵɽԽԽ𽥵ĿϰѩȽơ
𣬿ˡ
ҪɽʱС𴫳
š
˵ͷ漴תȥһȺʹʱͷų˾β飬һ磬˲䱬ɢ
ʱ䣬һȺʹбʧȥӰ
һ磬ΣѸٷѩɽƲ֮У
һ󺮷紵֪ԼѾƬѩɽɽ֮УֻҪԽѩɽѾ뿪
ֹͣʩչȸ֮裬ȡٶȻָͬʱ߶̫ǰɡ
ֻǣԴɱǬ̫֮ƺͳ⡣
ԭ̫ϣȥ̫̫ԶС
ڣ̫ƺϳ̶ͣ˵ǶֻϧⲿֲӡӲѹ
Ȼƾ̫УֻеʱԽã͸о̫ķԽء
ѵɱˣúܲˬ
ơ
ȻھӡǿӲѹ£̫û˿̵ĻᣬҲ̫ǿ϶л˫ˡ
˫սϵ߾硣
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Ȼղ彫һߣôҲ̫ǹߺˣоӡڣ̫ôҲܲҲ˿
ѩѩɽɽУѸٴڸѩ֮䣬ܿ㲻ȺʹӰ
֪ǿ϶ڽ׷ᡣ
Ⱥ׷ĹʹÿһؾھصΪһκһ׷ϣֻ־ܵķݡ
ȥжҪ
ѩɽдУδһ·ǰᴩѩɽѩɽһ·
ȺʹôҲ벻ѩɽ֮󣬾Ȼûһʱᴩѩɽ뿪ķΧѩɽȥˡ
һѩɽͷ׷ȥ벻ԽԽԶ
磬Ʋ߶̫ˡ
С𣬶һӱ൱ݡ
ֻϧʲôļƲߣյеġ硱һʣʱЩЦá
һֻС磬ĺ
Ⱥʹ̫ˣǻǲܵģֻҪû뿪ȣǾȻΣ֮С
Ÿı䷽򣬳ѩɽһߺᴩȥ
һƬĴԭСǰ
ǻΧش
ۣʮ֮ͣǰһֱ壬ڻҲںɽȣûΧء
ţǡ
˵ͷȥһƬƣвԭﻹڻڵĻȥϢˡ
ֻϧȫݽߣ뾡صȲС
ǻصǣҲܱȱղĹʹץסúã
һ·УܿᴩһĴԭٹʱܻصˡ
Ҳڳ׻ָˡ
Ҳʱ𽥳˺üڵ㣬ȺʹȻڽ׷ᣬȻһ·׷
ȸ֮裬
ʩչƷ似ֻǳѧ׶ΣȴҲٶȣԶԶЩؾھصĹʹ
ɫ˫չٶȼ˲仮񷡣
ԶüֻʹѸ׷ȴٶֱȲˣ⼸ʱĵ飬ȻָĲˣ
ǲδ
ȻǳûлᣬҪȻǾͲŹ
ⲢΪɱǬˣҪԭǣ̫ղȥһ̡
û̫ҲеĲʶһȺ߲Բղ϶Կڲ壡
һ·ɣܿΧһƬɽ
ȵڴУЩң÷ûߴҪȻ¾鷳ˡ
ûڴЩޣֱӴϿշɹˡ
ڻصȣ
ȻͷһȴǼֻʹȻٶ׷üͷ΢塣
׷Ȼֻˡ
ţǰһΣڼƺΰĻǳǰ
ڻ޵ĿУֹͣȸ֮裬̫һ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ǵĽޣԳʮ
һӴ֣ûؾھصǿߣҲһɼǿսԲֻʹܶԿġ
ۿڣǼֻʹԶǻãЩʵȥ
ĳУǲܽץ˵ˣ
һΣˡ
ȴ֪ԼǲųڣѨ
ȻղЩʹץסǵĽޣֺγʬΣ
رǣɱ˳Աͷǵʦ⺣ʧ٣
ڣǾ⺣һʱͷǣҲոʽʦ⺣ʧ٣ǳʱ
ץס
ǽϣһؾصسǽ죬һʱָӸʿΧɱ


247 
ؾصسǽ죬Ѿǻһǿˡ
ǣڶһİͳţᣬ˰ؾڰ֮⣬ֻؾصǿ߽и
سǽؽάһˣְǸųǽԽŵĽȡ·ѵȵȡ
ؽάһ£ʱΧʮ޳йΧס
ؽάǲ˿⡣
һɫսףֳһѳԶ֣
ת⣡
ؽάһ֣ȻüתųϮ
ΪǷģˣһʱʩչǿ似⼸Χͷüܡ
Ȼ֪ôܹУô£
ؽά⼸ת⣬ûʲôϵСѾ۳ǽ
ӣγһǽһӽǼת⵲ס
СҲؾصΪؽάĵ⣬ûбҪ£
ޣ
ؽάע⵽ϵС꣬ɫһ䡣
ȻһͷؾصĻޣڰս
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ؽάһߣгٶȲӳü⣬⼸⣬ٶȸ죬Ƹ
ҵµؾޣҲѾˣ
ؽάϮɱȻ
Сһļ۳ؽάԿ
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½֮˸кһڻʳǣ½Ҳ㣬ֻؾǿߣ½Ҿ֣Ҳﲻʲôæ
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á
½֮˵
СԼٶȱУܿ죬Ҫ½֮
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ͷˣ½ҵıߣѵڶβɣ
ͻȻϮȴ˿ûлš
෴΢΢̣Ƶóʱı顣



248 ֮
ѹû뵽½֮Լһ½֮ˡ
ԭ룬½֮һ£ô´λصƹͲȥ½ҵ鷳ˡ
ϣ½֮һܽ壬ʵǰͻὫӵһߵαӣ
Ȼ㲻飬ԸңǾ͸·ɡ
½֮½ǿߵϮӦԵ׼һȪϱ˲֣½̺֮ʯϵһȭ׵ס
½֮һȭУ̺ո򲻾õʯϷһȭȥܹ׻һʯ
Ȼڣһȭȴɵס
ʲô
½֮״ɫһ䡣
ԶδӳǽһĻ֪ʵѾʲôĵز
ʱһȭȻ׾ٵĵסһ㶡
뵱ŸռʱСӲŸ̤ؾãȻŶ೤ʱ䣬ȻѾɳ˺½֮Կĳ̶ˣ
ʱܻǧѾܾˣվеȡɵĳɷ֣ϾǱܿǧǿٻ֮ʻ顣
ڣ½֮ͻȻ͵Ϯ
ͻȻ͵Ϯ޷һ˿һĻţɼڵʵͳ
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һȭ۾֮½֮Ӷ
ֻأ
ֻ֮ܶ˲½֮䵽ؾصĲΣ⣬ҲǺһģһĲΡ
һȭԻȪ۾ֱ֮
ʯϣ
½֮ʩչ似ֻüͬһȭ̺Ϊ򵽵񼶷ʯϡ
˫ȭͷײһ
ûκε½֮һȭֱӺɣˤ˵ϣҷ½Ҵһֻҵĵڵء
ͬʱ½֮ȫѾ֮ʴܼʱõƲҲԻܵˣʵ󽵡
磡
ϵС𣬲δ½ע⵽
֪˳½֮˲ŷ֣ϾȻһͷؾʵޣ
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Ѹӿȥ½ҵȫˣƣֻҪһЩȫΪҽ
½֮䣬ǳ׽˳Թ
ԭΪǿʯĽף½Һпߵһֻϧ½ִ֮ٳǴνףȴ˺Ľ顣
ߡ
ۿŻ׷˿Ҫ׷ˣСѸٳ롣
ܣ
ֺӵٶ죬žԾһŵĻѸ׷
һ׷
ȻͷһֺӹŰӣ׳˶ޱȣֳѴͷһ߱Уһ˫նü⣬Ϯ˹
ңɱ
ȥűһڵķչֱӷɵ˿С
һٶ׾ٵĶ㿪˸ֺӵǼնҺҪܵӡ
ܣ
ֺӲһЦ͸Ѫɫһ˫ͷѾ͵ӡ
ܴҸֺӵ˫ܵˣûУ㡪˫
䣬ֻ˫ͷʱһתɫ΢䡣
ֺӣһ˫ͷȻѾֲоʵؽάҪǿһЩ
һܱ˳ΪԲ˵
Ըֺӵһ˫ֵϾ֪һʲôƷʽ֪
һȪϱڵֵסǿɾ͵ùˡ
ȸ֮裡̫
˫չһͷɫķˣŸ߿֮ڶ𣬶תŵĸͷ󣬽׷ᡣ
籩
ҲʱСҵᣬŸֺһڳ籩ҪԸʧȥ˫ֺӡ
飡
ֺӣδţһ̣һ˫ͷʵͷųȻҲС
˫֣ʱһ𱩷ֵס޷˺ֺӷֺ
β飡
Сһҧβ֣ţͬʱۣŸֺϮȥ
˫磡
ֺӲδԴУ˫Ծ裬γһ磡
磬Ȼ˲㱻һɢˣ޷ֺӡ
ޡǿ
Сһ
ȻֺӺͬؾصľ磬ʵȴҪǿ̫࣬ؼԭ似ϡ
ޣҲܹѧֻǻӵеƷҲͺеĲࡣ
ǻ绹ǻ籩ֻ鼶Ʒˡ
ֺʩչĸս似ȴ鼶Ʒģ
֮УѸڶ𣬸ֺһ˫ͷȴǽ׷ᡣ
㲻ֻӲƴˣ
ͷһݣһȭֻغֻ֮һ˫ͷ֡
ֻ֮Ӱ֮£һ˫ͷһӱ˲٣һ̧֣۳һȪϱڡ
ˣ
һ̣˫иڻȪϱϣʱȪϱն飬ȪϱڵķҲֵס˫ǰơ
£
ԼٶȳŵϽȥ
ԶԶǼֻؾھصĹʹովҪ׷ɱ䵽˵ϣǴͷ
ʼ޷÷еİ취طֻڵϱС
һԶȺЩʹ˵ǻɥĲ׷
鷳
һҧ˵ϣСһ
ߣ渫ͷļһǿ
óҪɱ˸ֺӣض˷ʱ䣬ʱ򣬻׷»и˸ϵ
š
С˵ͷûκԥһ籩Ÿֺϯȥ漴תԶ롣
ֺӣûеؽάһ𣬶Ƕһ˳׷ɱ
Сӣͣ£׷ʦ⺣ȥ
ֺӼһʱ׷㿪ʼѯʡ
ô֪ȥȥɽңпܻأ
һ߱ӣһߴЦ
С
ֺƢǳ꣬һ漴һ˫ͷֳ˹
ֻأ
Ȫϱڣ
ʩչֱӽһ˫ͷ˻ȥ
Ҳһʦ⺣ѱ޹
һЦ
С
ֺӷŭˡ
Ҫ֪ʦ⺣ƹҩȹ
ҪǷ⺣ΪȣȻҪΪ⺣𣬽նɱ
ֻϧǿˣٶȸһֱ׷ȥĻԼҲΣա
СӣҲͣӵ
ֺŭһ
Ϊһ㣿
֮Աǡ
Ը֮˾Բᶯ֣
ֺ֣µغ
û˵ܵøˡ
ʲôԸ֮˲ᶯֹ֣ҪˣҲ̫ˣ


249 ˮɱ
СһսˣܿԶ˻ǣȥǵĳǽˡ
ֺӣƴ׷ҧƨɲš
ֻҪиὫһ˫ͷն
ؽάǵĽޣǱԶԶ˺ͷ׷Ĳ𽥾ʧˡ
УǼֻؾھصĹʹۿԽԽԶҲ׳ŵ׷˹зɹ
ʱǰڳһĺһϲ
˺ǿԳһʩչͷӽ̵ˮ似ԸǸֺӣΡ
ţӿ첽ȥ
ܣ
ֺӼǰһӣͷһݣ֪ɹӡ
ҪȻĻ޷׷ˡ
һˣֺһ˫ͷʱɳ˫
һ˫ͷЯƣƿһ쫷磬ϮҪܡ
𣬶֣
ͻȻԱ˸ȥͬʱȫ˼˸Χеˮϡ
ˮˮγУǳɹʩչѰƷ似ǿ
ˮĻˮɷϱڣֹܷ
ţҲʱڲعԨ˽
ڿʱͻƵĸоʱ˿̧̣һ֣۳һ㾧Ө͸ˮĻ
һˮĻһֻ֣Ǳһ㣬Ȼܿ۵ˮУԽԽʵպס˸ֺӵһ˫ɸ
ˮĻ
һȫ߶ۼǰˮĻϡ
һˮĻ͸ģƺܺûһøֺһЦСӣַ似ֵ˫ֱ
Ȼһֺ̣ӵЦϡ
ֻ˫Я쫷ϮܿǰǲˮĻȻһ˫ͷȴ·ǶǲˮĻУܵĿƣ
һ̣˫ͷЯͬ쫷磬ȻŸֺӷɱ
ô£
ֺȻһʶ̫Ծһ˫ͷģڣȴܲһ˫ͷģʶˡ
ôܣ
һ̣ͷųԼ˫ʵ壬ĵסһ˫ɱĸͷ
ﬣϣ
ͷײֺ¸ܵԼһսսʶųһ亹
ҪΪǰȻаŵսеʶĨɱˣɾ̫ˡ
ֺӣδʱһ籩ѾֹС𣬳Ȼ˹ơ
˵ˣһжûã
ֺһЦһ˫ͷӳ˫˲佫һ籩ɢ
Ȼһ̣ȴ֣һ籩֮󣬾ȻһˮƾϮ
С𷢶ӣѸˮγһˮУۼȭͷϣһȭӳ
ˮ
һʩչһƷ似һ̣Ըоһеǿᡣ
似Ʒʵ̫Ҫˡ
ʱǧٻĴ֮ʣһдΪһڵĸֺӣһˮҲĸо
һˮУΧĿ˽ȥӦһеĸֺӣһֿҪϢĸо
Ҵ⣬ֳ˫˫ʵۣܹİѸͷͬʱ׼ֵһˮС
һӿ𣬽ŸֺӺİѸͷȫˮо˽ȥ
ֺӣţؾأȻʩչǿ似ȫֵס
ţֺӱصıɿȥǱˤڵء
ûܵˣȴһˮţˤڵأȫʪ͸һƬӰ
ûӵվһֵˡ
ȭԻȪ
һȭѸۻȪ֮飬ֺ˵ϣ
ţȪ֮·⻯Ӷֺڡ
ı
һӸֺ´͸籡˶ױ֮ʴ

С״һ۷Ź⡣
һˮʵ̫ˣȻΪǳѧûж󹥻ˮȴܽ˾ɣʧȥƽ⣬ҵš
ǿľȭһٽֺɱ
ˮĻʩչȭҲ޷˺ֺӣΪ˫һ˫ͷӵսʶġ
ԻȪ֮ס˸ֺӣ˫ͷҲԶֵסȥĽ
ϣٿˮɱֺӣǲعԨµͷ磬˲ٺøС
Ȼ֪Σûг׽
ߣӡ
һ½ֺӵ˫սսӽ˾Ŀռ䣬һѱС𣬳ͱйȥ
Ϊһ̧ͷͼԶǼֻʹȻԼٶȳ׷
Ⱥޣ湻˵ģ
СһͨһϢĴУ沨Ѹȥ
ں˻ļܿ죬αǼʹʧˡ
𣿡
СںײǰУʵ
ʱû⣬ʱ䳤Ļҿֲܼס
СЩĻش
һͷˮУǸоȻã
Ϊͣʱ¡
֪ϷЩʹôˣֻˮǰУֻҪܰǼֻʹǿɾˡ
ˮǰУȺʹӦҲ˰ɡ
š
Ȼû̫ã͸оһɿֲӺ֮϶ϡ
𣡡
һмЦоԼСͬʱ˴ˮק˳
Ȼһ˴ˮק𣬺Сһˤ˰ߡ
ˡ
һݣѵǱǼֻʹץס
ȫʹ̧ͷȴǼֻʹһޡ
һŽɫӣͷϷӢ˧ֻȴһĨ߰ԽУмĿǰԶֻʹ
ˡؾ
ͷ𾪣
ؾǿߣôһԾˮק
ؾóһģ
͹ʹǶţҪܣȴһɾѹƣ޷°֡
ʹղ壬ǣԽˡ
ؾ국˵
Ǽʹ໥һۣһȻ˵ԡ
ʥԺʹߣֻҪץסˣȫ
Ϊ׵ĹʹԽɫ깧˵
⼸ֻʹﵽؾھصΪؾǰȴҲֻܸ׳Ƴ
ûʸ̸
ɫЦһֱ˵Ͻղ˴βμʥѡʸ񣡡
⡭ʥԺʹߣ벻Ҫǲ彣ʥѡʸ뿪
ֻʹææ˵ȻЩĵĿһۣת˴˵ء
һһʥѡʸ
ѵղ꽣Ҳն̫ǸһҲҪμʥѡ
û̫ܿá
Ϊǽɫ꣬Ǽֻʹ֮󣬱תͷӸµ͸һŨŨĲмͱġ


250 쳽
һ˭
ðһóǰŽɫؾ꣬ƺʶġ
Ǹʹ˵һʥԺʹߣ
ʶĸף
ܿóжҧأҪ
ȴ֣ؾɢһǿѹһָãѹƣ޷ת޷ʩչκ似
ݺԲ
ǽɫ꣬оﲻмЦƾΪҵ쳽ҲΪؾ֮ˣ
ҪΣ
ȫʲôˣ˵ȴǶԷſġ
ͱԺʹߡ
쳽˵Щʹ㲻ӦöҸмô
𣿡
ʣ׷ĲңǸ뿪ʱѾֽǸ˰ɣ
Դ˷ǳ
ɫؾ꣬쳽ЩʹʵϣȴǴͷβ
ΪͱԺʹߣ쳽ְһֹԽ硣
ֱڣ׷ɱôãų֣ҪԵͷ
µĲ
쳽һЦԴΣҾ뿴Ϊһλӣʲô츳ڿҲϡƽúܡ
һλӣ
һݣ쳽˵ģ϶ڴƹǸүүԶ
˵ֻĸױһˣƺĸףҲ⹫ͱԺ൱
ֻϧݣ϶ǲϵģϾĽϣ⵽ͱԺ֮˵ķԣ
в꣬ʥѡ
쳽Ϸʵӵ㹻츳ǿμʥѡֻϧڿμʥѡʸûУ
ҲգҲˣɣ
쳽£漴㽫תƵһԵСϣһ̧֣Сһץ
СһͦȤģβ飬ݴܴԻ͵ĴСҰˣҺڴⱲӻܼңֻϧڿƾʵû취ټˡ
쳽м˵꣬ЯСתߡ
С˫֮УֳһĨ֮ɫЩҵҪѣȴӵóؾǿߵģ
ʱǻŭ˫Ҫ
ȻСӵеôʱ䣬ȴһֱ飬˵Ѿ˲С
Ȼڣ쳽ȴҪǿдߣ
ôģ
쳽תȥһֻۣǲм˵磬Ϊߣоͬϣʲôʸ񲻸ʣʲôʸŭ
ſ
˵
СһѾҵˣƾʲôҷſ
쳽ЦһץС꣬һ̱ն
ҧأ쳽ǴŽɫǿᱳӰмΪʡ
һ̣Ҫͷų֮飬ֹ쳽ߡ
СȴǶ磬úñأǧҪ嶯Ҿ㱻ߣҲӦòµģ
֪Ǳʲôĺ֢
οؾĿֲǿߣɱﵱҲԲܽܣ
ԼҲ֮ǰڴƹĽ䳡ͷų֮飬ҲǺҶһʱ䡣
ô̵ʱڣܺɱһؾǿߣ
УʼռƵλȻΪС걻ץ߶ŭվסˣû
ûаյ飬ûбҪȥɣðװԼ
ԼҲҪء
Ҳ̫ͨС𴫳
ûã쳽ǽɫıӰʧ˸߿Ʋ֮УؾǿߣٶȱڻҪöࡣ
ֱʱһǿѹʧ
»ָ֮ȻʱյСȴ쳽ߣ
˱ϣǰһƬԭû˰Ӱ
ʵһС
뵽쳽˵Ƿ͸â쳽ɱңӦǾҶûκвδûԭ򡭡
пܣĳЩأ쳽֡
ɱղǬһ֣֣ᷴ
ԸоǸոûסҲǸ쳽ֵɣս֣ʤ΢΢˵ǰҲΪ
ҵţ
¶ģôʥѡҪȥμӡ
Ϊټ쳽ΪҪʥѡϼղǸն̫һ֮
ˣҪʵǸ߲εΨвսǿ߲УʥѡΪһֵʢᣬӦкܶǿ߲μӲŶԡ
вʱ䣬ʱڣһ̶˷ѡ
뵽
ʱ䣬˵̲̣ȴԲرǶ˵пһգۣǺüʱȥˡ
磬ڲعԨе磬ʮʱ䣬ȻѰҲһξ͹ˡ
ֵܣ
ʱͻȻԶںԼ֣ЩϤתȥ
ȴڲԭԶǵķһ¶Ӱй
źɫðòĽޣСѩ
֣
Щ죬벻Сѩ
ֵܣּˣ
СѩһЦһһߵӻ飬ոջǵؽά׷Ұָȥˡ
ֲؽάôûԭǱСѩˡ
ͷһůԼһѵġ
֮ǰΪͳСѩ֮΢һЩ϶Ȼ޹ؽҪΪؼʱ̣Сѩվߡ
ˣСѩϧǺҶ֡
л֡
ڳСѩǵߣҲЩлϾǿһС鷳
ڵĳô˵Ҳؾڰصǿߣһ׷ǵֵס
˵棬ֵûʲô°ɣ
СѩǰˬһЦ;м˸ֺӵʬ壬ѵǱһ˸ģ
һСһϣֻϧ
˵һĨâ
쳽ǼһѾؾǿߣһ죬ѽܵĳֻ
ڴˣûж˵СѩȻҲʡ
ֵܣԶ׷Ҹ仰
СѩЦǴƹĪҵţĪڻҲ໥ʶһ׷Ůһȥ˱
Ī𰣿Σ
ԣһһ䡣
ڻǴֻʹʬ壬ȥһУջСǲδڻ̫ͣá
СѩίңǼĻתһȥǡ
ǴƹɹͶչһ޹ȣȻͬǴͱԺĹϽΧۺʵȴȴƹҪǿö࣡


251 ߳
ĪУǰ϶ΪڱиĻᣬӶʵ
ڲԼĵϣΣҲҪö࣬һʲô⣬ûмվˡ
ǴƹĪҵãĪڱҲκȨ
Ǿƹһ͹ˣϣƹڵ඼ǰ
ڱ̫Ļڴƹöġ
ǰã߳ǴϢ˵ǽҪٰһᣬܱ߲ǰ
Сѩ˵ǳĽƺܹ뱱ĳţĪ𰣬ǰμᣬΪ˼뱱ţֻΪԼˡ
ţ뱱ĴǣζܵԼĪΪƹĪҵãȻԸ롣
˵ͷ˵
˵ǳӦûδʼֵȥĻܸϵϡ
Сѩʱ䣬ȻЦֵܣǽǰμһ±߳ǵǳᣬȥʶһ±޿ܣ
Ҳá
һ˼ͷӦˡ
ӵ㹻ʵ֮ǰǲȥƹģ϶ᱻƵģȥҲûá
˴ƹ֮⣬ͻֽ˳Թ֮Ҳûʲôطȥˡ
ҸطȽƷ似ˮˮĻѧᣬжѾѧɹǾûҪһطͣˡ
һ;ΨвսܹԼԼʵøǿ
ôһʱ䲻СѩҲ̤ؾصľ磬ɼЩҲһֱŬš
ô̤ؾأóСѩΪȡ
ģСѩûжʣ֪ܡ
Ҫ׼˺ܿһűжȥ߳ǣڱԵشͻ۲ǺԶ

һһҹĸ·ǽ˱ڡ
ڣ岼൭ˮһӣ
Ҳ˶˵ٽ󣬶䷶Χںڶ࣬һ𣬴ȥͷ·һںϵĹȡ
ӻǷĻҪȥ߳ǣֻҪߵ׾ˡ
һƬٲ֮ͳСѩ˵ǸԶڿüΧľͳǳأǱǱ߳ǣ
ȻֻǱԵһУеλȴ൱Ҫ˽ҵǳ
ǴƹɹǶչǺͻǵһЩ޹ϽĳУ߳Ƕó
Ǳ߳ǡ
۾һȥܹóеĺΰ׳
߰ɣǳӦÿҪʼˣϣϵϱ
Сѩ˵ͷЦ
ԭҪ߳ⳡģֻĪĺôֻ
ⳡʽʼ֮ǰպһϹ
˳ű߳ȥһ·ϣܼڱ߳ǽ޶ڶȥֻˣŻⷽߣǰƹǵȷ
ɱȴƹȹȶö࣡
߳ǣͻǲͬҪڣҪɾңֻҪԼݺͽĿľˡ
һУȻԽ޽ͳƣ˾ʵҲûʲôá
ͳСѩǵʱ򣬱һǼˣǲμӱ߳ᣬԸԵõһöơ
ԡ
ŷɽ
ǰߣһںߣǳСѩһѹʵĺѣֱӱˡ
öƣ˱ڱμӱ߳ᡣ
ؾصļһҲұμӱ߳ᣬЦ
˸õƣͷһмЦ漴Χ˵ĺЦ
ȷⳡ߳ǵᣬģСɱڷġ
ڣǱһĴţйؾǿߣкüˣ
һĿģҪѡһЩ츳ˣѡӶڣμʥѡ
ɴ˿ɼؾص磬ⳡ֮УͲ
˺ЦͷһȴǵһŻ·ӣϴһСߣΪأһؾصǿߣ
һۣδ⣬תߡ
СѩȻҲҪ֦첽ȥ
ߣⳡᣬΪѡضóȫʵκĻᣬؾصĲμӣˡ
ǴСߵӲмЦһתųһȥ
˺ЦˣͳСѩҲԶȥˣûʲôֿɿܿɢȥˡ
ֵܣ֪ո˭
Զ֮󣬳СѩɫЩصʵ
СߵģûҲû˵
ҡҡͷ
ǻǺܳĽޣǹƥɱɽ˺üͷؾصʬ壡
Сѩ֣ص˵
͸ֺӣ˭ǿһЩ
ʡ
սȻǸֺҪǿʤݣ˺ܶ似¹˭ֻδ֪
Сѩ
˵ͷȻĻôͲҪ
ֺӶˣҪһ
ǱƴٶȣƷ似ȸ֮֮ٶҲ
ķ棬ǿȻҪ̫Է
ᱨǰˣ߰ɡ
ܿ죬ųֵ˱߳ǵش㳡ϣɫεڵӣڽڶ޵Ŷӱ
ÿÿ
ڳСѩŶӵʱͻȻ˴ӺӵŶӵȺɢ
üͷ΢壬תһȴһһɫ׵׳˶ֳ꣬һѾ޽ˣҪǰȥ
˭ƾʲôӣ
һؾޣʱŭһѳס׳˶Ŀ
֪ڶ˭˵
׳˶ʱתӣͷӸµޡ
׳˶ĸߴ󣬹һվ˸оһƣ
ؾصǿߡ
Χ˶ˣһи˶ϳ˴˵ݣ
˭ᱨҶŶģƾʲôӣ
ؾصޣϻŵۣ΢һ˿£һΧôˣ׳ŵӣͦţָ׳˶ꡣ

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ؾصޣûüӦ㱻޽նһֱۣʹҺ
Ǳ֮߳һҵǿף˵һոյĻԣ
׳˶ſɱ⣬޽Ѿؾص޲Ӹǰ
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֣ǿ϶ģϾڱ߳һûУ뱻ǣʲô¶֮С
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252 ߳ǽ
ܿ죬ͳСѩһμӼʼı߳ᡣ
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253 
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254 ʵ
뿪߳ǽеʱѾһѵҩ
У鼶ƷĲͬҩö⻹һö鼶Ʒĵҩܹʮö˵ļ۸
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255 һȭ
⻰ʱСӣΪ仰Ĵۡ
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256 ߳ҹĻ
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Сѩڵʮֳֻϧһ־ؾصĶ֣
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⻰˵꣬ĽŲͣһЩҲͣ˽ŲΨڵĵͲ־˻ǰš
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𰣬ǸУ
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257 ҹհ
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ЯŮҹа裬Ůڻȴûʲô˼ܡ
Īڳڣұȥ
ţЯŮܿɳ˱߳ǵķΧҷɹһһϵβݴн
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Ȼɻ˱߳ǣûκ˵ע⡣
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Ϳű߳Ƕûؾǿߣһֱ꣬ӷߣ߳Σ
ң֮˻ȫΪǽԣ
ֳĻζҵõˡ


258 ֱ߳
ڱ߳ȻǰУܿ˱߳ǽ֮
ٵľ㡣
ʩչȸ֮裬չ˫ֱӷɵ˵㣬ƴ롣
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̹ܼҳ֣һ̣һȡ˰ڷڵеһѳǹս漴תߡ
ѳǹ鼶Ʒսֵơ
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ֻϧﵽؾڰأٶȺȣǲһЩ
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չͬһͷɫˣӽʱǸ󶴿ڷ˳ȥ
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ţĪ֮ԽԽߣ𽥵ʧҹ֮УֻһƬҵı߳ǡ


259 ˸״
һŻµߣҹͬʱص˱߳ǽС
ʱ˿̣̹ܼ׼ȥˣһߣһתһ
ȥҵŮϢûУ
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Ҳ˵ʦߵŮˣҲΪ绤
˾٣˵ǰأ

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ҸϽ뿪ڱ߳ǲȣºܿͻѲˡ
һ˵ţһǰӷ֣ûпΪʲôԲѣ
ҲǺԲ²⣬һٳʲôҩ
Сѩҡҡͷ
ԵҩϤȻʲô
αȽϽ˲𰣬˳ֽһŮҲ
ǳʱѾˣҲȥʲôŮ֮ܲ⡣
СѩĪٶ죬ϻԲѵŮûʲôֵġ
ܿ죬ξʹӺϵʧˡ
ûãһµߣӱ߳Ƿ̤ٶȱһҪϲ٣
ߣȻʦߣҲһŮүү
ӦⲻԶˣ׹Ϣ
ݴͣ˻ɹĺۼüͷ΢壬ǰ׷ȥ
ˣ֪һǿߣǱ׷ǣ
Ǳ߳ǳһЩؾھصǿߣҲ϶ʦ˵ΪʦʶһЩؾǿߡ
ߣӿ϶ù
ܿ죬˱ӽ˱ı߾̤һƬһ޼ʵĴԭһֱǰеĻһʱܼǡ
ȥĶ
Сѩѯʵ
νĶȥƺȥǣ
ҪǰƹĻ·;ȽңԶ˵ͻᱻ߳ǵ˸׷ϡ
ֻϧ⣬ƺҪ˼ˡ
ΪѾоӱԶһȻɱȻѾǿ׷ˡ
ȥǻᱻ׷ϡͷ߰ɣߣҶϺ󡣡
һ߱Уһ侲˵
ãһҪСġ
Ī˵ͷδ˵ʲô
ڱ߳ǣǹⱻٳץסģΪľǿ᲻־
ȻˣΣʱ˿̣Ȼỳľ
ҪҪǰǣ
СѩЩԥ
ˣٶȱͲ죬ٴһ˵Ļ»ᱻ׷ϡҺˡ
˾
ɣŮҲһʱ䣬Ȼֱӷߡ
ֻҪСĽӦòʲô⣬ж֮ǰĪȷ߳ǲûؾǿߴڵġ
һʱ䣬˷ͷж
ĪͳСѩֱŴƹͻǷǰһǰС
ǰʲôͲں
ֻ֪бŮͷ߳ǵ׷϶׷ֻҪ΢һʱ䣬ֱӷ𣬰׷ˡ
վס
ǰٱУ󷽱㴫һŭ֮
һ㶡
ʦߣ
ڱ߳ǽеʱ򣬼Żµʦߣʱһϳˡ
ôͷ׷ˣ
֣ȴһͷΪܵõʦżǿҵɱ⣡
ɱ⣬ޱȷţֻҪһͷ͵ĻᶼûУͻᱻɱ
ؾھصǿߣûκοԿ鷳ǣΪĪͳСѩȡʱ䣡
Ҫʩչȸ֮裬ߴ߶̫ȻֱܣͷҪǳĪ߳Сѩ׷ȥ˿ɾû˿ѵĿˡ
Ȫϱڣ

һʱԾ֮һȪϱڣԼͻŮ
漴ŮֱӳһԵӿȥ
֮ȻٶȲ죬վڵһߵߣһʱǼõġ


260 һ
ۿŮһͷ˿ĺУʦһ㶡
ˣ
æܵӵλãűڲϢĳӣüͷ΢΢𣬹˺һȷ򣬼źߣ׷ȥ
ѾȷŮǰСӵС
ԣԣһɻͽ֮ӣҲǰˣΪӳҵģ
ͷߣԼٶȳźζȥ

ԻȪϱڣˮȻŮˮ˳¡
罫Ů£ͷǲǾͲ׷ˣ׷Ҳ϶ᵢ鲻ʱ䡭
оǻߵζһ֮󣬼׷һ˼ŶԲߡ
ܿ죬㽫ӷˡ
ʦߣ֪Ůϵģ
ȻǸոձ߳ǵ˵ģ
Ȼˮ
кâ
ȻĻ;Բñ߳ǵ˺ùٵǻ֪࣡
ȷ߳ǵĶ֣ٲңȥֻҪûʦ֪࣬ض߳Σ
ţʦߣԲһѰؾھǿߣ󣬶뻹ǿܣֻΪˡ
˭һǿʦѣ
ǺģΪҲѧϰ
ֻϧڲǽύʦߵʱ
ֻҪŮӦþͻˡ
ţһҪֵŮѹΪֹ
оԽԽˣֻȿǷһ٣Ϸˣһӡ
ȸ֮裬𣡡
߶ʩչƷ似һӴˮз𣬻Ůһܱ㵽֮У
ʦÿҪ׷ˣ׼ˮסȴͻȻˮзüͷ΢塣
ߡ
ֻһһ̧֣ȫΪһ磬Ȼͬ
似УСӣΪɣ
ʦߣܹƶؾǿ߶õĵҩȻǿõ似
似У֮һٶȼһУڿзУ
ͷһʱһ
ʦߣȻҲ似ˣ
ȥ
ԼЦ̽ʮĻŮ˹ȥ
Ů·ڰз裬һУֻϧǻʦߣûȥ
ߵһʱУŮڴȥһѽסˣ˿
ǻ𰣬̫ȸ֮ͬʱ߶ԱȷŸٶȳǰɶȥ
ɢ
߸ԼŮһɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ӻͳһСҩƿ̽еҩԼŮˡ
ҿ磬ҪȻɾɴˡСӣͷӽղסһΪ
ͷޱȷŭȻԼٶ׷
Ȼٶȼ죬ؾھصĹʹ죬ȴҲ
˫ЯһŮٶȶ½Ȼߺ֮ľ뻹ԽԽ
ϼһѲ
ۿžҪ׷ϣͷһ
߳ǵˣǹգһ鷳ƫƫ޷ͣͣҲûκ֤ݣ֤ߵŮ°ߵġ
ѵҪҲ£
һ£ҲµĻٶȵ㹻ѣڽ𰶪£һվ
ȸ֮裬ȸ֮衭似ܹһ¥ٶȿ϶һЩֻϧƷ似ɲôġ
һҧѵֵͷų֮飬ӹһ٣
һ뵽ƾղǿ̫ʶЩļ£ʵڲڵֵܹĴڣ
һ̫ʶռʶ˭֪ᷢʲô飿
ǰһŮѣ𰣬ŮһǱ߳ٳܣ
ûа취ֻȽʵ˵˳ŲţͲܹƿصˡ
Ҵֻȥѣ˳㽫Ů˳û뵽ȴ׷ɱǿЦ
ЦһڳЦߵ֪ʹ
ʲôͣ˵
ȴǲΪһ˵
Σٶ漴һƻӳγһӿ磬Ϯ˹
ͷǲ˵ĻҪˣ
ϮҲ룬˲ۻȪϱڣ֮ɢҪֵһ硣
Ȼؾھصǿߺ£Ȫϱȴȫһ
ɲǼ䣬һ㽫۵ĻȪϱڻ飬ųӿһҧ˱˻С
ͣ
ת˲ϣҹһӱ˺鿪ţһ·Ҫ˶˺һ㡣
װ壡
ҧأϴ߶ȸ֮裬ǰӴܣͬʱԼ׷ȫ˺󱳣ֵһ硣
ĺ󱳣׹֣״ڴʱӳ˼ãȻһʱ佫ǵסˣ
ֻϧؾھصǿߣʩչ似ʵ̫ǿˣӵװ壬ʱҲ޷ȫܵס
һ£ĺ󱳺ܿͱһƬѪģʹࡣ
ȻˣûͣҲûͷž֮飬Ǽᳯǰɶߣ
һĻúͷ׷ŵĻͷһ
Сӣѵ˵ĲɣȻѪֵ֮һ硭
뵽޳ܵĵͽ֮ӣԻԻŮֵ硣
ȻڣȴѪ֮ŻеŮ
ҪôʩչĿƣҪô˵ģŮѣֻѣ˳Ůһˡ
ֻǣ֮߳ᵨ°Ů
Щʵˣǳһˣ
໹δ֮ǰıԼ뷨
ӦúŮһɢ㽫£Ҹýҩ
һ߷׷һ˵
ֻϧڵһƣ󱳶Ѫģȥ˵
ǻ׷ֻͷų֮ˣ
Ϊǻͣûм׷ˡ
ˣľģǳᶨȻˣǶˡ
ûĸɻὫֵ￴ҪϧԼˣҪȥġ
ҡҡͷۿߣҲû׷
˿
ϼһһƣձػᡮ𡯣
ҧţ𰣬ǰѸٷߡ
Ȼܵʵ̫ˣ˺ܿήое𰣬·̩ɽһѹ·׹ȥ
ͨһ𰣬׹ļĺС


261 ׹ٲ
ߴʱδ뿪һ׹ɫһ䣬ˣ
֪߶ǾЩͣʱ˿̣̲ס뵽ѵСӳܲסһƣˣ
ļǰԶһٲޱļˮϳˢȥٲ·䡣
ٲСǺпû
һɻСߺ޲ýҡ
һʵǺ˵һһǴɱ˺ˣΪŰΪˣ
뵽Ѹٳ׹ĵطȥҪ֮ǰסСӵ
ֻϧԽǿٲˮԽļؾھصĻߣ׷𰱻ˮȥٶˡ
ûã˫˫ٲ
ʦҲ룬ٶУٲϣųٲ·ȥ
̿ʼѰټֻϧˮ̫ļû취˵Ӱ
Ǵﵽؾǿ¸֪ǵϢֻϧڡ
ʦ߳ҲЩһĪչ
ܿ죬㽵ٲײٲ·һ̶˿
Ļ˴ٲϱˢӦòɥϾ޵ͦǿģˮеĻл·ġ
ֻǣ˾嵽Ķȥˣ
ʦߣûзһߴԼδŮһٲ·ˮ̶ϵѰš
ڲиŬ֮һµŮӰˮ֮ϡ
ͳ˽ⶾҩǰ˰󽫽ҩ¡
վܣȴζҲһӰˡ
ʱãɫ𽥷峿һʱ򣬻ԵŮ㶼˹
үүǣôˣ
ŮһԺļԼүүһ䡣
ûˡ
߰οһԼŮͬʱЩŮԽйϣҲᷢˡ
ڣעĻŮҲ𰡣
ˣ
𰣬º͵ѯʵ
˭
ѹоģһӾ
ҽϦɣһʦ㱻ɢѾ˽ⶾҩ
߽һԼʵ֣ǲǽ𰣿
ô֪
һ㶡
ļ䣬ͣںĪһߵĽ׶ΣȻһأҪס
ȴ޼£ջǱ°ߣʧȥʶ
ѹʱ˻ߡ
ǷϵһоԵˣ
üͷ΢壬ʵ
ԣ
һ룬ҡҡͷûлǰȡ
û
룬ô˵СѲɣȴô֪Ů֣
ˣԿļ
߲뵽ʲô漴ʵһʮˣȻؾأȴӵзսʩչ似
Ϧɣ̽òһ¡
һʱ뵽һûмˡ
˵Ҿȳģ
ü΢壬̲סͷĹˣȴվҲһ޷ٲ̶зټһȻ
Ѿ֪龭ЩȻΪðôգӱ߳ٳнȳ
ڣˣ䲻
ǲҪˡ
Ϧվ˵ʵΣ֪ܿˣڴȥ߳ǣ㿴ܲϳץ˭
ʲôã
һҪȥԼȥҪ
ڴߣ𰲢ʲôøУϼһȻ˱߳ٳۣ׷ɱȫǶ𱨣
һʮĿɰŮ룬ĻŮ⡣
ȻϼһﾹȻˣֱ
ͷóⶾҩԼķϣ𰲻ƽϣȴҲʲôϸ
˵ҵҪģ
̬ȣϦܹ⣬ʱ˿̣ҲֻڨЦһȻˣұһҰɡ
Ϧɺ̸ϦɵŮϦ裬ҲѾԼʲô顣
ˣڱүүʧˡǸŮϦҲЩ档
ûоܾһ϶ˣ㿪ʼٲ֮¿ʼѰ

ֻоԼشҪ˵ʩչȸ֮衢߶̫ˣʩչһ似÷ǳѡ
׹뼤еʱûܹ𰣬˶ˢ˹ȥ
ιȥʱ·ε˾ӡеŮӣŮӣӰʣ˿С
ȻһΣȴоԼľ룬ñǰһЩ
ΪҲ֪ҪﵽʲôΪ֪һе࡭
ԺУϸֳйؾӡŮĴ˲֮顣
Щ䵱УǶűǸ似˸⡣
űԽ򵽸ĲΣ֢ĳʱԽ̣ܽʩչӳޱȿֲܡ
ȻǸΣ̫Զ
оԼ׹뼤֮УȻ沨ܿˮ׹һٲصһƬ̶֮С
ţʧȥ˶һи֪˰״̬
֮ǰԣΪʶѵģֻڼĺУȴ֪ڵ糡
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãʶڷ·صϡ
оԼǱʲôڵϣһһǰߣӸĽŲ֪ܹˡ
벻γⷽ׷ҵСӣǿ˴ˡ
һЩС
벻СӾȻˣٲպøǼˡ
˵Сӵ湻Ӳģǵ˺ۣɲһʹˣȻû
˵ôˣػҪô˵ץСӣǿ϶ǲٺö
ʶѹ㻹δۣȴҲѾʶڵߵ˭ˡ
סҡУ
ˣǰǴƹڵ
ھȻڰŻ£
΢һ£ԼƵȷǳأؾھصǿߣʩչ似ƻֲ
ˣڲֻһңﵽؾһصľ硭
ܿ̽˵磬Ц
һΪǺأȴ벻ôѹˣ
վס
ǹźһ׹뼤𰣬ʱ˿̣Ȼ˷һʱ䡣
һȣ漴һԾֱǰ
ԭؾһصҼ״ʱһСӻ𣿱ôһӣȻֱˣ


262 
һǰ̷Ӧ˹
СˣϽֽţ
Ҳδ£ڷǳˣôãܷӳʵضô
ֻϧȴǴʵ
ˮ
û˵κηϻֱһȭˮ
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ﵽСɾˮ˲佫ҡס˾У˿ȥ
ȻˣԸôһȻֻСһ׮
ô⣬أ
̤ǰһŲҵţѹס
ǣڡ
ұһˮɣ˻ģʶĻش
ڣ
üͷ΢塣
ǰȥˣûڼٲڵĻﻹбǿĻ᣿
ҿɥ
ҵҵģ
һҲѪ
˫磬˺üأ̫ˣҸĶ֡
һŶܲסһĻɾֱûˣ£Ҳ˵ʵ
ڵ䣬һ·ǰǱٲպü׹ٲȥ͡
ʵʵĻش
ʵ
һ˲ŵҽš
һΪԼǵþˣȻҽţȡ˾Ŀռеľǹǹ裬ǹӰأ
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ɱˣ˸ûзأ㱻ǹӰһ˫ۣ·Լˡ
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Ȼô뿪Ψһıǽնɱˡ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
й𰣬ûڴ˵ؾתŸո˵ٲѸٱйȥ
գǰǳġˮ̧ͷǰȥȻһٲ
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̶ΧһƬïܴ֣ϴһЩкͳ˳ԶȺĴȻС
һ̶ˮ棬δκӰһ
ò˰ɣ
Ǽǵã𰵱ʱʲôɢⶾҩһ־֪ʲôö
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ͻȻԶУ˽̸һδ
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ٳôöûҵҲˣҪȻȥɣ
ֳֻᦵĹͷڣԥһ£Ȼ˵
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ǣٳ
ֳֻᦵĹͷڻЩٳϵȻҲؾھأվʵѰͷӣȴؾھصʦһʲôĵҩ˿ɾҪԿˡ
ܲܣ㷴һ𣬰СʬҵΣҶҪϵǶԳս
ٳ۷ų
һ뵽ӵǶսУ̲ס鼤ӵһսﶼȥã
ֱ̫˧ˣ
ֳֻᦵĹͷûа취ֻܼٳѰšԡټ
߳ǵĳϵһͷӣ
һ˶ԻɰԲ²⣬ѵǻʦߣ
Ļǻʦ߲䣬Ͼ似У򲻹ܷأ޳̶ܳȾ
ô˵ͷӺͱ߳ǶˣӦǷʵ˰ɡֻǲ֪ںδĻٳôã˵ͷ˲Ŷԡ
вƲţܿ²⵽ѵͷһҵ𰣿
ҲֻŻͷӳţǱ֮߳˸Ĺˣ
뵽΢˿һĻİȫӦò⣬ȥɵΪԼ࿼ǿǲС
ٳˮˣ׹ٲ𣬿ɲܲ
кâһȻˣҾҵϵϵʦͷӴΣ
ؾھصĹͷڣŻᦣ϶Ƕ֡
Ȼˣȥϵ鷳
̫
̫֮߶һչ漴Ͽշ
Ȼʱȫֶ˷УǷǳۣеޣԷӰΪط̫ïˡ
ǰٲȥȻٲһ
ȷؾھصǿս
һ̳Ǹط˹ȥ
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Ѿˡ
ʦߣеվţźӣʯ׵׳ϷȺ˽Ķӣ°ͷҵŮ͸ڵӵ
ߣͷӣƾ赤ҩ֮ǿսƽ֣ʲôʸ˵Ѿˣ
ʯ׵׳ҲǱ߳ǵĳϷȺߺһⳡԾ֣ˡ
𣿡
ʦķһ䡣
ڴʱ׳ϷȺͻȻһְסԼؿڣ̲סһѪ㡭ͷӣ㾹Ȼö
һʦֻҪȡʤսֶΣҶãöʲô
ʦһǻ˶ӽͷҽҪԷΪ

ϷȺȻжȴδ䣬ȻſһЦͷӣҲ̫ˡΪƾһˣǱ߳Բɣ
仰УȻӰˣȻһˣȴûбʦ߷֡
ֱϷȺо̫ˣ˳
ؾھأ
ʦɫһ䣬û뵽ǰϷȺΪһӣȻҪ˶۸٣
ߣ
ʦȫûκԥһץһŮһʱʩչ似ҪŮߣ˵
ԭұ߳ǵ˱ģȴû뵽ԷֱӾͳôˣ
Ȼܣƺеˡ
ס
ʯ׵ϷȺЦʱؾھصǿߣԳŻʦߣʩչ˹似
ǵصŻʦߺȻȥ


263 ֮ӡ
ʹ½ֻһ޵磬ʵʵ

ȻؾصΪͬޣܹǳɵӦԣϱԼؾǿߣҲܹջʤ
ڣǰĻʦһˡ
ΪһʦƽʱύǸкܶؾĴڡ
£似ʹõսѰҪǿһأ
ͱ߳ǵĳϷȺʱûʲô򣬾ܽϷȺܡ
ϷȺŵؾھǿߵҲ㹻ֶαԼ
սӡ
ֻߴӻȡһöʯӡǣʱһ޾ĻϢʯӡɢȫ
䣡
Ϊӡʯӡǣ˲һɿֲ룬Ϯ˻Χ͵ϮߵĹȫƷɿȥ
ս
ԶԶţ̲סۣиӡսǳԽ鼶ǿս
⼶սûȴܴиܵһֲֿ·Ҫ춼˺ѡ
𣡡
һ̧֣ЯŮж
ˣ
߳ǳϷȺһȫŵʯ׾Ȼһӷֽ⿪ΪһʯŻ߷ȥ
ˣȻճĵһιƷɣȴҲû٣磬ߣҪ¡
ǻȡ˳ǿսӡʱ˿̣Ϊ˱ŮȴҲֻܷӳһս
ӡɳȥ˵ĹԵֵȥȻ߳ǳϷȺĹȴֵˡ
һʯϵ˻ߵĺϣһѪ
ãһֺ֮󣬻ڴﵽ㹻߶ȣԶ˳ܹķΧ
ɶˣô죿
һؾھص͵Ϯޣ̰֮ɫʵ
ʶսӡǿᣬÿ˶ҪռΪУ
ŹߣǾԲܵģ
ҵսΪʯУѾ˲ˣ似ĻԷɲ˶ԶǸҶˣ
ϷȺһлԽԽԶӰ׹һ
֪ǾԲܽͷߵģҪȻöãи鷳
ʹΪһ鷳ѳɣûȥԼӣ鷳Ϊã
˭֪ؾھصʦʹ½վڽ˵
ʱͷӺؾǿ߹߳ǶпܱΪ棡
ϷȺֻܴڵϲ׷Ȼܿ죬߱ŮƲ㣬ʧˡ
ɣ
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Ʋ֮УЯŮǰţǰѾȾһѪ
ոգȻøӡֵסΪĹȴûüֵϷȺսΪʯĹ
ˣƲᡣ
Сӣ׼ʲôʱ򣿿ȿȡ
ǰͷţһ˵ôһ䡣
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⻰ЯŵŮɫһ䡣
Ȼһϲɫӱ߳Ǿ˳δأһҪúлл
ڻߵŮһĺɻȲҪ֪꣬ôһ
仰Ҳøںͷһˡ
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ӸߵƲ£ܿߺŮУ߲żɶС

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ߵŮǺĴҪͱʲô֮ͬ
СѣͷҴ˺ˣ˵ҩ㱳ƿٻָ
ͷһ˵ţһ߶׳һСҩƿ
Ľӹϼһûʵ࣬Ͷº֣㽫𰶼
һƿҩԲԲʧ
СҩƿоȻװʮöҩɢҩЩ鼶ƷƷ˵ҩ
ôһСƿҩټֵʮöˣȵİ鼶ƷǺ
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ţһö鼶Ʒ˵ҩ£ʱһŨҩӵҩɢȫۼܵˡ
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ΪһʦЯĿ϶˵ҩˡ
СѣͷϦɣһʦ
ʽһԼָǰɽȣխǾˣΣ
ͷʲôطΪʲô˲ؼң
һ䡣
Ҫڱ߳Ǹɽˣһ˼׷ô죿
ߣ߳ǳСӣȻ°ϦɵŮưոݣ
ϦһҵģΪһϣֻһ磬֮߳һһһһ˫
˻棿
⵹ǺܸȤ
ڱ߳ǣȫûʲôøУ˵ԷȻ°𰣬ɢ
лᱨ߳ǣȻᡣ
ڣͷΪؾھصǿʦҲ˵
Ϧ˵Ȼ档
Ϧɵ˵ͷ漴ǼСӡսȡ˳ƷսʱȸˣˣϣڹȿΪҹ⸲ӡڣؾھصޣҲκβֺ
һѽסöʯӡǣ
ӡӡȻһ鼶ƷսǿĴڣսϿš֣ɢһĵơ
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ܿ͸ܵӡеһĨʶЩȡ
ϦɵʵѰؾھصޣ޷ȵģ
ϦɣԼŮܿ콵·뱱߳ǲɽȵС
֮ԸϦɣͷʵñ߳ǳԱ֮⣬ԼĴ㡣
õһżգ
ȻͷˣȴҲǹģܽǱǼõġ
Ȼ⻰϶ڽ˱߳ǵ֮˵
ܿ죬Ϧɱ㽵ɽУһ£һö˵ҩȡԼЯ¯
ռս
ڵϣ۾Կ϶ϦһռսҪȻԲЯһ޴¯
ӣҪһʱ䣬һЩԸ߳ǡ
ҩ
Դ˲ö֪Ҫģǳսӡڹȿڣȷһϲ˴Ϧɡ


264 Ϯɱ
վխɽȵĹȿڣһ
һɫװ𰣬վԣѩ׳Ʈ裬òҡ
Σлˡ
һо֮ࡣ
ÿӦģǰ̫챮ء
ЦЦ˵
û£ǰɡ
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תһ䣬ʵϣΪϦһֱϦûʲôøС
˵ƾԸ˭ҪԺ˭û꣡
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Щɭ̫֮Ƶ˵㲻ʲôˡ
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ɽзƽ˾ϴһЩкͳ¹ҫڵĸо
ֻϧ֪ɽǰҹȽ徲ҹͻб֮߳
Ǳ߳ǳĻҲܾϦȥԺܿͻд鷳١
߳ǲԵһҵɽȵģʲôǿߣ¡
󼸲ˣضԽԽǿֱӻؾھصǿ߹
ʱֻϦɷϵƷսӡˡ
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һ̫챮Ȼɽ֮Уһ΢ĽŲ
ˡ
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𰵱ȻҲԶ˾һб߳ǵ޹Իһʱ佫Էնɱ
ΪѣԱ߳ǵ޳ʹˣΪˣȻʹޱ߳ǵЩһ
ǰɽˣȥҪǻûˣǾ͸ûȥϢˡ
ˣҲ֪ǻͷʲôȻҪǼһѰң
˵Ͻǰɽȥȥأ
ЩĻ˵꣬ű߳ǵеĿ֦һһɽȡ
ɽǿɵشߵú·ʲô
ֻϧЩδûʲô߼似ֻһܹ
Ӱһ⽣Ӱ̼ڵд
ûзκͬһһ㣬ͽӽɽ̽
ۣۣ
еһԳɫ̽裬ص˲㱻նɱֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
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ܿ죬γǰһصɽȿȥ
ԷжǺܽģǲɽȿѲ飬о䣬һκβԾģ̾Ӧ֪ͨ󲿶ӹ
ֻϧϢҵЩںͷֱ㽫ȫĨɱ
žҹУ˭֪ɽȹȿ֮Уһһ浹ɱ
ֱܹʬ壬ɢѪζҹ磬Զɢ˿ȥ
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صȿڣ̧ͷ˿֪Ѿ賿ʱ֣಻ʱ
϶һЩǿˣʱ򣬾͵ÿϦʵ˵ġһһһһ˫ˡ
ˣ֪ͨˣ죬죡
ûãԶйȻһ󾪺Ѫζ߳ǵ
ûκԥںҹ˸ûãеʬһЩ
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һһҵĽŲʹвϵĴ˹ͷһݣ֪ǿˣ
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Ҳ룬ؾھصǿߣΨеƷսӡ
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ӡзɳʱһ󸲺ɾйһ޾硣
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ֳֻᦵĹͷƺһֱǰһ׼͸ӡս
ҪշһƷսѶȷǳ󣬾ûʲôգ
ãԿ϶ǣǻ߱ѾˣҪȻֻһսսˡ
СŮޡ
ؾأʲôµģһϣҲٳĶ֣
ȴ֪ɽȿڵĲŮ
Źͷ븲ӡսηһ㣬ѸٴджٳԽԽ
ڵУǱˣκ龰ԭȵйͷ棬֣ȴҲӡ
ȻٳԼһȺޣͺ޲
ԵһȺޣǻδΨ졣
ʱ˿̣赲Ϯɱ
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ûκԥٳԶԶ㳯ŵһȭٳĵ£۳һŨľ֮
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ٳĲҽ̾
ٳô£
ǰͼշӡĹͷҽУһӻᦣȼһػ棬˰֡
һۿڶޱٳȻһ֣ʹĲҽг
һ֪ܲʲô
ԣ
ҧгݣеĻᦣʱ֮л𺣴


265 
һȭڵ棬һٳĲҽ֪Լˡ
˿ûԭͣһ㳯ɽȹȿ˻عȥ
ŸսıҲûл·
ţûȥ鿴ˣ㹻ģѾھıʴ֮
ֳֻᦣƬлӣϦɵսӡҲ̷ӳ˸ܡ
һ˲䣬γɽеĻϮȥϵĽĻ
һöССʯӡǣȻڿ֮ӵ˿ֲܣЩһ𣬼ܵ߸󺣣
ӡסû취׷ɱӷ
һΣûܱٳǷ˴߳ǵĳϷȺԲ
ϷȺ˽⣬пܱʢŭ֮µϷȺɱ
£бҪΪ߳
ΪؾھصǿߣⱲ̤˺һľ磬ԭϷȺߣΪ˵õ߳ǵĸԴ
ԼܵвʱȻΪ߳
ߣ
Żᦣ븲ӡţȴѾȫû˿־
ȻҪߣҲȥǡƹСطҪ̤˺һľ磬뿪ǰٲȱĹȣ
ᦻţһ淭ӿ˲䳯ֵһ򣬿ٳһջٵĵ·
ĹͷӰ˸֮£ܿŻᦣ˴˴
һߣӡδ׷ǻصУ׼ӭһ֡
һܵõͦ졭
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ؾھصǿߣȻǰ׷ɱԷܣʡһЩҪȻô˵Ǹ鷳
ңͷô˵ҲֻٳıڰˣףûҪѴȥ׷
һһܣʣʮʱ֪ôźá
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⻰һ꣬ΧЩԥһɢ
˭ԼΪأһжǿˣǻĻ
Ϊ˲ѡΪɱĿ꣬ȻûһȥǱ֮ʴʬ壬ϸսǱѹһˡ
ȻŹЩһ
ȸ֮裬ɱ
һչ׷ɱʱٶΪֲĵز
ͬһͷķݣïвϮɱЩɢӵޡ
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ǲЩս˵ЩЩ׸ˡ
ȷţԺлˣЩսһһЩҩԵøʵڡ
תɽȹȿڷȥ
ȻʱͻȻһƿյӱٴ

Ҳ룬͵һűһ֧ʸͷɹֱ䴩˺üľղŶһϡ
Լʸ͵Ϯ
ڵӣ
кâһ̾ϳ˶Էݡ
ڱ߳ǵʱվȳϦ裬ڵӸ׷ɱԷɱ˵ʵͦǿġ
ֻܷеֻĪˡ
պøоеҪͻƵӣְɡ
΢̡
ڵӣͲ־ȻһжһжĻ϶ǲܵģпǻиӡĴڣ
չѸٷɵϿգڴʱͬ򣬲ǿļʸҪ£
ڵӣںҹУӵмΪɫĳ似ǽյһ
ֻˣǾûʲôˡ
Ե˵ͷ
ڿзһȦָû߳ǵ˴ˣ˵ǸϢ
ڵ賿ҲȷԼǲǻῴˡ
ô˵ܹʩչȸ֮似Уʱ˵൱
ӡȥԸһ
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ʱһϮ𣬽һ֧֧ʸöᣬû˾׼
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һ֣۾֮γһȪϱڣ¹һĹĹâ
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Խļʸ߶̫ٶһ
ƹ꣬ڼһСɽϣһڵӣͷų䳤ʵ壬Ϸ
ļ꣡
ۿٶȱڵӲŲæ˲ڳʵ֧ʸ
䣡
֧ʸ䣬εΪ׳ۣΪ֮һ䡣
似湻ģ
֧ʸǰ·ȫҪͻȥӽڵӣǲܵ顣
Կ϶ȪϱڣҲֻ̼ͻᱻЩʸ׻顣
ңͬһϮļ꣬ٶô춼ܶ㿪
ˣ
һӾĿռȡһ鼶Ʒı
ս鼶ƷļӦÿԵֵЩɣ
ûκԥ㽫鼶ƷıսУһѸϮļ꣡
ϣϣϣ
һཻΧɢ˿ȥûã㷢е鼶ƷսȻѾɸӣ
սȴһӱˣ
Ȼһһ鼶Ʒս⴩ļ似Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
һʱȻ
ȻԱսֵסһļ꣬ΣȴҲһ̺ǿʮɵľ롣
˫ţǿûˤ䵽ϣ
ڣΪĴţµʵȻͬ죬ڵӵʵ¶ѾԶˡ
һǣȡ
һɭ쳹ҹգһݣܵһ˿Σ١
ԷȥһУпȡ


266 ״̬
Σյĸ֪ǳ
һ̣ȫѪҺͬʱڵ֮;֮
һ̧֣̿ʼΧеˮ
ţҹбһ֧ʸͬһ㣬Яɱ⣬ԼٶȳϮɱ
ڵӣ㹻ţһҪ
ˮĻ
һ֣ʩչƷķ似ˮĻ
һСɾ磬˵Ļڲˮߣû취ôˮ
һ͸ˮĻ֣δиǽŻһȪϱڡ
ˮĻǰȪϱں˫طֵԷһ
ǣ񷣬ת˲
һ㱡ˮĻ˲㱻飬ȴҲ֧ʸɣˣȥһʸ⣬ڵڴȥ
ˮĻķܹ
鼶Ʒսѥ鼶Ʒȼס
ۿˣ̴ӾĿռУͳ˷ŵõ鼶Ʒսսֱ˳ȥ
Է֧ǰļʸڻˮĻֻ̱˻Ȫϱڣֱʱ֧ʸʣ³ɣ
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鼶Ʒսֵöˣ̼㱻֧Ǽʸ˸һʧȥЧá
ƾˣڵֵס˶Էһ
ʧء
ЩʹԷѾٻ鼶ƷսˣȻǸոմٳ϶ģȴսƷ
ԭһսеõ˲ٺöҸطܻ㹻ĵҩӶ̸ߵ硣
ڿȴǱԷһͻص˽ǰ
ҵҪжսġ
ˣԷȻڵӵһв־
ؾڰصǿߣȻͬ죡
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һҧŶԷδٴγһڵȸ̫һչԼٶȳŶԷڴƽ
˫Զʼմƣҽȥû鼶Ʒսֵߣǡ
ʱ˿̣ȴߣ
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˫ƽۿǲ־֮һĨʸ⣬Ӻܿͻʩչһ似
Уѹ޴״κؾڰصǿսȫ
ͻȻ䣬·ĳ״̬ʼΧе
֮䣬ޡ޽Ļ޵ؼ
õҩڵȵȷֻǼӿ̰ˡ
ǴӿӶ̤߲ľ磬Ͼʹ½ҩޣûκܹҩ̤˺һľ硣
ͬĵҩյڶЧͻ΢΢
κ˵Ǵӿ
ͬ츳ޣٶҲ֮ͬǰӡһֱǷõҩڵȵ
ʱ˿̣Ȼû˵ҩȴͷ̤һ״̬ĻٶȻ䱩ʮ
оΧط·Ϊһ壬ܹĸоΧеԼطľۼ
״̬ڶʱڻ۵˷ǳ
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ʱ˿̣Щ֮ڵľ֮飬ڱøʵͬ磬һؾأ
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ڵĵӣ־δҹı仯һǳϮɱ
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Ȫϱڣ
˸âһ֣ˮ;̼֮һ㱡ˮĻԼһҺɫĻȪϱڡ
ո̤ؾصľ磬һӸоϱڣǿȱȸոǿ˽һ
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ۿҪ׷־ҧأٶǧ֧ʸǵصĳӶȥ
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һȻǱӡġ
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һȭ£֮˲۳ɻȪ֮飬־
ţһıӵصױ籡׽־嶼ʴɥ
ʦܣ
Զ󣬸оԼʦܲ־ɱʱһ쳹ҹյŭ


267 ɽ
źǲͻƸӡԼʦܲ־ġ
ܿ죬־˱ھ֮ʴ¶
ڻɱ־ڵӣθС
־Ϊڵӣҫ߳ǾٰһᣬҪٳ°ȥŮ飬ȻʲôöҲ֪Ѿˡ
ֻϧڵƺûʲôսϰ似᳤սûܴӲ־ѳʲôֵǮĶ
ʮöˣ㲻
պ˴Ӳ־ѵʮöˣǱ߳ǵٳĻ¸ˡ
ţ̧ͷĿͶʣڵӣ
ող־ʱŭ𣬷·Ҫƴһ
ǵȵһ̧ͷȴȻѸٳԶܿȥ˵Ҫˣ
ڣҲˡ
һЦ
Ҫ׷ȥֻϧʱһƳڴ͸Ʋ㣬ҫƬĴϡ
һοɰӰɽȹȿ΢΢̽ͷ磬㣬үү˵һѾ׼ˣǿԻˣ
⻰һ
Ҫô
ʩչȸ֮裬һ˫ȸɵȥһ۱֮ƽԭϣһӭųɽȣ
һޣΪ׵Ǳ߳ǵĳϷȺʯսףμΪߴ׳䣡
󣬻ϦͷؾھǿߣԼһЩؾءڰصǿߡ
̣ϷȺϦɺһ򾡣κĻᣡ
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ȻѾõϢоԵСӣɽȸǰУĶ̵ɱ
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Ȼû뵽ǣȥ˰ʱʱ䣬߽ɽ֮еˣȴҲûκϢ·ɽ伣һ㣡
ͺ˸Գʮöˣûһ
ٽȥ
ϷȺɫӻͳʮöˣݸʣؾھصĽ޸ࡣ
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ԴˣЩмһˣϷȺߣܲϵõʹͣõԴ
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Ųӣʩչ似˻ΪһѪ˿ɽ֮Ѹٴ˽ȥ
񼶷ԼΪѪ˿׷ɱܣǰĲ̽飬ӵмΪɫЧʡ
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ڽȥĴۣǿ似Ѫ˿ܷʲôõϢ
˽ĵȴ
ʮʱȥˣɽûдκϢ
ܿ죬ʱʱֹȥˣѾ𣬵ȴȻûɽ֮г
е㲻Ծ
ϷȺĲˣ˼䲻˶ϷȺѹ˵
⻹õ˵
ϷȺһ׹⣬ĶɽȵĹȿڡ
ɽ֮УûκϢҪһ򶷵ûд
󣬼ΪϷȺɫϳȥ
ѵһ˾˾ˣ
ⲻܰ
ϷȺƽԴ˻ǲģߵĻÿ¶ʮö˽ˣ˵ˣ
ѵ˵ɽʲô⣿
ϷȺ룬ӦҲûʲôܲŶԣϾĻܻᴫһЩİɣ
ʵϣ˽ɽ֮󣬱ͬʯ󺣣û˿˻
ɽΧʲô
ϷȺ´ڶ཭޽ɽȿڳΧ
ڰΧ֮ȴκ
ǰ˵ʧ٣ľǿ˼£ȷȫԲκжˡ
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ȴ֪ʱ˿̵ɽ֮УʦϦɣԼ𰡢ϦŮһЦǺǵĿѾԹȥޡ
꣬꣬ޣȻˣԵ˸ǰ


268 ɽ
һϵʱ䣬ʦϦɣƳһַ״ҩԻΪɢ֮С
峿İЩ״ҩûܹһЩ״ҩؾھصǿߣһӻԲѣ
ǣȷúһƵĽҩĻȫ޽⡣
Ϧɣ㽫ҩһ˷ˣ㽫Ƿ״ҩﻯΪ̣ʹɢɽȷΧ
ɽȣ㳹׳ΪϦɵأκ˽룬ֻ׸
ܹʮöˣջ񲻴
ؾھǿߵѳʮöˣΪ⡣
ʮöˣԼŰɡ
ϦɵһЦ˿̰ͼʮöˡ
˵ȫǷǳɱܵõĶһЩҩܶһ࣬ûҪһСȥ
ؼǷ鰡
˼ٳоȳŮϦ裬ûил𱨣һˣֱϼ
˫飬Ϧ֪ǷĻԶûл塣
ʮöˣϢˣ
ҲʮöȫУȵȥܹٵҩˣ̤ؾ
Ȼоˣȴûط򵽸Ʒĵҩǿɾ˷ˡ
ⲢǰӦÿǵ⡣
ϦϣһҪôã
źɫװվڰȹŮϦߣѯʵ
ΪϵΪ
Ϧ˵ţ漴Զ֣һһƣǵ飬ϵؾھصΪ
ǮƣѹˣΪϦɷϵⱲӿ˵ȫˡ
ûҪǵϦѾʴˣϾЩǲŮϦһӵİף
ǲ֪߳λǲǻ
µȿڡ
ܹڹȿڷѾвţȻҽȴڴ
óϷȺѾԥˣⲢ
ǻһʱ䣬ʧɢЧŻȥ
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ҡҡͷ̾˿
Ҳҵġ
ЦһϷȺû˿֮ġ
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ϾϷȺΪ߳ǵĳɲɱɱˣϾͷˡ
ϷȺ֮λǹϵġ
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ؾھصʦϦɣҲ
˵һʱ䣬ϷȺȻûеɽȣֻ˺Щ£ɽ֮̽
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ЩˣϷȺЩ̽·޵ģҪǿɲԹ
Ϧ۾ӣǶСˣʮöˣͷҪ׬ҲûѲٹ򡣡
ȻϷȺģžİˡ
һЦ
ʧɢҩЧҪʧˣ߰ɡ
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ʱ˿̣ϷȺЩڣҲûʲôйѵˣΪһ¶˵Ѿ
Ҫֻ֣ܹûܺúýԼĶˡ

ڣƫһƬΪɽ֡
ɽһƬɽ֡
֮Գ֣ΪƬɽ֮Уźüԡ顱Ϊǿޣ磬ɽèڤȵȡ
Щص㣬ԶǶж
ȻЩжľޣҲѰܹԸģһǿߣҪһ𣬲ǿԸһֻ
ö֮ɽ˼ĵطżʵǿޣСŶӽУһͷޡ
𰣬̫ţܿʦߣϦɣƬɽ
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֮ԻϦΪ·;У˫Ѿ˵ˣϦɽΪıͲ
ԴˣȻȻܡ
ֻҪܹѧǶԴɽУˣ
ңҲһΪõ֪֮ʹ½ʦΪеȺ塣
ܿ죬˽Ϧָŵɽϡ
֮ԸţΪҲûʲôطȥһ˳̫챮
һ·ϣϦɵŮѩȹӵСѾͷϦ裬û˵ʲôóŮЩĬԡ
ԼүүϦɣŮǷǳ𾴵ġ
ªСֵܣҪסĻֻԼٴһľˡ
ϦָɽϣΨһһľ˵
ľݣܹ䣬ңϦɺϦԵסһ
óһһپסľݶԵúܸɾ
һľݣǺܼ򵥵顣
ܿΧѼ˲ٹɣȻһһľݳ
ľݣϦɵľݸԶ໥һСƬ֣ȴΪĸ䣬䡣
Ǿɽܹɽͷҳһҩޡ
ϦɵĻ֪ȥҪˡ
٣ѧ֮ǰ뿪ɽͷ벽
ѧϰܿʼˡ
ڵشƫƧսҲûżˣȶԼһ̡
ϦɣǶһ뿪ɽͷľɽ֮ȥɼҩȥˡ
ͷӵİȫȻģͷӴŮסʮ꣬ͶԴ˴ϤĲϤˡ


269 ص
ʼˡ
죬Ϧѧϰ֮ѧϰֲҩ֪ʶֱֲҩϰԣϰ롢ںϸֲͬԵҩԡ
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⣬һǧţϦɶЩȡ
ѰޣҪƳеһöҩô˵úüµѧϰ֪ʶϰҩԵķ롢ںϵȵȡ
ȴڽһ֮󣬱ƳһöƷҩ
ȻֻǷƷϦѾ޿ڲˣ棬ûоߵģȴȷܹҩԣ˵һ¡
ϦɵȻ֪оӡĴڡ
ȥȥ
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ʱʣİ̫챮𰹲ͬ£˽ֻȭͷС
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ÿֵҩһ㶼ƳöԼá
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Ҫͻƿﵽһľ磬ô򵥵顣
൤ҩҪ˵ֻǱˮн
ҪѸٽΨзøҩˣҩڵƳ
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Ϧϣ컪ɷӫˮһƳ컪ˮ鵤
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ϾӫˮҪǲʵĻҩʧҪɹƳҩ൱ˡ
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컪ˮ鵤ƷҩѶȷǳߣϦ˵Ҳ̫ѣϾƷĵҩƹ
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ϣҪıԼ
һЩƷҩȴڴУΪЩҩҩԷǳŨЧͣҲзǳԵĴٽ
컪ˮ鵤һ֡
Ʒҩóȥؾǿߣᣬ˵ֵûʮöˣǾģҴʱмС
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ڰ磬ݣƳƷÿһȺ˰æء
ϦɣܿѰҩģ׼컪ˮ鵤ˡ
оֻԹˡ
֮һͿ˵ŮϦˣСķ˿ζͷӣ𰣬޿ڲ
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Ҫʲôҩ
һ
ص
ϦɵһЦȻˣҲгһ̤ؾɾǴ˵еĲΣ֮ԻСǰ߳ǣ˵Ǳ߳һζҩģǰչ
ԣһݡ
ص
־֪ⵤҩãǰ̤ؾһöҩֵ֪³ǧö˶򵽣
ΪѶȼߣʮζҩÿһֵֹʮöˣҼ亱
ͷʮ꣬ʵϣʮʱұѾ̤ؾھصľ硭ʮȥˣ˵ƲϣҲѼ˴룬֡
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Ϊʲôȥ
Щɻ
ΪһҩģҶʮǰ˾ɽҪȥժ£ֻҪȥǵطȴΣأǰ
ϦЦЦպһֱطҲôСһȥߡ


270 ֮
ϦɸһöˣλŮһˡ
ҪӾɽȥǣȻҪȥģҪȻĻ˿϶޷뿪ɽ
ǴӿзɳȥĻҪ򵥵öˡ
Ȼ̫ЩìܣҲòģԭ侭ӡĸ졣
ʱʱʩչȸ֮裬Ͼʩչ似Ҫģ߶̫ͲҪ
̫֮ĺôˡ
ֻϧҪ˫ƺûʲôˡ
Ůܿͷ뿪˾ɽķΧȻͨǵĴ·ϡ
ͷ˶ĵطٷǰоͲˣһʲôΣգıǮء
С裬ǰ뿪ɽ𣿡
Ȼһ׺ɫװµģޱ롣
ŮϦСЦݣһ䡣
š
Ϧ˵ͷɰϵ׺ŵΡ
ʮŮ뿪үүУʲôʺͺ棬ڱ߳⣬˼Ҿ硣
С裬㸸ĸأ
һţһ˼ѯʡ
үү˵ҵҸճʱȥˣסھɽΪ˶ܳҡ
˵ϦƺЩģڴСûĸҲûʲô̫д
ܳң
һ֮ǰһֱͷϦһ𣬵ûһ˵ҲںϦŮһ𣬲Ŵ̽ЩϢ
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̯λʱ򣬱ΧΧ۵Ǹ˽С̸Źڳ۾֮顣
һʱЩɻ󣬾Ȼһˣ

ȺܿڵǰȻڷһ飬Ǳ֮УȻһӰ׶ס
ֵܾߣþ֮
·һд֣Ҫõ֮ҪĴۡ
Ȼһˣ
⣡
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ڣһ⡣
Ҫţܾеļһ
ˣҲͶʮͣȴﵽؾھص磬ԲǺúŪġ
ҪԱȵ컹ѣ
ǣȴöԷŲУҪȻ⾫֮òȥϦɿɾû취Ƴص̤ؾˡ
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пܣԼͻƵؾƿʱ򣬻Ϊ˴ιĦéٿ
̯λǰȺȻڵˣȴʼյͷûпȺһۡ
УΨǱڱеֵܣ
Ҫô죿
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ȵȿûʲôᡭ
ҡҡͷֱܲȥͶԷ˵ֵܾܰɣ
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һȺƲɵȻҲ޷ı˿ȥ
һʱ֮䣬Χָָ㣬۷׷ףһ֪ʲô
ЩһѰ𣿡
㶺ˣѰҲڽ׹㳡Ѱ𰡣Ҫ˲ɣ
ѵ򾫽֮ģ
֪ǿ־ˣ


271 ˮƸ
ǵĽ׹㳡ϣպŮһȺ޴˹˴̯λϵһԡ
ֵܣˮƸܾȣȽ֮ǣ
Ⱥޣһ̯λΧסΪ֮˱̬Ȱ˵
ؾڰΪڵǰǲ˰
ˮƸ󣬿Ǳһרų۵ҩ֯ЩޣȻˮƸĴ֡
ڣǱʲô˺ҧɵġ
ͷֻǶűеޣͷҲ̧Į˵ֵܵҲܹõ֮ҪȽȻ˵
ߣˮƸʦʱȣʲô
Ϊ֮ˣһм㰮ŲţǣˮƸ֮⣬ûֵܾܡ
֤һ°ɡ
ڵˣȫûжֻǶ˶ƤӵҲˣǷ񿴵óȻҵ˱ֵö࣬Ҫ˵ֵܾܣǱȽκ˵
ǰˮƸ
ǼֱΪ
⽻׹㳡û˸Ҷ֣뿪˴˵أɾ˵һˣǵˮƸǸɲˡ
ǶԷֵܣǸΣ
ǶԷֱָΣ
ԣöԷֵ֤ܣǷǳľٶ
ֻٶΧΧ߿е㲻ʱˡ
СӣȻˮƸˣҿҲȷֻˮƸпֵܾˡ
ֵȻ飬ȴʱıסʱӦûδϾˮƸӦа취ġ
а취ΣЩɷ㣬ȥ𣿡
һʱ䣬Χ֮˽ǰһ
ڵ˱
¶ǲѣ
ϣϦɸһƿ˵ҩ֮⣬ƻϲʲô⣬Чá
ûʲôж䡣
СӣǾƲԳԷƣ۾ֻ֮˵ҪֵܣôڻôϾˣ
ˮƸΪ֮һһ֣ǲߣֵⲻҪԶ֣ȥˣ
⻰˵Χ֮һ
ǱǵĽ׹㳡ˮƸˣôﶯ֣
ѵ˵ˮƸ֮֮ǰѾͨ˱ǳǷĹϵҪȻĻҲھ֮ô֮
ӣΣˡ
ţȴȫûҪֵͷԷˮƸ˭֣ȫǺԼȥ
ǣҪǿģ
ڵˣȻû̧ͷֻǵһ䡣
е£ֻǰˮƸһ˳һֵܣҪ֪ˮƸʦǣɶǴȱΪ
Ϊһ˵㲻ˮƸĺҲˣȻǣﲻ꣡
⻰˵ĵǹûʣȻǴȱΪǽҲһˣǸʤ߼
Ц
ʲôˮƸ֮ˣһûʲô⡣
ʱһ˵Χ˽óв˶ʱһ
˭ʱ˵
ǽĿͶ˵֮˵ʱ򣬿һؾصĺ꣬ʮ˾͡

֪ڱˮƸ˽°ߣǾ֮ɾ͸ûˣ˼ˮƸҲòվ˳
ʲô
ˮƸؾڰصĽޣͷһۣЦһʲôʸվ˵磬˵Ҫʵġ
˵úã磬˵Ҫʵġ
΢̣ȻˮƸҪ֮ҲҪ֮Ǳһ䣬˳Σ
⻰˵ֱڴǽ޵
ؾڰصǿߣ
ǰ꣬ȴؾصСӣ˫ص磬ıĻǴ˭ʤ˭õ˵
СƲԼ
ؾڰصǿ߳еܿϧȴʶʱһߵͷˡ
˭ʤ˭˵ء
Цһ漴˳˵һ䣬λ̨һλֵܾܣˣöҩԡ
˵⻰׳һöҩڵϵڵˡ
ƺЩȣһֽöҩס
ʱһĨŨҩɢΧòж֮ɫ˵ҩ鼶Ʒ˵ҩСӾȻҲĽ䶪ˣ
ϧǣСӵƺе⡣
ԼؾأȻؾڰصǿսֱ
ǵĽ׹㳡Ȼֹ򶷣ȴֹԼս
ǰؾڰصǿ߷˳ͻǽԼսǷǲܵġ
㻹ţֻϧ̫äĿˡ
ؾڰصǿЦһվ˳нۣ㵽˻Ȫ֪˭
ۡ
Ȼô˵ｫɱˣҲ׷ô
Ĺƨɱң;ԣУ
һǰмĿ
Уÿ˺ô˵úܲҡ
ЩƣЩզôԽУ
һȽϵ͵ģȥ۸ԱʾԼǿ
ҪǻԷϻֱ˾ǣ
۵ĳ࣬ǳҰһʲô鶼ϲȥֶ֣¡
кϷˡ
Χ֮ˣóһƬλ˶Ķ˵ǶĶ˭ʲôʵġ
ؾضԵڰأ
ֱһЦ
˳ųУָָ㣬ڿһɵӡ
ȻҪǶԼûģ˸ߵĶ
ȻУҾͲˣ㲻Ҫڡ
۾
ƾ㣬Ҳҽۺڵʸ񣿡
һ˿ûн
ûٶ˵ʲô
ʱȫƾʵ˵ʱ
̤ǰһ׼ֵʱҲڰԽ䱸ۿʵϣ˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
˵У
ܴﵽؾڰصģûһǴˣ
ħӡ
ʩչûùһУ󣬵ʤٶȺܿ죬ұӦ
Ҫɱ˵Ļһȭ£ȻԷУûҪһʼɱС
һƣֳâ̺ǽЦһ
ͣȻսۣ
ϸֳһĨɱ˿ûһƣһִһѴ󿳵һ˲ۣͷ
˵õУ۹ȻûأѡеͬʱûҪնɱ
Ȼϵˣֻϧ
΢̣Էֻƾһâɱ̫ˣ
ħӡȫֻ̽ġ
ۿԷ۵âͷһ֣˲Ծ֮ɻȪϱڣԼǰ


272 
۵һâΧ˷׷׷һ
˵ҪУųһУ۾̲סҪˣȫǰԼ˵ĻǷƨ
ȻҲϵؾأ͸Ҹս϶̡
װţ˵ҪУȵɾʱٽһնɱɱֳ۵ļ˽թ
ҪΪ棬ƾȻǲģҲҪ۵ĽթҲ̤ƾ
ֻϧЩıԸδ̫Сˡ
ͷ
ԷâϮһȪϱֱ۳Ȼһǵâס˫飬һɢȥ
Ȼս˸ƽ֣
˼һĻˣ
Ȼݽ۵ͻȻ͵ϮȴҲãСڽˣز˵Ȼ͵Ϯ
ڿСӲʵǿᣬСĽҪ͵ϮΣ
˵𣿿˵Ļڷƨ
һЦô˵ʲôˮƸ֮ˣҲ֮ˣ˷λֵǰˮƸ󣬾ǾĲ
סԷһɱУʱ﷣ýԼһȺˮƸ޸ŭ
СӣΪסһʸǰô
ŭȣ
һؾصСӵסһ۸оȫ޹⣬ǲܽСˣԺʲôΪˮƸ£
ֻгĻ۳üڵ磬кѹǳݵļƣӿֶ
ˮĻ
ڴЦʱ򣬱Ѿ׼һз似ʱһ㱡ˮĻϳΧԷڵ⳹ס
ˣƷķ似ܹԷ
һڵ磬ŽϮȥһ
ȻЩڵʩչ˲٣ҪʩչֶηĻ϶ǻᱻЩĵˣ
µ
д󿳵һӣʱһεĵâ˲ɢЩڵȫֵסˡ
Ȼûһһ似ѾϮ
ˮ
һˮ˲ת˲˶Уתŵ˳ȥˤڵأ
ס֣
ʤ׷Ҫȡǽ۵ʱؾصˮƸޣһȫ֣
ˮƸ
ЦѸ˿ͬʱ˵һһĶ벻ˮƸ֮˲һҾȻҪԶ٣
ǿɱˣڱǵĽ׹㳡
仰Щؾصһԥ˽Ųһ١
ڽ׹㳡ĶԣҪȺŹĻǳɾҪһˣ
ϴô죿
Ƿ׷׽ĿͶ˱ˮоɣˤڵصĽϣ¶һѯʵɫ
һ˵Ĳ£ǿվоڲϷˮеȻ͸ڣüŤ
ۣؾڰصǿߣȻһؾصСӣһˣ
ϸֳޱɫ񣬷·Ҫ˺飬Ȼȴ֪ûлˡ
ȻܾŹ
ߣСӣӵƣ
޹⣬ֻʱ뿪ԻкֶܶζԸ
ȺؾصޣתŽ׹㳡֮뿪ʱ۾
ɴû˵ҪŹۣ
ı
Ž۵뿪ıӰһȭ˵棬ʱһŨ͵ľ֮ڵص׻ۡ
һ̣Ȼ㱬ͬɽһ㣬ڵľȺеĽ۳С
ȻһŽĲҽУһʱȫⳡˡ
ؾصСӣҰ
ʵǿ᲻˵ӾҲô󣬵˵棬ֱӺɱˮƸĴֽۣ
ˮƸ˸ܵĿֲ׷׳ΧɢȥĿŽھбʴ˱һ߸ʬ
һĵð˳
ǶΪȻܸܿŽۻȥȻˮƸԸСӡ
ȴû뵽СӲŹۣȻһۺɱ
СӣˮƸ»ôĶ֪
ˮƸʣЩޣһвƵݺݵ˵
֪֪Ե˭
Цһ˿Էв
ҪµĻʱͲˣ
ߣ
ЩؾصˮƸޣһҺ˵æ뿪
ǻԲ׼ʲôݣ˵ûʲôúµģһؾصСӣȻɺɱۣɼԲ򵥣
Ķ֣ǲţֻܻȥˮƸͷ˵ˡ
似Ȼͬ졭
ˮƸ뿪˼ŷŵս
ۣΪؾڰصǿߣֻϧ似ֻ鼶ƷƷĵ
ȻǿᣬƷ似㳹״ƣ
Ȼۿ˵ؾڰصһˣʵ֮ǰɱڵӣ־磬ԸȻ򵥡
ǶһЩʵǿǿߣҪսʤҲɡ
ⵤҩЧ
ڴʱ̯λǰڵ˵һ˵ע
Χ˲ɽĿͶˣȴڽͷ̧ˣٶǱеֵܿ
ˣȻڣȴ൱㣬˵˧
ȻŶʮӣȴǳ죬һ̧ͷ
ⵤҩ˭Ƶģ
˳ʵ
һλѵүүһʦ磬һ
ۣش˵
磬һ
һ仰ͫؾھصʦ
˵ʵؾھصޣټܶطһץһѣؾھصʦȴǼ亱ˣ
ΪҪ޲츳Ҫгɫ츳
ӵ츳ˣһҪͬʱӵгɫ츳ͷǳˡ
κһؾھصʦ˾Ĵڣ
㡣
֣صĵ˵ͷ
ص磬صˮƸ޽ۣвܡ
Ҫ˵һصʦ֣ΨˣŻ˾ܹܡ
Խؾ˶֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ҽԦ죬أ
˶һԼ

΢Żش
ڵõ˶ԷΣϦɵ˵ҩȷǳãǴ˵ҩϣܿϦɵˮƽ
ȥ飬ɾͺðˣֻϧڱǻһҪ죬ǾȥμᣬҶŪ֡
֣ѵүүںδ
Ԧ죬ȲҪԼǱڱеֵܣЩеʵ
һܴȥһҪȥоҶȰ֮һġ
˵⻰תŽ׹㳡֮ȥ
ѾŮϦ裬һǰҶУ֮ûиһжΪҪˮƸǡ
Ҷ
Χ֮ɫ䣬Ҷǿʮö˲ֵܹĺҩģ˹Ȼ򵥣
˵һؾصǿߣһ̲ͣɱޣһӶ׬ôྦྷˣ


273 ƴ
Ԧ죬ûиǿ뿪ıӰڽ׹㳡ϰĿ
ҶᣬУΪ˶Σʱ䣬Ԧȵ
ȣǵȻǽ׹㳡ˣǣҲֻȫġ
˵ˮƸڣովȻһȾͲҶˣɼǶڽ׹㳡ֻɵ
ӰԦʧ֮ͷһ۱ڱеԼֵܡ
ֵܣѣ¬ޣΪһһͷᾫ֮Ż˶ˡ
¬ޱͷ޾Ԧʩչ˪򣬽¬˱
ȻĻ¬ͶϾͦôһʱ䣬ڣ鶳ס¬ޣǲ񻯵ģһ㣬Ԧ컹㹻ŵġ
һʱ䣬ûд󰭣

뿪˽׹㳡ܿоԼ˶ˣȴδ⡣
ȥҪǰһУҶԵĻ֮ǰ㽫Ū֡
УˮƸǲҪȻĻУ
һУŶԿˮƸ黹еģҪȻҲ̫ʧˡ
ܿ죬һ̤УϦŮڵŮˣŸ˵Ŀ⣬Щ̫ڡ
߰ɣȥһµġ
кһŮ᳡ȥ
ʱ᳡ڲõĹУΪ׼еĹµȻҲ׼š
λˣճʱŻῪʼǲŵġ
Ů᳡ſڣסһ䡣
һǹµģǹҶ
˵
Ҷ
һ㶣漴˵ͷԵȣȥܹ
˵⻰һ˱ת᳡ȥͨˡ
¹ҶҴ⣬֪ܹͨ˵иԭǼȲȻǲҵġ
ûãޱһźɫ۵ӣ߳˽׻᳡һۼŮ
ǣйҶҪң
Ǻɫ۵ӣдһЩͷ֮ɫЩ죬ѯʹҶʵ̫ˣ˲¼ʮˡ
ܳȫΪְʹȻΪ˽֮ҶһüǮҺҶޣ
ͷܹ´ȻҲӡ
УȴԵĲͷ֮ɫرǵŮôʱ
᲻ҪҪǣδˣҲ˵˲Ǳǵˣ
˵˵ĻԲǧ֮ڣûһУȵϱǵĹģˣʱѯҶ£
ܹܣ
ۣδ̫Է̬ȣֱ˵һ£Ҷûпֱǣ
⻰ܹһЦλСֵܣԶΪ˵ôһЦ
ǲЦ
ҡͷ˵ֻ㣬ҶĳټǮʮöˣʮöˣ
۸Ҷ۸ȻҩķǳʵҪˣҲ̫ࡣ
˳۸ߣ˵Ѿ൱ˡ
Σ
ܹܵʮöˣҲĽֱȥѲܸһöˣ
һöˣҶ˵һۣ
ѾﵽҶʵֵ˫۸˸ҳܹܵȻǣɲǰóôྦྷ
Ҫ֪һöˣУæһ궼׬˶
ۿܹйŵĵмδ⣬ֱֻ˵ӻͳһöˣһöˣҲǲܸ㣬ؼǵÿˡ
Է˵ȻǺ£Խʡܶʱ䣬ȥ鷳
Ȼһе϶Ӱ죬ͺ޹ˣҪֻǱ֤Լ
Σʲôϵ
Ϳܹûеˣ
һöˣƾնʮöˣôźɫ۵ܹ˿ڿˮʵ̫ˣ
벻ǰˣȻ˲ƴ֣˾죡
ȻܹԼȴġ
Сֵܣȥͷţȥȥ
ܹܹһЦ漴תΧߺȵλȥŸЪϢһò裿
Щæ׼дȥŸ
ʸŸģǶǴˣ
˲ƴ֣һöֱóʸŸ
Ůһ𣬵еŸܿڵķϲˮ͵ģܵ
к񻹲ܹܣͦ˵ġ
΢΢һЦеķΪ⡣
ڻ˵
ѹ˵׻˵Ʋ¶ףǿˣֲߣȴôྦྷˣУ˵ʲôġ
ӦòɣУôҲǱһģô޳ܲŶԡ
Щ졣
ȴҡҡͷնûо²Ǻܶ
ʵϣΨһҶֵɣֻһǾǱˣϾһؾصСӣóһöˣû˵Ļ˭ţ
֮ܶ±СĽһСıɴ
Ÿ˼ȴѾƮ˷ŵ᳡УոſȥвƷ£ڷں̨
Էʲôͼɵ취С
ǿɲǱĵطڱ߳ķȥϾؾǿ򣬲
ֻһһˣ
š
ܿ죬ܹܵŸ֮⴫ӽŲЩһ
λͣǾõˣеͷͬ⽫Ҷһö˵ļ۸ǣ
ܹܵŸ֮⴫
ɡ
˵
仰ŸűƿȻűһɱ⴫˽
ɱһӲ
ߣ
Ҳ룬һֱӣӳŸſڴ˹ȥ
ţһֻ𰣬һЯϦ裬˫չԥĺ俪ŸĴͷ˳ȥ
ˣ
һȣŸ֮⴫ӱľ飬üź¡źɫֵؾھޣ˽
һۿҪŮ뿪¶һЦʩչ似׷
ԭǻΪҪܣĻƾǼ˵磬׾ٱܽ׷ϡ
ǺܿǷˡ
Ů֮󣬾ȻֱзȥûһҰʧˣ
Сӣӵзս
ܹܺŸĴǰ̧ͷա
ʧˣ
ֵѼӣȻôˣӣȥͷС¶첻õĻܹܵλã²
Ҳ飡
ܹͬʱ֪Լȫ׼
Կ϶϶ΪΪҶ


274 ֮
ŮУܿص˱ǵĽ׹㳡һСȻ¡
̫ˣ벻й⣡
ߺ֮ɫ
ϲ࣬ȻǲʣҲûҪǽˡ
۾
¶Է˵ҶԼμᣬʲôϾа£ȷԭҪѭġ
ǣԷȻֱɱ˽ٲƣΪ˭ܣ
ȻԷˣҲûҪͶԷ˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ־ڱصãȻԷȡᣬҪŪУ
߰ɣȥ׹㳡𰣬Сһ𣬺ԦһС·ǣȥϦϻϡ
ܿ˴㡣
֮ǰϦǵõҩ֮󣬱ǣڱһ߻ϡ
Ҷδ֣ұȽѰ죬ϦŮһ뿪ӵо֮Ԧ죬ǰԼصϡ
ԼʩչһЩֶΣҶŪ֣
ԴûʲôϦ赱Ȼûˣܿ˱жص˱Ľ׹㳡ٴҵ˧Ԧ졣
֣λҵѣ˵ʦСүү
ָָϦ裬ȻԦ˵ڣȴȥүүϣ·;ɵñǡ
ַġ
Ԧ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ΪԼֵ¬ޣҲܶϦ衢ʲô֮ģΣգԦܹƴŮ
˴Ŷס¬޵ǿ飬ܿ뿪˽׹㳡ڱѸת˼Ȧܿ㽫ŵ˦
Ԧ죬ű飬ԼϦŮһСŸȻ뿪
һ֪ٵҲֻбسˣǵس൱ģܽϢˮƸ̻֯
ǳû˱ڣˮƸ󣬻еܹܣȫ鲻Ϣ

ҹĻ١
ȻǸиȻһȺǿţУƺаҪ׷ɱļɱڡ
⼸ؾھصǿߣƾʵ϶޷Կġ
еĿ꣬ɲǶԸЩˣҪҶŪ֣
֪ҪҶ˸ߵҪҶпܲС
ڰУ۾
Ҫ֪ҶĶͱѯеڲԱĻҶ϶ǹر棬ԣҲɢҵ
ѵҪץһеϢ
ǣλȨ֮ˣ϶֪ҶĶλȨ֮ˣ϶ߣٺܹһﵽؾھء
ѡ
ֻʩչӡطˡ
֮ǰ̫ʶĳ֣ԾӡʶĵִЩطʩչ
ڣƺǲҲˡ
һ֮ˣӦò̫ǿ֢
뵽
֮ΧŨ̶ȵѰЧá
֮ǰϦᣬһˣ׹ٲʱԵʱԺиֳپĲļ䣬бʹ֮Ľѧ
˵֮ʩչЧܹһ۱㿴ΧֲҲ֪ǲġ
ţڰֱӰռ˵ķʼڵ׼ʩչ֮
ֻһֻ漰Ӧã˲ҪʲôֻҪзܹʩչ
Ҫ似һӳѧСٵȥ
ûãоԼ˫֮һľ֮͸֮ȥƬ磬Ȼӣ
ƽʱһİ֮УƮһЩҰЩʱŨȱȽϵ͵
Ѱ޷ʩչ֮ط֮ȴܹĴڣ
ûʲô֢
ʱ̾ţһһֱûʲô鷢𽥷
ȥȴڣǻҰһƬ֪֮Уԣ
УЩҰ֮ɫϣȴżֺЩɫĹ㣡
Щ㣬ɫǳŨԽߣͬɫǴʡ
ʵϺҩһΪľˮԣֻѰ˵ԵһԱգԲҪֿ
УȻ࣬öȷ٣
һۿУĹһһ֣ЩǳŨĵҩ
к󷽵һ¥УȻһ۵Ľɫ㣬һӾע
ɫ㣡ǽԵۼҲǺ;֮һĶѵǾҶ
һ
Ҷȷ̺ŽԵҩԣеȻҲһǽԵģæֹͣʩչ֮
ĺʩչʲô֢ڿһлá
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275 Ӱ
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Ҷ
ֱӴľӣһŨҩһʵҶС
ţľӣ䶪˾Ŀռ䣬漴ٶȻص˵ϡ
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֪֮УҶȡߡ
ȵе˷֣Ͳ֪ȥˣЩˣ˭ȡߵҶܲõ
ȻҪռұˣҿɾͲˡ
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˵Ķȷ壬˭öԷ֮£
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ڽҪҶȻڰҹʱֱ͵ˣ֪
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ԣеܹܣſڣͳ顣
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ȻֻСϵʱ䣬Сϵʱ䣬ܹ˵ȴһΪѰһʱ䣡
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ܹ˷ܵǣ飬Ȼ֪Էȥ˺δ
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ܹŵһ亹
¶Ĳ鲻ĻƾͣԻᱻϲƳȥȻⱲӶû˷Ļᡣ
˳İæ˿

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һ·ų⼲ɣڳʱ򣬱˺ϦԼǸˮƣˮԣ
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ȻʱȴȻоһΣյĸоԶѸϮ
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һˣ󳤹鸡֣£һ֧ļµļʸ
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ȥ߰˶Уǿ֮⣬඼ءصޣУ֮ǰûɱ
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Ȼη޷ſ֧ʸӰӵ
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֧Ӱ֮оױӡһ˿һ޷ãȻҲ޷ʩչκ似ˡ
ڵȸܿɢֻʣǶ̫Ȼڲڡ
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ΪѾԶмֱжӰôϤȻǰ׷СѾͷϦ裡
һˣ˧Ԧ죬ͬﵽؾھأ


276 Ϲⷨ
ۣв²ţԦ죬ҲҺԣ
Ԧ첻ҺԣôϦ裬ӲЩڵӵġ
һԦɾͿ϶ȲԼֵ¬ˡ
ĺԣô˵Ԧ;ڱȥһпܱ֮ԣҼ
֪Ԧʲôѡ
ʵѾ˴Ŵ𰸣һΪֵϧ֮ˣʱ
Ȼһ
Ӹߴ׹䣬ˤڵأҳȫ׵˸ֵŴӸߴ׹ĳ
ɾװӸߴ׹ȫûܵκˡ
ȻӰȴȻ֧Ӱס˶޷
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ڵʦ֣ϹŵЦݣȻ˳񱼶
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Ԧ챼жһۼЩһеһ
𰡢ϦദôһСʱ䣬ȻЩ˽⣬ϦаԸ̲סЩ
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Ϲһ˶ʱҪܡ
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Ԧкһһ̧֣ϹɵĹһ·̩ͬɽѹһ㣬תܵʦֵͷȥ
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ԦˣǽһȺӬһȫûϣתվЦһЦ
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Ԧ̯̯֣Цֵ¬ޣҪڣȴ˱Ӿܾڣ˵ǱţȻȴ港ܣ˥֮ղԶ
ԭˡ
ҲһЦ
óԦ¬ޣҪڵʱ֮ܵ˵꣬ǺǱЩԹ
˵λʦǰʱ
Ԧת˻ʵ
⼸ɣ̫õġ
˵
ʵϣ֮ǰϦɺԼǽ죬Ϊ˷ֹ⣬δֱ˵͵˵⼸졣
Ϊ˷ֹһϦûԦƭļɾͲ̫ˡ
ţǱڴ˵Ⱥա
Ԧ˵ͷ
漴˿ʼһ֣һȺ߸ӵʬȫţһԹ֮С
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ˣЩʱʱʬð֮˶ԴҲϰΪˡ
Щʬδеõʲôö
ڵӺ񶼺Ϻٴս֮ĶǮƣҲֻǧöң˵Ȼǿϵġ
֮Ϊʡһöˡ
š
ôҶ𣿡
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ˡ
΢΢һЦ
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ԴˣԦҲŮ˵ˣʱҲ˵ͷɱУԼǱڴ忪죬һֱǿӲ磬཭亦־ȻܴжҶ
ֹˡ
һ˵ţһüͷ΢塣
תȥűǹķһȥȴһȺɫεޣڲԭѸٳ߱ж
ķΣʶǱˮƸˣ
ЩҲǳġ
Ԧüͷ΢壬תȥվǰ棺Ըǡ
ˣΪ˶֮ˣаգ
ۡ
Ӧû⣬ЩආɶҪܸ㶨ˡ
Ԧ˵
Щආءصޣ˵Ҳǲ⡣
һ㣬Ԧ쵹ǿԿ϶ģΪۼɱصˮƸǿߣۣ


277 
ˮƸϮģܹһȺʮˣǿߣԼء
һʵڱУ൱ǿˣˮƸΪ˶ԸԦǣȻɳôһȺˣɼԦ൱ɵ
Ϲ챮ɲ˵ЦģѰ֮ˣԦĶ֡
ȻǶˣΪǿ񲻿գ
ԦһЦ̤ǰӭȺˮƸ֮ˣ
Ȼ֪Էô׷ģʱ˿ҲֻԷһ·ߡ
ϾǻҪȴϦɣ뿪ĻʱҲô죿
οܷܣҲܴԦԼǱеֵ¬ޣ
һսעҪġ
Ԧ̤ǰûһȥ˶ԷʮɷΧ֮ڣ漴һ֣ɫԴȫɢΧռȫȾһƬɫ
Ϲ򣡡
Ԧһ㸡ֳһͷɫӣ۵ʵ壡
ڼһһ㽫ͷųǿϹⷨ
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Сӣˣ
߸ݵޣЦ̤𰡢Ϧ裬ɫһ䡣
𰣬С裬˺󣡡
˵֪ҪסصǿߣΨУ𰻹Ϧ裬ǶԷ֣
ߡ

ۿһˣ׼һɷǿߣг˵ǣΣ뿴£뿴Σգ
УԶһЩҡ
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٣һСʱܹģ
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Сӣŵ
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ʩչ似ȴûܹ赲ʱǼ˽ȥͬ߷һ㱻ɵ˰ա

磡
棬ϦŮʱһ
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Ȫ֮飬Ȫ֮·ͬʱǰֱӳڰ˼Ҫסǲ˼̼㵽˰˼ǰ
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ڣȴ֪ƾһоɱ˼޷ˣ
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˼Լгһӣʱһ㼲֮һֲľ֮ȫȫֵסˡ
űĵһֲȴҲûԽؾ磬ɱؾھصİ˼
Ĺƣûꡣ
ۿһȺ޶Լкâһ׹֮Уʩչűĵڶ



278 
űСɾ磬ʩչڶ
һڰ˼ը죡
ڸոը죬ð˼ͷͣǷӦÿ죬ʩչ֮ϡ
һð˼ণæ磬źٶ˿ȥ
Ȼȴ֪űĵڶܹΨһαƣ߱ƻġ
һ԰˼ֻǻٵģ

ڶһκȻ쳹񷣬Щڶޣһɲ˿ȥ
ǿɶۼһ֮󣬾صİ˼Ǻ䤱æȴ
ЩһҴ˼ȥֵЩը죿

һĻǰԦУˬʵĴЦ
ԭΪؾھصǿ߰˼϶ֵס
ڿ̫͹ˣ
ȻӲؾأصǿ߰˼Ȼ࣬ð˼ͷ亹ˡ
Ԧû˺֮ǣϹ˲䳯Χɢȥ
Ϲ鱪޵
Ԧ챬ȫǱϹ鱪飬˲䷢һŭɫâɵУ鼶Ʒս޵ѳѺۣ
ڵӲ־ù鼶ƷսֵԷĴļꡢһǣЩ鼶ƷսȴԷһٴݻ١
ڣԦЩɫâɵĵУɱȲ־似ǿö࣬ͬ鼶Ʒս޵Ȼܹơ
޵ס˵սԺͻָǳǿᡣ
ԦЩɫи֮޵ȻܿԶָ
˼㻹ʲôϽСӽǣ
ϴŵ̵ޣ˼¾ȻˣһǳĴߴٵ
޵Ԧһδ˺ѣܿҪ֧Ųס˼ܿٽĻһԦѣЩ˶
Сӣеаţ
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Ȼüֵ֮űƻľ״̬ȴüΪã·𾪹֮һ֮ʶ
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̤ǰһͬװ㣬˶ը죡
˼˼˿һ˶þɲ
ǰСʵ̫аˣ

̤ǰһѹס˶Էһ˼ŵ˺ü
һصСӣʲôаŵģ
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˼г裬ʱ磬Ϯɱ
ͬʱЩءصޣҲһΧһԲȦһ𣬳Χɱ
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ȴ֪պøõһ򾡵Ļᣡ
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䣡䣡䣡䣡
ͬһ㣬ڰ˼ʮ޵Ķը죬Уһ̺űƻġ
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֮˲䱬һڹϢȫ
εľ˼ʮ޳У޾֮ʴȫ
һ̣ҽж޷һصأ
Ҳֻؾھصǿ߰˼΢һúĳϴСˣթҡҡҲˡ
һ仰֮г˵ϣƤڣ֮ʴȫ
Ǽֵ֮סűĵڶ
ļ似Ȼͬ죬ŵС֮ȻҿԽ磬ܰ˼
ű似Լ𾪡
ȻţȴΪ̣޷ʩչűĵһЩ֮˲䷴ɣȫסˡ
ʩչűĺ֢¶
ãʩչһк󣬽˼ڵʮޣһٽʱϦΣ
磡
ϦæҪһûˡ
Ȼܹţȴ޷һȥһ
æϸС֣סܿ췢ֻ޷ʶѵġ
ʱ˵ޱȵǣʲô鷳
𰲻ǵһμ֮ǰںɽȵʱӳĪǰ
İС裬Ӧûʲô£ʱͻȫָˡ
𰰲οһϦ˿
ʩչűɱ˰˼ǿߵһĻʱ㽫ʣסԦ޾ˡ
Ϲŵ̵ޣڲţոհ˼˵ġСеаšʲô˼
еаţ
رаţаŵ˼£
ؾصСӣɱھصǿߣ
飬Ǵǰ붼룡
ߣ
һʱ׼Ŀܡ
˵ʲô飬һͻ޵Ԧ죬Ǿ;ԲǶˣٴȥĻ˵
ͬһתܣٲᱻ޵סԦ졣
ˮƸҪǵȴҪ
ƣ
Ԧһȣ֮ûά޵£ͻ޵
һȥ˺ܿһԶˣ׷ȥҲ׷ˡ
֣Σ
Ԧ̻عͷڴ
ոȻܺɱصİ˼Ԧͷֻǽֱͦͦ£һݡ
ɲ
ڲ˵ʶȴѵģֻҪȰʱָܻˡ
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Ǿͺá
ԦԣҲ˿
ţһޱǿϢȴԶ𽥽ԦһӱýӲ
̧ͷһȴӱǷ򣬺ƺƵȻɱһ
һΣһˮƸʮ޸¡ء
ǣ
ԦվϸֳһĨԳ
ΪܾЩһأȴû뵽һһһһǿ


279 ·ת
ˮƸոܵޣҲζ飬¸˻
УˮƸ֮⣬ȫɱеˣǱ͵Ҷûа취ǳ֡
һȺˣܹʮˣǰͷΪ׵ģȻһնеĺɫӰһɫߣ˫͸ϣġ
˱Ǳǳ̤ؾǿߣ
ؾǿߣԦôǿᣬǶˣⲻǻϵĲ࣬ǾϵĲࡣ
˵޷֣ȫʢ״̬ʱҲܺؾǿ࿹⡣
군ˡ
ԦۿŶԷѸٽӽапࡣ
ؾǿǰҪܣǲܵ£
ԣԦԭվţպ鼶Ʒս޵ŶԷ
ΨһϣǳȽϽĻпԷһ
˵ǳǵʱ˽Ҳ֪ǲġ
Ԧš
ЩǴţǳ¶棬֪ǲʵ
ûãһϮ۵ıǳѾԽɾ룬Ԧǰ
Ҷڣ
ǳȻǿʢȴδѹˣǳһ䡣
Ӧһӣ͸¶ȵ̬
ؾǿߣǳҲδڿУӸµ˵˵ϡ

Ԧ컹δ˵ͷѳ
ʱ˿̣˷ھԵǰô޼µģΨһ·ǺͶԷ
Ŷ
۳һ̧ͷµ˫۱ɨһۣұҰûɣ
ڱҰģƺǰɣ
𰷴һ䡣
˵
ʱɱеܹһ˳ڳָ޺޵СӳŰҹеҶ͵ߣѵڱҰ
ңСӻڽ׹㳡˵棬ˮƸĽۺɱǸûﰡ
ˮƸĵޣҲǽ˵˳һߡ
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ԦԴ·ǳһ
ǿԡ
˰֣ʾ׷£ת˵ұԣȴǻ˹أǻǽҶһȥܷ
㲻ֱɱˡ
һмҪеˣô˵ɣװʲôˣ
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ǳЦһѲɣɱ֮˻֮ˣ
Ƿϻ
ɱеܹܣҧгݵɱеѾʼˣòҶɾʹǵ󰡣
š
˵ͷƶȻһ䣺Ǽ콫Ҷ
˫ۣ˸һɨһѹüͷһ
Ҷ޲ɡ
ȻǿѹȴȻǿҧС˵־ȴǲ
ʲôģ

Ҷ㹺ǲǾ͵Ƚɡ
𰰺˵ֻǣܹǵȺǵȴǵϮɱɱ֮ˣǼ⣡

ϦҲ׳ŵӣ˵һ䣺Ҫɣͱɱˣ
£
ƺЩ⡣
ˣǺ˵
ܹæɱУǶˣʲôƷԣô˵޳֮£
԰
̱һɱе˵ʱֻǴ˽ȥǣøǣҶǰǣǱƴͷԣ
ߣҶбҪôˣɱڵſڣ
𰲻м
˫ִһʣǳδ룬ֻǵǱ㽫ҶʵȻ˳
Ϊؾǿߣǳﵢʲôʱ䡣
ֻҶ׷Ҫ˶Ӱ˱ǵͿˣ֮飬ȥˣαزģ
Ľ취Ȼ
ƾʲôɱ֮˼⣬ɱ˽ٲƣڻڴҫ
ͦģ֮ȴ˵ˡ
֮ˣǻƫ̻ڵɱУȥĻλ˵
ϽҶ˵һ
ܹܵ˵
гʤȯգҶܲˣ
˵⻰ʱȴɱ֣ȻֻҪһߣ϶Ȼˣǰȫɱˡ
ܹܵӣϦбһŭ
Ȼؾıǳڳǿ϶û취ֵġ
ҶѵҪˣ
ʵϣȥҲûʲôһУ֡
ȴ£
ӣͷˣôô֣
ڴʱһϤЩĴӺͷ˹ڳ˵ע
ϦɣϦϣ
Ȼ岻ܶȴϦϵвһ
ϦϣȻʱˣ
ǣϦϣؾǿߣҲ϶û˿ʤ㡣
үү
ϦһϲæվһۼϦУԡ
ϦɣһۣУȻδ̤ؾ˵ƣȴ˿ǳ
ιͷ˵ĺ̨ɽ
ܹܲδֱǳ仯һϦɣʱһмЦΪϲļһĺ󱲣͵֮£
Ц
Ϧɿܹһۣǿɱ˽ٲƣͲ˽ǵĲƣ
϶ǳǰҲţ
ܹһ
졣
ʱǳͻȻһȣƶȻɢܹӡ
һĻɱ˾Ī
ô£Ϊʲôܹ׺ݣոջǰ˵ţ
Ϧϣû뵽ҪҶ
ǳ¶֮ɫϦɾ˸
⹧ģڳ˶ɴ۾
𰡢Ԧ죬ȫû뵽ǳȻϵϦϣһ˹
Ԧһϲӣͷе͡
ֵ¬ޣоˣ
龰ȫǷ·ת
ȻˣҶߺˡ
ǳֱ˵˵
ȻϦɵƷ£ϦϵˣҲ͵֮£飬Σ
пܣͬ˵ģɱ֮ˣ⣬Ҫɱ˽ٲƣ
Ϊ㻻˭ܵˣ
ˣɱУһˡ
Ϧɣȴǳĺ⣬ǵ˵ҶȥҪҵˣףһܲ
ⳡɱеһð亹
ǳȻϵͻȻֵͷ
ƺͷмͷ
ǣȻҪͷŮɱֽٲƣ


280 ֳ
ڵıǳһˣϦ֮󣬶ʱûƢ
ȻϦΪصʦλؾıǳܹݣ
ţѾ֪ϦɵĴ㡣
黹ҶϦϲռɱеıˣдŮļһԻһ
һǱǳҲûκɣȥֹϦɱ
ûãоȫգűСɾ磬֢ʱһ롣
һʱ䣬Ѿܹˡ
űԽΣ֢ʱԽ̣Ǵﵽк֢֡
ű˸ε˽⣬ϧǣҲڶʱڽ似
ǳҶһ뿪֮Ϧɱȥ鿴һ±е¬ޡ
СӣֵܻоȣҪһЩҩġ
ܿ죬Ϧɱó˽ۣۣȻԦϲ⡣
ǰָ̣ҪЩҩģ
ֻҪоȣԦ߾ȫȥ죡
ⷽӣȥһЩҩݸңȻɱҡ
Ϧȡһö򣬽ҪҩдȥȻתߣСô
ûˡ
պÿ˵ȴеɳơ
֣ˡ
Ԧһʱˣ˷֮ɫǰһոʲô似ˣеľսģ
űƷҲ̫
˵似ȴδ͸¶ļƷϾƷ似ʹ½ûгֹģ˵Ҳ
Խؾ֣ܶ似Բֹ
Ϧȴ۾Сӣű似ǵؼ似
鼶ؼ켶
𣬱ʹ½似Ʒÿ𣬶ΪƷԼȽϡٵĳƷƷ似
켶似ʹ½޼˵ֻʥԺбżûʲôܹΪ켶似ʵ̫ˡ
ܹؼ似ģʹ½Ѿһǿߣվʹ½˵
ǵؼƷ似ЩǿĲ֮ء
ŵ似Ѱؾޣ似ˣϦ֪ûűôǿᡣ
ؼ似
Ԧ۷Ź⣬Ϲ챮ѧ似ǿҲ鼶ƷǷǧ࣬Ŵһǰѧġ
似˵Ѿ쳣󣬻붼ġ
Ȼȴּʩչ˵ؼ似
ԭǿ似ֲܿԽ磬ɱصİ˼
ԦͷΪȻ
ʵϣϦɻˣµһűǳԽ켶似ĲΣǴļ似
ʹ½û֪ʲô似ڴˣûҪϦɡԦˡ
߰ɣʱȥɱһ˵ˡ
Ϧкâһ
ڱ߳ǵʱ򣬱߳ٳϦ裬뽫׸ڵĵӣϦŭȻֶ֮Σ߳Ƕʧأ
ڣɱоȻΪϦ֣Ϧһγŭ
Ҷʵֲһҩݵĵطն񣬶ҳ֮վ졣
òصĲҩͬʱ֣κһԲϦ
ȴû뵽⵽⣬ûʹ粽У
ڣСʵ벻ܻ֮ˡ
ϦɶԽԽˣο㻹ʱգضܹʹ½
ʹ½ûʲô뷨
˵㹻ʵ֮Ҫļ飬֮һʣҪȥƹү
֮⣬ҪǰͱԺؾǿ쳽УС
쳽ߣΪβ顭Ҳ֪ڳôˣ
һ飬͸оԲ
£˵վһ裡
裬Ψеʵǿ֮󣬲ܹԵϴˢӣƺرңԶ
һʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ʥѡͽҪʼˡ
ֻҪͨʥѡ̤ͱԺ쳽棬ҵ
ܰ˼ͨޣֵеĿ꣬ǳϦɶ޷
ʹ½֮磬֮Ĳ䣬Ů
һеһУڵȥ̽Ѱ
֮⣬ĸ䡣
Ȼδһĸĸȴ̫಻֮ԩЩԩΪϴˢ
ǣܿͳǰ
һ̤ǣһȻͬ
֮ϦֱֱɱȥڱǳԵʣɱ͸׼
𰡢ϦˣϦɽ׼Ҷ
Ԧ죬ȥ׹㳡ȥϦɽЩҩǽгЩȻӦоС
Ϧɵˮƽ㹻ЩƳɵȻԦֵܣ¬ˡ

ɱУɵĽš
Ϧɵĵ˴ᣬǳԲμӣලһС
£ɱУȻκε֮
ףǵһֱȽϺĵҩƷСֵܣӦûδùɣ
Ϧɺָܿųһöҩʵ
ûзùĵҩкֵܴ˵ֵǳѰ޵ֹΪܹƾӡҩҩա
ûùǵ̺ҩӦеӼͣЧƺ۲öˡ
۾ҲЩȤ
ȻԼҲѾʦЩҩƳģǵϦɶ֪ĺҩ
ĻԲ
öˡ
ֱӳۡ
һöҩλľˣ϶ǺܻģȻʵϣ۸Ѿˣֻڵƴ֣ô㾧˻㲻ʲô
ȥϦɸһöˣԼ߰ʮöˣöҩȫûʲô⡣
ûãԾö˵ļ۸񣬽öǵС
ϦɵļʶûƵĵҩ࣬ϣҲǵһֵҩϦϲƵģ
ĵҩսϦɵ˵һöûС
ûã㵽Ҷʱ
ܹܣһľӣ̨ʼҶĹЧ亱֮
մﵽ˸߳ϾкܶĴǳҶģ
е㲻Ծ
ȴͻȻ۾Ȼʩչ֮
ӣȻ֣ܹŵľľУûҶĴڣ
̧ͷΧɨһִۣҶڵĽɫ㣬Ӳ뿪ɱе
ƺˣʹõ֮ƣ͵Ҷ
ܹڣƺ˹
벻ҶսǴͱ͵ߣҶɲֹһҡ
Ϧһʱվ
Ҷ̤ؾĹؼñ˾͵ߣ


281 Ҷ֮
һҶ˵̱㽫֪Ϧɡ
Ϧûκγɣ˲ʩչ似Уһ˸㳯ɱ̤֮гȥ
һĻ᳡֮˳һ
Ҷ֮ǰѾвڵ˵ҶѾԤһͱǳйأ
Ȼ˻Ҫһ£ȴ̫ϣˡ
ڣȴŸ֮УһصͷҶʼʱֱӳ᳡
ǸŸ󣬲˵ԤҶôտʼ˾뿪˻᳡
㿴ǳ뿪Ÿ󣡡
⵽ô£Ҷ
˽᳡ʼû
ǳźۣźɫߣҲһ뿪᳡Ϧȥ
֪Ϧʱѡȥ˲ִ٣϶Ƿʲô£
үү
ϦվϦ뿪Щż
С£ϦϺܿͻġ
֮˫ۻָοһСѾͷ
벻һҶȻ˶˴⡣
΢΢̾˿
𰣬⿴һС裬ҳȥܿ
˵꣬վ̫չֱ᳡֮ȥ
Ҳ֪˭Ҷˣ

֮Ľֵϣһˣҡڵȥ
һˣֳֻᦣһؾھصǿߣһ۵Ĺͷ൱׶
ˣȻ֮ǰ߳ıڣ
һˣǸŽ۵ߣ˫ͻͷϡ裬էһۿȥǸнľͷ
ȻȴͬһصǿߣҿݻҪߵö࣡
ڻһˣǸһ㣬źɫ񣬳֮⣬޷һ˿һ
Ҫǣûκܹ磡
ߵУһޱȵĺӣװŵģȻҶ
ˣҶȻû˿أҡڵڽϣҪ뿪ǡ
վס
ϦɵӺͷһӽٵ˸ǰɨһۡ
أһ粻
ڱǣӦûʲôܹ˷Ͼǳںͷء
ͷʲô
ֳֻᦵĹͷ΢̣ȫûнϦɷ
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Ϧûһϻֱ˵
ƾ㣿
Ц·ЦǸǣǱԣ򣬱㲻Ҫ˵ϻ
ϦһδΪԷӶŭüͷ΢塣
ӶԷͱУ˾ԵţţûɵģΨһĹŹ֮źɫˡ
ϦɶԷ磬ҪôΪطҪôǶԷ糬̫ࡣ
Ȼٳʲôǿߣ˵һһ̤ؾ߽׵ǿأ
ȻʺܵͣҲǲܣ
Ļ¶ɾ鷳ˣ˵һϦɣǱǳܸö
סԷ
ұҰǻòͷô
ǳʱϵź۵ӰϦɲŶɫ֮˫͸һĨŭ
˵ڱҰǺܾöûгֹˡ
УڱҰˣһֶֻù
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ֳֻᦵĹͷ۾ЩмӣʶĻڱÿȻȻܶˡ
˵ƣǳܵס
ЩɵԷʵҲ޶Եġ
ǾʲôˣҲұ
һ
ǱֻھҪŵƨ
ٺһЦ˵ĻǾ̫ûˣǲҪĺáôǲһѣʵأƣ
⻰ڽǳӣϷˣ
ʱ˿̣ǳôҲ̶Էȥ
Ҫ֪ڣǱǵĴϣһֵϣΧڿߣ
ǳڷҪҪȥˣ
һûŵĳǱʧܵĳ
ˣԺҲƣָõΣ
ߣͷ¶βС֮
һٲԥһ̧֣ͷųڳؾǿơ
һ˲䣬ֵ϶һϢ·ֻҪһ֣ڵĿռ䶼ᱬһ㡣
Ǳǳķձ
Χƣرǽطȫ͸Ϊ֮ͱѰؾǿʮֹ
ܵһɿֲʮĹͷЩˡ
еѰ̤ؾļһҪǿôһ㡣
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һƣǵϢǵǣ֮ʤ
ǳʱ֪ߵˡ
ʹ½ߴǣÿһǾžޣȴ˵ǿߣ֮ʤߴʵȻͬ죡
𵱳ǺҶ֣֮ʤȻҪǿ̫࣡
ǳ仰һӵ˶Էݣø޶ʱʧɫ
ߴǣȻߴ֮ˣ
̼䣬в̳Զ˿ȥߴǣǿǽĴˣÿϣմȾ˵Ѫ
Ǹ޷ƵסԼеĿ־壬˿ֲײеǿߣûκ˵ʸ
ģΨ˵ԶԶģӶסԼ
Ҳ̫ҼˣҼ˵һ仰أ
ǺɫˣͷһɳƵЦ
ӣ
⻰Χ΢΢һ㶡
ô˵ɫ˻ǰ֮ʤ£
ߴǵһ£ӵǿʵǱǳƣ̤ܽһ㽫飡
֮£ߴر֮һɡ
ǳ˶Էݣ˱ǰδеѹϦϣˣҶǶ֣Ҷϣ޶صĻᡭһ뿪ɣȣգƴҲҪΪֵ


282 һ
ͬΪؾǿߣȻҲǿ֮֡
̤ؾ֮󣬱㲻ؾؾΪˣĻַʽ֪
ϵֳȴؾǿߵĶԿüͷ΢塣
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վԶϸһɫˣƣҪ֮ǰǺҶ֡쳽Ҫǿᣡ
⣬ȴֻǰ֮ʤߴ֮һ
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ţϦϦϣδʲôɣֱ߻ͷ
ֻϦһˣδػ±ǳܣڣϦϵŮҲôܶԼŮ
ҪߣҪϦһߡ
֮ʤΪߴ֮һԸΪײɱΪ£ȻҲһ
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ҪϦִҪһöûУڼȻϦˣȫԸԸ֮ʤߴ֮һ
ؾǿߵĴս
ΧнޡӵܵȵȣȫźѸ˿ûãԲ֮ڣѾûκӰ
սصǿ߶޷УŽ۵ĿߣԼֳֻᦵĹͷҲ˿һЩⱻ
һֲ˲ڳڱ·ضΪ֮
ؾǿ֮սڳױ

ʱϦѾصɱС
ʱ˿̣˶Ѿ֪ҶѾ˵ȡ֮ߴ֮һ֮ʤ£
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ߡ
ϦɳһȣЯŮϦ裬ɱеݶһӱݶзˡ
һ§ס˫һչɵ֮С
ɡ
Щؾޣ׷
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286 ̤֮ʯ
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˵˵ţױ㲻ҡͷСֵܣڴ˳ǵңǿЩ뿪Ϊã˶ˣɾ߶߲ˡ
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ԣǵһμܹԽؾ磬ֵܶģ˵Եĸͳ𣬱ǿؾ磡
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ոһֻ̽һ£һУǴﵽԲѪ֮ǹ
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ȸ֮裬ȸ
һ˲䣬·һԺɫһӱ˰͸״
һ̣ȥһλ棬Ȼܹκζ޷ֹ似


287 ɱ
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أѾ죬ǵһﵽءأ̤˺һָ֮һֲĴڣ
ˡ
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Ȼʱȴ΢΢һ̡
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Цһ漴һ̧֣ͷ̫֮˲תһһɱ⣬ȻϵĳϮȥ
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УǽСܾˣܽˣԼҲûǷأƾķ似Ҳ޷׵סЩ⡭
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288 Ǳ
ɱΧϮȻһ⡣
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ΪǳȻûֵɱ⣬пܱ׻飬Ļ¶һ;Ӱʵ̫ˡ
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Ҳһݣһеǿ֮
ոʩչȸʱڿ϶ʩչڶεģҪⱻһѪɫΨжһ;
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ڵϣһѪɫһӱή
ѪȻǣ飬ʱ˿̾Ȼɱʵñ飬û뵽ġ
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ڴ֮ǰȾͲŹˣУֻҪܹĺ󻼣ǾԲöԷġ

ű߳ǽֵϷɵһξ룬漴ɱϯ
һɱУĿαһƬ˪ǣ۾ء
û뵽ԼһصСУ
վ˳ڽֵϣȺ׷ȥһ˿˺Щ롣
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ƹҴӴƹ׼ȥƹμʥѡʸ񡣡
ʵ档
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һʱȻ
ƹڱ˵ǸСңҪ뿪ȥƹЩԽܡ
Ҫ֪ʹ½ΪʵǴһС
С֮СΪû㹻ǿߣԼĵ̣ȻҲһЩСûŵ˼˵ԽСʵԽûġ
޻ױԿóȴƹҪõöࡣ
ڱؾڰءھصǿߣڴƹر֮رүˡ
ˣؾǿߵƹ϶ҲԶԶȲϱġ
ǰҪߵĻھҪҪȻɾˡ
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׻عͷȥһֳǺĶԣҧ˵ͷߣ
Ѿǳ֮ڱ߳ƴһƴ
ȻҪȥƹСңȴǼΪǿᣬǱ
ƾɱʵʥԺûκġ
ܹδˣԸһѣ
ܹдɾͣôףҲ϶ܿ


289 ±Ǩ
ûеȱ߳ڵҷӦ׺ˣֱӳŸ߿շһһѸԶ˱߳ǡ
˴ӿ뿪߳ûκ֪ǽҪǰη
ڱ߳ǣնɱҳĸͳ𣬾ԻҼǺޣ´Ҵ򽻵пܱʥѡ֮Уţǿס
ǿϧˡ
ڹȥ;УЩơ
ԭһ̤ʯģϧ̫ЩصУڵ׵ĲΡ
һһûܽǱؾأṳ̂롣
δż
飬϶֮ܲʥѡʸıһ£ʱ䣬лġ
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Цһ̤ǰؽάǰ
һĻóСѩµ߸һĪ
صСô£Ȼվȥصسǽؽά


290 ѻ
Сѩ˶û뵽ʱԼվؽάһȺ缢ƿʵĻǽޡ
Сѩ֪Ըؽάûʲô⣬ܿ϶ͻлǵϳ֡
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Щһ
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һˣɽͻʿˣͬһʱӣϮԴ߶似
ڿֻϧ
ɨһ۶ںͷķ£δȥ
ŮˣܶܺԸ϶ûôס
ۡʿɽ˵ɱ޾⣬һ̧֣֮Ҳͷ˳
½棬취̫ͬʱС
ķȫֻ͵Ļʯ򣬴ʱ˿̣˼һ𣬶ѹƵġ
ɱ⡣
һ̧֣ɱЯ˪Ϣ㳯Ϯȥ
֪ԭ׼ĹֶΨתΪֶΣһ߷Щ⣬һȥ
Щ׼ɱ⵹ûֱܽնɱȴҲϾˣ˵ǼնɱˣǵֵЩɱⶼǼΪѡ
һȥɫ̫á
סСӹңضάֲ˶ãֻҪȥʤ
۳˵Ѿͷųһͷʨ飬ȻȴȻڽڰˣɱƻʵԵֵΨкˣܱ֤Լȫ
ɽ䣬ϵ鸡֣ٶȼ죬ȴҲ첻ɱ⣬ΨлжϵϵֵΪԼӮһЩдᡣ
ʿ͸ˡ
꽣ڵֶζǽԹ˶Էǳʱ˿ֻ̣ܲʩչ似Щɱ⣬ֵ
ۿڳ֣֣ͷޱȵ𾪣


298 ֮λ
һ֣ȴ־ɱһ
ˣƺ̫ҳˣȻѹţڴ˵һĴ
ڣôһ
ʱˡ
΢̣һʱҲǳɣûʲôѹ
ţһ̧֣߶˲佫ɱһ䲻ĳɽϮȥ
Щɱ⣬ۡɽͻʿ֣ſֵܹ
һ֣˲佫ƻӿɽһˣ
ɽ⧲˶Щɱ֣У˲㻯Ϊһɥ
ȻۺͻʿҲ̫ץסᣬʩչȫһ
ˮĻ
ŲˮĻһӱֵסʨɱԼʿߵ貽â

ۼ״ɫüΪ
˳֣ȻС׵նɱֱǴԴӿ裡
Ҫǣ֪ƾͻʿˣҪԸĻѾˡ
˵С˼սض飬ֻǿӣȴӡ
ģ۲ҽȥðˡ
ոкɱĿһֵסô˵ԼվҪģʲôĵΡ
һˣֱȥʿҲһ뷨ûκԥͺ֮ǰǧһ˺˴Ⱥ֮С
ȻǶǶ֣һŮ͸Ƕˡ
ֱӳˣһϮµķ±㵭һЦͬƮˡ
´⣬һֱǵȱ˳ǰͷлᣬϣҲֱߡ
̣ǴĺܺãվԼΣ֮أ
һºۡʿĹϵ϶ͻúܲãȻ˹ϵãҲܺù
ԼսӦѾӮɣ
۾̧ͷ̡
̽ԼŮ¶Ǳӣ˶÷ˣŶ׹⡣
һ֮ս٣ɸҳһս
֪ıΪڰһ֣ҪȻĻڵɾͶˡ
Ը٣̵Ȼʮģ
׺ݵĿһۣҪܶԸǰͲõ飬Ҳ֪Сӣĺܣ϶Ϻϡ
Ͼؾھصǿߣ
ŮˣҰɡ
Ȼ벻ǣȻȻվڳУĿֱ̣
ǰУŮΪ˾ԼŮԲֽҴˣ𣬽
Ļ·һ㣬Χ˶ը졣
СӣȻҪս̣
Ҳ̫Щɣ
Ҫ֪̿ؾھصǿߣأ
ܹնɱϣҽʣˣ֮䣬վĲࡣ
Сӣ㡭
ٴʱҲЩ͸ˣ¶ɻɫ
ѲɣСŶԸ̣
˵ڵʵѾԽ٣
뵽ͷȻʣЦһȻˣӽտʼ֮λ㽻ˣڵ֮սҲ㣡
仰һʱȫ˶ס˺һ
Сӣõڵ֮λ
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æ˵գֻΪڵӣΪŽΧҵϣǵҲûʲôҵȴǲɣ
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СӣЦΪĶӣ츳ȷЩĪڵҷģ
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˵ףǲϲϻãǳΪǿɾͱˣԸ⣿
٣ȻҲ˼һ˼Ȼˣ㵱ڵĸɣһսҲ֮С
á
ŵͷӦˡ
֪Ǹɣ̶սڽΧԭнڽ뷨ڼ̬֮󣬱ͷ
˵ⷬԻΧ˶ɴۡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
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ȴģ뵱ֻ˸֮λ
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ǰһһϲ
ԭźûԸأھȻǰ̨ǸһնɱĻᣡ
٣벻ͣȻҲƣ̣
һߵУһ߳Ц˵
ǲǵƣȻ֪ˡ
۾Сӣû̵ĳ
ţ㹻ʵ̶Կġ
ǧվڴȺУŶ׹⣬СӣȻڳǱӣձ
صĸ׳֣㻹ôӣ
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Ŀ⣬ӶУֻܿʣһˡ
̣Ҹ׵Ĳ£һ֣ΪҸûѡ㡭
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롣
ԣɫһ
仰һӹĵ顣
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𣬼ͷƫƫ̤ÿһںݺݵĴ
ԭԼŮг֧֣϶ܹԽΪĽ
ȴû뵽Сӱûʲô֧֣ҲѸٵӵ˿ֲսŮԶԶ˦ںͷ
ڣڱԳܶԸ
˵ѾеʧܣȻʧܣҲù
һ˵ĶӣҲʸ˵ֻЦ
һ׺ɫ֣漴һ̧֣㹴ճǧ˿Ӱһž
ΪصǿߣһУʩչȷǧҪǿࡣ
Ȼ˵Ҳ˶ѡ
ƾǧ˿ڵֶΣԸңδ̫ˡ
һ̧֣̫֮ɱȻɳ˲㽫Ӱѣ
ʲôֶΣʹɣûеĻذɡ
ͦ˵⻰ÿһ֣ô֮˾
Ŷʮ꣬ؾء
̣ؾھأѾ̤ʮ꣬ǰȻָű˵ذɣ

һȻͬϣŮ˻صɱﵣ
ΪŮˣȻһЩԴǵҩ似ķ棬õĶǧ١
һֻ̣оȫƶȻһ䣬·һ߽١
Ȼạ̊́Ҳǧһ˴ʾ˻߷


299 ֮
¶ԼƣЩȤ
񼶵Ļ⵹ǱǷѻѰ£ѻһЩЩսԡ
۾
񼶵ķؾھصΪܹӳȻѻǿ˵һõᡣ
֮⣬˿ɾͲôˡ
ˣȻǴʾ򣡡
ɫ䣬Ȼ֪ҵĴʾǶôǿһرؾھصУܷӳֲܣ
ֵܹס
ĸʾӣɱҸãĻֻһҪɱΪǴﵽ۷壡
ȺУǧ¶Ц·ѾԼĸ׳ѹĵĳ
ôģ춼ɣ
ǧ񶾵뵽е˫гڴ֮ɫ
и֣ӶȻˣǴԭ볹״ڣȴû뵽ɱһУеòʧ
۵ˣѾʼĬĬ˼Žĵʧ
ʦܣǳŲסɣ̣ˣ
ʱ˿̣ǶĵĲУ̲ס˵̵Ļ£ֵס
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ڴƻʳУĸףһаŵĵħ֣ʱᱬһʹ½ݡ
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ڱ߳ǵʱ򣬶Ը𣬶ԷѪȻֵɱ⣬ֻϧȴɱֱӺɱƬ
ڣ֮飬ǻ߷̶ۣ̳ȣ϶ĻǿһЩ
ƾɱ⣬޷һҪԸ̣ǱȽ鷳ˡ
ڣҵҪƾʲôұȶ
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ûκԥֱһȭһֻ̺֮Ȼȥ˲佫̰
ȻЩֻ֮ȴδϣһɫϡ
ԭһ㣬ֻǶʱ䣬Ҳȡһ߻ᡣ
ڣ뷨ȴδóѣֻǼɫ۵Ĺ΢һЩóƺ½
ɱ⣡
ʹֱһɱ⣬Ϯɫ۵̡
档
ЦһΡȻ̤
ֻЩɱ⣬̫˪ռȫ׺˱ѩ֮أȴΨ̵ûܵκӰ죡
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ص磬㼸˫Ĳȫֲˡ
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һһĨ׹⣺һУ
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ۣۣۡ
ڴ͸ԼǿĻ£ŲˮϼûֵܵƬ̣㱻䳹׺ѡ
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뿪ɽ֮ǰ似ԻȪһи̤˻ٻȪ֮Ϊǿᡣ
ΨֻһУȴȻ۷徳硣
û뿪ɽĻһе򣬿Ѿһ¥Ҫϻʥѡʸʱûܽһ򵽸߲Ρ
ֻں̵ıȶȴһõĻᡣ
ֻأδ
һȭͷֻ֮תʱӿֳһΨԼܼĻ档
УʩչԲֻ似һȭ㹴ֻصöֺȻޱȲϡ
ֻ似̺Բʹ½ܹӴġ
һȭ£ֻصö˲ϣٶȣܵӰ죡Ӱ죬ǵһؾش
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һȭֻ̺֮ȫ⣬Ȼ佫ڣ
͸ոһһȭȫһɫϣȻȴôŵЧ
ֻһȭ£һɫۣȻۿɼٶȸܣֽΪĻ߷ܡ
һǽɫ۱㳹û˷
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һȭȪ֮ʱ֣У̼任˻ȪеĳһƬɭȻ˲
Ȫ֮У̵ĸΪԣȫѹһ룬Ͻɫ龹ȻˣɫһЩ仯
ԭԼʵޱš
ڣȴһĨֻš
֮ǰûʩչ˹似Щ似·𲻴һ㣬һһ̵Ĳ
ٻ
ҪͷȻٲҴˣںŮǧһʩչ˻ҵǿ似ٻ
ٲеĻֺ̱ܲõԤУоԶΪһ޷սʤĶ֣


300 ƽֶ
ٻǴƹҵǿ似ҲƹΪټ似֮һ
ʩչһʽٻĻ飬ǻǿߣ֮ʡ֮ʵȵȡ
ٻģͬǴ֮ʵĽɫӰ
֮ʣʹ½Ǽģǰ֮Զʮ䣬̤ؾΪƹһ档
ٻǻҲ֮أֻΪˣʸõڡ
ɼ̺ǧںܾǰѾͶˡ
صĴ֮ʣƾ˿£
˶Ϊ֮𾪣
֮ʵĽɫӰ֣ʱһ߰Ϯȫһ̣ȻܹĻȪ֮ƽɫ
磡
һֳֽ֮ɫ󽣣һɫâ糯Ϯ
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磬ķϮһâǴ˵·׷
һ󱬷ȫûκԤףղŻ·ƣת֮䣬Ʊ̰ɢȡ֮ޱȰԵĻƣҪնɱ

УһᵽɤۣһĴʱޱȽ
ٻĴ֮ʻ飬оȻӵ˿ֲ⼸Ⱳǿ似
ֲ似ܲһδ漣ֵ
֮ʵĽɫ齵٣ԵѹôڷһһЩӣҶ̸һ־
ʵȻѰ˿ᲢۣȻǿᣬҲΨаһ;
չڱ㽫Ϊʷ
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ȻûΪĽУĿܡ
մ֮ȣֻ˳֮Ǵƻ֮һ·̹;㣬㱻ĸ㣬Ӱ
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ôܣ
ɫ䣬ţеĴҲɫһȻûȻܹ˿ֲ似´Һˣ

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ʵ̫˾ϲˣǻΪˣû뵽нɫâɢȥǰľȻһĻ
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һʹξͱȫ͸һλ֮ȥʲôĹ޷˺ֺ
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ȻˣΨʩչյɱﵡű
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ʱٵٴδЦǿ似Ըڸȴû˺ֺٴȥҲûнһսƽֶۣΣ
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̶һۣԴӶԷпһ˿ġ
̶űɱ֮ģǿ似ûκεһ˿⣬ӦɱҲΪŨء
ӲѰ
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ƽֶ۰ɡ
˸ԲʣҪʱһЩϤͻȻӲԶ
ɫһ
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ͬصǿߣʵ϶̸ǿ
ֵĻûʲôգϾűֻСɣҪɱҲֻɱһ˶ѡ
վɽϣң̣߳Ŵ˰ɡ֮£зִ磬ڵˣδߵͷǹӲдһʱˡ
һ⻰һۣ漴һҧתˡ
ˣӺ뿪ɽػʳǾޣ
һ£뿪
ȻһֱԱ߿š
̴뿪Ҳ־衣
׷ǲ׷ˣ֪սթԱ߿ôòų֣ǶֶѾ塣
һΣǶж϶кܶԣôˡ
Ȼô˵Ҫѹڵͼȫˣˣϵ˵˷۱
ô
̴뿪̱֮㳯ӭ˹еԱ


301 ʳ
˵˵˶ţһ¶ûС
⣬Ҳһ㼫صɫʣصΪȻصдһ˶ûܣ漣
εֵסǴ֮ʵУûκ֪Ҳû˵
ȸ似ǲҪñ֪Ϊã
ҲҪ̫ѹǰڴûйǸҲǹҸ
ٿ⻹ǱȽģһ䡣
š
˵ͷ²ų׷ġ
°֮ģǿɾ鷳ˡ
ˣλӦǲμʥѡʸİɣ
תһ䡣

ֵ˵ͷٻǰʲôµˡ
ʥѡʸһܺڻʳǾУͱԺʹ߼ලκ˲ףǴƹ֮⣬ܹĸԽᡣ
ٳһ˵ʵ⽭ǺܼˣСȴǻ˲١
ȻҲؾأսȲ̫ԶҪȡûôס
ôԱɣʵڲУҲ츳Уֲñˡ
һЦЦ˵ûô¡
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ٹһЦΪο
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ʢʿЦǵǰʮǰһܲμʥѡʸĶûС˵ʮһǰǴΣϲμӹû뵽꾹Ȼܳĸ
⻰Щ죬һһһԵĺϡ
ϵͣʮңû뵽ڶʮһǰȻμӹʥѡʸ
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ȻȴȻֻΪ˵ʮûнԲѧ
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⵹ǲΪ֪ˣҺҲûд㽫˵ӣҲֻա
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ֺͷ糤Եɴۣ̫š


303 ׿ս
ֺͷ糤Ƕû뵽ġ
ΪܰݣԷҵһרŵңʹãЩҩģǷھõóġ
ƷʵûˣֻһҩҩΨضҩܹ⿪ұȽϺ
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ָһңһЦ
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Ʒ忴һۣ͸ų羴벻겻羹Ȼ̤һľˣλҪμʥѡɣ

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305 ʥȪ֮ˮ
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ܿ죬Īɽɽžӣȥ


306 ƻ
Īɽ䣬ɽž֮󣬱ȥһ߽ɽˮľС
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ͱԺʹߣһҪҲμʥѡ
ɫ΢䣬ͱԺûôӴΨһӴģ֮ǰڻʱ쳽
ǸؾˣŲмԼ⣬ҽСߣ˼̵ӡ
˵ͱԺˣҿ϶ûʲôøУһҪҲμʥѡѵҵõĻң
в²ţ뵹Ҳûܡ
ͱԺΪʹ½ǿֲȻǴ۸ӣ˵Ѿ֪ĸͱԺʥŮⲢܴʲô
ΪʥŮ֮ݣͱԺ˵󣬷Σա
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ҪʵʩȴѣؼǣУջīˣ˭ʺϵõƿʥȪ֮ˮ
ҲգԼɡ
ҡҡͷö룬ܿص˻ʳеķҸۡ
ʱķҸۡ˶ڵΣҲв˺һ㼴ʸʤʥѡʸѡ
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ɼҪμʥѡôŪֵġ
Ȼ縮˶ֻ֪ʣˡԭĸһѾֱˣ


307 ˵
ص縮ʱ̱ΧѯûʲôĴʲôġ
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֪һ֮ΪʲôͲϵķˡ
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лҵõʥѡʸ񣬻ʥȪ֮ˮ㽫㡣
ջīһֽӹʥȪ֮ˮСƿӣ߹ϣֳһĨ֣֮ɫ
֪ʥȪ֮ˮ˵ʲôһᣬٿԴԼǸף
ˣĵܵܣȴĳˣһ޷üǱź׷ޡ
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ƹμʥѡ߸ȫȷѡʼԤ˿
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ΨջīȻôʱͻƵصľ磬û뵽ġ
ʥȪ֮ˮҲڷջī仹ǧԷʥȪ֮ˮʱ˿̣Ӧöء
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ҪΪ˺һǿߣΨԼûǲĻٶ޷ͻơ
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ڳĺͳԣվųԼһüϵӣ˱ǳĵֳҲǻһؾǿߡ
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һĪһǣȻ˵ܾӲߵýһЩܸһЩϲ

ɴݵŮ꣬һ̧֣ͷʳǷȴûκα̬
ûκ֪ôġ
Īɽ͸꣡


309 
ƹϣڶǿߣˡۺꡣ
֮⣬ǧû˶̫ϣϾȻǧڴƹΧһһţŵܱڶ֮УͨŰˡ
ǧ֮ϣиǿţˡģбǿġ
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ģѾ̤أȻǸո̤룬ʵ϶ò
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Сıǡ
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ճϣһ·Сġ
˾ۼٶˣϡϡʢʿеˣջīС
βμʥѡ˵Уջī֮⣬ѾﵽΪʵܹǿ̱ȼ硣
ɼջī֮һ
ϾӵȷҪʥȪ֮ˮòʥѡʸ
ǧ˴βμʥѡһҪ̬
һߣҲڶԼŮǧ˵Ż
֪ģĸףμʥѡܱʥԺѡеĿ΢΢ʥѡУȴܼšύЩţδһ;кô
ǧ˵ͷ˵
ͺãסЩȥģͲҪȥһҪվλá
һĨ⣺ҿܲˣԺҪϷˣԸлᣬҲԲţ
İɣĸס
ǧҲ׹һ
ԸǧȻ˿Ĵ
ʱΣڳڲԶߣ˹١
˭֪ܷɣҲûҪҴˡ
˼λҷʥȪ֮ˮƬ̡
һڡ΢΢һЦһ䡣
󣬿ȫûнʥԺʹ߷ﰡ
˻δ˵Ⱥ˳һ䣬̺Ŷĵ⡣
⻰һںͷ֮ˣʱǷŭĿӡ
Ҳ۾һǱߣȴ˵֮ˣȻҵļ
Һ֮ĳԹ˾֪ĶԪ˵Ǳɱġ
ȻκκøУٽʥѡҲֻˣˣƤˡ
ļҲ󣡡
һЦˣҪѵҲҵĳѵңʲôοھԼʱ仹δأֻǴñȽѣ𣿡
ȷԼʱ䣬нʱȻñҲٵ

ʹ߼ϸ˼ۣЩ֣СôΪ
ʥȪ֮ˮЧֻ̳֣ΧٶȣѰʱʮϰٱȥĻһ̤صľˡ
ʹߴˣҾ
ֱһȥǰӣ㿪ڳˡ
ͱԺˣûʲôøУڳ˶ʹ߹мӣɲˡ
ʼռǵãͱԺ쳽С𣬲Ҷٰ裡
ʥŮ֮ӣȻ
ʹ۾ֻϣμʥѡ֮㻹򶨵˵
⻰֮УȻһЩһʥѡ֮Уѵ˸ʹӣ
˵ʥѡ֮УǲܶκֽŵģϾǿʥԺϾٰģǱԺˣԺԺԺʥԺǰ
£Ժʹӣܵġ
һҪСľˡ
ţʥѡζҪμӵģΪҪȥͱԺΨвμʥѡһ;
ҪС𣬻ҪԼĸױ䣬ͱԺ
ˣȻ˵ˣǸ˵ĻҲ˵ˣҲóˡ
ʹɨһۣ漴ҴУǴƹɹͶչҵſȥμʥѡԣ߸ȥһ˹ɹͶչɡ
ɹͶչȵĲѡ֮ǰѡˡ
ƹһˣѡ꣬ʹ߾ͿֱӴȥ
˵⻰ֻʹһ֣ʱ׳һë̺սë̺սȻԹڰУΧһݡ
ȻǷսǿ˵ķս
ɡ
Űʹ仰ë̺˲ɢ·ޱһΪһžë̺
μʥѡˣʱ뿪˸Զ飬̤žë̺
ë̺ͬʱվϰ˶ԵӵˣȻûطվ
ţʹ߶Էǰһ֣ë̺Ҳŷ
㲻ǻôԼɣ
ǧЦһһ䡣
ʡҵȻ׷ѹ򡣡
һų
ʥѡϾҪʼǧȻܶΣڻ˵ϻǰ׷ѹ
ˣϾҪɹͶչţҿɵˡ
ѩ˿۵Ļ幫ˣֹ˼ܣ˵ʵΣΣɱСҸȥ
ɹչԹƹ˶ңȻͬ顣
ǧҲ֪ڲǺ͡Լˡʱñ֮˿Ц
ë̺ɵü죬ﵽؾİʹߣȻɵø졣
ǰеٶȣҪԼɻҪԼʩչֶηеĻë̺Ͱʹء
Ͼؾǿߣ˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
ʱ˿̣۾Χ
ǰʥȪ֮ˮʱٶȼ죬ź̤ܿؾڰصľˡ
֮⣬ÿͷһڿǰУһЩĳܹ̤ؾǾͺˡ
һޣһ̤ؾһ죡
ֻϧؾʵ̫ˣƹÿʮ궼һܳһɼѶ֮
ûãɹڱ㵽ˡ
ë̺䣬Լص㣬ֱ߸ɹ
ʱ۾һɨȥǼˡ֮ǰйһ֮Ե
ɹСӣš
۾
ɹˣΪ׵һȻ׳֮⣬ԶԶĹɹСӣ۷Ϊ
Сһ˱ٽš
źʹƹһصΪڣȻѾﵽصΪɼ츳ȫѻġ
Ȼˡ
ɹСӺţһۼǰһ
Ƿһ챮
С˵
Բһһۡ
Ƿ
вԼûµõĶֵͷˡ
δ˵һѾڳ˿ζԹɹСӵĵ⣡


310 ½ͷ
ʱ򣬴ƹ˿϶ͬġ
Ҳ⡣
ǧЦһЦ˵벻ôû㣬һ仰˵ñ˰˵
ȴûǧ
Ϊ˵ɹСӣΪ죬ͷȥ΢΢ͷлˡ
лʲô˵ʵ⣬˼˳㣬һ仰˵ĺʣ
һۣ
ҲԲ˵
ҡҡͷ
⻰һʱСӺǧҧгݵģĨԲأ
ЩˣΪʸһЩǿˣΨͷ֪Լס
ɹСסҵ֣ɶ࿭ʥѡУңԻúܲң
ֻϧвһöûС
֮һЦȻûɶ࿭
ɶ࿭ӷŭǸûнﰡӣһӶ˹⻷еɶ࿭ܹܣ
ǧҪɱ㡣
ʱɹһˣҲǧ˹ơ
š
֮ǰ׳ص챮ʱ֮ףǧɱ˳Ȼǡ
ڼǧб̲סð֮𣬶ݺݵ˵
ƾ㣬һأҲ˵˴󻰣
ǧмЦһ
ҵűǡ
˿ûԼΪܣʮ㣬Ҳ֪ǲʲôɱﵡ
ɹʹƹ໥Թ٣Զԣչƹ֮ĳԹ͸ˡ
չֵƹڣɱڣоôƹͶչ֮ĳޣȫɵ͡
ܿ죬ë̺Խ˹ɹ˶չľڣڶչĶǸ¡
ͳһװĶչޣ˷ë̺
չʿ
ڶչ޲ΪޣǱΪʿһ;ԼصĻ
۾ⶫչǺǰĳЩơ
չʿ̤Ϸë̺ë̺ϵգøӽ
ɹˣԶչЩ޶ô˳ۣ֮ǰͶչȫΪʹˡ
ɨһۡ
˸ͭףͭߣŮĶȽϰС໥֮ûʲôԵı
ֻ֮УһŮصǿߣһһŮء
ʵ͹ɹƹǲ˶١
֮ûκһ˵ȴɢɱȫն൱ء
Ǽǰģʹ½ͷ
ʮһ˵룬ͱԺİʹ˵˴еĿĵأȻͱԺڴ
ڲμʥѡ֮ǰбҪ˽һ£ڵʹ½һ硣
ʹһ˵ţһЩпӡ
÷ë̺϶ʮһ˶Щ죬һĶ
ʹ½ľͷ
һ磿
ʣڳ˶ޱҪ֪𰸵һ⣬Ƕ˵ˣ
һֱʹ½ʥԺΪ𣬶࣬ʥԺڸǣΪ֪
ȻڣǲμʥѡҪȥʹ½ľͷ֪ࣿ
ë̺Űʹߣһ·Ÿķȥ
ǴƹһƬǼ֮أ֮ˣ붼ֵܵסΨؾǿ߲̤㡭
ȷǼ֮أȻʹߴǰͿ϶а취ǵİȫɣ
˲۳
ë̺ٶȼ졣
һܿΧɽ漴ɽһ·ȥ
һƬ಻޷Խɽȸߣǽż֮ء
ʹ˵˴Ҳţμʥѡ
һ㣬ȶ֪ˡ
һɨ˻һۣ뵽ղ꽣Լʺʹ
ƺҪμʥѡģǺ츳ҲӦҲμӰɣ
Щڴʥѡ֮޵ĶԾ
һ֮лᱨˣ
һ˼ڲԶһд«սͬһȺˣڳű֮ظȥ
ϿǰһƬҶʮ˳űǰС
ЩܱĴȣʮСȣԼţǼμʥѡǿߣ
ʣڲμʥѡ֮ǰ˶ᱻ֮أιۡһʹ½ľͷ
߷Χڵķս߸֮࣬һ꣬μʥѡ
ĵط϶Ÿս
ͱԺȷѰǿöˣսǱ¶òͱԺһؾǿ߶ó
š
ʱ˿̣ڵλԽԽˣǰϮ
ǧǿߣ̲סŶ£䣬ʵ̫ˣ
⻹δＫ֮ڣҪȻĻë̺ÿ˶ᱻɱ顣
̫򣬶ڵűѰ޸ǿĵֿʱ˿̣Ҳ𽥸ܵһɺ䣬ڣ͸衣
һ޷ֵĺ䣡
𣡡
ǰ۵ͱԺʹߣһ̧֣һ͸ķϣ˷ë̺֮⡣
һ֣˲㽫ӭкֵסˣ
ͬʱ˼ÿһսΧԳһϣȻͱԺĸʹ۳ġ
ϣδ̤ؾǿߣа취֮ص޾䡣
ôؾǿߣ
Ȼ䣬ָԶһȥİӰ
æǱһȻһ¶İӰ̤ؾǿڣȻͣҲŶʮոճͷ
ͣҲ˶٣ȴѾ̤ؾ
˵˺ƽǿ꣬м棬ʮһ꣬Ѿ̤ؾ
ôֲҲμʥѡô
Ȼʥѡʮ⼧棬Ѿռ֮һˡ
ۿǹ¶İӰУ߰˼սϵĸޣһͶȥ۵Ŀ⡣
ƽͱԺϽĴ֮һͱͬһΣۺʵȱҪǿһЩ
ܹĿֲǿߣҲȻˡ
ܿ죬һۿı˪ϱڣǰ˪ϱڣǼ֮ˡ
ڶսƶǰУͣͣһӱǿߣ˼֮ء
һ̣ؾʹķϱڣսϵˣҲһ£⼫֮صĺ䣬ʵǳ
ע⵽Ƿë̺ǰŵİʹߣü뷢䶼Ѿһ˪ֻؾǿ˵˪ûʲôӰˡ
̤뼫֮أԶһϼ⣬ӳ˵
ϼ⣬ƺܽȻʵȴѾʹ½ľͷڼ֮صһˣԶ֮ң


311 ֮
֮أӭһȺ˵ο͡
ˣڷë̺ϣż֮صıԵϼڴٷȥϴӷϱϮ˲ϴŶ¡
𽥵ģ˸оԼƺϼ֮Уâϼ⴦ҫ
ͣ
ûãǰʹһ̧֣ë̺ڰͣ
ͬʱΧսҲŲľ룬˰УֹͣǰС
ˣʹ½ľͷ
ʹǰҫ۵ϼ⣬۾˵
ˣ
ͷһ֮µĵϣһƬӲıһ·쵽Զϼ֮Уͷ
δ߶޷ǰһϼ⣡
ʹߣ˵ʹ½ľͷҲ˵˭û취ǰˣ
ë̺ϣʡ
˵ȷˡ
ʹߵ˵ͷȻ͵ϼ⣬ǳ֮Ϊ֮磡㳯ʹ½ĸǰУն֮磬ǰС
֮磡
ǰϼ⣬԰ʹ⻰˲ٸд
ʹ˵Ļʹ½Ǿһν֮ͷˣ
Ȼ뵽˲عԨУ˵Ļ
Ҫ뿪ʹ½쾧ķ쾧򡭡
ţѵ˵ͻЩ֮Ĺؼ쾧ط
˵Ҫƿǧ뿪ʹ½쾧򣬵ʱôţڿģ
֮磬ܹǧ֮࣬ģո̤ؾõޣƿһˡ
Ȼʹ߽˵Ҫ뿪ʹ½ȥ磬Ψƿǧܹ
ƿǧǵʲô磿
̲סʵ
Ȼؾ֮ϵľ磬ǸΣʥԺûʲôܹ
ʹ̾˿ԣÿٰһʥѡһĿģҳ츳֮ˣǣǳԴؾϵ硣
ؾϵĲΣ
ڷսϵˣؾûܴﵽ˵ؾߵĲˡ
̤ؾŻ֣֮ᷢ·ʵŸոտʼ
ʹתΪأǧĿռ䣬ʹ½Ҫǧ֮У޽ĳСţЩкŵʵʥԺǿ
֮磬ؾ֮µޣ붼⡣
ȴмǿߣǧ֮нУţ
˵ǧĻ뿪ʹ½Χ֪ǱӦǵ磬һ޴硣
һʱ֮䣬ë̺ϵˣȫһ㽵̬
ǹɹСӣɶ࿭ʱ˿Ҳһֱİ̬֮·׷һαÿ
Ҳˡ
֪ʹ½֮и磬ʱ˿̣ǧ֮ϼ⣬ЩѪȡ
һʱ֮䣬˵̬Щı䡣
֮£ʥѡͳ˲ôҪˡ
ǧ֮УšеʵʥԺǿܼЩǸǰ;
ҵѸλ
ƺǿ룬ʹһЦң޷ǧߣҪһ;ߵøԶʣʥԺΨһѡ񡣡
ʥԺԴҲ޵ģֻṩЩš
ʹ߼ԣʥѡУԼǿ츳ʵչֳзչǱʮˣʸʥԺ̤ʹ½ĲΣ׷
ʣⷬǼɿԵġ
⻰˵꣬ë̺һжڴ֮ɫ
Ȼõ˲μʥѡʸ񣬵ȻҪȫԸȥԼĿֲţǶҪƴһƴ
ομʥѡİˣܸǼǿڵġ
ƺûע⵽ʹ߻ŵݡ
һ˵ģѡзչǱʮˣǿʮˣѲʥѡǱô򵥣
üͷ΢壬˼
ڵʵǱƴս治ǼؾǿߵĶ֣Ҫ۷չǱǲġ
ֻǲ֪ͱԺҪʲô취ȷ˵ķչǱ
˼ŵʱ򣬺ȻΧһǿ߾𣬽ţ㿴ųֵǸ¶İӰȻ˶飬֮緽ҳ˽ȥ
Ǽ棬Ȼ
ƣ
һ·Ҫصŭ𣬴ӰӰ򴫵Χ˶Уֱ
һϮ£һĨ⣬һ¶Ӱ֮ڵϼ⴦۶ȥ
һ̣貽ųϼҫ۵Ĺʣֲһ㣬һϼ⡣
꣡
һ·ʲôһţһϼ֮Уǰʧ
ͻ˵һ
ë̺ǰʹ۾ڼ˾٣ƺŲڴӡ
˾۾żʧĵطȥȴǵطϼ֮⣬ʲô޷
£Ψؾǿߣܹ֪ڵļôˡ
ͻˣڶ㣡
ʹߺܿɫ΢䣬һĨ֮ɫ
һֱֻͻƵһ⼧棬һСȻѾƿɱ˼츳ֲ
㣡
Ĳ㣡
㣡
ͣˣ
ΧһȺͱԺİʹߣԾͣʱһ˿
ո̤ؾ⼧棬츳ֵ
ڶʹ໥һۣӸп˼
ܿ죬ǹ¶İӰϼг֣ԿȫЩѣƿɱԸһͬĵ˸ۡ
ϼг֣ɨһܣû˿֮ɫЩȻӡ
ᣬ츳⼧ԼȻ㣬Χ˰
һҲ̫װЩɣ
ʲôĴڣȻؾǿޣԽͻơ
Уȴţʹ½ζ
ǧζ
ѵʹ½ӳ񣬾һֱǧ˵ǧǱΪڴ˵ģ
⣬ʥԺһЩǿߣûȥ
Ȼ˵൱Ҫ
֮ǰ䣬Ĳ䣬Ӧ˶Ǵ֮ɱģʲôǿĴڣ
磬֪Խ࣬ԽǾη
֪ı˸࣬׷Ҳߡ
ؾ˵һҪﵽģǧҲ뽫ȥ
ˣһǰͱԺɡ
ʹһ̧֣ŷë̺ʼ߼ɣͱԺڣڵʮ֮ڸ߿֮У
⻰һݡ
ֲãкܶҪƾһ֮ҵͱԺһֱûҵԭͱԺҲǧ֮У


312 ͱԺ
ڶսܿ뿪˼֮طΧȻв
ʹ½ΧΧǧɵĸ߿֮ϣͬǧʹ½飬뿪½
ʩչȸ֮裬߶̫Ҳɵɵĸ߿աҪһǲܡ
š
ë̺ˣӼ֮س֮󣬱û˵˶ѾһֶصķΧС
ķΧУ˵磬ٵƿɶ
ڸܵЩ΢֮˷·𴥼ؾżټӰѾ˵һԽƿ
ǰµʥȪ֮ˮҲڴʱЧ
أˡ
ʱڷë̺϶˫ۣ׼ͻơ
Ҫͻˡ
ջīʱڷŲһŲ˭֪ͻƵʱɻ˴š
ͻڼջīȻҪΪ
ôõĻᣬֹ
ȺУǧ׹һƺҪץסᣬ谭
һջīǧ
Ȼһѩ˿۵Ļ幫ˣȴڴʱǰ
ЩˣõԼЩʲôҪ˴ƹ
ᶯһ䴫ǧС
ǧһͣʱ
Ȼʱ̤ؾ磬Ҫͳȣ϶ϲٵģгŵĻ֣ǲܵġ
Ȼʱֵģɲǧһ
չͭ׵ʿԽĿͶһ˸׹⣬ɱ˲ӿֱָ
ǲʶҲûʲôԹ
ǣȴ֪Դƹƹޣǵĵˣ
ʱ˿̣ƹ޾Ȼҵǵ波Խɹ̤һ㾳磿
Ҫûǣ˭ﶯ֣ұ㽫˭涪ȥ
ʹߵͻȻ˹дһ˿Ц
˴ӷë̺϶ȥƾ磬ǲ̫ˤؼǣǱȥʥѡɾͿ϶޷μˡ
ǧõʥѡʸ˭˶Ϸ
ʱչһȺȫҶˣ
Ȼ
΢̡
ʵϣڸնʱ򣬾ϵ۵ͱԺʹ߿϶ᱣİȫҪȻĻͱԺĳЩҪʧˣ
ʹ߿֮ŷ׼ͻƾ硣
ۿյӣǧͶչȺ˶ģ޲̽Ū
ֻϧǿɲʧȥʥѡʸ
ǧ̸ģʥѡҪЩʲôǱǽύ꣬磬ǹ¶İӰ棬Ҫȥύˡ
һֵȥע
չЩˣǻأɹͻƣҲصΪǵвҲ󣬲Ҫ̫⡣
չҼסˡ
аš
ûȺչνʿЩһȴ׼ͻƵʱҪӣ
ȻҪǺЩһҪȻ˾ˡ
̫֮֮£֮鶼Ҫһ¥ʵ̫ˣãʥȪ֮ˮȻЧۻյ㹻ˣ
һ˼һ߸Χ̺ŵĸ
ûãȫƱ㿪ʼڣǿѰ̤صƻҪƴ
ʱȴûˡ
ھԵջīûôΪʱķëֱ̺Ͽյϼ⣡
ͱԺ쵽ˡ
̧ͷգͷϣһޱŨϼ⣬ͺͼ֮Զһϼһģһ
ڶ֪ϼ⣬֮硣
⣬Դ͸ʹ½飬Ҫ뿪ʹ½ȴΨͻƵؾϵĲΣƿǧУ
һϼһϼв֮С
˵İʹߣֻƿһȻܴǰͱԺ
ҪǰͱԺ˶ͨϼ
ͱԺǿߣΪӭӲμʥѡİţʩչֶΡ
ë̺«Ҷȵȷսϼȥ
ͨϼ˱ֱӴԽȥλʮ֮еͱԺ
ϵ͵ǿܹʩչֶΣܹΪ֮֮ͨС
ʹ߲𾴵Ľһ䣺İٲ֮Ҫܹ;Բˣӵܹͻǧ뿪ʹ½
Ҳ˵ʹ½ͨ磬ܹǧ
ﵽ⣬һ㵽İٲ֮䣬Щǿ߼ܹ粻֮֮ͨС
İٲ֮⣬Ϊˣ㲻ͨˣûжǿǿ߰æûС
ǣǿǳԽؾεĴڡ
ĴڣͱԺûС
УֻоΧһǿѹȸУͷѹ
ѹȸУûдﵽһ磬аʹߵ˱޷ܵס
֪ΪʲôμʥѡҪһ硣
ϼãʽ
ûãʮ֮紩͸ȥǰģһƯеĺΰƺƷڣ׳
·ǵʮһϼ⣬ֳ֮ɫ
Ϸǵʮһһǳɫϼ⣬һ㸲ռ䡣
ͱԺλڵʮ͵ʮһ֮䡣
ÿ֮䣬ǻ״ռ䣬Խ֮ľԽԶ˵İٲ֮һ۶һ
ʹ̾˿ͱԺʹ½ǿҲվ޷ʹ½ȥ磬ɱ̾
ֱ֮еĸо˭ˬ
رԽޣԽǶԴпΪʹˣ츳ú֪ԼⱲӶûָͻˡ
Сޣ˵Щʱ򣬶޾Ķ־
ҲǣʥѡĲߣͲôʮԭ
ַսƲвǰУܿȥΰҲͱԺſڡ
ڰգſڣ޾Ʋƣ׺ɾһ㡣
ԺǰǰŸλмǲʧ
ʹԸһ䣬߶ë̺Źſڷ˹ȥ
ô죿ûгɹͻơ
ۿžҪͱԺˣһбԺĸǰǰţȴδջīе㽹
ҪǱЩǰţǻʧ
ġ
幫üͷ΢壺ͱԺǰӦòƽ°ɣϾͻơ˭֪˵ͻƿͷȴ¡
Ը˰ɡ
ջīҲֻôˡ
̧ͷһ۱ͱԺĴſڣȻһȺڿӭӣÿһؾǿߣ


313 ݺ
һս˵ʮ͵ʮһ֮䣬ͱԺڵĺΰȥ
Ƽ䣬ſʮؾǿߣڰӭӡ
Ϊ׵һˣһɷǵİ׷ߣһϮۣǰһ׷ƮȻ
ڵλ׷ߵݣȻͱԺԺ
μһԺ
ȥμʥѡŵЩʹߣſڣͳһɷ߲ΰݡ
һͱԺԺͳͱԺ
ʥѡڶһȻҪ棬˵һЩ֮Ļ
ɣûʲôɣ
һ΢΢һЦڶʹʵ
ûֻǴ˴һм棬Ÿ̤ؾͻ츳ֵע⡣
ٰʹ߷׷˵
Ŷ
һ΢˵Ȥ˵ͷϣһεʥѡѡһЩɣΪǱԺĵӡ
⡭Ժ˴ΣҲˡ
һˣЩԥһᣬҲ˵˳
⻰һһɫʱһʥѡֻ츳ݣϷΣ
óһ̬൱á
Ȼָ
ʹǷ׷ˣսͱԺſڽ£μʥѡİˣ׷״ӷս
ͱԺͬɾĳȫ۾
Уһ¶İӰ棬͸ڴ֮ɫ̤ǰУ˵ǰ
ͬʱмҲѾ̤ؾǿߣǲʾһ̤Ųӣͼͷ
ȽעĿģЩؾǿ֮⣬ƽʱټޡ
һͬĹʹԼһʺĹʹŷȺ֮УǱԻţͺ
ʹһ壬ʮμʥѡʹһ壬Ȼܹռݺܴһλá
Ȼղ͹ڲ屬˳ͻʥѡⷽ棬ڲҲ᲻˽ͺĲμʸ
֮Ի޹ȣҲвμʥѡʸΪͱԺУԭǿ޴ڡ
һɫͷӣվ˳صӭ޹ȵǡ
ӭλ
ӣ˫ͬ꣬Ц⣬һ̤ؾޡ
ݼǰ
ڶμʥѡޣȫӱȥǶǿޣ
ﵽ˺һޣܹΣκ˵ޱȿ顣
ӭλͱԺ
һɫؾǿߣЦӭİˣƺλ˴ʥѡҪҸ𡣡
μǰ
һȺμʥѡޣԳɫƺݼЩޣ⡣
УͷصĻƺһ־ص˼
ͷһǲμʥѡĳԱ
ǰɫӣʥѡܸˣܲúñһԼ࿴ۣ
˼ͱԺʱ򣬾ѾȻʼˣ
ʱ˿̣˭Լģ²ԼƺºӡҲܽˡ
ϧʱ˿̣ƫƫҪֳ
ĳϣôӸλǰԭһ
ɹСӣɶ࿭Цһָ
ʱȻڷë̺ϣ˿ûжļͬɮ붨һ㣬ţ˫Ŀգ
ɶ࿭⻰һʱ˶ͷһһ۾Ϳ
СӣǸЦѵͱԺŵöҶˣ
أļһȻҲܻʥѡʸʲôµطģ
ǱһСҰɣдʲôģ֮ʲôطʺ
˵Сķμʥѡ罫Щ
ǣʮȫ֮ˣһСӼٱ飡
һȺ˷׷׳Ц
УصΪȻǿ⳰Цġ
磬ΪΪ͵ޣûκϿԣرͱԺžۼҲΨһصˡ
۷׷ףһϮ۵ͱԺԺһ۾һԶ
ƾ磬Ȼһ۾ͿͻƵĹУУ˱ѰͻƸط򲨶
СӣеŹ֡
һһţһ߶һԵƺ˵ͷ
ƺᵽԺ˼Цһֱ˵˵ӣͻƵĽҪͷͻƣΪʥ֮£Ǵ
⻰һʱЩЦ˱͡
ͱԺ֮ǧ㲻ҷˣйɹСȿڳҲû˵ʲô
һƺ⻰ǧͷֱһҡ
û˵ҪȻܿ˸ƺ²õӡ
ܿ죬˶֪£ֻǸƺ²ӡô򵥡
ʥѡӸղžѾʼˡ
ƺ΢̣˵һ£˴ʥѡľ򡣺һǻһ;ķչǱԣóһյۺ֡ۺߵʮˣ㽫ΪͱԺĵӣ
Ƿųߣۺ֣۳һ֣ɹɶ࿭Ϊһߣ۳֣
⻰˵꣬ʱøոճɵˡ
ǻ֪ʥѡȻѾʼˣҾΪ˵˼䣬ȻӰ쵽ʥѡۺ֣
ֱ֣֮
˭ôҪԳˣ
Ҳ룬־ᶨ˿ûǵĳͻƣҪЩ˸Ӳƻˣ
Ҳ
ɹСӣɶ࿭ʱһʥѡʥׯ֮£ģʿ츳ֻ˵һʵͿ۳ҵ֣Ҳ̫ԩˣο˵ͱԺλǰݹϵѲɣǱԺƫ̻
ʥѡȶܹ⣬ң޷ԤǾɷġ
һ˵һ䡣
ƺһʱһɶ࿭ʥѡĹ֮ǰѶõģΥʥѡȻҪ۳֣ΣڶǲμʥѡһԱһģһ
˵⻰ƺ㸡ֳһĨζɫ
Ͽƫ̻γں
˹Ȼ˵аʾͱԺк̨γڽ˵ĵжȥ
رЩ۳ۺֵţνǺ֮ˡ
һְݺĿǲۼ
ǱһˣܽƺôϾƺⷬ˵ú޲
οһʥѡеСͲ⡣
ҪģֻʥѡĽֻҪʮţճΪͱԺĵӣǿͱԺۺʵ
ɶ࿭㲻ͷͻƣʥѡĹƽԣٿ۳ۺ֡
ƺ˵ùɹСһеˡ
ʥѡδʽʼΪ˵䣬һӱ۳ķ֣ԩ
ȻܰԹƺϡ
ӵţ
ɶ࿭Żڴ͸ų֮ɫ


314 
ǹɹСɶ࿭۳ֵޣҲԹ
˼ɵģһȺˡ
ǺͱƽһĴ֮һޣһ۸ڶΪ޶Ҫǿһ
ոգҲһȺޣЦΪ죬ʱʮڵޣȫ۳֣ǼֱҪѪ
סǱ˵жʹˡ
ȻʵϣȴԩģֻԼ򣬳ͻƣʲôû˵ȴĪġôˣ
ͻˣؾڰأ
ʱȫһ䣬ڳͻǲޣ̤ؾڰص磡
ˣʱ˿̣ǰľӡҲڿʼһɱ䡣
ӡÿһ̶ȣᷢɱ䡣
ţӡǣұ̤һءҷֱ̤أأʱӡֱɱ䡭
ʵʱ򣬾ӡһηɱ䣬ǵĴɱ䣬ɱ䣬űݵԺ֮С
ڣһ̤ܼڰأǰӡһɱ䡣
һξӡɱ䣬ֱ۵ĸıǣһӡȫǿһپ֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪һѰؾڰޣҲһٶʮ˾ˡ
ӡһӱӵѰ޵
ʥȪ֮ˮЧ治
һп۾ɨһǰΰ׳ͱԺԼĿⶼϵڶޡ
ͻˡ
ջīϵãʱȻǰףأͬʱٶȽոշ˵һ顣
ͱԺԺƺɹСɶ࿭ޡ
ɨһǰо֮ɫһ
һջīĻͰڳ˵ˣ˵㲻ʲô¡
ͱԺԺһǱĸףҲ⹫
Ȼʱ⡰⹫ƺװʶһ˵Ҳ⣬ʮͱԺûһ˻ġ
ƺ͸֪Щʲôˡ
ƺ֮ǰС쳽ʲôϵ
ȻȻĿʼ²⣬ֻϧͱԺһ֪ô¶²ġ
ֻܹ϶ƺŰٷ֮ٵĶ⡣
ԸңǱɡ
кâһδôƺĿݺ
ЩޡɹСɶ࿭͸ˡ
ɨһΧע⵽һȺͱԺؾǿ߸ֱмϢΪǿޣڹߡ
Ȼûв뵽ʥѡʣ⼸ǿޣڹעųзһС
⼸ˣͱԺԺһԼʥѡƺЩɵӡ
ԺԺԺʥԺˣڳĻƺҶʲôԽõ
ͷЦ£治Ҫʲôµġ
ʥѡĿ꣬Ҫѡ㹻츳ͷչǱޣǹƽɲԼ˭
ˣոտ۳֮ˣѾˡ
ƺζһЦ漴˰֣ȥʥѡĵһڣҲĻڡ
˵ƺתȥԱһһϹԺˡ
һ˵ͷûôһֻۣ̤ǰһ̧ڶڵʥѡ꣬һ
ʥѡĵһڣʲô
ģ
һ˵ţ漴оȻ۳һҫ
ϣɢżΪǿĿֲһɢʱڳڶɫ䡣
ģ
⾿ʲô
ǽиܵһ·ֻҪĳԼԼûа취ֵס
һֳԽطεĳ
ĵǿȣԽطoΰ
һ˵˵ռܹһģ׷ӳеܹ״ݻʹ½
仰ǵģ˼ȴһݣиŲͬĹʡ
ڴ㽣о𺳣
һĵ״ݻʹ½
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
⻰Ϸ򲢷Σ
һһЦģϷֻȻƾĵϷѾܹΪͱԺԺ
һЩԺߵǿߣһԺĶ֡
ƺЦżһ䣺ڣʥѡĵһڣյ

ڶޣڣɫһ䣬ȫЩӡ
ǿȻǰֱȥ
о仰ҿѸλ
ƺ˼飬ʱЩһЦģǼͱԺһϵģΨԺ֮ڣܹǧ֮һʥѡֱܼʮ֡ٷ֮һֱܼһٷ֣
⻰ˣɶ࿭Щڣһðž⡣
ӷ֣һӾͼʮ֣ٷ֮࣡
ȻҲ֪Ҫĵ϶ѣôһϣܺúץסᣬǲܹ׷ܹ˻һµ
ĵԵ߸¡
ܹ
ʵ˵ĵÿһʥѡеĵһڡ
ƺ鼤ĴȻÿһʥѡУǧ֮һˣһֻֿùٷ֮һˣѾüûгֹˡ
⻰ʸ³һͷˮ
ЩȫǸȵ꣬ڸĻУһֱ츳֮Щ
ԭ룬ƾǵ츳ǧ֮һӦûɡ
ڿǻǽ̫ˣ
ҲԣôѵĻͱԺҲֻԺһɵ
۾ڼսѶȣ㹻׼
һЩޣЩԾԾԣЩаӡ
ڿʼǱĵɡ
ƺ˰֣δﵽؾ֮ˣÿնзʳá֮ϣλɾͣҲǱԺ˶ϣġ
һǸ壬ͷ
Ժˣתȥˡ
ͱԺؾǿߣҲһת뿪ΨƺԼ⼸ʹ
ͬģԺԺԺʥԺĸǿߡ
ʥԺԺ֮ھϵĸǿߣȻҪһͱԺ᲻յʲô츳š


315 
һµģէһǸ֣ʻ򵥣ȴƺ̺ѭĺΰ
ģͨɢŽ⣬·޼᲻ݣͷϾţȴûκ˵Һ
Ǽι۵Ժǿߣ⡰ľηмӡ
ĵû˵ѵ˵綼ûнӴ
һԱһͱһϢ㷢֣Ϣǿȣƺϱһ
пǽӡסԵʣֱϱоһȫʢʱڶҪǿ֡
ҡҡͷûȥ롣
ڵ֮Ҫһǡĵȥʱ䣬Ҫú
Ļʼȥͷŵĵ
ĵĽɫâҫ˷·ֱעĸоָоƬأһֺȫͬ⡣
ƺӡģûκΰ
üͷ΢塣
ӡûаģ⡰ĸһֵʱ򣬾ͳȥҲ֪ΪԵʡ
ӡңԼ㲻ô
δ룬ֱӿʼȥǡġ
ʱţüͷԽԽ
⡰ĵܹǳĸܵȻȴ޷ΪãָоҲǳ޵ĸо
һ;ţִδӴ֮ʱһĪչ
ţˣһ޷һ˿ΪԵš
ƺһⲽһ˵ò˵ĵ޵츳Ҫ󣬱κҪ츳Ҫߡ쾧ط򣬶ĸ򡣡
仰Щ˼
ʣǴͷĵǿȣܹܵǳԽطǿ
Ȼķ⡣
Ƭǿط򣬺ǰǿҲ˵
طԴ˵ĵԽطѵ磿
üͷ΢΢š
硱ָʹ½֮⣬Ͼʹ½֮⣬磬ӻʯһֱ쾧طô˵Ȼķ
ô˵ģѵǳԽ
ԣͷһݡ
˵Ļⱱһ˱ĳЩǿ߸ǿ
ˣ
Ȼ뵽ھĲ䣬ǸĴ˲ļУƺôһЩģӡ
ھĲ䣬һЩ߽׵ؾǿߣּܴһЩĿֲ
ȻΪǾķЩǿڴʱΧƺбʻ֡
Щʻѵģ
Ĳ䣬ӵԼе
طǿ
֪䱾ʲôôʻɵĽ壬Ϊλǿֲ
Ȼǲ֪ڳ˾͸֪ˡ
֮£ô֪ʹ½֮磬УžĲ䡢ľ۵ȵȴڡ
ؼıԴ˽Զ˸̣¾һⷽ˽ⶼȲ
ֻϧ򡰶ģûκΰ
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ʱ֮Уİٶޣûʲôˣȫ򡰶ĵĹ֮С
ϧǣһȥûһ˶ԡһ˿ġ
Ҫ˵ڴİٷ֮һǧ֮һûС
ڶķʳܿ챻δﵽؾޣҪʳʳܹά衣
ǴﵽؾǿߣͲҪˡ
İٶУƽļڣܹؾǿߡ
˵ȻǲҪԷġ
ǣһȴһ֮ͻȻʣôû׼ʳ
λǱţʳӰɣ
ƺһۣһЦ׼Ѱʮʳ
ʳӣؾǿߵ֡
ʳӣͶԳԵмǿȤ̤ؾ˺һʱʳʳΪһܡ
ǸŻ۵ӣͬԲһ㣬һͰ벻ļһҲԶʮͷ̤ͣ˺һľ硣
ʳ׼ʮݷ֮Ŀʼʳãڡĵ򣬾Ȼż
Χв˿ЦʱͻȻʳץżȵһֻϣһɢųһɫâţһʻŽ⣬ֱ˸
ģ
ЩҪЦӵˣ̱㱻ҭסˣҲЦ
û뵽Ե㶫Ȼǧ֮һġ
ʳӹЦȻˣҲûзǰʳ
ʮ˷ݵʳ˵ƺŸոչӣ±ȫ˶ӣ˸á
ġģʻԽԽȫⳡΧ˵ע
˵ҪģҪϵ״̬£确ģȽǿ⾳
ڴ˵ʳܣڳԶʱԼʲôڶĻ֮°ɣ
Ժļලߣųָָ㣬໥˽š
ۿ򡰶ģǶЩǿ˵ǻпܲһЩڲͬġ
ǧ֮һġۺֱʮ֡
ʳӣѾӵʮ֣ʥѡУ߳˵һ󲽡
ܹ򡰶ǧ֮һǼѵģڳİˣûܹ
ʱ䣬һޡ
ʥԺǰǣȻоĵһЩɡ
ĳĵڶ޷ﵽǧ֮һٸ೤ʱ䣬õġ
죬һοʱ䡣
ʱڣԽ࣬Խп
ʱƽļ棬ԼţͬѾ̤ؾŰӥͬһʱǧ֮һġ
Ȼͬƺʼϡ
ʱڣǧ֮һԲһֻ֣
ڰٷ֮һ͸˵ˡ
ڶǧ֮һʳӣ֮ļʱ֮ҲĬĬţûʲô
ʱ䣬
ʱһƺʱĳѣһЦλͣˣͬϣߣʼֻ
Ȼ˵仰ʱ򣬳䶸
ֻԣһϮȹ߹ջīϣȻҫһ⣬УȻһЩֵıʻ
ǧ֮һ
صջīȻǧ֮һġ

ƺԼЩԺලߣǰһ߹ŮӣȻ򵥰
û˻عջīԵϾȻҲͻȻһĵ
ֻһȴǱѸڸ漴۾
Сӣô£
ƺЩලߣüͷ΢
Ҳĵȴ̫ȷΪСƺûʲô
һҲֻǳһ˲޷ȷǲϵġ


316 ս
ջīͬʱۡ
Ҳģ
ջīܵէֵЩ졣
ûУϧˣһ㡣
ҡҡͷ˵
ô˵ջī̲סЩźһֱã츳ڳ˶ҪߵģȻһ
Ȼͷǧ֮һġΪ˷ܡ
ͷ뵽Ѿõĵܵܡ
֪ںη
뵽ܵٴֻһ
ţڡģջīͲ򣬵ȻⲻΪľǺջī츳ֲġ
ĵܵܣʮͷ̤ؾ˿ֲ츳Ҫ˵ûм̳еһ㣬ǲܵġ
츳ջīСһֱڶûзֹ
ֱʱİӱǧ֮һĵΪĿĽ㣡
ƺջīĿ࿴
ֻϧŮƺЩϸ𡭡
ƺüͷ΢΢ţ漴ȻһЦ
ֻҪ֪ĵǧ֮һˣͷˣ˵Ժƺδ̳еԺ츳
ˡĵǧ֮һˣۺֶʮ֡
ƺ˵ûĸλҲҪģֻʥѡһСڡʵϣҪƾǷǳѵģǻԵɺϣܹõĿӡǾɶˡ
ԺˣͱԺΨһõĿӡ֮ˣ˲ɵġǵòӡ츳ٸߣҲֻһɵˡ
ƺЩЩûЩο
ԭҪȵõĿӡ׵ģֻһ˭֪Ŀӡ̶ˡ
ͱԺΨбһԺһˣõĿӡ֪ⶫѵá
λҽ뱱ԺɣʥѡһڣܿͻῪʼ
ƺһ˵ţһתȥ˽ͱԺ
ջīˣȻҲ̤ϣ˶ͷ
ʥѡĵһѾȻûеõ۷֣ȴ١
ʵϣڸոͷȷ
ֻȴǱһչֵġĵһ֡ġĵ
ġĵ͡Ȼͬ
ģɢŽ⣬ġģȴֻһĹ⣬ǧ֮һġġǳۣûܱ˷֡
Ȼ֪ĵʥѡл㣬뽫乫
Ϊʵ̫ðˣ
ӡܣ˭ûи߹⡰ġģýָͷ붼֪;ӡйأҪͷȻʩչ
һǧ֮һľﵽپ֮࣬൱һǿߵĻؾǿʩչкܴʹøǿ
ţĵЩ΢
طǲģֻȴҪǿ࣬δ쾧һܹȵġ
˵Ҫ뿪ʹ½쾧򡭡ǣһѾ޷뿪ʹ½ô£
һǰһ˼ţЩ˼⡣
Щ飬һ춼Ū׵ģȻڸ㲻ǾȲȥˡ
ʥѡĵڶڣ԰ս
ƺһߴ·һ˵ͱԺһʮ԰ѺռڶޣЩޣʹ½޲ͬ
ռޣ
һ˵Щ棬ʮ԰ƺвá
ȻǻδͱԺ̤ʮ԰Ҳ϶޷԰еޡ
ƺ漴˵ʥѡڶڣѡһЩ԰ΧȽޣսЩ޵ʵΪܻܵ޼ԽߣܻԽߵۺ֡
һ⻰ﵽؾļȫǰһ
ô˵ھΪˣ
ؾǿߣܹܵ޼ȻǸһЩ
ƺȴ΢̣Ǳ˵̫ˡ޵ͬΪ˵ġҲ˵Ǳô磬Ҫսʲôޣ
磬ƽż棬ʱؾ˳Ϊս˳ΪޡŸͻƵصĴƹֻҪսصޱɡ
μָ˲ٳޣ˭ΪֻͣҪսޣ
и⡣
İٶУ̱ʣǰ˵ռ䣬ʲôռ䣿ΪЩռУޣץס
Щ⣬ƺȻн
ռ䣬ǲĿռ䣬ʹ½ʹ½ڵռ䣬뿪ʹ½Ҳޡ
ޣӵнȻͬ幹죬ΪʵĻ֣ȴǲ˶١ˣǾ֪Щʲôˡ
Ϊʲôᱻץס⣬ڻûҪ֪ǼͱԺ֮󣬻˸ǡ
ƺشЩ֮󣬽Ųͣ
ǰһƬƵׯ԰էһ翣Ȼ˭Ըܵׯ԰֮ڣѪȹϢ
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˴սޣ˳˭
ƺعͷɨһۡ

Ըµ˺ܶ࣬ƺһص޳
ӣһʹƹС͹ȣˮһ׻ɫ˿ǿ
˭֪ȱֵģпƺۣ˵ע⣬ǰᵱȻҪֵúòС
ֲãǿǰʯͷԼĽš
۾׼۲
ոյһڣʱ˵һСԣսΪʥԺڶڣչֳԼս
ֵԽãԽߡ
ǣʩչȫʵʱжսڣǶ·
Ҫ֣Ҫս䲻⣬ȫѡ
˵ˣǿ϶Ὣȫսʩչġ
ҪսģֻصޣеǿҲ벻Ҫʩչʵ
İٶ˵УƺˮĻɫʵ磬أôѡսλأλأλصޣ
ұ㣬λصޣʵ̤ؾǿһƴǧĪҪøԶ
ƺ˵꣬ˮĻɫ˼


317 ѡ
ƺĻڳİȫЩԾˡ
ʵޣȻΪλλλͬ𣬶λصޣʵȻ̤ؾǿһƴ
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ѡսλصޡ
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á
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޷Ϊλλλ𣬿϶Ե޹ʵģÿһ֮䣬Ȼźܴ
λصޣܺؾǿһƴȻδܹùҲ֤ʵײС
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İĿУƺŻɫ̤꣬ׯ԰֮Уܿ㱻ɫڽűߣӰÿ̫С
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뵽ʼƺ˵ռޣʹ½ӵȫͬĽṹ죬˵ʲô˼
ƺǸܵʲôǼɿ֦ɵޣʱŤȻչֱ֦ӴӴ򿪵ľ˳
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ˮĻɫ꣬էһôһͷҲǳһܿ㰴дޱ֮ɫ
úܽĸ֦ܵ״ӵеԲҪǿϼ֣
һһǿʱڳб˳
״Ԫ֮⣬İ˹۲ͷһжȥ
ǿ֦״޵սʽȻǰһжͬǧ֦趯ţΪ
ˮ꣬ʩչǿĹȻЩ֦գ޷ݻһ֦
ǣ֦״޵ĹȴǼΪ
ʼգֻιȻιȴץסˮֱҪ̴ֱСţ
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ˡ
ƺһ̧֣һǿǿ֦״ƷһѾӻ˾֮С
ؾƺ˵δﵽ˺һĿ֦״ޣȫǲһĴڣӻֱ㽫Ʒˡ
ˮ˵֦״ޣȴ·جΡ
޷ޣ޷õ֡
ˮ꣬ҧҧ˵뿪ׯ԰ܿʥԺʦĵҩ
֦״ˣƺѰҩ޷Σֻͬ޵岿λƶɵ˵ҩ
Ҫսʲôޣ
ջīǿ֦״ޣɫЩףȻλ޵ʵѰͬǿöˡ
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۾ҡҡͷ
ռޣȫûнӴóȻϳûʲôô
ոյһĵĻУûܵõ֣ڶڣ볬ˣ֣
ʥѡϾǰеһҪվ㣬ȻμˣȻҪŬá
һҪ۲켸飬Щ޾һӣǷֳɺöֲͬ࣬۲ĻܹܹһЩ˽⡣
֣ҵ˵˹
ȻһЦԱߴ˹ȥȴ˧Ԧ죬Ԧһģֵ¬ޡ
֣ǹȻǵõҸովͿˣֻûк
ЦһЦ
ԦʵصǿУһģԦ춼޷õμʥѡĻʥѡҲ̫ʧЩ
ܹʮμʥѡжʮĸѾռڡ
Ԧ¬ޣȡĿ϶ʣİ˸ˡ
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Ԧ˰֣漴ɫԴЩأ֪֣ռޣûʲô⣿
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˵
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ǣڳܹİˣÿһ˶ôģԭԸҪͱԺǰĺøУڼˮ³֮ѾûԸΪͷˡ
ԭΪʲôռޣǱĶ
ȴû뵽ʵȻ˿ֲ
ƺׯ԰ڳЦʵ֪λ˭ڶҿ˵ˣڵ֣Ǿ֣ҺλʥԺǰһ֣
˼˵ǻѡޱܵõٷӲԹ涨˵֣ίĴ֡
ίܹˣƺԼ֮⣬ˣԺԺԺʥԺļලߡ
ոˮλˣ֣һ֡
ƺƽһ֣˵
Ȼõһֵ֣
ʵϣ˵ı֣ûʲô֮ΪǵһģɼΣˣǶһ֣ʾ
ƺ΢Ц˵
⻰ڣʣİ˼
ȻûþƺֽżʱȣͲҪ˷ʱˣȻǲվǽȥ㰴磬ӵ͵ߣһɣŸո̤ص
⻰˵꣬ʱİȫֻ
Ȼǵ㵽
⵹òţûܵʲôŴȻųС󣬼ֱǴģ
رһޣͿ˳ۣʱ˿ֻ̣ˡ
СӣţڵҪսʲôޣɱ𱻿еùͷʣ
ɹСɶ࿭Цˡ
˵⻰ûб쳽۳֣Ͼڱɵģֲͻƾ磬ûдһ˵
ǣӺʮˣȫһ֣ڱͷ󣬻ǱӦͦ졣
ǿɵϸռޣ򵥣ڶ˷˵Ľѵضǲѡսλˡ
Ҳãλ޵ʵѾʶˣٿһλ޵ʵҲǲ
˽ȫ˼ʵС
Լ۾룺ƺǱѡ񡭡ȻˣҲʧˣ


318 λ
һһ߳ȺΧ֮˶Сһ׷˽
Сġ
һŮ֮
ĿһȻǻ幫ˣ΢Ц˵
ģл
˵ͷ̧ͷƺ
İˣƺԼලߣȫ߼ϣ׷״Щڴ뿴Ҫѡĸޡ
ɵÿˣһѡ񣬲ܸġ
ƺдζ˵
λޡ
˵
ʲô
ƺʱһ㶣ûһ
˵ѡսλصޣô𣿡

Ȼ֪ƺȻ֮ǰС쳽йأ˵׼쳽ĳ
һȻûҪƺԷʥѡߣҲһ
Ȼû⣬ȻѡλصޣǾͲҪڣɡ
ƺϰһĨȴǲɫĴׯ԰֮˽ȥ
ƺİˣûһ˲Ծġ
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ҿ˳ֻͷˣϾòõ֣ɲǿܻܲ޵ģոˮǼһҲõһ𣿡
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Ψж˽ˣûж˵ʲôںõˣǶ΢üͷ
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ǵһ
Ԧ쵹ЦţҶ˽⣬ûоԵİգǲѡģȥֻҪôѵͷ޾ˡ
˹άѣȴ֪ʲôأ
ǧڲԶԲмһҵҪ޻ܵʱϻʲôı飡
Ҳڴ޵ʱϻʲôı顣
Ԧʾֱӻһ졣
ЦСӶܻλޣҲ϶λ޵ʵôѣ
ǧһЦ
λѣ˶죬ûҪǻϸζԸ޵ġ
ջīǧһۣԦ˵
Ԧ˵ͷҲԣԭδ̤һʱʵͲڴﵽأȻиǿһЩ
˵꣬˱ȫͶ̤ׯ԰
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һȺ֮Уһ˫罣չĹʹһԺһ˵
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ʺĺкɱڵǬλҲ̫ϧˣãԱźá
˵ĲҵĽնһΡ
׹˸һΣûˣһΣҿɲٸκλᣡ
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ԱڣܹӾһбһߴӰ
ǿʦܣ˵ļ߳ǣصĳͳˣǲģ
¶ˣȻġ˵һصĳͳ죬ȻܸһëͷСӣǸЦĺܰ
֮߳ˣ඼ǴˣȻǵǿʦܣ츳˴ʥѡ֮УȻΪĳͳ챨𡣡
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˵Ǳ߳ǣڣҲСϳ˺ܶ
ǿһʦ֣С֮£Ǳ߳һͳ죬㲻ʲô
ǿȻЩڵӹϵǺܺá
˫ִìͬʱԶķŭҲԽԽ̣ǸǵõᣬԲκԥͻ֣
ׯ԰֮ûжġ
ƺ̤ׯ԰ܵһŨĹϢ
ϢȻڵģЩռޣṹȷȫͬ
üͷ΢΢š
ѡսλޣûо˼ģԭصʱ򣬾ܶԿص̣Ԧľǿߡ
ڣ̤أǶԦ죬ҲǱȽɵġ
ʵԸһͷصޣӦòʲôİɣ
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ȻˣȻûҪţֱѡսλޡ
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ƺһ˵ţһ̧֣ǿӿȻһӽˣ
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ޣӦþЩ֦֫Сףά߸֪Χ
ͦ㡭
š
ǰ֦ޣȣһԴˣ֫嶼ǿ֦״ģէһΪһѿݲ
ŵˮУܿײ˿֦ޣ
ǿѰصޣصģҲһֵܹס
̤أһϾӡһɱ䣬һǰǿ
ȻŵˮУͷ֦ȴ·ûмһˮײ
һ̣
һ̧֣ѸһȪϱڣֵסԼȫ
ˮǶ֦ãˮĻҲͽȻѡʩչȪϱڡ
ȪϱڣǾ֮Ҫ˵ɭʤǰͷ֦ޣ
ŵȻͬϡ
ֻǿ֦޴ŵˮУȻȫûʲôˣЩ֦֫岻䶯Ȼˮǿȫжȥˣ
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ˮ似ӣʲôϵ
ƺһԿţʱ˫һУֻϧΣˮ似ڿ֦˵ûá
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֦ͻˮԭҪͻϮʱǰ˲ĻȪϱڣƺǿ֦һӱÿ־һ̶˻
ƺ֮ⶫȽϿƣ
ɫ΢䣬ûκԥʱץסᣬ۾֮һȭԻȪǿ֦޺Ȼӳ


319 ʮֵ
֮һǿȻϮ֦ޡ
֦ŲѸٳź󷽳ˣٶȣȻʩչȸ֮ʱҪһ
޵ʵȻԶѰޡ
ţֻǣҵʵͬѰ޿ȡ˵֮ͷޣⶫֻʱ⡣
һȭԻȪûܹ֦޺ɱ
һȭȥ֦ԼٶȺˣȻӰεĻȪ֮鶼ûܽסɼٶ֮졣
֦޸ܵϵľ֮Ŀ־ȴһƳ޵УһҪɱĿ
֦չǵص
ֻأ
һȭֻ֮Щ֦ȫΧУһ룬űԻȪϱڣЩ֦Ĺȫֵסˡ
֦޵ĹǶȣΪֻ꣬ϧȪϱڵķȫλģ۴ʲôǶȹ޷ͻ
ҲôãȻ˵еˡ
۾
ôʱսǰ֦޵ֶΣ޷ǾЩ֦ɣһЩΪĴɱ
ھ֮ĿƣսռƣԷĹƣȫá
ýˣ
һȭ֮ɢȻը𣬴뱬ƣǿ֦ըѳ˺üΡ
һĻðƺڵˣɫΪ֮һ䡣
ȻӮˣӮôɣ
ƺԼʮ԰ĹԱ͸ԺļලߣЩ˼顣
ΪǷǳһͷλ޵ʵͬǿ϶٣
ô˵һͷԺһһλޣһɽԷ
ڣȴԺ޷飡
Сӡ
ƺ۾
ǳȻԸλصĿ֦ɣǾ˵ʵʵѳԽؾڰصĲΡ
صޣ޷ѹס
ƺĿĹۡ
ԭΪֻһѰޣڿСȫѰ˲ͬ
˷һģôƹλø
ƺš
μʥѡģƺˣҲҪʥѡпܣһὫɵ
Ҫ˵֮ʲôʲôԹǿɾͶء
ʮ֡
Ҳʮ֡
ܿ죬Ժļලߣⳡս֣ǶʥԺǰȻ֪λ޵ǿ֮
˻λޣʮ֣Ϊ
Ҫʮ־ֵĻǿ»ߵķֻϧĻͲϹˡ
˶ʮ֣ƺûа취ֻҲʮ֡
˵̫ڼˣ͹ı֣ȷֵøʮ֡Ҫƺƫ̻ʮֵĻĿɲһˣԺĸǰ
ĸһලͱԺʥѡ̣Ϊ˷ֹƽ֣ƺֳκƫ̻ʻᱻ˶ץסѱ
⣬ʥѡղʤ
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ʱۼڰʮ԰֮İһȫʮ֣Ȼõʮ֣
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İ֮Уȫ׷ţЦ
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ǵȻ֪ⳡսôɣΪǳªĿ֦̫Ϊ̫ǿ
ֻ֦սʱ̫Զ˶ܲˡ
⣬˲һֶʵĴ㡣
һ
ƺɨһȫĿصʮȥ

һڵصӣվ˳дŲһЦݣѡսλޣ
ȻСӣսʤλޣʾ
ȻУôΪڵŵӣ϶Ҳûʲô⣡
һߴׯ԰߳һڵĵ˺һѡ񣬲ĵһЦ
Сӣпͷˣ

ͱԺ
Զʮ԰ĵطڳ˵ʮһĸռУźЩС͵á
ЩС͵ãͱԺһ𣬵ȴȻͱԺ롣
ŴͱԺ뿪ıԺԺһʱһС͵õſڴ

һۣվſڣĺһ
ŵĵУźüԺӣ羰ģɾ˵ܾסҲǷǳҸ顣
˵Աһݣ˭˭ҲӦ
ֻϧڽеŮ
֮Уû˿ñһЩŭ⡣
Ͳ뿴ˣ
һһֱ˵
⻰һ֮˶
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ԺҶӣڲμʥѡ
Ůӵϲޱȫ޷ж
㻹ǽԺ
һ̾˿
ѵ㲻Ժ
Ůӷһ䡣
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һ˰֣ŵӣμʥѡˣֻϧŸո̤ءڣ㻹ǲҵʱ˵Ļ
㵱ʱ˵Ҷӵ츳ضУ̤ͱԺʸûУ𣿡
Ůӵʵ
ô˵ġ
һʵǰѵ㻹ţ
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ŮȻûбһĻӰ졣
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һ
ڿ˵Ҷӣ㲻ҪǣҲӡ
Ůӵ
㻹İɣұһӡ
һһȻôǱΣ
ģϲ
ŮЦһ
޷ͨʥѡôҪǸǣ
һһ뵽ǸˣǸԼŮⱲҸˣ̲סŭ
ͨˣҪ뿪Ҫȥ졣
Ůӵ൱ᶨԼܹƽɣҾ㵽ʱ򷴻ڡ
ģұһ˵Ļᷴڡ
һһת뿪յСá
֮ʵŮӰٴûƵУӰ
﷢飬ûκ֪Ҳ֪ʥѡѾ׼ݺ
һֵ۵飬ʹˣͱԺȴֻбһһ


320 ʾ
ͱԺʮ԰
ſڴİޣӻѪı̧һЩš
ڵӣصţܱѡμʥѡض൱ǿĴڡ
ǣڵѡսλصĿ֦ޣȴǿ֦޳Űһ˿֮ûУ
˲ɣոշųͷ֦ޣǲλޣ
ͱԺ˴׵ĻųһͷλޣҲǲܰ˸֪
ⲻƽǸԸλ˼򵥣ڵӣôܺ޻֮
ҿп϶й˵ԸĲλޣ
ǣŸͻƵأôɵĶԸһͷλޣ
һʱ֮䣬˶ʶλޣλޣǼΪԶԸĴڡ
ոôɣ϶ΪԵλޣ
һȺˣ׷۳ʾ
޴
ԦΧ֮˵ĳЦһ
֣ȥǡ
һЦȻϳսλӦûʲô⣬λޣµȷеѡȻǰձִ֣ȫսһλޡ
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Ԧ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
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Ҫ˵ͱԺ˻СԦһţ
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ڻüζС
һЩˣ̫Ȼ
ǧһˡ
˵ĸԭͱԺʥŮ
ǧޱȼʵĶа룺Σ϶ĸڸţʥѡУʥѡ޷ʤҲԲ룡
ھڴʵսˡ
֪μʥѡİУУһʵսڣͻнɱĻᡣ
Ļһ٣;Բܴ
˷׷ۣƺͲõ飬һӱ㱻Щȼˡ

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ƺ޲óʮ԰ǿޣֱӽˣôܸ׼λޣ
һΣ˴ʥѡƺ֣⣬ԺǰලԹǾԹƽġ
ƺɨһȫ˵˭òƽǱǻʥԺ׼򣬼Ȼˣ˳ʥѡǾǿ󣡡
仰˵ʱȫİȫ
ƺѻ˵ˣǻ˵ʲôɣ
Ȼӣ˺ţҲվ˵ʲôˣҪȻȡʥѡʸǿǵòʧ
һʱ֮䣬Щڷɧȫ͡
һȺ
ƽĹ¶Ӱ棬ɨЩһۡ
ǿˣʵԲֻѰΪ
ƭЩˣҲƭԺǰලͱԺйϵҲλǰһ°˵
Ҫ֪ʥԺԺǾϵеʱ򣬷һġ
ƺ⻰˵֮󣬳б㰲
ս޵ĻڣС
ȥϰɡ
ջīڵӱ̧֮վ˳սλޡ
ѡսλޣͨ˼ǵģλޣûս̫ĻӲԼ̫ʵ͸㶨ˣֿ϶̫ߡ
λޣջīоȽʺԼ
ܿ죬ջīһͷλصĿ֦սһ
˶ջīսܸȤΪ֮ǰĵĵһУջīȻˡǧ֮һʮ֡
ĵսȻñѰǿ࣡
ֻǧ֮һҲѾѰĪġ
սУջīʩչԼˮīֻϧ񼶵طȻԸͷ֦ޡ
ţջīֻʩչǧ֮һġӣǷѾ࣬ͷ޴ˡ
ȻûкֱӺɱһҲսʤˡ
գջīõ֡
սеı֣൱һٳΪ˵ǰİУۺߵˣһĻڵʮ֣ܹѾʮˡ
ĵȻôֲҪҲľͺˡ
Ǻǣİٶˣֻĸǧ֮һΪôģ
֮޷ⱲӶѵҵ츳ĲУ
ۿջīõ֣֦֮ܿ߳ӰɶЩĽ
ĽĽ֦ޣǻǵһȥԡ
һλޡ
ȥģԹɹٽţ⴩Ƥ׵׳ʾѡλޡ
ϳע
ŵĸףǹɹϽԼԴƹأϴˢˡѹԩ
ԶţΪصġ
Ҵϣܲʲô̫ǿ¶λޣȽѡ
š
ȥ飬Ȼϡ
ŶλޣȻûܣȴսüΪһֱ·磬ֻȴʼսԼҪġ
ȫ£ܿ˿ڣЩ˿ȴսȥ
ƴˣ
Źսһڰʮ԰֮ڵģžȻʼǿ֦Ѫƴ
˫ⲫֻȫرȭͷϣ˼ףһȭһȭǿ֦ȥ
ǿ֦ޣȫ֦趯ϴɱȫһһ˿ڡ
ȻЩ˿ͬûһġ
ȥɣ
һŭȣţһȭǿ֦޵ĺü֦ĵطһӽ֦޴˺üΣ
ҵսʤˣȻȫȴ˿ڡ
֦޸ոձҲͺֲ֧ܿסʧѪ˵ϣ̱ͱԺʦǰΡ
˷֣
ŷ֣
ƺڵˣ׷״֡
ȻʹĴ򷨣ίǶ۲
֮䣬·꣬߻ʤ
ʱսʵرʵĶ֮ˡ
գŵõ˰˷ֵۺ֣òȻ𾴡
ոսĲң˶˷֣֮
٣ʮø˽һЩ
治ƽճϲ֣ӾȻ˰˷֣ƽƽ
Ԧ쿴ųУҡͷԵ˵š
˵䡣
һ¬üͷ΢壬˵
ֿʥԺ飬ֵõԦ˵
Ϊֵܣ¬޿ǲԦΪ˵ȡʥѡʸ
¬֣㻹ôҲ̫˵㡣
Ԧ˰֣˿ûϣⲻ㷢ɧûǸı֡
֮һСġ
¬ٴѡ


321 
ŵõ˷֣ȴͷ֦ƴˣҪʥԺ㹻˵ҩЩƻԺɲõӰ졣
ţһЩصޣѡ޶ս
ЩޣһΪԼ֮ӣȻԸѡսλޣʵϣûжǸʵܹλ޵ġ
֮ļˣѡսλޣȴûһܽ޻ܵģԼ޸ñˡ
ֱʱ˲֪ЩޣλĶôöԸġ
ڣʼ˳սλޡ
λޣҲһܹѹģ˻ǺλƾУսҲܹӳԼȫʵ
ģ˶ѡսλˡ
սλ޵ģҲڵֻͣģսλʧܣǿɾֻܵõһ֣òˡ
ȷԼʵޣһ;ԵĿ϶٣ֵˡ
ܿ죬ϰصսϣصޡ
˴ʱȫڸˡ
Ϊ޶صĲΣȥǱܸݸս˵ʵ
ϸ۲죬ڽȥһЩУ϶вٺô
սλޡ
ƹ幫ˣѩ˿ۣվ˳ս
á
ƺڴƹˣûʲôƫһ֣ų˳ׯ԰ȥ
ܿ죬һͷλصĿ֦ޣ㱻ھ˳
ôãֵޣȫĿ֦ޣ̬ҲѾ㲻ʲôˣΪѾϤˡ
۾ϸ۲ų˺Ϳ֦޵ս̡
Ϊ֮ˣȻ˴ʾ˻ķǧʩչЩԵø졣
߷񼶷Ȼףֻϧ񼶷ԸλޣЩ
š
˺ôǴƹ֮ˣڻ似Ȼ¯࣬һУ鼶Ʒ似
һУȻ޷λޣôںܿܡ
ۿ̫ҲֻʩչٻԴƹҵ似
֮ʵĽ飬һ֣бнɫϮ֦ˣձ糹׺顣
һսѭ򽥽üΪأյõ߷֡
սλޡ
֮ǧͬѡսλޡ
ͳķ似ǴԴƻңٻŮ˵õ似ˡ
ֻϧǧͳȣһ̣ϾŸոշʥȪ֮ˮصġ
ܿͷ֣ѡսλǸľ
ΪصĻջǺܵλ޷ͳָʹϳλ֮ܿ·硣
գʩչٻԴ֮ʡ֮Ը֦ޣûܹյ̫õЧ
ƺʱֹмĵǧпܱ֦ɱ
֡
ֳǧˡ
ͬսλޣ˿ԽԷܣǧȴʼմ·磬ʾ˫ʵĲࡣ
Ȼͬص磬ǧʵֻλأ˵ʵȴλأ
սλޡ
Ԧվ˳һڣʱΧ˹Ŀ࿴
λޣѾܾûսˣ
һȺӿԦ죬Ц
һȻѡսλޣֱ
ǣûǰ˵ˣλصޣսܺؾǿһƴô
ѲɻΪԼܺؾǿᲢۣ
һȺЦ
Ԧ죬ڵӿʹģúܣԭ츳ʦ֣Ӱ˼߾磬ȴԦ
ңԦ֮䣬ͻԹ˳ȴҲˡ
ԦƺǼලߣ໥һۣԵ˵ͷǵǿˣԦʵȷǿ
ʵǿÿٳӣܹʩչˮƽ϶ǿˮƽвࡣ
λصޣΪܹͣλصޣôʣԦ죬ʸѡʮ
챮򣬹ֲСš
ׯ԰֮УԦʩչϹ챮ͷȫȻ
İμʥѡ꣬ԸͬңȻоǲʶԦġ
ڿʼʶˡ
ʶˣԦ֮󻷽УԦ죬һҪСĽУ
գԦȻƴԼˣҲλ֦޻ܡ
óµԵͷԦʱ俴ûа׷ϣϹⷨƿأࡣ
ʮ֡
Ԧ죬֮󣬵һʮֵģò˶Ԧ춼һۡ
ˣʥѡʮߣ
Ԧ֮ޣһսλλޣսż޸ѡλޡ
սλ޵ģǶԼʵŵģԦ졣
ܱİ޵УȻҲŲԦţܹλ޶ܡ
Ȼûһͬɣõʮֵ֣Щʮѡߡ
ÿһϳϸ۲ţڴ˱ֳսʽʵܹܿϤ˽⡣
Ҳв˶ʵʵأҲ̫͸ģǾû취ˡ
ЩˣҲСġ
ţԼʵޣͬӣԴƹꡣ
ɴŮϳʱƺ΢üȻҲ壬²͸ʵ
սģֻλޣƮƮȻ䣬㽫λ޻ɱջ˰˷ۡ
λ޵ģܵõ˷֣Ȼƺ˶֪ʵ
ص֮Уȷӿֳ˺ܶţƹĳˣЩ֮ж㲻ǿߡ
ЩУעһղĽͺ
ȻҲ뿪ղ̤֮أʵͳ˲࣬Ҫصö࣬սλޣѻʤ
ȻҲսλ޵ʵ
۾
Ҳ˵ʵԦǲ˶ٵġ
֮󻷽ԲСʹһСľͻС
İ꣬һѡ޶սʱ䣬һꡣ
գֵؾǣѡսޡ
̤ؾţÿ˶֮ӣսģȻȫλޣ
һϳģƽļ档
̤ؾãܽƿ֮磬̲סп츳֮ߣսΣȴû֪
ڣѡսλޣһ˵ע


322 һ
ƽļ棬ʥѡδʼѾ˵ۡ
츳ߣʮͷ̤ؾһƿʥԺʹ߶Ϊ֮̾
ʱ˿̣Լģֱѡս˳λޡ
ؾǺʹؾؾһΪأǷΪ˾쾳Ρ
У˾Ϊ˳˻˽پͬľ硣
˳Ǹո̤ؾľ磬ܹ̤˻
˻֮󣬱˽پ˽پҪɹ˽٣һɹܹ̤쾳Ϊؾ쾳ǿߡ
ͬΪؾ˾쾳ʵ໥֮˵ر
棬һ˳š
֮ǰǰƹμʥѡİʹߣһ˳ĲΡ
ؾ֮ҪһΣñؾѵö࣬ΪˣͱԺؾǿߣֻ˳ˡ
棬˳ǿߣǺúĻпʮ̤֮쾳
λ˳ޣɵСˡ
ƺԼҲ൱ͣЦһ䣬̤ׯ԰
˵ĿȫҲ⣬Ҫʶһ£⼧滹ʵ
ܼ棬ûпܵģͷų֮飬Щϣһȴǵòʧ
š
Ȼ޷ܶԷôԿͶԷж٣ĻڽȥĻ֮УĳЩܹˡ
ܿ죬һͷλ˳Ŀ֦ޣʩչ˼ǿĽֶΡ
ƽȵľĶǽԽ൱̣ǽԼǿһս
Ľˡ
䣬󿪴ϣλ˳Ŀ֦ޣȻȫĶ֣ϻĽ£֦ûñ㱻ն˺üʮΣױ
ʮ֡
ʣߵ֣ϵһڵʮ֣Ϊȫߵޡ
Լ˵ҲǺˡ
ϾƾڵʵѡͱԺ׵ˣκ⡣
֮ؾǿߣϳ
ǷޱȵؾʳӣԼͷˣӥ˶ѡλ˳ޣҶʤ
սȻûмɴҲأȻûʩչȫʵ
ʮ֡
սλ˳޵ؾǿߣȫõʮֵ֡
λؾǿߣ֮һԱԴʥǺƽһӴĴȻΪȣȴһҵ
ԴʥؾǿߣһŮԣѩᰣѩɴȫݳࡣ
ѩᰵʵԲСսλ˳ޣȻǺܼѵĻʤȴҲʮֵ֡
Ҫǣܾѩ᰿϶Ҳʵ
ǿˣӰ壬Ĭ䣬ֻһڵӰӣȴܹΣһźµĿӡ
ʮһͷл磬һؾǿߣαһ׳ƼΪ׳
⻢磬иܵܽܣȴδ̤ؾȻصΪͬμʥѡ
ʮͱԺϽΧڵ޹ȡ
Ĭ仹ǻ磬Ϳ֦ս൱ʣϾؾǿߣܹʩչط
ǿʮֹ
ˣŻΪǼĶ֣̤ؾ֮ʵʵ̫ˡ
µ̤أȻ򲻹Щؾ˳š
Ҳ٣ЩһƣǱӵоӡ
ӿʼڣʱ䣬ͱȵЩʮ꣬ɼֻҪһЩʱ䣬ЩǱȻġ
ʥѡڶڣڽ
Ĭͻ綼ׯ԰߳Իʮֵ֮ƺ˸ǰɨһۣȥλϢ죬֮󣬱㿪ʼʥѡĵڡڣȲ˵ʲôԸǵǣУ໥֮ԣ
⻰ڣȫǰһ
ԣ
˵һĳʽĶսڣ
˶ܿһڣϾ⿼ǵս֮ǰڣģսޣֻǼ˵ǵ츳ˡ
ԣŸֳڵʵ
Ҹǵʱ䣬ȫϢġ
ƺ΢΢ţһУҪжÿһСӣ˭ӣԼûκƣصģҲԺؾǿӣʤ㡣ȻǶԼʵ㹻ģҲѡС
⻰˵ȫ˸ǻȻ
ڣȻʵսڣ
Ȼ֪սӵĹ򣬱ȫ˼
׼һ飿
Ԧ쵱ʵ
ҵ̫࣬Ǻһ飬»ѡ
۾һж
Һһɡ
ջī˵ţߵԡ
һ飬˿϶ܶࡣ
ڹûйҲż
һ飬Һ¬϶Ҫһġ
ԦЩϧ֣ҪУһ飬ҿ϶Ͳһˡ
˵⻰ʵ
֪Ԧ¬޵Ĺϵܺã¬ͱȽϴ󣬷ȣ϶ѡһ顣
޷¬֣һжһЩ
˵ͷδԦѡ
ҷܣҺһ𡣡
ջīЩִ˵
ӻʲôĶ֣ʥѡʸ͸ģһ鵼ʧܣҲûʲô
٣Ѿǧ֮һġȾ˶Ҫ׬ˡ
㲻ܴʥѡʤҲ
⡭ðɡ
һ˼˵ͷ
ջīսѾǵһˣջīǧ֮һġʵ̫
ջīԸһ֮⣬ˣƺ˵ҪĻʱ򣬼ԶԶԶˡ
ƻ幫ˣЩǸĿһۣǰзԸӻڣұۡһӡ
޷Ա㡣
˰֣˵ѡ
ͳ˵ĹϵҲûжôܣ˲ѡһ飬Ҳʲô뷨
ֻǣһվǺʹƹ˷ֿˡ
Ψջīʼպվһ
пԵĵˡ
۾ɨΧһȦһӼԼЦţȻڽȥĵУ׼ºˡ
ЩУڵӣ߳ǿף˻Ľ𣬰˹ɹСɶ࿭Ҳ˶չʿһȺӵܡ
Уؾǿ߰ӥҲԶԶһۣгɱ⡣
˶һʼΪ۳һ֣ЩȻģһڣǾԲŹκζԸĻᣡ


323 ӷ粨
ƺ˴ͱԺд˵ĳƿջһ㣬İÿ˶һ䡣
ſڣŸԾסߵƣר˱õġ
סķſڣСƹ֡
ЩһˣȻһ㣡
УջīЩ˵š
ǿ𣬿⣬ؼҵ̫ˣһĻǱǿԣǺѻġ
ЦһЦûôϡ
ĵģû˺Լһ飬ڽȥĻУܵõʲôôҪβܻøߵ֣
ĵĵط
˵ˣǾò̫
ջī̾˿ҡҡͷҼҪһɲ׼˵ȡ
ô᣿
̲סЦˣճϣɲҪԷƱܹλޣǴʵһҺȣ
ǣ֪ʵܻ֮ˡ
ջī̤أؾ𣬿϶Ѿûеˡ
Ȼƺӣǿ϶ӵıҪǲҪ̫ࡣ
˵Ϣ죬ȵʱ򿴿һھʲôɡ
ǲȥ𣿡
ջīЩġ
Ķһ飬ֻˣʲôĻ᲻ԺܴĿ
ˣҲң˭Ը֮һ飿
ҡͷϢɣ
Ǻðɡ
ջī˵ͷ
Ҳ൱ŷˣ˵Ǻüڼûϣ£ڵΣ
Ǹܹˡ
ȻȥЪϢˡ
ջīǣ׼뿪
ʱſȴͬʱһŵ˽ģڲ棿
ûջīӦűѾԷһ߿ܽһѩš
۾
ǿķ䣬ƺЩ⣬طЩһﻹǲҰģͱԺǿߣ϶档
ֳֻǴܣ˵ᱻȡμʥѡʸ
ǱԴʥˣңкιɣ
ʵ
ǰˣѩصǿߣһ֪ԱԴʥޡ
ңһУ˵ʵҲ΢е˽⡣
ΪˣУܹλصսƽ֣ˣͶֻսλޣǼѲȡʤˡ
ˣǵĶ顣
Ϊ׵Уӣ˵ȴޱȰ·ǵĶ飬ҡ
Ǻǡ
ЦˣڱΨֱҲǵǺãҺһ𣿡
ͱԴʥȫûʲôɲţԷôһ
Ϊйͬĵˡ
̧ͷ߰˵֪Ⱥˣ˭֪ǳǺһ𣬿һԸˣΣ
ʲô
ͷҲ̧һ䡣
ʵϣǳŶԷԴ԰̬ȣͲԷһ𣬲ԷȻԼԼʲô
ܼ򵥣ڵУСʲôջһɹǱԴʥУͬ⣬Ǳܴ󷢴ȱĴһ顣
Ȼ˵

һЦջ񣬶УҺһ飬ʲôô
ô𣿡
Ц϶ʱЩˬˣҪǲһǾͿ϶ᱻԣһǾֻҪԸˣ˵ɵöˣ㻹Ҫʲôô
ҵõۺ֣ǲҲҪøǣ
˵һ䡣
ãȻ޷תõģԼŰɡ
һ׬ˡ˵ģô𲻴Ӧ
ǴӦǻһȺһӣ
˵
㣡Ǻġ
жʱһŭȫɢһھܾңǱԴʥˣȵһ֣ˣ
һС֣б֪ȫϷˣ
£źӣҲٺһˡ
ģȫһʥѡУҵὫ׻֪кͱԴʥ³
ߣ
˵仰ת뿪˷䡣
ЩˣĪ
ջī޺޵Ȼһӵģ̬Ⱦ͸÷źһ㣬ΪԼ˭˭ǲɣ
ճϣ
˰֣¹ϣȻ˵ЩԱԴʥʥѡЩ˽⣬Ȼ˵һֵջҲ˵һǻܹвջʵ
ֵ˱Դʥˡ
ջīһ̾
Ѿôˣкη
һЦЩԼҪǣѵҪһ飬һֵջȫøǲɣ
⵱Ȼǲܵġ
бŵ̬ȹԷ
ȻˣǱֱˡ
˵мǴǻˣ

ƺӵʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
УǷ˲顣
Уܾһ£ͼӴ׵Ĵ˿ȥİжһɵ
ѾˣڣȻԴʥˣֱ
£ûκԸһˡ
ֱҲֻܺջīһ顣
ϣܶ˵ҲѾ֪ˡ
Ӵƹˣۡ˺һ֮⣬ջīһ飬⻹ǧͷ
ˮŮһӣǧ֪ʲôȻţӥ
Ȼӥǧһӣѡһӡ
ǧ˰ӥȻӥŵһС
Ա˰ӥ֮⣬ǿˣܹսλ޵Ŵڣ
ǧѣпܵõʥѡʮ֮һǿߣҪıһֵķˡ
Ԧ¬һ飬⻹һƽĽš
Ԧʵ֪˶һ飬ƽĽţʵҲȻսλʧܣȴ¬ҪǿһЩ
һԦۺʵǧ
֮ʮ԰֮⼯ϡ
ջīһ𣬳˳ЦĿ⣬ȴ̩ȻȫûЩˡ
ţ
Ȼ䣬һ¶ӰվȺУЩįӣԹɹٽţ
һ˼˹ȥ
ûжĻǲһĺһ


324 ɳ
Ŷһ˵ȥ
ٽ֪ûһ𣿡
ѯһ䡣
űЩƵվţ⻰̧ͷһۣˬһЦֵܣҹһˣδӡ
һ𣿡
׳֦
㿴ʵ
ŹһЦ
֪Ըλ޶ɣȴƴŻλޣ˫ȽһµĻһ𣬱ĺˡ
ʵ޹ؽҪһС֮ˣŽһĲҪġ
۾˵
ڵʵؾµĴڣȫ޾壬ͬʱԦ⼶ǿߣ֮
̤ؾˣ˵޷ƥС
£ۺ˭һӣ޷ı״ؾĶ֣ǵܣؾµκˣҪ¡
˵һȫΪҶ丸һ־⡣
׻˵Ȯӡ
Ͻ˸ңΪӣűȻҲʧ
ͳ仰ֵܣűһˡ
ˬһЦȻ˿
һֱĺ£ԼһߵĻ᲻ڵдƣӶһʧȥʥԺĻᡣ
룬ô˵Щףôˡ
˶Թ
ʹ½Ϊ磬Ҳһġ
ż֮㽫ջī໥һ£ڽµĵУĶˡ
վһ𣬺Χ޸оЦ
صһ飬۰
Ҳ룬ҪԼӣĸҪǣ
˵ҲǣҵͦڴģڽȥĵУʲô֣
ڴƨ⻹˵صķʲôΪκһ飬Ƕ֣
ûͱԺ̨֣ʲôˡ
ûһ˿С顣
˵ĵģС֮ҲֻһˣǾԦ졣
Ԧ¬ޡƽһԶԶ˴Ĵָ
Цŵͷδ˵ʲô
֪Ԧûһ飬ЩΣδ˷ϡ
٣˫ڵϵĻܻܹһµġ
֣Ǹѵʲôϵɣ
Ԧԣ۵ƽüͷ΢΢š
ѡ
Ԧ첢δֱ˵˵
֣ʵ츳İٶжġ
ƽŰȻķѣԽۣ
ô˵һ䣬㲻Ҫһˡ
Ԧ쵭˵
㣬֣
ƽһ㶣漴޺޵㣬ǵĺҲаˣ˵ãǹСʲôΣգǾæġ
ұûָæ
Ԧ˵꣬˰ֵˣ˵ЩеûģǰˣֵĹΰɡ
Ԧܻλޣʵ츳İд󲿷ϿɣƽţҲ뱧ԦȰˡ
ȻΪһȥԦ죬ڴ£˵ãڱв˶ìܡ
ƺʱ֮һγǰ
ɨһˣԾȻˣЩ졣
Сӣҵһ顣
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ûбֳκ˸ǰ֮󣬱ɨһˣ漴ʼȥֵĹ
ȥʥѡĵڣ֮һ潻棬սص㣬ʥԺλԺִɳ̣
仰Ⱥв˶Щ֡
ɳ̣
ʲô
һʥԺλԺִģһƺܸ߶˵ӣ
ͱԺͶԺԺԺʥԺԺλԺִĶԲѰ֮
ô˵ɳ̣һС硣
ƺ˵СУθӣȻΣأÿһξ룬һУŲı
ɳУÿһξ붼Ųı
һ⻰ʱ۷Ź⡣
ʥѡĵڣ˶뵽ɳ̵磬ȥЩﰡ
ԭұҸ˵ʥѡǿ飬һʵĻᣬ˵Ļᣬˡ
š
ʣڳİˣÿһ˶ᡣ
ƺ˵ı˵϶ޱȹغĴڡ
ЩһЩ鵤ҩһЩƷսҲһЩ߼似챮Ĵڡ
ƺ𾪺ԾԾԵӣǳ⣬˵ǣɶúúðջᡭ
ţ㽫ɳϸһ¡
ɳ̣СеĿռ伫ܹΪϡÿУһٸ
ÿеıﶼֻͬҪĳõһеıСÿԱһֵۺ֡
ĳһٸаʮ˴򿪵ʱڸλãһ
еı󲻷ܹõΪÿСԱʮֵۺ֣
еıȫ˵õ֮ĵ죬ɳλãͻһռ
ռеıﲻö˵ˣȻǼΪģƺ˶ۺĶ
ռΪÿ˶һٷֵۺ֣
ڿʼǱͶɳ̵ʱ򣬸С齫ᱻɢǵĿ꣬ǵֵɳеȻֺͬʱѰñ
ƺ΢̣̣˭һᱻɳԶͳʧȥȥʸ񣡡
ɳУһᱻԶͳȥҲ˵ɳкɱˡ
ܹһнɱɳ̵ĹҲʲôá
ƺ˵Щڳİˣ۷׷ףҪС֮䣬ʼͣԲߡ
μʥѡģܹİٰʮˡ
ȥУİٰʮˣһٰʮ飬ϾЩǶҲЩֻˡ
һٰʮ飬ֱɳ̵ÿоͲ඼ʮ飬ʮ飬һٸ
˼ţ۾΢΢š
ȻμʥѡȻҪá
СսУڽռ֮ҪŬȥᣡ
ȻǽռܿؾǿߵľⲢɡ
ʮ֡ռһٷ֡
žâܹᵽռеıʥѡУۺֱңңˣ
Ҫռ⣬ǳѣûа취
رǶ˵ֻҵɳУҪĿ꣬кܶ;ģֻǾԿһ֣


325 ҹ
һʱ䣬İԸصȫ˷
һʼ׼ռģɲ
İУҲ̤ؾǿߣԼһЩۺʵǿĶ飬ڴռ⡣
ô࣬ɳУûκζ򡣡
ƺ˵ڣλ׼һ£ǰɳ̵Сˡ
仰бһһĶвϷŴ󣬲˰֮Уһɽˮ羰ͼ
ɽˮ羰ͼУɽɳĮһеӦоУ˿С
סΣ
˵жôţ̵ͼ۾Ĺ۲
һʱͻȻ㷢һǿİ˷׷Сսȥ
ʱܵžӡʼȣƺеҪļһ
Ǵʱӡ̵㣬Ҫӡܱ¶ȥ
ɾԲУ
һѹס˾ӡĿܣ˱һ𣬱̵СС
ֻϷһЩѸٱģԼ·СУΧȫǻ棬ǳʵڵĳ
һ̣оԼ̤ʵأһƬֵС
ԣǺһջīţһ飬ʱȻͬһط
ˡ
ջīɨһܣ˶üΪ
ǽ뵽ɳ̵СУζʱпΣգƺ˵ĻΣղͬʥѡǣɳС籾
ɳжһȻվһСĵĻֱӾͱЩرΣո̭ȥˡ
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£ʩչ˾ӡСֶΣ֮ΧһƬïɭ֣ȫΪɫľɫ
ֱ֮ӹ۲ŨȺԣʱ˿̣УΧȻȫ֮С
ʩչֶΣҵ
źջīЩɻȻӵֶΣ
֪϶ǲ˵ƭǣģ˵ӵб˶ҪԽѰ
ڵɳС
ܹһ
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ۺʵһݾ
Ӧû⣬ǿ뿪
ܿ͵˵ͷɫЩأкһʱٶȳűǰС
ոʩչ֮û˳ҵȴоڸϱߵһϵ籩Ѹٿ
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ʼά֮УǰһƬɫľϵ֮䣬һɫС㡣
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źջī˶ʱһϲ벻սôҵһˣ
ǰһӣ˹ȻһεĽߵУεĽߣûи߹ɭ֣ԶĻ޷ҵټ
ονྐྵȻɫġ
͸ע⵽ˣ
Ǵзɹһܹע⵽һ
Ȼ
ջīϲôҵģ̫ˣ
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ٶȳУܿǽνڴһ̤С
֮УŸֲͬıҲ֪еıʲô
жһĨڴ

ͱԺ
ɳ̣ڿУƺලߣעɳе
˽֮󣬲ͻȻɳеģڽ֮ǰ˭֪λá
ڣƺȴǽɳϵһ
ôܣСӾȻôҵ
ƺһʼע١
ʼϱһƷ籩ڴϮȥһϲΪԾ̭ˡ
ȴû뵽˾ȻֱܣǲƷ籩˸գ
ˣžȻֱֱĳһйȥɭУǲ׷Ŷԡ
ôãɳ̣ɲǹ⿿ߵġ
ƺţ㿪ʼ˲鿴ˣתʼ۲ɳϵ

һ̤
һҩƿ϶ŵҩ
ߵյ룬ڵϷŵֻһҩƿ
ˣɵķ֣ҩƿװöҩȻƷĵҩշõĻܹʡºü๦
Ȼءص˵һöƷҩ硣
ʲôҩ
ҩƿеҩָջīŵʱ˶Щ졣
Ʒҩҹ絤
۾ܵҶԴҩһЩ˽⣬ҹ絤ƲϷǳѶҲСʶʦǰⱲҲֻƹһҹ絤ʮǰʱˡ
֮ǰӫˮݡ컪Ƶ컪ˮ鵤ҲƷҩѣҹ絤ȴ컪ˮ鵤ЧǿһΣ
Ʒ
źջīֱӾͱˣǳô󣬻δ˸Ʒĵҩ
պãҹ絤һԳԳһؾھˡ
Ż֮ɫ
²˳٣ھͷðɡ
˵
ŵɳмжҲбϣҪǣǷҹ絤ܹ֮ͻƣ಻ǰʱ顣
ʱ䣬ȵ𣬱Ͼܷɣʩչ֮ɳСежԶҪöࡣ
š
ûж룬һڱ㽫ҹ絤ˡ


326 ԩ·խ
ŷҹ絤ջīҲû˷ʱ䡣
ҪȴʱϼȻҹ絤ֱӷºˣջīصǻһξ룬ҹ絤֮Ҳ˶ˡ
δʱȥҹ絤
һöҹ絤һء
ֱӽҹ絤Ӹ˾ӡþӡеҩ
ʱʱڣ뿪ɵϿգϸһΧĻ
ʱ֮صȻѾ̤ؾھصľ硣
ϲ֡
Ц˵
˷Ѵʱˡ
ŹһЦЩǸ⣺ҪǺ˴ҲЩڱЩ˸ѹסˡ
ţʰʰˡ
˵ͷ뿪
ڷѾ˵Σ뿪ֱ֮Ӵ˼űѸǰС
ǰиԨҴǹȥ
˵꣬չ˳ͬһͷײȸշ
ܷɣ
ŵɴ۾ֱš
ƹ֪ܷɣǹɹˣδ˵Ϣ
էȻȻǱ׾ˡ
ˣСӻĿɶء
ջīһЦ˫ֱӱסŷ
̫ˬˣңң
ŹһЦѡֵһ飬Ȼûѡ
絽ԣһץסĸ첲
ˣܿԾһɵԨܷɣҪԽԨ˷Ѱʱʱ䣬ܹƵùȥ
Ԩ棬һƬĮżʯӸƣɳ졣
һɳе𽥾ͳ˵֮С
ǻڵܣǰٶȿһЩ
䵽˵ϡ
һ˷ɣȻǱڵÿ죬˵ĻͱȽƽ⣬ٶȷһиһЩ
οڿҲ׽Լ¶˵ߵУɳĻУǲ̫׵
˲ŻɳŻɳежȥ
һ·ʩչ֮˲ٿ񱩵֮ЩСıܿˡ
ֱڣ˻δɳСеȻֺ
Ȼ֮⣬ȴѾв˱ɳСеһЩȻֺϮ֮ʱ˳ȥɥʧ˼ɳ̽Ѱʸ
ЩȻֺ籩ǵ𣬿ǺХɳ
ʲôʽȻֺءصֵܹסģؾǿߣڿնУܹؼΣա
̶һʱʱ䣬ѾС飬ܹʮ˱̭֣ɼɳСЩȻֺ
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ɳеʱ˸Բһ˿ΪǸоƺ˾ĸ
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Էƺû׼͵Ϯ
˸СľʱѩޣȻҡڵĴһʯ˳ǰ
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۾һۿ˶Էݡ
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һЦУȷȷֵģ
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вмһЦҪʶģ͸ӸϽҿǸˡٲǺԼе
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£ǵȻԼʸţʸռǰ
֡
Էϻһ˵ֱ꣬Ӷźջī˽źš
صļһΪ׵ǸУҲǿλ޵Ĵڣʵ̫ˡ
˵㲻ʲô֣
˵ҪȽϵĻеʵ֮ǰɱķѻѰ£ѻࡣ
̤һʱ򣬱ܽѻɱڻһУ
лͬصͬҲҪ£Ҫ֪һҲźջīæġ
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лŵװһƣȴȻѡֱӶ֣ǳ˹
£ٷϻĻԵԼеˡ
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΢̣ڶԸλ޵ʱҪȻĻʱ϶սôѡ
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иܵԼĺѹȵĽڽںˣһҧ޷š
챮
֪ܻλޣʵ϶ȴû뵽ʵȻôǿ
һУչֳ²Ǳɽһǣ
飡
һҧһͷ鸡֣ʱĺǿܹ̫֡
ˣֶʩѹȴźջīĹ
Ÿ̤أյĲǺⲢӰסһˣֻǰһȭһţȻȫǽĹ似
Щ似ÿһ¶ҪģҪĲǶԷҲԼ
ŵĴ򷨣Ȼܾ˵Ĵ򷨣֮ǰԸλ޵ʱһģһ
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սϣ
Ļ£ŵսʽԭʼĲпңƴԼҲҪֳ£
Է˷ţĶֵȻҺӲƴ
ǱԴʥŽڽڰˣֻȽס˽˶֣Χš
Ȼȴ̫Сջīսˡ
ջīһˣӭһصĶ֡
أԲǶ֣һֱ̧֣ʩչˡǧ֮һ
һһէ֣һ˸ǱԴʥӵһһէˡ
ֳⷶΧʱ򣬵ȻУֻܲϺˡ
һ˴Ҳһ⣬Ǿǵ˽˶֣ԸջīһЩ
ȴ֪ʱԶȲˡ
֮
˫齻һ̫ѹǿһЩ
ɱ⣡
ţһһɫ⣬̺Ϯȥ̼佫亮ƿ˺üӡ


327 
ɱ⣬ܹʩչǿֶΣȻ㲻似̫ɵ趯Ĳࡣ
һɱ⣬൱ڱһֳĹֶΣˡ
ȫһ˪ףҪֵЩɱ⡣
Ȼܿ췢֣ʩչķ似޷סЩɱ⣡
ʱ䣬ǲ˪ױ㱻ɱ⳹׻ɷ飬飬Ҳûһ˿һķ
ɱ⣬ȻڲϮ
飡
鼱֮£ֻܴ߶Լı飬Եֵɱ⡣
档
۾صʱɱ⣬ܹԸصʵ壬Ҫ˵Ѿ̤ء
ɱЯƣѸϮͷ顣
ҪֵȻɱĿֲƻȴڱϻһӣ̼Ѿǧٿף˼Ϊء
Ѿغһ飬𣬶ޱ˺Ҳǳ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ǱϱɱѣбѾʹ಻ڷ·ֻڿҧ

вջ˱飬ŭȵ֣ͣøˣԩ޳ûбҪͷѪ
ȻҲˣͬ鱻źջīϵģֲ֣ھġ
ֻϧԷ鼱֮˵Ļ
ƺҪøҰɣ
һЦҲ˵ˣԩ޳𣬼ȻˣΪңҲ˳ۣ
ҴˣҵǸڣ뿪
еУȻŵźĿǣƺѾǸˣǾˡ
úϻɱϮƿ֮ɫ䡣
еֶѾȫʩչˣ鶼ܵشڵûκΰ취ֵĹ
ʱЩڣӳ˲
СӣͱԺĺ̨ô׶Ը뵽ģ
һҧţĲʡ
תͳԶжӣȻٶܱȵɱ⣿
貣Ϯȫ֮ʣɳ̵֣뿪ɳ̵С硣
УǱסһȴҲʧȥɳ̶ᱦʸ
ɳûʲôΪôʥѡȥĻУǺ˵ۺֲ϶ԽԽֱûһ˿һĿԣܹʥѡӱ
б׷ŴĳͬУ˾ʧ롣
˻ܣսﻹѵĿܣ
һʱ֮šջīСȫͳɳ̣ǼܣҲǾܲĵġ
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׻˵ĺãܾ²Ҫģȥ˼ƴ˼ҵȻˡ
ջīЦһ
ˣʲôɡ
ָָɳĮ漴ˣ˹ȥ
ܿ죬̤ɳĮе
ڿյ룬ڷһľƺӣʩչ֮͸ӼһѴ״Ľ⡣
һѴսȻ׵ĵ似
˴ľƺӣоȻһѴսԼһš
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Щá
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ҡҡͷǲҪĴ򷨣ԸһʵĻУҪǶǿߣǾһöûˣԼø졣
ţˡ
ŵ˵ͷ
֪䣬ŶѾΣҶ˵ĻΪŷ
˸ոԸе龰֪ȻأʵȴԼǿöࡣ
ڽȥɳ̵жУҪĺȣΨвǿԼʵ
еĴ󵶺似˵һõĻᣡ
űŴ󵶣ֳֵţһ߹ۿһߺջīһ𣬸߳ɳĮе
ıߣ
ջī
߰ɡ
һָ˶ߡ
Ȼܹʩչ֮Ҳ޷̫ңԶĵطߣɳ뷽
֣϶λãҪͱȫ׼ϾʱԵģпؾǿߡ
ľźջīûзԡ
˱ɳĮУһ·Ŷȥ
ʱ˿̣ɳ̵ط֮ĳͻҲ𽥱ԽԽࡣ
ǸССĳͻСڵĳͻ
ģҵһֻиһṩıһ˭õ
ܶʱɵС飬Ϊڲìܱ
ȻϾһСģǻɳ̼ȥĻͲܴ̫ף϶дĹ
һСʱ䣬Ͷ˷ᱦˡ
ҲвСˣ֪ɳʱ䱦ûڱ˷ʱ䣬ֱӾ
˳ÿҵһжڶӦˣʡ˲ʱ䡣
һҵװöҩҲͱȽϲˣΪöҩһУվֻܷһö
öԼҲ϶͸ˣ׼Լȥȡҩ
һЩɳеʵ͵ò̫
ˣÿҵһʵһΣ
رţ̤ؾھأȻõ˴󵶺͵似ţܹɹǵ似ʵһԾΪ֮еǿߡ
пսλޣ
ȻڵţǲһЩ̣ϾãҲûʲôطֻĻʯ򣬿񸫷
ɳеõ챮
ţ漴ҡҡͷ
õ챮̺챮Ҳһʱܹġ
ôãҲһԾΪ۷ǿߡ
һ;ۺҪȻɳлܶ࣬ҪʵҪĻԼ
˼ǰУܿһƬߡ
룬һεǳɫˮϿա

һɨһΧȴΧȻѾкüˣڶˡ
ģıȽϰСޣͭףͭߣԶչʿ
֮⣬ˣֱںΧȴʲô˭û
ͷһЩΣգǲ
۾ܿ췢һ㡣
ΣյĻѰޣȻðմˮǰС
˵ȫûʲô
Ϊɣ
ߣ
˶ֱַץźջīֳʱźȥ
һĻΧС飬һɴ۾
Сûﵽؾôܷɣ


328 Ե
˿ûΧСĿ
źջīһȸչʱɵߴźɶȥ
ںºлʲôΣɵʱ򣬾ܸߡ
˺Ͽգ·һȥ˲֪ΪʲôΧС˻ᱻںߡ
УȻǼΪǿҵˮУ
һۿȥ֪еˮʩչˮҪǿö࣡
Ѱص޽УȻǱɣҪǺΨеȴеˮУǿС
źջīԾ̤ܿڡ
̶ʱڣ㷢֣еˮУǿĹУȻȽϻȥĻһʱص޻ͨˡ
ֻϧΧСޣǵȲǸʱˡ
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չʿͭ໥һ£űں߶׼֮󣬽ס

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ǰһʵ

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ս޵ʱȫսλޣսЩѡ
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ҵĴѾˣ
ű£ֳִ󵶣һ˺ߡ
顱ȻһĽŲݽ˺ߵУɼжôǿᡣ
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ûκԥչʿսųɱ˹
Ȼ֣ܷɣΪҪŷ
в²⣬ⶨȻΪҪ뿪Ļٶ̫Ӳǵ׷٣˲Ŷš
Ȼ׳ˣǵȻŹʹˮĻᣡ
չʿȫ֪ǱԵġ

Χûκͣ٣дֱӻһ󵶹һ޾硣
սϹܹ֮ʩչһʽܹʩչͨ似۴һ
һȥ˲佫չʿû
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ǽɳ֮ǰŴûġ
ĽȫΪ
֮ڿзеɾڵţ
ƣ
չʿڼѵֳִֿ󵶣ֱӶһ˻ӿȥһ貵档


329 챮
Ŵս֣һ򵱹أĪļơ
һ֮չʿȻ˿·磬Էѹţ
˸
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ʣˣͭµ˫۶һ£ӶԷпһĨȻ֮ɫ
ԭ˻ԿСˣеõı
ڣȴķ֣˼һ𣬶Сеţ
ǺдսɳСеõıǵȻҪ
Ȼÿûʵ
ڣǲܻŵˣ˵лһջīġ
ֻһ˼˱ֱ⡣
ȻʱһЩݶͻȻһд˳ǲҪˣһˣֻ·һ֣С˸ˣһȡеı
仰£ΪѸٵӰһд˳ȻԼٶȳͻϮȥ
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УɫΪ֮һ䡣
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ճϣϣ
ȻῴŶһ˶ԵС
Ҫ˵ܹ˶ԸţֻйɹСӣɶ࿭һˣŶһܹԸˡ
ڿէ֣·ȻϮȥ
붯ֵĶչʿʱŵȥ
ǻˮͻϮɶ࿭˷ֱϮ˹ȥںԱߣˮٶȷǳ죬ֻ˲䣬˾ŵˮУ
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ɶ࿭һߣȫɢųŨҵĽâѸγһƬķΧˮжֵסˡ
ɶ࿭СˣûܵʲôӰƵģɱţ
ڰգɶ࿭ᣬеĿ꣬ȽŸ˵
ոһԣŶչʿ֪ɳ˲ղܴʥѡӱҲΪɶ࿭в
οźһǱ㲻ö˵ѾԶվɶ࿭Ķ档
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㲻˵Щɶ࿭챮Ҳɶ࿭ˬˡ
ܴĸɶ࿭ǼǾԲзŹɵġ

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ɶ࿭֮ˣЩסһʱ֮޷ǰС
Ȼɶ࿭Χȴһâǽ챮ɵ򣬷Ϊֲ
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͸
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飬սһƻŶ᲻á
ܵвʱֻѡ֮һ
Ȼɶ࿭Ľһƣվû䵽Ŀϡ
ɱ⣡
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Ȼ̤ɳС֮ʵ࣬Ҫɶ࿭ƴ̫Զ
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Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣡Щ⣬һ챮ɣ
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ҸղţҲûͷųء
һЦּͷųԼ̫֮顣
˫֣죬Ȼǿȴԣͬ챮һ֣עҪƴʤ
飬עҪҽ̫³
ɶ࿭һȣʱһâɢ챮˲һ̫
˭˭˵㣿
һЦȫ߶̫򣬺òײŽԷһֵס
˫Ȼ챮򣬵ɶ࿭أһأ߳һ
˵ó̫ĻȷƴԷ
͸
ɶ࿭׼Դһ⣬ѹ
һн͸ɱǲԭ챮ֶۣΣ޶ȵļģ
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ɶ࿭͸ɱ⣬һƺ£ǽƿ̫ۿҪһı⡣
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ֻأ
ԻȪ
似ʩչֽ׶ܹԵеǿֶΣ
ֻϧڴˣǹɹСӱˣ֪࣬
СӣȻѡСӲƴˣ
СӵĽշ򣬿챮򣬶ұҲӵصʵԸСӻСһ
׷Ц
Ȼһ̣ҲЦˡ


330 
ɶ࿭һ۽â͸ͷ
Ȼ̫ѹƵ£Ȼһȭֻ֮ءԻȪ似ʩչ
ֻһȭֻ֮ɶ࿭˾һ磡
ɶ࿭ȼ䣬ûüӦоһӰεĴڣȫסһ˿޷͡
ԻȪɱ
ӭһȭɶ࿭Ȫ֮·죬˲ƿһ򣬽ɶ࿭С
ž֮ӿȶһȭɶ࿭š
һȭ̺Ŀֲɶ࿭˶ɳȥֻ˲䣬α㱻ɳ̵ǿд˳ȥǰʧ
һȭɶ࿭챮û취ֱֵӱɱ״̬
һû֪ʱǶʲôвˡ
һ
³ĸ֣Ųʣϣɶ࿭ĸ࣬ǹɹޡ
Ƕչޣɶ࿭Ĺƻûеһʱ뿪Ҫ뿪ȴˡ

ʱšջīٴ·
ɶ࿭չʿȻֱӽͳɳ̵С硣
ŽɳС缸ʱѾв˱̭ˡ
У̭˲ԭǶԷУЩؾǿߣûôսֻһ·Ѱ
˭ؾǿߣ϶û˿սӣһѡ
֮СɳΧѸٴУʲôȻֺܹǰܿɳˮ
һʱȥˣܹҵʮĿѾɳСʮ֮һ
вμʥѡСУСҵġ
УҲ˲СҪᣬȴҪôߣҪôֱӺɳ硣
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ԶԶʮؾǿߣܻܵܣӿһ·Ȼܹȥᡣ
ȻԼʵţţҲ֪ڵؾǿߵĶ֡
ֻ˳Żһˡ
ˣСջҲǼΪḻ
ЩУıܹĵҩûڵ
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Щ֣Щеĵҩṩ޷õĵҩûи޷õĵҩ
޲μʥѡƺһЩƣΪսǵҩ似޶ûа취ʹãɳСʵ
ʥѡޣ϶Ĳⲹʲô
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ƿ㹻ܹͻƵģҪԼԡ
һ㣬̤ء
ţõЩҩ֮ȽϿϧûн
ûйϵźջīѾ̤أСսѾȸսɳ̵ʱǿࡣ
˵˵ҩ֮⣬˻Щеõ˲似šս
Уһ似ţջīһ似ţǷš
似棬ȱյˮĻˮɳмصЩ似ʤһ
οһµ似Ҳû취ԸؾǿߣûҪ׷ѹ
ʱ䣬Ѿ似򵽸߲ȥ
似֮⣬սһƷɫջīʱ֪ʲô;
һƷĹľټףţһŵսüǿƴսʽҲ˱øǿ
Щ֮⣬˻õһЩŹֵĽһУûʲôΨзۺ֣Ҳǻõ֡
һУ˵õһָָУ˵õһϢǱɳС磬Ľ׼ȷλá
ָ϶ֹһ
õָޣ϶ʶĳǸ򿿽׼
С飬ҲǳŽλãǰУ;Ѱˡ
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˵ɳУμʥѡСڶ࣬൱ӣȵ֣ǿԳһ»ˮ㡣
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лڣһ֣Ҷ֣
ҪþƱûңΨԼ֣ܽƣӶˮ㣡
ǿɵȥȵ㣬С
ջī˵

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˵꣬鿴һܣʱûˣֱں̲ڳһؿӣ漴˽ȥ
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Ǻһܹʩչ֮ҪȻ˾Բܷ˵ټ
ֻҪһ򿪴ﵽʮ֡
Ĺ㣬һʱȥӦòˣϾС鷢ֻߴ򿪵Ѿﵽ˶ʮ
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ͻܵʱϣͻȻһκˣͬʱϿոֳһӰ
ӰԿøǧﷶΧڵȫ
ˣ
һ֪ԼӦжˡ
һǽԻᱻȴ룡


331 ֵ
ڻͻΧС飬ܹʮڵȴŻᡣ
ģȻߣСޣÿһܹսλ޵ǿߡ
һһص㣬ǾЩȫޣ
ʲô˵޶ܵܵһָͷȲϣ
ͻȻ䣬һӲ֪ʲôطֱӴ뵽˶
ţڻҪŻܳŽȥʱһ󵶹ͻȻŻͻֹȥ
˱һֳִ󵶵ޣŭĳ˻ܣһͷϻޡ
ڻ磬ؾǿߣܹΣȻܶԼܵܲܡ
ĸҵܵܣ
ǻͷԵļһȻؾǿߣԼĵܵܣȴǼΪά
ֱӱɢˡ
漴һХ·ֱ̲ӽֳִ󵶵ˣһѪ
ֳִ󵶵ޣȻš
ҪΪؾޣұˡ
Ѫȴ˿ûкˣŴЦֵܵսһ޺ޣ˭ǿһЩԶܱܵ󣬾ͲΪһų򣿡
Щ絹ûʲô޷εĻܣȴ̲סˡ
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ţܣ
ڳǸԶֻ֪ڸ米ķ
Ҫһս
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ое㲻ףܼܵǵ˵ͷͬʱΧһۣЩޣҵܵܣҪ֪ߵغһڼ䣬˭Ҳȥһһɱ㣡
⻰һЩ޹ȻҶһͷǡ
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һȴվͣΣҲҶ
ܵҪǱֵ̭Ļȥɾ͵òκˣһܼͱԺĻᣬ΢΢ˡ
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ڻ統ȻҶˡ
ô˵СҪˡ
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ʵȷʵȲؾĻ磬һϸսƻС鴦ǣŻıߡ
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ջīʩչ似ӯ̤˶Уһȣ뺣ϵľߡ
еõƷ似ջī˳ѧΣʱʩչٶһ㲻Щ
ټǵһʼ̵ģֻǱ˿һʱ䣬ôʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ȫˣ

ջīʮɿ⣬׷ᣬһȣһȭӰ뽫ջīɱ֡
ȻڵջīʵҲ˴
ģ
ջīһ߳Ľ֣˲佫ԷǵȭӰֵסˡ
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Ǹ߹ٻӰ˽ĴűرˣѾɹˡ
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Ҫ˵ֵĻ˵֣ʵİжǰУջīļʮ֣ǰé
ǣҪʮŭ𡣡
翴ŽĴŹرգҪŵķŭ֪
ԭΪޣΪؾǿߣһСӣûô
ڣȴһ̵ӡ
ӡû̹ģҪǸһᣬһԥɱš
ΪǵĽŵϣпǰ̤ܵͱԺĻᣡ
գܵ޷ͱԺпܾΪʮ֡
ռһٷ֣ûж룬֪ʵ⼸ؾǿûʲôơ
뼧ȣơ
һٷۺֵռ綼ûʲôյõ־ڱصõĽȻ˸ˣ
ߡ
һץ˻ܣһסţ߷
ջīȴͬһҲܹ룬ˣʧȥ˽еʸ
ͨ˽һʱ֮󣬱ʧ
ǲ֪ܴڶá
һ·ȥڻУؾĿ຺ӻ磬춯
˲ܷɣֻĿǰһжĽʵ


332 ѪӰ֮
˽ڴһɿ˻ܣ漴һ𣬾ֱ˽ǽڣУʧ
ŵԣֻҪ粻ҪҶ㲻˺ܡ
ʱ㽫ܶ˺У˵˿
е˻磬ֵܣʮţȴǽȻֵõġ
š
̧ͷջīˣ˽̻˻֡
ţǿеıʲô
ջīһ֣һ˵
һܣֽͨ𣬾ڸһЩеıƺҲҪ١
ܹ
һ۱ӡ
һͭӣһӣһƽӣװŵĶس̶Ӧǲͬġ
ȽǴ򿪣Щʲô
ûж룬ֱ
ʧʱ϶ͨþԶһʱʱ䣬ܶڽС
ǽʧ޴Ͳ֪Ҫѻ׷ɱˡ
Ȼʱ䳤Ļ϶ҲǣϾǿ϶Ҫǰȡһռġ
ռ󣬳ɳСλá
Ҫ⣬϶ǰȥģǳĿ˰׼һٶߡ
ͬʺɫӣ˲δʲôìܡ
ϾɳСУһ·񣬼ٱûз䲻ģźջī൱Ρ
Ҫǻ˱ʲôС飬ֲʵӣ¾ͻһЩìܡ
ֱӴ򿪡
һƷĽ似š
ͭӣüͷ΢塣
似˵ûʲôãſ϶ҲûʲôãΨһõϵıջīˡ
ճϣˡ
ֱӽ׸ջī
ջīһ㶣漴ֽס
Ҳûô
ջīЩƣɲǵͼĽǰûĻҪ似Ѷɷǳ֮
ôƷĽ似˻һЩŵ׹еĻǿ
ڱĴƷ似һ֣ܹ뵽ЩؾϹֵС
ɴ˿ɼͱԺĵ̣ԶЩ׹ȵġ
ӣһöҩ
򿪰ӣоȻֻһöҩܵŨǳƷĵҩ
ƷǼƷĵҩ
źջīһ㶡
⻹ͷһμֻһöҩ˵ǿɾͲһһöˡ
ȴ򿪻ƽӡ
ʱûȥö֪ȼĵҩǼ˻ƽӣ򿪡
ƽһʱһѪɫâ˳˿ȥ
漴ûʲô˲𽥿ӡ
һս
һ֮УЩ͡
ƽеǼսѰսһսݻƽϵսֽѪӰ֮硱
ѪӰ֮磬ȫֻһˡ
ǣȴȷȷʵʵһս
һ̧֣ȥ׽ѪӰ֮磬ȴָ޷䲶׽֡
ˣһС֡ѪսԼѪսԼܹٿأ
һɨڲһ˼ʵս˭Ҫ
Ȼ֪ѪӰ֮;ǿ䱻װڻƽֵ֪ƣٿ϶һöƷƷĵҩ
ս͵ҩ㶼Űɡ
벻źջīȻͬʱҪѽõıﶼø
ˣ֮ǰжУѾΪõôԼȴֻõһЩҶеĵҩʲôûС
ЩҩȥûܹӦҲˡ
ڼöƷƷĵҩӦ̤زŶԡ
ѪӰ֮սƷսҲѰսνѪս϶൱ǿᡣ
źջīȻҲҪѪӰ֮սȴ֪ʱøˡ
Ȼˡ
һ˼˵ͷûгɡ
õöҩĻȷ̤ˣٵõѪӰ֮սĻʵɻһ¥
ڣǶϻؾǿߣпֵܵƬ̣
ʵǿĻ֮ռҲϼְա
οѪӰ֮Ʒս취һ£ΪƷս
һѪӰܹ֮Ϊɱﵣ
ȻսѪӰ֮磬ô϶;кǿɱͼٶȣһս
ѪӰ֮Уܹӳá
һˣûԥ
ЪϢһӣϾǻпܻ档
˵ţճϣǸһʱ䣬취̤ء
š
˸Եͷ
ʱ䣬ͬҪ˵ǵδѧܹѧƷƷĴսȻܹӳǿ
ջīҲ뽫Ʒ似һ¥Ȼ´л˷ʱ䡣
˸˸䣬ʼ
һڷöƷ߼Ʒĵҩ֮ͬǰµЩҩʱʼ֮У漴ʼе顣
صľ磬̤룡

ʱ˿̣ɳСͷ
ƺϸɳСеɫԽԽ衣
һʼͷ쳣ȻɳСжױܿеȻֺʡ˲֪ʱ䡣
ңȻҵСڻӻ˽
⻢磬Ƿ
ƺţһĨâ
Ȼǿߵģɣ˵ҲǺйأ˵ĸĸйء
ڵƺԿ϶϶ʩչʲôֶΣɳСȥ硣
ıܿȻֶֺΣԲһѰСܹġ
ѵǱڱָ
ƺôһͷ漴ҡҡͷ֪ڱһֱţκλ
ȻǱǱСԼֶˣСϣŲܡ
ƺۡ
ȤԽԽˣҲɱԽԽء
ΣԲɳȥ
ȻˣȻòȡһЩֶΣܼĬˣҪȻȥܹʥѡʤʥԺ
һƺɾͲöˡ
ʥѡ֮ǰû취ʥѡʤ
ԭƺǺߣϾʥѡֶκѣֻҪ㼸仰Ƶ˼⣬ʥѡȻܵ谭
ƾص磬첻ɣ
ڣˡ
ı˲ԡ
Ȼû취ֹʥѡʤǾͱʥѡ֮ǰأ


333 ӭս
ʱ˿̣ڽеȻ֪ƺ뷨
öҩ֮еҩԼɹ̤ؾھصľ硣
ؾ֮ǰ߾磬ֻҪͻƿ˺һ⾳̤ؾ
ȻҪ̤ؾɲô򵥵ģٲڵܹ
ϸһ£ǻﵽٶصʱһ
ϼӡİپ֮ʩչǿٶѰص޶Ҫǿࡣ
˵ֶεĻڵ˵Ǵﵽؾ֮޵ֵľ硣
벻μһʥѡȻջô࣬ˡ
ţű㽫עǼƷսѪӰ֮ϡ
ԼָѣѪǻƽУ̱ܵԼܹǻƽѪӰ֮硣

һ̧֣ʱѪӰֱ֮ϣұһѪɫ
ţпдһ£
˵

ŶԴ֮ãΪڸոͻƾʱҲڽеѧɹҪء
һ棬ҲҪжǿ
Ȼһֱѹ֣ûԼһµĻû취׼ȷᵽǿ
˾ڽд
ҪĿģҪһѪӰ֮սʲôãɻͷһμ̬սأȻһѪɫķ硣
磬ǿģѪӰ֮磬׼ȷ˵ĳڴ߶ڵĿҳѪɫ
磬Ϊ鶯֮һ
ſʼд֮һ㽫ѪӰֱ֮ͷ˳ȥȻ˲ŴһѪɫϮš

źˬһЦһѪɫն£ʱһĨʮֵϯ
ʮֵ⽫Ѫɫһն飬ȻѪɫȴ˲仯Ϊ֣ӿȥ
ΪǷ磬ѪӰ֮磬ʼ޷
һѪӰ֮һԡ
ֻҪѪӰ֮ɢսͻԶڡ
ǣ
һѪӰ֮ʱΪһ壬һӽȫס
֣ͣͣ
æ˰֣ϸֳһĨƵɫ
ôˣ
ԣһֽ̧ѪӰ֮˻
սҸоǳ֣ұΧʱ򣬸ܵڵѪҺ·Ҫȫһֲ̫ˣҪǸûа취
ľս˵
Ѫ
üͷ΢壬ѪӰ֮ѵѪ
ȻĻôԸԼˣҪѪӰ֮ΨԵеʱˡ
ţд˼ΣҪϤһʮֵ⣬ԼоѪӰ֮սȥˡ
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
Ѱͷȡ֮һʱʧȴʮʱ
ȻΪ˷ֹ˶ڽͷ뿪޽͵Ϯ
һʱ䣬棬Щ뿪ȥѰʥء
һʱ䣬׵أ߶ӡµõսѪӰ֮磬һ¡
֮ѪӰ֮磬ڿԳ֮ΪѪӰ
ѪӰ̺ŵѾѪӰ˾֮ƷһƷս
ھӡָսѾ̹ˣϵľǹ̫鼶Ʒսġ
ڣֶһƷսѪӰ
Ȼ֪ʲôãƷսôġ
ҵЩϣǻ绹ûߡ
۾˵
ǰɣֵܣǻǻʵؾǿߣ̤أҲǲС
һ죺Ҫ֪ǻؾǿ屶˵ܹ÷ǵǿʮֹ
ֻһ˵ڶһʱ䣬ǼһҲ϶˰ɡ
һЦ
ʵϣЩҪսһؾǿߣжǿⲢԴ󣬶Լʵź֪
ջīԴû˵ʲôеǶģ⻰ûбҪ˵
ʼʧˡ
˳Χһȥǽڣ𽥱ԽԽ֪ٹã᳹ʧȫûֹһ
ɳ̵С磬Ҳ֪δģеһУԵ൱
ûж롣
͸𽥱͸ǽڣΧһ˳ȥһ죬ΪȻǻͻں̲ϵأ
ǻûߡ
ɫһ䡣
ؾĻ磬ſһս᲻֪ԼԷĲࡣ
Ҳ϶ǶԷĶֵġ
£һۼ磬еһðͷǣҪϳɳ̵Сˡ
˻ĽɳСȥ
ܣ
ô죿
ջīĿͶδʧ룬ǳ侲
ʱ϶а취ģһֱıֱ֣
Ϊʶûз
սɡ
һĨȤɫ
ԭֻһ룬ȴûϵ⻢绹ͷһ춼û뿪
Ȼɲ⻢ʧˣսڱУ
ǶԸܣٶȽͳȥڻ磬Ȱס
Ұѻ˵̫δؾǿս֪ʵﵽʲô̶ȣûо԰ܹսʤԷ
µǲսҲսˡ
ҪܣҲӲ׷ɱϾؾǿߵٶȣǿöˡ
˵꣬ЯźջīˣȻֱź̲ϵĻֵ˼ɹȥ
һֱں̲ϵȴĻֵȫû뵽ġ
һȻ
վ͸һĨ׹⣺ĵ룡
Ҳ벻ڳɹʲôĿˣģʲô
統ȻܷŹ
ʮ֣ǹϵܷܵʥԺȻôˣܸģ
Сܣţҽȫɱ
һ̧֣𣬳ӭ
뷨Уһ֣϶ֱӴݿĽ˶ɱϾؾǿߡ
ڣԸеκһֻҪһУ
Ȼϵ鷢ˡ
ֻЯ˷ɵ˺̲ϣȻֱӽźջīź̲϶ȥѡ˶һӭսؾĻ磡
ʼʩҵܵв𣿡
ŭһ𣺡̫ˣһҪԸһԱͬҪץסҵܵܿö࣬һнɱ
Լʵǳš
ûȥźջīͷųԼĻ飬һӿһȭ
һȭѾ߰˳ɵҪһȭɱ


334 ս
ͷų߰˳ɵʾѾûС
ûκеĿܣΪһܿٽܾܵͻٱٴνٳֱ֣ӱֵ̭³
ԣһȭȫԸһƷ似ʮʮİȭ
һȭؿޡ
Ŀ𶯣һȭƳգһգ۱㵽ǰ
һǿɱֻϧ
оâһ˻뷨
κһصޣڻһȭ£޷ת˵ȥ˼εֵηˡ
ڣһȭǸո̤ؾھص
ȸ֮裬
ԭֻ߶̫Уʱ˿̣ȴٴγһڵľ޴ʱչ
һȭδȭȵƺҪס
Ȼ̫˲䱬һ̫֮㽫ѹƸƿˣչһ㳯Ÿ߿һܶȥ
һȭˣԭҪһȭ
Ȼȴû뵽ܹǿƿ˿ٶȳŸ߿շѣ
ˡ
߰˳һȭȻֱˣ㱻κ˿о˼顣
ȻӵǿĿѹӵôٶȣ
ܣ
ŭһһ¸Щ⧲Ҫڿеķٶȣȵ
ؾǿߣܹغΪһ壬ڿкУ
ν󣬳Ÿ߿һܶȻӭȴʩչˮ似
ŵˮ۳ΪУ϶º˻磬ƴͬٲ֮ˮӾ콵
С
ȫû˷ϣһɢȻƾ㽫ŵˮи𿪡
ʩչˮûһˮܹմϡ
ʮİȭ
һȭμۣһȭٶҲñȸղŸǿת˲֮䣬ֲһν֣
ûôף
һһ̧֣ˮĻͻȪϱڣͬһʱǰͼֵһȭ
ȻȪϱһУȻǿᣬǷƷ似ˮĻҲ򵽴ɵľ硣
ַ似һ𣬶ûʲôȫֵסһȭ
ѪӰ
ʩչַ似ͬʱһһ̧֣㽫յõɹƷսѪӰͷ˳
һѪӰĿ磬ƹ˻ʮһȭֳ򣬳ŻΧ˹ȥ

ûôЩΪ޵൱ǿرѾ̤ؾǿߡ
ǱЩҲĲֺܵˣ
ܣһȭݿĽŲˮĻ˲ݻ٣ֽȪϱֱӺ顣
ַ似һ𣬾ȻֻһȭɵʣһȻϮ
ֻأ
һȭֻ֮ɢǻһȭٴ½ɡ
װ壡
ţ׵˸γһƬ貵
һȭȻ۽غλãֱҷ˿ȥ
ţ
üͷ΢壬оһȭ֮󣬾Ȼδʲôˡ
СӣȻ似סʮİȭ
¶һ˿أոһȭѾʹ߰˳ɵ˻ûκε
ѵԸһ̤صСӣҪʹȫɣ
ľսʱûľ
ؾѾˣ̤ؾǻˣ
ˣ
׹һڴ⣬óٷ֮ٵʵҲҪٶȽ
ȻʱͷųľѪӰȴڴ˷Χ£ΧС
ѪӰɭ׵һӾ͸Żȫһʼ绹ûоʲôܿ죬ͲЩȻƤϣʼѪҺ
ҹ
ƽСϷȫȻҲһ
Ȼ̤ؾطȴֻ񼶵ķ򣬰ȭҲʮķ
ʱ˿̣ȭͨ鱬һ˲ȫӿȭӰϵľѪӰ˺ü󶴡
ȻѪӰȴûʵ壬ֻҪǺûб𣬾ʼ޷𣬱ƻ
Ȼ˼󶴣Щɭ׵ѪӰȻܿɴܹЩ©Żȫ

ѪӰʼ㻢ǿӲȴҲܲסĹֶΣѪʼϱѪӰ
ЩѪҺѪӰɫøһЩ
󣬲Щ֡
ѪӰѪҺ֮ѵʲô仯ɣ
⵹˲Ȥʱ߶ѪӰԸٶ㻢ڵѪҺ
粻ϴŭȫȻʱ˿̣ȫʹˡ
޷ϵľѪӰؾǿߣȴҲûʲôֶܹΡ
ģΨٶȽ㶨һЩ϶Ͳˡ
ûƤ񣬼ǾѪӰѪҺٶҲǳ
ֱֻȫĸоûܲڰˡ
Ҳִܼ죬ӵǲţʱ㲻ޣ
ŭһȫһɭѪӰڶ
ɱ⣡
˾ѪӰǣƣûҪ뻢Եˡ
̫֮鸡ֳɭɱ⣬˪һ⣬ƳϮ˻硣
չǣڿа׼뻢
ɶ񣡡
һɱ⣬̺ܵŵǿƻҽӣΨкһȭһȭɱ顣
ɱ˵õĻȴҲ޷Ӳ
ʼû취׷ԶԶĺȭ磬Ҳɻ⡣
Դ̤ؾǴûһص޺Լս
СӣȻ˹̥
ҪƴȫɱȴԴԴϮĽŲ
ڣһȦص˺̲ϡ
ʱ˿̣̲ϵսѾ䶨źջīֱ֣ӽͷϻ޻Ʒ
һΣǲδԻʣرǼȻס֮һ˿ϣ
Ǻ֣ܻ⻢ӣ
ľսźջīѪֱӽ̭˳ȥ
˫ԹѾ£ڻܣûҪ֡
ˣ
ȫɭѪӰ˻źջīȻܸܵˣɳ̴˳ȥŭȼ
ޣʵ̫ˣȻҶܵº֣
ɭȻĿɨһˣ㣬Ƿս϶ʣ࣬޷ٺսˡ
ؾǿߣѭϢܹ֮ȣ


335 
ɨһۣźջīС⡱һ¡
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ӣǴĵȫġ
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ѰУ̤ˣǿߣܹɨһṳ̂ؾĴڡ
Թʹ½޶ӡΪˣؾǿʹ½ϣŻӵϵλ
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šջīվһ𣬲δ˷ʱ䣬Ǵ߶״ĵﲻţԼٶȻָ
ܵźջī֣ص˵ҴסǴӲͱ󣬶ɧžˡ
źջīԿĻ϶һжӲסͻᱻɱ
Կ϶Уڻܻ磬ѾһȽϺõİ취ȴǺаա
źջīɧţǰվͻϼ֡
ǧסһԱԼΪأɲܱ˵ˡ
һ䣬ĵŻˡ
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ȫƺȻϾ̫򳹵׺飬漴һȭš
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һһֽźջīƿǧһ֮ʣоâ֣չ
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ЦһۿչһֱӷɵͷԾǿƣܵȥ·
ţһȭҵϣ
Ϊһȭȫܹ޴ӵɱˣС߽̭ܵȥ³
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ģ
һĨʮֵ⣬Ϯ̼ն˻ΣһŽâġģҲ༲ɶǿҵս־һ̾Ҫӡڻļϡ
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ŭһȫһαŵʮֵ⣬ջīġģûܹ˺ֺ
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ڣûбѡ
ҪԿ磬ʩչű޷СʱҲźջīչСжĺôˣҲһʼϵ
űһˣ
˷̤ǰһź⣬һ۾֮űַ˲ڻ米Ƴһ·Ҫ졣
һУԶ鼶ؼ켶ǿ似ڴԴʱ似
ֻصʱ򣬱һжԸصĶ֡
̤ص磬һʩչǱȵʱǿ˲֪ٱһȭıƣΪ֮
յסźջīĹƣõͻȻʩչɱ
ʱ˱ǿеֵűһ˵

ǻ磬ʱ̲סʹĺ
һȭֱӺ䱬󣬽ʵĺ󱳱ϡãһӳöδܵʹࡣ
ӱɱ㣡
ŭһһУɱﵣȻȴȻɱңҵҪȥ㻹ʲôֶΣ
Ȼתв׹⣬ǸɭѪӰԵüΪǱ
ȻȫȴǿžȻΪһͷϻΪ̬ޣʵȻǿϲ١
޷սʤ磬ܹƵ¶ԭ̬Ѿ㹻Ժˡ
Ȼ˶㡣
ɱңǸʵ𣿡
ЦһԻŭĿӣ˷߶ʩչűĵڶ
һԵӻɫէȻһ䡣
У
粻Ҵ⣬һʱ߶׸Լȫ
ոһ𴫳Ѿشٴδܲ
Ȼһ֮ȴδܵʲôըɲ
ô£
ȴı飬ȫʲôõϢ

һȣһڻ˽
ֻǣһȴȻûбƴû˵ʲô
ĹҲֻͷųһΰɣ
ƾ㻹ɱңҵҪƾʲôҶԿ
뿴ұʩչ㿴
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һһͬٲһĽȻȻڿת򣬾ֱɱ˳ռȥİӥ
ӥֵܣСģ
ʳɫ΢䣬æһ䡣
ȴʮֽţΪӥʵףЩκβ˰ӥһʱ䡣
Ȼһ̣ʳӵɫȴǴ䡣
Ϊһۼһİ׵ؾʿڴʱ𣬺ͼһֳֳۣŻعͷİӥһȥ
ǰ󣬶ǽ⡣
ӥϮȫû׼
µǿߣ
ӥɫ䣬ƾʵҪֵЩҪ߾ȫ
ҪͬʱµǿߵϮԲܣ
ʱ˿̣ӥΨоȫֵĽˣΪ˫ٶ̫죬ûκĻᡣ
Ȼһ죬ݺύ
棬Լ³ֵǿߣ˫ĽڰӥըһǿʳӶ˺Щ롣
군ˡ
ʳһ
Ȼ³ֵؾǿߣһƽޣڽɳСʱ򣬲ؾھصΪ
ڣȴѾ̤ؾ
֣ʳӼǵý
󣬶Ըʳӡ
浭һ䣬漴ʳϮɱȥ
µؾǿߣ൱˧ѩףǸŮһǶ̬൱ᡣ
š
˵ͷг㳯ʳӵɱȥ
Ĭ䣬ѩᰣǻܹߵĻռɾǼˣ
ʳһҧһתһĬѩڴɹȥ
ƾһˣԲǼĶ֣һ۰ӥڵĵطȻûҵӥӰ
ȻӥȻͼһֱӱ̭ˣûҲˡ
ʳȫеԿ
ǿߣӰĬ䣬һģӰԳʳڴȥ
ѩᰣԱԴʥؾǿߣҲЩһ
û뵽ɳУ̤ؾ
Ĭѩжһ漴һۣӶԷп˸뷨
˼ͬʱżڴɱ˹ȥ


340 ȫ
˭뿴żռ
Ȼʵǿ˾͵÷ռ֮ʵؾǿ˵Σж
⣬ȴһơ
ܹռڼͱԺ֮ҲͻиʱڲõĽϳҲδ֪
ӰĺɫӰĬ䣬Լ۵ıԴʥŮѩᰣżͬʱɱ˹ȥ
ס
һˣնУĬѩ˸ǰѾܵԶʳӣ׷
仰̤ؾƽǿ󣬵˵ͷ֮󣬱㾶ֱռȥ
ƣƽĻգҲ˵ƽ֮ˣƽͳڴƹĵλһ
ԼҲԸһӣƽ彻ãĳЩʱһ
룡
ѩһ߳ѩӰ񷣬һ˪Ϯ˼档
Ҫһֵ֮Ĭ䣬ǲܵ顣
֮ǰʳӺͰӥΪ˵ģѩ᰺Ĭ䣬ȴȫʢ״̬

һתʱ˸ӭһѩͬʱȻһֱֽӳĬϮȥΪľǷֹĬƹ͵Ϯ
Ĭ䱻룬Ψ뼧޷׷
һۿҪ̤ؾ
̤ؾļһʵضǿ취סҳռ
ڵУԶޣһۣ׼жˡ
ԭӥڵĻζֲǴռ⣬ڰӥ̭ˣǵȻҪһԣ
ʱ˴߶ʩչ似˲䳯ڴȥ
ˣĳ似ܹԾɸߵĵطڿг־ðˡ
ţ
͵һۼ˵ѸϮüͷ΢壬֮һӣʱϮȥ
似Ծյˣʱ˿̸ûжأΨֵ
ȣ
˸һǰһ͸ķϡ
ȻϮϵʱȴһӱ㽫ݻ٣漴̴˵̭˳ȥ
Ǹ̤ؾʵҲЩѰصܹȵģһµʸûС
쵽ˣ
ȻʱһޣȻֱӳռڴ˹ȥһܲѽӽռۿžҪ̤С
״磬ɫ䣬һ˦˹ȥ
ޣҲֵסһ
ռ֮䣬ռ֮ϰҲܿϰˣ
ۣ
ɨֱͳɳС硣
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ٶȻ죬Щ޵ķٶȣ٣ϾЩ޿ͻɵġ
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гһ
ϧЩޣǷЩޣڿҲǿƶģЩЩޣһų㿪
ֻǣǶ㿪˽ȴǾռԶһЩ
΢̣ٶȳռȥ
ۿžҪ̤ռˣͻȻһӰ·ͷҪ֣Ȼ̤ռ

һۼ˱һһˣڣǣʲôؾ
£󳤽һӣ·
ؾ˲ռҵˣ
΢̣Ľ޾⣬ռڴֱӷȥ
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Ϯֱʩչһ似ȫΪ˰͸̬Ȼȴûֹͣռȥ
ৣ
Ľ͸ȻȴûܵκӰ죬ǽȻ͸ϮԶ
ۿռһ㶣˰ġ
ոǵȻҲԲһصֵֵܹܹҲӦӣ
ĽȻһӰ춼ûУ
Ҳ̫˼ˣ
˵似ֵĻûʲôоֻѰǿһЩˡ
ڣȴʲôûĽ޽
ð͸·Ѿλ棬ʲô似
ţȡ
似ʵ̫ǿˣܹõɹĻ
ֻǣڵҲϸˡ
Ϊʱ˿̣ռѾˣ
ȸ˲գ
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ɴ۾ĿԼĽƨɺͷȴȫ޷׷ĳ
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ռᵽ֡
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͵ֳֳնȫ벻ͨΪʲôᷢ顣
һ̣Ľ׷˵Լˣͬһλọܱ́ȵռ
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Զڿеļߵɳ
ռøԼסĬѩᰣȴû뵽ռȻһصСӸȥ
óԲʲôԭڣǽСӵ̫˾ȵֶˡ
ոǵϮκһصǿߣؾǿߣԷǰеͷ
Ȼȫûã
Уǵ·𲻴һ㡣
ŵ飬͸ӹˣȻ䱬ٶȣ涼ϲ磬ǻڣҲһֹ̤ռ
ȻһصС
ͼ˵ɫȻǷǳˣúõһٻ֣ԼռеռȻһصСˡ
ӰǿߣĬ䣬ռŵĴţһת뿪ˡ
ԴʥؾŮѩᰣüͷ΢΢һ塣
µٺͼսȥҲûʲôãӡһ˺üΡ
ԭȻڲμʥѡİͦͷӣѩ᰸ûΪʱء
ڣȴƫƫնռ
Ҽסˡ
ѩһһתȥ
СӣȻռ
ԶзʷʵʳӣҲһ죬ŵ͸Щˬ
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ڵ̤ռõһ֣һһʯӣҲ֪װʲô


341 һ
̤ռ֮󣬲δԥֱӽʯӴ˿
ռˣһɳ̵ʥѡҲӦǽˣֻǲ֪лʲô
һţһ߳һۡ
һۣ΢΢һ㶡
һɢʯӵУȻһʵ챮
챮򣬶ھ˵̫ϡˡ벻ռУȻһ챮
Щ⣬⵹Ҳ֮С
ܹռģ϶ǲμʥѡİǿǼ֮һ˭õ챮Ѹǿʵ
һ챮óǸͱԺδĵõһǿͱԺʵ
ֻǣ˭û뵽յõ챮Ļ
챮
챮е챮֣챮̺޾Ļ񱩶ңЩܲס
һ̧֣ͼ챮ȴ̺׷ֱܹӽڻ
¶̫ˣҪ챮ҪôеҪôþӡߡ
üͷ΢壬һ֮󣬻ǾȽߵĺá
ϾڵСвֻһˣźջī˵ռĹг󣬵չ黹Ҫһ˵
Ȼʵǿ൱עֻ꣬ҪԼˣͿ϶᲻˶Էĸܡ

׼̤ռʱˣѾͳɳ̵С硣
źջīҲǺ˵ĻصͱԺ֮С
μʥѡİˣȴֻٶ˻صɳڵ·ˣˣڶͱԺĿͷء
˴ɳһУܹʮɥʧֱǡ
ƺɨһˣȻʼʮ˵
źջīԣעһ£ʮУеͷʹ
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ͳɳ̵ޣûʮҲжʮЩУȻֻ˵ģɼͱԺҽ൱ǿġ
ڴƹ౻˵޿¶ǻġ
һ;⣬Ҫλ
ƺɨһˣصʥѡһ֣֮нԶһ֣Ͼһǻɳ̹ıһ֣ȴɱ
ɱ
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һƺ⻰ʱʼ˼ʼΪһ˼׼
棬ҹһɳСУλõۺ֡
ƺһ˵ţһóһƬޱͷʼ
ڣƺǰһעܶ˶֪ԼһбΣ
Լ˶ĵȻǲ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪ռǱĸؾǿˣǿһٷְһٷ֣϶ᱻͱԺ¼ȡˣ
ռҲֻؾǿ߿룬ҿǼɣϾؾǿжǿһˡ
οҿƽǱߣ񻹶˸ؾǿߣƽޣ󡣡
˺ռӦûʲôŶԡ
˽
Щˣɳ̴ͳʱ򣬶ûеռ򣬵Ȼ֪յôֻܰԼ˽ȥ²⡣
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İУҲֻлռеһˣûб͵ɳ̵С֮⡣
۷׷ףԲ²ʱƺڿʼս
ڵһλС飬ԴƹڵС飬һУšջīˣԻһٶʮķۺ֣
ƺһʱ򣬿Կǲ˼ͺ޺֮ɫġ
ĳɼƺΪˬȴҲ޿κΡ
ˣֶΣֻܵȵһ֣һֵĽôˬҪʵʵĹġ
ԺļලߣʱһԿء
رԺİУǸ׺ͷƺЩȤ
еıֺʵǱƺҪ߳࣬ƺȻǰߵڰף˵
һ
ԱźջīȻõһٶʮķ֣
ƺ⻰һЩޣ׷׵ɴۣŴ죬һԼǲˡ
ֱȫһ󾪺֪Լδ
ռȷǱˣõһٶʮķ֣ѵһ
ͻܣ
ԻĬ䣬ɨһΧеš
ϵʱͻܾȻһʼûռѵ˵һԻֵǺһ򣬴Ӷ˽ͳɳС磿
ǣôܣ
ô˵Ǹؾǿߣأ
ռֵḶ́桢Ĭ˶ƾʲôСֶΣճɹġ
֮ǰãϣսǾԲܰ
ڣȻõһٶʮķ֣һ绹ڳеʱ뷨ʼЩҡˡ
磬ûгǾͿ϶ͱԺĿͷϢˡ
˭ܴ˻磿
϶ؾǿߣųؾ֮⣬пģҲֻռˣ
Сӣ벻Ȼռˣ
ǰһΪ˻Ľͻᱻɵأ˭֪ڻ練ûг֣
۵ˣǵʱ֤ӻж߽Щޡ
ǣͻսȴûһ˼
ȫˣźջī֮⣬ûκ֪λܻģ
ƺСսɳСе٣㱻˴ˡ
̤ɳ̣ĳֶΣܿȻֺѰֱʮͨ
֣СȻʩչֶΣԻΪвӻ˽
˼ֵһֱǽ֮⣬ֻû֪ѻֵܵģֻ˵νֵܸɳ̵ġ
˳ռֺɱͷʹ漴Ȼжռ
̣ʱ䡣
Ȼ⼸ʱ䣬Ϊȴ˶ӡ˸Ĺۡ
ˣǿؾǿȼ磡


342 ʸ֮
ɳһ֣Ȼһս
һսȻд۵ġ
֮ǰѻֵܸˣռǽؾǿߣȫ˸顣
ϾؾǿжռǴؾ
˼룬һصСռЩؾļһѵֽϻ
ϵ⣬Щ˵Ǵ⣬⡣
ˣЩؾǿ߼Ǻϣˡ
СӣȻǼʲôˣ֪ҲӦȥռǱ߿
ԶɳǧվȺ֮У޺޲ƽš
Ѿ˼ؾǿ߰ӥǿһ̤ɳ̣նʮһͨʮһۺ֡
ԭǧΪԼõĹˣȴû뵽˼ֱ˦һôԶ
һռһȥһһʮֵۺ֮⣬еı϶ǱѰЩȫˡ
ǧɫ˵ֺּʵ˼㡣
ʦãҲ㡣
ǧԣһӢޣǿߣЦСΪ̫ˣһƴɱĻ϶֪ôģ
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ôͶˡ
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Ȼǿϴ˵ģĴڣҲҪǰӥؾǿߣ
ǧμʥѡлŵĿġ
ͱԺû̫ܹ룬ܹӥδͱԺǿߣǧγǰ;·
ӥʦռʱ򣬱ֻˣһ֣ӥʦֿ϶ŹСӡ
Ӣ޵˵ţУѾһˣ
һߡ
ƹС飬ˡۺˣڴ˴ɳһ˰ͨԵõ˰˷֡
ԭɼСУеƫϵģҪǸһȣ־ȫˡ
һ
˿Цһ
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һ۵ҵۣȻһٶʮֵʱ˶סһ
֣Ķӣ˾ȡֻǣʥѡ˴ͷȴṳ̂ؾһпҪ¡
˼ӵš
ϣģгķԸȴò
ҷԸѾ֮ˣʥѡʱ۲ܰӦĳЩʱ侮ʯ
⣬Ϊ̫飬Ϊ֪ͱԺеĳЩˣǲ˳Ļȥġ

ɫȹķԶԶƺ˵ĻɫЩӡ
ˮŮһ飬ոһֻõķ֣Ҫ̤ͱԺ
СĳɼȴҪô࣡
뵱ûһԸӣֻһջīҪһ󻹼һš
ʱţջī˶ֻؾڰأ
ڣɳоȻõͻƣ׷̤صľ磡ˣռ֡
ȥֻҪСµĻ
ͱԺܻһֱЦ󣿡
üͷ΢壬һǰŻƺƺȻϿΪʵϣȴеӣ
ôǲ岻ˡ
һţһҡҡͷ
ɳһһˣ˵˵ע⣬ľϣѾʲôˡ


뺦
ҲѾʸ
ԸˣѾŶɱˣﻹֵõ
֣Ȼͬ죬
һߣӢԦ죬ЦţȡõĳɼԱʾˡ
ֻǣԵ¬ޣƽţȴǲûʲôɫ
Сڵ̫ˣһ֣ǻǺƲϵȽϺá
¬֣µĶԦ˵
¬֣ôô˵
ԦЩ죺˼֣˵ǾȹҪڿ»ڱС
ǶǹȥˣοΪһƴŵõľ֮ҲǸλʦˣ
¬ȰǹƽףС㲻Ҫʲô
ѡ
Ԧ춢¬ޣ֣ص˵
ǿ߶Ļæʲôã
¬޷һ䡣

ƽŵƽʦֺʦֵռһֱضᱻԣʶĻԶΪһǾ仰ҲȥǸġ
Ԧ˵Ļ۾û˵
̧ͷһɳλã뵽˻е
أһΣգԦ죬ض
ԦţȴδΪ֪һ¬һᷴԡ
ȴҲ¬޷Ͼ¬޴Сһ𳤴һ˵ֵһ
һܺ棬ζԸģ
ƺۣܵ˶ĵжգЦЦÿˣԼصɱﵣɱﵣ˾̾صΪȻʩչ綼ܵ似˶ģ
ɱ似ʩչ˹󣬱һʱȫӲ޷ȷȫ£϶ʹá

ƺ˵ʱһɻ˹˵ʱ򣿡
ߣȻԺĳУ
ƺתͷȥüԼȻԸոԼ˵Ļܲ
Ǹǰ̫ˣ˵ˡ
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һУضǼΪǿ似ʩչ󣬻һʱȫӲȫ޷
Ҳ˵޷ǿ߽ս
۾š
⼸ؾǿУҲôһͷ
һ֣ǾԲȥ


343 챮
ƺŻ֮ȫ˵˼Բͬ
ҲʱϿյɳСУһӰ˳ɳС磬㲻СָΪһ̣صƺС
һӰȻ
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ˣ֪ռзõʲô
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г֮ˣڵǿףڶûʲôˡ
Ϊؾ˶Ǻαðճ֣
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ʵϣһԭǸؾǿߣǺġ
ֻԼģԹñˡ
ȻһֱֲõĻһֻлģһǺսɾǶսˡ
ڻû֪һֵĹʲôƺ˵ˣõһʱ䣬һ˵ĲȫָƲС
һʱ䱸ս˵ʵ뻹һ¡
⣬˵͸һˡ
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챮Ļʹõͻһ֣ĳЩʱá
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ص䣬δôϢֱӿʼ챮챮֣ðײãһΣյʱҲһӦԷʽ
ȥһµʱ䣬㹻챮ķϣشˡ
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ɳУռʱ̣ʩչһ±ٶȣȸ˲գȸ򵽴ɵʱһ÷
ȸ𶯿ռ䣬ӶԼٶȱ˲ٶȣؾǿ߻Ҫϼ
ܶƽ㲻Ĺʩչȸ˲յĻܹɶ㿪
ˣһʱ䣬ùһȸ˲յʩչΣջ˵ʲôĻһýʮ
ܽһԼӵеս
յɱﵣȻǾ֮ˣͷųĻпܻϹ־ĿȨʲôȫö֪
ԲͷԲὫ֮ͷų
ġġģĵɱ챮Ҫǿ࣬ڲǧ֮һġġʩչҲԶȫĹֶΡ
δʩչġĵ˭֪ɱﵡ
ɱ֮⣬Ѿ¶Ĵļ似űֻʩչѾɣܹʩչ𱬡
ĳֶΣɱ⣬̫۶ɣԸؾǿߵĻȻǲġ
ˮĻˮ似ɣƷ似վͱԺ̨ϣҲ㲻ʲôֻ˵ǷǳƽֶΡ
ɳһ֮߶Ѿõ似ţšջīǾˡ
һ֣ܶʵõ˴ԭֶΣԱ֮㲻ʲôˡ
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ʹõ似ԻȪֻأȻսвȱٵֶΣؼʱ̣ʩչһʤ
УԻȪֻҪԸ⣬ԽΧ仯ɻȪ֮ˣǿ
ֻأ֮⣬δ似ǳ
һ£Ƚ챮һЩѪӰϣ̽һ¡ġĵɡ
˼ƻȻ㿪ʼʵʩ

һµʱ䣬˵˵̡̲
һº󣬲μʥѡܹʣİˣȫͱԺĹ㳡漯ϣһ£Ըܵд޵ʵ
ȻҲ˺ԭģЩûɳСеõôġ
ƺһγǰ
ע⵽ʥԺļලУһ׺ͷƺǶͷЦЦ
ͷ˭
ϲɫȴһ
ලߣһֱǲЦģڣǰ׺ͷȴЦһЦǲǱʾʲô
ûж롣
ΪţƺͿʼһֵʥѡˡ
ʥѡһֱһ֣һ֣յʤ쳣ĲпᣬҪǡ
ƺ˵μһֵģֻЩˣ
⻰һȫ˶һ
ֻİٶˣ
ǳ֮⣬˭μӣ
޶˶˶Ķ֣˭û뵽


344 
ƺһ仰˸Կʼ²
ȥһ֣ʲô˺һμӣ
ѵǲμԺͶԺʥѡޣߣͱԺһӣ
ǲ²ⲻƺδԴֱ˵˵һʥѡصλͬʱģԭͱԺڶӡ

ͱԺĵӣ
ԣһƬȻ
Ȼ֪ʲôһνģȻԭͱԺڶӣ
Ȼٷǳҵľ
˵һ¡
ƺһ̧֣˰漴͵һĲƽλʮ߲㵽ʮ˲֮䡣ڣһռ䣬Ϊֹܹ̽ռ䣬ռУŲı
Ĳƽ
ԣȻЩɻĲƽȻʮ߲ʮ˲֮䣬ɼҪǰô׵顣
ʣͱԺԺһ϶һγ֣ǰ
ȻУблȻҲͻΣյĴڡ
ƺһ㣬ʱضԽ룬Ѿûʲô̽Ķˡڶ㿪ʼͲôܹ̤ģÿ꣬ͨڶĴŲŻᱻ򿪣ΪˣʥѡһΡ
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˵ͱԺһҪɵĿ֪꣬ɱͱԺ֮󣬷ʲô
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İˣ˽۷׷׵ɢˡ

ٴξۼͱԺ㳡ֻʣ²һ롣
ȥҲֻһپʮˡ
Ȼгˣѡ뿪ͱԺ
ˣв֪Լʵ϶ܼͱԺûҪȥðգɳеõ˲ٺôһּþյ
οǺڶͱԺĵһ롣
ͱԺĵӣ϶ǿö࣬ǱͻùĶǡ
ۺԭվȻֻʣһپʮˣҪǰ
ƺǰɨһۣʱ΢΢𣺡ܺãʣµˣûʧ棬˵һһֵּĹ򡣡
ѣƺ϶ͻֱӽɱ¡
̤ȻҪԸ鷳㣬ƺҲѾ㹻İš
ܿͱ˳
УıЩﱻͱԺֳ˺ü𣬵õĳıܵõӦ֡
ԽǸ߼ıܸ޴־Խࡣ
ЩչأҪϽһͱԺġ
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ǼʶޣȷкܴͬҲ֪ıﶼЩʲôӣ
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ţһȺˣͱԺĹ㳡йˣ˵˵ЦЦò֡
ͱԺĵˣ
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Ȼ
۾
쳽࣬һֵ췢ӣҲע⡣
췢ϣܵһϤϢ



345 ǰ
۾
һ֮ǰСһʱ򣬱㷢ֳϵϢ쳽췢һģһġ
ǳ𡣡
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֮ǰ֪쳽ؾǿһ𣬵ȴǿ쳽϶ǱȼЩؾǿ߸ǿһЩ
桢ӥʳӵˣȫ˳ޡ
쳽һѾ̤˻ǻ˳ǿֹ
ʱ˿̣쳽վڶͱԺǰ̬ĳ˹
ɨȺһۼȺе΢΢¶è׽һȤɫ
Ҫ𣿡
ţȴȫɫ
ϸ۲һˣЩͱԺĵӣ̤ؾǿߣʮ֮ࡣ
رǻˣǺ쳽һѾ̤˻ľš
쳽ڵˣͱԺһǿߡ
ЩͱԺĵӣǽһǰ
ƺ쳽һۣ¶֮ɫȻ˵֮УۺߵǰʮҲܹΪͱԺһԱ
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˼š
漴̧ͷһ۱ǰԶһǸڱĹ״ǰ
ǣȻĺǣ
ܵ״ϴϢʱһݣŵľӡҲƺķӦ


346 
һеĸо
һʱ򣬾͸о·Ϊڣŵľӡһָо
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һȥѾȫƵռݣ֮磬һʱ֮䶼ˡ
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ڣʵһȿռţ֮ǽᱻ͵һκεطĶȫֻ
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ڶ֮ѲŸոտʼеĿռ䣬ӦĿռ䣬ÿһ㶼ӦǿȵޣҪȡеıͱЩޣѶȲСҪǣռУһЩطۿۣ
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֮ǰĿ֦ޣǻɫ֦ЩīɫУȻȫֱ治
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ɱұ߳ǳͳ죬ǿΪˣ
ǿЩ֦̫Ķ֣һۼһӾ˷


347 ֮
ǿףǼͦˡ
յ߳ǣȥŶӲμھٰı߳ᣬʱͼǿףһԼΪݣֱӶһ޹޵ֱۡ
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һۼһϮɫȹķ֪ޣΧͷ͵Ŀ֦ޡ
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348 ֮
Ľɢ䣬һΰӿ֣
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䣡
һ̫Ľâײһ𣬱һǿͱԺӺɡ

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⡰ĵȻԷǧ֮һܹ̫¡
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349 ·
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ɱң
ۿͱԺ׺ı飬Цһ
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ͱԺӵɱɢѾܵˡ
ǵĽâͷųʱѾӦ׼
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ˬ죡
һЦ幫˵Щˣؼʱ̾Ȼܹ˹ϵЩ֮꣬Ż˱˵Ļûô

˺ܿܵԣֽö֮꣬ȻٻӰɿĴԶȥ
ԭôûģֻ
۾ȴδô⣬ΪѾܵͷ׷Уؾǿߵǿ
ǰӥ
һӾ͸ܵ˶ԷϢϢͬһͷӥһİӥؾǿߣѾǧ֮һĶ
ɳСУӥ䲻ּй˱˳ȥûܼռĳ
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˵
δת뿪Ϊ֪ƾٶȣԲӹӥ׷ɱ
ȸ˲յıٶǺܿ죬ȴֻܳһСʱ䣬ҪԶɱĻԶԶؾǿȡ
ԣڵΨؾǿߣӥ
ӥĶ͸׹⣬ɺͷ촽˵˻ͷΪҺǴʵһǿɾʹشˡ
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ʣɨһ۰ӥ
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Щһܹһۼгö֮꣬һ۷Ź⡣
аӥڣ޴ˣæ֮УǺпᵽö֮֮һ


350 һл
ӥȻȺصһ׷ɱˣ໥֮ȻһģֻŹͬĿ꣬ʱûбͻ
һǽ֮ߣ໥֮ҲȻаӥڣ˿϶û֮ꡣ
ȻܻܻǸҾ͸һء
ӥ仰£һͷӥ֣
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㻹һ̫߿ˣҿӥʦһоܴСӡ
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ͱԺȺһȻܹʮ˶ʱһѸʩչֶΡ
ϱطܿ죬ö֮㱻һͱԺȫ֡
ͱԺʵǿֻΪö֮һˣһöضᵽö
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Ҳһʱ֮޷ʲôӦ
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ؼģǰӥû뵽ֱܹ˿ֲ


351 ӥ
֮ɢȫ˰ӥ֮⣬ʣµޡͱԺӣڣǶת˰ġ
Ǽӥӥ龹Ȼһлʱɴ۾ֱš
ǺһޣΪʲôȴһд򱬰ӥӥ飬ǣȴֻܹӥһһҧ
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ҪǣӥĻȪ֣֮ӥֱ״̬Ѿܸˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ѪӰȫڰӥϣӳΪһƬѪ֮ɫ

ѪӰʼӥѪƫƫʱӥ޷ֵ̫ʱҽгһĽâȫɢ

۾ĽâӰӥȫɢųȻѪӰȫˣһʱ޷
⻹һμܹƿѪӰĸ壬ĵؾǿߣѪӰҪñȽѡ
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ȻǼƷƷȴ̫ˣŵڣѾû̫ãΨĻȪϱںͻȪ֮ڻЩá
Ϊҵ飬ɱ̫ˣص
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Զĵǳģ
ģ
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˵ĶƴһӾͳˡ
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ģʤĵ
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һƣȻ𣬰ӥڴ·ռ䶼
֮ڰӥڴѿðӥ˶֮ʴܶܲģΪ𣬱ʵѾۿۡ
ɱ
кһعͷȥһȭ˵ϡ
ʱıɵӵصۣ籡̼佫ʣɽȥɥ
ޣͱԺӣʩչģȻ»ڡ
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ţȥ˷ӥȴûʲôֻա
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ļսĵпţ֪Ҫлųȥȷס
ͱԺĵӣĻһģɴ˵Уμʥѡޣǳ˺ܴһ
ţ΢Щջīǡ
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һ㣬ֻأԼؾ˳Ŀ֦ˣ˵Ĳ㣬ɵСһЩ
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Ҫеõ࣬Ҫǣȥĸ߲;ӡûʲôϵ
ûܹĵ߲㣬ǲȥģ㣬Ҫǰһ̽ġ
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̤˱īɫŵĸ߸¥ݣһ¥ݵľͷȴܹܵһĿ֦Ϣ¥ݸߴ
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ڵĲУؾ˳Ŀ֦ޣһΪ
оԼʵܶԸλ˳ޣǶλ˳ޣֻܵķݡ
ϾΣյĻУһˣлʩչűġ
޷ʩչűĻܰӥģ൱λ޵ǿߡ
Ȫϱڣ
һ̧֣۾֮γһȪϱڰΧܡ
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һöԲԣڵΨȽǰ˵
Ȫ֮
һһ֮˲ɢȥɱЩ֦ȫֽС
Ȫ֮Уʩչ֮ǿɣĶ֣ʩչκ似ᱻɣ֪սж
ο֮Щ֦޿ǷǳƵġ
ɱ
֮¥ɢһҵɱֱӱ


352 ֮Դ
̤ǰĲ¥ݣһȺŵĿ֦սʱͬʱһЩ¥ݲ㣬кЩһ¥ݡ
ͨĲ¥ݣ֦̫࣬лؾǿڣƾһ˵ĻѳɹС
쳽̤˻ţޣ޷ĵĲ㣬ֻƾ޵һ·ɱǿ
磬ǿ缧棬һ̤ͨĲ¥ݡ
ΪУ̫֦ޣвٴ˳Ϊλޣֻһͷλޣ涼ҪѲ˼ܶԸ˵һƬ֦ӿˡ
ƾʵǿĻҲֻ·һ㲻Ҳ˶ʧȥһս˵ĲҲܶʲôˡ
ÿһĿռ䶼ǳǴӵͨĲ¥ݣٸ˺Ļᡣ
һ̤ͨĲͨģָ
˵쳽˻ǿ֮⣬Ψһӵ˵ʶ

һ·ɱĲ㣬Ŀ֦ʵԽԽǿؾĿֲޣ
Щ֦ޣǶȷǳ꣬Щֱ֦۾㴥һϳ
ȻȪϱڣɵľ͵ֵס˾֦޵Ĺ
˵ڻȪ֮£Щ֦ܵڻȪ֮еȸ
˵֮ǰӥڻȪ֮£ɵսôЩ֦ޣڻȪ֮Ӱ£ÿһͷ뱻һս
ɴ˿ɼ֮Щ֦޵Ȼǡ
ֻأԻȪʩչɱЩ֦ޣֻϧЩѰĿ֦ޱɱ֮󣬲û֮ıеϧ
ؾ˳Ŀ֦ޣֱĶԸһ֮ɱܴ͸㴥ְĿֱ֦۽سɺüΡ
·ȡ֮֮ߣֻö֮ƺͷĿѣĸо
ĺɱһͷؾ޵֮ԴЩˣоʩչģĵĲһδ֪
õԽ࣬ԽͷΣ񲻼ѣĲĳ־衣
ĵҲǲܶˣ
õǣֻһжЩ֦һܹЧǶԸؾĿ֦ޣܽеһ롣
ټϻȪ֮Ӱ죬ؾĿ֦ޣв
˵һӥвЩ֦Ҫ࣬ԭڣЩйص似Щ֦̫ˡ
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糱ˮɱʮĿ֦Ⱥű״ĵǺܿĹˡ
µҩ
һ̧֣ӾĿռȡһСҩƿһöָĵҩ
Щҩ֮ǰϦɵʱѧƵģƳ֮㴢Ա㼱ãڹȻó
һ·ɱĲ㣬ɱ֦޵ٶȣ±쳽Щ˻ǿ߸졣
˼ɱ֦޵ĳԻ𾪵ֻϧûκ˸ͷûκ˻֪¥ϵĿ֦ʬ壬Ǳһɱġ
ڣɱ޶ɱЩʱһ¥ݵľͷ
Ĳ㡣
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һ̤ĵĲ㣬㷢ԼһĵУãһĳīɫɭɭ
ûޡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Щ⣬Ϊ̤ϵĲ֮󣬿֦޻øء
ԣƺеÿһ㣬ûôޣΨ¥ϣ֦޵ر࡭
һȻ뵽ʲô
վͨĲ¥ݵ·Ȼܸ֦ܵ޵ϢЩ֦ȴ޷¥ݣȥĵ㡣
ѵΪƣһΪĿ֦ޣֻĳһ
һţһϵ˾ӡķӦ
Ĳ֮󣬾ӡͱøӷˣ·ΧԾӡøǿ
ԵģԽǿĸ߲㣬֮Խǿ
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һѺ֦޵
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ʱ˿̣δ׼ֱǰĵ㣬Ϊ֪ƾԼڵʵ޷ͨͨ¥ݡ
̤ؾ
š
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ÿһУŲٱЩǴӾͿ֦ϵ֪֮꣬϶͵ıġ
̤ܲؾͿЩǷЧˡ
š
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ģΨĲдУѰһ±ܷһ硣
ƿǾֻˣ
򣬾ӡĸӦΪǿҡ
ƾžӡĸоϳĳһǰУǸ򣬲ͨһ¥ڴӦʲôŻӡ

ͬʱ⻹мˣͬһʱӲͬ¥̤ĵĲ㡣
Ĳ㣬ڵˣ죬ȥѰҾ֮Դ
ӵĲ㿪ʼÿһ㶼һö֮Դǵ弶ıܹõ̤ؾ
ͱԺĵӣٶĲдС
ЩУصޣؼÿ鶼ؾ˳ǿڴӣѸͨ¥ݣĲ㡣
ΪͱԺĵӣͶĿȾЩʲôжǴĿԵġ
ĲˣǼ֪
ĲĳīɫͨУһɫӵ쳽Ķһ췢˵ɱ˲Żþȣ
֪ˡ
췢꣬ҲյСһĨɫ
޵ģǰɫӵ쳽
ǼһĲĻãҲܱǿ졣
쳽漴˵߰ɣȥҾ֮ԴǶÿõıˡ
𣬸쳽ĲдѰ˶Ѱҵľ֮Դ
Ȼȴ֪ŵԱǻҪٶȣž֮Դڣ
ӡԽԽˡ
ͨѸٴУŵľӡӦԽԽǿҡ
ڸĿĵؿҪˣ


353 
ƾžӡĸоĲУܿ죬оǰԾӡԽԽ
ڣھһתǴ֮һûīɫĴ
ıڶǻҰ׵שʯڴİУȻһɫ
ԾӡǴɫ洫
߽һܣֻû˿
ɫ򣬺һʲôıڻֻ֪֪ɫ򣬺ŵľӡƺЩϵ
еĿ֦ޣȻڳ޾֮ͬʱǳ¾֮ɫУƺ̲޾ľ֮ȴͬΪˣЩ֦Զ˴
һ˼չֱӷɵա
ڰյĺɫ򣬴źһС۲൱˵ģΪ治һЩ·⣬ͺͱӡսϵľ·һģһ
һץס˺ɫһ±ܵɫڲȻŨ
Щ·ǰΧͷ·Ǳһ
֮Դ
УȻֳ֪ǰĺɫ򵽵ʲôĴڡ
ȻΪ֮ԴʵϣȴǾ֮ԴֻǾ·Ũˡ
ͷƺʹ½ϵӾһЩҼΪŨ
һö֮Դ̺¾ͿʮöƷʮöƷĵҩ
һץס֮Դֱӽ˾ĿռС
һӣеľϢһӱþӡ̵ϢҲʧˡ
ֻһ󵭵Ϣƺڱž֮Դֹ
ߣ
֮󣬺ԥ˳˴
һĲĿĵĴУһŸյõľ֮Դľȡ
ص磬һ¥Ļ̤ؾ
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ת뵽Ǿ֮Դ̺Ũ϶˶õĶصǴţ˵ܵȵһЩؾǿߣ໥Ĵս
ܹĦǿսͻؾƿ϶൱Чġ
ֻҪһԲ˷֣ͱȽˡ
һ㷵˹ȥܿص˵õ֮ԴĴ
һɾ֮ȻĴڣһ֪֮Դȴˡ
ϢڴȻкü޵
ʱ쳽ѾˣǾ֮Դõģ˭õģ
һŮ˵ţĿֱ쳽
𣿡
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˭ȡ˾֮Դ
֮ڣһ˼
һ£кüϢǳǿᣬǺ쳽һ˻ǿߡ
ͱԺУܹ˻ǿߣƺȫۼ˴˴ֵĻ϶֮ء
ͬΪͱԺӣԸԸ񶼺˽⡣
ܿǾͿԿ϶֮ԴκһУ
ϧǴˡ
а˼Ȼתߣûκ
ȻûսԹĦҲͽΣգЩ취
ߣûκ˷١
뿪ܾ֮쳽ˣŸɫĴǴ߳
ô벻ףǾ֮Դô᲻ˣ
˻ǿߣĲģ֮Դôôأ
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ڣȴǲ֪ĸһｫ֮Դǰȡˣ
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Ҫǣ֮ԴҩյڶöʱЧ롣
֮ԴûչܹȫӶԼľ硣
Ĳ㿪ʼ㣬㣬ö֮ԴȫõĻ˻ǿߣҲܹһһأȥʮ๤
ʥԺܹʹ½Ͽգͳʹ½ΪӵûеԴ
֮ԴĶһڴƹڱĵطܹκ˶Ϊ֮ģ궼ܳһΡ
ͱԺĵ˵ÿһ֮ԴĻᣬǲࡣ
һ;ĳɾͣ츳֮⣬ȷõԴϢϢء

ûȥ쳽ˡ
һ뿪ܿ˸εĳʼվ֮Դ
ϧˣƺһ㡭
ɫһ
֮ԴеȷǳḻǼ֮ǰ֮꣬Ҳ̤ؾ
Ҫ̤ؾȱҪ㹻ڵ飬ﵽǿľ磬ֱܵطɶ϶Ϊһ
ҪƱڣӵ顣
̫֮֮£֮飬ɶϣܹ̤ؾ
Ҳ˵̤ؾҪ˸ü
֮ԴһѰֱӴͻƵؾ˵ȴԶԶ
֮꣬ȴֻһöյڶöʱЧѾۿۣûҪˡ
ҡҡͷ
ö֮꣬Чã㽫ʣöȫ׼Ӧʥѡ
ҵıﲻ࣬ʥѡ޷ߣΪһֵĳɼǳãܹһʮ֣ҪͱԺûʲôġ
֮Դڵ弶ıҲʮ֣ˣҪҵö֮Դпܳҵ֣⣬ǲܵġ
š
ȷĲ㣬ֻһö֮ԴҪ֮ԴΨ̤ϵ㿴
ÿһֻһöĻõı˳Լ֡
οͱԺĵӴʱҲУ߶ٱ
μʥѡޣҪᵽﶼѣ˵ᵽ֮Դĸ߼ˡ
ȥĿ꣬ǳͻؾ
Զ֮ԴڵĴ֮󣬿֦޹Ȼһζ
صĿ֦ޣ˳Ŀ֦ޣڵ˵Ƕ֣ȴóȻǰһ㡣
˻Ŀ֦ޣԻܣпܱˡ
ף
תһ䣬ȻܵǰһŨĿ֦Ϣ
̧ͷһȻǰУȻһͷͿ֦ޣߴɣ¥
ͷͿ֦ԣѰĿ֦ޣػţ·ڱԼһ
־͵Ŀ֦ޣ̺֮꣬ɴ
ǰһ
ܹͷͿ֦ޣ֮꣬Ȼ֣
ͷͿ֦ؾ˳ʵ±λ˳޸ǿܷܣ˵֮¡
Ҫһ︽Сһ
ƺǸܵľϢЩԭƺߵĿ֦ޣһͷͷ΢һ֮󣬶Ѹٱжɱڣ


354 ֮ĸ
ɱĿ֦ޣʮͷÿһͷؾھصʵ
ƺǸܵϵľϢЩ֦һͷͷЩꡣ
ɱ
ûκԥ̧۾֮һȭһȺĿ֦޺˳ȥ
ԻȪǿ֮ԸصĿ֦ޣ㹻ˡ
֮ȻɢһȭֱӽЩ֦ȫɱ
ţһ̤Уͷ¥ôߵľͿ֦ޡ
ǸһԸ㣬Ҫ㹦򡭡
ţȻֱ׼ֵʱȴͷͿ֦ޣɢЩֱ֦ۣȻʼѿ
ѣֳ
һʱȻ͵Ŀ֦ޣȻƺǿ֦֮ĸ
ֲãЩСޣµĻƱֻϧעû˻ȥĿܡ
֣һ⻪̼佫ͷͿ֦޵ĺЩֱ֦ն顣
ȻҲʱһȺСͿ֦㻹ûʲôʶսͳҪıɱ˹
Ȫ֮
һ֮˲ɢȥγһƬֲЩճ޳ױѹסһ˿һܶ
ţϴ߶ͷ֮ĸϺš
ûãͷ͵֮ĸĵĴݻºȻأҲûû˷ѷֳСͿ֦޵
֮ꡭֻ֮ĸŻᵮ֮֮꣬˵ȷǲĲƷֻϧõڶöʼ֮꣬Чú
ţ̤߽˵ãһץסСǱ֮ꡣ
ԸܵͷؾΪ֮ĸ֮֮ǰõЩƷһЩ̺Ũ
ֻϧѾù֮꣬ٷöĻѾûʲôˡ
Ҫ̤ؾûô򵥡
øĿ֦ȫ뿪Ȼм޳Ѹⲽ
ûü뿪һͷͨǰ˺ü޵Ӱ
Ĭ䣬ʳӣѩᰡ
һȥؾ˳ǿޣÿһ˳Ĵڣʥѡ󣬱ͱԺĵˡ
Ȼǰû

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ĬԻǿޣӰһԱ
Ӱ壬ڹʹһǿ壬ڻͳελΪ츳ǿһޣĬĽġ
ȻͱԺμʥѡ֮Ĭ֪žȻ֮֮࣬ǰȫޣ嶼ǿöࡣ
رǣһصޣȻɳ̵Снռᵽ֣
ĬЩĿ࿴
Σ
һϮѩ׳ȹŮѩᰣԱԴʥŮ΢΢һЦ˵
֣
û뵽Էôֱӵ˵Ŀġ
˵ھɳСľ֮Ĭ仹ѩᰣǷʷʵʳӣ϶к޺֮飬Ͼռ
УЩμʥѡˣĻԭͱԺĵӡ
ʳӷʷʵϴЦݺȳͱԺĵӣķ涼ƴ֣࣬һǲ֣пʲôò
ԭͱԺĵӣԼ㣬Ҫֵġ
ϾһվĵĲУɱӵǿʵҪȻôͨǰĲ¥ݣ
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УǾһߡ
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ǵõʲô
ȶһ䡣
ڱȽϹĵ飬Ͼֱڣҵһı֮꣬ԼȷƷı֮Դ
У϶ıֻû
ܴõЩʲôϢȥжҲвСİ
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ʳ۾˵
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ЩȻȻܹɵĶÿһεĻȷʱٺö
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Ȼ£Ҳװ鷳οʳӡĬѩˣֻ̽Եһˡ
ӭ롣
ѩ΢Ц
š
˵ͷһ֣ѩϸѩ׵һ£ʽߵһ
Ĳ㣬˳ޣҪĳЩͻռˣҪȻĻܿͱԺĵгԿ
ﱻС£ˣǲǴˡ
ǵʵֻĲˣҪǰ㣬Ӧֻ˻ǿ߲ʸ񡣡
ʳҡͷԵ˵ڽȥʱ䣬ǱĲҵܶı
˻˳̫ˣ˻ǿߣòҪҪȻ϶ֲκκô
Ĭ˵ͷ
ȻޣʱĬ䣬ʳӡѩᰵĹϵƺܲϾѾһսͨ˿֦޵ͨĲ¥ݡ
ѩ᰿һۣ˵ͷǾڵĲɣĲıӦҲǲģǾܶһЩ
˿ʼһǰС
Ȼһȴ˿ûзϾѩᰡĬʳӶϤȫǡ
;УûмšջīԦˣǱʾûм
Ȼģ£ҲܿȥǼôҪһˣһʱ䶼δܹҵõ
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ѩһҲ뷨ڡ
ûã˾һתǣǰһҵĴ˾һ
д򶷣б
б֣Ǿлᣡ
ֻҪͱԺ˻ǿڣѩᰡĬʳˣǶĸһƱ


355 Ħ
ܿ죬һת䣬ȻʮǰͨУҵսš
ؾǿߣصޣȫͱԺĵӣҲֻͱԺĵӣܹһ𴳹ͨĲ¥ˡ
μʥѡޣֻڵѰұˣҪϵĲ㣬ǵЩ¥ϵĿ֦ȫ˲пܡ
˵ĵһڼԵЩ⣬ȴδš
˵ȻˣֽǸɵ
һͷĺӣһˣ˵
ǣұֳʤˣñȥԸɣ
һĸߴ󣬱ͦ˧˵ţһ̧֣ĽâȻɢϮĺӡ
㻹ǹִ
һ̣Ŀ͸ѪȣҲûȥˣרӦԶֵĽâ
ڳսڳͱԺӣȴͣһˡ
ǺаǣȻˣҪڧ
ʷʵʳӺٺһЦǾ͵һ꣬ϰɡ
ѩ᰺ĬһԲϸ۲ų״
עѼе˳˵սϡ
ؾ˺һľ磬򵥵˵Ƭϡ
һ߹۲죬һţƬأӵоǧطֻҪһȫϣ򣬱̤˺һľ硣
ؾǲ̽طĽ׶Σ׶ΣȻǿһЩվֻǸҪһ;ǰнֻط򡣡
ԵĸܵУط
֮ǰӥûôʩչطΪ֪УʩչطͷϺܶࡣ
һУЧսʽɡ
طֻƬأʹ½˵ķ򡭡ô˵еĿռ䣬Ѿ½ˣһĿռ䣡
ܿô뵽
һܺˡ
ط뿪磬ͻᱻȫ޷ʹá
ģģ뿪ƬأҲӵǿս
̫ˣط޷ʩչǣҵУ
ս;Ǹߴ͵һ˵
˵ЦǲУҲͷųط˭˭
꣬һ˻𣬽Ǹߴ˺ҧȥ
˵ս˵жྫʣһĻҲܹ׽һ˻ܡ
ǣǶطȴǵȷҪࡣ
УܹõҲֻо֮ˣ̫ȵȣóࡣ
ˣķ򣬺ųƬǿ򣬾Ȼ֮ã⾿ʲôľ֮ʲôϵ
ͻȻ뵽һ㡣
ȷǣķ򣬾Բǧַ֮һһ
Ȼǿ򣬵䵱ƺӺʡ
ģΪķӦศɵĴڣԴͷķƬµıʽ
ôһ룬ͶȤˡ
ĵϣ˭죿
Ҫ˵ڵģ϶ţһ֦޵ĳΪġ
ͱԺҲ޷ĽҲֻзѡ
ÿ꣬еĿ֦ޣΪ֮ĸĴڣͬʱУһЩʯҩȵȡ
ͱԺֻ޷ΪС
Ĳ˵ͱԺڶϲ޷ֻܵȴ꣬ͿԿͱԺ˵൱صġ
ο߲㣬δȥ˻
ҪͻƵؾҪѵö࣬Ϊ޷ܵطһ˼·ǲǿķ̤ؾ
ţֻϧľķֻ⾳ļ
⾳֮ϣϡشƺҪȫ򣬿ûôף
̫򡭡׷򡭡취򡭡ȫܲΨԼЩܹá
ҡҡͷǽ̤ؾ̫ˡ
УǺˡ
ȻˣܶᱦͳȥһʱҪжĿˡ
ǷֲʤˣȰǼڵˣΣ
ĺ꿴һۣ¶һĨЦ
޳ɣ⼸һ￴ôãҲʱԵͷˡ
һȺˣܹؾͱԺӣصޣһ¶Ц˹
˵ͱԺ֮飬ֲ˲֡
ǴܣȻһҪ̵ȻǼΪ
˳һأݣȻû̫вοǿͱԺĵӣ似սƣ
ȻֻԼΪİˡ
ҶԸһ
ʷʵʳӺٺһЦȳδ˳ȥֱɱͷųĺȥ
ӰĬһԲȴһɢٴγֵʱѾͬһһΧߴ࣬䷢˹
ǵãʣˣ
ѩһЦҲգҾȺ׽Բء
һ϶ǶԷĶ֣ȴƾԼٶȣԷס
ʣЩصͱԺӣѩᰡʳӺĬˣȻа취Ӧġ
ץסС椣
һȣʱʣµ˳ǿߣʱѩ᰼۶ȥ
ô˵صļһǹˣ
ʣصͱԺӸԺٺһЦ
һ̰ЦˣʦֵĴУ˵ʦֻϣǽˣǻҪǽ׽
׽ɣСӣô˵ԺǶ֣̫á
˳Χ˹ϱƽ룬ŲЦݡ
ǿȻվԭزʱһЩ⣬ȴδ⡣
ôǿƣֻһصްˡ
߸һ˳ǿߣܹսһսģ
Ȫ֮
ˣܹܵѰޣһ
ÿϵϢǳǿԿԱȵԦǸ
Ҳ˵߸ˣÿһؾ֮¶޵еĴڣȴ϶Ǹǿǿö࣡
Ȫ֣֮ڣǽؾȫڣڳͱԺеӶɫһ䡣


356 ̤
ڻȪ֮ڣͱԺӣȫܵһּǿѹֻʩչ˳ɵ
ؾĻõ㣬߸صޣȴһӱѹ˳ɵʵжʱü䲻
ɱ
ûʱȥԷ顣
Ȫ֮ͷųһȭڵϣʱüڵصۣȻ籡
Ŀ꣬صͱԺӣıȻ緢ͱԺ޼ͬʱӦ
㣡
˶о޷ֵһй
Ѿ˵ؾ֮޵Уƺȫ
һۺüıʲô£ȷ;ӡʲôϵ
ţɨһܡ
صޣ˱ıɱˣȻûȴҲˣĵĵڵأЩ־
ǿֻһС
з׷ţ漴Ŀһԣ׷ɱѩᰵؾǿϡ
ɱͱԺӣ
˻ͷһЦһȻСܵÿ죬ǾɱСӣΪʦǱ𣡡
һת䷽ѸٳϮһĽâƿնŻط
챮򣬼ͱԺ˵൱ĶҪõ챮ס
񼶷򣬶˵ȴʲôѵõĶͱԺĵӣܹ׵񼶷
ϾͱԺĵ̣ȴƹ֮Ҫö࣬ƹ񼶷ķ˵ͱԺˡ
Ȫϱڣ
һ̧֣֮˲ǰ
̤Ĳ֮Ծ֮򣬷·һ˸߲ΣʩչȪϱڵķȣͷǿ֮ࡣ
Ľâ񼶷ĻȪϱϣȻûܲκЧȪϱһײ顣
ţ
ؾǿߣһû뵽ǰȻֵܹǵĹ
СӣȴеĸǿһЩ
˶ĵؾǿߣɫһ¶֮ɫ
ԭ˵СӣҪƴȫɱ˳ǿߣڣȻ׵ֵ˵һ
һҲֳ֣֮ɫȫûе˼
ȻӡйصһжǿЧ⿿ȪϱڵĻ磬Եֵס˵һ
ţǹС
ɱ
ǹϵ·һǹɨȥ
˼ٶȣʣµ˵ͱԺӣһӱǹ֮¡
Ӱͬһ⣬ڳһУʣµصͱԺӣֱǹ֮¡
ɶˣ
ɵ
ؾǿ߶һۣӶԷпһŭû뵽ȻƤӵ»ɱˣɱͱԺĵӣ
ֱûͱԺ
츳ˣǵȻ̤ͱԺһȻԻԭǵԴ
ôھͱ뽫ɵҪȻȳɾûˡ

ҲʱͻȻһҽУ׼ؾǿһ
ǻعͷȥȴʳӺѩ͹һʱ죬ʳӵĽâţ˲ҽŵɳȥǻˡ
ԭؾǿ׷ѩᰵģڱעѩһ
ȻʳӻĬ䣬Ƚһֽ˵
һ̣Ĭߴ޵սҲֳʤڲϤĬΪӰ޵սʽͱԺؾӣȻĬˣˤڵء
Ĭ䣬Ȼôǿˣ
۾
Ĭ䲢ûĵطƺؾǿ߶ҪһЩ
⣬ⳡսУԤϵĽͱԺ˳Ӹˣ
ǣˡ
ʳӡѩ᰺Ĭ˸ԽǺ͸ߴ꣬㳯Χ˹˸¶亹
ͱԺһеӣܹʮˣھȻѾʣˣ
ˣȴһû
ؼԭ򣬱һ֮նɱصĵӣһ˳ǿסʳܹԸˡ
ʱ˿̣ƼתԭԹѵڣΧʣͱԺ˳ӡ
֪ˡ

ͨ¥ݣǰǵ
ѩᰡĬʳӣĲ㴩š
˵˻ǿ߶Ѿ˵㣬Ҫҵͨе¥ݣûôס
ѩᰵ˵
ֻҪҵ쳽ͨе¥ݣܹѴ֮ϵ㡣
˵һᣬ֮˶ʾ˷ᣬҪһԡ
ҪĵĲתƣô˻Ѱһͨ¥ݿҲ˷̫ʱ䡣
ƾӡĸ֪ĵĲдѰ¥ݡ
ǰ¥ݣ¥ʯͷȥһӱ֦޵ע⣬Щ֦޶²ûóȻ̤¥ݡ
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ΪˣǲҪҵ쳽Ǽ˻ǿѡ¥ݡ
¥ϵĿ֦޶쳽ɱˣ˱Ҳܹ̤С
һߣһ߸𽥱ó㡣
ոջһȺͱԺĵ֮˶õ˲ٺôõ˲ҩݣеڶıҲеı
ûκԥֱӽЩҩеȫˡ
ȻЩҩݣƳɵҩĻЧúܶ࣬ûʱ˵һ̤ؾһܹ쳽Ǽǿߡ
̤ؾǻˣȥͲһƿˡ
š
ܿ죬ĵͨ¥ݡ
žડ
һʯͷӵ¥ϣ¥ϲûκηӦ
ŨĹѪζк֦ܶ޵ʬ壬Ӧþ˰ɣ
վ¥ݽ£üͷ΢˵
ѩᰡĬʳˣһ¥ȥ
¥ͨûеƻ𣬵ȴܹܵ¥ϲǰһҵɱһȻǶѻ¥ݿڵһȺ֦ޡ
Щ֦ޣÿһͷؾĿֲڡ
ܹ̤¥ݵģҲֻ쳽Ǽ˻ǿˣ
߰ɣǰ㡣
̤ڵ¥ݣδ֪һп쳽ǿ֣δ롣
;ӡ֮Ĺϵڣ϶Ҫǰ߲ġ
㣬Ŀ꣬Ͼֽ׶ܹ߲ڸߴûбҪĻҲóȻ̤С
Ͼȷӡʲôϵ
գգա
Ųӿյ¥𴫳һ·ţܵ¥ϴѪȹϢ
Щǿ֦ޱɱ֮󴫳Ϣ
ţ˻ǰɱ
;˼ͬʱͣ½Ų
ΪǸоǰһĽâɢųƻֺĹâֿ֦޵˻Ȼһս
쳽𣿡
һţȻǰһ죬ɫһ䣺𣡡


357 ͻ
ǰһ⣬̾ͿԿ϶ǳǰ档
Ȼˣ쳽Զ
οƾһ˳ޣҲԲ̤ܶͨ¥ݡ
Ҳ˵𼴱ûк쳽һҲһ
㾿ôˡ
ţЩ
֪Σȴû̫Ӧֻ΢˵ͷ
ϳǺ쳽һһֱûῪ˵
ô죿Ǽǰǣ
ѩɫһ
ǰսڷʱѾڴùˡ
ȻǲδԷֻڶԷոɱ֦޵¥ϣ⣬ĳЩ޲ˬ
Ͼĸڼˣڱ֦ܿޣҪȥ㣬Ǿı
ҾãǻǺ˱ȽϺãǰĻ˵ᱻΪͼ졭
ʷʵʳɫҲ̫ãŲȻȻ
ȻҶԸͱԺ˳ӣԸڴϵ¥ݵ˻ǿߣź̵ľη
Ϊ˳ľ磬ǳ̵˽⣬Ҫ̤˻ҪŬԼٵѣ
˻˳ҪһѶȲȴ̤ؾõͶ١
һ̤˻˫һȼĴڡ
˳˻Ļ࣬൱غصĲ࣬Ȼֻһ֮ңȴΪ޴
˺󡣡
Ĭ䵭һ仰ҲĹ۵㡣
ѩᰡʳӺĬ䣬Էͻȥ
ȻΨȴվԭأûкˣȻڼǰš
㣿
ѩɫһ䣬Щ̫ܹľٶ
ùңиǰ档
˵ţ漴ӿ첽ǰ촦Ѹٱйȥ
ܹǴ£һֵĺ췢Ӱ¥Щ֦ޡ
ƺǸܵϢǺ췢תͷһۡ

񣬵ȷǳ
Ȼڿʱ򣬳ȴֳһɱ⣡
һɱ⣬һȻȻǰţȴǷǳ
Ȱ棬ֱǰѩᰡʳӺĬˣĬû˵ʲô
Ϊ֪ƾǿ϶޷ֹοΪʲôҪȥֹ
ǰΣأǰǣǺγǣ
ȥֹǸ˵ὫԼϣ
Ȼһսһȴ϶Ը⽫Լϡ
ˣȫģֻĿǰУ𽥿ǻɢųɫӡ
㰡
𿪿ˣеɱʧˡ
˵ĵһ仰Ҳһ˵Ͼǰͳ
񣬳̤ؾܹΣܹԡ
ҡ
˵ͷ
ĲڳǰԶһˣһʵǿļһ
쳽
ͱԺ˻ǿߣ
֪ΣԷ֣
쳽ɱ㣬Żҵˡ
˵
⻰΢һ㶡
ԭţΪʲô᲻кΪʲôƽĸ쳽ߡ
ԭˣ쳽ȻԻ˵вų
ϻ˵û춯֣
һζڴ¥Ϸһ֣ϳ˶Է
Ȼ쳽
ֻڵ쳽¥ϣǰĿ֦սĵĽâɢŶЩ֦޵Ĳа֦ܿ
쳽ʩչȻ˶Ҫǿöࡣ
ٷ֮һ
ɫ΢䡣
ٷ֮һյǧ֮һǿʮ˵˻Ϊ쳽ʩչ
˻ͱ˳ǿ
ٷ֮һ԰ٷ֮ٵȷԼʩչű쳽Ķ֣
µ쳽ȷԶУԣڳһ仰¶ıɣҲûʲôνˡ
Ҫ֪ʲôʲôϵ
ˡ
ɫһ֪ΪˣûѡΨжֲС
ɡ
ɫȻ˵ͷ
Ҫͳ֣£ΪȷţڻĶ֡
ȻȴԼ˵˳
Ҫǣ˳𣬺ͷһ쳽һԲܷŹ
ؾ޷̤룬
Ȼ
Ȼڹؼʱܹͷž֮飬һ˭֪᲻Ǳǿɲ̫ʶռҲһ൱ˣ
磡
һ̧֣һ糯ӿϮ
УŲ֮ɫȻ˵ܹؾǿߣϾûۼԴ˲Ǻš
ˣһУδʹȫֻ̽ԵһС
Ȫϱڡ
һ̧֣֮һϱڣǿɷĻȪϱڣ׾ٵĽһֵ
Ҫͻƿ̤ؾԵĻͻơ
̫չһﵽ˳ϣóɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڻΣ޷ͷųܹ
һܵʱ΢̣˵ͷ
β飡
βɵʵ壬ӳ󱬷˲һ¶ȳ¥ͨ
˺һķôԣУȫܵѹơ
һҧӾβһ󱬷ȻܹһЩʲôͻƵؾԶԶ
սڱС
Ȼ쳽óɱͳ֮䣬ͱضҪһ¡
ڣģóңͻƵؾȻұֱӶ쳽֣ܻ쳽һпɾͺ˵ˡ
̤ǰһһ֮
򣬸ܵô
𱳺󣬻ɵľβ鲻ɢ棬Щ棬ȻǴɢȴĳζһֺط϶ΪһϢ
̧ͷ漴һ̧֣һȻϮ
쳽ںͷţ𲻿ܹİΨսв䣬һ·
˺һ飬򡭡
ŶԷһһԻȪϱֱӵסˡ
򣬽Ϊ
̣ͻƿ̤ؾḶ́ǣҪһ㣬ʵ̫ˣرû˿طĵط
޷̤ؾΣĻ
ס磬ҲЩȡ
һã֪һЩܣ̤ؾôԸ쳽Ͳûпܵ顣
УȻͻƿ̤˵ĿԼͣҲΨоȫһ·ߡ
ɱһܿѡ
Ψһеİ취ɱ쳽
˱ϼսĵɱȴһµĶ󡪡쳽


358 
㡣
ͨ¥ݣڱ쳽Դͨ
Ը˳˻Ŀ֦ޣ쳽û˿ѹɼʵ˻жǼǿġ
ɡ
쳽̤㣬ͷһ¥ϣͳѽѷ֡
ǿԸƺδ˿֣ս쳽һ
أȴܺؾĳһս˵зӲ̫ǿʵҲԺˡ
쳽Ӣվڵڴ
ԭս쳽⻰Ȼ˵ͷת¥ȥܿһ̤˵ڴ
ǰ㣬Ҳ
쳽һ̣Ϸʵ¥ϵ
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쳽ƺò࣬ͣӦòǸӣеֵܡ
ֵ˵ӣѲɣĸ׻߸ǰǣ
ţδһ̤ĵ㡣
ź۵Ĺ¶Ӱ쳽ͳԣȴ˿ûнź;֮⣬෴̤ϵ֮Ȼ¶һĨ졣
ĵڵӼǿˡʩչκκ;ӡйص似ֶΣǿ֮߳࣡
ĸܵΧѾ˲پ֮սһһΡ
ȻˣҪԸ쳽Ҳǲܵģǣܹ̤ؾ
ɱ
쳽
֮óϵֻΪɱ֮ǰΣû뵽Ȼԥ͸û˳ЦĻᡣ
Сӣӻ󡣡
쳽ЦţӣӴΣ
ңͳоһֿС
쳽֪֮䣬Ų飬ʱ˿̣˼ս໥ҪöԷأܲ鳩죿
һվ˳β鸡˳
ɡ
ɫһ
ڣϷҪƵؾܱ쳽ʲôҪȻĻ쳽Զ֣û¡
˵ͷ̸̫֣֮֮ɱһ磬ųϯ
ˣغһΪ磬ڻѾͻƣУͻȴ֮ѡ
վûа취ܵκطӦҪͻƵؾҲüΪѡ
Ϣǣ̤㣬ΧԾ֮ǿˡ
ţ
֮쳽˼üͷ΢΢
ؾޣֻصޣôǿսôãҲӦ÷ֳʤˡ
ѵ˵ڷˮ
Ҫûˣҳȥ֮ɱһ룡
쳽΢̣һγ˵
ڷǳͳս̣ʹ࣬оͷǳ˷ܣ
⻰һͳͬʱһ
ʱ䣬쳽Ƿʲô
ɶغ޹Ҫ̤ؾ̫ˡ
һҧ
ԾķͻƵؾҲϾ֮ǰûôķ
ӡ
֪ǹؼʱ̣ڻ޷ͻƵĻҪˡ
һ̣ܵŵľӡһӱüΪ
֮
̤ǰһһҧĵٶϸ֪Χеľ֮
һ̣ڸܵԼΧľ֮ڵƬռ䣬·һصϡ
Ҫͻ
ܿҡҡͷûиоͻƵļ󣬵Χȴƺںһ
ǡҪͻƵļôܣ
쳽ܵΧı仯һ㶣û˵ͻƵؾġ
츳ѵ˿ֲ
쳽ɫһ֪Բ˳ͻƣ
Ȼ쳽Լʵǳţվǰôܻῴͻƶ޶ԣ
쳽ԸܹһֻϵĻǾԲֻκαǿĻᡣ
ģɱ
һĽâ쳽ۣһɫ⣬ͷն
ֱӶˣ
ɫһ䣬Ҳںǿ̤ؾ
ͻƵؾκ˵һƿЩ츳ߵ˵ȴʲô¡
ֻУͻƵؾѶȱ˰ٱֹ
ȻڣȻǿеϢһڵƬغһ
ڳ·϶мӰ졣
һ֮Ƿغһ
𲢲֪
ֻ֪Ҫôס쳽
β飡
һĨɱ⣬βʱ趯棬쳽һĽâɱȥ
ڰнöΪ֮˶ǿֱƷɣȻײһǽϡ
ֻһľβЩή쳽ʵ࣬ʵ̫Щ
ʱ˿̣жž֮ɫȥҰһƬڹɫ
𡭡
Ϊһ쳽һһ̧֣Χ֮ȫС
̤ʼͰӡҶԾ֮⣬ģ
˫ۣһһ̤쳽
ķʼš
ûʲô̫仯ȻȴܵڵѾϢںϡ
һܲٿָ֮оΪ㡣
Ȼṳ̂ؾôܹǿԼü
ˣСṳ̂ؾֻȴܹϢ໥ںϣӶе
쳽۾е벻ʲô״
ٵؾ
û˳ֹ״ģ
ѵСʲôǹعѵǡ
쳽Ϣһ뵽ʲôˣĲľ֮ԴѵǱСȡߣ
ƿعϢΣĲ࣬վ֮޷Խĺ蹵
쳽һһĽâ׼Ը
֪Լ顢ѹƣ˲û׼ʩչֻԵС
ģ
һȭڵϣʱ֮Ȼ緢Ƴһӳɢ쳽۵Ķġ
һĻõһԵĳɫһϲ
ȻϢϿṳ̂ؾȴƺıǿˣ


359 ޵
Ľâıɢ쳽˼¶֮ɫ
ʲô
쳽ϸֳأұｫ׵ˣ
ˡ
˵ţͬʱ̤ǰһȫоϢƣ˷·ӻȪ
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쳽ŵĴЦҳϣһ·ıҾȣҪΪƾ㣬ܻ쳽δΣ
˵ʲôϻҲͺˣ
΢̣һ䡣
ġ
쳽гɱ⣬һһ˹

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ѩᰡʳӺĬ䣬˲δ¥Ǽ¥֮䡣
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϶ǰ棬ƾһԸЩ֦ޡ
һ꣬۲һ¥ڶ֦޵ʬ壬ѩˣֱ̤¥ݡ
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ԷδҪѩ˶֣ѩ˿϶ȥǶԷϾԷ˻ǿߣǰһ˻쳽ǿ

͹ıӰȥѩЩܡ
˻ǿߣѾȥĵ㣬һ棬Ǿû˻·
˵ֻһ쳽һ˿ܶԸĻôټˣ;ԲǶˡ
ڣѩᰵʲôã
ǹԼ

¥ݾͷУ쳽֪̤¥ǰ;С
ɶ񡭡
쳽ͷ亹ϺŽŲ
ոʮغϣѾʹȫĵӵ쾡£ȴȻ޷κε
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ָо̤ؾǺսϹһɲһսɡ
ţǰ쳽һâ
쳽ǰǿƽ٣СߣڻԻ˵Ϊвȳභ
պúһ˿ϣͳ϶ûˡ
쳽ҼǵãҴδǵ㣬ʼңαأ
һ̤ǰһʵ
ûǹңҪ֣͹ǷϵɣȻǱԺʥŮﲻ꣡
쳽Цһ
ҵĶ
üͷ΢壬ʵ
𰸣Ͳµˣڿˣƺ쳽ΪԵʣŶ˵ӡ
쳽ܶôԹޣϾʮǰһﻹǸСƨܶ졣
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쳽Цţһ̧֣Ľâһͷţ۳һ⳯Դն
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һӣ֮ѸƼ䣬һĽâֱС
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ţ
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ȴţΪڵϣۻ룬Ȼṳ̂ؾʵȴԿؾǿߡ
Ѱ˳ޣԲ֡
쳽˻ǿߣܹѹƣ
쳽벻㾹һصСӴˣ
ǣһ쳽ڽڰ˵Ǳģ̲סЦ
ٷϻϽץסˣԺӶù
쳽һ˵
ǵǡ
ߴһ̧˴׳ֱۣʱ۳ǿľһȭɱ
ģƣ
һ֮Χ˲佫Χ漴Щ֮Ȼƿ
ûʲôףܾ֮ıæʩչ似ͷ似Ӧ䲻Ĺ
СӻҶ֣ɱ
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ȫۣһϮڡ
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š
һû˿ѹ˼̤ϵ⡣
Сӣʹõľʲô
ǣ͹վһгŲ졣
ȫû뵽һأȴܹ˻ǿߣ
еǾ֮Դ̤ٵؾʵ
쳽˵һԸ󷨣


360 쳽֮
󷨣㹻츳ʥԺӣʸȥѧһս󷨡
󷨿֮ڵʥԺӣõһ̶ȵ
˳˳˳ڸˣ԰˳ЧͬȻԽ࣬ЧԽǿǿ϶ġ
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ΪЩΪʲôΪá
;ӡʲôϵ
֪һ㣬ԶõǷѽ⣡
пܣһ뿪ЩҲ޷á
š
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󷨣ƺе
۾Ǵ˰ڳ󷨼֮ɢһĳɣ֪˲öԸ
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Ȼ㣬ǲõ㶫ȥҲ̫ԲԼˣ٣ҵһЩУ

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쳽βϿ׹⣬һ̧һ⡣
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Σһӱð͸
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ǣǡ
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㣡
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쳽һ˫Ѫ˿ȥ
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쳽Ǻصǰ
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Уһжᱻ֪ɱ쳽
ûдŹǰǺõͱԺı
˭뵽һصޣܹնɱ˻ǿߣ


361 ׷ɱ
̤ǰһдЦ
⶯Ǻ˸һʼ١
Ҫ˵Ǽ쳽һû𺳣ǲܵģıĵĿ־塣
Ҫ˵ʵԺ쳽ȣҪһЩ
Ѿʼ־塣
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ɱ
ȻʩչģڵȻ˿֣Ȼ䲻ɱһ쳽ȥͺðˡ
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ĵһͨ׺һƬľ
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նɱ֮ҲЩ΢оеͷΡ
ĵʩչǲȴھһʱʹùĻᵼͷǡ
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ΪУ˻˳ؾ֦ޣܵĻһһȺ֦ޣڵ״̬֮ء
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ɫһչɱķ򼲷ɶС
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ţ˳㿴˭ôǿʵ
߸˵ͷζɫ
˳ķԼٶ׷ɱ

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ͻȻٶȣתһ䣬һαܿ˶Էߡ
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ܿ죬ͷֻĲԾ
Ϊ¥ϣûκ̤һ룬ָӿҪ˺ɷ飡
ˣˡ
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362 
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ǰУֻһ࣬Ǿǿ֦ޡ
ڵУͻ಻ͬڿ֦޵ģޣЩޣ̬죬ս̬ͷʽҲͬ
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٣Ҫܣ
ûã¥ݵ޶ɱŲӿʼд


363 ƣ
еʵȫ˵ܵ
չڣǹɽۣ˻ǿߣһ潫ԷΪľ֮ʵ̫ŨˣŨʵǿʮֹ
Ȼˣû˿⡣
ʱĵУǰĶǸɫޣЩ磬սʽޡȫͬ
һСĿ¾ͻ﷭οһеޣƺȫȺӵģһصĹ
ոգ̤¥ݵƬУֻޣһȺѼ¥ݿڣ¥ݣһҲֻޡ
һ·ɱ߳Ƭ֮󣬱һ޵طΧ˶ԷϮ
צ
ȫŽķޣʵô𣬷֮ķ棬ֻͷȽϴųֹ߲
ְצ𣬶˵ԸѶһ˲١
Ϊצ޵ٶȺܿ죬֮ǰ޿öˣоѪӰսҲȫһȺİצ𶼵ֵס
ĵܹǰİצȫնɱ
֪չں͹ɽʱҲôһȺצ𣬶Ҵʱ²Զ
ֻϧ˫֪Էڸ
չں͹ɽ̤㣬̱㳯෴ķǰҪ֪ڱ󣬾ԻֱתԸ
ֻǣûпϧ
ǲ֪ںͷԴɱĻᡣ
㣬ΪסҡĸͱԺİʮ԰еޱǴץġ
ɽһţһ۾ʮ԰ҲΪסҡĸÿжжʮֲͬޡ
ƾǵʵڶжǰɣҪ˵סˡ
߸չ˵ޣȫṳ̂˽پĴڡȺ壬ضһֻ˽پ죬ǲǶ֡
߰ɣһҪС£һľ֮ԴúԶѾ˶
ɽЩϧ
˶ͲҪȥˣҪġ
չ˵
ɽ۵˵ͷչһǰɱһȺ塣

֪һ㣬ұĸ飬ֻƾžӡڵвǰš
һֱӡźܴµҲֻžӡ
԰ȫΪصĻǿֱӿת䣬һ·ǰͨˣȻѾͲֿտնء
٣ø;ӡʲôϵ
ӡָǰǾͿ϶Ǻйأ϶׷ŹᣬҪ֪ĻᣬÿֻһΡ
ǣݣ
ͨУܿһطǽǣźö̬Сݡ
Ȼûݣֱӽɼӽ˾Ŀռд
֮Χͺ֮ǰȫһˣ֮ǰ㶼ǿ֦޵£ǽȫīɫ
Уͨǽȴûȡ֮Ǹֲͬͼ·
Щͼ·;ľǹ̫ǲģȷţ;ӡйء
ɱƬצڵ˿֪ɽۡչ˲
˵еıǱǰ㶼ҪḻһЩŸһõ˺üݣü۶ɵʯͷ
Щʯͷ֪ʲôõģоҲǿʯϵζ
ѵĳϲĶ
ôֱӽս˾ĿռС
ͻȻߵһתǴܵǰһǿϢ
ţ
˾һ̣һͨڵĴȻǰһɹȻϮ

һʱʩչȸ˲գ˳źͷ˳һؾ룡
ڴ״ƺĳޣȻֻһֻȴܵ˼ǿѹ
ɫޣȻһͷԽ˻ﵽ˽پǿڣ
֪֪ѾĶ˱Բܼ˽پޡ
Ƕ֣
жϳƾڵʵԲǰֻڴ״޵Ķ֡
˵ͷ޵Ϊ˽پһȺޣ㹻ˡ
ȳֵĴޣֻ죬󣬻ʮֻһĴޣ
ЩɫޣÿһͷûֽԴҲû۶ڱǣһúϲźܶһڰУͨзٶȼ졣
Ⱦܡ
˽پǿȺûаʤ㣬Ϊֻ֮·ߡ
УƺÿȺԼĵ̷Χܵ޵ĵ̣ǾܰЩˣ
һţһٶȱӡ
һǴޣֱʩչȸ˲룬˫ЩҪȻĻѱһȺڴ޸סɱˡ
ҵܣ
ڵУʥѡѾûʲôˡ
ڵۺֻ֣Ҫ뿪ʥѡǰʮضһϯ֮ء
ڵҪĿҪʲô
һ㣬ÿ޶˼ȴÿһҪ֪ġ
ǰйˣ̤߲֮ҲҲû˻
ǰ棬ӦþһȺĵˡ
Լٶȣʩչȸ֮ǰУܿ㴩һտãһ貾ʯ
Щ貾ʯȫ״һӰıӰ
Ȼ̤һȺޱû׷ˣֻǻƪ貾ʯ֮⣬ƺ̫뿪ӡ
Щ
̤ƬɨΧһۣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ȸ˲գ
һ̣ʩչһУ˻⣬ȻɵԶ
뿪ƬڵȻȫߵķ׷
ȻЩһ޵һֻ֣ǷŶڳ˯ˣһǾͱˡ
һ¡
ȫû뵽ЩͬһĶһͷͷޡ
磬ҪȻĻѾЩ޸ɵˣôԶҲһۼЩУźüͷ˽پǿڡ
Խ룬޵ΪƺԽˣɲ̫밡
һ߱ӣһ˼š
ڵƺ޾׷֮УϾѾһƬȺأ
ЩȺÿһֶǺǵģʵ޷κһȺԵУΨܡ
뿪Ⱥڵ֮ȻȻĽһȺطΧ
ûãһ·ʶʮǿȺеȺУÿһͷ޶˽پǿڣ
˻УܹԸ
˽پȴֱ˻ǿ˺üڵ֣Ψвϵ
ʱ֮Ѿƣߣ󣬻ǸһǿȺ
ôû׷ϣþֶΣȥȫûˣʲôֶΣóˡ
ѵֻȥ߲㣿
ܵλõĸкü߲ͨ¥ݡ
ǣ߲㣬неˣûһܹģ


364 
һȺһȺǿޣһ·׷ɱ߲ͨ¥ڴ
ӡָķ򣬾ȻЩ߲ͨ¥ݿڡ
ԽԽȺ˼š
ڲŵ߲ȥĻԿͷȺ˽پޣֻ·һ
˵ȫĴȫʢ״̬ʩչűдļ似ܶԸôޡ
֮飬ôԸͷų
һͷţɲ̫ʶ֣֪Լʲô״
෴̤ĵ߲㣬пһ·
ȻǾӡָҹģǱȥɣ
ܿᣬΪһɫӰ߲ͨ¥ݿڼɶȥ
ûãһƬ¥ݿھǰ
Ǹ¥ȻѼǿޣǱֻͷų֮ˡ
⣬һ̤¥ݣ
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ηģȻ߲ͨ¥ݿڣ
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ţһϼǰſǰƬռ䡪Ȼ֮ͬǰһյϼռ䣡
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ǣռ䣬ӡøӻԾˡǱ𣿹ȥ
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ܵΧЩϼУ̺żΪŨľ֮Ƭռио൱ʡ
Ļ£һͷ˽پޣһ˽پǿߣпܽܣ
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֮ǰ̤߲ޣû뿪ƬϼУ
˫Ǿʬ壬ʬѳ˰׹ǣԷ˭ֻ߰׹ϣȴһʯ
ʯһսɣƷƺѾԽ
֮ϣǵؼ켶Ѳǵؼս
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һʼûôϸһ£ŷְΧԼϼ⣬Ȼƺĳڵĸ
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ȻϼٶȺȴûа취ֹȥĻܿͻȫݽ߶
ٶҵ;ӡ໥ϵĶܹоǶǰԶƬϼռ룡
˫ĶϳǰС
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ϼǰУܿϼ;֮֮֮侹޳ͻƽĹš
һɵƬ֮ڵ̱оһˡ
ŵľӡȵ÷ŷƬھ֮룡
оƬռеľ֮Ϊһ壬ģͨƬ֮ģĸܵе
ջīţԦ졭Ѿ뿪ˣ
һƺоĲĵЩˣûʲô⣬Գͨȥ
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ģоУϷɽ˵߲ռ롣
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ۣ֮𣿡
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ʣɺϣǱȻ
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ôۣĿռ䶼װµģ
ˣôŨľ֮ķԣ
һʱҲûʲôõİ취뿪ֻܾʼΧŨľķ

һʱ䵽ˡ
̤ͱԺӣԼμʥѡһٶޣԴгˡ
һ̤ˣܹ˴гʣûƺһʼ˵ô¡
ƺһֱſڣһʱ䵽ʱͨڶ¥ݶرˣƺɫ׳
Ϊĵܵܣƺûдг
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ƺɫһʱ䵽쳽᲻֪
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ڴʱ˻ǿߣ߸չƺߡ
ȻչƺǰǱ㹻ľ⣬Ϊƺ磬ȫڵܹȡ
ˣ
ƺɫһ
û쳽ҲûôȷԼܵѾˣչڿ׿˵֮ƺȷˣ
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֪û׷ϣǼһڵ¥ݿڰ˦ˡ
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ûг֡
Ȼ𣿡
ƺԴûʲô⣬ˬȴǣĵܵ쳽Ҳͷ


365 
ÿ꿪һΣÿһνе޶˲ء
ˣͱԺǹµӽУһЩ֮ģΪÿޣۺʵȽȥ֮ǰ١
˵ʺܸߣ˵ҲһμĻ
ֻƺȫû뵽Ѿ̤˻ĵܵܣ쳽С
ܴ϶вջڣͱԺĵӿһ뿪ˣμʥѡλ
ԺһԼලߵ£ƺûжʲôֻǰչض˵ʥѡһֽۺǰʮģܹͱԺΪͱԺĵӣ
ƺ仰ʱȫμʥѡ޽
У϶ãǿʯҩݣ߻֮ȵȱҲ֪ҪٲܹΪǰʮ
һһƺලǰԼеõĶչʾ˳
ջīõһıļڶһۺʮ֮֡ǰֵıֶ֣֣
ƺʼͳõۺ֡
ŮܼͱԺˡ
ල߶һۣԵ˵ͷ
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ܿŵۺֳҲò˹Ŀ࿴ලߣǵҪẺӡ
棬õһʮһڶһһֵõֶٷ֡
ƺ˵һȺеļ棬еı֣ʵе㾪ˡ
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ңһְʮ֣Ҳ϶ǰʮġ
Ԧ죬һһٷ֣
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ܹͱԺʮˣµˣ桢Ĭ䡢ʳӡѩᰡ磬ؾޡʿУջīţԦ졭ܹͱԺ
Ԧֵ¬ޣһ̫ͣվûץסᣬͱԺ
ԸҲйأ¬ʹȣǵòҲȥƴΪˣ̫ˣֲ
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ջīһɨһܣв֪ʲôζ
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Űο˵һ䣬⻰ȴԼš
ͱԺԺûڹر֮ӳ˵ˡ
ûܴгпܾѾ
ҵͱ󡣡
Ǿ䡰áջī̲סҡҡͷϣټɣߵһǶռ
ջīţ϶ûʲôܼͱԺΪͱԺĵӡ
ûܳͱԺ֮ǿ໥һæ
ԦӺͷ׷ˣ˼ЦЦ˵
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ЩԴƹޣͱԺΧڵڶУʵ㲻ʲôȻб̭
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ʱջīǧѾһεˣǧ̭شƹջī򽫻ΪͱԺĵӡ
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ΪʲôͱԺĲǧ
һȻΪڵڶռ
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ʵǶ˼Ӱ죬һ;Ӱܹ԰ӰŬؾķ
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幫ˣҲѸٷ롣
ûܳ˸о̫ϧˣҲֻǿϧѣ˵ϧֻʮֱܼ뵽ͱԺ
ȻʮֵĲ࣬վûܿһ
ɴô˵꣬һֻʮ֣ȴû֪Щʲô
̫źˣûɱ㡭
ɹСɶ࿭һ뿪һЩϧʹޣţСӾȻͱԺɲ̫ǹɹ
żͱԺɹƻᷢ仯ΪɹСӣδѣȡһЩֶԼڹɹĵλС
вμʥѡޣ̬ͬǶصǰĻȥ
һʼĿûܴг˻ϲǡ
Ȼû֪ʱ˿̵ĵ߲лúúõģˣԾķͻͽĹУ


366 ⿪
߲㡣
ͨرգδκӰ졣
һƬž֮ĿռУԾķ̶Ѹֻһʱ䣬Ѿķ⾳ϵĳ̶ȡ
ʱ㣬ѾرˡҪ뿪ֻܳǰľۡ
ķϲ֮󣬱ϸ۲ǰľ
ռеľ֮ԴƬۡ
ܲܣ䵱սһ
һڿеľԽԽһֻʼܴɢ
𽥵ģžӡƺеľ֮
ŵľӡѵ۸߼ɣ
һ˼һϸžӡߵı仯
Ҳ²⵽˿»ΪѾˣ˵ûʲôӰ죬ֻǣûͱԺˡ
ǷͱԺ˵Ҳû𡭡
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ԽǽӽۣԽ֮ܵԾķҲһЩ
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ӡ۵̫ˣܲ߱仯
Ǽķɡ
Ծûʲô취Ϊ֮Ψķ˵ˡ
ط򣬴⾳ʼϣٵشƣѶҪشƣѶϵʮֹ
λھ۸Ҫķ򣬱ʱ򵥶ˡ
ռУʱ䲻š
磬ͱԺһȺ뿪𽥱ʽ
ÿ꣬ŻῪһΣ䣬ûʲô˻Ͼ⸽ʲôûУΨ֮Χ
ΧԲڣ̡
û֪ڣȻиžķʹ½ǿķ

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ķֻǣҪۣƺֻ̤ؾõ
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һ䣬֮ѭȥûκγԵĶҲûж㡣
һʱԾ۵оƲ⵽Ψе̤ؾ֮󣬲ܹа취ۡ
ڣҽķ򣬸һɱΪľķֻҪþɱΪұܹ̤ؾ
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Ƭž֮֮⣬Ƭܹϼʲôȫûȥо
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ۣλλã֮⣬ΧһȦϼ⡣
оãûƬϼ⾿ʲôǼ׹ƯһƬռС
Щ׹ǣֻϼƮһ򣬱ᱻֱӵ޷롣
һ룬ѵûоӡޣ޷ۣ
Ϊˣ֮ǰ߲ޣֻᱻ޷룬ᱻƬϼⲻֱƣ߶ֻʣ°׹ǡ
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΢ü
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УɶԼĽɶ
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һɱľӡܹĸܵ·ǳΪĵڶࡣ
ӡûиʲôµ似ʽɱ֮ȴһЩصļ䡣
ЩУڵ֪ǰľۣԼʲôĴڣ
Զʱ֮ǰͷ֮δɱ׹䡣
һƬ޾̫ŵУ֮Ȼ̽צ˺գŴӿһȺޡ
磡
۲żе龰һ
ޣȻʹ½磡
ЩӿޣÿһͷʵΪֲڵ̤ؾ޷Ըһͷ
ھ֮УЩȴʵ̫ˡ
ֻһž·Ĺ֮˳漴һһȺȫ˹С
ȻһսǾ֮ʹùս
һӱˡ
˶޵Ĺ˶޵ĹȻֻһս
ͨЩ䣬ѾƲѲǵǼսˡ
ˣͱԺ˵ޱأֻܵȴÿһεĿʱС
ţлתƵ֮ڡ
ڹ봦һۣǲٿĺԴͷ
ЩޣҪѰķȴܿ췢֣Ǹûκΰ취ѡ
ΪЩ޵̫ս
ޣйӲдֱĳһ죬ֲһȱڣΪֲޣһ
ֻʣһЩΪ̫ޣûܹƿռ룬һһֱա
ֻҪۣܹõսǲƵսȴҲԳʹ½սһأ


367 ǹ
˹۵ļ֮⣬һɱľӡһǿһ
طԼĵܹõǿ
սѰ˳ǿҪǿ࣬ԿĻ˻Ҳ˶ˡ
ؾΪ˾쾳׶Σÿ׶Σֳɳͽپؾ硣ոͻƵؾޣ˳ľ磬һ̤˻̤˽پ˽٣ܳɾ̤뵽쾳
ڸ̤˳Ҫһûô򵥣ʱö롣
̧ͷһǰľۣһֱ̧֣ͷųһŨľķ򣬽Ǹ¥ľ

֮ǰ͸оҪۣ̤ؾķС
ڿˡ
ķͷų̱ǿ۽һ˿ϵ·ܹо۵ɶ
ͷŵľķԽԽǿܿ۽һϹϵ
գ
һǾ޴ľۣһСƴСС
ۣԾķ˳
֮ٿۣҪþٿеѶȡ
ȻֻʱˣֻҪоһӣױܲٿ
ҲǼʱĹܿͽеˡ
߲㣬Ҳڵλãսĺģɾ۲ٿ
Щϼ⣬ĳֻĻбսϼΧޡޣȫᱻϼɾֻʣһ߰׹ǡ
۵ģģֻ̤·һ
һ㵽㣬ȫǹѺ޵Ķռˣÿһ㶼ѺŲͬΪޣе㻹Ϊұĸ
ļһЩ쾳ǿޣҿʱûóȻ룬ҪȻĻ
Ҳһ¡
˽پޣ׷±ˣҪ쾳ޣ֪ôġ
ÿһĳͨǶȫյģޡ޶ܹͨ뿪Щޣȴζ뿪
ȻЩ޻׽˱ԼСܶޣҲܹȥģͱԺİʮ԰
ƿˡ
Լռϣڳ˿
ڣֻҪһ뿪ĵ߲㣬ǰͷʮ߲㵽ʮ˲֮Ŀռ䡣
һʱȥˣͷ֮УͱԺ˿϶ѲڣҪβܻȥ
뵽⣬ʱûѡ뿪
ֻϧڵֻܹ۲쵽ڲȴ޷۲ͷʲôڽȥжеԥ
˾ۣƿҲѾ̤ؾ
ۺʵһԾ˼ǿĲΣ٣Ѱ˻޲Ķ֣⻹¡
ͱԺΪһȵѰ֮أ֪ҶˣǽΪУ
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˵ܵҪ̶ȣžӡܣΪһñ֪ضµϿ϶ܡ
ҪȻƾô
˳ϵĻܶпܱ¶
ͱԺҵĸڣʱһóȻǰƺ̫׵
һ룬֪ԼӦòȡһЩԣ٣Ӧͨʵķʽ֪ͱԺеһЩ
ֱǰͱԺʡ
ȴ֪ջīšԦˣܹͱԺΪͱԺӵģҪҵеκһܵõһЩϢˡ
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ؾ˻
۾
ͨĿƣܹɿе˴һ㣬һӱС
һ˻ӣһɫӣϴŲѪȻ˲ǰһս
ȫֻΪʱ׷ɱ
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ˣ˵ܳΪһͻƿڡ
һҪһΡ
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ۣͨһ޸ӵĶ
մӣһֱڵ
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ĵڶ㣬ֻÿŻῪһڣӦòǿʱ䣬ô̤ϵڶ㡭
ӻЩ˽ģ̲ס
׷ˡ
ĸ֣ӵĶͷһ
˭ڶ˵֪ԲܱȺһ׷ϣ򣬾ֻ·һ
ǸòĪһأ

ָܿһ̤ͨڶ¥ݡ
ʱ˿̣һУѾʮǿߣУкü˽پǿڣ
Щˣһۣ϶žſǳͼȻͬһ
ͬһޣΪλ໥׷ɱ
ѵͽɣ
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ڵƿֻۣͨһΪӴͨڶ¥ͨ
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ЩѾ̤ϵڶˣҲˣӦֱӾͻ뿪ˡ
ڣҲֻܴ򿪵ڶͨѣֻõڶ㡭
㿪ʼһֱ߲ʱ޷ãΪ̫˰ɡ
ˣҲ㹻ˡ
ʲô֣Ϊλᱻ׷ɱ
ۣͨЩǱʵ
ӣֻڶȥȴκӰĵЩ쬵ġ
æſմһ˵ӳϣԾǹ֮Իᱻ֮ͬ׷ɱΪҵ˾ǹһϣɱ֮
ֻˣ
ѯʡ
ǧȷ֪ǰմ
ͷ亹ѯţΧϹ۲ţȴκӰ
ֻкüͷؾĿ֦ޣܵؾϢ֮󣬷׷Ѹ뿪
ǹʲô
ûԷʣѯʡ
֮ԻӳϣҲΪ˸һЩ״ˣֻΪ˽ȥжӷһЩ
ǰ֪ǹ
ӳЩ죬漴һ֮ɫ
ǰǹ֪òǼδֵϹɣ


368 ֮
Щơ
ѵǹʲô˲һ֪ɣ
ʲôʹʲô
κθӳϵĶ
ʧˡ
ӳһӱͷ亹̴ǹ֮һλڶʮ㵽ʮĲ֮䡭
ܿ죬Ըǹ״
ԭ̤ؾޣʹ½ϿԼΧǧΪ֮硱
֮УʥԺһʹ½Ϊˣűʹ½ϵ֪
ʵϣʥԺ֮ڶУ㲻ǿ
֮£ӳڵľǹʵʥԺҪ΢ǿһЩ
ʥԺܹΪϡĸԺԼԺͱԺԺһҲؾĵڶ׶Σ컪ѡ
̤ؾ֮ÿҪһѶȶü󣬼ӵ츳ûлԵĻһܱøǿ
ǹĹһپĳǿߡ
پؾ۷徳磬ֻһ֮ң̤һǿ磬ǿܹһƿǧ뿪ʹ½
ǹĹһǿߣȱһ
ΪˣǹʥԺһ𣬼ǿϲΪ֮ߴ
߸ӵپǿʥԺԺԺһپĿֲǿߡ
ߴʮ㣬һֱİٲ֮䣬Χؾ޾ۼĵط
ڳİٲ㣬Σ࣬ﵽ컪εĻ޷̤㣬ᶪ
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˽һ֮еֲԭʥԺǿġ
Ҳ֪ҸںδҲܣ֮ҪĸײС
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СھǹĸҲΪǹԾǹźС
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ţˡ
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ΪЩͣȿֺգһ˫˻޵õᡣ
뿪ֻʣ˫˻ޣĳڴ

оһȺǹ޷׷뿪ûԶȷϾû취֪ľ
Ϊ˱ֵ˺ü죬ž
ڵ磬ڴƹڱĵطܹˡ
š
ȥĿ꣬Ҫҵĸױ֮ѰҸټ
ҪЩ飬϶ΣأĲ˵ͱԺĴС
ͱԺĳЩ֪ţ϶ӣǲǿԸڡ
ȥһ磬һЩ飬Ȼȥƹ
Լг̡
ûȥͱԺҵĸףǾֻȰ鶼˵Ҫȷƹ˶ûʲô²С
ңӴ֮һЩʱȥҲعԨͷŪһЩ
Ҫ֮ߣضҪĵطͷӿ϶֪ء
գ
һķֱӿ˾С
ţоѸС۵ֱֻһ۵ĹԱֻʣһƴСھˡ
ֱӳ˵ʮ߲͵ʮ˲֮䣡
ˡ
̾˿
뿪߲֮Χ֮һգ˲о뿪˼԰һûƿһеĸо
УʵҪǿ᲻٣ΪΧо֮Եʡ
ţûߣ
취뿪طȻԶһ˫ޣ𾪵ĿԼ
ϳⱳ˫ޣǾǹЩǿ֮һ˻ǿߡ
˻УȻһʧˣȡ֮ľȻһŸ̤ؾõˣ
ö˶˵ģôʧģ
˻ޣô벻ͨˣ
Σۿֻһ˳ڳ϶ʱ¶һĨЦСӣʲôˣ˳֮ˣȻ
˭
۾һһ䣬һ߹˴ʤ㡣
ԾǹԬү
˫ޣһӸµĿǣСӣʶĸϽȻӱ㽫ץؾǹʣ
֣
ʱкâͻȻ˫չ
ȸ˲գ
һʱԬ࣬ͬʱһȭ۾ķֱӳź
ԻȪ
һȭȪһӽԬС
˫оڵʵа취Ԭ˺ԥ͵Ϯ֡
Ԭȫû뵽ǰ˳˾Ȼ֣Ӧ˰ģֱӱıΧסˣ
ķŰԬһŭȣȫ˳
Ԭվ˻ǿߣ磬ľķûôǿԾıԬûܹһٻɱ
һ̣Ԭȫ˫ֱɢ˾ı̶


369 ͻ
˻Ķ֣ûԹ
еʱ쳽ǺͱԺ˻ӣȺնɱ
Ȼں͵ʱͬ
ʱ£߲㣬о֮Χ似ĵȫǿ˺ü
˵Уط࣬쳽ǣ޷ӳȫ
ڣԾǹԬȫѳ˲ɢ˾ıϮ
˳˻ȣͲ˼
䲻һȭȻԬ˵ˣȴ˴ţȻȫս
˫ϮֻܻˮĻԼȪϱڣ˫ط
ˮ似
ԬˮĻʱ˫һУƱˣ
Ʊ
һǰδ֣Ǻˮ似йأѵͽܱƱˣ
Ԭڷз裬¶ЦƱˣΣΪүҲҶ㲻ɣ˫ն
һԳսɼй֮ƣֱײˮĻͻȪϱڣЯ׾ٵĽ˺顣
ˮĻķҲԬһʱϾֻ˻ط
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񼶷Ҳóۣ
һЦȻԷɢ˸ľķֻΪԷ߳һذˡ
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ѳսУһ£ҡҡͷֱӽ䶪˾ĿռС
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棬̤ؾͻƵ֮ϡʮ߲͵ʮ˲֮䣬Ҳ֪ܷȻ뿪
ͷһ۽µĵʮ߲
ʱδ߶̫Ҳûʩչȸ֮裬ȴȻȻڰ֮С
֮У󣬲ҪĻͱΧططƶԼǰˡ
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ܵԼΧһ漴һα㳯·ʮ߲ڴϽȥ
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ÿ֮䣬Լɡ
ɾķΧڣҲƮֻȽֹжȻȻƮš
֮ǰʱ֪ÿһǺһϱڣû㹻ǿͻơ
ңԽ֮磬Խͻơ
Ҳ˵ͻƵʮ߲Ļ϶޷ͻƵʮ˲û˰æĻһ֮ǰֻܱ֮ˡ
ƣ
·Ͻ䣬֮ܿܵԼŰΧֹǰС
ķۣ漴γһһȻ
ʮ߲ĵȻƣ
һϼƮһͷС
ʮ߲ûʲôѶȣ
˸žâ뵽μʥѡʱǼͻƵѾͱԺ֮Ϊš
ôҪͱԺ֪Ȼ̤ؾͻƵʮ߲θ룿
Ȼͻ˵ʮ߲ҵļ
δһٴʮ߲˻̧ͷȥ
֮ңʮ˲֮磬С
һ;ǲսԼļޣʹ½Χǧ˵뿪ʹ½ȴǸսҵ;
ʮ˲ͻƣ
նУԼٶȷɳɾ룬漴֣һȻƿ˵ʮ˲


370 ȱ
ڵʮ߲֮ϣŸ߲ǰУ׼ԼʱͱԺĺԺУԺһһεˡ
ɷǵߣԺſڣվá

һ͸һĨذŮ֡
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죬һ˻ԼԺȴһ㷴ӦûУ
һɫ΢䣬ƺоʲôȵǿӲƿԺӴţԺȥźȻ֣ԺУȥ¥գ
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ˣûȥ磬ˡ
š
Ҫ飬޷ǾҪԼĸף
ҪͱȼջīšԦ죬С𣬶С
ܴͱԺǾֻȻصʹ½ȥˣСΪˣصȡ
ȥʱҲܳѰһ³ټ˳һоͺðˡ
ƣ
ȫ֮һ˲ͻ·ٽȥ
ڶʮĲ㡭
ڶʮ㡭

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۾һڰ￪УһС㣬ѸٱӣС֮ԶʮС㣬Ȼ׷ɱǰ֮ˡ
һС㣬һؾǿߡ
һʼ̫£תһ룬ЩСƺǴͱԺڷɳġ
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նУѸٳűڴȥ
ĸӶˣԽԽ
ʮ
ʮ
ʮ
ܿ죬˫ѾܹۿԷ
һ˲䣬һʵĵɫӰǰԿһƬɫ֮УŵһŮӡ
죿
һɻ󣬴Ůӿд
Ȼϵ쳤еöԷΪˡϾһǰ㱻

ֱӱƬɫеĵɫӰһ
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ʮһҶ˳Ϊ޷
дŵɻ
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ʱҲ˵Ļ


371 ݶ
ȻǰĵɫӰǵһμ棬Ѫдּ¶ȴΪ϶ǰ֮ˣԼĸף
һ̧֣ѾЯűΣ漴̫չ
ȸ˲գ
űԼٶԶ˴˴˲Խǧɾ룬ȥ˵ʮһڴ
ʱ˿̣ɫɴµ飬Ƿǳŵġ
ܵһֻؾ˳ΪΪܹͻƵʮ֮磬ѾΪѵˡ
ҪͻƵʮһͱԺ˳ӣûһܹ
ģƣ
ģһȻȥͬԻȪֲһӽʮһƿ
֮ľԶҪģڱĸףûҪء
ŵʮһƿЯűһܱնȥ
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˵ͷ̾˿꣬ƺҰٰ׷ֻϧҲϲɱΪһ¡
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һǡ
ΪԼסһеҡ
μʥѡʥԺලڼţҪȻƺԳ֣Ū˰ɣ


372 ȥ
ͱ֮൱귢飬ܹ֪ˡ
֪飬Īϵȥ
ԭţΪ˱ɱͱԺƹ֮˾ȫ֪ȥôˡ
ڿ챻ͱԺԺһһ·׷ɱܵʲôطȥˣ
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һɫͱǵһ˲֮ϵľأ֮Ϊ֮أһ̤УĿԷǳãһ·ɱմС
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˼ţЩң벻ӳϾȻǸĸʱĺѡ
ʱʮ꣬ӳϻԼھǹȥΪ˵ɼ뱱ĸ飬Ϊ


373 ʵ
һ״
ӳϣʮǰֻؾʱΣգ·ȣ˽Ϊֵܡ
ͱ֮׷ɱӳҲ˺ܴһֻϧʱʵ΢նûֹ緢
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ͱԺʮ꣬ûЦ
һ¶Цݣ»Ƕʮǰһʱˡ


374 ؼ似
ͱԺʥԺһԺ
ԺصЩ似ͱԺȻȫУرΪԺԺıһȻѧʥԺ似
ΪһŮȻҲһ
ʥԺֵܹؼ似һһַһֹѧ֣
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似ΪͬƷ໥ȻرѧĴļ似űʩչ˵ɱ񣬷ɱ֮ͬ£ܵ
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׷⾳ҲҪǿö࣬ʱ۳ɹ⣬һ貹â͸һȡ
챮򡣡
һۿʹõƷЦҡҡͷֻ⾳챮򣬻һַ
ΣΪ⾳ϣشƣͷ
׷ֻ⾳Σǻʯķ⾳ǿöࡣ
ǣֻԿˣҲνǿźܶ챮׼ȫ̵εġ
ţһ̧֣һͬۡ
ǳâɢſǰһ
챮򣬾ȻҲ챮
Ҳԣʥѡܸ챮ΪͱԺԺ֮Ůӵ챮Ϊ桭
뵽
طǷ򡣡
̧̧֣΢΢һЦӣɡ
˫⣬Ȼײһ𣬽Զ׼ġ
⾳ȲϱǷ򣬶Ҷһ似۷壬ֻǳѧѡ
⣬ɻˡ

ȴ٣»һһΣڵ״߶似ʱһ׹˸
챮򣿶شƵľ硭
ǰһȻ֪һּǿľķ򣬵治֪֮⻹ô챮
⣬׷ϡ
һ״ƴ߶⣬Զȷ׷߶泩öˡ
ˣһΣȻûܹܱ
ȥһгԣ⾳״ƣٵ̫Ǿķ
ǣ̫߶⣬Ȳ״ƣɼ׷ʸһЩ
Ǿķ򣬼Ÿոսѧ磬ԾķʩչһٽǷ
ˣֶһɱﵡ
ġ
һţһҡҡͷ
ĵȾķǿ࣬Ըһʲô⣬ɾͲˡ
ֻ⣬һǽں˳ȥ
һµȷŵľķǿ⣬ֻǧ֮һĵ
һԿôˡ
ַѵ쾧򣿡
̲סʵ
Լĸףǲ˵ٻֻܵҲ֪˵ȫǿķ±쾧ǿ
쾧ǿôܡ
ϸֳɫڱǰʩչ˵˿ɾͲˣϾ绹̫֮ͣĳЩǿ̫߱ˡ
ţлѡ
˵ͷ
ʵҪ˵Ҳ׼һֱʹþķĵҪȻҲҪ챮ˡ


ľ ޿


375 뿪
ؼ似⣬ʵʱʱȻš
ԭһֱһıһҲܲ뿪ˣֻһЩͱԺĵӣš
һ㷽Բʮеͨ۸ӣʱڣһҲѾ˸飬ȴûҵӰ
ñһΪջ𣬵Ҳǰ취ͱԺкܶ飬һֱˡ
֮£һҲֻȥһؼ֮Ըһκ˿̱ȥ
һ㣬ֻʣʮ˳ؾţʶġ
һʮ֪֮⣬϶ҲŲˡ
š
ͱԺĵӣ֮ǰǹԬͬ
бһԣܽЩȫɱˣ㱱һԴãЩͱԺӣҲֻǷ°ˡ
һŵޣΪ˵ָһĲ顣
һûκɱǡ
ٵȵȰɡ
Ͳţһһֱ

һȣһʱȥˡ
һ֮УһפصͱԺӣһһ֣ʼûʶ
⵹ҲҪȻϵõĻҵͱҲὫϢȥ
ʱ䣬ͱԺʵҲ˽ˡ
˳ĵӣüˣʮ˶Ųʮ꣬Ҳ˵δкܴ̤˻˽پ쾳ĸ߾硣
ͱԺӵʵɼʥԺһжǿǹʥԺһͬλ֮ߴ֮һҪǿȥ־еǲܵ¡
ǿǹ뷨׷ˡ
ǹ㹬棬ؾǿһһУϼٴεˡ
һʱ䣬ʵ˴
Ѿһ似۷徳磬ǽ̫סԼ⼸ַȫ˷ĳ̶ȡ
ԴˣֵַһֻʯǴȥ»Ľʼɲѡ
Ѱһ֣㹻ˣȻ֣
ַǿܶԸ˽پǿߣȴڲͬʩչͬܲЧ
޷Կ˽پǿߣϴ˻ޣֵ򣬾㹻˵ģûҪʩչķġ
֮⣬ȸ֮һ似۷徳磬һµ÷ܹٻȸ֮Ӱս
ԹһԣֻҪٻȸ֮Ӱնеٶȣһֹȸ֮ӰҲӵһĹ
۷徳ֻأܹüδһУ似ٶȿѰ̫ࡣ
һʱ䣬۷壬֤Ҳñһα𾪡
ԭŽеؼ似еؼ似Ȼط߶ȴҲǲ似
ȻʱһŵͱԺӣȻ׷׳ˣܿһ
ôˣ
˱ñҲЩ⡣
֪ѵǷˣ
Щɵӡ
һ֪ڶ㣬һʱ䶼ûҵ˵ѾҲ˵ͨġ
ϾһôطҪǻڵĻͱˡ
Ȼô²⣬ɲðգһͷһôֵܳȥɾ¶ˡ
ˣһ¡
ͻȻһԴȻ򣺡봫еһΣƺѾȥʮˣѵһѡμ
ʲôѡΣ
Щɻ
ողμһεʥѡѵʲôʮһεĴѡβɣ
ѡΡ
ϴ֮ɫ֮֮ÿʮ꣬ͻͻǧʹ½ѡһЩ츳ߵţʱҲˡ
֮֮
һʱüͷ΢΢һ塣
һӾ˴ƹ֮棬֮˵ħ֣
ˣӡ󲢲ãϾģ޷Щ׶֮Ҫ֪һʹ½֮˶꣬Ƕô
֪ʲô
һ䡣
֪֮һֱء
ҡҡͷңҲûԾһֱֻ˵ԼһЩŵ伮еֻ֪֪ѡʹ½ţջʤĻԸԷ뿪ʹ½̤һ֮·
ѡο뿪ʹ½ţ
һ˵ѡεģ͸µħֵģͬһ֮ˡ
ҪȻĻȻ˵ħ֣ǱĻǻʹ½ѡθʲô
±ԺߣΪѡνԺҪǸ׼ˣҪ֪ǸΪѵõĻᣬһ˱ѡߵĻ˵õõĲ
˵
ѡߣȻ²Ǵḷ́Ȼʹ½˵ȴмǿ
ܹ뿪ʹ½̤һ˵ܹõ֮µĲ˵һλᡣ
ֻǲ֪֮˵ѡʲôҪʲôţǵۣ
ӳϣȻӳҲᵽѡΡ
һţҲûоȻԺӶˣӦѡο˰ɡ
ӳϵ˵ͷһȻˣֶǿԣܱܲǸѡϣܳɣһ׮
ܱܲѡϣҶһȽܵκ˵
ᶨ˵ңǿڱǹͱԺ׷ԲóȻǰ
ѡΣȤǺܴ󣬵ܳɣҲܾ¡
ʹ½֮⣬ѾˣƾĻ»úܾòܴ뿪
һݾߣȻӶ
ǣμӴѡεǰǣܹ֤ԼͱİȫԲΪνԼĸס
ڴѡΣҵʶһǰ֪ЩʲôǰڴҲǸĲ֮ǰš
˵
뵽˲عԨ磬ӡʮ꣬ͷӣ;Գʮ꣬ϵ˵쾧򣬱뿪ʹ½ƣ¾Ǻʹѡйأ
λǰ
ӳϸɻ˹벻ʶǰ
硣
ֱ˵ͷӵ֡
һ֣ӳɫ΢䣺ʮǰɱ˿ħ֮ף磿
Ȼ˶ӡ


376 żҶ
һɫ֪Ƕ˽⡣
壬֪磿
һ䡣
Ȼ֪
ɫص˵ڶʮǰʹ½֮ףҲƱһεı쾧򣬿νպա
Ʊǵһˡ
֮ǰӾǹԬУҲʣʱ;ãƱˮ似йأȴû뵽羹Ȼһεı
ƱȻҲ֮ߴ֮һʥԺǹ֮ˡ
ƱһεƱѵڵ֮ףѻѰ
һ䡣

ӳϵ˵ͷǷѻѰڵڶ͵׷У֮ʤһƱˣһȫ쾳ǿߡ
ͽܡ
۾Ҽ磬ҳָ㣬ѧ似
⵹ˡ
ӳϿǿһɱ˿ħȻᴫ似ң벻ȻţǶΪѾˡ
һط
ҡҡͷ˵ǺһŮйء
Ůӣɴ
˵һ˵֣ü΢˵ŮйһξȻʮǰ伣˵֣Ҳ˵ɴѾ뿪ʹ½һ̹;Ȼ˭֪ʲô
ҲûиЩ
Цһ
ʱ磬ڿ˵ʲôˡ˵֪֣ġ
磬˵ʳΪѡ׼
͸һĨϣڴѡʤ˵֮ˣǰ׳ؿѰһټ
Ȼϣãʼղţ׳ء
ƾǰ׳·һҪʹ½֮ǿޣ˵ܹɴУ
ͱԺӶˣ²˳١
վԱӳϵ˵ͷתȥ
˸䣬뿪ӳϵ֮ûмǰߣһۣͨ㽫
һ̣ѸС˾С
һžۣ˵ʮ߲͵ʮ˲֮䡣
ȥһƬϼƬռ䣬֮һƬռпɾʲôûˣֻʣһƬϼ⡣
Ȼûˡ
ܣûκһӰһȷͱԺӶ뿪ˡ
ȻҿɾͲˡ
΢̣պãȸչ·ʮ߲նȥ
ӳϣδǳֱǲˡ
ֻҪһܽ˷ų˵ӳʼնߡ
ڵıӳϣ˶ûиܵʲô쳣
֪ƿѾǷʮ߲㣬ӳϣȴʲô֪ɻ
ֶ뿪ôãûʲôϢѵǳʲôˣ
ӳЩǵ˵
صģǵϢˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ܽƿӳϣҲֻ˵סӳˡ
һߣٻʱҲ֪λǰ᲻š
ӳ̾˿
Ҳ֪¿Ǹ뿪ĺʱҪڲߣԺûлˡ
üӣҲֻĵЦЦûѻˡ

ȸչһ·ɶ£ܿĴ˺ü
˵ȸ֮裬˵Ļɴ似أҲ֪ǻһŮӣ¼
һ
մӱŮӡ֣ʵ뵽ǸŴγСеŮӣҲſ¾ӡŮӡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱлԷ
û룬·ս£һһ㣬ܿĵƿʮ߲
漴ǰȻʣһƬʹ½úɽǰ
ǧڵϼ⡣
ǰǧɽӺһƬȻ⣡
еأ֪ʲôط
ͷ·ɽȥһ۱˺üڳС
Ҫ֪ǵȥʳе޲С
뿪֮һ˿Ϊȫ࣬ûҪʩչȸ֮ٶˡ
ܿ죬һ֮⣬һţⲽųſ˹ȥ
ﵽؾ֮ؾؾ޾ͺѿľΪˣֻ֪ʵǿ
һ·ȥ;˶ͶηĿ⡣
ؾǿߵƣ
Ȼ֮ǰڴƹ龰ͬ
ڴƹһؾǿ֣֮߳ضһ̾Χ˶ֻǶЩηû̫ŵľٶ
ؾǿططҲһļ𣡡
ڱıǣؾǿߣڱǵޣȻؾǿʲôֳݡ
УҲࡣ
ûóȻ·ѯʣֱ߽˳ţڳſȻ
ţˣ
Ȼüͷ΢壬̤ţоǰڻشۼһؾǿߡ
ؾǿ˵ڶƬغһƿطԻһֶơ
ƣڰֱܹ֮ӱؾǿ߸ܵõ
ڣоؾǿߣԷȻҲĵ
֮⣬ƺһ¥
Ŀһʾ¥Ұͷǿߣ¥С
вСĸ֪̽鲻λãҲ˵ھ¥ǿߣһǳ
ֲЩ˶֣ԭؾ˳
һЦȴδȥ¥ˣĴ۲Χ
һҲ¥һºȲ裬һΧȺ̸
ܿ죬˽⵽ڴȻƽ³ǣ
ƽͱԺϽΧ֮ڵĴ֮һۺʵ뱱൱
۾ʥѡļڼͱԺӹ÷ǳ
ƽܹţ֪ȵܲٱȴƹҪǿöˡ
źȲ裬ٵôĸǰȲ뿪
ʱоԶ¥ǿߣȻڷշ˹
ң
ɫ䣬ԷȻȤǸպÿԴһ
Էһ˳һ˻˵û̫вһЩͷҲ¡
ףȻ㣿
ܿ죬һȵɤ˹ЩϤҲһȡ
ˣȻ֮һйһ֮ԵǺҶ֣
Ȼ֪常糤ȹǺҶֵˣӦѷǵвŶԡ


377 ɳ֮
ǰμ˴ƹ䣬ҪʱǺҶֱͷһǰҶѹƣͷų˾֮飬Ю˷롣
ȻУĪ𰣬֪ࡣ
ԭһжǷڸԭǺҶСʱ򣬱常糤ȣҪ֪ڷ糤еλĻǺҶֶȻ֡
ֻϧΪ糤Ů˵ĻǺҶŲɣžĴڣԷ糤費Ӷ֡
ǺҶֵʵҪõֻ÷糤ĵҩȻûʲôѶȣһֱ÷糤ΪָĻ»鷳û¶档
֪Ϊ糤ָΪŬŶЩøУʱǺҶҲѾҲټˡ
ԭ벻Ȼټ㡣
ǺҶһ꣬ʱһ̺۵Ҳ¶Цݣڴƹѹƹ㣬һжᣬϣ㲻Ҫ⡣
ɡ
˵ͷɨǰһۡ
ǺҶ֣Ȼ˻ǿߣģһư粻һ꣬ʮ꣬ȴѾ̤ؾҲнʱ
˵ҲѾʮͷˣ̤ؾѾ㲻ʲô¡
ʵսɲͬµκˡ
ʲôݣɳ˾Ȼưѵǲɳ˷
ؾĽ꣬һ¡֣ͷð˲ָ
ɳ
һҶ֣֮һļһȻݣ
޷ɣһˡ
Ҷְ˰֣漴¡
λǣ
һǽꡣ
λŰԣ³ǰ׼ţΪǻɳǡ
ǺҶ΢΢һЦ
ԭǻɳǡ
Ȼ
ոư˵ɳδӦһ˵ɳǣ֪֮ߴ֮һ;ǹʥԺƱ
ģԴҶû˿𾴿ԣǽԣʱӲˬˡ
𣿼Ȼ֪ҶݣȻߵף
ưԣվžӸ
ԣɨǰһۣȴδ˵ʲô
ԣȻ֮ǺҶڴƻʳ䳡ǺҶֶѹƲҪǹڻġ
Ҷ־Ϲߵף
Ȼǲܵģ
˵ʲô¡
ǺҶŰԵĻҲЩˬˣ³Լɳǣǿ츳Ϊá
ڣֿǺ˵ҶֵȻϲϾҪ޸ϵء
˶㲻ѵ̲ɣ
£ǺҶʣΪɳǵȻһ֮ʵĿе󣡡
˵⻰ȻǺˣƺ˵ǲóΪɳİԵҾͲɳ쳽һ
֮
ǺҶֱһ˵ҲЩ֪ǰʥѡʲôĳɾͣ
⻰˵ģЩ죬ԭǰʥѡ飬ȻôԶĵطǺҶֶ֪ˣ
ʥѡĳɾͣ
ԣǲ⣺ǴͱԺ֮ˣûмǴĻɳʥԺһֱǵжԹϵ
δͱԺˣ˵ô࣬Ҳá
ǺҶҡҡͷȥǵЩƲ˹ɡ
Ϊ˴ˣ㾹˲ǲңѵǾҲ츳ɣ
վЦһ˶ʮ꣬ȻҲŸ̤˳֮ҰԵ츳ȣҰǲμʥѡضиóɼ
츳ûκιϵ
ǺҶֵ˵Ҫ˵츳һɳ֮У츳߲٣Ҳû㣬һ̶ûУԴĿһУ
Ҷ֣˵Ļ
ͻȻЦ֮ǰΪɳǣ˵ûû뵽һת۱ԭα¶
ԭα¶ģɡ
ǺҶֵţҿ㻹Ǻǫѷģ˭뵽ڣȻưĿˣ
ȻˣҰԣȥɳˡ
ת֮ǰɨҶֺһۣǣȻ֪ʲô츳
ĿŰԺҶ̸δ졣
Ȼ츳ߣȷʵС
ҴδСӣһʼͲңĪ
ҡҡͷûж롣
츳ٸߣܱȵùľӡɣ
һָͷܽԸѹˣԴСһƽϡ
ЦˣҲ̫ưһɳǣ²Ǻ¡
ǺҶתͷЦһЦ
ȫûԣǿ˰ԵƷԣΪĿģ֮⵹ͦĵġ
ǺҶУȷ
޷֪ǰʥѡϵ£
ûмԵ飬תƻʵ
ԣֻһС˵ֵ⡣
ţɳУ¶ռ֮磬ν·˽֪ˡ
Ҷ̾˿ֻϧûԼǰ˶Ϊˣû뵽
Ҳû뵽һܻųȻܳǱˣҵúú˲ųɡ
£һЦ˵
ô˵ˣҶֵȻ˼ѯδġ
ˣ˵ʥѡ֮ʱͱԺĸ˶Դ㲻ȥкδ㣿
ǺҶЩȤʵһɳǣ츳˵ڼĴѡӱһɳǣȻ
һ֪㾹Ȼǻɳǵ
תƻ⣬΢΢һЦ
ҵʦɳǳȻ㱻ˡ
ǺҶҡҡͷɳǵĴͳǻǿʹ½Ѱ츳һȻǼɳǡʥѡǵжҪ͵ö࣬ԣĿģ벻˾ȻƷԡ
츳ȷ㲻ҪضҪ
۾˵
ҪҪɣ֮ˣʵǲΪϧ
Ҷֵǿú֣ܿǺȾƣǰҾˣûзǰûҶֵĽ졣
Һܾûȥƹˣ֪常Σ
̽Եһ䡣
ǰˣƹ϶ûܶǰ
Ҷ˵
лҶˡ
ЦЦóҶĶԷ糤ͦģҲϿҶΪѵݡ
лҵĻһɳǣһɳǣѡΣΣ
ҶֵҲٴ롣
ԣ˳˼


378 
˵ʵڵģνĴѡΣвȤģƾ˽ύǿߣǶǰ׳ѰҸ档
ѡҪβμӣ
μӴѡεʱͱԺǹ֮һԣǸô죿
Щ뿼ǵ⡣
ڣҶֶ룬ɸ⡣
ɳǣôѡεʱҶȻ֪ҪβμӴѡΣڴѡУŻɳǣһڱҲͱԺǹ˸С
Ҷ֣ҼɳǣǹͱԺΪС
۾˵
һɳǣɴû¹һ㣬ıɡ
ҶַһЦȫû˵ġ
ɳǣԭͺʥԺЩ϶ǹҲʲôѺùϵ룬Ҷ˵һʧûС
Ϊļ룬ƾ츳ʵпþǹʥԺԱ
ǻɳ׬ˣҪģֻڴѡεʱһЩұһˡ
ڻɳ˵ѡ
Ȼˣұɳǰɡ
ЦȻʵѡʲôʱʼ
˸ȷľ
ҶҲ¶һĨЦ⣺ѡοʼĸʱ䣬ʲôԾȥ죬ȻҲȥһ˻ɳǣһɳһЩؾǿ߰µġ
ǵǲãʹ½ƾڵΪӦûвõˡ
ҡҡͷȰԼ£һ֮󣬱ǰɳǡ
ãһΪ
ҶֹһЦһºڴƻʳǵңһǰ㣡
š
˵ͷδܾҶֵĺ⡣
Ͼɲ֪ɳʲôطûҶִ·Ļһ˿Ҳ֮
̸֮Ҷѯһ£ƹڷ
Ҷֻش֮󣬱ˡ
˽̸൱죬Ȼڼ³ǵŰԵȥҶ΢΢Щˬļ룬ҶַһЩ
ȥıӰҶ۾뵽̤һһ·漣ǵľ»ˡϣڴѡһˣΪʹ½ǿߡ
ҶɳǣȻΪǷ糤ӣΪ츳ʵ
ҶֵľڻжܻųҶֿȷһЩܡ
ЩܼѡΣԻɳ˵һջ

һ·ռɣûʲô·
ﵽؾǿߣʹ½ǳͨģѰ޸ƽǿȵǿߣȥһؾǿߡ
ֻ·ûκ˻
ƽˮϿգǸʹƹ༶С͹ȣȵʵô
ǼǵʥѡУˮ޲μӣֻϧɳһУͶڵ׵λá
֮ڣҲʲô仯
ˮСȣǱˣطұʶ·ˡ
ţһ·ռУٶȷɿ졣
ѰҪһ·̣˵ֻҪһʱ͹ȥˣٶȿ˲֪ٱ
ܿ죬ǰһƬǰ
ǱǱĳΣǺˮٲ洦ɼ
˱ڣоԼˮ似ûӴһЩʩչٶҲһЩ
Ȼˮ似ڵ˵Ѿ㲻ʲôǿ似ˡ
ֻе뱩¶Լ̫ʵʱʩչˮˮĻǱȽϲѡ
ڱ¹㼣
󣬱Ƴ˴ƹڱɹ˴ӣʶϦϦϼŮϦ裬ѧ
Ҳ֪Ϧˡ
Ϧɷֱ꣬꣬ϦСѾͷ϶Щɣ
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ѵǱĶǣ
ţϢһϡ
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ؾǿжǻܲˣֻܰͨһ֪ǿɡ
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رסĿջУһ˽̸۲²ݣֻǵȻ²ݡ
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˵ǰͷӸץ˻ֻûҵŮϧˡ
ڵۻ֮ң࣬˵һλʵ۵ŮϦ裬츳൱ֻϧ
Ҳû취˭һλʵܳȥˣһͷһСӣֻܶˣ벻Ǳץסˡ

Ÿ˵̸üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ϧ裿
ʦͷ
Ϧң
ܶǰ벻ͨĶʱȻͨ
ԭϦϣϦɺϦСѾͷȻǱ֮ˣϦңϦң֪ϦĻͲ³ˣ
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ʱ֪ϦϴϦסھɽڶܳңû뵽ܵľȻǱϦҵ׷ɱ
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ϦϣȻϦҵ˸ץסˣᷢʲô飬Ԥϡ
ۻ֮ңΪȨλν伫
Ϧ裬һεۻʵѪζȨĵۻ˵ǼвץסϦϦϣ϶飡
ϢǣϦϱץסˣϦȴûҵ
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ֻҪϦһղҵϦϾͿ϶ᱻɱεۻʣ϶ҪͨϦϣҵϦټ
ڳȵĻü
Ȼ֮ǰ뽫ʳǵ͸˲УҪȻһС̫ǿߵΧҲù
رڵ¶棬ҪȻͱԺ;ǹ֮˶ǿɾͲˡ


379 Ϧ϶ϱ
ҹڱʳдܿҵһСߣ
һֻҪǼˣϲȫࡣ
˳㣬õϢʱ˿̣ʹ֮ڣؾǿ߲Ҷֻ˳ûһ˻
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֮̽ûκԥֱűлʹնȥ
ǵĻʹɾͲǱôýˣǸо磬ҲֵܾĽȥ
շɵʹӻʹбһؾǿߣն
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һ˴˱ʹ£̨·У
СߣԶԶĿһۣһۣһ޵Ĵ磬ǱϦĽޡ
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ؾ˳ʵһʹӵҲУֻϧĵעҪС
Ȼ˵ģȻҪҵĶ
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ˣһ仰û˵չ˲䱬ƳΪֲٶȣһ׹֡
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οǵؼƷ似
ʳϿգȻһ죬ؾǿֵ߽Ķ˲䴫ȫǣΧ޷׷׳Żʹ

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̤ӣĵשҲ׷ױճ˽ڣɼֻ
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һԱٵˣ˻ߵĺһ
Ҫָÿṩ˵ҩԹۣᶨվڱߡ
ʲô
ǻԣɫ΢䡣
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ͬǻ͵챮ҵҪ׷ǲǱĲ
һЦһȭһӿϮһ⣬Яƣǻޡ
챮С챮򣡡
һ̴ţѳ

֪ԼǿˣΪʩչĻ淨Ȼ׷⣬ڰнӴ֮ڽڰˡ
飡
ۿ֧Ųסһһͷ鸡ֳ˲佫ʩչķ
⣬ⱬ
кâһ׷ʱƿһֲϮͥԺֱƷɣҲѹơ
ν壬˶Դһ˵𣿡
˫۱նϵϦϻſڣǻŭڱ׷׷ͷų
⣬ⱬ
ؼƷ似ʥԺľ似ʱ˿ڱʹܵ
ͥԺһӱ׺׹⣬ޣδֵޣһֲѹסɿȥˤڵأȫ׺׹⣬ʹ಻


380 Ϧҿɽ
ֻ棬׹⣬һӻȪ߳񣬵ָ佫ޡȫɡ
漴ⲽǰϦԡ
Ϧϡ
Ϧɵӣܵտ䣬ͷǷߺޡ
ⱱϦ֮ˣҲ̫̣Ϊ˹̵ۻ֮λȻһ߶˿ֱ̣ɥ
οϦɺϦ裬ûлصϦңλ˼ȺˣǷŲҪϾɱֶκݶֱ˷ָ
ߡ
ȻȳϦɣûҪˡ
չЯϦɣһ赽ҹ֮УԶߡ
ʹϦҶ뿪Ȼǿʱ˿̣ȴ׷
һǿߣּԸͬؾޣϦңʲôȥ׷
֪ͨƱϦһʹϮˣʧأ
ʹ֮У´
ͬʱϦ֮Ѹжٶ˵ҩȾ׼ޡ
ˣϦһţֻϧǰȻһ֮С
ƱˣʦԲưոݣֻƱ˱֮ˣ
һЩˣǼһǧܸˣ

ЯϦϣһ·ɣܿɹ˺üƬ漴һϽ
ͳǰϦϸǿЧҩϦϷȥڸպϦ˹Ҫȿˮ
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ҪָϦɵͣˣϾṳ̂ؾ̫ѾԶԶˡ
Сû°ɣ
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ۣ
еȡǹһǹࡣ
Ϧ֮࣬ˣǲеĻٶЩ׷ɱҰɣȻʧ
ЯϦתȥ

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һɫˣһߣԼһͷޣһ˻ʹ֮С
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ɫһӱˣΪ߷һֻ
ֻ֣ʹɳȥ׷ֵܣѾָɱˡ
ߡ
ɫЩɳƵһ̧֣ȳһ·˳ȥ
ߺͷޣҲնУɫ˳С
ĻһӱϳǵڱҶˣ
ߣгӣǰϦһʦ
ڣõҶӦƳĳֵҩʹһ̤ؾ
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꣬߱ԾԵƣѹס˱ǵĳϦɺֻܳžɽӡ
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ʣͷԭǱ߳ǵĽޣõ˲ػĻᦣ뿪˱߳ǣߺͳӡ
ڣһﾹҲѾ̤ؾ
նУߵķѸ׷ȥ


381 ն
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Ϧɣһ·ɣһʱȥɳǧ֮ԶϦ˵Сǡ
Ϧ裬СѾͷС
ɨһСǣоģ̫Сٴõƻʳǵĳ̶ȣεĳǳأڱȷǱȽС͵ˡ
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ϦָָǶ
ȥ
˵ͷ漴ųǶѸٷȥ
ؾǿ߽Сǣʱóһֱ߾Сǣؾǿ߾ûôˡ
Ҳֻص޶ѡ
γ֣ȻȻ˹עܿ죬αҹʧͬһէȻǡ
ʩչȸ˲ֱ֮ӽ˳ǶһƬУֱͣϦ˵Ǹ޼ͥſڡ
ؾǿߵϢʱ˸֮ˡ
ʲôϢͺˣҪȻ̤ؾ֮ߵﶼᱻ˷֣ʵ̫鷳
š
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Ͼǰӡ̸֮ڸĵرʹ½ûгֹ
ڸϢʹ½ϻʹڡ
´μ磬ɵһû
š
̧ͷǰű˴ͷˣ漴һĵǰ
λ磬ʲôԸ
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ֵͦǮģһЩѶûأܾ˷ѵⴢУöˣͷҲЩ
ǣСѾͷϦ֣תԺ뿪ȥ
ϦЩԥģת
Сӣ㲻֣ͷҿҪǶ֣
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ɱ޶֮£磬ǶԴСһȻǶС費ã飬òȥ
ЦЦֻҪһ˲мپ˵ϢȥϦϣûΣ
⻰һϦɶʱȻ
Сӣհ
ϦɹһЦ
ҲǱƵġǾãϦҲưոݣǲڴ˾ɱǳʲô¶ˣɾͲˡ
۾
ʱ˿̣ܾЩΣռĸоָоһֱǷǳģ


382 ط
뿪С֮ǰ⽫Ǹͥӵپ˵Ϣɢ˳ȥ
Ƿ޶˵ҲŶҹҪ뿪Ȼȴȫ͹޶پ˵Ŀ
컹ûǻͥбѪɺӡ
ϢҲܿ촫ǳء
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۵ʦӺȻһЦǼһĵӣǲƱʵŵúܣȽǼһץס൹ЩµĵҩҪЧ
֮УΨֳֻᦵĹͷüͷ΢΢һ塣
棬׵磿
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һУûκο뿪
˵ҲԣСӣˣϦҵɣƬ½֮СǼһôܶܲԶ
ӵϦҵʵ̫ˣһͷСѾͷôꡣҪҵǼһĻ»ðһ֡
ලˡ
ɫ߷Ը˵
ǡ
ͷ˵ͷ
˱㳯űʳǷعȥ׼־˺ˡ

ʱҲûΣռٵĸо
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޷ͻƣҪеĵؼƷҩκá
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κϦˣԶΪ
Ψ֮еߴпܹκˣҼǸҲҪѴпܽκá
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һлᣬԲŹϦ֮ˡ
Ҳգһר׼ѡΣ𣬾Լɡ
ҡҡͷš
չЯһһ٣ٶȳűȥ
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ܾЩϤӦȴȫ벻
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糤кŷӵܰ£漴˸ƣתźԺȥ
΢̡
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ϦϺС裬һϢȥˡ
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ڷ縮е׷ʲô£Ҳֻܲϲ²ˡ
˶ǾãӦ֮һǺҶ֣̽Ҽ糤ˣΪ飬֮ǰһΣ
ƹǸỳɵϡ
⣬Ҳṩ˲ٱ


383 һ
һ·ŷ糤裬̤˷縮Ժ
縮Ժƽʱûʲô˹ģʱ˿̣Ժ֮ڼΪ
СӣҾ֪ġ
糤һ̤ԺѹЦһЦ
常ô֪ҵģ
ҲЦų
ϳˣֻǰõϢ㻹ţⷽһ£ԽԽ񡣡
糤عͷЦ֡
漴оԭںԺļˣֱڷΧ˹
ܵЩ˵Ϣüͷ΢塣
أء쵽ֵģ⼸˵Ϊ⼸ɢϢеʶζ
漴ǰ֣һȻŴ͡
֪ǺҶ糤ˣȴû뵽ɹ˾ȻĸˡĸһǱ㱻նɱ
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ӣɳǵϢҶѾˡ
Ҳֲ÷糤û̫ԾԭѾ׼ˡ
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ԣ˵ͷ
ܰϾǷһ츳ߣþ֮ԴĻ̤ؾĿҲȷ糤öࡣ
ֻҪһ̤ؾôڴƹĵλȫͬ


384 ͨؾ
ЩԴǸƹһ䳹׸ͷ档
ڷңȻҲˡ
֮ʮöʮ˵һأ֮Դ֮ˣм̤ؾ
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ֻҪ̤ؾôǺҶֵտ֮£ʹ½ܹ˷ҵ˾֮ˣвõҡ
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ղΣڵ˵ûκιϵֻԲźȥû뵽ѾĿȫǡ
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䲻һ䡣
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Ϊǰ׻𣿡
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ʱãڼйɴ˵һ顣
ԭڶʮǰոյƱ㿴ʹ½һŮɴȻԷȴʼ롣
缫Ϊˬʹ½ΪپռǿߣôܻеòĶ
ŮˣҪж٣Ȼƫƫɴ˿ˡ
ΪɴԼĲѪķȻʮһȵĴѡʱɴȴж


385 켶ս
ʱɴΪȻȴϲƭһ
ȻǰμӴѡΣ쾧򣬱޿ϣʹ½
羭һʱ뿪ǴȴɴȥҲѾʧȥ˲μӴѡεĻᡣ
ΪѡζʮһΣֻʮµ޲ܹμӣ
ȵʮѳʮ꣬ȻûʸμӴѡˡ
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סʱɴµҩ˷׷׻Թȥ
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Щɻ
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ġ
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һСؽӡӽǷɴ͸ܲˣ
µҲֻһ취ˡ
ȡ˾ۣһһСؽӡӽڶĿռС
ʵֻܴĵڶˡ
ǶĶȥˣ
绹ںף㶵ʵ
ˣɴӦøܲˡ
˵
Žռսˣ
üͷ΢壺Ҹоӡ켶սǿռսҲ޷໥֮ĸӦ
ͷİɣռսͨĿռս
һ䡣
Уط򶼱˼£ؾǿֻɴ˿ɼռ䣬Ѿˡ
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֣ص˵
켶սôˣδ̫ϧЩ
۾
ʵҲ֪һСؽӡΪȫȴԼĴ㡣
ӡʱҪƿصķӦɱӡ֮
ģûʲôʶȴܵӡĿơ
ӡӡ˵ǸΪҪĶ


386 
պһСؽӡ֮˿
֪ǰиսǾҪӦͷ硣
ͷ⿪˽ӡôǲǸŵˣ
۾֮еͷ
˰Σ漴һȻ
ǰӡ⿪»ָɣʮ꣬ʱ޿̲ڴһ죬ڣһ١

Цһɳ죬һ̺ˮ·豩һߡ
ǹپǿߵƣعԨΪ֮
Ȼ
һ̤ǰˮʮһͷͷҲƮȻͬһͷʨ
ȻʲôˣԼĳŵȻ
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˲Ѫͷ㶮ؾϢ
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üͷ΢壺еУʵ̫ãֻܶΪԼöѡԷ㣬ʩչزϢ
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˵ͷ
Ȼ⣬ܱûкãԺʹ½֮䴩еʱ򣬲±¶Լݺʵˡ
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˵ͷʾû⡣
⣬ͷΪƱı϶ҲҲ򡣡
˵
Сӣģ
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ٶŵͱԺЩУһĴˣ


387 ǰ
ʱȥɹʮ֮һ˵֮·ϵҪһ
Ϊûģ츳㣬ΪԲϡ
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գĪɽĻ⵽ʳǸѹ˥ˣܻн죿


388 г
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ӡƻôҲûϵˣʮ꣬ǸôҲܳң̤ͨؾҲҲͬһΡ
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389 ׷
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ŵҹӸˣһɪĳ³Ц
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ЩԼ⣬ԴڡҡξټҡҵˣȫЩֻӡ
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ƹؾҲǼ˰ɣ
ɨһܣһЦȰǲҪ֣򣬺Ը
仰ھĪɽ䡢ͳģ


390 ֱ
Īɽ䡢ģ˵ȷǴƹ
ƹ֮⣬ֻһҵĳԼոͻƲõķܰؾǿˡ
вĪɽ䡢ͳģò
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ĪɽһϮۣɽˮԵüΪУȻڷܰǰסʱȴΧ˺Ϊ֮һϡ
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СɺͷƷ壬ͣסŲһۣӶԷж˲˼֮ɫ
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Īɽ䣬ǰǴδԳ棬ʲôͷҽãʱ˿̣ҲδָĪɽ䡣
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Īɽ̤ؾѾʮͷȻδͻƵ˻Ҳ벻Զ
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Īɽһʱɽˮͼ۳һƬˣһͻ渲ȥ
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һ̣·ƻʳǶһ£ͥԺȫѿؾǿܲĿֲ


391 ߳
һ棬ɻ˷ܰĹͷ㱻ĪɽƵѹ˵֮ϡ
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Īɽ̤ǰһ緢д΢Ц̹״ӿĺ̨ܹҺµĻһ㡣
һɽѹڵϣŶ޷ѣֻҧƱˣ㻹Ͻſӣڿɾˣ
ƱǱһ𣿡
ƱһԱ߾Щʵ
ޣĹƨʲôƱᲢۣ
ŭһǳ֮˼Ϊˬ
ڴƹ˵֪ƱҲϾĳЩؾǿ߶֪顣
Īɽ䣬ǲڴС
΢΢۾Ʊ㾹Ʊˣҵû뵽Ҳԣĺ̨ɽƱ
㾹֪Ʊ콫ӷſ
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Ŀɽ˵ɣ㵽ǲƱˣҶû֤ʵء
Īɽ˿Ϊ߶ѹȥͷϸֳޱʹɫ
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֮ʤ£ߣڳˡ


392 ֮
ߴźɫ˷ҸۡϿգ˶ɢƸסˡ
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Īɽ䡢ؾǿߣ׷ɫ䣬˹Ȼ˻ǿߣȻֻһһ±ܺɨƹ
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׽üһǰĪɽͷ֮ˣɱƱʹߣ׼á
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393 Լ
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ȥڻɳǣɵúúѰҩݣƵҩȡԼոһ¥С


394 ɽ
ƹһ⣬Ҷ뿪ˡ
ڴƹ˵ܳһʱڶԴŹߵǿ߻оη˵ٵһս
֮磬ߴԼͬμĴѡΣض᲻ϼìܳͻ
һ֮߳շȥһ߶ǰҶһ䣺ˣҶ֣һʣǷ֪ʥԺһţգӦʮ֮ǰѡʥԺġ
ͻȻ뵽ջīԿѯһ¡
ջīʮǰҳߵĵܵ츳ߣôӦû֮綼Ŷԡ
յţ
Ҷһ˼ҡҡͷûʲôӡ󡣲ڲڣһյĸ֣Уϧûˣֻ˵ǿ
ڣУ
üͷ΢壺ӦòˣӦǽʥԺġӦûʲôܣʥԺתʲôڰɣ
ǿ˵һ
ҶЦһ֮磬ߴŵתŵ飬żʡûʲô츳ģ͸˼ҶҪţÿҪģԼҲѡȨ
ȻеĹȥҲ˽⡭ºĴѡΣ֮ǿ߶һãʱǿ߶¶档
Ҷ˵꣬иֳһĨ֮ɫ
ͨѡΣǰʹ½֮⣬֮ģֻϧҪͨѡΣѶȼÿζڴѡεĹ̵С
Ŀ֮ţͨѡεβԡ
˵ͷ
ȻҶֶ֪¶ҲֻܵºĴѡ˵ˡ
ѡΣ֮ʢᣬ֪ܶԼûʲôϣͨѡΣȴһֳ
ΪһֲǲԣѵõĻᣬǺܶһΨһһܹ֪ԼԵĻᣡ
ϾʮϵޣûʸμӴѡεģԴһҲֻһλᡣ
֮磬ǿһãʱջīšԦǣ϶ҲͱԺĶ飬һμӡ
ֻϧʱܺϡ
š
ȷԼȫ֮ǰ뱩¶ԼݣرѾʧԲñ˻ɵԼϡ
Ҷ֣˴μɳǣμӴѡΣұ߳֡
Ҷ˵
˵ǵøȡŲųɣҪȻݿǲزסġ
ҶЦ˵
šͽɽɡ
˵δôںŵ⡣
ɽ
Ҷ֣Щ֣ȴûжʲô
ŶѣҪ˼
Źߣȫźۣ˵ɽһ㣬ȫ֮ϢէһɭȻĸо

ɳǣΪ֮ߴ֮һڵڶʮ֮ϣͱԺҪ߲ࡣ
ԣѰ뿪ɳ쳽ȥʹ½Ϊѣܴﵽ˻磬ܹƿڶʮ
ȻҶֳ⣬Ϊɳǵ뿪ĻȻԸæġ
һ·ϣҶָϸһ»ɳǣԼεɳǳ
ɳǣʥԺǸȽ˵𲻹ʱ䣬Ӣ˲츳ǿ쾧򡪡ɳ
һȺĸ£˻ɳǣѸ֮𣬳Ϊ˲ɺӵǿ
ɳΪߴ֮һΪɳǵĳ˴ѡΣֱӳʹ½󲻾ãعʹ½ɳǴԴ
ֱʱɳǲӵԴ㹻Ŀԣܹܶǿߡ
δڻɳǾܿ뿪ˡ
뿪֮ĻɳǣѾСΪɳǵĵڶһپĳǿߣֻһ̤ͨؾ
پǿ򣬻ɳǲ֮վȽŸ뿪֮ҲûлҲûʲôܹӰ쵽ɳǵĵλ
ڶ̤پʱѸߣҲû㹻츳ͻˣ쵼˻ɳʮֹ֮ȥ
ʱ򣬻ɳѾӵپǿߡ
һˣ츳Ҳͻƿߵ˾ͷ˽˵ˣΪĿ꣬һֱչǻɳǵ̫ϳϡ
ҶģڵĵɳԪ졣
֮ҶֱΪɳǵΪɳԪҶΪ״ӣν״ӣǽпܼλɳǵĳ֮λţ
״ӣܹˣΪ˳֮λǾ֮侺൱ҡ
ҶЦһ˵˻ɳǣ»һЩ˵ѣмǲҪǾͿˣҲֻ˵˵ԲĶ֡
ΪΣ
Щʡ
Ϊпܼ̳лɳǳ֮λġ
ҶֶԴ൱ţ˵
Ŷ
Դ˵Щˣû뵽Ҷ־ȻԼôġ
ҪΪɳǵĳиȾǱǵȵһ죬ٻʮŻᵽ
ҶҡҡͷڵѾɳʦ״Упܳɾ쾧һ
ɾ쾧ֱͨѡˣ
Щ졣
ʦһֱңϣΪɳ룬ܹͨѡΣʮ֮һҪλɳǵĵĴ
ҶЩΡ
ʦҲ̫ǿЩ
һЦ
˭ܹͨѡΣǲٻصʹ½ģʹ½ûгԽپΪǿߣͿóˡ
Ҷֵʦ𣬾γ֮λʵЩ˵ȥ
ʱͻȻ뵽ջīǸܵܡ
ܵܣΪռҶ֮·Բɱ˸ףȻμʥѡ̤ʥԺ֮У
ҶֶԷ糤̬Ҷֵûʲôܻɱ˵׷Լ֮·
˽Ҷ֣ջᵼʲôĽ
֪
£ҶԼ֪
ˣȥôˣԺ飬Ժ˵οʣ¶̶ʱ䣬Ҫɾͻɳ򣬼ûʲô̫ϣ
Ҷҡҡͷ漴һЦҪǲܳɾ쾧ƾڵʵҪͨѡΣ΢΢
쾧򣬺𣿡
һ䡣
ǻɳǣÿһ״ӣܹõɳķ
Ҷ˵ɳ쾧⾳ѣȻҪȥϡشơҪɾͷһһʮ
ԣһ˼
ҲӵвѪķµ⾳
ô˵Ҫͨѡμǲʵģȥʣʱ䣬ζܳɾͲѪķ
ˣͷȻֱѡηֲֳԣҵԿжѶȡӵоӡң޷ֲͨԵĻδ̫ˡ
ţû̫⡣
̧ͷҶһ𣬲ϴӵһʼͻơ
Ҷûд뿴ͻƵڼ
˳ΪǿʮҲˡ
ҶһȣǰͷȤĿһۡ


395 ɳ
ʣʵһҶִһ
Ȼͣ͵ĸһ𣬽ͻ˶ʮĲҶ־ϲޱȡ
ԽǿԽкô
ΪѣҶҲǺʵеĸǿ
ɳǣλڵڶʮ֮ϡ֮ǰֻͻƵڶʮĲҲ֪ڵܷͻƵڶʮ
ţδҶһ̧⣬ЯһȻ
ڶʮӦƣնϣû˿谭

ҶֹЦɽͷһμ˳ޣܹͻƶʮ
ҶѾƺˣԴơ
Ȼڶʮ֮ϣǻɳǵĵˣʱпܼɳǵޡ
Щ˳ĻɳӵܣȻͻȴ֮նУ˵ǴС硣
ԭҶǲôں¶ݵģɳǺʥԺǵжԹϵ
Ȼ빫Ǳôţ˵Ҳһġ
ҲֻԿû뵽ˡ
ЦЦ˵
Χɨһۣ߲͵Ͳûʲô𣬶ϼƣϼ⣬ϼ⣬ɣƬռ롣
ԶĿУһ·һĻɳЩ棬ָһ䣺ʲô
ǻɳ
Ҷ˵ڶʮռ䣬ǧ໥һ룬ܹ̽⵽һΧڵһɳеķӶ֪пˡ
ܶʱӦòǿˣǵ˰ɡ
۾
ҪǷõġ
Ҷֵ˵ͷ
ƱģܹܿЩ̽⣿
ʵ
ģ
ҶЩ죺㵹Ƕò١ڷֻҪٷ֮һЩͲˡ
ԭˡ
˵ͷʾףҲ
һҪ·ĻֻҪ߶ľܱܿЩɳˣ˵Щɳͬ衣
ȻûʲôĻҲûҪܣȫֻԤһˡ
ǵһٶʮһŻɳǰУһܼɳˡ
Ҷһ˵ţһǰͷ·ռٶС
󣬼ΣٶȴҲû˿ơ
Ҷ־ȵķ֣ٶȷУܹչһӶ
ҶЩơ
Ѳɣ˳ļһۺʵȻ˽پˣҲ̫Щ
ܿ죬նУһٶɳ漴һɳγɵĸճǳأǰ
ڼ䣬δ߶һ˿һģñƳߡ
һɳǵʱ򣬼ǼˣҲֹסЩˣɳǣʥԺҪö࣡
ɳǣϽӵڶʮ´ڶʮͨʯռռ䡣
ôȰɣ
ҶҲЩ˵ɳǣʵ㡣²ڵڶʮϲڵڶʮռ䣬Ψǿߣǰϲ㣬һֻܴ²㡣
ϲ㣬²㣡
̲סпɳǵĳȻɳŵ˵زͨ˾̾
ɽڶʮܷͻƣ
Ҷʵ
֪ǲҪ̫ע⣬ʱס²ɡ
ҡҡͷ˵
Ǻãȥ㰲һ¡
Ҷ˵꣬Ȼһ䣺СһЩɳ֮УǾ״ӵᣬҲֳ˵鷳
Ҷ˵ֲһ䣺Ȼʵ²˻κβ㣬ϲ˳֣ҲԹۡ
š
ʾף˵ͷ
˳ž޴Ļɳնȥܿ췢֣޴ǳſڴŲްأһؾ˳ǿߡ
ҶֵʱЩһ漴ЩĿһȴδѯʲô
Ϊɳǵ֮һЩȻҶֵ·
ҶˣͬҶʡ
ЩڳڵԲܾ״ΣǶǲκһġ
֪֮ɳǶô޴
ӳſڽ֮ȼһĽֵֻȴûգֻлɳһ컨壬涼ǻɳɵġ
ǻɳǵʮ㣬ɳǹһ˲㣬ÿһ㶼ĳнֵҪǰĻȥÿһˡ
ҶֵĻ£һۼǳصλãȻһᴩ¡
ǵܹ˳ǰеһ˲ˡ
ȻͷʮĲ㣬ֻƾԼʵͻƵڶʮǿߣʸ̤롣
ɳ˺ܶ࣬ͺʹ½ϱʳǡֻһǳذˣһš
귢չɳ˸ָޣⷱܺӶɳ𲽷չ׳
ΪˣɳǲҪʥԺٰʥѡʹ½յӡ
ɳԭסв츳Իɳǵʵ൱ס
ɽʵʱպãܿһһȵɳǴˣʤǿԵõٽţЩĶġ
Ҷڽֵϴ·Ц˵
һ·ͣ˺Ҷִкɼڻɳǻ൱зġ
ŶЩʲô
δѯɳǴʲô޷Ǿǻɳǵıᣬӵʲôġ
ĵģֻнԼԼǷвμɳǴȵʸ
٣ҪģǰԵõµ켶ҩ
ҶЦЦණ켶ҩֻһ֣ܹǧöÿٰɳǴȶҪͳöҲѾõòˡ
켶ҩ
һȤˡ
û㹻ͻƾƿȻɳǴ켶ҩûκɴ
ɳǴȣܲμӣ
һ䡣
ɳǣעУҲܻӭޣɽȻɳǣɳǵˣʲô£ɳΪ㵣ţɳǴȣȻܹμӵġ
Ҷֻش
Ǿͺãʲôʱʼ
ʡ
֮󡭡
Ҷһ߻شһ۾Ϊǰ˳Լ
˳Ŀ⣬һȺޣһŻɳ۵Ļ󣬶꣬Ҷֵʱ¶ٵЦݡ
ԭҶʦܣλҶʦܸմӴ½ţ
ǻɨһΣҿ˵ƽ³Űԣܵȥˣڣʹôһ
ʦ״֮һʦ֣ӹ⡣
ҶȻһ£漴̧ͷɨ˶ԷȺһۣУǰԻȲɽֵһָͷ

ӹ⣬ʱЦȺҲȫЦ
һһ˳ޣļһܺǴеţȣ
Ҫ֪Կʮ̤ؾľţţɳǽЩ궼ûгֹ


396 
ʮؾʹ½Ǽټģԣȷѵһš
ΨҶֵУŻӸ߿һЩ
ǿʵǿǱԼŵĳܣǸܣ
پǿ߶ġ
ӹȺ޺Ц֪ǰӹԺҶֿۣ򵥵˵Ҷֵľ֡
ӹ𣿿Ѿʮˣȴֻ˻ΪȻҲҿȡЦҶ
һǻӹ⣬һЦһ䡣
Ҫ֪ҶҲǶʮ꣬ȴѾ̤˽پ츳Ȼӹǿ̫ࡣ
˵ӹһ˳ĺ޶ʱָ̤ŭʲôҲ˶˵ֵվӴ𶼲ʶ
ѵ˵Ĳʵ
ЦһϵĹޱɭȻսˣҾȺ档
棿
ǺЦһһ;ЦȻҪǾ͵÷ֳʤҪôһ䣬Ҫôһث֣ɳǣ
ããã
һЦ˵á֣ľˣҪô䣬Ҫô
£վ˳ֱޡ
ҶֲδֹųжŵˣϸֳʤȯյЦݡ
ʵǳͬΪ˳ĺޣԲĶ֡
Էֱ
ȻҶҲףոӹ⣬Ϊǰһӹ⣬⻹иĿģҪڻɳ쳽վȽŸ
ͨӹȻǺкôģʱ򲻻ô಻۵š
Сӣ˳ΪԷֱǲ֪
ҪϺȣӱضҲҪȥѵѵװŪļһ
һѵΪԼ˸ߣŵˣ̫Цˣ
ӹޣųв䳰ȷûһ˿ϾǺϺڣ֮ǿһˡ
Ȼδ̤˻ȴѾܺ˻ǿ߶ƴһʱ䣬ǳء
Ѱ˳ޣƿϺڵķ
Ҷʦܡ
ӹ⿴һ󷽵ǺҶ֣ЦЦҲϣ츳ǿҪһɲƾ츳ܹġôˣô£ôѡ˲ţǼ򵥵ġ
һ˵ţһָָһ˵ΪһȻŰԣðԱߣ˲ڣ£ʵ̫ʦʧˡ
Ҷԣ΢΢üͷ
飬ѵʦ
ˣҶҲڣΪԿ϶һ֤ԼʵףͬʱҲ֤Ҷ۹ⲻס
Ҷֿһδ˵ʲôΪ֪ȲҪĹҲҪʲô
ӹ⿴£ʵҶ֪ȫƽȹϵ
Сӣʹӿʲôʸ
˵
̫򡣡
һֱӽ̫ͷųź˹ȥ
챮򣬹Ȼӣֲôţֻϧӣ㵹ù
޲мЦ漴һǽǰ˲ɢȥһֵ̫סˡ
򣡡
޵һ챮򣬲ȴǷ͵챮Ҫƾ챮ƽķֱǳ룡
𣿡
ÿɷһֱ̧֣̫֮ͷ˳̫˲ǿͬһӿ˹ȥ
飬ҲУ
޲мһЦһڴֳֻתһȦһֲѹɢ̫ס
˫ͬ磬ͬ˵ķһͷų飬ƴĻ޻ȷռơ
Ϊǽķ൱ǿᣬƾ챮򣬸޷乥ơ
ڵȻʩչģϾһʥԺľһƱĴС
һʩչǻᱻΪǼϸ
ȻֶοǶأ㲻⣬Ҳǰޡ
֮
΢ֱ̣ͷų֮飬齻棬˲佫̫һһࡣ
һĻúɫ΢䡣
˫飡
ͬʱ֣Ȼֳֻ̫ͨĻʯ򣬵ȴܹ̫һ࣡
ӹ⼰ˣȫЩ죬벻еʵ
˵ĻȻͻϺڵĽ
Ϻڵķڹһκͬļһ
˽ɲΪκʤ㡣
˫鸡֣̫ǿһ࣬Ȼ޷ͻƶԷĽ

̲סһͷһμͬޣֵ³סôõġ
Ȼһַ޷ȡʤǾ֡
ֻУǾ֣
һ̣ȫ˸⣬׷˲뵽˿Уźڵķ򴫵ȥ
ط򣿡
ΧڳΧ֮˷׷׾˶û뵽߽ɽˣȻַ
ǰ֣ʯ͵໥Ҳˡ
ͬǵķȻһųɼС׵ˣ
似ģų޷־ԣǰһ׵壬жôǿӲ
׷֣ɫҲǱһ䡣
ԭ˫ֱ֣ʩչһЩ似򵹵ģȫû뵽Ȼʩչַ
ףƣ
׷˲ͨȻ˺Դϡ
򣬸ҵס
ȫƱһʯΧγ˷Ȧڽ׷⡣
Ȼţ޵Ľĸһջأһɱ⣬̫֮۳ƿϮ˹ȥ
ۣۣۣ
ɱ֮ñǿ࣬һӱ㴩͸ǲ㱻׷˵Ľں˺üѪ
һѪ˺˺ü󲽣̧ͷ
޶ƴԽԷֶΣûѰҶֵһٽֻܡ
ڣߵļһûκѭֵ챮򣬽ϣĽ
ʲô
µĿ⣬͸һĨϷʣո˵һ;ЦȻսҪôҪô䣬ڣѡһ֣𣿡
仰˫ٴθֳ貹âʮɱڶƴ
ЩɱǳǺǾԵֵסˡ


397 һʮ
ǺԼ˵Ļߵֻ·
Ҫô䣬ɳǣҪô׼ӭɱ⣬Լֵܲܽ
亹˫飬Լֳɱ⣬ü졣
ʱͻȻһǿҵ׹Ϯͷ
ʶôļһɣ
ӹһ˳Ϲ֮ɫһԾ˫֮׹⣬·Ҫ׹֮С
һ򲻹ȺŹ𣿡
΢̣˿û˷һ̧֣׷Ȼϯȥ
׹׹ĶײȻʤһΪ׷ǵ챮򣬶Է׹ȴֻ񼶷
˫׹ײһ𣬺Ȼը͵ϮֱӱɿȥȴȫûܵκӰ졣
Ȼһ͵Ϯȴע΢תƣǺҵ˷Ļᡣ

һиֳһĨЦ챮
ֻоɳƺЩ仯ҲĶ˶ţ̫򱬷˲ڽɳײ˶ԷĽ
̫ͽײһ𣬱ʱһ죬˲һըĴӣɳĴ
ϣ
ӹⱳ˳ޣһҧֱ˳ʩչ似
ɳ֮ȭ
һȭͷŨɳЯͻ֮Ϯ
һǻɳǵƷ似ƻǿ
Ҷһ䣬ȴû˿š
ʽܹӦԵġ
Ʒ似
ԣ΢̣ĳЩʩչ񽣡
񽣣һƷ似ڵʱûκεˡ
ֻأƣ
һȭֻ֮δʩչ似ٴʾױȵܣԷ˵ȭͷ֡
ԭƷ似ֻصӰ£һӾͱ˻Ʒ似ĳ̶ȡ
ԻȪ
һȭȪ֮·һ֮ɱӵɳ֮кȻ𣬽ǳ֮˳ߡ
ڼ䣬Ųûƶһ£㽫ֱӺˣʹ˶֮ʴˡ
㹻õĵҩƵĻ˾Իȥ
ţ
һһޣæ˺Ϊ
ϵĹߣеͷƤ飡
СӣӵжֶΣ
챮Ѿ㹻𾪵ˣʩչ似ʲôֶΣȻǿᣬȭսһ˺ɣˣ
ǼȻˣһϰɡ
µ˫иֳ֮ɫǻӹ⣺ҲһϣҲġ
仰Ƕӹ衣
ӹɫΪɨһΧɳǵͨ·ϣѾһȺǧڸΧۣݶ϶վˡ
ҪܽҶ»ܣǻ˵
ڣ³ĸȻҶһ»ˣϾͷǳȥˡ
ȥҪٳ֣һӶʣˣ
ߡ
ӹһ˵⻰ת뿪
ȵȣ߰
ȴȻŹᣬԷ裬з֮
ӹ⣬㲻˵Ҷû۹ΣҶǲǺ۹⣿
һȻӹǰһ䡣
⻰ӹһǱ˶һرΧɳ˵ָָ㣬ϻۡ
Ҷ־µ𣿶Դӹɳ̬ȣ
ӹֻܺƤʼѵ
ֻϧһס
ӹ⣬Ҽǵǵİɣôڴ򲻹ˣ޹⣬Ҫ·ûôף
̤ǰһŹµ˫͸žâոǻûֳʤأºٴһһ϶Уλ̨˵Ҫô䣬Ҫôڼû䣬Ҳû˶սӦ
ҵġ
ӹ϶ʱ͸һɺݶ֮ɫһϣһˣ
ܲˣԭҪ»ôҶֵȴû뵽ʵ˿ֲӶ¡
ڣһﻹģҪסӹȥ·
ҪӹⲻһԺڻɳ㣿
ӹܹ˳ޣԶһۣԵ˵ͷͬʼޣһվӹǰ
һˣ˵޷˵ϣվߵ˶У
ǾԲɺӣһ˻ǿǰԵֵסǵĹ
ϣ
޳ȣ漴۽ӵ³ӿȥ
ȻһˣȪ֮
ǰһ⣡
ȻҪҪһ㣬һԴӹⲻܷ·ֻҪץסʹ;Բ֡
Ŀ֮һʮӹЩˣôӹ⻹ƾʲôҶ־һ֮λ
һ룬Ҳʲôè鷳ȥˡ
Ȫ֮ȻɢǾ˳ȫڡ
һ̣Ǿ˷׷׸оԼܵ˼Ϊǿҵѹƣܹӳƽʱ߳ɣ
ʱ۵Ľ±˿ûȥӲƴֱն𣬷ɵ˰֮С
ֻأԻȪ
һʩչУڻȪ֮£ھ֮Χ£еȷŸǿࡣ
˳֮£Ǿ˳ޣֵܵסȭΨгΧɢȱܿȭ
Ψк޲аԭɫһ򣬸ӵס
ԼĽ򣬷δüϣӭȭкȻľ֮
ұըȻը졣
֮ƿ˲ЩϣһȦΧɢȥһ磬˺ͷӹͷ
УѾ̱ڵأ֮ʴһԵøˣȻǻˡ
ӹ״ɫһ
ϺڣֵһƣϺ֮ʵ̫Щ
µӹѾԹˡ
ɽǰɣܺãܺãȻɱ¡
ӹվ˳һ̧֣һɳȻȻǻɳشƣ
ɳ쾧򣬱Ⱥ޵Ľǿöࡣ
ʱһ֣ʱԵľ֮ȫɢȪ߽֮⣡
̲סˡ
һӹ⣬΢΢һ̡
˻ޣûжԸ쾧ķޣû
ӹԶ֣˵ǸĶԼĻᣡ


398 Ǳ
ӹһվǰ˳޸ȥ
Ƕɨһ۳кޣϺڵʬ壬һĵֱ£ϺڶˣҪǱĹУȻֻ·һ
Ǹɴ಻ˣȻӹҪԶ֣һ߿Ϸˡ
СӵеʵֻϧǵԶ֡
һ̫Щõѵһ٣֪Ϊ𱰣
վһԣųдŹߵָָ㡣
Ҷ־վţδ˵һµУȫһƬ򶨡
Ѳɣ˻ǿ߶ܶԸ
ҶֶӺ
治֪Ȼ˵Ͼδ˻޶ԿȻҲͲ֪ʵﵽʲô̶ȡ
ҶȻûվΣյĻ϶Թۡ
򵥵˵ҶֺʵѾڲ֮أӹôװ׶ӣôԸ⡣
ôӹⶼһһ㳡
ȻⳡҵģҪһسӡ
ɹļŭҡ
ӹһǰԽԽиֳһĨЦ
һУѵҵ𣿡
һ䣬ȻûӹƵġ
ӹкݶ֮ɫһ
֪Ҷڣ첻ɱɽУȴһҪɽһɫƣ˲У
һУҶַӦܹɡ
ǸҷҶ֡
ӹɨʣµİ˸˳һۣе˼˶ɵĿˡ
ֻҪҶֳ֣ǱضƴֵҶ֣ӹնɱɽĻᣬ㲻ɱҲҪˣ
ӹڻɳǿɾ̧ͷˡ
ţӹ̧ͷ˫ۻɳشȻϮ
ԭΧɢһȪ֮ʱ˿̣һɳĴȪ֮Ȼһ·ƻۿһɳҪϡ
ֻأ
оâһ֮Ȼ
һֻ֮ŶԷϮĻɳһӽ˺üɵûȪ֮ɳ赲סˡ
ɳƣ
ӹƺҲԤ뵽ˣƾɳûô׻ֶΣȴȻֹô򵥡
һЩϮȥĻɳ˲仯ΪһŻɳϮڽӽͷʱ򣬺Ȼ˿
̫ͬɱ⣬ӹɳƣҲǶԻɳһãԷӳɳǿ
Ȫϱڣ
״һ̧üȪϱڡ
˾ķԼǿģۻȪϱڣۺüȻǰǿ̫ˡ
һ̣ɳƵȻǼȪϱϡ
Ѱ˳ޣӹĻɳƣԲֵסֵĻǲˡ
һˡ
ӹ׹˸·ĻɳƺЩϣ·𿴵ĻɳƬ
Ȼʵźܴࡣ
ķƬµǿ򣬸ӹĻɳ򣬻δ򳹵ףֻﵽشƵĳ̶ȡ
ǰһ
ţЩɳƿڻ˺üȪϱ֮󣬱һȪϱڵֵסˡ
һƬɳǰ￪ڻɳ֮УһµиֳһĨϷʡ
νĻɳӹ⣬ֻô𣿡
Գƺ֮ǰ㻹Ҽ̣֮ˣôڣΣ
ӹۿĹס˶ڵ
СӣʵЩ찡
֪Ҫ˵ʲôǿɾͻҹˡ
кâһȭͷֱӳӹ˹ȥ֮˲䱬ɢȭͷγһСβһںͷ
У
һȭž֮Ȼӹţ
ӹ˲䷴Ӧ
ɳ
ɳķӹм仯Ѹ˺üɳƣҪ赲Ĺ
Ȼ֮ȴͬȺĶǣ̼佫ɳƺ俪һɢΧ˾ޱɭ졣

ӹɫ䣬ԭĵֵסĽȴ֣ƴĶ֣βԾ
ȻҲ˲ϳԾٶȳշɶݣҪ㿪һȭ
Ȼ촫һȭ˵ϣ֮ɢ
ܵõͦ졣
΢̣ӹ˵Զգ亹ӣδ׷
һѾ㹻ˡ
ҪɱӹĻ²ҶҲŲ鷳
ʣ
ʱҶҲ֪ԼվԲˣȻ˳ҪıǴһӹ⡣
һĻӹֱɨأ
ԭҶֺӹĹϵһֱôãҶӹ⣬ӹȴ뷽跨ҪԸҶ֡
Ҷִɳǣ㱻ӹץס˻ᣬҪҶһڻɳе
ֻϧӹȴ֪ȻǿᣬһʮӹЩ˳ӣǽ˻ӹˣ
ҶдΪˬ졣
ʣʣɽֵʵȻܻ˱Լһؾǿߣ
Ҷ߽˳Уֹ˼սȥ
ⷬѾ㹻֤ҶʤߣɽţҲһӴ
˳ΪҶӵݣֱӻ˻ɳǾ֮һӹ⣬⻹ɳ
ߡ
ӹ֪ԼлˣѾɨأݺݵҶһۣǱˡ
ȻǲδǴ˵ޣԼĺޣЩɶǽ֤ôۣܽ
ӹǱӣЦһصҶԡ
Ҷ֣Σ
ʵ
ӹ˵ûʲôʵȴһֱܷˡ
Ҷ۾ͷʦľӣǲֱӳͻģһֱܰôЩжǽѵһҳ˿ڶ
ɽɵ֪ӹⱳվ˵ġ
Ҷֽѵӹ⣬Գ֮λûʲôģΪʣܳΪһվģȴҶʦ֣ԣ
ԣΪΣ
üͷһֱʵ

ҶҡҡͷͻĻǶĶ֣ԶԻɳ츳ôʮˣȴҲֻ򵽻ɳϣ㣬ҲˣҪΪһǳѡ
֪ǣԻ᲻ɳǴУ
۾ңʮ꣬Ҳ˵ҲμεĴѡΣ԰ɣ
ҶԣЦŵ˵ͷɳǴȣμӡѡΣһμӣԣԿǵһ֣


399 ս
ɫһ䣬Ҷְ˰֣˵ҲõġɳǴȻ쾳ǿ߲μӣȴǷֳġ
𣿡
Щɻ
ȣҪμɳǴȣٵôﵽؾȻ˳˻˽پޣֱ벻ͬıԡ
Ҷ˵ջʤߣԵõһö켶ҩ쾳֮ϣǱһЩˣ޹صġ
ԭˡ
˿ǱȽϺõģȻҪǺ쾳ǿ߶ԿĻʵ˿ʤܣȫֶȫʹ
ȻڻɳʹȫֶεĻѰ·Ϊ
е棬ɳǴȵ쾳飬ջʤ߿Եõʲô
һ䡣
ؼս
Ҷ˵ս͵ҩͬؼҩǻɳԼʦܹƳսȴСͬսȵҩѶҪֻ࣬ƳսˣμɳǴȵ쾳飬ʤǿ߿Եõĵؼս
ԭǵؼս
ţһСؽӡ켶ս
ɴȻԸ켶սһ磬Ҳ˵磬켶սҲ㲻ʲô
˵ɳǵĳôؼսҲˡ
ؼսͺʹ½ϵķսһձ飬Ҳ˵һ¡
ⷽ棬ûж룬ûܲμ쾳ǿ߶
ˣҶ֣ǲμɳǴȣɷμĴȣ˳˻
һ䡣
ɣֻܱһ飬˵ÿֻڲԼʵķ鱨Ȼǰ˻ڸԼʵķ鱨ġ
ҶҡҡͷɽҪǶԼĵĻǿԱμ˻ĴȣϾ˻ս켶Ʒҩ˳켶ƷҩЧҪһЩ
ڻɳ֮ڣҶֵڶ棬ȻֻԴųƺˣⲢӰ֮Ľ
ȻˣͷҶָұμ˻ĴȰɡ
˵
ģ
Ҷ΢Цǻɳǵ˻ǿߣбӹǿöģܻõһ׵Ļ˳Щɵõһ켶Ʒҩ
ãұ˻Уġ
Ҷֵ˵ͷ˵
Ҷԣֻͬ⣺Ҳãұȥμ˻ĴˡڰºУú׼ɣ͵Ǵѡ֮ǰˡ
ͷҶˡ
ͷл
ɡ
Ҷְڰ֣ǵ漴ӹնϣֱǰӽڶʮĶ㡣
ɳǣΪƬ
Ϊ˱鷳һʼ;Ҷֱ㽫Ķ㣬ҲɳǵĵʮĲ㡣
ĵضΣֻмͻƵ˻ǿߣʸס
Ҷͨϵ׼һסȻ

Ҷ׼ס򣬱սɳǴȵʱ򣬱ӹȴǵײײܵ˻ɳǵ򣬵ڰʮУҵɽʦԡ
ԣǵɳǳյĵڶͽܣ˱Ϊʦ֡ձǱҶҪ໰Ȩġ
ĵ״ӣӹ⣬ԸԵĻΪµһӡ
˵ʲôҶִһߵļһ˳ΪȻ㶼ˣ
ӹ˵Ļһվ
ǸļΪ׳˶ӣһ˫۾СЩʵȴǼǿѾͻƵΪ
˫С۾һľâʲô֣
Ҷֽɽ
ӹһ˵
ɽ
۾һָֻôŹصĺľ壺ԲֻһšҶ־Ȼ˽Դݵļһǻɳǣһ˶ɳͼı죬ǸǺã
ʦ˵
ӹԣǰһƺҵʲôͻƿڡ
ʱʦʦ𶨶ᡣ
˵Ӳ˳ܽˣɼѰǶɳͼıǱΪǿ
ʦӢ
ӹʱ¶Ƕʦܵ
ǼһݲҶ־ͽɳǣĳʲô£Ҷֵ
Ҫʦ֪£㲻һӰ⵹Ҷ֣ҲܸҶصһӣ
㻹ȥʦ𣿡
Կӹһۣ˵
ȥʦ֡
ӹٺһЦת뿪Եĸۡͨŵھʮ˲ȥ
ɳ֮Уܹһ˲ش
˲㣬ǽأ˳̫ϳ֮⣬˻ǰг̫ϳϵС
ھʮŲ͵һٲ㣬̫ϳϵľסأƽﲻκǰš
̫ϳϵģǵھʮ˲ĳˣҲӹ˵ʦƽڵھʮ˲
ӵھʮ˲£αڶɳǿߵס
ʵԽǿԽԺգסĲԽߣӳڵĵھʮ˲£ͲжһռһˣǶԳݵأҲǳȨ

ӹ˳ھʮ˲ڣȴû뵽ҶѾˡ
ʦɽǻɳǣɴɳǲμӴѡΡ
Ҷվڳ֮⣬˵˵˴ʲôпܱ֮ѡеĻһ
֮Уһϵ˳ܹЩ֮ѡ񲻴ţ½Ŵγ֣ܷɾͶԣԵԣѳɴϾţò
лʦ͡
Ҷֹ˵⣬Ҫμ˻ɳǴȣʦܷ׼
Ǽһ˳μ˻Ĵȣ
Щ棺⵹ǲŵʮ飬ΪʦǼˣ˵߶ˣҪ˻ϯ֮λûôס
ҸҲô˵ģǼˡ
ҶЩΡ
Ǳȥɡ
дһĨЦ⣺ΪʦͦСӵģ⣬ȥ˳Ϊô˻ϯ֮λΪʦһؼսڴѡܷӵøһЩ
лʦ𡣡
Ҷϸֳϲɫ
ʦЩȻϿʵȻҲϿҶֵ۹⣬һҪ㹻֧֣
һڴѡбѡУɳǴĺôʵ̫ˣ
Ҷֺܿת뿪ˡ
ţӹ뿪֮ھʮ˲ĳ
ʦ𡣡
ӹҶһ֮վڴڴĺһ
ߣոյ飬Ϊʦ֪ˡ
ϵӴ֮ڴ
ʦ֪ˣ
ӹ¶ϲҶʦܴǸɽˣǺⰡɳͼıĻ
£ΪʦţߣиϽȥץʱ䣿
ϵУԴһ˿ŭ⣺ΪΪʦĵӣƽýڵһλ
⻰ӹһˡ
Ȼʦǳ


400 ׳
Ȼ֪ӹȥҵһӻҵ顣
Ҷָ׼һͥԺܹԼ
ɳǴȻаʱ䣬оֻһеƺЩͻƣʱڱͻƵԲˡ
ֻ۷徳ʱ򣬱һȭ⻯δĳԿԼδ似֮
ʱ˿̣վںԺϸ۲ǰδУԼһһ
ȴе˺һŹߣֻּ֮Լϣγһֻϱڡ
ԲֻأȻҲһϡ
Դ˵ͦġ
˵ȪϱڵķѾǳǿˣ˵ǲϾԻȪֻǷƷ似
ֻأ鼶Ʒ似򵽸ΣǿľķЧԲѰĵؼ似
ڻɳǣһǲãֻصֻϱڣҲĹĻ޼ˡ
֮ǿᣬΪܹط߶似߱ġ
ֻأֻԾķ򣬻ĵ߶鼶Ʒ似ؼ似Ტۣɼֲ
ֻϱڣҲ֪ʲôãҶֹдд裿
ţ漴ҡҡͷ
ҶӦҲæɳķдĻ̫˷ѱ˵ʱˡ
ȻҶ֣ɳУǿڶ࣬һд軹ף
ţ
ô˵Ƚֻϱһ򵽣ҹһ²У˵Ѿʩչˣվǲ

߳ͥԺ
ֻϱһȫϤһ£ֱӳ߶뿴ûʲô۵ļһԵġ
ڻɳǵʮĲĽֵϣƺ֪ҶִǿߣҾ˳ľ磬˻ӹԿʵǿ
ϢѾɳǡ
·ϣ˶΢ЦʾãȻûһ鷳ġ
ΪƣѲҪһԼȥд裿
ôʱ򣬺ȻǰһϤӰ
ɹСӣɶ࿭
ǰһ
ǰֵԶһ׵׳˶꣬ͷϽڣҰᣬǹɹСɶ࿭˭
û뵽ʥѡһɶ࿭ȻҲ̤ؾ˳һ˻ɳǣ
ʱɶ࿭һ̳ǹһЩҩ׼ȥá
׼ɳǴȣɶ࿭ȻҲ׼
ι
ǰȥֱӳסɶ࿭漴дд裬Σ
ߣҲ仯ɶ࿭Ȼϲ
һģɫһ䣺Ҷĸֻ֣ǸСɫ϶ǸµĶ֣д˰ɡ
֮ˣսǰ
ɣֱңҲ֣ܲͻҵķ
⻰˵Χ˵ע
ߵɽȻֱӴ֣
Է似ǿȰɣ
ʵ

˵ͷɶ࿭ˣҲ
ɹСӴµˣֻ֮ǰ˵ɽɳǴٽԲŲд衣
ڣɽȻ˵ҪվǸҪǲܵĻ̫ˣ
кβҡ
ɶ࿭˵ͷ漴վǰϸ
ΧȺҲԶԶΧ뿴⴫лӹɽжǿ
ɶ࿭׼ֱ֮һȭͷ˹ȭһ貽âͷ
շ򣬽͸
һУʥѡʱͼʶˣڣɶ࿭һеȻȵʱǿĶࡣ
Ͼʱ˿̣ɶ࿭Ѿ̤ؾ
˵ֻ˳ΪҲȵҪǿü
Ȫϱڣ
üͷһ壬ɶ࿭˳ΪȻ챮򣬵һȭ̺ʩչֻϱڡ
ֻϱڵķǱȻȪϱڶҪ߳üεġ
ڣȪϱڶֵܹסĹαʩչֻϱڣ
͸۽âһٺڵĻȪϱϣʱڻȪϱҳһȦɢȴûܽơ

ɶ࿭Ц빧ά䣬ʱԱΧȺУͻȻһ˱һ
͵Ϯ
Χ۵̾ͷӦ˹͵Ϯ֮һȥȴһͭ׳гһѴսԾһ챮򣬳ն¡
۳׳Ȼһ˻ǿߣ
ʱΧһƬϳ׳ɳ£Ȼӹ߲԰æˡ
ڻɳ˻У۳׳ʵǰ֮С
ʱһԣȻ͵ϮǺųɽп϶ǵֵס˰ɣ
ɶ࿭͸Ǵ۳׳͵Ϯһ˲顣
ˣȫûϵȴ׼Ϊսסɶ࿭Ͳһɱ
ʱǴ۳׳͵Ϯȴ΢̣һ̧֣һȭֻ֮Χһֻϱڣ
۳׳񱩶â죬˲նһֻϱ֮ϡ
ΪҪնɱʱһֻϱȴȻϮ쵶âȫ˽ȥ
ڴ۳׳ɫУʩչеâȻֻϱյӰ٣
Ȼ
ͷЩ𾪣ֻܹܵϱڽԷâȫմֻҪһܽЩ׷ȥ
ˮĻЩƣȴҪǿöˡ鼶Ʒ似
ϲȴûбֳֻǵĿǴ۳׳ȻһֻϱںȻ飬һ쵶âɾ˳ȥϮ۳׳
۳׳һеʩչϣڵϢ֮УôҲû뵽ǰɽ֮ˣܹĵâԭⲻͻһæңն𣬳źͷԾȥ
ˣмâϻ˼ӣһѪֱȾҰ

۳׳һиŭˣʱд󵶻ȻǷŭҪ
ס֣
ʱһԶֻ˲䣬һ۵Ͽա
Ҷ֣
Χ˶ʱһҶȻˡ
ǻɳǣʲôʱ˾ڶŹĳˣܣʮɳǴȹǴģ
Ҷ·˵ţ漴ֱǴ۳׳ȥԣɽֵܱμ˻Ĵȣ͵ľڴϹıԣҪ͵͵£ʱڣɽֵʲộұزԺù
һ˵Χ˶ʱˡ
ɽ˳ΪȻ˴ȵ˻飿
˵ոյֵ˴۳׳͵ϮҪǴ۳׳Ļ»ܻɽɣ
ϢѸٳΧ˿ȥ


401 żֵ
Ҷֹ֮Ǵ۳׳һתߡ
֪ȻһûЧҶָϹˣô϶һλɽ֣Ҫ֪Ҷֿ˽پǿߡ
һҳɿˣµˡ
ҶֿǴ۳׳ת뿪վԣһ¡
š
˵ͷ
ŷҳɿ˶Լ쵶⣬һԼɵֻϱڵǿȣԼʵ˸
Կ϶ͬ˳ޣԲĶ֡
˻ǿߣǰֻаķݣոǴ۳׳ҳɿˣĻоܽܡ
һڻɳ˻ǿеɳǴϣҪСЩ
Ҷѹѵ
ӹڵڼ
תʵ
СӣղϽ޷̤ǰʮ֮С
ҶЩм
ȷ츳ȴŬˣҶָûҪʲôɫӹ⣬ʼնǱӵ̬ȡ
Ǿͺðˣ˻ϯ֮λӦõ֡
۾˵
ǲҪ⣬ǻȥҰ˻һ͵ڶ˵˵
Ҷ˵꣬նסͥԺȥ
ȻȻȥһȺɳǵΧߣʼɽҪμ˻ɳǴȵϢɢ˳ȥ
Ǹš
ڻɳ˵в˶ģҪǵޣڻɳǶ֮ĺ
ԣɽȻҶִģҲûʲôż̬Ҫ˵Ļɳ˶ҶֶСʱ򱻳ġ
ô˵ҶڲٻɳĿУѾһѡˣġɽȻһ֡
Ե˵ɽ˳ޣȻҪμ˻ĴȵʱһĶ
Ҫɽ˳ľ磬˻Ĺھ˵츳Ϊ죿
ɳǿǺ£
Ȼڡɽμ˻Ĵȣ˻ǲôõġ
ΪɳҲŲţرһ˻Ϊ˫ֵ̥ܡ

žʮ꣬˻츳ߣرǶԻɳǵ似Ϊ̣սǿԺ͸ո̤˽پĶá
ͥԺУҶں˻е
йž꣬ǻɳ˻ǿеĵһ
ڵڶģǹžĸ磬ҡҵ츳žȴΪŬطҲ챮򣬷ǿ
˵ҶҡҡͷңڵңǳͷۣΪһ̫ڹˣ
ν̫ڹ˼Ȼ˵ҷˣ̤˽پҶ֣ͻ
ȥһδͻƵ˽پʱ򣬲μ˻ĴȣͰҵУɵСһЩ
Ҷֶѵ
ȥ˻ȣһ˭
Ȥ
ǹžǹҡ
ҶֵҰܸ˹ңҺ͹žоսϧΪֵܣûܴΪ磬ѵһø˵ܹܵž
ǻͦꡣ
ЦЦ˵
ȻڻɳǿǳĴһӳġ
Ҷֵ٩һ䣺һ˲ҹϵҲ
Ȼû˵ȴ˼
žˣҶֹϵɳǴˣͲҪƴˡ
ž͹ұǿǻῴҶֵ˷ϣ֣ž͹Ҳ֣Ҷ־ϣҲҪɱ֡
ˡ
˵ͷ

Ҷȥ֮Լֻһе
ȥʮʱ䣬Ϥʩչֻϱڵַֻϱڣ֮ǰҪһһһֻϱڡ
һӱķ
ǽű似ûк֢Ļһдļ似ʹ½ûܹܵסֻϧ
ţ漴ҡҡͷ
Ѱ鼶似ҪѶȶǳˣ˵ļ似켶似ҪǿѶȻ켶似
ű򵽴ɾ磬ܹʩչչѾ൱Ѹˡ
Ҫ似֢̫ܾʩչƽϰ൱Σգչ͸ˡ
ȻڻɳǲμӴȣǲҪʩչһС
ԻȪֻЩ似㹻õˡ
ʮ֮ɳǴȼʼʱ֮ڣûܵκ˵Ĵš
ɳǴȿʼ죬Ҷһǰɳǵĵʮ㡣
ڻɳǵĵʮ㣬һΪı䳡ǻɳÿٰɳǴȣԼЩĳ
һ죬ҶŵľͲֻһˣźɫ۵˻ޡ
žң
֪ԭһﾹҶֵӵߣֲҶֵ˵˹ϵ
ڿҶֺ˺ֹǹϵ
ӹž͹ϣܵһһ΢⣬ֵ⣬ɱ⣬ֻǶʾ̫ˬ
ϾҶֶ⡰ɽΪƳ磬зǳˬ
ž͹ңԭҶµĵɽȻҶֵѣȴֻ֪ҶֳΪ˻ɳǵĴǺҶֵݿ϶ǲһġ
ΪҶֽǵѣǲŻصĸҶ֣ӵҶ֣֧Ϊһ
ɳǣʮ㣬һƬɽ˺С
ҶֹʱһӾͱϯ̨ϵһڷڷϣܵһΪֲϢѹ
Ϣѹ֮ǰıһǿ
ͱԺԺһ컪Ϊڷߣǻɳǵĵ̫ϳϣپĴˡ
뵽
ɳǵĵɳԪ죡
Ӽʦ𡣡
Ҷִһ·ǰǺڷ߸ǰȻ󹧾ʺһ

ڷƣҶֵʱüȴǸֳһĨЦ⣬һҶ֣ԼҶžңΪӡ
ţҶֱ˲Զ
ÿɳǴУɳԪľӶᰴմ߲ԶҶԼĸ
ɨΧһۣһ۾ͼ˻ӹ⣬˻һ˳ޣұ߲Զ
ӹ⡣
۾ȻߣȴҲԿӹʱһ˿м
ⲻмӹ⵱ŭȴҧҧ
ڣǱʱֻɳǴȿʼҪ⡰ɽͷ
ӹ£ʦԵ£ֻҪ˻ģɳǴмǡɽԻὫ
Ҫôһϯ֮λҪܶೡսӹͲţǲ˳ġɽһ·նɱһɣ


402 ٽ
Ե޹ʱӱˣӹ⣬ֵһ¡
еĲмҲȻȻ¶ʵ⣬ӹʹˡ
Ȼһ㡣
ҪǺµĻͲѡ񳰷ӹ⣬Լս£ɨˡ
ǵˣʾмΣ
䳡շǳң˻û룬ԳɳԪ첢δվʼ
յÿһȵɳǴȣڿʼ֮ǰҪɳȻչʾһ½ġ
ӿ䳡ԽԽˣɳԪ츽Ҳˡ
Ҷһһİ˸ʦָһ£Ŵһ£䶼˵ʲôʱó
ЩǣҶֺİ˸ʦֵУӹΪߣ͵ġ
ʦԣҲЩԲı֣Ȼ
Ҫ֪ʦֵУĶѾ컪ˣ϶Ժڴʦ֣ȻҲ컪ǿߣһͻƿΪɳԪһپǿߡ
ӹ֮⣬κһˡ
ȴ֪п϶ɳǴԵµȵȣһԱȽ׽ʦܣһԸҲ˵
ʲô;ʹˣ˻ϯ֮λҪˡ
۾뵽
漴Ǿ˶ˣλõĳɳԪ죬ͷȻںվ̧֡
ȫѸ˶̧ͷɳԪ졣
꣬һɳǽɵĵһ꣬ͬʱҲǡʮһȵĴѡΡ˴ɳǴȣ͵ǸλμӴѡεɡ
ɳԪ컷ܣ¶ЦݣΪ˸λڴѡлúõĳɼչɳǴȣḻһЩ
˵仰عͷȥһ̧֣ӿһԼŵĺڲ
ǼԱߣվ쾳ɳػżϼɳǴʤߵĽѵҩս
ɳǴȣ˳飬ǰԿԵõһö켶Ʒҩеһһö켶Ʒҩ˻˽پ飬Ҳһ
ⷬ˵ǰһ
ǲΪ˲μӴѡкóɼɳǴȵĻʤһ
ȻǶ˵Ϊǿ϶Ҫõ˻ĵһġ
öͬ켶Ʒҩ㹻̤˻ˣֻҪܹͻƿĻ
ţɳǴȸڴ
쾳ĸ飬ԭĽ֮⣬ǰö켶ҩĽ
ɳԪ˵ȫΪ֮Ȼ
ûʲôؼս˵ûʲô;ϾսҪ似ܷЧ似ͽ似
ھǹҲûˣֻΪոԼļš
ÿһ꣬ǻɳǵʵڲϽһգǻɳǻΪ֮ǿߣϣλϳĿŬ
ɳԪ˵Щӻֱʾȴ˾ıʼɣѳǩ
仰䳡жʱֳһʹâһַбμɳǴȵ
ȳֵģ˳˻˽پĶս
̧ͷգһңҵԼ֡ɽ
Ȼʮ˻ʿμӴȡ
֣е㾪ȣɳǵĵ̻Ǻǿġ
Ҫ֪˻ޣʹ½ϾԿԳΪһ⼶ޣɳǶʮ
⻹ǲμɳǴȵģʮµġ
Ҫ˵ɳǣ˻޾ԳһˣѾ൱ֲˡ
ͱԺ˻ޣ¶ֻʮʮ
Լμʥѡʱ²һ£ŵóۣͱԺʵͻɳǱ˺Զ
ȻͱԺֻǸԺʥԺܹԺģһʵҲɳǲŶԡ
뵽뿪ʱһǹ˻Ԭƺþǹʧͦģ
ɳǴȵ˻飬ܹʮ˲μӣճǩó˳һԶԽжսʤ߶ϯ֮λ
ܼ򵥣ҲܲпᣬΪֻҪһͻᱻ̭û˼ȥĻᡣ
˵Ȼûʲô⡣
ҵһ־Ȼҳɿˡ
뵽ʮ֮ǰɳǽֵ͵ϮҪնɱԼǸ۳׳벻һ־Ȼ
˳ǩѲɻè岻ɣҪȻôôɡ
ô˵û̫Ӱ졣
˻УһϳǹžĶһϳ㴹ͷɥȻԼܵùȻ鵽˹žΪһ֡
˵Լܵõǰһ־͹Ҳ̫ˡ
ȻȻ֪Լǹž֣˻Ǽϳ͹žսһνҲҪƯ⵹ͦ͵ġ
ɳǵޣ֮⣬
žɻʤ֮ǰ˳С
ŹߵӰڳУ䳡˳ɵȫĿתƵϡ
棬۳׳ҳɿˣȻŴ󵶳ˡ
һҶ㣬һοûôˣӶҪΪֹ
ҳɿЦ˵˾һ
һ仰û˵ϳ֮һֱ̧֣֮ۡ
ֻأԻȪ
ȭҳɿ˸պ˳ȥ֮ʱɢ˿
ҳɿû뵽ֱӶ֣ȴδţдֱӺնһ貵âϮ˳ֱӭȭâ
ı
ҳɿר־ڶԸȭâҲ룬ֱӳŵһȭȥҳɿ˽ŵ۳ı
ȳֵȭѾҳɿþȫڵֵˡ
ȻܵŵЩԣҳɿ󵶣ճϱֱ
Ȼһ̣һȻһӽյҳɿڡ
˻ǿߣǱѰĶ࣬һıҳɿ˾Ȼûеǿմз˳ҡ£ͨһˤڵء
һУڲʱڡ
ҳɿ˵ҪĵĻ˶ߣȻʱ˿̣۳׳ȴѾ鴤ĵ˵ϡ
ɽʤ
һԸе޹˺þòŷӦͬʱѸкޣҳɿ̧ȥ׼ơ
ҳɿһۣв˵ҩĻƵǲ
ÿ죡
䳡˳ɵ˶ڹעսȻĽҳɿˣһǿһ
ϾҳɿȥɳǴУǻ˵
ȻڣȻһ˳ĹУνɽԸˣ
ԸˣûܳŹУѾ˰ˣɼɽʵǺεȿֲ
һĻɹɳԪһЩ״ӵ
Ժӹ⣬Ҷ⼸ʦ֣жЩˣΪƱػҶָǿƣ˵Ǻ£


403 սʤ
˵ȻҪ˻ĵһ͸Ҫ˵Ŀ⡣
õĳҪʲô
ҳɿˣȷڻɳ˻еʵǰС
ȥսûʲôѹֱӽѹˡ
ȵ˻˶֮󣬾ͻֻʣˣˣս𣬶ȡ˻ĵһ
ҪõһҪ
ţ鿴һ½ȥпܻĶ֡ž͹ң˵ȻλУˣûôˡ
ҳɿһҪ˵ǲ٣˻޵Уûʲôܹһ㡣
սݣսʤ˵Ԥϡ
Ҷ֣û뵽ôɵʤ
ȥɾûôˣϾ˻ʣµ˸ˣʵǿ
˽ĵսʼǰһʮ߰Ůӡ
ǵãŮҶʦ¡
ɳԪľ״УֻһŮӣ츳ȴǼߣѾ̤컪϶ǿ
վǰŮӣսģ΢΢һЦɽҼҶЩ꣬ǾͲҪ˺Ƥˣ䣬Σ
Ϊʲô䣿
üͷһ˵
ãܴӮң
ŮһЦ
Կô֪
δ⣬ùǸܵŮϵϢ֪ߣҪҳɿ˸ǿһЩ
Ǻðɡ
Ůûж˵ֻһ̧֣͸һɸĵϢ
Ȼ͵챮򡣡
һŮӵеѾս˼·
ŮȻ裬һӰڳУҲЩӰֱͷų˻Ȫ֮
ԻȪĻȪܹ֣֮ǿԼЧ൱
Ȼ󣡡
Ůӽ߳һһ̣Ժз·޳
漴һ˵ϢΧС
ȸ
㲻ԷʲôֱʩչȸʽܹԼ˸ԪӶһйʩչʱŮһжù
ңʩչȸ֮ԺкͱǼĻȫʧˣ˻ָѡ
û뵽ȸ⹦Ч
Щ죬⵹Ǹ֣ⷢҲܹȸָѡ
漴̫֮֮Ըֳ֣ɱȻ
ŮΪȻ似ˣȴû뵽ӭһ貵ɱ⣡
Ůæˣһ̧һϣҪֵɱ⡣
Ȼ̫ɱ⣬еҪǿöࡣ
ֻ顱Ȼһֱ飬ɱЯƣֱӴ߷ɹųһ亹
䡣
ŮӷӦЩյĳˡ
ҪǸո飬ɱ߷ɹĻѾû
ȻΪ˻ޣһ˳Щɳܣʵϣ֪ԼĲĶ֡
ͦʵġ
Ů䣬ͦģ飬뿴ԷƷôڿ
Ů֮󣬹սϯϲ˶Щп
Źߵɽʵ̫ǿˣȻֻ˳Ϊȴܹ˻ǿ߶˿ûƣ
Ҷ֣Ǵôһӣ
ȴ֪ҶֲӵĹϵҶֻУ˶ֻѶѡ
ҡ
ȥĶ֣Ů֮󣬻һֵĹżֵܣҡ
ȫ¡ļΪ׳˶վڳУһֲŭơ
Ҷ㣬ղŵıҲҹĿ࿴
ҿϸֳŵЦݣҪԸһδ񣡡
ɨһۣδ˵
Ҷ˵ҵķǳǿᣬе֮ǰӹϺڣȻΪ˻ǿߣҵķ϶Ǻ޸ǿ
ԭһɽǸɵ˳Ȼͱμ˻Ĵȣڿ˼ʵ
ɲҳɿ֮ĶֱӺȥˣ̫ǿˡ
ҿɲҳɿεģȥ꣬ҿǽҶ˵ġ
ңɽ϶û취ʤˣôǿҲǿҶɣ
Χ۷׷ףųָָ㡣
ȫǧ˵עĿ£û˿ţվڳС
˵۹ۣУΨйһ֣
飡
챮֣ͽҷһɢԶϢľʯֱӸ˳Ĺ飡
ʯϣܵһּ᲻ɴݵԶϢ˲Ȥ
ҵҪֵܷ֮Ĺ
ţһ̧֣ķͷ˳

սϯλϣɳǵĵɳԪ죬һֱעųս
ɽľʲô
ڷɳԪ죬ļΪɻپǿΪʩչĵʲô
ڹƺĻɳǿֲһЩδ˵б쾧ǿķġ
ѵģΣ޷ȣȴ쾧ǿӣϱȻŲܡ
ɳԪипʲôܣֻҪΣһɳǾС츳ضڴѡӱһɳвٺô
ȻʩչŹ֣ȴδԤļ൱ϲ
Ҫ֪֮ߴһֱ״̬֮£ʱ򶼴ھƣ£һһõһڵţ׾ͽѹȥ
ڣɳԪͺҶܽ
ɳǣʥԺЩ϶ɳԪ֪ݣȻǱͱԺԺ
һϵɳԪ֪Ĺڱ飬ɳԪǳͱԺĹϵ϶ôá
ɳԪ뽫ˣ٣ҪڲμӴѡεʱ򣬴ɳǵݲС
ܶ˻ĵһұٸһϲصһɳǣ
ɳԪ춢ųеЦǺǵš
ڰǰģǷǿĹңųƿԵֵ˽پǿ߹ǿߣ
ұ˽پҲѾǳӽˣֻһ̤˽پʱķӿֲ
ֻأ
һ̧֣һȭֻ֮ŹǿɢԶϢľʯ˳ȥ
ֻ֮ǿʯ֣ȴȫûǰʩչֻ似ĸоǿʯ飬Ȼ˿ûֻ֮ܵӰ죡
棬ҵȷеְ
ҷԶžʯȻֻ֮ԵֵסȻΪһΣҲԴпҵȷס
ӹ£޵Ľ򣬸ҷβ˲ֹһ
Σ
ҴЦһ̤ǰһԶžʯһƽϳżǿѹ
Χ˿ֳЦݡ
ȻɽߵѾǼˣҪ˳Ϊ˻Ĺھôף
Ȼһ̣䶸


404 żǹ
ԲƵĹңûκλš
ɱҲֻϱڣֱӽԷ似ȥʱڿ϶κΣա
̫
ף
ף
ڣɳ֮ͷһνԼ챮ȫͷ˳γͬɫ磬ӭ˲ƵĹң
׳˶ĹҼ״ɫ䣬۲սΧޣȫһ
챮
һֱһֻȣһǿ񱩵׵磬һױȵƻ˲䱬
챮һֱӱ㽫ǰԶžʯУʹ޷ǰһ
һӱܵһǿѹϱ
챮붼ûġ
ڻɳǣҪõһ챮з򣬶ûôףҪ츳ҪԵ
ɽȻ챮
Ҳ֪һ﾿Ǵʲôطģ
˶ôһʣ̧ͷɳԪϴ΢ЦһҲȫˡ
гɳԪڣɽǵҷ֮ء
ڼȻɳԪ컹΢ЦôɽǴʲôطģڣǻɳǵһӡ
Уֱӱ챮ںסڵֵƬ֮󣬱㲻ȥ
Ȼ߳һأ챮ںһȴǳֵܹĳ̶ȡ
Ǹ̥
ҽҧأͷųȫĹҷҪͻϵ
ֻϧȻģͲܸκλᡣ
ǿֵ챮ںܿһѻ𡪡ֱӽķͷųתϮȻ׻
Զžʯ鱻硢ΧҪ
ľķֱӽ壬ɿȥûκվ
ˡ
Ц

ѪȴȻˬһЦǿվ
תȥȻȴûκź
ΪԸܵŵս⣬Լֲսʱȫ޷ȵġ
ԩ
зֳʤʱ䳡һƬȻһڴˡ
ɽѾһˣ»ٻܹžΪ˻ĵһ
٣Եģû֪žʵȥɳǴУž͹ֵھֱˡ
꣬ڿԼʶһ¹žʵˣҲ֪ɽȣ˭ǿһЩ
ڳΧ˵Ŀȫˡ
սͬңչǲġ
ɽ˳Ϊսʤ˻ǿߣż˻ɳǣܲ˷ܣ
ܿ죬͵˾ʤʱ̡
һĹžվ䳡λá
žĳ࣬͹е񣬲˷ͬ
Ǵ׳ⷢžȴͬһ㣬㣬˫һǷǳ׶ҡˡ
ۣ
žڱһ˳ǹȡ˳Ҹ磬ʸҶùżǹ
ԭǹġ
۾뵽
֮ǰսУһֱûжսʼֻķڶԵС
Ȼžڹ֮󻹸ϳ϶ǱȹҪǿһЩȻС
Ҫ˵սҲУ
ѪӰ
һ̧֣һŹϢ΢Ʈɢ˳ٿֱɢΧУȫʧˡ
ʱ˿̣;ѪӰѾϹ
ΪƷսѪӰһϣܷӳ֮ǰǿ࣬Ϲı仯ܹþѪӰӰΡ
žѪӰɢΧУռϢ·𶼱Щùžüͷ΢΢һ塣
δ룬ǳųǹȳ
͹ҵսʽͬžųǹеٶȾȻΪѸ٣Ȼĳǿ似
նУȲϹžǰеٶȣ
ֻһգۼ䣬žгǹѾǰ漴ǹһ˦һȻҪʳɷ顣
ȸ˲գ
һʱʩչ似˳ź˿ʮɣһ˾롣
֮ǰĹңһ̩ɽĸоڳѹȶҲеֵסĸо
ǹĹžӵмΪֲٶȣԼǿĹżǹвȻҪȹҴöࡣ
仰˵žʵȹҪǿö࣡
ֲȥһֱ䣬֪򲻹žܵܡ
ţδվΣųǹĹžѾٴαжһȷŸǿ硣
ѾһΣȥǲˡ
һ̧֣ٿɢΧеľѪӰֱӳŹžȥ
ֻأ
ͬʱһȭֻ֮պ˹ž
żǹԲɨ
žƺܵԿеѹȣʱǹһת籬ɢֱӽľѪӰֻ֮ȫ˿ȥ

̲ס̾
ûǿˣǱһؾޣܹԿҲٳ֣ž֮һ
㣬ذܡ
žҫżš
ûô򵥡
һЦôܾˣ
žֳʵҲǿһսˣûܹѹơ
ǹ쫷硣
žгǹʱһ쫷磬쫷ٶɱ
ۿŹžһЯɱ֮ƣϣһֻ̧֣ϱڣԼΧ
޿赲
žһ쫷磬гǹͱֻϱϡ
ǹⴥֻϱڵһ˲䣬žɫһ䣬˲䷴Ӧֱնˡ
ˣûȫס֡
һйǹ쫷ֻϱ߰˳ɣ漴Ѹײڶ֮Ʒ˻ȥ
ɱ⣡
ԻȪ
ֻϱڵķôģһɱ⣬Ҵ߶ѪӰٴζԹžΧɱ
ùžЩæңʱ˿̣һȭԻȪպȪ֮·ʱžڡ
žгǹתһ͸ԶϢ쫷ɣҪɢΧһ
ȻȪ֮·ֵĹžȫתһ쫷Ҳ࣬޷ɢЩ
׷׷һʩչϵ硢׻ƳգͬŹžϮȥùž֪һսˡ
Ӧ̫ˡ
žһҧ뵱ʱҪǲһǹͱֻϱϣ϶ͲľںڣѾ̫ˡ
䡣
žѵĳȻֹͣ˿һĹ
Źž䣬һɳǴȵ˻Ľڳˡ
ԸԳĶϯ֮λܹõöͬ켶Ʒҩ⣬ҲμɳǴȵĿġ


405 ʥԺԮ
³֮󣬱㿪ʼ۲˽پǿս
Ҷ־ڳУ˽پ޶ս
ۿսҲܴлǳ˶ط൱͸ԼطķʽõЩ
գҶ˽پĴл˵˾ĴĻ
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Ϊ׵һޣŶʮ꣬ʵȴѾʮ꣬Ǹ̤컪־ϣҲȢĸףǸһ
־һǰͻƵ쾳̤Ϊ˾ǹĳϡ
󲻾ãƾųȨޣõ˲ٱҩӶһͻƿ̤컪ʹ½ټǿߡ
һ֮綼֮ˡ
ֻϧУһȴǶĵĺܣȻȢĺ֣ôļһ
־õǲʼմŵ٬˿Ƚḡ
žǹˣڸϵ˸ǰ
һˣȴʲô¹޾ȻȫŮӣһɴԵüΪء
ף磬еǰһˡˣ꣡
һȺ¹ޣ뵽˴ƹĪɽŮ꣬ǺЩŮ޲Ĵ磿
ֻǣ֪˫ʲôϵ


409 Ϯɱ
ǹ¹˶֮󣬱һ˿
λһǰȥɣƱѾȥˣ϶
һ֧Ԯķͷ˵Ҳ֪Щûܳˡ
ǹͷˣҪȢ־
ΪӢ־ɨڳһۣĿ¹ѩŮ϶ͣƬ̣漴ȻȻˣǱ߰ɣҵҪʲô޵ʹ½Ұ
¹ʮȫɴɫԲͬǰֵġΪ׵Ůӣɫɴͬһ컪ǿߡ
δ˵ֻǸˣ¹ڶŮӣһͱԺնС
һ־СѩԼ¹컪ǿߴͷ˶ںͷһܹİٶˣͱԺƺƵȥ
ջīţԦ졭
һǰУһɨȺһۣͱԺʶȫڶУֻҪ̤ؾĵӣһˡ
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һ·ϣľǹ¹ˣҲӱһе֪˹Щ޵Ĵ
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ЩϢԴͷͱԺİʮ԰
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УȻҪԱ𣬶һǻڻǲ
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Ҷһ̧֣ǺֱӸֱֳһǹջīڴ˿ȥ

ǹȥȻͷ˽پĿ֦һɱ;п֦ޣջīǿдͨһͨ·
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ԭһͷ컪Ŀ֦ޣסģڣͷ֦ȴߣһͷ֦һΧѩ
ƾᣬоȻϮɱҪֱӻɱ
ⶼʲôʱˣһﾹȻתԸԼˣ
Ҷּ״ɫ䡣
п컪ǿߣƾһȺˣֵܵסУ


410 ͷŹ
ҳһš
ǿ֦ӿİԸ޸ȫָΪս
ȥ춼ǿ֦ޣѾȫΧ
ʱ˿̣з˶Ը֦ޣתϮȻ˿Уȴûа취֧Ԯ
ѩͷ컪Ŀ֦ޣѾǳʱеΪһУеǰ㾹ԸԼˣж౰ɣ
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Уֻʣ˾ǰԶԼԵĸ߹Ůջī
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ӳϾԺˡ
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ʥԺ޳
ӳϸоԼԴе㲻ˡ


411 ǳս
ӳϸоԼôãƺʧȥһѶϢЩ޶ˡ
Χһۣʱ֦֮䣬Ȼ֮ޡ
޳֮ôһֵֿǸ˲õ顭
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412 δ֪
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ѩŻɳǵˣšջīԦ죬ԼӳϣֱתԶ롣
ֻѩһ̧֣һɳѸӿˣ˷ٶ˲һࡣ
һĻñһʱŭˣɳ֮ˣ𣿡
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ԶԶȥһƬƵϼУͱԺӰƺķ˿
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413 ԮԺ
ͱԺڰеĽȫ̮֮󣬳֮˵ıжྫˡ
һΪͱԺԺʱǳӶˣոΪʲôͲźѩ˵Ļأ
ҪŵĻ϶ͻˣͱԺδ֪ȸɵ˵ɲҲܹƾ
ڣȴˣҪǻûŪ֣δ֪޵Ƹˡ
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־ȻҲˣֱӴžǹĵӷԶˣȫûͱԺ
ʱͱԺһͷͨؾδ֪ޣǵȻȻӦæǰԼܱס
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ݻͱԺͷδ֪ޣǲδ׷Ҳ֪ҪЩʲôá

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ЩǻˣֵƴΪѹޣȴҪֵս
أԷǳˬֵǰС
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414 ˻֮
ѩһ𣬸ͷУܿᴩʮռ䣬ңңԺڵĵط
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415 
һ̤˻ܹ߶ǿһܹͨ
Уܹܵǿľ֮Ӷʩչ;ӡйصĸֶΣǿˡ
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416 ɱ
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418 ı
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ԺͱԺѱݻ٣ǰԮԺΣ
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ñһҲӦõġ
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ΪʥԺԺǫԵȻСֱӾ׳ջ
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ʥԺƳкһһܲμɵ·ֱӶ˽ȥ
ҪԸͨؾǿޣҪѹֻһ档
Ҫģû취ֵͨΨֵܹ


419 һ
һ˵ϢӴϴԼڵˣ׷׳֮˽ȥ
޵ͨ˲ʩչһ׼ʱ䡣
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Ѫ
ֱ˦Ʒ籩֮󣬱ͷų˲Ѫ
ǳΨһһ쾧ǿߣΪ쾧ǿߣѾ뿪ʹ½硣
ѪȻƬնȾѪ֮ɫϼⶼ·ʧȥ˹
쾧һ׷бһƬͷѻѰһȺ۵ѻһ𣬳ѪɫĲѪȻ
սȻĻ
ǫΪ˱סԼȻƴеҲЩȴû̫ж
ϾٵľʥԺ
ʥԺޣǫΪȫӦģʲôֵ̫顣
Ҫ֪ǫģ϶ǿЩԸޣ޴ʥԺԺߡ
£϶Ը⿴Ը䵽ǰȺ˵С
ˣǶ֡
ʱ¹ĹԶһɫȹŮն໥һۣȻֱͷųɫɫŷѻѰڴкȥ
ɫȹŮӣŴɫɴԵüΪأϢͬپǿߣ
մֻ֣߳һգ۱Ѿ˸ǰһ̧֣һɫҲŷѻѰϯ
ߴߴ磬¹ŮʱͬһĿ꣬ǾȽѻѰɵ˵
ƽյ֮磬پǿ֮ٻᱬս˵Ĵģսˡ
ЩˣԭͶӵе
ߴֳӪһپǿ֮Ĵսˡ
ǹڣپǿߣʱ״ҲֱӶ֣ǫԾɱ˹
¹ŮΧѻѰ÷ѻѰƣڱǫԣȴͬʱΧ
֮ƽ㻹˻ǰһǾǹ֮ˣܿɾͶɥȪˣ
ʱһŷѻѰǣƣȻʩչĵһܵȺǹĵͷϣʱһƬѪɫ뵽Щǹӳ֣
ȫҫžâľǹ֮ƽԭҪΧǫԣʱʱһ


421 ־
籾ʮǰʹ½֮ףȻ伫նָ
ԣ֮ƽ뿪ֱӷɵǹͷϣƷ籩Ȼը죬£
֮ƽɫ䣺ϷӣֵĳԺʲô
һ˵һûκԥٶȻطȻȴֱһ̧֣ǹȺеһ˴סץ˳
Ǿǹ뿪˵أСӱɡ
ץŵģǾǹ½־Ҳһӡ
֮ƽһ׷߼״ʱſ
ҪżҶֵġ
֮ƽ侲磬̧ͷ磬вҶɱ־ҾǹĺǶҪ׷ɱ
ٺ٣ͷӰȥ٣ֵľ׷ԣ
ٺټЦһģȻֱӺ־ϣֲ־ﳹ飡
ۣ
־һѪʹ֮ɫүүң
Ϸң
ǰ׷һʱĿѣҲ̲סҫžǹ⣬ͼɹȥ
־Ǿǹһ츳һˣʱȻ˵ǹ˵ǼĴ
үүǰ׷߸Ǿǹ֮ƽܷҫȥˡ
˳ٶϮȥȻȴǺٺһЦһֱ̧֣ӽ־ͷƷ籩˹ȥ漴һƷ籩ڿʼը졣
ǹͿʼΧӴܣȻôӵùģ
ֻҪٹƬ̣־ЩǹޣᱻƬƷ籩ɱ
֮ƽ˲κδ⣬ۿ˺뿪ʩչȥΣΨȾ¾ǹ˵
ϷӣտʼҾǹ֮𲻹죡
֮ƽŭĳΧţһ㾡ȫڽ־ץס˻һԾǹֵסƷ籩Űܡ
үүҵΪȫûˣ
־һֺ⣬ѵĴܲס
Ϊϣѱɥʧ˼ǰеʸᱻΪײ
־һҫˣû뵽Լн졣
ģһ취κõģˣеںδ
ǰ׷߱־Ŀ֣Ψһ磬ھĺķϵʵŭ˼㡣
ģһҪʬΣ
ҩҩϼһˡ
־˵⻰ԴһΣ˹ȥ
еȻˣҪ֪Ϊֹ֪ĿƵ˵õĵҩˣ

ʱ˿̣ԱߣȥһƬҡ
ǫԣͲڵս¹Ůǵסپǿߣɼ
ȻҲס˾ǹˣҪȻپǿϵƣ͵ܣӶ¶ǰˡ
СӣҸõʲô
ٺһЦһ֣Ȼͳԡ
⻰һЩ죬ΪȻĳ֣ŵһҩζ
ʲôҩ
ܵϼΪŨҩ㣬Щ죬ôŨҩ㣬ʾöҩǳԽҩ
ؼƷе
ЦҴס־Сӣöҩȡ˳˳ָһƣˡ
ô֪Ҫöҩ
ʱһ
¹֮˺ÿͣǰ˼ڲ裬ʹ˼䣬ĵСˣȻ֪ĸڵأΨ־ϣеҽΡ
װƵĵ˵
ͷлˡ
ӹöеΪж翴ǶԼͦģ
лһһЩΪʦ𣿡
޺޵
ʦˣǰ㻹ǿȥͽɣҿһɲĶ֡
ҡҡͷתƻ˵
ȻһѻѰһע㱻ת˹ȥɨһ¹սķѻѰˣЦһͽձǵˣ
£ٴʧǳŲԶѻѰڴ͵͵˹ȥ
ʱ¹ĹҲۣʩչɫŮսİ֮ʤͻȻͷһҽУ漴һѪɫȻըͷ鶼׻
磬ŶԷע⾹Ȼ͵Ϯ
ͷӣսǿ
۾˵ıݣپǿߵĴս֮УıΪˡ
ȻҲԸйأΪһߴ֮ףԸΪĿĲֶΡ
Ϊ˶Ըͽ͵ϮΣ
͵ϮɱĻԲ
֮ǰͷίɱͽܣȫΪӡסڼȻ˻ҵĺûᣬɱͽܾ׾ˡ
š
ͷ㣡
֮ʤǸŰɫë׳ʵӣͻȻ⵽ӱ͵ϮѪơ
ѵתȥų͵ϮΣָ˹ȥȴʩչκ
ͽ£µû˸ֽ
ЦһٴһƣѪȻһƹᴩ˰֮ʤţ
֮ʤĿԭֵϢѰ鷳û뽫סʲѪķ
ȴû뵽Լᱻɴĸɵˡ
֧Ԯˡ
۵¹Ĺ˵ͷȻƮռ˲Զ¹
ųɫӣ׷дѽѷ֡
׷ۿŰ֮ʤɱʱһ˲ͱ¹ĳɫĺС
ʦ֪ˣչҪصƱ֮λ
׷гݹ᾵ӣһͷսսĿŲԶͷɢ磬ææĽ˵
ƱкãѾʧȥʮ꣬ʮʧҲֻأҪ˭ֻأ
粻мĿԼĶͽһۣЦСȻô棬ΪںƱ֮λ
ô˵ʱ򵨱ݹ᾵¶֮ɫ͵ɣ
˵⻰ֱ˿ȥŲԶڴȥ
ҪϲԼڳϣǫն˵ҺͲ֮һᰲȫࡣ
ʱ˿̣ǫԱͲвˣڽڰˣۿҪսţܽǫԳ׻塣
Ҳʱ¹ĹƮǫվһ
ģûʲôƣοһԲӦסһնɱһˣòüͷ
ǿһ׷УһҲ̫ûˣʱ˿̣Žһ»ǫԣȡʱ򣬿ɲڧˡ

ʱ˿̣һЦһԴȵСͷΧΪսʱͬһ㣬ǫ˹


422 ɫ
һƬҡ
ɳǵ̫ϳϣüͷսʱδ֣ۿǫԵ˶ƣǲҲˡ
Ϻϣͷһʱͷɳ֮ųȥ
ϳȶԸǷѻѰƱĴ
ԭѻѰں¹ĺȹսѽѷ֣ϳ֣ɳ֮ȥʱ÷ѻѰɫһѸȥ
ɱ
ҲʱǹĹڽµƷ籩ȫɢȻһֱɱ˻ɳǵ̫ϳϡ
֮ƽڶ֮ǣͬ˵ıƱλˣȻһλȴȻһɾ޴
ˣ֮ƽѡȰѻѰҪסѻѰС
ͬʱڴһȺޣҲɢԶ˿ȥΪǹȺһ͵Ϯˡ
Ϊƣ͵Ϯ飬ֻһεģϾйһ֮˶ģ͵Ϯûôˡ
Сӣһˣ߿ûôֳʤ
˻ص˵
ôˣôԵǰԵҶϣ
ȴҡҡͷ漴⣺ͷҽ
ԣеĺ⣬ž֪ʲô뷨ˣֱһ֮С
߶ֱӷ˷ѻѰڣԼǶ֮С
ôһȻŷѻѰڴֱֱײȥ÷ѻѰɫֱ䣬ѻѰҲ൱η֮ĵġ
Ͼǧһֱ֮ԶŴڣ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ڱСƿأ˵ɺܴв
߶پǿߵսвϷײţܿ˾ͷ֣ѻѰ֮ƽˣȻϵ÷ɢ˿
ǫ֮ˣȫۼһ
˶ԹΪʹ½ͬȾ˵Ҳһĵ
ۼһǫԡ¹λɳ̫ϳϣȻܹӳǿʵ
ʥԺλϣƳϺͲϣǱʥԺӣñļһ͵Ϯˡ
УȻ·بʹڵԶŽη
ǫԵˣΧΧֵŷѻѰ˵Ĺ
һѻѰ˸˲ǫǣҪʱ̵ıײǿɲġ
˫ûнֶá
͵Ϯɱһ֮ʤһðӶ޷ͻǫԵ˵ķ
ܿ죬һپǿն
ɳԪˡ
˶ʱһǫⷽһϲ
ɳԪ죬ǻɳǵĵʵΪǿᣬܺᲢ۵Ĵڣ
ȻͬΪپ磬໥ʵҲŲࡣɳԪ졢磬ǫԣǿһࡣ
Ȼǹ֮ƽԼڵİһǿġ
ĳϡȵȣʵҪһЩˡ
ɳԪһȻվڻɳǵ̫ϳߣǻɳǵһԱ
һĻ÷ѻѰɫһ䡣
ԭ˫ʵǿƽ⣬ɳԪһǾ;ԲǫԵ˵Ķˣ
ɳԪ죡
֮ƽֱȳΪβվߣһԸǫԣǻɳǣʥԺŲٹڣβô˻ᣬһ򾡣׽𣿡
Ǻǡ
ڷɳԪնһɳ䣬ûκ˸ж
ʥԺ֣ʹ½Ĵ£ɳԪ죬˺޳ܣ֮Σˣ
ɳԪһЦţһǫԡ
⻰˵ԷǹڡƱ֮ˣȫǺ޳ܣ֮Σļһ
⻰Ȼ˵ĲȴöԷ˶Щˬ
ѵ㲻ãǿвܷЧ𣿡
ڵİһ
һɳ֮ˣΣƺ޹ذɣ
ɳԪ췴һ䣬ʱҪǻ˵ϻǾ͸ϽһȥҪæԸޣǱһɣ
ɳԪ죬Ȼ߷ˡ
˵⻰ֱӳԺڵĵطնȥ
лɳΧ
ǫһļΪĶɳԪЦŵл
Ժؿ
ɳԪҡҡͷͨؾޣʵʹ½һΣҲְæɳҲᱻЩ롣
Σ˼±ϣʥԺǷһ顣
ǫԸп˵ѵɳǾǹڣԼƱ֮ˣȴĿǳ֮ܣ
ɳԪֱӳԺȥ
ۿ뿪ǹԶԶ׷ںͷǲȴҲҿ̫Է׷׾ںͷţŻ
ԴˣɳԪǫӶ
ɾ룬ת˲
޵Ϣ֮ǰŨһЩ
ԶԶ͸ܵԺϢ֮ǰͱԺԺԺطŨһЩΪʱ䣬иޱ˹
ҲЩ޷
ǫԿһԵɳԪ죬΢΢һЦ
Ǹıһ²ԡ
ͨؾޣʩչ̫ͨΨܹܡһȥĻ̫ΣˣȻҶǰʩչͨλԶһ㣬ȻŻ
ҲãɵСˡ
ǫԹĵ˵
İɡ
˵ͷȻͷų߶䳯Ժڴֱײ˹ȥ
ѩǸһ
ǰϳһЩצޣĴųɳҪ飬գһۿŶоֲ
߶˾İצȫ˽ȥ쾳ޣǽѩԸˡ
ѹ
ǿ߶쾳ʵ½˼ĲΣѩԸ
Ȼצ޵ʵ̫ˣ
ԺѾΪЩ޵ĳѨһ·ûԺκһˣӲ˾ˣûܳŵ֧Ԯ
ѩ֧Ųס˶İצͬˮһ㣬ն֮ɱ֮ߡ

һȣ漴ֱӴܽĵһ㡣
ЩյޣתƵȥˣһ㣬ûʲôΣյġ
ԺѸٷײȥܿ죬һХԺһͷ˸İצޣɶ
ͨؾİצޣ
ͷޣ֮ǰͨؾ޴󣬷ֻǺͨצһΣȻȴȫ֮ɫͬӰӹ壡


423 
ͷɫİצޣɣ磬Զǫԡ˸һݡ
ٶȼͨؾޣ˵ʵ̫ѶԸˡ
ԺûһϢڿԺڵˣѾЩ޵ʳˡ
ǫԳ˵
ͷٶ̫죬Ǹû취ԸѹƣҲ֡
ɫΪص˵
ͨؾ˵һɼľ磬һ̤룬£˲һΣԼʶʹ½֮Ĺʦ㡣
ǰͷɫİצޣͨؾĿֲǿߣٶȼͣ
ҪϣûκηӦͻᱻɱˡ
ô죿
¹Ϊ׵λȹŮҲЩأ¹ĴʵΪǿ硢ǫԡɳԪ
ȻۿͷɫİצޣԶΧתȴû˰⡣
һȣǷ¶š
ɳԪһص˵
ڸǸƱǹˣ͸ǰ淢ʲôˣֻһԶԶʲôûζ
ǰô£ˣ
֮ƽüͷ΢ţ磬ԱЩʲôΪʵ̫Զˡ
֪ӦǴˣɳԪ죬ǫǻû֡
ۣһݹᾣɭķѻѰ˵ǵ׷ǼսʱȥȽؼȻһնɱսᵽУ
д⡣
ڵİžâ˵ͷ

е֪ͷ˵뷨
ѩһڶеȴţܹܵ͵ײöҡΡ
ͷʲôޣƵ֮죿
ԭ˧ĻɳǴʦʱҲüͷ͹Ȼײûζûס
Ȼǲ֪ǰʹ֮ԶŽͨؾޣǰҲδֹ֮
ûôȷͷܲܺ
צٶ̫ˣλȽѶԸˡ
˼˵֮ǰ޴ޣȻͨǿᣬƾ㿪֮λǰܹзٶȿޣǿɾ鷳ˣѹƣҲλǰͷޣ
ᱻͷһһ
ѩص˵
ǳĲںδһصޣһؾȾ֪ˡ
ͷڶǰ˵پǿߣٶȼ޵ʱ򣬾ûκλ֮
ȻǺѩʱ˿̶ûκΰ취ֻܶУȴͷͷȥ
ܵаצޣĵһ㣬ȴ޷ͨڶ㣬οЩ޺ܿͱۣͨͳȥˡ
ڶУǲʲôΣյģ˴ƻͨؾǿߣҪƻҲδ
ڹһӣҡԽԽȻͷѾ˶Ĺ
ҪҪȥ
ѩһۣЩò⡣
ҪͷֻЩˣȴû뿪Ļǳȥ뻢ڣ
ãǰǽˣʲôףҲˡ
ȻЩ˵
ͨ۸ܵĵһУȻɳԪ졢硢ǫԵǰ˽ӼΪǱ
һܹˣˡ
һɳǵɳԪ졢λ̫ϳϣʥԺԺǫԣԼ¹λŮһ綼ˣ˿
ѷû˳£ȻǱû̫ܵصˡ
֮⣬ѻѰ׷УԼǹڡȵڶǿҲӽ֮ڡ
УǹΨ֮ƽӵ˽һûܼ
УҲһͷûг֣ȵپǿߣҲֻСͷһ
һƺĶӣʱСͷʹ飬ȻڱʹӵĲ
ɱޣͷһȥҪҪƴˣ
Сͷʹ֣»ǵᣬ׺֮ɫ˸ƺҪȥͷƴ
ĪҪ嶯
һľǹ֮ƽ״æסСͷڳȥҲһ£Ҫβܽˡ
ˡ
ڵİʱҲֳʹϧɫ
ʮͷϣžȻͷɫצһգ۱ɱˣ˶ķѣȫʬ
òΪûڡ
ǹϣ˴еǰǾڧ
ڵִ̾˿ҡҡͷǲҪҵˣȻһº飿

˰ǰΨһ·
ȻѻѰ׷жˣһ֮ȴֱ˴˶Щġ
Ǵ˴γ֮ʤˣֻǰʥԺԸޣθģ
˲Ųȥʲôʹ½İΣ
ģԶֻԼ档
ðΣһȥɱͷɫצޣǵòκκô飡
ʱ֮˷硣

ѻѰȺ˵ķ粻ͬɳԪȼ˺ܿ챻ӵĵڶ㡣
λǰŷʲôˣ
æѯʵ
һͷɫİצޣٶȼ죬Ӧʩչ֮ͨΪһɫ磬һʱɱ˺üˡ
Щµ˵СӣǼУ֪ͷ޵Ķֱ֣ƹܽС
˭
ѩЩʡ
ǹһڵͷϣԼӣСͷĶӡһûӦͱ׳ʬ
ǫ̾һҡͷ˵ڣӦô죿
ѰλǰǷܽܣ
Ȼ͵֮ƽǵĻѯһ

ɳԪüͷ΢壺ޣȫ֡Ȼĺ϶ЭеܣһĳЩ˴˽ģǿɾȫûĽ
ˣҪԸͷޣǾһΪ
¹ĺȹ˵
ǲĻǸûᣬ𣿡
һüѵλڴһӣ޷һӣҪ֪Щͨʱʱ̿ڴ޹˵ӣ͸ǿ޸ˡ
ôһ˵Ȼʶԡ
ɱͷޣʹ½ݣûκܹѣްæ
Ȼ˼ټʹ½֮ǿޣ磬ҲֻɴһǸһΰˡ
֮ˣĻʹ½
ǸͲҶģ
ÿˣѣˡͷŰȥܿͻиǿ޳֣ǾܶйӲд
Ȼܣ
ƴڱС


424 ¹
ԼҪƴɡ
߾ӡڲͬʹ½֮ϣҲڶʶĺѣȻпֹһеķͲĿŰ
ȻʲôеԽԼҲȥΣʱȻͷڹꡣ
УǺܰȫҲǳ֮ơ
һ˵飬ǫԵ˱㶼ͬˣΨЩˬ
ͷҺͽܡ
ߺ˵
ͷͷİɣͽҲǺǾǳȥιޣΣ
һЦ
ڣ֧˫ռܹյ˵٣ֻҪṩһϢɱܽѻѰ׷иϳȥ
ȻԽͳڶԷ£ǶԷĻƾڵ磬϶޷ͳپǿߵġ
á
ɳԪ˵ͷЩƱԽԽ֣Ȼ»Žһ£ǱȽ޳ɡ
˶ͬˣ͵˵ͷֱӳŻһ֮ƽ˴ȥ
λ֮¿Уȴ˲ȻŻˮ㡪ƱĴͶǼ֮ͳΣ
֮ƽȫһ㶡
漴ԶķѻѰ׷УĶЩɡ
᲻ս
ȻһսһҲ롣
ȴȻûƱ±ҪԸͷɫצޣ˶ͨЭа˽ģѰУ˫һͬ⣬ǱͷҺֱжǸλͷޣΨһİ취λ
ⷬһ˵֮꣬ƽԼڵİˣԶһۣһ˼Ȼ˵Ļͷ
ͷ˸ͷжУǶףǲͷ޸ĻֵԼ
Ǻòӵʹ½ǿ磬Ȼ뱻һͷ޸ĵģ
ҪļƲߣҲǶѰģ⣬Ҳʧһپǿߡ
ǶԶѰҲЩˬҪΪĿ곢һ£ʱ֮ƽͬˡ
ڣɳǰλڴȥҺһ֣
ȻǺܳһʱļž
ֱһʱȻǲҪֻҪס·ڣöѰдǱˣ
֮ƽԼڵİʱ˵ͷֱ˵ģͨڴ
Ѱ֪ǺãһǵĶʱ
Ȼûս׼һͷɳ֮ȻһͨϮһߣһƷ籩Ȼ¡
һСͨУɳԪĹռͨöѰиûа취ͨǰС
ټ֮ƽˣȻֱӶסͨ·öѰһʲô
ЩˣȻԸˣ
ߣģ
Ѱһһȥʣµһͨйȥ
Ȼֻʮ֮һģ֮⣬Ҳ޷ҵǵټ
ȻֻҪУʩչֶΣƿء
ǿ쵽ˣǣ
ﵽһǫԡϺ϶У˸ʩչǿֶΣͨŻԵ
Ϊ̣ǲᱻЩݻ١
ǶѰгУԻᱻЩ˺ɷ顣
ʩչֶʱֵҲôΪ֪һǱסͻи˰Χ
¹λŮǱڸǰ·ڡ
һһ𽥽Ѱгڴ˹ȥ
ֲʱٴָ֮ƽǵˣ·ǰڵĵطŶ·
ãָӣ֮ƽ˵ǹԹӵģЩ
Ը޵ʱҲ˵Ļǻпܽͷ޸˵ģϾӵܹѹסͷһʵ
ôϴҸоڰǸϳȥ
˴ʱеȻҲ쵽˵ͼʱɫֱ䡣
ΨһıǱϳȥĻҪͷɫצޣ
Ǿ·һ
ƴһѣԲܱϳȥ
Ѱһҧݺ˵ţųһͨһƷ籩
ͨУԭ֮ƽͷžǹ⣬ռ䣬һѰڣܾǹϮ
ڣѰƷ籩Կǹ⣬ʱұƣͨ˿پǿ߱УǲҪ˵Ľ
֮ƽΪǹĹȻǷ֮
һ̧֣ĵɢӶŶѰⷽͻơ
ѰۿŶԷĵӣʱùġ
Ǻ֮ƽƴĻһ֮ƽȴ˷ʱ䡣
һ˸Χ·һ
֮£ѰΨǰźõ·ߣһ·ѸǰУ
ͷɫİצޣṳ̂ޣսսӣ˵
ڶ㣬ͳ߻ǳΡ
֮Ҫѡ񽫶Ѱиϳȥ˵ֱɱһԭ
ҪΧɱ˵Ļƾ˼ǿ϶ܹ˲ṷǽƴĻһʧɾ͵òʧˡ
ѰиϳȥĻһôǾǿǳȥͷ
뿪϶ͷɫצ޶ϣ˸պһλȸ
ûãͬè׽һ㣬ָ˽Ѱ˱Ƶĳڴ
󣬱ĳͨǰɳԪ졢硢֮ƽʮپǿߣ
ҪôȥޣҪôʮΧԼѡɣ
ɳԪ쵭ŶѰ˵
ѰжһۣӶԷп˲֮ɫ
ʮΧǱɵģͷɫצޣҲԲʲôõѡ񡭡
뿪˵ͷɫצ޶ûȤأ
ʣܺùʮΧ
Ҫ֪ĴĻܱǰǿɱһյĽֻ
ѰУȻ
Ѱתȥͨȥ
ȻУȴֱӶɳԪ졢˹λ֣Բκ뷨Ҫҳȥ


425 Ժȫ
յ׷¹򣬳˸Գһ
һΪɶ鶼ó

׼뿪ķѻѰ״ɭɫһֱӷеֱץסһѳųڴ˹ȥ
жʱһɫͷųһ͵ķҪѻѰײ
ȻѻѰϵˣһֻ̧ӳһȺɫѻ׷Żµ
һȺɫѻֱЯУڷѻѰ󣬳ڶȥ
ɳԪ졢˵УѸٴǰʧ
ǳȥˣλǰ׼
ܵѻѰ׷гȥ֮󣬶ʱص˵һһʱ߶ͷѹλһὫնɱ
£ܵɳԪ˸ԳڴȥҲһֱۣͨӽԼ֮⡣
ʱ֮⣬һƬצ£צı棬Ҫ顣
ֻϧЩؾİצޣ
ΨͷɫצͨؾޣܹһЩ𶯡
ѹ
ٶȣ߶þ֮Χɢȥܿ͸оһΪǿĴڣͷͨؾĽɫצޣ
ͷ
ֱӺ
ɫצޣʱѾѻѰץצУƺʾ
׷УѾѻѰƷιˡ
ֻϧͷɫצޣ϶֪֮ڧģץסǼһǺ˲Ͳűϳġ
ͷɫצټ֮ɳԪʮ˶ʱʼƣָطԼؼ似Žɫצ޺ȻϮȥ
ѹ£ɫצٶƺ˲٣ۿɳԪ˺ͷ̧Сͷ­˫ƺ¶һм
ͨؾޣȷʸ񣬶ʮپǿչ¶м
ȻҪʱȴһδ߶ۣѹøǿˣ
ԭһʼʱδȫʩչͷɫצޣѾӦѹµս
ڣ䲻ȫʩչʱýɫİצһ
һʹûüɳԪ˵ĹϾپǿߵĹҲת˲ˡ
ʱȻըƷΧЩؾİצޣһצ˫ѣѪ׷ɡ
ڰצеķѻѰû˻ȥ⣬лԼУһĽˡ
˼ѻѰ֣ת˲ţ˶ᱻͷɫצ޸ɱ
ʾõϰѹȣͻȻӴѹǿȣһӾҵ˻ᣬͨûüʩչ
ɳԪ졢硢ǫԵˣܵСɸԶЩȻֻ˻ޣƾȴ˶Ը޹Ҫһ
ˣҲӲá
Ҫͣ
һƲɢŶĽɫצ޾ۼȥ
ʮپǿߵǿͷɫצޣȴȻûɥͨؾǿڣʵ̫ǿˡ
֮ǰٶȱȽͨؾޣҲôһӾܹġ
һĿ⣬ֱϮ
ҵס
һҧ֪ƾʵĻֵܵͨؾ޵Ĺʱ˿̣ΨԷ
ȸչ˻Ϊһɫ⣬Լٶȷ
ֻϧֻһʱ䣬㱻ǵ׷ϣ
ȸ
һ̧֣ʩչһһйʽȻȳ﷢
һ̣ɳԪʮپǿߵĹȫûκԥĺ˹
ͷɫצޣҪһצӽȴԼצȥֻܴӰ滮Ȼ޷ɱЧޣ
ɫİצ޾һ˺Ѿˣʱƺһ㶣漴ֱ˵ĿֲУһɢΧС
ǿˣһ似У̺ſռͨؾûյġ
ݵʱڣ޵еģûκιܹ˺
һ̣ʮپǿߵĹͷɫİצֱӱ÷˳ȥǱ
룬Ҳһ󹥻˵ˣԱɫצ޵ƣ˿΢ˡ
ɱ
߶ֱӳŽɫצײ˹ȥͬһƬѹ£ֻܳźȥܣԸ
ɳԪ˵Ȼᣬ֮ƽԼڵİʱʱǰӡ
⣬ӣǹ⣬ɳ֮Ʒ籩ȵһгŽɫצ޺ɱ˹ȥ
αʮ˵ĹȫУͨؾĽɫצ޶Բ
ԭƾٶȣܻᱻǺôΣȻȴΪһȺ󱻼ΣȻˣڱμ𣬳׺ɱ
һɢУͷɫİצޣֱʧȥʺɫѪҺȫâȾѪ졣
ɫĽʬ֮С
ͨؾޣ൱ѵõĴڣĽʬ屣˵ʲôʱõء
ͷɫİצޣ֮ͬǰæɱޡޣķѵʬ壬ͬսĵ㡣
սŶԣȻҲսȽ䱣˵Ժеó
š
ͨؾޱɱ֮ɳԪ˱ѰޣϽɱؾؾޣħצ
ͨǱߡ
ǫԴǰԺİʮ԰ȴһۼڰʮ԰У޵塣
ԺĵǣгϣԺˡ
ǫһۿȥʱɫ
ͷɫצ޵ֵ£Щʬ徹Ȼûһģ漫ΪѪȣֲûκϢԭԺͱצȫˡ
죬ߣͨЩ̫Ծ
ǫԲϳǰնУܿһŤռǰɫ΢΢һ䡣
ɫҲһ䣺һͷͨؾϢá
צ޵ٶȼ죬Ǹոպò˷ѻѰ׷УżѸɵһҪһĻɲ֤ܹѹס
ƻ
һһҧֱӴ߶Ťռײ˹ȥ
Ȼһ촫ͨ״ݻ٣һö֮ǰһˮ˽ȥ


426 ɱ
ͨݻ٣ʱڲǿһϢͬһɢ
ǫ˿
ȥͶԺͱԺȻڴ͵ڶͷͨؾ޹ԺͱԺǱߣпҲһ
ǫ漴һۣȥԺǱԺȽϺã
Ժɡ
˲˾
Ŷ
ǫЩ죺һΪѡȥԺ֧ԮϾԺԺһƺЩ̫Ѻõж
ֹǲ̫Ѻãܵÿ죬ͱԺˡ
ЦһȻȥԺΪԭֻǱԺȽϽȥԺܽʡһЩʱˡ
Ҳԡ
ǫҲЦһЦԺѾǿ֦޴ݻ٣ȥͷͨؾޣһҪؽҲû󹤷еˣӦҲ˲Ŷԡ
Ӣ۳꣬ԴΪأ
һԴĿ佱һ
˰֣ɣ䣬˴ʮپǿߣֻҪֵ̫ͨؾޣӦöܹɸɵ¾ڱԺѾͷͨؾޡ
²˳٣һ
ǫԵͷڴ˵ЩؾޣͽӦɣǵĿͨؾޡ
˵ԸôͷͨؾޣզǶͨûһˣ˰
ҡͷԣɥ˵š
ôףᱻƿôʱ䣿
ǫ԰˰ֵͨǲٿ֮ûȫôͨ
԰գǫԾֱͱԺڴռɶȥִһ
ûκԥڵͷӿãΪͽѾⳡȫˣʬ嶼ûȫ
˵ͨؾУûһȴҲ㹻üЦˡ
ʥԺΣͷӸûôϡ
ڷԽԽˣѾĶ˼Ϊͽˡ
Σѹͷı֣֪Сӿɲͽһʦ;Բ˼ҡ
ȴ˼Сӿ϶ңʱҪΪͽСӶӦ˰ɣ
ֺǺǵš
ͱԺͶԺطͷͨؾ޶ѣİ£ӦúܿܽЩȫˡ

֮ʮپǿߣܿ͸ǫԣԭͱԺ֮
پ֮⣬оֻһˣһֱĺѩҲѾԺһǵطƺˡ
ȻͨؾĽɫצޱɱˣʣ²쾳ޣԺ֮УҪȥ
ѩˣԺԸµİצޣҸԺЩʬȫ
ͱԺ
̧ͷͱԺһȥֻһƬƵŨԭϼѾЩŨȡ
һŨ֮УƮŨĿ֦޵Ϣ
֪⸽һƬѾ֦ȫռˣ
߰ɡ
ǫԶ֣Ȼһ˷ǰͷһͷŨ֮С
˽Χ룬ǫԣɽ˻Ũ֮С
ȺУûע⵽ǹһ˿׺ݶ֮ɫ־ϵүү
־֮ǰ˵˳˰е׷Ȼ֪߰еΪ˭
Ϊʹ½룬־ʱһ𣬽ͷɫİצ޸ɱˡ
ڣоΣѾȥʹ½޶ᱻڵɱִ
ûκע⵽еɱ⡣
ȻɱǶô
Ҷ鷳
ɫ䣬ȴǼΪͷΪ˱־ĳʲô鶼пóġ
пֵܶʱ򣬵ȻڶԸͨؾ޵ʱпʼ˼˶Բߡ
Χʼϳֿ֦ޣ·ˮζһڻŨɶУҲüΪһ
֦޵ٶȶøĻͱԺһսҲûô򵥡
οʱ㣬ͱԺһƬѾͷͨؾĿ֦ˣǿɾͼΪ鷳ˡ
޸֮ĹĶǣͽЩȫˣȴ
žâ
ǺԸѻѰ׷Ǿǹȳ˵һ⻰϶ᱻǹĹ֮ƽԡ
Ļ֮ìܣɲڵ
ҲֻðԱ׼ˡ
Χ֦ԽԽ࣬پĿ֦Ҳ˲٣ȻֱӺɱˣŸĻŨҲɢ˲١
ûЩŨ֦޵жٶȺԾʹ󽵵ˣ˴Ŷ֪֦޵ԡ
ҪͱԺ߻ʤؼɢЩŨˡ
˶ʩչŸָɢЩŨܿ˽ʲôԵɢЩŨ
ڳ˶پǿߣԭվʹ½۷壬Ȼɵӡ
ûκ˽˾ѾҳܹɢЩŨķ
Լĸһ飬ܿ췢֣֮ЩŨѹԵĿƣ֮ĶŨɢĶ֣д󶨡
ֻҪͷųȻܽΧŨȫɢȥ
˲ǰͱԺŻǧɾ롣
ʱȻ
ҽ
ٶȴ߶ۣ漴ͷų漴һУ
ܵһΪѸٵϢԶ
˷׷һϽУŸովȽŸȻҡһ£
Ȼˣ
ɫЩѿǻȥͱԺڴȥץͷޣȴû뵽ԷȻˡ
ͱԺǧɾ룬ԷѾͻȻϮ
ӦѸ٣ҪȻһ͵Ϯǿ¶һˡ
ѸͷųͷĹȫ֮ϣʹȻҡ֮ڵľ֮ɢһƬŨҲֱɢ˿ȥ
֦ޣƺϲڻŨ֮жһ㣬˷ŶѾע⵽ˡ
ڳȥλɢŨȻʱעԱ
˵
ڳȥ⵽ͷ͵Ϯ·һ
ǹİ׷һ飬ҿɲȥ
ɢŨڳȥͷ֦͵ϮҲϢĿ
侲Ľ˵
Сֵܡ
ûǫѾֱӵͷһȥʩչֶɢŨֻҪûŨٶȲ죬һоͺðˣ


427 ͷ
ǫԵ飬õ˵ͬһ˵ķԣȻҲûʲôˡ
Ͼڳ֮ȫս鼫ḻ֮Ȼ֪ʲôʱȥʡ

ǫһ£ʮپ޷׷׳֮˳ȥ
ע⵽ǰ׷棬һĨâЦ
ϼһڴʲộһ
һ̣Ҳֱ̤Ӵ߶һ֮ЯѹΧɢ˿ȥ
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ٿ֦ڿлУҪӣһ뿪ŨķΧٶȺԾʹ󽵵ͣ޵ǿѹɲκв
ܸоͨؾĿ֦ںδ
֮һٺ俪һƬŨȻȥûܷͷǿӰ
ǾͼɢŨ
һ˵ţһ߾ΧŨеκζԼȺеİ׷
ڵ˵вΧڻŨеǿޣ
ǫԡɳԪ졢ˣʩչֶΣָŨɢȥճĿռԽԽ
ǸоȥУ¹ĻŨ˶һϮ˳գۼ䵽˺ȹǰ
¹ĴʵǷȻ׼
ʱ˿ֻȫɫ漴˻Ϊһɫ˲䳯Χɢ˿ȥȻʧȥ壡
һУȸƺڶһй
һͷֵ֦޴ӻŨгɱ͸ƣҪһٽȹɱ
ȻͷȴֻܽƬɫɢûܹȹΡ
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Ҳʱץסᣬ׷ʩչǿͷڴȻȥ
ͨؾĿ֦ޣ䲻֮ǰޡͣȴҲм¥ôߣÿһֶ֦ʮɣĿǳԡ
뿪˻Ũ֮ͷ֦޵ٶȼ罵ͣ޷㿪˵Ĺ
ʱС䷢ͨ
ǫһ䣬֮ɫнȭͷһͷԱըƻԴݻһɽ壡
ǫһĹʮȻˣȴȻûܽͷͨؾĿ֦޸ɱ
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˶ûобļ󣬵ȴȻСľţʱ׼мɽȥ
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վڴһʲôܹٶȽС
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ɱ
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Ȼһתȴǰ׷ȻһڣЦŶԼ
£
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׷ͷû뵽˷Ӧʱ˸ţЩ
ȻҲΪƬ̵ĵ飬ͷǿͨؾ֦ȴɱǰ
ȸ
̤Ψеһʱʩչȸչ˶Ϊ˰͸״

ҲʱȻС
ڵͷӣǽԼͽܣôۿıݺ
ʱһһ̧֣Ʒ籩ۣγһУϮײε
֦޵֦֣ৡͲ͸壬Ҫʱʩչȸͱһ
ĹҲֱϣڹؼʱ̷Ӧ˹һ̧֣һҫ۵ľǹ˸סһƷ籩С
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ٶʩչȸ˲գȸƣһƵһ档
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ȻһɲǣӲԶŨУͻȻһͷǿ޵ϢԸоͷѾԱ߶ãֱʱ٣Ѹײڶ֮Ʒ
Ȼеڶͷ
п𣬲ǵڶͷͨؾĿ֦ĿԼҧҧ
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Σյʱ򣬱üΪ侲
Ȼ׼߶еľ֮飬ֲԸͷ֦޵ʱǰһĻȴͻȻͣ
ֻһڵӰͻȻԽΣȻͷͻϮ޳ȥ
ͷ
һ㶣漴һ񱩵Ʒ籩ԼǰȻըͷͻϮĿ֦ޣȻһƷ籩赲ͷ
Сӣܽȥ
ЩһƬƷ籩̳дһͷȻΪסһ£
ƾͷپľ磬ܵסǿ֦޵ķһ
ͷ
һ̣ȻЩľȴΪ侲
һ£ɣֻҪƬ̣ͷͨؾĿ֦ޱΪĿ꣬ʱɾûаֻĻᡣ
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ȥһµĿյһ̤ȻУȴʼղȥסһµĳ

̤һζȻȴδ⡣
һһͬİ׷ϴɭЦ
ЦȻΧʮپǿ߶ܵһ


428 ǿ
侲һ¡
ڵ״üͷ΢壺ǰ֮ʵ̫⣬Ͼ˭ҲûϵͷͨؾޣǿУӦŽһ²Ŷԡ
ЩƨӦöϲ˵Ŷԡ
ĶŰ׷ɱ˭ܿ
µ֣ҲµпܴڵڶͷޣûµǸղ
Ȼڷžѡ֣صĵڶͷһõĻᣡ
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ʱվ棬ﲻмƾһ˻ĳСӣҵǿߣʵЦ󷽣
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Ȼǫ˵ˣҲʱҪ֣ǹĹ֮ƽͬ⡣
һ˷磬ȥɾͲðˡ
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ѣǫҲֻȰοСֵܣǰ֮Ҳûа취ڵ֮취Ըͷͨؾޡ
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ֱӴǫԵĻ˲ҲٳֶԸޣҿǺ£ҶԸ޵ʱϼһұͱһڣû˻Ϊҵˣ
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ڣΪһνС羹һ
ۼһִ֦͸ȫ򲻿ܻл·
Ѱ
ƻŽᣬҲҪȽϼһɵ˵
ڿͷޣܷ֤ЭԸޣ
ǫԲͷȥһԴ˹ؼʱҲǷǳӵʲôԹ˵ǲնɱʹ½ܵĽѡ
û⡣
˵ͷЦһ
ˣȻ֪ǫԡɳԪˣΪһȥҪϾǿ߿һһ
Ҫһ֮ƽ϶ᷢѣʱҪ޳֣˾Ѿɾˡ
⣬ҲոպȻСĸԭ
Сֵܣ㿴Ӧ㶯֣Σ
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˱ɵϼһ˵Ļοţ
ȴҡͷЦһοϹ˵ģҲŹһǾ仰ϹҲٳֶԸޣԺԼᡣ
⻰ǸǫԳ˸⡣
ǫΪʥԺԺĵȻҪȫɱ˷˳ͻҲֻܾȰ͡
ۿ̬ȼǫԷǳΪѡ
λǺαСӣ
ĻĺһСӲ˻ΪʱǰΧֻҪǽƬǻҪСʲô
˵ĲΪ̫ͣʺƿҵУҪ˵ͷޣͷͷޣʲôµģ
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Ҳ޳ɡ
ڵİɨڳһۣȻУȻܷӳǿѹ
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һʵǣƾĻɫƿΪֻҪܴ߶ˣ
ƬۣǿĹؼ𣿡
Цۣ㲻ҪȻ͹Թ
Сͷһ˸ȻҲЩ⶯ģȻҪԼƿڳô࣬ҪᵽƬۣûôס

µǫҲû취ˣһۣ̾˿Сֵܣ㽫۽ɣһҶᱣסΣ
ǫУæסѾĶˡ
λὫƬ۽
ʱ˿̣ɨΧһۣɳԪͻɳ̫ϳϣĬһԣû˵ʲô
ɳǵ˵Ҫһǽնɱ뿪˵أ˳㱣ʹ½
µȻǶ䲻վߣ൱Ҫ֮ƽˣ
ⲢǸǵѡ
¹ɴŮȻҲһ뷨׷׽ĿͶ
УȹĴЦһ˵Сӣҿ㻹ǴӦ˰ɣΪ֮ƣֻȶԸ˵ҵܺԺһ֤İȫڴ֮ҲһЩΣ
ʵϣΪ¹һĴȹŮ޸öô
¹΢ЩøУϾδѹˣǾǹ֮ѽһõ͸ˡ
ȻˣҲЭ

ЦҲμʥѡȴͱԺ֮׷ɱһ·ӵ߲㣬һƿְôͨؾޣͷǻҪЦЦ
ΪƬʹ½ù࣬޴еǰȾڶ֪ȻˣҵҪƴһƴ˭
⻰Ųһ˵ʱһԵɳԪΪ֮ݡ
˲ţɳ֮ˣƽʱԻΪɳһǿߣпͨѡΣɳǴôֻϧ޳顣
ǴԲѡ
ⷬǰ׷мЦˣƾһ˻ĳСӣҲ˵پ֮ƴһƴǰһֻҲ磬ƴ
СӣԹԽ۽ǻܿ㲻ǳ֣Сɾͱסˡ
ڵİ˵˵ʲôΪʹ½ô࣬˵޳Ϊ͵űģڣ㽫ΪƬʹ½ӦеĲʱˡ
Ϲϻࡣ
۾
벻ͷǵý֮ͷųȻ磬پǿ̫̫࣬ˣύۣ͵
ҪҲҪˣ
֪˱ǿ۵֣ղžֱȥڶˣʧû뵽ǫԵЩ˶ûվһߡ
ʵ뵽ģЩΨˣֻǫһ·ϵĺ˵Ȼĺһ㡣
ʮپǿΧţܵڶ㶼ܣΨͷų֮飡


429 
֮ƽԼڵİϲִгϣȫ
һԵǫԡɳԪ죬Լ¹ŮʱҪӡ
ǹڵ˲ͬǫԡɳԪԼ¹ŮҪʱţֻǲ䵽֮ƽжѡ
ң۸ң
ǫһɫ˵һᱣ㰲ȫ취Ϊǰ𣡡
Ȼ⻰ˣ˵˶ܽ۸
ʱ˿̣Ѿ߶ڳõľ֮飡
һֱ֮Ӵȫ»ɢ˶һ㵭֮С
֮У֮һ㣬̫Ÿ߰ͷ­
ۿһĻ֮ƽ˸һ֪սҪʼˣ
ȣ
ȳֵģȻһ۵СͷһкüöӳϮȥ
룡
״ֱһ̧֣ǹⱬȻǼöӣͬʱ֮ƽٶȱڴգۼ㵽ǰ
Ҳʱһͷ飬Ȼ˳ŵһҵľ֮Ȼ
֮ƽΪپǿߣһ̾Ҳһ֮嵱⣬Ǿ֮ͷųֱ۵Чˡ
֮ͷţÿζܽ壬ֻʱĳ̰ˡ
ǰȺپǿߣʱ϶ֻ̫Ƕ̶̵һ˲ͬʱڴƹ䶷ͷž֮ǺҶһֻһ˲ʱ䡣
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻һЩˡ
ߣ
ûҪȺپǿӲƴǳΧ˶֮סĿյֱӳԶжȥ
ȸ˲գ
ٶȣռͨڶ¥ݿڣͬʱǾ֮ͬϹ֮ƮȻ
УҲһ·̫ŵʶֵԺ֮С
һܣ֮ƽ˺ܿͻָһȴȻһˡ
Ǹȫð亹֪Լαסˣʱ˿̣׷Ȼͷȴ¡
֮ƽһȣȫ͸žǹ⣬ͬһѸ׷
ڵİ
ϣ
ʱȴһ̤ͨڶ¥ݣ¥ֱͨӳΪ֮ƽ֮ϰβƣ
ƨɺͷ֮ƽ߶ǹ⣬ȻȻһ㵭ĹĻ¥ݿڣ׾ٽһǹ׵
ˣ
֮ƽɫ
˽ǶʩչȫֶΣҪ俪¥ݿǲ㵭ľĹĻȻȴȻͽ޹
ΨÿŻῪһΣ֮⣬ֻƿ˲ܹͨڶͨ
֮ƽҪǿдͨ¥ݿڵľĹĻƾپֶΣͲõ
Ҫ֪ǵ֮õǿս
ͨؾ޵Ĺܹ˵֮ƽЩپˣҪͻ¥ݿǰľĹĻȫǳ롣

һȺپǿͨڶͨ¥ݿڣȴ޷ͻǲ㱡ľĹĻʱ
ǿɾǽˡ
Ҫ׷
ǸͻƲ¥ݿڵľĹĻ
Ҫ뿪
û߶ͨؾ޵ѹƣǳȥΨ·һ˵ͷͷͨؾĿ֦ޣ
һԶŹȥһʱ䣬ѲǵɵȽʱ䣿
ʱ䣬˵˵ȴҲ̡
ر޳ʱ򡪡ȸȥ֮ʹ½ᱻ޴ݲгʲôӣ
õġ
֮ƽ˵Сʹ½ҲвѣĿʹ½޻ȥͨˣ϶ǵġ
ҽҲҪɢһˡ
׷޺޵˵
Ǿõļƻ
ɳǳɳԪһԳԷһ䣺ˣǴȥǹڣԼʲôģѾһƬ棬޺УڴһĻ
˭뵽СӾͷų˹飬ҵ壿
ɫףǳòǽƱοʱ㲻ҲĬǵ뽫ǿᵽ֣
ô˵¶ȫŪġ
ɳԪһʱö㣬ʱ̫ãɳǱȻСʱҶҪͷ­ն¡
вɫӲ԰ˣ֮ƽһԣļ򣬲΢һ㡣

ڶپǿ߻ʱܵڶʱ˿ȴˮȵ
Ժ̫ʶȻֱҪȡĿȨ
ȻҪȡҵ塭
־Ϊᶨҧأȫ𣬾¥ݿͷȻʹࡣ
Ժдһһĵʹ־ᶨʱпֲܼס
ǿƥ̫ʶѾռд뽭ɽͷԶЩˣͷųľ֮飬ͷƮȻţԵüΪ졣

ŭһȴȫ޷̫ʶԺĽ
̫ʶǴӾӡϴܳģȻˡ
޷Կ̫ʶ뵽һԵԴͷҲŵľӡ
˫֮У¶һ֮ɫִӾӡռȡһѴ̵ΪѵŶ˫ֵĿȨҪʼԼŵƤ
ƺǲľٶԺе̫ʶֱҪٿ˫֣Ȼȴƴֵ
Σ̫ʶȡԼĿȨ򣬼㡰ܻţҲѾǰˣ
ҹ
ȫѣͻΪᶨ־֣ŷĴ̵ֱӴԼƤ
Ȼһ׵˸ֱӵסеĴ̵
̫ʶȻѾڵ׷Ҫ̵Բж
ʶԽԽģ
Ȼ˫֣ȴԽԽͬʱʶΪᶨ¶˶׷ĿȨһһʹ׻Թȥ
ȴ֪ʱһԣҲ޷ѹˡ
ǿʹѵĸоٴο˫֣ŵľӡȥһΣ׷ûг֣һ̵̽ţӡıԵλá
ѪŴ̵
ûκԥֱһģ̵¹УʱѪעȻõľӡȴڱ
ѵ꣬Ҳܲסȫµʹ࣬һͷԵڵأ˹ȥ


430 Ϲ
֮䣬ʶ·̫ʶЩ΢Ľڡ
ھӡ̫ʶԴͷԽԽȻ˹ȥȴʶ̫ʶԿ
ö֮ȻЩ̫ʶںϣ˵ǽ̫ʶԼԺ֮С
ʱһ·̫ŵļ䣬Ժ֮С
ԭ̫ʶȻǾ֮һʶ˿̾ˡ֮ڻ֮䣬һףȴ򴥷񷨣ɱ
Ȼ֮Ϊףȴûô׳ĳɽ֮иգ˾Ĳ䡣
ĲÿһˣŶоӡӡУھ֮һʶֻҪͷž֮һһƾ֮ʶ᳢ռ
ڣ˾֮ʶֵ
ڸԼ״ֻ;ĲЩͬΪŵľӡǱΪȥģ
˷Ȼû˾ӡȴںһƾ֮ʶԺС
һ̶ϣһƾ̫֮ʶȾӡǿᣡ
Ĳսʿ¶ûŵľӡѵģϾԾĲսʿ˵ӡҫ
ڱ֮һʶ֮Σõļвûκؼ䡣
õ䣬磬֮ǰһЩ似
űȻֻǾ֮ʩչ似Ϊļ似
ڴļ似֮ϣȻиǿ似ֻϧЩ似ļ䶼ȫ
ϲǣںƿһƾ̫֮ʶоȻʩչűк֢ķ
ֻҪ΢ıһ·似Ͳˣ似似Ȼ棡
ǰһ
űԭûк֢ڣµõļڵѾܹʩչһУ彩Ӳĺ֢
֮ǰõΪʲôȱݣͲ֪ˡ
һ㣬Ҳڸ似ʶ˲ֹһ㣬·ĲͬЧ似ԡ
Ȼоʱ
ģѾʮ֮һؼԭʼԭ壬ֻɸ壬Ϊ֡ͼȵ̬áÿһģΪͬԣıǰӰĵһ֡
ģڸˣҲףҪģĻҪõĿӡȥ֮Դ
õļУ֮ԴȥĵطҪһģΨеõĿӡС
ĿӡȻɣǳĳĵˣӡú׵򣬶ǰ֮Դ
Ȼ֪֮ԴʲôطȻεܹӴģʮ֮һģѾ֮ǰʮֹ
һԼͷĵĻܹһٺɱ˽پǿߣ
ңֹЧҪıЧ
磬֮ͷųֱӽپǿ߶һʱ䣬սпܹʤġ
˫ۣоһˬȻĵ߲ռ룬Ũľ֮Χš
ڸЩŨľ֮Ѹٵʮ֮һ
ˣ̧ͷΧȻܹٿ߲еľ֮
ϵĸо
һϲĸܵȻ֮УһսϹһĸо
ȻǲȱϹżս켶սҪǿΡ
ԼϹ֮󣬱õйϢϹżս֮ǰûĴڣӼпԵ֪Ϲżȴļһ㡣
űǴļ似ǲȱϹżսʹ½ϵ޸붼벻Ķ
ĸп
켶ս֮ǰõĽӡʹ½֮˵ѾǼΪĶˡ
켶ս֮ϣдļսϹżս
ȻѾȱΪϹżսҲʲôؼ켶սҪǿ̫ˡ
ҵԼϹܹ֮֮ڣ͸۲쵽ˡ
׳ʿľͶԼĲ̣ӭԼɱ䡣
ںϾ֮һ̫ʶʮ֮һġϹڣܹ޼ɵʩչű޹˼ɵͷž֮飡
ôƬ̣ս˲֪ٱ
ңѾһƾ̫֮ʶɣںϣƺҪǰģ̫ʶռˡ
ӣʱŹȥһ
һɳԪپǿߣͷ۲ݡ
֮⣬֦޽ΧرͷͨؾĿ֦ޣһһƺڵȴʲôĵ
ȸǿݻ𣿡
һȡ
ʱ˿̣ȻʵǣȴҲԲܴﵽͨؾսĳ̶ȣֻپǿߣǻᱻоͱɱ
Ͼ̫ˣ˫ܹõط༫
Ϣǣڿڲ߶ڰзˣҲϹ
ȿͨˡ
ʱ߶ԭͱԺڵĵطɶȥ
Ϲܹ֮ܵÿһϸڣÿһ䣬ܹͨӵһ㵽߲㣬ȥá
ڱָʹٶȵȻҲ֮ǰࡣ
ͷͨؾĿ֦ޣƺû뵽ֱӶЩ⧲ȴǺϢֻԶԶš
ֻƬ̣ͷޣƺǲǰеķͨ
ʱͷ޷ĳ˹
Ŀ֦֣裬ȻסһͷסһͷסҪǰС
ͬʱԱߵؾؾ֦ޣҲ׷׷˹ʸϡ
ǿ޷߶ǰ
ϾͨؾĿ֦ޣһˡؾĿ֦޲סƾ޷ֵ
һ̣ûǰȥԽԽԶĵط˿ȥ
һ
ҲʱȻΧĻŨУųһɫĹ⣬˲佫ƬŨɢȥ漴ͬɫ磬ɶ˲䴩͸һͷͨؾĿ֦ޣ
УͨܵһĻʱ۾
ˣһнͨؾĿ֦޸ˣ
ʹ½Բκܹһ㣡ѵǰ֮ˣ


431 ޿
ǵɫ͹⣬ͬһɫ磬ɶ˲ɱͷͨؾ֦ޣͷ̲סˡ
ȷ֪ʹ½֮ߴһܹһ㡣
ɻʱһźɫȹŮӻŨɳֻһ̧֣㽫Ũȫɢ˿ȥ
ϸ۲һŮ
ϺɫȹʼΪ⣬ƺĳǿս͸ǿϢЩƣǴûȹս
ǶĻ˭ƶȹģս
Ů߶ϴһöɫӨĶöɫΣէһֱۣע⵽ˣںϵ̫ʶǶһ򵥵Ķ
ɫȹ£һ˫ѩ׳Ⱦ¶ڿУ̲סЩƲߡϿȥԼɫȹŮȻȴ͸ЩǸ龫ֵӡ
ڳһ˫еӰ·ͷ֦ޣԳЩζɫ
Ůòʮ꣬ɢϢȴĵȷȷͨؾϢ
ͷ𾪣ȴδֹͣ˼
ۿɫȹŮ֣һͷͨؾĿ֦޵עû߶ʹ䳯ͱԺٶǰС
ͷͨؾĿ֦ЩҪȴǺɫȹĳŮסһ̧֣ɫĹһϮͨؾĿ֦޸״͸
ŮǰͨؾĿ֦ȫһ֮С
ͷ֮󣬺ɫȹĳŮҪٶȽ׷ϡ
ƴ߶ܿ͵ͱԺʮ԰ڵأֱӳɢŹϢͨײȥ
ꡱһѣͨΪһöˮ˽
߲УۿöͨΪˮһ·ǰ֮ͬǰѼǼųһ
ЩˮÿһöԻһͨǺĶ͵õĿš
ԺԺٵԺԼڵͱԺܹݻͨҲ͵õöˮ
ǰöˮУǸܵһַǳ·ͨöˮԵﲻͬռһ㡣
ѵǿռ
š
ʹ½ռս٣ΨһֵؾǿߣʸӵС
Ȼöˮ̺Ȼȿռ䴢ս̺ĸǿǸ߲εĴڡ
û̫࣬ǽֱӴ߶Ϸ
ͷǺɫȹŮ̫ǿᣬǱҪĻϣȻͱԺͨؾѾɱͨҲݻ٣ôЩȥͶԺ˵ɡ
ɫȹŮٶȿ磬һ̱ѾϴЩζͺ֮ɫȴҲûж֡
һ룬һֱһȦ漴̤
ǲ̫̤ɫȹŮһ׵׵̤࣬Ȼ⵽ʲôѹơ
״ʱЩͷۡ
ȻͨؾĿ֦ɱˣӦûʲô⣬Ӧȥ
ţ⣬ۣͨǺɫȹŮ
λѣʹ½ޣʲôݣ
ЩɳƣЩʣ˲̫ɫȹŮ˵⻰Ȼ⡣
ȻǺɫȹŮˡ
Ȼܱƿˣˡ
ɫȹŮĶܳ𣿡
ƺûʲô⣬Һܽ˿
²ܣʲôֱӾ˵ɡ
ֱ˵ľܾ˶ԷļҪ󣬾Էûе⣬Ǳ뾯裬˭֪Ů᲻һҪ
㲻غ£޿Ŀ˷ܵ͵ЩԹû뵽ͨͨؾ޶ܹˡ
ɫȹŮ˵ţͬʱϴڣΪӣ޿źǿѹϵĻ˵˸߽ͨؾޡ
޿͵
ŮĻ˵Ϳˣ޿ʲôط͵ѵ˵ʹ½
ѵ˵һֱΪʹ½Ȼֻһ죿
͵Ƭǧ֮ڵأʵϣֻ޿ڵһյˡ
ɫȹŮҲν޿˫г˵޿ͳϽϰĸյ졣
ԭ
漴ʵô˵޿һˣ
˵֡
޿һЦҪô˵ԲԼĵطȻֻһ졣㲻ˣ֪磬ƿļһ
Ҳû
ֱӵѵ˵ÿʮһεĴѡΣ޿˷ģ
ѡǰɡ
޿ûô¶Ǽ˵˵ôƿģ
޿ɷ棬֪й޿¡
ȴûлشԷ⣬
޿һ㶣漴һЦ޿ô뱾˵ģ㵹ͷһ֪ԭһˡ
⻰˵ģ൱ƣ޿ƺǸ˲õĴڣ
ʹ½ԭֻһյ죬ǧΧ
޿ͳϽŰʹ½ڵϰյ죬Ҳ˵ϰٸʹ½磬Ǳ޿Ͻ
ɫȹŮȻ޿ĿȻͲһˡ
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳ㣬һ죬㻹ǵùԹԵҡ͵ϣʣһͨһǰˣΣ
޿Ҳûǿת˻˵
á
Ӧ˶ԷҪһȥޣȻʲô෴˿ͨؾ޿֣ԸʣµӦûʲôˡ
Ȼǵÿ֮æʹ½Щ˹Ķǣϲ⣬Ҳڽʱϵôá
ţȻͲ޿Ѿ뿪
ǰͷ·һƶǰٶȱü졣
һŮһͶԺķ򼲷ɶȥ
һУͨڶڴڶپǿߣǾȻ۲ݣвˣѾں֣
ǲ˼Ѿµĺˡ
۾뵽
Լ͵Ϯ˲ֹһΣЩʧ޿æҪЩپˡ
޿飬Щپ֪
ܿ죬ͶԺǰͨϹܵ˴ͶԺǿϢ
ޣ
һ뵽֮ǰͬһ̯һȺ¥ͨͷһ֡


432 
޿ٶȼ죬һͷײǰһƬڵĿռ䣬ͬһֻѵĺں
߶ϣܿоײ˲ޣֻЩ޶ʬ塪һλ޿һӱܺɱһƬޡ
Χŵ赲ߣһԽԽճͣٶԽԽ
ã޿Ĺ⣬㽫Щŵɢȥ
һ·̹;ͨͶԺİʮ԰λãڿҪʮ԰ڴʱͻȻͷͨؾ޴дֻܳΪʮ࣬ŷǰͷ޿Χȥ
ѹ
ٶȽͷֻʮѹסʱʹʵ½һ뻹ࡣ
޿龫ֵһЦСһ̧һĹγһֻƣһͷ޵ķȫץס
ޱ
޿֣ͷ޷ֻɵʮȫĹը˷飬һͷͨؾޣ޿С
ʵҪҰæɡ
޿ǿֲǿսΪƣּսУһ˻ļһﲻʲôæ
ȻܹѹޣԸޣ޿Ҫѹƣ
ʹ½ԭ͵͵Ǳ޿ͳϽ˵ʹ½޿ϵ
ţҪҪһ޿ӶСæ
ڶʮǰ̤֮һأ׳أûϢ
Ҫ̤׳أ׳һ֪ȻðʧĽУ޿֪Щй׳ص飿
ôʱǰ޿һ̧֣Ĺⱬɢʱڶͷͨؾ޳׺ɱ
֮ǰУͻȻӿ޾ޣؾģҲؾģ֪Ƕ֣Щ޻ƶĳ޿ʸȥҪס
٣ɱ٣
޿ЦһûнЩ޷ϣһĹɢһȺ޳׺
𡣡
ȴû˷ʱ䣬ֱӴ߶Űʮ԰зײȥ;ͷޱײ⣬ϣóһ̯ཬ
ȻѾͷͨؾ޽˵Ҫͨٵĳɹ
޿˵һ˻ֻǳйģ˵ȴǹغҪһսݲ˿
̫Ծ
߶ǰһ˳ǧ޵Ϯܿմ࣬ճͣǰٶȼԺԲˡ
֮ǰʱҲû˶ޣηҪס
ҾеŹ֣ǲҪˣ콫ͨݻٲǡ
룬Ǳɱ޵޿
ãȱһ·ɱȥ
޿һЦźɫȹŮͬһֻѺۻȺ裬ܿ㽫Щ޶ɱһɫ⣬ǰ
;Ȼȴ޿һ̧Сɨɾ
Ķ΢üͷ
СѾͷɱͽ޵ȤأʱĻ˵ͻʲô⡣
ٶÿ㣬Ѿȥˡ
ֱ˵Ĵһߡ
ѾȫմȾһճԶ޷һľ롣
Ҫߣзִ硭
޿Ĵߴ٣൱Ȼ仰䣬ǰͻȻһޱǿȻϮ
Сģ
״ʱһٶȴ߶߲ľ֮ȫɢ˳
˲ƿЩճֱͣӳ޿ǰֵȥ
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433 Ů
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434 
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رɫò԰


436 
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437 Ҷ
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ΧΧŵУһһǿߣ⻹˽پޣݼΪǿҶֺ͹žǲŲǶ֡
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ң׺Ϊҳɿֵܱ𡣡
׺˸һҫ۵׹⡣
˵ʵҳɿĸѾˡ
˵ңҲס֡
Сӣţ֪ŵʱĶƾ˻Ϊ
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£׺˷·һ׵Χ漴Ϊһ׵˲Ϯǰ
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£ȴͻȻ
ЩͲʱһ׺ĲҽѾ˳һ׳˶׵Ȼײ˲ԶĽֵϡ
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ԽԽ䣬漴£һŲȫ׹׺ϣ׺׹ֱϨ˿һһѪ
һĻȫ˶۾


438 ɱ˭ǿ
˳ʱ򣬱ܹμ˻ɳǴȣԿ˻ǿĹžֵܡ
̤˻ڶԿ޵ĹУɳ࣬˽پ׳׺ֻһб㽫ܡ
Ѱ£˻˽پޣ໥˺üܿԽܶ֡
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439 ɳӰ
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Ҫ֪ǰͷɳ֮ǿ۳ģѾɳ֮һ似۷徳磡
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⣬ķ򣬹ⱬ
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Сߣصġ
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԰ôˡ
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ͬʱƬռ֮У֮ƬռеĶΣʵѹɡ
һǳǳľӰ𽥳ǰΪٶȶ˲٣ʱȫͬ
һը죬ǾУʵѹƵԽԽ

ЩܲˣѹƵĸоǳˬʱŭһɫذһ˦ʱü⳯Ϯɱ
ֻϱڣ
һֱֻϱڣʱ⼸⳹׷˹ȥ
ͬʱԻȪֻжʱӰεĻȪ֮飬ŻȪ֮·֣ѹ֮£ʱûκη
Ǽȥĵ⣬ȫ»˺üǳһ˺ۣѪ˳
У֮ڼѹƵء
ۿһȭϮжʱֳޱȷɫŭԣæ


440 ս
ִЩŭһԹսɫһ䡣
ȻܸܵһʽǿϾûбڣ޷̫еĸܵõ
Ϊ϶ܶԸһ˻أȴû뵽ھȻŭԮˡ
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ҪҲҪõóؼ˵ҩУڵؼ˵ҩõʲôˡ
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Ц˵Ҫ֪ÿط֮źܴһõĻǷ໥ų³Ҫ˵ԸˣԼŶܵˡ
Сӵ츳ǱϵҪɫˡ
ӳ̲סпһ䣬ȴɫһʱһԼ˵
ⲻñ鷳
УסһɻɳĻɳȴͷɳ֮ϺƬɫɵĻ
ġ
һ̣ʱͷųĵһӴӳʧ
ͬʱȪ֮ѩ˫ѹƣҲһɢ٣һɫĻҲΪû֧Ŷֱ
ȥĶˣ
ӶʦԣڰУ۾ϸ۲ΧУȴζҲӰˡ
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Χ۵ȺޣԼҡžֵбӳϵˣĿɨ¥գûҵκһ˿Ӱ
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˶û뵽ںԼսʱ򣬾Ȼע⵽¥ڵ
źۣȫݵӣȻҲǼΪ⣬벻ȻֱŶ룬¶ͷ˵ǰ


441 Ļ֮
¥Ůӣֽӹźеĵҩű㱻Ȼһ߿
Ůӣʱһǵģ˵˵ҩҶԡ
ۿͻһĻ˵Ҷ֣̲סЩȡ
С꣬˭ǻɳǣΪźۣҼˣ
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㵨Ӻܴ󣬾ȻҲ͵ƾʵ޷ֹһеķ
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һѪǰУǱĽ˹ﺰ㻹Ҫ𣿡
⻰һԽɫ΢䡣
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442 
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ʱҶǷöҩ˭ɲͷϣ
ֻϧһըˣæȴδ֣Щ
֪ԼǱˣΪûдĿģҶŪ־
ⷬƻʧܣ˵ֻݻһ¶ԸҶְˡ
ڳ˵⣬ͼҪ
㲻ɱҡ
Ǳһҧ˵
Ϊʲô
һЦ
ƱϯʦɱңƱǾԲŹģ
ɫ׺ݵ˵
Ʊ˵ѻѰжУʤǣ
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⻰ó𾪵
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ֻǣô֪ģ
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Цһǳ
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컪ǿߣԸһ˻СආȻʹ͵ϮֶΣЦ
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ΣҲڰиֳ˱֮ססڳС
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׺ԣԼʦ
ˣһһǿᣬȻ£ȴûܳŵסһ°ܱ


443 ɱ
һо󣬶ԵޱȵĲʵ
ڰ֮УУһ־η
֮飬ͷͬԶo䣬ǿѹΧ˶ҺҶһ¡
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ѹʱѾ˳ȥڵϣпѪ

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ֻ׼ӵȴ֪ܹͷž֮飬˲嵱
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նǰֳн˵صǰ
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Ȼŵһ仰ȴͣж
һߵڵѪһ߿˵ɱңҲѩˣ
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ʵоͣš
ѩ˷ֱ֮ǰԺЩؾؾޣӦòʲôŶԡ
Ϊһ˻ˣѩȴӰ
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ţɵըˣʱҪıһöؼ˵ҩˣǳϣ϶еؼ˵ҩ
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ҶֶС곹ûϣʵС겻ǳȻŮ˰ˡ
߰ɡ
գҶѡС뿪
Ҷ仰ž͹ˣ㽫Сſˡ
Сûκԥת뿪ˡ

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ǰе㽫°ɡ
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Сӣ˵ɳ蹬ԺǣڶУ
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444 Ӷƻ
ڱӳϽڻɳǹȥбҪǰɳԪ콻һ
֮ǰšջīԦ죬뿪ͱԺȻҲܻȥˡ
˵ڻɳǡ
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ŶԴΪھΣͱԺŻȥΣ˵ɹΪѾҲΪأȴ֮ʱз
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ǾͺãСΪϡ
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ջīҲһ·˿˵
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磬նɱУնɱǹȵȡ
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رǻɳǣ޳ʱ򣬸պıƣȴԼ
컪ǿߣҲǲɶõģһһɳǣһʧ˲١

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ʶǱУҶбĿɳԪ촫ȥ
СΨɳԪһδֻۣһͷʾԼˡ
ţ㽫ɳҵɳԪ˵һ飬Ȼڸʧأ֮󣬿ж뱣֤ǵİȫ
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ȻӦûͱԺԸޣһ޳Χ
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٣ƱǿȥģĻƱڵĸԴȫܹѹλǿɲ˵Цġ
ңѾǰͨ˴ѡ뿪ˣɳϣ´λ֮ǰѳʲôϢ
ЦŴȥ
ϢɳԪһ㶣漴Ŀϲ
СӣȻǰͨ˴ѡΣ̫ˣô˵ⳡ޳Ľ֮йˣ
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һֱȻڽ޳ͷûܰ˵ļԸһжĿõġ
ܹ𣬶ڻɳǣһõ飬Ҫ֪֮ߴ֮У϶ǺͻɳǹϵΪеˡ
Щ֮㽫ʶ
һɳԪһˣгˣپǿߣ֮ڿȴš
Ƕ֪޳Ѿء
СֵܣȻӢ۳ּ꣬仯ʹ½Σ򵥣򵥰
ڷɳԪһ̲סЦ
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漴ɳԪһԱ߾ۼջīšˣһɫСֵģȻѶһɳǣǱ϶¡
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˵
кͬߣɱ⡣
ɳԪ˵׺֮ɫһ˵ԸԼ˵Ļأ벻ЩӾȻҲڣԼ˶֡
ѾˣԣӹЩˡ
üͷ΢壺ǽǵȫɳǵʵɾͻ½١
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ɳԪһ֣Ȼ֪ȡ᣺ƽʱһЩ᲻ãǼȻлȥӶƱôһЩ˲ųҲǲѵģЩ֮ˣǲɱɳǷ

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֪֮ѡϵϢɳԪ֪ô˵ĻɳԪ˵ǱӵˣΪùӵе߸ʹ½Ƶʵ
ضǿ֮ˣɳԪ㽣ֻϧѾԵüܹ̤֮ͨؾп뿪ʹ½ǰ硣
⣬ȴ顣
ţδʲôˣȥ̽һ˵Ҷ֣ȻϢɳԪıһŭֱӽȫУ״ԡӹ⣡
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λڷߣһصɳǣʱɳ֮Žһ֪ƱϢʱȫҰĲ
ҲҪ
ǰ
ĬĬţգƱıⱤ֮λȴѻѰǴ۶ᡭλͽƱ㻹Űɣ
Ʊ֮ǰ磡
ڼɳԪɳļƻǰӶƱʵûһ㻵ġ
Ӷ㹻ԴҶֵ˵ʵҲøѸ١


445 
ɳԪܿһȺˣֻҪһپǿߣȥԸȺ׵ƱȻ
ڻɳǵ̫ϳϣȻУʱûг
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û˻Լ£֮ƽǫЩپǿߣȻˡ
ûȷ޳Ѿȥ֮ǰǲð뿪ġ
кʦϢˡ
ɳԪճãҶ߱˵õ˺ѩϢҶĶΪܡ
ںѩͦкøеģٴŮڶԿ޳Ĺһֱߣվ⵽Ķ֣ʧ١
ʦںδ
Ҷֹ˲ԼδȬվ֮ʵ
ɷ֣˵м컪ǿڿš
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Ǳ߱˵ȸɷʲôطɡ
δشҶֵĻȻѩץɷ֣ǱǰȻ
㲻УҲˣֻԿһ취ġ
Ҷּ̬ȼ˵ͷͬˣʼɷֵ˵˳

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ߴԼ֮ޣϲѰǿʵ
ɳǺʥԺɳǺƱȵ֮ìܳͻΪɷĳͻ
Ʊ֮ˣɷ׷ɱ֮ˣǵŭԹΪˣƱûʲôøС
ɷָǽһɷǣⲢһУȻɳСö࣬ȴɷָΨһһŵĵط
̤˻֮󣬶ͻʮҲʲô£ܿҶһ˵ʮ֮ϡ
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ԶԶȥɷϿգƮһϢϢԽǿһԵɷ֣ԽŨ
طǻԵɺϣеǿԵõٶ
ǰأȻһϤŮЦŴĶС
濣ôҲˣ
һ֪޿濸Լ󣬵ƾΪȴҲ濵ټ
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ȻֶԸʹ½ϵˣΣգȴֽܹߵġ
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ԽǿɷǣҶ־ԽǽţоͰ˲ڵУԼʥԺĳ컪ǿߡ
ԭʥԺҲзݡ
۾벻Ȼô֮н滹ǹֻϧھԵʵѹǰôȲ
Ҷ֣ˣɣֱϵ㡣
߶ۣۿռҶֱӽ㡣
ȻԼʩչģϢķɽ˹ϵɷС
ɷȻɳô󣬵ʷȴȻɳǸƾãѾ֮ˣһֱΪǰɷ̽յ޵֮ء
˵֮еĽ޾ۼأߴĵɷ֣Ҳɷס
ʩչĵûκֵܹǱɷС
ɷǲȥΣĴܿͷ˺ѩټ
ʱĺѩѾһջУջУкü컪ǿߣüͷŽ̸ʲô
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һ۱⼸֮еƺвɺһ
ԭʥԺİֱƺ
ƺ㹻³ɺޣʮǰǱƺ˵ôһֱ޷ͻơ
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δȻܹǱߺѩһȴҲᱻЩ˷֣ʱҪܿɾͲˡ
ܵĻҪһˣʣµľҪöԸöࡣ
ˣȥΣ˿ջ֮⣬Ȼƺֻвʮɾ룬Էȴ޷ܵĴڣ
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ǻұΪȥƱ˽ܱսǱһٶСеû뵽
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⻰˵һ͵ŵʱȻˡ
УƺˣҰֻǻɳǵĵĴҪһ
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ǲ֪ںδǷƻ֮ǰ㣬Ѱ֡
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˵ҲǿЦ־˴⣬һϷӸϵˣֻүүһ𡭡үүôҲپϼһڣǺô١
ƺ޺޵˵ıֻЩִƣֻˣܴʹ½磡
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ЦһҪģǴƺƿ
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ЦǣνţȻڽƣҪƿʹ½
ˣһȺҰĺäĿԴ֮ɵ֯
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Ȼ˾Ҫ׼жѩȳˡ


446 
ֻʮ֮һʱ˿̣Щ˳ԱûһܹĴڡ
͹۲Χջڽڶ࣬ͷų֮ĻܹѸײڶ֮ƣɱ֮еһ岻
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Ȼ˵ɷһЩԵǰдһ¿Ƿʲôջ
ţûȥУ컪ǿߵ̸ֱ¥ȥֱӴӴ˺ѩڵķ䡣
ʱ˿̣ɫŮӣŵڴϣҲ֪ô¡
뷿УһѱѩȻŴշ˳ȥ
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ܿ̽һºѩ״̬˿
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УƺһȣԶԶƨɺ棬ɾ롣
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ڵľ֮飬ʱ˿˰״̬Ȼ޷ֱͷų
Ϊƣ޷ͷž֮飬컪ƺûʲôʤ㣬οƺڽ׷ᡣ
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ЩľΪڵԶĻƺǸҵһɽɷֵټ

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ڱټ֮㽫Ҷִ˳Ͼɷ֣Ҷֿ϶ҪϤĶࡣ
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ɷУľֲԳƻһˡ
Ҷִ΢ЦָָһԵһ
ûô⣬ȻҶ˵ˣǻһºˡ
һɣһֱ̧֣һˮ˹ȥŵˮп͵Ϯ˲֮ϡ
ѰľҪ˵ŵˮˣڵһȭܽɷ顣
Ȼǰŵˮеĺ֮£ֻЩƣЩƣˮ֮󣬻ԼٶԶָš

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ڴɷΧ֮Щľ̸ڣ໥ƣҪɷΨͨխ·ߡ
Ҷּ˵û˿ͻЩľɵȻǽڣΪپǿߣһȥ޷ݻЩľġ
Ǿȥɷɡ
ǰһطĴ˷ïʢ˵ɷʲôҲ˵
ܶ˶ô룬ȴûܷʲôġ
Ҷ̯̯֣εҡҡͷǺͷǼ׷׼εֵ
ҪԵֵ
ҡҡͷ޳ҲˣѾв˷֣Ѿȫ顭Ȼˣɳǵλ̫ϳϣҲһˡ
Ȼû취ͷų֮飬ûҪԼȥԿƺˡ
˵ϺԸ׷
Ҷһ㶣Ȼ¶ϲɫ⵹ǲҶ֣ҵҲĵˣĵˣƺúܲҰ
ҿǴûҪǱˣκЩ۵ļһԸңȻˣҵȻŵġ
һЦ

ԸǣƺУ;ǹƱһŽɷС
ԭĴĴ㣬û뵽ǣǸսɷ֣һˣ۾վǰǣ
һĻƺ˷׷Щ١
Сթ
ƺСĽŲվɱȻվûӴܣֻֿܡ
һԾ޷˵׷ɱҪͶ
Լĵƣ˿֣
ƺô룬ǵڶֿܱȽ϶ࡣ
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ȻߣɢپĿֲƣȻǻɳǵϺϣ
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447 
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Ϻϣ˶پǿߣ컪ܹԿģܹˣҲܡ
ΨһģǷֱ˭ᱻ͸ˡ
ֻϺϳֵͬʱƺٶȳĸ뿪ȥ
Уƺңһǹշȥ
һƱ꣬һźɫӰ۶ȻҪץסҪΪʣ

һЦò˵Ʊźӡ
ϺϵΧٻ˱ܣҪȷԼסΨһ;Ҫץס
ȻƱļһȴ̫͹ˡ
ģ
ɢͬʱȸ˲յٶȣ˲˷ڴӭȥ
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پǿãƱĺ겻ʾһ׹⣬ǿĵ챮Ȼ׵ʱȫ
Ϊ컪ǿߣƱĺ꣬ʵ൱ǿ䲻ɱǿ
ֻϧԵپϡ
ٵپǿߣʩչķɱ컪ǿֹһ㣬Ǻȫ׹⣬ɳֻ֮һȥ㽫Щ׹ȫڻɳ֮УȻ
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ץסǹ꣬һǱȫѹס޷°֡
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кâһ
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λϿĵл
Сֵܲؿ
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ϣȻ֪Ѿ֮ѡУԲŻ˿ҺԥͰ컪ǿߡ
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λϣҶֺͺѩˣʧԼǰ֪ȥ·;Լһˡ
С濻һԣʲô飬С벻ְ
Ҳܽϣϣȥ·϶ÿԼС
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448 ɫ
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Щľ̸в˳Թ飬ضûκܹģϡ
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ⳡ޳Уǵõ˲٣ʥԺȴʧء
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453 д迪ʼ
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454 ͨ
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455 徽
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·
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·İΪǺӣԼطĴˣĶ·
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458 
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һֱЩɻУÿ±᳹ʧС
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459 ʥ
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ÿ޵ıԶͬϳ̶ҲͬҲ֪ģʲôԵܹѸٽա
ţܿʼЩϼĺ

ʥɽȵʱɫȹС濣һסͥԺſڡ
֮ǰ죬ÿ춼ÿζûдš
죬ٴǰҪûпգǰɽȵ似ѡһЩ似
סͥԺſڣȴˣ
Сʱüͷ


460 Ѱ
ұӵеͥԺѯ˾סڵͨС֣ƽ
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ʥôˣЩȻһ𣿡
ƽȥֻɽеɫȫһ𣬾Ȼѻһ״ƽǰδ龰

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ڿʯûʲôȤ
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տľСӣɶؾ쾳ޣûκݵıŽȥ»ᱻЩһ۸ء
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Ԫףһĵϸֻϧȴֻ΢ЦֵİţȻĵԭԼǺء


464 ͺӥС
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룬߿Ϊ˷ֹɽǱߵ˵ߣŵϢȥΪ˷ֹѰʲôġ
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ԪĻЩȣ벻ħɽɽ˼ӲȻ쾳ޣֻǿ俪
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о


465 ⱦ
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ӲȲͬħɽĲʣ㲻ʲôĶϣļӲΨؾǿߣпһѺۡ
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аԾ裬Ȼɽһ·ȥ
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ҡҡͷʱûж룬ҪģǾܶĴӶڳ
ɫڣûκ˻⣬Ҳܹռ˵ԭ
ɢɫ󣬱һһ´̽ƬɫУܿһƬɫӽС
ͬʱõöȭͷһСⱦֱ꣬С
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СôŪģ棬⵹Ǳˣ
üΪ˷ܵС
һǵԪСӣǲֻǸܵЩⱦɢ˹
һպüгһöĴָСⱦ꣬ʱиֳ̰


466 ɱԪ
ϵЩ˺пܹû뵽ô죬һպÿⱦꡣ
۾룬ѾõöȭͷСⱦ꣬öĴָСģ͸ЩһҲûϵϾطô˵ͺӥСӵĵ̡
Сӣ꽻ıļһܹӵеġ
̱һӥǵޣݺݵ˵
ͺӥСӵĵ̣﷢ֵⱦ꣬ȻͺӥСӵġ
һ˸̰֮ɫ˵

ûʲôԥֱӽеⱦ˳ȥܿ䵽˺˵Ԫϡ
Ԫ΢΢һ㶣漴ܵⱦϴŨ漴Ҳ಻סɫϲ
Сô϶й
˭֪ӥǵȴȻһݵ˵ϴСӿµõ˲ֹһöⱦ꣬ǿɲܸɻˡ

Ԫ˵һɽֵܣ뽫֮ȫͺӥСӵĵˣ
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˼ڿܣ̮ˣʬǶ񡣡
Ԫݵ˵һԹʣҲʲô¡Сֻǽ԰ȴδҲδԸʲôɼ䲢ʲôҪ֮ˣɱҲʲô
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Ԫһһ̧֣һ챮ĻȻһ񱩵ķǽͼֵ͵Ϯ
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ɱ
ǽ£ֻһ̣ĵһ£ǽȻˡ
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һ
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Ԫ˼״׷ɫһ䣬ԭ飬ʱ
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ʣһغϡ
һģһǸɱһӥǣԵԪѸٵķӦֻصĳһ¡
ȫ׷˸ȻһѪ
ַǿɱˣȻװ壬˲
ˣո˵ͬʱģѾͷųȫ˵вλ
ܵˣԼٶָ
ǿģӲĿס޵ȫһ
ȸ֮Ӱɱ
ûȫϣ㸡ֳһȸ漴ȸ֮Ӱһٶȱת˲ǵԪǰ
ģ
ֱ˸׵⣬ӲĴ͸ǲǽȻ˵Ԫļϣĵ˲䱬
ԪոջڵֵֻϱڷСûϵΧ¾Ȼûûٶȷɱ
ܵȻͽͻķǽԪһЦСӣɣ
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䱬ɱ
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ʱ˿̣ĺģط򱬷ҲֹĶ
˶ԡһ֮УȻȫ׵˸ԼһĵȫӲĳסЩ˺
һ̣ԪѾһ룬һȭغڵԪš
űˣ
һ̫Ȼ죬ŵԪ˶ɳȥ׶Ͼ


467 
Ԫһöⱦ꣬صС
ȫ׹˸ԪͷųĻ淨ϾѸŵ
ǿкɱԪ淨˵òᣬĵ£ȴǼΪѸٵĻָ
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ܣ
кһЩһɱԽȴû뵽ɱܣôף
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Уɱ
ֳУ׼˺һ̶£
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ͷҲأĺ󳤳̣һֻһ
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մѪĲ֣Ҳ˳ЩӲʯɫȫС
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΢̣š
ֻҪװʲô֪ˣûκ֪͵ԪǷͻ
»ص˿֮УֳУʼƬɫڡ

ŹʱͨӲıڵʮɣڳĻɫӽС
ͬʱõ˶ʮöȭͷСⱦ꣬ڴĴָСⱦܹ꣬һöͷСⱦ꣬ŨΪ֮̾
ЩȫУҪ뿪˵أȻü˴֣ס
Ϊ׵ģͺӥСӵĶӳ׳
󣬸ޣжЩ䡣
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ʵһ˫Ŀɢ컪ǿߵǿƣѹƶ
޷ڿڣңұһˡ
ŶԷѹȣȴǻȻûлţ˵
·ҼǵÿǱסˣô˼ʮɣ
һСӣڸʲôض͵͵Щʲôʵ򡭡
򣬱Ҫҵ𣿡
ЦһҼͺӥСӣʲôûҪҵδ̫Цвңƺ̫׵ɣ
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˵Ԫɱҵսȴҷɱˡ𣿡
кһʵ
⻰һڵˣ׷ɫ΢䡣
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һˣ¶֮ɫѵСʵܹһ壬Ҳ컪Ϊ˰ɣ
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ȴҡҡͷ¶һĨ֮ɫԪûһϢǱСӸɵˡ
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ɡ
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໥۵ʱжײĮɫȻ飬Щһ϶ǵһˡ
ǣͲʵΣֻ֪͵Ԫһ󶴣Ԫȫˣô϶Ĺ
ˣе̰ɫҲ֪һǲ²ʲôҪɱȡ
ħɽеľСӣ治Щǵļһһȫɷбʡ
š
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֮ǰֱʩչģڿ֮Ѿ˾ͷһû·
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⻰һʱȫɢһּϢŴΧ˺ü״ͬ״
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ܹӰߣһ֣ȫһɭϢУÿһӰߣżΪֲϢ
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Ӱ֮ɣ
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ⶾپǿ߶һܹܣ˵һ˽پСˣıͶһȥɡ
ǰУĳ˵
ΪȷͷųӰ֮ɺֻҪǽɽСʱڲĵĻо綾ȫö
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ţɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪδںδӰͷųĶȴǱĳֱֹӸմ
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䣬Һ䣬ֱӰСӺɱ
پһëȻ֣ޣ׷׳ǰһСؿɽͷų˼ǿķ
ħɽĿ󶴣ڼΪӲǾмҴ򶷣ܽ䴩
Ӱ߷챮Ȼռ䣡
Ȼһ̣ȴܵԼȻһ
ֻϱڣ
ڰһֱֻ̧ϱڣ漴ȫ׵֣ӲŶԷ˵ĺһܲĸǰ
ű屬
ʩչűĵ屬һУ׷ɱԪʣ˵ʱ򵽵ġ
屬֮ŶԷöԷ౬Ѷ
һʱ𣬶ʱ˷·嵱һ˲ʧȥ˼
ٻع࣬ѾΧ
֮ƵԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬࣬ҲԽԽ
ڽһʱ֮ڡ

һȣȻ˫ͻ˳Ŀ


468 
ļ似űԲ磬ܹʩչĵ屬һУֱֵһٺɱ֡
ǿ컪һ֮£ҲȫûܹҴȻˣ⼸˵ĺ֮£Ҳ˲ˣһѪ
˺ȫɫ˸׵⣬ڲ޸ܵˡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬ȫָƾǿװ壬ԼĵǼ޹Ѿ޷ɱˡ
̧ͷɨʣһۣʱ˸εѣһתܡ
컪ϴ󣬶⡰ɽֱӺɱʣµޣʲô취
Ψһ;
ܣ˿ΪأǶԷܣҪƴһսĻôҲֲ˺
ҪģˣȻȥͺӥСôˡ
ӳȥˣ϶ὫѶȥʱҲ֪ʣµ˻Ρ
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ֻ֪ܴ߶ĶԼ޷׷ܵˡ
ԼһʱĺƽȣҲָƽܵˣȻƬ֮ڣ㱻ȫȷ˵ؼ˵ҩҪá
Ҳʱڷһ֮Ȼ˽
Χҵģ
۾һ֮Ув˵Ҫɱñ֮ģҲ²⣬ѾˣԲû׷ɱˡ
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ܿ죬ͺӥСʣµļ˾ȻȫˣһɷģӺ޲ý˺ɷ顣
һġ˸ˡ
һۣһǵøɽƽ̨ʱͺӥСܹʮ˵ġ
ڣ˵ԪһϴӦûʣ¾ŸŶԣôһ
֣ûпʼжϾȫΪҪԵģǰ˸쾳ǿߣÿһ˶ߡ
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ڿУȺ΢Щɢſ˹ȥܿ㷢Ȼˡ
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ǲҪżǸϽȥסھˣСܡ
ϾѾȥ֪ͨ޸ˣϴ޸ȻἫΪŭСζܲġ
һԣЩ˵ĶԻ΢΢üͷ
޸
֪ħʾţ˻Ԫ׽֮⣬һȷʵޣ
ɣʲôȻ޸ݲɣ
аһҲ̫ùЩ
ƫƫøոˣûܽһ׷ɱϢ©˳ȥʲôϾŵѾȥ֪ͨ޸ˣڳȥ׷Ҳ׷Է
û뵽һ㴳ˡȴǹֲңѲҪɱңֻܹԹ˼ɱɣ
ţкâһ
ոһİĻ˵ǱҪĻ붯ɱˣԪ˶Ҫɱᱦʱ־ܣ
ɱ˵ˡ
ֵԪ׽ȥҲ㹻ɡ
޸ͨؾǿߣǶԸûκεֵĿܣΪ֮ƣֻܽߵ֪ͨԪףСƽ֪
С˵һֱҵİΣŸոγΪʦӦûôӵҡ
ҡҡͷȥҪ黹ǵԼС
ǰԪ֮ǰмҪ죬ǱǽڿڵЩһնɱ
ȻЩһԼĵˣԼնɱԷǱûɷǻţ
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ܿ죬㱻׼һõĻᣬгУֱһ˵ı󣬳Ĵȥ
ۣ
һ죬һҽУ˲侪ڵ߸ˡ
ˣ
˼ͬʱӦֶֹβЩʮ֮һЩһϣûлĿܣװҲһ
磬ʯ棬ȻӸ
ȴ΢̡ȸ
һƷ似ķ似ܹ˲ԽһԪӶһй
ȸʩչ˶˰͸״ЩĸֱֹӴ͸·𴩹һһ㡣
ʲô
˸һ𾪣űӦӲϾˡѡִɱˣ߸˵ش
ʩչȸܿ˵ĹЩҵĹԳ˹˹ȥ˲ޱȻң
ŻңˮֳУűʩչһ֮УܿĹ¡
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ˣʱĻѾȥ׳˾ѪӰƷƷʵս
һεľѪӰ˲ɢȥʣ˵ϣǸɫһ䡣
ʲôҪҵѪ
ٷƣȴѪӰͼѪʸһ
æ֮Уֱץסһ˵Ĺһӱ䲱һѪ˳
У̶޿磬һսˡ
ľķĵûκֵܹסһ
طϣֵܵһһ鷳ˡ
󶴵İ˸ˣֻ̼ʣһ룬ʣˣͷų˼ǿƣѪӰɢ˿ȥȻһתۣȴӰִǰʧˡ
ʱʣӿֳޱߵĿ־֮⡣

նɱǰ˵ʱħʾţһӪ֮С
ħʾŵĴ󸱽ͳӪطֱĸͬԱ໥Ӧһս£йаĻܹܿ촫ݿϢӦ
ڣλߵӪ֮У˸һŭ𣺡˵ʲôֶȻտɱˣ˭ôӣտţ
Ǹտģ˵ǻ԰ŹģɽͺӥСǣΪһöⱦ꣬˾Ȼɱ˵ԪСӳϴȥɱ


469 սپ
տͺӥСڵɽϡ
ͺӥСʣµǰޣ߳˿󶴣гɱ޸֮⣬ջǲ٣ⱦõϰöֵȻ
һͺӥСӣæһʱ䣬òôĶɼиĿǼ
뿪󶴣֮ǰɽƽ̨Ȼü
Ϊ֣ɽƽ̨ϣȻپޣЩӣһб㸡ֳɫ
һͺӥСӵˡ
жϣ漴
Ǹɽ˵Ƿ£ҪܿûôףǹԹԴִ֮ǰɡ
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ȧǼߣͼΪթԲʲôöԸļһ
ͺӥСӵϾţ˵ϴֵ㡭һ˽پСӣȻɱҲǸ˲ˡ
һ˵һЦԱ˳еӦֵܡ
ˣȻûʲôڼʱȴɢȻֻҪͼܵĻ˱ֽ¡
ǸСӵģ
üͷһʵ

˵ǸȧǵĽթһ۾СӣΪƶ벻СӣɱԼϴʵǲףףԼҪ
ĺ̨ɴأˣֵҲûҪר㡣
һһЦ
֪ôˣһϾ뿪֮ǰȥطİ֣Ϊľǿסֹѣ
پޣ治һܹԸ˵ǰ
һ˼˾Ϊ֮ƣΨͷųˣҪȻĻضᱻһסȵ޸Եɾ൱ˡ

һ߶ۣ˳漴ͨ۵ĿռֱӲؽĵ߲ռȥ
ͬʱѸ󣬺ܿһΪ͵ĸҷڰգԶȥ
һĻ仯һپֵɫһ䡣
ʲôֶΣϾ˵౦治ƭ˵ģ
ȧǵĽթɭ˵
ȻҪȻ˽پСӣôɱ
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ն𣬻ɢ챮ƣÿҲ챮ĳЩĵ
ϾأٶȲ죬ֱ׷ϣֱ
Ҫݻͨؾ޶پޣ͸Ҫˡ
߲У΢̣߶ֱӳŻԪ׽ڵӪطȥ
پֵܶˣֶϺȻըȻƬ֮ȴԼĹֶζ˿öûУȫɨһ
磬໥иӦܸоԷڵλã׷ԭţ޸ˣұǰҪ׽ã
ǸȧǵĽթޣԼĴ罨˵
һ۾˵ͷҲãԼСġ
İɴ磬һ˽پСӣɱѾˣʲô⣿
ǸȧǵĽթ˵꣬һƨϣ߶ǰ
һˣתصտȥȴĵ
߲УԭɵԪڵӪȥֵ˾Ȼͷжˡ
پļһܴ򲻹ֻʣһҪԣ
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ȻǵˣǱҪɱ»޾鷳
ĴôɥһƴҲûʲôν
뵽һ˱ռ뿪һܶ
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һһ⣬ǰ۳漴پ޼ȥҪŵʱ򣬶Ȼ䱬ը
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⣬ǺͨѰĵؼƷ似ԸپǿߣҲȫá
Ȼ͵ϮһеȧǵĽթپޣܿʩչֶΣͻƳƬž֮شȴǱûͷģ˵ˡ
͵Ϯүˣ
С塱ĸȧǽթޣϹżΪѿķŭɫֻȥƱˣб͵Ϯʱ
ˣ屻ŭˣϹŷŭ֮ɫһ̧֣һʹĻȻһң߳ɵ
ˣȻõĿӡ
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ȻĿӡϡ٣վǻϵġ
۵ʹĻܿɢԼˣڣȻγһյĿռ䡣
ƺҲֻ֪ҪУûʲô취ֱһƬտռ֮С
۾
ҪĻֻҪͨ۵ĿռͿˣҪ֮ǰڽ룬ΪѾϹ
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СӣҲɱ㣬ȴҪץסȵ޸ˣҲ͵ˡ
ϸֳ֮ɫһ̧֣һʹâۣȻͷԱɱ
ͬʱپֳһͷԱ飬ɵԱӳɣøͣ·Ҫ˺һ㡣
ͷãط
̤ؾ֮طãûôˣ෴黹ױؾ֮Ծ
Ϊˣؾ޺ͷųսģֱʩչ似ͷطԿˡ
թپ޳壬ȴƺЩͬԱ飬ͷԱһֹ
ģҲ֪ʲôԡվǱȲҵģ
ţʱ⣬γһƬĻӭͷ͵Ա
粢ߣģǱȶԷǿöĴڣԺͨ似ɷĻҲֹסͷԱɱ֮ơ
漴ȸֳһȸ˲գȻϮ˳ĸǰ
űѩ
һʩչΧʱƮºɫѩ֮ó徫Ƶĳһ˲Ļ㱡
һ̣һһȭ
һ·ڳͷը졣


470 ծ
һʱгپϸֳʹɫоȫѪҺɲԼһ
ûãȫѪҺڣΧԽԽҡ
ȥضһһֱӱȻȴپǿߣǧһ֮ʣĵӲĺ俪һȭѹ
޾ɢɼʵжôֲ
һУԸ͵ϵپǿߵĻ϶ûκֵܹ壬ȴӲĽֵˡ
ģƺͦǿġ
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Ȼ̶̵ʱڣȴʩչֶΡ
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Уնɱ
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ֻһʱ䣬ֱ۶ЩήȻǱ㹻ѪҺ伫Ϊήˡ
ʲô
ǳڸֳ֮ɫҪ챮ԼĵҪͻƺģȴû취뿪
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ģ˵ǸĥȻˣǰຣɡ
ЦһУ漴һ㽫ʬһ߲С
Ǹֵܣô뵽ոһߣ㽫ֱӺɱˣȻþ˴ֶΣ㻹һپǿߡ
ȻտҪƵޣ㲻֣ɽУ䡢ǺЩ˵پ£ҪԸûôס
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ԽϣܵһֻϾֱﵽĵ֮У׷׻ǿ
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״㽫ؼսֻռС
Ȼֻãû߲㣬򱻷ںеĻ¹һʱͻȫûˡ
Ҫ˵ؼս켶ս÷ںУ¶ܹ⡣

ֱշ˻Ԫ׽ڵӪء
뿪֮󲻾ãһȺˣһƽսǿ׳շɵͳսĵط
ˣħʾŵ֮һ
ģǳǸپֵܣȴΧпһ·ɽҲûκϢ
أ
׳ϴ׺֮ɫǸֵܡ
֪ҴӦоģȴ֪ΪʲôӰ
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Χң˸ȥһСӲǽҵҪȥһ
һһֱ֣·ͷж
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Сƽ߿ˣҪĻλĶ֡
˰ţܿʮ˳Χ׷շȥҪ⸽һǸɽټ
УͨؾĴڣ˵ǵԸǴ´ˡ
ֻϧǵȻ⸽ҵ
׳£ֱŻԪڵӪطȥͬһĻͺӥСҴϾţԼֵܡ

ʱѾ˻ԪڵӪأҼ˻Ԫס
һ򵥵˵֮󣬻Ԫױľ
Сӣɲ㴳ġ
ԪЦҡҡͷȻ˼ҶɱˣηηȷʵͲǸˡİɣպе⣬ҲҪúôôġ
ԣʱˣһ֪⣬ԲŽǲǰͺӥСӣ
£
Ԫ¶һصЦݡ
˾ڷڽ̸ûãľ֮һ˹һ׳𣺡ã
פӪеڶħʾŵޣȫЩֵߵ׷˿ȥ
˵ǻԪ׽ǵϼȨ
Ԫ״ŰɫӰ߳ľݣɨ˰һۣȻЦôô
ûг֣ΪԪ׽ʱҪȻҪĻġ
ծġ
׳½˻Ԫǰȴûһ𾴵˼ֱ˵֪ڲ֮ǰҵֶտɱ
⻰һʱΧΧ۵һȡ
˭ֶ֪Ļ̣ħɽ˭ɱԹаЩһ˰ɣ
ǣĿҲӦòǹа˲ŶԣѵԼˣ
뵽Щ˲ɶЩɻ󣬶ħʾŵˣ߽޵ĻôɱҪ֪һӻҫ˭ûк³ġ
ɱ
ԪԣǵЦһЦ˿û׺ֱ˵֪ƺҪɱˣȴСıɱ˰ɣҪ˵˵ĻƺԼŶԡ
Ԫ⻰ŭ˰֣㲻ֶ׷ŭӦ֪СӵĸףɽȵĽͳ죬үүǰ޿ة࣡
⻰һʱûг֪ԼǴ˶Ļ
û뵽СӣȻͷ
ӵ˱ʮˣֻ컪Ϊɼ츳ô


471 ֶ
Ļ֪Ԫ˵޸⣬ָʲôˡ
ΪڻԪܽǰȻţƿڴȻûԪ׷
оĵȻԴǲϵ
ĸףɽȵĽͳ죬Ҳ˵濼ĸף¶иʲôģҪ֪ɽȿ޿ġ
үү͸ˣȻǰ޿ة࣡
ĹϵڣֻΪ޼еϵ޿Ҳ㹻ŵˡ
Ȼӵ˱ħʾţͺӥСȥ󣿡
һ㣬൱ɻ
ܿ죬Ԫ׽ȥĻͽɻֻԪԷŭ˵޸Ȼѹˣôʣϥеڼ
Ԫ⻰ʳһͣȴ߳ΣѲɣпǱ㲻ǽͳ𣿡
㣬ȻݣôͳˣΪֻὫħʾţ
Ԫ׵ļʵ
ǣȻҪǰһ
е̫˵
ȻΣգҪȻʲôȥҲֻ˵Լܡ
Ԫ׿ӣŸ̤ǰһߵͨƺȻ޸˵ǲ
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ո³һ֣Ԫױ̽һ仰ѵԣǽͳ˵ӣڶںδ
ԻԪ׵ʣûκλᷴϾɳϽԪ׵ƣֱӽѹ塣
ǣڶڸѾǰջʳĻʳ֮С
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ˣмţ
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һ˵ţһ߰ԼסȻȫԪǣűˡ
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㣬ͳ˵ĴӺӱɱͳΪĶӱ𣿡
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ħʾУΪʵϣĸٵÿħʾʮޣǻԪ׵ˡ
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ĿһۻԪףиֳһĨ֮ɫȻˣͻˣĩǣ
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Ԫȴǲģ۾ָָͺӥСʣµǸϾš
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ǺԪϾŵĿģȴûκֹֻܷ֣ܿ죬Ͼű޵в£˻ԪӪء
ţǰ
Ԫ׶ϾŵһЦ֡

Ͼڼʱ򣬺ЩִٲϾȥɥģɲǸϢ
ڼԪףȻҪʲôһ뵽ĳֿܣľսĸоˡ
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ϾͺӥСΨһҴ֮ˣʸ˵˵ĻҲз
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ҶһϾŶ԰ɣ
Ԫ΢΢һЦ򣺡£ֻ˵֮ʵ࣬㲻Ҫţô˵Ҷġ
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վǱߵĻԪ׻᲻ᵱ
ϾҪȽϵĻԲǻԪ׵Ķ֣Ԫ޿ĵλǲɽȵĽͳģ
ԻԪףϾŸûѵ
Ϊβ˵
Ԫ׿ŽŵϾţоâһֱ㾡ܽʵ˵ǣΣҶ㡣㵣Ļ˵ʲôˡһԪףܸһ֤㲻ᱻЩԣΣ
Ԫ׵ı֤޿¶쵱ˡ
λϽа޶Կʮ޿˵ĻһԾŶ
Ͼ˴ԣʱûκԥ㵱ڽʱֱӽ˳
ǰ飬Ҳ̫ϴоⱦϢ֮󣬲Ÿϴһ󶴵ģȴûԪȻϴֱӶ֣ɱλɽɽСֵܡ
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Ҳ˵ɱɽģ԰ɣ
Ԫ۾ʵ

Ͼһ˼ҧ˵


472 ħɱ
Ͼ˵࣬Χ޶ʱһȻ
ȻˣͲʲôöҪ˵ⱦ꣬ȴ˷ɱҲˡ
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Ȼ˵ʵ࣬Ǿûʲôˡ
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λԪҲŵԣҪϾţ޼ҵ˸ˡ
ڻԪ׵ľڣŻԪ׶Ĵɵøп⽫ȻŷḻĴ¾飬±㽫⼬ֵˡ
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Ԫ׽ʮ˵޿ľ˳羴ĤҪڻԪߣ˭еĻ᣿
ȻֻǰæʰϣʱԪָһϵľ飬Ҳǳ˵ͻƿġ
ϻ˵ˣţǱ߱ҵ̨ڣ̨ĺԺУŲϣȥҷű࣬ʰˣ߼ҡ
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벻˸ɴ䡣
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Ҫǰ²ɴһ㣬аЩʹˡ
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кʵĽӰˣҵ뿪ĵһӣ׷濤֮ܲ꣬ͻƵؾ
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һʱЦˣһ;ҪıһֱǰơȻСҲ˽پȴҲ֪ͻƿʱǻûʧʧܵĿԼ󡣡
Ԫһ⻰ʱǰһ
Сӣ⻰˵Ĳ
ԪоͻȻ˸֮·ƿͻƣ̬⡣ΪϣֻԿ̬ȥƿôܳɹ
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Ԫ֮ɫ漴˷ȻɱɽȵĽͳ죬ȴҪġǿˣǽͳ붯㣬ûôףȻʹºֻпܵģСĲǡ
ԿЦһξΪ˲֪ʲôƱƽʥڵɽȣóס˾δÿݣġ
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ԪԣʱһҶʵ㻹ǲ׼ȷ
ҵõһƵĴļսҶ棬ǰȫġ
ЦһЦ
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Լ϶˼һСָͷġ
Ҳģļս޿Ҳôˡ
Ԫ򣬹Ц㲻ĻǿԽǼսóҿҵƹ켶սڴļս뿴Ҳܸ޲һ£
ԣҲСˣһ߶ֱۣӷ˳ȴδֻͬһģͣǰ
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Ԫ׿һۣܵڲͬϢ΢΢üͷƺȷϧҴδսҪ޸ҲΪˡˣսĲʣҴδӲ̶ȣƺõĲ϶Ҫǿöࡣ
ҲֻǻԵɺϵõ
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Ԫ׿һЦҿǰѶսƷ൱㷽ŸҿҪǿһְɱ似پޣ뵲Ҳסˡ
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ȻֻƷİɱ似ʩչݻԱǿ֪ٱ


473 ʶ
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ΪħɱȻǴӻĹӰɱ򻯶վżĲ͵õ似ĻԪףȻһ۱ܿóˡ


474 ĹӰɱ
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475 ֽɱ
˵˵ûԪȭͷСⱦꡣ
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Ҳûж˵ʲôȻԪײǷ飬ԼõôҲǲġ
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Էֻһ˹ֵܹס
߶£˸һɫĻϣֱӵס˶Էĵһ貽⣬Ҳδѡ
ϾǵؼƷսǻԪƣһپǿߵ似ֵסĻҲ̫ѷɫЩ
Ȼһ̣ǵ貽ȴǱɢΪһȫЩ壬ԽĹĻϣ˹
Ȼ֪ЩʲôɱȻ俿Լ塣
ű
һ֮ǰȻ˲佫ЩȫڣţԽԽķǾŵ赲ɢ˳Ҳȫһ֮С
֮ƺЩЩ壬һ죬Щʧˡ
ʱֳֳĺӣȴҲ׷׳ɱת˲ࡣ
Աֻʣˣܷɱǻû˿ɡ
ôپǿߣΧһ˽پޣǻܳɹȥĻЦ
ΪȺ˵죬Ҳü޿ȥˣ
ѪӰ
һ̧˦ӰεսĿȻǱӰ˵ǳֵܡ
ѪӰѰپǿ˵ûʲôãֻҪһɢ
Ƕ˵ĳֵ˵ȴ˼ΪĵĴڣоѪӰȫҪѪ಻ԣپսܷӳʮ֮һ൱ˡ
ҪǣѪӰսӰΣǼһﱻѪӰǲס˸û취æ
㵽ԱȥҪˡ
Ϊ׵Ĺӷһ漴һӣٴ⣬ƿϮɱ
ģ
ȸ֮Ӱ
ԶԷ˴ͬһϮɱʱ΢̣ʩչ˲ӶԷʧ
ͬʱȻȸ֮Ӱںϣױȵٶȣûܣ˶Է
ûһǱѪӰסĵùһԡ
ʩչģ
ۿʩչģһ۵ǰһ֮ˡ
ȴһ̧֣˫зųһâͬҫһ㣬ǰƬռ䣬һжںҹеĶ޷Ρ
УȻʩչĵ
ȻǰʶΪʩչҪܣԲ̽ķߵķλ
ȴû뵽ǺȥǱѪӰסĳֵܸǰ
ȵǰ޷Ӧ̻ͷâһգڽ˳ȴѾˡ
еУѾһͱǳֵܵţ
ֻǶ̶ʱڣɱˣʣɫ䡣


477 Ľ
ɱˣʣɫ䡣
Ҫ֪ǿپǿߣһʼҪɱһ˽پ޵ʱ򣬸ûôҲǸļȽϸߣǲΪһˡ
ڣ֪˵Ļûд˽پСӣȻӵնɱپǿߵĿֲʵ
ˣԱһնɱһֻʣˣܶԸС
οԱĶԻûԪ׺ܿ˹ʱɱ͸ˡ
л
ӷɫһгʱüӿϮ
Щ⣬ÿһмΪֲƻֻǱһУٻܵˣӵװĵ¡

һ̧֣˳Ҳ߶Ȼֱӽʹţסһ⡣
ţһȸֳʩչȸ˲գȻֱӶ㿪Щ⡣
ԭ⽫ߵķȫգסһ֮Ƿ˳
ȸ֮Ӱںϣ
һʱһͷȸӰ֣漴ںһ𣬶ʱٶȼپǿߣûа취׷
ǰеķǻԪӪط
ոյսԼսޣڲͷų£ֻܹԸپޡ
˵ĻͶԸˣϾЩ似ͷŵģĹӰɱűȵȡ
ÿһ似ʩչҪͨڲͬľĹӰɱʩչһιҪʩչĻͱɶƽϢС
ǿʩչĻ׷֮飬òʧ
򲻵ѵĻȻѸʩչͬһ似
Լʵ֪֮ʱʣµ׷ˣԪӪطǰУȻ򵥵ķ
ۿǰķ򣬶ٶȾȻǻ죬Ƿ˷׷ɫ΢䡣
ô죬ϴ󣬻׷׷
۵ۿѣɫһʵ
׷ˣǳСӺѲǻԪ׵ˡ׷ĻǱԪ׵˴סɾͲˡ
۾Լʵ֪֮ԸԸѰؾ޻УԪףǻԪ׵Щͨؾ£Щ˶ȫͲ˵ġ
ؾͨؾȣ̫̫ࡣ
֮˵ɽ·жȥֱɢ˿ȥֹԪץס
״δ̫⣬˭֪ЩǲǼװˣȴ·Уߵǰ׼Χ
´ĻʣˣѾ¡
ؼǣ֪ǲǻͬ
ԪӪصķȥŷţȻоеȣƺоüӰڴΧԼҪΧɱԼ
ָоľһνұüΪ衣
ɱ
תۿžȻһޣϢɱԼҪԼ͵Ϯ
ԥһȣŴ˺һȭűĵϮ
𱬣
һ޾ֱ˿ȥޣƺپΪȴƺǣüͷ塣
ЩɻʱоΧһγޣȻҪͬʱ׷ɱԼӡ
ɱ
кȻһǰЩӰһݣ綼ȻЩ̫Ծ
һ̣۾˿ȥЩΧɱԼӰ
ɲɱ֮ˣɱĽ٣ʵ̫ˡ
ţԭܿ㷢֣ܵЩҪ׷ɱԼޣȻĽĻ
ЩȫԺĽ
ȥᣬЩҲ˿ˣûܷвԾĵطɱЩеӰĻԽԽɱԽԽŨ
ȵɱŨһ̶ȣô߻ħԶˡ
۾˼ӣ˫۵ʱ򣬱㷢ΧҹһƬﻹЩҪ׷ɱΧɱӰ
ȻֻĽ١
ôˣ
ȻһԱߴ˹ͷȥһȴСƽ
ļһħʾŵĿʦ֮󣬵ΪܣȻҰ׵Ժ󣬱ϾǿǰҪĿġ
ʵϣ뿪Ԫ׵Ӫأƽһ·϶ڸپǿΧˣȻܴӦԣɱʱ򣬶츳͸ˡ
ֲÿὫ
طɣĽʱƽѾϵˣһԡ
ŹƬ̣Ȼֱ˹òƽпһ־ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ѱ˽پʱĽ٣սսΪµģ²СıĽʧܣӶԶͣ˽پ硣
ҪɹĽ٣˵ѣѰ˵൱ʱģÿһĽӿ֣붼Ҫüʱȥֵ
ĽӿֹȴֻƬʱ䣬˹
ԭ֣лл
һۿƽʱô£벻ԼĽ𣬾ȻΣյƽϢĿԼ
սӿĽٵĻǺ磿
ٺ٣˭˭ʲô
ƽЦһЦȻپǿΧɱպùеɱ¾ĽٲŻ֣ڼȻɹˣǾͺˣûҪ̫⡣
˽پҪɹĽ٣һԣĽٶսʱ֣ǻشʣս֣֮㵹ǲصĽٻսз񡪡Ȼ⣬Сֵܣ˴жվҪСһЩԼȫΪϣҪȻһȥû취Ϳ˽
ƽֱ˵һһһߵͷ
ǾͺãһĽٻսʱ֡
˿
һ·϶̫ȫԽȥһ̰ɣСֵܣȡɣۣɾûʲô׷ˡ
ƽٺЦ
š
˵ͷ
ȥҪ飬ҪȥаǱɱлǴ̽鱨ûʲôʱ˷ˡ
Ҫθոǿ߽ɱҪˣа޵Ӷûͱ˽ɱˡ
ȡ˳ƽд߶
ۣٶͨؾ޵ıǻԪ׷ûôף˷ȥȫȻܹϵˡ
޿а紦֮ΣղŻή٣
ҵʱƽͲ̫ˣҪȻʱʲôͣƽ˵Ϊ;Դ󲿷ֹƽġ
ȻѡҪðգ㲻ηη
Ȼȴ֪ʱ޿ħɽĸʵʩһΪļƻ


478 Σķ
ɹ˵ڶĽٹ󣬸оԼӹˣҺط׺Ҳʤ֮ǰ֡
ֻҪɹĽ٣ܷ徽𵤣ͻƿ̤ˡ
Լ֮·żΪϮʶ
ļ似ôǿᣬлôҪǿ磬ܹӳ
ƾڵΪû취ӳļ似սܹԽսѾǳˡ
ƽ۵УԷ۵糸ٶǰС
ħɽȻ˹
ͷ˸žâӸտʼڣѾһʱ䡣
۵ٶȣһʱ䣬ܴ͵ͷɵͷˣħɽȴδɹһľ롣
ɼж⻹ֻ޿ΧڼСһء
޿ֻջʳһˡ
ˣħʾŵķߣûˣǰһ൱ΣյĻش
ƽ۾˵λش޿ðߣҲйа޳֣޿ˣҲпܶ㷢ϮҾˡȻͨؾ޺ٳ⻺شҲ̫ġ
š
˵ͷƽۣ·ȥ
ۣǷɡ
ƽ˵öĸ㣬ˣ߶öģһӦλãġȻɱڹаźţĻΧòҪƬħɽ
š
һεͷʾ˽⡣
ȻҾˣʱڸһħʾӪУʲôش֣شΣգ㷢Ϣһǰæġ
ƽۣ㽫ưСģͶ
䶪ԼĴռƽˡ
С֮ܣԼ֮һƬΪïܵɭ֣¹ҫԵЩɭڵģ˸оܲ
˵аһƬ֮УħɽڹаߵĲ֣йϮ
üδ룬㿪ʼⲽǰȥ
δʩչģǰΪʩչľĹȵĻͷۻս½
ƽʱʱҲʩչ·ġ
뵵ĹЩ˵Ƿǳˬ˵ûʲô̫ܵĸо
ֹ֮ſá
ܿ㷢һ㣬д󶨡
û̫ȷĿ꣬򵥵ıҼаޣǸɱ˵һ㣬ƺ̫ס
ԼٶбУûã㷢вڸжЩ˶޿ޣ޿ħʾŵѲԱֹйа֡
⻺شʱпаˣòСһЩ
޿ˣûȥʲô
ƽͻԪ׶˵аޣֻҪһ֪ǵˣϴΪаޣĶǰӰԵģҪôǹɭȻط˶ɭɭġ
ƬУǰδеļ
ԼĪܹϰľ룬ڷ֣ΧĹԽԽŨˣǸӿаķΧˡ
ҲʱȻһ󾢷磬ͷϿնȻϮƺ뽫նɱ

Ҳ룬һִ̧߶ؼƷսһƬɫĻϱ֣ʱǵֵסˡ
̧ͷżһ۵ɭޣڴ϶£͵ϮԼ
аޣ
ͫаޣǼΪаţûܸܵڣҾȻ羿ж٣
ӶԷ͵Ϯ类ֵһ˿϶ṳ̂ͨؾģ΢˿

ǻ۵ĹаЦһ漴ȫͻȻһ̣һʧǰ
ҲǺƵӵֲøֵطС
оԷ϶Ҫնɱ˴޿ޣӶԷϵսҩ֮ı
Ҫ֮ǰΧɱİֹӦñܽԷѰҳˣֻϧڵȴ޷
˺һʱû취ҵԷӰرڶԷȻûвɱ£
ûɱ⣬ѵ˲ɱң
΢Щ٣֪ԷЩʲô
ȻҲԷӰǰУȻһʩչƬֱʧˡ
벻СӾҲ
ʧ֮󣬷ǻ۵ĹаޱȻڰɫֵĽͣˡ
û֪˵Ľʲô֪Ժйء
ôҲ벻Լͷһа߷ΧȴȻͱ˸ˣ
ʩչ֮ڸȦδǻ޳ֻ֣ܼΣǰн
а޶˵ĻҪɱа޿ɾûôˡ
ʩչģپ޶޷ײ̽˵پʩչĵˣûκΰ취ԽԷҳ
һӰжûôס
аޣ֮µħ֣ҪֱӵֶΣ͵ϵޣɼаޣ¶Ǽа֮֮ˣɵҲûʲô˵ġ
ţʱ´һа޵ĻҪֱӱ㽫ɱ
ûãĻˡ
һкʱ򣬱ɭɭ̸һԡ
̸ݣȻ֣ȻǺԼйأ
ǸɽСӣѾ⸽ˣҪãܽסҿɾͷˣٺ١
һЦ˵
̫ҪסСӵģûһǧҲа˰١磬Ǻпõݽ͡
һ˵˵
˵ûʲôôȻûСӣұǰѰѰˡ
֮˾ܾ˶Էĺ飬ҡͷҪ뿪
һԣɫΪ벻Ƭ̣аǱߵ޾ȻͽϢˡ
ҪǣֻҪץסнͣ
ڰ
пܵģ޿޼֮ˣ޿˱ţаô֪˴˵أ
οа˿ԩ޳޼ҵԵʣа˺α
ô˵ڣ޼ң˵Ǹ͹аޣȻŰн
֣δˬЩϲ
ΪһִеĿꡪҵ͹а޵Ľ֤ݣǿ֤޿ͽ
޿ħʾĴ󸱽֮һܽ侾ζǴһˣ
Ҫ飬ȴǼΪѣڵݺѾ±¶жȥĻΣķ


479 
Ȼǰˣ㲻ܽǷŹ
پĹаޣһеɵ¸ʲôˣǼȻͷжǱֲˡ
кһۿǺϵа޷ͷж̱ж
ʩչĵԱԷ֣ʩչ似͵ϮضΪ˳
Լδӿֳ˿ɱ⣬ܹͨɱ֪ΣգȻҲпõԲΪ͸¶ɱ⣬Ӷݾˡ
һ̣ӽǸԶ
ű壡
һֱʩչļ似űеĵ𱬡
һǹаը죬ɫӶ˴
پޣں׼£һдļ似Ҳ˼ء
𱬣ôһ˲˴ͣͬʱһֱӴ߶۵Ŀռ˴͵Ķռ֮С
㶨
΢̡
Ը˵ĿģҪɱ˶ԷҪ׽ԷӶԷ̽
֮һ켴ȴҲԻΧаޡ
ûκԥڻ׽֮ԼҲ߶ֱۣӴܽĶռ֮С
ھۣǱһӣˮϳζȥ
һаܹҲ϶ҲĴڣ
ĶռУ㷢֣۵ĹаޣѾ˹üͷ۲ΧһС
㡣
ˣһ룬ΧǽϣīɫԵüΪϣӴΧͬīɫʯͨҲ֪ͨη
էȻħɽһطǹаЩĪ
ѵҵϹż
ͻȻţ¶Щ˷ܵɫ
Ȼϧܿ˴ǰɻ
֪ʲôط
ɫΣ˸ǰ΢һ䡣
ǹаޣһʱͫǸɽɣʲôط
һսڲռ䡣
һЦ򵥵˵ҵĽѾһ׽
Ц
ǹа޹Цһ˽پСӣ˵پǿ߻׽㲻ã⻰ǳЦ𣿡
ҵǲʲôЦġ
ɫϻ˵ҽ׽֪һЩ飬㲻Թ˵㲻Ҫˡ
ҿ֪ʲô
۵Ĺа޿ЩȴС۾㾡ʰɣΪʸ֪ģӦûǻģ
˵⻰ʱ۵Ĺа޻Щ٩
ԷûнԼǱһ̣֪һ֪öԷˡ
ĹӰɱ
ûκԥֱһĹŲӰӰ˲Ϣǻ۵Ĺаɱȥ
붯֣ҷ㣡
аȻһЦħɱ似ҲԸүүң
£аһ̧֣һɫʱӿϮĻĹŲӰֹ
а޵У似ħɱ۳ĲӰֻҪʩչһֱܽӻ
似ǰҫ
Ȼܿȴ֣ԼˣҴס
ǰĹŲӰ似ܹ۳ģ
ٿػĹŲӰֱӻΪһУƳɱаޣǹаͷųĻɫȫĹŲӰиƿ
ǹаɫһ䣬ЩɫɲѰһּΪӰԣʴԼǿ
ֻ似۳ĲӰһǸ˽پ޲ӰôɫֱܹӸʴ
Ȼ˿̣ĻĹŲӰȴȫûܵǻɫӰ죬ֱɱ˹аޱ
أ
аɫһ䣬ȫɫӿֳǰһǽҪֵĹŲӰĴɱ
飡
ĹŲӰУǽ㱻ֵסˣЩɫȻѾʵ壬ô׾ܻƵġ
ڴʱȴҲʩչȸ˲գֳУһŹаϮɱȥ
ɱ
һǼһע
ǹаһ̧֣ǻɫɵǽֱתƵϮɱķͼֵһ
ȻĹŲӰһǣУʩչĹӰɱʱ򣬴͸Ҫǿ࣡
ۣ
һǻɫǽ㱻ֱӻ飬мǰۿűҪǻ޴̸Դ
Ȼǹаɫ΢һ£˾Ȼź󷽼˿ٶȾȻʩչȸ˲ջҪ졣
ܹ̤뵽پޣûһǼ򵥵ģÿ϶϶ЩֶΡ
ܵõͦ졣
ĹŲӰһǰһ󣬽ǹа޼룬һЦڣΣҪɱ㣬ѣһ˵㱻ڴ˴ûͬĻһӶ޷뿪˵ˡ
ٺ٣ΪŵֶΣүүȫֶΣ
аһЦɱүүңûôף
Ȼô˵ոôһ£жѾ˲ټɵ
ô˵ǲˣ
΢̣ܺãټһӣΪڡ
˵⻰ֱӴ߶ۣ뿪Ķռ䡣
ȻһﲻǾȹһӣҲԳȥаޣǹѺȻһʡ
˭ɱ˭ͼ򵥶ˡ
ڿǺ֪˭˵Ϣа޵ģңЩһ͹аʲôϵҲҪ
뿪֮󣬷־Ư£ֻôһƯ˺üʮĵط
ЯžϰֺȻһƬïܴ֣ɭȻŨˣȻ뵽˿а
һᣬץаޣȻ׼ȥˣܹĸ²ʳʲô
ǳԼƬΣԣٹãͨؾǿԸ
ʱɾͱˡ
ͨؾǿߣ˵аûһͨؾĹаޣûκΰ취ѣֻͷųˡ
źǰУʩչģѰаޡ

ռڣ۵ĹаޣͻȻʧˣɫһ䡣
⾿ʲôط
ǹа޿ʼвܴܣͼѰҳڣֻϧûɣҵ˳ڣҲû취ȥ
ģѵıСˣ
а޺ֲܿԤУʩչֶΣҪƻڵǽڣֻϧЩǽڿͨؾǿ߶ƻ˵ģ˵һˡ
ܵа޵ĶΪ촽΢΢𣬹˶ãһӦþͻʵˣӦûὫʵ˵
Ϊ˱Ҫץ˲С
ʱȥεǰֳһеĹаޣа޲࣬һޡ


480 Ͻ
һȥһںϣΪΣ΢Ϣһ׼ӡ
ޣƺͷèצΪΪ
˵ʱ濺˵ģУ޴ھԵͳελޣȻڣȴ࣬ۼ޹ȣײޡ
޿޵Ͳ࣬УһҲסһ𣬺ټӰ
ǰ컪ޣӾҲ˹аƵĻطƺҲħɽѰġ
ħɽ֮ԳΪ޿͹а֮أΪĵرⱦĿʯҲһְˡ
Ȼè˫һĨâһڴǷӰ
涾Ȼܷʩչĵҡ
һ󷽷ĳ˶Էǰ
ֻҪﵽؾܹΪΣᱣһЩ޵ģǰèһ˫ͫױǼΪ⣬޽Ȼͬһ۱ܿݡ
ɽ
è·һ㣬ȻʻȻѾ϶ݡ
ֻҪץס㣬ܵõ켶սĽ͡˽پޣҲҴǹаĵ̣Ѱ·
èɭһЦα㶸ȻһһϮ
ֻϱڣ
״ֱֻϱڣһڷԣ˶ԷצӸǰ
èצ
èһצ磬Ϯ쳣
ֻϧצײֻϱڵʱȴǲδܹͻƣͷè˻ȥ
컪ʵƾڵˮƽܻˡ
״ĵ˵ͷ漴ʩչűĵ𱬣ֱӽèΡ
漴һ㽫ĵڶռС

ʱץסĸаޣһͷè컪ޡ
УپǿߣһҲ컪ޣС
ֱʹĸһȴôţǱˡ
ͷèȻţȴǽʵ
ԭץס켶սĽͣǴӹа޾ŷģ޾εõҪϢͷè֪
õϢ֮΢üͷ
δĸһǿʼ˼ԼҪβʵ࣬è˵ĻôѰЩޣӦö֪ϢǴӺζ
Ҫֻ֪ǰа޾̽Уһ൱Ͷˡ
϶һĿ꣬϶Ŭɣ˵ǽ¶Ǹûᡣ
ΪԵʣҪ
ȻǶԷĶֻ֣ҪץסԷİѱҲһǿķ
ֻҪа޹֤ҵ˵һĴ
а޿ǴУ˫ˣ޿֪а޹ᣬԲȥ
Ҫ˵ħʾŵĸܱܲס˵ˡ
ֻϧȱ֤ݣȻץĸаޣȴ֪Ļ
ĿģĲݣȲżȥ
žâ⸽ͣһʱ䣬ܲҵʲôᡣ
ܹʲô֪ĹаޣֻҪƷɱ֪ܵˣ֤Ҳһ֡

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޿ͷħɽУԪڵӪУȴһа޴Ϣ
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ǻԪ׶ǰаӪأôȴĶ·һҪ֪аǱߣͬҲһߵͨǿħɽ
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ΪߵͨǿߣԪ׵ٶȼ죬ۣаǱߵħɽֻҪһʱ㹻ˡ
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ЩˣĺʵֻǵĻԪ׵İΣˡ
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ѽѽ⣬ǲ֪Ϣ޶Եġ
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ŶħʾŽ֮λȡԪ׵Ұġ
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Ȼа޾ôҪץסңΪβԶֻ֣Ҫĳһͨؾǿߣұֻܹ־ˡ
Ȼʶڹа֮Уһ˽پСӣ㲻ʲô
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483 а
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ʱҽ޿ħʾǰӪȡԪ׵ˣ׷׿ʼڹаС

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аƶˣ˵Ļټ٣ţǳȥ˵̱㱻ɱˡ
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ˡ
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а΢΢һ㶣漴Ц벻Ϊ˶ԸңŮ˳ս
˵аɫȴǱüΪء
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üͷ΢壬ƺЩϤ
֪޿ÿʮһδѡɣ
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˵ͷȻһʵ˵ѡĵڶؿҪԸԼͬȾľܹܣأ⾵İɣ

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486 ΡȻ
֪ӵֶΣԵءס˻ԪףʱΪԼʤȯա
ֻҪڽԪסʧ֡ɱ޿Ҳû취Σ
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꣡
˴һһˣٶûԪ׶Щ̾ΪֹȻΪܹܴǱġ
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488 շĽ
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˼ҿؾǿߣʵǿ̫࣬ӵеֶβܹģܹ֪һ㣬Ҳ̫֡
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ǰǹշҵħҶɹĽ𣿡
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а
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490 ս
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뵽ʱǰʥǸ꣬ԴЩаĴڣǺӣȻҲԸȴȽ磬߷졣


491 ̤쾳
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Ϊ濵£ƽʥɽȣҪΪӵıͱʥĨɱˡ
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ʱ˵Ұĺܴ󣬲濲δ⣬˵ԼҰҲܴΪ⡣

ܿ죬ص濸Լŵ羰ͥԺ
һأǲ濾;ԲóȻܳȥˣҽȥץʱͻƿ磬ûôʱҹ䡣
֮뿪ˣͥԺУֱӷöļҩ徽𵤣
徽̺ǬǾö켶ҩҪ࣬ӵĻֻеĲɡ
ڣȴܹУ徽еҪϵʱգΪ㣬ܹȫãûһ˿һ˷ѡ
ǰһ֮޿ģϧȴΪһԼ

徽𵤣оԼȫԡŨУˬѡ
ܿܵƬ֮ϵУѸٵķɱ䡣
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ţͬȾ£δ¹κˣ
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492 Լ˿
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پѰޣĶ֡
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޴ѡǿн˵ѹƵ˳Ȼξɱ϶ͺɱйء
ĻȻþĹӰɱһдļĴɱ似ܹ޴ѡ֮ǰһ¥۳ڵڶĹŲӰôս൱ֱַһ
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С濣ֻܿԽһս޷ѹסԷϾûļ似ƾǿͨԼӵеһļսܹԽһսѾǳ˲ˡ

һոһգһµʱܿȥ
ʱܹɹĹŲӰĻܹͬʱս˲䱬Ϊֲ
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˻ĹӰɱ˽֮⣬ѧһУֻأҲڴԲ磬˳Ȼ֮
Ȼֻأֻܹ֮һֻ֮Сƽײ⣬ֻҪֻ֮նϣ޾ֻ֮ӿڣǿʹʱ硣
ԭʩչֻأѾöֵ侳磬Ͼֻһֻ鼶似ˡ
ڣֻȻֻ֮֮ĵöֵ侳Чһγ֣ϲ⡣
ȻͨؾǿûʲôЧȴҲڴǽֻ򵽻ǸӵЧ
д裬ˡ
УġģҲ㶼һ֮ǰʮ
֮ǰǿᣬĵЧҲüΪԡ
ÿСĺģ뱬ͨؾܹѣɼĵĶĳ̶ȡ
ƽ˵ƾһܹսʤپĸˣΪپޣûа취ֵĶ㡣
һߣԷʲôս
˵̶һʱ䣬ʵٴǿ࣬Ψһϧǣ˶ೡεдսûܹϹ
Ҳ֪ΪϹżսҪϣǷҪһЩȽ
ڴˣҲֻǲ²⣬ûܹȷֻʱŵԺ
ƽдһ֮оԼ似Ѿƿʱһдˡ
ҲʱɽȴϢС濣ڳɹͻƵĵͨΪ޿ʷĵͨǿߣ
ǰأͬʱԼдսҪһ£λС似ĵ̶Ρ
յţûԥӦˣȴû˿¶Сħ΢Ц

һգƽһͥԺһС䳡䳡ƽﶼֻ濵˻
Сܣô͵ˣǱǸ˺ٺ١
ƽܹС䳡Ѿ׼ˣЩȴҲЩ֣Ͼд裬һģȴǰˡ
֣ǸˣԼ˿
Ȼ𣬻ûƽҪд裬ʱЩΡ
Լ˿
Сƽ϶ʱһ֮ɫ㣬㣬㾹ȻԼ˿ѵӦˡ
ʲôֻԼ˿дѡ
ЩɻĿСһۡ
СӶʱסˣ漴亹ֱŷԼȫˣ


493 ɫ
ȥһʱ䣬㿪ʼд衣
д裬似ٶȸһЩΪСΪƻսвֶΣֻѹΪҲܹѽѷ֡
Сƽġ
Ϊˣһֱд裬ƽˣСӼΪԹҪ֪дġ
ܿ죬СӾûпˣΪٽ޴ѡ濵⼸£Ҳ½½ͷ
ƽ֮ǰͺ˵ڼĻܹ¡
Ҫ˵£ʵҲǺǡʵʼսǿѣֻԼܵ濵ıӻͰȻԼ濵¡
ܿ죬ϴһòμΪĺӣԼĪʮ꣬羹ȻѾͨ
ϴ䣬似һʵΪֲͨǺйء
Ǻƴ濶Ķ֡
֮Сӱ俪ʼд裬ȴÿÿֻúСһĶͨʵܽСŰȥ
¼Ҳ൱ѺãڽԼʵѹдһ󣬶޿ڲ
һд裬䱻ѹŴ߶ܣߵ츳
رǼõһѫµ飬֪ܿˣǿãֵܿơ
䣬ȻµĴ磬˳Ϊϴ
СӣС壬ȻΪˡСߡ
֮ӵеƬͥԺҲˣǶһҲһͨǿߡ
˱ȽĮ˵ֻ濼Ϊ𾴣˵˵ȣȻ濣Ϊˡ
ˣһģŮһУֱԼС
УмְɣȻʵͦ˧̶ȴСƽеһƴ
ְɣĵͨͨЩԤЧΪҲûɵġ
еĵģһŮӣԼʮ꣬ͨΪŮЦ൱࣬Լȴά
СǸСѩ濲ͣ濴СѾߣԸ򣬲츳ȴҲΪԴѻ£ҲѾﵽ˶ͨľ硣
ܵ˵ˣڵĻֻһṳ̂ͨؾġ
ܹõһѫ£˽ǼΪȺӶδκ
޴ѡ֮ǰһʱ䣬˲д裬ԼʵսˮƽͬʱͨؾǿսҲЩ˽⡣
˽⵽޴ѡξУͨؾǿߵΪǿѹ˳ȴȻܹʩչͨġ
Զؾ˵޴ѡҲȫƽҪ֪ͨǿȿɱȺͨǿö࣬ȴļ似
Ȼļ似ܹ׶Σ϶ͨǿֻҪõļ似ļ似ǼΪѡ
֪Щ֪֮Լ޴ѡеɱﵣǴļ似űˣڻĹӰɱʱ仹̣ܹۻĹŲӰ֮⣬ɱ»ȲЩͨؾǿߵͨ
⣬Ҳ˼ξУֻܹ֮öֵʱ䣿
ñǿѹ˳ǿߣٴε侳絽ؾھأǼʩչͨǿߣܹ׶Ըˡ

޴ѡʼ֮ǰһʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
һʱ֮ڣЩϵĸоܹԤеֻҪһ໥Ϲ
ؼһȴûܹ޴ѡʼ֮ǰ̤ȥ
һգ޴ѡʸսɽпʼˡ
ͬʱҲ֪͵ϣҲһöʯȥ͵룬ܹöʯԣ֮ͨöʯ͵һþռ䣬Լľս
ֻҪܹսʤܹ޿ڶһ̤뵽ξ֮Уɱ
ξɱǰһܹʸ̤뵽޿ʥУȥһĻԵ
͵ϵ˵ֻҪ̤ǰһʸ񱻴͵޿
֪͵ĲŮɴ뿪͵ģ磬˲Ѫ쾧򣬴ӶƸ뿪
ǿ˵ͨ޴ѡڶʸսǳ򵥣սʤ˵ʲô¡
͵ϵ˵ܹͨڶսʤģٷ֮һ
һأı޵ս츳Ͼӵеģޱȫͬ似ս
ֻԼ似սӵսʤĿܣԼľܣˡ
λȥɣһ͡
濴ˣɽȥ
󣬺СƽͷһǰУһаˣÿһ޿һš
ܹһѫ£ѾΪ޿ˡ
һ·֮̾ޡ޵ȵȣС񣬲Ҷ˶˾⡣
Ͼ޿δҪһȥ죬޿Ȼǿ󣬵ƺԸһ
ڣСֳ츳˶ڴܹ޿漣Խĸף޿Ϊջʳǿ֮
ڣƷջʳֻҪ濵ܹϵȥһжпܡ
;̧ͷԶһˣҲɽȥǺȺˡ
Ǻӣ껹ûеʮ꣬磬ȴѾ̤ͨ츳Ϊֲһ棬ҲΪ޿ʦĳЩϵ⣬ױܹõ
Ǻ䣬ʮ̤ͨ꣬ˣҲ޿Ϊ֮һ
ɴ˿ɼǺӵ츳Ǳ޿صģȻͬ졣
ؿ̤ĵͨӣǺҲѰͻƵĻԵûмʱϺ񣬻£
ǺӼ濵ˣʱˬһЦֳһɫľУ濵˹ǺΪ׼СС⣬¡
۾ӹǺɫľУȴδ򿪣лʦˡ㣬Ȼ֪ʲôʦ͵Ķ϶ͬġ
濵Ǻӵ棬ֱӽɫľ͸ĿıҪΧ֪ӡ
ңһǺӵļһƽʥɽȣ
濴˾٣ҲʱһҲǺף㱳ʲô飬ܻΪѰع
ӹǺɫľУǺӵɫʱЩ


494 Ϭ
ֱӽǺ͵ĺɫתָⱾֱӴˡ
˵ȫûй˼Ǻӵĸܣֱ΢ЦŽǺɫд˿
һ򿪣ʱЦһЦһöⱦ꣬Ҳ˿ۣҶʲô˵ˡ
ǺɫڵģȻһöȭͷСⱦ꣡
öⱦ꣬ɫ貣켶սļòϣȭͷôһ飬޿һ궼Լ
濺Եƽ䡢񡢼ְɵˣǺɫУһ۱ȭͷСⱦ꣬ɫ΢䡣
˵ⱦ겢޿ϣǺͳȭͷСһöѾԸܵ⡣
Ѱ֮ˣĴָСһöⱦ꣬ǷΪģ
ڣȴ˵öⱦ꣬Ǻӵɫʱֱ䡣
ǺӣҲǼ㲻ٴˣÿһμ棬㶼Ҿȡ
ǺӵЩ˵˴Сⱦ겻㱦㻹ϣǺӵʮֺ棬õóõĶ͸
⻰һʱȺ޿ʼˡ
ǣħɽѰãԼߵļ۸ôһöⱦꡣ
һСӣҲ˴ԲѣЦ
ֵľóõĶʶʶòҪǸ
һȺɫΪƣΧɽȵ޶˹ʼָָ㣬׷
ⱦ꣬Ȼ㲻ʲô
磬ֱӴӻͳһöһȭͷСⱦ㿴óһ͸
öȭͷСⱦ꣬ɫ⣬ΧзŹ⣬ôⱦ꣬ǼΪѵõıû뵽ھȻųǰ
ֻϧڶϣ濵£˭òͷ
ûڣϻ޿һѫأɽȶ֣Ÿ޿ӿ㣬ҪŸ
飬û˻ġ
Ǻӣпǽ͸ˣȻȴǲֳܱƵĻš
öǲ٣˵Ĳôһöⱦ꣬ȷ㲻ʲô
Цţ˰֣ʾֱ
⻰ǺڴǺӵˡ
ʵϣǷƽʥɽ飬濶ǺӻһֱǿͿģ㿴ô˳ۣҲԵĴԷ
Ϊ޿¾Ȼƣ飬濵Ȼ͡
ȴζ鲻˭µ֣ǸȨ鲻ϢģҲֻǺˡ
ԣڻѾ϶ǱǺڸ
ȻǺӶֱˣƾʲôͲܴǺӵ
⻰ǺӸӲˬˡ
Ϊ޿Ĵӣһֱǰʦֵݳ֣ң濶һֱǿͿġ
ڣΪһ濾Ȼд
ǺݵĿһۣȴδ˵ʲôֻǿЦһЦ˵ǣ´Ǻұض׼õء
˵仰Ǻֱתȥ
һöⱦѣͲʲôö
ƲƲ죬ֱӴӻͳ߰öȭͷСⱦ꣬һһöȥĶҪж١
֮ǰħɽԼڵ˶ʮöȭͷСⱦ꣬ʱ˿ͳôöҲ㲻ʲô
֮ʱóȻҪٴһǺӣһﲻҪͽ´λ
֪Լôһ㣬Ǻ´񣬿ҪԴˡ
Ǵ֮Ҳ²⣬ƵʥɽУǺѲ˹ϵ
ȻȻҪǺܣ
˾٣߰öȭͷⱦ˳ʱ濵ȫ𾪵ʶĽӹⱦꡣ
䡢ְɡ濵ˣҲԽӹһöⱦ꣬ڵ
ȭͷⱦꣿ
û˼ıǣܹһó߰öģȴȫǵһμ
ΧΧ۵ˣҲȫһ߰öȭͷСⱦ̫꣬ˣ
˵ķӦѾ뿪ǺһȺˣҲ̲סͷһ
һǺӼҪѪĳ嶯
ȭͷСⱦ꣬ô˺õˣСӶ˦ʮööò˻
˵ʼǺ͵ĲʲôöΧ˻ڹǺӡ
ȻڿڹǺӣʵʵ˵
һ޶óʮööĶǺӾȻֻһö͸ԵǺ൱ˡ
ܵΧָָ㣬Ǻһ裬Ȼδ˵ʲôֻ˦תȥˡ
۶˵ʲôûôˡ

ǺӺ뿪ЦһЦ
ҿɲǵʲôط㣬ǺӣȻҪ鷳ɲ֮ˡ
кһ
ʼգ֪ǵǺˣȻǺʩչֶΣʥڵɽȣʬ𼣡
˴ΪֻȡصһϢˡ
ʵǺӵʱ򣬱ԲŹǺӣ
Сߡ
Ǻ뿪֮ȺеļְȷӦȭͷСⱦֱ꣬ð⣺ôȭͷⱦ꣬Ķģ򵥣򵥣Ƕûп͸㣡
һдΣÿ˶ȽϤˡ
ְô˵һЦҲ͸㰡硣
ҿ̹̹ص
ְһҡͷһ߼ȤĴǺӶֻСǰԱ񣬿ֻСܱǸ
Ҽͺˣ޴ѡǵһ
俴ˬЦܹ̤޴ѡǰһܳΪ޿һص˵Уǰ;
СߵĿ꣬ɲֻ޴ѡǰء
һԵĽ񣬼ƽôЦʱ˿ȴҲ¶ЦݣйԼضҪġΪĵӣǰȻûʲôѶȡ
ξ磬ǰСԲС߶֣Ҫ̤ǰ٣ûôء
ְЦοǰ伴ǣҲɾˣֱӽɱȥ˵ôģڽᵳӪ˽ѶԸ
СһЩΪϡ
˵˭֪ǲǲʲôɱﵣƽձֻ֣Ǳѣϣûһǲġ
С˵Ĳˣ˷ʱˣ߰ɡ
кһ˸濣ɽλöȥ


495 Բ
޴ѡʼɽеȫԾɽɽ˺ȴʯĵ
޿޿ռǧöʯЩʯ޴ѡʽʼʱͶŵ޿ЩյϣҲԳһö
ͨʯܹԳԼԣʯĻþռ䣬սԼľ
һԲԣ̭ʲߣҪһսһܹͨ޾Ͳˡ
һɽ㳡ϣ֮󣬴˴ᱻͶʮöʯڲڶ޸ϵԡ
ԴˣҲЩ棬֪ԼӰԵģԼԵĶûʲô⣬ȴ֪ԵһЩ
濣ҲμʯԣȻԼԣһԵϵȼǻ仯ġ
һϣżϣȫǲͬԵϵȼܷӳǿԵٶҲø졣
޿ޣϣͿ˵Ƿǳ˲ˣҪ֪޿Լֻ밵Ӱ弶ϰˡ
˸طվЪϢŹ㳡ϵԽԽࡣ
ǲټǺ˵Զվˣ濵ñȽԶɽȹ㳡ʮöʯǲһҪ濵һʯԡ
ոձҳһ£Ǻ澡ʧ˿ҪҸûһس
֮ʱֻǧ貹âɽĿס˷˿ȥ
ʮ貹âɽȹ㳡֮Уõȴŵһ󻶺
Сߣϰɡ
һöɢ貹âʯ濵˵ǰԶ
⣬öʯΧޣûһѷǰȥǸԵȴ濵ˣȡ
ְɣЦŶ˵꣬Ȼһǰɵڰյʯǰ
ֻҪִһʯܲԳԼϵԡ
ְһ˵ţһ߸ʾһ¡
ֻöʯɢ貹⻪ʱһɫâʯɢ
ӹâɫԿְϵǹԵģɫâְԵľȻﵽϣ
âһ֣ʱΧΧ۵޾
û뵽һ£ȻܹԵĴﵽϣ
ְɲ˧ӳΧתһȦɧĸΧĻ֮̾
󣬲ŲͷЦŵ˵ͷʾԡ
̽ܿ㴥öʯɢ貹⻪ʱһ⻪ֱӱָɫ
һΪϹâƵֱߣһǿɫâֱߡ
˫ϣӰĺģ
С߹Ȼ˵ãȻ˫Զֻһϣȵ̤ͨؾȻϵȼ
Թ˫֮ˣʷŨһʣϣС߲ʧ
˷׷̾¶ĵЦݡ
ʵ츳ԽǿȻڼϾԼˣվͬһߵġ
ؾޣĵϵȼֻһҪֻ̤뵽ͨؾС
ʯԱ֣ΧΧ۵Ǹ˷ˣȼְɵϸǾȡ
˫ϣ޿
ܹԵģսԴֶڶ࣬ӶܹӦָ״ǳѵá
濽ǰԡ
ļİӰϣˣͻƵĵ֮ͨǰ밵Ӱĵϵȼֻͻƣֱ밵ӰԵϳ̶һ
Ҳʵ֮ǰ˲ֹһΣϵȼһֱ۵ıֱͨǿһɴ˿ɼҪ̶ȡ
һһǰԣڣ˴ֻжϳ̶ȣҪһﵽļ̫ˣѰܹġ
ܿ죬濵˱ԣ˵һϢ
쿴ϳˡ
ְһԣ͵ⱦ꣬ȻǰһָָС
ģϾǺжԼ޴ѡҪڰ֮ǰС
ʱμʯԣȻҪúù۲۲죬ƴ˾кε츳
ܿ죬շɵʯǰ̽
ʯϹâɢɫ΢΢һ䣬һҫ۵ɫâʾŰ侹Ȼ뺮ԵĴﵽļϣ
ƽҲδиЩӣȻֻ˿ġ
ɫ뺮ļϣͨΪҶĶ֡
һȺУΪǿһûսʤ䣬ɼʵжô¡
ʵҵὫǼΪӣȻǿǵ츳ԡ
۾ҪûʵҲΪҵĵˡ
˵Ҳǡ
˵ͷΪȻ
ԣʼմźۣĶһƽ˵ȴҲųеİ䣬˵ѡĪҪŹ
˶ͰĶԼǳأϾ˵ĻɾǷߺɽһˡ
޿УʦǺӺʦ䣬濹ϵôˡ
ʦֲߺɽȴǼΪӲ濵Լһ˹ϵҪǼõġ
ǵõʱͰ䷢Լʱ򣬱ߺɽͦеĺ
ֻҪ䣬ߺɽǷһҪ
Ϊһ㣬Բ޴ѡ䣡
ļϳ̶ȣΣͬΪ˳Ϊδزһս
ųйɵİ䣬š
󣬳ڵĵطͶһм
ʮͨǿߣϺļϣʸһСӣ
ԴˣӶûκ壬ֻҪ׼޴ѡξŬˡ
Ȼɽڶ࣬ԲԲֻҪһʯâͿˣɽܹʮöʯٶȻǺܿġ
ʱ֣˲Ѿȫˡ
ţսԼĻڣһ֮أ޿һ˱һָ̭ʧȥμ޴ѡʸ
ԼľսѶȶԲ˵
һ˵⾵ӵһģһ似սô룬ԶԸ
ҶԸԼľ˶ԸҲͬ
۾˶ңҶǱûκΰ취ҾȴҲܹ
дĦžʩչսʽһ
ԸԼľղСһֶȥ̸ξн


496 ת齣
սǳģһս֮ˣǶԼаյޣ濣䣬Ǻӵˡ
һˣĲλԼľĻܾʯռг
Сߣ߰ɣúü͡
ߣͬڵİȫվ׼һС
֮⣬䡢ǺӵˣҲԼ׼ˣаһս׿ɽѾˡ
׿ɽԶԶ͸ޱȵķߺ֮ɫΪڰеĵλһǧɣ¶ûõʲôԴ
׿ɽȻֻ˽پΪȴѾ̤Ѿ
֤ԼǱٶȻԼľֻҪǸ죬Ұ䣬Ӧö켶ҩͻƾ硣
䵭Ķ׿ɽ˵
׿ɽŬ
׿ɽҧ˵
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ҪǾܾôбһ֮·вСĸӰ졣
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սǰǳԹģΪ޿ӵڣսĶһνȻ򵥺ܶࡣ
սʱ濺˶üͷ
սƽ
ҴӦ
ԼȴǴ˳֪ǰҪʲôҿǼǵãǰһö徽𵤣֪ΣҪʲô
仰ʱΧѻȸ
СӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻƺΪǰԴСҲǸʵ֮ǰӮ徽𵤵ȫȫڱӰ䣡
ðһĶʧתֳһĨ徽һΣҰ̫һΣ㲻κλᣬȻŵӦսˣҰ䣬սΪע
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ʵϣ濵ǲҪԴļ˫սܴӰӮ˫ǿǼõġ
ļս濶ۺı
ǣ䶼óļľת齣սˣôȻóѷɫھת齣Ķ
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ЦһļսϿɲֹһҲˣ㣬ϣ²ԹԽת齣
ģҰˣһԾŶ˵
ɫ˵⻰תȥλһ֤ڣСһʯռ䣬ս˭һûܳҪԼĴļս
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⣬Ϊʡʱ䡣
ڰ˵Ͳһˡ
ĶעǹԵսת齣ҪٶȻܾûоת齣ܡ
ðʱܵĽƻȻְ취ʧȥǿĹ̡
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ʱЦһô˶֤Ѳ㻹ĲɣҲûҪսȽڿϣˣٽս١
⻰еϧ侹Ȼϵ
˵Լʵ֪û˾ת齣Դļ˫սĻսֱ½٣ʤ㽫͡
ԭͶЩԲ̫׼Ȼܷת齣ˡ
û˾ת齣ԼûʲôܹսʤȻĵ
δ˵ʲôֻǵһЦ䲻ϵҲͰˣˣҲԼ䣬ΪԼųš
ڶ޵ΧУ˸Գʯ˹ȥ漴ųʯĴ͹ܣδǰһš
ÿһöʯһԲͬĶռ䣬սԼľ
ڣΪ˰˫ĶԼȴǼΪԾṳ̂ʯĶռУǷ׷ͷ໥۷׷ף˭ʤ
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⾵ȱݣ޷޵ս־츳
սܹڶ޵硢ѧ似ӵеսȴ޷޵ȱݡ
޵ľȻӵкȫһȴûһ˼ǵսȫֻƾ豾ܰˣ
ֻƾ豾ܣȴ˼һЩ㲻ǲսʤġ
رǶ԰˵ǵһԾ˵һԾѾͨʱˣھص㣬ѾǳϤ
ξʵΣԸһһûʲô⡣
ԸҪľϱΪǿ
ɫ䣬һԼľ漴ȫŷͨɽ˲䱬˳
һɵɽЯһޱȿɲĺľϮ˹ȥ
ƾ뺮ĵļϣһбԴݻͬǿˡ
Ȼľֱӱ㽫ֻܡ
ȴǰľޱ飬ȫͬŷһ󺮱ĵͬʱһͨȻ
һӺȻ٣ֱһɽǰֺ໥ʱ໥䶼һ˿Ѻۣ漴ΪƬ
Ĺȴδ
ΪͨǿߣѾͨս仯սʽΪ
һУ̱ʩչֶΣԾһͣЪĺ
һƬռвϱƬռضȫ
̤ͨңʵȻǰǿ˲٣ûʲô
üͷ΢΢һ壬ս£ۺʵҲԽԽǿԼҪͻԼķȻ൱ѡ
Ҫ֪ԼԼȱݵˣԼԸ˾ɼ侵ʵǶôǿᡣ
ԽǿҲʹޱԽ٣ԽԶԸ
վûдﵽĳ̶ȣԼһʱ䣬ڽԼľ׶סˣץס似ʱֵһӶɹ˾
ͨ似ܾһ׵ͨʽҪԼ似̸ף
ҲľôãڷԼ似һӶһٱ⣬춨ʤ֣
һʱ΢һ㣬Ѿͻ޿սʤԼٶȵļ¼СӣֻܸܰˣҰģ
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Ȼȴ֣ӭĲһ󻶺һȻ֮ɫ
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䣬֤ұʱ䣬նԼĹ涨Ӯˡ
䣬˵
⻰伸ЩţΧһۣȴǺһ˵ȷ磬ĿáʦãⳡĶˡ
ǺӵĻðʱҡ
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ֻһһʱ䣬㽫Լľˣ⼸޿޴ѡгɼõˣǰ֮У
ȻˣȻҪĻ侵
⣬ôܣ
ɫʱüΪⳡԼǹϵļսĹóΪעҲó˾ת齣
ת齣ǰΨһһѴļսԭҪƾٷ֮ٵʤʣϵӮȴû뵽ղûܻõҪԼľת齣ͳȥˣ
С̫ǿˣһʱ䶼û㽫Լľˣףװ
ֹǲףôٶȣѾԽ޿޴ѡļ¼ˣ
Ҳ֪εõ˳ɼģڲһʱڻľ漣
뾵սΪΪѵ飬ΪӵԼȫһʵ
ڵޣһ⣬ȫǹһйֶΣҲзֶΡ
ԼĹֶԸԼķֶΣر˫ЩֶζǳϤʱҪֳʤͷǳˣǿһ͵顣
ⲻܣ
ıЩ˹˻š
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˵Цһ
ʵϣܹôԼľԤ֮УΪˣŻ˺ԥĽܰĶԼս


498 ѡ
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ܶμ޴ѡڶֵޣԼһģһľǷǳģԸѡȴ
һ޶Ծ似ָƣ㹻ʱֶȥ˼ӦԣʤӦ߲١
Ȼʵϣ˱սȴսʤûκΰ
ΪЩȫӵͬսΨǷȱıսʶǣֻҪһʱ侵Ϥսʽսֱ
սܣȫԴΪߵֻ֪ҪþϤ޵սʽжô޴
似սȵȣᱻҵƵİ취޶ֲӵʵ©
һսʱԽԲμ޴ѡ޾Խǲö֮ٷ֮ٻᱻѹơ
ϾҪսʶûܹȵ̤ؾǿߣ
ԣԸҪıսپþûʱȥϤӵе
˵ķʯľռ֮ȫûκͣ٣ֱʩչǿĹֶΡĹӰɱ
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ִ֮£ֻüʩչȸһɱĴļ似漴һʩչĹӰɱҪš
Ǵʱ˿̣ȴֱӿӰ뱾һ𣬳ŶԷһӰ⣬ͨʩչֱӱֲƣһӰ򱬣
ȥֱӱࡣ
ʱ䣬˾ʯĶռ˳
һ֣Χ˶ʱɢһȻôͽ˾ʵ𾪣
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ԭ򣬱Լ似ǳ˽⣬Ϊȱ㡣
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ˣͨһսҲԼյĸֶ©ˣУܹԵȥĵЩȱ©
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ȷ˾ˣΪ޿ĵӣƽﾭʦ̵һ;ΪıϲԼäĿԴ
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츳ô죬̬õĻǰа;زۣҲƽˡ
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䡢ְɡһ濵£Ҳȫһ̤ʯĶռУʼľս

뾵սҹ
ֱ֮ѾͥԺϢ似һЩСƽڻϲص˹
СܣҿǸһϢͻϢĸ
Сǰ˵
˵Ϣɡ
΢΢һЦ黹㲻뱻Ϣֱƻ顣
Ϣǣʸμ޴ѡֵѾˣУõڵ͵
Сֱ˵̯һЦ˵͵ϣܲμ޴ѡֵˣһٶѾв٣˸һˣ㿴
ԣԴΪȤǰȥһ˲Ϥ֣һϲ
ϣʵ붼û뵽ˣ
УӳĵȻǻɳǵ֮һҶˣҶֱӵв׵츳ܹͨ޴ѡĿ飬⡣
֮⣬ͬΪɳǵ֮һѩһͨ˵ڶѡΣΪ͵ѡ޴ѡֵѡ֮һ
˵˵ֳУĻôһЩ˵һ
Ʒ壬Сɣܰܣ־Ȼȫ֮ϣ
֮⣬вϤ֣УŮȻҲǸԵľͨ޴ѡĵڶѡΡ
ջīţУҲ֮УһвϤˣƹĳġĸŮڴƹĪҵꡭϦ裿СѾͷȻҲͨ޴ѡĵڶѡΣ
һ·۲ɫԽԽȡ


499 ξ
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˵أ𰡢ϦСѾͷǼȫ̫ܻľͨ޴ѡĵڶֿġ
濵İæǾͲ˵ˣֻҪ㽫˵һ˵͵ؼĵҩȵȣڷ˵á
Ҳ˵п޴ѡĵ֣ξɱˣ
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ʵϣξɱУѱˣ˭ʤ˭δ֪
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λʧڷ˵Ҳʲô޷غֲ顣
˵޴ѡ֣ξɱаܸ˰䣬ôĴ²С
Ĳ˵Ƿʦֲߺɽ飬㹻̬ƽˡ
˵Ҫ߲εľ磬̬ΪҪġ
һ̬ȣҪͻ磬ͻüΪѣɲҪԵ״
ֻԼ㹻ǿ󣬲ܴӸϱҵֵܣѣˡξУôɱᶪԼΪء
뵽
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Ȼξ缫ΪܹʮнɱҪԼʶˣҲǼ׵顣
͵ϻʸѣ಻ʮ˶ѣҪϣ̫С£ҪԼŬС
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Щʶ֮⣬вʶȴôѺõˣҲһͨ޴ѡڶ֣ɹӵ˽ξɱʸ
Ǳƽ꼧棬ԴʥŮѩᰣӰţĬ䣡
ˣǺջīšԦһͱԺţܹ̤޴ѡ֣Ҳ̫⡣
⣬һϤԲڵУ
ջīĸ磬ʮʱɱ˸ף뿪ռңͱԺֱڿϣС
ߵ޴ѡһܹһԾܹһ̤뵽Ĺ֮УӴŸǿľ
ɱ֮ˣҲʸ׷£
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ƾʵʵʵУص͵Ǿ޵еĴڡ
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ȪϱڣֻϱڣϱڣӦöܹǷܰɾûʲôð취ֵܹˡ
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Ǿͺá
ԣ΢ģȴҲûȫġ
Ϊ֪ξɱǰٷ֮ٲˣһǿľ񹥻޷ֵĻ־ᱻ𣬱൱ˣ

ֹ֮󣬻ʸμ޴ѡֵڳˡ
޿ڣܹʮʮޣʸμξɱ
޴ѡĵڶ֣ľͨʲٷ֮һղμξɱޣʮɴ˿ɼ޿ӵм츳֮ˣж١
Ϊеٮٮߣܹ̤ĵͨҲˡ
һգ޴ѡֿʼ
ˣֱӷƯ޹㳡ϿյʯͨʯֱӴ͵ξС
ÿһ˽ξ֮λȫģҪһٴɲʲô׵顣
ңÿһ޴ѡξĵΣȫһģΪ濵ĸ׵µξ磬ÿһʱͻ仯ġ
˵ĳйμξɱľ飬һ˵ЩҲûʲô̫ôġ
ξУܹıֻԼ
˵綼ѹƵ˳ĳ̶ȣܹʤģϱ޸ʡ似Ʒ̶ȣԼսˡ
ȻҪĻսʶȻһ˵Ȼʲôѵ㡣
ӵмǿսʶ츳ں˶˳Ϊսκƣ
˫ۣӳıһƬޱ޼ʵĺڰռ䡣
˫΢΢һоǰƬڿռУһģʱ˿̣վǲֲڵĵϡ
Χϰϰϴصܵһ˿ʡ
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һֱ̧֣׷Ϊ⡣
һöС̫ģ׹ֱɢǿҵĹâΧռ䣬֣⾹Ȼһɽ
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ܣӾ
ڰĵطʩչ׷ܣ˵Ļ϶һʱ䷢ӰӶ͵Ϯ
Ҫ֪޴ѡ֣ξеɱݵģ˭ɱˣõķ࣡


500 
δ뵽һξĳȻһƬ谵ĵ¿ռ䣬ֲָΨʩչ׷⣬ܹΧ
ͷų׷ʱ̱㾯
Ȼͷų׷򣬹۲ΧʱӰкȻһӰ͵Ϯ
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˲ûмȫûʲô䱸һ󺮱ط㳯ɱ˹
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Ϯܱ۳һϣȻǻȪϱֻϱϵķֶΣ
ͬΪ˳ΪԷͷų󺮱û취ͻеķ

һָʱһ׷֣γһ׷⣬漴ⱬһ⣬ͻȻϮӰڡ
⣬һֺͨ׷ʩչƻԶѰĵؼ似ﵽ켶似ĲΡ
ֻһУ㽫͵ϮӰֱӻ𣬺ξ硣
ɱӣ
ξɱһˣܵԼɢĳɱ⡣
ɱ⣬ƺͬξе޾Ǳ˽ɱܹϵЩɱ⡣
ξɱ֮󣬽ɱŨ̶ȣȡõĳɼɱ֮Խ࣬ɱԽŨ
ǳɫɱ⣬ǵһɱɫѣղʺɫȻеĻҪﵽɫĵɱ⣬ܹ̤ǰһ
֮ǰ濺ƽǶԼ˵Ļ㳹˽вɱ׼
ÿһξеˣȫΪɱɱԽ࣬Խ㹻ܵõɱۣͬʱǿɱ
̤ξ翪ʼÿ޾ֻһҪôɱȥҪôֵһΪ޿Ͽɵǿߣõ̤޿ʥصʸ
ɱһ۳ǳɫɱ⣬ȻŸոտʼѡ
ξص׿ռУųʮ˵ǿޣҪΪǰ̸ף
ǿǿ֮䣬ս棡

ʱȥ
ƬһƬֲָĵص׿ռдУ΢Ϥһµ֮ջ׷۳Ĺ򣬿ʼֱ֪̽ѰΧ
һױ˷֣Ҹ͵ϮˣΪƬξĵص׿ռУ˶ͷų˻⣬
ˣ˵ȫǻӣرǿʵ£ûʲôֵܹһС
ƬξУҶ˳ΪҪѹסǲܵ顣
ҪԾ͸ˡ
ֻҪ⣬̤ǰǾԵ飬ܲܳ䣬͵ÿȥˡ
Ҷܽɱ˵ͬʱ޶ȵıԼȫʱҲ͵Ϯɱ˰˶ѡ
ںڰ֮У˼š
ʱ֮ɱ˰ˣϱѾ˵ǳɫɱ⣬ȫӶ˹
ʱ˿̣ϵɱѾΪǳɫΪ˵ڶɱ⣬עĿҷǳױ˸ܵ
£һЩԼûʲôĵޣȻˣһܵϵǳɫɱ⣬ֱԶԶÿᡣ
ֻвٶԼʮޣŻ鷳ˣҲΪϲһˡ
Ҫ˶Ļû취ɱ̫ˣɲ˿
һɫɱֵӰȻһһʯ֮˳ںڰгʩչɱС
ܵ洫һϢɫһ˲ɽֱ׷⣬ⱬ
ȻɢȥɫɱӰȴһֱӶ㿪˹ⱬķΧɼ͵Ϯʱ˲һ׼ӶԼһ·
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΢̣һȭɱȥľķ֮
űĵһ˶ʱ𣬽͵ϮӰֱ˺ü󲽣һѪ
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˳һ˲ԼˣֱתҪܡ
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ӰΧŵɫɱ⣬Ҳȫյϣǳɫɱ΢һ㡣
ƺɱһ˱ܵõɫɱ⣬ɱʮ˱ǳɫɱ⣬ô˵ҪۻɫɱĻٵɱ˲ˣȻеĶϱвɱ⣬ֱӶյĻ졣
ǰһŸ㶮һɱˡ
ξĹ򣬲ӣΪ׶Ҫȴס
ɱ͵Ϯ֮󣬼ǰнܿһƬޱȵ󸽽
𡣡
ҪնȻȴξУֻӵ˳ΪҲɲ죬ˣξĵص磬Ȼһѹס޷ɸߵʮ֮ϡ
Ƭƺǳʺ͵ϮһСˡ
δκεģޱȵĳǰȥƬϿգǳɫɱԵøۡ
Ȼһ֮ǰģĴ˹ע
ô˴򶷣ǲǿܵĻֱȥһ̣˫ȫɵ
д뷨ֱӳŴ򶷴Ȼȥͬʱʩչĵ
ʩչ޾൱أԲ£ʩչ
Ҫһ̣͵Ϯһ±ˣʩչһıǱҪֶˡ
ǰʱȴЩ⡣
ǰϷսһȻˡ͵ϵţ
׳ʱȻƤֳʥѡеõǰƷĳ趯û磬ȫһɫɱ⣬һ׺֮ɫ
ΧȻ޽ΧɷӣȻ·ٵСŻ
СŻξзǳ
Ϊÿ˶˳ΪͷǳҪˣ̤ξ֮󣬱·СŻɱޣӶԼܶĻɱ⡣
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СŻУһ֮˺ٺһЦ˾ɫɱ⣬ֵɱˣҶԼõģǿɲ
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һ׳ȴֱ˿ڿˮ۳ɫɱ⣬ѰӦһ֣˭ֱ˭ģ
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һݿµĸճ˵ʱΧмȴȻХһֳֳ趯˲佫ȫڣ


501 ѪӰ
ʩչģһԣδż֡
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ɫȣСѾ֣ɼʵףЩͬѰɱﵡ
۾һԣ׼ȿʵҪŲеĻٳ
˻Ϊ˭ɱŶ۵ʱžȻȶ֣âͬˣΧ˺ȻϮ˳ȥ
Сӣȶ֣ȷ˭ɱɣ
Ǹ˵֮ˣ¶һĨ̵ЦһȻ˳ȥȻֱӽϮĨ飡
ˣȻҲʩչͨ
ڰ˫һУ֮˦ֶΣǺͨɡ
ͨ൱ǿ似ǵؼĺͨԱȵ켶似ǿȣ켶ĺͨǸһ̶ļ似һۣ
ǰ֮ˣʩչĵȻ켶ĺֻͨǵؼĺͨҲԲֵܹġ
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һĶԼԲʧܣҪȻĿɲֻ濵ʦ֣ߺɽ
ϵɱ⣬ҲתΪǳɫˡ
һϣ˵
ְæ֮ǰѾɱ֮ˣ˶Էɱ⣬ȫֵɱΪ˳ɫ
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üͷ΢壺Ҫʸ񱻴͵˵Ҫ̤ѡεǰһҲ֪ܹж˲μѡΡ
ܹʮˣܹ߳ɫɱ⣬Ѿӵб͵ʸ񡣡
ЦһЦ˵Ǳ޿ģ켶ĺͨ似ǻ̤ǰһ̫Щ
ŵ츳ͲһһĺݾսΪ׺ݡ
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502 ѩ᰼
˵Ҳ˵ͷҲǡ
˺ѪӰ켶ͨ似ǳԽ͵似ĴڣҪǻƾ뿪͵ĻҲ̫ˡ
ȻˣǾһɣ໥иӦ
˵
ֵܵġ
źٺһЦ˵ĻȻܾһжĻȷᰲȫࡣ
ǸոȻŵܹǳɵĻһ֣ǻһΧĻȫ޷мˡ
Ҫ֪ξвɱޣȫǾ޴ѡǰѡεģҲǰһţÿһߡ
ȻЩ޵ȫѹƵ˳ľ磬ǵսʶڣѧ似ʹá
Ȼ켶ĺͨ似Ҫһж࣬ѶȻǷǳġ
ǿط򣬾ķ򣬻ģ˴ļ似һ켶ͨؾ似ǿ
⣬Ҳξơ
˵綼ѹͬ˳ս˶Ҫǿö࣡
ǣͨؾǿߣܹʩչͨǶԸǻһЩ鷳
˽УϷʮɸߴԶǰС
ҪⳡɱеõõĳɼҪɱޣԼϵɱøŨ

ĳǰеʱ򣬾ĲԶڷһҵɱ
͵ϵޣѩᰣξ棬ȻСӣһξǰС
ʼʱ֣ɱü䵥ޣǳɫɱ⡣
ȻǿһƬϷʱȴͻȻϮصȻͻһ㣬ɱˣ
ޣһܾˣѩˣʱͬһ㣬͸ųɫɱ⣬ƱҪ˺ɷ顣
Сģ
Ϊ͵ϣԭƽţڼͱԺ֮󣬵õ൱ʵǳѸ١
ۿŶԷɱֱʩչ⣬Լƽķд߶ֲ˲䱬
ȻԷô˵֣ÿ϶ųɫɱ⣬һͶߡ
Ӵеؼĺͨ
֮Уһ΢̣ЩϷʵ³仰漴һ̧֣һѩ׽Ȼͬһ¹⣬̼˼ȫ
ûκεֿʩչ⣬ȴҲȫֵסԷѩ¹⽣
ɲ֮䣬㱻ǵѩ¹⽣֣Ȼ㱻ն촷ۡ
ۿһĻǰͬ͵ʥԺĵӣѩɫʱ䣬ǷӦ죬̵λԵαξҲܸһ㱣ϣ
⻰˵˽Χ룬һ
ЦЦʵ̫ǣûʲôԡҲԣңҲԸһЩԣǣȥնչ
ѩԣɫ΢΢һ䣬̫Σˣתһ룬ӦĻ̱ɱˣ
ֻһ̵˵ͷû⣬ҿΪȥձ˹Ҽǣ
ѩ᰿԰ΪףսΪǿᣬʩչǵѩ¹⽣ǱǿĴڡ
ǿߣξбӵмƣ˵ǻһ
ѩ룬ԼǸЩˣֻǼ©ҲܹɱˣҪ뿪͵
ˣÿɱ֮ɱһȥձ˹ˡ
ĵ˵ͷȻһһ۵˻֡
ǺĿ΢΢һ̣㽫һڹͷųֱӲѩϣ㲻Ҫˣ߳ûߣҿȡ
ѩᰱһڹסʱоȫЩĸоһڹȫһ
Ǻ˵ֻҪѩκ춯ֱȡѩᰵ
ôϸƤĹ㾹˶֣
һŴ۵Ĺͷ꣬ʱٺһЦ罫ңҿһԹѣ
⻰ѩԭӶʱɷһƬҪĻȥˣξҲ˶һ뿪͵Ļˡ
ˣ죬˿ˣ
Ϊ׵İȴһһֱúʹ۹ͷһ̱׷ʩչֶΣѩǰֱʧ
ڣ˾ȻһʱʧӰ٣˸֮С
ѩôų֪޷˵Ĵڣɼ˵ʵףڲμξɱǿУ˶վǰеĴڡ
ǰȻˣȰ˵ЩȦ
ѩ᰸ܵԶ˷Ķæʼ׼

һ𼲷ǰУܿǰһɫȹӰϿգе·֪Ķһ㡣
ѩᰡ
ż״ʱЩ죺ѩڼͱԺ֮츳൱Ҷʸɣ֮ǰջī
ѩᰡ
΢΢۾ѩᰴŰɫȹӰ뵽˵ʱʥѡзһЩ顣
ʥѡУδѩ᰷ʲôͻҲûʲô̫ϵȴ벻ξ˶Է
ҪҲһ𣿡
ЩԥͷһۣȻ⡣
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˵ͷδԣȴҲû޳ɣΪѾͨĵĸ֪֣ѩһɫвѩᰣ
һɫǿȾԲֹ켶似ĲΣпĳֶͨΡ
ѩᰣȻͨô˵Ůӻʲô顭
дžģһ𿿽ѩᰡ
Ȼǡ
ſѩҲ˵ݣʱһ
ڼţѩᰲǷǳ⣬ΪѾ֪źһ̤뵽ξ
Ǽȴѩᰳһ󾪡
ΪѾûмˣ͵ϣֻźйصĴ˵˵ߣ͵Ȼƿǧ뿪͵
ΣȴԶֻ֪ѩᰱ㲢ˡ
Ĳλ̫ͣվֻһЩ԰ˡ
ټѩȻһ˵һΪǿᲢҸ츳ޣôʱ䲻ʵضѾøǿ
ȻˣܷԸǰ飿
ԴˣѩгŻ̬ȣҪǣΣڵѩֻһѡǾǽ˴ǰ˵İΧȦڣ


503 ˲ɱ
ѩᰱϲδ¶κΨжԼľȣǾɶϡ
Ȼ㣬þò
ѩ᰿ڱӭ欣ȴȻġ
ȻԽˣԽǸоЩԾ˵ѩ᰼ڻŶԡ
ľĸ
ţͣʲô
ʵдЩɻ
ҷŻһˣ˵ˣֻЪϢһ󡣡
ѩɨһۣ磬΢һ£ֻҪһʱ䣬ָܻˣһжΣ
һжǲϾ˶󣬲ܵΣҪҪ
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Ӧ޷̫ΣˣǻǵȽĵطȥɡ
ѩһ˵ţһ߱㳯·ȥ
ûֱ̫࣬ӱȥȻʱ·Ȼһѩ¹⽣ֱϮţ
ź׼һѩ¹⽣ٶ⧲ֻüֳһĨ֮ɫ漴·Ҫѩ¹⽣˺顣
һ̡
Ȼͨ
һЦԭڶԷѩ¹⽣һֵʱ㷴ӦһʱӦ֮ߡ
ֻֻ֮ϱڣ
һֻ֮ɵҳУһӣһɫֻؽӿҹ⻮Էǵѩ¹⽣ʱǽһ벻ֹ
ֻܹ֮似䱾ʵֱһּսֶΣûʲôƻ
ֻ֮һֱӽԷͨһͬʱֻϱҲ˳һҹâϸֱֳ˶Էǵѩ¹⽣ǰ
ۣ
ֻϱͨʱ򣬾Ȼһл飬ţǱһͨҲû˸һֻϱȫ˻ȥ
ͻȻ͵Ϯİ״ɫ΢䣬漴һ֣һѩɫϸǰ׾ٵסǷͨ
ͬʱһĺꡢ۹ͷ꣬Ҳͬһʱ䷢ƣĿֱָ
ӷһĻǱ֪֮䣬ȻвһЩǵȻҪȳġ
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꣬۳ڹâȻΪצֱֱĿɱ
ܵͨףѩᰱǱˡ
ȫѩᰣȴֱɱпѩ˶Щ壡
һȻ߱ͨ
˫һУڿɲпʱ
˵ͨΨһѡս
ԸͨͿ϶ֻóѰֶˣǲʩչģߴļ似޷ѹȥпܱ˸ɱ
зǳԼǿĵطʲôطԼʲôӦñʵʲôӦȫ֡
ĹӰɱ
ûκԥֱʩչļ似ֻһ̣ԼĲӰϷ뿪ԻһУֱֱ̽˶Է֮ͨС
۵Ĺͷ꣬ΪѪɫУҪУΪѪɫеѪʳ
Ȼһ̣һĹŲӰΪУֱѪɫУȻɱ㽫Ѫɫиɢ
һΪеĻĹŲӰʩչӰԼٶնǺڹצ
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۵Ĺͷ꣬ɫ΢䣬ܵеĿֲ˶ȷһоǴļ似򲻿ܽǵͨȥ
һУħʾŵħɱ𣿲ЩӰƺǿһЩӰ൱ڽ˵սֱӰһ˿ơ
۵Ĺͷ˸а⣬ΧЩĹŲӰѪɫУȻѸڰһգۼǰֻһѪɫ⡣

۵Ĺͷۿϵǳɫɱ⣬֪˶ȻöԸôöԸҲ׷ŹҪֻ֪Ҫɱô۵ɱ⣬ȫġ
ڶǿͨţҲûҪ߶ѪɫȥΧɡ
Ȼȴһһ˲Ӵ۵Ĺͷ˶ʱ˰֮С
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һʩչ۵ĹͷʱסֻƬ̣۵Ĺͷֱӱѿûܼһʱ䡣
һõĸˣ˵´ʩչܹ˳򵽳Ȼ֮ˡ
˸žâܹűһ似򵽸һôʵһΡ
ڣǻ˵򣬱ϾҪļ似򵽳Ȼ֮ô׵顣
ѾǸżҪǸżҪŬС
ʩչһķ۵Ĺͷ곹֣㽫飬ѹ
ͷϵɱ⣬ȫգΧֵɱɫһЩ
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ֳУ˻һ⣬㳯꼲̶ȥ
ӿڹâϳео£滮ڵϿգɱꡣ
Ǻ״ʱӦ˴۹ͷǰ֮ȫСڵˣʱһ
һ̣˲һһڲƳΧɢǿĳͼ˿ȥ
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ϸֳһĨŵɫ漴˻Ϊ׹⣬ξ˳ȥʧȥ˼ɱʸ
ֻ˲䣬ɱˣһĻúͷĿɿڴѩŴ죬׺ϲ£
ͨǿߣΪѹ˳ʵҲӦüΪǿŶԡ
ڣȴһɱˣһ꣬ҲڱĹŲӰΧ᧿Σ


504 𺣽ʬ
ƵѸת䣬һԽŵѩɫ΢䣬˫г˸ӵɫ˲ɱ˵
ʵ̫ˣôһζ̶̵ʱ䣬ȻѾﵽĳ̶ȡ
ѩ᰿Цһ
ʱѩ֮ʼͱԺʱȻδɾؾȴѾո¶ͷǣʥѡдͷ
ʱǨٴγǰѾñеĸΪǿ
û´Ļ꣬ͺ꣬Ӧöͨؾǿߣűʩչ˸ԵͨȻˣ˲ܡ
ѩܵԼ֮Ĳ࣬ҲЩ֪һζԴ
ǰֻʱ⣬ţֵѩˡ
Ҫֱ뿪ȴһԻҪôߣǲܵ顣
ɣյҲ֮٣ûκѡ񡣡
ѩôţȻˣ˵˵ΪңһȡһһжںξпɾͰȫˡ
һˣѩᰱ㶨ϸų
УǰսΪңǰ겻ʩչͨѩ¹⽣Ϯ
ĹƼΪңȻĹŲӰȴ總֮ʼհΧ࣬ΪУ·Ҫ˶
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˲ɱˣĹŲӰһԸ꣬ѹ
ס֣޿ѰڵţɱңҲ̤ǰض⵽Ѱڵı
ǰ֧Ųסʱ˵Լĺ̨Ҫס
Ͼξ粻㽫ɱҲ޷ڣǿӣʱѰײˡ
ʵУ㲻ôвǻóһЩôջˡ
ξУһĵطɱңΪξͲɱ㣿
ȴ۾ӶԷв
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֪Ǹʲôţֻ֮ǰ޿ӰȷСȻΣĺ̨޿濣
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ɱ֣ĹŲӰֳУֱɱǰꡣ
ôõĲͱĻĹŲӰƵ;ƿݣʱ˿ɱУʱֻܱɱ
ɱ
˫ͨ죬͸һѩ¹⽣γһ˳ΧܣȻƾ˽ĹƵֵסˡ
ȻĹȴһһ˿ĴϢᡣ
ӲдӸͬɱ˰꣬ļ似ĹӰɱͬһ㽵ڰϡ
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һƺõսȴһ˽һȫնɱ
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ȴ˵һ䣬仰ΪȻ
ţͷһһԵѩᰣѩᰣǹ⽫˵أִ֮У
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ֻϧȫûпŮӵķϴΪʧ䡣

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һ֮նɱͨؾĶ֣ȫֵɱɫøˣĹ㣬ֻҪɱɱܽΪأΪ֮ɫ
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һһĻ˭Ķ֣ոҪмǿĻҪԸҲס
ţǰνѰڵŵӣҲǸո̤ͨؾˣԶԶ㲻ʲôǿߡ
ǰ䣬ڵض˿ս֮С
䣬ͨǿߣѾͨؼ汸ʵ֮ǿᣬԲѰڵĵܹȵġ
ο߿׷ߣȻξЩ˲һܹһ𣬵ֻҪһ֣Ҳһɼǿ
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ԶһƬӳ˵С
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ȴһƬУȻкüӰսͷһƬڣȫʧȥϢ
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׵֮飬Ͻɫԣ˫ϵĽɫۼ׵ӳ䲻ɫ˫۳ΧɨӣΪԵ˵仰
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Ȼˣ֮鵱ȻŹ
һ𣬺ɱ
֮鳯ָһָ˭ɱཱһ켶ս
⻰һʱ󽫽ʮ
ֻҪɱһˣܽ켶սƽʱʱĺ£
һʱ䣬֮Լڣʮ˾Ȼͬʱɱ˹
תͶӪһΪ飡
ʱѾ֮ӰĬ䣬һӸµģԶԶųЦһʲôǰ;޿֮ڴˣ֮·һѡ񣡡
α˼ʣ
һȫΪ
ͬΪ޵ķϣҸָһ·û뵽㾹˲ʶ̧٣Ȼˣֱȥɡ
ĬһЦ˿ûж˵ֱӳųɱ˹
ɱңҲ̫Щ
Ц
ʵϣܺĬһ·ߵڣ֮⣬һҪԭǱǳһҲǵõ˿濵İ
켶ĺͨ似ͬӵУһбȽޣ֮ǰĬһսʱδĬ䷢һС
򵥵˵ڳʵһĬҪǿöࡣ
ûгĻĬߵڣܸ֮߹Ļᣡ
ȻڣĬ侹ȻֱӷѵҪɱɼ˼ݶ
ӣ
ۿŶʮһɱ˹ȴ侲ޱȣһ׳漴Ѹ
ʱؾǿߣҪѺܴܹƿĴļ
ξó˵Ӧ޵еĲŶԣûκܹ˺һ˿һ
Ȼܿ죬ȴֲˡ
ͳһĵ߲ռУ֮ǽʮ£ͨ似֮ϡ
ʱȻζ֮ϾȻ˲Ѻۣ
̫ξУķһЩơ
֪ͫξвǾ԰ȫĳˡ
磬վֻһξΪȷ޴ѡĹƽԣ˵޶ҲǺ顣
˵һɾЩ鷳ˡ
ֻƴһսˡ
źͳ˵ͷȫֳصɫ
һ̣ͬʱ
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һʱΧһƬɫѩռ䶼ΪԼ
ѩУ˵սᱻ̶ܴȵѪȴʱ֮Ӷøǿ
Ȫ֮
ԻȪ򵽼»ĻȪ֮ѩЧһȽһЩڵ£ֻһݣҲ뽫ץס
˫ɢ˲佫֮ڵĶʮڡ
ͬʱ߶ֱӳǶʮײȥм佫Ƕʮ˷ֳ
ɱ
һһЯĹŲӰһ߾ɱ˹ȥ
ˣǸոɱˣӶʸ뵽֮Ķȥġ
ܹڷɱˣÿ˶ߣʱ˿̼ǹƥɱһ¶׺֮ɫ
׵磬溮ʽطͨǾۣ漴ƿռ䣬Ҫ˺ɱ
Ȼһ̣ԼĹŲӰȴΪ͸״̬ʩչȸصһռȥˡ
Է˵ĵһƣȫܿͬʱǾ˵ĸϣһѿڣʯŵϵȥ
ڣȫ
оһűпռȡսļսת齣Լ켶ƷսѪӰս죡
۳ĹŲӰ޶£һֳ־ת齣һֳѪӰս죬㳯ŶԷȺгɱȥ
ת齣һɨɽ⣬սԭڰģȴ֮ǰ޴ѡڶֵʱ
ʱĻĹŲӰУȻ޷ӳȫǰЩ˵ȴҲǼΪµĴڡ
ɨǾ˷׷ʩչԵķֶΣ׵һ̱㽫ת齣۳Ľֵס
ȻţһĹŲӰֳѪӰս죬ԶԶһӣһѪɫȻϮȥǾȫڡ
켶ƷսѪӰս죬ԭħʾŸӵУĻĹŲӰУҲӳ˼Ϊֲ
ĹŲӰƾת齣ѪӰս죬Ȼ㽫ǾʱԵסˣ
Ȼ϶ܳ־ãֻҪʱ䣬ĹŲӰᱻơ
⼸ʱ䣬˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ű⻯֮֮ɱСǰұ㽫ԲĲΣʩչѩ˶֣Ҷһеµͻơ
źâ˫ȭž̬֮֮Ȼ𽥸˳
űȻ֮ձ鱬űĵ͵߱⻯֮ĲΣ޷룡
˳Ȼ֮Ĵļ似ԲѰֵܹġ
һһ֮˸Ĺ⣬Ծǿ߶侲ޱȣţĹŲӰǾֺɢʱе֮ڳ͡
ձ
űֱʩչʱֱԾ֮⻯ľ֮ȻǾ˾ۼ֮Ϯȥ
֮ϵ¶ֻ֮˲ɱǾ룬һ߿Ȼ죡
һ֮ɵˣΧӿɢ·һһˣǾȫɿȥ
һ𣬼о˳ΪձĿ̯꣬ձȻȴҲǾھһҷӿѪ
ֻһУþȫܵˡ
ˣĹȴδ
鱬
ɱֱ֣۵ľ֮һ쳹ص˳ȥһԭձӰ쵽ľˣ׷׸оʲôҪ
ʩչձʱڱ㱻˾֮֮ʴ
ŵ鱬Щ֮˲䱬ֻһգ۵ĹÿھѪܺ͵׷ױѿ
ձ鱬
Ǿ˱·Ǵһıڣ֮㱬˿ըһƬѪ漴׹˸Ǿȫ˳ȥ
һһ֮Ƭʱ֮ںɱˣ֮һ֡
Ҳʱ֮һ˵ڱֺ֮飬֮ǰɧ֮ǵźͳҲֱصԡ
˶ʮˣԷлһĵͨͨǿߣ֮飡


509 ֶ
ű򵽳Ȼ֮ʩչձ鱬Ȼ˲佫ǿֱɱһĻøոսƵ֮Ϊ֮ɫ䡣
˿ֲֶΣ֮飬ͨŶʩչ
ƣš˾ۼһ֮Լʣµʮ¡
ΧˣҪǱɱˣǼƲԶˡ
Щ˵֮ջǣ֮Կǲ̫ܵ飬Աֱ뿪˴˵ء
ɱ֮ξмΪټҲֻǿ߲ܹõ֣ϲԼʵǿɱ֮Ǹѡ
磬ǿǾŸˣҪǻң϶һ㱻ɱˡ
Ŀ͸Щݣ˵һʼʼڲϴ漣һĻĳ֮ﵽ˶塣
ͬȼ֮£һоŻܹѰ¶ѡ
ĵطξУξɱдڵģһǿߣ
رľǿߣողɱ֣ɼǾǾӢеľӢ
Ǽˣ˶һ֮ڶʱڳ׺ɱΪ׹ⱻͳξ磬óΪ֮𾪣
ţȻҲЩȣ鷢ϣҲӦˡ
ٺ٣֣ȥҪܻս
ɨһǰ֮ڵܹʮˣʵ
ҪûĻ붼ȣڣǸոմ漣ôžȫˡ
Ҫսսû˿ԥ
˵ξУ˲УҲţΪֵ壬ȫܹ֮⡣
֮޿ţǵȻĶ֡
Цһһ֮飬˵֮ϴҷҲɱ˺üˣܷҼ£
Ϊɱ֣ȻֻҪܹĿģҪֶΣֻȻ˵˵ġ
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Ϊ޿ĵӣ޿ʤܹۼ£±֮ࡣ
£Ҫͱ֮ʯ
ҪĿģҪκһ˿ƣֻϵԻ󣬶˵ҲǱҪģ
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ſôɱŸ£ΪҪһĵأȴû뵽ôһ䡣
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֮ԭ˵չһ³⣬ɱźͳģһʣһˣζ֮Ķ֡
һֶַֻΣͷڶ཭սֶһģһ
ֻϧֶԸδ̫Щ
֮Ļδ˵꣬Ȼһ̧֣һϼ۳֣Ѹγһʺ磬֮ڴȥ
³ͻȻ֮黹šսأȫû뵽ȻֱӶ֡
ģ
оâ˸ֱӷϮŵıڰеľѪӰս߼ͬʱ֮ڡ
ʵĺһ̱㿪ʼ֮ȫѪӰʼ֮Ѫ
ͬʱ٣֮ʱŭһɣ
ԭûҪŹҲȫûҪԼµĻᡣ
ڣ֮͸ӷŭȫɫ׶ʱųԡڱ
֮Ϊ޷µͷǿߣֶμ࣬ͨһԽ˸ıǴļս
ʵĺѪӰսĹƣֱ֮Ӵ߶ڱȫ˸һΰ˫ɢ
Ѱսôڱֱһ𣬱ܽ߶ȥ
ȻľѪӰսȻֻսȴǾ֮Ʒս
˾֮ľѪӰʵڶԵЧ൱ֻʹãԲδ໥ϡ
ѪӰϵĻǾѪӰܳΪԵеһֶΡ
ڣȻѪӰĹǿᣬɧȴǼһҼǴļսڱԽѪӰ𿪣
ѪӰרעɧ֮һˣЧ൱ģڱѪӰΧɢȥȴܿ־£֮֮ͬüΪꡣ
һʩչʺģ͸ԱڱˣΪڱɢ㱻ֱһȥ
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ȺУӰĬ״ʱһȳȫӰϢһȺɱ
һ˵ȻҲӦ˹
ɱ֮άһ켶սǿǻ仰ء
ȵ˶Ĭ㷴ٶȣȥȻǲ뵱ͷǺļһɱ˾ˡ
ȻĬ֮⣬кü뷨ͬһʱǰͷɱģҲֻ˰ˡ
һȣʩչֶΣͨ׵ΪüۿҪ˺顣
ӣ𣬰ҵס
һ漴һȫĺȫͬʱֻ֮
ȸ֮裬ȸ˲գ
ĹӰɱӰ
似ֱʩչױȵٶȣɾת˲һֻ֮ȥ֮ǰ
ͻȻʧ㵽֮ǰȫ˶ˡ
Լû뵽ȸ˲պӰһʩչᱬ˿ֲٶȣȻ⧲ȴ̾ͷӦ˹
ն
ֱֳֻ֮ӳǰ֮նȥһֻ֮磬ս֮˸УѾ֮һּܵĸо
磬Ȼֻ֮ǿѹȥ
һϺĺ;ѪӰӰ죬ټʼ迪ѩȪ֮֮һ͵ľ硣
ɱ
֮˶·̶һ㣬оȫԸʩչͨͻƿĸֶΣʱŭ
һøĬ˷׷׻ط֮ڴ
Ȼ̫֮ȴҲֱʩչʲôʽ˵֮顣
һĻ΢΢һ̣ҪЧ
֮飬Ѿˣ
ɱ˸һֻϳУ׼֮űֱȥ


510 ȡ׼
֮鱻ֶθˣдûʱ䷴Ӧʶıʩչһͨ
ڶܣ
һɫ֮ǰֳ漴۳Ϊһǽֻϧǽֻ֮ȵЧӰ£״̬µɡ
ۣ
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֮ôû뵽Լô˴ξ̭ģɵɴ۾Ҫ߶ȫԸ
ȻȴѾûκλᡣ
飬Ѿξ漴Ϊ׹ⱻ˳ȥ
ৣ
նɱ֮飬˲佫۵ǳɫɱȫյԼԼ۵ɱһǳɫĲΣ
ɱ⣬ֻҪٽɱ̵ܴ֮ﵽɱ⣬̤ǰٲ⣡
оâ˸ֳУֱͦˣͷʣЩޡ
һۣЩȫһ
֮飬һõĵͨǿߣȻֶ±޷ɱˣ
Щ֮ޣ֮ʵǶǿȴǱɱɼʵǸǿ
֮һǵȻܵõ֮ŵЩ켶սǵؼĺͨ似ܸˡ
£Ǿ͵ÿһ£ǷֵüΪ֮ˡ
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رǵһ˱ѣͻȻ͵ϮԵһˣֱӽɱӶȫɱ⣬Ѹ֮֮ʣµЩ±׷׳Χɢȥ
ԭɱȴźͳסӶӰΧȦгȥɱ֮顣
ҲҪܣȴźͳֱסҪ뿪ô׵顣
˰ӰĬڣʱ˿ȴȫת˿ȥĻǳΪһĿ꣬˭ûտԻ
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ξֻҪȫɱᱻӶᣬǰӵеɱ⣬ȴҲܹΪݡ
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ȻȻô˵˵ҲһĬ䡣
ţδ˷ʱ䣬ĹŲӰԼֱսźͳǱɱ˹ȥ
ڱźͳס벻ޱתšƴ
ֻϧźͳ켶ĺͨ似ȻȲͨȴҲԶˡ
ѪӰ켶ĺͨ似ʩչǿҲܲ͸磡
Է˱ֱӷأԷܣ˱㿪ʼ׷޿಻ԡ
ս֮սα㿪ʼת䡣
ת齣
һĹŲӰֳִļսת齣ֱɱˣƮ֮£ȥ·ȫסˡ
޶һۣʱӸпһĨɫ

ܿ죬šˣ㽫ʣµ޸նɱˡ
ˣøźͳɱˣǸӶɱ˵أɫĳ̶ȣŽɫ⣬ΪעĿ
עĿĻɫɱ⣬Ȼ˵׺ͬɱһ㡣
ˬˬ̫ˬˣҵż񣬾ȡ׼ֱ֮飡
ŹЦոһսս˸ʹ죬ȻжֻһǣãսУԼ似ʩչȴҲõ˲
벻ʱʵ֮࣬ҲŬС
Ҳų֮ɫչֳսǲҲǲˡ
Ȼ켶ĺͨ似ȴ֪ڵܽ򵽻Ķ֡
޴ѡҾ̤ǰĻл̤޿ʥأһβĻ
˵Ҫʹ½ˣһǵöæġ
˵ʱˣʵȽ˶Ѿ̭
üͷ΢΢һ壺֪λ޿ʹ½˲Һͳֻ֮һɳǵǺҶ֣зҵܣõ˺ѪӰһ似
Ŷ֮أ
Щ죬벻Сô飺𰣬Ϧ裬ջīϣʦ֣Ԧ죬ǲͨ˵ڶѡ𣿡
ǾͲ̫ˡ
Щ˼ףϾλ޿ǹ֣Ծ˶ˣû֪
š
һȻˣһӣɱ֮ȫ˵
ɱ֮ͣܽգһ̤صɱˡ
ǰһ۵صɱ⣬޴ѡУ̤ǰѾ˰ɣ
Ӧû⣬Һ޿һǿһԼҵҪ֮ǰС
뵽˰䣬֪Լи
Ȼ˵Ҫźͳ𣬾̤ǰ٣ǽԼǰͷġ
ȻѾ۵ɱ⣬൱ɱǧˣҪȥ൱ѣǻɱһЩͬɱŨǿߣճ͵ɱ֮С
һЩСϺףǿźͳȥɱˣǵɱҲ
˸İУѪɫɱ֮۳ȻΪһ̯Ѫأ޺ɱ֮Ҫ͵ĵڶ׶εס
ɱ֮ĵһ׶ΣһƬѪڶ׶αһ̯Ѫأȵ׶ιȥ֮ɱ֮ɱΪһѪ飬Ϊ̬Ѫ֮󣬲ܹ޸ա
˱㾲ɱ֮Աߣȴ仯ΪѪ顣
Ȼûɱ֮ȫͣԶ˸˺ü޵ӰƺһȺ׷ɱһˣ߷ɱ˹
Ǹˡ
üͷ΢壬Ǽ׷ӵĵطһɫȹӰ˽׷ɱȻѾ˲ˡ
ˣ֮ǰģ͵¹Ĵ
Ȼű²⵽¹ʵ޿͵ߣ͵ʲô춯޿̱ܹ֪
֮汻µħ֣޿İ˹ȥţ˿±ꡣ
¹Ĵ
һۣҲϳ˶Էݣ磬ǳ־𣿡
ȻԵˣȻҪæģ˳ɱǼһɱҲ۵øŨһЩ
Ȼ˵
㱻׷ɱĲ¹Ĵ϶ֶԸȺˣ˵ȻйһκôһҲȻˡ


511 ƴɱ
׷¹ˣÿ˶ͨĴڣ¹ıֵҲס
ٶȼ죬ȴ׷¹ȴǴͬ裬ɲǼǰɾ롣
ٶȣͬʱʩչӰȸ˲գѾضˣֲúͷĸһһֱû׷ϡ
¹໷ɫɱ⣬ɼɱ֮˲࣬Ҳ֪ʲôԭִŵ׷ɱ
ߣ
ԶԶ̧֣Ӷܿ¹ע
źɫȹĴȻӡ̵ģʱǰǳһ漴㳯ڴ˹
֮ǰ͵뿪֮ǰԼ¹ѺãԴҲûʲôġ
ξ׷ɱΨһľݱˡ
Сֵܣڵɱ֮ͣ
һڳ͵ڶ׶εɱ֮Ѹٷ˹Щʵ
ɱ֮ͣ֡
ֵǣһƬɱ֮Ȼֻţǲ̫ϳ˵ɱֻ֮Ҫ޼ǲ׷Źġ
в˶ɱ֮⣬ȴնˡ
𿴳˴Ŀеɻ󣬱˵һ䡣
仰ôһ˫зų˾ĹʣּȫȻɫɱ⣬ȻףξУʵ϶Ǽǿġ
ԭʹ½ϵʱıֱ˴½ˣҪǽ˶ѹͬĻʹ½Ķ֡
ڷŵξУȻ޿Ĵ󻷾˵ֵܹģȴҲ϶޼ġ
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ƮжЩڴ
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ЦŴȤһ漴ͷȥһѸ׷ޡ
ޣһʮģ粻֪붼ͨؾǿˣÿ۵ɱ⣬붼ǻɫģɼÿɱ˰ϣ
߻˵ǲһɱ˰ˣϵĵɱ⣬ȴǰ۵óġ
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ȻŻ֮飬ĺܴ󣬼սĻеѣҪԸǰĸһûʲôѶȵġ
벻һƬδ͵ɱ֮Ƿˡ
еһˣĲǣԵƬѪɫɱ֮Ѿһ̯ѪأҲԶˡ
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һͷô˵ţȻɨһˣܹˣĸԸӦòѣսپɡ
ɱ֮˱ܱ⼸СӸռˣ
һһۣɭɭЦ˵꣬漴ڿĳ࣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬£ȴǾȳ˲𣿺ͰϴĵСӣ
⻰һҲȫɫһдһ㣬˫гȡ
նɱֵõһ̯ɱֱ֮˫ϲţϲϼϲ飬Ƕܹɣܹ쵽Ľͣ
ڰĶԼʹ޿μ޴ѡޣѾ֪˫֮ĳͻ
ԣǰ䣬ΪζԼ
ڰ˵޴ѡУ̤ǰ϶׾ٵ飬ҪģҪѹȥ潫ɱ
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У˵С磬ֻǸСӣĸͨؾ֮ˣѵԸһСӲɣ
Сϵɫɱ⣬үҪˣ
ûã˳ѸٱϮֻʣǱȽ곤ޣƺ΢ԥһ£˿ȥ
ԴȻҲ̱˰š
ЪϢƬ̡ӣȥҪ֮סǰˣԸ
һ˵ţһɫصĴ߶ڵľ֮
ոս緢ʵϣڵѾ˳ųɣսȥĻ϶ֶܼá
ҪǶԷһϵĻԻһս
ȻڣԷֻˣ͸һᣬܸɵĶԸǡ
ת齣
˫ֳԴļ˫սӳ⣬ϳһʮֽ⣬ѸϮǱϮˡ
ǰϴĴļս
ɫ΢䣬ȴǷ׷׷Цƾ˱ԸδҲ̫Щ
һſһȻΪһƬҵƣ˲佫ڿռ䳹һּΪɭϢΧ£
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ԷһƬҵƣȫֵĻ׶ãΪϵ⣬׸
Ȼ̫֮ȴƬҵֱƿ
Ҫ֪Ǻ̫ϣֻһ˫ﵽ߾硣
ȻΪ̫вдĹʹ岿ʶ޷̫˫̫̫һУȴǺܺõġ
һ̣ӲҵгƳѾ˾ת齣ֳУ˻ΪһУ֮˴ɱȥ
ɱ
ʣ࣬ͷҲЩΣɼܹʹøˣҪսʤ֣Ψƴˣ
ɱҵס
޼״۾һֱ̧һҵϣԼǰҪֵΪе
ˣǳǿĹֶΣϵ磬˪ͨǿȻը죬Ϯ

ֻһ̧֣һֻϱںͻȪϱڣȻһѫ¸ȡ˳߶һϱڣΧΧ
ţҲطֵܷסԷֳͨбͬһУһͷ̽ǲҵϱУ
ƣ
ŭһȫһ̱еޱȷ񣬾ȻֱӽǲƷϱڸơ
ţ޻ûܹӦ㱻еиţ˵ɴ˫ۣţ漴㻯Ϊ׹ⱻ˳ȥ
飡飡飡
Ҳʱ˵ϵ硢˪֮ͨȴҲطϱϡ
վͨǱķֶθ࣬ը죬ķֶȻ顣
ţһ̶ȵϵ硢˪ͨʵʵĺ֮ϣ


512 
ͨʵʵϣʱһһѪʱ˳
Ǳطϱ˲٣ͨǶųԭɵ
˪ͨȫͬһɫ˪Щɫ˪͸⣬Ϯȥ·Ҫ˶ɱ顣
ϵͨγһâУȫ˽ڣ·һһʱ侹Ȼʧȥʶ
ͨ治ܹСģҲ֣ڵķ֮⣬ʵ̫Щ
ξУܹͨġ
Ȼξб飬ˣȵ뿪ξ磬ᷢһ
ξУȴѾ֮ǻ˸ˣҪóǾֻ֣ܡ
ƴų˵ͨҲҪɱһˣΪ֪ھԲܽʱϾȥ
ӶԷ̸У֪Էǰˣ˵⸽
ӵĻƾ״̬϶ǲѵõģҪ˵ܰˡ
ԣǰһܷߣ
ȵ쵽ԣϹ߷鿴ʱѾɱ֮뿪˴˵ء
ԼƴԼˣһҪȴɱһ˵
ϵ硢˪ͨȫ˪Ե״̬ţڵ׷ȴȻȻӿֳ
һɫγһƬһ̶ͨƻ
Ҫǣڵܵ˺ʱȻȻҲҪС
ҲʹţҪȥԼڵ״ֻҪڣܵ˺ܿȫָ
һ̣˫ۣͷȥһͷųϵͨĹͷޣгУһӳɱȥ
СӣôôӲ
ǹͷ޼״ȫˣȴ֪ڲǾȵʱ򣬼ææź˿ȥϵۣȻһͷϵʨϮ
ͷϵʨձ۳ǿŭһЯ֮ѹƣ·Ҫ̬ѹ塣
⣬ġⱬ
״⣬һĵ̼䱬ըȻͷϵʨȻɿȥ
ţֱֳǹͷ޵ĵﴦ
ĵм˲ǹͷ޵ĵûǹͷ޷ӦȻըըһƬ׹⣬ͳξ磡
似Ȼֻǵؼĺͨ似ȴǿ߶ȻȶԷϵʨҪöࡣ
ŹͷΪ׹⣬ʣС޶ʱ˿һ̧֣ȫ˪ĵȻΪһ˪Ѹٺ˿ȥ
״˿
ˣɱ֮ˣûֵĻ治һֵܹ
Ͼ˿ǷǳأȻҪȫ޸ڴˣҲôٶȡ
ȻһʱǰСȴһȻ֮ɫ
ƺǿһӣȻıҪܵͼ˪Ķ۵糸
˪ĵ˿
ԭǿҪˣȻˣȥɣ
ǰС˸ų飬ӻȡöɫսϸ˪ĵֱ
öɫ븽˪ĵʱúȻ˵öǼв
ת齣
ٶȽļľת齣У漴öɫȥ顱һǿöɫת˷򣬿໮
Ȼһöɫ룬ȴǾֱŴǶȵ꣬Ҫǲüˣ
һȻ˶òԹɫѲڴˣ
Щ𺳡
ⰫСޣǲԹɫԲòˣ֮ǰĶֶҪ١
ֻ΢˿㱻ⰫСץסᣬ˱ķһ£Ҫɱﵸȳ
֮飬Ѿܹͷųǽͷűδһڶ޷ʩչˣ˵ǸĴ
ȻڣȴҲ˲ˣǲͷž֮飬һöɫŵĻ˵ʹ꣬ξͳȥˡ
һҪͷž֮ʱһȹӰȴͻȻһ˹Աһƣ

Ȼ̷Ӧô£¹ĴȻʱսţԱ˿ȥԼڱ׷ôãľûʲôʩչ似
һ̣һö˪ĵɫ룬㾶ֱ̽˴ȹµĴϣһƬɫ˪ѸٳȫĴӿȥԭЩӣһӱò԰

һʱ䷴Ӧһ˴ĴȴȻ߶㽫öɫ˳
ֻһŨ˪ȴѾ뵽¹ڣȫѸ½ٹʱ䣬ᱻɱ
ž׷ӣٶӳϰ·̣ʱûκֵǹɺ⡣
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Ѹٱò԰ףһʱҲ˲ԼѾˣֱʩչĹӰɱӰ
ֳУһУͬɫ磬֮ƿǻҪƵİСޡ
ǰС޻ûӦ㱻һĨɱΪ׹ⱻ˳ȥ
ȻԼȴҲΪǿʩչһ似üΪտҲ״ָٶȱѰ˿Ϻüʱָ
ô
ȴǸûԼѸ˿ʼ׹Ĵԣס
û뵽ʼҪŮӵģȴŮӾ
˵ûдֵĻҲͷų֮Ȼľٶ˵ȴҲ;һûʲôˡ
ҴǳŲסˡ
òҰף˶˪ĵʴͬһ
ȻȴǴЩЦ⣬ޱȼѵ˵ƾ۵ɱ⣬϶̤ǰһ뿪͵ұˡҽк£뿪͵ҿǻġ
˵仰¹Ĵ£лΪ׹ȥ
ۿźɢЩȻʧ
Ȼ˾Ϊ
պսУһдⶼУпɴ˴ΣξС
ţ漴̧ͷźͳڴ


513 ŲȪ
źͳ𣬷ű˵ǰסҪܵޣһս޵ֵס֣ڴʱҲڻΪ׹ⱻͳȥˡ
һ粨󣬳лֻʣšˡ
¹ûܳסڵĳɼ̤ǰһûʲô⣬϶ܹ뿪͵ˡ
Ի˵ţҡҡͷ
˵⻰ʱлţ¹ƺ޿͵µһ֯Ҳ֪ΪĺΪҲҪͨ޴ѡķʽ뿪͵
ȻⲢΪעĵط
źͳҪ޺ɱ֮ԭһ̯Ѫһɱ䣬ڳͣΪһʺѪ飬͸޾Ѫ֮
״Ҳûôԥǰȥ㽫ǳ͵ɱ֮մ漴ȫŵɱһɱ䣬ڳΪ˵صĵɫ
ɫɱ⣬֮ǰɫɱĹһ͸оɱ
ֵɱ⣬϶ܹ̤뵽ǰˣ
ŹһЦʱΧ
磬֪ڲԶǷ򣬹ͰĶԼҲжšڣҪҪȥǰ˽Թ
ǰѯʵ
ͷŻβ飬ʩչ켶ĺͨ似ɱҪܵޣҲ˲ɱ⣬ϻɫɱⷺһ⣬ޱҫۡ
ڻС
ԣȴҡҡͷ״̬ãϣɣݱܷâȫָ˵ȥСһЩöһʱ䡣
Ҳԡ
ųһַӲ˵ͨ˲ᣬǻҸطϢϢ׵
˺ܿ˾㳯Զ뿪ȥ

͵ϣμ޴ѡֵ޲١
ٺãҲеˡ
ʱ˿̵ξУھ˼Զĵط͵ƹڵĲУһս֮С
УȻҲС켶ͨ似ߵڣǳɫɱ⣬ҲѾ˼ޡ
ʱ˿̣˽ΧС
һƺֻǴһյϳôãôˣҲ御ˡ
һˣЦ˵
¶֮ɫλλһжսΣֻɱԼӦɱ֮ˣɱ⣬ȲŨڷԸңǷ̫

һɭȻһЦǸյϵޣ̤ǰһ͹ˣҪôɱʲôڣѾǴ󷢴ȱˣ
ԣ¶߿֮ɫ˺ĹУ٣ȹһ˵
ڣȴֱӷҪɱϵɱ⣡
ʵϣҲ֪ûʲôѡľΪʱξдޣÿһʵǿһŻ
ˣҪӶɱ⣬Ѿ൱Σˡ
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һ̣϶ֱ֣ӽи˰׹⣬ɱξ硣
˲֮⣬Ʒ塢СɡܰˣҲƵ顣
ܣڽξ֮󣬵Ȼôɵľһֱֻܷ𴳵Ϊս
ֻϧξƺôһר͵ޡ
ܣȻʼʱͦ˳ģûñܵ˼ѹΧɱξ硣
УƷͷܰãڱɱ֮ʱɱѾ۵ǳɫӵ뿪ʹ½ʸ
ǷСȴûôˣսξУһ׷ɱ
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ΪͨؾǿߣȻξбѹ˳ΪȻȴʩչͨ
ȥˡɭۣ֮
˫˲佫СУȻһ־񹥻ͨ
ξУǱ񹥻ֶθɱôˣʱ˿̣Сɱ
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ţһ¶ĮӰӺڰгȴǿ濵֮һһ
һеڶ밵ӰԵĴﵽϣһΪ輫Ϊֲ
ⲽĶһֳһ͸ɭȻ׹ĳѳڶһĴļսŲȪ
һֳѳͬڻȪͥŲΪ飬ʩչ۵Ľͽ⣬ҲȫȫϢ
رն˷С֮ɱֱӽǺ޸ڣ
㣬һ
Ǻ޼״ɫ΢΢һ䡣

һȻĮȴĹ
һǰ͵ϣȥЩѵʱ򣬱ɶһڰбţϳ˷С
ն˷СɣȻξУȴҲļΪƣΨͨɱзй
ҪɱˣǰһĿ꣬Ǳ۵ޣǺӵ֮һɭޣ
ɭ޵ʵνǿξУ֮ǰնɱ֮ӿ¡
ȻڼһʱȴЩ
ɭµģֻǶһǰѴļɭ׳ŲȪ
ɭ˫ͨɭ֮ۼ
ԻȪɱ⣬˶һĽ֮ϡ
ɭ޵ɭۣ֮ȴҲɢԻȪϢէȻײ˫ڰкȻըнһƬң


514 ޾ɱ¾
Ϣ˺üʱ֮ȫ״̬ڻָ۷״̬
ڷƷ塢СɵȻ֪ڵģֻкšһ𣬼ξɱȥ
ȻԶԶܿ˰䣬ȻԷڸôʱƣ˫ʱпġ
ˣʱضõ״̬Բ֮ǰľܵˡ
磬ոܵ˿ɲᣬ벻̶ʱԼȬˡ
תȦ档
һԵԻָǱȽϿ졣
ЦЦ˵ģǴöĿӡϵģĿӡǡǡ뿪͵֮ǰõġ
Ӱ죬˻ָ죬ôùȥһʮ֮һģ֮ٶȽøӿֲ
ؿڳڴһѪֻҪһʱȫָˣ̲סЩڴǽȫĻָٶȽж죿
ȻҪȫģɲô׵飬Ҳкܳһ·Ҫߡ
˽ŻϣڵξвǼΪ
ξУ޵綼ǿѹ˳ĲΣҪȥֻһ;Ǳ֡
Ҳнһ˵ܹ࣬ҪȻĻɱҲѷֵɱ⣬˶͸׷ڧ
ϾξеʱŶӣʱʶˣ˳۱ˣ໥֮ûʲô˽⣬ڧʲôȫǼҳ㷹
źͳˣһ·ںڰǰУΨϵɱ⼫ΪۣرΧŵɫɱ⣬͸޾Ĺ⣬˿˾̲ס
صɱ⣬ʵξжģ
ˣȴҲŲЩޡ
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˵ҪɱӶ˵ɱ˷ǳѣڴ˵һܺõĻᡣ
Ϊˣһ·˻˵Χ׷½ء
һ·սУʵźͳ˵ܹɹ󲿷Σˣʵڲеʱֱӳ֣֮ƻɱ֡
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ﵽɱ⣬̤޴ѡǰһǧûʲôˡ
˵Ȼ㣬ϣĿźͳԼһ𣬽뵽޿ʥ֮УȥѰѵõĻԵ
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ʱźͳǰУȻǰһɫĹ֣Ȼһɫɱǿߡ
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˵ɱޣһ˵÷ǳΪһ۵ɱ㹰ˣԼµλ
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óԷԭǴ뿪ģƺϳݣԲżҲ֪˭
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£ҪѸٽˣȻȥźͳ
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ܵĻ뽫˵ɫɱøźͳֻϧսѿز˾ƣֻѸٽֺɱС
ɱĻ˵ԼڶԷС
ܹξֵڵĶ֣ǼΪǿᣬ֮ļһضˣ
ֶܹԷܡ
ҪźͳɱˣӶɱĻûǸʱ䡣
ɱ۳ɫ֮󣬱ǸɭȻ缴ӣɱ˵Ļࡣ
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ָǰЩ˷ܵ˵磬Ҫɱ֮ɱһԾɵأ
ȥ
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ȵ΢ǰƬһ۱һƬɱ֮ڵһ׶״̬£Ÿոտʼ͡
Ƭɱ֮ΧȻŲˣ


515 ս
ɱ֮ξҪĴڣһȡɱ֮۵ɱֱһΡ
Ҫ֪ڵ˵Ҫһɱⶼǧѣʱˣÿ˶û㹻գٻгֵġ
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һɫޣɱ֮ĸԶٿʣ棬ֳȣ޿ϯӣǺӣ
ʱ˿̣ǺֳȣȶţĿɨڳˣ͸һĨвЦ
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ǺӼΪԵһ仰Χ˿˺üȥԭǺ޿Χڶͷ
ǺԣǺ޿ԣοѰҲ֪Լ϶ǺӵĶ֣˱˿ȥ
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ΪˣǺӣȫ޶ûֱɢֻ˿˼Լһܲˡ
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˵͸ˣҪ֪磬ҲǺǺһͨǿߡ
ȻǺ޿ϯӣ˵ݲʲôҪ˵ݵĻҲǿ濵£޿ͬ
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ͷһ֣Χʱ޾ϮЩԭ޷׷˿ȥ
Ҫǲ˵ĻǱͷ˿ǼҪ֪ͨɭ޹ɲǾ񹥻ֶΣ
ɱСܣذɣ
ʱһԼְȻ漴һɫȻɢɢܣֱӴɢ
ͨƧа
ְ΢̣ϵϲԸıֹĶżΪԵĿá
ɫѸɢȥһͷɭ޹ɲڣһɭ޹ɲ˼ʹ࣬һ쳹ȫ
øһЩԲˡ
ˣ
ߣ
˷׷뿪Ҳһأźͳ˿ԼԼǧʲô⡭ɲǺӣǿ
źͳͷȻȻ˵ͷֱ˿ȥ
ɱ
źͳ˿ȥ֮һȴԴ׳ֳ˫ȻΪһʮɵľˣɲͷȥ
һ£ȻδͨȴҲɢ͵ƣͷɱǰһۿҪնɲԴϡ
ͼְ֣һרƿɲͨٻɭһֱӹ䱾壬ϼΪУɼսǵһˡ
Ķ֡ҡ
˫ɲͷʱǺһ漴ӰͻȻΧͻϮ
ͨȲ
Ǻһӣʱ޾֮ʩչԼͨ
ȲһӰͬǳһ㳯ΧɢÿһӰһ޼᲻ݵľ磬òԶɫ΢䡣
ԶܹоǺһеƻÿһӰ൱һűĵһ
ֱһе䣬ٵѹȻ
ȴϵǺӱضֻ΢΢һ̣˫طתͨ޸ԭ
⼸ֳڣһ˫޸ʱһ̱㻯ΪɽСֻһɨ㽫ǺЩӰס
һֹͨˣ˫޸쫷磬ֱǺӿȥֲѪɫɱ֮ɢ͵ٶȼ
㡣
״Ȼվԭؿš
ʱ״̬ѣͼְһǲսֶԸǺӵĺʱ
ֻҪʲôĻʤ㼫


516 
ֵʱ̱ĹŲӰҽת齣ѪӰսս˻ĹŲӰС
ɱ
һֳУĹŲӰһɫȹŮӣɲϮɱȥ
ӰΪУ˲ƿգ·һ̾Ҫɲɱ
Ȼɲ״ȴ̧һ˫͸һĨɭͨɲ죡
һͺȣһͷһͷСڴ˳һſ죬ɭΧɢ
ͨؾǿߣÿһͨκ켶似ȻȲϴļ似ȴҲ˶١
ĵͨǿʩչͨʩչĴļ似൱
ԭڣͨؾǿ߿ͨԸϣﵽϣļϡ
ڵȻǰӰ˫ϣȴΨһ϶ѣ㵼ʩչ似ƻǱȲͨؾЩǿߡ
⻹ξС
ʵУͨؾǿߣûκʤ㣬ϾϵĲࡣ
ͨɲ죬ʱŮɲʩչͨϰͷСĹŲӰɱ
ϰͷСÿһͷвҧһڣ²ҲҪˡ
̷ӦٿĹŲӰͬʱӦھ֮߶űʽʩչ
ձ鱬
ĹŲӰһʩչһУ֮ȻƬռ۳֣֮ʣһƬĵľϢȫɲĹɲӿɲ
֮ڶűһͷͷС֮䱬Ǳձɢȥڲдŵľ֮
ֻƬ̣ϰͷС㱻ĹŲӰȫɱΪɢҹɢΧȥ
ת齣
ѪӰս죡
ĹŲӰ˸ֱ治ĹŲӰһеľת齣ѪӰս̷
ɨսɨ쫷磬ɲȥ
ʱ˶ˡ
һ΢ЦŵļְɣҲʱ̧ۣһɫдܳ߼ҫۣޱߣ
ְϣ֮ǰͨƧаרԸֵġ
Ƨаͨľ֮һɢЧ˵ɲЩɲˡ
֮⣬ְĵͨͨͻͨԤģսкѷãԲű˳Ϊ
һͨдܳ貰ɫˣת⡱һмƻͨʽ
ʱ˿̣תȻֱϮȹŮɲ
ɲ̧֣۹ɲĵʩչһзͨò׽תֵסȻת⣬ȴײǲɲ֮ϱڵʱһӷʱ䡣
ǲɲ֮ϱڣ˲仯Ϊ˰׹⣬תⱾȴǱ˹ɲĵ֮ɫ
ת⣬ǿ֮ת
ְڲԶһЦЩЦɲ۵ķϱھȻת˹ӿΧ£
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ְɺ֮㽫ɲѹƵġ
ʱԶǺȴע⵽ߵȻһ̱һž޴̣岼ۿűҪͼְѹȥ
̣ͨˡ
ԶԶΧ۵˼˾һ̲סп
̣Ǻӵĳͨƾһ̤ͨͨؾ
ݴһʩչô֮˱㶼ữΪӣƾǺӰڲ
̣
ۿ岼ü䲢δʲôǣԾԾԵɡ
̣ӦǺۡܽƣ϶Ǻˣ
΢̣гУֱӻΪһУѹ̶ֱȥ
УΪϹżĿֲսȴļսҪǿЩ޿¶ûܹȵսĴڡ
ֱδд̲ƵĴڣʱ˿Ը̣Ҳġ
СܣСģã
һԼְȴתӴܳȥͷȻӭͷϣһæ
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ĻһʹֱӴͷܳӵѸѹ֮ϣȻ
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ģһֱӴ֮ԴеԶѰ̣һ޷ֵģ
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ΧУ̾Ȼ뿪ʼѿУȴͬ谭һ㣬̴˸Դ
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̣ǺΪһͨȻȴ벻ȻֱӱСӸȥˣ
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ԭڵ䣬ʱϲЦտ֪СܲѰ֮ˣΣһ򱬣
һ㿪ļְɣ״˿漴һתȻʩչһͨ
㲻֪һ㣬üְɫ䡣
սپǺڿٸʱ˶˾ͲöԸˣ
ְ̳
á
Զһݣ漴ͷ
̱ƣһööâ貵ǳɢ䵽ΧЩǳâȴҲɢΧ£ȥһЯżǿƻ
һѫ£
˦ּһѫ£ΪϱػΧһȻֱһĹŲӰ˲ƽλá
ǻĹŲӰеѪӰս죬˳˻ȥЩǳ֧һСʱˡ
һĹŲӰһֳУһֳ־ת齣ֱӳɲϮɱȥ
Ӱȸ˲գ
ͻĹŲӰͬһʱʩչʱͬźɫǣɲǼ㵽ɲǰ
֮Ȼ


517 ȡӡ
ǶԸѰޣ⼫ٵǰйܹ׽̸ִԴֱɱˡ
ȻɲȴҲֻˡ
ͨɲ
ɲĹŲӰһϮɱûκԥʩչһͨɲʱɲһģһδ뿪һ𣬳ĸɢӡ
ϷҲֻΨֱ֮ӱɲķ顣
Ȼɲȴʣ֮䣬ѿȥڲԶ϶Ϊһ
ޣ
ɲ뿪ȥתѾһڳޣǳϾȻ͸һļµϢ
켶սޣֹˣ޾ȻѾЩʶҲ˵ɲѾϴﵽ׶Σ
״һݡ
ܹսϣܷӳսǿֻ켶սޣܹҲܹȵѰĴļս
ȴļսһЩַʤ
Ӱأƣ
ɲֳֹޣһ˫ûͫ׵Ĳ԰۾˳޶ʱӰͷ
Ӱס
һ߶ʣǻĹŲӰǰֱʩչ⣬ⱬ֮
ĵƿȫɢԷǹعӰҲһʧ
ţӰͬʱоһʼϸԼľꡣ
֮սʶ𣿾ȻøŶ֣ɲȷȴ޶Ҫǿ
ţоԼҵæ˿ȥ
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Сܣ㣬㾡ϡңսʶ޷Ӱ쵽㣡
ְתͷһЦ
á
˵ͷһԱߣǺսݱ仺Ѿ·硣
ǺӵʵȷҪǿö࣬޿õԴսȵȣҪöࡣ
ٲսپǺˣɾ䶨ˡ
ţһǰֳֳ޵ɲŮһЦɭгҲз
У㲻ƱӶ԰ɣ
΢̣гУһγϾпϹżǿսԷ켶սϵĳ̶ȣҲܹȵùС
ϰɣ
Уһγɲ۶ȥ
ɲй۵սʶְɴȫѹס޷ٶӰ졣
ʱҲڸܵеĽ࣬Ȼʼ
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еʼӿȫϡ
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ţ
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һֱ̣ӷǵסɲ⣬ֱӾסһ漴һƺ̴ɲڳ˳
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ͻԺ˳ⱻջĶӡ
ӡÿһӡǣǱоȡһС꣬ɵӡǡ
Ϲ֮󣬱ܹȡֻǵһ֣۳Ϊӡ
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֮⣬Եı仯ǡоԼڶɲһ֪һ
ܹԤֵ֪ĶֶΣ
һһʱ˳ȥֻһ̣޵ıӰԭڴӦ㿪Ļһ±ᱻˡ
ϣȻ
΢̣һøǿˣ
ɱ
ϣٶֱһʱУԼٶȴɲɲûܷӦ
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ΪǿֳУɲȥ
ٱӰϣȫ¶ѪȴûУһǰ
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ǿǿȥɱɲӰˣȴûʲô󰭣ЪϢһʱܹ׻ָˡ
ɱɲ㽫ɲ۵ɫɱӶ˹ɫɱɫһЩ
һɫɱ⡭ҵĿ꣬Ȼǵصɫɱ⣬㲻޴ѡĵһڶҲҪǰ֮У
š
μ޴ѡֵУǿڣС֮ģǿ϶ܹﵽɫɱġ
дܶΣ֪ʹ濵ѹ˳ʵܹɻ
Ϊ밵ӰĴﵽļϣʩչͨɱֹ߳һΡ
濱ƴսҲͬӵдļսһǴСʹãϵ˼̶߳ȵġ
ԣԼܹΪ޴ѡĵһ
ǣڶ͵ȴһȡģٲܱȰò
ܺãϹˣȥбǿֶΡ
ֳУܵɲĻӡڷƣ⼶Ļӡ㽫еǿɲֹ
ܿ죬еڲռУƺŰ˸ǶۣɲĻӡ㱻˸Ƕ۵һ֮ڡ
ѵܹȡ˸˵Ļӡǿˣ¶Ǽȡɲ⼶޻ӡҲеֹ
̲סʼпвϹżսڵжֵܹסˣǿ޼᲻ݣơ
СܣɵƯ
һԼְɼɲɱʱ۷ŹĻ
ƽҲдأȻ֪ƾԭʵҪξлɲ򵥣ԼҲø˽֡
ȻڣȴɲֱӺɱҲֻܵˣɼսʵ˲٣
սʵԣǺӵеģΪѵá


518 İ
ǺԶԶһĨɱ
δԼɲȻξбСɱ˵Сôǿᣬṳ̂ͨؾͨԿŶԡ
˭ȴ֪СӾ˾ȣɲɱ˳ȥ
˵мְһԸһ㣬ǰ;ԲǺ
˵޴ѡСԣضҪξнˣ
Ǻţ׹⡣
֪Ըţ׵İ취ɳ·°ӣʧһαŵٶȼͣͲǰΪܶ޲ܴϰ
֪֮ǰΣǣ谭޴ѡлʤȴһҪ顣
ͨǺӽ磡
뵽ǺӵȻκˣʱʩչһͨһǺӴȻȫ˶ڡ
䡢ְɡͬһʱܵһǳĵԼΧǳĵӿԼڣҪھ
װ壬ƣ
һݣ̽ȫ²׷򣬵ȫȴֵֻܵסһǳ
һǳĵֱڣҪ
ڷźɲսУվˣʱ˿̵ֵǺһУࡣ
ͼְɣǰʩչͨ似޸趯㽫Щǳĵ俪ȥ߻Ϊһ׹⣬ƾѸ˶ԷǺӽķΧ
Сܣ
ְɺܿǺӽӰ췶ΧһǺסɫһ䡣
Ǻӽ磬ǧǺ֮ɲѰܹӲġ
ûʩչκη似һ£ǻᱻֱӺɱ
ģ
ȴ¶ɫ鲼ȫʼЩǺĵ
һ̣ھвӳĵ߶ЩģʼʸԼȫѪϣȻʼ
׷ѾӦڵսôұĵɾ;İ壡
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շħ˳򣬴ǴӾʼȻ󵽽ǣƤ⣬Ѫһȫܳɾ;İ塣
Ȼûֳɵӿ԰գгʲô⣬Ҳδ֪ţܹа취Щ⡣
Ͼھ֮Ǳ׷ҪϤĶ࣬׷ܴȫô֮϶Ҳԡ
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оУ֮ӿʼдױȵʹ࣬ȫΪ֮
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Ǻ׹֣űӻȡһöɢǳâǳֱֻӽ֮ϡ
ļսǳ徣
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ļս޿жǼټģҲֻ޿Լļӵˡ
οǺļսǳ徣Ѿﵽ൱״̬ܹӳ󲿷

ǺȫûκֱͣͣӶ׼ʩչһֶΣһ׵˲ӿԣ޿ɱܣ
һ̣Դļսǳ徵ս㽫Լ˫ȫԭأҲ޷֡
ǳ徣Ǻúϣȫɱɾ
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þûˣ˯ıүᱳʹ
һЩ۵ȻǺϵǳϴļսȻѾǺϵ˳̶ȣȷʶܹ˼
Ͻ׶ΣáѵѾ˫Ķ׶Σ
ԶԶ޼״ʱͷȻǺӵʵһ⡣
ļսϣûܹģ
ͨؾǿߵУǺӼѾ̤޵еľ磬ߵͨ۷ǿߣа취Էһ
ɱ
Ǻ΢̣һ˵ǽסʱý䱻ǿѹƵȫΡ

һȫ䱬΢ɢһЩȻһ̣ɢһǳâսǳȴ˳ֱͷϡ

˱㱻޾ǳΰѹȻըһƬ׹ⱻͳξ硣
Ϊ濵ͷ£ʵǿ֮һ϶ǳˡ
Ȼ䶼޷ֵǳ徵һɼϵĴļսǶô£
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ְ亹벻ǺȻǳϵ˵زǰ绹Ӳǳ徵ȻȴǱֱѹ֮
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ȥɾûʲô취ܹǺˣοǺӻڸϹ
Żһʱ䣬һҪˡ
ְɫ֪ǳ
ԼˣкܴҪǺȫɱΪǺɱ̤ʯ
Ȼʱȴһ
壬
̶ʱڣȫڣѾȫž֮ĵһ顣
ǼΪѸٵĴܵʹ࣬Ѱϰ似Ҫǿҵö֮࣬Ӳ¶ᱻʹιȥ
Ȼ־ȴǼΪͣӲҧͦӶɾ˾İĵһأ
ȫΪľ֮㳯Χը˿Χǳȫ鿪ȥ
ˣһƾ֮뵽ǺӽһƬǳУ˳ųԴͷȥܿ㴥վһԵǺӡ
ǺӸսɱ¶һ˿΢ЦȴȻһɭֱǺӽͻƵԼڣЦһ


519 Ӱɱ
֮·ǺӽǳֱͻƵǺӵڡ
ǺЦһ漴̷Ӧһ񱩵ǳǿЩֱ֮ڡ
ܵڲ͹죬Ǻ̲ס亹Сӣʵ̫аЩ
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ӴСӺͦǿǺӣò᲻СӵĶְɣ
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İɣԿܲӲǳ徵Ĺ
һǳӿֶзųŹâƾȥԿȻǲʵġ
һ̧֣ųʵĺӳһѫ£۳һƬϣһǳ֮ǰ
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ģҷţ
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ȴֻһ˲ǳ֮㽫һѫµķϱֱӺ飬漴һƬ֮ɫĺϡ
ǳеǳ֮ʱɣҷΪ˷ϣһε˳ɵƻ
Ժĵһ̱һΣﵽʮ֮һĳ̶ȣ
ʮ֮һĺģ㽫ǳ֮ɵȥǳ֮֮ϣһѪ⣬ͬʱ˱ɿȥ
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Сܣ
ְɸְæ²ǺӵĶ֣ҲԹ۵ġ
ȻʱȴͻȻվӣ˷·̩ɽһס˰֮С
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΢̣Լڵʵ˸֪
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˷ȻȴҲܣһѪӿӿֳȫ״̬ƽȡ
ңֻԾ֮˾Ƥ⡢ࡢȵȣδɹ
ǳ徵ǳһ±㽫Ƥ飬ƾ׷ҫֵûвķá
װ壬ȻѾˣڿʼİ壬ü
ţ漴̧ͷסǳһǳıͷѹ̡
̣ԻĹӰɱһн飬ȻȴѼΪǿ̿ǿҪ飬ĻĹӰɱҲ޷ҿ
ͷԽԽʱ΢΢ֳУȫȻΪһС
ĹӰɱһʩչһдļ似ȻȴѾ֮ǰʩչһˡ
Ϊ˼ҵǿս似ٶ÷ɿ죬ڲ֮ǰڽĹӰɱ˴ɵľ磡
˴ɾĴļ似ԲСرǻĹӰɱԵɱΪԶ似
Ӱɱ
һ˲ֻĹŲӰԻΪУɱ˴̡
һ̣ĹŲӰԺϣȴһӱϵǳ֮Χ·Ҫ˲˺顣
Ȼһ̣ĻĹŲӰȴǺȻը˿һըǧ˲䱬ɢ˷
ÿһУƻ൱֮ǰʩչĹӰɱһ
ɢȥֱӽ̴̴̳˴Ȼˣȴֻܼһǿ
Ӱɱǧйͬ򣬱̵ķײˣֱӱɱɸӡ
⡭
ǺΪǳ徺;ܹĨɱˣȴû뵽ǰһۣЩš
̵𽥽壬ҲԶЩΧ۵ĽһɴۣŴ죬Ķţ
źͳҲԶȻ۲ųսʱһϲ
ֱӹЦȻȻֵܹǺôãǲ֪ûʲôܹʩչǼһܵġ
ڿƺЩѣ
۾ƺиǿɱﵲδʩչҲ֪ڵʲôҪͷʩչһɡ
ǿɱﵣ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣񾭴ûǵסʲôʽ
ôһѣȴȻ֮ĻɳУ컪ǿĳ
ʱֻ˻ѣԽؾնɱ֣ȫޡ
ܹ֮һ㣬Ϊǿɱﵣ
ˣʩչЩֻѰʽˣǴļ似ϹżսжľСǿɱﵣ飬Ǿ֮飡
뵽һ㣬ʱ˷
ǲ֪ڵȴʲôƺ˵ˣǸǺӻڸѵڵˣٽһ򾡣
۾²
пܡ
ŵ˵ͷ˽⣬ܹˡ
侲ƣۺʱεأԼµƣһˣڱʩչ֮飬ȻܹɱǺӣɲļһ㲻ܽǵֵסˡ
ԣڵȣ


520 Ǻ
ܹ֪ɱﵵˣڳҲֻźͳˡ
ڵĻҲ֪濲ڣڼְɡǺӣԼΧޣȻǶ֪ġ
ˡ
ǺۿԼľһα飬ʱ߳ǳ徣ȫɱ
Ǻӣộ
ǳȴЩĳҪ֪ȫֵĻضǡ
û˵꣬ǱǳΧĴļսǳ徣Ȼ
սͻȻϮ׼˵ЩʲôһʼȫûᣬΪսϲעͻȻϮ
ˡ
ܵһҵǳ籩˲䱬Ϊֲٶȣȸ˲գӰͬʱʩչ
δȥǳǺڴ۶ȥǽǳ徵ǳ籩Ȼƣһ̱㵽ǺǰԶ
ֱǳ籩
Ǻɫ΢䣬ѪӣЩݡ
һ̣ܵԼƺʲôסˣɫٴһ䡣
ԻȪȪ֮飡
ʩչһûʹõ似ӰεĻȪֱ֮ӽǺӸסˣϾ˫ͬһ磬һҲܹǺӲá
ֻ֮
ѩ
ֱֳֻ֮ǺԶԶһնȥ
ֻ֮ɢǺӱȪ֮ҲѾˣֳֻǰȴ򿪣ǿеֵֻһ
һźɫѩƮ䣬γɵǺЩͻ
ȣͨȲһϯһͬӵĵ⣬еֻ֮Ϯ
ЩӰУЯǳ֮Ȼֳֻֻ֮˼ӣ㽫Ӱһ벻ֹ
ţúģЩȫ漴תΪΪ䡣
ǽһɾնԷܹתΪġ
һ̡꣡
ƽǺһͨкâһűֳУճǺڴһ
һζɭϢת˲ǺϻͬʱһӡǱ㱻и˻
еİ˸ӡǶۣӭ˵ڶӡһǺӵӡǣ
һ̣ܵƱ֮ǰǿ࣬ƻȻֱǿɲֹ
ɲǺ˵Ļӡеһ
оЩţʵǰ⣬ҲΪϹżսǿĵطˡ
˵ԭʩչĹӰɱ»޷ɱǺӣô˵ɵöˡ
ȻˡӰɱ
к˸ֳУֱӻһӰһ̱㽵Ǻӵĸǰ
Сģ
ǳ徼״̴ǰתҪǺӵֵһУȻ;ȴһöס
æȹһء
ְ۵Ӱֱӳǳսǰɢĵǳ͸ǳֵ֮סˡ
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ǺһΧǳĵʱǺӵϢӿ֣ƺȻ١
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ĹŲӰԳǺӱɱȥ֮˲Ǻ֮ըǺֱը˷顣
ȻһӰɱһУ޹ˡ
ţȴǾȻԽǺӣпǳֳУһ´̽Ǻӵ֮С
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Ǻȫû뵽ܹزʱз׹˸Ҫɱͳξ磬Ҳȥ
Ǳ̤뵽ͨͨΪֲʩչ֮ļְɶᱻ
Ǳǽȫǳȫһ㣬Ȼֱӱ
һǺǲˣȴĵúսԡ
£ǺΨʩչһˣһи濵أȴû뵽
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Ǳɢʱ˶Ϊ͸֮ɫתƵһԪռУȫûбǱӰ쵽
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ְɼ״Ҫ˿Ȼȴǳסɫһ䡣
һ̣Ǳƻƺɨ˼ְɵİ˳Ϊ˰׹ⱻͳξ硣
ԶԶǱ㽫ְɸɱɼͨǶôֲ
Ȼһ̣ܵǱѾԶ룬ڴȸ״̬³֣ǰһͣ
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ǺǲţǴĮǺ˻Ϊ׹⣬ξ˳ȥ
Ǻ۵ɱ⣬ԭΪɱͼְɣɫ
һ̣ɫɱ⣬ȴȫգɱøɱκɫɱޣܽصɫɱˡ
ȫž
ԭսˣͼְɣȺǺУޱȸпֲս
ȻգȴԾ˵ı֣Ǻӳ״ɱΪ˳Ӯң
Ҳʱɱ֮Ҳ𽥻Ϊһ̯Ѫأ˳͵ĵڶ׶Ρ
û뵽ɱﵶûã㽫Ǻɱˡ
һԼΪ˷ܡ
Ҳ̫߹Ǻӵʵˡ
˵ͷֻӵкͬ磬˵ȫֱܹսʤļһ
˵λ»û취Ըġ
һ˵һ߸пǵɳ̤ͨؾؾҲ֪ӵ춯صս
ôһġ
˵ţȻüͷ΢壺ǿ߹ˣѵǺӵ£
϶ˣһȥæֻʣһˣǼսأ²һĶ֡
ֳֳʱɹȥǶԸ㣬ƵʩչɱﵣҲ̫ûˣǲǣ
һЦһڴȥ
ɱ֮ͿҪͣԲʱ򱻱˸ȥˣǺǿѸٿʱΧΧѾõĽޣҲԴ


521 ۣ
ǺӴɱȷʵܴ󣬲ȴ֮ǰûս
ԺģǺӵתΪڻʣһȻ߱ս
žâһ˴ԶֱӰ
Ӱȫɫɱ⣬صɱ⣬պöΪҪֻҪɱˣôӦñֱ̤뵽ɱ⣬ɫɱ⣡
˶ǺɲǼĶ֣ҺӣӦܹӦ鷳ǡ
ȻܣΪɱ֮£ޣһ̰ɫ
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Ȼ޴ѡĹУֻɱȹһʱ֮С
Ҳ˵ɱӶϵɫɱ⣬ȴ̱ɱô̾ļһ޴ѡĳɼȻֻӶɱ֮ǰĳɼˡ
Ĺ涨ҲΪ˹ƽҪȻ޴ѡ»ס
Զ˾ֱЩǲδ̶֣Ǿѡ˼Ͼ˻Ǻӵ£ȻǺӡ
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ţ̷֮ɳǰڴȥ޾֮ȶ𣬷·𺣳ٲһ㽫ǰ˳С
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ڴĺ䱬ÿ˶ը˷飬ַɢ׷ɣһӿȥ
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һĻʱޱͣӿһ¡
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˵޿һţһȺϸ¶ĤݵɫȻÿһԳΪ޿Ĵڣ
Ǻɱ֮޹˵˿ȴԶԶ㿪ûб˿Լ
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޿һŵڡ
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΢̣Ϊŵ˵
ԶҪ͵ϮĻת˲ɱһڲֵʱ
Ϊھʩչ似ԸǺӣȻûĹ⣬ȴǼΪƣ
ĳЩ似ʱʩչھʹĻƲС
磡
磡
Ҳʱźͳڸԣһޣ˿ȴϰΪδ֡
֮ҪԸɫɱǺ£
źͳԣ̧ͷǺһۡ
İСĶ۶֮⣬һɫۣȫǸΪļһûκֵĵط
ӽ˶ĻԲע⵽һ
ۣ󣡡
ԶΧУ˰Ȼǿ˵ݡ
ۣ󣬶Ǻ൱ǿļһɲһ޿
ǺΪ޿ĴӣȻڶ࣬ÿһǾž֮ʵѰҪǿ౶
ռĵĲ
һǻ۵ļһļһȻǿռģֲǺкôٵĴԶϹ
ռԵģ޿ټܹ㹻ǿģȴҲࡣ
󣬱֮һ
ڹۣû֪ΪʲôۣʵУżʶ۵ˣѾˣ


522 ݿ
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յǺӵشϢʩչݿĵٶȸϹȴûܼǺӣֻܵЩǳĴڹĺۼ
Ǻӱɱˣ
ʵȻޱ𺳣ǰ̲סţһɱǺӣɱϴ
ܣȻ֡Ҳ
۵ĶɨԼԵšһۣʵܾɱűضΧɱ磬ȴ練ɱ˺üߣű˼˸ˡ
ʵΣһ²֪ˣ
ȴһЦӲ˹ȥ㳯ͷһļʵǣ˵˵ʲô˭˵ʵ뿪֮󣬱㽱һؼս
ֻ˵飬ܽؼսǼΪջ飬ΪȫѴ֮
ʱһȺȿֺĿʼ
״ķԭԷŷʲôøʱָΪƵʩչ似ƣĳЩҲ𽥿ʼա
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Ⱥ޲Ÿոտʼ˸ǺӶţǹۺͻȻûȥ˵ȻƣͻϮ
СôضۿʻȻʻʱδ֣˵״̬ãҪʱָ
ǵĹâȻҪָǵȻܸ㹻ʱ䣬ԡɣ
Ϯʱȫݿ֣ȻЯ˶ݵƿգɲǼǰ
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ۺ˳䲻ĹҶʩչǿĹֶΣݿԼĵѸײڶ֮Ƴӿ¡
һ̣ߵźͳ𣬶ûκΰ취зΪԷ̫ˣ
Լһֱս׼ʱҲǺʩչ㹻ֶεֵ
ġİ壬ҳס
һԼ棬漴֮Ψнϣھİ֮ϡ
ĸȫһ̱㽫ͨȥȻֱͨԿֵ
ȵƿձɱϮϵʱ򣬶ֻʣɵˡ
֮Уž֮оĵɾ˾İĵһء
ӲܽԷʣӲ
һȻ죬ɢȥۺ󷽻һξ롣
ԭȻܿͱɫΪǼӲĳ˵ͨȻֻǺ˼󲽣Ѫƺûκˣ
һôǿ
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İ壬ǿᣬ߲ܽξͺˡ
ţ̧ȥѪ
Ȼ֪ڲʱȥİ壬ģΨнǰȽ˵
ѪӰ

ڴʱһԵźͳҲڷӦԳŹۺʩչ켶ĺͨ似
似ȻȲͨȴҲڹۺ˵вġ
㣬͹ԹԹһȥ
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켶սϹĵ㽫ӺͳĹƵֵסˡ
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ѪҺӿ״̬ǺܺãӲ˵ͨǾİ壬Ҳȫ˺
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ΪУͬɫɱ

ԼĶݿձɱֱͨӱƣɫ΢΢һ䣬˴߶ݿĵź󷽰ɿӶȥ
΢΢һ̣ϵˣ
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ҡҲģ磬ƾĵͨΪݿܶݳǧ֮Զ㲻Ȧס
ƽ¶һȻ漴˻Ϊ׹⣬ǰʧ
ѪӰĥŵ󣬼㷢ҪɱͼҲû취ٶ룬ϾѪӰսסܹ֮Ѫ
ֹѪգ߶ԿѪӰͬʱ֮ȴҲ뵽ԷڣԷʴ
ȻѪӰսƷߣͬ޵ʱЧ൱ġ
󣡡
һԵĹۣڷͨӰλãͻȻתĿɱأȴû뵽Ŀ껹
ù۶ʱһܹɱ˶ݿĵżǿۺʵ
ȻˡΧţ˭ܽСɱˣȥ֮Ҹ˽һ켶սĽ⣬Ǻ绹Ǹ࣡
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һΧ޸ԥɱܵõ켶սڸࣿ
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ŵûһߣɱǵģϾڳôأؼҪɱͬʱסԼǿɾͲˡ
һȺޣȻһʱȴû˸ҵͷ


523 
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ʵϣȷʵأŻûЪϢһ£ָһ¾ƣģȴۺ󿴴Ϣ
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ʩչ似رǿ似޵ľ󸺺ɣڶʱ޷ʩչͬһ似
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Ϊİ壡
ܿԾ֮֮ľԱøӳɫʩչͬһ似ֻ֮ҪѰ޶һʱ䣬þָʩչ
ĹӰɱۻĹŲӰһУڳɾ;İ֮ǰʩչðʱһʩչ
ڣֻҪϢһʱ䣬һʩչһ
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ĿһԵĹֳۣУֱӳŹɱ˹ȥ
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ۼ״һһԷʵóɱﵵĻ򲻿ֵܵסġ
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£ûһԸȶ֣̽ڹŸ˵Ķ
ԹǹͷڳʮޣÿǴˣΪˣŸһʱϢᣡ
˽֣ԶԶ֮󣬱ؽ˺ڰ֮Уûκ֪ʲôط
Ҳܲ۵κϢֻоš
ģ;ˣοξУҲĶ͸ӵ
ɱ
ȻһȴԱߴ˹һɫɱޣֳһսȻɱ
ֵ״̬ûг̫ã˱Ǳ֮ѡҪ̽һûսġ
ֻһ˳ȴûԷ
ӣ𣬸ɵ
׹漴нգ󣬻ֳսޡ
ѪӰֱӽϮ޵似ͷ似˳ű㱻ֳдţ
ʲô似ûʩչֻǲٿϹУ㽫նɱɫɱ
ɱ˺ֳУصǻΪһ̯Ѫصɱ֮ȴɱ֮ĳ׳͡
Щ˾ͺˣɱ֮֮ǰɱ۵أôɱ֮պñ̤ɫɱ⡭
ƺȻ⻰ȴǱΧ˶ˣʱ˿ڿˮ
֮ǿԼģ
ʱһһεĹȥھչֻҪٹһȫָȫʢ״̬ʱ򣬾һȺʮһӵϣҪ£
ģӺƴˣͲСжֶΣɱǺӣɱôˣΣ
һͷޣȻŭһͬֱɱ˹
˵Ŀֱָ꣬һԵźͳ𣬱ֱӺˡ
źͳֶΣͱΧЩ˿ʲôвΨһµģֻһɱǺӵ
ǹͷ˳ɱʱȫ˵ע
״һڻûȫָĹӰɱʩչֻʩչűĳɱˣס
ҪֱӽԷûʩչ似£Ҳ򵥡
Ȼʱʾ
ӣһסһȥɵǹͷ
˵ţ漴ǹͷ޷ӭȥɱ֣͵úãɱұɱ⣡
ޣÿ϶ɫɱ⣬һǺ͹ϵɫɱ̶ȡ
ֻҪɱˣ۵ɱ⣬ͻƵأɫĳ̶ȣ
ѪӰ
β飡
źͳ֪״̬ѣƴʱˣʩչǿֶΣҪĳǹͷ޵ͬɱȥ
Ѫɫ⣬ɫ𺣣ڳѸӿͷ޵ͬôдҲ˽ֻͣʩչ似
Ȼһͣ˻ᣡ
ֳֳȫܶԷкԼϣͲͣĻӳâŶԷɱȥܿȫȾѪ
ȻޣȴҲŵĵâ˲ٴΣҲһ˵ˡ

ʱһȭպ֮ʱסǹͷޣ͸ȫ¾֮Уҿ
ұ
ɱ֣ͷһȭͷգһǹͷб죬ֱ飡
ʩչʱûʲôܹóˡ
ֳУһ̱һȥ˱ŲסǸޱ


524 ɫɱ
ӰէȻ֣޸ӦֱӱйᴩţΪ׹ⱻͳξ硣
һ
ͣ㣬ɱ⣬תдһڡ
޼һ޶ܣҪֵסУȻǾ޶սȴǱֱӸ飬ޱ㱻ɱ׹⡣
۵ɫɱ⣬Ǳգﵽʱ䡣
ֻȫɱȻɢɫһӱǳɫ˵صɱ⣡
ҲͬʱȫָϣʱʩչģȡֵڵȫǴȫʢ״̬
֣
ʱΧЩΧ۵ޣҵ˻ᣬ׼ˡ
ΪǶ֣źͳΪ˸סˣ˲ˣ϶Ҫֲȥ˲Ż
ǿ˻ϣ
ܹʮޣԳϮÿ˶ΪһĿ꣬ҪӶϵǳɫɱ⣡
˵ɱ֮ɱҲһܹסչһϣܹл̤޿ʥصϣ
ӣ𣬻
״˵ţһ̧֣۳ĹŲӰ
źͳĻʱһ֪ӦǻָһЩҷԡ
ĹŲӰ
ΧɱʮޣЩÿһ綼پǿߣͨؾš
ڣֻɱһǾ˵ģ
ûлָôֻܹ취Щ˵ڧǿʼɱԼٴѰһᡣ
ѾȫָͲô鷳ˡ
ĹŲӰ
ھۣ֮һ̱㱻۳˵ĹŲӰ
ĹŲӰĸ൱սԭı֮࣡
ɱű
һгɱ⣬Ͼ֮Ȼ㱬ɢ˿
ĹŲӰͬһʱ۾֮˷ɢȥ˾̬֮
ձ鱬
֮˷ɳȥһһ·Ҫռ䶼
Χɱʮޣɽɫ䡣
ԭӦûʲôսˣȻȴǳǵԤϣӰͬʱʩչǿ似ˡ
ˣ쳷ˣ
ܣ
似˲գ
ʮУгһļһѡ˺ˣϾһƺƴף˭һУֱ˰˸޵ġ
дʮˣһߺһʩչ似ЩǶԼ似ŵģ֪ԼٶȲ죬϶һеĹΧ
һ̣֮ų߿˲佫˵ʮˡ
鱬
ȭͷһ󣬶ʱʩչűĵ߱鱬֮ǰձˣ֮Ϯޣʱ˿ھ֮ȻһƬ
׹ӳв˸ĹŲӰʩչļ似ʮޱˣһٺɱʮˣʣ֮ҲǸˡ
Ǳ˾˺ȥҲҴ⣬ڵУصʵ̫ˣʵɲ⣡
Ȼȫ˳Ϊ磬սȴҪǿ̫ࡣ
ɱ֮ˡ
ʱΧ˻ͷȴԵһ̯Ѫأ۵ԽԽŨվһöѪ顣
Ȼɱ֮ͣΧȴûκ˵ģһֻĿȡߣһ£գ
ɱ⡭ɫ
ɱ֮ɱһӴǳɫɱΪǳɫ
޴ѡУ޳ɼɱ⣬ɫڵȻǳɫɱ⣬ȴ㶥⡣
޴ѡÿһζɫɱ⣬ǽɱ˼£ǳɫɱ⻹ҪŨʮ
ҪĻǳɫɱ⣬Ҳδܹǰ
Ҫ֪޴ѡаڵ޿ţȫһμӽġ
ܹǳɫɱ⣬濺δزܡ
ҵ뿴ν޿жǿ
ȭͷܵȫɫɱȣξУɫɱ֮ʩչκ似ȻҪ
ҪƣҲ÷ǳݣʩչһй󣬺ܹܿٴʩչ
ɫɱ⣬ξеߡ
ҪӶɫɱ⣬еܣҪӶɫɱĻȴǧѣԼҲӵɫɱ⡣
ۿɫɱ⣬ΧЩ˵ޣһûκζ־
ɫɱ⣬ߣ
ɫɱ֮ǰ޷ôɫɱ⣬ǸĶˡ
һʱ䣬Щ˱ܵӰ٣֮ǰǺ¹ۣҲǰһ֮תȥ
ҪɱƾڵĹۣˣ뿪
ԭۻԸΧô˵ʱг֣ȴû뵽Ļָٶô죬ֱʩչǿ似Щ˶ȥ
ۿɲô
ת뿪֮󣬱ʩչֶΣʼ֪ޣܿ죬Ȼ֪һϤ˵Ϣ
䣡
۶ʱǰһ侹Ȼ⸽״߰䣬϶ܸȤɣ
뵽ֱӳŸ֪İڼɹȥ

֪۵ΪԼȵɱ⣬Щп
ξ磬Уһжпܵġ
ֻҪɫɱ⣬ʩչκ似ҪƣҲͳ̶ȣʱٴʩչͬ似
һսֱӱõ˼μ
Ĳ˵ĹŲӰͣ۳˭Ǹֵ
ӣߡ
кһ׼˵ɱȥ
ɫɱ⣬ǺǿߣӻҲˣȫҪ¡
ˣźͳ𣬰ɱʱ̡
Ȼһɫɱ⣬޾ܵԶԶģҪɱˣҲôס
ԣֻҪһˣҪʩչӰȸ˲գʩչԼٶȴסԷöԷѡ
Ź˰ʱʱ䣬һ·ץסˣ۵ĵɫɱ⣬ȫøźͳȥˡ
Щɱ⣬˵صɫɱ⣬̤޴ѡǰһ
Ҫ֪ɱ⣬֮ǰֻɲۡļһӵС
֮ǰǺӣҲǽεĵɫɱˡ
۵ɱ⣬̤޴ѡǰ٣ѾпˣڴˣҪźͳٷ֮ٽǰ
Ȼ˼ɱǰʱǰȴһΪһٻӰɫȹݾǰʮޣס
ɫɱ⡣
۾ɨһ۰䡣
ڵİ䣬ֻɫɱ⣬ôͲҪˣ


525 
ҡ
һǰһ߶źͳ˵
԰ԼĶʮˣźͳðգҪȥԡ
ɫɱξǼ޵еĴڣǶԷҲɫɱ⣬ûʲôĶ֡
ң˺սҲûκõġ
ȥ̽
һվ˳ֱӷ
˳޿ʱսν׿ɽ
׿ɽһߺɫһαֻɺϣһΣضҵĶ֣
ϻࡣ
˵ţȫûн׿ɽ
°ܽȻж⣬˵ɫɱ¡
һ̧֣֮Ӱֱ˫ּ۳漴׿ɽȻϮȥȻһֱóձ鱬
֮׿ɽ˲ڣ׿ɽֱӻΪһ׹⣬˳ȥ
һĻԼ˵Ԥ֮Уܹɫɱ⣬;Բ׶Ըļһ
׿ɽһ£Ҳðǿʵ
ձ鱬нһΪֲۿ׿ɽֱӱѹΪ׹⣬Ҳһ
ǿ似ǻҲһ޷ֵ
Ҫǣʩչеٶʵ̫ˣҪʩչ似һʱ֮Ҳ
Χɱ
ûκԥֱӶ˷
޴ѡʼ֮ǰҵǩһԼ
޴ѡУͰ֮䣬˭ͣ˭ҪŶԷߣ˵Ļ濵ʦֲߺɽôӦһҪ
ⲢͰһδģһκŮӼʱҪģȴһöļҩ徽𵤣һ̤ĲΡ
ڣξмзŹĵ
رǿȻѾɫɱˣȻ䲻֪ôģ˵ֻнնɱһ·ߣ
ڲɱ϶ɫɱǿЧٶɱ⵽ɫȥ
ҪɱٶϳѾܡ
˿ԼҲɫɱԸҲ׵Ϊһ˫ֿ˭ܱ֤ȥܹ
ǹҵ䣬Ȼ󴫻òųɹġ
䣬˷ᣡ
һ£Ƕʮ޸ʩչֶΣɱʮˣġͨȵͣ׷ʩչ˳Ƭޱȵĵص׿ռ䣡
ĹŲӰ
״һֱ̧֣ʩչĹӰɱһУ۳ԼһģһĲӰ
漴ĹŲӰ̧˫֣ܽȭͷͬ۳֮͸޾ɭȻϢ
ձ鱬
һɱһűܹ֮ӰӷϮȥһ죬ΧɱĶʮޣһȫеڡ
ܣ
Ѿ֮ʴҲܲˣ
Ҫֵ
ձ鱬ǽűȻܹ֮ʩչ似ȻĴļ似ͬ£Щοֵܵס
ֻһ̣죬ȫΧɱޣһУǿֻ߰˸һҲż˿ȥ
һȺ
״һһ漴̧ʩչͨɽͱӽ٣
뺮ĴﵽϣͨʩչѾȵϷŶʮ֣
һƬӰкȻ׺ڵĵص׿ռ䣬һɽ˷۳漴ڴڵϮȥ
Уȡӡ
ȫûȥֻͨǻУϹ֮ӵе
ֶΣûκΰ취㱻иȡӡҴڲİ˸ǶС
еǰӡֱǺӡɲ󣬵ĸӡȻǰġ
ܿǰһ벻ĻӡǺӵĻӡǿҲ޼еƻɣ
ĵԲͬ޵ӡǣеֱš
ϹżսĿֲ֮
ܹиӽܵϣ϶и벻ϱ
ƣ
ȡ˰Ļӡֳ֮УֱӳŰϮɱȥ
ǰ޾ɽһ۳ĹŲӰֱԻӰɱֶըƬ
ӡͻ
ӭ˰ͨӽ٣иմ㽫䳹׺飬ѿ
ƣɫȻ仯
Сӡֲɫɱ⣬ս̫ˣ
̲סʼź˿ȥϴŵĺȻ֮ɫǴĶȥôһ̥
ô˵ȴҲܾɱˡ
ٻӰƮȻʱʩչ似ͨһ˿ȥͬʱ˺·һ̣Щ̶Զ׷ɱ֮ˡ
̤·˲㱻ϮֻһֻϱںͻȪϱڣϵı̻飬ȴֲϵ۳
Щ̣˲ɫɱȴҲЩסûа취ȥ׷ɱ䡣
ĿŰ룬δ׷ɱ
´ټĻɾûôˡ
һ۰ԶȥķɫȹӰЦһȻعͷ
֮Բ׷Ϊоźͳ⵽Σգűձ鱬УʮûлΪ׹⡣
ʮˣۿ̫ѶԸ㽫˺ͷźͳϡ
ͰսʮͬʱźͳϮɱȥٶȼ죡
磬תʩչӰȸ˲գЩ޵ٶȣźͳڴ˹ȥ
һ̣ͬӰеɱֳ֣Уÿγֶһ޵ɱΪ׹ⱻߣ
ûЩ޿źͳ𣬳һѾնɱˡ
Щˣ֮ǰ㱻űˣǿʱսѾ൱͵ĳ̶ȡ
źͳջĸޣҪûɱġ
ֻϧŵѪӰͳĻҲôǵģ˸ʩչ켶ĺͨ似ֱӽĸޱ˿ȥ
ȫʢ״̬κһɱźͳˡ
ڣȴֱӱˣ
ǰԻȪֱӺˣȪ֮·֣Զ
ְɡ
źͳ˵ͷ
лĻϣźͳɱ⣬һ޴ѡеȡ̤ǰ֮Уõ޿ʥصĻᡣ
ˣȻҲ״Ļᣡ


526 ѡ
źͳɱɱ֮۳˱Ƚɫ
һӦܹ̤뵽޴ѡǰˣȻֱǲܴ⣬лĻǻ˶һЩɱ⡣
벻ǰôڣȴֱӴˣ
ŷǰ˵ɫɱ⣬ʩչ似ûκƣֶΣ޵˰ɡ
һ£δǫ飬ֱЦһЦ޿ţҲδĻ˫ǿһء
Ҳɫɱ⣬ȻԲĶ֡
ЦһЦ˵޴ѡã磬ҪȻҺӿͱɱȥˡ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
̾˿뵽һμ޴ѡˣܡҶ֡ѩвСԦˡ
޴ѡξʵ̫ҵˣοôʱȥˣ˺пѾɱȥˡ
⵹Ҫȥ룬ȻԴһҪҲûʲô취
ҡҡͷ˵ҿξ磬ҲֻҪ񹥻ֶΣǾòʲôóɼҲ
Ըˡ
źͳ𶼵˵ͷ
˼ǰУһǰ˵Ӱһ֡
µˣȴû뵽СУȻһˡɫ£ֳ˫ս͵ϵ𰣡
һʼ֪Ҳμ޴ѡĵ֣ξɱȴû뵽ҲôԶ
Ȼܹڣ϶ΪԼʵΪһˡ
֮УΪһѩ׳Ӣ꣬ϢǺͷűܵİе
ˣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻйذһЩ顣
䣬ݲֻ޿ĵô򵥣ڳΪ޿ĵ֮ǰ޿һšȵˣ
޿ҲţΪǿġ
Ȼ֮һȴҲ޿ڳ֮⣬ۺʵǰļ֮һˡ
䣬ʵǱȵһλŮĸͲѰˣ˸λհס
޿ϣɽȽ˰ʵ
ǰһѩ׳Ӣ꣬Ͱһĳֱѩĵʵ²Ȱ
ҲֻˣŻǳɫɱ⣬ɱ⣬Ǻܲĳɼˡ
𰣬꣬ɫɱ⣬Ҳﵽ˵ɱ⣬һ
Ȼԭʵɱ۵Ҳ֮С
濵İæ϶ҲͨؾǿߵĶ֣ξС
۾в²⣬Ǳȵİһ𣬿ǿˡ

һǰˣȻ𰣬ʱ磬һȻڼˣһ𣿡
⻰Ƥһ飺һ
ѵǣһֱڴƹء
źٺһЦ磬ȻһˣȴҲóǹĵģˣһ𣿻Ϊ۸ɱ⣬ÿЩ뿪͵

֪˵ʲôãȻˣȻҪкġ
𰡣
ֱӷǰȥ֮е𰺰һ
𰷽űкһϲû˵վǰѩ׳Ӣһˡ
λֵϵ
ѩ׳иֳһĨΪ֮ɫɫɱ⣬֪ʵ϶Ǽǿġ
ļһȻϵ𰣬ʵȣͬʱҲ˼裡
µģȻˣҪ֪֮Դ𰣬ΪĮ𰣡
λǰڣ֡
һ꣬Ȼǰҵѡ
˵ʵҲǷǳȣһμǻξУҸһѾǿɫɱ⡣
лϲû̫ࡣ

һüʱֳһĨɱڵ޿˶̸㣬õ˿԰䷢һѫ£һ뿤Ǻӡ䷢ͻ˿·硭ʵǿ
û´ĻڣǱȵĵӣ
۾ʲôˣ
ҺͰûйϵ
Цһңɫɱ⣬Ҳ֣Ҫ𰣬ǵôʬ̤У
Ȼڰ˵仰ʱȴһ֣űһ˱Ȼһ㣬󣬺šվһ
һĻǰüѪ
ڣһ·лңȥ֮Ҳμ޴ѡõĽ͸ģȥϣҵһж
˵
ܹӿЩů԰ڵʱȻ൱Įġ
ðкܲܣľһɱУ۵ɫɱ⣬ͷȻܵǱȥ
Ǽɫɱ⣬Ҹܹ𣿡
ɫ䣬˵
ˡ
ҡҡͷһֻɫɱ⣬ֻĳɫɱ⣬ҼҲһսǣѣ
ѡ
ʹ½ʱһǾ൱飬Щ
ٴȻŹᣬڣӰ첻뷨
ʱں˲ɱɱһ߸ɫ˵ڴ磬СӲʶôȻ˱ˡǲɺͳ
졣
һߡ
˵⻰ڱתȥ׼ֱ뿪ˡ
Ȼܲˬǰ֮ʵǿ뿪ľǵҲ޷
Ȼʱ
Сģ
վ󣬺Ȼѵڹƶˣ˵
û˵꣬ǰڱѾһתھ뼫ʱͨȻ㳯Ϯ
Сӣɣ
Ǹ߸¶һĨЦֶΣõģ
ϾǿᣬҲͨؾǿߣξ磬ǿƣҪõĻȥɱˣͱսթֶΡ
Ҫ뿪ļȴͻȻתɱֶΣһ˵˴ֲ
Ȼȴ׼˷
ڣǲȻôõڸɱ⣬ҶûǰҿһֱھͻȻ֣ѣһᱻ͵ϮҾͲˣ
кâһ˫ȭգ֮Ȼɢű
ձ鱬ֱʩչ֮Ӱ˫ȭɳŰˣ


527 նɱ
ű˽壬˷׷ױ֮ʴڣ漴֮鱬죬ھҪ飡
壡
ؼʱ̣ڻǷӦ̧ʩչһͨȫ˺ĳֺԵĽ䱣
ձ鱬ƻǲ㺮飬Ȼȴûܹ˵ڵľ
ڼѾ˷ûɱ˼תӡ
ںһˣûֵܹסűֱӵͱ˰׹⣬ͳξ硣
ܣ
һץס𰣺𰣬Ұ˰ڣɱɱ۵ɫ
˭ȴ㶣漴ҡҡͷ͵Ϯ㣬ȥɱӦġңȴһ·ûͱɱξ磬ɱ
š
¶Цݣ⻰˵ĲóɫɱΪջҲδʧģ֪ԼҪʲô
ȻѡվһߣȴͰڵжԣǷ顣
޴ѡ֮϶Ὣ˴޴ѡõĽȥ͸ڣ飡
Ȼ֪ҪʵˣܸڵģΨ޴ѡõĽѡ
Ȼˡӣϣ
һӰȸ˲ͬʱʩչֳУһг뿪ȥİ׷ɱȥ
ǹ
ۿ׷ɱ֪ͷ㵯ָ˺üĺǹ
ƣ
ֳУԼٶȴЩǹһ̣ܽǹ
һ̣ԽԽ
ɫɱ֮似ʩչûʲôƣֻ˫һģʱĹŲӰԻΪУʩչӰɱŰɱȥ

ĹŲӰڰƣܵ·ߣֻԭͣ
ʱӰȻֳ֣УֱӽڵӡǸȡ
еʼ
žâڲռİ˸ǶۣѾװ޵ĻӡüΪײС
αᣡ
ڱȡӡδܵʲôʣۿԼֱֻܳʩչͨαᣡ
һ㺮⵽ڳֹ׷ܵ·ߣֱȫ裬Ǳ͸飡
ģ
һ̧֣ʵĺֱͷų֮ϣƬʱ䣬㽫εһ
ƣ
ֳУǰһֱ̣ӽһı飬漴˴ѳ
ıΣһ̳ײһ𣬱һ͵ı磬˶Ʒɿȥ
ҪѰޱ粨ˣȴɾ;İ壬Ҳֻ˵˰ˡ
Ȫ֮
ѩ
ֻ֮
ֻ֮ͬʱ۳֣ǿԼɫѩƮ㣬ȪϢڶð˵½һ벻ֹ
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һֳֻ̣֮ɱ˹һնֻ֮磬㽫ھȥ
Ȼֻ΢һ㣬ȴҲѾֻ֮ܵڵµĿֲ
ȻˡԻȪ
ֳֻ֮װҪŰնɱȥȻڰ׼ܵʱ򣬷һȭ۾֮Ȼ
Ȫ֮ͻȪ֮·˲佫˲ס޷֣
ƾڱҪߵҲüʱ䣬ȻļսУʱ
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Զżᣬʱֳֳһ켶ĺͨ似Ϯʱ˶ڣ
ѪӰѪǿӰһҪɱһѾסܶұ˳һʵİڣɲˡ
һ̣Ѫɫ㽫ն룬漴Ϊ׹ⱻͳξ磡
֮ǰͲԶ𰣬Ȼǽ˺͸ˣ
㲻ͷ͵ϮңұҲˡɻ
ǰصŰڱɱ֮ǰȫûнϡ
ԭûҪɱڣɫɱ⣬ҲûҪ˼ȻǰԼɱ̫Щ
һն˰ڣɱҲ۵˵ɫĲΡ
Ϊοһ˴ﵽɫɱ⣬̤ǰûκˡ
ȥһʱֻҪŲסɼˣһʱ˵ûʲôѶȡ
ξУڵĻĸɫɱ⣬ҿ϶Ƿֲڸλûô׼ġ
ɫɱĶ֣һɲҪ¡
𰣬֮ǰҲȥЩ
صԣЦһ䡣
ţһ˫
˵ͷۿɱ˰ڣЩ̫ȴҲû̫⡣
ξɱһٳˣǰҲҵģȻת͵Ϯ
ȻˣһԴļսת齣͵ϳ֮ұ㽫͸㡣
΢΢һЦȡ˾ת齣
ת齣ӰϴӮĴļս൱ǿ˫似϶Ϊǿ
ļ˫
û뵽ռͻԼһݴЩӦ
ξ磬ȸϤϤȵ޴ѡȴ޷ߡʹ½֮ٽʽ㡣
ת齣һӣ䵽С
ļ˫Ϊٶ˵δǿս
ֳžת齣ܸܵ˫ƺֻҪһ˫е籡
ڴ֮ǰֻó켶ս켶սѾǿˣļս켶սǿϺü
ת齣໥ϵĻ᲻ɹ
Ц˵Ͱɣ𰡣
š
˵ͷȴ룺ȻҪ͵ģΪܹ׷

£šˣǰڰص׿ռǰ
ڣξеޣѾˣ֮ˣҪˣͱñȽѡ
ȥһʱ˲ǰɣûлɱκһˡ
飬ԶԶҰУһɫɱ⣬̱֮ززˣһ׷Ҳ׷
ϾšˣûĻܿĳЩΣգڲˡ
𰣬һ·м𣿡
ȻûʲôĿ꣬ͱ߱ʵôĵʱ䣬Ҳá
ˡ
˵ɫ΢һҼƷ壬ֻϧûܾǰ˵ػɫɱ⣬ֻ̤ǰһˡ


528 
ǰһ
ԣɫһ漴ҡҡͷǰһ㹻ˣֻҪ뿪ʹ½ɽȣұа취ǵʵǿ
룬ȥҪˣȥС濰æ
Ҫ濰æֻҪһˣţڷƷ塢ܰ˵ֻҪõһССĻᣬضܹƾԼԽԽǿ
һССĻᣬڿ˵Ӧò̫ΪѲŶԡ
뵽бǰɶȥ

ȥʱ䣬ϴǰÿˣͬʱʩչȸ˲պӰ׷׷ϣǾֻˡ
׷ϣ㽫ȫסȻšԼ˻ɱŲʱȥ˵صɫɱ֮⣬𰣬Ҳ۳ɫĵɱ⣬̤ǰٿ϶ûʲôġ
޴ѡĵ֣ܹʱ䣬ʲô£ᱻͳȥ
амţξ翪ʼҲѾȥʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ԺоΧԽԽ٣ɼɱңξв˻ڰˡ
ʹ½ҪξУֻʣ˴ڣҪҵ˻ɱ൱ѵ顣
Ҳ֪ĳɹΣ֮󣬻᲻ʲôᡭ
лЩ²ġ
˵ɫɱ⣬϶ܹ̤޴ѡǰˣ˭Ҳ֪Щʲôļ
ǺȻ˵֮һֱˣҲδ֪
硣
ʱûмĬȥǼΪ侲˵ʱȥ죬ʣһʱ䣬˵̫ҪǼĻ²̫ˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺˵
ʱҲ磬ȻҺӣﶼѾ϶ܹǰǼȥҲûʲôҪˡʹ˳һ˺úսһ
֪ǸŶԼ
ųǰߣ䲻Ҳ֪˶ɱ⣬Ҫǧܴ⣬ʣһʱ䣬ҪȫԸˣ
źͳ˵ĻҲ֪˵鲢ûд
ٴ˵Ļ˵Ǹ˲ܣҲǲܵ顣

źٺһЦֱ˵˵صɫɱ⣬̤ǰȶˣɱңӶҵĵɱ⡭ȵһʱ󣬳ĳɼȶٸɱˣһ˶۵ɱ⣡
⽨鲻
ԣʱǰһһЩСӣξߵ󣬶ǻɱΪûԸңȥɾʶ֮ˡ֮䣬ȴ⣡
٣˵Ҫ
΢̣ĳȻ޴ѡһ͵һ㣬٣ǶԼˣɲ㽱
˵öԡ
ԣҲֱӵ˵ͷ
ʵУȻκһֵܣξ磬ξ
һ޴ѡĹܳ
Ȼˣ˵ȥ˵ѡ
ûʲôԥֱֳһŻ棬ɱȥӣȥ֮󣬵Ⱦƣ
֣
ŹһЦ漴̸ЦУԻ淨ֱӺ˰׹⣡
ϵĵɫɱ⣬˳ϡ
ˣֻҪһʱĳɼӸһЩ
ŻΪ׹ŶȥЩȻʧ漴عڻǶʱжóʲô⡣
ͳԵ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
˽ȥڵĵص׿ռԭϢ

Լʱ
һˣŵصɫɱ⣬һѰɱ֮·
š˵ɱ⣬ɫɱŨ࣬ҪĻҲ֮ǰ߳˲١
Ҫһж𰵱ȻҲҪͳξ硣
Ȼǰû⣬ұ·ҵһΰ䣬սҲȷ۵ɱⲢҲУ
š
һԼ䣬Ҳ䣡
һˣһֱǰƱᱻϣ֮·ӰҲǲС׼ͻƾʱ򣬶һЩϵ谭
Щһ;߾ȫġ
˵ɱ䣬͸һЩɭζЩԶԶ޸˼Ӵܡ
ȻڣҪչˣҪ׷ɱͿԲһе׷ɱ

ʱ򣬾׷ɱһСһһŮˣе죬ǰ¡
£ͨؾǿɣƺĳֺϻ֮һʵǿ
ҲϾȻȫŵصɫɱ⣡
Ӱȸ˲ա
ɫɱ⣬ϵʩչ似˻УԼٶ׷ɱȥ
һһŮۿ޷ѣȻͣ׼һս
ȥҲǱ׷ϰˡȻˣƴһ
׺֮ɫתһһ̤գ˫ĶѸ׷
ƴˣ
ŮҲһɫֳһѳһ̱ǧ⣬·Ͻˮ಻űϮ
ȸ
ֱײûһܵ˼кȻɵľ룬̽Ů޵ĺ󱳣飡
Ů޵ǧ⣬Ͻˮȴ޷סԡȸֱӶȥ
˸ɴĽһôʣµһҲڻˡ
֣ͣлҪ˵
Լͬﱻɱʱɫ䡣
أû뵽ֻһ˲˹һŮǿƴɱ
æҪסѰ
Ȼȴû˵Щʲô
˵ȳȥ˵
һʱʩչӰɱĹŲӰ۳Уޱɱȥ
һ̣֮Ȼ죬ֱӱĹŲӰ˳УΪ׹ⱻͳξ硣
ϵɫɱ⣬ȫӶɫɱһЩ
Աʲôɡ
֮ȴδκиֻǵ˵һ䡣
ŸշϮʱ򣬾Ѿܵһֵɱ⣬ʼһֱš
ڸɵһһŮˣɱȴȻ޵Ĵȷţ˶һԣ׼֡
žžž
һƵ漴һڰӰӺڰƮȻ͸ޱɭϢ
ȻȫںڰУȴҲЩɫɱӰڰе͸¶ȷҲѾɫɱǿߣ
ӵ˸ؼɣɱɱ⣬Ҳ˾ȡ
΢̣˭


529 һ
ôֱӵķʣǺڰӰڴһЦ

ӰĻУ̺һЩϷʣҴһ֮ǰвң˵һģǱڼȻˣ룬Ǳİɣ
ԭȷҪҪ˴һ⻰ʱɫ΢䣺˭
һСѾͷëûμ޴ѡЦ⣬иȹŮӣŷ٣ˣӦöʶɣ
ǺӰϷʵĻ
һʱ֪ڰӰ˵ˣӦþСѾͷϦ裬ջīճˡ
ɱģ
ʵ
ɱġ
ǺڰӰֱӳˣڣȻҲɫɱ⣬ӣӵһսʸ񣡡
һսʸ񣿡
۾ȻĦի죿
벻㾹ϳˡ
ǺڰӰЦδ
벻ν޿һš
ɫ΢
Ħի죬޿֮һӰħٵϯӣѾӵߵͨ۷Ϊֻһܹ̤ؾ
Դ˵츳ۣ̤ؾֻʱ⣬Ħի̨ҲԲһ޿
˵˴С̤ؾʮɾͨؾ񲻹ʮһ꣬ȴѾﵽͨؾ۷塣
޿ǼеĴڣǵ޿Ҳû˿ֲ츳
޿˵һ仰Ħի죬Ҫ޿ֻʱ⣬Ħիǻ磬ջʳһܹŲ
ʲôһţЩЩ֮˸á
ǺڰӰȴǳһЦ޿һҵǵȷûҵ˭ܹ࿹ġξ磬ͬһ磬ϣܹúսһ
Ůӣþ񹥻ֶɱģɱˣ
δôԷ˵üͷһѯʵ
Ȼó񹥻ֶΣ޴ѡУɱûκ塣
Ħի쵭һЦԷģ뿪֮ȻԼǡ
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ոӰħٵĵӶȽó񹥻ֶΣҪĦիԾ񹥻ֶɱϦջīǿɾͲˡ
ãĦիƺʮ֮ˣһ;൱ִš
緽ţԭԳսʱͻȻϮƾֱܹӽɱˣӶϵɫɱ⡣
ǣĦիȴδôֱԻ׼
ɼȻǰӰħ֮ˣԻǱȽġ
ȻֻǴӱˣҲܴһͿԷΪ
ȻҪսǾɡ
Ҳս⣬ξУǺ֮⣬δһ࿹ļһǺӣҲֱɱ
ĦիΪ֣պĥһԼڸ似
Сˡ
ĦիǺڰӰȻһȫʧȥϢ˷·ȫΧĺڰΪһ壡
üͷ΢壬һ£Ħիɱⶼȫˣζ޷ĦիĴڣ
ģ
״ֻҲʩչֶ˱ĵ嵽ϢԽԽֱʧ
˵ΣȫûƬڵص׿ռУҪ޾ȫȻǿš
իӰϮ
ȻһܵһĺӰԼڴϮ
ǶģֻƬڵĵص׿ռ⹥ҳҵλ
ܿ㷢֣ЩӰֱӱԼȴܿвٺӰϮԼڵķ
һϢʩչ˻ĹӰɱ
ĹŲӰֱ۳Ѹٷɳȥһδ
ɱ
ĦիȻϵֱһĹӰɱ̽ħצͨիħצ
һħ۶ɵħצǻĹŲӰϮɱȥʱǲӰ

һֱʩչӰɱǻĹŲӰȻѿ
իħצĹŲӰץסȴû뵽ǻĹŲӰᱬըȻֱӱը鿪һħΧϮȥ
ͬʱ߶ĹŲӰǸĦիڰӰֱȥʩչӰȸ˲գɾת˲
Ӱɱ
ĹŲӰһһΧǺڰӰֲγǿǺڰӰȫ˽ȥһӿС
ڻĹŲӰĻӰɱУǺڰӰȻ޵ֿ㱻ֱӾƬ΢΢һ㶣漴Ӧ
ȻҲǲӰĦի죬벻Ҳ似Ӱеħɱ˵ħɱԼ似
ţʩչûг֡
ĦիĲӰֱӱ飬䱾壬ȻڰУȫû˿
Щ֪Ħիõʲôȴ֪ԼʩչΣܼ̫á
ûƵġ
۵ɫɱ⣬Ȼܹʩչ似ôҲþƣȴûʲôӰ졣
öˣһ岻ʣͷۻ
Ħիõʽ似طôҪҪˡ
ϾֻǴʹ½ϵģǵε
ĵĿӡͱȥܹģΨĵһˡ
ֵ״ûг̫á
һνŹȥʱ䣬һӰٴγڴϮһΣȷԷѾҵλã

ĦիЩɲ׸
űձ
һֱ̧֣ʩչűȻˣҲûҪʩչˣֱӺһȭһ֮Ӱ
Ǿ֮Ӱ漴кȻ죬ֱӽϮĺӰȫ飡
ôҵģ
Χʵüͷ΢΢š
˵ĸ֪ɲֻӾ˫֮⣬֪ȵȡ
һڰӰһƬг֣˾Զҵ飬ҵĸָ֪Ѱǿʮֹ
ΪʲôҪ
ȴǼüͷǲ֣ҶǷֲ㣬Ѿڲ֮ˡ
սδ̫Ȥ
ĦիУ̺һЩϷʣƺ֪ξɫɱ⣬һЧǱܹӿ޶似֮򣿡
ԣüͷһ⵹ǲ֪
ɫɱ⣬㼸ܹƵʩչ似һ似ȻȻúܿˣ𣿡
Ħի쵭ҪѸ似һƾеĶֲСڣҿûʸɣ
£Ħիһ̧֣һǺ֮һ»Ұųɱ


530 
ƾеĶ֣
һĦի֣Ϊʲô⣬ֻΪһְˡ
ξУɫɱ޲пֱڣĦիĵһɫɱޡ
һĦի˵Ǹĥˡ
Ħի˵ĲξУɫɱ֮ʩչκ似жģ£ͣʩչͬ似϶޶似̡
ܿĦի뷨ʱ΢΢һ̣ȻˣҲ㵱һĥʯɣ
ĦիֱͨԺĶԵУյ˴һֻ֮ϱڣֵܵľ͵ֵֵܵģþİӲĳܡ
Ħի켴Ϊ޿ĵһţܵѹƵ£ʱҲ޷
ÿסһιʩչĹӰɱű似ͬʱ߶Уٽһսϳ̶ȡ
ĦիĻӡ
ֳУһὫĦիӡǸȡ˽еڲռǶ֮С
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Ϲ֮еѾΪȡ˵Ļӡ˽
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˵磬ԭֻܶԸپޣƾУѾܹԿͨؾǿߣ
ؾޣԿͨؾǿߣ޿Ǽټ˿û˵ġ
ڱѾһ㡣

ĦիֳеȻԼӰ϶޷ֵǰһ֣ȷԼƾеĴڣ
ͨիӰϮ
Ħիһ̧֣ģӰ˸ȻϮÿһģӰӶżǿҵɱ⡣
ţ֮ǰǿˡ
ܵԷһͨüͷ΢΢һ壬漴ֻʩչȸصռȥһй
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Ħի״ǰһȴ΢̣Դŵа˵ûκЧ
£ֻĦիڵĺӰ΢һ̧֣һƬɢȻ̺ſռĵ
ȻʩչȸصռУȻĦիһƬȴ˶ΧУ͸صƬռУ
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״Щ⣬ֱ񣬻ѧȸһͷһܹһƽ⡣
ʩչȸռмʩչκֶΣҪȥ϶ܿᱻĦիЩ֣͸ȫܵˡ

ռع飬漴̱ٶȣһܿȥ
Ӱȸ˲գ似һһգۼܷӳɵľ룬һӾͶ㿪˶ԷǿիӰϮ
իӰϮĵһͨҲ̤ͨ뵽ͨؾͨΪŸ硣
Ħի쿴ȥҲû׷ԹԵ˵ҵիӰϮԭ죬ľ磬һս˵ĲΡ
쾳磿
ԣüͷ΢΢һ塣
似ƣͨҲǴ߶ĵַˡ似ǳ֣֮ͨȻҲС
Ħի΢̣˵ͨؾޣܹͨ򵽵죬Ѿ൱ˣȻǲĶˡ˵׷Ȼֻ죬졭ǿͨҪģ
ֲá
һô¡
ԭ͸оÿʩչͨͬΪΪÿϳ̶Ȳͬڿֻˡ
ͺ似һͨҲͲ֣֮Ϊ쾳硣
һ쵽죬쾳磬⾳εͨʮǿ󣬾֮ͬǰĴͨ
żεͨǾѾǳǿˣǺӣ֮ǰĳЩͨ¾ĲΡ
ڣĦիͨիӰϮѹǳԭΪͨ򳬳޵Եʡ
似򵽸ΣܹһЩµĹЧôͨǷҲˣ
һ뵽⡣
Ħիƺµ룬žͳ죬죬졭ͨ򾳽磬ÿһ󾳽磬ܹһЧڣҿҵիӰϮ
Ħի⻰͸окЩӰ·𸽹֮һ㳯Լ׷ɱЩӰӰΣȴܸܵɢɱ⣡
һǶԸˣ¾ûʸΪĦիƾеĶ˰ɣ
ţȻ䡣
ġ
ܽȭͷȫʹâҫĵȻ˿
ΧӰȻ޷ۼȴȻܹʵĺĸӰ쵽
ĹâͬʱĹŲӰĹŲӰʩչű
ձ鱬
죬أ·ƬضΪ˾֮أիӰϮӰȫ
ĦիիӰϮͨڳױ֮֮ǰȻȴҲһӸ׺䱬ˡ
Ŷ
ĦիڵĺӰһЩû뵽㾹ֵܵסһУý㵱ͬһεĶˡ
˫ɢƬռ䣬ԲǧɷΧ֮ڣΪ˵ս
κһƬս;ԻᱻеĿ˺飬ûаֻ·
սУԸ似Ҳʼ
Ħի˵ξУһƾжֵʱ㹻ǿĶѹ£޶似ͨ򽫻÷ǳ١
رǶ˵ɫɱǿ˵ˡ
ĹӰɱ۷֮
üʱɴڼΪҵսУڿʼ似ͻƣȱǻĹӰɱһдļ似
˻ĹӰɱ֮ܿʼۻĹŲӰŶһ̶ȵܹ۵ĻĹŲӰҲԽԽࡣ
ĹӰɱС֮󣬱ܹʩչӰʱڱٶȣɵĻĹӰɱܹʩչӰɱûĹŲӰԵ˷ɱϮǿ
ڣĹӰɱһ۷֮㴥ĹЧ
ģЧȫĦիˡ
ȴδֱʩչΪ֪ƾĦիĸ֪ܣҪȻһöûС
뿪Ҫġ
ɡȸ֮裬ȸ
ĦիիӰϮͨͣķѾԳܣϾիӰϮԽԽǿ
ˣֻܹʼٶжǼ֮ڽ似ȸ֮˳Ȼ֮
ȸ֮˻ΪһӰٶȼ֮ǰױʱ޼ˣ
ʩչȸ˲աӰͻϮٶȣת˲ǧɣֱ


531 ֮ĸ
ʱ䣬ֻһ˵õ
սĵһĦի죬ͬԸͨ˲̶ʱĽ൱Ħիſһĳɹ
Ħիúܲ
޴ѡʱ䣬ʱ쵽ˡ֮ǰһɣǺڡ
Ħի쿴һۣЦ˵꣬һ̧֣Χȫ˻ȥ
һ̣ʩչĻӰɱֱӺĦիϣ
ţ
üͷ΢壬ĦիǺڰӰȻֱӺ飬Ϊһ׹⣬ͳξ磡
һ̣һŨɱ⣬Ħիɢܵϣա
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ͬʱһͨޣѾԱ֤սʤԣҪ˽ļսС
ļս޿ڶʮ޿濡֮⣬пܻļսˣҲôĸ˶ˡ


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ڣһͨ켶ƷսʹõĻȴ໥ˣΪѾǵӡǡ
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Ҫ֪ҪǴӡǵĻ켶Ʒսļֵ»ȲһؼƷսϾ޷ϣҲǮ
ֱӽǳӽеĴռУȻһɻصԡ
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ˣͨСƽѩֻܸɵˣĶĽ


536 ۻ
ɢȥ֮濤濣һ·صڵס
סƽڵԺҲԶܿƬɽˮͥԺ
Χһۣطӳ㣬ƺΧԲɷΧȫۼһƬش
ĵطٶȱȻ࣡
ȻôĽһ㣬濱Ͼ޿Ůס֮ЩҲġ
֪ҹʲôҪԸ
ۿ߽ȥͣûиϡ
ԸûʲôⶫȴҪġþ
仰ǽεκܿڳлһö͸״ˮԼĴָС͸һǿϢ
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537 þ
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ಮɫص˵ԣĴָСⱦ꣬кܶʦԹӽս֮Сⱦ꣬ȻԽԽãǴܹƳսôƳľ켶սܱΪƴļսĲϣ
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óһҲ̫鷳ˣҿмҪҪȥƬ̡
һЦ˵һתʩչģϻĹӰɱ۷ֶΣŷ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
пܴڵ׷Ź
֮ԲڽҩսóҪȥ׷ɱУֱӼ
濿תȥ¶һĨЦ⣬֪Ը񲻿ô򵥾ͽвĵ˸ߵġ

ȥΣɽͷ׷ȥúзűġ
ܿ죬ܽһƬï֮Уȫûзκζڳ¶ںη
ʮ֮ģЧһټϴļ似ĹӰɱɣЧԲĦի졣
ףȻֹһ㡭
ܽԣܿ㷢֣ǰȻ˲ֹһޣ֮⣬һˣȴҲġ£׿ɽ
ɽȣһսǶ׿ɽʱ׿ɽ˽پΪھҲپΪٶȫ
ڣ׿ɽֱסܵ˴С
λֵܣڴ˵ţԸԸǡ
׿ɽǰһӸµʵ
ǣ
зڼ׿ɽ߸ϵӣʱɫǵÿû˵ң
£бֱ̧۳ŵ׿ɽȻϮȥ
ССϳļһΪ޿ǿֽĲɣ
׿һЦһһԶ칳ӱ˳ֱɱУȻֱӽ۵ľŵ
ţһԶ칳սһһϮУ·ҪǶͬ׹Ȫһ㣬ȫüΪ䡣
ɫ䣬û뵽޿󣬼ĵһֱǿᣬȻܹһƿĽ
˵뿪ʹ½֮ǿߵȷܶ࣬ǰСӣȻͬΪپΪȴԱǿϲ١
ţ˵ЩʲôӼȴͻȻһ쬵ĸо
Ӷʱһգǿͷһȴһذĺ֮ɫ̽ؿڣûذǴֵġ
ΣͻȻ֣һɱ
ʲôˣ
׿ԭֻѹסУȻյ£ȴû뵽һͻ͵ϮֱӸɵˣ
ֻһӰȻؿڱ㱻̴飬·еȥ
ţǺӰȴֱʧ׿ȫ׽ԷΡ


543 
Ȼ֣һֱ㽫дɱûиκλᡣ
ţμأ״ֱ̬ӿ˲Զ׿졣
Ǽǵһǰ£ʱĶҲǳսӮ徽𵤣ƾ徽ͻƵ
ټ׿죬һﾹȻУȻܽŹ
һвҪնɱ
ţɱڣһֳУ׿йâ䲱һٸѣ
׿ȻپǿߣΪ߳أȴֲټ׽Ķ
Ҫɱ׾٣䲱ӱѣѪ㷴ӦҲѾˡ
پǿߣѲȴҲӰʵķӣд̽ţֱ׽ɱ
֮䣬پǿ߱㱻ɱڵΪˡ
ǽܹͻƵ컪ҪԸһͨĶ־͸ˣҲ֪ܽ赽ٴļս
ţʼк׿ʬдֻ˼ʱ㽫ʬ𼣣ûκ
µùһʱ䣬Żᷢ׿ʧˣȴԶ֪µ֣
ᳵ·ڳȫַ㻻һؾǿ߹¶޷
ϵսеĳ׿Ķ칳ȫߣЩսʱȻóˣֻлȥջʳĻóձңϾǶ칳켶սֵǮġ
ֻеĳֻǵؼƷսջʳ¾Ǯˡ

ҹ
ȥסͥԺܵԽǽӽҹΧԽŨ˶ˬ
ÿµʱ򶼻ᷢΪ޿濽һ»ܹ¹⾫ٽ
㻹ǵһ⣬»ء
ϣЦеĶ˵
ͥԺУȶҲЦЦҵǺҡ
һָɵĲ벻㵹ôϸģɱ˻ܰȫ°϶ҲκõϢ
濽ŵԺɱ˷Ż飬ȥȫ㶨ˡ
ɱУŻ²УϾûĵ㻹Сְɡ
ٴһЦ
ͨСƽǻĵͨİѻս൱ǿƣںдĹУûٳİѻսĿʹ
Ļ˫۱г˵ҲǣСӣʺϸɷŻֹ
˵̧ͷɫһ´֪ʱˣԼɣҳȥ䡣
š
ͷ˵
ͻƵʱ򣬵ǵȷϣһԿš
ߺͥԺеøŨδܹŨޱ̰
תգȡУΧ
ٶȱü죬ͺõҩЧһѰֻвһȴܹȫգ
»ȻҲӵһЧ
дرѾƬصԽԽǿ
ƽʱʱͻǿԼƬصϵӶܹøط
ؾ˵õĻطȻѾԽΣֱӵĵĲΡ
磬ɲѾӵͨؾսҪ磬ǵùԹԵ̤컪˵
ţ۵ԽԽŨˡ
컪˵һɹͻƣطֻһΡ
طڻѾôãʹҲֻþķؼǿķ̤ͨؾóĳЩǿ
ȫд̫׷׷ֵ챮һǿȱ֮ǰǿ
ˣ쾧򣬲Ѫ򣬾ȻҲʼԭֻ⾳ھȻֱشƣ
Щ˵ѾôãȻûл˵ʲôʱˡ
컪ͻƣ
ڵսѾԶ컪εͻҲ˳£ֻҪ㹻۱ܹˡ
ȫ⻪תȻһ̣ȻѾȫ̤컪
ƺҲǿ˼֣վֻǴؾĳ̶ȣĵĵϣõվࡣ
Ҫܹ̤뵽ͨؾĵĵϲŻһԾϣһΣֻϧڻ򡣡
ҪͻƵͨؾپبǰ
˽پʱ򣬱㾭˽٣˽٣˵ѣɵıͨˡ
پʱ޶Ҫ٣ܹɱ䣡
ôŨ˵ֱ̤پʼɵһ١
ţ޴ѡöļҩȡ˳ԥķһö
ļҩ̺żΪŨ»ͬⵤҩеֱá
ͨתܹȫգҩеȴֱܹգ
Ҫһͻ̤뵽پĲΣûôס
ܹˣָھ˵ĳԣѶȿ֪
ļҩҩȻͣ
˴ļҩоȫ·Ҫըһ㣬޶ȿʼЩȫ
ļҩͨؾǿ߷£ܹܵǿЧ˵ؾˡ
ʱ´ļҩȫʹܹסʹ࣬ǿнոɾ
Ҫǻ˸޷ʹֱ࣬ӱʹιȥӶ޷Щձ
Ҫ֪ڿɲֻдļҩ»۶Ĵ
Ҫһҹ֮䣬ӳ컪̤뵽پһؾ磬Լһ㣬Ǹġ
УбǰһﵽޣҪűʱб㿪ʼƽڵ΢յһЩ
ʼմڼΪʹ״̬״ֱ̬ӳһϡ
ֱԲ´£ͥԺУȻ׵֣Ȼ٣
Զæһϣڻȴ֮¶Ϊɫ
ɣ֮ǰΪⲻһϵʱ䣬Ȼˣ»ٶҲ̫Щ
һĺĸʤһ


544 
濲δ̳ǰΪ֪ͻƵĹؼʱ̣ٽ٣ֻҪֵܹסһһ̤پ
෴ǵֵסĻ´ҪͻƵپͱرˡ
׽ٽ⸽ȫעһ׷׺棬˭⸽٣
ǿٽٵķ򣬾Ȼ濾סͥԺʱһۣЩ벻ͨˡ
̤ͨؾôôڻٽ٣
ѵڿסɽٲɣ
˿ʼ²⣬˭ͥԺ֮жɽ٣ȴ²
в뵽᲻ȻȴֻΪͻƣҲͻƵ컪ôֱپ

˵ķӦȻû˼ȥ롣
׽ٽ£ֱ̧ȡС
ڣѾͨ飬ǵֵؾĹ⣬ϴԹаֵܵǿֵܹ
ȻҲؾްˣ˵һвûС
׺£ֱֱϣȴ޴ɢȫû⵽κƻ
ƺݣϵĺը·Ҫɱݵ̬ơ
ԶС濣ųȻֵ٣ЦһЦ
һʱ֮䵹ˣһսֵٺòˣؾǿߵĹֵֵܵȻڻ¡
پ벻ؾ磬ǳԤϡ
ЦѸȻҲʮο»һһĻøֵõġ
ʵҲˣ˵Ļ»Ч̤ܲ뵽컪һ
֣Ч˵ĺüͬϱܷӳЧơ
ǣ
Ȼ䣬濷еƺȻһƬɫȻһɫ磬ŰеȻϮ£
벻پȻˣ⣬Ҳĵڶ˰ɣ벻̤پнϮ벻
۾ʼϸ۲
뵱Ȼ츳ߣɹپʱ൱ѵģûٽ
پʱ򣬽٣һ٣ֵ̤پڶΡ٣پ֮г֣һһΣһζпܵġ
ҪͻƵͨؾٱȫУֻо٣ڵŻᷢʱ䣬ͨͨӡ
濵Ǵδ˵ǽµģڵϼʶˡ
֮Уɫ׵ҫգâҫĿ̫ڣ·ʣЩɫ罵£
ԹԲУûκζЩɫ磬ϣܹκˡ
٣ܹΡֱӽٶɹֻһͨˣ
ţ漴߶ٽµĵطֱȥ
ȥһĻòԶһεɴ۾е벻ͨҪ
ܿ²ˡȻٳҪƽƣ
ջʳʷϣǳֹһؾٵʱ򣬽Ƹֱӻģ˱ջʳĻʣ
ȻҪջʳĻ顭
ž⣬̧СԴĿתĶ
ֱƶˣҲʱнɫдһ춯صĺ¡֮漴ƬƾȻɢ˿
ƣ
֮ڣһ漴߶޾ľ֮Χƺ˳ȥ
֮ͨ󣬲ܹܹ֮۾ֵؾǿߵȫһûġ
߶ֱ֮ӽнɫƺɢɭȻľ֮Χȥܿ㽫ƬƸס
٣
оâ֣ɢȥĽɫм䣬Ȼһźɫƣڲ۳͡
ո̤پȻ˽٣ܹɹɹ֮бͨӣʸʼͨˡ
Ȼ٣ȴǺɫƣƬѸ۳͵ĺɫ룬һɫȻ죬Ƭضڱγ˺ɫ
ǡɫƣ٣
ʱΧ۲쵽ٽƵˣȫֻһˣ˶ס߷ϿգһƬɫƲϳͣһ͹ȫ
˶֪پٵ٣ǿǿ԰ɫֵģɫ٣ѶѾ൱ˣںɫ٣ǱΪ١˼˵ɫٵĻϲܹ
ʱ򣬾·濶Ϊ
ʼɸٿ϶ûʲôѶȣȴ벻Ȼɫٶˡ
ɹ֮޵֮бܹ۳öͨӣÿһöͨӣһͨ
дŵǣȴҲڴ֮ɫɹٵ׳̶ȣͨӵƷҲЩӰ죬Ҷɹɫ٣ͨӱȫǵڶΣһֱͨӱǵڶ
ɹɫ٣޿ûɵ׳٣һͨǵĲΣ
ͨļо죬Ϊ졢죬ÿһ̶ȣкܴһЩʱ䡣
ջʳĻʣɹ٣٣ջʳҲֻһ˶ɹ٣Ϊջʳ
Ҫ֪磬Ϊһʳû㹻ʵܿᱻ̲
ջʳȴʼ꣬ڵ۹Ƭ򣬶û˸Ҵ⡣
ڣ濱ǰ׼ɹ١
٣ҵĸоҵ
ţǳ˵ǡ
޿ؾǿߣˣûǰٵĽƸĸоΣա
Ȼ¶ɱӴȴҲԿٵǴﵽؾǿߵĳ̶ȡ
һܲܿס
ˡ
ǰһʱһ罵£Ȼ֮ϣ
ţʱһڷϣǾ
Ҳܵٵǿᣬֱӱ˾ֲֵĺɫ٣ûоĻᱻٸ顣
ڵ磬ܹξɫ٣²ֹΡ뽫ҲУ
Ȼʱס˵һ٣ȴΣС
֪Ȼǿᣬȴ̫ˣѰ޸켸ָٶȣʩչ
֮û취ֵؾǿ߲εĹƣ


545 ͨ
ǿķֶΣɣܹ۵ξֵɫٵϡ
֮⣬ûκΰ취ֵܹؾǿһĺɫ١
ԣԴУҪС
ǿĹֶΣУѾϹֻһˣٿУԶ̹Ƭɫƣ
ţֱӽд߶ͨռĵȥ֮⡣
ɫٵĿǾԲ뿪ģһ뿪ֻбɫٺɱ³
ԣҪ俪ɫƣֻԶ̲ٿȥˡ
ս壬п϶ܷǿֻƽʱһ룬Ҳֻܲ취һԡ
һ̣ڶɫ׽٣Ȼϡ
ĵڶպ۳ȫסɫ׵ĺûκˣ
ͬʱ߶뿪УܿǵɫףŸ߿еĺɫѸټɹȥ
ƣ
һȫϣгƬɫƴ˹ȥ
һ̣һӴ˺ɫ֮УΧһ֣Ȼȴܿһɫ׹ϣɫ׹ϣǺɫƵҪϡ
ֻҪɫ׹ϣƬɫƱɢ
Ȼ޷ƣ
һ̣ܵз·ƿȻǲɫ׹ϸֵסˡ
⻹ͷһбֵסɴ˿ɼκɫٵѶǶôǿᡣ
޿û˺һĺɫٰɡ
ţһ̣δæңֱһֵһɫ
ţ˫ۣʼȫ˼ͨС
֮ǰʱϹ˫Ѿ˺̵ϵȫ˼ͷ͸ĸܵеɶ
ϣһɭȻľ֮Ҫͻǲɫ׹ϣڲռǶеĻӡȫ
ӡξУϼȡģÿһӡܹǿһ
ڣЩӡȴһζ·ҪڵǶۣ뿪жһ
ⲢҪܣǡ
ܵеȻһϲδͷȥѹƣ˿ֱӴ߶нӡͷų
һ̣ܵеϳ̶ȷ·һ̶ȣ漴ǱͷųӡȻǺɫ׹ϺϮȥڴǲ׹ʱֱӱ˿
ÿһӡѿԴ޵ʵأԽǿϼȡĻӡƿԽǿ
Σʱֱ̣ѡӡȫǺӡ䡢ɲĦի죬˵ĻӡһȫȻ飬ƻ׵׺ǲɫ׹֮ϡ
ɲ˵ĻӡȴҲǲɫ׹Щɶ
ţǺӵĻӡѿֱӽǲɫ׹ϻ飬ĦիĻӡǿĻӡ˲ϮƬɫ֮С
ǣ
һ磬Ȼ£һȴ۵ĵĴξֵסˡ
һ̣ƬɫƱ㿪ʼɢٿУӡ֮жŨĺɫ֣·죬꼴һ㡣
ɹ𣿡
һȻ֮ܵпʼ仯
Ǻɫ֮Уһӿֳһǿֱ͸ĵ֮С
ʲô
ɫ΢䣬漴о߸Сɣ߸С㣬һʼһڵ㣬𽥱󣬺ܿ㻯Ϊ߿ӣΧŵ뿪ʼת
ͨӣ
üͷ΢壬ܵ߿̺ЩϲԼֱӶɹڻǳɹˡ
Ȼһ˲ϲȴһɻС
پ٣ѵȻ罵µģֻ˵ЩٶǴΪģ
͵ϵʱ򣬾̤پ֮ΪͣͲǰղ㹻ʼûн١츳ǿ֮ˣҪ͵٣Ҳǧѣ᲻ǧٵĽ٣
ţԽԽɻ
Ȼγɵôڵٱֵ߻֮Ϊʲôӽг֣뵽޵ĵУΪͨӣ
һеı󣬻᲻ʲôڲţ
ʣ˵뵽ΪǴСɳӹһϵĹԲỳɡ
ȴǲͬ꣬Ͳˣ飬ʼȻġ
Ĵ𰸣ȴܹҵõġ
һеһУ´ﵽؾһܹõٵͻؾ̤߲εС磬ҲԲյ㣡
͸žâǰǸֳʱǾŮӣݣԼ濸й˵
⣬֮⣬һƬأ
ֻҪŬԼʵһܹ⿪⡣
ҡҡͷЩ·޾ʣϰˣȻ벻ףҲҲ𰸣Ǳ߼ǰߣ
ֻһ·ôҲֲӣһ·ȥվܹõ𰸡
һ̣㽫Щȫ׵Ժ󣬿ʼоеͨ
߿ͨӣһƬ֮ɫƺ˵ͬǵ֮ǰ˵ͨƷɫɫǽɫ
ƷԽߵͨӣ֮ͨ󣬱ɱΪĻƷһߵ㡣
ɫͨӣô˵ҲȽɫǿһΰɣ
ţȴȷһ㡣
ۿкɫɢģʩչĹӰɱ۷ֶΣϢĴӰսڵͥԺС
ôɹ𣿡
濼һʱӭ¶Ϊкڴ顣
ţƬɫƣ˺ɫͨӣɫͨӣʲô֮ô
˵ͷֱʵ
ȻǺɫͨӡ
һ£޿濶ЩĽˣǿͨӣֻеֵס٣пɹͨʱǵεͨȵһͨǿʮ
ȻͨĲǿͨģɫͨӣһʼѰҪǿϺܶࡣջʳĻʣеͨӣڸ۹ʢѾá
ԭˡ
ԣ˵ͷ
ֻҪɫͨûʲôǾˣȻǿǾ͸ûˡ


546 
ͨ濵Ľ֪ͣɹ٣ջʳֻһ֮˳ֵ
ɹ֮޵֮н߿źɫͨӣͨɫͨͨһʼǵģٱȵһͨǿʮ
һϣȥúϢɡ
۾˵Ҫӭսɳ£а𣿱˵ȥҶʦսˣӦܹ赽Ķ֣ٶһͨļһ
һͨĶ֣ҶԸӦûʲôˡ
ЦЦڶͨӦҲûʲôģֻͨԸܻһЩ
ȻҲ֪ģаվͺã㡣
һ˵ţһߴӻȡһҩƿһöļҩȴģɢܹ֮㾭ȫָʩչ似֮ƣ͡
ɢ
ӹСƿüͷһЩ⣬ϾȻֵҩ
ξ֮Уһʩչκ似ƣ͵ʱ̣Ǳɫɱʱ
ʵʱʩչκ似ǻᵼ¾ƣͣӶڶʱڲʩչͬ似
Ͼÿһֲͬ似ʩչҪõľͬ
ɢҲ˵ܹڶʱֱʩչͬ似ؼʱ̣ܹ𵽷Ϊʤã
ǰһ
ҪӦ䣬ǵȻҪ׼ϾֻپΪδͨĶоõҩҲûܹ˵ʲôġ
Цŵͷ˵
ǵǣûбҪһǲⵤҩǰ޳ܵĲˡ
۾˵
Ϊ˱ˣ츳ԲĶӮˣڽ޵ʥصʱҲСУҪˡ
һ䡣
ס
˵ͷȻ԰־裬ǰ䣬⻹Ǻӡˣ¶ġ
ǲСһЩĻǲ֪ʲôʱ﷭˴˸ɵˡ
ɵ׿һ֮⣬ûڶ֪ˡ

뿪ͥԺ㳯ԼסͥԺȥ
濱ʾٵ飬ȥ޿˵޿˽й¶ȥ֡
ٳ֣°ɽȵ޶ˣҲڼʱ򣬾֪ˡ
Ϣй©ȥ»ܴ鷳ҪѺܴ޿᲻İ
Ϣ޿ΧĻǵǻãǴջʳȥ¾Ͳˡ
޿޿Ȼ㲻һ죬ҪֹһϢȥȴҲټ򵥲ˡ
ȡķȻֻһ;ˣƣ˭й©Ϣᱻ޿նɱգֻҪܽϢ꣬е˶ܹõһݽ
Ϊ˱ɹٵܣ޿ǲĲ٣һжΪ޿ˣ޿ս
޿ɲջʳʲôһͺ޿ûʲôϵˣʵڿϧ
صԼͥԺʱ򣬱иɫµӰͥԺſڣƺڵ
𰣿պˡ
ٻӰʱЦһЦµͥԺſڣǰ

ƺͦˣʱǰһǳдһֵˣȥ˿ס
ͻģסиܹڲأ̤پ
һ˵ţһգʱֵĸо
𰣬òΪ濷ʲôɣ
ţ֪ġ
ȴûжʲôֻǵιֻæȥһ°ڣξУǺһֵܼ㣬ԣҲǷ顭ȻҪ㲻ˣԼȥ
ڡ
ԣʱ۾
Ȼǵãξеʱ򣬼֮ʱǺһڵļһһġ
ǰںе˼Ӷ˵⣬װ뿪ȴͻȻ͵Ϯֱնɱ
˵ø磬ȵ
۾˵ͻ޴ѡеõĽòǰοڵõĽǰٵĽɲǰڵĹ͡
ţ
̧ͷһ۾Щɻӡ
˵޴ѡõĽҪȫ͸ǰڣûǸҪұȾȽңԶҪüܸϵ
ҡҡͷ˵ɣǴ޿ʥس֮ұȥһˣô
û⡣
ԣ¶Цݣ˵Ҫȥ޴ѡ͸ڣ飬Ⲣص㡣
ҪģʵǺЩʱ䣡
ֻҪӦһȥˣбˡ
תҪ뿪ȴڽסȵȣ𰣬սҴӦҪģԼպá
ӻó˴ļսת齣ݸ𰡣
Զ̽ѾʩչֶΣĨȥеİӡ൱һȫµսԷʹá
Ц˵
ӣһֽӹһԶ̽вδʲôϲ֮ɫ
ţл
˵ͷֲȥӡ
ȵȡ
ıӰΪƣ̲סֶ˵һ䣺ҺͿû
ţûµġ
ƺЦһȴδͷֻԸٶ߿ˡ
ӰʧΪɪĸо漴͵̬û̫顣
ȻóϲҪһ
Ƕ˵ȴֻǽ𰵱ѣȫûǷȥͬڵ
ȻԶԷȽϲ̣ȴõѡΪ֮·עǹ¶ģ
ԵĶ֣ԽԽǿǿߣʱܷ⣬ںһˣʱҲչ˲𰡣
ڣ˵תľܾ𰣬ĻȻʧĸо
δжã̤ԼͥԺס֮󣬱㿪ʼһĳɹ
ҪģȻͨˡ
֮ͨе֮ǰǿһֹһܹеĻӡ
걬ͨ
λ걬ɫƶ׺ƿɼ걬һеֲֽ׶ǿĹֶΣû֮һ
Ҫ걬ǰƼеڲǶۿռд޵Ļӡ
˸ӡǶۣһлҪȡ˵ĻӡУֻܹʼձ۷ս
ţɫ
ȡӡȻἳȡԼ˵Ļӡ˵ʱƺȡ˻ӡ֮󣬶ԶԷʲôӰ죬һʲô⣬ǾͲˡ


547 Ŀ
֮ͰĶӱˡ
һ죬ӵеƬͥԺ䳡ϣۼˣ׼ΧͰĶĶ
С濵˽˵̣ûоȫ޷ڣû㹻ݵλĻȫᱻɽͷ
һ磬һ·ǰ䳡
ڣǰһšܹʮ˵ӣҽԳ¹ȽеĶַˡ
Уÿ˶õʮ켶ҩԼһ켶ս
ҩս㹻֧Ǹ޿ʱˣڸĶҲȫ׼ãÿԼС
ڼ䣬һ£Ϊʲô¹Ĵ£ûиһ뿪͵
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Ӹյϳ֣Ἧм뵽ɽȻУΪɽȻһԱ
ڵĹ£ӦɽȻѧϰ
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ҲԶԶĳŲߺɽ˻֣Ȼתȥš˽һ²ߺɽ
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ӣǺ֮һЩ޺ޣ룬Ǻϴ޿ĴӣؾСӾȻǺϴ󣬼ֱѰ·
֮ǰǺԸǣû˭׼˵ȻһߣȴҲûж˵ʲôֻҪɱ˵
ֻϧȫЩĿ⡣
һ濴䡢ְɡһˣҲϯϣԳ˸к
һһӦܿԶһ¹Ӱ޳ƮĴӵ£䳡ƮȻ
ӰΪȻȻٶȴǼ죬ֻһ˲䳡Ͽգ
䳡̧ͷӰȴһɫȹŮӣϷ·ɢ¹⣬˿ΪĮ
Ȼٿ飬ȴдһĨЦ⣬һ·䳡ڵ
ʦ㣬ˡ
ߺɽȷӦһЦӭСܣ㻹ûɣҶʦ㣬޿Ķӣɴ
ɴ
һ֣ʱ۾̾ǰ֪йֵһУ
ɺͬĻôɴǵñֶδ϶˲Ѫ򣬴Ӷͨ޴ѡѡŮ
֮󣬻һͨؾһصʹ½ڲعԨʮ꣡
ƻһ켶սӡдأԭ֪ܼܲɴȴû뵽ɴȻ޿Ķӡ
͵ϳģ
ɴͷ΢΢һЦپΪ˴ҪʤѶȴǲСˡ
˵⻰ɴ䣬Ʈ˲ԶһλϣԵ˸롣
ɴѵ֪Ҫɳ˭
ɴĻ䳡˷׷˼ЩĲ²⡣
ɴǽĴļսˡ
΢̣š


548 Ķ
Դɽȣ⻹״μɴ
Լֵ̫ˣɴǰۿ϶ⳡĶɴصԵʡ
ΨһĿܣɴԼĴļս˰䣡
ְҶˡ
ʱһЦߴһƬڶһޱӰӻȻǳ¹ȵ
ϻشҴҼ棬ûôԷݣȴǿ˸ȴʮͷģһɫ£Ӣ˫ȴޱȵİرʱֳһĨм֮ɫ
ʹ޵ģϾǴͷǰǳ¹ȽиһƻӶǳʮձҵĶ
˵ǵõ۵ôⱦ꣬˵ʵôⱦļֵ϶ǱȲߵĵҩսġ
ȻԳݣŽʹޱֳãǱˣһ˼ƽϣݡ
һֻɨһۣ㽫ĿͶ˲Զ濡
ϴκ濶ս󣬵õ˲Ȼ濵һأȴ㹻ʸĶ֣
ڳĲмδʲôӦ
زƽ޹ʵģҪӮأͱֳԼʵֱԽˡ
ʱٻͷЩ˶ԼмǼΪЦġ
ҲˣôġѲɣҲս˰䣿
ţ²ܡ
Ҹսˡ
ȻһȻֱӴһ
һȴĦի۵ӰȻϢĳԣͨɫֻܼ΢΢Ĵǡ
ս
ĦիĻЩɻ
ҽһļսǰ䡭ʵսʤս͸ˡ
ĦիЦ˵꣬΢΢һȻʧˣײӰ
޿һĦի죬Ӱȥ٣ֻ˵仰ʧΧսȴһĻ
Ħի졣
̨ϣһĨζɫ˵Ϊ޿һŵĦի죬һֱͷϰ
ãԼһҪĦիֳʤģȻڣһҲԶˡ
ûкĦիսŷĦիͻȻͻȻʧַĦիʵ˺ǿʶ
ڣĦիĻĦիٷ֮ٿѹס
֮һֱĿɴʱҲ˫ۣͬǺӡߺɽ濵ˣ׷׽ĿͶԡ
ղĦիͻȻʧǵȻȫע⵽ˡ
ڱΪ޿һŵĦի죬˶޷ӣҪĦիڳʲô飬ô˵䳡ûκֹܹˡ
ǣ޿ԽٲƵסĦի죡
˵˼ȫĦիϡ
ȴޱȣĦի죬Ǹɶ¶ãƫҪѴļս䣿
ӣпɳͨǿս
ͨǿߣԸѶȾǼˡ
֮ǰ죬ͶͨͨСƽȫд˺üΣȴֶƽͨİѻսûκΰ취
ƾٶȶ㿪֮⣬ԵֵסǻսնҪĻİѻսγɷϣް취
ǺͶͨƽԿΪѣ˵ͨǿˣ
о֮Ϊɱﵣһսһܹʤ
ţ̧ͷߣڼһȺ¸Ϲ
һ꣬ڰ󣬴һߣԸʲôƺǴ˴ĶĶ֡
Ȼͨ
˫΢΢һУﷴ˿ʯͷʵϣҪǰɳĵͨǿսһܹӦ
ͨĻһսϣġ
䳡Χ˸ָĿ⣬ͦŸʵţ൱⡣
ĿĳǾеģ˵ǵһΣҲһ˰ɣ
û뵽㾹Ȼе
ڷͷӸµ˵
ɱӮսĻᣬҵȻ
һЦɷ˻ȥ
ɱԼĻᣬͷʢСӣȻ
ߣ۵ȻЦһᣬʮ̺꣬ŶŨŨĲм
ҵĶ֣ɣ
תУʵ

оӸµĻش𣺡ҵ֣ѫ㽫ҵ
ͨĸ֣ʵǲġ
۾Ҫ֣ȴҪóļսΪսܣļս㶼ҵġ
ǹأ֮ǰѾ˵ˡ
䵱ȻҲǣЦһСӣ㿴ˣ
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ʱ˿̣ļսλţƺҪصԼߣͷȴǱ˸ѹסˡ
ڳ˶˳һļսֻɴģ޿ĶӹȻͬϣս˰䣡
һսһԷ֣˺Ȼǳ¹ⳡĶҲ൱ġ
ֲۿⳡĶ
΢̣ǼļսȴΪƣֻһźĽ̿ĶϢɭһּΪֲĸо
ʣĦիĴļսˣһԻսѵôȷսܹʤ
Ҫ֪ڲپΪȴѾͨУѫ
ڰµϣ֮ǰ֪ѫԷȴҲɺӡ
ȻͨĻѫ˵ǱȽϺöԸļһˡ
ǿУԼꡢ걬ֶΣпƿģҪǶԷ̫ǿĻóҪȻɡ
ˡ
Ȼ䣬Ʋ˵ȻǶĶôҪй֤ˣǽĶս֤ˣűʾƽΣ
⻰һ˫΢С
Ķս֤ˣҲ˵Ҫûκ·
ƫƫҪ󣬼Ϊûκɾܾ
û⡣
Цһ𰸳Ԥϵˬ죬ð΢΢һ㶡
仹ΪҪҪһȡԼأȴû뵽ôˬͬˡ


549 
ȡûŴֱӽһԵ濡
޿û޿ڣߵﶼʸΪסߺ͹֤ߣʱļļս˶ķڷ
û˹ԼСġ
濽ӹ͸¶һĨǣȻ濲֪֮⣬ʲôɱԸͨǿߡ
ţġ
ɵ˵
ĲûʲôôȻ̫ˡ
óȻҪʲôΣգ濿ǻ־ɲ鷢
תȥѾվ䳡Уѫ
Կʼ𣬿
ѫЦһɵһ䡣
ⳡĶھͿʼɡ
濿ѫһֱۣ˵˵
⻰ֻ֮ѫȫɢһǿѹͨؾǿߣⳡųʱ䣬ɨأ
£ѫȫһȫĵ۳ΪһֱۣڴȻ
ֻ۷·ͳѫϣʮɳĸֱۣԵüΪۡ
ѫͷ·һɫС㣬ȫۣ
ͨۡ
ѫĶһʵͨǿߣ˵ӦǼΪŲŶԣڵȴ
Ӱȡӡ
ھ֮תٶȼѸѫɢĹâֱӽѫϵһ˿ӡǼȡ˳
еڲǶУֶһӡѫĻӡеƻǿ˽ɡ
Ȼһѫֱͨ䳡룬һ̳ȴûܹƻ䳡ĵ档
Ҫ֪䳡޿ԼǿĲϽɣȻͨļһܹƻġ
ȴǿҪеĻµᱻҳࡣ
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ջʳһţѰؾǿߣ޿аЩ֮ǰͬһ㣡
ͬΪؾ⾳Ҳв֣֮֮ʵҲؾǿ߳ôģΨһĽͱǣɹٵ֮ʣʵԶѰޡ
ڣǺӵȻ֪֮ǰ˭ɹġ
Ȼ޿Ҫȫܣ͸¶޿֮⣬ǺӵõϢȴѡ
ʱûڸҲӰõϢ
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Ǻ΢̣ӢģһԲŮΪ֮
濪ˡ
ߺɽһԳųоƣоΪ˼顣
پСӶԿͨǿߣսǺܹر֮ͥµĹƽս
ߺɽģ൱ǵģͳð䡢ǺӳԱı֣Ҳֵòߺɽˡ
¹һԣһʳƣһ߹۲ųսϴгЦݣƺⳡսȫ޹һ
ʵϣĴļս֣ȴ˶עʤǷֱҪС
ֻǣһܶԸԷѫ
ܵ죡
ѫ۾ۣһԭλãȴѾһ󣬲ɺٺһЦУô㣡
һ̣ѫ۵ľۣ˲ƣӹǿԶķ򶼷׷赲סˡ
ҪͬͨؾǿߣܹǿƿЩǾ۵Ļ
Ȼƾ磬ǿƿЩ
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ϾϣȻֶκܶ࣬վֻܱ
ѫЦһ޴ľۼһӰȥûнӰϣ㽫Ӱ˷顣
ĻĹŲӰӵͬ˾İĵһأԾۺȴȻûκεֿ
ǻĹŲӰ֮ǰһʵĺȴǸֳ˾Χʼ̺֮ĸ
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ͨǿߣʩչһͨڲپܹƵĿġ
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ѫĸʮ֮һɼ䲢ûеõĿӡ
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οѫľͨѾ˵ľ磬Ȼδͻƽ뵽ĲΣȴҲֵܹġ
ھԵβǰʩչֻϱڣǻȪϱڣֻǴ߶һѫ¡ķսֵܵסԷľۡ
ֻ֮
ʣµһĹŲӰгֻ֮žֱն˹ȥ
նҵֱۣ̫ˣ
ѫ״ȫû˺󣬷ЦŻӭȥȻһǻĹŲӰұڵء
ֻ֮ž۵ıԵ΢ͻһ£ȻվãĹŲӰ۸ҵûҷ֧顣
УһֻʣǹӰ
һĻΧ֮˸ŲͬķӦ䡢ɴˣʤȯգұȸտʼʱаˡ
濡ߺɽˣ䡢ְɡһ濵£ԼšЩ͵ϵѣһޱȽ
У̫ˣȥֱɡ
վϹż䲻ˬɫҲ̫۸ˣȻɳͨսⲻ˱ʤ𣿡
ӲҪż
һԵķƷȴǳ侲ĿųУסվţ϶а취ģʲô
ʶڣǷ׻Ҳһ
һҲʼȰ˵ȴҲ¶ޱȵĵǣپͨǿߣа취ʤ
˵ǵʱǾһλڴٶȥһ̱Ȼȥ
һ̣˶Ǿƺͷص䳡ϣ


550 ֽ
Ǿ䳡ϵʱ򣬹սȫ
ƾپΪ۾Уֻ·һɣңΪûж
СӣǷֿ𣿡
״վ۾뵽ˣôⳡĶӮˣһĸ󻼣õһļս
ܾеƺʲô⼴Ҫһ
ӵйҲֻǰκϵʱ򣬲ָоڣֳĸо
ѫСһ㣬û
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ѫϣһɢеţСţپȻ͸磬ڸҾУѾ࡭
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ΣͻȻѫ֣·һ㣬ֳгѫȥ
ɱ
ŭųɭĹâֱӴѫϣ
ԭţĹŲӰĸı壬ʩչĹӰɱֶΣ䳡гȥΡ
ȵѫ£ɾʱȻѫж䷢͵Ϯɱ
͵Ϯ
ѫڵһʱܵһϮ磬ʱɫ΢䣬Ѹٴ߶ȫ۸ĵں󱳷һּס
ּͨףѫĵڶͨǷǿֶΣǸֵ׼ʱ䣬Ծּ׽ȫסǱǸֽǣγȫûǵķ㡣
͵Ϯ̫죬ֻü۾ּףʱֵһ͵Ϯ
͵Ϯּףô˵Ҳǵڶ쾳ͨپСӣΪƾһսͻּף
ѫԼľּ׼ģʵҲˡ
дǰ͸ľּϣ̱һ𵴲ƣּױӿȥ
еƻӹɣȻʱ˿̣ȴֻھּǳǳĺۼ
һּ׵ǿȣͷųеĻ걬ֶΣһѫĻӡҲ޷ּƿ
ʱ䣬ȴѾˡ
ѵֻóǸֶΡ
뵽˾֮飬Ҫͷų֮飬ܹѫһʱ䡣
ڣֻһʱ䣬㹻Ƶּ׷ĵطֱн˴˵
Ȼ֮ȴǿֶΣҲصֶΣȻ͵ϲ˵ˣ޿Ȼɱﵡ
ڱ¶ˣ´ζԸ˿϶׼һɾˡ
У취
վûͷž֮飬ʱһת˲ˡ
ˣ
ѫֻ裬¿һżΪӣϧûܹ
޴ľһγһǿĿ·Ҫ˺ɷ飡
Χս֮˼̲סΪ˰Ѻ
Ĳѫˣ˿Ƕ֪ǿֶαеĶսڣǶսȴ޷ƿּ׵ķ
һѫ㳹ڲ֮أֻҪʩչּ׵ֶͨΣֱѹ顣

սУĵĪȺеˣͶ൱Уڵʱһʯңõ̫챮ʼ֮Щˡ
˵ڱֱȹһΣΪԵл뿪ʹ½⾫ʷ׳ʵĴ磬硣
𰲢ֻг羴иģѾĽռ
Ҫǰʲô⣬ԼЩܲˣȻȴʼѡʵ
УҼ꣡
״һڵȸֳ˻Ϊȸ֮Ӱʩչȸ˲գڵһʱ˵䳡ıԵ
ֳУֱӴ߶еļֶΣսϯ޵Ļӡȡ˹еǶۿռС
˸Ƕۿռ䣬һȫֻϧ޵Ļӡرǿ󣬼һҲֻе
ȻҪǵĻӡģ걬ģ
ʲô
֪Һʲôûоȴʲôս
ȡ˻ӡˣһ֪ЩԾȴ˿ܲ
ȴûȥ˵ı飬ֳб³ѫɱȥ

ѫ״˲䳡ϣȻؼʱ̱ܿȴҲɵԶһڻˡ
ģ
߶ʮ֮ģסҪѪĳ嶯ֳУֱѫԴ˹ȥ
ѫ֮䣬ڻŰɾ룬ȻʩչӰȸ˲գһȸʱɱת˲ͻƵľ룡
·ǸܵҪ͵ϮͷѫѸٴ߶ڸĵΧ۳˾ּףһ͸ϳΧȫλǵػС
걬ƣ
ֳУɱ˲ѫǰиոİ˸ӡ
걬ֶʩչΧʱɭȻϢ֣漴һ޷ɵĿֲһӱǲּ֮ϡ
СӣҾּ׿ǵڶܱͨ
ѫ˵ţȻ˵ȴΪľּףȻǱƳǿ׻
˵û̱ƿּȴվǱˣһ걬ʣֱӴ͸˾ּףѫͷ
ãֽǣ
ѫܵ걬ǿʱɫ䣬һʱʩչԼֽ̤֮ͨͨǣ
һͨ򣬲ѣҲҪʲôʹܴ࣬ﵽ似Ч
ֽǣȫΪԸĵתһӲȼǿǸĵԴȪҪɱͻƾּ׸ѣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
˴κ䱬֮ڳǽһּ׳׺飬һĻ㽫Χս֮𾪵
ţʣͻƾּףֱѫͷϣۿűҪѫ˱ɷ顣
ȻʱѫȴΪ˸ֽǣӲĵֵסǰ˴λ걬ĳ
ʱ˿̣ѾֳУ˺ԶǾɢɼĻ걬ֶΣѫشģЩΪˡ
ֻǿϧûܽɵ
ɫӽסеС
걬ûܸɵѫһķǳȺȥսͱü䲻ˡ


551 ֶ
ͨؾǿߣؾޣиƣǱָٶǼġ
ڽʩչǿ似ʹеĸֶΣĵĶĵѾܴˡ
ҪǣЩĵû취õ䣡
ĵҩУҺܳ϶в٣ĵĵҩȴǴļƷĵҩϻûС
ѫȴͨǿߣȻĵҲ٣ָٶȴʮ
ֻҪһĹ򣬿±ָﵽܹ۳۵ĳ̶ȣʱɾΣˡ
ֻܳٳͻ磬ǿսϳ̶ˡȻͨ鶼ǲŲǰ飬Ҫͻƣ̫Щ
ۿԶѫӻ걬дҲϻָвϼţűξĦիƴãܹҸһ򵽻
Ȼˡұ㽫һдͷβȴһ飡
żᶨɫڵֻܹʩչһűˡ
ļ似ȻǿᣬȴҲˡ
һűʩչʣµҪĴˡ
ͨǿսʩչκֶΣõģûãĻܶѫκв
Ĳ٣ġġģǸģսģֻģ
طǸÿˡ
طԸͨؾˣ⼸ǸЦ絽ؾΣûʲô˻ͷųһ
ÿһ磬иǿսʽ
ͨؾǿսطȫˣ쾧Ҳһ
ȫʩչģ磬Ȼȫõġ
ȥűܹʩչֶΣ
űȻܹ֮ʩչ͵߱ձ鱬ȻеȻ޷Ⱥѫ
ҪԸֻгһܷ򵽻
иֳȻ֮ɫһ൱ǽԼƵ˾·ϡ
һ꣬ôͷų˾֮飬ѫסһʱ䣬Ҳûκֶܹɱѫˡ
ԣɹֻ
ѶͲκԥȻȻʩչűĵһˣ
һѾΪֽǵѫ·һ˶ɿȥȻһ䳡ϡ
е·һӰ֣似ʩչһĺ
ڶ
֮Ȼߴ֮Уȴֻһɱġ
ǣǺǡҵľּףҳСˣڵ㣬ǭ¿ΪССֶαܻ𣿡
ѫ˻ΪһУɭ԰Цоȭһ۳Ȼһ㽫һĺֵסˡ
𱬣
˴ʱȴǱ˫ֳۣӰһŭ
Ȼѫʱ඼Ѿתű𱬣Ҳû취κӰ졣
ıѩ
һʩչ֮ʼڶͬʱɫѩһӱ䳡Χ
һվѫѩжܵһ˿ѹȫ壬ȴΧĺɫѩȫɿȥ
ƾѹסѫҲ̫ЩҲֻôһСϣ
ѫѾվɿЩɫѩȫֵסѩӰ졣
漴Ц˳۳εľۣڴٶȺȻ¡
屬
Ȼ˫ۣǾ޴ľ۳Լ·磬ǿϺ۱áꡱ졣
һȻһ̣ѫĸ࣬ƺЩܲסʼ
ԽԽƵҲԽԽ죬ȻѫӲֹס˾º
ƣ
ѫһȫıɢڲŽӰȻʱȴѾʧȥɱûᡣ
Ǿûκεֵ֮Ȼȴѫûô
Ϊһȥֵһ̣ǻΪ±ᱻ
ɱѫҲòֵ
ձ
߱鱬
˫ȭ֮ϣ۳֮ӰֱѫڴХȥ·䳡ϷĿռ䶼˶
֮䳡Χ˵飬һ١
˭֪ѫⳡսѾҪβ˭ܹʤϱҪˣ
֮ǰº˾ѫʤ㣬ʩչеĻ걬ֶΣȻѫľּ׶ˣ˿һЩϣ
ʱ˿̣ˣ䡢ɴһվһüͷȻʲô
ҪӮˣ˵ǵĴļսҪ
ԭɴͳһؾСӣпܻѫϾҪԸѫҪѲء
ȻڵսƺлѫĿܣ
濺£䡢һְɵˣҲԽŵĿųУжףȻǰһ̣ʵϣѾ;ĩ·
ĸɾʲôֶԸѫ

УȴרעԼű
ű似Ȼ֮ƣҪʩչűøǿԵġ
طű
ڵȻǿҲűΪϵģһдļ似
߱߶г׳죬ǿѫһ̾ȻҲֻܲȡƣԸĵֵĿ
ҪĻеƻ»ĸֽǶܲĴˡ
ԸһؾСӣҪˣȥʱ䣿
ѫ˵ȫǲɽܵ飬ԣǾסԼֻҪַأȵľʱ⴦ˡ
ѫǿޣȱıģΪǺܶʱҪǿķȥĶֵ
Ȼѫȴ֪뷨ȴɱᡣ
űӰġļ似ھ֮˵¾ͷ·Ǻ˼ˣҪһеվ磬ȱҪԼΪһͷ֮
һĨİâһ̣ȫȻ仯


552 
ԣҪΪ֣ϵıǰӰԺԡ
ȻģƷĶҪ߼׻ǰӰԵ޷Ե
ѫأɷӵʱűһдļ似ͻƣ˻ֶΣ
űڰ˱
ɱȻĵѫʱѫһж
һУԸԽа֮˾ԽЧܹ֮ڵĶǾ񹥻ֶΣ
ѫ˱·ԭأܹ͸߼ı飬ܹ֪ѫ˶ǼΪʹġ
ж̰бȵȣһ̱ǰδе˼ȵʹ࣬ʹ࣬Զϵʹ࣬ѫҪֱˡ
Ȼѫȴ֪һս䣡
ҪˣԼ˵ǸĴ½һ;ȫһζĶӰ֮£ǻðļս
һ֪ԲŹԣѫ֪ԼҲܹͷ䡣
ۣɱ
ѫȫĵӿֳγһ磬ڵĵطӿ
ֻϧѫҪѾˡ
жѫ˵Ӱ쵽Ǵ߶۵ٶȣȫʢ״̬һ벻ֹ
ûȾҵͷѾʩչűһھűȪ
ȫʣµӿֳһɫɫ򣬱۶ɵȪ硣
ȪУĶǣֻҪͷųһܹЩǣƻ±еĻ걬ҪǿἸ֣
һеĺɫȴɫȪУȻŲϤ˵Ļǡ
ѵȪУĻǶɱˣֻˣֻʱֻһԣܹǵĻѼȪ
֣ȪлǶˣոɱС׿ˣҲǰնɱڵӣڡľҦܵһϵмǵ
ȪУǧ޻ǣֻһСնɱ֮ˣˣȫһֱȥޡ
ر͵ϣֵʱࡣ
Ȼˡұ
еĺɫ򣬳ѫ˹ȥͬʱԼٶȷ˿ս֮ǰ͸Լĵҩɢ
ʩչһȸΨзɢܹٴʩչһ似ֵѫĹ
һ̣ɫȪ羶ֱѫߵǰ䱬ľҲصͷϡ
ȻȴһɲǱ˰͸ȥһռ䣬ۺȻϴ͸䳡ϣȴûܶκ˺
۵ĺɫȪ磬ȴѫǰȻѿԹ껯Ϊѫ
һУĴļ似űǿʽһĵһʩչȪǧ޻ǣһȫըΪˡ
кڰϢڷɣѫͬľ˲û䳡ķΧùս֮˶峡зʲô
䡢ɴȻУһüͷ
˲ܸߣҶսҲΪḻ֪൱Ȼо˸ոδУѫȴǿֲһиˡ
˵ѫһֱԼǿķƣһбƵȴ䶼оһ˿Σյģ
䶼оΣգ֪һежǿ
ѫоԵİյֵ
кɫ̳ɢȥĵƽϢ˶Ŀ⳯ųнȥ
ǼȻվڳУΪֽǵѫȴѪ֮УǻֽǣȻûֵܵסһУ
вȫܵղһеһڿһ
پСӣȻͨǿߣⱲˣ
һʼ󣬶һֱǴƣѫľѹŴ򣬵˭뵽ѫȻһӽˣ
죬ѫ
ʱ˿̣˭֪ʩչʲô似ѰĴļ似Ҳûɣ
Ĵļ似ҲԽ˴Ĳ࣬ͨѫɱġ
ѵǲֻǴļ似Ǹ߼似
ôܣջʳֻһϹż似֮СôѧϹż似
ղһУ϶Ĵļ似˺ǿ϶õӰĿӡ
ˣСӻӵϹżսҪȻҲܺѫôʱ䡣
ӽˣǳ׶棬ɳͨǿߣȻһؾСӣ
Χ۵һ֣ĶĵǣҲ׷ױɫ
رǰ䣬ۿѫϢĵѪ֮У欵ˣѫսܣʹĶˡ
ˣҪۣļս˹С
ĽðЩţôܣͨѫȻĶ֣СӾʲô̥
˲ҪϵҲؼǣļս˽ģ
ѫ£һʱܵһԵɴͳԽĿⶼͶϡ
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ȻĶӮˣ濶Ȼǲܽսģ
һʱ֮䣬˶ʱˣĽɲκܹܵġ
ûȷѫķҰǺģȻѪ٣Ҳܹ֤Ѿˡ
ӲͷƤ˵һ䣬Ȼ䳡Уһۣѫָƺһ¡
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ȫʢ״̬µѫڵ״̬϶ȡʤڣҪʩչģܹѫɱˡ

ѫָͷһµʱ̱ʩչģһδ䳡ȥ
ѫվ
վ䳡ϣźһ
һһ䳡ϣѪеѫȻվ߶ˣ¶һűѪȾ


553 ҶԾ
ѫ˫ȫѪȾ죬Ȼ߶ˣӱѪڣûܹʲô
˫ۣһΧȴȫûӰ֪һʱ߶ڵĸ׼Ϊּס
ȻˣѫĻָ൱죬οûнȫĵʱ˿̣۾ּ׻൱׵ġ
û۳ȫ׵ľּףα㶸Ȼֳ֣У׼ѫֱȥ
ꡭ걬
һֱ̣Ӵ߶еļЧһμȡѫĻӡֱӽл걬
Ȼȴ֣ڶμȡѫĻӡ󣬶ڽл걬֮Ҳûʲô̫ǿƻ
ڶʱͬһЧǿ
ţˣл걬ѿһȻѫϡ
ѫǧһ֮ʽּ۳Ҳ󵹷ɳȥ
űĻֶ֮ѫսѾԭʮ֮һɶԷ֮һʧһֳ̱ѫ
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егѫֱ£һ̱󱳣ķ˲дݵڣʼʴȫ
ԭֱɱѫģȻѫķʵ̫ǿˣͷȻ۸ĵֱ
һûнѫɱһʱ䳯ź󷽼˿ȥһգۼɳϰɵľ롣
ҲʱѫץסᣬһĨ׺ɫȻһţڵ䳡·ðһ̣׵ĳɱ
ⲻֻͨǵؼĺͨ似Ըĵ߶
̷Ӧ˹֪ѫʱʧȥ˺ܴһսϾͨʩչһ飬ʱ޷ٴʩչġ
۾ּףҲֻ鼱֮ǿʩΪЧãһ൱СĻ걬ˡ
ʱ˿̣ѫֻ似Կ
Ȼĺͨ似ҲֻеһˣҪʩչ似ĻʩչҪɱûʲôܡ
ģֻϱڣ
о·һͻϮ΢̣һֱ̧㽫ʵĺĸͷųԼǰ۳һڵֻϱڡ
ѫĵؼͨ似Ȼѡֵ
һĻΧսһξ
˲ɣô˵Ҳǵؼĺͨ似һͨʩչģΪƾһؾļһֵܹɣ
֮ǰһֱڶûӭսȻڣȴֵѫ似ɼʮġ
ҲôģҪʮ㣬û˻顣
ͬ˲²һ˫طֶΣֱӱ㽫ѫʩչǵ̸ֵסˡ
ʵĺģֱ˵̵ĳҷȥԭеܹ˵̰˳ɵ
ţ˰˳ɵĵֻϱϣ㱻ֻϱڳ׵סˣֻϱڻеһֱѫȥ
ѫֻоһ̴ԼͻܳʤãⷴĵǺǿѫһ㿪ȥ
Ѿˡ
֮ܵѫڲŰѸɢڲԶ˵
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ѫȴǲа˵һؾСӣǾԲᷢеġ
˵ľʵ˳Ц
οҪսʧܣ䡢ɴͳǣôܷŹ
顭ҳ
ѫ˫бŭɱ⣬һڽԼͷ˳һȻ
ȻȴҲʾѫûʲôǿֶˡ
Ȼ鶼óˣɼѫѾǭ¿ĵزҪȻ鶼ͷųսġ
Ҫ֪ڴ˵һ̤ؾͳ˿п޵ĶˣھУҪȻٻͷų
ΪҪֶζ޷Ķ֣ǷųҲ޼µġ
ǡҲУһֹһ
״ǰһһؼսֻӻȡϡ
սֻ֮ǰħɽʱɱĳõսܹ֮ǿ
ѫ飬Ҳֻǵ챮ɣ̫൱
ڣ̫֮֮ȫͷųศɣǿŶԷǵؼսֻǿûȲѫ顣
ֻһ̣ɱɳͬ¹һ䳡ѫϮȥ
Щɱ⣬̫۶ɣǵؼսֻǿ൱ɹ۵ġ
رǶڵѫ˵Ѿķ췭ظҪֵЩɱ⣬üΪѡ
飬ϣ
ѫ˫ͨ죬˲ھ֮ʴˣ߶㳯ɱӭȥ
Χ˾ĿУͬεĽȴȫһ浹״̬ɱ⣬龹Ȼûֵܹһʱ䣬㱻׻˺飬ϵܵѫһһѪ
ţʣµɱ׷״̽ѫ壬ȻѫĵûֱܹӽȴҲЩɱ̵øء
ѫȪˣ漴֮ʴɱ鼰ȫ˷·˸һ˵òˡ
ȻѫȴҪɱǿд߶ڵĸģҪ۾ۣɱ
Ȼһ׼߶ģ˶ھ֮ѹƣһ̣Щ֮ʱ籡ȫʴ˷顣

ѫľû۳ȴѾϾŶľصĵ䳡ϡ
ҵһĻΧս޵顣
Ѫȵĳ棬ǲûмǰһͨǿߣȻһؾСŰɱģȴǵһμǰû˵붼ȥġ
ڣĳȴǰ
ǰ֮ѫʬ壬йžϲޱ
ѡĻûҪɱѫϾѫԩ޳𣬵ԷȴŰ䣬μ˶ĶĿȻҪ
ⳡĶһʼҪôѫҪôûκ֡
ȻӿԼ
ɶ񡭡
Զ䰵һѫͬʱսԼɳٶȣȴǲһ־塣
Ǿ塣
Ϊ޿ĵӣþûйĸоˣڼȻĵѫɱʱȴһֲ
Ȼ֪ڵϳܹɽնɱȴ϶ֹ޷һ㡣
ֹʵͻͽ
ڣսʤӮļսʵֽ츲صı仯


554 Ը
սϯϵĲߺɽڼѫϾصʱ򣬶ʱվЦŻһ
ģСӣ
ߺɽӿʼʱ򣬾һֱڵֱڼɱѫ˿
˵ʵߺɽû뵽ⳡսĽȺͨǿߣѫȻ
ҲΪԲŻôΧⳡս
Ͼ޿漣Ѿˡ
СӣǱˡ
ЦһЦˣһ̣еλãѾ̧ߵĦիĳ̶ȥ
Ҫ֪ƾپΪսʤͨǿߣĦի춼ģ
˵ˣֻҪᳬԽˣ
ǳϰĽҲ˶ˡ
ְҡͷԵЦ˵һͨǶԽһʱ֮ڻᷢԤ㣬ȻԤ㲢Ƿǳ׼ȷȴҲܿ
ⳡĶʼ֮ǰְɾ͸һ㣬ղʲôΣա
ȻˣôӮˣҪôˡҪ䣬ĿԼ͡
Ǹ㣬ɶʱȢţ
һ˼ְһ£Ȥ˵
ϴ磬䲻ǿߣҪȢţַӾгɰǧӿˣ
СƽٺһЦ˵˽һЦ
Ķʤ˵飬Ա˲١
ȺУѩŮվںͷ˽䳡ϵдһĨ΢ЦСô
ѩ˫츳ܸߣɲϵģҾǿһѾͷɲˡ
ˣ
ԣ϶ʱЩŹ֮ɫ
ѽϴʱ㲻Ҳ𣿡
ѩЦһڿͥԺжɹ٣ɼǳӡңǿվҲҪ˵İɣϿģ޿¶Ҳͦʵġ
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ԣҲЦһ
Ųأ˵ѵʵ
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Ůںͷ˽Ȼȴ֪˵Ļȫ濸ȥ
˵ѩ˵Щ񣬵˵ѩǴСͺһ𳤴ĽãһЦ
ֻѩ˵Ļȴһ̲ס䳡ϵ࿴ۡ
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սϯϣһϮȹɴվдżΪɫļսͻȴǲܸ㡣˵ɣҪʲô
⻰һԭЩҵգһӾֽ
ɴóĴļսͻĶȴ벻ѫȻˡ
һǴ̵ֻĶˣͻɴϵ൱ߵĲΣȻŹ
Ҳһ
Գ¹ȵɫΪ˵ʱȴȻһɰҵķ˫֣ܹõģұһöļҩ㽻Ǳˡ
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ɴ޿һеǿߣرǳվһ¹ţС濣ܳ׸飡
ɴ˵ĻǸӣϾ濸׵ĵӣ˵ܲ濷
˵Ļȴ˿ûչ˵κ˵ӣԴļҩļսĻȻ˵Ĺûʣ
Ҫ֪һļսֵǴļҩʮô˵ȻǸоǸΥ˵Ļ
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ðЩֵǣͬսĦի죬ûվ˵ûֳ֣Щ벻ͨĦիЩʲô
ѵļսôˣ
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似ҲǷΪͬƷġ
ʼķħ壬ǷƷ似ڿѾ̫ˣͲûʲô
Լ׷˷ħʽƷ似ʹ½Ѿ൱ǿˣ޿Χڣȴȫ㲻ʲô
ڣԷħʽþĵ
ģҲ֮ǰģμߵģԴ似ڴļ֮ϣ
Ǿİɣ̤ͨؾĻֻҪƾ壬±Ӳ֮ǰѫľˡ
似ԲͬϲͬԡþĵĻȻǿᣬȲǿġҿһЩĵ
üͷ΢壬ţ뵽ȫûȥΣԡ
ʵϣõ巽ֻǵ似ķ㵽þĵЧܻкܴͬ
ңںϿɲ飬һĻֻҪеϵʹˡ
Ҫںһ𣬴Ļô޵ľҲһĿ飡
Ȼ֪ΣԣȴδΪ֪ҪɹþĺͺĻԱȵһľĴǿ
ĵĻܹһ
ĳ˼ᶨ߶Ѿɵʺע뵽ѾĴľ֮С
ġʱڿʼŰһʼ޾ʹ֮С
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յģͬ˳ȻõͬĴԭȴͬġ
ĺͺںһ𣬿ʼľѾɵľİ塣
ʱţľȻ״˾УΪһ壬˫ĵľļΪӲʣ
ˣںĵʣڵľܹ޶ȵչϵתΪ
Чǵɣ͸ҪѫļһˣʱԶԶѫֽͨǣ


559 ǰʥ
иõİ취õķķ̫ܳʲô⡣
һȥˣǿʹ࣬þĺͺһ𣬽Ǹˡ
İĵڶɣ֮ǰ
ǻأֻϧһǰ޿ʥصӣҲȱϯˡ
Ҫ֪һϰ˽޿ʥأÿ˶пҵԼĻԵ˵ļ似п޿ʥڳ֡
ϣģս似һЩıþܹϳ̶ȵĶ
Ķ޿ʥУ¶
ȻʥоЩʲô濶̫ģֻܵȴ˽֮Լˡ
ʱ뿪˷䣬䡢һһǰ䳡ϼϡ
ڴ˵Ⱥ򣬼˵ʱ΢ЦŻ˻֡
ǰ濿ȥһ޿¹Ϊλ˾ߣ˿ûǰŵķ緶
Ȼ޿ȴδ˵ʲôֻ˵⣬¹ʱҶ䶯ְˡ
ʲôĵط濱㲻֪ˣҲȻ²ֻա
šˣҲӵ̤޿ʥصʸ񣬴ʱ˿̣ҲԼסͥԺ䳡ϡ
֮⣬мְҲӵʸܹ̤ʥأƽѩ˾ͶȽϿϧˣ޴ѡһٶӣֻҪٸǿһ㣬̤ʥء
ܹˣˣ߰ɡ
濻һܣɨһۣ˻֣Ʈǰͷ
濣䡢һͼְɣš𰣬ܹˣһǰ޿ʥأʥпĻԵŲڴ
šˣȻϵͣͼְǶЩĽģΪԵʣ˾Ȼȫӵ˴ļսʱգսضΪǿᣡ
رţеķ籩ħƺܴһżлԵʵһԾˡ
һɽȵĴ㳡ϣŷ޴ѡǰˣѾȺˣѵһĻԵʢᣬûκ˻
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ԭǺ²˵ʵǿɭޡɲȵȣЩˣ޴ѡȴУɭǱһɱ
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Ǳ߾͸ˣ˰Լڵʮ֮⣬һṳ̂ǰ١
Ҫ֪޿˲żüãɲֻЩʵǿᡣ
ʱ䣬̤޴ѡǰٵޣӸطɽȵġ
ɴߺɽĦի죬ȻѾˡ
ɨһ۳УôЩˣǸԱĿڵȴʲô֪ʥһпûô򵥡
֮⣬㳡ϻվһޣףǴɽġ
Щˣ޿صǿߣв˵Ǳȫ䡢Ǻӵ˵ġ
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Ҫǰ޿ʥأ϶Ҫ޿Գֵģ޿ʥأҲܹΪ޿ԭ
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˵㳡ȴһЦˣ˴ʥһУôʲôèܲˣǱ߼һͨؾûдﵽȻʸǰʥأ
һʱ֮˽Ŀȫ˹ȥȴԱȵһУһ˵
˵䣬ʱ򣬺Ȼ˵ıŵˡ
ŵƣȻ֮ˣȴҲʱԷֻǵ˵һ䣺ҪǲĻһΣҪӮˣҺѱ㶼μӴУҪˣ˵ô죿
⻰һٺһЦΪ˭ѫҪǿԣֻϧСĿɲ˷ѿ˵ʱ䣡
꣬ѫһͨǿߣܹ̤޴ѡǰʵ϶Ҫѫǿϲٵġ
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ڳ֣𰾲վԣɫ䣬ֻţȴʥسܹ޴ѡĽóڣӶ֮ǰǸˡ
λ޿Ŷʮ޿Ǹλ£ԣλʲôìܵĻһ㣬ûҪŪһģԲԣ
޿ĳ˵ֳ飬һֱúܣرǹġ
ѫɱûʲôϧģҪʲộ޿˵Ǹشʧ
ԣ޿ھͱ̬ܵʵϣȴίˣ򶷳ͻҲҪŪ
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ֻҪ̤ʥأضջֻջʲôȫÿԼˡ
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޿£߶ƬƱѾڿյ˼ߵĸ߿УΧƲܲһƬɾľ
ڲԶһڸ߿еĺΰУ


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޹ŵ޿ʥأ޿ſܶ˵أеõĪԵ
ںֵ޿˵ţּ˷ɵ޹ŵǰ
ϰŵڴƽ̨վȻ˹ŵڡ
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޿͵Ļǹﶼôʱ䡣
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۷׷ףܿ㷢ŵÿ˵ĸоһ
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Ҹоܲǽȥ֮ʲôҪĶڵһҶô
һ˵ţһ̧ͷ
ҸоҲ
˵ͷ˵ΪҲͰӰԵıȽϡ
Ҹоôá
ְɿɥĿǹģʱ򲻻ᱻŵ߳ɣ
Ӧòᣬÿ˽뵽޹ŵܻõԵĻԵʲôԵˡ
濰οһ£ȻԵźͳԼˡ
˵޹ŵ˵ĸоǸԵĻôš˾Ͳ˵ˣΪû
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΢üͷ˵
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ְΪ϶˵пܣ밵Ӱϵ޽УܵõĻԵļһ͸㶫򷢳ˡ
ô˵Ƚȥ˵ɣ֪ȥ֮ʲôԼСһЩ
˵
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ǱҪʵ޹ŵֻݵ޿֮˰ˡ
޿ԣʱЦһȻӵ󣬵޹ŵҲǸĵط

ǽһŮԶʱһָ޿ССڻǰŰ裬ɺͳ
ˣȣƣҲֲգ޹ŵʮҪˡ
꣬ҲջʳӣĿ޿һۣӱսһˣԵʮΣ
սûʲôôġ
޿˻䣺ȻӵҪ޹ŵǱɣ˵ŵ֮һУ뱾޹أ޿޹أǳʲô⣬Ҫջɸң
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ЦһΪǿϵôЦһգӽᳬԽϵΪջʳĻʣ
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СԱǸ˭ҲͦƯģץһҲ㲻
۷׷ףЦȻ˿ⱻ޿
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޿ʵֻôʱ䣬ˣֻҪ޿İ¾͹ˡ


561 ŵ
޿ɨһǽӴʮˣµ˫һĨ˿ɼĺ⣬ȻҲɱЩˣֻϧ޷һ㡣
۵ӣͲһܹԸ˵ġ
ңö֮ĳҪȡ޹ŵʮȻбʱ⣡
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£޿Ȼ˺ƤҪжаһ
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⻰жʱһƬȻ
Ϊ˸ʲôջʳóʮ˵ȻʮĲʥˣ
޿Ҳ̫ЩҪ֪޿̣չջʳˣȨģö֮Ҫ
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Ѳɣ޿֪һЩĻϢ
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վ˵˲Щο
ǺӶʸЩʲôö˵ģſ˻һĴ𰸵ģ

ʼɣԼǿͶ뵽Щ֮С
޹ŵʯų޿ԼİӰ뵽ʯһһ֮С
漴濡Լߺɽһšˣ׷׽ԼǿͶ뵽ʯϵİȥ
֮⣬ջʳӣԼԵĽŮȣܹʮˣȫԼͶ뵽ʯϰȥ
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ȵһн̤ʵصĸоʱ̧ͷһȴԼȻһһƬڵĹС
ʮɣռֻһڡ
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ڵȱսҲȱ似дļ似Ҳûʲôʱȥġ
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ȻŸոͻƵپûãҪͨûôףô㹻൤ҩĻǿһԵġ
Ȼնһ½ŲͺȻһɫӰʵĳǰϣӰϣܵһֵΣյϢ
Ȼ֪ΡҼȻ޹ŵͲûһĪ
кâһֱֳУǰʵĻӰ̶ȥ
֪Ӱ˭ֻҪǰɢŶɱ⣬Ǳĵˣ


562 佫
յĺڰУֳУͬһɫ⻮գһ̱ѾǻɫӰǰ
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Ӱȥһ̧֣۳һͼںڰĵУָǵͼ֮˵㿴޿λãջʳж൱ĵرħɽһƬԴΪḻȻ޿ÿ궼ҪϽջʳһ󲿷֣ʳ֮ˣվǲ㣡
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˵ǻӰЦһֻϧСӼȻˣǾͲҪųȥˣ˴Σţؽڴˣ
ԣ΢΢һԭ޿ʥУ޿ȱд棬Ȼˣôӵ˴˽϶ǵòʲôôġ
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ӰһЦסµʱ䣬ջʳ̸֮Уʱ䣬ջʳ֮һղջʳ֮˾һղ֡
οջʳ֮ˣǺҪ޹ŵأŵҴһȱżкòײŪģһԽ˴ļսӴ˹Ҫռ޹ŵֻϧ̫ˡ
Ӱ仰΢΢һȻǳԽ˴ļս޹ŵҲǲͬѰǿᣡ
ڣúȡͻƵͨؾɡ
Ӱ̾˿˵СѾͷĦի죬츳Ϊ⣬ƷҲǲ޿ÿǲܹٴ𡭡
ٴѵһأ޿ɣ
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ջʳ޿֣޿ܹ
Ӱͷ˵ֻڣӣһʱˣȵｫ޿ֶϣ޹ŵ뿪ջʳʱ̣
뿪ȥĶ
ʡ
ҾͲˣ񣬱ҪúͨҪ֪ͺͨ似ͬǣֻͨһ˵ͨһǱֻܹʹõļɣΪ̺ģĶ򡣡
Ӱ˵Ų洢ĴļҩӦ㹻ͨˣЩս似켶ĲΣ˵ûʲôˡ
š
˵ͷ
Ȼһ޿Ҳ޿ʼ˶ô˵ˣô㰴նԷ˵ȥˡ
ֻҪ̤뵽ͨؾԸѰͨǿ߽׾٣ʱ򣬾û޿ıӻҲڻúܲҡ
޿ˣͲڵܹӰ˵ġ
ǰи⡭
һԷ˵ĻȻʵǰȻǲд޹ŵеô֪޿еЩ飿
ӶԷ˵ĻУ֪Է޿ڵһУ츳Ʒԣ
˵֪츳Ļǻ⣬˽ƷԣǾͲһʱܹģһֱڹ۲Եʡ
޹ŵ󷨣Թ۲޿ڵ
ӰһЦ뿴ĳЩطҲͶӰܹ֪Ρ
ˡ
˵ͷ漴Ǿҿɽȵɣջʳ֮ˣӦѾ˰ɣ
ȷˡ
Ӱ˵ͷ漴һ̧֣һɽȵȫͼչǰ

ʱɽȣһӽؾǿߣǿ߶ջʳɽȣ㾶ֱ޿ڴֱֱȥ
һƬƴɽڶ޿Ӱ˵ǰͬʱһɫȹŮӣҲ޿ࡣ
˱
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563 ֮
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Ҫǹ¼ҹһĻûʲô˵ģڻδ㳷ͺá
Ǻӵڶ࣬ʱ˿̶ЩŲ£û޿Ļ뿪ɽȡ
ȵǾ£Ҫ뿪ʱȴѾˡ
ջʳǿߣѾɽŰΧؾǿ֮⣬ʮߵͨĴ󽫣ƾǺӣ뿪ɽˡ
ȻսǱɡ
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ջʳӣ˿̱ŵ֮УŵֻҪһܽ䳹øλлҷ𡭡
޿ܣ΢ɨһ׷ؾǿߣ֪λҪռϹżս޹ŵƾһˣЩˡ
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һؾǿ΢΢һЦһֵ̧ǱڴţѺӱƼͬʱ޿ɾ͸ֱӹջʳͳˣԷƬˣ
ȥ޿޴ͨؾߣһɽǧöձңؾߣһɽһǧöձңؾߣһɽöձң˷ջʳӻɱ⣡
ձҵ㣬磬޿ţÿһҪȥýһǧöձң򡭡ȫڣ
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ʼҵģȻȫɽȸϾޣȫۼջʳǿ߽٣޿Χ
ôЩƵޣȻֵܵסջʳƻĳ˺ܿͽ˸Ҫɵձҡ
Щձңÿ˵Ҫһʱܹ׬õģɳû˲ʹ
ջʳ֮ȴû˵ҷ
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Щʵɲ߶ķãҪõҩսҪʵڽɲҪ뵽ջʳУΪãΪǰڻҡ
¹ȽУಮüĿǰջʳ佫
ˣǽһ꽻׶ҲİձңһӱҪǽձʵ̫Ϊˡ
ಮüͷΪѵĶǰǿջʳ佫˵
ջʳ佫һߵͨĳǿߣһͻƿռ޿¹ȽΧ˸ˮйͨ
ձңǱűɡ
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λˣȵȣöձңҲǲԣ⽻УԺܼȥ԰ɣ
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æƳಮļ򣬼е˵ձңòôǮǽҲвٴƷóѣ
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ҲգҲǳ֮£ջʳôһƬ⣬ôܲԡ
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ҪҵÿɾͲһˣ
ӦʥУ޴ѡ˵
С˵
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ǽһʱȤȱˣ֪ʥӵȥɣ

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˵ĵӣһ˽ʮձңɱ⡣
һߵͨջʳ죬ɨһ۱ΧͥԺİǺӣ˵
ڷ߲ˣ԰ǺӴ£ͣͥԺ֮С
һԷҪۣǺӲɫһʮöձңڿò
Цĵӣòʮöձ
ߵͨĽЦһ˵дļսʵòձңսѺɣ
ţʮöձңҸˣʦֵģҲһˡ
ȴͻȻ侲ĳֹ˴ջʳ죺ܹǶʮöձңǸ£ܹʮöձңǡӴˣǱϵջʳ
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ʦ֣졣
һʱǺû˵ˡ
ǮǰģǺûɶȨڵ޿Ҫ꣬Ȼˣôǿ϶Ҫ޿ޡ


564 ħڱ
ɽУ޽ձңȫջʳС
ջʳ췢֮Ӱ췶ΧȴԶԶֻɽڣѸٳ޿Χӿȥ
޹ŵУһ߷켶ļҩͻƵͨؾһͨһ޿ͼ۲һС
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Ҫ֪ԷؾǿߣƾˣĻ϶Ƕ֡
ۿ޿ջʳռ죬мʹȴҲûʲô취
֪ͨûܽ޹ŵʮţô˵ҲӦһЩɣ
ڵʱͼְɣŷƷ塢ܰջīϦ裬ԼСҶ֣˳һۣԼٶ뿪޿ķΧűȥˡ
޿Աپڵܵһʳ뿪ջʳĵ򡣡
һ޿ĲдǰĿĵأҲֻǸʳˣǻʳ֮ʣѣ֮ʹϵǢʱ϶ӻǣǸʳϢʵ㹻֮ٻ𲻳١
ջʳ޿ͳ޿ûʲôԹ濿϶ǼΪʹ޵ġ
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ǿ쾹Ȼиӣгٷ壬ͳͣȴѾﵽߵͨ
ĴѹεͬʱʾԼҪŪ棬ϧ쾯ѾԤǡСˡǲҪʲô˼ˡ
ЩԭԭڶУ֮Ϊŭ
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ƽڵǰҵ»ȥջʳѹһѰǡ

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Ҫͻƿͨͨô򵥵飬Ҳǹ⿿õҩܹɵġ
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һ޿ĲдĴȫ츳ֻϧ̫ˣڳɾͶȻֹˡˣʱ͵ΪֹˣûпĻ۵һ飬ӵ˵ãǲǣ
һ仰΢΢һ㶣漴뵽޹ŵܽ޿ж֪֮̽Ҳ֡
ˡ
̹Ȼϣʱ򣬸ԷһĻûʲô˼
һͷʱ򣬻͵ϣʱұѾʼעˡǾ֮飬ͷų֮ǿѹܹ˲ˣҵƶϣؾǿߣܹһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬Ǿ㹻ˣ
Է£Щɻ
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ʵ

дʾһʱ䣬ѾӴŮͻ޹ŵڵȫؿӽ޹ŵ룬ʯλãõʯ֮ǰǱ뽫նɱڴˣ
ԭǶԸӣ
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565 ػ
޹ŵУдŲ޿ȱһ޿
ЩûʲôսֻΪ޹ŵΪһ壬Բٿһ޹ŵ
ջʳ̤޹ŵĿģҪõ޹ŵ˽ֱ֮޹ŵ룬Ѱʯ
λ޹ŵʯ޹ŵĺĲ֣ʯ޹ŵ
Խǿʯ޿ȱǱܲٿԽǿ޹ŵ֮Ҫɱӣӵ޹ŵ֮
޿ȱǵֵӽһʱ䣬ڻöԷ޹ŵʯ
ڣ͸ǳʱˡ
ֻҪסһʱ䣬ǱϷɱ󣬽У޹ŵɱ
һ޿ĲдʾȻɱ֮ЩŵڵĲдҷ𡭡ǲ˵Ļ޷ӣȥȫɡ
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Ҳ֪޹ŵ֮⣬޿Ѿջʳؾǿ߶ŵˣϾҪͻ
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ҪǵӵİΣһͶ޿ˣӣƿ޹ŵ֮ٶ֣ҪȻ´˵޹ŵеӣǾͲø֮ʽˡ
ãǰɣֻҪʱ죬ұͷž֮飬ȡĻᡣ
֣صĵ˵ͷʱٲҴҲûʲôá
ڵ޿¹ȡǺӵ˶ջʳ߹Ҫǲ취ȥ¸һֱᱻʬˡ
ԣӣƿ޹ŵڻʳļƻ˵ҲڱУ
ͷ֮ͬ󣬵һ޿дο˲٣׼ˣֱÿռĵ㴫͵޹ŵλã
£ֻܵһռԼȫΧ漴ܿͻ˿ռһۣΧȻת䡣

ԭս޹ŵ㱻һռУΪص츳԰
Ķռ䣬޹ŵжֻʮ֮⣬šˣΪ̫ͣҲ԰һ
ջʳʮˣԼǣûǳ˴۸ӵĹŵ֮ͨС
ѣӲںŮһ𣬴޹ŵλá
ջʳ֮ˣ޹ŵΧǽҡ
ռΧͣһ۱㷢ԼĿռ䣬һСĺڰãƮһöʯͷر޹ŵĺģʯˡ
Уûʲô˴ڣΨиĵһ޿ԼڵſڵɫӰ
һ޿ȱڵſڣʯ
ֻһڣȱػλãǳʯ֮⣬һҴ򶷵ɫ΢䡣
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һ޿֣ص˵

һ˵ţһΪһ⣬ŵ֮Ѹٷȥ
ʯţһ۳ͷȥȴһȣУսţҪĦիˣ
Ħիۣ˷·𲻴һ㣬ΪɭȻһּͷųǿİӰħģƻΪˣ
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Ħի˵Ķ֣ȻŽɫӵŮƺȡ
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޿ţҲ˶ѣһССŮӮ
ŮȰȻּĵȻţ㽫Ħի˸Ժ˿ȥ
Ṳ̊ǰһŲмɫӵƿ޹ŵǱֻ·һĳܷһ·

ǽȻ䣬һԵһǿ߶ʱŭһֳֳ㳯ǽȴɱȥ
˺Ȼ£ĬƧĶһ
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֮ǰдռеĴļսͻʱɴ˳ȥ
ɴԲͷֻһۣбһ֮ɫȻû뵽ڳ֣ҽս
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ջʳޱߣƣ
Ů֮ɫһ漴һ̧ɫۣһӲӵʱɢǾ޴󻯵ͻֱӵֵסŤתǰз򣬾ȻŶһĽȥ
ͻ˲˽ǰһĽֵסˣһĽҲɴֱһѪļսͻȻһĽûε

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ŮȻǿᣡ
ʱɫһݣӵĽŮҲߵͨˣͺĦի£ȴѾֵܵĦի֣
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һİԴͷȥһȴһͷ꣬ǰûôֻǵҲǴ˴ν޹ŵʮ֮һ
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㲻֪𣿡
ȥŮȣӴСŮδ̳֮ʰҵߺѡŮˣ˵ھѾˡ
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566 
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ţһ޿д㳯Ⱦͷɱ˹ȥ۳һɭҪȶˡ
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һ޿ȱǿһܹʹõ޹ŵȻҲҪȱǿöࡣ
ֻϧλȱУûܹ̤뵽ؾģֱ޿˸̳޿λá
޹ŵУһ޿ǿȻԸӵģŮȣ
ȻֵĻܹȻɱҲҪܶ
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оһ޿ɱŽ۵ӹЦһ̧֣һöɫսȡ˳
ԭӣ޿ȱΧֻǿܹ֧Űˡ
ȱǶڲ²⣬С֪ޣʱ䣬ȵĹܹ˳µĶ޹ŵ
ڿһֱ
ֻȵһ޿֣ӲŽɱﵼǽɫսȻһԽ˴ļεս
ս壬ǳʱˣ
ӿЦһ漴еĽɫһػߵ֣ó˶鲻ԽĲһҪ̬
Ȼս壡
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ͷȾͷǸȥһ䡣
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ȥʱҲЩ𾪣ôһʣŽ˼˻شѰӵеĴļսǴļƷļƷĳ̶ȣȻս壬ȴǴļƷս⼶սջʳڣ¾һ
֮ʣƾս壬Ϊջʳߣ벻ӳһˣȻս嶼ˣ֪֮ǶԼӶô
ȥޱȸп˵š
ļƷսƷƷȫһϣرս壬֮ʵսͺ֮ϵ߲ΣӵмΪʶ
Ҫ˵ĻҲܴս
ļսսһΪƷƷƷԼƷƷΡ
˸ȥĻ̲ס뵽ӵе˵ǴļսƷȴǳԽƷĴڣﵽƷǼƷΡֻϧ𻵣ʲôƷս
УϹżս޿ջʳ˵ڴ˵еĴڣܹú÷֮ʣǰҲǲġ
ţ̧ͷǰϸ۲ӵһһʱ׼ͷž֮顣
ֻȡս֮ս㷢һͬɣȡ
ǰΧӵ޿ȱȻһֱӺ˿ȥһɫӰЩƺ˲ᡣ
һ޿ĲдɫӰõȥ˼֣ôǰҲؾǿߣʱ˿̽޹ŵֱӼɱǰԼΪǿ̬ƿսķ
ɭȻ޹ŵȻϮսѹ
漴սڵʶƺЩ꣬һɲд˳ƻһһǿᣬȫкڵһ޿ϡ
޿޹ŵڣʱ˿ֻ޹ŵеֵȻȴվԼ޷̫á
ۿԽԽֲסһ̾ͺҪ׻鿪ʱѡ˶֡
עˣ
ͻȻǰ˼Ȼǰһ䣬漴ĿⶢԶϡ
ţ
濴㺹죬ŮȵսľȴȻᶨĵڽȸǰöԷͻһ
ĵȻܵģʱȴҲû̫ϣΪô츳ǿϾֻһپޡ
ֽӽؾεսУ²ʲôã޹ŵУ޷ͷų
ȻĻбͻȻһһ̣¶һЦ
Ѿ֪Ҫʲôˡ
濿Ǽʶǿľ֮飬ֻҪͷųΧ֮һʱ䣬ߵͨŮȣؾӣ¶ܹЧģ
ʱҪʲô飬Բˡ
ҳˣ
濵˵ͷȻȻһΪ壬ֱĸĹŲӰһʩչӰȸ˲գǰɹȥ˲㾭Ůڴ
ţ
Ůȼһپ޳һ㶡
ּһƽһƾˣڣȴϸܵһֲͬѰϢ
ٶ̫죬ȷűһ޿ĲȵȱԵվûס嵽ӸǰԶ
һʲôĿģƾһپСӣҲҶӵ³֣͸㣬㣡䣡
Ů˲䱬ǿɫĹâ⣬ĸĹŲӰֱ
״һȻ漴ĸĹŲӰֱʩչȸԶһĿռ䡣
漴߶תô˻ᣬֱӽ֮ͷ˳
һ̣֮˲ȫһͷ·ԻȪĿֲֳһѹڴΧȻɢȥ
ŮȵɫֱĸĹŲӰȴȸ似ȫʱ򣬾֮ѹڽŮȣԼԶϡ
ţ
ս巢Ȼ׼ȡ޹ŵأ˭뵽ͻȻôһһĲԶͷųһͷ飿
һ˲䣬ӱ㱻֮ѹ嵱˫һĨ͸֡
ŮȣȲӣȻᱻ֮ʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣҪ˵ˣ¾˼
ڣ
С濼Ůȱס֮ѹӵȸֹ̱ͣȡж
֮Ҫλãڸǰͷž֮飬ΪҪѹķΧ
֮ǰͷŹ֮飬֪巶Χһҡ
ʱ˿̣ҪպýŮȺסֲӰ쵽ǣѡһõλͷ顣
ѡλãպúʣ
޾⣡
ʱ򣬱㿪ʼһ̣ȫΪͨ޾⣬Ůȴ
ߣֵ֮ʱǰӸĵһ޿ٶʧΣȻʩչռĵߣһöɫʯͷӵ֮С
öɫʯͷɱۣ
սʶ̷Ӧһ񱩵ɹһ޿ĲɣȴҲ޷ֹɱķ


567 ɱ
֮鱻ͷųеջʳŮȣͬһʱ䱻嵱
漴ͨ޾⣬ŮȣȫûиԷһ㷴Ӧʱ䡣
޾⣬һͨƾ밵ӰĵļϣԼ򵽵ĲΣһгܹɱؾµǿߣ
Ůߵͨǿߣڱ֮£Ҳûа취Ӧֵʱһк˿ȥȫһ貽â
ȻǴļķս
濼״ɫ΢΢һ䣬벻Ůϴŵ׽ۣȻǴļķսһ޾ֵסˡ
ţһڰеδŮͻȻ֣漴һħɵ⣬ٿȻŮȵĲ
ۣ
ŮȲһѪȻϴŴļķս濵޾һ£ĻѾ顣
սȴû취ĲӲλĦիӰֱӴɱ
ˡ
еĦի΢˿漴̧ͷ˲ԶԼɱеջʳӡ
ھ֮£ս壬ûа취赲ɱķ޿ȱ׼ɱ
ɱ۱һ޿֮ڣɱڿʼ
󷨣޹ŵڲǿɱֶΣ
޹ŵϹżսܽõ磬Ǹ޿գ¶ܹ֮ʸɱ
Ȼڣûܹ޹ŵϹżսһ޿Ҳֻܹ׼ֵ£ǿɱ
һĵ˷ӻ۹ȥ۳ΪһɱȻ͸뵽ڡ
ﵽؾ֮飬ûܽ峬һʱ䡣
ȻѹʱɱȴѾ͸ȫߣȫ

ŭһҪ߶ؾĿֲЩɱɢȥȻȴȻܽЩɱɢȴ壬ͣĴܵڡ
ûãɱԺ˫ͨ죬˱ɥʧʶȫѾɱ֧飬Ҫ˵ؾˣܱܲס˵
ɱɱ壬ܴݻٶԷʶ
ڲԶУɱ󣬾ȻǿᣬһؾǿߣֱӸΧɱˡ
죬סս壡
пʱѾע⵽ɢɵĴļƷսս壬ϵһ޿дĳѣ̱ж
СƷսҪ߳࣬Ҫѹסеսʶֻܿˣ
ֳУһ㵽սԱߣԭľ֮ʱŶ֮˲ɢ֮С
ھ֮ʴ֮£ս弸ûа취κѹƵģֳǰһ޿Ĳ۳ɱͬͶ뵽սս֮С
ǴļƷսҪĥеӡǣѣرսӡǣȻ֮ʵġ
дսϣֱѡȡӡȻȴܵǰδеǿ谭
еһ޿۵ɱһսڵĴ󲿷ѹȥܹлɳˡ
Сƣȡӡ
һȫϣʵĺģսʣµһСˡ
һ̣ļƷսе֮ʻӡ㱻ֱӼȡڲǶۿռУ
֮ʵĻӡ
żȡӡ֮еǰһ֮ʵĻӡǶ֮Уǿ
е֮ϲҪǽ֮ʵĻӡл걬Ļǿ
ҪܹѼ˸֮ʼĻӡеԭʮ౶걬ֱܹɱؾǿߣ
ֻϧ֮ǿߣô׸ȡ˻ӡҲֻпɼȡһˡ
֮ʵĻӡ֮սļƷսֱӱ֮С
Ȼ֮ʵĶˡֱӽɡ
սȡ˸֣ЦһЦ
̧ͷȴΧЩɫӰȻڲϵɢУȻɱЩ޿ȱ޷ȥˡ
ɱģԽ˶ϳĨɱ
ԭһΣֻƾ׼޹ŵвдڷɱ֮󣬱ʱҷˡ
ÿСѾͷȥԴʯɣ޿ǿߣûһܹȫϣշ޹ŵģԸСѾͷ
һ޿Ĳֻһˣֻܶ˵ƿ޹ŵһ뿪ǲܣǱ취Լ룬ʯԱߵǼ壬ȥջʳıѩʳѩʣչѣƹȥضǵֵջʡ
˵Щһ޿ĲҲľ
ģоֻʣӼŮȵʬ壬濡Ħի졢ȥɴͶһ޿һǿߡ
ܹʮˣʱ˿˶ۼӱɱնɱЩ˿
ȻһеĽ壬ȴǸӽ
ս壬Ǻջϵ˼߲Σսʶҽʶ𣬼ȡ˻ӡջܹܵһ֪޹ŵб䡭ж뿪ջʳ
˾漴պˣתڴж
ȥɡ
濵˵ͷ˵
š
һ۵һ޿ɢĵطЩ˸У漴˵ͷһ㳯޹ŵ룬ʯڵĵطȥ
⧲֮£һ˸ģȻֻܸһǰ
һ·ȥ޿Ƕʮó·Ȼжȥʲô
ɱӣЩջУ֮أΨһĻ·뿪ջʳ
Ҫٰȫ뿪ջʳƿ޹ŵõķһеϣϡ
Ҫ֪֮УΨ˴ģ޹ŵΪϵġ
͡
µĸȥŰɫĹģŸ꣬ͬʱ濣˧ϸֳһЦݡ
⸵ȥĵ벻ȻֶΡ
ǸȥַЩȣǹĵַɱĸǿࡣ
Ȼڲǿʱ
ţܿһһܽʯڵ


568 ִͬ
һλصʯڵĴûּȵ飬ȴһֱ
޿Ȼ䵽˵ز̶һʱ֮ڣ㱻ջʳͳΣӴˣ޿Ϊ˹ȥ
޿ջʳֱ򣬲ҸΪħʿΪջʳµһ
ɴ˿ɼУؾǿߣܹһ죬ͬؾȴҲоĻ֣ջʣǻʾ޿ֻαһأʵر
ջǰû˿֮ʵĲࡣ
ҪԼˣøǿ
ţ̧ͷм䣬һȭͷСʯڹ롣
ȥ԰ɡ
ɿ濵С֣мʯָһָ
ţҪǲУͻ
濵˵ͷ˵
ҪǲУôУ޹ŵȫĵͿӦΪϵĲŶԡ
ЦһЦ
ִ޹ŵǲϾһϹżսȴ֪ͬʱҲһΡ
޹ŵ޿ĺģƿ޹ŵǱҪ縺޿Σ
վһɢ֮ˣΣ縺˵ϲĻһ˶֮·һһ߷壬սЩ⡣
ϹżսѾһУһһļƷƷ
ԶսڲǺҪ֪϶ûʲôʱȥŬˣҪǶ˸޹ŵǸûʱ䣿
濲δ˵ʲôֻǶƤһЦ漴ǰȥ𽥿ڰеʯ
ڴ޿Ŷ£˹ɴһȥˣȫվ̧ͷһգգ濡
޿⣬޿Ҳѱ𣬴ӽԺ޿ĹǱֻˡ
濷ǰһͣ٣ʯУʱڵʯųĹ󣬽濰Χ
ÿʮһε޴ѡ˵ǸǰһԵʵϻΪ˸޹ŵѡһˡ
ֻϧ˴ǧ˶ûһܹʯϵġ
޿ʯֻϧʧˣûܹ޹ŵҪȻҲֲջʳ۸޿
ջ˵̽޹ŵϹżս֮󣬾һֱ뽫ΪУǲӳ֣Ҳ뽫޹ŵ͸ӣӰˡ
ֻϧջôû뵽޹ŵڣӾȻᱻ˸նɱˣս嶼ĥʶȡ˻ӡ
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ȻʯϵڹųȴֻһǸ濵ϣһ룬ȻƮȻ£ϲ
ţ
ɫһ䣬ĶһˣЩĪʯòͬʱ˰ɣ
ڳţȫ֪ǿ֮ŶԸӺͽȣǿľ֮ͷŲŵԳɹ
ԣʯϣڳڶ˵ʲô飬ϾǿҲǰӰԵ޹ŵҲϵġ
ȺУɴһĨӵɫ˵ͬ͵Ѿ൱עˡ
ȴ벻Ȼܳɳ˵زҷΣʱ̣Ը⽫Ĵļսָм֮顣
뿤һִ޹ŵҲǲţܳΪһ뢣죬޿¡
ɴš
µĸȥϴЦ⣬дһ˿ڴ
ҪһŮ˵ȴǲԸģһִơǻͦȤģ
ȥţۿʯɢڹ˽ȥЩڴӡ
ܵʯɢڹŰΧЩ죬ֵĸо
ʯƺϿ濰
һսֻһôôҪ˹ִͬƵӣ
ʯڹӵȫ£ˬĸоͬʱڰӰԵϳ̶ȣƺڲϵС
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̧ۣͷ濣ȴܵƺһ㣬Ѹ밵Ӱĵϣ
ԭ濱밵ӰĴﵽļϡǸһܴﵽ弶ϣܹʩչ֮Ҫ󣡡
ǰΪ֮һ
֮Ƕĵĸεã֮ǰԵĹаԼ޿ʩչֶΣΪǶԵϵ弶ߵĳ̶ȡ
弶ϣʩչĻ
ͨؾ׶αʩչֶΣôؾµ޵УѾ޵еĴˡ
һ޿͵սģɶǶ޿൱ҳϵš
࣬ûгȻ޹ŵط
ԣ濺ĿУΨڴ;壬ûм֮飬Ҳûʱеҵġ
ûһȫڹſ˷
˫ۣ˸ܵеƺ
ɹ𣿡
ɫһ䣬ȫЩ
ɹˣֻƿһ롣
漴˫ƤС΢΢𣺡޹ŵһƿȨСӣȻʯǰϣ˱Ԥϣ˺һֵоͦģ
濵Ļ˱㽫Ŀȫϡ
ڸоΣҵ۹ںͰӰĵϳ̶ȣԴﵽˮ׼
Ħի̤ǰһĶ˵ֻҪ̤ͨؾȻȻ밵Ӱļϡɳٶȣеĸ죬ۻᣬҵ׵Ķˡ
Ħի죬ɱô࣬ҪȥμۻĻǱģ
ԣʱվԣһ׺ݵĦի졣
Ȼ޹ŵΪ⿿˱ѹһͷˣʱ򵽵׸˭Լǡ
ĦիЦһ
ڻ磬ʲôۻ᣿
ȴͻȻˣϽ취뿪ջʳɣʱ߶޹ŵһˣ֮ǰܰѿ˴ϣ޹ŵ⣬ؾļһţⶼһ¹ȥˣʱ˶ˡ
仰˱عȷڿɲʱֻҪһû뿪ջʳһջΣյľУرɱ֮


569 Ա
޹ŵ֮ڣһ޿Ĳд׼ֵʱ򣬾ѾֶΣ֪ͨ޹ŵͷ޿
һۣʹ˸ɫ֪ʱжˡ
Ůȱ֮ʱҲ˶һ̧֣һǧöƵʯ޹ŵΧһƬþ
þէȻɣʱΧؾǿȫУǶС
һǧöƵʯ̲ĸףɵڣ̺żǿĻþ֮
ߣ
һ漴ȫĵɢһƬ緫Ȼ޹ŵƶűǰУܿһǧöʯɵĻþ
Ʈʩչͬƶ޹ŵǰУʱںͷǻþȴͻȻܳһؾǿͻϮ
Ȼþסүң̫ˣ
ؾǿӰһ⣬ȻǿĽɫȻţ
Сģ
״ʱһһۣγһƬƣһҪֵԷһ
һ
жʱסǼļսһɫԳȻϮɱȥ
׷ɱؾǿ߼״ʱȻһЦһ̧֣ɫ˲䱬ɢ۵Ƭƺ飬һһǿĽɫͬһؽһص˻Ϯɱ
ͣսһ貵ɫҪֵԷһصĽɫ
ͬʱּ䣬۳һɫ˲佫ؾǿ߰ΧУ漴ɫȻը
ؾһ£úЩͷԷʵȻҪǿöࡣ
ôֻϧҲᣡ
ؾǿһ̱ɫըķΧѪ֮ɫɱ
ҲʱΧǧöʯȻƮΧһֹΣؾǿ߰Χ
漴þٴηһνԷξ֮С
ξУؾǿߣֻϧ޷ξгֻһǧöʯС
ڣǧöʯɻþ󷨣һνؾǿС
ʱˣ޹ŵѾƿˣ
ۿؾǿһ˻þУعͷ޹ŵ޹ŵƺòô壬Ϊ
ԽȥˣŮǳɹˡ
ɫһϲ޹ŵ˶ûܽ䳹ƿأȴû뵽ΣѹͷȻŮƿˣǼϲɺص飬ܹ޹ŵѸ뿪
һ̣޹ŵʯųųһƬڹȻǿͨﴫ͵޹ŵڲȥ
ɵʯ
״˵
Ҳûκԥһ̧֣㽫һǧöʯ£Ȼת޹ŵͶȥ
ܣ
ʱؾǿߣһʱξ磬ٶȷӦ޹ŵ׷˹
һˣ˫ٶȾȻ磬һ̱ǰס

ٶʩչͨؾǿӵеųֱӽǱ˫֮ڡ
ޡȽȥ
˵⻰ֱӽһƣͬһǧöʯƽ޹ŵ֮С
Ȼһ̣ͷؾǿȴҲ׷һ봳޹ŵУҲµ޹ŵ϶Ƿ˱ʡеǣ³ʲô⣡
ɱ֣ȴһ̻Ӷ˫֣һɫէ֣ؾǿȫУ
һӦԹ޻ڡ
ȻԵսȻһ漴ļսȻҲԱѡһԱ
ؾǿߵԱأѾɵԶ޹ŵ䱬Ѹ͵Զ
ԭ׷ɱ޹ŵؾǿߣȫһƬɫԱΧ֮УöûʲôϢ
ƬɫԱƣҲڰдá
ֱһʱ޹ŵеҲɽȵӰӣɫƶڸ߿֮УΪؾǿľ졣

޹ŵڡ
һ𣬲ٿ޹ŵűѸټɹȥһСʱо˷ⶫٶȣȻ۵ٶȻҪᴩ޿ֻҪһʱ͹ˡ
˵Ҫ뿪ջʳķΧʱ㹻ˣʱ䣬Ҳ֪ܷ֮׷
ȥٿذɡ
ܵͷ̲ס濵ˣΪ˸׷Ա˵
˵ȥοοϵ𣿡
濵˵һ͵ˣһСŮȥοûʲôãһ˰ͺˡ
һ룬оҲԣҲûж˵ʲôˡ
޿ǧöƵʯ޹ŵ֮󣬲ŷȻΪ˸Ƕϳ֮ǣѡԱսؾǿ߶סˡ
㲻ɱԷҲ϶Ǽһˣʱڲ׷޹ŵļٶȣܿܽںͷ
޿֪ȥҲ޼£һ⣬ֻܶ޹ŵУ˸ڣȥˣ濶һ档
ԴˣȻЩƣҪ֪޹ŵУŲٲĲأЩһлߵͨǿڡ
ңļһ¹ȶͶΪջʳ߹Ӧò֪£̫ܲá
֪֮󣬿»һЩõ˼濱ֹУõİ취ǽֱˡ
޹ŵУŲٴջʳģӽŵţЩһҲһ°ĺܣûѡֻܽһ򾡵ġ
ƾ濺ǵ֣ҪЩ޹ŵеĶҪһЩʱ䡣
ҪԸֵĻɱܽЩһˡ
Աȴߵ飬Ǿֻ濽аȥˣĦի졢ɴͶһĴ֣ЩʣµļһһԸĻܹġ
ƿ޹ŵ濺Թŵ󷨺ͻѾָƣȻ֪Щдļһڱںδ
ʱһ䣬ֻٶ뿪ջʳˡˣȰӺͳŪһչΡ
Ȼ뵽ʲôһԵ﹵ͨ޹ŵӵšڵĵط
ٴһ㽫˷ֱͨռ͵Լߡ


570 С
šˣ绹ߣԷսʱ򣬵һ޿δǺսǼڸԶռ
˳ԣһ۱㿴һʱ˶˲٣ǴԶ̤˽پĲΣһ̤쾳ﵽ
Ȼ㲻ʲôѰ˵Ѿ൱ˣϾǱҲһµʱ䣬Ͷ磬ԴļսЩϵļ
˵һȻ׼Сˡ
νСӣȻҪ޹ŵлŵջʳޣԼ޿вֵꡣ
¹ŽеȻеԼأĻΪ˴롣
޿ˣΪ˱ǶԱ˵ս£ȻκвԼߡ
һأ
СӵѡܿˣҪѸ޹ŵеĵˣ㹻ߵСӲС
ԭ޿һһţĦի죬԰Ӱħ٣Դ֪ӰħѾջʳ֮󣬶ջʳĳͷˡ
ô֮ˣԼţ϶ǻģرڻ縸һ
Ҫ޹ŵڵջʳޣĦիһͬ⡣
иȥȻĵͨȴģܹѸٸˣսòСҪ֪ʲô˶һԵĵġ
濵ȻҲһţ޿ʱ˿̣ƽǰְȥˣȡ֮ǵĸ֮·
޹ŵЩļһĵһ
֮⣬Слһͨǿߣһɴ˺濹ϵȽУսҲвϡ
Ͳȥμˣ߲εս޷ͷž֮ʱ򣬸κã罻Ħիȥѹˡ

Ħի濵˳֮Դ޹ŵУȥʱ䣬˵òһ㣬С¡
벻Ҿ޹ŵ໥ϣ˵ֻǺһͬƿأоҲӵĸоЩơ
뿪֮㿪ʼ˼Լڵ״
޹ŵϣ밵ӰԵϳ̶ֱһΣ仯ʯģɼ޹ŵĺıʯһû
ʯҲǴļƷεս
밵Ӱϣʩչκ밵Ӱص似ͨǿκһ˵ﵽͨؾ֮󣬳ͨĲ֮⣬ҪĻԵϣһﵽ弶ϣֶܹΣӳѰͨǿƻ
ڵңҪıͨҵĵһͨȻǴӾ֣ҵͨӣֱͨӱǵĲΣһͨļһҶܹĶԸܹԿĵͨǿߣ
ԼʵżΪʶȻĺʱ
ͨԼ޹ŵϣ۲޹ŵÿһ䣬֪޹ŵڻжټһҪԸԼ˶ֲʲôط
սĶʮУв˲ɽȵޣ޿ء
ңǵļѾȫջʳͳ֮£Ҳ֪ʲôĿѣǽձҵĻѾ㲻ˣµı¹ԭ޿ŵӶᡣ
˴֪¹Ⱥһ𣬳Ϊջʳ߹ʼӶ޿ޡ
ԣ˶ڳ¹ȶǼΪʹޣ濴ȥɱ˳¹Ҳ顣
Ǽһ㲻ҲìܵĽ㣬Ǽȥûκκô

Ħի޹ŵдУܿҵ˱һõĳѸײڶ֮ƽɱ
֮ǰ濴ƽֵĳΧʱ򣬻ûκλ֮ں濶Կʱ򣬱Ħիֱ͵ϮɱĿ
ţСǰطʼԸջʳЩš
Щһԭӽһȡ޹ŵĿȨģ˭뵽ӾȻͷ
濺ĦիЩһﶼܼųһʱ䡣
У濶ĵҲѸٱԽԽ̣밵Ӱĵ弶ϣԿʼֻ֮ǿֶΣһʱ򵽵ġ
֪Ʒôˡ
̲ס뵽˸䡢ְ뿪ķƷ塢ܰջīһˣ뿪޿ⶼһʱȥˣӦѾջʳķΧ
ûʲôĻһ·϶ܹǣԷӦջʳԵش޹ŵĵȻһ뱱ѩʳ

һһҹ
޹ŵջʳˣԼ޿Գ¹ȵѱţѾСӳնɱ
ͬڣպʣʮˣ޹ŵУűѩʳٷȥ
һǻ͹һ㣬ãȱ˸Ǹ
ǱǸˣСֵܣӦ㣬ȵ޴ѡ֮ȥ㸸ףֻϧڷ¶
ԴΪΡ
ǰ黳
ˣɫҲЩ
޿ջʳռ죬ʣµЩˣɱջʳӣ϶ջʳжҪٻص޿Χϼѡ
͵ɻ޿ķΧ֮ڣ͵ϣʶѣϣǲҪʲôźá
֮ǰ޹ŵеҲùŵ󷨣̽һ͵ϵ޿֮£ûʲôȥ͵Ұ
ȶ֮ΣͲ˵ˡ
ڡƹҡ
žâֻϧڵû㹻ʵȥҲֻ
ջʳڣյ칲ǧ˵͵һѰĸյ죬Ҳȥʲôġ
Դյ죬ط̬ȶһģǾǿеų˱ֻ
ģָյ죬ջʳûʲôôЩͨؾ޽УѰһЩϧ֮ģҲûʲô̫Σ
ҡҡͷʱ׵Ժ
Сֵܣ츳֮ߣǰδڣһ飬֪ɷӦ
Уֻڡ
ôһ˵Щɻ󣺡ǰ˵ɣֻҪʲôΥԭ飬Ҷܽܡ
ҿɾֱ˵ˡ
޿һԥȻʲô⣬СŮðչˣȻһЩԿ϶ĳɾͣԲ֮£


571 
ⷬЩơ
չ濣
ƾͣ濡չˡǲˡ
Ҫҳһ죬ȻҪġ
ֻøЦһ˵
ѾĵͨΪ߳أҪԷô׵飿
ο濱츳ҲҲ˵һĴˡ
˵δ̫ϣΪ飬Ҫȥ˵ҲģԴСҽ͵ʼѾԼѡ
Ҫôһ죬ȻĿΣա
⻰˵꣬ܵһЩԾĵطɫ΢΢һ䡣
ãһǿƴӺͷ׷ջ׷ˣ
ȻҪջ׷Ļ޹ŵУҲֻһȥԷˣ
Ȼ໹Ǻܴ󣬵Ҫ޹ŵȫ뿪ջʳȥӭΨһİ취
Ůһ֮޹ŵٶȡڱȳȥջʣ
ʱһ˵վ
ǰջʿɱ߳һؾ磬Ҫ¶ģҺͿһԣܷ߶޹ŵֵԷ
΢üͷ˵
ˣ޹ŵ㹻ǿƾСѾͷ޷ӳаٷ֮һջʣǵñԳˣ
ű־һĨȻ֮ɫ
Ϊ˱޹ŵ˶ԱսҲûʲôԴȥջʮҲҪȥԣ
Ϊ޹ŵлŮ޿ʣµһţ޿˵ϣرĦի졢濺ˡ
겻ͣҪһ;һûôף޹ŵйӲдпܺǣȥƴһѣֻҪܹջ׷ʱ䣬Ǿ㹻ˡ

ʱ򣬴޹ŵ˷͸һŭֱ֮ĶĤҪ
Уۻ̺ŭһ·͸޹ŵ֮Уɼ߶ķߺޡ
ͨ޹ŵͷĳ
޹ŵԼٶȣͬһɫڸ߿мǰУͷȴһ貵Ľɫâ׷
貽ɫâ±ջˣ
ؾһαȥĲαǻʾջʱҪǿһΣǴӴʱֵƾͿԿˡ
ҪǺջϣһ涼û취֧
ջʣͳջʳ֮˵ǿջΪ׷ɱȫҪв֮˶ŰɱŽͷ֮ޡ
˭˱ʵս壬ս㲻
ջʵһ͸޹ŵ͸˹ŵ˵ģ𺳡
ջʵ޹ŵ˶ۼ˶ЩֽţȻջĿֲǿߣҲԶԶס档
λҪţձƴջ׷޹ŵ
дصɫ˵

С濶ʱվ˳˫ǲᡣ
ѾͷֻѡȻջ׷Ļ˶Ҫһˣˣôֵõġ
ڽϺ£¶һźΪƵӵдų谮ȻŮǼΪάġ
Ҫ˱ŮұضҪۣ
һ˵ţһ߽һǧöʵʯȡ˳ݸ濣Ѿͷ֮һǧöþʯھͽˡģˣ
£ͻȻһռĺȻ˴ǰʧ
ڴ˹ȥȴֻ˸գһ̧ͷͨ޹ŵ˹ŵ֮⡭
£ȴµ̷ڷң޹ŵǰһ֣۳һƬ޺ơ
ƷΧѸܿ񷣡
ɫĹâӺ֮вӣĺҲôһȻջʵĽɫסˡ
ͬʱ߶޹ŵԼٶȳűȥ
֪ҪҪ濣Լ޹ŵе˻Ψٶ뿪ջʳȥѩʳľڲС
еȻܣ£Զԣ߿˵Ϊͱǿһ̶ǲֶεġ
濲δֹ߶޹ŵƬ֮󣬱һתĵ޹ŵǰٶȴ߶˼¡
ȻҲӦôźá
뿴Ҳûκãװ
Ϲżս޹ŵδƿذٷ֮һʱջǰûκв

޹ŵԶȥΪȡ˺ܶʱ䣬һһҹ󣬼Ҫջʳı߾ˣһƬ貽ɫģִ߸ֳ
׷ˡ
޹ŵУ濶һۣ֪ڴһˡ
ڣѾûΪȥջʣ
һ뵽Ѿ˲⣬ܲܣģֻмǿĻȥǿȻʸ
ٶȣ
濣ͬʱ߶޹ŵʹ䳯ջʳ߾Ѹټɶȥ
֣һ·ϣûʲô˳ǣ˵ջʿ϶ͷϢ;ļǲŶԡ
ڣµĸȥüͷ΢˵
룬ûǵԭӦ
ȥԣһۻδԳĿĦիȻ˵š
漴˱ͨճͼ޹ŵ֮⣬һƬŨħͻȻȶ𣬾ȻһؾǿߣȻֵֵƬ貽ɫĵĸǰ
ǡӰħٵ
ȥɫ΢䣬ɫΪصһԵĦի죺ĦⰵӰħٵʦ𣿡
ʦ𡭡߰ɡ
ĦիУ͸һɲ֮ɫ
벻ʱ̣Ȼʦ֣Ϊջʵ׷ɱҪʦ£Ӱħٿ±ֻʣĦիһˣ
Ȼ޿ڻвٰӰħǿߴҪ˰Ӱħ٣ȴΨĦիһ߿ܡ
ʱͬĦիʦʱ򣬶ûܺĦի˵һ仰
ɭȻħ죬ӿĽƬ貽âסˣ޹ŵ˶Ĭˡ
λؾǰǿߣȻΪЩСԸԼȥֵԲƥеջʡ
֪λؾǿߣǶôЩС
ˣܵ˼ѹĺأջҪ޿ֿʼˣעҪ縺һЩرĶ
ٶȱѩʳı߾ǰˡ
濶һۣԴ߶޹ŵűѩʳĹȼ˹ȥ


572 
һȻΰڵãмɶ
޹ŵ뿪һ·ϣаӰħҲĦիʦǰͷԲûʲôգӰħٵסջʣŵ޹ŵ뿪ջʳķΧ
￪ʼǱѩʳˡ
ͨ޹ŵΧΧܿһƬѩأǱѩʳأҲǵһ޿Ļʳ
Ȼ֪յһ뱱ѩʳıѩһι£˶ûѡֻѩʳջʵ׷ɱ
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ţ޹ŵһ뵽һƬѩص
뿪ջʳĵˣôһͷһγԶţĻڴ
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СΪԱѩʳûκ˽⣬ֻǱѩʳıԵҪջ׷Ļһ޷ѡ
ĦիһԴ˹
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ɴӴ֮˽ֱǰ֮ǰл㽫ͻ黹ңǷһ顣
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΢΢һЦ˰֣Ȼɫ΢䣺ѩʳˡ
仰ڳɫһ䣬漴ͼȥȻһֻ޴ı񣬴Զ߷˹
ڱ󣬻Ӱ²аʮˣÿһ϶ɢżΪǿƣ붼ͨؾǿߣ
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޹ŵϣһ±ͨ޹ŵܵ˴ͷϴ硣
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ȷһʼһ޿û˵ѣѩʵ޻ޣ
磬Ȼ޵Ļʳ۹ȻҲ޵Ĺȣⱱѩʳƺ֮һ
ֻ޿뱱ѩʳȽԶջʳڣӴκջʳĶڳȫû˵ѩʳκ
ϣ޵Ҫٵö࣬ڸ棬ȴ޶٣ΪرгɵޣԶƾãܹ̤߲εĿԣȻҪ߳١
վߣǿɻ˵һ䡣
š
˵ͷʾףжδ飬һЩӦе׼
һⱱѩʳǸ޵ĹȣôЩ޽϶̫ãٻ֮ǰ޿Ҫöࡣ
Ȼܱȱջ׷ɱã·ȥ±ѩʳǸ޹ȣҲһ˵ˡ
ͷ߷ܿ޹ŵϿղԶֵǣͷȴûп޹ŵһֱۣ޹ŵ֮ȥ
ѩŵرѩʶ
һϵŮͷϴ˸ϵ£ҲȻ濵ˡ
رѩʶ
ݲ濷ͷϰͨؾޣؾǿߣ׷׳޹ŵӵ
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ͷڣǲѵ˵ˣԷҪʲô⣬˶ƬѩУ޹ŵᱻͷߡ
ԭЩ̫ģһ̣Ƿ뿪ĵط㴫һصĺƺʲôǿǸˡ
ջʣȻԽ׷ˣ
һʱȻ˫˸żΪ𾪵ɫ
ԭͷǸǵֵջʡɱջʵ׶ӣӣȻô׾ͷŹǣԽ׷Ҳ飬Ҫͷ᧿Σˡ
Ҳɫ΢䣬Ҳû뵽ͷȻҪΪջʡ
Ȼˣҿɾܷˡ
긵ȥ˿һ˴Уӻȡһֻζĳ
һɵ̬ҲΧĶ鲻Խ
ǾؾӽŵĶţ־ôЩҪͰӰؾǿƴջʣ˶Ѿ˻Ȫ
Щľһֱţֱʱǿֵסջʣų׷
ջʳͱѩʳ߾紦ʾǿ߽Ҽսѩ׷ɣɫţƬضΪսɫ
ⳡսľΣûκܹ֪
ǣҲܿͱƬ򣬳űѩʳشɹȥ

ʱ
չǰģһɱѩɵĽ׳УмΪΰģɽȻҪʮֹ
ڣ濵˳޹ŵУԶԶߣеľͷ
ӴǰЩѩ޿е֪ǱѩʳĶǣѩʶˡ
һԶߴ֮ǰͷ޴񣬾Ȼ߼ٷ˹ٶȫ֮ǰ׷ɱ˵ջʡ
ӦþǱѩˣ
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ŵеˣɣŵʱڻʶϿձɡ
֮ǰһŮӱϴǾ޴̼㻯ΪһɫȹŮɵ޹ŵڴ
ŮԼŶʮӣĳЩ˵ǻ꣬Ҳֻ൱޵Ķʮˣ޷²Է䡣
Ů£޹ŵǿıѩӰ£ڱѩʶϿͣ
ţ濱뿪޹ŵȻѾĿĵأ޹ŵҲûʲôãЩ뱱ѩʳǼһ档
Ϊף޹ŵڴ߳ͬ޹ŵǰܹʮ޿ţĿͶ˸ǰɫȹŮ
Ůһֻ޴ıޣʱڣ㽫׷ɱջʸȥ
ʾǿߡ
ж֪⿴Ů֮˵ʵ뿪޹ŵʱ򣬻̲סЩŵġ
˴ŮʱŮȻҲɨһۣĿĦիϸͣƬ̣ƺΪȤӡ


573 ֮
Ǳشţַëĸо·ʲôԷƵġ
ĦիһƺЩ첻µز£ǰһºˣ
˭Ǻܿͻ֪ġ
ǱŮЦһ汾ɣˣԼڻʶͷҸطסţջͷӿɲ׷ˣʲôĻʱػʿ
仰һɫ׵ԣһ־ӸµĿ⣬ɨһۣȻûǷ
꣬ȻҲһؾǿߣȻŮһǻʾǿߣҲӵкһʵ
ȻҪĻΪС
Ůһ˵ţһָɴһȥһȺʮ˵Щ˾ͽˣ㰲žǣ÷ŵȥǸʶ֮۸ˣϾЩĸĹ֮󡣡
ĸĹ֮
⼸֣һ˵ŮȻǱѩʣֻǱѩʵŮ
ĸĹˣȻ˵ĵһ
յһѣȻһͷŮ
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ǱŮ˻ͣԭأЩͷĴߴһȥöء
⻰һĥȥö
룬ǱŮǰҲûκηȥȻһǱѩʵĹˣôЩ޿ӦöΣղŶԡ
ͼְǴŵһȺˣֻҪûʲô⣬ӦѩʶŶԡ
Ů漴濺ĦիҲԸϣȻҲһ̬
ǱѩʶĺɽУÿ궼һЩ֮ú֮޻ޣܹǿԺԵһЩ򡭡Ȼû򺮱Եú֮ȴҲܹǿһЩԺĵĵֿԡ
һǰͷ·һߵ˵ĸԸˣ˴޿ˣ츳ߵʸȡһö֮ӴԺĸλ˱御ˣǣҲʲôչˡ
⻰˵꣬һݣ׶Էʲô㡣
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Ӵ֮󣬱ѩʽЩ޿ˣ
ȻҲ̫ģǱѩʳ˵ȻҲ٣ڻʶڣǿҵܶͬ飬պ·ҪôߣȫԼˡ
Ů˵
γƺ
һ䡣
ġ
Ůδֱ˵Լա
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лǰҶԺĲϤǺ֮Ҳֻ˷ѣǲҪ˵ĺá
˵⻰ȫ˱ŮĵԤϡ
˵㲻Ҫ֮ˣ
ͣһ˫纮һ͸żΪɫ
˵ԭˣֻǴеͬ˼ôڣȴѾһ˿ȤؾСӣƺѰ˲̫һأ
ĴȻҲڴġ
Ůűɫĳȹһѩ׵˫ȴ¶ͷһ
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Ͼ޻ΪΣ̬֮Ȼ˼֮ǼΪС濣˲١
⺮֮ҲҪ
Ŀԣ˫еľ棬ȴһ㶼ûԥ
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ÿ˵һ䣬㳯һ˵ʱļѾǰ΢˫ۣζ˵ܹлԵģɲʲôѰ֮߱磬˶һݣ
ȷҪ⺮֮ˣ
Ľһһٵʵ
Ҫ
Ҳ۾˵֮ô󣬶Ǳѩʳ˵ӦøŶԣҿɾ̫˷ˡ˷ôһö֮ѻø˸һЩ
ҶøУʹشˡ
˵ö֮ĸԸ͸˵ġҪұ㽫͸޿˺ˡ
ˡ
ȴЦһЦҲøУҲҪֻ֮ΪԼˡ֮ûãңҲȡġҳѩʳ޸ֻؾĲΣź֮ȥ˽Σ
Ȼˣһ罫֮ǣǸ׼һЩ£˵𣿡
ŽԼĿȷ˵˳
ԣΪ֮һ㶣漴̲סЦԭˣԭˣ뵽ģôܻ˲Ҫ֮ȻĻԼ֮ˣҪʲô뱾˵˵ֻҪֵ̫Ҫ󣬱ﶼ㡣
ҵҪܼ򵥣ڸǿ˵϶׾ٱܰ쵽ˡ
˵ǰһ޿ȥһյϵյأ̽һҸ׵٣
ǰ޿
ⷬ濺ĦիԶЩ𾪣벻뿪ջʳȥˣ̽٣ǡײʧٶʮ
ڻȥΣԴ˵ûʲôҵ׵Ŀԣ
ص޿㸸ףȷ
۾һϸ
һβ´ԭΪҪú֮һһЩսҩ֮Ķȴû뵽ôһҪ
ȻȷȷĻҲὫҪˡ
΢Ц˵
ܺãڱ˶ԣһˣܵõһö֮⡭㣡
תȥȻˣ׼׼ɣ²˳٣ҳ


574 µ
ѩʶ
ķֿ֮󣬺ܿͼͼְɣԼջʳķƷˡ
˶ȫĳ˱ѩʶͷˡ
طǺãضޣֻϧ򺮱ģʣһǺͻ׺һЩ
һѩصͥԺУͷ̾
˰ɣһǲˣ˵ɽеޣҪǱɱˣǱǿȽ˼ǧöձңǿǺüö켶ҩء
һĳ򣬺ٺЦ֪ϵܣȫޣ˵㻹ҵ氮ء
˵硣
һ⻰ȥģͻȻһۼԱ뵽ʲô磬˵ҪĻȥջʳȥ͵㸸ף

˳һۣ˵ͷ˷ȥĴţջ֣Ҳô׵飬ڴ֮ǰսպˡ
һ˵ţһ߽ӵĴļƷսȡ˳ݸ˳
Ʒ൱սȻȲУţܷӲСá
Ѱ˵ܵõļƷսһӶԺˡ
Ҫ֪ջʵǿսڶջ˵һ
ţⶫϣԼսǿһְ֣Σʱ̻óֶ
תһ룬˴Ҫȥ͵ϵĻջʼǲ̫
Ҫûн壬ôջ˵Ҳߵ޿еһ
ĴţջʿҲûôᶨҪ˼Ӧûٲ鷳
ҪϴŽ壬ʾͲһˣҪջ֪ɱӳˣս壬ĻţҲһս
ջʳڣôǿվҪԿģˣ罫ȷ
ⶫң
ǽɫݹɰ˰֣ЦЦôõĶҿɾ˷ˣοѾдļս˫ˡⶫ粻ȥ˿
Ҳá
һջ˽
Գ˵ӵ̫ļսûʲôôϾսδû
ƥǺġ
ԣȸҪһЩԺõļսĻᲢ٣ʱ򣬳ǵӦˣٸǸõս١
վãһ;˭ҪĶԼ
ٶսԼŬĻһ;Ҳվ޷̫߳Զ
ˣ硣
ʱͻȻվ˵ȻҪȥ͵һΣҲһ˰ɡħڵż޿ıҪβȥ´ξûʲôˡ
⣬ҵĲУֶΣһӦò⡣
üͷ΢˵ֻǣһǰżʲôɣڵ޿ɲȣѾջʳһջʳ޵Ѳߡ
Ӧûʲô⡣
һЦİ磬һֱ㣬ôܣͷҪɢˣλȥ޿պɽǡ
Ҳá
΢̣ûж˵ʲôˡ
֮·վֻԼȥߡ
ţһ
˵ԶҲʼӻվҪһԼ֮·
֮·Ҳ࿲ȻΣⶼԼ֮·
žҪȥʱѾ˾ģҪһԼ֮·
Ȼз籩ħôǰħżһ̽Ҫ¡
ŵľóҲ΢Щ˼
ڣһµĻѩʳУ˭ԼҪȥ
ڸ޿ɲô׾ܸ㶨ģ̤֮ʾ֮ǰ붼ȥ顣
ˣһµĻȻûʲôѣ໥仹ܹġ
ڱѩʳŬ͵ҲʲôҪ˵𣬿±ûıӻҪǰһЩԴÿ˶ԼȥŬȡˡ
˱ѩʳСݣûκá
ܹģֻԼﵽĵͨΪԼͰӰĵ弶ϣ
ƾһ㣬濾Լ϶ܹ𣬸
֮УĦիڷ˺֮ʧˣΪһѾߵͨǿߣ˵Ҫıͻƾ磬̤ؾ
һ㣬Ǻ濵һ𣬸ܣΨȥ㹻սпܵõͻƺ
պã˱ѩʳĦի죬ܹ޿ʱҵ֣
ѩʳǿƣ˿ջʳò
˵ǻ˸˵ﲻһ
֮УͨؾǿߣѾڴ̽һ±ѩʳµĻ˵һҲ˵
ؾޣڱѩʶҲ޾ĻᣬҪ֪ѩʳҲǱضǿߣؾޣڱѩʶҲ
ңѰؾƷǻһƣǾǱһ塣
ȻǲؾȴǴջʳ޿ģ
ҪǷƷͷ۸ǿ϶˵ͨؾڱѩʶ㲻ʲôƾڵʵؾǿ֣߳ǾѹƲסġ
ܹܿʩչַôؾ֮£͸޵ˡ
ػʿ˰һܴĸۡͥԺͥԺ˵ķչΪ޸
µ㣡
Ϊףڱѩʶбһţ淢չȥʲôѵ顣

ڶ죬뿪ʱ޸ڵѾһƬ
޹ŵ濶ֻǳϣ޷£ֻʱ䰲ڱѩʹϿա
ѩʹͷĶѩʶû˸Ҷָָ㣬һ°ˡ
λͦ͵ģôͰ޸ȶˡ
Ĵţ΢΢һЦ˵Ʈɢһ㣬Ƣˬ
ȴûн仰תƻʵǾǰջʳջʻ᲻ʱջʳڴĻ¶㲻
ĺˡ
һЦϼһϴһսҵĶֱ֣ӻȥˣ˲ˣ˶ӣս˵˵ջϼһﶼǵĿ
ɶһЩǰġ
ԣɫЩȻ
뵽Ӱֵ̳ջʣ֮ǰԱһ·ϣ޿ֻһЩǰҪôˣҪôǷջʵͳΡ
ˣݱ۲죬ЩС츳в˽ϣԽջϼһʱҪ𻹲ֵ¡
ЦЦˣ߰ɡ
һ̧֣һ󺮷Ʈ𣬱ѩ׷ɣһŷգϱջʳڵĵطȥ


575 ط
ջʳԭ޿Ҳڵġħʿ
ţһ·ˣʱ䣬Ȼ˵ջʿ϶֪ǹȴδȷɡ
ͰӰǰûаװ
š
ջ׷ѩʳսʱ򣬾Ѿ״̬ͰӰɵˡ
ʵջʵҲǸš
һߴ˼ɣһ˵ֻϧջʳ֮Уֻһܳס棬ĺ󱲣вҲһûУе츳ҲһѲŰ֪ߵغ¿̬վ֮·ߵ̫Զ
ԣ˵ͷȴδ˵
֮·ⷽ棬ԼʵҲŸո𲽰ˣûʲôʸȥбˡ
˵Ǹżλãǰˣͷȥɡ
ĺȻָ̧֣ǰһƬïܴ֣˵
лǰ
ų˵ģΪġ
ʵ㲻ôֻͬˣ֮·һˡ
΢΢һЦ
ͬˣ
ԣ¶֮ɫ벻ôŶʮﵽؾ̤˻ʾ
ˣŰֻ֮꣬󣬿Ƚϰˡ
Цҡͷ
¾ˣĲŰꣿ
Ļʾǿߡ츳жô죿
ǻţ
Ŀ˱飬̲סꡱһЦ漴һ̧֣ȥɣǵԼСģϣټ㡣
仰ޱȵű㱻ȥֱŷ籩ħżڵƬֵС
ÿ˶ԼĻԵ֮·ҲͬҲ̫ˣרעԼȽϺá
ļЩɫһ¡
š
ԣ΢˵ͷջ˶ŵĵ֮ġ
ȷΪ磬ѣҲֻ֮·ϵģÿ˵һ·ȥѡ
Ϊÿ츳ͬʵٶȲͬһ죬̫֮˫Ѿͬһˡ
˫궼ǳӣУԽԽʵҲܽ˺÷顣
߰ɣ˵͵ĸλã
ļͷ˫¶ɫСӵûз
ߡ
˵һ䡣
ΪʾĳǿߣٶȼΪֲڿмٶȿʮֹ
ֻʱ䣬˴ӱѩʶյ޿ٻʱѾ͵ĲԶ
ڸ߿УΧƣ縲ǵĸ͵Щ
뿪͵ʼɳ࣬ʱ˻ΪԸپǿߣһ򵥵¡
ȻڣȴѾ̤پĲΣҾͨؾҲֻһսͨѫɱ
ڵ͵ϣ˵ûһĶˣ
λɲ鷳ģѰԼټģڵİٲ֮⣬һؽ׳أʮǰĸףǱȽ׳УѶȫޡ
Ѱ޿׳صУûмʬ֮ǰվѾˡ
ÿδԽ磬ʵж룬˭Щյ졣
Ĵǰ˫иֳһ˿Ȼ˵Уܹһյ죬Щ죬ΪѹһԶŵǿڣҲ֪ǲġģԶŴھжôǿҪ˴ֱʵѹӡ
⻰뵽˾֮
Ĳ䣿
һʵ
Ĳ䣿
ȴü΢һ˼ҡҡͷû˵ѵ˵ʲôĲ䣬Щյйأ
ǵǣֻǰһ˵ƺһǿ磬һĲ䣬ǾĲ䣬֮ǰΪǿҲ֪ǲġ
ҡҡͷ˵һ¡
ôǿĴڣһǻ䡣
̧ͷ֮ϣΪ¶֮⣬⣬ޱءҪ˵̺ط챮ȻĻôеĿӡǴõԴͷĶ
ĻδȴҲ˼
ıԴ֪ĶȻҪһЩȴҲ٣֪һ֮䣬֮ԴĴڡ
ԴͷȻ֮Դȫ֪֮Դʲôһط
ֻ֪ĴڣмϴλΪе
Ȼ⣬ؾĿֲޣֻҪһֱ̧ܽۺһЩϣȻƳϹżս
ַǳԽ˵ģҲ֪ʲôĴڣʲôϵ
׼Խˡ
ĵ漴һ磬ХŴΪʾǿߣĵȫᱻˡ
һѩ׷ܣαУŰХȫ˺ǡ
ڲȷ׳Ķֻôǧенٶȼ죬Ȼ˿ܵӰ졣
ֻХûãһƬΪ񱩵׹֮С
Ǳ׳˰ɣ
˵ţ˫оâһ׳صȤе˿񱩣ҪУЩѹɣ뿪ҶԽУʲô֣ȥ㣡
£һ̧㴴һƬѩ׷ɵϣΧ磬һ·£ܿ㵽ǰİٲڡ
磬Ҳİٲ֮ŻŰİٲ֮ڣһжǷƽ˾Χһѩϣطʹ½ϣ
׳أȻҪ붼ѹҸȻĻἫΪãˡ
ţЩʧҲ֪ʲôʱŻҼȻȻȥɳǿ
ĸףһֱڻɳ֮УҲ֪ˣ˱֮⣬ʹ½ϵѣҲȥ̽һ
رǴƹڣУǣŲ˵ġ
츳Եʣ̫˲ܹͨ޴ѡõ뿪͵Ļᣬֻ͵ϡ
δ̤ͨؾܴ뿪̽һˣ˷һҲǺõġ
ȥɳǡ
˾㳯ӡлɳǵķ򼲷ɶȥ
ͻһٶ֮δɳǵӰӣȴͻȻһȺؾޣǰͷһ·׷ɱһӰܿҪǰ
Ȼ
һǱ׷ɱ֮ˣɫ΢΢һ䡣


576 ջʾ
ǰ׷ɱޣȻ֮ǰǺҶֵ֮һž
ʱڻɳǵʱ򣬺͹žֵܽ໥ҲЩ飬ֵܣҶּᶨƵ֧ߡ
ȴû뵽Ȼֵ֮һĹžҹžڱһȺ׷ɱ
׷ɱžһȺˣȺ˾ȻֲͬķΣַΣȻ˺ܾãܹϳ
ڣȣǹȻŵ׷ɱž
һȻԹۣ϶ҪžȻʲôġ
ıϢʩչȺŵ޺͹žȫֻһӰһʧˣΪԼۻأûô⡣
ܹˣÿ涼ˣһִ˾ޡ
ľŸһ˵һвûеġ
˸һ̱ϢȺ˵ĸǰǾ˷׷״߶ط׷ɱžȥʱһ̧֣Ծĵʩչ⣬һеؼĺͨ似
һ̣ⱬɢ᳹գ̼佫Ǿֱû˺˳֮Уֲӿգۼ佫Ǿȫնɱ
գ
ֳһ̧֣Ǿʬ˽ȥ˵ǻʬ𼣵ļð취

žԭǰƴӴܣȴͻȻܵһֲ󱬷
ԭΪ׷ɱľҪˣȴɻǾ˲Ӧܱ˿ֲŶԡ
ֱعͷżȻһϤӰ˲佫Ǿնɱһʬˣ
ң֣Ϊλᱻ׷ɱ
˵ͷȻŹž˹ȥһ䣺ûĻЩһԲڡȺ;ǹţ
ǡ
žȷ֮ϸֳһĨϲ֮ɫһۼھȻӵپΪɸӾϲˡ
գ˳ʱ򣬾ܹ˻۷ǿߣȻô̤پˣֻһܳʹ½ȥڵӵֲʵ
ƾڵҪԸǸһƺδ
Щ죬ʹ½Ϸʲô𣿡
üͷ΢ʵ
Ҳŷġ
žԣЦһϣһǿߴʹ½֮˵˶ҪҪšڡȺ;ǹܿΪǳǿߵ߹¹ȱ̬ͬ⡭
¹һҹ֮㱻ǳǿ߸ѹ¹Ůȫ˵Ľ˽죬ǳǿ֮߱ˣɳʩѹûɳǳ
ڱɳҪӳɳǣʵҳһЩ֮ˡ
ž˵ЩΪ꣺ڿʹ½ȫᱻŪָ֮ˣ
жΪ
üͷһʵ
Ȼ˴Ҫͳ͵飬κһͨؾǿ˵ɾǣԭ޿µĸյȫɵģ޿ձջʳͳΣѵЩһĹس
ΣĿŶԷͳ͵ҪǶԷ粻ͨĻƾܽԷˡ
ʻžһЦǿɲ֪ΪΣֻ֪پǿǰȫһɳǼһ𣬿¶Էһָͷѹġ
ԣЩƣȷ͵ϵޣ֪ͨؾΪ˼ؾ磬ʹžȫǰʵġ
ǼͨǿߣܹѹɳǵģӹžĻУȫ²ԷΪ
ȥɣ˵ܶԸǼһ
ֱ˵Թž˵ĸױڻڻɳǣӶ飬Ψǰ̽һ飬Ȼ㣡
ܹԸǱֱӶԸˣҪǶԷ̫ǿǶֵĻҲ㹻ֶӦԡ
֮ܶöԷ͵Ұ
ҲپΪû취ԸǼһģѰپǿҪǿҲǿô࡭ҿôģͻô뿪ɣҪװڴ˶
žҪȥǴʹ½֮ĳǿߣɫһ䣺ǲһ츳ߣһܳΪǿߣɲʲô⡭δ̤۷壬ԸǱͺܲˣ
֣˵ʲôϻѵǱɣ
ԣǲˣȴȥôʱٿﻹڻɳǣͷڹ겻ɣ
Ҳԡ
žһ뵽ĸױεҡҡͷ
ȷڻɳǣǻɳǱƣҲʲôýչȥġ
ǣǰ˻ɳǣѵͻתɣ
ô˵žǴӦҪһȥɳǣȥǴʹ½߶ĳǿߡ

ɳǡ
һɳɵӴճǳأѾϰ֮ãԴӳɳǳɳɳǻͷһ𶥵Σ
ȻһԽؾǿڣʹ½Ҫͳʹ½ûɳ˱ʾӣ
ɳڴԲڡȺ;ǹŵŵӡͳϵˣһãΪĸһ
꣬ɢżΪۻƣһԶԶپεĳǿߡ
ֻվһ˫гŶԳ˵ͲмϽɢһɫΣҫĿۣϴһȻɱ
ˣջʳʾһ죬ӵͨΪ͵ĵطΪѾ㹻ѹˡ
ɳǣڷǲҲ뽫ˡɳǵĳɳԪٲͶڱ㽫ɳǸ׺ˣ
ӣΪջʾһ죬˵͵ˣǵ֮ǰ޿УǰȻκޡ
ջʾɽջʣʾεǿߣջʳĵۻʣ
˭ջʾǺջԣ֪ڣ޿ǰҲǲֵġ
ȻջʾУֻǸСŵģȴջʾƺϣκð
λǰһɳǣԸͶ
ǽ귢ͨ뺵ʱ򣬻ɳ˵ʾԸͶջʾĽ졣
ԸͶˣϺϣ̫ϳϣȻǶپΪջʾĽ죬ȴֽͬһ㣬ȫһ
£翹ûκ壬ѡΨг
Ҳʱں͹žһ𣬻ص˻ɳǸԶԶλ̫ϳϷͶ


577 ɱ
ڻɳλ̫ϳϷͶûʲô뷨Ͼڻɳ˵ջʾĽ죬ȷǲսʤģֿȥĻ»ʧࡣ
ڻɳǰģֻͶһ·ߣ
ȻԶԶջʾֻ֮ͨ󣬾ȻûɳͳΡ
žĻⲻҪ̫ȥɳǣ֪ͨˣ׼ǶԸŵˣΧ
Թž˵һ䡣
žԣʱһ죬ûɳǵ׼Χŵˣ
Ļĳǿ˭Ըѵɣ
һ˶Ըǳǿߣ
žɫ΢䣺²̫׵ɣǿǳԽؾĿֲڡȻҲ֪ôûﵽͨؾҲܻƾһ˵Ļ²ǼһĶ֡
ҳ֣㻹𣿾Ͱ˵ȥɡ
ĹžļЦ˵꣬漴ԶԶʩչĹӰɱ۷ֶΣ
ͰӰϴﵽ˵ʩչͨ˵Ѿȫ޷ˡ
ֻһ˲ӰʧӰҳȺӵеջʾȥ
δֱӶ֣ԷôͨǿߣܿʲôɱﵣóȻĻǷǳ׵
Ա߲̽Ƭ̣ûܹĴڣ㹻ʱȴȴԷ¶˼иʱ

žԶԶƿӻɳһߵһܵȻص˻ɳ֮С
˻ɳǳɳڶҪȫһãУϺ̫ϳվλãɳԪǸ
󣬺ѩٻҳɿ˵ȻɳһӢȫڲ࣬ͬʱŵģڶޣǶؾǿߣʱȴֻ̫ͬϳһ׼ǿͶ
Ͷ֮󣬵ȴǵӲ˵Բôùȿ϶ҪϽɳھʸǿߣԻѡʵѹǵԴˡ
ţøǿ߰£Ϊ߹
Ļɳǿ¶ᱻǿ߸ɾ͵òʧˣͶĻһܺù翹ֱӱ
ʱžڻԱߣδֱ˵⣬ǻعУ˺ѩԣԺѩ˽˼䡣
ѩǵɳԪĵӣرڴ󣬺ѩرܵɳԪأҶֶͨ޴ѡ뿪ʹ½ѩɳԪеĵλ͸˵ˡ
ֻϧҶ뿪֮󣬻ɳǻδȵ޿ĽȴȵǿƣֻͶ
˵ʲôˣóӭս׼
ѩ˹žǼ仰ǲ˼ɫ⣬ƾҿһŵģҵʦ˼
žɫصĵ˵ͷ
֪ѩѡǱȻģΪӭսɲһ˵飬ɳǵ顣
Ҫû취ǿ߸նɱĻôùģͽǻɳǵˣ
žͺѩԸʵǻɳˣȴ²ȥðա
ܿ죬ѩɳԪ˵ˣתǳӭսΧŵ顣
ˣ
ɳԪ̬ԣüͷ΢壬ˣȻӡ̣ҪĻͶҲˡ
ȻɳԪ첢ֻĹɳԪȴжྪϲ
Сӣž˵ҲپΪҲûʲô֡ƾҪԸͷǳǿߣδ
ɳԪ쵭˵ģֻһѡǾͶһУͶ֮˵Сܽǿߣʱ֯ȥΧҲ١
ɳԪľѩδžҲһ
վǵѡûд
ɵĺǣɳǵ˸û÷Χ˵׼Ӷ޷֮ڴһݵĽ

ʼһԣ۲ջʾһһ
ӣͨΪȻɱʮ㣬ϽӦǼļսջʳеĵλ͡
ȻܶԷʲôλɱĻ;Բ֣ɾǸԼҲˣ
ʮɿ⣬ǸŵޣϹϾĹάš
ڡȡǹŵޣȫؾǿߣʱ˿̣ǧ˾ۼڴˣҪһԸĻܶһЩвġ
ΪˣŻùžȥ֪ͨɳǵˣ÷Χ˵׼
ˡ
һԣܿɳǵλ̫ϳԼɳԪ죬˴ϰˣ뿪˻ɳǵĳſҴһѵҩս׼ΪͶĳ׸ջʾ졣
ɳԪЩ˵̬üͷ΢΢һ壬ֻ˰˳Ȼȫû÷Χŵ׼
žҲɳԪ֪϶ǽϢ˻ȥģȴû뵽ɳԪǾȫû׼
Ҳգ˵ܸɵһķʵ̫ˣ˵жҲпԭ
ţ漴һ
ɳԪ˳ʱǽ۵ջʾ꽫죬¶һĨͲм֮ɫԵһ˿и
ʱһֽУͬһ㣬Ȼջʾ꽫
걬ջʣ
Ϊ˱һֱԼǿֶΣȻеջʻӡ˿
ջʣһʾǿߣӡУǿ
ڣ˿ûκԥ㽫еջʻӡһºȻڳ˶ʼδ
ջʾ꽫죬ԭ׼ܻɳ˵ĤݣϸԴô뵽ͻȻǱصԼ󣬶Լһ
͵ϣȫûκǿߣĵۻʣͬջջʳһ㣬ĸоǳܡ
û͵ĸյ֮ϣ
ջʵĻӡһ֮籬ɢϮȥȫϰȥ
ֳУѾŻ걬ƣ̽ջʾ꽫ţһٽ飡
һĴɱбǰֻһ˲ѽͨǿ߸նɱ
ļսӣǿϧˣֱӴơ
ŶԷϽɫӣд̳һ֮Ȳһ켶սˡ
ûзŹսֱӽУһʩչȥ١
зڵľɢȥ˳мһȴﻹܼջʾӰ
ɱ˶ԷȻܽԷʬ£øץסѱ


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ոշʲô£
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Ȼȴһ̣ǾͻȻϮ
žȻջʾĽ죬ѹɳǣѾ¹ռˣū¹ӡ
һЩһȫûзŹɣ
οڲڡǹȣԭЩԹڸպһˡ
ڣһ򾡣
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Լ۳ĸĹŲӰͬһʱʩչһУʮͷ֮ӰӸ˫֮ڳ֮˲ȫǧŵĵӡ

֮ȫΧڲڶ·жΪ˾֮԰һ֮Ⱥ֮вϱ죬ֲƻϮȥ
ҪĶ󣬵Ȼŵ
ڵİȵСͷԼǹ֮ƽ֮ǰֵʱ򣬶Ҫ֣ȡе
ڼȻӵ㹻ʵȻҪһжֻģ
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ڵ𿴺֮ƽһֻپΪҪʵҪ֮ƽǿϰٱ
ֻһУ㽫֮ƽնɱ
һĻóоǹĵӶ˶ѱҲȥ֮ƽˡ
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ʧȥؾΪѰѪȻֱֱ׹ȥҲûȥˣҪˤ֮ϡ
һȻҡ
ҪǧԿǻкܴ鷳ֻϧΪǿֱӴɱ䣬ĹŲӰűʩչֱϰˣҽüΪҡ
ŵӣۿԼĻս˼
һŲ·ĳԶܿȥ
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ʱ򣬻ɳǵǷӦ˹
Ҫһ׷ɱ𣿡
žԼѩǣֱ֣ӴɱǴʹ½֮ĳǿߣǰһ
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һϣȴǼᶨͽ֮ɫʹ½֮ˣʵֻˡǱɱˣ䱳һɴڣƾԲֵܵס

ҲͳǰʱǴ֮ѰɳǶκλ·
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Ϻϣɳǵ̫ϳ̧ͷǻɳӵ֮ʱʱɫȻǳˣ
ǰǰɳǵĴߣΪ˳Իɳǲܹһ·չڣΪʹ½һǿš
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һɣ꣬ȴ͸ž֮ɫջʾڴ˱ɱջʳ˾ԲưոݣǻɳǣǲҪǣȥĺá
ǣΪ˰ǽΧŹģִɱջʾĽ죬ȴ޶ԣΪ̫ðɣ
ѩԳȴδʲôɫ;⣬¶һĨʧ
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ǳԽؾޣҲֻǸͳµߣ
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졣
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ĻᣬʮͷһΣȻҪץúѯһˣʲôģȻᱻɳԪ
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ӭ٣
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ѩԣЦһҲ֪ջʲôˣӵôʵȴ֪ѣȹҵְǳ˴У۴ĸ潲Ҷڲˣ
ٻ߰ɡ
ѩ˵꣬Ůӣٻһֱһģһ;ٻࡣ
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ɳԪ״һҪֹȴס
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һ˵ţһҡҡͷȻһ֣ʾ˻صɳͷȥ


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ùҺ͹žĶЩƣӼᶨҪŬͷ

¹ʮ֮ϡ
һۣͬһ󼲷һ㻮񷣬ڰյ¹
ԶԶģоʱ¹еһƬҡ


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ǵȻѾڹĻ֮ĶõԼϣȻһһлûĶ˲зϡ
˿ֲʵ²ǡʾˡ˰ɣ
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£һĹŲӰһ欵ĶõһѽĹǰ򵹡
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λ˵ѾǻʾǿɱˣĵȻǼΪ𾪣ڰǰģȴҪδö
ĻĹŲӰˣھѾ֮ʴ˱üΪԭĵΣڿΪϧ


581 Ұ
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ʥԺʱ򣬶õ˵¼ҴĹΪޡ
ʱ򣬶õ㲻ΪȻû뵽һмıȻһȥˣҪ

¹ųϡӱɱûҲȫɢӶȥ¹Ǳȫ
ЩԴ˵ŵӣҲŷӣڣŵڶ֪ɱǻʾǿߵ£һЩ塣
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ҲŲܡ
ԸΪֱˬһˣڴҲ֪ôˣ¹˵ʵҲûʲôչǰ;

Ĺ籾ҪԵ侲һЩҪľȴҲǼΪֵ֧ģܻʲôΣգǶһԣ֪ʵСֻҪ뿪˵͵پͲƣ̤ͨؾ˿ܣ
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ôӣҪһԼҪǽǶһ൱ս
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ڵٶȣҪƹڣҲֻҪһʱˣ뿪͵֮ǰнٶҪʮֹ

ʱĴƹڡ
ƻʳУĴ壬໥ֱǻңĪңңԼҡ
˵Ĵ壬нҵĵλѾǰԭһвûؾĴڡ
෴УһйˣѺϣ̤˻ĲΣĪУĪ궼ţҲѾ˻ǿߣҾ͸˲ˡ
еķƷ塢ܰͷСɣ֮ǰѾ̤ؾ˴޴ѡУȻСɲδѡȴҲһͻƵ˽پ˵ǵǰƹǿ֣
Ҽ糤裬ԼŮСѾͷϦ裬Ҳ̤ؾۺʵƻʳУ޿ɱ⡣
ȻϦͷƷ塢ܰͨ޴ѡʹ½ҵӰƹڻûκ½λˡ
ؾǿӣûҵĳҪŵͷΪڴƹشСгԴԽԽĽޡ
ǿҪţʹ½һ׼
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ʼĿҪڶչ棬Сɳսƾ˽پĿֲʵֱӺɨ˶չĸ߲ޣ¶չֱͶȶΪ˴ƹĵ̡
׼ƹʱ򣬳ȫռ춫չǲСǰɹȥԼսɹǿߡ
ϧСȴ֪һȥɹȻ˹ɹǿߵȦУ
ǹɹܱ߱˽ƺǲ̴ƹǿҪƹǿߣСɸɱ


582 뷨
صƹʱϷСɺǿߵĴս
Сӣ벻ͻƵ˽پˣǱͷķƷͷܰ졭
ټСɵʱΪȣ޴ѡе飬˷Сɲʹ̼Ҫ֪Ʒͷܰ˶뿪ʹ½Ψһ˻ͷɻ֮ĸӼᶨͼС
̤˽پķСɣҪ˵ڴƹʹ½ϣ֮еЩ⣬˵ǿ֮һˡ
ƹǿҲﲻΡ
δְ̳æʩչģһԹ۲ΪСɵս״̬ʱҪæ
СɵĶ֣Թɹʮ˴֮˶ؾǿߣȴֻ˳ģڷСǰȫûʲôֻֿһЭɧš
˹ɹ֮⣬Ҳˣ˻ΪǺͷСɶս⻹лһһСޡ
ϵǸرǻĹӰ峤СǸĬ䣬Ӱš
ǵ޴ѡУĬͳһֻϧĬ䷭Ͷ޼֮飬ȴѹնɱ
벻һںͷСɹȥ
С˽پ磬һַԵطٶȱü졭
۲֮У㿴СɵҪսֶΣһּ編ʩչ߶Լ٣˲תƵһط
ԵطǸһ൱ǿռԵˣֻϧط򲻹ôܳΪҪռиʦڣҪǵõĿӡˡ
ֻ編СѾսڲ֮أǼ˻ļһ½ǣˣת
ûãһˣܿ˳սֻʣӰޣȻ仯Ϊ壬ͷӰħŷС׷ʹȴȻ½ǡ
СɣԼ編Ѿȫﵽ˷ĲΣʩչѸ磬˾һӰӣȫ޷ĥ
ȻʱһǿͻȻ
ӿֳɫһ䣬ԷͨؾεǿߣȻͨؾޣôܳʹ½ϣ
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Сɫ䣬ɫ̫ͻȻˣȫûκ׼Ҿ׼Ҳֵܵס
Ƚɫ󽣼նС¶ᱻնûҷ
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ڿǼΪңԼպʱҶһԹսһ
ҪĻ͵Ϯ߻㲻֣Ļɾ;Ȳ˷Сˡ
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߷ŻһɱСɣȴû뵽ͻȻֵֵסɫһ䡣
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ǶͨΪ˵ûʲôвǹĶԿĶ֡

߳˵벻ջʣȻö֮Ļص޿Ѱ·
ǷѰ·ڻ֪ء㣬Ե޹ʱҪ֣㣿
ɱɫ΢䣬һȴЦ
ɱң
źӴЦ˵ɱͨѫ޿ȻҲûߡ
˵ЩʱȻо·Щ̫Ծĵط
һͷСһȥҵĳ˷Ҽ糤裬ڡ
Ȼֻһ˻ޣڷСɳսҿ飬˳ķ糤䵽Ҳʲô
û뵽㾹һҲı䲻ʲô
һۣưȻԹҳ棬̱֮ɱ常
һ˵⻰һŷ糤ĲӣȻҪĻҪ糤նɱ

С֮ɫ벻ҷСɰս㾹ȻֱֹǲҪ
Сɣųẉ̂ҲŵʱҲиԴ
ȴô뵽һжǳļıҪ棬֮ʣСɣ
ҪڵĻƻ͵óˣСֱӱɱ˭֪Ǳ˭ɱģ
ʱ˵СڱɹͻУƹڵҲûʲôܹɵġ
ֻ벻ͻȻֻ֣ܽźõĺó˷糤ͼס
Ǻǡ
ϵпܻ֣Բ˺Уܽס͵ջǰ֪ǳҽжٽڣվű𶯣ұҪ常
糤ʱǻ״̬Уʲô֪
״ɱԽԽʢ
һ壬ӻ治ʲôö벻Ȼа취ϵ뿪͵Ĵ֮ʣıҡ
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ͷӹģҲֻˡ
ջͳ޿ȴˣ˭ܸ𣬱ضкܶྫ֮ʣպþԭ޿һޣ֪͵Ĵƹ
ŻһҪ
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Ҫǰó˷糤Ļ֮ʿɾͳԲ˶ˣƾΪץס
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˳ĻҲ뵽Щԭ򣬲һЦ
벻֮ʾȻţһԸΪջʵ߹ֻϧջҪ߹𣿡
㲻룬ٴλص޿ջѵ᲻֪ջԼԸңļһͦ
ջʲҶԸ㣿Сӣ˵ЦɣĪҪƭԼˣջˡ
֮ʰȻȻѾһߣǿƣȻֱӣڣԹֻҪҶһ£常ûˡ


583 ɴ
Դ֮ʺͳ˵в۾
ԭͷСսޣǱɹģǴӻޣȫԱ˿ȥⱻ꼰㡣
ȴδ뿪ϾĺϷһӶѼģĲ˵ͨؾĴ֮㹻ˡ
˵еƺ´֮ʣһǣʲôջǿڡ
ջʣɹļؾޣ֪ʲô⿴ͨؾĴ֮ʣȻҪץסȥջ֪ջʵʵԱȴ֮Ҫǿࡣ
ĺϷô뿪
ʲô֤ҳſ常
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ڵ㣬ƺûʸ۱֤⣬ǲ常ھ͵
֮źӣߣȴΪӣ˫žâǳԶˡ
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ܿ죬õҩԵķ糤ˣǳץס糤ʱ򣬲δЩʲô顣
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ţ̧ͷʱ򣬱㷢ϰؾ޻ڳŷҸֱۡҲ֪ʲôĿġ


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Ҫ鷳ʵǿһ̶ȡ
˵ʹ½ϣͻϲʲô鷳ˣ鷳ҲЩС鷳ˡ
ڷСɡ糤ȷҳԱ˵ɾûôˡ
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Ƕû뵽ȻѾôǿˣմԣ֮ʶɵԲ飡
ڶ𣬼㵽ϰؾ޲Զĵط
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˵֮󣬱㽫ҹ֮У˫ǰ֮顣
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591 ѵֵ
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ողδȥоһеЧΪʱûʱ䡣
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ʼо֪֮һ似Ϲż似ҾԲƷѰϹż似ǳƷƷĴڡ
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˵һ֣֮ͨԼϳ̶ȴﵽ˵ļۺʵ̤ͨؾ֮ǰʮҪֹ


594 ׯ԰
ڻȥ;УʼϹż似⡣
ķеٶʵ̫죬ûþ뿪ջʳķΧȻԤϣջʸûгֹ
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ĵĻδѡȥæ
ÿ˶Լ֮·ŵ·ҲԼ߲С

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һʱĬȻ漴˵ͷǾȥջʳԵɡ
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ԣһؾǿ߻ׯ԰ҪͰӰûĻǾͼ򵥼ˣȻʵֲɱջʣͰӰܲĿ΢΢
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Ϻԭ¹ĴԹһҲ൱Уׯ԰Ȳԭ¹һء
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ߣǺһٿ޹ŵǰѩʳջʳؽıԵ
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һ𣬽޹ŵˮ޹ŵһѩУǲ޹ŵ˷֣Ϊ˷޹ŵҲܽУܽߡ
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˵һ棬һҪ棬ҪϹż似źá

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ˮŵͥԺУռһ䣬ɫͿʼˣ׼һϵʱ䣬ٳ似ԡ
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˵Ӧûöܹóȱ˵ֻʣһöѵ˵һöҲǱѩǰˣ
ööö϶ǱѩԼŵˣΪǣԾˡ
Ҳ޵Ƿǳˬˡ
ϡΪֵ˭ģֻʣһö֪֮ضҪĴ۲
ӣûʲôӮⳡҼӮˣҲǲʤҪѵıöࡣ
ӵȻˬ
ԣ˶ܵϵĺ֮ϢϷⳡжӶ˳ҵ濣
֮ѾˣǵȻܽôȴܴ濿дһЩϢ
ˮʱվԣʱЩҪţ濺ͥԺ϶Ͳˡ
濵ɫȻû̫š
λӣ⺮֮ǱѩʴԴģǱѩʴ˵Ĺѡ
ֱ˵˵֪λңЩʲô
ǰ޿ݸͲ˵Ѿ޿ˣ޿Ѿٴڡ
ȻƽĻЩŵģϾԱԼǿöĵ۹ӣ
޵Ӹջ뷢ʣ⺮֮ǴĶģȴû뵽ѾԼˣһֱӷȱ˵ġ͵ԡ
޵ƿڣһ԰۵ƶ˵ȴЦһЦλСʲô֣Ҫ£ʵûж⣬ֻ֪йغ֮һЩˡ
ҽ濡
ûֱӻش𣺡ʲôʰɣֻҪ֪ģǣں֪֮Ҳࡣ
֮þһ뺮ϣ൱ֱӳΪ˫ϣϡıѩʳÿֻóöֻһöʵ̫ˡ
۵ȱӽ濵۾Ȼ£ѩȴ֮飬ǻңҪαĺ֮һļսҲʹˡ濹˵𣿡
ǱѩʵľҲû취Ӱ뷨
ҡҡͷֱӰìͷƵ˱ѩʵϡ
˵Ĳ
۵ƶ˵ӣΪͣ濣Ц濹޹أȻ˺֮ʱ޷ģ˺״ϸо֮ϢǰǺ֮ʼ֮ʣҪ벻鷳Ļû취źá
ƶˣ˵ʲôûѲǿСѾͷˣȥ
޵һԲм˵
Ȼô˵ˣҲͳϺˡ
ƶ˵ȴҲЦе˵СҿͦɰģͦϲҼȻ˺֮Ӧ˫ϣɾͣض͡
ƶ˵һ˵ţһ˫ۣ濹ߣҵŮΣƶˣضúô㣡


598 濾ܾ
û뵽ƶ˵ӾȻῴԼԼΪŮ
Ҳ֪Ҫƶ˵ӵŮ϶Ҫ޵ģ飬濿ƶ˵ôݸ߹Ҳһ
ǸˣһҪΪױʱ뿪
붼ûô룬ֱ˵ܾ˶Է
ôֱӵĻƶ˵ɫһ䣬ԳһĨ
ƶ˵ӱΪΪһ۾ǿ֮ӣҪһŮΪŮرֻͨؾŮӦ׾ٲŶԣȴû뵽濾ܾ
ڳŮֱӾܾ϶ʱ¶Ľʺ޵ɫŮôõƶ˵ӵĻᣬȻúץסȻֱܾǲʶô
Ҫ֪ƶ˵ӿǵ۾ǿߵĶӣĸףƶ˵۹ĵۻʣ˵ϣλ˵Ĵڣ
۾ǿߵһ仰²Ѫɺӣһǿݣһ׺ƽˣ
ܹΪƶ˵ӵŮҲ൱ҵͨĽݾԴ˵ǰĽݾضϾһӿҲһλᣬһλᶼûС
濣õһᣬȻȴֱӾܾ
һ濷һͨ;ƶ˵ӵϲÿƶ˵ӣ鷳²С
벻ƶոŮᱻ˾ܾǿЦЦ
޵ӹһЦİµƶ˵Ӽ򣺡õӣȻӣ֪鲻ôܣ뷢й㷢йɡ
Ϊʲô鶼Ҫй
ƶ˵ɫ̫ÿ޵ӵĳЦȴҲδ쭣˵Ȼ˾ƶȻǿ󣬸ˡ
棬ƶ˵ӵȻתȥһЩæȥ
ˮҲȸһˣϵϯϣˮ׼ʱμӡ
ɫӵȱϴ԰ЦݣˮЦһЦȻתȥ
޵Ҳû̫ͣãֻЩζĿһۣȻҲתһкڶȥˡ
뿪֮ų˿
ˮ̾˿Ǹ˵λǱǸˣҲû뵽ӻͻȻһ
סͥԺģˮĹͣ濣ǴӱѩʶҺЩϵ
Щ˱ǿеȻˬȴҲ֪ԹˮҪֻܹԼùպӳˣ硣
ˣҲûʧʲô
˶˵ţȻתȥ飬ǾҪҲ֪˭Ȼֻܵûˡ
ˮ
˼Ҳ뷢顣
ӣ
Ǵòͷ˲Ÿȥҵӵ鷳
ɢ֮ĻĹŲӰ˸ƣһ뿪
һĻĹŲӰһ˱ȽٵĺԺȥˮ˵Ǹأ̫࣬ûˮˣ˾Ѿӳʧˣֻˡ

濣뿪ھߡ
ĻĹŲӰ濵˺԰һ߽濵Ŀռսһ߳˵
ھߣô
Щ졣
ƶ˵뿪֮ʱҼɱ֣ضΪܾĴ治֣ǻǲҪðյĺá
˵
ɱ⣡
ûת뿪İƶ˵Уɱ⣬Ȼֻһɱ⣬ȴҲӲĸ֪
֪пΪº͵ƶ˵ӣΣյһ
濾ܾƶ˵ӣȻƶ˵Ӱӵ棬ֶԸ濣ȵºж֣ȴûֹܹ
޵ǰ濵ζɫ֪ƶ˵ӾԲֻǱôº͵һˡ
ãġ
ԣδʲôŵĵطѣͬջʳӳҹִͬ޹ŵ濶ȫûʲôɡ
Ȼ˵ΣգǾΣգ
һ̣һ̧֣ĻʩչֶΣһȥΣȻֱӳϷɶȥ
һһʩչ˶ΣĺķٶȽһϡ
ֻҪûܷǣ뿪ˮҲǳ¡
˲֪ǣǸմˮ뿪мͨؾޣֱ濵ķ䣬ȴûлصԼķ䣡
ЩұͥԺûҵ濵Ӱ֪ض֮ǰѾ뿪ˡ
ϢϢƶ˵ӶޱȷŭмҪð
췢Щ飬ƶ˵ܲߣ
ò׿һŮΪŮȴԷܾƶ˵˵ֱ޷ܵ飬ֻˮǰ˼ְˡ
ȴû뵽ֻôһʱ䣬濾ܵûӰˡ
ܣΪܵȥ
ƶ˵һĨ⣬ԸСɫȻԳֵģ飬е¿ǲ
˷ѩʳ£Ǹ˶飬һʾȻֻȫ𣬲Ļȥ׷ɱˣΪ˵ʾ׵£ġ
֮⣬ǿߣԼʮߵͨǿߣЩƶ˵ӱ˵£Ҫ׷濵䣬׷ɱ濣˵׾١
ƶ˵ӵ£ҹɫδִأһǿߺߵͨޱֱʼ̽濵ĸϢ
׷ɱ˵һڱѩʳĵϣ̽Ϣ׷ɱӵĵˣҲ׾ٵ飡

ʱ濣Զˮȡۡ
˳ۣϷѸٷȥ۵ٶȣҪԽˮΧúüʱ䡣
׷ɱר˼ĵطǰһˣۣ̾ʩչֶΣȻн
Ϸ֮ǰ˻˶ĵطһȦĻ˵ͽ
濶鵹ûʲô飬ѡ·ǰУҲмֵСӻ治򵥣Ȼôɱļɡ
˳ɹ뿪ˮķΧ̤һƬеķïɭУƬɭ֣Ϳ˵Ѿ̤ջʳķΧ
濶֪ʲôĵ̣ôòҪջʳĻŸ־ͺá
ջȻˣ˵Ȼ޷ƥеĴڣһϣɡ
ԣ˽ջʳڣͿʼС
ַïʱһЩԱޣ濶ʩչֶıܿǣƬïеԱޣ֪Ȼ൱
ʩչֶΣЩ޸٣Σ
ÿһ壬ĳض츳ЩԱޣ֪ͷǳǿ޵֮ԵģǵҪ࣬ر֮·ʼʱ򣬼ǷõĵҩõսõĲͬ
濶һ£Ҳ˵ͷ
ʱ뵽СȻСӱ仯֮Ǹ˧꣬ǽһС
Ҳ֪ʲô
뿪֮ǰׯ԰޸ۡڶޣʾҪ뿪ׯ԰ۡȥ´λصѩʶׯ԰޸ۡѾ֮ǰȫһҲ˵
һеǰᣬҪܻŻصѩʶ
ջʳ֮ڣΣķټƶ˵ӻɳɱ׷ɱˣһ·ضޱȼȻ˳Ŀġ
ΨѪгɳ̤۷壡


599 ħ
һ֮յıܿЩԱޣܿ뿪Ƭ֡
ܾʲôڰиԼȻȴ޷ԷλúݣΪ
ǳʱضڼΣ֮УвɥȪ
ǰһȥɡ
ָܿǰһ˵
üͷһ壺ȥʲô
Ҹо׷ǣȥ׷ŵĻˮпɾˡ
˵
š
һʱȻ漴˵ͷȻû׷٣ѵ֪Ⱦô
˿ϣ£ȻһӰͳԣȵȣ
ĶͣԲͷӰӴ˵װӦԭ޿Ӱħٵˡ
Ӱħ٣֮ǡ١ǡڡΪ֮Ӱȥ٣һּΪ֮
ħˣ
濱ͣ˶üһʵô⣿
λǿ˵£ɣ
ͨħˣδֱӻش濵ĻǽĿתһԵЩɫʵ˵پʱͨǿѫ޿ڵüҾѾ̤ͨؾǸˣ
ô˵ֵطӰħٵˣ濺˿ȻǰӰħˣôǲԼʲôвġ
ܿ죬˾ͺͨħ˽
ħԨڰӰħʮ꣬ŸǰջʸӰħ٣ħԨԼǿ˳ȻͿʼϵˣ׼ļƻ
ӰħٵӰΪջʣƬָħԨ飬ӰǷʧǣֻҵ˰ӰµĲд
УӰħԨ˲飬һҪҵ濣֮Ϊһ޿ҪصӰħٵڵأűеĶȡ濣ȡɽȵʥģҪȳħɽеĻԪ׽
ԭħԨ˵ĻЩɻ󣬲ôϸĵ㣬ЩɻҲʧˡ
ħԨͼ濺ԼͼĻûҪ˵Щȡʥķ˵ˡ
ûаӰָĻһͨŵӣô֪ȡʥķ
Ҫ֪ǿǸײϵҪĻˡ
ȻˣǾһȻ޿ɡ
濺ܿ˾ΪӰħ١ɽȡħɽԴӱϣһ·˳·͹ȥˡ
Ӱħٵı⣬ǿ϶ҪõģϾͷźܶԴɽڣ޿ĲرҲȥõκһ⣬ҪõֵѶȶ͡
ӰħٻãλΣѰ˸֪ջʳڿ϶ûҳ
ɽȵĲر似ȴǼΪ۵ĵطͱջʳ˰ˡ
ôȻȥ
Ӱħ٣濽ȥĵһĿĵء
Ҿ͸ߣʲôΣգһǰѣսĻְæ
ħԨ𾴵˵
ˣħԨץʱħˣҺЩ飬һ뿪ջʳȥѩʶѾվ˽Ÿ԰ȷչһʱ䣬ȱ̤ؾ㿪ʼָ޿
濱ֳ˺ǿħԨ뿪
ɲиһһֱԼƨɺͷָоοǰٷ֮ȷϣħԨʵҪ
һһѾͶջʣǻ£
ǣ
ħԨ濵ĻŲɣȭӦȻʧǰ
濺˼һ漴һۡ
ڻҪ𣿡
ʡ
ȻҪˡ
Цˡ

˼·һƬɽҰǰУҪܵ޿ڣڲܴ߶۷У·̣ϰʱ䡣
зǳģ˶û̫ż
ֻǶԻԪ׵ϢЩţҳϽûͶջʳھħɽУҲ֪Ρ
ƾ濣Ҳûãֻһһȥħɽһˡ
ǺħԨ˵ģȥȻٻɽȣȥӰħѰұ⡣
˵
濶ľʾͬ⣬Ϊһе㻳ǸħԨ
뿪Ƭ֮ûиܵ˸ˣ˲١
һ·¶ޣǰУҲϹż似̶˲٣ȻδѧɹȴҲˡ
濣һֱѧϰַ֮ĸͽ̹ˣԲûзֻҪҲô򵥵飬ﵽ밵Ӱĵ弶ϣҪҲǷǳѵ顣
ʮ˱̤ķΧڣ޿ˡ
΢е㲻̫õӡ󣬵ʱħɽʱߵͨǿߣְŸҪԴ󽫾Ԫ֡
ʱ֣ҪȻʱԪ׽ɾΣˡ
ڱѩʳڵׯ԰޸ۡǸոսʵ΢ҵԪأǿǼõġ
ߵͨǿߣڱѩʳǸ֣һݾһݡ
ڣֱ׷ٵĸоһδͷ֡
һΣΣиǿң
濣ʱС͵ϮȥҸȥɡ
õҳ׷׷İ취
һ㶣漴˵ͷߡ
ڵĺȻǲٵģҾˣ˺ܿ㳯һٲµĺȥ׼¡
ʱһȻ֣˺Х
ɱǣ
һȵ漴һߵͨǿγ˱ͬʱѰͨؾ޴Χ֣˷籩Ϯ

͵Ϯ׼һʱ䱧ס濣Ĵ߶ʱʩչֶΣδǰֱʧ
͵ϮܹˣһߵͨҲͨĵͨĸ֣£ԸһĵͨĿ濣ԼһͨǴ´˵ġ
ֻϧЩƶ˵۹û˵濵ţȻҲûʲô׼
ǰʧǸɫһ䡣
ߵͨİӣԼȻҲ濵ټ
ƶ˵۹׷׷ˡ
ߵͨİӣԭһֱ濣ȷɢ˾£Ŷֵģȴû뵽˾ȻѰҪ¡
ɾ͵ȲֱӶˣ֪º֮Ҳҵõټ
Ȼû뵽ǣ濿ɲѰޣǵʵսҪԶǰ磡


600 նɱ
ߵͨİӣƶ˵۹а׽ģΪ쿡ʣüȴһ衣
֪濵ʵΣԼĵͨ£Ҫ׽濣ɱǴ´ࡣ
ͷѰңκ˿̻رң
׽
ͨؾĸҲûô⣬ֻ׷ɱһĵͨСӣԼһһͨСӰˣǸûô⡣
ƶ˵۹ѩʳǣʹŸһȵİʱ˿̣ôʲôģ
˷ֱΧɢȥб߲̽ͼҵκ濵˿
˼
ҪЩ˲ֿĻһ֮ЩһҲҲǡ
ȻѡͷѰңɾͲˡ
ǸĵͨļһȽɱˡ
˵ţ濱һȺĵͨ޲Զ
ЩɵĻܣȫûʲôŵɫֻҰͥŲһ㣬˿֪ΣѾ
ܿ죬˾˶·̣ϹҲüʱ䡣
ôʱ䣬㹻ɱˣ
Ի㸺նɱ
濷Ըһ䣬ۻĹŲӰֱûĹŲӰϮɱǰʩչӰɱ
˵һʱ䷴ӦĻĹŲӰԼϮɱЦһһͨСӣҲ͵Ϯүүңȥɣ
£һȭȻŰһ̱㽫ĻĹŲӰ׺ˣ
ʱ濽οɰȴ֣һ̧֣ͨ޾һڹֱӹᴩţ
弶ϡ
˵ɴ۾Ŀû뵽濾ȻѾͰӰ弶ϣҲ׹û취ֵ޾ԭ
˵£ֱ̧׷ʬٳ˻ҽͬʱֵǮĶȫѹεԼĴռС
ò˵ƶ˵۹޾ǮĵͨޣȻ켶Ʒսö켶ҩʮöؼҩ
Щҩ඼սʱõģԲĵȵȣûġ
ֵҩΪսҩҩȫͬʣսʱõģЩҩʱǿ޵Ȼڽɻĵҩûġ
㶨֮һʩչʧ֮С
ȵ˴￪ɭиϹ֮ززʬ嶼û£ֻһЩɢϢ֪ոշս
һͨĵͨޣһսۼ
Ȼɱˡ
ͨ޼״ʱɫһ䣬ĵͨɱôҪһǸû·
ߣǳû͵Ϯ޳֮ˣξ֮У
ĵͨ׳һܣͼҳ濵ټȻôܷ״̬µ濣
Ҫ֪ؾǿߣ޷״̬µҪ˵Щͨؾļһˣ
ű屬
˽Ž䱸ʱȻ𣬽һӰ֣һͨһ

ĵͨתһն˲ն󷽺üô漴⣬͵ϮĺӰһ룡
ֻϧǺӰն֮󣬾ȻΪһѺɢȥȻֻǸӰˡ
ĵͨɫ΢䣬֪Լϵʶľʩչ˷ֶΣ裬࣬γһ㵶ϡ
Ȼһ̣кȻֱ֣ӽ㵶ϸ飬һɫ濵ͨ޾Ȼ͸˱лĿ϶ײ䡣
濶޾ͨ˵죬Ҳ۷壬һܳΪǿͨ
һкͬΪĵͨ޸ܲסͱɱ
ڷͨޣһ֮漴㱻ִ̳УûӦ㱻һ´̽ţ
֣ЩĵͨޣȫɱȻֻǸ濵ͨʵ̫ǿˡ
ⵤҩãܹӿĻָٶȣڶʱóͬͨǴƶ˵۹ˡ
ǰһȥܿ죬ȻѳһЩ켶͵ؼҩƶ˵۹Ϊƶ˵ӵĻӳԱЩָԵĵҩȱھȫ˸ˡ
ܹʱʩչڶ޾⣬ΪһֵҩܹӿĻָٶȣҩ̼޵ֱܹøոùͨ
ֵҩԭ޿޴ӵüΪƷǳѣ
ջʳѩʳķΧڣһţҲǼ۸񰺹󣬸Ѱġ
ƶ˵۹ޣرƶ˵ӵĻԱ˵ֵҩֻǳˡ
ˣǻʬ𼣣Ȼѹβֱߡ
Ҫѹεô൤ҩҲ޼ɵʩչΪĵûƣܳʱ䱣״̬
ЩָҩͲҪˡ
ƶ˵۹ϣܹõʮöĵҩԼһöάһöһʩչͨ޾⣬ɱ˵ڶĵͨĶ֡
ʣ£
ʣµˣƺЩСĽһͨһĵͨĸ֣С̽һһ֮Ȼֱת뿪Ŵ߰׽ڷȥ
׷ɱ
ɱ׽￪ĵط׷ɱȥܹڰ׽֮ǰɱˡ
濶ļƻʾͬ⣬ֱӷǰ֮ͨʩչһɭ˫ڰУȻֱӽܵ˵
ڶͨʱ֮ͨۡ
ֲۣ֮ȫǾ񹥻ֶΣʩչ飬Է˫֮ͫС
ɱ
ӳһ͸ŻĹϢԲ̣ӵеĴļƷսḶ́
Ĺ̳ĵױγ⽫סҲ
ֻʱ֮˾ͨĵͨޣȻĹ漴ĵڣھȫƻ
ǵһμ濶ļս϶ҪٶȻɱ֣Ӷʣߵ֮ͨ˶Կ
˭˵ߵͨĶ֣濾Ҫˣ
밵Ӱ弶֮ͬߵͨĦիԿһս˫սƽ֣ɼ濵ʵѾѰߵͨǿߡ
һԸмĻߵͨļһ


 ߵͨ


601 ξ֮ʯ
Ȼ׷ɱҪñɱ׼
Ȼߵͨƶ˵۹ޣ׽δ뵽ƾͽͨؾСܶԼв
׽ƾŷŷĶѸٸϵսֳȴֻܵһ˿ĺۼδκ˵ټ
Կ϶ڳԼ˶ˣ׷ʲô£
ѵǱСɱܣһﲻһͨĵͨΪɱ¡
׽üͷ˼⡣
һƬⲽǰУʱž裬˵Сʲôͬأܽնɱˡ
ͬҲؾĴڣαزͷ¶β˳Ц
׽ȫ޾壬ƶ˵۹ޣϱﵤҩôܲСط޵Ķ֡
еôмʱ䶸
ʼʩչֶΣһԹ۲׽ȫ˼ڷ͵Ϯϣǻѡ˳֡
Ϊ濶Գֵʤİռ
Ḷ́
һ̧֣ļƷսḺ́ͬһϮȥ⼲ߵͨİޣҪסӶ
ǰް׽׼ܵ͵Ϯֱӷֻһ֧״սУâĹ̵ֵ
һ֧״սȻҲǴļƷսϵ˼ߵĲΣ濺ͻĹ̵ϳ̶ȣ
Ͼᣬӳʼ𣬵õĹ̵ʱҲԷõ֧״սʱó
ͨؾ޵꣬ͨ׽ôھ˶ã濺ɾͲ֪ˡ
֧ʻɫպö濵ЩЧ濲δûĹǣƶԷļսҲǺõġ
üһ͵Ϯүүң쿪
׽һȴδ׼ֱŪΪĵͨļһﾹҶ͵Ϯ϶ǰͬҲһͨСӡ
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û˷İ׽ߵͨΣǲ״ֱ̬ӱɱˡ
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ⲽ˰׽ʬϣѳһƣдšƶ˰׽⼸֣֪ƶ˵۹а׽
ջ񲻴֧ʡ
Ҳǰһץס֧Ҫܵı״ļƷսѾʶͬξ֮ʯԻڻָҪܡ
ֱнеĻӡĨɱ˵Ѿᳵ·ȻǴļƷսһ˵Ļӡټ򵥲ˡ
һļƷսջ񣬼ڱѩʳΧڣⶼǼǿս


602 ռȵ
նɱƶ˵۹ǿ߰׽֮濵ջ񲢲ֻǼļƷı״սи켶ָҩöļ˵ҩ
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;оһСͳǳأԼü޴䣬ʩչֶ֮̽˲Ϣ
Ҫıǣ޿ΪħʿҪǣƬ򣬻ǽаߣаи
Ѿռȵˣ֣ȫĬϾԭϤĿȻаļһռȥΪȻܡ
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Ը̤ħɽķΧֱʩչֶΣԼһΣȻڡ
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Ϣʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
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ȣħɽе֮һһطԨ
֣صĽ͵޿ԨԴǴԨжŵһ޿ǵԨУõĵĿӡӶģ̤ؾ㱻ջʷ޿Ϊ޿
ԨԭˣĵĿӡǴе
ЩȻ˵ͷʾס
ԨĿӡȱȡ֮󣬱˾һЩա
濽˵ΪĵĿӡԨһϹ󷨵һ֮һԨУһöĿӡȴҲû֤ʵǹͬϵϹżս޹ŵǴԨȡġ


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һ̣Ҳսš
ĵ֣ƺһӾת


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ԳﲢޣҲޣû磬ȫĵڡ
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˵Ǽ˻ԪףȴͻԪһȣȥ˵ɵԳץضѨе
ôֲĵطܷųѾһδ֪

ʱ˿̵ڴӻ˹
δۣܵԼѾĵװΧΧһƬɭȻϢ
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üͷ΢壬ոպ濽ĵطȵΧͷԳҲֻ壬רΪػȶڡ
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ңҪȣҪԳİæС
´ʲôĿģ
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ĿĵȻֻһǾǡɱ㣡
ǻӰɭȻһЦȻ̧֣һĵ˳
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һԼȣɱԼ
ҪɱԼĻոԼôãҲ˶֣ΪԵʣ
ֵǣȫ޷ܵӰϵκϢ磬޷ܵõ
ǻʾǿߣջʡĵȵȣܴ²³ǵʵ
ǰӰȴȫ͸Է磡
ܹеļһضѰ֮ˣǿѾ֪˾Բ򵥡
һҧܶԷʵжǿԲȥϣ


605 սӰ
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ôţֳУǻɫӰйȥʮɵľת˲漴ĵɢŶԷϮȥ
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ӰۿþЦ漴̤ǰһһ·ңԶľ룬һ̱ǰ
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緶ΧڣĿӡǼΪĴڣȡԨطԲҵôĿӡ
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ʹڣԭһöĿӡʾҪĻԶ
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⣬𣡡
һȫɢǰ۳һڹâһâУ͸޾ͷʱ򣬽Щ㲻Ͽʼ𻯽ûʣ
ֻǳһ£似ʮɺ㣬ȥֻҪʩչϰٴξ⣬ܽǧɺ㴩͸濺ͻԪԨ뿪
Ḷ́ҲʩչĹ̡
һһεľУһϹż似ԽԽ̣ʩչԽԽҲ
ʹδæո˵ˣҪ濺ͻԪǵĻһжÿԼ
ʹֻɢԨڴ񱩵ѡ
⣬ؼԴľ۳ΪһƬ߻ԵĹߣƻȴľǿϰٱ
ڱȽ˵ֱܹɱҶʣ£ǱȽǿޣҲԼٶʴɱҲԷս
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⣬˵һмΪһĳǿ似ϹżƷ似ֽķΧ˵ǿ似֮һ
ʩչ⣬ǧɺ㲻ϱƳһͨͷȥ
ܹʩչ⣬þ͸֮УӶУѸٵ棬һûͨ·ǵĻһûа취һ뿪
ڣʩչ⣬似Ҳźܴô
Ƚ鷳ĵط似̫ˣҾƣ̶ңÿʩչһζʱ䡣
ãƶ˵۹ϵĵҩв٣Щҩ󣬺ܿʩչ⣬ǧɺȫ˿
Ȼһ춯˱ȵĻԪ׺濵ϰˣͷһµˣ׷׽ĿͶڶѨ֮УϲķΡ

ȾϲվҲ㳯ܹ
û뵽СôûӦ㱻һ˵˵ϡ
ҲûзʵǾҲû취ֹƵڵءոսʩչ⣬ȫѾľˡ
Ҳû뵽ôһײײˣæС
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濹ĵʡ
á
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Ǿͺá
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ͷȷж죬⣬һһǿȥͨ·
̧ͷԶԪ׵˵ͷ֮˵
뿪ͨ·
⻰һΧϰȫ˷Ǳڴ˴̫ãûܻ뿪ġ
˵ܹ뿪ˣܲ˷ܣ
澿Щʲô
ͺˣʵϲֹ濣ҲԴ˼Ϊ棬ֻ̫˼ѯʰˡ
һ󷨣ҽȥˣõһöĿӡҵһͨ·ȻͨԨ
֣صԨҵõʮöĿӡȻһƬ񱩵󷨷籩ɢˣŻǡ
˴ȻܹͨԨ
ԪɫһϲһʣЩ˱ܹԨ뿪Ͳᱻջʳ͹а޸עˣ
öĿӡ
濵Ĺע㣬ȴǺͻԪײôһˣöĿӡ˭֪ζʲô
ܹ̹Ľ˵ɱڳ˵Ρ
濺ͻԪ׾Ͳ˵ˣħʾŵǣҪбѵ뷨Ļ뿪ȥջʳͶˣᱻȣԪһȴ
򵥵˵ЩȫǻԪ׵ңԻԪס޿ҳϣ


610 
£һ˺ܿµڵĵص׿ռ䣬ͨԨͨ
ȥԨˣЩ񱩵ӦѾɢĲˡ
һ뿪Ԩ֮жҪĻһ˲֧ô
ȳȥ˵ɡ
Ԫ֣˵ͷܲã˶һжױ˷֡˵Ϳڱѩʳ˶ɽĻأȻˣұþŴɢȥǰѩʳڱѩʳͿ
жǻλܱ֤Լİȫ
ɨһۣص˵ջʳΣķλ뻻һ·жԻ
ţֻҪһ·ߣܺܿ뿪ջʳȱ۹
Ԫ˵·ҲѾˣȻһջʳΧһԶ·ǰѩʳ·̣ȻȴȫģջʳǿҲܵȱ۹ĵˡ
ţ˵Ҳ
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ԪΪ޿ħʾŵĴ󽫾Ȼ˵ȻܹԨ뿪˶Ŀô϶ջʳڣűΧˡ
ǰȱ۹ٶ뿪ջʳ·ֱǰѩʳȫö࣡
Ǿ˵ˡ
СһҲͷǰѩʳıѩʶȥڵ޸ۡǳׯ԰УҶˣǻͺá
λֻҪܻŵﱱѩʶЩĿӡضǵһݡ͡
һ䣬˵ڳЩ죬ûһ͵ģ˵ĻЩȴΪ
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ǵȻ֪Ŀӡ̶ȣħʾŵĽ죬֮УӵйĿӡҲָϰУֻôʮӵаˡ
ˣĿӡȻڣֻҪƽﱱѩʶΪ׼ĿӡǸõĻᡣ
Ȼףһ͵ҪЧˣǿСϵôãЧЧҿ
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ʣЩˣɶħʾŵĽ죬ÿ˶ͨΪȱ۹·Ļƽﱱѩʶ϶ûʲô⣬ͷĺˡ
ԪΪɵЦһЦ
ⲢäĿţԼųֵģЩˣųɳģħʾŵν죬̬ƷԶӹɡ
⿴׷ԪףͿɼԸ㣬ҹǸ·ĻҲ;ǲҪ鷳
͵Ǹ·ʱ׼ǰѩʶȷʲô⡣
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޿ʥֵǿУɹǿߵֻϧջʳ̫ͻȻһֱסûüʥͷų
ʥִôܴߣ
Ԫԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻʥҲӡ
·һӰħٵĵӣħԨһ°Ӱǰдоͼ˿һ̶ȿʥķ
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ЩģҪܲٿʥôǹаǿԳסˣ
ջʳ֣ҲƾʥһȻʥսһͬһ㣬ǻľģ˵ƿʥ޵ջʳˡ
˵˵ţ˱ѾͨԨ
ڣȻɢһĵϢ濸ܵһУͨԨ˵·Ѿʹǰͨп񱩵
Ƭ񱩵ջĻʾǿߣԨڣԨеĶȫͿգҲɢȥ
ȵ֮ȺԨΪƽڣǾмΣԵĵطҲܴеõκκôˡ
һ·ڶ𣬺ܿԨײһıԨΧ
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Щ˶ǾӢеľӢʲôΣգҲƾԼģûҪһߣ˶˷Σա
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Ԫ뿪ͷ濵ոû˵ʵԨеõһԵӦܹȫסʥˡ
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һɫͨؾлͨĴڣʮ˼һսǿ


611 նֵ
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˭֪ջʳ޿ʥбɱʼٸ߱޿һȺţǰ濺ȻƲȥԪס
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ѪɫӰֳѪɫ˫ھмΪҵţսüҪͻƾķ뿪ȥȻȴʼעɱרעӹǸľ⡣
ȫۺɢĵͨѪɫӰ·ܵ˼ǿˣԽԽԽԽ
ĵܹʴ޵ܹʴֵľöԷɥʧֿ
ֻǱڼʱ䣬ĵͨѾɥʧ˶־ѪɫĿսıԽԽֱȻͷųģ䳹մ

Ѿˣһ£о⣬һʱصԼڣֳУɽĵͨ޵ն顣
һʱ䣬ֵȫնɱһĻһԾķͬںսͨǿߣߡ
߲԰ͷ£һ˫¶ΪɫȻû뵽һͨļһս֮ǿȻնɱ֮Ĵڡ
ߺ濵սҲǳ˳һͱնɱһʣΧ濣ȴʼͻƲǴļƷսĹ̵ķ˺ֺ
ȥֻ濵ͨʩչ;Ի꣡
ܣ
һ羯ķڼնɱֵ֮˸֪㡣
һսȻκλڣǷȻܣǾֻȽ˵


612 ֶ
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İ߻ԳɱԼΪһ濿϶û֣Ըߡ
ǲϵĽޣԭ޿Ӷ˵ս֮һߣ͵ɱĸ£ͫײһ֪ǿˡ
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ܹڣȻһǴçײǿͷԣ
ĲԲɱˣϵˣ˵ץס濺Ļջǰ϶иཱͣЩͣȻò
ֻҪȥͨ濵λãһнֻͣͻһЩˡ
ߵһתܣŵĸ¼״һ㶣漴ͬתҪѸ˴
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ڶԸߵĹУĸ£˾ķΧȻʴˣôʵĵͨǿߣվˡ
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濵˵ͷ˲䱬ٶȣһöҩ֮󣬱㳯ܵĵͨǿ׷ȥ

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濣һʩչֶΣһγűǰУ״̬µٶǰɽȣҪʱ䡣
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ǴӰߵ˵ϣ˻ǵõ˲ٺöҩսȵȣòϣȥڱѩʶҲ


613 ٱ
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һ䡣
ûУȹҲߵͨޡ
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۾ҪڱѩʶվȽŸҪ㹻ԴҪõԴݵķȣҾǸĿꡣ

濱⻰һ㵹ǵͦ󣬾ȥȵ⡭ǵʵȥתһȦǲ޲ɣֻû˷֣ٵϢɾ©ˡ
޷ѾɽȺܽˣȫǰĻʱܸϵ
һ˼©٣ȵΧҲӦܹʱϵɽȣֻҪʥڴؾǿ߹ǶҪˡ
⵹Ҳǡ
ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
СĽˣƻ൱θڣ
ǰʱҲ䲻˳ۺܾˣΪ侭鷳ƫƫû취԰ôΪԷ׵ĵӣϻǵӡ
ȻڣͶջʳ濶Ըû˿ѹ
ȻڰСܻڱڣڱȳģοбڣÿμ涼һ̰Ŀⶢ濣ԱȵӡҲܲá
ȣͶջʳɵġ
оԴ϶ջʳȡˣߴǧձң濲ҪձңΪڱѩʶձûκã
Ҫֻս͵ҩһЩ似ţȻ似ûô׵õֻҪõһЩս͵ҩǴвˡ
ϾڱѩʶչҪʵ̫̫࣡
Ӱܿͳҹ뿪֣һƬѩҰ֮ϣ˵ƬҰĵмǿĺԲŻ⸽γһƬѩ֮أ˭Ҳûǰȵȥ֤
ʱıһƬžΨʮɽŵĵӣţ˯

ɽŵʱһȥΣʮɽӣĵĻ⡣
ǰհʦ˵ɽΪջʳ´󹦣õһļսĽ
ǲջʳֱͳ޿зĻᲢ١ֻϧʵ΢ֻɽ
Ҹ˵¶Ǳ˵ȥʦѾ̸ˣձҪһǰɽȣΪջʳ£ǰʦҲҪһЩ֡ҺĸϵʱңҪҲȥʶʶĻ
ٺ٣ȻҪȥʶģͰʦ㣬㲻ܳҲܺǾܵõ켶սѾǺܲˡ
ǣǹϵôã϶ὫҶµĶԲԣգɵý

Щ˵̸һüҪð
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Ҫʲôͣܵõһļս϶ǰջʳѹĳЩ϶ҲǺվһߵģ
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䣬ǰҸ״нΪȫǰҵͣû뵽ȻҵͶջʳΪջʰ¡
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ʱȣҲûʲôʱȥסһȵĳϱʣٶȳ񵤸ڵĵطȥ
ڵҩڴһЩΪõҩһ;
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似ſڣһźɫȹٻӰС濣
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ֻһͨҲ䣬ò˵ΪΪ󵨣ȻΪ󵨣ȫ˰Ԥϣ


617 ֮
һͨΪĻܽնɱҪ̫
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ֻϧг룬ֱӴ̽󣬾ĵȻʴȥڴɱȥ
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˼ģз׷ӿֳһͷЩҪԿ濺ǲܵˡ
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ȻҲûܵĵƣеǧöξ֮ʯĵƣ
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ԭ濻ðǺӣ㱻ͶջʳҲӰˣȴû뵽ôˣΧɱľɲ
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ֻҪʥɽȣʥ˱һ·̹;Ѹɱ޿뿪ջʳ
ȻʱһȺɫ۵޳ߵУҶԷҲܿ췢ۣٶΧ˹
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ȥ¹Ƚгⱦʱν죬ֻ֪Ůߡ
ӶԼһս˵ǵ̤ͨؾһսȴ벻̤ͨؾʱ޿ѾĴ䡣
ͨΪ˵ֻͨǵһĲΣʵҪսĻͨĻҲǸǵģٶǿʮ
죬гಮ
üͷ΢壺ˣؾආΪ壬ֻǳ¹ȳѰǵһСֶӣǿ¹ӦҲڸ
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кһǼ֣ɱǳಮ죬֣ܲܵһߣٶȸʥɽȣ
á
ĵ˵ͷҲһ߸ϵģǸϲȴΪиϵҩͨ
쵱ͷײϣҲ볢Իɱ˶ԷȻ濶ˬĵط¹ȵΪ
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ۼǰ˿ûм١
ͳಮˣ濺Ӱ̱뿪˶飬Ҫȥ֪ͨ顣
ԼǴһȺ¹ȵ۸ǰҪȥ·


618 һ
ͳಮ˵濺ûôϡ
ԸಮҶԸ졭ϣ
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ಮǳ¹ȽеĴܼңȻʼվڳ¹ϵģȥ¹Ƚгⱦ꣬ǳಮӴ
ҲͨΪҪս϶ԵҪǿ࣬Ҫֻ֪ҩֻͨͨеһĲΣ似ĵϸǲһͿ
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֮ǰԼսڱʵʱŵԵʱ
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غǰ˿ûн˷ӣʼ濵Ϸ
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޼ɵ˵Ż濾ǰغ˵ǵסˣȴҲóȻ֡
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ֻϧû뵽һʼʹҪɱ⣬˵ٶĻһ
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ξ֮ʯ֣ξĵ˲ӵ˳УغһȫУ
ԭޱˣֱӾͱô


619 ƿʥ
غôͣһǧöξʯȻںһ𣬲Ҹֳˡ
Ӱֻһ̧֣ǿξغߵͨǿ߶Уȫ޷԰Ρ
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ų¹ɱĸĹŲӰЩɻȥʱѾΣϿͻʥɽȵǳɫĻϡ

¹¿ǳɫĻϵȱڣȻ֪濺Уȴô벻ףƾСӣʥɽʲôã
Ҫ˵ųʥĻô׵屻ʥɱģض濺Լ¹ʵ벻˵Ŀġ
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ܹˣڲһʱ֮ڣ㽫ʥɽȳװΧ
濺ܹʥɽȳҲǸ뿪ȥģΪУ˹ľˣôܻ뿪
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벻ǴʥɽȣǸ׼Ըˡ
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СӣǲҾɣ
а͸ɭǾʥԼȾ͵ûκλ·
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¹ȵĳٷҲ˵ͷЩڴӰߵøлһɱ˳ء
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ҪʥĻĲУΧʥɽȵĽˣûκһС
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ȴû뵽ǧ棡
˭֪ŽΧʥɽȵȫɱ⣡

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Ѿֱվһʥ֦ϣ֦ϣȻ֮ǰһһԵüΪֲ
ʥɽУ֦ÿһ֦ӵмΪǿսߵͨǿߣֻܵһ֦ˡ
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վʥ֦ϣʥǿƥϢ֪Ԩдɱ¾ֻܿȾѪˣ
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š
˵ͷȻڸŲٿʥо
Դʯʥϵһܹĸܵʥ̺ɱ⡣
ʥʵֻʹһͨɡ
ʹɭһ֪һȷһֱڲһöͨӣѿγνʥʥ֮гɱ⣬ؾޣضʥɱ¾̫õĻҲƣƣߣԼúðա
һ漴˵ͷ
ȵսӦܹܵʥƣ̶ȣҪʥɥʧս֮ǰ뿪ջʳС
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620 ɱ¾ʢ
ʥɽȵǳɫĻϣܿһδˣǳ¹а˺ǺӴ򿪵ģǴɽԶ򿪵ġ
һĻðΧʥɽȵǰһ
СӹȻҪˡ
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¹෴аΪ裬۾ϸ۲ǳɫĻϴ򿪵ĵطһ۱һЩͬѰ֮
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ажãȻʶʥͱʥˣɱǧ£֪Ϊ
ڣаȴҲûкˣΪʥû־ڵĻ΢һЩսƾԼĻôܲס޵ը
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ΧʥɽȵޣͨؾĴڣ׷׳ǳɫĻϳֵȱڴɱȥ
һͱ÷ǳң޵ʩչδʥ໥ײһը˿
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а䣬ǳɫĻڴܳļʥ֦ʱԼٶϮ˳׾ٵĽüͨؾԼüʮؾ޾С
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ʥ֦һ·˲ɱôʮˣһóüΪңǸޣһʱɢӿȥûκԸʥĴ㡣
ۼһƬޣԭ޿ޣʥ꣬Ȼ˵һμʥȴʶҪʥԶһ㡣
ȺɢӣʥɽϵǳɫĻϣһһķ·ڻ漴ԽԽʥ֦չΧۼȺɱ¾ȥ
аͳ¹ʱȻ֪϶ƴԼʥųˡ
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¹뵽濣Сӵ츳ǷǳֲģʱյĻ˵ɲСвȻȴΪ˷ųʥ̫޴ˣ
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аƻʾͬ⣬˵ͷҪ˽ǣƣƾҲֵסʥȫ
νǣƣȥڻˣʥעؾǿ߳ûնʥ֦
ܿ죬ϰǣƵ޾ͱѡ˳Щ޲̫ҪȻʥһӾŪˣ𲻵ǣƵãȻҲ̫ǿȻĻʧ̫󣬹аͳ¹ʹ
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죬ٶȷЩ֦ⶫڿţ
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˴ŵЩ£Ҳ׷ȫ֣Ըʥ֦
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ͻıùаͳ¹˶ûܼʱӦǵص֦ӿϮа˶С
ͷֻаеĺڽٶȻҲֲĹа˲նǧʥ֦Ȼһ̱㱻֦û޾ʴ֮£ֱӾûϢ
ǿаʥ֦һΪʥ֦֣
˹аȫʥ֦ĵһӻָ˴룬Ҫ֪аؾǿߣȻ١
ʥɽõǼļƷսڽһ£㽫
벻ô׾ͳ˹аȥǳˡ
վԣõаĺڽ֮ɫԭûôڴжı֣ȷ۽硣
ƿʥɱаɲѰܹģ
濲δѯʲôƿʥֻҪ֪վͬһߵľ㹻ˡ
ɱ˹а֮ĿתƵ˳¹ϡ
Ȼа׳̾룬ͷȴ̫ˣ֦ڻɱ˹а֮ȫûͣͣ㳯ųϮ˹ȥ


621 ɱ֮
ͬһӿϮ֦ɫ䣬нŵĻ޶Ȼͬʱȫڣһͷ񣬷·ҪƬضմ
쿿Щ֦׷ױĵĶԿȻƾУΪͻȻ֦һջ٣ܿͻǧ֦
Ȼʥ֦ʵ̫ˡ
ǳսˣǧ֦վǱ֦ΧУĵ˶
ؾǿ߸㶨ˣʱɱȥˡ
һĨ⣬ܿǴļƷĻս䵽Уֱûжо
ļƷսѾûʲôоıҪˣûȥʱ͸˭У
䵽УͱѾʥ޾֦û
ǿ߱ɱ濵Ȼٹʥɽڡ
һ̣ʥӰɽ֮ɱ˳ȥ
ȻʩչֶΣԼ֦УĻУҪ˵ʣЩͨؾؾޣؾ޳֣ܷ濵ټ
УʥȻ뿪ʥɽȣͷϮɱ
׵Ǹ͹аϰͨؾޣΪǾ챻֦֮ЩҲܿ첽˳͹аĺ󳾡
ԭΧʥɽȵޣһ̷׷ɢӿҪ֪͹аؾǿ߶ˣôܶԸʥ
ˣˣٶ֪ͨջʣʥųˣ
һߵͨջʳޣΪĽ´ȥȻûüתʮ֦˲ɡ
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ȴ벻ڣʥȻڿն𣬳űȥ
񼣽ٰջʳΪŭ飬ʥŻд󣡡
ϣʥɵʲôطȥ˵ܼʲôأ
֪ͨջȥϢ˭һ֪ͨջʣضͣ

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֦ȫչĻ㳤ϰǸȻӸ߿շɹ·һƬƾһ㣬·ȫӰ֮¡
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״̬ѸٳűǰУûκ׷ǣǽӽ˰Ӱħڵء
ֻʱʥûָܻȻֻʣ֮һٶԸһؾǿˡ
ʥȷǿһͨƿأɱؾǿߣֻϧ̫ˡ
Щźתһ룬Ҫⶫɱؾǿ߶ûһ˿˵ĻҲ̫Щ
ܿ죬ӰħڵİӰɽǰ
಻ɽ֮УɭȻħ鲼֣ӹаƮĹʱûӵôĵط
Ȼڹаʥ֮УаЩɭȻܿͻɢˣϾЩɭǹа֮ãȻаôԭ޿϶ؾǿǰƿء
ؾǿߣȻϣԼɭĴڡ
濣Ҿ֪ǻ
˷ħ뵵İӰɽʱһȴǰ̺޾ķŭͺɱһ㡣
һҪ֪ں濿ʩչֶεģԷȻܹǵ
һ̧ͷһǰİӰɽУȴһȺɫ۵ޣ׷״Χ˰С
ΪһˣɫۣȻǳ¹ӣٷ壡
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ȻڸģǾµȥɡ
ٷһºӣֶԸСӣͽǺֵˡ
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һΪˬʵһȺ޴ӳ¹ڶг֣ȻɫӢǺӣԼ˶ٵꡣ
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ȻԷѾ֣Ͳκԥ
ǺӸճֵʱƺ˵䳡滰ʱȻ߶Դʯͷųʥ
ؾǿߣ򵥵ɱ취ǷųʥЩ˿²뵽ʥ˵Ȼͬһսͷţ
·޾֦ӳնڱסˡ


622 
ʥϮóнΧסڶ޷׷һ𣬻æ˿ȥ
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Ψ̤ؾǿºӣΡȻԭϸ۲ͷųʥ۾
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ģǰҲûôէȻ̾;
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Ȱ൱ǺӺºԣȻǲϵģѾŮʲôǰ;
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ǺûκλӦЩ±Զ˿ȥɲʥӲƴºӣгնһһ֦֣ľġ
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ջʳӺӣ˸ʩչͺģԷкͺն˲֦ʥ˵˺ûʲôΣա
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ڵ밵ӰԡĶļ϶ѣԶúأǾֻһ֮ңˡ
ʩչֶΣһʱ߶ԴʯʥԷŴˣȻֻȱâ
ٺ٣ʥҲ˰ˣնνʥ
ӼԼɱʥ֦һЦ漴̧֣Ĵʥ׷ɱ
ҲʱһξĵʼڰӳϢɢȫïܵʥУջʳݶ˾Ȼδһʱ䷢֡
ǷйŹֵʱȴѾˡ
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ջʳݶˣԶºӣҲͬУξĵɢʴԺͬһʱ˻þ֮С
ɱ
ȻŹᣬ߶ʥ֦һʱ䳯˺ĵĸ߸ɱȥѸۣǸ߸
ѾʩչֶΣȥöԸһ㣬ѡȽ߸նɱ
ξӰ֮£ؾǿȫûκεֿ׾ʥնɱǸ߸ӡ
ţյ֦ºɭȻ£˲㽫ûûϢ
ûеֿ£ʥ޷ֵ֦۶£ֱӱܽκ࣬ճΪԼ֡
ؾǿ¶ǣʥһӾ֦˲ֵǸ߸ϣ˲ɡ
ļƷս䵽Уջķᣡ
ؾǿ߾ȻˣԶԶΧŵĳٷȳ¹ȵɫ䣬תܡ
ǿؾǿߣԻأ
ȻȴٿصʥˣŵͬʱҲŵΧˣٲԭ׷ٶ롣
ܣ
ɱ߶ʥ㳯ؼǳ¹ӳٷɱȥ·һ֦ת˲ҪٷҲһˣ
ٷ츳Ǵ󻼣Ź˭ܷŹ
ٷۿ֦ԼϮжʱų֮ɫҪҲܣ
һ̣ٷȫƶȻһŨĻΧ˷·̥һ㣬һ˲ǿʮֹ
Ȼ̤ؾ
״һʱЩȻ벻ٷȻͻˣӿЩ鷳ˣ
ξ֮ʯеɣؾǿξѾȫϢܳʱָܻˡ
ʥ˵ǿߵõ˲䣬ҪԸһؾǿߣûôס


623 ħ
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һ䣬漴ʩչӰȥΣֻʥȻҰУͬһա
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ȴǳٷ̤ؾȴ˿ûĳУһģɱ⡣
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ȴ֪ǿ߶Ϊξ֮ʯξűʥ֣ڣȴѾľξ״̬С
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ˣ˶ɢӿȥûٴ濵⡣
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ؾǿߴͷĻԸŴմ֣ûĹǣ˭ԼЦ

˳ŰӰħٷ򼲷ɹȥܿܵ·Ȼһ֮ɶһۡ
ȥɡ
밵ӰħٱȽϽ˵аӰħٵĵӡ
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֮ǰаӰħٵĵħԨ˰Ӱ־Ӱħٱ⣬ƿʥķȵȸˡ
ڿЩϢȷԻдȶɷϵǣӰħٵȷڰԶջʳ޽бġ
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ȵ˿ǱǺӵΧ֮ʱ͸ǼᶨҪ͵ϮֵĴ㡣
ǱǺΧĺ꣬Ȼţ
֮ǰģ⸽ķ籩ħżѡԼȥ̽ż֮һֱûʲôϢ벻ȻڱǺӵΧ
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ȻӵһͨΪͬʱǺǿߣҲǽڽڰˣ˫̫ˡ
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籩ħھջǽ廹ҪǿǴļƷڼƷս
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޴󵶹⣬ѹ˶һһǿƻΪˣȻ˵ǿĵҲնɱǵ
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ȵն꣬Ǻɱ֣ļƷսǳֱӷɳҲȫͷųǿͨͼֱնɱ
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һ̣з籩ħ׿ħγһ磬һһ޴󵶹⣬⵶۵ħǿȣǷŵʮ
һɱﵣҪŶԷʱʩչпܴﵽնɱЧϾԷǱǿϺüؾš
ȻҪȴ
ͨʲôħֻԻԷĻˡ


624 Ǻת
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ʱžȻˣһСֶΣɶЩϲ
Сӣ
ٺһЦ
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Ҳǵ˵ͷŵıΪͣҾƾһ˾ȻܺǺǿ߶ԿôãҲԺˡ
Ҫ֪ͬΪһͨһ޼٣൱ѡ
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˵ͣҪѻǲܵģϾ۱ĵͨΪֻۣõߵͨҲԲܳãҪȻĻ˺αڣٽǹ۱¶ڱǰ
ͨ޺䱬
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ڹ۸Ѹֻۣһ˲ȻƿûȹӦ޾ӿѾ˶ڡ
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ɭȻһ߶ŨҪЩ䱬ĸƿȻȴһ㡣
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һ̣ĺ䱬ƻľⶼûֵܵסֱɢһƬͬʱȡֵĹۣȴҲ޺䱬бҽûʣ¡

ھУЦ
벻ӵʵ޺䱬ͨҲѾ˵ĲΣչֳߵͨʵĹ۶ֱɱ
ȻӵߵͨȻȴֻĵͨΪ߲Ǻܴģߵͨǿߣ޺䱬޷Էɱġ
Ϊǫ˵⵹Ҳʵ
ۿߵͨĹ֮ȴôãûнͨõ似Ĺ֮Ȼֵס濵ͨ
һʣĵͨɭ޾ûʲô˵ˡ
ֻһˣܽˣ


625 ħż
Ź֮ʣһɫ԰׵ɭޣźһ˫о͸ž֮ɫ
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ȻԱΪ飬µʱ䲢࣬δüȫ
ȸ
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Ȼڳ˳Ǻ֮⣬ѾȫҲûʲôҪά־ˡ
׷ɱǺӣûʲôȤֱӽɭ޸ɵˡ
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ʥξ֮ʯѾĹ޷ս
£֦ԼΣվأܵǺӣлʰԷڡ
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Ǽ˶ٵսˣ籩ħƷʵȷͣѹǺҪᵽֻ֣ϧ濣Щɥڴˡ
ȻȻսƽ֣Ȼ˺ۣƾǲҪսʽϲһЩ˺ۣ˵㲻һսˡ
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ʶûʣֱһڷݸĵҩ漴еһˬΪ죺켶ҩЧȻ֮ãǰùĺöˣ
ǵȻջʳòĸ߼ҩǴƶ˵۹ж
ţ濡һһǰУһ߽ڱѩʳˮ˵һ顣
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Ļʱˣ۹ǿջʳǵĴڣ벻濾Ȼһƶ˵۹׷ɱ߸նɱˡ
Ȼ˵ƶ˵ӵҴ濵⣬ֱǻòͷˣҪʱһһһľ
ԭӰɽΪ˰Ӱħٵı⡣
ܿž֪˵ĿģȻһǰҽ˷籩ħż֮ľ˵һ顣
ĺһ·ԭ޿㵽Ħի˵Ƿ籩ħż֮С
ż֮УһһսʼֵĶ֣ͬޣÿսʤһǰ޾ͻǿһ֡
ͬʱֻҪÿսʤһͻõһЩõĵҩܹ֮һ磬ͬʱ籩ħƷҲ
Ƿ籩ħżȫڶԷ籩ħӵ߽пʹУ
Ϊˣп鴫У뿪ż֮󣬲ӵͨؾΪԼѾΪļƷսķ籩ħ
⻹Ƿ籩ħյ㡣
żе֪żһϹħһݵ㣬ܹҵϹħŵıżڣеķ籩ħܹһ
ͨħߵʱֻܻӳǰĵˣͨѾǺ¶Ҫȫֵ
֪ܽͨ򵽸߲Σӵ
Ƿ籩ħżУŻõһдļ似ʱδΪŸոմħżг˵濴ɽȵ飬㳯ⷽϹˡ

˵˫飬ѸǰеĹнģȫû˷ʱ䣬Ϊ˶֪ڿûʲôʱ˷ѣʱǿ׷ɱ֣ǱϽ뿪С
Ĳ˵һؾ׷濶ûκΰ취Ը
ڣӰħٵıѾԶûã˱һһ׵Ԩͷ
Ӱħ٣㽨ԨԣɭܣԨд磬ħΪŨ
ԭ޿еһţӰħٵڵأ
ֻϧڣⰵӰħٵѾΪưܣջʳִս֮ħ֮нʩƻԲﶼһƬߣκڡ
Ҫ˵ˣҲֻаӰħٻдĵӣԼջʳħĶᾭˡ
Ԩͷʱ򣬺üӰʱԨԵİӰħٽ˳ÿ˶ۣжΪѸݡ
ЩǰӰħٵĲӣóǶ˲ûж⣬ҪȻͲ¶ˡ
Ҫ֪ӰħٵĵμɼΪĦի죬ҪĻ濶ֲˡ
ৣৣৣ
֮߸Ӱԣһˣ֮ǰ濵İӰħٵħԨ
ˡ
ħԨɳƵ漴ָ̧ԨɣǰӰر⣬Ψĵ߲ܹ򿪡
·
濵˵ͷ漴һ𣬸ħԨ⼸Ӱħٵӣһ׵Ԩȥ


626 ħڱ
Ԩ֮£ƮɢһӰĵӣֲָ
ħԨߵͨޣ⼸ӰħٵҲͨǿߣԭ޿һţˣôǿڰж
ˣ㽻ˣȸˡ
ܿ죬ħԨ˴ˣһ·˾ǧɵһɽſڣ˹˵
ǲһȥ𣿡
Щʡ
ˣӰԸⱦڿ
ħԨ˵ЩӰħٵĵӣƬϲսȥֱȫܸջʳȥʮʧ
һΪǴǰѩʳ
Ϊź
Щ츳ޣ絽Ѿû̫أȻȴͬ
ħԨɫǰӰϯĦի죬츳пδԽӰΪܹջƥеĴڡʱΪǱ𣡡
⻰֪ԭħԨУĦի츳ǿģȿǿ
Ҫ֪ĦիһڱѩʳչĻħԨô⽫ħٱ濵İɣ
ȻʼմžģֹħԨαװݺǵġ
δЩӰħٵϲһ˿һɱ⣬˷Ĳ١
Ҫ˵޵ƣ似;֮ϣڶĸӦɱ
̤һֱڣѾΡ
ħԨ˵֮ⷬ󣬱ЩӰħٵĵӷ׷׳Ϸȥܿʧˡ
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ʹȻսһµûʲô⡣
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Ӱħٵεѣرߵͨǿߣܹ֡
ɽʲôĻߵͨħԨȻôĵĴ뿪ôҲÿ̤вС
ħԨȰӰħٵӿɲ֪ʹĿֲڸܹٿһ

ĵɽеһʯţ˵һⷿ䡣
һⷿУŲ켶ս켶ҩһЩļҩֻࡣ
ⱦеĶûʲô̫Ĵڣֻչ˵ôԴȴǼΪҪģЩҩ㹻һһʱһ磡
ȻųΪ޸츳޷أȻôԴѾ㹻ḻˡ
켶սҲһƷƷƷУ㹻װһСӣȫӵ켶ս
ջʳѩʳĲΣ켶սʲôׯ԰޸ۡ˵켶ս൱Ĵڡ
Щ켶սܱ켶սûеĺãǽڴļսǿսˣѰ˵Ƿ
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һҪȫһŵĻҿ´򲻿ˣӰǹ⿼ңʵܵõĶ
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Ƚȥ㲻еĻԡ
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밵ӰĴﵽ弶ϣˣĵĲο϶ȲԴʯ̺
濲еĻԴʯԡ
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ڣȥȻǴŵҩսΪϡ١ܹսͶʮҩƿȫǴļĴڣ
ļս԰ӰֶΣȻܸôõĶҲǶ御ˡ
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Ȼ˵ϡļս޿˵ļսǷǳģǰ޿Ҳֻʮļս
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Ҫʱ䣬䵽ջʵУ
뱨𣬱ʵҪʵ뾭ʱ͸ҵɱ
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Щ似ţǺͨ似ĲȱĴļ似統ӻԪ״ѧħɱǲȱĻĹŲӰ
ĲȱĴļ似а취ǲȫׯ԰޸֮ۡ
ǰһֱ˵
κʱ뱣ԼȵλûѧϹż似֮ǰ󷽵Щļ似ȫȻ͸ˡ
ڣѧϹż似ļ似Ҳûʲô
ΪСˣ˧֮ģڱԼ˳ʱû˿ܵһ֣һֱ׼
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ԣʱɴ۾ɣ㾹Ȼܲȫļ似ˣ۲Ӱ似ħɱеѵ㲹ȫħɱã
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˾֮ʶĴڣתµĶһ£濺ŵɴ۾Ϊ𾪡
Ǹֲ̥츳ôߡ
ͷһ˵ˣȻܹͨʲôоȥȫļ似ġ
ȥɱ˵ļ似Ҳȫġ
һ䡣
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ѾֳһĨڴ֮ɫڴļ似ûҪ֪ļ似ֶͨΣѧļ似ͬսƼ
ܹ֮ŴԽɱУΪ˴ļ似űͻĹӰɱĹӰɱĺɱûлĹӰɱĻ֮ǰ˲֪ٴˡ


627 Ϲ
սҩ似߱ƽʱʵ;
֮⣬ʵܵصӰ죬ϼȵȡ
ڶⷿУֻսҩ似濹Ȼ򲻿ͨһⷿʯš
д߶Դʯɽ򿪣档
ķһҪˣ
Ц˵
ƾɺԨõĻԵˡ
һЦȻ߽ǵⷿ䡣
ⷿеĶ͸ˣֻȼڷڹϣէһȥ֪Щĺö
ҩƿУȻװ͸״ˮԼĴָСȻܹϳ̶ȵþ
ⶫ濶ùһˣҪãֻе̤ؾ֮УҲȫûЧ
ӣһöˣöԺ˵
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ڵţֻ밵ӰһϣȽģҪǸһĻܷӳз籩ħǿ
ƾ籩ħĴУȫɳԲ
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ŵõþ֮󣬱ȫˡ
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þ֮⣬ⷿУһЩⱦУȻöĿӡ
Ŀӡɹ޴ڶεϵ˵֪Ρ
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֮ԴԴ֮أ磬ֻǾ֮СˣȻܴ֮Դ
磬ĿӡѾܹǿĵ;ˣ
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ȶееӶųˡЩˣҲúúһ
š
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ĵŴﵽǧ֮һкܳһ·Ҫߣʱ϶ûʲôʱȥĿӡġ
ӵĺͺģʱѾãֻҪѾİãһͲܵв
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ԶϷʱƾħģӰħ٣޿һţͨܹҵԴͷӶøǿ
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ǰһ漴뵽Ħի졣
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˵ͷɫ̿״ĶʲôУվǲľ֮УûҪᡣ
ʹҲûгͱⶫ;֮û취ȣûҪᵽ֡
һ䡣
̧ͷ˰ӰʯţɻɫӰԼʼӰħٵĶ˵䣬ȥĸлʲôĶ
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濴ɻ̤˵ĸⷿ䡣
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һһ䡣
սϹĹҪϵĻƳϹżս
ʹɭУҲһ߳ϹŹǣǽһɫʦٿƳʮö󵤣Ϲżҩÿǿ޵ǿȡ
Ϲżϣ
ʱǰһǲɶõﰡ
Ǻɫ̿״ħٴʼ֣֮ʹû˵ʲôϹ׹ȴʹָ㣬ɼı
սϣϹ׹ƳʮöϹżҩÿǿ޵ǿȣ൱һǿ似
磬޶似Ϊ似ֻּ̫ܱͣΪѣû̫á
󵤲һֻҪãԶ壬Ҫʲôǿ
磬¶ûĵҩֹ
ҪϹżҩٵ̤ؾĲΣ磬ؾεʦɲ
ʹĴһ
޷ܹ̤ؾʱƵҩ١
ȣȫû˿ɥ֮ɫ


628 
ʹԼôģֻЦһû˵ʲô
Ϲһ߰׹׼ԺʹãˣӰеĶȫ̽ˡ
ˣŻþҲżȥ
ž֮ɫⱦУ϶ҹھͳȥĻпܱջʳ׷ɱߴš
Ҳ˼Ǿһʱ䣬Σ
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һ̫̣°ɣ
ֱ˵ѩʳĺ֮ᣬڲٰ֮죬ǻȥ̫Ļ˵ƶ˵Щˡ
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Ե˵ͷȷƶ˵زòǡ
뿪ѩʳʱ򣬺֮ỹн²ŻῪʼԨ»һң֮ᣬڼʼжѣ˭Ҳ֪֮ƶ˵ǻ˻᲻۹⡣
Ҫ磬ǷȱĸԴʱ䡣
Դ࣬õʱȴ࣬Ҫǳʱ䱻־׵Уû취
ڼȻڰȫħٱ⣬ʱ˵

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Ƚİ㹻ĲΣʱٴһ磬뽫ĺĶԼսܹøֶΡ
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ڱĸ䣬ڵ䣬ڵڶ䣬˸ԷֿԼԼġ
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꣬۴˵࣬൱ڵؾޣȻˣ۴˵ȫһ޷ֿҺɱƾӦ֪似Чˡ
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ǰһȻ֪֮ʹʲôĴڣ໥൱һͨؾĻôȫһ޷ɱʹǼΪ˵ġ
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ʹ似ΪڴҲ֪ǿ似ضΪѣҾڶʱڴɡ
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ʹɭȻĻ£漴оԼͷһһŨʴܿľ֮С
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壬ױ޵ΪһֻأߴֻΪһؾ硣
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ÿһḶ́ر𳹵ףȫķֽΪƬȻӰ¿ʼۺϡ
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Ƶʹ࣬ǰҲȴҲԶԶûôңҵ
Ѱ˵һεֻأ㹻Ǿʧֱ̤ˡ
оԼ˷·УڷԼ;ÿһʱ䣬ܵʹǿһֹһʱ䣬ѾҪ֧Ųסӡ
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629 С
κ˵ǼĥȻҲһ
ʹ߶Ӱ£ľͬʱĥĸܵԼÿһλ·𱻷ֽ˿մ֮һ
ʹ࣬綼ûκʹֻ࣬Ҫѧĳ̶ȡ
Ҫ̫żƷ似Сɣ߲ΣʹؽڸӾҲ֪ٱ
޾ĥУĵҲڷĹС
ֻڰ֮˰ٷ֮һģҽѧɹ
ٶȣʹΪ֮ȡ
Сӣ־ǰδеǿ󡣡
ѧɹʱʹɭȻʹʱ򣬶ûгڳܵʹֻ࣬ҼƺԲϼӴǿȣҲͼӿٶȣ벻һֱ
˫ۣ֮ǰʱһֱڼΪʹ಻״̬ǻ˸ˣѾܲסȴӲĳ
壬ѧɹҵ;ǿȣѾ֮ǰʮ
оâ˸
֮ǰֻþģԼ÷ħֶδ˾ɾ˵һصľİ壬ʱѾܹӲԼǿ
ڣոճѧӲ濵һ׶ε޾⣡
Ȼʩչڶ׶ε޾⣬ͲܹƾֵˣϾֲͬε
濵ĵһ׶޾⣬Ƚϴ׳Ըͨ޵ǲ࣬ϸǿĶ־û취ˡ
õڶ׶ε޾⣬ͱϸС͸ȴøǿߵͨǿߵķпֱܽƿ
޵ͨεܹ򵽵죬̤뵽ľ磬͸ӿֲˡ
ڲһͨѾĵͨʵѰĵܹͨᲢۡ
ǰڶѾӵ˵ֿʱɼ̫ż似ǿֲ֮
Ѱĵͨޣ֮ǰ֮飬ҹ⿿ȫֵ乥ƣֵֻ̫ܵá
ʶԼǿȣʹǵõЩο
ɡ
ڴ֮ɫʹ
ʱ˿̣ߴ븴ֻأǵָֿ֮ǰǿʮټĵֻҪ̫ƣַӾȫָˡ
һֵߴֻأʹ̶Ƚʤ֮ǰҪ׼
ʹ˵
ɡ
նû˿ԥ
Сӣɫʹϲ
ʹԭֻǻԿ̬ܳܲɳڣʹѾ˲͡
־ǿ󣬶ĵҲֻҪһʱ䣬ҪɳǱȻ顣
ʹ֮ԸȻԼ˽ĵģĿģڵȻ֪
Ҳ֪ʹǵҪԼȻԷĴԼʵøǿֶΪأ
ȥҪ£ʹֻİ塣
һأܵʹ֮ǰ¸ӾңһʼͲֱʧȥʶ׼ܵԼȫ¶˺ѷմʱŬԼʶѡ
ʹ۲ı֣ҡҡͷС־жǿڶʱҲСˡ뾫񣬾ʵ̫󣡡
ɲ֪ʹ룬ԺΨһͷҪȥֻҪסȥʱʹ尾Сɣ

ʱ䣬һһιȥ
ͺǹȥ˼ʱһڴֻĥгʱ˲εȥһֱļ֣ҧأȻ˫ۡ
ͦˣ
ԼǿȣʱһϲСɣǿȱǳѧʱ̶ȣѾΪֽˡ
ڲһͨǿȾѾ֮ǰͨѫ
ڵ״̬ΪƣϾ˳һµʹĥڼ䶼ûκϢһ˿ͷˡ
Ҷ˵һµʱͺüһʱУʮĴֻأ־øһ㣬᲻ɴݡ
壬Ĳֻǿȣоǿȡ
ܹôѰĻþӰ֮ģǰͬ裬ΪľἫΪǿ󣬲ܵκξӰ죡
ȻڵǸ̶ȻúأֻľǿҲ֮ǰǿ˲٣ֻҪ̫ǿĻþѾ޷Ӱ쵽ˡ
Сɣ̶ȣˡ
ʹ𣺡Ҫɣڵľ״̬ѾԼȥǿֻ᳹ҵϹżľ޸ҩܹ֮ˡ
Ϲżľ޸ҩ
ԣЩɻ̤δ˵޸õĵҩ
ңҪϹżĵҩƶ˵۹Ӵ۹¶ҵּϡеҩ
ҲĻҵǿԸ飬ȥĳطѰҡǰܹ̤ؾǰǴżȫ
ʹĶһЩϣ
Ȼʹ֪ʲôطֵҩôͲҪˣȥֻҪŬˡ
Ͽ켶ļҩЩҩѾջʳڵеҩࡣ
Щҩһ𣬾㹻ͨĲΡ
ĿǰǷȱģֻǶԵڶͨˡ
ͨҪΪͨ϶ҪĳΪ
ţѧ˾Ϲż似ͲˣѰޣþ׽޷þԸĶ֣ͨҲ϶Ըˡ
Ͼͨʱ϶ûϹż似ôãҪ򵽵ĲΣȴҪѼʱ䡣
ȱľʱ䣬ܰʱ仨רͨϣͨĽֻʹ㹻֮ȻȻͻƵͬξУĦիͨԺ֮󣬲ͨիӰϮ˳ͻơ
һǷȱıƾֵֶ֣ܹ֮ˡ
úģ
ǰһ뵽һģܹԺΪĳͨĻܹͨӵбȾָ֮ǿֵЧ


630 ͨ
ĺ;ģǿģֻһֱû׵似ֶΣԭ
ڶͨĻᣬȻܷŹ
ĺģ˵Ҳ൱ڴ֮Դǿģĵ̫ǳŰٷ֮һĸȫûʼأȻͲͨ
ģģܹնֵתΪãΪֵͨЧض
ţʼģͷų֮Ч
СɿʼʹͲٳ֣Ȼǲָϸʲô
ȻʹǰĳЩطָܹΪһǿߣȴ֪ŶӵԼ˼롣
رߵͨѡϣ˶죬ⷽ棬ʹʲôġ
ͨ棬ֻԼŬڵͨƷ㹻ߣʲôͨһʼͻǵġ
ĹŲӰ
ţ׼ʼʵһĹŲӰȻŻĹŲӰԼͷźġ
һ̵ĸܵĵЧ
ͬʱʩչֻ似ģδ׼ɹĵڶͨЧ
ڲģݵͬʱͣķø켶ļҩΪ١
֮ǰͨޣ죬õҩ磬ͨΪСֻеһĲΡ
ޣֵ¸һغ϶ûܳɼʵս
˵ܹǿ޵ĻֻעĻսǲǿ
һ;У似ͨսʵҪɲ֣κһڶܺӡ
൤ҩܿﵽ̤ͨƿȻȴδżĵģŵڶ̬ͨ
ͨؾܾһǰ;˵Ľ׶ΣߵͨΪǿô̤ؾʱߵͨпܽΪߴ
ؾǿߵǿֶΣҪͨ򵽵ھܹɱΪ
֮ǰؾǿߣûһܹﵽ̶ȵģһܹ̤뵽Σôǿ뵱ͨǿйˡ
Σʹ˵һЩͨҲǳ
һ֮Ŵֻ似Լ۵ĻĹŲӰУҪ̬ͨ
ÿһޣܾԼ̬ͨЧܷ֮ͨӵԼеЧ͵ÿֶˡ
ûһܹȫԤȾԼ̬ͨվǻЩࡣ
ͨӡ
žâʼڵʵĺģҽӵеļȡӡЧӵһС
ӡǣҲʹ֪һЩء
һأһ˫̥ޣǸԵӡǶǲͬġ
޵֮սϣƾľӡǡ
мȡӡЧʹ˵ǰʩչֶΣʩչҪ͵Ķࡣ
мȡֻӡֻǼȡеİٷ֮һжǳأѱ˷ֺ赲ԶֵӰ΢΢
Ϊӡǿģٷ֮һĻӡһʱܹöԷָԭˣʧٷ֮һӡǣӰս
ҪӡʧһЩȫͬˡ
ӡȱʧһ룬ôԭϵսϣӶԴ߶Ǽսޱսٻᱻһ롣
ңӡȱʧԽ࣬ԽԻָȱʧ˰˳ɵӡǣô޼Զ޷ָȫʢ״̬
ƾʹ֪Щ֪ʶԼĶͨλΪӡרնֵӡǣ
ǶԸʵȽģһлӡȥܽԷӡȫߣöԷֱӻԣһֲˣ޻ָĿܡ
ʵȽǿģһ˵ҲʲôЧĶԿȡӡֶΣҪǿѹƣһܺõƶԷսá
ȻͨЧΣɲҶԼ飬ֻͨȴԼ̤˶ͨ˵

չº̤˶ͨԼĵڶͨӡ
ӡЧ޷ûĹŲӰˣҲҶ濺дʹãΪСļȡ̫ӡԶԷĴݲпԵģû취ָ
׺ݵֶΣԸԼˣдҲܣһɾͲˡ
Уδ濡ż棬ҲĽҪͷ໥䶼ûдš
ȥͿʼԴʯ
ĵḶ́Ѿᳵ·κİʱѾǧ֮һģһºɹ˰ٷ֮һģﵽ˺һĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ̶ֳȵûֶμĻʵսãѾˣĺĶһ̶ȣ϶Ҫһͨġ
ÿڶ߸ͨӣҲ˵ӵ߸ͨ߸ͨ޶һĶˡ
Ҳֻ㣬ԶѰ޵ܹ࣬ÿͨòͬˡ
򿪱ʯŵʱ򣬱ѾȺʱˡ
ˡ
濼ʱЦһЧ̤ͨˣϲɺأ
Ҳǡ
΢΢һ̣ô̤ͨ˵ҵڻ֪Щͨء
һ֪ġ
ȴδԼֶȷ˵ͬҲ˵Щһ
֮ǰĳ˸һ磬ߵֵͨĻҪξ֮ʯʥֱӶԸˣĵȻ濣̤˶ͨԸ߽ͨؾǿߵҲЧ
֮ȥŵʱһȻֻһͨΪȴѾǷ籩ħĴļƷ˴ɾ磡
籩ħĴУȻȲϾ֮ĴУȻҲӵдļƷĵ似С
ǲűǿ似ϴļƷս籩ħܹ֮ǰһԽؾնɱ֣
ƴţ߳һԼ֮·ԭȵҪдһȻѾ̤ͨˣһһ̱
Ȼͬʱƾڵʵһƴ֮
ֱһؾ磬˼ǿ϶û취ˣҪžԻҰܣ


631 
濺ţ˸֮׼һ߳Ӱħٵı⡣
ʱƶ˵ǻ˿϶Ѿμ꺮֮صԼĵ۹ȥ濻ȥѩʳӦòʲôΣˡ
Ϊ˱ʩչֶΣ濺һȥΣȻӰӰħٱ߳
ˣ
һ͸ܵڰӰħٱڴһݣ̧ͷһ־Ȼޡ
֮УȻؾΪΪˣȻ۵꣬ƶ˵ӣ
ɫһȻ״̬³ģŴ߶ĵ򿪰ӰڷӡǾƶ˵ǡ
ûʱ˼ˣһƶ˵ӵ˽ĿͶ˰Ӱڴ濺ţٶȳϿ·ȥ
Ǵ״̬ƶ˵ӵ˲δΣֻǸо˰ӰڴӡĶ
Ȼһ̣ƶ˵һؾ£ٶȴӻͳһžս󽫾һž㳯ΧԼٶɢȥ̼佫У
棡
ؾǿ̺һȻƶ˵ӵ˱㽫Ŀ⳯·תƹһ˱žס濡ˡ
ڼ˵ʱƶ˵ǰһȴûֳɱ⣬ЩɻͬʱЩңƶ˵ӲûҪɱǣҲ͸ǻȥĻᡣ
ñһңһ£ҵˡ
ƶ˵ӿ濺ϴŵЦݣǷģһΣӿûʲô˼ɱ㡣
ߣˣ
ƶ˵սؾǿߣһ۱˺ȵӴ˲Զǧ˵ȺǣΪľǸһЧĻᣬǲʶôɲҪڽյѡ񣡡
һԷ⻰ʱ۾
ƶ˵ӣȻշǵģܿϧû׷ԷĴ㣬濺ţ϶㡣
֮ǰŽƶ˵ӵ飬ΪҪȻˡ
Ѿ˵ˣұΪױ𣬲ܿ顣
侲˵ͬʱʱ۲ŶԷı顣
֣һξܾƶ˵ӵʱ򣬴һһĨɱ⣬һĨɱȴܿ챻ڸסˣЩɻ
˵ƶ˵ӣڱܾ֮߳ŭӦúȻľ½ֱ˲ŶԣϾԷ˫̫󣬸ûͬȶԻʸ
Ȼƶ˵ȴԼɱⰴסˣɼƺɱЩ˼ɡ
濸վܾˣ˾ǲ׷ɱƶ˵ӾԲʲôˣһ濾ܾȴɱڸǴһЩ˼ɡ
˼ɣ²Աѩʳģ
ڱѩʳʱڣǸܵƺЩͬѰƺ⸽磬Ķ˵ϻĴڡ
֮⣬벻κλƶ˵ӹ˼ɵʲôˡ
ʹڸûɲƶ˵ӵзʹ
ãܺãϣԺҪڡ
ƶ˵û˵Ҫɱ֮Ļֻһ̧֣һ׼뿪
һô˵
дΪ裬ʱ׼ŶԷͻȻ֡
ƶ˵ؾһ֣žսƶ˵Ӵתߣڷתʹǰʧˡ
ˡ
濶һۣӶԷзһĨȡ
Ĵ˰˵Щû
ɫ΢΢һ䣬²˵ĵӰȷСƶ˵ӶҪ˼֡
廹֪ô£Ȼȥ֮ʲС
ҡҡͷ˵ȻҲ²ĵԵʣȴȷ
Ͻ߰ɡ
濶˵ͷȻһֱ̧ų׼ٶ뿪˴ǰѩʳ
ʱ˼ͬʱܵһޱȿֲĺ·ѹǳһֶ£
һ󺮱ĵƣĻʾǿߣģ
ģ
ɫ䣬ܵõһ󺮱ԲԶС
Ǹ򣬸պƶ˵Ӹոմȥķ

üҽдǰнһȺʶ飬һſģޣܼгǧͷͬѩһƮɢ
Ȼޣ
ɫ䣬һϳЩޡ
ޣ
Ųԣ콵µЩ
ǲ飬֪ôͻȻôࡣ
ҲɫһгǧͷޣؾͨؾĴڣѾȫΧ
ȻҪĿ겢ȻЩ޵Ŀ껹ˣ
֮ûһͶ˳֣ǼɵڰʹЩޣܹ֪ʹĴڵҲ֡
ƶ˵ӺЩɱˡ
ָһָԶгµļʬ˵
ȥȥ
״ʱǰһƶ˵ӾȻЩɱˣĻᡣ
Ҫ֪ƶ˵ӵݲϾԴŲͬѰıܹõЩɾһӷˣƶ˵һղ֮ֵܼᳬӰевƷ
ǳǧʱȻҪץסᡣ
ҪζԸЩޣͲĿǷΧ֮ˣֻҪƶ˵϶Ū֣ܳȺ˼ʹʱѸ˴
˵ȺĿ겢ˣʹأ
ô˵Ƚƶ˵϶Ū˵
ԭһĹŲӰ֮󣬱㱬ױȵٶȳƶ˵ӵʬ´ȥܿһץסƶ˵ӱɱʬ塣
ǧ޽٣ǿȳԽ˻ʾǿߣƶ˵ӼˣȻǵֵסġ
ƣ
ֳнƶ˵ʬļʵƿƶ˵Ĳˣһ˫ȴأԴŵɫȻû뵽ԼĪֵط
ƶ˵ϣ౦ҪһѰɫذս⾹ҲһϹżսȻֻϹżƷսȴҲ֮ǿսˡ
Ĩɱ
ֱӽɫذеսʶĨɱ˵ɫذսʶǿΪסˣԱɾˣϹżƷİɫذս֮
ƶ˵ֵǮĶȻֹôһ
ܿҵһöĨɱеӡǣ̽һ£ͷװĸֵҩ


632 һ
֮󣬱߶׷ƶ˵ӵʬմպ̫鷳
Ȼƶ˵϶ƶ˵۹ĵ۾ǿߴŭ鷳ǿ϶еġ
٣Ǵļҩʮƿʮţ
պ֮ص濺ԣƶ˵ӵĴУȫǸֵҩսлָõĵҩҲ̺ĵҩǴļҩʮƿ˵켶ҩˣڴռа˼ƿ
⣬ƶ˵Ӵлҡ
ңָڷĿӡھĿʯǮң㹻ͬҵĻͨҾĳˡ
ϧҷչ񣬲ûΪĵֶˣֻеͨһȼ
ջʳ˵ҪʹձңҲǱ˳ϵģֻҵλ̫ߣһö൱öձңƽʱʹðˡ
ƶ˵ӵĴУȻŽʮöңձҾʮˣƸ
ÿҰƶ˵۹ԼĻңջʳձңƶ˵۹϶Ҳƶ˱ңֻͨõģҴһĶһ
ҵ죬ֻǿ֯˲ܹУκȨҡ
ʵ첢ûʲôѶȣԭҲ٣ҵĿӡӰĿʯ
ǣǿɵˣǿ²۾ǿжֻѰһԱ
ۻᣬ˷Ļ
ȻҪ¢ĻҲûʲôѵġ
ʮöңļƷսʮ
ţҵĹЩ˽ġ
ļƷս֮ǰ޿ϰձҵļ۸񣬻ϰöҡ
ƷĴļսƷʮƷֱƷʮսĴļƷսֵö
Ϲżս޼֮ˣ˭õϹżս׳ֵģ˵ǿߣϹżսΪ
ʮöҵ֣൱һʺƣ
Ҫ֪޿һУȺԨĲ㣬ջֵܼ»һöҡ
ƶ˵ϣ׾͵õ˳ʮĲƸɼƶ˵۷ḻ
ļƷҩֻҪʮöҾͿһţ֪ʮöҾжټֵ
ȻõǰɫذףϹżƷսƶ˵߼ֵġ
ô˵ջķᣬȥҪǵľǳǧ콵޵Χˡ
壬Ȼܵˡ
ص濵ԵʱʹȻ
壿
ƺʶ̧ͷһ콵µޣЩ֡
۴ˣ벻ٸ߽Ⱥ˳ԹڳֵЩ壬Ǳǿ߽٣۴˶һֵס
ʹдЩ۴˵СǾ߱ӡģؾϵޣ硭Щļһǳġ
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һԵ濺ſɲ֪ʹĴڣۿǧ޴һ㽫ƶ˵˶ɱˣһݣ֪鲻
ƶ˵֮Ǵ鷳ڿ֮ǰǱȴôѣ
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濿ЩƺЩɵӣֱۣ˵
֪ЩڼɵʲôȻл룬Ȼˡ
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ȴ̧֣˸ԵȵƣҪʹʲô㡣
֪ЩǼɵʹǺ룬ûʹıӻ³¾ͺƶ˵һ
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濵ЩԥתһȴҲ˵ͷɡ
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£֪ҲûҪƭԼ
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һһֵ濺ŴΣȻһһš
ʹǰʼɡ
˵
٣һﵹǸ㣬ǳʹߵϡ
ʹɭȻһЦȻ֮ǰ濺Ŷ˵ΣζԸ⡣
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ţֻһռԼ濡ȫ֣һתΧһƬŤģ
ֻ˲εµѾ濣һֻţѾõ޹ŵڲ
ռԶ봫ͣΪܣʮĸֻˣȻᱻ͵ܸо
Ľ΢˿
뿪ջʳԶǳǧ޵в֮ǰǽ޹ŵ˱ѩʳˮһѩɽУ޹ŵѾѩΧˡ
ʶ޹ŵͨ޹ŵȥ۲ʱһʱ䶼ˡ
޹ŵ֮⣬ҰȫޣѾ޹ŵȫΧ
ЩޣؾʵģҲͨؾΪģؾ޴ڣ޹ŵΧ˸ˮйͨ
ЩޣʹΪˡ塱
˿̣ǧͷͨؾǿޣϽ޹ŵڴţֻϧǧͷ޺£޹ŵŶ˿
¿ɺˡ
һ֪̫ˡ
ʹ˵Щ޵Ŀڿ²ˣЩޣ޹ŵƺǳȤ
޹ŵʹսȻʹȤôʹȤҲֻǣڸΰ죿
üͷ΢壬ôȽŪ˵
ӵһԣȻҡļ򣬾֮ȫܿ⽿С˹
ѹʱΪԶ봫͵Եʣлеġ
һԼ޹ŵ룬һ㶣Ħһ˫ۣΪԼˡ


633 ŵ
濺ܿ͸ڵ״
Ȼ֪ʲôص޹ŵģһȻͰȫˣ˿
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Ļ㽫ʶ޹ŵУܿ㷢޹ŵ֮ǧڳ޹ŵȻʱ޷֣ȴѾ޹ŵΧˮйͨ
ôޣôܣ
һӱò԰ôؾͨؾΧס޹ŵҲֵ˶ðɣ
Ϊ֮ƣֻ޹ŵΧˡ
²˵ôޣˮ޿϶ͷ˲ŶԣֻҪΧ׾ܺ˻ϣˮǡ
ʱҲֻһˡ
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ٿ޹ŵȥΨһ飬ܲܳɹֻ˵ˣϾǶ֪޹ŵҲûмʶֶΡ
ʱûŪţǽһ׼߶޹ŵ
޹ŵвɱܹɱţܹɱһؾ֮µޡ
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ǰһ濵Ļ޹ŵпǲɱĿֲɱܹʩչȥԸЩͨؾ޿϶û⡣
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ӵԴʯҲ޷ǿзεɱΪ޹ŵ;еơ
ǿɾ鷳ˣͷؾ޻вء
üɾͷ˺üͷؾ޴ȺΧ֣޹ŵɶĵɢţƾˡ
ûϵȻʱܷɱ󣬲ȴܴ߶޹ŵ
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ӵԴʯ֮ӵȫٿ޹ŵ൱ں޹ŵ˫һֶζֱܹʩչǷȱľ޷޹ŵ۳ʶˡ
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ûе޹ŵȫȥ壬Χͷ޾ͷ׷˿ȥԶ޹ŵڣҳΧԶɢȥ׼ˡ
֪Ҫ˵û׷ȥ˼ҪҪҵˮˣ֮һԸЩޡ
ܿ죬޹ŵȫȥΣ濵Ĵ߶³ˮڵķǰ
Ҫˣ򵥵ĵȻǰˮڵĵط
Ȼα޳ô࣬ؾǿڶʮͷƾˮǿ϶Ը˵ġ
ڣˮڱѩʳأˮôޣѩʳ϶Ӳܡ
߶޹ŵˮȥʱ;ȫޡ
޵Ҳв٣޶Ѿ˱סʬ壡
ɼһαڣҲ֪ĿΪʲôʹ˵ԽؾǿǲܽٵģΪо۵ķӡػ
ȻˮڣֻҪһ۾ǿ߽٣ѩʳû취Կˣ


634 ӡ
һ𣬴߶ε޹ŵһ·ˮȥһ·ֻܼޱסʬ壬Լ֮ǵصıޡ
ӣˮ˿´Ѿ⣬ˮпܡ

Ҳһ֮ɫ޹ŵܹǿǰһ̽Щʲôܹ̽ıڡ
˵ǷֲԾҿԴ߶ŵĿռ䷨ŵ˲Ƶǧ￪⡣
һ˵ţһ߽еԴʯ
Ըǰˮһ̽ʱûԴʯǾ޷߶޹ŵ˲ƣôûǵǰˮȥ
޹ŵһ·ǰУޱסʬֵԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽܼ
ڣ޹ŵηɵ֮ǰˮĲԶУ濱ˮסȴƶ˵׷ɱ
ڣȴһı⣬ıεѲߡ
޵ʬ壬ѷڱͷһСͱ
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״ɫһ˵׼ۼһĻȻЩޣҪʲô
Ȼһǳбд˳һͷڲͬıޣȻɵϿգ޹ŵϮ˹
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ǰһʱֹͣ˷ռ䷨
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ʾѳȥͽˡ
ʹЩĴУ߶ŵӡ󣬽ȫӡŵĶռУ̤ؾ֮󣬳ʵаģ
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֮ǰδô⣬Ͼڲоŵܵʱ򣬲ʹĽ飬ȴԸЩ˲Сġ
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ʱ߶ԴʯȻ޹ŵķӡ
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ԭΪʾ֮ЩҵıȺʱ˿̸ܵڷӡǾ̵ɢӣֻϧȴӲӡ
һͷһͷؾͨؾޣӡֱսȥѹ޹ŵĶռС
ռޱȹޣǴռһ㡣
޷ӡ󣬶ЩƺЧѣߵͨı޶ӲӡΨؾܹѿԶϱӶȥ
̶ʱڣ޷ӡƽˮض֣ͷޱӡ޹ŵڲռС
Щӡıޣ̤ؾ֮󣬱ܹʵ磬Ľʹ½˶սһ
ؾǿߣԴ飬ԽǿؾǿӵеԽǿ
˵ôǼΪģСЩеؾޣĻؾܹƻ޵磬޵òʧ
Ȼؾкܳһξ룬ʱҪô࣬ȽЩ޶ӡ˵
Щޣֻ˴̽ġ
ʹУ͸һɭȻһ壬һ۴˶ߣûģڱʹߵѣעץסңǼ䡭ֻϧ㱾ʹˣҲЩСܹʵģ
⻰ЩЩ޵뷨
룬ô֮С磬ʹ֣ʱҲְֳɣ
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֣ЩͬǵжԹϵǲ֪֮ڴеװһôĽɫ
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͸޹ŵҲһȺޣӱ߷Ϊ׵һ˺Ȼǻʾǿģ
˺ԶϳΪǱɭȻϢʵ̫ˡ
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ʹ˵ţ漴伣ܲˡ
δôʹ٣ϼһﾫúܣ϶ʲô飬ڼȻˣǾ͵ˡ
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˵һ䣬漴һ뿪ε޹ŵĵ˷ķӭȥ
޹ŵ壬˱
ԳΣȻòԶĵЩȡ
ȻĵҪǰ̾ˮĻʾޣȴûͷڶɢӣʾ޸һϢûС
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ˮڽЩ޵Ĺ
Ŀһۣȴûʲôֻǽ˵ΪֹͷʾޱҽֻҪֵ۾ޣЩҲûʲôµģȻȴԴԴĹҪ취ҵǳֵԴͷֹ࣡
ߣջʾҲû٣ҪӦջʵĹƣޣƾǱѩʳľţɱܹɾˡ
Ļһ˵ȻջʵΪΪݡ
»˸ʱ򣬾λסͻֵ֮ġ
ջʳû٣
ԣһĨâֳȻҪ˵ջʵĳޣ濾ԲκˣΪĸΪǰջʶ⣡


635 
ĵĽͣ濺ܿڵ
޲֪ĸԴͷðܿӵˮΧķΧ޲С
޵ǼȫˣȵѩʳɳţһϾţʼͷЩޡ
ѩʳÿŶһޣȫͨؾϵΪؾǿ죬սǿ񣬺ܿɨ˴ˮ
ջʳû٣ѩʳ˵ڽֵıȫˡ
ڣѩʳűԸջʣܲޣŵЩ޹Ӳд
ȥԸջʡ
ų֮ɫ˵
һޡ
ȴžâһۡ
Ըջʣһʱ濵ʵȥսջʧһ㣬һ㣬пܱԷкɱΣء
ϾջʵɱӳˣջʼǾԷۺ졣
ޣȴܹǿ̤ؾ֮ʵҸһޣʲô⡣
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㡣
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ȻȥԸջʣ֪ԼֹСԸ⽫޹ŵѾǲˡ
Ŀ磬δ˵ʲôֻǵջˮ᰿ˮҲǱߡ濣ȥ᰿ˮսǧҪһж̫Σˡ
ʳսǷսҪ˵Ϊؾǿսж޷Ҵ֡
޿ħʾţɱǧٸ濣Ҫ˵ջʳ޾ˣԱħʾǿϲֹһΡ
š
濵˵ͷȡֱۣӳ߷ȥ
һΧˮߵ᰿Ҫüʱ䣬Ϊ˶Ըջʣһʱ䶼Ը˷ѡ
뿪ıӰвûҪȥͷ
ʮڶ˵ǿԼʵΪҪջʣҲûʲôҪĳޣֻ֮·ϵĵʯˡ
һ죬ջʵʬǣ̤ߵ磡
ڣǰķӡá
ңֶοɲǰ¶
ҶжֻҪûлʾޣƾ޹ŵܶԸˡ
˵һ䣬Ȼȥ޹ŵУеĿռ䷨ֱӴ͵Զ
ĿУѾ֪ŻıûбҪ޷ӡ󣬿϶ҪѰҼһȺУϾӡҲҪ޹ŵġ
޹ŵʱ֪Ҫβ䣬ԱЧʵ
ܿ죬ε޹ŵˮһɽ֮УԭһƬеɽ֣ʱȴѾѩǣһƬѩĺ
ƬïɽУۼһƬޣֱһ޷ӡ˦ȥʼӡȺӵıޣ
ôޣɽҰѰʹ˵ıһûиõķ֮ǰЩҲֻ̺ʽˡ
ֻҪĴͨûбƻ϶ԴԴ޹
˵Ǹûᡣ
޷ӡܹʩչʮңʮÿζܷӡͷ޵Ļôܹʮͷޣʱܱ磬ǿ

һ·ӡһƬطͷ֮󣬾̻ط
ڼ䵹Ǳ˲ٻʾޣֻϧʾޣ޷ͻ޷ӡ޹ŵʲôЧ˺ӡͨؾؾޣ̾ͷռ䷨ߣҲûʲôΣա
ʱ䣬Ѿ߸طʱͷֱ޵Աˣ֪϶˽Ҳ˺ܴɹ
ѵҵ޳ĿռͨԴͷ
ţҵԴͷĻЩ޵ɲô٣ֻǲ֪ںδҪȻǿѯһ
ˣҲûôһˣʩչ޷ӡҲ޷Ч
νӡ޵жõΪֹˣʣЩɢӴܵޣͽЩѩʳľźˡ
ޣÿһͷڶкĵһööޱܹеĺ
Щ޷򵽺ָֻܵҩ
һսĵ˵õֱȫѩʳľŵսԴսʱӵмĻָȻǰҪ˺ĵ޲ֱܹ
ӵģ൱޹ŵ˫ﵽߵϽ׶Σܹ޹ŵĸֶΡ
ƽһѩɽϢƬ̣˼һЩʲô
޹ŵŵʹʹǿս˵Ǹר޵ս
ֻǴļս޹ŵŵϹżսЩɻ
˵֮רõսܱʹõĻҪɣ
뵽״̬ȽأҲֻܲ²õǲģһϵĻӦҲʩչֶβŶԡ
ô˵ߣǷ޹ŵĿռ䷨󣬶һӴ͵ѩʶôԶĵطȥ
޹ŵ˵пռ䷨󣬵ܴ͵ľ뻹Ǻʹ߶ͷΪйأֻ̫ͣܲٿ޹ŵ̾봫Ͷѡ
СӣĴͨѱʹߴݻ٣ʱڣӦòʲôжɵСˡ
˼ʱʹ۳ԹҪ˵ھ۵Слűպ뿪С磬ǰ˴磬һᱻԣϾǾ۵Ĵˡ
ԭݻԴͷ
֪ΪʲôԽԽˡ
ȻǱʹܴ߳ݻǵĴͨСеޣǸҲĴͨںδ
ʹЦһЦЦȴһ˿ǡ
óʹ˵Щӣһսʹĺܴ
СӣϽɣһΣʹ߶һˣ
ʹ˵һ仰֮󣬱伣ûϢǿʼϢȥˡ
Ҳһ˿ȸУʹֻǲд壬ڱɱʾޡݻ޴ֻͨǲѶΪ֮ѡĻʹ϶֡
Ϊ˷ֹҹζ࣬ʹֻԼֲУĺļ󣬱һεĻʹͲˣΪĲд


636 
֮ҲβʣЩɢޣòˡ
ȥˣǰ᰿ȥˡ
š
ֻϧ޹ŵڵأʱ֪ʲô취ܹʹָȻָĻµõһʱġ
ʱ֮ڣ޹ŵսȫ޷ӳֵûصȫʵĽ׶Ρ
ⲢӰȥ᰿濣ֻƾԼҲû
ǰ᰿֮ǰһˮڽؽԭĵģȻĲڣֻĻѯˡ
֪ĵȻǹƶ˵ӵ飬СΪεʱҶ濶֣
һۣһӢ꣬üԵİ
ʱָؽˮһǳض޻Ϊ˱ҪؽǵûѲٹġ
ѯʣһӣƶ˵ӣǿĴ˵ϣŲǼƽϵģҪ֪Ĵ綼Ƿۣ֮һҪΪӡĴΪ˵ƶ˵ӵȻҶʲôˣ
ˡ
Ե˵ͷЩп벻ĵݾȻ֮һҪΪӡ
Ҫ֪˵۾ǿߣǿߣ㲻ΪߣҲʵǿ
֮һҪΪӣ֪ĵ츳϶Ϊģ
һ˼ǰиϢҪ㣬ƶ˵ԭ濿ģǾܾ֮ȴû뿪Ǳıɱˡ
Ϣᴫڸ˶ԷҲá
һô˵˶ˣԭأз·аֻ޿񱼶ƶ˵ˣ˱ѩʳջʳ⸽ķΧڣ
֪ƶ˵μӱѩʳĺ֮ᣬȴûܻȥ硭
ˣ
һ˲뵽Ϣĺȴܿ侲룬ƶ˵ֻ֮˿ֻҪ濲˵ô֪
Ҫǽ˵ԼûʲôôҲ˵鼸ᴫȥ
֪֪֪֪ɴκ֪𣿡
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ҵȻףҿɲɵӣ⻰˵ȥûô
Цһ˵ƶ˵۹ѯ֪ѩʳô˵
ô˵ֻһҧ˵ûˡ
һ
ƶ˵۹ôŭҲܶԸѩʳ֣ģΪĵʵ⣡
ƶ˵۹Ҳȥ˵ǿߣ˫໹̫ˡ
ȸˡ
ǣȻתȥ׼ǰ᰿ˡ
ߵıӰһΪмѹһͨСӡײԣϴβżʱСӲǲپ𣿡
ͷһŲʱ䣬СӾȻͽ磬Խһش󾳽磬ؾ̤ͨؾ
츳ȷˣ磡
ֲĴ˶˿أ£ΪұѩʳЧǱѩʳһǿ
ţ̬㿪ʼЩĹۡ

һ˳߼ɣڲʱ£ô߶޹ŵĿռ䷨Ϊǻ޹ŵһ˿ʣ
޹ŵɣоͶڸ·Уץʱġ似ȵȣܸеϢӿϵٶȡ
֮Խˮ߽һӣ᰿ĵؽ֮ڡ
᰿ĵ̣ܹܵ·һɱϢԶϴѪЩڡ
ջʳû٣ʾѩʳȫ˱ѩʳ֮˵ԤϣΪ˶û뵽ջʾȻӡ
Ҫ֪ѩʳĵλ൱ߣ˵ջʳˣƶ˵۹޵۹ȱ۹ִ͵۹ѩʳһӣԭĵݣ
˶֪ĺп´ۻϣͻᱻ֮һΪӣʱĿ۾ָտɴôѩʳҲͻΪѩ۹֮ܵһӻĴ۹˿ƶ˵۹֮
ԣջʵĳ֣ʵñѩʳ˶һ
ջʼȻˣѩʳȻԴУջʳţѩʳֱǲӭ
ţջʳ֮һӵʮˣҪţٵôﵽͨؾΪʮигʮؾǿߣ
ؾޣʸμۻģȻۻֻСආҲѾŵ
ʮؾǿߣʮͨؾޣҪԸԭ޿ħʾŵĻһʱ䶼Ҫܽħʾȫ
ñѩʳǲ죬Լٶȣ᰿ĵ̻ռʱ򣬱ѩʳķҲʼˡ
濾ʱ˷ջʵľ֮УΪɷһԱ
ѩʳľźɷǷֿģͳһָӺ͹Ѱ޲һжɷӦ˶
౱ѩʳĽޣɷɱѩʳĽͳ죬ֵŷ˷
᰿٣ҲǺ޿һĴڣؾǿ߾߸ߵ֣ͨҲϰ֮࣬һҲһɾ޴
ټϱѩʳɳһţܿ㽫ŵĹֹסȻȴ޷Ŵ˻ȥ൱ڴ᰿ضջʶȥ
ֽѩʳȻԸܣڵȣȴޱ֮ıһǰ֧ԮʱضܹŴ仨ˮ
մˮ뵽᰿ڣ㷢һޣӱǰУһȺ޹ϰˣÿһߵͨǿߣ
ϵĴŴЩ˶ǱѩʳˣȻܾЩԾ
ջӣ
һȥҵ˲Ծĵطһа˴籱ѩʳĽޣȻȴջʳģ
ΪŰ۵Ӣ꣬ջʡӳеȻҲһջӣ˳
ǰҪǰѩʳŵĺ󷽣ʲô
üͷ΢壬޹ŵУ޹ŵҲȫȥΣϰǿߵûܷ
˵ܹΪҵ濣ȻջӵټȻæСķڸ߿գȺ


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۵ջӣȻջʳĴӣҲջʵĴӣ
֮ǰɱ˸ӣӣջʵﲻ١
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մǹԵģǰеʱÿһʱʩչһͨһԹͫ׳ڰգ˷ɨӳȥĽ˷ڡ
ֶΣƺרΪɨΧεĶ磬֪һֶΣմȻ᲻һ㡣
һ·ں̸ۣմһۣܹ֮ͨһлþۣ֮ȻҲ޷Ρ
ֻϧ޹ŵУ޹ŵ޹ŵǳĴڣϹżļƷսô򵥵ľͱһССؾ޵ͨˣ
޹ŵУȵĸմӵ
һ·ϣвٱѩʳĽޣԶԶմһˣȫԶԶ˿ϾϴĶǱѩʳŵľװЩ޻ΪһȺ˶Ǳѩʳŵˡ
ôߵͨǿһжڽĳ־жЩ޻ǲҪΪ
ⲻ֪Щһջʳˡ
ʱûΪƾΪֻ·һĲ˵մһ˾ܰɱĻҷˡ
Ҫһ·ţЩһ﾿Ҫʲô
Լһһҹ֮մһ㿿һɽҰеڣƬɽҰУԶԶļһӪկǱѩʳľפӪկ
ڿӪկʱմȡһڶս߶һƬӰ£˲ϰǿͬʱʧ
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һδԶϸ۲ǰǱѩʳŵӪկһȻֲӪկгױ
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Ӫկвϴѩʳ޵ĺȻ׼մǿߣССӪկûʲôЧĵֿ
ѩŸƲ֣ߺˣ͵ϮѩӪկ
һ׳̳֣˾ȻһؾǿߣӪկеıѩʳ޷˵ֿ
մӲûлشǸƲֻ֣΢̵ЦϢȻ׼ȷǴս͵ҩӪկɱһȫǣٽս͵ҩȫҰգ
㡭մӣ
ǸƲԣֿ˿մӵòʱɫ䣺ǸӪկڵأǼ
밵к֧Ԯˣ
մӹһЦ˻֣Ӫկϴѩʳ޵Ĳҽմӵ˽ЩҪȫնɱˡ
մԶԸƲ֣ĵͻսΧڣûκܹһ»ᱻսನɱ
ԶԶ۲һУžɫ
մӣȻҵţѵݺң
˼ţջʳ˵ڷԱѩʳսòʲôôű֣ʱõЩվǻᶼ³ô˵ջȻ֮ⲻھˣմӵĻѵջʴ˾ֻݺң
ݺ濵һȺջʳӵޣ
ЩˣջʳǲܹȥģջʩչֶΣ˱ϱѩʳϸţôڱѩʳһȥ
Ϊ˶ԸǣȻսջʻã޹ŵУ˳Ҳ˵ùȥ
˼ţ۲·ѩʳѩӪկǸƲȫմӵĶ֣ûþͱմȫѹơ
ʱѹסԼֵĴ㡣
ѩţǴ˴αѩʳǲӭŵĴ;ţųѩ裬һṲ̊ؾǿߡ
ƲصӪկѩŵĺڣս͵ҩṩѩʮʹá
ڣմӾȻܷӪկڣɼϢΪͨ
ڼ顣
뵽
մ˵ǴϢϢøƲԼӪկѩŵȫ޵ҧгݵġ
Ȼ֪ϢԲй¶ȥġԭԼ֪иѩŵӪկأ
뵽ѩǳڼ顣
δԸմӣΪƾڵ磬մӲһ֮С
ûãѩŵӪկУǧصޣȫմնɱֻһЩҲûȥᡣ
ȻҪЩ޵죬ȥѩŵϢȥ
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մӴһӣӢϹЦݣ뿪Ӫկ֮ǰȻǽӪկеսҩȫȡˣֵܼԲһǧöң
ѩ˵һǧöҲѾˣϾѩųʱճҲһöҡ
֮£ƶ˵ѳʮöңѾ˵Ǹɵйˡ
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˾ûȥᱻݻٵѩӪկǼմӶȥ
մӼȻ֪ӪկϢô϶ѩڲϵ˼ǰ󣬾;Ψмǣпҵˡ

մӣͼҳѩڼʱ
ǰߣѩŵսϣ˽޵ɾţڳջʳŵĲɱ
Ĳͷųȥ޾ÿʩչܺɱһŵޣνɾеһɱ
ޣŵˣǴƣȫᱻסֻ濵޾⣬ܹһбɱŵޣЩ޵ķֶζûκá
нޣڶѾ֪濵֣֪ջʳһĿǸǱջʳȫռ죬ջɱ
ԼʳڵĿ֣ջֶΣñѩʳɾŵЩ޷׷ױӲѡ
ɱ۵С濣ٽ޵ĵ¶һ˿οɰģɤ˶Ϊͬ顣
ɱ
޵ȫ濵жȾñѩʳɾŵսһ󵵴Ρ
ʱһȺѩŵִųԱһؾִų£ֱӳ濳ȥ
ΪɾԱܹջʳ֮ˣй©鱨ų֮濣
ؾִųĮⷬΧЩɾŵĽһסˡ
濹ջʳ
ôܣ


638 ɱƻ
ԿŵıѩʳܹǧˣЩѾȫ֪ջ֮ĳԹջ֮䲻졣
ѩŵִǰ濣˵ջʳй©鱨н޶о⡣
㷢κϣᷢϰ
ִųǲŪˣ
ɵɾųһߵͨǷ꣬ʱ˿һɣվ˳ǰִų˵濹ջ֮Ų֮ջʳļϸ
ִųһӣؾΪΪɾųǷȫû
ִųĿһǷ꣬мѩųԷʲô飬ֱҾųȥִִұҲһ
һǣлΪ˵飬¿϶ʲôᣬܿܲˣ˺ɡ
濿Ƿ꽫һΪԼ˵ЩжȴǼÿ
ԼΪջʳļϸһ£ҲĪѩȻɾŵЩ޶ֿˡ
ԷȻҪǾǴ˵ֻһ
Ƿ꽫һЩԥݺݵĵִսһۣȻ˿ȥ濹ܵκίҽһǱضɾţɱѩţ
ɾж޾Ľޣ᰿ջʳ֣Կŵġ
һΪɾŵųȻô཭һ˵ҪɱѩţҲֻ˵˵飡
ִųɱһô˵һǣͬﲻɣͼѩŶ֣Ҵ
ֻǾ㣬Ҫ濹ﲻ
һȻǸǷ꣬Ȼȴһ㶼оâһɾȻʲôȻţȴҪֵ
⻰вˣɾھͳ˵ĻôѩźŶƴʧԻӺܶࡣ
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ߣųͷǴȻὫСô
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ۿһĻǰɾڶ཭ȫߣЩ˵濿ǸƤɰСھȻִŴߣļΪŭ
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һһ濱ߵıӰһӣɾŵĽ޳ս
޾֮սһ̲ͣĴսһһСӻ֡
һСͷͨҪϢʱȥСӶϣóͷص޷ֱ𹥻ͷϳһܷӳһŵȫӵгս

ǰսɼңǧͨļײС
ڵȴǸմӣһ·ص˿ѩʳ߾һƬ֮УһƬ֮кһߵͨޣЩ˴󲿶ӣĳ̵ĵطȥ
һȤ
˾й
һһ룬۳һĹŲӰ뿪ĹӰȥ
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һֳ·ӣоԼʶƱѩʳڼֽһ
մӵ˵Ĵ󲿶ӣɳջʳٶǰУǸоΣأ
˶ߵͨޣǹܵһɽ֮ȥ
ĻĹŲӰһ·ʩչֶθ棬ܿҲɽ֮УȻһѩʳ׵ɽеȴմӵ£
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һʼڵӡӡȫܹĳ
մӵ£ѩʳḶ́Ҳļ¼
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ѩʳĽջʵһߵͨǿߣҪֵĻΣԼ
Ǵʱ֣ȵʱǹƵóѣڱѩʳûκ֮أѩʶеׯ԰޸ۡᱻһ򾡣
žȻ֮ɫ뵽˻ׯ԰ˣ֪Լֻƴһƴ˵ϣ
ҪȻĻܣûκãοҪܵĻǸԼļϸݣ
һջʳĹƿɾ͵óˣȻô
ߵͨΣƾڵʵͨǿ߶ûκ⣬ߵͨļһʩչһδزܽնɱ
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һĹŲӰ޹ŵУıܻɽУΣȻմӵǸ¡
ĹŲӰǱѩʳĽ죡
ֳ·жһĹŲӰ޹ŵһĹŲӰǱѩʳĽ졣
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ߵͨ൱ڻԪסĦիľǿߣֻһ̤ؾӵвμۻʸ
֪ջʳǲģմӵţԲŻߵͨǿߣÿһһһĸ֣Ϊħʾŵľų֮ǿɫ
Ŀ꣬͵Ϯߵͨմ£
һ·մӵս˽⣬رǹ뱱ѩʳܻޣͨҲ˽⡣
˷ƫǿƫٶȼ죬Աɳͽͷ˵Ľɫ
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ڴٶȺܿ죬һɱҪȻᱻѣһܣôԲ׷ȥǰմӵһȺǿء
ټϴ˹ƫƾ̫żƷ似ӲҲΨȫʱ䣬ܹĹơ
֮֡ӡͨȻűһ⡢еĻ걬ԺɱˡһһĹŲӰĹŲӰھⷶΧ֮ţһѣʩչѪӰɱһ
ɱһ漴̿ʼж


639 
ջʳʩչռı޷ӱܣΨԡ
ǰɱѩʳڼߵͨޣ뵽ð취
ֻҪõ֤ݣ濲ܹѼϸܹץףĻڼ鸡ˮ档
ɱ
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ֻһܹоԼɱ⣬չֳ㹻ǿɱʱͬߵͨǿߵע⣡
δ⣬ֱʩչ⣬ȫһƬŨУһƴӸ߿Ѹһת۱㽫ߵͨǿΧС
⣬Ȼĵ㿪ʼʴߵͨǿߣϾ̫ͣĵʴӰ΢΢
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ǲ㼲ϸֳһڶȻ֣˲ǲ㼲ϣߵͨǿߵķֶΣûֵܹסϹżƷսеĴ͸
ţɭȻľִ֮Ǳ͸ķ϶룬˲ߵͨǿڣǿľʼʴս
ҹ
ߵͨǿߣһӣ̤ʼûѲĶ֣أȴƫƫʹ
һ֪ھеĸ䣬Ĺֶ̫죬ӦΪѡ
ֻüڵľȻһ̣һʺ˲佫˶С
ӡ
һʺĵ٣ֱӿʼߵͨǿߵĻӡӡһ֮·ϵĸԷȻɺĽ伳ȡߡ
ߵͨǿߵһʱʩչʼֵʺĵʴȻӡͨȡһֻӡյС
һߵͨǿ߳һ˶Կͨϣɱ֮ǰԤ뵽״
ˣ
кâһ漴ھУһȭűһȪЯһƣȻϮ
ھеȪ̲̤ɱ֮˵ĶǣͬγһƬȪ硣
һȪǧͬһʱ䱬ƻֱӽߵͨǿߵļϺ÷顣
Ĵļ似űռ̬̤ɱ֮˵жһȪ磬ȻԾ
ɱ֮Խ࣬һеҲԽǿնɱؾǿߵĻôڵʩչȪҲԽؾǿߺˡ
֮һɱ˻κԽ࣬Խǿ
⻹˻ű֮󣬵ڶʩչһУһλԺͰĶʱ򣬶Ըͨĸѫ
ڵ˵ʱѫѾ㲻ʲôˣȻʱԵĿߵͨ۷ǿߣֻһ̤ؾ
ȪʩչȻȴĵȫ˳ɵó֮ʣµսͺˡ
ȪеǣһھкȻҵľϢߵͨǿȥ
磡
ߵͨǿɫ΢䣬̧ͼȫʩչĳͨܡ
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Ǵ֪ϵʥ˯Ͳôѡˡ
еʩչ似ǿгž֮ȥȫĻĹŲӰֳУֱӭ׼ʩչ걬
УȻȡ˰޵Ļӡ˸ӡմеޣӶһл걬ӿֲȫŵȪˣ
ȪǰеĻ걬Ϊֲ似ߵͨǿ߼м䣬ɫʱ䡣
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ڲ֪ԼֻܲܺƤٶʩչͨͼпֲ似ĺϮ
ߵͨǿߵվǲף㱻ֺ֮ͻӡǣƣûôױɱ
˸ּͨȻͨ似Ϊıܿ˻걬ȫֻзֵͨסȪȫ
ѪӰɱ
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棡
ߵͨһٳٲųʥҲ²²⵽һЩ
һ֣һ󼲷ɵһγ֣׾ٽѪӰɱɫСӰʳƬ
Ȼһ̣ߵͨȴɫ䡣
ܵһΪս䲻ӱľϮӦǰʱ򣬺ݺݵĴ̽ĺ󱳣
ϹżƷսУУ̶ֶͨΣֱӴ˶Էڣ
ߵͨǿǰһ̣ٶмĵϮ
ȻˣǱͬھɡ
ߵͨǿ״֪Լ赲ԼȻȫɱҲûκεֵסĿܡ
ԪԵļһ̱㽫УֲƻݻѸٽɣ͸ڡ
ҧأȫĵֵǼʴȫ
һ޷ĹŲӰɣֻԼֳУܷӳϹżսǿһɱ
ڶԷˣҲ֮С
壡
ҧأ׼ӲֵԷˣ


640 
֮ԵܶԷˣȫΪԼСɾ壬̫żƷ似ȫڵĿֲ似ֻСɣҲѾĿüǿ
οһɱԷ֮ǰѾ˵ƶ˵ӵǿҩһöļҩ֮۳һϣԼȫ
öҩЧҲǸݷߵͨΪ֮ɵϣԵͨǿߵȫһ
ʱ˿̣ԵȻߵͨǿߣԷһȴδȫʩչˣԣߵͨǿߵȫһ
öҩɵϣ͵ֵ˶Է˵ĽһʣֵڣʼŰ
Сɾ壬Ӳĵֵ˶Էһھϱݻ٣ҪλȴδܵˣֱЩƻǿļĳѹȥų˿
ģ
ȫ߶Ŀʼָͬʱһöļ˵ҩȫܴۿɼٶȻָ
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ߣ
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ڼ˵ӦҲϲּ顣
˵ѩţڼʲôûϵǵϣҲȥ顣
ڲһˣڼߺմӺ͸¶˸ƲӪصλãȴ濵͸©
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ڴ֮ǰȥѩӪأĻ˵ĻпŶȡ
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Ҫڼ鸱֮ǰѩŵ潫𴩣

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濱ѺһУȫﷸʱǿȻǴԼڼ顣
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ȻѾ飬ѩŵȴţΪӱƲָӪװӳ޶˵й©Ӫصλá
ѩŵľųѩ裬ûҵ֤֮ǰΨȽץҵ䡣
ѾҸһλᣬȻ㲻ϽڣյĴʱڡ
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վѩԵӣΰҲִųϴŲмЦݣһۣȻһ̧̧֣˹Ѻ濵ľӣ漴ߡ
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ĩиǣٳһ±ʳ䡣
ΰѩ蹧˵
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ѩ˰˵ͷ۵ɫ
ƲָصӪرմһˣѩ˵ǸҪ֪ӪУȫѩŵս͵ҩûս͵ҩӲƴֱϼѡ
һеףһѩ輫ΪŭȻ֪ĴΪλЩջʳ񣬵Щ˾ջʳڼ飬ѩڸ֮󣬶ҪЩջʳȫץС
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濶һˣѺھУ⾧Ƴɣеޣȫ޷˵൱ڳһˡ
濻ܣԼһΪƫƧӪ֮УӪִŵģ⸽һִŵûκܹ
濱ѺһӪУ漴ѺִޱӪſţΰִųϴŲмЦ̧̤ӪʵС
ڣҸһᣬֻҪ˵䣬Ҿͷߡ
ΰ濣˵֪һж飬ʵ޹أֻˮˡαΪһݺˣԼ
Ŀһۣû˵


641 ΰ
濵Ȼ֪ǰִųΰȫֻ뷽跨׳ڵλðˡ
Ҫ濶˽⣬֪ǰŵõƶ˵ӵʬ壬ջԼ࣬˵пΰ˵Ļ
Ϊջʳļϸ
ܣ
Ϊûκκô濿ȷһ㣬Ȼˣôΰ˵Ļ϶ƭġ
ĿģȻҪҵɱڣһʵȫˡ
濶ΰĻ޶ԣΰɫӪ֮ⲽ˵ǻԹŲż̫˵ԭҲһĿ䵽أ̫ί𣿶ίȫûбҪܣ
˵Ҳ֪Ķ֪Ҳ㡣
Ѿΰ¾ݺ֮һȻʲôɫֱ˵Ļؾΰ
ΰɫѿˣ濵˫һ˿Ũɱ⡣
̧ؾǿߵƿʼɢڴɢȥ𽥽С
ؾǿߵĿֲƣȴҧһԣ֪˵ʲôûã˶ɱˡ
ֻǲ֪Ķ
Ϊұ𡣡
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ȻʱһӵĽŲӪ⴫˽һϤ𣺡濣ɾŽձҪȡж
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Щ죬벻ǽһǾȻԸΪԼϧѩŵִԣ
Ҫ֪ɾŲǧˣһ𶼲ܶԿѩţȻˣɾд޻ǰӪ濡
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죬ȫò֤ݵ£һץ濣ץΪѩŶԿŵ濣ôһǿ¾ͻץ֮еκһ
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ʱ˿̣ΰȫɢһ׼֣
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ΰæȫƣתѩ蹧˵ȻԵ
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ΰ´ΧԴִųԱһ׼ɢȥѰ
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̧ͷգĳָеЩ˼顣
һʱʲôãѲа취֤ԼǼϸ
ţ۾ȴԵ˵ͷʾԼ¡

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ҡ
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һЦȻһ·ǹ°ѩŮΪѩŵĴ󽫾ѩ轫ѵ֪ࣿ
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̧һӡصĻչǰ
Уմ͵ϮƲڵӪأҵڹ˵й¶ӪλõĻЩԡ
ּ򵥵ֶΣѩһʹˣȻŮб͸һĨɱ⣬µ϶Σȴû뵽ջʳĶ䡣
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ѩʮţȻרעĿȥҲ˵֪˼ȻˣôʮգǴʲô֤ݣҳѩڼ˭
ȻѩҲһӾˡ
ӡǲ٣մ͵ϮӪصĳεֵģڼ飬ôڿ¼ӡʱ򣬿ѾմӷִӶˣ
ȻѩҲֶ֪ڶ࣬ʱûдӡп¼ĳʾȥ
УƲصӪغܿͱȫȴóǹ»ڣЩڽڼϢصѩӪС
ţһתתƵһɽС
һմŵߵͨޣ뿪飬⴦ɽȣһѩսĸ档
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ѩɫ΢䣬ʱ߰˷֣
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ΰڣСӾȻݺҾ߸ǵ죡
£ΰһֱӳ˹
ȸ
һֱΰɱ⣬ɱŨһ̶ȣ׼ֶζ
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ؾǿΰֲĹԾģȫ޷½ǡ
һ𾻻âӰкȻţ·ѩѾ֡


642 ˮʯ
ѩȫû뵽ΰͻȻ֣䷢һ֮ȴҲæӦ˹ȫĵȻ
ݣ
ѩһȣһ̣ΰм䣬֮Ŀռ䳹׸˿
һ൱ڱѩ豣ȸ״ָ̬֮󣬱һǽΰЦһ
ΰһûɱʱɫ࣬Ȼ˵һûɱܴ鷳
ֹҴڼ飬ѩҲġ
ݣΪγ֣
ѩдһĨԵĲ
ش󽫾Իڣ򲻿˵κλ
ΰʮֳϿңѩȻ˵
Իá
ѩĮ˵һ䣬Ȼ̧ͷŵӡɡ
š
˵ͷֱӼųӡ
ӡеĳԻɱߵͨǿߣҴ϶ȡһöѩŸߵ
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ѩһӸĹˣ֮ǰ˵ģ˴ջʳһȺУ츳ߵ֮꣬һ
ڿԲ飬ʴˣѩ뵽
ȻȴһƫƫҪ˱ִųΰ
ΰۿӡУߵͨǿߺɱ̱˳ָƾһͨСӣôնɱߵͨǿߣ͵ϮҲܣ
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ѩΰʶҲһˣԸҲΪ˽⣬ƽΰ˳嶯໰Ŷԡ
ѩһĨɫȴδǳΰˣ׼ж۲۲졣
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ǱǸöλѩίˣΪֲλʧѩԸλöΪλΪΣ
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Ϊѩ֪ΰ߶һֱǺѣӷΰıпΰҲ飬Ҳ˵ӵ˸ƲڵӪرմӽ
ĲΰйأôѩŵִųҪˣѩһ˽ԼĲ·˴ؾмﷸ˴˿
¼ؾĸƲֱѩضʼٸ߳

ѩŸߣѲŵųһֱΧܣʧôһ죬²ͨĻѩ֪
ʱߣһͣظ·˿֪ĻĹŲӰʩչֶΣͷ۲
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ҲߵͨǿߣͶմӣô˵ҲܵõĴȻҪѩŵĻԻᱻ
Ȼתܵʱ򣬺ȻһȺִսѩ޴Χ֣˲佫ްΧ
ѩ濣Ҳպڴʱ֣ԻЦųˡ
ݣ㣬ȴ벻Ѿŵ顣
ѩ赭˵ţһеĺޡ
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ΰֻһתѡ񡪡ƴΧ
ֵܣƴˣ
ΰ׹һһѳϵȻֱŸ߿еѩɱ˹
ͬʱһȣִŵֵܣһΧͶջʳÿλֵܽһöң
һöңѾ൱ĽˣջһЩǲᶨִޣΰԭִųִлеţһȱòת


643 ѩ
ۿΰºɫ֣ԼϮɱѩʧ֮ɫ
ΰȻͬؾޣ໥ʵ໹ǲСѩҲܵѩŵľųˡ
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ѩһΰʧһ̧֣ȻϮ
ҰȫǺĵɵı̣ųΰ籩£ΰæ۾ĵγһɫϣҪǱ㽵µı̡

ѩһ̱γһƺƵ£ֲȫЩҪΰִޣҲȫһסһΧɢȥȫҵֵ

ѩֶοȻؾǿߴ඼Ѿַ
ʱ˿̣ر濣ϸĹ۲ѩ۵һһγһ״Ӷúĵõ˴
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͵Ϯɱһߵͨĸ֣п֣ܵҪȥԸһؾǿߣǾԲܳɹģᱻɻɱ
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Ҳʱΰ֣ԭĺøǺֵܣ߾Ȼԥĳͷȥûнΰϡ

ΰһѪȻҲһУһѸӿ
Ѿѩ֣ѾΨһ·ܣѩ費׷ȥ׷ߡ
Ǽһｻˡ
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У濲ͨΪôĶ֣
ֻϧ⸱߲δߵͨմ£ͨɱĳҪȻĻǲͣԸ濵ġ

ͣ½ŲֱʩչһͨԻ۳Ϊһͷ׷
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СӣͨΪô۳
ѵ˵Ѿ밵ӰĴﵽ˵弶ϣ
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⻹ѩһۼδ̤ؾֶΣ
ܹһģǾţͬѩʳʣһ㣬Ӷ֮һϣҪΪӡ

ѩһ̾Ǹ߻δ֮۵ѳ㱻ײ֣ɭȻɲʴȫ
ֻҽ˼Ǹ߱㱻濵ƻɱΪһ̯Ѫˮ
һĻԶԶӶݿȥΰɫ䣬æٵҪܣȻѩôܸ᣿
ͬ㽵£ΰߵ·Ӳƴ˲ãѩٽᣬѹסΰ
ΰȫѪ죬ңȫѩĶ֡

ѩһ棬ΰ㱻һƬɭ˱漴飬ͬʬһΪ˻ҽ
ЩͼΰִޣһʼԣѾͣˣһų̬Ʒչ
ۿŸߺΰЩִһɶЩ֪Ҫΰͼûбѩ迴
Ȼ뷨ΰѵִֻ޻վѩߵġ
ǰմӵڸ
ʱһִųԱ޴Ϸٱйһ̫õϢ

ѩԣûκԥֱ´ﳷ˵ָ
֪մӵţͷϰˣÿһߵͨǿߣôˣմŵĶ֡
ѩ´֮󣬳Ѹٴԭ룬ǰߡΰʬȫˣ⸽һƬսۼڸǵˡ
ȵմ׷ʱ򣬱ضʲôֲˡ

ѩŵӪУѩڴˣִųΰ֮һϸ棬ҪѰһ˵µִų
Ŀеѡһһ濣ԭѩŵˣ֪ԸԸ롣
ԭִŵĸųΪųֻϧֻߵͨΪִųԷڡ
濾ͲһɱߵͨǿߣֻжͨΪһض
濲ͨΪȴѾƾɱڼ鸱ߣִԱеѾ㹻
鱨дһö֮ѩ轫򷢳ȥȻ濡
λ벻ѩţ
ѩЦŶ˵ֻҪѩţλ̱ӵйְִųѲųλãȱţɶǧ˵ְλ
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˵Ͳһˡ
ѡ롣
мᶨɫһ
˵ڵһĿջʱ𣬶ҪĿ꣬ѩȻǼõģرǻܵѩŵִųԱѩʶ޸ۡĳԶչҲвٺô


644 ʶʢ
˽Ȼͬѡѩ΢΢һЦҾͲµ𰸡Ǳɣ濣ѩ֮󣬾ʱִųְλھ֪ͨ͵õȻȥ֮սĴˡ
š
濵˵ͷδԡ
ֻɱջʳצɱǶ٣ڵʲôְλȤ
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ѩһ˵ţһ߲ͷȥʲô㣿
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Ҫ֪ˮıѾˣĺܿܳ᰿
ֻһűضܣմӿ϶ڶʱ˱
ҲߵˣϽȥѩʶźá

޹ŵУӡͷޣ濴еջ
Щջ񣬰;ɱɻսҩȵȣҲӰӰħٱеõж
ԨеջԼƶ˵ϵõڶԴͶУеĴռС
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ӱ߾᰿һ·ǰѩʶǳε޹ŵҹʱ䣬ٶȣйء
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ǰ˱ѩʶ֮ׯ԰
ڱѩʶ֮⣬ΧŴССϰٸׯ԰һİŸׯ԰
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˵͵ϵ˽פׯ԰һڶ౱ѩʳ޵ĲȺջʳ񣬾ؾؾĴڣǿ߶ֻеͽͨؾĲΣкռһׯ԰
ĵİţһʱ֮䵹Ҳû˸Ҷ˵ʲôʱƣѩʶׯ԰ҲԽԽࡣ
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ʱׯ԰жǮƣһֶûУڱѩңҹһЩõĵҩսǿһЩ
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μѵںµĴ£ɹ˹
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ʱ򣬺ׯ԰ıලֲҩġ
ׯ԰ڣ֮ټԺ±ֲ֮ҩģȻЩҩƳɵҩóȥ
ׯ԰ڣʦв٣һЩͼҩûʲôģֻͼҩȴҲʲôǮ
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ԭʹ½ϣ¹ĴҲ͵ϣ쵼۲յ£˶ڹΪС
ׯ԰Уϰ¹ŮޣԺµĻƴӣׯ԰һ
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ʱʶʢᣬҪǶԺ֮ɹףҽõĲƲΪŸڱѩʶΧڵĸϰٸׯ԰ԼʶڵĸʶʢҪݣٸ֮ĶԿһ޽̨ͬվɼ֮÷Ÿõ
ڣʶʢѾһѩʶٸǿʤĻѩ֮òƲĽϣ˸ཱҸʶʢᶨһأǾ׵ᱻȡޣ
ᱻȡޣ
Զʱһ
Ҳ˵ׯ԰һׯ԰أޡ
Ϊ𱬵Ϻ޺˵ͷ˶ڴأ˵ׯ԰ضǵ׵һʱƬطóˣ
ôһطȴûһؾǿ򣬵ȷۺ졣
˵Ȼʶʢһսׯ԰δûлᣬҲôۡ


645 ׯ԰
صׯ԰֮ŽԲѵŸѣҴ˳
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δڶԴˣһׯ԰սġ
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֮⣬ĺŵϰˣĪҵĪɽ䡢Ī꣬ԼԴƻҵĳġĸŮиĻɳӵҶ֡ѩϱӳϣЩҲׯ԰һӡ
Ȼ˶һµĻ˶µĿʼΪׯ԰壬໥仹ǺŸҡ
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һۣмصĶܺθڣ΢Щ޸ģͬöеĸƻ
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Ȼ⻰һдȫһǰ⡣
˱ѩʶʱ䣬ׯ԰ڵȥĶᱻӣ꣬ЦѾܹˡ
ǲû츳ֻ֮ǰ͵ϣû㹻Դˣ
Ȼ͵磬ûбʵǣҪõԴҲڳ˵Ρ
ɱޣҲһɶ飬ʵǴׯ԰ڳޣ̫ˡ
ڱѩʳڣȶĲɴݻٵ޴ֱͨλڱѩʳȺɽ֮䡣
Ⱥɽڣ޾޳֣ȴҲΪͨѹƣ²е۾ʾ޳֡
ѩʳڵĽޣܶ඼ϲȥȺɽɱޣӶõϵĶ˵ͻֵǮĶ
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ѾһЩׯ԰ĳԱ໥ţǰȺɽɱޣֻϧڶûκϢ
֪Ϊʵׯ԰˶ͷ벻ʲô̫õİ취
һ˵Դôܲ˷ܣ


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648 ׯ԰
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֮ˮԿޡԼ᰿ѩǱ߷ıڼ飬ȫûдˡ
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ȻҪɱǾԷûǸͣ
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ͺ³űѩʶһƬɽҰзȥüӰ󣬺ܿҲһƬ֡


650 ּս
ѩʶ֮⣬һƬκׯ԰ķïУź£ʩչֶΣȻ֮ȥΡ
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651 
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652 Ͷ
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һӵģʮµؾǿߣǾ;Կһ֮УΪһٶʮׯ԰ʮ֮ۡеǿ֮һ
ѩʶǿҪа˴ׯ԰ĴۡÿڶвʮؾţʢıĵĻˡ
ׯ԰ׯһŵʮ꣬ȴѾ̤ؾ꣬ΪĵĻׯ԰ҡ
ģȻҲ󣬲ׯ԰͸ۡеġ
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ׯ԰˼Ȧׯ԰˷ֱ˸棬ȷȫõ㹻Դŷĵ׼뿪
ǰԴȪ֮֮ǰ׼ȵ޸ۡһˣȥ̽һ»Ԫ׵ˡ

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ѱ䣿
üͷ΢壬֪ʲô¡
ͬΪ׵ʮˣ޸ۡ˱ѩʶĴ֮ۡһ
ԭǿ䣬ֱ˵ĳ˵ͬڵʮˣȫǲʮ޿ţһ֮޸ۡʸμӻʶʢˣʮ
䶼Ѿʮˣû취μӻʶʢᣬô޸ۡڵȷͦϾġ
λõġ
һ˼ЦһЦ濿ʵǿºǿֻҪܻ޸ۡӦò⡣
⿿һˣǿɲУ˵λʶʢĹȺս
ȥüͷ΢˵
ǴҾֻھʵˡ
˵к濿һĵҩսλȥɣԼʵ
Դ޸ۡһ֣еĿ֮һֻû뵽޸ۡȻ޸ۡͶĴ֮ۡһ
޸ۡ˵ȷǸܲõϢ޹ȵ׵ôׯ԰Ҫõöࡣ
ˣ޸ۡУж밵Ӱϣ
ԱȡӰħٱȵȵطĵҩսóָˣȻһ䡣
ôԴΪ𾪣벻óôණ
⣬Ԫױشûͳƣ޸ۡһٶˣ밵ӰϵģӦòʮɡ
ұȸǶʮöĿӡ
һ˼ӻȡ˶ʮöĿӡ
һʮöĿӡһӾͱ𾪵þ޷Ŀӡؾǿ˵벻һóʮö
ȵĪڻԪˡ
Ǽǵ֮ǰ˵ҪһЩĿӡµģʱҲû⣬Ϊµġ
벻潫Ŀӡóˣ


653 
ģԭڼͳ޿ĸڡ
ֱֻϵʸõһöĿӡ濣Ϊ޿֮еǿߡ
ˣѾȥºӣֻƾģģĽġ򣬶ʮ֮һ
֮Чʮ־޴ˡ
óĶʮöĿӡܹ޸ۡдʮǿߣҲѰҪǿöࡣ
ЩȽɣɻ䡣
Ӳߺɽɫص˵밵ӰϣĿӡûãЩļֵ
һ밵ӰϣԭõһöȪĿӡĻȪġ
ǰһĿƵ˵һöĿӡʵضǿϿĻڻʶʢδزܷŹʡ
η䣬ǾǸλԼˣҪǶʮöĻھ˵
ɨһ˵
ʱӦùˣ޸ۡҲʮ밵Ӱϵˡ
Ԫҡҡͷ˵ǶʮöĿӡ
޸ۡ൱ѵ״̬ߵˣ˵ܹͬʮڡ
ׯ԰ΪֹûȥΪׯ԰еʵ̫ˣҲûҪ
޸ۡе˾ͲͬʮµͨؾޣÿһţǱѩʶĴ֮ۡһԸͬʮˣǿʵ
ͬɴ˻ˣ
ͻȻһΪϤͥԺ⴫˽ͨС֣ƽŻţææ˽
ƽһȻҲڳɫһϲ֣ôҲˣ컹˵¥ׯ԰˷˳ͻûʲô°ɣ
㿴ʲôµ𣿡
ЦһЦƽ
СҲ̤ͨ޸ۡڻʶʢеսˡ
һ룬ӻȡһѻȣݸƽǳ¹սȣȻֻдļƷӦá
һһʹļսƽе𾪣֣СӣȻ¹սˣ֪ʱ
ڱѩʳ᰿ѩһֵŵ֣Ӧûˡ
һ˼˵
Ҳ˵᰿֪ѩš
ԣЩȣ벻濾Ȼ뱱ѩʳľתһ룬ȻǶԿջʳˣӻԾҲˣǿɱˣ
ˣȥͬɻʲôһȥ𣿡
ߺɽվʵ
Ȼ
˵ͷ
Ȼʱ䣬ȴҲһʱǱ޸ۡͶļһ£վҪͨ
СӾȻǲ֪߳ܡ
һҲվһ޸ۡſȥ
ûһŻԪһ޸ۡǰԺһٻԪ׵£һȺɫ⡣
ȺɫƳĴ֮ۡһ
ʱ˿̣һΪ׵ĽɫװȻվ޸ۡǰԺɨųڶͨؾħʾޣ¶ŨŨĲм֮ɫ
꣬Ȼһؾǿߣ
Ǿͬɡ
Ԫָһָؾһĸߴӣʱؾ꾹ڵͷһūģ
ǱͬɣͶڸ˻ҫˡ
ؾ꣬Ӧþһǿ˰ɡ
۾¶м֮ɫؾ꣬š
ѩʳ˴ׯ԰ĴۡһؾǿߣҲֻһǰ֮ˣӦþһλˡ
ܹµˣ
ؾ꿴ŻԪ׹ʱЦһ޸ۡǿҲǴ˰ɣߵͨΪۡһؾĶûУڱѩʶ֮У
λ̫ӣҫ̤ؾһٮٮߣ
ؾԵͬɣҫĽһͬʱ̺Ųмɨ˳һۣڼʱһЦԱĲм
ĶΪأ˾֪飬ͬһֱˬ
ҲŶͨΪԼȲϣҪ˵ҫ֮ˣ
ϻ˵ձ̫ˣΪǸۡϵǿߡ
ν̫ҫ۾м˵ȻһжƾԸ˭ھͿվ̫ӶӵܵĴԴ
޸ۡͬʮͶһʵǿ٣ҫһˣչһԼǿ󣬿϶иѡ
⻰˵֮޸ۡȴһƬž˻ó
Ȼڳ޸ۡ˶
ģͬ޸ۡʱһͬ뿪ˣȵڣ
ȺУְɡѩˣʮµͨؾޣҫһۣȴȫֻжĵӡ
һߣһͨĮͣԶڵϣԶԶһУǶһ
ҫΪؾǿߣȻ˶һԶһҲ֮⣬ȻһԼ˸ûʲôȤ
̫ҫɫЩ
ǿɵˣ޸ۡºĻʶʢһӱѩʶгʱ֮ضûУ̤ˡ
ҫ˵ֻǼᡣ޸ۡˣΪУ
һ

ҫʼȻȻɵһǳûӡ

ҫĮ֮ɫһ漴תȥڿʼ޸ۡУڱѩʶУȫʲô³ȵº󣬻ʶʢῪʼʱǾ֪ʲôڡߣ
ȻЩ˿Ǳ
ҫ뷨
Ȼȴ֪޸ۡ˸ǿǿƵĹͬĹ͹֮⣬˭ȥ
ŵ̫ҫ޸ۡ˶ʹ޲ѣȴûʲô취ģֻвŬ
⣬֪ĦիºǷҪ̤ؾ޸ۡͻõöˡ
ȺУ֪˭̾Ϣһ䡣
Ħի죬Ѿʮһͣԭ̤ؾҲֻһ֮ôãѾͻơ
ȻͲܲμӻʶʢᣬѩʶڣһĳؾǿߣӵ㹻ᱻꡣ
򵥵˵Ҫ޸ۡؾǿĻ̫ҫԲŵ̤


654 ԴȪ
޸֮ۡ㾶ֱ߷ȥͬʱε޹ŵҲӸ߿Ʋгйȥ
ڷŵ̫ҫû̫⣬ֻҪԼʵ㹻һţ̫ҫԼ°ܽ
ĿĵǱѩʶ֮ңԴȪ֮أǱѩʳƵûĵط֮һ
ԴȪ֮أ˵Ųֹһ崫ͨԴԴϵޱж
ӹ񣬵Ҳв˴ݻٹ崫ͨʼ޷ȫžԴȪ֮ص޳֣֪еĴͨܶࡣ
ö֮ûʲôȥƻЩͨˣΪԴԴϳֵޣպնɱĶսʤЩޣпܵõĳЩ̺ľ塣
Щûã޻ޣȴֲģԼѸٴ״̬лָȫʢ״̬
޾壬ָЧĳЩ켶ļҩ޻޹ȣܹܺõļ۸
֮ǰ챱ѩʳľŽޣջöľ壬һʺܴĲƸ
ȻЩֻѰ޾塣
ãܵõһЩľ壬޾壬þͬĿӡһ㣬޻޶ܴĳ
޾ļֵǱȲһöĿӡôĿӡҪǹԻѩʶֻϧȻܽı﹫ȥ
źׯ԰޸ۡ飬㿪ʼæԼ飬ҪĵȻǽ硣
ӵ൤ҩûĵҩѾùˣٴηõĻЧμ롣
Ҫ磬ҪôѰһЩµĵҩҪôֻʱؼˡ
ǰԴȪ֮أĿǿԼʵսҾܵǿԼӵеֶΡ
ĿᣬǿҲǿ

ԴȪ֮ض߾
ڴӱѩʳɵԴȪ֮صĵطһ״УеֽԴȪҪǰԴȪ֮ޡ޵ľۼء
ѩʳУ߻ޣҲ٣磬ĹȲټ
ѩʳǿʣģһޡ
Ҫ˵һֵĻڱѩʳУֻռ֮һѩʶУĴۡУи֮⣬ڵ
֮ǰ̫ҫʵϱһͷޡ
ԴȪҲһڽֵϣľߣ޵ݣȻʲôﶼƽȵĴڣѰ˻޷Էϵ
ޣֻҪ̤ؾܻΣƽ£޶ữжΪֻΪ˷жˡ
Ͼ󻷾ڣ໹Ǵ׵λࡣ
ԴȪΪ߲߲㣬߲ƣӵܹ߲㣬ÿһ㶼ߴɣ߲ǳŵ죬ÿһҲɣռؼ㡣
ԴȪһ˵ֻǸϢĵطԴȪԽǸ߲㣬еľ鷨ԽǸ߼ٶԽ졣
ʸǰԴȪ߲㣬ٶʮ
˵ԴȪ߲㣬ͬһʱֻһҪõеʸѣ¸ٶǮС
ԴȪûʲôȤֻԴȪϢһϣҸʲôģڶٽԴȪ֮ء
ԴȪ֮أվûʲô֪ûǸһС飬һвźá
ϢǣԴȪÿʱÿ̶޻ԴȪϢʱļԱ洦ɼ
ͨΪҸõĶ鲢ףҸһĶ飬ȴҲѡ
Ȼǰ޵Ļ
ԴȪ߲Ϊ׼ģ˵߲Чǳ˭Խĵһ㣬޵ٶһҡ
ԴȪڵޣųɾŶֻͣڵһ㣬ԼֻһɵٶҲ൱µġ
ֻǶѰĽˡ
ڱѩʳĵطĸӵԼ޼лûо鷨󣿾˵ׯ԰ɣׯ԰ڣЧβľ鷨мٸׯ԰ڵٶȶһɵɲֹ
ЧѾԱԴȪĵڶˣԴȪʵֻǽ޵ðˡ
Ҫ̤ԴȪһ㣬ֻҪʮöѩҰˣˣԴȪһǧߵ룬Ҳܹﵽһöң
ЩңһԴȪĽȡ󲿷ҪϽѩʳԼΪԴȪܹ鷨Щǰǡ
ҪʮöңҲ㲻رǮؼƶ˵Ȼ󣬵ҲҪ̫ҡ
ƶ˵۹ӵеĲƸҾܹģʮöңʵֻƶ˵ӵ㻨Ǯˡ
Ҫ֪ƶ˵ǰϹżƷս԰׺Уһ޼֮óǶҶ򲻵ĳ
ԴȪһ㣬ռؼ㣬ϰٸڻơ
ףڶ཭ʮöѩң̤ԴȪ֮С
ڵһǻ״ṹ⻷һ㶼ǽ޳ȺӣԱ׼жȵȣﱻΪ
ڣһǽڽ洦ɼڰ̯׵ȵȣûʲô˵£ᱻϳԴȪ˵ᱻ´̤ԴȪһ
֮ڣϢ
ϢУвͬľ鷨Ҫ⽻ǮһЩʱĽ޾ϲϢøһЩҸָսܵĴ˺ĵ
ȻҪϢ
ֻһֱţȹ۲һȻͿʼɫһԴȪ֮رȽ˽Ķ顣
ٵһ̤ԴȪ֮أ׼ж˾֮󣬲ŻĵԼ
ļԱ޶ǳ࣬էһȥʤĿϾӡ
һ۲ڽĿһϡŮӣŮϣܸܵ൱ŨϢ
֦޵Ϣ
ȷŮϵϢǳںɱпϴŵϢ
Χ·Ľ޶ŮȥľηĿ⣬Ҳ֪Ů⸽һӦͦ
ɱ㹻Ŀ֦ޣôŮӶԴȪ֮ص˽ض٣ǶͨΪսˡ
Уʱֻ֪ŮӣļԱлʲôˣͲ֪ˡ
СҪһĶԱ̽һܾҪܱܿߵͨ޵ĸ֪
ŮСӵļҪҪ󣬶ڴ˵Ρ
ܹܿߵͨ޸֪
һЩﵽߵͨĽǿߣĳ¶һ㣡


655 С
νСӣΪģ켣ԴȪĽޣ˵СӵţΪСв绨ĴŮһӳؾǿߡ
СĸԱԴȪ֮ݺ裬׬貧ӯ
ԶԶ۲һһǽڣһһ߹۲ȺŮޣһɫۣΪ죬ķȥζͣӦøպʮҡ
һŮ;ͱȽСˣ˫ʼ͸һֽƺϲ׽ŪһֻһͣȴͬӵͨΪ
ԴȪ֮СӵϢŮӦöǵõĿӡҽȫǿߡ
СӵԱȫĿӡǿߣֻСǸŮûн䳹
ͱҪǿһЩˣɺ֮⣬ھġġĶֻɣĺľ͸˵ˣٷ֮һ
ǵΣֱӴ֮ԴģĿӡǿ
ⲽŮӣͬʱһΪӢһŮȥ
λŮãӦСӵġ
Ӣһ㳯Ů¶һ΢ЦҪһܹߵͨ޸֪ˣһˡ
ŮŴ˿һۣھͿʼǶӳˣȻԼǷϸ񡣡
ѵλŮû˵ھƵ֣
ӢԣΪʧӣЦˣ˲
ھƣ
΢곤һЩŮ޿ӢһۣȻ´һҲǶӳͨ˲С
һ˻Ȼ֪ھ˭Ҳ⸽һȽϳĽˡ
ҪھƼСӵĻɾû˻ᣡ
ǰֵھԼûκƣΨһƱˣʩչ֮󣬿ؾǿߣһܹġ
˵ĻŶͨھƣȴѾﵽͨһ˵ܡ
ھԴȪþãȽĻСӵȻƫڽھ顣
ҪСӵĻµ΢ʩչһֶˡ
Ƕӳʲôʱ
ھ곤Ů޵Ļüͷ΢΢һ壺ҵʱǺܱġ
ôҿһ£Сӣϣõʲôꣿ
곤Ůһ˼ֱ˵ʵ
ܼ򵥡
ھô˵ɫŻ˵һöңСӿ϶ۣ
һöңҲ̫˰ɣ
һһֱû˵Ů̲ס²۳һöҿ൱һļƷսļ۸ˣһ˵óڣ
ڣ
ھЦһŮһۣСãֲǲ֪һǴȥʲô˵ھǴΪʵ̽·ѡҪ᲻۸ҿɾȥСˣǻҼġ
Сӣ
곤Ůԣɫʱһ䡣
һţҲЩ죬СӣСӵԴȪǸһؾǿߴ֮⣬ߵͨǿߣͨĸҲʵСǿö࣡
СӵΪȴ˼ΪݣΪԴȪ֮ΣյĻСӵССӳԱն˸Գûѡ
ֻСӲ̽ԴȪ֮һһܾõջ񣬳ΪԴȪһС֮һ
һ·ᵽСˣСӵΪȻǲܼСӵġ
Сӣе·Сһж
ȻҪСӣǿ϶Ҫ˵ƷŵùУǿв£µǵǿлŵʱԼͻȻڱͱԼһӡ
ǵΣһöң̽Ƕӳɡ
ӢھƣЩζɫ곤ŮޣǶӳӦòʧľ
ǶӳڹָҩûôܸϹ
Ů޺޺޵˵
ǿɲ̫ҸǶӳһʱ䡣
ھƵһЦ
ھŮ޵̸УһʼıŮ䣬гڱŮ̽ӳй˵˴˵ǿơ
ûᵽСӵʱ곤Ů޻סһᵽСӣû취סˡ
ΪСӺСһֱǵжԹϵھǼСӽнȥжǶС˵ԲǸϢ
ھƺŮŵʱѾʩչֶΣȻˣȥ˽Ϊ곤Ůԡ
ǻѡ񡣡
δȴŵóŮھƶʱһ㶣˷׷ĹȻȴ޷Ӱ
ǽļ似ĹӰɱ۷ֶΣĹӰɱǴļƷ似Ѱļ似ǿȻ
ҪǣɵĽϣЧǿ
˭˵
ھɫɨΧȺһۣһ
ΧĽһ׷˿ȥµھƶ֮֡
˵ҲǾͶˣҾСҪҵǸˡ
ˣǴ곤Ůഫģ˲ϱ仯λá
˭
곤Ůһ㶣漴һϲû뵽ھвʱ򣬾Ȼôһ֮ϲ
ǿƵھƣ곤Ů޲ϲһöҵ꣬Сˡ
ڳһǿĻɵޣ곤Ůϣģ
ңޣԣ˶ȫҲɼ²ھò
װŪֵı
ھɫһڿܵĴʱôԸⱻ˸£
ɽӰȥ٣ǱΣ
Цһ̺Ե
⻰е곤Ů޺ŮΪϲ˵ڰ֮ˣȫھ֮֮֮ˣʵضھƸǿ
С˵ǸϢ
ߣҾͲܱȵҡ
ھƺ̧ͷ곤һۣҾһǶӳǶӳܷҡװŪСӣҲǰˣˣˣߵͨĶӳضԭα¶ʱ̸̸һöҵ⡣
˵仰ھһֱƴһˣ
ھӣ˼


656 ƴ
˵ҪõСӵĻᣬھƲУû˿ᡣ
ο¶ֵĻͨΪᱩ¶ţ뱩¶Լս£ɾͱھȫȫȥˡ
ȻھҪƴɣȫûоܾɡ
˵ģӭģǶӳʲôʱҿɲĪС˷̫ʱ䡣
ھȻ˵ŻԵΪͷӡ
˭˷˭ʱ仹˵ء
ֱ˵Ļһ䡣
λԱ𣿡
ӭĵ곤Ů˵ǶӳӦúܿͻˣᳬһʱ䡣ʱλɾֳܷʤˡ
ʤѾ˱ƴȫֻ˷ʱѣԴȪ˭ܱھƵɸߵģ
ھƵ𣬶Լˮƽżߵš
βû˵ֻһ߱״̬һڸ߶ĵȴСӵĶӳ
˵СӳǰŮ֮⣬Աһ˫ֵ̥ܣиСӶӳߵͨΪһ̤ؾ
λܵܵ츳ֳǿö࣬ǰѾ̤ؾȻСӵĶӳʵȴСӵ
СӵĶӳɽؾĵܵйɣԴȪһȷ൱
ֻҪߵͨǿһӱ֪ھƺ׺ϲϸ߶ܱܿСӶӳ̽⣬ôʣ˶С˵ı׼
һСӻѡ˭Զ׼ˡѡھƵĻҪ֧һöңѡǸͬǿġɽĻ;ԲҪ֧ôı꣡
ȻΧΧȺڣСӸ˵ŮޣǺڱƴɵھƣȫΪǹġɽܹܿСӶӳ̽⡣
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
һɫ۵ӴԶⲽ;ĽȫΪóһ·СӵĶӳɽ
ɽһģ˳ΪأҿҲ֪һ¼Ϊзִǿޡ
ɽ̤ǽΪ곤Ůʵӭģʲôˣ
Ϊ곤ĳŮӭļԼСӵĶӳǰӭ̽˵ӳǰӦƸһھƣһɽǶڸܲ̽𣿡

ɽΪ죬ھƵŸǾȣھƿʲô
һöҡ
Ůӭ˵
ɽһüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǽɽġ
ھƵȻһִЩ⣺㻹𣿸Ҳ˵仰֤㻹ڸûмβܣ
Ҷܡ
ֱӳȻСӶӳɽԴ
ɽʱһæعͷȥȴԶһȦָָ㣬Щɻ
ɽڿ㣬֤ɺܲ㲻ھҪ̫ڵĻСӾѡˡ
ɽûԥ˵
⻰һԵھ
ɽ˵ʲô㾹Ȼ̽ⲻǽɽСӣ
ھƵĻг˲ţԴȪôܻ˱ھ
˵˼Ҳ⸽ޡ
Ůֹһ䣬仰ھƸӷŭ
ɽɵˣ㲻ҪңھƱСӣԼȨװɣ
ھһֱվ˹ɽǰ˵ɽҲҿ㾿ôһװŪļһ
ɽһСӡĸ֣ɫʱһ䡣
ΪСӵĶӳȻڳŮ޸ȥǳжڣСȣôСС֮ʵཫø
ԭһС׷СӵĻᣬҪھƼСӵĻ
ӳҾ㲻ôż
һԵĴ˳ھƵôܱܿؾǿߵĸ֪ɣȶӳĵ֤ܵҵɱھƸ߳һˡ
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Ҫ֪СһֱѪ̵·ҪǵʱԣȱµĿ϶ͲΪ˵ھƣ
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ΪҲɽڹǰһظУҪС͸һжʱ򽫻ռݼƣ


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в⣬ϸˡʹĻΪҽ뿪Ļ͵ٶȶľԪ֮ԴȻ뿪ʹܹ
ʹסһ۾ǿӦûʲô⣬ֻҪֵٶȹ졭
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һڱľԪ֮Դһö֮ԴľȺ˵ǼΪҪʣУкüͷؾػš
ɨǱһۣ֪ûκλᣬܽЩؾȫߡ
ʱľ層ͷһδһǿ𺳣ŵһײľ層ݣֱӽײһȱڣ
ͷ֦ĵݻ٣Ϊ
г·ˡϣ
ûκԥȻͷ뿪·ߣûҪԥԥˡ
ǼͷؾЩԥĶͷŵ֪ԼǸػ֮ԴǷȥæԸŵʱֳмǰһ˲͵Ǳ֦ƵԴʯǰ
֮ԴԴʯӵеԴʯһǴӴе֮ԴеõԴʯǿε
Դʯκ˵ǼֵԹĹ屦޼֮
ϹżƷսУ̶֪ˣ޼᲻ݣܹκķ
Ȼڣֳгһſ֦ȥȴ˼Ϊֲķһľϣһſ֦۳Ȼεĵֵס
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ԴʯϮͬʱǺüͷؾ޼ͬʱӦҪɱֻϧһ̣˲ɢЩ޵Ұڣ޷ҵڡ
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ľ層룬ڵľǼͷؾֱԻŨɢȴֱԴʯȻѾɡ

ٶȣŵײȱӳľ層ݣҳʱķӴܡ
۾ǿȻʶǵ۾ȴʹס޷վֻܿԽԽԶ
ֱʮ￪⣬¼СӵԱ
ˣǳѨе۾ޣҵһʱˣиδ֪ǿڣƺڶԸͷ۾ޣҲŵѡ
һ˵
ģ
⻰ӳɽɫ΢䣬漴һϲСӷֱܹȥˣӿҪˡ
ߣȺһﻹųҿǲǴ
Ů޺޺޵˵
Сȥˣ
ҲЩ죬СӵеͣƼԶľ層ݱ˴սȻҿȥ
仰ûдԵ۾ޣʹС˴ȥֱ
һ棬׽С˺ɷ顣


661 ת
ûȥľ層֤СǷȥ˵뷨
һСӲȤ֪ĻȫԵȻʹҪ֪ʹľ層У۾޾ء
Сôǵ뿪ˡ
СҲһ뷨
Ȼûǰľ層ݣҲԶԶĸܵǱ߷ǿǾԶĴڣս֮С
жûܹõʲôС˲źΪǰжҲÿһζɹ
ԴȪ֮֮ԣ붮ýˣܹȥұǿֻ֪ɱ¾ĻƬˡ
Сӻľ۾޺ʹʱ򣬳ҵõһЩô
һľ層ݷת뿪š
ֻϧСӵ˿϶֪ʹվⷽģҲľ۾ģȥֻס۾ްˡ
Ѿ֣ʹ϶˼ˣʱСӿ϶ᱻŭľ˺ɷ顣
С˲ûлɹǵȷֻ뿪һ·ѡ
۾ǿߵսǿԲͽȥġ

һ·뿪ԴȪ֮أƬɺԵԴȪ֮ӴϣС˺ͷһԴȪ֮е֡
Ȼȥһ£ȼ쿴ûСӵϢɡ
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ȻСûеõʲôǿߵսδߣûջܱȥúöˡ
뵽СӷŴԾ⳰СǵСųĳɽоͺܲˬôˬҲûãΪĻСܹˣû˭ܹص
һ·صԴȪУͲ̫ʺСһˣϾܿҪӭʹʹľ層õĶ
ʹŵֵĻǺԸ⽫ԼСӵ˷ֻϧõľԪԴʯʹָҪġ
ԴȪеһϢУʮöңһ߼ͥԺһʱ䣬ȥһʱڣûκܹͥԺдΪǮͥԺԴȪִӱ
С˷ֿ֮δȥǻô룬ǾȴʹĻع顣
ʹϵԴʯźĸ֪ûãͥԺûκ˷֡
ǰΣ
ܵʹվһ䣬ܡ
ʹܸܵܵʹĴڣʹȫεģƾʵȫʹ
ܹٶöľ壬ٶöȫʹƻˡ
ʹƺûôɭˣһӰǰһ۵ԴʯҰɣЩľ嶼ġ
˵ͷдռеľԪԴʯȡ˳ʹ
֪ʹԴʯʲôãٶöľ壬϶ڲ
Ҫ֪ľǿӹһнģûܹľ壬ӵٶöľ壬ܶ飬תЩľԡ
ľԪԵԴʯ֡
ʹɵӰ۾ȻʮöľľȡЩľ壬ֱǶУǿɰǧķҲת
תԵĹУԸԵ򽫻Ѹڴ磬ܶ฻ӵܶľ壬Ѹĳĵġ磬þĽЩľԾĵ򽫻һΡ
ʹһǰһ
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ûκԥ̸ʹһתķȻ׼ԡ
תһöľ壬ǧ֮һĸġ
ʹѵʮöľ壬ĳˣڶԾĵɵЧǿҽģһ壬ǿΪֲĳ̶ȡ
Ŵﵽٷ֮һܹɣҲǰٷ֮ʮôڵǿʮ
壬˵һֶ似Чǿ似Сɾ֮󣬻ܹɵһķϣƺΪ֮ϡ
֮ϵķǿȣĳ̶йˡ
֮ǰ֮ûù֮ϣΪٷ֮һĵ޷۳㹻ǿ֮ϣͨĹֵס
ǽɣô֮ϵķҲʮһ̫żƷ似пڵֵؾǿߵĹ
˵Ǹ
УġġĺĶǿȼ֮Դ
ȴδֱӲʹĽ飬ǿʼԼ⣬Դʹ½ϵõĿӡöĿӡǺǿģֻǹĦͷ۵̬Ӷɣ˻ĹӰɱֶΣƾģڵĵͨ޶޷ƭ
ģڶ˵ҪΪģ̫ս
ģ̶ܴӰٷ֮һߵɣѧķֶΣ֮ϣʮ
ģǴԭɣôӡͨһ
󣬾ģɣɣľ似õһ
ϹżƷ似⡢ļƷ似ű֣֮ͨҪսֶεһ
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ʼһ㣬ѡĵĻôǿ࣬ؾǿߣҲ޷սʤԷ
Ҫѡ˾ģпܲͬȻ޷ֿؾǿߵĹȴпƾ͵Ϯɱɵһؾǿߣ
Ȼֻпܰˣȥ͵ϮһؾǿߣѶȻǷǳģ٣ֻһ֮󣬲Ż΢еա
תΪľ塣
˾
öľ壬˲תɵģʹṩķÿҲתʮöľԣԼٷ֮һľĶѡ
żʶʢỹнʱ䣬㹻ʮöľȫתˡ
ʱ򣬲Ծ򽫻ĳɻܹ࣬ƾʮöľ壬ӹׯ԰еĳЩؼ


662 ӳ
ʹеõתľԵķ֮Ҫġ
ʹǰľ層뿪֮ǰɷһӾ޴У
ǿҪ⣬ֻ˳㣬ǰСһСæ
Уʹ뿪ʱǾѾľץסˡ
ʹ˵ľ岢ҰޣҲԼ˵Ǽ໹
ץʲôã
üͷ΢塣
ôܶ࣬Ǿ޹ˡ
ʹ˵仰ӰǰʧˣȻҪԼĵöõľԪԴʯȥˡ
Ҳû룬ľץסСӵʲôãȷ޹ϵľԴȪ֮磬Ҳбѩʳǿ߶Ըڵ۾ޣҲնɱ
о۵ĹϷӡ磬綥ֻе۾ܹ̤㣬۾٣籾۾ǿߵĶ֡
Ҫ֪ĵ۾ǿߣԲ

ԼͥԺУȡһöľԪԵľ壬׼תΪľ塣
ʹ½͵øϸһЩľ壬ǵ۾֮ϵǿߣֶΣ൱սĶ
磬ľ฻ӵƷڼӹһн
еһЩͨ壬Ҳֻһöľˣ⣬ľҲǷǳĶ
ľǿתģÿһöľ壬ԱתĴԽ࣬ӹ̽ЧԽÿһζֻתΪͬԡ
磬ڽľԪԵľתΪ˾ľ壬ô޷ٽתΪκԪԺӰԵľ塣
ֻ㽫תһΣҪȻӹ̽ЧϵһЩЧﲻ
ɲҪġ
ãľľ壬һľ壬Ҳ˵δתǼֵߡЧáЧߵƷ
磬ǮĸӵܣǲһľתģҲǶһľмӹ̡
ҪûʲôǮĻֻܹľʹã۸Ҫ࣬ЧҲࡣ
ʹĻ˵εõٶöһľ壬죬ΪҪۼֵĻһľļֵ൱һϹżƷս
ٶöһľ壬ֵܼ൱ϹżƷս࣬ԲѰŪֵġ
ľһľԴȪ֮н챤ݣҪʲôж㻹Ǿ뿪Ϊƻһݣֹǵж
ʹĻߣǲôżľ޴ԴȪ֮شˣҲ㹻ʱߵġ
עУض·ǰУֱעľ塭
ʼʹ˵ڷоĵĿʼתľ塣
עľԪľ壬ԭľеľԪ㱻ż˳ľУͨض··ǰĳ
Ծĵ򲻶ǿ
ʱʱ䣬ľ嶼˾˶һöľת
Ϊٳˣ磬»Թһġ
˵ûľ磬Ǽ޻޵õľ壬ҲܶתԣǿԼĵ
Ҫǿĵֻͨſޣÿ츳ͬϳ̶ȲͬٶҲͬ
ϣҪĳȫģҲҪʮʱ䡣
ڵ濣֪Ѿ߰˳ɵΪǴӺͿʼΪֹͳʮꡣ
⻹츳ߵ濣֪˵ĻҪҪѵʱ佫á
õٶöľ壬˵ֱʱ䣬ģ
תһöľ֮תܵԼĵ򣬵ȷڲǿĹУ档
磬õĺö
Ҫ뿪磬ڿҪԽ۾ɲǼ׵顭
ţҡҡͷǼרעתľԡ
ȻھҪ뿪磬ǰ⣬ȻȻʸ񣬶ͨޣ絽ǣ۾ǿ߶ûκ뿪İ취ɼҪ뿪жѡ

һֱתöľ壬Ծĵǧ֮壬΢ֻǸտʼѡ
ʱ糿оԼͥԺ֮ţüͷ΢塣
ԴȪ֮ػĵڶ죬˭
ͣϵĶľȫȻǰţ־ǹɽվµͥԺſڡ
ȶӳԭ㣬ʲô𣿡
ֱ˵ʵ
ɽϴһĨЦ⣬´һӣɽСӣԸ𣿡
Ŷ
ЩȣҲŶͨС˵²ֵһᣬеҲӦ㲻ʲôɣ
㿴Լˡ
ɽЦҡҡͷֻ˵㿴Сӣ
ǵǡ
ҲЦЦֻֻܿͻ뿪Сӣ²̫ʡ
ԭˡ
ɽȻ˵ͷֲǰû˵㣬˵ţԴȪ֮ظ϶ܳŶԡ
ȶӳˡ
һЦûʲôµĻ
Ҫʱ򣬲ԶһŮ˹СӵŮޣ
޿ٱжԹɽæ˵ӳСӵɶˣ˵Сӳ֮ȫûҪСӣ
ɶ
ɽԣɫ΢΢һ䣺˵ԴȪ֮ؾʲôûУ
˵ˡ
ǰЩԥĿһ֪òֱ˵
޷˵ɣɽֵܲˡ
ɽ˰˵
š
ŵ˵ͷԹɽ˵ɶ˵СӾ˴޳Ѩ޳ѨоȻе۾ޣ˺ô󹤷ӳ˶ѾˡСӣԸ⽫СԭӵеĲȫСӵĳ⡣
һ⻰üͷ΢΢һ塣
ɶ˭֪ȴ֪СӾѾȫľץסˣʹƭΪƭʹȫûʲôô
ľץסˣпӳ
Ȼʹ˵ľ岢ҰޣԼĻǻۣѵɶľųģ
ô˵ɶС˵Ĵ඼ǼٵģСŵĻԻΣգ
ҽǻǲҪǸɶ
Źɽۣһ䡣
⻰һɽ޶ʱ˹Щ⣬Ȼû뵽Դ


663 ˻ʾ
֮󣬹ɽû˵Ůȴ̧ͷɽ׼С𣿡
׼
ҡͷ
ǵ¾ͲҪܡ
һȻľΪˬ
С
ЦһתصԼͥԺڡ
ɽЩȻΪһ˶ԼСӵˣοûʱۣȥһɶ

صͥԺ֮ȴδɽͷޣʩչ˹ɽ
ʶһ뿴ȥȻҪ뷨ҪǸɶӶ֪ʵࡣ
ľ壬ȻΪУôǣǶһЩ˽⣬ʱҲ̫æҡ
СڵͥԺţۿŹɽ̤ͥԺУڷĴڣֻȺҪȻ϶ᱻͥԺڵСӷ֡
ûеȴá
ʱɽޣԼСԱɺӭģʹһʮŮޣһ뿪ͥԺŮӦþɶˡ
ɶɫȫЩãԵ൱ǱȴӵߵͨΪ
ʩչȻں
СӺСӳԱɶܿһ뿪ԴȪüͷ΢壬ɶϿ˵ҪСȥȡСӴ洢ŵʣʵϾĿ꣬С˾Ȼţ
رǵС˱ԴȪ͸Ӧ˲Ŷԡ
δ룬״̬ܱ˷֣Ϊ˱˸ڣķһöǿ١
֮󣬼ǻʾǿ֣߳޷֪Ĵˡ
һ·棬СɶܿԴȪ֮ؾΧĸɺԺӴϣҴ˺Ӵʯϵĳʯǰ
۾ۿɶ˽Ǹʯ
С˲δ˵ʲôֻ΢ֳһЩɣɶ̤Уһΰ˵޴
˽ȥûбκ˷֡
̤ʯڣ͸одһľ޵ϢΪʣ˵СӵҲӦøо˲Ŷԡ
á
뵽һܣɫʱһ䣬һ뿪Ǹʯ
һ̣ʯſһ֦ųֱӽǶڳ׷գ
ȻľʯУ
ҼȻȺľСӣֵ޿϶ֹһͷؾޣֻʾޡ
ҿǵǰṳ̂ʯڵĵʱ֣ڲܺһӳ塣
Сˣ²ƾ־ԣһ˳
ţʩչֶΣʯͷȴš
һʯбһ·ĳ漴һƬš
ԻʾޣɶܱһнȷɶС˲Ǳ壬ĳַ
̫ÿ˶似ԴȪȴĳֵҩһԼĻܹһʱ֮á
漴ɶʯ˳ˤ˸ɺԵĺӴϣһܵˡ
ţͷ֦޽ʯ֦ӶȺ裬Եƥ
һͷʾͷ
һųǰͷ֦ޣ֪С˲滹Ǽ٣϶Ѿˡ
ϣǻɡ
ţԶԶЩľޣδҪ֣Ϊ뿪ԴȪ֮ؾ֣ͷ޿´ھ״̬
޹ŵֻһʩչɱĻᡭһɱͷޣ
˵һΪѵ飬ΪɱķΧͷľ޲ǾһĻһȫɱ
Ѳûпܡ
ԣʼȴȴͷľ޴ɶԴȪ֮ؾǰУ̤֮ܿУα֡
ص֮ͷľ޵ľӦýһЩ
ץᣬڸɺԵԴȪ֮Ӵϣֱ۳һĹŲӰ׼ж
ھ뽥Զͷľޣǻʾ޶ܲԶڰ֮
֪׼ֺɱǣ
ĻĹŲӰʩչžмɹȥ
ĹŲӰȻǲܷģζԻʾûãᱻԷ֡ҪЧ
ԶԶڻĹŲӰ棬׷ͷľޣ׸ܵͷʾ޶ĻĹŲӰ˸֪
źȻһǻʾ޵ľ
ĻĹŲӰδӦ㱻һĿ֦͸޵ֿɢ
ʱͷľȴǾһûзֿȫŻĹŲӰĨɱķһۡ
Щû۾ӦӾ٣ܹ׽һйߡ
ĹŲӰĨɱķҲֻʶĿһ۰ˣһۣץסǾһĻᣡ
ɱ󣡡
ûɱʼƮڸ߿յ޹ŵϣѸۣȻ˾ͷľ޾ۼĵط
Ѹһɱ󣬿ֲӣͷľڡ
ľԪԵҲʼͷľޣرǻʾ޵һʱ˷ӦɫȻϮҪƻɱĳ͡
ֻϧɱ޹ŵбͲܱжϳͣ
ɱ
ʱͷľȫ֣ʴڣȫƻ
Ψлʾ΢еֿһɫľԪԵķϣ΢һɱĿֲȴҲֻһ¶ѡ
Ƿ漴㱻飬ʾͬʴڣʼڴƻ
ھΧȥ᲻ǰ֧Ԯ
ûĻľ޾ԲֱԵ뿪֣
ܣ
һɱ󱬷ͷֱӱɱͷʾȴˣٶȳӴȥ
ԻʾޣҲżΪ׼ȷжͷʾޱɱ֮ѾĶ֣
֣֮
һͨʩչʱһֻ֣֮ԶĻʾץסĿʼʴȥ
Ծĺĵ˫ʴͷʾЩֻţһ׷ֻǸͨޣǴǱݶľԪԴʯǸʱ˷ŭ
ССޣȻ׷ԸһͷĻʾǿߣ
ڳиǿĴڣҲӲˣƴһѣնɱޣ
ʾһ̱ͷɱˣʵֻʣȫʢʱڵʮ֮һоԵһͨޡ
ȷûˣʾ޵תͷȴ΢΢һ̡
ɣ
û˿ӭȥ


664 ͨ
Ҫ£ʾޣ޷ȫʵĵطڵܹԸ˵ġ
Ȼڣͷʾȴɱˣȫʮһ
Ҳ˵ǰͷӵлʾΪľޣʵȲһͷޣ˵󻷾ʺЩľս
ӡ
һ̧֣׼õֶͨʩչһʺĵ֣ͷʾްΧ֣ʼȡӡǡ
ʾһ˻漴ľԪԵһɫⲨȻ˳
޹ŵ
һʱˣͽ޹ŵѹʮǰ
ɫⲨƻΪֲǿ޹ŵغ˿ȥһײ˻Զϡ
ǻʾޣȻˣӵʵֻϧ
ȫѪӿ޹ŵһײ߻أȻȴ֪ոһǻʾǿĹˡһιҲζͷʾ޲ˣ˾֮֡ӡɵӰ죡
Ҳ͵ͷޣڱضȷŸܵ˵ʱֻܷӳٷ֮һʵ
Ϊٲô󲿷ȥѹɢĵĻӡǽᱻȫȡɾǶľʾ˵ⶼΪµĺ
޹ŵڶ
һμͷʾޣȻʼ󣬺ʥųеƣֻȷͷʾڵʵԱȲȫʢ״̬µʥ
⣡
ʩչһɱУ
ڵľڳѸӣһʱͷĻʾ޶ڡ
ƬУʾ޷ҵΪʱ뵽ƬУƬ⻯Ϊһ塣
ȴ˺ͷľޣ
԰׺У
ֽϹżƷսľ޵Ŀľͷ­˳ȥֳУһĹŲӰУûĹŲӰǰͷľʾޡ
԰׺ûʧֻΪϹżսҲܽľʾ޵Ŀ֦նϡ
ĹŲӰֳֵо͸ǿˣֳУĹŲӰֱӽľնأ
δΪ֪½ľնأһܹɱҪҪľ޾ȡС
޾壬ĺģ൱޵ĵԼ޵ȵȣֻҪûǾ壬ľ޾ͻ᳹
ͷʾޱնصʱƣȻ֮Уһ֦ݺύΧɢȥ

ľ޵ֶΣԴȪ֮Ҳ˽⣬˵ľ޵һ츳֦ͨͨΧɢӶոڿеָ
ʾޣȻûô׶Ը
ûĹŲӰֳУһ̲ͣնЩӳĿ֦ȻЩȴԽԽ࣬չȡķеľԪĵ
ԽԽĿ֦뿪˾ķΧŸԶӿȥⷶΧռˣм޴
ۣ
˺üɫ֦ĹƣȴվǱһ֦͸ֱۣѪʱ
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ɱԽ࣬һԽǿȻÿʩչһΣȪ߻ӡԽ٣һʩչԽ
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ܹͨΪŸͬĽ׶Σӵһ쿪ʼһֱھ죬ÿһ죬١
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Ŵ΢Цо΢ЩȻȫɣüͷ΢ŻشҲƭǰȴҲ뱩¶

۾Ļ̲סЦǸȤСһû´ĻӦþ԰ɣ
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һֵĳǩһؾǿߵıѩׯѩĸǱųģҲ˵ǶߵͨĶ֡
̧ͷϲɫׯĻǺܴܲף
֪ʵׯ԰ͨ£һ˽ɴ˿ɼʵΡ
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ҡҡͷɲҴƱڶԸߵͨĶӦòѣ˭֪ѩʶȦʲôŴڣ
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һһˣôȥֻһܳųųˣׯ԰šҶ֡ܰȵȣʱԸ̫ǿĶ֡
ſ㣬ԸͨǿҲǶˡ
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ʮ˻սˣܹõʮ֣ڶʧ˳ģܵõʮĵ֣Դƣǰλܵõ֣ȱ̭İ˾ûлˡ
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ħģǷ籩ħżĿӡ֮󣬾ѾԶͬޣ˵ﵽͨˮ׼ҲΪ
ħߵΪнͨҲ˳Ȼ飬ŵٶɵúܲڵͨӣȻȲͨӣҲͨǵڶΡ
ŬͨΪнͨˡ
Ҳôġ
˵ͷɨ˳һۣ֮⣬ǻһСӣλ˭ȽϺã
⣬Ҫʺºţ޶ׯ԰˲ϤȻᷢʲô
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ׯ԰ڣ޺ţ˭ʵܿùȥģ
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һʱ֮䣬ѩʶǿҲѰ׼ˡ
ѩʳĻʶʢᣬѩʳһ޵ʢᣬһЩޣ᲻Զ˹ۿ
ѩʶڲٵطѾʼľ֣ҪǶλʶʢУׯ԰ף̭
һٶʮׯ԰Уׯ԰ľһڶĳؽѺעׯ԰ϣׯ԰λᱻ̭


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μӻʶʢʮĸûʮµߵͨǿߣǱȽƵЩۡ飬Ҳׯ԰Ҫǿöࡣ
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ֻҪʶʢׯ԰ѩʳգôׯ԰Щȫᱻϳׯ԰һǳôԸЩˣѩʳᣬǾǱʱ

ʶʢĿʼʱ䡣
ЯһöңܵѩʶĸĳѺעׯ԰̤ʶʢǰ٣һĶľֻ֣ҪӮˣõʮöҡ
û˿ׯ԰Զׯ԰ܹ̤ǰٵģ֮ͺˣУҲֻͶǮ˼˼һ漣أ
ϴȱͶߣڼׯ԰Ѻע֮вˣܹѺעǧöׯ԰ϣ
룬ܲǸɵȱĳһö͸˰ɣ
ׯ԰ʲôҲ˵
ֻ֮óһöңǻڵƶ˵۹һöҳлܽ͵ͨĻͻˡ
ȵʶʢ֮ⳡľֽׯ԰ֻҪ˳̤ǰһ٣ͲٲҴˡ
ⳡľֻ֣ҪӮˣܹٻʮöң
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ջ˷ħӡЩδһûԹħӡء
Ǿһ԰ɣ
ͻȻһϤˬʶ࣬䳡ȫһ㶡
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䵽䳡УŽһ£Ȼ̧ͷ磬ôʱ䲻벻㶼ͨˣǱҿ찡
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ЦһЦҲһ˳Уǰͳ˸ӵ
ǺšջīͬһѡͱԺģջī˲Ÿո̤ͨؾֻźͳǿһЩ
Ϊ˷籩ħУԲнʵĳɹҲţһͨӣ
ŮȶһͨޣҿͣԲʮꡣ
ȻһҪԷׯ԰սҪ֪ȶ𿤵ˡ
𿤣Ǳѩʳʮ˸֮ۡһ˴ҲμӻʶʢᣬڣִƣǸռĿۡ
´Żȶܿ콵վ˸ǰȶƯӼô˿ʱЩ졣


678 ƻ
ڻȶı֣Ϊ죬û뵽Ưôߡ
ӣд飬˵
ӵһִ֮һȭ˵ȶЩҪ˵ģʹҶⲻãҾʹȶ뿪ׯ԰ˡ
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ѩʳ֮ûׯ԰̫ãܿͳȥˣ˵壬ǰ𿤡
ʼ𿤣ȶ˺ѣȴҲ֪ȶ೤ƻ飬Ҫ޸һϲļһ
˵˻ȶһۣȻҺȶӳģֻҪλ𣬽ҺȶҪǰˡ
ȻǺ»۵ׯ԰ԲҪׯ԰Żȶ˽
Ȼ˵Ǻͻȶѣ˵ֻСѾ׹˰ӡ
ȻڲŶͨΪ͵̫˶ѡǻβ飬鲢飬л̺ΪԴ
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֪ɳ֮󽫻öôǿԶޡ
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𿤣ǿǲޣ
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Ψɹܹġ
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ϢʱֻҪûȶסڱľӹ̵ͥԺڣȫˡ

ȶһȵǰĳΪͨǿȫһȥȻûܹƻǰͥԺֺ
˰ɣ
ںͷЦŵЩķʽӹ̹ǻʾǿ߶ƿǵ۾ǿ٣Բܴ롣

ڻȶԣҲ֮̾ɫֶΣһηˡ
ȻȻӵֲֿļӹֶ̽Σ
˵ֶֻв˻ᣬû뵽ҾȻˡ
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ƾǣ»˵ɡ
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С꣬վǴСطģʶͻȶȲԶˣȶ˵Уӵмӹֶ̽Ρ
˼˵ֶΣǴľȵѧģľ壬϶ҲǴжġ
ȻҲпܻԴ
Ϊǿ֯˵ûкʲôϵ
ȻǾˣǲμӻʶʢѡͿԾˡ
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ҺͻȶͨӦ֮еһ᲻μӵְɡ
һƲ˵
Σ϶ǹˣ˻ȶļ룬ҶԵֵİҲöˡ
Ц˵
ȶͳļ룬ȷ˿ٻʶʢѡǽˣׯ԰ҪԵƿɾϾöˡ
ֶѩӴΪУ
Ȼ˵ӴʵҲ˶ѣǿߣѾǰҪ
һǿߵҲаǣסԷһʱ䣡
ΪϣѾƷɹǰܹ˶ʮʱ䣬ȵƷҪϼ죡
ʹ棬û뵽ƷȾ۸죬۵Ʒʱ绹Ҫء
ȶ޹Ǿ䳡дһ˽һ£ڻʶʢиõϰɡ
λŮдҪ


679 ս
޺ͻȶ໥һۣȻ˵ͷ
Ҫڻʶʢиõϣ˵ȷӦö˵ʵ˽Уׯ԰ڻʶʢϵӦ໥˽һЩ
֣ȥһǿ֮ѡСӣμСս˵޹ﱻȥȶˡ
ߵԣЦ˵ȥ˭ӣһϳ˭ϳǴһսʤΣ
⡣
һЦ
ǶԳĺܣڼҲһ̤˶ͨͳдһˡ
֮ǰ˶ȿʵʲô̶ˡ
Щһֱд裬޵ǳͻƵͨޣѾܹԸ˵ġ
ȶʵǷǳ˽ģҪܹƾͨΪͶд衣
ʵϣڵĳԼ൱ĵģѰͨߣܹһʱ䣬ܹսʤһЩȽͨ
ڳô˵ҲͨǺд裬һܻʲôưɣ
ȶʵȴǷǳġ
ȶĻĿӡӵһļƷսһЩߵͨǿߣӵսʤֵʵ
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ͨˮᣡ
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һԹսĻȶ״û˰ɣͨǿʩչǿṥֶΣôֵͨܵסģ
ĳ׳˻ȶԤϡ
֮ϡ
΢ֻ̣һ̧֣ǰһƬϣԴ˰ӰʯľһɣӶ֮һһô
ţһˮбȻϮһƬ֮ϣתˮֻһ˲ͽ֮ϻ飬ȴҲ֮ϵ˲ٳ
йսߣԼ޵ǽŵĿУȻܣƺҪƾֵˮĳ

޾һֻǺд裬ҪһСĽɱǿɾͲˣ
ȻҪͣҲˣΪˮѾȻײϡ
壬
ˮĳܣȴų֮ɫУ޵һͨ޷塣
Ҳ˵վŲһж޷
ˮ۶ɵ˲ڳммһһȻѿǿɨߵ޶˺ü
Ȼļ룬Ӱȴ˿


680 
似粢ǺܳĳЩ֮⣬һ似
һԭ似ʵ̫ʹˣһԭ似ЧĳЩ似ãޣҲбȽϸ߽׵似
壬̫ż似ȫ󣬲Ҫ˵̫ż似Ϲż似лõĶ޼
ôܣ
ۿˮļ˿޺ͻȶһ˵ȣʱ˵
Ȼϣ˵ȴҲû뵽һмǿͨȻ޷κӰ죡
ĹӰɱ
һűĸĹŲӰˮĲٴܳĸͬϮޡ
ȴû˼սͷЦһˣǿֶζ˲㣬дȥҲûʲô塣
ðɡ
ЦһЦһ̧֣ˮļ˳ԼĸĹŲӰȫɢȥ
ųˮҲɢߵһԣԻȶȶˡ
ȶʱڷֵ޵ǿֶΣ⻰γѣʶĵ˵ͷ
䳡ȥͷһ۳𣬽ű㽫ȫ˼ϡ
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ȶһĨ֮ɫ֪似ҪɹǶôʹࡣ
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ֻһ̧֣޾ĵۣ𽥰ĳ˳гһ

˫ڹâһȦһȦΧɢȥγһԲ˷ɢȥ
ûã㽫ȫӰڣ
ЩӰĻȻֻǻûκʵԵĹԣƾӲأȴû뵽Щֻ۷ѡҿˣҪȻȶһͨҲ̫ǿЩ
ǡ
۳ûȶֱ𾪵һԹսҲȫһ˵ı顣
СӣȻ͵͵֮ô˵϶밵ӰĴﵽ弶ˣ

һԱ֪֮ǰ밵Ӱ弶ϣȴҲûмʩչֶΡ
벻ϼˣ
һȫǧӰһӾǽ״̬䳡ΧڶתΪһ̶
еߣᱻǣƽٶȱޱȣҪʩչһ似֮ͨǰʮ


681 Դ
ǧɫС󣬱Уһֽ⿪ΪƬɢС
ʱ󣬳Сȫʧֻʣ»ȶı壬
Ըʱ䣬һ´ļƷսزֶΣܣȴ֣Ƿٶȱƽʱʮ
Ǵ߶زսҲʱʩչʲôֶٸʱ䣬Ҳһû취κηӦ
յǰֳУ˻ȶӸǰȻ΢΢һЦУϹżսˡ
ȶһʱЩɥû뵽ԼܸһͨˣʵȷǿƾͨΪʩչͺˡ
ȶʰ·磬ǳϴ󡣡
ȶתһЦȻһսʵ˺ʶǾãͳׯ԰Ǹѡ
ƾڵʵڱѩʳĴ棬ĵͨؾʱļҲ˵Ҫһ·ȥпܱ˵˿ϣΪӡ
һּΪѵõҫһõߵʲôطܵأ

Ҳ̾ڻȶʵȴ赭дĻ˻ȶȻʵȷѾ˻ȶ
΢Щ죬ղŻϳһأڿûбҪˡԲĶֻ֣վǲûκΰ취
ӣȥ棬ߡ
֣ȴһŷдս
ҲȺþˣϣҵĴѾˣ
籩ħȡ˳ֱӾϹ˳˫ۣ㣬㣬㣬⾹ǴļƷսǼƷ
Ʒ
Щ˵

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˵ıԴķǳһʶʶ
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һӵз籩ħУһԴ֮˶Ŷͨսȴ˿ͨ
β飬ǱԴ۶ɣ벻˵
ҲЩȣû뵽ܹ򵽱Դ
һֱΪֹˣûԴĵأļеǿ𣬱Ŀӡǿ
Ҳ˵ıԴ൱ıԴģԼԴģԴģ
УźͳܿͿʼ˶սд衣
ŵʵѾ˽޷ǾͨħߵԼͨħӡܹ籩ħħķӡֽһСʱ䡣
⣬Żһдļ似Է籩ħʩչҲѷɫڳͨϷħĵڳϹһħ籩
ܿͱƵԳ˱壬β鸡֣ԴɵֵסһϮķħ籩
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ߣλ˽ܸʶ
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682 
ոϵׯ԰λͣȻǲǰ˵ҪĦʶʢĹɽ͹ˣһСӿɾˡ
ȻСͶСˣΨһ˲ʮܹ꣬μӻʶʢᡣ
ܿ죬ɽ͹ɱԼ䳡һ˵ȡ
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ûʲôĦһ»ʶʢŶսЩջҲ˵
˳ջǧöңֶΪء
ڹεĽУ塢ѩ廹治ʲôܵҪ֪岻ܴ𿤣ѩҲܴѩܺ͹࿹ǿޡ
ֻǱׯ԰ˣҲỵ˻ʶʢڼĹأֻҪɲ֣Ͳ顣
ۼ˹ɣܵ˹ɵϢ֮󣬻ȶǳ׷ˣԭе㺦±ǿӲֶץȥأ˹ɱĻͲҪһˡ
СӡСӣԴȪǿߣҲѩʳġ
ȶɣۼȻҲͷˡ

˾ٰһӭᣬӭӳԼӭɽ͹ɵĵ
ڶǿߵĳ֣ׯ԰˶һƬϲ֮УҲʹׯ԰ڻʶʢеʤˣ
㲻ȡʲôΣҲ䵽׵ĵǰһ̭˶ñϳƬׯ԰
죬дһս֮󣬻ȶ޶ʵ˽⣬ҲͶԽȥĻʶʢġ
Ů֪ǣδóȫʵɱﵾ֮飬ûͷųȻÿֻͷһΣдʱͷųġ
һɱﵵĻؾǿߣһսնɱ
˵ׯ԰һջʳߵģһ޸ۡ
ϯ䣬ҵʵ޸ۡУų֮һţĦի죬ϵã
ôһʣЩɻȴʵĦիʶ˱ѩʳ֮󣬾ҲûмҲ֪λʶʢز
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˫ۣǰ뿪֮ҺҸĦի죬һǳᣬǲʶύѣ
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ξУĦիץסӲд˺þãʩչͨӶիӰϮһ̤ͨ˵ľ硣
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ׯ԰ȫ˲٣ȻŻȥϢ
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ʶʢĵֺ͵֣ȴһĻս˫ܹһġ

ڶһ磬˱ѩʶڵ޸ۡſڡ
ϴˣպѩĸ֮һƣ޸ۡδʮǿߣ޸ۡƣ̫ҫ
Ҳ֪һ޸ۡʲô仯ûд᰿ˣ

޸ۡſڣ˴˸ۡţ֣ͨСƽ
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˵ͷ̧ͷɨ޸ۡһۣܵط
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ˡ
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ʶʢᣬ̭Ȼٰ֮ؾǿߵı䣬ǿߡ
ƶ£ѩʳΧ൱ţʹŲǸǽޣȫǰУԶջʳĸ󿤸ӻ
ΪˣѩʳʵѾջʳҪǿϲ٣Ȼڱøǿֻһ̤۾ѩʳͽΪѩ۹


683 ҫ
һ֪޸ۡ㲻̫á
ڣʮܲμӻʶʢͨؾޣȻׯ԰һֻʮˡ
ǿﵽͨսǿ߱ȼ硣
αԭǣһְɣƽѩ˶ʮ꣬ʸμӻʶʢᡣ
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Ҫ˵ʵͬ£һԲڻȶˣ
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޸ۡһϵ֮⣬ͻʣɸȥΪ׵ţûͶ޸ۡ
ܹʮܹμӻʶʢˣ֮⣬ɴߺɽ䣬ԼԪ׽İ£ʮꡣ
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Цŵͷ޸ۡһ˵Ŀġ
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ЦЦͣ½Ųعͷһ̫ҫ
ҫʱɫһ䣺ʶʢᣬĴ˽֣ʲôʸݣĪҪ˵Ҫۡģ֪
ҫ˫ǿв֮ɫ
ҫޡ
˫һУ̫ҫųĽɫӣҵһ޵ϣǲҪʧ
⻰֮󣬱ֱ뿪˿ûΧ˵Ŀ⡣
Ȼ̫ӣ
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Ȼȴû뵽ʼҫ̫ԼƵģֻˡ
ҫɫתȥ
ʶʢἴʼҵҪСƾʲôţֻׯ԰޸̭֮ۡˣ
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684 ǩ
Ȼ߿ˣҫĳͻǱ˿
벻Ȼôеѵڵׯ԰ʲôܹڻʶʢӱ
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˵ׯ԰񻹵ѩ壬嵽йׯ԰š
ٺ٣Ϣˣѵ֪峤֮Ůһ𣿻ĴʥǿǼļƷս
Ҳ˵ˣ峤֮Ůھׯ԰Ļλʶʢׯ԰ᱻܶ෽ԡ
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ֵŸˣܵڵׯ԰ж֪ī϶ûʲôøУлĻ϶ġ
ѩ˲δ˵ʲôΪУҲǸ֮ˡ
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ѩʳܹʮһãк֮ܶԭ͹ϵãԭջʳǱߵ޿аĳС
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֮ĳͻҪҵöˣ´ӻʶʢῪʼһֱҩζ
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ѩʳĽڳĿӵмΪֲһ֮һϣҪΪӵޡ
˵֮󣬱ѩʳͻΪĶΪѩ۹һѩʳڵλˮǴߡ
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ܸˣһǱѩʳʢἴλʲôϻڻʶʢĹ֮ǰҲѾв򷢷ŵλϣҲˡ
Ļܣ촽΢Ц˵ֱӽеһֵĳǩŸλѾ֪ʶʢһʮСӵĳսǸĶ֣͵ÿγǩˡ
˵仰㳯̨ȥһͬǻʾ̨
ʾÿֻʶʢıѩʳʦݵλ磬֮ǰѩʳȨƵ֮һ
ڣʦֻ֮ˣͬǻʾͷϹսԼĵĶ֡
ǲǩʮöмŴһʮĵ֡
߹ʦ˵鵽һǩģʮĺǩս鵽ǩľʮսԴơ
ǩǼˣûʲôö˵ģֻܹʮöΪһ֣ʮӵŵĴò롣
ֱɳһ̨ǩ濵ǲҪѡˣΪׯ԰޸ֻۡһˡ
˷ֱ̨ǩܿͳˡ
Ǽţ
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˺š
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ʮźš
һԼе
ô˵޸ۡԳ鵽ʮߺׯ԰Ҫһʮ
ڶ˭̨Ϻܿͻṫˡ
˶ǩ֮߹ʦվڳ˵ڴһſʼǼһǽҪսʮ
һֳʮ;˵ģ޸ۡŸովΪһŴ˸ոոϵġ
ڣҪ˿ԼһֵĶ˭ˡ
鵽һ̨Ǽǵʱ̨¾Ϳʼ̿ʼΪг鵽ʮĺѾ֪ԼĶ˭
һ̨ǼǳսѡҲ֪˸ҪԵĶ֡
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һҲȥ룬˭һͺܻ֪ˡ


685 
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ѩڣвȺޣ˵ϷѩͳιʵϰȴѩԵġ
֮ǰ޿ڣ¹ȹһֻΪǿһʧƣ̾վĶ档
ѩһʵǿһֲʮУҲߵͨţҲ֪᲻иࡣ
ѩһȫԷʮˡ
ţкâһ
ѩʵ𿤲࣬𿤣ȶѾ൱ɫˣҪǷŵѩȥҲһġ
ȶͲʮճͷڽӽʮһУ϶бǿģŲ࣬Ҳһ
ȥǼʮˣΪׯ԰սһֵѡ
һȻԼǻȶޣȻšˣʣ˷ܰҶּ˵֣ҲҪϳֻҸˡ
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һȥǼǣܹʮĸ໥Ķս˳ڳˡ
ׯ԰ȻǶսѩ
ʵׯ԰ۡ˵ѩȴ⣬ѩʳѩΪǿƵĿ֮һˡ
رѩ壬һ崫ʮ˵ãÿһֺüǿߣȺȥ
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Ȼû취ԶԸǣһׯ԰϶ᱻ̭ʱǽׯ԰֮һ򾡣°
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лׯ԰ô۸ģ뿤ġ
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š
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ЦЦ˵
ׯ԰ĶѩһѩʮˣѩһֲãҲѩ̭ʶʢУֻׯ԰͸ۡпܱ̭ģֻһһˡ
Ͳһˣóһֲã½걻̭ĸۡǳˡ
ֻǻʶʢĵһ֣ܾׯ԰ۡᱻ̭һַǳؼٶһЩȽƵ˵ǳؼ
ֻϧׯ԰Ķֲׯ԰ҲǳҪȻ볢һԼһԷʮˣöԷһֲá
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ׯ԰жԵѩɢ֮вܵׯȥѺעǧѩϣԼʤ
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ȴ֪һǮͶĳʼѾˣսʤѩʮ㣡
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ϣ֡
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ĻȻԷ峤Ҳ𿤵Ŀȶĸף껲ԣ


686 ׯ԰Ϯ
һ뿪㳡濾ֱ޸ۡȥȴûиȥĦիͽһǵͷڳѰ˸䣬ȻʩչֶΣȥΡ
Ȼ֪ո¶ǻѾв˶ˣҪСһЩĻӱѩʶصׯ԰·;У㹻üʮˡ
֮ŷĵķ𣬳űѩʶ֮ȥ
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ˡ
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µ˵ͷɨһܣȻ˵ҷֲׯ԰ģڲ̽ׯ԰׼򿪷󡣡
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ֻᣬϡ٣ҪרעѰҵĻҲǲ

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вֻһСΧڴΧͬôһ¶콨
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ЩһȻź棬ȴҲڸǲǾʵ
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ȶվԣ̧ͷЩѪޣȴĮ
һֱУӵмǿ츳ȴҲֻΪһߣһߣ
壬ŮһֱӣȻΪ峤֮ŮȴҲѲ˱ȥѩˡ
һֱڽŷȴû̫õĻ壬ֱ˳𣬲֪ԼӦƴһ
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վڻȶߣʱ׼Σյʱͳ֣ǧöҹӶȶȻ
ؾޣҪһֵĻȻܵסȴҲ޷ԷܣʱСġ
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˵ׯ԰Ľȫֶμӹ̹
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뵽ԴȪͥԺһλ˳ģɵǲΪʲôһ㡣
Щ޳һʱ֮ã޷ͻķϣڷ׷ɢȥǷ˹
ϾڱѩʳҹϮҪûע⵽ͺãһʲô˿ǿҪù顣
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ټׯ԰˾ۼУȻ˵죬һúһֱ˲
ׯ԰˶ƴӣΪӵеһжģûڱѩʶĵطûκĿܡ
ǺúôţǵȻߡ
Ϊ˷ֹ˻ͷãûκһ뿪˶һҹ
ڶһ磬ͨ¶ʱŴ׼뿪
ټ˵ʱѾʩչׯ԰Ѳһ飬ȷûκӰӵĴڣŻ׼ġ
½ֱӿֹ˹˽ҪμӵһֻʶʢľˣӭġɽСӵģһűѩʶȥ
巢ƣδȶߣǼΪŭġ
ô룬޹أ飬ڻʶʢһˣѩ
˶Ϊׯ԰ᱻѩǿɻܵʱȴҲԼѩʮľġ
;ׯ԰ˡ
ׯ԰ٺ٣˽ûв֮ǻʲôţ
ׯ԰һȺУɨһۡ
ţ
ܰҶ֡ŵԣһȻǾ벻ˣׯ԰Ĵ˶һֱׯ԰ˣ
ŵƵŶ԰ɣ
ׯ԰ᣬׯ԰ʵȲѩأûʲôֵעġ
˫໥һξǰţܿ챱ѩʶͳǰ
ѵҪ
˱ѩʶŲԶ˼ϷһȺ·峤껲ԣȫɫƵĶˡ
֣Ҫˡ
˵
пҪǿж֣һսһ
˲ҪˣֻҪסԷƬ̾ˣѩʶִſɲǳصģڻʶʢʱ


687 ϳ
Ԥϵһ㣬һȺϰǿǰѩʶ֮⣬Ϊ˳ûȶߡ
ȴ벻ׯ԰йĴڡ
δ˫͹ɾѾ׼˫ֻвɵʱ峤껲ڴһӣϰǿͬʱ֡
ǵĿֻһȶ
һ̣Ǿͷе̫ˡ
ԭׯ԰ʮ˵ȺеĻȶֱӾʧͬʱʧĻׯ԰ׯ
ȶʧһӶʧĿ꣬˳̬Ӳֹס
žȶʧҲˣ϶ׯ԰ȺУųҪɢׯ԰ʮ˵ĶΡ
ʱɳˡ
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һͨһâų޾貵Ĺԣֱӽޱˡ
ҪǶԷֳǱֻбâնƬһ̺֮ĿֲΪ֮
峤껲ԣһʱ֮Ҳֻͣ½ŲͬΪεߣ껲Զȥɵɽ

Żȶںͷ״̲ס̾һ
ֻ֮ǹͨҲ˵ӵߵֻͨһС
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ôһ˲ʱ䣬ԶѾбѩʶִԱߵȳ׷׸˹
ܹʮִԱȫߵͨӣڸϹ;Ѿ׷ʲô顣
껲ǰأǱѩʶ𿤣
һִСӳ˵Ϲׯ԰ǰ
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껲һͣ˰УʼִӶƺġ
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ȥһҪȵĴԹʣſϰֲɣ
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ǻ껲Դ򲻹ִСӳҪǶԱѩʶִӵ˶֣ɾ鷳ˣпܱĵ͸ɱӺ
껲ԵȻô޴
ۿƲΪ껲ԽͻȶԼ֮ɫһǴ󵨣ҵҪڻʶʢϣܸɳЩʲôߣ
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ûйɺĻǿ֣߳ɱܴ߻ȶ
뿪ʮִֻǿһˣת뿪ˣǲǿæģֻάѩʶΰˡ
ʵϣׯ԰ЩִСӵһЩģʵΪׯ԰δֳʲôӲʵ
ɵı֣ЩִһӣҲׯ԰ˣֻʱĽްˡ

ѩʶľ䳡ڣŶʮ̨ʮͬʱۿзս
䳡ƽﲢῪţרžΪÿһȵĻʶʢ׼
ׯ԰ʮΪμӻʶʢĳԱ䳡רŰŵλĽҪսĽǣֻͨϯλϾˡ
ȽϿ̨λãʮ¡
ѾˣܿҪʼˡ
УһĨٻӰǱѩʳòһǿߣġ
֪ǲǴܾ֮˺üۡ
˳ǰճǩһŵʮŵһϳ
۾˵ǳ鵽ǾʮźţҲ˵ҪȵܿսˣǿǱߣ鵽˰˺ţܿҪϳˡ
޸ۡԳкϷˣٺ١
źٺһЦڽ콫Ҫ൱ڴ
ׯ԰Ҳ֪޸ۡЩ˲ͬһµĿ濣ߵͨĽһǣ޸ۡʵǱׯ԰Ҫǿϲ٣
ټ̤ĦիҲڹ޸ۡ˿ڱѩʶˣ֮⣬޸ۡǿѾȫ
޸ۡˣڸۡûкһ
ûã䳡ѾʮˣͷܶӸòĸѾˡ
ѩǱߡ
СɳŲԶĹսϯָһָ漴ֹȻѩϰǱ߷вҲׯ԰߹۲ţ͸ﲻмЦ
ѩһߵͨĺޣһߵͨޣҪԵĶ֡
㳯Ǳ߿һۣҪֻ֣ϧ̫ԶЩ̫С
ѩߵͨĺޣԭȶδī
˳֮ȻܸīһģҪѸײڶ֮ƽܡ

ʶʢһֿʼ֮󣬳鵽һڶʮţԼٶʮ嵽ʮĺŵʮȫĦȭ
ǵһϳģžԲܶˣ
ˡ
ܰңңһָ濺޸ۡҪˣڳŵڰ˺̨ȥ
䳡Уܹʮ̨ÿ̨϶˺üѩʶʿΪʶʢĲС
ɨһۣ濣պü濳߻˻֡
΢΢һЦҲ̧˻ӣʾڸǼ͡
濣һǣԵǿߣ϶һⱻȴվû뿪޸ۡţڳѾǵĶ֣ذˡ
ţ˺̨ʮϳǿһˣȻҲߵͨţֻϧֻһ
ߵ֮ͨ⣬ͨǿߣʣҲͨţʵС
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˶עǰһϳʮĳսʼ
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ڣӲıƵѩȫԱ䣬һ̣˶֪ׯ԰ˡ
жĳԱԼڶĳעˣϱ鶼ǼΪʡ
ׯ԰Ӯˣ
Ӯˣʤʮ֣
ׯ԰ڵһֱ̭ˣׯ԰̭ʮ˻ңһʲƲ
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ֻϧĳڻʶʢῪʼʱѾȷˣκθı䡣
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˿ʼûڣԼûڵѺעׯ԰ʤȻĽ֣˭ܹ뵽
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ڸߵΣݸ룬ǵһ֣Ѿ֣ѵܿǰʮɣ
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죬ĸõֵׯ԰ھ䳡н̭֮ս
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ׯ԰ûôע̭֮սֻǵ˰ׯ԰ƣԴһȺ£ׯ԰ݷá
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ƴȥıӰɱһ漴ʩչֶΣĸȥ

ׯ԰˵ɢȥׯ԰˽Ǯ˵Щƽׯ԰õׯ԰һЩǮׯ԰ò״ʮöҡ
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ҫųݻ֪ͨؾؾ֮ľ޴࣬Գ֣˱ս̨
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ѩĸ֮һڱѩʶҲ͵˲ƨɺ棬ֺ
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ׯ԰µĻӳʵΪֲּ̨ܽΪ硣
иǿ߾УŴ˽Ŷʮ꣬ǰͲμۻӻڣǿԣӲǰһ
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Ҫ֪жؾǿߣ
Ǳѩʳнһǧؾǿߣ˵Щǿĵ۹һؾǿߵԳһˣ
ǿǰһ٣ѩʳЩؾϼһһܹõȴиţУõˡ
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˵ĵŶʮֻ꣬ؾʱ򣬾ͲμǿԣȡǿԵǰʮֳɼ֮һϣҪΪӡ
ڣѾ̤ʾ
У̫ҫԼˣҪǿöࡣ
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699 ɨϰ
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ҪǴǰһʵ൱ĶʩչĳЩֶΣֱܽɢ
ڣҪɢľ⣬ٵӵгһʵ
ʣߵͨǲһġ
ոձԵͨһȱڵľ⣬һ̾ͳ׷ȫһһƬڰ
䣡䣡
һνҫʣµĹȫɳȥȻЩһûôˣȴں޷±̨ҲǱ̭ˡ
ԸЩСඣ濶ûжʲôǿֶΣΪǱ㹻Ըҫ
ΪҫǿϷ𣿡
ʱ̫ҫŭ𣬽һսĵϢȻϯǿϱֱӽɢ
ߵͨĶ֣޷ɢ⣬Ҳԡ
ҫˣһ־ͽǿ似⳹ɢ
ҫΪɢ⣬һͨһֵĽ棬ȴҫʧӡ
ԭҫµڰ˳սǰ뵽ֻǼʱ䣬Ӿͱ濶³ȥˣ
ϣ
ոɢûκԥͳ̨ҫˡ
ҫɢȫھ⣬˵䳡滰һ¹ӱ˵ӣȴû뵽˾Ȼƣ
֮ۡѹƣ
ֱʩչǿѹֶΣ߽ۣ֮ͨ
һ۶ɵľҫ˹ȥͬʱֶҲ̽١
нֺ֮ͨͻӡ
׹ֱ۴иֳҫһץȥʺĹҫȫҫΧ
óģǹֶΣѹƺֶΣΪ֪֣Ҳǿ̫Զ
ҪܶԷ뽫ԷУ
ǿЦ
ҫЦһȫսţȫ۳һսףгһѿս֮
ͨսװ
һͨҫõ࣬ҲΨһһ˸ֶ߽ͨΣսװܹԿսĵװȫԼΪһսʿ
ɱ
ҫпս֮趯һ»ӳһսâľ飬Żӡ;֮ȴ䵽ϡ
飡
ҫһȫսײȻֱӽľֺ֮ͻӡâ飡
ǿ
۾⻹ͨ״ûЧͱƵ
һӰεľȴȻӾ֮ӿսװҵ˿϶ͻҫڡ
н֣ܹ֮ͨڼΪص½һƾԷڣȻԷսװȻǿȴûзֵ֮ĺУ
ҫ濵ͨ·սһվԶЦˣǵͷҵģˣߣ
׳ա
ĳһֵȴûɣһ̱һγ֡
һδϸֳ


700 ս֮
ҫǾ仰ΪвҪֽ濵ͷնԻڳϵȫֹͣж׼ȹһ¡
ҫˣһ־濺˵Ǽ£Ͼ˽ȱ̭֡
ȻʵĻ
ȫһθֳҫȫȴû˿⡣
֮£Ϊϡ
ҫ˸ŨŨĳζǵĹ˵ûκв֪ͨؾ𣿲ֶͨΣǡĽ֮
̤ؾԿʼ硣
磬ؾǿͨؾ޵ֻ࣬һ磬Ҳǿؾǿ
Ҳ˵ȥ˫Ļ죬Ľ˫һҲͨؾ޼սʤؾǿߵԭ
Ҫ˵ڵΪˣЩߵͨţ֮Ҳʮ
򵥵˵ڶĽ֮ǿ߶Ըߵͨȫѹģȫȫѹ
ڴʱҫȻ濶ֱӾͷĽ֮
ȻʱҫȴͻȻһиֳһĨ˼ɫôܣʲôʱ򡪡
һƾ˵ԴȪȴҲΪĵط
ؾǿȣΪ£һܹȵϡ
ҪҫĻͨؾεܳɹΨдӶԷ֣
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ˡ
ҫȻˣ
û֪ոշʲôֻ׼֣ҫ˵һ䳡滰ҫˡ
Ѫˣ
ⳡսʼ֮ǰûκ˿濣Ͼҫǿߣǿڣ
ڣĶҡˡ
濣Ȼҫܹˣʵֱ˾壡
رҫԼиǸֳŵɫһʲôʱǱڵģ
ʱͻȻʤǼʱĽ֮סˣȴҲܵˡ
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ͨؾޣ֮
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ڣ̨ϣʮ˵Ļսϡ
ճֻҪǿڵ̨˶ǲ˿ģһǿߵ֮
Ϊһ˵ʮˣǿҲ˿塣
ڣҫˡ
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ҫأԲš
ʱץᣬֱ۳ĸĹŲӰ
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һĸĹŲӰڵһʱ䳯ҫɱȥ֮䳡𣬽һҫը졣
űǻĹӰɱֶΣѪӰɱ
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һ˲䣬ȫҫ˼׷׳Զȥ
ȻҫĹȫֻҪԽԶԽСǿ϶ģֻҪܹסʱ䣬һлø֡
ڻҫ֮⣬˭еȥ飿
֮ϣ
ҫϮȫ޲𹥻һʱʩչֶΣѸۣ˲佫˰Χ
սɢֲ˻õ
һ޲ĿսĹƣߵͨǿ߹
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սĲɢȥϮȫ˵ӵ䳡Ե̨һǾͻܵǵı
̨ڵĿ޷˺̨ѡκˡ
Ȼѡ뿪໥ȴţĸλ̨ܲϴʱ䣬Ϊõ֡
ҫһȫضһ˶ûУڳվԽãԽߣ
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ͥŲһ㣬·ûҫĹһǳƯ˫͸һԵջ
û֪εֵһеģҲ֪һ룬Ͳµµͨˡ
濵̤뵽ܹͨͨȻûǰʩչġ
ţ濿ܾʩչһзͨ
µĴŲ廹Ǵˣ濷ʩչĵȷͨȴûģǰģӰ
һͨѾн֮ͨ󣬲ܹԼٶȱܿܶĹܹ黯һĹ
һеЧȸȴȸǿ
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Ҳ˵ׯ԰޸Ҳܸõʮֺʮķ֣һУĲҫĶ֣ҲӮ֮һ
˭뵽˾Ȼҫĺ䱬Ҵ
Сˣߵͨǿ屶ȻɱǣȻ˵Ļ
ҫųеˣɫԽԽ䣬սһһΣÿ۶һֵĿսģ̨ϵ濳ܵѹԽ
ս֮ƣ
սĵƣ
ҫһнֱͨʩչ䳡Լѹ£Ϊнͨڿս֮£˵սⶼᱻֱս⡣
ִϵĴҲǾϵĴ
ȻвٷֶΣҫ׼ʩչս֮ƺֶɱһˣʣһͺöԸˡ
֪䣬ҫˣȻһ˿˿ļɵһ˿˿ļɵԼûзȷȷʵʵзѿ


701 ׷
ҫʩչĿս֮ƣ濶Щ⣬⾹Ȼһдƺ;״̬ͨǰûƵֶΡ
Ⲣ˾ûа취Ӧˡ
ͨ޻
ֳһŨģһһģһĻ
һģһ޻Ȼ濱ҪǿһЩ
ƣ
޻һ£Ķʱ籡濵Ŀսֱ֮ɢ޻ҫֱɱȥ

һȻս֮Ӱ죬ƱѹƵ˼㡣
Ȼս֮ҪӰ쵽ľ״̬ȴǸܣʮĴֻص񵽵жǿ
ʹļޣ
޷Ӱľ״̬Ҫ˵һ޵ͨˡ
˵ȻƱȫѹƣΣ
ǿֶΣͻİɱ
ȻǰɱҪʲôƣ

ԷĿս֮ƣȻõڻʩչһϢû¶ˡ
Ҫԭҫпͨȵȸܵڣڣʧˣǰȫʧˣ
Կս֮ƣòֶͬӦԣȻȴһ
ս֮ƣûжκӰ죡
޻ѸϮɱȥܿҫսĲϱսҲȻϮȫ޻ȫѹơ
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ˡ
һƬʣʮӦȥʱ̧ҫָһָ֮ͨգ
޻޻׻ҫһʱ֮ûзӦһֻɵϸֱס
һп֮ͨգԶԶģֽڵ
֮պ޻֮ͨҲѾнͨ
濳ֵһɲǣڰеҲˡ

ӡ
ƷнֶͨνһֲܹЧ֮ǰнãߵͨīϵˡ
ڣͬһĻ̫ҫϣҴʱ˿̵ҫǱ֮սסԻвдһ޻ɧţ
ս֮ȭ
ƷտʼҫԳۣҫ̾ͷӦ˹
ֻһ̧֣սһս֮ȭһͨȻǸ߽ͨ
սĵȻҫӳɣһеƻޱȿֲ
㱻֮սҲܹʩչһһг֣˲ȫΧ
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ʺĴ͸ս֮ȭķ϶ҫڰзһ֮磬ƿռ䡣
ս֮ȭֻһȭ֮ǿս֮ȭڿɢʺ˲佫ҫ˸ǡ
ϧǣҫȫȻſսװֱӽĵֵ

ڰ״һȴʺĲδԴ͸ǿսװֱҫȫսװ
ʺĹʱҫȫսװҲǧٿף
ߣ
ҫȫû뵽ܹսزȻƶų٣ЩԭԸֵģȴڴʱֱӱ¶˳
¶һĨȻˣҪǰ˲ú
ΪֻؾҿǿߣֶΣ
ҫ̧ͷһܣȴûӰûϵսӰȫȫ
ȻΣ
ֱӽ̨ǣɱˣ
սӰ
ǿ֣߳˲սϮȫһϽṹɢ̨ÿһſսϢ
һӰȻϡ̨ϣЩɿսսӰ
ÿսӰӵһǿߵľʮսӰһ𣬿ʼɨȫȻҫǿ󣬵Ըͨؾޣ²
ʮսӰͬʱΧһǿߣԷԼֲס
Ȼҫһ㡣
ôΪߵ濣ѵ
޷籩
ǰһ͵ŶԷأ޷籩ʱһöУԼġ
ƷҫսӰͬһƷף
˲۳Ϊ籩ΧɢȥϮȫױȵƻȻЩսӰһ˺ѿ
ҫǿûѾ磬ӵӳɣսӰƻǿ
Ȼͬƻǿ޷籩ʱЩսӰȴǳܲסˡ
սӰֵܹ޷籩һ޷籩Ȼ޷籩ȴԴԴϮʵĲͬ濵޷籩ȫסҫսӰ

ΣڴʱȻҫֳУֱӳ䱳ȥ
ϹżƷսҫһӸܵΣս١
ȥ
ҫһȭغսֱӱϣ
䣡
Ϊ֮һҲ޷ҫһȭֻѰһȭδʩչʲôֶͨΣԸû˺

УٴǰͬʱϢļȡҫһ˿ӡеڲǶС
걬
˸ӡǶ֮еĻӡȻǰֱ̣ҫԱ
ҫû뵽ȻЩ죬ûӦȻ˿񱩵Ĺʱɫһ䡣
ɱҫô򵥣ƾһͨСӡ
ҫŭһսӲȫǣŻ걬Ȼһսĳ׷飬漴˺˳ȥ
ֶΣõòˣսװѾĻӡմҪס걬ô׵飿
ֻһˣ϶ҫĶ֡
֣ҫвʹǿ
һ˵ǿߵֶκܶ࣬ͨȵȣ濶˵ͨҫǿöࡣ
һһҲҫ䣡
Ҫ֪ͨ似ʱڶʩչڶǷôļЧҩ
ĵҩʮöӦȻ̨ϷãǴƶ˵ϵģܱ¶쳣Ķ
һнҫɣ
涯ģֳгҫ׷ȥҫĿѣһͨСӣȻսֱ
սҾû𣿡
ҫһ̧֣һѿս֮УӣŴɱһ»ӳ
ļƷսҫսǳ˵Ѱܵõǿսˡ
ֻϧǰ㲻ʲô
ƣ
һ걬δҫ֪ҫ֮Ϊ̫ˡ
ⲢҫӲҫֻоеѾͻƵıԵ
ͻƣ
۾УҫֱӴǿս֮ϣıս֮Ӳˣ


702 ռ䴩͸
ͻȻǿҫһ
벻Ȼô
ս֮ƣ
ҫɱ֣ȻԶԶֹڱֳЩֶΣǣҪǶԸͨؾСӣֶþĻδ棿
ԣ׼ֶˣֵġĴ
ϾǿߣΪӯͨؾҪ
Զأ
οͨ
ҫһȣս֮ҫſ»ҫȻϮ
Ȼ塣

бУֱӵֵס˿ս֮ǿһââ׵׺ϡ
ۣ
һѪؾǿߵƣԶԶǿö࣬ҫ̫ӣ츳̤ؾô׾ͱܵģ
ͨؾޣҪԿǿߣô׵飡
̫ż似壬Ӳĳס˿ս֮
Ҳʱ濵Ĺһν٣ͨ޺䱬ŴļƷսĹ̵ļӳɣһĵĺ䱬Ϊֲ
ҫҲ̲סΪ֮ݣɫ΢΢һ䣬пս֮һ趯սķ𵴣γһƳΧϮȥ
սģΪսߣ
ǴϿսǰе֮ĹھƣںܶʱǿԼʵս
ҫһͷֱӽ޺䱬룬ȻǶĽҲ𾪡
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ͷһʩչЩֶΣͨڶ޷ʹãΪЩֶεľȻƣ״̬
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սϯϣҫ֮֮ΪϲĿųУҲû뵽ҫγսȻͻˡ
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һ̣漣ĳҫǰҫٶȾ˿ս֮ҲûܹסС
ۣ
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гֵ˲䣬֪һе֣ռ䴩͸ܹд͸ռ䣬˲ڶԷǰնɱ
һϲֶΣֱǰɱһ
ҪԸѰޣԷܿս״̬ûн룬ѾնɱҪ˵ԼôĶ֪
ϧֱӴ͸ԷڣҪȻĻʲôǿߴ򲻹
΢ЩźֻϧеĿռ䴩͸޷κڣҪĻ̫ǿˣЩռĵƿ޵ˣ
ˢ
У̨ϣ̧ͷҫ
ҫһŵԼֱۣ벻ȻֱˣһУҪӦÿ죬Ѿˣ
ÿռ䴩͸һֻ䱾ķ̺һִ͸Чǿսװû취赲
Ҫǣһȫκ
У̺żΪŨĿռһֻҪ͹ˡ
һռԵڲҫռԵսӵ˿ռڷ£ſĿռָٶȺܿ졣
żһ£һܹʩչʮοռ䴩͸ȻпռеĹ⣬ֻҪһʱпռͻٴα
һֶΣ֪ԼԿҫϣˡ
ǿߣΣ
ǿˣ
һԿһУЩȣ벻սͻƣδ룬ؼҪҫǿǿߣ
޸ҫ˺ݺ裬죬濾Ҫϴˢ裡


703 ҫ
ҫٴˣ䳡ȫˡ
ҫʲôˣ
̫ӣһţǰ̤ؾ
ڣȻһͨŴ˵ʵ̫˼ˣս֮ǰ˵ĽԻᱻЦ
ǣʵȴǰ
֣޷ҫܣزҲѾ㹻ԺˣҪ֪ǵĶ֣ǿߣ
һսݱҫĴս
˭벻ⳡս˾ȻֻģǱɨȥˣǱҫһбƳ䳡
˶ⳡսעĲˣ濺߶Զ
ܻҫ
Ḷ́
濳ûһ֣ļƷսȥ۳Ĺҫȥ
սĺȻս֮ٴλӶֻһͷ㽫Ĺ̵Ĺƾ¡
ڣýˡ
ҫ˫иֳԵ侲һǿƴɢ
ȻսװܹʩչˣôֶΣһܹٴʩչˣ磬ս֮ȭս֮ƣ
ǿߣ˵
ս֮ȭ
߽ͨ
һս۵ȭâȻϮӿٶȿ쵽˼飬һʱ㵽濸ǰ
ս֮ƣ
һΣҫս֮һԼΪֲٶϣжһ͡
ս֮ҫѾʩչˣһս֮ȫֻϧ濺ûʲôá
ɵһս֮ƣƣ
нͨս֮ƣʱĲͬѾӵʵԵƻ
һΣҫδʩչн׳̶ȵĿս֮ƣڣȴһͷųˣֻ˲䣬˱һսĺ˿ȥȫã
һߣս֮ȭΪĿ濣ֻüʩչһдļ似һ˿ȥһһ·Ѫ
ֻһУû˷ֶε濣Ȼͬʱˣ
ȷýˡ
սϯ˿һĻоЩϧҪٸʱ䣬ضὫҫԽֻڣѾû˻ᡣ
ǣ
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δԷһۣһ˲ͷųɱС
ξ֮ʯ
һǧöʯڷ˳ҫüͷ΢壬Щʯʲô
ûӦξ֮ʯвдȻؾǿߣɵξ֮
һ˲䣬ҫ˵ʶξռ֮У޷԰Ρ
һʱ䣡
ֻ֪һʱ䣬ξ֮ʯеĲдܹҫסһʱѡ
ռ䴩͸
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ۣ
˸ҫ쭳һѪսװһαȻϧǣһȴδҫնɱ
ǿߣǿȼΪֲҲضã
ϿսװһûܽҫɱȻһнȥ˰ʱ䣡
һΡռ䴩͸
ɱһһλ⣬ͬϢϮ
εĿ꣬ҫĲӣ
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ĴļƷս
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ҫȻֹӵһս
ļƷսս֮Ǵ˸ոյõõģûٳ̶ȣδʶԵҫξ͵һ
ڳֵö岻ͬ

ҫΣʱöˣһ֣͵סıɱһҲˣöϾȻһ˿ơ
ƻˣ
һȻļƷսƻҲ˵һѾؾΣ
á
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ʧȥʶʱ޷ɵôҫѹأ
Σˣ
ʼռǵãҫǿߣߵͨΪֹֻʩչС
ս壬ս֮ƣսװս֮ȭ
иͨǱ˵ɱﵵģԸͨļһ
ڣٴ˵ҫĴļƷս顣
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ôʱȥľҲָˣܹʩչ֮ǰֶͬΣ޻ķֶΡ

ȸ
Ѿεʽٴγ֣˽ҫĸֶΣȻ֪ӵл츳
ȸӰ޷ʩչʱʩչķֶΣ
緢ȻڻӰм䣬ȴһռϲ㣬ûܵκ˺
ҫվûռģһл汬ͨûܹ˺ֺ
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ֻһ̣ҫֳֿս֮һͷſսģǸһġ
һͷ̨Ϊ֮£
ռ䴩͸
һ֣μˣͬʱٴλ
飡
ҫĴļƷս壬һεǰֹ˺ҫǻϵ鷶Χø㡣
εĻ¾ƻˣ

һٴδӳʧȴղʶ£ϵԿռ䴩͸ҫ
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ҫŭһͷֶȻһ⣬ֱӷ˲Զ濡
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һУ֮ǰ濺֮Ĳ߶Ƴ̨ΧӶ̭ڣһٴγ֡
ҫУһսɵĹ֣ű顣
һϮȫĿֲٴγ֣
׵濣޲𹥻Ǳս֮ΪĿ꣬ô
סˣ

תǫ̂ǲҪģһʱѡˣ
ԭ̨߽ûԶʱһ㵽䳡⡣
䳡ķΧͷһϣǻʾǿ۳ģܹһĹ
̨⣬ȨͬʱҫЩҲ̨߽ķϵֵ


704 ʥ
̨֮󣬳кֻʣҫˡ
濣޸Եõʮ֡
ڣ˹עĲ޸ˣǳҫս
ս屬ǿֱӽغɣˤڵϣʵ̨϶ҳһӶ
û
˶ȻվʱҫĿսѾɢȥȻһû̫ܶ˺
壬̫ż似ֻСɣڵǿ൱ǿߣҪһЩ
ҫս壬ĴΧʽȻȲЩһĿֶΡ
㻹û˾ȣҲΪֹˡ
ҫ֪ǿδվֻпս֮գһԼٶȳ˵
ֻʣһˣҫ˵ʤѶ
οվ϶ҲѾܵһЩ˺أվһЩս
񸫣
һͷϻȼգ̨¶Ȼһ渫âͷϣ
ֵܵס
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ǿߵĹֲ̫ƾڵ壬޷ܵס
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оһһ̧֣ʱųһ
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ʥ֣սǿҫΨһֶλܹʩչˣȻʥԶԶûȫָʱ䣬Ҳָ֮һ
ԭ׼¶еƣתһ룬ĶԸĻһ¾֪ӵʥˣԱ¶ʲôҲνˡ
ʥ֮һ
ʥȫʢ״̬ºɱ˶ǿߣֻһҫǴ´࣡
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סˣ
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ҫܵЩʥɭЩЩϣûʲôڣϾǸոģδ˵
ֻɢɭϢ㹻ҫľսˡ
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ս֮ϣһƬ棬ΧϮȥ˲ӵ֦ϣֲ£Щ֦׷ױմ
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ĸ׵
һֱ䵱Լ䱦ȻȴһͨؾСӸˣ⡭ˡ
𣡡
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ֳֿս֮ȼգֻһӣ㽫Χסʥ֦׷մʮ֦ڰоͻΪҽ
ҫٴĿԣ̨ϳŻͿսĵоġĴƮɢ

ԥ֡
һΣٸ֦ȫӳҫֱȥͬʱһж
ռ䴩͸
ۣ
ҫſս֮ƣлɵֱӴ͸ҫĿѣ
û˴ļƷսöıҫһûκεֻֿڹؼʱ̱ܿҪ
ʣΣ
еĿռ䷨ʹ仹ʩչοռ䴩͸
ΣᣬҪǻ޷ҫǾֻܽʥĴˡ
ռ䴩͸
ûκͣЪٴγ

սϯϣ
˵Ķᵽɤۣҫ֮һʾĳǿߡ
ȺУԭ޸гģͬΪ׵һȺޣųսþò
뿪޸ΪľܹԼṩԴ
Ͼ޸ׯ԰ûʲôǿߣؾûУڱѩʳĵطõ㹻Դ
ΪһΪȷѡ
ڣڳУ̫ҫսԽԽ
濺һﾹȻӵǿʵҫս˸ѽѷ֣Ȼҫ뱩¶ƳҲ㹻ˡ
ѵǵѡˣ
ͬ󣬲޸ţܿ죬ǵ־üᶨ
ѡѾӦȥģṩԴǿԼʵǺѡ
οսǿΣ
ˣǶţܹҫ
Уʥٸ֦ٴҫĿֲսѹƵ쾡£ȻɱУеĿռ䴩͸
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ֳУվҫԶĵطϸ˼ŽȥҪдɱ
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Щʲôѵսɣ
ҫ̫ţûϸϣ̲סЩڣ֪СеŵӦȵŶԡ
ЩʲôֻҪͣĽƻˣ
ҫпʼţ֪ȥΨһʤ㣬ɱ֮ǰЩɱĻһһεĴɱ֮£˵һξˡ
˵ʥֻǷֶΣδʩչʥĹֶΣΪ̫ˣҪʥɱҫٵýʥȫĵ
ֻǷĻֻҪõ֮һˣʱͲˡ
ɱﵣڿռ䴩͸
ɱ
ڶĿѡҫš
УϹżƷսʱһ⣬˲ƿռ䣬ҫؿڴǿĿռ䴩͸ҫûüӦ
ֻʱ̣ڸܵ͵Ϯɱ˲䣬ʶƫһ㡣
ۣ
ֱӴ͸˿սװͻװ̽ţȴûܻࡣ
桭
ҫֶ룬һ㱬ģһνȫմ
ˣ
ҫпս֮һ̾Ҫ¡
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Ȼ壬ٸʥ֦Ȼٴγ֡
ˢ
ҫһαסУҲʣһοռ䴩͸Ļᡣ
һΣҪһɱ


705 ҫ
ҫˡ
ƾܹɻٸ֦Ȼð൲ǰ档
ĴɱȴһδγǰҵֵһαһѣҫĿʼ
һ
âôοռ䴩͸ѾҫĶϰߡ
Ȼҫܹڴɱٵһ˲䷴ӦӲܿҪÿһαܿҪĶ
һϰߣΪһ˵ϰߣû´Ļ´ҫȻܡ
Ȼˣһοռ䴩͸ʾͻἫߣпһҫɱ
ռ䴩͸ɱ
һ˲仯һ⣬ƿճҫǰ
ҫʶҪܣȻ֮ܶ󣬲ŷһܣԼ౩¶Ĵɱ֮£
ҫʱͱŵûɢȻȴӦˣֻĿгŴ̽ȥ
꣡
һöʯѵٴαһ֪ʲôסˣ
ǻ
䳡ڣһȫĴ죬̲סɫһ䣬벻ʵ˿ֲȻҫĻˡ
ǼΪݳ޵Ʒÿһöֵöңһս
һսƽ޵࣬ؼʱ̱֣޵һ
ĻҫڲһöλҲС
һ֮ͻΪɢ
ڵҫûκη
ҫɫ䣬͸޾пս֮裬ĺͿսٴκХǰٸ֦ٴƻ
һʧˣɫȴȫûб仯¶һĨϷʡ
ҫǿߣҲ˶ѡ
˵⻰Ŀҫһۣһӣٴγٸ֦ǰ
ЩɭȻʥ·޾һ㣬ҫٶ٣ֵָĹơ
еϷʺҫͷ
֦ڵڲ֮أ
ս
ҫֶΣѾʩչˣǿᱻЩס£ʲôȥ
οʱ䣬ӿʼսڣͨʲôҲٴͷˣһЩֶûĴɱҫʲôֵ
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䡣
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֣Ҳ˿
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ҪǱĴɱֶδ࣬ҫؽκ⣬֮ǰû䣬ΪлĴڡ
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ϣҫˣó׵ף˶ܱȶҪãȴ֪ͨΪҫӰһӶӰ֮¡
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𾪵ͿʼҵðЩ֦ʲô
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ȫ̬ʥֱܹɱǿߣֻзɼʥ״̬Ǻܺá
ׯ԰ڣڽԻ˶û뵽ܸɵǿҫ
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ǺֲȡõĳɾͣҶһ˵ĻǲС
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˵ʵΪһٿʥɱǿߵˣԼڵʵȻܲ⡣
һͨܵԸҪߵ·кܳأ
޸ˣǰ볡ЩϧȴҲ֪£ֻһ볡ͱҫնɱˡ
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ͬһȺͽͶҪ㹻ԴǿڣΪŵҫȻǰ䣬Ƕôĵ飿
ͬǻζ벻нɣ
ǱߣڽȻȷ˭Ҳû뵽ҫȻ䣬һ죬ٲȻЦ
֮ȴδҫΪҫΪԸҫ䣬ҲԸҫ̨ϡ
ˣԶ
ļʱסһ
ͬǻˣһңۿҫͷɥ뿪һһ仰Ҷ˵ˣº
ҫûȥѡ뿪
֮ǰ֮һȴһʱʧܲ£µʧȥǰҫ˭ͱ뽫˭ڽ£ǿߵ֮·
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磬츳Զ֮ϣһ仰
ǰһʱʧʲô
˭֮·ǳ˿ͼ
лø硣
ҫ˵ͷͷҲص뿪ˡ
˵ʱҫ˶ûججĻôڵҫΪøһ仰
ø磬Ȼ֮·Ųļ⣡
ͦ˼
ңңׯ԰ڴʱҲպһ
ĿԣԴӶԷп˲ٶ

ˣ򵥣
˳֮ҫľһüͷ΢塣
Ϊѩĸ֮һڱѩʳеĶʵȻͬ죬ҫø磬ڵΪ
ͻƵʾҲֻһ֮ң
ӵԺ·¸ߣԭûʲôøУ˫Ѿй˳ͻ̨Ƿҫһ


706 
սʤҫ֮ׯ԰ӵеĻ־ʹﵽ˶ʮ㣬ʮǿеһ
ֹȥˣׯ԰Ȼڵһ
Ѻעׯ԰ᱻ̭ļһڿǺڲѣ˭Ҳû뵽ȻܹѹҫΪλʶʢῪʼ㡣
ͨؾȻ濵ϣҲ㹻Ժˡ
Լʲô⡣
Ըؾȱܹ٣ȻƾԼǿߵʵͺϤˡ
֪֪ˣսȻ֪ҫĴȻܻ䡪ʥΪɱﵡ
ֻڶöʥˡ
һսȫĿͶϣѩĸۡԼѩׯİ˸ׯ԰֮ˣȫЩע⡣
Ȥ
ׯ԰УңңиֳһĨȤɫ
ΪĵĻӳȻʶǿߺţͨͻǿߵģ޽С
Ȼѹҫ˵Ҳһѹס㣬ӡ
ϵһƻʾǿߣЦǺǵĶ˵
ƾ
ϰ֣ҫֻףû٣ᲢۣҪҶһᶼС
ǿɲһ
ĸΪʾǿߣ۾ȻҪöࡣ
˵ҫҪǿȴһṳ̂н׵ĳ̶ȣ̤һҪʱ䡣
£ֻҲһġ
һߣѩׯ֮һѩׯ԰
ѩǸ˧
һѩŮڷ̲ס̾ձ顣
ԵһŮһͷ˫磬Ȼ͸һĨ˿͸顣
𡭡츳ǲҵǿˣô˵ҲֻͨҪңҾҫǰκλᡣ
Ůаѩѩׯ԰һǿߣҫһǿߣ
ܾͬȣȻܹѹסҫҫ䣬ֶΣȫһͨ޵
ˣȻ䲻һˡ
ѩҫսĻҫ֣ԣԹ壬ѩҪԼϳԲҫôҡ
ΪҫͬеֶΣμΪ飬ٶȼ죬ҫô׾
Ҫͬİ취Ըǳѣ
ȥСսϣСӡ
ѩһЦʢһʱ侪޵˸ˡ
и
ѩĸ֮һ֮ıѩʳڵһȻǳڵıѩ֮ĵһ
Уţμӹǰۻӻڣǿԣǿƴǰһ
ľУѾڵĴڣֻһ̤ʾ
˼츳ƺȫҡ
һȻվиȺǰ棬˲Զһۣ˵
ٺ٣ôܣǴǿǰһţһ뾣Ტۣ
ǣͨΪֻҪһ־ܽɱҲҫǸŻᱻѹƣǶ棡
һи̿ʼά
˵ΪϣȻھУʵϾһǿǰһǿ󱲣
ǿԣÿٰһΣۻһ졣
ۻᣬǿߵʢᣬÿۻ綼ᷢ츲صı仯
ǿ˾ٰıԣۻӻڣ˵ֻҪǿıеõΣۻӵи໰ȨҵõܶԴ
ɺϵǣֻҪٹ꣬ǿԺۻᣬպûУպͬһ꣡
ǿԣۻᣬ߶緶Χ̨ܹ֣Īҫ
粢ͨߵͨһὫȻڣΪ̫ˡ
пһۣջĿ⣬ҡҡͷٹע
˵ֻһСۻǿԣվֲСμӡ
ͨô׾ʹɵģ
ʱ䣬Բ
뵱дͨؾʱ䣬ѾǷǳ˲ĳɾˡ


ׯ԰ߣһˣȻǺþòĦի죡
ۣƺһ㣬˵Ļ˶鲻ԽĽԡ
Ħի죬ϢΪֲǶ
Ħի죬ϲ̤ؾ
Ħի죬һЦ˵
Ħի̤ؾŻص޸Ϊ޸ǿߣԱ޸ˡ
ʲôϲģ˵һ¡
ĦիЩ˷ܵ˵ֲȻҫˣɵüˣۻỹ꣬ҿǵһȥء
μۻᣬμӣһҪ
Ħիܾǰڴˡ
Щƣںؾ಻һ㣬˵սʤҫѾֶˣ㲻ʲô
ĦիʼյźһμۻᣬƵĵطһαأ
ֲ޿ĵطˣڱѩʳ
ڱѩʳؾǿһץһѣûһǧҲм٣αؾһأ
ѵ˵ۻһμӣлʲôزɣ
ʱɵúúˡ
ڣȻȥⷽ飬ΪؾкԶһξ룬ûô̤֮롣
޷̤ؾĻôεۻ͸޹ϵˡ
ȻĻᣬԲ״ֻҪпܣҪڳ̣
ʶʢᣬֻһ壬Ҫƾ˼ʶ㹻ؾǿߣӶϤͨؾĵ·
ȥͰɣʶʢһȡ̤ڡ
Ħի򣬹ȡһǿ
š
ͷ
ûҰĵţûʸ񱻳ΪǿߣĦի츳Ȼμǿģؾ֤Լһ̨
ڴڣ̤ڣĦիԼĿ겢ͣ٣͡
ڵڣѶ˿ڴڵͨһ·ͻ̤ؾ
Ħի뿪ˣȴǷ
ǿΨһĹޣȻԼӵ˶ĻԵƾʲôҪ
Ըһҫôѣ̤ۣ֮
ʶʢᣬֻһ̨һ̤塣
̤ͨ壬øǿ
ʶʢĵڶ֣ʮ˻սĻڣڶȫˣ÷ֲͬУֻܹʮõ˶ʮֵܷ֡
УͰׯ԰
ׯ԰Ļ֣ңңȣһ֣Сս˭ٹעׯ԰
Ϊⲻһ˵̨
ȻǿܹѹǿߣΣ
ׯ԰㹻ǿ˸
ûУ
һһֵСսУׯ԰ԲܶԿĴ


707 

ʶʢ֣Сսʼǰѩʶǩʱ
ʱ䣬ҫսʱĳ˺ܶ飬еõ˲жͨҲжԸ似Լеϳ̶ȻڲС
Ҫиһϵϵĳ̶ȣúء
ĹӰɱȻ֮
ʱ䣬һ´ļ似ĹӰɱ˳Ȼ磬ܹʩչһеľӰɱ
ԽԼӰУӰӣӴ˱ܹ䲻⣬ɱˣ
һмΪֲİɱʽ˭Ҳ뵽ӰӾȻܹɱˣ
ҪǽĹӰɱ򵽻ôӰɱΪӰɱһӰɱˣʱһвµʱ
ȻӰܹɱˣҲѾǲֶΣٵһóʱ򣬾ܹһֲ֡
Ϳռ䴩͸һʩչĻкܴǿ߶У˶ܵˡ
ĸͨѾʼȶֻҪ㹻ұ̤ĵͨˡ
ţǰǩ֮ս쿪ʼ
ϣͿԳһͻƵĵͨ۵ĸܹͨɹĻСսаԸһЩ
ǩǰ
ȻͬԤϵһһСսׯ԰еĻȶޣͨǿ߱ȥһͬʱս
Ȼ׼޺Լϳڵˣžǳˣڵ˭սʱǼʯͷȥ

ѩׯ԰
ҹׯ԰
ػ
ǰǩܿ͵õ˽ʶʢ֣ׯ԰ֱַѩׯ԰ҹׯ԰ػ
ѩׯ԰Ǳѩׯ֮һʵΪǿõǣѩׯ԰ǿţѩܲμֵСս
Ҳ˵˴εĶߵͨ
ûǿ߳ս˵ǸϢˣߵͨԸ̫ѣһʮ֣öˣ
ҹׯ԰ػСǣȥһǿֻ֮óһߵͨԼͨսûҪķϡ
ֻҪ̫УСӼ׾ٵġ
Ǻһġ
޸ǩ鵽Ķ֣һǱѩĸ֮һȺʵѩׯ԰ǿ
ûҪ濣Ϊ޸˴αȥǿǽһǣߵͨ
һɵСӣ濡һ͸ȥ֮ѡȥΪȥĸǳǿ濡һϡ
Ȼȥ磬޸ǰУȴǲμӴ˴Сսѡ
޸ͬҲһޣ֮ѡ޶ǻȶΪ޵ĸǿһЩ
ȶóڹ棬һѾ㹻ҪڶˣֻҪȻվ̨ϣĶ־ͻᱻһһնɱ
ˣϳܹ޶ȱİȫ
Ȼȥƶһսأ
˳ſڣ濶Цʵ
ȥһ½УЩҩҸоĵͨԶˡ
˵֮󣬾ͺ濸ǣǰ˱ѩʶڵһЩͽС
ʱգùҩʤϴҩѾùЩԴȪѾùΡ
£ҪҵһЩЧõĵҩףñѩʶеĹģԴȪҪҪҵһЩпܵġ
ϻöңҩǴ´ġ
һϰۣߣһöңʮöļҩûκ֪ݣ
ʮöļҩУаöļƷҩһĸ࣬ÿöֱȫˣõڶöôҲһЧ
ͨյҩܹĳɾǳˣȴȫգ
ԣʮöҩ㹻۵̤ĵͨĳ̶ˣҪǻޣ;Բ
һ㣬Ȼƣ
Ϊ츳ʲôƿٶȣԶԶһˡ
굤ҩ֮󣬱ʩչֶΣȻصׯ԰С
ڻʶʢᣬһֺ͵ڶϵı֣ڵׯ԰νѩʳϣǰףأҪύׯ԰
Щ飬һŽȥˣвһЩҲúȫ£ԴҪײҪûô
Ƿµ飬Ҳ⡣
ൽʱ򻹻ȥˣڣׯ԰Ǽ跢չʱЩԴãôҲ൱öҵʲء
ׯ԰飬úȥˡ
ԼȻУ׼սЩļҩ
УֱӽЩļҩеȫգȫգûһ˿һ˷ѡ
ţͨУдռеյڣԼҪĵ
еͨӣ²ϱŹڿʼɱ䡣
ô㹻ˣ
ţֻǲ֪ͨܲ˳֮ͨ˵Ӧѡʲôͨ
Щò⣬ôЩҩ˵

һʱȥʮöļҩȫգӴ˱ѩʳڣѾûܹյĵҩˡ
ǴļƷҩҲֻԭķ֮һЧΪ⽫ա
浽ûеҩʱ򣬾ֻķ֮һЧҲҪȫաڣֻķ֮һЧЩҩЧҲѰ˶١
һ˼뵽
ڻûǸʱκĵҩҪõεĻôڻʣöңԶԶõġ
ֻܵȶĳʮö˲ٿЩˡ
ͨ۷壡
ŴĵĸͨӣЩȣ벻ԼȻԿͨӣʹɺŵ״̬
һ룬̱ܴ߶ͨݱΪ֮ͨӶΪṩͨ
ڣûãҪʲôͨͨӵɱʱͣˡ
Ķҹׯ԰ׯ԰ׯ˵һ˰ӰĵǿߣӶĿӡڸ¡
ŽĶ֣Ҳ˵սҹׯ԰ޣȫ壬ۻӰȵȣ൱鷳˵Ļʱһ̽ͨˡ
ֶΣкֶܶ࣬Σ֮ҲҪˣ˾֮֡ӡֵĸֶΣֶͼࡣ
ڣȱٵһЩĸֶΣ


708 Сӳս
ѩʶ䳡
ѩʳʮٴһã׼ʼֵĻʶʢᣬСս
ׯ԰ĵһ֣ҹׯ԰
ޡţһСӣ׼ս
ϳΪʲôŶǳ𡭡С˵ˣҪôͻȶһϣҪôͰøˡ
򵥵˵ȶϳϳҪȻ͸ȶһ̨¹ս
ԴˣЩƣȴҲûʲô˵ģϾϰɣֻжͨϳҲǴ͵ģͨߵͨǿߣܼһС㲻ˡ
ϳĲˣ濵Ķһϳ
ǵĶ֣ѩĸ֮һȺ
ǰսҫʱֵ漣˶˱÷ǳעһȥϳȻ˾˵Ŀ⡣
䳡ʮ̨ͬʱս
ڵ̨ȴ˵ע
ȺսģȻߵͨǿߣǶʲôޣʵ϶ǳǿҪȻȺҲǱѩĸ֮һˡ
˵ȺĸһͷţڴԱţĺյޡ
Ⱥڣ츳ޣʱھͱţɳӶΪȺм
ԵߵͨޣǱţСޣ
ϳˡ
濡һȥ˰ڳսΣվ̨ϵһߣһȺţһŮ
˫ţԻ
޸ˣ˵ܺҫսãȻվֻһҵǲǽ޺һ졣
һĵͨͨҪôߵͨĶԿ
һսȺʤˣ˿ɶеţرмǸ˵Ҳǿ߶սͦʱء
ۣսվǿʼˡ
Ҳڵ䳡Ҫѩĸ֮һȺһʵΡ
Ⱥսޣ츳Ƕ⣬һһԼһè̬츳ͬյҲر
˾̾ǣ໥֮ȴܹܺõϣһʼͱΪֲȫѹƣ
Ҳʾڸȥĵĸ£濺Ͷһսõ˼
֮ʩչ׼סͷŶһƣֱӽͷˡ
ϣȺֱʧһˣ
ʣˣ濺Ͷһļйû˻ֵأҪ֪濿ԸǿߵģߵͨĶ֣¶ԷĿӡţҲ˿ơ
һʱ䣬Ⱥȫ
޸濡һȥˣҲֻʣһ˻ڳϣȺŲͬ죬վƴṷ̋Ҳһȥ˳ȥ
ֻʣһˣ޸ǻʤõʮ֡
Ⱥ֣
ȫȻ
濵ʵٴһ׼ȷ֪ŮӵпǿߵʵԸߵͨĶ֣׾٣
ȻˣôУ޸ضõˡ
ǰ֣޸õ˶ʮֵ֣Ļܹʮ֡
ȽǵĶȺȥսȫʤֻܵõʮ֣֮ǰʮܹ֡ʮ֣
ɼֹ޸ĻֽȾ̤ǰС
ׯ԰͸˵ˡ
³֮ׯ԰ս
ޡţ̨̤ϣҹׯ԰һߵͨǿߣԼͨ֡
ǹԼСģӣڻҾˡ
˷Ը
˵Ȼ֪һսԵ˵ͷ
սʼ
ҹׯ԰ɫµţһʱξʧһûǵӰ

ȻֶΣô
ǰһʱ߶֮еĵĸͨӣһ̣ͨţڽ֮ͨ
ĵͨ
ҹׯ԰ʧƶȻһ䣬Ȼһ̤ĵͨ
ͨӰۣ֮
ڵľġġģ߼һͷ۳һɭȻͫס
Ӱɵͫף
ŰӰ֮γɣһƬľĳΧɢȥ˲䲶׽ҹׯ԰˵١
˾ȻѾԣҪмй
Ȼ˹۲֮ǰս֪ͨĹûκӰ죬ҪӮⳡսĻΨһĻȽ
ֻϧȴ֪Ȼܹ̤ĵͨͨ̽ͨ

񲻱䣬ֱʩչһͬһų˲䳯Χɢ
ҹׯ԰û뵽ȻԼͷҪȴֱӾͱС
ռ䴩͸
ۣۣۣ
ڶʱγֱ֣ӽ˵һȻѪʱ
Ǿ棬һҵĿͲǵˡ
˵
˶ʱȻ׷׺䣡
ǿҫµֶΣˣԭǾͶսʤûʲôϣҲ֮С
ֻû뵽Ȼô졭
սʤׯ԰õʮ֡
޺Ϊƣ벻ԼȻϳһֶͣûг֣ͽȫŵˣ
ҲǣĿֲڣṳ̂ؾޣôܶԸˣ
ҫ޷˺Ҫ˵ˣ
սʱ䣬սѾȻ˻ص˹սϯϣȴһսĿʼ
䳡ϵˣѾױˡ
ĵͨ
Ȼս֮ǰպͻˣɺ𣿻Ǵ˹Ϊ֮
ɺϵĻҲ̫˰ɣ
һĻ˾̫ЩȻܹԼͻʱ䡭
ĵͨӰۣ֮쾳磬ܹ֮̽ΧһŵĶܹнͨ̽⵽һЩ
ոͨûôͻƵнͨٻúܳһʱС
ׯ԰ĵһսȥһѩׯ԰
ѩׯ԰ѩׯ֮һһвŮɣߵͨţһսǿ
˵ѩׯ԰ĲǺеĻģɵξĲͣ
ǰûôһθպüʶһ¡
ϢĹУٴϳŶһ͸ȥСӺɨʤɹõʮ֣޸ֿܷǰʮС
ʱڣҲ۲һѩׯ԰սֻϧԷ̫һûѩׯ԰Ůսʽ
׻ȺҪǱѩׯ԰ס̫ûˣ
ţ˼ŶԲߡ
ܿ죬ųֵׯ԰Сٴϳսѩׯ԰Ůޣ


709 ѩ
ʮ̨ϣʮȫ׼ս
վмһ̨ϣվ޺ţѩׯ԰Ůޣ΢۾
ѩޣȷǷǳƯʩչ˵ơ
ЩǷЧͲ˵ˡ
սʼ
һ£ʮ䳡ϵսͬʱʼʮ޼ͬʱԼǿս
ڵ̨ϣѩׯ԰ȴʱûж
ôûʲôҾȳˡ
۾һֱ̧֣ۣӺ˳ȥűձ鱬
ڰɾ֮һ̨֮ڵĿռ䶼壬һƾ˳ſǱ뵽˶Էڡ
һ־Ǵļ似
Ůȴ΢΢һЦδ⣬λûƮ죬Ȼ̨ʧ
ž֮һŭҪǱ˶ԷڵľģȴֻڳƾըȫûйԷ˵ӡ
ʲôֶΣ
üͷ΢壬벻ԷֱӴǰʧˣűûܹжԷ
Ӱۣ֮
ͷɭȻͫٴγ֣һʱ䳯ΧȥȴԤϵûܼκӰǡ
ʲô
üͷһ塣
޺žȻͬʱ
Ѿ˻þ
һݣǻþĻǰ޺žǼٵģҪƿþֻҪ˻ܾˡ
ǻþأ
Ҳѩׯ԰ˣ޺ŵĹƣֻʱܿâ
鷳̫鷳ˣ
սΪƣҲĶô
ֻ޺ڳͣĹ
ˮ֮
ʱͻȻһ̧֣ˮĵ۳Ϊһſմͷ˳ȥ
ˮ֮
һݣһпܹ״̬ͨ޳ſմͷô£
ѵǰ˻󣬼ǿմжѣ
Լ
һ˼һ裬ѵ˵Ĳǻ󣬶޺˱Ӱˣ
Ӷ˽˶֣޳ǿմͷˮ֮˵ΪԼǸ򣬲ΪԼĳ״̬
ռ䴩͸
ûκԥһ߶޺ŵĹƣһ߳ͷˮ֮ĵطųС
ۣ
һѪƮɢ漴һѩ׵Ӱ֣һֻѩ꣡
Ȼ
һĽʩչͨӡ֣֮
󣬾Ϣ
ȫɢɭȻƣſһڿֲϢǳֵѩӿϮȥ
ͨͬʱ֣ʱѩһһʱûΣ˺üΧɢȥ
ĸ
һݣȴָ޷ҳֱͨӽкüѩɢܣƺڳ
ֶֻΣջ
ѩ󣬾Ȼ޲ˣ
ѩׯ԰ţѩҪʩչܹ̼֣ö޷ҵԼټܹԻֵĸ֪
ѩ֮£ׯ԰˵Ҳ֣ºܿͻᱻ̭ˣһ֣ѩׯ԰Ҫʤˣ
սϯϣ۷׷ףȫޡ
а취ȥӦԣһĸĹŲӰ˲֣ͬʱЩơ
űĸĹŲӰֱóȻֻʩչİ˳ɣѩҲǴ´ġ
ţ⣡
ĹŲӰʩչдļ似ڵľ˲佫̨һ̨̣Ϸʲôûκ֪ˡ
֣
û޺ţʵϾھֵɲǣ˾ֹͣһж֪ˣԲŵ
ȫѩӰ죬֪ںδ
У⣬˺̫ˡ
޻̨һȴЩ⾹Ȼ޲ƣҪڡ
䡣
ֻ˵鷳ѡ䣡
ţֻһˣҲܹԷȫܣ
޵Ҳһˣ뿪̨
Ϊ޺Ųþͷѩȫ˲ѩ󶼰ڳˡ
˶Է޺һΪⳡսһЩס
ɢȫź޶֮ĹƲųչ֮ǰΪ˼ɵ޺ţҷſڣûκι˼ɡ
ɱ
ꡭ걬
ֳУֱӳĳ򷢶ƣ˲ӡǺȻһֲ̨Χɢȥ
ͷѩ걻֮Уܾʴٶֶζûá
Ȼ㲻ںδһ걬˼䳡ֱӽһͷѩˡ
̤ĵ֮ͨĻ֮ǰǿֹԸߵͨޣǰɵöࡣ
ȻҲԷǾȽޡűƵ䣬ֻʣµ˵ʱٷ޲𹥻
ļƲߣ
䣡
һŮһͷѩ̨⣬ͷѩһ걬ˣѾ޷սȥǿ̨ϵĻֻ·һ
ѩһˣ۾ȱʧˣͷѩ¶Ӱ֮۵ĸ֪С
ˡռ䴩͸
ûκԥֱӶͷѩ귢ơ
ۣۣ
󣬿ռ䴩͸ֱͷѩ޴һѪۣţͷѩһһΪʮȫ˶ʮѩ
ű
һ̧֣ٴϮһ߿ǱͷѩĵĶʱ
ռ䴩͸
׷ŴĶֱӷƣһνһͷѩֱ۹ᴩһƬѪ
䡣
ͷѩôҲ벻ҵԼģɫò԰ףֱ䡣
ѩƣѾ֪սˣ볢һ£ȴû뵽һٻҪĻ˵Ѿȥˡ
ʣһͷѩꡣ
ͷѩ걻⳹֣˫͸ΣٴλΣСᶯͬ³֣䡣
ˡ
ѩׯ԰ǿߣֱԱܣҲΪ̨խ
ҪҰĻ²̫õĻᣬϾԷ򲻹ܣ׷ϣ
̨̨ΧΪԼΧöԷ޴ӣ䣡
벻á
ȴδڻֵܶϲõУǷһƬ´½
űеĶһУǽĵɢȥκеĶ
ƾֶΣ׷ֱ٣ϾеȻǲڶģ
ֶѰĶ֣ƺȰӰ֮۸ЧһЩ
ȻܹͷŵķΧȰӰ֮Ҫ࣬İӰ֮ͨʩչܹ֮۲쵽ǧɷΧڵ֣ͷŷΧֻж̶̰ɶѡ
ߵĲ࣬һսԼ似˸ε⡣
ֱ


710 ȫϲ
ѩׯ԰³Ҳʹׯ԰ٴλʤõʮ֡
Ȼ
ѩׯ԰սϯϣһŮ΢̣ЩȤӡ
ѩׯ԰һޣѩؾΪ
ǳϵѩׯ԰ʵǿԱѩׯ߱ѩĸ֣кܴʤ㣬Ƕиһܻʤ
ڣʩչѩȴȻ
ⳡսߺֻһ
޺ţȫֻǴ͵ģ⣬ðѩʵ
ֵʱ򣬶Ҫú㽻֡
ʶʢֵĹδѩһţǲ֪ģֻҪлᣬŹֵκλᡣ
ѩͬ뷨ģв١
ѩׯĸʮҫѾܸ֮⣬ʮһǿߣȫע⵽ƥ
ֻҪڵֽܣǾ൱ڻҫ
Ǵһûᡣ
ôģûʲô̫ȤӸոյս˶÷ʱ֮С
ܿ죬״̬ѹׯ԰Ҫһ֣ػ
ػսͨţһսӦòѡ
˵
ٺ٣ߵͨˣҪͨģ
źٺһЦ
ܴ⣬ֵȷĻǹԶ֣һԼҸѹͺˡ
ЦЦ˵
ҡϣ
ŶʱЩɵۣҶֻܶԸһһܽܡ
ŬУս͸ˡ
˵
ŵǺ£СӵԸʲô£ĵֻǵʱˣˡ
Ȼ⣬žûʲôõĵˡ
Ȼ벻ǣػׯ԰ʱ򣬻ûսȨˡ
ȻǼɵʵϳһսûˣ
ׯ԰˽ʼʱ˭ׯ԰֮һڣػȻսꡭ
ˣׯ԰սȫʤõʮ֣ܷʮ֣һЩǿеһ
һʱ䣬ʮСսͽˡ
õʮֵҪǰֵĻ֣ׯ԰һʮֵģֻܹа˸ˡ
ׯ԰֮⣬һ⣬ȫǱѩׯĸ֮һ
޸Ϊڶֵʱֻõʮֲ֣ܷʮ֣˺ͷ
Сսٴγ֣һڶԻ֣׼ȥʶʢֵĹ
չʶʢÿ궼֣֣ǰʮǿߵĸ˽һ㼸ı䡣
ǰֵĹÿһ궼һ
Ϊֹǰٵʸֱ
ĵĵһ仰ͽ乬ֻǰʸֱ
עһˮˮṳ̂ǰ٣ֻźı̭ûʸμӽȥĵֱˡ
ֵıأһĵطʦһսһþ磬ǾǽҪȥĵط
һ仰ٴڳ˷籩
ʦս
þ磡
Ⲣ˾ȣ𾪵ǣľȻİʦˣ
ʦ֮һģ񵽵ӵжǿʵ
û֪
£ܱЩ۹ĵˣݣ̫󣬼һ۹ǵˣվֻбһ³
ڻþ磬һǾʧȥ˼սʸ񡣡
ĵ˵ÿѡ˲μӴ˴αԣڻþ磬ʦ˲мŲٴļ似Լļҩ䷽дļսַõӦıܹõӦ֣þʱ䣬죡
ļ似
ļҩ
ļս
ĴһȫҪ֪ǿĵʦ֮һĻþ磬ЩҲ֮һС
õһö򣬶Ը˵Ǽջ
ļҩ䷽
һõԴԴϵƴļҩǿʵ
ļսֶΣ
һ˵ܹƴļսӰ쵽ʵĹؼ֮һļսһҪսԴ
ڴļ似͸˵ˡ
ѩʳеĴļ似ʮ
ļ似ĻǿǱнͨҪǿֶΣκ˵һõܹǿս
˶ıǼ۾ǿߵĻþУȴȥ֡ᡣ
ǰʦ֮һĺô
Ԥģ󣬱ѩʳʵܹ٣͵ÿһʵˡ
ڻþеᣬضΪң˭õĴļҩսַļ似
ЩһҪչĻ
һ˲䣬䳡еȫرǻǰٵЩһΪ˷ܡ
ֻṳ̂ǰٵһ鶼ˣ֪пǽǷˡ
ҪǲⳡԴսеõЩʲôǵķչǸˣ
ڻһ֮λҲõģһֽһþС
ȴǻһתЦ˵ҪʵҲѩʳһΪΪ۹ŬǷģþзõȫһþĻһģһֻǲҪǰٵǿ߾
⻰һһ֮Щ˲ϲǰһɨա
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ͽ
ڻþе򣬼صĶ͵ĶƷһʽݷֵþУкβɣ
ٴʮþ磬ģԼ۾ʦ˵ûκʧ
˾٣ȫȫΪǿѩʳʵĵĻ˵ΪΪ۹׼
ѩʳӭһǰδеɱ䡣
ֱԣʼʱʦҲᵽʱ䣬λú׼׼ɡ
˵仰ЦһЦ֮󣬱ת뿪
ȫΪ˷ܵĸԱЩͨĿǱѩׯĸĴڣȫϲ
Ļᣡ
ǿĻᣡ
ǰһжĸǴģʦ֮һѩʳĺôԲֹЩ
⣬Ϊڱѩʳӵ˸ߵˣΪģѩʳܱøǿ
֮ľҪʼ
֮ǰһ⡪ѡ뾺ѡ
ѡׯ԰˵ѡޣȶźͳ͹ˡ
Ȼû뵽ԼμһλʶʢᣬĻԵ
ļҩս
ߵֶΣ˵ûʲôãһõļ似Ƕ˵Ǹ


711 ĳ
ֱϸ򣬺ܿͷ˸С
ׯ԰У¿һе򣬶˵⽫ǱѩʳһʶʢᣬΪͻƵ۾ڼʱѩʳͻΪѩ۹Ӧģѩʶͻɵ۶ʱʶʢȻûˡ
⣬λʶʢᵽѾǽ˵ȥԴᣬΪǻʶʢ֣ʵϣʶʢᲢûʲôҲ˵ȥԴĻֽᵥ㡭ʶʢĻ֣Ϊֹˡ
Щϲ̧ͷ˵˵ׯڶĳµĶעھͿջˣ
ʱڸׯעׯ԰ܹ̤ǰһû뵽ʶʢǽˣ
ֵֻ㣬Ѿڻʶʢķ롭Ҳ˵йڻʶʢĶľ֣Ѿ
ʱעڵջʱˡ
⵹ǲż˵˵Դľʲô
˰֣ЩңǷǳżҪ֪õҲʵֻǸׯ԰ķչṩ㹻Դˡ
ЩԴ˵ûʲôá
ڻþУõļƷһ֣ļƷʮ֣ļƷһٷ֡
¿һڼصݣ˵ļƷսģߣʮ֣ļƷսģߣһٷ֣ļƷսģߣһǧ֡⣬ļƷ似򣬼һٷ֣ļƷ似򣬼һǧ֣ļƷ似򡪡þĶһ֡
ոõܻ֣ĵʦ𽫻ؽԽߣԽࡣڻþУÿһö򶼻ӦʵޱҪõ򣬱ޣ֮Ҳܹᡣ
ԴĹ򣬻Ѿˣ򵥵˵һֶᱦսͬʱ֮仹ں;
ϸ˵ˣֵһٷֵԴػ߱ͷߵͨ۷ޣֵһǧֵԴػ߽һͷޣ
ֵһֵԴþֻһöŴļƷ似ػͷޣ
֮䣬ΨкпܵõսĻпûһܵõļƷ似
ǰУǵѣֻ޸һڵжԵĵв٣𿤡ѩУѩׯ԰ЩǰĶ֣ǻֶλǰ٣ͬһþᡣ
Ϊǵ˵
޷ˮڡ
ȴ˿ûеģȻ֪þǸʲôĴڣУҲʧȥʸˣ
ȻϣжȡһЩؼǣսУһսͻƿģ
ޣȶӣСһúðλᡣ
ܣ˵
İ磬һƴģǴļƷ似ؽǵ֮
һЦΪŵ˵
һʱգļƷ似
ǿͷػԴҪõ֪ʱٵľԼΪҡ
Сӵʮ㣬˶ԴļƷ似Ǻܱ֮⣬ֻһ˶ǴļƷ似뷨ˡ
ڵׯ԰޸Укüдļ似ƷģǴħٱеõĲȱƷȫ֮ó
ͬЩļƷ似һģвٴļƷҩĵҲħٱеõģѾŸǻˣֻϧû˴ﵽͨؾ޷ƴļҩ
ͨؾޣѾʼЩļƷ似ʱڿ²ʲôЧڳˣԼ֮·ҪЩļƷ似
ȥЩļƷ似˷ʱ䣿
Ϲż似ⶼ˵ģʱ䶼˵ʱȥļƷ似ˡ
ܵõٵҩսģߣׯ԰ʵ٣رǵõļ似Ļܹһǿʵ
˵λ׼׼ɣȳȥһˡ
˸ɢʼ׼֮Դս
ڵȻǰѩʶ֮УȥׯӮǮջ

ѩʶǱׯ
ׯеĲƲ˶֪Ϊúôһŵ̫ҫׯעǧöҡ
ĳעõʵݣΪľҪԼɣ
ǱׯʱΧ˵ע֮ǰһʱĻʶʢᣬȵ̫ҫ
ѩʳ޶֪ôһˣƾͨΪȻ̫ӸƵˡ
ڱѩʳǰδеģ
Ǳׯ˵Ȼ֪ʲôģҪǮ
ڸׯעׯ԰̤ǰڽȻǵǮʱˣׯΪԼǲܷڡ
ұȽϺǣǱׯĲҵڻʶʢǱׯ᲻
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Ƕĳܼ˵
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ɫʱһԴսֻǰܲμӣׯ԰ǰ𣿡
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˵ѺעǸĿʾȻﵽһʮģ˶Щڣ֪ͺһעˣ׬ˣ


712 ʮ
Ȼ漰ˣǾͲһĳܼܹˡ
ܿ죬ǹܼҾٴ˳亹˵ǸСֵܣǶĳطһЩʽǧöң̸
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벻ףͲȥˣƾڵֶΣʾǿ߶һܹɱֱӶ޹ŵоˡ
ĵϣӦòʾǿܹҰɣ
õǱׯĶĽ֮ǰĳǮ
ĳͬһ¼ʶͬ˰˸ĳܹȻյ˶ʮöңӮ˵ĶĽ
ʮöңʲô
Ҳ˵ĲƲǱȵƶ˵ӻҪ࣬ѩʳׯ԰߸ۡ
㱻̭Ҫׯ԰ҲֻҪʮöҰˡ
֪ʮöҵļֵж٣ңͨõĻң뿪˱ѩʳһͨá
һĸ̣ܹĻǮ֮ǰС¶ʲôŸƶ˵۹֪ˡ
ɱѩҵĻʮöң൱ʮڱѩң
һʾ޿һͨͨؾ޵ĻһӶˣ˵֪֮Ľʺޡ
ڻʶʢῪʼ֮ǰľֵʱ˭뵽ׯ԰ӵǿʵȻֱӴǰ
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ʸߵ¼һʮʣǶׯ԰ܷ̤ǰʮģûͶǮɼʱûʲôׯ԰̤ǰʮ
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һȫȫĹͨûκֵֹЧΨһӵеЧΪԵĹ
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ֻҪϵǿ߼йͲκΣգ㹻ģׯ԰ˣڻþһ·ߵ
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Ȼ˵ףѣҪҲô׵£Ҫܵ˼ȱļƻΣֻܵʱ˵ˡ

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þ磬ֱǰ룬ÿþеĶһģҲ˵ҪĻþ罫кܴ
٣Աѩׯĸʮ꣬ô׶Ըģο˵ոսеʱ򣬸˶Ƿֿġ
Ҳ˵һҵһ
ڵ䳡ſڵȺλþڵأȻڵ䳡Уֻвܹȥ
ΪҪ뵽þȥǵı嶼ʵģʧΪˣļʦ𣬽ػʵ
λɡ
ʮĲ޶֮΢΢һЦ˻֣˽˵䳡
ڵ䳡ſڣܿʾǿ߹ţһ˾ǱѩʳĹʦһͷʹˣǺĲ͵ţһλ˵۾ǿߵĵӡ
ĵʦ𣬱֮һĳۣ
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ۣٱѩʳѩʳ˵һ£Ҫ֪ǿ۾ǿ֮һ
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һǧ˸䳡ȥԻ಻ס˷ܣڵ䳡ϤĲϤˣƽʱʱһЩȽܵı䣬Ҳڵ䳡оС
ȺУԭЩ֣Ļе㾯裬Ļ۾ǿʲô⣬ǽ뺦ǡ
תһ룬˵ǳˣ˵ģҪͼĻαعĨǵģ
ƾ۵ʵǺɨѩʳ´࣬ôˣСֶΡ
ʮţһѩʳЩ˳ʲôĻʲôô
ܿ죬˱˹ĵ䳡ΧıѩʳΧţЩǷֹ䱸ġ
䳡սϯϣһ۵ߣһͨλϣ˿ۡ
Ȼֱֱ߹ȥҹĽһʦ𡣡


713 ۻþ
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ţǾ㷴ӦҲû취ˣΪƾĸܶԿ


714 ׯ԰
ռ䴩͸һһųߴΣСӾͱֱˣֶζûжá
֮еսֱѰߵͨĶּ֣ܺϢĽ
ߵͨʩչ˷ֶΣȡ˷սҲûκô
ռ䴩͸һֱӴ͸ԷķϣڶԷķս
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ȫΪ׹ȥǶûܼӰڵɱΣԷ˶û

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ĹŲӰֱʩչӰɱĸĹŲӰӰ˲䱩𣬾УΪͷţ˲ɱ
ͷţôҲû뵽ЩȫûעӰӾȻᱩɱˣӦûӦǿѾӰɱնɱΪ׹ȥ
ת˲֮䣬ߵͨţʣһͷߵͨһͷͨ׷ȥ
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ͷߵͨţֱȥ˳

ڶԸͷޣһǸƵҫͨСһ
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ۣ
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ˣ
һʱ䷴Ӧһҧϣˣֻܸƴˣ


717 սƻ
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ԸһˣȻŲԶĺжȥǺĸһɱͷػޣڳͨ衣
Χûߴڣڷⲽ

ļƷȻֵʮ֡
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֪޸Ǳʲôջˡ
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ͬôˣۻþҲв١
ܹɹȴûж٣ΪĳۻþУʵ̫ˣ


718 һ򵱹
һƬԭϣһͷߵͨľػڲ࣬Χסκ롣
ЩľޣȻǰճĵӡ󣬶þеģǵʵʵʵڵߵͨ
ľޣ֪ҪԶԶȥЩ޾һЩһ欵ںԱߡ
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ǳֵ֮УߵͨޣԼͨһʵĸۡ
˵Ķս֮ǰ۲쵽֪һߵͨǿʵ㲻ľͲôˡ

ֱȥΣȻ˿ȥ
ߵͨؾĲΣһ㶼һЩ۲ֶΣ˶Ҳ⣬һܵǰԭڽеս
ڶԸͷߵͨػޡ˵ӦͷŶԣһͷӦñ˽ˡ
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Ϊ׵˧΢̣ʣһ볯ƣһʱ䣬ǵصֶ
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һֱ̧֣ͷųþûʹõֻϱڣһϳǰ
ֻĻĹŲӰǱ壬νɱʩչֻϱֻҪһʱˡ
Ȼǣˣ
ĹŲӰֻϱڷֶΣȻԷֵĹȫֵˣһĻ˲һ
ƭˣ
ԵһֻǷ󣬶ǸˣѾϮںԱսĳˣ
ڣΪɱǸͨޣҲֻǷˡ
һˣж

ı壬ֱʩչӰݣźУһ⣬ƳնƷڴԭš
Σھһĵط֣Ȼȫ֣ұס
ôܣôҵõǣ
Ϊ׵˧һȣ֪ǿȴǿڸ֪ɣ
Ȼôܱ֣
ܼ򵥡
ڿУ΢̣һ̧֣
һ£ֱڸֶ̰ʡ˽ȵһϵиױĵ
Ӱ֮޷ֵĿ꣬Ķȴ׾ٵ˳
ҪһĹŲӰֵס˵ķ󣬿¼㷢ֶԮֻһ㣬͵Ϯóˣ
šȶޣԶսͻƣҪ͵ϮɹĻ֪þĺ벿־͵һȥˡ
õǣʱֲֹ˶Է
ĶȻƣñס˵ˣرͨޣֱӾͱˡ
ãΪ׵˧һ̧֣Ϯ˵㽫ƿ
ʱһкХ֮˶Уһ󡪡ͨɱΪһ׹⣬ͳ˳ۻþ
ռ䴩͸
һУܹʩչʮεİ
һˣɣΪֻ˶֮һ
ӰɱֻǼСආûҪ¶ɱƣȻĻ
ţֱֳӳΪ˧ɱȥ
ȡӡǡ걬
˲伳ȡʣ˵ӡǣڻδԷʱͺȻĵ˲ȫڡ
ϯΪ׵˧꽫һȫֵס
ţȴ֣ռ䴩͸֮£˲̽󱳣
绯
˧ӰȻһ
д͸֮ǿ绯ͬһһɢڰУȴɫ䣬һ̧űձ鱬
һ𣬾ĳΧϮɢһ̾ͺȻ
ǻӹһٵ˧꣬һֱһ£ӲԶİе䡣
ռ䴩͸
ӿ㻹ôֵ
˧һȻ֮ɫȻδüӦѾǰһٴĶͷ
һɱ
׹Сӵǿ߾ɱȻʩչֶΣȴȻӲռ䴩͸İɱ
ʵɼһߣ


719 ɱҫ
Сӵǿ߱ɱʣ¼˾ûʲôˡ
ֳУһһʣ˻ɱûκλڣȻʩչʼոյս顣
ڣһͷľսݱ
ʼʱߵͨľޣȫȫѹƣܿŶԷħĵõǿԵֵľ޵Ĺơ
֮һħߵĵ嵶һͨ˵ĲΣ
һֱӽͷľնˣ籩ħȻ£ûþͽͷľƬ
һߣƾ豾ԴһʼѹͷߵͨľޣľڱԴĵѹ¿಻ԡ
˫Ϊǲ̫ľʩչһЩֶΣֱӽ걾嶼סҿʼ
Σʱ̣ȫð棬ͨս³֣һ̤нͨĲΡӣս²зЧǿҵķЧһܵĹܷһ󲿷ֻȥ
ߵͨľ䲻Դˣæɿ˶ԳĲƣţ֣֮ͫ˲ľϣʹʼ
˾볬Լǿսͨǿƿ˸Σǵͻƣ
޺ͻȶŮͬʱͷߵͨޣѹŮʵտ϶ܹ˳ȡʤ
ûŮսѾ̽⵽ĶڴӲͬķ򿿽
ӣȥǸˣһߵͨͨΪʲôֻĸһҲǶˣ
źͳ𽻴һͬʱĹŲӰšһǰС
źͳȻոͻƣսոսȥ飬·ӲȫʵûĻ϶С
ԣĹŲӰۣһ׶ˣܶԷֻҪԷסˡ
һߣߵͨͨ׼ǰսپ
⣡
䲻һо֣Ĺâ˲ȫĿСӶڡ
ӡ죡
ʱĻ۳һͨٴͻƣﵽ˵ĲΣ
Ϊн֮ͨ󣬻ӡܹӡֵľһʱ䣬θ֮һЧĳʱһ
ȻȻһֻмʱ䣬˵ȴѾ㹻
걬
ʱ׼ˣ㹻ӡֱ֮ʩչ걬ʱһߵһͨ޵ֵסֱӱޣΪ׹ɢȥ
ˣ֣Ҳȫĵʴ
Ƕɢ⣬Ȼɵľ൱ȹ̣ô׾ͻᱻɢģ
ҫ޷һɢɾ
ȵؼգɢԵľʱѾһǿߡ
ţھѸжֳУֱӴһͨ
ռ䴩͸
ߵͨŸͻƾȴ䲻һпռ䴩͸Ȼͷ­˶Ϊ׹ɢ
һûκˣͨޣȫⶼ޷ͻƣһƬڵУ֪ʲô¡
С֮ǰźͳǱߡ
ô̶̵ʱڣĹŲӰǿսȻȴѾȫֻʣźͳڼѵֵ
һٶȼߵͨޣԽˣźƺͼ͵Ϯնɱ޺ͻȶŮ
պдһһ˸ʹ䳹׻ҷӰӶûʣ¡
ɱ
ڵߵͨνޣȫɱȻ磬Ĳ࣬ȴֲεĲࡣ
ľģǱԴεԶ˵Ŀӡ
ټϣϹżƷս֣Ѱߵͨ޼ʮλĶ֣
һпռ䴩͸Щ˾ȫû취ƽ⡣
ȵϵźͳԣһɱٴݡ
Ϣ֮䣬ɱǰͼı飬ƾ˵Ҳʮ֡
ۻþĹ򣬳ѰҹеԵõ֮⣬ɱҲܹõ֣ÿɱһһ֡
иǿϢˣеϤƺǡˣ
ûôϢ͸ܵԶѸٸһϢЩϤƺ̫ӣҫ
磬Ѿģ
ֳַ籩ħԾԾԣȴԴ
ڲУҸոʩչ˲ֶζԸˣڶҫĻһܹȡʤ
źͳ˵ȥ޺ͻȶȥҫסֻҪɱޣ̽빬Ҫԥ
⡭ҵӱ
ŵɴ۾
ôϻ߾߰ɣ
ȴһѽųסߣķԸǺԥȫִС
˵һɺϣһٷֵĺǰ㲻Ҳġ

ҫ˳ֵķȻȥܿ췢֣ƺ֪ڹ˺ȻһΪ塣

֮ˣ츳ҪˣȻδЩԲʲôǿߡ
Ϊһͷһȣ̫ӣҫ
ܲܽɱˡ
ȻȡЩưܵУȻǱжֱʩչʽƣ
һУֱɱͬĺ䲻͵ϮҫĻӦпܳɹɣ
ֻҪҫһʣµ˶˵ûʲôѹˡ
ƣ
ͷ¶壬߱Уֱһг֣תƿպҫ
ʲôˣսװ
ҫ͵ϮʱһϷһ⣬սװȫ֣
ȻԶ֮ǰʩչǿöࡣ
һȥսװȻ飬ֱӽҫײɣͬһ׹˴ԭĵϣһƬ
ռ䴩͸
ƲˣּųУ˲ƿգһӴ̽ҫУ˫۵ɵü
ҫԼȻһ˵͵Ϯ˻ǡ

ҫΪ׹⣬Ȼһкɱ
һйȴҲø飬ҿǻþҪȻʹˡ
㣬㣬
ʣͷ屻ŵûɢ
һ֣ͽϴҫɱˣʲôĿֲ
˵Ǹոھһ׷ɱ治࣬ҫô˵Ҳǿڣôᱻһл


720 Ȼ
ԼҲЩ⡣
ȻˣȴҲûԼܹһнҫɱˣǼһôôһˣ
ƺҫ֮ǰˣ
ڱ׷ɱ
һ²⣬Ļô׷ɱҫȺ˵ģضǸǿСӣ
ؼǿߣڱѩׯĸУҫͺ֮⣬˭ܹѹסҫƵҫܱ˶ӣ
֪
кüûҪŶԷ
ԣɱ
߳գռ䴩͸һֱֶһٴ͸һͷ޵ı壬仯Ϊ׹ɢȥ
ӣ
ʣߵͨţʱŵûɢҫһлУʣЩܹʲô
ֻߣһٻ˰ɡ
ޣͬһʱ䳯ŲͬɢȥЩ⣬˵ûʲôν
ɱɱܾͷţҪ̤뵽У׷ɱҫǸǿߣ
ۣ
ռ䴩͸ٴʩչһޱһӴɱΪ˰׹⡣
ţδȥ׷ɱޣȥ
Ǳ뾡ܼǿߡ
״̬ҪһҪǿǿߣ϶ֵܵסҲֻжһ취ˡ
һʱ֮󣬹ʧʱ˵սѾȫָʲôǿߵĻҲԶһ


޺ͻȶŮսҲӽβǸԱͷߵͨľ޸˺óһʱ֮Ҳͻơ
޵ͨøǿҶˮĵ̡
ȶļƷսزܹӳսǿʵ
ȫ֮£ǿߣֵܹסһʱ䣬ԸͷߵͨľޣȻûκ⣬˵ľˡ
ʱŮԱǿȫ
ͷػޣȫ
Ƚȥһʱٳ
һӣ漴̤֮У֮У϶ڷżֵһٻֵҲ֪мʲô
빬֮Žոշ˽һ顣
ϴϴ󣬾Ȼҫһˣ
ŹһЦ
ҫһһУ˭ܹ׷ɱĶ飿
üͷ΢塣
֪ЩĹҲȫǵ̽⡣
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳһٻ֣һʱȥָһ״̬κ취Ӧƽ⡣
˵Ҳǣȿöмʲôɡ
ֱӱе˹룬һƮʯϷö򣬽˽ȥ
ȻǴļƷ似似ھͿԳˣ
ǰһ˵
ΧҲһصĶ
ļƷ似诲
似˵һٷֹУǴļƷߴļƷսģߣû뵽ֱӵõһ似
Ҳɫһϲ
似֮ǰ߲εҲ似ȸ֮裬ڵõ诲պ
似似֮ٵģΪ󣬾ӰħиµıУûһ似ġ
ҪеĻѧˡ
ļƷ似诲ܱûкãܲʲôӰݣʱڣӰҲֻʩչһΣȸ֮ṩٶȼӳɣѾȫˡ
诲ҲҪ
ܿڹпʼһʱʱ䣬϶ǽ诲ѧɣϾҲǴļ似ô׵顣
ں֮⣬һڽ֮󣬳ˡ
Ƚȥˡ
һڶȹŮڴЩźҡҡͷǼطɡ
ڹĻͿԷŮȻǡ濣
׷ɱҫ޵ǿߣȻ޸Ķ飬Ϊ֮濣
һЦĽһǣߵͨΪմ濵Ĺ⣬Ҳһ׷ɱǿߵٹ⡣
ֻϧֶβû취ҫҲ֪ҫںδ
ߣǱļһˣҪҪǳͽǸɵ
һͨĽһ£᰿ɾŵţЩ޺޵˵
˴޸μӳۻþ˶飬֮һ濣Ȼнһǣ֮Ƕһ͸ȥһһ·׷潫һǵţƾ
ڷˣƾͨһ·ΨһհҶҲǼΪġ
ȻƾΪһõľˣ飬Ҫһʧʱɵҫ
޸֮ĳԹԶҫ֮ĳԹ
Ҫ֪ҪҫĻ޸ɱڶ֪ٱ˵㣿
ҫͬһȺʮˣ޸䳰ȷ޸̣
ںòлᣬ¸ɵҫǲ붪ᣡ
һʱʱ䣬ȥܶˡһΣһҪԻΪ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ֿܻǰĻԵõ۵ؽ֮һؽһʧòһ֣ҲһǧֵĹУ
˵Ĳ
һվЦʱ䱦󣬲ֵǺȥҪҵһһǧֵĹǾˡ
ߣǾЩһһ´μȻģ
ƾ̧ͷ̫ˬˣܰǿ׷Ŵǰδе鰡
һ죬ƾ츳վ̤ؾȻ֪Ȼ̤ؾҲǱȲ֮ʡ
ϴ̨ϣ濻ֶֻܺԸҫڣѾܹҫ׷ҫȥ򣬿ɼʱĽҲС
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ȴ֪޸ׯ԰СӾȻ
һʱ֮
˽诲ʽУȻʧһ˹Ĵԭϡ
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һʱʩչӰۣ֮ȴûзΧκӰ
ˣһٷֹŰɣǽȥô죿
ʵ
ȥһǧֹɣһٷֹһӽþ롣
΢΢һЦ;诲Ҷ似еģǽ˵ܿܽѧɹˡ
ͬ似໥ܹ飬㹻ǿĻܹ似
һ뿪˲ԭһ߿ʼй诲顣
˿֪һʱ֮ǰ濴޸·Ҳȫû뵽׷ҫ˾Ȼ濣


721 诲
ۻþѾһʱ䡣
ׯ԰ˣڵõļƷ似诲ֽ֮õһļƷսģߣԼһöļƷҩĵ
ܹᵽһٷֹԼʮֹΪɱ˲ˣӶﵽʮ˵ܷ֡
һƬ򣬻еͷֹѾˡ
ȥڶ죬͵һǧֹʱˣ
ۻþܹʮһǧֵĹÿһһǧֹһػػΪǿ
ҪһۻþЩǰıѩʳ˽ֻˣ֣һܹɱһͷޡ
ڵۻþһǧֵĹġ
ػ
ЦǰУǿ߾ʮ
ǵһѾвٱɱȥˣǿߵÿضռһһǧֹ
£
ػ޶սʱǿԻˮ㣿
ۻþеʱͱû
ۻþһٸСӣѾһ뱻ɱȥˣʣʮСӣÿʵСսǿ󣬾ӵмǿֶΡ
ǿߣ˵ҲĳЩյļһԸͷ
˵þл࣬ȻͨؾȴܹսؾţҫƵ䣡
ڱɱȥЩˣڻ˯״ֻ̬еȴڳۻþ֮ǵʶŻع鱾塣
Ҳ˵Ϊֹ˳۱֮⣬ûκ֪ڳۻþзʲô顣
˶ڴԼܹȡúóɼرЩӵŵıѩׯĸ
ȴû֪Ϊֹׯ԰ǿߣҫȻѾȫնɱʧȥ˼ʸ

ۻþڣһλѩɽеľ͹
һѩɽжأʱעΧ
͹Ӧôżֵһǧֵ򣬲ԱһͷıػƾǵʵǲҪӲĺá
ȵ˵
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˵ͷڼɵʲô
͹Բǧ֮ڣѾĸˣڵȶ֡
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ۻþ˵ʱ䲻ࡣ
սڶһǧֹᱻߣʱ仹ûǿô⸽Ȼ͵Լ취Ըˡ
֣Ψһİ취
ϢǣǾһѾ诲ѧɹ
΢΢һЦںǿսʱҲǶһݱϡ
诲ѧɹ֮ܳʩչܹӵиܲٶȲ٣ܷȴࡣ
Ҫǣ诲һֱãѰ似ͨ诲ܣսƺܴ
ûи˵ǣ诲Ѿһ̶ȣٹã¾Сɾ硣
ʱûҪˣСɵʱٸؾͺˣҪȻûʲôá
һʱ
ʱ

ʱţ˵ȴãû͹ܿ죬ĸʱѾȥˡ
ѾСʱˣ
׼׼ʼжˡ
˸ָ˵ĸֳɲͬ򣬳Χɢ飬ٵߵ֮⡭ңȥȻޣ
ٵȥһлᣬȻˣԼᣡ
š𡢻ȶޣ˶һĸ֪ȻİӰ֮ôǿ󣬵ֳĸɢĻʲô˹϶ܹһʱоˡ
˸ġ
Ȼ˵ܹޣǾͿ϶û⣬ֻҪú鹤ˣ
ٶȳΧɢȥ
ԭڸصʮޣҲԴȻȲˣ׼Լˡ
ׯ԰ܹĸô˵Ҳʮߵͨɣ
ԸһͷıޣӦûǱȽɵģ
ڣɱ˱֮󣬾͹η䣿
ȻҲɱ˱˵
ȻҲ˶ΧӵкİӰ֮Ƶֶ̽ΣֻϧԷȻû̽߷ŵĻ
Ӱ֮һܹ̽⵽Χ˴ڣȴ޷Է˭
ɱ
ʩչӶԷ̽ⷶΧʧŵɢȥҲˡ
ǿʼ͹ſھۼȻҪ֣
£ɢȥ飬׷˾֮ġ
ûߵһѾһ
Ÿѧ诲ֳУֱɱ֮Уһһߵͨţʣĸ
󣡡
˾漴Ͽ˦
诲
Ų΢˴ļƷ似ͬӰһƶĸ£׾ٵıܿ˶Էĺ

м̶£ɱһˣ֮һꡣ
ռ䴩͸
һ˦ֱӽӳӰ˸һֱӱ״͸ڲŵɫ±תΪ˰׹⡣

ڰɱ͵Ϯ飬ϰޱȣ츳
һֱ̣չֵ쾡£
ʱ䣬һǿţȫɱΪ׹ⱻͳ˳ۻþʱĳ˯
ѹʱ򣬳ۻþѾôźûˡ
ĵطΨһľɱУᣬûκκ˵ģΪҪͬʵͻᣬܷŹ
ˣܺá
ͷϵİӰ֮˸ɭâ̽⵽һ߸΢̡

ˣʮˣߵͨ⣡
ʮָȻǿ߶ֵ֣ȻӭǵȴһƬŨ
ھ£ʼʴڣߵͨǿ߿ʼƣҪɢЩ⣬ȻĹȴȻ
ۣۣۣ
׹ھв𣬴һһ˱ͳ˳⡣
ԭͼΪµ诲֧£øӹĪ⣬һ̸ɱһˣһ̾Ѿһ˱
˶ɢ⣬ǽ˳ɢʱȴʮѾòˡ
ʣˣǲڽȫɢ
۾ǣʱ䡣
նɱˣ
ôٶȣ
ǿߵʵҲ˰ˣ
ˡͷޣҵġ
ֳУֱ˻Ϊ׹⣬Ȼһ̣诲Сɾ硣


722 ȨǶ
诲̤Сɾ磬ӹ죬Ҫı仯ǿСС˲ƶ
诲ǳ޿Խռ䣬СɣѾԸܵĳǳ
Ǿǣ
յһ˿ǳܹڶʱ˲ƣȻ˲ƾ̣ܶôԽռֶΣںܶʱкܴá
۷þе򣬼صĶѰһдļƷ似Ȼܹͨǳ
ǰһ˴֮ѩʳһԾõ似֮󣬻ʳʵض
н֮󣬵Ȼⲻ˸֮İнףģߡļ似ڸ֮໥
Ȼۻþеõϣκ˵ǲƸҪ϶Ҫó֮ӦĶС
ϧҫʲôģЩԵˡ
΢̣̤ǰ̧ͷ˾͹ſػŵޡ
ޣһ֪ҪںδΪ޴򽻵̫ˣԶԸԱȽס
Ҫ֪޹ŵУǷӡͷޣй޶뼸ͷ

ӡ
̧־Ʒ͵ͨжԸǿ߶ӵв׵ĹЧټϣһֻɭȻ׹ֱ۴ֱ̽ӳͷץȥ
ֶıһŭ𣬾ͳ׵ֵȻȴȻֶ
Ϣ
ĿǰǿĹֶν٣һɭȻϢȻֱӽͷغˣ˾͹ſڴѩС
Ȼˣ޷ɱһͷޡ
ֳУֱӷռ䴩͸һһʱ䣬ͷȫѾǱд̳Ŀһ󴿾ĺ¶Ƭþء
ûѪҺɸִɣıޣԴڵĺġ
ʮοռ䴩͸ͷϣֳУ̤ͷǧٿ׵ıޡ
ͷޣѾȫʧȥսȴδȥ
͵֮ͷͻȻһ󺮱ХҪнϮɱ
ֻϧԴ׼
诲
ϰ似˼ֱʩչռ˲ƣǳ٣˲˶Էĺĳ

бգһٽǿ׻ƬϹżƷսĹ£޶ûз
˵þУһܵѹƵġ
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ޣѸ͵ĹѳƬŷϢšĸ
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724 ֻ
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727 ս֮ǰ
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729 Դ֮
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һ˿·磬ϾۻþеҲǱѹһʵģͷȻڣʵȴڵ޲ֻ࣬˵㱾Դ֮ˡ
⣬΢һʱ䣬νԼܹɵĻͷצޡ
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˵˵ͷֱӷǰʼԸһͷޡ
ͬʱǱڲԶˣҲ׼ʼж


732 һײ
ͷצޣƲۿžҪ̤ʾȴѹס
ռʩչͨϺͷޣ
ǰæֹ֣ͨԸͷޡ
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˵ʲôνռģһ˲ܵձڣˣȴԪĺٶٿҲ
ṲļƷ似ҲҪԼᵽֵģΪձӮó۵ؽ
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һŭ˼ֱвʱʲôңѵǻϣձɣ
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733 
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˵ׯ԰ձõ˴ļƷ似
⣬⣬⡭ôܣ
һǧˣԼͬĿͶ˲Զׯ԰ׯ԰Ϊ׵Ǹš

ڻʶʢ֮ǰĻϣׯ԰ǰ٣Ǻֻؾҫ
ȻҫֻڣҲ㹻Ժˡ
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ڣڳۻþУȻձõһ֣ׯ԰Ϊ˳׵׵ĵһ
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еĵһֽûˣ
˵ԭΪû˵õĴļƷ似˸õˣû뵽Ǹ˻
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ׯ԰ûһǿ
ŶиĽޣƺйʲôġֻǸޣƸǻ˲ٴ۵ģһֱׯ԰ɣ
ɺǿгϣΪԷһҲڵĴڣѾ۳˱Դ֮
ǿҲȲϻʾǿߣ
ׯ԰һʾǿ߶ûУҪļƷ似ʲô
ͷ֣ܿ˼ƻȳ֮ҪȥʩѹóļƷ似


734 ֮
;еô룬ׯ԰γۻþĵһɡ
СѣӺˣׯ԰õһĽ
۽ĿͶڴ˫οһ̧֣һȻһģĶԺС
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ŵĻãƾ֮ӵһνۻýĻᣡ
ۻý磬˵ռ⣬̤кô࣬мǿ似ӵЧһ̤Уʵ
ڸĶδõܣӦǸ˲õĶ
Ψлֵһܵõ
лǰ
ЦһЦվų۷ȭϹԱʾ𾴡
ЦŰ˰֡
һʱ䣬ȫĿͶжżΪȵ飬Ƕ֪۸ʲô
᲻ǳԽļ似
Ϲż似
ڱѩʳû֪Ծ˵Ҳ֪ʲôõġ
뵽ĽҲ似ҩ֮ĶˣֻϧõĽԶһ似ҩ
似
ȱ
ҩ
ʮң㹻дļҩȫһˡ
ս
ȱɶȱս
ο۽սսҲܳԽУսڻûʲôġ
ȻֻǸոյ֪ã֪˵Ǽ
ۻý磬еߣ츳ԽߣԽ죬ʱԽá
˵κһ̤ۻý磬֮ʵǷ츲صı仯ۻýĽɲô׵õġ
˳֮⣬ĵҲԷųƣ̤ۻý硣
ۻýԴޣע̫ܹ̤룬ֻоţʸ̤Ун
δ˵ļƷ似֣ׯ԰޸˵Ѿ൱ˡ
ֵڶ޸ǧŰʮ֡濹Ӻˡ
ų̧ͷĿԲԶ濣΢΢һЦһ̧֣һ⻮
ڶȻ濣
һ㾹Ȼû뵽һˣӶᣬһǧֹԼʮһٷֹЧʲס
ʵҪĻһǧֹһٷֹӶᣬһǳ˳ֻϧһ·һһǿߣ˷̫ʱ䡣
ҪǶձɾʧ֮ˡ
Ϲ
濵ȻУƾƣ˽һϹż似
ڶȻͿԵõϹż似
һݣ濵õ˵ڶҪȻĻɾͱѩʳ˸ȥˡ
ɴ˿֪õĳֵһϹż似֮ϣ
ȥĵиȻȵȣԴơ
ȽϲǣˮȻڵҲõ˳ۻֽջȻ൱
ˮڰ⣬һۻþȻҲõ˽ǧ֣˾ʵȷ
Ե˵ͷ
֮ǰļҩ˾㣬պڳۻþǰһȫָӶ˾ˮμӻþᡣ
Ȼ֪ʲôֶΣ˾ȷɱһͷػޣһһǧֹʵѵá
εĳۻþᣬΪֹˣλɵúúŬ
˵⻰Цݵתͷȥȥ
֮ǰۺĶڴͶһζĿ⣬Ȼڳۻþı֣ɹó۶ע⵽
ĵͨΪŴλǿߣжձɲѰܹģ
۵ע⣬Ҳ
ۿų뿪䳡е׼ɢɸȥˡ
濣ǵõдļ似
ס濣ֱӽԼõ似˵˳ļƷ诲ļƷȨǶܣĴļƷ
УȻս似似ǵһμ˵֮󣬱ٶȽ߲٣ܹٶȣ
˵
Щļ似Ҫѧֻܴǿ򣬳Ժͻ˽ʵе似򣬷͵С
޷̻Щ似Ƚһе׼
ׯ԰޸֦ͬõĶȻġ
ҲõһдļƷ似ȭʱҽҲ͵ׯ԰⣬һЩսģߡ
ЦһЦ˵ؿ޸׬أļƷ似ɲʲô˶ܵõġ
ݻ
һ̣Ц˵
ׯ԰޸ջķᣬԴϲ֮⣬˵ȻҲ鼫ѡ
˫Ҫ뿪䳡ʱȴв֮ͷ˹

һȣռĵ˸˱ǰͬʱΧвҲ˹
ˣʨ֮⣬һǿߣҲǽ˰ѩԼˣֻһʼͱиɱˣûܺ档
кָ̣
ô˶ɹסȻ֪߲ƣȴǵһЦֱӳʵ
ۺĻδԶˣʲô顣
뾣һս֮ǰǿйԼ
Ӹµһư֮ɫԼõĴļƷ似ǸգǶһȥݷׯ԰һˣӦõĶ
⻰һԵĽˡʨһʱɢǿƣȻҪʩѹ
ˣȴȫߡ
Լ
ƨԼ
ʱ˹ֱɱׯ԰ˣ˵޶նɱ
Կ϶õ˴ļƷ似Բ濵˹
ڣõ˴ļƷ似ȴԼ
ԼʲôԼ
ȴ۾һЦҵǼǵãѩһԼԼ㲻׿ڷ𣿡
˵ֱת䣺ձǰ㻹뽫ׯ԰޸ɱ˵ʲôԼ
Ǻǡ
⻰ʱЦһЦ̺Ųмǽˣǵңڣ㾹Ҫ
ҵ棬Ҫ޳֮ͽ
˵ţÿɣȻ㲻Լɱׯ԰ˣƾʲôҪļƷ似
СֵܣҷȰһ仰
δٳһԵĽȴҲ˵ļƷ似ǱỤׯ԰Ļǿɲұ֤ʱûׯ԰Ĵڡ
Եв


735 
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ȫ˽˵Ļ˻֣߰ɣЩ޳֮ͽ
˵⻰ֱӴ濡ŵһʮƹˣŵ䳡ȥ
Ȼ˲ӣ
ΪԼ˸þһȫǿ֮ˣţ
ʨһȴû룬˭ȣ
ǼҪļƷ似ѵţԸЩŵļһôŶΪ
޷ļƷ似Ҫˡ
һâһ˦ֱ֣뿪ˡ
ˡʨ˶һۣԵ˵ͷȻҲ뿪˵Ҫһʵ̫ˣ

뿪˵䳡û߼ǰһǰ
С
ͣ½Ųǰµǿߣϲκα顣
ߣ֪ΪΣ
һۣȻ˵ļƷ似ǲׯ԰ɱ治˶ã
ôЩԼµһкô˾͸øأ
ЦˣЦúܻ죺УҪҽļƷ似ԣóȼ۵Ķһңô
һöҹһдļƷ似ǻģȻһöҶи˵ǼĸһдļƷ似ǿ߱øǿ
Ϊ˸һöңǻģԵ˲ŻӦ;кֻϧչһ񣬸˴ļƷ似
֮ǰʹУۼȻ֪ԸǾǣȰ
ԣþóһң
ܣ

ȻɫһѩʳСУû˵Ҿ̸ģһڼۣһöңļƷ似ңҲûʲôʧһöң˵Ѿ׬ˡ
Цˣһöң
濶ʱһУ˵⻰ҪҪȻһ㲻ҪǾԶҪˣ
޳֮ˣ濶ܲסˣ⾣УһǿǰһΪôըˣ
죡˵ķݣ
һۣڵɢ
УѾˣһöңȻ㲻ҪǾˡ
˵ĴڹٲߣҵҪĴ
⻰һɫʱһһϡ
Ǻǿؾڣһָŵ˵
ǰеʵȴȫ
ˣ¶ôˡ
˸˵һ䣬ת뿪
ȷоڸϹú˵˵¶ôˡԾеԸ
ֻǾв뱻Ķϰˣ
ҿԿ϶ׯ԰̫ƽȥ֮󣬶úôҪ
˵
ׯ԰Ĵľӹ̹Ǿϵܺκһӹ̵Ľ
αغ£
ˣȻôˣ
ȻԷ϶жȻҪ׼Էһѵ֪ׯ԰׸ġ
ƺ˳ۣȻԳ˷
ȻΧ˵Ŀ⣬˼Ŀʱ򣬲ɷ׷˽
˴ε˵һνһˣ
εõĽܹʮһö򡭡
ĿЦ棬ʮһöݸȻЩڳۻþеõתΪʵ塣
оͼձĴļƷ似
лǰ
΢΢һЦӹʮһöȻգգۣׯ԰»Щ鷢ǰɷпհǰ
д⡣
ĵ˵ͷһۣ΢΢һЦģֻҪڣû˸Ҷׯ԰ʲôġҵ뿴˭֣
Ҿͷˡ
˵ͷ
˵Ĳׯ԰Ҳ£ҲֻҪκζͻ֪ׯ԰Ƕô޴
Ȼ飬ǾУȻԳ֣ʲôݣ飿
ʱׯ԰ģԻǸԹӶ
ҹׯ԰עһϷ

Ľ޸˶ᵽʮö򷢷ŵУȻȥ
˫õ˴ļƷ似ȭȫԺС
޷ȭΪҪ似Ψн似С
ŶûţЩļ似򣬲κ˶С
ԣЩȫֻжһݣ
ȻۻþܹĳЩ򣬻ݣǿעģҲΨмŴļƷ似ˡ
ȥʱ˻ˮ˾ˡ
˾ԶлȻˮ뿪ˣҪȥˮλʶʢõĶ
ҪĳۻþᣬˮɼȻҲõ˴ļƷ似诲
ˮ˵Ǹʵľ޴
ԭˮУصĴļƷ似ֻУڸƷĸûУһΣֱˮʵ
˵лþߵĳ۽
֪ʲôһдļ似ֱˮӵеĴļ似ˡ
ңۻþ֮󣬱ѩʳڸ϶Ὺʼϴƣڳۻþеõöؽʼ
ҲԴĳЩ;õĴļ似ȵȣȴ϶Ҫһۣڷչٶϣͻˡ
ϣѩʳڽȥڣٷչʱڣۻϣԻʡ
һУĸѩʳģ
ѩʳĵѾһĪĵزǿıѩׯĸҲضƴӣ
ʳɱΪ۹˷ֻܼǲ֪һ̣ʲôʱ٣

ׯ԰С
ֱóʮһöа档
ЩĿǰׯ԰ӵĲƸرдļ似ΨΪׯ԰һ׵ĳԱʸ
ҪȻЩ似ȥ似ʧκһ˵Գܵĺ
ҿԺúףһ£ǻвĿˡ
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ʱ˿̣ׯ԰˶ΪݣڳۻþлõһõļƷ似֤츳
ׯ԰γչ
ҹ
ׯ԰ڶڿ񻶣һˣֳʮһöһͥԺз˽һЩսģҪĸֲϡ
ͬʱڵȣ
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ʮһö𣬷һͨĿռУɫȻ߳ͥԺ
ʱͻȻһӰϮͬҹŸ߳ͥԺͻȻϮ
ͨΪ˵ãǰʩչһΰӰۣ֮ûзڡ
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飡
ӰһȭɳȥͬʱĿռ㱻˶ߡ
޹ŵ
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ǿߵĹ£пܱ𻵸࣬޹ŵʾǿߵĹֵܹסġ
ǺӰһ֣뽫ֱɱģ˾޹ŵУ˻ɱ뷨ֱһܲΪ̣ʧ
ˡ
վ޹ŵ룬۾ӿȣҪ̫ż似Էһܽɱ
Ȼˣҿɵúúûؾһǡ
ţδ޹ŵʧ޹ŵҲƬ֮գصׯ԰Ϸĸ߿֮ϣ
ͬһʱ䣬׼õˣһֱӳ
ɣĦի죡
ڵǿߣʾֻһ֮ʵΪֲĦի죬ȻŸ̤ãȴϢ׷ٺηŶص
˹ɺĦիֱϢ͵ϮĺӰѸ׷ȥ
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͹һ䣬ЧһʩչҪֲöࡣ
ܹӵĦիİɱˮƽһֻϧĦիеͨ似ֲܹġ

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ܿĦի׷ǵӰ뿪ׯ԰ķΧȥ˸ׯ԰ľڡ
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仰£ԶȻһײȻǷսǿȣҲǿ֮ĶԿ
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Ħի첢δ֣ھ͹ɶֲ١
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һȺ֮ǰĵӰȴȻ˰УƮ죬֣ӣ
ˣ˾ûҪˣ˵𣿡
ĵ͸һĨɭ䣬Ȼ˶һԵĽˣ
ûӰֶĵʬ帽鿴ȴûҵҪĶˣǲǺʧ
ĳһƮȻȥڶ仰µʱһִ߶ĵֱӽ˻ҷɣ
󣬹ȻиӰޱ𾪵ġ
ǽˣ
Ĵˣֻǹ˵ģҲµ˻Сֵܶ֡
΢ЩΣȴûôţȻﻹô
𣿡
ĵɭ䣬ǴʶΪֹɭģǰ˵δصĺ
ˣʵʵ˵Ļһῼһ·Ź㣬ֻˮĻѩʳ۹ڼҪţ
˵仰Ѿ˽˵ǰɱȻ
һҡ
ûģɭɢŨɱ⣬оһ̣ľͻὫֱɱ
ʲνã״̬£ûֶܼþֱӱˡ
ĴˣҰһж˵Źˮׯ԰
һҧֱӳ˵ҳڴˣҪǷҪմׯ԰ʮһö򡣳ֵĺˣӶĽǿߣһˣҲ֪˭ģԲ²⣬ضǾйӶǰᡭ
ܺãС
ɭĵ˵ͷˣˣӽҽȡˮׯ԰ׯ԰иҲᱻȫȡޣһ֡ӽְԴţ
£ǽˣĦի졢ɵˣԼմԶׯ԰ˣȫɱĻˡ
ԭһжõģ
ԭˣ벻ǻĵĹߡ
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ѩʳΪ۹
£ѩڶ׷ңĲѪĻѩڶҡ
ۻþ֮ľͲµ϶˻ңҪɱӺԴԼţ
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ڣҪĲֻǱѩ˵ĳݣҪ壡
ֻбѩ˶оη֮ģѩʳڼΪıѩ۹ŻõĹʼٷչ
ܲң;ΪĶǺӣ㷢ˣҲ϶طǡǣȴȫˡ
ǼĴۣׯ԰иȫȡޣȻûɱˣ´ΣľͻţȻ˵˵ġ
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737 
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䱻ȡ޵ԭͼׯ԰֣ȡۻþеսƷ˳ġ
еĳǣڻʾǿ߶ȥ飬ȴܸıĵľġ
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˶֪ڳۻþжõһ϶ׯ԰
ӶвǰҪׯ԰޸ԴˣȻϲּ
ׯ԰ʵȽȻԴṩԱϣҪׯ԰ȫչȻкܳһʱ䡣
ĽЩ˶յĻׯ԰ʵǳԣҪ֪дļƷ似ԵʣһЩǿߣ׷Ҫׯ԰
һʱ֮䣬ׯ԰ΪѩʳĻ⡣
̫ˣֵܼȻѡǱׯ԰ԪϻԱˡ
һЦ
һ磬ĸոȡ޵ׯ԰ɽСӵˣǰԸׯ԰
ڵׯ԰ǿ߶ûУйĻҲܷĺܶ࣬Ҫ֪һֱׯ԰ڡ
ʵҪõ㹻ľ壬ԱǰϣЩ޾ۼĵطԴȪ֮ء
ڵĻûǿ򣬺пܾͳˡ
˹ɣͷĶˡ
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ׯ԰˵飬ȫȨֻǸһָʾҪҳ϶ΪһǰᣬԲ˵ʱҪ࿼ҳϷĶ
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ׯ԰ôиͷ
οѧļƷ似Ҳٴļ似ҪĹףҪҪͺܶࡣ
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ټϣׯ԰޸ϣ˫ӵеĵսģߡļ似ȫһģ˫ԱԴøӷḻ
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ׯ԰޸ѩʳ֮ڣһٷչʱڣʵٶȱǰࡣ

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ƶ˵޵УԥĽϵвƲ˹
һֱû¶κţڣƶ˵۹ȴˣ
ŵӱػɣɢŻʾϢӣⲽĳƶ˵ӵģ࣬ʱжɱ
ǶȻһ˵Ӱ
۾ǿߣ
ƶ˵ۣ


738 Ϊӱ
ƶ˵ޱΰӰǰ֮ʱׯ԰˶ۼȴûһ˸ҿġ
ʾǿߴͷһһҳǰʾǿһϢֲĴڡ
ȻûԷȴһ˲ȷ˶Էݡƶ˵۹֮ƶ˵ۣ
Ϊɢŵ۾ǿϢǿߣò֮ǰƶ˵˶٣ƶ˵ӳ֮󣬾⸱ģ

һʾǿĿгɱ⣺㾹ɱҵܵܣͼ࣬벻ᱻҳɣ
ϻСɱܣϧ֡
һʾ국˵γȻͶɢ޾ƣжȫȲϵ
ʾ
߳һؾ磬ǾѾ˵رˣȻ߾סԷһУĵͨ
ʾĹȴһȫûܷӦһ㣬Уȴվһ˿ζĹâ
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ҲʲôĻʾֱӱһɾ赲Ȼ˶ɿȥˤ˵ϣ
ʲôˣ
ǻʾɫһ䣬̧ͷĳʵ
ܵҵĵҪˣȴҪ˭㲻ã̫ЦЩƾף
һͻȻ֣Ȼĵ
֮ȫΪ֪Ŀ϶Ա߿ţȻƶ˵۹ǰԼĵҰ
ѩʳΪĶΪ۹
£ĳҪţҪǿƣܹΪ۹ĳû
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ĵȻӰǰׯ԰˷׷׻
˵ƾףҲֵ꣬ɫһӱúܲȻ֪ĵ츳ڵԼȫĵĶ֡
ڡڳͻƵ۾ûͻƣҲӵжԿһ۾ǿߵǿʵ
Ҳ˵ƶ˵ԳһѹƵסģ
ƶ˵ۣƾףƳˮǴ˴ƶ˵۹ˣΪӱ飬ǵȻ֮֡
ƶ˵۵ĴӣƾףƳˮڶǻʾǿߣȻҪ츳ȴĲ˲ֹһ
֮ǰǰƶ˵ӣƶ˵۵ӡ
Ϊӱÿ
ƶ˵ɫ˵ȻҲֱ̫ӸĶϣܹģҲ̫Ķְ
Ҫ֪ĵʦǳۣ
֪ʲôʱʦۣǰõĻʶʢᣬѩʳȻĵݣ۵ĵ״ӡ
ݣƾƶ˵ôǣ
οʵսƶ˵۶δĵĶ֣Ͼ츳ߣٶȼ죬û֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪ľʲôĵز
Ϊӱ𣿡
۾ζ˵ô֪ʲôʱɱĶӣ
ǰǱѩʳμӺ֮ᣬȻȴҲûл˵ɱӣҶϵı
ƶ˵һ˵ɨһɱʵʣɼҪûڳ˲֪ٴˡ
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ĵ˵ҼǵǸʱ׼뿪ѩʳͨؾṳ̂룬ȴ˵Ǹʱɱؾڵӣ
ߣӣƶˣֶܱ֤ûɱӣ
ƶ˵˵
ƾʲô˵ɱӣ֤𣿡
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УһϹżսǱѩʳĻʶʢϴʡ
ƶ˵г˵Ҳ֪ϹżսɲǴײˣպãҲһϹżսһһذף
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ԣһЦˣȻȫĵԼǰ
ȡתȦӵǰսʲôģϹżƷƷƷ
һۿеУƶ˵۶ʱЩȣƾסƳˮЩ͡սܵǰѲ԰׺а
ܵս԰׺УͨɫϹżƷܸˡ
еѣϹżƷ⿴Ϣܹܵˣͨɫܵǰѡ
ôϴˣ
ƶ˵˵ı飬ĵȻһЦ
˸֪ǣڻʶʢϣóϹżذսʶΪӵһѡ
ƶ˵ɫ΢䣬ͻȻüΪ½⣬мڰݺСֵܣɷҲ
ȻŪһᣬǾûҪˡ
İ˰֣ƶ˵ۣȻˣȻҪ֮꣬һ¸ºλӡ
˵˵̫ˡ
ƶ˵ۺǺһЦһ֮󣬱ڶȥƾ׺ƳˮҲһȥ
֮ǰĿһۣһ
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ĵп˲ٶ
ƶ˵ô׾ͱˣ
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Ȼƶ˵۹Զƶ˵۾Ͳ뿪ȻˣһҪΪӱģֻڳ֤ȷҲֱӶ֡
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ոóȫֻҪһƶ˵ۣұԼףȴû뵽ƶ˵۽ⷢӣֱ̨ףˡ
׾ҵĽͣ𣿡
۾ƶ˵ۿһ۾ǿߣ
ĵ棬ǻǲôģҪڰж֣Ķֹˡ
Ȼģôÿʱÿţ
ߡ
ܿ׼뿪˳Ѱľ壬պóᣬԶһƶ˵ۡ
ƶ˵ۼȻðŵĵķȻ˲֤ݵġ
Щ֤ݣ㹻ţӵѲ˹ϵ
ʱߣʱ
ҪƤߣǿ϶ûˣ˵ôó
Ժһö֮Ȼˣǰˣһۻýɣϣܹвջ񡣡
ֱ۳һĹŲӰׯ԰˶ĿԼǻӻֱ֣Ӵ߶߿޹ŵʼ
޹ŵһ޸濿϶͸оˣҲ˵ˣƶ˵鷳飬Բδֹ޹ŵ
Ҫ˵ƶ˵֮濶еϵһߣȻƶ˵۵עߡ
һҪСİʱ޸ׯ԰϶Ѿˡ
ңң޹ŵߵķЩᡣ

ڵһĵ۾ǿߣͻȻׯ԰Һ俪ĻĹŲӰڵͥԺֱӽͥԺûҷ
Ȼ۾ǿȴɱֻĻĹŲӰʱ󾪡
ﾹȻѾˣ


739 ң
ׯ԰ɱĵ۾ǿߣƶ˵۱ˣƶ˵۹һǿߣ£һ첨֣޷Ŀ
һɱĻĹŲӰ֮۾ǿߵһʱӶݣȻȻֻһȴԱ¶ĴڣǱĴסǿɾͳԲ˶ˣ
ԣ۾ǿ߲ҾֱԶ롣
ʱƶ˵ۡƾסƳˮ˽磬ܵһĲ̾ɫһ䡣
ׯ԰ˡ
ζĿһƶ˵ۣұѩʳڣвС֮гһգ̤۾ӵ֮ҪǺ˸ڴҡ
Ǻǣֻϧׯ԰ûʲôϵȴǲܰһˡ
ƶ˵ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ʵϣ˭֪϶ƶ˵۵ڶ֣Ȼ֤أ
ֵǵ۾ǿߣȻսѰ۾ǿߣ£ǵ۾ǿһԶݣȻҲ׷ϣҪ֪Ĳû򵽿ռĵ
̤۾֮ݡٶȣҲҪһʱ̤۾ʱ򣬽մɱֺۼΣҪݳ˭ֵѶȣޱȿֲ
Ҫ֪ƶ˵Լ޷ݳһ֮ǰ飡
ݴ֮ǰԼӵƶ˵۶ķ˶ʱ䣬˱ѩʳĳЩϢյóֺйصĽۡ
ƶ˵۸º鷳ԭǣƶ˵ԼҲҪͻˣ
۾ǿߣͬΪڡںͺ׶Σƶ˵ֻǵ۾ڣһͻƵ۾ڣʵȻƶ˵۹ʵ
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Ķǣû취ٶֻ֣˳ˡϵ¸ǳɣȻص۹ñƳʲô
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ƶ˵ȴҡͷƾ˵ڵĹؼǣСӲ֪ܵʲôطȥˣȥ׷Ļ̫˷ʱˣǽ¸ȥɡΪ˱㵹ǿԸǺͷķﵽͨؾСӶٳҲ١
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ƾ׵˵ͷԸ׵Ļƴӡ
һתƾֱʧҲżΪ˵ֶΣ

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Ȼ޹ŵգȴǼΪֲУڸ߿ռɶȥǻʾǿ߾ܲõĴڡ
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۾ǿߣôҲ̫ܳƶ˵۾Ȼҹ϶ΪڱѩʳӦ
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뵽֮ǰǱׯһĻ

Ǹ֪ƶ˵ۣɱӵô
͸ɱ⣺ԣǷ˲ֻȵʱұƶ˵Ūˣ˿ɾһʹˣǺƣ
Ҫ֪ƾһȷڱ󵷹»ýǱׯһѻյɣ
ֻΪ˽ʡöңȻ˴
Ȼ֪˭ڱ󵷹Ȼ׷Źǡ
ε޹ŵյͣھ뱱ѩʶ֮ңһɽϿգľ룬޹ŵֻСҹʱ͵ˡ
룬ҿ϶϶˹׷ɱƶ˵ۣ϶ĿεģڳԸ
ûе۾ǿ֣߳Ǿ԰ȫģ򲻹Ҳֱܣ
һ˵˵۾ǿߣҲһѰĵ۾ǿߣеƵġ
֮۳ȫȻ󷢶޹ŵĿռ䷨˲Ϣռĵĵ۾ǿߣ׷ϡ
ڵ޹ŵ΢ָһЩպÿԴ߶һοռ䷨ֶɱ֮ľû취ʩչˡ
޹ŵ̫Ƶѳ׻ָܹ߶һοռ䷨Ѿ伫ˡ
ӵеƵ˵ռ䷨ֻҪһξ㹻ˡ
һΣܿԽľ룬ڵ۾ǿ˵Ҫʱ׷ôܻöԷҵ
ʱպͣھ뱱ѩʶһϿգպѩ
ѩ𿤵ڻʶʢʱͱݺݴѩīֱӷˡ
˵пܽκãҲضҪΪĴۣѩ˶ʹ޿֪
δ֣˿ڵɽȣһѩȣȽʺϲӦû顣
ˣҲ¶ĿǿԾɱ¾һӶԴ
͸һĨ˷֮ɫ
ɱ˶ᱦˣڣǰȥɱˣڵ
ǶԷԼ͹ֲˣ
ôվռһ֣ʲôõӡ
Ҫɱ͵÷ɱֶΣߵĹʶûκܹԡ
ȵ°ҹʱûһȺѩʿӲԶѩȡ
˵ˣӶ㣬ֻҪСӵټǿɾͷˣ
һϸ㣬ҪŹκοɺۼǿǳԲ˶ߡ
һȺֵķɹʱʱһ·ıѩȣԽԽڵĵط
һȺͨؾûУԷڵ̺ʽɳͦ˰
۾ȸһƱ
Ū㶯Ĵˡ
ҪֵĿ꣬ڵ߰
ҲֻдڵϣܹõмֵԴˡ
һˣ뿪޹ŵһȺѩǰ¶õЦݣλң
ѩʮ˶ʱһȻû˵ӭǵľ籩Ĺû֣
ʱ䣬ЩȫΣȻս޹ŵнзӡ׼ʱսԼУǿĽ֮
ߵĶѾȥˡ
ܿ죬ͻӭһһĹпֱսʤĶ֣ʾǿߡѩ
Ƿӣ㹻ɶ֣


740 ҫ
ѩ峤ѩ㹻ȸϹɱڷӡһȺʮͨؾѩ֮󣬲δͣԭأ΢ԱŲǧɵλá
Ҫܿ
Ȼǻʾǿߣֻڵʵڵ˵Ȼ޷Կǿڡ
ֻǳһμһξ룬ȻһڵӣһȺͨؾ޳Ŷֵĵطȥ
ɼոյĵһƱѾѩ˲ˣν
ڣպܹԸļ𣬼ȻԷɱôͲҪĺˡ
ײ
ͨԴʯ޹ŵ޹ŵǰʮֱײ˹ȥޱȼӲ޹ŵǽֱײڵϣײ˳ȥ
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߶Դʯֱӽǿߵʬս޹ŵЩͨؾߡ
δЩͨؾ޹ŵлεʩչ޹ŵĻȻֱӷӡǣֻţ֮Щˣ޹ŵУЩҲʲôвǿԻֻкСһΧ
ȻһңһʵͰ
۾鿴һǿߵĿռָ൱⣬ߣֵѾˣڽ֮У˾Ǯġ
οռָлŸ켶ؼҩ˵ҩҲٲҩ˵ûʲôôһǼֵǧöҵġ
սĻǴһϾջ񲻷ˡ
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ҪѸ磬ӵ㹻Դرǵҩ˵У϶ûĴļҩ
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İɣȫԲѴ֮ĳ𣬾ԿԱˣ
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ӳۻþ֮ҫԼ޷Լ޴ˣ˵Ϊ¶ݺݵһ٣С⻹һ
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Ȼ仰δ˵꣬ͿΧмġ΢΢һ̣һֲϱ
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׼ȷ˵ĻĹŲӰԱˣȻֻǻĹŲӰԱҲԲݺӣ˲ĵΧһȺ˶ըɿȥ
ǿҫȻûʲôˣҫͲһļµĸоƺʲôΣռ١
飡
ûĻĹŲӰԱзӦε޹ŵѾҫͷϣ
һңֱӽҫҳѪһʱ仯Ϊ壬Ȼһսĵϡ
ͨսװ
ȻûװϣĹһν١

ƣɱ
ıʩչƾͲˡ
͵ͬһת磬һֲɱҫ
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߶Ȼ£Ȼһ̣һΰӰʱҫͷ̧һֱֲֻۣɢֻֽƵס
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ֻΰӰһȻʵǿöࡣ
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ȷҫԸжôĶ֪Ҳпԭ
˵Щ鷳ˡ
ڵļһɲǶְ


741 վҪ
ҫֳȻʮ꣬츳ӹɡ
ҫ֮ǰǴμӻʶʢҪѡŴΣܹΪնǰ٣νսպա
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üͷ΢壺ǴļƷս˹Ϊá
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һһɫ⣬Ȼ޹ŵԶݵķϮȥֲգ·Ҫ޹ŵ˺飡
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ģվҪ
һݣֱӳѾ˵ҫڴȥʱ˿̣Ȼ޹ŵУʩչֶΣһ
Ϊ޹ŵ׷ȥȴû뵽ԭܵҫ

֣һֻʱҫֱҪ
һﱻһ֮ˣʩıڽС˳ȻȺеһٳֽɱ
ֶΣҫǲŻԸ
д̫ӳ֣Сӿˡ
ҫԣ޸濵䳰ȷͬɣҲ˿
ò˵𣬸ͬɴ˼ѹرȡׯ԰иʱ򣬸ͬ𾪴ﵽ˶㡣
û뵽ܹӵʵΪ˳ۻþĵһõ˳۴˵Կ佱
ҪɳĻǻ˵ãͬǳ˸Сˣ
Ĳ˵ͬɴ޸߶ʮˣЩ˿ɶǱƭģһ뿪޸Ͳٻȥˡ
ѣ̵
һ޸ʵȻʱͬɿɾͳԲ˶ߣµǵɳһ̶ȵĻȻѹס
Һãд̫ӳ֣һʧˣ
ͬ׺֮ɫһ
ƺˣ˭޹ŵдսջʳӣӶȡ޹ŵĿȨջʳ
Ȼ㵱ͬûӳջʳ˵ԸҲ϶Ͷջʳ
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ͬСĶҫһ䣬óҫͦأ仯Ϊˣض˲ᡣ
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ǡ
ҫȻһЦʵҲֶ̫ùˣ͵Ϯ͵Ϯʲôֶβɣ
Ҫǹսҫضֱܽնɱ
Ȼȴ룬ʲôΪʲôΪ
Сˣƶ˵ۣƶ˵ָҪҪȻ䵽̫ضãܣܾ˼ʹ
ҫɭɭȻ˵
û仰˵꣬һͻ⻮գĲͷ
ۣ
ռ䴩͸
ֱӴ͸Ĳ˳ּȡΧߣҫԼڵӡǡ
˸ӡͬʱ߶걬
걬ҫըԴӶ໥룬ոջڷŴ󻰵̫ҫ⣡
ڣһн
Ȼ̫ҫ֮ǰѾ޹ŵײˣټû뵽͵Ϯ֮¸ûκη֮ġ
׷ɱ
ΪʲôһͻȻ
ҫ֮ǰԺоֻʣôһ⣬Ȼô붼벻ˣҽ󶼲ˡΪѾˡ
ͻıʣҫԵͬɶʱסˡ
ô£
ҫɱˣ
ΪʱҫǷǳǿģͬߵͨΪȫһлɱҫı塣
ڣͬɵǰҫȴһɱ
֮ӹɣȻֻһˣ
ǿռ䴩͸걬ֶΣͬɿͼܶˣ̫ҫɱͬȫð亹
군ˣ
Ȼ֪ͻȻߣҫ͵ϮģڵʵǣҫѾˡ
УͬɵҲ϶ҫȥᡣ
˭·ʱֻͬһҫأ
ӴȻܣ
ЦͬɵĶŵһ£ͷ·ڴһ㣬˿־壡
ߣߣɱң
еĿ־壬˲ͬ˾ӣ
ǱɱǱҫ̫ˣʲô·
Ȼβҫ֮ȻҪ˸ġ

ȻܣճŭıضͬЩСϺǣҪ˵ͬˣޣСۼҫҲᱻ𡭡
ҫһӰ
һҲӣڡɱһ
ֻϧЦʱͬɾѾעܲˡ
Ϣ
һϢһڹ⻪Ȼʱתȥͬɳû
̫ӵղأӦòٰɣ
һȡҫϵһռеӡǣȻ̽һйȻöҡ
ôĸ֮ӣҫղصĺö٣Ȼ޷ƶ˵ȣռеĶֵܼҲƶ˵ЩԴһˡ
ҩս似ȵȣͬƷԴһټֵöҡ
лһö򣬼һŴļƷ似
൱ˣ


742 Ǭ
ҫϵжպãȻһٴʧ
ҫԵģͬڣǴ޸ѵţûһĶ֣նɱ
ţҲҪ˭ȵģ˵Щ޿һ⣬ŵѩʳȫ㲻ʲô˵ȡ
Щһ޸ҲˣŴε޸濡Ԫ׽䳰ȷ˴λҫһ׷ɱ
ɱЩˣûκΣ

ʱһȴԶһͷɫƺкȻܳҫĸΪɱ˹
ȻǸܵ˵ܵҫ֮ŷһȻȴѾˣֻܵȡռһŭա
Ȼʩչֶκûӡǵ޷˺δȥ
סҫǶϳصʬ壬ȫֲ
ոռΪŵ׷Լµӡǣȴֻµ壬޹ŵͲܹ俪ģһӸоԾæϻȴѾˣֻܼԼܵܵʬ塭
Ͻ롣
һӰݣȸ֮衢诲ֶٶȻص޹ŵ֮С
Ȼ߶Դʯת޹ŵеĿռ䷨ʹ޹ŵһ˲˳ȥ
޹ŵĿռ䷨ȫ߶Էɳһľ룡
ξ룬Ѱĵ۾ǿ߶Ҫһʱ׷ϣʱضѾʧ
֮ǰˣڣѾõ˺ôȻ¶κˣѸ뿪ѩʳ
ڵıѩʳҪ˿ǲ٣ṳ֮̂ǰѩʳ˵Ǹ׵أĵıӻҲһ
οϣһֱĵıӻ֮У֮ׯ԰ô죬ͲҪˡ
ׯ԰ڱѩʳģ˭Ҷׯ԰ǾǺͱѩʳΪУΪС
ѩʳΪ۹ڹϣ˭᲻۵ȥģܱ߹ȰͽĻܶׯ԰֣
ȻЩгƽׯ԰µģǶЩС鷳ûҪģ˳ۻþһµĻׯ԰ķչǰδеѸ١
´λʱׯ԰϶Ѿ˰ɡ
ţ΢΢һЦȻ۾ԼѾѩһϿա
޹ŵȻ߼ǰУٶȿɱ۶ҪϺüٶȥֻҪ죬ܹ뿪ѩʳķΧˡ
ʱڣʱָ߶ȵľ裡
˵Ѱ߲׷˵ʲô̥أңֻҪ˿ռߣڸ·涼ڳˣûôױ˦
һҲͣЪĳǰ֮ǰ취޹ŵϱŵɢ
ڵǿߣһͨ˵ȻǺѽȥģеĻͲһˡ
бӵмȡݻߵӡǵĹܣʱţ취ҲһģϹżƷսں˾۵һܹ䳹׿Ļ˵Ǹ
˰ʱʱ䣬޹ŵϵˣȻ̵˷еķ򣬳
ʱʱڣܹоںǰ
̸֮ı䷽򣬶ԷͲ׷ˡҪΧ
ƾ޹ŵǿ͸ñ˸ץס
Ҫǣǽһѩʳ۾ǿ߶ҪȫǰʮܾɼƬ֮嫹
˷֮ǰƺʯ֮ˡ
ڵ޹ŵ߸ƲмɣĿ͸޹ŵԶʯ֮򣬾ǺԴȪ֮һ޳û֮أǱѩʳڵ޾ۼ֮һ
ҲãȻˣȥʯ֮пϣջ񣬵ȻҪıһòʯ֮һУӦòᵢ鳬ʱ䣬Щˣ϶벻һǰʯ֮򣬾Ѳ飬ѲҲ̫󣬺
ǰһԼһƻ
ԴȪ֮صʱõʮöľ壬ӶԾĵɡ
һջܹһԽȫ

޹ŵţ߶޹ŵת֮һˡ
Ȼ֪δŵƬѵģսĿռ
ȸ޹ŵϵ֪ǰһ뿪ĵطǰС
ˣֱӾŭ¸ȵȣһ볯ڴƺƵ׷ɱ
ڣˣ
Լµ֮䣬ϵˣҲͱһΧ֮ʧȥ٣ҪץסԷǧѡ
ӾȻӵпռ䴫ֶΣȴѩϿ£Ҫһ
ŭڣһӣΪû취ҵռսǬͼ
һŻս̯֮У羰ޱռ໥һ̣ǰİУӳһû
ߣʧλá
һ̤ûʧ
ߣȫҪնɱ
ˣڣߣ̤û׼׷ɱ
ҫˣ˱ˣɱҫߣⲻǰ
浱Ƿϵģ
ǬڼǻʾǿߣĿռսǴļƷƾʾΪܹƾսԽһľ롣
ҲȥĻǧҪ֣ٶȻɱ
¸һȺҲ׷̤ûǰ׷ɱ¸ѣ£¸ȻҪһæġ
οڳۻþУܣʹ¸ɼúܲǰʮ⣬۽ûõ
һ¸˶ʹ޳̶ȿ֪
¸ѩĸ֮ȻӢǰ׷ɱһ꣬˵ȥЦ
Ȼ˭֪أ
֪ˣҲȨֹ¸˶ˣԭڡҫˡ
˵ǣɱҫǲųǬ׼һҲ޷˵ʲô
Ǻǿܲɱ֮𶼲ܱɣ
ƶ˵ˣһȴǱѩʳ֮һҪֹȥ»˺ģ
¸֮뿪֮һΪεΣ˸߿ƲУ߷һС
ǷﰡСӸˡ
˵ૣȻƶ˵۹ƶ˵۴ӣƾף
Ϊʾǿߣռոǳ֣ôҲܸӶݴһЩ谭
ͷƾǲ׳ֵģǵģ
ļ̤۾ԶԶһĵ۾ƾ׵ĸףƶ˵۶ŭĵ飡


743 ʯ֮
ƾ׵ΪֻҪں׼ˡ
Ͼ¸ǿУһʾǿߣҪŪĻǲҪƾ׳ֵġ
Ҫʾǿ߶ûãôƾ׳Ҳһ
˵ͻƿռӶݣƾҲȫ׷ϣӰѯġ
һƾ״Ӹ߿ƲֱʧѸٸȥ

ʱǰʯ֮;У֪¸˫ѾͨǬ׷
ȻԷ׷Ҳûá
˭֪ıˣҪŲͬ׷ۡ׷ٵһΪˣһÿ򶥶Ҳһѡ
˵ֻҪǻʾǿ֣߳ûκΣտԣʾǿˣ޹ŵĻҲܱԷ֡
ϣʼתĵط֮¸һΪˣ˷ɢȥ
ʯ֮׷һڵǿߣȻҪǰʯ֮򣬱Ͼǵط̫Σˣǿߣʯ֮
ʯ֮ĻҪ¸֣ܾܿͻƫƫˣȥʯ֮
׷ɱһѰˣƾ¸ʵֱѩʳڷͨ㹻ˣҪԳ֣
ǣ׷ɱȴ˵ڲ𣬵Ҳ÷ŵ̨ϣ㷢ͨ˭Ҷ֣
ϻţѩʳһ˳Щ޶𾪵ġ
ǰʯ֮ˡ
ǰܿǰҰΧڣһϸʯֱγһƬΪҵĵ
ʯ֮ĵԵʣΧûԴȪĴ޾ۼأֻΧСͳǳأ޷ɢСͳǳн
ʯ֮У˵ֵһʯޣձ˵Ӧþʹ˵ġ塱ˡ
ʹӰ޵Ҫһ飬֪˲Ѱ˲֪ĶرǹЩ޸Եȵȡ
ޣڣ㲢֪幹Ρ
ޣͷβнţնͷ­ͱɣѩޣҲͷβ壬նͷ­
磬޺޲棬˵޿ԷڵΪҲһ
˵Լ޺޸໥ɱֻ˹ܲŵĵطξͲö֪ˡ
޶Ӧģޣȴȫ֣ͬ
ľޣȫһЩγɵûжоĻ֪Ĺؼλʲôط
壬һö˭֪Ҫģ
ʹĽ֮󣬶۵жԵǼ壬㹻˽⣬ܶʱܹøСȥɱĿꡣ
ʯ֮У޶һԲ״սʱܹΣ䴦Բ״ʱǿķ̬ܹܼ
ʲôֶÿһͷ޶һˡ
޹ŵڸ߿գȻ䵽ʯ֮һСͳǳϰ£һŹߡ
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СͳǳһδʲôԼûзùҩЩʧҪõҩΪֻǰڵˡ
ʯ֮򡣡
˾뿪СͳУʯ֮
;˶ͶֵĿ⣬СӲĵͨȻҶǰʯ֮Ҫ֪ʯ֮ڿǿ߶пĵط
ʯ֮ڣޣһЩɴŻʯ֮ڴУѩʳľҲ޷Χˣһֱʯ֮Уٽʯ֮ޡ
λСֵܣһ𣿲ǵĶ飬һжΣ
̤ʯ֮ʱԱһЩϵ˹ע
һСӣΪ׵ߵͨʵƺĶ顣
һĵͨСӣʲôã
ԣӣһ׳˶һۣΪм˵
ͨΪСʵߡ
˵쫷ûƵܶһжǶһж׵
üͷ΢壬Ϊǵ˵
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СӣɣСɱãƽ֣ġ
ٴζһ䡣
վ˽Ųһ˼˵ͷЩɳƵðɣҼ롣
жĻܱܿ׷˶ϣҪǺһжע⵽ĸʾͻСöࡣ
ˣˣСӣҪĲֻ࣬Ҫսʱǵ㹻ˣ֮ɱûķ֮һġ
߶Ц˵꣬Ȼһ֣˳ʯ֮ڽ
ʯ֮ڴΪƵСӽҰΧھǧٸ֮࣬ߵκ˵ע⡣
ɱޣջ޾壬еָĳЩƷ޾֮󣬻ʵϵ
Ҫܹõ޾壬ǿɾǷˡ
ڵС˵ɱޣֻȥԸһЩͨޡ
޾壬ȽϳĻָĶرЩ޾崢սҵʱͻóá
ȻǰɱޣǴӽϹ
Ľޣõ޾壬óȥٻԼõģ޾֮õǮܹҩսԼʵ
򵥵˵ЩֻڻǮˡ
˵Ŀȴпܴڵľ壬ͨ޾壬˵ûʲôá
Լã
ĲԵģá
Ǯ
ʲﵽʮöңҪЩ۵޾Ǯ
ߵͨߣԼͨͦɵģսҲҪ롣
ֻҪߣǰ뵽ʯ֮аˣ˻ȥʱٶǰС
ʯ֮Уʱ̶п֣ܳ쫷ûƵ
ǰͷޣߵͨѲ߶飬һһͷٽ
ܿ죬˽ʯ֮ʮͱȽټ޵Ӱˣ޵ѲСҲʼ֡
ͷߵͨޣܵѹƣʵǿܹɽ
ͷ޼ߵֱ֮תܣֻϧѾӦһ̧֣ȶ۳һƬ׵ϣͷ޵ȥ·


744 
סͷ֮ͷ޷ߣֻƴһս
ֻϧУκ޵ʵѹƵļΪӲܿͱ˳ѹס
ټӰѾ
һȣ׹˸Ϻϣͷȫһţ޷ֵסֲ׹ͨԭҺɫıЩ
һֱԱ߹۲죬δսһսۼʶ޵սʽԭԲ״ÿһֶӲΪǳޣȻ󳤽ͬʱӲֲͬ֡
Щ޵ķǼǿģͬΪߵͨߣѾ䳹ѹסˣҪɱҪܳһʱ䡣
գҪʲô飬ֻҪԱ߸˾ˣ˳Ҳ۲һЩ޵սʽ
ŹСʱ˲Ž˸ԵĶ֣ͷ޺ɱҴеõö޾壬۴ſԵõʮöҡ
ʮöңѾǲˣҪ֪ǽöѩңڱѩʳѾһЩؼҩˡ
ȻǿСǮġ
ǰɣϣջܶһЩ
֣߳ʾ˼·
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ӱҭ˻鼫Ϊһۣһ͸氲ˡ
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Ȼʵϣȴɫƽ糣ûϣʮöң⣿
ܺһȥض֮ѡС
˼ǰУһɱ¾֮󣬰ϵ˶ս״̬ʱ׼ӭпս
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ͷߵͨ޵Ļ˻ǿԸһ˵ڱȽڲѲСӲͷߵͨһͷߵͨһЩͨޡ
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޷ǳ֮ǰԴȪ֮ʱһͷûľ層ͷ۾ޣһͷޣǲεĴڶ˵̫ǿˣܴ⡣
벻ʯ֮򣬾Ȼһͷޡ
һͷɫޣΪߵͨԱͷڵƾǵʵԵ֡
ص˵ҪֵĻ˽ͷڵҪȻֻܷˡ
˵仰ʱӷ׷׽ĿͶ
ޣСȥˣҪһԿҲ̫ˣ
׳˶˵
ƨ
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޷ȥɡ
ʱȴ˵ͷޣҸߣٶȻɱͷޡ
⡭
Щ죬벻Ȼȥ䵱ն
̫ˣҾеСӡ
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Ҫȥͷޣô׵飬ƾСӲĵͨΪˣκλ·
׳˶ʲôϵֻҪϰٶɱͷޣõͷ޵ľ壬ȥ׬ˣ
Сӣɵˣ޿ɲǶϷп˵ء
ص˵
İɣзִ磬ϲصҡ
һЦ˰֣ʯⲽȥȥˣ׼ְɡ
˵ͷڵޣûʲôѶȣο֪޵
пռ䴩͸ĴɱԸͷڵޣѵ򵥣
ж
ڰ˸ԸӵĿУ뿪ǲʯѣֱӳǰͷϢɱȥ
ռ䴩͸
һֱ̧֣նȥĿͷͷɫޣ
ѰޣɫǻҺɫģȻͷߵͨޱȴȫɫģһڲͬ
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һȴԷͷڵ޵һʱ䷴ӦԲһǽסĿռ䴩͸
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һУͻͷ޵ķ
˵ǶԷִ֮ķܹһѾ˲ˡȻͷڵ޷ӦҲǳ죬Ҫ֪̫ҫϿռ䴩͸һпȫûʱ䷴Ӧġ
ˣ
ͷ޶ʱڴϮȻǴϲΣգԲһеҪ
һƵߵĹ֮ͬͷ޾ֲ֪а취ɱ
ͷޣǻһԲ״׼ǿ뿪ʱˡ
ܴҲ֪˽ǿĿ
ɣ
һһӰʩչγź󷽷ɶݿȥת˲Զɾ롣
ͷ޲ʾԪȻ仯Ϊ͵Ȼ׷ɱܿԭʧˡ
ûᣬ춯֣
һԵ׳˶ͺһᣬǾͱ޵ˣ
ȻܵڿɲǵĵʱҲΨȥɱͷˣٶȻɱ޳µʱܽͷ޸ء
룬Ҳְֻ취ܾˡ
ɱ
ѸٸգԲĻɫɱ˹ȥ׵ġĺͺĸ籡Ȼͷ֡


745 ط
ͷڵޣв˼ʲô
޲ûǻۣͷ޵ְǱͷ޵Ļ׾ͱߡֻһܣǾǣͷ޵ʵͷڵ֮£
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ͷ޵ʱ򣬵ûôֻ࣬ЩǰĶˡ
û뵽Ȼ顣
ΣȻͷˣȻҪɵ
⣡
ﵽ˴ɾľȻɢγһƬŨͷڣŨ˸Ѿʼٳɱ
ھĹϵͷ޵ĸ֪üվĴڣĽ֮֮Ӳĸƻ
һһķɳ裬ΧɢȻҪȫɢļ
Ҫ֪ľ⣬ɾ֮󣬾ͱȹ࣬Ȼҫ֣ԽɢȥȻͷڵ޺仺Ƶ
ȻͷƵ˾⣬ҲûҪʯ֮ȥˡ
ռ䴩͸
ռ䴩͸
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Ȼ걬ĴȲռ䴩͸ʤƻǿʺԸ޵ķϡ
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һɱ
ѾһͷʣһͷͺðˣһоϢٴϣռ䴩͸һ£ֱӽʣͷŪ
ڵޣܵѹƣɲ˵˵ģĸֹڵߣһܹһƵȻһʱͨдɱ
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ʹ֪ûطĴУУҲ̫ࡣ
Ҫ֪ǵľֻۣطѾսǿ
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ŽƤëṳ̂һأѾǿĸ֪ܹٶҳ޵㣬ʾһط档
յĻ㲻
ɱͷ֮ʹЦУֻҪƿ˳һأھͻһЩ⾭ҪطֻҪעЩСطҪ
⾭
üͷ΢壬ȴδ룬ôûǸ˼ȥطΪƿزֱսֻǿĸ֪
ԴΪĻμۻʸûС
ȻطһƣǺѱ˲ƣܷƣֻҪлĻԲơ
ͷ޽ٶظȥǰĳȴ𾪡
ͷɫǰսĲֻаϵˣѾʮһ֮࣡
ʮһߵ֣ͨͨΧͷɫޣȻˣͷ޶û·磬Ѿʬ塣
Ҳ˵ԭܹʮΧޣѾ
ǣ߱սƺѾԶѲСˡ

һߵͨĴһߺֱ뿪ʱֻʣ˰ϣԼ氲ϵӡ
ðɫ䡣
쫷һС죬ͻҪͷޣȻȴ־ս£ۿѲСӾۼֱܡ
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պôֱֶʩչͷɫ޺ɱȥƿصЧȻǣȻûҳͷ޵ڣ
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пһʱһϣǿޣҪˣ
٣ĻϺһ¡
ţûκԥģӾȻô˻ֱתܣȫûĺ
ԶѲСӣѾӽĵطǿ˵ֻҪʱܸϹˡ
ڲܵĻȻܲˣ
Ȼֹޣǣһʱɡ£ֻһʱҲã
Ȼû뵽һ˹ϵˣãһҧȫ׹ҫһȴϸĿֲ׵磬˲併ͷɫϡ
㿴ҵĹЧһķ̫ǿˣ
ۿΪһɫԲ򣬷ˣϵĹͷһöûУЩ
ߵͨĹƿǶķ
ֲһ֣ͷޡͷޣͷ޳Ⱑ
ϣ֣ΣҾ
ž֮ɫңղͷޣѾҽˣ
Ļ̲ס𾪡
ĵͨСӣͷڵޣôܣ
ܵԶԽԽϢһҧܵˣҽСһһأ
ͨ
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һĸܾ͸ˡ
㣡
ڴӰϵĹѰͷ޵㣬ֻҪҵԷ㣬һн


746 Ŀ
ʱˣҲֻܰ˵ļͷ޷
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һ׹ı޻ɫԲʱƿطҵ޵㡣
ͨϢ
ռ䴩͸
ʩչֶΣһھϢ޵ϳ׻飬Ȼлգֱӳ㴦
䣡
һǿֱӽͷɫ˺ѳ룬ò
⡭
ĿɿڴĿǰĳôҲû뵽ߵͨǿֶûܹƵķȻһĵͨСӸˡ
˵Сڻ޷ֱ֮һоͽԷɱˣʵжôֲ
ϲ²ⲻĻ޵ʵؾΣĵͨСֵܵĶ֡

ʣ벻ˣѾ˽꣬ȴδĴڡ
ͨؾߣɴﵽ꣬꣬ģǱѾľֱ޷̤ؾˡ
⾧塣
һ̽޵ʬ壬ֱӴȡһöɫ޾壬Ըܵг̺ŨԪ֮⣬̺ŷḻľ
ͬһöҩеľܹԼΪ
һö⾧壬̺ȻԶļƷҩ
оЩţļƷҩ⾧壬ҪóȥۣټֵöңмУ
Ҫǣ޵⾧塭ƺҩ˥Ч
ͬһֵҩĻھĳֿԣԷõڶöͬҩʱҩЧ룬⾧ĻͲ˥
Թƣö޾̺ľǴļƷҩʮ
뵤ҩ⾧֮Բ˥ЧΪеΪҩеƷʲʮ־ԷԽЧԽ
⾧ȴˣеյ侧ڲַӦѾΪ˭ֱӽա
ȻҪȫջǲܣѰ߶ɣĳɣѾǳ˲ˣֻǰӡУȫκ
ǵҩ⾧壬ܰٷ֮٣䳹գ
õһöȻø˵ģռö⾧壬ΨһЩǸεľǰˡ
ڲ˵ʱ
ѲСڿÿСӶһͷޡУٶ뿪
ʩչӰۣ֮ΧƮ˰ԡ
ϣл
Ѿ⾧պã԰ЦһЦóһöҸ˰ϣö⾧ҾԼˣȥ߻ǳΣգ㻹Ǿ뿪ɣ⣬мҪ鷳㡣
Ͽóһöңüͷ΢壺ôʲôɱ⾧壬ȻӦùУңҲգ⣬ʲô龡ܽһ
ۿɱޣ֪ܲţ
ֻҪ䣬ע̤ʾ۾
ϿҪúýύģһöңǿɾͳϵˣҪύɾʧˡ
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΢̡
Ŀ꣬Ȼ¸ǰ׷ɱˣ
Է׷ĻкöҪǳ
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˲۾û뵽ǰߵ÷зУڳۻþб־Ϊˣõ˳ۻֵһĽۿУпܱΪһλӣ
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Ͽ֪пɱǿֲܹնɱͷˣ
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һöңֱӸ˰ϣȻת뿪Ʈڸ߿зЦȻ⾧壬·ˡ
ĿģȻ׷ɱ
ϾȥҪ飬ɲһܸ㶨ģУ۶٣վǶже
뿪֮󣬰Ҳ̾뿪ˣ˵һöңǡһöҶķǳã˵ƾ̤ؾӶһͻƣ
֪Ƿˣ飬Ȼһֲ©ɡɢõ⾧Ϣ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲôǳǳ£Ҳûж룬ֻҪ˵ģϢɢȥˡ
ܿ죬һϢŰϵĳ֣ʯ֮Χ˿ȥ
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ҵõһö⾧壬ڳʯ֮ǰ
Ϣˣܿͱ˵ȻȻжڵǿ׷ʯ֮򣬲˷ȥ֪ͨ¸ˡ
УǱҪ׷նɱ

һ𣬲Χޣ˸ɱ޵Ŷӣз뵽Զ쫷Сӳ׷׳׷
ǿ⾧尡ÿһöټֵöңõһö൱æüˣ
˭ܵջ
ޣЩʯ֮ߣ׷׳ڴ׷ɱȻܿȴ֣Ŀʧˣ
СӾǰ߿֮󣬾ȻȫʧȥӰ
Ķȥˣ
ţȻܿ죬ǷһȺѾҳʯ֮ĳȥ
Щޣ˵ܷСӵټϾСӻɱһͷޣȺĴˣ޲ôѣ
˳飬ʱһȺ˸һȺ޺ǧɿ⣬ѸټǰС
ʯ֮Ҳüεģÿһ⾧֣һȷѪꡣ
εĹģƺΪĺһɤӣȻ˹
죬죬죡
ʱ޹ŵУ߶޹ŵԼٶȳʯ֮ȥ޹ŵǻᱻЩ޷֡
һȺޣβ޹ŵ֮
һʼûг޹ŵԭ򡭡ں;۹ϵܲЩֶοԸ֪޹ŵĴڡ
ȫ߶£޹ŵܿǰʮľ룬Ѿʯܴ֮Χطṳ̂ؾߣôĵطֻ·һ
˵ȴ룡
ҪѰ層ݣʹӶᱤеľ壡
ѾɵޱݣʹˣǶԸ˵ģԣŻһɤӣҽϽϢɢȥΪһߣΪʹġס


747 
ʹ層ݵ˿
層еõ㹻ľ壬Ϊ޸׼ͬʱͨתľԴӶԼ
ʹҪ層ݵĺġԪԴʯ
ƺֻҪõ㹻ԴʯʹĲдϴڸʱ䣬Ϊ˵õԪԴʯʹԸڶʱڱȵ۾ǿߵ
վ޹ŵãͨԴʯ߶޹ŵٶȳʯ֮ǰ
ܿ죬޹ŵͷѾһȺǧͷޣһ·׷ɱй޾жʮͷڡڡڶС
µǣ޹ŵǰϣ˷޲ϳ֣ʼлʾ޳֣Ҫ޹ŵȥ·
ˣǰһ層ݣ
ʹУΪ֮һϲǰһȻһʯϣһԲ״ĻҺɫէһһͷ͵ޣȴȷǲޣޱݣ
𽥿ޱݵʱ򣬴ǱݵһЩšвϷɳһһǿޣʾʤ
層ֻʣǧɾʱѾռݣһҺɫԲ޳֣ڴɱ
УкüͷɫޣӵʾΪ
ʹΪܣ̲סЩͷƤ飬ָоͱһŭ˶ޣÿһͷӵвʵޱȿֲ
ЩԶԶںͷޡޣҲȫ̲סɴ۾ԶֹͣǰеĲ
̫ˣ
СӾҪʲôôޣԼܻ
ˣѵСǵˣɱǣ
쫷һСӳţָ̧쫷ĳԱ󻺻˿ȱһʲôӿǰȥľ룬ٶȳˡ
ǰˣ쫷
ȻڴʱһȺӺ󷽸ϵ¸˫Ĵ󲿶ӣ
ۡȻ˵쫷ţƽᣬΪʯ֮θӣҵЩһ
ڣ쫷ȫۼһǵ
¸£ʾǿֱӽ쫷˵·
κˣˣԶԶվţ
УƾʾΪѹסȫ޺ޣȻǰʾѣ޺ӪʾǾԵǿߡ
壬ڳ˶ʱ
ţ㽫ĿͶǰʮУѾգеû
Сӣˡ
в˽ʼۡ
ΨвϤģ˾Сӣô־Ѱ
Сӣܾˣ
Ʋ֮󣬼Ҫŵԭʲôֶӳȥ׷ҪˣҪʬ
ôʱǰͻȻһļµԸʮ￪̲סֿ־ĸо
ô£
޺޾Īеĳǿ߳
Ǳǿȣ붼ǵ۾ҲѰ۾ǿܹʩչģ

󣬱
ʵϣʹʩչֶΡ
ްΧ֮ʹƵһֱ̧֣ӱ۾ǿߵʵʩչֶΡ
ﵽżϲֶܹΣʹʩչԲڳۼǿȫ֡
ķϮ層ΧγһֲȻʹһ֮󣬺Ȼ
ĵ۳һȦƳΧϮȥ޹ŵУ޹ŵֵסһȴҲ䲨һѪ
޹ŵûʲô飬ϾϹżƷսҲȱ̬ġ

ΪȣʹһʩչǱ֮ǰǿˣǵϴڶԸľ層ݵʱʹûʩչǿֶΡ
ľ層ݣֻδɵıݣƻڵ層Ҫʮֹ
層ݣȫɵĽһıݣ
ȻˣǱʹһƻˡ
󱬷ֲϮƬ񷣬˵ЩˣżŵЩʾޣһӱ
޵ʬ壬ͬһ㳯ŵ£ǧͷ
֮⣬ǽڸ߿ʯϵ層ݣҲѿ룬ǸոʹһУֱƻ層ݡ
ѵϴľԪԴʯ֮ʹ
Կ϶ʹʩչԺϴԴȪеջйأھʲôͲ²ⲻˡ
ʹԷҲһ˵
ûᡣ
ȻȫţȻˣȴֱӷһöļ˵ҩָƣͬʱ߶ε޹ŵʬȥ
ֻƬ̣㽫ʬȫ޹ŵд޾ˣȻͨľֵߣǧöֵܼҲʮöˣϾвʾ޵ľ塣
Ҫǣлͷ޵ʬ壬пԵõ⾧壬˵ǼΪõı
һͷʾµ⾧壬ͷ޵⾧塭ÿһö֮ǰҵõö⾧ǿ̺ྫطˣ
סϲã̧ͷæ߶޹ŵ層ݷȥ
֪õЩֻƤëĲƸ層УҪľ壬ʹҪԴʯԵõĶⱦ
Σ뽫層ҪĺģԴʯõ֡
Ȼ壬ȴƲ⣬ǾʹԱĹؼڣҪεòԴʯ¾ͺ´λˡ
ʼѹΣ
ܵ層дĿֲ𵴲ȴ˿޾壬Ǵ߶޹ŵȻ˹ȥ
ڵ層УӦһͷ۾ǿڸʹս
ҪľǴ層УҪĶȫߣ
層޹ŵ֮Ե൱Сɼ層ݵĹģж
߶޹ŵѾ層кֱײܿѼ˺üöʹըľ塣
Ԫľ壬һľ壬ķˣ層ݣ֮ǰľ層ݿҪöˣʹ֣
ţʼѹΣ޹ŵľȫս
ʾޣֱӽײɣֻҪͷʾΧ޹ŵʲô¡
ֻҵ£ôʾΧ
ƾʹű㹻۾޺һȺʾȥæԸˣ֮ڵ層ݣǷʱ
ڲѹεĻʱ


748 ѹ
層ݶʮĵط¸£쫷һȺˣԼҪ˵ĸܹǧ֮ࡣ
ЩУͨؾĲΣʾǿʮǿߣЩ𾪵Ŀǰ
һֱֲޣ漴Щ޵ȴϢʧ
ţһһ۾ǿߵϢ層дȻ۾ǿս
۾СӾȻӵе۾ʵⲻܣ
۸˸֪ǰǼ϶Ūģƾһôǵ۾ޣ
ʵĻ¸׷ɱƶ˵۵׷ɱֺαأ
֪ΪΣܾЩ̫뿪ȴֲãҪ֪ɱӣھǰ
⣬ҲͨǬȫ뿪Ҫż
ţ𽥰
İȣЩ쫷ľޱˣǱ֪Ҫʲô
ǿǵģǰǿϳ˵ÿһϳУȻе۾޵Ĵڣ
Ҫǵ۾ɱĻЩ˻л·
쫷еĲ˶˴Ǵжֻʯ֮ٵŻˡ
ǲˣǰ層ڴһУ¶˾ɫ
飬Ǻٳֵģ޳Ѩ룬˵ܼһЩˣ
⣬ǲ˵̬
޺У뷨Ҫõ㹻ĺôôûзգ
οڻûʲôճ֣Ȼжǣǵ۾ޣҪЩ˿϶ͱˡ
Σճ֣ҲиıֶΣǵ۾ޣҲδܽȫ£

ԶЩ˵ڵȴѹ層еһС
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պʮöľ壬Ȼ߶޹ŵ層ײȥͬʱӦǲͼʹҲ߶ŵ
ϹżƷսлֱӽ層ݵĺȫײ顣
գ
ᳵ·ײͷĻʾޣȻ層ݺڵԪԴʯȡ˳
㶨
֮̾ʹ߶޹ŵŸ߿ڶ𣬰ŵһжǳΪ׳ۡ
ŵ״̬Χ޺Լ֮⣬˶ģԶˣ֪޳Ѩʲô顣
ŲסˣǸϽˣ
ʹЦУȻ͸оһǿĿռ޹ŵΧ
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ѹ֮ҪĵȻǰȻ뿪ƾʹͣһͷ۾޻ֹ뿪
ռ֮£޹ŵŵ˫˫Զ˲䴫ߣգۼͳ֮⣡
۾ŭ볢ֹʹĿռ䴫ͣȻվʧˣʹʱȵĳԽ۾Σֻıǳˡ
ʹ֮󣬵۾Ȼޱȷŭ
һսУ層ݱ٣Դʯľ嶼Ӷˣ˶˽ʧΪء
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պãԶһȺ޺޾ۼƺ뵱̣һԿźϷȻˣЩһҲá
۾޷ŭˣȻڷɶԪգγһɽ壬˸߿ƲС
һɽһ֣ͳڴȥ
Ⱥ˰˺ܿʶΣգʩչֶҪ뿪ֱӼǬȻǬĿռոճ֣ͱ۾ӲѹסԶԶһк顣
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۾۵ľɽȻ£ǧ޺ޣֱӱ˻ҷɣһҶû¡
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հ
ʼжлõջ񡪡ĴѼľʱֽʬȫս޹ŵУҴеõ޾塣
ܹǧö޾壬Щ޾Ʒ൱ԼֵҲѰ޾ߣ۵Ļܵõʮöҡ
Ѿ൱ʲˣ
Ҫ֪ʹ۾ǿߵƾս˺ܳһʱŵõĳɹջôҲ֮С
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層УǴŲ޵ģʣ޾еţڵľѰ޲ͬ
ܹö⾧壬öʾööͨؾֵܼٴﵽöң
ͨؾε⾧壬̺ľ൱ڴļƷҩʮ˵ͻʾε⾧ˡ
ȻЩ⾧壬ȫͻƾƾ裬˳Ǯġ
Уε⾧壬̺ľ൱ڴļƷҩһٱʾε⾧壬̺ļƷҩһǧ
磬ֻҪκһö㹻ͨˡ
޾֮⣬ջʮöľ壬Щľ嶼һľ壬ֵߣ綼ǲɶõıֻгԽ˵۾ĴڲƳ
ɣеõļֵߵĶöԪԴʯֻϧöԴʯʹΨһҪĶȻܽˡ
Դʯ֪֮٣綼û֪ʲôá
УӦ̺żΪŨʹӦܹͨĳַЩӶӳԼĴʱ䣬ܹڹؼʱ̽б
в²ţ򵥵˵Դʯʹ˵ӦһֶָֻΡ
죬´μ
Цһ˵
´ΣٵȰɣαʹ߿ʧأҪȫԪԴʯеٵõȰʱ䡣
ʹЦһõʣ㹻ˣúðջɣʹ߿ɲһֱ㡣


749 ͻ
ʹ˵ĻȻ
ʱ˵ʹǴں״̬һԸıݣҴиȡ衣
ûʹĻһ˸һ㣬ûĻʹҲڶԿ۾޵ͬʱȥԴʯ
ĺʱ޵ġ
ʹһֱߣ֪ʹڸʲôֻܴɵĿģԲΪҪõЩԴʯ
ʹĿʲô²ⲻӦǺ;йأȴǸʹͻ뿪
ʱɾûʲôܹˡ
һᾡȡհﵽæ
ЦһЦ˵ȻͲǿʼƶԼƻ
Ȼеõ˰ö⾧壬һöľ̤ͨͻˡ
Ϊ˴ļƷ似
ֻҪɾ磬õҩЧܻǷǳеҪ磬βٿʼͻƣ
ȵɣȷһöͨؾ⾧壬ͨ˵
߰ɡ
˼Ȼٴβε޹ŵУǰС
ܿ죬֮ǰСͳ֮⣬ʹδ̫ԶֻǴ͵ʯ֮ѣͷͲΣˣʹɲƽ޹˷
ǲǰ𣿡
ֱԽСͳϿգ˽һƬɽҰ֣ͻȻܵ·һ׹֣Ϥĸо
ͷһȴһΪϤӰɽҰкһȺս֮ǰİϣ
ڰϣǱȽкøеģһĻʱһ׼ȥæ
ΧϵȺУһڵµΧۣƺΪֻһߵͨͷ޷Ȥ֡
ͨؾޣΧŰ͹Ӱüͷ΢壬Ȼ֮ǰͰһСӵӣ
ȻˣԸϣһȤ
۾ӼΪݣȴδ̳֣ʱʩչֶΣһԡ
ҪǰΣգʱܹ֣ҪȻĻðԼսȽϺãϾսʱͻƵġ
ϼһöļҩԿǿһҪȻĻɣ
ڵϴ̰֮ɫĶŰϡ
ͷҲռˣ
״񣬲ϴЦӣ벻ҷָǧöңǾȻᱳңǴǵΪɱҾܼ֯ɣ
ΪΪʳϣҪѣʵҪǿֻôˡ
׳˶֮ɫʩչͨŰϺȥ޾Ƭȼ
е׵˸۳Ϊһ׹ϣϵֵ˵Ľȴ֧Ų˶ˡ
ҿɱܵõʲôôգ
ٱ֮ȻֱȡöļƷҩһڽȫ̷ȥȻҲὫЩЩˡ

ڵӼ״ʱĿѣͷҶ˵ˣǽҩ㲻벻㾹Ȼڤ粻顭Ȼˣұµȥ
öֵһǧöҵĴļƷҩ£ҲûҪȥˣֱӱڵĽ֮ںͨϣһ̳ŰӿϮȥ
ԭڵǿ֣߳Ͼ޴Ŀܡ
Ȼ׼ֵʱȴͻȻܵһǿ׹ⱬͻˣϾȻͻˣ
ԭϾߵͨĸ֣һͻƣֱڿٳ磬˵ƻȻһ¡
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ӴȻͻˡ
ڵ۾ֻϧͻΣոͻƶѣĽ֮ãܹﵽһɾͲˣҵ˵ʵ̫Щɣͷ
һαһ۳һУ˷밲ڴϮȥ
ˡ
͸һƬ㱣û뵽ԼȻͷͻƵؾȻͻʲôã
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̤Ҳû취ˣ
ȻҪԱʱͻȻһϤսҰУ˲仮գ۳һ⣬һƿӵĲ
ɱһɱ

ʱˣһпռ䴩͸Ȼֱӽƿغɱ
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׳˶Ǿ֣ʶľתӿȥϳ˭ˣǸǽʯ֮ĵͨС
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ܣ
΢΢۾һ̧֣ƬеӰһ˲䶼һУ˲ͨؾޡ
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ĻĹӰɱܹٿӰӰɽҰĵطȫһ˵ء
ֻһУ˽
䣡
һֻӳ׷ʬմǿߵʬ壬Ǻܺôö룬һֽ޹ŵУȥιˡ
޹ŵУǷӡͷޣЩضúˡ
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ͷȥһĿɿڴİЦһЦ
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ͲҪ֪ˡмһµġ
ЦЦ˵ϲĻǰѩʶׯ԰Ҹһöׯ԰˻úýӴģ⣬˻ʶ봫һһϢ¸˴γ׷ɱģȫʯ֮㿴Σ


750 ֮
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ĻֻҪʱ뿪ѩʳķΧˡ
ʱУѩʳǴΪ𶯡
֮ǰȡׯ԰иˮׯ԰ѾѩʳĵˣһεãϾûˣһЩǿ߶ձൽĵֱС
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ܹ֪ȥǣ׷ˣ
ڵ۾޵ӳҽ޳ѨĿֲڰûʵҲΪ䱳пɽ
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ţ޹ŵ˸߿ƲУȻŰ£߳һͳзȥ
޹ŵЧ׾ٵĴ޵۹ı߾ûб߾κζߡ
ģ޵۹ı߾У֮ǡ
޵۹ֹģĳһֻϵ۶ڣһ֮ǣ޵۹һƬˡ
޵۹䷶ΧͱѩʳҪһЩ֪֮ǵĹģضڱѩʶȽڴҵһЩԼûзùҩ⻹ԲһЩսõĻָҩ
̤ھͺˣʩչκֶζҪֻϧֽ׶ֻͨõҩˡ
׼һöָֻĵҩԽʩչͬ似ͨսа
ҪģȻȽô޾ȫǧö޾壬ɲǸСĿ֮ǵκһжδسԵ¡
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磬ĽھٰһһȵĻ˻֮Ǿ޵ߡ
ֻҪμӽĻ䣬õΣܹõཱӵм뽫ʸ
뽫Ǵ޾Դ֣ڽ޵ж󣬿֪
ЩûʲôϵֻˣûȥμӣעĻǹڽһϢ
ܿ죬ʹ̽ˣܹ֮ĽУУֱڽԼһ̻
ӳǶǣȥĽϽµĽУ׼ͷûʲôûɫ
ȥ֮ûΧȺֱ˸Сˣļҩںδ
С˲ͷһʱЦˡ
ǣĵͨΪʲôļҩ˵ؼҩ켶ҩʵģɣҸһЩʺõ켶ҩ
Свޱӵ˵
ڽй˶ˣȻԼؾ˵ı¾һġǰļһĵͨȥļҩӳˡ

ܣ
޵۹Ѱ޽ҪõҲңޱңһö൱ǧöޱҡ
εĴļƷҩҪһöңҲʮöޱңѰ˵ǸĴ֣
̤ؾҪȻ治Ҫõϴļҩġ
СȻСˡ
öҸ㣬ڣԴȥļҩ˰ɣ
鷳ֱóһöҵݸСˣֱС˵ɴۣͬƵĽöС
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ǲ֪һ˭ȻߣҾǳһԼƷŮóһöСѰɣ


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751 Ʒҩ
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ǴļƷҩʮ֣ʮֶҩֻùвһ롣
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лϲȴǲɫϸ۲һЩҩӴļƷļƷһֶûд
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СЩļҩֻϧСȨּĵҩֻýйµĹˡ
һڵߣһ˫žɫڿһͷ׵ķ
λӣѡЩҩֵܼʮǧöҡ
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µֱӿʼ·
ܿ죬һȽεſڣµſڵʯϹĵһӣŴҵĴš
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֮еģһ£ҲһڵߣӦþˣڴŮ鿴öļƷҩ
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752 ֱۣ
ҵʱһ۾ͼöϵĴļƷҩÿһöɢżΪ˵̺һЩĵӷ֮ǿϵĳ̶ȡ
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˾ͽͨǼӲǽϣûʲô̫ˣϾ⽻ӲĲϽɵˡ


753 ں޽
ӰндС
Ȼ⽻е¶ôҲûҪ⽻ʲô棬Է֪ݣ
öļƷҩѾУԽ˵ǸĴⲻǶԷȡ
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Ѿңû뵽ʼٸѾͨĴӰֱܣ
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зΧڣкǿķ̽ⷨκεļһﶼӲѲ飬ȻӰȴǼ򵥵ΣʧȥΪӰӣ
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뿪еĵʱ˾ͽֱӽԼϵ֮ǵʼߡ
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һֻöͨؾε⾧壬ЩʧǱЦݣҿԸǧöң۸ʥѾǳˣڲʥ֮Уֻǧöҡ
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Ȳ˵ŮڵΪȻҪѰӻô϶ڵܹģûӻǡ
ȻʵڲеĻܽǴ޹ŵȥǵİȫܹõ޶ȵıϣ˵ʵûκ
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۾ǿߣ⻹һԣһμڱѩʳʱƶ˵ۣȻǰħŮɱƶ˵ǿٱûǰ
˵治ʱסôĶ֪ǲˡ
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˿൱ˬԵ޹ʱУһ۾ǿߵɱ⣬ȴûбԹʲôΪΪʵϡ
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֮ȥҩУûݲˣҲȻ޷μĩᣬ⵹е鷳
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ֱʱ֪žȻдܼңô˵űϲͨؾΪӦֻαװɣ
û߶ãһ·ߵĺ̨ԶԶľŵ
ȻһǣͬʱľȻзħŮ
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ڽףеǰ취Ūȥ
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·ĻȻ֪ĵǣֱӾǰűߺ˳
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ȴ΢΢һЦŲӳŷ˽ȥȻɫȹʹŻ۵վһ
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˵ڴִҪӦúܷŭŶԣ˵Ǿ仰е֮⣬ԻǷģ֪Ӧò˵ľ顣
ܼңҵĶ
΢΢һЦûڳֱ뻳һȡ˳ͬʱȡĻһö
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ҪμӽȥᣬĿϹżҩҵ顣
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ĿһۣȻһЦתһ뿪ˣȻҲ˺ͷ

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ֶһֱֻںнףǱŴ⣬ضͬΪ֮һҩȻĿš
֪ġ۾ǿߣݵǿ
΢ݳһ˿ѣŻļƻ
ԭֱŽľ壬ȻϹżҩ˵ģû뵽һţȻֻʱľˡ
ûʾ⾧ΪʱĵѺܹ˶ĿΪϹżҩṩûľ彻׵ĻʣµĶʮңܾĵ㹻Ϲżҩ

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Ҫÿöÿһöĳɽ۸ʮ£룬ƺ̫ܡ
ʾ⾧壬̺ľϹżƷҩ屶ҿգҩõڶöЧ롣
ԣʾ⾧ļ۸񣬵ȻϹżƷҩ屶ϣҡ
Ѿ˵ˣʾ⾧ֻǵѺľ彻ϣҪ⾧ȡġ
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ܿ죬ԸԳľĵϹżƷҩȻҪֵѹĶˡ
ıڲſʼ֣
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ǧ񳯷ﵤһ˶ˣμⳡеĺܶ˶ǳϹżƷҩģ
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ԸԳľĵһöǧ񳯷ﵤȻⵤҩеֻлʾ⾧֮һǷǳҪģʤޡ
ȥöǧ񳯷ﵤ۸񶼳ʮһöʮһöʮɽ
һȥһϹżƷҩϼֵʱֱӺʮļ۸
ֱӴӶʮʮֱӽסˣû˸ۣԸԳĵõöϼ


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ĹӰɱһдļƷ似ʵԷǳǿ似۵ĻҲһҡ
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ҲڱѩʳûκһӵдļƷ似ԭΪ̫ˣʥǶһңƫԶٵҡ
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룬ҩǱӦҲжصϹżҩҪĻŪǮС
ȻȰѻĹӰɱȻ󽫲԰׺϶ҡ
۵ЩżȻõģ;۵Ĵ޹ءƷҲֻǺʹйأǣͷϡ
ԣЩ۶̫Ӱ졣
ڻĹӰɱҪǱˡЦǾ͸ˣҪĵ㹻ʽļƷ似ôʩչĹӰɱȻȶʩչδ֪似õöࡣ
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Ȼŵ󣬵Ȼ˶ⵤҩ鶼Ǻܸߣ˵ǳƷҩϵĴٽòԣųһĻֻ൱һöϹżƷҩˡ
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ϵĴٽЧ̫ˣ۸ϲƳɱļƷҩȣȴδػ٣Ҳ˵ⷽ󲢲ߡ
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Ӱ裬Ҳʮһö˱Ƚ϶࣬۸񻹻٣ȫ׼öӰ裬õ
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Ӱ裬֮԰Ӱϵ൱ԣȻѰޣһöӰ裬Ҳ㹻ļ弶ϣЧ
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ܿ죬žʹǰ̨˽öϹżƷҩöϹżƷҩ˹
öҩһʮҡö⾧壬ֵһǷһٶҡ
Ц˵߰ɣֵܣȥҼΣ
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ľĽףҲֻݵʱ΢ôԤУûʲô֤ݣǲľĽ׶ȷ
ѵֻǻʾ⾧壿
ţҡͷȥ
кܶҪ˷̫ʱ䣬Ȼûʲô֣Ǿ͸Ͻȥ׼ҩеĩɣ

ŵĸۡУһ·һҡ
һʦֲãֵܹκε۾ǿߵݣеܽףнС
˵ң˿Ц˵
пһˣΨУ̸κ鶼ᱻ˷֡
ţǿԺúˣľ塭㿴
΢΢һЦʮöľȫȡ˳
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й߰ȻҲϵļɫȻǶľ壬ÿһöľ壬Ƕת߶֮һ򣬶ϵֵʵϣʮöľһٷ֮ʮ
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ڸոյϣϹżƷսĳʮҵļ۸ʮչĻп϶׬ġ
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һӹǲ԰׺й۲һӣһ̾͵˵ͷʾͬ⡣
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԰׺жУȻʵһһƷ֮ԼһдļƷ似Ҫۡ
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ǿ߰æĻҲǣϾǼҵ飬ԽУĻҾֻҸǿߣðӰ֮ģһˡ
ţͥԺ뿪֮󣬾ͿʼԼļƻ
ʵϣǸĻſ϶ԸһǿʹãðӰ֮ģ¡
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ӶһǿߣҲû뷨һ־ͱ׵Ժ󡪡Ӱ֮ͨĴڣԲܱ¶֪
ھֻʣһѡˣǾȥ֮ǰҫջŮӣԼ˪
ŮȻڻȥǣӦΪʱɣ
˫Ȼڽ׹ϵôȻǿģðȫö࣬ҲǿԽŮİȫ⡪ǲ޹ŵٷ֮ٱ֤ȫ
ֻ֪Ůʲô⡣

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ҩеὫ쿪ʼʱ׼ڣѾָԼòµһʮ꣬Ǹӡˣ
ӽ쿪ʼͲˣֻдܼңŵƣţڹؼʱ̻ʲôô
Աҫջûκ鷳׼̤еʱȴպüԼҪҵ˳ˡ
µ㺣µ˪ŮӸպôҫջ߳һŻĹӸ
λ˷ĺˣʲô鷳ҹʢضΪǽ
ĹϴŰȻ֮ɫ㺺˪ŮⲽԿŮд֮ɫȻйʢô˵ŮȻûʲôȫС
ϾҪԵҪϲٰҪǣ⹫ʢȻԸǣͬǶͼı죡
㹫ʢİǣǿҲǲųڣȺ
ȻĵһվҪģڻûҵ취Ļʱɾˡ
ԣŮֻܽϣǰĹӣʢϡ
ʮ꣬ڣʵ͸Ҳֹ˼ҵˣ
ŮŵʱͻȻһϷʵһԴ˳Ȼ仰ӹʢ
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һ仰ԭ߰ǷĹӹʢɫʱͱѿ츳ȷôȴһǿļܣ
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ԭüȥԷһۼͨʱ̲סЦˡ
Сӣѵû߹㣬ͷҽͷĻǻûģ
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ĿһۣȻͽĿƿŲŮϣλɻǵҫջסʮյǰѣУλǷҪ
ȻҪʲôʢ⣬ȻҪװóһ㣬ҪŮӿ²Ըߡ
Ȼһ㺺˪Ůɫ̾ͱˡ
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ǵȻǵãϾŷ飬λǰǿѲʮҫٶȴ
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ŮͬʱǰһΪͻȻ뵽λǰϿҲֻͨΪ
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СƨҿСƨ˭ĵӣȻҶԹһǿƣ
ʢ¶м֮ɫһ޳Уȼܻ棬һͷߣŻţ׺쳣
ֲ¶ȣֱӽΧ˵Ŀ˹òפΧۡ
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ӦȻһͨؾСӣӶȥˣ
ǶȻʹһĶЩûֵļһ
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ΧȺʱһ󻶺ֵȻ˶ϲģԵõӺ̸ʣпܴĶѧЩʲô
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ԹʢĻͷߣȴǸû⣬ֻһ̧֣֮۳漴һƾĳ˹ʢ¡
ʢۿֻʩչһзϣֵĻͷߣʱ̲סЦˡ
ͨСӣΪأȴһе壬ôգɾˡ
ʢһЦȻʱȻܵŵһ˿
ͷһȻһγһССоȻ޾˶סԭأ
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ȻͬƷʩչѾһʩչǿһ밵Ӱϴﵽڶȫ˾ıԴģͻƵͨ
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ʢδӦͿǰһӰһһɫϢӭֲ˲佫֣
סĹʢ㷴ӦҪʩչֶΣûܹüóֻǿȡһöս߶ļƷսķϡ
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ڵľϢͨѾǵнͨһʱһеѾǿ
ļƷս
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ϢȻսķһʱ䶼ûסֱӱɷ飬űɱģǹʢˡ
ɫϢɫĻ棬ڳȼգ·赸
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ΧΧ۵һȻһųмֱš
ôˣ
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һӾãСӲͨڰɣ
ҪȻô˸ɴ䣿

СרעڹԼȴҲͷҧˣ
ڵĹԲô׵ֵģСӿҲǳŲסˡ
ʰһ˫Ҫͬھˣ
¶ڴɫ
ڶľͬھǲڿʵǻ˰
㺺˪ŮһԿţȫû뵽ʢֱһϢȼճڽ̿
ǰѣҲ
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ŮҪֵʱһȴŮУİɣû£ҫջɣҫջǣ˵˵Ǿʲô
ǰλѵģ
ŮһۣȻ̲סУǸӰȴȻڱͷ߷գ
ѵСò֪ʲôֶΣѾȻˣ
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ҫջڡ
ֻһöңһͥԺվǰı㺺˪Ůӡ
Ůӵ츳ѾڵΪȴֻʮ߰ͣҪŮصҲ
ǰҪܽٵ鷳
˵˵ɣʲô鷳ҪҸǽ
һҫеһ߱۾Ůʵ
Ǳ֣ȻֱܹҿͬʱѯŮľʱ䡣
Ůûôˡ
ǽҫջǺö˶˵վڿջеʱľȼֱ
𾪣
һͨСӣȻɱڵĹʢڳΧ۵ĺöʾǿ߶û̫ˣ
ʵһĹŲӰȥӲ˶ԷĻͷߣڱ壬ʩչϢ֮Ǳҫջ
ڵĹǿȣʢڱס£һϢдļƷսǱûȤһϲ˷ʱ䡣
ǰʸγƺ
˪һ䡣

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ǰġ
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˪˵ͣһ˫Ŀ뿴ô˵
ڿǸȻѰԿڷŵĹʢڵĹҲǿ˲٣˫гԹѡ㺺˪ҲȻġ
ڣأ
Ȼ˪֪ͨΪܹʢܲⲢܹڶԿ
һףͲܹԿ˵ġ
磬ǿΪټû䣬ҪѰǲ
˵㸸׾ȻΪƾü帻ǿɼʲôöһ㣬ټңף
˪һӾ˼ˡ
ǰȷа취ģȴټңھԭʲô˪Ȼ֪
ȴ룬˪ŮĻֱǲؽ޹ŵͺˡ
Ҫټңټҵ˿϶ԸߣԸ⣬Ҳõգòɵ֪޹ŵĴڣΣԿǺܴģ
㺺˪ǲġ
Ҫ֪ŮҪ޸Ǿڵףֻˣ£Ůһ˿εġ
ˣ˵˵׵ľɣȻҪŸɣȻö˽һЩ
ڰ˪˵


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Ǿһ̫ϳϵ״ӣڶû˸ҵ˶
ڵ츳һ·ȥĻضһ۾ǿߣΪ۾еǿߣ
˪㺾ͺųⱻŻųⱻż޸ͬһˣرһһҪ޹ȥˣ˭ֻ֪Ǽ죿
ԣ˪һֱ⣬ҪѰ
ĴˣҵںףЦǿδпܳΪ׵۵״ӣ˭ҵ
׾ǵ׵ۣӱùˣ׵ۿǿ֮һ
һ˵ȴʲô
ۻý磬Ѿǰе֪ôˡ
Ů˵ЦһЦ˵Ҳ˵ڵףֻǱ׵ۿϣ׵Խۻý磬ǷΪ׵۵״ӣÿۻýеı֣԰ɣ

˪˵ͷۻý繲ʮ㣬״ӵһҪ̤ڶʮ㡣ÿϰ˽ۻý磬Ҳֻܹﵽ̶Ȱˡ
ǣ׾㲻ܳΪ׵۵״ӣҲǾڵţһǿԣǰʮһһϯ֮ء
һһ䡣
Ҳ˵ζҪͬʱȢ˪㺣ֻܷΪ׵۵״ӡ
ʲô
һ˼ӻнȡ˳
ǡǳǰͳǰйϵ
һöŮʱ˷ܼ
ΪôŰԵ
ΪɣҲֻڣΪһЩ۾ǿ߶ΪѾ׵ۿˣ
׵ۣ֮һǿ֮һ
׵ۿϵˣ㻹Ҷԣ
Ϊˣ˪㺲Ҳ˰ǵæʵû˸׵ġ
ڣȴһˡ
ӵг
ͬӵ̤ۻýʸ
ⷽ׵ݵλǶԵȵģοδԼݣ˪㺣֪ʲôǿ
Ů϶ǱǿŸҺ;ԵģҪȻĻⲻ
ң֮ǰǰǻӽҫջҫջԲѰ
Ůڼʱ򣬲ϣġ
ۻý磬ÿ³Ὺţ׽³롣
΢̣ұһȥ˳ģҪۻýеĳɼң͵ðøҡһԼƾŰԸ񣬿϶᲻ܰɣ
˪һʱЩȻܣǡȷۻýгԽ
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ԼһӾҪѹǰ֮
ҪڴۻýУȡñ׸õĳɼ
˪ӦǰŶԡ
µȴһЦ˪һ˵Ҳûκΰ취һΣǰˣ˵ҲûʧοҿǾǰһӮء
ţҲԣǾôɡ
˪εĵ˵ͷ
ȻˣҵŮˣ԰ɣ
˿˵ӣ׼ǰҩвμĩˡ
ҪģðӰ֮ɨһһŮԼܹ仯ģԼڵΪ
Ǹɣӽ쿪ʼһֱۻý翪ǿһֱסúңвҪ
˻֣ʾŮ뷿䡣
Ů֪ǽʲôŮ̿ˮǽȥˣô˵һֱסҫջǷǳ˰
ģҪȥҩУμĩᣬΪûдﵽûʸ롣
֮󣬱㽫ŹϣȻɨŮһۡ
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ǡ
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ֱʩչͨӰ֮飬һҳֳʱĹҫ˰Ů˪ϡ
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ܿ죬Ӱ֮ڵͼͱ仯˪ģ

һ̣һ˱ֱӱ仯˪ģڣһģһ˪
Ů˲亹ֱͻȻ뵽Ȼ仯εĻô֮ǰǰ
ǽǽ
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ڽ˪
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ѾŮ˽ףûҪҴˣŮУŮй¶ȥ
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ðӰ֮ıȫǿκģ֪ܱҲܲõ

ϣӰֱӳʥ֮ȥ
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˵ʢ츳ôô˵ǹȻôɱˣǹĶ飿
ȻΧ۵Щ˶ʾⳡĶ˫ͬھˣ嵱Ȼôˡ
ǿ˵ʢǺŮӴҫջгģĶҲΪŮӶ
ټҵˣ
ӰϢ뿪ʥǵʱ򣬹ļҲǹʢĸףԴһǰ˳ټҵĸۡ
ټû䣬ȴȻʥ൱ǿƵļ壬ʵټǿϲ֪ٱ
ڵǰȥҪˣټҼ벻ӦУ
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˵ʵڵģ˪ټҼʵûʲô飬֮ԻټңֻΪĸ׻ټҰˡ
ڣһֱĮģûεټҼνĸףȴҪʹСŮ㺣һ޸ڵνף
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ϹܼҵĻټҼֱӺתȥ
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Ȼ˪㺲֣ôټҼֻ⳥ƽϢŭˡףҲ֣Ȼˣ⳥Ψһѡ
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ʮң
Ц
⣬ǰϣԻټҶǵŭȻʥв˽սټҵܲʼղ뿪ʥǰɣ
ټҸǿƣôټҾֻѡ⳥ܶԷŭ

ҫջڡ
Ů㺣Щ˪С㣬ףĺ𣿡
Ů˪ҡҡͷгź֮ɫ벻ʲôҵŮң뽫ҽ壬ӶƽϢŭ𡭡Ǻǣ浱ֻһ𣿡
С˪֮·û壬ԴƴܻжҲ֪ģϾһ·һ߹ġ
˪㺣΢΢һЦ㺣ǰܳԽףԺ׷ɣô
Ҿòĸס
Щԥ
ʱһǰĸס
˪¶˾ģǰʲôҶӦټңҲټļˡ
š
㺿˪֮ͬɫ˵ĲС㡣ڵټңȫһѷǽࡣǼ磬ͱ࣬ҷ䵽Դÿ˶ȻҲûһ̤ʾ
ôԴЩʲôãС츳ߣټ֮ˣȴûκС㣬ҪС㵱Ʒף
ڹƴϵҲֻ֪㣬ͳȥƽϢǵŭôûõļ壬Ҫʲôأ
ȻѾ˺ܾˡ
ټң˵һЦ
ǰһ壬Ȼ䵽ֻСⲻò˵һ󱯰С㺸˪˶ٿܴ࣬ﵽڵʵ
ǽŶһĳЩǿŻʱٴΣ
ȻټңŮѰͥö٣
Ů˪ĸǹþͺõöˣûƴҲûΪԴĹÿȡ˼Դһ쵽졣
ټһȫĻɫ֪õ˾ڵ֧֣Ҳ᲻˥ȥ
ϣǰʧԸʢʱӣȻһֻ֪ԺֵĹӸ硣
뵽ʱӰԵΪݣҲڣҪԸʢҲôףû뵽ͨǿƣҾȻܹġ
һУ͵ÿεۻýˣ
˪˵ͷȻҲ൱ڴ

ʱ֪ҫջ飬ֻ֪ҫջΧȫǹ̽ӣЩ̽ӿҲټ
Ѿ˳⣬ΪӰ֪ĵ˳ǽϰٹ֮⡣޹ŵʱͰͣڸ߿Ʋ㵱Уʹš
λҪʹһµ似ʲô似Ȼۻý磬ܹ似ͨôͲŹᡣ
ûѧһ似ٵϹżģ
ʥǣ̵ĸܵǴļ似ѾˣԽļ似ֻһо⣬Ǿ۴ġ
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㹻ԴõѧᣬҲõû㹻õ似ȥѧʹյϹż似Բ٣̫ż似
һоͿʹԸԸ̸ˣ
ص޹ŵ㿪ʼкʹ
ʹǰٽ̸һ̫ż似ΣҪۻý磬˵ѸͨΡ
ֱԼҪ
ʹδĬǺܿӦ֪ҽ̸Խ࣬Խ˲ʹߵĴڣ˵˿ɲɵӣû㹻ĺôʹ߿ɲ¡
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ԣȴЦһЦȻʹҪôͳһ룬ҪðӰ֮ģ³һͷޣ޳ѨĻжǷǳ򵥣
һ㣬֮ǰ뵽ˣΣ̫󡣡
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ʹŵĻһö
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ɱСж䰵ǣȻж˵ǿ似ȴǿķ似û֮һȻҪӳ似ǿ;ƿطϲС
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֪ʹ˵ʵж䰵ǵȷǲķ似˾ƿ֮󣬷ЧԳѰ̫ż似
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һİŮӣ
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ԱĻ˫̺ǲģһöļƷҩʺΪϵ͵СãͲͬʱ̫ˡ
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ָԴϳ֣ǰչþӰʯ֮Ĵڣ޵ʵöС
һöӣ֮ǲժϷĹȵӣܹ֮ǿĵϳ̶ȣǿ٣͵ÿλˡ
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ֱӺһ۸񣬽۸һأͨ۲죬֪ʱγֵĶֵʮңʮĵö֮Ļ
ʮ֮󣬾û˸ˣһЩϵޣҲ뻨ʮ֮Ҫԭǣû֪ö֮ƷΣ
֮ͬƷʺ͵ƷʵЧȫͬÿһУֻͬеһη֮ʱȫЧڶκ͵εʱЧݼһ롣
ϣ
һ̣ʮ·ϴﵽ弶Ļʹһֶν̸ĵġ


769 ҩ
֮֮󣬾ûʲôҪĶˣرǳֵĴļ似û
ǴļƷ似ʲôЧĻ˵ûʲô壬˷ʱˡ
ԣעȫ
Ϲżҩֵʱһ˼˾
ҩһϹżƷҩϹżƷҩĻȫҪһٶҡ
ǮĻÿһöܿϧҪڴļƷҩͶȫһҩʧ
ԣҿɲطˣοڴҩǷǳ
öʾ⾧壬൱ʮöϹżƷҩˣδе˷ѡ
ЩϹżҩҲ١
ţܿ죬ڵȵ˴ļƷҩľġ
Ӱ裡
黹
裡
ֵҩǷǰͷģΪ飬ֵҩĳļ۸͡
ʮģһһμӼۡ
μҩĶǮˣв˶밵Ӱ໥ϣԶǲٵġ
ܿ죬۸˶ʮңڲ
һ£ϻʣİٶҡ
ʮ򡣡
ֱӳۡ
۸һóв˷֣γۺϴ֮۵ͬһ䡣
ѵǹеˣͬʱϵǰӰ˫ģ
ؾ׶Σ˫ϲʲôϡ飬ֻҪ̤ؾ磬ٵõһЩضıֱӳΪ˫ϵĴڡ
籱ѩʳĺ֮
ʮۣû˸ȥö裬ͬʮĵ֣Ȼ裬ʮҳ˲˵ĵߡ
ᣬиǮ˾裬Ǵɷλᣬ¸һ˵ĳɽ۶ʮҡ
ڲ˵ϾʲôĶȥ˲䱬İӰںܶҲûʲôã̫ȥֵ
ȥӰͲһˣ
һöӰ裬㹻һ밵ӰļϵߣֱӴﵽ弶ϣΪܹĴڣ
ʥǣͨؾĴڣر𺱼ˣ۵״ӡ˵츳ǿߣһЩһţܹһ㡣
ԣӰ԰Ӱϵ˵ǼΪҪĶ
öҪõ
ƻзǳҪһκβأԵʼʱֱӳʮң
ҩϣӰĳʮҵļ۸
һȻǸĹڳۣЩ𾪣ǼһжǮƴϣȻܸôණ
µҩᣬ˲Ѻð
ʮ򡣡
ӰվǱϺܶ࣬˳ۣʮ
ʮ򡣡
ֱӼӼۣ˵ĳ۸ȥ
ʮһΡʮΡʮɽ
ħŮζĿһڵĹ䣬ܿöӰˡ
ȥöֱӳʮ
᳡ȫϸշ˾ĵҩֻһγ֣ҩÿ¶óġ
ԣ۸񳬳Ԥ̫࣬ԭҪҲȫˣǶһʱˣǵȵ
ʮʮ򣬸Գܹûˡ
ԼҪĶ΢΢һƣһ밵Ӱĵϳ̶Ӧúܴܿﵽ߼ˡ
һͨؾ˵ֱģ
Ѱ޾öӰ裬ΣӰЧѰ޵ټļӳɣֱ˸е
ͬӰ裬ҩЧݼڣöЧѰ޷ٶ趼Ȳϵġ
һö
һǧö
һö
У˷ö٣ȫȲöӰ裬Ϊڷһ֮ӰЧ΢΢ˡ
ܹҩҩЧȫյ֮
黹һö黹͵һļƷҩڴӶʮҿʼģÿμӼһң
ħŮóһִļƷҩҩеᣬÿζԷ黹⣬ҲǾУ۸ߵĶ
ϣÿһö黹ĵһϵļ۸Ϊ޵ĵڶ
һ򣡡
ֱи˺ʱҪ֪ǵһöжҪⶫû壬óȻۣĺ
Ҫ֪˵ƽÿһö黹ĳһ򣬵ʱҪǾ˲࣬˾ʮҲܳɽһһӼ۵ĺô
ֱӽ۸񶥵һȻԶԡ
۾ֱӼӼۣһһʮҡ
ϻʣһٶʮ黹һһʮļ۸񣬶ֱҩֻҪһö㹻ˡ
˵һ˵λĻôһһʮȻԸˣڳһЩˣ۸ʱ
ǻܰ˾ʮֵĻת־׬ʮʮҲһʿɹ۵ĲƸ
ֺͶ˵٣ȻεĩûǵĻˡ
һһʮļ۸õһö黹öֱһһʮһһʮɽ˵ԩͷ
ʵϣһҲûʲôϵ˵̫ףûҪΪôʮʮ˷̫ʱ䡣
Ҫ鲢׬Ǯ
ö黹֮ҩеĩǽˣȥҩн˸Ķ͵Уȡҡ
ĳʱȴң
Բ㽫ᱻҩԶ̤ҩа벽вƲᱻߡĴʽ̤ҩе߶
ȵǣƷľȻħŮˣһ˿衣
ԭ˪С㣬ǰ㲻ٴΣ˵㻹ҫջıɱ˹
ħŮ߽Ц˵
ڵȫ˪ģ۾ħŮûϳ
һ˵ѵ˪г𣿡
в⣬ɲûж˵ʲôֻ˵İһʮңѶҰɡ
üһƺΪ⣬˪ôӲ˵
Щɻ󣬸ϸĲ鿴һȴδʲô
Ȼ֪ҪЩʲôǺĿɽйأһ˻㵽ҫջ
̽Եʵ
ҩУб߼۾ߵĹأ˻ȫĵط
ȴҪķ
أֻҪ㲻͸¶ݾͺá
΢̣ҡҡͷӹݹЩҩƿӣȻת뿪
뿪ӰԽԽɻ󣬲վûʲôֻǰ˰֣Ըսףȥ˪С㣬עˡ
ǡ
֮ǰİ׷꣬һʾǿ߶ʱ͸ԶȻ߳ҩС
׷ֱ꣬սףҩһǿߣ˵Ҳۻý磬Ҳһܱ֮һΪ״ˡ


770 ƿ
뿪ҩ֮ԹԳҫջȥ
˵ڸоħŮ϶ڸңǱҲãͼ
۾ûᣬԷܶ֡
˰ʱصҫջ̤УֱٵĸоʧԷҩеˣҲȻҸٵҫջڡ
̤ջ֮󣬿ջλʾ۷ϹܼȴζĿһۡ
ѵˣ
һݣȴûֱͣӳԼµͥԺȥ
ͥԺи˪δ뿪ȴͷһ˪ϹܼҷֲԾҲΪҫջĹܼңȴûж¡
˿͵飬Ҫģ
ңҲὫ˵ȥҪȻ˭ҫջһֱҫջļ۸Ӹ߲¡
ƾҫջﴩҫ󣬻صԼͥԺ֮һ۾ͼ˪Ůûȥǡ
䡣
ֱӱ˱ģ̤߽ͷ
³ۻý翪ţʱ䣬ʱڣȡ䰵似ѧҷһЩҩȡƿسɹ
طҪĶֻҪ㹻
˵ʲô⣬Ҫմҩܹƿطɹˡ
ۻý翪ڼҪһԼս򵥵İ취䰵ǣ䰵ƿؽ
Ŀڴˡ
ΪطҪɹһأҪ㹻һͨߵͨ磬طҲؾǿߡ
ţеĴռȡеĴļƷҩ
ʥǵ;Уһ·һ·ѼܹӵİٶöļƷҩܹ֡
Ҫǽһҩȫ£ĴļƷҩǷˡ
ļƷҩʺϵľ߷ãȻİٶöвظģȫһҲֻ൱öļƷҩˡ
ȽЩҩеȫա
δ룬ֱӴ߶пʼЩļƷҩеԵʣǳ⽵٣ЩҩɵҩЧ
գپƿ⾭
ʼЩҩڣҰʹָģЩ۳Կ⾭
̻һϵʱ䣬Ȼ֮󣬾ƿص⾭ȴǻδͣ
ȡٶöļƷҩ׼зã磬¶ûʲôܹһõҩˣֱڳԷһ
˵ûôǮȥô൤ҩǣΪߣܲôĳˢ
ҲֻЩ⾭ʱĵЩܱ֤ᱬ
ֹһ֮һٶöļƷҩڵ⾭ſʼ۳ΪΡ
ֱţǽƿɹҪôط㴫ȥҲѰܹġ
ЩпȻͨؾεޣطѶȷǳߣҪǵؾҪһЩˣΪһ̤ؾ磬ĻٶȽһء
ô˵дļƷҩһٶöļƷҩǽƿɹ
⾭ٳһɲǣоԼ˶ͬˣ
ĸ֪Ȼ
ϲķ֣ͬһ似ɹƿ֮ȫܹӳһЧ
űԭѿűķλһֱȫλڣȴԿűĳйΪۣӶΪǿ
ƿصһأ˵ûҵǿȴʩչ似Ч࡭
Ϊ˷ܣǾյط֮һһأЧһ·ȥǸǿ
ϵĿռ䴩͸ֶΪǿ
Ϊֶνһ㣬ԾӵиǿĴ͸˾ƿ֮ܽԭõ似ϡ
磬űĹӰɱϢȵȡ
ΪԵľƷ
ԭһ̧֣ųΧƷЧȻȴֻԲ̫ǿĶ֣̫ǿĶ־ûˣᱻԷֱѵ
ڣƾƿأķΧСССֻһһĿ꣡
䣬ΧС֮󣬶ԵһĿĲЧʹǿоһֻҪʩչܹסǿߣʱ䣡
֮ǰһʱǿ̫ˡ
ʱΪ壬򲻹ڣҲܴݲȵ룬ȫԵõ˴ϡ

һЦԾƿصЧΪ⡣
ǿԼʩչ似Ч֮⣬ƿػܶϤзı֮̽Է⣬ԵĽд
˵طδֱǿսǼΪֲġ
ֻҪ䰵似Ѱ޾;ԲҵĶˡ
ţű㿪ʼȫ䰵似
һ似԰Ӱĵ۳ΪһСڹܣԵĽзѡ
ֻʱ䣬ͽ䰵ѧʵսûʵսĻۻý绹û̫ġ
ʵսдĶǻ˵𣿵Ȼ˪Ůˣ
ŮЩҲһֱҫջ˵д裬ȻǺԥĴӦˡ
һ죬джɹԶ䰵ǵճ̶ȴֻһ㣬ѾСɵżֻվǲôһ㡣
ϹżƷ似ɲôģ
дֳս˪ŮΪԾǿǷǳǰȷֻͨΪˣǿߵļйǴݲȣȫûκλš
ңȻ޷˵ֺȫ۵һСڹֵܸסÿΣСڹܶǹΪǿĵϡ
ǺǿĲ֣Ȼ⿿ֱֵܵš
Ҫֻ֪ͨ
Ҫǵ̤ܹǿıǰé
ˣǳɡ
ۻý翪ӣˣֱӴ˪㺣׼ǰʥİɫʥ
ʥߴǧɣֱ˭䶥ˣУֱͨΨһͨ
˵˲δϣҲδϣɫʥһɫʡ
ۻýڣɫʥĵ㡣


771 Ҫң
ҪԼľٶ˪㺶ЩΪŮ֪ۻýеĳɼȲ׵ĻôǾ͵ü޸ס
ȻδԼ׵ΪˣضӦԼ
ʤŮþȡ
ʤŮģ
һֱҲǻ£ǻȥɣǾ˵һսҲ
㺶˪˵
˪˵ͷȻӣ
ÿµۻý翪ʮҵ̤У⽫ڵۿ
ϾۻýǳΪ״ӵΨһ;Ψ̤ۻýĵڶʮϣʸΪ۵״ӣ
ͨۻýеսɼܹԤŽȡõĳɾͣʥǵľԶӰ졣
ۻýڵս龰˲ܿÿĳ̤ϸһʱ˶ܹ֪
ܹ̤ϵڼ㣬ʹյĳɾͻж٣
ȻֻһŵԤ⣬ֻ˵ĻЩŵĳɾͲԤĲ̫࣬Ȼз
ܶڳɳĵ·ˣҲк֮ܶ·ϻӶΪǱĴڡ
ÿµۻý֮սһ۷ǿߣ

ҫջ
˪㺣߳ҫջȻӭһȺ˲佫ǰΧ
Ⱥȫۣڰһ𻨣ǹı־
ҶԣĶͬھˣڿ˶͹ˡ
Ϊ׵һӣʾ۷Ϊɱ⣺ɱǹ
Ķѵǹث֣䲻𣿡
Цһ˿ûк¶Է˼
˪վЩⲻȥϾǹʢģȴ
ȻĶʧܱɱȴҲԹñˣ⹫ȷ൱ˡ
Ц
ǹĻʾӹЦСӣҲĶثʻؾԼɣ
ûʾǿߣһͨؾСĶǹ滹Ǻ񡭡
ЦһֱӳԱŲҿûʱ棬ȫÿ
仰һöɫƳУ֮
֣֮ɫ䣬֮˷׷ȥܿ͸óһ·
֮
Сг֮
ͷĻʾɫޱԭΪǮˣڴҫջгˣڿȴˡ
СӣҪȥμۻý֮ս
ʢǸȻһʸۻýŵĶֱ
ǻʾаһ漴һ֣ȵǰʥҵҪһûʵ̤ۻýĵʮ㣡
ֻҪ̤ۻýĵʮ㣬žͻһʱܵ˵ı̤ϵʮ㣬ô˾Ͳˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪ޷̤ϵʮ㣬ôö֮ȥ鷳
Ȼ̤ۻýĶʮ㣬Ǿͻᱻ֮һΪ״ӣܹ̤ϵڶʮţÿ궼ֻвʮƽһ¶δػһѶȼߡ
ܹϰ˺ƺƵĸʥİɫʥȥ
һȺˣǸ׳һ·ϵȫóһĴ;ЩϳˣŵĲϴҫջſڣɱ˹ʢ
ڣΪô๫˸ԼҳˣȴҶ֣
ܿǾʹΧȺдˣµͨؾ꣬Ȼֳֳ֮μۻý֮սģ
˸պ׼ǰμۻý翪ʽʱֱӸ͹һ·ˡ
ۻýÿ¿һй©κβμۻýˣܹеõٺôǽʡüʱ䣡
ÿۻý翪ʱɫʥΧΧȺϰ߻ۼ
ֻгڵһЩšܽ뵽ɫʥĻǽڹۿߣֻΧ棬һЩĴɢ
֮ǰʥѾۼһȺߣʮ֮࣬һȥɽ˺
ʥһ¥һڣټҼԼ˶ţ׼ۿۻý֮սҸ׼һЩ
ټҼɫУһŹϲ
ҾãûбҪȥֺףǾڵ˿ʥǽ֮ڹۿǶӦСˣԼλá
һټҳΪˬ˵ҲˣټӦʸǽʥǽŶԣ
ټҼ֮ɫΪ飬ȻŮʼնҫջв
˵ˣֻҪŮ޹ȥ̾ͻὫǵԼˣڲǻû𣿡
ټҼ˵ҵҪСҫջ϶ã

ʱͻȻһټӵ˰⣬ֱӺǼ˴С㣬ڴҫջʥ
仰ʱټҼһϲ
Ѿͷڳˣ
ȥ
һټҳŭ˵дţѾͷȻʶô뷽跨ӻ飬޴ץסͱˣ
Ǿͽˣϡ
ټҼ˵ͷϵļ
ǼټҺ;ģ齻ȥͦʣϵ磬Ҳǻʾ۷ΣҪץһڵСѾͷɲˡ
վĿߴֵ׳꣬ȻʵȴѾˡ
СĶ̴ҹȥ
Ķ뿪䣬ֱͷͨ籨ŵټӵܴ·ȥˡ

ʱ˿̣˾ʥѾԶѾޱӵȺΧŵһȺǿߣֵΧ۵˷׷ÿ·
ͣ£
ͻȻǰһȴһ׳ǰһʾ۷ǿߣһ˫۾ϵɨ˪Ů
ټҵĶϡ
˪ʱһݣһ䡣
ȻǶϷŭǣڴСǰǸСӲûͣ½Ų΢΢𣬼߹
ǣ
пһ£ΪææڲڿҧгݵĹϰˣ
˭
ɱ˹ǸСӣ
Ȼڣϰ˸СӣóǷŭ쳣ȴûһҶ֡Ϊʲô
ȻСݲһ㰡
ⲢŵټҶϣò׵ȵ˪㺳ˣҲýŮȥ
ֻҪۻý֮սŮɹ޸ףټҾͽһ
СӣÿټҴСˣ
ֱվǰΪ׺ݵŭߵ
Ҫң
ȴȫûнЦһǰȥȡ֮Ƕ𾪵Уóֲ֮ڵ¡
ټҶϣĶȴȫʲô
֮
ʱýӲңСӣȻӵг֮ֲùȺ
һۣ˳֮˪Ůֱǰȥ
ͨʥǽ֮ڵĴţǰ


772 ˳
ͨʥǽڵĴŸһƬžͻأȫ
˶ڳŴˡ˪Լ㺣
ο࣬ɫеټҶŵȷе˵еĳ֮
ڿʥеĳֵ֮ʱټҶϾ͸оͬʱкüֵԼϣֻҪֳκͼͻ˵ǿֱ֣߳ӶƬ
ЩвټҶȫҶĴ£
ټҶȻ¶
ټҶϺ棬һٶҲûö٣һɫ࣬Ŀ̤뵽ʥǽ֮ڡ
Ǵ޷̤ۻýʮ㣬ҹػȡ
ޱѻ𣬺ò׵ȵɱִҫջ˭֪һﾹȻӵг
ҪɱǾǺΪУʱ嶼ʥʧ
ߣҵһԿţҵС̤ۻýʮ㡣
Ϊ׵ʾ۷ɱһȻһӣȺ뿪ֳŹȰµĵصȥ
Ҫʥ֮⣬ۻý֮սĽ

˵ټҶ϶ֻǸС˪ȴŻˡ
ǰгҪǿɾˡ
˪µ˵
ҪǱץȥĻҲûɣᱻƼ޸ڵףȻ뱻ټҵץȥ
ҾǻǽҹӱȽϺá
ҡҡͷڡǰƺʵЩܽܡ
⻰˪ŮһЦȴδ˵ʲôŮ˵ƺʲôֻС£ֻϣۻý֮սгԽףӶǴӻԼнȳ
ƾ̤ʥǽ֮󣬱Ůֱű־žڵķȥһ˫дŵȻɫƺȫûнڿ
ڽʥǽ֮ڵʱѾ˲˵ע⣬ڵֱڷ򣬲ʥǽڵҲȫʼָָ㡣
ЩʸʥǽڵʥеĴҪıʮʥǽ֮ڣרŵλøʮţܴۻýĿյ
ڣ㲻ʮ֮һʮڻǲϲ٣ʮ֮£ѾǶһ֮һˡ
ǿСŵŮټ˵Ҫ޸׵𣿡
ǣСŮ޾ȻһƺЩ鰡
׳ԶŮ˭Ը޹ȥҿŮǲԸ޸ף˸ְǰɡ
ϧСҴδӦòʥеˡ֮ˣǾ;ڶԿټСӣѺ˰
ʮУ˶ųָָ㣬ȻںŮ֮Ĺϵ
ڣŮžڷǰ
״˴Ҫμۻý֮սԾʥǽ֮Ҳõһٸλܹһڵˣǰ
һʮ˾꣬ڻʥλϣӸµŮ
꣬Ǵ˴Ҫμۻý֮սףһĳţʮͣȴѾ̤ڵΪΪֲ
׵һ˫۾ɫģŻɫ·̺ЩϷʣɨԼŮһۡ
λǰʱͻȻվƺҪ˵Щʲô
ȴ֮ǰˣδվʵǾڵף
ң˭ҷ²ҵδޣ
׶ȿЩ⣬ֱӳʵ˪㺣Ů׵δޣ֪𣿡
ҵȻ֪
ʼ磬Էʻ
Ȼ֪㻹Ǹ㣿
ɫһǷΪҷƣ
ҽΪ㣬иԼҲҴӦ
һЦۻý֮սұȽһҵĳɼԽ㣬˪㺣Ȼ
ӮңͨؾСӣ
΢΢𣺡˵Լȫûκ壡СӣζҵδޣΪܹǣ
˳˵һ䣬Ů˾ŮˣûӣΪһܲμۻý֮սļһҵƿأ룡
˵ⷬưҪ¶ԼĻģŮҵģûʸǵ룡
ͦӦ
һЦΣˣⶫ㣬Ҫˣ˪㺾ҵˣǷͬ⣿
ӻȡһöʾε⾧壡
һĻʱȫ˶ˣ
ʾε⾧壡
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СӣȻûʾε룿
ǾڵˣԱ߿üߵʮǿߣһ۷Źǻʾε⾧尡
ʮЩǿߣ޲ڸĵԼŮʲôãҲˣʾε⾧壬㹻ԼΪһˣ
¶Ե۾ǿߣ⾧ޱȿֲġ
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ܵ⾧Ϣ׸оԼҪֹͣˣ˫¶ޱϲ֮ɫ˵Ļ棿ԼԸ⾧嵱룿
ɷһԾŶ˵㻰ȿʼʱҿԽ⾧彻ۣΪܡ
˵ֻҪۻý֮սӮңⶫˡ
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Ȳͬˡ
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˵֮ǰŮֻǱԿ̬ѡĻôŮͻųֵˡ
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773 ̫۹
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Ůĵ׻ǱȽģҪˣǻʾ⾧壬ŮкȻܣµŮȴҲֹܳԼ
ŮɵĿѳԽһУ
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˵ʦ۲ʲô飬ûгۣҲһ֮·ϲǰ
ڣҪûһǿĺ̨̫۹Ź
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̫۹϶֪ܣȴ֪ϲܣԱضץȥ
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Ϳ̫Ԩȥ֮ʱ֪ϼһԼǲġ
Ȼ̫ԨܽصĶڴ֮ͥ˵ڳˣ̫ԨķӦǺֵģȻô¶ܲµࡣ
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Сӡ
ڲԶȺУף֮мΪƽ⣬ƾʲôСܹ̫Ԩǰ
ױҪٱ
ʮڣСܱȣ
ʮ˲ͨؾ츳ʥǼֱֳ裬̫Ԩῴһ
νۻý֮սСӱضҵ°ܽʱöʾ⾧ҵģټӣʼֻҵģ
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774 ħۡڵ
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ۣǿߣأǲأһ츳׿ţһö
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ʱĿƯź֮ɫ˪ЩӰ衢裬Ϊ׼ġ
ֲûԹֻһŮӳ棬ԭΪͨûдﵽؾΪܵõ۵ĳϣ
Դ˱ʾǳɡ
ȻȻ̫۹̫ԨҪΪ̫۹ʱ֪̾ϾŲܣܣʮ֮һ̫۹ۺġ
һߣеҲ첻ǿ׼ս
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ַһڴʱ򣬲¶һĨӵ飺壬˵Ǹģƾʲôõ֮ͱһ󣬵ȴͨΪҶ磬ʲôʸ̤ۻý磿
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ַһȻʾм˫У͸ŨŨļʣ벻ףΪʲôͨؾĶʸ̤ۻý磬ͻƵؾȴûʸ
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ĳ˼

εʱ̫˵ͷʱ֣ڵۻý翪ʱ䣬Ҳ١
һޱȿĴЦԶߴͬʱһֲ쫷磬ڸ߿γһɫ
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ħۣħۣħۣ
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ʮڵ´꿪ʼɱˣӶԴɣ֮·ΪѣѰ˾ԳŲڣĻᣬȴ϶öࡣ
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СУ̫̫ıأ籩ħԼħżпֻܾǾµһС
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κһµżǱԴЩԴǳĶ
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ħ۴ЦţȻɫΧɢȥȻ״Ӻڵɵ˰ɫʥһԱߡ
ʥ㣬ۻýڣܹڣÿһλ۸һȴڣΨȴͬʱܹۻý򿪡


775 ý翪
ħ״Ӻڵ֮󣬺ܿĵҲ׷ǰ
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׵˸׵ƿ׵ĵԶնȻħһһյ״ӡ
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׵۵Ļ࣬ȴҲ˺ħһ˼ֻħ۸ո״ӣ׵ҲУ츳ǿ
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ŮҶ΢׵յ״ӣͱħ۵״ӺڵҪһЩһǻʾΪԲȺڵ
׵һĿħۺͺڵһۣתҶ΢һȴԱߣڰУ׵ۼԵǷ
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֪ʦõۻý磬ֱ̤˵ڶʮ˲㣬츳ףǰһѻ
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û뵽̷Լ˵ô໰жۻýڴҲԽԽˡ
ӣһ̤ۻý֮У
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ۻý֮սʽʼ


776 ǧþ
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ǿǸڵһʹôãſ̤ϵڶ㣬Ȼ̫ˣʵа
Ҫˣ˵ʮ㶼ϲȥһСӿɾ͵ùˣ
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׵ĶԼټҼû⣬ǲֻͨؾСӣ׹ʲôɱԣ
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777 ý֮սһ
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ְӰ֮ͻƳΪн֮ͨ󣬿Բ̽ķΧȻʮ౶ﵽԲһ
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ԲһﷶΧڣֻܹʮͷޣͨġ̫Ȥˡ
Щʧۻýڶ㣬ƺǿߵĸ֪İӰ֮ͻƳΪн֮ͨһûκսԡ
ͨޣӾܽˣ似ͨȻʧ
ʱȥѾնɱƬʯеʯͷޣȻǰٴα任̤˵㡣
һĴðŻĵҶƺڻɽڵ·ķҽʣжһȡ
һͷߵͨĻޣͨɻ湹ɣҶ룬ɢ
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һһܿ˻緢ҽĵطĻǰУͷ޲ɵʱǻڿʼ
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Ĳ㣡

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Ȼڵһʱãͨڶٶȴֱùĵ¶һЩǡ
ټҺ;ڵˣȻЩٶȱˣȴҲû˿ġ
ΪףڵţʱȥѾ̤˵ڰ˲㣬ںڵҶ΢ĵʮ㣡
׵츳ȻǲڵҶ΢ԶԾ˵ֻҪܹҧסˣǴĳɹ
̤ϵڶʮ㣬Ŀ꣡
ڵҶ΢ħۺ׵϶״ӣۻýٶȣȼǰĸ죡
ĸǰĻҹ̤˵ڶʮ˲㣬žޣɷˣ츳ǰʮҲʱʱ䣬ȺڵҶ΢ҪһЩ
ǾͲˣۻý磬ֲԽԽõģҪ֪ۻýãǧþ似ͨͻƺҪúۻýһεĻᣬ⿿ٶȿɲ
ֶʲôۻýٶȻ㲻ʲôٶԽʹʵԽԽпǰʮͱ̭
ڲμۻýʮˣûһ˱̭ΪʮˣȫѡľӢеš
ô׾ͱ̭ĻҲܵõˡ
ͬõ˳Ǻʱ̤˵㣬ٶȻȲףȴʤȶͻÿһõʱ䶼ǲġ
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μۻý֮սģ緶Χһľţûһ֮
֮£һʱȥŸո̤ϵĲ㡭

֪ΣҲ֪Լʲôۡ
ɱͷ֮ۻýĲ㣬Եͷߵͨıޡ
ͷߵͨޣô׶ԸģȻṳ̂ͷƺʩչһֶΣ޴󣬿ǿ߶ñâ
ұͨһߵͨĶ֣Ҳ֪Ķ֣ʲôεģ
һţһս
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Ҫִ͸ǿΧȴСĹ䰵Ǿʵķ似û֮һϾƿطͷͨؾô޷˺
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䰵ϹżƷ似ӳѧСɾ֮󣬿ʩչһֶΡ֮ߡ
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֮ϵķرǿٱȶ䰵ҪһҲѰĴΧ似Ҫܶ࣬Ҫʩչ֮߼ҪĶ
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778 ý֮ս
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ȥ̤ϵĲ㣬ԵĶߵͨޣһһ࣬ÿһֵĶͬһޡ
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ʵϣμۻýţǰʮͱ̭ģһҲһ
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̤ϵھŲʱʥ֮Χ۵ĹˣһӽԭǻΪԻǰʮͱ̭Ȼڣȴһ·߸ͽûб٣̤˵ھŲ㡣
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ʼˣʹһ㿪ʼ˵ѾѶˣһСľͻɥУӶ̭ۻý磡
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ʱ𽥹ȥû˿ˣù峤ɫӳ
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Ҷ΢һֱȺڵһЩȴǽźڵĽŲɼ˵츳
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ӵʮ㿪ʼѰ˵ѶȾѾǳˣ׵Ŀ꣬Ҳֻǵڶʮѡ
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ӾǱߣʱʱʹһЩʦֵܵĳЦ
λˣҿǻǱָСˣ
ǣҲԼʦֵĲ࣬һʮ㣬һڵھŲ㣬Ĳ࣬Խ
ҿµھŲ㶼ȥöʾε⾧壬ǹʦˣ
ʦܹ̤ϵڶʮ㣬ǿɾϲţܳΪ׵۵״ӣܵõʾ⾧壬ܵõĽ
žǱߴԻ˪ޱȻʵȴһֱڳǱбȣڵսʵ㲻ʲô

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һ޼ʵıѩУͷСı£һУҲˣ൱ǿߵһ
⿿壬Ѿ޷ֵЩԴʱ˿ͷ˶ʮö䰵ǣÿһö䰵ǣֵܵסʮαĺ
ڱµΣջУȴͬͥŲһ㣬ͬʱϹżƷ似䰵ǵѸ
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779 ý֮ս
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̤ϵʮʱζŹĳڶʱǱ뱨ˣ
Ⲣ˼ͣһԹۿҪܹߵһ
ҵҪСӾʲôͣȻҺ;ڵ״ģѾ̤˵ʮĲ㣬˵ϾܳΪ׵۵״ˡ
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ȻΪӱ𣬵ܿԱ񣬲ʧŮʧһöʾ⾧壬һùá
ɫ䰵ȴûùκȥ˼ãʧܵһ̾ͿҪˡ
͹һµ˾Ͳˡ
ۻý翪һ˲䣬ɢ˾ۼĿģ￴һ磬ֻΪһԼĺİˡ
ҹʥΧϰȺѾɢȥһ룬ֻʣ¶ʮ˻ʥΧΧţʣЩԼĿĵġ
ڵˣΪ˹۲׵սҩСУһЩҪû˭ܹµġ
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ڽۻý˵һˡ
ۻýĻУԶᱻľҲʹԶҪϢˣ̭

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ĽȥֻҪʱܽдļƷ似Բ磡
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ţھֶ֮ǱͷڵһƾģͻȻڲͷըѳƬ


780 ý֮սģ
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ôȫֵĻֻһ֮ڣۻý磬ۻýУʩչʲô似ͨ
Ҳ˵ĹŲӰ˲ܸƳս֮⣬ǿȺ˶٣ʩչκֶΣܹﵽİ˳ɡ
ӡ
ֻһͷޣͷ޲Ԫ۳ذףϮһɽȻ¡
诲
䰵ǣ
似ǰ߷ǿ޽ϵĺԵࡣ
һ̧֣ʺ˲ۡ
죬߽ͨ
ͨۻýǧþļӳãĵһ߽ͨڵˣ޾ʺĽͷֱ֮ӽͷ
ܣǻӡнͨʱ;߱ģԺ򲻹̣ǿرǶԸڵĶ֣ʱܱԷѡ
һͻƳΪ߽֮ͨͲһˣǿֱǿ
ʺĽ֣ͬʱʼϼȡӡǣܿ㽫һӡߡ
죡
ԭΪĲ࣬һֱֻǸսֶΣЧƷڣӡֵܹʱ䣬Ѿ࣬һżȡӡǵЧ
ǰ
ӡԸеֶΣԷˣӡǱһɣҲҪܳʱָܻҪǣսᱻ
ռ䴩͸
һֱ̧֣ӷɳͷڵҪ͸Ƭ
ڵĻӡΪ߽ܹͨڵĶʱ䣬ôʱԷ޷ʹκȻᱻնɱ
⣡
ĵ棡
ովһʱоȻѾƣһٴóڵľŨȫȻ۳޾ľĵ棬Ϊ˺ڰеʣµͷ޺ݺݴȥ
ۣۣۣ
ںĻĹŲӰսޣȻûܹӦ׷һɥȪ
һͷԼĻĹŲӰȥסԼʱȴ֣Լ޷ͬʱƻĹŲӰսֻա
ͷͬʱɱǰ⻪һתһ̤˸һ㡣
ʮ㣡
һƬյïܴУɱӰ֮۸֪ɢ㷢оȻкüʮͷڵľޡ
ûˣֻɱ
һݣʮͷҪǴһĻԶԸˣïֱܴ֮ǰʯַΧСˣ⼸ʮͷҪۼһ𣬿ֻҪһʱ͹ˡ
֮ǰܶɱޣ

һ̤ʮʱʥΧۿڶߣһʼ
ǸͨؾСӣȻ̤ϵʮˣ
˲òడ
˿첻ˡ
Ȼ˾ѭȥȴһָʥˮϣΪ˷ܡ
Ҫ˲
һȥʾһŵսڵʮ㣬ܵԽԽأӺܿҪ̭ˡ
ûгԤϣʼ˿ʼԽԽأŹ˲һʱ䣬Ȼ̭
ۻýһȴڴһɫ·ήҵı˳Ϊۻý֮սһ̭ġ
ԭڴҲҪǾۻý֮սüֶζõͻƣۻý似ͨʵ̫ˣֻԼжһʱ䡣
ڵΪڵʮ㣬һʮͷڵ޶ҽΧҪͨʵ̫ˣ֪Щͨ˵жǿ
̧ͷɫӵʥ򣬹۲˵ĳɼ
ܿ죬ͷԼǵһ̭ģʱɫúܲˣ˵²μۻý֮սʮУһ
ôܣͨؾСأ
ܿ췢֣Ѿ̤˵ʮ㣬һû˿˵ļ
ھڵףѾ̤˵ʮ㣬ǿĺڵҶ΢Ѿħۺ׵۵״ӣ֪ǵ츳Ǽǿġ
ڶʮһ㣡
ڵҶ΢ڶѾ̤˵ڶʮһ㣬ֱǰٶȲſʼ
ڶʮһ㣬֮⣬˿µ޷̤ȥǿܳΪ״ӵı׼ˣ
̭ˣ
ܿٴ˾һŮۻý˳ڵΪ̤˵ʮ㣬ȴڵʮ㱻޻ɱӶ̭
˰ҹȻʼһһ̭ˣۻý֮ս
˾ȵǣԭûκ˿õȻһֱֵڣһ˶ûУ漣
ʦֵٶˣڵʮѾһʱ
Ŀǵڶʮ㣬ֻҪȴٶûʲôϵ
õİ취ۻý似ͨԼøǿһսһֻп̤ϵڶʮ㡣
Ǹڻڵʮ㣬ҿӦúܿҪ̭ˡ
㻹ڹעǸûˣһСӣۻý֮սעֻڻҰˣ߸ѣΪȡʲôɼɣҪʦܣǳ׵׵룬˿ᣡ
໥ţȻûһ˿
ʥǽ֮һ¥УɫеټҼټҶ϶ڵʮ㣬ԷһЦ
СӣҪˣ
ټҼ˵ܴʮ㣬ѾԤˣҪȥܣ
Ȼ˵仰ʱˮϵϢˢһ£̤˵ʮ㣡


781 ý֮ս壩
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ټҶҲɫ˵Σ̤ϵڶʮ㣬ҲܳףС̤ϵڼ㣬ϵ󡣡

ټҼ˵ͷɫǲãϾžžĸоԲܡ
Ȼܿ죬ټ֮ȫڵš
ʮĲ㡣
ո̤ϵʮûôͣŹ˼ʱ䣬һԾ̤˵ʮĲ㣬һ˲䣬ȫ𾪣
ôô죿
ټҼҲסˣȻվһָʥˮ𾪵ģ
ǿĺڵҶ΢Ҳûôٶͨʮ㰡ٻ˰ʱ
Ȼֻ˼ʱ䣡
ÿһۻý򿪣ÿһݶһ֪εʮʲô
ټҶǻǵԼʥǽ֮⣬óĳڣһδټҵ
˹ȥʡ
ټҼֱֱվţʥǽָһָܽȥĻڻǽſʣڣϢӦô˰ɡ
Ŀ⣬ʮ㱻̭ĺŮϣֻҪ֪ʮʲôˡ
һЩټӵ̴Ӿ¥뿪ɢȥϢȻϢѾܿ˻
ʮսͬΪĻޣеţֶη࣬ûܵκѹ״̬ģ
ϢټҲ˸Ӳˡ
˭֪綼⵽ʵѹƵģսһ룬ǵʮĶ֣ȴûܵѹƵޣޣеţ
Ķ֣ԷǳѲǺŮ֪ˣǰʮʱɵͨڵʮ㣬ֱӾͱɱ˳
ˣôһڵʮ㱻ɱ˳ʧȥ˼սʸ
ΪֹѾ̭ˣ˶ڵʮ
ƫƫʮ㣬Ǹֻ˼ʱʹȥˣһ̤˵ʮĲ㣡
˿ǼǵãڵʮĲʱ򣬾׾Ϳʼˣôأ
ʮĲ㣬϶ͨˡ
ټҼָָʥˮΪֹ˺ڵҶ΢֮⣬ڵʮĲ㶼ˣƾ޷ͨ
Ըˡ
ټҶϿһۣ״̬ȻһֱʾãƤ£ѲСӵ츳죿
ʱһԶǾڵȺʦֵǡ
ʮ߲ˣʦ֣Ͱ
ֻҪͨ㣬ʦֱܳΪ״ӣҫǾڣ
ֻ˵ˣ϶п̤϶ʮ㣡
ǱȫԾ
һֱûô˵ľڵ۾ǣʼ̸׹Ȼṳ̂˵ʮ߲㣬п̤ϵڶʮ㡣
ĳ֮һĵӣôھͽ˶˭ỳһ㣬ٻõԴҪǽᣡ
˵ĲɱжѡһЩУܺһɱޣôʾ⾧֮ľԵõľ壡
׺ĶԼ˵ʵڵЩʦųǴûô⣬ǿ׵츳һָܱһͨؾСӳԽ
ʥĸ߿ƲУʥ۵ϯͳ۵ϯ̷еĺȾģʱʱµĳ·ۡ
ʥһģûһ̤϶ʮˡ
ۻýսЩʧ
ãҳһΣ
̷¶ζı飬ʵ
߲˶١
Ƴһ·˼˵
ҵǾãǸĻ㲻
̷Ц
˵ǸͨؾСӣ
Ϊ⣺ڵʮĲ㣬ĿǰΪ˳ڵʮŲ㣬ǻڵĶ֣ܶԸ
ǶڵʱԽնɱڵޣΪβܶԸڵޣ
̷һ䡣
ͨؾ
۾ֶֻͨΣѧ˵㻹似ҪԿڵĴڣ̫ѣڣǸˮ롣
ȥ֪ˡ
̷˿ھƣΪڴ·
ʦԼ޿ڲңϿĳЩء

ۻý磬ʮĲ㡣
վһƬޱ޼ʵıԭϣѸٳǰУӰ֮ȫʩչ̽鵽ǰԶһͷڵޡ
һ㣬һͷͨĻޣޣϵϢƺ޺ܲͬ
֪ˣͷ޲ѹƣһͷȫ״̬µţ
Ķ֣˿⣬ֱֶͬĹŲӰһΧŹȥǵصľĸȫȻ󡪡ֱӽǻ޸ɱˣǰ󲻹ʱ䡣
ˣͷҲ֮ǰѡԱʩչȸ㵽ռӶӹһ٣̤˵ʮĲ㡣
䰵ǣ
оԼҪӽһͷˣʼ۶䰵ΧԼתȻܿһͬ
һöö䰵ǳӭȥƾƿأ̧ͷͲٿʮö䰵ǣͷ˸Щȫֵ
ϹżƷ似
Ц˸˲˲ԶͷֱֳӶ׼㼲ȥ
Ӱ
ʩչɾ诲ԽռԭһӰ⹥ͷ޼ûӦ
һѩܣ˱ҪֵһɱȻƾʵεıܣֵܵסϹżƷսУ
ıͷޱƬ
ۻý̤ϸߵĲ似ͨڼս÷ɿ졣
ڽۻý֮ǰƾоܻɱʢ
ڵԸǼһֻҪһ㹻
Ƭԭ͵һ࣬һͷޣͻһͷںı£ܹһͷޡ
۾
ǲҪһԽأ
ȻΣԺܴ󣬵ֻнԼڼ״̬ܹ޶ȵ似ͨɣ
һͷڵޡӦܹƾ䰵ǵֵס
ţܿ˾ȫģŽµıԭһűȪ
ֲıըıԭը飬лʣµľʮͷ޷׷׳˱ԭ˷Χ˹
캮ɵĹֶΣ·һ̾Ҫڱѩ֮У
䰵ǣ
һöö䰵ۣͬһȺөڷ裬Щө桱ÿһö߱ǿķ
֮ߣ
֮ǽ
߶һöö䰵֮俪ʼ۳֮ߣ֮ǽӶܹдΧ
ԽͷڵϹôΧķֶβˣ


782 ý֮ս
һƬһ޼ʵıѩУͷޣΧסĲϱռ¶ȶ˼͡
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һöһö䰵Ǵۣտʼʱ۵ٶȻȲ϶䰵Ǳݻٵٶȣܿ죬Զ䰵ǵԽԽٶԽԽ졣
գʮö䰵Χƣʱ߶֮ߣʱ֮ǽƿأȻɹĵֵס˽ͷ޵ֹ
Щɶڵǿޣ
ҪһĻ˿ȫᱻŴһа٣һܹͨ
ѰҪͨһ㣬ֻҪȴһͷͷˣ˻ʱ֮⣬ûʲôѶȡ
ȻΪûʲôѶȣһҪ似ͨЧѡ
ĻΪѹԶԷ似ޱѸ٣ΣҲԶ׼ģһСľͻᱻϰͷȺŹ
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ѩ
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Ӱ֮飡
ٻӰ֮飬ǧһ֮ɨһͷޣȻһӰݳԶ˳ȥ
һȻ죬Ž±ԭһѺ۳ΧɢȥƬıԭ״ݻ٣
ȻϰͷԭĿأǸأ
ζ벻Ѿ仯ǵӣǻһ𣬳ٱǸܷټ
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ΪһͷޣһȺ֮У侲
״̬£ȻܹȴҲ޷ƣҲ޷ģֻлָЩȫɱ
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ţסĵ׵ĳ嶯ĵȴš
ȻôΧ似ͨٶȼ죬ҪǱ֤ԼİȫһС˵Ļֻ˵ǵòʧ
ԣٴοʼս֮ǰȷԼ㹻ıֶΡ
ӰӰݣЧ֣Ϊʩչ˲Զ㿪Щ޵ֹ
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䰵ǣ
һ̧֣δֱӿʼ۶䰵ǣһʱ䣬۳ʮö䰵ǡ
ʱѾпýļͷ޳ȴֱԶ䰵ǵס޷ֺ
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˷ΣʱѾȥڵʮĲս糯ʱǰһ
ͻˣ
䰵ǣ̤۷֮
ǣ֮
һΧԼʮö䰵˲ɵһȺУȻȻһѿ
䰵Խ࣬ܲըϹżƷ似ķطһ㹻ʱ䣬䰵ǺȻǿ߶пܱը
磬һö䰵ǾҪҰٷ֮һҪսܡ
룬磬ҪﵽըǿߵҪö䰵ǣ˵ûôۣУ˼һɵվǵ
۶䰵ǵٶȣһʮöֻҪʮʱ䣬ȫһöըһڣкǿķֶβܲ
۷徳Ķ䰵ǣ֮
ʮö䰵˲䱬ըΧıȫըɿȥһͷͷǧٿס
ҵıը˺üʱ䣬ʣʮͷ޲δֻܵ˵ˡ
ȻĹͽ

ڸոձըʱڣѾٴʮö䰵ǣʱ˿һη׷ɶ֮Ȼ
ʮĲһͷޣȫ
磬ֻ֮֮µķֶΣۻý磬ҪĵĻǿĹֶΣ
Լۻý֮У˸ģǰһת̤ۻýĵʮ㣡

ʥǣ
ʥǽ֮ڣϰ˶Ŀ¶֮ɫʥˮע׵ս
ڵף̤˵ʮŲ㣡
˺ڵҶ΢֮⣬Ѿۻý֮սгɼõһˣʮŲ㣬ֻҪٽһ㣬ܳΪ׵۵״ӣǹؼһ㣡
ڵʮŲ㣬ڵףǻʾڵĿֲޣսΪǿҪͨһ㣬Ѷȼߡ
Կʾ
ͨ˵ֱ
Ҳֻжľţпõһˣ⣬ʸΪ״ӵľ츳
ڣڵʮŲѾսʱܵҲԽԽء
ؼʱ̣ܿҪˣ
ڵϰˣڿҳһڣ»Ӱ쵽׵ķӣӶڵʮŲʱʧܣǾ̫ϧˣھͻʧȥһĻᡣ
㣬㣬㡭
ھ˲ԶһµŮ˪Ǳ˫ۣһϵģдʣȻף޷̤ϵڶʮ㡣
䣬˪Ѿʱ
С㣬䣬Чˡ
ڳʱԵŮ૵˵һ䡣
仰˪ʱֹͣϸһ۾̧ͷʥ֮ϡ
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783 ý֮սߣ
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׵Ӱɳ˵˼ǣ
˪Ůʱǰһոյ䣬ЧˣڵʮŲʧܣҲζûʸΪ׵۵״ӡ
ֻһ㣬ʧܾʧˣÿˣμۻýʸֻһΣ
ûˡ
ɳʧǵڰյУɫǳѿͲһ㣬ǾͲһ㣬ܽͷʾڵ޸նɱȻԼȴ֧Ųסˣͷ޸ɱˡ
ûˣ
Ϊ׵۵״ӣһֱ׵룬ڣȻ飬ȻʮŲĳɼѾǳ׵۵״ȴȫ㲻ʲôˡ
ۻýУҲõûдĿ꣬鵱Ȼǳá
ƺм黹ǿڴһ£
ɫףʧлָ㳯ΧȥҪĳ˵ӰһǷʱȴֻ˪Ůӡ
أ
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Ѿ̭ˣͨؾСӾȻ棿
عͷȥһۣڵʮ㣬״̬Ȼ˼ǻûܵһˣ
֣ȫܽܣ
˵ۻýÿ趨Ķ֣ڻϵĲһģ˵Ѷһͨ˵Ѷȿ϶ҪһЩġΪͨߣֶβ࣬Ҫϵսǳѡ
ڣȻ̤˵ʮ㣬һսУ
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ɫΪص˾ڵϰȺС
ھڵʦӭ򣺡ףĪҪģ˵ûܳΪ׵۵״ӣ̤ۻýʮŲ㣬ɼѾǳѾ츳ߵһԱˡ
ǰʦܣھֻкڵҶ΢ۻýУ֮ܽѾǳ˲ˣ˿ɶȥˣ
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ɫǺܺõ˵
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ʦܣȻûܳΪ׵״ӣвٺôģ似ͨͻ˲˵ܵõһöʾ⾧壬ƾö壬̤۷ĲΣǿԣǰʮضλãԳԳ̵һ
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ڵҶ΢ڵڶʮ㡣
ڵҶ΢ˣѾ֮һ״ӣܹȡĳɼȻû˻׵ۺħλ۵۹⡣
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Ǻף֮ߣڵʮ㱻̭ɼҲ㲻϶á
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Ļڵʮ㣬СӾͻᱻ̭ˡ
Ǻ˵ҲţһͨСܳԽҡ
ʥ֮ǰǺڳظһֱǾţ֮ĵһʥǣȻ֪ԼǵһҲܱһͨСӳɣ
׵˵ͷ۾ȷˣۻýͣʱԽ似ͨõԽ࣬һ˵ѾСӡ
Σ
Ǻһǲۻýаˣ뿪ۻý磬վֻǸͨؾСӣһֻ־
ǺףѾڵǿߣ츳϶ǱȲ׵ģѾǷǳˡ
ۻýУԽնɱڵޣΣ
ڵޣǺףȷֻҪһֻ־ˣǵΪǿ̫࣬ǻͲʮȻὫ
ͣƺǻҪϲٰɡ
Цһ˵츳ߵĻôֻΪʲôܹԽսˣ츳棬վֻǸߣ
Ǻ˵ͷĲࡣ
ʮ껹δ̤ʲôǰ;

ʥ֮⣬һ¥ϣټҼͶʶһۣ˫Щϧ
ϧˣṳ̂ϵڶʮ㣬޷Ϊ׵۵״ˡ
ûд󰭣ˣ츳һģҲܳΪڵĳϡѡ˵Ļ̤۾ҲкܴܹΪϡ
һ̸߽һ߸Եͷ
ô׵츳ǣûܳɹΪ׵۵״ӣɾҲ
ټ˵Ȼкôġ
ƺˣۻýУһս
ܹԽף̤ϵڶʮĻô˪㺾ͻҪ޸ףʥµĶԼ˵ǾˣʮǼҪڡ
ֻҪɹټҺ;ھʹϹϵ
ȻټҼͶ˵Ȼ֪ʲôʱ䣬Ҫ̤ϵڶʮ㣬ǲܵ顣
ʥڹۿľֻʣˣȥ
ģųɾŵ˶뿴ڵҶ΢˾̤ϵڼ㣬ﵽĸΣӶ˽ĳɾ͡
ڵҶ΢۷ţܹıֵĴڣ˭õ׼ȷϢӶȷȥӴˡ
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ۻýУ˶ڵʮ㱻̭ɼ˾ڶʮ㻹кܳһξҪߡ
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˲ţԼͨؾô࣬ʵǰʱȴɲǲˡ

ʥΧԽԽ࣬ȻҹܿͽԽԽ˶̤ڶʮϢ˹
״ӣǺεȵҫ
Ҫ֪е״ӣʮˣÿ굮״ӣҲֻһѡ
ǰ̤ϵڶʮ˲㣬ҲŶʮѾǻʾΪͬڵĺڵҶ΢˾ޡ
ĳΪ״ӵķ粨δȥٴγһ
һۣһ֮յ״ӣڽ궼ǳڣƤӵ·ˡ
ڵʮ˲㡢ʮŲ㸽ǻʱ򣬲ţۻý֮ս֮󣬽£㹻Դ϶ܴͨꡣ
ǵһԾ̤϶ʮ㣬ûκҴˡ
۵״ӣ
˭һݺǰ;ʲô֯أʮ޷Ტۣ˵۾ǿߣܳΪ״ӣζŽпܳΪһ֮һ
Ȼǿ΢΢ٱȼʮҪǿöˣÿһ۵״ӣǾԵľžޣض̤۾ǿޣ
⣬⣬⡭
ۼ̤ϵڶʮʱټһȫɵˡ
СӣȻ˳۵״ӣ
˼飡
ô˵Ǿڵǰˡ
ټҶϳ˵ټ˵ûʲô׵Ķעһǻʾ⾧壬һСŮ㺣ʤҲʹ߶ġȻСˣǳ۵״ӡ

ټҼʼЩɥôһ˵ȴҲ̷Ӧ˹ǰһȷΪ״ӣǿǺ£ŮϲҲԸóʾ⾧ΪŮһսɼ˫໥ĽһԸ˪޸׸ã
⻰һʱټҵȫǰһ
԰
Ȼʧȥ˾ɽټҿϵĿĳ״ӣ״ӣͶžڣĸзչǰ;
ʣǳ״ӣ
֣ټ˵ɫޱȲãϲЦտ
ܿ죬һȺ˾Ѷʥۼˡڶʮ㣬ˡЩ֮һӸоˡ
һЩ¶ĳŹҼʵƺټҵĴСһ𣬼Ȼ˵ĻǲǰȥټвҪ˰ʮңǲҪȥ
Ҽӱҧ𣿻ټңƨҪҲֱӸŶԣ
˵仰Ҽֱڸ˸Ƶİ䣬ҸŴϸ۲ʥϵ
̤ϵڶʮһĻٴˣ֪жô
ܹ̤϶ٲ㣬ʹδǱΣսԽãҼóԽĶȥ͸
֮ǰټҵİʮңȻǲˣ뻹Уڳ֮⣬Ҫ٣͵ÿߵһˡ
ʥǽ֮ڡ
ҩУħṲ̊ϵڶʮ㣬۾Цһ˵СӣⰡ벻ټҴС۹⻹治Ǹˣڵ׶ˡ
Сӿֻ˰ˡ
󣬰׷սɫǺˬҲۻý磬ڵʱ򣬵ʮŲǻʾڵޣҼӾͱˣСӡ
δŶ˲ò࣬˼ΪֻͣǳöѣӳΪ˳״ӣӴ֮·һƬ̹;
˵֮һȥɣ˳ҩе
ǡ
սײҷľֻܺܲˬĴӦ
һߣУԼ֮һ׷˺һľ
رţۻý֮ȥݷˣȴû뵽Ȼ̤˵ڶʮ㣬𾪡
óʾ⾧壬пǰйϵ
ŴҪȥݷˣȻǰݷãȻܿǰˣ
̤ϵڶʮ㿪ʼעΪʥǵˣﲻЯݷã


788 ý֮սʮ
ʥ߿գƲ֮ϡ
ʥۺͳ۵ϯӣ̷˴Ц˱ơ
Ȼʦ۹Ƕһۿ
̷ˬʴЦȻȫϢ·սһ㣬ڴЦʱ򣬻˸о׽
ϲˣһλʦܡ
˿ھƣûжʼֻ֮Цţ֮䣬оǺ
ۼ״ʵԽǿĳЩжͻף˵Ҳкôġ
չʦʦŵĻʦֵĶ͵Ŷԡ
̷µ˵˵Ҫʲô
似ͨҲ
ЦһͨΪڵǿޣ似ͨض͵ĶһȵϣȻˣȻҪЩҩ֮ˣϾ̫ˡ
𣿡
̷ȴҡҡͷ˼˵ڿս֮ǰóʾ⾧״ģҿҲȱԴġ
Ҳԣʲôã
ȻҲһ㡣
ʾ⾧̺ľﵽϹżƷҩ屶ֲεıУȱԴ
ǰȽȱԴȽڣ϶ǲȱģ
һʲôȽϺã
ҵ͵ˣԼʦֵܣͲһˡ
̷һߺȾƣһЦ򣺡ҪʦģǴʦʥ۵ӣҪСʦϲǿɾ͡
һ뵽¶ˡ
һڵһҶ΢͹ܵˣֶ
ԴҪըˣ񰡣û˻뵽ʥϯ״ӾȻᱻ鷳ġ

ڲ֪Լյһ
ʵϣԼڲȱʲôȻиĳƷҩǾ͸ˣûҲνӰ첻Ϊ
ΪעǣۻýУܴã
Ǹ⡣
Ϊ̤ϵڶʮ֮󣬾ͷֳǰһͷޣڣȴޣѰе㲻һ
Ȿʲô⣬ؼǡֵʩչ似ͨͷ޶սʱٶû֮ǰôˣ
ϸоһ𾪵ķ֣ۻýеĻþƺڲϼ٣
ʼʱǧþ似ͨٶǧڣ̤ϵڶʮʱȴֻþڼ١
ڣۻýֻʣ°˰ٶþҲ˵似ͨٶ˰ٶ౶ȻѾ٣֮ǰһЩ
üͷͷ޶սͣ۶䰵ǣȴǻ޾ȻԼ˲Сѹ
ͬʱΧɽڵĻУ緢һЩҽֻܶӲ
ֲǿȴҲ鷳
⣡
һʱԽӲԶɽҽԽ죬Խͣʩչ诲Щ
ҽ緢ԽԽ죬诲ڵõͻƣ۷徳磡
诲۷ܹ֮ǳԼȫ£ԼͻƿռͣӶܹ죬ƵĽ˲ƣ
˵ԭ诲һ֮˲Ƶʮ֮⣬ôڣһ˲Σÿζ˲Ƴʮɣܹ˲ʮԶ
Ҳ˵̶ֱӾԭı
ԭԽԽƵҽ緢ԽԽѣ诲ͻƵ۷֮󣬾һֱ˲١
Ǵļ似ЧȻ
һϲ壬Ŀɲֻôκֶ˲ƣܹ˲ƾ룬ġ
ڶӰܲ󣬵տռЧͷǳˡ
ҽ緢ɲʲôвʱҪԸһͷڵĻ޾ͼ򵥶ˣԷһͷޣҲĶ֡
䰵ǲۣ֮ϴ߶ɽ·һƬս
֣֮
ӡ
Ϣ
ʩչŸֶͨΣΪܹۻýܿ죬оԼԾֵ֮ﵽٽ㣬ʩչһξܹͻƳΪ߽ͨˡ
ʱͻأķǰһ䣬ԭոոֶȻСĽͷ޸ɱˣ֮ڵĶָܲסޣʩչüֶη֮Ҳûֵܹס׻ҷ
ڶʮһ㣬ǻޣ
̧ͷΧȥһƬ𺣣ȴû޵Ĵڡ
ʩչӰۣ֮ʩչͨͨͻƵ˵죬ֻ̽ЧһЩûٴ̽ⷶΧ
̽⵽ķΧֻһ
ףֻ
Ӱ֮۲̽ȥȻۻýڶʮһĿռ䣬ȻֲͬĻ
ڵĵطһƬ𺣣ʮ￪⣬ȴһƬ
ںͻֽȻͬĵνĲԶͷͬϢţһͷޣһͷޣͷڵޣ
ȻѶȴ˵̫Ѷȡ
һⳡͿʼ˼
ͷڵޣ಻ԶȥԸһһǷ֣
֪
ޣǰμۻýߴ˽⣬˭Ҳ֪޺ͻ֮Ĺϵô
ȴʹ˵һ㣡
壬壬壬ľ壬ĸ֮䣬ûʲôѺùϵһ¶໥жԣصʱ򣬲Żʱˡ
֮ǰڶԸͷľ޵ʱͻȻαװɱ֮ȴܵҵĹԭˡ
ͻ壬໥ĳͻ͸ˡ
԰ɡ
һʩչͷ޲Զһʯ棬һĹŲӰȻʩչӰ֮飬αװһͷڵıޣƨߵߵĳŻ𺣻ȥ۳һͷϮȥ
Ȼαװıתܣһıԭ
ܿ죬ͷڵ޶ͻȻֵСһȻޱȷŭſһѸͻ
αװɱС޵ĻĹŲӰûüӦͱǵֱ֣ӻΪ˷ɻңһӰӶû¡
һĻȻŭͷޣ
ŽȻͬĻͷ޶ʱս棬෴໥ԭڻϨ𣬶¶ʱʱͣȻǶһԵЩܲˡ
ǽӽȵĵ£
棬ǸߴＸǧȵĸ£еضڻȻΪ塣
ǿߵǿȡ
ڴˣѾʶˣڹĵֻͷ޾ͷѣҲû뵽һССֶξͷ޵ìܣʹ伤ս
һʱȥޱ濾һ̯Һ壬ϵĻҲúȻϨڼ
֪ԼջʱҪˡ


789 ý֮սʮ
δֱȥͷһϢĻޣö֮ܵƬԭϡ
״̬µĻޣԭϺսֻҪۻĹŲӰûĹŲӰ;ܺܺõӪһֻһ˵İȫ
һֱʱ似ԺΪǳҪŻۻýеʱ㹻ߵ״̬
ߵԭϣ𺣶ʮĵطȻ۳ĹŲӰڸѲߡ
ȻͿʼ
ͷޣӦ֪ҵĴڣ״̬϶鷳ٵûָȫʢ״̬Ÿ뿪Ƭ𺣵Ļɡ
ţƷӦòǺǿʱ϶١
似ͨٶֻ߰ٶ౶ˡ
տʼ΢΢üͷ΢˼һŲµʲôһ
ۻýôõʥأΪβһֱţÿֻһΣ϶Ϊʲôƣ
ۻýĿҪеķӡԼ۾Ϊܹʵ֣ɼ֮󣬶ۻýĴڣȻĳַġ
Բ²ǣַһֱտռеÿ¾Ϳۻý翪һΣ֮ڶ߽УǧþĿģʽ
ÿһþͻۻýеһЩۻý翪ڣܹӱٶ似Ļþ϶ԽԽ١
ʼʱ򳬹һǧ㣬ֻʣ߰ٶ㡣
ˣڵҶ΢
۾뵽ţҲ֪̤ϵڼˣȻԽ߲Խǻۻý
ǰʱÿ¶һһ̤ϵڶʮģڣһӳۻýдȻͻῪʼˡ
ҲüӿٶȲУ뾡̤ϸ߲ȻԽۻýĸ߲սУ似ͨٶȾԽ죬ܸȫۻýˣ
¶ģȻʼѸ

ڶʮ㣬ˡ
սʥΧȫڶʮˣж˵ڲ²⣬Ϊò̤ϵڶʮģ
ڵ˵ڶʮ㣬Ǻˣһӵжǿʵ
Ҳ쵽˰ɡ
Ʋ˵ǿڵҶ΢ҲֻڵڶʮĲ㣬Ҫ׷϶ûôףԶҲ׷ˡ
ôС˼Ұ˾ʮ㶼أڲѾ̤ϵڶʮˣҵǾãᴴ漣Ҳ˵
ôҲܱȵϺڵҶ΢ϾѾħۺ׵۵״ӣҪ˻ǿĻΪ״ˣҪۻýμӿ飿
ô˵ҲûҷǾãܳڵҶ΢˵츳ʵ̫ˡ
ʵϣ۵Ҳû뵽ۻýս
ʱ򣬳Ʋֻ̤ϵʮңϾʱսǺǿҳȨǶܡȭȴļ似
Ȼڣڽۻý֮ǰϹż似䰵ǳѧɹȻۻý磬Ѹ似Ӷӵڵս
û۸Ĵļ似ֻʹϹżƷ似䰵ǣֱۻý̤һ󲽡
ңһ̤ڼ㣬ûȷء
쿴ڵ̤ϵڶʮˣ
Ҷ΢Ҳǣλ˵츳󰡣ÿζͬһʱ̤ϸһ㡣
ǲ֪ܵڼΪֹҾãƺǰµǸĸǿһЩ
Ӧǲɣھ˭ǿһЩ˵ֻܵſսˡ
ʱʱ䣬˽ȴйȥˣĳٴ
ûб仯ˮڣȻһϢ䶯ڶʮ㣬ˣ
һ㣡
ڵҶ΢Ҳ̤˵ڶʮ㣡
Ϣ䶯ƺڵҶ΢ǰ汼Уں׷һȻжã׷ϺڵҶ΢ȴʵ̫׷ˡ
ңѾһ漣̤˵ڶʮ㣬Ϊξûܴڶ漣أ
΢΢֮ǰһ뷨ʼΧʮߵ֮Уѿ޷ֹ
رǵÿʱ򣬶ʾĸ֡ˣ
һ㣬ڵҶ΢ûڵڶʮ㻨˴ʱ䣬˶ˣȻ֪ʲôֶκˣ;ȷܹˡ
ڣҲ̤˵ڶʮ㣬ڵҶ΢Խ˵ﱻ̭
𰸿»һʱܳеľѾΪš
˪Ůڼ̤ϵڶʮʱѾϲڼֱǰһ·̤ϵڶʮ㣬̲סľϲ
жǿ
ԵڶʮĳɼΪ״ӣ̤ϵʮĳɼԱȵĻǸȫһģҪ˵ʮ㣬̤ϵڶʮ㣬ҲǷǳ˲ˡ
˵һ˵ĸоǲһģϵԺĵλ
Ͱǰ
ȻѾҪΪԼ˵ǣ˪Ȼ뿴øõĳɼΪֻǵףѡ

ۻý磡
ڶʮ㣡
һһֱʱֱӽһд۷忪ʼ̵˳Ȼ֮
۷徳ܹٶ߳ɣҩЧɡ
ڳȻܹһĻٶȣڵҩЧɵ
ɵĵҩЧ
ٰܽ˳ɣһһöҩ൱ڷö̫ˣ
̲ס𾪣ͬʱ뵽Ͽ϶似ɣ
ֻ磬ļƷѾǶˣҪõЧõģʱûʲôܡ
ʹ֮ǰҲȷ˵Ч似ʺͶⷽͷ
һֱӳ̵ģֻϧʱ֮似ͨٶֻʣİٶ౶Чֱ½
ؼǣͷڵĻָ˰˳ʵҪ鷳ò
ڱԭ£޵սѹɣɻͷ֮ǰתֱ˵ڶʮ㡣
ոתĵһһѶȣҲ̫Щɣ
ֵĵطȻڣһ޵ıڲͨӰ֮۵̽飬޵ıݣһıݣöľмӹ̣ƾʵ޷ƻ
ճΧкüͷڵޣ͵Ϯɱ
層ڵޣʵüΪǿȫûܵκѹƣ
պãսҵ似ͨõΪٵ
־ϲһѶȺܸߣΪˣʺ似ͨ
һֱӭͷޣȻ


790 ý֮սʮģ
һսۻýڶʮ㱬
層ڲУ޾ͽɱû˿֣֪ڱȫԸˣҪȻ層ڲֻ·һ
Ҫ似诲Ͷ䰵ǣʩչ似ֻͨΪ˽ۻýеĶþ
Ȼֻʣİٶ౶ٶǱҪˣĻᣬɷ
ٵѹ״̬£ÿʩչ似ͨܵѸĹ̡
֣֮
һȣһֻ׹ֱ۴дֱܳӽһͷڵ飬һͨͻƵ˵죬Ϊһи߽ͨ
̤߽֮󣬾֮־ͲֻзӡˣǳΪһֶΣƻ˿ڵʱľϢһһͿռЧ
Ծֵ֮ʱ򣬶ʩչռĵٶȽܵӰ죬תҲ
򵥵˵һдԭĿпޣһǿĹͿֶΣ
ĴԹƣһڶֵʱҲ𵽼Ϊؼˡ
ڽͨͻƵ˵죬Ϊ˸߽ͨȻ̶ȣƺҪͻƵѶԶǰ
΢һ£֮֡ӡϢͨΪ˸߽ͨȻʩչٶ̶ȶû̫ı仯
ѵڸ߽֮ͨҪͲҪ𣿻Ҫʲôôʱ򣬵ʹ
ͨ죬ۻýеļˣҪѡ
֪ͨԽھʱ򣬾ͻɱΪǲǿߵı־
ԭֻ֣ĻӦòܹŶԣڵȴǣûʩչ
Ϣ
һϢһͷӡӡ޷մȻת˸䣬ǰС
層У·ͨ˴ľмӹ̣İӰ֮۶޷͸Щǽڣ̽Զֻŵ·ǰС
֪ڶʮʲôҪβͨҪӳݣҪɱ룬նɱǿߣ
ţǺȷǺܿ˾뿪ݣеĻٻͷ뱤룬նɱ죡
ʵ֪ⱤûĴڣеĻǾͿ϶ڱ롣
øʹ̹層ݵĽҪҲȥ·
ЩңҲʹ޶ǳ˽⣬ҲΪѸٴڶʮṩıϡ
層ݵĽѸͨ˴ͨȦȻܿͷ֣ԼǰޣԽԽ٣ʵԽԽڵޣܾûˡ
ûãǰһƬ˹ǵˡ
䰵ǣ֮ǰ̤Բ֮ڳųȻ̣ŻһĽȡ
һйţһ̤層ݵĳڡ
һ̣ǰ䣬һƬıԭϣȻ̤һ㣬ۻýĵڶʮĲ㡣
ڶʮ㣬ֻһʱٶȱȺڵҶ΢Ҫ˺ü
һж層ݵϤȴҲȫֻкôҪ֪似ͨҪսвܻۻýþڴˡ
Ѹͨڶʮ㣬Ȼ似ȴûֻ̫࣬ڴȥһЩУиӼҵսԼ
ڶʮĲ㣬һƬԭ
ʩչӰۣ֪֮Χɢȥܿ췢֣һƬԭ·Ȼͷڵıޣÿһͷ״̬Уڱг˯š
Ҫͨһ㣬Ψһİ취ؾɱͷڵޣͷޣһϵĻֻ·һ
üͷ΢壬һ˼Ȼ¶΢Ц
һֶûУǸպøԼǼõĻᰡ
ûж룬ֱڱԭ϶ҿʼÿʱ򣬶һ㵭ǳԣ·ᱡɴϣɢŵɫĹâ
ǳ֮ߵĻٶȣԼõҩ֮ĵرʱЧҲõ
δãƺǳͷ޵ߣԭһ֮ͷڵޱƱɱ˹ǵضֲ̬ͬĺĹΧ·Ҫڱѩ֮У
ǽ
ֱʩչֶΣһ˲ȫڣһغ޵Ĺ˰ı棬ֱӽŰ飡
ЩȴǱֵһʮö䰵Ȼ֣ڱұը֮
ڵ޼սٴοʼ죬ȣȽսдٽ诲䰵ǵ
ڻܹ似Ҫ诲Ͷ䰵ˣ̤ͨ˵죬ԸһڻͨҲ൱ѡ
Ӱۣ֮ڵ죬һֱſӰۣ֮۲Χһʱ޿̶ҲѾԶ
ڰӰ֮飬㲻ͨˣһҪɨǲαװ
֣оͨ΢΢Ҳ֪Ҫβͨ

磬ʥ
̤ϵڶʮĲʱ򣬻Χ۵ڶ߾ˣƺĲ
Ҫ֪ڵҶ΢ڵڶʮ㿨˺üʱȴֻһʱͨˣѵıȺڵҶ΢Ҫǿ
ڶʮ߲ˣ
˾Ȼ˶ڵҶ΢̤˵ڶʮ߲㣬ھۻý翪ѾӽҹˣҲ˵ڵҶ΢սĲ˶١
ҹ֮
ڵҶ΢̤˵ڶʮ˲㣬Ȼۻýб˳˵ע⡣
ǺڵҶ΢˵֮ӣδۻý磬Ѿħۺ׵۷ֱ֣Ϊ״ӡ
ڿ˵ʵȻףڶʮ˲㣬Ͳ֮ǰȡһĳɾͣžף
ԭ˾ãǴۻýʱ򣬿϶ΪǻϾʱ򲻶
ǵǴۻýг֮ȴΧ˶ûзκȫһļž
ô£
ʶĻͷʥ濴ȥϢֱͷޱ𾪡
ڶʮ߲㣬ˣ
ڵڶʮ˲㣬ʧܣ
Ҷ΢ڶʮ˲㣬ʧܣ
ôܣ
ڵҶ΢ɫһ䣬ڿѾҹȥˣǶѾӵڶʮ˲޷һʱ򣬾ȻиۻýУҽŲ֮
ڶʮ߲㣬ˣ
ڶʮ˲㣬Сӱذɡ
ڵû˿УֻǿһʥϢߵһϢҪúһá
ۻýеսǳʵ˴
ŮҶ΢ǳӣɵ˪ŮԣȻŮ̸


791 ý֮սʮ壩
䰵ǣͻƣ
诲ͻƣ
ʱȥ̤֮˵ڶʮ߲㣬ѶԽԽߣȻûˣȴǷѾ˼ܹͨҲ似ڵõͻơ
䰵ǣԲͻƵ˳Ȼ磬ϹżƷ似׷ӳ̤볬Ȼ֮ʩչһеĽΪԭʮ֮һȴһʩչ֮ƻҲһҪǣ۶䰵ǵٶͬһ
Ҳ˵ڵÿʱ䶼ʮö䰵ǣ
˵ۻýвҪģȴǿǵ磬ÿһö䰵Լٷ֮һһսԳá
ھͲһˡ
Ȼ֮һеʩչΪʮ֮һÿһö䰵ǵֻۣҪǧ֮һ
µ磬ҲܹһΪֶΣǹǷǳ
诲۷̤Բʹܹǳͷų诽硣
诽ķΧܹ㣬ڽ緶ΧڣԼ֮дڣȫ̶һ㣬ҪԿ诽Ļͱķһ棬Ӷṩᡣ
诽磬ԸڵĶ־ûʲô̫õЧˣڵΪĶڶʱ诽һֱӾܽԷ˶ס
Ȼ⡣
Ϊʱ似ͻƣۻýеĵĲˣʼǧþھȻֻʣ¶ʮþ
Ҳ˵ڵ似ͨٶȣֻ൱ĶʮٶȲ˵죬սۻýʱ˵Ѿǳˡ
ҪǣоٹãĶʮþ޷֧ȥʱۻýоûʲôôˡ
ô˵ٻжʮٶȣܷȹһ˵
̤˵ڶʮ߲㣬ȻʩչӰۣ֮ڶʮ߲㾹Ȼڵޣ
ͷڵޣýռĸ򣬸ȻԵãȻҪǰڶʮ˲㣬뽫ͷȫɱС
ǣλɱ
ڣڵ˵̫ǿˣ˵ͷֻһͷܽܡ
һö䰵۶ɵ֮ǽᱻһȫ飬ĹǿһоϢ¶޷ƶԷķ
ֻǻɱˣ֮ǰǴһ
ܿ뵽˷
ʱԺĵӰ֪ڼǰ̤˵ڶʮ˲Ȼ󱻻˳ġ
編ƣϴһֱӰ֮飬αװ仯ΪһͷڵıޣȻܵڵı޲Զǰȥһͷޡ
޺ͱ޺ܿսһ𣬽ţ˼һ⣬ǾԶľͻ޵ս
İӰ֮飬ֻαװɱޡ
Ҫľͻ޵ս϶αװɱ޹ȥȻ϶Ӱ֮飬ֻ취ˡ
ˣҲ϶αװô϶а취Щ໥սġ
һ˼뵽һ취αװޣǾͲҪְ
һֱӳľڵƬмжȥӰǱУԶԶͷľ޵ʱֱ׷γһֱӺ˹ȥ
ľޣڻĵУһȻȫ˺ȴüΪŭŻϮĵطͳɱ
ľ֮޺죬ֱӽ۵ĵطƬܿ죬ƬֵıԵһ۳һĻٴγϮ
ľŭɶֱӳֱԵɱȥ޾ľԪۣγ棬һ·ϽƬֶƻ
ڵޣŭƻΪֲֻƬ̣Ƭֶ㱻ݻ٣ĶȻ˲ԶĻޡ
ľֱԵڻɽ·йƻ˻ɽڸĵΣΪǶԼƣʱҲͺŷŭˡ
ʼٸȥӦеĿϷģȻʵϣȴɽᡣ
Ϊ޵սʵ̫ңͷͬʱսֱӲýռ䣡
һľ֮ޣһֵҽٹٱ޵ı£޽µĿֲʯÿһöʯڵҳһ޴Ӷ
޵κι˵Ǽв
ʱ׼ϰö䰵ǣԹʱȳԶҪǶĻֻϰö䰵֮ǽȥײˣһ˵ֵܵס
Щ޸սûҪֻǲǿֵס
Уѹ˿һͷСҪǹֻҪЩ޷ֳʤͿˡ
诲䰵ǣԶʮٶ
Ȼ֮ǰ̫࣬ٶȣҲǻϲģֻٶȣܿܽ䰵򵽻
ȻܷʵܹǸУڵ໥սûл̫ʱͽսͷޣûһͷõģٶˡ
ͷޣ˺ѳ˺üΣ
лʣͷ˵ޣ
ʱˣһоϢ·ԻȪɭϢӣֲľ޳׷ճ˷ɻң
֣֮
һֻ׹ֱۣչͻƳΪֻ߽֮ͨ׹ֱҲøӾ޴һץʮ˵ģʱͷϻ涼ϨĻϣֱ˻ҽ
䰵ǡ֮
Ͼö䰵ǣֱӽͷըΪᣬҷǿΪֻܰö䰵ǣȻһٽɱ
ͷޣȫ
ǰת̤˵ڶʮ˲㣬ǰģһͷޣһͷڵޣ
ңͷ޲֮ǰޣ壡
ޣǰİצȫɭ׹Ϊۣа˸ɭצӣԼһԿ򣬷ٶȼ졣
ڵޣǵһμڱѩʶĳۻþУػձľͷޣΪһģһ
ҪҶԸͷڵޣ
һѶȿɾʹˣֲĶһ㱻̭ȥ
ʱ֪ڵҶ΢Ҳһ㱻ܣֻҪлᣬȻ䡣
οۻýлʮþȻܻʮ౶似ͨٶȣô˵ܾ뿪ˣ볢һ²У
ãϴγۻþ֮󣬾͸ʹһޣ֪㣬ûпܽɱ
һ˼ûκԥֱĹŲӰȻ߶ĹŲӰ峯Զ˿
ڵޣֻҪһܽɱȻԭصŶԷ֣ҪΪǿ
ûĵĻĹŲӰԿͷ޵̣
֣֮

ӡ
Ϣ
ĹŲӰɵ֮⣬ֱӷָĹ˲ǿ֣


792 ȸԡ
һȥͷڵޣȴ˿ûлңֻɭצӻӶռһлϣֱӾͽйֵ
óıǿռģڵ壬пֶܻΣܴ⡣
ţʱ׼ʩչӰܶԷĹƣһɸ߿յսӰҲûκôֻԷӲӲˡ
䰵ǣ
ûκԥĹŲӰͷųһι֮̿ʼ۶䰵ǣĹŲӰ۵ٶȲÿҲ۶ʮöҡ
ĹŲӰÿʱ䶼һö䰵ǣ
Ҫɱһͷû˵ޣһö䰵ԶԶΪͷóռȷܷըԷ
ȻʶһĨΣյ٣ԥʩչӰԭһӰȻԽռ䵽֮⡣
ͷһȻ޾ȻռŵֻɭצӽµĲӰץ÷顣
ҪǸոĶϰģôѾ˶ԷУΣ֮
ֻˡɣʥ
̤ۻý֮״ηųʥʥֵ˲䣬ޱ㳯һƿգϮɱ
տռĵޣԼ˲ƣֱӷֱıͻĹŲӰҪֱ˺ɷ顣
ֻϧʥպó֣չһƬĿռڵޣ޷ֱ˲Ƶˡ
ţʥǧ֦Ⱥħ裬ͷΧС
ʣʥ޵Ķ֣ȴԺɵһʱ䡣
ۻýͷųʥ޵ģסͷʱ䣬֦ͱռ飬ʥ״ݻ٣
ʱһ̧֣ʱİֱ֣ӽͷС
Ȼⰵǽȴסͷһʱ䣡
ö䰵ǣ
ɨһΧԼĹŲӰѾ۳ܹٸ䰵ǣȻĻ϶ܽͷһɱ
Ҫǧ䰵ǣʼμԽƬýռȫݻ٣
Ҫﵽ̶ȣټʱ䡣
ֻҪټʱ䣬пܽɱ
տռ鲼ռʱ޻ܶ㵽ȥ
һö䰵ǱըǿֻԸͨؾĶ֡
Ȼʮö䰵һըĻһöըʮǾ˵һٱΪ䰵ըǿ
ܹһǧö䰵һըĻڵޣҲܳܵס
ǹؼǣͷޣʱ
֣

ֱӷųȻУͬʱ߶渡֡
һ̣޵ɭצӱȻץ棬Ȼֱӽǿľ飡
Ըܵһ޵İֻɭצϣʹֻɭצӵƻ·ûȵˣʲôܹһצ顣
ǱԴ֮
кǿߵıԴ֮ͬˣÿߵıԴ̬֮һǰͷ޵ıԴ֮Ǹɭצϣצӵƻ
˼۾Ȼ۾ٶƻÿ죬ֵʱ䣬ͱǰֻɭצӳ׻
ǣҲֻܴӴܳʱȴһ
Ӱ
һʱ仯ӰƬУԭɸ߿գûʲôӰܸأڣƬȴṩ壡
ৣৣৣ
ʧȥټʱֻצӲϻӶֲĿռмռ䶼ƣԭɵĴƬȫСƬһξˡ
һӰںܶСӰɼֱӾͻצɱռɵУһ̾Ҫ˺ɷ顣
Ȼʱʱսˣ
䰵ǡ
һҧΧΧĹŲӰֱӽ۵õǧö䰵ֱΧ£һ̾ͺȻ
䰵ǵıը֮˲͸Ƭռ䣬ͷڣԼС
˵ˣͷ޶޷ѣ
ȱĹŲӰȻѳɵƬȫ䰵Ǳը˳嶼û¡
ٽžˡ
޻ڱըٵǰһ˲ƶ㿪Ȼը̫죬ټαըռ䣬ӶӲ
ʵͷ޵뷨ܺãʵûҪȥĻĹŲӰֱӽɱ˾㹻ˡ
ȴû뵽Ȼӵ˶ֶΣֵܵʮʱ䣡
ը֮أͬҲˡ
ѾڵļˣڵΪƲʩչκ似ĻǶԸʾڵǿޣҲпܵġ
ڣܹʩչֶλ̫һˣƾ诲Ͷ䰵ǣҪԸͷƿؿռޣѶ̫̫ˡ
ͷǰ诲ֱ񻹲·Ӥһ׾ޱȣڶ䰵ǣֵסԷĹơ
ۻý磬ͷһжǻþδʧʥҪȻɾҪˡ
һǧö䰵ǺȻϮƬռ䣬Ҳδ⣬ڱԼը֮ǰʶʩչһȸ
˿ֲĺ䱬ټǰ̺ſռɱһȸ
һȸȴԺͻȻһ£ͻˣһֱûôʹõ似Ȼʱͻˣ
ȸ֮裬̤뻯
ϲĪԭΪԼۻý֮Ҫˣȸ̤֮뻯Լ֮󣬾ȻһĺɫԼΧԼ
ȸԡ
δһ򵽻Ȼǿ󣬲ܿ죬֪в̫ǿΪ֮ϸһûУؾСܽ׺ɱ
ȸԡܹģȴԭǣһȫṳ̂Ĵ

Դֻʧ̾Ϣˣˣۻýеǲɴͨ˵ڶʮ˲㣬̤˵ڶʮŲ㡣
ǳģȴû׷̷۵ϯ״ӣȻ򵥡
뵽
رǵ̤ϵڶʮŲ֮ҪԵľȻͷڵıޣ͸̷ˡ
ԸһͷҪҪˣ˵Ըͷƾڵʵûܡ
̷ȴͨһ㣬̤˵ʮģ
׼ۻý֮ˣͻȻ䣬ȴȵķ֣ɷ˵Ȼ̤ϵڶʮŲʱ򣬻ָȫʢ״̬
ô£
ˣһƴһƴ̫ԲԼˣ


793 
ڶʮŲ㡣
ʱ˿̣ʥѾȫľˣŴδ漣Ҫʼɣǲۻýڳʲô⣿
ȻڵҶ΢Ѿڵڶʮ˲㱻̭ˣۻý϶ûĲŶԡ
Ȼ̤˵ڶʮŲ㡣
ڵԭĿ񣬵Χ۾һۿʥϵϢ
ڶʮŲ㣬ˣ
ڵ¶ǿҵս⣬ԭһͨļһǲмģڣͨļһȴۻýгԽĳɼ
úڵȤ
ǻʾڵǿߣǿ̫࣬ǰʮ߲ʱ򣬻̫۾ޡ
ڵڶʮ˲㣬ٵȴǵ۾ڵޣ˫ʵ̫ˣûܹܶ֡
ۻý磬ﵽ˵۾֮޷ˣΪۻý޷ܵ۾ǿߵе۾ǿ߽Ļ²̤ϵʮ㣬ۻýеͱĴˡ
ԣۻýֻѡŵǿڣڵڻʾڵʱ̤ۻý磬ǿͷһûʸˡ
۾ڵޣսΪֲͶռ䣬Ͼּǿߣʥжֻвˣ
ڵ츳վֻлʾΪԵ۾ޣվֻаһ;ˣҲڵڶʮ˲һʱ䣬ű޺ɱġ
ûĻͨؾڵڶʮ˲ʱڵޣ˵޵ʵ⵽ѹƣͨؾܻڣ
ڵòһ˫ɱͫУս⣬лĻҪúдд裡
ڵǸԭˣȻھս
Ϊڵֵͨսȵ̤ͬľ磬Ϳ϶ŹսĻᡣ
ڵ֪ţھȻֻͨؾ϶Դ㣬ڱֳ츳Ϊ˳۵״ӣԴ϶٣ʱֱ׷Ҳ顣
ֻϧڵȴûոʥ˸ϢϢΧΧ۵ʮ˾ۻýǳ⡣
ոڵڶʮ˲ʱʾһ¡֣Ǻܿͱ˺ˣһ̤˵ڶʮŲ㣬ô£
֪ѵۻýˣⲻ̫ܰۻýִĵطϰû⡣
ǣѾһˣô˵̤˵ڶʮŲ㣿
ֻ֪ܵʱѯˣ˵ۻýеս۱̽ġ
Ϊһǧö䰵ǣڵͬھʱ
ܿ죬ΪȸԡȻṳ̂ķˣȴţԱ˵ڶʮŲ㡣
ڵ˵ڶʮŲ㣬ΪλȫָΪ֮ǰȫʢ״̬ǾԼ֪ˣ
ÿ̤һԶָƣܣ̤ۻý֮ǰҾʹۻý˵ĻԼ似ͨȻлָƣҪ֪ۻýпûеҩܷõġ
иشš
һ߼ѵֵͷ޵ĺһ˼ţܿ˸ܵĲ²⡣
ۻý磬ֻ۴һǧþطÿ޶ֻ似ͨΪսϵȵζʲô
ΪܵһۻýУ似ͨŻ١
Ȼеۻýսʱпܽ״̬ͻȻ磬£ʵеı壬Ѿͻƾ磬ۻýУȴ֡
˵ʵͻˣۻýеĻΪǲᷢ仯ġ
ͨԡۻýеĻѾ˷ˣףһΪı仯ۻý緢˵Ȼ
ԡֻۻýз飬ʥһδ
ۻý⵽Ϊ仯Ծֱһۻýս
ȻֻĲ²⣬Ȼʮа˾ŵĿȴҲȷ
ٵսҲûκΰ
ͷڵıޣ
þȫֵͷ޵Ĺ䰵ǰǧöˣȴȺͷ޺Ƭ
ʱͷڵıޣһǰһйֲĺԶ
ȻոռʱļսȴѾҵһᣬһսʤͷ޵Ļᡣ
ͷޣһͷһͷأͷޣӦһЩ
սͿһٲȡжĻһͻᱻͷ޼йûκεֿ
һз˲ֶΣѾ⼸֮ùˣڵֵΨʹɱ
֮飬ұ
ھóһһͷϢ嫵ľ֮飬Ȼ֣·ԵȪϢͷڵ޶סˣ
һʱʩչУȻֶΣɱֵĻǾԲʩչһɱﵵġ

֪һֻһεľ֮ɱﵣֻסͷʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣͷȫǲ״̬
ɱȪ
һֱӳԼͷı޺Ȫ˲䱬ɢͷС
ȻڵޣޱǿһУȻûܽɱ
ȴҲ֮Уŵĵڶռ䴩͸;Ϣͬʱͷ޵ϣ
ƾƿأƾԱ޵ϤϢϸϸһһ䴩͸͵õ˼
֪޵㣬ϸСľϢܻɱͷڵǿޡ
֪һ˵Դֱһذͱ˵Ĵȣֱۣţ޷
ԸҲһ
ʹ͵֪ܽһɱڴ
ϣնյĴ͸ͷ޵ڣǿɱ
֮壬ʣһʱ䣬ٴοʼ۶䰵ǣ׼Ըʣͷǿޡ
ʣһͷǿıޣǺǿӦÿһˡ
ţʣͷ޵Ĺƣƾ䰵Ǻ;ƿأȫԵֵסֻҪһὫɱǷǳѵġ
⽫һʱõĳ־սģƾƿأڳ־սп϶ռơ
˫ƾУг־սʱʤؼ˭ֵþãۻýУͷ޶ӵƵ˭Զȥ
£Ӱʤľʧˡ
˭ʧ˭䣡
Ȼطƿأƿط漫Ϊܳκʧ


794 ս
սʱۻýʣҲ𽥱ĸɾ
̤ϵڶʮŲ㿪ʼǧþֻʣʮþֻ似ͨٶʮͷڵı޲ʮþҲʼʧ
ͷڵıޣյıԴ֮Ƿں֮ͬյıԴģ߳յıԴġ
Դ֮ͱԴģֲͬ
бԴ֮ķҼܻͷޣȴҲ޷ңûıԴ֮Ļƾ䰵ǵֵܹס乥
ţȴ诲Ͷ䰵ǣͷ޽в
ڵޣۿԼȻͨСӶˣЩŭԽӿ񱩡
ƣ
ֲֶͬαͷʩչµһ֧ܻĺüö䰵ǣȻȴܲͣ۳䰵ǣÿʮڷͬʱȻĶ䰵Ǵ߶ը
˲㣡
㣡
㣡
ۻýУһµϱģڿҪĴˣ֪þʧۻý罫ΣȻܼӱ似ͲŹᡣ
ȥĻվκβͷޣӵзʵıԴ֮ʵ̫ѶԸˣͨռ䴩͸ȥᱻֱӵɡ
ͣսУоԼ似ͨٶȱûȻ죬Ҳ첻˼ˡ
㡣
㣡
ۻýУֻʣþ
Ҳʱץסͷ޵һʩչ߽֣֮ͨһƾ˶Էڣ
㲻Ƿǿһлܲȫ
һǱͷڵľģڲĳͷЩεȡ
Ȼ޵ǿȣǴڵȫģǴڲҲûܹ̫ܵ˺
ʱͷβȣֱֳУǰȥ׼޵㴦ݺݵĴȥ
УϹżƷսҪɱͷڹһޣֻƾвˣǾϢǶ䰵ǵı޷˺ͷޡ
Ϣɱ˸ոͷޣΪסȫûзûзʵıԴ֮
ڣԵͷޣȴһͷ۲۵Ϲ꣡
ֳһߴ£һʩչӡͷ޶סһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ӶʮУÿһζΪ׼ĴͬһطڽԷʵıԴ֮飬һСȱڣ
Сȱڣ˻ͷ޵ϣûͷ޻عֱſͣϢڿۡ
Ȼֱӽ볯ͷޱԴСȱڴ˽ȥ
Ϣ߽ͨھƿ۳ϸϸһ֮䴩͸ʩչǿһУԽ˿ռ䴩͸
һУֱӽǱ޺õɿȥȻӵбǿٱȴɱһϢֱӻ㣬
ӱϿͷ޵ֻĳطһССᴩҵͷ޵
ˣ֪޵㣬ԲܺɱһͷޣڿǽϵĶˣѾȫ˼ڽɱѶȿ֪
诲䰵ǣ֣֮ӡϢ
յһֶΣֻһУ޷ͷ޻ɱ
ͷڵޣվնɱȻȴҲƳȫɱﵣȻвû޹ŵ
սĻͨ޹ŵڻսøɡ
ǰתֱ̤˵ʮ㣬ͳ۵ϯ״ӣ̷һĳɼû̽һ˾Ǳ˺һۻýĿռ䣬ƺڱĳ˺
ˣۻýǧþھȻֻʣһˣҾսҲٵЧ
ܿ췢һ㣬һȻǰ˲ת䡣
ʶʩչӰۣ֮ܣȴԼһУϥ׹ǴۻýгˣԳʥĵС
һ˼һڷ˳ȥⴰɽʱһȡ
ʦܣ̫˾ϲˣ
շɳţһЦӲԶһ֪˭˳۵ϯ״룬̷
̧ͷȻųɫ̷ЦĳԼ

Ϊۻý֮սڽˣͷ̤˵ʮ㣬ȫھ£Զ
ڣʥΧ۵ߣۻý翪ʱҪ֪ۻý翪ʱ򣬿ǶЩкôģЩûΪ˿һȴˣ
Ϊܹۻý̤ϵʮģȫ˴ǿߣ̷֮һϯ״ӣպпܻ̳иʦ²
˭ȿһۣȻлĻȥύһ
ۻý֮սȻţҲ֮ǰ츳ڵҶ΢̤˵ڶʮ˲㣬̤˵ʮ㡣
ʮ꣬ûһܹ̤ϵʮ㣬ȴ˵Ԥϣһ㡣
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һ̤ۻýڶʮ㣬Ϊ׵۵״ӣ츳Ȼ츳Ȼܹ̤ۻýʮ㣿
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˵ǰһѰޣֻӵһ츳
һߣ˪㺼ʱ򣬼ϲ
տʼҪʱŮֻǻԿ̬ȣڣŮȴΪԼ˸ľ
ֲǰûʾ⾧ģԭǶԼģҾ˵ǰһʤģףȫûǰ
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һʱĽŮҶ΢ĹϵҲòŮһ˹ܿǰ׷̷
ȻŮ̧ͷ˪ǸмϲҶ΢Ůȴ͸ŨŨĺ֮ɫ


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⣬ռλʥĵһǧʮ㣬ʮΪ鷨ܹⷨռǳ޵ȻٶȣһٱĳЩʱ̣ٶȽᱬһǧһ򱶡͵ÿǳй켣ˣҲԤϡ
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⣬ҵһ壬ϣ˷񣬵Ȼչǰ񣬶ǾɾѡģѶȽϸߵ񣬲ӦĽҲܸߡʦ״ӣҲѵĵҩ似ṩֻͨԼŬ׬ȡ
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˪ȴǰסеĳ嶯ҪȷǰĻͲһʱǵȰǰ¶С
ո̷֮ǰöǣмŵģǳʥķӡŮֻҪЩӡʥɳ롣
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796 
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磬ĵһö֮ͨһֻ׹ֱۣڶö֮ͨѾһʹö֮ͨһͷܹ֮緢Ϣȵȡ

˺üöļƷҩյԽԽ࣬öͨӱ仯ٶԽԽ졣
ܿ죬öͨӵ̬𽥱һֳ䵶Ӱ΢΢üͷ
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۲һΧе鷨ȫӡǽϵģɢŨǳ֮ߵôࡣ
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Ҫ
Ϊ˵־Ǽģֻʹðʱָɣٴȥһޱݣʱ⾧϶ȱ
Щǻ̷˵ȳ۴˻ͻʽΪ״ӣʱյ
˪˵
ţлλˡ
˵ͷȻͻȻʵ֪λкδ㣿
⣬˪㺶һۣȻͬ׷ǰ
Ȼ˾ͲýǰˣǼΪǻ͵ǰ𣿡
ЦŰ˰ֱ֣ӽ־ˡ
ǡһǽɡ
˪һ˼ֻ˵
Ҳǡ
Ҳͷ
Ů˵ֱӳƺ̫òˣͱǴ󣬽һ硱Ҳûʲôס
ҲС
ƺ˻ڱѩʳĳŵˣЦһЦȻңǾͷĵɡЩõľԼãûõľͽҴһôȥҵǡ
硭ðһ䣬ʲôط
˪дźʵ
ҴңԶıѩʳӦöûڱѩʳһвѣҹӾͻȥ̽ǣʱǵøǴЩȥ
ش˵
һ㲢ܣΪֻҪһ£ܵõۡ
ѩʳǻ˵
ȴû뵽˪ԣʱϲ˵ǰҲԱѩʳǵڶӱѩʳˣǸѩʳĺʮ
ʮûܳţ˪ѩʳ϶ǳǿ
ֻϧˡ
Ҳûо˼һǻȥ
ˣмæ֪ûпգû̫ãʱ㹻ˡ
˪ڴ
˵˵ܰһ
˵ͷ˵
ȥټһˣӹﰲȵ
˪˵
û⡣
΢̣˵ͷ
ʮŮ츳ǳһƴ꣬ɱ¾Ҫġ
ڰһŮºŮ϶Ϊģ


799 ټ֮
ڸ˪ǰټ֮ǰȲ鿴һʥе塣
֣ܿеĶƷҲң˻֣˵ͨ񣬿Եõ˻֣Ӷ˻ֶһҩս似ȵȡ
ֻҪӵ㹻˻֣Ϲż似Զһ
Ȼ鿴һصϣڣóǿ似ϹżƷ似˵ûʲôá
壬ͨɸѡ壬רṩ۵״ӣõĽһ˻֣ͬʱõӦۻ֣񣬾ܵõһЩۻֻ֡óۻ֣ܶһĺö
鿴һ¿óۻֶһĽȻľ壬ϹżƷҩϹżƷ似ȵȣһϵܵõĶ
ȻҪһЩҪĳۻּǺģĲ˵ϹżƷ似ĳۻҪɺüѶߵ
ϣѶߵǡݻ޳Ѩ
ʹеޱݣﱻѨǶһ˼
ˣһȻǺйأ˵ڵĿҪԸֲĸȺ
˶Ը֮⣬ϻвٽ֮ЩѶȽϸߵҪԸ۾ĵ죬ĻҲ㲻
ϧǣڵ˵Ѷȶ̫ˣ
еѶȱΪһǵǣһףѣȻɾѡϵ򵥵Ķǣ
򵥵ĶҪԸ۾ǿߣˣ¡
̾˿ʱôϵˣֻܽһЩ޷̽
аӰ֮αװ֣ͨټϸ鷽ƺʣպ׼ԴĳޱݣһЩ񣬿Ե˳ɡ
֮⣬ϻһЩֻҪ׳һЩԴһԸݾ׵ʼֵһһ˻֣Լ˵ҪһЩĳۻ֡
ף񲻴
۹һƳȻһƺѻ˺ܾõ񡪡Ѽ
һύһЩδȷϣսҲãϰҲãȵȣܹõ˻֣Լۻ֣
Ĳ׬ˡ
ʱϲȻϲˣҪ˵޵˽⣬˭ܱȵùʹ
ʹǱڵϢŵǴĻֽһҪһһǧöľ壬޸Ҳ㲻ʲô£
Ȼö֮ĽһϽҪȻڸ߱ˣһܲţ
ȳۻ֮ҾȥһٽһЩϣһܽ󻯣
;˽ȥĿ֮꣬ǰ˪㺻ȥһټҡ
ټңȻûʲôøУ˪ļƻֱӾͱʾͬ⡣

ʥ֮⡣
˪Ů뿪ʥټһ߻ȥ;˵ע⣬˭֪ŮвǳĹϵ
⴫ԣŮŮˣ
˶ʺãɼ˶س̶ȡ˪㺶֣ǿʱֻΣ
ϧǣŮȴûӰò˴ʧ
ŮֱټȥϢܿʹټ˵ĶټҼڵȫ׼
ǵȻҪ׼˪ڿ֮ˣŮȻԸصټң֪Ըټ˰ɣ
һ£˪Ůγϵã
Դˣټ˶о˪ǼŮţȴҪ˶Ա£ɼټҼٳΪһǶôʧܡ
ټ֮Ҳ֪ҲǴ֮٣˭֮ǰ˭˪㺺ܲأ
һеĸԭ򣬾˪ĸףֻٳˣ
ٳԭ䣬ΪӣȻٳϲ˪ĸףʱǳòֻϧ˪֮󣬵һ󲡣üΪ㲣൤ҩ޷κãٳܿԶˣ˪һ𶼱Զ
ٳζ벻гһҪ˪ĵطֻҪܴߣһŮΣ
Сˣ
ܿ죬ټҺĸۡſڣ˴һ˶ټҸ֮ۡվţٳ˪ĸ״˳һϣ˺չš
˪㺸̤ټҵʱ򣬿ľһĻΪ⡣
˪ˡ
ٳ˽ɫУһӣ϶ЦݣޱȺͰ
ԴˣԱŵ˪ĸףһ̬ĸˣ˾Ϊοɣ˪֮ǵһ󲡣Ψһ룬ܹõٳһġ
ڣΪŮһŮԸԳˣԴʱŮ¶ΪοЦݡ
š
ڼٳк˪ֻǵĵ˵ͷȻĸף̬ĸŮ뽫͵ʥȥʥ˵ǿܹκĲ
⻰һŮжʱһĨϣɣκò
ԭԴȫûָˣ˵ĻδزκĲܺõĻ
뵽ŮЩԥ̧ͷٳˡ
ټң˶ٳģٳͬĻԼζ߲ˡ
ٳ˪Ļʱ
˵ʵ˪ĸ뿪Ϊֻڣ˪пܻصټ˪βɣȴٳûоܾĿܣ
УУֻҪ룬ǾͶС
ٳֻð˰˵Ů׵ȷԲס㣬Ȼȥ飬ȥɣδΣԺֲ𣿡
š
˪˵ͷȻ˻֡
㺼״ǰȥ˪ĸ׵ΣȻֱת߳ټҸۡȻûһ˿һ
ٳһµģ˪ûиߣûг嶯
ףʵѾˡ
˪ܵѾԼĸԶˣٳ˵ȥҺ㺣ȴߣҪߡԣֻԺ㲻ټҺ㺣Ҳټ
ⷬʼ˵ʱٳҪβ˪ת⡣
⻰˵ʱٳѾˡ
Ȼˣ
ⲻѾͷ
ٳԣټҲ·𶼱һͰˮ˪˲
УٳʮĴӶʱЦ㲻Ǻܵʥʱ򣬲ǶټҲⱨӦ˰ɣ
Ц˪֪̾ԼһϷݶˣټ֮˵ĿЦһ̿ʼ¶ɣ


800 ׷Ī
˪ʾԼٸʱټҼȫɫ
ٳɫŮˣ˵ټѾʧȥ˽ύû᣿
ʧȥ˵õܷ
ٳ˵վŮҲ̿ܿ࣬ɣټסšΪ޸ף
ٳô˵ļӣҲ˪ļҲô˵Ͼ˪ٸĻټ˵ûʲôֵˡ
ȻҪš˪ȻҪ˪Ϊټʲô޸ڵףһ㹱ס
˵ˣλֻǴҽ󲻻ټҡ
˪ټһƬЦٳҪ󣬶ʱңԭټôһ˿˿룬ڿôһ˿ʵ̫޴ˡ
ټˣһȺ
ɲ㡣
ٳһһ֣ټҵĻʾ϶ʱɳΧ˪ܣƺ뽫ץ
ûټУǸڵŮӰˣʲôõģ
ٳһ޸ףܶټ棬Ψʣ
ټң𣿡
ʱһЦټҸ֮ۡ⴫˽ţһµЦֱֱ̤˪ȥ

˴θǿټ˵Ŀļʮ꣬Ҳǿ˪ԸͣȻӲǼˣˣǿӲͻƵڵľ磬лټѣԲ˵
˪ϲŮ֮鰮ֻǶһĹġ
ʱټҾȻֱӶֹ֣˪뿪֡
Ӱ֣ʱټ֮ȫһ
ǿ˪еĹػοʱ򣬸к͸˪ŮˣȻƭǣûнߣȴݳһϷϷˣǣ̫ɶˣ
˪㾹ʹթ
ٳĴΪ㵣ȶ˪ѣʱȻҲܽʵһ
ֻ뿴ǵĿˡ
˪վߣֵľȻһְȫУͨѡ
̧ͷһٳԼļν磬¶ѵЦݣӽ쿪ʼ㲻ټЩˣټˣǱԶӣˣܹˣ
磬߰ɡ
˪ͷ˵
š
ټҸûʲôøУ˵ڹѾĿֻΪ˴˪뿪ˣڣټҸټˡ
ٳվԭأ˿ЩΧ˪ټһʾϣҲ˵κһ仰ټ֮ˣֻĿ˪ټҸۡſ̤뿪
˪ȥıӰټ֮ȫ׷Ī
֪˪һȣǾȻ޴ţ˪Ҳ̫ЩڰװɥʧһύĴûᡣ
˵ύˣڵ¶ټҵӡ󶼺ܲã
ϧöϹżҩҶûзùǸĵҩ
ٳЩϧ˵
ٳվһ⻰ҪѪⶼʲôʱˣСӻڵöϹżҩϢ
ֲټû䣬ԼһȺӶĿֻ֪֮Ӹ죬ʱϻ̫˼
ƾһѵܷ˲ɡ
ٳ۾뵽徹ȻȥңоΪˬˣ¶ӱɱңֻΪϴˢɰˣʱ˵ôˣҲ֡
ȫһȥ
ٳһȣתȥ
Ϊ¶ΣټңҲΪУ

ټ뿪֮ʹ˪㺡ĸϣһȥʥ
·Ϲ۲һĸȴȻǵһֺļߣ˥ϣϢңҲʲô취ҽεĻ»ꡣ
˪㺵һֱܲãܵ˵ܹټˣҲһֽѡ
ټңĸ֪ܵ˶ٿ࣬뿪Ǹ
˴ĸʥһİ´ĸǼһ£Ȼӵ̤ʥһǧʮȨޡ
һԭûƵģڹԱΪ֮򡱡
ʥҲַʽӶܹܺõһס˭ֳһЩ鷳
ܿ죬˪ŮͰĸٺˣֱǰ鷨ʼˣһһ߸֪ǳȡ
֮ǰ似ֱӼ¼һöУһʱʱ䣬ȻصֻȻ磬ҲǺľһ˪Ů˵ʱ϶ǹˡ
ŮȻʱȻѾ̤뻯ʱ»һöˡ
һ似˪㺴Ϊȣһֱţֻ˵似Ĵڣȴûм벻Ȼˡ
似ڱѩʳμӳۻþʱᵽģҵĶڵǿߡ
Ůһ£ǴγۻþУڵǿ߶ʧˣֻҶսҲⲿ似Ϊˣ۲Żҳ֮ɡ
ԭˡ
ŮһʱðСǣ벻ʱͨؾʹüƲߴǿᶫֲûᱻۿϡ
ĽͣŮҲ֪ѩʳʲôطǿ߶ֻлʾڵΪѾеǿˡ
ʥǷΧڼֱǲġ
˵Ǹĵ۾ڣǰ˱ѩʳҲܳ׳ưˣ
Ȼټӵ˶ԴȴûгһгϢģѩʳټԴȣȻҪ࣬ѩʳȴĺš
Ա֮£Եټҵķ
ȻѾ˪㺵Լˣûд似ϹżƷĶ䰵ǵȵȣ似漰ܣܵˣҲ͸©ֺп֮֡
ֱڣ֪̫۹Լʲôܣâڱʱ̶þţʥУʲôǰҰ
ȥļ죬ڵȴ۹ͬʱ似鷨Ҳ˲ȫ߶öͨˡ
ڼ䣬û뿪֮˪ҲһŮǹϵǽٶȵ似Ůӡ
ڵȴ֮õ̷÷ӡϢ۴ģˣ


801 ۹
ʥڶ㣬ۻá˷µʱŻῪһ¡ׯϵĵط
˪Ůŷӡ˲ʹ֮͵ۻãһۣͿѾڵˡ
̷ʦ֡
һۿɫ̷ͦΣվɢ˵ƣͬһη
ɱ޲ܲƣѧѧ
̷΢Цŵ˵ͷʦˣʦˣҲʽΪ״ӣȻҪ飬Լĵۼ档
š
˵ͷԴѾ֪ǶԼյΪ档
֮ǰѾյܶˣȫʥԼܱҪύͳģʮͳĶãҲֻһЩϹżҩƷƷУ̫۹ͳһöʾ⾧塣
ڲͳʲô
ڴ̷˪㺵ҲڴȻ͸ǵģʶһܹ԰ɣ
Ҫ֪̤ۻýʮţҪǱͲһЩöĻҲ̫ˡ
ʱۻУ̷ֻԼڣȫǳ۵״ӣĵ۵״ӣȻǴĵһˡ
̷Ľ£ܿʶˡ
һͬɫӣӿΪ㣬ͬɢ̷ǰ˵Ϣ
۾۷壡
е죬ʦ֣һޣЩµĹͲٶ١
̷ָͬɫӽܵ
ʦ֡
ͷǴк
̷ƺûô˵ֻ΢΢˵ͷûκ
ʦ֣֪ԶʵȴҲףڵ۾ڣʦꡣ
̷һߵһӣֳһֻտȣϽţէһ;ô˷ʵͣ˾ǵ۾ڵţЩ̫󡭡
һսʱ򲻻ֱӳһֻտȣȻȱըӶɱаɣ
̲סЩȤζš
С߰ɣɱи
ü۵Ŀ˼ŮΪĽ˵ҽٷ磬С㿴ʦǲٷ磬Σ

û˵ֻǶٷ磬Ϊ֪˵Щʲô
ˣ˵СƫԶıѩʳǶС˽ˣ
ٷƨߵߵܹʵ㿴ʦҺʦ಻䣿

˰ΣȻŵʦޣֻ񡣡
޷޷岻⣬氮һУС߰ɵðʦ֣ƽʱʦ㼸ôңһжˣ
ü۵Ķ˵
ðɣۻһΣûԼʦ𣬾ӲűƳýˣ
ӣһȥǸУʦõ𣿡
ʱһ˹ʱ˳ж˵ע
Ҳͷȥһɫӵ꽣ͣ꽣Ϳ˵˧һѳɫһϹżսҾԲƷ
ֻϧ꽣ͳе㰫ֻܵļʵ䲻Ӣòϧ
Сģˣ
̷һۿе㰫꽣ͣЦŴкʵ
㶨ˣˣգ
꽣һЦͷλʦܣ˵ͨΪȻ̤ۻýʮ㡭ףͨˣͦ졣
Сߣλʦ֣츳ߣȺ
̷˵
ʦ֣á
ò˸á
Լҵ֣ý⡣
Ц˵Ȼȴָָٷ磺һﾹȻʦãʵǵ죬ҲԼУҲʦã
ûʸ˵
Ȼ֣ȴ߰
ٷбһƲӡ
ӣֳ
ʱŭˣŭȳ
㰡
һЦ˿塣
ʦ֣û𣿡
һԿܣЩա
û£ֹˡ
̷Ҳûʲô취ֻҡҡͷʾȥܡ
ٷ磬һһʱʼܣ֮ḻʵǰδţ˻һԲϾʹ
ȴǵĹͷˡ
˵ǾԲֵܶġ
Ϊչʦֵ֮飬Ϊ˭ȶ֣ʹ˭ˣϾһ
Ȼ˭䡭
ȿȣʦӦÿˣҸλ°ɡʦֵ֮º˵ڸ׼ĵ۵ˣúڴɡ
̷Ц˵
š
еȻڴͳﰡС
ڻûΪ״֮ǰ͵õֻ˵ǳ͸ڹȵһ
͸ڹȵˣôʱĵ͸ĵǶôĶ
˸˸ط£Ȼ߸£ϤӰͻȻۻС
ɫ۵ߣۣ
һϮµŮӣģ
һۻãֱע⵽һԵԼ˪Ůʱ¶Цݡ
СӣҲµʥǣȴ벻ôˡƺڱѩʳǵһ۹
ۿһۣЦʵ
š
ֻõͷȷûôֻǱƶ˵۸Ƶġ
ʮ㣬һҵ̫Сˡ
ڴɫϧ̫ˣôþ̤С
š
ٴεͷϧĲ֪̤Ļʱ̤룬ֻ¾粻ȹ̣ʱѹͨˡ
ͻƾıҪĻַӾܽͻƣսͻȻͻƣǿתսֵġ
˵̤ۻýʮʱۻýˣսȥ
۶һ䡣
ǵûУýûбҲûս֮
ʵʵ˵ҡҡͷ
ͦǫ顣
ЦЦȻֱ˵ڣʽΪ״ӣԸ⣿
Ը⡣
Ȼֱͬ⡣
ˣȻˣΪʦԼɣҪʲôֱ˵ֻҪܸģû⡣
ЦŵСʱǰѩʳṩһЩսģߺʹļ似ˣأҪʲô
⻰˵ʱȫ
˭֪Ҫʲô
ʲôԣ
ʵ
ȻֻҪС
۵ͷ˵
Ϊ֮һ˵죬ǿ֮һֻҪϴڵĶʲôĶò
šҪľ塣
һ˼ֱ˵˳˵꣬û˾ȣֲĸ֣ԽԽá


802 ϿʥȪ
ľ˵дô
Ҫȳ޸Ҫһǧöһľ壬ܽ޸ΪϹżսֻǳ޸ѡ
ȥҪһ޸Ҫһöһľ壬Ҫȫ޸Ҫʮöһľ壬֣˵ԿԽ۶
۵Ȼõóʮöľ塣
ʵϣǳۣóһľҲ൱ѵģҪ̵֪Ľʥֻǧöһľӹ̶ѡ
ľĻѶȣ֪ΪܹĶǼӹʥõľ壬ҲǴޱаġ
仰˵磬Ҫõľ壬ֻȥɱǵıݲУ
޸Ҫһǧöһľ壬ҪԴġԴģҪһǧöһľתֽ׶ΣҶľߵġ
һ뵽ԼôľͼΪͷۣ֮ǰʹһ𵷻һޱݣźòŪٶöһľ塣
˼˵ҪԼŪһǧöһľĻõʱ䡪ٵõޱݣ
ôʱ䣬õȡ
պڳҪʲôͺԥ˵˳
Ȼ˵ľ塱ĸ֣ۺΧ˶Щ죬û뵽Ȼ֪ľĴڡ
ľ壬˵ֻһôǾġ
΢΢һ㶣ȻЦЦ˵һδģתľԣֻҪöһľ壬ͿԽȫ򡣶ң似ľתЧҲֻҪһٶö͹ˡ
ԽԽãһǧö
ҡҡͷǺܼᶨ˵
˵ʦ۵ֻһöľĻҲ̫ʧ˵㣬޸ʮ֮һ
ҪȻó۷ǳ죬ȻԼ״ӵҪȻܾ
иԵһľٶʮöͶ͸ɡ
۹˵ֱӴӻȡһռָ
ӹǿռָһӸܵУȻٶʮöһľ壬ӳ۲˼ĽóЩľȻǳ۱˵лˣ
лʦ𡣡
Ȼˣٶʮöһľ壬еĻ൱ǧöңǶһʲƸ
Ȼܽڿʼ뿪ʼľ壬Խ޸
ˣСߣܲ˵˵Ҫôľʲô
۶Դ˻ǷǳģϵĽ˶ĳϢҪһ㡣
ҲûʲôֻǰһյϵʱżȻõһдεĴļսսе˵ֻҪõ㹻ľ壬ͿԽǼս޸
ʵʵ˵
ӵ飬֪ˣҪ֪õļսѡ
ھ۵ϢҲ֪ôˡõһжصģ
һὫǵעע⵽˭ܲµõʵӵоӡƿأ
û˾ӡȴϹżƷսУûκ֪ɵʱ濾ߣʱȴ˻˯״̬
Ϊһܵڻ
ΪˣŻὫ޸ᵽճֱҪľ޸Ҫ󣬳۹Ȼûʧ
ԭˡ
Ľͣ˵ͷڳۻþʱѾܵһڿǴӵе͹սдˡ
۲ûжʲô磬ָĴ̫ˣҲֻһְˡ
ҪľĻóۻִжһʦֺͶʦ֣ǿɶǽ޳ѨˣϿ϶Ųٻ
Цѵ
лʦ𡣡
ٴл⻰ȷǸṩ˲˼·
ǺѴݻޱݣȴ˿԰һרŸģʦ̷ʦֵ죬һֱںսŲľɣ
ȻҪԼʦֵģöǶһ
⣬ӦҲвľ壬ԾһЩԼûõĶȥһɳۻ֣ȻһЩľ
ߣչľʥУкڽľ彻׵ģܽеĻ϶ҲһЩ
û˼̫ã˳֮ĵۣҲڸۻУҶףΪ۵ĵ״ӵġ
˵سյһλ״ӡ
ħۡ
ħ״ӣղõڵǰسۺһݴ
ϹżƷҩħ
öħУ̺ԶԶԽ⾧ӵмΪİӰϢöҩܹǿ밵Ӱĵϳ̶ȡ
Ч൱ڼǿӰ裬˵òԶ
ħۣôֱʣħϹżƷĵҩһ궼ö
ۼ˵ҩΪˣϾⵤҩżѵЧ
лħ۴ˡ
ӹһöħԻΧħӰ֮ڵħӰ˸Ϊ
ͳöħͲܵħ۰
Сֵܣʮ겻ľţħΪ˵˲׼
ħ۹һЦڶӵһ¡
ʥ۵ϯԼʥ۵λ״ӣʥ۱˻û֪ʲôȥˡ
ʦܣܱǸʦʥʥǣֻҴʦףˣ㿴ⶫ𣿡
ۣţȡһСƿӣֻСƿװһƿ峺͸ˮƿˮɢһ
ϿʥȪ
һԵ̷ֱվΪȵĺüһⶫóˣ
ϿʥȪ
һЦ˵ֻҪһСƿϿʥȪգռ໥ϣȻ̤ؾܽգ˷ѵ
ˣϿʥȪܹ֮ȻȻϿģǱԴ
һʥ״Ц˵
Ͽģ
Դģ
ʲľˣ벻磬Ȼû֮ԴĴڣȴһЩıҲܹԴģ
Ȼڵֳһ˵һ
װԼ֪ЩɻʵĻֻּ֪ĿӡģġǿⱾԴģʲô
ҲֲΣľǱԴӡġ
ЦЦ͵ְӰǱԴѵ֪𣿡
ԭôһ治֪Ǵǹսġ
ٺһЦףʮݼɡ


803 ׵۴
˶ϿʥȪҾȵԼ̤ؾ㽫յ
ռԵۺ˺þãֻҪ¶ϿʥȪϿģһֱԴ
ϿʥȪطǳɣ
ʶһ䡣
ãȥʮ䣬ʥ˺ܶطѵôһСƿ
Ц˵ʵϣôһСƿϿʥȪûʲô̫ãռ֮⣬ϿıʵҲ̫ߡ
Ǻιʣ
Щ⡣
пռģտռ䣬Ҫ˲Խ򣬿ǧöϿġǹԼǿģܹÿռѣ룬ѵĿռ䣬Լҽȥ𣿡
һ룬ȻЦŷʡ
һӾˡ
ԭϿȻǿռģȴԽռ䣬˲ƶȵȣֻһִĹģ
˵ϿĵĹԺǿֵͰ
µʡ

ҡҡͷϿǱԴģ˵Ϊǿ󣬵˶֪Ҫ似ܹͨӳؼڣұ磬ҲһпϿϵ似
ͨ͸ˡϿĵģȫǷùϿʥȪģҲ˵ȫؾߣߵͨѶܸͣΪϿйصͨˡ
ε˵ԣⶫ󣬵ȴûܷΪûкʵ似
ԭˡ
Ȼ򣬱ҲЩϧʵȴǲ˲ϣʹ֪ηӳϿĵ
ʹ⣬ս£϶ϿġлֶϿʥȪͿóˣ϶Ǿ۽ԼСеģҪȻô֣ܳ
Ȼˣʹп֪Ͽϵ似
ʥ۵ļ״ߵԱߣʱЪϢű׵ۣԼ״ǰ
׵˶һ֮Уһ־ۻõ¶˺ö֮࣬һȻЦһЦ
Ӣ۳꣬㣬ϣպܹΪеһǿߡ
ӳһСƿӣֻСƿоȻװһĻ棡
Ӱ֣ﵽؾеֱ밵Ӱԡϡ
׵ܵⶫ˵ƺֻһãǾˡ
Ȼ˫ϱ
˷׷׾̾Ӱ֣ɲѰϱĳַ˵ֵԳŵĶϿʥȪ
Ȼ˵Чֻһ룬䱾ֵǼߵģͳӰֲεıɼ׵۶ҲǱкܴڴġ
˰ӰеôԺϣպÿʩչĵֶΣ뵽׵ۡ
ͬģԺÿʩչռҲ뵽ʥۺЩԭ
֮£ħͳħȻԶʵϣȴӡ̡
л׵۴ˡ
ĸл
ؿ
׵΢΢һЦת״طȥ
׵ȫΧڻУ˿ףԿûлΧĻ׵ӦһλΪ˧ꡣ
֮УûŮģ
Ȼ뵽һ⣬̲ס˳
էȻʳһ⣬˾Ȼ漴㷢˺ôЦ
ЦãʦʥۣһŮӡ
ԭˡ
Ӻף˼һЦǸ̫ðˡ
޷ʥ⣬⣬ɲǵһʵġ
ЦŰ˰֣ҹС
׵ۺܿҲ˹ˣа״ӣҶ΢ͷһ׵ӡǵŮ
ˣ
׵Ǹ׳⿴͸оޱȣڴЦдۻãͬһۿ
Ҳ˵ʲôֱߵǰԶ֣Сӣ߳㣬ñϸơ
׵⻰ЩĪһ۳ۣ۵˵ͷȻⲽ˹ȥ
׵һߣһ߿ǰңϸϸĴüȻŵ˵ͷСǰ;˵绹ߣʤǱ޴󡣡
ɻˣ׵ʲô
һԣħһΪˬ׵۵ӣֱʵ۹ʱ򣬿ֱӽħ͸СӣҲ֪СԴİӰֻҪħʵضһ¥
׷ӣʲôó
ħЩ˵
ħڷͳУȷǶģ˵⡣
׵˿ûнħ۷ӣ຺߶۲üĵͷħ㼱ʲôҪͳĴħôܱȵϣ΢
׵۵ԶŮҶ΢ʱһ㶣ȴδ˵ʲôֱ˹
ħۿˣһöħʲô
׵۹ЦֱһѣƵ߹Ҷ΢ԣȻˣۿ뽫΢СӣôԼ˵˵һöħʲô
⻰һۻ˶ˡ
ʲô
׵ۣȻ뽫Ҷ΢⣬⣬⣬ֱⰡ
˵һöħټ϶ϿʥȪӰ֣߼һ𶼱ȲһҶ΢
Ҷ΢̤ۻýڶʮ˲ţڲʮ꣬ȴѾﵽʾڵΪǰ;ӡǣпܼ̳׵²һ״ӡ
ڣ׵۾ȻпܽԼ״ӣ
ֱҪ˰
ĲˣʵϣҶ΢Լû뵽Լʦľ
͸û뵽ˣ뵽˸пܵΨû뵽ȻҪһϱ
ۿۻ˶ˣ׵ˡ
׵ۿһȿȣôﹻгɣ¶Ҳδ΢Σÿ΢Сֵܵ˼ң鲻һʱܹġ
һĻʱһԵħЦһ
ϷӣװǰûԼҵ˵ͽԼ˳ԻҪҿϷû˸Ӧȥɣ
ħ⻰һʱõΧ˵ͬ
ȻҪ׵ۺͳۣȻ۶׵۵Ըǳ˽⣬Ҫ˵׵Ϊûģȫţ
ƨ
׵۶ʱһۿʵ⣬ϣСһߵһģţã
⡭
һԵŵˣæ׵ǰ˿²׵ɣ
ô۵ĵӣ
׵۵һ仰ֱӽ͸ˡ
˵ʲô
˵һ䣬ͻᱻΪƲҶ΢Ʋ׵ۣǺ
Ϸӡ
ֻаһ׵۹Ȼ׵ۣоǸϷӣԭδᵽڣᵽһ㡣


804 
û֪׵ôġ
˵ûɥĲȥһСŮ⡭ţҶ΢ֻǸʮŮԾǸСŮӵмǿ츳ҲֻǸСŮ
ʱ˱뿪һҲǺʶˣ⣬Ҳʶ۵״ӵʵ
ÿһǵ۾磡
ڳδ̤۾ģ֮⣬ֻкڵҶ΢ˣĸǸոճΪ״ӵģΪԵʹ
ֻڲͨΪ̫ˡ
Ҷ΢һֱǵͷ̫ҿӣȻ׵뿪ˣ֮ǰعͷһۣЦһЦ
֪һЦʲô˼δôϡ
ħ˵ģ׵۸ո˵Ҷ΢ֻû£еӦˡ
Ҫ潫䵱ˣ鷳ɾ֮ˡ
ĵ뿪֮󣬾ֻʣ³۵Լˣ۴һӣֱӽ˴ʥҲʥڶʮһ㣬֮
֮Уͬʮ鷨󣬿ۺ״ӵĴ
˪Ůһô˵鷨ۼȻԼҲлܵ
˳֮򣬳ۺܿʧȥˡ
ʣ˾öˡ
ֱ˴ʦ̷Ͷʦֵ죬취ѯǷһľ塣
λʦ֡
ҵˣ뿪ڣδ˵Լ⣬̷˰֣Ļ
Ҫľɣ
̷ǸһЦⶫòףҺʦֻÿ궼һ޳ѨҲֻܵõٶöľ壬ʱֻһöҪľûãһûֱӾ׸ˣȡۻˡ
ô˵ǵȥˡ
Щʧ̷ƭԼ̷˵͵˶ĵʹﵽ˰ٷ֮٣ûҪתһľ壬ôõľȻǻˡ
֪Ҫľ壬ǰǵõľ͸ˡ
˵ʱǶЩӲһЦһ䡣
óɱ˿̷ٰ֣ǸΪļһҲԼʦܣŻǿЦһЦ
˵ͷ޷ȻˣҾȥ˿
˪㺹ĸһ̷ЩƽһεĴ൱š
Ů뵽ŵ龰׵۾ȻҪյŮ״Ҷ΢оЩɬ
֪ҪǲŬһЩĻ϶׷ʵʱ˵ǿ¾ûʲôˣпıҲ˵
Ůİ¾ģһҪ磬ǰûȶҲˣڼȻ鷨һҪ󲿷˼Ͷ뵽У
һĳ߹ЦһЦ˵벻ôټˡ
ǰ
˵ͷȻ뵽һ£ʵѩʳǱߣׯ԰޸ðɣ
ģҸ濺ͺ¸һöͨѶͨöͨѶǿʱϵҡ
˵
ҼǵԴȪУһǿĴͷ󣬿˵˲䵽ԴȪ
ĵĵ˵ͷȻЦ˵Ҳ£ڱѩʶҲĴʹͷɣֻҪ£ܴ̾ʥͻȥ
ʹ˵ĴͷΪĻҪһЩ˻֣ԽԶĵ˻Խࡣ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ϾͷҪĺܶռĵһ㶼޾䣬;ԽԶԽ࣬ʹãǳ۵״ӣҲһ
˵˵˻ֵ𣿡
ʵЩϤҲģЩʲôס
ıһ¡
ڣ˻ֱǺҲһȼ˻ֻȡͬģҪ׬ȡ˻ֳ֮⣬˳ʣҲ׻˵ġס
ҪʥֱӴ͵ѩʶǳԶÿһζҪöռԵ޾壬ҵĻһξҪٰң
ã˵޾崢٣ֻҪõó˻֣ңΪд͡
ѩʳϾѾƫԶ򣬾ʥʵ̫ԶЩ
һ൱ڰңҲǰ˻֣Ǿˡ
̲סпһ˵Ĵͷǳ㣬Ҳ̫Щɣ浽˹ؼʱ̣⴫󻹲УΪôĻʥǻصѩʳʱ䣬·пΣա
Դֵ˻ֺҲȵģˣ˻Ķġ
ļ˵֮⻹гۻ֣ۻֲΪ۵״ĸÿ˵ǽõ൱˻ʮ֮һĳۻ֣ЩۻǶãۻһܶһΪĵĶ磬ϹżƷ似
ԣ׳ۻֺ˻ֵˡ
˻֣ڵõĻңֵ൱
ۻֻ֣ге߸״ӵУҪõۻֻ֣ͨ˵ڵõ˻ֵͬʱʮ֮һĳۻ֡
Ϊ״ӵĴʵ̫ˣⲻ൱ڣκݽѰ˵߶һݣ
аԸп֪ĸȻƴҪΪ۵״ӵģΪǻȡԴ;
һٴγǰһΣлɫ硣
ǳ״ӵר硣
۽ɫݸȴܾ¶ЦݣͬʱҲһϹżƷսûʲôãֻÿԴ߶һΣ۳Եֵ۾ǿһķϣ
ô
һϹżƷս˹ܣ
ΪûЧֻһЩľУԲüΪ̡
۽͵ң޷һлĹ
Ǻö
̲ס뵽ľսõսȻͬ죬Ҫ֪ʹûᵽľս
ǴļƷսľһЩ߶ϵĻҲֵܵʾ۷ǿߵȫһ
һ˵ţһ߽΢ݸ˪Ů
⵹ŮܳˣȻõ˳սսֵܵʾ۷ǿߵһ
л۴ˣ
ŮæЩŵ˵
޷
Ц˵߶Ҫео鷨ÿһʱ䣬ܹԶֵָ㹻ĻͿѸٲе̷͵죬Ǿܽ統ǳķֶΣƾ˾ܼﵽ۾޵Уľ

̾һȻһ³̫ˣһӾ͸ܵȫ͵У޷ٷ֮һ
۾ǿߵҪҶǧ򱶡
ʵ൱ɥ


805 ׼
۸˪㺸һ磬ȻƷһЧȴһ졣
رһȻֵܵ۾ǿߵȫһ̺岻Զ
ʵҲ㲻ʲôܵõһǧöһľ壬޸ϹżĻҲֵܵ۾ǿߵĹһֹһΡֻһǧöľ̫ˣ
š
۴ǰ֮򣬾Ҫ磬õ˳֮ʹ˪Ů뿪ˡ
ġ̷ˣǸԼȥˣÿҪ飬վ
֪ǣ̷뿪ʱȴǲҪ쿪ʼһ޳Ѩ
Ϊʦ֣δʲôպõʱ򽫽޳Ѩõľ
ڳ۵״û룬˻ûͳʦ񣬲֪ʲôʱܻ
ûô⣬õĶˡ
ϿʥȪӰ֣ٶʮöһľ壬ħټһ磬Щκһõ棬ܹһȷѪꡣ
ÿһļֵԶһǧң
ϿʥȪ׼̤֮ˣħдô취õ࣬ڰӰ֣ⶫϡûʲôãǿˣҲһǧңʱҪЩǮȱٶöһľ塭ֻ׼ˣ
˴㣬ڽȡ֮ǰĶһЩϣҲйڸ޵֪ϡ
ڸޣ˽ԲˣڹۿЩϣֻ֪֪˶ٶȻóʲôһ˻֡
׬ȡ˻ķʽ
һһҹʱ䣬˶Ը޵ĽܣȻģ΢΢һ̣֪ԼӿԴ׬һˡ
˪ŮǾ֮С
ǰʥ㣬Ҳ˵׼ȡ񣬲Ƹһڡ
֪кܶ෽ҪŪԼ˵ץסԼȻЩԸ
ԣ˴γУһڣұǵ۾ıڣ
Ҫ񡣡
ֱӶһָָϵһ˵
ǹԭûô⣬һָǸ񣬶ʱһҵḶ́ӣڲͨΪôܽΣյ̽޳ѨΣָ߼ģ
ޣռģһ̽߱Ѳ߶鷢֣֪ôġ
񣬾һЩͨء̽ĵ۾ǿߣȡڣոֵǷȴܹ˵Ҫܣ
°չȻҪȰһģ̬ܿȼʱˡ
ʵϣ¶ҲǼʣͨΪȴۻý̤ϵʮ㣬Ϊ״Ӳ˵ֳڶഫţ˵ŵơ
Ȼţ
ʵϣڿִҪȡﻹǸоΪˬģΪôѶȼߵ̽񣬶Һпж
µǺڴʱȥһЦ
Ϊ˵۾״ӣԼܳԽһˣͨؾͨؾ˴ҿضȥ޻ˣ
¿ֻš
Ȼ֪ôģʵϣҲûҪȥµ뷨Լ̽ģǾ㹻ˡ
Ҫ̽ٵò̽и޵ĴԼѨڵĽֲѶȵȷܸߣ߼̽ˡ
ţ֮̾ͻһ֣Ǿǲǲӣǰ̽޳Ѩ̽Թ
ǲӱһŶǲ̽һڣҪȷ޳ѨдΣƶһԸ޳Ѩս
󻷽ڣǲǿߣǰ޳Ѩн𣬽޳Ѩˡ
޳Ѩ߹񣬽Ҳḻ̽ɹɵĻܵõ˻֡
൱öҵĲƲ
Ȼô֣ңҪһľҲֻʮö˵ڱˮн
ԣĵʵϻǹϵֻ֮̽˳һЩύϵʹеõ˻֪ܣЩ޵ܣÿһܻܶȡǧ˻֣
ҪһӶеĵ۾ǿߣ߻ʾǿߣԽܳΪұڵ񡣡
Ŷ˵ڵְǻҵ̽ص㣬ȷҲ;б۾ʾ߻ɱץߡ
Ҫ󣬹µǾúֱӽ񷢲ȥȻʵôεı׼óٱ꣬Ҫˣ
۾ɡڱ꣬㿴
ӻȡһ߳׹ǣϹİ׹ǣϹżսĲϣȻս̫˷ˣгɫʦԽƳʮö󵤣ϹżƷҩܹߵǿȣ
Ϲİ׹ǣ֮ǰ޿ʱ򣬰Ӱħµħٱеձ
µʱİӰħ֪ⶫֵ٣ǺȻⶫʥǣΪ֮
Ϲİ׹ǣ
λµҲ˵ǼʶˣʱһϹİ׹ǣʱȵվ͸֮ɫ߳Ϲ׹ǣټֵһǧңмУѵαıꣿ
Ҳ̫Щ
µ룬Ϊ۵״ӣкܶöҲûҪ˷Ѱɣ
̽ɹҲ˻֣൱ҡһϹ׹ǣͼֵһǧֱӾ׸ˣıҪðɣ
ȴҡҡͷ
ЦⶫƳɵҩǿô
ֻⶫѺΪòôǮ
ɨһϵĳЩȻ˵ı꣬һ۾ǿҸһ˻֣Ҫҳɹ֧֮ʧܣϹİ׹Ѻûɣ
⣬Ȼû⡣
ǹ»Ȼ漴˵ͷȻûġ
ɹܵõ˻֣ųȥ۾Ҳûʲô⣬ʧܣⲻǻϹİ׹ǵѺ
۾ǿߵıڷãһҡ
Ҳ˵Ϊ׼ʱ䡣
̽޳ѨԭһΪһţȴ벻ֻһ֮ˡ
ʱһԴų˹в˵ע⡣
֮ȫ˹ȥ뿴ʲôˣҴ֮ͥ³۵״ӣ


806 ĵǿ
ȻҲһʱعͷȥĵˡ
Ǻס
һϳ꣬ǵۻýʱһֳֳ֮Ĳսߡ
˶ɫۣ˵ĳԱ־ѾˣΪ˵һԱ
ʵϣۻýûгɹ̤ϵڶʮţѡˣΪֻУӵԴ˶Բۻý֮սһЩ
ڣǺȻҲģպһ̽޳Ѩ̲סͳԳˡ
ж˼ʣϾͨؾΪȻͳΪ˳۵״ӣ
ǺףѾڣȴܱΪ״ӡ֮еĲƽ⣬˭⡣
ЩʧϲǰʴʣֻϧЩʧ߶˵Զֻʧ߰ˡ
˵ȫǺκӡ
Դ󣬶ǶԷˣҪõĻ´һ˵ӱ䱾ڲϬķһ±һﵱ
Сӣ
Сʧߡ֣ʱðɣ˫ü󣬻ڵǿ˲ɢס
ɱң
Էڵ֣ȴΡȻޱȵķʡ
ʥ
ǳ۵״ӣ
˭Ҷ֣
Ȼ׷ų֮󣬲һʱ䲻̾һϮֱӽһ١
ӴӴڵСô˳嶯
һŮſڴ˱һǳɫȹŮⲽ
ոһ̧֣ͰǿƸɢˣǷųƵɫһһϡ
ǳɫȹŮӣһ۾ǿߣ
񲻴커ͣһ˻֣ҽˡ
ŮûסǺˣֱߵǰֻһֱۣӶǹ˵
š
ǹæһӣŮӰ˽ȻָָһԵˣλ۴˵ĵ״ӣҪ͵Ķˡ
ޣɰ
ŮӶʱǰһתͷȻʹеһֻͨؾΪءû£бۻ㣬ֻǸͨˣҲκġ
۴ˣ
Ůӣǹµĳƺ֪Ůӵݡ
ۣ
У˵λߵ֮⣬һڸϻᣬܹʮˣĽڸϡ
ط֮⣬ľͨˣֻͨϣҲѰܹεģҪﵽ۾۷Ϊʸ˵ͨϡ
ۣ˽һλͨеһλΪѴﵽ۾۷壬˵˿
սɼһߡ
û뵽Լ㷢˸񣬾гܣ֮ϲ

һĳƺʱЦۣ벻㾹Ȼ˵۵šȻ֪ۣǾͲҪ۶˵˰ɣ⻤񣬱һȫˣø֣Σ
һʵΪѡ
۵ʵȻ㹻ˣɲ֪жڴԼ⣡
гǿ׷ɱԼһ۵ס˵һһֹԼõΣ
һ˼ֻ˵۴֣⵱Ȼû⣬һҪ˻ͣȷȫ
̫۹ֻϺꣿ
۶ʱЦ̧򣺡£ϺԳ֣Ҳܴӱռˣ˵ЩϺ֪Ӷɱ֡ɱֽǿЩһиＸҲһ
ֹһ̫۹
ҡҡͷ
ȷֵģ̫۹͹壬ȻǱ֣ܳȴӶɱֶ֣
ʲôֵĻһۻæ
Ҳɡ
ʱһŵһԴ˳ȻǳһŮ֮ڡ
˲ͷȥһʱһ㶡
Ҷ΢
˵ʵλŮʱ黹ΪģϾǰõʱ׵ۻҶ΢
Ȼֻлʾ۷壬ȴܶԸ۾֮ˣһûɣ
Ҷ΢ÿһŵ¶ƺŵ⣬ǰٶȷǳ죬һգ۱۵ĸǰվ˲ţ಻硣
£ŵƮɢŮ㡣
ԣһҡ
˵ͷûж˵
Ҷ΢ʵţۻýдڶʮ˲㣬Ըһĵ۾ǿ߾Ǵ´ˡ
򡣡
Ҷ΢ȴҡҡͷսƵǰۡ


һʱ䶼סˣû뵽Ҷ΢Ȼļ۸ҺԵڶư
Ҷ΢Ǳ飬Ȼ˵۶򱨳꣬Ϊβܣ
СѾͷȤϷӸյ״ӰɣҶ΢֣Ȼõ츳
۲ŮƣЩڴЦ츳²ʮ꣬׷ϱˣɵüŶ
ʧġ
Ҷ΢Ϊŵ˵
Ů棬ЩΣ֣òҶ΢һĹӶ۸ĺ
ˣܿͲپᣬΪѵܶҶ΢˵㲻ֵҲҪ㣿
ȥҪ׵۵
Ǿɣ๻ˡ
˾һ˸
Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ΢գգ۾ʡ
ȿȣңҾ㹻ˣ˵ĻѵҲø򣿡
һ˰ֵλ׼׼ɣӴͷص۹Χ֮⡣
׼ھܳ
Ҷ΢ͦ˵
Ҳǡ
µĴҶ΢
Ҫ׼
һ
һɡ
Ҷ΢Це顣
ǲ̫㡣
ҡҡͷȻЩζЦݣҶ΢˵СѾͷòʦĻ˰ɣ̫СҲġ

Ҷ΢⻰ֱҭסˣǺܿ췴Ӧ˵ֻʦĻ˽˽ˣʦ˵ۻý̤ϵʮ㣬϶ҼϵĵطһҪҳ㵽ĵǿ
ĵ㶼ǿ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷȥ׼׼㲻š
Ҷ΢û˵ȴʼնΪѾȥĶҶҪţ
̾˿ֱֻŷӡصʥĵһǧʮ㣬Լ֮С
طҶ΢ģ
ʥÿһĴͷӡȫͬȷÿ˵İȫ
ۿǰʧҶ΢ʱĹĵģߡ
СѾͷҪ˿ɵеԣǧܸ̫֪𣿡
һЦҶ΢ˡ
ͨؾѣʦ˵һǿҲ
Ҷ΢һ˵ţһȴˣķǿ̤ۻýʮģ


807 ۹
ʱԼʥۡҶ΢ϡ
˭֪ʱ䣬ڳ޹ŵ˸أҴʹе֪һЩйϢ
ջ񣬵ȻйضϿʥȪġ
ͬϹİ׹ǣǾ۽ϹȺȦСУƽٽ٣ϹȫŻϹİ׹ǳ
ϿʥȪҲˡ
ʹ˵նɱһϿĵǿУҽɻսһȪҲǶϿʥȪ
ϿʥȪһԽ̫żսκսҪǿܹȫ̬µȼ硣
ֻ۵õ֮󣬾ͽϿʥȪӡСС
ôȥǷӡһɶ´ǶϿʥȪսУһЩˮЩˮֻ൱ڶϿʥȪսëȻЩˮԴĶϿģɼǼսĿ֮
ҵϿʥȪڴʹߵиطƿµķӡϿʥȪȡʱǳսˡ
ʹ˵
ԴˣԸŵģֻϧ֪ǶϿʥȪڴǵطҲ϶ǰ
ҪȻΪֻʥһܹõϿʥȪ
ʥһֱоǶϿʥȪڵķӡƾһ۾֮ˣҪƳǷӡ̫Զ
ʹʥ۱ʾм
ҲֻܡǺǡˣȻʹǰǺǿֻһƲл꣬Ҫʥ۳ǰ·ַӾ
ҲΪʲôʹҽʥǵĸԭ򡭡
õԼҪϢ֮ȻҪ׼ˣֱŷӡǰʥĵھʮŲ㣬ͷ档
ͣʹʥҪһ˻֣ɿشͷĵ۾ϴ߶ֻǰ׹һȻһѣȻϮǰãΧ˲ı䡣
δͣͷۻۺҶ΢Ůȫû¶һϾŮ̫߳࣬ԿռĵĳҲǿ̫ࡣ
ҿ㻹ͨؾΪȻһ´ͣҪ
Ҷ΢ͷĿѣӣһյĲһ
ȻںһŮĻסȻ˵߰ɣĿص㲻ԶǻҹȥȻǾ͸ˣЩ붯ֵļһ
Ҳᡣ
Ҷ΢üͷ΢塣
ͷ׵ӡǣ׵ĳҪ˵治ᡣ
һᣬСãԹһɡ
һԵЦҶ΢вĶ

Ҷ΢ȴʸھܾҡҡͷϲڰУǾԼȥаɣҪĸ

ͷϸֱе㲻ˣŻعͷȥ㣬ž͸Űɡ
һʾڣԼߣЩӶĵ۾ɱֿ϶Ҳᶯְɣ
ֻҪҪЩ˼˾ͺá
̤֮Ŵͷڵķȥ
˴͹ĵطһ͵ĹУǾʥ֮ңһ۹Ļʹ
˴Ӵͷ󷿼߳һ۱˺ü۾ǿߣſڡ
˳Ǽ۾ǿ߶ʱ˵֮յ޳Ѩ
ôôһ
λķ˰ɣ
۸Ǽ۾ǿһۣΪбְں档
۹һֱɧţ޵ԽԽ࣬Ƿɵ߿տһۣŷЩ޾Ȼǵ۹Ͽս˺üѨ
һ۾ǿߣɫףɫ׺ݵ˵
۹󽫾۾ΪչԪ۹ǿ֮һʵޱȿֲȻ˵˵ǲ˲ٵġ
һĶŵĵ۾ǿߣüˣλ̽ģˡðʵǲ֪̽УͨؾСʲôá
Ȼ۹˶˷ǳأˣڼʱԼʡ
кݣ۹࣬ͬе۾ڵΪ
ǲ˼ִֻһˡ
۹ô˵ֱӳԼݣǴ˶λҲãҲգ֮Ҫ谭ˣȻЭһǾ͸ˡ

ݺչԪ⻰ʱϸĴվ޷ӱ濴ʲô֮
һЩ伣ͨƾСͨؾΪ峲ѨҲһ۾ͱҳʲô̽޳Ѩ
ãȻģҾһΡ
ЦһЦλɣ²˳٣Ⱥǵ۹ϿΪֹѾʮѨһԽԽࡣθµ̽һѨ
š
治ɫ˵ͷ
ۺҶ΢ŮԶЩľʮ޳Ѩ۹Ҳ̫˰ɣȻϿôòŷ
ʮѨҪɣҪüʱŶ԰ɣ
ǰ㻹С۹ˡ
ƺǿ۵ɻһԵĵ۹һЦޣһֱ۹ϿѾǴ֣ǧ۹ܹٴͷӡ
ΣǷʤ
һԵĴ󽫾չԪ˵ǵ۹Ͽ֮ңη󣬲ҽʱھͽѨʱǻԼȴϿյ޾ȻԴԴѾʧ۾ǿߣȴһѨûܹơ
ʱ䣬Ѩ
Ҳޱ𾪣ô˵۹Ͽգ϶ʲôŻ˷
۹һ۹ȻȲѵ²Żԭ̫۹ڣȴ۹֮Ϊˡ
ʣ۹ϿգŶĶԲŻǧ궼ͷҪ
ֵܹǧ꣬۹Ȼ񣬻¶˾ģ˴һƾ۹ȻѾû취
ˣҹȥɡ
˵ͷʾ״ˡ
û⣿
ݽŽɵ
вУǷûʧ𣿡
ЦһЦûǾ֪ͨ˹ɡֻҪж˳֮ڣ϶
ԴˣҶ΢Ҳû˵ʲô֪̽Уǲܸģռģ޳Ѩֱ
ԽԽˣԴ˴̽ţƾʲô
ʵϣҲǷǳȷӰ֮αװܹƭЩǿĵ۾ޣǵ£ҲֻԿˣƾ֮飬ָܻġ


808 þ֮
ܿ죬û˷ʱ䣬ֱӾʹۡҶ΢Ůˡ
۹˲δ棬ֻһ̽˶ಢð£пܸ鷳
ԣֻۺҶ΢汣ֱӳгˡ
۹նѾ޵ĵ̣Ҫʮ峲Ѩڴ÷ɳǧľ롣
·УҶ΢һ·Уۣʩչֶڲ֪ȥˣ֪۾۷ǿһֱڰбԼ
ó˰ɡ
һ߷Уһ΢̡
֮һҪһʱſϳֻΪҪȥѯʹ⣬ΪһЩҪɱͻ׼ʱ䣡
ֱӽ͹۹Щ׷ˣ˭ôԴȥԶ봫ͣ
ھͲһˡ
˰ʱĻ壬Щ뷨͵鵽Ŀ꣬Ӷ۹׼
Ĵ㣡
ɱֳ֣ڴɱָϽԷɾУöԷ֪ԼǺǵġ
˵ĻضۣӶöԷ뷢жʱϸ
Ҷ΢ŷУδ˵ʲôһ·ϸ۲ȴûзʲôĵط
ôֻǸͨͨؾܿսģܷ֮ˡ
Ҷ΢š
һڴЩɱԸΪпܼʵΡ
ǰһƬ֣֣֮˺ߵó
ȻҶ΢ָǰһƬ֣˵
ţӦһаɡ
˵ͷƬ֣ƬƮŰɫŨïж֡
˲̫⣬ΪȻл󣬵ȴǲڻġ
ֱӷɵϿգһȥͷƬּΪзԲǧֻҪƬ֣͵޳Ѩ·
ȴ˵Щ;Ļôпܵص㣬Ƭˣ
֪ѾɵֵǳǰĸȥܼһƬ뵣Ƭ֡
ж
ͻȻܵһɱ·д̾ͱþ
ûκθо
Ҷ΢üͷ΢壬һֱϸ۲ΧȴûзκοɵĶѵˣ
ôʱͻȻ·һâһ˲ֱʣҶ΢С
һлͨ
ֻ̣Ҷ΢㱻һþ֮УѾ࿴˴ˣ˵Уȫֻʣ°ããһƬŵµֶʧ
˷ȫŨ
ɫڰ֮У۾û˿ɫʡ
֪Լ˻þȴ֪þʲôֶΣ̾ʹ߶ĳ磬ķϼ
ʱһɫķϳΧڣ۴ӺδĹᱻϵֵס
磬ֵ֮ܵ۾۷ǿߵһǳ˵ĻǾ;ԲܿЦ
Ȼķϵʱ̾һֲ׹ɫķϣ
׵񷶼ռˣǳ磬һоֱܽɱ
׵ϢôôϤأ
üͷ΢壬ͻȻо׵ĵҶ΢
ѵѾͷȻþӰ죬ҵ˵ˣ
ԽԼпܣûʲôǰƬâȻɢͿǰһս״̬ŮҶ΢ȫ׹˸˶Եüơ
㶨ˣһСͻ󡭡
۵Уֻ֪ڸղһ˲ǻþѾȥһ˲ʱ䣬Ҷ΢Լһιɼþ³̶ȣ
۵ĻѾˣһڻԼҶ΢ֶΣǷʤ
Ҷ΢ս黹̫ˣԶԶȲϵ
Ҷ΢˫лָȫ׹ɢʱЩԺأѵոһоͰѵˣ
ܿ۵ɵͷȥһۼ۵ΣֵŨŨУȻһߵ۾ǿߵʬ屻
Ҷ΢ܿףʬʩչþ֮ˣǱɱ
ô˵ոԼǶ˭ˣ
Ҷ΢̧ͷһʱֵͷ̾ʶžȻþӰ죬Ҫɱ
һֱ̧֣ӽǺɱֵʬս˴ռ䣬һ̽ʬϾȻʲôûУǸɱ֡
Բ𡣡
ԶҶ΢ȻֱӶǸˡ
Ҳ֪Ǹ
Ϊ졣
£ȻҪǸ
Ҷ΢һȴҶ࿴һۡոյʵ̫ˣıأû뵽Ȼֽɱˣ
ոþǳУô֪ҪأǰȻһɱ֡
ֱӳɱһ׹ȴɱʩչֶεסȻ˹Ҽλ÷ŵľȻ
ˣ߰ɡ
ҡҡͷȥ֮󣬴иıһ򡣡

Ҷ΢˵֣
⻹ãҪǻ˸ˣͽĹѪͷˣ»Ҷ΢ԼҪ飬Ҳܺ
ʣҶ΢൱ˡ
ֻǲ֪ʦ˵ĵԼǿģ᲻棿
Ҷ΢Ҷ˵ʲôֱӸǰȥϷѰ˼޷۹У˻еġ
ǰ˷ɹһˮϿգҲʱͻȻʹǰ۾ޣǿ˲佫ȥ·ϡ
ϰɣˡ
ֱ˿Ҷ΢һϣϾǻʾڵߣ׵۵״ӣԸ۾ɱ֣޷ԷܣҲ϶סһʱ䡣
ʱֵģ϶ɱɱɣûɣ㲻ǣôԷʱҲûʲô£Ҫǿ
Ҷ΢ڴ֮ɫȫ׹˲䱬
ոþ֮ܣޱŭأǰ۾ڵĺɱֳ֣˼
ͷ׵ӡ˲ǻһҪͬʱ۾ڵɱ֣ҲȫԸˣֻ˲׹ȻγһƬռĵ˵档
Ϻˣ׼ȴҲҶ΢ͻȻŵˡ
ǻʾڵ״Ӱⱬܹƶ˵Ǹεǿ߶˲ɱ
ֲƶ˵۵ĻôȫΪƶ˵۶ĵĶֻ֣Ϊĵݣ


809 ۾ս
Ҷ΢ֱ۾ڵĺɱ֣ȴ˿޾壬ųֲ׹⣬ǧ׹⳯ɱϮȥ
ȻɱֵĿȴҶ΢
һɱһֱ̧֣۳һ漲֮ܣӲֵסһɱһȻʩչռģɱ
һ˲䣡
ȻǺɱȴҶ΢̫ˣһɫ׹ȻֱǺɱϣغɣ·ޱȽڡ
һɫףֱӽǺɱˣ

һɫ״ʱ򣬴ӿֳƣֱΪ֮ԲκܹͨᲢ۵ģǵھĸ߽ͨҲӵơ
Ψ
ϻнͨģȻѣ˵ȴʲôܵ顣
һֱһ۾ǿߣɼֲ֮
ߵͨҲǵĸ߽ͨҪͻƳΪкܳһ·;Ҫߡ
׹򳹵׻һ˵ԶԶˡ
ʱ󷽵ȴͻȻֳ۾ڵĺɱ֣ͬһʱ䳯ɱ
۾ڵɱ֣ɱ֯УҲˣڽԸһͨؾСӣ۾ڳɼɱ֯ӡ
ҲԿɱ֪֯ƸҶ΢ŮлͣҪȻĻɳôɱ֡
˵۾ɱֵĳ֣Ԥ֮С
ûɱֿһɫâ˲ǰţһֻͽƾճֻ֣һģͽɱֺ䵽˵ϣҳһԲüӡ
һ֮
ɱ
ǳɫȹӰ֣û֪ʲôطһ̱㾶ֱɱ˱ҵϵɱ֡
Ͼǵ۾ڵɱ֣ǿҲ൱£۽һľȻûǱ׷ϵĻֻ¡
Ȼ¶ʱ򣬴ֱ۾ڵĺɱ֣ɱֳֽɱ
һѹ󣬴˲ֱӽУ
Ӱ귨󣬿Ϊ˶ԸһӰȻȫˣǳϰ
˲䱻귨УȻȫ֣ܶӦģסĵ۾ɱͬҲ޷
ɱסһۣȥԸɾҪɵöˡ
ӰĶɱܹˣѾˣʩչ귨󽫱סû취ѾˡҲ˵ɱڰУ
۵Ժ𣺡귨ǳ۶޷һʱ֮ѣ֮ǰŵĺʱóˡ
Ϊ˴˴жӳ˰ʱΪ˸ɱ׼
Ȼˣû׼
ȻˣˣǰչԪǰλóˡ
۵Ĵ֪ʱˣڴ˸ָʱ۾ǿ߸߿֮н۹ݣԼչԪ
ӰϵĶɱ֯۾ڵɱ۹ĵ۾ǿ
ܹģǺݺչԪˡ
ӻΪһһ׬أû뵽˰Ӱǻ
չԪ޺޵˵԰Ӱĳ൱ˬ
ӶͺݣÿһңֻҪڶೲѨ·ԭ˻һκò£ȴû뵽˰Ӱ
ãһ־ɱ֣סɱ֣ʣӰĶɱ֣ݺչԪа취Ӧ
ȻǰӰȫͲκλᡭ
һɭֲ˳УһĨ˲գǰ
𣿡
˿޾壬ҲһĨ֮ǰ۹Ѿһ̧֣ųһĵķϣһĨֵס
ţͷֳһֽɫ̫õĽɫâķԲ֮ڵ˲Ρ
ɫӰʱǰһֳһѺɫǴ˸ոնһĨ
һӰһ͵Ϯȴֱӱֽɫ̫ҫ˳Ŵ󽫾չԪӭϣϷɳȻͬʱ̺Ե
ռ䣬棬ս
׼ȻǱһ۾ǿߵĵ̣Ȼǿÿ£̤ؾʼܹ߱аԵģԵߣȴ޼
ϵıѰңΪÿԵʶһ˵һ֮ģĵʱ佫᳤ϲ١
رֵ֣ʱ򣬸ޱȡ
ڣһ۹Ĵ󽫾ʩչԵģȫġ
ô˵ǿߣ˶ģ
ֱ˭˵ȫԵģԥţΪ˵ĳϣ
һ̣һռչԪͺֲµķϣǵ۾ڵǿߣҪȻԲܽϸƻ
Уڶǿ˼ҵս֮С
ŶȥϡԼ֣ǱҶ΢۾ڵĺɱս
·ֵһƬŨ¶ɱֿƣǰӰ귨귨У۱㱻С
ԼƬ귨ڵĺУн֣ɼȫͻ귨ֻʱ϶̡
귨ϿպüﴦǱռϷΧݺչԪɫɱּս
۾ǿߵսɲô׼ģΪ˴αɱĿ꣬ȴ˿ûΪԼİȫǣµĹ۲˵Ľ档
ϧǣ۾ǿߵ̫ǿޱôöǿߵս
һע⵽ű˵ɱ֣ѾվԽĿ
ȻˣѾָСʵƾǵ۾ڵʵԿ׽նɱ
ȻҪʱԱͻȻֳһ˵Ӱ˵ס
۹һϣ۾ڣ
ƾһ֮Ҫֵ֮ˣ׾ٰɡ
һͷߣֳһѳһϮ¶ЦݣһңֻҪԸ˵ɱ־֣ܵء
ৣৣ
ɫֲĿռͺ˫ȻƬռ䶼׶ס˵ĵ۾ɱֱ˰֮У
ˣӰɱֶס
ңס۵귨ƺڲϵıУֻҪȵ۴귨սֱѶ£


810 Ӱ
һңһСĿ˵㲻ʲôѰˣ۹ࡢ󽫾˵൱һջˡ
رǵҪĲ࣬ܵõһҵʱ
Ȼܵóһ۰ֱӸ渶˵ңҲ˵֮
Ϊһν˻ֵ̽ôԸôࣿ
ۻҶ΢Щ˼飬˵ȴʲôΪѾ˶֪ܺ
ֻҪЩϽˣܵõ˻־ڼƵģ
ԼôҲԵ΢ˡ
Ƿ
ڳ潩ֵʱһߣӸռд˳һѿռдնȻϮ
ڵкݺչԪϷϱѿռУȻһͱն
ˣ
۾ȴɫ䣬ΪһԵ۾ʱ귨һĨٴһֻɫƣһѿռȵס
벻ʧİӰҲ֣벻ͨЩܹٱ꣬㵨󵽸״ӵ⣿
۽ЦһǳɫȹƮȻǰһֱ̧һâֱӴǰУȻһǱӰֱӽϰɾ롣
ȻǰӰ۾۷ǿߣһ
ʾ۾˳ڣںͺ֮⣬һ۷壬׶ΣʵںڵĲΣȴҪѰĺǿϲ٣ΪֻҪһͻƵһ㾳硣
۾۷ۺͰӰǳǿ֮ˣ
ӰУ۾ڵĶɱ֮⣬и۾۷ĸʵҪԸһȫǴ´ˡ
ȴû뵽ȻƸ۹ǰӰ֮ǰûеõ鱨
һ鱨ʧ󣬾͵жٽ֣
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814 ȫѹ
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˲ӵ֮⣬ԲɷΧڣȫռˡ
ӰһӷԼĿռȻˣһ似˵ֱجΡ
Ҫ֪ӰǿľǿռȻ˰ӰⷽȴǿǱȲġ
ԼĶ̴ĳӲӲ
ӰûôɵҪ飬Ǵȥ㲻ʩչռģɵľ룬˵ֻǼ顣
ô׵ӳȥ
ӰβŸոնһ£ǰͳ۶ɵĵ棬ĵ棬Ϯ
ĵ棬Ǿһɵ棬˵͸Ǻǿʤڶࡣ
οڴ߶ĵϮӰʱ򣬲ֳ͵ϮӿһĵУһöһö䰵ۣ
޾ĹʼŰӰҪḺ́üΪѡ
ռ޷ãӰ˵ʵ½پųɣ޷۳ռϡ
ӰͰӰϣΪĸģⰵӰҲѾȫ
һ̣Ӱ˻ΪһӰȻʧ˾֮У
Ӱ⡣
Щȣ벻ӰҲֶΣⰵӰʩչӦĳͨΪ似Żġ
Ȼ߻Ӱԭͬ˵ûʲôá
ھⷶΧУƿأһƬӰٹ켣ܱĸܵ
˵оƿط
ǻΪһƬӰӰȻƿ֮Уĵ桢䰵ǲϳ֣ӰڴӰӰк˳ѵĳž֮ⱼС
ۿžҪ뿪ⷶΧ֮⣬һŵųֱ裬һʱڣһھϢ˹
һ밵Ӱİ˼֮󣬱øӿֲһֱӽӰ۵Ƥù̽ڣ޾ʴ
ʱǿĺôֳˣξϢĺⰵӰûжȻаӰһ־Ϣ⣬ͬʱž֮һԾ
ڰӰУȴǷǳУһƬŨľУԼٴδһ顣
ΪŷöҩֱӶʮŵʮøǿ´ľøǿ
ʩչֶͬΣԽԽˣҪٴʩչϢӦֻҪ̶̵ʮʱˣ
ħЧΪ⣬ǿĴԽԽһ㣬ܹϵʩչͬ似ֶͨΡ
ڣϢֻҪʮʱٴʩչ֮ǰ˵ѾһĽˡ
ȻӰӳ˾ⷶΧ˿壬ΪʱѾܹٴʩչ⣡
Ҳ˵԰ӰȫѹƣպԲľ⣬ܹѹƿռģ԰Ӱ˵Ŀǣ
Ӱݣ
һӾʧһ֣ŵľɢȻڰӰڴٴɢһƬ⣡
ӰαˣھӶ֮ǰͷһռϣԼУռϲ𵽷ãάԿռĵĸӦھҲʩչռֶΡ
ռϣһֶͨΣֻϧֻнͨ
ھУֱӷųͨӡ̼㽫ǿռƻһ룬ŻӰֱֳӽǿռϻ顣
һ̣ӰǿռϺȻ飬һ˷·޾ľ֮С
⣬ϹżƷ似߽֮󣬿֪жǿʱ˿̣ӰʴȻûܵ˺ھǵȵȶѾ˲̶ͬȵʴ
ּĴ򷨣ӰԼֵĿռû취ʩչֻھɱ
رǣ̶ֻʱڣȻӳ˿ڵĳ̶ȣ̶ʱھʩչͬ似ֶͨΣʤ
֮֡

Ϣ
ЩֶͨΣڰӰʱ򣬾ͷȻһϼˣ˼һ齹̿
Ȼˣû
ؾսΪúǿҪɱԷüΪѣӵԶڶԷ
ӰǺǿֻ˵΢һЩҪɱӰͱ÷ǳˡ
Ҫ֪Ӱʵ൱ڻʾڣʾڵǿڣĶ֣̤Բľ⣬ܽ䳹ѹƣҪȻĻԷɱҲ޷ɱԷ
ϾӰóǿռģ򲻹ܵĻ׷ϡ
ڣκλᡣ
ӰһӳķΧѾˣһĻΧЩսеĵ۾ǿУÿ˶š
ʼʱڵİӰ֣ͨһоܽɱ
鷢չȴ˵ԤϣԸֶϷˣ˰ӰȡʱͻƵؾ
ŸоսʤӰٴʩչֶʱ䣬ĽһӰĵ˰˼Ȼһ֣ӰƬ֮С
ι󣬰ӰѾȫܵ˾ĵʴˡ
ԥҪʩչռĽӴܣһΧǸռ䵱С
һʱƿʱ򣬷Լһα˾С
ӰҪˡ


815 նɱ
ʩչ⣬ӰѹסˣһһľϢӰʴò
ͶͶ
ӰܲסˣĿ־壬ȻͶ
ЩȣɱֻͶģ
תһȻˣⰵӰǸʮ꣬Ȼ츳ǿһֱ¶ûִйΧĴɱ񣬵Ĵɱһֱ˳
˵ɱҲӦǺܼ򵥵ģϾ˫̫ˡ
ǽȴӰѹƣȥĻӰӡ
ᣡ
ϣ
ƾӰ츳δزܳΪǿһЩ֮һҪţκɱֶҪš
ֻϧһֱûиԼº󻼵ϰߡ
ȻͶˡ
˵ţȻһ̧֣Ӹղſʼ׼õϰö䰵ԼٶȽӰΧ漴߶ֱӱ
֮
ӰѾʴòˣϰö䰵ǵıը£˲ͱըƬһž
ȥǣһʮʲôġΪԷѾԼҪɱԼôľͲҪκ
оɢȻǰģֻʣһ˵Ӱ
ڰӰѾը˺üƬÿһ鶼ޱȽڣԶгŵϵȥ
ӣ
ӰһӸոտʼһֱҪ־ԼĶӣһ۴ʱҲԥĳֹ֣ǰԼĶӡ
ۻе㵣ģһʮ²֣ڿȫǰװ׵ˣСӸûаĴ
˳Ԥϰ
ۿۣıַǳȣתһҲԣֻϳ״ӵݣ
Ȼⳡսýˡ
۵һЦԷİӰû˿ƣȫâٴ֣һ̧֣һɫ
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Ӱ״ʱɫң㾹һֱʵ
ȻΪƾǼסҲɣ
Цһֻ뿴СӾʲô͡ڿϷˣȻ͸ýⳡսˣ
Ļ£ɫѾȫΧ֣ӰɱֶΧڣ
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˿ģΪʩչģĿĵȻǷֹӰκܡ
ԲĿռҲֻ۷ǿ߲пʩչˡ
ɫڸһɫеİӰɱ֣ûκηͱ״ݻ٣һۼû¡
ͨ򵽵ھ֮󣬸һȻǻʵǵ۵벻۾ȻѾﵽˣôǱǿпܶ˵۵
һԴΪп
ֻǻʵѾԽͬİӰɱôǵ۵ֽӵֲ
ߵͨҲŴﵽ죬Զ˵ʵ͵۵ˣⲢ
۷еİӰɱֺܿȫɱûκһʣ¡
Ȼк˾ۼһ
۴ˣصҲ̫ˣһҲǰӰĶ֣ǲˣ
ԴΪơ
ͷİɣҪǵ㲻ˣͳ־ˣڵǿһϷǳ״ӣ
ȴ˿ûεĸоЦ˵
ȻӢ۳꣬Сֵʵ
һԵ۹ݣҲһģ
ոյı֣˭÷ǳޣͬΪŵҶ΢ǳˡ
ոҪǻ֮ͨʱҶ΢ҲԲܽӰɱ׳ٵģΨһˣ
Ȼǵһۣ֪似һδھΪ㲻ϳ֣ǰȫҩյˡ֪˷˶ҩ

۱⻰˵ƿԣûǵһ㡣
Իȥ֮һ˻֡ţֻ򡣡
ֱ˵˵
۵ɫʱһҪ֪ԭı򣬺ԤҸ۹ˣܹӦ
һӿ۳˵иûеõκζ
СҲ̫˰ɣ
ۣ˵ĳϣ
֪ڿЦģ԰ɣ
ɫָ̻Ц򣺡һ򣬶ˣҪھͻؼ˯ȥˣ
С
ԥĴӦˣʵûҪ
˵ֻǸһּۻ۵Ļѣϣֱӽּٵһ򣬶ġ

֪̾ԼȻĵˣʲôϵأ
һ˻֣˵ʲô
Ҳ֪ʧĵȷ٣һöħͼֵǧˣΪδ̤뻯֮ǰͷã˷ҩˣʧͺֹһ
οҩ
ĹۣһսУջҲǲ٣Ӱ֮顢ⶼͻƣͬʱϤһ¶䰵ǵʵսЧ
֮ǰֻۻýʩչ䰵ǣۻýУʩչκֶζǲģûʲôʵսĲοֵ
ڣ֪˶䰵ǵʵսЧ൱
ڰӰɱ֯ˣǾӹΰ
ЦŶգգۣ˵ۿ԰ҵӰĳѨڣвκβƲһһ룬͵۶ĲΣ
ӰĲƲ
һʱȻĶɱִȻ̫ණϣɱ˰ӰҲֻõһϹżƷսֵңȲ˷ѵĵҩҩ
Ӱɱ֯ȴгѨģ
۾ǿóݣɱ˰ӰԣӦÿԴƲ䳲Ѩڵأ
ɽ
΢̣ͬ˵ġ
Ӱɱ֯вƲԲ٣Դ˻ΪڴģΪ˷ֹʲôʣ۱뾡ǰѰҲС
ˣ˲̫ͣˡ
ľܴˣʮѨϿգǼӰѾܿ͵ˡ
ݿһǰȻ˵ȶ
ҲһϣҲûԭ֪ͣΣռˣҪӰ֮αװǱ޵ĳѨУΣԾԱȷŶԸӰҪߵö࣡
Ϊ޳Ѩгʲô⣬ûκܹ


816 
ռ·˾׼뿪ˡ
ֻҪǰڵĵطðգûҪ۹˶лΪڴġ
ӣʵĿãɱİӰɼ֪֮ϣһ˳
ݶЦ˵
㼪ԡ
Цŵͷ
֪۹˵ͲϽ鴦峲ѨһϸڣȻ峲Ѩ
ڼʶɱӰĹ֮۹˾Ͷϣ
Ǿ͵Ϣˡ
ݡչԪ׷ȫЦһЦȻԭأȴ޵ȥ
ֱӸ뿪ˣ֪ҪȥݰӰĳѨڣȻȡӰڲвƲԴʱЩһ룬ġ
ۣ˵ĻڷڣԼֻҪŻضзǳջ
۹׼ˣҶ΢Ҳû뿪׼۹һ
δ˵ʲôֻһҶ΢˵ͷ㳯Ͽֱɶ𣬼ȻĿϿգôûҪ˷ʱ䣡
չ޳ѨضɵѲСӣҵһѲСӣȻαװһͷޣȻС
ڵ˵ʲô£ΧѲСӲڵΪһ̧־ܽɱˡ
ɱһĿ꣬αװһĿ꣬Ⱥļƻ
ûãѾҵͷѲߵޣһͷڣͷڣȫʩչͨɱ
սУѾðӰ֮ɨͷڵޣɱһֱ֮αװͷޣŸ߿շȥ
Ѳ߻ƣʹе֪˲٣Щƣ׵ľƹ˴󲿷Ѳ߲ӡ
һСּҲֻһͷ䵥ޣû޻Ȥ
αװһͷޣ˵ǱȽľҪ޷УһʼȽѣϤһŲ¶š
ϳзȥԽǷɵߴ޵ΪԽߣûãŵǧĸ߿գͼһͷ۾ޣ
ڳѨͳ˵۾ޣɼط弫ΪӵĵطѵǱ۲⸽
˼ţܿ־۾޶޷αװһʯ˶ɲ١
޳Ѩڴкܳһξ룬ûʲô㽫˵ʼ۲Լ
źͰӰսʱȡһʱ䣬ûʲôϸ۲Լ磬ǳʱ䡣
ûʲôΣգڵ޳Ѩ֮ǰҪ滨ʲô˼
ߴͨӻ֮ͨĻϣͨʱ򣬵ӣȻ̤ߵͨߴ֮ͨΪպȥ߶ڱγ硣
ʱ˿̣磬Ѿߴ֮ͨȵȣȫ˽ȥ
ߴ֮ͨߴ֧
һƬڿտУߴֱ֮ͨڲͬĽ䣬֧磬ԸܵߴͨԽǿԽǿ
밵ӰսôöûкĹΪö߽֮ͨ÷ǳŨ£ҪľһΪѵ顣
ÿ˵磬ߴ֮ͨΪ֧
ʹ˵仰磬ӵߴ֧ģǾǾǰߴ֮ͨ
ߴ֧˱Ϊߴأÿһûκ˿Խ룬һУʬ޴档
ԣߵͨԽǿԽǿᣬؾ˵ͨǻֻдͨĻǿ硣
һϣԼκ˶úá
ͨڴﵽ죬Ϊ߽ͨҪֻͨΨһ;
ʹһν߽ͨΪ
һ磬ֻ֧ţӵиȹ̵⣬ÿߵ磬ߴ֧š
Уܹ޼ΪֹֻۺҶ΢ѡ
ʵ۵ͨյɱЩΣɱ䣬ҲԽԽǿԽԽȹ̡
ֱߴͨȫɱΪ۵ôӵͻƵĻܹΪȵ۾ǿ߸ǿĴڣ
Ĵڣݲµġ
磬۾۷ѾǿĴˡ
鿴һԼ磬ܹܵԲʮ뷽ԲһѾ󣬿һЩҩգܽŵԲһӶԼ̤ڡ
ȴǲܣ֮ǰ취˵̽
ʼϢ
߶ԾϢ֮ͨд̲Ҫ̫˼ֻҪһͿˡ
ڵ磬رǿԴٶȲ죬ż
磬ֻڷԲܹ֮ʣ߸ʺĻȻ档
Խ࣬Խǿ󣬶⣬ֻеﵽԲں鵮Դ֮Ҳ̤ڲ
ҲΪʲôʱĴȥ͵׳ر͵ݻ٣ʱı㽫͵˶Լ硣
һΣ֪ĵʵж٣
Ȼ͵޵ǲ٣ȻʵȴǿԶʵҲԶԶﲻ̫ǿĵز
Ͳһˡ
һ̤ڣܴ޹ŵУͷͨؾʾޣץԼУ档
ͬʱ罫ޱǿ
Ȼעһ㣬ʲôŵģҷһͷ۾Уͷ۾޾ܽ糹׻飡
ǻʾޣ˵ҲľΣյģȽЩշٷͲʲôΣˡ
Щƻû취ʵ֡
һԼƻܿͷԼѾϿյĵһѨ
һͬ䳲һĽڰצ޴нæµޱȡ
̧ͷһ۱֮УһƬտ֮ɫʮ̬ģ峲Ѩֲ
ԶһޱڶУ·ռգ
֪ߴ֮һ۴ĸ䣬ֻҪϷɳһܼǸС
ƽ̫£һֻеһ޷ɵ߿գܹڲ֪ߵĵطôһС
ߴ֮һҲǾ۵һ֮ͨɱɣ


817 ˳̽
ģûߴص飬˵ˣ۶ǰߴеκһġ
ϾߴأǾ۵֮ͨɱɣһߴ֧
̺ǿԲ˵ߴеκһ⣬綼пܻ̮
ǲڵӦÿǵĶ
٣óԽ˵۾ȥߴص顣
ֻȽǰ޳Ѩ̽һαװһͷڵޣûбκע⵽
;Ѿ˺üͷ۾ޣЩ޶æӣûϳαװɵġ
˶ѡǷ䳲ϵһڣͷ˹ȥ
ڿʼ̽ҪĿ̽鵽޳ѨܹжٸޣȻ޳Ѩڵ·ͼҲҪ
˼Ƿ˽޳ѨҲܽ޳Ѩֱƻǵô޳Ѩڵ·ͨȥеȫɱ
󣬲ջ޳Ѩеľ֮Դ
ۣҲʹһнޱն룡
ɽ޳ѨҲװһæµӣڳѨڵȥ䳲ڵ·۸ӣ֣ܿͷ·ȫͨ˴ģҲȫʹܵ
ޱݴһͷޣʮͷ۾ޣѲߵģܹжʮͷ۾ޣͷ۾ڡ
ܿ޳ѨĴ̽˳
ȷ۾޶޷ʶԼαװʱжӵӦ֣ܿ˸й޳Ѩϣ
ЩϣѾ㹻ȥݽ񣬵õˣĿȴֻ˶ѡ
òðΣһˣֻջĻ̫ˣ
ܹͨݽϣõ˻֣˵˻ٶҲлĶ
ľ壡
ˣɹһľ嶼࣬뾡ܶѼľ壬ԼʹҪ֮Դ
ȻαװһͷޣҪľ塢֮ԴŪֶǼΪѵġ
֣ܵһ֣϶ܿ챻޷֣һĴͷǳΣˡ
Ȼѡαװɷ䳲ݵһ֣ڷ䳲ǽϣĻʱʲôΣգҪ뿪޳ѨǷǳѡ
̽ôãԷǳ϶޳ѨУȫںӬӡЩҪȻĻɾαװЩȫ뿪ˡ
ƾ谵Ӱ֮飬Ȼαװһҳҳȴûжһαװɻҳ뱻֮С
οҳֶ̫һܽɷ飬αװ̫СĶҲʲôѳȥ
Ȼˣȥ̽ʮһ޳Ѩɡ
һ룬ֱӷɳ䳲ݣһ䳲ݷ˹ȥ
鷳ǣÿһ䳲ݵ޶ԲͬĲ䣬ȻȺȴڲͬ䡣
ԣ뻻һͷ޽αװ
൱ӣҪǲڻαװʱǷκ˿
ȴ˺ܾãŵȵһ޳Ѩͷ޷ɵԶ󲿶ӵĵطֱӸ˹ȥͷնɱȻαװһͷصһ޳ѨС

編ƣʮͷ޽αװֻȥʱ䣬Ѿʮ層ݶ̽ˡ
ˣ֪Щ޵ԴͷĶ層ڲȻռͨԴԴϵĴһ
ңеʮ͵ʮѨڽܹĵĽ쵱УԽԽɻЩ޾׼ʲô
ôЩܲʲô£ΣЩ޶ǵˡ
ȻǵˣʲôǴݻҲˣ
ޣԿռĵ뻯ҪЩ޳ѨԵǲ֣ұ뽫ռͨݻٲС
ţЩûʲôãֻܻȥ
Ȼ΢ᣬǳ۵״ӣ˵ĻҲ̫⡣
Ȼˣֻͼ˵۲ˡ
ƾޣԶһ˵˽⣬Ҫ˵ۣӦòѣʱЩ޳ѨͿճˡ
ʵϣݻ޲ĿģĿֻҪЩ޳ѨеľԴʯˡ
ÿһ޳ѨУһöԴʯöҵľ壬ЩһʲƸ
رǶ˵
δ˵Ľжл˵Ǹˡ
ȥ֮úʦú̸̸
۾ṩһйЩ޳ѨϣʱҪӵһ޳Ѩְɣ
ǾٶöľһöԴʯ
ֻṩһЩϣȣܵõôණѾˣڸĶȥɡľ嶼ᱻ˻ֶһ
һжֻҪ˳Ļܵõһǧöľ壡
ܷЩȫ
˿ġ
ô޶Ը˵Ļͱռˣӣߺ޹ͬƿţ
ʱ䣬޳Ѩеȫ̽ˣƶһЩѨļƻȻ˾ҪжûʲôȨ۽н顣
ȷԼƶļƻʧٵģܹ޳Ѩȫķˡ
ȻѾȫ̼ƻûҪðˣûдκľ⣬̽һ֮󣬾ѡ뿪
ܿ죬Զ޳ѨĵطָģȻ·ɣܿͼڵ治Զ۹ˣԼŮҶ΢
죬ӣ̽ô
۹Դ˺ǹעæӭʵ
ȫ̽ˣʮ޳Ѩ
һ̣˵
⻰۹ȫ𾪵Ҷ΢¶һĨɵɫģ̽⵽ʮ޳ѨϢôܣ϶кܶ۾ްɣ
ܹһʮͷ۾ޡ
ֱ˵Ҷ΢һۣҺͰӰսʱʧüΡŵĻ۴ˣǷзֹҵټ
⻰˵Ҷ΢ʱ޻˵ˡ
Ȼ֪ʱȷ۶ûܷһֱΪֻܶʱʩչֶΡڣ죡
ʱ䣬ڼ䣬۾۷ǿ߶ֲټ
ʵ̫˼ˣ
ĳǶĻҲ൱һ㡪޵еģ
򲻹ֱ˭ҵõ
˵ȷ޵еģֻҪͲΣգϸ˵Ҳˡ
ΪӰ֮鲢ȫûģ˭֪ʲô˵ʲôͨƽһУ
ԣԼ޵еģÿʱÿ̶ž衣


818 
һ·۹ĵ۹ɻȥ;ûκ谭
ЩҪԸڹӶӰжʧ֮󣬾¹һҪԸҪĴۣӶʱֹͣж
Щ˻ԼеܵǺŵġ
̫۹Ȼ֪ϲʲôܣȻܾưոݣӶӰֻǵһ̽Իˡ
ɴˣȴڸĽûʲôøˣΪ˽˵̫ԨԲŻһ鷳
ȻʥеʱǲΣյġ
۹ڵĴͷֱӳһת֮󣬱ʥʥĴͷһС
ȥݽҶ΢ɣһᰴԼ˻֡
ʱֻҶ΢ˡ
Ҷ΢˵ͷڴУȻûܣȴҲ˲ٵ˽⡣
ʹֹͣĵ飬ʱ϶ǲлˣ̾ͽһ
һʥһ˲˵ע¡
ڼ˵˶֪һ̽޳Ѩ񣬲ҹӶۺҶ΢ǰص㡣
ûһ˾ܹ
Ҫ˵·пΣգ̽޳ѨѶȾ;ԲһͨؾСпɵġ
ڣȴҶ΢һˣȻѾ̤ؾǸֻͨؾСˣ
֣ò˴һʱ䰡ʹֱͨͻƵڣҲѾԶˣ
̫ˣ
Ȼˣû˾Ǹ̽񣬱Ͼ̽Ѱĵ۾ǿ߶ܸ㶨ġ
ˣв޳Ѩ̽һɫĶǵ۾ǿߣȫóΡռȵֶΣֻɶ޳Ѩ̽⡣
Բ̽ôš
öУǰ̽õϡ
ֱߵĹǰһöݸ¡
½ӹȴû̲鿴ΪûȨ޲鿴öеݵģ޳Ѩֻ˵ĸ߲ܲ롣
ԣ½ŽɵĿһȻŽߵϢ˳ȥûãһ˵ڸϾͳС
Ľ棡
˵ʱ򣬲۾ѵһ
ǵһμĽˣڱѩʳԴȪ֮أĽ棬ԴȪĽһҸһ߲ͥԺܹ
ʱĳڿ뼫Ϊ˲УΪǴ˽ܵϢ̫ԨŸô鷳
Ľһ۾ߣͦΣӢ䣬ڲͷп첽߳û˿飬ֻڼʱ΢һĨǸ⡣
ɡ
ĽȻ̸Щ飬кȥ
һԥȻϣΪĽôɥĲҲʥж֣Ͼڿǳ۵״ӡ
ԵһӦú֤ܿˡ
Ҷ΢˵ͷȻתĽ浽ȥˡ

һװκķУĽԶ
СֵܣǱǸ̫۹ǱߣʵҿǲܣԴǸ
Ľһ仰ֱ˵˵Ϊ죬ڸϣȻֱӶǸˣ
Ϊˣ̫Ԩһܡ
Ľ浭˵ҪȡжȴȰˣҪԸ㣬ǾͻʧȥѣԣջЭˣ
𣿡
üͷ΢壺ôӰҵĴɱô£
ĽҡҡͷҲ֪϶̫ԨΪڴ£ѯۣ˶԰Ӱ㣬йش£ֻһĽ̫۹ӶİӰôңһ̫Ԩȡж
š
˵ͷǽ˶ԷĵǸ
Ľ棬ǲ̫Ԩ͸¶һЩ飬ϣ϶̫ԨԼȥģԲŻۻý翪֮ǰͶ
⣬ĽģΪûκκôô
ڵ˭Ӷ˰Ӱɱۻ֪ˡ
֮ǰԼ̽ԼṩйϵĶ⽱עĵط
ȻˣĽݳϣ̽ɵΣ
¼̽ݸĽ档
Ľ˵ͷӹ򣬿ʼв鿴ܿһȣʮ޳Ѩ
۹Ͽգܹʮ޳ѨÿһĹģ࣬ڽʮ͵ʮѨӦò¾ɡ
˵ͷ˵
Ľ΢΢üͷȥöж޳Ѩǳ꾡ǰκ̽ϢҪḻ
ڣУʮ޳ѨģͣĽһ۾ܿЩ޳Ѩڲͨ·
ڵְҪжöصϢ١
ڴ֮ǰ̽޳Ѩ񣬼Ҫж٣ΪǼٵĻôִ̽˵ûκκô
Ϊ˽ᰴ̽ƶƻһʵ̽̾ͻֹͣжȻִ̽׷Σܴǰ
˵Ū٣Ƿǳصģһû˸ô
ڣṩЩϢʵ̫ϸˣϸĽֱһͷޣ
ҲֻޱŻ޳Ѩ˽ô͸ɣ
ľ壬öжϸܣʷ޳Ѩ̽ΪϸһΡ
ĵȴš
һʱ֮Ľ滺˵ͷö򣺡ʮϸɳ̶ȷǳߣԻһЩĽԭ˻⣬Իö˻֣Σ
ԡ
˵ͷԴǷǳ⡣
ȲӣĽΪ죬˵ȷǳɣ˫˻֮˶ӦϲŶԣȻΪκûһ㼤
ܿĽ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ΪеջԶԶֹЩŽʹ˵ģ޵ϰԡսʽܷʽȵȣһϵԭ˲֪ϢȫһöУȻöݸĽ档
Ľ˫ʱͶһЩΣЩ޵ϸΪԼõ˻֡
Ľһöеݣ̾;ˡ


819 ڻ
ޣһֱоץ˲ٻŵĸоܶණŪס
ǧоóĽۣöмصϸ
öеݣ߶Ը̫ףȴԴսԺ͸Ըޣ
ЩϣӰĲսսԣ
˵жҪԶ
ٸӣöᵽȻƿظֿռģȴǵĿǣˣܽ޳ѨĻܹ޵ս
磬ӻζкǿҵĴ̼ãܹڵĿռֻܷӳһʵ
磬峲ѨĽÿһľͻһ㣬⴦йĻ׻峲Ѩǽ塣
ҵʮ㣬ȫƻĻ峲ѨͻῪʼϽ壡
Ľ濴öеݣĳ˼С
ǳеʵô˴ĸı䣬ڶԿ޵ʱ˽ȼʧ
ļֵǲɹ¹شĽҲϵ
Сֵܣɡ
Ľһ˼ֻܳ˵еʵֵ൱˻֣ôߵҲҸֻȸһڣһڣȵЩȫ֤ʵ֮ٷŸ㣬Σ
ԣ˵ͷ֪ЩϷǳҪҲ֪ԼֵڣĽڵĽ㹫
Ҳ֪ԷԼһõһ˻֣Ѿǲˡ
ԣҪ֪жһľ崢棿һõ˻֣ҶҪһһľ壬ĽݳϣҪ󲻹ְɣ
ʵ
˵ĿУһľһֱ࣬ڴŻʣ°˰ٶö
ĽЩ⣺ȫһĻҲԣҪǧ˻֡ȷҪһôһľ壬һ˵ƺû̫á
Ҫ޸һϹŴսҪһǧöһľ壬ԡ
ԼĿֱ˵˳ҲԳ۵˵ǣ˵Ľ΢һҲ֪ûҪ
ˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦǾɣдһľ壬ʣ°˰ʮöҪǧ˻֣һ㻹ʣǧ˻֡
񳬶ɵĽһǧ˻֣ȸϽһ˻֣۳ǧ˻ֵĻȷǻʣǧ
ǧҪҶ΢Ҫۣ鷳ΪҲһˡ
Ц˵
š
Ľ˵ͷȻݸһö˵ר򣺡УѾһǧ߰˻֣ģѾ۳Ҷ΢۵⣬ϴεѺϹ׹ǣȥΪȡ
˵ͷӹö˵ר򣬲鿴һֻһ֣һǧ߰
ôе֣޷иģֻͨ˲ܹģԣר򣬾Ϊ˼رȽϴ˻õġ
ԵһܿĽͽҪĶùˡ
˰ʮöһľ壬ԵĶУ˵ľ޹ؽҪЩһľ壬ʹܹ޸ˡ
֮⣬֮ǰóѺϹ׹ǣһĽ˹
ӹǸ׹ǣ鿴һûκ𻵣Ž
˴˳ɣף˳
ĽЦ˵뿪˴˴
񽻽ɣҲ뿪ˣڵõ㹻ľ壬ʱ޸ˣ
صʱҶ΢һɫӶԻûȥˣĻͱ꣬˵˽зš
Ҫֱ뿪ʱҶ΢ȴע⵽Ҷ΢æס
ȵȡ
Ҷ΢æ˹ƺʲô
ûż뿪üͷ΢΢һʵʲôĻͱ꣬˻ᷢŸġ
ͱ꣬˻Ѿõˣ顭
Ҷ΢һ˵ţһָָŸ˵Ǹɫ꣺һ£λҵʦֲ֣ףҪϹ׹ǣ֪ԸԸ
Ŷ
Щ죬Ҷ΢ʦ֣Ҳ˵ɫ׵۵ĵ״ӣ
ˣȻҪϹ׹ǡ
ⶫƳϹżƷҩ󵤣ӶǿԼڷûҵʦֲ׵ĳۺʣԸ۵ġ
׼۶٣
ʵ
Լ̸ɣˣ⣬´ʱǵýҡ
Ҷ΢΢΢һЦתˣȻʦִ˸кʾ
׵۵ĵ״ӣֲף츳Ȼö˵ԸƺЩưĿһۣ˹
Ҷ΢뿪ˣֻʣֲˣֲ˹ֱ˵ҪϹ׹ǣҪ˻ֲԸ
һǧ򣬼۸񹫵
Ц˵ֲ׵ư̬Ȳ⣬ףԷԸ޹أֻҪɾС
һǧ򣬵ȷϹ׹ǵĻ۸񣬾˵ѺҲܵѺһǧ˻֡
ֻһ˻֡
ֲ׵˵һңǷһ顣
һ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷ
ֲ׵飬ʲôãɲһܰﵽʲô٣˵ֵŰ˻֡
㲻ҪѾǿˡ
ֲɨһۣƺе㲻ˬѰһǧҵ飬Ҷδػӣ
һۣȻһЦһ仰û˵˸ӡξʹʧˡ
Էôֻϳһ˻Ϲİ׹ǣôԸ⣿
˵ʵһǧЩϧϾܹƳϹżƷҩϣǿȷǳӡ
ǼһֻһôܴӦ
ȱһ
ȱ
ոջһڣ˻Ƿһڣϡֲһ˻֣
Ц

ֱʧֲӢһӱ÷ǳѿ
û뵽ľȻ᲻ֲӣ
Ҫ֪׵۵״ӣѾǵ۾ڵΪ˵ǰ;ģ̷ҲẰһʦܡӣ
ߣǿԴҵҪʲôĳɾͣ
ֲޱȷŭ뵽֮ǿԣڲǸ̤ؾҪǿıܵõΣ
ǿκ
ֲ׾⣬ҪǿʱһЩֽţȥʹˡ
֪µĻҪЦãֲ׵жô޴
ֻϧ֪£ܿͽ׵Ժ󣡾˸ʹӣΣ
ʵϣڵǿԸûôˣԴӳΪ˳۵״֮۽һӸ߳˲١
ǿĿ꣡
ȻܹǿıϳΪһĻ˻ٽҪȡһµġ


820 ƻ
ص֮̾׼޸
֮ǰ۸ٶʮöһľ壬˻ֶһİ˰ʮöڴﵽ˳޸һǧö
޸֪Ĳֻ࣬ܽʥ޹ŵУһʹС
˪Ů֮аʱŮӭһ£һȻѾڣԼһĲΣ
ŮľԲ˵ʱ䣬Ȼʹ̤ͨ뵽ڣ
ǴСʥǣŮûô˵˿ֲٶȣ
ʱ䣬׼һЩ࣬Լ߰ˣպúʮ鷨󣬵ʱҪλչˡ
ŮЦ˵
ȻӵѣǾǵѣӷĺˡ
Ůæ˵
ţлˡ
˵⻰Ů뿪׼Ƚ޸ϣȻôͷ󣬻ȥѩʳһˡ
뿪ѩʳѾüʱ䣬ûȥˣһһҲ׸
ңڵʵѰʾڵ߶ûʲô⣬ٽ޸õĻֻҪǲﵽ۾ǿ߹ͻķ
ܿ죬αװһֻС棬Ϣ뿪ʥûκ˷֣Ļҿ϶ֻҪ뿪ʥǵķΧ鷳Ի

޹ŵС
ʹԿ޹ŵԼŵʥ￪ĸ߿ţδκ˷֡
ۣרųط̽ĻҲԲܷκһ˿˿
ص޹ŵһǧöһľȡ˳Ȼʹ̵ʹǰҪ޸
ҽһľ嵽еķ࣬ƣһЩϸ
ʹΪӰβֳһͼΪֳһʩչ
ܿ㿪ʼľ뵽Уһöľһöľ룬㹻һǧöľʱȻ޸ΪϹżƷս൱
һöһö룬ǷӡʩչһӾͷǳϤˣܹһʱ䣬̲ס뵽һ죬ʱһ޸ĻҪһöľ壬Ҫʮ죿
Ȼһöľ廹磬ڻ̫Զĵʱ˵ɡ
һ֮
ţ·ԶŵĹϢɢ˳ĺܶѺۿɼٶȱ޸ںӳΪһ壬بϢøŨ
վ£ܹĸܵԼС
ϹżƷս
ͷ𺳡
ͬϹżƷսеɭΪһѰɱʵս
ȫһˣ͸һֹӵƣͷ·Զž٣ķ
е㵱ˣƣȻٲһȫʢ״̬Զˡ
ʹһЦʲôʱŪʮöľ壬ᵽʲôԽ̫żսˣ
Ƕ˵̫ңԶڵиϢ㡣
һȻʹ˵Ұ˵ҵһʮ޳ѨȻһۣ߳Ӧûִнƻʱһһ˻ָһһöԴʯ
ţҸЩϣԸ峲ѨʮҲõ˲ٺôɣ
ʹЦ
˻ֵǲ٣ôľ֮ʣµҲֻܻһöԴʯˡ
ҡͷ˵ˣ̫ˡ
ȻԴʯΪ󣬶Աʹ߷ǳҪŪһöԴʯҽĶ䰵似ƽˡҪŪöԴʯҿԼϹż̫ż似
ʹջ˵
ҲŪС
ʼ磬Դʯһ޳ѨĺģҪŪֲô׵ġ
ȻӦû۹Ͽյ޷жǾܹʮöԴʯ
ʱӵһڶ˻֣ôҲܶһöˡ
Ȼ⵹ûҪʹˣʱôܶʹõЩô
˵似̤ؾʱˣ֮ǰ㻹ǵñʹǰ˵Ļ𣿡
ʹһ䡣
Ȼǵãڼ֮ǰұѰҵ޸ĵҩ
˵ͷ˵
ڸ㣬ϹżڵķλԼǰȥѰֵҩɣлջ񣬲ϹżΪգ㶨ҪС¡
ʹ˵ϹżλãڱѩʳǸ򣬲޵۹ڣöм巽λһЩϹżһЩϣûȥϸɣҵ޸ĵҩ֮ͻҼ㴴þ壡
á
һ˼͵˵ͷ
壬似ǿΪԣ֮ǰСɾ磬ǿһΡ
δ̤ʱ൱ǿߣ
̤ڣǿȾ൱ڻʾߣ
һĻʱƾܴ޵ˡ
Ϲżλãڱѩʳ޵۹ڣպҪȥѩʳһ޵۹ҲνҪС¡
ǵԼ֮ǰ޵۹һϵ飬ڻ֮ǵ˽кͳŮ˾ͽ޵۹ɵСΪϡ
ȻаӰ֮ڣûϵóСģ޵۹һصѩʳϢΪǿѩʳ
бжˡ
뵽
ӹʹöٴ뿪޹ŵ
ȥжͺˣҪȻصѩʳȥš˽ӵʥԸĻҲԽӹʥ鷨ڵٶȣԱڱѩʳҪϺܶ౶
Ȼһȥ޵۹һˣǰ̽ǸϹżҵܹ޸ĵҩΪԼû
ж֮ǰȥһкҩУչһЩҩ޾壬ȡ̤ڣжбϡ
˾صʥ֮ڣеһСзȥ
Ϊӵһǧ߰˻֣ȴûжң潻׿ǲ˻ֵġ
ԣȥУ˻ֶһӦҲС
ССҩУʥǷΧ֮һռ˳ھױأлԴ൱ȻҲġ
Уôв⾧ɣһǧ߰㹻̤ڣ
˼һ̤ƻֺд
ʥжҪαװֱǱ֣һ£̾һȺ˵ע⡣
ǳڽЩĴȵ㣡


821 ׻
ȫû˵Ŀ⣬ֱеĹ̨
ӣӭУʲôҪ𣿡
һ·εЦŶӭӹ
޾𣿡
˵ͷվŲʵҪһЩ޾壬˻ֶһһЩҡ
ر𡣡
һʱ޾壬УҲ࣬඼ĩϽȻҪͨؾ⾧壬ڻǿóһЩġ
ͨؾε⾧壬˵û̫ô
һȰҶһһҰɣһǧ˻֣һһǧңûɣ
һǧ򣿡
üͷ΢壺е󣬴ҪʱΪ׼ã֮⻹Ҫ𣿡
ʱûˣɡ
ҡҡͷ
е⾧嶼ģһ⣬ҲȥƻԷĹأڸͻƵãʱͻƵĻ׻ȣպӰ졣
ȻûУǾ͵´ˣҲǷǳż
ʩչκֶΣҲֻҪʮʱ䣬һ㹻ӦԾˡ
οһö黹ö裬Щǹؼʱ̱õǿҩ
˽һϢȻת뿪ȥҶһˡ
ұϾʵ壬һ֣׼һǧң϶Ҫʱġ
һߵȴһһ㣬̤뻯
֮Բż⾧ϹżҩΪδͻƻΪ˷ѡ
ڵҪԴҪ;һйڲһ
кڲ˫Ƿֿġ
ڲǿԶһһЩ⾧壬ڲĶ۸񶼱Ƚϰʾε⾧壬Ϊϡ٣Կ۾˻֡
Уİˡ
ڲ׵ĺôԵõһЩòĶľ塢ԴʯȵȣѰԴ۵״ӣҲϣ湺Ϊˡ
Ȼ״ģҪԴѹˣܹ򵽣ҲǱеĩС
ȲĻֻܻѸߵļ۸ڲˡ

ܿ죬ʱе˱㽫һǧҸ˹֮󣬽׾ˡ
պң뿪˹䣬Ҫ뿪УȻӭһӰǲ֮ǰ׵۵״ӣֲף
ʲô
һû룬˼Ҳ׵۵״ӣһҲûʲô
ôԷ㲻棬˸Ҫֱ뿪
ֲڶ൱ˬģ˭һļ۸Ϲİ׹Ǹ
ʦܣ벻ôּˡ
ֱֲӳֱƤЦⲻЦǰ˵
㻹һҵϹ׹ǵĻҾûʲô̸ġ
Ųվ˵
Ǻǣ㻹ΪһҪ
ֲײм˵Ҳֻ㣬ǶǱˡ޷Ҳûʲôı
˵仰ֲƺҵԽУ̤й̨ȥſڱܹ½˵׻гһöϹżƷҩ׵д£
Щͨһֲף֪ܹͨ¹˵һ۾۷ߣܹƹУʵȻס
ԭֲ׹ӣʲô㴵ˣ
ܹЦӭ
׻г۵׵ڿɷڣ
ֱֲ˵ʵ
ȻڣϹżƷҩܹ֮ǿԪĵϳ̶ȣЧã׼´ĩ
ܹߵ˵ͷ˵ֲ׹ҪöҩĻǵĩʱɡ
нҩҪ׬һЩ𣿡
ֲ׵ҳһǧңֱӽö׵£Σ
һڼµĻǧңһӶ١
ܹһЦ˿ֲӣϣڶԪĵ߶ܸȤҲĳǧﵽǧĸ߼ۡ
ֲɫһڣֻһǧ˰ЩףȻǷǰһ飬ôǰӦĻֻʦ˵ˡ
Ƿһ飬ʲôã
ܹҡҡͷ׵۴ǰҲǿ⡭ֲ׹ӣɣ
һ̸ȫĶֲ׵ΪǣһһȻ׵۵ĵ״ӣҲ̫׵۴˶˰ɣ
뵽ʱʱֲײδ׵۹ʱһڵĻػֳһЩɣ
ɴˣȴ֪һΪʲôԼˡ
ΪҶ΢
׵˵ǰ뿪ЦĽҶ΢ȴǰ˵Ļ򵥵˵ֻҪҶ΢ԵĻ¶ǳˡ
֣֮ǰֲ׺Ҷ΢˵ʱг˰ĽȻǺϲСʦá
ڣСʦȴʦˣֲЩƽҲˡ
Ȼģǹֲףֲ׿еһλ׻ʡ
׻ʣ׳ʲôϵ
׵ʲôϵ
ǻǵãĸ죬ʮǰ׳أڲǰ׳غ䱬һʾǿߴͬ׶
ĿеĻʾǿߣǷλ׻ʣ
ʱ٣ôöûҵ죬᲻λ׻ʣ죿
뵽㳯ֲ׺ܹڷ̤ȥ
ǰ
ǰֱӱȭ
ʲô£
ܹ߿һȻ֪һһǧңСӸòֲһö׵ɣ
ðһ¹׻ʵ£֪ǰԴ˽٣
ʵ
Ŷ׻Ȥ
ܹΪ죬ΪֲһԼ״ӵ˵ء
δֱӻػǿһֲףΪ˼ɵ˵ǰɷһ˵׻ʵϢǳҪ
Ǳɡ
ܹߵ˵ͷתȥӦҪ󡪡Ͼǳ۵״ӣڲ漰Լ£ܹ߻Ըӵġ
ֲģҪռ˵ļһܹ¸κӡ
ܹ뿪ֲ׳ɵˡ
û뵽һöϹżƷ׵Ȼô󣬹㾡ʲ𣬶û뵽ȻҲ׻ʸȤ
ѵСҲõ׵׸Ҷʦã
ֲĲΣУ


822 ʲ
ܿ죬д˳ûʲô仯
ܹߵĿе֪λ׻ʣֲǽ죬׻Ѿϰ꣬ĸס
ܹ߽飬Ѱ׳صĸ׵ĻͱҪһλ׻ˣʥǣΣ˭Ҳ֪Ķ
ܹ±ʾ׻ʥǳֵĻ֪ͨһģԴȻǱʾлˡ
ǰпˡ
ţڵķȥ
вԶԶԶһſڳǳɫȹĵ۾۷ǿߣ˳ϣۣ
ԣһŻ۵꣬ҲŵԶֶַ˵Ǵ˰ʦģѵǰʦۣ

۵ȻҲʱһЦŲӹ֣벻ôɣȥء
Ҳһ
΢΢һЦ۴ˣ֪Ƿݵó˭ǲ˰Ӱɱң
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ʶֽסʶ̽УоȻźԴӸҩս似ӦоУ
ģҲֻдļĲΣļƷҩļƷսļƷ似ȵȣȻֵǺܸߣʤ࣡
ȫһĻҲֵǧҵġ
һɱ֯ʲȻ٣ܹóһҲͦġ
лˡ
ǿռָ΢΢һЦ
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Դׯ԰˵ǱģǮƹ򣬻ЩֳɵĸǺˣʡȥ˳ۺ͹Ĺ̡
⺣ԴֵܼߴǧңǶģһʼΪ޶ʲˣ˵ׯ԰˵ˡ
ԤõôһԴׯ԰޸ٶȽø졣
ҪЩԴŵݡ
ۣѯʰӰĹϧûܵõʲô̫׼ȷϢ
˶¶ˣȻ͸ø뿪ˣʱַȴͻȻˡ
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ַŲ֮ɫл̤ۻý磬δػ٣
£һۣ޺޵ʦս

µۣ֪ιܽԼյĵӡ
Ԥϵǣȴֻ΢΢һЦȥսɡ
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ۣ
䣬оֱһʹʶĵͷһȴԼһֱ۾ȻһѷذиڵϣѪ졣

ַʱʹĲҽг
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˵ʦ۴ˣֱָ۲£Ӧ̻ܽһ㣬֪˲̫ˡ
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ʱѾɱڵĹʢʵǣҪɱַҪһС
ս
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Ȼϣæѵһ£ô΢ֺˣ⣬ӦַܸһܴĽѵˡ
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߰ɣۻȥ
Ц⣬뿪ıӰȻһֱ̧֣Ӵַʥʥȥ

мţ߰ңöʾ⾧壬ˣ̤ڻе롣
һöʾ⾧壬˵ܹʮķΧöӶʮһﻹʮ
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ѵַ飬ſȴδ˵ʲôлһ
Ϊʥַ֮ûʲôԴۣûӣһضûС
ܽѵһַ͸պóˣ˵ַҲǸ鷳£ڽۣ۵Ը񣬱ضܺúý̵ַ;
뿪УǰҩС
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ڴŮһֱûʲôøУαװɡʱɱ֪ȴǽ˼ˡ
ȻҪҩннףȻֳԼĲ
ҩУûлʾ⾧壬ǻвϹżҩϹżƷҩ̺Ȼʾ⾧廹Ҫ
ĵʾһӭֱƳһöϹżƷҩ
ô
ʵ
ԭٰ˰Ҿɡ
Ц˵
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֪ǿԼǳ״ӵķϣԲŻѹͼ۸Ϊľǵõ飬ֻϧʼ᲻ʲôøС
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ʲѰ˵൱ˣ˵ȴһֳ⵰Ҫ֪ʱǵõһ˻ֵģ
Щ˻ִջҲǿɹ۵ģȾ޸ʹΪϹżƷսһ
ңǷ͵սΪϹżƷս֮󣬷ǿʩչֵܹ֮κλʾǿߵĹ
ȻÿֻʩչΣѾǿϳĻǵ۾ǿԸһ͡
ǣȻȴ΢΢һЦµ˵Ӧý㣬αװߣ
Ŷʲô˼
һɫȴ˿䣬ʵ
˪
ЦǰʱһϮˣʵһ˶Ѱɣ


823 ͱѩ
ĻһȴЦһЦǱ㿴ˣҵû˵ҩоȻҫջйϵ
˵仰Ȼûԭġ
αװαװ˪ҩвû¶κţͷβΨһҫջˡ
˪һֱҫջû뿪
μҩеᣬҲ˪ӻصҫջģҲ˵ֻҫջˣпܵóĽۡ
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۾׼ҫջй©˿ܵ˵ȥƻҫջҲ޹ˣټ
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˵ֻĲ²⣬͸ˣֻǲ²ĻὫ˵вĹߣ
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ȻԼҫջĹϵȴνĸˣҲûʲôӰ죡
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ͷҲأֻЦһЦ˵뿪ҩС
ȻҩкҫջйϵƲвֱסαװ˵˵ȥ˵ȻȴҲкܴ鷳
κ֮Ľ棬ΪݣӴȴٶκˣ

뿪ҩ֮ʰԼĶ׼ǰѩʳ̽һׯ԰ˣĿǱѩʳھӡ޵۹ʹ˵Ϲż
˵һǱģȴûȵۻֱӽй޵ϣԼԸʮѨѰ취ԼҪһдһöУ˪ȳۻ֮󽻸ۡ
˪ķԸȻȫӵġ
ʮ޳ѨĽжıߣʹָ£һ취˵ʧ͡
ҪҪýȥһ˻ֶһöԴʯҪ󣬲֣ųۻͬģ
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ͷĵԿռԵ޾壬ÿһͷڶһöңֱӹöͬεĿռ޾壬ɹرѩʳʹá
֮һΪҪԼͻرѩʳһΣҽׯ԰ѡʥǣס֮鷨Ѹ
ӱѩʳصʥǣҪΣ˹ԼҪǰϹżɹõҪĶٻ
ҵĴͷãѰ˵󣬲˵ȴڿԽܵķΧڡ
Ǯ֮õһδ͵ѩʳĻᣬõһöռ޾壬ԼЩ޾ڵܼͷ󣬴ӱѩʳصʥǡ

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ڣĵĸȻϣģֻϧûл
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αװ˪޸ʱȴ޸վȻ൱죬Žգ˾ȻŲ
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ӰȻڣҪɱһʾڵǿߣ
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824 ֱ
ѩʶڡ
޸ĺţĳһޣ޸ĳԱΪ֮˽һǣʱѾ̤ڵľ磬޸ͨؾ꣬뿪޸С·ֱһжȥ
һˣڵһµŮӣŽһ뿪޸ֵĹ
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û뵽˻ҸۡУҲãֱһԽȫ
̫Դˣôû䣬Ҳлʾǿߴڣ㾹Ȼɱˣˣ
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еڵνţޱȵġ
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䱩ȣһ޴֮ǰǰѸٽ˰Χ롣
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ȫ˲ɢȥгֵȫУȻԥĵ棡
ĵ棬ھ֮۳֣֮նɱȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ϰһ£

һöǣֱԻʾڵ
һ˲仯Ϊ壬һԿŭȫʾƾ࣬ΧһƬ⳹ɢ
ţһöƾճ֣䳹׽
һǽ飬ӭȴһھϢ
Ϣ֣˼ˣϾǻʾǿߣԽɱ
żһӰɱ˲䷢
УӰ˲۳еӵܿʼ˲˵ɱʲôףȻѡΪУұǣԼԿ
Լ⣬ûκֵܹľɱھ֮УԱڵӵ˵һƬ
ܿ죬ⱻԼһЩǿ߳ɢɾȻţһ̧֣һƬ


825 Ѱ·
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ţȻ¸ĻʾڸҪĻڵ״̬϶Ƕ֣ȡ֮ǰ׼öʾ⾧壬ԼöϹżƷҩ
ǰǴģǴҩģöһǧңЧȴԶ׼ġ
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һ˽ŵ˲ţһӽУɫ䣬ɢȫҪƿķ
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ոͻƵڣ˷ϻЩ˵ȫ˷ѿ࣬Ȼˣֱӽնɱ¡
ԣʱȻ󷢶ͻȻϮһڽһھϢ
߽ͨϢƻӹɣ̤ں󣬻ǿһͨƻһ
ϵľϢȻϮ˲佫ȫУ


826 նɱ
Żʾڵ֧ŲסʩչֶͨΣҲֵסϺľϢ
֮£ֻʩչıԴ֮Լٶȼͬһɫ⳯ź˿뿪ϺķΧ
ͬʱѾΪһͷɫԣ
ȻһʱʶҪߣֱһаǽͷɫУţԼӡ֮֡
ֶνϵĺɱȥܲˣ빥ֻϧϵֶӦӲϾ׵ױѹס
ʵȲ֮ǰİӰɱܽѹƣżʱȥ㱻ݲеǧٿףʴȫ
κֶΣκͨ似ֵסĺ

ʱʾڵĿѣڴξϢĺڶԸȻϮ
ȫĺͿռ֣·һնռУͼ룬Իʾڵĳǿ޶ԣֻڶԷҪʱƮƮ̧

һ͹Ӷΰ˲˳УţֱӴ߶ʽ
ƣ
ֱӶ׼ͻϮʣȻʼתͬһתͷȻƿնһ̣Χռ䱻׷գԼľ֮޷ƿĿռ䡣
ϣ
һܵϴϢϸһﵽϵľ硣
ɴ˴ı仯ܹһԿռƬڣκ˶޷룬޷ʩչռֶ룬ɶɲȥ
˼ֻһ˲֮䡣
ţһͷײʻĺռУϹżƷսʾǿʣֱײһ
ȫûгϣײûκεֵ˺˷顣
ʣ޸ΪϹżƷս֮һнǿĹֶΣû֮һ
ǾϢűƻԶԶȲƣ
ʵķѣ㽫ĿͶ˲Զ
ԭܵģֻϧպϣһԿռӲȥֻԵǻ
֮㳯˹ȥöӰ޾ָ֮˴ֳ̧ʩչ;Ϣ
Ϣ
Ϣ
Ϣ
ǽξϢȥ˶֧ŲסˣҪģͷֳУһ´̽࣡
ʾǿߣУǰ󲻹һʱ䡣
ʱ򣬱ɢȥѰڴ¿з˲ԣæǧִӳԱص
ӳģȴֻķѵʬ壬Լһĳ
ΧסϧκֶΣնɱ
˲һĨ⣬ʣڵʵ̫ǿˣǿĵزȻڣȴܹնɱ׺εĻʾǿߣ
´֮Ѹ˿Ҫ˴
˾ȻǧִӳԱסԼܣ
ֻϧԸ
ܣ
һ𣬽αǰһ̧֣˲串Χ
۷׶Σͬзտռã;Կռ÷ͬ£ʩչһ㹻ˡ
⣬ֻտռе޻Ļܹɢġ
Կռ޷ɢ
ҲֻܱУȻҪ뿪ĻʱȡԿռķգǽסѰ취
ɢӣס
֮󣬾ѸɢеȴѾĹб𣬱նɱ
ΧҪֵǧִӳԱ𾪵
Ҳ̫ǿЩɣ
ԸԼһؾֻҪʱ͸㶨ˣ
ִӳԱ
ΧһȺͨؾںڵִӳԱѡĵ
ѩʶִӣǶӳ֮⣬вٸӳ
Щӳڵޣѩʶ⻰ʶľͬʱȻĴ˵ġ
Ǿ͹ˣģҵʦ㡣
˵
仰˲ִӳԱһ𾪵
ģʦ㣿
Ҫ˭ĻҪ˵𣿸οʶѾˣսƿֲǾһӵϣҲԸ
װȻȥһǷĵʦܣ仰˵ǲѾǳ۵״ӡ
ɢ
ִӵЩӳ̾˽ɢȻӳǰ׷׵飬ǻΪıĴ˵ʦܣӦá
лλ
΢΢һЦ̧˦ʮöļƷҩЩǼɣһöŰɡ
ִӸӳʱǰһ
ļƷҩҲҪһһö־͸öһӾ׬˰
ٶЧǳԣִӸӳж̾Ͳ˾֮ɫ
ÿϧˣ󻹵öˣǹȷչ׳󡣡
һӳɫ˵
ĳ˳۵״ӣôѩʳͻ۵״ӣҫһӵУ
ɴ˿ɼѩʳչ׳ָտɴ
ȵʱЩִӳԱ϶ҲõôԴӶϸߵ磡

ǰѩʶڵ¸Ľ֮ǰһ˶ʯ֮ݺ
޸жУ¸Ҳзݣ
иׯ԰ǽǵȡޣׯ԰иѾڣ¸ֻҪ˶ѣ¸ڡ
ң¸ҲûУҪ¸һ򾡣Ҫɱ¸
޸ʱ˵¸޸Ѿɱ޸ʮˣȫǲ
ѽ¸֮˷˱ɱϡ
ûʵҲˣӵ㹻ȻܷŹɱ֮ˣ
Ĳ˵޸ׯ԰Ҫȷչ;ԲǱڵˣԣҪ¸
¸ʱȴ¸¸£¸ſӭһЩսսģ
ȻȫûѾǶУ
ˣ¸ʾᷢ䡣
¸ΪòŮӾȻֱӳˡ


827 ׯ԰֮
¸Աò绨Ůӣ֪ЩޣǺ֮ǰһͬһȺ
ϸ˿¸һۣûɵεȷƯȻϧǣгͶ
ȻǱ㽫¸Դȫʾ⡣
˵
⡭
¸ԣվЩԥ¸Դɲ٣ȫĻ¸ʵٴα
ԭ֮ǰĴ¸Ѿˣһδ½û֮գ
Ҫ֪ʱ䣬ǱѩʳڶٷչʱֻȥѩʳΪѩ۹еڶѾϡ
ץסʱĻ¸ڱѩʳû֮أ
ȻϽǾɡ
¸û뵽ǣһԥ̾ЦһԿռ;ͬʱʩչ
Ǽǵã֮ǰʯ֮¸Ů
£Բ¸οڹ۲˫۵ʱ˫ܵһɱ⡣
һɱ⣬վնݳ
˲鲼ȫĵһʱ۳¸Ϯɱȥڻʾڵ¸Զ֣һδ߶ƣ
ֲһл;ֶһÿֻʩչΣ˵ƣǱǰöˡ
ƻʮΪʩչƶԶ塣
ϣڵʶøֻһɳת¸Ϯɱȥ
¸ȫû뵽һԲֱӶ֣ô˵ҲǸʾڵǿߣֵһɲǣֱһ㺮Լǰγһ¼Ϊصıǽ
ƺȻ
ǽӦ飡
¸ŵţһʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ĺ֣֮ӡϢ
ǽϵľϢ¸ʩչʲôֶΣ޷ĺȫܿͱĳʴ
ˣ
һ̧֣ͬһУԿռ䴩͸ֶοٳ¸ȥ
¸嶼ûü仯ͱнδ࣬ǰʩչǽֶεֵȴû취ֱֵӴ͸࣡
¸
ȴ֣¸󣬴̽оȻױ¸ıԴ֮޾⣡
ʱûᣬΪڼսС
˵¸ʣʾǿߣһʾڵĸһʾڵĳϣȻǳȴʧˡ
üͷ΢壬δ룬֮ǰǳϾʹĳЩ¸Ҫ뿪˰ɡ
ʵ̫󣬷紵ݶ¸׼
˵¸δնݳ
ȻˣԲŹ¸κˣܿ콫¸ڵȫɾȻĹŲӰαװһֻС񣬳Χȥ
ҵ¸ˣȻٶԷ
ĹŲӰ´ָȻ뿪¸޸ڴȥ
ˣܲҵ¸ˣģڣŹȥܶʱ䣬Էпܻû뿪ѩʳ
˭Զռ䴫͵ģʹõǬ¸ӵС
ȻʵҲԷĻҲֻˣ֪ߵ˿϶Ϊ¸ѪȻԱ𣬶ʱҲ̫ܳ֡
ֻҪһʱ䣬ׯ԰޸ʵˣҲûбҪ¶Էıˡ
ȻҵնݳȻõġ
ţܿͻص޸

¸Ĳ׽飬ܿ촫ѩʶͬʱҲܿع⡣
۵ĵ״ӣĴ˵ʦܣɨ˶޸ׯ԰в¸Եޱȣ
¸ʵˣȫһսб˸е˼顣
֮ǰڻʶʢҫѲŽ䣬Ŷʱ䣬Ȼնɱʾǿߣ
ǳ۵״ӣ
ǰЩҪԸׯ԰޸ģͬһʱ䳹״ͷļƷ似Դ˵ǳ
ڣǳ۵״ӡ
ļƷ似ʲô
ãļƷ似оаɣ
һʱ֮䣬ҪͽȻ޸ʱȴȻѾ뿪
ʵϣ¸ֻ֮ص޸˴ŽһȻͺһׯ԰ɻȥˡ
Ϊ濶˵ׯ԰ҲܲΪׯ԰ٹǸû̫ѹׯ԰ڣƴƺı
˵Ȼǲˡģͺһɻׯ԰
ݵϢȴԶԶ濵ٶÿ죬ǳ۵ĵ״ӵϢصׯ԰֮ǰ˾Ѿׯ԰Ͽա
ʱׯ԰Ȼ˵ǰ㣬ҳһš
ׯ԰룬ϲ㣬Ƿòٴļ似ĵطʱ˿̣طػ
ɣϣ
й֮ǰԴȪڽʶСӵǿߣڰϣΪԵ̤Ȼָʾׯ԰ΪЧ
ʱ˿̣ɺͰſڣ֮⣬Ȼϰ޾ۼЩ˿кһЩںţ˵Ҫǽ
õۻþһ֮ׯ԰룬һȺ޺޼롣
ȻµѹؼΪϽվǳӣΪļƷ似Щ޵ʵ̫ˣ
رĳЩԭׯ԰ĹǸ֮Щ޺޸Ǳ䱾
޸յ˺·Ϣ˵ޱңǰæǲʮһȴû뵽ʮ˶¸;ɱ
˵µЩȻûκκøУڹˣԼΪǿƵ̬¸
濷ģǿƵׯ԰޸϶£
ôǿĵȻҲҪǰʥǣ뿴Ϊʲôܳɳô졣
룬ǵطضмԴɣ
ֱ
ׯ԰ϿգһȥͿһƬҵľ
ľӹ̹ׯ԰˵ûʲôˣǰŵȵȣԭȫ˽ڣЩҵĽ޺ƻ˽˺ǡ
ȻΪ˰ȫ룬˶֮Щ޺޷䱾ۼһҪֱ
ЩˣȻҪڵֱ֮Ӵ뿪ʱĻҲǵټ
ֻϧպʱˣ


828 Ҿ
ׯ԰ҵЩޣȫ֪Ѿˡ
ʵϣûеõѩʶڷϢ֮ǰЩ˾㿴ҲẦ¡
ϿҲֻڶѣ
ȻٶȾˣ˵Ȼ㲻ʲô
ׯ԰Уܹٶ޺ޣ뿪֮룬Щһʼغ¶µĹ򣬵Ƿ֣պ¹ٵúüܵõļƷ似
ǣЩ˾͵Ȳˡ
ͬʱң
ЩʮؾǿߣԺǵȻֵסЩҵʱΨһܹסǡ
ҵȺУܹʮǿߣһڣڣڣʵԶׯ԰ԭ
ǿߣһڣһʮǰɶš
ɣҾӣڸÿǿɶҪˣ
ڵӣԹв˵仰һٶ˷׷׺ƺƴ
ֻϧȫΪֻվſڣֳһѴļƷսĮԶԡ
ֻҪЩҳ⽫Щȫնɱ
ڸˣûϵĻǾͿԶˡ
ڵӵ˵
ȻʱҳȥԸɣڵڵ˹Ļ֮ԸһҲܹˡ
ڣеģץµˣϵĺׯ԰ڵĸ
ֻϧľӹ̵ĽǺÿģ
ǵ̫ˣׯ԰ǣΪṩ˲Դ벻ǾȻΪһ似ѣĹΣ
ڹԣİϣһʹ޵ĵŸǰЩޣֻϧŸ̤ڲã绹δţǰЩ˵Ķ֡
ߣҵΪׯ԰ִж񣬵õĹֵȴֻǴļƷ似ͷ
ڵһȻׯ԰֮˲ǣǾȡҵҪƾʲôҵȣ
ƾˡ
ʱͻȻʹڳ˶С
϶ʱһ˷ܣ͹һ̧ͷһ۾ͼ濵Ӱǰ
㣬濣
ڵӼ״ʱüͷ΢壬˵¸Ѿ޸ȫסô濻ܳ
ңʱʱ䣬ٴγ־ȻѾڵΪˣ˾ȡ
Ҳڶѡ
һڵСӣҲңǲ֪˵
ڵӣ죬ûһߵͨ濣͸ûˡ
£һľȻǿռһռգϮţ
ӣСģ
£æѣȴǰһδʲôġ
ɷǳʱĵͨܶԿڵǿߣôڣѾ̤ڣʲô
ȻһĻʱóдҡ
ͣ£
һ̧֣Ʒֱ˵ţγ׽ס
Դ֮ƣ
ųһѿռ۳ɵĴ󸫣˲佫ȻδĹһε
Ϣ

Ϣ
ֻʽֶεĲѭ㽫ǼһﳹסھϢвϱݻʴھϢȥȫڽֱֱ̿ׯ԰ѩϣûϢ
Ҿ죬
ӣ
ʣЩҵĽ޼˾ʱʧ룬ϰ˷ֱΧɢӿȥ
ڵʣЩ˸лᵽǴļƷ似
ԣǵһʱ䱼ɢ
ֻϧῴѣ
򣡡
һֱ̧ӷųһӵڹâΧһţһƬԿռͽƬռڡ
Щ˳ΧɢӳɷΧ֮ͻȻǰһۿĿռϣѡ
ʲô޷ռϣ

һ£͹һ׷ɱȥ˲նɱһһҵĽޡ
˿ʼģȻˡЩҵļһ
ֳУոЩ˵ֻһʱ䣬ׯ԰ΧڵٶҾȫ͹Уһ
ׯ԰ڣ¸һѪϴѪأȾׯ԰ڸŰѩء
Ҿȫ𣬺Ŵׯ԰ˣ뿪˶صЩһΪ𾪵ĿųС
ˣ
һѾ̤ؾּеޣһׯ԰ˡ

ׯ԰ܹܺ£ϣ籣Ůվǰĺ
ʱƵɫ
˵ׯ԰׻ŵ죬ȫ뿪ׯ԰ȥˣ
λһЩһǰʥǣܸõģȻȴ֣ҪҵЩˣȥˣԤϡ
ţܰҶ֣𰣬ջī
ȵȣ֮ǰϤˣȫҪѰԼ֮·ԴˣҲûʲô취
£֪ЩǷֱǰʲôطȥˣԼȻҲǡ
Ҫһ۾ǿߣǿͨݣ֪Щڵλãֻϧûе۾ǿߵİæ
ȻˣֻѡһЩǰˡ
εҡҡͷ˵һЩ˵֣ڵţϦ軹ڣǰʥǰɣ˳ΪϸߵųԱ
ųԱȫ˿ӡģʹ˵аȫĵĻһС߸ӡ󡱣ǰ˸ʿʩչס۾ڵǿߣ
а˸ʾʿһ𹹽߸ӡǽסϵˣ
Ȼţ𣬷ܰǶˣֻˣ˵УϦɹԾѡΪ߸ӡͷˡ
Ϧʱ򣬷յСѾͷǳ˲٣ѾӵͨΪٶѾ൱˼ˡ
С裬ƣͨѩʹڵĴͷ󣬴߸ųԱǰʥʥȻ˵Ҫҡ˪ᰲȥ鷨ģһ֮ǰǾͰɡ
Ϧ˵
ţܴүүһȥ𣿡
ϦЩʵ
ٴμоǰһˣϾѾǸؾǿˣ˵Щнˡ
Ȼԡ˭ʹ˭Ҫǰ˸鷨п֪𣿡
ЦԴһһ֮ڻȥʱҿɵüһǵɹ


829 ʹ
һϦ軶뿪ȥѡˣһһֱŵһŵ˵ȻϤˣѡ߸һǰʥǣ¡
⣬ҪүүϦɣϦְʵϣϦɵˮƽ㲻ʲôˡ
ׯ԰ֵ츳Ϊʣڸѧϰׯ԰籵Ľ̵½١
ڵ֣ΪոմﵽһͨѾܹ켶ƷҩֻҪΪٸһܹƴļƷҩ
Ǳߣ³٣ǰûѧѩʳ֮󣬵ǸϡԪѧϰ˺ֻܶ࣬һأﵽ˶ͨʱֻҪ㹻ĲϣƳ켶Ʒս
һģļƷսǲһ㡣
ǴļսǵҩҪƣӵĵͨΪ㹻ԴĻ˵ҲӦÿˡ
Ѻºһһš
۽ģ԰ӰһƲȡ˳ݸ˺º濣Լһһ룺ЩԴֵܹǧңһһ룬ȡׯ԰޸չ졣
ôԴóǺ»濣ȫˡ
ֵǧҵԴ
Ҫ֪ׯ԰޸ÿµ룬ҲֻһҰˣƴƴܵõġ
ڣһóǧҵԴǣ
ҲòϣڵѾߵǰȥˣһУƺΪǰһʥǣ
Ҳǰһʥˡ
ţֱӺ˳
ȥʥǵĻͺϦһ߰ɣȥǰʥ֮ҵĵط
˵ͷ˵
ڰأȻüͷ΢壬Ϊоһȥ̽ĻĹŲӰҵ¸ʣµǸʾڵĳϣ
ʱ˿̣¸ʾڳϣһڵŮӵ˱ѩʶ֮⣬һУһꡣ
꣬ҲʶȻƶ˵۹ĵ۾ǿ߶ӣƳˮ
ƳˮʾڣʵӦñ¸ҪǿһЩνڵǰһֻ
ţͺ¡濸ǣֱ׼ǰɱƳˮԼɱ¸
նݲвԼ¸ʣһŮͳϣҲŹκһ
ǲƳˮǻߣΪĻĹŲӰ̽⵽Ƴˮ¹ɵŮͳϣֱӳׯ԰
ƳˮֱɱΪ¸˱
һսȻӱܣӭȥֻҪٹһʱ䣬˫ͻׯ԰һϷ
иͦȤġ
ĻĹŲӰ̽鵽¸С˱ԸģΪǻʾڵĸɱˣһƳˮ
Ƴˮȴ˵ˣʵѰʾҪǿܶƴʾڵʿǷġ
ٶŮȻֻܸںΪֻƳˮˣҪŮ޸ƳˮĴۡ

˰ﷶΧ֮ڣֱӿ˰Ӱۣ֮ﷶΧڵȫ۵ףȻҲƳˮ¸ٶŮȫա
ֱӳڴȥһˡ
쵽ˡ
Ƴˮ⼶ǿ˵룬Ǽʮľ룬̽鵽ƳˮƳˮȻҲ̽鵽λá
˫ڣѸٽӽ
ҵң˵ѾΪ˳۵״ӣҲҪȥǣܵܵĳҪ£ȻҾǷŲ£
Ƴˮд䣬¸ٶŮ˵οδ޵ļ壬ƳˮضҪɱ
ϣˣؼʱ̣һ㡣
¸Ļʾڳϣ˵
ȻʱһĨӰͷ֣һгӺй
ʲô
һĻ̱Ƴˮע⵽ʱ󾪡
ĸ֪Уǻʮ֮ô˷͵Ϯˣ
ңһԾͽͻϮֶλǺ
¸⵽͵Ϯȫûκξʧı飬ֻһ̧֣ȫţһڣһĨֱӽݻ٣ȴû˵ֺ
Ϣ䣬ĹٴϮ⣬˲佫ϿշԲʮķΧ֡
ʲôҾ
ƳˮһȣһбͬһС̫˰УȻֱӽľⶼɢ
ǻʾǿߣ
һ͵ϮֱûܴЧżʾڵǿҲûɱڵ˵ֻҪС£ʲôѶȡ
һöһö䰵ǣӺϵİ۳ƳˮȴʼûҵӰ
Ƴˮս״̬¸Сı¸ŮҿƳˮȴҲԶȥΪǺֶμΪݣǾԲ䵥
ܿ죬һöһö䰵ڿƳˮʱѿƳˮȴһһ̧֣ĺȻγһƬ֮ǽ䰵ǵıըȫס
棬
ӰһУϸ۲Ƴˮսʽ֣ܿԸƳˮԲ֮ǰô򵥡
ΪƳˮĻԶ֮ǰʺ¸ĿֶκȥԻᱻֵס
һϢֶֹΣͲܻжԷ
ͷ¶βʲôҳʹ
ƳˮУȴûҵĶʱޱŭȫ̫ͬһţΧ۳ʮųʹӰʮʹӰÿһƳˮԼȴȫɹɡ
ղ񷣡
ƳˮһȣʮʹӰʱųԣȻ÷ԲʮﷶΧڵӰȫɢӰ٣
ÿ죬ֱαװ˺еһС㡣
ͬʱʮӰҲӺϷ۶ɣÿһӰжһ䵶ĵͨٻ֣
̤ڣκֶζʩչֶһٻʮ
ֻϧһٻеαװС֮󣬱ڰӰ֮ռоͿʼðӰ޾壬ʼָ
ʮ֣ѰҶ֣ɱʮʹ
޾մأʹϾ֣·޵һ㣬˫Ѹսһţÿһʹ;֣ʵȻ࣡
ֻڰˣôܣ
ƳˮЩֵսеޱȾ죬ĻڴˣڣȻûҵټ
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ԲʮڵӰǿбɢΧжƳˮָƣûΣ
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ΪпȻеҩƿ
һ˱ǶҩƿֻһŵҩȻöҩʲôõģȴһöϹżƷϵĵҩ
ѰϹżҩûôŨҩ㣬öҩͺùħŲεϢֻЩ
ֻûȥʹˡ
öҩȻ۳ĹŲӰŹڲȥ
ռѷãʱпûĹŲӰ̽·֪ôġ
ಽСĽǰԽ棬ҩϢԽŨƷԽߣ
ߵãѾõһö̫żĵҩϲ⣬ջ̫ˣ
ǰĸõʱĹŲӰͬʱܵһʹαЩȣǺǿûнǳߡ
ⴢصҩĹУ֮һ·ͨһ߸֮Ŀռѷ졣
߸ãѾռѷ쳹״ݻ٣ΰõĽϣֻڵ߸òֵܵסռѷ
϶߲ôԶ
ðһ߸ûİоֻҪǰһԼͻֵסռѷˡ
ϧֻõõĵҩ
Щϧվڵеʱ򣬵ȷǷֿռѷѾ൱ֲǰĻûκλ·
ĺˣһߴ򿪵õĵҩйȻһö͸Ϣĺҩ
̫żƷ
뵽
̽ϹżܹõϹżҩѾ൱ˣǺڵҶ΢Ϊ̽˲Ϲżõ˶ϹżҩΪô졣
ڣ͵õ̫żƷĵҩ
̺ΪŨ֮⣬ƷҩǾ߱Чģ
ܽӰϵھżұͬ׾޵С
л
δʹ뿪˳֮ͨ󣬽˹һڡ
ҹʮ˸ڣ
ʮ˸֮Уһ·ͨÿһõöҩĻܹܵõʮöҩ
һӴĲƸ
ȣ
Цеҩһ𣬶ܵõЩҩֵøߣ


834 ȡ
һʱ䣬߱˴عʮ˸ڣÿڶá
ܹʮҩƿӣֻϧһЩǿյģյõʮһöҩһɫϹż̫żģƷƷҩһѡ
ڿɲóȻãǵȻȥʹ˵ˡ
Ÿ󷽵ĵãǳȣֻϧ̤ԶĻͻᱻõĿռѷˣһǿɾ͵òʧˡ
Ǻ滹ڣڷű󱣻õĵҩƿо൱ᣬô൤ҩüȴòʵ̫ˡ
عԭгǧãдųǧöҩ㱻ռѷƻ˴󲿷֣Ҳʣٸûбݻٵġ
ڣŵõʮһöҩȻ̫ġ
֪㣬ǳĻ֮ͲˣϹżôĵҩ
ÿһ߶ʦץĿߣҲֻһˡ
ܷ취
۾˼ڤ
УһƬֻҪӡΧʯȫâá
ⷨӡ͹رÿһöҩػķӡһģһģͻȻһӡΧйâȫϨ
ĹŲӰӰǰУ
۳һĹŲӰȻûĹŲӰӰӣںڰвǰУܿͷ֣ռѷڴӰȻû
κζ۳һ֣֮ᱻռѷߣǻӰ֮ȴܵκã
ͽ˿ռѷ⣬һһǰǾǻӰ֮޷ӡ޷رյҩػҪȡߵҩ
һ˼ǻĹŲӰȡ˻Ӱվ˵У̼ܵ˿ռѷǿ
ǻĹŲӰʩչ⣬ȫ˾ĺУ
ԭõĻĹŲӰ˲ԭͣϲ⡣
ȻܹηΧпռĵãԿռѷҲֹܹ
ϧǣ÷ΧڵĿռȫܵռĵӰ죬䱾ȴᱻռѷߣߵٶ൱졣
Ѿ㹻ĻᣬҪò൤ҩһͷײˡ
Ϲż似⣬Ǿʹõ似Ȼͬ죬رǵԲ֮
̤뻯һеýΪˡ
ĹŲӰʩչľ⣬ֻʱ䣬кᱻռѷȫߡ
벻ϵʩչ⣬Լʩչľ⣬֧ʱ䣬ʱӡֻܲۻĹŲӰûĹŲӰһһʩչ⡣
̤ؾҪˡ
ҲΪԲʩչ⣬һһĿһãڵϱģÿʮʱͱһöӰԵ޾塣
˼Ĵۣ
пռڴǧö޾壬Ҳܲסģ𼴽õĵҩЩ޾Եòֵһˡ
ʱ򣬻ңһһǧö޾塣
ܶõһöҩǼֵʹﵽǧϣһǧκ˹Ը
ӡ
ǰŲһľ룬˵УȻӡдŵҩػȡˣȻһѽҩƿС
ȻãܷŹ
һʩչ⣬һ߿ǰȥ̫󣬺ܿͷֻ֣ĵʮö޾塣
ȥϵ޾еҩοԽǿռѷ죬ԽĵԽ죡
룬˸Ϊ󵨵ľ
þǰֱӱ¶˹ͨУռѷѸ˹ȥ
˵Σ֮ٶȴѸ˰￪ĵãһö޾嶼ûлѣ
ڵеʱۼֿ죬һ˲ַ̧ų⣬öסˣȻĹŲӰʼʩչ⡣
ĹŲӰʩչľ⣬ֻҪһʱͻᱻȫߣڵõģǵõ֮ࡣ
ֻʱ䣬ͼſˣŵѸȥ
Ѿõ˵еĵҩƿжһ˳ȥСģΪռѷԽԽǿ
˵еʱĻĹŲӰ۾⣬ͻᱻȫߣٴμӱ
ãֻʣ¶ϱڲԫǰһƬ޾գǿռѷǧԶȻѾǳ޴
һľĹֵס˽Ŀռѷǰ۾ⶼ޷ռѷˣΪ̫ǿˣڳ̶ȵľ⣬ֲס
ûʲôȥĦԫϱڵľ󣬵еĵҩ֮תطɣʱ˿̣Ͳʱʡˡ
벻ϵľ壬ۻĹŲӰӶһߣȥԿռѷǿ
ӵûصãʮö޾壡
ӵûصã˶ʮö޾壡
ӵûصȫĵãʮö޾壬Ҳ˵õҩƿӣĵʮö޾塣
Ҫʮ߸ڣܹҪһǧö޾壬ָҲĵϻʣŰö
ȻҲֹͣΪΪʵ׬ˡ
򿪴ӵеҩƿʱðһҩ㣬ֻһ£·ȥһ޾ԶսԶŴսϲɱ
ǳԽ̫żĵҩ
ڳܲס̽ҩƿϣҲᶨҪȥڵĵãеĵҩŪ
Խ̫żĵҩǻʲô
ûʹ˵֪ǿ϶ǴڵģһöԽ̫żĵҩ̺пܴﵽϹżҩ򱶡
Ҫ֪Ϲż̫żѾһΡ
Խ̫żĵҩϹżǿ϶٣
˵Խ̫żĵҩп̺ʲôЧⲻڵ֪ģ磬֪
һöԽ̫żĵҩ˵޼֮ʮö޾壬ʲô
Ͻڣÿһڶ뵽ãеҩƿߡ
ҹ֮Ѿʮڣֶõʮҩƿֻϧƿӣʣֻжʮöҩ
УֻһεõһöǳԽ̫żĵҩĵߵзõģ̫żƷ̫żƷҩ
Ҳҹһ̲ͣʩչ⣬һ似ٴεõͻơ
ԲͻƵ˳Ȼ֮


835 
ⱻʩչ˳ǧΣڵõͻƵʱȫһͻˣ
ԲͻƵȻ磬ȹ̶̳һʮҲ˵ҪڵľɢҪ֮ǰǿʮ
仰˵ռѷҪȫߣҪ֮ǰʮʱ䣬͸һõĻᡣ
֮ǰĻϵĵҩʮ˸ڵģڣʣ°˸ڣҪĵ޾壬ֻ൱֮ǰһ
ϻö޾壬ٻʮö߱ʮ˸ڣԵڵĵҩȫŪˡ
ţж
֮ǰ̽ʮڣҹʱ䣬Ȼİ˸ڣܹʱ͸㶨ˡ
սʣ¹ȫ̽һյʱѾõ˾ʮöҩ붼ϹżƷĵҩÿһöʶôͬҲ˵Щҩǿȫãҽȫյġ
ʮöҩϹżʮö̫żʮöԽ̫żĵҩܹöջ̫ḻˣʹṩķӡҲܵõЩҩһöò
ţɵԶ۲صҩĹܿ뵽һ㡣
Ȼǰô൤ҩôأ
һռѷ죬һΪܹʮţǰʮֻʣãǡأ
Լʱ䣬ƹǿռѷ죬󲿲鿴һôõĻ᲻ܷŹ
⣬㿪ʼٶƹռѷ졣
ʼձźͿռѷһ룬ͲᱻռѷӰ쵽ϳŹƹȥ
Ȼһʱ䣬Ƶ˿ռѷĺߣָõĹǰ󲿼ֱһƬ档
ڿռѷӰ죬󲿶һƬԫϱڣ֮УƮŲٱȽϴĲ֡
ֱӷ˵һ󲿷֣йȻһŵҩĵãѾֻʣһ룬ԭ÷ʯϵĵҩƿͲɡ
ҩػҪǱƻͺѼˣһҩƿɾͱռѷֱˡ
ģѰһ鲿ֵĹ󲿽ܹʮ棬ȴֻһĵҩõġ
ȻǳԽ̫żĵҩڹ󲿴صĵҩ϶ǰصĵҩƷʸߡֻϧ󲿶Ѿ˷棬ҩѾռѷȫȥˡ
õ˵һöҩлΪϲģΪöҩϢ֮ǰöԽ̫żĵҩϢŨȻƷҪһЩ
ھƷ޷ֱˣΪȼĵҩ˵Ѿ󣬴δĶȻԷֱ档
żֻҪҵʹɼЩҩڣǲãóʲôӡ
عѹһգʱϹżѾȥ˽һµʱ䡣
ӵʹڵķӡǻôʱ䣬ΪϹżСкʵ̫ˡ
ţδߣڴعſڣʼá
ҪȵģȻ޵۹ЩһǣϹżտʱŽƣֻе۾µܹ롣
ʹܵСкһƺģǵطԲٿСſӶõ۾ǿܹ
СкˮôֻĶԸЩʾļһ
οĵ۾ǿ߽Ҳܻӻʥǣԣһжмƻġ
ڣڴعſãΪ֪Ĳٻʾǿߣܹ׷ڵķλ
磬Щ˶Ƿܵط˿ģΪСкһжҪӡٿصġ
ûзӡͲܵõСкеκζ
˵ҩع֮⣬ȥĵطˣĹ㣬ЩʾļһҲˡ
ȴ
һһߵȴȵСкУȻҲܸӦǳϢӶ
似Ҫ̤뻯ȴʼղͻƣҲ֪Ϊʲôһ̤뻯ٶȽһα
ԼʱڸܵңԶУ˺üϢҸǻʾǿߵϢ
ˣ
ֱ˫ֹۣͣתԴعװǸոӣֱ̤˴عһڡ
һպ˴ļʾǿߵС
ʾڣʾڵߣޣԶԶռѷݻٳľ͹͸оһӰڹſһš
Сӣ׷
ʾ߶ʱǰһʺСк׷һ£Ͱˡ
ڼһܺΰĹպüӰһӽǵľ
׷ˣ
ңӦþѾСкˣ˵طʲôĻ϶ȫ
ٶȳŹ׷ҺܿѡǸڣС׷˽
ȻԲڵ̫ƣȻܽΪϹżпкܶŵģȵ˵ʲô塣
ܿ죬ǾǰһΪ˵һã˵ʯ̨ϷһΪӵҩƿ
ҩ
ͬʱ鼤ȴȫûóȻǰΪûмӰǰĳʵ̫ˡ
Ƚȴˣǰһƿҩ
ⵤҩôõĻΪʲôã
ϲ֮࣬һľ裬ʾںڵģԲçײĴ
ܿǾͷˡ
ΪǿǵҩڵĵУѸٳźܣ
׷
ͬʱ
ΪǵУɼǵûʲôΣյģǿԷĵ׷ֻҪŪǾܷĵ̽żˡ
׷һеʱȴѾ뿪˵һãǰ˵һ͵ڶ֮ͨС
Ȼˣӡ
ԭرŵĵҩػһηɫâ˲ǰĻʾϡ
ʱһޱȿֲʾֱ˺ѳƬûһ˿أ
ų˲ͣס˽Ųһɲޱ׹ĵطȫ亹ðˡ
ǱˣֻһڣٶȱȽϿڡ
ڣȽСĽٶȣȴӹһ١
ô£
ʣ漴ͬʱĿ˺󷽵ʶľã϶ڵ
ȻʱȴҲһɲı飬Ȼ֪ᷢ顣
ǿһңƺõʱЩûг֣
⵱Ȼαװġ
Ϸȫݼ
ͺȻȫƭˡ


836 ų
ֳı飬ȻʣµΪ˲Ƕѵİɫ϶ͷųģҪȻΪʲôᾪȺң
Ȼˣ˾ͱȽϷˡ
Ҫܲٿ˿ֲİɫǻôԿŪѾܲˡ
һһǻ˵һá
üͷ΢壬δᣬתŸȥԵúܾЩʾǿһҲЩʾǿУķӦϾǶǻʾҪǱץסĻ϶ûл·
ûڣ˾Ͳᱻҩػˡ
Ƿֻû£Ȼһ˽ֱӳŵʯ̨ȥܿ콫ĵҩƿȡС
ϹżƷĵҩѾˣǱСȡˡ
һɫһ
ϹżƷҩ
ɫһϲоԼҪˣһоʹϹżƷҩĻأ
ټٸðɣ
Сеаš
ɫӳ˵Ǽ׷ȥ
˵˵ͷǷϹżƷҩĵҩƿ඼಻סˣһŵڶñйȥ
ʱѾ˵ڶãߵ˵룬װҪȡʯ̨ϵĵҩƿӡ
һ׷ȫһס֣
飬˿»ܶ࣬ȡǵҩƿһϸ룬һͳɱ
һˣֽ̧õĿռգֹѣȻһԣһռ˲䳯ն
˻ʾڣȻֱ֮ʩչ֮ͨ͸˱ԷյĿռ䣬ȻһӰ뿪ã
⼸Ҳ̤ãڵһѶ˱µǸҩƿһһŨҩζ˲Ʈ˳
ȻϹżƷҩ
ϲɫȻһ̣ü׹ٴδӵΧ֣Ȼȥ
뿪˵ڶúٴο˵ҩػ
ĵ׹֣˲佫ʾǿ𣬻ʣˣȴΪǸʾǿߣ
׹̫죬ǿռģеѣ˵õˣȫʬ޴档
ʣĻʾǿ߼״ʱһ£ҿûи̤ãҲѾˡ
̧ͷڵöͨУЩ̰ŵеڵϵĵҩƿȴҽȥȡ
Ȼ֪СΪˣְ׹𣬵Ȼ׹ⲻƵġ
ǻʾǿһ˼ת뿪
ֵطðգʲô֪ˣ׼ȥһţֹطѡ
ھһõʱ򣬴£̤ãֱʩչռģǰ˲ɵľ룬صڸ
ֱ˲Щá
ǻʾǿ£˲ƶ׹⹥ã˳뿪
ڹڴһȻϹżڴȥҪ뿪Ϲżȥ˽
ôϹżƷҩڣ϶Լҵܶ˹ȫǻʾǿߣҲ㹻ˣ
ûȥˣȻģΪľ̽Щ׹ֵĻơ
ֻҳ˰׹ֵĹɣпܵõЩҩҪȻĻҩûַŲִ¡
ԾԱʮ߸ڣҲûʲôȤٶ뿪ˡ

뿪ЦһЦ
ȻǼһǳȥˣȻҪȥˣʱſϹżĽˣЩҩеػЩ׹۾ǿ߶ģطԵ۾ǿߣ˿顣
ȻԷܹԿռãԸѾ˳Ȼܹκοռĵʩչ
Ѿں˿ӣ͵ȱˣ֪ˣɱ٣һܷųȥ
޵۹˵ǵзѣ֮ǰڻ֮ǣŮ˾ͽǰԵҪһֱۣ˫Ѿ
ȻͲŹԷʵĻᡣ
ңܹһЩ벻ĴҲ˵
ҪſϹżĽСкĿƺģǵطֻ÷ӡܲٿأǰǸط㡣

ڴعо͵ʼϢһ似뻯ԽԽ
˿żΪߵĻʾǿҪ뿪Скٵһʱ䡣
ԣһֱ˴ʱ䣬ʮ֮ڵõͻƣ벽̤˻
볹̤뻯ôһ㣬ڿɲܼˣϵСкеĿƺĲС
СкѾʱ䣬ʱڣֻһʾǿ֣ѵֻ߸һˣ
ֱӳڴȥԶͼڴĻʾǿߵľ
ʾǿߵľ
Ѱ˵֣˵ȴʲôӰȻƽǾշӦ㱻
ţö䰵ٴۣȻը
ʾڵľһ㷴֮ûֱӱɢȥ
Ȼսصڹڣȴһ㶼ĻὫƻȻö䰵Ǳըû˵ֺ
֪ܽնĿռѷ죬ӵжôǿ
⾵һֱӡͨѷ׼ǰСĿƺˣ׼۾ǿ߷Ž

ݻٵʱѾҪصСڵʾǿɫһ䣬ȴδͷԸٶڷȥ
ڻȥʮʱ䣬ҵˣڵֻ뿪С磬ȥԮѡ
û죬ϹżڣȻǰһ
Ȼе۾ǿ߽ˣϹżڴᣬѾʮ۾ǿߣͬϹż
۾ǿܹˣ
һ˵ʾڵΪ㲻ʲôˣǴпܱڻҰ
յˣܿܲЩ۾ǿߣ
Σ
˵дʹΪϹżУǵ۾ǿߣҲþá
Щ۾ǿ֮󣬴̽Լ˵һ飬;ΣգбȽС͵ĿռѷĴεУռ˺顣
ȻһϹżľͿռѷ죬ֻУǿ׷ټɣҵһҵһΰ
УÿöһҩƿϹżƷҩ
˵ĻһЩ۾ǿ߶Ȥ
̫۹Ĵ̳д
̫۹۾ڵĳϵ˵ż


837 
̫۹۾ڵĳϣѾ֪̫ͨ۹Ĵ󲿶ӣ׼ǰϹżǾǺܶ۾ǿɵĶ飬սԺɨ޵۹
һǰսϹż͸оżĲͬѰżеϢǰϹżҪǿö࣬ɼżкпܳһЩõĶ
̫۹Ȼûзץ뷨
̫Ԩ´ץסĻϣ̽ϹżΣץסҪ

ʱѾСкеһȦȻһЩطȫһȷߵĶˣŻص˴عĵȴϵĴ㡣
ţЩӦѾϹˣ޵۹˭ֻҪƾͲܰȫȥ
Ȼ֪¾Ȼ̫۹У֪ˣҲıڵĴ㣬ֳƿ졣
޵۹̫۹вһٺò
ţʼԼһЩطõĶ
СкĿƺģһ͵壬ͬһڱݣ÷ӡУг˽֮⣬ʲôûС
ʹҲ˵ƺûʲôҵġ
СкУĵطɾ֮ǰɨĴ湬ˣֻϧռѷնΣ඼ûˡ
طҲͬ
һкܶණѾƻѰҲκҩģȻҩĶΪʱԶȫõˡ
ҵöֵʯֱֳɫɫɫͰɫɫҲ֪ʲô
ܾ֪껹ţⶫضͬ졣
֮⣬ҵһЩϹ׹֮ϣЩκһõ磬ԲϹ׹ǵļ۸
ҵһϹ׹ǣӵеǸֳʮֹ
˵ԭϹ׹ǼֵһǧҵĻҵһϹļֵٴﵽһڣ
ȻⶫȻǲܽģԼöãսǵҩѰһһĲϡ
Щǰղֿ⣬ղֿ⣬һڽӣ޾֮УÿһӶһô໥֮
ֻϧղֿʱֻʮڽӣȻʹ
һ۲죬ͷʮڽϵ඼ˣȻǰиڽֻϧֻʣô㡣
⸽ûпռѷ죬ΪδӶˣ
˾ʱ̾뵽Скп»вΣգƶеĿռѷ죿
û⸽ֱͣӽʮڽߣеĴռС
еĴռȻԶԶСкô󣬵ЩڽӻǴ´ġ
зʲôͲ֪ˣˣʱʹǰٽ򿪺ˡ
ղֿ֮󣬻Ƭ½
СкУܹƬ½ĴڣΪȣԴ⣬У᲻ҲвֹһƬ½
²⣬֪ΪȻۣ޷뿪Ƭ½ڷΧ
ţԵ޾֮κ˽жֻ·һ
磬ߴ֮һеУߴ֮Χ֮
ԭûô룬˿ߵСк̲ס࣬߾۵ĴУǷܹǰ֮
뿪磬ֻ֮һ
ҲСһ޾ǿ
в˴ʣлᣬض֮һ⣡
СеƬ½Ѿӭ֣֮Ƭ½ûκڣֻʣһЩ׹ǣƺڱطԭķٲʢȴ˳׵׵ķ档
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֪СкѾȫƻˣҵЩѾǲˣԿ϶طʲôˡ
Ŀ꣬һö޸ĵҩһöҩ֮䣬ֻϧ֪һöֻûȥ˵ˡ
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صΰ˸طʼ
һУѾ벽̤˻ȴʼղôһ޷̤룬ôá
Ȼ룬оڲˣó֮ǰʥϯ״ӣͳϿʥȪ
ʹʹˣնϿʥȪеȷϿռģֱһ˿ıԴϿġ
һּΪǿĹģû似ĻҲӲʲô̫һֱûʲô¡
ʹ˵ˣҪлҵϿʥȪǼսڵأΪǶϿʥȪȡõǼսһЩϿص似
֮ǰ˶ϿҲʲôá
ԴҲֻܡǺǡˣĻǶϿʥȪ϶ʥ۵Ŀ֮£Ҫʹȥ⿪۵ķӡõǳս̸ף
ڣûʲôģţϿʥȪյȺͿռ˵
ںͰӰ˫ϣ˵ǿǺͰȫܹϵģʱҪôߣһֿռҲǲ
֮󣬴Źһʱ䣬Щ۾ǿߣٶҲʮ֮гʱնϿʥȪ
Щ۾ǿˣ͵ջʱˣ
Ҳ֪ܵٴ㣿
ԴΪڴ
̬ʼ˶ԶϿʥȪգУܹϿʥȪеȫգûһ˿©ռԵĿʼȫȫѪѨλ˿ռ֮С
һСƿϿʥȪԽԽ٣һʱȥͱȫոɾȻȫԡº͵ĿռУȫռĿʼϡ
ϿʥȪֻ̤֮գ򼸺ЧΪֻ̤ӱγ֮вŻ͸˴ĵһϢ
ϿʥȪֻеһƿռϢ׳ʹɳӶռĴϡ
Ͽռģûʲô̫ĸоһʼҲܲԼǺͰӰ˫һ
оԼ˱ԴĶϿģ΢ʩչһ£乥Լһö䰵Ǳըʵ̫ˣϾŸո򣬶ռϲŵһӲ
ռ໥ϵʱеȴȻɢųһ


838 
зųâ̸ܵһɿռĵʱһ
սһʼ̺˿ռĵһ֪ģ֮ǰûռϣûرֳ
ڣռϣеĿռʹ˳ڶȥ
ϿģȷûʲôãеĿռȴһˡ
һǱԴĿռԴԴӿڣܴᣡ
һ̿ʼЩӿԼڵĿռֱԴĿռȴһ㶼ɬΪѾԵʡ
ͽİɡ
ţ֪ĵþǴ͸ռ䣬ռϡ֮ʩչĿռһʮֹ
Ҳ˵ʩչӰ似ֱӿ˲Ƴʮǰľ룡
⻹Ǹտʼ˰ٷ֮һģȥЧ϶
ڣеĲӿڣⱾԴĵ򲻶
֮ǰ诲Ȼ˲ƶͻƿռ䣬ʵֻǽǳתɵ
ֱģʩչЧȻͬ˲ƾʮܲĳЧ
ȻЧʲô֪ȴԿ϶ܹǿʵս
Ĳӿ壬ҲģҲǿ
̣ʱ䣬ʱ֮ڲӿΪŹʱ䣬Ѿ֮࣡
ожԼΪ˫Եʣܹϣ˫϶ֱܹٷ֮ٵġ
սϼֻʱһţľٽĵΪģֻҪϸߣܹԶˡ
ϻһʮöľ壬׼ܶһЩȻֱӽ򵽰ٷ֮٣һʩչ֮ϺЧ
һԼ򵽵ġ
ʩչһ诲ж̾˲ƣԼ˲ļٵ˼ԺԲƵĳ̶ȣ˲ƾʮһܿԶ
ϲǣʩչ诲ʱ似ȻǺⱾԴģȴҲӳĵһЩЧ
˲Ƶյ㣬Удźǿ㣬ĿȣȻԱȵһ룡
ʩչǻ൱İӰģڣֻҪֱ˲ƣУԭ˲ƣصһ൱
վֻƷѡ
ҡҡͷλȥѧϰһЩµȻõĵҩͻ밵ӰľżϵģԹֱȥˡ
Ҫʹеõ϶򵥣ѾȰźˡʱʮ޳ѨѾ˰ɣ
ôԼöԴʯֻصʥǾܵõһöȽСкеķӡϢöʹ
УȻͰ
ģɣѾ˹Чܽٷ֮򣬻иĵ似Чǿ
㹻ǿǿʹǰĳ̶ȣ˲һ£СкеЩռѷ
ޱǿеʣ
ȻУЩռѷǲ̫Զˡ
һµļɣȻҪúϤϤȻʹʩչģܿͽġ
ҲʱڸܵңԶ֮УһԼԼǼǿҲǵ۾ǿģ
֪ڵʱˣҲ֪ĵ۾ǿж٣
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ص˴صҩĺΰУȴ˵ĵͶԵڶú档
ָһʱ䣬Щ۾ǿߵޱȿˣΰǰ
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ǣ̫۹ı־Ȼ̫۹ˣ벻ξȻһȺ㣡
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ܹʮ۾ǿߴڣֱӳɱƣֱţǰδ
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˿޾壡
һ۾ǿߵӰֱ̤ռ䣬ͻٶľ룬Խ˵һú͵ڶãֱǰһֻ˸ſֲƣö
۾ǿٶȼ죬ûӦԴ׼ʶľͳźһȻͷų
ˣֱӼһ򣬽ͨȫڡ
˫սûκηϻΪʱϻûκã
ھУǵ۾ǿһͣ漴ǽһֱ̧ӽƬ⳹ɢ

ǵ۾ǿû뵽ȻĲʱŭʮӰϴֱܳӳȥ
һнͨѾ˵ڰأǱУԲκλˡ
ֱӻӰͬʱĹŲӰĹŲӰǵ۾ǿ߳ɱȥͬʱʩչ⡣
ӰֱӽĹŲӰסһ㽫ȻΪĹŲӰȫʩչ˾⣬ǵ۾ǿסһʱ䡣
ֺȻӶȫɢʱѾ˵˵֮У
õ۾ǿߣȻһڵСϷˣ۾ǿȻΪŭû۾ǿ߱׷ٶȳ׷ȥ
ھУЩ۾ǿߣȻ޷ʩչռܹƻ
Ȼǽصúúõģݵƻ
ڲϹżԿ۾ǿߵĻ϶ǳܲסģԵ۾ǿ˵ݻϹżƷսѾǲܵ£ҲѾˡ
Σȥðյġ
۾ǿǰǰ׷̤˵УҲǺռıΪҲ޷ʩչռġ
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̤˵ãֱʩչͨƿռ䣬һӰ뿪á
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839 յ
ĵɫ֣۾ǿߵһʱ䷴Ӧ
Ƕ֮ǰǱŵĻʾǿ߽⹬ĵлһǿɫȫɱʾڵߡ
ڵ۾ǿֵܷǲ֪ʱ˿̣ǸʩչֶΣϳΧͼԴԿ׹⡣
۾ǿߣȷȻʾöˣЩ׹⣬Ȼûб˲𣬲Ȼһֵס
ֻ˰ʱ䣬۾ڵǿ߾ͷ׷ɫһ䣬ǵķѾ׹飬ֵǱǻʾǿȣֵܵס׹һ
׹֣
ʣµ۾ǿߣһ۾ǿߣҲûܼ̫ãһʱ䣬Ѿȫ˵С
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ǣҪģΪֻҪհ׹ֵĹɣǾЩ׹⣬Ӷõеĵҩҩƿ
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˲ôͣĵ۾Ůޣƺһʱʧȥ˼Ůޱһ̤뵽˵УԽץס
׹⣬δ֡
֣ʣЩ۾ǿһϲȻʱȻԿã׹֣
ʱ۾ǿ߰಻סϾ˭Ҫץסȥ̫֮Ԩкཱܶ͵ģЩͣ൱Щ۾ǿŬһã˭һ
͵̤õʱ򣬰׹ٴγ֣
Ҳһ̻ȻѹȥôһСʱڣ̤õǿٴڰ׹֮£ֻһǿĵ۾ǿߣӲǶŰ׹˵÷ΧȻһ
ȷɹĵ۾Ůޣ˾ľ룡
Ҳ룬ͷһӳʮصӣǵ۾ŮС
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һ̣̤ãɲôˣΪҪʵʩһӡ񶾡ļƻ
ۿǿĵ۾ǿߣȻûܱػİ׹֪⿿Щػǲеˡ
ԣȥյ룬ԶǿռѷԸЩˡ
׷ĵ۾Ůޣδܣźȥܿ͸ܵԿռѷٶӡ
۾Ṳ̊ãۿŲδа׹֣˿ȴҲȫڵͣǳֱɹҪץס
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Ҫ֪ħҲϹżƷĵҩħ۶Ϊɴ˿ɼϹżƷҩ
ϣھžʮöϹżĵҩ
ҪЩҩõȻȥʹ˲УڣȫԸЩ׷ɱĵ۾ǿߡ
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ʮȫ׷״˵ãӦԿռѷǲδ룬ƾǵ۾ΪԿЩġ
ǾԲܷŹģ˶ض̫Ԩسͷ
ԽԽãռѷѾıߵٶԽԽ죬ûþͱ˹ǰ˶ϱڲԫ֮֮У
Щ׷ɱĵ۾ǿߣԼϸߣҸоܶԿռѷŷǷ׷
Ƿ֣뿪˹Ĳԫϱ֮õľûʲôˣǾ͸ǷˣֻҪܹÿռĵռѷôܳΪǵ谭
Сӣվס㲻˲ɣǰȥǶȲ㣡
ǿĵ۾׳ȳͼı⣺ץֲɱ㣬ʲôӣӾֻ·һ
ңң
װһʧӣצȴԼԿǿռѷǿԵúǻš
Ⱥ۾ǿٴαݼƭˡ
ҽץס
һռĵĵ۾꣬а⣬һҪԣȳ֮һۣȴǱǰˡ
˲Ƶԣȴôֻ˲Ƴһľ룿
ǿռѹƣԽǿռѷ죬ռѹƵԽʩչռĵЧԽ࣡
˿ˣһ䣺콫ץסٿһЩĻǶܲ
а˵ͷ֪ԼжҪ죡
һٴοһ룬һֿһ롭
ܿȻ֣ʩչռĽ˲ƵľԽԽ̣ȻѾʼ޷ˣ
ұ
һĨ֮ɫһöļƷҩȥöҩЧ˲ȫռǿ
һ̣ٴһԣȻȴ֣λãռѷѾѾռĳѹơ
ڿռѷ츽пռĶ޷ãҲ˵ǵ۾ǿߣҪӳռѷҲûȫˡ
˶ûа취ߡ
Լٶ׷ȴ֪ȫֻյļƲ߰ˡ
ˣȷ㻹ÿ
ۿԼߣʱ΢̣һһСž⣬Լڡ
˲ֵסԿռѷĿֲ
ΪзκοռĵռѷȻҲڿռĵһУܽеҩȫߵġ
֮յ룬ȻռѷЩ۾ǿߣԼܵķ


840 ̤Ϲ;
˾Уԭռѷ˲ͣɶʼطɡ
ţĹŲӰûĹŲӰϵ۾⣬һ˲˺
ʼطȥȻͣʩչĹŲӰ;⣬ķǳֲȴܹռѷ
ͬʱһηľ򣬽е۾ǿڣȫ޷ÿռѡ
˲һ룬ǶõڵЩ۾ǿߣһѾ㹻ǿĿռѷյĻ˸룬Ƕʱˡ
õ۾ǿߣȻֿ˿ռѷȫſռѷ챻ȥ
Ȼʵǿ±ȥٶȲ죬žռѷԽǱȥٶҲԽԽ졣
˷Ķľⷢ뽫ֱӺɱǵľ
Ȼȴķ֣طͷųͨ似Ȼᱻռѷȥ޷ϣ
˭뵽ֶΣ
̫۹ʣµʮ۾ǿߣױһѣ
ȻҲܣĻҪʩչռѷΧҪʣ޾ȫġ
ȥڱȽΣյ״̬û޾岹ĵĻ֮ǰԻܵĻʾǿ߶޷Ը
Ȼ֮ûκѡΨþռĵԣط
ռѷԶȥٶԽԽ졣
ʮ۾ǿߣȫռѷԽԽȥʱ˿̣ѾӰ첻ˣһʼʩչռģͼ˲뿪ȴ֣ǵĿռ˽¾Ȼü޷뿪ռѷΧˡ
ص˲ԫϱڸͷһۣպüȺ۾ȫռѷɣֱʧ
ھУŹͨ룬ʱǰĹͨУһʮ۾ǿߣ۾ǿߵʵǺǿȫǵ۾ں͵۾ڡ
һˣų˾ͽ²˾޵۹л֮ǳˣҲ˾ͽĸף˾ͽգ
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ʮ˸򣬶޵۹ĵ۾ǿߣܹҲʮһˣ
޵۹ĵ۾ǿԭɻҪסֳʮ˸ӴܣǸɫ΢䡣
ͷжŹκһ
޵۹࣬һ뷢԰׵ɭȻʱвٵ۾ǿҲֳ˾ȻҲʮ۾ǿߣֱÿ׷ȥ
Щ۾ǿߣڲԫϱ֮׷ɱ׷ɱͬʱõֿռѷ޷ʹȫҪԸһȴ׾ٵġ
ֻϧǵóѣ
ıٶȻصһ˵ĹͨУоһϮ뷢԰׵ɭȻ׷ɱ

һҧֱ۸ĻĹŲӰ׷׳ʩչȻԵ۾ڵǿߣһʱ䶼ֲס
ֻܷɿ޾壬ĵɿۻĹŲӰʩչɭȻ׷ߵ׷ɱ
ھУԷǲֱ˲ƵԱߣͻȻһ˲ͨ
֣ɣʩչκֶζȲһ磡
˲ȼɫ棬Χǵֵ棬ػס
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ڳı£ڻص˵ãٶȳǰУͬʱٴδ߶ľԷֹǵ۾ڵÿռԽá
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뷢԰׵ɭȻߣ¶һḬ֮̃ɫԼٶ׷ͬʱٴһ棬ҪͨĨɱ
Ȼǵ˲ӵõʱһ׹˸ػӡ·Ȼһ۾ǿߵȫһΣ
ǵ۾˲ɫô£
ѵ˵Сܲٿеػ󲻳ɣ
ƺ˼һȻ׷̤뵽˵֮УȻһ׹ֱӽǵ۾֣
ûκεֿǵ۾ֱӱ׹⳹ȻȴһӸܵ˲ԾģԲߵı壡
Ȼһ̣ɭȻӰ˵ú󷽣¶ЦȻոֻķ
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Ҵ⣬ֱӡ˵õػ󣬹ȻǼһһͷעȴȻͨá
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޾Ĺˣ´λǵöϣšһöŹãҪ޾岻ĻӦú˺ú棬ֻϧȥĻ»ὫԼ
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ڣЩˣȴδţǵһЦ漴һӡ˲߶ԶĴѷ졣
һ͹˲伲סֻʱ佫ˣ
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ǣԶ޷뿪
޵۹Щ۾ǿ߼ӡȻԶѷһߣʱܵ˲
СӣȻСкķӡһֱڰǵˣ
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ϵӡѷ죬Ϥ·£ܻصڣ


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Щˣֻܶ˵Ǹˣ治ǹģҲֻѸ뿪ȻϹżգ
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ǴǺԱߣʮޣоȻһЩ۾ǿߡ
Ҫ뿪ףȴҲû취Ԥ֮УϹżҪ˵ûųھԲܡ
е۾ǿŵĻطӶɲȥʩչӰ֮αװССӹЩ۾ǿߵ̽顣
һ߶Ӱ֮飬ֱαװһ磬˵αװһĿ
Ӱ֮黹ʲôαװ£Ŀ˵һ磬ᱻЩ۾ǿע⵽
Ҳǵһγαװɷ磬ȴķֺܳɹܹɿ
£Ӱ֮飬ǻӰʵı۾ǿ߷֣ҪϢ뿪Ψƾ谵Ӱ֮αװˡ
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һʱЩȣԭֻܵõöԴʯͲˣڣȻָ֮һ棡
ʮ޳Ѩڽе޳Ѩȫǽ𡣡
Ц˵ܹջԴʯʮöʦԸöġܹǧöһľ壬㽫õһǧİöʣµľ޾ˣͨ޾öõö⾧Ҳʮö㽫õöʾε⾧壬ֵܼպռ⾧֮һ
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ľ壬һǧİö㹻ȫˣġĺͺЩԴģǿʵ
Ľһ޸Ҫһöľ壬ڻԶûҪľȫš


845 һ
Դʯľ֮⣬˴˴ν޳Ѩж˳ͷΪޣܹõö޾塣
Щͨ޾ûʲôãָֻܻĵǿռԶ˵ûʲôá
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ЦһЦ֣㺰һʾڵŮ
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ϾύύϵĽ޳ѨļƻĽ߲ɻΪһ̸
ˣջ񼫶࣬ȥҪܳһʱбչˣպþǿԻһʱ䣬ʱڣӦÿڣҹһڵΪ׼ǿĳƺš
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һǳߣҪ֪ڱѩʳ֮ǰǾֻ̤ǰһѾڱѩʳԶɴ˿ɼһߡ
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֮緶Χڣ¶ҲûзùĵҩˣĳЩļƷҩ
ϹżƷҩ˵жûУΪֵֶ̫ˣҲ˵ʦƳġ
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ܹǧöһľ壬Ҫǧۻ֣ĳۻȫ涼
˼һֻܻһǧۻֺͰǧ˻֣ǧöһľһõǶ˵Ǿ˻ֶһľʸģ۵״ݿɲǳصġ
һֵõǧöһľ壬ȻϾֻʣۻ֣Լǧ˻֣һӳ
Ȼֻڸղŵ˵ѰȵĻʣЩƸȻġ
һľľٶ˳Щѽ⣬ȻҪһҲʲô


846 ߸ӡ
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޹ŵ·֮С̽һΧߣټ޹ŵǿǵ۾ǿ޷ڡ
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ʮʾޣǴӰӰ֮ռз˳˶ķӡ
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Ȼʮ޵ķӡռ䣬ͷӡͷ޵Ŀռ䲢ͬһռ䣬ҪȻʮ˼ǽ˷ӡᱻͷ˺ɷ顣
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š
ϹżƷʥϹżƷĹ˳öκһöǲħĳҩʹУҲǿðˡ


847 ҩ
պʥ͹񵤣ȻĿɨһɨʣµľʮöҩرöҩرŨģԽ̫żĵҩ
ʹǰʣµĵҩЩʲôҩΪҽһ𣿡
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ʮǫ˵
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ʹаһƻ䣺磬̫żҩѾǷǳĵҩˣһЩţҲֻܵõ̫żĵҩ
Խ̫żĵҩ޾ҩֵҩѾ֮ǰĵҩȫͬ޾ҩս似һܴص㡪̺ģ
򵥵˵ͬһö޾ҩͬ˷õЧȫͬпر˷һö޾ҩֻ緽Բе˷ãȴ﷽ԲҩЧΣͺܶйأڷһöҩ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪Ч
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һʱ䣬ԼҪʾҲʮɵģһ޷μǿˡ


848 ຣҩ
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΢΢һЦ粻ǺܸߣһֻͨƳ켶ҩຣҩĻпƳļϹżҩģֻǳɹʲܸ߾ˣ˵ܡ
ԼȻûôʱȥģ˵Ҫຣҩ໥ϣҪµĽƵҩôʱ䣿
ǻᣬͨҲû̫顣
뵽۶רһΪ֪ǿ߲ҲûʲôֻҪл˾ˡ
̾;ˣຣҩ֣ΪԼߵϯʦ
С˵ڶڽع񣬷ַеһöҺɫ
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ţǼڤơݸʹȻʹǰڤƣҽϦ裬Ӧͦʺġ
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αװ΢磬ûκܹټϢĽ˳ڣȴպüĸڹ֣ҸպһЩ鷳
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ŮӴˣһǱ̨û˵ǾǣһĸȻֻһڣȫֻͨؾʲôˮ½ڵǾ
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ǿ֮󣬻ǿʾıԣǽеġ
ǿıԣǿʾıûôʣΪһֻʱ䣬ǿʾǰʮġ
Ȼ̤˻ʾƾʵһҪ̤ǿʾǰһٶѣ˵ǰʮˡ
ȻʾǻʾʾǰҲһǿôš
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֣һȣһȥһڵ꣬£һȻûκεľʧ롣

Χ˲˾Ȼʱˣ
ո߿׼ӰɫʱüΪ裬ԭֻȻûܷͶһԣʵ̫ˡ
˵̽ͨͽΧȺ̽ˣиûĴڡ
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İΣ˪Ůˣû˿ģһʾڵ֣пĶ֣
˪㺶Ѿ֪ȥѩʳʱ򣬶նɱʾڵǿˣ֣ĻʾЩ⣬ҲĶ֡


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֣ҲѰĻʾڣǶĳЩʾǿߣ֣ܹһҵὫԷɱǿߣڵСܶԿġ
ŰɣȻվŮǰǱ֣ǺˣԼսУСǳ۵״ҲûðԼսбɱ۶ûɳͷ֣
ٺ٣Ƕˣ˭֪־ǳܵģ˵˵󻰣ó״ѹˣ֣ŹŮأ
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Χ˶һĻˣ


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濿ųУȻ׼ȴǶڵʵеȡ
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ʵ̷͵˶֪飬ȫ̫۹һֲ߻ģ̫۹Ϊʮ֮һ൱鷳һصʱڸ㲻ġ
ۻἴʼ˿ɲоԸ̫۹
ȻĻǾͰѷΧСֻҪ֮˵ļȫҲǸ˸β
ڣ춼ҪԼȥв£̫۹ϲ϶鴦ƯƯǸ̫۹ġ
վһԣ̷͵촦飬ò˵λʦֵֶʶˡ
ʵǿʮǡ
ƾ飬Ҫڻ̫۹̫֣Ҫֳۺʥǵϣô϶Ҫһˡ
ˣ׳ƵļƷڻҡ
ھڣ׼ʦһϵڻң󣬾˶ô鷳϶Ƿǳģڣ̫
УҲϵһϵĨɱҲкôʵϾҪǵȫֻŵ⡣
̷ͷ
Ҳø۵ͷ
۵ͷ˭˵ʲôҪ̷ͷͲһˡ
ڵ̫۹ĴҲһģ̷һ仰̫ۻĨɱ۹һ壬̫ۻϺڣ
´ģΨۣ
̷͵Ҳ֪һ㣬˵Ļȫˣ˸ľں̫۹
֮ڣں̫۹ͻᴫϢžʧ
ţ̷͵ԴµĴѾ൱λˣǵ˸أɼǻ۾Բ͡
ɲڴˡ
ں̫۹ǳˣл
пģټҡ塢ˮ½ʣ
ɲÿʱÿ̶˵ţ˵ֶΣ˭һֱ׷ɱ
ԣһݵĽ£
̫۹;뿪֮վ˳ܣȽĿͶټ֮ڵķһټҼٳ
ոٳټ֮˳֣˪ŮȻǸܵˣ
ϼһĲ˪ȥס
ΪϴԼټһУѾôƣȴû뵽ٳڤ粻顣
ļһúôһˣ
ٳ
ٳҿں֡
ٳһ
ڵٳﻹҸ˪˶˵ʲôͲøϽ뿪ոǶ̶ʱڷ飬ˣ
նɱף
ʦǣնɱʮ۾ڵǿߣ
ٳû𺳳зӦأ͵㵽֣ܲһ
ڡڡ
ٳæĵͷȻƾԸ񣬿϶ΪͷΪ̷͵ڡ
̷͵֣ٳѾڹڵЬˡ
Լսٳսʱ䣬Ͷۻ֮Ҳң
˫ֱٳĳʵ
ٳǵ۾ڵΪڵ۾Ǻһ࣬ټʥǲֻһС塣
ô˵Ҳһ۾ڰѾЩݵ
ӵĵ۾ǿߣԱڵ׶Ҫǿ࣬һУܴﵽ׸ոֽɫг
ڣȻԼսһ۾ڵǿߣٳ
ٳ˶סˣû뵽ȻҶԼԼսսȻʱһۻ֮󣬵ǣһʱ䣬ж
̤ʾ˰ɣ
ʱΧ˶Цˣȫʵ̫ԴˣȻս۾ǿߣѵ֪͵۾֮Ĳж
ȻǣٳȻûдӦ
ˣ
οԼһελϣٳڶĹԳˡ
Լսһ˼СǳСͳԼսһսװɣ
⻰һΧʱ˶ˡ
ټҼǶˣ
ȻԼսҽܣ
Ǻǣžܾ
һЦҪԼսʤңұ֤ʦֲ鷳һһңΪע㿴Σ
һң
ٳ⻰ʱü
˵ʵǶΪɵӶ̫ҴӦԼսɵҲǺǿңֻϰԵĲȥðհˡ
û¡
ڣȻһҵĶעӦԼս
һңʲô
ٳһҵĻȫѸ磬̤۾ڰ
һ˲䣬ٳɫͱˣڴ̰
Ȼ˼֣ҾʹӦԼսˡ
ٳ仰ʱܵΧһȺ˵ټҼ˳ֲټô궼ûܷչ


861 
˪ŮһֱվԱߣû˵
ٳӦԼսʱٳʧˣ޳֮ˣȻΪһҾʹӦҪԼսʵǶ
оޣٳ޳ʾٳȴԴһӶһҡ
ںԼսٳԼʤߴųɣ
һ˶Ӱԣ򣬺ٺһЦСߣû뵽ôţھ͸Լս۾ǿߣ
ʦֲոһĸ
һЦ
ֵٷٺһЦȻԴҲͦԺģһ䲻һ䣺ĸˣܵסĸĹ㾹ҲܵôãЦ
ٷһֱ·ʱҲ⡣
е黹û꣬˾ֶˡ
һûȥˣתȥһߡ
塣
һ˹ļ٣۾ڵǿߣȻۣ֪ҲǺ֮ǵġ
ٸռʶ̷͵˵Ĳбұֳʹ
æЦǺǵ츳ɱҶҲҶԼ۲ʶ̩ɽˣ
æĽ˵ǳҪʾԼʹ
ôţ
Ҫ֪ɱĿǴ˵ĶӰ
⹫֣иһЩСԽҲý˸ס˲С
٣ڸһĻᣬҲûҪαˡ
΢ֱ̣˵Լսսʱ͸ոһۻ֮Ҳҽܣ
⻰һΧ˶ʱ˶ֿ٣Щš
ոԼսһ۾ڵٳھȻֳҪԼս۾ڵĹ٣
壬ʥжǲˣһ۾ڵļһԴ˵൱ḻˣʵȻӹɣʵʵĵ۾ǿߣ
˵֮ǰ׵Ľɫ湥ƣǿﵽ۾ڵĻôԹĵ۾ǿߣǾû˿Ķ
˵Լսʱ䶨һ֮󣬵ǡһޣһʱʲô磿
أﵽʾڣѾ޶ȵĹˣʥļ¼ˣ
ڵڵʵնɱʾڵס֣
ôԼ̤ʾڵʱӦܶԸʾڵĴڣѰĵ۾ƾУҲܶԸ˵۾ڵǿߣ
ʣڳ˶ãսǷˣˣ
̷͵ĸʦ֣ЩһۣǶЩԼսͦȤġ
ȻԼս׾ͿԿҪûаյĻԼսôʲôأ
ʲộһڴﵽԿ۾ǿߵĳ̶ȣ
ŹٷԼսʱ򣬹ٱ˶һ㶣û뵽ȻҶԼԼսһһսʱ仹ۻ֮󡭡
СӣԼ
ٲǴǺһЦ˵ЦˣԼսʲôģʺ֮ɣοԼսټҵļٳУǵԼսʲô壿
ֻҪӦԼսôԼսֻҪܻţһҷϣ
˿ĶԷӦ˦ջ
ҺܻɣŪôң
ٲδͷۻ۾ʵ
ҾУ㲻ҵĻҵʦǰɣ
΢΢һЦ
Ϊʦܵ
̷ޱ˵˵һڣʮҶõó
Ǻá
ɫһҹٴӦԼսսϣܴټҼлʧˣ
ġ
˵
ʱ򣬸ոմӦԼսټҼٳԵЩˣû뵽ȻԼս˹ļ
ǿǵ۾ڵǿ߰
ټ֮ڹңΪʵͬ޴󣬹ٴٳģһ
ڣȻԼս٣ûбʤİգʱҲǿԺ͹ٿġ
ţ
ΣٳЩ£һõ۾ǿߣȻẦһڵСӡ
ǲɶֹľΪΪʵ̫ˣŵԻɣ
ѵʲôǿ̲ɣ
ӦˣôС
ֽĿתһߣˮ½ڷˮ½ڵĿ꣬¶һĨЦ
Цݣˮ½ڵĿпһ£µһܡ
СӣòԼսԼ˰ɣ
漴ҡҡͷԼҲ̫־ˣҪ֪ǵ۾ڵǿߣˮ½ܳΪ֣ʦٳܹ֮Ტ۵ģ
ǿߣȻȲ׵ʦǲΣԸļһһ־һ
ԼսٶѾǼˣôܻԼս
סˡ
ˮ½λž޽ģȫɢɱĴ壬ʲô֣
Цų˵ˣɱĵӣǲ˼ʲô֣Լս㣬ԼսɴӦ
⻰һȫ˲䱬ը

ȻԼսˮ½λ۾ڵǿڣ
ӣһѾ޽ȫɱȻʱһ⻰ȴһͣţĶԼս
Ҫ֣𣬵δķʽ
Լ
ڣȻս۾ڵǿߣҪ֪ģһƶһ򰡣
ڣȻԼսԼս
ҽм껿գˮ½ʮ˳֮һ
ǿ겻м˵ԼսǷǰһһۻ֮󣿡

ͷ˵
ǣֻ˵ۻ֮ȴû˵ۻ֮á
껿Цһ֪츳ѵҪʮ̤꣬۾սҲɣôʱ䣬ˡҼ껿յȲ𣡡
һﵹͦ
ǰһȴЦһЦĺˣۻ֮֮ڣǵԼսͻῪʼ
һεۻ᣿
껿ղĵʵ
һεۻᣬһ֮һΡ
ܿ϶˵
Ҽ껿սԼսϣܻԼսʱ򡣡
껿ճȷ֮󣬹һЦת뿪ӵĳеñˣǽһ֮Ȼǳġ
ȫûۻ֮ӵжԸԼʵΪ˫Ĳʵ̫ˣʱ䣬ֻһ꣡
һУȻкܴ껿վͲˣ
ÿ˵ʵڲ껿Ϊ۾ǿߣ˵ʲôʱ̤۾۷壬һˡ
һӲǼ껿յĶ֡
ۿԼս껿վȻӦˣ˶ˣһξ̷͵˶ŵˡ
Լս껿գ۾ǿߣ
ˣ̷ԳֶԸҪʱܽһ֮󣬾ܴﵽս껿յĳ̶
Сӣǲǹ˵㣿


862 
ȫ֮˶ľٶˣ̷͵ʦ֣һ׵⽹ۡ
ԼսټҼ۾ǿٳ
ԼսҼ۾ǿ߹٣
Լսˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һ۾ǿ߼껿գ
Լս˴ĸһһǿң껿ղмȥ֮˶Щ룬òỹҪԼսɣ
õǣΧһȦƺûҵʲôԼսĶ֣ûмԼսˡ
һϷĻȴδƽʼʱˡ
ոյΪѾ˼Ϊˣնɱ֣䲻ɱף󻹶һ۾ɱֵİɱ
Լսʱȫȫ˿ʼڴۻĵ
ۻ֮ǰǿıԣԼǿʾıԣۻᡣڳ˶ۻΪڴڣȴڴۻ֮Լս
δɢȥ
һսҲڿʼȥ״ڹǰչԼʵ˶Դ˽ֵ
ʣڵΪնɱףʵһָġ
һ֮δ̤ʾĻôǿеǰĪˣ֮ԲȷһΪʿ
˭Ҳ֪ðţѹһͷ
һֱ˲²ǿĵһ˭һ㶼˲¶ԣΪǿ̫ˡ
ӣû°ɣ
˪Ůæ˹鿴ûʲôġ
һû£İɡ
ЦһЦȻǸûȥˡ
š
˪ۣڽ֮ǰҲδǿƣȻۻý̤˵ʮ㣬绹̫ˡ
ȻΣ
һ׺ɱʣ
磬̫ţˣ
СɺͷƷҲ˹ڵսҲǼΪ𾪣ǺĲԽԽԶ˰
СɺͷƷȴδΪһʼ㣬ұСɺͷƷ忴ż
ⶼҪʵĻΪʶ
濺ͶһҲȴû˵ʲô
ıʵ̫ˣ濸оԼƺԶҲ޷׷ˣвһ־ɥȴҲǺأϾڴˣڸʥǵʱѾ׼ˡ

˻صʥ֮
̷͵Ҳţ൱Уص֮˵αĿġ

Щ졣
˵ʦֵ͸ø׼ˣϵ죬Ϊ˵һҪЩʲô
̷ˬһЦԣǼһһľ㣬ƺҪⶫ
ͦҪġ
Цŵ˵ͷǧʮöһľ壬˵ȥֱţ˵ȴ
뽫ٴ޸Ϊ̫żսţҪһöľ壡
Զľ壬Ƕƣ߲ܵġ
̷óľ͸ȻܾϾԷʦ֣ò׼˼ܾǲӰ
ܹǧö
̷Ц˵֮ǰڵС꣬ÿ˶еľ弸ɨˣ˵һͻ˸յõһľ壬֪û׼
ǧöôࣿ
׼һֱ˰ǧöһľ壿ܹҪʮ޳Ѩܵõľ
࣬ʵϣһ׼ģһ׼һǧöˡ
̷Цʦһģϧôûȥչˡ
ڻ֪ʦʲô֣
Щ档
ӵĽ㡣
̷˵

һʱˣٷ磿ܣȻ˳۵״ӣ𾪣
֮ǰ֪֪˾ͱһ
˭Ϣһһģ
̷һЦ
ţ̷ǧöԵһľһռָսУȻݸ
лʦǡ
̲סЩ
ڷǳˣľ廹Դһöû뵽̷һ˴һǧöȻǧö
ǧöоǧöľˣһöһ㣡
˵ܽ޸Ϊ̫żƷսսͳľԷˣǵ۾ǿȫ֣ܽ飡
Ȼֻһʱ֮Ժ顣
Ҫӵǿ߶Ȼһֻʩչΰˡ
û˾ķ޷ֵ۾ǿߵĲϹġ
Ҫллʦǡ
̷΢΢һЦ
š
˵ͷ뵽ĺδıʦ㣬ǧöľУҲǵһݡ
Ҫ´Σʦµ״ӣʱҲðæһˣ
̷Ц
û⡣
۾
ȻƸ࣬ȴӵѰ˶ûıϰöҩһö޼֮
ԼʦܻʦõĻͳһöҩҲûʲô˵ġ
ú׼ɣǿԻһʱ䣬ͻƵʾҲѹţҪͻƣȻ㽫ʧһᡣ
̷Ķ˵
֮ǰʹ鵽Ķ̲סʳʦ֣ԴҵţʣǷһߴ֮һ
õǿһʸһ𣬽λڵߴ֮һǾǰС֧̺żǿ֮пԿǿ磬ǸõĻᡣ
֪žŵʲôز
̷ôʣȴ΢΢üͷȻ˵ȥδõ̫ôЩ̫ǿˣгԽ̫żս似ҩޣͲǵĶ֣ߴУԴˣ棬ֻõЩˣҵʵҲǳˣ֪ЩžһУúεǿ󡭡
޾
۾
޾սпܱΪֲ޾ģ
ּĶ۶û̫࣬һ޾սҲѾˣҪȫ޸ңңڡ
޾似͸ѵˣ۶ֻѧһУɼ޾Ŀֲ
ЩţȻӵ޾ս似ɼЩŵıԲھ۵ȫʢʱڰ
һֱһ̶ž۵ĴУ˳˳ˮûʲô̫в
ЩţͲһˡ
ۣ
ЩǿߣţиУ
Ȼ䣬෴ԽǿĶ֣ԽȤȥսţΣ
֪ںδ
뵽ǸɴŮӣԽԽ֪Ů˭ʲôϵ
ȵŵʱ򣬾ټ˰ɣ


863 չؼƻ
ȥֻȥһ˱ѩʳִ˲֡ܰŮ
ʦģ⻹мԭׯ԰Ůӣæ֡
ܰϹżƷս߳ѸѸôƾսҲǿıռһϯ֮ء
һϹżƷսսꪣǸ˷СɣΪСɱͺͿսϣȽʺս
ˣҲûôսˣֻ˱ʾԶʥڸһܵõȽ϶Դ
ֻ֮ڱչؿޣ鷨˵ٶҲϺܶ౶ׯ԰ʱ򲻿ͬն
ׯ԰ҪﶼǼ֮ϣֻҪ˹ܱ֮ȥǵжҪࡣ
֮ҪźЩΪȥҪΪһıչأǿԿʼ֮ǰκ˵ǰ
ٴγ֣һȫµ״̬ΪˣŻʥնɱףö֮չֳԼеֶΡΪһ꣬ǿԿʼʱֶȫøǿֶΣ
ڵʵ¶˴ţ˶ʵĲ²⡣

󣬾ں̫۹洫֮ǰ¼Ĵ𸴡
ʦһϵΥ۶µĹʥͼɱˣԾڽһϵܹʣµʮȫڷϳĳͷʮˣ˳ϯ״ӣ̷̷ΪΡ
̷ɷ˵Ľʮ˸ˡ
̫۹Ǳ߾ͼ򵥵öˡ
Ƕڵļ壬ڲ˴¼̫ۻʶԴ˱ʾŭųնǼ֮ڣŮŮܹһǧˣȫɱ
ɱ¾ֵļɱЩĲ̣磬Ϊ硣
ǶоΪ˸𣬽Լ帲𣬼ΪɱҪ׵ĻȴҲֲϾҲܺߡ
ף̫۹ڵȨߣȥ޵۹Ϲżץ̫۹ʧء
⶷еļ壬ֻ̫۹߲óƷˡ
Ϣ֮ټ֮ǰԼսٳ١껿ǿߣʥʱ˻Ȥˡ
ͬģһϵʥУҲٻܱ˵꣬ΪһЩˣпܾͻӶ̷ˡ
׵Ľѵ㹻ЩԸ
ԼڵõϢ֮󣬾̤·;׼ٴǰʹæԼˡ
ȥҪ㡣
һȻҪȷõö񵤣Խ似Ȼ߷ҩЧӶ°빦
ڶô˶һͨҩϻʾε⾧壬׼һڣɹǾܽŵԲҽ֮뵽磬ʹеԴ֮
Σ֮ܽǰӡ޹ŵеͷޣȫУ޵۹ʮʾʥ԰ҲȫΪһ֡
ǷʮöϵҩЩҩȫ̫żϹżĳƷͼƷҩЧΪֲÿһöħЧҷֳ˰˴ԡЩҩ밵ӰĵϣܹﵽھżӶʼ
Ȼ֪ʹᴫʲôַԿ϶Ǿʵһ¥
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ǿԣôҪμӵģʣ࣬ʹطƿأ֮ǰֻǵһصľƿأͷ߲ܽΣս϶ӵӦ֡
ģǷöʮöͨӵҩʮöҩҲ̫żϹżĳƷƷҩҩЧΪֲͨӵҩƲģΪҲһԭϣԭϣֻ֮Դҵ
֮ԴеȻǲڵġ
ʮöҩȥָ߽ͨȫΪɾ֮󣬲һͨǿǿǿȣϾ޵磬ߴͨΪ֧ġ
Һ֮ǰһʮöҩеͿطƿء
ˣʣö޾ҩͲڷˣö޾ҩʾõģֱӳʾȥ
Ҫ֪޾ҩ
ҪѰεޣõ޾ҩû취գΪ̫ŨǿպܱܿӵУͲ⡣
ǰĸ꣬ǲ죬Ȼֻһ磬ۺʵȴʮֹ
ȥĵ裬ʹĸ£壡
̫żƷ似˵ãѾȹΣ壬ôǿȽﵽѰʾǿ߶Դﵽĳ̶ȡ
۷壬ӵлʾ۷ǿߵǿȣ⻰˵ȥ˾
֮ǰѾϹҩȫ֣ϣһ֮ͻƣຣҩϣĻƳٵҩ
ϹƵĵҩǿȽٴδﵽ޷ĵزܹƾͺɱһлʾεޡ
裬ͺϵľǧöľйˡ
ô콫޸̫żˣΪʱûǸҪ׼ȴѡǧöľ壬תӶԼġĺͺֱԴȫ
ʹ˵ĺĶȫĻһںʩչʹܹѽ̸ͦġ
ܹ棬Ҫڽȥһʱģʱǳȣ֪üЩ裬һ֮ǿһսĿ϶ǵһˡ
صʱȻֻ۷壬ȴܶԸٳѰ۾ǿߣΪյĴǳĴڣ˿ŵԽսϸҲ㲻϶ˡ
ڵĿ꣬磬Щˣ
֮ǰԼսٳ١껿գȫֻǵʯˣڣĿ겢ֻǿԵĵһ
ǿʾҲһԣ
ÿһǿ֮󣬾ǿʾıԣʱ䣬޾ҩ磬μǿʾԣڱϤڻʾǿߵ춨֮󣬿ٴ
ǿʾõһأ
΢̣û˻뵽ҰĻ֮


864 һ֮
һʱ䣬̡
һ֮УʥǷ飬Щ飬Ͷûʲôϵˣһ꣬伣ױչأ˪濵˶ûܼһ档
˾͸˵ˣ˶֪϶ڱչȡǿʢһˡ
ʵһʱڣܶ˶Ϊۻ׼ǻʾ۾ǿߣΪۻᣬΪÿʮһεĵ۾ǿߴۻᣡ
ۻ֮ǰǿǿʾԣǿθ˰ˣĶǿߣҲֻۻˣŵʢᡣ
ʹǿԿʼ֮ǰİ꣬Ͳи˴ʥǣЩӦǰμǿǿʾԼۻġ
죬ǿԿʼһ£ʱʥѾȫؾԼˡ
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չһ꣬һУʹϦǰ֮⣬ûκˣ֮˵ǡΪͻƵںͷ޺ʮ޵۹Ļʾʥ԰ս磬Ǽʮʾʥ԰ֻϧʮȫӡУΪĽ֮ṩߡ
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ںԼĳƺܾáճϡƺ൱İĿڣ֪ԸǺƽ͵ģֱ˾ͱ͡
ͬΪڵĹɽ޺ӭģҲȥˣϾԴ˵ĻǿɲҺƤȥãչ˵ׯ԰ˡ
޸ˣҲֱ˵һ䣬ȥĶһȥδԴǲ٣ô˵ġ
֮ǰϦ˽һŻȻֱȥǵŻһˣԵõôԴȻȲϰӰЩֵܼȴҲǧңǳˡ
ǸŻǿ߲ǸѰĻʾڣֱӱ͵Ϯնɱԣʣµͼ򵥵öˡ
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ԣһˡ
Ϧ赭˵һ
ʱ͸оκȷʵƶ£˲ԭ֮ϣԼҲƶˡ
˶Լʵģ֮ԶƣҪԷɱ
Ȼκ֮ǰüıɱ˷Ʒ壬ֶͬβΣһϦԲϵôҪɱϦ裬ֻˡ
һ˫ܵвʱ򣬽޷߶Ƶıϣͻˡ
ȻƱ£ǶܹܵԼڣսУ϶лȥռϷ硪ռϷĻαؼƣ
ɱ
˵Ƹո£κ̾ͶˣһѪ֮ɫϦΧĴ͸˳ϳڴӹ
ѪģȷǽǸϹżҵõ䴫ˡ
Ϧ۾ܣһ۾Ϳ˶ԷʩչֶΣʱеˣһʱʹҳʹ״ӣʹȻ˵ܶණ
Ѫģ֮һ
һֱԴģʼΪͰӰԣҪ򲢲򵥣ɼκ츳Ҳеġ
ѪģУֻΨһһϹżУǸϹż۵һģԼĴУؼա
Ƕκ֮ˣκʤ㶼ǳߣп̤ǿԵǰʮλֻϧϦ裡
Ϧ費ʵǿҪǣѪĻЩ˽ģܲҵģľѪĵһǣ
ѪͰӰԣ̺պñĿƵġ
ѪĳϦӹϦβȫγһϣһ򼲷ͻΧȥ
ҲʱһѪɫϦն
ϹżƷս
Ϧǰһһۿ˶ԷʩչֶΣһϹżƷսʩչϹżƷ似һѪɫ⣬Ϊֲ
κǴһнϦܵ˼ˣϾźԸˣڵȻǱ¶ԽԽá
ֻϧһ̳״ˣ


872 
κΪУȵȻҲߵˣϦϣһֱϦ趼ûʲôʵĵطΨһҪעǣһʱϦ趼ûгֹ
ˣ濡˪ˣʱʥУϦ裬ûС
κΪ˽ȻԼģȴû̫СϦ衣
һ֮ս
κǿһкȻ£֮ǰͷӳѪģοռĵãϦ޷һС
Ȼȴ֪ϦҪܡ
ڤƣຣɶ򣡡
Ϧһ̧֣һյİڤƱ㱻УյͷųһİڹâŨмΪۣ˲佫ȫ׺üΪɭ

̶һʱ䣬Ϧ边ȻڤϵĲΣӹͨٵսٶȾǷǳģںҲﵽĲΡ
̶һʱ䣬Ϧ边ȻڤϹżƷսʩչ˿ຣɶֶΣȫ˿ڤƵİƹ֮С
ԭȫѪȻʧ٣ϦĿڤڶֱӵס˶ԷһѪɫ⡣
˫ӲӲĽ
κ֪Ϧĵϸ¶ЦݣϦˣܿ죬ȴ͸˾֮ɫ
նƣ
ǿһ⣬Ȼնյڤս
ϹżƷ
κһӿˣϦյڤսгһϹżƷļ𣬲ˣϦƺѪЩơ
Ѫʽһʽ
κûж룬ֱӳϦٴλӳѪɫ⣬εһΪģĸϦϮ
κĵ似Ϊ񱩣ڿлž綾Ϊݣһˣ㲻ˣǳ鷳ںܹⶾ㲻Ҳɼˡ
Ѫ˵ĴУΪκǸˣ޷õĴС
ڤɢųĵİʣֱӽĵѪɫֵסȴоŵ˷Ϯ
Ѫʽеĵڶʽܹŵ⣬ÿһΪֲǶԸʾڵǿߣܹ䳹ѹס
ֻϧϦ費һˡ
κöԸζʱϱ任λ̫ż似֮裡
ʹڸһ̫ż似Ϊ״ӣʹϦһ㶼ģҪǣ֮似رʺϦ裬ʺ
Ͼ޵ģģϦȴֻģ
֮ʩչʱȫʼϦĻ󣬲Щ֪̽оȻһģһĻĹŲӰԷֱ档
£κɫʱһʲô似Ȼ˹죿
ԭϣܼȱͲߣϦʩչһֻ似κʱо൱֡
һдΧͨѾ˸߽ͨʱԥʩչѪ˲䳯Χɢȥռ䶼ֳһƬѪɫ
ƬѪɫ֮УѪĵ͸Եõ˼ǿƬѪɫմȾ֮󣬶ʱȫȾѪĵľ綾
Ҹʴɣ
κ¶һ˿ݣȴǴŴЦݣ˿оɭ
Ȼܿɵˡ
ƬѪŨƽʱʾڵĶ֣ܽԷֱӸʴȻڣЩѪŨȾϦЩ󣬾Ȼ˿ûã
ôֲ
κɫһ䣬ʼޱţмɵٵڵľ裬һķ֣ǰСѾͷԲöԸѶԸ
Ѫʽʽ
ʮ⳯ΧɢȥÿһⶼնһϦĻ
ȻȴϦЩһ̧֣ȻͬʱһյİڤƣЩȫֵס
Ȼһʧһʮٴγ˲ͬλãҳκϱƽ
֮裡
ȫϦÿһģÿһжһϹżƷս⻹ô
Ѫʽʽ
ʮѪɫϮȥȴȻֻùκɫԽԽϦԼƽϢ͸ڣһϵӰ
Ѫʽʽ
ʮѪɫȻֱԻأһʾǿĹҲֻ·һˡ
ǣȴȻκβôϦķ
κƼΪܿöģйսУֻһˣģ˿̶üͷϦô£
Ϧβ趯ʧϳ֣ÿһǼٵģÿһȴġָоĻĹŲӰ޽⣡
ʩչĹŲӰʱܹɵķֱ٣ڿϦս޷ܵ
Ϊֻȥۿȴ޷ܵϢԵʣ
ţʱϦĿ࿴СѾͷʵʵ⡣
ֻϦʩչһеʱ۾
һеȻϦдȻϤ֮һˣ˶Ϊһۻ似ֻ֪ʵһо񹥻似
֮裬ֻԺ趯ʵϣϦѸٳĿƽԷȴܲ
Էܹ͸ܵģȫǼٵģǱӰ쵽˾棬ԲŻϵ
һ̫֮żƷ似Ϊˣ֮裬ܹԻսˣԻеĹսߣЩս߲ԡ
ģ֪֮ܵĸȾûܿеıʡ
ʼϦдʱҲǲһ˵ʱ̲ƿ˾ϱʩӵļþơ
ڣκȻȲʵϣϦѾκκȴ˿ûвʩչѪ񵶵ĵʽϹЩϳֵϦȴ֪ЩʵڣȫԺлġ
ԣ
Ϧ迿κʮɷΧ֮ڣκûܲٿĻԷ
ϦֹͣǰУֱʩչԼɱС
߽ͨԣ
һƾղκ˶ڣȴȵֲԵʱѾڡ
֮˲䱬
κ˵塢Ƥ⡢Ѫһ˲䱻ĸʴή˶·һ˸ɣͻûκ׼
ʱ̣ɴ۾Ҫʩչ׼ԸֶΣȴԼѾġ綼ҲѾûκ
ȫ£ڻŵֻʶ
ȻʣµʶҲܿ챻Եû˳ʧȥ


873 
ԣϦĸ߽ܹͨʴԷڣȴҪ׼ʱ䣬һºЧϦ֮似ԷԻסĻһоͷǳˡ
κôû뵽ԼģڣʱѾˣѾϣ
κεһƬĲԭУϦ貢δ׷ŹֱǰһʩչĹͨκʬ帯ʴһ㶼ûʣ¡
ţҵԼƣȻƲŽ˻
κˣǲҰܣ֪Լôܵģ
Ķ֪ô£˵޵۹ЩˣڴκϦնɱ˾ͽǧŮԼ޵۹ӵˣһȫڵ
ˣ
ôܣ
κӵϹżƷսϹżƷ似ģôܾˣң״Ȼң򶼲֪
ǣδϦʩչʲôֶΣֻ֮ڳĻ󣬲趯ųκƽһκ˾һɱ١
ϦֶΣ˺ɱ֮У
޵۹ɫȫ÷ǳѿκȻɱһѣƷ壬ȴҲϦɵֲϦĶκսΪ޿֡
ʵڿս֮ǰ˫ԼţֻϧϦʵʵģʹѾµǰˣ
ڣʹѪĵʲôȫһκԼΪĶϦ費мһ˵Ķ
ѪǺǿȫĿƣӲԭһټϦֶμΪ⣬κûκη
ˡ
˾ͽɫòҰףû뵽ߵϦ边ȻҲô˵ϦҪǶĻҲԽֱնɱˣ
˾ͽϲκĶ֣ҶϦֶҲǺͷҪϦ裬ֻ·һֱ䡭
̫ģǻвٵƣȻ򲻹ϦҪˣǺʤģƷ֡
޵۹ǿЦһЦ߹˾ͽ§˻Уο˵
ԡ
˾ͽֻȥˣϦĻֱȨҪˣһս֮ġֻǣμӵһǿԵľжʮˣȥٺǶϵĿ΢΢
νʵǰӦöûʲô⡣
޵۹˵ȴһĨϧ֮ɫϧģȻǸոϦеκˣκˣֻϦ裬ҲԿʤһһ֣ճΪǿԵǰʮ
ֻϧûκѾˣô޵۹˵ʧȥսҪǿȡΣͱ÷ǳˡ

ڵͥԺС
Ϧõ˵һ»ӭĽ˶û뵽ģȻ֮⣬֪Ϧֶεģ֪Ϧûжóȫʵ
ԣֻϦʩչĸ߽֮ͨһʵͨУѾдﵽ˸߽ͨ
Ϧʵһǰ
ȻڵȣǶ֣ܴ󣬵ⲢϦþɥΪһֱܳʵжǿϦж顣
Ϧ֮ʱൽ˷Ʒ˵һʱ֮ˡ
ҲʱѩڴһϢǴŷƷһġһʱʱ䣬ƷȻȫָˣǿȻ֮ǰǿһ
˶о𾪣
˶˵ƷȫָֻΪ˰ģȴû뵽˵ĻȻģƷİ˺;綾״ָ̬øǿˡ
硣
Ʒ屻ѩ˹ϴЩΣ̫ˡ
ⲻĴǸκڸոѾСɵˡ
ЦЦ˵룬Ҫ޵۹Ǳ֪û»ɣһֽ棬ʤˡ
Ǿͺá
Ʒ֣ص˵ͷ
жԼʵ൱һҪˣΨڲӵиǿ
ĻҪøǿֻΪһˣƷԴЩܽܣ֮ǰׯ԰ѹţҷ뿪һս֮ȴ¶˾ġ
ܿ죬ƷȫָμǿԵĵһ֡
ԼʱǿԴѡͣģǿԳʱ䣬ͣΣÿγʱ
Ʒ˵ʱʶͣˣڼûг鵽ı
ָƣȡͣʱռ̾͸һ֣һͨޣڻֻǵһսڵ޻Ǹʽϴġ
һ֣ڵ޻϶̭ˡ
ʱ޵۹Ǳ߲˶ʼսǲͣǱ˵֣뿴˵սΡ
иʶ˷Ʒ壬ȻŲмЦҡҡͷ뵽Ѿκɱ˵ġ
Ƶı»ɱ֣κʵǿ˷ָֻϧǱ˸ɵˡ
͵ôʱ򣬾ǰͻȻֳһУպǷƷʩչֶͨΣһڵ޻ܣӶʤ
޵۹һΪԼۻˣϸһǷƷ壡
û
̺޵۹˵ע
޵۹ӡ˾ͽǧĵ˷׷˹ʱĿɿڴκ˲˿ֲѪķƷ壬Ȼû
޵۹˿һĻÿһ㺮˪

ȥսûôʲôˡ
ҲٴսһɻʤһнֵƴˣԷֱ֮䣬̤ڶ֡
֮ǿԵĵһֽߣȫһʤҴʤ̤˵ڶ֡
ʾӵһ̤ڶֵޣܹʮˣʮˣڵһб̭ϡ
ĳǩսϻǺܹƽģ̭ҲֻܹԼʵ㣬ûоԼá
ſʼڶ֣ڶֵı򣬺͵һһģһģһÿ˵ĶֶҪǿ˲٣ǿ˵ڶȻ׾٣Ϧˣֱʤ
ڶֱԽʱ䣬ǵ֣һʱ䡣
Ϧˣ˳̤֣
ͳƣֵ̤ܹǧˣʣµȫڱȽʵˣߣѾ˱ˢˣƷ壬ߺɽɴȵȡ
ֻǰһôýģҪȻѩʳľҲڽһʹôá


874 ֻǿʼ
ǿ˵֣ʣǧˣʱ˵ʵֳˡ
˸ո̤ڵһЩ֮⣬˵֣رϦ衢ɡĦի졢濡šˣַǳɫʵѾԶѰޡ
ԴȻΪϲȻΪѣһֱ޷Ļô˫ԽԽտ»ͬİ·
ڣȻ׷ĽŲôԶԶĿжȻҲֻڵΪǿ϶Ķ֡
⼸֣ǱȽҵ֣Ϊֱֶӷսǳ״ӵıעʵ̫ˡ
վ˵øսϾÿÿһֻһȨĻᣬҪѾûȨĻᣬôֻӲͷƤˣֱӱܣһжӲ¡
һ·ңԸͬһ˴δڶУ
ָտʼԵ濺Ȼǰһŵ˭ȻջʳĶŮ
ջʳĶŮ
һʱЩϲջʳȥһˣӰ˱𣬵ƻδʵʩ
ڣ濱ŵ˺ջʳĶŮսȻ˸ˣջʳ֮ǰŰһŰջʳˣ
ջʳĶŮ츳൱ڵΪֻһ̤ʾˣӲѹΪ׼μǿԡ
ŵΪֵʱ˶˻ˡ
濺һջʳĴ֮һջʳĶŮУ濵ʵһֱôѰޱ϶޷Ტ۵ġ
Ҫ֪ջʳĶŮӣԼӣһ̽ջʳڵһϹżϹżδ̽ϣһֱջʰѳš
ϹżУջһഫ˲Ϲż似
Ϲż似
ջʳŮֻǿһЩĶ֣ûзϣֱӳսȻջʵ˵ע⡣
ջʳμǿԵУŮǿһαӣ˶Ѿ̤˵֣ʵ൱
Ů濣ջʵ˶ûôģŶŮʵ
ȻܿǾɵˡ
濵ĸֶͨǰŮȻм֮б㱻ֱӻܣȲѴ߶Ʊ˳
ջʡӡӭȥæѯ
Ǹ濣˱ԴͨȫǸ߽ͨˣҲĶ֡
Ů˵
Դ
ߴ߽ͨ
˶ʱ߼ȷǱȶŮǿ̫ˣԴͨŬ츳򵽵ģΪõһЩ
ԴģǴõģ
ȥ֮󣬰޿ϸһһЩķ֡
ջʴӳ˵Ҳõ˵ͬ
ŮȻ濣ᱻ̭ȥȫʤĻܹ̤ǿԵĵֵġ
ܿŮĵڶֳ¯
ǰ޿ˣĦի죡
Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬˵Ħի죬ʱ޿ڵʱĦի޿һĵһΣ濻Ҫ
ǲ֪ڵĦիʵΣ
ŮٴγĦիսԼһЩĵġ
ŽսĦիսʱ䣬ȻֱӾͱ˳ɫøˡ
ǸĦի죬ȻҲ˱ԴģϹż似Ϲżս
ŮɫòҰףδԼڵ־ͱ̭һǱ˽ܣȻ̭
ֱ֪Ȩһһ֣Ļлᣡ
ڣŮֱӾͱ̭ˣûа취ٲμӽȥǿԣȻ̭ܱ˺ãκŮ³Ҫ̫ˡ
ŮٴαܣջʳҲһɫر
ô
ŮѾջʳһУ׶εǿˣڣԭ޿һսȴǽս
Դģ
Ϲż似
Ϲżս
ЩôôŪԭ޿ЩˣôÿУ
ѩʳģǸڶǳ۵״ӣҪŪЩز£ҪΪܱ̫ˡ
մɫ˵
ԣΪȻ
Ȼջʳȴ֪濻Ħի죬ӵʵȫͳûκιϵ
һʱУõԴʯ˱Դģߴͨ٣ʵ˳˵ĵز
Ħի죬ǴһϹżϹżںܾǰѰڹȥһ䣬ǽ˳Ҷһ˴УõеĴС
ĦիУ൱ŵõķ籩ħиǿԣĦի쵱ʱŻὫ籩ħϹżǷһ顣
ջʺ޿УûջҲδܹʤֻ޿˳Խջ˵ʱ˶ѡ

ջʵĵùŮֱڵֱ̭ǿ֮һˡ
ӵжŮʵޣٿԴǿԵǰһǧõĻ˵ܸһֻϧڽ濺Ħի죬ֻڵ־ͱ̭ˡ
ջʳŮ˵ǳجΡ
濺Ħի˵ȴֻǸСֵһᣬΪĶУһЩȶŮǿȴȫǻܡ
˵֣ܹʣһǧˣߴɽ
Щгջʳ޵۹̫۹ƶ˵۹ȵȣһֱڹ۲˵ս
ܿǷ֣ⳡνǿԣȺ˵ȻǳԷһףȻܹжʮ̤˵֣
֣Ѿ̫۹ˮ½ڡʮʵˣ⣬ȴֻһССıѩʳ
⣬ֻǿʼ
˵ǿԱû˿սԣμǿԣȫǳŵһȥģʵǿ˵ǿ˾Ը˭ڶУ
һֱעţҪǺӣʱɫЩˡ
һ·ÿһζһл֣ܶҪ֪˵֣в˵ʵѾ൱ˣˣȴǱһлܡ
Щ֮˵جΣŸոտʼ
ֹ֣֣֣ȥսÿһȻһл֡
ˣҲ˳̤˵ڰ֣ʱ˿̣Ѿȥ˰µʱ䣬ܼսȥޣֻܹʣ²һǧˡ
ǿԣ֣Ѿ̭ʣµһǧˣ˵ÿһǾӢеľӢˣ
ʱһֱȫʤսߣѾͳ˳ÿսߵǰ

Ϧ裡
ɣ
Ħի죡
濣
һ·Щ˾Ȼȫʤ֪ǵʵǶôǿ󣬲бУȴҲһϤ֡
Ǻӡ
һҲˣҿʵܲһȫʤ
濶һۣӶԷпһĨ֮ɫ
ţһñӱҸףϣضҪնɱ


875 һ
ڰֿʼʱеΪֹһֱʤֶУΪ֮̾
ڣܹʮ˵ڶȫʤսʮ˽չھĽߡ
ǸһǰΪ״ӵλھȻֻڵΪǿĵһӦˡ
ÿս˵һл֣ܶǳʵԴﵽ˻ʾڣߡ
Ǻǣֻãûʲôǿ߰˰ɣܹʮ˶ȫʤսĿɲֻһεĵһ˵˭أ̫۹ڵŹŷɳһȫʤսҪϣпܽܡ
սϰǿߣ׷ڹעʮȫʤսǿߣҲ˶
ʮУвʮţвŵǿߣԵɺµõĳЩϹżĴУǵʵõԾ
ڰ֣
ɣ˾ȵǣȻܿȫʤ֮˱һ𣬺ȻǶںߵԼ̫۹ڵţŷɳ
սʼʱ˿̣ǿ߶ڹۿ˵Ķս

͵սǲռУһƬԲգΧһƬڣûκιâĴڣͬģȻҲ޷ֱͨۿ˵Ĵڡ
΢̣ĻУֱӵȻƣ̫۹ĹŷɳټҲ
ƿأأ
һȫµĸͬʱʩչӰۣ֮Χ̽ȥ
ôʱ򣬾ʮ￪УһƬӹâȻȻ̫۹ĹŷɳֱʩչֶΣ󲿷
ڵĵطս֮˻㣬ͺöˡ
ŷɳӻ۵γƬâУ˵˶֤㱻һܣסҵ֣̫۹ŷɳ
˵ôһ仰սϰȫˣŷɳȻ̫۹ţĲ˵ܹһ·̤ڰֶûаܼʵӹɡ
Ȼ˵仰֮ûκζҲûгŹâ֮Уùŷɳ΢΢üͷ
оЩҪûܸоκϢͷ·Ƭоֻһһ
ѵûн
ܣ
ŷɳԼ̽ͨģڣȴЩ˿ӣʵȴǾޱȡ
㲻˵Ҳ֣ҹŷɳ˵Ļֱˣͷڹ꣡
ŷɳһûĶòٹս˶ЩʧѵǸˣȻҳˣ
ҲˣھȻһ仰𡭡
ԽԽĹڶͷʱ򣬾ڹŷɳȻһƬӰԭƬձŷɳĹڣȴͻȻһƬŨŷɳ˽ȥ
ֻ˲䣬ƬӰоųһƵػâ˱㿴սʤ
򵥵֣ڻֳйĿɿڴ
һУһС
Կޱȵ̫۹ŹŷɳȻֻʹһУͽֱӻܣؼǻû˿ʩչʲôֶΣ
˲֪ԭˣĶ֣˵˼ûУֱӳ֣һнô໰վֻԼ
ڹŷɳսܶ˶ˣԸһЩǿǿߵʱ򣬹ŷɳƼΪֺ磬ֳܹѹסȻ֮ڷֳʤ
ԭ˻Ϊƾŷɳսܸһڿǲ̫Զˡ
ǳ۵״ӣ

ʵϣǳ۵״ӣ̷ȵȣڿսһɴ۾о˼顣
ǹŷɳ̫۹Ű
ʦ̫ţˣ
ٷٺһЦиֳ֮ɫǰһڵʱҲμӹǿԣֻϧһֻõʮһǰܸʮ֮һһꡭڣͬʮ֮һţʦܾһлܣʵǿֲ˹
Ǹŷɳǰ˵ʵȷģ˵Ҳ̤ۻýڶʮ㣬Ϊ״ӵĴڡֻϧʦܱ̫Զˡ
̷˵ͷиֳ֮ɫսΪֲҲѼôһľ塣
˵ʦܵĿ϶ֻǿĵһˣǿʾ
۵ĵ״ӣһĨ֮ɫʦڣֻҪһǻʾʸμǿʾıԡȥԼսټҼҼԼˮ½ڵļ껿յˣҸҿ϶СӾǿʾ϶õһ
ҰĵǲС
۵ĵڶ״ӣЦһЦǿʾľǱǿҪҵöˣ׶ǿĵһִټ̤ʾҲܶǿʾĵһ
ǻǿȥɣʦμǿʾĻкϷˣΪǿʾԣʦöѹΪûͻƵ۾ء
ٷԣһ˴ԼŮ۾Ц
ŮٷĽ㣬Ҳǳ۵ĵ״ӣһɫȹΪۣ£̬磬߳ȥԻΪĿĽ㡣
˵ġʦáȻָġ
Ϊ˲μǿʾԣ̨ͬĻᣬѡѹ磬Ȼֻǻʾڡ
μǿʾԵĻԻϣ
ò˵۵Щ״ǲ²൱׼ȷϾҶţǲ²⵽μǿͻʾıԣҲ̫ȡ
ЩϢҪǴȥ¾ͻֱޱˡ
μǿͻʾıԣǰûйУҲȫֻǸЦˣûˣڸո̤ʾʱǿʾжʲôεģֱǰ־ͱ̭ˡ
Ļǿʾг嵽

˵ǿʾгΪһô˶ˣ̫ˡ
ʵϣôģ
սʤ˹ŷɳͥԺΧ˿ȫһˣ˵ԭһаܵлĻڶԸŷɳһУˡ
õһУǾ⣬۾ֱ֮Ӵ߶ĵ棬зɱŷɳ
ŷɳֿռıΣ޷㿪Щ棬ҪԵֵȴԼķֶЩûκεִֵ֮֮¾ʹ߶Ʊͬʱ䡣
һŷɳɣ
ŷɳȥ֮ȫ亹ѾӰ


876 ǰδ
ǿԼǰԽԽ֪Ҷʵ˼ĺ档
˶Ը˭һУ᲻ǿĵһ
ûһεǿԣǳֹģһֱʤĵУһֱһнֵġûУ
յۣҲû
ԣʱ˿ϰǿȫעɳܹıĸ֣
ھֿʼֻܹʣ˻ڲս
ʮֿʼǿ޻ʣʮˡ
ʮһֿʼһٶʮˣʮֿʼֻʣʮˣÿһֶ̭һĲߡ
һ·߸ͽ˵ʮΪֹȻһн֣ȽɺϵǵˣûԼߵѣ㲻
˾Ͳһˡ
Ϧ˷СɣֱӽСɻܣȻСһҲǿߣڵʮһֱ̭
šʵȻҲһӵз籩ħУһбԴģۺʵǲڵʮ־ͱ̭ˡ
ڻһ̤˵ʮֵģ߾ͽֻʣôˡ
Ϧ裬Ħի죬濣иԤϵķܰܰõĿ߳սټ츳ͺܲȻһ·ڣʮǿ
Щ֮⣬ѶѾ̭ˣվʵ㣬ҪУɣڳʮǿʱ̭
һ˹ɵģȻǺӣ˿濵ˣ
ʮǿ֮󣬹򲻱䣬Լ˵ĸʾͻ߳ˣͬʱǺӵĸҲ÷ǳ
ڣЩбѾȫϢˣΪ뿿޶Ըܣһоܻκһǿˡ
Щα
ûκοܣ
ԼԵʵѹЩҪ˾
ҶĦի졣
ʮǿʼֱü벻ֱԼˡ
ÿÿһֶһȨĻᣬ濱ֱѡȨѡ֣λᣬ´Լ˵Ļ͵öԷѡȨˣΪÿÿһֻһȨĻᣬȨĻͬ䣬Ҫһθġ
ҶǺӡ
۾ԼĶ֣˳в˵ע

濺Ħիʱǰһ˵Ǻڵ޿˳У˺ǺӶսĻᣬֱӶкϷˣ
֪ǺӽӲս
ϦЩ˵
ӦûɣҲһֱʤ״̬ӦöԼʵĲŶԡ
˵
⻰䣬ͷֶǺӾȻѡȨ
Ȩˣ
ǺӶȻѡȨɼǺӶʵޱȼɵģҶ
Ͼ̫ˣһʧܣпֹʮǿǺ˵ܻ
ǺӵȨò˶
Ҫ֪ǺҲһֱʤĴڣֱڻȫʤģܹѾʮˣǺӾ֮һ
ǿߣȻѡȨ
ɴ˿ɼѾǵ˺εȳ̶ȣ
ţռŶֻ֣ȨȨȨ
˱սõĽֻвϵȨȻûʲôԸսˣԼɵˣսϰˣҲȫɵˣ
ܿ죬ֵ濶ս
һѾȨһΣȨôԼϣٵԼ˶ǿȡøߵĲβС
ȻϦս
ϦȨ
ĦիȨ
ܰȨ
һʱȥ̤ʮֵʮǿߣȫһ飬Ȼû˸ҺսģһûС
ʮˣ֮⣬ȻȫȨһλֱ˿Цá
һռͲŶˣֱһ֣
һһ֣֣¶һ൱һֿյ״̬ɴ˴Ӱǣ˵Ȩᶼ
֮⣬˱ŵ˭Ǻ˭ս
ǿУǰδУżսۣԴ˸е𾪡
ӣȻ죿
̫۹ǿߣŷɳȻʮǿ֮У֮ǰܸһΣʵǽʤɹ
ʮǿսУŷɳǱŶ붼ֱӾܾˣţͱŶսϦ衣
Ϧ裬ŷɳǷǳ˽⣬̫۹ȴ˵ŮʵףȻҲ൱ս֮С¡
һŮ֮˰ˣҹŷɳ򲻹ҲˣϦ趼򲻹ʲô̫۹ţ
ŷɳһһлܵԹ֮ǰ̫۹һУΪʹޡ
Ϧ裬ŷɳʱ׼ȫԸϦٶȻܣҲԼ˱ܵζ
ֻϧŷɳ̫Щ
һлܣǶʹ״Ϧ裬ֵõʲôô
սֻ˶̶ʮʱ䣡
Ϧʩչ֮ԣֱùŷɳܵ޾вСԸֱӴ߶Ҫ
ȻϦѾʩչ뿪սռ䣬ŷɳĵҲѾĵʴմȾһ˿һ
Ҹµǣ̫۹û֪Щ֪ŷɳӽʵؽ󽵣ʮǿУӮºޱѡ
ϣŹŷɳսܰ
ŷɳԹҪɱܰڱʴʵ½һ룬Էܰûκв
ܰ趯߳ѣֲͨһλ˹ŷɳڵۿŹŷɳҪĳɱޱȾֵĴ߶ƣһסڵ
Ȼܰ´߶ʵٴαֻʣ²ȫʢʱɵ򲻹һѰˡ
³Թŷɳ˵ȻǼΪʹģϦ軹Ƿܰδκ
ΪŮ֪̫۹ʮ۾ǿߣҪץסҪĻڿͱ̫۹סˣ
ԣڳ̫۹ŹŷɳŮû˿顣
̫۹ֶΣڸܾȵ˹ŷɳѹסڵҲֻܳʱ䡣
һûˣŷɳ̱᳹
ǣϦԳΪڵôܣ
ʮǿ֮ս󣬾ֻʣʮǿˡ
Уߵ˾ռλãϦ裬Ħի죬濣Լһܰ


877 ֱǿ
ǿԻڼֻʣʮ˻ڳϣʱÿһսᱻϰͬʱۿʣʮǿ˶Ѿ˲²⡣
ʣõһ࣬Ϊ۶˭һнֻܣһֵʱ򣬶û˸ҺսȫѡȨȷǿдδֹ
Ǻʵˡ
ڱȽϹĵģߵһȽڴϦܴ棬Ļͽǿһλøˡ
ǿһĽһڴˣǺҪֻһ;ܵõᡣ
ǿʾԣǰʮӵģ
ȥ϶μǿʾԣôǿĵһóȥԼҲûʲô˵ġ
ûκһõľȻ뷨óǿһ֮ѡ̲μǿʾԣǰʮ
ֱе쿪˰Ҫ֪ǿʾǰʮĴڣһǿߣ
ǿһʱͻ֮ҲѴǿʾǰʮ˵ǰʮˣǰһǧûôס

ûʧϦܿͻʤһ֡
ϧǣܰߵҲѾǵ˼ޣãֱӳ鵽˶սĦի죬˫ȨᶼǸ˫޷Ȩģһսֻܼ
£˫Ȼ֣ܰӵϹżƷս߳ѣĦիͬӵУ棬ĦիܰʤһϾ̤ȷܰö࣬ԶҲãսϸڵĹ۲Ҳãʤܰһ
գܰսܣĦիʤŷܰźһ۹Ŷսʮ֮һĿɵ۹ʵǿڵμۻýʱף
ǿߣǶϻʾڵĶֶģлὫʾڵĶֻܣǿǰʮˮƽ
߳Ϧ֮⣬ûκһ˸˵ʤˣɼʵǿ
ܰڴУʧֹܰʮǿһֱ̭ˡ
ڼ䣬עһǺӵսִʵȻǿɵ۹ţʤһЩȡ
ǺЩвֻϧıעδǴӺδڶ˽⻹̫ˡ
üͷ΢壬Ǻӣʵǿս˵ѾʱˣڵĶ֣ǰͻܹˡ
еĵǣǺӣϦ֮⣬ʤ²ߡ
һֻֽʣʮǿ߻ڳмս˶̭̭ܰԳϦ֮⣬ֻʣĦիˡ
ʣµʮˣ仯ÿսʤˣǵսһʤ̭
ҵÿ˾ͶûȨᣬռ㰲˭Ϊֶֻ֣Կ
˴ʱǿ֮սѾӽβǰܹһʱ䡣
һԼеϢԼϵһʮдŵŵӣʵԿ̤ǰʮģȫû⡣
עһ˵İţС裬˭ˣ
Ϧ迴һۣǿɵ۹ǸţӦû⡣
һԵĦիҲԱŵ˶֣˵ĶҲʮдŵŵӣ˵ⳡսѾǹؼʧˡ
ʱ˿̣ʮˣӵǿԽսҲܻܻʾڵˮƽˣʮˣǿʮǿߣ
УȻ˶ڵ˸е𾪣Ҫһֱչȥսȡʮĵλ
ûһǿԣʮǿгͬһġ
սʼϳ
ʱڴڴԿʵҪ֪֮ǰһֱһн֣ҲΪĶ̫
ڣϵʮ֮еţǶϻʾڵǿ߶һս֮ôһн
˶ãˣȻսʤˣҪƾһУ޷ġ
ռĴͳһƬɭ֮УƬɭ֮оȻнշģҲ˵˭ط޷еģֻս
ռ䴩͸
һֱ̧֣ӷɳɭеһɣȴ־ռ䴩͸޷֪ɭֶ˵ǲƻģ
ҪЩҪʾڵƻڵܹûҪȥôΪֻҪֻܾˡ
ʩչӰֱۣ֮Ӿͷ˶ԷڵأһûΣԷҲֱӷֱӾͱй
Ȼ˲ֱ䣬뿴жǿ֣ôΣա
˺ܿˣûκλǶս
һ̧֣һͻϵĽֱӳȻնƾˣϵĽֲ
㿪
Ƿ
սϰȫ뿴ӦǿһС
һ΢̣˵Ĺ첻вһѾֱؾ磬̤Բ磬ǿȣԶѰĻʾˡ
ܣҲɲκӰ죡
Ȼôͱ¶ԼǿǿȣμǿʾʱҪõɱﵡ
һֱʩչ֮ƿռܿһУһڳи֣Ķڡ
һ̣Ƶػâ֣ʮĵһֱ䣡
һУ
йս֮˲侪ˣжǿʵǿĶ֣ȻֻҪһоܽ
ѰĻʾǿߣ޷һлܴ˰ɣ
Ȼ˵ȴˣȻԾδǿ̫࣬밵ӰĵϣȴԶһ֮ǰ
ڣ밵ӰĵϣѾﵽ˵ʮ
ϣֻоżھż֮󣬻и߲ʮϣʹ˵߽ʮϳΪϡﵽΣܴǿȡ
򵥵˵ϴﵽʮ֮ԵȾżϵʱǿ
ʮϣⶼǼܹﵽģЩϵҩҲûܴﵽʮϣȴԵɺʱһֶ״̬ӶӰϵ˵ʮ
ң֮⣬ʹڵֶΣѾͷȫӡУʱ˿̣ѰҲҪǿһؼһѹĳǿʵ
һʵŻõȵԸͬĶ֣ȫֻҪһо㹻ˡ
Ǿľĵ湥ƣ޾͸ֵܵסĹƣֶ㲻ֵסֻаһ;
սʤֱǿ
Դ˲ϲע˽ȥսϡĦի죬濺Ϧ裬˸ԵĶֶǿܷһ̤ǿ


878 һУ
濵Ķǿɵ۹ţ˫ս࣬ӲҪԱȵĻ΢һЩġ
Ͼɵ۹Դǳ࣬ϴǿɵ۹ţʦҲǿɵ۹ĵ۾۷ǿߣΪϳԽ濣⡣
սȴһʼȡƣԭֻһǾս鼫ΪḻӵԽսľ
У濰ľǺдˣÿһκд裬кܶͷս൱̡
ɵ۹ţսҪ΢һЩˣս鲻̫㣬濵ʱЩطûܷסһʼơ
濵ı֣ҲЩ죬սȥһʼһƣ޷Ŵյ¿ɵ۹мܲסֻ䡣
濻ʤ̤ǿ
һߵĦիûôˣһͬʮǿߣǿߣȿɵ۹ŸǿȻռĴﵽ߼ϣ
Ҫ֪ĦիȻǿͰӰĵϳ̶ȣҲǴﵽˣȻԷֻһϳ̶ȣڶսеĵĲѾܴ
˾ʱĲĦիհṳ̂ǰǿС
֮Ϧ
ϦĶһ˵ţڣʮǿĸģĸ˵ģһǺӣ߸ȫʮˡ
Ϧڶһ˵ţȻԴļΪԷȴҲǱԴĺģⷽ棬ϦƾС
ϧǣϦʦʹģ̫żƷ似֮裬ϹżƷƷ似
ڣϦ趼ôҪԼͨ⿿Щ似ͽȫѹסˣʣ濡ĦիϦʵҪǿ᲻٣һʱ䣬ɻ˶֣ǿ
ֹעһǺӵսִ˵ʵЩʮŲֻ࣬΢ʤһջǻһ˵ǿߣ̤˰ǿ
һʱ䣬˰ǿ
Ϧ裬濣ǺӣĸռĸĸУ˵ǿߣʮǿߡ
ǿ֮ս϶ӼңϰڵҲⳤһµǿԣڵ׶Ρ
ռܿ찴չ򣬸˶ŵ˸ԵĶ֡
սˮ½ţҹ
ϦսǺӣ
濶սһ˵ţ
һţսһʮ֮һŵ۹š
˵ǿԲ䣬ʣǿ߶ǱȽţǰǿÿһˡ
ףΪ׶ΣǱȽ׵ģֻҪ㹻ҩķΧˡ
˻ʾͲһˣҪڻʾͻƣҪ֮⣬ҪԵԵȵȣʱڵͻҪѰٱֹ
ԣȽϸߵޣû㹻ԴŻͣޣʵȻܸˡʮȡ
ǿǿĵһսˮ½ڵŮӣҹ
ˮ½ڣûʲôøеģһн֣ǾͿ϶һн֣˿ϻ
ܿ죬ϳսһƬԲĴԭйоصĵˣսû̫Ӱ졣
ܿҹŮ£ֳһϹżƷĳһβĻ㲻
ҹȻûʲôøС
Ůдһɱ֣ʦֵ֣ˡ
һЦûŮϣŮӶȥ֣Щ黳Ҳ֪ǲǿ֣ʦֵˣ
Ȼҹ֣Σû˿ϵ
սʼһſڣֱһھϢֲϢƶʱȫ
С
ҹһгʱɺüžϢϯȻҪϢӲӲ
һ̣ҹ˸ΪһޣжȻǷǳģһ˲󣬳̳һһХֲͬһлϽɱΪֲ
Ȼһ̣ҹɫʱ仯
ֻоȷųĽѾǾϢ飬ǾϢȻֱƿգĵطֹ
֮ܣ
ҹܣֻʩչͨ趯γһ潣ܣҪϢĺֻϧһ;ˡ
ֻһ棬Ľܾ֮ͱϢ׺飬ԸܵϢеǳѰͨ
㾹ȻѾͨ
ҹɫ䣬֪ԼĲжͨѾݱΪĲˣѰ£츳Ƚϸߵĵ۾ǿ߲ܹĶ
ƵĹâ˸ҹֱӴ߶ͬʱ䣬Ƭ̵ĻԻᱻϢֱɣʬ޴档
Ǵ߶ƵķϣǾϢֱӽҹУƵķϣȻʴ˰ٷ֮һĺȣ
ҹͳȥ֮ǰͿƵķϱϢʴ˶䳹𾪡
Ҫ֪Ƶķϣֵܵ۾ǿߺڵǿߺģҲ˵ոյѾȵϵ۾ǿߵİٷ֮һˣ
ҹң֪ƾҪ֣ʦֱǲܵˡʵѾԶԶԽԸֻҪһУ
ҹ֮Ϊǿ֮һ
ŵսϦսǺӣ˵ʵǺԭûôߵ˷Ǵ㵽ٺһս֮ǰŽȨĻϣǰ档
ǺӣԼһĶ֣ԣ˾ͲôˣرϦ裬ǸʮСŮж
ϦʱȴԼС˴ŮϦͶ䣬ϹżƷƷ似ϢȫȻ׵׽Ǻѹס
ǺʩչֶΣȡѾϵεϹżƷ似ȴûܹϦ裬ϦѹŴֱһʱ֮Ǻֻ䡣
Ϧ̫ǿˣ
Ҫ֪ǱʹԽ̵һʱģܶ༼ɶ̸ԸһǺӣкѶȣ
ǺӰʦߣȻǿۣʹȻһһϣûκοɱԡ
սȻսܣĶ˵ţ˵֮ǰۻýҲ̤˵ʮŲ㣬ʵǳֲʦ˵ڸ֮һ
濰ܸˣҲˣһߣʮ˻ʤΪǿ֮һ
ǿϦ裬һţһʮţ


879 һ
ǿʱǿԵľƾͷǳˡ
Ը˭һлܣĹھߣûһεǿԣֹ
֮ǰǿԣÿ˶ƾеģ˸Ʋ˭ǵһһΣʼյıһֱˡ
˶ʾмģΪǳ۵״ӰܺᲢ
Ϊ۵״ӣڻֻڵΪֱǶ۵氡ôţǲмһ˵ġ
ԴˣԼȻνģ˶ȥˣսȴԼʵݺݵĴ˵
ʣǿ֮лЩģҪϦһĻǷҪϦܣ
Ϧǿ϶ģ֮ǰͺϦдܶˣϦ費Ķ֣Ļʱһǰߴ֮һĻᣬϦ͵òˡ
õǣսֲܿͳˡ
˵ţϦʮţûǰһͷǳˣϦ϶սʤֽġ
Ը˵ţԴ󣬶ʵ
˵ţҲۻý̤˵ʮŲ㣬⣬Ҳһǰ׵ʵˣֻһṳ̂ʾףĶ֣ôʧܣ
ϦǱߣҲҪģʹĽ̵ϦȥۻýĻкܴҲ̤ϵʮ㣬ˮ׼ġ
ԸһڵʮţֱҪ̫ɡ
һʱ䣬Ϧ˶֣վһоϢ֣ٴˡ
ռеϰǿߣһĻֱţһֱ˾Ȼһл֣ܶʵжǿ
ضǵһˣ
˶ôãûκ˶Դɣǣʵǳ˵ԤϣվʼʱϦ豻͵սأȻȴǣֱӴ߶ơ
䣡
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Ȼ֪ǻǺһǰߴ֮һȥԼⲢ˶֪顣
飬ҲֻбȽϺĵĴڲ֪Ҫǵ۾۷ĳϼ˶ûʸӴľ
Ⲣ˿ǿһţƺţѰ˵㹻ˣǿ԰һӵҫҫͽȴǹãøԼѣϦ衣
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˿ʼ²ںܿ˲²⣬Ϧ϶Ůˣ
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ǰʮҲֻȥˣϾû˾ԳΪǿʾĵһϾʱ䣬ô̤ʾڵġ
һһΣڲڵô֮ͳΪǿʾ
˶ֻ޻̸֮
ԣǵʱֻǳǿʾǰʮȥģϾǿʾԵǰʮҲǿһǸᡣ
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ڣ䣬ǿһλøϦ֮󣬾ֱȡͨռ䷢Źڶཱ
ǵڶĽܹмֵǧҵԴϦǵһֵܹһǧҵԴ
Դˣһİżƻġ
С裬һǧңȫҰɣȥ˶һһЩ
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ϦԥĴӦˣǮƣϦ迴òǺأȻЩԴҲȱѰԴȻãǾͶˡ
Щ֮⣬濡ĦիΪǰҲõ˲Դ
Ϧ˼õ֮⣬˼һȻҲõ˼ֵǧҵԴջ˵൱ЩԴҪƽʱǵúܾòŪֵġ
ӹϦһǧԴֱӾʹ߶ƣ뿪ռ䣬ǰˣ׼ȥһǧöһľ塣
һǰ˵ľɨˣڿ϶Ѿ˲ٴ׼ĵԴֱӶһǧöľĻǴһöľ壬ܹһ޸ʹΪ̫żƷս
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ţҪȻͬ޵еģǿʾһҲǲܵ顣
ҪμǿʾԣͱϢʱ̤ʾʱ仹൱ȵģǿԽֱ֮Ӿ뿪ˡ
Ҫص޹ŵȥ׼޾ҩ̤ʾ
ö޾ҩ̻ʾ̣öҩڣԽΪĲܶɿܡ

뿪ˣׯ԰ͥԺȴһƬϲص
ǿԣׯ԰˿˵ǴȫʤջΪḻΪǿĵһϦ軹õ۵ԽӼȨѡһЩϹż似
Ϲż似Ϧ˵ûʲôϡģׯ԰˵ȴȻϹż似ѶȷǳߣѰ޾õϹż似Ҳڶʱ޳ɣеȻǱûкãǸ츳ߵһЩᡣ
ϦǰۣѡһЩϹż似ʱͥԺȴӭһȺ벻Ŀˡ
ʵϵϦõһ֮Ҫݷׯ԰ͥԺĿ˷ǳ࣬ȴľܾˡ
ֻǣһȺˣȴ΢̣ǽˡ
һȺˣ̫۹ˣ
̫۹һ۾ڵߣ۾ޣм̧ŵһܣׯ԰ڵͥԺС
ģ́ŵģȻǱ˵̫۹ţŷɳ
ڵĹŷɳȫĸʴֻʣ°̫۹˲ǿߣȴûҵһ˿취κùŷɳȲ֮£ֻ̧ܽ˹Ͼ廹ϵˡ
̫۹Ĺϵǲôõģ


880 ʨӿ
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ʵϦȫǹģԸ˵ʱ򣬲δֱʩչԣԹŷɳ̫۹νţֱӾʩչпֶΡ
̫۹ɳʮ۾ǿߣҪץҪЩֶΣͱץˣ֪ܵʲôĥء
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ڣ̫۹˴ŹŷɳϦһ֣˶Էǰ
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׷һϦ裬ȴǰ˼ӣ˿ûнϦ迴
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ڣòذɡ
ϦǺЦ˵̫۹ʵûʲôøУȻԷףͿ϶Ҫץסᣬ׬Էһʴġ
ԷܣҲûʲôʧֶΪأ
һϦ⻰ǰ׷߶ʱŭˣʨӴ󿪿ڣڣβɣ
ΣҿûΡ
Ϧɫ䣺ʱ䣬ҪǲܣǾذɣһ
˿Էʱ䣬ǿЦȨУ̫۹߾Ȼһ߸ϵģֱŻ
Ϧ赱ȻԷӣֱӾͿʼ
׷Ϧ迪ʼʱɫ䣺֪С㲻֪̫۹ǺεȻ˵̫۹
ͦģɳʮ۾ǿ׷ɱ磬ȴȫϹżС
ϦһЦ̫۹ʵھŹˣвǣˣʱˣǻȥɣͣ
Ϧ˵̧꣬׼߶ƽԷͻȥ
׷²Ļˣæڣڣҽܣ
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ڣʵɽܵķΧڵģϾŷɳ̫۹ǿһţҺ̤ܿʾδܳΪһ۾ǿߡ
ңȻһδĵ۾ǿߣֵõģ˵ŷɳ̫۹һλϵĵӣҲ˵ġ
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Ϊں㽲𣿡
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ǰ׷Լڶ̫۹ȫˣû뵽ӾȻ˷񣬿Ҫڵļ۸˵ڻܽܵĻôѾһԤڵˡ
Ҫˣڸ㣬㲻׬ܽύ̫۹
߳ҪڣǾͲòһôǻ̫۹׽񣡡
ߵĻϦȫΪ񿴰׳һһۣȻ
ֻҪͻԥԷȫߡ
浱ϡҲɣ
Ǽʶ̫żƷƷҩƵģÿһöҩóԼֵʮϵģ
ڽύ̫۹Ϧ˵͸ûʲôˣ˵̫۹վҪ˵ģύʲôã
οϦɲ̫۹κνõĿܡ
ۿϦ̬ȼ׷ɫΪҧгݵ˵ھڣɽˡ
ռУ׷߼ҪֱӶˣڣ֪ԼҲûκõģΪֻҪϦһ̫ܽ۹ͳȥ
ׯ԰Ϧ󣬿Ϧ̫۹߿˼۸һڵɰǸһ
ǴûϦ˰һ桭ǰʱϦһֱǸСѾͷ˵츳չ˲٣վǺۡ
ȻڣϦʵȴǿһԸҲǰ̫࣬۹Ȼ˿飬Ҷģ˿ۡ
̫۹ԸڵĴֱۣ۵ĵѪ
Ϧ˵¹ŷɳȫ׾ٵ飬һֱ̧ӽԷڵĸɢˣЩɵ綼ܹɢˣʹԳ֣ʹ־һŷɳ
Ϧ˻֣׬ҵʲʲ̫۹˵ǼΪӴ֣˵ʧء
ׯ԰޸ԽʲѸһˣҵʲȫԴĻԿ˵ٶ
Ϧ豾˵ûʲôã˵ȴǼΪġ

Ϧ̫۹߽ʱȴѾصʥ֮޹ŵ׼ö޾ҩ
ո˴һǧöһľ壬ֵڵԴȫͶУڴһöһľ塣
һǰоǧöģڼתһЩԼȫĺģһǧٶöʣ°ǧö
ڼǧöľ壬պһöԽһ޸ʹΪ̫żƷսˡ
磬ϹżƷսѾǼΪĴڣ̫żֻƷս֣ܳСϳ֡
Щ˴Ϲżеõ̫żսҲǵ۾ǿвŻӵУôСӵеģϾ̫żս̫ˣСУһأ
̻ʾ޸
ڽȥʱڣҪ飬ȵȻǳԳ̻ʾˡ
̤ڵʱ֮У˱Դ֮ʹڵⷽͷ޶ӡУǿ
ʾ𣬾ڻʾǿߵУǴڡԡģӵԵ磬ܹʼݱ䣬𽥵ǳ


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881 
޹ŵУʹһӰһ߹۲޾ҩһΪη޾ҩֵ
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ʹͲҪˡ
һö޾Ʒҩ
ֱӴ߶У޾Ʒҩеֱգڻε£ö޾ҩĻһ
޾ҩеӷԲһ￪ʼŷԲʮſȥÿһ﷽Բͻһ޾ҩе
ʼԲʱֻ޾ҩвٷ֮һŵ˰ٷ֮ĵԽҪԽ
ŵԲʱ޾ҩĴڣѾȫĵˣһö޾ҩȻûͻ̤ʾ
޾ҩ֮޾䡰޾֣
̺ȫ֮󣬾Ȼӵҩٴβӿֳ޾ҩʱ̣Զ֪öҩṩ
ⲻǿҪöҩʱжˣһ˵Խõ޾ҩоͻ̺Խ
ʣõö޾ҩѾǧ꣬бض̺ǳֲ
Բ

Բǧ
ŵ˾ǧڵһޣ룬ԭͳ˵ڿʼ׳ɳ
ͨؾͻƵҪһͻƵʾҪ絮ԣ֮飬Դ֮ʱ򣬾Ѿӡ
ʱֱ̣ŵ˷ԲʮӱɢɢƬУ
ʾһͻƣ
ܵԼøǿǻҲһı
оԵģڲŻʾڵΪǲμǿʾԵĻҲ̤ǰһķΧˣġڵҶ΢ǲεģĶ֣ǰһֻǱصĹơ
ҪԸġڵεģڵΪͿ϶ϾЩţͺһܹԽսͱǿʮֹôˣ
Ȼûн
һö޾ҩͻƵ˻ʾڣϣö޾ҩЩҩȫõĻʲôΣ
вûʲôΪʹ˵ˣڻʾΣ粢ףᵼ粻ȹ̣Ӱ쵽̤۾Ĺ̡
ⲢӰȽΪʾڵ۷壬ʾֻһ֮ңĳ̶ȡ
׼õڶö޾ҩ͵һöһö޾ҩֱ̺Լٶſȥ
ܿ죬ö޾Ʒҩ£ǰö޾Ʒҩṩͬһö٣ڶö࣬öеȣö޾Ʒҩȥֻŵ˷Բʮʾڵһﻹһ㡣
ͣһö޾ƷҩʱǲˣʹģҪ̫ɡ
ƾڵʵƴһƴ̤ǿʾǰʮ϶ûģȵǰʮѾǴʱȥˣʱͻƾҲ̫
ö޾ƷҩΪ죬ЩӦԼڵˣ֮£ֻʹд衣
ʱ䣬ʹд裬˵϶ʹĶ֣ʹȴõİ취ϤԼӶȹ
ҪʹĻ϶޷ƿԼڵɼʹĴڣһ;ȷǰġ
֮޹ŵĴУʼ۲Լ硣
ڣѾ׳ˣ
ʱ˿̣緽ԲʮγһƬ޾գɴƬƬĺڰռɡ
Ƭڰգֳ˾Ÿ
ش˾֮һͷ֮飬Ϊṩ˱Դ֮ⱾԴ֮δʩչǿʾУ϶óˣҲɱ֮һ
߸ֱ֮ͨڴߴͨߴֱ֧ǵһ֣֮ͨڶͨӡͨϢͨӰۣ߽֮ͨͨӰ֮飨֣߽߽֮ͨͨͨͨ
֮ǰһʱڣڷ˿ߵҩõɹ֮һ
һ˺ܶӡ󣬷ӡܹǧͷޡ
ÿδ߶磬ЩһЩҪĻǿЩ׼Ӷʱڻø
ӡеֶΣ֮⣬¾ֻϦѧˣϦ裬Ҳû޸ӡġ
ֶΣʹڵģⶼ֪Ϊ޵ʵޡ޵ǲһģҪǷӡתΪԼǳѣһСľͻͻɥȪ
⣬ַӡ޵ֶζΪΪԼɱﵡ
Թбȫ׼Ļڶʱٶʮ׼ĻӳɾͻήҪץô޿ɲףԲؼʱ̵Ļǲʹһеġ
磬ھһ
һƬģԴ̤ʾɢ֮оԷĿʼǳʼۡ
̷ǳҪȥʮ꣬еһǳҪĴأҪɰǧ֮á
ȻֻҪӵ㹻ͿģǳҪľǺˡ
ڶûô˷ѡ
ҪǣڵǳʵûͷѴ˼ıҪ
޸ˡ
ö޾ҩ֮󣬱׼޸ȡһöһľ壬ʹڵܷʼ޸
ԭھ۵޾սʱҲܵش
ҪʹĻǻڣõٶľ壬֪ȥ޸


882 
һöľ壬Ƕ۱˵һΪ޴Ŀһ˵ҲҪôľ塣
ҪһֱԴģֻҪתһǧöľͿˣļӳɣֻҪת߰ľ͹ˡ
һöľ壬ôӴĿһ㶼ӹһЩΪΰĽġ
˵ɾ൱һΰ֣ܿ޸Ϊ̫żƷս֮ͿԽСġ
ͰĹڴʱ˿̿ɴСˣ
ܶʱ̫Ӵˣʩչ̫㣬ھͺöˣһ£ʩչƵʱѾֱת֮ǰǿʮٶҲʮ౶ҪѾ㹻ǿΪƶ١
ڣȫԵֵסһЩѰ۾Ĺκˣ
޸ʱ䣬㶨֮ǿʾıԾҪʼˣ뿪޹ŵȻصʥǵʥУռ䣬׼μǿʾԡ

ȻͻƵʾˡ
ļʱǰһôμǿʾı𣿡

Цŵ˵ͷʦĻɵ鰡
һЦǰǾҲѡȨڵ˺ڣ˵ʵѾˣҪ𣿡
⻰˵ڹƾʾڵΪ϶Ķ֣ԴҲΪ⣬֪⻰ȷģȻֻһ̶ȷѡ
ҪֶȫĻδزܻģֻϧǿʾıϣȻὫʲôɱﵶʩչġ
ȻμǿʾԣǾ͵Сˣʾεǿ߻ǲٵġ
ĿЦȻ˵ΪҪӻʾͻƵ۾һȽѵĿԺܶʾ۷ǿߣ磬ǵʵ۾ǿߣֻʱûͻƵĻԵˡԣҪǿʾǰʮɱȶǿĵһҪһЩ
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۾ڵҶ΢ҲμӰɣ⣬׵ۡʥҲ״ӻμǿʾǿʾľȷǿҰٱϡ
֪ǿߣôü˵һս
رǵֻлʾڵʱ򣬶ϵÿ˻ǿʮֻǵһ֣ЩѶȵģϾҪԽս
ǿʾԿʼǰһ죬˿ʼԥѡ˲
ϢҲӸ˳ȥʱ˵ľ̾μӴ˴ʢؾǿߣÿһԴ˸еˡ
ǿʱ򣬶ԸÿһֶһнյʱȴѵһøԼϦ衣
ڣȻμǿʾԣѵҪ̤ǿʾǰʮɣ
Ѷȿɾʹˣ
ڵֻǸͻƵʾѣκһʾڵޣض൱Ѱɣ
кϷˣ
˶ĲΪڴϣܹһΪʵսϾǿʱ򣬶Ըκ˶ֻһУôڲμǿʾʱ򣬻ı֣
ôû˾ܺǿʱһһ˳ˣϾμǿʾԵޣٶǻʾڵǿߣǻʾڡʾڵ˵ͳ屶ʮ౶
˴Ĳ࣬ô
˵ǿʾУ϶Ҳк츳൱ߣĵ۵״ӣԼĵȵȣ
ЩȫǿʾԶڵѡκһ
һǿʾԣͷǳˣּһȻøпͷ

޵۹ӡ˾ͽǧĵϢʱ򣬶ʱȫϲ
ǿʱ޵۹κϦУǺ޼
ǿʾʼȻıˣһ˸޵۹ڶǰĻᣡ
ǿʾԣ޵۹ûб̫ϣûκ
κǿнǰʮģȴû뵽;ͱϦɱǲμǿʾԵ˵Ŀֻǽǰٰˡ
ˣҲţƾǲпܳǿʾǰٵʵĻٷ֮ٿԽˣ
ϾֻǸ̤ʾѣѰ޵ʮ֪ʱԸʤ㼫ߡ

ƶ˵۹ڵͥԺУƶ˵ۺĴƾףϢʱϲվ
ȻμǿʾҲ
ƶ˵۶ĳ޿֪ӵйأĶӣҲֱӱնɱ
ĴƾףʱѾǻʾ۷ΪҵõһȽϲĴУڴ˴ǿʾǰڱصã
ʵҪضܽնɱ

׵ڵĹսͥԺУ
׵۵ֲףһüĿ˽
ʦܣضҪúýѵһʦȻʮʦСӣѻ𣡡
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Ŀһ۲ԶʮʦҶ΢¶һ˿󣬽һĨɫİʦ֣ҶʦþԲᱻСߣСϣҪ
˴һμǿʾģֻʮʦˡֻнܲںʮʦûϣСǳ۵ĵӣ׵۵ĵӿɲ
ֲ֮ɫҪһ̤ʾСӣⱲǰ׻ˣ
İʦ֡
͸׹⣬峺Կ˫о̺żΪֲĳǿͨ

ҩڵĹսͥԺС
ǰһЩҩеĳµ˵벻СӾȻĲμǿʾԣԼʵǳء
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ʦ˵ĲСӲμǿʾԣֻȡˡ
һ׷΢΢һЦսض֪ʾ۷ͻʾڵĲж󡣡
սףһֱǸţʾ۷壬ҲμǿʾҶǰڱصã

μǿʾԵϢʱռڼ˶Ϊʵ̫ˡ
رǶںܶг˵ֱǱ
һĺֽܶٶѡȨǻԳ磬ֱӶԿܶгĻҪսҲϦκӵ֮ս
ռУжȡ
Լ֮ǰʵ̫ˣ⵹ҲܹʵΪ鷳ߵĶһЩУʵ϶ڴˣϰˡ


883 ȫ
μǿĶʮ˵ǿʾֻܹ˲μӣ˵޴󣬲˿Ӱսľʳ̶ȡ
ڲαǿԸһأǿʾսпɿԣʾǿߵֶձҪӷһЩҾԵֵġ
˵ԽͻԽǿģʹͬһޣܷӳʵǲȷģڸֲͬ£ܹӳһЧ
˵ȥûʲôšڷ̫żϹżҩǺͰԵȫϵģ
ңЩҩлԴһЩĳֹġĳֻġĳԪġĳֺĵȵȣЩҲ򣬲ЩĶǱԴģδͷʲô˼
ףҪĻǰӰģġĺģڰӰ֮еһ֡
ϣǴﵽһֶεʹѾ䴫ڸģǿʾУ˵ͻó

ڰؾ޵۷׷Уڶϣǿʾʽʼˡ
ǿʾǿıԣһģȽʤƵ̭ȵٵһ̶֮󣬾ͿʼһսʤֱΡ
ԿʼκһμǿʾԵޣȫԼƣ뿴Լռ䰲ŵʲôĶ֡
ҳ鵽ˣ
ھڵͥԺУһʾڵӹЦΧ޵עʱϲ
ȸɽȻʵ¶޷̤ǿʾǰһǧԸӦûеôġ
ȸɽɵüˣܻΪһ𣬸ǻǾƴǣ
ȸʦʵŶһָĴڣԸһո̤ʾڵСӣ϶ʲôˡ
˲ɶ¶ĽɫȸɽǺðֱӳ鵽ֻҪûСӣǡ
СӵҲеаŵģڵʱնɱ˻ʾڵף̤˻ʾڣòҲжԸʾڵʵɣ
ȸɽȻǿĳЩ˵뷨ЦһҲ̫Сȸĳˣ뵱ۻý磬ȸĳҲ̤ϹʮŲ㣬֮ǶԸ˱ԼؾСȸĳ˻ʲôˣ
ţȸɽͺһ𣬱͵һƬһ޼ʺϿա
·ǺͷȴһƬƿգûκ׺սԵüΪտȸɽڵλãʱʮ
ֱӴ߶Ӱۣ֮˶ԷټԷҲûκΣֱӳ˹
£ҪһԼڵսûʩչƿصΣ͵Ϯûʲô̫˼ˡ
ʮľ룬ڻʾǿ˵ת˲˺ܿںϿˣʣɾ롣
ɱҾں󱲣ұҪȥĺֻһ
ȸɽһӣǷĹԵȻȫ׵ĺͻڶ˲׻죡
ڣ
ȴǲΪһ꣬ʵľҲǱùžο˵ڻ㲻ʲôˡ
ڿԺú÷һˡ
ţ΢΢һ̧֣ȫӿֱһӰԣĵ֣ͨ
ڵľ֣ɲͬˣǰʩչľ֣һֱֻǵĳͨڣͨȴѾ˵죬߽ͨĲΣ
ңֻĺͨͳǰͨġ
˫ֳŰӰ䵶˼ĳɿȸɽɱȥȸɽ״ΪЦһֶΣҲ̫Сȸĳˡ
ȸɽ˫һӣһ׹⣬һֻ棬תźͷ֣˲佫ͷֺ룡
ɣˣȸĳֻһӶѡ
ȸɽ𣬼Ϊ⣬оԼԸŻʾڵè׽һˣˡ
ܿЦˡ
Ϊּǳ׵硢˫شǾѳ룬ȴûб
ڣӰܿ쿪ʼΣһʱ䣬Ȼֱӱ֣
ѣ
ûи
ȸɽһȻ֮ɫ漴һҧȫ׹СҲóˣҽ飡
ȸɽԼΪţϾ׵ͻƻǿģһ̣׹ÿһ׹ⶼֱ۴ϸϵĲбض̺ޱȿֲ
һ̣׹ĺ£ֱǧٿףȴҪѳΪľֻ֣ϧԷ׹̫ңûüѳͣһžͱ÷鿪վûܹ
̫ˣܽͨĻȫһˣϧô൤ҩֻǽǰͨԼӰ֮ĻֻǸ߽ͨĲΡ
ţûܼѣɷ飬ԤϣϾֻǸ߽ͨˡ
ȸɽ׹⣬ͬҲǸ߽ͨΪǿᣬԸȻûʲô⡣
ֻ΢һ°ˣûָһ־ͽֽɲǿˣǿʾ
ıУΪȴǸ̤ʾٵѹ֪
Ӷʱ˿̵Ѿȫؾ޵Ľ㣬սͬʱۿ
˶ܺ棬ǿʾıߵԶ
ÿ˶ԴŲͬĲ²⣬ȴûκ˸ȷĳɼ۵˶
˵ǳ۵״ӣʵϣ۶ûر˽⣬ֻ֪ԼܣǻʲôǿĴС
ڿõĴУɹ˵ǿ
ֱá족ݣ
Ըһȸɽʦܿ϶ûʲô⡣
ڵͥԺУ̷Ц˵
ǵһϾŸո̤ʾڣյòǺܳ㣬㿴
̬׿ԽţЦٻ֣ӦǾ߱޷ѵԣԸֵͬĻһ֣ԽԷɱˣڣȴȸɽֱӺˣ˫Ļвٲġ
Ȼˣóʦܸոֻڳ԰ˡ
СΪڴ˵ʦܣҿԽԽ͸ˣϣǿʾܰھҿжô졣
ΣܲʦõĶ֡
۾˲ǰĵд裬Żʾ۷Ϊһ۾ھȻܹ⣬Ҷʱڲ·磬ʵޱȾȡ
ãǿʾĻһӦĵġ
Ȼ໥ûʲôϵ˫Ƕиеġ


884 ֶ
ǿʾһ֣гһǧսͬʱУǣûκһսĹۿǱȵġ
ؾޣÿ˶ս棬ҪսΡ
Ķȸɽһٻľֳʱв˾Ҫˡ
ֶ˫Ĳʵ̫ˣ
ѲһսҪˣ˵пԭδ̫ʧ
жôţ
ôʱ򣬳µĶ
Ϣ
һϢɭȻϢȸɽٶȥնȾˡ
ĵͨϢѾ˵ھķ룬ﵽĲΣ
ؾǿӦеֶΣֻ޲ûԺԴȥ
⿿Ļ츳Ҫʮʱܽͨӵ죬Ϊڰ졣
Ҫھ죬ͻƵҪѵʱ͸ˣǳɱ
ڶʱ޳ȫΪ˿ߵĵҩЩҩ⣬ǼΪĴڣ磬˼û˵
ۣҲŪֲεĵҩ
Ϣ˲Եõȸɽһ˿ѹܵһڵ̺żǿЩв
ȸɽΪ⣬һȻΪ׵֮壬ת˲˸뿪ԭ
벻㾹ȻֶΣֶεٶ̫ˣҪֶζԸңǵ±Ӱɣ
ȸɽɫһ׹⣬Լٶȳɱ׹·һ㽫ڸǣ
ڳ˹Ȼȴ⣬ֻһ̧֣һ֮۳ֱӵΧһ˲䣬Ȼ׹ȫֵסˡ
ͬʱ֮ǰǿϢȻ͸ճȸɽǰֲ˲ըŨȫҫ׹ⶼס
⹥ֶΣȻܹ͸գֱӹ֣ʵ̫ˣҲֲ̫˰ɣ
оֶεĹȫȸɽ׹⾹ȻһʾڵСʩչֶΣ
ˣע⵽ûУȸɽ׹⹥ȻֱӱסʾڵĹȻ޷ƿķʵ̫ˡ
һ˲䣬̾йս֮˿ʼ
пĳǿʾп϶ܳؼǣֻһ̤ʾڵСӣ
ԭ˶оܱܿȸɽѹŴ򣬵ȴû뵽оȻֳƾе̬ơ
׻
εľϢһ׹ġĽɵ׻ȻϮͬһ
ȸɽܾϢһȻûȴҲϾȸɽ֮أͲʮء
һ׻˾ϢɵŨֱɱֵ׹
һ֮ϣֱӾ͵ֵסȸɽ׹׻˦ʱ򣬵һʱһֱӴ߶
诲
תͨ诲ֱֶ˰֮⣬ȴ׻˸ɳԼϮ
ֻӲӲˡӲӲҲ˿飬ֻô籩¶Լֶζѡ
֮֡𣡡
ʩչԼĵһ֣֮ͨͨ;ϢһҲѾ̤ĲΣΪֲ
һֻ׹ֱֱӴд͸һץ㽫ǵ׻ץסĴ߶֮£˲佫е׻ĳ
𣡡
βǴ޳׹ֱȴǺɨֱ̽׹ģҵ׹һץסȻ󳹵У
һĵ׹ⱻ֮ȫ׹׷׿ʼɢȻһֱӴݻĻ
ʲô
ȸɽɫʱһ䣬ʩչ׹⣬ĵ߽ܹͨͨԲʮķΧȫΪ˵򹥻ǿȴƵ
ǣԷܹҵĺģǣǵ۾ǿߣҵĺĵģǰСģ
Уȸɽõһ̶ȵ򾹱ֱȥˣɫе
еаŰȷ̫öԸ
ȸɽٴδ߶ģڳйһ뿴ǷϹèӣɲŴݻٵ
һΣһ֣ľֱֱ֮ӽһ飬ƻ
Сӵȷа취ҳĺģ
ȸɽӿԿ϶ˣһȫȭͷϣȭͷͻۼĳ׻֮ȭ
һȭȸɽյľɱɣһϹż似Ѿһ˳Ȼ磬ƻΪֲܹ͸ռ䣬ֱԷǰ
׻֮ȭȻȴ۾ֱһȸɽһȸɽһУĵЧ
ֱӽȸɽסƬ̣ͬʱ֮ǰȸɽʩչ׻֮ȭҲλõ󣬺Ȼһ
Ӧ飬⾹Ȼֻһ
ȸɽݻ֮ʶֻһʱɫüΪѿΪ׻֮ȭֻҪʩչĿ꣬Ŀ۷ʲôģҲӹ׻֮ȭ׷ɱ
һ׻֮ȭȴǿˣ
һȭķϣȻķҳ˷飬ʲôã
ȸɽоǣ֪
Ӱɱ
һ̣ȸɽΧ˲ӰЩӰϻΪһУȸɽ˹
޾ӰУȸɽһƾҲ˵ң̫ˣ
һ̧֣׹۳һϣ˫ͨ׻֮ϣǿѰ۾ǿߵĹֵܵܶ¡
ȸɽȴһʧˣ
ӰУһУϹżƷսһֱ񲻿ɵҲһ
ЩӰɱжȸɽ׻֮ϵסΨУȻֱӴ̴׻֮ϣ˲䴩͸ȸɽֱۣ
⻹ȸɽÿһ㣬ҪȻĻ׼Ŀࡣ
౻͸ôȸɽɡ
ֱϴʹ࣬ȸɽ亹ֱû뵽ԼȻһˣ
ңǻʾڵǿȰô׵ľͱֱۣ
ǰս͸̫ǿˡ
ȸɽвһ˿־壬ܹᴩֱۣҲܹᴩ࣬Ҳ˵ǰķûʲôô


885 Ԥ֮
ȸɽеһ˿־ʱĹһνˡ
֣֮𣡡
һֱ̧֣߸֣֮߸׹ֱ۴ȸɽȻ٣ÿһ׹ֱ۶ɢɭȻֲϢ
׼ɱֶˣ
䡭䣡
ȸɽ亹ֱæ߶Ʊʾ䣬ֶʵ̫ˣֶΣϡŹֵս֣ȸɽԽԽ顣
ԼͻȻͱŪˣæѡ䣬˵ˣ̫۹иŹŷɳǿԵʱ򣬱˸ð󻨷ҲžȻ
ȸɽɲԼҲĴⳡսˣսᣬȥȫʤĻһԽ
ȸɽ߶ƣⳡս˾ţսȻʤ
ڿս֮ǰһھܻʤȴû뵽ʤӦǷѾǧڵʤ
ڿԸȸɽûѶ˼˵ɱ߸׹ֱ۷ǳˣҲ϶㲻ɱﵡСصĺ
ĵһսʱûаŵڶս
δţϵѡѡʼۿ˵ս뿴ĵȻġڵҶ΢˵ս֮⣬μǿʾԵ۵ӣҲĴһ£֪ǸԵӶ׼ս
֪֪ˣսȻΪ޵ڻʾġ
ǿԵʱԿ϶ûԼ֣ǿʾǸȫͬĲΣϾŸոտ׶Σ׶εĶֶܲϤ
ڹۿġڵҶ΢˵սУ˵սʽһЩ˽⣬Ȼڲֻǵһ֣ľԲ˵ʵʵ
˵ȸɽսһӵĻôĵڵһֵսȫѹġ
ȻѾвٶĵ˵ʱѡȨвҪսǣοһҲȫûлᣬȼʶһǿߵʵЩ˵ǲѡ
֪ʥۡ׵ۡ׵۵˵״ӣ׵۵ĵӳ˵ʮ״Ҷ΢֮⣬еھ״ӣлƲ죬൱һǻʾ۷ΪʵӦҲ
ûȵƲϳĵڶ־ųˡ
Ҷ΢
Լϵϣʱеɵۣôû뵽ԼһֵĵڶֻҶ΢
ϴκҶ΢棬һǰˣλ֮δҶ΢Ҷ΢һǰĸȤ
ȻνĸȤָŮ֮У棬ԴǺġ
ȻˣûоܾĵҲһһҶ΢ڵʵ
һսԻǳѵսںп䣡Ͼֻǵһ֣˫óɱﵵ£Ҷ΢ʤ㻹ǲߵġ
˫ɱĻξͲһˣԼɱﵿ϶Ҷ΢ǿʩչҶ΢ֵܵס
ֻǵһֶѣȥ̽̽㲻Ҳ䣬ֻҪȥӮһѣǿ̤ڶֵġ
ܣ
һ룬ֱѡ˽սҶ΢һ
սʱׯ԰ͥԺ˶ʱһĶֿҶ΢׵۵ĵʮ״ӣѾǻʾ۷磡
Ϊ˲μǿʾԵĻҶ΢ѡ̤۾˰ɣ
һ֮ǰǰִ̽ʱ򣬾Ҷ΢лͣʱҶ΢ͿԶԵֵʮ۾ڣڵǿˡ
Ҷ΢һ꣬ʵ
Ҷ΢ׯ԰˵Ԥ֮ģսһԤ֮顣
ĸոսһսãڼ״˫жʱ¶Ȥɫ
Ҷ΢벻ǲ֪һϣǻʹֶ
в²ţԿ϶ǵһ֣˶óʵʵҲԴſ˵Ĵʵˡ

սҶ΢
İţȫϰؾ޵Ԥ֮⣬ûκ˻뵽˾Ȼô硣
ڣ벻Ķսţս˳ռݱģҲܲУӰ쵽սŵĽ
һսֱӾйڵעûһ˲ڹעˣ
״֮ĵһԾҶԾһոǿϴ˷ͷ
ڣҶ΢ܼĲս
Դˣ˶ϾҶ΢ڵʵ൱ڵ۾ڣڿ۾ڵǿ࿹⡣
Ÿո̤ʾڣ˫ʵ̫ˣ
սȸɽļһ˲ٹ򣬵ֲεǽҶ΢ǿһнģҶ΢ʵ࣬ǳԡ
׵ڵĹսͥԺУڶǿҲȤ
ر׵۵ĵ״ӣֲףھ״ӻƲ죬˴ʱǼΪ˷ܵģСӾȻҶ΢ˣĵطҶ΢飬Ҳ˵Сӿ϶ҪҶ΢Űˣ
Ҷ΢ԸΪҪǿϲԼˡһսպÿҶ΢ʶһ㣬ǾǣԶֲ׺ͻƲ˵Ȼһõ顣
Ȼ˶Ҷ΢ġ
ЩǷǳҶ΢ݣĳϣֳֻܷдʵģˣҲֻǶӣᶪ
ο˵Ҷ΢Ҳ飬ǶҲޡ
ɶҶСӣضҪԾݣ
ƶ˵۵ĴӣƾţʱɫΪϾ̭̫ĻûûնɱΪԼܺͶܱˡ
ƾײٿʲôͷȴҲ̭鼫ΪӣΪ˵
ڵĹսͥԺС
̷͵칧ڳԣЩڴ˵벻ʦôˣֵ֪³ŹС
ۺͰЦЦ츳ף˵˴һⳡֻǵһְˣǣǻóʵ𣿡
Ȼᡣ
̷͵ҡҡͷҲˣⳡսֻҶ΢֮̽ս˵ҪⳡսĽȷʵȫȡġ
ȻⲢҶ΢ⳡսȫעȻܿʵʣⳡսضǼΪʵġ
˿ʼⳡսע˶Ҷ΢ʤҶ΢ʤ˶ˣĻʤˣЩעҲӮ̫Ǯ
˾ȵǣעҶ΢ʤȻ࣬עʤȴҲ٣ǿеı֣Ѿջ˷ǳķ˿


886 ֮̽ս
Ҷ΢սű㱻͵һɽУ⴦ɽԲĴɽʯηǳӣҪǣЩɽʯоȻ̺ĳʣܹѰ̽ͨ̽⡣
͸Ѱ޴ܶ鷳Ϊĵзǳ㵽ܾöֲʤһЩȽĲʤǿľûᡣ
˵ȴ⡣
ڲ˵İӰۣ֮ͬʱ˵صطƿأֶ໥ϣܹɵĸ֪Բǧ֮ڵ仯
˾ƿ֮̽ԭͺȫͬˣǿʾеһơ
ԣ׵ľͷҶ΢ټҶ΢ȴûܷΪһɽ֮󣬱ɽҶ΢̽⡣
ȻһֱȥμһսԭһǸһҶ΢ҪҶ΢˴Լʵ
Զû壬Ҫͻ
ֱӷɹɽʱҶ΢ܵ٣˫ѸټɿʮľƬ̼
벻ôˣΪõȵء
Ҷ΢ԶԶߵʱ΢΢һ̣˵
㣬Ŷ˵һġ
ЦһЦ˵
ǵǣ˵¾Ͳһˡ
Ҷ΢иֳһĨ֮ɫһΪѡȨȴû뵽ջǽˣͲ֮һˣӶʧȥʸ𣿡
Լġ
һ̡
Ȼ
Ҷ΢ȻһЦҲ÷ϻˣֺܾˣֻϧǰһ֪ܵȥˣҶҲټҶ΢ɲ׷ᡣ
˷췣
Ҷ΢һ̧ͷϵ׵ӡǶʱȻΪ׵еƲ㣬ʹѸپۼһ̣˵ֲɫ
˵磬Ӱ˸ͬķٶȼ죬ʶ˸һ诲ʩչҪ㿪ȻȴͻȻ֣ξȻûжԭأ
ȻǻֶΣСӣոո˵ڼ侹Ȼ˻ΧĿռ䲢δգȻҪ뿪Ƭռ䣬ͱƿ󡭡ˣֻӲ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽Ҷ΢ʹֶΣ˵թҶ΢ΪҲûʲô
Ҫǣ˵ӲӲ׼ȷĵ֪Էʩչ
䰵ǣ
һ̧֣˲۳ö䰵ǣ漴֮ȫΧ֣Χ
ӲĻ㲻ͻ
ԶҶ΢Ϊŵĳ¶Ҫʤ˵Цݡ
˷췣׵۴еļΪҪһϹżƷ似˵ǿ似˰ɣ
ˣѾ似˻ƻΪֲֵĻԼֵסпܱ˷췣ɷ顣
ڣźĻᣬ˻޷ܣֻӲһ߶ƣˣ
ȻҶ΢룬Լȴ롣
ö䰵۳ٶȳŰ˸췣ȥصľƿ֮£ö䰵ֱӳǰ˵췣֮У
ƣ
˲ǰö䰵ǣűǰ˵췣ֱӱһ£Ȼñ֮ǰϸһ룡
ôܣ
Ҷ΢ɫʱһ䣬оԼİ˵췣类Ժһ£Ȼֱӱһ뻹࣡
ֶΣҶ΢ȫδţδ
ܹԷ似似ͨ
Ҷ΢֪Լİ˷췣ܷܱƵ߶ƣûǰˣϾİ˷췣Ѿһ롭
˵ֶȴ׾پܹʩչˡ
䰵ǣȻС̺ȴСһö䰵ʩչ֮б㹻ƻκιеṹ
ոǴ߶֮ö䰵ǵƻǰ˵췣еṹӶֱ䳬һƻ
Ҳֻصľƿأһ˲ҵԷеӶö䰵ǽԣˣ˶䰵ֶΣƻԷĹṹӶԷ
磬ֶֻһʩչ
ţ˵췣Ȼ֮ϣʱѽԴȫټѾԲ֮ϵķһǰǿٰٱ
İ˵췣磬㻨ʱ䣬ڽ֮ϴݻ٣ȻȻϡ
һĸоʱȫǿȴԶˣ˫İ˷췣ϾȻûκˣֻȫ˲һ¶ѡ
һĻҶ΢УƤһʣӦԷԤϡ
ԭҶ΢ãһм㲻ܱƵ߶ƣҲʹĳЩصɱ˰ɣ
ǣȴֻ׾ٵĶһЩֶͨΣ׾ٵĻΣ
󡭡֣֮𣡡
ȴδվŲڻڻ֮УƵֻ֮һֱܻ֣ȻҪĽ
Ȼ̽սҪ̽Ҷ΢ĹҪ̽Ҷ΢ķΣ
߸׹ֱ˲̽˳ֱӳΧؼĻץȥһ㽫Ĺؼλ𣬴ӶȫʧȥЧ
ֶΣٴҶ΢һ
˵û뵽׵ĵֵסİ˷췣Ļôû뵽ǣȻֻǴ߶׹ֱôһץ׵ƿĻ
ͺ֪ĻͿȥЩһǿĸ֪ģ
ʣȻطصľƿˡ
⣬طҲֻһЩɣܹеģ֮ǰֻطÿһطսбˮ
طȻֱǿ޵Ĺ߷ȴãƿأֻǵصľ磬Ѿֶܹε㣬ӶԽƽ⡣
ɶǣֶλ൱ΣҶ΢ֻ֪ԼĹƵԼĻ󣬵ȴ֪һġ
ֻҪ֪ӵ㹻ˡ
Ҷ΢תһ룬΢΢һ̣Ǻܿ£Ǵʱǻʾڻ۷ΪҶ΢δĶ֡
ڲֻǻʾڵĲΣ
Ҷ΢ѵԸ˸̤ʾ
ȻܹԽսţҶ΢ͬҲǣ˫Խսʱߵܹͬսʤ
ţҶ΢ͷϵӡǶʱһ׹⽫ȫΧһֶַΣΪľǷֹ͵Ϯ
Ҷ΢սʽǺ˽ģ˵ʲôʱͻ͵ϮһֱŷֶΡ
ţһ̧ʩչ˷췣˵췣һκȻ£еҲԽԽ࣬ԭһƬջܲƺҶ΢ʲô


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״֮ڵ˵̫ǿˣԿܣ
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ЦһҶ΢һЩ˽⣬֮ıը̫ǿˣɴݻ֮ϣʣܽˡ
ĻֻóһЩµֶˡ

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Ϊ֮ıըʱȴͷѾ鲼ƣɫ׹ⲻ֡
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ϿһƺûʲôЧƿȴǸܵһƬ񷣬еϵǿѾһ롣
ţ߸׹ֱ۴һܶһһץ˷ڴÿһ׹ֱ۳У֮ϵĽǲֵϵ
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ʲôҵĸֶΣ
Ҷ΢ҲֶιŹ֣ϵ񷣬ȴδģ¶һ΢ЦνˣΪҵϵ񷣬ȴ֪ⱾҸµһ塭ϵ񷣬ѱƣһƣ㽫ٵľǾ
ʱ˿̣ȴҲ֪Լϵˡ
һϵ֮ȴһϵ֮ϣȻһϵ񷣬һϵǿȵһϵͻƣ
ˣʱ˿̵ѾȫȫһƬУ˷ȫɫ׵Ȼ졣
ȥгɫ׵֮⣬Ѿʲôûˡ
ƾƿأҵеһЩȽϱĵطϵ磬Ȼÿһطһǿ󣬵Ȼǿ
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ɱˣ
Ҷ΢ܵ䣬üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ȼ뵽Ľȴܾе磬ûóֶΣ֧Ųס
ʵϸҲûʲô⣬ϵֶΣԸ۾ǿ߶㹻ˣ˵һ̤ʾ
ǣҶ΢ܾ˴αЩ֡
㵹صغ
Ҷ΢ǳһ㣬ȴصʱҲҵĶ֣һ¥ֻϧǿʾ֮ұͻƵ۾ʱɲҵĶ֡
Ҷ΢ţ漴Ҳͳ˱ռ䡣
ӭʦֲ׺;ʦֻƲЦԼһЩʦʦĹעҶ΢ⳡս˵ȫעģȻҶ΢֮кܶѯʡ
Ҫģǹʵ⣡
ĻǺǿֶȴܹŹ֣ĻһҪСˡ
Ҷ΢ʵ˵
仰ֲ׺ͻƲȴǲΪȻ
һʾڣʲôֶΣǱϣԲᡣ
Ʋ뵽


888 Ź
Ҷ΢Ķսˣⳡսغܿ죬ҽԤϵһǾҶ΢ˡ
˫۵״ӣϣҶ΢أ֮Ĳ൱ˡ
˱ԴģҶ΢ҲУ
ֶΣҶ΢һ
֮⣬Ҷ΢ںܶ෽涼ԺᲢۣⳡսĽҲǺ顣
ȴǺһ㣬Ǿǣսҩ
ǿǿʾսУûв׼õҩĹ涨һ˵ûʲô˻ֳϷõҩΪô˵ֻǸԣԵιϵܶණ
磬ǿվսϣΪһҪʱʵĵҩǿԣҲֻеһļֵġ
ֻϧһǿԵľսϦ裬ֱˣȻû˻ʲôҩ
ǿʾıУҲһġ
漰ǰʮλʱһЩʱʵĵҩᱻ˷ãȡؼԵʤ
ˣǰ׼һЩʱʵĵҩҪǰʮ˵൱Ҫġ
Ҷ΢ȻҲĵҩҪȣǾͿ϶Ҫϲˡ
Ͽǻоö̫żƷƷĵҩһãʱڽǼΪֲЧˣ
Ҷ΢ǣõϹżƷҩʱԼʵˡ
ڵҩ棬걬κˣ˹ؼʱбҪĻ϶֡
ս棬аϹżսǷǳˣϹżƷսǾܵõõս⻹мУΪѵá
ӵһϹżƷУһ̫żƷһֱصġ
һ߶ԻƲɵı֣
ս͵ҩ֮⣬似棬Ҳ걬κˣ۵״ӣϹżƷ似Ѿǳˡ
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ȴϹżƷĶ䰵ǣԼ̫ż似壡
ϣ֮⣬κη涼Ҫ걬μǿʾ֮ˣ˵طƿأܹʱƿսϵһУڲ֮ء
Ҷ΢ֻбЩʵĻڵսʤˣֻҪ̤ʾڣһѹס
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ȥɣӷͷ̫ʢѹһ
СӸո׵۵״ӣЩܴ죬һܷӳȫʵʵսʤСӦûʲô⡣
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ǱڴȻҲǺܵģֱӽս͵սС

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һȫʹǰʧӰ٣ǿۣʼ֪ԲĴڡ
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վɱùһУʩչԷסһʱ䣬Ȼ۾ܶĶ䰵ΧƣԷֱӱ
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889 
ܶڼҶ΢ʱ򣬾͸оʵˡ
ȫΪҶ΢ʵԱȣҶ΢䣬ȴû
ʱ򣬾˶Ǻ޷ġ
ʤһ̤ǿʾڶ֣ʣܹ޲սЩǾһ̭֮ǿߡ
˵ֻҪҶ΢⼶ǿߣ˵ʵûʲô
֮󣬵ڶֿʼֱӱŵһƫԶĻʾ۷ǿߣƺƫԶʳĻʣʾ֪ǾþӸλ̬ŭ
ԴˣֱӹʼʩƿֶνԼöԷûа취ҵԼȻͻȻ䷢͵ϮһֶδöԷ޷ֻ֣䡣
ŵĶһҩеĻʾ۷ŮӣֶͬΣֱӱȶԷ䣡
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صľƿأսӹɣطĵ㹻һ̤ʾˡ
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˵ʵ˵ȲġҶ΢ˣȴҲѰĻʾ۷ޣӵжԿһ۾ǿߵʵ
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ϹżĽϹżĳսϵھ۷ͨһЩѹж䰵ϾƿأÿζСȥֵסԷĹ
գץס˶Էеһֱʩչ⣬ٴνڣȻһ٣߶Ʒ䡣
֮һϵӣ츳ҲΪرóռĵսΪ㿪˺ܶĹ
ֻϧҵþ⽫УôȫήˣΪзӡһпռóӡʲô
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գһֻ䡣
ԿʱԵĶʵڣսĻһܽɱǺпܱԷѡ
⻹δļޣ׼ڵ״̬ǰ֣Ȼͻƾ׼
緽ԲǧֻҪʮһ̤ʾڣɱ֮ǿڻ
ֻҪͻƣʱͻƣֻҪûǸҪˡ

ʤò˵ɫȫ
ԭ˾̤ʾ״̬μǿʾս϶ܿͱ̭ˡ
ڣʵݺݴǵ
ջʳУմӶѾǾˣôҲû뵽ʵȻѾﵽ̶ȡ
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ãȻջʳһǿˣߵˣûκм֮˵ˡ
ΪջʳĴӣʵﵽ˻ʾڣջʳ˵Ѿ൱˲ˣϾŶʮͶѡ
μǿʾԣڵһ־ͱ̭ˣȥĻԻ÷ǳҡ
뵱ӹһ٣벻ѳɳⷬģ
մĻں޽ӣ
ֵѩʳϣ濣ֻϧһж֮󣬲û濣˻ѩ˵Ρ
ʧȥǴγĻᣬԶʧȥɱĻᣬڣջʳһϣδܶһëˡ
ִܱ飬ޱȾġ
ڸմһģֻջʳˣܶг
磬޵۹
ƹ޵۹ģǵ۾ڵĴӣڴԼǿʾΪܱ𣬵ڵڶֵʱͱֱ̭֣̤ͨ˵֡
ڱֳʵѰ˱˵ǻʾ۷ˣǵ۾ڵǿߣѾĶ֡
ֻǴǿԵǿʾԵĿȣǿʾֻһ磬ҲܶԿ۾ڵǿˡ
Ǹ̶ȣ޵۹ûκһܹε۾ڵĴӶУ
ԭ޵۹ӻŷûҪɱдѻᣬû뵽ǣĳɳٶȾȻ죬̶ʱڣٶ˿ԿѰ۾ǿߵĳ̶ȡ

޵۹֮Ϊ̵ĸо
һģʥټҵļٳٳǿʾбֳսˣʣڵٳѾĶˡ
˵ٳǵ۾ڵΪ棬ȴûһǱȵģ»ܵúܲҡ
һ뵽ۻ֮µԼսٳɫҰףҡ
ڹļ٣ǻûоҲǼΪģڵģŵĸԼս϶ûаյģȴû뵽ĳɳٶôֲ


890 ĥ
ٳ͹еˣˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һ껿գȴȻûô
Ͼ껿Ѿǵ۾ڵǿߣڵ۾ڵУǱȽǿ֣һʾСĶ֡
Ĳ˵ġڵҶ΢ˣڶܻܼ껿գ˵
ԣ껿նûô⣬ֻжĺˣΪֽˮ½һ̭ü껿Ϊˬ

ǿʾֿʼʱܹʣǧˣʣǧ˾ľӢˡ
ÿһóȥ޵۹ѩʳĵط˵֡
Ҳһֿʼʱڱŵһˣƶ˵۹Ĵƶ˵ӣƾף
ƾײǻʾ۷ǿߣƶ˵۹ڵõһĴУӵ˲ֶΣǿʾĿǳǰ١
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̤սصĿռ䣬һŭԶƾڽʱֱӾͷơ
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׼Σֱӷ͵ϮԷܵģԷȻҪһսȻҪˡ
ʩչӰۣ֮鿴һΧһƬϰɽһӾҵƾڵĵط
ֱӳƾڴ˹ȥԶԶɣЦսνȷ𣿡

ƾ׶ʱ˫ĿŭӰŰɱܺͶܣձ˱ҪΪǱǾȪܹ֮Ŀ
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ЦţܱɱֵңܣѵɱҵʱҾֻվŲɱɣǱˣҪңҲŹκˣ
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˾ȻȫãӵƵʱȻûнԼƶ൱ڸԼһŻΣյʱ򣬻ܹסԼһ
޳ܵľٶʱϰս߷һƬ
ֱ̫޳ˣ
ƭƣԼȴĵ
ʲôƶ˵۹ˣǶ۰
飬ȴƻǿʾԵĹأ۳֣Ҳܲ˵սȥϾǿʾԣȫռٿصģռ䣬˵һʶרΪűڵʶ۶Ӱߡ
ԣսе飬ֻս˫
ƾ׻⼲ɹɱԼЦһƾΪܸΪûô񣬵ڶԷ޳ܵΪʽĵˡ
ȻһܺãҾ㡣
һĨ⣬ڲμǿʾԵʱûжŭڣԷΪȴʵ̫ˡ
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ƾ׵ĵǵ⣬˲תΪһڴϸ缲ǰһŨ֮С
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ǵ缲Ũеʱ˲ͱһ룬ٳʱȴֱӽǵС
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ۣĶҲƷƷڶƷ۶ûм
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ʱγһɫ⣬Ȼ˲䴩͸׵һºƾ׵ϣ
ƾ׵ĿЦȻֹȻԼһĺɫˣûʲôƻЩɲ
׵ˣ
ƾ׿һڴȻ˳һɫȱڣ׵УȻһϷʵ顣
ܡôܴ׵ѳ
ƾɫһ䡣
ʲôܵģ
ϴų֮ɫƷĥѾƾףĥѾ͸ڣȥ֣ƾҲѾûκλȥĿˡ
⻰һƾ׾͸оЩ̫Ծ
Уƺһֹʼ͸Լٶӳɢȫ
ȫÿһλֺܲõĸоָоݣҪһµĻǾǡȫÿһλڡĹ֮С
˵Ըֱܵȥʧȥ֪˫ȥ𽥿κζĵѾȥ޷ڵκ
ڣڵȥ𽥱һˡ
ô£ǻþ𣿡
ƾײ̫ӵǿֶΣ˲佫ֲзϵ״̬еĿ־壬ʶĴ߶ƣѡ䱣
δֹǿƾױƱţ뿪ռ䡣
кĥе˻ô³ĵطڶֵڣƣܱסԷ
类ʴ̫۹Źŷɳ»ڣҲֻϦ裬ܱס
һ޽ֶΣ
ϦᣬȻҲᣬȻʽͬЧȴģƷĥԸһ޷Ļʾ۷ޣ൱ɵġ
ȻԷһ㣬ôһкѴЧΪĥֻЧãȴױס
ֻϧϼװľʧ룬ƾΪԼʤȯգ˿û뵽ʩչֲʽ


891 ̤
ƾԼ֮⣬йսȫԣûκ֪ʲô
˴úúõģôͻȻƾ׾ˣ
Ȼ߶ƣǾͿ϶ƾ׸оԼܵвҪȻܴ߶ģϾ֮ǰ֮޺ܴƾײ׷Ź
ΨһĽ;ǣʩչʲôȽεֶΣƾ׸оԼҪˣֶΣ˶֪ʲô
˵Ǽڹؼʱ̣׵һɫ⼫ٴֱܳƾףȴûʲôڱ֡
ô˵ֶΣǿɱΣ
˿ⳡԣøӼɵˣƶ˵۹ıɵƾף˻ȥעôˡ
Щ޵֮⡣
ƾ׵ս˫ͳȥƶ˵۹ڵĹսͥԺУӭ˺ü֮͡
̫۹
ڣ
ˮ½ڣ
ʮ֮һĴֱǰҪ鿴ƾڵ״ӶƲֶΡ
ƶ˵۹ߵʱȴõһǾȵĽۡƾѾˣ
ȻƱƾױͳսأĥѾ͸ȫ£ֶֹΣƶ˵ġ
ǿߣȥһƾ׵ʬ壬ֻܵһŨŨȴ޷ƲõֶΡ
ֻ̫۹ˣɫ΢΢һΪǿˣֶηǵ۹Źŷɳܵ档
ŷɳϦʴº󻹼˺ܳʱ䣬ܵȵǿӶǰȥ飬
ƾףô̶һʱڣѾò
ֶΣϦĸӿֲ
λǰǼһֶμΪΪײһҪɱضΪ֮
ƶ˵֮ɫҲûа취ˣȻһ۾ǿߣҲֻǸ۾ڰˣڵʵԼƾҲ޼
ƾ׼ȻɱôԳ֣Ҳܻᱻɱ֮£ƶ˵ֻܽϣʥЩʮϡ
Ͼǰ̽ŵ۹гģƶ˵۶Դ˷ǳ
İɣӲѰ
̫۹ĳ϶ƶ˵˵꣬תȥˡ
ȻҪȴƶ˵ʲôûκιϵڣ̫۹ƾ׵ΪҲǲݵġ
ƾԼսȴƣҪһֻϧΪƺǴŭʩչһдδʩչֶΣֱӿɱˣƶȲ
ƾܣû˻ͬ˵ĵ˾ѡƶ˵۹ڵʵҲԶԶﲻʮѵĲΣ˺Զ
ƶ˵۱ǵ۹ǿߣֻе۾ڣĴڣʮֻܵһͨųϣ߾Ÿʲôģ˫β̫
̫۹ˮ½˹ȫֻΪ˿ֶΣ˶ѣƶ˵ۣûκһ˿ͬ顣

ƾһսȷƾױҲûôϡ
ƶ˵۹޵۹ջʳһֱǲӬһ߷ȥΪͷ
ʢ֮ʱȥһˣպõʱĽҪ̤۾ѩʳҲ˸ŵʱˡ
ڵ֣ǧսʶ˸ʻǲ
ȥһȵĻʾ۷ǿߣʵףȻƾףҲ˶ˣɼֵܼһֵģʵ൱ˡ
ֻϧǱܿܡ
Ȼͽ˵֣ʣǧˣΣоʾڵΪѾеˣһĻ֣Ҫʩչĳɱﵡ
Ļһ·ֵڵʱ򣬿ɱﵶ¶ˡ
ԣŵֿʼ֮ǰʱ䣬ֱ뿪ռ䣬ǰ޹ŵһˣʹıӻ£һö޾Ʒҩ
öҩ̺ȻеܲˣѸٴӾʮ￪ʼţѸͻһ̤˻ʾڣ
еȫһµĴֱ
޾ƷҩòŸոտʼѡ
翪ʼѸţһһ￪ʼʹЩöҩЧˡ
Ѱ޾ƷҩҲûʾʿŵԲѣöҩҩЧȴԶԶûнߵҩСкд̫ˣ̫ˣ
ʹԴЩп
޾ҩ죬ֻҪһ̣Զ֪е̺
ңöҩ̺Ǵ̶ȷǳߵģЩЧԱȻ߷ҩʮٱ
Ҫһ㣬һûʲôãֻҪ΢һ£Ͳ־粻ȹ̵
Բİ
Բ

һ·ţ޾ƷҩҩЧֱ֮Ӿɢ˷Բ˰
һΪֲ֣ԲǧǾǻʾڵˮ׼һﵽʾڣͿԿʼ̵۾׼Ϊǿһ֮һ
ʱƾĸֶΣݺ磬Ҳκζֵġ
ԣһŵ˰Ľֱ֮ӱǰ˰˱ۺʵĻη޾ҩ屶ĻϾĽֱ֮ӵڻϵģҪĻЧΪԡ
Ľ֮иܴĺôǾǱԴ֮Чǿˡ
ıԴ֮ں˾֮鵮ģһ߶ױܽסʱ䳤̣ͺ˫йϵˡ
ڣĽ֮ǿԴֵ֮ʱҲǿ⽫ǿʾеɱ֮һ
ңڵľ֮˱Դ֮Ѿû֮ǰһ²ʩչһεı׶ˡ
ֻҪҪʩչʱʩչֻʱڶͬһʩչĻЧμ룬Ƿͬĵҩһ
ⲢΪԼǿֶ֮һ
֮壬ȫ׵壬ڱʱ򣬶Է޷˼κ⣬ʩչκεֶֿεģ˵һ壬Ǿ׸ˡ
ͻĸӳ㣬ȥǿʾеĶȻǿˣȴ˿壬Ը֮ǰҪӼһЩ
Ҫԣ
ȻԽսԽ̫༶ǲ޵еĴڡ
֮طսʱͻƣйעȫһ
Ȼʾˣ
̤ʾŶõʱ䣿ֱֲ


892 սս
ڷ޾Ʒҩֱ̤֮˻ʾڣҾʾҲѾԶٶȻ𾪡
ǺڵҶ΢ţûٶȣȻںڵҶ΢ʮǻʾ۷ˣǴӻʾڵʾڣҲʱ䡣
ǰ󲻵һ£ʹһ·ͻƵ˻ʾڣʾҲѾԶˣٶȣ۶δš
СӾǻʲô
ĵ²²ţ
Ȼ֪Լôע⣬ȴ⣬ȥǿʾֿʼŵĶֵҲġ
սףҩеţһֱħŮˡ
սףӡҲǳϾʱս׶˵Ǹսʤǿˣڣսȴһ㶼ˡ
˱͵սУһ۵ɽ˫ɽеĳطΣܶ˶ѾϤˡ
ɽǿԱݻٵģҲ޷̽ͨ̽⣬˵ɽͬ裬ȴԱսкú
õúãԴһƯΪʤҲǲܡ
ȻֻǶѰ˵пˣǾͲˣΪصľƿأԽΧһָƣڻʾΣûӵ͵Ϯ
ս˫۵ɽ֮Уսʼ
һʱʩչӰۣ֮ϾƿأɵĽɽеˣ˳Լȫʾεֶ̽Σܷڴ
ıʱˣ

ս˵սǺܾǰе뷨ˣȴû뵽һô졣
ս׵һۼʱ򣬾ۻýʱʱֱ֮ͨر
ս׾ãô츳Ҳùʸ֣궼׷Ͼʱпǵ۾Ϊˣʱ̤۾ֱ쿪
սζû뵽ڽһʱھʹͨؾڵĻʾڣҳΪǿʾеĶ֣
һսǰԼ¶ĪЦݣս׾Щꡣ
ʣս׶뷨Ȼǵ۾ڵǿߣʵͣȴս״˶٣սкøС
սϢ֮Ȼ²Ķ֣
ֱЦ
ôսҲܲĶ֣
ս뵽
˶Դ˴ǿʾǰ뷨ģϾռһ츳ߵˣõҩȫ֧֣Ȼû̽ϹżȴõϹżڣսҩ似
սĿеĶ֣ǺڵҶ΢εģѹûз
ȻЩŹ֣ս׻ھ´ˡ
սױȽϼɵǣȻպʱ̤˻ʾڵĲΣʵȻ֮ǰǿ
֮ǰܻȸɽƾЩʵ׵Ķ֣ôڵҪ֮ǰЩֿһоܸ㶨ˡ
ʵս˵ǸϢ
ȻԼģս׵Ǻܾġ
͵սռУһ۵ɽ֮󣬱üͷ΢壬̽Եʩչֶ̽ΣȴַԲ֮ȫûӰ
ôܣ
սüͷ΢΢ţϹżսУʱ׼սͬʱӻȡһͬϹżĹžս
Ȼ뵽ǰսʽֶηǳɫսû뵽Լ֪Ĵڡ
֮£ֻȡϹżĹžսžսĹܱݣܹʵʱݳĳĿڵ״̬
ֻǵ۾ǿ߲ӵеϹżĹžսȴҲӵұѰ۾ǿߵٶȸ죬һݳܹĿһʱĸ١
ʮʱڹžϹȻһӰӰ
ս΢̣ҵˡ
ţսױųֱƿɽڣֱڴɱ

ʱľ룬սʮ⣬ȻҲս׵Ķʱ֪Լ͵Ϯļƻʧˡ
벻ս׾ȻսԺĻǲ̫⣬žƿأܹۺ͸֪ȴ޷ݡ
о𣬵Ƕս״˾裬ǾԼ֮ǰ̬
ȻֶôҲܶ˵̽飬뵽Ķ֮ǰֻҪһ·Σ͵Ϯֱǿʾǰʮʲô⡭
Ȼ־ͱֻ֣ʧȥȻˣԷҪ棬Ǿͺ棡
սеӡ󣬲ǿʾԿʼ֮ǰд˵Ǳضǰʮ֮һ
벻ԼһսͶ˽Ҷ΢ǸεĶ֣ҿǰͻƵ˻ʾڣȻĻһսµñ¶ٶˡ
ս׵ƻ£ɽѸ̮˫Ѹٽӽ
ս׼ϰٸĹŲӰѾȫ۳ȻγһΧȦԭصս׵
䣡
һȻ죬ǰԶɽڱԾƿһ԰׽âȻֱϮţ
Ȼֱϳҵı
Щȣȴδֻһ̧֣׼õϰٸĹŲӰ˲˳õ԰׽âӭȥ
ġġģ˲䱬ǵ԰׽âսһѰʾ۷ޣϰٸĹŲӰֱӻᱻĵһ
սȻѰʾ۷ǿö࣡
԰׽Ǭ
սгȻ趯ϹżƷ˲߶â˷ۣͬ£ֻʱ䣬ȻϰٸĹŲӰظɸɾ
ɣ
ս׵ӰȻ·԰׽Ϊһ壬Цһ԰׽â˷Ϯڴ١

ܵΧ԰׽âʱЩ죬벻սҲֶΣֲ˵ӵбض̤ǿʾǰʮʵ
ƾҪԸǲġ

䰵ǣ
һ˲۳ϰö䰵ǣ˷˳ȥÿһö䰵Ƕ׼һ԰׽âֱԽâΪһȻȻ
һΧв԰׽âֱӱһ룬͸Ϯϣʣ޷ͻ
ţ
սɫ΢΢һ䣬һ֮ƻȴû뵽ԼʩչֶΣûܽܣƺɵĵֵסˡ
ֶΣǴӺζ
սױû̫ڶ͸ˣ̤ʾ֮ʵȷõ˴


893 ͼ
ⳡս׵Ķս˶ڿţʵϣμǿʾԵʱʼ˾ͶѾһսضǼ˶ۿ
ʥǵս״˵ʵǳ˽⣬ʱȻ׵ֵסս׵ĵһƣʱһɫ
ʣЩ֪սʵܲģʸ̤ǿʾǰʮ֮У
ս׵ֶΪֲöֱ޿ɱܣ䴩͸ΪǿѰʾ޸ֵס
֮ǰսУս׺ʩչһУһʩչһֱضǴ߶ģȴû뵽һо׵ֱֵϹ˴˵۾
ǲطؾޣսײǺ˽⣬̫ⳡսϸڣֻ֪Ȼ̤˻ʾڣʵøӿֲˡ
԰׽񷣡
սȫûκͣ٣֮ǰһֶαֵ֮󣬼һ̧֣ʩչϹżƷལϮһεĽһУ˶סˣѡ
һûѡѣǼֵ
編ƣ֮ǰֶΣ䰵ǲϷɳЩ֮޶ȵЩͨЧЩȻû취˺һ˿һ
ҳ˰ɡ
ֵסһУ˿û飬ھ˲䱬һӳ׹ֱۣӸͬսץȥ
֣֮
аħɢ
սɭȻİ׹ֱۣǾ֮¾Ȼɫ䣬޾ɫгһģȫ
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սһУȻԹĴ߶ֶΣһаħɢ׹ֱ۾Ȼܵ˳̶Ȳһĸʴٿս׵ʱ򣬱ս׳ֽ԰׽ն顣
Ϊֹ˫Ľ˵ȫƽ֣սû˵Ҳ޷˵սס
ս˵˵ԽܵУֵܵסŶԡ
֮⽣
սгӶȫ˲䱻ĳ֣Щ۳ɽ⣬ڴȥڿʱֱӱκĻᡣ
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ʩչУȫһ⣬һ֮ΧƿȥͬʱĴȫ۳ȻȡеĹģЩȫʴ
⣬
һ˲кͬһռɽռ䣬սҲ˽
ĵ棡
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ɱ˲䱬ޱȵľУгսϮȥ
壡
ս׳֣ɫȻ·Ľ⣬Լ˰ΧЩоȻһܹȫ⽣ס
ţ⽣˲ſγһʥѩ׽ԽȻĶޱȹ̵ľⶼ𽥴ɢ
콣
ţսһն£һƷ˲ƿգնͷ
һƻΪֲ֮ǰ콣ҹ콣һ㣬ƻĻ֮ǰֶλҪǿϺܶࡣ
Ϣ
״ֻһſڣһϢֱӭǵ콣˫ڰбײһһ˵ĺ䱬ڷɣɽ˶̮
ϢѾΪǳˣս׵ƷǺѷɫ˫ײһ𣬾Ȼ໥Ρ
ս˫γײˣ˿˰ɾ롣
һЩֶΣǶԸˡ
սĿƣеϹżƷȻ˸һ⣬漴Ȼѳ˳СǣסҪ½󣡡
ǰѳʱһˡֱӳɶԿϹżƷѾʶ
ô˵սѳٴﵽϵĳ̶ȣһ˫̶ȣжûдﵽġ
֮ǰһĳеϳ̶ֻһˡ
£
δҲûȥս˵Ľ󣬷ȡУд߶ռ䴩͸ǰѷϹż̹ȥ
˫̵һ˲䣬͸ܵϴһйɶϼӿ졣
Լһ̾Ȼϣĸܵڳʶ
Ҳһ̣ڵʶֱеϵҲӽܡ
ϣ
оеĴ͸Чһ˲֪ٱҲӵ˱ȽʶѾܹԶս
סǰѽ
ֱȻͼǰϹżһ𣬻ΪеʶոձԶսе裬Ǻܿ죬оϤԼͶֵսʽΪƷʸߣʼѹǰϹż
ǻ˸򣬳ŲԶս׼ɹȥ
ˣ԰׽󣡡
ս׼ȴ΢̣γź󷽱ˣ
űԼΧʼһһĲ԰׽⣬γεĽϣЩ⣬һЩΧתһЩϴȻ˲佫֮С
ս׽԰׽ɱﵣȻġ
һʱ֮䶼ûҵ㣡
κֶζиԵ㣬һʱҲֻҪ໨Щʱ䣬϶ܹ԰׽Ƶ
ǰǣ㹻ʱѰ԰׽㣡
Ҫ¶һЩֶˡ
ЩƣɲսףԼ㱩¶һЩֶΣҲ뽫˻ܡ
һ̣϶ʱ֮ɫȻǱԴĺԻӡֶʩչ˳
ӡ
һֱĵڶͨԸЧǳã֮ǰһ䣬ѾĲΡ
ﵽεĻӡЧøȫ棬ܹȡзӡǣҲܼȡΧһ
ͼڣ
ʩչӡ˲ʵĺ۳һʵͼʵͼϲϷΧȫյͼУ
ǻӡ̬ͼڵĳ֣һʱκǱͼȫա
һ̣԰׽ĹȻȫͼߣͼڣͬ׵Уնٲ԰׽еĽ⣬Թԡ
֮صľƿأһۿ԰׽㣡


894 
ҵ԰׽ʱ΢΢һ̣һ䰵ǣֱȥ
ڵսףɫЩ԰׵ĿԼе
СӣʲôģȻܽнȫսȥ컷ƵĽȻ޷һһ
սױʩչĺͼڸˣûʽ˵ǴûԼĲ԰׽ֶƿ
һ̣ȵս׷ӦʱѾŲ԰׽㴦ӳһ䰵ǣȻһ֮¾ȫ
԰׽㱻ƣ԰׽ͿʼֱȻû̱ȴѾʧȥ˼סЧ
αİΧͬӵг񣬳ս׼ɹȥ
ͬʱĺͼڸպý԰׽Ĵ󲿷ߣȻͼڻصС
ͼѾںĵЧͼյĲ԰׽תΪָġĵȵȡ
ڹؼʱֻ̣Ҫ鿪ͼڣܹѸٲĵһּΪ򵥸ЧĻֶָΡ
ǲҪ鿪ͼڻֱָӽͼڴ
ֻǴԹһ£ͼյ൱ȫ֮һҲ˵һͼڣ֮ܲһ
˵ֻ൱ڼöӰԵ޾壬ͼڵĴڣΪ˷ֹĳЩʱľû޾Ĳ䣬ǿս
ۿԼսȫâ˸˶ȾһɫˣһѾ޽ն˹
úã
״һЦս׾Ȼ˽һˣ˵Ǽ£
ͨƿأɵĿѹâ޽е߰˴˲˺üʮö䰵ǳ⼸ʮö䰵ֱӳŹâ޽߰˴˹ȥڿʱֱըѿ
Ȼ䰵Ǳը󣬵ըĵطȴǰѹâ޽ڴһֱǹâ޽ֹͣǰйƣһ󲽣
âɢ޽ţǰһµӰսףʱսһϮȴմȾһЩѪ
ѪĶ䰵ըģս״˿ŵɫ벻ͨΪʲôôԼɱУ
һ۾ͿԼһеڴ
ҵġ
սײ䣬䣬ҲһУ
ڴӻȡ׼õһöҩöҩ񵤣úĹǿ
൱սһ磬ʵǣţԼ֮ܽɻܡ
΢̣ڰս׷öҩ֮ƱǣҲӻȡһöڵҩ衣
İӰǿȶǿ˵Ǻս໥ˣһ൱˫ûзõҩ
սһۿˣʱѪ˵ȻʲôȴҲǳģΪ˴˴ǿʾԣܹ׼ö
ڶԸͷһöѾʹˣڣȻһһö裡
ս
Ҳգ˵ǰͷһöѾûи˰ɣ
ս֮о뵽ƴһǶֻ֣ܵȵ˫ҩʱȻٷһöʱ϶÷øˡ
սףҩУʲôࣿ
ʣȻǵҩɣ
ΪҪƴҩĻ϶Ķ֡
ԣۿ裬ս׾Ϳʼȥ׼ݱܷâ״̬£ûбʤİա
뿪
趼ˣǲһܣ˷öҩ
ţֱս׷˹ȥ
Ƶĵҩϻкܶ࣬ƷʱߣҲװ˷öҩ
ԣԼٶ׷սף
սΪͨľǹģڿռ費ǺȴҲмٵЧսһ̾ûӰˡ
δ⡣
̧һѽУʼвӿֳ
ԭɵϣɵҿԶеմԽֶΡ
մԽЧ֮ǰǬࡣ
֮ӵʩչմԽģ˲Խϰľ룡
оԼΪ˲䴩ԽĿռ뽫ԽԽԶ
ڣĿռ䴩Խ㹻ˣ
ϾǿʾսҲԲѣҲ˵У˲սصκεط
ϰӰ֮ۺ;ƿأܹ׼ȷ̽⵽սڵλá򵥵˵սӵĶûãֻҪһ׷ϣ
һ̣δԭ˸ֱʧ
սԶٶ˿ǰϹżҲУܿ죬Ȼ˵ķϡ
һֿǽˣ
ٶȾȻ˿ֲȫ˿Ȳٶȣ
һĻֱս׸о˻Ҫ֪Ȼͨռģͨļӳ£ٶȻǷǳģѰͨռĵǿ߶һ׷
ڣȴս׵ǰģ
ս׸е󣬾ս֮Ҳһֻһͳսǰ
һȻʮľ룡
Щͨռĵĵ۾ǿߣԴ˶ǵ۾ǿߣƾ˲Ƹʮ룬ǳˣ׾ٵ˲ʮ
Ͽ϶пռ͵ս
ȫ²⣬ȴû˽еϵΪܴ߶Զ˲Ƶս඼רõģܳ͵սֹܡ
ƫƫսȫⷶΧڣȫ´ҲȻ
ýˡ
սǰ΢΢һƣȫĺֺ֣֮;ϢȻ
ս׵㿪תһ룬ڶ׷ˣȻٶȱܶ࣬һֱ㿪ңһֱĻȫûӣ
ʵսֻǸоԼһĶ֣ȴʤԼ
ƴˣ
սһ̧֣гȻ֮Ĳ԰׽âٴγ֣ȥ
һˣһͼڳԣֱ˶Էйһ˿һûʣ£ľ֮֡ϢȴǴսף
սʩչ壬һһľϢǽ嶼ֲסϢƻʵֲ̫ˣ


895 ׵۵
ִ򲻹ܲսҩˣ޷ое
һԭԼõˣָоǳܣҪҲŻʾڰҪС̤ʾڣʵҪ죿
սһԼϲ֮ˣƺǿãǳˬʵ֤ȷǿ
һһ֮£սû˶־ɱûó˭֪ûɱﵣ
һرؼıսײȫ֣뵽ֱӴ߶䡣
һûϵֻҪӮܹ˳
ۿս䣬˿ⳡսμǿʾѵһͼڶʩչˡ
ԹƣսӦ̤ǿʾǰʮʵ˵֮󻹻
ǰʮǱҪȡģĿǵһĻǺڵҶ΢취սʤ
ʱ˿̣ϻ˺üɱﵣԸЩռֵġ
֣նʤȻֱŵһ˵Ļʾ۷֣˵ʵսףһѹһʱˡ
Ѿо㣬ҪͨǺܿо֣ΪֳֹʵȻѾûʲôˡ
ƴ
ع۹ֻܷӳһͻĶ֣
أ
޶ȵԷ֣ҵڴֱӴ͵ߣ
ֶ֮Σ
һ۾ܿþ㣬Ӷö䰵ǽбƣƻ
κνǶҪսʤͬǲܵģǴѹסпܻܴˡ

սȻ³ȥսʾǿߣǻʤ̤˵֡
ֵ̤ܹһǧˣҲ˵˴˿̣ǿʾǰһǧѾˣȥ˵Ŀǰٺǰʮ
رǰʮ˵˵ʵﲻǰʮˮ׼һãһ·ȽĶأ
һǰʮǾǸõĻᣬӵһĻᣡ
Ȼ˶֪ʲôȴԼøǿΪÿһǿʾԵǰʮһʱ֮󶼻ǿ࣬Һ̤ܿ۾ˡ
ɼʾǰʮܵõǸᣬĽ֮п̤۾ʾǿ˵ĻҪȫȡģ
ԴֿʼսͱԽԽңʾǿߣһ־ѾȫˣΪһһͺпܱ̭ȥ
ս׵ǱȽɵġ
ǣ֮ȻûȡЦȻЦŹͣսһů
վԼռҵ˰
ս޷ʲôʵˣֻŬȥ˼ҪζԸȴ벻ṩ˸⡣
һأǲ϶ƴȥȼֲסҲ˵ƴĵĻضʤһҪǶɵ׼㹻޾ˡ
⻰սǰһ
Ǹð취

ֿʼȱŵһʮŵӣȻʮǰŵӣѾһӡ
˵һǿʾҲμˣʱҲǻʾ۷Ϊȴǻʾ۷壬ûͻƵ۾֪жõǿʾǰʮǴλᡣ
ֻϧվҪһܵս
һϳƴĴ򷨣ֶΪ׺ݣ벻κλᣬֱӽѹƵס
ֻϧͼһ˲͸Լڳ˽ռ䣬ͼڿ˵һּΪֲĳֶΣκιᱻͼߣǺͼڴﵽ˱״̬
ͼһͲҪԼˣֱӷ˷֮֡⡢Ϣͬʱֳѹסֻܱ
һҲͲԶˡ
սʤ˴ˣ˵һεʮ⣬Ѳɻ䲻ɣ
һսĶֽƲ죬ע׵۵ĵھ״ӡ
Ҷ΢ľʦˡ
۾û뵽Լ׵ôԵҶ΢ٺ˻Ʋ죬СֵǺܰǲ֪ʵΡ
ȻԷô˵׵۵״ӣӶԷȻһǱʤġ
ΪѾҶ΢ȻƲˣ˳ʦӣ
㱩¶ƣҲضҪôսʤ
˫볡ûȨ֣˵Լˣ򲻿ѡȨ
ԻƲ˵ڴѾܾˣ
һƬĲԭϣһƬΪտĲԭûʲô۵ĶֻŵĴû취ۿ̫Զĵط
ֵطսֻ֪ˡ
˲ԭϣʮѸٳŶԷ
ȻʦҶʦ㣬ƾ㣬ͱȾָҶʦˣһƲվ㣬䲻Ҷʦã
һޱȿǰǻƲ죡
ˣҶ΢ûʲô뷨Ʋ˵Ļ˵ϻ
ϻ࣬Ҫʹɣҿʲô͡
оԼԷѾ㹻ˣͣǰеƣ˰С
ȻԷӰĸоԷλã
ͻȻоԼΧȻ׹ԭ˲һ׵磬ԭ϶һƬ׹ɵ
ɣ
ŻƲһ仰Ƭ׹е׵磬׷׳Ϯ˹
ͼڡ
һֱ̧֣ӼͼڣԸִΧͼõӦֶΣһ̣ȴֺͼΧЩ׹֮󣬾Ȼδ浽κԵ
ǻþ
˲뵽һ㣬һʱ߶֮ϺзȻһ͸оԼƺһȭͷУȭͷ޾׵ƺҪ˶״̬
ڲ֪䱻˻þȻǻƲûһȭţ
ãʱʩչ֮Ϻ˶ԷһȭһȻƾӲֵסһȭ
䰵ǣ
ؿھʹ̧䰵ǣ˲ʮö䰵ǳΧɢȥҪþ㴦ը
ȻƲƺԴԤϣ䰵ǸոճûԤص㣬ȻѾƲǰأȻը
ͫζô
Ʋ·ӼԶĵطҪƵþͱƿҵͫ㹥ҵ˫ۣ
ԭþԴͷȻǻƲ˫ۣ
ͨ
ȴδţϾĿһ䡣
ֶΣǰδû취ӦԣոջƲһȭӦǿĹֶˣȴֻܶˡ
ƾޱǿѾڲ֮أ


896 
ԻƲͫþʱûа취ȥȻ˫ۣȻֱӹƲ˫ۣҲ޷Ƶþ
Ҳھˡ
һȭ֮󣬻Ʋüζҹƣе⣬ÿһ似ֱͨӺϡ
Ʋܿ췢Ȼǿľˣ
ȻĹƶ֮һ̶ȣֱӺϾȻһЧûУôܣ
Ʋ֪ԼǿȶԱȲһ룡
ûƲ켫ΪƣΪƾֱͫӻʤģȴû뵽СӾͷϹ꣬ʩչѰֶθκβ
ҪôƲ취ƵҪôֻʩչһЩɱˣɱﵲĻ㲻ֱƾͲӲܱܡ
Ȼˣ׹ɱ
ƲȡԼϹżƷսһſĳһƾˣڴӰ
ƲϹżսֶΣһҪƾֵȻǧˡ
ȻҲһӾ͸ܵ˶Էó˸ǿֶΣ֪ԼʩչǿķУһ̣ȫ֣Ȼһף˰Χʵʵġ
ף
һףﵽ۷徳ֶΣ
Ʋ׹Я׹Ȼ׵ϣȻȱһ룬ȴ˲佫׻飬ɼ׹һƻǺεǿ
Ʋ죬ȻϹżƷս׹ϵϵĲΣҪ׵Ļôһ£֮أ
׸ֳȻ˲䱻飬ȴȻֵס˶ԷʣĴ󲿷ûһʲôˡ
ףһɱﵣһַǳǿķֶΣڿƾסǿȣѾ㹻֤ǿʾеȫˡ

ƲҲķֶһ£аٴλӶ׹ЯŴ׹⳯Ȼ
ȫٴ۳һף˿ԵսʿϢڶɭ
׹һ£
һα飡
ȻûܵˣţڻƲŴηĹƣڱץһ˿
ڻƲͫþã޷׼ȷĸܵƲĴλãԷŴηȴƿطȷ˶Էж켣
ҵ˻Ʋλ֮̾Ϳʼ˷
ռ䴩Խ
УһֱӴԽ˻Ʋ
ȻʱʶȻþȴͨƿأ׼ĿԼжٶֱ˻Ʋһ
ûȻƲ췴ӦϵĹѾϮ
⣡
֣֮
Ϣ
ǽ
ȫɢԾĵɭȻϢֶʩչƲڵһƬռȫ˽ȥ
ھ£Ʋ춼ûа취ʩչռ˴ϮĹֻӲˡ
֮ܣ
ƲΧֳһ׵ɵ׶ܣͼֵһϵйƣȴЩ˿Լ׹
ܣ
Ʋܱ֮֮һˣֻһҧʩչԼصڵǿֶΣܣ
۷ĻܾԳ֮ʮܻܹ߱ܵ
Ҳ˵ҪܣҪ֮ܶʮ
ƲܼΪΣ۳֮Ϳʼ˼Ϊʲôͫþûܹס
˫۽յӣȻڻþеģСӾȻܸӦΧѵþã
Ʋ켫Ϊɻ󣬶ܿͽɻ׵ԺΪʱɻѾûˣĿԼǿֶΣܣſľϢʱ򣬾Ȼ·𶹸һ㲻һϮѾȫݻˡ
ʲô̬ƻ
Ʋ˲˼ٴһ̧۳ܣȻȫ׹˸ҪɢΧľ⣬⴦ڰΣյĳ
ǣȴûԸ
űǾִ֮˷ӿƲУŨľ֮ʼʴƲ
Ʋ첢δԴУֳ׹û磬׹һƬѵĵֵĸֹƣܿڽȫɢ
ֻһ̣ϰٸĹŲӰ˷ӿͬʱ۾⣬ʱһƬȷŸŨȹ̵ľ
ھУս޶ȵǿս֮˽֪Ũзʲô
ֵܵ㲻ˣ
һֱӴ߶ıԴ֮
ⱾԴ֮˾֮һ߶ضƺƴӰ췶Χ
֮ǰҪþε˵ߣԼɱǰ¶
˻Ʋ֮⣬û˻֪ʩչʲôֶΣ
ƲԼҲЩʲôԼ˱塭
һԴ֮е˲ı䣬ǾӵȫҾ߱һޱȾϵƣҪзĻƲ嵱
ıԴ֮ͬĶ֣ܳʱ䣬ԸԼһؾĻƲ죬Ҳܳ㹻ˡ
Ϣ
֣֮
ʶ֮µĻƲ죬ֱУֲƻͷûƲ˲ʧȥս˶ˣ
£Ҫɱ˻Ʋ춼ûκѶȵģԷͬǳ۵ĵӣ׵۵ĵھ״ӣҲͷһˣ˵˫ҲûʲôԹġ
֮󣬻Ʋʶع飬ҽһѹոֻԺһƬհףѹͻȻԼˣʱЩܲˡ
ԼȻһʾڵСӸˣôܣ
С󣬻Ʋ츳һֱԽսֻܱΪߵĶ֣ûΪ͵ֵġ
ڣˣ
ǰƲЩԽսνһŵ̤ʯ
Ʋ·𿴵ԼλĽŲһĻûƲ״
䣿
ʱ˿ȻڻþУʵҪոҪƿһĻþɾƿþɱƲˣὫƲ˫۴ݻ٣û֡
ڸܵƲ쾹ȻûҪ˼΢üԼѾˣƲ죬ѲԼҪɣ
ʱ˶֪ڷʲô飬ȫͷӶ²˭벻л
˻Ʋ죬Ķ͸˻ƲڣСӾģ


897 ˴
磬ոһֱӽƲնɱˣǿʾԣԷ׵۵ĵھ״ӣ飬һ
ϾǿʾԵԭֻʤѡ
ǻƲƺģüͷ΢壬ƲֻҪӲĻô˴ʧȥս
ûµƲ˼
ڻƲ쿴Ȼ֪ոʩչʲôֶԼʧȥʶȻˣȻĹκβ
ҪȻĻôܻ
Ļͽɱˣôôϻ
ԣƲ϶ûɱԼʵոյȫֻԼ˲ǳص˶ѣ
Ʋ첻ܽԼԼ绹͵ˣʱͺһȫ׹˸ñ֮ǰҫۣȻ𽥽ɢȥ

ƲĻ͸ս⣬ȫ׹֣Ϊһˣһ˦֣һ͸һ־ɢȥ
׵ɵӦƷƲ˲սǡ
һ֪һǲ䣬о˾Ȼ䣬ֱ
Դ֮壡
ٴδ߶Դ֮ȻֶζԸͬһĿЧݼڶʩչܽƲһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ܹܶˣ
֣֮
Ϣ
һĹٴ˻Ʋϣһαһθңȫ׵֮󣬺ȻƲ˻ɣ
ʱ˿̣Ʋ˶Ĳ֣ĵĸʴֱֵڣʼڽƻ
ջһ֣ûʩչƷĥҲûʩչֶζԸƲ죬ΪûбҪ
αֱӺƲڵʵʮһٺһսƲ컹䣬չ˵ĻܵӰ쵽֮·
ʵٴѹĻƲ׼ȷʶ
ټҪֱӴ߶䣬оõԼѾܵˣú˵ĻһĹԻ
̤ʼһֱڣƲ춼ûֱΪ츳˶úñΣգһֱûô⡣
ڣܵشڸܵϢ
ʴڵľĲƻľ䶼ˣٲĻһ
ŻƲ䣬Ҳ˿̨ɱ˻Ʋ죬˵кܶ鷳
鷳Ҳȥǻ
ȻƲ컹䣬ûа취ˣ²γ֣ضҪƲġ
ڼȻԷˣҲͺˣҲ߶ƣѡ˳
ʤ֣õ̤һֵʸ񣬶ֵܹ̤ģܹҲ˰ˣǿʾؼʱ̣ܿҪˡ

׵ڵĹսͥԺС
׵ûг֣׵۵״ȴΧĻƲΧ
ʱ˿̵ĻƲ죬ﻹаȫǱ֮Ĵ֮˼ֱɥʧ˶־һ㡣
ʵ̫ɶ񣬾Ȼʦ˵ز
׵۵ĵ״ֲףɫ˵
˺Բʲôö˺ĶԸʦܣп˲̵ĶԸˣ
һ׵۵ӳ˵
ҪΪʦֻع
׵۵״ǵȻվͬһߣԼʦˣһȫ
ոͻƲվս˶ûܿϾˡ
ֻԼԼƲʩչƷ׵ĲһˣȻžһν
Ȼ󣬻Ʋ˳԰еʱһΪȻ˴״̬
ȫޱߣֻһüͷ΢壬ǾҶ΢
Ҷ΢վȺУһۻƲ˵δؾˡ֪ڱеĶ֣˾ˣȻԾʦֵԸ񣬵Ȼܶ䡭ԣĺǱˣĻھʦѾ
˵˵
׵۵ĵһ״ӣǸӣΪ˼ΪԵһҶ΢Ȼ˵ʱŭˣŻʾڵΪǾʦܵʵǲģȻ䣬ȴʦܴҪôڹ㣬ҪôʲôɵֶβŻ˾ʦܣαؽȫúڰ
ʱǿʾԲŸտʼȻóȫ
Ҷ΢ԴʦǾȴѾǵ֣ٹ־ҪǰʮλãȻ˿֣϶ȫԸһ֪Ĳ٣صĺҿܾʦһ㶼֡
һɺԡ
һתȥλȥǱһ˰ɣ˷ضҪΪʦֻһ
飬ֲΪֱͬӱʾͬ⣬ҲߣȫͷʾҪһȥ
Ҷ΢ʮʦãǵ˳ڣҪ˵ڱչ˾ʦܰɣȥˡ
ʦֲǺ;ʦֹϵܺʦչ˺ˣ˵ʦֶԾʦֵŲʣ
Ҷ΢һֲף˵ˣʦֵΪҲδ̫¡
Ҷ΢ôһ˵ֲɫʱһף޺޵ȻҪչСŵģ˳Ǳߣʮʦÿɲվһߣ׵һӺδ棿
Էġ
Ҷ΢Ц˵
ߣ߰ɣ
һֱӴ˴߶ƣ˰ݷýѡݷóۣ

ڵʤ֮󣬾Ѿ֪׵Ǳ߿϶ưոݣǰǰ˳۵ڵĵط
Լһֱׯ԰һ𣬵ۣȴǴ̷ͬһսͥԺġ
Ҫݷã۵Ȼӭ
ܿͶͥԺٷλʦֱǰӭӡ
ٷһЦʦܣ벻㾹ܻ׵µĵھ״ӣʦִ۽磡

ҲһЦһΪȻҶ΢ˣҲƲĶ֣ȴ벻ϾȻŰˡ
ҽǻƲˣ׵Ǳ߿»鷳
ֱ˵˵Ŀģ۵ѡ
ûֳοǿʾУǻƲΪˣС£׵۲š
ٷνҡͷ˵ҪЩ״Ҳǳصģʲôµģ
ǣѵǿʾУֻ׼ˣ׼Ƕ֣
ҲЦˣûн׵۵˻ϣҪ֪ǿסгء
׵ǲܳұ鷳۵ȻܳɨԼǰ鷳
ĵʱ̷͵ͻȻˣɫ΢Щأ׵۵ĵһ״ӣˡ


898 
׵۵ĵһ״ӣԲСڲ˳۵ĵһ״ӣ̷
Ϊ̷͵˾һֱ޳Ѩ˵ĳԱ˽ⲢǺ
ͲһˣѾΪ׵۵״һٶ꣬ڲڸϣͷ
˵֮ڣгԱ˴¼˭ĻʾˣΪͷϣʵȻҲӹɵġ
ڣԴߣҪƲһ˵
۱˵Ȼ̷֣͵졢ǱԻˣպõˣʲô¶Եʡ
̷˹սͥԺĿռڣȻͿһȺһӵĴ´ڵǰ
Ϊ֮ˣӱ׵۵ĵһ״ӣ
󣬻Ů׵۵״ӣҶ΢ҲȻУ˵ķŭͬҶ΢ϴŵȴǵȻЦݣΪۡ
λ£
̷վǰ棬ס˼ǰУȻ󵭵ʵ
̷֪ˣ
⣬һǼΪԸŭһǵҾʦܴˣǷӦó˵
Ŷ
̷΢΢һЦֱӷʵʦܽʦܴˣʲôʱ£
̷ˣɣ
ɫһ᣺͸ոյ£˵㲻֪
ոգǾǿʾıˣ
̷˰ֵϳ£ɹֲñ̫ذɣ򲻹䣬ŲĻ׼˴ˣѵֻʦܻʤͲ̷ʦܻʤˣ
ƨ
һŭȵһʹ˼ΪʵֶΣܽʦˣαڵģֵҶţ
վһԣ˵Ļ̲סЦˡ
ʦ֣˵˲ʵֶ˻Ʋ죬㵹˵˵ʲôֶΣ
ֱ˵ķʵҩ似սЩֶѵֶΣռ䣬ѵһײɣ
˭֪㣿
һ۹ʵԵɱһ㣬ֱұǸʦһ˵
Ҫʲô˵
ɫȫ䣬ֱʵ
ʦǸʱ޷μӽȥıǿʾıԣ
һԣ̤ǿʾǰʮеĽҪʦܣ
һڳĳ״ȫЦˡ
Ҳ̫쿪˰ɣ
Ź֮ɫֱǸƾʲôҪԼĽøʦܣڱңʵãʦ׵۴ˣҲ˹ֵҪ
ңʦʦ𡣡
ɫһڣǲӦʲôӹ
ȫˣ
вң
⻰ɫˣʱһܺãǰɣʲôоֱʹˣһţ
µľǱвˣ磬Ѿûʲôв
ǿ
һ˵ʱЦһҸ쵹Ҫʲôôţۻ֮ɸҸһս
˷׷׽ĿͶ˹ȥһƤ꣬дŰȻ֮ɫи죬׵۵ĵ״ӣ۾ڵΪ
۾ڣԼսһʾڣ
ЦˣЦúܲã벻׵۵״Ӿ⸱С
ô㲻ң
Цһ
ңȻңԼսô٣ҲԼսС
ɫת䣺ⳡԼս˭˭һǲң
仰ٴȫ
Լս
׵۵״ӣ䱾ӵмǿԽսٲȵ۾ڵļ껿
ȻһԼսѵСӶԼţ
Ǻ£äĿžɵˡ
˿սʤԼȻҪԼսô֮ãǵãˣǿʾϵнǾʦܵģڳ˶Ϊ֤
ܺãǵĿĴˡ
˿û⣬Цŵ˵ͷȻиҲˣ÷ڣ⣬жΣ
Ϊ׵۵״ӣ϶ǺǮģȻԷΪʲôҪ
Է۵ӣô˵ĴԷ˾ںˣģûҪκӡ
кôã
챻⻰Ǻһ£ʱ㻹ΪӮңұӦ㣬кηǵýԼսۻӹⳡԼս
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ǺһЦˣӦ֪ⳡԼս϶Ŷԣ֮ǰԼսȺǴ˲ֵ㡣
ϣǰˣǿʾеĽһߡ
첻мЦ
Ը˵ͷ˱תѡȥǴеĿѾﵽˣֻҪʱ콫ܣһжֻˣҲǸƲ챨˳
ȥҶ΢ȴĿһۣͶһ΢Ц
΢ЦݣȻҶ΢ȥˡ
Ҳ֪΢ЦʲôƺҶ΢ûк׵״վͬһߡ

ʦܣ̫嶯ˡ
ߺ̷˲תҡҡͷ˵Ǹ죬ǵ۾ڵǿߣʵԻѰĵ۾۷ǿߣۻ֮ʵô죬Ҳﲻĳ̶Ȱɣ
ʦʦģġ
֪ҲΪԼãЦ˵һ䡣
ȻˣֻڴۻʱбȽϲջˡ
̷Ц򣬵ҲǺܵģǿʾǰʮڵʵӦûˣص㻹ǷۻϰɣӦ֪ۻһ飬һǰߴ֮һĳЩ˵ۻֻǸ۵ʢᣬЩ˵ȴǸĻԵһֱеõԵʵġ
˵ͷһúðյġ
ʵϣֻǻúðգߴ֮һ˽Գκһˣ
ߴ֮һǾʵǾ۵ߴ֮ͨһھǰǺ໥ϵֶΣӡġ
оȻӡϹޣκһͷųܵ߸磬ۻٰ쳡ھĴС
ڴУбս۵սǵ۾ǿ֮սûʲôϵˣ˾϶ȥ
Ϧ裬λᣬܹúõһأʹָϦʢջģ
Ȼ飬Ͳ˵̷ˣΪϾܣܣǶ˵
Լս֮ûʲô̫ѹصׯ԰ͥԺУȴǿʾһֱԵ
ֿʼֻܹʣİٶˣܿ챻ŵ˶ֵ֣ǰһ׻ʣ


899 ֲʵ
׻˺ܾˣϧײβ˶֪ľ嶯
ǿʾԵʱҲԹۿ׻ʵսû벻ڣռ侹Ȼŵ׻Ϊ֡
׻ʣ͵׳У׳ص͵ٵĻʾ۷ǿߣ
ĸ죬׳أѶȫޣҪ֪׵䣬ֻѯ׻һˡ
뵽㽫ȫ׵Ժֱӽս
սһƬԲĺϿգһ۾˶ʮһΡȻӰǱ׻ˡ
׻ʴˣڿս֮ǰһ㣡
ֱӳ׻ڴһ䡣
Ŷ
һΪˬ׻ڴл˵ɣ˵͸ˣ
׻ʶԼʵôţ
ΪȣעĲǹԼϢֱʵ׻ʴˣǷǰƫԶĸյ죬͵ȥ׳أҸ׶ʮǰ׳أѶȫޣǷ֪Ϣ
⻰һ˳׻ǱöûʲôӦ
ʱ䣬׻ʲЩķʵӣ
ǰҸף
Ȼ٣벻׻ʹȻԼĸףô˵˺п֪Լģ
ҡˣ
׻ƺ˵ȴе˼ɣֱ˵ܻңǿʾ֮ұԵãһУǲҶ֣Щ黹ԶҪ֪ĺã
⻰ϲǲΰ롣
׻ʵĻˣ϶ûǸϢǼȻûΪʲôûлĸױ
˵Ȼû״ҲǺܺãֻǱܵʲôƣ
ȻҪˡ
˵
սʤ׻ʣĻ൱ģϾǿʾ׶ΣǻûʲôĶ֡
׻˵ǰʵΣûôϡ
Ȼܿ죬ͷԼˣǴش׻һֱǳ͵ɽˮӣʵȴǿף
٣˫һ֣ܹ϶׻ʵʵԳԽ֮ǰսסƲ֮ȫҶ΢չֳ
Ϣһȴ׻ԶԶٻһ߽⣬һЧûܲ
ȻֶΣ̫˵㣬
׻ʿýˣԿǸ壬˴һɫӣи׵ӡǣ׵ӡǣȻҶ΢ͷϵһģһ
Щ죬̲סʵǰҶ΢ʲôϵ
Ҷ΢˵׵۵ǸŮ޵ӣ
׻ҡҡͷҲʶûκιϵСӣҪҲŶԣңһܶණҪУЩԶ֪ˣڣսɣ
׻ʻ£һȻһгϮ
һΪоУܹ˶ɷ飬оȻ̺ޱȿֲƻƻĲΣԶյֶΣ
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жʱ𾪣ʵֶΣϼʶʱʩչʵֶΣֱӾͽӰɱ
ڣ׻ʾȻҲʵֶΣҴʱֱûʵֶԸ
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ֻһǵѾǰȻûи˿Ӧʱ䣡
һֻ̣üȡȻ߶ʩչֶΣ
ǵȻ̫żƷսϣȻȻײϣϸС糯ըѿֱӻɾ룡
ɾ룬һ𣬶ԷһлʵֶΣȻֱӽ˵Ѫĳ̶ȣѾܾûиܹˣ
˭˵ⳡǿʾԣȫ״ӵ£׻ʵʵԳҶ΢ڵЩˣ
Ѫ̲ס뵽
֮ǰ֮Դû׻ʵսΪս̫죬˸ûս
Ҫ֪һ㱻һн˵ˣ
׻ʣϾʲôܣ
ֱӽ˵ǿʾǿˣеƾҪ˻ܡ
Ϊֻл׻ʣŻܹ֪Լ䣬Լ׻صĳЩܣ
󣡡
һ£˲̤˹ڲռ䣬ֱʩչƣ׻ڴɱȥ
ХһƻΪֲģ֮ǰԸսסƲʱУֱӾܽɷ顣
ǿһУ
Ҫ֪̫żƷսԶϵս
δһֱܹ׻ʣȻٶȼ죬ܹ͸˲ִԷڣϾҪһʱģ׻ʣܹ㿪һУʩչһеʱѾ׼˺У¶Է㿪
ǣ𾪵ǣ׻һоȻ޶ͷ
ٺ٣вӣ
׻ˬһЦ̫ϣ
ֻһ̧֣һ׵ϱڳǰֱӺ֮䣡
ƺȻν̫ϣȻֱӽֵסʹԸһ̫ϾȻˣ
ˣ
׻ʹһЦͻȻһǵֵס̫ϣȻȻ
ڲռ䣬̫ϵ׵Ȼ͸뵽ڣϮ
׻ʵʵȻ˿ֲ
˵ʵȫû׼Ҫ˿ֲĴڣ׻ʣһ򵥵Ļʾޣ
ϾżΪ˵ܣܣȵϾ۵ĴУ
ӼҪսʤ˵ȻҪ׻ʷǳѣ׻ʣ֮ǰһϢûʵǿʾһָģǵһ
Ҷ΢ʱѹȲ׻ʱʮ֮һ

һֱ̧֣ڲռ䣬»صսأȻСԼС
ţ˲ĸʵĺͼڣʼճϮ̫ϡ
Ȼĸͼڣ޷赲̫ϳΧƣ׹⾹˲佫ĸͼո
û㣬ûôܣ
þƿȥ鿴̫ϵ㣬ܿ𾪵ķ֣Ȼ޷ҵ̫е㣬̫ϣȫ̬ǱΧɣ


900 
̫ΧֻʩչһֶˣǾİӰ֮ͨ
нͨİӰ֮飬ܹκʱαװκɨ壬һ㳾һ
ڣΪİӰ֮͸ˣαװκ壬αװκ
磬ǰ̫ϡ
Ѹ԰Ӱ֮齫̫ɨһ飬Ȼһ˾ͻ̫һ״̬һ˸ĵ⣡
ڲӰ֮ռУ߶̫⳯ⱼȥ
ǵ⣬ֱӳ̫УȻûκ谭
ȥ
һ£ֱûǵ⳯Χȥֻһʱ䣬⾹Ȼ̫ϵİΧȦ
ԼҲܲܣΪֻ֣αװһʱ̫ϣȫĵˡ
Ӱֶ֮ο޽⣬ʵǿֲһʱ䣬ȫһա
Ŷ
׻ʼӳ̫ϵİΧȦʱǰһʩչֶΣδŵģ
Ȼܹģ̫ϵӶ̫дһֶ޵ˣ
ֻҪóֶΣκιЧ
һĺܴ󡣡
׻һ۾Ϳڽƣߵ״̬΢΢һ̣ɵСˡ
ţֻһ̧֣̫ٴΧϰΧڵȴڽŵ޾С
޾ˣֻܱڵĺͼڣ
һ֮ǰսʮͼڣʱֱӽе˲ȫ
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ٴλһ磬̫г˳̫ϸס״̬µ
ֱӱڵͼڣٴ磬ȻֳУմԽֶΣ
һѸٵ˰ʮ￪ľ룬Ȼٶȶ
ˣ
׻һ㶣漴ЦһЦǿߣСҲˣܴǰܵСҲ԰ˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ׻ʵĶ֣ȫǼֲһˣ̫ϵֲ̫ûܹƵġ
ȴƽ̫һУ׻Ϊ͡
һսս߼࣬ϰؾǿ߼ȫڹۿⳡսۣԹ۲ⳡս
벻ܺ׻ʿôãǲ򵥣
һĿռУһͷѩɫƮƮʥ˫ۣǰս׻ʵһĻΪ졣
ô˵СӶ׻ʵĶ֡
һȫ׵׵ۣˬʵЦһЦ˵
ֻۣ֪׻ʵʲô
ܿ׻ʵزѾܲˣɾͱض֮¡
ҲǺͰЦһЦ˵
׵ۣոտǽĵھ״Ӵˣ㻹˿
һԱڵħ۵˵
Ǹ˲ţҵ״гһҶ΢ûһȵġ
׵ȴ˿Ϊ˵ǵӣԼǿʾ˼ңҲûʲôԹģѧղˣ
㵹ǿÿϧ״Ӳô롣
ħЦš
νӿ϶ǳԣкô
׵ҡҡͷȻ뵽鵱ȥ
û֪ھ۶ڹע׻ʵսʵУǿʾıԶûʲôͷģΨһĿҲ˭̤ǰʮˡ
ڣǰʮ֮ս۾ѾעȻǶ׻ʼΪˣ㻹׻ʶ㣬˾Ͳö֪ˡ

ԭѾһһƷ죡
ǿһƷҪ󼫸ߣҪܹԵģĶﵽ弶ϡ
԰Ѿ൱Ϥ֮ǰ޹ŵʱʹϦд裬ʩչܶˣֻʱ䣬˰
Ҳʱ׻ʴԶͬһ׷
ɣ̫ף
׻ʹЦһֱ̧֣ӳӳһö׹⣡
úƿɨһɨö׹⣬֪ö׹ڴκζ֮󶼻ᱬرȶұըΪֲܽǿըɷ顣
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ֱһھϢǿֱӽö̫ڰֲɨƬؼ䶼̫׵
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׻ʱȻɢγһԼٻȻܿ׻ʾʹ˰ı߽硣
죬
һȣΧ˲䱬γ˰˵һ˲׻ϣ˵ֱֳͬɫÿһĳԵһȻ׻˶Уǰסһ㡣
׻Ӳɫһ䡣
ȻСӣȻ˳Ԥϣ
죬һƷǿֶ֮һڲŻʾڣ׻ʵһؾ磬ʩչа죬Ҳʹܽѹʱ䡣
ʱڣ׻ʸκ£ֻĿĹٵԼϡ
˵Ĺס׻ʵΣסȥưѹҲҪʱ䡣
Ȼ׷Źʱ䣡
Ϣ
ƣ
һھϢȥٴȡ׻һתŷײȥ
Ƶö˵ܹɱʾ޵ģġҶ΢ǱһУҲκҴĿܡ
ڣ׻ʱѹסǷᱻһֱӻɱ
𾪵鷢ˡ
תϮȥײ׻ϣֱӽײѪȻתŵȴûܴ͸׻ʵƤҲ˵һжûܶ׻ʲô̫˺
׻ʣǿȾԱһֲ
һʱ䲻࣬ץʱ䣬콫׻ʻܣһ̣һϮ
׻ĿһתŷײһĨɫһеƻ׻ʵ󣬲˹ƾֵܵΡ
ܷųʩչĴΣȻ׻ʾͲ䡣
ңʱƿѹܸĴλᣡ
׻ˬһЦȫ׹ⱬɢȻҪƵڶƹû׻˸أùһ㡣


901 ׻
ʩչÿһζ׼ȷĺ׻ʵţȴûܵκˣ
ֲǿޱ𾪣ȴҲܵ׻ʲҪˣȻֶڶ࣬绹ֻлʾ۷壬վṳ̂۾
ƣ
ʱ׻ʴһ˲һ׹ⱬɢİ˵׺飡
ʱ䣬׻Ƴ˰ѹ
Ȼ𷴹ȴͻȻһɭȻ׻һ˲䱻壡
Դ֮壡
պڶԷƿͬʱһо壬Դ֮ȻϮֱ׻ûκη֮
ƣƣ
ٴδ߶̫żƷսԲ˵֮ǰû׻ˣĴΣȴѾܵ׻Ѿ˼ޡ
ڴԷ֮ǰȴʶļһЩ
˵ôһӺȥ׻ʱɣȴ׻ˣϾ˺йأŴ̽һЩϢء
Ȼ˻Ʋǰ֮׻ʵڶλᣬҪ׻ʻ䣬ɾҪóԼյɱˡ
ǾӰϵھżʱ򣬿ʼһƷˣǿܶ࣬ƷҲһƷʮ
һó׻ʾ֮أţʵ˿ֲ϶ǻƲûӵĴ
Ĵƣֱӽ׻ײɳȥŴһ̯ѪȻ˶˺ˮС
󣬾ЧһӰֱӳ˺棬˵׻ʡ
СӣȻһ֣׻ʷˣ
׻ˬʵĴЦǿʾһã֪ȫ㣡
˵仰׻һĨ⣬ξʧ
ʾⳡսʤ˵׻ѡ䣬Ǹ΢˿
ȴδⳡսȻ˼ѣ㱩¶еĵƣսϲ˵ģ׻ˡ
ָоոյĴû֣Ҳδɱ׻ʡ
׻ʣʵ̫ˣǳڴʱԷĽ

׻ˣڲ˵ûʲôԤ֮Уۿȴȫ˼顣
׻ʻμÿһǿʾԣÿһζٵǰʮŻ䣬ʵαضһС䣿
ȫŻ׵۶Դ൱ѽ⡣
ϵȷʲô֮
۳˵Ǿ͹ܲˡΪۣܶණȫǵ֮У
Ͳ֪ʲôܣ
һںڰеħζƵʵ
Ҳô룬Сҵ״ӣұһֱӻֱ뿪Ϊֹڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳ⡣
һ˵
һ㣬ǵȻ
ħЦһǵ״ӣԼս˭Ҳܶ
۾һ۵ĶҪǴ磬ԻһȻ󲨣Ǵ̶̵ļԻͿԿʵϲƿš
ۣڼɵһЩδ֪
⣬ڲʣֻҪ۵״ӣ˾ͻƴȫıԼûʸ񶯡
֪۵״ӿ϶һ㺬壡
ֻϧ磬Ҳֻۻ֪Щ˵һЩڸϣ֪ܵܡ
ۣĳѡͳĴ

սʤ׻֮սʤһʮţʤ̤ǿʾĵڰ֡
ڣֻܹʣ˻ս׻ڰܸ֮ٴλˣ̤ͬ˵ڰ֡
ʱ˿̣˼ȴѾȫǿʾˣ֪ƾڵʵ̤ǿʾǰʮǰٷ֮ٵ顣
ģǹ׻ʵ顣
׻ʵݣ϶ûô򵥣ʾΪȻʵֶΣӵ˿ֲǿȣԽ
Ҫ֪̫żƷ似壬似ʹǰ似⣬һָ似
ǣȲ׻ʣʵ𾪡
ѵ׻ʵ⣿
һͷͦпܣϾۻ֮ǿĵһǿʾǰʮһȥ̽ߴ֮һ
˵ܹģ
Ҳ˵׻ԾǴڵġ
ΣͲ֪ˣ֪׻ʺԼ쾿ʲôϵһֻܵȵǿʾ֮׻ӦûὫٶ
µ񣬷ֶθñ¶Ķ¶ˣڽȥսУҲûҪٲҴˡ
ʲô֣ٶȽ
졢塢ƣֶνʩչһЩܹԿ۾ĻʾҲֵסһУ׷䡣
ڻһʮţֻһ˵̤֮һ֣ΪǿʾԵʮǿ֮һ
һ֣ǰٴθֳһб
ǿʱ򣬲˵˺ڻȫʤģڣǰбУȫʤֻʣˡڵҶ΢ģ
ǶҶ΢ģҲһĳɼȫʤ֮
˶ʼоб
ȫʤڵҶ΢ģȫ۵״ӣΪǿʾ
Ȼһģ׻ڣԼһЩϣǰʮţҩеսףҲһʥۺ׵۵״ӡ
ʥ۵״ӣأһҶ΢͵ŮʵȴǲҶ΢ƺ˺ڵһ
׵۵״ӣ˾ͣһʮ꣬츳Բ˵ֻϧһ
бǿʾǰλûѾȷˣܶʱ󻹻б仯˵ǲûзſע
ٲμӹܶǿʾ֪׻ǸˣֻҪ̤ǰʮȻͻ䣬ѾǿʾҲǶʮһˡ
УıˣȻһսܣǶҶ΢ʱĹ䡣
Ӻ׻ʵսҶ΢ûóʲôʵȫֵĻһҶ΢Ķ֡
ܵ˵˴ǿʾű춼ҪһЩұ˭õһ
ȥڵҶ΢˵ʵҲѲ²⣬Ͼ໥ûϹ˭֪˭ǿһЩ


902 ǰʮ֮ս
ҩеĹսͥԺС
ս׺ս׵𽥸ֳĶ֣ɫһ䡣

촽һ˫ҵ͸ſϧ֮ɫСףҪˡ
֮ǰս׿Դսʤڿ׻ʵǳս֮ս˵̫ǿЩûʲôսʤ
㣬Ҳ̫Сˡ
սͲˣˬѵҪֱȨɣⳡˣкֻҪʤһ̤һ֣οһһһ
㲻֡
϶˵
һҪԡ
ս˵仰ֱϵѡ˽ܣ
ʱĬۿս׵α뿪ֻεҡҡͷС׹Ȼľ̫Уס

ʱҲЩ죬벻ȻٴŵսףԵ
һκս׶սʱڶԸֶܶζûóҪصڲãڣûҪˣñ¶ĶѾ¶ˡ
׻һս֮󣬲ŵѡȨսûȨΪ⡣
ѡ˽ܣܿ챻͵սռȥ
εսռ䣬һƬɽΣɽƣЩɽʵܹδ޵̽ͨ
ʵϣİӰ֮ҲǱεģоƿأ
ھƿصĸ£Ӱܹ֮̽⵽ԲռڵϸԺлƳһĵͼ
ܿ죬ҵսڵĵطֱմԽ˹ȥ
ҰսƿܹƽüرĳЩȽϻҵĻУˮǳɡ
ڱУûҪˣҲܻܶԷûҪһ١
㾹
սһӸܵԼĿռʱѾսһȻ֪öԸ
ȴҲû뵽ȫȻ᲻öԸ̶ȡ
ûعͷȥһıԴ֮ͺȻ嵱
ʱ䣬սûκζѹ֮ɫʱòҰףΪ󲻵ʮɴϾĿ
ȷҪȥĻҲӦҵֶΣɱ˵ֶΡ
Цһ˵
ոˣϾֻǱԣҲŪοԺׯ԰չýһʥиҩкһң˫ϵŪ̫
սȫð亹һӽŵװڶֱš
ոձ˶ã
һ

ǶãԼɱģ
ս׿ɲԼֵܹסȫҪȻһҲˡԭԼпսʤģڿ뷨ֱǿЦ
ڵʵֻҪӻ־ܸɵԼˣ
ҡ䡣
ս׼ΪԸˡ
ֱ֪Ȩˡ
սţҲãʵԺĻͲóȻˡ
һɻʤ
һսһʮĻʾ۷ǿߣʵףȲսףȻĶ֡
һֽܹ֮ʣʮǿ
ȥıı䣬ʤƣһֶʤ˾Ҫ̭ÿ˶ܹ֮ǰȨ
ŵ˭ͱ밲ŵĶսҪô̭Ҫôսʤ֣ûеڶѡ
׶Σ˹עȻǰʮˡ
ռİŻǺܹƽģһУֱȫʤֿգʣʮһһŶսǰǿ֣һ־ǿǿԾӶǿǰ̭
һս˵ǺɵģֱӻһĻʾ۷ޣ̤һС
׻ʣͬɽսס˾͡صţҲ׷׽
սȻΣʵȷףʤ㻹ǺܸߵģԻһ·
ڣȫֻʣºڵҶ΢ȫʤʮˣ
һ֣ڵҶ΢ļֿգʣʮҪʤߣһ֣ǰʮ֮ս˭ʤкܴ̤ǰʮ˭˾ǰû취õҪĽ
ռ俪ʼÿ˰Ŷ֣ܿͿԼĶ֡Կɵ۹Ůӣ
Ů֮ǰսҲľҪȻԵüΪֻҪԣѲǣűߵġ
˿̣ϵϢʱһ˵ע⡣
ȻԵģɲǿܻʤģҪ־Ϊᶨ֮ǰ޵ʵǿȴȫݵʯȹ£ɻܣ
˵ǿʾ֮սУ˭սܣôһ
սɡ
ԼȴЦһֱӴ߶ƣԼ͵սȥ
Ȼģ˻еãԴȴܹ󲿷ߵģ־־ĥѼᶨиɻ
ԲѾʮֻأͱǧޱȼ㣡
ɲͬׯ԰ͥԺȴٴС
ΪĶֿ
Ů֮ǰսбֳĶ˳ΪȻͲСòȴһָģκԶӵм
ׯ԰ڣӾͶٴУȫ˼ⳡսϡ
һô죿
ر֡濡𰡢Ϧ衢ܰȵЩӣһĿתĶųУļΪţ
һԵķСɿźЦ̲סһôԼϳҪţ
Ҫܣ
ܰһȴͷҲء
ن¡
ֵҲܲãȻǵڶʱԿˡ
Ǿͷĺˣɲּɫˡ
һˬ˵ҪȻĻͶˣ
⻰һʱ⵽ŮŭӣսǵҲûŶ˵ʲô
Ͼ˭֪Ŵ̼ͣ˵ʲôΪ棬ƽϵĻԻᱻ
УĶսһƬԭϣԲƸǶǸȽ϶ӵսء
˵֮ǰսУ񷽵µģɼⳡĶӣ
˵Ͻµ»Ʋ˵ûʲôνˡ
һӰ֮۴߶ֱӾ̽⵽˶ڣȻʵھʮ￪ĵطһ
ڲ󷨣
һۿĶȻԶʮڣƾƿأɿ˶Էж


903 
ľٶûʲô⣬ΪŮ֮ǰÿսʼʱ򶼻ԭز󷨣˵õһԻ󷨣ܹޱУұԵߵ
ƿ˵أ󷨵ƽԶˣ󷨵ûжپ¡
մԽ
ֱӴ߶ϵֶΣ˲䴩Խԣ
ͻȻֵһΪҪʮʱ䣬ڣսŸոտʼͳǰ
еĹȻڿռķӵкܸߵ裡
󣬿һŮӣִŮȷģޱȣһ͸һֳϢ
Ȼģ˵϶вԵڴŮС
Ȼվʲô;Ͼֻ־ȽϲЧԸģûʲôЧġ
С磬벻ô죬ūҶû׼ء
תε϶ʱֳһƬԵΪ߿ɰڲ֪䣬ͨѾ
һЩ־ᶨӣôһоͻЩҡӶ¶һЩϵ
ֻϧʽûã
һ仰û˵޶ҡһ̧̱ʩչֶΣִ֮ɭȻ̽˳ץ˹ȥ
ֶΣԸ׻ǿߵʱûʲôãԸȴǼΪЧģرһֱƾȻĵȡɲߵһھԾͱȽˡ
ҲֱӾͱôһӸɵˡ
ۿûбԼȻͨӰ죬Щ죬˸Ȥˣĺⳡսʤ߲л̤ǿʾǰʮһսܣǰʮԵ
ľ֣֮ѡʵԿֵ֮ĻûκĿܡ
ĿռȴǷǳͨһ˲Ƶʮ￪⣬ȴȻӲ׷ɱ
θʮ֣֮ӰͽͬʱĻ̽İ׹ֱۣ
Ȼ󣡡
ɫһûôףʱһ˸һɫȻ˲Ϯɢȫ
ЩɫȻûʲôȻãȴɹ
ٶ˴Ȼʼϣ㹻ʱ䲼󷨣ֻһս֮
ǣ̫Щ
ʵսľȻȻĸ֪ƿأȴһ˲ҵһеö䰵ǽը١
ȻЧ˲ʧǰ󲻹һʱ䣡
ŸϣǰһſڱǾϢɭϢֱֱ
Ȼô졭
ٶȸˣ
δƿԼľȻֻҪһʱģʦ𣬿ɵ۹һʦûʱܰѵȻЧϮ
ڿɵ۹ʦ𣬿һ۾۷ĳǿߣѾ۷ˣ
ȻһʾڵСӣȻֻһʱ䣬ƿľȻٶȼֱ
סʮʱ䣬л᲼ǱɱĻ󣬵ڿƾʵǸˣ̫ȫ̫
ǳǰʮĻᣬһʧܣ޻ˡ裬ˣ
ȴδʧȥϣӻȡһöƻõĵҩֱӷȥ裬֮ʩչĻ»ٶ
һٴʩչһЩȻͿֶѹסֻҪʱ䣬ܽɱóӶõʤĻᣡ
ֻϧκλᡣ
һͳҩֱüͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼʩչͬʱһ˷ԲɵķΧڡ
ֶΣڿСкУѾϷˣ۾ǿˣʱһ־ͽתص뷨ˡ
ռģ
Σ
룿
оϣǻ壬ʹĵ㹻ֱӽݻ֮⣬ûܴڲƿ
ˡ
˻裬ҲûκλᣬҪʲôҩ
;óг׳磬ڵȻۣͣϮȥ
ǳУ۶䰵ǣڴӹȥȴ۶
ֱܹۼһǧö䰵ǵʱһһǧö䰵ǣ
ֲըȻⶼǧö䰵ǱըֱƷɢ˵еˣ
һƵıĻ֣Ȼһ󱬷ûκΰ취ֻˡ
þǿս̫ˣѹ¸ûκΰ취
˿Ӯˡ
ⳡӮ̤֮ǰʮһǿֱֵֿҶ΢ڵģʮ̭ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰʮҪһ˸̭һ쳣ҵ̭
ÿǿʾʱʣµǹ̶ģռʱʱ乫Ĺû˿ԸģҲС
ռ乫Ĺ򣬻˵ϣ˶Կȥ̭
ܹʮһˣҪ̭һˣ̭˱ǵʮһ
ѾǷǳˣǰʮȴһСһС;˭ᶪһѵõᡣ
ʮһˣǰʮڱصã
ܿ죬ǰʮ̭Ĺˣͷһģڻʣʮһˣʮһˣÿ˶Ҫ˴һҲ˵ÿҪսʮ
ʤһԼһ֣հÿõĻ˳
Ҳ˵ʮһҲô;ǻ͵һڶȵһ
վԣŹ˵ô˵ڿʼѾǾˣһλÿ˶Ҫսʮʣÿһ뾡ȫУֻҪκһҲξͻ½ü
ǻУܹƽ
˵ͷ
ĶȻö˵ʲô򣬷Ҫõһģȥʮսȫʤ
ȻǰʮܵõǰߴأһĻᣬǿʾһǳʮĽһصġ
򵥵˵Դսҩ似ȵȣЩׯ԰ڷչҪĶõǿʾһׯ԰չ̬Ӧû൱
֮ׯ԰ķչͻ᲻ôˡ


904 սʤ
˾ʼ֮ǰǿʾԵĴƾͷǳˡ
ǰʮһǿ˷ֱǡ
۵ĵ״ӣԱѩʳׯ԰
ڵħ۵ĵڰ״ӣ츳ߡ
Ҷ΢׵۵ĵʮ״ӣ׵ӡǣ׵ƿԶˡ
ģ۵ĵ״ӣͬԱѩʳΪġƿߡԺĵƿؼΪֲ
սףʥҩУϺ󱲣Ⱥ
أŮǰΪʥ۵ĵڰ״ӣ֮ǰս˺ڵһʵȻɲ⣬Զ
˾ͣ׵۵ĵ״ӣΪƢ𱩣ԻΪ̣һ
׻ʣѾμǿʾΣÿһεĿ궼ֻ̤ǰʮʵΪףɲ⣬һǿʾж֮⣬δ˹ڱġҶ΢ѡֱ֣ѡܿ
ϰ֮⣬ˡ
һ̫꿣̫۹һŮһ·ڣʵ϶ףǰøպú׻ʶϣֱӱ׻һбƵ䡣
ڶˮŸ裬һˮ½ڵ꣬˾ǸСһȴս֮£ʤ֮֮ǰıаܸҶ΢
ǲ
ǲǸȽģΪյǳŹ֣͵۾ǿ߲֮ƣݣг֮ӡ
ܹʮһˣҪǿʾվֻһ˻ᱻ̭޷Ϊǰʮǫ̃ͬĻᣡ
վ֮ǰսпֻʮһ˵㣬ڿʼս
֮ǰʤһнû̫Ĳο塣
磬Ҷ΢䣬վУ϶ȫԸԸκˣ׾
ֻȫʤɻõһ
Ŀǵһ
һԵһΪĿģڵҶ΢ģɶõǿʾԵһģ˿϶Ķ֡
Ϣ֮վĿ¿ʼˡ
ʮһ˽վܹһһʮսÿжʮҲÿÿ찲ܹꡣ
ڿս֮ǰû֪սΣҲû취ǰԤ׼
ֱվʼһĻ˲ŵõ˶սš
һսսףڶս׻ʡ
ǰһ˶ֹĶ֣Ȼȫ˵һ죬Ҳ֪˻᲻վ㾪ϲ
뷨ûܵóѡ
ս׾Ͳ˵ˣ֮ǰȫԸ֣ϳȻһ仰û˵ϾͶʾ䣬йս֮˴ʧ
սײ˵ʲô
Ȼ˲ûֱˣ
ĶҪȻ϶ʱͻ˵ĻˣҪ֪վÿһսǼΪģһһпܱ̭ǰʮȥ
׻ʣǻǺܼɵġ
Ȼ֮ǰ׻ʼȻˣһҲʲôĿֻ̤ǰʮˣԲҪÿһʤֻҪѡԵʤͿˡ
˽䣬ھĵһ춼û֣ܶϰȫǳʧ
õǣȻûͷսȴǺܾʵģ
ڵһ죬ڵֱӶϣ˶Ǵ˴ζڵĺߵѡ֮һʱ˿̶ϣʤпܹϵչھ֮λ
ȻǶֱˣʵҲû̫⣬˵עȫ˺ڵ˵Ķսϡ
ڵҪǰӰģͬʱҲ൱ĿռġԪߺһսΪֲ
ȫħ緢·ħͷĶ±ѹסʵɲֹ
֮ǰսУڵֱħѹֵܽסһ룬Ȼӻ־ͽֻܡ
ȴ֮ǰԵЩ֣ǺһεĶ֣
Ȼħѹʵȴû̫ܵӰ죬溮ԽԽ࣬ħӰҲԽԽС
ܿ죬˶úˣһֻ˲䴩͸ħϣźڵȥ
˫ħͺ໥ײսռвһУֶβ
Ҳϸۿ˵սУҲѾǿֶ֮һˣǲ֪˻ʲôɱʩչ
Կ϶˵ս׽
ڵĳս˰ʱûзֳʤʱ˿̣ڵڴӻȡһѺɫսսȻϹżƷļ
⻹״μֳϹżƷսͬҲǴڵһμȻҲ˭һ۾ͿǰѺɫƷġ
ԵģҲʾȻòϹżƷսȴʩչһϹżƷ似
ĻΧΧγһֲУڵʩչĸȫ˽ȥ⺮мףڵ˺ܴѹ
ͬս似϶Ҫ΢һģȻÿ˫ϳ̶Ⱥ似̶ȵĶԱȡ
˫ս似Ͳ࣬һ˵ܽսϵ˫Σ似˵Ǽ򵥵öࡣ
ԣͬ似ļֵ϶Ǹսġ
кڵĵսһĻѾϹżƷ似˻ڵȴδеĺɫ˫ֻϵĲΣֻսϵĵΰˡ
ԣ˫ֶʩչУȻڵҲϹżƷ似еϹżƷɫսҲû취ѹסģĴýڽڰˡ
˫´ս˽ʱĲ΢ƽڵѹסڵ䡣
ܹʤҲΪսʼһƣȻΧһƣƲսڵѹơ
ٴһĻ˭ʤ˭һǺڵģûа˵ʤ֡
һսĿתֱշֳʤ˲˿߰յİһ
Ҫ֪ս϶кܶעģֻҪͨעˣǳ㡣
ںڵģѺעǲģҲ˵˭ʤ˭նһȺӮǮҲһǮ
Լϳ֮ǰҲׯ԰óһЩʽעѺԼʤʲߣעҲûӮ١
ҺͺڵǴʱȫѺҰɣǣкܴջʤ
˶˵
Ļ濡ܰϦȻŵģʱ۷Ź⣬ǷƵһ;ǲõǿʾھĽ
뵽ׯ԰˶ʼڴǼλǿˣֻеǼλʱʲŻߣҲֻʱʼ׬Ǯʱ


905 ڴ
һսܿͽˣĿɾǺڵսĵһսĻʤ
˵սʤиҶ΢׻ȴȫʤǵһս󣬾ֻʣȫʤֱˮŸ衢ġҶ΢һƲ
ˣʥ۵ӳء׵۵˾̫͡۹̫꿡ҩеս׵ˣʤиҳһš
˭ڣ˭ᱻ̭ڻǿ˿ơ
ŵڶս֮¾ܿܶණˣ
ڶսŵǶսʥ۵״ӣŮأԼ̫۹̫꿡
гۻýУ̤˵ڶʮ㣬ӶΪʥ۵ĵӣʵֻϧǲκλġ
̫꿴Ů̫۹ûκκøС
ȽеǶսʥ۵״ӳء
Ůһ𱻴͵սռУҵ˶ԷλãʩչմԽ˲ڶԷ̧һ
عı˲ƿӭȴһƬޱȵľ⣬Լ޾ľĵ档
ǣŮĹȻԾľһĿã⻹һʱ㱻Ƶ
ֻòþˣֱȡһȻøֶǣŶԷ䲻ʩչƣһнֱƵ䡣
һгʱյ÷ǳһһ㶼пܱضڳظյֵһоϢʱ򣬳ȴû취㿪ˡ
ź³Ů̬Щʱ׻һһôôأ
ôҲʥ۵״Ӱô˾ôأ
رӾȻŻʾڵΪǶˡ
ս̫꿡
̫꿺̫۹ĸ߲һ̫۹İۣ˵Ů̫Ԩĺ󱲣һϳûҪԷᡣ
մԽ
Դ֮壡
ƣ
򵥵У˲ƿԷȻԾֶνԷסʱ䣬̫꿸ûκη
׼ʱ䣬ʩչƣһн̫꿱Ƶ䡣
ʤ
ŮսûʲôҲߣȻׯ԰˶עˣȴҲû׬٣ֻǵ㻨Ǯˡ
һͷϷĶսҶ΢
죬Ķսڵսʤ˺ڵѵһս֮һͺ첻̫һˡ
Ҷ΢ͷ׵ӡǣһĵʱҶ΢ֱӷһöҩǿԼ׵ĵ
ȻҲ˵ҩȴǷõһ̣Ҷ΢ǿһиˣôһƣ֮սоͲϱĵԽԽ
Ҷ΢Ҳûи˿ᣬڲһʱ֮Ҷ΢ʤ
ȫսޱⳡʵսⳡսׯ԰˶ûעΪʵǲ֪˭ջʤ
˫ʵڲ֮䣬κⶼпܵһʧܣпֻһССء
һʼƣΪҶ΢ʵĵҩʩչһǿͨĴˡ
Ȼֻˣôһ⣬Ѿ㹻֮Ҷ΢ĳѹơ
ⳡս˭նڣΪ˿еŻ⣬ʣսʤ˺ڵȴҶ΢ܣҶ΢ڵĿһЩ
ڱȫʤսĿɲֹҶ΢һ
Ҷ΢֮⣬Ҳȫʤ⣬ˮ½ڵˮŸ衢еļƲҲȫʤ
˵⼸ȫʤΪŵĶֽʣ⼸˵ӲʵǺǿģȻҲھжȫʤ
ȻˮŸ裬ǼƲȻڻȫʤǶٽսġ
ƲսʽΪر𣬾ǲͣĶܶԷȻ;壬Է˾˵ݵսʽѰ޷졣
ˮŸ裬ˮ½ڵ꽣ͣ൱ᣬóֵȥԽԲǷǳǿңҪȴǳѣΪˮŸֵܹȫĽΪѲ
ˮŸΪֹĳսȫ̵Ľ࣬ÿһҪϺüʱĵս֮һ
ˮŸʵȴû˸СƣΪƺǿǿ˶ǳڴˮŸĵȶǿߵʱı֣
˶ԴĿԴ
ڶսû̫ȥĿͱ֮ǰöˡ
찲ŵսокڵսҶ΢
ˣһħ۵״ӣһ׵۵״ӣ˻ͬһȥۻýһ̤˵ڶʮ˲ġ
ǿһֱڲ²⣬֮ǰһʱڣһֱڱȽ˵ǿ
Ȼ˴ûսԸû֪ڵҶ΢˭ǿһЩ
죬յҪˣ
һս֮⣬սҶ΢սˮŸ裡
⽫ΪսرҶ΢ⳡսѾڴܾˣԴ֮ǰ̭ʱҶ΢˶ţҶ΢ʵǿ
ⳡսûʼѾкܶ˿ʼעвΪǿȴҶ΢ǿ
Ҷ΢׵ӡǣĶˣġ°ܽûпܻŶԡ
עʾͳˣѺҶ΢ʤһһѺʤʾȻߴһɼ˶ȽϿ
Ϊ˵ȴׯ԰ˣȫעѹԼϡ
УϦ̫۹׬ңȫѺעʤ棬һʧܣھ͵ǴˮƯˣһʤϦ轫ջʮң
Ϧ֮⣬ׯ԰ҲȫעѺϣǹעһˡ
УֻҪԼģôܻκˣһҶ΢ʲô
ׯ԰ߵˣԱѩʳȽ׽ļųıˣȫעѺϡ
Ѻң˵ǷǳӴһʲƸˣɼĶʮ㡣
ģ˭ܻùھĻ϶˵Ϊʶĺ磬Զ츳˸
۵ڵĹսͥԺУ̷졢ٷ硢ҲѺһңǶԼ˵Ĺһǽʸ˲١
ںܿ죬Ҷ΢ǷҲһʽע룬ʽɾ׵۵״ǣսʤάһ


906 ̫ӡ
սĿ㻹ֹڵҶ΢Ҷ΢⻹ˮŸ衣
ˮŸˮ½һţǿʾлû⵽ܼΪĽǧֵκζֵʱ࣬ԷĥòˣʩչһЩǿֶλܶԷ
ˮŸһսԵĶˣܶҲڲ²ˮŸ˭ʤ˭Ȼ˶ҪһЩȫѺעϡ
ѺעˮŸϵҲ٣ˮŸʸպһһҲѺжӮ١
һҶ΢˵ǹؼһ졣
Ȼ֮ǰսսʤģսʤ˺ڵͿʤڵˣοҪս
ʼգҶ΢ΪǿĶ֣û֮һ
죬ھҪֳʤһԼʦЦĽԼҶ΢൱ޣΪԲһԼ˸Ȥ
ڽⳡսսʤĻ˵ᡭ
ʲôء
Ҷ΢ҡҡͷ֮Ů֮飬ܶ֮·ܸĴۺѡ
ںľԼǱ֮ǰҶ΢뿼Ů֮£һ㵹Ǻ뷨˶١
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˵УҶ΢ձ͵ɭɽȣ̾Ͷһ£漴΢΢üͷ
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ֹǱƣ㿴һ£ɽж䣿⻷ƺͦʺģİӰ𣿡
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Եһۣ΢΢һ̣˱ֱαװһȻ׾ٵĻУ
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ԣֻóԼһֱûóɱˣɱﵣĵʱûóġ
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907 󣺾Ԩ
Ҷ΢ɱﵣ̫ӡҲԥʩչԼɱﵡ
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󣺾Ԩ
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Ԩ԰Ӱ۾ӰѺۣӵ֮ÿһӰѺ۵ƻԽֶʮ
ӰѺ˲аֱӶſֲ׹̫ӡ
󣬾ԨѾǿֶΣˣӰѺںһ𣬾Ȼûܹ̫ӡѹס
ֲ׹Ȼ˸ö̫ӡ˲䱬Ϊҫ۵Ĺâйսߵȫ
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ڽߵ͸޷Щ۵Ŀֲ׹⣬ֻܱ˫ۣþƿȥ̽ΧһС
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һö̫żƷ˵ҩ˵󲻵ļ۸񣬵磬ȴ㽫Щ¶
˽¸Ҷ΢ãԽ˵ԼɵˣԼȻΣȴܽ⼶ĵҩ¶֪Իᱻܶ˶ϣ鷳
ׯ԰ͱѩʳˣʼҶ΢˵Ϣȥ΢ᣬҲɲʲôشӰ졣
ϢռģȴǴ׵״ͥԺдϢ
˶Ҷ΢֮ǰѪһĻԺܶǰʺҶ΢ʵǴ̽ϢõһϢҶ΢ˣ
ϢǾޱȡ
׶˾ʩչʲôֶΣŻᵼĽʤҶ΢䣡
ݷõȫʾֲ֪أ׵״Ҷ΢ʵ˷ŭ
˾ۼ׵״ڵͥԺУԷŭȻ֮ǰ͸ϵܲõ׵״ǡ
ֲסˣһϴŷŭ֮ɫ˵֡С˵ĵˡ
Ҳʱǵͬʱһʾݷã


908 ݷ
յݷõϢʱȫһ㶣Ȼû뵽Ȼҹ
Сӣʲôѵҫǣ
׵۵ϯ״ӣɫһΪˬ˵
ľʦܻƲ챻ˣṳ̂ǿʾǰʮλãʮʦֱˣȥսԲμˡ
һӦǣ϶ҫģҪȻʲô
ɲǸ
ڴҶڣСҫԻΪʸ֮ģûǿʲôɡ
׵۵ĵڶ״ӣףһľӢŮӣ˵
һҲԡ
תͷȥһΧͥԺпɲֻǼ׵۵״ӣʮĴôǰҳƣ϶ʲô³
ǣ˵ͷֱӵǱɣ
ֱ֮ͬӳͥԺ֮УΧϰԸǿǰ
ֵӰֻһˣòһ㶣ǻΪһȺ˹أȴû뵽ֻһ
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ͥԺУ̧ͷΧɨһۣͼ˲Ըǰǿߣʱ˿ЩǰǿߵĿȫϡ
λǰҪ鿴һҶ΢ƣܵˣֻҲܾι
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ȵۻ֮һսɣ𣿡
׵۵ĵ״ӣ˵ϧҿȷĸ㣬ûţⳡԼսڱУʦ𣬶޷ֹ
˵üͷ΢΢һ壬漴ЦһЦǿЦǾʦлƲ԰ɣǿʾУӲŲ䣬ܵԼ⡣ڣҶ΢ǺѣʧִȻԹۣοڵֻҲκá
ڣѾǿΣҶ΢ϵֻԼܹκá
Ȼ졢ֲ׵ȫûн⻰ȥ
Ϊ϶Ҫҵģ˵ʲôǶҪȥ˷ڶǰǰӣ
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Ӳпսʤ۾ڵĸ죬ڵĸܻѰĵ۾۷ǿˣ˵ۻ֮
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ʵϣƲʱ˿̻Ϣ֮УȻѾûд󰭣ȴȻܶö
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⻰ʱֲһۣǺһЦҲµòֲףǶҶ΢ʲô뷨԰ɣҶ΢ȴ׵۴׿ҵġڣΪֹȥҶ΢ȻҶ΢ܵˣ㵽кξģ
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ոǾ仰˵ʱΧǰǿ߶ֲͶȥɵĿ⣬ЩĿȻֲ׺ܲܣ̽з͡
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ȴǹһЦһ˹ǾҳκҶ΢֮⣬ʲôĿ𣿡
ԭ˶Ҷ΢̫֣ôһ˵Եľ߷ˡ
ս˱ǳ飬ԹҶ΢ˣȻοȷ׵۴˶κҶ΢ġ
£졢ֲ׵˻ҪֹȥҶ΢ȻϳضǶƫˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ΢׵۵տͼ죬Ҳܵóѣ˵κҶ΢֮⣬ȷûκαҪһˡ
׵۽Ҷ΢飬ڳ˶֪ģҲΪΪ˽͡
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̫۹ˮ½ڡڵȻܲˬڳһЩǰǿߣҲȫĻκëġ
Ҫȴ޴ӿʼֻһֱĬȥˡ
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ȥ֪ͨʦˡ
׵۵ĵڶ״ӣ׿һȻתȥ
ڳ׵״УΨһȽϹһˣԴûʲô̫ƫϾ׵۵״Уÿ˶ֲһж⡣
ȻһαǰʧˣȻǽͥԺȥ֪ͨ׵ˡ
ֲ˶ʱЩˬ׾Ȼվһߣ㲻׵۵״ˣ
ʱ˿̣˵뷨ѾЩŤʵֻչ°ˣȻҶ΢Ǿͨ׵֪
ΪȻֱӱΪվһߣƫ̻
ĵȴֲ˻˵ʲôһȴ˵ʲôѿֻϣʦҪӦǰҶ΢
ֻϧ˵뷨ûг档
ܿױˣЩĿһۣʦȥʲôֱʦȥ˵ɡ
лʦ㡣
ӡУûһ׵Լ
лһ֮ƮͥԺڲȥǱӰ˿ġ
ʲôۻ֮Ҷ֪˭ǿߣ
жݺš


909 ӭսڵ
̤ͥԺеһԺһͦεӰվһ䷿ſڣȴӡ
Ӱȫ͸һ׵Ϣһͷڷ֮һ׵ۣҲҶ΢ʦ
˺ģһʱ¶һˬЦݣСӣˡ
׵۴ˡ
ԶԶ˸Ȼⲽ˹ȥʵҶΣ
˵ֿأҾ۶ûʲôֶΡ
׵ǰЦЦһΪ΢СѾͷõһˣû뵽ɱͷ
ãһЩϹżеõ˲ٺö
Щ˼˵
һЩϹż
׵ԣʱЦǱۣⱲҲŵϹżŶͣȻͽˡһЩϹżˣò˵ʵ̫ˣ΢Ѿͷ㣬ҪǲܿЩκ¾޷һǰμŵľˡ
׵۵Ļܺ⡣
ڲκҶ΢ĻôҶ΢ȥüսھеĳɼпܵף
Ϊʮһ̭Ȼûһȥμŵľˡ
׵۴˷ģԼֶκϣܻرһ¡
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ʲôֶȥҶ΢ֻ̫żҩȥˣ̫żҩ˭ߣ׵Ҳһ
׵۹һЦû⣬ⶼ£СԸȥɣҡϺɣɣСȥչ΢ˡ
仰׵ķ߳һɫȹŮӣŮ׵Ȼǳ𾴣ΪܹܵȻǵ۾۷壬˿֮ǰۣ
λǰǣ
ŮӣΪʵ
Ǳӣ١Ϻɣ١̡ͺá
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١ãлչҶ΢ˡ
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Ҳֻһ˵ڿͦԵġ
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˵㵹ǲСӺ״ӵԼս
١ϺɶԴ˻΢ǵģ׵ʦ𵱵Ҳְ̫ˡ
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֪Լ˵Ըһֱˣȴû뵽Ȼ˿ãѵܻܸ첻ɣ
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ڣ١ϺɱȽĻܷҶ΢ȫκãڽȫָĻҶ΢ԺڵһˣܿӰ쵽ɼ

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Ȼ֪Ҷ΢Ѿ˵Ϣ̬ǷǳģȫûкѰġ
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ڵޱѡ˿սƬ֮͸ܵһռԼ͵սȥ
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ڵ˲֪Ҷ΢Ҳ˿սѡ񣬿Ҷ΢޷սϢȻװ
Ҳһ̣˶սռеӰ
ֳֺɫڵۣޱ飬Ϊᣡ
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ԭһʮʣڿս֮ǰ˲һߣڿսǰһ˲䣬һʽͶ룬ѺעҶ΢ϣҶ΢ʤġ
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ȻҪϢԴ׵״Ǳˣ
ҪǿԿעĻͻ֪ǵȫˡȻǿʾעûκܹ鿴ģÿԼ֮⣬û֪˵עΡ
۶ûȨ֪ģΪռеһռγɵʱʹˡ
졢ֲ׵ˣֱӱʮؾǿΪǿǮļһֱӱˡû˸ϾǶ׵۵״ӣ
ȴҲе룬δ׾ϾһҶ΢ģװģʵϻأ
սʤڵϣͼãһڵʤɻ׬һЩǮƵġ
ԣʱ˿̣˶עȫ˺ڵҶ΢˵սȥ
ȴû֪ʱ˿׵۵ͥԺУ׵ۡ١Ϻһۿⳡս̸Цշǳг
ڸոգʵ˵ŵԣһʱ֮ڽҶ΢ȫκãʱ˿Ҷ΢ǿȶ֮ǰǿһЩ
׵ۺ١ϺɶΪοȻΪֶκõҶ΢֪̫żҩĴڡ
˵֮ǰҶ΢ͺڵսʤ԰ĻҶ΢Ϻڵʤ˲٣ֻҪ߶̫ӡĻҶ΢Ǳʤġ


910 Ҷ΢ʤ
Ŀ֮£ڵҶ΢սʽʼǣ˵ģϾһսþݣϵ˵ĶעӮԸעĿ
ǺڵҶ΢ʵɱﵣ֮ǰսлѾʩչˣһΣ˳ֶûκ̽
ڵֱ̧ħ裬ʩչһϹżƷ似Һڵ似˳Ȼľ磬ȻһܴﵽȻħѾǳֲˡ
Ҷ΢ԶԷħ裬ֱӴ߶״֮Էħϵ׷ߣвʩչֶΣ˷췣˵ȻϮ˺ڵ
ڵȫɢһǺʩչľе࣬ڵȴǷõģħ죬γһֻֻɫħ֣˵ȫס
˫ʩչֶӰġ׵ġռĵȵȣȫΧɢʵһĻʾ޴ǵط¶ᱻ
ӹսߵĽǶǿ˫ֶεľģʾǿߵԳѰĵ۾ǿߣܹ۾ǿȼ磡
ںڵϵĽ֮£Ҷ΢𽥴ƣϾûж̫ӡڵȴǳһϹżƷսҲǳס
似ͨ硢Դ֮˫޼ڵֳϹżƷħȻѹסҶ΢һͷ
Ȼ˶ûСҶ΢
Ϊ˶ǵãҶ΢սʱ򣬶ͷ׵ӡǵĿֲ׵ӡǾԲѰֶΡ
˵Ҷ΢ܣʣҶ΢׵ӡǲ
ڵ֪Ҷ΢ͷ׵ӡǾô£Դ˼Ϊ裬ھԵǰҲûʲô̫á
Ҷ΢Լó̫ӡȻκβ˺ڵܿ¶˾ģ߶̫ӡս
һ޾սεĿֲڣƵֱʩչƷ󣬸˵ֶþĺڵˡ
̫ӡһ֣ڵɫһ䣬ȫºӿֳΧɢħ۶Ҫ̫ӡ
Ȼ̫ӡֻ׹һħֱͬһɢȥڵη̫ͨӡǰȻã
ħֱɢڵ̱Ҫ۱âȻ̫ӡٶȼ죬˲˺ڵǰɵľ룬׹⽫ԲɵķΧڳ֡
ڵ㱻׹ڣ
ûа취ֵ̫ӡĹȻֻһ;ųƵķϹâ˸źڵ䡣
̫ӡʵ̫ǿ󣬳֮⣬ͬûʲôܹҶ΢ģοΪ޾ս̫ӡܷӳ
ʱҶ΢Ҳǡ̫ӡûбǿˣʱ̫ӡˣܷսʤҶ΢һء
ڶսڵʱ̫ӡ㲢ûбǿҲԽڵܣ˵磬ӵֶεĻͬ޵ˣи̨Ĵڡ
սҶ΢սʤ˺ڵ
һھƻͱȽˣҶ΢ֻһΣȴսʤĺͺڵΪֹȫʤսʤҶ΢֮ĺͺڵĻҲкܴܻʤ
Ҷ΢սʤһ̣̲ס
ֱ̫޳ˣ
Ҷ΢Ȼй¶Լ˵ϢԻˣӶͨעĲʵ̫ˣÿ˶ʧܴ
ڳϰˣȫؾǿߣÿҲиʮҵģһֶעΪʤȽϴԲ˶ںڵѺ˲٣ÿһ򣬶ʮС
˭뵽Ҷ΢Ȼʤˣ
ֻʮˣÿ˶ѺעĻҲһҵĶȫˣңעڵʤУƽעֹҲ˵ⳡս漰Ľǳһҵġ
ЩңȫѺҶ΢ϵˣһׯ԰ˣϦһˣעʮңȫѺҶ΢ϡ
ⳡսʣһߡ
Ϧһˣֱ׬һң˲˳̣
ׯ԰ˣҲȫǴ׬׬ûǮˣʲһӷʮֹսʵջǳࡣ
Ѻעںڵϵˣһս֮ȻʧҲСˣҪʲȥֱϷˣĸоޱȷߺޡ
ֻϧԶ֪˭һӣȥֻĵΪ׵۵״ǸĹˡ

Ȼǲ֪ǣ׵۵״ǣֲˣʱҲĪء
ڿս֮ǰ뵽ܽҶ΢ȫκã
ˣֱںڵעϰңһҶ΢ʤ֮ÿ˶ʧأ
Ƕ״˵һҲǸСĿϾڵһ֮̽Ҳ˼ˣ̽Ľϵ޳Ѩǽߵˡ
һң졢ֲ˵Ҳ൱æһµջֱǼֱʹ
ô´һҪѺ
ܶ뵽
һ֣ˮ½ڵ꽣ͣˮŸ裬ںڵҶ΢ⳡ֮ʼ
ⳡսµ˼ѡѺȴǲҶˣΪǷԼôĶ䣬ԣĻͲˡ
ʩչֶ׬࣬һ룬ׯ԰ϦһѾ㹻ˣ׬Ļ̫ˣ˵ᱻ˿ͷ
һɾǵǿߣ̶ȣԼνׯ԰֮ȴ緢չأ̫˿϶ʲôô
ԽȥսȫչֳԼʵøȫʤˣ
ˮŸ衣
΢˼һεĶ֣ҲˮŸĺüսô˻еаŵģδӶ֣ǻŽ̬͵սء
һƬһ޼ʵĻԭϴݲظѣԲ֮ûκĴڣ
ˮŸ裬ƬԭϿգ˫ʼ뾹Ȼֻвʮ˫۾ɿԷ̽ͨҪʩչ
ҪһˮŸķûΣֱӳŶԷϮɱȥȫֱ֣֮ʩչ˳
ǶԸˮŸ裬ûʲôڵĶ֣ǳ˿ûе뷨
Ҳܹһ·ߵڵҪƷ֮һ
ýˣͼˮŸ裬˵Ǹеģȴʮ㣬ҲǳỺʩչҲû̫֮
򵥵˵ˮŸǸǻ
һУϢ
һſڣֱӳˮŸһھϢԸһ£˵Ľк֮


911 սڵ
ĵһϢŵˮŸȻȥ
ˮŸֳһϸɫһϢʱȫȻһɫâȫưΧ
еɫһһɫ⣬ЩɫһֻƣȻľϢֵסˣ乥Էٶȡ
һľϢȻ·𱻶Էһ㣬ȻˮŸĺڴ˹
Ŷ
ĸȤȻ֪Էʩչʲô似ͨһȫзƵֶΣټ
Ҫ֪ľϢͨƻΪֲȴԷ׾ٻ⣬Ⱥڵǻĸס
ַ似ͨӦһ޵İɣ
ţ̧ԲľϢֵסˣȻˮŸһۡ
ˮŸ΢΢һЦϸֳһĨΪ֮ɫҲˣܹɣʩչʲôֶΣҶԭⲻĻ㣡
һзȷԲܷκιֻҪøǿ޷Ӧˡ
˵ϱʮƶʵȴȷһ㣬ֻ˵̽һ¶Էˡ
ˮŸȴֺƭˣ仰΢ЦӺûκα仯ֻ˵Կ֪ˣ
Դ֮壡
ûʲôȤԷϻ˵Կ䷴ļȻ޷ӶԷ̽ǾֱӻܶԷˡ
ԷԷκιԷʱҲ޷ʩչĽġ
һо壬ˮŸʱһ㶣ڵǿĹأȴû뵽ֱôһ
壬;Ŀƣһ˱ʱ;񽫻һƬ£ӵ˫ս޷κηӦ
ˮŸ豻ıԴ壬ʩչƣ̫żƷսʩչǿ󹥻ֶΣ˲併ٵˮŸϣ
һȻֲƻˮŸ˺ѣжԷǰһ̣ˮŸ边Ȼָѣ
Ӧ˲ֳɫҪƸֵסҪ䷴
Ȼһʩչȴִ̫٣ƣȴǿֶ֮һˣ
Ʒ󣬾Ԩ֮⣬ƾеǿֶΣһУˮŸִֵ֮ģ
һ̣ƺȻײˮŸţײ˳ȥͬʱһƵػϹâȻˮŸֱˡ
ٲĻһ¾ܽˣֱӺɱ
˭ǵãһǰɱ׵ʱʩչľһУ˵׵ʱʵˮŸ̫ԶҲһǰǿˡ
ˮŸ䣬ٴλʤʱȥȫʤ
Ѿһ룬Ȼȫʤսģֻʣһˣ
ƻѾˣͺڵĻûȣκһĻⳡǿʾһλûȷء
ȴκλᣡ
õһǾͻᾡõ˵óǿĵһǿʾУٽøκˡ
սŵսڵ˾͡
ڵħ۵״ӣ˾׵۵״ӣۻýУ˾͵ʱֻ̤˵ڶʮ㣬ڵҪѷɫ١
˵ۺʵҲǲ˲٣֮ǰսУ˾ѾڵģҶ΢һΣ׻һΣ˾͸оûӡ
ô˵׵۵״ӣǰսȻĳʵ޹⣡
죬˾ͼĶʱЩǼʶսҶ΢ҲԺҶ΢ս֪Ҷ΢ʵǶôֲ
ܻҶ΢Ҷ΢ˣ˾Ƕ֣
ֻڴͺڵսܵˣҲпܻʤˡ
˾;Լʤ㼫ͣûзϣΪԲΪʮһб̭һ
ȣսڵսͿʼˡ
һע˲ˣׯ԰ȻȫͶעϣǱķ֣һͺڵʾȻĵͣȻﵽʮһ
Ҳ˵ѺעһǧһʤĻôһʤֻܻһҵĽ֮ǰࡣ
ٶҲ⣬ׯ԰ȫͶע˼ʮңϦ裬עһңӮҲܵһǧأҪˣһھʹˮƯˡ
ǣϦ֮ǰӮһڣرںһڡ
Ϧ費Ѻע̫࣬ǲμⳡעľֻôˣѺע̫ĻʽøͣӮֻܵõô㣬ûʲô
ͺڵһ𱻴͵һƬϿգƬռ䣬ʱ˿һ籩꣬ܲͦʺͺڵսġ
ϾĶǰӰģɭɭĻУȻܷӳǿ
ϺڵûôˣϾϴˣҶ΢̫ӡĻԸˣҲ˵յԨҲпܲڵ
ȻһʩչԨԼֶܷܺڵ˵ϾԨһ֣пܽڵˣһСĵĻпܽɱͲıˡ
͸Լսȡ˶ԷΪƣڵûʲôͻҲͶԷ
ƿءأ
һʱΣӺڵ̽ͨΧڳʧ
ڵͨˣҲսһȻӵһټսֻкڹһΪϸСĳ㳯Χɢȥ
İӰ֮̽УĶ˲ӺڵɢȻƺҵʲôͬһʱת򣬳ڴ۶
ѭ룿
ܿ˺ڵõʲôѭ룬һп˻ֶһսҪѰ˵ټ
ѭ룬ڴϼɹúڵܿյ٣ֳϹżƷսħϮɱ
ڵһֱӳԶһڵâȻ£
һ̧֣ʮö䰵۳һʱǵڵâֱӽǵâɢ
ħ裡
ڵƲˣֳħϻ赶âÿһâлصƣֱƾǻ˵ġ
Զ䰵е¯࣬һöö䰵ǲۣ׾ٵĽԷϺĵâƵ
ϾϹżƷķ似䰵Ͼƿʩչǳֲúڵƴȫ޷ƣ޷˺
ڵɫʼЩ仯òѰֶζƽⲻ˰ɣ


912 ʮȫʤ
ڵֳϹżƷսѾϵϵĳ̶ȣʩչħƻǳֲѰ۾ǿߣýڽڰˡ
ŻʾڵΪȴɵֵסڵ⣡
ڵг裬˲һźɫȻһƷҪУ
ֻϧٴ۶䰵ǣƾƿأһ۾ͿǺɫıڣӳ䰵ֱӱźɫը˷顣
ڵֶȴ޷κֺʩչ⣬˶С
⣬Ͼ򣬺ڵж˵Ǳ̶ȵסˣټͻıԴ֮壬úڵ˴͵
ƣ
ֻҪסֱӾһȥ˶ֵܵס׻ֱ̬֮⡣
ڵȻҲ⡣
ʩչֱӽڵײɣ־Ƚϼᶨֻ˲һʱ䣬Ӧ̴֮߶Ʊϣˡ
ڵʵʵƫƫһʵȫסǰûκʩչĿܡ
źڵ䣬ǿʾԵĹھûʲôˡ
ȥĶ֣һ˾ͣһģһƲмʵǿ֮⣬ûʲôв
ġʵ˵̻Ҷ΢ڵ֮ûʲô˻ܷˡ
սǸܲʩչĸֶεģֻ֪ǿȴ֪ǿʲôĳ̶ȡ
ڣһЩ˵Ǻں͸ӡ
ټҼٳ
һ֮ǰٳǾʱĲΣսôһ۾ǿߣ쿪
ڣٳȴۼĿֲս
ȻһʱȥٳȻֻе۾ڣ
ڵʵϺڵҶ΢Ǳذܵģһٸ򲻹һڵҶ΢
ڵҶ΢Ȼǿʾ
ٳг˾̣һ뵽ۻ֮µԼսоô޷
ʵʱӦԼսʱ͸ое㲻ףȴ׳һһҵջʶľʹӦԼս
ڿһңȫջ̨ĹӰˣõԲ
ٳʱ˿¶˾ģǿʾԽ֮󣬾ȥݷŮ˪˪ΪԼ˵˵飬ȡԼս
ʣٳǺˣҪԼŮ˦ⳡԼսֻϧ˪˵
˪ڶԷԼ׵ķϣҪټһѡ
ٳһٶ˪ʧ˪ͶٳˣףͲˣ
һߣ塣
ٴʱͺڵսĻɫһƬɫ
ǵ۾ڵΪҪ˵ʵĻǱȲϺڵҶ΢ģһǳԼս׶༪١
һٺԼս
αΪ·գ
һԹһǰ֪ڵʲôЦһЦ϶ҲѾ˵ˣȵۻ֮׵۵ĵ״ӣ콫ԼսʱСӱɡֻҪװˣѵԼսȵ͸ϣһ
԰
ԣʱϲɫôʱҾ˵ˣѲܱҳԼսɣ
Ǵ
ǳЦŵͷ˵пŹȴڿһ׳գһ֮Ȼһų֮󣬹ļ϶Ҫˡ
ˮ½С
Ϊʮ֮һˮ½ڳ˵ʱ򣬴δκ
֮ǰˣˮ½ڳϼ껿ԼսȻˮ½Ϊܴ衣
ڣǿʾԴڣȴûκٻʵˡ
ӣʸһսǿʾԵĹھ
껿նԼս൱ڴģۿžҪΪǿʾԵĹھµ껿ղŲǶĻǰȥ۸һʵ̫ˡ
껿ҲǴӻʾһ·߹ģҲμӹǿʾıԣȻ֪ǿʾĺ
һ˵ǿʾĹھѰĵ۾ޣǲģǣ껿ȴѰĵ۾ޣΪˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һ껿յʵԶѰĵ۾ޣ
Ϊˣ껿յŻôɣûô
ȴ֪Ҷ΢ֳʵҲѾԽѰĵ۾ޣرҶ΢̫ӡͻȻĻ㹻˲ɱһ۾۷ǿߡ
ǺεȿֲֶΣ
ŻʾεҶ΢ʵѾǿߣȵҶ΢̤۾ʵԳΪ۲εĴڡ
ǿҶ΢ܣ֪ʩչֶжǿԨֶμ⣬ǳֲˡ
йս߶֪һ㡣
Ҷ΢Թûиܵȫ޴Ӳ²ģǿʾԵĺôˣΪȫڲͬĿռԣȻԹۿսȴ޷Ʋս˫׼ȷʵ
Ϊ˲ߵİȫ룬Ͼ˭ҲԼɱʩչⱻԣĻǿʾԿ½ûʲô壬˭ʩչǿֶɱ

սʤڵ֮Ŷս˾ͣ
˾Ϊ׵۵״ӣʵȻףڵ磬δñԴ֮壬ֱʩչϵľϢ˾Ͷƴͨʤһ˾ֱѹȥ
˾Ϊ˵Ҳɴ֪࣬Լֶο϶ȲԾҪ棬ɲĶֻ֣˳
һ죬죡
ĵһǶսģ
ڴеľսδ֣ı͵֮󣬾ȻֱӶˣ
ԴЩ⣬ĵǺѣЦűʾȫҶ΢Ķ֣ȻܻҶ΢ǿ϶а취ġ
ҿɲҶ΢ʧֲ
ЦſЦ
Դ˵ЩˣʵϣĵʵδܵȻöԷȲԼûһվЩź
ĲҲû취Էˣܲ׷ɣ
һǶսеţƲ
ƲʵǲģҪֶμ죬ֻϧľƿأһֶθɲóֱӿ׷ϣʩչס֮󣬼ƲûκζԿʱֻ䡣
ǿʾܾʱ䣬˶һһľʶսһսӮҡ
ʮȫʤ
ʣǿʾĹھһʮһ˭Ǳ̭λҲѾ˽


913 ھ
μǿʾܾʮһˣ˶۵״ӣ˳״֮⣬ĵ۸һӲ
۵ģ׵۵Ҷ΢׵۵˾ͣħ۵Ӻڵʥ۵ӳء
ˣһҩУսףһУƲһ̫۹̫꿣һˮ½ڣˮŸ裻һ׻ˣ
ܾ죬ÿ˶ʮȫʤΪھҶ΢ʤΪڶİʤڵʤġ
ҲֻʤǾ׻ʡλ壬һڵĺҶ΢ֱ䣬ˣѸײڶ֮ƣ߶̫ױȶԷ䡣
׻塣
ġ
ӵ˶ֻʤֱҩеսףԼ̫۹̫꿡
ѡһܼ򵥣ھ죬ÿ֮䶼սһս׺̫Ҳսźǣⳡս̫սס
ԣ˳Ļ̫꿱һŮֱӱ̭ʧȥǰ̨ͬĻᣡ
սףǸʮеĩ೵һǸˣ
ңս˹ھս֮ǰΣҲȫ㲻ʲôˣϾǹھʾεǿߣ
սΪʾޣʲô
ʽΪھһ̣˶ʣӽ쿪ʼˣ緶Χ
رǣΪǿʾԵĹھΪȴֻлʾڣǵ̤ʾڣ̤۾ûʲôεˣ
ʼĵûʧ
Եģջʳ޵۹ƶ˵۹ЩطˣöˣۻѩʳΪ۹ʱضţŷ򣬻Ҫ˵
ʱջʳ޵۹ƶ˵۹ˣֻܶĸ׳Ƴ
⻹ǱȽϺõĽһҪˣô⼸ľ˶˶
ʱ˿̣ǿʾھʱ̣ȻȶѪ𣬵ȴò׼ȥݷȡ˫ĳԹ
Ϊ棬ǱͣѪ𣬶ֻͣĻᶼûУ
ںõԵĸоˣ۹еȵȣԼѡ񽻺ľޱҡ
²ҪãͻɳǿĲΣӶӰ쵽Լ̬ơ
ʱȻܵõô
֮⣬ҲһЩԸûеĺ£ǶԴ˸оǳˬġ
׵۵״ǣ̫۹ˮ½ڡڵг𣬵Ϊǿʾھвǡ
ο»˶ˣȻǿʾھǱޣô˵ĻǱٸʲôã

ǿʾһã԰䷢̤ǰһǧ˵Ľ
УΪǿʾĹھȻΪעĿ˵õǸ˵еĻ֮⣬ܵõֵܼʮڵԴ⣬ԶһҪ
ֻҪܹģܹ
ҪʲôҪ˶ǳ棬ԣ۱ռռ䣬˵ѯҪʲôҪ
ûоܾ
ռռУΧǿۣʥʥۡͰĳۡɭħۡ𱬵׵ۡˬ׵ۣ
Ѱ˴£½ŵĶ˵
ȴûб۵Ӱ쵽ֺ΢˼һȻȥϿʥȪڴĦʱ䡣
Ҫ۸һ㶣Ȼĵ۶ĿͶʥۡ
ʥһͷѩɫƮȻ˫з·⻰Ҳһ㶣ĦϿʥȪ
ڶϿʥȪʥ۵˽ⲻֻ֪࣬ԴӶϿʥȪÿһʱõһСƿϿʥȪ
ϿʥȪеޱռϣһ˿ԴĶϿģû׵似ֶʩչϿļǱԴģҲӲ̫ǿ
ڣȻҪҪȥĦĶϿʥȪ
ʥȻɻȴҲû̫࣬Ȼ֪֮ǰԼϯ״͸һݼ񣬾һСƿϿʥȪ
˶ϿʥȪ˱ԴĶϿģҪȥĦһӶõĳЩڶϿĵаɡ
ʥţЦһЦԣҴӦ㣬һ磬ұȥϿʥȪڴĦʱ䣬Ҫǵãʮ֮ۻῪʼӣɵѡһŵùѣһμۻᡣ
ţǵġ
˵ͷ˵
ۻľٰ쳡ߴ֮һľоʵһأȻλᡣ
õʥ۵ı֤֮գ˵׻ǰʥ㣡
ڵ֪ĵȻǹԼ׵䣬Լ׻ϵһЩܣΪǿ᣿Ϊζ̫׻ʺҶ΢֮便ʲôϵ
ЩҪ֪飡
ԣ㵱˵棬׻ʷ룬׻ҲҪȻĻ治֪ҪôԼ׻ˡ
ɲ֪׻ںδ˵Է϶ġ
ھԴˣֵܼʮڣ˵ȴʲôҪ֪Ϧ֮ǰڶľо׬һٶڣֱӳһ̡
ȽĻǶϿʥȪҪ֪ʹ˵ǶϿʥȪһս޾ļ
ֻҪܹϿʥȪӡа취ȡ
ܹõϿʥȪʵضٴαһأϿʥȪԲԨĳ̶ȣŷǳڴֱӶҪ
Ҫʥ֪˷ĦϿʥȪὫϿʥȪֱȡߵĻĻθ룿
ʱʥ뷴Ҳ˰ɣοΪʥۣӦò
Ѿ˼ҪΪǿʾھĿıһҪҪȻĻϦѾ׬ϰҵ£þھ֮λΪһ̫ߵˣԸ
ΪҪΪпܵõϿʥȪƴһѣʵ֤ӦûгԿ
ֻҪõϿʥȪڱֳЩֶعʲôϵ
ʱµɱﵣؼʱʩչضھлǿУס
Ǿ
ǵһֻһҶ΢ǵڶĽҲ٣ֵܼڵԴӴ˵еǴλᣬټܹѡһصϹżƷս
ϹżƷսƽʱǼѵõģ״ӣûôŪ֣Ҳֻʱ˲ŻųһϹżƷս
ֻϧ֪ϹżƷսҶ΢˵ЩˣϾҶ΢ӵ̫ӡ޾սġ


914 ŵ
ĽҲ͵ڶ࣬˼ϹżƷսԴֵܼҲһЩ
˵ʼͱ֮ǰˣһֱǰʮֻмֵһҵԴһ˵е
ӵʮһһֵһǧҵԴһһһǧǽֵһҵԴԽԽ٣Ѱ˵һҲǸСˡ
꽱֮ݽһҪǿʾǰʮºҪʥϣĳʵĻᡣ
ᣬ۲˵˴Ҳ֪Ҫǰߴ֮һһ𾺼
º飬ڴ˵ûʲô壬ЩͻὫڴľǰºۻˡ
ۻᣬ۸ʢᣬڵۣѾһʮûиˣʥҲһʮǰ̤ʥ֮λģĵλʱ͸ˡ
˵ÿʮһεۻᣬԳƵʢˣѰ˵ڴľǰһӣھеõһЩô
Ҷڴۻᣬʮº飬ûʲô˻رˡ
ǿʾԣڽ֮ʽ˽ᱻͳռ䣬Ҳᱻȫջء
ʥеղδ˶£ǿʾԵ۸ˣΪǿʾԵĹھʥǵŻ⡣
ص֮һϢһߵȴ׻ʵĵ
ϦˣҲ֮Ϣڵ֮Ѿ˪Ůһ൱ͥԺĴСˮ羰ţ֮ǰӡ
εǿǿʾʢᣬ˪㺵ûвμӣΪŮڱչأҪ̤ʾ˵Ǹ൱ؼʱ̣ǿʲôҲνˣǵʵμҲòʲôΡ
˪㺣ǺսĻѰҲǿ˶ٵģμǿԣ˷ʱ䡣
˰׻ʻûȴֵһϢ
ʱ˿̣ѾǼ޾ҩຣҩϵĳ̶ȣҲǵεϣܹܺõķӳຣҩǿҩܡ
һֱоϹ׹ǵ嵤ҩʱ㱻Ƴɹˣ
ֳҩƿϲ˵㿴ҵЩϹ׹ǣƳ˵ҩܹʮöֳƷףϹżƷ󵤣ϹżƷ嵤ϹżƷŵ
ԴҲΪϲ׻һս֪ǿζʲô
ȻѾ̤Բ磬׻ȣǲ̫Զˣ󵤣ܹĴæǿȸһ¥
ֵ츳һֱܲڲ̤ؾຣҩƳϹżҩҲʲôֵ飬Ҫ̫żҩûôˡ
ѰƵĻƳ󵤣Լ嵤ϹżƷŵûκοƳɹˡ
ƳŵȫΪຣҩԵˡ
ȻͬϹżҩҲֲͬͬĵҩǿԸԷһöģ˵ȻǸԷöˡ
ϹżƷŵһöֱȡö
ϹżƷ嵤һʮöҲȡöϹżƷ󵤣һʮöҲȡö
ʣµЩҩԼҲһЩľͽ£ú½Щҩׯ԰ĲƲУׯ԰޿ƾ׶Ȼȡ
ֶԴ˵Ȼû飬ԼȡһöƷĵҩȻʣµĵҩȫ˺¡
ȻϦֱӽһҾׯ԰Ĺ׵㣬ȻҲȡ˸öҩ
һϹżƷŵûˣϾֻܹö
ԴȻͲµˣϦЩ嵤ҩЧ϶˷ҪõģϾϦҲ̫żƷ似
õҩҪ̫ʱ䣬ֱӿʼöҩ
ϹżƷĵҩ󵤣һö󵤣ȥ֮Ũҩһöȥܹ֮ǰǿһɡ
ϾǿȾԲӳɣѾ÷ǳֲϹżƷĵҩҲûʲô̫á
ϹżƷĵҩ嵤ⵤҩеҩܹͳ󵤵ʮˣöȫȥ֮ǿֱǿɣ
ЧõĵȻҪŵˣϹżƷĵҩܹöѰʱȫ֮ǿֱǿһ
ǸΪֲı仯ܸܵͭǽǣóǿ
˵ڷЩҩ֮ǰ޷κδʩȥֵҶ΢ڵ˵ĹôڣǿȣѾҶ΢ڵ˵ͨˡ
ȻʩչֶΣǵ÷һǿȻø
ƶԼʩչһҲ޷ֱɱˡ׻ӲƹȴǰȻǿȾжֲ
˵ʱ׻ʶս龰ѹʱ׻ƾƣȻֻܵһˣ
ڵɾһ˼
ţڵǿȣѰĵ۾۷ǿȶû˿ƣ׻ʵǿȴҪǿ
ϣԴʲôܣ
ԴˣȻǷǳڴ׻ʵʱ˵ǿʾԽ֮ݷģʱ򣬹׻ϵܣӦûõͬʱܵõйظϢ
δ˻ȥׯ԰ĸױϾϢʣҪǵʱûϢĻñʧ
ԣԼ֪һЩϢ֮ٽ߱
ҹĺɫ٣׻ҪĻʱ˿ӦòҪ˰ɣ
Ϧһ߽֮ı仯һߵȴ׻ʵĵȻȴ֪ݷ׻ʣڲ֮ǰȴǱ˸סˣ

ʥ֮⣬һΪտ˵ɽС
׻ʺϣŴδй֮ɫΧźüƮŵӰ⼸Ӱƺں׻ʽ̸ʲô
⼸Ӱ˵Ļ׻¶һĨЦ뵽Сӣû취ȥˣҲգչֳ츳ܽӴһСң͵ˣ
û֪׻ʾʲô
ȻǿʾԸһ׻ʾʧӰҲû˼
ȻҲ͵Ȳ׻ʵİݷˣ


915 ̫Ʒ
һʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ʧΪδȵ׻ʵĵԼڽ͵øʥһǰϿʥȪڵؽйĦˡ
ѵ׻ʳˣʲô⣿
ţԴʮֲ⡣
˵׻Ǵ忴ǺˬӣӦòǲõˣȻûҪô⵽ʲô⣬Ҫôû˵롣
ΣȥֻͻƵʾ˪ŮԸ׻ĻһҪúдܵĻ׻֮򣬵ȴ
Ȼʥۻûȸʥ֮޹ŵȥһʹ
Ȼ׻û൱ʧЩ飬ʹӦҲһģ˵Ҷ΢̫ӡԼ׻ʩչ̫ס̫ϵȵֶΡ
ЩֶΣʲô֮
⣬һҪ׵ģΪΪֹΨһԼܵв
ǷǳԽĲεһ

޹ŵУ
һμʹҲ˳Ϧ֮ʹųԱ˵ΪϦһڶڣʵȲϦ裬Ҳġ
ʩչ߸ӡڶܹסѰĵ۾ǿߣ
ϦеϹżƷսڤƣܹǿ߸ӡΪһоɱֶΡ
Ҫ֪˿ȫֻޣȴס۾ͿԿ棡
ֻڵʱҪԸ۾ǿ߶ǷǳģϦˣԷס֮Ըɺܶˣٿֱѹ۾ڵǿߡ
˶ͻƵʾΣ߸ӡܾ͸ӿֲˣʱڣ˶ʾеԶû취ô̤ʾġ
ʹǰѾȡǰĦϿʥȪĻᣬԣ⿪ϿʥȪӡԼƶϿʥȪط̸ң
ʹֱ˵˵ԼĿģʹദ˺ܾãҲûҪ֮Ķ
ʹõ˸һЦ˵벻㻹ܸ㵽һᣬϿʥȪһ޾ս㲻Тһôʹߣõ˱ǲͶ񣿡
İɡ
ȴЦһЦӻֱͳöԴʯöԴʯϦʮңڶһģǸʹТˣϾԷԼôãʵѾ˵Լʦˡ
һöԴʯʹʱЩöСӣ벻ȻһԸʹŪˣ
ŪˣʹǰҪԴʯʲôãǻָʵ𣿡
ԵЩɻˣԭһֱΪʹҪԴʯҪָʵڿˣҪȻĻԴʯֻԽԽãд˵
ʹһЦͲùˣʹҪ飬ֻкôûлȻöԴʯǶϿʥȪĲٿغͷӡֶδڸҲûʲôˣʹˡ
ţʹ㽫õϿʥȪķһһʮĸҪǽ⿪ӡķԼٿضϿʥȪķʹ֮⣬˾Բַ֪ǿ۲εǿߡ
ԺܸߣʹҪ˵ڶ飬Ѿ˵ļУȻּʹһ⣺ʹߴˣ˵̫ӡ
̫
ʹԣԴƺΪȣСӣô˵
һѵĶͷһ׵ӡǣͽ̫ӡ
㽫Ҷ΢˵һ£սн̫ӡ߶սʩչұ൱޾ս飬˵һ顣
üһȻ̫ӡ
ʹԣʱ۷Ź⣺СӣѾͷɵúúðס̫ӡɲôģ֪̫ζʲô
֪
ȻֻҡͷҶԴ൱档
ôͷ˵𡣡
ʹҡҡͷƺЩ֪ô˵ӣ΢˼һ˵ڵĵطΪ磬׼ȷ˵ֻǾ۵С硣
㻹֪֮·һԽ۾ʱǸαΪؾؾʱոγɣһ̤ؾͻɱΪС磬С𣬾СڣܹȻĵΪһʵ磡
磬ҲѾˣӦ֪ڵ磬ٹ궼ܵȻһɱΪС磬Ͳһˣǳϫ䣬棬ʵûκβ𡣡
ʵ磬⣡
ʵУ֮ԴԴԴϵĵĵѳʵ硣ҲֻΪѣʵԴΪ̫С
һѾ˵
Ȼʹδ˵꣬Ѿ˵Ķо𾪣ֻΪ
ôܣ
ʩչʱһֱΪȻԴǡʹУȴһȫͬ˵
ֻΪԴȴǱ̫С
ȻΪģҪôǿܴ
̲סпһ䡣
ģȻġ
ʹ˵һ䡣
ȷ񣬶رǿˣ
ԣʱЩëȻ̲סһ䡣
˭֪أ
ʹһЦʹǴδŵ񣬹ڵ㻹֪ԽԽãֻҪ֪̫УԴ̫ӡǿɲʲô޾սǳԽ޾սĴڣⱻǡ̫ƷյΪǿ
̫Ʒ
һµʣһαˣҶ΢ͷ̫ӡȻ޾սǳԽ޾սĴڣΪ̫Ʒ
̫Ʒ۶ûõĶСӣ˵ҪҪúðջᣬСѾͷˣ
ʹ˵벻СУӵ̫Ʒǵ磬ѾͷҲᱻɵΪǿˣ

Ȼ֪ʹ˵Ϊǿʲô˼Ȼ콫Ҷ΢ԼŮˡ
ôСӻԸ⣿
ʹüΪˬ֪֪Ѿͷӵ̫ƷʹɾͺпܻᳬԽۣǿö࣡ڲץסᣬҲĻᣡ
Ҳֻھ۵СУŻֻϣҪʵ磬СУһ̫Ʒ飬ضᱻЩСܸһ˿ᣡ
ʹ
ǲԸ⣬ֻ룬̫ܲܰӡΪУ
ȴҡҡͷ˵һʹ׾ĻΪУ


916 ʥȪ
Ҫõ̫ӡ뷨ʹ˵Ͷأȴ˼һȻͷ˵ϸ˵ûа취취ȴʵ֡
Σ
ֻһʣȴû뵽ʹа취Ҳһ
Ǿ̫ӡ㣬ֻܵõ̫ӡ̫ӡѾͷ˵һУ̫ӡ㣬ܡ
ʹ̾˿˵
һʱҲûˣҶ΢̫ӡǲܵ飬ҲܽһԼεˡ
һͷֻܷˡ
̫еһ𣿡
ѯʵ
̫УǽľˮнԵıʽ֮һ׵磬̫ףԴ׵硣
ʹ˵ؾ׶ٽףǽ׵ıʱһ̫֮ٱֹ
ۣҲûܵõ̫е
ʡ
̫еǳѵãҶ΢ĸճʹ̫ӡҪȻֻܵȴһЩõ²пܵõ
ʹ˵պ̫еһܴȻ΢΢һõ̫֮ʵԶˡ
ס
˵ͷȻ׼תˡ
ոմʹ˽⵽˶ϿʥȪһЩϣ֪˽ͿƵֶΣԽȥȻ׼ҪǰϿʥȪڴˣʥҲӦòʱ䵽ˡ
صʥ֮УѩɫƮƮʥۣʥһڸڴͷԱߵȴ֮ʥ¶һĨ΢ЦȻˣǾͳɡ

ϿʥȪλһߵɽۣ֮ɽĵʮߣ
ĵطǵ۾ǿߣϲΪ磬ڳĸ߿Ϸһϣͻơ
͵ʱϿʮߴҲΪǿȱ͵ϵǿˡ
ʥֱͨ͹ǲҪ
ֻǰһʥһ͵һдͷĴУֻҪ߳ܿϿʥȪˡ
ɽ۽ģҪ۲ߴ֮һĳ⸽з˶ϿʥȪ
ʥ΢һ¡
Ե˵ͷʥ뿪ɽϿգȥһƬ֮µĽɫƺڳҫԡ
̧ͷҰڱ㿪ʼڣߴһƬ޾ڰУһ޴з·بŰǣǾߴ֮һ
ߴأÿһضѰܹģرۣû˿
½ԵһƬ֮Χ
֮ˣ֮⣬оٰۻĳҲһء
һǿʾǰʮҪºǰĵطˡһߴ֮һУźŨ֮ǰ̽ѰһԵ
ʥ۵ʾĿͶУȽƫƧһ䣬˵ǸСС
޾еͬС͵гǳɫתţ·Ʈһȵʯ̨ʯ̨һСƿӡ
СƿУѾװСƿǳɫҺ壬ȻǶϿʥȪ
ҿϿʥȪڴˣС͵ǳɫڰɣ
ʥʵ
ʥ۵ѩɫ紵ԵüΪţСһۣȻ˵ͷˣ˻ĵط֮ûʲôֵע⡭֮󣬱ۻٻص˵㣬ʱ䣬ͺúùĦϿʥȪɣȡܴһЩʲô
˵ʥȴԴ˲ʲôϣҲûйĦϿʥȪУȴ޷еõκζ
οֻҪʱ䣬͸ûʲôܵõˡ
ţʥ۴ˡ
ʥ۹˵ȴЩᣬΪ֪֮ʥ۹ǼϿʥȪˣôķӦ
˵ⲻʥ۵ĶôǴʥƹµĶߵĻʥۻ᲻ʲô
ڿʥ̬Ⱥ񻹲ܺõӣʱɾ˵һˣ׼

ʥ뿪֮ͿʼͶ뵽оϿʥȪˡ
ǸСУǰʩչǿӡ󣬽ϿʥȪһʶ޾սӡ
ȥϿʥȪʶѱӡĥΪˣʹŻߥϿʥȪŪ֡
۵õϿʥȪ֮ĥʶȻΪõģȴû뵽ûãˣϿʥȪڴ˲֪ˡ
ϸ۲ʱ䡣
УȫһӡƾƿأܿΨһڵһ㣬ǴУжϿʥȪӶʥ۽ƿУһı
ڣƽӡֶΣʹڵķӦûʲôģȷӡȷʵǺʹ˵һʣֱӿʼˣ
ˣõҲܽ⿪ӡ
ϿʥȪķھƿأʵ̫ˣֻͨȡɵֶΣܽӡ
֪Ӻ֡
˵ϿʥȪȴֻһʱ䡣
һ֮ǳɫâ˲ըǳɫСкȻɢӡеˮƮȻ
׼һӡ㽫ǳɫˮȫۼУЩˮ̺ޱŨĶϿĵ໥ϼ䣬Ȼĳ̫ż似ܹӳǿĶϿ
޾ս
̫ż似
ڣϵȽϸߵĲΣܴ޾似
Ȼ޾ս
ŲԼ˫ֵǳɫˮ̲ס¶ϲɫǰδ״̬սȴǼʶˡ
Һ״̬սֵʱȻʤοЩˮ̺ŶϿĵһֹԼǿĿռģ
Ȼʱʹúʩչһգʵһ¥
˶ϿʥȪ֮û̿ʼоսֻǽ£еĶռУȻͿʼ˼ߡ
죬ʥ۾ͻ˴޷֤Է᲻ʲô飡
ڣȴ뿪طϾͷֻʥһܹطǱβ뿪ɽۡ
ϿʥȪԵ޹ʧʥۿ϶ǳˬһܿ˴㡣


917 Ͽվɱ
ϿʥȪĦ֮ʥһɽ֮ϣ׼뿪
ЩڴģһֱûܶϿʥȪоʲôʥ˵һֻջһεĶϿʥȪҲ㲻ʲô̫õĶоһЩҲǲ
ʥۻصʱֻ߳ɽۿһۣʱһ
ô£
ǰһֱڵĶϿʥȪУȻʧˣ·Ʈʯ̨ϣбŵͷƺǳʲô⡣
ʥæǰ鿴һ״ֻǻԹȥˡ
ʥüͷ׳ʲôˣ
ѵʲô˶ϿʥȪڵˡô˵ѵˣôôɣպҴǰĦʱ򡭡
ʥвϲ²ſܵܿҡҡͷٶ롣
˴룬ʥҲʲô飬ôֻҪѹһ֪ʲôˡ
뵽ʥ屧۵ĸμ뿪˴˴صɽ۴Уͨ뿪ˡ

ʥ֮ڡ
ʥۺͳվһһͥԺͥԺŻе
ʥѩɫڷƮľʦ緶ʱ˿ȴ΢΢üͷ
ȴһͰЦţ㲻֮˳֣Ҳûʲô⣬ֻȡ˶ϿʥȪˡͻѹˣʱΰɡ
ֻˣû¾ҡ
ʥҡҡͷ˵ˣӸŸҾͿˡ
˵⻰ʥһʧˣɼڴ²رģֻǶе㵣İˡ
Ҫ֪Ļ¾ͲԼŪɻˣ
ϣӻѹȻһֱڻ֮Уȴһֱź˽⡣
ĸܵʱʥ۱Լĸо
ѹʱ򣬳һװŵķڣ۵ʹ洫˽ˣ
ʦ𡣡
װЩȵӣô
Ȼȷʥ۶Լûʲô⣬ȻϷȻҪȫ׵ģȻʥ۲׷ôŪһҲ͹ȥˡ
ʥ۴ǰɽ㣬ȴԲѣϿʥȪȴʧǲʲô˳ˣ
߽ӣȻɫۣΪĵʵ
ˣûмֻڹĦϿʥȪ;УоͻȻɢһɫˮӿҵڣȻҾûκʶ
װæվһ̧֣ȻһɫˮУǶϿʥȪ
ֱӿˣʱ䣬˵ĻԵˣȻϿʥȪӷӡнҵõս
Ǽս
װʵ
Ӧˡ
۾ȹ󣬺ܿ˵ͷЦȥʱúϢɣ׼μۻᣬھУ㻹õԵ
ǵģʦ𡣡
˵ͷ
һΪֵΣĻˣҪĻʥ۶ûʲô⣬ҪȻĻȻǼװԣҲô׵İ鷳
ȻʥǱûʲô⣬ôȥҪúоһ¶ϿʥȪˣ
ϿʥȪϣûôףʱûа˼ⷽ棬ȿʼожϿʥȪмص̫ż似
̫żƷ似Ͽվɱ
⻹ǺͶϿ໥ϵ似϶ϿʥȪ޾սֻҪѧΣܷӳ൱ֶε
ΪֹϿվɱ˵Ʒ似ˣһĴڣһдĹ似ƻΪֲ
ʥۺͳ֮⣬ûκ֪ǰۻ֮ǰʵһλ˷ԾԵ
ҪǣϿʥȪ޾սһױɱκˣȻֻϰˣҪԽǿԾԽ͡
뿪ʥǣֱܵ޹ŵȻʹսȥˡ
ʱ䣬ͽϿվɱ̫żƷ似˳ѧΣܹʩչ
һԶϿĴ߶Ͽһ⣬ֱƿճڶԷڣƻԷڵһУľɱֶΣ
Ҫ˵ƻѧεĶϿվɱеĿռ䴩͸Ҳ࣬һʤڿֱӹԷڣ
һѧһУǿȲĶ֣ǰһ֮У
Ѱĵ۾ǿߣһжˣ϶ϿʥȪ޾սпܹɱ۾ڵǿߣ
ԶϿվɱ򣬺ϿʥȪһЩĻһеɱضǿ
˵һϲ
ֶɱ˵ֶΣʺڱϣһ֣Ҫ֤ܹȡ߶Է
պۻ֮ǰõֶΣ˵ڽ
˵ۻ֮ͽӶ˽Լսڵõ־ɱֶΣȻˡ
Ͼ޷ȷھУܹõʲôǷԼɳܹԸ۾ڵĸĳ̶ȡ
죬׵۵ĵ״ӣȻֻǵ۾ڣʾ۷Ҷ΢ܻܵ۾ڵѰޣô۾ڵĸԸ۾޾͸ûʲôѹˡ
˵ʵҲԶˣ
ۣǷǳʵģܹȵۣɼʵֲûֶεĻпܰڸ
ѧϿվɱ֮Ϳʼʹд衣
ʹȻʶ壬ȴ۳һֳֺս
ڽȥĶսУһյһ֣ǶϿ۵⣬˲ڶԷڣԷնΣ
һ˵޶Ǻӣ׻֮⣬û˭ǿȺǿġ
ԣϿվɱ缸޵еĴڡ
˭գܹ׵Խɱˣ
ѾΪǿʾĹھܿ죬ͻΪ۾εǿߣʱ־ͲˣЩͬм츳ǣңЩŵĺ̨ԱڵҪǿö࣡
ʱնϿʥȪͶϿվɱ˵ǸպֲһЩֶεĲ㣬Ͼʹ˵ˣЩźпӵ޾սġ
û޾սսнᴦںܴƣڣƺܾܿͲˡ
ҪϿվɱСɾ磬ûôףд֮뿪޹ŵصʥ׼ҵϦһӲμۻᡣ
ûʱ򣬾뿪֮ʹ۳ɵʶ壬¶һοı飬Ȼ̾˿αʧ
ԴӸʥ֮ʹȫûǰطһֱͣ
ڣȻ޹ŵʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥ
һĻ뵽ǲǺ֮ǰ˵ģڴ㹻Դʯйأ


918 ǵ۾
ʥռУϰؾһãԴǿʾ֮󣬰µʱڣȫʥڶɹϺĸ໥ʢ˷ǳӰ졣
ϾʮһεۻᣬһεǿǿʾԵĻϰ
һʢᣡ
Ա֮صĵ۹ţҵϷŵ۹໥佻һЩȽ϶似ȵȣԷ֪ҲԼ̫Ӱ죬ʵȴܴǿһǿڸͳ
κ˵һܺõǿĻᣬȻᣬⳡʢУһһۻ֮󣬻ȥ¾Ҫ
ʱΣڿʼ˵˼תƵۻ
ۻᣬٰصߴ֮һľ
ܹΪŲؽ磬ʮܿһΣۻߣھһйĦ۾۷ǿ߾۵λãܹԴȥúпܵõܶԵõĻпܾͻˡ
һʢᣬԾ˵ҲǸᡣ
ʹ˵ģѾһС磬ھļΪŨľУÿʮ궼ᵮһЩĵرƵҩսȵȣЩ֮⣬лղӶ似
һǾҪ˽飬ھڴǩһԼҲҲ
Դˣûκ֪ΪʲôȴʹĿеֻ֪ͨؾʱ򣬱ѹȻǴɱ˱ˣȴҲ˵˾ͨ
ֻǾ۵ͨΪߴ֧֮һˣʩչܹκȫھУȫЭԲӳ
ڣȴΪڶǿ̽ĺõط
ЩܣȻ˵κǱ¶Լ;۴ŲͬѰĹϵ
ѡԼߣϦ衣
ˣھУкܶҪõĴʹĵϦˡ
˪濡Ҷ΢ĵˣȫʡ
ռУ˻ϣ֪ܿ˵ѡ
һ飬̤ÿ˶飬ҽ߱Լȫεˣ֮̽أͺпԶС
˪㺴СһֱһԼ϶ûʲôˡ
һ׼õ˪㺣ЦЦ˵
Һ㺶Ѿ̤ʾڣӦܳԴһĵڶĹˣ˵ҪڶĹٵӵлʾʵеĶȵһĹڵĺõöࡣ
˪ҲЦһЦ˵
ԴȻ֪ġ
ܹΪŲ㹬ڣֱǵһĹھĹеһĹʺε̽գڶĹʺϻʾε̽ĹȻͱȽʺϵ۾ǿ̽ˡ
ʹУ֪̤ؾ֮ǰ޻ڵ۾ܳһʱ䣬Ľ׶ΣʵҲǿ
Ϊ۾ǿ֮ˡ
۾ڹ󣬱һǵ۾һǵ۾֮Ƕǵ۾Դƣܹ߸ڵ۾׶ΣҪʽͨ
ͨʼͨٵʵͨǵ۵ͨ
һͨɾ͵۵Ǳһǵ۾ͨɾ͵۵Ƕǵ۾ԴƣΨ߸ͨȫɾ͵۵пܴ̤ؾż
ʣǰӴĵ۾ǿߣûһǴﵽ۾εģ˵ĳϻԱ֮һֻۣһͨ˻ʵͨ۵кܳһξ롣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôۻῪʼǰʹὫôණ߸ǰʹǺĽܶණģرʱﲻĲΡ
ȻʹԸ˵ȻԸ˵ֻкôһ;˽øࡣ
ңʹۣʦۣʵҲֻǶǵ۾ĲΣ֮ʥۣѾﵽǵ۾ĲΡ
ھУֻдﵽһǵ۾ĲΣʸ̽Ĺǵ۾ʸ̽ĹԴƣھĹﵽǵ۾Ĳβʸ̤룡
Ҳֻ̽ڰĹ˶ΪھĹǾȴʹе֪УֹŲռ䣬һռ䣬
еĿĵرһĹеĶԱȲУһЩ벻Ķ
Դˣʹû˵Ƕܲһ㣬ҪȻʹζҪǰˡ
֪еĿĵλڵھĹҪҪЦȻģκ֪ԼĿĵء
ھɱĶܽ͸¶κ֪
Ϧ֮⣬˪濡ĵˣ֪һ㣬һͽϦһж
ھǰٰ۾ѡûʲô̫Ȥ۵λã궼ûй䶯ˣһۻᣬҲʲô仯
ȻĦ۾ǿߵսʾ˵ǱȽõģпյĻҲǰĦһʱ䣬ʱ䲻̫ϾԼҪ
ׯ԰ߣͻȶһ顢ܰһ顢źҶһ顭ׯ԰УӲμۻײˣΪ໥֮䶼ǰٷ֮εģʲôΣ
޸ǱҲǲҲ̤˻ʾ濺ѩһ飬֮⣬һһ飬ɴͲߺɽһ顭
΢עһ£ûʲôһ˵ķ飬ġҶ΢ˡ
Щ˵ķ飬Ȼ˶ģϢҲѴ
ڳߣĺһֵһʱѾɹͻƵ˵۾Ϊһ۾ڵǿߣʵѾڵ
Լľ֮УϾԾ˽⣬ҪԶԶκһˡ
ҪԼھеĿģҪ̫ǿʵ
ʦ̷Ͷʦֵ죬ȻǷһ飬֮˵εģѾﵽ˾㵶ͱ̷һӣ̷Ҳǵ챳̶ֳȡ
֮⣬ٷһԻһ飬ƽʱܣ໥磬ʵ֮ȴʤκˣ˭۸һˣһ˾æ
Ȼһ׵ǱߵҪҶ΢
ϾҶ΢ӵпֲ̫ƷǱȽϹעģܿʹˣҶ΢Ǻ׵۵ĵڶ״ӣһ顣
ףЩøеģϾʱǰݷ׵״ǵʱֻһԸΪתϢ׵ۡ


919 ʯ
׵Ǳ״ӵҲˣϯ״͵״ֲһ飬״Ӹ͵ھ״ӻƲһ顣
леߺ͵ڰ״ӣ˵ͻƲϵҲ൱ãһ飬Ƿԣھ֮УĻԻܵѵ
׵۵ĵ״ԣڰ״¹ɺȫǵ۾ڵΪսȻض˵Բˮ½ʮ˳֮һļ껿
ڵȫ£޾һرھĵطǶԷ£Բʲô³
˵ӣͲǺܸȤˣûд̫࣬˾̫˷ΪܿҪŸľ̡
ֻҪ˵ĹʲôˣΪΨһǵ۾̽Ĺʵĵ۾ǿУһǵ۾Բһ١
ϰ˼֮ͨ㣬ֻ˶ѾҵԼԼߣȻ
ռ䣬ʩչһطʱռпռӿ˶ڡ
ϰֻǰ׹һǾͱ任λãһһ֮У
˶֮УһˣЩ𾪵Ķǰ
ˣ
εϰУгһĶǵһһ֣ͱ𺳵ˣֻһƬޱߵУһɭȻޱȵĹͷһʯߴɣգӴ֣ġ
ǿʯ֮Ĺͬһһ㣬޾ſĴţſĴţǺգÿǰͬһСһֻ϶硣
ô޴һȻֻǾ۵һͨݻɡҵͨû̫Զ
̲ס뵽
Ϊܹﵽ۵ĳ̶ȣôСУҲߴأ֮֡ͼڡȵȣÿһͨҲΪΪֲĴڡ
ֻ϶ǴﲻǸ̶ȣҲ໹ǳ
Ҫ֪۾ʲô綼֪˵ﵽ۵Ϊˡ
Ǿ˼ȻˣҪ뿪ֻһλᣬǾǵȴһºۻ
ʥƮƮȻǰ̧˵һºĻᣬҪص磬ֻԼ취ˡȻԼ벻ʲô취ֻܱ
ԴеģΪΧǰһŨľģҪ˵ؾޣǴﵽǵ۾ĲΣһŨľУֻ·һ
ҪֻͨռĴͷ
⵹Щ棬ռ䣬˵ʥ˭ģ
㣬ʹʹֻϧʹ֪Ĵ𰸣Ϊʹŵʱ绹ʥ
ռͨĴÿʮܿΣۻʱ䱻ΪʮһΡ
ռ̺ĿռǿȻɣˣҲҪۼʮܴ浽֪ͨҪͻƾΧǲѶж
ɴҲ󣬵۵ﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
ţʥΪףĵںϰؾǿ߻žڴйȥ
ܿ죬˱㾭˴е޴ʯǿʯϣһһֲɭκ˶еļ¡
һ۷ǰͷۣۣǿʥۣʱ˿̵ɫǺܺãȻǱʯӰ졣
˾ĵԵʣʱ˿̲ûʲôرĸܣǿʯͦеġ
С裬ʯΣ
ͷѹһϦ衣
ϦɫȻҲ̫ãҡҡͷоѹ֣ͺǿʯʱѹϽһ
ȷǾĵ⡣
˵ͷûж˵
ʯʲô
ʹûи߹֮ǰ֪ôһʯĴڣ
ʯº⡭
ţʯھ۵ĶΣʹûнѵʯǴطŪģ
ԭʯھſڣ
Ҫ֪ڲǳ˽ˣΨʯҲе״
Ԥ֮Ȼעǰܶʱϰ߶ϣһҲɡ
ۣ˺ܿ;ǿšġֵľʯȻ𽥿͹ڴſڡ
ȥѾԼ˫ǣʱ䣬ӦҲ쿪ˡ
ʥ۶˵ȻǣһŮϵ֣վ˾͹ڴſϷ
ţ۵ҲĶ
Ϧһۣ໥˵ͷȻҲǣ֣ɵڵĹſϷ
͹ʵ̫ˣϰ˾һ𣬾ȻҲȲǹڴŴ
жڼ䣬ʣѾôţɽȥʲôۻľٰ쳡ǰ𣿡
Ȼ˳ЦǣǶЩʲôȴţʵֻӣľڣֻʮŻһΣȻֻҪǣֵˣᱻֱӴͽȥԼڴ·ǴŽȥģҴû˵˭ȥ˻ܳģ
һһڶ޶͸ӾηˣÿһεۻῪĳþأ
Ϧǣ֣վȺ֮УΪڣ˵˾ڳŵˡ
Ϊֻ֪ôһ£
ۻῪܹǧʱ䣬ΰľ¶ûӭһˣȻֱӻŽͨصĿĶ
ȺУ˲١ˡ޵۹Ĵӡƶ˵ۡջʵȵȣЩһûôᡣ
ĲΣѾȫԽЩˣֻҪۻ֮󣬻ȥһ𽫱ѩ۹İͼ󣬽Щܱ߹̲ˣ
ڵȴۻڼ䣬кܶݷջʡƶ˵۵ȵȣȻΪԼһ·ȻûʱȥǣҲûʱȥǷϻ
˪ֻӴһЩõ۹еˣ̸Ϧ֮󣬺ЩѺԼһЩպĺĿҪԴĽף˫ġ


920 
žޱȵУϰһȴȴžʮһȵĿʱ䡣
ʵ֤۶ʱǺ׼ȷģ˴պʱһڹâӾĴſڴӿ˲佫˶Уÿǣŵ϶۳һ
ÿһޱصĸоȵɢÿжһĸо
Ϧ裬ԵĸܵԼͶԷѾһ֮˭һҲνԼ
ҪޣǩԼҲкٲ޲ŵģûǣ֣ϲûк֡
Ƭ֮ǣ˵˸ͬһʱʧ
ЩûǣֵޣֻȴҲǧˣʱ˿̾ȫ˾ͷһ·ڵľȴţʱɵˡ
;ֻиոôһ£Ǵ˻ᣬǾûκοܽȥˡ
⼸ǧ˶ʱޱȺڣеһ²ǣֻеǣһȻɿˣպɿʱ򣬾Ĵͳˡ

һޱ޼ʵĵ룡
ϰؾޣͻȻһĴ£ȫУ廷ԵЩϷȴһ˿谵΢â˶ɿõģ
ķȻûܿõľͷֻܿͷͬհ컨壬ɺɫʯɣɢŻ谵Ĺâ
Ҳֺɫʯ飬ϰˣǱ鲻֪ĺɫʯм䣬Ǿǰˣ
ۻᣬҲٰ졣
ǰ̧֣УһŹĻնɫʯ֮۳һս
Щս򣬱ٰۻģҪѡλõģϳμսһϵйպ۱˽жԾսʤ֮һпܳΪµۡ
ڴˣǷǳȤϳսҪȵһʼǿ϶ۿ۾ǿߵսġ
뵽⴦֮Ϧһۣ໥˵ͷ㳯ĳһڶκܿʧ
ڵĿĵأǵһĹڴǰľͷڵǰܹһ룡
ϦһʱҲǰзϦ豼еķ򣬱ϾҪǰһĹֻܳȥߡ
ܶʾ޲μۻᣬΪ˹ۿ۵λãΪ˵һĹڶĹȥ̽ϣҵһЩı
ҪҵԽõĶȻҪԽʮųıǱȫùˣ
һЩѰĵ۾ǿߣ֮λû뷨ߣǺԥĳŵһĹйȥǵĿ굱ȻǵһĹǵĹ
ת˲֮䣬ںɫʯޱߵڶɫʯ֮䳯žͷɶȥϰ˲˳һ롣
Դˣ۵ȻԤϣ۵Ȼǲô뿪ģǵְۻᣬѡʸս۵

ǰռǳʮȫɢ֮ҲԵܼϦҰмʲôˡ
鷳Ǻܿˡ
ΪĵطһûκιƵĵطɱˣûκͷɱߣ
ԣһ뿪۵ߣЩ˾Ϳʼˡ
۾ڵ̫۹ߣ鳯Ϧ輫ٷһһҼйƺ뽫ܡ
С裬ߡ
һϦ裬ֻһбֱմԽת˲䴫͵˰֮ľ룡
˲䴫ͰǾͨռĵĵ۾ǿ߶ӵǬĿռ䴫ս
Ȼʮ̫۹ǿߣȻа취Ūռ䴫սģ
һʩչֶδߣ̫۹ĵ۾ߣһʱӻͳһһսս˲ӿŨĿռģ˰סһ̾ʹ͵͵ĵط
ɱ
һ֣ͼˡʧ롱ϦˣȻֶͨκȻȥһ˲佫ҳɷ飡
Ȼһ£ȴ֪ԼǱˣˣǰӰֻϦĲӰ˵
Ϧٴδ߶մԽʮΣ͵ǧ￪ĵط۾ǿߵĸ֪ģ˵⣬Ͼ˾ƿطصġ
̫۹۾ڵߣ̽ͨ̽ⷶΧҲֻǧȻǧﷶΧ֮ڣǸҲκϦټ
ھƿصӰ£൱ڴ˵ĸ֪ʧˣӵһЩս߻һЩʱϦݡ
ǵ۾۷ǿߣҪݳڵλãҪʱʱ䣬뿪ԭˡ
Ȼǿڶ࣬ӵиֶ߲
˵ڰɣϦһ·մԽǧķΧͻȻ֣ԼȻϦֱһռ֮УҲ޷ռ뿪
һ壡
ʩչǿĿռֶΣǰݳᾭȻλ
ռʱ򣬳ϦǰģһһŮ۾ڵޡ
û뵽ȻǿʾĹھСӣǵȦأ
ŮޱȣźƣһϦ裬һЩԾӣȴһϲ֮ɫϹҪ׬ˣ
ǱϹĺӣǺٺһЦ׬ˣ֮⣬ôȻˣսپС޳Եɣ
칷͹һһŮ˵ƽˣû뵽ۻʱܵˡ
ϦһһһŮʱüͷ΢΢塣
ϦȻʵõǿĵһվֻΣûͻƵʾ
ϦڵʵҪϺܶģԼ칷͹һԵ۾ǿߣЩŵġ
Ͳôˡ
ȫǵ۾ڵ޶ǰֵõκκôο۾ڵļһ
ȻǾͱҲˡ
΢΢һ̣Ȼ˱ռסȴû˿ĵı飺似Ͽվɱ
һ̣д͸Χɢȥĵ֮ͨ
ڵд͸ռֶ֮Ѿǵĸ߽ͨ밵ӰĵĵʮϣټϾƿأռ㡭ֻ˲䣬ռͱȥ
һ̣һǳɫˮ˲仯һѼ⵶һ˸ʧˡ
Ͽվɱ


921 һĹ
̧ʩչϿվɱԶĵ۾ӡ칷ɫ˲üΪѿ
˱ϴżΪЦݣڴŽԼÿռסϦɱӶᣬȴȻʩչֶΣƿԼĿռ
׼ٴѹûü߶͸ܵ·һѷĵгڣȫǡ
һնʮ
ڶն߹ǣ
ĵֱӱǰسֵĵн˷飡
칷ѰӶޣû飬ôҲ벻ֶξȻ˿ֲܹ˲ƿµ壬Ȼɱ
ʱ˿̣칷ȻûȫѾˣҪǵһΪѾһ綼˶ױ
̶ȣ칷Ҫڶˣ
һԵŮӹȴǲ֪ôˣۿ칷ɫüΪѿǾȻѪ֪²Ǻܺˡ
ɱ
ŮӹδģʩչֶΣֹ
һƬɫȻ裬ϦΧȻƿطһ۾ͿʵԥϿվɱٴγ֡
֮ǰõĶϿʥȪ޾սѾõΪɱ칷ڴͳź׵ĳŮӹ֮ڡ
Ͽվɱ似ȻѧĲΣԸôޣֱ
ǹֻüʩչһлȫΪҲֱӱϿվɱϵ칷һŵϵȥһһŮˣôҲû뵽³
߰ɡ
һ̧֣һǳɫˮУϡ
УһĨϲ֮ɫʣϿվɱ似ʵսзӳϲȻɱѰ۾ڵޣһԵ۾ڵޣпֱӽԷϵˡ
Ȼ۾ڵޣǿȻȵ۾ڵҪǿҲȫסϿվɱƻôˣ޷صĲˡ
ܹϿվɱ߲ΣƻɱͻԽǿҲܶʱڽ似ȥ
ۻý絹һĺõطֻϧǵطÿֻ̤һΣҪϿվɱȽϸߵľ磬ѶȲС
ĵһΣգ׵ı
칷͹׷նɱȻʬմжռΪ˼УԴһҲֵǧң˵ѰоԵǮˡ
õĶҪײҪɲὫЩװ˷ѵ
ȻϦŵһĹķǰƾеմֶΣͺпܺϦһ𣬳Ϊһ̤һĹ֮һ
ǵڼĹ̤Ȼҵܶ౦ȻģҲΣգΪЩĹУÿξʮĻܣһЩ壬Щ屾ܵĽΧֵ巢𹥻ʵ൱ǿ
һĹڣͻᵮ൱ε壬ڵڶĹڣľ֮ŨԻᵮ൱ڻʾε壬Щ壬һ״ȴǾиʶĴڣҪǿɲס
ҲΪʲô޷ǰڶĹ̽ˣΪһʾεĺ壬޶ֻ·һ
ھľŲĹ֮УĵرǱЩתɵĴֻҪɱ壬еԼ硣
ʵ㹻ĻɱٶȣԱõҩÿ죬ҿƵ˺壬ԼƵ
˺̺һЩİӰԵҩģĹͨУЩҩĶƵҩľѲϣһҩģпƳƷҩŪ֣ҩĿ˵޼֮˭ɼˣóȥһõļ۸
ǲôҩģڻɱ壬ҲֻǰĹ˳ɱɱͺˣҪĿ꣬ҪÿһĹ֮УҵһЩ״̬ľ塣
ʹ˵־ɾŨľ۶ɣֻл㹻ľ۾壬ܹھĹ֮õλձأ
֮ңʩչմԽ֮󣬺ܿͿԽˣ̤һʱ֮Ѿǰľͷǰؾͺɫʯ֮䣬һڵĿռУǿռУͿֱӴ͵һĹȥ
ǿռвǺܴǰ˵˵С˼㣬ͬʱֻһ̤УÿֻܴһΣҲʹ޿϶кܴƵġ
˵ĻͨռУǰһĹỨѺܳʱ䣬кܶ˻ռǰ֣Ϊǰ̤һĹ
ϦʱռиȻûʲôˣ׾ٵ̤Уһ㴫͵˵һĹ
뿪֮֮ǰϾմԽȻ죬ӵпռսĻٶҲܻ̫
Ϧո̤ռʧ֮Ӱͬʱռſڣ˶ǵ۾ΪȻ׵۵״ӣ
״ԣ͵ڰ״¹ɺʵǳֲҶӵһռԵսȻֻϦƬ̡
Ȼ;ϦǱ칷һһŮٸˣҪȻĻٶȿ϶ࡣ
һ·ûˣϦ裬ӦҲûǾУϦ赽һĹ̾ͳֶԸǡ
׵۵ĵ״ɫݵ˵
ͻƲϵǳãǿʾУƲˣԺΪƲ챨
ˡ
һߣȽϵȻĵڰ״¹ɺȴҡҡͷһֱϦĶ򣬾ڸոգݵѶ˲ʮֹ֪ǿ϶Ѿת˿ռ䡭룬ǸոͨռУ̤뵽˵һĹУ
¹ɺ֮÷ǳ죬ȻҪľλҪѺܳʱ䣬ȴݳĶ
֮ͬһռĴݻһЩĿ굽һռ䣬ѶȾͻӣԣ¹ɺһ϶ϦѾ̤˵һĹ֮С
ٶȿ죬߰ɣ˵һĹȲǣֱڶĹǰУֻҪǸ̤ڶĹˡ
˵
ôżʲôǿԺǺú棬СӵԸ񣬿϶ֻǰĹжǰĹ
¹ɺ͸ڴ֮ɫȺú̽ǰĹȵ˵ĹٺǺú棡


922 ˫˫ͻ
Ȼ֪ʲô˶ԼȴȷڶԼҪԼ鷳
Դˣû̫⣬ΪֻҪǰٶȹ죬һĹĻǵ۾ǿ߶ݵλ䡣
ڣϦͳ˵һĹڴ
ʹ˵һĹֻܹһΧǴһǰһĹʱ޻ĳһΧУȻȥҵͨڶĹĿռˡ
ÿһӶһģһģԶѰ˵ҪҵһĹ൱ѣΨѰҲС
ϦͲҪˣӵʹڵطܹ׵ĸܵ۾λá
һĹÿʮһö۾壬λ֮УֻҪȵܵõö۾壬յ
ҪҪܹʮö۾壬һĹھĹеľ۾壬ܹպʮöһöܴ
һĹ֮һ˳ȥΧȫֺɫʯɵǽˣǰȫǺɫǽڣй߻谵ֺֻɫʯǽڷ谵Ĺâ˸еǳ졣
󣬲ȴҲԲʮ˵һ۾ͷҪ߳ռĵĻҪ̵ʱġ
ӵһĹʼĿռȫε״̬޷ʩչκοռԵģ
еȻҲɵĶϿģӰ첻󣬷ҪͲΪսģֶҲûʲôϵ
ǾǺ𣿡
ϦȻ˵ţȻξͳŲԶ˳ȥĺȻһֱӳһƮĺն˹ȥֱӽźն롣
ȻǺȴδ˶
ԴˣϦ軹Ȼ׼ģϾۻڼ˶пĶںȻ١
Ȼֻܽǳ𣬲ܹǣյڵ
ϦЦһЦǰڴ˲ըΧӣֱӽǺ峹
ţһСɾӺڴϦ̧գ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ͷ൱εĺ壬о֮󣬾൱ڷһöϹżƷҩ
Ϧıˣ˵֮ǰѾ뵽ɱջܶȴû뵽Ȼൽ̶ȡ
Ҫ֪⻹һͷĺ壡
Ҫǻɱ˻ʾΣ۾εĺ壬յ൱ϹżƷ̫żҩô
Ҳǰһ
ϦȻкܶԴ˵ûʲôõģΪܹõĵҩǶѾùöˣ
ȥøͬĵҩҲûʲô̫ЧڣЩȻǵǳЧ
磬ҲжԴﵽЧǾ޾ˣǽһ޳Ѩֻܵõö޾壬̶ȿ֪
УǵһĹԹƶʮͷĴڣ
ΪһĹܹһǰУʹٶʮͷ壬ڸܵϦ󣬷׷׳Ʈ
ٶȲ죬ȴҲҪֶѱ˷֣ϦҲ˾ƿأĸ֪ΧĴڡ
ϦΪʹ״ӣȻҲ˾ƿطģûôֻո˵һأˣΧĸ֪ҲѾѰ޵ʮֹ
СͷһֻϽɱȥһɣһɱ崿˷ʱ䣬˵˹ңһ㣬˾ٺܶˣǿԶɱһӣȡͻһ硣
Ϧ˵
Ϧ˵ͷڵֱ֣ͨӽͷնɷ飬Ȼе͸һ𣬳ط֪ľ۾ڷȥ
һ·ϣ˳ǰ·˶ᣬ;һЩҩݡʯȵȣΪѵ
ռЩҪʱ䣬ֵͣҲ˳ֶΪ
СˣھУÿʮ궼ܳôĵرĴڡ
Уȴζܳ
֮ǰǰĿСкСѾƻûҲһƬԵš
ٹǧ꣬Скͻ̮᳹ȫʧˡ
ڵһĹУϦٶȳȥˣҲþһпܵڣΪÿ˱͵һĹʱ򣬶Χĸ
ÿһԲжʮһǧܹÿռĵĻҲ㲻ʲô
ڣĹӡ˿ռģֻܲϷУ;кҪһͱȽˡ
Ϧ軹õģȷ֪Լǰķ򣬻˵Ļ֪ʲôλãҪҵҪʱ䣬ãҲҪʱܹҵõλá
ڣϦֻҪʱҵ;ѰҺȥɱٶȸ죡
ܹǧֱ߾룬ͨѣʱܹǧ·;ڼնɱͷ壬Ϧڳ֡
ϦնɱͷʱȫϢ˱仯Ȼʱͻˣ
ǿһμۻģ֮ǰҲûͻƵʾĲΣȻڡ
ȴû뵽̤һĹŲʱɱ㹻ĺ壬ʽ̤˻ʾΣ
ϦͻƵʱһԼڵҲѾŵ˾ŰٶֻҪܹﵽԲһǧĽ֮ٴδ̤뵽ʾڵľ磡
ԴǱȽڴģȻӻʾҪͻƵ۾ͲôˣȴﵽʾڵĻĻҲǿս
ڽȥ·;УϦûгˣȫԳ֣Ϊľ̺Ӷͻơ
ϦҪһĹʱڴﵽһǧʷ˴ȱ仯һǿ̤˻ʾڣս
̤˻ʾڵԸҶ΢Ļͱ֮ǰˣ
ϦӽһĹʱȴ־Ȼһ̾һʱ߶ƿأԼ˵γ


923 
Ϧ軹ҪһĹģڲȷԷΪ֮ǰðա
ϾȻ̤˻ʾڣҪԿ۾۷۾εޣǲһЩ
ոоǰˣֱӾʹ߶ƿؽԼϦñԷ֡
ȥγǰнܿͷ֣ڵһĹоȻѾޣܹˣȻǵ۾ڵޣ
Уޣ˫ľ۾帽ţƺʲô
ϦȻȫûзǣܿ˾̽ö۾Ĺ
۾壬һεĺɫˮ壬˿⣬еջ밵ӰϣһϱԶѰ˵Ҳõġ
ӣʮ֮һ̫۹ĳϡޣʮһŵĳϣǹϵǺܺá
۾Ϧ贫˵
Ϧʱǰһ뽫Ƿͷޣ޸ɵ
ô岻һˡ
΢̣ȶԸģޣޣ
ܿһƻ׼ʵʩ˵ʹǼƻʧҲʲôΣգһɹȴܹɵõ۾壬ҽǰĸһնɱ
̫۹ŵòɿΪ۾Ĺ۲ݣȴ䲻ĳһԡ
λ벻ǡ
һ֣˫۾ͽ̫۹ӣһ֮ɫλǰ̫۹֮һƶˣֽǳΣм۾壬ûκôǶ֪밵Ӱˣ
֣Ϧ赱ȻҲԣ⻰һȫһ
û˻˵Ļ٣Ϊ˭֪̫۹֮źĳԹǿʾУչֳǰӰԵ
޶һۣӶԷпһĨթ֮ɫ
Ǻ̫۹ļһƾУŻҪƽڼȻСʵҲǲģһĻǱض̫ܽ۹ļһնɱ
һⷽԼ˵ĻϢĴݵһ޶У
ȻʵǿҪԸֿ϶ǲܵģһ̫۹ˣٻͷԸӣһܽȫɵ
һתϢ˵ȫһļϣȫûлûеڻɱ̫۹֮תԸԼ
Ϊǵʵܹȫѹס˭֪̫۹гģ
Ͼǵ۾ڵĴڣŵޣʵǺǿģֻҪǣƣҪɱ̫۹ȫ׾١
Сӣ˵ĲȻˣǾȶԸ̫۹ˣͷɵý۾øǡ
һ˵ֱ꣬ӻ壬Ȼһֻɫɽèһ߶һȦ𺣣ס
޷ÿռĵĹ֮УֻסѰǺģΨһİ취ֻнʩչĵļһɵС
̫۹һ֣ʱЩֽţ˱ϾǼ򵥵ĽɫȫһˣûеֶΣ
̫۹ʧ˲٣ȴδʲôʧαԣ
һӳ˵һɱͷޣö۾壬øˣ
⻰һ޶ʱüͷ΢塣
Ǻ̫۹ʵ൱ʣֻҪԸһһܳʤƽб
޷ĵǣֱӾܾ̫۹ˣ
Ǻǣ̫۹̫Ԩвң뽫̫۹ɳʮ۾ǿΧңҪеֶΣ䵽֪³ǼΪˡ
˵̫۹һʲô˵ģ
£ֱһſڣһھϢһ̫۹˹ȥɢޱȿֲƻϢ
ֱӶ֣޵Ҳûԥ̫ãһͷɽè޲ϵʩչͨȻֻǵڰ졢ھĸ߽ͨûгΪͨ۾ڵ磬ʩչҲǼǿģʱ޷Կ
Դˣ΢עһ£˽޵սʽȻһİ취ǣĻ̫۹һȥľˡ
Ȼ̤˻ʾڣ͵۾ڵǿ֮仹Ǵڲٲ࣬ǻͲ˶ʮǺֲġ
ͷ޵㣬䲻һɱѽնɱҪ֪޵ǿһǱ޸ǿģԻɱοĹ֮УпռĶ޷ãȻҲ޷ʩչϿվɱ
һͷޣҪյǿսģȻһͷţޣɱ֮󲻶Ϻֱײ̫۹˲ܡ
һͷţײ̫۹ԳܲסҲᱻˣ
̫۹ˣЩʧأȴҲֱƹˤˣһʱ֮ͷ޷ɱǣǾȳᣬնɱ˵
ֻҪնɱ˶ˣǲ˿Ƶģ
һһ£ڴɹһֳֳֻ磬һӰɳ۶
һֳһѳ϶޵Ĺͬʱ䲻֧ʸ֧ʸֱ׼ࡢԴҾȻǻԶ׷Ŀļʸ
¸ıλã֧ʸȻ總֮ӰΣٶȼ죡
Ȼ㲻ǾӲˣ
¶޷㿪ֱ֮һݣʮö䰵Ѹֱۣ֧ʸȥȻ󱬿
ţȫ֧ʸΧȥֱӽ֧ʸٶһ롣
֮ϣ
֧ʸֱӴ͸֮Ϸֱ˫ֺϣȻ֧ʸȻûܶκ˺
һ棬ǿڷŵõ˽һһ棬䰵Ǻըʸ㡢һ빥֧ʸõ˴
գȻӲĳס֧ʸҪ֪֧ʸ̫۹۾ڳϵͨѾǸ߽ͨˣ
ôܣ
ʸ̫۹ӳϼ״ʱɫ䣬ôҲû뵽ԼĶȻһЧûС
ʲôֲֶΣȻܽļʸֵز
ҲʱȫϢɢԴ֮壡
һֲѹֱӳֳֳ˹ȥ̫۹ֱӱ嵱


924 
̫۹ӱԾıԴ֮סȥһ޷
׼ᣬͷɽèסӣͷսţʩչǿֶΣֱӳű˳ײȥ
Ҫ֣սţӹɣôһײֱӽײɣ౻飬һѪȻ˫Ŀʧȥ˺
ʮϣ
һӼ״ֱĿѣȥϵãҪǣÿڽʱǩԼ
ҲҲ
ȻʣӻδüӦΧռһϢ˲佫У
ԼЧˡ
һһ˱ضھµԼ£۾ε޸ûκη֮
⻹һμԼЧԭһžŨ֣Ȼ󳹵ʴʴ֮
֮ǰԸ칷͹һʱȻȻ칷࣬һﲢûȥûܿԼЧ
ڣԼЧˣ۾ǿߣԼӰ£֧Ųסֱӱʴ
ڿûʲôʱп
Ϊ̫۹ѾʣµĻͷޣɲΪһ»ᰲķ뿪
һ̣ûͷ޻عıԴ֮һγ֣
Ŀ꣬Ȼͷսţǿսţһײ̫۹һ϶ͷокˬأͻľȴֱ˵
ûʲôģʵ벻һŻʾСӾȻҳ֣
ˣСӣ
ǿսţסȻֻһ˲ȫ˸һâ˴״̬лָ˫ĿŲԶĿͨ죺Ϊţᱻµʽס
ţһ壬;кǿĿǿȣǱ壬ǵȻȻ棬Ǵ״̬нѣ
СӣڿûǸҪˣҪң
һߵĻɽèҲӦֱɱ
Ȼڴǰźˣ
죡
ֻһ̧֣˵ͬɫĹֱӴӳ۳Żɽè޺Ȼ˲佫ס
죬һһƷеǿֶΣ
һǵ۾ڵĻɽèᱻסʱ䣬ӵʲôֶΣѡ
ʱ䣬㹻ͷսţˡ
ͬʱͷսţֱײսұһײɷ顣
ȻᲽ̫۹ϵĺ󳾡
󣺾Ԩ
һ̧֣ŵѷӰȻֱ֣ͷսţײ·֮ϡ
սţûô⣬һѷУʱ˶鴤ȫƤʼڡ
ã졭ܡ
սţԼѣҲͷɽèȻһһѷϣһ仰޷˵ˡ
ԨƷʩչ˵޵еˣ˱˵Ʒ󣬾򵥵ľƷ󣬶ûм
ˣϵھżģ綼ûж٣˵ֶˡ
ԨһбƵҶ΢̫ƷɼһֶεĿֲ
ȻҶ΢̫ӡ״̬˵ûоѣҪȻĻҶ΢Ķֵġ
ϧǡ
һֱ֣նɱͷ۾ڵĿսţñסĻɽèһĿѣȻһ̣ҲԼΧ֣˲ҷ
ԭͷ׼ɱ̫۹֮󣬽Ҳڵģȴû뵽Ȼԥĳ֣ɵɱһǽղҰܣҰܵĺȻʧȥˡ
ھеĶһ˵һߣϾҶȽǿĴڣͷ̧ͷֻǾѣûҪһ
ϦȴԼκϢ͸¶ȥȻԷɱģǾûҪŹԷˣ
ǲܽ۾øԷģĻ˫гͻȻҪΪǿ
˵ʬ嶼ĵȻϦԭŵγ˳УԭƮڿеξ۾С
㶨ˣϽ߰ɡ
кһϦ裬һֱӾͶеǸռУȻֱʧ
һ̣˾ȥ˵ڶĹڵڶĹУܹÿһжһö۾壡
ϦĿ꣬ǽڶĹö۾ȫŪ֣ԱٶҹȥС

ҲϦ̤ϵڶĹһ̣ڵһĹ̽Ĳ˼ͬʱɫһ䡣
ر׵۵ĵ״ԣԼڰ״¹ɺһֱλãȻһ·ڵĵطϹ
ڸոգǷѶһʮ
ǰڶĹˣ
Ժ¹ɺСӵòôðɣֱӾܵڶĹȥˣ
Ҫ֪һĹһ·۸ӣȫûйɿԣҪҵͨڶĹҪѺܶʱ䡣
ڣȴֱ̤˵ڶĹܲ˾ȣ
ֻǻص˵һĹȥ
ɫһ²˵
ô룬ϾŲٵܣǾ˳˳ˮĹؼ
¹ɺȴǼΪ侲ķص˵һĹҲˡҪǰ˵ڶĹϾͿ϶ʲôܣҲŲţôãôҵһĹ
ǻ׷𣿡
Щҡһ䣬ոڵһĹɱ˲ٺ壬˲٣ҪܶĻɱ塣
ȻԸǿ϶ҪԼ֮顣
ĻᣬѵҪ׷ĹзĻ᣿
ȻҪ׷Ҫ׷Ҫٶ׷
¹ɺԣЩˬ˵ı֣һľԴȫǰĻᡭ
Կ¹ɺȴҲûи
¹ɺУֻʦܵһˣڣѸٵǰڶĹȻкܴϣõܣпܽһӵиǿ츳Դ
һõĻᣡ
¹ɺȻƽĻᣬûж˵ֻǴٶȣŰʱǰݵڵķѸٷȥ
ֻҪǰ켣Ǳ˳ҵǰ·ߣҲܸҵǰڶĹ·
ֱң
¹ɺţžɫֱ׷
ʱ֮˹Ȼ˵һĹ


925 ֱӿս
ʱ˿̣ܹһĹ˾ͱ֮ǰˣ̶ʱڣкüʮͨռУǰ˵ڶĹ
ȻϦ֪ڵλã绹ǱȲˣٶȵȻҲȽ
Щ۾ǿߵٶȱϦǿһõĻһҵһĹҲ
ȥĵڶĹ˾ûô׷ˡ
ΪڶĹĸܹжʮȵһĹʮ
ֻһ£пܱһ߽ҵڣܹʮҪҵѣ
һٵûʱ䣬пҵڶĹ뵽ĹȥϦ˵ʱʹˡ
̤˵ڶĹһ·ľͶǻʾεĺˣ˶ûжԸЩ壬Ϊ˵ĿҪ
ԣ˱֮ǰõеʮö۾壬κһöܴ
ǧ֮⣬ٶǰ
£ȡһӣһļƷս֮ǰ̫۹ѹģһս
ӻһ㽫ٶһ״̬Գܾã
Ϊӣ̫۹ϲŻôҵһĹ
ڣܹԾƿϢ;ĺ͸ǵĴڣٶȱ֮ǰ죡
һӻ谵ĵڶĹ֮мٴУһһ֮Уһʱ֮˵ڶĹĵһ
ʣûܱٶȸˣ
۾壬ֱ룬ǰ뻳УȻʩչط̽⵽һķ
߰ɡ
ϦкһȻһӣԼ˼٣һγһɶȥ
ʱ֪ǣҲѾ̤˵ڶĹҲϵв˵Ķ
׵۵ĵ״ԣԼڰ״¹ɺ
˶ǵ۾ڵǿߣ˵Ǹ̤۾֮Ѿõ¯࣬λֻҪʱˡ
ڲϵУʩչ׵۴ڵϹżƷ似ԱϦ軹Ҫٶȳ˿
ʩչʱ˵ٶȣȻڵϦһЩȥ˫ͬʱڶĹһ
һϦܿˣ㣬ǵڶԺ¹ɺ㣬޷ôɵĵˡ

ڶĹڶУ
ʱ֮ӭʮĵһˣǾֱϦ裡
㶨ˡ
ö۾廹ڣ˿ԼģҪǰ뷨ɾˡ
Ҫǰȡö۾ʱȴͻףѸԱһ
һ̣һӺͻϮ˲仮
˭
üͷ΢壬عͷȥüӢһɹһгһ׹ⳤӸոǵǴʩչġ
ˣеӡ׵۵ĵߺ͵ڰ״
ʱһֱӶԼ֣ǻŶģԽȥһս⡣
лЩɻΪʲôô׷ҵԼڣȴɻΪʲôԷôˣԼδܵԷڣ
Ҫ֪ڿ˵صľƿصģˣѵʲôֵϢİ취ɣ
ô˼ȻҲȶԷκαʾֱӻͷһھϢͬʱ۳ϰٸĹŲӰΧɢȥ
һĹŲӰֱľ۾壬Ҫö۾
ٶһ
¹ɺ˵Щ滰ҳ׳еһЩܣȴû뵽һ仰˵ֱӶˣ

һ˲仯һ׹⣬һԣֱӶ㿪ľϢ
Ȼ˾Ҫͷжһ˶Ըһ˶ԸϦ衭ȻǿڵľϢȴǷһתһΪϮ͸ŹɭȻϢ
ľϢڿͨ߱Զ׷ĿĹܣô׾似㿪ģ
һ̣˸ʩչһзֶΣǿھϢסȻʱҲѾ۾С
ϦһԿжҲȫûдڳУȫ۳ģ׵۵״ӣʩչ֮似
似ǼԻԵ似ʹڸǿ似̫żƷ
ԵϦ賬أһҲ֮ԻסгϦӰΧϿ
ҪһϦӰϦӰͻʧȻһطһϦӰ

ۿֱӶ֣ǵڰ״¹ɺҲ÷ϻֱһֱ̧֣ıһâ
ʶʩչĶȻȴͻȻʶĹ֮޷ÿռĵģ
ôһ㶵ʱ䣬ǵâֱӺϣ˸֮£ȫ׷ס
һпͨ¹ɺյͨ
Ͼ׵۵״ӣȻֻе۾ڵΪȴҲ֮ǰЩ۾ڵļһѶԸöˡ
ҲȥԷʶԼģôֹԷʱʩչɱ׶༪١
һ̣ϰٸĻĹŲӰ붯۳һöһöĶ䰵ǣ¹ɺΧȥ
¹ɺֱӿס˵Լܣԥһ¸ʲôֶζԸôһԥЩĹŲӰҵ˻ᡣ
䰵ǺȻ¹ɺУȻȻ
һϳ¹ɺΧסЩ䰵ǺըµƻôһʱӹȥĿ״̬н˳
ס޷ʩչκֶΣ˵ֻһֻ׵ĸ
Ȼڣ⣬ͲôжԷһˡ
ƿءأ

ֶͬʱʩչֻĹеĺ壬ûжȫأԷˣڣʩչȫ
¹ɺǸոմ֮ѳԣʱʧȥټͷ·ȫʧһ
ԣ
ѳ֮Ի֮ʱϦһйˣԳһĵϢȻֱԵԺС

ԶʱŭĿһɣȫ׹׹ܣȻ˳ȥ
˫վ̫ҪԶսϦ軹
ȻҲСѾͷȴǻڣֱӽץסСӳ
¹ɺһλһ˲Ϧ豳


926 ȵ
¹ɺҪ͵ϮϦ뷨ͱµˡ
ǶԷҪĿ꣬һʧԷôʾȽϦŮƷ
ȻܲµԷ뷨ȻöԷóѡ
ոҪ֮ǰѾ㵽ǰһĻֻ¹ɺϦʱа˵ͬɫĹȻֱ֣ӳ¹ɺڴȥһ̱㽫ѹ
죡
ϦԲ˰죬һƷȻǵ۾ڵ׵״ӣ¹ɺ˿̶ֱӱס׶ãȻʶܿΧһУȴ޷κηӦ
ǰ˵̵ڰ֮У
ˡ
һԴžŵѷͻȻԱ֣߳Ȼűѹס¹ɺȥƷ󣺾Ԩ
Ԩ֣ŵѷֱƿռ䣬쵽˱ѹ¹ɺϣֱӽУһۼû
ҪսֶΣǿֶκԨԨƻӹɣ˵ǵ۾ڵޣǵ۾ڣܽһɱ
ڿֶξͶˣԴ֮塢졢֮֡ӡȵȣǿֶΡ
סȻԨһɱ
սйˣȻֻȷܹɱԷʱŻóȻĻпܱй¶ȥҪٳ䲻ɱ˾ûôˣرڶϿ޷õ¡
ϿʥȪ޾սܹ߶ֻϧ޷öϿĵĻϿʥȪ޾սҲӲûҪڱ¶
¹ɺԨ󳹵һޱȾ㵵ҲǱһŨΧȻʴһۼû¡
󣬵ڳ˲Դ˵ҩսȵȣЩûҪԼˣϾ׵۵״ӵĶ˵û˻龿˭ɱˣñ˵սãҲ̫׵ûˡ
׵ۻкøУԷɱԼԼȻҪɱ˶Է֮ҲˣԷµЩ˵ҲֵǮɴкˡ
ЩԴ֣Щ˻̤ĹҲ˵
߰ɣȥ·ӦǱȽϰȫˡ
Ϧ˵ţ˱һеĿռн룬̤˵ĹڵĹֵĶǵ۾εĺ壬ߣҲֻߵһǼ֮ˡ
ھ̤ϵĹģֻϦ˶ѣ
ҲֻǾΧ
Ϧ費֪ǣֻһЩͬ˾֮Уǰٶһǳ죡

Ժ¹ɺ˵ĳֻ֣ǸСûʲô̫Ӱ졣
̤ϵĹʱ֪Ĺܹʮ֮⻹αȵڶĹӸ˺ü
Ϧ˵㲻ʲô⡣
Ĺˣĺ嶼ǵ۾εģպܽնɱ
Ϧһ˵Ҫǵ˵Ĺеĺ壬һǵ۾ĲΣǿɾͶԸˡҪ;ɱһЩ壿˵ٶҲǿ졣
ס
ȴҡҡͷĻÿʱÿ̶Уһһȡһеľ۾壬ǴпɾͰˡҪסһСʧ󣬶ȥ֥顣
Ҳԡ
Ϧ룬˵ĺеһһҪǲС汻˾۾壬̫ˣ
һһǧ֮⣬еһٶȹȥ۾ȡߡ
˵һ䣬ȻϦ裬ȶǼսԼ˵ķٶֱһࡣ
ʱܹõ似ȸ֮ˣռĲܶãͨ似ܲЧ
ƾȸ֮裬ϦٶȲŻô죬ڴ˶ûڶĹʱ򣬾Ѿ̤˵Ĺ
Ĺ֮Уûʲô⣬Ϧٶ߱Ĺеö۾塣
ţ˱ֱ̤˵Ĺ
Ĺھ˵ڽķΧΪֵĺ壬붼ӵ൱һǵ۾ʵ
ĿֲǿߣĹҲֻ·һԸһֻѾˣοѸٻܵĻиΧʱζӲ
Ϧ˵⵹ǺܴΪ˶˾ƿأرѾ˵صĲΣһǵ۾εĺ壬ҲֲΡ
Ϧ裬ȻڵĹڵĹĹȵȣʲô̫⡣
Ϧڣٶȵõ۾壬Ȼ
ǵڵĹǰһʱȴһ˿ԾĵطΪĹڸ󸱵еĺȻȫͬ
еĸУĶǺ壬ٳɰǧͷеĸУȴһͷûУ·һ
Щɻ
˵ʱ򲻿ܹĹŶԣڣеһǵ۾εĺ壬ȴѾࡣ
ϵ֮ǰ˽һЩ֪Ѿ˵Ĺ֮Уֻǲ֪Է˭
ҪӿٶˣҿûڵĹ̫á
ϦΪ˵֮ǰжϣȫˣϾ˭µĹȻ˽ȵˣ
ĹУܹÿһָĸͬҪܱĸҪ൱ʱ䣬Ϧѧ˸֪̽۾طڶ̶һʱڼʮö۾ġ
ʱϦ˵Ĺеĵһ
֮ĵһۣһ룬ԭӦƮŵľ۾壬ȻѾˣ
һ
Ϧһۣ˶Էе֮ɫǶԴڿνУ͸Ĵڡ
ô죿Ȼ˽ȵˣ
ϦۿżƻҪʧܣʱЩҡ
żȻǰһ
ԤҲܲãû취һǾǼȥǾʹ˷
ղ㹻ľ۾壬ôǰ˵ھĹҲǴ򲻿ڣ൱ǰĶù
ǲһ̣Բ
Ȼ֪һ˾۾壬ǾֻҪҵˣٴжͺˣ
ȻڵĹôȡ۾ˣ϶Ǳһǵ۾Ĵڣ˵Ƚȴӵкܿٶȵأ
ڻ֪˭ȡ۾壬뽫ƻȥ


927 һǵ۾
Ĺеһʱеľ۾徹Ȼɣһֲ̫õԤС
ϦֻܼѰȥȥĿ꣬Ĺĵڶ
ѰУ˾ͷ;ȷвٸѾǱ˵ģɼ϶ѾĹ
ⲻܰ
ϦһǰмɣһüͷڶĹͲ˵ˣǶ˵ĹôģѲɣЩ취ֱĹ
Ҳ˵
˵Ȼ˵ֻܴӵһĹʼߣֻʹ˵Ļʹ¶ûĹѾı䣬þĹı䣬ô϶ֻܹõˣһ·СΪϡ
Ļô˵ܹͨƿطΣϦ˵ֱġ
Ҫ֪ڵĹɱ¾ģһǵ۾ĲΣҪԲǶԷ֡
ıֶζᱻԷʶƵĻʣϦ׶༪٣ٶʹϢԴûãΪϢϾʵ
ɲǿߵСкСӡϷˣˣھϦ֪Ķ˵㣬ҲӲǿٵ
˲ǰУ˴ʱڶѾԶˡ
ʱȴܵбﴫһ֮ȻǱս졣
ߣȥ
Ϧֱӳű촫ķȥôҪ֪˭һ˵Ĺ
Լľ룬ʱ䣬ϦԶԶĿսĳоȻӰ
Ľ棡
һϳһӰ˵ڸϣĽ棡
˵ڸϣܹʮˣĽ֮һĹ˵ʵǴﵽһǵ۾ĲΡ
ʱ˿̣ĽȴôãΪ˾Ȼֹ
ܿ죬ָܵսĽУи˵Ӱͬ˵ˣӦĽͬˡ
ĽսӰһһŮеĿʣŮģ˾ȻЩ֣
˵޷жͣԷŶʮģȻӵһǵ۾ʵ츳ڶġ
ȻʥôãûһһŮ
˭
ûжȥϹ²⣬Ͼ̫ˣ³ĸ΢΢ûҪùֻǺϦһʩչƿأȫԼ˵ϢȻԱ߹ս
еĽͬѾһһŮˣȻĽһжһ߱˵ͬ飬һ߱Լ
һһŮĹƼΪңּǸֲͬԵ𾪵ǣ˾ȻʩչֶΣ
ȻֻһƷ󣬵Էʩչ˳ɾˡ
֮ˣôھ͵˵ĹУĻ᲻кܶǵ۾ǵ۾ȵȣǰ˺漸Ĺ
һӾ뵽˺ܶ࣬սֳּһ浹ơ
ڶԷ󡢵۵Ľ£Ľ漸ԵֵԼٶȱĵ˵Ľĵ۵ͨǷͨȥҲֲ˶á
һһŮƺڵϷĽһȫûֱɱ֣ϷʣСͷϽ۾彻Ȼԣǻòͷ˰ɣ
Ľ֪ڷֻ·һ˵ȥҲܻôһϣ
һŭĹУ˭ȵ͹˭֮˾Ȼǿ治˷ﲻɣ

ŮӽЦһַųһؿֲ棬Ľ˰Χճɻҽ˭֪ôأ
ĽŭɶȻʵȴıȲ϶ԷһһŮ֣ڶԷĹ£Ͻڽڰˡ
󲿣ʲô
ţʱ˿̣ѾҪˡ
ʣӳ˵ĶԻпĽϿ϶о۾ģ˵һһŮҲУ֡
һ棬Ľô˵Ҳ˵ˣȻ佫ܵϢ̫۹̫֮۹ĶԹ˴δμӹںܶ෽ܶ෽档
Ľ棬ֻ˵̫ԨѺܲ˻Ǻܲġ
ǿɶһǵ۾Ҫ֣һ⣬ǿɾ͡
Ϧ֪Ĵ㣬ʱһ
޷˵һǵ۾Ҳ޷Ǿǽһͨ˵۵ͨ˵ĵ۵ͨǹͨӦûʲô취ҵԨ
˵οǶôãǶûǣɼƿطǻԻõģ㲻ɹҲܡ
š
Ϧ˵ͷȻǾ̫ðˡ
һûʲôΪûԼˣȴûһԼأ
ԲûУϾԷпӵʲôֶθԴ⡣
ô̾ͳˡ
δóȻܳȥһһŮգΧȻʼðһƷһþ
̬ԽԽȵǣʱһһŮȫûвƿطЧʵֲ̫ˡ
ƲһһŮǰеķֱв°ȻĽڽڰˣһһŮҲ𽥿
ܿ죬Է׷Ľ˰

һܹʮɫͻȻкȻֱӳһһŮϮȥ˳ѹסˡ
ɹˣ
ͻı仯ĽһʱȻҲۿǿʾϵıԣȻϳˣ˵ʩչһֶΣܹѹһʱ䣡
ѵˣ
˵˺һֶΣ
˵ŻʾΪĹŶԣǿ
ĽһôڰúץסλᣬĻ¾ڣ
Ʒ캮
ĽһӣһжƷֶʩչֱסӣ
֮ǰһֱƣӦԶԷĹƣûᷴڸյõĻᣬֱӾһǿĹֶΡ
캮Ȼ۶ӣ·ռжһƬռеľĶƺ䶳ᡣ
һǵ۾εǿʩչĶƷ
˿ȴ֪ҪƾɱһһŮƺЩǿˣΪһһŮȻסȴֳһĨɫ
ѵȫѹ
һϾֻлʾΣʩչѹ̫ǿٶһǵ۾˵Ч΢΢
Ըǵֶοɲֹһ֣


928 ʵֲ
ĽһжƷ캮˲Ϯȥʲô󲿵һһŮһЦȫ˲ɫâʢȻһ˲ͻ˰ķ
ʲôֶΣ
һԿúԷɫâŵʱǰİ˵޵ֿıݻ٣Ȼɫâ˲סĽ캮˫ײһ𳹵׻Ϊ飡
һ󡭡ϢȷɣһȻֽ⿪ƵѰˣ
һ֪ԷʲôֶţڿԷŵ
ȴǲܵģ
⡭ҳ
һɵŨ˲˷Ʈɢ˲佫һһŮΧ
ԤϣڵĵطǾĵĹʩչһеȻõ˴ǿپȹ̶ֹ̳
Ϊÿռбͳ൱ŨľһУʩչٶȼ죬ǿ˺ܶࡣ
˾ڵһһŮһʱ֮Խɢ̶ȣĽﻹ֪ȷ߰æˣ
Ľ澪ȵǣ̽ͨȻȫ̽⵽ʲôطޱȾ棬СӣؾεֶΣôǰĹİɣ
Ľɲκδ⣬ȫĲӿ֣óǺģʱ˿̣е¶˲½˼ĳ̶ȣ
Ҫ޻ҪĻһ˲ɱɼط¶жͣ
ڵ۾ε˵¶ȵӰ켸΢΢ˣҪǣĽȡΧʩչԼһлʵͨ
Ľ棬һǵ۾ĲΣΪ˵ڸϣʵһָġ
һǵ۾һе۵ͨǵսֻе۾ͨ
Ľĵ۾ͨǷĻʵͨƻҲ˲ᣬ·һ㳯žȥҪƾ˸һһŮһЩ鷳
Ҳûţ۾ֱ֮ӷĵ棬һһŮֱɱȥͬʱһ̧֣һڹм
֮ǰǿʾùģƷĥ
ԸƾףƱסʱǺܿˣһĥĵӣȫᱻ
ڣĥһγֱ֣Ӷ׼󲿵Ůӣǵڹת˲ţ׾ٵĴ͸ķ͸ڡ
ڹ͸ڣ͸о˲Ծһʱ䷴Ӧȫɫâһʼתȫʼֿʴڵĥ
Ůվһǵ۾ǿߣܱŪһȴҲжڽȥʱڣڳ飬ֻȽĥҪȻĻĥŮҲˡ
ڵУ˶ԷжѾʤϧǣǵ
Ůӿͬģ
󲿵ƺܵŮӵ״ŮӸǰʼĵ桢˵
ţһڹдܳѸײڶ֮Ƴ˾֮ڣȥ
һĥ
ǶԷ˶ĥסȥͺжˣֻϧֶͬζ˵ǺЧġ
ڣ׼ȫ˼ڷϣĥĺڹֱ֣һ̧֣һϹȻĥĺڹ⳹׷顣
ֶͬΣԸˣҲ̫Щ
ЦһȫȻһɫĹͬһ㳯ΧӿȻʼɢ
⣬̣
ԥ߶ĵҪӹ̾⡣
ҲʱĽǿĹƽ٣ֳһѺ޽޽ϺۣһŮͷնȥ
ŮȻȫԿĥʱ˿ڲֹֻͣɢ⣬һԿѺ޽
ɫâ֣γһɫǽĽѺ޽סɫâȻĽ󣬳ȫҫ
Ȼܷ
Դ˻Щģһ߷Ĺһ߷ŮӵĹһ߻ܶĽ淢ɼʵԼΪ¡
ӣһǵ۾УǼΪǰ˰ɣ
ɱǣҪң
Ľȫĸ֣γһ麮ףȫΧĵ۵֮ͨףΪֲ
ϹڿĽʱ򱬿ֲƻǺ֮ײϷ飬ȻǺ֮׵޸ȴǼΪֲ
ըһ飬̾һ飬һҪ㺮֮׾ҪǿǶԷҵ֮׵
ͬʽõöˣԷҵܿ죬źüϹں֮׸Ǻ֮׵ٶȾͼһЩȻǼϹҵ˺֮׵ڡ
֪²˳٣ȻĽֻܷǹֻԼˡ
ǰģһǵ۾εĿֲǿߣʮձǿöֶΣ
֮֡ϢֶΣԸԷһöûС
ԣֻʩչֶˣڶԷæɢͶԸĽʱֱ̧֣ڿռѸۣţŵѷи֣˲䳯ȥ
ͬʱʼΧһöһöĶ䰵ǣϻĹŲӰһۣÿʱ䶼ܶϰö䰵
飬ʩչʱͿʼˣѾǧö䰵ǣ
֪ǲģһЩʱ䣬ö䰵ǵﵽ࣡
ԨƻȻεģؼͶԷ̫ԶˣϵѹöԷпܽԨһƽ
ĵĲǶģΪܿ죬Ȼȥľŵѷ죬Ȼֱӱɫâס໥Ȼ˭Ҳκβ˭
ʣߵѷ죬ЯƻֱײӵϣţƷԸ׻ʵǴ´ģȻԾǣӱߵѷֱУȻûֱӱݻ𣬶˱ߵѷ촩͸Ȼˣȴûȥ
ʵֲ̫ˣкС
Īһǵ۾ʵȻͬ죬ӵҲǿñ̬˿ڵĳ̶ˡ
ʱԨƷ󣬶˵ɱﵣ֣ҪԸǿĵˣֻ۳㹻Ķ䰵ǣȻͬʱС
Ԩ޷ɱӣɼǼһķֲ
Уǧ䰵һͲһܳܵסˣ


929 ɫѪҺ
֪ǣʩչԨʱ̲ס⡱һ£ɫȴûκθı䣬ɼǼΪ졣
ȻӦϳԨΪȣʾʩչԨвر޴
ΪϳԨʶΪǰг֮ǿһУȻжκβ˲֮أȥʱˡ
ȻȴûܸоΧľУ䰵һöһö۳ҽȫȫռˣ
ԨѺۣȥϣȻӵȴδ˺Ҫ
桭
дŲ֮ɫͷ촽ƺҪɱһˡ
Ȼһ̣ΧͻȻһֲĺ䱬һöö䰵Ǽһܹǧöͬһʱ
һö䰵ͬʱը㹻ɱͬһĶˣڣǧö䰵ͬʱƣһö䰵ǱҪǿϳɰǧ
һǵ۾ǿȷǳֲȴҲԵֵס˿ֲĺ䱬
ǧö䰵ǵĺ䱬ܹʱ䣬ʱעȫû¶һ˿һţһԷܻţɾʹˡ
䰵Ǻ䱬ʱĽҲٶȵ˿ȥܿ˶䰵Ǻ䱬뷶ΧȴҲ΢Щܵһˡ
Ľ澪һк䱬ƻɫȴǺܺãΪһƣһܽԷɱġ
󲿡壬ӵһطܹΣյʱԼʲôֶΣܽһɱ
ĽмΪ裬ҲʱһƬɫâȻͷ֣ǸӵӰһâɽ⣬նԴĽ棡
ڷ͵Ϯˣ
Ľһȫۣ˲γһͷס˶˺С
ڰȻһʱ䷢һĻȻһۿȥȴǳһӵȻڸոյĶ䰵Ǻ䱬ˣȻȫȴûʺѪҺеֻɫѪҺ
ʲô£
ԣû˵ʲô˵ѪҺȻɫģǿԿԷȷڸոյĺ䱬ܵˣҪҲôɫѪҺˡ
ĽԿȻܵˣܷӳȫʢ״̬µһ룬ȻֱӱĽԺס
һ̣ǸŮӵҲһͬըȫɫѪ죬ֻǲδĽ淢˼ΪĹơ
ȻӱĽĺסŮӰľͬӳ˲ӵʵ
ĽһжԭǴھԵƵģڣһͣȻƽ֣Ҫ˶ը˲ˣܷӳʵΪޡ
Ȼ֮Ҳκд󣬶ԸĽȫʩΪֶɫԲ֣׾ٴνĽ泹ѹס
һԣͣѰһᣬȻԼܶԶԷвֶζѾʩչˣٳֵĻֶͬμκЧпܱ¶Լ
һĴڱ¶Ļ˵һجģпܱԷһоŪˡ
ϾԷһǵ۾ĲΣۻҪǿĴڣ
Ȼռεıˣ˶Էһ⣬ֶͬξԲõڶΣȥֻʣһᣬǾսֵĹؼ׶ΣʩչԴ֮壡
֮ǰһǵ۾ʩչʱڶԷʵ̫ǿ𵽵ޣ˿ûѹסֱӱԷһɫâ⿪˿ơ
Ͳһˣһ˫ΪģֻҪ֮ɵıԴ֣֮ضܽһʱ䣡
ֶΣֻڹؼʱʩչһбضܹ춨Եʤ
ĽǶ˵սΪңɫâͺĵȻ˵ˣҲȫĽ档
󣡡
Ľ˸䣬ۺĳΪһʸŶԷ˷ȥڶԷɫâƣǱĺ֮ȫֵס
Է֮ǰѰҵ֮׵ԷˣҪ֮׵൱ѡ
ʸڳвϷ裬սмΪսƣȴ󲿵һһŮƺڳŽϢ˵һ𽥿
һ㣬Ľƺδʶ
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˲뵽ʲôھУÿ˶ǩԼģĽҲ⣬ôǸ˵ߣȻĽԼߡ
Ҫ˱ɱĽ̾ͻ
Դ֮壡
ԥֱӽһʩչ˳һɾ۵ƺȻȫһھʩչƱƽǿ࣡
Ž߲ϿһһŮֱӾͱһиסˣԳΣһĽݳϣɱ
һ̣Ԩٶȳ֣ѷѸ쿪ȥ˲ϣһνӹᴩɫѪ˲˳
һвûܽǼһɱĽһȴҪ˴ȴĽڴӻȡһѺɵĳսսȻϹżƷսѾĽϵϵĲΡ
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һʱ䣬㹻ܶˡ
Ľһռ䶼׶ˣϹżƷս໥˫ʱ̣ѳսǿʱ̣еĳ̶ȣοһһǵ۾ʩչ
һ
ʸ˲䴩͸ӵĺڱ״ֱ̬ӶϾһĻһǽˡ
Ľȴûκ֮ɫѵСˣСӣ󲿵ǿģڵɫѪҺܹٶκܵƣԴпܸԭ
ʲô
ԶʱһžͼӺ䱻˿ڣȻʼԼٶ
壡
ԥٴʩչ壬ֻϧڶζͬһĿʩչʱ佫һ롣
⣬ֻ㹻Ľٴһһʸٴ䴩ӵ࣬һֱӽԷ඼䱬ˣ
һĻֱĿģԷĻ벻ʲô취ɱԷˡ
ѵʲô󲿵˶޵еĲɣ
Ȼǲܵģֻ󲿵ĳǵĻָüΪֲѡ
ǲµˣҲ벻κνİ취ڵ磬ʵ̫Щ


930 
ʵ֤û޵еģ֮ˣҲܹɱģɫѪҺڶʱڵЧԽԽ
һοԷͷ­ԷпɫѪҺȥڶλԷ࣬ԷҲпɫѪҺȫ
ٴԷԴԷû취ٴθˣ
ɫѪҺʱڲظЧΣ⣬ҲĽṩ˻ᣬʸȫǻʾֶͨΣƻԳֶεİٱֹ
ν󲿵նɱûܹ˿ʼڣˡ
㾹ɱ
һߣŮӼ״ʱ񶾷ŭ֮ɫĶĽ棬ȫɫâʢ
ѵӵԼߣ
״ʱüͷ΢壬ҪȻĻӱɱŮҲŶԣ
ǵȷǩԼӻδ͸ЩɫѪҺûкĹ֮ǰԶ
ĽصĽ͵ȻǼһҲŲ˶ãȫƬֻܼʱ䡭
ʱ䣬ȴǳˡ
ֻҪ͸ŮӱҲȥ͸֮ǰŮӻʱʩչһЩֶΡ
ɱˣضúѹʥأʹɣ
Ůôһ仰ɫâֱӳĽڴϮ
ƺһ֮һݣ̴߶߶Ҫһɫâ
Ȼȴ֣ЧȻɫâЧ
ˣʩչƿصصطȻҲȫҲɫâڴ
ֻƬʱ䣬ǵɫâҪϣ
ҲʱһӰȻֱǰȻסǵɫâ
Ľ棡
Ľݳϣ
ɫ΢䣬벻Ľ澹ȻԼֵâѵа취䣿
Сӣö˵ˣ䣬ⱲӶᱻ󲿵׷ɱǱԶԶֹڴˣȻῴȺ
Ľǰ͸һĨһ֣Ͳֵܱס˴ȥܡҷѾˣٱһΣҲûʲô̫ˡ
֪ǵɫâȻһ֮ƺ׷ԶǶԷλãȻ󲿵߶䷢׷ɱ
ֶΣ˵ǼΪĻ˵ܿͻ󲿵˹׷ɱڵʵǵֵסġ
Ľ棬ھŮӱȽϽֱӱУȴŮӷų䣬ǵɫâסˡ
һ侹ȻĽһͷϣ
ۿһĻŮüҪѪδȻܳ䣡
һӵĳǲȫˣȻɱϼһȴ޷ɱǸֵСӣ
Ȼӵ׶ϾŮҲûʩչһˣһĵӰ֣Ȼ㱻Լ޾ޣɫѪҺЧû˿ֿ֮
УʱֻʣĽˣϦ軹ڰУý仹һ˵˳ϣҲĽͬ顣
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㶵ĿǰĽ棬ôû뵽ĽΪԼôȻԼס䡣
˵ˣ䣬ڵϦ֮䣬û취˵ʲôˡ
ĽͷͰ¶һЦݣСӣ츳Ͽڴһұʲôˡ⣬֮һξ֮Увͬ˽ˣԲŻᷢЩ顭
ֻҪǴﵽһǵ۾εߣһ˽ĿռֱͨͨĹȻ֪ôģΣСģ
Ľص˵
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֪ΪʲôԷȻԼ죬ô˵ԼҪѼȫľ۾壬ȫ˲ܵˡ
ǵĹĹأֻҪǶǵ۾ǵ۾ֱӽȥ𣿡
̲סʵ
ô˵󲿵˲ôĽ滹ǿԶ˵һЩġ
ֻͨͨĹҪǰ󷽵ĹҲֻܴӵĹȥСֱͨĹͨ·һ飬ؾڵ۾Σ֮¡
Ľҡҡͷ
ԣ֪Ϊʲôʹ֪⴫ͨĴˣΪ⴫ͨǺ֮˴ģʹûȻǲ֪ġ
СӣӦңʵһҪΪұ𣡡
Ľ¶һĨ֮ɫҼлȥĻᣬԺͼˡ֮ˣȻȻƻأҪǿҵĶȻҲǵ汳
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ˣⶼǶĲطѹӣΪݡ
Ľ޺޵Ҫʵ̫ǿ͸ˣ죡
ϣֻһ׷طĻҲһǱˡ
Ȼ뵽һ㣬ſ̽һ壬˵ܰ䣿
ð׷ˡ
ĽתЦ򣺡֮ˣȫѪҺҲ𽥱ɫһɢһζѰŲ󲿵ˣǸ˺üС綼ܸܵǻᷢǿ֣ɱ֮ˣҪֻ֪֮˽ʱܹʩչ䣬ζ󲿵ĵˣǲܷŹ㡣
üͷ΢壬Ļȷûʲô취ܹ䡣
ûʲôգֻҪԿһԵĻǽԴϲһ뵽ԷֶΣǿģôܸһʾȥˣ
ҪƾҲľЩЩҲûʲôĹЧվǷˡ
ˣڸϽ뿪˵˰ξͻ󲿵׷ɱˡ
ĽϽ뿪
ˣǰǲѼһЩ۾壿Ҫ⾧ãеĻɷң
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лϡ
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֪ˣĽͿ˵ˣңֻϦ֪﷢ʲô£
ߵĻ󲿵׷ɱô߶߲ˡ


931 һ·ǰ
ǵϵԸ
ȻǰĽΪһ䣬Ա𣬵ûĽһ
ӵ㹻ǿʵ϶ˣ⣬ڵԶԿĴڣƫҪԷĻֻ·һ
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պĽݹĿռָȻϦֱ뿪һȥ
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Ľö۾УЩǴ˴εõģǵʮǰһοʱԣǿֲһЩжʧ
һ˼ö۾壬Ҳᵼʧˡ
ҪĽݳϱε񣬾һҪˣֻ̤ǵʵŻõ
ϦЩãϾ֮ǰһҲǺĽЩģΪ˵ڸϡ
ڣ֪Էᱻ󲿵׷ɱȴ޷ͬУȻϦкܲʹ죬һȡᣬ֪ھԲäĿ¡
ģǰʦʹ˵ĻǰȥеıŪ֣ԼܶʵпԿ󲿡
ȻʹԾЩƫƫֻǾһֱͨĹͨˣʹûϵģϦпܻپ۾塣
ڣĽĿռָǾö۾壬ȴֲʹƻеĲ㣬Ϧܹϣ
ܿ죬Ϧ˱ҵ˾ĵĹйȻҲû˾۾壬˲ʧΪϵ
Ĺ϶۾εֱӴͽж붼Ѿûо۾ˡ
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ԣȷĹǷ񻹴ھ۾壬ȻҪҪǰĹ
ڼķ˵ǳѣ˵ȴֻһ֮ң
ʹǰ̸ǵطܹ֪۾Ϣ֮ǰ۾Щдʮ꣬ԼڱˣܸܵƮɢŵϢ
Ϧ˵Ȼ۾ǷȡߣϢŨȿ϶ǲһģ޷̫ԶжϢŨȵЩ΢𣬵ֻҪܽƿأӦܹԶԶжϳ۾Ƿȡˣ
취Ҳڲġ
֮ǰδ뵽Щѣû̫׼ڿʹ˵Ķ»
ԣʱ˼뵽취Ҫ֮ǰúܶ൤ҩյȻ˺ܴһУƿؾҲѾԶ
׼ŹؼʱõĴ洢ó
ȡУֱеȻЩطƿأ
ϦһΣһ߸䣬һ˹̾ͻ֪ͨ
ƿصٶȲֻҪ㹻ܹԶʼҪЩʲô
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ԭ֪۶ֻطֻһоƿأȴ֪ʲôԭڣʹֻƿط
۵Ȼʲôڸ£ԼʹҲʩչо۵ֶΡ
ڣط
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󲿵طⲻѪطܹѪҺȫΪɫѪҺɫѪҺںܶ¶ܲá
磬֮ǰһһŮİѹסʱѪֱӾͻ˰ѹ
ѪǵüΪֲǵ⵽ƻѪȴǼǿģ½Դ飬ѪһԴطǼΪֲģ󲿵Ĳ֮ء
Ժ˶յ۵ͨʱսʤ֣֮϶ط֮ϣƿǺǿѪҲ˶ѡ
ڴ֮ɫܹõطսŻõԾԵ

һʱ֮󣬱еһգַһЩҩ̺ĵҩȫȥ
һľƿطǵõͻƣǰƿشӵͻƵأ൱ö޾Ʒսҩĺ
֪ҪطѶжߣɹҲǼΪֲġ
ǾƿأսѾȱطˣ粻Ѫ󲿵˵Ҳձľֶˡ
ƿصأڴﵽˣҶΧĸ֪ƿٴһΣܹ΢ʮ仯
۾̿ʼ̽Χľ۾Ϣ
ʱ˿̣ƿ˵أĸ֪ͻƣ֮ǰϸ΢ʮ仯ܱܵ
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ܿ͸ܵеڣܸܵΧķֲֻҪûйϢǳɵ̽⵽Էλ
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ƿ˵أϢøǿʮҲ˵֮ǰǵ۾ܸ֪ڵĻҪǵ۾ǿʮ˲ܸ֪Ϣ
ھƿصΣϢ仯Ϊ΢һһѰ޸ܷˡ
ʹ˵ڻʾڵΪ˵صľƿأҪǵ۾Ĳβ΢ܵҵĴڣ
ԼȥжˣĻЩǣϾ֪˴ûгǵ۾εߣ뵽
ΣȫˣΪʹԶԶĸܵϢƲǿʥҲǵ۾Ϊ
Ҳ˵˾ƿصصҪĻʥ۶ֲ
һ̣Ϧ裬һ̤˵ĹȻٶȿʼ̽Χľ۾Ϣܿ͵óһĽ


932 Ѽ
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̴Ϧ裬ɹȥͬʱ߶ǰսԼϦһķٶȡ
һʱ֮Ϧһ˵Ĺеĵһֱӽеľ۾ߡ
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Σڼ䵹Ǽٵ۾εޣڵĹնɱ壬ͼ硣
ЩˣٶѾǶǵ۾ĲΣЩһǵ۾ʵȺҲڵĹնɱǵ۾εĺ塣
ޣܹˣȫδ˵ͼģȫߡ
˵ҲһܺõĻᡣ
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ǣޣȻδȡеľ۾壬۾Ӷ
ϦΪ˱һԶһ޴߶ľȻǾĵ˴һ
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ΣûгԷкĴ㣬ΪȷԷ̬ȣΪ뱩¶ԼĴڡ
ڵŻʾڵ磬ڵĹʵ̫Щ
ҪǣԷһʲôĻϦûа취ߣԷû£ǷֲϦ裬һ֪˵ĴڣεĻɾܱԷݳ
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״ΪȣԷȻˣҲûҪˣֱǰ۾պãһܹӵʮö۾ˡ
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⵹ȫȥĻѵֻڵڰĹ͵ھĹˣΪڵڰĹ͵ھĹƾһ˵޷ǵ۾ǵ۾εĺ壡
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;һ·ԽεĹУҲԽ٣߱Ĺֻˣܹǵ۾εߡ
ǵ۾ԶԶĲΣǿߣ֮ʥֻۣǵ۾ĲΣ
ȻȫֻܺϦһ˾۾ߡ
ڼ䣬˻󲿵ǿߣԷûܹˣʱ൱ңҿĽԼס䣬ĻѾòˡ
һ뵽Ľ棬ͱò̫ˣʵҲ޷ʲô飬ֻȼᶨʹС
ֻҪ̤Ϧ轫кܴջʹ׿˵ģʹȴû˵ǻջʲô˸ҲǼΪڴġ
ʹ˵ڿߵСкУջܶ࣬õϰöεĳҩ
ԶʹĻ൱εģҪʹûκζƭҪ֪ʹѾˣֻʣ²ۣôܸ
οʹҪĻ϶ͶˣҪȵڡ
ĹУϦٶǰУΣûбκ˷֣һöһö۾壡
ڵĹжʱ˵ûôˣΪĹķΧʵ̫ˣǴ۸ӿˣÿһģǰܹڡ
ûʲôеĻôתҲͨڰĹڣ
õǣͨƿغʹڵĸ֪۾ϢطܹɵҵλеλãӶΪ׼Ĺȥȡ߾۾塣
һʱ󣬵Ĺö۾ȫ֣ܹʮһö۾ˣ
Ŀ껹ʮöϦֱ̤˵ڰĹ
̤ϵڰĹԱ߱һͷﵽǵ۾εĺ壬˳ɱ˹ٶȼΪֲ
Ϧ״ûκԥʩչƿأһԼ˵Ϣ
ͷĺʱԭȻҲϦӰˣ塢֮ޣͨݣݳ˵λãֺ壬ȴûʲôǻ۵Ĵڣֻ£Ǳ޷Ϧˡ


933 һ˫
ڰĹϦΣдУǰһһȡеľ۾塣
ΪϲǣڰĹеİֻһľ۾屻ȡߣеľ۾壬ȫţ
ڰĹĵΣ֮ǰĹӸӵö࣬ϦˣԸܵ۾ϢȴҲпܻߴ·˷һЩʱ䡣
ҲʹܹߵһģȫãʵٶֿߣϦ裬ڵڰĹδߣֻԶԶܵڰĹΧڣս֮ǰĹҪٺܶ࣬ɼ˿϶Ҳٺܶࡣ
˵ȻǼ£ɲ棬ϾΪʵ̫ˣһԷе㲻õ뷨ͻֱӵù
ڰĹһʱͱϦ߱ˣʱȴеľ۾պڲǰȡˡ
ڵڰĹܹõö۾壬֮ǰʮһöܹʮö۾壬ջö۾ʹĿˣ
ţϦʩչƿأһסϢȻ̤ĵھĹ
УΪ֪һվû֪֮һ
϶ǲˣǼκӰĳǿߣʵԶۣ
ִڣǾǲģ
һϦֻСĽԶԶܿͬʱʩչƿϢһԷʲô취أ
Ͼȫ⣬˭Ҳ֪ûʲôֶΣطǿս֮ġ
ھĹУܹľ۾嶼ڣ
̽һܿóһϲĽۣʮö۾ܹˣ
û˷κʱ䣬ʼһɹȥֻҪʱܵˡ

ֹʱ֮
ʱ˿̣ڶߣȫڵһĹڶĹ͵ĹеѰҺɱȫջķᡣ
ȻЩߣȴ֪ڵĹ֮ĵĹʼȻߣһɱ塣
˫һģֻߵĲθһЩÿһٴﵽһǵ۾ĲΡ
ͬʱǣҲڲ²СӵȥĶ
һĹڶĹĹȫûӰΪĹеѶȷǳߣɼ϶ĹС
ôǰʲôط
ֵǣ˴˶ûܵõһö۾壡
ǰĹеľ۾壬ֱӱٶߣ˵ȻӰӶû͸ĺȴȫڡ
˭Ҳ֪Щ۾Ǳ˭ȡˡ
ЩгѰټȴ޽չǵȻҴĹ֮ϣ̤˵ĹҪϢҲǸݲΪʱ˿̵̤˵ھĹ
Ҫ֪ĻҪһھĹǿ۲εǿ߶ϲȥĵط
еǿߣĹڰĹʱ򣬿϶ҲѾܲסˣǡǵ۾εĺ壬ʵǷǳֲģ̫಻ھ֮ˡ
˭Ҳ֪£Ϧ裬ѾڵھĹʼ˶Ծ۾ɨ
һڶ
ܿ죬˾͸ϵ˵ھĹеĵڰֻҪٵõеľ۾壬ϵľ۾ʹʮöˣ
ڰУȴ˵״
ڰУȻ˷ֳ˫ڶţսţ
һһһŮ꣬üĿ㣬Ӣ˶һɫֱۣšһӴ֡
һӣɫ˵ϢϣɾͿ⡢ˡ
ڳˣʣȫǵ۾ĲΣֻһ̤׾磬κһֱֶܽѹɷ飡
Ϧ̲춯ֱת뿪ģ˫Ȼڶŵʱ̸ͣ׼һ
飬֪ĺ٣ڴӳ˫Ľ̸УȻ֪ٶ
һ˫ף벻ǣԩ·խ
һ󲿵Ц˵˵˾ΪϢǼٵģڿȻģǸˣҲ
һļΪߴ׳˶ޱȣҲЦ˵һ˫ףǿԣ󲿵κ˷ģҵҪƾʲô˵Ļ
Ƕνһ˫ס˵ĳȴɫȫûн˷һ
ӢȻЦһЦȻҡеȣ֮ˣǿѪôбǾʹһݣһǲң
üĿŮҲǿЦ׾˵ĲսҿԲ֣ս׾һˣۣһǲң
һ˫ţЩȡ
ӵԸеԼƣֱӾһսͿԷһǲң
һ˫׵˵ȤˣʲôĴڣ
ߣЩСǿԴ󡣡
󲿵ݣȻǾͳȫ㣬У
Ȼǳ˫϶ûʲô̫˵ģ򵥵ļ仰֮˫ֱӾͶˡ
üĿŮӣ˿ȥû˿ֵĴ㡣
һ˫֮һӺ׾ҡȣֱӱУϮȥ
еһ㣬ΪֲȻƲƴ󣬵ƻȴǲö˵
˲Ҵ⣬׷ȫϹ˸ɫϣֵסУĲֱȫ˫ȻɢϦʶ˿ȥ
ǵ۾֮ս
ţЩ뿪ȴ֪ͣĻ»⵽Ҳ̫˷Լʱˡ
Ȼǰеľ۾޷֣Ǿȥ۾嶼˵ֻܰ
ϦתҪ뿪ʱһɫ۵ŮӰȴ࣬һĽЦλȻαôҪ뿪أ
һϦɫʱһ
Ȼһ˫֮еŮӣ
Ȼ˶ʩչƿϢȴǱԷ
һЩ鷳˰Ҳ֪һ˫׵Ըôûа취һ취
뵽ֱӱϦԳΡ
ѾԷˣȥû˿ã󷽵֣


934 еΪѣ
ϦֵʱԵŮӲһ㶡
⡪ȻֻлʾΪ͸ھĹ
ھĹУڵĺ嶼ǵ۾εģ˵ǻʾˣǵ۾еǿߣҪȻֻ·һ
ǰһôܵģ
ĸ֮ˣ
Ůֻһ㶣̾ͳʵ˿һԼͬսʮ㰡
壿
ҡҡͷǲǲ֮ˣ磬˵ˡ
¾ŮӸԾˣС֣ǲŻʾεΪս϶ǰɣǰһĹһ·ھĹôԶľ룬ʱ䣬Ǿ͸ϵˣ
ֻ˵ǵˡ
ֻ˵ŮӵԸ㲻ڻδԼĶ⡭
ŮĻش𣬵һۣƺõùͷˣӾǰھĹɲþģοһ·ϻûˣû֣ҲǸ漣ˣǵֶεǲӦĳطɡ
ôһ˵ֱ˵ˣߵĻǾƿطȻܳϡ
ؼҪȡǰŮӵĺøУȡһ·
ڴŮƺͿģֻڴ̽Ϣһ̽㹻Ϣ߸оԼãпֱ֣
ֱתƻ⣬װЩʵ֪ǰҪδǣҲǰǰ¡
ǲõġ
Ů۾ǽʲô֣ҡ
ŮɣϦ赱Ȼˣ˵ֵĻ˵һأϾһһǿԵĵһһһǿʾԵĵһ˵ҪԷӡ
ҽ
ҽϦ衣
˷ֱش
Ϧ衭
Ůüͷ΢壬ܿչ˿ûǵ֡ңҽкѩ¥ɽϵһ壡
ǰԲýЩġ
ЩգԷԼЩҪ
¶ԷԼôණȻ˵Լ֪̫ˣʱɱ֣ǿɾ군˰

ŮӺѩ˱飬ЦǾͷĺˣҶûʲô⣬Ͼע⵽Ƕ󲿵һһ˿ɱ⣬ȴûСԣ˵ĵ˾ˣ

һαˡ
ڸտ˶ŵʱ򣬵ȷǶ󲿵˲һ˿ɱ⣬ֻ˲ˣȴû뵽ŮӺѩܵˣ
ѵΪһ˿ɱ⣬ǲűŮ˵ģ
ϾŮһʼֱӾǵ磬Ȼû֮ǰŮҲ޷˵硭ô˵ƿصػǺЧģֻŮӺѩӵһֱȽֶ̽Ρ
ôû뵽ŮӺѩ˵еΪѡĻ˵ȻǼ¡
󲿵ˣɱһλ𾴵ǰҶǲɱ⣬ϧڵʵҪΪǰʵ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵
󲿣ȷǿɺޡ
ѩԣüͷһʵ˵֮ɱǵһλǰǿ֮ˣ
ǰĽ棬˵ڸ֮һһǰҲĽݳϵѡ
ֱ˵
һ뵽£оͺƽ֪ĽΣǻӴУѾ󲿵ץסնɱˣ
˭Ҳ֪
ѩԣ̾˿˵Щй涨Сֵģȴ벻֮ӣڣ㵹ǿԼҵĵܵܣնɱ󲿵Ķͽ
һˣû𣿡
Ϧ̲סʵ
һ˫ףۺʱû̫⡣
ѩ΢̣˵ҵĵܵһﶼɲĻҲͲҵĵܵˣ
ʵԳеսǺܸȤѩȫû뿪˼Ҳֻۿһ˫֮һĺ׾ս󲿵ӡ
ңǵ۾֮սһӿģ
ڣϦ۸˵ܴеõһЩʲôģҲ˵һ
ô˵˾ֻۿսˣ
ҪߣǸûκοܵģǵ۾ѩֱӺ˷һ˸ûߣ
սǼΪң
һ˫֮һӺ׾ս󲿵ǵ۾ǿߣ˫ֲּķǽڣÿռ䶼һ˿𶯡
׾ʵѹ󲿵ӡ
󲿵ֶΣԼʶ޷ǾǲѪǿЧΪǿӿԼѪĳЩֶΡ
Ҫ˵֮˵ĹֶΣͲôǿˣ֮ǰ󲿵һǵ۾ΧĽ棬ĽӲֵ˵ǰһ˫֮һĺ׾ˡ
ˣһ˫֮һ׾ʵ϶ĽҪǿö࣬ҪҲһжˡ
Ȼսüңó׾Ѿ֮ȫѹסˣȥĻöþܽ˽ˡ
׾ʩչֶμΪ࣬ھбƵĿռ֮⣬Եȫʩչ
ģɢȫ
Ӱģһ׷һ˵ƨȥҧ總֮ÿһڶҧһ⣡
ȻѪ̽ԭȥĻĲѪվĹġ
ģģศɣǺ׾ʩչֶΣǻ滹Ǻ·ܴݻ󲿵ֻܷأûз
ʲôֶΣ׾ʩչȫǵ۵ͨǵ۾Ŀֲ֮
Ӧģ󲿵ǿߣȻҲǵ۾ʩչʲô۵ͨȲϺ׾Ӷѹơ
ڣɱ
Ȼں׾Ȳʤȯʱ󲿳ԱȴͻȻԴӻȡһս
һһѳһͭսȻȫ޾ս˵ɱﵵĴڣ
޾սϹǲһ֣ϧ
ԵŮӺѩ״ҲǰһЦһϧ޾սǹһˡ
⣬Щ˵޾սҲǷǳĶΪ޾սܱƻĴڣ
õĻһѰޣֳ޾սп˲ɱһ۾ǿߣ޾սǿ֮
Ȼȡ޾ս׾ȴû˿ƣЦҪɱɣ
£Ӻ׾źȻɳһöӡǣһ־ͽΧ׷ס
ʱɴ۾һﾹȻӵ̫Ʒ
ֲ׾е


935 Ю
̫Ʒǳ޾սĴڣ
޾սżܹƳĶ̫Ʒȴ޶޷ƵĶ̫Ʒϣ߰ĳ˵ĳϡ
׾ӵкԵ̫Ʒʩչı̫һ˲㽫˵޾սѹסˡ
׾߶̫ƷɾͱҶ΢߶̫ӡҪǿöˣΪ׾Ѿǵ۾ΪΪ̫ӡѾǾ˵ġ
̫ƷǷѣ̫ƷǷܷӳǿ׼һѣҪδѵʱǿʮֹ
ʱ˿̣ʶ̫Ʒ
ں׾е̫Ʒһֱ㳹ѹס޾սռ䶼סе˶ͬʱüΪҲͣͣҲ˵̫Ʒһ֣˼Ѿסеж
£󲿵ֻܴ߶ڵĲѪͻǲסԼĺƾѪǸûκεķˣֻ̫Ʒ¿֧š
㡭㾹̫Ʒ
󲿵ϴŵɫѵֵͬʱ̫Ʒ֣κλ·ˡ
ǰĿϧˡ
׾¶Цݣǵ޾սڿʼ͹һˡ
ųһĻС
뵽Ҷ΢˶ǰ߶̫ӡ˾֪ĺȻ޷̫ӡȴ޷Ϊɱˡ
ȻˣȫûϵȻҶ΢̫ӡȴҲܸߣ˶֪Ҷ΢ʩչʲôֶΡ
ڿʼСĵĻ˻Ǻ֪һ㡣
У󲿵֪ԼӲһԥĴ߶ڵĲѪþȫеĲѪҪԺ׾䣡
䣬󲿵˶ֶΣֻҪ˲ѪطܼȫѪɱԼ˽䣬ǶԷλá
ֻϧһжһ׾˵ƺûʲôá
Ƿŵ˺׾ϣ׾ȫɫâһϱϹ⾹Ȼֱʧ
һ׾㲻ú
˼˾ʱһѪдżΪĵɫ̫Ʒ±׶
󣬺׾һֱ̧ųһɫâֱӽɷ飬󲿵˳Ѫ޷ǣ
˵ڵĲѪ䣬ǲѪȫڣҲˣΪѾȫ飬ҽû£ûκκۼ
ǵ۾ΣʵҲкܴġһӵ̫ƷѹͬĶ֣һԶ׼ˡ
ţͬʱҲЩ֪Ȼе˱նɱˣȥ϶ֵϦˡ
һ˫ףϦѵģȻѩ˵еΪѡĻȴ֪ܣ
пܣҲǷ˫ʵ£ڣԷӻ־ܽϦɱ£˭ô鷳ĺǽѣ
ܿ죬ɱ˵Ӣ׾һЦ˶Է޾սȻ߷˹
λϷǿˣ
׾һЦһʵиҪλһ·ӾǰھĹ˵ǾʲôĿģУǲʲôǲ֪ܣ
һȻˡ
ˣ඼ͣͼǺѩͽϦɵˣǵڡ
Ҫ
ܣýָͷ붼֪Լ˵滰ĻԷһŹԼϾ˫̫ˣ˵ӵ̫Ʒǵ۾ǵ۾ܽһ
ûôԥֱ˵ҵȷ֪һйܣ̽һϹżʱһλ˵ֻҪѼʮö۾壬ܴ򿪾һ㣬Ҳ
Ŷ
ֱⷬ˺׾ͺѩһһŮȤȻ˶ģû뵽ô׵ľ˵ܡ
ʵҲǲѶΪ֮Ϧ䵽ԷûκѵĿܣǸԷ㹻ĺôȵԷջʱ취ˡ
æô죬Ѽʮö۾壬û뵽ͷȴһŸЮˣ֪ջҪ˸ȥ
ԼǸԼֻ˵ĻϣԷڵõ˺ô֮Լлѵ

׾ͺѩһۣЩ⣬˵ֻһķ˵Сˣھֻ䵱һնɱԼĳȴû뵽طȻ
Ȥ˵С磬һλܵС磬λ֮СֱӹϽ
׾ЦһЦ˵УвٶǶõĶأ
Ǿȥɡʮö۾𣿡
ѩգһЦλһ·ߵڣѼ˶پˣⶫҺҵܵϿûеġ
һʮöˣеһöպþͿԴ
ʵʵ˵ڵֻܵȴʱһߣڵĶͼȥɣΪ̰ƶԼ
ôɣ
׾ͺѩЩϲ˵̾ͿԿͨͨˣ
ǻʲôأ
׾ЦһЦһЩŵϦ裬ο˵λǷĺˣҺ׾ӲŮ˶֣УȷвٺöĻҲǰȫ뿪ǴѡһЩǲڰһˡ
⻰˵ģǳԤϵĿϦ趼Щɣһ˵İɣ
ֺ˴ڣɲڴǰĺˣΣĴУֻܹ޶ȱԼ棡
ţϦҪĺʾǿˡ
ʮö۾Ѿ룬ҪʹڵһططҪ˺ֻϦֽС
һһ˫ף׾ѩһŮļ£Ϧȡо۾壬Щ۾ӵУʹȫҿʼгһض״
Ӧǧһαɡ
ţֹܿסͷ⣬Щʲô̰ģпܱ׾ͺѩնɱ


936 
ʮö۾һϦʩչط߶˾۾еЩΧľϢ˹
𽥵ģϦ裬Լһ˫˵Уʮö۾ɢݳڰγһͼ
ͼȻһһ˴СԲʯţ
Բʯ룬һѷ죬ԲʯǿԱƿģһԲʯų֣һ˫׵Ϊ֮
ȻϷ
һ˫ױֻɱЩ壬һЩһطģȴû뵽ջ
ǿ˵Сԭ˽ۡ׼ԶĶ϶൱ذɣ
һ˫˵̫ƷѾˣٳһĶĻǻ濴ϡ
˭ȥţ
ʯų֣һ˫ѯһ
زˣûʲôôˣȽȥˣһսȥʲôΣǸô죿
ȥɡ
Ӻ׾ЦһЦ˰֣ǰȥš
ȻһƺҲԲʯŴ֮ʲôΣգһȥ
δܾ˵ͷͷɹȥˡ
ȽȥȽȥĺôȥҲкȥĺôȻԷȥƿʯţֻˡ
һͷʲôĶ˵һС
ԲʯŸǰֱӽʯ˿ʯžȻأȻ׵ľͱƿˡ
Ϊ죬Ȼʯ֮һۣһƬڣ޷κζƿض̽ⲻκζĴڣȫһƬ޾ա
Ӧš
ţȻֱ̧̤ʯ֮У
ʯţպÿһ˽룬̤֮ǰй˲ʧΧ˲һƬڣ
ûʲôռ䴫͵ĸоеֻ޾ޣ·ʯ֮ôһƬʲôûеգ
ڵھĹһеһ˫ףԼϦ裬ۿ̤ʯУһӾ޷ˡ
߰ɣҲȥҲһ𡣡
һ˫׻еɵģϦ裬һһ̤УŮӺѩȻϦ
ȫȥ֮󣬶ûκ쳣֣պ׾Ҳһ̤УξʹӵھĹȫʧˡ
ʯţڵھĹдһʱ䣬ʱڣûһϾھĹе߱Ͳֻ࣬ǵھĹǧõ֮һˡ
һʱ֮ʯűϢɢеˣһʱ侹伣ˡ

ʱ˿̵ȴѾһΪ״̬
ʯţһƬ޾޵ڿռУƮţ޷ܵΧκζĴڣ·ﱾֻһƬʲôûеա
Ҫǣ״̬£ܲǷ˸Լ棬̤ʯţ
ѵʲôûУ
üͷ΢壬״̬£־ᶨҲܵһ˿꣬ƬڿռУʲôʩչˣʲôܲŲ൱һʧȥеĸ֪
˭״̬£ԻЩĻŵĸо
ܿ죬ĻžʧˣΪڸܵڼԶԶĵطͻȻ˼Чһ˿ȻֻһǱܵˡ
ԥŶȥ
磬ܵ˿൱ϰһֻȶѣôһ˿˿ͱܵӶǵطȥ
ȻŸܵķ򲻶Ϸһʱȴһ˿˿Ȼֻôһ㣬·֮ûһ˿һĿΪơ
״̬൱ãΪ֪طô£Щʲô
ʱ䲻ţ鷴ƽôֻҪȥͿˡ
ȻʹطǾͿ϶ẦŲˣŲʹ
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ƽǷķ֣ϸܵһ˿˿Ȼûκǿһ˿Уȴõĳֳĸ
ָ򣬾ͺ̤õʱ򣬸طʱ࣬Զһ˿˿ƺĳֹ
ʼһ˿ҶԽԽ̣
֮⣬طϦ衢һ˫ҲһһʼΪ겻ܿ͸ܵһ˿Ȼ󶼿ʼȥ
ջ
ƺδʲôıȴһص߿Խ͸
һʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ

֪䣬в͸һ˿ȻѾȥ˰µʱ䣬ڣʣһ˫׵ĸΪ̵ġ
Ǻ׾ǺѩһһŮǵ۾ĲΣؾֻһ֮
һ̤ȥĻǱܳΪףڵ罫ɱΪС磬еͺɱйء
ҪɱС磬ĳڴƻ
ףȴѣҪγС磬ѵһ֮
ؾǿߣѴ򣬵ڣھµУȴǳִ֮
ˣ벻˴С磬Ȼջ񣬵Ӧøлλѡ
еĺ׾̲סп뵽̤ʱ򣬾ȫҲڣȴܿһ˿֮
µʱ䣬һ˿֮翪ʼɱ䣬ֻҪ̤һǵ۾ͻƣֱӳΪؾǿߣ
Ҫ֪һؾǿ߶ǿóģÿһؾǿߣһĲ屮Լ֡
̤ؾ֮ǰ۶ô㣬޷ԶǣΨ̤ؾܹ
Ϊһ̤ؾɱΪС磬СܳΪһϢĳ൱ֶһԴ
Ӻ׾̤֮󣬾ȻͻƵ˭û뵽ġ
׾ѾѰ꣬ȴûһ˿ɹ츳һеĳҲ˵ٻʮʱ䣬п̤һΪһؾǿߡ
û뵽ڣ׾ȻҵͻƵ
ú׾൱ϲȻҲ൱ˣСӣֱĸȫУ󲿵޾սֱ̤ͻƵıԵ


937 ۸
Ȼ֪ѰľٶȻ׾ѩһһľŴͻƵ
˺׾֮⣬ĽѩһõƵ򣬵Ĺɱ䣬С粻Ͽ
µʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ۻᣬҲѾٰ쳬һ룬ܿҪս۵Ļڣû֪ʱھͻؾ
׾ѩ˱ǵ۾εĴڣԴ֮ǳѸ٣ʱ䣬˲ٵĴ֮
ܹоǾͻƵѾԶ뿪ȥչؿޣҲܹһʱڣֱ̤ؾ
ϦԴ֮ûôˣϾ˱粢ߣؾǲ˺Զ
µҲ˵һı仯
ȵδﵽǵ۾ҪͻƵؾʱѶȿ϶ѰҪϺܶ౶ˡ
ۻᣬݱĽţüۻ᲻һۻᣬȻǳʵĵ۾۷ǿߣ˵ǵ۾εǿߡ
֮һһŮӣʥһ壬ǸļʵȻﵽ˶ǵ۾ĲΣ̭ӱ
һˣһߣһ֣вϳһǺþǰսʧܣ˵һǿ
벻ʱһ꣬ٴξӵս۵ʵ˵磬ȻѾﵽǵ۾Σ
Ȼǵ۾Σ˶ֻ֪Щ۾۷ǿҲǿֵ֮ġ
ڣǴ߿ǳǿƣǺͰǰһս۵Ļ˵пܽ
ۻᣬؼֱҪˣǱŮӵսԼԴߵս˾̭ߵһõս֮һʸ
ÿֻս۵֮һֻҪսʤۣܹ߳Ϊµ֮һ
ǰˣȻûκλˡ
ǰ漸ۻϣûʲôܹսʤ۵ģ۵ʵϾ̫ǿˣһͬˡ
Ļܷ֣߾ȻһӣӺȻͬԵ޿Ǻӣ
ǺӴʱ˿̵飬ǼΪȵģʦϾҪΪµ֮һˣ֪ʦҪսǳۣҲʦ
Ǻһ𵱳ǿϣȻѡ䣬ǷǳĲģʦ𽫳Ϊµ֮һǺʾȫˡ
ۣѾϰûиˣӭ˸ʱ
ŮҪսۣ۳ս˫ھǰչ˼սⳡս߹ۿͬʱһЩ߻켣ȺйսϾۻᣬ۵ѡĳЩҲһϵġ
ŮΪʲôѡۣΪ֮Ϊ֮󣬶ʸϵһˡ
ܹ۲εǿսⳡսڳ߶Ǿ۾Ĺۿ
ŮӶսۣ˫սھǰмƲʲô𻨣˭֪˫սģõĽ籣Χս֮˾⵽
սһ컹࣬գЩ΢ƣսʤŮӣס۵λã
ս˻̾
ΪԳкøУ֮һĻܶ߶յЩˡ
̾ȻŮڵļˣԼһЩΨ²ҵߣ߶˭ûʲôȤȴǸϣһЩ̼һЩĽ
սʧܣֽȻȺ˵Ԥڡ
˶Ÿڴ
Ͼ֮ǰ̭ʱ򣬴ŮӶսҽŮӻܡ
ڳۻŮӣҲֻЩ΢ƣôǴ߶ϳۣ˫ƾУ
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磬ǿΪ仰Բд˭ǿܳΪۣ仰ԲǿЦġ
Ϣ֮󣬴ս۵սʼ
ⳡսȻһ֮սһǰ߻Ǵʱ򣬾սۣϧʱͳ۲ܴ󣬱ֱӻܲ˳
ڣѾ˴ߣʵȴȰ֮ǰ࣬۲εǿߣѾǵ۾ĲΡ
Ŀĳϣڳˡ
ս裬㾹Ȼǳˣ벻ʵ֮ǿҿѾĶ֡
۳һߣͰЦ˵
߰ǰ˻ܣʱٻսۣȻŲٻҪ˵ȴ仰Ǻһ¡
ţۻ䣬Ȼ˫սһȴû뵽ֱӳԼսĶ֣
ѵҪֱ䲻ɣ
սһȻԼ˵ҵĶˣǻ£ôĻΪ۵㣬ʱѣսսȥЦ
ȻˣǱɣǰҴ㣬ʵǹ⣬뱨пԭ
ۺͰЦţҪˣҲô׵飬аɣ
սûж˵κηϻű㳯ųֱӺһսĵһϹżƷսгֱ֣˳ۣ
۵ʵȻСԴ˾ֱ̧һлʵͨȻԷϹżƷսɿȥ
˫һսС
Χ˶ⳡսһսĽʮǷһλµΣ
ò˾ȵǣսȻͬ˵һ㣬Ǵս裬ȻϽѹƣ
ǳ۵ֶ̫٣ǣǴߵĻƺȳҪǿϲ٣ͬĻʵͨƴ۵ĻʵͨҲҪѷһ
ʱ֮󣬳۾ȻѾȫѹסˣ
ս裬ʵѾˣȻˣ֮λýˡ
۱ս˵ţɴźͰЦݣ˵۵λѾ̫ˣڣлһˡ
ֻ̫ʧˣ
սһЦȴãָأһе۵ֱͨӺ׼ֵĳϣ˺˳ȥ
һĻΧˣ
һ˲䣬ʥۺħۡ׵ۡ׵ֱ֣ӽҪٶȳֵĴսסˡ
ʤѷ֣۸棡
ƽɫȽƽʥۣʱȴһӣа˸ֳڣֱӽս
ĵ֣սô붯֣Ҳǲܵˣֻܺ޺޵Ŀų۱˵ڸǷȥ


938 ս
ų۱˷ߣ߻Ǻ޺޲ƽȴûж˵ʲôϾսѶȡ۳Ϊµ֮һ
ոճۺ޷ıһе۵ͨУѾˣ֮ǰĳ𣬲Ҳ㱨ˡ
ս裬ϲսʤ˳ۣΪµ֮һ
ʥɫΪƽ˵ͬʱλ䣬Ϊ綼࣬۵ֽԶʥĹ±ϣú׷Ѱ
⣬ս裬Ϊµ֮һкܶ໰Ҫʹ˵ģڣµ֮һ˵Щʲôɣ˳Լһƺš
ʥ˵ⷬȻ˵һԣȴս˵
νƺţʥۡۡ׵ĳƺţΪ֮ԭ־ͲҪˣǽԳƺΪ
սĵ˵ͷߵ˳У泯Χؾߣʼ
˼ǵңڰ֮ǰطۻܲ˹ڣҾۻܣҽȡΪµ֮һ
ӽսֽڣսۡ
һսڹǰΪ֮һʽõȻصܾС
۸棬˵һ£еĹ򣬲۾Ȼвġ
ԣʥ۵˶սΪ˲Ǻ⣬ȴҲ޷ֹΪµ֮һ
ԭۣ໥֮仹ǱȽѺõģµս裬һͲѺദˡ
ȻôսвûʲôڻǱȽϺôѹģ͵ÿȥ֮۸ԵĶˡ
ߣս裬ԼСս֮ۡȫһƬΪͻ۸棬ζµʱܾҪʼԲ˵Ǻ¡
رǶЩǰͺͳ۷г
ˮ½ڡڡ̫۹ȵȣЩ׷׾ڻȥ֮һҪµս۽ãս۰һϣһԿԽһ򾡣
Ȼ۱ܣ֮һô۵״ǣҲԶΪ˵ͨԱ״ӵĴ
ֻҪץסᣬؿԽŪɣ
š
ۻеҲǽˡ
һʱҲˣҪնɱ壬ԼҲﵽԼĿģʱ뿪ˡ
ĳڴͨ۸һ֣֮ʥ۴ˣ뿪شľ͹
ҲھĳڴֵͨʱӰֱӳ˾֮Ƭ֮Уʯ֮ϡ
ӰȻһһ˫ףԼһϦ裡
˱һƬ֮ʱȴȻ˳ұ͵ʯϣȫһ㶡
ȻˣһµĿʱѾˡ
Ӣ׾ЩϧʱĻ˵ֱܹͻƿһ̤ؾ
ֻϧʱ䲻࣬ȥ֮ûٰʱһ֮Ӧÿͻƿˡ
ĽѩҲǲ츳СǲģҲǲಮ٣ԲŻᱻΪһ˫ס塣
λСãڲŻʾΪУѵҲ˴֮
ѩһͬЩ㶵Ϧ裬ѯһ䡣
ӦǴ֮ɡΪʲôûһ𱻴ͳ
Ϧ΢΢üͷԴΪġ
ĺˣλѿ϶û£ϾѾǩԼԼ뿪Ƭռ֮ǰһֱЧġ
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Ӣ׾΢üͷǺܿչϦЦ˵ѣ˵Сˡպл磬Ծһãһ˫׵ţһ˶Ƿǳ𾴵ġ
ʲôãǽܲŶԣ
ŮӺѩߺߵСͷģҺѩɲã㣡
ðɡҽ˰ɣ
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ףΪϦͻƵؾΪл̬Ҳ
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ѩӻóǲƵСżݸϦЦ˵Ȼǵ۾ʲôС磬Ӧÿ˵ǿĴˣֻҪ߶κһżӦԽĿǰκ⡣
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лǰ
ϦӹСͲżżһ˫׵ģǰԽܵģ
ǾûǽܡϦȥֱˣҲûκε塣
ˣǲˡ
һ˫ͳСͲż֮󣬱ϦЦһЦǲûȥΪûһ֣Ϊֵȥˣ˼ʶҲѾ١
Ŀܣ˸ĻԵл£ͺ޹ˡ
ǲȴֻ֮һ뿪С
ź׾һӣһ˫δϦǰʧţʥ۵˴һȺϰؾߣֱӳ˾ʯԶУ
ЩȻڵһĹڶĹĹɱޣҲȫͬһʱ䱻˳
Ϧ̿ʼѰңϣټȻϰˣϦҲ˾ƿطģϰҵһϤҲʲô¡
Ǻܿʧˣڴʱ˿̱ͳϰУȻȫûӰ
ׯ԰˶ˣÿ˶ڴл˺ܴԶ˲Сͻƣׯ԰ʵ
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939 ʧ
ܿ죬ʥ۾˴ξ֮е˽˶һʱ֮ڣͳ޾ڵա
ܹϰˣʥ۵ȻҪ˭Ҳֻϵùˡ
һ˵ʱ˶ᱻͳʯ
ׯ԰ͱѩʳĲҵϦ裬Էδһ𣬲ɶЩ֣׷ѯʵĶȥˣ
Ϧ費ֻ֪ܱܽҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪
Ϧһֱû£Ҳûʲô飬Ͼ˫ǩԼģһ㣬ȻҲ֪ûж룬ǶΪȺУϰˣҲԷҲǺġ
ֻϦ֪϶ǻ֮Уûг
һʱʱ䣬ռкȻһĹââӲƿ˿ռ䣬ھʯٳһռͨ
ˣʥ³ռͨ߳ȥֻҪУͻصʥеռ䣬ǻصķΧ
˲ͣһ˿ɾ͵ﱻʮ֮ãôʱ䣬ûκĲǵ۾ǿҲ϶ᡰûκλȥĿܡ
Ͼ֮Ŀռ䣬һƬޣȫһƬգûпû߽ʿȻĻ棬ȴ޷ּʱͻܲˡ
߽ҲǻᡰӶģֻǶӶʱҪѰʳˣȻѰʳҲܹ裬ҪʳǺˡ
ϦЩԥû֣ҪҪ뿪
һ˼ʱǳڿռͨһʱģ˶ȥٿûгɡ
ѩʳׯ԰ˣϦ˸ɾˣҪҲֻҪһ㹻ˣ
Űʱʱȥϰؾȫռͨ뿪ˣµ׵ۺ׵ڶϺ
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׵ۺ׵۶ʱһûôܣ
˵˭֮ǰһռӰ±ͳŶ԰ȻȺʿЩ˲ͬһġ
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۲֪ǣʿһһ˫ףѾͳˣΨֻһ˻ͷ
ǱߣҲѾϽȫˣô˵ֻһ˻û
׵ЩأϦ˵Ȼûʲô⣬ô϶Ҳûʲô£Ӧòܻھ֮УǱ͵Ǳȥˡ
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Ϊطһ
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Ϧ貢뽫鶼ֻۣתƻʵˣ׵۴ˣ׵۴ˣмĽ泤ǰ֮ǰھмˣʱ׷ɱҲ֪ڡ
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û˭Էʵǿˡ
Ϧ貢δʵʵ˵Ͼ˵ʵҲΪĽ泤ϱ𣬱ϾԷ
Ȼһ׵ۺ׵۵ɫЩ仯Ȼˣ¿ɲϹذʱ֮һˣȴûʲô취ϧĽݳϵʬ嶼ûҵ
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Ǳ˴ߵĻȷֻʱˡ
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ʱţڳȴ𽥸еһЩԾĵط
ԵľʯɢļµϢȻԽԽˣȫɢһɭȻ
ͬϢΧǿˣȻܵһ˿޾ĺ䣬·ӹðĺһ㡣
ңʱƣɺԽԽأ׵ۡ׵۲εǿ߶ЩܲסҪ˵ϦˣˣϦ軹ǼҪȵռͨرյһ̣ſ뿪
׵ۺ׵۶üͷ
ռͨչرյʱѾܽӽˣ»һʱˣ֮ǰôʱûڸպóĿԿ˵΢΢ˡ
ٲߵĻǶᱻɱˣ
ѾͷǻǸϽ߰ɣȻû£϶Ҳû£ٴȥĻˡ
׵ۿŶɪɪϦ裬̲סȰ˵
ϦҲ֪ô죬ֱӶһȴζ
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һ±˵ȫԵʶЩģ
áǷʲô⡭ǿߡ
׵ӦȻȴˡ
һӿֲɭϢȻϮžռ䣬ȫڣͬʱһ·ԶŵǶ
ᡭѡˣ


940 ۸
ᡭѡˣ
򵥵ĸ֣ȴһ޾ɣ֮УҵĸִƬ޿ռʱ򣬷·ռ䶼Ϊ˵
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׵ۻ׵ۣϦ裬жһʣȻȫ׶ȫ޷ͷޱ𾪡
УӾͻȻһӰȻǡʧ١˵ʱ˿̣ȻֱӾƮ˳ȫɢһ˾Ϣ

Ϧɴ˫ۣܵɢŵģǾĵǣʱ˿ϾĵϢȴƽʱǿ
ôˣ
У˭ռˣ
ͻȻϦ跢ִʱֵЩԾ˫дһаȻ֮ǰ񣬷Ǳ˭һ㡣
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˵Уž۵ĲдһƲдԸϣӶҲδ֪
ʹǰǾ۵ʹ֮һ˵ʹƭǰӶ۵ĸһУܹ˵ͨ
뵽ϦɫòҰףѵʦʹưŵһУ
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вϳԼڵȻϢ֮ǰ˺ܹܶ࣬߶ȴȻ֮ǰһǻʾڵΪ
һ֮λ׵ۡ׵ۺϦĿռͨѾȻرˣƬռ䶼˷տռ䣬ǰһոո˵ľۣ
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˵ֻȾϤڡһϢ£ֻҪһͷܽȡߡ
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ҪҪ۴иߣȻʱ˿һ㣬һָͷ޷Ϊ۵Ϣѹʵ̫ǿˡ
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׵ۺ׵뵽һ㣬԰Ļ϶ɾۺ˵ھϢѹ飬ʵֻĻʾڣǿߵĻǶԷĶ֡
ؼǣҪβ֪ܵѾϢ
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Ȼ塭ʹһЩģ֮˵õƾһ֮ܽԲҲ൱ˡ
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ȻʹӰֵʱϦӿֳһŭʦ𣬾ȻݺΪ˸ۣȻƷˣ
ʹȻע⵽ߵ׵ۺ׵ԼϦ裬УȻûʲôû࿴һۡ
УֻʣмġҲǸոոյľۣ
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۾ʹʹ֮ѵֻһ˴ˣʹڣ
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磬һûµġһֱɹѹأǱ۸Ҳһܴģ𣿡
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Լ֪ϣǲܵģϾӡֿʼûбֳһ˿һԭӣɼܴܣʶѾ۵ʶѹסˡ
ҪȻĻӦÿԴӡϿڷļɣ
Ϧôţбʱ򣬳һη˱仯ȴ𽥿ˡʹͻȻ̧һֻӰ̧𣬲ԶľͻȻһ޾ķӡϢšڴȻȥ
ʹȻͻȻŸոյľ۶ˣ
һĻϦ衢׵ۡ׵˲۾


941 ж
ʹж׵ۡ׵ۺϦ죬øոѵľ۶ﲻѣ
ûб֮ǰʹҳϵ£ܶ飬Ǹ𣬶δ˵֡
ڣʹȻճ־Ͷ͵Ϯ֣
ң
־ŭȫ˲䱻ΧһС
ھռ壬ֻʩչӵеֶΣʹۼûκη
ʹȻɱ
ʹͻȻֵʱ򣬾۸оԺһ糱ˮһӿҪʶ
ʶ
УһĴһ߳һ˿ڴȥ˺ܳһʱ䣬ͻȻܵһ֣
ƾһЩξ֮ģ˲жϳǾ۵Ĳд
ںܾ֮ǰ⵽֣ʱֱӽԼŵľӡ
ʱھӡеֻǾ۵ķǵʱóѵĻӦþͻᱻƣӶУܾռݡ
һΣٴƵ飬Ӧǳ졣
ھʶʱʶԽԼʶֱǱԺҪȴпֵܳĻᡣ
ҪȻĻ¾˲ܽʶɣʱǳˡ
˲ľٶֱӾһ
֪ʹͻȻҶԾͻȻϮ˵ȻǸõĻᡣ
ܻܲȥ͵ÿһˣ
ǳĻǱԺʱǻᱻҵֻٶҪķһЩʱ䣬ʱûнаˡ
ڣȴץסᡣ
ķˣ۵һ˲ͣͣͬʱʹҲܵ˾۵״̬ǲܷŹˡ
ɣ
ʹɭȻЦƬռ䣬һֱ̧֣ӽԶľʯһֲֿľ˹
Կʱ˿̵ʹѾþȫڵжܷɹڴ֮᳹״ƬˣϾʹվֻ֮ǰдܴڵѾܲˡ
еĹĻʹͻ᳹
ʱ˿̣֪ʹ֮ǰѼôԴʯʲôˣѰ˵ԴʯĳֱԴĵĹߣԼֵơ
ʹ˵ЩԴʯȴ̺żΪŨЩƶǿЩʲô
طǧӡ
ʹȫ۶ɵӰ˫һӡʱһĵһŵĺǴ˳
ʹȻʩչط۵ǣ˳
ңǧӡֲֶε£ǸŵĺֱӱԶľ˹ȥ
һŭ˹ʹʲôȻ۷ӡ֮У˵˭ָʹ˭ָʹ۱ؽң
ŭĻϳžȥۿžҪȫӡǾʯС
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ʹӰɢһȴɵЦˣڱòôɭɲЩ꣬ƺ廳ʲô
𰸣ܼ򵥡
ǧ֮ǰ̫ˣ콵񷣣Ҫ㳹ɱʹΪ۴˷Ǳ֣۴һ䣬Ҳ˿ڣֻҪںЩ˲ܵ
ȻۣȴҪΪᣬˣҵֵܣҵӣҵŮǣȫµĽƱ磬վ㱻ѹȫ䣬һ̿ʼʹѾ¶ģκζɽĻᣡ
һ߻µĸж
û뵽ɣ۴ˡԸȥӵʹȴȫԼҵõдȥĻᣬǧʱ޿̲ν㳹ɱ޷ɱҲҪӡ
ʹһ˵ڳȫĬˡ
˭û뵽ľȻģʹȻһֱڲ߻ȫж
û뵽Ϧû뵽û뵽ǷǾˣȫû㵽Լֶ֣ΣԱԼڽпܽһУȴΪԼҪȫᣬȫʹС
ҡģ
ŭȻȴվǱ׷ӡסˡ
ͷԭҪչĺʶӰһȴǿʯУʧ䡣
ɵ˾ʶ֮ľƺøɭɲһЩϢŶеľս
ʯʲôͷ
ţȻǿʱΪǰʹѾҪŲסˣĹɵӰѾ֣·һ̾ͻ᳹ɢ
ʹǰô
ʶع飬Ϥ˶ƿأæʹȴʹ̧õסΡ
ȱڴ£ʹѾȫһöУȥ޹ŵͿ֪һˡڣʹ߽þ׷ӡþ۵Ҳؼա
ʹȻҪɢ˵ĻȴǼΪģˣǼıƾ˱Դľģ̤ؾ̺ܡֻҪڵľӡǣ൱磬ʱ򣬾Ϳеİˡ
˵仰ʹӰ׻һɫӰžײȥ
һײֱӽϢøȹˣʹ˵ĻȫԼ۵Զӡ˾֮С
ھΣµûص޹ŵö򣬲Ż֪ôˡ
ӡǣڣ
ΪʹĻ̽һԼĵУȻгһ֮ӡǣͺ֮ǰϵһ
֪ⶫôģѵǾ۵ʱ֮Ķ
˵ƿӡǣ൱磬Ҳ˵ӡǱĺˣ
ʹǰ
㶵ĿԶɢɭϢľƬУֻʣʯˣǾۣʹѾڷŶ̶ʱȫɢ˿ȥ
Զ׵ۡ׵ˣ͸һ·ǷУһáĴߣۣȻǸ˲б֮ˣձԼ¸ͣӡޱصľȥ


942 ӡ
֮⣬һƬ޾ڼžĿռУһ֮¹ƽ
ڳ֮⣬ûκ֪﷢飬û˻֪Ĵߣۣոյʱȴ±ѣ׷ӡ
˵ȫɻҪȴһһ飬Ҳȷꡣ
ãƽ
ʱŷ֣ԭ硢˶Ѿ뿪Ƭռ䣬ѾָһƬŵģ
ԶȻֱ׵ۡ׵ۺϦ衭֣ͦģȫעʹ;ϣûôעΧڲ֪ԭϦһֱûߡ
ռһʱ¶ȨʱЩϰߣܿϤһ¾ͺˣԭЩ˳ʩչ˳ڶһӡǣʹ˵ܹƿĴڡ
ȻڣȴûܵǾӡκϢ
ž۱׷ӡԼʹϢĳʧƬռֱ˵ϢɢԶ׵ۡ׵ۺϦҲǲܶ״̬
ڣȴһΪص⡪ȥˡ
ǵģȥˣռռ䣬ҪռۻʮܿΣڴͨرգƾԼ뿪Ƭռ䡣
ҪǾڣܹƿһУڣ׷ӡˡ
۵ĲΣĻǸǿƿΧϣǿĻֻ·һѡ
ȥϰɣа취أ
Ϧ׵ۺ׵˵ʵϣҪҲһȥϣϾռֻʣĸˣҪ취ȥĻȻһһЩ
ܿ죬׵ۺ׵۴Ϧ裬ʩչռڴ˹ȥ;оƯеľٴαɢɭϢһ飬úܿ;˾ڵĵط
磬ûʲô°ɣ
ϦȺ֮ɫԱ
ӦûʲôˣΪʲôûߣ˶ȥ˰ɣ
ϦЦһЦ
ǲôܷȥϾʹôˣһп϶кֵģϸӦҵõġ
ҼһֱûԲһ£ȴû뵽ͨʧų֣ʱѾܶ۵Ϣֲ̫Щ
Ϧ赣ĵ˵㱻ռ壬ûʲô°
ûѵͻȻɾ۲ɣ
ϦЦЦ˵İɣ׵ۺ׵λǰλλˡ
ۼոշЩ飬ⱲҲû׻ˡ
׵ο࣬ڷˬһЦ֮ǰ֪Сܣȴû뵽Ȼصô;ʹ֮һйϵֲã㳬һš
Ҿ˵磬ʲôܱϹżҪǿģǺ;йˡ
׵ȫðŻ棬ʱ˿ȫȴǱɭϢѹƵֻʣ±һ㡣
ӣǿ׵۾ȻһӢˣ߱˫۾ȻɫģˬʵЦдһ˿ǡ
ȻԼܴܲ뿪ˡ
ȻλǰڣôؾһЩ飬ǿ˽һˡ
ɫ֪ǴŶڵôȥҲûж˵ϻֱ˵ʵλǰǾ۵Сߴ֧֮һûʲô취пܴȥģ
׵ۺ׵ۣվǼʶ㣬ΪۣؾεӦһЩ˽ĲŶԡ
׵ۺ׵ԣüͷ
׵ҡҡͷ˵ؾҲǷǳںУżȻһʽӡǡҪӰ쵽ؾڵС磬ӵбȸؾʿǿҪӡˣҲǺӡָʲôϾҴδӴⷽ顣
ӡǣ
һòǾ۸֮µǸӡǰɣ
ʹҲ˵Ǿӡǣƿ磬ɼӡǵȷӵӰСĹЧȴȫ޷Ǹӡǣ
׵ǰΪۣӦ֪йɣ
ʱϦһԳʵ磬ǲǱʲôƿŵģ
⣬׵ȴֻܿЦˡ
ҡҡͷ⣬û취ǽģҪƻ˹أңҲϴ鷳룬ӦҲ鷳ɣ
ˡ
ϦֻͷЩƤҡҡͷȻⲻ˵Ǿֻˡ
ʱλǰҵǿԣով۵ʶϣҺ˵䡭Һú룬˵ҵ뿪İ취
㽫ӡǵˣϾܣܹƿľӡǣ˵Ǽѵı
εĴڣˣԼооӦܹҵ뿪ķʱֱ˵Ǿ۵ʶˡ
˵Ļ۵Ȼǵ˵ͷͬˣΪڸû취Ψһܳȥϣϡ
ҵʲô취ֻҪǳȥͺã֪ܺܶ࣬Ҳ֪ܽǹ˽⣬ܽǴȥѾǳˡ
ţ˱ھĿռбĿ
ȻƬռһûУʲôûʲôãȴܳᣬһЩİ似ͨʲôġ
׵ۺ׵˵ʱ䶼ǷǳģǶʱ䣬Ե޹˷ѵϾֹ˵ȴ޵ģ
ڼ߿Ѷʱ϶ǲΪġ
׵ۡ׵ۡϦʲôû̫ˣԼǿʼоڵöӡǡ
Ȼ޷ܵӡǵôȳһ£˵ܹ伤أ
ϾĻǱԴľģӡǵӦúǺϲŶԡ
ӡǣӡǣӦͬĶˣ˵Ǿģӡǣ㱻Ϊӡǡɣ
ţʼڵУϴ߶ȥǸŵľ֮ӡǡ
ȥ˺üʱʱ䣬ǾӡǶûз˿仯취ǲĿˡ
˰֮ȴͻȻ־ӡǷһ΢ı仯ӾӡУڴһƺ;ϢЩƵϢ
һϲȻϢ;۵ɢϢأֻҪ취Чģôһܽȫ


943 ƿ
ڵ޾УĴһƬžĸӰǿţէһϢĿ
УڳƿصڵöӡǣþĵȥöӡǣöӡУɢһھ۵Ϣ
ϢֻҪܹۻһ̶ȣܹʼƿ硣
ȻҪȫƿؾӡǣ˵൱ѵģҪѲʱ䣬ʱڣֻҪԾ򿪾ͨͨˡ
ܿһʱ͹ȥˣ
ʱУ˭Ҳ֪ʲôӣ۱սܣսΪµ֮һսۣټ׵ۺ׵ûڳƾħۺʥֹۣܷסս۵չ
˵ûʲô⣬ǳ̨ǰܶ۵ʵĺս۽ˣһ൱鷳ġ
һµʱ䣬㹻սܶˣԳ۱ǲģΪ׵ۺ׵˵ˣֻҪǳΪ۵ˣλ֮󶼻ᱻߣȥˡ
Ҫ뿪һְ취Ȼһֱָӵİ취̽˵ʱչֳԼ츳ϣȻֱӴߡ
ˣǿһǿʾǰʮʸǰǸߴ֮һһʱ䣬ܹʮһǿţͻһǰ̨ͬǱֳɫܱѡߣӪ
ÿ꿪һΣǿǿʾҲÿٰһΣĿģʵȫΪЩѡ˲Űˡ
Ȼ֮ϣ磬ǻһЩŵģÿѡһΣٻ©ˡ
˿ʣ²һµʱ䣡
ʱ㽫ӡ΢һС֣Űٷ֮һĳ̶ȣȥҪ߰ʱ䣬ܹӡȫա
һȫƿ磡
ֻҪ߰ʱ䣬ˣһ㣬׵ۺ׵۶֪ģΨԼ֪һȫƿ˾ӡǣʱռУȥоһʯ
֮𣬾Ϊõ˾δȫվ
ȫ͸еôʵԻᳬȫʢ״̬µľۣ
Ҫһ㵱Ȼѣеʱ䣬Ҳûʲôвġ
Ȼǿ󣬵ʱڣҲͷھз飬ؾǿ߶޷ģҪȻĻ󲿿϶ܿʰ
ھ˻һʱ俪ʱ˰ٷ֮һľӡǣôо
ֻҪӡ͸ϢܰȫΧžһƬ޾
һƬ޾˳ϣǵ۾жֻ·һоӡǣԼѾܹȫһƬϡ
Ǿ֮Щʲô
ԴΪ棬⼴׵ۡ׵۵˶֪𰸣ܿ죬ܽȫ
Ȼֻ˰ٷ֮һľӡǣѾǸԳƿеһЩ
ûб䣬ȻǻʾڵĲΣĸսֶУܹһ˿۵ϢͷֻҪ磬֮ǰһɣ
ٷ֮һľӡϢǿһɵʵʮ֮һľӡϢʵܹϺüȻλڲʱȥ⣬ӳɾͻʧЧˡ
Ϧ衢׵ۡ׵۵ĻӦҲûʲô⡣
ţ㽫Լ뷨˵Ȼ˵Լ˰ٷ֮һӡǣͨ۵ϢѰҵһͨͨ·
޷ٿռֱͨ뿪ȴԴΧһƬ뿪Ƭռ䣡
Դˣ׵ۺ׵۵ȻΪϲǻΪǻᱻƬռ伸Ȼձڿϣġ
ϦͲ˵ȫֺ֧ģȻʹϦĴ󣬵ȴǻˣϦ΢һġ
Ĵ£˲ϳžռΧȥ֮˾һƬıԵһƬ˭жȴʾҵһȫͨ·
ʵþӡǵϢˣ˲ᱻʴܿ죬˰ȫķɽƬ׵ۺ׵ǳ׷ˣ취
˭Ҳ֪ƬжôȴŸоóƿغͰӰ֮ܣͨӡܡ
ӡǣ൱СĺģֻҪվӡǣֻ˰ٷ֮һҲ˲СĹ
ȫվӡǣĸ֪зһ飬ȻҪﵽĳ̶Ȼúܳʱء
ھвǰУΧɭϢȫֱĸо
Ƭʲô
û֪
ҲֻԼоƬ֮⣬ӭǵĽһƬգǿߵСкһо󲿷ֿռ䶼޵ġ
ȻߵСкУΪѾ˲кʲôûУУһЩ֮Ҳ˵
ʱ֮
˵ӰھдУƬľͷһȥռ䶼һƬڣռȴŨȲ͵ɾͱȾ״öˣƯöȥ
;ռͬǣһûκӰҪصƬ½ȥƺǷǳѡ
رǣаʱ˾ҪϦƺЩϲˡ
ȻԴҲǷǳˡ
ڴȥ̽ˣΪлţڣھѾӴǿߣѾʧȥһЩ档
ټӵ˾ӡǣֻҪȫվӡǣ硭ˣߴ֮һȷû̫ˡ
ϲϣҲ̫źֻǵԼܾòȥĻϻһЩ״ׯ԰ѩʳȵȣ»ᱻεս۸ԡ
ʱ䣬ֶԾӡһЩȻûдﵽٷ֮ƿȴҲǿ˲٣ٴﵽ˰ٷ֮һ塭
ŵеľӡǣ뿪˾֮Ƭ֮УҪҵȥ½·;
ܿ죬ӡǾ͸ܵһЩĿռʱһϲֿռȫΧУܽǵһռͨҶλڵķ


944 ;ż
ܿ쿪ʼƾӡǣΧ̺ŵռֿռռĳʼǲġ
Ҳֻӡǣܹ̤ܵؾǿ߿¶޷ܵеĶؿռġ
ͨӡǣо½ڵķλǡ·ԶԶĵط֮ңͨռ䴫͵ĻҪȥ֪ҪȵˣѼʮʱ䶼㳤
ʵϣǸܵ½ȷλãǸ֮Χ֮ߴ֮һ
ƾڶԾӡյİٷ֮һҲֻԼܵСߴڣ޷ܵ½λá
Űʱʱ䣬ƾӡǵϢǰ۳һС͵ĿռͨռͨȻͨ緽ġ
ԼλõĸĿռǷǳŨ۳СͿռͨҲܴ̫Զľ롣
Ҫʮܹͣصȥ;ǻôԽΧƬ֮
Լ˵˳׵ۡ׵ۺϦ赱ȻԴκ
Ѿ뿪˾ǸյĻſռ䣬ǲоһ֮Ѿʾȷ֪Щʲôġ
ô֪ģ׵ۺ׵۶ʣֻҪȥˣңһ·ȥγɿ»ǳʣ
ϾۣǰܵĳҲ޷½Ӿء
ڣȴ뿪ڣھС޾޿ռУ
۵С磬ԼΪĽ硱˱ֿܺĽС磬Ǳ֮ΧƬĴ½ֻǾĽĺСһ֡
ˣ
һЦͷ۳ĿռֻͨоԼ˲ԭʧһ̱˴ͨĿĵء
ԭΪԼһƬ޵ĿռУ̧ͷŲȥʱȴǱһ
Ľ磬һ޵棡
УȴȫޣڵĵطȻһɢĹС
Уߴ֮һ࣬ɫͬƾӡǵĻ޷ڵС
ûʲô㣬׵ۡ׵ۺϦ˱Ѿռͨ
һοռͨĴֱͣӿԽľ룬⿿еĻʮ궼һܹߵõ
ӡǵĺôˡ
ȥǰ濴΢ȵȡ
˵꣬ȻֱӳĹз˹ȥоƺ̺ŲҲֹԺǿĿ൱º͵ֻ΢еɭϢ
ɭϾҪľģǹɭģϰϢ
׵ۡ׵ۺϦˣȻҺҶһСĴʲô֮ģֻܿϳǰȥȻԽԽСһʧ
еֻʣһһСʱͣ˶оƺǱЩʲô
ڵȻɢĹеϲǣ̺ȻǾ۵Ϣ
ϴžӡǵĻһУ¾ͻᱻų⣬˵еľϢˡ
ڵ˵һоѲƷ
ٷ֮һ
ٷ֮
ٷ֮
һʱϲȻи˰ٷ֮ľӡǣ
֮ǰٷֱ֮˰ٷ֮ľӡǣӣƿɱø̣
ҲھĽڵսԭ˰ٷ֮һľӡǣھĽһɵյİٷ֮ӡǣܹһЧΪֲ
ˣĽڵϢ̽ˣϧǣǳߴ֮⣬޷ܵĴڡ
ɢĹУ̺ž۵ϢӦǷֲĽ֮Уʵ̫СˣΨпһڲܹǿܵҪĽѰУڴ룡
֮󣬻Щδȴֶ֪ڵ˵ǿģҲ֪Ҫӡյ٣ܹӦĽеλã
˵ĽУҲֻôһУ
ôڲѰУΪʵ̫ˣȴ뻹ѣҪ֪ĽĿռ䣬Ǳȴ󺣻Ҫ򱶣һεĴڡ
УȻͿʼȥΧռٶҪ֮ǰһЩһʱ۳֮ǰĿռͨǼ½ǰ
׵ۺ׵ҲûΪôʱʲôģ۶Ѿ˼꣬ʲôûУվеġ
֮˼ǰ̤һʱ۵ĿռͨС
ڶδ͹ʶѰΧռûеĴڣȴΪʧ
Ȼ֮ǰԤϵһ㣬оԲҾҵõģڶԾӡǵգ޷Ӧ̫Զ֮С
Ľڣ˵Ϊģ¾ߴˡ
˸ոմǵطǵطԶ룬ھһأξܵ
֮Χ½ڵľҲ̫Զʮοռͨ;ܵˡ
űȽϽһأˣĸ֪Уһ۶ɵ壬ڲ̺ż޾Ľ֮ǾǰսǿͨĽ֮䱬ɱ֣ȴ֯̽յĵط
˽ڴλڵ·൱ʮοռͨͣ˾ľ룬Զ
ĸȽĽأλڡͷԼοռͨ͵ľ롣
Ǿߴͨǿһˣ
֮Զܹ̺ܵŵĿֲУǵ۾εߣҲ˲䱻ʳɷ³
յľӡǣһʱοռ䴫ͨҪǰڵλãҲҪ߰ʱ䣡
ɼĽ羿жôĹ
ǿһأȴҲǾԶһأأֱǾ۵֮ͨǰõ˾ӡ֮͸ܵصĴڡ


945 ֱ
ص̬֮ǰĸزܴͬ
һأİ¡һöԲ̬ľľۺ壬ᷢκιâһֱת֮ľ룬һٴοռͨͣһǧοռ֮ͨ䣬Ҳ˵ΧתĹǸԲΡ
һİʱȽϽʱһЩȽǿ˾ܸܵһĪʱ־İ¸еľÿͻһΡ
ÿİ³ֵʱ˵͵˺ڰʱڣΪİµȥдӶ½Χң൱ԶԸ
Դ˵Ҳţ̽һ£־İ¾ȻѾת磬ٹʱ䣬ͻÿһεġֱ䡱
ھİµϢΪΣֻʱ򣬲ܹ˸ܵԶڰֱ䣬˶ûó׼ġ
һΣȴӡǣǰԤе˾İµĵ
˾İ֮⣬Ľߴػֱǡػ͡вػзӡɱл꣬ս֮ʱųЩлк䱬ɱΪֲҪ֪пؾǿߵĲл궼ӡ˵ģ
Ծ˵ǸٻͨͨʩչٻһͷһͷæսҲһвͨ
ڣػȴ߾ԵĽأһУ˲ٿصķлꡢὫ̤е˺ɷ飬ؾ˶ܲס
ߴأǾԭߴ̺ͨĽеľ󲿷
ЩڴĽȫƿصĻǿԲٿߴأƾȫƿصľӡǣȫһʩչЩͨ
Ǳõӡȫƿزˣӵ£ǿвٿߴأԻᱻеĿֲ
Ȼȥ˵սȡʦ𣬳ΪµۣҲ֪ģ濣̷Щôˡ
ţΧ֮ʣʮοռ䴫͵ľ룬һ˳ĻֻҪʱܵˡ
֮ĴȥֻҪܹܵռھĽеĿռȫֱӴʹԽ֮ģ㲻ܣҲ뿪ռһԽ̤֮ء
޾Уϳ翿

ڵ磬Ϊսȡ˳ۣ׵ۺ׵۶ʧˣȽϻҡ
۸棬һЩң޷飬˴ս̨ʧٵµĻңǰ۸ĻҸء
һսۻˡʥǷΧڣޣȻܹɱǣȴҲȫϳʥǡ
磬ԭ״ǡ̷졢ٷ硢ģȥʧٲȫϳʥǣ
ǣֻܸģص˱ѩʳ֮УҽѩʳΪ˱ѩ۹ֻ˰ķչ
սȻ֮һȴҲΪΪҪĵ˶֣ǺģϾ̷ҲǶǵ۾ʵս۲˶٣Կս۵Ļһ˭ʤ˭ء
ֻһѩ۹ķչȴҲܵ˺ܴơ
սۣȻ֧ڱѩ۹Χļջʳ޵۹ƶ˵۹ջʳĴӣֱӷսṩһЩҩֱ̤˵۾
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ѩ۹һӱ۹м䣬۹ڣս۰ŵǿפأƾ̷˵޷۹µˡ
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ջʳ˵ɱջʵӣҲյ۹ۻʵܣ˫Ȼ޼
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޵۹ڿߵСкУɱ޵۹ʮ۾ǿߣ޵۹һ겻
λ޵۹ӣҲǵ۾ǿߣ֮ɱ֮ɱ֮𣬸ܷŹ
һ۹ԼҪѩ۹ȫԼסѩ۹ķչ
ʧ٣۹Ȼֳƿ죬ǿʾУĿֲʵֶΣ۹ȫһΪۻ֮Լ۹군
ȴû뵽ۻϣ£սȡ۳Ϊµ֮һֱʧˣھбĵĸɵˡ
ϾţȴֻǸû׳ɳţһЩ۾ǿ֣ܹ߳ɱġ
ۻ֮һʱ䣬Կ˵۹Ĵ죬ͬҲ̫۹ˮ½ڵĴ죬Ǻս۽ãܿ͵õ˲ٺôЩôԭǳ۷ųߵģڣкͳۺȫϳʥǡ
˵һۻ֮ʹˡ
˳һϵ⵽ѹ֮⣬ʧٵ׵ۺ׵ϵҲ൱Ĳá
˵ʱûܵʲôż֮ģ׵ۺ׵һֱʧٲϵҪû䣬ʱܻµǿȡ׵ۺ׵۵λãһ³ͺڵġ̷һˡ
ϵãʧ֮⣬״Ӷû⣬׵ϵͺܵùˣ״Ժ͵ڰ״¹ɺ˾ȻҲھʧˣ
£϶Ѿ׵ϵҲ˺ܴ󲿷֡
׵Ǳߵûʲôʧ׵۱׵һʧ٣Ѿʧˡ
˭Ҳ֪ʱ˴ӼңԶĵطϻ׵ۺ׵۶ûʧ٣ϦҲû
ˣϦ軹õһһ˫׵һһŮСż
żÿһ߶ܷ֮ӳ൱ǵ۾ʵųǾܹս۳ѹģ
Ϧ赱ȻѾҽСżܣСżʱӳˣҪսϵ˸ҶԱѩʳׯ԰֣Իսۺڣ
˵һ¹ȥˣսۿ϶ѾĴΪ̨еżһġ
ֻҪ棬߶żɱս۵Ļ˾֤Ҳ鲻ͷϣֱֵһȥ£
ţһ൱ǿģ٣Ϊһս۵ȥһ鷳һһ֡
Ȼ֮󣬵һʱҪ飬϶ǻص޹ŵУ޹ŵʹµúÿһ顣


946 ʹ
ۻѾȥ˽ʱ䡣
ǿһǿʾǰʮǰ̽˵ӻʣʮ죬ʱ˿̣ڴ׵ۡ׵ۺϦˣΧ֮صĴ½ϡ
֮־ӡǵñøˡ
½ͷͷľ룬Ȳһδͨ˲Զʲô
ڵֻҪ룬ʱؿԳκλã
Ҫʹ˵ĴͷֻҪӡǣֻھĽռͿʱκεط뿪硣
Ǿӡǵãֻ˰ٷ֮ľӡǣ
󣬵ȫƿؾӡǵʱ൱飬˵൱Ľ
Ҫκ磬ΪʧֻҪȫվӡǣھĽ޵еģΪĽ綼൱С硣
Ȼȥʥǣʥΰɡ
˵
Կ϶µǳսۿ϶Գԭȡʩڳۿ˵ǡݡˣȥȥˣȴܱߵġ
ڣ֮⣬綼ûκ֪۱ȡ֮ȥʲôط
׵ۺ׵ڣǲҪȥʥǻʲôΣա
ȣЩǷµծǵ׷زУ֮ǰͺͲ˶µԼսټҼٳ١ˮ½ڳϼ껿գԼ׵۵ĵ״Ӹ졣
͸Լս׵۲δʲôֻ׵ȴ֪ڵĸĶˡ
ԣ׵ۻȥ֮ȰһΣ첻ȰҪԼս׵Ҳ͹ܲˡ
׵ۺ׵ۿУҲ֪Щǰѡ״ӵĴͳ⴫ͳÿԼԸģҪ
۵״ӣһ㶼츳൱ģҲ츳ţǲѡ㽫񽻸ۡ
ֻҪΪṩ˲ţ۾ͿԵõһЩĽνİۣʵҲֻĹ߰ˡ
ռռ䴫֮ͨ׵ۺ׵Ȼصʥȥˡ
Ϧ裬ṳ̂ʥǣȻص˳޹ŵУ޹ŵ޹ŵûбκ˷֡
һ޹ŵУ뵽طʹ似дЩЩп벻ʹȻؼˡ
벻۾Ȼʶ̫ˣжǿ磬ܹﵽĳ̶ȣ
ϦҲʹӶ˵ʱھռ̲סЩš
ȥ˲֪ĴڣȻдҽǺεȿֲֶΣ
ʹȻҲвдڣʹܹͬڵڣʹ޷ģĻ϶ѡˡ
ʹǰµӦǼе飬˾ˡ
һ˵ţһƾԴʯ޹ŵһ飬Ȼ޹ŵУҵһöһľе
öϣʹϢʹ֮ǰ
Ϧ˱㽫ȡ˳һʼ鿴صݡ
ʹʹȪʹʹơʹǾ۴󽫣Ҳ۴ҳϵ£Ϊ˾۴˸𣬲ھ۴췣ʱ򣬶Ը
Ȼǧ򲻸ãҪߵ˶ΪᣡǾʹмˣк󱲣ѣЩˣΪ۵һͷȫ˾Ľ֮У֪۴˰һļƻԭǶڴ۴̤ĲΣǿ췣֮УǷŭˡ
ʹеʹǰһ̴߶סʹһƲдʹĲдһֱȥܾǰҵλеľĲ䣬ҸǣĲľӡȫǾ۽ĹߣԣĲ뿪С磬ڵľĲ䣬ӦѾУԼ
ˣھҲһЩʩչģӦþȥľĲ˰ɡ
ʹµУ飬Щ飬ǳ֪Ķ
˾ӡǾ۽̣оĲȫǰ֮ͿȷţҲʲôܹΪ۽Ĺˣصĵطһ˿һֱΪȷ۲
ֱȵ㣬Ҳû뵽Ĳ䶼뿪֮󣬾Ȼ߾ӡ˳֣ҿʼΪǾۼƻеһ֪ܿˣΪϵľӡģǱΪȥġ
ڿʱҲһͷ֪Ǿ뿪˵պۻнĻᣬԣҴ㽫ȫ𣡳׼۵ƾ裬Ǿ̡
˵Զ֮۶֪Դʲôƾ˾֮ǰѾĲΣֻʣһ֮ңɼĶ飬綼ֻǴ˵ȴ֪϶Ǵڵġ
ֻͨҪѼ㹻ԴʯеͿԽ۵ʶӡУ룡
һöУණҪľʹ;ǰһЩ¼ûܴпȽϹؼĶ
磬ϵľӡΪʲôᱻΪȥģ
ϸϾӡΪʲô
ԺвһԽԽصʣѵ˵Ҫþ۽ɹ
ôڣѾǷֲȡһЩʩ
ֻߣڷһȫ֮У۳Ҳƻеһڣ
֪
ʱǳ͵һ㣬žͿԿͰźˣҪʹġ
ʹڵλã޿
͵޿Ͽա
һ㣬Ųɺϣʹ֮طôʱ򣬿¾Ͳ͵ˡ
ڣһֻܹ²⣬ҸȷǷ׼ȷȵǰ֮󣬻ٴʱӦþ׿ѯһһеôˡ


947 Լս
ʹµУ˼;۵˵ĸ֮⣬ʹ֪Ϲż̫ż似Լ֪ʮֲͬε
ȻЩϹż̫ż似ֻʺĵϦ衢࣬ҲǺϵġ
ҲЩ似ҪģҲӰԵģĻ޷ʩչʩչĻ󻯵ġ
Щ˵ǱԴԼòˣׯ԰ŵĻžܹΪǿľţû֮һ
ŵ޶̤۾֮սȫԽѰĵ۾ޣ
Щ֮⣬ʹûˣϾѾȥ£ӵеĶҲֻʣЩ֪ʶˡ
ʹµ֮Ϧжʹ˸ĻϾ֮ǰһʱڣǸʹһ꣬нΪΪʹȫ
ϦɫЦһЦο㲻Ҫ̫ѹˣʹǰͲʱˣԼԸȥ˵Ҳǽ˰ɣҪĻǰҪʹǰǵ
š
Ϧصĵ˵ͷСѾͷҲǳˣԽͤͤ˱ԴģȫɢɭȻϢе
ȥʥǿɣҲ֪ʥǱս۸ʲôˡ
Ϧ˵꣬Ȼֱӳʥڴ˹ȥȻʥǷΧӵнշ󣬲ܷУռĻܹʩչġ
˵ƾӡǣ߶ֻھĽռġ

ʥ֮İӰ֮̽̾ͱ鲼ȫǣʥڵʥ֮⣬ȫѲĸ֪
ܿͷ֣ʥڣȻһѶûˣ
Աѩʳׯ԰Լǳ۵״һϵģʱ˿̣ʥȫʧˡ
ʥУΨһϵԵģھֻʣҩеħŮԼеĴܼˡ
Ϊ⣬Ҫ˽Ļ˻صʥ֮⣬ֻȥѯˡ
ھ׼ĻصʥȻǲģϾʥĶ۶ӵоԵƿ
ʥսԸĻֱ׾٣óǵ۾εż߶һܹԸսۡ
ʥͿСкһĳ˵Сռ䣬ͨӡٿеʥڵķӡǲֵ˺õġ
żʥۺħڣս۸ոҲʲôֵ̫飬ѹһˡ
ڻصʥǣҪ飬Ҫ֮ǰδɵԼս
ĳԼսǼǵģһټҼٳڶҼ٣ˮ½ʮ˳֮һ껿գģ׵۵ĵ״Ӹ죡
ûлЩ˸ÿˣֻϧʧˡ
Ϧ裬þƿΣȥҵ˴ܼţȻѯһʥǵ״
ս۴̨Ϊ֮һеӰ쵱ȻСŶսҲûбֳ̫ͽ̬ս۲ûвʲôס
սԷУҪзչһսۿ˵ȫеľˡ
ĳ֣ȻǼΪ˷ܵģԭΪžȻھˣȴû뵽û£òƻõ˲ٻ
ʥȻ٣Ҳѣ̶һʱ䣬սѾʥվ˽Ÿ˵ʱ˿̣սʥУѡ״ȥˡ
Դ˵ǲ⣬Ϊ׵ۺ׵۶˵ˣ̨֮ҪλҪҵ㹻츳ţΪ״ӣǣ
Ȼս۲ڣôͺðˡ
ִܼң鷳㽫һϢȥҪԼս׼׼ʥ֮սǣݣ
˵ɢϢ飬ſ϶Ǻеġ
ϢܴĴӰ졭ͲðִأΪս۾Ȼϵȫϳʥǣ飬ǰ۸ʱǲᷢġ
£ս÷ǳ֣
ټŸ͸©Ϣ˵սۻص˱ѩ۹ǱߣҪѩ۹ķչζֹ
⵱ȻǳˬȻս飬Ҳ㣬ĳԼսһˣ
ȻƻԸս۵顣
̽˻ʣʮ죬ʮʱڣ뽫ս۸㶨Ҹ߶ǵ۾żԸսۣնɱ
ԣִ󣬷ս۲֪ߵ飬ʮû֡
ֻҪ㶨սۣҲܻȥѩ۹æΧ۹ˣңQҲͦˣǼȥ

ҪԼսϢ˲䴫ʥǡ
ټңٳʱ˿൱أ䲻Ϣ亹ˣСӣȻû
һٳĳϢŭһСӣҲ㲻ʲôս۴˲һϹżƷս𣿶ͻƵ˵۾ڣһϹżƷ似ټôܱӸס

ٳôһ룬Ҳͷ¶һĨɫټҷչһΣضҪնɱԼսΣս۴˵֧֣Сӿˣ
Ԥף쿪ʤΪټ𿪸ͷˣ
ٳЦ˵
ʲôҰģеȷţһͱСôǿǿȥ
ڵٳɲʾһܶԸˣϾϹżƷ似սǼΪѵõĴڣٳһѾϤ˲٣ܹӳͻƵ˵۾ڣδûʤ㣡
һߡ
УҲһ磬սṩԴ֧¾Ȼ̤˵۾ڣùʥ൱ǿһ壡
ʱ˿̣ٹ棬Ϊδķչƶմմϲս۵֧֣ǾҪˣ
ϢһҪԼսʱ򣬹һԭңе㲻֣ڡǺǣȻҹپͳȫǰг̨ڳ̨ʣʲôҫģ
ɲһлʰСӣϾ֮ǰټҼҪСԼսأ˵СӶؼҼĶ֣
һԹЦ˵
ٵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦٳǼһս۹ϵҲõ˲ٺôʵǽˣСҶϣȻٳ⣬С˵ˡ


948 ϯ
ˮ½ڡ
һУ껿һʮ˳֮һ壬ͻȻϢ˵ŻҪ֮ǰδɵԼս
СͰ
һȽ곤ĳϺǺһЦ벻СӾȻˣ̨ս۵̨ҲʥֵʲôˡȻҪԼսβȫ
Ȼ
껿׹һһֱǵãʥĵ֣ӵնɱ
Ȼ껿ղǷǳ⣬ô˵ӵģлĻŹԸ
ʥ֮⣬ʱһǰһۡ
껿ЦЦСܻټҼ͹ҼҲνֻٳ͹񶼳ս۵ңõ˲ٺöʵԻǳԼսʼˡ

ҪԼսϢʥǣҴ˲ܱʮ۹ȵء
֮
ʥǵĳ֮⣬շ֮ڣϦˣеšҩеһڳһս̨
ս̨רкҩΪԼսģ˫֮£ʱ͸ˡ
ս̨Ҫĵ͸ǽɣһΣÿһ͸ǽ嶼ʮĵǽ֮ڣս̨
ңĵ͸ǽ壬ͨľӹ̹ǵ۾ǿߵĹܽкҩеĲóһЩľȻǲʲôġ
ҪǣͨһսİţкҩеȻһԽսҪµ̻ѹͷ
кҩ˵ٶŸֺôģڻ˶սۡսͽǻֵֵķΧȥˣǻµսۣ
Ͼʥǻսһģ
һսֱʥǵĸܹޣȻȫҪۿԼս
ʥУ˿ȫܳ׼Լսˡ
Ŀ£еںš죬ʱڣóһЩϹżҩĵš˲Ľס
˵ѩ۹ׯ԰ȻӵкܶƸȴûطԴʥУȫս۵ķԸԴ۸ԭϵˡ
ԣͺСҩһ˽ףϹżǽһЩԴ˫˵ǻݻ
ʥ⣬ս̨ԣפΧۡ
ܿһӳſڴű׵ۺ׵ˣԼĸ״ӣֱֱĳս̨
׵ۻ׵ۣڶĸоܲǵȻվߵģֻǡ
Сֵܣ۵״Ӹ죬ԸԼսԵǰս֮󣬻ǵһ
׵ǰ̾˿˵
š
˵ͷһ׵ˡ
ϯ״ӣڶ״ӣף״ӣֲף״ӣ죻ھ״ӣƲ죬ټϵʮ״ӣҶ΢
еߺ͵ڰ״ӣھѾնɱ㣬δ׵ۣΪûбҪ˵
׵۵ĵĺ͵״ӣһֱûˣô⡣
׵ɨһۣԼɫֲͬס졢ƲȻǼΪӵģ˫ìûκκͽĿܣסҶ΢ŮǶûʲô⣬ֻǶȴǸӵĺˡ
׵˵׵ۺ׵ܹ֮ӾгȫΪɾʹϾźܴܣ
Ҷ΢һۣ΢עһͷϵ̫ӡЦŵ˵ͷδ˵
̫ӡ̺ŵ̫еĲԽ˱Դ
鴴
̫еؼıԴҪǿܶࡣ
ܵĻҪõ̫ӡҪҶ΢Լ佻ѶҲ̫Щ
ҪƭҶ΢
Ц⣬Ҷ΢оЩĪĳԼս֮һҪú̸̸˳дд衣
ȻʾڵʱҶ΢Ķ֣ڣҶ΢Ѿ̤۾ڣ
ǿԺдһˡ
ܷĳԼսлҶ΢ǲö˵飬ô򵥾ˣǻ
ȻڳУ˻Ҷ΢룬˶ʵû̫˭ʤ˭ûʲôǰ
Ͼôǿֻǻʾڣ˵ǻʾһεĶȴǵ۾ٶǵ۾ڣе۾ڵĴڣ
׵󣬸һû̫ޣʹֻΪӣܻ䡣
ڸڿֻǸʧƵСӰˣʦѾ̨ӻʲôµģ
죬׵۵ĵ״ӣ츳Բ˵Ҫǣھ֮Уֲӣնɱĺ壬羹ȻѾ̤˵۾ڣ
۾ڵ״ӣʵԱȼ껿նҪֲţܻԼսʱҲضĶ֡
ʾڡ
죬۾ڡ
ߣκοɱ
Ҫ˵ԽսĻͬҲܣ
׵ۺ׵۳˳ʱ򣬻ʥۡħ۵״ӣҲȫųˣʥۺħ۱ûϾܶ࣬ʱ˿̲һʥǡ
Ҫ˵ʥۺħۣ˵εսۣڶʥС
ʥ۵״Уϯ״һ̷ֱ˽ܺãڶԳһȽάȻûʲô⣬ڴܹ
ͷſȥɣ
һЦ߹˸кҪƻأжͼ죬һվ㣡
仰ʱʾ̬ȣҲΧ֮ɫ䡣
ٶв뷨ˣ׷׽ͷؽٶˣΪ˵˭Ҷ֣
Ϊʥ۵ϯ״ӣҲǶǵ۾ĲΣʵԲ˵
ħ۵״ߣϯ״ûǺҶ΢ͬһʱ䴳ۻýڵҲˣҶͷʾһ£ȻҲûʲô⡣
ڵĵٳȻǹ٣Ȼм껿ա
û뵽ǣ˾ȻһˣҸһ˵˺ȻǡǺӣ
ս۵ϯ״ӣǺӣ
һ˳ڳſڵʱ߲ȫ


949 Լսʼ
һſڣȻ󿴵һӰ֮ǰ޿ʱ޿ĵӣǺӡ
ջǿռ޿ʱǺӺͰֱͶջʣΪջ£˵Ǳ׷ɱ濡
Ҫ֪濿ʦŮ
ڴˣһֱûκκøУȴû뵽˾Ȼܹ֮սۣҳΪս۵ĵӣ
սȡ˳۳Ϊ֮һǺӵĵλҲˮǴߣֱӳս۵ϯ״ӣӵ׷
ʱ˿̣Ǻӱһŵģٳ١껿ˣ˵Ц߳ʥǡ
ٳ͹٣쵹սһˣԴսϵõ˲ٺôǺӹϵԲ˵
껿Ϊˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һս۹ϵҲ㲻ȻûټҡҺսܣҲѵĹϵ
ڣǺӴһ·˶ǾϹʾãϾǺӿս۵ϯ״ӣҲսΨһ״ӡ
ĵ۵ϯ״Σ
ÿһһǵ۾ĲΣ
Ҳ˵ǺպضҲܹ̤۾εĴڣ˵ڲŸ̤ʾչǰ;ΪԤϡ
ܿ죬ǺӴˣԼսϵһЩǿߣǰ
׵۴ˣ׵۴ˡ
Ǻȶ׵ۺ׵۴˸к̬ȵǻ㹧˫λǣҲǲС
ţǺӾЦһЦǲ֪Ҳߵһȥļս¹ƾڵ磬Իȥˡ
ϻ˵ǲҲ̨Ҵһ
ȴ۾ֱӺ˵һ仰
仰ʱǺӺ˵Ļҭ˻ȥȣֱЦ
˵Цˡ
ǺӵһЦǺս۵ϯ״ӣһһս۴˵ܶͺͱԼսҪԼսӮ½⼸ս˵ɣ
ˣ
ֱӳһ䣺ս۵ϯ״ӣȻҺԼս˵ս۵ڶս۵
㣡
ǺӼֱҪ⻰˵ˣо޳ܣ
ǺӴˣûҪ
ʱǺؼҼٳˣЦһЦգٳضὫնɱս̨֮ϣαʲô֮
˵Ҳԡ
ǺŻ˿󷽵˵ǾˣҲһ֮˶˵ʲôȥรɣ
Ǻһ˵ɣ׵ۺ׵۶΢΢üͷ׵۵״У׺Ҷ΢ŮҲԴЩ
ΪҶ΢ڹ֮󣬵Ǻй֪ǺӴǰ飬Լʦ׷ɱԼʦŮó飿
ھǺս۵ϯ״ӣɽ׸ıƣһԸ񲻿ܵõʲôı䣬һᣬ˿϶ԥıսۡ
ˣȻҶ΢ϲ
Ǻӵ˵Ļûзϣʰս֮ǺҲӲġ
ǱQһҲûʲô͵Сڱݺˡ
Ǻ˵֮ٳǰЦһֶȻҵŮȴҲôС۵ˣʵҲûҪָһӦҼ黹ǿġ
ٳĺƤ̣ǱٳĻˡ
ʲôйŮ
˪ŮǶٳʧԲѡ뿪ټң뿪ٳûŮҲټң
οʲôûҪָһ
Ӧ
ʱЦˣ
ٳܻɣ
ǿԴˣȻܵˣڵٳ˵۾ڵĲΣʵǰ˺ܴټͶսۣ϶õ˲ٺôʲôϹżƷս似֮ģӦǵõһЩ
һµʱ䣬ٳܹ٣
仰˵ٳĽϹżƷ似ȫ򵽻ϹżƷսϵ˫ΣҲڵ֣
Ĳ˵ھеʱĽ棬նɱ󲿵һǵ۾
һǵ۾ʵԶ۾۷ģǵ۾ڵߣһǵ۾һ֮УҪ֪ĵ۾ڣܹһɱ۾ڵİӰȴûܴﵽһǵ۾ĳ̶ȣ
˵ʱֻǲţʵѾӹˣ˵˰ٷ֮ľӡǣٷ֮գھĽܹõ֮ǰһ
Ҫ˵ǰһٳˣ͹١껿աĸһϣҲܻ£
ٳΪûʲô˵ˡ
Ҫٳеֱ֪֮䣬ȥ׷ᣬҪٳɱ˼ô϶֪ʲôجΡ
ҡֶ֪ж񣿡
Цһֱӵ֮ûʲô˵˰ɣҪսս̨ȥֻҪסԼսǲݵģ
仰ٳʱһ
֮ǰǿʾҶ΢ʵһ֮⣬ƺûʲôˡ
ѵСмΪʵɣ
ٳЩ㷲ϸ۲һֻлʾڵΪΣɱٳɣ
ٳ룬ϹżƷ似ӵϹżƷսĻģֱܱɱˡ
뵽ٳԶҪ򲻹Ļֱˣ˵ԼսΪеϵģ˪Ůǣ
Ȼٳȴǲ֪һ˼ʹսʤѾû˰ٷ֮ٵİգѾʧȥԭġ
⣬ȴֻһ仰Ч
һԼʧȥģôսηηβԭʮɵʵܷӳ߰˳ɾ㲻ˡ
̨ɡ
ٳһۣת͸ǽڵս̨ȥ
ͨһȴţͨս̨ڲȻŽգս̨Լս֮˱ǲ֮棬˷ǽľӹ̣Ծǵ۾ǿ߶Խƣ
ʥܱнշ󣬸˴ϷɽȥˡֻҪս̨ͲκܹˣҲӰս֣
ƾ۵ʵǻһЩʱ䣬ܽЩ͸ǽ飬Σշʱ򣬾۶оԮģٵһʱ䣬ܴ͸ǽ壡
ս̨ţ߽ս̨ڲΧսȫϾǽ˾Ϊ˿ԼսģԼսҪʼ˭˭ܳΪǳʵ̸ʣ
תս̨ٳ΢˶񣬸Ǻ˵һ֮תҲ߽ս̨֮С
һǰͶõԼսһϾҪʼ


950 ֮
ʥ֮⣬˶ڹעⳡٳս˶˵ˣǿʾԵĵһܲΪ֪
ٳʥҲΪߵΪսվһϣս̨ټҶõ˲ķչرٳ˵˲˵ǵõһЩǿ似սڵʵɲ⣡
ʾڣٳ۾ڣս̨Լս˭ʤ
˶ǱȽϿٳģϾٳǳʥдټãô˵Ǹ۾ǿߣڻõս۵֧֡
Ҳ˱ȽϿȫΪⳡԼսȫԼģһܲԼİɣ
ԣ˫϶ʤķ˭ʤ͵ÿ˭ɱﵸǿһЩˡ
ߵУȻٳҲһŵĸ˽
һٳ΢΢һЦʼˡ
һ仰һſڱһϢ֣ͨ˲žĵϢ
ٳ״һҵҪⲻ֪ߵغСӾʲôֶΣ
ֶΣǲᣬȴϹżƷ似ս
Уؿˣ
ٳһȫɢһսһһӿȵĲΣžϢϮ
ܹزˣƼΪˣٳս۴ѧϹżƷ似Ѿ˴ɾ磬ֲ
۾ڵ磬һеȻľϢ൱
ˣǾزλһرһظǿֵزΣľϢ㱻˲֮С
µؿսΣȻ£·һͷҪɣ
һĻʱΧ۵Ⱥھһ⻹ֻǵһеĽ棬һνУٳȻɵĻĹƣҷȥǾزεΪֲǺ似ˣ
һ̣ö۵Ķ䰵Ǵзɳ˲Ͷ뵽ϮؿսĲУȻȻը
һӣصĿսĲξȻǱ߽һ㣬׷׳Χɢȥ⼸ö䰵ǣֱжԷ似еֻ֮һƻ˶ԷսɵĽṹ
򵽴ɾϹżƷսԭɱҪƾԸң̫˵㡣
۾ţϾԷǵ۾ڵޣһʼҲûд⣬Ƚһ̽Ѿ֪ٳֶˡ
ȥֵʱ
ϿġϿվɱ
ȻѾ֪ԷƾֶʲôǾûҪԷˣϹżƷ似ս˵սṩٳõĶˣҪ˵ٳɱﵣǾԲŵģҪȻټˣصȵȥͽսۡ
ԣһֱ̳ɱﵣϿվɱ
һ̫żƷ似ͬʱеĶϿʥȪսɫˮвƶһ̱ʧ٣۳һյУ˲ٳ֮ڣ
ϿվɱԸЩǿĶַǳЧٳ˵ǿȲڵһУûκεֿ
ٳһоؿ˱ֵȡϹżƷսʩչֶζԸ䲻ȴһѵӳԼڣ˲佫ھ˲١
ۣ
ٳ̲סһѪ˳ȫû뵽ӵֲֶֿΣûоô£Ѿˣ
ǵ۾ǿߣǿҲǱһ̶ȵģû˶ȫһӸ߰˳ɣʵ·Ӳԭһɣ
סס֡
ٳѪ̧Ҫ˵ʲô⣿
Ѿ޳ܵһ̶ȣȻ˪ĸף˪ѾˣûκαҪ֡
ɡ
һ̧֣ϿվɱһʩչɫĶϿʥȪ۳ɵУ˲նٳĵ࣬ûһ˿һ
ٳشȻǲٻȥˣֱͦͦĳŵϵȥǰ¶һ˿ڵɫҲ֪ڵʲô
ǺںԼս
Ǻ
֪Ҳ֪
ٳ֮ս̨֮⣬ֱӳ˵һ٣ɣ
ٳĵأȫȻûκ뵽ٳⳡʮԼսȻô򵥵Ľˣٳ׵ıնɱˡ
ôģ
ţǵȻ֪ʩչĶϿվɱֶΣһӰΣûκμѭֻҪǿһбܱˣնɱ
˿ʼ˽׷ڵʵжǿȻһ˶Խȥս͸ڴˡ
۾ڣӵϹżƷ似ͳƷսٳɱ
ô۾ڵĹ١껿պ͸أ
ˣһһǿٸ̤۾ڣʵԶٳһܴʮٳ
ڼ껿ա͸˵ˣһˮ½ʮ˳֮һһ׵۵ĵ״ӣʵԲС
һ·նȫɵ
˱ٳһսθڣ׷Ϊɱٳ˿ʼ֧
˭뿴һŵ𣬶ǿ೤ȥ۸һ󱲣˹ֻ뿴֣Ͼڳ˲δ̤ؾδǿʾϵıԣֻ˵֡
ڣȴסˣϾЩʲôܣʵ˿ֲܻܱԼؾĶ֣
Ҫ֪ڵ۾ڵУٳǱȽǿĴˣ
ɵɱٳôǷпܻܽȥĹļ٣
ɫʱ
ʵϣǺһ˿ٳµʱɫȫټȺ˸һȻ벻ļȻС
ؼǻ֪ôɱٳ
ù㷲
Се찡
ɫ˵
ѵСˣ
һǺӲˬ˵ô˵СӲŻʾڣҪٳûõķһһնɱģʲôСƾаˣ㣬ϻҸṩĵҩҪɱСӣɲˡ
ٻе㷲ģǺ⻰е΢ȶһ£ȷٳͬٳǺвһöӣ٣ȴ˵ǺӺҪ£
۾ڵĹӣȻңԹٳǺӵұ۰򣬲ҵõһöܹʱǿĵҩ
ֻҪöҩǵ۾۷Ķ֣ٶҶһ
Ȼˣһȷûʲôµˡ
¶˺Цݣ̤߽ս̨Ҷʢĳ𣬽ʱˣ


951 ǿ
ڹٵĻûϡ
Ҫӹʢ˼֪ˣһֱ֪Ϊ۵״Ӻ󣬴˲δôڣ۱սȡ˵צ¶ˡ
ϾɱٵĶӣ
һɱ֮𶼲뱨Ļǻ𣿵ȻҲÿʱڣپΪʱˡ
ǰնɱӦÿĿˣ
ҲϻУ
̤ս̨򵥵һ仰ֱַ̧֮ųһеھصͨȫȻðһ˹
ۣԷͨҪԸǲ˺Զ
⹫ٵΪǵ۾ڣû似ǿҲٳҪǿϲ٣ҪƾϿվɱһնɱ̫ܡ
ţԲͬĶ֣Ȼʹòͬսٳʵ̫ˣ˷ʱ䣬ֱӶϿվɱնɱ
ڣٺôǵ۾ڵĴڣǿȾͲˣϿվɱʩչĻˣһʽûɱ֣ܾܿͻᱩ¶ԺͲˡ
ԹٷųĵУ޻ɫ߶ȥЩЩֱӾͱһ룬Ȼ֮ϣ׵ס
ţºȻըһ𣬽˶С
ͨػ𱬷
һиֳɫػ𱬷յΨһһͨǿһֶΣ⧲֮£۾ڵǿߣҲԻᱻˣ˵һ
Ȼ֪ɱٳҹ٣ûκλᡣ
ٰȻڴһƬ棬ܿɫͱһ䣬ΪξȻĳ˻롣

ôܣ
ɫ䣡
΢΢һ̣ûϵԷӵִӵ±ĹֶΣΡ
Ȼǿʵһܹģ
֮ǰ֮ԵֵԷĵֻΪ˶ĿˣӶԷĹʵϣǹͻȻͨػ𱬷޷ܵʲô˺
ǲһ㡭
Цһ̧ͷųԴ֮壡
ǿȣŵСͳԽѰޣ磬ҵһǿˡ
ĴڣҲǹ٣
ٵĹǿ˵첻ʲô̫ˣûȹٷӦһԾĵʹ嵱˲һƬհף
Ϣ
֣֮
Ͽվɱ
ʩչͨȻʩչϿվɱ̫żƷ似ȫ˲һƬŨ֮£Ϣֺ֮Ȼ£ֱӽ˺ɣȻ󱻰׹ֱץסص˵ϣ
ȻͻĶϿվɱͬĵУֱӽڵһ־ѣھһʱڣٳˡ

ֳУһоͻ˹ٵĲӣʱ˿̣ȴһٶȳˡ
䣡
Ȼһ̣˵ǸӰȻ˲ըѿһֲȼ˵һҪһ
ǹ٣ȻֻǸӰ
öҩɱˡ
Զһĵһööʯ񷳯Ȼ£
ϹżƷ似ʯ
һȫ˲䱬ȼս̨϶һƬ磬Уʮöʯ£ٶȼ죡
һ󹥻ȹһʼǵػ𱬷Ҫǿ࣬ѾвȫΪٷһöҩ
ʱ˿̵Ĺ٣ӵ൱ڵ۾۷ʵ
ʯȻ£ȴδ⣬۾⣬Է֪۳һ
˵ڵ˵صľƿأǳУԷǷĻ϶Ͳˡ
Ҳ˵ٲķڿҪɱһɲǣʩչһֶΣԼ˿ȥ
ô˵ڹھӦǱҸһЩġ
ţԿ϶ʩչϿվɱʱ򣬹Ȼ䱾壬Ƿ
ڹٿʩչֶƾˣʵϣѾˣΪ˲Ż޷˵ķöϹżҩԼĻ
ԷҲὫ
ҲκֶΣɱң
һЦȻȫûнڵĹƷһֻ̧֣һֻҪЩһƾֵܵסˡ
ȻǿѾ¶ôûȥıҪˣȫǶһ١
죡
ڻ֮дУȻöʯҸУһȴֱײʯӰһ⣬ŹһȦ
һƷ죬Ѿʩչ˳˲˵ͬɫĹ֣˶ѹ
ֶΣɫֱ䣡
ոտöʯȴܣֱӽöʯײ飬СӾӵ
ɱ
ٶʣƾʵϵҩܹɱˣȴû뵽ӵ˿ֲǿȣ
ҲûãΪĹѾ١
죬һƷȫѹȫûа취ֺɲ󲿵ˣܹѪѹ
ȥʱ֮ڣȫֻʩչ
Ը٣ϾǿҲΪ׵İ취һûʲôֶѰ죬ʱ׼ɱС
һö䰵ǡ
һǧö䰵ǡ
ǧö䰵ǡ۳
ѹʱڣֱĹŲӰ鲼ȫ۳˶ǧöĶ䰵ǣΧ˹Χ
ǲϺ˵ս̨Եһ̣ǧö䰵ǺȻ
ս̨Уһɳʯ˲ս̨ΧеӰȫɳû
ǧö䰵ͬʱȻǼΪˣԼѾ㵽ˣȴǱһαըܵһЩƤˣ֪һαǿ
˵ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܱǿ䰵ǵۻǱȽģڣڵȫһա
ǧö䰵ǣܹ۳ǿֶˣһйս̨֮ڵĵ涼ǱһһôݲһƬߡ
ڹ٣
ͱըʬ޴ˡ


952 ս껿
ս̨֮ϣɢ
ٵȫʧֻʣһ˰Ȼʱ˿̣ս̨Χȫž˶ոһ䰵Ǻ䱬ˡ
һʾڵܹʩչֶΣ
¾۾۷壬һܹʩչ˿ֲʽɣ
һУ˲ȫһˣûйϵԼսУֻҪܽɱǻʤˣԼľʲô
ս̨𾪵һĻǺһϵɴ۾ЩţҩĹ٣Ȼᱻһиɱˡ
ӵʵ
ųУض飬ҳȥɵ
껿ȴ̷Ӧ˹һĨ׺֮ɫԥĳս̨̤ȥͬʱһȣֵһսˣ
䣬һֲĽս̨ϸ֣ڵĵطȻϮ껿ˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һԽΪ
Ҫεֵ
껿²һ㣬飬޾ָҲǾġ
껿ҪľһЧΪֱӽٳ͹ٸնɱˣĿֲʵȻðա
ֻҪлᣬֱӽնɱͺã
ֻϧ껿©һǾʹ˲ٺͼڣʱ˿Ȼľֱӱһͼڣȫ˲ֳӯ
սвͨģ
ڵͨĻӡ۳ĺͼڣƽպܶӶڹؼʱתΪǳá
ֻҪһͼڣȫ᳹׳ͲҪľ⣡
˷ǳɫ⣬δ΢̣ӭ
ҪԿЩ⣡
껿ռ״ʱһϲԼЩƻŵģǵ۾۷ĴڣҲܹƾֵסЩ⣬˵ˡ
Ϊ˱껿жʱȡһϹżƷսѳѾϵϵĲΣܹӳΪֲ
һ̣ѳ趯һƿսۣת˲佫װΧ
֮ǰ콣ڵƿսۣγϣΧУĻһ̾ͻᱻЩʬ
ֶڸոԹٵʱѾչ˳ֲȫܵıϡ
ף
Χһһɵף˷·ӵ߳ʹߣ˲ͬ
ǳɫȻ͸Ϯϣϡ֮ڶȻȴʼ޷ס
ŶƿսۣµӡǣȴҲ޷׽׻顣
һĻü껿Ӷ˳Ǻεȿֲķ
ֻлʾڵľ磿
껿ڷǳһ㣬˵Ļȵ̤۾ӵкεȿֲս
սۣҲ׾پܳɹİɣ
˫
껿ղҴ⣬гֱһͨʩչ˸ƿֱ౬һΪֲ֮ǰƿս۸ǿ
״ѣ˫ƿķż껿ûκͣЪӰһ˫Σ
γһУƿգҪ౬Ȼǽʩչ˫
״ֱö䰵ǣȻɳ˫ε飬һֱǸط
ģ˲ƣ
˲ڼ껿һжȻ۳껿ѹסôһ˲
ôһ˲Ĺƽ׹ֱ۴иֱ֣ӽ껿ץУͶ˼껿ڣ

껿ɫһᣬ˲䷴ӦȫɣһΪ΢СĽȫߣ˲佫׹ֱ𿪣ǽڵľȫɾˡ
껿Ѿȫûд֮ˣԴʱ˿̵ȫԸģ֪ĺܿԼ
˫
ȻԱ飬ٴʩչ˲ƿȥֶμ޷ֺҾˣƾҲ̫ܵصˡ
Ƿ֣յֶͨΣԸ۾ڡ۷Ѿûʲôˣһ棬ԷҲӵֶͨΣһ棬˫̫ͨԶԷ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôô
ͨһǻʵͨҪһεɱ䣬ΪѣҪľһЩضĵرĵرжǲ۵ģΪʵ̫ˡ
ţ֮󣬾͸úúһˣոľӡǣȻԸֿ֪ͨεĵرλá
ȥҪҪǻĵرˣ̫󣬵磬ĵرȴǼΪ󣬺ޱȡ
عڵǻڸ껿ԼսأȻͨУֻøǿֶˡ
Ʒĥ
һ̧֣һɵĺڹ˲ֱƿļ껿ա
껿ɫһ䣬һڹ̺ĿֲʩչԼڡ
ҪԸҲ뽫ڹ⾻С
͸ʱ䣡
죡
껿սڵĥʱİѾ׼ˣֱӽ˳ѹס
˵ͬɫĹ껿ѹƣ
˰ɡ
һЦ񷽲ŶԸʼһöһöĶ䰵ǣܿһöö䰵ڳг֣Χ˼껿ԣ
껿ձѹȫȻǿüһĻʱüͷɱﵵģԸһʾڵСӵʱãڿȴǲˡ
ֹĻ³ͺ͸ոյĹһģһʬǶҲ
쵤
껿һҧ˱ͱڿеĵҩöҩ쵤֮ڶʱԼмΪֲĴ͸
򵥵˵ǿ˺ܶ౶ҿֱӺзڣ
쵤껿մ˲䱬Ȼ˰ѹϾöҩ̫żεĵҩǼ껿ɱﵣǰһϹżеõġ
ôҲ벻ڶԸʱ쵤ˣ쵤֮ͻòһˡ
Ȼ쵤Чֻܳһʱ䣬Ȼһʱڣ㹻껿սɱˣ
ȻֻǼ껿Լ뷨ʵϣ쵤صĸ࣡


953 Ѫʥ
껿շ쵤ȫһƺȻѹ˿
ţ裬ÿһⶼű֮ǰǿĴ͸
üͷ΢壬ܵЩеĴ͸Ӳӣһʹ߶ĵطܿ˶Էһ󽣹⡣
ţȫϢԴ֮壡
Ƿ쵤ļ껿գһǿ嵱һʱڿѲˡ
Ͽվɱ
вǳɫˮ޾սϿʥȪУ˲Ϯ˼껿ڡ
һ֣͸оԼԶϿվɱ̫żƷ似õӳѧ̤Сɾ磬һ
ˣϿʥȪΪ޾սڴʱ˿Ҳ˲ͬѰǳɫˮͬڴһ㣬ֱӽ껿յ˸Դ
ѪӼ껿ų֣
۾ǿ߼껿յȻȫֵסϿվɱĴɱֱӱ͸ʩչһУ껿յȻǲˡ
Ӿѹļ껿գֻоһʹ̱㷢ԼȻѾд͸š
⵽ʲôֶΣ
껿дŵɫ˳źȥصս̨ĵϡ
ż껿յ£΢˿һ̫ż쵤˲䱬ʵֲ̫ˣЩУ¾Ǳǧٿ׵³
ʱʩչԴ֮壬˲佫ԷסӶΪʤ
Ҫսһʱüͷȴ΢΢һ壬ΪƾصľƿأܵǼ껿ھȻһֵ
Ѫ
Ϥ̲סۣȴڼ껿ϣȻһɫâɫâ£޴Ѫϻָܿû˿ڣֻʣϱƿ󶴡
ôܣ
벻ʱѪжʱޱȾѵ껿󲿵ˣ
ܰ˵Ļ껿պαս
ܿʵ껿չȻ󲿵ˣܷ֮ѪȫΪȷһöҩ
öɫĵҩڼ껿յɢѪԼٶκ˼껿յѪ»˹
ѪȻļ껿գվԼȻֻˣҲеãܿϱ㸡ֳϲ֮ɫ
Ѫʥ϶Ѫʥʮǰ̽һϹżУҴæ֮зµöҩȻЧ
껿ţԽԽеϹżƷսܵԼŷ쵤ЧڣоԼҪɱϣģ㲻УڼȻ˵ʱҲֱ䡣
Сӣ
껿նʱһȫȻս̨Уʱ˿ֻ̣Ҫ뿪ս̨ΧԻᱻЩУЩ⣬쵤Ӱ£ǾмΪֲĴ͸ġ
һ⣬пܽɱ
ԶԷܼĹֻܾȥܣ˵ȫƿغͶ䰵ǣܹܵÿһľ켣ǲһΣա
䰵ǣ
̧üö䰵ǣֱΧȥüؼĽֱӱ飬ͬʱ϶Ҫλ콣⾹Ȼû˺Ҫ
ֻֽϳһƤˣǷ쵤֮Щ⣬Ȼ˵ޱǿ
ȴСˣƾҪɱúء
껿ռһκβһ̧֣гٴλ裬ȫܼޱȵĽʱһ
ܼĽ⣬һϮ
һֱ۳߸ͼֱԼԵ߸򣬺ͼһ֣㿪ʼΧĽ⣬ϮĽ˽ȥתԼʹõ
ԭôལ⣬߸ͼڻ޷ȫߡ
ڵ߶ڵľӡǣ۳ĺͼڣǿȾͱȵ֮ǰӶױȵЧ
Ȼ㻹ûǾȥһΰɡ
ֵס˶ԷɱУһ䣬ǳɫĶϿʥȪһвƣ߶Ͽվɱ似˲仯Уչ˼껿ڣ
껿ո۸ལûУȴ䲻ܵԼһʹ
ϿվɱʱǱľıԴ֮סģ֪Լô˵ġ
ؿһʹǳɫˮɵд͸ͬ˵Ķߣʱɴ۾
ˮУʲôʲôʱڵģ
껿һ֣նˮУȻܿ죬ˮиܱƻ
ȻĽܹնˮУ鵶ˮˮ
ֻһˮôܱնϣ
նˣҲֻնһʱһ̾ǶϿʥȪ޾ս֮
͵İɱս㱻ǰ֣Ҳ赲乥ơ
Ͽվɱ
һ̧֣ϿʥȪ۳һǳɫ⵶˲Ӽ껿ʧֱӴ˼껿յĵ
һ£ֱӾʹ˼껿յҪ
콣⣬һ´̽껿յʱһӾɢΪЩⶼû֮ԴȻ޷ټȥˡ
껿ĿԼﴦһȵǳɫˮĿˣΪ֪ʲô
䣡
껿صأͶʱ䶼ûУͱϿʥȪֱӴɱ
һ֣㽫ϿʥȪս˻У޾սȷܺãھ˿ֲϵ˫ΣٽϿվɱյֻεȵĿֲ
ѪʥĸЧֻиոôһΣʵҲΪ껿շѪʥüˣڷõĻεġ
ѪʥߵĲѪƳǿ˵ҩʥȴơ
ֵҩֻ󲿵ĵ磬ǲֵģ껿ջԵɺϵõҲ˼侪ˣϧжöѪʥûʲôˡ
ż껿أö䰵Ǻ䱬ʬ޴棬ȫΧ۵һƬ
ս۾ǿߣԭҶΪܿܶȴû뵽Сһ·ɱ˹ֱնɱ۾ǿߣ
ٳ͹ҲͰˣھȻˮ½ڵʮ˳֮һ껿գУӵкεȿֲս
նɱ껿յһĻԭʮ׵״ӣ죬ڶսЩˡ
磬Ҳֻе۾ڣͼ껿һģ˵Щɱڣϼ껿տ϶Ǹʤһؼǣڿնɱ껿գҲʲôѹӣ


954 ֮
׵۵ĵ״ӣ츳ǿᣬھ֮лͻƣ̤˵۾ڲΡ
Ϊ۵״ӣԼһֱǷǳĵģڣԽնɱ۾ǿߵ̲סЩˡ
ʵ̫Ź˰
ô֣𣿡
ǺҲսȣüͷ΢˸һ䡣
˵Щˣȴǰʮ㣬һҿɺͼ껿˲һ﷭
Ǿͺã㣬ܽնɱºǺӱл
ǺЦЦ˵
ǺҲŻʾʵڵ۾εսʵǿԶ껿յ˵ʵҲǹ㲻塣
Ȼڸ컹ģǸ϶Ǽǿˣ
ڲԶ׵ۺ١Ϻɵ˾ۼĵطŸǺߵֲ֮Щʹ޵ˣЩ߸Ϊˡ
ʦȻҪѵǺҲʲôöС˺׽̫׵ɣ
ֲ̲ס׵˵
ȴ׵ȴ̾˿ҡҡͷȥɣȥһսӮ˵ģȰһսȴΪӲϣҲûа취˵Ǳ۵ĵӣҲܿ˼룬ǿ˵ᷴԹҡ
׵⻰ֲ׵ȫһݣʦ𣬶øԲĶ֣
жǿ
𲻾֮ǰֲס˻ȫڵ׵۵İΣȴѾǺӡսһһǶԸҲһЩ
Ȼ׵۹ͬʱҲˣȻ׵˵ˣܰȻȴʼղţÿ϶׵۽ġ
һ;ѭĺѣ
Ҷ΢΢̾˸һۣȻ֪һʼԼսΪ˻Ʋ죬ѱˣ˼ֻ֣ΪԼӶѡ
սȺУоڡ̫۹ˮ½ڵˡ
ˮ½ڵǧӶԼϼ껿յĲ൱ޣÿһҪɱ
ʱ˿̣Щĸ߲ɫȴǷǳãΪ̬ƣûнһٻ˸죬ôϣʲôܹ赲
˵֮綼Ǵ˵ˣ
Ծڡ̫۹ˮ½˵ԲһϢ
۹ļ˼һȫЦˣһʼύ˰Ӱɱ֣þǸӢľ
Ȼ۱սȡʵδز

ܿ죬̧ս̨׼нһԼս
Ȼٳ١껿Ҹ죬ǹԹͶĺãɾסˡ
ս̨һɵӣȫƮԵ硣
ھսưڣԵЩǱɫȴǱȸɣ
Σ˲֪
˵ôһ䣬ȻһſֱһϢ˲պ˸Դ
Ȼ˲ӣ
벻һ仰Ͷˣʱɫһһ̧һ׺Ȼը죬ֱӽǿھϢըˡ
ͨ
ʩչͨȻǳʩչͨһը֮󣬽һ׹⳯ȻϮ
Ͼ˫أҸҲһܹԽսǿߣ
䰵ǣ
һ̧֣üö䰵ֱӷǵϮ׹⣬䳹׻飬һֱ˸ԡ
֣֮
׹ֱ۴иֳŸֱץȥ
С֮ܣ
һȫĵγһžȫ֣ȴ׹ֱץһž׾Ȼͱʴţ
⾪֮ܣͬǸһֶͨΣǳ
΢΢ۣ֪һȷһֵģ̽ʱ֮ǰ껿յҪǿ˲١
ǸʵֻĻ治Ὣ
֮ףҺ䣡
ţӻȡһսϹżƷսҺ֮ǰٳͬǣսȻѾϵϾ磬ֻһϵ˫ˣ
õ֮սѾܾãҲֻϵϹżƷսѣ˵̫в
ֱ֮ӳ;׹ը죬ܿΧ׹⣬ϸ

ţȻ׹޷ͨ䰵ȴӵ̫żƷս
ңһϵϵľ磬ԲڶԷľۡ
һ֣αڲռ䣬ǰʧ

Դ֮壡
ƣ
ϵʩչֶΣֻһɭȻľϣǾǿֶΣ
߶˾Χ׹˲㴳׹УŸתŸڴȻȥ
뷴ӦһϢȻ嵱
һʱ䣬ûܷӦֱӱȻײɣ
ͦǿ
۾ۿŸ챻ײɣȻûЩ⡣
˵ǵڶײûģһ׻ʣǻǴ̬ǿᣬ죬ҲǷùĳǿȵĵҩҪôҲĳ似ˡ
ȻûôһײҲ߻صģˤڵأŶײһ㰼ݣһѪ
֮
켱æʩչһͨԼסͬʱһ㾪׵ΧʶҪĹֶΡ
ȻĹ̵ʱ˿һƣ
תȻƿնٶȼ죬ʶſֶΣȴٴαײ˸ţ
õǣſ˾׵зһƻƾ͵ֵ
÷ù󵤣һдļ似ǿڳˣĻһӿҾˡ
һ£ǿȳˣʱͷɱǿˣʱҲûоš
ȫ׹ٴηھ֮£ѸϣܿҪָȫʢ״̬
ţ˵ͬɫĹͻȻΧ֣˲佫ѹס
ڸոգҵ᲼һƷ죬ʱȻֱӽס
ƣ
ʩչƣȻȥֱײ˱ѹסĸ죡
ʱɴ۾һУ˵ǿ󣬵һнײĻҲֻ·һ


955 
ѿȻȴһ㣬鼱֮£һбɱƣֻܱԼǿɱﵡ
壡
Ȼѹ޷ʩչκڵ壬ѾΪʵͨ
ֻһܹΪһǵ۾Ϊ۵ͨ
һе֮ԴԸƽÿ춼飬ǾþĴԼȫĴԴĵ
һȫ㸽˾ĵǿֱ
Ƕ㲻ĹˣȴѡԼٶǿ
Ȼײ˸ţаѹ첢ûбײɳȥһײȫ
ʩչĸ죬ͦʹģôһײȻͬ׻һ㣬ֻܵһƤˡ
Ȼ׻ֻлʾڵΪȴǵ۾ڵΪǿڶص֮󣬸ϵ׻ʵҲпԭ˾ȡ
״ҲǱһû뵽һǿȾȻ˿ֲʩչ˰ĸ죬ǿȾԲ
ϾҪ߳࣬ǿҲǿ࣬ȵﵽ۾ڵĻǿȿ϶ڵĸҪǿ١
ֻ΢һȻͺͣ͵ļʩչֶΣһνһεĺתͬһײ˸֮ϡ
ʱ󣬰ɢҲƳײɣ˿һѪ
Ȼȫģȴڽεƺ±ײˣ
ʵȷӵǿǿȣҶ΢̫ӡһƿ
һţһҡҡͷֻϧĶԼ
ԻʾΪκˣŰ֣Ͳһˡ
Ʒĥ
һ̧֣һڹȻֱû˸֮Уĵʼʴ
ȻǿᣬĵɢȻֱӽĥ˿
һ˲ʱڣĹƼϮ޾ľ⣬ڴֱƮɢȫסս̨
ң߶ľ򣬽ս̨Ŀռȫ֮ˣΪҪʩչǵֶΣɱﵣǰֵʩչ
ȫıɢȻܹܿ콫ɢֻϧʮĹŲӰһʩչ⣬ɢٶȻ۳ÿ졣
ͬʱľĵ泯ŸȻϮȥø첻ϷЩĵ棬ԼͻȻϮУЩʤ
˵İǿҲҪּܶҵսУ춼ֻżһö޾΢ָһ¡
ĵָõĹҪġ
Ū飬ΪܶԸ𣿡
һոճ˿籩Ĺû൱͡
ոôǿĹ϶ǿֶ˰ɣȻǶ޷ɱ൱ڲ֮أ
첢û뵽ɱﵣΪƵĹѾԶѰ۾ǿߵĲΣʩչֶΣѾԾˡ
֮ǰնɱٳٺͼ껿յֶΣҲǷŵģڻδóȻΪֶֻȽġ
ȴǼǿ
룬óֶο϶ԶʲôЧҲ˰ɣ
ٶȵֵΧϷϮľĵ棬Ȼ߱ڣƾ̽ͨȴܽΧľĵȫ֪
ڵֵĵͬʱ첻ϳ̽⵽ڴȥܿȭͷϾһö塣

һлʾͨƻȻޱȿֲ
죬һлʾͨսѾԶѰĵ۾۷ˡ۾֮ٴűܳΪ۾۷壬۾۷һ޶ȵġ
ֻнͨ۵ܹͨĴСޣʱڵ۾Ϊˡ
ֻʾֶΣ˵ǸõĴУҲûǰֳڸպ߶ڣϸ˼
Яޱȿֲƻų̡Ϯȥʱ䣬žԣһ·ֵĵ棬ڽӵ߱
Ȼ֪ǣܵģȫֻһĹŲӰˣ
оƿصĴڣھеĸ֪ȸǿٱҿԹϢ̽⡣
žĿֲȫľⶼɢȡ֮ޱҫ۵ľγһֲռս̨
ս̨֮⣬˴ʱսֻ̨ܿ׹⣬Ĺɢȥȴ֪͸ںη
ʱһԵڶˡ
󡭡Ԩ
ŵڵĿռѷ죬˷֣˲䳯ŸڴȥøճڡɱĸȫûܷӦ
ΪѾɱˣڲ֪ԭþȫֻĻĹŲӰ
ʲôƭĸ֪ģ
־ŭ׹еľŵڿռѷѾŰΧʱҪȴֿռĶ޷ãΪս̨Ѿľ֮С
ԨݻױȵģİԵֵƵĺԨŵڿռѷ죬ȴֽͬһ㣬ȫûеֿ
һԨѷƿնӵֱϣֱӽֱ۶ڶԨѷһն
Ԩѷȫʱ򣬸˶ǾŵԨѷն˷飬һûʣ
ȫ׹˸û֪ս̨Ϸʲô£׵ۺ׵۶֪Ϊֵʱþƿطս̨ϵϢ
ʲô򣬵
ս̨һУһ˿ѪûĹŲӰƭ˸죬ܵһЩˡ
汻еĻ¶ǵֵסġ
ֻϧյصľƿأ̽طȸǿ̫࣬Ӷ춨һԼսʤ
ȥȫľĵⶼʼɢȥǰĳս̨ϰȻս̨֮Уֻʣһ˵Ӱ
ʲô
ǸˣǸ챻նɱˣʬ޴棡
ֶ
ᣡ
ⳡԼսĽ֮Ȼٴλյʤ


956 ս֮ŭ
ٴսܣж
ս̨һĻֱΪֻ֮̾һʾڵĴڣȻնɱĸٵ۾ڵߣе۾ڽ۷׵״ӣ죡
ʵȫԱȵˮ½ǿļˣڣȴ˺ɱ˶֪쵽ôġ
ˮ½ڵʮȫһǰʥǵʱֻǸͨؾСϺףھȻѾɳزˣ
ҪٸһЩʱ䣬Ҫˣ
ˮ½ڡڡ̫۹޾ۼ֮Ǹȫüͷ΢壬ųеһëȻĸоСӣ̫ˣҪǵĳˣ
ˮ½ڣǾڣ̫۹ʱһľ
֮ǰʲôԹȥǾԲܺˣΪڹƾһ˵ʵѾвĸˡ
ųиɢΪʦ׵Ҳ̾˿
һ;գȥһǿߣ粻ȥһѰ׹ǡ
׵̾˿֮ˣʵʺϵıܺĪҪΪӶԼΣյľأϧ츳ǲԸȴǲС
Ȼ׵۵ĵӣʵϣ׵ҲǸ̵ˣʱֻҪһ̶ȣᱻߣҪ˵飬治Ƕôġ
׵۶ͣ˵״ӣҪԼս׵۶ֹˣǿֹһ·Թ׵ۡ
飬׵۵Ȼȥġ
һ׵Ҳ΢΢ҡҡͷЩ״ӵԸ񶼱Ƚʺһ;ǰûиģ׵Ϊҡ
֮;죬۵״ҲʲôΪһʵǿɾʹشˡ
׵ۺ׵۶˸п˵ڳսˡ
ƾʾڵΪսʤ۾ǿߣʵܵõ˵أֻڣȴţǳ۵״ӣսۿ϶ߴ˳ͷɣ
Ǻս̨֮⣬Ŀ緢ʤĳЩɫ裬أȴû뵽ӲͷôѿС
Ȼ껿աε߶ԸôҪնɱҲֻƸǿ֮ɱˣ
ǺתܿһԵļƻ
˵ôûˣԭڳ⣬ôô֣
ͻȻһŵʥǵĳſڴһʱһݣȫ̧ͷųſ˹ȥȴȻһƽ׵սۣս裬һЩ˵ĳԱʥⲽ߳սϴޱȰȻ֮ɫһ۾ս̨վս̨е
սԳΪ֮һδ̫ۣܵһ鶼֮С
ȻʥۺħۻһЩԼʵϣʥۺħҲֻ̫࣬Ҫ̫֣ʥۺħ۾ó档
ԣս۷ǳ˳ľ͵޽һԼˣ̫۹ˮ½ڵȵȣ
ڣս۵ȻϳⲻǸμǿǿʾ꣬
սۼǵΪĵǺǿвŻ䣬ûܵõǿһʧȥǰ˵Ļᡣ
ս۵Ȼûʲôøеģرǰ۵״ӣ
սһֱźûս۵ʱ򽫳նɱͷˣڣȻҪͷǾͺúһˡ
ս۹Ǻæƨƨߵ˹ȥͼӴ׵Ľոշ˵һ顣
ر漸Ǽ˿ɶĵģȴܲˣֱӽ˺ɱӵǲ
Ǻҧгݵ˵
˵ҲͬģΪǶûնɱֵģôԷ϶û취ġ
ֶΣֱӺɱˣʣ£ȷΪ̵ֶΣ
սǺӵĻʱɫһ壬ս̨еʵոձ۵״ͽ˵ĻǷʵ
սϼһﵱȻûʲôøУЦһЦʵΣǲʵΣ
ʵŰɱ۾ʿȻҪ⵽ͷģϾЩ۾ʿǱԴ޵ʱ򣬵۾ʿͲ㣬ȴɱͬΪԼˣѵ񼫣
ս۴Ȼ˵⻰Ҳû˺ܴһҪͲ޶սȻǵ۾ʿɱôĸ۾ʿӰǲС
Դˣȴû˿о
Ҫ֪͸ո֮ս˵õԼսҶԷԸ̨ģѵǣСעɱǣ

Цһսۣ֪ոĳսȫԼսԼսУκεĻ᣿෴ҪڵµңͲ˰ɣ

սսŭĿԲȻһ£ԵüΪŭС뱾˵ģĿ𳤣۶ǰʦν̵ˣ
Ȼ뿪磬ˣսȴǲŹۣʱ˿Ҳȥۡ
ҪΣ
ȫΪս۵ĻûκηӦֻǷ˷Ƥʵ
սҪĵ飬ţԷ϶ôôھûҪʲô֮
õȡһս۵ദĻᣬȻһżսֱӺɱ¡
ʵϣս۵Ǻദһˣڵ˵棬ȴҲ̫ˡ
ҲһλţԸһ񣬲һ޳Ѩѵ㣬۱㲻׷֮£Σ
սüͷһʵ
һ޳Ѩѵ㣿
еףսۿһŪԼڵ˵棬սҲ̫֣Ҫжп¾ͻ⵽⣡
սۣδ̫ܵЩ
ʱ˿̣׵ȴǶսҲЩˣվ˳⼸Լս̨֮ǰͶ˵ģȻԼսȻָۣȴû˿
˴ˡ
սԣʱһɫ֮ʣ׵ǰҲ֮һӦ֪۾ǿ߶ǶԿжãڣȴֱԼ˵ܲʹģ
⻰˵ģսȫΪһƫƫΧ۵У˶Թ޵Ŀս۴ԻΪͬ
ȷҪǼ껿ա˶ȥԸޣҲܲü޳Ѩɣ
У̫ûֵˣ
սȥμӽ޳ѨҲпԭ
ðɣͬμ񡣡
˰ֹ֣һ׵ۼ˵ԼսЦһЦ˵
⻰һʱΧˣ˶벻ȻսڵĿȥ


957 
ٺϵ˶֪ҪսӵĻºпܻᱻսֱӿӵ
Ͼսۺͳгս۵״ǺӺг𡭡ƾսۺǺһֱΪʵû취ţսȥμӽ޳Ѩ񣬻᲻趨һЩɱȥԸ
оųɾŵĿܣһȥ޻ˡ
ǣ˶ܾʱȴֱͬսΧˣ
ʵϣҪӦĻҲûܽôϾ׵ۺ׵ۿ϶վߣֵõսţ
ȻԼӦˣ׵ۺ׵Ȼ֣ȴҲö˵ʲôˡ
ôսۣΪĺƽԸμ˵Ǹȥһ޳Ѩѵ㣡
ЦңҪʲôʱ򼯺ϣʲôʱ֣ɵ֪вʮ죬ҺһЩ˾ҪˣЩȽϺá
ô˵սۿ϶֪ʮҪǰˣĹ涨ս۶
ʮڽĻͻᱻϡ
ս۾Բ
ͷĺˣǸ޳Ѩѵ㣬׼˲ϣöС
ս۵Ҳû뵽ôֱӵľϵˣһϲȴûֳǵһЦ״˻ǺܲģΪ翼ǣһֵñ޳ѨɲʲôɵĲ£һСģ۾۷ǿ߶п䣬ɵ׼
ǰô˵ʱжУǿɾͺսûϵˣһֻܹԼû£
һСĵģлս۴ˡ
˵ţȴ˼սпľٶ
һʼսۿ϶Գ֣ս֮⣬Ҳûٵ۾ĴڣУҲֻһǵ۾һǵ۾ڽ޳ѨĹоȫԸ
Ȼˣһ»ǲΣյģǵ۾۷Ķֳ֣ɱУܽԷϾ˭ӵǿģϿվɱȫܹɱһе۾²εĶ֡
Ҫһǵ۾֣ҲĻᱻɱΪڵ̫ǿˣ
ģһֱȵսԳ֣ս۳ֶȻڴ֮ͥµģʱֻҪʩСƣȡս۵
ʱһ͵żóˣ
սʼҪնɱȴ֪ȻҲҪɱʵ벻һ㡪֮һǵ۾
ôɱ
ҪβѾˣս۸û뵽̫Ķ⣬ϸƻĿɳ֮
жһ翪ʼ˵ĴǷҪһ𣿡
ս۵ЦʵӻܹһȴܴЦ¿صɱ
ˣжһ˾ˡ
뿪ս̨Ȼӹսе򣬿һеݡ
öУжľ巽սͽһж׼ˣ֮ôֻǳ䵱һա
սۿܾ϶ԼսУȻˣȻͳμν޳Ѩѵֽţ
ս͸źɱУܻڽ޳ѨôܶԴ˶˵ʲôġ
ս۸ȻתǺ뿪ˣǺǰһۣڿһһȴȫˡ
ǺӲǸСûнֻҪɵսۣкܶ˻ҪǺӵ
̫嶯ˡ
δͷһЩ𱸵Ů㴫˹׵۵״Ҷ΢
Ҷ΢ǰüͷ΢˵ѵ֪սľҪŪ㣿㾹ȻֱźõǴ
ͷһҶ΢ͷϵ̫ӡʱЦһЦҶڵңĺˣսҪƺңûôףҿܴʦ׵۴ˣӾռ䶼ųˡ
֪ʲôʺˣ
Ҷ΢˷ۣսۿɲһ˾˵ǳǳǰʥзǵˣѾϳʥǣ֪˹ܷŹġս˵Գ֣צɳһ㶼ֵס˵ܿжʲôֽţһ޳ѨֻǸأ
ҶӦˣ˵ЩûãҵȻȥ׼׼
̫Ѿͷ˵ϾܽԼеƵġ
ιҪûյĻҸһȥɡ
Ҷ΢סڴĵ㿴һ˵ĻױݺҪһĻԲҶֵģ
ѾͷǶܸȤȻţѾͷԲŮ֮飬һֶδ֪ĺ̽Ͼһֱıֶ̫ˣҶ΢ʼնܺ档
ǿʾΨһʤҶ΢ˣһ㣬㹻Ҷ΢ˣ
á
Ҷ΢ҪȴֱӾܾˣɲôһƿ˵Ҷ΢̤˵۾սҲ϶Ȳڵ
һ˾ܽ飬ΪʲôҪһˣ
οսԳֵĻںҶ΢Ĵڣ϶뽫Ҷ΢һնɱģʱѵҪҶ΢֪һżܣ
Ȼܣ
ܵģܣиҪ顣
̫͹Ҷ΢ľˡ
ôôǿ
Ҷ΢ͻȻֶеֱɨһеݣȻߺߵˣ֪ˣұһĺˣ̤۾ȵġ
Ҷ΢ΪŪҲĵģȴЩˬˣѾͷôôִأ
ҪŰ
Ҫ㣬϶ҲǻϦ裬Ҷ΢
ðɺðɡ
һҶ΢ͷϵ̫ӡȻѾͷˣҲܾܾһͱ̫ӡˡ
ܣôײ̽
Ҷ΢˹ִضΪԼΪۣ
˵Ѿõ˾ӡǣʱգԻᳬˣ̫Ʒȴؼǿսû֮һ
̫ӡھĽ϶Ȳȫ˾ӡ֮һ̫ӡѣǾһɱ
񻹼ǵãһ˫к׾̫꣬ӡֱӺɱͬĶ֣ҵֵס޾սƿֲ
̫ӡ϶̫ӡƻǿһЩ֪һҶ΢̫ӡѣʵᱩʲôĵز
ֻϧڵҶ΢֪̫ӡ̫Ʒһ֣֪̫еʲô
ȻҶ΢ִҪҲΪѵĳһ£ܷȡһ̫ӡˡ


958 ʼж
һϮʥǵԼսȫʤΪֵºȻӦҪǰ޳Ѩ͸˳ˡ
֪޳ѨǸǳΣյжΪû֪޳ѨоʲôεޣпѰ۾ΪҲпܻһЩͽ׵۾εĴڣ
սһʱ򣬻ǿͨռͨ͹Ļڽ޳Ѩ˵ش
ܶ۾ǿ߶ڽ޳ѨĹСڻᣬҪȥƴŶԣ˵ڵǱչ̤۾ԻΪһǿߣ
ȴѡȥ޳Ѩͨ˵˾ȻǺġ
սۣҲûʲô˾˵ʲôȷ۾ǿս˵ʧСȥҲǴ
ˣս۽֮󣬱۷׷ɢȥˣصʥ֮ȥ
ȴûлȥǺϦһþƿΣص޹ŵ֮С
ȻеƣҲҪΪжúüƻһرǻҶ΢ţҪһЩ׼ˡ

ڶһ磬һʥڴһ۱ȺҶ΢
ˡ
ŮҶ΢һʱǰһⲽӭͦˣϾҲǰˡ
Ҷ΢һֱֺ棬Լ̫ӡѾǿˣһֱֻҪ߶̫ӡʹûйֵܹͬסġ
Ȼȴƺ׾ٵĵסˣǾŵڵĿռѷֶΣҶ΢ӡΪ̣ϾҶ΢һ˹
õҩˣҲ֮һЩϵ໥ΪˣȴʼûҶ΢һЩܡ
Ҷ΢ԽԽ棬ڴʱ˿̴ҲҪһȥ޳Ѩ
ս۵أû
Ĺˣһ䡣
Ǹʥͷһˣһȥɡ
Ҷ΢˵̤꣬ʥ֮УȻһӡһ͵ʥĴͷ档
ʥĴͷ棬һֱ˵ڸڿţʱ˿̣⴫ͷУ˿صڸ֮⣬սڵĲˡ
ս۴ˣ벻˴жԳ֣ңȻܺս۴˲ս
һսۣʱ˵
ͷУ˵Ĳٳϣʶ۶ڣʱ΢΢һЦǴ˸к
ô೤ϣȻ˶ս۽ã˶Ϊ֮УϾ޳ѨжпǶжһȥء
һν޵ж˵ǸΪҪжΪһжɹݻٵһݵ㡣
ԣ˴жǿߣܹʮˣожս۵ˣͲ֪ˡ
ȳ˵ܺս۲սȻ뼤սۺԼһȥһԷпܰгֶԸԼ
ֻսҸƫƧԸлһżɱԷĻһ¶ȥûκκô
ս۽УûᵽսۻԳ
һһ仰ս۶ʱһڣ˭˵Ҫһ޳Ѩˣδӵģֻ˵һڸϰˣ
ĺˣΪȷ˴жɹǹؼʱ̳⣬۲Թ۵ġ
ս۳˵Ҳֻô˵ˣϾΪնɱܱ¶Լڳ֤Ļ׷пܻе鷳֦ȻСΪϡ
ͷѾˣʮ֮еˣǵڰСӣסԼǾǾȫЩ۾µޣɧŵǿߡ
ս˵仰ʾҶ΢Լˣ˴жߣУޣޣȫǵ۾ڵǿߣеλҲ͡
ȻڰСӰڵ߸ˣֻЩСɫ񲢲ɣΪСɫȻʵȴడ
ԷһѷΧǵ۾ڵʿǺܵġ
ɨһۺԼֵͬڰСӵˣӦöս۵ˣϾԼսѾնɱ˼껿աεǿߣսôɵ۾ڵԸԼ
ʱֶԸԼģǲ˴жǿߣҶǵ۾εǿߣ
ֻһˣֶֻξֵܵһǵ۾Ҷ΢һ𣬵ɺܶࡣ
ûж룬Ҷ΢һǰ̤˴ͷ󣬺һΧصһ𱻴ˡ
˵кܶ࣬Ҫ̫İ취ˮڣսԳ֣ĿҲͺ׾ʹﵽˣ

Ҷ΢ˣһƬĮ֮С
һƬĮǰҶͷʥǧľ룬ɳԼ̫ԶĶֻܹһƬɳ
˳ƬĮеһͷϡ
ͷԱߣѾʮһڵȺ򣬼Ҷ΢ˣպǲμӴ˴жʮˣ
˴жΪ֮ˣһ׳ӵжǵ۾ʵ˵ڸ֮һо죬ʵޱȽӽۣҪĽ޵жһ㶼оμӣ˶Խ޷ǳо顣
жʧϧ̷͵ûȻɹϣ󡣡
쿴Ҷ΢˴ͳ֣˵ͷȻ˵ܹʮˣ˶Լķֹʱ򿪴ɱԼְ˭˲նпܵжȫʧܣ𣿡
ڳȫͷʾףϾ˭ԼСЦһжʧܣʮУֻоһܹ뿪
ˣϻ˵ڿʼж˳
˵ͷͷɳ֮УűڶѸٷ˳ȥ
űһܹɳԼԲ״ľͽʱʱ֣ʣǱǽıˡ
ӡǣƺطЩĸо
Ҷ΢һ·ϣͬʱԼеľӡǣ˼ָоطһǳҪĶһ㡣
ӡǣǾ۽֮ҪƾĶھӡǸоҪĶҲ˵⸽һڽ֮ҪõĶ
ܿƲһ㣬ǲ֪Ҫʲôط
ƬĮλãߵķλǰǧ㵽֮ıԵطʲô
ˣﻹ޵Ѩۼأ޾ۼĿܱѰȺʥѵƬĮд޵ʥ
ܿ뵽ʲôЩ
ޣȺʵǳԽģ
ܳΪȺʥǾʲôĴڣ
Կ϶ǶԲȶϿʥȪ޾սòܹõĻ


959 
ʱûж룬ڼԿ϶ʥƬĮ֮УȺǧûҵĶҲԼҵ
Ȼ˰ٷ֮ľӡǣ΢ܵһǶϢصȵոľӡǣܹȽȷǶʲôطˡ
ڣҪıӦս۵ɱ
ҪսϼһԳ֣ȿǰ漸ɱҲ֪սЩʲôɱң
΢̣Կ϶սǲǿǵ۾ǵ۾εҪɱ൱ѵġ
Ǵ˴жӾ죬˹˽һΪ˽޶ƴܰսﷴ顣
ôʮǵ۾ͱȽϿˡ
΢עһ£ڴ˴жʮУ˴ӵľ֮⣬˵ڸϣǶǵ۾ĲΣֱζӺӵСӳ
ӶӳһŮӣǵ۾ʵ̷ţ˵Ϊ˼Ϊ̣жûѣɷϵʵȷۻӱùս۵ĻᣬֻϧʧˣֻܳΪ˵ڸϡ
Ӷӳһߣ巣˱ʥнҫջλʦͬ˵ڸ֮һ
֪ʦ巣ҩйϵģϾ˫գ֮ǰѾƲҩкҫջĺ̨ϵ
巣ʱҩе̨
˴жʦҲҪս֮һΪԸ޵ıݣѰĹƲֻͨ巴һЩǿ󹥻УڵĵСӣ˵Ǵ˴жͷӡ
ô˵已̫ܻͬսԸңǶӶӳ̷ţս˵Ҳ̫ڳԸҡ
ţԽԽԼɼƬ層ݣԽԽ
ѵսۻᰲԸ
Ծ裡
Լʱ֮ԭʱʱֵǼ層ݣڿʼǺüޱȺΰĽÿһߴɣƶˣ
ÿһԲ״ģıݣľмӹ̣Ϊֲ
Թԣ⼸峲Ѩǰ޳ѨҪϺü
ȺУ˿ʼ˽Ȼǰ˷ǳ𺳡
޳ѨУʲôأ
Щǵ۾ϵĲΣǴ˴οɾˡ
õġ
ʱͷ֮˾˵ˣ˵̽̽̽⣬Щ޳Ѩڴڵʱ̫ԶѾû̫УǿҲǵ۾ĲΣƾǵʵܹѨӦò⣡
ϣ޵ݵ㣬Զڴ˴жҲ쳣֮̽ʶĺѣһţȻ̽Ľǿ϶ûġ
ϣˡ׼жɣճϣҪˡ
Ӷӳ̷ţӶӳü˵ıɱֻĮܷӳ
ͷɫҲأɱ²ʺﲼã׼֮˵Ҷ֮ɱ󣬵Ļ£ܷ֮ӳ
ԼŰɣɱú֪֮ͨһǰȥϸ̽һ
˵꣬һСӵİ˷˳ȥÿһȫΣ޶ȵԼϢ
ĵһСӣСӣͬһսǿСӣ˵жꡣ
ž뿪һӰ˶ɳУԼΣñԶ޳Ѩڵ޷κζߡ
ͣĵطѱ޷ֵλãλãڳ֮ǰѾȷõġ
ֻȾ巵ķӦҲúˣʱʽжʱˡ
ȴʱǰ
Ҷ΢ܽˣɳҲ֮䲻裬ɼ˵ػɳ꣬Ѱĵط²һʱͱɳϢˡ
Ȼ֮䣬Źһʱ䣬֮ͻȻ;ܵһɼΪŨɱ⣬Ӻ󷽳ԼڴϮ
ҶСģΣա
Ҷ΢һ䡣
Ҷ΢üԵ˵ͷһۣҲЩԾΪ⸽ʵ̫ˣһֱڣǾȻһͷ޶ûм̫Źˣǵǰ޳Ѩʱ򣬺ԶԶܸܵϢһ޵ѲСӡ
һ̣ͻȻһǽȻ
Į֮Уɳ׷ڵȴһǽεضֱ죬ǽֱͷҶ֪ж񣬰ɳѸٷ
ǽ֣˶ȵʱǷߺұߣҲֱһǽӻĮаεضƺҪмһֻһ·ͨ޳Ѩĵ·
ô£
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᲻޵
˶ûмʱЩֽš
һǵ۾ʵĴڣֱӳźǽһе۵ֲͨʽΧɳըȻεضǽȴΡȻ
޷ݻ٣
Ǳľӹ̵ǽǵȷˡ
һ۾ͿǽǼӹľģ佨ȫķֻǽϣȫ̻һֹŹֵ·Щ·յ̬
ˣôܣ
Ӷӳ̷ɫʱһҲǾսˣûȻᱻһȺ޸
ڵɲˣΪǰǼ峲ѨķѾޣһҺɫԲΣгǧͷ޺ƺƵϮ
ıˣ׼սճķ󣡡
ڳǿˣҲǶӶӳ̷ŵϣ̷ȻӳԱɱ˳ȥ
ʱ˿̣˺󷽡ߡұȫߵǽסЩǽȻοռĹܣֻѡƴɱܴκεطߡ
ǰǳǧ޳ɱΨƴһˡ
ǳ֮ǰĵҶ΢ʱ̲סЩţΪԷʵ̫ˣ˭£ֱ׽ĸо˵Ҷ΢ˣЩĻš
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ս̣ڣļƻս۵ļƻƺ˵⣬ȺˣȻ޸ˡ
ֻʵ


960 
ܲսӣȻߵķʱԼģھʩչڳˡ
Ͼ˵о˭ս۵Ĺӣ
ŶӶӳ̷ţҶ΢׷׳ɱǰϰٸĻĹŲӰ۳γһɳǿĳֱ˳ǧͷȺУ
ÿһĹŲӰڳȺ֮ʩչϢͨͨʩչԸЩͨؾʾεޱжˣÿһھϢʮͷޡ
Ҷ΢ȫ׹ⱬɢȺУͬڰеһҫۣҲͬɱһɱޡ
̷ڵޣʱ˿Щޣȫɱһ㣬ûκѹԴ߶ŷϣȻɱķȫһ浹ѹơ
ȺȴֻЩЧޣǧȺУͻȻһ۾кڵǿޣӻɳ鲼ĻĮ³˳һӾʹ˵Σʮȫɢ˿
Ҷ΢Ҳͷ۾ڵ޸ָΪս˸Զһͷ۾ڵޣ˵ѹǺܴ
ʱ䣬ȫ֣ʵĺͼնתΧϮĸֶΣ
һϢͷ۾ڵ˳ȥԷƵޣЩ֧Ųסֻܳź󷽲ȴܿ뿪ĹΧʱ˿̣ްΧ޷׷
Ȼܹܵ۾ڵޣ޻ŵ£ȴҲ޷׷ȥնɱڣҪնɱޣϾôޣôɱɱģֻһеô£
ս۵ҪֵĻӦþ˰ɣ
в²ţһߵֵΧ޺һ߾пֵܳͻİɱ
һֱȴţȴôûս۰ŵİɱЩɻѵս۲δʲô
ⲻܣսۼȻμж϶жнնɱȻˣ˻ҵ£Ϊλûж
üͷ΢壬ѵͻս۵˵İɱƻ
󷽡󷽡ҷǽռڣͷ˵ǵȷս۰ŵǸҪŻôڵĶ֡
Ͼ˴жĶеľӢȻԳǧͷޣûκλңܿס˾棬۾кڵȺҲûʧ١
ҳȥֻҪ򿪿ռϣǾûΣˣ
̷ŵһӴȫҵĹһ㣬̷ڵĵطȥ
ҲʱһĵģͻȻ뱬ɢǶǵ۾ʦ巽µ֮ɣ
֮˲䷢ֲϮķɳ鲼ĻҰϳһѺ۳ΧɢȥȫЩѺ۸
˵ˣҲòСĶ֮Ϊ綼ԵǺɵĶ㿪ˡ
ǳǧ޾ûôˣһʵ̫һ֮ʵ̫ܼˣ㶼㲻ȥʱҳһš
֮󣬼ռе˲䱬ɢֲƻ
巽һУ㽫ȫǧͷȫɱʣµĶЩʵ޻ֵܼģҪ©֮㡣
Ϊǿʦڽ޳ѨĹУÿһζܷӾ޴ãڣֻҪȡ㹻ʱ䣬һбĵͽޡ
ʣµЩ۾кޣû֮󣬶Ҳǹκв
ɱ
û˿ͣͣ߶ӰɱΧɳеһЩӰУ˲նɱһͷ۾ڵޣЩУֱͷ޵㣬һ
ݹȫΨһܹһɱ޵ˣǵ۾̷ţһкɱ۾ڵޣΪ޵ķʵ̫ǿˣǻĻʵڹһ޷ơ
巵֮Ȼȫʱ徲Ҳ΢˿ҵԼĿ꣬ʼԸЩ۾кڵޡ
ûǽԵĶ֣ͻȻһǿޱȵϢӻĮٴγ֣һͷһͷٴγƵ棬Ϯˡ
һγֵޣȻܹʮͷһǵ۾εޣͷǵ۾ε죬ʵǰǿ
ͷǵ۾ޣֱӳ巺̷ųȥȻҲǹؼһǵ۾ޣǸѰҶ֣ʼ˵˽ѹ
ͻһĻһ
ô۾εޣôܣ
֪ôˣѣ˵߷ǳȫûǿôô۾ޣ
ʱ˾ȻһЩɡ
Ϊֹ͵һСӻûٴγ֣û֪ںδǺһڸϻ;У
һЩĿܣ
ûʱϸ˼ΪӼҵսѾ٣ʮͷһǵ۾εޣǲȫԸĻпȫû
Ҳһͷһǵ۾޵סͷ޻͸ŻߵϢһֻߵıԴԲκȻֱײͬһöľʯЯ޷赲ƣ
ͷ˵ȫֻǸСϺװˣʾڣʵ̫˵㣡
ԣͷƺûôʩչ̫ǿֶΣֱЯƳײҪɱ
ͷȴˣȻֻлʾڵ磬ȴôױɱġ
졭ѹ
̬仯ʱ򣬾ڴ׼һʱ˿̺Ȼ˵ͬɫĹֱӽͷһǵ۾ε޸ѹסˡ
ʱ䣡
ƣ
ּ̧˲߶ƣʱתԼΪֲٶȳͷ޺ȻϮȥҾֱ׼ȫΪĵط
ѹ޸޷ĿȻײԼĵطֱӺһСӣ
Ȼǿ󣬲һǵ۾Σ
һûԥƺƵĳֱӽͷ޺ˣȻûܽɱҲ䳬һս
Ӱһǵ۾ޣޱȷŭȫɢ˲佫ڣȫһ̹⣬䱻˵㲿λȻʼѸٻָֻһգ۵ʱȫָ˹
ֶΡ
һ֪ԼҪնɱͷޣǼǵ۾εһż϶ģԨҲܽⶫһɱ
ʱԱһɫ΢΢һ䣬һҶ΢һͷһǵ۾޺УȻɳȥƬĮ֮С
ˡ
֪ڵ£ԼʵѾʲôˣʱ·ˣȻ·֮ǰǵôҶ΢С
Ҷ΢ȻɣӦò⵹ǸӢ۾Ļᡣ


961 ص׿ռ
Ҷ΢̫ӡȷ죬Ҳ֪ҪҶ΢õ̫ӡĳ̶ȣѱȵ졣
ڼȻлᣬȻҪȡһµġƭԷĸ飬Ҷ΢Ƿ̫ĻƤҲҪȡһ̫ӡġ
֮
ȻƬռеĿռȫӡȴʩչֱ߽֮ͨͨͻ˿ռ˲ƵҶ΢ĵط
һĻúҶ΢˶ս޸һ㶣Ȼû뵽£Ȼܹʩչռ˲ƵֶΡ
ͷޱ㳯Ҷ΢ڴɹȫĵϢȻɢţͬԶｵ٣ޱȿֲ
ʱ˿̵ֻ΢鿴һҶ΢ƣֻǻ˹ȥδ̫ܵ˺ƾϵ˵ҩɱκá
ؼǣҪҶ΢뿪ط޵İΧȦ
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һö˵ҩιҶ΢Ȼ߶еľӡǣʼΧռеռ
ֿռھĽռΨоԼӵоӡǵ˲ܹãӡǣֻһöǾڵһö
⣡
ƿأ
ͷһǵ۾εԼϮһʱʩչ⣬ȫŨȻ߶ƿأڸԼҶ΢Ϣ
һ˲䣬Ҷ΢Ǵӳгʧһ㣬Ҫ˵һǵ۾εˣǸ֪Ϊǵ۾ʿһֵܹҶ΢ˣ
ռ䡭ͣ
ͷֱͬͷӬһ㣬ھһΣʱ䣬߶㹻ռֱӱҶ΢һ̤Ǹ۳Ŀռ䴫ͨȥ
ζʱԭʧȫҲͷ޳ɢȴʧȥҶ΢Ӱ
൱ɻ󣬲սȻǳңͷ޵ҲûҶ΢ȥĶˡ
ȫûһ֪ȻѾҶ΢뿪
巡̷ŵĿҶ΢ͷһǵ۾ε׷ɱҪʩչԮȴԵĶסû취ǰԮ
ɢȥҶ΢γʧ٣òһҶ΢Ѿˣʬ޴棡
󡭡컪
ʱһ̧֣ķۣһ߲ʻ⣬Ȼȫϡ
⾹һֶΣȻֻƷͨڴʱ˿ȴҲӳ˼Ч
ȫޣʵȫ컪˵ѹȻһᣬֻȴûκ֮ɫΪǳ޾Ȼֻڳ
Ҫӳ죬ѶȾԼ
Ȼôʱ򣬴ӻĮ·ĵصٴͷޣÿһͷƶΪֲǵ۾Ϊʵ
ͷ޳֣ųоọ̈̄ѾռѹԵƣ˵˽ûκη
巡̷ŵ˶ʱҡ
˺ܿ𾪵ǣЩԾԵʵѹס֮󣬾ȻûлɱκһǽǸһΧм䣡
ȻڹĮԳһɫͨǳĳȥ
Ϊʲôɱǣ
֪Ǹǰߡ
ʣµʮ˳ԱЩɲûгֹǽ޳ѨҲǶˣδй
ڣЩ޾ȻǡȻЩҲǻ۵ģǻ۲ͣ
Щȥʲô
û֪𰸣

Ҷ΢߶ռֱͨ󣬴ͳµİΧȦ
ڴ͵ʱоƺһصӰ쵽ĴĿĵأڸƬĮʱܵĲ²ʥ
ֻǰһʱҶ΢һޱȺΰĵ¹ڴҲ֪λڶôĵصףƮɢŸͻߵϢȻѾûˡ

һҪҶ΢͵ΧȦģȴӰ죬͵¹⵽Ϊʲô
֮󣬸оƺһ˯ŵ꼴ѣǶо̫ãͷӡһͷǿһ
ѵʥͷⶫǷã
˲²⣬ӡǴֱ൱׼ȷģϾӡǱҪڽ֮ƾĶȴǱ
ôȻͲȥˣʱûʲôΣճ֣ΣգҲƾӡǣܹΪġ
ֻҪھĽڣǼΪֲģѰ˸ֹܣܲˣҲһżٻǵ۾εսż
֮ǰʹµпֻ֪ҪǴﵽؾĴڣǺ̤뵽˵СģΪ˵СѹסС磬ʹս
ԣ㹻ţĽҲǲؾĴڳ֣ǵ۾ƾǵ۾żǵ۾ܳסܾõġ
Ѿͷô
׼жˣеҶ΢ȴǸ鷳Ȼ˵ҩҶ΢ѾȫָȴδѹҲ֪ô¡
Ҷ΢ѣҲֻʱǰˡ
ܿ죬һǰ͵ĺΰǽڼĵصף̧ͷܼһƬ񷶥ڼĵص׻Ŀռ䡣
оڵĵطƺ໥ĵط
ƺҲ䴳ռ䣬ռ΢Щϵңطƺ뷽ѨԶ˵ܿ޴ˣҵץʱˡ
ƾƿأΧһϸ΢ı仯ָơ
˵տռвʥĻôôûҵʥﵹҲпԭˡص׿ռ䣬ȫ۷ӡ
Ҫӵоӡǣ˽طٹǧ궼һᱻ˷֡
ڣĽ룬طĿռӡƺ𽥼
طķӡʧĻ޴
⹬һаʮһڣĸڽȥأ
һ˼Ȼѭӡǵָ˴ʮڣžӡͻȻĸоǲġ
Ҷ΢ֱ̤˵ʮڣֻоΧһƬڰֵطȫûκá
˵صľƿأܹ֪ΧЩʲôһ֪ͨδͨҶһعŹֵʯĽɣƺδľ壬Ӳ̶ȴƺʥʤһ


962 սı
̤ΰͨлһЩ֮ĶϾӡǵϢЩһûз
ȻҲпʱ̫ãЩѾϾЧҲ˵
Ҷ΢ܿ쾭һ̤ͨһС͵УоȻкüʯĵЩģȽϹŹ֣һЩ̬ޡ
С͵õʱЩͻȻǻһ㣬ȫųһּΪ˵ơЩ񣬾Ȼȫǵ۾εĴڣܹӦ˵ĵӶ
ⳡһõ־ӡ̺һƺܹٿЩ
ˡطǾΪԼĺ·
һ£ֱӿжֹȻУо͸ӿ϶²ˣռ䣬ȫǾǰΪԼĹ
˽кܶ౻ӡ޵Ϊս
һ֮ܵͣҲԶطϢ³Ϊһ
۲һһͷһų˵һ㹷ܵ񣬻һ׿ǳ
Ĳٿ²ߣ໥俪ʼܿ챻ֹͣ໥ϾֵԱӡǿƣһɱ
ȫһǵ۾εʵŸɵĻκһĶ֡
֪жĵҽȫձൽ£սǿֲ
ţܿʧˣΪ֣뿪С͵ãҲ˵ֻС͵Уָӵطȥ
ȻֻǷ͵ĵ񣬿ϧˡ
ҡҡͷҶ΢ǰУΪĿͺΰС͵á
뿪С͵ú󣬱̤һͨԭС͵еĵһǱһױʯ
صʱ񽫻ٴμȻ߷طֱԱϳˣ
ʥֵط۵ͦģ罫ѹƵޣ㷢ܴе谭õʥ
ۿҲûԼʧܣ
ܿ죬ͨһ΢һЩĵУ̬ͬĵʵ൱ڶǵ۾ĲΣܹͬӡǿƣΪս
ûֱͣӱҶ΢Źȥ

̤ͺΰʱ֮
Ϸ񷶥֮Ȼ˸һռĵص׿ռĿռӡˣ
ţһ޴񷶥Ŀռͨг֣Ϊ׵ȫǵ۾εޣܹͷһͷͷƣܹܵЩ˷ܼ顣
⵹Ҳܹǣ׷Ѱǧʥڱҵˣܲ˷쳣
ţһܹʮʿޱѹţҲ͵ص׿ռ
޵ӣƺЩޡ޳Ϊ̽ƷȻ֪һԼȺʥĵط˵кܶ塣
ԣ֮ǰ׽̷š巵ˣȫǵĿܣǵ̽ߡ
ͷУȻһͷǵ۾εĴڣͷ޵ָ£һͷǵ۾εȫϢɢֱӱһһǵ۾ε˳Ա·ľ͹ȥ
ܹʮڣͷ΢ԥһ£Ȼֱӽһǵ۾˳Աƽ˵һͨСЩȻһͨ飡
ţһͷޱһ˳ԱһͨС
ǰǰľˣҲѾȫ޷²ܹʮһˣЩޱŸԽһͨ
ֱڣʮһô֪ʲô£
жͷβһ壡
챻ѺͽʮͨʱȻ֮ɫӵжǵ۾ʵжλȨأΪ飬ڣȴ޵Ľ
ңᱻЩޣȽ뵽żУ̽·ڻҡ
ˣ˴жĲμߣȫǺս۲֮ˣ巣̷ţ˵Ĵڶս۶ûʲôô벻ս۾ȻȦףһ򾡡
мֱڵѪ
ǾսۺᣬϾ˫ǲͬȺʲôƽĿܣսṩЩϢȴǼٵġ
ʲôطȫ
ûʲôǿޣ
ȥɣ
Щǵ۾ǵ۾εô£
ʵڳ֮ǰŵĲսۣһཻĺѣѣ̽طȻóϢ
ڿȫսѣƭЩǰ
ʮ˵ÿһ˵֧սۣ㵹µ֡
ս۵ʹ޿˵ǵԸӵĵزжսģûʶμжȫǺսûʲôϵˣڿȫս۵Ŀӡ
쵹֪սۿܻжж֣ȴû뵽սҪĿ꾹Ȼˣ
ȻھѾʶһ㣬ȴҲѾ죬ֻΪ޵Ĺߣȥ̽пܴڵ塣
ڵľ죬ֻܼϣûʲô壬ʱ䣬Ӷиῼܵ顣
Ȼã첻Ȼδ˾ȴҲٹΣˣʱԲ
죬һͷǵ۾εޣͨǰһ·϶ûκΣ
͵ǰŵʱͻȻһֲһΪԼȵʲô壬ͷҪԼˡ
̽ͨź죬ȴֲˡʵǣȻڻͻȻǽ緢ֱӽͷǵ۾ε޸ɱһۼûܹʣ£
żе壿
ȻǿޱɱζѾˣ
Ȼ˺ȥϾڹ⻹ţȴԲñȥ̽Σյͨˣ
첢֪ոͷδǸֲ壬ҲҺҶֱһͷ̤ͨ
֪ԼԭͣȥСĿٳͨȥܿһС͵á
У̬ĵƺѾǳϵӡ
̤뵽С͵õʱͻȻǻһ㣬һޱǿƣ˲ͷţ


963 Ӫ
С͵е񣬸̤ܵϢʱ˲Ǳⶳһ˹һηϢȻ
ֻһǵ۾ĲΡ
ܵϢһݣûдסԭأԼٶȣδȫ͸ʱ䣬ѸٴйС͵ã˵ö档
ٶȺܿ죬ոѹѾ촩˵ãԵھ̤֮С͵õһͷޡ
ͷ޾ǵ۾ʵһͷǿĴˣ̤С͵õһ˲㱻ѹĵϣֳõȻ
ͷ⧲ֱӱУӲһЩϸСѷ졣
ֻһʱ䣬ѵĵ㽫޻ˣ
Ȼֻһǵ۾ʵΣѵĵȴܷӳǵ۾Ĺ໥ϼѣؼ汸ǳ
ͷվǵ۾ĴڣȫĵϢɢֱӽѵĵ𿪣ȻŲԶľ׷˹
첢δͨͷ̫ͣãΪо񲻿ܵסͷޡ
ʱ˿̣ͷ޹ȻѵϹƣ׷С͵ãѵ׷
ֻҪ뿪С͵ãָţ׷á
ͨУٴγž׷˫ȴԽԽԶΪȻŶǵ۾ĲΣٶȴޱȿֲ
ܿ죬ڶ΢һЩĵóھǰһͷ˽ȥٴѣһΣֵǵ۾εĵ
ٶʵ̫ˣͬһһ㻮ãûȫѾѾԽ˵á
׷ޣѾﵽͷ֮࣬Ȼͷ޻δ̤ڶã;ͨһ壬ͷȫͻȻӿɭȻ֣ǼӲ׸ʴ
һĻһȴвһЩƲ⣬ѵΰеأǿ޵ģ
˲²⣬ȴܿ϶лǺûаȫС
ǰʱ򣬿һӰȴһ
ǰͨϣûгֵãȳһӰӰͨǽϣʱǰһ·žһ
ǰˣɡ
ȷȴģʵϣڵѾںΰһȦˣҽԵҶ΢úˡ
ڸոգо޵Ϣص׿ռУҺܿͨӡǸоȫ͵ΰ
ȻǽЩ˵ڻңȴѾףΰел壬ȫԸ޵ģЩþЩ˳Ա̽·ûãٻǵ١
һʮڣÿͨնͨãڼ䶼þС͵ãÿС͵жŵĵ񣬴һǵ۾εǵ۾ζС
ǰĵȽ棬ÿһ൱ǵ۾εĴڣʵޱȿֲ
ǵ۾ε޹ֵ˺ãҪ֪ʵܵѹƵģµĺпɲģܸκλᡣ
о˱ƽúҶ΢ӭӾˡ
ڵԿ϶Ǿ컹巣Ů̷ţȫսۼƻеƷȻǵ˵ĵˣǾԼˣȻҪȾǵġ
ûĻȻ޷ͨͨеĵãҲ϶ͨбɱ
ǻػǵ涼ԽԽ£㲻ԾˣֻǱһ㣬ǶǱɵġ
򵥵˵ûĴ죬˶ܵΰã
Ǿ۵ΰĿˣֻҪӵоӡǣƿΰڵĻء
ֻϧֻ˰ٷ֮ľӡǣ޷Զ̲ٿطĻءֻһˡ
ô
Ըֱˬֱ˵ʳ
鲻̫˵ֻҪ֪Ϳ϶ǰȫľˡ
Ц˵һϹżϹżеõһöӡǣҷƾöӡǣԲٿеĵ
ھ죬ȻܽԼȫг˵һ˵ҲͰˡ
ڣҲֻǽԷԼˣȶԷһûҪԷʲô뷨
ȵܾȵˣȥ̽Ѱΰ֮ĵʥӦþú󷽵
Ѿ˾ȴû뵽û뵽ȻܲٿΰеĶԶʱһϲ
ս϶ҪܻŻȥضù
޺޵˵˴жս϶һֲ߻壬ɵ
һлᱨġ
˵һ䣬Ȼžȥ
˾һһãеﲻѣȴȻͬ˵סδ˶֡
ޣֱӱصǰˣ⿿ͷǵ۾εޣųеĻ塣
Ҫ֪ЩֻҪܾͿԷǧЩͳ㹻ɱǧͷ۾εޡ
ܿ죬㵽ΰã
ãֻһڣǾǴӵʮͨģʮĸڣͨã;˸Ļ壬ͨʮͨ
򵥵˵ʮͨУܹǵ۾εĵҶ֮⡣
磬һɸ޷ֵ
Ĵ㣬ȾˣȻõʥӡǣ˶ͳȥȻƻ϶ô˳Ϊʥڱ巢ˣʲôܷ
ȥԻԴԴϵջʲôȥ
пܣϳֵޣע⣬Ӷ˹Ҳпܣؾεޣɱΰ
ôðʥŪ֣
˹Ҳֹ㡣
ãֻһۣľ͸Ǳ𺳵Ըӣ˵ܹ֮ǵ۾εĵ𾪵ĻôУȻһǵ۾εĵǧ֮࣡
̤ãЩȫƿ֮£ͷػһԵĽҶ΢
ǰϢɣЩ񲻻㶯ֵģȥ˾ȹ
Ծ˵һ䣬Ȼת뿪ˣһĿɿڴľ졣


964 ʥﵽ
˴ν޳Ѩжģһʮˡ
֮ǰսĹУѾʧȥʮڱ̽ΰʱ˵񡢻֮¡
һʱ㽫ʣ»ŵ˶Ӫ˳ܹԼҶ΢ڣһֻʣʮһˣ巺̷ǵ۾εڸϻš
˶Уǧǵ۾εĵʥﱣţÿ˶ǳм
˵ʵڻǰȫΪԼˣȴû뵽дȫ˻ȥϣ
λϢϢɣҵȥңû뿪Ĵͷ߿ռͨ
˵꣬ȻͶһ˳֮ȥˡ
ǧǵ۾εĵǱʮˣҲʮ˵жɲԼѰʥʱκ˵ҡ
˵Щˣ˭Ҳ֪ЩоЩʲôϾϲ⣡
ȥѰʥȻǲκһ˵ġ
ΨһֵģҶ΢ȻڻûѹҲ֪ǲǳʲô⡭
Կ϶ϵѾԼȫκˣΪλûѹͲ֪ˡ
뿪ãֱǰΰĺԼ
ΰĽṹҲӣ֮󣬱һ֮ղŲϹż̫żս似ҩӦоУЩǾ۱Լ׼ģȴȫ
֮㽫ЩȫѹһգϧǣЩûǶõġ
似սͲ˵ˣϹż̫żĲǲãȴҪرĶƷƷƷģûгƷͼƷĳ֡
ͷĲٵҩãϧгһ뵤ҩΪԶʧȥЧʣЩҩҲ̫á
ʹڲˣҸ˭ȥЩҩ
ԴΪգڲ֪ЩҩЧ֮ǰȻǲõģ÷֮ʲôǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ȥ벻˭Щҩֻա
ֻܵл֪Щҩʲôˡ
ԴЩź
ȻЩصı˵òǺܴ󣬵ҪǽЩѩ۹ׯ԰ˣþȫһˡ
ЩЩǵʵʮ
֮Уͬһǵ۾εĵָ£ЩﾡҾְ˺κͨһ
պ˺еж֮ź֮ȥں֮󣬱ΰҪĵط
²ûĻʥͲ֮ˡ
оӡǵĴڣΰ˵൱ˣΪΪƿһС
Ӻǰδ̫ʱ䣬ڼܵںΰʮڴӭ˺ü޵ҽȻΰЩܹƵġ
ΰ죬̤󷽵ıһһʯ̨ϣһöɫҫ⾧ʯ
ںΰеطȫһ߶ûеģڱУȴöҫ۵ɫ⾧ʯɢͬС̫һĹԡ
⾧ʯʥ
סĵļԸܵöɫ⾧ʯУ̺޾
ܵϵƺԴö⾧ʯ̺ǿһֱǻģһֱԪģ֣ҲһЩϸܵ
ⶫ֮˵ʥѵΪ޵Դⶫ
в²ţűȥ𽥽ӽöɫ⾧ʯö⾧ʯɢŴĿҫ۵ĹâҲ޷ֹĽŲ
ܿ죬̧һѽ⾧ʯУ
ûκΣշö⾧ʯͨס֮ɫҫ۹ֱӱ
Ȼ֪ⶫʲôãȻӣҾȽԺоɡ
ţҲʱ򣬴Ӻΰ÷ͻȻһȻ
죬һպ⾧ʯ̱֮ͷɱȥ

ϣʥ֣Ⱥȫסˡ
һͷͷǵ۾εޣҲ֪ӶԶĵط˾ĽУȻͨռͨΰڵĵص׿ռС
Щ޲ֻܴһʱ䣬㽫ʮͨе̽˸ڻ֮󣬴ͨʮͨеȫƻҽЩʵĵȫ
һʥʱһȺǵ۾εޣİͷһӵ˾졢巡̷ŵڵã
Ǿ컹巣̷ţʱ˿̶κζֻ˵˳źȥеǧȥԸȺޡ
İͷǵ۾ε޷׷״ʱһȻڱҶ΢һ򱣻ʮˣʣ°˰ǰס˴ޡ
Ǿ۸Լ̫·ȴҲǵ͹ʥӳ̶ȡ
ٶͷǵ۾εޣȺ˵һܴĿˣҪ֪ǵ۾һؾڽᵮС磡
ôǵ۾εޣһɼΪֲȻһ֮ھͱ˳ΰ
У޳սһţֲεսУΰΧǽڶûһ˿һƻļ󣬿ɼĽǶô̡
ֲб巡졢̷ŵȫľս
ֲεս
κһɢǣ˲ҷҪһﱣǣ˼ٴˡ
ʱ˿̣ȫһ飺Ķ
Ҫٲ֣ȵȫסǿɾȫ군ˡ
Ҳ֪еʲôȻô޹Ҵûô۾εޣһǵ۾۷Ρ
ޱ𺳵Ŀǰս૵˵
ϣûʲôΣգҵڲźá
̷ų˵ط¶ǳҪҪõʲôܹġ
˿֮սȻ׳ۣǻԶԶܿȽϺá
ʦҲ˵ͷ
ÿ˶жǿߵǰǧʵﵽǵ۾εޡսȫĳȴҲ֪սȫܹġ


965 
ΰУ޺͵ս쳣ңʱڴǺ󷽴
λҵطĳڣ̫ΣˣһǸϽ뿪Ϊ
Ϊα˸֪Χڣһʯţ˳źȥ
巻Ǿ죬̷ţûʲôûɵˣΪĻ޵С
ǲ֪Ҫҵʲôʱ˿̣ǲȥ飬ǰҪǱסС
Ȼҵ˳ڣǾûҪˡ
±Ҷ΢Ȼ˳źȥѾΰõĺ۽һռ䴫ͨþӡǸܵռܹ˴͵ĳȫĽ䡣
û뵽ǣڸһ֣Ȼֱ޵ıң
ЩޣƺǸܵǵʥϢһͷͷȫǿ˲һһĵ
ȻЩȫǵ۾εĴڣȻܵصѹƣʱ˿̣ΪʥǾȫϧһеҪס
ֻʱ䣬еǵ۾ͱݻϰҾͬʱһޱȿֲص˲ص׿ռ䡣
ΰ˲䱻һɿֲصƸӰ쵽ͬһ𣬽ΰļ̲ϣֱӳѷ죡
ʲô
˻أֻоöǺȻһ£˱һֲصƸ֣ȻʲôޱǿĴڽٵص׿ռ
²ڳΪʵ𣿿޵ؾǿߵˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬õϾ뿪ˡ
ߣͣ
һܿǰͷ巡һͨҲ㳯룬˵ı˵ĳԱûһ˸ͣһʱ䡣
˳Ŵͨ룬бҶ΢̤뵽ͨУ̤봫ͨʱԺΰһֲȻգ͸ͨϡ
ߣ
Ҷ΢һͷײ˴ͨУȻȴ֣Ҷ΢δ͵֮ǰ趨ָص㡭Ǳ͵˾ĽһƬ޾С
ͷսٵؾޣȻӲĸıĴͷ򣬵ûгϣǳ˾Ľ޾֮У֮ң
ȫˣ
ҿ϶󣬼ȻؾѾ֣Ͳô׵ķϵʥ
ʥҲѾ΢оһ£ԼƺûʲôãۼȻ֣صĴУͲõĶ
Ҷ΢һδͣȴԼΧпռͻȻ׽ס޷ٶκʽĿռ
ȻӵоӡǣؾǿڵʱӡȴҲûκá
һͷɫӰ˾Զ޾֮У˲佫嵱
ؾ
һԽԽ˵۾ĲΣΪĴڣӵһС磬ͬĽһС硣
εĴڣȫܹѹģûһ˿һԿĻᣡ
ͷؾ޳֣ɫֱӳ
ǲӦýʥﻹһ
ھʥͷ޿ҲŹ˰ɣ
ôûзϣ
ƶؾε޳ֵʱԲӲܣҪȻĻȺռĽˡ
ϾĽķΧ
ؾ޳ڲԶɫ䣬Ҫ֪ڵѾȫɲˡ
жı䲻Ľ֡
ڣȫǽ
𡭡
ͷؾΪޣԶУɢſֲصƣųһޱȵĺ漴һɫĹֱڴ
ͷ޿ֲѹ£ҪֻĿǵĹԼٲ˵Ļһͻ᳹׻ҷˡ
ʱ̵ԼȻûв²⡣
һƮĹĻֱӳǰҶ΢ֱӻסɵס޵һĹ
һƮޱȵϢһԡƮеѩӰ⴦޾֮УŮȻþûм
ͫ˲Ůһֱξе֮ԻȫΪԵʣ
Դϴ֣֮󣬾Ҳûгˣȴû뵽ھȻͻȻ֣Ϊֵסͷؾޡ
塭ȾȻַԼ
һƮȫܵͬʱҲͷ޽ܵȻؽ磬ͱŻȥˡ
壬ʥʥ㸰ͬھ
һصŴȫһӸо⾹Ȼͷ޵һҲཻܹģֻ֪õʲôֶΡ
ͬھ̫ˡ
ƮϢһЦʵѩӰƮȻһŨȻ˲佫ͷްΧ
Ȼ˫ѾսһţڵĲΣȴȫ֪սʲô顣
ȻؾεĴڣĽСУᱻѹסʵҲ˲ɱǵ۾εĴڣ˵СϺˡ
ôҲ޷ܵսΣֻ֪սĿֲսĻ¶пܱݻ١
һоƺһԼҶ΢ڵҶ΢ͬһ
ҺҶ΢мѵҺҶ΢ˣ
һ֪ܿˣΪ֣оȻ˺ܶǿĴڣÿһڣؾĲΣڸУƾĸ֪޷Щڡ
֪ЩʲôҲ֪ЩʲôʱģֻԼͨܵЩڵһϢ
֪ȥ͵˿ϷʱˣΪĳϣʲô鶼ˡ
޵սܿͷֳʤ˵ʵ̫ˣؽޣûκŵıǮġ
ֻһʱ䣬ͷѾƮбķѣʧȥڵСҲ顣
ؾޣڸǿĴǰǷǳģ֪ӵʲô
ޱնɱʱΧЩǿڣҲһ


966 
лŻԵҶ΢ʱޱȽŵĿΧгֵһڣЩڣȻÿһؾĿֲǿߣ
һܹˣؾǿߣѵЩ˶Ǳ𣿡
üͷ΢壺ǶΪ˶Ը޵ĻЩ˸ոΪʲô֣ԶԸޡ
ûзһ˿һ죬ڵ޶ȵĴ߶ƿطԼҶ΢Ϣ
˫ر£ΧЩؾǿߣȻһûĴڣ
ܵ¥ɽϵĵʲô
һؾǿһһֱ֣Ӷųһѹͼһ
ϧǣȴûн˷
Ľ磬ǾԴ֮أȻ¥ɽϹϽȴ̫ʧ׶ܴ˴
˵ţȫһƬ֣ʷǷͬʱеؾǿߣҲ˿û⣡
һ˵Ļĥ
Ľ磬ǾϵԴ֮ءҲ˵ھϵˣϵʹµ˵ʹİ£ĲѾ뿪˾Ľ磬ǰ磬ҷչĲ
ô˵Ĳ䵽֮󣬾ͷչ˾ϣ
֮ǰһ˫˵һ¥ɽϣô˵磬Ҫ廮֣¥ɽϡϣܴ
󲿡һ壬ֻ¥ɽϹϽµĲˣʵ϶ǱȲġ
򵥵һ仰У֪˺ܶǰ֪ĶЩȻʲôܣ˵˾֪磬֪Ŀ¾ֻ۲εĴˡ
ʹ¶ЩϾʹʱѾ̫Զˣڹȥ̫ãʹ֪ģοʹѾױ
Ȼ¥ɽϹܲĽ磬罫Ľ罻ǾϺˡ
˵ţ仰ʱΧؾǿȫŭˡ
ΪǾжǿ¥ɽ˵Ҳ˶ѣ
һؾǿ߹ЦĽ磬Ȼ¥ɽϣǾ¥ɽϵĲƲǾȨʣǾϵһѾܸˣҪҪ
ǣҪΣ
һЦƮ죬·ûнڳ˷ӡ
ϻ˵ϽĽ磬׳֣Ҳ¥ɽӦûκιϵ
һؾǿ˵ţȫɢų׹Ϣ·һԲϾҪ
ҾҪھĽһҺΣ
ЦһȫƮʱɢؾǿȫڣ֣֮󣬱еһϡ
һȴ¥ɽϵؾǿߣȻȫסһУȻһ޷ѳ
ô
һȻû뵽ͬʱؾǿߣ赭дӦԣԷȫס
ɱǣһܲڣ
ƮȻ𣬴˶Уһɥʧ˵ӣȫ˵ʲô
˵Ľ¥ɽϵĵ̣ǿ̫ˣ
㡭ǵţ¥ɽϿɲģ
еһһݻȻһʧȻ뿪Ľ磬ȥ¥ɽаȱȥˡ
˱ˣʵԽԽ޷²ˡ
ҲһѰؾǿߣڿѰؾǿ߸ͲĶ֣
ʱ䲻࣬˵
뿪֮Լɼλ˻֣γһƬϽԼҶ΢ȻЩҪ
ǰ뽲
ȻޱȹģΪԷʵǶԷһֱȹԼΡ
Ȼкܶ໰ҪѯҪıΪԼʱ䲻࣬Ҳûʳ⣬ѡԹ
ϾˣԼԺĻỹǲٵģȻʱȣôǹؼûҪѯˣʳ˽Ҳûʲô̫Ӱ졣
ѵõӡǣٶȵǲ㳹ƿ˾ӡǣұ㡣
Ʈ
ңȥĶ
Щɻ
磬壬ϣ
ʮ̵ּ˵һ䣬Ȼƿ˾ӡǣĽ㣬Ǿϡ𣿡
⻰һʱ˺ܶ⡣
һֱԼôչˣȻΪĽ磡
֪ģ֮ǰǾĽеľĲ䣬Ǿ۰ԼҪý顣
ֻϧʹĴڣþ۵ļƻҪǽĲͳ˾Ľ磬Ϊϣ
Ȼǿһ⿴ڵ֪ˣȻȴؾĽ磡
ڵľĽ磬Ǳ¥ɽϵƿصģһôĽٽؾϣǾ͵õĽ磿
ˡ
˵
һеʱкܶҲɢˣ˵ȻǼ£Ѿ֪ΪλΰԼ
Լһ·ܶණǱƺõˡ
Ǿͺá
ĴǷǳģ̧̧֣һ˲串ϣƺһЩֽš
͵ڣĵµһαװӡǣ֮⣬ûκܷ㵤ڵľӡǣõʥҲԲؽУͲᱻ޷ˡ
лǰ
˵ͷ
ٶȻڱ뵽޷ֵΣУΣգƾԼʵܹ㶨ġ
Ҳ̫࣬㳹˾ӡǣ˾Ľ֮㽫ǾϵӢۣĽڵһУģһ
ЦŵڣҲȻ㣬ֻҪھڣþϵŽ򡪡Ҳһ򡣡
˲֪ԼոյĲ²⻹ǲ׼ȷ;ҪؾĽ磬ΪĽǵĹ磬ΪǷӡ˾ľ
ʲô
̲סʵ
Ҳ֪Ʋ⣬Ǻʹ˵ейء
дŵ㲻ȷĶϸ˵ʱ䲻࣬ҵˡ
š
ͷ
֪ÿγھĽ綼ǶѹģϾĽ¥ɽϣھϡ
ո¥ɽϵؾǿһ뿪֮󣬿϶¥ɽиǿĴڣھĽΪ˱Щͬεǿ߷ͻ


967 ߳
˵Ҳֻһ·ߡ
ңֻǽɹߣȵõĽ֮˵ǿԽܵġ
㱧ŵŮ츳ƺҲҾͽˣͨ飬ұΪӺˡ
ţ㿴һеҶ΢Щϲ˵
ԶʱһɣȻҶ΢ˣǺãžһܺҶ΢ĹϵøһЩء
ҪɲҷҪҪҶ΢ţҲԸȥɣϾϵǿڣһ;϶١
š
˵ͷɿ˻еҶ΢
ǺεģܺҶ΢Ҷ΢ߵĻ̽ʱ򣬺ܾܿͻᱻ¥ɽϵ˷Ҷ΢ϵ̫ӡ
ʱҶ΢϶ᱻ¥ɽϵ˴ߣǱߣ˵ȻȽҶ΢ϾԼվͬһߵġ
֣㽫Ҷ΢δߣҶ΢ֱǰʧ뿪˾Ľˡ
֮УֻʣһˣҲûȥ̫࣬ж߶ӡǣռ۴ͨȻ̤С

ڶ˵Ҫӡȫգڴ֮ǰһЩҪ
ѩ۹ׯ԰Ǳߣܲܣ
սҪɱˣҲңڣ
ͨͨص½ϣ΢鿴һ¸ոԼһöмšŶϾҩļأ˵ǾϵھϣҲֻλȨ֮˲ܹ鿴
ҪΪʥڵĹеõ˲ٵҩڶ֪Щҩʲôá
ҪǶա˽ЩҩЧˣ
Ȼڲоҩʱһ㣬ھ˵̽ʣʱ䣬ʱڣ취ս۳һȥѩ۹һˡ
սۡңܶеˣʱ򳢵ˡ
Ѿ뵽һƻɱһȻһ㴫͵һɽС
ɽĽУ巡졢̷ŵʮˡս۲ɱǿߣһֱڵȴĳ֡
Ǵӵص׿ռĺΰдͳɽУ޾ۼƬĮ֮ңǱȽϽˡ
ǣȫ֮ȴҶ΢Ȼûǿռͨ㱻׹رˣ
˲Ծȴһʱ䡣
Ȼʱ֮γǰȴûҶ΢
ⲢӰϲ飬һȫӭ
СֵܣôôòŹѵǳʲôˣ
ʦ巣ǰֱӶʵ
ڻȻ뵽ҪԸս۵ķǷĹؼ軹ÿЩȥʵʩأЩ˴ùϵ
Ȼ㲻ЩҲͶսۺ֮ǣοһ
ûʲô̫⣬޵ǽˣõ޷顣
ЦЦ˵ǻһζԸս۰ɣ
Ըսۣ
һ˵ȫһӶˣ˷
Ů̷Ҳ˹ɫ˵Ȼ˵ҪԸսۣ϶Ѿдˣֱ˵ҪҰæģһƴǡ
̷ŴŮǳƣĻУһҪսûӹ
Ǻܼ򵥣֮ǰڵĵص׿ռͺΰѾȫûˡǿ԰սУȻǰ壬ֻҪսһɣ
һĨɱ⣬Ȼ˵
巡̷ŵ˻֮ǰصΰ鿴һбض޵ʬ壬͵Ĳкΰ˷档
Ҳ˵ڵĺΰһƬţ
ͦʧģΪҪһĻǵ۾εʵԸսۼֱвһ򵥡
ڣеﶼѾݻ٣Ǳͷؾ޸ݻٵİɡ
ֻ壬ս۹߳Ȼûǵ۾εһżԸսۡ
ƻؼĵطҪս
巡졢̷ŵˣǻǱȽεģϾǶǴ˴¼ܺߣžսۣ֪ط׷ʲô顣
սڸλۣ룬ҪԼĵλ֮⣬޷ǾҪһǿʵ
˵һ㣬Ǿ壬˻ȥս۴Ϣ˵湬вܣսһȤġ
ǣҪ˭ȥսۣ
ҡҡͷոǽˣЩˣܹս۵ȴܾս۵ŻᱻǲȦ塭սۣ֮κˣ
ңµ壬ȷܹսȫɱ
̷ʵսǹ϶һ˹ǻˣԱЩ˶࣬Ҹǿеĵ񻹶ڣȻûʲô⣬ڡ
İɣֻ·һ
ȴЦһЦڹڲ»أֻҪǱɣΨһҪǵģҪΰˡ
ΪһҪսΰȥɱҲǺܼ򵥵һ⡣
Ϊڳ˶̤˵۾ǿߣ֮ݹΰȴ֣Ƭص׿ռκζǶһ˿һ޷ݣ
ְۣλҪ֪ɱսֻۣ޷ݵĵطУȻĻǿɱսۣԼҲʲô³
ȥɡ
ܿ죬ǿ֮ˣǵ۾վ˵ǰϰ꣬ҶΪ˾Ϲᣬ޳Ѩȴû뵽̨ս˱ӡһֱ˶Ϊҹֱҳϣȴֻ֪ûҪҽթʱˣ
ɱһȻս۲ʣҲ壬ɱңұ
⻰˵ڳ˵˸Ե˵ͷҶ֪һֱǹԸ񣬴û˵ƭ˵Ļ
ɾĺӻȥƭսۣսЧ϶õġ
ڳˣڼƻ飬ҲʲôףϾս۶Ҫɱˣǻɣ
սΥ۵׼򣬵ʱ򼴱¶Ҳ·һ
ţʥۻħۣ׵ۡ׵ۣԴʲô
ϾҪɱʮӢΪʵ˷ָ
Ȼȥʥۡħ۸״Ҳûа취ģ˲ѡĻ׼Լ顣
׼İ»ص˴ڴȻ߶󣬳ʥʥ˻ȥ
Ǵˣһ·ص˵ص׿ռΰУȥ׼ӭӡս۵ĵ


968 ս۵
صĵص׿ռС
巡̷ŵȫڵص׿ռĳطϢȴż顣
̤˺ΰ׼
㵱˵߶һżʱȺͿˣ죬ȥʱҲʾ˾֮һ˻ˣʱ򷽱¡
ھȥս۵˵ǣͺɾ뵽ˣս۱Ϲżͷǳԣ˵һϹżȻǵ۾εޣȻǳȤ
޺͵սͬھս˵һõĻᣬھΪνᱨսۡһ˿û취̽ϹżҪ֧Ԯ
ֺûᣬսۿ϶ĵۣǻԼ˴ص׿ռУʱԸս۵ĻҲˡ
Ȼս۴˼Ȼƶˣ϶û˿׼ʹǰӵһżǵ۾ʵսô׼Ҳǻ뿪ΰ
ưܵĺΰеȴȴĹУܵĽ˺üξײ϶һЩؾǿߡ
޿϶ʹ˰ݣȻѾ޷ܵεʥϢȴȷʥھĽУȻ᲻ǲǿ߹
ĽΪؽ磬ȻЩ޺һʼȹˣı¥ɽϵؾǿߣ˾Ľ磬һҪסһǵֵЩֶͨĽޡ
ؾεսƾӡǶԼܵɼʱ˿̵ľĽ粻Σ
ԴˣȻǳν̬ȣȻվھǱߵģ¥ɽϻޣ˵ڵз
˵¥ɽû̫ͻһһ˫׽ãȵȫ˾ӡǣռ˾Ľ֮¥ɽϱضǳصĳͻ
˫Ƕ֡
󲿡ĽݳϣֻҪҵᣬҶΪ㱨𡣡
š
Ľ棬ԴӾ֮ҲûгֹȻǱ󲿵ƾҵȻɱˡ
ûʵһ߱㹻ʵضȥ󲿴һ󲿣Ȼ¥ɽеһĲ֮һ
һߵȴһڲϸŵеľӡϢҪȫվӡǣʱ֮⣬ֻٴҵ֮ǰнˡ
󣬾Ϣ㴫˹
ھϢ£ս˳׼ϰǰ֧Ԯͷӡ
νͷӣǾ졢巡̷ʮˣʱ˿̣ʥǵϢ϶ͷӼȫˣ˾һܹŻ
սۣ֧ԮţڳƬԭռݵ޾Į֮Уһ·˵ص׿ռ䣡
ص׿ռʱսۺϰȫһȻص׿ռеĺΰֱǱ𾪵ˡ
ʱ˿ΰȫò;챨˵һȴĵס˫ս֮ͬھֻһƬ档
֮УǷʲô
սۺϰȫǳ˷ܣ
ս۵£һ˴ž죬źΰн˭Ҳû뵽һоȻ趨
սǿ϶벻ģ˭һϹżһҪ̽ͷο컹һء
˵˵ǼٻҪǣǾ첻Լ˰ɣ
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һнչǳ˳ܿս۱Уʱ˿̣к˷ɢͷǵ۾εʬ壬ԼܶĲкһУս۵ٴξ̾ѡ
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ΰУ޺սͬھپʬ壡
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ʱ˿̵ĺͱóһ壬ȴս۵ĵ
ԣ룬ǿսҩ򣬴ʱ˿ɢޱȵϢս۵ǰ
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ˣҲѾսĲ˰಻סˣһۼǰУȻ˳ԽϹżս
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˱ǾĺѣšҰܶ޳ѨսʱΪ
Ǵˣֶ̽һǰ˵̽һû̫ǿ޵ģǴˡҲҰĵŻ߽ս۵Ȧף
Ѿ֪Ұ϶Ѿս۵߹ȥ֮Ҳû̷ŭΪҪЩһһ򾡡
ҰСĵûʲôȥ̽̽·ɡ
ȴҡҡͷҪСΪϡ
̽ϹżʱҪıǽ˭޷һ㣬ʱôһ˵ս뵽⾹ȻǾµ塣
ɣ˭ȥǰ̽һûΣգ˭һȥģѡս
ս˵仰ʱЩ˴
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969 ֮
ս⻰˵ʱЩȫ
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ٴΣգҲܻˣԻгһ
̾۾۷εޣһǰУһҪ˦
ܿ죬Ⱥ̤ãȻֲûκΣϮɫһϲ
ģռˣƽ￴벻Ȼô죡
ֵģȻһ˺ܲˬ
һϲ֮ɫΪոһãս˵Ļܹѡ̫żս
ûʲôΣգǷͷս۵Ҳûԥ
ߣҽȥ
ս۵£һȺϰ˷׷̤˸ֱĵã˵ֱãͿԼһֵǵĶ
ȫϲ񣬰ڡ
ۿս۵ȫ֮Уܲģ
սۣҵҪҪӳ죡
ţȴս۲δ£Ȼ˳ط
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ޣǶлˣЩս۾㷢Ϲż¶޷սʤе񣬵õ౦
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һ̣սۺԱ˵ɫͻȻһ䣬ΪǷ֣ʱͨȻ֪䱻סˣ
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Ҫ˵սˣǵ۾εޡǵĹƲΰǽ壡
ΰ֮ԻᱻƻȫΪؾ޵ڣؾͲڣս۵˱Уûκӳȥ;
ΰռǱӡģ˭޷ã޷俪Щ·ľʯĻս۵˾Ǳˡ
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ʩչƿأУûбκ˷֡
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ֱӾս۵˵עǲ֪żʲôڴʱ˿̣ȴоһĹ졣
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ս۵˵ȻҲԴУʱ˿ΨһϾ˶࣬пսʤżġ
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սۣѾһľء
˾أսԭԸȫ¶˳һкȥԸѩżԼȴǳź󷽲ߣܿҵ˴Ӻͨͨ
Ȼ˺ĵ·סˣǰĵ·ȴڣ
ս۾Ҫһ˴УΪʯȻ˶Ըȥͺѩżս
ȸս۹ıǱ˾죬ս۵ĺѣҰ
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ˣΪԼ£·һȻˣΪβطҵᣬȻˣǾһߺˡ
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ܺãս۴ˣǰߣҸϺ󡣡
Ұ۾˵
սԣһһȻս۴ͷȥǰδ֪ΣգǴĺ⣡
Ȼж붼ʱˣһﾹȻҧǶӵ˼㣬˻Ҳǻýһܲ


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ʱ˿̵սۣѾء
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ܿ죬ս۷֣ͨһ·߽ȥܿһ·ͨȻѾȫ̮סȥ·
ս۵ɫһŸսԶҰҲ֮ɫ
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֪ˣǾ͸һƴҲҪһ¶ԸǸŮżģһ֮ܽأ
ڣǻͷҲˣ
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ЩˣȻûʲôøеģҪ֪Щս۵צսҪһѰҺôġ
ս۵ˣǾĵˣ
ѩżɱķּΪû˿飬Ϊѩżļʱֻаʱ˰ʱż൱Ǳˡ
ڰʱ֮ڣ뽫ȫ֮ȫնɱֻҪκһ˵Ǽ
һʼϰս۵»ƴԸѩżս۵룬ԼѩżֳױȵսʣЩսܿȥʼĴӴܡ
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˱ѩż׷ϣȻ±ͷģΪ˫ʵڲһʵȼģѩżû˵С
ЩĵˣЩƴֿø죡
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õǿᣬ㱻ԶԱҲû̫ܵصƣҲöñ˷ֶߡ
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ΣȻںѩż̤֮ͨУۿźѩżϵĺɱͨеЩޡ
ǵ۾۷壬һǵ۾Ƕǵ۾ȫǺѩżһ֮Уһֱնɱˡ
Ƶ̤ͨһ·ֻЩ˵ʬк˳ֱմˡ
ߵסͨͷʱ򣬷ֺѩżպýҰնɱʣսۣڲͣĺűסͨȻȴǸ޷ΰĽϡ
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˵һֳԤϣսֶһʱ䣬ȽѰ죡
Ͼѩżֻܳʱʱ䣬ʱѩżͻʧȥһΪһͨż
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˵ѾսżˣֻҪվѳĻᣬսκλȥĻᣡ
ԣۿս۱նɱУǱ޼£˵¥ɽϵؾǿߵʱȥأ
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Ƭ֮оռ䶼ΰڣѾûκĴڣսڸոһ£Ѿ״ϱˡ
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ʱûѩż´λܹٴμֻ´μֻܳһʱˣȻһʱǵ۾ǿߣҲǷǳµģκǿߣһʱ㹻ѩżܶˣսۡʥεĴڡ
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Ͼս۵ҲûٶֵǮģûҪΪЩðա
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ڸɵս֮ƺ;Ҳ˵ġ
ΰѾգս۵˹Ҳܲ̽սǲؾεĴڹ̽顣
Ҳ˻ɵϡ
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ƾ֮ģôܿɱôǿߣ
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ܿ죬˻صˣɾΪףߵ
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¼˲ĵۣڶ죬ʥۡħۡ׵ۡ׵һã׼ǰǵص׿ռ̽
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Ϊܺߣ졢巵˲δܵκγͷ˭벻սʧپȻǺйء
ʱ˿̵Ѿ޹ŵͨӡǣ׼ͻصѩ۹ȥδڶѣ


971 ۶
ΣԭѩʳĻʶϿգһֵģޱȾ޴Ĺ޹ŵŵ
֮ǰжʱϦһֱŵеȺȵս۹һص˱ѩʳ
ϦδŵƮһ磬̽˵ӻʣ죬ʱüߵ𣿡
սʱӦ㹻ˣ꣬Ǿȥˡ
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ոջѩʳߣܹܵѩʳΧڣƺһּѹֵϢ
˵ѩʳոΪѩ۹ӦͬŶԣʵϣΧ۹ӣѩ۹ķչǺ˳ܵӡ
һУΪս۵Եʣ
ڣսѾɵˣȥҪ򵥵öˣҪԳʲô
Ϊڵıѩ۹У̷ԭ۵״ӣչǱޣҪ֪սѾַӾֽܳΧ۹ˡ
߰ɣȻȥǡ
кϦһȻϦ賯űѩʶнȥȻѾΪѩ۶ˡ

޹ŵŵʹʹǿϹżսǾ͵սܷǳǿ
ʹ󣬱㽫ŵϦ裬ƹܡ
ڣ޹ŵҲûʲôˣ㽫Դʯ޹ŵһ𽻸ˡ
ܿ죬Ϧ˱ѩ۶Ͽգ˶Σһ۾ڱѩ۶еһֵϣۼһˣ۷׷ָָӡ
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ʱ˿̣ˮֶ˾㣬ƺڱѩ۶йţӦҪһЩԴֻϧòзϵˮȴһ޵۹ĵ۾ǿ߿ˣҪǿдߣ
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ոĸоֻһߣҪǿ߳ն˵۾ӵֱۣѾˡ
ڣӵֱۻץĲӣֱȴѾʧȥŶǵ۾һҵĲҽС
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ţׯ԰Ǳߣ̷ȳԭ״ڱչǱޣս£϶һʱ
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ʱ˿̣۾۷޵۹ǿڹͬʩչһҪץסġ
ͻȻһϣȻ
Ҳ˲ӱתΪ˲䱬ѩ۶һƬѩ֮У

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Ļʵ۾۷ǿߣϦֶƣֱӾȫѹʣˡ
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ңׯ԰̷ػ˵ǹģ˵ڸϹֵõʲôô
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ܿϦʹׯ԰ŷߵȻѾ㶨ˣĺϦ趼˿
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ۣǿһǿʾǰʮʮһˣһǰ˽̽ͬʱҲǸһѡĻᣡ
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˵ĳԱȥ׼֪̫ͨ꿹ˡ
Ϧյţʥ۾Ȼ̫꿶׻ʵ̲ס΢΢üͷ
׻ʵʧ٣ҲһֱģϾ׻ʹϵ䡣
ֱڣûټ׻ʣʥô˵Ҳ˵۲εĴڣʱڶûм׻ʡ
׻ʾȥĶˣ
û֪
ţʥۼӵʮֱеļƲˮ½ڵˮŸ衢ʥ״ӳء׵״˾͡ҩеսס
϶׻ʵ̫꿣һʮˣһǿһϦ裬ܹʮһˣһȥǻϣ׼̽ˡ


976 
һУĲ߾ֻѡʮһˡ
׻ʲ֮ܵ⣬Ҷ΢ҲһûеԴ۲ûж˵ʲôΪѾǰǣҶ΢Ѿ⡣
Դ۵Ȼûж˵ʲôȴ֪Ҷ΢Ĳ¥ɽϵˣ¥ɽϵͷϡ
Ҫǰˣһ˾ܹˣʱȻԼǰҪһܹһʮˣʥеʥڲ͹ȥ
͵˸Ĵͷ󣬱һռУƽطῪţҲֻÿһεǿǿʾ֮󣬲Żһ˴͵ˡ
⻪һۺʮһԽ޾գڳ˾ĽңԶ䣡
û۵ʱڵľӡǾǿҵĸдΪ˳ĸǺܽĵط
ϣͷǳĸܵ˵Ĵڣܹ΢ܵеһ˿
ֺǿԤУԼУܹõԼǳõĶ
ʲôأڴ
ţԵˣͲˡ
˫ۣĿ֮һƬ޾գһƬ֮УһޱӴڰ֮Уתš
״ǲİΪ֮ǰͼ֪ٵͼƬġڵ˵˵ľ޴ԵüΪˡ
ոε֮һƵۣ״μĳ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ǵһμ˵ʱҲǺһ𾪡
ʥ۽ЦЦ⣬ֻܵߴ֮ͨһλλܵĳ̶ȣС±Ҫ׳ۣϾ˵Ѿˡ
ڲԶһռҰһǷǳ𾪵ģܿͷ֣ڲԶԱߣѾһȺޡ
ЩؾĴ˰ɣ
ʥ۴˳Щ˷ȥ
ܿ죬˫뿿ѾԿԷ̬ˣȺм˷ɳȺӭʥ۵ˡ
ˣ˶ˣȻˣλһ¡
һúܺƵĹͷɨһʥ۵ˣȻЦЦ˵壬¥ɽϣһ
λǺ˽⣬С֮⣬磬Уһ壬¥ɽϣھʮŸ֮һʵǿ¥ɽϣֲŽ½ϵʥͨ˵Ĵͷȵȣ
ͷ˵ĺܺƣ̬ҲĻУҲһҪʵ
ڵС磬ȷ¥ɽͳţֻۣ¥ɽѡԱ
¥ɽϣʥǡ
¥ɽϣˡ
¥ɽϣʥ
ȵһϵеֶΣʾ¥ɽʵĲ
һ˵ʵ¥ɽϵʮҲǰ֮У¥ɽеҪ֮һ
ͷ۾˭ѡˣѡһһλõλһ·ֱؾ
仰һڶ˽ˣ˭֪ҪһѡһҪһǲС
ѡţ¥ɽ϶һģ˲ѡʸ
ڹͷ֮󣬻һɫӷһа죬͸һɭɭϢ˿Щ̫
͹ͷһɫͬһǵ۾εĴڣ
󲿵־󲿣ͬ¥ɽǰĲ壬ʵһǿ֡ӭѡ󲿣طѪǳǿ
ɫһ˵ţһ¶һı飬һɫâٿȻͷ­ǵɫâն
һĻȫһ
־ļһʲô
ܿ죬־ȫɫԣͷ­㱻˻ȥɴаЦݣȻⲻǻþǲѪطá˲ѪطͿӵи
˿Ŀɿڴ
Ҳû뵽־Ϊ˵עȻһݡûǱݣҪȻ⻹ʲô
֪Ѫ޸ҲҪĺܶģӲͷ­ĵĸˣֻΪ˵עôһ־ǲе⡣
ȻҲԿó¥ɽϵ˶˻ǱȽӵģñѡż뵽ǵĲӪ֮С
һƯŮӣƮ쳤ȹ˿ŮΪƯ͸죬κ˵
ụ̄¥ɽϣؽ
ƯŮЩɬĶ˵ؽ¥ɽϵĵһ壬λԿѡǲؽ
˵⻰Ůֱӻһ⣬ٿȻȥŮȻֻһɵĻ̱ˣԶûƶ벽
ֶֻεǲˣܶĹŲӰܹĻӵ˷ḻı顢˵˶˵ģȴǵһμˡ
ؽ¥ɽϵһ壡
һ󲿣¥ɽڶĲ壬໥ʵƺಮ٣Էֳʤ
ǰ̽˵ģܹٶˣУֻһٶ壬壬塣
壬ɲֻ¥ɽһ壬žʮŸ壡
˵Ľ¥ɽϵͳ£壬Ҳʸǰһ̽˵ģоͰ˺üϵʿ
ͨӡǸܵǼϵʿȫǱԴľģע⵽⼸ʿ⼸ʿȴδע⵽
ϾһȻܹڣϾ֪Խ࣬Խй¶ܵĿܣһ¥ɽ֪ڴھӡǣ;ܻ졭
ˣͺ޹ˣѡϵĻ϶Ǳ¥ɽϵ˴ߵģ˶ֻΪ̽ˣһԼˡ
ڣ޾֮̽󣬼ÿ˵綼̶ܶȡ
ԴҲ൱ڴģһ̶ȵ磬п̤۾ˣ
̤۾ɲô׵ģҪҪ֮֮ȻˣΪӡ˰ٷ֮֮Ѿ˽˹֮ĺܶණ
˵һжȻȻˮɵģӡǸĺôɲֻܹƿؾĽѡ
⣬Ǿ۱Լ׼ģȴôҲ벻վȻ


977 Ľᾧ
ܹİٰʮˣ֮ۼ
ۼ֮¥ɽϲؽŮ˽һй˵ˣʵһƬŨĽ֮ɵҪֳ㣬ֱǱ㡢ڲ㣬Խǽӽģ۵Ľ֮ԽŨ
̽ˣʵϱѰеĿĽ֮Ӷ׳ûдﵽؾ˵еĽ֮˵Ǵ֮ǽ֮ҪҪѰеĽᾧ
˵Ľ֮޷յģΨĽᾧܹյģԽĽᾧ̺ĴĽ֮Խࡣڽ˱㣬ĽᾧһֻСͺ͵ĳ֣˽ڲ㣬ǻͺʹ͵Ľᾧڽ㣬ܱǸ¥ɽһֱûܹ̤Уؾǿ߶У
Ľᾧÿһʱͻᣬ¥ɽϣÿʱͻ֯һ̽λǽһЩûλᣬôͺúüͰɣõԽĽᾧջԽ󣡡
ŲؽŮ˵ЩѾ˸Ƚ̵˽⡣
ǽѰĽᾧˣˣ̬Ľ֮ɵģǹڡ
УûǽڣҲûе棬Ҳû컨塭ȵһжûУֻһƬޱ޼ʵĽ֮ɵŨ
ЩĽ֮ɲ˭Դģǵ۾εĴڣ뵽УֻܼһСʱ䣬ǰ㡣
һ˵۾µߣڽ˱ңﵽ۾εߣܹڽڲҡ
˴ǰ̽İٶУгİ˶ǵ۾ĲΣԴҪǰڲġ
ڴˣֻڽ˱̽ˡ
ǽ˱㣬Ҳпܳ͵ĽᾧǵЧǳԵģκ˵һᡣ
ֻ֮ôʸǰΪÿʱĽᾧޣȻҪԼˡ
ˣȥͿʼжɣ˵ģھܽȥˣϢһµҲԣעƬռ̫ԶᷢʲôԤϵΣաϾĽ磬¥ɽҲо̽ء
ŮһЦ˵Ȼȳ˷ȥ
֮ûؾǿӣΪؾǿ߶Ľ֮ûˣȴҪѰͻƵؾġ
ǵ۾ȻȾͻǰڲˣ
жˣҲ󣬳֮⣬˭Ը˷ʱ䣿һȫӸͬ˷˹ȥ
Ϧٴһж˷ȥԽǿˣڵľӡǸԽ̣ڲ϶ž׼õı
Դв˲ڴֻϣҪֳ̫󶯾źá
ˣġڵƲˮŸˣȫɢȥĺͳؽһ飬̫꿺ˮŸһ飬Ʋͺڵһ顭鴳С
֮Ҫ飬ȻΪ˷ֹʲôΣգҪ̫ĻҲãΪҵĽᾧޣ̫Ͳ÷ˡ
Ϧһ𣬺ܿɽУ
˱㣡
һԱȽϡĽ֮۵أҲֻϡˣϦոշ͸ܵΧŨĽ֮һѹ
ҵûиܵѹȡ
Ϧĸܣüͷ΢˵ΪھӡǵԵʣô˵ǿã˵Խ뵽㣬ڽ˵ĺģ
Դˣʱûо̫࣬ǴϦ裬ʼƮɢڸĽᾧ
ϲǣӡǣȻܹܵеĽᾧλã
̽˵൱һˣ
ˣúҷеѰңֻҪ̽һ£ȻֱӳĽᾧڴȥͿˣЧʱ˿ϲֹһ㡣
Ҳһᱻ˷֣Ϊһˣ˵̽ͨѹס޷ܵʮ֮۸˵ˣһЩǿ˫۵ͨ޷ǿʲôΪ֮ȫֻһƬڰ
ܿ죬Ϧһҵһö͵Ľᾧ൱ȭͷǰС̺൱ŨĽ֮
ļ£ϦöĽᾧеĽ֮ϦŨĽ֮ȫһ
һʱ͵ĽᾧϦգͻƵ˻ʾڣ
磬õĽᾧ͹ˡ
Ϧ迪ĵ˵
ġ
ȴҡҡͷЦ˵Ҳ˵ˣеĽᾧ޷˵ģҷȫɢҲ˵ֻвܹĽᾧ
ǣСȴֻͣʱ䣬ʱǳһҪúúã
ĻϦֻõ˵ͷ
֪ӵоӡǣǲܵѹȣԿƵͷͣȥһǵȷżˡ
ˣȫֻʱ̽ˡ
ȴûƣ
οҲҪ˲뿪ԣ׼˶뿪֮̽ˣ죬ȰϦһºˡ
ƾĽᾧеĸ֪ܿϦҵöƮ˱еСĽᾧϦˣСĽᾧ̺ĴĽ֮Ľᾧ̺ʮ֮һ࣬öȥϦ΢һ֮⣬ûκηĽչ
ܿ죬͸ܵһöĽᾧλã
ǿȥŰ֮⣬һöĽᾧ
кϦһǰ
ƾӡǣĽᾧҲƵģԽĽᾧȻԽܹܵΣͬ£ԽǴ͵ĽᾧԽܱܵ
򵥵˵ԸܵԲʮ֮ڵСĽᾧԼԲ֮ڵĽᾧ
֮ĽᾧȻ־ڱصõģ
ϦɹȥʱȴöĽᾧڴȻպһ߸ϵ
ֶԷͬʱԷҲ
Ҫȡ̽˻ΨӣǰҲ⣬һɫȽӣǵ۾۷Ϊ

ֻһ棬ӱһȣȻԥķ˲ԶĽᾧ
Ȼ˸ûнϦ׼ֱӽĽᾧߣ


978 
ۿų֣ҪĽᾧüͷ΢塣
Ϧ䣺磬ɣϾѰĽᾧȽףҴ˵۾۷Ϊţ㲻ʲôֶΣǿĻǲǺаա
Ҳ˵ͷϦ˵ĵȷû
˵ԼʵģԷţĵ۾۷壬ǿǣţȥԸˡ
һԸԷûʲôôһöĽᾧˣɾҵһöڶڵʵ治һܸ㶨Է
ԣϦȥطѰˡ
תʱɫڽöĽᾧУûо͵գһĨ֮ɫϦڴ׷˹
ʲô
ǣҲ㣬㡭
ɱһղֻԲû֣ڣԷȴƺҪϦ趯֣
׻˵ΪǿɲöԷɹҪʲôģһ˲䣬Ѿܵ˶ԷԼɱ⡣
Ȼˣûʲô˵ˣսˣ
Ȼǵһˣȴͷһϡ
ţϦ͵ԶȻһסţ
ɫ˷Ϯ˫ֻ裬˲кüиϮȻ۶ɵķڣÿһڵƻΪֲ
Ȼֶζ˵ȴǸûõġ
䰵ǡ죡
۳ʮö䰵ǣֱӽЩڷڵɢȻ߶˷Űİ졣
˵ͬɫĹ˲˱ڶ𣬽У䳹ѹ
˸ܵԼڵѹסʱɫһ䡣
һƷ
˲ţһ۾Ϳʩչֶμ𣬿֪һкпܲܽԷѹ̫ʱ䡣
ҲûԷ̫ʱ䣬ٻƣ
͹תȻΧĽ֮һУȻǱѹŵ˺ȻϮȥ
䣡
˲佫˳ײɣǼһ⧲ֱѹסһ¶ײ˺üƬ
ô򵥣
üͷ΢壬ǶԸĵ۾۷嶼ûô򵥰ɣСӡ
ôʱ˱ײ˺üεȻһƬɫâһ
ȻǲѪ
󲿵ţ
ûκԥֱһ̧֣Ԩʩչŵѷ˷ֱӺɫԵ֮ϣ
Ѫĸǳ£ֻҪ̶һʱ䣬ָܹȫʢ״̬ȴʱ䶼ûиԷ
ֻ˲䣬󡢾ԨȻÿһѷ춼˵״ݻͬ˸ŵɫԣҲ˲ϨƬڿռһλָȫڣ
ţ˱ڵسһ澵ӣǰȡߣ⾹һ̫żƷսвһ¡
̫żƷսҲһϵʲôΣǼΪֲĶ
ܹ䲻⣬˻ɱǴ⣬Ҳ̫Уʲôֶζûʩչͱסɱ
ҪȴٴαԸǿֶγ𡭡
ʶĻΨһĸܾǺˣúްȻôһʾεСУ
ôҲ벻Ȼܹô췢𷴻ΪƾʵԸСеνţ϶һɱģ˵Է˺ü硣
˭֪ͷȴǱɷɱ
ʵϱôɱ˶ԷȴҲѾʩչԼǿֶΣǳ䲻֮£򣬶Է߶ö̫żƷľսʩչʲôʵͨǿ似֮ģ֣
߰ɡ
һ۷˹Ϧ裬ֱӴ뿪˳ִ˸յֵöĽᾧ
磬СڻȪ֮¿Ҫˡ
Ϧոտ˵ȫ˽֮Уû뵽һ˲֮䣬ͽɱˣ̫죬ţոԵһꡣ
Ҫ⣬߰ɣҵطö͵ĽᾧȻѰĽᾧ
Ц˵
ڲƽȻɱ󲿵ˣǿ϶֪ģΪ˺ͷʥΰһκοռ
ڣ˵γ̶ȱȺΰз飬ᱻ֪

ܿ죬Ϧ㽫öĽᾧոɾʵҲʵһ󲽣΢һĻҪ̤뵽ʾڣҪö͵Ľᾧ
ֻǰȥҵö͵Ľᾧȥʱ䣬㹻Ϧ̤ʾˡ
Դ˿ԼҪͻƵ۾ڵĻҪö͵ĽᾧߵڲȥѰ͵Ľᾧһö͵Ľᾧ൱ʮö͵Ľᾧɣ
ڲ֪Ϧ裬ڲǰڲȥģΪڽڲ㣬Ϧֻּܹʱʱ䣬Ͼǵ۾εǿߣԻֻڱ̽㹻ˡ
նɱ󲿵֮δʲôˣΪ˵ķΧʵ̫ˣİٶ˷ɽУһϴУ໥ܹĿԷǳ͡
Ȼֻڱ
Ǹ壬ҪǵĽڲ㣬㣬˵ĸʾҪϺܶࡣ
иҪԭǾ˼ȫǰ˽ڲ㣬ڱεıûˣ͸ûʲôϦˡ
ʣµʱܿȥ
ܹʱ䣬һϦҵʮö͵Ľᾧöʮö
֮⻹ʮöС͵ĽᾧЩһϦһ̤˻ʾڣΪ˺һĴڣ
ֻϦȥҪͻƵ۾ûôˣһĿҪͻƵ۾
տʼʱϦԳ롣
˸ȥ
һ·ϣпܻڲޣֱʩչƿأԼϢһסκ˷ԼĴڣ
Ȼǵ죬ҲǴܹͣʱˣе۾ε޴Ծ׼뿪ˣֻϧЩûһܹټģ
ǳԽǵ۾ĴڣҲΪУ֪ǳ񣬶޷ֿ
˱ɾˣڲ㣬İٶ۾ε̽ʱҲʣʲôˡȻܲ˱Ӱ죬ֱǰɣ
ܿ˾ȥ
ʱ˿̣ڲĽ紦һŮڻԲ״̬УĻ׷ִŮ¥ɽϲؽĴ˴жӣ̣
ͳŴŮԵڵѸٷɹ


979 ֮
һƬڵмٷУ;мʮĵ۾ǿߣЩǿһûܹ
İˣӦǴӲͬ뿪ˣϾһĽۣ֮κη򶼿Խûй̶ĳڡ
ڲ룬ʱ֮ӽ˱㵽˽ڲ㣬ֹʱ֮ΧĽ֮ŨҪϦ϶һʱֲסȴûܵκӰһ㡣
㣬ӦÿҪˣ˱Եнľ롭
̲סп˻ǹ൱һĴСˣǰʱȴͻȻǰĽ֮øŨĵطȻһ߻ԹȥŮ
̣
üͷ΢壬о̴ʱ˿Ѿ̤˽УҲ׿˵ؾǿ߶޷̤֮أ
Ҳ֪ŮԼܽȥģǻ֮ʶ״̬Ưȥģ
ȵıˣҲò˶೤ʱ䣬ֱǰ̵ֱסȻź󷽳˳ܿص˽ڲ㣬˽ķΧ
ͽڲ㣬ȻֻһߣĽ֮Ũ̶ȴʮֹ
ֲؾĴڶ޷̤ˣΪĽ֮ĸʴʵ̫ǿˣƺոƮУû̫ܵصơ
Ľ֮ʴܷڵĽ֮ճ
Ȼûѹ̣üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼ߶ӡǣ׼ڵĽ֮
ŮһֱԣҲ֪ô£ԴŮӡԣһҲûʲôҪǻɫ־óˡ
ȻһʴڵĽ֮㿪ʼϱճԭ԰׵ɫҲٴαú
ȿȡ
һʱ̺ȻһȻޱȾ˫ۣ
һۣоԣƺڰʲôϸһ£ŷȻڰʴڵĽ֮
ЩĽ̫֮ŨŵԹȥʱ̼ţ벻ԼȻһСӸһ
ĻԿ϶϶ɥˣ
ˣʲôˣ
ѹһ䡣
ͬʱȫ˼ޱȵľ裬һԷҪ֣ôԥͻ߶һһĺ׾ż
Ȼӵǵ۾ʵѾ죬ٹʱˣֻҪ׾żһʱ䣬̱ɡ
ΪŵƣŻðվϾԸԣô˵ǺܴĶ飬֮
󵽴֮󣬿϶ǻвٺôġ
ǣѹ֮δ̶֣ǹ۲һΧȻ˿лСֵˡ
ɫЩ̺죬ԼôƺЩȻͻƵؾȴ벻̫Ľ֮ûܳס˹ȥҪæѾûˣ˵ôʴڵĽ֮
ԴѾ˵ǣ黹Ǻܺý͵ġ
û̱Ѿ˰֣ˣŻʾڵΪȻȻʲôܣҲʲôˣ֮ܶ˴ξ֮ģպʲôҪؽңҵ
˵꣬ӻȡһö̽״ƣö̽״Ƶıš̡֣
š
ӹö̽״ƣûƴǣϾɲʩͼʥˣ
㻹üȥ𣿡
һ䡣
Ӧü
̸һȻ˵ͷ˵˷ջСȥ֮չһʱ䣬Ӧ̤ؾˣĻסٴζлˣ
ţǾʹ˱
˵ͷ漴ƿصʩչԼȫϢȫסȻޣ̤˽֮ȥ
ֻ΢һ㶣㷢ȻѾǰʧˣޱȾȣ档
вܰȴҲҵ£ǸϽȥΪȡ̤ؾ
ţת㳯֮ȥ
Ҳ֪ԼʲôȻôɾһţ֮ǰһ˫׵ĻǺͲŴϹϵˡ
һ˫ף̣һͲؽеλضͣ
ҡҡͷûж룬ʱ˿Ѿ̤˵Уһؾǿ߶޷̤ĵطһ֮أ
ʮ룬Ѿ˲ٴ͵Ľᾧھһ֮ĵط
öööȻô࣡
ڽУȻǴͺ͵ĽᾧʱϲһҪͻƵ۾ھûʲôѶˣ
ھӡǵĴڣټھ˴֮һֱؾǲʲô̫ѵƿģΨһѶȾҪߴͨ۵ͨһҪǳĵر
ңҪ̺֮ĵر
Ψ̺Ŵ֮ĵرһЩⵤҩܹ߶ֻͨἴⶼǼϡٺģ˵ˡ
оԼҪͨѶȼϣãȽӡȫ˵
Ȼ˽ҪԼͻƵ۾ΪȻٵ˵ȥ̽һ¾۾ʲôԴ

ڽ̽Ľᾧʱ¥ɽϲؽ뿪˵ķΧִѾȺˡ
һ֣ʱֳ۷׷ͣ˶ĿҪ֪Ǵ˴һеͷ죡
ǳˣһĻҿ»ΪҲء
󲿵ɫӣ־
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Ϧ裡ģڵ
ȫһЩŵĵ̵ĵ
ΪѾ˾Ƿʸǰʱˣ֮ǰ̻û־͹ͷ
̻ˣѡҲͿԿʼˡ
УĿɾϦˣڽ֮ǰϦŻʾڣڵϦȴѾ˻ʾڵΪֱؾ磡
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Ϧ֮ˣȫֻһؾ磬һضûϾҪѰĽᾧѶȲС
ʣһĹͷ󲿵־ͿϦ裬뽫Ϧߡ
Ϧ𣿡
̿һϦ裬΢΢һЦԸǲؽ𣿡
ϦǺһǸСȻǷһ飬ڵȻҪչһϦˣ


980 ͻƵ۾
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Ե̵ʱ򣬲΢΢üͷȻСҿĸѡʱ뿪
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Ϊʲô뿪
ͷЩ죬ΪƵʵҪ˸ĻɲΪֻҪ뿪ѡһ뿪Ȼܳʮ
ܱǸأѲֹʮ룬㹻ʵ뿪ʱһȥǵġ
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󲿵־ɫ΢Ʈ͸һĨа֮ɫСãĲ뿪Ҫ֪Сûʲôǰ;ģֻҪ뿪㽫õ֮Դֱؾǲܵ£
ǸˣĲߡ𣿡
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Ȼ㲻ߣǱˡ
΢΢һЦ˰֣вµСϲɣûߣҲߡȻˣСһѣ
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սԼû뵽ѡԭҲûκ֪־֪
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еĴĽᾧԼĽᾧڽ㣬ֵĽᾧٶ͵ģг͵ĽᾧԴһС̺ųĽᾧٱĽ֮
ҹУʱȥͻ˾ϵŵ˷Բһ
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ŵɫͻƵ˵۾ڣٴεһֶǾ֮ǰʹӾӡи֮ܵ
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֮ǰоʱ仹磬һǲ뱩¶Լ̫࣬δֱ伴Ϣ߸ʥǡ
˻ȥ֮ʱ׼һӦ԰ֱˡ
Ľߴ֮һİ£ÿһʱͻ῿磬ÿʱͻ֣Σ磡
ÿһΰֱ䣬ʧһȻҲģѽٵͬʱһЩǿ߶ȴҲ˵ǻ
ΪİġٻЩİ꣬ЩԼԶŵʱڣǻɱЩ꣬пܴϵõһЩ似սȵȡ
̫ż似ս̫٣ֻҪǸʵпܵõ̫ż似ս
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ȻҪԸİĴҲԶ׼ģЩİʵǿ϶ͬ߸ǿϾԶţսֶμΪ䣬ӵԤϵɱﵡ
ҡҡͷûж飬ǼոĽᾧԼڵ硣
һ
һһǧ
һǧ
ԽٶȾԽһöһöĴĽᾧٶҲδ̫졣
˵۾ڣҪ磬Ҫ˵Ľֱ֮˵ǺģҪȻҲôһֱڵ۾ˡ
֮ǰټҵļٳڵ۾ڿʮʱ䣬ǰΪͶսۣõս۵ĲԴͻƵ۾ڵġ
֪Ҫͻƾ£ȻõĻҲһ͡
οҲ֪ٶ̫ĻȣԼҲʲô¡
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ڽܹöĽᾧԼʮöĽᾧϰöĽᾧɨ˸飡
ʱ˿̣Ѿŵ˷Բһھǧ̤۾Ҳֻһ֮ң
һ޷ʱ̤ˣΪѾɨɾˣеĽᾧѾϡ
۵ĽᾧƵģһֱûеĽᾧҲﵽһޣ۹Ҳᳬޡ
ЩϧҪ˵ĻĽᾧӦöǧٱһһ̤۾۷塣
ȻͷԺֻһţûж룬ȷеĽᾧȫյ֮㳯˵ȥ
ܹܵžӡǵĶʹ˵룬ڵջʱˡ
ŨĽ֮𽥿ʱ򣬾ӡǵĸԽԽǿҡ
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дڴԽԽڣͨӡǸܵ˱Ķ


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ֻһһŲ鿴
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ÿһö޾ҩ̺һƴ֮ͨϳö޾ҩֱֲ࣬ͬĵҩ޾ƷЧߵͨΣ
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էһ֮£öСʯͷƺûʲôĵطȴҲܵ˴֮Ĵڡ
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ڲ̫öʯͷҪʹãѵֱˣ
΢һ£ʯͷеڱԼյ֮󣬱ܿ˵Уһö֮ͨϣǾ֮֡
Уִ֮ʱҲѾչһ޴İ׹ֱۣʮﳤب޾֮С
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סĵϲҪֹͣգȴ֣ʯͷһʼͣˣǿͣ£һöʯͷеɢ˷ѵ
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ǳ޷Ӱ쵽ڲյҩ֮ûʲôӳɣ룬öʯͷö޾ҩ뿪ٽա
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ܿʶԼĵһ֮ͨѾɱ˻ʵͨ׹ֱѾչϰĳȣ˵ʮĲ࣬էһ֮ҲѾǳ׳ˡ
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һЩ־Ƚߣֵ֮һξ嵱һʱ䣬εĶԾУһʱԾս
ʣĵһͨΪ˻ʵ֮ͨʵһǿʱ˿̣öʯͷеȻûϣֻĵһС룡
ϲ񣬰ʯͷ϶ǾΪԼ׼ĳرˣҲ֪ǴõģЧȻ졣
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ͨεİӰ֮飬ܹģκӶ뵽УǷѣЧǳֲΨһĵ̫࣬һʩչ
ⱾҳԽԽϢԽԽŨо´ʩչӰ֮ģܵʱĿֻ֮ǰʮ֮һˡ
֮ͨɱ䣬һε
ʵͨӰ֮飡
˸ž֮ɫŰӰ֮ͨɱɻʵսٴһء
˵ֵ֮ľЧ˵ǽĻôӰ֮Ϳ˵ѩ̿ˡ
ӴˣսпԶʩչӰ֮飬ԶκʽĹߣ̫е
Ӱ֮飬Ϊĵͨһָ߼ͨʱɾͻʵ֮ͨЧüΪˡ
֮ͨʵ֮ͨöʯͷеſ챻Ĺˣȴδĵ
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֣ĵ֮ͨǰٻľֲûʲô̫ʵĵطһʩչҲࡣ
ͨɱ䣬һ㶼ڳΪͨʱҲΪڴһɱͨʱٻľֻʲôı仯
ԭľ֣ǵͨؾ磬ʣµöʯͷѾ޷ɱֻͨǽΪ˵ھͨʯͷϡ
ʯͷĹУԽԽϲΪû뵽ʯͷþȻǿֱӽͨ˻ʵͨ
֮ǰû뵽õһö֮࣬ĵһööЩʯͷ֮󣬱ʵı仯
һһҹʱ䣬˵һöʯͷеȻ֮֡Ӱ֮Ϊ˻ʵͨҲ˵ھ졣
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һöʯͷеոɾ֮󲻾ãɫһڣȻܵոյõö֮ͨƺĳаʴ
ʯͷĺ֢ˣ
ɫ࣬û뵽۸ԼµĶоȻк֢֢ƺǳء
֣֮޷ã
Ӱ֮飬޷ã
֣޷ã
һ£ոͨȻһ̱޷ã˵ǸĴ
ʱԵ޷ãԵ޷ã
˼˵۸ԼµĶӦк֢УҪôǾа취֢Ҫô֢ᵼ̫صĺ
ǵڶֿܣֻ֢ʱģᵼ̫صĺôҲͷˣȺ֢ʧ˾һˡ
ǵһֿܣڿɾǵùˣа취֢ȴ֪
ڣöʯͷĿǾۣ
ˣϣǺ֢ӵطȥ
ʱֻˣΪʲô취޷ȥӰ쵽ö֮ͨϵа
ȻȽĿתƵʣµöȥлЩڴл᲻ʲôԿ֢ķ


982 ֱ׼
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طֻľǾƿءѪĻδطս𵽵üֱá족ݡ
ƿأܹ֪Χĸ׼ȷж϶ֶָֹεܹ޶ȵñ߳ܶǿ߶޷ټ
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üͷ΢΢һ塣
΢鿴һ⾻ֻ֪֮ܿҪ˾֮ط֮ߵǿȺ־õһЩǿҪǣ֮Ϊ߳ȥһۻа
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ֲþۻѼʯͷԼͨΪ϶֮壬ʯͷĸöЧޣпȫЧġ
ٵǣõ˾֮ĵãȴδõ֮
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ʼ֮룬ͬʱٴǰ̽׼ҪҪȥĦһܷ֮
ھĽ޾Уʲô˵ģ㹻ʱȥоȻڰ֮İֱ併֮ǰص硣

Ϧĵ˺ܿͻص硣
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һΰֱ䵽ʱѾǰʱȫ滻ˣҲ˵۴δֱ䣡
ȴǼźܶڰֱĶһֱ٣лһ־İ£ھİӰ£궼Ḵգκδϵ鶼ᷢ𹥻
ֱ伫Ϊ£ΪֲһΣ˵罫֮һ鶼Ǵֱ֮С
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У׵ۺ׵Ҫǰ׼ǿ֪Ľв岻ĹϵпǰԤֱ֪Ľ١
ԴˣʥۺħȴǺͬ⣬ǲδʹ;۲дʶһĻԶðֱ϶޷Ԥ⵽ģҪȻĻ֮ǰǧôᶼһֱûԤ⵽
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һ㰵ֱˣҲг׼ȥӦԣʧ϶ٺܶࡣ
ԴˣĺϦ趼Щʧġ
Ҫֱ֪һ٣ǾͲֻ˵飬Ӱ쵽Ĵ£ǧ˻ڰֱɥ
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ĵָ£ѩ۹ڣὨʮսݣרӦԴ˴εİֱ䡣
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ʮսݣѩ۹Ȧʼϳڲ£γһƬ޴ı磬ÿһսждͷ
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983 ֮
ѩ۹ΧڽսݣĺϦġ
ʱ˿̣ȴѾ˾ǲտռ֮ڣٴμ⣬Ʈ޾еǿ
ǲεǿߣΪҪΪȡõһɼԲǷ
۵ԴӾеõܶ˴緶Χڵһ󳬼ǿߣܡ
˵ģĶҲûпܵ顣
ڴ˵е񷣣ô˵»пܴϣ˭ûԼ顭
ҡҡͷûôࡣ
תƵܹʮʱ䣬ڼվӡǣڽյ˰ٷ֮ĳ̶ȣԾĽĸ֪ǿһЩ
ͬʱöصľ֮ĵ÷ȥ˺ü飬ֱЩĵȫ˲ա
ǰʱ̾ͿʼԣƾЩĵȥӾ֮ط
һߴϰľʯ͸һɭصϢ·޾ܡ
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Ĳ˵ڿ֮ԾӡǵٶȶҪ˲٣ԽǿվӡǵٶԽ졣
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žϴɭϢʼոһյĳ֮طͬʱǿԾӡǵա

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ھǰʱڣʼֻԼӾиܵһЩʲô޷κζ
ĲһִܸУȴδѡö޾ҩҩгԣ綼Ȼ粻ſȥ
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̤۾ڣ֮ǿһֹطҲûʲôݵģûнʲô顣
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ڵ۾ھҪǶһǵ۾εĴڣҲȫˣ޷ܶԷҲԱġ
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䵶ѰͨɱΪʵ֮ͨ仯
䵶һΪʵƻͬУǵͬϵϳ̶ȵУ
֪Ϊʵ䵶ƻΪֲնɱ۾۷ֻҪӾ͹ˡ
һѵΪĵרƻݻٶԷ־ĵһһĻþǶףֹһĵĻþ֮УҪѳϼˣ
;ֶսʱ򣬾뵽һһþ֮У㱻ָɵ־㹻ᶨջնԼһֱۣӲӻþ
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Ȼϱ֮󣬾ֵ֪ʵǿûҪٶˣֱӷһö̫ż˵ҩԼϱ˹
Դ˵Щϧ̫ż˵ҩ̫˷ˣҪܹѧ᲻ѪطһָͻǿǧٱҲûҪʲô˶˵ҩˡ
ʵ̤۾ڣͬʱͨɱΪʵͨټ֮ǰʱӡǸյ˰ٷ֮ţٴںܿµ
֮ǰµϣڸͶ뵽ԾУԺоͲһһЩ֣ƾճԺľ֮ĵý֯һ
Щ֣ԽԽԽԽ뾻֮ĵý֯ƣţǾ֮
۵ȷǴӾеõľ֮
鿪ʼãȴδΣΪԶԶڲεĴڣһͺпٲľء
ʱţЩӾгֵ֣ԺбԽԽԽԽȷЩһǾ֮ط
ҪȫЩ֣ȴҲһһϦ顣
ֹȥʱ䣬ԺеЩڱԽԽ𽥿Էֱ״ҿԲ²˼ˡ
ʱ򣬾밵ֱĽ٣ʣһµʱ䣡
ط֮壡ȡһаǶ߱ȻĵֿЧΪ
֮壬һ
۾񣬽Ժеȫұ֤Щһλ֣ԼȻ֣Ǿһץסᣡ
Ϊ粻Եʣ֮Ժֵֻ˵ص
Ȼ֮嵽ЧѾǳˣʶЩϧҪֱܹӵõͺˡ


984 ޴
ڵõ˾֮ǰصֱ֮ӾͿʼ˾֮Ϊڱаסͨ޷ã㶨С
Ҳ֪Ҫ֮أܵʯͷĺ֢ã
ΣֱӰõϿʼ֮壬طҪıҪ㹻
ڴˣ׼˵ģǾǻʣµö޾ҩԼ֮ǰʥںΰеõһЩϹż̫żҩ
֮һʼûзö޾ҩΪľҪڵõ֮ʽ֮ٶطֻϧ֮ǰ˵㣬û취
ʶˡ
ȷЩϹż̫żҩЩҩƷƷƷûʲôЧ̺ĴȫͶ뵽˾֮֮У
;ƿزһƿصʱյ۵฽Ҫǿ࣬ӶӸǿĸ֪
֮壬ǽյ͵ȫȻЩһȡΧռеĴʥ
վ֮յܿ죬͸оʼůģһּΪʵĸо
ܹʮöϹż̫żҩȫգȻɹ˾֮ĵһؾ磬Ѿ֮߱ᱻͬȾĶѹơѹԻ󡭡
鿴һ£ʯͷаȻӡöֻ֮ͨҧҧýȥö޾ҩ
һö޾ҩȥû̫̫ãö޾ҩеȴҲ٣⻹̺һЩ֮֮ͨˡ
֮ΪĵͨȻڸ߼֮ͨǰѾ࣬˵֮ˡ
һö޾ҩ£ֱ֮ӴӵΣһԾΪֱͨӲʱ䣡
Ϊͨľ֮ԿռĴ͸Чǿʮھ֮ڣжͨεľ֮һֱá
ֻҪھ֮ķΧڣͻһ֮ϱİȫ򵥵˵ǸһַЧڷЧξͲ֪ˡ
һö޾ҩЧˣ֮ͨȻ΢ǿһԾ֮
ʱ浣Ľȥö޾ҩҲֻЧĻ»û취֮ڶءܿͷԼõˡ
Ϊڶö޾ҩڱˣ
ÿһö޾ĵҩ߷õʱпܱ౶
޾ҩΪ֮
֮ǰù޾ҩˣҲһЩСģһࡢǱȽϳģֻһˣڸ౶ıδ
õĵڶö޾ҩȴڵõһγģıвⴴ֮Ȼӵԭ
Ҳ˵һö޾ҩȥ൱ڷöûб޾ҩЧ֪
ȫʥٴ˸ֻۣ֮һܹ̤ڶˣ
ͬʱö޾ҩ֮ȫ۵˾Ϣϣöͨ˻ʵͨ
ʵͨϢ֮ǰʮϢʹһƻǿͨûκλڵģֻʼμ
ţԴ˻Ϊġ
ȥҪĻһö޾ҩЧˣö޾ҩ֮ڶء
һö޾ҩûʧ
ȻֻĵҩҩЧȴɹĽ֮Ƶ˵ڶصľ磬ϲķ֣Щӡö֮ͨаڿʼɢ
֮壬ܹһаۻɢطΪ棬ȴҲЩɻ
ۣҪҲ˾֮Ļ䱾һаʥĽ壿
תһ룬ˣֻ֮Ӱ죬ѹʴȵȣȴ߱ʥˡ
δ룬ܹ֮֮ͨķӡǾ㹻ˡ
һϻʣµöʯͷܹٴʹˣڴ֮ǰȡ˾µĶԾ֮ĵ
˰µʱ䣬ٴζ˳ǧöеݣľ֮ڳɾ˵أ
ԭ⾻֮ĵãܹٽ֮ûҲܹͨĵĵãΪ˽ܹ֮Ѹ֮ˡ
в²ţоȫһƬͨ͸֮صʱȫ˲ųһʣ˶ˬ
Ȼƺûʲô̫ãȴ֪Ѿ˵صľ֮壬һЩѰѹʴֶѾЧˡ
ԼþԸԼᷢЧҲᱻһ룡
ǰѾȥµʱ䣬İ¿磬ֱĽ٣ֻʣСµʱ䡣
ڰֱ併֮ǰ˶ɱ䣡
ʱ˵صط֮壬˺üö֮ͨɾ˺üлʵͨҲ̤˵۾ڡ
׼뿪
һֱ˰ʱ䣬ʱЩᣬֱ伴٣ڲߵĻıѩ۹Ǳ߻ᷢʲô⣬ǿɾͲˡ
뿪֮ٴβϴͳ翿ȥ
ʱ䣬ԾӡǵҲѾ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬ھĽܹʩչ֮ǰ֮ࡣ
ʱӡǣھĽѾ߱൱ǿƿ
һǵ۾εĶ֣ѾܹѹǶǵ۾ҶսҲ·磬лսʤ֡
ž⣬ڻص֮ǰʣµöʯͷյ
Ȼ֮ǰʯͷеаӡ֮ͨ£ЩӰʣʯͷͨЧǳԡ
ȻѾ֮˵أӦǿ԰ȫöʯͷеˡ
һ緽ͣһʯͷеĴ֮
֮ͨͻӡ֮ǰÿһöʯͷе֮ԽͨΪʵͨʣࡣ
һöʯͷȻٴν֮ͻӡ˻ʵͨĲΣ


985 ͷ
öʯͷʣǱǿһ°Ӱۣ֮ԭİӰ֮˵ھ죬ܹͨ̽ķΧһ
ţȴ΢΢üͷ
Ϊ֣һöʯͷյ֮󣬴͸аƺ֮ǰǿ˺ü
һźžͰס˾֮ӡԼӰ֮۵֮ͨö֮ͨȫӡ޷ã
ǵصľ֮壬޷źɢһź֮ͬ׸ö֮ͨϡ
ֱˣ
̲סһʯͷʲôȻܲͬǿȵа
֮ǰöʯͷĺ֢֮ڶؾͽˣڣľ֮嶼ﵽ˵أȻ޷ͬĸú֢
벻ģȥ֮ѾûˣذˣҲ˵ҵ취֮ǰľ֮ӡӰ֮Уᴦڱӡ״̬޷ʹã
ˣӡ֮ͨջᷢʲô仯ȫܸо֮ͨаӡ̫õĻһЩԳеĺ
ˡ
һʲôɻյڶöʯͷʱ򣬻û뵽ᷢ
⣬Ҳ˸ѣµĶУָʲôǳΣյĶ
ʯͷõģʲôģȫͷˣһЩܹ⣬Ҳܹ
ԺһҪСˡڣҲûʲô취ֻ취ˡ
̾˿ҡҡͷбаӡö֮ͨ޿κΡ
õǣ֮ӡӰۣ֮ͨõͨбӡ޷Ӱ쵽ս
˵ǲеˣȥҪӦ԰ֱ֮⣬Ҫ֮ķҵһЩⵤҩϣͬãȴͬʱС
Ҫ֮壬Ȱֱ֮󣬼Կھ߱⾻Чĵҩҵֻƾˡ
ţۿǰѾһƬŨ֮ɭȻϢӭ֪֮Ѿˣô֮ˡ
֪Լжˣһ˱㻯һòΪͨӣһûŨ֮С
ֶΣȻͨӰ֮ʩչģεݺ֮ǰÿһζһ
ڰӰ֮ѾɱΪʵͨˣͨӰ֮飬ıԼòϢΪʵͨİӰ֮ǿ֮
ڵİӰ֮飬ȫʵ־Եαװαװ֮󣬻ԼӵеֶΣǰӰ֮֮ǰı仯
ڼһϯ֮󣬾֪ԼĴڶ¥ɽ˵ǾԲġ
¥ɽϵ˲վӡǣֻ·һ
ԣεİֱһУ׼ڲԼмҴһڻһģκκοɵţ
ԭûڽӰ֮Ϊʵ֮ͨ󣬽ø׽Ҫɱ
ҵ˵ɣ
ڣʵͨӰ֮αװ֮󣬻ԴݵĹܣýٵϵ֮ûңӶ޷ݳй׼ȷ
ǶԷ糬̫࣬ҵ

صʱܵİѾڸˡ
ȵֱȥİڲ˵ûȥǵطȥӦûɣ
š
ȻˡжһЩôлҲ׼һЩĴڣȻõ˾ӡǣ;ԲܴЩ
ڵõʯͷţ˵µĶǺõġ
˵ӡסͨͨȴȫɱ˻ʵͨʵ
ɱɵֻչǱޣԾӡո࣬ʮʮҲͽȫˡ
ڼȻֱ併٣ͲӶϾֱ˵˵ѣȴҲ˵һ
ֻҪɱЩյԶ꣬ܵõһЩԴǱȽϼģ
Ҫ磬ҪƿصΣҪҩԶԶϾܵõĵҩѾõòˣܹ뿪ǰ⡭
οоεľİƺЩ̫Ծεİֱ䣬ᷢһЩر顭
ԤУվڰֱ併֮ǰϻ硣
Ϊһͨӣص˱ѩ۹ڣȻʱֻȥ˰꣬ѩ۹ı仯ȴǷǳġ
ȣѩ۹ΧڣֳƬҪ򡪡ѩ
ĸҪֱռԭѩʳ޵۹ջʳƶ˵۹ͳУѩ۶ͳǡ޳Լ۳ǡ
սۡĪƵ̨ѩ۹ҲӭһٷչʱڣʱڣҲûʲôܹѩ۹Ŀٷչ
ϦǿʾеõİʲΪ˱ѩ۹ķչ̣Դʥ˵˱ѩ۹ѩ۹ڵļȫӵϹż̫ż似š
ñѩ۹̶̰ʱѾܱ޵ĽפʵǰĸҪǿ˺ü
ͷȥĻ꣬ѩ۹ʵͻᳬԽʮΪһ˾ͷ
ֻҪѩ۹Σ˵ͳΣͲԴ˼ᣬʵϣѩ۹ҲδҪȥ˿
˵˱ǿĴڣκ˺˶Կֻ£ѩ۹ôչҲ˽а塣
ܸ˵ǣٴλصѩ۹۹չˣʮսݣֲѩ۹ڣ
Щ֮ǰϦ衢ĹģܵΪİֱ׼ȴû뵽ֱӽʮսݳ
׼ڼİֱ˵㹻˵ģټϱѩ۹ʮݡĴ֮䶼ǽдͷģ໥֧ԮٶȽü졣
ĸطҪֲסˣ̾ط˸ϵԮ
֮£ڻصѩ۹ڼ;۹ȻδʲôЧ׼ֻڱѩ۹ڵļȣʲôϢһ㣬΢һЩսгǳɭϣҽвսе
۲δֱ伴ٵϢѸ£
΢ҡҡͷһʧɾʹˣЩû׼ĵطпܻᱻյԶռ졣


986 Դ
ûκֱ֪便ʲôʱ١
ֱĿʼʱ䣬ܸоİ¾Ѿܽˣֱȴδʼ
ڿʼֱʱпܱп⧲
ͳС
ڳ룬ǰͳǱı䳡Χ˵ڱ䳡ϽԼս
ⳡԼսķԭȴΪһŮӶԴף´֡
֮ҪȥΪŮӻЩϵ͸յϵʱԻɳǵĺѩ
ѩڻɳҶֵʦ㣬һΣֱʱһ¡
ʺѩиģֻϧܽһǱͶûоһΪʵ̫Σա
κΣգһѩεģѩûκεֿ
Ȼ뱱ѩ۹˹ϵܺãڿʼҲֻתĻˣֻžĽǰ˾ϣĽ¥ɽнų˺úദ
֮ǰһھӡǱ֣ôΣʱϣԼǣκѡ
ͳǱ䳡꾹ȻǻʾڵΪ˶ӢȻֵܶˣֵܶ˴űΪ˺ѩԼս
ֻǣδڳмѩˣҶֳֳҶֵܶڽȰ衣
ʱҶ֣ҲѾһʾڵǿߣҿͳǵĹ֮һȻ൱
Ҷֳ޷ֵֹܶ˵Լսˣ
Ҷֵ˼Ǻѩϣ֮еκһܵ˺Բ뿴ס֡
ֵ֮ìȴǲСΪ˺ѩ˭Ըͽ⡣
Ǻǣڵ˰
Цһαװɵһֱ̨̤վֵܶм䣬һĻΧ˵ע
ȫĿͶȴûһ֪˭Ҳ֪ӵ硣
ΪڻΪӵʱ򣬻þƿؽϢȫˣͳڣʲôܿΪϳǾ͸ˡ
һ˭úõԼսϷʲô֣
ǣҲСˣѵҲѩӳ⣿
֪˭ǰδι˵һﲻɣ
˵ҲĶ˾ȻżֵܵԼսһӾͷŭ
Ա˷׷ڴָָ㡣
̨ϣԭȰ޹Ҷ֣Щϲ벻Ȼ˻Ȱ˵Ҿ˵Ϊ
Ҷ룬˶ԶԲ޷ȻˣôҪֹⳡԼսпܵġ
Ҷ˵ҪԼսżֵܶʱջˡ
ǵԼսǰͶˣȴû뵽Լսʱ򣬾ȻӶ˳ֹ
ոҶֱϾǺѩʦܣֵܶҶڳİļһȻҲǣ
Σ
ÿԼսʲô£
żҴһǳ
ǣʲôˣʲô£
żҵܵҲһ䣬гɫ
վм䣬ұΧָָ㣬ȴǵȻȫûбΧӰ졣
һЦʱλǰֵĺáˣǿֱ֪ҪˣҿλԼսȽһڰֱ併֮˭նɱĸ꣬е˼
⡭
⻰ǲһ㶣漴Ĭ
ȷֱ˵һ£ѩ۹ڰǰͿʼ˰ֱ伴ʱ䣬ֱ˰ɣ
ǰֱ併ٵĻ
ʱ˳Ĭ˶Դ˲мһˡ
ֱ䣬˭֪ʲôʱǱѩ۹д֮⣬ҿûʲôţ֪Σˣ
Ǳѩ۹׼ʮսݣ㰵ֱ併٣ܰô
ȷֱ赣ǣ෴ⳡԼսȴǵòŵȵģһܴ
ЩΧΧߵĻֱҪΣЩһǶԱѩ۹ôģ
ֱ䣬Сԣһ»﷭ЩǵļһȻ԰ֱ޵ģ
Ҳ֪ڱѩ۹ڲڵһЩ⡣
Ȼѩ۹巢չܿ죬ȴñѩ۹ڲ߲һֿԴԸԸ۹ûʲôôвܴ
ʵϣѩ۹緶ΧҲ㲻ʲô̫ǿȱѩ۹ǿʮ
ڱѩ۹չٶʵ̫죬õ۹ڵĴĶЩ͡
ҲãȰֱ併٣Щ˾ܵõһĽѵˡ
ҡҡͷţżֵܵԼսǿ϶俪ʼģҪ֪ʾڵ꣬Աѩ۹˵Ѿǲˣο˶Ŷʮ꣬ǰ;һƬ
ҪκһԷԼսУǱѩ۹һʧ
֮£Ҫֱֵֵ䣬Ϊֿһǿ˾ߡ
£ȻÿǼɱģ
ˣøȥڣԼս˵ǰˣʤͰڰֱɱĸɣ
һ롣
żֵȴ߲ΪǶԼ϶ȶԷǿһսضܻܶԷӶúѩ
ȻֹǣǾһˣ
żֳһкһܵܣȸɵⰭ֮ˣȻٽǵԼս
û⣡
żҵܵҲͷȫ˲лͷųڴȻ٣·յһҪճɷ飡

״΢΢̾ҡҡͷվԭһ
ʾڲεĺ㹥˫ʩչĶǵĸ߽ͨˣȴȻвһ˿һ
ڻʾڵʱǿȾͿȵ۾۷壬ͻƵ˵۾ڣǿȵõ´Ľֱ֮ӱ֮ǰǿֹ
˵ǻʾڵĸ߽ͨǵ۾ڵͨһܶʲô˺
Ȼһ̣żֵܵĻֵͨʱֵ𾪵ķ֣Ϊĸ߽ͨȻȫƲ˵ķ˹ƾ͵ֵסǵĹƣ
˾˭
Ȼӵ˿ֲʵ
żֵֻһУȴ׾ٵĵֵס˵ĸ߽ͨ˿ţȴϴˮһ˵ͨ˵ȫûκв
ҲʱȻüͷ΢壬һ̧ͷ
İµϢʱһȻǿˣ


987 ֱ併
һɲǾ͸ܵİ¾ľ룬ڿ͵㣬һϢ޾£һ΢£Ϸ
ʱľİ£лԵñȽֻһŵȴѾһŨİϢ
ʼˡֱ䣬ˣ
ͬʱΧҲȫɫһ䡣
ͨˣҲܹͨۼһ΢ˣǲǴ˵аֱ併ʱ龰
һ̣İ³ͬʱͳһͳǷΧͨ׼õֱӴͳ⣡
ʱѩ۹Χڶڱѩ۹׼геķӦǳѸ٣İ¸ոѾ۹Χõֱֵ׼
ڵͳǱ̨һӾͱû
һޱӴķ󣬴ͳΧڶ𣬽͵ͳǳУĸҪͳǣѶȾǼġ
ĵ˵ͷʱ䣬ĺϦˣû׻԰ֱ׼ǳˡ
ⲢͳǾ;԰ȫˡ
ڻҵͳǱ̨ʼϴӵ͸һЩɭϢƺں͸߿еľİңӦš
һڶ𣬾Զһ͸ľͼ׳Ӱ۳֣˼ôߣǼ൱һСͽ
ͼ׳Ӱոճ֣㳯ŻҵȺһɱȥ˲ͨؾĽޱͼ׳Ӱɣ
ʵ
һݣһӿͷͼ׳ӰʵȻﵽڣ벻ֱտʼֵĸ꣬ǿ꣡
ոջ˵Űֱ䲢µĽǣһ˳׵Ļ֮С
ͳǶ԰ֱĽ׼֣ͳĴѲߵĳ˲ؾĳ˹һ˴߶ģһ˴߶սģ໥ϣͷͼ׳Ӱѹסˣ
ս꣬һ𣬲һʱ䣬ֱӽͷͼ׳Ӱޣ
У˷֣Ҫ˺ָ꣬ΨҲ˵ҪﵽͨؾĴڲпܶԸָꡣ
طԸָ궼ûκãط꣬ڶſһЧ
ѩ۹ϣߵʵδﵽͨؾж٣
ؾؾؾǵͽΣռ˱ѩ۹İ˳˿ڣ
̤ͨؾ߶ģҲռһɰ˿ڡ
ֻʣµİߣ̤ؾεģӦΰֱ
ȸյľͼ׳꣬ﵽڵʵΣ֪ʱ˿̣Ѿ鲼ѣ
͵ĵطһͷͼ׳渴֣ܹɨ죬ûκֵܹ
Ȼʮǧյϣڱû̫ǿڵϣҲ̫ܻǿĸꡣ
һ֣Ǿһֲѡ
˶׼ﵽ߿Բɱֱ꣬ƾӡǣͳȡˣһȽõıӻۼ
һ޴ӳ򴫱ȫǡ
ͳǵĵ£һޱȾ͵ıӻڱӻ˵֮ǰ̫𣬶ұӻĴгѲߣֹӻڳԶ긴ա
ûдﵽؾߣͬˮһӸӿ˵±ӻ׼ѣﵽεĽޡǿʼĴѲߣȫ˽ŵս׼״̬
ǵԼսͣ˰ɣ
״۾ֱֵܵ䣬ǵһᣬҲǶǵһ飡նɱԼսʤΣ
ֵҲܵ˵ڶɭϢԼʰµĹɭȻжЩ㷡
⻰ټϷֶû˵ֺڸԵ˵ͷ
ǱԻɱʤ
ֵܸԵ˵ͷȻΧ˳ȥ׼ѰҸԸ
ڰֱŸոտʼԴӵص׸յ࣬ڳһһͷܿͻᱻ޼ɱ޷ڳһʱ䡣
ûãͳе˳˿ȫۼȽõıӻС
һĳǲȥػѲߵ±ӻˣΪӻڵ£ҲǺ׳긴գҪһĳܱ֤ӻڵİȫ
ӻҲᾭ긴ճȻɱһЩȽߣΪû֪ЩԶ꣬ʲôط
ֱ俪ʼ긴շʤ˵ǲľԱǵ۾ǿߣʱп䡣
ֱ٣ѩ۹֮ǰһЩֹʿ֪Լ֮ǰ뷨ֱǴش
Ϊ׼Ͳú°ֱ
ش
Ҫ޿֣ΨǿʵֻҪûǿʵǶڱӻУʱпܱɱ
ǰֱ併٣æ
ʱ˿̣ҶҲͶ뵽ս֮Уڲμս֮ǰܵǰ˵һ䡣
֮ǰֵֹܵû˺ֺҶﻹ֪˾һʵǿǰ
Ǵﵽ˵۾εǿߣ
ʱͳڣ۾ǿ࣬ʮÿһ۾ǿߣ˵ͳǵǿս
ԣҶҪ΢Ӵһ£Ҫ˽һ´˵̬ôҵǾͲˡ
ģĽѣԵ
Ҷֵ˵ͷҶַġ
ǰǡ
Ҷɫصĵ˵ͷת㳯ŲԶոոչһͷ˹ȥȫĸֳ׺һ򡭡
Ҷ뿪Ӱ΢̡
Ҷְ㲻֪Ҿɣ
δ˵ʲôҪĻҪնɱЩչԶ꣬ÿնɱһͷ꣬ܶһЩʵˣЩʵˣһԺҲʵڽпܳΪ֧
Ϊˣǿ߲ҪƴıǣЩǿߣ˭ûѣ
Ϊ˱ѣЩǿҲͶ뵽ҵսȥ
ɱ¾ʼˡ
Ŵк͵صͬʱɢɭȻϢһĨâϣĽУѩ۹Ҫ̫ʧɣ
Ȼ䣬гϤӰͳڽֵϲϴУδıӳϣ
ĸס
һ̲סЩھΣôʱûҵ죬ûڱߡȻˣڰֱ併ٵʱȱһĸ׺ˣ


988 ɱ֯
˵սԶԶδʼ
˲еļأʷϵİֱһʱ䣬Ȼİ¾е˾ȽԶĵطžİµľԽԽԶֱԽԽս
ÿΰֱ֮綼Ŀ꣬ٻɵʧȥ
Ȼܶ԰ֱһЩ׼ӦԵĻͻἱ½ڵıѩ۹Ӧܹڰٷ֮¡
ʷصһΰֱ䣬Ա㣬һֱУ֪Ƕô¡
Ҫǣֱ併ȫûκףÿΰֱ֮ļһ굽һǧ궼У޷ȷ
˲֪ȴ֪ΪİΧ绷ƵĹǹ̶ģǲϱ仯ģʱԶʱܽ
Ҳ͵˻޷԰ֱʲôӦе׼һεİֱ䣬£˵׼Ӧܹٲʧˡ
ֱһʱ䣬ǿ꣬ںʱ临գʱֵõǰ£ʾĸң˵ʵǳǿ󣬵ȴʤɱ֮ն֮
ǵ۾ǿߣбʾΧɱ
˷׼ͳУͲֱ̫Χĳˣǰ£׼Ⱥúñһ±Լͳеǡ
ӳ֮󣬱Ȼϸһ£˴ʱǻʾڵΪܿ죬Ҳ̫ˡ
ʾڵΪǰµİֱлܹȻɹˣҲ׼ʲô⣬ʱСġ
ӳͳڴУΪܾǰʶѣӳϻĺѣ໥սľҲΪḻ
ܿ˱ͷͬʱյԶ꣬һͷ򼣬һͷߣԶӰֱ˱ӳϵߺұߣ˼й
ûż֣ΪͷԶ궼ֻڵʵսӦòǿûбҪôͳ֡
һ̧֣塢нͨ߶ʩչ˲佫ͷ򼶳ס
ӳϣǷԪģһֱһ絮ۣͷ߾С
ֶԵоܷḻ̼㽫ͷԶѹס˷ֱʩչɱУͷԶ곹׺ɱ
һ͸ȥԶƮɢֱ˽ȥоʵȹһЩ
ǰ͸ԶڵԶ곹ʱЩ֧ڵɢܹյ
һߣ֮ǰֵܣֱڶԿŲͬԶ꣬ϵܵܵȴͻȻͷʾڵԶ꣡
˫޻꣡
һȥ㿴ͷʾڵԶʵ
ͷ֪ڶǰȥޣͷ޵ĸ꿴ͷ޴ӥצȴǷǳΪֲ
ͷԶͬʱգ͸˫չֱӳϵܸܵ£Ҫ˺ɷ飡
ϵܵһֵסͷ˫յԶꣿ
Сģ
˵ϴ֮ǰҪϵܵԼսڣܵΣʱϴȴæһһ
˸һͷӥսʱס˾ƣܿ츽һЩͽ޸ϵ֮£ֱӽͷ˫޻ɢȥ
ͳǷԲΧͳڣϳָԶ꣬õǣ׼һֱܹӦĳ̶ȡ
㲻
ֵܾ˴˴Σ֮ԺͣЦһЦһеľȵģҪΪһŮֵ鶼ˣǻʧ
ԣαŪֵ֮ɱ
ƽķǣֲУȫûҪԼս
ͳڣæµţԶ긴գǿһڵʾڶУżֵ۾ε꣡
Ȼ࣬ÿһε۾ε꣬ͳ˵˵ѹܴģϾͳڵ۾ǿ߲࣬Ҳֻٷפͳڡ
һֱڱӳСͳǣȻڵƺЩ̫Ծġ
֮
üͷ΢壬ԥķڵ֮ȻֻԼое㲻Ծĵطȴ֪ﲻԾԾͳ֮
֮ԺвϾ֣ȻĲصܿʹһһ㲻Ծ˿
ʱ˿̵ͳڣȻ˶ĶԿֱ䣬ȴˣŻˮĹ
鱾ҲȻܵˣǶԷ飬϶ͻϵ
֮չڷ֣Ȼһδ֪֯ĲˣͳڵݣĿ꣬ȻҪԱӳϵͳǵ쵼㲻
ڵͳǣǱѩ۹Ĵ֮һҪԲԶڵ쵼͹㣬ȵȣλȻΪҪ
ȻҪ⡭ҵҪ˭ôӣ
ɱһ֮ܿóĽ׷ٵһСеȴĺˡ
ȫӰ֮У֮ĻעⲻоȻһˣ
ӣһˣǺԭĵȴʲôһɲǱվ
ҵĵ̣Զ긴յĻֻʸնɱ
Ǻ˼֣ʱݺݵ˵
ֻһСõͨߣȴǴӶԷпһЩһĶǶ˿Щŵĸо
˱ضҪһ£
ʾڡ
΢̣ʵڵȴʲôǲʵش𣬾µȥɡ
Ǻû뵽Ȼ˹ϣɲĿۣȴʲôˣ綼
˵ңʱ򣬴ͳͻȻһн
һһ̣һһ̣ѭ
ţ
Ǻʱһ˿ţüͷƺ̫԰
һ̣ƺͳڵİͬһʱжˣƿط̽£ΧԲжӡԺС
ɱǺüƻǲ֪˭ģ
˲ӿһɱǰ˾ʹڱ˲ɱֱȻźͻҵ顣
ʱͳڣȻĺͬʱжųһЩҪɱȥ磬ӳϣҶ֡ȵȣ


989 ͻ
ͳڣк´̿ͬʱж֪˭ָʹ
˵֮ȴҪȷûκɱжбɱ
ָܱʹ˭ҷĲŹ֮κһ
ӿֳһǿɱ⣬һ˸˲ٸĹŲӰ֣Χ˲˿ȥ
Լһ̴߶˵ڵľӡǣĽǿ̽
ƿءţ
һ


ھĽļӳ£ܹ̽ķΧܿͼſȥֱͳǶ
ͳڣڷ鶼ܹٶʮһ´̿ͣȫǻʾ۾ǿߣʾڡڣжʮһǵ۾ڡڵǿߡ
ٶ´̿ͣͳڣŻһн֮˲ͬʱжɱͳЩйصˡ
ȻѾ̽⵽к˵٣ЩҪ־ûôˡ
ġ˲ƣ
ĻĹŲӰһ˲˲ƿȥͳڸֱҵЩɱͳǸ߲㣡
к´̿ͣʱȫΪ֮һ㶣û뵽ҪɱĿʱ򣬾ȻһɲĺɫӰ
ɫӰ۳ĻĹŲӰ
ɫӰһƬڣȫ޷䵽׳ʲôӣЩĹŲӰһ֣̾ͳЩ´̿ͷ˹
ڹʽȫͳһľɱ似Ͽվɱ
һ̣ͳڣһֲĶϿϢϮͳϿգ
ƣ븴սĽޡȫ˵
Ͽվɱɱ
Ʈгɱ⣬ȻûԳ֣ȴǴﵽ˼Ϊ˵Ч
ֻ˲䣬ٶʮһ´̿ͣûü֣㱻ת˲ĺɫӰʩչֲֶκɱ
һжֵĺ´̿ͣȫ˶Ͽվɱ֮£
ӳˣֶԿһͷʾڵĸޣȴû뵽ͻȻ۾ڵĺ´̿Ȼ֣Ҫ˲佫նɱ
ӳȻһǲʶǰޣΪҪԼ֣
ֻһͷԷѾ׼֣ȫûиκλᡣ
ҲʱɫӰ˲䴫ͳϿգŶϿĵϢȻ
ţ´̿ͼûκηһѪ¶˫͸ŵɫ
ʲô似Ȼֱܹ͸ڵҪλ
ڷһɲǣ´̿͸оһͻ룬˲佫ǵ飬ǵ۾ڵǶûκηء
˵жܰȫ𡭡
´̵̿˵ϣĿ
´̿ͬģʮ´̿ͣȫһ˲һģһֱֲӴݻ˵籬ѣʹǶ
ͳǳɣʱѾһ۾ڵǿߡ
ڸոգ⵽۾ڴ̿͵İɱڶԸͷʾڵĸ꣬ɲǼ⵽ɱûӦ
ùɱʵǿȻǵ۾ڵ磬ʵǴﵽ˵۾ڵˮ׼
۾ڴ̿͵ְɱûܹɱųֵıεĺɫӰͻȻ֣ŶϿȳֵĺ´̿һ˲ѪȫѾ飡
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ϸ۲һεĺɫӰţɫӰ̳ͬһѸɢ˿ȥ
һٶʮһĹŲӰЩĹŲӰȫֻһ֮ʩչһ֮󣬱ľɢ
ͳڣ
ͻĺ´̿ʹɱжͻֺɫӰȻɫӰȫɢ
˭ڰǣѵ
ɿĹŲӰɢĵطһ˼оеǰĻĹŲӰֶΡ
ǣӦòŶԣ
ҾҲô۳ĹŲӰɣ
Ҫǵ۾ڵǿ̿ͣĻĹŲӰʲôʱһնɱ˵ǿߵĳ̶ȣ
ǣ˵Ļǻ˭
üͷ
͹һʵģͳ˴ɱĳԱЩԱ͵ʶǣڶѾʾ磬һͳǡ
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Ȼһִɱ˵еڶ֣ڰֱոտʼûкܽٻٶҲʲôغ
λˣ˵˵ոշʲôɣиλƲ⡣
ڹɵټ£ɱĳԱȫص˳ھۼӳϵȵȡ
ڣȵޡӭŮΪǾ
ǵ͹ɲƣǸֻ⵽һʾڵĴ̿ʹɱȻΪǱŻʾڡ
ƲͿ֪δɱжͼƻõҪˣҪȻܸպ÷䵽ȳԱһȥɱǡ
ոѾʩչ֮һ£ȴݲκν˭Ĵɱ˭ǣȫһ֪
üͷ΢˵
ô˵˫綼ȹȳҪߺܶˡ
һԵĳŮӺ³˼һ˵û´Ļ϶ǺйأȻǺܳʱûˣ֮⣬ҲͳǻǵεĴڡ
ͳУԻʾڵΪȫְ񣬳ڸ־Ź
ôõζûʲôʧȥжһҪСĽУһרŰһӻʾרѲߣֻЩ
ͳ죬Ѿǻʾڵĳ֣ص˵
ˣֱǳͳ͸ͳ죬ȻֻлʾڵΪʵȴܹԿѰĵ۾ǿߣֵ۾ǿҲܼһʱ䡣
Ѿ˱Դ飬ΪıԴʵǳǿǵõ˷籩ħĴУ籩ħϵϲΣܷӳķ籩ħѾǿ
ңŻ⿪˷籩ħһӡʹ籩ħΪϹżƷս˵Ҳ˵һɱ䡣
ǰź㹻֣ȷƽ¡
ɵ˵ͷȻɨһˣм˵ĳԱ㷢˵˶ȺúˣҪƽͦΰֱ䣬ǻǵιЩҩˡ
һֵ˵ͷȡһЩ˵ҩַЩ˵Ա
Щ˵ҩȻٶǴļƷĵҩϹżҩɼڵ֣ˮ׼Ѿվļˣ


990 Ļ
ڹɵڳȥԲߵʱȴѾʼһѰĻˡ
ҵ˸ղŴɱжʼʱнĵطֻһͨĲtͳڣֲܹtػtһڵĳȻѾȥ
ʱֻڲtڵʬ壬˴ɱȻӲtϷΪȺ´̿͵Ϯʼźš
̤۾֮ǰûκΰ취ڣѾ̤˵۾ڣһ̶ȵ֮
ңӡǵĴڣܹʱڽĽǿԼȡ
ѰݲĶȴпܽݳ
֮ڼĻϣǵһΣȥΣͳ˸εĽ䣬Ȼֱӿʼݡ
ʱ˿̣´̿ʹɱжʼܹʮʱ䣬ԽݳĿԾԽ
Ľ硭ݣ
߶ڵľӡǣͬʱ֮ʱӾĽĴ۶ǿֱ֮ǿ
ǵ۾ڵΪ֮ǿ屶ֱ֮࣬ȴﵽ˵۾۷ˮ׼
⻹
֣Ҫε֮ȥݴ˴жĻ׵ʱ򣬲û취Է˿Ѱҳ
ӡǣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬֮ǰһֱûн߶ޡڣȻҪҵֵѣܻ
һҧھĵӡǳװ߶ӡǽһԾĽȻǿ֮ϡ
ݵȣٴǿ屶
һ£Ĳ֮£㿪ʼһӰԺ֮Уһ
ȻδԳӰʵģȴԼӰ൱Ϥ
£ѰݶֵϣܳһʱУһпֵܱ֮
ڣͨӡǿֱ֮ѹס˶Էĵֿһݳ˶ԷӰ
ңĸֱ֪Ӳ³˶Էпܵݡ
׵۵״ӡֲף
޾ɱ⣬û뵽ⳡ̿ʹɱĻ־ȻֲףǰͺìܣرԼսнնɱ֮˫ìܿ϶Ӽˡ
ȻδֲʲôĿ֮Ҳûмֲסȴû뵽ֲ׾Ȼ׺ݣӶɱɱͳѣ
ҪպͳڣҪһˣһɱ¾ͳʧأ
һͳǵĳʧһ룬ͳ˵ǱһҪԿֱ͸ˡ
ݣֲڵλã
˳ݳǸӰδȥݶԷ׼ȷòֱתݶԷڵλá
ڴﵽ˵۾۷徳ֲף϶ڵֵ֮ȴû뵽ֻݳһӰӣѾȷݣҽſʼڵλã
ֲ⧲֮£ûܷı˵ݷλõıɽһǣֱӱ¶ǰ
ʥǣڳʥȥ
һӿֲڵλãɱӣһǶʥǣΣ
ֻҪԷûṳ̈ʥܹ˲佫նɱ
ռ֣ͨ
ݳֲ׵λ֮һǰһĿռͨռֱͨʥǣҲֲڵλã
˾ӡֶ֮ΣֻҪھĽ֮УԱκ˶ҪٵĽд˲ƣ
Ҫֿ֪ռͨ˲䴩ǧľ룬ͷͷֻһ֮ң
һ̤봫֮ͨУһԽǧһŲʥϣ
ǰȻı䣬ֱӴͳǱʥǡ
ʥǣǱȽϤģֱ併֮ʥǣΧͬͳһأԼǿߣʥǵĸԿŲϸչԶꡣ
׵۵ĵ״ֲףƺǸմͻʥҪ뿪ʥģȴܵݳ˽Ҫٴλصʥȥһܡ
Ͼֲײ֪˭Լֻ֪ԼٺλѾ¶ˣõķǶʥ֮С
ʥ¥ɽ죬᲻ɴݣ˵ǰٷٰ֮ȫģϧǣûˡ
һԽǧֱӳֲ׵ǰȻһӵģֱ˵ģΪİϵϢҲǰûġ
ʲô
ֲɫһֳǰֻе۾ڣ԰һ£ԷҲĶ֡
ûֲ׷Ӧھͷ·ѼУֱڵʼƻ
ϿվɱСɣ
ͳڵɱ¾ĶϿվɱСɾ磬ٶȱ֮ǰһնɱӿֲ
ϿʥȪɱ
һɫˮϢгֲڣڵĵ;ѳ˷飡
ȻֲΪ۾۷ǿߣ׵۵״ӣûô򵥾ͱɱţһ̧֣ʩչƷԨ
ŵѷ죬ֲ׻δӦ֮ʣֲ׺Ȼ

ֲһ̧֣һȫĺ죬ͬŭγһƬ׹ֵǾŵѷǰ
յһлʵͨҲǿķֶΣκᱻɣ
һУֲʮ㣡
ȻҴʥǶ׵״ӳ֣ˣ
ֲдſ⣬ֻҪֵסԷһУôʥǿߺܿͻҪ֪ʥǣ
Ϊ׵۵״ӣȻʥϮǿһܵض̹ǰˣڽӣ
Ȼ֪㱳ǲǻˣȻݳ㣬͸ɣ
ɵɫһ仰˵Ǿѷ˲ӵ˶ԷĿ֮ϡ
ԨƷ󣬷·Ǵӵչľ˲佫ѹȥ
аĵȻһƬ׹ֵֻסһѷ죬ű㱻׷飬ʧȥκη
ڲд׹£ʣİ˵ѷת˲ûӦֱֲӺ˷飡
ֲŵɫԼȻôˣؼǣľȻ˲ף
ɱľ˭
֪
ԷΪʲôҪɱ
ݳ
ѵͳǵѣ
ʩչɭ죬ѵʧõйء
Σֲ׶벻ЩˣΪԨٵϣѾ׶Ͼ
һ̣Χȴüȡ
ס֣
󵨣
һȺǿ߳ڴж


991 ͻΧ
˲͸ܵһǵ۾εǿߣڴΧԼΧЩûдﵽ۾εߣǷ׷ײҹ
Ц۾۷εֲ׶ɱ۾ǿ߻ҹɣ
һǵ۾ΧǿǱˡ
ʥڳ֣һڰֱ併ٵʱǲˣ
̫ˣҲ֪׸ֲʲô𣬾ȻϧԼҪɱ
ʲôԹ밵ֱҪᲢۣڰֱʱɱֲףǴɣ
һȺ۷׷ףȫС
Щۣʱһֻ˵һ䣺ԭǻͦӰֱģҵû뵽ȻˣΪֲ׻ʱ򣬹ӶһȺ̿ʹɱˣ
ѵֲɱˣȴɱֲʲôԣ
⻰ʱΧȺڱͣһ˵
ǲֲ֪ʲô͸ɵǣϾ˵ʵ̫ˣѰ޸ǰ
һǵ۾˷ӿһ¶Ц
ɣı䲻˽ˣȻʥɱˣ
Ȼɱ״ӣģ
ڰֱʱ֣оֱ޵ĳ裡
Χ磬˻δɫѾգװΧм䣬ûһ˿һܵĿܣ
ԾƿϢðӰ֮仯ˣڿĴҰҪıϳ
ΪˣŸҴ󵨵ʥɱˣ
ʱ˿̣㱻һǵ۾Χ϶ŵЦݣ·ȫûн˿һ㡣
飬Χ޿ͷ·Ǵһ㣬Ȼԭص㲻ǶҲ÷һ°
ĸ֣ǶԿֱڼҪҲǶ֡
˵
Цʱˣ㲻붯ֱ𣿡
ֲѾɱһǶԿֱҪҲһɱˣ
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һǵ۾ŭȳͬȫֲͬǵضͬХһЯޱȿֲƺȻ
Ȼ޶վƹ룬·еһҶۣʱп㸲һ㡣
ȻϣȴȻźνЦݡ
ӣô£
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Χ˶ôţжһƬɻ벻ͨǰӾЩʲô
ڴʱڶˣ
ѣһͬһ̰ɢֻһգۼ䣬ԭǰӰȻֱɢˡ
һǵ۾ĺȻ£Ȼɽֱʧ
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Χ֮ƺȻһǵ۾Ҳпзǣһ۾ڵͨˣȻƤӵʧˣ
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ǴδֶΣδţδ
ǿռģǻҲʲôֶΣӾǰֱɢһ̡
ǻһֻ̣İˣʵϣԷĻ̣˵壬ӳλһǵ۾ĸ֪
ڣǵĵȷȷΧ£׾ٵߣʧˣԷ˭֪
ݣ
̱һ˿ʼ߶֮֮ٵϵʱȴֱӱµĽƸ˻ȥ
֮ǰ˽ƣ֤Ϣκйҿ赲ݡ
ԳԽѰؾǿߵֵ֮Ľƣ˵Щһǵ۾ˣ¥ɽϵؾǿԽ٣ҲһƵÿ
֮֮һǵ۾ûκЧֱڣûκ֪͵Ϯɱֲ׵ľ˭
˲ˣݲҪβΪֲױ
ȫһƬžֱһͷʾεԶڳиգ˲ڻعʼԸͷꡣ

ʱ˿̵ѻصͳС
һǵ۾ϹƣƾǸסģҲһǵ۾սϾ˶ûʲô
Ȼѡ˱ãڶԷٵʱֱƾ谵Ӱ֮ԷĹͬ
һ˲䣬ȫ뵽˶ԷĹУΪ˶Էһ֣£ԷȻҵȥĶˡ
ֶΣǿʾУԿ׻ʵʱҲʩչʱӰ֮黯̫֮׵һʱĹ
ڣһǵ۾Ϲȴֻĵɵţ֪αװɿ뿪ʥǣʥ֮˸ȫĳ߶ӡǽ˴ֱͨӻصͳȥ
ɱֲ׵Ḷ́ǰ󲻳һʱ䣬Ŀ֮
ɱֲףѾˣΪȻݳĻֲףֲױûˡ
ǺģȻֲ׳ˣôп׵۵ϯ״ף
Ȼû֤ݣ̤˶ǵ۾֮ǿܶࡣ
˵ֹκ˶Լݣȴûôǿȥƿķ
µĽƣֹֻܷܰȥݱˣҪ֪Ƿ뵽Ļ̤ߵ磬ո̶ȵľӡǡ
磬վӡǣܼꡣ
Ҫʱ䣬ǰߣҪȥ磬ܹĿꡣ
ֱ䵽˺µĻӿֳܶǿԶ꣬ʱ۾ڵʱ򣡡
˼ţ˸ž⣬ƻŶԸֻҪ̤۾ڣϾӡǼӳɵĻͺпݳйһЩ顣
ڱָʹֲɱ飬ôԲ̫ã
ڵҴԼĶ֣飬Ϊ֪Էһͷ´ξͻпһܲһֱŶԷ
ֻнԷ׽аȵӣ
˵ҲûôǵԷǿܲˬ൱Ρ
˵Ҷ΢ġʧ١ֲ׵ˣòﵽԼͷ˰ɣ
һ룬⵹Ǻпܵ飬ЩһﻹҴ˰
ΣǵͷϵģһŲŹֻҪȴֱµȻȥնɱЩǿԶˣ


992 Ȫ
ͳڣɱ¼û֪ɱ¼ֲ׾ȻѾնɱˡ
ɵˣ׷ڷпֵܳĵڶδɱȻֲˣȥ治ǰٷ֮ûΣˡ
ֲײʹߣֲױ󣬱ضǿĻڣ
ţΣ֮ǰӣ´ڿʼ֮ǰӾԶˡ
ڵģ
ʱ仯һĺ꣬òʣȴһ̺ۣ忴ȫ뵽ϡ
ңǱ仯֮ٱ仯ġûĶһͷɻ仯Ǻģ
һûκ˿Կóʵݣ
֮죬ͳڰæɱ꣬żе۾֣˲ɱ
֮ͳڵȶˡ
ֱǸոտʼ
ͳǵĳǽϣųǽȥʱ򣬷ִʱͳ⾹ȻѾгǧǵصĸָԶŸ곯ͳǳ
⣬ȻѾۼôิˣ
û뵽ֱ侹Ȼ˴Ӱ죬ûܶͳڵߺȺڣȫЩ˺ˣ
ͳڣ󲿷Χ˳ڳֵĸˣڳۼĸ꣬ͳзϴڣʱҪȥᣬЩʱǹͳǵķϡ
ʱţۼĸضԽԽ࣬ʱͳǵķϻ治һܹ֧
ôĸ꣬ǶôӴһɱ
ûκԥһĹŲӰͳڣʱ̽ųڵȻӰ֮޷ãƾƿطҲܹȫǵ
һͳڳʲô⣬ܹ˲͸ϻ
Լǳ嵽ͳ⣬ȥԺɱЩۼĸ꣡
ĴΧֶβ࣬ҶǰʩչˣԶͳǣܹ˵ߣʼģնɱЩꡣ
ΣѸٷɵ˾ͳǧ￪⣬ԽԶͳǣۼĸԽ٣ЩԶŸҲϲ˶ĵط£
˵΢ϡٵȴǸպãϾҪ̫Ļ¶Ӧ
ɱ
ȷΧ˸֮⣬Ѿûκֱ֮ӱԳ˲ʩչɱУϿվɱ似ٿȻ˲ɱͷһĻʾ꣡
ǳɫˮ˫֮ϣǶϿʥȪһ޾սԴӵõսʹõĴǺܶ࣬ڸպлᶯãԳһսϿ
ȻҪ޾սϣûôףҲֻǱԿ˼ˣ㲻Ҳûйϵ
նɱͷʾڵľ֮ǰȥֱ˴͸Ĵ
ͷʾҲ·ûб仯һ㣬ΪЩʵ̫ˡ
ڵ磬ѾԲÿһĴСŵĿռһܴ֡
ʱԲһҪԶ֮ǰȽϵ͵ʱ˳ɰǧ
֪ҪնɱЩԶŸ磬ǳٶˣֻҪһܹͻơ
ʱţİµĸ꣬ضԽԽǿҲͻ̺Ũ˵ʱպʱ
ʱȥİµĹ⣬ѾأηԡһƬɫĹ֮£涼һƬ
ԶŸչľ꣬緶ΧڵŰЩУΪһ֣
ѩ۹ڵǺõģ԰ֱ׼ĵطѾͬһˣ˼ء
۵Ѻܺˣֱ֪ӽֱ䵽ϢȥĻ˶׼ٿԼһ
ֻϧǵõϦѵʱˣȴδ̫ŮĻ
˱ѩ۹֮⣬ȽϺõĵط֮һˣ첨ĵطӵһķ
磬ֻҪǴ˴ͷĵطڰֱ併ٵĵһʱ䣬˵ǿ֣߳æս˴ͷΧѾ˲ٷϷ
磬˵Ĵͷڴȫ˵ǿפأټ˷ӿǿ󽭺ޡǿߣһһأʱЩػǱȽοģ̫ܱ깥ơ
Щȫûж԰ֱ׼ĵطǽޣǹǿߣȫĳ˵ĴͷΧˡ
ȫʶĳ˵£ϾֻΪȫģ
ʱȥȶά˿ԽܵķΧ֮ڣ⻹ΪڲԴ˴ΰֱһ׼Եʡ
նɱŲϳߵԶŸ꣬;Ҳܼٱƽ񡢽ޣ˳ֵ£ȻǽȫʱԼС
ЩƽͽޣûһﵽؾģЩʱֻһ·ߣڽʱ;вĥµʱȫޱȸм
ʵϳ֮⣬ѩ۹ٷ֯Сӣѩ۹ΧŸֽ꣬׶κܶิʵ̫ǿж൱˳Ҿѩ۹ΧڳһƽͽޣǱ
ʮսݣڱѩ۹˷ÿһսݵͳòս֮УֱٰǰǾ԰ȫġ
˺»ᷢʲôɾûκ˿֪ˣ
һǧ
ɱĸ꣬㹻˷Բһǧʱ䣬ɱͷ꣬۵ýƣߡ
֮òϢ
ȥҪøѣҪһǧķΧҪʮʱ䡭
ϢǾӡǵˣﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
Щϲ
ķǶԾӡǵˣԾӡյٷ֮ʮʱоʮ￪⣬Ѿ˱ѩ۹ΧһطȻһϤܵĸо
ǡȪĵϢʹʹʹȪʹʹȫޱǿĴڣѵȪʹ֮أǸ򣿡
ľӡǣھĽĸ֪ҲУ
Ȫʹ֮أȻڸܵˣôͱضҪǰģǼ̳ʹУϦ̳ʹУֻҪҵȪʹ֮أ˵ܹõȪʹĻȪУ


ھž ֮


993 ݻ
ھʹ˽Ⲣࡣ
ϦõʹУʵﵽ˼Ϊֲĳ̶ȣͬҪǿ̫ࡣ
濣ȻҲǵõԴʯ޹ŵʵϦȴһĲ࣬ʱᲢۡ
Ͼ濵õֻϦȴǵõʹԴڣ似ֶӦоУ
ȪģҼǵöһƺ˵ģ淢˻Ȫʹ֮أԴһǰһҪõȪо̫ˡ
š
õ˾ӡǣھʹĴвǷǳ⣬˵һǿߵĴУ˵ܹõĴǿһˡ
ûκԥֱӳŸܵȪϢĵط͹ȥ
һ꣬˲̤գԽʮľ룡
˫ۣԼΧȻвٵ۾εԶŸ꣬һǻ
һƬɽЩԶŸǻڴˣȻ޷̫飬ôǻΪʲô
ѵҲΪ˻ȪʹĴУ
ţԾҲܣϾȪʹĴд϶ӵкǿۣԶŸʶɸ
֣һƬɽûʲôƽߵĴڣһȺ۾εԶŸ꣬û̫ƻ
ʣЩԶŸ꣬ûҵȪʹ֮ɵȪеӴ
⵹Ҳ飬ҪȻĻǰεİֱ䣬Щɵ˻ȪʹĴˡ
ȷƬɽ֮У
ԻȪеϢ֪ԽԽˣȷȪʹȷ⸽һЩƾӡǣ϶ܹҵǸڡ
ճͷԶŸ귢ųϮͷݾ޵꣬˫չ֮ÿһͷǵ۾ڡڵǿڣ
µһƬɫ¹â£ͷݾ޵ӰͬٶȳϮ籩ȻҪ˷մ

ûκԥ˫ּٴθֳһǳɫˮˮ㻯ǳɫУ˲գ͸ͷݾ޵ڲ
Ͽվɱ
һȣǳɫˮɵֱӴ͸ͷݾҪ۵Ĺؼ֮ɢ
ֻһֱӻͷ۾ڵǿ꣡
Щ꣬ǰǱ۷ھĽڣǿģͬ޷Լһ
İ¿ʱܽЩԶž޵ȫѣƾűܵɵΧһ顣
ЩȴӲˣŵ̫ԶͬȾ£޷ܻŵ顣
գ
ͷɢ۵ȻֱӳܵȪеĵطȥ
ڼ䣬궼ܵĴڣ׷׳ɱ
ʱȴͻȻܵƬɽУȻһϤӰպڳо걻ʱ̣ŻȪϢڵĵطйȥ
һ
̲סһ죬뵽һأȴû뵽һѾǰ˺ܾˣ
һȪĵҲ൱ɫոյһʱ䶼ûֱܷͻȻűľƿظ֪
ϾڵİӰ֮ͨ޷ãƿصĻ֪½ٵģֻϵʱ򣬲ŻΧȫָơ
ȤұԸЩ꣬Լȥ̽Ȫаɡ
ȻһˣҲǰѰһȪˣɱɱ꣬ȡ̤뵽۾ڵ硣
һ϶֪ͻȻ֣Χоĺ꣬Ȼ
ûϵͲԳ
ȻµĽΪ˵ݣȴ޷˶˵ݣ¶Ļ˺ͨݵĴڣ
ԽΪȫվӡ֮ǰԱǰ
Ȼһ֪˭Ȼ˰Щ޸꣬ôȻ͵ÿʼжˣԺһĻˣ
һѾѰ˰ʱ䣬ʱҵһȪе˿ôʱ
Ҫǰֱ併ٵһЩһ͵õȪˣ
Ͽվɱ
˫ֲǳɫˮΪ鶯͸ϻд͸ЩԶž޸꣬ӰȫֻһƬ۵
̫ˡ
ȻսһƬ˳ҲǷǳ޴󣬶ξصǣڻӡͨ޷ãҲ˵ĺͼڣʱ˿޷Ƹָġ
ֻͨһЩӰ޾壬ܹԼָһĻÿκľȫᴦڷǳΣյľء
ã׼˼֮ߵİӰ޾壬սԴȻǴϡ
ԴڿߵСкУĹ˺ü֮ⷽͷǳˡ
һöö޾屻ȫյΪҽɢͬʱϺɱһͷͷ޸꣬һɹɾ
ֻϧնɱʮϰͷ۾εĸ꣬ûܽųһǧֻһٶޱȣ
ˣ˵ˡ
ڵܹ̤֮۾ڵľ磬Ϊ̫Ѱ޷õҩҪ˵Ļ»δ̤۾ء
Ҫ֪ıԽôģҲֻŵ۾ڶѣ֪۾׶Ѷж
նɱеԶž޸꣬ɽΧھûʲô̫ǿĴˣһһ·˳磬ܿҵ˻Ȫ֮صڣƾĻȪͼ򿪻Ȫ֮ء
൱ΪһݻϾЩ۾εԶž޸꣬ڲŻʾĶһ˵̫ǿˡ
Ҫ˵ǶһǵʱŻʾԸЩޡ
Ͱɣ
ţܿɫһ䣬ΪܵһɲͬѰϢ緶Χӡ
һɲͬѰϢʮңԶǣȴʮУΪһɭȻϢȻ֮
ΧΧ֮Ǿ۵ߴ֮ͨһһֱûзʲô仯·بŲһ
ڣ֮Ȼڳ½ӹ
ɫʱ仯Ƿʲôˣ
İ£֮ϢƺʼںһȥĻֱ䲻֪ᷢʲôı仯ˣѵΪ۵Ĳдʶױӡߴضδ֪仯
뵽һУ


994 ֮
һɽ󣬵ȴŶһͻڣ̤뵽ȪʹĴ֮أһͨӡǣĽĶ
ôʱȥˣΪ޷֪ʥĴˣֻھĽ̫ؾޣû޳ˡ
Ľ磬ҲƽôƵؾǿߴս
ڣİº֮໥ȴǲһǰδеı仯ƺΪ۵Ĳдʶױӡ˵Եʣ
İµ֮໥Ӱ죬ңӳ֮ϲӡ
֪֮˵һƬأУûκοܴ¥ɽϵѰؾڣ״֮У
֮ھİµӰ£ӵϣпȫ¥ɽϵ˶ûа취ֹ
ȷڳ緶ΧȻʱٶȲ죬ȥ൱ġ
üͷ
֮;İ໥Ӱ죬ͻ죬ƺûʲô취Ψ˾ӡǵпֹһеķˡ
ؼǣԾӡҲհٷ֮ʮѣﲻӰߴصĳ̶ȣ
ã֮ӽٶȲǺܿ죬ֻһһŲһʱ취
նɱһͷոոյԶž꣬ȻԶһƾȪĵ˻Ȫʹ֮һ̤У
ƿءΣ
һֱ̧֣һƿصط֮ӿȶȪʹϢ
һȪʹڵϢͲɢΧĸܵˣҪȻĻȶһеõ˴г϶ܵһΣЩ껹пֱӴУвһ
ģֱõصطƿأطϢȫ
ţûͣˣһֱӴһռ䴫ͨһ̤봫ͨ˱㳯Ե͹ȥ
˷ıԵһƬ̵ĻĮʱ֮ӣûб˷֣Ҳûʲô˵
֮ǰʥڴƬĮطһԵ䣬ԭֻ֮ǧڣֱһ룡
ڣڸǺüޱϿգܼ߷ӿŵ֮ɢӹٶȣٹʱ䣬ƬĮͻᱻ֮ȫռݡ
ţ֮ӵĵطʼвŵ飡
ޣƺѾȫˡ
üͷ΢壬ܵºüͱݣȴûиܵκ޵Ϣ
Ϊ֮ǰʥһ£彫ȫˣǻصȥˣǵȻĵˡ
磬໮ֵ̣һӴͬҲǣ⣬ȻӵԼĵ̵ġ
֪Ƿ񻹻ǲĽ磬ڵ˵ƺǲˣϾȫҲʥֻǰװˡ
ؾµޣƺԷȺǷǳ⣬ﵽؾޣ϶Ƿǳģɳ
ҡҡͷڿɲʱ򣬵֮Ҫֹ֮ӲŶԡ
ҪֹķؼľҪ֮Ϊʲôӹ飬ֻһп
¥ɽϵˣܽ⣬ΪĽ磬Ψһƿƾ֤ӡǴϣ
Ǻ;ǰͬΪǿڣ˾ĽڣҲ޷ֹЩķΪ˽Ľ磬ʵᱻĽѹƣ
СС֮໥ųģھĽ۵Сڣκ˵С綼ѹƣᱻѹסһ
ţ
ϸ۲һȴӹһӿУƺһЩ͵ĸ꣬Щ꣬һհ޴ٶǵ۾εĴڣ
ˡ
ɫ˲һΪЩ޷ĴڣǾǳԽ˵۾ٴﵽؾĿֲڰ
֮УȻΪİµؾԶž޶չˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ȥһߵ֮УͳͷؾԶž꣬˵ΧôһƬ֮ˣ
ֵؾԶž꣬гɰǧͷ
ֱ֣뵽֮Уεİֱ䣬ƺ̫ˣܽĻĻ˶
֮ӣЩؾԶž긴йأ
Ѿûʱ˷ˡ
Ҫ̽һеԵɣΨһ취ǾֱȥӴһԴͷҲǾİ£Թûκܹ̤뵽İȥӵ˾ӡǣԽв̽һˡ
š
ʣмΪΣգһСıȥ޻أȥĻ綼ʱ˭֪¥ɽϵ˻ķӦ
ҪȵĽӡȫգ¶ˣ
ȥ̽İ£˾ڱС
밲ȵɱԶž꣬Ȼ۾ȥһȻ䷢𱨸أȴû뵽ͻȻıʡ
ʣûжʱˡ
֮УӴյľ겻Ϸӿ֮ŵһƬ֮ѸӣȥȰֱ綼Ѿ֮ˡ
ҵʱ䣬Ĳˣ
һݣȻ̿ʼжڵ˵һ£һöУȻöͻص˱ѩ۹룬ĵУ
ĿеĶӦû֪Ҫôˡ
ѩ۹ڴһԵ䣬˵ԵĵطҲǺܿ⵽֮ġ
Ҫȷѩ۹ȫȽѩ۹۹תƵ룬ʥڵĵط
ʥ룬֮ӵĻʥǾȫĵطˣû֮һ
ȻֹһУôʥǶûκõġ
յöʱ򣬿϶ǳ𾪣ǻѺܴڱѩ۹Ӧ԰ֱ׼ֱȴͻȻ˵䣬һӴеļƻ
͸֮жʼһһĿռ䴫ͨѾľİ²ϴͽӽȥ
ֻҪʮΣͿԵִİ£û˸ҿߴ֮һ


995 ¹
Լٶȳžİڵĵط͹ȥûκ֪١
Խǿİ£ѪϢԽǽ֣͸ϢǾİµϢϢؾǿ߶ǰİ¡
ƾ赤ڵľӡǣȴֵܹסϢʴȻеܣ̫Ӱ졣
ˣǱʴ̫ãпܱʴ
Ҳ֪Ҫβֱֹ䡭Σ뾡ȫУ綼ᱻˡ
أӡǵϴ߶һһĿңԶľİ£
ʮδ֮Ѿһʱʱȥǿ˾İ¸ĵطֻҪٴһξܵˡ
ϣѾܹİ¾ΪǾȻһֳѪɫ״ľ͹ǱѪȾɵһ˿ѹȸʮ㡣
ֶαľʩչٻİƻǶôֲ
ڣǾѾ׷ӡͨİҲȻġ
ԶԶȥǿİ¹ϸڡ
ֻٴ۳һͿռͨȻ̤Уžİֱ˹ȥմӴͿռͨг֣͸ܵһޱѪȵϢİ£Ѿǰĵط
һֲɭȻĹ
ܹӡǵֵסʴĵӿֳһ־ѹ֣һҪԶĸо
˰ٷ֮ʮӡǵָо͸˵ˣؾǿߣҲôİµλá
İ£Ȼһ㣬Ҫ̽ܣ϶ǰһУǲ֪ǰЩʲô
˶񣬳žİµĹ˹ȥѪȵϢʱʴô޷ƽ
̤İ¹ѪɫĴŵʱ򣬷·ԵĶ˲˻֮У
֮壡
һԼط֮壬˵صľ֮壬ǽЩ·Եɾˣ˻ָһƬ״̬
Ȼİ֮Уӵо֮أǲϱѪɫѪϢʴžܿ޷оˡ
û۲һİ¹ĵһ㣬һΪĹռ䣬еѪ֮ɫŵϢйŹʴӰľ
һУƺʲôûС
ôǰڶ㣿
üͷ΢壬˼⣬Ժоһɱӿֳ˫Ŀͨ죬Ȼھ֮ѹ£Ǹоһǿɱ¾ĳ嶯
ҪоӡǺ;֮˫طѾˣ
ƿأ
ֻܴܿ߶ƿطҪƾ˽̽ΧһУϾǵصľƿأΧĸ֪Ϊ
֣Ӱ־һһ㹬Ʈƾƿز鿴֮󣬾Ȼܹ취ܵġ
ʼһǰһ㹬еһ߶һһƵѪ֤ѪɱӰ졣

ϡ
֮ңؾԶž겻ϸգӿһЯ֮ԵϸķΧ
һ󣬵ȻҲܿ챻˵֪ˣǵ֪Ϣˣȫ޾𾪺Ϳֻ֮У
Ϣ󴫵ۿУڽϢϱ¥ɽϣ
һʱ¥ɽǲһؾǿߣ̽ʵĻǿ߽¥ɽȥ֧Ԯ
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Ҫķ浱Ȼ֮ˣǧͷؾԶž꣬ҪǴϣܽ綼Ʒ
¥ɽϵؾǿߣһ߿ʼɱЩؾԶž꣬һ¥ɽϷԮ
ܿ죬ܴһؾǿߣڴ⽵磬֮ͬǰһʼԸ֮еԶžꡣ
ֻǣؾǿܹҲŶʮԵڴЩؾԶž꣬ȴﵽͷ
ôȥɱЩ꣬ܽȫɱʮؾǿߵͦ˷ܵģϾɱЩ꣬Ǳܹյܶ
ǺˣЩȴط󲿵ģѪԽǸľ磬ָЧԽǿֲ
Щؾǿ˵θûʲôϵֻɱؾԶž꣬Լþ㹻ˡ
Ҳ͵ˣ෽֮ûؾǿȥ⡣
ѩ۹ڴ
Ľյö֮̾Ϳʼֵ֯ĳˣϧǣѩ۹Ŀռ޾嶼һҲֻܿǧδͷ󣬽˴ǰʥȥ
ԣѩ۹˾ԲȫˣֻЩȽзչǰ;崫ߣˣҪôֻڱѩ۹أҪôֻͽȥˡ
뿪˱ѩ۹Ļ·;ҲΣأ֮ıң֮ѾЩ΢Ʈ֮ϡ
ЩȻϱյЩʵ˲٣۾۾εľҲ÷ǳ
˵磬ʥ֮⣬ûһ԰ȫĵطˣʥУпܱͻȻյľɵ
磬ʷΪϾĳ棬¥ɽæӵõ˿⡣
¥ɽϵӣƺǲˡ
˵˶ֵǣѵͦΰֱ𣿴ûһεİֱ䣬ܹﵽһĹģ
˵֮ʥǻԶֻҪ޷ӹʥǡȫû
ѩ۹޳ǡ
һڵֵϸյԶž꣬һߵŶһϾһѾ뿪ܳʱˣûй᲻ʲôΣգ
£濸뿪޳ȥѰҶһټΪ޳ǵѾ൱Σˡ
Զž겻ϸգ޳ڻãΧһƬ꣬޳ǶΧУͷľ꣡
濲ϴ߶޹ŵ޹ŵͷųɱ󣬲ϺɱһȺһȺľ꣬ĸ꣬ȴȻԽԽࡣ


996 ɺ֮Ѫ
޳ǣ濵޹ŵֵã˵޷ɾЩ޸꣬ȴҲǹڡ
ͳǣϦ裬ЯŵţǿһأһǹȻǳֵ۾ε꣬ҲܹʱֵƬ̣ȻٷǰΧɱ
۳ǣصΪ׵һΪ̷͵ȫǶǵ۾ĲΣһеĸ꣬˲ͻᱻնɱ
ѩ۶УĺأȻ綼ֻǵ۾δ̤۾սҲܹ΢۾εľ࿹⡣
ҪǣжǽдͷһǱ߳˶ǵ۾ǵ۾εľ̷꣬ߵ̸ϵɱ
̷͵˵ǵ۾εĸܹ꣬ܵģһ˱ԽսڶʵͬҪһЩ
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۳ǡ
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̷ոնɱһͷһǵ۾εԶŸ꣬Զϸֳһ֮ɫѾԼԼܹ߾ͷ֮һƬɺİ¹â·Ӷ
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̷˼֮УҪζɹѹأ˵ֻܷ

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ܿ죬ͷԼ²òһ飬İ¹һѪɱ¾Ϣ𽥼
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ھİµĵڶռУȻľ󣬻ݲݣЩޱȴôھİһط֮У
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Ƭռ䣬·ޱ޼ʣﶼӡһ㣬޷ã޷ٷС
Զȥ˻ľ֮⣬ռоʣˣûκ쳣֮
ĵطһӣеĽľϱƽͣŻ㡢һֲ뿪ĸо
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ۿ϶Լһͨ·ͨİµ
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ƿسԳΧɢȥҪҳƬռκβԾĵطһ˿һ쳣пǾ۸Լµĺ·
ٶҪ죬򡭡
һҧƬĿռдܿ㷢һĵײƺһЩ
Ͷ뵽֮УȻںײһιţιŲ֪ͨη϶뿪ռǾͶˡ
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997 Եо
һĳ֮С
֮⣬ȫǰããһƬ֪ЩʲôڵƽգҲԳκͺӣֻڳճ䣬Ϣ
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˼ܿʹӴлعʼʩչƿط
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ܿ͸ое룬һΰ׳۵ĽУʹһιţǽػţҪȥס
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Լ״̬ǳΨһƾľǿˣǣǷҪƾӲ
ΣڵϦ˷̫ʱ䣬綼һӣֻӲһ·ˣ
ܿ¶˾ģųĵýѸȥܿ͵ſڣ׵ǰҪǰС
ὫǷ
ǿһƣֱӾƷýУ
һĻΧ˵ĺ˳ӿ뽫ץס
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г˼ţĵռ䣬һƬɽҰ֣Ƭ岼Ųԭʼ䣬һЩҰޣԭʼ乲澺ܡ
Ѱιţ
֪ԼӦʲôһʱ俪ʼϣҵιţ뿪ռȥһռ䡣

ιŵ֮䴩еʱ磬ѩ۹۳ǣѾʷΣ
޾ڹ֮ڴԵһ·ӣӽ˳۳ǵİ֮ڣ
վڳ۳ǵĳǽ֮ϣͨ߶ܼһƬɭȻڵԼ֮зŵһͷͷԶž꣡
̷ˣĳʱһЩ͵Զž꣬ɶؾ갡
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ǵ۾޻壬Ҳûô͵ЩԶžǰһۡ
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ѰޣЩԶžΪЩԶž꣬ÿһͷǰؾĴڣκһͷڶӵһС磡
ȻСѾ𣬵䱻չ֮ʵҲԶκε۾εߵġ
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۵״ӣһ֮ǰ̤ǵ۾ĲΣͻᱻߣȻͨɫӰӣ¥ɽϵ󲿣̷͵֮ûκֱӰԵĽߣҪߣ󲿵սʿ
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998 ʮ
磬ѩ۹飬Ȼ֪ȴҲ֪ڱѩ۹϶̫
ԣٶȣͨƿطѰŴڸеιţ֮ͨеʮռ䣡
ͨʮιţ˾İµĺ򣬲Ҳ֪ˣھİµڶ㹬µģһжƷʮΡ
󣬿˵ǿʮǿռУߵ似ͨ޷ãұʮǿռ䣬ܹҵιţӶѳ
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״̬ʮΣᱻ£ȵʱ¶Ѿ֮ûˡ
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ڣûʲôоˣΪؼĻҪѹסİµȡʹֱǰС
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ҪѪɫĹѹסʱȴҲûʲô취

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ȣ̷͵֮ӵĲ赲޳Ҳܴ֮ΪǺ壻Σ˵̷͵ͻƵǵ۾Ҫɱ֮еЩؾ꣬ȫûκοԴڵġ
Ȼˣ̷͵쾿ȥĶ
˭֮ӹһʱ䣿
⣬ġ濵˵⣡
ţ鷳ˣ֮Ѿ۳ûǱȽϿ۳ǵ޳ˡ
ʱ˿̣޳ڴ޺ͼѾתƣ˱ѩ۹ĵط˻ֱӴȥʥǣϾʥбϣֻҪ㹻Ŀռ޾壬ǾͻὫ˴ȥʥǣֻʥǲΪȫĵط
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ڲǰһڻˣǶԹǴһȪŵ
濵ĻϦһ
Ȫŵŵټ޹ŵŵƺͿԽһȽϲȱǿˣ


999 ȱ֮
µľʹֿԷӳǿʵӵеŵʵҲһϵеϹżƷս
ŵĻԲһǳǿķǷȫʢʱڶ޷ƿɼֲ
ϦʹģҸ߹濡
Ϧ贫ŵ濴޹ŵټһһлȪŵĻŵһȱķ
Ȼŵǿ󣬵֮ӣӦҲһЩЧġ
޳ϣŵԳ壬ҪȫϽɷԾûбҪķˣҲûʲô˿
ڿ֮ĵطнޡż׷ˣһͣ벽
һ׼ˣɱȥ
濽ڶ𣬶еĶһ˵
һ˵ͷû˵һֱǶƴӵġ
ϦҲԼŵɳ޳ǣ޳⣬ʾ۾ĸ̫ˣȽЩȫɱ˵
޹ŵɱ
̧ʩչֶΣ޹ŵбһɱ֮ӿ˳Щϣǵ۾ĸ꣬һ¶Ϊܡ
Ҫ۾ĸ꣬⿿һ˿ɻ
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ѾһεЩ꣬η壬Ȼֲδȫ꣬ȴҲʣµЩʹ䳯޳Զ˿ȥ
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Яŵɵ˳ȥʱ˿̣֮޳ǻʣ°ҵľ롣
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Ϧһ¾ǿȣһ˵
ֻϧǲȱķҪһŵĻ¾ܽ޷Ƶķˡ
Щϧ
ŵڲ֪ʲôطʱܹڰɡ
Ϧ˵ͷ˵Ҳеϧ
ŵɵķվֻǲȱģֵܹ֮ʱ䣬ѾǳǵԤˡ
ڣϦǺӦھİ֮Уֻǲ֪ûʲôΣգֹܷ֮ӣ
飬ֻϦһ֪Ϊεľһ棬֪Ҳûʲôá

Ϧ֪ǣھİµ㣬С͹У
һѪɫԣǾİµĺģһʯһҩƿװö޾ҩΧѪɫıڻϣŸѪ֮ɫı
ѾұС͹ֻз֮ǰɻ᲻Ǳڻлأͨһطͨһʱ˸飬ûҵڻκλء
ȴԿ϶ڻӦһЩŹֵģΪڻʱ򣬴иܵһ˿ϤϢ͸
Ϣо֮ǰյеϢ̺ž۵ıԴϢ
ȴ֪νϢӱڻճ
ٻһʱоڻûʲôֻȷ޾ҩһˡ
ţоһѪɫıڻ
֪ڻϿ̻źܶѪɫıǹꪡȵӦоУЩƺһ˸о·ĳ
ʶص۲ЩþӡǵϢȥ룬ֻϧôԴЩͼЩѪɫıûκηӦ
Ȼо˾۵ıԴϢôڻп϶ǴһЩܣֻûֶܷѡ
̧ͷһΧС͵óԲΣǽȫ̻ıڻ
о˱ڻϵѪɫҪʲôȴվûκη֡
ڣܵʱһȻڻ⣬Ϊʲôȴ۲һڻһҪȥ۲ЩڻеѪɫ
뷨ı˼άվС͵õ룬ʼ۲ڻΧǽڣһ
ڻ̻ڵõ컨ϡϡǽϡ
ڣУڻȴƽγһųĻԺеһЩڻ̻ŵѪɫȻǰһŵģ
Ѫɫƽ֮󣬾Ȼһض״Ǹ״һ˾֮УЩѪɫβȻγһѪɫͼ


1000 Ѫʥͼ
һĻʱ֮еѪɫڻͻȻ˱仯Ȼǽڡ桢컨һĻҾС
ٳΧȥΧǽϣﻹʲôѪɫͼȫֻʣһƬѪ֮ɫûκͼ
ˣ
еȻ֪ʲôȴܿ϶Ǿ۸Լµĺö
ͨӡǣܹܵ⻭еһеϢһԺѪʥͼ
޾ս
һ벻⻭Ȼһ޾ս
ʹ˵ֻһ޾似޾սȴδ˵ж٣ڿӵе޾սٰ
ȫ޸Ļ޾ƷսǰΪѪʥͼѪɫȻͬһ޾սȻֻ޾Ʒȴӹɣ
ȻȲ̫Ʒ̫ƷֶǱ޾սԸ㵽ֵģ̫Ʒ֮£޾սѾǿĴˡ
ƺ̫Ʒľѷǳѣ޾սϵȽϸߵĲΣǳԽ˾Ѳβߵ̫Ʒġ
ôܹõѪʥͼ޾ս˵֮ϲ
رǣս֮УȻ̺Ųپ۵ıԴϢ͸ܹٵˡ
۵ıԴϢѸգոľӡǡǲ֪Ѫʥͼжپ۵ıԴϢ
ţȶʼĿѪʥͼеľ۱ԴϢ
оӡǵĴڣѪʥͼѾǾˣȥ̺ľ۱ԴϢ
Ѫʥͼ֮ڣ۵ıԴϢգԾӡҲյԽԽ࣬Ӱٷ֮ʮ˿ʼ
ٷ֮ʮš
ٷ֮ʮ

ٷ֮ʮ壡
գѪʥͼ֮еľ۱ԴϢȫգԾӡǵմﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣ
ʣһĽٽʡüʱ䣬վӡ˵һηԾ
ﵽ̶ȣѾķ֮һľӡǣоԾİµĺƺѾ˵ƵȻǺǿǻ˼ܹǿٿһ¾İµġ
ҪģȻѹƾİµþİԸٶ뿪
ֻҪ˫ԶİµϢҲӰ첻ˡ
û˷κʱ䣬ֱӿʼԾӡȥѹѪɫĹԣҲǾİµĺġ
ʱѪɫĹԶȻ䰵һ˿յ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣȻܹѹסİµ
ѪɫĹԱ䰵һ˿֮İ³ȥ㱻һֱ֣ӵϵΣ΢õһЩ⡣
Χ֮ɢٶȣһӾͱԶĸٶȣҲ˲١
˵ʥУԭÿϰͷԶ긴գڣÿյ͵˰˾ʮͷֱ䣬ſʼʱ䣬ӦñøǿֲŶԣڣȴŬ±ˡ
֣ʥǺ˾ϲѣȻô̶ȵܾʲôȴ˿ϣ
¥ɽǲĲؾǿ߲ϵĺɱ£Ȼܹ֮ϳźȴһĵ
Щؾǿߣֲؾľʵ˲٣΢Щɻ󣬸ԽĿͶ֮УأɢѪȺľİ¡
ھİ£Щؾǿ߿ɲҹȥǸѪϢǾ񱩣շ裬¥ɽϿɲûй
İԱˡ
ؾǿǣܵһ㣬ҲȫҶԾİʲô뷨
ѩ۹޳⡣
Ӽˣžİµ֮ĳʼôǿңֵܼʱӳһ졣
ӦǱһЩչͰ硣
Ϧаţͬʱϴ߶ȥӹʹֵܹøã

İ֮У
ԣܿѪɫٴһ֣ʹİµһα
һЩģѪɫȫϨĻǾİµʧˣ
УİµĺľԲȥ
֪۵ߴͨγ˾ĽߴأͬʱҲǾĽߴ֧άĽƽ⡣
İµͻȻǿѹסˣ᲻ᵼʲôԤϵı仯
⣬òǵ⣡
һƻߴ֧Ҳߴصƽ⣬Ľңǿɾ͵òʧˣΪǺܻ֮Ӹء
֮ǰһ㣬ڿӦûʲô⣬İµĺĲűѹס˰ٷ֮Ӱ첻󣬶ôѹƣݵôԶľ룬Ӱ󣡡
˼һȻˣͽİµѹưٷ֮壬̶ȵӦϺܶ౶ˡ
Ͼİº֮Զģѹưٷ֮մݵϵٱԭ֮һ
ĻϺܶ࣬ҲܹԽİ¾طߣ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣӦܹǿһġ
ѹƾİͬʱ΢оһǼ޾սѪʥͼ
һһսѪʥͼУԻûָѪɫǹꪡ϶Ƶȵȣȫԡ
޾սпܵõģ
޾սҩ似صǿƱҪõĻʮҲţһǱԼǿĶ֣пܽնɱ
޾սǿ֮ⲻǵÿҪսϳ̶ȡ
ʣ޾սϳ̶Խߣ߶սʱԽпܱǿ
޾ҩѾù٣õһöҩ൱ڷö;֮ľõܴ
޾սȴδʶ䱬
޾ս֮һѪʥͼһǶϿʥȪǰһͷսսӡ˵ġ
ڣϿʥȪУѾǿһɱﵣؼʱ̱˲ɱ֣ҶԷ֪ôġ
ڵõѪʥͼսضһ
ѹƾİµٶȲ죬ڼҪѶپֻҪԾӡȥѹƾͿˣҲ˼оѪʥͼ
ϧȴû취ѪʥͼоһѪʥͼ֮Ϳʼ˼֮ǰ
Ʒɺ֮ѪƷʮΣ
Ҳûʲô£ͿʼֶΣʡһʱһ㡣


1001 
ĲŬʱ󣬾İµĺڱѹס˰ٷ֮Ҳ͵ϵİֱ伸屶
ԭʥУԶžĸٶÿһһͷĻʥÿֻʣ¶ʮͷʮͷʵҲ֮ǰһЩ
֮Ѿȫֹͣ˳ӣΪ֮Ѿûиؾ긴գ뿪̤֮ľ꣬Ҳʼȥ
һ˶ϲĪ
˰ڣȫ˿ڰֱǿȣ˵ʷ͵㣬Ѿ̫вˡ
ѩ۹޳ڣҲȸԾգĵֵס֮ӣֵסͷͷ룬һ̣㿪ʼɢȥ
ĴΣˡ
ϣϦ֮⣬ûκ֪ô£Ҳ΢֪һ㣬ȴҲ֪壬ֻ֪пܺйء
ǴæǶʮؾǿߣеŹ֣۲˺üξİ£ȴû취ʲôֵĵط
İµȻȴ࣬ǻǲҴȥ

İУڽ˰ٷ֮֮󣬱ûмȥǿʼԽİµλŲһ¡
İ±ѸƶУаʱͻ᳹׶ûӰˣٶȱøһЩ÷ʲô֮ı仯
߶ӡǣӡǵİµĺϣȻ󲻶ϷҪþİٶȼӿ죡
ܵӡǵİµƶٶȣȻʼ죬Ըٶȣķߡ
Ȼٶȼӿֻһ㣬ȥҲþİ֮ͳӰ췶Χ
У
ǶƷʮΣһֶΣرڶԸȽ϶Ķֵʱдá
ʮεٶȣ൱ģ֮ǰʱ䣬ѾһС룬Žȥаʱȫˡ
ʱ䣬պáȾİµΣ͸һǸǷֲĻʹˣ
ţһ˿ɱ⡣
˭ֻҪǸҶ֣ˡֻҪ㹻ʵضҪѪծѪ
֮ǰĴɱжУͳ˶ûʲôˣΪպڳҪڵĻ룡
ʱ䣬İ¼٣İ³Ӱ췶Χִ֮߶İ½м١
˵һƿߴˣڶԾӡǵղλܵͣɲΪĽĻҡ
ԣȻİ¼뿪ˣ뿪֮󣬵ȻҪٶȽʹٶУóʲô⡣
ֹ֮ڽİµٶȼԭĳ̶ȣһжָ
ʱ˿̣ѾȫİˣΪѾ̫Զˣİµ̫󣬺Ȼûȡ
ʱҲڽƷʮȫϣ
һΪϵԣԪģ˴ȫϣҶﵽ弶ϣԲǿʩչʮ
Ԫϳ̶ԽߣʮεԽǿ󣬲ˣƾ䱾ǶƷƷ˵Ǽƽġ
չ
İѾֱָӦҲѾϣƶڽؽ
緶Χڣ϶кܶ޸ڣҪ˳ȥ۵״ӦҲɡҪĻõĻˣ
ţδ뿪İ£ǲУȡö޾ҩȷһö
һö޾ҩĵҩҩټǳЧı
ֱӴӷԲ￪ʼţһǧǧֱǧö޾ҩҩЧֹͣ
ۣµĶǱ󰡣ȻԼҲ֪ЩҰɡ
ŷ˵ڶö޾ҩһεҩĵҩҩһλ˿ֲ

κ˵ŵﶼһΪ̤˵۾ڵ磡
ޱĴԻļӳɣһ̨ףȫͬ£۾ڵޣǿȶ൱ڵ۾޵
ڣͻǿȵ
ǿѰǿȣȫͬˣǿȣԶޣǿȾ͸޶Īˡ
Ҫ˵ûʲô߶似ˣ磬ﵽǿȵģҲָġ
֮Ҳõǿ϶Ծӡ˸࣬Ӧûˡ
뿪˾İ£ʼϴ͹
֮ǰһ۾İ£ֱȷûκ֮Ŵ޾սѪʥͼ뿪Ƭ޵Ŀռ䡣
ʮδ֮Ѿİˣ磬ǰÿδͣоͱԽ
ֱʮߴ֮һͷӿڵ֮У
ʱ˿̣ڸովһΰֱ䣬Ƭ֮ȻڷǳԾ״̬У֮УвپεţЩûκʶֻб֮ܵУɺ͸ܵ
ʴˣЩ½֮εֱԵɺ뿪֮ϣֱײɱ
ߴУ۶׼ŶĻƬַ֮ʲôеĻǱ
̲ס뵽
֮һƬããɭȻ۶ɣһܣвʲôĻҪôܹҵ
ǣǽӡȫ˲аɣ
ҡҡͷʱûж룬ٴδͣصǧٿ׵֮ϣ
һҵİֱ䣬ټ֮Ϯʧǳأޡƽաɽ޶ʧȥ
ڣ֯ؽʱ̡
ݣ
صϣ̾ͱΪһͷѩ׵ߣȻ߶֮Ŀ꣺
ݣ׵۵ϯ״ӣʵӦܹԸˣڴ֮ǰȻȷǷ֮ǰǼµĻʹС


1002 ׵
֮ԴԴĽٵĴѰҾ޸նɱϣ
ڵֱ֮˸ľӡǣӾĽ޾֮У޾֮뵽֮Уֱ֮ǿʮ࣡
Ϊд˵ȥҪ֪Ƕǵ۾ǿڣ
ˣݳйϢǷǳģһ˼֮ѳһöҩ¡
öҩһö̫żƷҩ֮ǿ
öҩҩЧݳйһЩϸϢ磬ֲһֲһıʲôȻֲ׾һɱ֯ͷǰɱ֮֯ˣǺ´̿һ
һȫȷָʹֲ׹װɱĻԪף
ֲձֵˣ
ԥĽһռ䴫ͨһ̤УѾ仯Ϊͷߵ˲ԭʧ˴ʱ˿ڵĵط
һӾ˵ĵ۾ޣڿϲԵĸɱʣԶž޸ꡣ
ʼʱѾҪֿϵ֮Ȼ֮ȴȲĳЩϢֱй©֪
ǰ˽ʱʱ䣬Ͼֲףһǵ۾εǿߣʵҪҲûôס
ʱ֮ڣûʲôһֱڵֿݣľ۾ǿڱ
ΪǿԼ˵ԼѾ˶ˣȻҪԣζҪ赲ԷݲУ
ҵ֣û취ԷݵʱֻܽϢԶʥǵʦ׵ۣϣ׵ۼ̳Լ
Ȼ֪˭⣬ԷȻܹݳϢɼʵ֮£׵æˡ
ڣڵλ൱ƫƧ˴ͷ󣬶ʱ·;
׵۸ϹٻҪʱʱ䣡
ĳЩռ䴫սҪʱѾٶˡ
ûãǸҵ˿϶ôʱߣҺʦϣӦþͲʲôΣˡ
뵽
Ҳô磬˵֮ǰһֱ˵Ҳ޼յĽݳʲôϢϾǶǵ۾ǿڣ
ڣȴֱݳһϢ
˲֮ǰʥ֮ڱδ֪ɱ˲նɱֲףֲףƺҲǸ֮ܵȻһӳ֣ͻȻնɱ
ѵҵˣնɱֲ֮ˣ
뵽ɱһұˣƾʦ׵۴֮ض޻أ
Ϊ׼ȴ֪ҪϵԱֻҪһ˲ʱ䣡
֪ͨ׵һʱ֮һͷ׵ӰϢĳ˲Զ
һĻһ
˭
Ѿԭפȴ׵۵ĵˣȴû뵽һ˹ͻȻͳԱߣԤףϢĿƺˣ
ɱˡ
һϵߵ˫дɱ⣡
ߵȻˣֻϧ԰Ӱ֮αװӣ˸ֲʵݣ
¡
Ի˵ĵ۾ǿߣüͷ΢΢һ壬һ̧֣Ǹɹʮγ֣
ʮιţ˲併٣ƷĿֲܣ˲Ǿ۾ǿ߱Уױʮ֮У
ʮΣһ󣬱ӡе߲ʲôΣգһʱڽᱻУʲôˡ
һоֻʣһˣȫʮС
һս
΢΢еѪʥͼͬһһӿѪɫӽ˰Χм䣡
һΪ˭ȻֻǸ۾ڵͷ
ȵ磬Ľ֮΢΢Щ⣬Ȼͷܿ£ŻսƺǿֻҪֻе۾ڣôҲֵܹסԷһӡ
ֻҪ׵һ֣˱ضǶ֣
֮ɢ
һգʱһɫ֮бɢ˲䳯Χɱǧǧɫÿһɫܹɱһ۾ڲεǿߣ
ˣֶѪɫһǳǿսҪȽ
֮ɢлʵͨһʩչӶ϶ɵĿֲֶΣ
ǵ۾εǿлʵͨʩչֶΣضǻأǺΡɽϣܽһǧɸߵĸɽ׷ˣ
ֶΣԻֶĻսˡ
Ȼȴ֪Ѫʥͼ޾ս
޾ս̺޾ģһ˵Ƕǵ۾εǵ۾εǿߣһֵܹס
ȻҪ޾սôǿƾڵܣҪƾһоͻѪʥͼȴȫܵġ
Ѫͼ
ƮȻ˫Ѫ⣬һ̣·ܵһ˿ѪʥͼȥһѪɫͼ˳γһѪɫ񷣬У
Ѫͼȫʩչǧǧɫȫס
죬ɢѪɫѪͼ޾ɫĺѡ߽⣬ȻǱˣ
һ˫ʵͨϵʽȴҲֱƽ⣬ûܹвѪʥͼһ˿һ
ʲôս
ϸֳһĨ֮ɫǴδǿֶΣ⻹һ۾ڵͷʩչ
̫żսҲû
ǵ۾ڵֵ̫żƷƷսƾ˫ػʵͨǧǧɫȻ޷ƻս壬ȴܹ䳹ѹơ
ڣȴѪɫͼѹסǰȫˣ
׵磡
ֻһ̾ͷӦ˹һɫ˲ֳ֣һɫâ۳һϸСĵ⣬Ѫʥͼֱ
һɫ׹⣬ϸޱȾ˵ĵزѾ޷塢Ψʶܹ̽Լܵڣ
ٶȣһָ׵Чһϸ磬Դ͸ϵľϣƻϻֵľս
Ϊһ׹ϸС˼£䴩͸ҲǴﵽ˼£ķ˵׵ĽҪǿ̫ࡣ
׵磬նɱصǰǿߣ


1003 ʥȪ
׵ͻȻкܴģʱ׵ûʧܹģڣҲӦһŶԣܽԷѪɫսƿһ󶴰ɣ
Ȼʵʧˡ
һϸС磬Я͸֮Ѫʥͼ֮ϣȻѪʥͼգɢŻΧ֮ϣ
һѪʥͼǺˣ
Ҫ֪׵һϸ׵磬ȫһ㣬ǿĴ͸ƻ
ڣѪʥͼȻܽκνٵĹɢͼķΧҲ˵Ѫʥͼµľֵ㴩͸͵Ĺˣ
׵ǿѪʥͼ˵ʵ̫ˣɢ£ûܶѪʥͼκˡ
Ϊϲô˵ѪʥͼǸǿսһ޾ս
ѪʥͼϵѪͼƱ̬ǵ۾Ƕ޷ƻ
ǶԷؾĴڣԲƿѪʥͼķ
ȻԷǵ۾εĴڣѪʥͼһΣܽȫĹˣܸκλᡣ
Ҳǵ۾εǿ֮ʱ΢һԱֶΣͬ׶֮ʱõĳһ㡣
Ȼڣ˵ѾûʲôˣΪδȥ磬Ȼֵֻܵ۾ǿߵȫһˡ
ڵ˵ûʲôˡ
Ѫǹͼ
ûж룬ֱӴ߶ѪʥͼеһͼһѪɫǹӻзɳȻϮȥ
׻ƣ
δϾǶǵ۾εĴڣʵӹɣȡһ̫żƷս׵۳ɻΧһɢϴ޾Ĵ͸
̫żƷս׻ܹͷų͸һеĵӶֵκηֵ֮ϣ
ֶҲһбһ̽ʵȷ֮һɱﵶʩչ˳
Ȼ̫żսˣ׶εϣԷӳ̫żսһ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴȫ㲻Է׻̫죬˲ȻϣȫΧһ״֮У
׵֮żΪֲ貣Ҫ˵Ѱĵ۾ޣһǵ۾ǵ۾εǿߣһ׻УǲҲзϵĲ³
ۿһж֣Ѿ¶һ˿΢ЦվֻǸ۾ڵͷ
Ȼһ̣ȴ۾Щŵڵķ
ۼ׻۵Ŀֲ֮͸ѪɫֱӺͷϣΪͷȫӰһ㣿
ȫ£ȫĵΧݲһĵ۾ߣȽǿޣ϶Ǽֲסͱ׵⽹ˡ
ȴ壬Ѿ̫żƷ似Բľ磡
ڼ˶ĥͲض˵ˣĺôͬҪǿٶʮ
ȻټùϹŹƵ൤ҩҲǿǿȣױȣ
Ψһ벻׵ǣŻʾε׻ʣôӵôֲǿȣͬҪǿϲ١
׵׻ʾȥĶڿɲоµʱ
ȻܿͻὫɱɲʩչԼ似ֶΣñǿ߽ݳһЩ
ƾֵ׻սĳȻ򵥣ȴҲܵˣҲȥˡ
Ѫͼ
һҪٽһ棬ҲҪһѪʥͼĸֶΣͼԴ߶ͼͬѪɫԸˣвͬЧ
ѪͼܹɢһƬϣ൱ѪǹͼһѪɫǹ֡
ֻϧŵѪɫǹʩչһе۵ֵͨϾŸոյõѪʥͼ߶رǿƣ۵ֵͨˡ
ԣٴδ߶һѪͼ
ѪɫȻչȫ׹˸˫Ŀж˸׹⡣
ҵġ֮ͫ
˫ȫ׹⣬һ׹⣬ñסĿռ䶼һ˿ȻӿһƬ˲Ӱ쵽ľ棡
֮ͫΪǵ۾һе۵ͨһе۵ͨѾʩչסѪǹͼһ֮ͫһӾͰһþ֮У
üͷ΢壬û뵽ֶξȻ⣬ܽľһþ֮С
Ҳʱ˫Ŀ˲ΪֱþеġȻǸǿʾһǸԭ״ӵ
ʲôͷ׵ͷ
һԭ
ʩչʲôֶΣȻôǿҶûܹ
ɫ䣬û뵽ͷӵʵݾȻҪ֮ͫľ޷һ㡣
𣿼ȻˣҲÿЩˡ
ɱһ˲ֵ˼ѪʥͼԺ飬ǲɱϢҪعȥ
ʵݵʱԥֱͷų鱾Դ֮ϢȻȫסǣ
ˣڵңʩչ屾Դ֮ǳѹûκΰ취ֹϢݳȥô˻ᣬֱӽնɱ
֮ɫ˫ּѾǳɫˮһ˲仯ǳɫذףʧ١
Ͽվɱ
ɣ
ݱ¶Σһ̣ʶϿʥȪǰϣȻ޾սϿʥȪһ˿ϣ
Ϲ
ͬʱɶϿʥȪ̫ż似ϿվɱҲ̤˴֮
ɡɣ
ɱɶϿʥȪɵ֮Уת˲նҽŵһն飡
ͻȻʱϿʥȪϹҽϿվɱɾ磬һУû취նɱ
ڣ֮г״͸ǵ۾εǿߺնɱ
׻׵磬׵۵ĶͲҪȥˡ֮ԴͶϿʥȪϢ뾡ܵڸǵҵݻǺпܱ¶
ţ֪ҪԼݱ¶»ܴ鷳
۲⣬ؼǣ¥ɽϵؾǿߣ
ҪǱǷֵĻ޴ӣϾڵؾӵЩֶζȫԷŸˡ
Բؾǿ֪
ôβܹصոʩչľ鱾Դ֮ԼϿʥȪϢ
ĿͶѪʥͼ


1004 ۾С
Ѫʥͼ֮ϣ̻ıģЩ֮ܳΪ
磬Ĵ֮£ȻѪʥͼҵһһͼȻ߶ʱһ紵
Ѫʥͼ
֪һͼƣͬʱ֪ЧպʺڵѪʥͼĨĳطеۼ
˵ۼĨ֮󣬾֮޷ݳʲô飬ΪһкۼĨˣ
⣬պʺڴ߶
Ѫʥͼüα߶ĵͦ󣬲ȴǱҪ飬һ֮󣬳еľıԴϿʥȪϢһʱȫĨ
ڱʮιе˳ԱöԸˣϾԷûзʲô󣬲ûǵ
ؼǣԷĴڶ˵û˿вûҪɱ޹֮ˡ
һֱ֮Ӵ뿪ڣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣԼ˸ƻ
Ҫȫľӡǣûô죬ǿȳԽʥﶼѼ
νġ塱塢塢塢ȵһбΪ࣬Щǲǿ壬ʥضͬ졣
Ȼڵõʥ֪ʲôãʥѼûʲô
ȻҪǰߴе༸ǷвʲôµĶǳģǵõ˾µһЩھǵ۾ڵĲΡ

뿪ɱ֮Űʱʦ׵ۣ
ȫܲһ˿һսĺۼϢӰȫʧˣ׵ɫһ
Уֻʣ¾˵ĵ۾ǿߣ˲ݵϣһûκʶ
뿪ʱʮιջأȻȫػԣûԼһ˿һĺۼ
ԣ׵ǰȫ֪߷ʲô顣
ܿ죬Ǿ˵ĵ۾ǿѹ׵ѯһȴֻһ׷֣߳ȻǾͱĳĵط޷ѣ˹ȥ֮ȴѾˡ
ȥĶ
׵̧ͷ죬뵽ǰһʱʥз飬ĵ״ֲףͬҲǱĪɱԷӰӶûץݶݲκϢ
Сӣѵǵʲôǵˣ
׵۽üͷȻ˻ִ뿪
֮ǰǵˣֲϵһɱ֯ɱ֯˶Աѩ۹ͳڹؼĴɱȴȫûеóѣȻֲ׾ͱɱˡ
ô˵ɱֲ׵ˣͳЩؼйأ
׵ȥҲֻ뵽һˣȴѾܾûгֹˣɱֲ׵ĻǸˣ̫ܻʩչֶҲĲһ
׵ȥ벻ֻͨȴ˻ȥˡ
ܿ죬¥ɽϾһ۾С֮ϣʥУ۾СӣģΪ˰ֱ֮¥ɽϷ֣⿿Ѿû취ѹһЩˡ
ʵϣҪǣֱȻǿȻĪˣ¥ɽϸ߲ע¥ɽϸ߲㣬ǲһ۾Сӣפ˵ͬʱκοɵ
۾Сӵĵ綼ûʲôӰ죬ۣѼǵĳ֣۾Сܹ˶֪
й۾СӵһУԵ÷ǳأ
ֻ֪ʲôش鼴ˣȴ֪ʲô۾Сӡ
Ȼ֪۾Сӵĵ
հٷ֮ʮľӡǣܸܵؾĴڳ֣ûдﵽؾĴǸܲġ
ȥһʱ䣬緶Χӡǣڼ侭˺ܶصϹżЩϹżλȫһöУȻһʱ򵽱ѩ۹
ڵıѩ۹ؽУֻϧ̷͵ȫʧˣһҲǵ֪ˣδǰ
̷͵ʧ٣Ҳ֪˭ΪڵֶΣ޷κνǻھĽУȻոľӡǣܸܵĶ
ţҪǾĽڲǾͶѾ뿪˾Ľ磬ߵɣ
֮˻Ϊǿ֮ݣܹܵԷţȴһ㼫ǿҵ谭˵ݡ
ͨǿҵϣоԼ֮뿪˾ĽķΧ
ΣڲֻܸȼԼļƻ
ЩصϹżλõͻصѩ۹֪ߵõЩϹżϢȻǰ̽
¹˶ãϵϹżᱻ֣Ȼͻصѩ۹Ǳȥ
ʱ򣬱ѩ۹ʵԻԶʥǸʮпȼ磡
ȫõ˾Ľ磬ĽôۣΪʷʱϣ趨һµĹƶȡ
뵽
ٷ֮վӡܹ֮ƿؾĽһУؾǿĽ磬ܵѹơ
ӵС֮ǿ֮
ڻиʣҪȫƿ˾ӡǣĽӵΪСĻĻһ磬ΪʲôĴڣ
᲻ᣬܹΪӵСߣ
Ǵû˵ġ
ʼ֮ϣѩ۹ķչҲϣչٶȷǳֲȻû̷͵죬ѩ۹ʵȴȰֱ֮ʱǿˡ
˰֮ҵ˱ʥ
ʱڣʱעڱӡŵ֮ͨĶ֮ͨڱӡڼ䣬Ȼڲϱ״̬С
ʱ䣬ѾΪʵ֮ͨͨȻͨһڱ
˵ʵǺõģ֮ͨа취ܹǿֻҪʲôԵĴ˾Ϳˡ
־ʯͷʲôȻӵ˿ֲЧܽеаȡǿɺñ˵䣿
ϻһöʯͷأԴ˵ǲһЩ뷨ֽ׶϶Ƕʯͷûκΰ취ġ
ȱʥﵽ֣һǰһܲܵõ֮صҲ֪֮ڼزܳʯͷаӡ
ţһƬãã޼ʵıԭϡ
ԭϣû̫ı޴ڣʱȴܵ˺֮ǰʥĸо


1005 ʥ
ڸоʥʱհٷ֮ľӡǣڣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣ֮ǰǿ屶
⣬Աʥĸ֪Χ֮ǰԶ࣬ڣ΢ܵһ˿ʥϢǱʥڴ»ǧ֮⡣
ֻҪ˳ϢѰҹȥܹҵʥˡ
ʥڴĸۼǿޣʥ︽ȴûгκαޣıȺ䣬֮⡣
Щɻ󣬿Щ壬ʥҲûôУֲ鲼ŸȺǵȷȷԼڵʥﱻ۲˺δ
ǰܿ죬͸ܵһǰһ׵ĺԨǰ
ʥԨ֮У⸽ȷûбڣǴ򿪲бʥռ䣬ͻܶޡ뾡жС
ӡǣѾķ֣ʥԨ֮£֪ڶĵط
ûж룬ֱźԨ·ȥҷṳ̂۾εߣһСξܲˣᱻѷֱ˺ɷ顣
ãǿʹﵽ˵۾Σѷ컹ĳܷΧ֮ڡ
λò룬ӭĺҷңƤʼЩѿɺѪ˿

½һֻܱ֮ƵĴ߶ԽԽǿĺҷһһſֵס
½֮󣬾ѾȫֵסҷϮˣֻʩչףȫλֵźϮ
֮߶ѪʥͼѪͼֻ֮ܲУ߶˾½
ɵ֮£ڸоԨĵײ
һȻ죬Ԩ֮ףطѾ֮ǰʥڵĵ¿ռˣ޾ɱΪֲܹһݡռĵ
طֻгǵ۾ĴڣпѰǵ۾εǿᱻƬʬǣ
ֲãطûбǷ֣¥ɽӦǲǿطֻԨײûκмֵĶǿҲ뿪ˡǿ벻ʥͱ
оâٶȴԨײĿռ䣬Ȼеıʥȡߣ
ʱ䣬Ѿӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮǳʥԨ·ֻԨײǼΪӲĺǵ۾ζ޷俪ؾǿ߶ֻܻ俪һ俪һ㣬̾ͻٴνɺ
ֻһְ취ܹͨԨײĺǾþȥʴ
ǾǰİţԵĴ⺮ԨĵײʱЩ㿪ʼڻȫûٽɺơ
֮ɹþĴͨһʮɵĺܹͨǰԨײ֮µռ䣡
طȻĽռ޷ãʵĿռǱԷ޷áҵжٶȱҪ죬һ˶סͨԼȥˡ
ţһ̤˺֮ͨУŵ֮Ѹٻȥ
֮⣬һ˿˿ϢӺͨײ͸ɢȥڱʥ
£ܿͻһȺޱıޣ϶޷ͨԨ
ûдﵽǵ۾εıޣֱӾͻᱻԨеϯȵ޵ǵ۾εǿ߹Ѿȡ˱ʥ
һ֣˭޷ͻĽƣ֪ʥڣ
·ʮɣܿ͵˱µһƬ¿ռ䣬¿ռУϢΪŨһﶼᱻɺ
Ҳʱ̱׵˫طܱ֤Լɱ
¿ռֻ㣬ûк֮ĴڣҪǿԽõûСҲ֪ôģѵãȡʥʱ򣬽ֹܹ
ţŻ˾۵뷨
ʥĲռУǵ۾εĵػǾ۸Լʱ׼
ʥۿҪȵԼʵһ̶֮ȡߵģ˲ûκη
˵һϢΪһûʲôֿ
Ҫ֪ܹԽԨģٶǵ۾εĴڣ⣬һ׾żһܹԸĴڣҪǵ۾ǵ۾εĺ׾żֵֻܵʱѡ
ȴδ̫ԼİΣǿ첽ŵ¿ռȥ
Ϊиɱﵣ۶߱ģǾǰӰ֮飡
Ӱ֮ͨαװʽĴڣӶηǳһֶΣ
֮£ռ䡣
һռڣֱӷŲϹż̫żҩϧвٶѾùģٴηõЧ᲻Ǻܺá
ȻӵУκεҩЧܹȫգǿϺüĴηһöҩЧҲЩ˵ڶһηʱЧ
Щ̫żϹżҩȻȫˣʱûзãΪ֮кܶҪĵط
˵ҩ֮⣬һЩ似򣬻кüöɫͬʯͷЩʯͷ̺ŸֲͬԵϢ
Դ˻ΪϲģΪЩʯͷãĵϳ̶ȣ
ڣ˺ͰӰϵʮ֮⣬ĵϳ̶ȣǸպõ弶ˡ
ҪͰӰϵ˵ʮûʸ񡭡ϵ߲Σʩչ
رʺϿսĴ߶Ʒɺ֮ѪԼʺԪĴ߶ĶƷʮΡ
ȽЩɫʯͷ𣬲ûееΪ֪űʥϢй¶ȥڵĴȫ
һռеĶֱ̤֮˱µĵڶռ䡣
ռ룬ڼ˱ʥһ񣬵ģһС
û̺ϢֱҪΪһͷС͵ıˣҲ˵ʥģͱ޼ֱһģһȻ˴С֮⡣
ǿС͵߹ȥҪС
ҲʱͷĺԨڴͬѾۼ֮ıޣһͷͷǰ̵ĳźԨ£


1006 
ޣȻѾܵ˴ԨײʥϢȫۼ׷˺ԨҪõʥ
ֻϧ⸽ıޣȫǱȽĴڣ۾ı޶ûУһͷͷºԨֻ·һѡ
Ԩеĺûдﵽǵ۾εĴڣǽķܹȫͨ
ڱȺ֪ºԨʱѾöС͵С
֮ǰʥҲһ⾧ʯʥǺɫģ̺ԴȪ
õıޣһǳɫ񣬾Ǳ޵С棬ֺ̺ͬԵԴȪϧûа취ջеʱǲ֪ЩʥԼʲôá
Ȼ۽ܱǾͿ϶õģоԺܾ֪ˡ
֮ǰʥ֪ʲôãҪ֪Ĵ𰸣Ҫͦʱġ
ţΪֹԨ±۴ıѾȫȡˣԵǣδͷԴԴΧıȺѡ
ֻӰ֮ˡ
ţҪĺܶˡ
뿪Ԩ֮ǰȽǧö޾УֻҪҪʱʱԽգһٿʮȫ
ӺԨײǰ磬ǲٶˣҪȻ޷ֵĻȥж̫㡣
ԣΨһѡǻ
ƾ谵Ӱ֮飬ñΪȻƮȻֱϣ˱ɲɫ뿪ͬʱܵӰ졣
ΪĵܶŻȴһЩС
ʼˡ
Ǻͨ뿪Ȼȫ˲ɢһ˲֮лΪһɺ뵽˺Ԩ֮С
ϢģϳϿڶͬʱģȴǧö޾ƺǺܹ
õǣ֮ٶҲǺܿģûãѾܵбȻԱ˺飬ЩȫֻͨؾʾΪΣֿ˺Ϯ
ˡˡ
ȴЩ̶ʱڼһգŰӰ֮ٴηתαװһͷʾڲεıޣ
αװҪĵ֮ǰǧٱʱ˿ʱǲõȫľˡ
Χûע⵽ΪĻʾڱٶȷɵ˺Ԩ֮ϣȻԶѸٷ롣
ԼѾȫ˵ʱȴͻȻһ˿ַǳΣյԤС
á
Ȼ֪Σմʲôطǵһʱ˷Ӧ˻һ΢޵˲壬ɢ˰֮У
ţһֲĻֻһ˲Ԩڵĵطޣһɻĵɱһʬ嶼û¡
ǵ۾ǿߵĹ
Ϊһ΢ںһȫ뵽һֲĻ֮УĹѣһȫһˣûκȥʩչֶΡ
αװʯͷ
ķѵһ˿˿ǿαװһСʯͷڵϷ·𱻻濾һ㡭
αװαװĸСһԵģһʯͷԼĻβᷢ⾹Ȼһαװɡ
Ȼαװɾȱ㣬ǴﶼǷǳģڵ۾εǿ˵һ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ҪαװǿȽϸߵľôҪĵʼμȫһգαװһСʯͷѾǼˡ
ҪǻӡûбӡĻ㱬鼸ͼڣ˲ܳˡֻϧӡͨʯͷаӡˣ޷ã
ЩϧоüǿĴڣн䵽Ԩ֮ϡ
̽⣬Ҳоõǿߣǵ۾εʵ
αװʯͷ֮ûûӾһжֻ΢ĸ֪Ҫ˵صľƿأԷӵʲôʵ޷֪˵һĨڡ
ϣǲҪƻܡ
뵽
αװСʯͷƻĻô彫޴ӣʱǵ۾εĴڣûκλ·
ǵ۾εߣǴΪʲôΪʥϢɡ
Ķء
ܿܵñȽˣ⸽һ۾ǿߣƲƺŸļ۾ǿߡ
һ۾Сӣ
а룬¥ɽϾȻǲС磬ҪЩʲô飿
ӡ飬Ӧûûع⣬ô˵Щֻǹ̽һµġɴ˿ɼ¥ɽϵĸ߲ӦѾĽ쳣ֱڡ
ţøӾ
Ȼ¥ɽѾһЩ쳣ôжͱҪӽһЩһСģͻᱻ¥ɽϵ˴סʱôĶ֪
ӡǣ϶޷תƵϵģҪȻҲûҪˣȻˣ¥ɽҪץоӡֻѡˡ
һΪ¥ɽϷ񣬴Ӵʧȥɣһֱӽնɱ¡
һ֣Ҫģʱ˿̾ŶԷȥźãͰȫˡ
ڣڵһʱЩ۾ǿ߷׷׳Χɢ˿ȥҵһЩ
б޶նɱڱʥϢѾʧԲûı޹
ȵЩ۾ǿߵϢʧ֮΢˿ȴûд⣬ǼαװһСʯͷڰӰ֮ռУָ
ʱȥˡ
Щ۾ǿֻ⺮ԨüΣȴʼûܹĴڣҲûҵκǲ֪Ԩײıʥȥ
۾ǿߣƺȥԨײ϶һá
ӣ֪ȡ˱ʥ
ʱʱ䣬Ѿָˣαװһ΢磬ԶϷȥ
ڵ۾ǿǰֻһҲпܱǲֻȻĿ뿪ط
õǣƣܹһ֮ҪȻĻѾˡ


1007 ӡ
΢绺Ԩ۾С飬ʲôطұˣûҵκһ˿ĺۼ
ɫǳãǿ¥ɽǿߣôһСУȻа첻õ飿
õ۾Сӵǳŭõ۾С˲ҹֻҪҵһ˿һĺۼǾܹͨ˽ʵ
ǲæʱȴѾ΢紵˰֮⣬ȻαװһֻСԸٶȳԶߡ
˼ܿԶ뵽˺Ԩǧ֮⣬Ȼ߶ӡǣһռ䴫̤֮ͨ˲ʧ֪

֪ǵ۾СǲǻԿ϶ǣԷκõĶ
ǰķ򣬺ȻǾʮδ;֮ľռ䣡
ǾĽߴ֮һ֮ǰﱻ۵Ĳд壬Ϊʹĸ𣬷õ˾ӡǣӵƿĽ
ڣٴλصȻΪҪٴι۲֮ص
֮壬õΨһܹ֮ͨӡİ취֮ǰصʱˣԾӡǵҲˣ˵Ӧܹ֮صˡ
ʵ̫ˣԼûжģֻȥһ°ˡ
ܹ֮ôпܹ⿪ӡָͨʹá
ҪһֱȥĻͨͨˣҪ֪Ϊʵ֮ͨûùأȻͱˣ˭оܲˬܽĻЩĺá
;ܿͳǰ
ǴѰؾǿߣڵռ䣬Ϊ֮ǲĿռĸʴ̫ǿˣܴ
Ҳֻ¥ɽϵļλһ֣ܹһռͨͨУһֻʮܿһεģ˳ʱٰۻˡ
һλص˾ǰоޱȾͶɭʯһȫµĸо
˵֮ǰֻԾ˽һֵĻôڵԾƺһ֣ķֵĳ̶ȣ֮ǰǿı
ԱһԼں֮ǰһε״̬Բ²ѵΪ˾ӡǶٵԵʣ
֮ǰվӡǲֻ࣬һ㣬˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣԾĸȻҲһ㡣
ȻĻ½ӡȫգҲֻ򵽾ľţһë
ɴ˿ɼվӡǵĳ̶Խܹ࣬Խļ̳о֮ǰԾ
ԭˣ֮ǰҴӾ򵽾֮ǰصԼӾǴӾӡм̳İˡ
Ʋһ֮΢ЩʧϾΪԼ츳ء
Ȼ˵Ҳô
ڵĲΣҪеĶʵ̫ˣܴӾӡм̳о۵򣬿µ򲻳˿йؾ֮Ķ
Ҳ˵ֻҪհٷ֮ٵľӡǣҾܵõ۴ӾȫǼ˸˰
ʱ۷Ź⡣
Ӿ֮Ϳ֪۴Ӿ򵽵ĶԲ٣пطУǴӾġ
ҲͿԽͣΪʲô۶ʹǶҴˣΪǴӾģ˵Ǿĵˡ
˾֮;ƿ֮⣬ʣǸط˵Ҳܿյǲ֪ʲô
Դ˻൱ڴģĿǰȴûж룬ӡ򵽰ٷ֮ʮϣûһġ
ʱ˿̣еˣ֮صڵءص˵ָտɴˣпܵõһЩĶ
ܵõʲôͿǰӾʲôˡ
նھ͵ľǰͬһֻϸСһ㲻ֵһᣬȴеõ֮ıء
֮塭ص
֮ھջ񣬴еõ˾֮ص
Ȼû˷κʱ䣬ֱӿʼ֮ǰ˺ܶϹż̫żҩдӾİеõö޾ҩ
ЩҩžΪʱʹã
ȻϹż̫żĵҩܶùˣһЧģϾǾ۸ԼĵҩƷʻֵŵġ
ڣЩҩжһЩЧ磬Ըĵϳ̶ȡ֪ȡ֮ȵȡ
Щҩȥ˵ǴȫλȲܴı仯ǣö޾ҩֱӽ䵽ȫȥ֮塣
һ£ֱӽ֮˵صľ磡
˵صľ֮壬Ҫûôˣƿضһʱ򣬶ҷ˲޾ҩ
ο֮ȾƿҪĸɼΪطƷҪھƿصġ
̤֮صʱԭ֮ͨϵʯͷаڱɢھ֮ıȫʧˡ
ڽˡ
ĵ˵ͷڻûеļޡ
ҩˣ֮Ҳﵽˣʯͷĺ֢ҲˣǿԼ
Ȼ򵽾֮ءصҲû㹻ȥˣȽգȴʱ֮ȥҲǲѡ
ҲûʲôҪȥͿˡ
֮ء֮أصõˣȻˣǷҪʯͷһõ
Щԥȡһöʯͷ
֮ǰöʯͷ˺ܴţһʯͷе㲻̫е
Ȼ֮һ¥治ʯͷˡ
˰ɣⶫ̫ΣգȻ㹻һ̤֮ͨ۵֢ͨҲС
ջҡҡͷʯͷ뷨
еǼ֮ǰ뷨ܷʯͷеȥԸˣ
ҪܹеаӡܹԷͨĲΣöԷ»ǸΪֲֶΰ
öʯͷ׼Ȳо
ڣӾУ̳еһЩĶЩһ˾ĵԴ
⣬ҲǾ۴Ӿм̳еĵĶ
벻ڱм̳˳


1008 
õĶЩ𾪡
磬УȻҲ˾ľġ
ڴӾе֪ĵԴھĴߣ
Ĵ˭ûκ֪۶֪ǴӾ˾ģԲһǿմﵽӽĲΡ
еľģαıԴģҪ߳һƷǱΪʾģ
֮ΪʾΪεģǴ̫֮л
ʾԭʼ̫Ҫǿ
ԭľģʾ˵Ѿ˵һˣһ̫е֮
̫е֮ʹõ̫вӵе죬ı䣬ȷҲֻܹӵˣ
벻˵еĴڣֻǲ֪Щ龿ʲôطۣΪʲôᱻлɱ
֪ĳһЩʵʱȴиЩȴӾж޷õ𰸵ˡ
Ϊ¾Լ֪ΪʲôǵС
ӡǣ̳о۶ԾգԼһЩйؾϢȴܹ֪֮ǰ뷨Щʵ࣬ڵǴġ
ڵңؾԶأôʲôã
εҡҡͷȻԾ
ֻϧǣڶԾӡǵճ̶Ȼ㣬ƺܹӾʾľ
ٷ֮ʮľӡգֻܵõЩˣҪӾеõֻ࣬ܵӡո֮ˡ
ʱûʲô£ھĽе䣬ܲҵ֮ǰаɣһܿԾӡǵա
ţȻ߶ӡǣͨž֮ȥ
ĽУ޾գž˵͸ʱ䵹ǺܣƯȫη塣
ҪǻͨˣȫžĻк׻־⣬һǵ۾ֵطƯʱһ侫񶼿϶⡭
˵ȴòŵˣΪ־ͼΪǿ
ܿ죬뿪˾ڵĿռ䣬ʼھĽĴΪȷʲôطУֻһһ
΢еģ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣܹܵľĽķΧ֮ǰ࣬ѰҲɺܶࡣ
Ѱڼ䣬Ʒɺ֮ѪԼоһѪʥͼս
Լȥʱ䣬ƯѾԶľ룬Ʒɺ֮ѪˣܵԼ֮֮Уһƾ۵Ϣ
ѵУȥ
һʱ䷴Ӧ£Ҫеɹˡ
ԽǴϢոʱǹȻһУͬۻ󣬴׵ۡ׵ۺϦһع;һһģһ
УƺϴǸ̺ľϢŨһЩ
Ĳ̽һΧȷûʲôصΣ֮󣬱㳯ǵط˹ȥʼǸеľϢ
ʱ䣬ԾӡǵգѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮһһΣӦܹʮˡ
ȻϴεҪ࣡վӡԽڣҪľϢԽˣҪȫվӡǣƺѶȷǳ󡭡
һգһš
վӡǵǰٷ֮ʮͺٷ֮ʮҪʱ侹ȻȫͬѾǰٷ֮ʮˣҪպٷ֮ʮҪѰٱϵʱ䡣
Щơ
չ㣬ҪȫվӡǶҪ߰ʱ䣬ڻԽԽѣʱͱøԼˣõĻ»ϰ궼һܳɹ
رڼ䣬Բ¥ɽϵ˷κζߣ
Ļпܻûȫյӡǣֱˡ
ʮ
ʮ
Ȼֻյ˰ٷ֮ʮжյˣҪոľӡǣѶȽԽԽ
õǣܹ͸ܵеĴڣѰһĻչӦҲ̫
ңԾӡճ̶ܽõľĽҲԽԽǿ
Ȼ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣսʩչκֶζܴžĽļӳɣԭʮ
һΪֲ֣
򵥵˵ĽļӳɣʮĻ൱硭
֮ǰܹ֮ɵնɱ׵۵ϯ״̶ܴϾĽļӳɣʱʮ౶
ڵȻȻֻǵ۾ڵΪھĽУԶԸǵ۾ǿߣѰǵ۾ǿڣ
׼ٹһӣͰһ˫ĺ׾żԼ֣ȻڻУٵ̤һǵ۾ĲΣܹԶԸ׾żĻֻ˷Ѻ׾żļʱ䡣
ˣѰһ
У̱׼Ѱһ
ʱȴͻȻüͷΪͻȻһǿ֮ٵϣ֮Щ⡣
Ѱ֮ԻᱻµĽֱסһ֮ȻδܵĽֱϣ
֮Ժη
ʱޱȾ
ĽƶûκηӦҪôԷʵǳǿǿ˳Խĳ̶ȣҪôǶԷӵһЩֶΣܹƹֱݵϣ
붯֮ȥ˵֮ȶԷҪöˣܲʲôɣ
һ̣Ȼһ֮һֹͣˣȻֻʱ䣬ƺĲٹؼϢյˣ
ɴ˿ˣٴﵽǵ۾ĲΣ򲻿ôݳϢ
ڶԷͻȻˣ͸ˣû̫࣬̾ʼžڵĵطͨ
гǿ߽٣⣬Ľж˵ȫĵطֻߴˡ
ߴأؾǿ߶һ̤ģھߴ֮һȻǾˡ
Ȼûüͨ뿪ԭԶоͻȻ˸ռ䲨ƣ£ڶӣյС
ӣϵĺºͺɫ϶ûκεı־Ҫ˾ƿأֲ˶Է
˭
̾ʡ


1009 Ӱ
гֵ¶ӣδ֣ҲûʲôƮյУƺڴ
ᣬǿԹ̤봫ͨ뿪ȴԥһ£Ϊϣδܵʲôɱ⣬ĵⶼûС
ǵˣôˡˣ϶ģȻˣǾǾϵˣ
һ뵽һܡ
Ȼпˣ¥ɽϻ߾ϵˣαλҹ
οܹ˳ϢģҲֻɳˣпõˣĽƲһ㶼ûжġ
λǾϵˣ
뵽һ䣬ľѯֻȥһʱ䣬뵽ôණҴƲ˶Էݡ

һЦһǰ˵ûӵȷ򵥣Ȼ绹δﵽһĸ߶ȣӵͦʹġ
ӵĶţ״μĻʲô⡣
һ˵ЩɳˣǲȻˣҲͷˡҽһ£ǵȷǾ֮ˣǰǹ㡣
ңѵ¥ɽǱߣѾʲô
üͷ΢壬ʵ
ǻ֪ǰǹ㣬ӦпΣհɡ
ĶŵЦ˵ҽһ£ҽ˾Ԫףλеɣ֮һʱҪһɹˡ
벻ôӡ
ţһ¶Է磬ԼȻ޷ԷΪʲôֶοΪ
˵صľƿؿɲǸǵģԷӵһЩΪֶΣȴǱһЩߡ
ӣһ˾Ԫףһеɣ̤뵽ؾεĴڣΪϣܵЩ΢Ĵ֮
Ҳֻ̤ؾĴڣпӵд֮
Ҫ֪Щ֮ģ˵Ҫ̤ؾûʲôƿģˣҲǲڴ֮ġ
Էϴڴֻ֮һܣǾǶԷ̤ؾĴڡ
ؾĴڣİȫȷ㹻СĵģⷽҲܹȷ൱ӣԤʾżһЩΣսٵͷϡ
עġ
Ϊʲô
϶ǼΣˣ
ΣգԺη
϶¥ɽɡֻǲ֪¥ɽϵηпܴڵģ
оԼжѾǳСˣ¥ɽϵЩǣ˵ʲôֶ֪ΣܹһЩʲô
л˾Ԫǰǰǰ
˿
ԷԸԼģ㹻ˣԷӡȫ֮ǰ϶ᱣȫĻȥý
ؿҲΪԼ
˾Ԫɵ˵ߵļƻܹɹĽܹǾϣҺ͵ҲлҪܴʲôǰܴ󡣡
ȻˣھͿԴǹȥˡ
ЦһЦ˵
ȽԷס˵ҲϣԷһĸԼϾϻЩܴڵġ
簵Ӱ֮飬ͨĴھͻûκ֪ǳһˣδɳĻƾ谵Ӱ֮飬»Ⱦ۸ǿ
żڰոľӡǲҪġ
˾Ԫ׼ЦҲ̫Һ͵ɣǻڰб㣬ƽʱ򲻻ָԤжģֻҪ֪ǶߣӵбľʵֻҪȥԼľͿˡ
Ҫǵ¥ɽǿ߶׷ɱǻܱסң
Ц˵
һ仰ܡ
ȽϹԵĵɳƵ˵ǣûа취Ȼӡȫվ͵뿪ˣһؾĽļƻͳ
仰ݵġ
¥ɽϵǿ׷ɱ˶ܰȫĴҲ̫˼ˣ
Ȼ֪¥ɽежǿߣԹҲûô˵Ļɣ
Ȼ˵ⷬʹŴЩֶεģ
֮ǲһ¾ΪˣĳЩЩ֮ɡ
ˡ
˵ͷ
ոֻǿЦʵȻ޴ֱȥŭ¥ɽϵǿߣûκκô
Լİɡ
˾ԪЦһЦȻ˰֣ƺǶԵĵʾʲô
Ȼ󣬾ͼģ́һʱ
Ӱ𣡡
һɳƵӵ˲ʧһӰͺۼû¡
ֶΣʱ
ӰʲôֶΣƺҲͨһ֣ЧȴܽӵϢӰ˵صľƿأȫ˵κκۼ
ѵʱ뿪ˣ
ţȻҡҡͷԲڣԷ뿪ôΣյʱܹһʱϵֳ
Ҳ˵Ļڿ϶ڸй۲ΧһС
ӰֶμֱδţҪǶԷ״̬¶͵ϮĻض֮ء
ܿҲȻˡ
Ϊ뵽ԶԷ̤ؾĿֲʵҪԸĻֱӶˣαڣ
˶ֵĻûκεֿ
ԣ˵Ļ
ȻˣǼѰҰɣһ·ǰͷǷʲô
ҡҡͷֱӳߴصһأȥ
ڵĵطͨͣҪһֱɵĻҪʮʱ䣬ܹ
ȻôֱֱɹȥģеĸӦΧһһΪϹͨ
һһĴͣÿһطԲһΧûдڣУͣգûУǾͼǰ
һҪҲǰʱ飬ʱ䲻̣;ѰУҲͿԽˡ
˾Ԫ׺͵ǿߣ治֪ôԼģȴǿԿ϶ÿδ֮󣬶һεĿռԶӦþ˸ˡ
Ŀռǳ΢˵صľƿأֻǿӦһ㣬ʱԶ
ռֲ֮Ӱֶ֣Σʵ˾ȣģҪȻĶֵĻֱʱ̶޷ˡ


1010 
ʱ䣬һζ
ھĽ޾֮дУѰ̺žϢУջǲ٣ʮС
ЩУ̺ľϢж٣Ҳ൱յĵһôࡣ
ȻʮȫȥϰʱĻۣȻҲֻ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǡ
ҪȫվӡǣѶȷǳ
вõĸоΪڼ䣬˶˵¥ɽϵĴпʼ˾Ľ쳣ʱ䣬Ǻܶˡ
ԭʱ䲻٣վӡѶ󲻹ӵʱˣʱȴѾ൱ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰϵõʥʱǸ۾СӣȻ֮⣡
Ǿ۵ߴ֮ͨһǾĽߴأҲߴ֧֮һ
ΪͨʽǽУȻеɴ
ڣҪȥȻ֮ڵõǣ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣӦܹƿһЩġ
¥ɽɳĵ۾Сӣһʮˣ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ԶԶʱ˾Ԫ׺͵ɴϢѯʡ
ʱǵ۾С֮⣬δĿҪĻ϶ǻᱻǷֵġ
˾Ԫ׺͵ڳһ˶Է
۾˼
ܿ˵ǼȻӦǻ֪ҵĴڣֻǸ֪һĽ쳣봳ǿ϶ᷢңҹĵǣûа취ҴڵϢ̴¥ɽϵ֪
˾Ԫ׶Դ˿˽𣺡Һ͵ɿֲһ󣬽Ƭռ䳹׷޷κϢȥҪ뿪Ļᱻնɱѡ׷ĻҲûа취ˣǸҪȫ˼ȥάֵġ
Ǿûˡ
žâҴҪ׷ĻǣҿԱ֤Ҳǣ˭׷Ļֻ·һҪͨ籨ţ͵ÿλǰæˡ
ͷİɣǲǽϢݳȥ󣬾ʱ¥ɽҲòκϢ
˾Ԫ׼Ϊŵ˵
Ϊǿؾڣ˾Ԫ׵ȷӵֶΣҪȻĻҲ͵Эˡ
Ǿͺãɡ
˵ͷֱӳ˹ȥ
ȻһжбϵģûбҪҪȻĻֻȥطˣӣߴ֮Ҳ
ߴأǿ϶ҪģϾµĶֵߣУǼԼģ
ЩʵѸƾ衣
ֳһƬź޵ľͬһϵһ㣬ھĽ޾֮С
ΧϢıһ󣬴ڿʼκϢݲƬռ䣬˾Ԫ׵ţ
٣ƾǵ۾Сеʮ۾εߣǲƿˡ
δҡڵĴȥȫ߶صľƿأ޶ȵϢȻĳȥ
Ǹ۾СУֻһǵ۾ĴڣڣƾյľӡԼƿأҲֻǵ۾֮ϵߣܹ֪Ĵڡ
ĵģǱǵ۾֣
𽥿
ѾˣǸ۾Сʮ˵ľòУǵ۾һŲñĵӣһɫʣ֮Ŀ
һ൱ľʱŲñĵӺȻ۾ڵĵطһۡ
ж֣
ǴŲñĵӷǳֻǸܵһϢֱڵλã
ϾƬ֮УһƬȫļž״̬κһ紵ݶܽ˾ѡ
οǵ۾Ĵڸ֪Ϊʩչƿأ㲻̽⡣
ǵ۾Сӵˣǵ۾ӳЩĪж
ǲ֪ӳ˵ʲôȻӳ˵ˣǱ㳯Ŷӳĵطˣд
һʱ䣬ʮиֶָκȻڵĵطϮǵصȫ
Ӱ֮飡
һݣٶʩչӰ֮飬ȻģΪ˶Է̺ȻѸٴ͸Χ
̣Ƽ򵥣ʵȴʮֱ仯Էÿһֹһÿһ˵ģ
ԣ߶Ӱֱ֮αװʮΣʮʺͼڣſһ˲ġ
ң⻹Ϊӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮĽӳɣҪȻĻԶԷʮֺǱɡ
Ȼһ٣Էͺ׷ˣΪһܣѾӶԷֺķΧ˲̤ķΧ֮У
ĽޣһƬݼŵΧΧһƬ޾գֱ̤ƬݼŵδЩʧ
ͷȥţˣͶ׷ȥץסСӣɾ˴ˣ
ǵ۾ΪĶӳһʱɫϵԵüΪֱ׷֮С
ʵǵ۾ǻͷҪ뿪ȥţǲŸո̤֮бӰεľУĴ͸ǵ࣬ʹ˲
ڰ˾Ԫ׺͵ɳˣ˵һ۾СҪ˻ȥͨ籨Ÿܡ
ҵȥʱ˲޴֮г֣һ־ͻȥ֮˵ģģΣΪ硢Ϣһģһ
һԸ㶨˰ɡ
˾Ԫһ̾˸ҲȻ֣˵۾С˵ģʮ޾ϣͺ鷢֮ǰһģһ
һ¥ɽϵ˼߷飡
ȥ͵ÿˣҵǺ棬еõЩʲô
ɳƵ
ֻҪܽӡǣЩˣܵõʲôҺθɣ
˾Ԫ׵˵꣬Ȼ˱㳹׳ȥûκΨзȻתţʮ޻ɵĵ۾Сӣ֮⡰Ŀ񡱣ͬһ
ĵ۾Сӣˣ׷ӳͶ̤ȥ׷ȥˡ
˲࣬Ϊ㡢ڲΣÿһеŨ̶ȶһ
㣬ȻŨв۾εĴڡ
׷
ǵ۾Ͷλãٶ׷ȥ


1011 ݹ
һӴΧ˲鲼޾ӿ
˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣЩǶʲô˺ȴҲжĸоȫúܲ
˽͸ˣûﵽ۾εĴڣ·һ
ǵ۾εĴҲֳܴһֵԿϮܹӳʵҪࡣ
ˡ
овٵ۾ǿ߸ˣΪ׵ǵ۾Ͷļһ
ǴŲñĵӣŵɫУװŵľһ̫żƷսʱһϮɫ˲նһƬӪһͨ
ͨպǰ۾ǿһԭе
УûҪʩչƿԼˣԷǵ۾Ĵڣ϶ҵõԼģȻˣʡʡ˼档
¥ɽϵˣԾ˶⣬ȴûУΪвûʲôôǣУ޾֮⣬ֻʣ޾Ĺˡ
δͣ²ӣһ߳ǰѸǰУһƾӡڸӦܿͽӴΧߵͷ
ͷӵǵ۾εʵƬУܹӳǿʵ
ǰ۾СӳԱȻ粻ͣͷУֳһȥֵʴܷӳʵޡ
Ҷ
þȫ߶ӡǣʱĹӾӡдͷڴҫ˹ȥ
ĹⲢԣмᱻ˷֣Ĺ⣬ȴֱӾͷߵĹ
˶ˣ
ֱ޾
ʱ˿̣ǻѣͷʱһŲɣĺȻʾǵѣ
ȻܹЩȻˣҾ躦۾Сˡ
˸žâһ߶ͷԼڴȻҪͶİ˸۾СӳԱˡ
Ƭ֮ͷȻﲦŹԶϢӿ԰׵ĹبŵϢͷ֪˶õӴ
ͷǰ൱ǵһֺǣ֪ͷǶô޴
ͷɭȻĺֱת󣬳׷ͶȰعȥ
˲ӹǿת˲Ͷǰ
ƣ
ǵ۾Ͷ˫˸ɫâ̫żƷĳս˲նһɫն˲ӭͷ
ɫ˲նȻȴ˶鿪һޱȿֲУΧһжҪɽȥ
һƬɫâ֮˸һ۾СӣȻȫ󲿵ˣطѪ
⧲֮£ȫиɣ𣬲˲Ѫط̼ȫָˡ
Ȼ˶ûˣȴǱһ¸ŵˣ֪УЩӲƴȫΪ
һΣڲѪȫˣǵĲѪȴҲƵģ
ڣǵ۾εߣڲѪѾĵòˣոôһ£Ǳɡ
ͷʲôµģ
Ͷɫһݣֳ̫żƷɫһƬɫȻ͸ΧȻͷϮȥ
ͷܵ˶ԷϮǵĶȴ̫һЩֻΧһЩǿγһϡ
һϣͶһƬɫȫûʲôֿ̼֧ˡ
Ҫ֪Ͷǵ۾εǿߣֻҪһܹ̤뵽ؾĴڣǵ۾Ĺʵ̫ˡ
ȻͶҪһЩֿΧʴ֮£ʣµǱͷҪǿöࡣ
Ȼ֮䣬ȻɢͷƬɫи֧飬ȻɢΪ뵽Χ֮У·ûдڹһ
ͷͶֱնɱ˵ǲֹۡ
Сߣ׷һֱֹӶǱ巢ͿˣЩȻǿ󣬵ȴȫ
Ͷһ˵ţһȳڴ׷ȥܹ׼ȷжλãΪֻҪǰһΣһ׷ͨ
һܵʲôطӲģͶǿ֮ߴ֮ͨһѾǵ۵ͨĲΣܱƽ
ԴڿʼͶԶ׷٣ĸ֪Χ֮ڣӵĺǶûõġ
׼ȷҵλ𡭡Ȼˣұ޻أ
ͷ֮Щʹܿ췢֣ͷȥ֮ȫ뵽ΧУһ
ԭЩĹֻеɵģ
Ҿոնݵս˳ЩĹǳֲǵ۾ͶըܵΪصơ
ķȴȫͶǰһжסġ
ȻЩΧ۶ɵĻôٶνģͶôǿһɱ٣
ڵ۾СӵˣҪնɱЩȴҲô׵飬ٵҪϡ
ҾͲٿعԶԶĺǣΣ
ϳȥͬʱ߶ӡǣٴκ˸ͷͷͬǵ۾εʵ
һΣδͷۼһ𣬶Ƿɢ׼֮󣬴Ͷ
ϮȥΧɱ
֮ǰͷۼԣĿ̫ˣͶһȫɱˣڣͷɢͬȻͶ˶Щ⧲
ʯ֮ܣ
һ۾СӵĳԱȡһʯսҲ̫żĴڣʯս˲仯һʯ֮ܣǰȫ棡
ˣʯսѾϵĲΣʩչսֶηǳ˳֣˲㽫׵ֵ
Ȼɵľʯ֮ܳѣȴҲûܹ˺ǰһһ
ƿɱ
Ͷһ£ɫ˲Ŀ겢ͷ˵


1012 ɱ
磬Ͷʩչһƿɱ˲佫ɱˣϾ˫ʵ̫ˡ
УһпռͶʩչƿɱȻ޷ӳ
ȻͶһ˲ڵλͻһ󲽣֮仹ǲ˵롣
һɫϯƿ޾˲ۿžҪ͸Դ
Ҳʱһһ˹˲ǵɫ֮ϡ
ͶһƿɱҪնɱȴ벻ݹԱߺһֱӽû
ƿɱĿֲһȻըٴγһУһлԶ
⣬۳ĸͼڣΧ֮ɫĺͼڼתɫһ׷˽ȥ
ͼڻԳաЩд󲿷ȴûʲôˣ
š
ĸͼںܿˣȻŵ֮У´ݽߣֱӿԱͼ
ľ֮ﵽ˵صĳ̶ȣûӡȵͨ⣬ֶȫʩչսӵӦ֡
аɫ⣬յһʣЩѾ޷вܿɢΧ޾С
Ͷһûնɱٴγ֣ͻȻһԱߺȻֱӶ׼ͶԴ
Ͷòס˼гɫȻɢһɫĻϡ
飡
ȻϮɫĻ֮ϺȻը죬ȴûܹ˵Ͷ֣ϾѾ˾飬֪βֵܵסıը
ȻͶһ˶ûУĴɱȴʧˣҺ֮һ
Ȼǵ۾С˵ٶȶҪ࣬ڲйӣʼ޷׷
Сܹݹ֮кˣ϶ǵõ˾۵ӡǣ
Ͷʱ˿Ѿ²ˣɱ⣬֪ˣ
ڳ֮ǰ׽ɱõܴһֹͣ˶¥ɽеλ
֪ǶôҪץס
׽ȻɱļֵΪˣͶһֱûºֻ֣Ҫͣ
ֻϧܿ췢ǲֵĻȻû취׷Ὣ׽ˡ
СӣϽͣɣΪõӡǣͿΪΪˣȫӡ֮ǰһַŪ㣡
Ͷܻ׽û취ʱݺݵĳв
Ȼвǲģ˵෴ԸΪ󲿵һԱ϶õҲĴضΪһǿߣУҲܳΪϼ
ͶǶһƬģʱû˵¥ɽϣ˵󲿣ȻעԼ󲿳Աݡ
ȴûԷв
ӶԷĻڣͶӦǻ֪ˣ֪ĻܷŹҲͳڣܹӶһӡ
ֻҪڶԷ¶ɱԼ֮ǰӵһ㣬Ϳ˵ȫˣʱͶҪɱԼǲܵ顣
ڣ֪ͶҪɱԼĻ»ܹ쵽ġ
Ȼˣһ߲ݹ谭Է׷һߺͶԷˮ˳Դ̽һ󲿵
ҪͶҲǲԣȸң󲿾ʲôʵҶĵĻҿɲͶ
ʵ
ȻǴδСӣ󲿵ʵ֪
ͶЦ¥ɽУǵڶ壬ڵһĲؽؽһ㲻ڣ󲿾õѡڣʮףÿһκһΪʦһ죡
ף
ĻУٴεõһЩйϢڵؾǿߣ϶ֻʮģԣԷ˵Ĵף϶ؾ֮еһּ
ؾУַΪʾ۾͵۾һ׵ʵ϶Ѱؾʵǿ
ؾ֮УЩʲôּʣȴǰһƬ𽥱Ũһϲ
ĵڶ㵽ˣ
ڶУΧŨЩ۳Ĺʵ϶Ҳǿᣡ
ûκԥֱӴһ㡣
ͶͶȴһûӰˣһСӣȻԼҲ͹ֲˡ
£۾СӶԱͬڲ㣡
ʱΧŨǿֹǱ뻨ѸֿЩʴͬʱͶķ׷˹
ʱǳһ»ΪܿͶ׷һҲǳջǷˡ
ҪѶԷ׷ɱֻнԷնɱһ·ˣ
Ҫնɱһǵ۾ƾڵʵȻԲе
Ѿڲ㣬۳ɵĹʵ൱ǵ۾ǵ۾Ըǵ۾ͶҲܹЧֹԷ׷
пܣͨЩĹͶ֮е۾СӳԱɵ
һϷɣ
΢΢£û˿£˷ܵĸоǴĺսӣ
ͷǵ۾εĹϢĳͶ˵Ͷȫڷǰû˷ͷŨеĹ
ɱ
һ߶ӡǣ˲ͷơ
֮ǰӰ͵ͻ˲۾СӳԱ˹ȥ
ֲѹת˲Ͷ˷׷׷ӦǻûüʩչʲôֶΣ׷ɱǵ۾ǿ߾ѾУȻɭȻȻըγУ
ǵ۾εߣֱӱ˽ȥѪĹâ˸ȴʧ٣ͬǱ嶼Χһ֡
֮ǰ׷ʱѾ˲ٲѪʣµĲѪǴи

ˣеĿֲǲ˲Զǵ۾ϣǵ۾Ҳ˸ɫâȻڻָС
Ȼǵ۾εǿߣ⿿ǵ۾Ĺ޷ɱģϷڲſʼء
׷
ʱˣͶȻܺˣΪ֪ںˣҲѾ޷ߣ϶ᱻ׷ɵ
ˣƴһƴܷնɱ


1013 Ӱ
׷ɱİ֮У֮󣬳ǵ۾Ͷ֮⣬ʣǵ۾Լǵ۾ʵȻԽɱ
Ȼܸϡ
ԽԽĹĴ߶³ΧͶ˲
ͶҲѰһᣬϻӳɫ⣬˵ֶˣκһɫ⣬ǴĻԽҷ
߶ŨеһͷһͷѵĹϳŶԷĽöԷĹڰ;ͱصˡ
У֪жٹڳ˯УȻƾԾӡǵƿس̶ȣ޷ʹΧ۳ɹЩ˯ѵĹ㹻ԸͶˡ
Ҫ֪ǾԸؾǿͨǴڳ˯֮Уһǵ۾㲻
˼Ͷܲˡ
һֱʩչ۵ͨȴ޷κھʩչʽ󲿣ǵľȻֻвѪһط
˲Ѫط֮⣬ͶΪ󲿵ߣѧһ޾似
Ȼ޾似ǳѣͶҲѾСɽ׶ΣԶκֶΡ
һ֣ڣ׷ɱԽԽ룬ԽԽòʩչصɱˡ
У㿴ʲô似
Ͷţ˫зһɫ׹⣬һ˲һɫǰ۳ͣȻ
Ӱ
޾似֣֪ʲô͵似۳ɫƺʮֹ졣
ɫϮ;Уһ·ŨΧɢȥܵĲΣա
صľƿأɫ۳һ˲Ѿоˣ
Χκ֪κսжϵȻӶƾӦԲԡ
Һ䣡
Χͷǵ۾εĹͶмĵȷܽǵɫֵס
ȻΪ𾪵ǣɫ磬Ȼĵд͸˫ȻȫûκνӴһͺ񡭡ǵɫ粢ʵһ
ҲֻлӰֱӴûȴʵʵܵɫ̺ŵģĳֹ
ǵ̫죬˲ݹĵ֮⣬ûʱκηӦ˲ϣȻڣ

ͶۿǵɫڣʱЦѸٸϹͬʱЦӰزص޾似ȻֻСɾ磬ԸСӣǴ´ˣӰ֮ˣ뵽ֹĻУһо񹥻
񹥻
ףΪʲôĵûӰ쵽ǵɫ磬ԭרЧľ񹥻ֶΡ
˵޾似ΪʲôԼδܵκӰ죿
ǵɫ磬֮ƺֱӱ㱻ĳûжκӰ죡
֪ڱԷþĻҲΪֲһĴڣʶᱻ飬ϾӰǹԼǿľ񹥻ֶΣǼ򵥵Ļѡ
ȴûиܵ˿Ч
Ǿ֮壡
һɫԼڵȫľ֮һ̳֣ǵɫ糹׷ȫɢˡ
֮ǰʱһֱûо֮սʲôãڣȴиܵˡ
һǵ۾εǿߣʩչһ޾似ӰȻΣյĻˣ
ӰȻ󲿵ز似ȴûκЧ̲סɣ޾似ѵֻЧ
Ҫ֪۵ֻһ޾似أڵûӰͷһ⡣
һпֲ似Ȼֱ֮ƽˣ
ܿףǶԷֶβǿΪ޾似Ӱһͬ缸޵еģ˵Ըһ۾ǵļһˡ
֮ȴӰֱƽ⣬ɼ̶֮ȣ
֮壬ǴӾĶطЧ˿ֲԺǲҪ»͵ֶˡ
ţŵȴû˿ͣ٣һ̳ȥ
һĻͶʱɵˡ
Ч
ӰЧôܣ
Ͷһնɱǵ۾εǿڵģκ飬Щǣһж뵽ֹĻþ֮Уںܶʱڱĥ
ڣ˵ǱĥˣþûԺвҪȻСôô죿
ѵʲôսסˣ⵹Ҳǲܣ˵ԲߣһοԣҵҪ㻹ܷסڶβɣ
Ͷɫһɫ׹ٴǰ֣һɫ磡

޾似Ŀֱֲ֮˳˵ǵɫµӰĻôͶʩչģӰ
˲ָܵˣǺͷһģһĹʽȴûκδ⡣
ɫ磬ȸոǵٴΪȷȫǷһµҩɡ
һţһߴӻͳһö̫żҩ⻹ڿߵСкеõأֱܹ֮ǿıĻ
һ֮ǿȻҲıʹȫ
ԼӰĵͶһٴαˣǴɫ굽ڣһͬʯһ㣬ʧ٣ȴȻϴԼٶȳȥ
һεĹƣڷö̫żҩ±ȷŻҪûиоǴ׳ɫڣûֱܸܵӱ֮ˡ
ǲ֪ܹ߻;񹥻֮⣬֮廹ֵܵʲôĸ״̬ڴң⻹ֻǵصľ֮壬ǽ߲Ρ
ֱѾˣδ뿪һҪȥϣúоһ֮嵽Щ״̬
սҪ
ӦԶԷ޾似ͬʱûȫţǲΧĹϳ׷ɱĵ۾С
ƺҲֶֹֻˣֶֹʩչ֮𽥱ԷӦ֮
ǵ۾εĹ̫󣬶ҷʤʱпܴŨбǶ˺ܴš
ڣʣµǵ۾ѾҪ֧ŲסˣиֳһĨɫǴδСִһȻǱ


1014 һ
ڲ㣬ͶڵȻ׷ɱֻӵǰܹ׷ϣã
ʵ̫ǿٶ̫죬ʵΧϷĹ̫ˣ
ڣͶ֮⣬ڹϺ¶Ҫֲסˡ
ܿ죬ǵ۾ε׷ɱڳܲסѹʼȥҪط
ʲôں˸ûκλ·ΨнСնɱпܻ
Ͷ״ʱȳҪֹߡ
ôʲô޾似޷Сնɱѵ㻹ָǲɣ߻еϣǰĻǵ۾Ŀ϶ûģ
ѱ˵رڼӰ¾ȻȫûκӰ죬֪Ҫնɱϣã
ںˣܻлȥϣ
˭ԼǷǳϧģ˭ԸԵ޹ȥֻϧҲѾˡ
Ǹոһξ룬ͷֺüͷǰЩģˣֱײЩ
ϳ緢˳֮У
ֲɭȻƻ˺飬ӵвѪҲ޼£ձȫɣһ˿ڵĺۼûܹȫΪʧ֮С
˵³ʣǵ۾ҲҺˣȻʵ΢ǿһЩڶ䣬ûκεֿ
Ψһİ취ǸͶһǰȡɱΨ˲пܻ
ɱ
ʱǵ۾ȫٱӵеֶΣȫʩչ˳
һˣȫɫѪⱬζʱΪһɫˣȻñȹҪϼ֣һȭȥֱһͷǵ۾εĹ

һȭһɫѪ⣬˲ͷסпܵ·
Ȼ֮ڲ㲻ϱ죬ɫҪɱȴ̫Щ
ȻԷסλȴԲݹ
ͷǵ۾εĹ˲Χ֣ĵɫ˺Ȼһѱ󣬸ǳĻӡ
ɫһȭ֮ǰĵѾɫ˵Ĵʱĸγɣɫȥ
ɫ˲ҽвҪɱȴնûܹһ£ֱӱгɣɫȫʧΧŨС
һȻ֪ԼһɫˣǱɣƴһƴȴһûܽնɱԼȥˡ
Լ˻㲻
΢епڿɲǸøпʱһǵ۾ǿߣѾ˹
һŭ֮һ籩ĵ״ɢͬʱһͷ֣ԼٶϮ
ǵ۾ĹɲֵȴҲǱ޿ɱˣֻͷɢ˲佫ס
޷ԷֻܹԷһҶԷǵ۾ǿߣֻ䲻ɵЧǳá
Ȼ£Ծƿصطܵ˿еϢȻ˲仯˿Ȼ˿һ֣
Ӱ֮飬ٴʩչֻһ˲֮ɵһ˿籩ӿ˳˲ָ˱塣
αװΪȻܵ˺ȴ̫ˣǲϱͼڶġ
ֻǱܿ˿ǿһ˲Ȼֻӱܳ˫ȻǱ˲Ѫģ
ǰӰ֮ǿαװѾˡ
ҩ
һʱһö˵ҩܿ콫˫κãͬʱΧͬʱһǷ𹥻ǵ۾ȥһ֮
޷ÿռĵ£˸ûκλѣ
һ̣ûǵ۾ȴĺ³ɢΪƬ֮С
գʣͶһǵ۾׷ɱ
£ǸˣҾҲûκõģΪĻܶԷͶ
ģΨƴһսȡɵ
ڣոǵ۾ɱͶʣǵ۾һЩϣȻܲݹȴȻֻǵ۾ڵΪоӡǵļӳɣҲǵ۾ĲΡ
ֻҪץסᣬӽǺɾܰŪġ
ӳȥɱ
ʣǵ۾ǿߣҧҧ˵ȻΧһƬһĸף˸סȻļӳ֣ٶȼѸٳ˹
ͶҲûзϻɫţȫɫѪҫһ̾Ȼ̫żƷΪһ壬Ϊһɫ⣬˽һֶΣ
Ǹ˸׵ǵ۾ٶʵ̫죬ȽɵȻԼɣ̲ΧǸǿڴ
һ

ͬʱǸ֮ϣһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ƣ˷ʵЩˡ
ʱͶ˽һɫͬһԶֻҪһʱܽնɱ
ˡԴ֮壡
֪ٲʹɱﵵĻԼˣ˴߶ӡǵͬʱֱӷųԼ籾Դ֮֮ϢȻ
ǵ۾εͶʩչֶ֮ο϶ûʲôЧǰ죬ᱻԷ˲ȥ
ΨбԴ֮壬ӶԷʵģһ־Ϣ侫ϵ壡־壬ʤرֵطǿ
ر˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣϢ˲ӿϢ֮ɭȻɲԼŵˡ
壬Դ֮ų˲Ѿ˽һͶǵɫԭͣһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ͳ׸ı䡣
һʱٴԶԶӴ˳ȥǸŸ׵ǵ۾ڲϵ£Ҳûܹܵס
һʱ֮һǵ۾Ҳʬ޴棬֮С
ʣһǵ۾һˣϷҲýˡ
δǸͶˣΪ֣ͿҪˣֻҪ̤㣬Χʵ϶ǿ
ǵ۾ԵֵסĹ
Ϣһ֮Ͷ˽һ׷ֻʣһˣΧϳȥɧţٶȻ
ոɱĻᣬľȥͶҪɱѾûʲôˡ
ڣͶҲֻܼ׷ɱΪֻ֪·һ


1015 ʤһ
Ͷ֮У˽һһɫ⳯Ϯ
Χ֮вйϴǵɫ⣬ٶȣʹ׷
Ҳڼ̤֮һƬŨĵط
ط룬㣡
ŨȣҪŨһٱȻʼܵʴ˵ˡ
Ͷ׷̤ԼҪһȥֿЩʴʱɫüΪ
˽һ״̬֪Լ׷ˣʱֱ̣ӳǺú̸̸ΣҲ׷㣬ҲҪɱңҰȫ뿪֮ҿԽ޾似Ӱ㣬ô
һﾹȻʼ޾似ջϵ
޾似ȷǺڴӰ˰ɣоõ֮ǰϮԼɫ̺ŲѪ
û´ĻõӰ޾似Ҳûа취ģΪûѪط
򵥵˵ӰӦǺͲѪ׵似˵õӰҲ϶ɹ
ȻԷҪ̸ڸԷúþһһὫԷ׺ɱ
һЦٶ΢һ㣬ֱ˵ӰҲǺǲѪңҾͷŹ㣬ô
ԡ
Ͷһ˿ɫƺȻܾס޾似ջ󣬳侲ĸҪѪ
֣ȴҲֻû棬֪޾似ļֵ⣬޾似˵ÿһ֮󲿣ҲֻӵӰһ޾似ˡ
ҽѪӰöУڵĵطȻ֮ȥһ׷ɳȥҵҾͷŹ㣬ҲԻȡ㿴Σ
Ͷȡһö򣬶˵
۾Է뷨㲻ʵ϶ȴ൱ȣ޷ȷǷļ˲ѪΣڶԷ׷£»ص㣬ˡ
Ȼڰ׷ɱӵΪԷûʲô׼һεĻȷԼܻŻص
ߣͶΪ󲿵ţ϶ǶԲѪӰӵģ׽˵ĻȥܵǳĴ
ϾѪӰ󲿵֮ôܹй
ƲĻͶҪô㽫Ҫôűɱİա
ԣȰѲѪӰصС
ȴǵ˵ͷ¶һḬ̃ɫԻͶͶ̰
ͺ˵ˡ
ͶһЦֱȡһö򣬿ʼһЩдС
ʱͶģΪԿ϶ȫд²ѪӰ֮ǰᶯϾһɾûˣ
ȴû㵽ʼնûҪ
Ҫǰ͵Ļǲܾ
ԷնҪĿ
ԣŶԷֽţѾڵΧеĹʮͷϢΧ
Щ۶ɣÿһͷǵ۾εĴڣ
ˡɱ
ͶڹĵȻֳ̰֮ɫȴѾһЩǵ۾εĹͶ
ʮʱ˷ҺȻ˲佫Ͷ˶ûУ
ͻͶ˶ˡ
ô
ѪӰûд꣬СӾѾˣⲻѧѵط޾似û˿뷨ɣ
аΧУͶһȴһĨϷʵɫȻڳЦͶ̫޴ˡ
һ֮УʤһϷ磡
ʧܵĴۣ
Ͷİ취˵һʧܹɱǧû㵽иṵ̂
ṵ̂£׳նȫЧˣ˵ԸԼС
Ͷɣʬ޴ʱԭڹĵҲͻȻһӱ˳һɫâȻ
Ȼڵ
״ʱЦһ
֮Իᱬ϶ΪͶûУԼУһҪ鿴ͻֱӱһҪͶԼ֣ͻ
ֻϧͶǶ˽⣬֪Ը񣬾֪ԲκгԿġ
˵ѡ£ǾԲԼĲģȻɱ˶ԷΪβɱ
ͶԵһˣͱɹˣϧԵ
Ͷ˶ΪУеҲֱӱвûмκζֻ˲ȶˡ
һͶ֮عͷȥ
һŵ׷ɱ֮Ҫӭջʱˣû´Ļĵطۿ϶׼˲ٶ
룬ΧҲԽԽŨյİٷ֮ʮľӡǣȻܰյ󲿷ֵʴȴһ˿ʼʴȫ
òǿֵʴʱ˵ǲʲô⣬ɴ˿ڽӡǰٷ֮֮ǰ޷ɳ
ԽȥԽǸܵŨԼԽԽǿĹΧС
Щ֮УȻʼؾĴڣÿһͷڣ·𶼴һСһ㣬С綼Ѿġ
ͨӡдݳϢĪľ֪ˣؾĹͿ۵ģҪСܹۡ
ÿۻɱһؾĶֵ֣ܽСսȻ뵽֮У۳һͷؾĹ
ոͶ׷طЩؾĹһھͿԽˣûκηء
ͶҪ֣ΪŨѾˣǵ۾εǿߣѾ޷ֿôεŨˣȫᱻʴ𽥸ʴճΪһ֡
Ҳʼ𽥱ʴ֪Լʱ䲻ˡ
ڣھǰˣǰַɳ˲ľ룬ĵλá
һ۾ͼŨ֮УƮһЩЩӦþǾĶˣ


1016 ޴ջ
Ʈŵģܹһ۱㽫۵ס
һö򣬲֪мʲôһҩƿӣĻӦװö޾ҩһöǿռսһöָ֪дʲô
ǰȥȿһö򣬷оȻžƿطĵᣡ
ͨЩĵᣬľƿطһ¥˵ŵϴó
Ȼһ۵ҩƿУȻö޾ҩһö޾ƷҩУ̺İӰϢȥĻӦ밵Ӱĵϳ̶ȴﵽʮһˣǸµͻơ
ϵʮѾܹﵽˣҪϵʮһߵ츳Լǳıˡ
ЩжǶģЧҲ
鿴һöռսָƾӡǵϢʶУϲķ֣öռսָУȻľľ壡
ľ壬ǵ۾ڶ޷ĶΨؾĴڣܹһЩΪľҪǴ֮ĵ໥ϡ
Ҳֻؾǿߣܹ򵽴֮ġ
ۣ֪ᱻƻ׼ôľ壬׼޸ֻϧռսָУֻܹöľ壬Ȼһľ壬ǲ޸޾ս
Щϧ뵽
ڵ̫żƷεսҪ䳹޸Ϊ޾սҪʮöһľ壬Ǿۣû׼ôľ壬ɼľļֵ
ȻûоЩľ壬Ҫ޸޾սңңڣںôеͷ
öһľ壬ֵѾ޷֮ˣ·У¥ɽϡ˵һԴ
ʱδȥЩľ壬ΪûʲôãžͿʼö޾ҩҿʼĶöжԾƿطĵá
һ֮ö޾ҩĵãɹĽƿ˵أڰҲѾԶ
ȥö޾ҩδƿأе֮󣬽ԼС硣
ö޾Ʒĵҩ֮밵Ӱϵ˵ʮһʩչκΰӰԵ似ֶͨΣ֮ǰǿһ
⻹ͻơ
޾ҩ֮ͻƻŵ˷Բĳ̶ȣɹ̤˵۾۷ĲΡ
Ϊ˻ٴҲ֮ٴδñ֮ǰǿ
İ¡ˣĴضѾ̽ˣȥʣ֮ػ
˼ţȥȥ
֮ΧһȦΧвжĻҪҺܾòҵ϶ǷŵģΪԶͣĽпռ䴫ͣҲûһʱܹ
ԣȥѡֻһˣػ
ϣڲػУҲ׼һЩһľ壬ֱӰ޸Ϊ޾սˣԱȽСϾ㹻ľĻֿܷţӦ÷һĲŶԡҲ˵۾á
ҡҡͷûж룬ʼ֮˳ȥ
;УܵԽԽĹ֮ѹЩûʲôֻ޾ǻţһֵǾͻĶ䷢ƣ䳹˺顣
֮⡣
Ҳֻӵ˾ӡǵﲻܵĹκؾǿߣ¶޷Ӧôͬʱ
ͶȰ۾СӵĳԱͶ֮УһеȫֻǹֻǸˣԼûжʲô֡
ڵң̤˵۾۷ĲΣϾĽļӳ֣Ӧúǡǵ۾Ĳβ˶ˣȥ֮Ժͺѩżд裿
ţȻ˾дԣ
ѩͺ׾żǵ۾ĲΣкѩżѾùһΣֻٴ߶ݵʱ䡣
׼úѩżдһĺܿ죬ʵսȴ̫٣Щ԰Լڵˣر˾Ľļӳ֣Ծ׼סԼܷӳ
дһڱС
Ȼдص㲻УҪȻѩżһ֣ͻᱻΧǵˣʼ޲ĺըһɾ𲻵дˡ
ܿ죬뿪ŨΧ֮⣬ȻͶ˵δڣһ
۾Сӵˣô
˾Ԫ׺͵˴Ӱг֣һ֪ܿʮӰԭֻްˣǾеһͨõߡ
ޣֻҪԾϵһЩط߶ܽΪκģαװڣѰؾǿǰõԼĳ̶ȡ
ʮޣ˾Ԫ׺͵ɾͿʱʮѾϢ¥ɽϵĴԲ߷顣
ſƭǶã
Ȼʮ޵ߣѯһ䣬Ӧùĵ顣
ΪһЩ޵鱻֣Ҳ;¥ɽ֪ڵϢԶˡ
°ɣϾ¥ɽϵʮλףûôһֱߵ飬ٿס£һҿԱ֤
˾Ԫ׺ŵЦ˵
ʱ䣬Ҳ̫ˣڲհٷ֮ʮľӡǣҪڽȥʱȫգʱ̫ˡ
̲סüͷ
£ʵҪﵽĿֻ꣬Ҫհٷ֮ʮӡǾ㹻ˣ̶ȣܹĽ綼뵽ӡǵУҲͿԴͬĽ磬һصϵĵȥ
˾Ԫ׼˵
ԭֻҪٷ֮ʮ
ȻȻȫӡǵĻͻǾĽˣھĽڵһĴڣҪĽӡǣȴֻҪٷ֮ʮ㹻ˡ
ֲ˾Ԫ׺͵ˣرĵӡ
ڣվӡǵٶȻԽԽϢǣܸܵľĽڸϢķΧӹˡ
ڣܹܵʮﷶΧڵУ˵ÿеЧˣʤˣ
Ⱥżдд裬ϤһڵλԵһ£Ȼǰػ
˾Ԫ׺͵˵꣬Ȼȡ˺ѩż
żһ˾Ԫ׺͵ɵעȻ˶żӡ


1017 ֮
һķżĶŪģ
˾Ԫ׶óż൱죬ֱʵ
֮ǰھ֮УԵɺϰһһ㴴֮ż
Ц˵
żõһ˫֮һ˵ﵽһţǲһ˫ףһ׾һѩһһŮ
˾Ԫ棺ǲһ˫¥ɽһһĴڣ벻㾹Ȼ˽顣
ҲûʲôãžĽȥ˾ϵĵ̣¥ɽ϶ǵˡ
ҡҡͷ
ɲΪƾôСݣһ˫ױ¥ɽϣЩʲô
ǵһڶ˵ЩҲûʲôãԺ˴ˡȻҪдһ²˳٣Ͻɡ
˾Ԫ׺͵˷ֱ˿һԣȻԳֲ½磬ֹսϢй˸˶ߡ
£԰ĺͺѩżд衣
Ѿùһεĺѩżȥֻܴڲһʱˣ˵ȴǸպд裬״̬µĺѩżǽʱųҲ𲻵̫ãдˡ
οȻĺͺѩżд裬ǾͿ϶ǸоԼа취ԿѩżˣھĽڣҪżֵܾܹ㶨ˡ
ȻҪӳսھĽڡ
ֻھĽڣܹƾӡǣĽ֮ʵʵķԾ
һ̣㽫ѩżҶ´һԼ
һķżǳ㣬Ҳ٣ǿ϶ûд蹦ܵģ´˹ԼǾ˵ʵĻǻᱻѩżֱɱģ
񵱳ڵص׿ռ乬Уս۵һȺ˱ѩżֱѹɱһҲκ⡣
ʵﵽǵ۾ĲΣ
һɫ⳯Ϯѩżжϳֻе۾۷壬ֻʩչһʽ֮ܳΪʽֻǽ۳һϮˡ
Ҳһɫ⣬ʱȴǵ۾εսȫɱ
Ժѩżһĵ⣬ȴȫûд⣬Ϊ֪ԼʵѩżԶΨһϣǽĽ֮
֮
ǵɫʱ˲߶ӡǣΧһһľĽȻ۹뵽ڡ
˲оԼڵĻ˲ʮ౶
ϾѾ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣȫ߶ĻȻʮ౶
һֲ֣㲻κһ۾۷ߣʮ౶֮ҪֵѩżһɫҲ׾١
Ѫͼ
һ̧֣ѪʥͼһѪɫֱֶܸӵǵɫǰ

ɫȻѪͼϣȫֱɢȥΪ˰ɫƬѪͼȻ
߶޾սȻҲ˲٣Ѫͼֵܹסѩżһ
ֵס˺ѩżһУѩżڿʼ֪ǰ֮˲ʵ
Ȼˣѩżȥʽ϶Ͳˡ
ѩżУһѰɫ۳ɵĳѳȻѩ׵ڰл۳ˡʮ֣ƿն
һʮֵ
һԹս˾Ԫ׾һ̫ż似ҿżʩչģȻٽһ˳Ȼ֮뻯Ҳֻһ֮ң
һʮֵգٶȼ죬ûܹӦ
Ѿƿ˵أɫ۳ֿʼѾ׼
һʮֵƿϮȫûд׼ӲӲ
˾һԵ˾Ԫ׺͵ɸЩǿ֪ŵ۾۷壬˵ӵӡǰɣ˺ͺѩżһʮֵӲӲĿУ
һκΣգǽһʱ֣
ƿأһʮֵĵУȫкü㣬ֻҪЩ㣬ɵֵסһˡ
ţһöһöĶ䰵Ǵڶ˲ӳߣһʮֵ˹ȥȻڰֱӱƣ
һգ۵ʱ䣬ö䰵Ǳ۳Ȼƣֱӽһʮֵһе߳ɣ
ţһʮֵ⴩һٱһ룬ձٴѪͼ¡
㶨
⣬һǵ۾εǿߣʩչȻε̫ż似ʵ
˫ӿֳǿҵţھĽУƾ֮Ѿǿز𣬾ǵ۾ǿʽܹɵֵ
һʮֵ˵ʵҲ϶ֻǺѩյһѰʽˣۿһʮֵûЧѩżʩչһУһеضһиӿֲ
ȴδöԷһֱȻʩչȥ
ƽ˶Էһʮֵ֮һֱӱ㷢˷Ųİ죬˵ͬɫĹ˲۶𣬽ѩż˶ѹС
ס
ѩżһʱ֮侹޷ʽ֮ӳʮ౶ô󣬺ѩżǱѹסˣҲûܹѹ
Ҳ͸һĻᣡ
Ϣ
ʵͨǱ֮ʮ౶Ļʵͨſ˳һϢڹȥֱӺ˺ѩż֮ϣ
ֲϢ֮ͬ𣬶Ժѩż˼ƻȻǵ۾εǿȣȴҲֵסľϢ
ʵͨľϢƻʵ̫ˣҪ֪ϢͨΪƻÿʲôκЧ֣ΨһЧʮֱڣϢͨƻֶжλǰУƷԨȶѷɫˣ
ûܸɵǾ
ѩżֱӳסһھϢſڣǽھϢ˳
еƵǣϢƻʮʮȴҲʮʮĿھϢ͸оЩݽˡ
⵹ҲҪȻĻһоϢ˵޵ˣкͼڱĵϢڶʱƵͷš
ֻǿϧѩżô򵥱ɵųھϢѩż漫Ϊƣʱȴ˰ȫһĨɫϡ
ɫϣеǾ֮ȴֲͬ˰ɫ֮ѩżٶȼƺòܿ
иоʩչ죬¶ȫ޷ѹסżˡ
ǲɫϣȷǸܺõķֶΣúѩżȫ˿ƣһֵס˽ȥھϢ
Ȼ󣬰ɫɢű׹·һ
ܵĸܵΣգ


1018 ˫
׹⻯㳯£Χռ䶼ڣûһ˿һĿܡ
ȻӵоӡǣʱҪͨܣΪҪʱ䲢̣սлǱȽŶ̼ͨ
ԣ׹Ļֻһ취ˣǾƾУʩչմԽ
һܾûʩչˣΪսǷڿռȫӡĵطûҪ
ڣоԼû취ֵЩ׹㣬ֻжһ·ߡ
Χ޾գռȻûбӡȡУֱӴ߶մԽ˲׹ʧ
һ̣￪⣬޾֮УѾѩżںηˣİӰ֮Ѿͨ̽ﵽ֮ңټϾƿأܺĸܵѩżڴ
⣬ѩż׷ɱռĲ˸ڲ߱մԽֶΣѩżҪ׷ٵҪһʱ䡣
ʹţںͺѩżʵǿսУǴڲܵĵλ򲻹ҲܡȻѩżʶˣ´ټĻ»ʩչռӡֶΡ
ֻһʱ֮󣬺ѩż׷ʱҲѾߵ˾ͷżڴȫϣżͻ᳹ĵ޷ʹá
Ϊд裬ȻϣĽ϶Ҫȥ¶Ϻѩżġ
֮ǰȴܵеͻȻһı仯ƺеһ飬оԶѳģǰ֮Ʈȥ
ͷһμ֮ܵƺѾܵ˼£ɲ²⣬ѵںϵ˫ĲΣ
սϣϹʼͨ飬ٵȻϣ˫ﵽ˫ĲΣˣ̶ȣս֮нᵮһʶһ֮߳Ϊʶ
δսϵ˫ĲιڣֻǽȡһմԽȻϵ˫ˣ
Щ죬ڶɲȫףڵȷѾϵ˫ĲΡ
УѾʶ
֣Щϲ⣬ǹ˲ûȥͺѩżдˣ̳Ըнн
֣ʱ˿̣뷨ȻҪ˵ֱܹӴ֪еʶƺҲ˫һ㣬ʼʶ硣
ʶ뷨ͬҪ˵ܹȫоõ
˫ʱûнһЩõϢʵڳԸ֪ŶԷĴڣܿ죬˫ȷ˶ԷĴڣЩЧϢ
磬ܵеʶѯԼ˭ԼĶԼʲô֮⡣
ЩֱһһشֻҪԺ΢һ룬еʶܹȫ˽Щ˫ϵ֮εĽΪ㡣
ոյʶԵЩģǶԴ˸еǳˣе˫㽫еȫգҿԴ߶ʩչһµʽᣡ
ΪģΪһУܹÿռ䶼ͣһзǳ򵥴ֱĹֶΡ
ֻҪ޷ֵôֱӾͻᱻĳͣ
һԷֵܹᣬôһоͲ˿Чڵʵ˫УʩչһᣬƻԾˡ
պúѩżˣһºˡ
кһȻʩչմԽ˲ֳźѩżڴԽ˹ȥֵ˲䣬ֱںѩżڵĿռᣡ
޾ӿںѩżδӦ֮ǰ㽫䳹С
ţ߶ӡǣĽĿֲ֮£˲ǿʮ౶
·һʱУֱӽѩżڴĿռ÷飬Ȼ󽫺ѩżҲС
ѩż֪־壬Բϳ۳ɫ⣬ҪնȻῪʼ֮޷ֹͣҪôֵסյ˺ѣҪôɣ
ǵ۾εĺѩżӵеʵǿܹ赲һ˺ѣһ̫ͻȻһ֮ǰѾھϢشʱ˿̣޷ֹɡ
Ƭ֮֮УռعޣͬѩżҲֱʧˡ
һУԸʵ൱ĶЧȻĺãɱҪԽʵͨϢ
ܵǵҲ֣һ־޷ֹͣҪôɱԷҪôЧ
ʾһУԱɱˣһսУҪõ
ѩżֱб˾Ԫ׺͵¶Ҳ³ԶУӰ˸Ρ
СӣȻս˫ˣ
˾Ԫ׹Цų޵лŵĽ֮⡣
Щ棺ѵλ˵ս˫Ǻѵ鲻ɣ
Ȼ
˵ĵɣʱҲЩɳƵĳˣսϣܴﵽ˻Ƚ϶࣬Ҫ˫̫ˡ
ҪǸսƷʣս֮ϳ̶йء
˾Ԫ׽˵һóٶȵˣֳһսҪϵ˫μܣ˵Ѷ˫Ҳ˵Ƚʺսʽ
仰Ǻͬġ
ǰɱ֣һĺֶܶΣͬ԰ɱΪɱƺԣôذ׶ϵ˫ҲԤ֮ˣֻû뵽ʱͻȻ׵ľ˫ˡ
ʵȻսʱս֮еʶڿʼˣﵽϵĲΣʶͿʼֱʶ׵ȻȻͻ˫ֻǣʶĹ̫أǶ֪ʶġ
˾ԪЩϧ˵
⻰ҲһЩԭǿ˵ս˫ѣҲ֪սʶô¡
֪ʶĻ˭׵ĺսϵ˫Ĳˡ
߰ɣǾػ˵ĻڲػõʲôоϢĶҶһЩӡǾͺˡ
˵꣬Ȼסб㳯Ųػڵķȥ
˾Ԫ׺͵ˣһ̱ʧʩչӰֶΣ䳹ʧˡ


1019 ʶС
һ£ڽƿ˵أֻ޷ҵˣֻգ֪˫̫ˡ
˾ԪסɲླĻӦܹ֪Ǵڰɣ
һ㣬û취ȥ֤ʱҲҪȥ֤һ㡣
㶨֮󣬻ʣ²ػطʱȣûʱȥѰˣûʱȥ
ȰѾӡյٷ֮ʮ뿪¥ɽϵĵ̣ǳװȫ
һ߹ͿռͨŲػڵķȥһߺڵʶн
ܿ죬ʶȡ˸֣ͽС顱ӷ㽻
С飬ıǰϹżļƷս֪֪ûа취Ʒʣ
ʡ
ڣϹżƷս˵Ѿ㲻̫ǿĶƷսڴЧǱһ̫żսҪǿ޾սͿ϶ǱȲˡ
ЩãϾһ˫սô콫̭
Сƺ˼һȻĴϢҲ֪ѽ
˵𣿻ֻܺʶн
һ䡣
Ҳ֪ѽ
Сʶ

ڷˣСκ⣬Էǲ֪ģΪʶոյԵʡ
Сӵеģֻ䱾ܵս츳Բٿнս֮⣬һ֪
ս˫֮ʶǲûԱֵ֮ģ䵮֮󲻶ϾһЩ飬ֲͬԸ񣬻ƫԣҲпƫŮԻͲսܹˡ
ڣСֻһʶܸʶнƾ츳ս֮⣬ûʲôκ
ûаԼϴһһĿռ䴫ͨڼҲ΢ʶһ硣
Ľ磬ɽԼС磬СϤһ²ûлСһܹɣܵܣʲô鷳
ڲϳŲػȥͬʱܲ̽ԲʮڵУһ֣ȻǷɹȥˡ
֮󣬽ӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮȿ˵൱ˣԤУһӡյٷ֮ʮ˵һʱ䡣
ʱھĽеĸ֪õΣڲ
һУֻܵȵʱٿˡ
ʱػľ룬ʣ·̣Ȼ;ѰеĻֻҪһܵˡ
һιͿռͨʱȻһݣоһޱȰ֮ƺϡ
ǿڣźйصĶӶϵƣ¶Է֮ûٵϡ
ЩҪǱ¥ɽϷֵĻ̫Щֻܱ˾Ԫ׺͵ɴ뿪ˡһ뿪˾Ľ磬ҪһЩӡǣͼòˡ
ң뿪˾Ľ磬ϵϦ衢Ǹô죿
Ѿܾûпѩ۹еˣΪЩ뽫վӡǵͷȴԴ
Ӳػ뿪ǰ;Уǻᾭ֮ڵĵطʱٻȥΰɡ
ûиˣϰڰѸǷǳԼֵǡ
ڣڳΪ֮·ϣһɹҲضõԴøõ
һʧܣͺп۵ѣ
ԣΪԼΪǣϳκβ
ʼйصĶˣݵϵӣҲѾԶˣȡʱˡ
ţ߶ӡеܹ͵øԶĿռͨ
ԾӡǵܶõľĽռҲԽ࣬ĿռͨȻʹ͵ĸԶһЩ
ҲҪ̫ż¥ɽϵЩףڴû˼ߵ飬ҪݵĴڣڣǾ԰ȫģʱڣ㾡ܿԼԾӡǵհɡ
˾Ԫ׵дС
΢˶վ̫żˣȻ˾Ԫױ֤ʱľ԰ȫôҪģȥ̽ػѰҸУȡոľӡǡ
ȻػпܻѪʥͼĴڣֱ֮ٷ֮ľӡճ̶ȣػʱ϶ܹȥõҪһʱ·;֮дڵС
ˡ
֣صĵ˵ͷ
ʱǺܽȣȴԲţΪ˽ռƻ˺ܶ࣬Ȼʱ
أУڸ¥ɽϵЩ׵߰ɣ
ף֪һʣһеǿڣڣʹʮףô¥ɽϣҲϰ׵Ĵڡ
ͨؾǿߵǴ׵һٱô¥ɽҲؾڣҲ˵¥ɽƹܷΧڣС磬Ľֻеһһ
ôСУҲȷûʲô˼עĽ٣ûʣԷͺע⵽ߵ
ȰͰ࣬Ѿӡյٷ֮ʮʲô仯˵
˾ȻŲػȥ
;УһѰգһߺʶС齻ţ̵һЩ֪ʶ⻹ĥйؽأػ
ӾӡпԵ֪ػͨǾ۵ĸ߼ͨǿͨ
УУž۵Ĳдʶϣڴˡ
ȥػ߼֮ͨһҪ׼һЩĻ϶ΪĶ
Բػ൱ڴ˵ػнʲôǲҪǶԼֻϣԼѸոľӡǣ֮ǰѪʥͼһ
ھİУõѪʥͼеľϢյľӡǴӰٷ֮ʮˣһֱ˰ٷ֮ʮ塣
ػлҪĻпֱհٷ֮ʮľӡǣ
뿪ܹʮ֮ǰ𽥳һƬɵĿռ䣬ػƬɵĿռ֮У˵ƬɵĿռǲػһ֡
ûʲôˣֱӽȥȡ˶ߡ
ţֱͶƬɵĿռ֮Уʱ˿̣Ѿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣٷ֮ʮֻһ㣡


1020 
̤ƬɵĿռ䣬Ҳǲػ֮Уʱܵһճľ˷ӿҪľ񶼲ס
ܿЩ͸ܵ˾ӡǵĴڣȻ׷׳Χ˺ȥδƵϡ
Щճľ֮УǸܵ˷ǳΣյϢǾӡǵĻսͱĲסȻԶ֮ĥ޷ѡ
ǲػ۵ĵͨһ־ĥֶΣֵܹ꾫񶼲סȻ뾫ĵ
һʩչΪֲͬ¾ЧԷΪԵǾһߣٻȥֶεġ
˾Ԫ׺͵ǵûнȻһ뿴ǵֵֶܷػĹء
Щʧܿһ飬ֱӳŲػ봦ȥ
У̤ػʱ򣬾Ѿս֮УϾȷսʶ㲻㾫񣬻᲻ᱻػӰ쵽
һС鱻ЩճľĸסˣǻǺ鷳ģԽҪܱȽϺá
ȻӵоӡǣܹڲػжΧľ̫ճˣãٶҲǷǳ
ֲײȥһǰٶȾ൱֣ڲػ֮УԻվ۵ϢǿԼԾӡǵգ˷ʱ䡣
Ͼػ֮ǰȥˡİ¡ҪһΣǾ۵߼֮ͨһھ۵ϢҲҪŨ١
ڲػķΧڣվӡǵٶȣʮڽ׶ΣҪ²ٷ֮һڲػУֻҪٷ֮һٶȻ治ˡ
Щпֻϧôٶȿ죬ԼٶȣվǱȲȥվĽɢеÿ졣
ԵĻϣٶȵõػеĶȻ뿪ֻǿϧطճʵ̫ˣҲ̫ٶǰֻܵȴЩԶÿһ·
ٶȣ˵ǼҪǰػģõµĶȻ뿪Ҫʱˡ
ûżµĻӲػ뿪һΰȫʱģҪȫӡǣոࡣ
дŽȸУվӡǵٶȣȻƽʱ˲٣ڲػеļӳɣҲ̫ˡ
֮ǰУѾ뵽˲ػطΧľıøճһ룬ûа취
վӡǵٶȣڲػΧʱһЩ
Χܹ˰ʱ䣬ʱھȻ˰ٷ֮ľӡǣٶĲˡ
Щпô˵Ҫʱܹ뿪ػʱԾӡǵվܹﵽٷ֮ʮţֻһ
ʱ˼ûзھӡˣǷ˲ػһöϡ
öڲػճľƮҲ֪мʲô
ĿʩչӰۣ֮Ͼƿأܿͷ֣⸽֮ڣȻûĴڣֻǰһö
ѾػУΪĵλã˵ۻĻӦŶԡ
ѵľֻһѾõ˾۵öĵ򣬷ֱǾƿغ;֮ģһöУصѵһطĵã
뵽ɾЩʧϾڵõĵҲûκãûʱȥ֪һط
㽫öŪ֣ȻڸѰҿϾô˵ֻһöЩ˵ȥٻö޾ҩ񻰰ɣ
ػǾ۵߼֮ͨһ
öƮŵ𽥿ȥ뷨ʼЩı䣬ΪܿоöȻɢһּΪϢֲϢûиܵΧճĵϢһ𣬶ȲöɢĲϢ
һɲϢ·Զŵʱһֱ浽ڣһӱһȻȴ֪öһֱɢֲϢɼһΪĴڡ
ѵʲô֮
ûһĨ棬𽥿һЩ֮󣬲ŷ澹ȻһȦ͸ķϡ
ǲϣƺǴöɢģϢǴɢЩ졣
ΧޱճľģȻȫ޷ͻǲϣȥöı壡
ִӻͳһöȻ䶪ΧճľУȻöֱӱİɣվȻڻһ̯Ѫ֮ɫڳ˾ĵһ֡
һָоöԲѰĶ
ԸһĶͲѰֶˣδֱȥö򣬶һĹŲӰݻĹŲӰȥȡö
۳ĻĹŲӰȻҲžӡǵϢΧճҲ׷׳ΧɢȥĹŲӰóһ·
ĹŲӰֱ֣ץöŵͨ͸ϵʱȴͻȻǰ͸ϵĲϢɣĹŲӰ˲䳹𣬴ǰʧ
һĹŲӰֱӱϢ
ûӦǻĹŲӰѾʧˣǰͰ͸ϣȴͬԭһţ·بŲ䡣
δۻĹŲӰԣ֣ܿĹŲӰ޷öģһϵĲϢͻὫ䳹
һǸһ⣬ҪβŪ֣
õİ취ǻλ˼ˡ
Ǿ۽ɹ˲ػУҪβܵõö
ܵõĻôӵоӡǣ϶ҲܹõģȻˣѵǲ͸ϣֻһ̬壿
ȴϴϿ϶ǴڵģϾ꣬߱
ǰ˵ĻԼȥܵõˣҪûĹŲӰ̽
ԣȥɣ
һ룬ֱӴץһͷ۾ڵı޳״ı޸ճֱ֣ӱӵöȥ
Ǳޱö˶˵ϢõͻȻ˺
ʱҪܣȴָˣӵǰ͸ϵʱ״ֱӴϣδĹŲӰ
Ȼ̬Ĵڣ
ʱһϲ


1021 ɱ
Ȼ͸סޣȴܹ
䲻߱ӡǵϢΧճľոܵ޵ϢֱӾӿֱϳǰ͸ϣȻ侫˲ƣֻƬ̱㳹Ƭճ֮У
꾫񱻽֮󣬱޵Ҳ𽥱ɣܿʹǰʧˡ
ͷû
עֻǱƽ˰͸ϣҲʹţϲ赲̬Ĵڡ
һ˼㿿ȥȻֱӴ˰͸ϣûܵǹɲϢĹ
ˡ
һϲֱӽץУʱûйۿٴϸһ飬ֱȷûʲôΣ֮󣬲ڿʼ鿴öصݡ
УвûʲôּأеֻһЩֵֹͼΣǹ޾ϢǴЩͼϴġ
Ǿ۶طĵá
ܿȷһ㣬Ȼ΢΢üͷŴЩͼ֮Уһʽݣɱ
ɱʲô
Դ˲ȴ֪϶һ˲õĶܾ似似ĻۺαؽڲػУ
似ȻǰˣҪôɱѵһ似
ǣطֶΣֻҪǵܹģҪٿһ򡭡
ˣѵɱ۶ûɹģΪûɹԲҪ򣬵Ƚ֮󣬻ܹо
뵽ԣʱôƲĻɱп۶ûɹֶΣ
似طʲôģڻ޷֪Կ϶ɹɱĻսܹһء
Ȼ۶ûܽɱɹҪɱѶȿ϶ߣʱǸܵˡ
ҡҡͷʵ
ػУȷõ˺ܲĶǾǼɱ򣬳֮⣬
ǣⶫֽ׶ζ˵ȴûʲôãҲ޷ȼü֮
ɱƺֲ̺ͬɱǿֶΡöеĲϢУƺܵһЩϤζ
պֺ֮Ȼ뵽һ㣬ôһƲ⣬ɱеȻеġĺͻȪĵʣ
ġġȪģɱеĲϢǲ̫ԶЩ
ҲóһƲۣпܣ۵ʱ޷ɹɱȴ΢һе˾ʹ
ʹȪʹʹʹĴʹǾ۵Դпܾɱ
Ȼʹʹ߸Ҳûа취ȥѯ˭ˣҪ֤ʵһĻΨԼɱˡ
ӣ˵ңңڣֻҪܶɹǰѹأеʱȥɱ
뿪׼翴ȥ
˾ʼŲػȥȥٶȣҲͽʱ˶٣ŲճΪó·ܹǰУĻ»ᱻЩɵ

֮ڻص˲ػ֮⡣
ϣԼԼ͸¶һֲϢͷ˾Ԫ׺͵ɶЩ졣
Сӣȥô£Ȼһɱ䣿ʵ˲ٰɣ
˾ԪЦ
Ȼɱ˵ھ˵ɱﵵĴڣ͸¶ȥǵѡ
ֻܸЦһãµĶȷκ˵õʵġ
κ˶ʸõġ
ɳƵ˼ȻѡΪĽļ̳ߣȻΪй֮޷ʤΡ
˵ġˡƾָˡ
ϣ˰ɣǸˡ
δ˵ʲôתͳ֮򹹽Ϳռͨһֱǰߣ˾Ԫ׺͵ں棬Ҳûʲôס
ţ˾Ԫ׺͵ʩչӰ𣬳֮Уֻʣһвϴ
ڣгѾȥһ£˾Ԫ֤¾԰ȫڣѾȥһʱ䡣
;ʱ򣬿ԻȥһۣȴҲԲ̫ܵʱ䣬¶û취ǰ¶档
Ϊһ¶棬˿ͻпܱݳ̰ȫʱ䣬ԽжǳΣԼ̶ȵӡ
ǰ磬ֻǿһ۾ߣ˳㣬Ըһ֮ǷҪĶ
ϾյľӡǴﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮˣпܾ֮ʱܹоһЩʲô
ӲػǾʱ䣬˶ٷ֮һľӡǣҾմﵽٷ֮ʮҲѾԶˡ
ٷ֮ʮϣһЩʱ䣡
дڴڷ򲻶ϴǰ;У޶ȵԾӡǵճ̶ȡ
Ѿ˱֮סһƬΡ½ǰ
ʱ䣬ѰУеľϢڽӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮţٷ֮һܷʱ䣡
ϣ֮УϾ֮ҲǾ۵֮ͨһҲܴʲôöܹ̽⵽ʮﷶΧڵУ˵̽⵽֮еڡ
ʱ䣬Ǹ֮ܵԼϣԷȻ޷Ŀꡣ
Ǳߵĵ۾СȫҲûж·ûĴйעҲ˾Ԫ׸ұ֤°ȫʱԭڡ
ܸо֮ԼϵĴԽԽ࣬ӵȷӲ̫ʱˣûʲôĻһеĵطˡ
ϣû֮һƬ
ֱⳡѽ֮綼ؽȳ֮УˡʮǱѩ۹κϵʧأʱûоȥˡ
Ѿȥ˴ʱ䣬磬ûܴӰֱȫָɼʧΪء
Ǳѩ۹ʱڵķչΪˣĲϹżصʾѩ۹ǰѰңȫõЩϹżеĴкͱʵ
ñѩ۹ѾΪԵһѾԱȼʥǸʮЩʵ
ʱ˵ڰֱ֮ؽУʮˣᱱѩ۹
ؽһʱ򣬿עǻתƵѩ۹


1022 ֪ɱ
總ε˼ʱʱ䣬˲̽һϵ֮⣬˳һΧ֮е
ϧǣھĽڵľ׼֪ҲֻʮͷһķΧڹޱ߼ʵ֮˵ȫǾţһëֻܸ֪֮ԵһСƬΧѡ
Щź֮УҲʲôõĶˣΪûôʱȥһƬ֮
ȷûʲô鷢֮뿪磬ϿԶȥ
ھĽڵһվһվڣܽӡյٷ֮ʮôһоͰˡ
У鷳ͺܴˡ
ɱУܵһ˿۵ϢĻܰѾӡյٷ֮ʮһɱ䡣
ܿϧɱУȫûо۵ϢֻһɲϢƣ޷վӡṩκΰ
뿪֮󣬱޾֮дУѰдڵУܹ֪ʮﷶΧڵУÿҵĸеӣٶѾˡ
Ҫƾһڽӡյٷ֮ʮȴǲ̫ԶЩ
ڣܹ֮ʮеľϢڽӡմﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
ӡյٷ֮ʮʱԼĽĸ֪׷һɱ䣡
ԭǿܹһЩĽ֮ʵ͸֪ڣһľӡǣָоĽԼһ
ȻûȫվĽ磬޷Ľ統ԼС磬ǣҲĸ֪ʵһ˼
ĸ֪ΧֱӴʮһǧΧ˽һٱʵھĽѾٴܹԾĽ֮һٱļӳɡ
ںͺѩżдʱܻʮ౶ڣӾĽпԻõﵽһٱ
һΪֲ֣൱ֱĻ
˵֮ǰԿѩż΢еǿĻôڣȫԴȥԿѩżԶԷɫҲҪӱܣ涼ֵܹס
ǽӡյٷ֮ʮ֮һɱ䣬ȻһнھĽڡ
뿪˾Ľ磬ĻͻᱻԭΣûоĽܺͶǵ۾ˡ
ɱ䣬ڵ˵õĲʵǸ֪ΧĴ
ԭֻʮĸ֪Χŵһǧ⻹ָ׼֪
һ֮һЩ仯ҲӲĸ֪̫ԶĻ֪ûôˡ
ĸܵӾӡһεڷɢȥĽڵĿռ䣬Ľ總֪
ȫհٷ֮ٵľӡǵĻұ֪Լһ׵һˣʲôطʲôһɨֻܺٷ֮ٻкܳһξ롣
˷ܵǣ֪ŵԲһǧʱֱӾܸܵԼΧΧڣͬʱڳɰǧУ
ЩУɾ۵Ϣ۶ɣУһϢۺ塣
Ѱ˵ؾڣϢۺҲûκãΨж˵ȴԸٶվӡǡ
ÿһУ൱һµʱȥվӡǣԽʡʱ䡣
ʱڶԼܷڰȫʱڣӡյٷ֮ʮ΢˵ġ
ڽӡյٷ֮ʮ֮ǰÿֻҵĸвա
ڣÿյٱ֮ǰʮ
ϾҲҪʱ䣬Ѿ˷㹻Уȴû㹻ʱյĵزˡ
Ǻܶʳڷǰȴֻһһãӵٶ࣬ÿõʳҲֻôѡ
Ͷ뵽˷еĹУ̫ƫԶľûȥˣŴǰ·ߣǰеͬʱҲûз̫ٶȡ
ܿ죬հٷ֮ʮӡ֮ĵһȥˣһʱڣܹʮУ⣬ֵֻеʮ֮һ
˵֮ǰǷֵ̫٣ôڣȫѾܹյķΧ
޷֪ôΧڵʱδƬ޾֮УȻôУǸֶ֪֮̽仯
ʮȥԾӡǵգֱӴӰٷ֮ʮ˰ٷ֮ʮȥĻֻҪʮʱ䣬հٷ֮ʮľӡˡ
ֻϧӡҪԽ࣬ѶԽ󣬶еٶȣѾ˼ޣÿҲʮУҲ˵վӡǵٶȣһݼȥ
ڶ죬ʮУŽӡյٷ֮ʮ壬Ѿ˰ٷ֮һ
졢졭
ֱʮʱȥѾ˵֮һ·̣ڼ䲻УܹٶеľϢ
ԾӡǵգҲֻǵ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬾˾Ԫ˵°ȫʱ䣬Ѿȥһ룬ʣʮİȫʱ䣡
ʱڸоʼżֱ֮Ӵ⽵ٵԼϣȻ¥ɽϴзԼڣҪֱԼϢ
ĽƱЩжȫЧ
ҲʾĴѾ¶¥ɽϣºܿͻǰĽԸȻһʱ֮Ҳʱƣվпҵõġ
ңҲоԼϵ֮ʱƶԽԽǿȻԽԽǿǿ˵ԽԽˡ
м¶飬ܿҪ٣
£ӼӿеٶȣֻҪӡյٷ֮ʮֱӴžĽ磬һӳ¥ɽϵĹϽΧ
Ǳߣ۾С֮Ѿˡ
˾Ԫ״һõϢҪǣȻݲϣȴͨݵֶΣݳǵĴݡ£¥ɽѾȫԱϾӦѾ֪ǾҪ߾Ľˡ
ȷǸǳõϢ
ϢǣĽݣԷҪݵ˵λûǷǳѵģٶʱ޷
ұӿٶˡ
صĵ˵ͷӿٶȸδӿٶУΪеٶѾ˼ޡ
ֻҪȸܹڹؼʱ̣һʱ䣬ؼһʱ䣡


1023 Ѱ
һ߸һ;УԼԾӡǵա
һ·ϣÿκοеʱ䣬᳢һɱܿϧǣüʱһ֮Ҳٱϣ
֪ʱ޷ɱģϾ۶ûܹĴڡ
۴˶ã
Ѿû֪
۶ûĶڶʱɾͣȫǲܵ飬ܿͷˡ
ֽ׶ҪվӡǣܼӿһٶȾͼӿһٶȣͲôһʱ䡣
ڣӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬֮ÿֻٷ֮һĳ̶ȣһԽԽ
˾Ԫŵ°ȫʱ䣬ʣʮ죬Ȳʮ죬ͻ
ԽԽ֮ϣǳ¥ɽϿ϶ѾԱ
Ϳ¥ɽЩˣܲվӡǵٷ֮ʮ֮ǰҵˣ

¥ɽϣ彮ڵһ壬һƬޱȹǺ֮УƬǺӣǡ¥ɽǺӡ
¥ɽǺӣֻ彮ڵǺ֮һ磬ÿ嶼ԼӵеһƬǺΪͳ콮¥ɽˣҲˡ
ڵľĽ磬¥ɽ˵ֻһͨСˣ¥ɽǺ֮УųǧƵС磬ֲ¥ɽǺڵĸ
ʱ˿̣ĽڴѾԽԽ¥ɽ߾ۼ׼̤Ľ磬Ѱټ
ҪĽ磬Ѿݳ˼ȶʵ¥ɽϵȻӲܡ
ϾĽ¥ɽϵĶеԴҲ¥ɽϵģĲ˵ÿ꣬¥ɽ϶ܴӾĽڴʮţʮȫл̤ؾĴڡ
ţÿΪصĶھҪĽ磬ҲϱȻҪȫֹ
ϧǣСѰģǶ¥ɽϵĴ˵ҪڹľĽҵһҲڴ롣
ؼǣ˽ƣκݣǲѰңĻ˵һһڸҲڶʱڽһ¶ҳ
һھĽ֮⣬һ˽Ľ磬ͷѰҾӡǳߡٶҪ죬ҵ֮ҪǰһҪһʱ䱨Ϣ
ĽһЩУڶԼĽѵ㣬Ǿӡǳԣضǿ߱Բκڣж
Ϊȡʱ䣬ЩҲǳ˵ˡ
Ƿ־ϵļƻѾͦһʱˣΪټһжͻ˺üʱ䣬Ͼ¥ɽǺӷΧʵ̫ˣֲټҲܽ˾ͽ
˵֮˾ж
һǿ˾ĽڴΪ赲ľǿߣһһ˾ĽС
Կȥǿ̤뵽ĽУҾ̤ؾĴڣƱҪӡǳҵܵĻ׽ܵĻ͵նɱ
Укüļһ
һ˫ףһһŮȺؾǿ֮УڽŽ
ӡǳߣҲ֪ǲϴھǵǸСӡ
׾²˵ϦˣΪˣǲܹھ򵽴֮Ӷ˫˫ͻƵؾ
ĻǿЩҵǿԻһ顭ǰЩӣǸպͻƵؾĻڶѾˡ
ŮӺѩЦűʾϦӡ㲻ھĽǾӡǳߵĻͻλᣬһ顣
Σ¥ɽϳ˲٣Ҫ뿪ʵ̫ˡ
׾ҡҡͷ̾˿ҵĻ뿪ǻ顣֮Ҫˣ޹ˡ
Ͼϵ¥ɽϵ棬׾ܷܣҷѾǴ֮ˡ
ǰǺ׾ܹǰҵǰҵĻôˡ
һߣȺһƮ쳤ȹƯŮΪˣ͸죬ģɬ㸽ȵŮӣ̡
һ˫ףһ̣Բؽвؽһĵһ֮ơ
еջһѾ̤ؾͻƵȫµ磬һУѲϵ
֪ǾӡǵĳߣǲأĻҶҪƴȫסС
ԺиֳһĨ㣬ȳĳʱ뵽º;еϵڿӵоӡˡ
δҷϾжٳͻƵؾǾ
˵̱һ˫׸ӦעضĶ飬ѶȻΪ˰һѡ
ȻǾӡǳߣͺðĶ࣬ϧҲ֪Լ͡
¥ɽϵĴǣȻ֪Ⱥлһ˫׺ģǷڣֻ֪ڱֹϵıƣסĽ磡
ǿߣͬʱ˾Ľ磬þĽڲһƬ
Ҫ֪ǿ֮Уа˳ɶؾĴڣǶǾԼСģ֮໥ųģĽ磬Ͳһ֮
ʣЩ۾ǿߣҲֶ̽ηǳ˵õģǽΨһĿģҪҵӡǵĳߣ
Ծļƻ¥ɽڳ׶Ա
ѾݳϢǣڽӽǰǾӡǳնɱ˵۾Сӵʮˣʮˣһȫżûзֶߡ
֮󣬾ҲûݵйؾӡǳߵϢпܳھĽκεطڳո߲εľӡǣԣհٷ֮ʮ֮ǰҵ֪ͨˣ
ЩϢ̤Ľǿߣȫõˡ
ż˾Ԫ׺͵óޣǾϵرһżž֪ƻǾڱ߻ˡ
һ˫˵ھ֮˫˫ͻƵؾ֮ƺδ뿪ˡ
̽Ľ֮󣬸ܵԼСĽ֮ͻһֺܵĸо
ھĽУʵѹס˺ܴһ֣˵Ǳǵ۾Ҫǿ⣬ǿĳ̶Ҳˡ
Լ֪йϢóһŵĽۡпڽǰĽߴ֧
ôҪҵͱⷽȥƲ⣬Ҳ֪Ѿӡյʲô̶ˣ
̶Դ൱ĺ棬ܿ죬뿪˴󲿶ӣʼж


1024 ֮
ǰ˾Ԫŵ°ȫʱ䳹׹ȥ֮͸окܶޱǿĴڣ˾Ľ֮С
ڣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮߵľӡǣԶԾĽһЩȽϴĶܹ׸ܵõˡ
ؾǿ̤ĽУСĽ֮ͻ˵ǳУܹɵĸܵ
ҲֻܹоԷĽһ˲ѣԷھĽվȽŸ֮󣬾ܹ˫֮Ĳ£ȻʵȻѹƣȴκβϢܵ
߰ٶؾǿߣ¥ɽϵʵȻ£ȫܹȵģκһؾǿߣ綼ܹѹκδڡ
𺳣ͬʱףһԼҵ֮ǰ̫Χסô϶û߾Ľˡ
ţ˾Ԫ׺͵˿϶ᱣ֤ԼȫȴĽ磬֮
οҪ߾Ժúȥء
߰ٶؾǿߴĽ磬ܵʼλãܿЩۼʧˣΪġ
ھĽޱȾ޴Щ˽Ľ֮󣬷ɢھĽأ֮붼൱ԶмȽϽģҲǰ·ϡ
˵ԷܹҵĿԲǺܴ󣬲ǧܺÿһλǿߵֶΡ
ǵ۾εĴڣпرߴͨԾĹܣ˭Ҳ˵׼Ƿʲô˻ͨʲôҵټ
ģΨмӿٶȣ
֮
ϢѾӰ쵽Ȼں֮䣬ľ룬Ӱʵ̫󣬸ôԶǴһ
ֲ꣬ɱУ
Ǿ۵ǿͨһʩչΧ궼ᱻȥƬӴ˻ɢκѾˡ
˰ٷ֮ʮ˵ľӡǣϸܵ˼ǿ˵ˡ
ر˾Ԫ׺͵ˣʩչӰ󣬵ȴҲܵӰ죬ھĽУ֮ͻʵ½ֿ࣬ĹлǸܵЩԽǿǾԽࡣ
Ǳʵǿֱ֪ʲôˮƽĴڣ᲻ǴײΣ
ö֪
Ȼʮ˵ܴôǾ㲻ǴְģҲ϶ؾбȽǿĲˡ
ǰˡ
һеľϢͷִǰһʩչռֶΣԼٶȴ͹
һѩ׳ȹƮ죬ѩ͸죬Ȼ֮ǰȹĲؽỤ̊
Ȼ
ɫһ
ڵ̣ȻѾ̤뵽ؾĲΣȫƮϢתʹ˿Ϊˡ
ɲΪȹԷκδ̬Ͼڿ˵֮ĶԷһʱ򽲾֮
¥ɽ˫ĹϵǰΣ֪Ҳֻ֪Ҫ֪ڣ¥ɽ֮Ƕģ
һʲôķӦȫ޷Ԥ⵽
Ҫҳ֣λǰæ
˾Ԫ׺͵˴
ھ뻹ͦԶڳֶԸ˵ˣʱǿ¶޷ǰ
˾Ԫ΢ЦŴԣúÿŰɣĻŮӲ㶯ֵġ
ô֪
ʶһ䣬̾ͷӦ˹ȷ
Ҫ˾Ԫ׽ͣԼͨйؼΪȻѾ̣ô̿϶ҲѾˡ
̶еĻ϶ͽϢ֪ͨˣڣȴδκϢȻа˳ɿǶûеġ
ΪжӺ˰Ȼһûд
Ȼδʧȥ裬ǳǰǰУܿͷ̾Ȼڿһ̶֮ԶԶĳ΢ЦŴ˸к
벻Ȼ㣬Ҵ¥ɽ׽㣬ӦðϢȥȹһҲܶ𱨡
˵¥ɽֻ֮ԶԶԹۣ˭ʤҶᾡȫסҵʦ¥ɽϻǺлȨģҪ䵽¥ɽУҲû˸Ҷ㡣
ˣлˡ
̵ĻޱȲ죬û˶˵̩֮ɽϾ˫̶ͬ𱨣Ҳûκ˻ָʲô
˵仰֮󣬾ͳԶ˿ˣδԽӽ
ȴҲû˵̫ԶĵطǾ֮ͬʱԼΡ
ֶΣ˾ԪסҪϲˣƾ谵Ӱ֮Ͼƿأλá
Ȼ˫̫޷׼ȷ̵ܵľΪ
һֱ᲻ᷢϢȥˣ
̲סĲ²⣬ܿ˾Ԫ˵ûκζֻǸں棬ȷ뱨ˣ벻㾹Ȼȹ̣
ôˣ̺
ԴҲЩ档
Ȼʦ¥ɽϲؽһףǲؽĴбȽǿƵһλΪ֮ġ˳ơ֮Ϊ˵á
˾ԪЩĽˣƴ̾硣
ʦĶ֣̾磡
⻰ĳԾˣȴҲ֪óĿ²ǽڽ棬Ǵ˶ֵҲ
ڽ棬ʤˣ֮ľͽʢؽ֮¥ɽϵһ壬˴ҲЩϵ
ɳƵ˵
̵ʦ֮ģ֮
ЩϢУȻòţ磬һԷġ
˾Ԫ׵֮һŮӣ֮䣬ƺ˾Ԫ׶ԴŮҲ͵ӡ
֣δ˼ƲȥΪЩûʲô̫ˡ
Уվӡǣ̾͸ԶԶţûб¶κϢȥ
ǰ֮ڽӡ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣٷ֮ʮûʲôĻµʱͿˡ
¥ɽϵؾǿνô࣬µʱ䣿
˾ԪƲ⣬ٹʱ䣬ڵλý᳹ױ¶
ҪǰٻҪʮʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬֮ʤܹؼ


1025 ǧӰ
ĽУѰټؾǿߡ
֮İΧûǰȥңҪ磬ͨǿĿռ䴫ĴؾǿߣҲҪķѽµʱܹ
¥ɽֱͨǰģͨܵò죬ǰһӰֱʱͨеѾĹˡ
ڣҪĻ빹ͷ󣬲ܹ硣
мؾǿߣ֮⣬ʼͷֽУٶȵǱȵ˹ͷ˺üʱˡ
Ȼô˵ǰ綼ҲģڣܶѶ硣
ؼʱ̣Щץס˱ѩ۹Щˣǰвô죿
ڵԴûκΰ취֪ߵ飡

֮ǰУеҲЩǡ
ԭ¥ɽϵҡÿʮһű¥ɽϣ¥ɽϵ˶籣Ȳ
ڣĽ綼Ҫˣ˭֪ǻ᲻ʲô
ҲûʲôãľǾվӡǣĽߣһ鶼ܸ㶨
ƺǿĵǣ˾Ԫ΢΢һЦ˵㵹ǲ̫ǱߵǰϵߵˣԣǱ߻аŵģıǡ
Ǿͺá
˿˾Ԫ׺ı֤ǱߣӦòʲôˡ
Ҳʱָܵ˺üǿؾ˲˾Ľ֮УֱӳԱߡ
⼸ؾϢ;ĽЩƣ˫֮ͻ̫ǿˣ⼸ؾھĽڣʵѹƵıȽ١
Ǿϵˣ
ԶԶ緽Ϣв²š
⼸ؾǿߣϢΪ΢֮𵴣ֲǣɼǿ
ֽ׶Σ¥ɽϷؾĽ϶ǿˣǼܷͨؽĽ磬׼ˡ
һУ֮У
ؾ֮սһ緽򣬺ܿʹһսľ
ǰŸյõӡǲãܸܵؾǿھĽеս
Ѿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣܹĸоĽڣԴ֮ǿ󲨶
Ľ磬ʱѾ˵СˣСսȻܹĸܵõ
緽ս϶¥ɽϵؾǰ̽һҲǱΪѹСҵĸʡ
˾٣Ϊȡ˲ʱ䣡
ٷ֮ʮʣľ롣
ֹ죬µͻƣλϣӰѾǳǿ󣬳֮ˣٵǵ۾ֵܹˡ
ǵ۾ĴڣλãֱӾͻᱻߣӴ˱һʬ⣡
ʱ򣬾ĽڣѰж緽սѾ뵽˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
֮ս϶ƺǲЩǣƣҪɱУʱ䡣
⣬һҪͷ󣬾ͻ˳ƻ¥ɽϵ˾ۼöˣƻ˾ͷ׷ӴӰ¥ɽϵһЩ˷ǳջ𣬵ȴް취
ʱڣҲ¥ɽϵؾǿߣ̤뵽˾ĽУѰټĽ綼Ѿ鲼ǵ̽ˡ
ֻҪؾǿ߾ĵطᱻһ˿˾ضᾪǡ
֮ѾĽڵİ˳ɷΧʣɣͱضܹҵˡ
Ҳʱ˾Ԫ׺͵ɣͻȻ
ʱУΧЩȻ˾Ԫ׺͵ɵĸ֪ҲȻôǿȴҲܸܵκ顣
Ȼ˷˸ˣ
ںظ֮⣬˿˾Ԫ׺͵ֶԷ֮ǰͲȡж˲˳ȥֲã
˾Ԫ׺͵ɵĳ֣Ҳע⵽ߵ־￪ĵطһɫ˾Ԫ׺͵Էס
Ǽǵˣ󲿵һһƺ־
־¥ɽ˴ǰ˵ǵ۾ƺǳΪ֮ҵټˡ
ֻϧ־սʵ̫ˣ
ûüϢȥ˾Ԫ׺͵ɾѾΧһӰ֮н־ն飬촷ۣѪطûܷκã
Ϊ˫ʵ̫ˣ˾Ԫһȥ㽫־˳״ݻ٣ûκĿܡ
־ĳ֣ƺѾ־Ҳҹ
ʵϣھؾǿߣѾȻǷǳܣĽ綼ұˣֻʣطֻˡ
ٱ¶һʱˡ
¥ɽϴ󲿶ΧǻΪ㵲סؾļһ۾εġรɣǵֶΣֻˡ
˾Ԫ׶˵
˾ԪҲ֪ڵѾ˹ؼʱ̣һκλʧ󣬶ᵼ¾ĽʧҽûʲôӵĻˡ
ֻʣµ۾ĻӦûʲô⡣
֣صĵ˵ͷ
ɲ˵󻰣հٷ֮ʮӡǵʱ򣬾Ľ֮ʮ౶Ļ
ڣհٷ֮ʮľӡǣĽܹ֮ٱ
һٿֲˣھĽ֮ļӳ£ǵ۾һս֮ġ
ңǵ۾Ҳٵóһȥֵ˺
˳֮£Բһǵ۾
Ȼ̫Ļܣֶβ٣ֻҪ˫κˣ¶Է˶ࡣ
־ȥ֮ĵڶ죬ڸܵˣ˷ǰңֱкܶؾԼ۾εǿߣڵλø˹
ЩǿߣѾλã׷׳ɱ
˾Ԫ׺͵ɣʱҲ˲ˣֻһޣҲǴ˵еżżȻģһ
ؼʱ̣żֵƬ̣ؾǿߣ޷ͻżķɣ
ţٶȳǰ
ڣ˾Ԫ׺͵൱Ϊȡʱ䣬ܿ죬ͻϵǿ߽٣һʱ䡣
ֻҪӡյٷ֮ʮܴ̾;Ľ磬ֱˣ
׷ɱΧЩ¥ɽؾǿߣܿ췢ԼԵһӰӰ˾Ԫ׺͵
ǧӰطǹӰˣ
Щؾǿߣܿϳ˾Ԫ׺͵ɵݣϰؾǿǰȻһ˾Ԫ׻ߵɵĺӰס
ӰǧӰ˾Ԫ׺͵ɵݺֶΣ


1026 նɱ۾
˾Ԫ׺͵ͬʱʩչֶΣϰ¥ɽϵؾǿȫס޷ͻƣסǵֻ˾Ԫ׺͵ɵǧӰҪ֪˾Ԫ׺͵ɵ磬ͳѰؾǿߣ
ǰֵЩؾǿߣûһǴ׼ģҲζţ˾Ԫ׺͵˼޵УȻһж½ԷһնɱȴԷöԷ޷һ
ᣬֱΧȦȥ
ס
¥ɽϵؾǿ߶ʱĴܿǷ֣˾Ԫ׺͵ɶֻסЩؾǿߣȴûס۾εޡ
ԣǷ׷ײ²⣬˾Ԫ׺͵ҲѾ˼ޣЩ۾εĴڣƾѾ޷ˡ
е۾ȫСס˴һ
˶ʱΧУϰؾǿ֮⣬ʮ۾εߡ
Щ۾εߣǵ۾ʼǵ۾ȫУһʮһˣÿһѲ鷽ֶΡ
¥ɽʱΧܴһ־ʮһ۾޵Ĺ͡
ʮһ۾ۿֻǸ۾۷Сආ׷ЦˣⲻĹ
û˾Ԫ׺͵ɵҪץסһ۾۷Сӣ׾ٵ飿
Ȼ֪ӵоĽӡǣڿ϶ûյ̫ߵĲΣ֮ܵԸǡ
Ȼˣʲô취ӵõ
ʮһ˷ֱӲͬ򣬳ڴΧռĿʼ˸ֻҪʱ䣬ʮһ˾ܼͬʱԡ
ʮһΪ۾εǿߣͨ似սԲףֵһǣ˿ĵطʵ⵽һѹơ
ǵ۾ѹסһʵǵ۾ǵ۾ܷӳޣ
һǵ۾ٶ죬֮˲Ϣ֮ǰɴ̧۳
׵˸׹Ҫ˶С
Ȼǵ۾ʵ£ѾĶˣ
ۿŶԷȻԳûκԥɱһ漴߶ھӡǣ֮ȫ
հٷ֮ʮľӡǣٶ౶ĻӳɣڵʵѾ൱ǵ۾ĲΣ
˵Էǵ۾ʵ⵽ѹƣԸʩչȫĻ꾫ᱻ˺ߡ
ԣ˶Ըֻʹɵ
ͨϢ
һſڣһھϢӿֱӺΧǹƬ׺䴩
ǵ۾ץס´󹦣ܹõ߽ȴôܹ뵽ϲŵ۾۷Ȼܹǵ۾
ϢƣȻת˲ٵǵ۾ͷֲɭȻϢͷһʶҪʩչռ롣
֮ô³ç嶯ҲԼĵƵģԿռĵ򳬳Ѱ࣬㷢ʲôҪҲ׾١
һ͹ȻڳУͬʱһƬϮȫ
򣬽һпռĵΪģ˲ɢϰ￪⣬ֱӽʮһ۾ǿ߶ڡ
׵ģ嵽ǰǵ۾
룬ȴڵĿռĶдΪ𾪣æ֮ʩչһзͨɾҪֵϢ
ǣִʩչķֶΣ䱾ֵˣôܵסƻ˿ֲľϢ
ģ˲ᴩǵ۾ȻǿȲȴҲһֱɱƬ
ǵ۾
ĵһĻֱΧʣµʮ۾ǿɫ䣬˵Ǹ֮һȴҲţڵӵɱЩ˵ʵ
һ˲䣬ʣʮ˶ӡ󳹵׸Ĺۣ񷽲ҪȥץסǷ׷׵Σ׼ȡʤ²ץסֻҪʱҲǴһ
һǵ۾ֱ֮ʣµʮ۾ˣûа취̶ȵĴڣһǶԼ䱦
ûκ˻Ե޹ԼͷԷȣΪ޴;ǰ
ʮסΣ໥䶼һСξ룬ʮסȥ·
ֻҪһʱ䣬ؾǿ߹С˲ɣ
ǲй޹̬о鷳
ڿռı׷Էǰ̣ҪץסԷʱԷһȫնɱ
ԷȴΪһǵ۾֮ĲðǽҪסʱ䡣
ǰС
ûκԥûдԭأӦ
һǵ۾һۣȻһ̧֣֮ۡ
ǵ۾ɫһݣ̿ʼ׼һ̣ȴȫûǵ۾ǳ෴һŮǵ۾͵Ϯ
Ӿ˵Ůǵ۾ôҲ뵽ὫǵһĿ꣬Ͼǵ۾ڳʮ۾Уһǵ۾һǵ۾ôѡ
Ҫľֳ䲻Ч
ѪʥͼѪͼ
һѪɫ˲г֣Ůǵ۾Уıٶȼ죬Ůǵ۾⧲ûκηӦͱС
Ѫɫʹ޷ȴ޷ס
סңΣ
Ůǵ۾ѡ֮Աǣ˿ӵɱֻҪһʱ䣬һϵĻɾ·ˡ
ңӲΪԼһ۾۷Сӣոǵ۾ֻһЩȴûҳ֡
ȻΪͻƿڣôͺúʲôǵ۾
壬ƣ
Ůǵ۾ȫ˲ӿ޾ĺһ㣬Ѫɫ׶סȻȻըѪɫ˲䱻ݻٴ
ֻһ˲ѪͼսסͱסƣҪҲһ˲ѡ
󡭡Ԩ
ȫȻŵŮǵ۾ΧȻ֣Բ˼ٶȳŮǵ۾ȥ
ԾĽ籾֮ȫԨҲٱһУӾŸϮողŴѪͼͻƵŮǵ۾ûа취ܣ
Դ֮֮ģ
Ůǵ۾״֪̾ɫޱ͸һöʯͷɢ޾ĺ
ıԴ֮֮ģ


1027 ն
ź֮ĳ֣ٴγѶУɺԵĲɣĺ֮ıԴ֮˼ϡ
Ѻ֮У˺֮ĵϢתһصĺ֮ǽҪֵסԨľŵֲѷ졣
Ѻ֮У̫żսѶŮǵ۾ϵϵĳ̶ȣֻһܴﵽ˫
ÿһѺ֮УǿŮǵ۾ʵڶʱ˳ԽѰǵ۾Ŀֲ
ĵ۳̶ȴﵽ۷壬һʱ侹Ȼŵѷֵסˣ
ǵ۾鴫
ãסˣСҲرֻҪסһУӦüˡ
Ůǵ۾ţ¶һĨϲɫûҶãɫͻȻ䣬Ϊܵ˲Ծĵط
ԨϢ̫ɭֲۻ룬Ķȫֵ㵲סԨ
ȫֵԨĻɾûȥ赲ˣ
⣬״˵ֵסԨȴģΪóŮǵ۾ѾʩչȫŵסԨ
һĻ
һ̣Ůǵ۾ûܷʲô侫ֱӱ˺뿪򱻳ɢ
ǵ۾ǿߣⶼǺܲţ˾ĽУȴŵ۾۷εò˵Ǹź
ӴҲܹóڱ˵Скͱսȫǲǵ顣
ûȫվӡأҪȫյĻѰؾǿߣһĶˡ
Ҫ֪Ľ磬ھ۵С磬ۣȫʢʱٶǴﵽ˴׵ĴڣСе֮ԣ˴׵ĳ̶ȣܶԸѰؾ
Ůǵ۾ȻֵסƷ󣬾Ԩ侫ȴֱߣ˺˳ֱû
ȴûһ̧֣ԼУԴŮʲôͼֻһǵ۾Ͽ϶źܶöɣ
Щɲ˷ˣ
ԷѾڣֻǸտǣĶȫܻʲôӦ侫걻˺飬ս֮ģ϶ȫ֮
ڸոǵ۾˻ҽֻʣռսھȽԶҲûʱȥˡ
͵ǰģȻĶҪ֪һʧ󣬺пܾͻᶪ
ɱ
Ůǵ۾ȡߣʣľ۾Уһ׳˲䱩ŭȫȼ޾棬ڴ˲䱬
Ȼ׳͸ոŮǵ۾һϵҲѹϵŮǵ۾֮ôŭ
ҪľЧ
ԷҪ侲һֵ˺ãԷǱý꣬Ҳлɳˣ
׳˫ĵĳռжͻԵϢδȴѾܵ¶ȵļ
Ѫͼ
ûκԥһ˦ַųѪʥͼѪͼһѪɫǽǵϡ
ǶԷһ۵ͨľϢǹΪ񱩵һˣѪɫǽֱӱǵ֧顣
ţҲ˽һϰö䰵ǽ֣߶ȥıը
䰵ǣȻֻϹż似ڱĽ֮ӳٱ֮󣬻ܹսϵġ
ϰö䰵Ǳƣڱɢǿ׳ѾԶһȭͷֱ
׳ȭͷϣһսףֱһȭռκȫɢȥֻʣĻģһֲɱ
ӲӲĻҲ̫Щ
ɱһһ̧֣ʩչ˾ƿط˵ϢͻȻʧΣһû
ݣ
׳״ʶʩչ֮Ҫݳڵλá
֮ˣͬҲʶĴ߶֮һ⣬֮ٵ֮ǰѾȫֵסˣȫ޷ݳйκϢ
ֻһĸӣδʩչ֮΢΢ڣֻܹյˣ
׷ٷǳóʱ򣬾Ѿڳвһž֮֮ӰΣᱻκ˸ܵȴܲ׽һж
ǱߣСģ
ɫȴǺܿˣȻܹܵ٣ٶʵ̫ˣֻһ˲Ѿһǵ۾͵Ϯ
ֱ֮͵Ϯ˿ûˮȻٱǲ֮ĸӸܵˣǸȴҲˡ
ϿʥȪϿվɱն
ŸոȥΣ˫ּѲǳɫˮУڰ֮ӳ£ֱɱһǵ۾
ǵ۾һֱСܵһ˿ΣյϢ׼ʩչֶΣһֶ̣λδʩչ˫۶ʱ˳
о·ֱԽռڣڵľȫʳ˷飡
ǵ۾ǿȲǿҴһЩ似ñѰ˸ǿ
޾սϿʥȪʩչ̫ż似Ͽվɱûκεֵ˲飬Ϊһ
䵤һ˲䣬ûκֵľֱӱ
ʮһ۾εǿߣȻڶ̶ʱڱնɱ
һĻһΧսˣЩ˾Ԫ׺͵סؾǿߣһɫ࣬˫ĿԲ̫Ȼӵս
ֻһ㣺츳ˣڶʱڽӡյܸ߲ΡǼ˾ϣضþʵǣ
ʵϣҪ˵Щ¥ɽϵؾǿˣ˾Ԫ׺͵ˣҲʵսһ
ǱؾȻ֪ԼСսжơ
ڣǻûȫվӡ
˵һԶţ˲նɱ۾ǵ۾ϵģҲʵ˾ȡ
վӡǵĳ̶ȣоĽ֮ӳ֣ҲӦǵ۾ǵ۾Ŷԣʵ϶ԷɱɼʵҲ㹻ǿ
˾Ԫ侲ķ˵


1028 Ȼ
˾Ԫ׵Ʋ⣬Ҳǳͬ㹻ǿ֮ٱɲܻǵ۾˵ǱƵöԷóȫȻ֮ɱˡ
Ѱĵ۾۷ޣٱҲֻܴﵽǵ۾ĲΡ
ڣȴֱӸɵǵ۾ǵ۾ɼͷǳǿ
ţѡе˰
˾Ԫ׺͵ɶԴΪϲ
¥ɽϵЩˣһ˿û뵽սôǿ֪һ㣬ҪôΧȥˡ
ڰװʧ߽׵۾¥ɽ˵Ƿǳʧ
ȻѾ̶ˣǾ;Բˡ
ټһ£ϾҪˣס
һ¥ɽϵؾǿߺ
ʵҪ˵ΧʣµİУĸǵ۾ĸǵ۾ǵ۾Ŀ׳˫Ѿٻһͷ޴Ļޣڵĵطһ档
׳ں޲ɱ˿û֣һֵ֮⣬˹ϡ
һǷǳΣյģȻֶͨβʩչһ˲ԣֵĹƣӶʧܡ
׳ȴδ˼һ㣬˵ڹ
㣬еȻȥĿ겢׳Ǳܹٵĸӡ
ǿУС飬ûǸӸɵ
˲˽ȻٴʩչƿصֶΣһʧ֮С
㱳ˣ
Ǹӵһʱ䳯ſ׳ǿ׳һϲСӹȻϵˣ
󣬾ͣ
׳һ˲̧֣űȻһҵȻ˫ֶΣҴﵽƷĲΣĳҪô˷кܴУ
Ͼһǵ۾εǿʩչƷͷֶΣ治һס
ϧǣһʼû㹥׳
װҪ͵Ϯ׳ȴڿһ˲˺ȥекȻҪƣʶСԼܹж
ᣡ
еٶʵ̫ˣ·һ˲仮գճһԺԶŵУǲ֮ĸӳװΧ
ǸʶҪȴˣ޾֮У֮ӳ֮£ֱɣûиһ˿һĻᡣ
һ
սʶһﾹѾս˫
˴󾪣˲俴ֶΣ˾Ȼû뵽׳ȦףƾͼƣǸӵעûսʶ䳹ɡ
޳ܣ
ɣ
ʣ۾ǿͬʱʵϣ֮սУʩչʲôֶζΪ߿ܣûʲô˵ġ
˸ˣӵڵȴûսʶҲѾ־ܣȻȴǹƶˣԷϷˣ˶Էǿߡ
ڿʼӼѣΪʣˣѾΧ˹ǲҪۼһˡ
֮ǰԷһʱ֧Ԯ
ڣԷκһԷ˶ܹһʱϵ֧ԮγԶٵľ棬ֻҪٿ£ֱ군
ΪˣոյϮɱĿӡ
ӱɵˣֻҪʩչƿصֶΣԷ͸ҵټˣǴﵽؾǿʾ
ؾǿʾҲҪʱ䣬ֻҪһ˲ͿԶԶߣӿ
ԷÿٶȲͬҪ׷ĻͻһαƵķաǨٶˣһжĻôܱȵٶȣ
ߣ
һʱɱٶĵ۾ǿ߶ûãؼĻҪǰС
ոգֻʩչֶһ¶ԷöԷ˼ɣӷԼȥ·̡
ڣĿѾﵽûҪսȥ
μٴȥʱһǵ۾һǵ۾ֱһΧ֮ڣﵽʩչĳֶͨεľ롣
ܣ
ǵ۾һһö飬öս֮޾İӰģ˲γ˿߳ƹ
Ӱ˿
һпͨƾöսʩչǶǵ۾ǿߣܹסһʱ䡣
ǵ۾𾪵ǣӰ˿߲ϵʱȴһεɢ⣬ȫûܹκӰ죡
֮壡
ҲЩ⣬ԭʩչѪʥͼϵһЩֶΣڿҪˡ
ڵѾ֮˵أԵֵһͼۻȻԷпͨӰ˿
ûʲôģڿ֮ǿỹԶԶ
ٱ֮֮ҲųױȵĹʣȻʱ򣬸׵ֵסһпͨ
ȴҲ֮ܵ廯аӰ˿֮ͨ󣬾֮΢Щ⾻֮Ȼ죬Ҳ޵УԷƵĻܹͻľ֮塣
֮
ǵ۾ֱӳһлֵ֮ͨľ꽫ᱻʱ뵽һضĻþ֮С
ˣԴﵽʱסʧڱ֮С
֮ĹĻþΧʱ򣬾֮ٴβЧ޾ľţ֮ŵĹɢ
֮ʱֻʣһ룬ٸԷκλᡣ
طƿֱʩչδ⼸۾ǿǰֱʧųľ
С飬մԽ
ʶͨеһʱմԽȥһӳӿľ룡
նɱ߽׵۾ǿ֮Ȼʧ¥ɽ˴Ϊ𾪡
ԭвڲԶҪϵҲֻܸı䷽򣬳ĵط˲ƹȥ
ڹľĽУҪŲλÿ϶Ҫ˲Ƶģﵽ˵۾εߣ඼кǿĿռ裬ھĽӰ
ٶȴǱ˶Ҫġ
һ棬֮ٱļӳ֣һ棬ԽǿԽǲԶ˲ƣһ㱻˺
׷
ǵ۾ΪĿ׳ۿܣзŭ֮ƽϢֱӳٶ׷˹ȥ
Сģ
˶ʱгһһ׷ô죬


1029 
ʩչմԽֱ˲Ƴľ룬˵İΧȦ
ͻ˫ĵĿ׳ȴҲһ̳ǰȫ׹˸ռĽӳȻһֺ׶似ȫմԽ
ܣ
׳˫֮ŭɱİŮӣܷ룬ǶһˣҲǺԥ׷

˫˲ͨ죬Ʒɺ֮ѪȫѪ죬޾ѪɫƬգǿ׳Ҳڡ
ɺ֮ѪֵֶĿ׳˲ЩģԺȫӿѪɱ֡
䱾Ͷżǿɱ⣬ʶȻһ˲
Ʒɺ֮Ѫǿ֮¶Էûɺ֮Ѫ¾Ҳܵɱָսܶжϣʤƽб
ȻԷʶ˲һȡ˾Եơ
֮
̧б֣ӿǿ׳ۣһС
ᣡ
ģ˲䱬γһתŵУҪǿ׳ȫȥɱ顣
Ȼǿ׳ʶʱʱ򣬾Ȼ˷Ӧ
һֲ׹⣬ǿ׳˸ǿ׳ȫתΪ׵ġ
һ̣ǿ׳Ѫ֮׵֮壡
׳Ϊľ໥Կ˫ξȻ˵׵֮ͻľɱȴҲ޷ᡣ
ֶΣȻסᡣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ۿΧԽԽ¥ɽǿ߸֪Լʱˡ
С飬ߣ
ȥԸǿ׳رڱʱԼͻΣյ¡
ֱӻصУȻһʩչմԽ˲ֿԽľ룬ӿ׳ڴʧ
뿪֮ɺ֮Ѫ𽥼ǿ׳𽥻ָʶ
ĴڣСӵĵ
׳Щ£˫ΧѾԶʣᲢǿȥ
ȴǲ̫׷ˡ
ɺ֮ѪѹʱԼľһ㱻ߣֻҪټһСᣬСɾûˡ
⣬ȫΪҪѸ뿪ʱ˷ɱϣҪȻĻڿ׳Ѿһʬ壡
ȻĻҲпܱ¥ɽǿץס
׳ԼŮ˱ҲסǰҪĴۣҪ۵ĻȻ޷˵ĸ
Ȼˣ׳ôһӣѾвǿ׷˹ڲϵĿռ˲֮УԶ
׳ʩչ̽ͨܿ췢λãԼΧ¥ɽǿߵķֲλã̲סϲ
кüؾǿߣѾΧԶҴӸ򣬳Χ
ʲôӴܣᱻЩؾǿץٻײһؾǿߣ
ҪҰæˡ
׳ţ̲ס֮⣬ӣȻŵ۾۷Ϊʵ̫ˣӵоĽ֮ӳ֣Ȼܹǵ۾ֱӺɱֱ˼
ڣСӾ·ˡ
Զ˾Ԫ׺͵ͬʱֵϰؾǿߣʱ˿̣ȴҲ۲쵽üؾǿ𽥰ΧЩġ
ҪΣյʱǿ϶ʱ䣬ֱǰߣ뿪Ľ磬һĴˣǱĽ˼ҲҪж졣
ΣҪ֤

ȻҲԼѾΧˣȻԼӵմԽֶΣȴҲӳ߰λؾǿߵİΧȦ
ԾĽռͨһֱҪʱģڣҲ뻨ʱ䣬ȫעܹͨ
ʱûж㹻Щؾǿߣסˣؾǿ߿ɲǵ۾Ȼ֮ѹƣǱǵ۾Ҫǿʮ
һУֵܵסʲô֮ͨ嶼סġ
Ҳûȫ
Ϊ߰˸ؾǿ֮Уˡһһ˫ף
ھһһŮ룬˴֮֮͸żһš
һ˫׸ͻƵؾǿ˵еģȻʱԷŹԼֻƴһƴˡ
ߣ
еʶСͨСһļƻһ˫ڴʩչմԽ
ֻһֱӳһ˫˵ĲԶò¥ɽϵؾǿ߸еЩ⡣
һ˫ףȻǸ̤ؾĴڣǿɶţһ𣬾ͻƵһˡ
Ȼһ˫ǱͻΧɣ
ȥȴ˴۾
ֻһֱ̧֣ʩչ˶ƷֶΣʮΣ
ʮ˸ǳâιŴ۳˲䳯һ˫ֹȥ
׾ͺѩˣΧۿԼⷽ໥һ֮󣬴ӶԷп֮ɫ
СӣȻģ
һ뿪Ǳ֮ǰ֮Ķ顭һμǻǳˣ
׾ͺѩˣǺ׼һ㣬һιš
ʩչǿֶΣʮιŽᱻһ˫ֱƻڣһ˫ȴУǱȥһ
һǸһĻᣬһѵΧȦĻᣡ
лλˡ
Ĭһû᳡еʮιţٶȣٴγԶմԽȥ
һΣֱӴԽǧľ룬ΪСԽ࣬ԽϤе
һγ˰ΧȦ
˶û뵽ģҪжԮ˾Ԫ׺͵ɣҲǱһ˰ΧȦǴ˾Ԯ뷨
СӣеֶΣ
˾Ԫ׸п
ҿһ˫ײǹС뿪СҲ϶а취롣
ɶǳ͡
˿յۣ¥ɽϵǿߣɾûôˣǱѾڴץס˭뵽һ˫׾ȻСӵֶθȥˣ
һ˫ףڹˮ
ûɰ
ô˵СӵʵѾﵽ̶ˣ
һʱ֮䣬¥ɽڶǿĲ


1030 ĵն
գһ˫Ϊͻƿڣһ˫֮ǰĶ飬
ʵϣϣһ˫ײ飬ҪסҲа취ͻƳȥĻҪһЩۣʩչɱ
һΣͻһȺؾǿߵİΧȦ֮󣬾ֻʣ󲻵һľˡ
ֻҪʮմԽ̤뵽Χ֮ڣ
طԾøǿ󣬳֮⣬ǵ۾ǵ۾̫ˡ
ǵ۾ʵطȫֵ޷꾫ͻᱻߣ޷
ԣʱܹģֻʣؾǿˡ
ǰǧǿߣ¥ɽĽ磬ҪץססĽ粻ϴߣ۾εޣ˰ˣȫؾĴڡ
˰Угһ뻹ڳϹڿƺǸϲˣʣİнӽһ룬˾Ԫ׺͵סʼ޷ͻơ
ʱ˿̣ܹлģҲֻô˰ˣ
УһЩĹͷ꣬ӲԶ˲ƹۿžҪǰһУһĹͷ
ͷ־̣һ̽ˣ֮ûͷ벻ҲѾǵ۾ͻƵؾ
ңͷȻһˣһ˫һ𣬵ȴûʲôϵҲ˵ڸǲܷ뿪ģ
Ҫͻ𣿲ԷؾڣͻƵĿʵ̫ˡ
˫֮иֳصɫСͨС˲һĻĹŲӰԶʩչմԽֱ˲˿ȥ
ֱԭʩչƿأֱʼΧеľĽռ
ֻҪܹʱ䣬һԴԽǰУ˵׷
Ѱؾǿߣ̤뵽УֻҪϿ˵Ǿ԰ȫˡ
ȻСĻĹŲӰԶ˲ƣһ˹ͷעǸͷҲһ˲ƵǸȥ
Ȼ֪˫Ϊλ뿪ҿɲ˫ףУû˿ߵĻᣡ
ͷһ£ĻĹŲӰǰޱ˵
ţͷһ̧֣һӡкȻۣ޾Ĺӿȵ£˳һĻĹŲӰû
СʩչմԽ˲뿪ǽӡĸǷΧﷶΧ֮⡣
ĻĹŲӰȴڽӡĹ˲串ɢһĵʧӰ١
ͷһ֪Լƭˣֻһ
̼о񣬿ʼ̽ǧﷶΧڵƾؾǿߵʵԾƿҲӲԷ̽⡣
Ȼͷտʼ̽⣬ԶԶû̽ͻȻһ䵶ȻնЯżΪֲɭȻϢױȵƻʱٵͷϡ
֮
ͷ˫ĿһɣȫһƬ貽⣬ȫӹ̵ùһ䵶Яſֲƣնǽɫͷ֮ϣȻֱӱɿȥ
һֳ˫ĺӰ𽥸֣Ȼͨ֡
ֳ˫һʵնͷȴͷֱӵסûвκιЧţȴ٣Ӷһѡĵ˲ն£
ٶ౶֮ӳ֮£ֵ˫Ҳõ˾޷ǿĻʵͨ״ʩչĵն£һþ˹ͷϡ
ǼΪǿԻþĵֵһЩһӾЩ㱡
˳̶ȵĻþ޷Ӱ쵽ң
ͷɫ΢䣬ָܿ˫Ŀ˸ָ
Ȼһ̣һǿĻþ֮٣ĵն˵ڶ£ʤһȻûʵƻȴùͷľٴλ㱡
ã
ͷֲ̫õĸоȻ̶ֳȵĻþ޷룬ȴѾӰ쵽ľУֵ̫ܹ
ùͷһݣһת貽ٴţһ޴ӣȻֳ䵶ľ֣
һ̣ͷ־ǺӰƺ¶һĨаЦȻ㱻޴ֱӺ˷飬ҽʣ¡
Цǡ
ͷͷһ𣬾һƬȻͬඥһ㣬˫ۡ
֣Ȼֳ䵶ǰ
ţ۾޴ӺɱֵĳȻȫֻǸ
ĵնЧ
һԹ۲ųۿžֵĵնȻؾĹͷУʱԴʮ⡣
֮ǰûôù֣ڿֵʵԲΪֲ
ڣѾɹ㹻ʱ䣬һֻһͨĿռ䴫ͨԡ
ûκԥһ̤УζȻʧֱӳ֮ϣ
ˣ
¥ɽϵǿߣʱжǡ䡱һ£˶û뵽һ˫ʧҲˣͷҲʧˡ
Ȼһ˫ʵȹͷǿһЩһ˫ǹ뿪ģ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ͷѾŬֹȴǱϷˣƭˣһ˲Ƶ֮С
һûʲôܹˣǴ׼Ĵڣ
Ѱؾǿߣȫ̤뵽֮УΪѰؾ޸޷ֵ侫ʶᱻԶսУ޷롣
Ӻܾǰʼ¥ɽϾйؾǿ̽һ⣬ûܹųģǴﵽ˴׵ĲΡ
ȻǴ׵ĲΣڲҲֲ˶ãر֮УɭȻ֮⣬ûκδڣҲͲˡ
ǾĽʵһأǴףûʲôҪȤ֮󻹻Σա
̤ע¥ɽ˶ʧˣûֹֻҪаվӡǣкܴܣĽ罫ᱻߡ
ΨһĻ¾ֻؾĽˡ
ֻҪסĽĳڣϵˣҲԴ
ò˵ĵǣ϶ֵʱʵ̫ˣʱΣ¥ɽںܶǿ߶ڣֲ⡣
һмƻŵľ
ȻЩ⻹Աġ
磬ȻѾ̤ȴкܳһξ룬˫սʶС鲢ܵӰ졣
ǣгʩչմԽʱһذԪϢͻȻԶ˲˹
һԪϢǿȣȻڳؾǿߣֱڴӹ


1031 Դһ
ɫϢԽڳؾǿߣѸٽӽС
СһæҪȥԷٶȴǼ죬κλᣡ
һɫĹȦֱӳְгװΧӡסпռ
ţһɫӵΰӰиֳ
һߣӵмΪŨܵĺӣгһתɫ壬ƺһ޾ս̺żΪֲ
ǼԴף
ͷĳֱ֣Χ¥ɽϵǿȫȻݼΪ󣬾Ȼһף
ֲױȵٶȰСסʹ޷ѡ
Դһ㵹ͦ졣
û¥ɽϵϲ̫ãһŮ֮дһĵȻ䡣
ɭȻľģһֲӣ۵ĳͷΧУͬʱһĽ⣬Ȼеڲţ
һĽ⣬˲˽аΧɫ֣Ȼ̶ת˲ǻ۵ĳͷ

мԴһͷ״ʱŭӣ㾹ʱӡǣصô
ɫȻųһֲ֣ǵĽסһɫĲΣľĳӷһ
ԭȻУԼʱӡǣӶܹ˲Զĵطڵĵط
һģƮγУ˵ּȫɭȻģȴȻŨ뵣ͬŮ
ֽȻͬϢȴͬʱֳ
Դһ˵ֵסͻĹƣȴҲֱӱѹסˣҪǲܵ飬˫໹̫ˡ
˵ԴһǴ׵ĲΣȻԽѰĴףҲΪˣŹʸĽ⣡
ͬʱڴӽнѳСǳɨһ۴ӡڡȴûǰԹԳ͹ȥ
֮нһٷУ
ôĵطʹ׼ԴһѹƵķǳӲʵ
㵨¥ɽϵĲƲѵ֣
Դһɫ˵޾ս֮ľĳӣǳ֮ھĽ类ѹƣͷǳѹˣڸ
Ľ磬ǾԵ֮أ֮˵
˵գԭˣ¥ɽϣռĽʱҲˣЩҲʱ򳥻ˡ
ˣϻˣ
ʱһȻ֮ԶȻ¥ɽϵһ׵ˣһ
ףӾĽڴ˲併ڴȫ·ԡһɫϼ֮У޷Ρ
ɫϼ⣬޾գ¥ɽϵĴ׿ԽԴһͷһֶκһڽ۵ľĳӳƣ
ԴھǶҪһЩСӣھͽˡ
סɡ
ŽɫϼףһһҼйȥɫϼȻ֮Ľѹƣ׵ʵҲҪֲö࣡
֣Ʈ죬һ־ģһ⣬ڰ֮ɫȫ֯ɫϼȣȻһж˿·磡
ȴҲֻס޷ԷɱڵҲֻܵȴȥ
ֻĽΪУ˲дʱ뿪жǰôļƻ֮һ
Ϳٶˡ
һߵֵ¥ɽϵףһϵȴӡյٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣ
ڼ䣬»¥ɽϵĴ׸ϵζסԷ
ԴһھǳסϣУҪץˡ
Щģһ߽֣һ
۵ͷӣԴһûκԥֱӳڴ˲ƹȥܿ죬ͿıԵһԵƯ
Դһףԣκʵ壬޷ģܹΨоꡣ
ԵƯʵ侫Ѿڲ
ԴһΪףҲ֣Ϊʱ򣬼ԴһľҲʼģʶ˽ȥ
޵ԵƯʱ岢лصϣʵԽǿͣʱԽ
ʱ˿̣ѾȻ֮УУʶС飬޷
żԴһɹȻʱ⣬з˳ֱӳżԴһ˹ȥ
˿һĻҪϹżսֱǷˣȻһ׶֣
вϴżԴһȻʱ޷˺ϾǿȳֲԷȴҲûа취
вϴ£ʱţǴ׵п±ˡ

ʶ;ѾƯãԸܵԷǳŨľϢվϢٶȱѰлҪ졣
ȥֻҪٹʱ䣬ұܽӡյٷ֮ʮ֪ˣо۵ϢȻŨ
ţЩûڣϸһ뻹û̫ᣬĻôԾӡǵտ϶ﲻٷ֮ʮһ̤ʸûС
ڿԸܵΪ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣܹڵ֮࣬Ļʶһᱻʴʴ޷̫ͣʱ䡣
ۣض׼˲ٺöҲ֪Уǲʲôöڣ
ţвƮɢΪֹ˸ܵ޾ľ֮⣬ʲôûиܵ
ͬǾģеľģͱҪ߼һЩоõǴӾ򵽵ġʾġ
һҲ̫е̫лҪǿ󣬿ǰʾľģ
ڱȽϷĵģΪĴԾͰȫˣǿ׷ҲֻԾԿľ
ǿϵĲ࣬϶Ⱦ֮Ҫö࣬Զ˵Ǹܲĵطοؼʱ̻ܴ߶ʾĵȥѹ˵ľꡣ
һ£ԼȻֻܵһʾģԾܹɵƻǻԵģ


1032 
ľ񣬻ȻƮܿ죬Ͳ˵ľ֮꣬ͬС
϶׷ɱҵĴڣ볹ɱҵľ꣡
˲Ʋ˳ϧУû취ܵԷʲôطʵϣطʣ¾񣬶Χĸ֪÷ǳ΢
ĻͬҲˣ˭Ҳ֪׼ĴڣûʲôֶΣܹ̽鵽ڡ
ģǾܿոľӡǣҶ¥ɽϴ׵ĵ׼
ϧ֮УҺС໥֪ˣҪȻĻھ֪淢ʲôҲ֪˭֪˭ƺҲûʲôãҲʶ¥ɽϵκһס
Щƣ漴ٶ롣
һվ۵Ϣոӡǣһںţۻʲô
֮Уûκ̬ܹڣ۷еģҲĳ־״̬ĶֶûôΨһľǾ۵Ĳдˡ
УӦòھ۵Ĳдˣ֮⣬Ҳ֪ʲôǾ״̬Ĵڡ
ԴԽԽ棬ȻҲпܾ۲δзκζԲ󣬵˭֪۵뷨
ľ꣬һ壬ĴƮ޷ƿԼǰ
һߣͬĴףԴһ侫꣬΢еƿܹ䳯ضǰ
ȻԴһиоҲǷǳܣԲƿصĸоɾʹ׾Ѿܾûˡ
ǰС֮УȻһֺõ顭
Դһͷţһһģлƶھ귽ܸߣԼڷ
Уȴ̫ٵŲ꣬Ϊıһôɣûκλ·ߡ
ģԴһľ꣬𽥳ڴȥԴȴһ
˵ǰ׼û£ûʲôֶܹԿԷΨһܹƾľΧʾˣ⣬ֵܷסһ׵ľҲ˵úܡ
ֻ֣Ҫ̤һأұܳΪĽ֮ǰУ̤ϸһ֮·죬׻ʡһ⣬ҶὫ֮ҿ
ţΧ۵Ϣһʱ֮󣬽ӡ˰ٷ֮ʮһ

֮⡣
ĽڣѾ˾¥ɽ˫ս˫ȴǼΪ⣬Ͼ¥ɽϵ
ɡ˾Ԫˣϰؾǿߵѹ֮£Ҳ𽥼ֲסǵǧӰֶΣʼϱ飬ǲ۳µǧӰԽԽء
̬ȥǿֻܼʱ˰
˾ԪЩţУǣ޷ˣԼ
ʱ֮޷Ļô˾Ԫ׿ֻܿǳˡ
Ȼŵģȴ˾Ԫ׺͵ߣǱߡ
¥ɽϵףһƬɫϼ֮Уֶͨβ޾ս֣һ˻ӵһ˵̫Ʒ
Ǽ̫ƷƻĽϵ̫ƷܹϷųصİɫڽɫϼ֮У޾ɱ
˾Ԫ׺͵ɹȥһѾԷնɱˡ
ȴһˣ־ģƮ죬ѩ֮ɫںһһߵֵŽɫϼĺһŶԷ̫Ʒİɫǳ
رǣԴԴؾǿߴԶΧ¥ɽϵǿԽԽ࣬ߣʱֻ͵ɡ˾Ԫ
һõ١
ԶԶģһϰ¥ɽϵؾǿߣ򲻶˲ƹܿҪ뵽Χ˾Ԫ׺͵˵С
ԭ˾Ԫ׺͵ܼʱĻһʱֲסˣϾһĿɲһʮٱˡ
΢˿ǣһϰ¥ɽؾǿֵ߳ʱͬʮϤϢ˾Ԫ׺͵о
ǵĲ£ڵˣԽˣһǾٶؾǿߣٻܳһʱ䣡
˾Ԫ͸˷֮ɫ
һֱȽϳĬҲʲô飬ڵҲЩ
ʮϢΧռԴԴ
Щ˾ԪסһԹӰͨؾʿ֮ǰǱȥǱߣֹ¥ɽʿͨǰƻˡ
ڣҪһ¥ɽޣۿû취磬ͬʱֵϢȻ̳߸ϰؾǿߡ
ͬʱɧǹͨĹӰ£ͬ˹ֻڹӰ޵ֶΣЩ¥ɽϵؾǿ߲֪
˫֮ԭ¥ɽϵϰؾǿߣϰؾһ׼ֽ˾Ԫ׺͵һ򾡡
ڴʱһƬޱ޼ʵĹͻȻյУ˷ӹ˾Ԫ׺͵ɸһƬȫڡ
ٶؾǿߣͬУ

˾Ԫ׺͵ΪģȻϵʮӰؾǿΪý飬һޱȾ͵޷֮н
ƬڹУ˶Ӿ֪ռ֪ԼʲôһƬ
Ƭն֣ص׷
ٶؾǿ߶֮Уʱ˿̣˾Ԫ׺͵Ϊۣͬ޷һҶͻ
ڣУкܶĹϱۣĻ˾Ԫ׺͵ٶؾǿߣֱˡ
ˣܹһʱңϣǱܹٶһ㣬Ҫһʱ֮ڣѾӡǴӰٷ֮ʮ򵽰ٷ֮ʮԻ̫Сˡ
˾Ԫ鲢ֹۡ
ֻˣԸܸǴϲ
뵽СӣȻŽӴãѾˣսƽʱʱֳ˳Խ˵ս츳ʶ
ܹɳضǷпܻһεĿֲڡ
ս¥ɽϴ󲿷С
սߣҲϾһжʱû⣬ҪǴĵĻԷʱȥȵµĿ϶
ҪǣԷ¥ɽϲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͻ׵Ȼѡʱ򣬵Ľ缴ִ飬ôҲһЩ׻İɣ


1033 
ٷ֮ʮ
֮⣬˾ԪסɡˣΪʱƴս֮ڵĽȣҲ൱ġ
ʱڽӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮԽԽյĹɣ֮Ὣӡյٷ֮ʮ
ڵ֪˾Ԫ׵ˣܸԼӶ೤ʱ䣬֪Ѿˡ
ȴǼΪȵ״̬֪վӡÿһ֣пܵ¾޴Σĳ֡
ÿʱỵ̈ȫȥվӡеľϢӿٶȣӿӿټӿ죡
ڴʱڸܵǴĴǿߣ侫ƺԼȽϽˣѾԼԶʲôֶεĻھͻʩչˡ
ڣֻо״̬ڣûҲûо֮İԾĳһֵܹס
ҪˣԷа취̽ҵλãҳһƶ˵Ϊضͣ
о֮ĴڴվϢ״̬֪ҪǱסԼȥȡһʱ䡣
ϾҪľ񱻶ԷôһпɾˣԶû취վӡǵٷ֮ʮˣΪѾˡ
׷ˣֲŵ۾۷εСӣ״̬£ɻʩչʲôֶ㲻Ļô͵ȥˡ
Դһľ꣬ͬһƮ֮жԵޱɫƮʱľųһ
ֶΣԴһᳵ·磬ܹƾһУ˲Ĩɱǧͷ޵꣬ɱԼĶ֣ǳɡ
ڵһ۾۷ľ꣬ԴһɣҲ֪עվӡǵġ
пܹеԴһô˵ҲǴײεǿڣ侫ǧޱȹֻ̣Ҫеûвͺѱɱ
ģ
ۿŶԷľһʱ߶ӡǣƾյİٷ֮ʮľӡǣɹ߶˸һƬĵǰֵԷľ
֮еľȫʾľģӵежûм˵ġ
ȻܹݵĲ࣬΢ֵһ£ӦûЧĲŶԡ
ֻһĵ˲һ磬ŶԷľȻȥܿ콫ǾڣȻ˫εԭһУ
ڲ֮𽥱Сֱʧ٣ԴһľȴǱסˡ
еֶΣһ£ֻҼԴһһɵ֮Բһȫɱֻ̫Ұˡ
Դһס΢Щ⣬ȴû̫ϣҲ֪ˣԾӡǴյĳ̶ȡ
ٷ֮ʮ£ҵʱ䲻ˡ
Դһûʱ˷ѣҲû˵κηϻʵеľ꣬໥֮伸޷״̬Դһ˵Ҳ˵˵ġ
£Դһ˲ɵľȻųһƿһ·ϵľģֱӹ
Уĸֶζ޷ʩչҲҿУԷҲֻʩչһֶΡ
ҪȻĻײεǿ߶ԸֻҪһ̧־ˣҪô鷳
ǿȣȷŸǿ
һӼ֪ǶԷļõǣķΧڡ
ʾģ
߶ӡǣٴβŪΧʾģʹһת磬ǵȥ
УʾľЩ΢ȻҪʾľģȴʾľģһЩСİ
һΣ߶ʾҲȸոǿңѾļˣԷܷǿľĻ¾޷ֵסˡ
ǰʾľ໥ײһ𣬺ܿͲһǿҵıһӾ޴ʮ౶г֡
УͼԴһľ꣬˵ĶЩ仯
Դһ̲סŲȥΪУȫпܽ侫곹ɣӶð
Ƿ˶ԷڱܿС
պʱյһ󲨵ľ۵Ϣɹӡ˰ٷ֮ʮģ
ʱ߶ӡǣѾǿлıƶԥĳŶԷ˵෴ȥ˫ܿ
Уȵһ˫дڸʮ౶ʱ䣬ֱܾ֮вֹͣɢȻɢ
õǣԴһеδ֣εĳܷΧڡ
һΣĳɣ
ԴһܲãΪֵʧʱľһαˣҪ׷ȥҪ໨һʱʱ䡣
ʱһʱʱܾǹؼˡ
Դһʰһ飬ܿ쳯һηȥ˫룬һοʼӽһμԴһӽٶȣ֮ǰҪһЩΪڵҲƶˡ
ٷ֮ʮĵľӡƿأպһֽ㣻ٷ֮ʮֱܹ̤ٷ֮ʮģŲ
ڣԶӴܣԽ룬ϢԽŨյҲܸ졣
һʱûܹھӡǵϸһǴǿߵľ꣬ȴѾһ׷
ˣɣ
Դһ֮д⣬һ̺ĳľ˲ԶԶڴȻȥ俪;ľģֱҪľĨɱ
ȻȸոոǿվӡǸһЩҪȻһ£ҿܾ군ˡ
һٶȴ߶ӡǣ۳һʾɵϣĺ󷽡
ȻվӡǣֻǱȸոն˰ٷ֮һһʾɵϣȴԱȷŵǿ֮һ
ǿǸպõֵסԷһ
˲ǲϣһֲɢʹΧȫٴγһС
г֣Դһľסˣۿſȴ޷еӰ췶Χ
ģ
ԴһһԭоԼһ㹻ľڿǲһ㡣
ˣһ˫ײֱӽ˶ǣ˽ȥһʱ֮䣬˭Ҳ޷뿪طұв֮˵ľ׷׿ʼܵˣ


1034 ۼ
ͼԴһ˫߶ײһٴγһУһУ˵ľ궼ǣУһʱ֮޷
ʱȻоһеӰ죬һЩЩĶʼΧɢ
ĶһεľѰ˿¸ҲֻΪӡ΢еоԲŸܵĴڡ
ֻоӡǣܸܵǾĶˣ⵽׻Щʲô
ʱ޷֪Ǿ̺ʲôȴ֪ǾǺ;йصġ
Уʱ֮𽥿ʼɢͼԴһľ꣬ҲڴѳеӰ죬Χʾʼòȶ
ٷһξײĻԤϻᷢʲô飡
üԴһ÷ǳ۾ȥˣͼµİ취Ͼһе񱩣ԻûԴһ¥ɽϵһףôΪһĽȥðգ
Ľ汻ߣڼԴһ˵ҲԶԶ籣סԼҪ
ûԴһľ񣬶ǳǰΧʾҲԽԽŨ
ԴһʼոȴûгԷһֳʱڷ֣Ͼɲ֪Է뷨
ԽǿԾķԽЧΪʾŨɵķϸο
𽥵ģʼܵǹ̺һЩĶ鲼֮УԽǿ룬ԽŨȻ޷Ѱ˸ܵԴһ
ƾӡǣڿʼЩ˽⡣
ɱ
Щûκֺͼأȴһ𽥳ܵһһ
Ӿ
ھ۵ļֲ֮Уž֮ǰĺܶ䡣
ɱǣȴеõϢȻֻоԼ֪飬֪ˣôǾµϢ
ȷԼܹôļ䣿ѵ˵۾ҲһܹȫԲŻ¼䣬ڽ̳֮У
˼Ķ
ɱǹûʲô⣬֪ɱֶβѰֶΣǳһ֪ĴڣһִڣΪֹû˵ġ
ǾۼصĶܵĻоǽЩȫ˽ˣкܴİ
ʵϣȷЩǷֻдļһло۵Ĳдʶǲˣ
˵ԺСȴòΪһ飬³ǳ״ʧ
Щ䣬ЩУ̺ŵŨϢ
һʱȥЩ̺ļ䣬ЩУطŨʮľϢ
ԾӡյٶȴﵽһµĲΣȥĻֻҪʱͿԽӡյٷ֮ʮˣ
ֻǰʱȥӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬ٷ֮壬ŵжԲˡ
ٶҪ죡
һ߾վϢһ߱ŶԶԶ׷ŵļԴһľľ衣
ǼһһֱȻǲ֣һֱ׷ͷҲЩ޷ʼҪֳһԷ
ö֮ľʼЩƣ
䡭ų
ܵǹеľۼʱѡų⣬ܳΪԼļ䡣
һǵľۻвдһҲΪᶨΪԼԼ۵ļ䣬֮ԼԼ
ϾۿǴµĴڣжôḻ֪ôȫյĻпȡʶ
ҲһΣգ޷ȷΣǷڣյǣܾЩԺ
𽥵ģԽԽܿͿĺġ
һתŵļʾ룬άľ䲻ԶĸܵһԾǾӡǵĻѾȥԶ޷ˡ
ԴһҲֻԶԶ棬ҿ̫ˣΪĵʵ̫ǿˣײεľ꣬һȫֵס
˵ȻǸϢ
Դһ׷ʹҪʱԼԴһвר־վϢվӡǵٶȱø졣
һ棬ԽԽģΧľۼԽԽŨʱ򶼵òܵĳ̶ȡ
ãͨӡǿЩ䣬ЩҲѹ䵽
ھ۵ӡǣ൱ųģ֮󣬷ĵλãһյش
һգǱŨʾİΧ룬ǼԴһĴף֪Ǵյڡ
ͨӡǣܵƬյĴڣȻ֪дʲô˵ʲôĻƬվпܵĵطˣ
ȻĲϿȥ
ԶļԴһ׷ֲȥĿľ괳봦Ũʾ֮С
ܿ죬ԴһǰȫûӰ
ĺģӡǲɢŨľϢΧʾĶʴ
ƾ辫ڸתľǰУһǳʹ飬沨ڲȥֱպüȦ֮ƬŨĵ򣬳׽ţ֮У
Ƭ֮Уռ䲢룬һö֮ڻתţ̺žۼǴö֮УɢӶ͸¶
֮򣬻ʲô
ţΪ裬֮ǰµʯͷ˲СӰǰö֮Ҳ൱
֮УʲôûУֻôһе֮Ǿ۷ģҲ֪оЩʲô
ֻܸ̺ܵž۵Ĵ䣬ԼŨľϢ
Ϣ˵ϣӵеģܹоõ֮еľϢȫգпܽӡյٷ֮ʮϣ
ڵǣȫܹȷ뵽֮УԼǲǻʲôδ֪Σգ


1035 
˼Ƭ̣ջǾҪǺڰ֮С
ΪڽƬյУԼȻûо۵ϢܹˣǽǸڰ֮С
Ҫǣڵû취ˣ
ˣǸתŨʾУ˳Žȴû취ȥԣǸڰ֮Ψһѡ
ĻҲӡǣֱ򵽰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣǣҪľͲǼʱˣǼ꣡
Ҫ֪ӡǵգԽǵھԽѣ㹻ľϢգܹѸٵԾӡǵƿء
ҪԼյĻֻٷ֮壬ҲҪһʱ䣬޷վϢ£һʱ仹ٵġ
ľ񣬺ܿͳĺڰ֮ƮȥԽǿԽܸܵԾ۵־ѹ
䣬Ũڰ֮У˼ΪŨľϢǷʲôö֪
ûѡ񣬳Ǻڰ֮ԽԽ
ڣľ꣬ڴǺڰ֮ȻܵŨľϢʼеľϢ
ҪĶȻҪϢʼڰ֮еľϢʱŨŵľۼ䣬ȻһԺгͬеĿ˳ӿ֮У
ıԵ
ľȴĺ룬ʼվ۵ŨϢҿʼԿ۵ļ
ľ񣬿ʼޱȽûκһ̣ľôѹǰڸʹ壬ϵֻصʱҲûгܹôشľѹ
֧ţܹܵԼյľӡǳ̶ԽԽӰٷ֮ʮ忪ʼϳŰٷ֮ʮ
ٶȣտʼõӡǵʱûҪѸһЩϾڰ֮У̺ŨľϢԾӡǵտʼ
ͬʱٵľʹҲԽԽҡ
ֵֵʹ࣬ûиܵڵһθܵʹʱضڱıԵ
ָоֻҪֵЩĳԼͻһΪˣҷֿ
Ϊ£һ˵ֿ۵ļͻȫľռݣʹԼ
ĶƴǷǳΣյģҲǷǳģûȷΣյ£ͷſˣٵֵǼ
ȴҡ
ֻ֮һķգҲȥðգһֱΪԸҪȻҲһ·ߵڣĻ֮ǰľоѾ̫ˡ
Ծ۵Ĳдϳˢľ꣬Ҫ侫곹״ݻ٣ȴĵֵ
ǿ˫̫Ļ϶ֵסھ棬ȴȷԼޱǿģֻҪԼһֱȥûʲôܽԼľ塣
ǹӴļڳľ֮󣬱㳯ΧɢȥγһɢԶ뿪գżתʾУ֮ȥ
֮ǰܵļ䣬ǧʧͷļ䣬ڣЩ䳯ͷٶȱ֮ǰ򱶣̶ʱڣһƬ˷ӿ˳ȥ
ûע⵽Щڵȫڲϵ赲żԼĳͬʱŨľϢ
Щܾľۼ䣬뿪Ƭ֮󣬾Ȼĳ۹ȥΧǺŨʾ֮УƯ
ܿ죬壬ͿеһꡪԴһ
Դһľ꣬ĺ֮⣬ƮƮȥҪ취Ըȴ벻κ̫õİ취
õɱĻᣬûץסҪɱͱޱˡ
Դһȫûע⵽һεļ壬𽥿ĲԶҳŹ

֮⡣
Ѿȥ˴ʱ䣬ʱڣ˾Ԫ׺͵ɡѹȫǳ
رףԼָĵףһЩ֧ȴƾǿʵӲڡ
Ҳ˼ˡ
Ҫǣһ˵վǱȲԷ׵Էÿˣ֮һȴѾҪľˡ
һ׺ľô³ֻһ·һ
ʱ˿̣ѾޱȽţٲܴгĻ϶ҪǳˣȻܲȴûа취
֮Ļֻϣ֮ڼֵĳһ㣬ֱӡյٷ֮ʮһпܸϵʱӡǣѸٴ͵Խߡ
ȻһѶȷǳΪֻҪ˳ˣ¥ɽϵ˿϶Ľϼӿ
Ҫҵᣬϰٱ
ԣʱ̣
ڰɫɭȻƮ˫֮䲻ۣߴͨͷţϵֵŶԷ׵
ж֮䣬ѾЩͻտʼ࣬ڵѹȻѾǳˡ
Ҳʱһƴľ˲ӲԶбΧ緢ɢ
һǷ籩һ㣬Ϯ֮սϣӪ֮˾ϲǣǾϵˣⳡ籩ȫûܵκӰ졣
Եǣ¥ɽϵЩߣȴⳡ籩ܵ˺ǿĳȫѹס˸
¥ɽϴ׵ɫ䣬ɫϼȻ޷ֵסɾĳܷӳʵٴαѹס˸ࡣ
˵֮ǰ˾Ľ֮еĴףܹӳɵʵôڣ׶ֻܷӳһɵʵˡ
ˣֻ൱һˣ
Եģȴû̫ܵӰ죬ʵܹ㣬һѸҵ˻ᣬֱӻ˿ȥԼȡ˸ʱ䡣
Ȼ֮УȡһЩͻƣŻˡ
ڴĲһ˿µϣܹڶʱվӡǣɾͺõöˣ
Ϊײεĸ֪޷̽⵽ڵ׷ʲô顣
ԣҲȷհٷ֮ʮľӡǻ١
ڣУѾ˾ľϢֱӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮŵĳ̶ȡ
ʱͳԴ߶һ˰ٷ֮ʮŵľӡ֮ѾһĴ߶ͷһɾȥȴû뵽պýȼü֮
ȴֹۣΪ۵ļѾľﵽ˼ޣ


1036 ֮
ʱ˿Ѿӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮţֻٷ֮һܽյٷ֮ʮȻĽ뵽ӡ֮С
Ȼİٷ֮һȴޱȼѣҪľϢ֮ǰΪڳžۼĳѹ
˴ʱľ񼸺Ѿ˼ޣҪټȥ¾⵽һЩƻ
ʣٷ֮һֻҪܽգһжˣҵľƻҲ֪βָܻƺЩ䣬ҵɲ١
ţϾҪҪֵЩ䡣
գȥƴžҲЩ䴥Լڲ
Ļվа취ָģԷһЩ޸ĵҩǰʹӿСżҵ
Щ۵ļлΣյĻǿ޷صʧȥðա
ˣϼֵֿԾۼĳٶžϢǿԼԾӡǵƿس̶ȡ
ľ꣬ҲԴԴļУʼ𣬲ٶȼΪѸ٣ÿһʱ䣬ľͻᱻƻܶ࣬ȥһʱľ᳹
ΨһĻᣬڴ֮ǰվӡǵٷ֮ʮһ۸ǿ֮һɱ䣡
ʼûκһԾ۵ļ䣬Щ䣬ɢΧ֪£˼Դһľԣҳ𽥰Χȥ
ȵԴһʱѾˣ޾ľۼ䣬ͬˮһ㽫Դһľû
Щھ۵ļ䣬κξ۵ʶΪӴһӴԴһľУֱüԴһ徫񶼿ʼû
ļôңĺھ۵ļ໥֮иֳԲͬĳ
ž۵ļǿľԽԽ࣬ԴһѸ֪йؾ۵飬ͬʱ񶼱ԽԽң־塣
Դһھ귽裬¥ɽϵĴ֮УҲǼΪǿˣʱ˿̣ȴ˿޷ֵЩ֡
Դһʶ֮ѸƮȥҪ뿪ȻǾ۵ļȴԴԴĳ񣬺ܿͳԽԭļ䣬ԺУ۵ļ˸ҪĲ֡
üԴһľĳֵı仯Ȼûб۵ʶռݣȴҲˡ
ȻԴһڵľ񣬲žۣȻԼֻȴ۵ļʴӰ죬˰ۡ
֣ȷǣԴһ֪йؾ۵Ķң۵ļڵΪͻ
ǾۣԴһڶҪľֻϧһ㡣
Դһվ¥ɽϣȻɵ۵ļУĽĶôռ˾Ľӡǣ
ӵоӡǣضҪ
˾۵ļ䣬۵ļ˾֮󣬼Դһɱ˵Ǹǵ˼㣬ֻڣ侫ȴڳ֮ȥΪоõ뵽ƿ֮С
һӡյٷ֮ʮôĽڵߴأֱܵӿƣ˵޷ӳЩͨȫҪɱһȴǴ´ࡣ
ȻھĽڡ
Ҫǵ磬Ҳܶߴͨ϶ھĽҪϳǧ򱶡
Ҫ֪ھĽڵߴ֮ͨͨ壡ͷͨĻųֻǱ塣
֮ͨͷųȥĻȻǿĽ罫˶ױΪСߴ֧ȱһɣһᵼ¿ռ顣
ԶԼԴһ˵ҪôбþϣҪôӡյٷ֮ʮ
ں߷£˶ھĽмսˣȻǴΪھĽУ൱ǰĴڣ׶Ķ֡
ԣԴһڲܻĳȥǳ֮ߣܵһĻпܱյٷ֮ʮӡǵֱ֮
ܿ죬ԴһľڳıԵȻȴԶԶķ֣ԼȻڱвϴţôʱȥѾ˷ǳأ
ԴһŭȻǱ۵ļӰˣҲǲƻԼ
ľ꣬Լٶ뿪ֱǰصԼУȻ˫Ŀ֮˸ŨɱҪиݻ١
Դ׵ʵݻһϹżսǷǳɵġ
ֻľصԼ֮ϣɫ⻪˲ų۳Ϊһޱȹһӽڣ
СƲӸովѾ׼ˣʱ˿ֱʩչմԽ˲ƿʮ룬ֱӶ㿪˶ԷһɫĹ
Դ׼ļԴһ˵ʮʲô

ԴһŭһɫâţڴϮΧٶȼΪֲ
СҪٴʩչմԽۿžҪɫâ֣ʱ򣬸Ȼһֲѹһͷ˳ֱӺһɫâ֮ϣݻٷ飡
ҲͬʱСܹٴθоĴڣ˫˫֮ǰǱֹ޷ܵԷڡڽӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮɹĿס
⣬С֮Ҳָ˹ƿؾӡǵٷ֮ʮһ˲䣬㷢СٵΣգԿһʹ˼ԴһĹ
һ̽ԵȻ̫ҲڼԴһСƻأֶƻֱӵֵ

С̲ס̾һевɴϲڳɹˣΪ˾֮
Ȼֻǽӡհٷ֮ʮûհٷ֮٣ҲѾԳƵǾ֮ˣΪڿʼܹվĽһУ
һг֣ȫ
Դһʶʲôɫ˲ȫռĵʩչһӿԽ޾Ŀռ룬žĽȥ
ھĽУҪڵҲǾ֮Կȫǲܵ飡
߷飬Ҳ̾ͱԶ¥ɽϴ׵ȫһɫ䣬׷ж


1037 ֮
Χ¥ɽϴףֱһۣͬԴһûκԥͳžĽͻƿռȥ
ֲεĴڣȻʮڱ˵Сսһε޴飬ǺյľĽӡǣֻҪյ˰ٷ֮ʮҲܹĽо󲿷ֵ֮ˡ
򵥵˵ǴףھĽΪ֮Կȫûκʤģ
¥ɽһпʩչǾٶ뿪Ľ磬罫Ľֱӻ
Դ׵ʵȻڱ˵СҪٵһС磬ȴ׾ٵ飬رھĽոձƿأ޷ݵӦֵʱ
ԣɫϼ⻷ƣֱӳžĽȥת˲㲻Ӱ
ڸΧ֮Укܶ۾Ρؾ¥ɽޣҲһžĽͻƿռȥ׶ˣǵȻҲûκãֻǰװˡ
СףСɣô
֮ȶȻҪ¥ɽϴǰߣϾԼˣܹ
ԣͳ˾Ԫ׺͵һ䣬Ǳߣɴţסٶ¥ɽϵؾǿߡ
С׺Сɣеľ˾Ԫ׺͵ˡ
ʱ˿̣סٶ¥ɽϵؾǿߣͿҪֲסˣڳƿؾӡǵİٷ֮ʮΪ֮ʱ˿
ǿֲסˣˣǺܹؼֹǴ潫Ľƻ㹻ʱ䣬ȥĽӡ֮У
˾Ԫ˵
Щһɣǳȥ
ƮȻһ̧һҵĿռ˾ԪסɵܹʮӰǿߣһ˾Ľ硣
ڣѾƿ˾ӡǵİٷ֮ʮھĽڣѾҪǰæˣʣǴؾǿߣĻ϶뿪Ľ磬ҪȻ϶ᱻֱѹ
ǣҪҪֹ¥ɽϵĴǣ罫Ľ
ǰ¥ɽϵȻ飬ϾĽԼĲƲڣѾõ˾Ľ磬ô¥ɽЩһƵ
¥ɽϵòĽ磬Ҳ˵õ
¥ɽ޴򽻵ʱ򣬲¥ɽ޾Ը彮֮ܲõġ
ȥĽ֮һӾͰǸոմؾǿߣҲ׷׿ڵƣҲ˲κˣȫæĽ磬ʩչռֶΣ뿪˾Ľ磡
ոջڽֶأֻһۣӡյٷ֮ʮ˾ȻȫʧӰˡ
ʱ֮вϴһǿǴȻ⸽ᱻǿ
ˣȻѾӡյ˰ٷ֮ʮ͸ýĽ뵽ӡ֮У
ĺз˳һ̧֣һصĿռӾӡɢȻš
ھӡĽض϶Ƕһ޶ΪĽеľӡǣܹĽޱ仯뵽ӡ֮С
ӡǣĵ֮ڣҲ˵֮Ľͽĵ֮С
ڣӵһС磬̤ؾ֮ǰֵܳģƫƫϡ
ӡǣͲ̫ܱߵõҪһӡǣ綼ǷǳѵģھĽ磬ӡȴһֱھǴ׶޷ȡ
Ψһ·ž۵ĴУǰ֮У۵Ĳдʶ֮󣬲ܹõӡǡ
綼һģ
ĽȫҵУͺҴһڵֻܽӡյٷ֮ʮˣʣİٷ֮ʮΨеĴ֮֮󣬲пա
ЩźҲ˵ڵԶòݾĽеһдںȴ޷ıǣҲ޷µĶ
Ľ磬ˣȴûǸȥıʹ죬Ϊʵ̫ˣܹվӡǵٷ֮ʮѾǳ˲ˡ
ʱ˿̣ľܵ˾۵ļ·ǳõǣӰӵеʵֻƣڼսп¼ֲ̫ʱˡ
ȥ֮󣬱޸ĵҩȻߵСкУĵҩڣôھӦҲвŶԡ
ţ᲻Ѱ޸ĵҩӦûģϾǾܹ֮ṩϵĺܶ޲
ǴĶ̺ļֵԶھ˵ضޱҪ
ƿؾĽ磬ȻӦöԾ൱ҪŶԡ
ҡҡͷʱûж룬ЩõȵĽ£ӡȻ뿪¥ɽطŶԡ
һʱ䣬ȻĿռӾӡкȻĽ翪ʼսȥԲʮĿռ䣬ֵߴأ׷׳žӡŨȥ

£ĽʱھĽ֮⣬˾Ԫסɵ¥ɽڶǿ߶š
˾Ԫ׺͵ɣԼӰؾǿߣǴ׵ļ𣬲ǽɵȴҲ¥ɽ˺ܴš
׺ͼԴһ赲סһʱ֮޷ƿ
ˣھĽڴػ
Ľڣֻһ޵Ŀռֻ֮ҪĽӡǣ֮ʧĽ磬ҲͳΪ֮еС硣
̣Ҫһʱ䣬޷㣬Ҫ೤ʱܽĽС
ǾΪƺ̫Щɣ¥ɽϴսʧأǲ˵¥ɽ϶ȻǰǾϣҪ
¥ɽϵףԡڽɫϼ֮Уɽҫ¥ɽǺӷΧ֮Եޱȹ財
ǵûмųΪˣҪؾĽѾǲˡ
ڽĽ糹׻ҲѾʧȥǿгĻûκκôܱˣϾݺʵǡ
ԣ¥ɽϴҪ飬Ǹ̸УʧһĽ磬ǿɽܷΧڣϾֻǸС磬Ҫϸһ⳥С
Էʼ̸еҲ˿ǼΧԷһӭпֵܵס
Ľ̸΢̣һЦ飬ΪжǸ޹أֻĸжˣ
ҪȻĻһֱڶûоϵԮ
Ϊͷβƻֻһʵʩ˾Ԫ׺͵ɣֻ庰æİˣ


1038 Ī
Ľ⣬¥ɽǺУͶԷ׿ʼ
ԷʼֻҪЩǾͻȫ뿪Щÿһǳ̣¥ɽϴõĶԾ˵Ƿǳġ
һװӿһּۻһӣװǿͬ⣬ұʾڻȥ֮󣬾ͻɶԷҪģһ㡣
ݣײδʵԣ˫ͿʼȴĽ糹ӡС
˵˵ǴԼжϣӦĶԷƾԼһҲܹģֻǱȽѶѡ
Ϊܰȫ߾ĽԸ⸶ЩۣҪһЩԴȽŪʵҪõҲûпܡ
˫ʼȴҲʱȴˡ
ôˣҼԴһɲͬ⣡
Դһ˫֮͸Ѫ֮ɫǰ¥ɽ˵Ů˼ȻӦô̵϶Ϊûѡ񡭡Ҳ˵ֹĻԵֵǣ
⻰ǽɫϼе׶һۣȻӶԷжһĨ졣
Դһһô£Ҫ֪ݿǡ£ɱҲĶ֣ǿ϶ŭģ¥ɽϻ;ϳ׽
ڶԷӦѾǷǳõˣԾĽȡôԴʵǳԿңһֱƷб֤ݣǷǳŵġ
ףȻ֪ʱûѡ񣬵Ҳ֡
ƣ˫ʧ˻թԷһǸã
ԴһȻĸǴ׵ľ磬˹ͬ㻹ûʸǡ
һ׵˵ԼԴһ뷨ȫ޳ɡ
Դһзִ磬Ѳɣ㻹뽫ȫȲ˵ûǸʵУ֮õΣϵŭ𣿡
һҲǲˬԴһֱЩ𱸵˵
˭Դһȴȫǵģ˫Ŀ֮ͨ£ֱվ˶飬Ƿ˹ȥث֣ҿɲث֡ɣ
У̺һַζ¥ɽ׶ЩĪ
ԴһǷ˲ɣ
ǰԴһɲģ˰ͷҼǵһֱܵСġ
һף˵Щɻ
ǷûУг֮һе㲻һˣ˫֮ʼź⣬Ȼ̫Ծ
һȴص˵
Ҫֹ𣿡
һʵ
ҪȿɣδͻƶԷ󣬶ҾƾһˣܶԸ
һ˻ش
ɫϼ֮У׶ԼԴһΪǲͬȴҲûֹۿżԴһ˳ɱ˹ȥ
Ҳüͷ
ֱĸܵԴһƺ̫ԾǰҲӴˣϾԷǴ׵磬¥ɽϵǿڡ
ӡУԴһһֱܽĲŶԣô˷çײ
ΪԴһ½Żδʧ˻ɱĻᣬ䵽³ʱ򣬽һǺ¡
ڣԴһ״̬û֪ô£˫Ŀͨ죬۳Ϊһֱӳ˺
⾫Ȼ͸ֱӺ˵ķεУ
׼̧Ʈ죬һϳǰǵסȻɫһԴһʲô¥ɽϣѾЭ飬ΪƻЭ鲻ɣ

ԴһЦޱɭһ߲ϷųһɭȻЦĽ硭Ľ硭ǿǱ۵硭Σñ˵õ
һųʱΧһ
ԴһȻԳΪۡ
ô£
Уʲô⣬ԲűİɣӣԴһ־̫ѣȻΪԼǾۡ
˾ԪƲ˵
Ӧþˣ⾫״̬ǴȻ֪ܵʲôӰ죬ڱӣ⣬ײΣжˣ˵ˡ
ҲЩп
־壬Ҳ鷳
ҡҡͷ̧ͷ¥ɽǱ˵ǣܺԼˣҪȻĻԴһһֱȥᵼʲôɲ˵
Ǳ̨ʣҪԴһ鲻ôпܷڣոӦЩ
ϾԴһĹ˺ܴţпܵһЩ޷Ԥ֪ĺ
Դһˣ
һҲ˼ԴһĻ֪һ־̫ѣ־Ͳˡ
ʱϼӿܣŪ׷ʲô¡
ɫϼУжżԴһΧȥԳ֣ͨ׷׽ٵ˼Դһϣ
Ҫң
Դһ˫Ŀͨ죬̺޾ķŭӷ·Ҫȫ𣬺ϱҪ赲׶Լѹ
ˣ
һ׼ԼĿͨԷȥʱŭһϿֽƷ
ףٴηֶҪѼԴһס
Դһľ״̬ȴܲȶʱڶԼǾˣ۵ļѾشԻָԭ
Դһڵֵ׿Ƶͬʱڳ򲻶Ϸܿ˶֣ҪĿ겢ҲǾϵ˾ԪסɵˣǾĽڣǸ֮
Ȼ乥ȫסĿ꣬ȴҲ¶֪
ƻĽ磡ѵǾ۵Ĳ
˾Ԫ״󾪡
ӦòǱֻǱĳЩˣûбۿƣǾ״̬
ҡҡͷԴһ֣֮ӦгһЩ⣬Դһ˾ۼʴڲŻ񹥻Ľ硣
Ϊӵоۼ֮󣬼ԴһһֱΪԼǾۣռ˾Ľ磬Ȼܲˬ
ָоԼŮ˸˻ҪԽܣҪ֪ǿԼС簡
С磬ؾ˵ǸһУԣڵļԴһԸĽٵҲ˳߾Ľ硣
ֻϧԴһȻ̳˾۵ļ䣬ȴûм̳о۵ʵ磬Ȼֻһףѹûκη
Ȼ񷴿ȴ޼£𽥱ѹסжռ䣬ֶֿν٣
ۿ޷Ľ糹׻ȥԴһ˫ĿиֳһĨĺͷɫȫڵﴦ˲ۼ
ãҪԱ


1039 ֮
Դһͼ˶¥ɽϵסڣȫһ
ԱԴһȻҪ飡
⣬ȫһ׼Ĵڣƽʱп飬ֻ˵ڵļԴһѾȫԼǱ۵ļӰ쵽
׵Աǲͬ죬Աɹڴ˴һ֮棬֮ĴڣһУϾ̺ŵģһСı
ԼԴһڵʵѡԱĻһʱ֮棬ΧܴﵽԲʮƬΧһжɵС
֮ڲȫ̮Ŀռ䣬κδڽУһɼǿ˺ʵǿĻֱӾͱ˺Ƭ̮Ŀռ֮С
ǿ֮Уֵסɼǿ˺Ҳᱻ̮Ŀռ䣬еĳطκεطпܡ
Ǵ׼ĴڣԱ֮
¥ɽУҲһٸͷֱԱһĻ¥ɽ˵ʧܴģ˵һ֮档
˵⸽Բʮﶼ޿ռ䣬Щ¥ɽޱ֮ɣƬڼʱڳΪΣյĽء
ʧ¥ɽܽܵġ
Ȼڶ˵͸ˣδɹĽյӡУڸ뿪ط
ǿֱߣôܷ
ԣβǼԴһԱɹĻͬĽܱ֮ܿ棬ȻʲôȫûܹԤϵˡ
ֹ
¥ɽϵ˹ͬĿ꣬ԳżԴһʩչֶΣҪֹԱеС硣
ԴһЦȫȻɢһɭȻԼеǾ۵ľ
һ̣һɭȻ˲佫Դһ˳һӰκιĿֶͨȫǲֵס
ʲôֶΣ
δţȻһģǵĿֶζֵס
ѵں˾۵ļ֮󣬴ӾۼзֶΣ
Դһܻǻܴϵõھ۵ܣܶޱϹ
ǣԱˡ
ͬڣ֣ҪֹԴһԱԴһȴʩչ˾ֶΣ赲Ƭ̡
ȻֻƬʱ䣬ȴѾȫ㹻ˣȫѾۣСӵг޾̱
飡
һ춯ռ䶼Ϊ֮żԴһԱڵĿռȷ̮Ȼ̮ɵĿռֱӳΧɢֻҪһʱ䣬ԲʮﷶΧ
һѡ
ۼ˼Դһ֮󣬳ڶռ˾ӡǵĶʼŭȻüԴһѡԱԸˣҲҪ״Ĩɱ
ԱΪʵײεĴͬʱɫ
ȫӹ
һ¥ɽϵĴǿߣԡһƬɫϼ֮УһƬɫϼ⣬ڼԴһԱʼʱ˲䳯Χţ¥ɽϵ޶С
СȻţ˶УȻһƬɫϼ˲ֵס˿ռ̮Ŀֲ˺ͬһʱ䳯Զߡ
ͬǴ׵ĴڣͺѱǿߵԱ˺ΪˣԴǿߵԱǺģΪٻгֱƵԱ
¥ɽϵĴף˲С¥ɽˣڵһʱ˵Ա֮淶Χ֮⡣
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׼ԼĽڣ֮
ʵϣԼȷԼֵܷס֮˺ռ̮ɵĻȴ֪Լ
һ;Ľ군
ҲǵһԴ׼ԱĺûףʩչԼǿķֶΣӼһѩɫȡ˳
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Ʈе˫Ŀâ䣬ѩɫųһѩɫϣ⾹һ̫ƷѾ˵̫Ʒ
ѩɫĿֲ˲һɫϣ֮һ̣ռ̮ĿӿǰɫϺȻ顣
ռ̮ʵֲ̫Ҳֻд׼ĴԱпܲ˺˵ȻǾ˵̫ƷԳ׵ֵסռ̮
Ҫǣռ̮֮ǿ˺һֱڵģһԣϴ߶ѩɫ̫Ʒ۳ѩɫķϣֵǿռ̮Ŀֲ
ڣȫ˴߶̫Ʒķϣնյʱռ̮Ļ֮⡣
ڣֻϣܹЩĽ£ȻСУܴ뿪
Ȼ£һĽٶȣûеô졣
Ѱ˵ٶȣٻҪüʱܹɹС£ҵֵʱܡ
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Ȼڣ˫֮Уȴ̺һĵǡ
ʵǷǳ
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Ľ磬ˡ
һףûе˵
˵Ľֻڵ¥ɽϵĲƲʵףĽ类ߣҲûκӰ죬ֻ¥ɽ϶ӣٷһЩŶѡ
ڣĽ糹Ľû뵽ġ
ӦҲѾ뿪֮ɡ
һ̾˿ҲãĽۣ֮ջַʽнĽ磬һǿ
ǧ꣬ӰۣĴڣѾﵽܴﵽ۷塭
һ׵˵ͷһƬռ䶼̮˵֮棬Ϊп
ȴ֪ʱ˿̣ƾѵ̫Ʒ֮ڱ֮


1040 ռ
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ֱǰѩɫ̫Ʒһ˿ѷ죬֮͸ûܹĽȫ£
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ƯϸֳһĨ֮ɫ̫Ʒѷ죬֪鵽Ѿûתˡ
ԣһҪ֮ͨĽУǿд
һ̣ǰѩͻȻױ飬˵̫ƷȻ֮飬ʧȥ
һУΪ˱Ľ磬Ҫ˵ĻͿ˴ˣϾ֮棬һײεǿڣԱСγɵĿֲûаյֵסڿȻˡ
΢΢һ㱻֮пֲûͬʱǿռ̮Ļһ֮˽ȥ
ûü֮صĽУ㱻ǻޱȵĿռ룬ȻԽ飬ȴ޾δ֪˦˽ȥ
֮棬޷˻Ҳȫͳ򣬵ȫδ֪ĵط
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˵彮ڵ彮彮ȵȡ˿ռ֮Уû֪ʲôط
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ռ̮֮֮ͬռΧɣȻֲ֮ڵľĽ磬ʼݻ١
ʱ˿̣ȻѾ֪粻̫ԣȴֹܹͣ£Ľˡ
޾ҵĿռ̮ӿĽУΨеһпԵȥԿռ֮ҡ
õǣĽǾ۵С磬ǰ磬ǳԽ˼ԴһǳԽģԣĽֵܹס޾Ŀռ̮
ǣֵסˣռǽͽ޾գ˭Ҳ֪֮еľĽ硢ʲôط

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ʱ򣬷ԼһƬޱȻߵ֮У뷱ǺԶΪϣܹĽ硢ܹ֮ԼԣȴֲûС
һʱ֮䣬֪;Ľ֮бˣǱ֮Ŀռ˦ط
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ڵ¥ɽǺǺӣ໥ܹ֮ģϾÿһǺӣ䷶ΧΪ޾˵ǳۡ
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ʱӡǣУǿ·ĶǱȽˡ
һ˵ڳǰط֮ǰԼһöʱӡǣȻһΧڣܸܵöʱӡǵĴڣȻֱӴ͹
ʱӡǣһԵĶֵܸߣ֮ǰϾһʱӡǣΪܹͨʱӡǣֱĽУԿ¥ɽϵĴǡ
ڣھǺӵʱӡǶܲˣ
˵Ǻ;Ǻ֮䣬ѾԽһľ룿
˾ԪĿ¶֮ɫôԶľ룬Ǵûеģ
Уڿռ̫áѾ޷ƽʱļԿˡΡ
һľ룬ʱӡǵԶɢΧ㵽ĻžһһΪֲ֡
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룬ϵʩչմԽһһΣһ˲ưôܹҪʱԽ
֪Ǻεȿֲһˡ
Ȼ绹̫ͣױڿռдٶںˣҪдԽһľ룬ҲҪһʱ䡣
οһֻǹ̾룬Ǻ;Ǻ֮䣬϶ǳһ򣬵Ƕ˭֪
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˵ͷɫ൱أһͷöѾѵѩɫ̫Ʒ΢¶һ˿Ȼ
Ȼûг̫á
ʧ٣ڣҪѰԣѱҪȥǧѡ
ȷڵκθ֪ƺƬռӡסˣ֮̽ͨ޷Ƭ֮⣬ֻһƬ뿪򣬿ܾܸܵھǺӵʱӡˡ
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˵ԴһʵԶԶγֽͳһĿռڶĳռС
ΨһҪĵģռУǷʲôδ֪ǿˡ
ȻеʵһָˣʲôرǿĴڣǰȫܹϵġ
Ǿ߿ɣǻҵСڣҪʲô⡣
˾Ԫ׺͵˵
˶Դ˵Ȼûδ֪ĵطǵȷѰæСУҪҡ
ţ˸򣬱㳯Ƿʩչռ䴩ԽֶΣһ±ǧľ룬Ǵ׼ǿֶΣ

뵽ǹŹֵķտռʱҲӻ˹
ڿռӿĽ֮Ľһ𣬱㱻˦˲֪ʲôطⳡռ̮֮УĽڵ赲˾󲿷ֵƻȴǿռݻһ롣
ҲѾӡյٷ֮ʮֱ뵽˻״̬
ڣ;ĽѾΪһ壬ȻھĽڣ൱ԶԿףռĽڿռ䶼ƻʱȴҲܵ˼ΪصĴˡ
ѹʱĿ֮һƬǽľĽ硭


ʮ Ǻӹż


1041 Ǻӷ
һƬǽľĽ磬̲סҡ
þĽ繻ǿǾ۵С磬ûֻǱƻһ˵Ľ˶ܴأ㻹
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ֻһӣ˽Ľ㲻Χռɢ֮⣬ĽطûܵʲôӰ졣
ر磬δܵǺúõӣ˿ҪµĻЩܽܣϾΪ֮Ѷء
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һ˼ֵи취ֻҪԼһ̤֮ؾӵԼС磬ԼСдһƬ½תƵС
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ֻ֮ܶһʱǰȫˣʱڣð취ߡ
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磬¥ɽǺôһƬ桭ѵΪŵĿռ£ܰĻЩôȫֹǰ񱩵Ŀռܵبĳ
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طһƬǺӷ棬һȻ֪ʲôط
ң¥ɽϴסȫʧ٣ǳŹ֣˵⼫ǿĴڣΪռȥ
ȣĿԲٷ֮һΣŵĻܷҲܣ϶취ңҴؾϡ
ܿ˳ҪôˣҪô֪ʲôط
һſȷԼһδ֪ڡ
ͷۣһ磬Ȼ֪ԼĶбҸù𣿲һѾǺҵˣȻţһоͻϣطͦģǸĺõطֻƺȫû
۲һΧһƬǺӷ浱УûκλĴڣûУӵеΨһƬţһļž
ûоĽĻһطͲòˣûòκβ䣬ǵ۾۷磬Ҳ
оĽ磬ֻҪصĽڣܹõ㹻Ĳ䣬Ľڵ˵޾ģƾһ۾۷壬ôĵĽ
һֱϾҪһ֮ڳؾھĽڣǳˣȴû㹻̺֮ıߵҩ
ǵ۾۷ĲΣҪ۾ҪĿɲˡ


1042 Ԫ徵
Ϲ۲ΧĻƬžǺӷУûκĴڣռһƬš
ʼʱʩչӰۣ֮̽⡣
ƬռȫţͳʩչӰۣ֮ʵͨŵصľƿأΧ̽⿪ȥ
ĻʵͨӰۣܹ֮̽⵽ΧԲ֮ڵ;ƿһϵĻϷԲ֮ڵκָƣǶԷ̫࣬һƾƿط
һ


̽ⷶΧϳԶţܿ죬ʹﵽһ֮⣬֮ڵȫ֮̽Уܿͷ֣ƬŵĿռûκĴڡ
ȻƬǺӷ浱УǷǳСһΧˣֻŵѳľ޴򸽽
ǰǿѳľ޴֮⣬кʮϣ̽ⲻôԶĵط
ȻʱܰȫûҪˣȹһԼ磬һΪΣյĻɾû취ˡ
˾Ȼʼǿѳľ޴ȥһ߿һ̽ѷ֮Уѷ֮ҲһƬţûκڡ
һ˼ѷУʱϢһ
֪Ǻӷ澿ʲôطܵĻΣԷΧ󣬲һطȿϤһĻ
ܿ죬Ǿ޴кľѷУĹɣ;Ľڵ½ɺܲһ
ƾ磬½ȫһĻٿԺһʮĿӶǳк
Сĳһ£ԼľϢȥȻ޷кκˣΪ֮𾪡
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Ĺ˵㲻ϣ
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ĲʣҲУΪ棬𾪵ǣһž޴Ĳʣ
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㹻ӲǶ˵ȫһЩˣʲôǿˣҲһ
ţھ޴ѷУҵһǳĶѨⶴѨײγɣΪγɣӦǱȽϰȫˡ
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һθпһҲ֪ʲôĴڣܹһž޴룬ƬǺӷ棬ʲôطγɵģ
һеһУڵ˵ܣƲ
뵽Ѩ֮ͬûзκĺۼȫһƬ̵Ǻӷ棬Ϣһӡ
˶Ѩ߶еľӡǣԼͻص˾ĽȥӡǣһŻɵĹâ״̬ⶴѨǿ߹Ļ϶ܹ׽ƻĽĻ
ԣڽĽ֮󣬸о̫׵ְи˳˾ĽľӡǸ
СͨǸһĽҲһģСĻʲôܹ֪ܿͨ

ĽС
ӾĽѡֵĵص㣬Ϊ˷ȻֱӳƬ½֮ϡ
ʱڣĽ˵Ƿ˷츲صı仯ռݻһ룬һĴӣһ֮ɢ磬鶼һ
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Ľطϵ˵ʵ̫ңԶˣо
һΰֱѣŻϵһЩӰ졭
ȸһأ֮⣬ȫһΪҡ
ƿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣӦܹǾ۵ߴͨˡȻѾɢ϶ܶãȻ»Ӳȶͨһսˡ
뵽
ھĽڣսĻҪ߶صϾѾǾ֮Ľ֮ӳ֣ǧ
ڣǵ۾εǿߣھĽڶĶ֣ϣԿԿ޵еĴڣûҪþ۵ͨˡ
磬硭
´뿪Ľ磬ǿԿ߶۵ͨӵʲôܣӦúǿɣ
ţȻݻһ룬ȴû⣬հٷ֮ʮľӡǣӦܷӳ۱İ˳ͨӦ൱Ŷԡ
ڼȻˣٳȥˣȸ㶨˵ɡ
֮ǰұ˾Ľڵߴأİ¡ػԼˣеĶȡˡ
ʣ¸֮ʱҲڣ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣܹĸ֪֮ʲôˡ
һۣϲ⣬Ϊ֮طȻֱҩƿӣҩƿУԷһö޾ĵҩ
ö޾ҩȫǳƷĲΣȻǾĵҩ֮Ʒõöÿһöҩ̺Ųٴܹ֮֮ٽͨ
κһö޾Ʒҩһҩܹõ۾εһǼ
ǳöҩļֵЩɻǣöҩȻȫһֵҩ
ġ˵ֵҩСԪ徵ƲϷǳѵãҪǵֻп˲С
öԪ徵ÿһö޼֮ҲһǲεĴڣһӶûԪ徵
ǣⵤҩȻöһȴҲûʲôðյڶöʱЧͻ룬յöʱҩЧٴμ롭
˵һö֮⣬öҩһ𣬻Ȳͬһöҩʿ˵ǳ͵ģǸ֮׼Ļöһĵҩʲôã
öԪ徵֮вĵһɵ㣬ãⷽ϶ƲһЩʲô
ˣ֮ǰҵõöʯͷȻͨƷȴӡ֮ͨΪԼ׼ʯͷΪط֮壬ܹ⸱á
ôڣѵۻһطЧܹͬĵҩҩ
̲סô²


1043 
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طĪ⣬ӵиϡŹֵЧ˵һط߲Ϸͬһֵҩҩ˥ȻҲпܵġ
ȻطڵĻضǼΪģѰ˸л
һ뵽طǴصľģѧطҲˡ
ȻһжֻĲ²⣬Ҫ֪ʵ࣬ȥѾ򵽸ĲβС
ʱ̫ãڿûôʱ䣬ʱȲȥӦðȶȡ
ţ֮дУöԪ徵ȫС
ʱûзöԪ徵ǻصϣٴ˱ѩ۹֮С
ѩ۹Դϴξ˰ֱ֮Ѿ·չҷչٶȼΪѸ٣ʵԱȵʥǸʮеκһˡ
ʱˣֻܹڣǾ֮˵Ĵڣôֱܽϳ
һˣ̲סЩп
վӡǵٷ֮ʮΪ˾Ľ֮ھĽڵʵޱǿᣬǶԿˣûκ⡣
ˣ¥ɽͳ磬ҷ¥ɽϵ֯
ڣĽѾ¥ɽϵƿأ˵ûκһ¥ɽϵӰӡ
˵ҲûдȥıҪˡ
ң鶼ֻܴһʱ䣬һ꣬˳ĻһὫǶתƵԼСȥһ˵Ĵڣ˵һ谭
Դ˼ãһİ취úõĹһġ
սˣ˵ѣѵǣҪһµƶͳι硣
뵽һ취Խһͳһƶȣѭƶȡ
Ǿǽһݣ
νݣ֮֮ϣһݵҪܣ̤ݵ޵ٶȡ
ĿĻǺʵֵģֻҪھϣ֮һķͿˡ
һ֮ûߣ˷ѵһʱ䣬ٶĽ˵硣
ĻдҲǶһ㰲ȫϣҪֻ֪ǵ۾۷Ϊмǵ۾ǵ۾Ļǻᰲȫܶࣿ
ȻھĽڣҪ۾ΣȽѣܿø̤ϵ۾۷ĲΣʵǿҲǺõġ
ھĽС磬̺Ŵܹ֮ԴԴۣһ˵ǲĹġ
һٶȣ۵ٶȸĻôĽڵһ콫ݽߡ
ԭôҲƽ״̬
뷨ǽ㹻ľ鷨һЩٶ磬һĹ⣬ֻҪܹһʱ㹻ˡ
һ֮ʱǹܲˣʱĽڶľԼˡ
ʱ䣬żܹþĽ֧һѾ鷨󹹽
취鷨ĻھĽ֧һ£һЩ޵ٶ
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ὫʥȻʥϣ½һݷֳһٲ㣬ײ㣬Ҳܹٱٶȡ
ٶȣѾԽʥϵȵ󡪡ҫջҫԼʥڵ鷨
ҫ鷨󣬶һٱٶȣֻܹԽ
ֻҪݽɣһЩײߣֻҪӵ㹻ǿ츳ܹݵĵһ㣬ٱٶȼӳɣ
ңǿ߻ͨˣ̤Ͼݵĵڶ㣬İٱٶȼӳɣϣݵĵ㣬ٱٶȼӳɡ
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һھһ죬൱ͨʮ꣡
ǺεȿֲЧ
ľݳ֣ǽֱӷϵҲжʲôˣΪǶ˶кô顣
˵ĸ߲㣬˭һ;һ
ݵĹأƶ
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Ҫƿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣܹĽڵ֮һݣ顣
ΨһģֻƾյĴ졣
ڵȱ˴֮վؾĴڣҪȻĻֻҪһܴЩ뷨ˡ
ڣҪѼʱ䣬ȥĵݳ
ѩ۹ط̫ļ䡣
ڱѩ۹У˺ܶǰֵǣʹ½ڣŵӣ޿޿Ϊ׵һȺǣԭѩʳУΪ׵ʥУʶĺüλ۵״ӡ
ˣڶڱѩ۹չҽѩ۹ܱΪǿһڡ
ݵ뷨δʵ׼ȸѩ۹˵һ£Ȼѩ۹ŲʥǱȥ
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Ųѩ۹ȥƯʥϿգڼɹľݣһѩ۹øá
ıƵ뷨ʱھ;ˡ
ѩ۹ıѩ۶ʱȴִʱ˿̣ѩ۹Ȼպһ鷳
Ƕһԣûг֣ɨһ۱ѩ۶ϿһƬѹѹӰɫ΢һ
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ѵЩʮˣԱѩ۹ģ
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Ҳѹ֣Ͼһʱ䣬ѩ۹չʵ̫Щʮܵв
ѩ۹ǿԽ࣬ҪԽԴЩԴĶȻǺ
ھĹУʮѾŴγԿܲˣ׼ѩ۹һϹƣ
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Ȥ
ڵ˵ССˣ׽ǰʮǺѹѹǧȫݻ١
δôΪҪڵıѩ۹չľΣʮ̫Ϊѩ۹Ϊ


1044 
ķһԣƲй۲ųе
ʮܹǧˣѹѹһƬͨͷ󣬽ٵ˱ѩ۶Ͽա
Уڡˮ½ڡ̫۹֮˺ȻУлۻý֮ǰҪǸ׷׺ͷ̫Ԩ
˴ж̫ԨȼǿΪףʮһǿߣѩ۹£ȱѩ۹Դ
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̫ԨһģǿߣǶǵ۾ľ硣
һԾڣɫӣɫƣͬһɫһһ㣬͸ʢ˵Ϣ
˱Ǿڵ̫ž
һѩ׳ȹһѩ׽ʣ׷ƮȻ䣬ӰΣһŮӣޡ
Ůˮ½ڵ̫ˮϼ
һǿɵ۹֮ˣһһͶƵ׳˶ӣǿɵ۹ĴӣԬ죬ɢۻơ
̫ԨˮϼžԬ죬˱ʮӪУǿĸǶǵ۾ǿڡ
ĸ֮⣬ʮʮӪҲе۾εĴڣȫһǵ۾һãҪƾһǿѩ۹һ򾡣ֱӴУûз֮
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ϵ˵֪ĽѾ˾ޱ䣬˾֮Ľ綼Ѿ¥ɽǺӾˡ
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ֳ־ͶƵ׳˶ӣԬ죬ϹһĨаЦӸ£ѩ۶ѩ۹֮ˣ̫ţʮԴգʮҪǱѩ۹ֻ֮عĲһ˵ô졭Ѫϴѩ۹
ԬΪǵ۾Ĵڣϣ˵ǶˣΪɵ۹ĴӣӵԴǵ۾Ҳ顣
ɾ˶ǵ۾֮󣬾ӵս۵ʸϣԬ죬ڵһݵǿߣ
Ҳŵʱûܹ赲ĻѪϴѩ۹Ҳǲܵ飬˵
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οڵıѩ۹ǿҲǲٵģǿ߶ʤ
λԶȻһھҪұѩ۹Ҳ̫Щɣ
ĳ֣ƮȻηɵʮǧǰһΣԶԷǧˣȻ˿ûϱԷѹ壡
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һ۾ͿˣǸ֮ǰµָǰ̽ǸϹżˣǸϹżˣԭһͷıǿߣʱǿֻͬһż
֮ǰ磬ǴϹżλϢģڿĽǴżҵõϹżеĴС
ͷǿߣǰҲǴ׼֮ǰȻģ϶˲ٺöģܹõҲ
Ҫ֪µϹżУ϶кܶ塢壬ܹ˳õдУΪס
Ҳ֪ǱǿߣϹżЩʲô
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һԵ̫ԨԬ̬Ҳǲˬüͷ΢ģֻҪӦʮˣߣΪǱѩ۹Σ
Ŀһ׳˶Ԭ죬δ˵ʲôֻһ˿ɱһʵǸ
ʲô㵹˵˵
ûԬ죬Ƕ̫Ԩʵ
ܼ򵥣ܹʮһ뽫Ǳѩ۹Ϲż̫ż似ʮͬ򣡡
̫Ԩ˵ڶ뽫Ǳѩ۹ڣһԴȫʮ
뽫Ǳѩ۹Уʵؾʿȫʮʮ
ġ
ˡ
ʱ˰֣˵ˣҾͲܴӦʣʮҲض˵˰ɣ
˹ϵľܾԷû꣬һʮЩȡ
ŮޣеֻϧڿɲǸñʱľܾҲ˵ѡս
Ц
̫ԨĴϣʱмĴЦģѵΪʱ򣬻㱱ѩ۹ˣˣҲǡߣϻ˵Ϸôһ仰ǲӦʮѩ۹ᱻɱʮҪƿѩ۹
ǣֹǣ
̫Ԩһ仰ʮǧ˲ɢƣȫؾǿߣֱѩ۶
ĶһˣڶԷǧǰʱԵޱȵС


1045 ŵ
̫ԨķвʱͻȻӰȻĵ
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һЦһ̨ʣһֽӴ˳ǰ۵״֮һ
ҪԱѩ۹֣ɲô׵ء
һֵӰŴ߳һվǰǳ۵״֮һٷ磡
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һŮͬǰٷĽ㣬
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˵ĳ֣ٴЩ⡣
Թԣһٶе찡Ȼﵽһǵ۾ĲΣٷ磬˲٣ҺԻĳϹżĴС
۾¿кϷˡ
Ȼ˵磬Ŵﵽһǵ۾ĲΣϹżеĻԸ̫ԨĶǵ۾ǲģ
ڹؼǣԷʵ̫ˣǧһӵϵĻ˺սܽĸ
Ǻǣճ֮һǵ۾ʵǲֻϧǰûƽ̸еʸ񡣡
̫ԨƤЦⲻЦ˵ţǻ֧ԮеĻϷһгɣϷ򿴿ǹʸʮƽ˵
̫Ԩ仰꽣΢΢һЦģʧġ
䣬޴ӰͻȻϿƲͶӰó˶һ̫Ԩˣͬʱ̧ͷͷȥһ۱͵Ĺӵã
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ŵһŵ壬ͱǧ˼һҪȻӰѩ۶֣
ŵ޹ŵȪŵڣϦ衢濻жһѾŵֱȫˣϹżƷսһܹӸǿܣ
һҲǰһ
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ŵĳ֣ñѩ۶ȫǲ˶˵ڰֱڼ䣬˵еĹŵֵ֣ס֮ӣձס޹ŵסѩ۹
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ԬоͶƺȻϣ·һö޴ڵֱĻȪŵ
׳Ԭ죬¶һĨаЦ޶ܣһ
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ϹżƷս޹ŵô׾ͻᱻƻģ
һߣ޶ܵһȻײ˻ȪŵΧһȪϢУһҫ貵Ĺâ̫һҫȫ
һȻ죬ȪŵֱӱŸ߿պɿȥ˫ײ֮ҫ۹âɢȫ޶ŵĿֲ
뷽ŵ޹ŵһȪŵԬ޶ײ£ͬûܵκˣ
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ԣŵһ̫Ԩһս˿ûκƣ˶ûУһʼڵ˶ԷɫȻ̫Ԩ˷
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δڱѩ۹Ȼ˶в̽⵽鱨ʵ̫ˣֱǴش
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̫ԨɫΪһ̧֣׼ʩչǿĵ۵ͨ
ˮϼԬҲһһ֮Ѿǰŵܼ֣²κδ⣬ͬʱȫ֣


1046 պ
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ȻܹˣҲΪ֮ǰ̽һϹżõԼĻԵЩϹżĵص㣬ѩ۹˵ġ
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֣Կʮ۾ǿߣƽһҪԸˣѶȼ󣬿۾ǿߣÿһٶǵ۾ڵģлһ۾ڵģʵΪǿᣡ
սսս
ִҪӣֳѾɱΪϹżƷսķ籩ħȫħƣ˲ӳߵħ⣬۾ǿ߶ֶס۾ڵĹͷǿߡ
񱩵ķħģǱԴؼǣžȻѾͷ籩ħϵ˫ľ磬ѷ籩ħѾʶ
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1047 µ
ѩ۹Ȼǿߣ
۾ڵĹͷǿߣڱŽס֮ɫ䣬ȫû뵽ѩ۹ȻӵǿߣԵ۾ΪӲ۾ڵѣ
һ뵽ǿʾǿԣòƣֳħļһҲûడôô̶һʱ䣬ܹﵽµĵز
Ȼ֪ѩ۹󣬿֧֣Ҫ˵ôϹżλϢñѩ۹ˡ
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ʩչܽԷʣ۾֮˳ѹסûһ˿һķ
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ߵСģСսѾ춨ʤ֣źͳ𡢻ȶϣڵ۾Ĳλ˵޵еˣ۾۷ǿߣӵ࿹֮
ǳ۾εǿߣܽ˻ܡ
Ҳû˷һ˿һʱ䣬ֻ˶Էʣһ֮󣬱ǰطȥæˡ

Źעһԭڵڶʦֵܺͳǡ
Уڵ٣мλϣʢʿˮڣҲڵĴڣʵսУӵԱˣȽǿĶֵĻȻҲиǿԼ˳֣
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һǿ߲л꣬ǧǰץһǿߣʣһ˿ڼ֮󣬱㽫ѧһжи˲С
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Уһ˱Ϊԭڵ˿סһߣһʲô۾ǿ߹㱻һ롣
һ룬ջīˣջī밵Ӱϣ֮ǰͱġ
ڣΪϦԵ˱Դģʵϣԭ齨ˣȫѾ˱ԴģֻҪȥŵвˣѶȲ󣬶Ҳ˷Ϧκʱ䡣
ջīڵ磬ͬǵ۾ڣ벽вʵϦ˲ʹ似ֶΣʵڲУҪǿһ֡
ջīͲУһһ룬Ϊڵס֮Уԭһ𣬲Ҫɱѩ۶ʮޡ

һƬ֮УӰڱѩ۶дУѾɱ˲ٱѩ۶еޣЩҲҲЩ΢ˡ
ˣȻǺףˣһȥۻý磬ȴֻ̤˵ʮ㣬ûܳΪ۵״ӣֻܼˡ
벻ڣȻʮӪУɱűѩ۶ǡ
벻Ը龹Ȼˡ
Ǻһ˵Ϊˬ׶Ѿǵ۾ڵǿڣӵһԽս˵ڱѩ۶ĵطԺˡ
ʵϣǼ۾ڵĽ֣ȻͽǺ˸ˣʵǳԤϡ
Ҳ֪ںδڱѩ۹˽ѣŵĻ϶˰ɡ
ֳһĨʵɫԺУʼջḡֳӰΪʣ֮ȥ
ѩ۹ɱѩ۶֮ˣһҲΪҪӰĻչʵ̫Щ
ҿСӿˣ˵һγ֣ǸǰˣԺ󣬾ûֹ
Ǻһ˵ţһ۾ΪһõĿꡣ
ǰԶòŮӣʥпʼ˪Ů
ڣ˪Ůǵ۾ڵʵǺ˵ƺԵЩˡ
Ǻ˪֮ĹϵڽŮնɱĻӦòȥǸһ˰ɣ
ϣ
˸˲乥ǰ˪Ů
˪ŮԭʮһʾСӣǺ˵͵ϮʱЩ⧲
һʱ䣬ŮͻϮʩչֶΣȴбǺһٺƣȻܵˣͬ߷һ俪ȥ
ɱ
ɱ⵱ͷǺˣȫûκϧĴ㣬˫֮ȫӿֳ޾ɱ⣬׷ϣҪ˪Ůɱ
ҲʱһĵͻȻӸǺ˶Уһͬħ˲ǰֳ˸ֲֿĻ
һĵһӰⲽֳſ߳սķܰ
ܰ˿̵Ѿﵽ˵۾ڣֱ٣ҪǣϾȻһ˿͸ʣЩ͸ʵ
ǿߵϢѵܰѾͷȻƾ߳ѣйؿߵһЩֶΣ
̲ס뵽
ˣ˵磬һǿĴڣƺܸᲢۣۣһ˵ĳԱרΪƵҩ
ɼ˵ضǼΪ󣬱Ͼӵ
ڣܰƺǵõ˿սһЩУҲ֪Ǵӿ߳򣬻Ǵġ
֮ʳԭܰ߳µӡǣҵµһżżУõߵ²С
֮ȻܰںסǺ˵ͬ߳ѵĵ֮£׺ǺˣȻȫûеֿ׷뵽˼ֲĻþ֮Уܵ޾Ŀѡ
ĵУǺˣȻ࿪ʼ˫·ӶԷΪʹ޵ĳˣʩչһһֶͨΣԸ˶Է
ֻһʱ֮ױǺһлʵͨɱǺҲѾˣȻ޾Ŀѻþʹȥ
սΧΧٽȫƷɣƬñѩ۶ڴľӹ̹ģҪȻĻһսܽѩ۶ݻٵˡ
УһƬǽ塣
ܰվԭųѡ
𽥴ѩ۶Ľ䣬ھܰȽϽĵطʮ֮ȫ˿ѻþȽԶģһȻûþʵȴҲܵ˺ܴѹƣʮʵܷӳĲ߷֡
Ȼ˿µĵܰȥ紳һˡ
̲ס뵽


1048 ǿʵ
ŷܰĵƮﴫѩ۶۶֮ڵƣʮǳľ淢չ
ʮδӵʮһǵ۾Լʣ¿еĶǵ۾̫žɫ
࣬ˣѩ۹ûʲô۾εĴڣǳ֣Ψܣ
žһ£ʮһǵ۾ڵĵطɱ˹
˵ΨһвľģԼǰһǵ۾ֱٷ硢
״ӣڶһǵ۾ΣֻҪģǲò±ѩ۶ֻҪѩ۶£ѩ۹кοɾµģ
ʮһǵ۾žǳɱЩɶǵ۾ǿߣÿ˵ƶǼΪǿᣬѩ۶ֲ߱ѹ
ǷܰĵҲӰ첻ʮˣΪ˫ʵ̫ˣʵϵľԲ࣬κֶζֲġ
Ͼܰ绹Ǻܸߣŵ۾ڲΣ۾β̫
ʦãˣ㡣
꽣΢΢Ϲ޵΢ЦȻڲһǵ۾ĲΣȴһϢǴϹżеõĴУսԱѰһǵ۾ҪǿϺܶࡣ
žӿ㲻ˬܾˣ
ȫƣɱ˷·һ⣬˲ƿնȥ˳ɱĶǵ۾žǰһ󣬽žС
޼󣡡
гƻֺ꣬ɵ޼˲žûС
Цһǵ۾
žһȫɫױȵ¶ȣֹ޼󶼷մĵžбӵ˼¡
žܿ췢֣ʩչ޼󣬾ȻĻͨƴ˫ĴڶƴУĻͨȻûռκƣ
޼ʲôֶΣ
žͷһڷ֣޼󣬾ȻƺǳԽϹżĽ似̫żǳƷ似
̫ż似ڶӵУ˵̫żƷˣֶεĳ֣ž𾪵ͬʱҲϲ⡣
ԣܹ׽Ļܹϵõܶô
ȻҪ׽ѧ̫żƷ似žǵ۾˵Щѣԣžԥĺ֧Ԯ۾ǣƣҪһã
һǵ۾ʣǱ߻оһǵ۾Ըٷ硢ˣӦ㹻˵ġ
ʮһǵ۾ǿߣ׷žĺɱ
һӸܵѹ޼ףͨǰۻýѾ˳Ȼֶ֮βʱǵֵ
žڣһǵ۾һǵ۾Բʩչ۵ͨѹҪľȻѹ
ͬһǵ۾ĲΣٶԷһʱȫƣ˲γһ֮Լֱ
֮ΪͣԷֹһʱ䶼ûƵҲõЩϢĻᡭ
һߣĺٷ硢һӭ˶Էһǵ۾
ҴͷϽ㣬㸨ң
ٷ¶һĨЦݣȳ˳ȥͷǿı
ʦģϵŮӰ˵һޣ氮Ϳֹģ
ǾŸϹҵĴꪰɣ
ٷͬһֱӳŶԷŸһǵ۾˹ȥһѾͳӰԻɨ
ͳӰ֮ϣźüּģ໥ں໥գһɾǿƻսٵԷŸһǵ۾ϣ˿ֲĻ
ͳӰʵ̫ˣǾһǵ۾ȫڣʱ˿̣˸ɫ΢䣬׷һֵͳӰ
Եģͨ似ȫʩչֵͬסͳӰ
ҲʱͬȻ裬˶Է֮䣬һĵԷȫڡ
Էһǵ۾һ̾ȻȫӰ쵽׷ֻܷӳһʵ
Ϲ
ٷûκԥǾ޴Ӱ㳯һһǵ۾ȥ
һ£
£
£
ĵӰ£һǵ۾ֻǿʩչͨ۵ͨǷ͵ģԾ޴Ӱµʱֻʩչʵͨ
ʵֵͨܵס˾޴Ӱ
޴Ӱ£һαһǿιֱӽһǵ۾ҵÿѪ˱ҷɿȥھѣﶼܵشˣӶʱûκսˡ
һǵ۾ɵһȴȻǺܺá
Ϊʣ°һǵ۾ڻ֮ƳʩչĻͨȻĸΧĸٷΧ˹
һӣٷѹǴһĵ£ȡ̫ս
Է˿Χ֮ٷ޴ĴꪣҲЩӲˣ뵽ƵС
ԶԷʮǿ۾֣ٷ磬׷ЩҲʱߵ֧Ԯڵˡ
ģһϣһһæ
һƮޱȵӰԶ˷һ貽·ֱӲ뵽ս֮УҪٷһǵ۾׷׻˿ȥ
ɣ
ջĽޣڣȴѾ˱ѩ۹ĳǿ֮һһﵽ˵۾۷壬˵ṳ̂۾ĲΣսԿԿһһǵ۾
ģȻҲˣԱ˵ͷԭڿǣҪȰеһھͲҪˡ
Ϊ˹ɹæһٷѹ֮⣬һ۵ҲһƬħƣڴ
Ħի죡
۾۷壬ʱĦի죬͹һǵ۾۷磬õϹżУʵԲڹ֮¡
˹ɺĦիİæٷͽѹ
ģǻһͷ޴񣬺Ϣ˲ϮȫȻ䵽һǵ۾սŵС
ڵ۾εսڿʼƾ
ʮžҪֱӻĵ뷨ǳˣû뵽ѩ۹Ȼӵô೬ǿսôһܹԽսĹ̥
ǺܲԾ
⣬ҲҪԱѩ۹ֵҪԭ֮һˣܹƿڱѩ۹ӵеЩԴʮʵõȵǿ
ʮĵڶԮں棬Ҽһ£
žһ۾ǿߴһǿļ


1049 ׹ֱ
žȣʮǴ˼Ѫһ˷ܡ
ʮĵ̣ɲڱֳЩʮȫһʵܹ࿹ģĴڣʮһȡ˵λãûпܵ顣
ΪˣʮŸԱѩ۹֣Ϊ飬˸ܲˣܣҲùȫ֣ʮƴĻ˵ѵĻͨ顣
ңڵۣҲǺܲģΪҲֻ۲֪ڵľĽ羿ڷʲô顣
Ľ磬ƴ䣬۲εĴڣ΢ܵһЩ˿Ϊˣû㹻ľԸʮμж
žڱѩ۹˵һˡ
ڣԷʵѾ뱱ѩ۹ʵ࿹⣬ʮ֧Ԯôѩ۹пֲܼס
ʦֺͶʦڵĻͲ˱ˡ
һЭսһǵ۾һžӨĺ򣬷ڳУԺɧһǵ۾õĹᡣ
һ뵽̷͵죬ĺ˵ͷǳãΪֱڣǶ̷֪͵쵽׵˺δ
ѵѾڰֱбЩ޸ɱ
ȻԺܵͣ⣬ĵ˻ʵ벻ˡ
սš
۾εսڱѩ۶Ͽռݣѩ۶֮УڷܰĴ߻£𽥺תֱѩ۶ǧˣѾгһ䣬ʣЩȫ·ڱѩ۶Ͽջһƺ׼ȼϣʧ֡
˫˶޷ֵ۾εսȥˣڹעŵ۾֮սѩ۶֮еĲˣΪĵһѺ
ʣѩ۹ʵʵ̫ǿˣڶԷʮֶڸ߶ս϶ûܽѩ۹ѹס
ʮ֮еĵһȣѩ۹ʵѾܹ걬ˣֻϧԷʮʮǿһ֣ѩ۹ܹʱֵסѾǺܲ׵ˡ
˵ʮ֧Ԯںͷ
žһȣѩ۶д˶ͷһȵʮ֧Ԯȫѵѩ۹Ҫ˸𲻳ɣ
òףѩ۹ӵ˿ٵķչȴʮǿ˵Ĵ
ˣѾڿǺ·һѩ۹ĻǸúȥδӣ
ǿǵʱ䲢ࡣ
ΪһʱһȺǧؾεĴڣ֮кȻ֣ЯޱǿƵϢٵ˱ѩ۶Ͽա
һȺǧˣȻһʮǿߣǵŴϾͿóμʮʮֲͬװ൱ۡ
УһȺؾǿ֮⣬вٵ۾εĴڣܹһǵ۾һֱȺűѩ۶Ͽյĵ۾սȥ
ǧǿߣѾʮһˣܹôԸѩ۹ʮ˴˵ľڡ
һǵ۾սǰžҪžһ𣬽꽣Ħիס
Ƿٷ͹ڵսҪԭһǵ۾ϣʣˣ׼ȥԸĺŮǳɹսϲҪһʱ䣬ѩ۹ⷽԻ̴ܣ
һ̣ϵ˱ѩ۹ʱ򣬱ѩ۹ȫѾչֳˣҪסǾԮһǵ۾Ѿûʲôˡ
ѩ۶У˵ɫе԰ѩ۹ѵûʲôϣ
˶ţ˹æϾ飬˵ͳ൱вģһʮ˱ѩ۹ôʮʵв˵ĵλ
ô˵˲ûеһûû֪ô¡
Уѩ۹ĵˣҪֲסˡ
ġɡĦի죬һڼսȴҲ¶˱ɫ
ʵڲеĻֻʱһ±ѩ۶ˡ
ĳ˵
һԷҪǰѩ۹Уɱһ취ûС
һɫǳѿ
ˣѩ۹군ˣʱǲҲܱץס
ҡҡͷҪǹؼʱ̵ĻҪѩ۹ˣҲֻѡˡ
ŵ˵ܹųǿķ󣬵ҲֵܹһʱˣԶֵסԷңŵɲ޵ģڱѩ۶пһξ֮ĻطͿˡ
ŵһȻ缸޽ķȴܱѩ۹
ˣжһӰ
߿Уŵǵ۾Ȼڽֶս֮УѾʱ׼ͷž֮ʮ֮˵ֵڱѩ۶֮⡣
ҵҪǻʲôŵɣ
߿֮У̫۹̫ԨЦѾʮĴʤ۹ʮʵǿǵʵҲлԸһˡ
̫۹̫ԨЩʮȫһϲɫ
ˮ½ڵ̫ŮˮϼԼɵ۹Ŀ຺Ԭ죬;ڵ̫žһţʤҪʱˡ
ǣҲؼʱ̣Ǿ֧Ԯһǵ۾ǿߣҪԭĵ۾սʱͻȻˡ
һ޴ɭȻ׹ֱۣͻȻд͸ЯſֲɭȻľһѽĸһǵ۾ץС
ţɭȻ׹ֱһ󣬿ֱֲӽһǵ۾˷飡
һǵ۾ɭȻ׹ֱ֮£һ㷴ûУֱӱɱҪ˵С磬ױĸʴûϴһĺۼ
ĵϢ𽥴Ǿ޴ɭȻ׹ֱɢȫò˺Ȼʶʲô
һĻ䣬ǻ֧Ԯһǵ۾һֱǻɢֻһ㣬ǾҪһǵ۾ʹ࣬˾͵İ׹ֱֱɷ飡
ңҪǣȫ֪ʲôֶΣԺˣֻԼɭȻİ׹ֱЩϤȻİ׹ֱۣȻûôǿ󡭡
ֻбѩ۹УȽϤˣͻȻʶ͵ɭȻ׹ֱۣһ֮ͨ
ˣ
ϲɫ̳̽ͨΧɢȥҪټԿ϶׹ֱ۾ֶΣȻ֪Ϊʲôӵ˿ֲʵˣ츳ôʱ䲻ˣʲôΣ㲻Ⱑ

ʮЩˣһôСӣһǲܾ𣿶ҾСٳ֣ô˿ֲ
һУɱĸһǵ۾׹ֱ۵ܣֱֲ˹


1050 ѹ
ľɭȻ׹ֱۣһǵ۾һ飬ȫˣ뵽𾪵С
ѩ۹ӪޣȫЩϲȻ˲֪ʲô˵ֶΣȻ׹ֱڶԸʮˣ
ѵ˵ˣܹӵ˿ֲģҲֻ˵ĸˡ
жôš
ΨиϵЩˣſ˳׹ֱ۱֮ͨһ֮֡
ֵ֮ǰľ֮Ҫǿ̫ˣֱǿٱ
һǵ۾˲䱻ɱʣ˵ĶҲͣ׷ɫţޱȾɨΧ
ڣǼǰյУһӰ̤ռǾ޴İ׹ֱۣǳӰȥȻǱӰƿصġ


ӰֵʱʮЩ˷׷ɫ䣬رžˮϼԬ죬̫Ԩǵ۾۾е㲻š
Ƕǵ۾ڳߣĸܵɭȻ׹ֱ̺ƻ֮
Ҫ˵һǵ۾ǱɭȻ׹ֱ۹Ҳ˲䱻ɱķݣûκε
յǸ꣬ôʱ䲻Ȼӵ˿ɲʵˣ
һװŪȻǵĻʾһ
Կɵ۹Ŀ׳Ԭ죬֮һ׹ֱ۵ֶΣһͨ˵ɱҷǿߣҲ͵Ϯ֮սδѹҵ뿴㻹ܷܲǰһ
׳Ԭ죬ֳһͶƣһ֮ȫӳһɫĹâ·һöڵһ㣬ڵĵطϮ
Сģ
ġŮڣ˶̲סȻһɱһǵ۾ʵǲ岻ȻЩġ
ϾԬʮ֮һɵ۹еǿ߰ﵽ˶ǵ۾ĲΣ
ǿóҲŵ۾۷ѣҪԿԬ죬ԲףһУͻȻϮɡ
Ͼǰһֱó͵ϮɱֶΣĵ˵ͷǳϤˡ
ӵͦ󡣡
ۿԬ컯ڵԼϮ̲סЦһЦΪһо֣ܹ֮һסأȴû뵽в۵ļһﲻ
Ȼˡ
΢ſۣܿγһϢڹȫûиԬ˿ķӦʱ䣬ֱ˳ȥ
Ԭ쳯ɱٶȱͺܿ죬ԿˣڣľϢٶȸ죬Ԭ
ԬԼϹżսƣҪӲӲԣȴܵһھϢ̺ŵļ޵еʱʧɫ
Ȼ
Ϣڹ˲佫ԬϹżսУǿƻԽԬ
ƻǿͨϢԬûκεֵѹ
ڹؼʱ̣Ԭ쵹ΪȷķӦжƴ߶Ŵֱӵֵס˾Ϣһ˲
һ˲ѾԬܵʱ䣬ûκԥ˲ͻƿռ䣬һöռս˲Ƶǧ֮ĵطԭֱʧˡ
ԬĳɹߣʣЩʮ˿
˵չֳ޷ƥеǻлߵģ·ҲͲô
ǾϾͷˡ
ܣ
۾ɵĸܵԬ˲Ƴֵĵطһ̧֣޾ۣ֮ӳϣȫٴαǡ
֮֡ץ
һռͨȻʩչ֣֮ɭȻ׹ֱ۴ռֱͨӽ˲ƵǧԬס
Ȼ߶ֱ֣֮ӽԬץ˻
ھĽ֮Уڵ൱飬Ҫ˵ǵ۾ؾĴڣǴ׵ĴڣھĽж࿹⣡

һ׹ֱɭȻ̼佫Ԭ׳ʴױؼγ
бһƬž³֣չֳ˾ѹʵⳡսѾˣͬ־һ
ӵ˿ֲʵǰʮһΣ
һǵ۾ӵǧ֮⣬һץ£ʮʲô취࿹⣿
ڵʲô磿
̫۹̫ϵۻʣ̫ԨҲһʱʳ
ԿǲܵģȻͬԬҲܣ̫ԨȻҪ
̫ԨȥǵȻԸģϾ̫۹̫ϵۻʣȨ죬żõ½ˡ
ԣ̫Ԩ̸̽һЩ˳㳶ϵġ
ֻϧǸܼǳˡ
һ̫Ԩ뵽˵һμ̫Ԩĳۻý翪ʼ֮ǰ̫ԨȴܾȻ̫ԨЩв֮⡣
Ȼۻý֮˹ӶӰɱɱȴΪ۶ѡ
ڻǺܺ棬׵ʱ˭ڹӶɱ֯ȥɱ۵ʱû㹻ȥݣڣݵĻ϶ɾҵĴˡ
֮֮ӳ֣
΢΢ֱӾͿʼ֮ݣ
̫֮Ԩͷۣһǰĳͷ˳밵ӰĸڽжԻĳʾ˳ر֮ӳ£ӵеǿ֮
Ȼ㣬Ӷ˰Ӱɱ֯Ҫȡҵֻϧúܡ
һЦ̫ԨӶɱ֯ݲͺˣΪ̫ԨǶǵ۾ĲΣֻǵ۾۷ˣһǵ۾ǣȻݳ̫ԨйصĶ
ǳͼһ֣̫ԨɫֱӾͱˣŸ̸̸飬ͼһԼģȴû뵽鶼ǳˡ
һôܻ
Ȼˣɣ
ݳʱ̫ԨӶӰɱ֯ҪɱȻûʲôˣοԷҪɱѩ۶оҲκɲԷɵˡ
֣ˡ
ֱٻһ֣һֳ䵶ĺӰԣȻ˲ͳ̫Ԩԡ
̫ԨѾǳˣֵٶʵ̫ˣһֱĵն£˲̫Ԩ˻þС
Ȼʵһӣֱӽ̫Ԩ˳նɱûκ
磬ǲþĽ֮ļӳ֣ܹǵ۾ε̫Ԩսɵģ˵ö˵ֱӶ֮Ծѹ̬ˡ


1051 ƽн
̫ԨԾʵѹնɱлʣǵ۾ˮ½ڵŮˮϼԼԾڵ̫ž
˶Ǹǿߣڣ̫ԨԬ̱Ծʵѹնɱ֮󣬷׷ɫ䣬û˿ٶԸѩ۹ͷҪ˵Կˡ
ҴˣĹңպҴˮ½ڣðǱѩ۹һṩˮ½д洢һԴ˴β
ˮϼһģֱġ
ΪԬ̫Ԩ³ôܲףԼڵĲǷǳ޴Ȼ֪ŵ۾۷Ϊӵǿڲòͷ
ҲһԸ⸶ɵԴ׸㣡
žҲæͷ˵Ҳ¼벽̫ԨԬĺ󳾣ʱͷʲôѾҪˣҪҪס
΢΢۾΢˼һ
ˣҪɱĻʱɱˣڵ˵ֻҪԷھĽ緶ΧڣǶ˵ֻ൱ֻϡ
ԣɱɱ˵ûʲôˣ̫ԨԬ죬ǱҪɱ˵ģһ̫ԨӶɱ֯ҪɱͷԲܷŹԬ췽̽պԬסڳˡ
ˮϼžûʲôɱıҪ
ţԺԱѩ۹һЩǱصвҲνˣϾݼ𣬱ѩ۹ȻΪģʵһǵ۾εǿߣҲ᲻ӿ֡
ţˮϼžĻǲʲôͷҲھĽڵ
㶯һЩʲôõ˼ҲֻǱѩ۹˵ˡ
ݵĽɣܹһ磬һٶȱü죬ûӦĶɱĥµĻսǻϡ
ЩǱڵвҲǺõģЩв˵ֻϣûбҪȫɾ
ǲѰ뿪ĽĻģֻѡһЩԼεǿߣԼǰⴳ
ȻˣǵðһɵԴ͵ѩ۹ˣǿˡ
ЦŰ˰֣ˮϼž뿪
ϲ⣬ȫû뵽ǷˣǻΪձأϾ˿ֲʵɱǣȻȥڡˮ½ڶȡԴҲ練Ƶģκ
ǣûǷֱͬϵĸоķǳܣϾǰӱΪϣȴˡ
Ȼвһ£ڵ˸ûбʲôѡֻɴĴԼŵЩˣѸٳűѩ۹֮ȥ
ʮʣµʮĸȫûз£һ˿һҶȫֻԭصȴǵˡ
û˸ܣǿǵ۾Ԭ죬ҪֱܶץˣЩආӵõˡ
ʮˣȫɣպ׼̤뱱ѩ۹벽⣬ʮˣھϵĵʸȫԶһ
ֱӰ˰֣ЩȫˣϾҲǰۣöԸЩˡ
ʮɴ⣬һһԮһǶܵĹһתܣû˿ԥһ͸ı⣬κ˶Լ䱦ĪĶС
˵ġݡʸ񡱣ʮ֮˸֪ô˼ڵҲûȥ˼һˡ
ڱѩ۹ˣġϦڣǶԾ൱档

һͣܿ콫ݵ߸ĵˣȻĵǰ֪ͨбѩ۹ޡ
ڱѩ۹ǣڼʱ֮ȫ֪Ϣͬʱ֪ϢУȻҪϳˣֱԾ磡
㣬˱ѩ۹һġϦ衢濵ˣȫû뵽ڵѾǿزȻΪ˾֮
Ľʲô
˵ʵڵģھĽ絽һ䣬Լ֪Ծ飬Ҳû˶˵ֻԼǾܹ֮ͳĽ磬ҽὨݣѸ磬ٽΪ
ݣܹһٲ㣬еһռУٶٱȻڶУٶİٱУٶٱһֱһٲ㣬ٶȽܹ򱶣
ھݹľãҲǽˣݵÿһ㣬κҪ룬иòͨơ
ͨƣͨһãǷۻý磬еߣܹǽۻýǰ㣬ӵǧƽпռ䣬ӿ似
ȻҪʥƽȻۻýˣΪ֮ȫԽ߶˵ĺۻýͬܵĴڡ
ⷨΪƽн硱ƽн磬ҲǷֳһٲ㣬ÿͨһ㣬ܹһöݵͨơ
Ҫǣƽн罫᲻趨κ׼ƣҲ˵ޣֻҪҪ̤ƽн磬Խ룬ۻýֻÿ²ſһΣ˲ܹ롭
һϳ˵ľٶض޶֧֣Ϊȡ֮ģƶУ˶Ըٶ似ˮƽ
ݣԭʥ֮ϣΪʥĴڣƽн磬һٸˣлһþݵͨơ
˵
Ȼô˵ˣͱʾ϶һ㣬
ĶļƻЩģȻǾ֮ˣĽе϶Ҳ޵İɣĻĽеֶܼã
ʵʵ˵һꡣ
ɫЩϢʱҪ͸¶ȥĽ磬ʵڶǳΣգֻʣһʱ䣬һľȫɱ
Ǿ֮ѵֹЩӹ
ͷԼ򵥣ֵʵ
治ܣΪǲֵľΪռԵʣѾ˾Ľ磬ھĽһ֣ҵƿ֮С
ΪƵ˵
˾˰ɣƽн;ݵĴڣǴҵ磬һʱڿ϶м
Ϧһ˼һ˵һ֮ϣǶԳɳܺһȥⴳĵزɣ
λɵöˡ
Цŵ˵ͷ˵


1052 ػʥ
ʱ仹ǱȽϽȵģδڱѩ۹̫ͣã˼һ棬˵һֱ֮Ӿǰ룬ʥС
ʥǣ֪Ϊʲôѩ۹ô飬˶ûг֣ԭʥУڽһҪĻ̸
̸۲룬ҲʮһЩҪμӣҪʮ˷
֪ȫʮƾ˻תƵ۵עϾ˼ѩ۹Ǳߵ
۷Ӧѩ۹Ǳߵսѳ˶֣ƾ۶ŤתǱߵľˡ
ʱҲܰʮôսĻҲûκκô
ۺʮĻ̸̸ĶȻʮóģжǺ˵˵ûʲôҪĶ
ʥУۡ˵ʮڸϣʮÿһǵ۾йض޳Ѩ˵顣
ʮһǵ۾ʮڵһʵˣһȫǰ˱ѩ۹Ҫƿѩ۹õѩ۹ܡ
۵ΪֵʱźµӰͻȻͳʥС
֣ʱгװ
ڳȫһǵ۾Ĵڣûһߣڳһˣôûз֣
δ֣ǿռĲʱǾѾʶ˲ԾĵطȻȴ޷ֹĵ
ʵҪεĻЩ˸ܷûҪΣϣѾǾԵͳߣҪ֪Ľ綼Сˣֻȱٴ֮޷ȫհˣֻܸı䣬޷ʲô
ͻȻ֣˳ȫʮˡ
ô
ȷӦģȻߵˣУ׵ۺ׵ϵΪΪɻ
ʥϷΪɭϵĵطˣôͻȻʥڣ
ң۶ûκηӦĻᣬѾˣ
ڳˣʶûۣͬˡ
۾۷Ϊ
Ȼ
ڳȫüͷͻȻ֣൱⡣
ҳҪϳˣݻʥȻԼƶȡ
ˣޱ飬˵ڣҲɱˣԷ´һʥڵˣȫ뿪ʥ
˶˵ǵˣ˼޹ʵҪҪΪΪĻʥѾױݻˣκκۼ
һֱȻ󲨡
ôˣ
׵ۺ׵ۣ˶Щ⣬˵ǷӵзϳˣݻʥʵУѵͲ֮˶ʩչֶ
ˣľĽУƺǺ̫ƽѵǷʲôشʲɣ
׵ۺ׵ͻȻ뵽ʲôȻһۣ˶Էеɻ͵ǣȻǺԵ޹ʹңΨһĿԾǣ˵ģ
ҪϳˣݻʥԼƶȡ
ô˵ѵ˵Ľ磬С磬Ѿˣ
ۼͬʱ뵽ԣ
ϾۣھĽ֪࣬ҲܹƲʵ֮࣬£ڳڸϣԼʮЩһǵ۾ǿߣȫˡ
ǿЦϳˣݻʥΪ˭
һ˵ڸϣһ˵У˿
лú˵ôһ£
ڸ֮УиȽϽõģ̤һǵ۾εۣ׳˶Ӿ졢ʦ巣Լ̷⼸
졢巺̷ţǺһƸɵս۵ģ֮䣬ǱȽҪãۣһֱźĹϵѱ̫ԨӶİӰɱ֯ɱˡ
ˣҪһģϧ˲ᡣ
شһһԾڵ̫ϳϣӵһǵ۾磬ֱԾ𣬳ʩչƿֲĵ۵ͨ
ɫ׹⣬һ׹⽣ȻͷҪжⳡ־硣
Ȼ֪ܹ뵽Һһŵ۾۷Ϊûκԥֱӷ
˵Ĺʵ⧲ڳۡ۵˸û뵽ͻȻ𣬶ֹʱ󾪡
Сģ
мǵ˳У׵ۡ׵ۡۡ巡˺ȻС
ԶԷĹȴûκξ£̧޾սѪʥͼ˲
Ѫͼ
һȣһѪɫܴѪʥͼƮȻֱӳǰصһɫ׹⽣ǰ
Сӣ
Ծڵһǵ۾ͷ״һֵܹסһе۵ͨǿΪ˷ֹ⣬ѾֱʩչǿֶΣ
Լһɫ׹⽣ͷʮ㣬ܿ죬ʵݻġ
Ѫͼǰǵɫ׹⽣ֱӾͱֵɣһѪɫĶƣûбɫ׹⽣˺ֺ㽫ɫ׹⽣ȫ
ʲô
ͷ¶֮ɫ֪ãڷӦȴѾˡ
֮֡
һ̧֣ɱ֮ӳ֣֮кȻһ׹ֱۣѸײڶ֮ƣͷһץס
Ȼ飡
Ȼһǵ۾ڵֶȴҲȫֵסֱӱһ
֮ȻΪš
ȻǾ֮ĽƿأȻȴû֪һ㣬ҪϳˣݻʥʩչһЩֶΣס˲С
һǵ۾һɱ
Ǵгֵİ׹ֱۣȻͣУͷ֮󣬻ص͸һޱɭȻϢ
ʮģλҶ˵䡣
ɨһ۳ȫסˣȻ˵ʮǾ֣һǰѩ۹Ҫݻٱѩ۹ɱѩ۹֮ˡǲ֪ǽѩ۹ˣѾܾ޴ʧ޹˰ɣ
⻰һʮ֮˶ʱɫ䡣
˭жҪԣɹĻǽõѩ۹ʱڷչ˿ٵܣӶۺ
ʧܣ˾ԲʹˮĻᣬʮ˵ʱ൱鷳һ׮飡
ڣȴǣǽѩ۹жѾʧˣ˵һ޴Ĵ
һ־ô˵ĻЩ˻ţ˵Щȴɱһһǵ۾̫ϳ֮
һ⻰ĿŶȣֱӸߴ˾ųɣ


1053 ˷ϳ
ڳʮ֮ˣУޡ
˵ˣһʮѩ۹ȥˣʮǵ찡
ʮ飿
׵ɫ˳ʮ֮ˣֲ˷ŭ˵Ҫ˷ϳڿʮ˳׽˰
ڣ۵˻ǲЩʲô仯ֻ֪ӵɱκ˵ʵ
˭֪ǰǿʾһޣ̤˵۾۷壬ܹɱһǵ۾ǵ۾ҲǺˡ
׵ۺ׵ۣ˵ҪϳڿЦܿǾ֪Լˡ
ɵ۹Ԭ̫۹̫Ԩˮ½ڵˮϼڵžҵһǹˡ
˵ţ仰ÿɵ۹̫۹ڳһǵ۾ɫ׷ױ仯ܿǵͨ죬ȴҶ˵κλ
˵ģҲ˵ڵɱǵ۾ʵڳЩһǵ۾ôҲܶԸ˵ǹѩ۹Ϣ֪ڳڸϣԼ۱ˣ϶ʮд
ڶ֣Բʲôǵѡ
ǣЩ˾ǰ಻ס̫۹һһǵ۾ޣģú̫ԨеӦ̫Ԩˡ
˵ֱӻһ⣬Լٶȳɱ
һöʯڴУȻ߶öʯǿԪӿֳ
ʯ򣡡
һʯ˲ѹһΪǿѹ֮Ҫֱʯս֮£
ʲôʯȻ̫żƷսǴʲôżеõİɣϧԵҪ˵̫żս޾սΣ
һЦǰˣ̫ԨãȻˣǾͱˣȻǳˣԷǾ˳նݳˡ
󣬾Ԩ
һ̧֣ŵѷֱӴг֣ȻԼǰӣպýɱ̫۹Χ£С
ʯ̫żƷʯսϵϲֶΣѹ֮Ϊǿᣬһѷʱȴֱӱѷݻ٣öʯսױи룡
Ȼʣ°˵Ԩѷ죬ֱӽ걾Уһգ۵Ĺȫʴӳʧˣɢ
˭붯֣Ҳɱġ
һĨɱɨȫ
һۣʮ֮ȫһ仰Ҷ˵Ҷˡ
ȻʮˣһȥЩոڸϣȫһ˵κһ仰
УڸǷ׷׽ĿͶۣס档
ۣҲض˵ʲô˵ʵɣھĽѾ¥ɽϵƿ֮УվĽӡǣΪ֮
ڽԼ˵˳仰һʱóͷ
ڳ֮ˣȫ̤뵽۾εĴڣȻ֪¥ɽϵĴڣ˵Ľ羹Ȼ¥ɽϵƿأ˵磬ڳˣ
Ȼ¥ɽϵƿأȴ뵽ƿ֮Уʮ˵ʵڲһϢ˵һ˾Ϣ
˵
һʮĳϰֹţЩˬΪϾҪ˵Ļôܻ˳ȥ֣
ʮոһǵ۾˵ȫ˰
˴һۣȴû˵ʲôǼ˵ǰӽ󣬾ĽƯһ뿪磬ⱣĽ硣ھĽڣϣҪλ𣬵ȻҪϳģʥҲܴڡ
˷ϳԭܼ򵥣ϴκй¥ɽϵĶʱ򣬵ȻҪϳ
ڴݻʥҲԭģʥ֮Уͨ˺;Ĵģ˵ڸոնòãпûʲôһǰ˺;˵˵ҡ
رǣĽжȶκβȶء
˵ģô˵ȥҲδɣ˷ϳĻҪһʲôƶȣ
֮ףʥɴվ˳˫֮ʣǰһ˱ǶȻ⣺ңΪʲôҪݻʥʥ֮Уۻý磬кܶ鷨󣬶˵ǷǳҪֶΡ
棬Ҿܷĺˣ˼ƻʩƻ֮ǰ뽫ʥݻ٣ʥǰɷң
ʥЦʵ
ʥ˫һЦһǾͰ˵ȥɣݻʥ飬СŮҿġ
޷ҾͿˡ
˰˵
Ȼʥ۶ͬˣڳȻκ飬ħˬһЦ벻Сֵܻн֮ɾͣʵǿϲɺذһƬպͲ̵磬СֵⴳɵСЩ
ȻǾĽ֮ĻǶḲˡ
׵ҲЦ˵
˵ھĽ֮׼һ˵չֳ˾ǿ˼ʵǽܵǱȽϿġ
ʱ˿̣ʮˣԼ˵ڸǣȴһڵһ仰֪ô˵ˡ
Ȼ˾֮
ʲôԶ
磬൱С簡ô˵ǶǿĴڣֻҪھĽУĶ֣
ֲãԸһǵ۾һɱڵǵ۾ܹһɱİɡ
ЩȻûдﵽǵ۾ĲΣЩģϵʵԶǵ۾ģﵽؾˮ׼
ǿҪͳ磬Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ôΪΣ
ЦһЦܣܸλû飬ǱϳģʥҲضᱻҴݻ٣ң˷ϳ֮󣬶ڳĸλֻкôûл
ʲôӣֱ˵˵
׵̲ͣסʵ׵۱ǻԸ񣬸̲סϵò
ܼ򵥣һʥϿգҲʥԭַϣһݣǽ޹ʥء
ûֱӽݵ˵˳
֮ͻᴫ磬ڸڳˣҲûʲô˵ġ
˾ݺƽн֮ɨһ۳еʮޣ˵ʮֶԱѩ۹ֻ֣Ҫʮ֮ˣ̤ݵʱԶһ𣡱˵ԭʮޣͨ˵߲ƽн磬˵߲ݵͨƣôֻܹ̤ľݣԴơ
⻰һڳʮɫʱ֮ɫ
Ҳ˵ʮ츳Σվǻͬ츳ޣٶһ


1054 ݽ
˵֮۱´ʥ֮ȫ뿪ʥ
ĻҲֱӴݻʥʥ츳ȴض֮ɥˣҪ磬ǺҪһЩ˲ŵġ
˶뿪ʥ֪֮ԭʥУȻôޣٶһֱʥе鷨Ǳ޵ޣһҲòˣţۼˡ
ʮˣʥ֮гһʼǶ֪ʲô£ֻΪ۵ϸҪŴӱչص״̬ǿг
֮ȻǷǳϾеˣ˹ؼʱ˵ܹͻˣȴӲϣȻˬ
ܿ죬ӴԵУ˱֪Ĵڣ֪ѾΪ˾Ľľ֮Ҫϳˣݻʥһµʥءݣ
ھݵЧ˶Ϊ֮֮̾̾ȴҲЩɣݣд˵Чٱٶ
˷ϳݻʥϢһʥд˿ʥǣǧȫ̧ͷʥķһͨʥܹݻٲɣ
ˣӳڣͳεĻ£˸ǣ˾Ȼ˷ϳˣȫ˵
ϢһӦǣЦİɣ
ܿ죬ʵ͸ⲢǿЦΪʥ֮еʮˣȫϡ˳ʥ֮⡣
ʥֻܿʣһ˵ӰڣεӰֻ
ˣüΪصɫʥŵΪҪ飬Ҫݻһӵۣ
ʥ죬Ǹʥݻٲɣ
ҿܴݻʥҲһһϦ飬Ͼʥľӹ̹佨ǿȼߣǵ۾۷ǿߣһ˿һĺۼ
ҲãǾĽɣҵǺڴģۻý磬ǰҲûлȥڣ˵Ὠһƽн磬ۻý硣
Ҳڴƽн磬֪Լƽндٲ㣬ܴʮĻܵõݵʮ̤ʸٶһ򱶣
ˣڶƽн硢۷׷ףڻɵͬʱȴҲڴϣ˵ġ
ʵϣôΪΪۡ
ô˵ˣǲŻţԼ˵Ļʥݻ٣֮ǰЩ˿¶š
ʥŴʥ֮в޷ɳŹʱʥ֮УѾûκ˵Ĵڡ
ȻΧۣ˵Ҫܳʱܽʥƻ΢
ݻʥֻһ˲ѡ
̧ǧ֮ӳϣƺһ֮С
ܹ֮ӳͬؾǿߣһؾǿ߻Ҫǿ
Ϣɣ
һھϢ˳޾ľԼĽ֮ʥϺȻȥ
˵Ŀ£һг㽫ʥֱݻ٣ԭʥȻϳأ
䰵ǡ
̧֣Ѹ۳һöһö䰵ǳŵʥɹȥȻڿֱ֮ը
䰵ǣըѣ̺֮ıѳصʥֱը÷飡
ϵıƣ˵У˶Ŀ¶֮ɫڣû뵽ôķݻʥԭۻΪҪһһأȴû뵽ֶô
ǰ󲻳һʱ䣬ԭƵͨʥڱС̹Уֻڵػ֮һĺۼ
ʥಿ֣ȫıУ״ݻ٣һ˿һۼû
ô죿
ڳȫˣЩֻһСڣٻͷһͼԭͨʥѾʧʥ룬üΪտ
ۣƻ𾪣
Ҫ֪˽ȻǳԹȥʥۣû취ʥ˿ƻĺۼ
ڣȴɽʥݻ٣ɼڵȷǳɾ˾֮ھĽӵ޷Խ
𾪵ģֻˡ
ѩ۹
һȣһ֮ӳֵĿռʥϿۣȻγһ͵Ŀռͨ
˵ĿУһȴǿռͨг֣ȻǱѩ۹ӿռͨб͵ʥϿգ
ѩ۹ȣǱʥǻҪģ䴦ںܸߵƲ㵱Уʥ˵ҲûʲôõӰ졣
ѩ۹͵ʥǵϿգΪݵĵط
ѩ۹͹֮㿪ʼݣȻûд֮޷ƾմʲôȴƾ֮Ľڵʯ۳Ϊ
һʥӼ򵥵Ľۿɼٶȣб˳һһĽݣÿһݣߴɣܹһټݣֱƲ㣬ѾıԵϿյ֮ҲԶˡ
ÿһ֮ϣһ󱣻ŵĿռͨǿռܴͨ͵һΪԣڡ
һ߽ݣһ߹ݵĿռķ
һʱ֮󣬾ݣ׽˳
ݵÿһУһ󷨣ÿһ㣬󷨵Ч͸߳һ
ĵһ㣬пռ󣬿ͬʱʮŨٱڶ㣬İٱӦܹɵࡣ
㣬Ũٱɵٴμ٣ֱϷĵһٲ㣬Ũ򱶣ֻܹͬʱʮ
̫Ļ˵ȥֻƽֵÿϵĽ٣ٶӦĻ
ǽƽнˡ
˾ݣ׼أһƽн磬Ϊݵ׼ʸ񿼺˳ͬʱҲ޵似õӿٵ
ÿˣÿ¶һ̤ƽнĻᣬЩƽн磬ܹƽпռ䣬ʩչһ似ʩչΣ似ٶȡ
ƽн磬Ҳûл̫ʱ䡣
һʱ󣬾ݺһƽн磬ƾն
黹ҪѰһЩǾΪݺÿһƽнѡػѡΪˣŻ֮ǰĹʮһ
ϣҪػĵط̫ˣٵһǵ۾ʵܹƽнÿһľݡ


1055 
˵һǵ۾ǿߣһʮһǵ۾Կһƽн磬ֻƶȣߣѡʱƽн;н
һſ԰ʮƽн磬ʣµʮƽн磬۶ˣѡһЩ۾۷ǿߣƷֶģػֹ˵ҡ
˶üסһ˽һʱ֪ôػߵݾͲҪˣڣһس̶ȣȡͬĳͷʩ
һ취ȥʱʮ˿ɥ
ʮһǵ۾Կƽн磬ȴ˵һǵ۾ǿѹƣʲô˽飬˵Ļء
⣬ʮЩȨ߲㣬ȫ˼ӡǣ˼ӡǵˣ̤ݵʱ򣬽Զ½һΣٶȣζҪࡣ
Ҳûа취˭ǾȻҴѩ۹⣬һѾⲻˣȫΪ磬Ҫ֡
ԭ˳Աڷϳ֮󣬱ɽˡС
ӴϣͲˡʮЩڣֻʣһĹ֯
һеĻ󣬵ȻĴˣƽʱѰ飬й
ʵϣͳ߲δ仯ȻЩˣֻ¥ɽϣϣһƽн磬Լһٲݣ޵飬һӾͱø
ʱޣѾ֪Ϣƽн罨أеط㲻̫Զ
ƫԶĵطһ߷ʮ£ܹƽнĴˡ
һĸִΪĹۣ˳ƽнӿȥҪȡݵͨơ
ֻҪõݵͨƣǵٶȽٱԭȿٱǶôֲı仯
൱ڣÿ춼ڷôļҩǿ˵൱ÿ춼ڷϹżҩţضԼٶȷǡ
Ȼܿ죬˶֣̫ڵ͹ƽнѶȡ
̤ƽн֮ǰ˶ãȻ趨ôܹһٲƽн磬ô̤ʮɣ
ʵ֤ƽӹսʶеߣƽнĵһ㶼޷ͨΪƽнĵһУֵĶ֣ͷ봳ͬıޡ
ͷͬıޣͨôܶԿˣ
ãƽнǻþۻýһͷɱĻ˵ʹ࣬ôһ˱ͷ޻ɱʶ˳֮¡
벻һ㶼û취ͨƽнѶҲ̫˰ɣ
ʵҲԤϵˣⲻ̭ޱߵķӣ츳ˣȻܵõԴ
⻹ֻǸտʼˣÿ¶һδƽнĻᣬƽнУǵ似Ȼ٣Ѱһ򱶡
ȷˣһƽнУȻڵһͱɱˣջ࣬似һ㾳磬¸ٴƽнĻ϶Ҫɵöࡣ
أţֻϧǲ֪Ľǵʱ䣬ֻһʱ䣬Ҳʮ¡
ˣ඼ֻʮδƽнĻᣬ˼ʱѾˡ
Ȼھ͹罫Ϣ
ڽ˾ݺƽн֮һжۺͱѩ۹ȥԼֱǰƽнУ׼ս
ڲŵ۾۷ĲΣһֱ֮ǷǳϤˡ
뾭սܹϤȻһһö޾ĵҩԪ徵Գ̵һǵ۾ľ硣
һʱ䣬ھĽ֮ʲôĻұһֱһһʱ֮ڣƾöԪ徵п̤ؾġ
š
ļƻܼ򵥣һ֪֪ǺӷʲôڣȻҴôĶ֪
һ֮޷̤ؾҲýˣתƵԼУУȻûôǣ֮Լ̤ؾ֮ǻָ
ʱٺú̽Ǻӷ棬׼ˣսܹﵽǵ۾ĲΡ
ƻҲܼ򵥣ҪƽнУϿվɱ似һ似һ߳ϿʥȪϡ
ϿʥȪһ޾սѪʥͼͬȫ޸֮һƷԲǼ򵥵Ĵڡ
ȻܶöϿʥȪսܷӳ֮һ˵Ϊ޾սϿʥȪܹ޾ġ
ܷӳĻ̫ǱҲǿȥܹϿʥȪϵĲΣԺˡ
һ棬ҲóϤѪʥͼսѪʥͼǾսڵϢѪʥͼ໥ϵٶȣӦҪȶϿʥȪһЩ

º
Ӿݵĵһٲг˿ʱһöԪ徵򱶵ͻƵһǵ۾ĲΡ
Уĵһ֣̤֮ͨΪ˵۵ͨʩչɭȻϢŨʴӵ˼£
⣬ǿֶ֮һˡ
⣬ʱ䣬ƽнսʵսҲõͶڲֶεʩչӵӦֻ֣ϧѪʥͼϿʥȪûܹϳɹ
ڼ䣬Ҳ˾ĽڲдһЩ⡣
һǱ鲼ʮǧյ죬ݴһӡ˾֮Ҳ𽥸ܵЩյһɢķӡ
ڶǻеޣ塢塢塢ȵȣЩȫȥ
ΪЩ壬ͻȻԼ޷Ӫȡϵ֪б䣬ȫܴϢˡ
ȷЩ޼ҵĻ⽫ȫԼ磬ΪʵԼϡ
ȻûҶǾʱȥˡ
̤һǵ۾Σ֣ˣЩǱǣǼõֶ󡭡
ʱҪ֡
ʱһ޷Ԥϵ鷢ˣǾǣеУʶС飬ͻȻ˾档
ƬǺӷ֮УͻȻ˺ЩΪİӰƺѾ˾ĽĴڣڳڵĵطɹ
ˣ
ͷһ֪Լȥˣ޵飬ֻԺ˵


1056 
ʱ䣬յСѵ˲䣬ʹӾһгȻ߶֮Լͳ˾Ľ硣
һ̣磬ƬǺӷ浱УǿžУĽǱӡ룬صڡ
˾Ǹ򣬺ܹʮ߸ϢȽ֣ޣ
СϢȻصУס
İӰ֮ϾƿأǿϢ̽ģڱʩչֶΣȻ̽⵽˾ھԶһȺϢ޵Ĵڣ߿ٷɹ
ǺȻܵ߾ĽϢϾһС磬ƬǺӷļžվ̫Щ
ɫһܿüͷչ˿
Ϊ̽һȺܹʮ߸ޣͷǵ۾֮⣬ʣʮȫǶǵ۾һǵ۾ĲΡ
ھĽսʱȫؾǴ׼ǿڣʶΪǿߣҪԼǿ࣬Լ⣬սֻ
ڿУ۾εĴҲ٣Ҫ̤ףϾŲܹġ
ʮ߸ڶΣÿһ񶼱ȽۣƺС
ţȻ״飬ȴˣΪƾԷʵԿԿ
˵ֻһǵ۾ֻܶԸһǵ۾ҪӵоĽģ
ĽУʥͬǵ۾Ĵڣ˾ݺƽнİ׵ۡħۡ׵ۺƵۣҲȫǵ۾Ĳˡ
۶ǵ۾ˮ׼˶ԷһʮˣȻҪµġ
ԣ΢ʰһ飬뿪˲⴦
ԶԶȥʮޣСϢͻȻʧȻǾЩֵģɲأξͳˡ
ȻǸ壡
ʮУΪ׵ǵ۾ӣʱǰһЩӣʮޣͬЩ衣
λкιɣ
ڣûԳڵĴǴӶԷ֪һЩϢرǹǺӷϢ
ûʲô
ȻһЦλѣôոǸое㴴֮ϢһƬŵǺӹżУǼΪѵõģû뵽㡣
ŶǺӹż
Щ죬⵹ǼװĲ֪ǺӹżΪȻ˱֣ҲöԷһЩġ
ѵ֪𣿡
ӶʱЦһЦһƬطǽǺӹżһƬԶս棬ȫޣ޴֮ȫһƬţ֪ôģ
ôģ
ɨ˶Էһۣûлشֱӷһ䡣
ߣ磬Ǻαˣʱ䲻࣬ץ·ǡ
ʱԵŮӣЩͷӣ˵
Σô˵λڴˣΪΣգλԸĻǿӴһ̣һ·ϣҶиӦ
ӶŮЦŰ֣Ȼ̧ͷ԰磬λԽΣѣҪҪһͬ·
⻰ԵЩˡ
ȻỳɶԷԼͼı죬ϾԼЯžĽ磬Ӧˡ
Ҳ¶Էʵһ룬˵ͷҲãҽɽʵҲ֪ΪʲôһҺһֱһСõӡǣ뿪С磬
С硣
Էʮ壬ɫʱЩ仯
˿ͬʱ裬ԷҪֵĻڿ϶ͻᶯˣϾֻһǵ۾ϵʵԷԶ
һˡ
İޣĶŵЦһЦɽѣãӭ磡벻ŵǺӹżУȻҲС磬ҵš
ˣλһߵû⣬ֻںǺ棬ΪʲôǺӹż
Цʵ
ԷҲԷҪǷҲ̷ʼȷԼܹռƵλ˳㻹ܴ̽˽һƬǺӹżΡ
Ǳ߱˵ɣɽѣߡ
֣Щޣһȥˡ
עһ£ʮУǺһģڰ壬ʮǺŮһģνĽ塣
֪ΪΣϣǾ쵽һЩϤζЩ֣壬ѵʲôط
һʱ֮䵹벻ˣ⵹Ҳ£ű㿪ʼǺӹż
ܣ֪һƬʲôط
ԭǺӹżԶʱڵһսԭһС塱࣬ԺɱвԱֽ
ӵеǺͱ干ͬռݣһֱڣ壬ж壬ϵǲ
ҲΪʲô˼ʱû̫Եʡ
ĵ̣ǺУԴḻԣһˣչ
ҲмǺӣս̫ңԵһƬţݲ֮
ڵǺӹżһƬǺӣһ˵ͷʲôûУһЩд汦Ҳǧ䣬ͱȫȡˡ
塢ֽ壬ѾȥޱȾԶʱ䣬Ǵʱʼˣѳ˼᲻ɴݵˡ
룬ô˵岢棬塢ֽ֮󣬲Żֵ
Ͻ壬ʱ䣬ǱȾ۵仹ҪһЩھǶãɾûܹ֪ˡ
ڵƬǺӹż彮򽻽紦лûʲôڣ廥ҲƬǺӹżߣǻߴ
⵹ЩˣȻʲôûУεޣΪʲôҪ뵽
Ҫ䣬ǷҵһЩԼõԴ˵Բߣ˵ҲԵһЩöġɽģǰ彮Ļ߾ûˡ
Դ˽˵
ȴǿһ˿̫ȻĸоЦһЦվ̫ˣ˵Ҳ˵òȻ
Է϶ǹԱģʲôģҲܲţֻҪ˽һȻȡǰ彮򣬻ȥҵǺӣ¼
ڣŲٵƣ˵ʵսܹǵ۾ĲΣܹʩչ۵ͨ
۵ͨİ¡ȵȣʩչжδԹ


1057 
һȺޣ壬ʮ壬ƬǺӹż֮дС
ܿ죬Ͱй۲ʮжƺЩżС
Сܹ⣬ϾǺӹż˵ţ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣգǶЩļͺˡ
ٶһΣʱȸһɡ
ˣԷСûʲôȤضǼһʱԷһҲûʲô
ãŵ˺ζ
ͻȻ䣬һɫ΢䣬ڶ˵
һȺ죬Զʱüͷ΢壺ж٣ĸ
棬һǵ۾
ͻȻɫ䣺ˣٶ̫ˣ
׼ս
ɫһ̧ͷȻӰռͷϷƬյУ
ɽѣһǺֲ㣬
֮ǰһۣдſ֮ɫ
۾ɨһͷӰǵ۾εޣΪʲô˰ɣ
Ȼ磬εˣڱ׷ɱš£ҲѲ˸ϵˡ
Щơ
æҲˣΪӰϣܵޱǿҵɱ⣬һɱ⣬ʿ
ȻԷ֪˭ֻ֪һ˱ɱ⡣
ȻվϿһǵ۾ĲΣʵСԷý϶¡
ܶԸһ
˵ͷ֮󣬶˵
һ
ԣʱһ㶣׼ֵĶҲͣЩȻ

Ц
Ǻǵ۾ĲΣѿģ
ΪģɽѣҺζܶԸһʣЭǵˣǣס㹻ˡ
ģҼȻ˵ܶԸһȻԼЦ
۾˵
ڵȷǿʵȴоûбô򵥣ڳֵпֻ׷ɱеһС֡
ʱҪϵ̫ãȵԷȫˣܿɾͲˡ
ԣ뷨Ǿ콫Ȼ˴
磬Ȼ˵ܶԸǾԸһɣǵѹҲСһЩ
ɫȹŮοһ˵䵭γ˼ΪĶԱȡ
ǡãʱȲ˵ˣɽѣסǣǻᾡ֧Ԯģ
籾˵ЩʲôѾǸûʱ˵ˣֻܵͷͬˡ
Ȼˣֱ߷ȥҵһ֣ʼʩչֶ
ͬʱͽˣܹʮޣһǵ۾һһǵ۾סӰ
ʣһǵ۾εĺӰ©֮㣬볯ɱȥΧģȴʱ֡

ֱ̧ƷֶγһгǺӰ£ֱӽԭأ
Ȼ˫ԶѾǺӰģһΪεޣȫźɫۼףһּµѹ
ɫۼ׸ȫӦǺıƣսͷ­ɫۼ׸ǣֻ¶һ˫ͬһ۾˸ܵһգ
֣ϾֻƷδԶԷκ˺ֻ΢һ¶Էעˡ
塭
УɭȻۣ̺ЩмҲһЩ죬Ͼط壬һֵ顣
ֺǺһһֺɫĺȻֱӽľиɢȻ˲ǰ
ٶȺÿ죡
ûϵԷ˲䱬˿ֲٶȣǲ˲ƣֱӷɶݶǴﵽܹܵļޣ
ԷʩչռôܹǰԤжԷֵĵطӶӦԷӦڣԷֱӳɱױȵٶȣǰԤλã
Ͼ£ԷҪıж׾١
֮£ֻܹʩչֶΡ

ʩչʮذ壬Χ׽У
Ƕ䰵似ֶΣһ似֣ͬҲܹԼԼ֮໥
ǵ۾εĺԼʽ׾ͻᱻƵ
һƷ죡
ڱҽ֮󣬱㿪ʼ׼һ֮ʼ֮ӡ
ֻڽһ֮һɫˢʮذ峹׻飡
Ҳʱ׼İȻ˵ͬɫĹֱӽ˽ͷѹס
˵ŰԵܹʩչһԵȫϣⶼǼΪѵõġ
ԣѹסʱɫ΢䣬Ȼֶζһ
һǵ۾塭
ɭȻһ̣ϱһ͵ĺɫͬһһ㣬ΧϮİ˵˲ݻ٣
ǵ۵ͨεֶΣ
һӸܵԷ磬۵ͨ൱ǿƾһƷ죬ȷԽ赲
ȴѾȡ㹻ʱ䡣
Ȼֻһ˲ȴѾ㹻ˣ
֣
һھֳ֣䵶Ǻԣȱĵն¡
ĵն
ĵ˲նþصľУ
ʵ
ʵն£֮˲ն˺ļϣ
󡭡Ͽվɱ
˫֮ǳɫˮǳɫУһ˲գֱնǺڣ
ֻϧں幹죬ǷǳϤ
ʱ˿̣Ͽվɱֱն˺ڣȴֻ˵Ƥ⣬δ˺ûܹһٻɱͷԣ
ɽѣСģ
Զ磬Լǵ۾սͬʱȻڹ۲ʱֱӳѣг˽֮⡣
ԣʱһݣ֪Ҫʩչǿֶˡ
һ̣ǺӰΣ˲󣬾Ȼ仯˱壬һͷ۵ľ޴棬࣬ͼ޴󣬺ɫƣԵɭȻֿɲ
˵ˣ࣡
УĮɱ⣬һ̱죬һں˲ӳƬռסͬһԼ˹ѺС
;ŶԷʱȴ˿Ϊʩչ֮ͨĻȻܹƳԷĿռģȻˣȫͲҪˡ
ΨһҪǵģԷŶԷ⽫Էһնɱ


1058 նɱ
ס˿ռ֮װЩʧӣƺЩŲ·ֱӳһԵĺһھϢ
Ϣƺƴ̺żΪֲȻǺɵĿռ֮ϣȻȫ޷ƣ
ôܣ
װЩʧӡ
ǺһԼٶȿһЦУһȻĺס
ף

ԥʩչзֶΣƾҪֵƬ̡
ˣ࣡
Ǿ޴ϣɫ˫дŲ̺Ѫ֮ɫ쳯һںġ
ȫ൱ڵ۵ͨĿֲǺ似ͨ
ʱ򣬺ȫ˼˼նɱϣֶһǵ۾εޣܿˣ˷ضܹնɱ
ȻȴôҲ벻⾹µӡ
˵ģŶԡ
ԶԷҹȴ治ɫ˿ԼֵסȻ΢̣
ҲʱһֲУ˺ڵĵطһڶдһûһƻǿС
ᣡ
̵øˣס˺ȫ񣬵Էȫû뵽Ȼһսϵ˫ĲΡ
ҪĲٿأת˲ǿֶᣬںڴһУֲʼ˺ȻúǿЩֵס
һᣬû˿ףûܶȫ˽ȥ˲ܵ˲Ĵˡ
⻹ΪǿᣬΪһޣ䱾ǿȻ൱µģһжûܽ䳹׽ɱ
ԷѾסˣĻ
֣֮
һȣһͰ׹ֱۣһг֣һץ˺޾ľӰ׹ֱӿ˺ڣڽʴ
֮ǰöϿվɱֻ˵˺Ƥ⣬δնҪϡ
ڣʴȫȴ˲ӵ;֮УǺѾȫ˼ֵ޷赲ĵӣ
ȻΪǵ۾Ҫǿ밵Ӱϵ˵ʮһһ㣬ֲԷϵĲˡ
֮գͷ뵽ޱȵʹ֮УȫѸʴ
ȻǿɱЩѣزɱԷҲֻʱˡ
ɽѣСܣ
Զ紫ƺȻһǵ۾ʵǵ۾εĺѹסԷǳ𾪡
ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪϶ҪܣԳһ¡
ȻöԷлܡ
ɫռѸԼ׼ˣʱһӾȻг֣תײ˺ޱȵ
ƣ
ʹ˲ײ˺ϣֲһӽȫʴǿȼĺײ˸ϡã
һǵ۾εĺ£ʵԷһʼͶɱ⣬ܵ˵Ļῼһ£Ƿ뵽ⳡɱ¾ء
ȻԷҪɱȻ
ҿֻǵ۾ǵ۾ҪԸûôˡ
ȻնɱһͷĻޱȾ裬Ϊʮǵ۾εĺǺУΪСĴˡ
ЩЩȻ·
뵽ȻɨΧһִۣʱ˿̣Ȼ˶ڹעߵķ򣬰εڣûȻܹԽһͷɵ
Сӣһǵ۾Ĳΰ
ôܽǵ۾ĺôɵˣҪ֪ͬΪǵ۾ΣȻܹѹסҪ䳹նɱȴҲûôףϾʵ̫ǿӲˡ
ʣͷۿʩչǿʵԼһͬ鳹׺ɱϡã˲д⡣
Ҫ˵ճֵˣЩֻǿǣסġ
СնɱһͷټսŵĻսֿɾͱһ浹ˣ
ܣ
쵽ʣͷҪܵͼһʱ߶һӱʩչ˳ΧԶɢȥ
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һ㣬ʱ򣬶ʣͷ˵ѾˣΪ߿ɲֻһˣ
״ˬʵĴЦ˲仮˰ı壬һֻӵѩëľ˫չʮɣһӽɵĺѹȥ
绯ѩ׾˫趯ʥĹȻͷҪߵĺϡ
ʥĹľ֮Ǻ汾嶼׹ᴩ̶ֳȵĴݻǽֶνϣɼֲ
ҽᡢ֮֡ƣڽײ÷顣ڣһʥĹͽı嶴ǵ۾εǿߡ
ҲһĻ𺳵ˣľϢǿֶΣֽ׶Ҳﲻ
磬һʼûʩչһУΪһ󣬵УױԷ
Ͼٶȼ죬϶ԷٶȣҪ˵ˡ
ڣֻҪܣץסᣬֱһ£㱻׹ᴩ飬ɥ
һߣԽΣһ̻һֻս㣬ɫ貵ԵøעĿһɫսбγһ֧֧ɫͬ裬Ҫܵĺ
ǺӦҪƾٶȶɫʵ̫ˣǰȥ·ֱϵסȫ·ӣ
ľôٶȼ죬ȫӵԶ
ڣȴסƬɫİӣǧٿףòˡ
һʣͷֱŲͬӴܣѾ˾ıԵֱž򷢶ҹ
ܵľ޴ԷĹңٶȥ¼ֲһʱ䡣
ǰ£Ҫһʱɱͷֱ׾ٵ顣
ΣһΧһͷɫʥĹٴγ֣һʱ㽫ͷɱ
һͷڣҲûţͽǣ£ֱᡢֺ֮ƵУһͷ׺ɱ


1059 
ˣ壬ͷȫնɱƬŵǺӹżС
׻ʬ֮¾ۼһȻٶȳһֳ
һߣһ߶޿ڲɽ벻ʵȻǿһǵ۾նɱǵ۾εĺ
ԭЩĽŮΣʱҲ޻˵̬Ȳ̫á
ǿˣΣְĽڣ缫ΪݣиоЩơ
岻֮ͬ䣬ѵҲͨ鲻ɣ磬ǰɫǽɫս㣬ͬ尡ϲ磬ƺǹŹ֡
ţȻҡҡͷûж롣
ֻͣЦЦҲͷ̫û뵽˫սռȻҪȻĻʤء
ˣǻǺġ
ŵЦҪ֪ս˫ѶȿǼ󣬾ңûκһսϵ˫ĲΣɽǰѶսϹżƷս
ֵǺһۿˡ
ǰһԶԶһۿеƷԲǼ򵥵˵⣬սʱ˫ľǸúԶġ
սƷһǳ׼ȷʶҪȻ˿϶еƷ
ˣڰУͦģⳤҲѽӴ㹻ս׼ȷĸ֪
Ǻǣǣ
絹ҲûƺΪնɱһͷԶø˵Ҳ˳ˡ
ɽѣ˵ʵɣɲҪʵҺβǺӹżԱģǱ֮ˣȽġ
ţһ˵һ顣
ţҲûзжԷһʼϾʱ˫ǵһμЩ顣
ң飬Ͳ²⵽ˣ粻˵Ҳ˸˾Ųʮ
ԭݣǰеһӣ游ǰеһףݼ
ǽΣݾûôˣڽУλһͣҲǽеһؾǿߡ
ΣСʶζ磬һֱǼΪĽ˷һ棬ǡñץסᣬһ·׷ɱϵǺӹż
ͬʱͽˣȻҲѾõϢǺӹżǺӹżû˿֪ɢԼˣҲ޷׼ȷ֪ελá
ڣǺͰ塢֮ڱƴ˭ܹһҵεˡ
Ǻҹαض֮أͽȸϹ˱ܻȡ
ϧǣǺӹżطʵ̫ţȻĻͶʱӡǣصȥˡ
ʲôʱӡǣ绹һ飬ԶߵһֹߣûʱӡǵĻҪᴩǺӣҪѵʱʵ̫ˡ
ǺӹżУȴʱӡǵϢ޷ܵطƫƧ
ʱֻŽˮһʱҲܹһ
ȴû뵽ʵȫ
ɽֵܣʵǲ˼ˡ
Դ˺Ρ
ûϵʵҶ
ȴǰ˰֣ʾԷ⣺ʵûɱĻ㻹̹װɣڣ̹ˣҲֻмһ;ˣȻˣҶһ˱ɡ
ȷˡ
ޱȵΡ
İɣ֣Ҳġ
ЦʵҲߣºȺҵңһûںһ𣬰ȫԻ˲ء
⻰ǴʵδԼʵ뷨
ոպһɱ⣬ɼ֮ˣɱȽأȻ֪Ϊλ׷ɱΣǺˣ϶Ͼöˡ
Ǹ뿪Ļ֮ǰǵطºܿͻкʱɾͳ˺ϵ⣬׸ˡ
ɽ̫ˡ
ô˵ʱһȻЦܹɹգɽһҪǰ壬ҶҪлɽ֣ڣʵ;УûʲôõóֵĶ
ؿ߰ɣǺԼ֮ˣѵûʲôͨѶİ취
תƻһ䡣
ѰطȻеģǺӹżûֶܶζ޷ãȻҲ޷ͨѶˣȥֻܿˡ
̾˿
Ҳ˵ոɱͷҲѲˡ
뵽Ȼڸոǵط϶ʹź벻ԶˣڣҲܹȷû֪ͨˡ
еֻ֪ǺбȽսλγ׷ɱεĺ壬пؾĴڣڱԷ׷ϣֻ·һˡ
֮еˣҲûȤȥ˽⣬ڱȽصϣϾֻе˾ϣܹõһ԰ȵĻ
Ҫһģڿڵ˰ȫĵط֮ǰûʲôˡ
˵һʵʱһԵĽŮΣԵöܲˬӣƺŮһĵӡ
ԴˣҲû⣬ڣҲܶʲô
ѸǺӹżдǰУһռս޾սǺӹżдٶȷɿ졣
Ǽռ󣬴ܹʮˣ˲룬޾ս˲ʮ붼пܵġ
ÿһطͣƬ̣һΧĻʮ㣬˿ټǵȻ̾ߣڴĵȻаͽǿߵټֻҪǻϣȫˡ
ֻϧ˲ʮ֮󣬶ûһ˿һԼ˵ϢһطܵкովϢѸٳ룬˲ơ
ܿ죬һưܵĹŴżưܵĹŴżΧǳлٸ棡
ƬŴżֱӽ֮УԵޱ׳ۣڲ֪ǰͱƻˣبžԶʷϢ
ŴżУƺ죬θӣǾͽжһ㣿
ʵ
һμ״ǲˬǰģȴѯһˡ
Ҳãǲ֪ͷ᲻ʲôΣմڡ
ü
ΣգҲ϶ȲϺΣգ߰ɣǽȥһС¡
˾̤ǰŴżС


1060 
ûʲôѡҲǰƬŴżУδ۸ӣ׷ǼõģȽĻ;±ǣǰ塢ܹҵǡ
ҪǺǾͿԷֵ֧Լҹ
Ŀ֮£ޣһ̤ƬޱߵĹŴżУޱŵϢЩ𺳡
ŴżԭǼΪ׳۵ģ佨Ϊ죬ͬһͷһ㣬γɵһý͸һɭȻаϢ
ƬǺӹżԭڹĵ̣аɱ壬ͱּˣŴżУӦòʲôɡ
ν뵽ƬŴżУЩ㷲ӡ
ҪǹڻڵĻͱܷˣôҸȼĻ᣿
Цҡҡͷ
ͽޣҲЦ׷ױʾط϶ܻʲôֵĶ
岻ƬǺӹżĽ磬ҲˣҪǿƬŴżŵӣѾӲ֪ôԶˣûܴʲô
ʼձž裬̤ƬŴż֮ܵĳѹֵϢܲ
ƺֶΣյǰ֪ȺľˣӰ֮۴ͷչֳȻϵصľƿط֪ΧеһС
ĸ֪Χڣһ˿޷ĸ֪֮ǰһƬŴżУûκڻŵĶ
ڹŴżУܶľֻһȺʮ˸ˡ
Ҷ˰ɡ
üͷ΢壬뵽
ǰͷ;ֻаҵõıϢξ͸ԣҲֻڽܹܵϢ
ϢǣϵֶΣûа취ߵ츳
ÿϢֻܹͬͬܵΪֶΣǲŻѡƬ۸ӵĹŴżС
˲룬ƬŴżиӺΰһ棬ǰ
ߵֹͷһɵĽȻǲƽȴǼΪ޴еһڲնƣγһޱȸӵĵΣеĻǧ궼κ˷֡
Ծƿصط̽ܣǿԸܵΧһУӵζ˵ûж谭
ȻûκζĴڣڿԳ׷˰ɡ
Ѿ뵽˹ŴżкԶľ֮Ц˵
Ȼδ£ͻȻֻ粻Զһ߹һĽϣͻȻ˸˺üɭȻӰǱӰУ緢ͻȻϮ
Сģ
ɫһ䣬һֱھܵģʱҲ⣬췴Ӧ
ոܵǼɭȻӰ֣ͶˣԷĹϵʱķպҲˡ
Ѫͼ
һ֣ų޾սѪʥͼһѪɫƺǰ
ͻȻֵɭȻӰΪ죬乥Ϣж͸ϢȴɱѪͼֵ
ˡ
ǰһоһζѪʥͼ޾սڱһ£ȻֻȴҲǰδġ
ѪͼҲֻܿסԷǼɭȻӰĹƣȻ㱻ŵĹϢ׺ơ
ǿ
ɫһоǼɭȻӰȻϢֻжǡǵ۾ĲΣ䱬ȴ֮ǰĺҪǿࡣ
ҪǣڶԷж֮ǰȫûзֶԷټɼٵˮ׼ǳ£ƿص̽ⶼܹ
˵ƬŴżожɭȻӰĴڣ
ֻ᲻ؾĿֲ
Ӧ죬һֱӵֵסԷĹ磬ʱ統ȻҲӦ˹˲仯ɫ˸֮䣬ԭһɫʥУȻˣص͵С
лˣɽֵܣ
£ոյĳֳ˸мҪֵ֣ܳһҲˣֱӱԷɱ
лĻº˵ȽǼһɣӦööЩ֪Ǽһʲô
ҡҡͷɫصǰ
ǼͻȻֵɭȻӰһʱ䱻ʥסܿ˳̬Ӱչǰ
Ǽȫɹɵ飬û֣ûнţûԴȽĳĹǼܣ͸ſݼɭȻϢ˸ܵǿѪɱ⡣
̬ĴڣǴδģҲЩ²⣬ǴѾ˺ܾõĹ塣
ӣǹɣʷм벻ôˣ徹Ȼڡ
绹û˵һޣʱЩΡΡĳ˵
ǹ壡
˶ʱ󾪣ûκԥ̶ʵʷϣЩʲôϣ֪ȫ˵죡
طֹ壬˵ƬŴżУ˵Źټ뵽ŴżѾڼΪΣյľأ
û֪Ȼڣ϶Ǵδ壬϶ΪˣѾȫɱˣ
ԣ統ȻҪ֪һйعϣƽҲûпо壬ϾѾ˺ܾõ壬ڣէȻ壬֪࣡
һ߽һסǡ
Ҳǳ˵ִ֪ڣ̫죬֪ԵĻս׷⡣
Ѫͼ
оâ˸ѪʥͼӳʩչѪͼ
˽£ѪʥͼЩϵӰˣʱ˿̣ʽѪʥͼϣ
˵ֻϵĹĲΣȴѾѪʥͼ౶ĸʴӣ
һΣѪͼ㱬˲佫ǼɭȻӰѪͼУʱ޷
룬롭ˣʷ˵ҪΪȺһͨսȺΪǶߡȫһЩͨսһǹ壬ȫİʮͬȾ£սȷǶǿü
޺ܿ˵ʱԼʷصģϾ磬Ƿǳõġ
һΪֲĹ壬ȫǧٸܹɺǿķսȹҪǿü
ڽЩʱ˾ʶĿʼŶԷĹ
ܿ죬ɫˡ


1061 гʥ
ǿһ£ǳֵɭȻӰȲӵһķǶߣҲӵİʮĹ壬ȻҲǸǿĹ塣
壬ÿһϵĹͬһ⣬ȫһĴﵽһٶʮ
ֱδţʷжûм
鷳ˣЩ̫
ɫ
ǹ̫ʱ䣬Щ嶼˱仯ѾּʱĹˡ
˵ôӰɣǵĵ̣ȥ϶ǲ
Ҳ뷨
˵ͷ˵
ڲԷжţͶԷս϶ǲǵõİ취˵
ǰͷ壬Ǽһ𶼺ѶԸˣΪԷͷǵ۾ͷǵ۾ۺʵ֮ǰͷҪǿöࡣ
תҪʱͷ壬ȴֽѪͼƵˣ
ţߵĻᣬͷ壬ֱӲͬٳɱֱӰΧ
߲ˣ
Щʧĺ
ڹŴżУǵȻ֮ǰĿռģϾռ߶ҲҪʱ䣬ڹŴżУǰգ˭Ҳֵ֪ĵط᲻ʲôΣա
Կܴڵδ֪ΣգȽЩɵ
߲Ǿսɣ
Ҳ룬ɱ˸ǸıͷΪϵһͬеڣûдӶԷİΧжзӦء
ڶԷͷɢΧˣܵĻ壬ضֻ·һ
ҪսĻǸһܺõĻᡣ
ΪԷͷ壬ʱȫɢ˿
ģһͷǵ۾εĹ壬ͽһﵱĿ꣬ȫһһʮ˸ͬһ״͸ɭȻɱڴɱ˹
ڸոһס˶Էͷ壬Ϊ˶ԷҪɱĿ꣬ҶԷǳţֻһͷǵ۾ɱ
ԷռȻ֣ת˲
ǹϵһһʮ˸ʱȻı״˲乹һ൱ɭȻķ
ȻɭȻУһǿİӰɹд͸
壬Ȼγɷأ
ţȫҴ⣬Ϊδսʽ塢õȵȶͬ
䰵ǣ
ƿأѸ̽⵽˶Էһеı֮Ȼ̧۳䰵ǣǵȻȥ
䣡䣡䣡
֮УұըϲԶ䰵似ɹֵס˶ԷһӰԵĹ
һ̣͸ܵԷǹȫٴα״һְӰԵľӰ쵽ֻ˯ĸо
ڣ˵ط֮壬ط˲伤ְӰԵľ˲٣
֣֮
ŶԷƺЩȣһʱʩչǿĿֶΣ۵֣֮ͨһ׹ֱ۴չֱӽǹһץס
ʴ
ĵǹȫ֮ʴ˽ȥȻȴоĶʴӰ΢
ƺڰӰĵֿľ֣֮Զ̫Ӱ졣
˿˿
ǹ˲䷢һ˿ȫ˲£Ȼγһǿķ󣬽ľֵֶ֮ס
Ͽվɱ
һ˫֮ǳɫĶϿʥȪ˲У˲˹ǻһĹ룡
ǿĶϿиǹ˲жϣǹܵһЩˣȴ޴󰭡
Ȼӵǿȣ
һһʱջ˶ϿʥȪ»Լ˫֮ϣǶϿʥȪĵطӰȥ٣˲ܹ֣乥ʱȴԵЩˡ
ȻϿʥȪ޾սռϣҲֻﵽˮƽʩչϿվɱʵϲǺǿ
ǰܹɱֻ֣Ϊϣߴ಻עϿվɱܹԷڣԲЧ
ʱڣ޷ɵһ
ž֮ƿסԷ˲䣬۲һΧӵ˸ķ֡
Ǿǣ޺һѶԸ壬ľͲһˣر磬ȫʥۣųʥʣȻһͷǵ۾εĹ峹ѹס
ӣԸҪɺܶࡣ
ģԹЧ
һʱ俴ˣʱڷԼΪʲôϢЩϤˣΪõϵһˡʥۣ
ʥһֱǺ˵ټˣǺٳ֣ʱڣʥھݺƽнܹ
ͺյļƣ
ңҲ֪ʥ۵ı壬һޣڸĵǲ֪ˣʥ۵Ϣ
ܲʱԮˡ
ţʱ߶ӡǣþĽڵռרѡʥһˣȻ˳
ˢ
ʥɫȹȻӰʱԣͬһǵ۾εǿߣէȻٻЩȡ
ʥǰȽϸӣ֮ܶȽϿЩ壬ͷǵ۾Ĺ壬ȽˣһҪСģҾ콫ɵ
ʥۼ̵ķԸ
ʥһдˣʱ˿̵ҲЩϾǵһ磬ɨһ۳УҲŷ˵ң˵ͷ
ã
ʥûԥֱӳԾ֮סͷǵ۾εĹɱ˹ȥȫʥţۣ
ʱ˿̣ǹպýľֳ֮ƣȫһչһ̬ķ
ȴȻ֣ԼĿ꾹Ȼˣһ˹ĵļһ
ǹЩ𾪣Ϊˣʥ۾ƾճģǱ˲Уڽгġ
Уûʹ֮޷һ˵˽˲С
öЩʥ۱뼫СģΪĶǳƣʥͬǵ۾ʵͲѷɫ
ʵϣͷ壬ҲЩȡ
˵û뵽һ̧־ͷųһ˹ĵǿֱܹסİӰģ
رǣȰ˷֣гŮӣϢȻǰ弫ƣ


1062 Ůʼ
ʥ۳֮ԼҲڳ
Ȼ˵ʥϹȻЩƵϢǲ֪ʥ۾ʲôݣôг󡭡
ûж룬Ϊھʵ̫ˡ
磬סͷ壬ȥʥϣһȽɱ
ɵԣԭѹŵͷ壬ƾڵʵȻԻɱԷסԷȴǴ´ࡣ
á
籾ͺӽʥۣƺǱʥ۸޵ˣôһ˵˵תʥڴȥ
һԣŮΣۿʥƺǳӣĶʱһˬڼսУҲû취˵ʲô
壬һЩ壬ûʲô̫õĿĶǵ۾ſֵסһͷǵ۾εĹ塣
֮壬Ƿֱסһͷǵ۾һͷǵ۾εĹ壬սͬǳңȻռƣڶԷһͷǵ۾ƻǴơ
һͷǵ۾ǱʿΧסȻǣסȴҲԽɱ
£Եֵסһͷǵ۾εĹ壬Ȼʥһлһͷ󾡿ܿٵĽ֡
ʥ۵սȻǷǳḻ׸ܵԼлֵͼԺԥͬ仯˱̬徹ȻҲһͷɫëľ壬ѪϢƺǿʹ٣
磬ͬ໥ϣʥĹӿγӽͷǵ۾εĹУʥʼ䲻Ͼ
ʥۣκһܹѹǹ壬˵֣ȻöԷ޷֮
ֻҪһСʱ䣬ʥۣʥĹͷ峹ˡ
ʱ䣬ʥڿʼ˫ԶԷĴڷǳ档
ɽƺΪʥǰ֪ʥǰ԰һֲ壿ѪȻ˴
ԶԶľ룬ʥѯ˵
ʥԣȴЩ֣ķֲ壿Ҳδ˵壬ѵҾǰˣ
⻰Щ⣬ԭʥԼ֪Լʲôޡ
ھĽѣƺǱӡ˺ܾúܾãȴȫǲ𱻷ӡ֮ǰɽպ˾ĽӡǣܹҴӾĽд
ʥüͷ΢˵侫ԽԽϲ
ѪǰĻ廹Ҫ˵ھĽбӡѵԼԶŵͬ壿
²˵
Ҳ֪
ʥҡҡͷȷǲ֪κйذĶڼʱʥ۵ǸܵԼԺƺЩʲôɢļ䣬𽥾ѣпܹһʱ䣬ͻ֪ԼΪʲôᱻӡھĽˡ
ЩҲЩ죬ԭʥ۲ھĽϳ󣬶ǱӡھĽڣȻڽЩѵġ
ʥ۵۵λãѾ꣬ʱڣʹﵽǵ۾ĲΣʼ޷ͻƵǵ۾֮˴ߡ
ƽнھݵʮһ౶ٶͬ޷ͻƵǵ۾ľ磬˶Ƿǳ
Ϊˣʥһֱڶ֮̽У֮ǰϿʥȪȡߣûʥ̫⣬ʵ֪Լϵʲôܡ
ڼ磬о⿪Լϵܸһ󲽣
֪ĻǿһصأһѪԣ˵֪ѪԴԺδ
ʥ˵˫Ŀ֮͸ڴɫ
£Ժ˵
ʥȴҡҡͷȻ֪ԼݺѪȴһʱ֪˭ԸһЩ
ֻһʱ֮뿪
ʥôƴǣҲû⣬Ͼ˫ŸոʶȷöԷôġ
ʥۺͷǵ۾εĹʱһͷԿԾ֮֡ԨԼѪʥͼֶΣԷסʹͷ޷ͻķ
£ʥۺڳûк֮ǵ֣ںܿ콫ͷǵ۾ɱ
ʥĹҫ£ǹȫʴһһıΪɢ
ܿ죬ǹ㳹˵֮¡
ˣ֧Ԯˡ
ʥۺ˶һۣ໥˵ͷȻֱڵս֧Ԯ˹ȥٶȼ죬Ϊ֪ʱ򣬾Ƿ
֮ûȥΪڻԷѹţޣȴѾҪֲסˡ
ȻϵĿƣǵ۾ҪԿһͷǵ۾Ӷǵ۾Ĺ壬ѶȻ൱֮
ɶ񣡡
ȻʱһԵĽŮΣƺǳʥһ𣬾һеԼսҪǰȥ
һߣʱУһֵǵ۾ιĽޣ˲䱻Էѹס
һٶгɲͬУ߶һķĺȻҪ޸ɱ
Σʲô
类תսΪˣʱЩŭʱݵˣСƢʱ
ʥۣھ붼Զ֧Ԯޣ
Ҫһ𣡡
һĹִ֮ɫͬʱưʥһۣɳɹ֣϶Ůǿöˣ
Ҫֺ𣿡
ɫʱûȥΣǼŵٹǿṥƵĽޡ
ȻԷǰ壬ȴһжѣʶܾˣôĿŶԷɱ
ǾԮˣȴϣǸϾǵطȽϽ
ȴҲ֪һһǵ۾ʵסһͷǵ۾εĹ壬ѾǳˣҪȥԮޣѶʵ̫ˡ
ȥˣҲ޷ָʲôġ
ȴע⵽֮ǰѾˣֳ䵶ľ֣ӰǱ룬˲䣬ֱӳͷǵ۾εĹԣ
ʵĵĵնܹʮػþֱӽͷǵ۾Ĺ˻þУ
ǧһ֮ʣδѣٻľ˴󹦣ޡ
˿жĸмֶһ㡣
ȴڵΪǳŭˡ
ΣϽȥԼ˲ˣ
缫ĺȳ


1063 ɢ
ǳ⣬ȴԵøӷŭ
磬ǰδңѵıȲŮˣҿǼһۼʱ۾ֱˣ
η·ܵίһ
类˸ǶʥʲôͼȫֻΪϵİѪϢˡ
Σȴ˲£ʱˣСƢֱ˷ŭ
ʥۣԣȫ֪ʲô飬ȴҲóǽŮΪʼɱߵģ϶Ǻϲˡ
ּս֮УȻˣСƢʥ۶Ů൱ϲȻǲ˵ʲôϾʶԷ
ҲǱըˣò׻ֻúΪѵȰΣ룬ϽȥҪˣҶʥֻۣǾİѪϢ֮һҪһЩû˼
⻰˵β΢侲һ¡
ͷһۣҪͻȻ֣ޣʱѾֱˡ
ˣƽһֱΧתţڽУҲǱȽҪҪôһζʧˡ
εȻֻҲ֪Լ˲ˣֻ
޺޵ĵһʥۣתȥˡ
˿ʥһҪǰԮޣڳʤƽѾбҪһʤʱ
Ҳʱ䶸
üɭȻӰӲԶһ߹״ĽкзɴܳѸٳڵս
ǼɭȻӰУһӰϢǳǿ
ˣǿ϶һͷ壬ȫȻٶ߹ǣƾõ£ȻЩ嶼˱죡
һޣʱþʧ룬˲ɫҰף仯İҪ԰ס
ˣϽߣ
ͷһҲŵûɢüͷ˲Ϣٶȼ죬һӴȫʮ˸߹ǹɣʷмŵĹ廹Ҫǿö࣡
ȻӴӰֻǵ۾ˮ׼ʵѾﵽǵ۾ĲΣԲǳֵܹסġ
ȻҲԮˣ֣ΧЩ߹״ĲƽУȻйӰ֣ΧɱƬ̱гһͷ֣ȫٶǵ۾ĲΣ
Ҫ˵һͷˣĹ壬ǳʮͷ˶ȫǶ֣οлһͷĴڣȫʮ˸߹ǣƼΪֲ
˵һҲǶԷĶ֣ڵȻ֪Լ̤뵽˹ϳˡ
壬֮ǰѾֽڳ֣Ϊһֱڣֻûб˷֡
ʱ˼ü磬뵽Щ־Ҫ˶ڵģӶϵԴ
Ҫ֪ƬǺӹżУûжЩȻܹȥҪ磬ȴǾܡ
ҪֻץһЩ侭ߣϻһЩԴһһεۻ
ҲΪʲôֵЩ֮УûκһؾĴڣͷٶ߹ǵĹϣܵһϵϢ壬ȫǹϹϾ
ǵ۾εĹ壬ѾǷǳǿĴˣҲ˵ڹǳ£µģ϶ԼڵϢ¶£Է˱ɱ֣֮
侲ķһУ֪Լ뵽Ҫƴʱˡ
׼ƴ֮ǰȴѾֵסˡ
ŮΣǣͬʱԶȥȫһͷͷս㣬Լٶ˴
֮ǰλЩ磬ͷȴʥһһһ롣
˫¶һĨʹ޵ɫ
Ȼʱ򣬶˿ûйңǴŮˡ
ȴ˿û뵽£ֻԥһ˲пܱԷװΧסӶء
֮ʵ̫Զôܹһӣѣ˷ɢߣпܴһЩ·
ʥۣ޻ϣ֮ǰһʥ¶Ĳᣬȴǲеˡ
˫̫Զʥڸܸϵԡ
ǿȥϣʱҲһȺ壡
ϰͷͷǧͷ壬ΧĿݹǽбгҪ˳Χɱ
ͰˣӦܿ죬Ǳǳᣬ΢ӳΪܼİΧȦȻ׷״ʧˡ
ɢӣҲûа취ԷӵĻ·ʩչֽš
ˡ
۾ͷǵ۾εĹ壬δǰȥ׷ɱˣǴʮͷǵ۾εķǶߣΧ
ϵСϢ˶ԷɣСУ̫ټСֻһһǵ۾ϣԷ⻹̰ĻҲʵ̫ûˡ
ţɨһܰΧĹ壬ȫû˿µɫ
ǶԷؾĴڣҲҪ̫£Ҫ֪ɲһս
һĽ磡

ʥ۸Ȱ֮ˣ˼ս֮أЩ㷲ǳİΣʱͷȥȴֻѹѹһƬΧˡ
ʥǰõģɽûôģϲĻǸС磬ҲǾĽУ϶۾εǿ߰ɣʥǰ㣬Ҳֻһˣ𣿡
һ˼Ȼʵ⣬ֿʥۣʥһսҲò˽һЩĽĶ
ǵǣǣĽǿҲǵ۾ΣҪֵǹ壬ʵ̫ˡ
ʥЩ˿뵽ոոܵͷǵ۾εĹǿɭȻϢЩ㷡
ǻǶൣԼɣɽֵǱߣȻ¡
侲˵δվ뾡ǻϲУİΧȦ
ڵ˷ɻ壬ΧɱֻҪٶϰģͻᱻ嶼Χ
һƬ磡
ڽƬŴżʱδȻ飬壬ѾˣͻȻ֣ܹ뿪ĻȻ彮һȻ󲨣


1064 
ۿŴ壬Ͱߣ˿
Ȼеǵ۾εĹ壬Է̫ĻԸǻǳ鷳ġ
嶼˷׷˳ȥʣģֻʣͷǵ۾Ĺ壬ԼʮͷǶߣǵ۾ĲΡ
ʱϸһͷ壬ܹʮ˸ֱһɢżɭȻϢ˿־塣
ʮ˸ڹ˹ҪϺü
ֹ壬ûԴȻҲû۾ûж䣬ûܷͣʲô˵ˡ
ƺǹһ£Χʮͷǵ۾εķǶߣ׷׳ΧɱֱӰɵ
ǿϵС˰ɣֻϧСҲЩͱ˵ܵõģ
ЦһЦȻһ̧֣߶ڵľӡǣһ֮׵ۡ׵ۡħ˴ӾĽд˳
׵ۡ׵ۺħۣ˶еۣҲ൱ŷģڶǵ۾εǿߡ
֮лһβõƵۣҲǵ۾վҪһǿƵ߲ܽȫг
׵ۣ׵ۣħۣλǰڵҸոѾˣھսɣħҪСģЩ壬԰Ӱĵֿǿ
ųȻ֪ô¡
ʥ۲ͬʥ۳ǻδǰ˵ڣڽг֮ǰѾ˵Ƕ׼
ܾúܾã۶ûкĶֺսˣʵսᣬǲ
гȻҪ۵ֵԷʮͷǶߣΪܣͬȾ£ʮ׵Ҳǲܵġ
۳ֻǸһԼʵսˮƽ
ɱﵣں
С裡濣һ
ֱӴ߶ӡǣ֪ͨϦԼһˣǴӾĽд˳
ͬһģиյĹŵ
ŵ޹ŵȪŵŵ֣ɢһԶųϢ˸һֱ֣Ӿƾŵһ֮
ŵ֮Уǿӿȣһ󣬷֮оӿԾǿ۳һϳȫڡ
ŽͷǶߣ壬ͷڣȫ˾֮⣡
Ȼֻǲȱľ֮󣬵ȻޱȿֲؾĴڣ޷һʱ֮佫乥ƣ
ŵͬʱ֣ɲȱķ󣬽ȫ档
׵ۡ׵ۺħۣͿʼԼĶֲ۶շǳ죬ڷǶߵսʽ̫ڹ죬һʼŲֽš
սϽȥҵ˸оʼܹԵĶѹƣΨħ۱ȽϳΪħİӰģԸ壬ֱ±롣
δȥ۵սˣΪ۲ԼʧֻһССˡ
Ŀ⣬ȫͷӴĹϣע⵽֮ʱͷϵĹռУȡһεĹǹ֮ϣƺ̺ĳּǿ
׼һʱ֮ǹڴ߶ιеιУһɭȻâ
ţǹ徹Ȼ˾֮ΣֱӴ󣬽뵽˷ڲ
ʱΧйеķǶߣƺȫ˷ܼڻһǿ̤˷󣬱ܹɽնɱõϵС磡
Ȼ󣬸ɵɷļһƻҲܹУһնɱ
ʲôֶΣ
һݣƾιȻ谭Ĵ˾ϣһûнϸƻ
ǿιضǼΪĴڣǹӵеһսƿأܵιϣ塢ʥϢ
ңͽιǹʥɡ
ȻˣǾͲòսˡ
ɫھĽУҲκһܹǵ۾ĴڣԼҪֵԷҲǼѵġ
õǣӵоĽ磬ֻҪ취ԷϽĽУҪ˵ǵ۾ˣؾĴڣܹ֮ѹ
νĽǸܴ⣬Ͼû˻ڶԷСԷս
ಣಣಣ
ü֮ƿնоڰУǹ徹Ȼ͵ϮֶΣ۳ӰԵУԼ͵Ϯ
ǿȻ͵Ϯ忴Ҳŷܿܣȫ
һȫӿײУܹԷһЧ൱
ţִ߶ģ۳ףȫ£
Ѫͼ
ȡѪʥͼ߶һѪͼһɫ׶ʱ棬֮⡣
ңѪʥͼϵ˹׶Σ߶Ѫʥͼĸʴ˲٣һͬķ
ֶΣطԷӰУֱƿնһƬУϸŵɭȻȻֱӽɢ
ţӰдѪͼϣ΢һ٣㽫Ѫͼȥ׻
ۣۣۣ
طֶΣûܹ׵ֵסԷ͵ϮõǣطֶѾԷĹ˲ʮ֮һ
ƾǿӲĽӰ赲⣬ɣ
壬δ˿Ӧʱ䣬ոսԷ͵Ϯֵסһֹһν١
ֻϵİٶŲһɭȻɲֹķ󣬴ٻһѰӰѰӰУȻӿ
Ӱӿ֮£оȻ̺žƵܹǰ壬밵Ӱþ֮УͿֱնԷϣش
ϧǣ⾫Ƶ˵ʲô̫ԵЧصľ֮壬ֱӽ
ɺ˶㿪˶ԷӰնɱͬʱӻȡһöԪ徵
ս̫ˣ˷ѵģڿֻǵ۾ˡ
ɫһȻԪ徵ȥ
֮ǰͻƵһǵ۾ʱһöԪ徵ʣö׼˾۵ĵط֮ٷõġ
ڲõĻסĽֻһãԳ̵ǵ۾Ϊ


1065 ǵ۾
Ԫ徵ܹõöһöѾùͻƵһǵ۾ˡ
ڷõڶöЧȵһöҪһ룬ƽн;ϲ㣬ʱ䣬ǵ۾ͲԶˡ
˵ڶöԪ徵֮ʹ֮õ˱޾ҩǿֳ֮
ȻõĵڶöԪ徵ˣڴ˴ۺһöԪ徵Ҳ鲻˶١
һɰʹ֮ӿڣеĵڶö֮ͨӡʼд֮ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣɱΪ˵۵ͨ
ǵ۾ˣ
һֱΪǵ۾׼ڷԪ徵֮ͻƣˮɵ飬û˷ʲôʱ䡣
ڣǹҲʶǰӰԸвͨģΪӵо֮壬ȻܵþӰ졣
ԣ廻һֶΣɭȻ֮߶еιʱɭȻιд˳չ
ɭȻֲ̺ͬͬȻһɫڰӰģʵȴͬ
Ҳʱɹ̤뵽˶ǵ۾ĲΡ
ɭȻеҵԨǾԿɭȻǿƷǿ
һ̧֣ѸۣȻʩչԨŵѷеȻӣһһɭȻӿȥ
һԨѷ죬ԸһɭȻʣѷ죬ǳŹڴϮȥ䷢ƣ
ǣԼԨȻЩȲ϶ԷɭȻ
ǵ۾εĹ塭
ɫһ֮ǰһ˵𷲹ǶߣʵҪģǵ۾εĹ壬սܹǵ۾Ტۡ
ǹιͷųɭȻֱӽԨѹƣȻ󳹵ɢ
ȻɭȻֱλûɵֵסԨѷ졣
⻹һܹɵֵסԼԨǹ壡
ɭȻɳϮӹܹ·ȫˣûа취㿪
ͬʱȫٶŲһӿֲķ󣬾ȻٻǣЩ϶żµĸʴЧͬһڴ£
ǰҡ˷ȫΧЩУֻ·һ
ٲʩչɱﵵĻ컹
֮ǰֻԿԼʵڿҪԸǵ۾εĹ壬ǲ̫Զ
ƾԼʵսʤĴڣ
ɣ
ʱ򣬲òھ۵ͨ
ڵ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣ൱ǾĽˣȻܹеľ۵ͨ
ֻһֱûҪãΪھĽ̫ȶеͨ»ᵼһЩԤϵĺ
ȻԹĿֲɱУҲ˲ˡ
Ϣ˲ųһʾľӾӡӿ
ǲԼƿص̫޾ľĴڱֱӪһ͹ӰУ

߶ӡǣƬ֮Уʱ۳һͷһͷǿЩÿһͷǵ۾ǵ۾Ĵڣ
һֱ֣һΧϮǣ״ݻٴûһǽӽߣ
ͬʱвٹֱӳŹڵķһĹ֮ǰһ۾Сӣ
ʵ֤ǰͷʵԶʱһ۾Сӣôǹ壬ȻֻǴ߶еιȻ۳һɭȻϣͽЩȫֵ
ϢɭȻϴеĵǾĽ籾ȫ޹ء
ΪˣܹõǿֶΡ
۲Ľе֮ͨܿĵȻ¾ĽУߴЩƽ⡣
ɻӿĽıܹʱø̣˵϶Ǽ¡
ֶǺǿȴܾãĻĽܿҪױˡ
Щϧ֪ʱϺ¥ɽϵĽʲô⣬ĻĽ϶Ļܾþ۵ͨսԶѰĵ۾ˡ
֣һһϮȫݻ𣬽ٵΣͬʱƳ˹ķֶΣʱ䡣
֣
˲۳һһľ֣ĵܿӽݽߣδֱֹͣӱһͼڣ
ӡѾ̤Ϊ˵۵ͨڱ鿪̺ŵӿֱӽȫĵ˻
ǰܹʮֳ֣䵶ŹڵĵطɱȥȫûжʵǾĵͬʱʩչĵնֶΣ
Ϊֵ֪ʵԹ壬ûκвǵ۾ķǶ߶ӵնϵĹ˵ˡ
ĵȴܹӰ죬ʮ֣ܹʩչʮĵնʮػþֱӽڣ
ҽɣ
Դ߶ӡǣҪ壬뵽Ľ統УȴĸܵΣգȻ˲ʮػþͻƳ
ٶ˲乹һⷨ󣬴һɭȻϢӿͬһ㳯żǿĸʴ
ɭȻˣϮȻȴҲ޷ȫסվһɭȻϢǰҪУɱ
ͼڣ
۵ͨӡʩչһͼڳԣγһУȻһϮɭȻϢȫ˽ȥ
֮УδͣЪȴܹɶ𷴻ɼʵΪ£ǻ˷ӪκһˣѾĲˡ
ǿƾ͵۵ֵͨס˶ԷɭȻϢϮܵĽڣڵ֮ͨĵԽԽ֪࣬Ĳȥˡ
Դ֮壡
ȫϢţԾ֮ıԴϢ֮
Լ˾Ľ֮󣬱ǰǿ˲٣Ȼһٽǹסһʱֹͣ˼


1066 ɱ
ʮ⣬벻徹ȻܹԹ嶼Ч
ȻˣԽĽУ
һ߶֮еľӡǣȻԾĽ֮ӿŹȥ
ǵ͹˹ֶΡ
ڹ屻סʱŵǿιͻȻɢһɭȻâɭȻâȻɢ
Ľֵ֮˹ϣȴһ̧֣ȫһ취ɢһȦɭȻ֮ȫɢ
ȻǲУô
״ʱֶ֪λǲֻó׼Ķˣ߶ӡǣӾĽ֮УȡһΪصĶ
֪ʲôĴڣǾǾ
˰ٷ֮ʮľӡ֮󣬷ԼڿǿھĽŲλãڳһ£ֹȻܹӾĽȡˡ
ң
Ȼ֪ζþֻܴ߶Ź֮Ȼȥ
֣ȫ壬Լ׵ۡ׵ۡħۻˣȫĿͶ˹޾ɭȻϢˡ
壬ƺһֱǺܵģڣȻҲԵЩȫѸɹ취һɭȻڵȻԼٶ
ֻϧٶȻзǶߣǱ˸ϲ֪ٱȴȻ޷Ѿ׷
·ռ䣬۹ʲôطʼܹѸ롣
һʱ֮󣬾Ȼ˹ϣֲѹȫһٶȫ飬ˣԾǿľ峹ѹ˵
ǾԴ
ھǿᣬȴû˷ʱ䣬ڳᣬ߶Ľ֮ǹֱ˾Ľ統С
һ˿
óһ֣Թпֲѹ嵱ʱܡ
ܹɶþĻ϶κؾµĶ֣ϧǣֻƾĽ֮ҳȥ˶ѡ
ҳΣȻϽϽ˾ĽС
ûʲôˣͬص˾ĽУǧ֮ӳھ֮ϣԾֱֽ֮飡
ھĽУǵ۾εĹ壬㲻ʲôȫʣõİٶҪɷȴֵסӳٱ֮ľʴ˲䱬顣
Ľ֮Уֻʣ¹һεĹƺǹʥδȥֻǽ䱣˾ĽУ˭޷һ䡣
Ȼ뿪Ľ磬ص硣
ʱ˿̣ΧϰͷǶߣ˹屻ϽС磬ʱǵ군ˡ
ûκԥϰͷǶȫɢӣͬͻȻһͻȻȫʧˡ
ӵǿˣЩ壬ȫǴӸżеһЩ״ϳģǶǽڣǽϣȻС硣
ЩС磬Ǻܾúܾǰеؾǿ£ûбɾСеĹ壬Էչ׳
˲֪£壬ڷչ˳Խ˾Ľʵֻϧǹ֣ҪȡľĽ磬ȴɱ
˵ز˾¹Զ󣬱뾡뿪С
˹֮󣬱㽫ȫȻΧ˵
׵ۡ׵ۡħ˵˵ͷڸʩչɱУֲٵ˸ԵķǶ߶ϣȫһٶȫ
ȻϦ衢濺ͶһҲŵԡ
ǳʱջīûнʹĴеõˣ
Ϧһ䡣
ˣѾõ˵ŵֻĵˣ㹻ľ壬ٹ죬ܽȫˡ
Ϧ˵ͷش˵
֮ǰʱƾӡǵǿ֪ҵ˵ʹ֮Ȼջī
ջīͺͰӰϳ̶൱ߣȥõʹĴУ൱ʡ
ջīѾõ˵ŵֻҪٽȫ򣬱ܴ߶ŵŵͬľ֮һ˰ȫԵõıϡ
ɱ˹֮󣬳бһƬžֻʣ⼸ˡ
ȥʥǰɡ
ŷʥۺķ׷˹ȥһߵĽ壬ȥܣǿոǽŮεĻоæĻ޿ˡ

ȴ֪ڽⷽΣŽʮһޣŹŴżΧһ·ӳȥʼղһҪڶෲǶ߸׷ϡ
ʱ򣬴ǰһֲ޾ħͻȻͳŹŴżк˹
һ赲ؾϵĴڣ
Ǻ壡
һ޴Ϊ𾪣ûӦǵѾУ
һԽ壬һƬ飬һȺǶߣȫûܶ㿪׷һħĻ±
Ƭ֮Уֻһ˻ǾǽŮΡ
βϣһ׹˸貵Ľɫԣγһɫ֣赲⣬Ůȴȫʬ޴ˡ
ڵôҲû뵽ջ
ֱһȺǿߣǰΧ˹Χм䣬ڷӦæɱңɱң֪䣬ҿԸǣ
û뵽Сˡ
һͷޣ˳ҪȫɢħͻϢȻһֲͷų
ɵԣȫźɫףϿ̻ڹ·аеӰλŵ顣
㵱Ը˵䣿Ӧ֪ҵضǻҪġ
޵˵
⻰˶һ£ԵЩ£һ뵽ʱʥ߶ʱһɶʼ֮ıˡ
ץסֻ·һвͶʼ֮£ϵ˵ͷ
Һ֮䣬¹ԵԼ໥ܹ֮ܵԷλá
ε˵ҴǹȥǱҰȫ뿪Ҳ͸¶йǵκϢ
ԣɽ
ǺֱЦˡ


1067 ħ
ڹŴżвǰУۺϦǣܹͬС
;ǼЩ壬ٶʧһ㣬ʧ֮ҲҲǵȥ
Ȼ²⵽ЩǶСУ˭֪ЩС
һСڣϢɢģͨĳЩֶΣȻεСϢɢҵ
ôĹŴż֮дڶٸС磬ٹ壿
û֪
²й̫࣬ȻҲɱһͷ֮ЩǶ߾ȫˡ
Ȼ֪ЩǶܻһԭǾǺǿ֣߳һлͷǶߡ
ڵĹ˵ؾǿû˿취ؾǿֻ֣߳ٶ
֪Щ;ʥۺڴ׷ȥûãͿǰһƬ浱УӰǶΧסھżս
˵ʱЩǶҲǷ׷ֳټսȥһ˲ƬĹŴżг˭ҲǵӰ
ʥǣսбȫѹأΪˣϾʮͷΧͻơ
ȴû뵽ͻȻЩɢֵʱ򣬾ͼ˴ӲԶ֣߸˹
Ϊ𾪡
ɽֵܣ㾹ȻܴӰΧȦӳͷ壬𣿡
æӭ
˫»һ˰ȫб
Ҳӳģͷ壬ѾҸɵˡ
ЦЦ˵ǰ峤Ϣ𣿡
ûУҺ֮䣬¹ԵԼ֮ģԸ֪˴˴ڵλá
ҡҡͷ˵ȥϰɣ֪û¡
ԵԼ֮еһֶΣһ㶼Ƿ˫ŻᶨµԼ
ʥԣЩʵѵ֮䣬ѾйԼŻᶨԵԼ
ҪǣҶΣһֱǶԴһ
ԴˣҲЩΣѾͷСϲˣСӣû뵽쾹Ȼô֣ҿЦ
žһ֮һЩİɡ
ʥһЦ
Ȼһʱ䣬ȴҵͬϢ
ûиܵģּĸоҪ֪һֱʥʱ򣬶ּΪµ顣
ʹ¥ɽϵЩǿߣ¥ɽЩˣ˵֪ʲô壬ҲûƵޡ
϶¥ɽ֮ƭΪһ࣬ܿ뿪ĽȥѰ壬ôܰĵĴ磬֮ףΪ¥ɽƿصĹߣ
һ룬ʥ۶¥ɽ֮ˣûʲôøС
Ըˣ߰ɣǸ򡣡
ˣŹŴżĳѸٷȥͬʱЩŵ˵ɽ֣ʵǳԤϣȻͷ嶼ܸɵ
ֵǵİæҪֻһĻ϶ڹˡ
ЦЦɲ뱩¶Լ̫ණ׵ۡ׵ۡħˣԼϦһҲи˵ǡ
˲ǰȴһֲĸоüΪڷκ⣬ܹһʱ䷴Ӧ
˲ǰȻ֮䣬ƺһռϣǵȥ·赲סˡ
ȥջգŴżǹŴżǸһ͸ϣǰĿռ˿
á
ɫ΢䣬֪֣϶
ܵһռϣɫҲǱһ䣺Ǳ˰Χˣһ룡
û⻰˵꣬һЦȴȻΧд˳
磬Ǻõȣ
һħЦɫ䡣
Ǻˣؾǿߣħ˴׷ɱǣ
ҧҧΧȥ
һۣȴΧռ֮УȻһȺѹѹĺޣΧ˵Ҳϰǿޣлкüؾǿߣ
Ϊ֮ˣһɫ׵ޣźɫ·˸ܵħ졣
ǺУؾǿߣħ
ħ֮׷ɱ磬ʲôԵʣȴֻ֪վͬһϣħɢħɱͲܷŹ
ο
ηſ
һħԣһӰǽΣڽˣͱɱˡ
Сӣ㾹ȻΪ룿
ħһЦСѾͷָλãǲǰͶĻҪץס㻹ĲأϣŰĲٱ
Σ
ɫһ䣬һΣȴдΣʱһС
δʱεͬʱּվԵʥۣɫһӱЩ磬ҲǱƲѣǲ˵λãǱҪɱңڱŮԻҲǰʶˡ
죡
ɫʱû뵽ƽ￪ЦˣˣСҲˣھȻԺ֮͸¶٣
ʵϣβ˵ҲȥΣ˫ܾܿˡ
ħ˵ħǰ¿ռϣа취ѶԷ׷ģڣԷʱǰ壬İ취ȫˡ
һЩǿսʩչֶΣڿռ䱻յ£Ҳʩչġ
αֹסȴҲ䵭Ĳͷħ˵˵ֻҪҵ磬ͻ뿪Ķ԰ɣ
ҵȷ˵Ļֻϧڷˣ
ħ¶̵Цݣ㿴Ƕô㰡ҾãɱˣҲĿҪ֪ҿǺСӵء
һħ⻰Сʱò԰
㣬ƭң㲻˵ߵ𡭡
ܻ
£ħ˵ʲôʱˣ
ħжʱŲ̣ħȻγһֻħ֮צֱӽθһץס
ûκεֱֿ֮ӱħħ֮צסȻħʴȫ˻ҽ
ۿαħɱڳһ󵨺
˵α磬绹ûҪȥξȻˣǸһֱıСѾͷȻˡ
׼Ӱɡ
Уʼձ侲֪ڶԷؾ֮ⷽûʤ㣬Ψһܹסİ취ܣ
ҪôӣƬռ䣬Էǰˣطһ壡
ޣЩ˹


1068 ħʯ
侲
޵Ľ˹ȿȥˣʵԤϵˣֻ©һ㣬ǾܽԷİΧȦС
£Ҫܵȷ̫ܡ
磬ԵҺʥ뵽н죿ȻӴ˱츳ˣҲܹȥǾ츳ˡ
УΪ׵ħ˵дЩϷʺͲм
ţҲҪʱɳģǺʥ㻹жʱɳ
һؾޣЦ
ˣ˷ϻûʲôã׷ôԶʱɵ㶨ߵ飬ǿϢһˡ
еؾǿߣʱʹ㶯ˣ˿û⣬Զʲô˳
֮ˣһʱ䶼˾֮Уڵ£Ҫܸǲܵ鰡
ҲʱͻȻվǰЦ
˵λѣ޼ɵûаҿɣ
ЦɨһǰļؾǿߣоȻ˿ûо֮⣡
ٶһúǼλ΢üͷ
˭һ壬ܵǺӹż֮Уʲô˲õݣ˭֪
ħһ˵
û̶֣΢һЩ˼ɣܵûʲôвֻǸǵ۾СӰˡ
˵䱳ʲôǵ˵ӦԲҲ٣Ѿ֮ôܵˡ
Ƿϻ
һүģ˵ϡ¥ɽ֮еĴܣ̾ͻ֪ˣϡ¥ɽϣΪУ
֮ǰ˵ǰ壬ʵǺֻܴռһǺӵĶʮ֮һѡ
ǴǺУֲŶʮ࣬൱еĲ塣
򵥵˵塢塢壬ʵ൱ڲؽһĲ塣
ԣֱӰϺ¥ɽҪЧöԷţ˼ɵֻҪ΢һʱ䣬תһ¶Էעˡ
˵ⷬʱú֮һ㶡
ϣ¥ɽϣ
壬ɶвСˣʵȻǱȺҪǿϼʮ
Ȳ˵ǰСϺ¥ɽǷйϵ˵ģϺ¥ɽϣѵ彮Ǻ鷳ɣ
һؾ޳˵
ǸԵҲܣǺ鷳ܾӲܡ
һؾҲǵ˵ͷ
СӣûþϺ¥ɽŻǣǳƤˡ
ħЦһ
𣿡
һЦԷ˵ĻԹ˵Ϻ¥ɽϣȻǲٽǺ壬ضɳǿߣɱ֮ˡǰ֮ǰӰȵȣǣ֪ʲôһߡ
ԷôŵģЩħ˵ɫԱһ䡣
ԶǺӹżֵСӣ֪Ϻ¥ɽѾǳɺˣڣȻλܣ֮ģоž޵Ĵڰ
Сӣ֮ʲôϵ
ħɫһ
һ벻Է汻Լסˣҿ֮ȷʵǿˣȻԶﵽز
ֻҪȡʱһģȻԷ˵֮Ǿ͸óƤˡ
ҵʦ֮ĵһӣ̣ҵδޣΣ
˵۾գһ£˵ĸһ
رǣΪ֮ĵĵӣҲ㣬Ȼħûȴһؾǿ
֮ȷһ̡
ؾǿߣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ô˵СݵǱ󣬶ǣ֮ǷӣҪɵĻ»鷳
ħ˼С
ʵϲҪ˵Щˣ硢ʥ۵ˣҲǱһһ㶵ġ
ȻѾĵˣ
ңȻѾδˣ
ǿɴû
ţЦŶħ˵ˣħǽǷŹңһҪ͸ǣǿ֪ʲô
ӻȡһöʯͷǾµöʯͷ֮һǰöյˣһö
ʯͷϣһŨĴ֮Ϣֱһʱɴ˫ۣⶫҪǸյĻܴ̾ǵ۾̤뵽ǵ۾а
Ƕؾǿ˵ʯͷҲǼΪˣϾǾؼ
һʯͷħʱ۾ֱˡ
⣬⣬⣬ħʯ
ȻħȻϳʯͷǱħʯⶫ϶Ϊ󣬵ħʧȥ˷ص̬
ħʯΪ⣬ҾȽ͸ɡ
Цŵ˵ͷҪӳħʯؼʱȴͣһ䣺õóħʯڿţʦ˰ɣ
ţȻŵġ
ħһЦСˣħʯǷΣ
СҲǱɱɣֻʳǺʥǱɱ֮ˣ
ǣš
һЦȻħʯħ˳ȥ
ħڳޣˣȫĿ⼯ħʯϡ
Ҳʱж
ҽ
һ߶ӡǣֱͷųĽ֮֮ϣֻһ˲㽫硢ʥۡϦʮȫ˾Ľڡ
ţһھ޴ʯӾĽȡ˳ֱӱħ
ħһֱעöħʯû뵽ͻȻͷ˹ƣһֱӴӾĽзɳħ
ʱħҲǿħʯˣܵǾ޴ʯϵɭȻɲϢԼ˵ѹȫͲҴˡ
һ־ϵѹħ֪޴ʯ϶кܴͷȴ֪ʲô
ӹħڣ
ħɭȻһȫӰıڹֱӺ˾֮ϣ
ڹ˾ϣʱþǰеƶһ٣ţһޱȿֲӾб˲ӿȥ
һﾹȻҹ
״ʱһо˶ˣٶȣСʩչմԽǱԶѸӶݳȥ


1069 ؾ
ܹᱬʲô֪ȴ֪϶ʲô顣
ֻþħס֮ǰǹһסȻԼûܣȴû뵽ħȻһĳž˹
ڸܵħҪʱ̾תˣմԽ˺ü֮󣬴˺µĿռϡ
֮
ʩչʵֶͨΣ֮ĵͨһֵͨЧȻǲͬ죬Ȼֱӽǿռд͸һ֮ԴƬյĿռ䡣
ûκԥֱӳƬռ
ţӺ󷽴˽ϵĿֲըӾбֱӵռ򣬽һƬοռ䶼ɭȻϢ֮С
һͷǻͷĻǿԼǿռ֮УѾһƬɭȻľٺǿ߶Ҫ뿪Ƭ򣬵ȴռסܳ
ʴ£ЩǿޣüͷؾεޣȫʧȥϰͷǿߣħڣȫС
ֱգǲռ϶ĸ飬ڣǲռ֮󣬾δɢòԶ˿
벻ռϣǺֹѵģȴԼĹأռϣˣҲȫˡ
ԶվعͷԴ˾Ϊп
Ҳ벻õģȴħһȺȫɵˣҲ
ΪڵĵطȻһƬ񱩵ľڸҿȥ
ܿ޷߾
Ǹǳ鷳飡
ȻܽģֻܵȴˣȴǾƽȥĽС
ҲҿħǺǿĻ϶ǿҲ޷ˡ
ЩңڵõģֻƺЩ鷳
֪ǲǾôˣ
һ㽫硢ʥ˴ӾĽк˳
֮У硢ʥ۳ԣһ־ͱԶɢɭȻϢľһ
Ƭ򣬺ζ͸һЩϢ˿ֲαģ׼Ĵڣһܹʩչֶΰɣ
ɽ֣⾿ô£
һ
ոҰսҵСУûпܣȻĻºħһˡ
Ц˵
ǡģ
ԶһƬڵľֵգЩ𾪣ħˣô˵һȺǿߣҲȫ˰ɣ
ң㻹ǵħעǿʯͷ
ܽ͸¶ֻ֪ܽƵħʯϣⶫ˽˿϶Ҳࡣ
ֵ˵ħʯ

ǶʵҲ֪ʲôֻ֪ǺĴڰˣħȻҪǿʯͷħʯˡͳˡ
˵ЩΡ
ʥۣЩƣʥ֪ӵоģ˵еۣȫ֪ģʱʥ۵Ȼȥ
ʥ֪˿ֲħʯɵģֻǾĴڣȷʸ̫֪ڿƷͦá

ֱһȻȫû˵Ļ٣ֱӾʹЦ벻ħҪǣȴŰɻźôȫԼµĿռУ
Ȼܿ죬˱ħɱΣɫʱȻ
ϧȻӳ죬ȴ
ЩĬ
ڻ˵Щʱ򡣡
Ȼֱʵ֣֪׷ɱĺ֮ˣǷȫˣû׷ɱ㣿
Ӧûˡ
ҡҡͷħںǺǿĴˣλ׵ľ磬ӣҪץҰ˵һʧģȴû뵽ɽ㡣
λף
ǵһʣЩ档
ֵѵ֪ؾΪĲ㾳磬ֱλףλףλԼף
Щȡ
ǵȷû˵ԭؾеʵΪĸ𡣡
Ȼ˵ͷȻʵڴ֮ʲôӦ˽İɡ
֮ϣľ硣
˵ͷЦ˵񾳽Ĵڣʵ̫ϡˣһҲλ񾳽ǿߣܹ̤֮Ѿ˵վ۷ˡ
񾳽磬ѵ˵ӽĲΣ
ɫ΢䡣
ǣû黹һأһ˵վֻǴŰˡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵
ȻˣȴǼԿ϶Ͽ϶Ǵģֻǲ֪鶼ںδΪʲôǰ
ĻѾﵽ۷壬Ӧþ񾳽ľֻۣᱻʲôɱأ
λףλףλףףؾĴ󾳽磬ʱ϶ǲȥģٶûá
ؾԼֻҪ̤ؾѣϾ˾۵ľĽ磬֮ĻڣɱΪС粻̫ѡ
Ȼ׷ûˣǾֻ˶԰ɣ
һ˼üͷˣ֣ǰ֧ԮںδϢ𣿡
ܸо벻ԶˣӦúܸܿµıҵˡ
˵ͷ˵лⲻЩˣϾˣŮСĻ飬һֱÿ
Ȼǰ飬ʵʧȴҲξˡ
ڣεѾʵҲֻԡ
ȻˣǱֵɣ֣ǰѣȥ˻ϰɡ
ԣʱЩţȻ˵
ŶΪΣɽֲһȥ𣿽ܹþȣɽ֣˰壬Ȼúд㡣
Щ졣
ڲУԺпգһǰġ
ǹطľȻܸ뿪Ҳȴ
һܿʲôǿܻһЩ鷳ɲˡ
ǡðɣȻɽִˣǱ˰ɣǽ˰壬ܱ֣ڰӦûʡܶġ
һ˼˵ͷҲǶý˵ˣȻ֪ڲȥԼԭûǿ
ȻһԵʥһۣЦʵʥǰǷҪһص壿


1070 Χ
ʥѯʣδش𣬶һԵɽȥ𣿡
ʥڵȻ֪ԼѪΣȴһ˸ȥһȥ
ʥ۵˼ЦЦ˵İʥǰȸֻȥҲûʲôطȥģʱ϶ֻаȽϰˣֻʱе飬æ꣬ͻǰġ
ʥ۾¶ϲɫǾͺˣһǣż
ɫʱЩʧ
ǺڴʥܸһȥģϾϲʥϵϢȻʥҪһҲû취ǿ
ɽ֣Ҿʹǰ֮ˣȻȥˣæߵ֮һҪ尡
˵ο˵ǾǵûĻѱħˡ
ţģҪȥ㣿
˵ͷʵ
彮ֻҪѯǺӣرˡ
Ц
á
ͷ
ǺӣΧǳģͬǺӡ¥ɽǺӵȵȣоסŸ壬ǺУҲסŸ塣
壬ֻǺеһ塣
ûʣ̷˺ʥʲôôһ£ΪûʲôϵҲûá
ŰѰ޴ӾĽз˳
ħȻˣҲǲ˵òŻᷢǿԶɭȻԸпţħʯǿ¡
ȴֻĬȻˣǾϱģֻϧܸ߰ˡ
ܿ죬ǣΪ˿Ҫˣǲ㶺̫ãһת뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰ罫ǰǺӵ·߸ҽһöҡ
ң彮ʹõĻңһöҲֻܵǰǺӵ·ѶѣҲûдңֻȸһöˣ彮֮ûң´粽С
ԴûоܾȻʱûҵĻЩȥ鷳
뿪֮󣬳оֻʣʥۺˡ
˵©ˣֻɽİɡ
ʥЩµؿڡ
ǺټĻǿԸҵˡ
Ц˵
š
ʥ۵˵ͷͻȻ뵽ʲôΪĳʵոնħ˵ǷģǣѾʦǸ˻Լһ¡
ȻǼٵˡ
˰֣飬ֻħġ

ʥ¶Źֵɫ
һ룬ʱҲоЩ鷳Ǹ˵ЩֻǺˣҪͣȥǺ˵Ļƺܲ
Ҳˣ˵ĵӣ֪Ҳ̫
ô죿
⣬ֻϣ粻˵ˣҿԸƺе
Դǣ
壬ڽܲ˫ںܶкرڶԸз棬˫ͬһߣԣ֮Ϣ϶ҲǱȽϻͨġ
彮˵ЩĻᴫ֮ģǱ˶ǿɾͲˡ
ң粻˵ʱ⻰ģһĸޣ
ĸҪǵ˵Ҳû취ֹֹ
õǣڻֻ֪֪ɽ
ʥЦ˵ԴҲΪΡ
ⲢӰʲô֮ĺǰΪݳɽ϶ûκѶȵģǰùĻ
̾˿ȴûʲô취һһ鷳أڶȫֻˡ
ʥʵʥǰҪҪȥ
Уƽн磬оݣĽݾҪƬǺӹżУûκˣ֮ʲôûУֻһƬޡ
ûʲô֪ܵĻҵ档
ʥһЦ̧ɨһƬŵչż磬һСĸУ壬壬ȻؾС硣
Ľ磬ġ
ʥ̲ס뵽磬αӡģѵǵΪ
Ļôݾʲô
ʹûҵ𣿡
ʥЩįʵ
ҵȻ棬ֻ㲻˵ĻҲûʲôá
Ц
Ҳ˵Լ֪֮ǰ˵һһУưܲұӡУʱʲô֪뿪˵֮󣬲żϵһУճ֮һǰʼҵôˡ
ʥ۶Դ˷ǳա
һ㣬ȵ˰ͻ֪ˡ
˵ͷ˵
Ϊ粻֮ãʥȻǳգҪǻܲˡ
˾һƬǺӹżУţԶһڻɢҪɢҲһµʱ䡣
Ǻӹż֮УڱȽϵĵǣЩʱʧĹ塣
壬ǾͲһĹŴżУҵǻص彮֮󣬿϶ὫڵϢϱ϶ǲܶǿǰ
һڶԷ͵ĻܿһЩ鷳
ȻôҲûãֻһһˣο˵Щʱھͻж
ϾȺѾ¶ˣȺĽǶǿ϶Դеġ
ôţȻ͸оϢе㲻ԾˣʩչӰۣ֮ƾ谵Ӱ֮ƿأŷԲ֮ڵ̽˹ȥ
̽Ľһ֪ʲôʱ⸽һ֮УȻһȺĹ壬Щ壬ȫλǵĽʥԶԶΧ
ǹ̽ĻûзЩֶΣʵ̫ǿЩ
ֵܹ̽ģҲֻͨؾĹ壬ԼһЩһǵ۾ǵ۾εĹ壬߲εĹ壬ѾԷˣҲ֪Щ壬ʲôֶΣ
ǲδżΪ֣ЩȻΧȴû̫⣬һɱⶼûУ֪Щ˵ĿģҪɱ
ǱΧˡ
ʥ۴ʱҲĲԣɨһΧȻ˵
ýţЩ忴ûʲô⣬֮ǰ״̬ȫͬǣҲϦǳ¾֮󣬶ʱڲ⡣
˵ͷ˵


1071 ӻ
ʥСĽ䱸ʱŶԷпܷĹ
ΧԽԽֱ࣬ﵽ˳ǧͷѾǳԵ¶˰Χ֮ƣȴûκһͷʥκε⡣
ڣڶԷԽԽʱһͷǵ۾εĹ壬ӺڰӰ֮߳𽥳ԶԶĵطƺڳйͨ
һֵľ񲨶ܵȴԷЩʲô
ʱеʶС飬ҵʲôԷĹͨʽͨ񲨶ֽ˵ƺǳ⣬壬ͨԣҲͨ񲨶ᶯá
ţڱЩʲô
Ȥ
˵ǹ֣֮ҪǱӻȫ壬ֻҪǴӦӻȫ壬ǽָȥһõط
С鴫
壬֣֮
һ֪Էʲô뷨ˡ
ԭЩ壬͸¶Ϣ֪϶ǿ߹Χˣûа취ֻӻǡ
ȻɱЩ죬ҲòӻΪϵĴ
壬дŲ壬ֻЩ壬һȫھֻʣһ岿䣬ֻʣʮ
С飬תͷ˼
ðճûܽɱ©ϢֻѰǵıӻˡǻɱģܿ͸ǰԮؾ޻ϣˣǹʵ㣬Ҷ֣Ϣ©˶֡
ǹ彫Щ˵ˣóЩ⣬ȻǶԷٵ֣֮Ȼóġ
һţһ΢΢۾ԵʥתЩϢ
ͬʱȴ룬嵹ĺҪҪǸպñǰߣѾȫЩС
һЩ϶ӻ̬ȣֱӳΧˣϾʣʮ壬ΧɱĻҲܰˣۣܶǶܣΪһˣǹڵϢҲ©ˣ֮֡
ˣûб𣬶Ǳǰˣ
£ȻֻѰıӻԸ⽫ǱӻԼСУô廹ܹȥҪȻĻ˵ʧˡ
С飬Ҳ
С鴫ȥĲŶԷϾ壬ողɱ˶Էһͷǵ۾εĹ壬Է֮ġ
СתȻͷǵ۾εĹ壬ȫٶȫһ𣬼񲨶
˵Ǵˣ϶֪˵ģҪֻṩĺôҲûڵȷ֣֮㲻ӻǵĻǿ϶ᱻǰΧ˵𣬶Ҳеطӡ
С鴫
Ȼף˵ͷС鴫ʣܸʲôôɡ
֪ʵҲûʲôѡӻЩĻʮͷƴԵֵס¶Է֮ǿ߾ǵ۾Ҳһ
ԣԷܸĺôӻǵȻûʲôġ
ڹ壬ûʲôޣȻҲ֪Щ岢ʲôöȵгһճɳĻ϶
ǴӦӻԷԷȫھĽУ׹ƿأд׼ĴڣҲĶ֡
ֻҪǽĽ磬ƿǡ
Ͷ·ĻԸģɼȷٺܴˡ
˵һܴǰǺӹżصһ֮Դ̺ҹĵΪģǹΡ
ڶṩһЩ似ȵȣǹսУսɵǿ似Ϲŵ似ֻǹĲЩżǵղظС
ǹûκԴ̺ʹ֮ıﶼûУҪȻҲ䵽³ˣԣҪṩһЩԹǹСɳ
ʱ۾ṩǵĺôɣĽҲ࣬ҶݺƽнˣֻʮǿٳһأṩһЩҲʲô
磬ǧߣھٱٶĵһ֣ЩǾĽǧĻۣһ֮ĸɾ
ԣʮĻʵҲ㲻ʲôؼǶԷҪó㹻˵С
Է˵ĵڶӵϹʱڵ似⵹൱Ȥģ似һĻܹӵһЩѰĵ似ҲԼһʱ
Щӳʲô似͵
С鴫
ܿ죬ǹȫٶȫչţʮö͸ŹϢ򣬳ǰ
ʮöеݣС鴫ʮöУö򣬼ϹŲϣʺʯƳɵĵʣµУȫ̫ż似޾似
˵С鶼˷ܣ޾似۶ֻѧһеĿֲڣ似Ǵ綥ĲΣ
˵޾似϶˵Цڣȡ似ŶȻĸߵġ
ΪϹʱ塢ս˺ܾõǿ壬սһЩؼҲǺ顣
ЩԹ˵ûã˵ôɾ̫ˣ
⣬ʺʯƷⶫҸպҲöǴӿߵСкеõģǴǰ׼ÿΪƵҩġ
뵽֪ʵԾܾģõЩԴ˵ضּ
ͬʱҲţӾĽеõö򣬼ɱǷһ޾似
ܿ뷨
ȣ۲޾似ɹΣ֮ǰʹ˵ǣ޾似Ǵﵽ˻Ĳεģɱ
ڶɱӺˣ⾿ʲôʽ
Ȼڲʱ
˵ҴӦӻˣĻеǰ취Ըǡ
˼˾СתԷУҪ٣ȴԵõܶණûɲӦ


1072 
С鵱Ȼʵ⻰ת˹֪Ȼִ˹˼˵⽻׳ɽˣǱӻʮ壬ǽὫϹʱսɵһ㡣
һ
ʣ⣬ΪԷܰȫȻСڣҪǷڽǹȫô죿
ԣԷܽһԽ϶Ƿ
ЩƽʱʲôطͲ֪ˣǲĵ飬ֻ֪ԷȻĽף϶а취ֹõЩ
Щȫ˾ĽڣҲ޷Щʲôط
ЩϹʱڴսս򣬱ǹ̸еĳ룬㹻ĳά֮໥õĹϵ
򵥵˵ЩҹһھĽڵľסأǾͰȫˣᱻֽ𣬶Ǹı꣬Щ򡣡
Դ˵Ȼ׶ԷͼҲ֪˫ȫǻõĹϵ
˵Ļողɱ˶Էǿǵ۾壬˵Ϲʱڣֽ𡭡
Щ˵壬ȫУ
ڣЩȴûѡֻܺɽףҪȻĻͻᱻ𣬱壬ò壬᳹ʧ
ˣºӦԷһҪһС磬ǾؾĲΡ
ؾǿߣڵĹ˵ʵǿ̫࣬˫ƽȵĴڣ̸ԹǳԷøϻֱӽ¡
Ǿ޽еġ
һ棬壬嶼Ƿǳʹ޵ģϹʱڱ֮࣬
ô࣬˵ֻҪͼӻһ¹Ҳʲôؼڱӻڼ䣬ӵжЩľƿȨ
ֻҪõЩֳʲô
˵ˣӻǹڼ䣬ÿ궼ύһöһöԼ
СתŹ˼
˵û⣬ҪĽ磬ȸö֤֮һһöҿԽܡ

СתܿЩΪѵĶܾˣ˵ȸöĻǵõ̫࣬ήǵüֵһЩǲ
öһö٣ǲǽĽ磬ӻǹģϾǹ壬ĴУôѾð˺ܴˣһ֣ض첻ȥ
ɫȴǼΪȻҪΪ֪ڸûѡ񣬱
ڹ˵һӵɱҲûκ飬ºǻᱻǸûеطӡ
ֻҪǲһͨ̽ؾǿ߹ܹʮͷһ򾡣
Ͼڹʵʵ̫ˣôõУǲûзչΪûԴԽԽƣȥĻҪԼȫˡ
Ϊ֮ǰŻ̲סӵС֣ʵǿǿСжźܶǿߣҲ̫ǿжԸֻЭ໥á
壬ҪᣬҵķչܲܳɹѾûκѡˡ
ͷ壬ٶ໥һʾ伫Ϊ״̬
ɿڣһҪǽö൱Ϊѣö᲻ֱӽˣ
ܿ죬ˣȽöͽöɣϻϰö̰޵ģֻҪϻͲô
ͬˡ
С鴫
ţҪöʺʯĵһ޾似ʲô޾似Լˡ
˵ͷЦ˵
ʥһԿףҲûʲôоԼʲôݶ֪ôȥ飿
Ȼƾ˻ôҲǻõôģʣôҲʲôΣοھĽڣӵоƿȨ
Ҫ󣬹岢δƴˣֱӽöͨճ͹
ö֮Уöָ֣ƲʺʯĵѾ̸еزˣԷҲøּۻۣ˵ЩûκãܹȡѾõ޶ȵˡ
ʺʯкɫɫɫͰɫɫֱƳֲͬĵҩֵҩȫ޾ҩҩЧԪ徵ǲ֪ܷƳ޾ҩ
Ȳ鿴һö򣬷мصĶǳϣƳĳƷҩġжûмأɼǶôϵĶˡ
öʯ֮УɫʯƳ޾ġ˼ѪҩЧ۳˼ѪƽԴѪսʱӳܹǿһĻ
ң˼ѪǿģʱֻܴһѪѪʱ򣬱Ļͻǿһ
˼ѪȫĻսʱԱ˱ĻΪ£˼Ѫ˱ȽأǿĻð˼Ѫȫ˵ƴַˡ
壬ַùŵǿȣ¶޷ܰ˼Ѫȫĸ
˵һöҩ˼Ѫ˵һһԱܹһֶΣЧǳ⣬Ϊ˲ŻԵ
˼Ѫκ嶼ܹȥ塢壡Ҳܹ˼Ѫǿǻ
ⵤԹ˵ûʲôãΪʺʯΪѵãƾ΢ĩܵõʺʯ
ָҪʺʯĵһ㣬彫²϶вʺʯġ
ڹ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôõϢܽǵҲ޷ںĽеõô
¿ȥ
ɫʯư˼Ѫ˼ѪɫʯҲֱܹƳƵ޾ҩ
УɫʯܹƳħеЧǿ밵Ӱĵϳ̶ȣЧǳԣõ͵ҩڰӰĵϵҩ֮УħеǼߣΪһ֡
밵Ӱģϵ˵ʮһǸһĻܴﵽʮϣ
ĵʮϣϼޣʹ˵ﵽ̶ȷǳѣ۶ǻѺܳʱմﵽģĵʮ֮󣬽һʱ䣬ʱ䣬ǻʲôԿ϶ǣ϶øǿ


1073 ս
˺ɫİ˼Ѫͺɫħе֮⣬ɫͰɫɫĲʺʯ
ɫĲʺʯƳ޾ĵҩеħеӦЧǷúռĵϳ̶ȡ
ڵ˵ͬãΪġϿģǿռԵռĸ֮ʩչֶεЧҲ
ֱ۵ı仯մԽľ뽫ܶ࣬⣬ϿվɱɱǿһϿʥȪս໥ϡ
󣬰ɫĲʺʯƳ޾ġʥ쵤һö˵ҩҩ֮޾Ĺ᲻޸ߵ
ʥ쵤֮ٿԱ֤һʱ֮ڶǲ״̬Ȼ̫ǿĹǾûа취ˣʥ쵤Ȳ
ʥ쵤ʱһʱһʱ֮ڣùܵκ˶ָܻͬѪطЧ࣬ȲѪҪ࣬Ϊʥ쵤֮󣬻һʥܶ
ɫĲʺʯ䲻ͬĹЧǳ޾ҩЧΪ£ÿһöǴ֮
һöŵƲϣֲٲڶûУȻѾҪĲʺʯȴһûУھĽڣǲܴڵˡ
ЩģֵҲǲƣҿºŪЩƣ޾ҩҲƲöҩֻȥ彮򣬿ܲЩˡ
Ȼһһöмŵһ޾似δ涨ù彫ʲô޾似֣ƺ
ԣöУŵһкǿ޾似Ϊս塱Ȼһ似
ս壬սвϴԼ似޾似ûмޣ
Ϲ似Ȼ
̲̾סͿһеݡ
ս壬ʣǱģмصǺܼ򵥣ֻҪǿս似ҪõľȻ˽սԽǲҵսԽ죬ѹһٶȽƽʱʮ
սֻҪСɣԶһսϻ壬ǿҽ߾֮󣬻ܶսȥ֣ȵȡ
޾似Ҫ˽أ׼䴫ڸпεˡ
Ȼڡ
ſսöϹ⴫׼ԼϣսС֮󣬱Խս嵽Сɵˡ
ս壬似û취ڿʱҪΨͨս
û취ˡ
ö֮󣬱˵ͷСʾˣǽɣУλ壬͵ٽɡ
Ȼ߶ӡǣĽ֮ڸǰ۳һͨ⴫ͨԴ͵Ľڡ
尲ŵĵص㣬·һƬ֮УùЩĽȥĽ֮ûоסĵط
Ȼͬ⣬ϾףǺ;Ľеԭססһģֻҵط档
ǵ˼
ıӻж൱ʽʼˣڹָ£һȺȺ壬ԵĹžĽڰǨȥ
ھĽڣŸƬգһƬȽϹĿռϣǿռڵķΧźƬŴż࣬㹻ȥˡ
Ҫ뿪Ƭռ䣬ǰĽطˡ
⵱Ȼνڹ˵ҪҸȫĵط棬ϹΪǣƵ£öǲ
˵һĻǸûطȥվᱻ֮ǿ߽ɱ塣
İǨжҵʱ䣬ʮ壬ȫ뵽˾Ľڣʼµ
ǵ۾εĹ壬ȷǹ֮ǿһˣȺֻҪɳĻжǵ۾ǵ۾ε磬ࡢ޶ǲͬǸսʿ
ԵģȻƽʵǿ֮ҪѶȣȴҲ壬壬꣬ڴǵ۾ǵ۾̼Ϊѡ
㹻ԴṩҲֻкٲֱȽ츳Ĺ壬ܹؾĲΡ
˵ڣȺûԴȫֻǸոճĶǵ۾ǵ۾Ρ
֪֣Ϊ޷ȫʮ˸ǱҪ֮ǰɱͷǵ۾ǿ塣
޷ȫΪеĲһ⣬޷ȴشҲû֪ܵ𰸡
˫ϾֻǻõĹϵ롰ѡ룬ڽݷΧ֮ĶԷ˵
ҲΪ⣬ӣڹ˵һ¹ȺĴܣԷҲ
ڴУÿǺ֮Уڲ֮ԴǺ֮еǴЩ֮Դе
޷ﾫ񲨶СнܣȻתǺӹż֮һƬţΪе֮ԴѾƻˣǹ廹Ǳһ֮ԴȻҪߣ罫䳹ƻˣ֮ԴУвȥ֮󣬿һеıԴģҹġ
֮ǰ̸õ޷Ը˵ôࡣ
֮Դܾ֮ǰ˵ˣֶֻǺвŻڣһÿǺеҪطɭϣƽ˸֮ܿԴ
磬Դģͬô׵顣
Ϊ֮ԴԴĵܶһ߶Ҫͷ­
֮ԴѾܾãڵȻȥرǻܹ򵽱ԴģҹģƺٱøΡ
ȴʱ߲ǹʱ䣬ǾĿҲûгɢûнջ֮ǰ뿪ط
Ҫ֪ڿӵеصĶĵƣ
ǹЩϹ似򣬼ֵδȫȲϾģȻߣ˵Ͳˡ
ԣڵֻԭصȺҲ֪Ҫȴãֻнջ֮Żȥ鿴ҹĵ֮Դ
磬˼Լ֮·
ڣҪ磬ҪʣöԪ徵Ҫ޶ȵöԪ徵ȥѧĵطѧᡣ
˵˵ƿʱղû취ֻܺʥ֮дԣս塣


1074 ֮Դ
²⣬ѧһط֮󣬿ԷⵤҩҩЧ˥Ч
ʵϣҩЧ˥Ч֪ྭԵʣֻҪһЩķԸ쾭õҩȻͲ˥Ч
Ȼԭ֪ӾöһģһԪ徵طӦܹЧ
ʱ޷ȥץס򣬾ֻܺʥд裬ս塣
ϧǣսֻսսԽǸǣٶԽǿ죬ʥдʱ򣬸ûս⣬ս⣬ܹ۲ġ
д֮󣬿ս嶼ûһĽչ
УʥҲĦһսЩͻʺûжԿսĥ
ȥĻﻹкܶ޾似˵ʲôʱ͸ˣ޷Ҳֱ治֡
ʱڣһֱڵǵУΪδջأӣͿҪƬǺӹżУˡ
ĽУ޷ȹҲǷǳǲ֪ڵʲôȴ֪Ҫٲ뿪Ļܻ÷ǳ⡣
޷ɲ룬ҵһӻӻɵľ͸˼ˡ
ȻѾ߹壬ֻ˵ˣĵȺ򣬵ʱһͻ޷ӾĽнгȥѰǺӹżһ֮Դ
ڣʱȥĿɢĲˣŨľ֮Уֳ˾Ӱ
СĿȥһ˾ⶫʵ̫ΣˣֱӽôؾǿߣԼô۾ǿըʬ޴棬ϵսʲôȫʴûжۼ¡
ʬ𼣵ǳףϧ̫ƿˣƾڵܽա
Ϊδ֪ĶŻľԴ
֮оŨľϢϵϢЩȻľģʾľģľҪǿһΡ
˫Ϣ໥Ǻϣûıߣ𽥿˾
ʱľͨɢſ¶ɭȻϢƺ֮ǰȻ˸ҹʾǳˬ
֪ôָоܾƺǴʶʶСʶֻ˵һֱܣֲƵʶ
գ˾ǰûı˿
ھǰСͬһֻϣ֪ڵУŶѹ
ȻСĴ߶ӡǣĽ֮𽥰˾֮ϣһ̣δ⵽ķ
֮Ҳ˼ޣÿνջǺܴ󹤳̣ΪҪ̫֮ˡ
ҲĽ磬ڸʱ䳹ױûа취ֻܽ뵽ĽС
磬ûе֮޷ôһʯװȥ
ܿ죬ڽջص˾Ľ֮У˶˿㶨ˣҪ㲻˵ĻԻǸʧ
ˣȥ֮Դˡ
ߣ޷˳Ȼǰ·
ڵĹ嵱УѾڻˣݾ޷Ĺ壬ȫİʮ޷ǹеǿߡ
壬Ҳв٣ȫǵ۾ΣҲкܶδĹ壬СͨؾֻؾĲΡ
ЩδĹ壬޷뱣Ķ
ɡ
޷ȫٶһ𣬳һȥ·ܺ޷ģֻС飬Ǻܹϵ˫硣
ɴˣ뵽뵽֮ǰ飬ûŪ׵顣
ʥۣɻǵǿʾԵʱ򣬳ֵ׻ǰ
Ȼˣʥһ䡣
׻ʣĿ֮һ嶼ǷǳӴķ棬Ҳ̫Ͼ֮ǰҲû뿪Ľ磬¥ɽЩؾʿ̸۰ˡ
ʥ˵
ǰ˵˵Ҳûˣʥ֪Ҳࡣ
ˣ
ˣʱЩ֣ˣͿʲôϵ׻ʣȻǴνߣֲʵԶԶϵĻʾǿߡ
׻ôͻȻʧˣ
ңôΪʲô
ѲɣΪˡС
ҡҡͷֶһĥҲûģȵ彮һʣؾͻ֪Ϣˡ
ھʥһ𣬸޷Ǻӹżһ֮Դȥ
ڼ䣬ʱСľΧʲô֮˳֣͹һǿɾͲˡ
ھϰٴմԽ֮޷Ǻӹż֮еһŴż⴦żͬǹ޷һȺĹŴżưܣѾʲôˡ
Ҳֻй֪ʵǱжġ
ƬżУйǿĻ֮ˣнʧУֻΧתƣֻй壬ܹ̤Ƭżģһ֮Դڡ
޷˵ûҵĴ죬Ҳǽȥġ
ԭˡ
˵ͷʾס
޷̤뵽ƬżУʱ̶ھŶԷϾŹŴķ˵ԷҪϵľĽ磬Ҳδ֪
ȻڹȫھĽڣ޷ҪǶֵĻ˲佫ȫһŶԷô޴Ŷԡ
޷ʥ۶Ǻ棬˶ûм֮Դء
ƬŴżã࿴Ǿ·ĵط޷ֱӿԽϰʥ۲֪ЩȻ۷ǻγɵĻþ
˽һʱ֮˲ڿĿĵء
ѾƬŴż䣬ûֻй壬Ϣ֮ԴԴҹġ
żģӰ첻ˣչʥǰģһƬΪ׳۵ľֻһƬ룬ȻһΪĿռ䣬ռУһϵһİɫţڻתš
ɫϵţӰĵǱҹĵˣ
ʱһּΪĸо·ط磬ģһУǴ֮Դеһ
ȻǴΪк֮ܶԴÿһ֮Դ˵ĸоӦö֮
ҲͿԽˣΪʲô֮У֮ԴһеԴⲢǵĲ²⣬֮Դĸо


1075 ҹ
޷ǰѰ֮ԴʱǺӹżԵӭһȺ֮ͣǽյȵϢǿߣǲѲСӡ
СӣܹʮˣÿһؾѲ鷽棬߱ǿʵ̽ĿģΪҵĲ֮ء
壬֮ǰĴУôһֱûٳֹڶȻ֣Ȼ߲ע⡣
ʱϢûдǱߣҪ߸㲻ĻǱ߿϶Ҳ
壬ֵ飬ŵ˼ΪҪλϣǲ̽СӣؾĴڣÿһӵмΪǿʵ
ǲ֪֪һȺУǿҲֻǵ۾Ĳεʱ򣬸θ롭
ȻЩǿô֪һˡ
ǺӹżУ˹Ŵż̽ܿ췢һ˿˿ƽʱǿľͨ̽ޣôŵĳ
רҵԱܿͷ˹ļС硣
ǼС磬ɢŴżΧѾû˿ʹ֮ȴȻܸṩϢĳ
⼸СУǷǧͷ壬ȫǶǵ۾ǵ۾εķǶߣҲкüͷ
Щ壬ԸҪעġ
ϾҪǹȫˣһĻģһ·׷ȥĻҲᱻ
ڣǧͷֱӱ̽СӵĽɱ巽Ҳ÷ˡ
ǧͷ壬ƴսȴӱˣΪԵؾǿߣǸûеֿ
ʱʱ䣬ǧͷȫ
ţǿǰǺӹżŴżв̽Ǻӹż֮УŴżǳ࣬ǲŹκһѰ̣ٵûһʱ䣬ܽһƬǺӹżȫ飬ղȷ峹
ڵ޷֮Դ˿֪΢²һ£Ҳ֪ͷʲô֪ʱڣûǲҪ뿪ΪǿײͲˡ
պã֮ԴеҹĲǺŨˣҹҲҪ뿪ط֮Դеҹģ㹻ϰ˳ˣɴá
޷˵
˵ͷҾͲˣҵСУв츳ˣ밵Ӱ൱ϣҹģ˵ǳá
ҵ֮ԴǿʵаⱾԴҹģ򵽵γ̶ü
Ҫǳҹģ;ƿʩչһЩλסλ׶оټ
ھĽУѡϰ츳ţҪڱѩ۹ѡԭĵľӢ
ЩţǶҹģϣǽһ̶ܹ֮˾Ԫסǿߣûҹ٣
ȻжܹͲұ֤ˣҹ֮Դṩˣܷ㹻ĶÿԼ
ϰУоϦ衢һ濺ջīˣĸֱõ˾ʹĴУƿŵǿһս
ĸ֮⣬ҪħۣڰӰĵҲѾﵽ˵ڰ˼ĲΣ൱˲ˣҹĵ򣬱κ˶ҪЩ
Ȼ˭ҹĵٶȣȻǱȲģҪ֪Ѿ밵ӰĴﵽ˵ʮһϣһܴﵽ۷壡
Ҫ޶ȵıܿͷǿߵֻ̽ܽҹĳУ̴Ҫʱ䡭
ţȻ뵽רע֮С
ҹģΪԴģЧǳˣ٣ǵ۾޷߶ҹĻƾصľƿطҲѽ䷢֡
ȻֻΪֻƿطذˣһ㣬ܽڰأҪŨھĽеľȫ㹻
֮ǰҪǹһԼ磬û̫ĽչȥصĽĻ϶Ҫעһ¶Ծƿصˡ
⣬֮طҲѾӵ˵غ͵صģȴֻأпյĻǵúúһ¾֮壬طںܶ¶ܷЧи
̬£ʼҹ
ʥǻص˾ĽУʼھݺƽн밵Ӱȫϣҹĵġ
޷֮󣬾ͱͻص˾ĽУľۼȥˣȻʱΣյĶԼߵġ
ʱĹ廷Уˣ֪ĿĹͬ϶ѾȫˣΪЩܹͬӲдСȥ
ڴˣЩд磬֮ͬվǿʳģܸ壬䵽زǸһıˡ

ǿǺӹżʱԶ彮֮УǺڷһޱ䡣
ĽΪʧܣ¾Ϻ¥ɽ֮佻񣬺ò׻ص˾Ǻӵ⵽Ծϸһָ
ΪһʥŮݵλӹɣټֲ츳ƽû˸Ҷ˵ʲô
ڣֳʵ̫¥ɽǺһʱ֮򣬾ΪһĽ硭
οĽ绹ûĽƿߣ֪
úܶĲڴʱͬʱкܶҪȥȡʥŮĵλ
ܶһȻΪվǾеʥŮѹЩ
գȴǾʥŮˣ
˵һʥŮڣھУһǼΪҪݣڣȴʥŮԾ˵һ޴Ĵ
вپеĲܿ˲µʥŮѡһʥŮ֮λľȴûйϵˡ
ܾǾʥŮҲԭģҪǵ͹Ӱˣò׻صϵʱٵľȻһƬָ֮ȫʧܵж
˴жɹĻнκָھϵһµĸ߶ȡ
˵Ծ൱ʧ˶þĽع飬жʧܵʱȴָӦýж
ɵÿЦ


1076 ʥŮ
ϵ뿪ͷΪʥŮҲкܶʵ׷ߡ
ҪģǹӰЩؾǿߣ˾Ԫ׺͵λףҲλ׵ľ磬ܹϰؾǿߡ
ӰлвٴףҪ׷ûдӦֻǴ˾Ԫ׺͵ϰˣʲô˶ûо£Ȼ뿪˾Ǻӡ
뿪Ǻ֮ҪĿĵر¥ɽǺӡ
¥ɽǺӣʦֺʦ׼Ѱ֮ǰȻҪ¥ɽǺӵѣº¥ɽϵв鷳
˾Ԫ׺͵˵
˾Ԫ׺͵ɣĳߣҲʮֵ⣬Һǽġ
ɺ޺޵׷ˣУȺ˵ʵ̫ɶҪ˴˼ƳɹĻҲ뷽跨⹦ߣ޳
ˣ֮ǰƬǺУõöƬǱ֪֮ĻҲʹ졣
˾ԪҲǵͷΪȻ˵
Ǻӣ˦ʱ֮֮ĵطƬ޿ռѰ˺ܾãڵõöƺżƬȻöƬ뿪Ƭռ䡣
֮󣬲ŷƬռһǺӣȻ彮ڣǺ¥ɽǺ֮Уһϣƽʱκ벻֮£ȻҵõöƬ
˵ƬҲǷǳĶˣ˵ܴвһЩʲôȻҲʲôòһжÿˡ
¥ɽϵĴףԴһķԱøֻǿϧĽ磬ֱʱ֮ʧˡ
ڵľϣѾ֮ǰľˣʷأմӾĽڳʱǾĲŽһģܹдƴֱڶӵһǺӣ˹Ľ򡭡
˵ţҡҡͷӳʼѡΪʥŮҲΪĳЩˡ
һֱ̫ĹĶǣ鵱뿪ͷ
ò˵츳뿪˾ϣǾϵһʧЩˣæΪʥŮλȨأſǲߵ
Ȼ뿪ʱھȻûʲô˷֡
ܿ죬˾Ԫ׺͵ɵˣһ뵽¥ɽǺӾڣ׼ȥѰҵ̷뵶죬гˡ
Կ϶ڿ϶ţϾʱֻ֮ǽĽ˦գ޷Ľ糹ƻֻȫܲʲôط
֮䣬׻е΢ϵģڣȴȫܲеϢҪô˫̫ԶҪôдһθ֪ĵط
ĵطмΪҲ²ⲻһƬ֮С
ֻҪţǾĽϣ¥ɽϵ֪Ļ»̷͵죬Լв¥ɽǺӵ˻֪ϸڣȽ˸
˾Ԫ׺͵˵
飬ɣǹӰȥˣȺɡ
˾Ԫ׹˵
һȥɣóʲôӣ黹սپΪ
ȴҡҡͷҪһжɲʱʲô⡣
֣̤뵽¥ɽǺӵĽ֮Уʩչռĵϳ¥ɽǺ֮ȥ

ʱȻ֪˵
ٶȥҹģⱾԴģѶȶ˵㲻ʲôΪѾ౾Դģ밵Ӱϳ̶ȴﵽ˵ʮһһаӰĶǳ졣
ʮʱ䣬ʹ֮Դյ㹻ڵҹ˰ٷ֮һٵĳ̶ȣ
Ҳ˵ʮʱ䣬ͰѱԴҹĳٶȣǱľתٶȶҪöࡣ
밵ӰϴﵽʮһɲģӰķ棬ЧΪ
ʮʱȥȫҹģ΢Ͼƿʩչһ£ͷԼһ˵ԭλײε߾ܷĻôڣҪλ׵߲ܷټ
ȻЩرó̽ߣܻȽУر׷ҲԲס
οûʲôֱӾͻص˾ĽУʼǱط׼ƿһͻơ
ƿؾͽӽڰصľ磬ھĽ˾У˵طļûᡣ
ھݵĵһٲ㣬Ļٶȴﵽƽʱһ򱶣һУҲֻʮͬʱľͻᳬꡣ
ڣݵһٲУʮˣֱ֡ܰš𣬻йɡɽ˪㺰ˡ
ھݵĵھʮŲ㣬ٶҲﵽǧ˰ٱϲҲٲ˶٣ؼܹɵ˱Ƚ϶࣬ѩ۹ˣҲۼڵھʮŲС
صݣȻֱӵ˵һٲУûдŵˣԹԿʼ
֮ǰµĻۣöԪ徵㹻ֻ죬ڳɹĽƿһطͻƵ˵ڰصĲΣ
طǾأƿͻƵ˵ڰأ۷ֻһ֮ңƿصЧһηɱ䡣
ڣƿҹģﵽλ׵ľ磬ǲܲҵĴˣңǵ۾ǵ۾εߣΧҹεֶΣҲܹ׵ķǡ
ɱ䣬طܹӰһսʽֶΣһط£սеĳһռݵԵơ
뵽ǰЩ¥ɽ󲿵ߣ˲ѪطЩߣûһѪﵽصģɼطѶȾǳߵġ
ؼǣط˵֮󣬽һƿƿԼЩؾǿؼء
˵ƿصʱƿڣʶƿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣֱӾͿƿƿ˵ڰء
ɹ֮뿪˾Ľ磬֮Դ鿴һϦ衢ǣԱԴҹĵ򣬲ǷǳѸ٣ŻҪһʱ䣬ܹɣƬ֮ԴҲҪһµʱŻݽߡ
չ޷˵Ҫ뿪ˣ֮Դ֮ǰȫĹˣȻҲǰװ˷ѡ
ɳϰһҹĵ£֮ԴеĵķǳѸ٣ɴ뵽ƽʱЩǺ֮бر֮Դûô׽ȥضмΪϸơ
ܹҹĵ֮Դ˵Ǽ˸ˡ


1077 ħ֮
һ˾ȫҹģҪʱ䣬ʣµʱһЩ
ھȶǿԺúһˣȥһʱ䣬ӦܹһЩջɡ
Ҫܶ࣬һֱûʱ䣬ںòһ¿УܹӾջһЩˡ
뽫֮أֻϧҪ̫ʱ䣬ȥһ¿ʱ䣬һֱھݵĵһٲУҲǲ
ȻԽĽеȫԼ֮壬һĽ൱ǰݽߣ˵û̫ô
пܵĻ뵽彮֮취ܲ޲һ¾ĽأǰĻͺܲˡ
ԣһ¾
ھĽУһ֮ɢ֮ǰĸʱȥѾСĽ磬ٹ߰˸ʱ䣬ͻӵ硣
Ǳ˾ȽϽĵط͹ڵ롣
ǰɭȻϢеʾΪ֮
ܹʾĵĻʵһΣܹԽһ磬սʤ֡
ڵƾʵĻܹԸǵ۾ѾǼˣȻǿؾܺɱȻֶƽʱȻǲܶõġ
ϧҪʾģٵðѾ򵽺;۲ĲβаɣڣŲ˾۵İٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣеõ˾֮ˡ
˼ʼ
յڣٶȲ죬ľ֮建˿ģǴӾϴϢ
ЩϢɭȻԵùϣ·ǴϹʱģ̺ѶԴȪֻϧڵֻܸܵеһ˿һ
ۺ۴򵽵ģֱֶܹط֮壻طʾġڣ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣô˵Ҳܹ֪еĵڶˡ
оӡǵİѸٶԾ򣬴ﵽ֮ǰ۵̶ȣƣҪǻԼĻҪﵽ̶ȣҪʱɡ
һʱ䣬ҴҶн˾֮طĵءڰغ͵ھ
ţڵΪؼĻڣ֪۴Ӿ򵽵һطʲô
۱ʽطоƿزǴӾеӾеõط֮һǾ֮壬һ֪ʲôȴ²ӦǺͷõҩûҩЧЧйء
ʱûʱȥ֮壬ǣȴӾмȥ˷׷˶ҹʱҲȡͻơ
ħ֮ģ
ܿˣطħ֮ĵһص
ħ֮ģǾĵطҲǾ۴ûи߹˵ط
ħ֮ģȻǿڶ࣬Լ꣬൱˵ڶ
ħ֮ĵĵһУ͵֪ħ֮ĵЧһּΪط
ħ֮ģԼھͻֵڶ࣬ħ֮ĵЧҲԽԽõ
ֻҪɹ˵һصħ֮ģͿԽħ֮ģٶȺܿ죬ֻҪħ֮ĲͲ
ңͲѪͬǣħ֮ĽҪֱգѪҪԼѪ
򵥵˵ѪźܴƣʱںΣħ֮ľͲһˣֻҪħ֮ڵĿռкܹƵ
ƺħ֮ģȴǼΪ˵ٶȲֶܽˣٴħ֮ģҲ㲻ʲô¡Ҫսʵ̫ˣ
΢Щʧô˵һֶָΣǿޱȣħ֮ģټϿսĻ൱ıϡ
ħ֮ģط죬ֻ֪ħ֮ڶֻʲôЧ
ûʱȥоˣΪҲڽҹȫˣ֮Դ̺Ͳˣڱϰȫڳ׿ݽˡ
о֮ԴУƺȻԴԴϵĵǵٶȴ죬Ǵô֮Դʮ¾ȫˡ
֮Դѵʮֻ꣬һ̤룬еġ
оҲ̫Щ
޷ŸֻǴ˴֮ԴΪǺӹżһ֮Դû֮ԴĻָú
һƬǺ֮Уͬʱʮ֮ԴôЩ֮Դеָٶȣʮ
Ǻ֮дڶʮ֮ԴôָٶȶӶʮΪˣУ֮ŻֹᷢսΪ̡
ʮٶȵĻҲǺܿ죬ÿÿ֮ԴҲֻṩʮȫĵġ
Щȡ
ÿʮߣٰԴ綼ǷǳĴڣ
ʵϣȴô٣Ϊ¥ɽϵЩǿߣÿһ˱ԴģҪÿÿ֮ԴֻжʮĻ̫Եϡ
ɵѽ
ʥҲˣЦһЦ֮Դеǲ࣬˭涨ĵľһҪȫ뿪ֻҪٷ֮һĳ̶ȣٳͨľ˰
һʱԴ԰ôôˡ
ʵȷˣһ˵֮Դȷޣȴûеÿֻжʮôŵĳ̶ȡ
ʥ˵ģÿ֮Դߣֻٷ֮һǧ֮һıԴģ֮ͨתľķʽԸĵܹ޶ȵĽʡ֮Դġ
һÿ֮ԴÿҲǳǧģʥУÿ̤ۻýҪܶࡣ
һƬǺӵߣǵж˰ÿ֮ԴÿһÿҲͲһǧҪȡ϶Ǻѵġ
Щп
ȻûĸǺдȴҲ²óÿһƬǺУڵؾǿߺֹ
ЩС磬ƾĽС磬ʮжߣ붼˾ÿ¡
е磬ϰݶ٣Ӽң


1078 뿪ż
һҲȻˣȥǺӣҪõ֮Դûôס
һֻһҹģƺе
룬תһ룬Ͽľ嶼ˣȻЩ޳ѨлһЩ϶ôҹġ
ҹĵһˣȫеľӢпܰģ
ˣҲûҪȥˣû̫İֻҪΪЩṩѾ㹻ˡ
֮Դ뿪֮ǰǳ׻ɣϾ󲻻˱ˣ糹׻֮Դ
޷һ˼
ѵΪ֮Դɲ֪Ҫνݻ٣Ȼ˼ҲҪݻ֮ԴΪһ˷ֵĻܻݳһЩʲôǲ
Ҫܴݻ֮Դ
ѯ޷
ǹͺãǿԲ¹ͷ󣬳״ݻ֮ԴҴݻǴڵκκۼ˼ǷҲ޷֮ͨݳǵĴڡ
޷ʾ
ͷӦˣȻ޷ʼѡˣǵ۾Ĺ壬Ƕߣܹǧͷ壬޷ӾĽѡ˳һ¹
ЩʲôΪ廹ھĽУ
ʱ䣬޷ǧͷ壬ڲ˹Ȼ޷һ԰׹ݸ
ȽСУֻҪҹע뵽԰׹Уܴ߶ǹ󣬳׽֮Դ𣡲̫ⷨ޴뿪֮⣬ܹ߶󡣡
޷˵
ⷨԶڶԶĵطд߶
һ䡣
ڰ֮⣬Խյ֮ڵ
޷ش
ұڰ֮߶ˡ
ʼսԼأ֮⣬µʱַ̫ǿҲܹ취ܿǷܡ
޷Ĵ£ܿ뿪ƬŴż棬ط֮ԴѾʮԶǾò
Ϊ֮ԴݻٵĻ䶯ضǳעĿǿƬǺӹżѰʲô϶ע⵽
Ϊ˲ǿ߷κζߣøԶһЩ
뿪ǹŴżеĻ󣬱㽫޷ȫ뵽˾ĽУȻ߶ҹģʩչƿأ޶ԼϢԼϾĽ֮Ϣ
Կ϶е۾εĴڣܷټѰλסλףҪûôס
Ȼ˾Ŵż֮ĵطȻֳǸ԰׹ԽҹУ߶
ܿ죬͸ܵӲ԰׹Уһ˿ϢӳѸٴﵽƬ֮ԴڵĿռУţһȻ֮Դ򱬷
Ǹ˰ľ룬ܸܵǷǿĲ£͹˴ڹϢһкۼضᱻĨ֮Դûб׻Ǿͺû̫ϵˡ
Ȼ޷˵ԻǾǳ׻˰ɣ֮ԴȻڣҲûʲôӰ죬֮Ѿݲҵˡ
ûԭ̫ͣãǹ󱬷γɵâ͸ȥˡ
̻˭û
ڿǱҪȡʱʱɲ̫ͣã
ܿͷ֣Լ뿪ǸǵѡΪϢڳԶǰʱ򣬽˺üؾǿߣѸپ
Щǿߣλ׵ĲΣֻһλףȫûܹܵϢ
һмֶι죬һҲΪǶԶǷը˾עû˼ȥעˡ
ȥ·̣زʲôΣˣ˶֮Դ֮
ţм֮ǰ˵彮ѸٸϹȥ
⽫һκܳ;һֱմԽֶΣҲҪһʱܹ뿪ƬǺӹżķΧ
ȻҪ彮ٻµʱ䣬дǺ֮޾գҲ൱ңԶ
Ļʱܹ֮彮ΧǺӣֻдǺӣղܵڵǺӡ
֮󣬾Ľһʱ޿϶Ѿȥ仰˵´ټʱ򣬾Ľڵ磬Ѿˡ
߸ʱ䣬Ҫʱ̤֮ؾƺЩˡ
Դ˻Ϊʧģʱ޷̤ؾĻֻܽתƵԼ
УȻ˶޷޷ǰ壬Ҳ֪᲻ʲô
Ȼһжʱģ˵޷ζʲô
ζǵᶪʧһжûҡ
ƫƫڸ·ʱûʲôʱܹģΪ˾쵽彮ͬһط̫ͣãпܱǿ׷鵽һЩ˿
£ȹȥ˵ȵ彮Ӧʱٵǵ۾ľ硣
żƻϳǺӹż֮롣

һº
պ뿪ƬǺӹżʱҲʱԶ彮ڸӦһ˿֮ϵ
֪ǵģֻܸܵеĴڣС鲢ܸӦΪƵģһЩĲϣôԶܵõ
ҸܵˣУȻ彮ǱߣӦǸոմƬǺӹżг
˵
ԭ彮֮ķֽߣƬǺӹżһƬţκϢֲ֮ǰܲ
˾Ԫ׹ĸ󣬳˵
ô˵ʦĻû
˾Ԫԣһźɫ꣬϶ʱ¶ϲɫ˾ȻڳµĴʦ̷֣
̷ӣɫĳ磬һɱϢΪõϢɱϢЩ
죬վ̷ԣҲϢЩϲ
϶ûֻǱռ˦ƬǺӹżȥˡ
Ҳ˿²ûȴվֻǲ²⣬˵Ľ粻ڿռбܻ𣬵˭֪˦ռ֮󵽴ʲôط
磬ʵ̫Ҫʲôǿ壬ƾΪضֻ·һ
ھͶǰ彮ɣλһ𡣡
ڶӰؾʿкһȻֱûյУ˵Σһ˲仯Ī⣬彮ȥ
ǵǰٶȣȻҪö࣬Ҫ¥ɽǺӸϵ彮֮УҲúüµʱ䡭


1079 Ǻ
Ȼ֪ڴңԶ彮
㻨µʱ䣬ڴǺӹż߳ңңһƬǺӳǰյУǳޱ׳ۣ
뿪ǺӹżʱͷǺӹż֮ȴһƬźͺڰȫһݼ֮أԶԶȥ뵽ﾹȻһǺӣڶֻʣ˷Ƭ
ڳǰǺǲͬ
Ǻӣ彮֮һǺӣУǺռ벿ֵҰһƬޱ貵ǺӣŵУԵޱҫۡ
Ǻ֮Уǧ򣬵֮
⻹ͷһμеǺӣʱЩ𾪣žǺԽԽǺӸҲԽԽǿҡ
ֱڣǺ֮еߣ棬ģһ֪ܿͻǰǺ֮һˡ
λСֵܣǴ彮ߣ
𽥿ǺӵʱһߵӸ֮дĶ
ţһ۵Ӱ࣬ϢͬӰһ㣬һ
һֱ˴˴ûзɾ裬ʼϢڣȴܵĴڣ˲ߣɼԶ
ĵ׷Щͷʱֻܹ˵λǰǴ彮򣬾Ϲߣ֪ǰǣ
ʻ֮в˵Ļ൱ˡ
ǻȫȫû˿Ϣ¶ֻǺͰЦſһۣȻش˭Ҫֻ彮߽һͨ߰ˡ˳㣬Ը֮ȡһЩ·ѣСֵܣҪǺӣٻҪʱ䣬ֻҪǧöң̾ͿԽ㴫͵Ǻ֮Уһɱϣʡȥʱ䣡
Ȼ彮򣬿ûңûϵͷҲңɾ͡
ǿߵģһ̣
ڻ֪ǧöҵĹΣȻһöңܾܲô׵ĸԷһɣ
ܽʡʱ䣬˵ǺҪƾ˿Ǵ򶯲ء
һѣϵǧöңܽʡʱ䣬ãڶ彮Ǻûһ˽⣬ǰܷ΢һ
ͷͦ˵ģӹѯ˳
ô˵ͷʱˣǧöҵ֣ǰСҪģǹǺӵһܰˣԻ˵Ȼû˿Ѷȡ
ȿȣ彮ǲµĴڣСֵ򲻿ɵ͹ǡ
ߺͰЦţʼ
ߵĻУеһȽ϶˽⣬ԭҪ˵Դˣ嶼ûκ˽⡣
ǰӴģˣҲֻ¥ɽǻ˺ˣܶݣԷҲûʱΪܸ࣬ŵˣȴʲô֪
ڣͦ˵ǰΪܽ˲ٶ
彮֮УܹжʮǺӣÿһǺӵУǺУǧ
ν򣬾ָĳ֮Դ֮ܵԴӰ죬ڲԴԴϵ
ȻÿһǺӵУǧܶ򶼲ϵ֮Ķ൱ϡϺ
ǺУǧ򣬱ǺΪĵط
Ǻӵǧ֮䣬ΪһǸո˵ɱˡ
ɱǣǺӱԵһ򣬸һɱ֮Դɱϵƿš
ɱϣפʮײεĳǿߣǺ֮ۺʵǿ֮һ
߽ܵʱ¥ɽе󲿡
֮ǰ֪ܹʮײεǿߣɱϵǿ˶١
ɱϵʮףͳɱǣ˳Ÿϰٿһ壬Ϊɱ塱
ɱ壬ǺеһҪɲ֣ڹϵǺӵشϣкܴķȨ
˵ĻɱĹģƣǺӣǺ¥ɽʵ£ɡ
˽У̬ԭΪһϵϵȫͬˡ
֪СֵܵĿںδ
߽ô֮󣬱һ䡣
˼ûʲôĿģֻǹ彮һȻλǺӣǰɷ֪βǰǺӣ
Ǻӡ
۾ЦһЦ򵥣ֻҪ㹻ңɾܵˡǺеĴϣʱӡǴֻҪ㹻ңͨʱӡǴһ·ǰǺӡ
ȻʱӡǴҲһԴ͵ǺӣԴɱǳȴ͵ĴеһţҲǣȻԴתǺȥ
ʱӡǴ
ǵһ˵ȴǲѯʣϾߵУǴ彮ģʱӡǴ彮ҲǴڵġ
ѯʵĻߵġ
õģлλǰˣǧңǰ˵ֱӽҴ͵ɱǸ𣿡
ȡǧöʵ
Ȼ͵Ϊǲģͷֻܽ㴫͵ɱһǧﴦȻԼɹȥͿˣȻҪ̤ɱǣýһʷãżöҰɡ
ߵǽ൱ϸϾҲˡ
Ǿ鷳ǰˡ
ЦŶ˵
ʡʱĻ϶˷ʱ䣬رڶ˵ʱǳ뾡磬ܹõĽĽҵ⡣
һСɢκᱻ꣬Ϊʬ⣬ɲʬ硣
֮ǰϵ˶תߣѡԼСˣȴҪ̤ؾĲΡ
ڵҪʱڳΪؾߣѶѾǳˣڲܵĳ̶ȡ
Ψһڴģܹõ㹻Ĵ֮ϾûƿģֻҪõ㹻̺֮ıܹѸ磡
۾εĲ֮ͬûκһˣܹȵΪٶȣ


1080 ɱ֮
һռ˸ǰһ㱻ߴ͵֮ĵطξ룬ԼմԽҲһµʱܵ
ͷǴ׼ĴڣĴڣȴ˵Լֻ彮ͨߡ
кͷʵԷǳֲ˵彮Ե֮⣬ȫߵĻôǱڰеʵ𾪡
Ҳԣ˴ΧһƬܹʮǺӣԵ֮ûػĻױֶæңشʧ
ͷֲ彮֮вŻǱȽƽ͵ľ
Ⱥ壬ԼдǺӹżеĹ֮⣬û壬Ҳ֪оŶǺӵ̡
Ǻߣǿ彮ǱȽϰȫĵشˣ彮һߣսطǳң֮սûκһ
Դ⣬ӹ³֪֮սһʧܣͻսУȻ˻Եʲô֮ġ
ڣȻԶԶﲻ̤սĳ̶ȣ彮֮УҵڣȻúһá
һ飬ʼ۲ǰ
͵֮⣬ǰǧﴦȻһѪɫѪɫǳȻΣȴԴﵽһٱҪ໹Ҫࡣ
ǺӵĴ֮һ
̲סпǴǧ֮⣬ܸܵǿѪɫϴɱϢ
ɱǣǺУɱ
ɱǸ鲼ϰٿЩСɱǵȻû취ȵġ
һƬϰٿ򣬶Χһ֮Դתţ֮Դɱǵϰٿ˵൱̫ĵλ
ԶԶҲ֮ܿԴĹԣǹȴѪȵĺɫΪɱ֮Դš
ɱ壬ɱ𣬳Ϊ彮֮еǿ壬ÿһͷɱޣսǼǿᣬԽƽͬĶֺܶࡣ
ȥĿ꣬ɱϣ׬㹻ңȻͨʱӡǴֱӴ͵һϡ
ǻ˵ĻŷϾԷûκαҪƭ
ɱǺǣǺӵĴ֮һǵĹģɱǵġ
ɱǣǿ˵ǺӵһͷˣȻֱܹӴ͵ڵǺӡ
ͨͣҪƾմԽеĻ˵һˣǹʮ꣬¶ǺӣΪ໥ʵ̫Զˡ
ɱǵǣǺӣ⿿մԽٵʱܿԽ
ǲ֪ҪɱǿԽǣҪҲУƾʣµǧöңǿ϶ˡ
ţЩ꣬۵ʲôطǮվҪĶ֮һûǮң޷ͨУҲֻȵɱϿ̽һȡ
ɱǷʩչմԽһʮĿԽҲܿܵɱϡ
ھɱĵطһۿķϵסȥ·޷Խռ䵽ɱǸĵط
ţɫ׵޴ӲԶ֣ڴ˹
ɱصأҪͨУţҽöң
ɫ׵ޣȫǵ۾ĲΣʵ̫ǿȴܵɱǷϸԴĳɫޡ
ﶯֵĻˣֻ·һ
ҽɽ彮鷳λи㡣
Ȼ֪彮ҪԣԲδԥֱӱȡһǧöһö˹ȥ
ɫ׵ޣرɱ֮ˣɱأҴһַǳѪȵϢһ˿»᲻̫˵ȴ㲻ʲô
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˵˵
ɫ׵޶ġ¡ǳ⣬Ǳܹȡöңд󲿷Ҫɸϲġ
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פɱ⣬ֲȻ㲻ʲô̫⣬ȫϣҪ׬Ƚ϶ҾͲ̫ˣ죬޺ϲá
߰߰ɣɽǰɣǱģɱǿɱңһɾã彮Եһұץǻᱻطģмǡ
ɫ׵ޣһ䡣
лλ
Цŵ˵ͷȻ˴£ǲ͸ķϣʽɱˡ
ǳǰĻǿȥɱǵУɱǹһ䣬ԴҪ棬ɱӦоС
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ȻǵͷӦǣȻ룬ɱǣһ־ɱˣܹͨǵʱӡǴӦþǱɱаɣ
ûж룬ֱӱ㳯ɱϿ
ҪӽɱǱʱһȻһ־ΥϤоǻصǰ
֪Ĵ㣬Լ֮ǰϵĴǲһġ
ɱ֮ı־
֮ԴԽԽŨ̺Ũһ̺Ŵ֮ıӦ˶
֮ͬԴڣһ֣ǻḽĳЩ֮ϣԭͨĶڸ˴֮󣬶ɼֵǵı
һ̤ؾûʲôˣҪ磬˴֮ıʣµһħʯֱ౦м߶˵Ʒ֡
ڣԴ֮˽ҲֻЩйش֮Ʒͼֵ֣ûκ˽⡣
ɱǣϣܾ׬ңȥǡ
˼ٵɱǵıϣȳǰһƬĮƬĮһĳС
ûȤǰУɲ֪ɱ׼֮Уȥһ
֮󣬷һͨĳУоסľɱ壬ɱޣ㳤øƣȴȫͨɫСԴŨɱ
ңɱԽŨ츳ԽǿʸԴɱġ
ɱģǿսԵģɱ֮Уӵ˼¡
ϾɱǺӵĴ֮һĮеĳȻƫԶлвߣҲв٣ҲͷˣطֻԼһ壬ԼԵ̫ۡ


ʮһ 彮


1081 Ѫɳ
һ֮ѯɱǵصɱ壬ɱɱǡ
ɱǣռطΧɱϵʥǣҪӴٱֹλãһͨѪɫĽв͸ɱɱĻ幬ɱǸϰٿУΪΰĽû֮һ
ɱǿɲġ
ɱУ塢߻ӣȴԵûңΪɱأ˭ط£
˭Ҫɱ£ǲˡ
ɱ֮⣬ɱУˣɱǵĽֵߣܼʮָؾǿߣҲؾʿȻҲͨؾֻؾߡ
ȻɱУЩͨؾؾߣʲôˣȥһЩ¥߶һҪȻҲǲ࣬Ƚϵ͵ģֻͲСӡ
ɱй죬ϵҲ඼ˣҪڴϢϣԼҰȫĵطϢ˲ҡ
˵һˣǸ˲õϢ滷˸˽⣬ҪϢ
һʱӡǴ󣬹ȻͽɱⲻԶһɽУΪʱӡǴʱᱬǿԲܽڳڣֻܽڳ˼ĵط
ʱӡǴֻ߰˸Ŀĵأ֮һ˵ǣɱͬΪǺӵĴ֮һ
һȻǺӹżУΪ彮ŦʱӡǴǸ󣬽彮򽻽ߵ룬֮Ҳ൱ࡣ
ܹ˸Ŀĵأÿ쿪һΣ˸Ŀĵ
ҪǰǣÿδͶõȴʱ䣬ΪʱӡǴ󣬿ѶȼҪվ޶Դͼ۸Ȼơ
Ҫ͵ǣÿҪɵķòȣΪÿҪĵҲͬշѱ׼ҪǸߵΪ
Դ˵ܹ⡣
ΪԽߵߣСԽǹҪǿߣ϶Ҫĸ
ⷽռ˱ˣֻǸΪշѵĻǵ۾磬ֻҪʮҾͿԼ뵽йˡ
һͨλףӵԼСģһҡ
Ϊһǵ۾εӵ˱˵С磬ӡǵô㣬õ׼ȷشǣԷûСʲôģշѱ׼ϸյľֻѡ
ˣֻҪɱ׬ʮңͿֱӴ͵ȥбȽϺõĻĻһ׬ңͿԵֱ֮ٴ͵Ǻȥˡ
Ҫβ׬ң
Ϊͷ֮ŵõһϢҲõһҪϢ
Ѫɳһɱ彨䶷˵һжĲʵĵطѪɳУѺɱ彮ץ壬ĶУһãͿսĳָ壬սɹɱܹõӦĽȻսɹ񣬽ɵķö˻ѪɳӯֶΡ
õϢˡ
ɱǵĵڶ죬ҵѪɳɱ彨ģɱ䶷
ʱǶһжģΪɱ˶ӣ°˽гǵ鷳
Ѫɳ֮Уӣ塢ʿйĦսϳսЩץǿ壬ԴΪ֡
ɱڵĹ壬ʮڵȡ֣˵ЩѰˣѪɳַǷɽ˺
ߵʲôطܿһѪɫʯʯϿ̻Ѫɳ
һֻۡҪ̤ս䶷һɱѪɳŲͬģɱ壬ѪɳҲԲ׷
ڶϡֻҪսܹնɱĳһͷ壬ѪɳὫĽŸߣʳԡ
򣬵
һ˵ķǳˣκطҵģֻ·һɱϣѪɳʸ˵Ļġ
дңɱʮҲ
Ѫɳս壬ʵս飬սɹܵõʵʺҲˣϻһǧöңȴЩȽٵ忪ʼսˡ
ѪɳڲҪֳɽʮ㣬ֱʺʾ۾۾Լλסλסλս塣
Ѫɳеÿһ䶷ѺŵĶӦ壬սҲһЩϸ΢Ҫ
˵ʾ߿϶ȥս壬ҪȻѪɳͲҪˡ
ֱѪɳĵĲ㣬һУѺŵȫǵ۾壬ÿһͷֱץսսΪֲǳ׺
ھǰʱʶЩѺŵĿֲ
ڵڶ㣬һʾڵǿߣǧö֮ȥսһͷʾڵ塣
ȫͬ⻬棬еǱ壬ɫȴȫͬͬһ˫˫ţֻƤΪ⻬
塣
Ǹ䶷ͷдһƣھ壬⾵ǿߵԴϣû۾٣ֻ⾵еӰΧһС
ʾڵĻޣͷɫľ弤սãһԹۿǶԾսʽЩ˽⣬Ҫĳܹ˵Ĺ
ǻͷ壬۹ƶôͣȴʼ޷ͻͷķձǾץסһᣬһ潣⣬仢屾նƬѪ䶷ںɡ
Ѻ䶷ڵ壬ÿһͷΪ׺ݣҲܱսˡ
ѪɳУÿսʧкܶ࣬Ѫɳһսʧܣܻ뿪аٷ֮ʮս߶䶷Уʮա
ΪˣѪɳÿһͷĽǷǳġ
ǻʾڵľսʿֻҪǧöҾͿսǽսʤȴԵõöң
ʮķر֮ͣսʤЩģȴʮһѪɳΣǱžԵ
Ѻ䶷е壬ȫ֮ͬٮٮߣҪܣ̸ף
ϧǶǵ۾Σȥսʾ壬涨ˣֱֻ˵ĲУѡ۾ε塣
ĲУܹѺǧͷ۾ε壬̤˵Ĳ㣬оպ㶸Ȼͬ
Ϊսߺ嶼ǰǿ࣬ǱˣÿһսǰΧۣѪɳ䶷ϣ⿪˶ľ֣ùս߲롣


1082 Ѫ
ѪɳĵĲ㣬ܵطһɱա
ѪɳĲ㣬ǳֻΣռΪȦǧﳤܹǧ䶷ṩս
ף䶷壬ֻҪһǧöҾͿսˣսɹܹõǧöҵĽΪͣսʤж⽱
ܿҵһȽ壬壬ͬһսʿȴӵǵ۾ʵ
Ѫɳÿһ䶷ϹѺ壬һսʤĻѡеսʿսҪһǧöңʤ֮ܵõǧöҡ
ĻϣսߵΪһЩ
Ƕǵ۾սǵ۾ľսʿɹõĽܹһﵽǧöҡ
һǵ۾սǵ۾ľսʿǻʤˣҲֻܹõһĽҲֻһǧöոպùѡ
ͷǵ۾εľսʿǵ۾ϵ߹սǴǳֺãһ˲п
Ҫִ֪սץ壬ÿһͷбľҪնɱԲף
ߵ䶷ϣһɱ˵Ҫս䶷еľսʿһǧöҡ
ɱµ粢ǿֻһǵ۾Σȴɫ׵ɱ
ɱʿǵ۾ʵ϶һѪɱϢѰΪ֮ݺɳǿߣ
Ǽһ¡
ɱĹ¿һۣ̲ס¶һĨ֮ɫֶǵ۾ļһս䶷еľսʿĿɲ
Ȼͷսʿձ͹ãѪɳĲеѾպսսʿĽѾˣ򶼲ʲôս
ɱȴû뵽¾иǵ۾˵Ҫսǵ۾ľսʿǮģ
üЦһǧöҽˣɾöҵɣ൱ˣ
֮󣬵ȴʱսͿԿʼˣڼ䣬ȹۿһǰսʿսӰ񡣡
ϵһǧöңȻȡһöӡݸ
֪ǹӹöӡöӡУŵӰ֮ǰսսʿл棬ͨоöӡеӰһͿսʿֶΡ
ʱʱ䣬Ǹ׼ʱ䣬Ҳ˵ѪɳΪⳡսҾۼһʱ䡣
Ǽ֮ȫͨɱ£㿪ʼߵⳡսҿľ֡
ľֵˣѺעϣҲѺעڱսϣʰ˫ͶעҼ㣬Ѫɳֻȡٷ֮һѡ
ӮǴ䣬ѪɳʲôֻЩע֮˻ʧ
ɱ¿ʼľ֣ڵʱоöӡ֮еӰ񣬺ʣ˽һ¶ֵϣսǺаġ
ٶս˵ܹٺܶδ֪Σգս߶ԼԵи̵˽⣬ñԷ˿ֱӸɵ
ô˵ѪɳΪ׬Ǯ׻ߵĲҵץһЩ壬ЩרɱԼˡ
ԣÿһս¼ӡĵս¶࣬еƶ֪ôͷ;뱻Զˡ
һ˵ͽѪɳЩ壬ܼսһЩȽܼ峡ϵսʱսʤĽͻ߲١
Щرǿ壬ܹѪɳмսʮϣսʤõӷḻĽԴ̼ս
ǵ۾ľսʿǶ˵еһ壬нţֻԴû٣ֻм⻬ٸ棬ȫֽţɾɣͨıǸ͵ķġ
ӡеĽܣȻʼۿмصĵһսӰ
սʿĵһսһͬǵ۾ɱޣɱޣֽ̬ͬŲãֻƤǺɫĲ۾С
̬֮ƣ۶ڱǣнš
̬ȫͬˣ羵壬Ȼнȴû٣塢
ǵ۾ɱޣһʩչǿɱ¾ֶΣɱսʿսʿȴֻһζϴ߶ġģԷκιܹɵֵܹĶֵȻһӡ
⾵ӡ󣬽ɱУǾսʿľĽһɱܺ䶼
ѪɳУսǿģˣҲҪб˽䶷ноԮ
ɱޣ䶼ͱǾսʿһնɱɴ䣬ɱϣЩ޲ѣ⾵սʿȻսϹģֶαɱ޺öˡ
ŵĵڶսһɫë巢սٶƺǳ죬ԾսʿĵľԷҲû˿취Ҳ˾ӡС
еֶΣȿһս߲ӣ⾵ӡ׼Ȼʩչֶƿ˷ӡ
ֻţ潣˲ն޵˫Դǵڶս¶һе۵ͨ
ĳ
൱ȣսʿȻѾսȫʤչֳʵԳѰǵ۾ߣ
⾵սʿֶֻεĻǾܹսˣ⾵սʿֶΣֳĶһҲ˿塣
ӡе峡սӰ֮׼ˣʱһۼǧ˵ΧȺУһɫа꣬ͻȻ˳
ҪһĻԵƬٽȥսսʿոӮ˵峡ʤԹ佱ľܿͻ´ˡ
аЦ˵
лλѡ
һԷ⻰˵ǲͬǴһܶһЩȻǺһЩġ
ѪӣڶľʮңӮɲҪʧ
Ǻɫа΢̣һЦ
ΪԾνѪӣȻڶľʮһӮ
ѵһ￴ҵĵϸܣӦƾֱɡ
Щ裬ѪӣӦĳҪоҲͶʮͣȴѾһλף츳Ϊ£¥ɽϵľš̺һ˫Щˣ


1083 սʿ
ѪɳĲ㣬Ȼ涨ֻе۾ε߿ԷսڹսͲľȴûơ
ѪΪλףܹע
ЩɱеĹӣ츳ôģͨؾεΪܵߡڰ˲ȥսľ֣ʱзġ
֮ѪӲû̫ĽѪɳĹأľֵˣǲս߹Ӵģ򽫻ᱻΪǧ
ȻѪƺЩͷ˵˼仰ɱĹҲûжԴʲô
΢ֵһʱѪɳĽ´ˡ
ԭҪսͷǵ۾εľսʿҪһǧöңʤĻǧöңΪΪǧöҡ
ڣͷսʿѾʤ峡սʤĽҲһǾһö̫żƷ
νṩ޷õĵҩ˵ûʲôã̫żƷǵõֳۣ֮Ҳǧöҡ
ֻҪܹսʤô˻ǧö֮⣬ܵõһö̫żƷ
ԭʤ峡֮ĽȻô࣬Ѫҵһȥ򡣡
ţعͷѪӵ˵ͷʾãȻת䶷ȥ
Ѫɳ䶷дµķϱֹͷܳսҪһԵͨƣܹ̤ͨ䶷
ֳһԵͨƣܿʹ˷ϣ̤䶷У
սʿԭһֱ䶷жϢһ̤䶷ǾսʿӰȻȻһΣԭʧ
ÿ죡
ɫ΢䣬֮ǰӡõϢɲ֪⾵սʿٶȾȻôģ
֮ǰսӰУ⾵սʿҪǷΪ벻̤䶷⾵սʿȻˡ
ǿҲŶǵ۾Ҫֱӳֽɱ𣿡
׼Ѫսһƿ̷һӾ͸ܵͷսʿڵķλͷ潣⣬ԼٶȳԴն
̤䶷һʱ䣬ѾٶԷҹƣ潣⣬Ǿսʿһе۵̺ͨżΪֲиǵ۾εᱻֱӸѣ
Ϲս尡
Ķ֣ȼһ˷ܣҪģĶ֣ҲֻĶ֣ܹ޾似սõ
ͼڣ
һ̧֣۵֣ͨͬһͼڴ֣˲䱬һʺĵ
Ըٶȣ˲ԭʧֻԭһС
մԽ
СϣֻҪһתλãٶȱȶԷҪöࡣ
Ǿսʿ潣⣬˲ն£ȴֻն˺ͼڵİΣձͼڳյ潣е
մԽµǸУǾսʿ΢ܵһ谭Ķһ˿ͣ١
Ϣ
ô콫ԷɱرǶԷпܻ˳ԾɱﵣԷսУҲÿս𽥿ʼѡ
ԴӵõսûоκһսսǳӣȡⳡսУս򵽳ѧĲΣҲջ
ϢۣȻͬڱһ㣬ȻǾսʿС
ֻǾսʿϾâ˸űһ澵һϳǰ⻬ޱȵľϣֱӽľϢֵסȻȻ˻
Ǿ壡Ҳ۵֮ͨһ벻Ȼôǿ
ɫ΢ЩأȻľϢֻǻʵͨƻȴԲѰǵ۾ĵ۵ͨģ
Ϣ޷ƿǾϣɼ֮ǰЩǵ۾εսߣ⾵սʿУԩ⾵սʿȷǺǿ
ϢֱմԽ㿪
ոն͸оһ˿̾תմԽһ򡪡Ҫ͵ڣȻƾղһĵĲǾսʿȻǰԤгӶݵķǵط˾ӡ
˵ڰصľƿأʱ˲֮ǰı˴͵ص㣬һ١
ȻԷľӡӡסԷҲһɱԷסվһΣ档
һ̣ӡȻڰзȴûгھսʿԤеλãǳһ򣬲ֱӴٻ׹ֱۡ
֣֮
һѾã׹ֱֱӴ̽ÿһ׹ֱ۶һе۵̺ͨľʴȼΪֲ
ֱۣ֣ǾսʿΧУԶķλȫˡ
սʿʶҪÿռĶ㿪źҲʱȡ߶򣬷䶷пռ
׹ֱۣǽǾսʿץסеľʴˣ
߶ľ򣬾սʿϵľɫȻ˱仯֪Է൱Ǳ˱飬ȻǶԾĳַǳ⡣
⣬ҲͱƳ˾սʿֶΣҪǲóֶεĻ⾵սʿԻ׹ֱΧ°ܱ
ԴȻǱԴľģǡһƷ
ۿǾսʿȫų貵ľģȻһУȻƾǵУԵĿռѣһռѷ죡
׹ֱۣȻֱӱռѷ֮УǱǾսʿʩչһƷ
һƷ֣ʱΧһƬ
һƷ⾵սʿ̫ǿˣȻһƷֶΣ
ʿˣһƷ⾵սʿھ嵱У϶Ҳвˣ
ҿ⾵սʿٻӮŲţһƷԲֶΣ
Ѫӣ㿴˰ɣһƷˣѺʮʿ϶䶨˵ġ
Щȫ۷׷ס
ѪվȺǰȴǴŵЦݣиһƲм
Щǳ֮ˣóʲôǾսʿǰ峡սûóʵɽʿһϳ̳֣ɼǴʿϣܵвϾǾսĴڰΣյĸ֪һҪ̫ˡ
ѪӶȻţ˶ΪǶֵʱȴȻ˼ʤ
ȴûʱȥĹڣʲô
ΪǾսʿոһƷ˺ѳռѷ죬ֱ֣֮ӱ㳯ɱ˹ȻھУҲչֳ˼ٶȣ
ת˲սʿֳܹ˺ѿռľУնͷ


1084 ȫս
սʿֶҲǼΪȣǰѾУȻܹ˺ѿռ䣬۳֮ȫѷС
һƷֶΣ۾У
״ûо£ЦȻˣԭڵĵطȻ˵ȻҲһһƷ죡
˵ֱŰԵ˲ۣսʿѹȥƻֺ꣡
ͬһƷ֣þսʿһҲóսȫ
ǿսʿʩչһƷôսǿʿضԿȴû뵽ڣҲʩչһƷ
սʿеľУ̵ת򣬱ҪģֻܶԸǰ˵ͬɫѹ
˵˲ȴǾһһն飡
ȻˣսʿǰѾУҲ˵ɫ飬˫һƷȻֱ໥ײˡ
Ǿսʿڶ˷һ˿һʱ䡣
˫һƷıǸԿ˶ԷӦһ̣սʿα仯ȻһΪΪġľսʿδ䶷ϳֻ֣Ƭ̱ʮ֮࣡
Щսʿķÿһ߱սʿʮ֮һһֱ㳯ֱӳɱͬѸ٣ÿһͷжһѱȽľС
⾵УȻ޷գҲǼΪǿ
ʵͨ𣿾
ԷֶΣֻǸʵͨûô⣬ڶԷٻʱעȴھսʿıϣ
ھƿصطɸܵԷôУһǱ壬ֱӳǱ壬ʩչ˶Ͽվɱ
ϹĶϿʥȪ˫ּ䲻۳ΪǳɫĶϿУһ˲˾սʿ嵱У
֪սʿ幹죬Ҳ֪ҪʩչϿվɱ֮󣬲ٿѶϿУֱڲи
սʿû뵽ֶΣҾȻֱҳı壬ʱ󾪣˲䱬һģ
һƷ
Ƿı֮пսʿ쳣ȫɳȥ뿪ϿʥȪѶϿڣ
һȻսʿܵһЩˣȻಿλȥиԷڣȴûܹԷҪ
Ȼ幹ܲһ
Ҳʱ̣սʿ۳ʮߵȫλʮѾͬһʱ
ԶϿʥȪսʿ壬൱ڳ׷ԼķЩսʿÿһֻоսʿʮ֮һ൱һͨһǵ۾
ǿ渡ֳһףѡӲЩĹ
УʮֱӴϣ΢һ£Ȼ׳ױ飡
Ȼ󣬾ֱӴ̵֮ϣȻĿֲȴЩȫ赲Ƥ֮⣬ֻܵһƤˡ
ʮսʿƣԸԷӣ
մԽ
˲䳷ųľȻ˸ֱ˲ƵԱط
սʿû뵽ͻȻԴϸɫϱ仯û׷ӦͻȻھսʿ¡
ᣡ
Сʩչᣬһ˲֣¾սʿµĿռȻ̮սʿ˽ȥ
սʿֻô͵Ļһӿ϶ӵˡ
ǣȻսʿʧ
Ʒ󣬾ƣ
սʿڽʩչһƷ֮󣬹Ȼʩչ˸ΪǿƷ󣬾ƣ
֮Ե֪ԷƷƣΪųУСܵǾսʿ
Ǿսʿ塢֮޷ԽϾûͣȴԴ˽нЩһ
Ʒ󣬾ƴ߶ȻսʿһСƬΧڵĿռ䣬ȫ˾һĴڣǸ泹飬ͬ˾սʿڡ
ˣ
žսʿȴСʩչУ֮飬ȫתƵ
սʿ龹ȻֻǲͨռתƵ˱𴦰ȫĵط
ֶεĳ֣սƵһµĸ߳
Ȼ󣡲˼飬⾵սʿȷǼΪѰǵ۾¶֣
ֶΣ֮УҲֻйһ⾵ݾԲͰ
󶼳ˣ壬ǲˣȻǺܾȣǵ۾վ̫Щ
۷׷ף䶷еȴ˿ܵ۵Ӱ졣
ɱ
ʱ˿̣սʿٶȱü죬ÿռĵ䶷ϲϱ任λá
ȴƾƿأɵĲ׽˶ԷλãܹܵԷĵطԶԷжһԤУ
󡭡Ԩ
ʩչɱﵣ׼˶ԷλãȻֱӳǸԤгλãͷųԨ
ڿռѷ죬ϳǵطȥλϣпռۣȻһ̾սʿҪг֡
ԤϵǣǾսʿƺΣżΪĸӦڼײԨʱ򣬾ȻӲֹͣжû˲ƵǼȶλȥ
ǾսʿٶȣٴһѾУһƷֶγɱף
ھսʿΣʱ̵ķӦٶȣҲò̾
ԨǾѷ̵ת򣬳žսʿڴϮٶȴȾսʿɱٶҪ˲١
ǰѾУ;ն˿ռ䣬ƻ֮ٵϣ
ٶʵ̫ˣԷӦõǡ
ûü˼ԶԷĴɱֻʶʩչ˰Ӱ֮ͨȻֻǻʵͨЧѾǷǳ졣
ͨӰ֮飬ֱӻǾͬ뵽ǰѾеУ˲Ӿսʿǰʧ
ǾսʿȻ֪ô£ۿûӦ£ȴͻȻʧˣԴϸ治ϱ任ɫ
ҲʱûиκλᣬֱӴӾг˺üھϢ
˽£Ϣ˲䵽˾սʿϣзüȥսʿȫʴϢüΪҡ
ţմԽ˲ƵԶһ̣ת˷Ԩ˾սʿߣڿռѷ죬ֱӽսʿѳ˺ü֣Ϣʧ
⾵սʿǿˣֻϧֻҸһ磬ֶλǲҶࡣһΣǵ۾սˡ
ţת䶷


1085 
ڶڵԤϣȻսʤսʿԶǵ۾Ϊսʤǵ۾սʿ
սѪɳвûУȴҲ൱ټˣϾԽսͺѣ˵ԽĶһþɳսʿ
ңսʿʩչƷֶΣսʿжǺǿĴˣݶһ㡣
Ȼȴɽʿֱնɱˣɼɽ
ȫΨһϵֵģǶһ˵Ѫӣ䶷Ѫӱ΢Цӭ
ϲɽ֣ӮһѪɳ˵һˡ
ѪѺעϣձһ㣬һӮ˶ʮöң׬˸貧ӯ鵱Ȼǳ
ҪЩ˺̫ԣҲѺעϵĻѪӻӮ࣬ƴƴȣѪ׬Ǯʽνɼˡ
ȻҪַ׬ǮҲѪУȫܿóֲģҲֻѪһѡ
öлѪӵѣȻɾǶ⽱ˡ
ЦЦȻ̨ȥɱǰ
ɱ±Ǹģû뵽ʿȻǾսʿɵˡ
һɱµҵѪɳһǿΪģܹɱǾսʿ廹壬ܹӮùµء
սʤǾսʿĻΪǾսʿһ磬Խǧöҡ
ɱ£ǧöҷϣȻȡ˷һԵһҩƿӡ
ҩƿУװŵһö̫żƷֻܹȻΪֵҲǧöҡ
̫żƷѪǾսʿʤ峡֮ӵĶ⽱Ҳˡ
ɱһ˵ţһ߽öѪݸ
ҿԾ壬Ҫá
ɱ˵ϾԷˣһǲġ
Ȼԡ
ɱЦŵ˵ͷѪɫ˫УҲֳһĨľ塣
ܹѪɳսʤսʿģȫֵصǿߣǶ٣һɳǷǳǿĴڡ
ͬʵԽǿˣܹɳĸҲԽر֣ǿʵϺǿˣǿʳ磬ȺܶؾĶҪǿ
õɱµ׿ϣתΧ۵ڶߣȻеĵҩƿһö̫żƷľѪƷϼѵڳǰҪĻڿԳˡ
⻰һȫʼ
ҳǧöң
һɫƵֱ̧֣Ӻ˼۸񣬲̫ĻᣬǧöңɼһԾѪ
ѪΪһö̫żƷ̺˺֮ܶ⣬Ҫľǻ̺һЩѪܹ֮֮ȹ̾ѪڶʱЧ
˵Ѫһֺܲĵҩһ۾ε˵ܹʡµʱ䡣
ǧöҡ
һһȫź۵ʿֳ̧ۣѪɳ֮Уûʲô˵ҵңһж൱ġ
ǧöҡ
۸񲻶Щ˱ۣ൱
öѪĶ⽱ĻնɱͷսʿľҲֻǧöңϾʼһǧöҵսѡ
ڣܹⳡսеõ潫ԭϺü
ܿ۸˰ǧöңʵ˵۸Ѿǳˣƺ⾫ѪɱЩϡȱӡ
ȫû뵽ġ
޶ݱʱһŵаĵڳ𣺡ʮöң⾫ѪҪˡ
ʮöң
˵ʵöѪļ۸񣬳ܵһöҲͶˣȴû뵽˳ʮöңôһöѪ
ʮöңǾһö޾ҩˣһö̫żҩǴؿģҹؼǣбҪʮ
ֻҪһöң϶ͲԸ˰
˶ȥⳡս׬貧ӯļһѪӣ
ɽ֣Ӯô࣬ʮҾ͵ǷֺɣǾѪҪҲûʲôãЩСŻ㲻
ѪӿЦ˵
汻һһ
ѪɳĿ꣬׬ʮöңܹ͵ǰˣڲѪɳдһȻ͵õʮңٶȿó
ҲǵѪɳжľֵĻ𱬳̶ȣǮʵ̫ˣ̫ѺǾսʿʤѪ׬һƱ
Ǯڳв٣ǮˣȴԾѪȤҲֻѪӻ˵ļ۸ǵҩ¡
ĺûʲôɾܾѪӽѪʮöҵļ۸ɽˡ
Χ޷ǳ޺޲ƽòһöѪۣȻѪӸˡ
ȻǶѪӷǳȴҲұֳ˿ϾѪӵ൱ɱͳεɱϣҲѪӡ
ȻѪӿֻǸλ׵ޣλҪѪӶ֣Իд״ӰгֱѪӡ
һǸҪﰡ
Ȼȴǲ֪һ㣬˵Ѫ˭νֻ֪һǮľͿˡ
ɽֽкδ㣿ҪҪҿǺء
Ѫ뿪Ƭ䶷սʤķųڳһ䶷ȥ
ҪʮǳʮöңԵȻǻҪȥ
Ц˵ѪӣŵùңһֱʸģжңȫѺˣӮǶ԰Σ
սոǵ۾εľսʿûûԼޣǶǵ۾ǵ۾㹻ĶԸ
ȻѪɳ֮УЩǵ۾սʿսԳѰǵ۾ﵽǵ۾ĲΣҲ˵ɵǵ۾εĹᲢۣ
ִڣȻܹӦҪɵȴҪ¶̫Ķˣòʧ
ԣһսĿǵ۾εսʿԶǵ۾Ϊսǵ۾壬Ѫɳоܹܶ˵עر˷һս֮
ˣָܽɵѪӻĻܹһ£׬һʡ
׬Ҫ·ѣѪҲ׬ң˵˫Ӯľ棬Ҫ͵ÿѪԸԸˡ
ѪϸһۣЦһЦֻҪ㲻ȥսؾ壬Ҿ㣬һǧ׼ã
⻰ڣʱĿɿڴ
һǧ
ѪӻǸ竰ôҳˣ


1086 ǧľ
֪Ѫӿ϶ǺǮȴû뵽ǣѪԸóôսʤ֡
ΣֱɣƾŸոһԾսʿʤ
֪ѪΪʲôôԼ˵Ȼһ£ȻѪɳеĶľֹĻĻʤˣѪܹõҲܴﵽһǧôࡣ
ѪɳĶľֹȫֻйڲ롣
һУѺעܵ˵ֻʮҵĻôѪӱ˵ѺһǧˣѺעһǧնֻܵõʮҡ
жѺ䣬ѺܹжңѪܹܵõ٣ѺעһǧȥĻ˶ѺˣΪһˣһϷһǧң
ͷɣǵ۾εԨսʿ
ѪӼǰߣܿһ䶷ǰһ䶷ٱ֮ǰսʿĶʮֹ
䶷ϵģһͷԨսʿͬ໥õǿ壬ͷԨսʿǵ۾ΪҪȫȫɽԪعɣǿ塢֮ǿ
Ԩ壬а𣿡
Ѫһѡ֣ɫ΢΢Щ仯Ȼ֪Ԩص㣬ս֮ϿǺη͵ģ϶
ѪɳУҲֻһͷԨսʿѣͷԨսʿѪɳУѾʤʮѪɳзǳŵһͷ壡
ѪɳΨһԨսʿҪץܲףÿһͷԨսʿǼΪµսˡ
˵ҪԨȽϡٵĻͱԨˣԨ滷һռԨУǿռԨȫûǺӡ֮ԴĴڣԨ壬Ȼ뿪ǴռԨ
ԣԨ岻ϵںͿռԨսͬʱ塢廹оȵսҪͻƳռĵ̡
ȻԨûеóѣռ쵽ĵ̣ǣȴҲռԨУԨһ취ûС
ԨĿռԨУûĴڣսҪǱǽɣǼرɱʲôĹ˵ǡ
ѪӶص˵
ֶ֣˵ǷöԸһЩ
ԣЦһЦ˵
ȽϺµֶαȽϹĶ֣Ԩսʿֻǿһ̵ĻԸɲˡ
ϣˣԨѰԨҲ̫һҪսĻһҪϸ֮ǰʮս
Ѫ˵
Ȼ
˵ͷʾͬ⡣
˿䶷ϣ䶷Ȼɱ£ͬΪ䶷ΧĹʵ̫ˡ
䶷֣֮Ԩսʿս򶼺ĵطһ
ֻǵ۾ΪʸսͷԨսʿǵ۾ģμս
涨ʱоԨսʿк̨һȻԼΪĶ֣Щ֡
ѵѪɳеڿⱣͷԨ壿
ţ䶷ΧߣųͷԨ飬֪Ѫɳеġ
Ԩ壬ѪɳѾսʤʮΪѪɳĲУӽһĴڣѪɳȻ䱻ɱ
οԨսʿץѶȺܸߣҪǱɱĻԺɾûԨѪɳˡ
ҲҪмֵ
ԣѪɳŻᶨأǵ۾ʿսԨ壬ĻͷòץԨ壬ܸѪɳֵ
ңߣɽսԨսʿ
ǰȥֱӶɱĹ˵һ仰ʱΧ˵ע
ԭע䶷ϵԨǿߣڣĿ⼯еϣ
УһΪʲôǿˣԭȻǸ֪ߵغСƨ
ǣⲻûʲôһɱǿ߶Ԩնɱǵ۾ʲô
˿ΪʱЩʧ
˵ۼﵱȻڵȴܹԨսʿɱϾԨսʿѾʤʮѪɳʷ¼˵Ҳȥսˡ
Ҫ֪ʤʮ֮ѪɳĶ⽱쳣˵ģһܹʤޱˡ
ԣһѪɳУʤʮսʿвǿѶרսһͷ壬ܹԼܹõ⽱һá
ֲεսУ˫ϸѹ׵ֶΣɱȫʩչ˫Ψȫпֻܽܣ
ΧսĻ˵ҲܣҺпܴѧһЩʲôΧ۸߶սĻᣬɲʱʱ̶̿еġ
ͷԨ壬ѪɳѾʱ䣬սʮѾǳȻ˺ܶȴһʲôǿ߼ս̼ѧһЩʲô
ЩߣսֻһĶǵ۾ʱȻʧּսǵ۾ϳ¾Ǳɱģʲôͷ
Ǻܿ죬Щ˾ʹʧ߳˼˷ܵ״̬ΪǾ仰ģѪҪѺעһǧɽϣӮ
ǵ۾ôǵ۾Ԩ֣
ܶжʱЦһǧҰǿһǧңܼģ
ѪɳĲ㣬һǧҼĶľ֣ǺټģּĶľ֣һڸϲؾεĶսľУпܻ֡
ڣԨԾУȻһǧҼĶľ֣𾪣
һȫ˷ʣû˾ʤȻѺ϶Ӯ
Ǵ֮ǰսʿǳߣоһʲôʤĻᣬҲֱӱѪһǧҸͷ
ǸѪӣʤôӮ֮Ҳòٷֺ죬ձȫѪȥˡ
ڣǾеܻʤҲѺϣ
ܿ죬ܶ˾ӿ׷עԨǿϣԨǿ߽սʤ˼һ𣬾ȻֻѪһѺʤڶû֣
ѪӵԤϵУһǧĶľ֣˭ŵ϶ǷŵˣһӮ˿ɾͷˡ
̶һʱ䣬гעԨǿϣעҳöҡ
ľ־ԨǿߵĻЩעԨǿ߻Ӯߣÿ˶Եõ屶棬Ѻעһ򣬾͵õѺעʮ򣬾͵õʮʣΪˣ
ңԨǿսʤĿʵ̫ˣ󵽼ûΪκλʤĿܣòЩɻѵѪӴйǮĲɣ


1087 
ȥЩ˵ľˡ
֪֮ҪȴʱŻῪʼսԱͷԨսʿǰʮսӡһԵһռȥϸۿ
ռ䣬Ѫɳרÿ䶷Ա߿ٳս׼ĵط
֮󣬾Ͳб˹ˡ
һߴ߶ӡмŵĻʾԼǰȻ˼һսԨսʿʤ֮ԼܹõĽ
ȣսͷԨսʿҪʮöңΪʤʮսĸֽı䡭
ʮöҵսѣܹõһսԨսʿĻᣬʤܹõĻҲʮöң
Ƕǵ۾սǵ۾ԨսʿʤĻԵõĻҲǡʮ򣡡
һǻʤĻѾ˾ʮöңûѪӣҲһ׬ǰǺȥң
˵ԨսʿѾʤʮѪɳеսʿÿʤ峡ͻһ⽱ԵΪֹԨܹʮ⽱
һ¸ղſĶܹʮ⽱һʼ̫żһ֮ֵ
Ԩսʿʤ峡ʱһö̫żƷʱսúͻº֮ǰľսʿҲ࣬Լֵҵ̫żƷѾǺܲĶ⽱ˡ
Ԩսʿʤʮʱ˵ڶ⽱Ǿһ̫żƷҩֵһӱ̫żƷҩʮ
Ȼö̫żƷҩרõҩûãֵҲʮְ󣬲Ҷ˵á
ĵ⽱һ̫żƷսֵ̫żƷҩ࣬սֻ߶彮ڣۼ۱̫żƷҩҪһ
еļһֱʮ⽱ЩѪڣЩҪȫõ֣һʺư
Լõϵģв٣֮һǵھż⽱ö޾ƷҩԴÿһöֵʮң
ʮ⽱һ֮Ҳ̺Ŵ֮ıԴʯ
ڵɱϻôãҲ֪˴֮Ʒκδڶп봴֮Ϊ֮
˴֮еĴܹ֮СĽҪܹõ۾ϵߣܹ硣
̤˵۾ε˵廹ʿ֮൱ǴǰĵҩıƷ
֮ķּǺǰʹ½ϵʱ챮ķּһֱĻʯ񼶣Ȼ쾧
ĸУÿһϸΪƷֱǴƷһƷƷһƷΪ
ÿһƷΣ̺Ĵ֮һ˵ʯ񼶵Ĵ֮ֵٲ˰ٱֹ
Ԩǿܹõĵʮ⽱ԴʯһƷĴ֮
֮ǰĽУʯ֮ֱƷƷֵԴʯ̫Զˡ
򵥵˵ԴʯΪƷĴ֮ֵٴﵽöϣ
Թ㣬ԼԴʯеĴ֮Կһ磬̤뵽ǵ۾Ĳˣ
֮ΪǺõģõҩѾûʲô̫ˣǿطǰذˡ
ţȥ˵ԽԽС֮ԽԽҪ
ÿһؾСУԴԴϵ֮ȴֻвŻڣӰΣֻ뵽֮ϣܹգΪԴ
ǲ֪ħʯʲôεĴ֮̺ĳ˴֮⣬пջѪӣ󣬻˵ħʯġ
š
ſʼۿԨǿߵǰʮսȻ׼̤䶷սҲʱһɫ׵꣬ͻȻ̤뵽ڵ׼ռС
һˣʱüͷ
ս׼Ķռ䣬˵κ˽ģô˽
ңɫ׵꣬Ҳӵǵ۾磬ͬһöӡ
Ǹʿɽ治˼ԨսҪȡˡ
ǽɫ׵꣬һۣ΢˵
Ŷ
Щ֣ԼʮˣⳡսôͻȻȡ
Ϊҽ˶ʮңԣ֮ǰսԨ壬Ȼϳ֮󣬱ضǽԨɱȻûķˣǺǣ
ɫ׵국ЦţмĿһۣǵ۾Ҳսǵ۾Ԩ壬ֱǻòͷˣǾһպ¿ɵעһ㣬ΪԼ޵еӡ

۾˴һۣܵɢǿƣ֪һ϶öԸ
սԨսʿģ϶ΪǿĴڣɫ׵꣬ϢƺĴڣѪƺǿ
Ȼֻǵ۾ĲΣԽսǵ۾Բڻ£ֲȥսԨսʿ
ϧ꣬ȴһʣǾǺʣûɱ⣬ڶս֮ʱཫܴ󣬺Ԩ»ѷһ
дŲ²һ£ݿ²һ㣬ȥƽϣԷȻҪϳǾϳɣʧϣҲһġ
һҳɹˣĿ꣬ҲûҪһӲӲ
Ȼؼĵطڣɫ׵ݿ϶ܲһģҪȻĻѪ棬ֹܲһ
Ҳ˵ѪӣһҲҪݱܷâɼ̨֮ǿӲ
ȻˣûҪ䷢ͻȥˡ
̨ȥɡ
˵һ䣬ûκα飬˵ȣûзŭҲûżպֳһԨսϳʱ򽫻аա
ɲΪԼ޵ˣڹۿԨ֮ǰʮսʱ򣬷ǳ棬ÿһϸڶȥˣҪ֪֪ˣսȻκи
Ԩ̫ǿҲǻԥģԸ
ķӦǽɫ׵ƺЩ֣ȴδϣֱߵһߣʼۿԼеӡ
ȻڹۿӡսʱҲǷǳϸǴġ
һ˼۾Լӡ֮󣬱Ҫ뿪ռ䣬ھ긽ʱ򣬾Ȼ׵ĳ֣


1088 ֮
ͻȻ֣һ
Ҫ֪׼ϢĶռУ϶ǽֹսģﶯ֣С
ɫ׵ɫ䣬ʶĴ߶۳һɫϣֵԼǰ
ʽʱȴԼˣСӾȻڶ֣ǡ
Ǹֻڴһֻӡ
ЦһЦѾֵľ˲ջأתȥͷҲصˡ
ڴһֻӣ
ŻŰ
ǽɫ׵ɫʱһڣоСȫϷˣԼʲôأ
겢δ룬ֻǰţȵԨǿ߻֮󣬶ҪСӳ

ս׼Ķռ䶷һȺɫ׵ޣӶޣͷĻţһλУɼݾԲͬ죡
ոͻȻ֣װڴһֻó棬ʵȴҪ̽һ£жǿ
˶ԱȣܹõƲ䶷ͷԨǿߵʵΪԼϳ»Ҳʲôˣ˺Ƥ
ǱǸˣɽ֣ǽ̫ӣסսȥ
ѪӭɫЩƵ˵
޷ȥˣԨսʿʮӦòô׾ʲô̫ӡ
˵
ɽ֣ͲˣǸո彮ɡ
Ѫȴҡҡͷ΢΢̾˿̫ӣǺǳţȻǵ۾ĲΣ֪ڲŶͣʮѣ
ʮܳΪǵ۾ӵ㹻Դ˭ܹõģң̫ӣնɱǵ۾ĴڣڶԸһԨսʿ˵ܽܵġ
ѪӵĻǶǽ̫Щ˽⡣
ȴЦҡҡͷѪ˵иңڿ϶μӶľ֣ѺԨսʿʤѪɳĹأҪɱʤ԰ɣˣԨδûӮĻᡣ
аգ
ѪӿһΪص˵аգҾȥѺԨʤˣֻҪû´ôֿԴ׬һʣ
û̫գһԣѺʮҵģ˵ӦòʲôһӮˣɾ׬ˣ𣿡
Цˡ
Ѫһ룬Ҳԣ
Ž̫ӹսйĶľʱӺˣһ̫ӺԨսʿĶսľ֡
ΪֹѾٶѺ̫ӻʤˣܹѺעٶöңѺעԨսʿʤģʮˣÿ˶ѺעĲ࣬ҡ
ҪѪӹȥѺעԨսʿϣʱһԨսʿӮˣɾǼʮ棡
Ѫӿɲʮң˵Ļ󣬱Цǰɱڴֱӽʮöҡ
ѺԨʤʮ򣡡
ѪӲûֻѺʮ򣬱Ͼʮ̫٣ѺעȥҲûʲô˼ѺעʮĻһӮ˾ܻöԷ˾ųɵĶעǴ׬
һѪӾȻѺעԨսʿϣΧȫ˹һЩ֣ѪӣѺעʮǸǮ
Ȼ˶˶ϲЦտϾʮ򣬵ʱ͸ǵģֱضӮľ֣ǮȻٺò
ȻǮ˲٣ǮĶһһ㡣
Ȼע⵽ѪǺһ˵֮ŹѺעģ˽ѪӵĹϵΪ⡣
Ѫӵݣ˵ͽ̫ѷһҲôһǵ۾ߵĻɣ
Ѫӣʮ˵䶨˰ǽ̫ӣ˷ضбԨر˽⣬ұౣֶΣ
̫ӼȻ϶ȫ׼˷ľ֣ûʲôģȻѪѺעʮҲеջ񣬹
˰Ц
Ѫȴδ⣬Ѫ˵ʮ㲻ʲôؼ˺ΣԼ֪Ǵһֱ˺׼ԼҲῴ
ĿԴɣ˵ʵڽ̫ӵʵҲǷǳڴء
ѪͱȽ̫ҪѾؾĴڣڽ̫൱ǿ󱲵۹⡣
˵һ츳ԽԼѪӶ̫ӵȻͺ뿴ˡ
ûã̫ӱ׼Ķռ˳ֻϰһ飬ϸһԨսʽʲô©
Ԩսĳ̫ӿ϶Ϳܶˡ
̫֮ԶԶݵһۣȻոһϷˣġ
ȴǲδϣý̫ӣеţӦòر֮˲Ŷԡ
һʢ磬˶עŽ̫ӣԨǿ֮ս
ȻܶڴŽ̫ʩչǿֶΣԨǿ߸ѹģϾٳˣ̫ݣôѪɳʧܣ
пֻѪӵˣڹ䶷ý̫пܻˡ
ʼˡ
ɫأŽ̫̤䶷Ԩǿ֮ս̾Ϳʼˣ
֮ǰ̤䶷սʿ̷ϮһԨǿߣͬԽ̫ӷǳӣһʱ䷢ƣûи̫κηӦʱ䡣
䶷ϣɱսһĴڣ壬Ȼ̨սǰҪ໥ʲôģһжǲܵġ
ԣԨģ̫Ӹ̤䶷̾ͷҹƣ
ԨǸĽ֮ͬڵһ㣬ٳƿռ䣬Ž̫ӺȻϮ
Ԩһײƾȫǿļٶȣδκοռ֮ڶ
һۿ⣬Ԩֱӹ˽̫ӵǰ
ô죡
׼̫ӻǱԷٶһһʱ߶ģǹģһ貣˲䱬ԨϮȥ
ȻԨԴ׼ǿĽ֮Ȼں׵£ڼ״̬ת䣬һ˽̫ӣ
̫ڲִ֮䣬޷Լÿ򣬶ʱֻ̧֣ȫ˸߶˿ռ֮˲ƶ䶷һȥܿԨĳײ
˵ǿţһȴҲˣԸԨײȻҪÿռĶʧ
Ѫһԡʱ˸Щ廤ŭĿӡ
һۣдףѪڵ壬ӦǺͽЩ̫ԸӦǴ΢ơ
۲ϸ΢Ӻ΢УܿܶѰ˿ĶƲĶ


1089 Ʒ
Ѫ߸п䶷ϵĽ̫ȴ˿ҷġ
Ȼȫ׼̫ȻףͷԨǿսҪʮֵľһСľͻᱻԷɵ
Ҫ֪֮ǰʮսͷԨǿ֮УܹܶԽսǿߣջͷԨսʿ
Ԩ壬ǴӿռԨ֮߳ǿ尡
۵ͨ裡
̫ԿռĶ֮ȫһּΪµĿռٶȱü죬䶷ΧŲƶͬĵһܹռ䶼׸ѡ
۵ͨ裬ǽܹѵɱͨʩչܻһ̧ɱ¾սǼΪֲֶΣ
һе۵ͨԸͬԨƺûʲôЧ
ԨԻɫ⵶еĽ̫ӣȫûκ⣬ӭϣڿռдƿգﵽµǿᣡ
̫ӵٶǷǳ죬Ԩ͵Ľ֮ȴܹԤн̫ӵ˲㣬ܹ׷Ͻ̫ӵΡ
ͷԨʵǾ̫սˣĶֺܶ඼£Խ̫ӣٶȿ˽̫ӵսϰߡ
ⳡսУ̫¶㣡
䣡
һȻը䶷ͻȻԨ͵Ľ֮Ȼ٣ٶ˼£ȻֱӳŽ̫һ˲Ƶĵصײȥ˲佫̫ײɣ
ֶΣеƾƿأܶԷ˲㣬Ը֪ռΪԤжԷһܹĵط
εսУƺռķ׸ΪԷͻƿڣļٶȣȫûԤףŸһЩ
ţǿߵսУЩ
䶷еļսԶԶûн̫ӱԨǿһײ˶ɳȥһռ伤䶷Եķϡ
̫ԭӢӣʱѾŤȫ¹ЩѣҪΪ㹻ǿôһײ̫ӾѾڷˡ
ˣ̫ҲһܵˣڶԷԨػ֮£Ҳվ
Ԩսʽƺô򵥣ƾǿĽ֮ٶȣǿͻƣһײǷǣҺ顣
۾ųС
䶷ϣԨһײɽ̫֮ȫûκ֮ͣٴλͣŽ̫ӳƿռȥܹ۹۲쵽ļٶȣ
ϴ䶷һ̱⵽غ̫ӵڹؼʱ˷Ӧ
ֻȫһɵĽɫȻȫЩѣԼٶȣ۳һɫķϡ
Ԩǿǽ֮ͬڵһײɫķϣ˲佫̫ӵĽɫһײɳȥ
һŽɫķϵֵ̫ӵûܵصƣһ̣̫ӵķʼ
ȫ˸ɫޣƺǽ̫ӵһе۵ͨ䶷裬䶷
ɫޣԨǿ߲ϲȻ޷˺ԨĽ֮ȴԨǿߵٶȣԨҲûзƻв
ҵĽˡ
̫ӵ壬˫Ŀ֮н˸ȫĽɫ޸ӷ趯ڽ̫ӵĲٿ£ԨĽ֮䶷һط˦ȥ
˦ȥĵطһɫâѸγɣ̺ױȵиȻǽ̫ʩչֶΣ
Ϊʱ˿̣ڼΪŵʱԽ̫ӸҴ⣬ֱӾʩչɱУһƷ󣬹һɫâУеһдȫиƬ
Ԩǿȫɫס޷ͻƣЩ޴Ʒɫâ˹ȥ
˵ĶһʤͿһ̵ˣ̫ӣܷԸԳһֱԨǿߣӽǽɫâеȥ
֮ǰƾƿصƿ̫ӶԹĵӦǴﵽ˵ھżʩչƷӦúҵԨ¡
һҲǼΪעе
ڽ̫ӵǵ۾أʮ
ƾʮһİӰԼԨƷʩչԷɫâв˶١
һܹƿԨǿߵôӦҲܣһвܣôʱûҪʩչһˣͽ͡
Ԩǿ֮ǰʮսУҲƳ˲ǿֶΣӦþҪ˰ɡ
ţϸĶųĿת
ԨǿߣȫǽʸУ͵·öˮξۼһ𣬵ڼǽɫâеʱȫ̬ȴͻȻ˸ı䡣
֮ǰʮսӰмĳ
Ԩǿߵ̬һǿתģڲ̬ͬ£Ҳͬ
֮ͻȻ󣬱ñѰӴı࣬ȻͿһڵĽ壬ޱȹ⻬ԵӰΧɫ޵Ӱ
Ϊ壬ӦǷ̬
һݣҪԨķжǿ
ͷһԨǿߣֱӱ˦뵽ǽɫâ֮УƷֱӾУ
壬˲䱻ɫâиûűûϢ
ûˣ
ٹڶЩʧΪⳡսʹ˽ˣΨһЩȽĴڣѪӣȻ䶷ϵĽ̫ӱˣȴǷԨڽɫâУȻûܵ˿˺
һ̣һʱ䣬һڽƬӽɫâз˳ֱӽ̫ӵĽɫâк䱬
ЩƬͻ˽̫ӵƷȻ䶷İ½ϳԨı壬·üˮһͽ֮
Ƿѡ
ԨǿȻʲô裬ȴǼΪ徹ȻԷѣ
Ȼһ㣬Ҳ֮ǰʹսӰпԨֶΣû뵽ǣԨǿ߾ȻƷ£ֵķȻںһҲʹԨԸԨǿ߼ǲʲôЧˡ
Ȼֶ̫ˣԨֻ֮һлأʱԶԡ
ԷԨ壬̫ûκԥȫɫâһ۳˺öɫâУͬƷ󣬵ͬʱʩչҪĵɲ١
һ£ɫâУֱӽԨǿ߳ΧУȻԨǿ߰Χƹȥ
Ԩǿ߲ÿռģֽռȫյĲƣضЧ̫ӸоܽС
Ȼȴʧҡҡͷ
̫ٶֱ


1090 
̫ĲԽɫâУƷֶνԨ
ȴһ㣬ǾǣԨֱܹӳɫâеģ
ɫâаΧȥͷԨȻͬһδԭǳһɫâУ˳ȥ
ֱӻˮΣӽɫâд͸Ȼ˽̫ƷİΧȦɹڽ̫۳˱塣
Ԩ壬ս־ǳǿңرǶڶ壬ȫзǳǿҵĳޡ
Ѫԣ̾˿˵
䶷УͷԨ˽ɫâУһ˲ȫ͵ĽУֱӴ˽̫ӵĽɫ
ɫѾܵ˴ˣڶЩٻΪ̫ӣ츳ǼʢȻܾԨɵ
ֻǽ̫һ˸ȫٴһɫֱӴðͷԨ壡
ͷԨ屾ҪŽ̫ӳײȴһӳɫУȻ״Ĵڣȴûκη϶ȫɫĹĸˡ
һž־߱ǿԣԨǿһʱ֮䶼Խơ
Ʒ󣡡
̫Ӽ״¶ϲɫȫâۣγһѽɫ󽣣˲䳯Ԩնȥ
һѴ󽣵ԲݺӣܹʩչǿֶΣƷԨ
ɫ󽣳֣ɫЩˣǽ̫ӣӾƻ̫ӣѾ
Ȼֻжǵ۾̫ӵǵ۾ȱʮĲ̶̫࣬Ѿ൱ˡ
Ҫǵõ˾ģСкеЩҲܴﵽ밵ӰĵĵʮһϣѧԨֶΡ
ʽɾͣɶԴھۣڣ
ڣ̫ܹﵽ̶ȣѾ൱ˡ
ɫ󽣳֣űɫסͷԨ˲ն£ֲǽɫһնϣȻȻԨĽ֮ϣ
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ԨĽֱ֮ӱնˮΣȻ䶷ĵ֮ϣѪɳĲ㶼Ϊ֮һ¡
䶷ϺȻ;˶۲ųУ֪ԨΪǿƾԽɱ
Ȼ˵ĿУˮ𽥸˰֮УҡҡλΣҪںһ
ڷŽ̫ǰѽɫ󽣵ն£֣ͷԨĽ֮ĵ˲ٲ֣Ԩ˽⵽˸ࡣ
ԨĽ֮Һ壬ںҲԷɢǿпܻɢҲ׳Ƶġ
ͬ塢ȵȣԨġһֱֻǲֵġԨɺܶĽɣЩ干ͬһͷԨ壬ȴǷֿġ
˵½ԨնķѣԨ嶼ǿģȻһԨĽ֮϶һȥȫȥʱͷԨ
ǿԨ壬δ̫£ȻᶯģƾʣѾԽ壡
š
Ԩ壬ڿռԨеǿ壬һʱΪǿӲƺû֣֮ǻԨĻܶԨκв
̫ͬԨǿ̫࣬ҲһܹɱһͷԨ壡
棡
̫ӵͷ֮ϣֳһĨ֮ɫһ̧֣Ʒ󣬽ɫһ۳
ûеԨٴںϵһ𣬶ֱ۳ѽɫ󽣣ٴγԨնɱȥ
˶ܵڸոյĽɫն£ͷԨѾһɵĽ壬ȥԿԽԨش
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£ַֿԨؽˮһαն飬ֱӳĸͽˮΣ䶷ĵϡ
ȻĸˮΣҪٴξ£ٶȱ֮ǰˡ
ʱ򣬲пɾ˿ˣһԨûа취ٷˣ̫ӣʤ
ͷԨ壬ɢɵĽ壬Ҳ˵ʧȥɵνܵشڳ߶֪Ԩʧȥһ壬ϾûʲôĿˣʣһ壬ȻʱԴܿͻΪȱʧ
Ҳ˵ʹԨʧȥԽ࣬ԨԽʧȥһ룬͵ͬ
ǺǣѪӣʮƺְ̫
ǰѪӣҪӸȥҪľδҲ̫û˼ˣ
䶷ԱߣȺ̫ӵĽ׻һѪӳѪӶԽ̫ӵЦȺûǣ
𣿡
Ѫ΢̣һȻȻֱߵɱڴٶңȻҶˣҾѻˡ
ҲЩȣѪӣԨôΣ
ѾˣԨѵз̵Ŀܣ
Ԩ壬ر˽⣬˵Ѫ˽ⲻ٣̫ӣ˽ҲٰɣӦòԨġ
ɵñװ׸Ǯ
ʱв˶ЦȻ˽Ⱥ׻֮⣬˿ɲЦѪӡ
Ѫȴûһصߣۿ䶷ϵս
̫ӼͷԨ屻նĽأĸͽˮΣ¶ʤȯյЦݣɫ»ΪΣ˸
壬ð彮򣬱ضֻ·һ
̫ϵĺһȫɫâתʩչƷҲǽɫâУܹԨ˺ˡ
Ҳպþʱ̫ɫȻ䡣
䶷Χۿ˶ûֲܹ֣ˣ䶷ϵĹϵε˶䶷ڵ֪ƿض⡣
⼴ֳʤʱ̣̫ӵĺϣȻССѪţѪȻѿ
ֲһĻͷԨ崴ƣΧͷһ
Ԩķˣһֽ壬ȻɢΧУȻ굽Ա
ΨѪӣƺϵһĻһԨһɵĽ壬ȴܹԶַһ˵˵һǧ˰ٵֶΣؼʱ̣ԨԲᶯá
һ֣Ϣ굽ԱֿµֶΣ˷ʤѪӿ϶Ծ֪ˡ
̫ӣȻг˵һ㣬վûзӦҪԨֶʵ̫ˣ˵ǽ̫ӣһܹ


1091 ˣ
ܹоԨ⽫һֻ壬뵽ǰֶΣԼİӰ֮黹Щơ
ҪֶԷ͵Ϯٵø߳ԷüУ
̫Ͻ⻷ƣȴȻԷһֱֽ굽ڣȻȻԱϱ޴Ѫ
̫ӵ£
̫ӣ
ʱ䶷ϵĽ׻ǣһȫⳡʵǳԤϰЩģһԨս
Щˣһֱڽڱ̫ӣλλ׵Ļͳ죬ҲԨ˽ⲻ̫ࡣ
ʱ˿̣õԨ廹ֶΣý̫һش
̫ӻΣҪλú岻һԨԱѪȴպһڽ̫ӵĽ฽
̫ӶʱһѪ˵˿ȥ䶷Ͼ
õǣͷԨ屾ʧɵĽ壬Աһɽ壬Ѿûʣµȥ׷ɱ̫ˡ
̫˳ӳ䶷ķΧȻǽλ׻ͳ죬ӭ̫Ӹסˡ
˾ѪӹȻ̲סֿģʽǺǣн̫츳ˣս츳ޱȿֲڿҲ˶ѡ䶷ϣߣҪսСɾһغ
ҪƽʱȺ϶ֱڻѪӣڣ̫ش඼ܵ˲ڵϦ˼Ѫӣ
λײεĻͳ죬ȡһöƵĻ̫ӷˣȻ󽫽̫ӴԼСУҪ׼õĻˡ
䶷ѾۼǧˣʱĿɿڴĿЩԽҪ֪ÿ˿ɶǲμ˶ľ֣Ѻڽ̫ϺöأӣȻȫˣ
ȻС飬ЩҲûô̫ЩҷͣѪһ˶ˬĽȴЩȫܲˬ
ոգǻϲ̵ľãѪڸԼǮڣڸѪǮ
ľ֣ʤ˰ɣ
ѪӹЦţȥɱǰ˵
ɱ£Ҳû뵽飬ֻܵ˵ͷԨȻˣţⳡսǽ̫ˣⳡľֵĽҲȷˡ
ɱ²δ̫ãΪǼʵ̫ˣʤͷԨ壬Ѿڼʱ̷ɱڶ౾ϣնɱ塢ʿҪȻʮʤôģ
Ѫӵϲãڹ۲䶷ϵͷԨ塣
ҵǿȣȽ̫Ҫǿ̫࣬ڵ״̬£ܵԨԱһǵֵסģִսϴ֣Ϊ£ͷ¶нұ
ţͷԨüΪ裬ȫûΪѾ˶κӵ̬
ʹ˵ĵĻȻܹͷԨԼҲпܳΪᣡ
ȻҪģϳ֮βɱͷԨ壬ҪҪԨսһƻԺγɡ
Ѫӵõ˶ľֽȻصԡ
ɽ֣ȥ͸ˣǧҪСͷԨ壬һСǽ̫ӵ³Ҹоõ̫ǿһЩҲǿò࣬ԨԱ±
ѪɫصĶ˵
İɣ׷ִ硣
Ҳ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ɫѪӱˣǻˣ»ԼǼ˸ˡ
Ѫȴ֪ԨԽڽӽʱԽΣգʲôֶΣͬھֲֿ鶼ʩչ
ѪӣԵսģǿһɱޱȲҵĵط˼ôǿĴڣп˲
Щ塢Ĵס
Ǵףսϣʱпܱᣬԭǧٹ֣˺սͻɱϮֲսͻȻ֡
ָӦоУ
Ԩ壬սϾǷǳµһ壬Ϊ࣬ԽǱʱԽΣա
սϼԨ壬бʤİգûжԶܶԶΪȻɱԨ壬ԼҲᱻͬھ
Ԩص㣬ǼΪǿӲԼֺηս־嶼Ҫ¡
ȥֵϳ˰ɣ
ͷȥɱĹʵ
չأһս󣬱ȴһʱɼսһʱͿϳˡ
һɱĹЩĮ˵̲סЩĽ
ɱĹ£ڳߣȫͶĽʵı飬ΪǶãȥϳ϶ܹˣͷԨսʿնɱˡ
Ҫ֪ͷԨ壬Ѿʧȥ˽ĳɵĽ壬ѾԶһ۾εĴȥܹӽԨ˰ɣ
ǸСӼ˸˰
̫ˣ֪Ҹովͱսˣӿɾ׬˰ϧһֱû֪
Ǽ˱ˣոͶ뵽ľֵңӦ˰ɣⳡľ֣ӦŶԡ
˿ʼ飬ľ֡
սĶľϣû˿ȫѺעͷԨϣڣ˾䣬ԣһҪľؿ
ɱ΢һ£ȴҡͷЩ˵顣
ѪɳĶľ֣˾ͲȡҲı䣬ľΣΣҲע԰Ѽʧ׬صԼ
һɱµ˵
ôһ˵Щ߶ʱˣһҪƢѪɳĴ֯˭ʲô
ʱһȫͷϣ
СӣӸѪӮˣǼһѹһǧңѺٶ඼ûԼǷˣ
ǣ̫ˣСӣ䶷ϱԨֱӱ
˶ìͷָ
ɫҲɱĹ£Ҳ̫Щⲻڿ
̫֮սȴ֮ǰϳΥѪɳصģΪ̫󡣡
ΪԨ̫һսĽ⣬ȴԸ֮ǰĶľ֣˽ìͷָңȻڼܹ˵Ԩ塭
ɱµı飬֪Ǵ̬£ȴδ˵ʲôΪԷϾѪɳĹԱƣ˵Ҳ϶ûá
ҪǣľҪ趨ĻѪӿӮһ࣬к档
һܶ׬Ǯ£¡
۾δȥΧǧ˵İۺáյĵʱȥͬʱ۲䶷ͷԨ״̬


1092 ޲
䶷ϣͷԨ屻նĽصͽˮΣ໥ȻںһԨԭļӲ
ԭͷԨܹ߸ˮɣȴֻʣĸѾںͽ̫ӲĹУˡ
ĸˮںһȻ䶷һˣ֪Ԩ񣬼˵£ûзϣ˵Ҫɱ塢塭
һʱʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
֪Ԩָô»ָĲ룬ʧȥˮβ֣»ġ
׼ϳˡ
Сġ
Ѫһ䡣
š
֣ص˵ͷȻ䶷ȥ
䶷ΧˣһǳˬĶǿǼ˸ˣһȥɱͷԨ壬õյĴ˰ɣ
û˶Ԩ̫˽⡣
вԾԾԣҪͽ̫һһ̤䶷Щ˿һѪӣǽ뷨סˡ
̫һΪ䱳ѪӲԿҪȣѪӿ²˿桭
ˣ̤䶷
ǵ۾ε壬䶷ǲ䶷ķϣ̤ս
뵽䶷ϣ̾͸ܵһɱϢ·Ѿ뵽ΧĿռ䵱Уһ̤սһ
սϣΨһ
̤䶷ʱӭս׼ͷԨ壬ȴδ֮ǰԸֱ̫ӳɱ
̨ʱͷԨȻǾԭϢĸͽˮһ·Ѿһ
ȴ֪ⶫ϶ܾˡ
С飬Ը
ȻԷҲȶ֣Ͼ֪Ԩָ˶٣Բ̫
гԣʼųͷԨн
ιԨ壬ʲô֣
ʶС鲢δǰ˵ģһ䡣

ͷԨ壬ûκλӦȻͣԭأûж°֡
״΢΢üͷȻûа취ˣֻˣŲһֱӳͷԨ˹ȥ
һγδģֱһףȻͳȥҪͷԨⲫ
䶷µĲȫЩԾСҪʲô
ԨȻ˸ȥ϶ٶʩչͨ䳹׺ɱ
СӣȻȥҪԨƴӣֱ
Сǳľֻϣ
ڿȥսСˣȥֵȥ˹
ܶ˿ʼɱڴӿȥҪȥսԴѪӲδעĶųС
ͷԨ壬ֻһ˲ѾͷԨǰԼֳУֱӳͷԨһͽˮδ˹ȥ
ʱͷԨڶˣ
֮׻ͣһͬڵһԱ˼һٶȣӭײ˹
ҪƴԨǴµģ
һΣͷԨ˵ʧˣȻģֻײΪҲǷǳǿģرǶܵ˵Ԩ˵˫ǿѾ൱ˣ
Ȼ
˫ڰ໥ײһ𣬱һǿУΧϮȥԱԷײɣһγŶԷȥ
һֵĽ棬δ˺ԨֺͷԨ壬ײһѷ죡
ȫ״̬µԨ壬һײ֮ϵ׾ͻᱻײ÷ˣⷽ˵ȷ˽̫ӵĸ
ָоս壬޾似Ҫɹⲫ֮вܹ֮䣬ٶȲģ
Ŀġ
һ棬Ҫ׻ɱͷԨ壬Լ֪Լһǿȣֻܴӿս֣һ棬ҲõĻᣬԼĿսˡ
ԨĽ֮ٶȱ࣬ȻҲǿ࣬˫ײΣѾȫ飬رײ˷ϣȫѪֹ
ԨĽ֮ȴһ˺۶ûУȫ£Ȼ⻬ƽˮ棬ĸˮںһ𣬿˲䱬ǿĳ
ӲӲսԨϲİ

ʶС飬ʱڽյͷԨľ
ͷԨ岢ڣƺе˼ˣһص
У˼žǣûĶԸںƴǶ˵ԨأԣԨҲ
û뵽˵Ҳûʲôá
أܳ
ǿս壬ƺеɹӣȫѪʼս־죬ñǰǿ󡭡̣ӵóܾá
ֱӳײĹУı仯ȫȼһս⡣
ҲûбԨõģսĺöˣ
ɣ
¶һĨЦݣȻδӷϵ˲ײͷԨ壬ٶȱһʼȻ
ٶһԨ壬ȫҲȻ֮ںϣˮγֱײ
˫һγײԨƺЩһˣȴ˵﷢˱仯Щǿˣȴԡ
ͷԨһ̣˲ѣΪĸͽˮΣɢȥȻĸײ
ոһײѾײЩ߻أȻսڲϵĸʱڻ޷ʱ䡣
ԷɢĸͽˮΣĸײֻ֮ٶȳһײ˹ȥȫһ۳ף
壬ƺҲеҪͻƵӡ
ͺǿҪ壬׸ϾȻ֮ǰӺʵһ㣬˷
ȻԨĿֲôǿ޼£һöͽˮײؿϣ˲ѺۣͬʱöͽˮΣҲ˲ײĺ󱳺˫ϣ
˱ײ÷˳ȥȫս֮ӷڣȻȫȴܵ˺ܴ׳ѣ󱳶ݽȥһ֣ԵüΪֲ
ּ޲Уоսٶȼﵽ˼£ȻˣȴԽԽ˷
ͷԨ壬ԿɱĶֵʱ򣬿϶ԸԼԣᶯɱԱƵֶΣҶֵʱҵĿսѾСɣͲɱԱˣ
֮ǰսƻ


1093 սȭ
䶷£û뷨Ѫڡ
Ѫ΢΢üͷУԨ벻ʲôǰӰģȴҪԨԿ
СӵǳҵԤϣܸͷԨ忹⵽̶ֳȣұҲ̫ˡ
Ѫţ壬Ȼδǿȣ϶ͬҪǿܶģλ׵Ϊȸ߳˺üΣ
ˣ׷Ѫӣɼǿȴﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
⻹ļޣ
ӹУõ˿սһдϹŵ޾似ŵڣûʲô˻ӡ󣬻ܹˡ
ϣѾʧ޾似ڱѧᡣ
ںͷԨԿĹУڲȼԼļޣ֮ѹٽԼս壡
Ϊ޾似սûоͷģƾ似ȥȻԽԽԣץסڿʼÿһᣬȥսȥս壬ÿս御߲㾳硣
䶷ԱߵΧȺڣȻ֪ʲô
Сӿǲˣײ˺üΣǽ̫ȥ϶Ҳֲ˿ôġ
СӲŶǵ۾ΪҸԨӲӲǳҵԤϣСҲ̫޴Щ
ǣԨӲӲɵӶ֪ģԨǿӲǿѣԶԿ
˶òˣȻЩ˶Դ˶ϲֻּǲӮѪעһǧҡ
䶷ϣͷԨѳöͽˮβϳײЩ˽ȥˤ䶷ĵϡ
ȻöͽˮûκͣԨ˵κһУҪɱĿ꣬ɱ֣ɱһ壡
ö͵ĽˮΣڴѸٳײʱڸֳһףһף֮ǰ׺һ࣡
壬Ȼʱͻˡ
˫Ŀ֮һĨâҪսģȴû뵽ͻˣԲ̤뵽˳Ȼ֮
Ȼ壬̫żƷ似ȻǺͿսȣҲֻǲһζѡ
Ȼֱ֮Լǿȷһñ֮ǰᣬȫһǿĲΡ
ףһ̱Ӧ飬öͽˮβϵײϣȴûܹٴλˣֻǽҵ䶷ĵ֮£
ֻǿһҾͺͷԨˣȴҲ˵Ԩֶ̫ˡ
ţűԨöͽˮΣȻİѽУڴ
ˮεĳײһָ˵иʹ͸ǽøǿü
رǣԨͼΪӲĽд͸±лҪǿһЩ
ӲƴƾոͻƵ壬һ˲䱬˿ֲٶȣӵ¸߸Ծ㿪Ԩ廯ɵİѽС
ʱû취ԨӲƴˣֻܹĶܣԨٶƺҪһЩ
ңԨǻİѽУĸ׷
ܿ죬ͱİѽΰΧ˰֮һСУİѽ˲
ûѡֳֻУһѽӭȥһ½ǰѽס
ǽбס֮ȴ˲仯һ״ͷ򣬼̹
Ȼһѽʧȥԭٶȣ䴩͸Ҳ֮ǰࡣ
ٿȻ˲ţȴǿӲżסѽУͬʱ˫Ⱥͱȴڴ֮ǰеס˺ܶٶȡ
İѽУûܹ˺Ҫֻһ糤ڵǿ˵㲻ʲô
İѽдڿս֮ȼնһ̣ȫѪ⵱Уʼսĸţսĸ޾ս⣬ҪйĿС
ҡ
һȫսУһѽ֮Ĳ֣һȭȥ
һȭϣȫȻڣǿսȼգǿɵǿԼ
ѧɹĿս壬ܹÿսǿԼڽ޾似˳ѧľ磬ǿԳá
ʱڣͻƣԼսͻƣԨЩ⧲ԭ׼ֱѹڿǿѾ
һѽУֱӱһȭɣȻɵԶУ»ָһˮεģ
Ȼˮٴαģһѳ룬ڴֱӴ˹
ˮΣҲǸԱ仯ɲͬģԸֲͬʽһӣޱȿֲƣֱӳ
սȭڣ
ȭͷвϻſսĵⲻ޾似սԽǸǵʱ򣬾ܹӳԽǿ
սȭڣһȭǴӺȥ˫Ӵ֮˲䱬ըһУΧͽˮȫƷɿȥ
ս壬Сɣ
̲סҪΪԼȲʣս壬ͻƣͷԨѹʵ̫ˣرڣԨ巢Ѿֵʱ򣬱ضʩչĳЩܾ˵Ĵ򷨡
ڶ˵ҪĲҪɱԨˣҪԨ˵ֶΣ
սȭڣɱ
ֱײսСɵʱǿȣ̤䶷ʱѾǿ࣬˳һڵ
һȭȥȻֱӽһöͽˮδɣײ䶷Եķϣжʼ
䶷Աߣ˾ڳе仯һЩɵˡ
֮ǰС棬ȫȲԨ壬̶ʱڣôǿôࣿȻԨһöˮθˣ
ڣѾ˳սнʵ̫ˣرǿȣֶһ˵ֻоܹģСӣȻһսһ壬ֱ˾÷˼
ս似Ѿʧܾã޾似Щ˲֪ҲȻ
䶷ϣһȭսȭڣֲȭâһöͽˮδɣ䶷ϣ
ʱ˿̣ٶȡǿȣȫ泬ԽͷԨ壬Ѿ˲֮أ͵ÿԨûͽˮ˫ͬھˡ
ȻܸԷᣡ
ʤֳ


1094 
ԨļսУƾ輫޵ײڽսСɵľ磬ܹʩչġսȭڡԿսļӳȭͷϣһȭܱǿƻ
ƻĵƻһ
ʩչžƿط̽ԼΧһ״ڱͻȻ֮䷢֣һЩ΢Ľ壬Ѹɢ䶷Χڡ
Щ΢Ľ壬ʩչ˰Ӱ֮ͨ࣬ΪΣǾƿطĻٵؾĴڲܹ䷢֡
ҲǷţ̫ΪʲôᱻԷ͵ϮƵԭˣΪ̫Ӹֲ˶Է͵Ϯ
ڻǷһУϧɹ˿սģͷԨ壬ҪɱѾˣ٣񷽲͵Ϯ̫ǿȵĹܽɱ
ǿͷԨսѾڲ֮أͨƿز̽ԷһжԷҪ͵Ϯܡ
ýˡ
ţ˳УͷԨĸˮΣڱĿսȭں֮󣬾ѸٵںϣϳԨ屾壬ĸˮںһ𣬽֮ҫɫâ
սȭڣ
ȭͷսۣȫȭͷ֮ϣ˱ްٶȣͬһ㻯⣬ϮͷԨ壡
ԨٶҲȻˮΣٶȣû̫ܵӰ죬ԼȻʼܡ
Ԩǿ壬ڣȻʶĽܣ
䶷Χۿһ̾ѣ֮ǰʲôˣСӣȻڽͷԨĳ似
ڣ似ɹͷԨ徹Ȼ֡𾪣
ܹܵΨ𾪣Ȼ˾ڼˣǳмڣҲ̲סо
Ϊս뷨治һܹģһûܹ似ϻͻƣǻᱻͷԨŪ
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䶷ϣҲûжþĵˣƾսȻ󲻶׷ͷԨĽ֮
ԨĽ֮͵ˮ״ڿռжٶʵ̫ˣԼǿ˲٣ٶҲ֮ǰһǺ׷һ
ңԨԶԶڸ˶УҪתʲôıñȽѣͷԨ壬֮͹죬ڿռмת˶⡣
֮£μΪ׾䶷ϺֱײͷԨ壬Ǻڶ׷ɱ
һ׷һӣûжģƾսȴӾĶǡ
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һ̣˷ӿ壬ֱӳͬһ£֮ǰԸ̫ӵƣԨɱԵ͵Ϯ
֮ǰͷԨѾʧȥĳɵĽ壬ַһУȥҲ֣Ԩ嶼ԼˣΪĳɷ֣ʵȱʧ̫ˡ
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ȻЩ壬ұȴ޷ͻƤ㣬ʼƤ֮ⱬƣ
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˶¿϶ˣȻǾͿԿʼϷѪӵһǧȻһɱԱƺͷԨ϶Ҳˣȴܼһʱ䡣
Ԩ岻ǾսʧˣͷԨ壬Ȼ˵ǸѪɳ档
ǰʮ˶ͷԨ巢սսþǧټ϶ľֵѡѪɳǴ׬׬ԨȻĻðЩųȥֱӽʡǧң
ѾʼʧڽЩɫ׵ĻǣֻĿųУЩưѪӣ·˵㻹һһǧ򡭡
һ̣˾ͶЦˣЦŵľֻʣѪһˡ
Ϊ䶷ϣ֣Ȼ˷һƣЩѪģȴȻжӱ֮г˳
ȻȭͷֱӳʧȥжԨ壬һȭȥ
սȭڣ
ȫѪ죬ܿڿս˫似£Ѹٻָ˹Ȼһȭҵöˮϣ
һöˮαֱҷɣȻڰоɢ˽壬ͬһ̯Һһ㣬䶷ĵϡ
ո͵ϮƣͷԨ˵ѾһŵһαƹͷԨն
ʣµöˮΣѾʧȥٺսˣȻȴǼΪ΢
űڶöˮΣһΣöˮβδߣײ˹ڿҪʱֱӱը
𣿡
ɫ΢䣬һöˮεֱӱƣɱ֮ǰɢǿöˣ
֮£ֻƾеУֱʩչմԽ䶷ԵȻˮεıը㸲ȫ
һöˮҲûйӲдֱӱƣͷԨţһ̳й
ͷԨ壬ڱץѪɳ֮󣬽սʤʮǿߣʮ̫ˣڣȴԱ
ȫ£׸סھñȽԶǵֵס˶Է˫رơ
ǿûܵκ˺
ǽ̫£ҲˣһɻǻˣڵǿȣѾûпλ׼޲˶ˣȽ̫Ҫǿ˺ü
䶷ϣԨŵĽ壬ȫڱʲôҲûʣ£ȳɢȥٴ䶷еʱ򣬻վ䶷ϵģֻʣһˡ
ͷԨ壬ǳ嶼ˡ
ʤ˰ɡ
䶷սĺۼΪпԨ廹ս壬֮Ķ飬Ψɱɱɱһɱ⡣
Ԩ˵壬Ȼ塣
ڿռԨеԨ壬ᶯ滷ΪӣҪռԨռĽ뷨ǿġ
ⲻܣվԼϣԨȻ顣


1095 Դ
䶷
˶ûôӦֱˣͷԨ壬Ѿױɵˣ˵ͷԨԼԱˡ
̶ֳܴȵԱдɽСӣرǿ
Ҫ֪̫ӶûܳסͷԨƣСȴסˣοСڲŶǵ۾Σ͸ѵˡ
ɱĹ£ҲЩơ
ǻţɽˣԨ廹ܴһʱأȴû뵽ɽôӲԨԱûܽɱ
һʮ⽱ɶöˡ
ĻʮңΪǶǵ۾սǵ۾Զ
һɱµ˵˵ŽֻǹҲûʲôۺģǷŹĽڶĶء
ֻǣô콱ȫһŶǵ۾ȥˣЩ̫ƽ⡣
ʮöң˵һʾ޿ˣȫƾôңǰʱӡǴֱӴǰڵǺӣ彮֮С
һսõջԶԶֹڴˣ˾ʮ֮⣬ܴѪӶľõгȡһ룬Ҳϰˡ
ҪǣͷԨʮ⽱
˵ģȻеԴʯԼԴǰǵʮ⽱ֵöҵĴ֮öǵھż⽱ֵܼҲʮң޾Ʒҩ
ԴʯһöƷĴ֮ȻֻεƷƷʣԵ۾ε˵Чãпֱһ硣
ʮ⽱У֮ǻʯģֱƷƷЧȻԴʯԶˣȴҲǲĶÿһֵʮҡ
ܵ˵һԨսֱӾ͸˳ҵ棬д󲿷ʣҶ˵Ѿ㹻ֻҪʮҴ͵ǺӾˡ
ܿ죬ʹѪֵһʮҵĶľַֺ죬ǽ̫ϳԨ˵Ļľַֺܶһ
ԨˣòѺע˲ϣѪ׬ңʼ˲١
ȻѪڽ̫ǳսУѾӮܵĲ˵Ǵ׬׬
õЩн֮ʱûȤѪɳмȥˣϾѾ׬㹻ңǰǺˣЩҸط¡
תһ룬սĻұ彮򣬶ҲһѪɳĵط˰ɣ
ȥǺҲҲһҲǺżΨһҪĵľǾĽˣһʱ䣬Ѿȥһ룬ʣ°꣬ĽҪȫתˡ
вһ˿ȸУԱѪ˵һȻ׼뿪Ѫɳ
ǴöԴʯһ𣿡
Ѫӿ˿ȻЦǲҪ뿪ѪɳѪɳиռ䣬ԵȥԴʯ磬һڹռ䣬κ˴㣬ԸĻܼһЩǿλײεս
һʶЩϾѪֻƼˮꡣ
һ룬ѪݵλܸߣұλףҪԸĻҪˣʲôУֱӶԸˡ
ãлѡ
ͬˣҲûʲôõطȥġ
Ǳɡ
Ѫ˵ţת뿪ط
ѪɳĲ㣬ոԨսǧսһս󣬵ǽ̫ɨأ
ȻڵĽ̫ӻ˱Уѹ֮Ҫ֪ԨսҪѪ
Щ׻ȫѪ뿪ıӰǲ̫ưոˡ
Ѫɳ㣬ȻŲٹռ䣬ռ䣬ɲǮܿٵģʵ͵λ
ѪѪɳռ䣬ҲֻǽϵĹ⣬ܿģռУԿѪɳ߲
Ѫɳ߲УѺŵĶλ׼ĳǿߣÿһͷǷ˾ţܹ֮ս׽ġ
λ׼ޣս߲Ǻܶ࣬һҲôս˵ҪεսҪ
ռʱ򣬷һģĿռ䣬еĴڣͿԿѪɳ߲⻹кüƫ
׼һƫȥԴʯѪӸ̰ͼ㶫ֱ֮Ӿȸ뿪ˣԼȥ˳ռġԿס
ʵҪһöƾöɽռ䣬ǰռеκεط
һƫȷΧû֮ȡöԴȻһöȥ
Դ޾Ʒҩ̺ŷǳŨһ˿֮ȻеĴ֮࣬Դʯɢһ㣬һ
Դħ֮İɣһӦñȽϺɹġ
ţȻԴеޱŨӿ뵽ȫµľﵱУУǳֱһǳ֮ԴҩЧһ
似ЧȷǷǳãܹƾУȫյҩеһöԴЧ˼¡
ͬǷһöԴõЧѰ޷õЧҪ屶֮֮࣬Ĳڡ
޾յڣȻ฽ۣħ֮ĵһصʼħ֮ġ
ħ֮ģΪĵڶ࣬ǴӾĵطҲǵѾġ
Щɻ󣬾ħ֮ģôڵ࣬ѵʱȫ˲ɣ
ֵĻһжпܵģǵĻʲôܰ񾳽ľ۸ɵ
ҡҡͷûж룬ǰѸˣؼҪħ֮ɹ
һصħ֮ģͿӵǿȽһ
Ҳ֪ڶػʲôЧ᲻ǣ²еģܹԼͬһֵҩҩЧ˥Ч
һУֻ֪ɹħ֮ģܹٿ
ؿڸۣȻڵľģγһģʱε鷢ˣǾǹ⿿һöԴȻ㹻ħ֮ģ
ˣһ£öԴȥħ֮ĵۣϾõڶöԴҩЧǻġ
ǾֻܷԪ徵ˡ


1096 ڶ
ӾĽ֮Уõö޾ƷĵҩԪ徵֮ǰѾùöֱͻƵһǵ۾Ͷǵ۾
Ժõģֻٷһöˡ
öԴһöԪ徵ȫȥޱȳȫ£฽۳һ࣡
޾ƷԪ徵ȻѾǷõˣЧֻǷõһεķ֮һ̺ԶԶöԴܺͣǳƷҩƷҩ֮ľ޴࣡
ʱһһţĵڶ࣬ħ֮ģ۳ʱ˿̣оȫѪ⾭ħ֮ϵһ
ħ֮Ŀʼ˵һоԼޱǿֻҪħ֮Ļ飬ܹƾڶ࣬
ˣħ֮ط֮⣬õöҩл̺Ųٴ֮ĵͨϢͨǿ˲١
Ϣǻʵεͨھ۵ҲѾңԶˣҪԸĻֻҪԴʯеĴ֮ضܹ̤뵽ǵ۾ĲΣȴδżǴ顣
ħ֮ĵʱ䣬ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ռУûκ˹ѪڣûмӰ
ѪӻǱȽεģص˾ĽУֻƫ˾ӡǣֳһâ
Ȼھӡػһκ⣬̵õϢ
ص˾ĽеͿʼһΪȲҪ֪ħ֮ĵĵڶصʲôЧ
ӾУٶȻ൱ģϾֻƾӡǣһԭĶˡ
ھڲһƬɭľۣЩĵУĳЩصĶħ֮ط
֣ԼոľӡǣܿĸеõϢ
հٷ֮ʮľӡǣӦܹطȫȫ˲Ŷԣʣ°ٷ֮ʮĲ֣ӦþǾ۶ʾľĵʱԴ
Ҫħ֮ĵĵڶأ֪ܲķԼֵܹͬҩҩûʲôչռоˡ
ôɣҸսĽˣ
һʱûмȥֱ뿪˾Ľ磬صУ˹ռƫС
֣ոսպãƫĴžͱһ߿ˡ
΢üͷѪӵĹռ䣬˭ƫţ
ʶСֻǸܵ˿ȴ֪˭
ƫűһ߿֮󣬳ǰľȻһŮӣһĵĺº췢Ůӡ
Ůļã¸Եһͷ췢䣬Ķ΢΢Ʈҡ
˭
ʶһ䣬ôƯŮӣϸܵһϢǺѪʲôϵɣ
ǺŮȴδش⣬ֻһ⣬ˣҾͻشġ
£ŮȫѪɫƮɢ˫֮ȾһɭȻɱϱ
̾һӽΪ״̬ΪܵŮӾǳλ׵ĴڣѪӸǿ
ļһҪɱ׾ٵġ
ʶľӳԷһ£Ȼһ룬ȴܿ췢֣ԼθԼĿˡ
һѪɫ׵ĽڣһУȻԶ
֮壡
̷֮壬֮ЧҲرãǿԶһ£ȻڽǺŮӵĹƽˡ
һѪɫ⣬ٿȻ٣ֱӳͷ­ն£
ǿԶһ£˲ӣ̧ӭϣѪɫ˸Ȼֱӽһֱ۸ն
˵ѾܹܵˣϾһֱʵ㲻ʲô
ȵȣ
Ȼһƫ֮⴫˽һɫӰȻ룬ֱŮӸǰ
ʼձžƿص״̬Ȼ֪˱Ѫӡ
Ͻ㣬Ǹ˵ˣɽʶѣְ
ѪƵɫǺŮǰ˵ĻǺŮӸһ㶡
ǾŮӵݣͬʱҲоԼӦǵþˣҪӳˡ
ǺŮӣЩ죬˿Ѫӣֿ˿жʱֳһĨǸɫ
˼ΪС͵š
Ůһˡ
ɽ֣û°ɣ
ѪסԼ㣬㳯ܹûڣǱǸϽ̫嶯ˣöҩӦֱȫ
Ѫȡһö̫ż˵ҩöҩǰҲùöκҶ΢ĵҩ
Ʒĵҩһֱۣټ򵥲ˣ˵ǴСá
òö˵ҩնһֱ֮󣬻һּΪĸо
ĵڶ࣬ħ֮УϵӿնֱֱУǰֱۣЩ΢Ĳͬ
ﲻͬ˵ȴǸһ
ħ֮ģԽҵȫܣһ˵ܹܹȫǰùĵҩᵼҩЧ룡
֪Ϊʲô߷ͬһֵҩҩЧ룬ΪһöҩǵҩĳҩٴηֵͬҩʱҩЧ롣
ħֱֱ֮֮еĸҩƺȫʧˣ
һܴ
ֱֱڱûҩȫȫҩʧҪְ취öԪ徵ȫеҩʹ֮
һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬²ʵôҪȵħ֮ڶأܹͬĵҩȫҩЧˡ
ֵܣö˵ҩҵòš
뵽ЩеһɨգЩϲѪ˵ͻƵĹؼʱ̣λǷĻ
ãɽʲôҪ󾡹ܷԸȴϽ뿪
ѪӹһЦƺûʲôԹҲͷˣתǺŮӳƫ֮ȥ
ŮӱѪߣͷһһ˿档
ΪǱˣĪնһֱۣ϶൱ŭİɣСӣȻЩϲְ
СܣѣǲеⰡôնֱۻôأ
ŮѹѪӼΪĴʵ


1097 
ԼⷬѪΪƣֻ˵ɽɲһˣϽ㿴ͻȻһûܽնɱӦþ֪ˣҪ֪Ͻλף
ΪСˣûȫȻˡ
ŮһƺǺܷӣȻһǵ۾СѪӾ뿪ƫ
뿪˿
»ص˾ĽУȻ׼Աħ֮ģԱҲܹģԱʱʶḽħ֮ϣκβס
ôҲһǵ۾ߣҪԱȻҸտĵطڹռ֮ԱȻռ¶⵽ܴƻ
οҲѪ֪Լħ֮ܡ
˾ĽһƬտУһħ֮ģҪԱԼҲҪܴģͲȱ
ұ
һȫͻȻǣȫĴľűȻ˲ҷ
ȻǳǿӲԼҪԱĻ׾ٵģֻҪڸ໥ͻͿˡ
ֻһ˲䣬ֱԱյУһϮȥӵǧ￪⡣
ⷽԲǧķΧ֮ڣߴڣṳ̂ؾߣᱻԱҲˡ
ԱԳ֮ǰͷԨԱƻƵͶ·ĻҲԱֶԸˡ
Ȼʱ̣϶ǲѡԱģΪԱ֮ԼʧȥжԱɱֵĻôȥƾԷ׸ˣΣԼ
ȵԱɢȥƽʱԭڵоֻʣһŵ࣬ĵڶħ֮ġ
ʱħ֮ڲϴΧͨתۣ¹ԭ
¹ԭǿһΨһĲͬûеҩܹͬĵҩ
ʶħ֮У߶ħ֮ģԼȻħܹ֮еԼٶȴ졣
ΪĽӽڿݽߣ㻨ʱ䣬ڽԼٶȣʵ̫ˣҲ;һвڼҵսʩչ
ңƣֻʣħ֮ĵʱκֶζʹãߴͨ似ȵȣ״̬µȫûκεֿģһߣܰħ֮ĻȻҾԶȥˡ
֮ȫ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ħ֮ط߲Σвһ飬ʱǲսжֶεˡ
ħ֮ĵδǱΪڴģĲ˵ܣڿԽʣµöԪ徵ȫյˣеȫҩԣûκҩԵ˥
û˷ʱ䣬ֱӿʼʣµöԪ徵ȻöԪ徵ͬʱãֻȷһöȻԱܷһö޶ȵյҩҩ
õҩҪھĽУص磬ǹռƫȥԸ޶ȵĽյǳϢҩҩЧ
ʱоѪӺ㣬뿪˹ռ䣬֪ȥʲôطˣ֮ǰ飬Ӧòᷢڶ˰ɡ
ʼʣµĵһöԪ徵
Ȼͬϵǰ㣬ٴηԪ徵ûиܵκҩ˥һöԪ徵еҩԣȫȫıˣ
ͬĵҩõڶҲûҩ˥Ҫ˵ȥֻܹϧİ취ȻὫȥħ֮ŵģǾеĶ̣ܽκˡ
ħ֮ĵĴںЧκˡ
һöԪ徵޾ƷҩǵĴηãҩԷǳϤһξȻʹ屶ҩԵı似ļӳɣܹԭҩֱͻͽ
ͨϢĵһŵԪ徵еĴֱ֮֮ͨӱøӴ׳ϴһָʴϢ
۵ͨϢ
ڽϢ˵۵ͨϢѾǵ۵ͨˣڸǿֲھϢлһָʴЧʩչӿֲ
̤ǵ۾ĲΣռܹ˰ʱ䣬ϻͻƣֱ֮ǰǿڵȥԸ֮ǰͷԨ壬¾ܽˡ
ţȻԼĽȲǺ⣬Ϊǵ۾ؾкܳһξ룬ڰ̤ؾĻĽڶİýΪܴ⡣
ԣȫûиͶ뵽С
һöԪ徵׼Աһ֮󣬲ܹãδżȡ˴Ѫɳõ⽱ֱԴʯʯĴ֮
֮У̺ŷḻĴ֮ǵ۾ؾεΪҪƾ൱Ļʯ֮ֵʮöء
Ԫ徵޾ƷҩȻ̺Ŵ֮ʵϣЩ֮ȴԶԶȲϴ֮öࡣ
һԪ徵ԴʯԴʯУ̺ŴĴ֮֮Ũ̶ȣѾԪ徵ˣҪӾһЩ
ոշԪ徵Լǵ۾ͬʱһ¾֮壬þ֮峯ŵһ
ԴʯеͲطֻܹ磬ͨǿˡ
Ʒ
еԴʯ̺ĳǴ֮൱ϤˣھѾˣҪͻƵؾûκƿ
ԴʯеĴ֮൱ŨģԪ徵ֻһͻƵǵ۾ȴǲһġ
ˣ˵ˣ񼶵Ĵ֮ǵ۾öܹһ̤ǵ۾С
ͲҪöô࣬Դʯ֮󣬻öʯĴ֮Ȼд֮ǺŨҲһΪ
ټһöԪ徵ܹһͻƵǵ۾
ͻ֮ٴգԻøǿȶǵ۾ʱǿʮ
ԴʯöʯĴ֮ʼֱŨĴ֮ԴԴĽڣĸ֮ͨΧ
һ˫ڰ۾Ӱۣ֮ĵͨ


1098 ͻͽ
ԴʯöʯĴ֮еĴ֮𽥱ԽԽƽԴʯһͨʯͷ
еĴ֮ȫĵĸ֮ͨϣǺɫ˫۱ø䡣
ͨӰۣ֮ڳΪ˵۵̤ͨǵ۾У
֮˿Լȫȵȱչ֮ǰĶǵ۾Ҫǿ˽ʮ
ңҲΪǿ˲٣Ͽս塢似ãڵǿȣԴﵽ˵۾ε߼ӵеĲΡ
ƾҾӲѰǵ۾ͨǵ۾ֶͨΣ޷׻ҵ
Լڵ״̬Ϊ⣬˶㣬Ϊ֮˸ǿߣĲ˵ǰѪӾһ
ȻѪӵĽ㡭
ѪӣҲŶʮģȻѾһλףӵԼС磬㣬͸Ϊ

ʣµԴ̵ǵ۾ˣȻѾ۳ħ֮ģûҪҴˣʲôȫõãȫǿԼ
Ӱ˵ĵҩһЧ̫ãҪĻһöԪ徵ûԥֱӻص˾ĽУȻ׼һԱԼ
ֻһȫԪ徵еĴ֮

ѪɳУѪӵĹռУһʱ䡣
һʱ֮ڣΪ˵ͻͽմƫ߳ʱǵ۾ĲΣ֮ǰǿ˽ʮϢӰ̤֮ͨ˵۵Ρ
ٺһöԪ徵֮󣬻֮˵صĳ̶ȣ
ܹܵصľ֮壬ֵܹĸ״̬ǿˣͻͽΪٴѪӽ͵ϮҲǿֻܶһֱˣӦÿԶĲ֡
֮ļ죬ֻصȥ۲һϵ
ϲˣʱڣͻͽϵˣͬͻͽ
ƽн;ݵĴڣϵٶȱü죬Ҫ֪ڼٵžĽڵ
ѣš𰡢濡䡢Ҷ֡µˣһɫȫɾ˵۾۷Ϊ
ЩˣԭеĲеĲŻʾĲͨؾؾĴڣ̶ʱڣȫͻƵٻʾﵽ˵۾۷塣
ȥҪ̤һǵ۾ûôˣϾھĽУ̫֮ϡ٣еĻҲ϶Լˣܸš
ʣСʱ䣬ϣ̤ؾɡ
뵽δ˽ӳ磬Ϊʱûҵ֮Ҳûط죬ھĽкˡ
ʥۡܰϦ衢濵ˣ뿪ĽˣȴδӦǴֻ˵õȵǺӣҵС
ɱϣʵ̫ˣ°Ƿų˻ʲô⣬οӦúܿҪ뿪ˡ
չһºڴӹռƫ˳ѪӺպûص
ϲϲɽֽȻѸͣ
ѪһǰһʱӶǵ۾ͻƵǵ۾ٶȣǰδ
ֱۺˡ
ѪӵĽ㣬Ҳº췢ԸŮҲǰһСûҪѪӵ˵ҩԼֱ۾ͺˣвٺö
š
˵ͷЦսͷԨĽ̫ˣҲû뵽̶ȣҵԤϡ
սԨǵ㶫ؾҲͶˣӶǵ۾ǵ۾ܡ
Ѫ´ЦʲôܣҲȥ̽ʽΪһ°ɣλҽ㣬ݺ֮ǰǱǸ
û£ʵҵ
Ҳǰ˰֣ڽԼ˵˳ΪȷԷԼûκͼıģҪȻһʱڣܹıˡ

Ѫһ֣ʱɫ΢䣬ͷһԼĽݺ
ŮݺҲЩ죺ԭ벻
ʶң
ֵˣôᴫﵽ
Ǳƺֵͦģ˵Ϊ㣬ϵʥŮҳˡ
Ѫӵ˵ͷ˵
ʥŮ˭
һʶʵ
㲻ʶ
ݺЩ졣
ԭҵʶ֮ǰ֪ǾϵġʥŮ
ȻԭھϵʥŮҳʲô˼ѵǲʥŮˣ
Ϊ
ƺе㲻̫԰
벻ףߺԼʲôϵΨһĹϵҲھĽˣѵǾĽʧܣھ̫Ŀ
ڰǱʱϢһȻȥĽģ벻ˣҿûطȥˡ
뵽
֮⣬ھϲʶʲôˣڵĻȥҲûʲôˡ
£ҲֻǰȥˣҸȵĵطȰѾĽеٺ˵
Ϣȴرϸ֣Ҳֻ֪ˣ֪ģҲͽھĽ֡
Ѫ´¶һĨаĻЦô˵Ǵھ۵С磬ˣ
⻰һնʱЩ
ȴǹһЦϡ
Լ˵ʱʼѾѪˣûҪٲҴţԷҲ˵ˣ彮ڲֻ֪
οݴȥ˲ûκκôǲ
ˬ죡
ѪĿ¶֮ɫ˵һ۵С绹㲻ʲôҴţ
ʱֻΪоϢȽڲͬҪύһȴû뵽Ȼһݡ
ҵ֣ҶѪӣΪѪĻ嵱У츳ӣ
ѪӶ֣Цҽһڣ˫ʶˡ
츳ӣ㣬츳Ůӣ
ҲЦһգȻһԱضĺŮӺݺ
ԸܵݺȺߣ˵Ӧǲģ˵ݺ϶Ⱥ츳ߡ
ѽ۹ⲻ
ݺô˵ʱһ֮ɫʵѪһŵţ˵Ѿˣ⻰ȴ֮ǰĶϱһûϣǸúݺ˿ĵط


1099 Ѫһ
˫ʽʶһ֪֮Ѫһ嵱еĵλΡ
彮УܹʮǺӣÿһǺӵУкüȺͺ彮ڵһ
ɱ壬ǺеĴ֮һƹǺеĴ֮һɱǡ
֮ǰĽ壬ͬǺӵĴ֮һƿصǺĴǺеһǡ
֮£ѪǺӵĵλȻôˣΪǺӣѪĴӪ
ĽѪͽ塢ɱȣʵԳ࣬ΪѪһ壬ǶռһǺӣͳǺе
Ǻӣ㱻ѪǺӣ彮ʮǺ֮һ巶ΧǺСӦģѪǺֻһȺѪΪԷǳŽᣬʵǺ
ϾǺУĴ֮䣬ٻһЩìܴڵġ
ΪˣѪӺݺܹǺӵɱϣӵһѪɳеĹռ䣬ռ䣬ɲʲô˶ܹõģǮҲ򵽣ΪѪɳڹռ޵ġ
ͺݺѪһеλҲǳȻкݺѪһĻУһһţڲŸչʮ꣬Ѿλ׵Ϊ
λףݺҪѷɫ˲٣˿Ӱĸ飬˶ͬһףѪһ峤
ΪˣűѪӣԶ
ȥʲô㣬׼Ѫɳ
һԼڵѪһ壬Ȼѯ˵֮ǰԨһս˶㣬˵ֻǼ˽̫ӵıˣŻͷԨ塣ȥ㻹սĻȻܸ߰
ȻˣǾ׬һߣѪɳУʲôȽǿ𣿡
ЦһЦʵ
׬ҺԴĻᣬףɲװ˷ˣ֮ǰҲȰõС
ֻҪٴӮһȥ¾ͺѴӶľ׬̫ǮˣΪʱ˶֪ʵͬѰײľ֡
ȻҪͲ˷ĻᣬõĶ־Ԩǿ壬ֻܼǱսΡ
ǿģҲûУȽټѪɳĲУӦôͷɣҪսʲôģǵ۾ǵ۾
ս뷨ʱ˫۶Ǿͱ׬øడ
һʱ䣬ͺݺѪɳͬʱ˲ٶľ֣Ӯûиʱʱôˬġ
ǵÿʲô͵Ķˣǵ۾ǵ۾Ӧö˶ٰɡ
˼һ˵ȥѪɳĲ㿴˵
һȥɡ
ݺһЦ棬ͦкøеģҪǿһֱ۾ȻûʲôСԸ൱θڡ
ȻûоܾʵҲû취ܾݺͬУϾԷǿö࡭
һҲûʲô˱һǰѪɳĲȥˡ
һе壬ȫǵ۾εľ磬һǵ۾ǵ۾УֻҪǵ۾εߣ廹嶼սЩ壬Ը
ͺݺһĲ㣬һ˲˵ע
УвһǰսԨģʱǰһǶڵȻ̤뵽ǵ۾ĲΣٶȼֱδţ
ߵѪһţѪݺʱӶǵ۾ǵ۾õʱҲֹһ°ɣ˾ȣ
ϴսԨõǵ㽱磬֮ǰͻԴһһյˡ
Ӧˣһǵ۾Ϊ϶ȹ̣ս´ﲻѰǵ۾ˮ׼
׷
˵ȻûЩˣѪɳĲһһ䶷ȥѰҡ
ںͺݺһ¶ڵ͵߲תƣԶԵĲ㲢Ǻ˽⣬һ䶷ʲô壬Ҫҹȥܹ֪֮
ߵ˵ע˻ΪЩ˲²⣬϶Ҫսһͷ壬ôǾֿԿһϷˡ
Ԩ̫ϡ٣ѪɳĲƺûһͷˣ֮ǰɱһͷΨһһͷ
ܿ죬˽ѪɳĲ˸飬䶷ϣ廹ģ塢塢塢ȵȡ
ЩȺھĽѾܶˣǳϤЩ壬ǿȶرǿǲǺܸȤ
˵ϻЩʥЩʥձ۶ߣھĽУھĽλøı䣬Щ壬һʱҲҲĽںδֻǲ֪Щʥûʲô
ţ۲䶷ϣһͷͷ塢壬̬Ķܹ࣬ץѪɳ壬ٶսȽǿޡ
ھĽʱЩޱΪޣѰЩͬɱܹõһЩ⾧壬̺ŨòС
Ȼڵ۾ε˵þûôˡ
Ĳ㶼û̫ǿˣȽǿ壬һ˵ȽԻ׽׽ҲԱѪɳ͵壬ȷȽ١
ұĲ֮󣬺Щʧûǿޣƺû˱ȽϺõս
ܿЦˣûǿҲУǾսͷɡ
壬ҲԿһ壬ԨˣԨ岻ᶯģǿ󣬵壬ȴûй̶ȫֻ̬޷ֻ֪ͨ̽ڡ
ֻ壬Ѱ˵ǷǳԶԸģΪǿĻ壬ڣɵƿصֶΣϢɱ
ԣѪɳĲУҲֻһͷһͷ屻䶷У޷ڣΪ䶷ػڣҲܲлĴڣֻܴ䶷Ľ֪Ѻһͷ塣
䶷ϵɱֻһˣΪͷʵ̫ˣһ㶼ʲôѡսһˣҲֻʮһսͷ壬ȫʧܡ
⵼ͷĶ⽱Ҳö˲٣Ȼ֮ǰͷԨĶ⽱ԶԶȲˣ⣬ͷսѶȣԲͷԨ壬ԸûԸսͷ塣
ͷǵ۾εĻ壿
һ㶣û뵽ûǿ壬ҲӦѡȫûɣ
壬սʱ򣬶ǲȥĴڣսϣֻȺܹȥԿ壬ֹͻƷߣ


1100 ս
ȫû뵽Ҫս壬Ϊ壬ѰܹԸġ
Ҫս壬Ҫǿ֪̽𣿡
Щɵʵ
֪̽һûģͷǵ۾Ļ壬϶Ӳҵĸ֪
ĵ˵
Ȼڲǵ۾ƾ۵ͨӰۣ֮Լڰزεطƿأܹǵ۾Ļ塣
ֶܷԷĻôҲ̫Щ
һֶΣȫǾģɵˣ֮ǰ˵ԨӲھ裬ǱȲİɡ
ݺҲɻĳѡЩ⡣
Σȴ˲֪ȥսˡ
δ˵ЦһЦתͳ䶷Եɱ˹ȥ׼ս䶷еĻ塣
ѡ񣬺ͺݺȻ⣬ȻģҲûֹ
һζսԨ壬Ƕǵ۾ǵ۾ܹʤһǵ۾̬ȥսǵ۾Ļ壬ӦҲûŶԣӦ
۾Ժݺ˵
ݺıӰСһҿҶͬĻ壬ϾĹֶ̫죬ʤҵҪ˳ǿܴܲ䶷ϻ
Լ̬ȣҲΣ֪ݺڼ츳أСӣǵ۾սǵ۾Ȼüͷһ£治Ѱ顣
ʤѪɳд￪ȥ˵ʵһսǺġ
ȻȻѡ϶ô˵ҲǴϽгŹһеˣ
Ͻ㣬׼δģֱѺǧңΣ
ԺݺЦ
ݺԣߺߵǧң˵ȫҲ˰ɣҪܹˣҿɲ㡣
Ͻ㣬Ҳ̫ˣҿӮһͷ壬˵СЩֶΣպÿƻأҪҲôš
۾˵
㣬ҿɲܡ
ݺһۿźҪȥעͻȻһǵøҶһǧ򣬶ʤģӮҵģ
һʱɥϽ㣬ⲻ۸ҵģϣܹǧҼҵﻹжһ򡭡
ҹ㣿ѺǧӮ˷һͿˡ
ݺɵʼ˵
ʱ档
һ룿൱˼ǧ
Ͻ㷢ɲҲӣֻܰһѺעǧȥڶӮ֮һ롣
֮ǰѾһңսͷǵ۾Ļ塣
ͷΪǵ۾ս˲٣Ѷ֪ԱҪһҡ
⻨Ѳˣ˵ǽӽһҲƲ
֮ǰսԨɹõ˾ʮҵĻһʮĶľַֺ죬ܹʮֱ֣ӾͽһȥսԿҲ˭ʸսġ
Ȼ˸߰ս֮󣬿϶ʮֿɹ۵棬ֻҪܹͷ壬ǻңң
ǻ磬Ի߳Ҳң۳ܹ֮׬ң
⣬ͷ֮ǰһѾܹʮսߣܹͷܣ⽱
һһöƷĴ֮ֵ൱֮ǰԴʯ
һ⽱һö޾Ʒõĵҩ޾ƷĵҩֵԳԴʯ⼶Ĵ֮ϧûá
ȻⶫûҲǮȻٿԻͬ޾Ʒҩ彮ֽ׺ܺ
һҪעǣⳡսȷ򵥡
˵սͷʮսУֻһȽϾͨóֶεջȫķ裬еԶ뵽˻þУ޷԰Ρ
ֲֿ³Ҫ˾壬ͷ壬Ѿüûʽˡ
ʾҪսǳɱµԤϡ
ǵ۾壬ƺһǰԨСӣȻ磬ƾ˾սǵ۾Ļ塭ǲ
ɱиۣһңȻܾıˡ
֮ɱ̾ͿʼⳡսҸһЩͷͷ硰Ԩ塱ѹ̫ӡȵȣܿܶ˹䶷׼ۿⳡս
ⳡսĶľ֣Ҳܿ쿪ʼˣޱ𾪵ǣѪӾȻֵˣһֱѺǧңɽʤͷնɱ
սʱõֵȻǡɽǡˡ
ѪǷ˲ɣϴѺעһǧɽϣȫΪ̫ӵԵʣܼˣһοû˸ɽͷˣ
һΣǿԽսһǼΪѲĻ壬̫أɽûʲôʤˣѪӣο϶Ҫʧˡ
쿴˹ˣ
ܿһ˱طҴҸȻѶĽˣΪ׵֮ǰ֮ǰսԨĽ̫ӣ
֮ǰսԨʱ򣬽̫ӱԨ͵ϮֱըѪڹȥһµȻѾȫ˺ˡ
ʱ˿̣̫䶷ϣȴͻսдһĨͲм
ǽɽСӣ浱ԼǿˣȻԽս壬Լòͷˣ
̫һ
ͺݺڽ̫ӵĵûие⣬Ϊ֮ǰսԨһڽ̫˵һ衣
ڽ̫˵ɽ϶ǻصעģɽճߣѾȥ֪̫ͨӹˡ
ٺ٣̫ӲضŭСϴֻǼ˸ˣһûʲô˿Լˣ
Ǿǣͷǵ۾Ļ壬̫Ӵϳһ֣Сϳɾ
һȺĻʼԽ̫ƨý̫˧ϱչ˿Ͼ֮ǰǼ飬ȷܴġ
е͸ý̫ЦΪľ֮󣬼˶Ѻ˻ϣǶȫõ
ֻѪӺһˣȻѺעǧϣһΣҲֻһԸѺעˡ
һεʱ򣬻ҪͶźѺϣһΣͶ˶ûˣûκһţܹսʤͷ壡
Ҽǵ֮ǰɱһǵ۾ţսͷ壬ϧȴͷֶθ÷񲣬մڻþ֮У³ңСӸͷĶˣ
˶˽˽ѪɳĲ㣬ͷǵ۾ĻʵǶˣΪѾкܶţͷС


1101 űѪ
һˣ䶷ԵĶ׼ռйۿͷ֮ǰսӰ񣬺ܿͷ֣ЩӰи޷ʲôֵֶΡ
Ϊͷ壬ʹõȫȫǾ񹥻ֶΣû壬ûǿģֻܹ¼ͼӰӡҲʾͷֶ
壬óʩչ񹥻ֶΣұû壬Ҫ׽ǳѡ
˳˼С
һ֣ķӦûģϾо֮壬Ҳսͷʱ
ҪûôˣΪʲô񹥻ַΨһеľǳһ±Դ֮ˡ
һֶΣҲֻܹһӣûʲôɱҪƾɱ壬ǲܵġ
취УҪȻⳡսǱġ
ΨһڴģֻѪʥͼˣѪʥͼϣ̻кü־񹥻Ƕգ˵Խͷնɱо֮ڣҾ޷ǻɱҲǿȫ˵ģʧľֻнɵһҰˡ
š
ȻҪ˳ĻȫˣҲսʧܣͷѺעǧ϶ûˣԼܵвʱŲȥǧҡ
ܿ죬ʱ׼ʱȥˡ
뿪׼õĶռ䣬ճһ󻶺ԭǽ̫ӾȻҲǧң
ȻѪӺͬǣ̫ǽǧѺעڻϣֻҪͷ壬̫ӾͶӮˣõѪǧеһ󲿷֡
һľ֣Ϻͽ̫ӸԵǧңټѺעڻϵǧܶĽѾﵽһǧöңѪɳжǲģ˵ѪɳĵĲˡ
һ˵ֻڵ㡢߲ʱ򣬻лڶĽڵĲ۾εսУûʲôôǮ
ܹ׼ۿͻⳡսģѾﵽˣʱ仹ڲӡ
ô˹սûʲôκӰ졣
ɽǰɣϴ˱̫ӵıˣһҵҪƾʲôǻֵ»
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жʱһ£Ͼ̫Ӻⳡսľֵţ˶뿴ɽҪλӦ̫仰
˳Ԥϵǣһ仰û˵ǰֻ֮ɨǽ̫һۣȻͲͷȥ䶷˹ȥ
Ȼȫ˽̫ӵǾ仰
ý̫ɫһڣʱоرûӣСӣȻȫԿ
ߣһ֮ˣֺ̫αؽ
һԵĽ廤˵
ܸͷ壬ûֺαһ˼ƽôࣿ
̫ӵ˵ͷɫǷǳ裬Ͼôǰ⵽ӣ˵Ǵûй顣
ˣȫа취սʤǵ۾壬Բǵ۾ĻĶ֣һ㣬ȫǳȷ
ԣһֱڣûκһ˸ȥѺϣΪûκһΪսʤһ˿һĿܣ
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ʱһȵȺд˳ȻһµĸŮݺ̧˫ڸʹ
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䶷ϣʣһ㻤ϣֻҪϣ̾ͻܵûĻĹ
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޾籩ϮͷҪһԽκηĻᣬһֱǺɱУ
зϸʱ򣬵ǸӦ䶷Уŷԭǻ岢ǷǳΣƿأܹɸоλڣ
̤䶷㲶׽ͷڣȫɢһǳǳĺɫâǾ֮巢Ѿصľ֮壬Ȼͷľ籩Ƴ׵ֵסˣһգۼ㽫Щ籩ȫɵˡ
֮壬ǳطһܹεиӰط
ȻδߵĵھأֻǵأҲฺܹܶӰˣرǾĹǳǿ
һҵľ籩֮ķ֮£ֱӱû
ս֮˸ܲ˫Ľ棬ͷȴǸһ˲䣬ͷԭֹԭ궸ȻͶٶȱüΪ¡
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ڣϵľֱ֮ľ籩֮Уͷ忴Ĳ֮̾ͱ
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һЩĻпܾͻˡ
ͷ弴㱻ѺѪɳУʱ̲룬Ǿһһսûзϣ
Ҳһ
̨սͷ̱˸ǿֶΣ
ľ籩Чţͷ屾ֻ֣ÿֵ궼һУֱӳ
ͨԴ͸һֱߵ꣬廹壬ѹ˻壬пܱɱ
ϾƿߣУûκģΨһüľꡣ
Ȼǿ󣬵ڻû˿壬ڻ忴ȻֽһֻҪһܴ̾顣
ֻΧһ㵭ĺɫâΧƣĺɫâֵס˷ŵľ籩
֮ȻԻǳƣҲбĹʱ򣬱֮ǰͷ
ţɫΪأһֽ̧޾սѪʥͼȡ˳
űѪ
Ѫʥͼϣʱһ̯Ѫӿ̺һĴűһűȻԼ̶в˼
һֶΣо˵ȴûжãԴľ壬壬ʩչһӲЧ


1102 űѪ
űѪѪʥͼһŴűͼԹЧܹԾЧ¶ս£Чֱӵ˼¡
ϧѪʥͼϵĹΣ޾սĻỹǲһʵսʩչűѪûܱ
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۲ɼľ壬ѳ֣ÿֶһУҪֱͻ꣬УȴȫűѪȥҾУ
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һ̣彫űѪɳľڵķȻϮ
ЩȫǾɣűѪһֳѪɫȻҪľ궼ڳһԽǿָоԽǿң
ԭֻͣƾУ˲ʩչմԽ䶷ϵһС
Щ۳ѪɫʧȥĿֱ֮ײ䶷ıԵϣƺΪЩԭǻԼӵУЩƲǷǳӦ֣Ѫɫת䶼С
ţҵľ籩ӻڴ֣ϮһΣ޷ܣԷķΧʵ̫ڹ
ܵԷһо񹥻ֶΣ乥ǿȲ൱һƷ󣬲ҹΧǳǿ϶ġ
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ܹԿֶΣûж٣˾֮ķ֮⣬ֻʣѪʥͼűѪˡ
ʱ˿̣Էһ쾫籩Ϯ⿿֮壬о޷׵ֵԱűѪֶԷһ־
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ѪɫűȻţȸղֹ˲ɢȥԷϮһ籩ȫλֵסҽյűѪУ
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籩Ȼ޷ۿԼģƾƿغͰӰ֮ϣֻԼԼĸоʵ̫ˣˣ¾ԻᱻֱӻУ
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޾սѪʥͼϹ˫ϢһһδűѪ
ңһűѪһûзɢǿ˲û˶Է籩ҷͷڴȥ
ǻ״ûκԥ̳ˣűѪ籩Ȼ䶷ķϣɢȥû˺ͷһ˿һ
ܹܵλãҪǾĨɱƺûôףҪűѪֶ̫һˣҲ׷ͷٶȡ
ɫѪʥͼи񹥻йصģҲֻűѪһжѣҪƾһнͷɱ̫ˡ
ǵ۾εĻ壬սץģץͷ֮ˣ϶ҲǾֶͨεǿˣͷս֮ǰܻʮս߲֡
䶷⣬Ѫӡݺ̫ӵˣڹۿһս
䶷⣬ܲлϢģֻܼڲϱ任λã䶷ϣ棬ǵ䶷ķϵ˲
˵а취İɣܹôãѾǰսͷǿˡ
Խݺ˵ڵı൱ȡ
˳ԤϣСӣеͰ
ݺ֮ǰͣȻĵģֻû뵽ƺͦɵӣǰսͷ󺹵Ľģ
㣬ȣ֪̽ǿܹͷλá
۾ʼΣһֶԾ񹥻˵Ը״̬ȽϺõĿֶΣͷĽǺЧһܹ˺ֶΣһֱڶãѪɫ籩ƺܹͷвܴ󡣡
ϧСӻ޷סͷ壬ֶΣҲ޷Ի˺óо潩
ݺΪȺߣȻҲЩڽȥľ棬ҲЩġ
ƾЩȥսͷĻ˵ܿҪԿˣϾͷǵ۾ĴڣһǴսץģ׺ݺͽթ̶ȣǳԽģ
̫ӣȺ׻żһϳ͹˵ģȴû뵽ܹͷֵ¼ôá
Сӣ˴ˣѵͷһսҲǱ˹ģ
пܰϾսͷģȫǶԾֶηǳͨߣҪ˵ͷˣҲǼпܵġ
ֻ֮ǰԨ壬ͷˣǲ֪ѣֱڣЩսߣǲ֪ͷʲôط
޷ľ壬֪Ǳ䶷ԵķΣλ׵ĺݺ޷̽⵽䶷ڵ
ΪˣⳡսУø˷룬Ϊζ
ʱţ̫ӵɫԽԽĽͷɵĻҪʧǧңʧĻӰ
ѪĹϵ˵ãȴرģٴѪһԺѪӣôǵһһָоǳˬ
ϴεĽңξԲٳˣСӣֶΣûô򵥰
̫ɱ¶


1103 ֶξ
һԵѪӺ̫еɱ
һ֪ʲôаķӣǵһ֣Ĵ˵ıǡ
۾Ȼͷ䶷ϣȻܹôãӦǻнͷİ취ģֻĿԴˡ
˵Ŀ֮£ͷս˵ǲŸոտʼ
һʼľ籩űѪֻ˫Ե̽սҵģ־ĽʲôĿĹʾ󣬵ȴΪĶǣΪľսģδ֪Ķ
䶷ϣ˶ֻܿȴ޷壬ֻܸܵͻĶսʤпһ̾ͷֳҲпֺܾܽá
û֪ⳡսĽΣֱڣ˶Ǽţͷǵ۾εĻĶ֡
У
۾ԾƿȥΧһУڵ˵۾۾ûʲô𣬻Ψһǣ۾ûӾ֮󣬷ƿص̽һЩ
ˣ
ܵԼͷһľ񲨶ȫ֮â˲֣
һľ񲨶ͷʩչ깲ֶΣܹĹ񣬴Ӷһʱڱͷƿ壡
ֻϧֶζ˵û̫ôġ
֮壬һֺĸЧо깲ľ񲨶ٵͷʱ򣬾ֱ֮ӷǵ񲨶ֱɢȥ޷Ӱ쵽ֺ
ǱߣűѪ
ʱоͷλãֱӳǷ˦һűѪѪɫűȻӣһƬ䶷ΧڵĿռ䳹ȻҲͷ峹У
ܺã
һϲܵһűѪһβĿƻ˲佫ͷС
ϧǣһűѪͷ˵ʵѾˡ
ǱűѪոսͷУֱӱͷһֶֹΣգűѪѹȥƬƮơ
űѪһ屶ϵǶͷһвûˣȻˣһõֶξͲˡһɱ峹׸ɵС
вĥŴ򷨣ͷӰεĻ徫壬Ѿ˽סķǾǾľ塣
ߣֱٻͷĵն֮Ҳܹڻþһʱ䣬õġ
ǣؼͬʽԶֲʹ̫ΣһûܳɹɱĻȥٸѡ
Σھֶʵ̫ˣܹԸͷķޡ
ȱٵģһܹͷ峹ɱķˣűѪУֵĵҲֻлþãܽɱ͸ûʲôƻˡ
Ҫɱͷ徫壬취
֮֡Ϣӡˣӡ
ѸһԼӵеֶΣҵһ֣ӡԴͨͻƳΪ۵ͨõľͼڵĹܣܹĸսȥתΪá
ʵϣӡĹЧȴնԷӡǣӶԶԷʱԵЧ
ֲǻӡĹƣôսӡǵԴˣһڶԸȽĶֵʱ򣬽Чǿߵʱ򣬶ԷֻҪֳһֵܹסӡӡǵˡ
һֱԽսսԶǿߣԻӡóҲ𲻵ãڡͷ壬Ǵľ壬壬ӡǣ
壬;Ϊһ壬γɵһ壬ӡǾ壬ӡһʩչ˵Ч
뵽ûиͷĻᣬһֱ̱۳֣ӷֱͷΧȥж䵶һʵһĵ
ڶԸʱҲֻлĵնܹһЩǣƵЧˣʱ˫ֻ裬ĵնͬʱ֣
޾ľ۳˾ŵ⣬ÿһжһ־þ˲ͷԻ
ǻû壬˲ƶٶ̫ˣĵնٶȿֲûܹնͷϡ
ǼˣǾŵŵľþȴɹͷԭͣȻͣͿֻܳһʱ䣬һʱ䣬˵Ѿ㹻
ͼӼͬʱͷΧͼϣ˲䱬һɶӡǵͷȫһӾͱ¶Уֻһʱ䣬ͱͼյһɵľ
ӡе۵ͨԸͷ廹ǼõģɱűѪҪǿϺü˲ѹסͷ壡
һʱ֮󣬻ѾĵնĻþ˲ͻƿռ䣬תƵԶͼ䶷ȥ
ͬʱһ籩ϮһΣһ籩ƺܵʲôط⾫籩ήϣ
ͼڣ
Ȼоһ籩ǿƣһ˲ٴʩչͼڣ۳ͼ
ͼһ֣̲һǿһǿľ籩˽ȥҴУתΪ
۵ͨӡзӳ˲ͬĹЧؼ汸ãڶսͷսУӳ˾˵á
û뵽ԼͨԸ壬ȻѪʥͼűѪֶλҪЧ
ȻҲѪʥͼϳ̶̫͵ԵʣΣҲƾԺˣҪ֪Ѫʥͼ񾳽ľʹõ޾ս
ͼڱյڣȻֹƾ޷ǻ峹Ȼƾ䲻⣬ԻӡֶΣһɵӡǣ˵Ļͷ廹ʣ¾ųɵء
˰ֱһͷȻżΪʢս˵ǻ廹ĳָֻľֶΣһóܹ˲Ťתս֡
û˿⣬һʱûʲô̫õİ취ͻȻ뵽˰Ӱ֮顣
Ӱ֮飬ģ³κζͶӰͷ壬ҲܹΪľ壿ֻһͷ޷սľ塭
ţû˷ʱ䣬ֱʩչԼĵͨӰ֮飬ͷڵķͶӰ˹ȥһ̣ܵӰ֮ϳ͸һҳбŻľ壡
״һ˲һͻһľ壬ʱԵĴڰӰ֮УӰ֮飬ǴǾС


1104 ˲ɱ
仯ɵ壬ûκ壬ͬͷһ㣬ֶֻͨ̽βܹҵټ
һ䶷ͷ˿˵ʲôˣȿӰĶʱһĨڡ
˶ʼ²ǰǿǴûмģ䶷ϣ徹Ȼͬʱ档
СʩչֶΣԻ壬ʲôã
ĵЦҪǽһȺˣ䲻ãڴĿֶܼٸʱ䡣
ڸոܹս˷룬ţͷĶ֡
䶷ϣʩչӰ֮飬֮Ȼͷһ㶣漴̶ڵĵط˹ơ
䶷ߣΪ䶷ԵķԸܲλã䶷ڣͷȴܹܵڣ
ۿɾ壬ͷƺЩмϾǾٮٮߣɾսȫ
岢֪ʩչʲôֶαɾ壬Ͼϣֶͨʵ̫ˣͷǰҲûƵʽԲû̫⣬ֱӳơ
֮꣡
ɵ㣬ľڴϮۿڵλȫ
һ꣬ȫɾɣһ䲨ǧٿףͷڻڲʱ򣬲ŻõʽΪ⾫֮겢ܴ͸޷ֱõޡ޵ϡ
壬ȴǸͷõĻᣡ
֮˷ľ޴ӣ˲䱻֮긲ǰΧո԰Ӱ֮仯ɵľ廹ûʲôֱڻĽ±ǧٿףܿҪ
ľ壬ûʲôǱǾ֮˸ֲһ㣬˲˻ΣӶûطӡ
ˣڣ
ͷЩ˿ʱȴ֪ԼץסõĻᣡ
ͷ壬֪ľȫֻģģȫڰӰ֮вû̺˿ӡǡ
ԣǾ弴ھ֮ǧٿףҲûκ˺Ӱֶ֮ΣɹԻͷ壬ͷ΢һи
һ˲䣬׼Ѿõɱڽ١
顭Դ壡
ǧٿ׵ģ⾫˳Ȼ˲䷢һ֮ŭ𣬷·ԵȪĿֲƣ˲佫ͷ嵱
飬Դ壬ǶԻ˵ЧҲǼõģʱ䣬ͷ彫޷֮
Ҫνͷ峹ɱٲҴˣƾڵʵҪɱͷ壬Ψһ취ǾǶԭ۵
Ǿ֮հٷ֮ʮľӡǣȫԶþ۵߸ͨ
ϵһĻʱ٣һסͷʱ򣬱ʩչɱУͷΨһʧСĻᡣ
ʩչ۵߸ͨеͨԾĽ罫ɲСƻΨжѱŲӰ쵽Ľڡ
ΪͱˣһɢĽڣӵ棬ʣµһ룬зǳԶľ룬Ӱ쵽Ľ̫ࡣ
ǿֶΣ
ȥɣ
һҧȫէ֣ԭĺɫģ˲仯ĺڵľģһ˲䣬Ȼʾľģ
ԼδʾľģƾӡǶȻ߶ʾľġ
һ̣۳һУ֮ɢһļǿƻֱӳͷסĻ˹ȥ
ͷ屻ľ鱾Դסʱ䣬ѹʱ򣬸պñǾУҲ˽ȥ
Ľеͨӡ
ʩչģͨȻûô󣬲ʵܹõҲԽԽࡣ
ͬһУתǻľֱУ˲ɱ
˵űѪͷ˵ֻиõĻôȫˣֻһ˲ͷһɥȪ侫ֱӱûаļ󣬾Ѿϡ
ɵͷ֮䶷ԭվһһ¾ĽڲĽУûΪԼܵӰ죬˿
󣬻ǿԶͨģ۵ǿͨ䲻ʩչܹɱǿУǶԸ֮ǰͷԨ壬ʱĻ˵Ҳֱܽɱ
ţЩϲɫսǿһЩ
ԭЩ¶Ӱ쵽ĽȶڿֻҪ̫ƵĻӦû̫ġ
ţȥ䶷ȥ
ʱ˿̣䶷£˶һãȻɻǲ֪ⳡսѾ֪Ѿͷɱ
̨µֻӳһɫУȻǺɫڰо˼¾ʧˣվԭأƺסˣһ䶷
СӣѾǱǻ˴꣬˳մ˰ɣ
֮ǰҲսͷ³Ҿ֪СôǻĶ֣ǻ壬ǵ۾ɳսʿϹսĿ´ڣ
Сǵ۾һеڴܹϮǵ۾̫ˣǻĶ֡
ٺٺ٣׼ǮˣѪӿˣ
˶ʼϧʱû֪Ƕ䶷е²ȫǴġ
ֻ䶷Եɱ£һ𾪵Ż߳䶷Ϊ䶷Ĺ£Ȼ֪䶷зһС
»ãҪͷˣ˭뵽СӾȻͻȻֱӽͷɵˣ
ɱ£֪ʩչʲôֶΣʲôɱͷ壬ΪѪɳУ䶷ϵһж޷̽鵽ġ
ֻܿȴܸ֮ܵˣΪսػóܶʵЩʵɱﵣЩߵİȫ
Ѫɳսᱩ¶ɱﵵĻԸսἱ٣ΪˣŻ̨ʩչΪʩչҲûܹϳģ
СӡȻʤˣȥɣһһŻ屻ɱˡ
һɱ췴ӦȻһ˵Լǳ˹ȥչأɱͷʤʱ䷢ˡ


1105 
һɱ£ֱ뿪˴˵أǰߵϢͨѪɳϲʣɱ£ǳ˹ȥ
պ߳䶷ʱҲպõǰϲλСֵܣնɱ˶ӯǵ۾壬ڸ䷢
仰һԭڳЩΧȺڣһȫˡ
˻ڴţ̨ʱ־壬ǾشڿĴش
ɽĽͷǵ۾Ļɱˣһ˶ûܵ˾񻹴ڷǳõ״̬
лǰ
ڸԼɱ£ǱȽصģЦŵ˵ͷ˵
ӣа־شı֣
ɽǵ۾ʵʤͷǵ۾Ļ壬ϢֱѪɳ֮д˿óм˶ʹ
Щ˵ȻΪͷʹΪЩȫѺע˻ϣ˻壬ЩҶѪӣ
УѺʤֻѪӵǧ򣬶෴Էڽ̫ӵĴͷ£ܹаǧѺͷϡ
ڣѪһӽеİǧңȻýһЩ˰ѪɳֻǸ˰࣬׬ǧҾеġ

ʱЦܹͳ˸ܱ
һӱ˻Щ͸Ѫλ׾磬ͿԽѹƵˣݲ
һҲͷ˰ɣ˵Ӯ˰ǧңҲ˰ɡ
ǳƣ
ܿ͸оΣΪһɿ֮һĽٴ˹һα˻С
˵ȻǺݺȺͺ˵õģһʤĻֵܹһķֺ죬ҲǧöңǶԺݺ˵ⶼǺܴһ㻨ǮõĶˡ
ȻѪһ峤һѪһ峤ԴˣԴӦо⣬ǳ̣ر㻨Ǯ档
ڣԤնɱͷ壬һúݺͷԣ
ðûŴ㣬̫ˣҪԸͬĻ壬ҲûѺܴ󹦷벻㾹ȻԽؾ˻壡
ݺ§ڻУ˷ܵĽЦš
ɫ飬ļǱģѪƺҲ̫˵ɣ
˵֮źиопʱ̶߶šܲסȫʲôֵ̫뷨οݺλ׵Ĵڡ
ʱеðһͷȻںݺͺദû㲻ʱ罫Ľϵ飬ȫתƵǵСȥһӾ͸㶨˷գ
תô鵽СȥС粻أҲֲ˼ģǵʱ˵ɣҪҵʱṳ̂ؾˡ
š
й֮󣬺ݺ˶Щģɿȥȡɣһöɱ¾Ѫʯһöֵɶǲء
˵ͷȻͷȥɱнӹսʤĽ
ҽһöƷĴ֮ɱ¾Ѫʯһö޾Ʒֻܷõĵҩ
Ͼ첢ͬĵҩҲһЩģ֪һģ͵ϵʱͼʶˡ
ֻĳЩĵҩܹ干ͬã൤ҩǱȽټģЩҩͶģϾרõʦǳ߶ˣǿ˵ǿڣⵤҩ϶⡣
ɱ¾ѪʯƷĴ֮ҵãеĴ֮ҳǵ۾ûá
һ˼ȻͷԺͺݺʵ޾ƷĵҩҲд֮
Ұɣǧˡ
ݺ΢΢һ̡
ǧң
һ˵ļֵҲ֣ݺôѵľ£⣬Ͼǧҿ϶һСĿ
ã
һ䡣
ûãǰùˣôƴ϶ǺȱǮɣֱˣ˻ˡ
ݺһЦ
ðɡ
ЦһЦûоܾ
ǧңԿ˵һʾ޿ˣ彮򣬶ܹʮöԴʯɱ¾ѪʯּĴ֮ȫ֮Կֱǵ۾ļ
ոͻؾ粻ãڶЩƲ̫ʱǲҪôżͻƺˡ
ͻؾ磬ĵͨӣ͵ͨӣƺȽϴǰöͨӵǿû취ȡ
ϢӰۣ֮ͨҲû뵽۵ͨУôһ㣬ҪһЩʱһС
츳ԽߵߣͨӵٶԽ죬ҲԽͻƵһص۾磬ڵ۾׶Σ츳ߵͶٶȵӰ졣
ҲΪˣܹ̤ؾţһ;츳ǳѰ˵ģ֮Դں̤뵽ؾ
˵ݺΪһλˡ
ˣϵܣǮ
̸֮󣬺ݺ۾ѵܵܺһѳ˹Ǯ
˵ͷֱӽǧҸȻӹеȻöҩҲûʲôõģתҲ̫ࡣ
ˣҵǧأ
ݺˣʱЩһ䡣
ǧ𣿡
ַǳĸоʶʵ
ǧҪҵǮ
ݺ˫һɣҵǧң

ɥԼϽһ취ûУĻȴĽǵĥ̹֪ٴˣ
ⳡľУܹ׬˰ǧңǧǧ˺ݺ൱Լɶûʣ£ޱȵıңǰ;һƬã
˵˷ܣΧȴһƬƲҵرǽһƬɫ׵ǣһò˵´ŭڵĽ̫ӣ֮֡
˭֪Ÿո̤ǵ۾εСӣȻܽǵ۾Ļնɱˣ
̫ȫ÷·ڷһսѪǧ򣬸ӣѪȫһС
ָоǽ̫ӴСûиܵģѪӵĺӱŭ
ɽҲ뱾̫Ӿ
޿֮£ͬǵ۾Ľ̫ӣڶ˾ս


1106 ܾ
̫ӵĺ˲˳ˡ
ͺݺҲһ񾭲һǽ̫һۡ

ɨǽ̫һ£ȻЦԵ޹ʵģҸʲôôûôҿɲɡ
ͳ̫֮ǰԨ͵Ϯˣ֪СӵʵҲˣҪ̫ӣкôõĻսһ
֣Сġ
ȴɫ΢һ䣬ĶѵҸоϢһǰЩ仯ǼͻƵףѰ֣̼ԼͻƵǵ۾ɡ
սгɹͻƵǵ۾СӿܻһЩ鷳ء
ݺҲǳ˼˵
޷ǵ۾Ļ嶼ɱˣ̫̤뵽ǵ۾Ҳбʤİա
۾뵽ֻҪʩչٸɱһãҲᱩ¶
ΪӮĻҵǲͷ
̫ӼȻûоܾʱһʤңҸһöңô
һöңѾԹһĴ֮ˣ˵ǵ۾ΣؾΣ˵Ĵ֮࣡
ԣȴҡҡͷ˵ƾһҾðգֵ̫ˣҿɲɵӣսʲôпܷǽ̫ӣǵ˴ùҪһңҲû
⻰˵Ĳ
Աţ˵ĺе̫ݰǣ˭ĻԷ϶ţԷӳʵ
ϾҪɱ˽̫ӣǿ˽壬Իɱ֮
̫⻰ʱɫһҽսҿԱ֤ⳡУ˭ʤ˭˭˭º󶼲κ鷳
˵˿ɲ㣬˵˲㡣
һЦˣ㵱ǽôܷŹλֵܣΪ˹ƽصѡ
ڵȻվһߵġ
ڽ̫ӶսпսоͻΣһĳһˣɾʹˡ
ȣĪԱҪΪȫ޺֮ǵ²μӾ
Σһ̫Ӻ֣ܿܲĻҪھˣ鷳ҲǷǳֲϾУǺɱһʮ׼ǿߵġ
̫ӣǽпǸ˭õı
Ҳ޹ֺ֮ǰԸԨʱ򣬱ԨôһֱӾˣСӴСûԹ̫ͷȻ֪һ;֮Ĳпᡣ
̫ӵȻҲɱˣɱܶ࣬ǶǶ̫ˣǿֵʱϵΪڷ絲ꡣ
ڣ̫սȻС
̫Ӹ»ΪսʤͷҲǽء
ݺһЦΪεģϾսʤԨͻ壬ΪѲ壬ʵѾϿɡ
ȻҪģǺݺܹķӦս츳ʱֵʱ򣬿ǶһЩֶεģȴǱ㿪ˣֻһֱۡ
Ҫ֪һλײεĳǿߣ
ôûȫϵĻҲúֹӸ򡣡
ҡҡͷȥ͵ÿôΪ̸ˡ
һսǳҪ彮ߣǺ⸽һȦУһϵӰ죬һδľƱ仯
Ҫǽ̫ӵˣȫ϶⣬Ȼǽ̫ӱ֤׷飬Լ֤ҲûãϾʱ̫Լˣʲôȥ֤
ҪʲôطѪǺ𣿡
̫Ӽվ˳Ժһ˵
ǵǲأҸʱӡǴȽϽĵطͿˡ
۾ʱˣҲٶ·˵𣿡
ߣ̫ӻСӣΣ
̫һĿһۣ֪ʲôʺˣܽͷԨͷ壬ڱ̫ǰɲû㹻ʵһжȻҲκλᣡ
ʤΣ˲֪˵ƨã
Ͷ䣺Ȼ䶷ˣҴɽӦսģϣ㵽ʱ˲źá
ӣֱëǽ̫ӡ
ˣ󣬱̫ӱ䶷նɱСӣɱ̫ˣ
̫ӶԺ˵ȻתһȺɫ׵Ļ뿪ˣʣʱ䣬úõΪⳡս׼һУûҪ˷ʱˡ
ɱϣĺ𣿡
ݺ˺ľüͷɱͽϵȻôУôͬһǺӵȺ̫ˣʱӡǴԲǿţضὫȽĴܵ
ǻˣô𣿱
ٺһЦѾ֪ͨǱ磬һʱϹոմսӦöϢģ߶߶ҲãڼҲ̫ˡ
硭
ݺɫƺЩ仯Ȼı϶Ǹǳ˲õǿߡ
һźͺݺ˵ĻеһˣƺͦõģһȻԸеǿΪ档
ǵı磬϶ǱȺݺǿݺѾλ׵ĲΣôǴﵽ˴׵ĲΣ
˵ǱƺǴսϻģϢھȻꡣ
ҲҲˣֱǲˣ
ݺǸ˼ӣʱһЦǱѪ䣬սϵһͳ۾ǵ۾ͳ죬ΪǴ׵ĲΣȴǴ࣬Ѿһٶˡ
һٶ꣬ǶѰ˵Ǻˣ˵˴׾ǿޣ⻹öء
Ѫ䣬սĽ
ⷬʱЩȣȻûսǴӶԸԨͻ֪սϵĲпᡣ
ʤߣȻһжãһʧܣҪôҪôЩ塢ԨһץūѺ䶷еȵȣ³ҡ
սϳΪһ󽫾ͳ۾ʵһܹģ
֪ͨ˱ѪȻΪ˷ֹ߳⣬Ͼ̫ӵʵ̫ЩȫҴ⡣
ⷬţлֵˡ
Ժл
ʲôΪ㣬ҿ׬˲أοһʣͶ㲻ʲôҪǣҿǽ̫ҲǺܲˬ
һЦ˰֡


1107 ֮ǰ
֮
ͺݺһλɱʱӡǴ󸽽һ䶷Ϊ䶷
Ǻ֮ʢУԸ䶷Ҳǲ䶷ֻɱǧ䶷еһʱӡǴ
䶷ĸˣɱˣƽԻǿԱ֤ġ
ʱ䣬ͽ̫ӽҪ䶷ϢѾɱǣ˸ȥ˲ǿߣ׷׾ۼ䶷С
ɱϵɱУ֮ڲӣٱ֮ǰɣȫͽ̫ӵľġ
Ҳûô˹עģϾ̫Ӿ˶ȥˣÿһС
Ȼ䶷ҪξӰԲͣΪߵǿ֮ҶԽ̫Ӹֱ͡
ҪǽѪɳУԨͻ¼˳ȥò˶Ϊɽ൱档
Ϻǽ̫ӣǺʢ꣬һֱŶǽδĽӰ֮һ츳Ϊ˵á
Ҫ̫ӵķɣͬʱ̫ܿӵţȻ˷ɱǣ䶷
ͺݺ䶷ʱ䶷Ѿۼ˺ܶޣǿߣȫۼ׼ۿͽ̫ӵľ
Ȼôˣ䶷ΪԼҲ˲Ŀ๤
ݺɽ˺ĳһ
ԽԽãǿԳû׬һʡ
⣬ʮڴ
㡣
ݺһԴЦҪӮ̫ӣҪ̫ӵߵĶľ֣˭ѶĽ㣿ء
⻰һӾѣٺһЦҲԣˣľ־Ͳμˣúÿˣֿɱʧ
ܵܣ̫ӣͬһ㣬ȫ׼ɲܵġ
ݺ˵ϴ֮ɫ
Լĳƺܵܡʱϰˣ޷ֹôƺԼ
ţҲһЩӦòʲôΣգݺĺˡ
Ц˵
ڵǲһжΪʱ֮ڣżȻ侹Ȼһ˿ɱϢ
ɱǾ۱һСֲεʽδκεطʩչ
ɱǵ۶ûܹȫյǿżȻ侹Ȼеһ˿Ϣ
ɱҪľޡȪҲΪսʤͷ壬ھЩڸܵһ˿Ϣ
һ˿ϢȻԶԶ޷ɱȴ̤ҪһʩչĻҲгϵЧ
̫ӱϾһǵ۾ޣһǵ۾еٮٮߣʵ´ﵽǵ۾ˮ׼ټʱ׼һЩɱﵡ
֮ǰսԨ壬ǽ̫̫ڴ⣬ʵû̫ϵսȻ򵥣ܹ˿⡣
˳䶷룬䶷εϰ߶ʱ˶ڴŽⳡսھҪʼ˶˷۷׷ס
̫ӣѪɳǱһͷǵ۾εԨˣͷԨǱɽնɱ
οɽڻԨ֮Ѿ磬̤ͬǵ۾ʵȶսԨʱǿԸ̫ӣʤ㼫󣡡
ǺǣǿЦѵ֪ɽǵ۾ԨսʱͷԨѱ̫ˣֻǼ˸˰ˣ˭֪ʵô
ɽʵǿܻǵ۾Ļ壿οɽǴˣȻҴӦ̫ӵľս϶ǶԼĵġ
ⳡ˭ʤ˭ʵ̫ѲˣǻǾۿȴⳡĽɣ
˶ڲ²ⳡһЩ˽¿ĶľУͽ̫ӵʾȻǲ˶ٵġ
һж䶷Ѫɳ¼˶˺ܶģҪȻĻⳡսҲô˹ۿ
ҲֻƾеսĳЩǿֹ߳սΪһ浹ս˸ûκ塣
طͦɭϵģսĹƽӹɣһɱǽ̫ӣ϶кܴ鷳Щɭסǵ
һ䶷ܣ˵
š
Ҳ۾Ҳλ׼Ļͳ죬䶷ΧѲߣЩɲֻ䶷ɱĹٷⳡþǺܴ飬ɱ岻ӡ
ɱ׶ⳡս䶷ۿͽ̫ӵľ
ڴ˵ǵ۾εս͸СӹҼһȤζ̫ӵʵΣҲһЩο塣
ϾЩɱĴǿߣҲкСܹ̫οġ
Ǳߡ
ݺָ˹ϯϵһǸ򣬾Ȼһɫǧɫ׵ޣȫԽǿߣ
̫ӣ㱻ǧ׻ӵУǧ׻УüλײεǿߣԱ֤̫ƽİȫˡ
ǾȻǧˣ湻ģҪҽ콫̫ӸɵĻѻ뿪ﰡ
۾˵
İܵܣڣ̫䶷ϸɵ㣬Ȼ˭Ҳ붯㡣
ݺһЦһν§˷ĻУܵܣ䶷ȥɣʧŶҿɻȥеľʥŮء

Ҳ֪ݺе뷨
ͬΪŮţݺʱ˵ʥŮ츳ԶһֱǺܺģڼôȻˡ
ԣҪһһӣܲ
˵һ㵱Ȼûʲôôһλ׸棬ԼȫҲϣΨһ֪ľҪʲôʱ򡭡
ʵ˵ҲݺСֻΪСУԴѷֻǵ۾硣
ܵܡЩյġ
ȻڲǼƽЩʱϰǿĿУǽ̫ӵľڼҪʼˡ
ȻΧǿлţȴȻ壬Ϊ֪ͺݺѾԽյľȫ׼䶷ϱ̫ɱȻԲκΣա
ȻˣҲûҪĵˣ̫ӣΣ


1108 һȭ
䶷УһĻ𣬵ͽ̫ӣⲽľ䶷ʱ˵ȫ
ⳡĿľսڼҪʼˣ
һɫ̤䶷һ䶷䶷Ϊ޴һ䶷ԲɣΧڿ̨ϰˡ
䶷ԵһϣԱ֤еˣ˺䶷ĹڣȫԷǳ׵
̫ӣһ׽ɫףȫŽɫâΪҫۣټϴŵĽ̫ݵĹ⻷ʤܶࡣ
ȴһ㣬Ϊһֱ֪ʤûʲôϵʵǿģһƸŨһеһлÿʵ
ˣһΪˡ
̫վ䶷м䣬Цһ̺ǿҵ֮⡣
˹ˣ㱻ԨˣɱԨ壬֪ţȻ˵һܣ
˵ţ༥
ϻ˵㲻Ǽ˸ˣѾ̫˵Ԩ壬ĸȥܸɵ㻹ΪԼмＸˣһս޻أ
̫͸¶ɱȻѾ˱ɱ֮⡣
Դǲ⣬һֱŵĹӸ磬СûʲôۣܾԼӵһ
֮ǰ̫ӵӣ̫ӵȻܷŹֻҪлĻȻɱ
˵ⳡû˼ʹӦģ
Ӧⳡ̫ҲҸֻᣬ֣䱻˰͵ϮĴһ
Ļǿȷ̫ûκλսʤԼģӵ̫ƷεĿ´ڣҲһ
ʱҶ΢Ҳӵ̫ƷͬɲĶ֣˵ڣֶαʱǿࡣ
Ǿɡ
ȶ֣׼ԾƶΪƿصԵʣԽ̫ӵĶָƣӦԷʩչκֶΡ

̫һȫ˲˸Ȼ˲䱬һǿĿռ໥ںһ
裡
һе۵֮ͨǰѾǽ̫óԸͷԨһֶΣֻϧͷԨʶƣûвκЧ
ʽԸңŶ԰ɣ
۾̫ʵ̫޴һУԸͷԨҲУڶǵ۾ʱ̾ѾͷԨ壡
˵ͷԨ״̬ˣҲȫʢ״̬˶١
̫ʩչ֮ȫռٶӵ˼ޣʹͬĵУŽɫܹռ䶼˺鿪
̫ӵһ̨ɱ¾Ȼϯ
վԭŲûƶһ£ȫ𽥸ֳһֶΣܹκιԼ
̫ӿϮ軯ķռ䵶УҪ˺顣
վԭأΡȻǽɢ֮󣬻һףףͬǽи˺顣
壬ȴӲĵס˶Էеи
սȭڣ
ȭͷƾƿط׼ᣬֱӳһȭֲȭͷʱ׼ȷĺ˽̫ӵϣ
ʩչʱ̫ӵ弸Լ޵ٶжһΪɫУû뵽µȻܹһȭС
һȭǿ˳̫ӵ
սȭڣ޾似սֶΣӵб޾Ŀԣ̫ӻӳһȭֱӽ̫ӵɳȥڰлһɫ⣬Ȼײ䶷Եķϡ
һȭ̫Ӻһɣڽ״̬£׼ȷ׽мȻɣ
һĻ˲䳡һƬ֮
ˣһȭˣ
ϰ޻ԶĲʿڽ嶼ǻЩ˽ģߣ򵽽һͨͨʩչɫУٶȼޡ
ҪɫУ׼ȷĺ޵ı壬ѳ̶Ѿ󣬸˵ҪֱӺɳȥ
壬尡ǿ
Ȼһȭɣ
źµվ䶷룬ͷβûжһջеȭͷϿսת˿Щѱƻ
û˵κλֻǵĿűɳȥĽ̫ӣϴ޵Ц⣬˵ʲôͽͣʵ֤һС
ȻҲûƾôһȭͽǽ̫ӳ׻ܣǼһǺǿģԨͻȻƣֻ˶ûд
ƾǿսƺǸΪֻˣڲ֮ء
ЩпһǿǺױ͵ϮоֶεȵȣסȻɱζڱɱķա
Ψǿ󣬲޶ȵı֤Լɱսվ
ȻǶԸ͵壬Ǿ͸ˣǿȽûκ壬ߵΨоǿ
ǡСˣ
̫ӵЦܿӳ𣬴䶷Ȼٴθڴɹ
Ա𣿡
۾̫ӣڻûǶӣδɵСӻǿЦ
ΣСԷȫսٴתȻԷûлı壬Ҳ㶯ģԷս㹻
Ի壬ǿȺǿȶ٣̫ûл壬ȻǶû㹻ӡ
ļһ浽սϣһˣ֮·һֱ̫˳ʹʧȥ˾η֮ġ
֮;޾һʧȥ˾η֮ģ̬ͺˣ
̫Ӽɹȫɫת۳ɫâУȻʩչƷҪƾֶԸ
󣬶ҲֻƷҪƾɱңúء
˫Ŀ֮ɱһȫһθ˲׵Уӿɫâг˹ȥ
սȭڣ
ȭͷһȭʱսļӳµȭͷֻһȭ㽫һɫâд򱬣
ɫâУֱӽΧֲиڣҪгƬ
ȻƾǿȻӲĴɫâг˳ҽɫâжɢˡ


1109 ̫
Ʒ󣬴ӽ̫ʩչνǿȻƾȻɫâг׻
ǽ̫ɫһ䣬һȭֱӺ̫ţһνһȭɣײ䶷Եķϡ
̫ӵڶαһȭˣ
⺢ӣ̫дˣϽԻԱ壿
ڽǧ׻ȺУһǽ̫ӵĳʱ˿Ϊţ̫ӱκɣѾ⡣
Ȼŷϣ޷ǿȵжǿȴ֪̫ٲԻԱĻ϶СӵĶ֡
벻ɽСӣеͣҲԶԶۿһս
һս̫˵ҲһˣܹսʤСɽ̫ӵʵս齫ӷḻ
ḻΣİ취ҪĿٴǿһ;ģһ;ҪдɾͣҪ
۷׷ףȻ̫ӱΣȻ̫ӻ
Ͼ̫ӵʵͬоԿǰéģеͬεţ϶ʲôɽ˭û˵Ȼж
䶷УεĽ̫ӣȻҲܲסˣȷǿԼ֮ϣ
ԣ仯ıڱе飬ûʲô𣬷ٶˣ
Ա壬Ⱪף
ֻǽ̫ȫ˲ųҫ貵ĽɫâȻһɫ䶷а裡
ţЩγɫ׵磬һɫҷ糯Ϯ˲㽫˽ȥû˽ɫ׵ĺ֮С
Ʒ󡣡
ܵԷһУⱩ̺ɫʱһȻǽ̫ӱ仯ɱ֮ʩչֶαȷҪǿ̫ࡣ
һнⱩףǷŽɫâе屶ֹѰǵ۾ޣһоͻҷˡ
Ȼ˵ƷֶλǲһЩģϮĽɫ׵磬һֱ̧֣ӽѪʥͼȡ˳
Ѫͼ
ף

ͼڣ
ĸʽ˲䱻ʩչѪͼһѪɫǽΧף
ͼڴԶг֣һֱǿΧĿ񱩽ɫ׵綼˹ȥ
ͼ֮ʣĽɫ׵ͱɣͨѪͼ׺ĲպϵĽɫ׵磬Ѿٿ񱩣ɲκ˺
Ѫͼ
һֱӳһɫ׵ĺ󣬳˻ΪԱ̫ǰȻѪʥͼչһѪɫ̫ӳС
𣡡
̫ӻɵĽԱʱһŭȫɫâһе۵ͨպܹѪͼƵ
ɽ
̫ŭһȻεͣı任λã޷ټ
ҲһֶΣܹԼٶȲҴһЩӰһʱ䣬䶷ھȻ˺üͷı壬ɫԴ˷ӿ
ƿأ
ʩչӰۣ֮ϾƿأɵľͿЩԱʵԥٶȶȻӿ죬˲˽̫ӱǰһȭӳ
Ȼ
̫ӵı屻һȭֱӺɣһײ䶷ԵķϣԷӰȫһɢûа취Ի
ͬǵ۾һûʲô̫ǿֶΣҵĶ֡
ţȻռϷ磬ȴʼձž裬Ϊ֪Էݣǽк̨̫ӣμ϶Ǵ౦
ϣźܶɱﵣκһóпܽѹƣɻɱ
ζܹ⣬һʱȡƣҲûκģΪֻҪһ⣬֮ǰƾͻᵴȻ޴棬Էץסᷴɱ
Ȼ֡
Ž̫һαɣ䶷л֮һƬЩЩڶľѺʤĹսߣⲿ˱Ƚ٣ʵǺܶģȫһУʮѺעʤ
ⳡսѰ˿ƾеģԲȤζԣܾʣǷǳڴ
ڽ˵ˣǵȻǾãԼ̫ӱضȡʤΪľս̫ӵһηˣǶϰֻ̫ܹܡ
һΣôû̫пܻһСӡ
£̫ӱΣҲûĶҡϾǿڵ̫ӣǿڣ
̫һСӣ嶼涪ˣ
αɣײ䶷ķϵʱ̫ӵķŭѾ˶㣬УûȻ䶷ϣϰ˵£һСӺΡ
ǽ̫ӣȻһûС䶷ϵ򣬴ȥʲôӣ
ЩУĲѵĽŮӣ¶ޱʧ
ɶɽˣ
̫ӿһٴδӳ˸ɫĵ䶷ѸӿԱϱ۳һŽ⡣
һŽ⣬էһֻ֮һѰֶͨΣȴǶⶫ̾
̫У̫Ʒ
ͷһȻǺ⣬ʱ򣬻һ
̫ӣȻӵ̫ƷĴڣ
̫ƷϿʲôڽ̫˵϶Ҳɱ֮һˣû뵽ھȻóԸ
ڱɱôκ֪̫ӾȻ̫ƷֶΣҲᱻ˷֡
Ͼ䶷ķϣǺܶǿֹϰе̽⡣
սߣֻܼ䶷еĹӰЧȴ޷ܵ䶷ϵϢǳ̫ƷҲѷ֡
䶷Уⲻϱ˸ôһŽ⣬治رۣ䶷еˡ
һӾͷ֣Žһ̫Ʒ֪̾ǽ̫óֶΡ
֮ǰĵ̫ӣȫΪ̫Ӳ뱩¶Լɱﵣڣ̫Ʒóˣ̫ӱضȫ
ҲãҲֻҿߵνŵжǿ̫Ʒж
ûк£ǰһ̫ûа㷴ĻҲ̫ʧˣ


1110 ̫
̫Ʒ֣ڿȷ̫еʵģҪȻⳡδ̫Ȥ
ѰͬߣҪʲôֶΣܹˣ⿿ѾԽǵ۾ѹ
̫ó̫Ʒ϶ǳԽѰǵ۾Σ»̫ӵֶΡ
ȤǾսɡ
о֮ɫһһսӸȤˣ˵һս֮ʵܹһõ
ɽˣ
ʱ˿̵Ľ̫ӣǼΪŭ״̬̫ƷصʱԲʹصֶΣ
ڶ̫Ʒ˵ᱻϰս߿ʲôͱ¶ϵһơ
ȻⲢĵƣ¶ǻЩ鷳
Ȼڣ̫ӿɹܲôˣ̫Ʒ治Ķ֣Ψһѡ
̫𶴡ɣ
̫нɫâ˸һŽ˲۳Ϊһ޴ĽɫնӽɫնУųɫ⣬
ɣǽ̫ӵ̫Ʒѵĵһʽ޾ĽɫâǽɫնбΧһжɵ˽ɫն֮С
ȻҲܵ˷ǳǿҵһʱ䶼Щվסţǿһ⽫Žɫնȥ
̫ƷѵʽȻͬ졣
ɫһоǸɫնо̺żǿƻһǸɫնУôǿҲԲʲô³
̫ƷǳԽ޾һսȻǲͬ죬˵̫ӵ̫ף̫Ѿ׾ˡ
̫Ʒ֮ǰҶ΢̫ӡһ̫Ե̫ƷԵ̫ƷƻΪǿһ֡
ʱ˿̶Ⳣǽɫն
󣬾Ԩ
֮£ֻʩչһƷƻҲһһģȻסԷǾֻԼ֮ǰǽɫնƻ
ŵڿռѷѸٸ֣ȻǽɫնӹȥϳһߵԨľŸѷ칥ٶȺǸɫնȥ
̫Ʒľ֮ϵʮһİӰֶε໥ײһ𣬶ʱɫͽɫ϶ɵĿУʱըѿ
ս塭
ܵеǿ̽ҧأȫս棬ʱּ̣ҪͻƵĸо
ս壬ڸǿΣսУͻƾ磬ʱ˿̣ȷǸоΣֵܵסϱըУԼض
һ̣ĿսܵǿҵĴִ̼̼£һεõͻƣӳѧ̤뵽СɵĲΣ
ȫʼΧһããĹϵУϣȫɿս۶ɣ˵ԵֵסκǿĹ
Ͼս޾似õĻԱԽ޵ȻڵҪǿĿս֮ԻǱȽϵ͵ģϾСɾ硣
˴ɣ۷壬ԲȻľ磬ôĿԾҪˣʱ޾似޾似
ˣСɾĿս壬ӵгԽһֶεķǲսϣѾ׵屶ֹ
һµֶΣͬʱǿҲٴ˲٣֮ǰǿ̫࣬޾似Խ֮һͻƣͻ˴츲صı仯
ǽɫնԨײУ˲ϮߣһӽУɫͺɫɫĿУһӱƮ
һߣǻԱĽɫ̫ҲǱ뵽һУȴһҫ۵Ľϣ̫𶴣ҲǼ̫ƷʩչķֶΣȫ۳Ŀս
з籩£һͷǵ۾Ԩ壬ܹˣСӶȻûлĵϾ̫Ӷʩչ̫𶴵ĵڶʽǱ̫ӵǿֶˡ
ֶ̫ͨ̽ͨΣϸ֪Ǳߵû˿ϢΪ̫ǿ󣬼ĸ֪ȫεˡ
϶ǲһƽٵģΪʩչɣϱƣѾϮ䶷У۶㵽ﶼûãֻܹӲ
Ҫ˵̫ӵȻСӻǿԼ
еĽɫͺɫУ˽һʱ䣬һʱ䶷ϵĽڹâɢȥ䶷¿Կϵ
û
ͽ̫ӵΣ̳У˶ʱɫһ䣬û뵽ôҵͻУ˾Ȼȫû
ûһûܵκһȫ
ʲô
̫ӱ˵ȻҲǷǳ⣬֪Լǿȴû뵽ķҲôǿǿȵдûܵʲôˣȡ
̫ŭһûκͣ٣ⱬƣ̫Ʒĵʽֱӳʩչ
֮ƣ
һӴƣ̩ͬɽѹһ㳯콵⾹ȻһѹֶΣ̫Ʒ̫ʩչһпֶΣ
ǿɲƣǸһķϣ䶷˶ܹĸܵõ˵䶷ϣһн֮Ƶˡ

ǰһһн֮ƣľ֮ͬͨ彫ѹסЧȻ൱ġ
һֱԼľ֮Ƕһݵģһֱû벻̫ӵǻһֶΡ
Ȼ죬ȴûоһк鷳Ϊڿ˾֮صġ
һƹ񹥻깥ֶΡȵһУ˵̫õЧ
֮壡
һȻ֮ƽٵͷһȫ֮˲佫ǽ֮Ƶİ˳ѹɢȥ
ʣѹҲ޷סжˡ
ɺ֮Ѫ
ʩչһƷͬһо񹥻ֶΣ˶һУûʲôЧ
ǽ̫ӿɾͲһˣ
ɺ֮Ѫ󱬷˲һƬѪɫ䶷ӿǽԱ˫ĿȾѪ֮ɫɱøӱ塣
ɺ֮ѪٶãܹӰԷ񣬼Էɱ⣬ЧöԷɱ״̬ɥʧһЩж
Ȼֱ̫ˡ


1111 ش̫
ɺ֮ѪӾİ֮ͨƷǾ۶ʩչһֶΣܹЧҶֵж
ʱ˿̣̫ӱɺ֮ѪӰ죬ǽԱ˫Ŀ֮жʱͳͨѪɫʾǱӰķɱ⡣
ⱬ䣬̫Ӵ߶̫𶴣ٴζϮһн֮ƣ
ŵĽ֮ƣѾľ֮ƽ̫ӻǵĻ϶ظʩչһ
ֻϧɺ֮ѪӰ쵽̫ӵȷжϣٴʩչ˽֮ơ
ҫĿ⣬Яƣɽǵضͼѹסֻϧһж˵ûʲôô
֮壬ƣ
ȫɢų֮ĹԣһֱӺƿȥһ̧֣ٴ۳
󣬾Ԩ
Ʒֱӳ֣˲оŵڿռѷ쵽˽̫ڴɭȻĻϢý̫Ӳһַıܡ
ϣ
̫ʶĶ̫Ʒʩչ̫Ʒѵĵڶʽһ֣Բͻ˵Ŀսϣǳǿ
£̫ʩչһзֶʲôܹ״͸ܿϧǽ̫ӵ̬Ҫһֲ
ܺã֮ơ϶̶ˣһû뵽ҽֶΣȻˡϿվɱ
һڶɱһᣬһܹһٽ̫ɱĻᣬ˺ܾˡ
ǳɫĶϿʥȪ޾սѾϵ˹ĲΣȻֻϲΣѾܹǿƻ
رǣϿվɱһֱӴ͸ֵڣܹõֶУ͸ǿһ֣
ϿʥȪ޾սĴ߶£˲仯ǳɫУ˲նȥһֱ̾Ϯ˽̫ӱڡ
ֱӴ͸ռ䣬ϮڲֶΣΪֹֻ֪һ֣κεطû
һֶΣȻܹ͸ռ䣬ȴܳߵڣ߶Уһֿռͻ޷Խȥ
ϿʥȪͶϿվɱͲֱܹͬӴ󵽶ڣԶڽƻ
Ȼ̫ӻ壬ǿȼΪǿ޾սĿֲɱ޷ȫֵס
ǳɫڽ̫ӱڲʼɱµиʹ͸˲䱬̫ڽʳһ̯࣡
˵̫ʵǿҲΪϿվɱһУɶ˺˺ڣ
䶷ϰսߣȫ֪еĽ̫ӾȻѾܵش
̫ӱˣڲϿʥȪɱȻ뵽˼Ϊʹ״̬ʱŭ˫Ŀ֮֮ͨɫ֮ǰʢ
˵Ĵˣ
̫ӣ֮ǰԸͷԨ壬Ԩ͵ϮըҲû˺ء
ϾʱԨ彫ˣҪ˺㣬Լܵ˽صĴˡ
ԶϿʥȪʩչϿվɱ̫شҪ˺Ѫ⡢
Խ̫ӵ첢˽⣬һΣɶ˵طֱƻ˽̫ڵ
Ҫǽ̫ʵǿᣬʵһ¾ֱҪ
ֻϧǲһ㣬һ£ѾΪϿʥȪսϹȻû̫ܽһɱȽϿϧ
£̫ӻ뷭̼ʲôˣΪΪأһʱ֮䲻ָܻһЩ˵ҩ
ǣʱ˵ҩ
ܣ
һ̣̫ڱ飬˲ɺ֮Ѫɱ¾״̬ѹһԼǱˣ֮гױȵķŭ
ʱ򣬽̫ȴҲ֪ԼȥĻˣ̫Ʒ̫𶴶ûܹѹסǳ𾪣𾪵ͬʱҲʼһֿ־塣
ףܹնɱͷԨ壬ɱͷǵ۾εĻ壬Բǿɺϣʵ
֮ƶûЧСӣԾ͵ĹЩǳѲǿ󣬸οҲǳ밵ӰģѾϵ̵ʮϡ
̫Ӽʵһ㣬ϾǼսţԶˣʵ²⵹û̫ƫ
֪ǣ⻹ǿʵ
ԣ̫Ӳû䣬׼עһʩչǿֶΣƴű¶һЩƣҲҪСӳ׸ɵ
̫𶴣Ѿѵ̫Ʒ̫Ȼһŭһⱬ֮ԱͻһЩɫ⣬ɢ䶷ȥǳɫĶϿվɱУһӾͱ¶
ѸڰеǳɫУ滹ŵɫѪһǴӽԱ֮մȾģȻ˺˽̫ӣ
䶷սߵɫʱֱ䡣
̫ӣˣ
ңǳɫŵѪ̫ܵ˻ᣬܵشѵСɽܹѹ̫Ӳɣ
ɽļһ˿ɶδŰôܱȵ̫ӣ
˵ǱߵţѹסߵţȻֻǸཾޱȵ˵Խʵġ
Ȼв˱ΪʤЩ˶Բʮ㣬ǶԽ忴˳ۣͽгڼ̫ܵشʱлΪĬĬļʹ
̫ӣ䶷зֻɫ⣬ҲֲһŽ̫ӵıˡ
ΪЩ̫ӵĽɫ壬ԼٷγɵĽɫÿһⶼı壬ֻٶ̫һЩӰˡ
˵ⶼģľƿأȻҲЩʱ˿̵Ľ̫ӱ徿ʲôط
ٶȣɱ֮ǰԨ廹죬̫ӵȷҪʩչˡ
̾;ر½̫ӵľУϾֶζأȴе﷭Բζϸľ֮ġ
Ʒ󡭡󣡡
ԽԽĽɫڳ۸֣̫ӵѾʧΨԽԽĽɫ𽥻һ⣬䶷ΧγһֲĽ
䶷Χܵﶼܶ㿪һУΨӲƴ
ƷͶƷ󣬲ȷܴʩչƷԨο̫һϿ϶ʮ
һݣ̲ס뵽ҪԼҲһԵĶƷǿ϶͸ӱˣֻϧΨһһƷ󲢷ǹԵģǿԵģʮΡ


1112 ħ
̫ʩչƷ󣬽䶷񽣽ӿϮ·һŵĽɫ˰Χ롣
ƷƷ̫ˣƷһֱӾܵв
ĹƣƺֻһȻˣպÿԼһҵǿӲʲôĳ̶ȡ
Ŀ͸ޱȵ侲Լ޷ȫֵԷһеģһнȴҲܽ׷
ԣҪһ£Լڵļ
֮ľȫΪͨƿأԽһеĸ֪׼ȷѾ֪жǿˡ
ֻҪԼֵܹʲô̶ȣ֪Լǿʲôز
һ̣ȫһȻһ׸ϣ㣬ǻһսϣǽսС֮ѧķֶΡ
طϣ㣬Ѿܹʩչǿֶˣ
ǣ⽣˷ϮȻ˲ͽĲ׷ɢȥ
ţ⽣״̵ǧٿףһ̱㳹ֻʣһսϸǣ˴ʱֻһɶѡ
գĿսֵֵס˽ɵʣɵĽһ֮ϡ
⽣˷̹ϴ̳Ѫ
Ѫ˲緢ǿڴʱȻ޷ֵסԷĽڱˣƤ׷ܵشǶֵס⽣Ĵơ
˲һѪˣи˺üأ󱻽ɫ⳹ױ
ֻʣһȱվǰȫشش
Ϊ̫ص֮£ֱӱ飬Ȼѿճǿ϶κδĻˡ
ǺǣվǵֵסƷ󣬱̫ӻֶûóأ벻ɵˣȤ
̫ӹЦһս˵һܼѵսһʼΣֱѹŴΪ̫ӵӶˡ
ڣü벻̫ƷûнĶ֣ȻöƷɵˣЩԤϡ
ȻҲΪ̫ƷѵʽУǿĵн֮ƣľ֮ƣǿ̫ƷʽǹԵĻôԱƷ󣬽Ҫǿ١
ۿֱӱһ̯࣬䶷˵ɫ΢΢ˡ
Ͻ㣬㿴⡭
սϯϣѪӺĿɿڴɴųġʬ塱Щŵӡ
ĺˡ
ݺȴüͷ΢΢ţһɻ֮ɫʵǳö˽⣬ȺҪö࣬Ͼ֡
˵Ž̫ӵнʵǿԱܿҪĲŶԣʵȴûбܿҪֱӱ˸ţŵӡ
ںݺĵУ൱ɻ˵ס޷ܣӲˣΪƶѹܹǿ˵һ̫ӡ
ΪˣݺиۣǾǣû
ǣڵ£Ѿѣˡʬ塱ûĻֻʣһԣǾǣӵкǿ
Բǲڵģݺݺ˽ģϸһУһ󲿣ߣһֽѪططܵ˵ʱ򶼳׻ָһַǳǿֶΡ
ѵҲֶΣ
ݺĲ²⵹ǺʵȽϽӽˣ϶벻ǣֶΣǱ󲿵ĲѪǿĴڣ
̫ӣʱ˿̳ڻǿе˷ܵУδע⵽䶷ϵʬ塱ϢʵעҲעⲻˡ
Ϊʱ˿Ȼʶʶĵڶ࣬ħ֮УȻʩչžƿأԽ̫ӵ̽⡣
ħ֮ģһ̯ʬ塱У֮ǰѾԹγ׵Ľ壬ٶҪ˺ܶࡣ
ټϣǰ壬ǽ𣬳ħ֮ⲻʣһ˿һڣġʬ塱лкܶಢδݻٵĲ֡
ٶȱ֮ǰҪöࡣ
ħ֮ʱ򣬾ƿʼձΣý̫Ӹ֪ߵ䶷֮ϰս߾͸Ӳˡ
ʱ˿̣䶷ڶһƬΪ̫ӽܣһ֤ŵǿѹһ
ҪǣⳡľУӮǮˣһܣǾܻǳ࣡
һЩˣǷǳϧͬʱĵ°ɽֺ䶷Ͼ䶷ųϢ˵ɽǳǿпܻ̫ܽӡ
ȴԼƭˣڣĻ̫Ӻö˶˵վ̨ϣɽȴѾһ̯ʬ塱
˶Ϊⳡ䶷սѾˣڷ׷ŷ̫ӵĽ棬Լڵľ
Ǳߣǧɫ׵ĽǿҲüЦ˵ʵ̫ӴƵʱǻЩĵأڲŷ֣ԭԽ̫ӵĵȫûбҪģ̫ӣʲôʱʧˣ
ʱûܷӺãͷʱҲܹתǬֳ׺ɱġ
ǧǿޣȫһƬϲķΧС
Ҫýǿ߳ˣ̫ӼȻû£Ǿ龪һ䶷л˵Сɽжǿһ
Ǻǣɽ̫̫̫ǿˣҪǻǵ۾ϳͱɽɵ˰ɡ
ǻϲţ䶷ϣȴԸٶȽ
ħ֮ģһмΪǿطرϾƿصʱܹ˸֪Լܹ״̬½
ûоƿأڽ̫Ѿ˶ߣûз׻ˡ
۵ֶҲǼΪǿģħ֮ĺ;ƿأֱ֮ϵط
ţħ֮ԱߣѸһࡢѪ⡭𽥵ģһжѸٵţ
ǽ̫Ҫ뿪䶷ԼʤʱѾˣȻûȫָѾӵʩչֶε
ӱϣȻֻһ̯ʬ塱ͻȻ䣬һǳ̲֮ʬ塱Ѹٴܳγʮιš
ʮιţŽ̫ӵıֱӱϮ˹ȥ
Ʒʮǹ
ʩչԼǿֶΣ


1113 ɱ
ͻȻϮʱ˶û뵽
ƿڸԼϢ֮󣬽̫Ӹ޷ı仯䶷֮ϰھֻͨ˫͸ɱˡ
㶯һֶΣԼϸ΢ĶȫᱻڿˣҲΪ˷ֹ˿߶Ӷȥѽ̫ӡ
֮ܶɹħ֮ģһ̶ȵ˿Լʩչֶεĵزһ̾ʮǹжƷ
̫ӵȻоˣϾƷǿϢ̫ˣþƿؿڸҲûа취Է
ʲô
̫ȻоΣϮʱһ֪ô£ʶĽ⻷Ȼ̫Ʒʩչ˵ڶзֶΡ
ϧǣʮǹȫǹԵֶΣ
һιֱӽ٣̫Уʮιţֱ䶷ʮ򣬶룡
̫ӣֱӱһιţ̤뵽˱ӡ磬Ҫ̤ʮǹķӡԽ̫ӵʵҪʱʱ䣬˵
ʮιţɢǳһ֣䶷Χϰ˳ˡ
Сû
ֳгһˣ˲亰仰ʱżͬʱ֣䶷ϵȻվȻȻǳǱӣȫȴɢĸоµȻ۳ʮιţֱ̫У䶷ʧ
ôܣ
һ˵ȣ˲Ŀɿڴû뵽ȻܻҪǶû˿
䶷⣬ΣûвҲˣ̫ôûв
ȫǵԤϣǵ̬һʱ䷢˼ת䣬ǴڶԽ̫ӻʤϲУڣÿ˶һλָ˵ǵ״̬֮¡
ڵĽ̫ӣȻֶסˣ
ҪǣôǿĶƷ󣬽󣬶ûܹѹɱǸɽɽӵʲôµʵֶΣ
̫ӣΣˣ
ļλǿߣһʱ䶼ɫ׷׿ʼϢȥΪһ̫ӳ£Ǳֽɽ
Ȼǵʱֹⳡ޳ܵ飬Ͼⳡϰڹۿǽ壬ûеôҪĵز
Ҫǣϰ֮УвϹǿߣǽ嶼ҵģ
ο䶷ôԸֹⳡ
䶷ɱ壡
̫ӣڽ壡
˵˫ͬǺӣ໥仹ǻоͳͻ䶷˵ⳡսѾ˲棬ý̫ǾԸ⣡
ңսûʱֹ̫Ȼ󣬵˵Ҳ㲻ʲôҪҪ
ô״˸Ϲб䣡
£Щλ׾ֻܴϢýĴǿ߹ˣΪʵ̫شˣ
ȻϢ֪ͨȥж죬վǸϲɱ̫ӵٶȣ
ʮǹжƷ󣬻ǼΪǿĿֶΣʱ˿̵Ľ̫ӣѾʮǹʮͬռлʩչ޷ͻƵʮǹĿռ䣡
ǿ̫࣬ȻʮǹУֻͨѰιŲܹͻƳ
ʱͻȻ뵽һУǰûģһƺԼʵøǿ
ʮǹҴʮþռ䣬ͨþռ䣬óһĽڣʹֳιŵʽǿ뵽Ľȥ
ǰһ
һֵ˾ĽȥǴײεĴڣܹӵ࿹ȻղֵҲˡ
ھĽУΪ֮ǻ޵еĴڣ
Ȼе뷨Ըײεǿ߻ǲܵģҪ˵ˣֻҪؾǿߣͶܹǿͻʮƭԷ뵽Ľȥ
ڣֻ̫Ǹǵ۾ޣ
Ȼ츳Ϊ£ҲǴﲻؾǿߵսģʱ˿̣ͻƳʮεҲп뵽µ嵱ˣ
뵽ֱӽĽڣӡǴ۳⽵ʮοռеһڣһιŵ״ǽ̫ӹͻֱ̤УҲǽ뵽˾Ľ統ȥ
ʱҪɱɾ׾ٵˡ
սϯϣͺݺ˿
ɵЦ˵Ҿ֪Сӣ϶ʧֶΣ̫ˣһǸСǿ
㻹˵
ݺ˶ʱһӵӣźҲ֪ղ˭һ̾ӣ˵ˡȼ֪֮ô׾ģô˵Ҳҿϵš
㿴ϵģϽ㣬㿴ˣ
ʱһ𾪵ӡ

ݺʱԴһ£ôˣ⿴ϲǸϡˣҵͦģˣܹɣҶǾʥŮźܾء
Ͻ㻹ͦ군ˣ군ˣѪȻһǰˡ
ԣʱøˡ
һ̣սϯϱһޱȵĲҽںݺĽѵ£ûþֱˣʾԼһжǺ˵˵Ͻԭơ
սϯϵ飬˿Ӱ쵽䶷ͽ̫ӵս
ȺˣѾ֪ͨײεǿ߹һʱ֮϶ϲģ䶷еһѾ֮ˡ
ˣ
һʮοռУǽ̫Ѹٵҵٵιţû˼һ£ֱӱ̤뵽С
ιţԾӡǻûģ̤о͵̤˾Ľ磡
󹦸ˣڣؾĽ磡
ǰһ˾ȻԼҲ뵽ʮεĿռУһ̤˾ӡǻιš
Ըо̫Ѿ˾ĽС
Լ󣬺ܿͳ˾ĽеյУҵ˽̫ӻͷɫ
ɽ
ͷɫܿĴڣʱЩϲôãҵ˶֣ӿܣ
̫ӣȻ֪ԼѾ뵽µȦУôܻ뵽ǵ۾εȻӵһС磿
ƽ£ǲܵ飬ǽ̫ݵĴڣû˵ģ
ԣû˿׼µĽ̫ӣעҪɵˣʱȻǲˣŶԷʱҲû֣ôܷŹԷ
ɣ
ɱһֱӳͷеĽɫ


1114 նɱ̫
̫ӵȻ֪ԼѾСУĽ磬С磬СУ൱һĴڣ
ԣ̫Ӽɱǻ¶ɱ⣬δ˵֪ôлģ϶ܳ׽Сɱˡ
ϧ뷨׽Լˡ
ŽɫϮɱͬʱ۾Ľ֮ԼȫԼһǰδеĲΡ
֮ٱ˵ǲǵ۾Ľ̫ӣλǰҲһܽɱ
ʮ㣬ľҪһлɱ̫ӵ⡣
̫ӱ뽫ֱӻɱϿȴҲܵǿҵĲԤУοϲϱǵڲ˲
ǡ
̫ɵĽɫ壬˶۾ʱ󣬴ʱ˿̹ϵƣһȫ޷ֵĸоȻӿֳһ˿ǰδй
ӣ
̫˾ǳԼֱµ񲻿ܻȥӲƴǿС
ȻҪȴ̫Щ
Ѿ˾ĽУҪ̸ףھĽУٶȸܺᲢۣ
󣬾Ԩ
ƷٴʩչһΣԨ֮ǰǿٱ
ѷ죬ױȵٶȳŽ̫ӱڴӹȥǿٱٶȶٱ˫಻Զѷ˲㽵ٵ˽Եıϡ
һ˲䣬ԿдһŭŭδãֱɢΪԨĴ֮£̫һʱ䶼ûܹסԱֱӾɢ˳̣״ʧ
ΨһģֻһŽ⣬ٱԨ£ȻܹǱڽ̫ӵ̫Ʒ̫𶴡
̫𶴣ڽ̫ıѾѳʽ˵ûʲôá
̫ƷľѣսƣսҪﵽ߼˫ΣսԼʶ̫ƷѵβУ⻹֮ǰ˵ġ̫𶴣δӵʶлĻǿˡ
š
ڶԼ˵̫𶴾û̫ˣϾҪĶˣûʱ̫𶴡
ڽɵˣ治ףһЩŵȷǿ⻹ͷһкͬĶ֣ܺս̶ȵġ
ЩпȻѾ̫ӸɵȴҲòϣ̫ӵʵԶǰκһͬĶ֡
ǰͬǰǲһڣ̫ȴӵнܵȻûʵȴӵġ
ⳡսڲлʤʮκ;ĽУ̫Ӵ뵽˾ĽУȻһٻɱ
Ļ»ҪѺܶ๦ܽɵ̫ӵıǿȻȴǺġ
οشһΣʱս϶ȫʢ״̬ƴ»治֡
ô˵ջʤˣھĽн̫նɱ
䶷УѾЩˣڻûȫָûҪôȥС飬ȥ磬
з˳Ȼȥ䶷ϣʱ۲һʲô䣬֪ͨ뿪Ľ硣
ʱ䣬ھĽȡָУ֮ǰشȻħ֮ĵҪȫָҪһʱ䣬ɲ״̬õ뿪Ľ硣
ȥضһĳͻԼõ״̬У
ڣ̫ӵ»֪¶Ӧ˶ã϶þ϶úˡ
ţȻ߶Լĵڶ࣬ħ֮ģԼָԭȫʢ״̬

뿪Ľ磬䶷УҲʹԺ֮С
䶷Уʮιʮλ䶷֮йսߣƺΣڴţǽ̫ӣһ䶷ϡ
Ȼǲ֪ͽ̫ӵǵռȥܿʮιŴĻþռ䣬ʱʧˡ
û֪ڽ̫Ѿնɱ
ǱߣǧŽɫ׵ޣһɫΪصųУǶԽ̫ӷǳģҲǸоЩԾˡ
˵̫ӸõֶζˣӦýնɱ˲Ŷԣɽȴûķ˷̫һռС
ЩȫʼδģԣѾ˴ϢýĴǿ߹һʲôⷢ̾͵òȡжˡ
˵ⳡսʤ˭
ϣɽϾѺһöϣӮ˵ʵոʱɰһ
ϣ̫ãˣ̫ӻȫʢ״̬ɽûҲضܵشԺ̫ӶԵˡ
ҵҲãɽʤҪһЩӷϢı͵ϮСӿкֶܶεģ˵ܰѽ̫ӸϮˡ
䶷⣬ϰսߵѾ˶ⳡսĽǳڴ
նɱ̫ھĽУ䶷Ĺ֪̫ѾˣԲûⳡʤ
˰ɣϲǽ̫ӦѾɵˡ
սϯһߣ۾²
֪ӵһС磬Ľģͽ̫˫䶷ϣᣬ̫뵽ĽȥˣĻôⳡʤͲҪ˵ˡ
ɣ˵̫ҲԼö˶˵ľҪսԼαأ
ݺΪɣûͻϮʱ֪ⳡսʤѾֳˣʱˡ
˵ͽ̫ӵʵ࣬˫ս츳Щ࣬ƿӺ̫ӣԭռƵ̫һӵԨȵס
Щˣôϲ
ǺЦţڽ̫ȻҲǲˬģ˵۱ҲõˣֻⳡĽĺϷͿʼˣ
ݺԣ΢΢һ̣ԴҲЩڴӡ
ǵı磬۾ͳѪ䣬ѵһβŻսϹǺӵɱϣػкܾʵְɣ


1115 Թܼ
ʱ䲻ƣǽ̫ӣûг䶷ϣ䶷еĹսǶЩļ
ⳡս׵ʲôĳ̶ˣ
ͽ̫ӵս䶷ϣǵ˻þռУǴ׼ĴڣҲܿоʲô
һֱȥֱһʱ֮
һȺưǿޣֱӴ䶷֮ⴳ˽һڵģΪ׵һˣɫףһɫģ
Ⱥһ֣ʱ䶷ж
ǽĴܼңҲ̫ӵ常УǿĴ֮һ
벻徹ȻôܼҶˣҲԣҪ֪ⳡй̫ӵһھˣ嵱ȻܷŹǸɽ
һȺУȻܹײεĴڣǶ̫ӵİΣҲǹĵˡ
кã䶷ѾֳʤĻЩǿ߸ϹҲ޷ıֵģΪ̫ӱˣֻǿϧɽôǿһš
⻰˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵ϣǽ̫ӽСӸնɱأϾô˫û֣սпܳ˵Ԥء
˿ʼ⵱ȻΧŸոմ䶷һȺǿߣײεǿߣܹڶʱڸϹҲôˡ
ȻȻֻˣȴô鲢Ҫ̫ӾСֻǵ۾Ƶʲô
һָܽκһǵ۾ˡ
ҪɵģѪѪӺѪٴĵǶܶ˶֡
ԣҪΪ̫ӱֻܽ˶ָУҪȻǲֵĻýЩǿߺѰ졣
ΪˣЩǿߴ䶷ֱ֮Ӿͳźͺݺڵķ˹
ײεǿߣ׷׳źͺݺλסλ׵ȵǿߣǷ׷׷ɢ䶷Χֱóһռ
һȷ̫ӷ⣬ǾԲСӴ룡
ڣʱѾȥˣһ̶ҵȥˣһ̣˵ܾ̫һô˵ⳡڶѾû̫塣
ǿ߾һĽΣǱģؼڽˣܷ̫Ӿѡ
ˣⳡҲý˰ɣɱģǻſ䶷ķϣ
ǿ֮УΪ׵ĿܼңɫףɫͼΪۣҲֻһŽɫģŵȫֻǽ԰ˡ
壬վֻһʼնҪΪ࡭
ܼŽɫɼڽеĵλ֮ߡ
һ߳źͺݺ߹һ߳ŭ䶷Ȼܹ䶷Ļ˸
Ͼ˿ǽĴܼңʵݵλڽжǰУŵɱеĻһ䶷֮ϵġ
䶷ȻɱĲҵʱ˿̣为ҲòЦӭˡ
λ״ӹսϯվȻǽܼЦű˱ȭűԸȥ˹رշȡ䶷Եһϡ
ɱ˵ѾûҪֹˣȥֻҪϷˣѪͽĳͻǽⳡͷϷ
ɱȽģֻȻܹ˿µ̫Ӷ֪ý̫ΣС
̫ܽһζڽ˵һκܴĴΪܼǰͣô˵Υصľٶ
˵ɱ˲ֹڽ˵ԻвСĴ
ֻΪ̫ӵҲ˲ôˣԭܼûʱɱ϶ǲܷſ䶷ģڼȻܼҶˣټȥҲûˣʱ֤һ¾ˣ
˫û£ⳡƽˡ
һ䶷ͳǺЦţų䶷ԵķϱȡϴĪЦݡ
Ϸˣ
ã
Ҳʱ򣬺ͺݺ֪̫ΪܼҾȻһˣ˾Ȼܼ׸ס
ڼ䣬ҪֵĻɾû취ˣǱ
Ǻǣڲ֪𣿡
ܼ¶޵ЦݣϾϵһֱͺݺûĿĵģ
ϻ˵ɽСӱ
֪䣬ܼѾײεǿߣܹˣͺݺҪȥ䶷Ԯĵ·
䶷ǲϻҿ䶷ϵʮιţǽɢȥţ𽥳䶷룬ʱѾ׻ָȫʢ״̬ȫûһ˺ۣħ֮ĵ·ȫûܵһ
ɫȴǲ̫ãΪմӾĽгͷ䶷ȻȫѾǿ߸Χˣϰɫ׵ǿߣΧ䶷ΧһɫؾĲΣκһǿ߶ܹȫѹ
û˰æĻǲܻ뿪ˣϣںͺݺ
ȻշҲܹ˦ƴһƴҲϰ˵汳ģ䶷ը䶷ڶκܹǴײεǿҲ⡣
һĻҲܵģԲ򲻵ѵ£ܶóʯٵһС
ɽˣ
Сӣȫһˣ
̫ûгѵնɱˣ
γֵһɲǣ䶷һ֮˶û뵽ⳡһСӣȻӮˣ䶷Ͻ̫Ӹɵˡ
ҡɱ
ۿһĻǽĴ¶ʱĿѣ̫ȻĶӣȴҲϲ츳Ϊǿᣬû뵽ھȻɱϣһǵ۾Сϣ
ܼҸ޷סԼеķŭŭУԭͰΧ䶷Ľؾǿߣֱɱ䶷
壬ǲҪˣȻϰ˵棬С֮£
һߵȻһԵĹսϯϴһӰֱ˳ɫӰ䲻ۣȴǼΪΰһʮɱĽǿ߸ǰ
ߣһޣ磬ȻͬǴ׵ĲΣǽܼҶ£


1116 ƴʦ
ֵ߳ʱ򣬲䶷Ҳȫˡ
׾ͷ˭ȻվΪͷ
Ҳ벻ΪԼͷȥΪԼֵЩǿߣѵΪͷһǿߣ
˵ĻߵͦģϾȻϣվڲͬࡣ
ڽҪ彮۸֮㣬ͷΪǰһƺҲЩ˵ȥ
ͷеͽԣ䱳ҲСҾӵмΪµʵ
ܿͶõӡ֤
ȻǰƴʦǺӵİƴʦ
ƴʦôӿɺˣƴʦ֣ǽҪٶԸɽɾûôˣ
ɲ𣿰ƴʦǰ֮Уӽ񾳽ĴڣȴڣҾȻлüǲа
ԭͷ˳ơƴʦϣǺӣǺӽ񾳽Ĵڣ
һ۴У֪ͷӵȷݵλһ߱ǿʵֲڸվ
ͷƴʦһ֣ס˹ʮˣֻһ̧֣һҫĿ׹ⱬʮؾǿ߷׷׻˿ȥ
ʱһߵʮǿߣϮɱҲʱһɫӰȻԳ֣һţ˲۳һɭȻѪ
һɭȻѪϤΪ֮ǰһɭȻѪɵѪɫ⣬һֱ۸նȻͻȻʶħ֮ĵܣܹԼ֮еҩԡ
˵ڳǰסʮǿߵģȻѪѪݺ
ݺƮѪɫŨⱬɢȥʮǿȫˡ
ЩǿнԻЩѪɫŨбնƬǲòˡ
ˣҪɱĽǿߣȫ˿ȥ
̲סعͷȥһ۹սϯϣսϯϣͺݺȻǽĴܼҸš
˵ǰͺݺһģһľŮӾ˭
ô£
ǽĴܼҶҿû˵ѪиõģҲ˵סֻǡ
ֻǻӰޡ
ǰԭͺվһĺݺӰȻһЦȻȻ˲仯һѪʧĸɸɾ
ݺȻֻλײεΪʵȴѾԺѰĴǿ߱ȼ磬ĳЩʤһ
ڣ˰ǽܼҴǿڣûһ˺ݺӰֻǻӰԵֱʧȥȻ
Уվ䶷룬ݺ󣬰ƴʦңΪֵŽȫǿߡ
һȺɫ׵ؾǿߣʱıжˣ
ȻСӳ֣̫ȴû֣ѾСӸɵˣԼڵҪﱻɵԼȴ޷Ϊ䱨ָо˼Ρ
˵ֵİƴʦˣǺȻֵĺݺͲôͻƵģҪԽɱ˵ǲܵˡ
ƴʦΪҪСӣ
£Ҳ̫ӵ常ȫȴҶ԰ƴʦʲôƢҪĻڳЩǿߣ²ƴʦһġ
˵ƴʦҲǴףܼҲǴףͬǴ׵ľ磬˫ʵȴر
ƴʦǴнӽ񾳽Ĵڣ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôܼҿ϶ҵġ
ֻ·ӣҪһ
ƴʦ̹ƮȻչֳһʦķ緶ǽĴܼҵ˵ⳡǴͷβģ֪λλô޳֮£һС֣
⻰һȫԾ
ӣҪһ
˲ˣ
ڰƴʦ˶ţ˵Դյĵһ״ҲûչͽˣҲȫûбֳҪͽܵ˼
ڣƴʦżȻɽȻͽͷ˵ɽ츳ﵽ˲˼ľ磿
üͷ΢΢һ壬ںճƴʦŸм֮ģϾԷΪΧʮؾǿߡ
˵ƺҪΪͽ˼Щ׽͸ˣոպͽ̫ǳսǸŷϵģƴʦܸŷϣ츳
ѵͷӿҪӽ񾳽磬Ѿ赲ס̽ˣ
ţͦܣϾϵĽߣҲѰĴ׾ǿ߰ˣȻֵסΪߵǿ̽⡣
ô˵²ûõģֻܾ۳ơ
˰ƴʦⷬǽĴܼҶʱһֲԤУҪǰƴʦҪסɽСӣǿ϶û취Ϊ̫ӱ˰
Ȼ̫λȷڱȸС
ƴʦҲ֪̫еλսҲҪù󣬱ҲΪλСֵܣֻҪ̫ӵʬǱȥ
Ĵܼң԰ƴʦ˵
ȻдŹʵ仰лǺġ
ͨؾεսУս֮Ҫʬ嶼Ǻѵģ˵ͽ̫Ӷǵ۾Ĳˡ
սУҪսĻɱ˶ԷϾ͵ͬڻҷˣܻʬ塣
ԣܼҷΪѰƴʦ⻰˵Ҳ̫ã鷳Ҳ֡
ƴʦ̫ɽʵڲ֮䣬˵֮ǰ̫ӻɽ飬ѾɽشȴŹһϾֻѰսֻǣɽȴδŹ̫ӣǷ͵ϮϾɱ
ܼԽ˵ԽҲûʲô̫©
һƴʦ֮ⷬô˵
ǰƴʦȴҰװӰδ˿еɫû˿仯ֻǵĳ˵ҹôĵӾǲУ
⻰䶷ϰ˼Ҫƴʦˡ
ʼɽû˵һ仰ƴʦҪάֱԼӡҪ
ôҵ
ҲסˣͷҲ̫Ϊ˰ɣȴҪġ
ʦڿӵо۴Уõ˾Ľ磬ӵо
ʦ˵пޣƴʦӽ񾳽Ĵڣվṳ̂񾳽磬кܴࡣ
˵ʵԼܴͷѧʲôõĶȻͷкܶѧɷˣ˵ѧվڶ࣬ôֶΣרİѾߵĴиã


1117 ܲʦ
ʱ򣬺ݺѾƮԡ
ܵܣǽ̫ӣѾɵô
ݺЦһʵ

˵ͷûʲôģΣ˶Ҫô̫ʲô
̫ûЩǿߣҲܷŹˣ
̫ӿǽһ츳ǿ֮һˣȴɵˣ
ݺǰһԭôȷϾпֻǰѽ̫ʲôطˡ
׿˵ĻȻмˡ
ͦѵģãҺһǵ۾ҪȻҪԸѡ
п˵
˰㣬̫ǵ۾ǵ۾ҲģϾԼĵء
ݺ˿ЦţԣЩǿ߸Ҷٶˡ
˵ܲͻƺݺ谭ܹһ˺˺ݺҲǳԲ˶ߣλѪѪ壬ǱȽǿ޲塣
ôСֵܣʦࣿҪȻԻ뿪ˡ
Զ۵߰ƴʦ˫ʵ
⡭֪ǰݣΰʦ
ȴҡҡͷһͷΧ˶ΪһѺ֪ݣڶأǽܼҶѾ˵ˣ߾ǰƴʦ
ѵСû˵ƴʦţ
ǼΪټϾЩ彮߶˵ƴʦģɽΪһ壬Ȼ֪ƴʦû˸š
ʵֻǲʦһûҪ»в鷳ĵط
ڵܲʦֻҪʱͿˣȵѪѪ۾ͳ쵽ҪƴʦæҲ¡
Ӵ
ƴʦҲ⻰Ϊȣ֣»شˣ壬ϣǡ·˵أ츳ҪΪ״ӣԸӦ
˵ôˣԸӦĻƴʦϿºѹȥ
䶷ҲŲǿڳʱ˿̶Ľʺ޵ĸоȻаƴʦΪӣѵСӵ츳
ԵĺݺҲĿдڴ
Ҳ˵ƴʦ֣ܹʦƴʦǻǲģȻƴʦķںݺǱȲϾʥŮġ
Ҫ֪ʥŮͲŶ󣿵ȴѾڳǰУѾѹǿˣ彮ڣʮӿֳ֮һ
ƴʦվ̫ˣȻ彮ڵĵλ϶ǳģϾʹ󣬹ϵ˵Ǳ鲼塣
ʦƴʦ˵ƣܹʶˣ˵Ҳûʲôá
ݺһ˫ĿڴҪξһˣæĴӦˣ治һ
ǰֻǿҸǺ츳ѣҪΪ𣿡
״
⻰ʵģðƴʦǰһѩ׵ĺӣǺЦǻԭ򣬲ԭ㲻ϣڴ֮ͥ˵ġ
⻰һݡ
ƴʦĿڰԭֻҪʱ䣬ȴû뵽õһ𰸡
ΪΪ츳ԭԭ򡭡
Цڲ˼ʲôԭƴʦҪԼΪͽ츳ӦûˣҲֻһСֵԭ
ԭ򣬿»ƴʦԼϵĳܣ
ݣ˵оҾĽڵľ
ϲ²⣬ò⣬ܹȷƴʦ˵һ㣬ֻ㶼С
㣬Ƕϣƴʦڴ֮ͥ˵ġ
ɲˡ
ƴʦƺЩܵӣʱЦ˵츳СеȷһָģȻ˵ĻҲҪΪ״ӣôڿ˰ɣ
ԣʱ˼״ʱûлش
䶷ˣȫڵĻشҪӦʦĻȥҲûʲôϷˣ˵˶϶ǻʦġ
лǱȽϣҪʦΪĻǾͻһϷԿˣ϶ưոݣ
ϰʦĻƴʦӣҲǲٱӻˡ
ʱ˿̣ڵĻش𣬲ͬʱڲ²ţƴʦ˵һҪΪ״ӵԭʲô
ԭĿԿɾͶˣ룡
пܵģɽݣƾЩβ²⣬ܲ²ݵġ
䶷гһʱûд𻰡
˶Ⱥǿ߸һӦʦƴʦЩǿ̾ͻᳯɱ
кݺڸǰҲܹԲܿģ
š
˼ţݺֿƴʦֿ˿ԶĽڶǿߣΪҪ˵𰸵ʱȴһεͷ˼
䶷ϰ˼Ϊ֮Ѫֱһ
СӣǷᵽ˼㰡ʦʦȻĥĥģһǰƴʦҪͽô
һ¡
˼ã̧ͷ˰ƴʦʵǰҰΪʦ͵ҪȥİǺ𣿡
Ȼ
ƴʦҲĵ˵ͷ˿Ȼѵ߻ʲô飿Ļ൹ǲǿаߣһ߰ߡ
²̫ɡ
ЩΪѵ˵
޷еʱ䡣
ƴʦ˰˵ҰףڰǺҲ򣬵Ȼôеġ
ȴЩˣҪʱ䣬ƺϰ
Ǳô
һԵĺݺʵ
ݺΪ죬Ҳش֪Ӧÿ쵽˰ɣʱӡǴ䶷Աߣ˵Ӧÿ쵽ˡ
ݺЩʲô뷨
Сǲʦ
ݺ֪Ϊʲôʦȴ뷨֪Ҫͺı磬Ѫ֮󣬲ȷܾƴʦһЩҲû취ˡ

ݺĵ׶ָһ㣬ȴҲ̫ףΪʲôϰʦƴʦȥǺӡ
˵ʦƴʦĻԴҲȱ٣һõõܹ˳̤ؾˣ
УЩġ
鷳ˣΪƴʦĿģţҲ֪ƴʦʲô
ǲ׸ߵģ
СӣԭϷˣడ
ȻǰƴʦЦȻˣ㲻ߵˣλĶԹɡ
⻰һɫʱһ䡣


1118 ѱӻ
Ȼ֪ͺݺ֮ĶԻǰƴʦˣȻͺݺúܽǴǰƴʦ磬ʵǳ̫࣡
ƴʦͣ仰УȻһӾ㡣
ƴʦ仰ɫˣԵĺݺɫҲǱˣ˵ʵҲû뵽ôĴᱻǰƴʦ
ѾСĵδˣû뵽ƴʦеĸ
ݺĿиֳһ裬Ϊ֪ƴʦ֮󣬽ҪٵľԽǿߵΧ
ֻҪƴʦܣЩǿ߾ͲܷŹǰٷ֮һٵ飬Ժݺ̾׼
Ȼƴʦ˵仰ȻߵһԵʱЩǿȫϲ⣡
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ðƴʦϷˣֻҪƴʦⷬǾ㹻ˡ
ƴʦܣ˭ӵ㹻ʵ
ûУ
ǺݺͺֵֻܵƬ̰ˣȻ󣬽˲Ҷǣƹ˶Ըûʲô̫ġ
رǣܼңǷǳֶεһڣкݺͺǰǶԽץߣ
Űƴʦߵһԣ䶷еƣһν
Ϊ䶷ĶɱڵȻ˵ʲôڼĳϾ̵ְɱϵֻ·ɱһƴʦˡ
ڰƴʦˣһжڳɱԤеķչȥ
̫ӣѾСɽˣѾشʧȥĻҪܽѪˮǾͺˡ
䶷Ķüɱǿ߶ţţҪҪг֣ìܣýѪӹĳͻ
һûнǾȾ䣬Ͼڰû֣ζ޹ء
һǳˣпܵ±ȽصĺǲģʱȲ֡
ѾǳˣҪǼӰѻѾܹȼˡ
⡭
УЩʼδǰƴʦһֱƤȥأֱѪһǿ߹һо͸㶨ˡ
ڣƴʦȻֱˣ
䶷У˶ʼڴǲŲʲôģЩȫֻҪϷ
лƴʦ
ܼҶ԰ƴʦȭ˵ţȻЦһЦ˳е㿴ȫѰ··㲻ߣԼҪµҲԹñˣ԰ɣ
ֵľ͹ϻƪǲеģ
û˵ԵĺݺѾһ⻰ֱӽǽܼҸǺһصġ
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㱻˭һ£ǶӰˣοǺݺһǧĵĴŮ
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һ̣ΧϰǿһγɱΪкݺߣǲûзƣֻǿ׼ֵӡ
ڽĴܼңԼ׾ǿߣ뿪˺źݺⷽ汼Ϯ˹
Ͼô˵ֻǸλףͺݺսȫһˮƽϣֻҪݺסˣôҲͿסˡ
ںֱǲʮλȥţѾ㹻סжˡ
£ҲֻһԿϷˡ
Ͻ㣬Ͱ
Цģһ㶼ûнŵӣΪЩ˸ҶͺݺʲôΨһΣյֻˡ
кݺڣ⵽Σգ
ܿĲʵˡ
˳ͺݺʱ򣬺ݺһץסһȣȻֱӽԼǰһöѪɫ׹˽ȥ
öѪɫ׹ӣȻǺݺСڣ
ݺΪλײεǿߣȻӵԼС磬Сý飬ǰһöѪɫ׹ӡ
ȣѪɫ׹һӣֻǰƬϮƬ̺һռԼԼһΧȫѪɫĿռ䵱С
ǺݺС磡
ǰһܣһС磬ȫѪɫգռ֮һѪɫϢǺݺǿҵɱϢ
ҪݺƽʱܺõӣڶԵеʱѪɱ¾֮ƣȴΪ֮ŷӣ
ڵĵط֪ǺݺСеһ䣬֮ûмκĴڣֻܵΧѪɫϢǺݺζ
ƬѪɫգԼ޷߶ǺݺԼˣνڵĺݺСȫҪʱסɣ˵Ҳûʲôν
ݺǺ뷨ֻҪҲؽСУЩһҪɱң˲ܵ飬ΪҪɵңȸɵݺ壬ػûӣ
룬Ϊݺ뷨ޣ椻һԼ˵ǴһȫľˣŰƴʦıӻҲ˶ˡ
֮£ֻԼˣĶ࣬պɱ˵չͳһܲ򵽸ණɡ
ӻȡɱйϹȻ˿û
Ϊڵ֪ԼҲûãѾȫˣźݺ϶ǲýЩ˵óѵġ
ȻݺλףܴӽܼƤӵܳȻߣɼݺ϶ŲֶΣ򲻹ٿ·ġ

䶷УݺֱӽСУ˶һˡ
޳ܰ
˶ʱݺǽһΪȫĵطˣںݺСУ˭ȥ
ҪȽݺɱҪôǽ뵽ݺСУǰߣЩ飬ںߣһ뵽ݺС磬ǿôĶ֪
û˻޴˵С磬ǴҲһ
һѪǽԼһǳΣյľˡ
䶷УҲһ㡣
ô˵
˶ԴЩ⣬˭ҶѪЩǿ߿϶Ҳǲҵİɣ
Ѫɽɽǻɱ˽̫ӵļһҪ֪̫ӣǱΪһһ˵ģǶɽǷɱɡȻܽ뵽ѪС磬Ǿֻʣһ;ˡ
˵Щ֮ˣпܶѪɱ֣
һ㣬ʱЩĶѪɱֵĻ飬˵ԿԴ彮ˣӰʵ̫ˣ


1119 Ѫڴ
䶷У˶µԣʱȫȫ˶ųУ´κһϸڡ
ĴܼңԼ׾ǿߣѾĸݺΧ롣
ѪҪǽˣ
ܼҳ˵ʮ裬Ѿȷ̫ѾôǸСɽǱҪġ
Ѫݺ˱ӻСӣܼҵȻưոݣ
¶Է⣬ҲҪʱҪ֪ǱˣòûΪ̫ӱ𣬸Ϊǿߵӣ
Ҫ˺ݺˣպټѪ˻ȻȻһȣص֮󣬿϶Ҳᱻѵ𣬶Դܼ˵ûһ˿һ˺
ܼңˣ´ͷβڸԣǵ鷳𣿡
ݺ˿ǽܼңЦţȻ󻷹һΧ˵ڳ˶֪ɽ̫ӵⳡսǹƽģ˭䶷ˣǾǼˣһ´ܼңⳡĲ̫ӣɽأ
ѵҲӦþһȺǿҪɱ̫Ӳɣ
һ䣬ݺķʣýڳЩǿ߶Щ֮ɫʵȷˣھ˶ͻһȺ˹ģ
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ߣϻ˵ɽǿҪˣѪΪǲҶ㲻ɣ
ܼɫһв˵
ǻҪǿԶ٣һȺˣҲˣʱȥպ󶼲ǽ֮˾ˣʵ̫û˼ˡ
ݺЦţδʲôȫȴɢѪɭȻϢս״̬ƼΪ£ֻλ׵ľ磬ʱ˿̣ȻҲĴ׾ǿƽɫӡ
óв˶ˣֻλףôܹǿߵƣ
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УѪ彮һΪŵһȺ֮һ⻰٣ڲŶʮ꣬ȵٹ꣬¾ܹɳΪһˡ
Ȼˣˣϣ
ܼ֪ڲʱȥΪһӵ̫ãܷ̫ܿʣõİ취ǽݺץס׽
ܹ׽ݺȥĵ̣ôһоͶ˵ˣû˺ѪʱѪҲ˵
٣ҪסѪСеɽɵУ
Žܼһ£ܹ׾ǿ߷׷׳֣춯أÿһϵĶǿߣʱ˿̶䶷Ϊ֮
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䶷ڣ˶Ϊ˸пжǼΪ˷ܵģϾ߲ĳͻƽʱܹ
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˾ʵĳ棬ûԸ
ڲԶʮλΧסԼ㱻ΧҲ˿żյĳˮ
붯Ͻ㣬Ǽ̫Щ
۾ųУ˿ûΪݺĵɫǶԺݺǳģӵýЩ벻ͨˡ
Ҫ֪ݺΪλףٵĿ׾ǿߣκһܹ俹⣬˵֣
ǡץס𣿡
ݺۿ˳ԼϮһ˸Ƕ˾ֶΣɿЦţȻѪɫӰƮȻȻں׵ɢˣ
ɢˣݺ˵ӰȻ˲䳹ʧһϢû¡
Ķȥˣ
׵ɫͬʱ仯뵽ʼʱ򣬺ݺûӰǣȻߡ
ǲԼǺһ㣬Ǿǣݺλ׵ľ磬ȷ޷ĸԿǺݺרעأ
ĸһҲһܹץݺ
ҵġ
Уһǿ˲仯Ա壬˲ҫ䶷УȻʩչһмǿ̽ͨ
źݺ䶷ڣϾռ䶼û˿뿪ƴʦȴܹƽǿ߲µĿռҲܹ˲͸о
ڿռûжôݺȻ䶷С
ȻݺܺСģһСý飬ҲӸǰѪɫ׹ӣͳ׺ޱı¶
˵Ǵˣһ۾εߣ׽Ѫɫ׹ӻٵĻݺС飬ɷǳصĴˡ
ԣݺܶС磬Ҳ뿪䶷ֻҪǿϸ϶ܹݺҳ
ʱ˿̣ݺ˾Ǵʧһϰûκһ֪ݺʲôطġ
ǿʩչ̽ͨ䶷ȴҲûܷκοԲĵطѾȫʧ˺ݺټҪʵ̫ˣ
һʱܿȥ˶Ѱźݺټȴʼ޷ҵӰ
ڣһθı䣬ѪӺһЦֻһȺѪɫ׵ǿߣȻ䶷ⴳ˽
һΣЩǿߴƣȷŽƸǿᣬҾиǿѹԣ
һȺǿѪɫףÿһ϶ױȵŨɱһɱϢ˲ͳ䶷
Ϊ׵һƮӰ֮⣬Ѫɫޣֻǵ۾εģûؾĴڡ
ȻˣһȺ˵ƣҲȽ˼һҪŨֹ
ɱϢѪȻ
Ϊ֮ˣúݺѾõı磬Ѫ䣬ǴսϹĵ۾ͳ죬ߴ׵磬ʵսƴʦܹƴһƴ
Ѫڴˣ˭ٷ
Ѫ֣Ʈ죬ȻѪɱȴһƮƮĸо൱˧һͷ췢Ʈֻ˫Ŀһɣֱӽס
Щȫźݺǿǣʱ˿̶ʱһҶѪ䣬ȻѪˣλѪһǿ߰Ҫ˵ѪѪһʵ֧֮һΪ
ݺˣѪ˵Ҳʧһ֮㣬ʵ̫ܵӰ죬ѪˣѪʵ뽵ɣ
ɴ˿ɼѪʵǶôǿᣬѪ壬Ѫݵλ޽ӽڰϵİƴʦġ


1120 ֵ
ƴʦߵһԣʱѪ֣۾µͦȤӡ
Ѫ䣬˼ڸϹˣȵʱٳ֣ǽ֮˽ˣ
ƴʦ뵽˷ͺݺ˵Ǿ仰Ե˵ͷӲ²ⲻȻڵˣûµȻڵѪ䡣
ͺݺĴУ˵Ǻݺı磬ȻΪѪһ幫ݺıкܶģƴʦȻܹȷһ
ڼѪ䣬ƴʦûҪټˣΪȻѪ֣ôе˵Ѿƫ˺ݺߡ
ɱϣɱϹŶ֮⣬˭ѪǰϼһȻǲΪСģҪȻûط飡
ȤȤСӣԸðΣգϰΪʦй
ƴʦ뵽һЦתȥʧ䶷˵УȻ䶷˿ռ䣬ڰƴʦ˵տռֶμûκõģֻҪ룬ʱ뿪
ոյѪǿߣѪ䣬ҲѪӺѪı磬ȻҲ䶷ΧĿռգֱӾʹ˽ʵȽĴܼǿ̫̫ˡ
ѪˣǼѹԵȫ䶷е߶ˣ廹壬ûһ˻뵽Ѫ
Ѫ˭˲֪
սϣѪһһĳǿߣնɱһͷһͷʵǿ壬رڶԸսϣѪһ֮ɱʮףս
һսñʧأͬʱҲѪ廹彮УѪԶǴģ˵ߵһӢۼ
Ѫ֣˼סˣһʱ䶷жһƬž֮£ЩǿߵȻҲȫͣͷĶ
˵һʱҲݺҵҲÿһѪͻǲǸҪ
֮ǰǺͺݺСԽ˲Ÿҷһ£ڣѪˣٸѰ·
ܼһӾͺˡ
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ɲǺҲǺݺȻ֪ѪڼϢ֪սʼ֮ǰͺݺѾ֪ͨѪϹˡ
ͨʱӡǴ󣬸ϹȻҪôɱǾѪǺӷǳԶϢѪ䶼һʱ䣬Ѫͣĸֻʱ䡣
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ܼҺܲԸĴӭȥ֮ԳƺΪˡΪѪսĵ۾ͳ죬Ҫ˵彮ڣĸʵǿ
Բǵһĳһ壬սţ
սţ彮ǿһޣսս赲彮Ľҳؿ彮
һȺˣΪǿһ
Ѫǵ۾ͳ죬սУҲǰеĹְˣܼѪǰ˵ʲô㲻ϵġ
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ȻѪͰƴʦȻһСξ룬ƴʦϾҪɾֻһƿˣѪ仹˺üء
ˣѪҲ㹻ɱĵطĵܵܺˡ
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ѪƮǰһڱǽĴܼҡ
ܼɫͺˣʱ˿̲òʵʵش𣺡Ѫˣʵ֮°ǽֻҪѰһɱǽ̫ӵ꣬Ѫһ޹ذ
ҿ˵ҵܵܵĽֵܡ
Ѫ۾ǴܼҵȻҵܵܵĽֵܣǱѪĽֵܣҪ֣Ƕҳ֣𣿡
⡭
ܼҵɴ۾û뵽Ѫ侹ȻֱȥάСӣ
ֵܣ
ϹʸѪֵܵǿߣв٣ܼҾãҲֲɽСӰ
ɽɱ˽̫ӣ⻹ýܼΪԾģɼɽʵȷףҪѪֵܣδ⻹ǲ̫ʸ񡭡
Ȼڲ۽ֵܵʸ⣬ǣѪѾȷıʾɽ
ЩǿҪôߣҪôͺѪӲյףȻѪӲգɣ
УҲҳһǿֵסѪǿҪ֪ǽĶǿߣɱ嶼Ȳϵģ˵ͶӵһǺӵѪһˡ
Ѫˣ顭
ܼҲ̫ľˣȡһ£öԷųģôҪһ¿ûϣ
Ҫ̫ӵĳ𱨲ˣȥضܵ𷣡
ʲôʲô𣿡
Ѫȴǲ˵ֱ꣬üͷ˵ĺˣڸϽߣõҸı⣬һ߲ˣ
⻰£ԭѪЩ۾εѪɫߣʱһɢ䶷Χ
ѪϢ䶷䶷ϰ˶ʱоһĽ٣ƺֻҪǶһ£ͻп籩Ĺ٣˺ɷ顣
ָоǷǳֵġ
Ϊ䶷ڲؾǿߣλסλףȺеĴ׶м
˭ʱ˿̶ܵһֲɱɱԴͷȻڵ䶷Ѫ䣡
ѪһɢɱͨЩ۾ǿߵɢ˲䴫ȫǽܼңҲ˵һ
ãǴֻܼܼΪĳǣǱ㲻Ѫˡ
Ǳ
Ĵܼңʮ¶ûôˣѪ䣬սϹǿߣжƢҲñš
ʵϣѪûʱܼޱȣݺҶȴһӣѪǰֻܹϵıȥ
ǻ㻹ߵĻͱҲˡ
ѪɫüΪɭ䣬·һ̱Ҫɱһ㣬ݵλ˵ɱɱҲ㲻ʲôսڱ˭Ҷ
˭Ѫ䣬ǺΪУ
ѪݺȨɱϵȷһˣɱ峤֮⣬ûʸƽȶԻ峤϶ǲʱֵġ
ȺˣǴܼҵĴ£ֻܻ뿪ǿɲҵѪߣҪȻʱѪʹɱ֣Ǻڶ
ϾսϹǿһ㶼ɱȽأһԲϾͶɱ˵Ĵڣ˲ðա
˵ʵЩѾ׼Ժݺ֣Ѫȴδ׷ѾܸˣҪĻѪЩеκһ뿪
ˣɡ
һ֮ܵѪ΢΢Цţ䶷ĳ˹ȥȻڸݺ˵ء


1121 䶨
ѭѪȥŷԭݺӰδʧֻǲ䶷ϰ֮䣬Ҹͷһ¡
ݺֶͨΣΪɵģֻҪڸסԼϢٻûΪһ˵ӣȺУǽϼ궼Ҳ㱻ҵҲѸٻûӣٴβ䣡
ͬʱݺΪĵطǣ䱾ǿط֮йأطѪһĲ֮أܹ޶ȵǿ֮Լݱ˱øɣͬʱñݵԼϢ
طѪ˵൱ؼģѪһܹһԭΪӵһط
߸֪Ϣķ޷Ǿ֣һۣ˵ַȽϵͶˣô˵õķ֮һ
ڶ־ͨʶ֪İӰ֮ۡƿصȵȣʶ֪̽ķΧ
־ˣʶ֪۶޷ʵϢȡʱ߱ᶯ֮ĿϢݡ
֮£򵥵ķҲֱӵķҪʲôʱһۿȥܹȡϢˣַԻǺܸߣҪڵ۾ϣ˭ûе۷ֶΣ
δר۷֮Ķ䶷ϣӾƭĽħḶ́ûκ˷֡
ʶݱ֮߸֪Ϣԡ
ʶ֪õģصǿԶҿ׼ȷȫ棬İӰֻۣ֮Ҫ߶ܿڵһо󣬳ڿԻ˹ĳЩϢĻ֪̽һЩƫ
ľƿؾ͵طҿǿԼʶ֪ǿȣսзǳʵá
֮£Ѫһǿ֮طľƿЩƣڵĺݺֻҪʶϢ֮ٻӣͲҵõˡ
ȻΪֶ̽ΣʵȴõٵģϾҪʱģᱩ¶ԼݵϢһСľʹݾˡ
ָ֪磬̽Ϣ;ᣬΪͨĻʶ֪ˣⷽ棬Կ˵ǳͬľߣܹȼģұ彮򣬶Ҳ
Ȼʶ֪ȻԽԽǿֻ˵ͬǰéⷽѾˡ
Ѫ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬺ݺֱӴ˶ˣ䶷ȥͬʱ仯ԼģɫٻӰ䶷о˵Ŀ⡣
һߺҲ˹ѪԱߺٺһЦñüʱңҪϽ»ᱻɵҲ˵أ
ȥ㣬Żᱻɵء
ݺһŽ߷ɡ
Ȼ³䶷УӺݺؿڵѪɫ׹б˳

ѪӢ̬棬治Ǹͳ죬ߵȻԳȥȡ
Ѫ̧̧֣һΧԼ˿

˵ͷһѪ䣬ܵѪӵϢɱΪ⣬û뵽Ѫ侹Ȼǲںӣһεģ
ͺݺ˵ˣ츳һϵʥŮйϵ
֣Ѫ۾ϴμ֮ǰʱֻǸλףһ֪꣬ʵˣͣǺݺҲ˶١
Ǻǡ
ݺ⻰ЩˣѪ
ȻݺҲ˵ʲôԽΣոսʱһˡ
һģһ䶷ʱӡǴ׼뿪ϾﲻԼĵ̣Щ뿪Ƚ׵˵ɱɳʲôһǿߣ鷳ɾͲˡ
̫ӵսһ粨ȫȥˣնɱ̫Ӹգһ粨ʧΪأ̫ӻӣʲôûõ
˵ףȫ̫һҵģʱѪɳսԨͻ壬ͱ̫Ӷϣż֮Ҫս
һжԳδƹԷһ鴫ȥĻԻýһµ
ʱ̫Ӿûд￪ȥʱһֱͽоɱ᣿
Ѫɳе飬϶һ£ȻһһɱǺеĵλӹ̣аһ
Ѫ壬Ҳõõʲô棬ɱȻȥˣѪõܶ棬ǺɱҲûʲôϵϾѪ岻ռǵǺӣҪ֪Ѫ屾ӵһѪǺӵģ彮ǲһӵһϵǺģԴɱȫԷġ

粨ƽϢ
ͺݺԼѪˣһ˸ʱӡǴϿнǧҵǮˣʱӡǴȻǸˡ
ʱǰǺӣˣ
Ȼ֮ǰȻҪ˸
ֻϧ֮ǰ̫ӿ˵˸һڵģôһ֣Ǳǽˡ
Щϧӡ
㲻˵˵ҸովǽǮߣ
Ѫһʱֳһûڵɫܼӣһ鶼˵㣡
ң
ʱŭˣһ͹װƣпһۣһ˵أֱӰǷˣ
Ŷ𣿡
Ѫһʱ˸ȻǾûˣ߰߰ɣǸûȥһҶѣûʲô˵ģȥս׬ˣ

Ƥ֮Ѿû취˵ʲôˡ
̫ӾʱӦǶһ̫Ʒɣ
ݺںȻһʵ
Ѫǰͷͺݺں棬Ѫ۾ǿߣǷֱ棬ܹϰˣÿһսľӢ
򵥵˵Щ۾ǿߣÿһеɱһͷͬԨڻ壬̫⵹û취֤ˣԿȺ۾ǿսܵĥԶԶǽ̫ӡ
һҸоû̫ô׼ˡ
˵ͷ˵
һûʲôģϾݺ֮ǰֱӰСӻ˫ϵ˵ǱȽܵˣֵöԷΡ
̫ƷѰս̫һҪԼûˣһҪǵã̫ƷϲУҪ·ӲȲϺһЩ޾ս
ݺһ˵
ãл
˵ͷݺѵȻõģ̫ƷԷ棬ȷǺҪ


1122 
õǼ̫ƷԺݺݵȻģ͵Ŀĵصˡ
ȥȥĶҪǻȥѪǺ棿
ݺЦŶ롣
ˣҴȥһѵԼǺӣǰˡ
ҡҡͷ˵Ѿ˲ʱˣȥǺ磬һҪȶһһҪʥ۲һѪʥ۾ǲǰѪ
ȻȶĻݺȥѪǺӵȻҲǿԵõģѪǱߣûвʥѪĹߡ
ÿһ壬Ѫرģһ޶ģ۱ȽƵ壬໥֮ѪҲźܴĲ졣
ǺӣǱƺ΢ЩңҪȥǱߵĻɵСһЩˡ
ǰͷĵ۾ͳѪԣЩĻͷ˵
ң
üͷ΢壬⵹û뵽ҪжҵĻҲرˡ
ɣҺܵһȥͺˣһ·ҿչ
ݺ۾Щ˵
УϽֻҪлϾʥŮɣ
ǰĺӵ˵֣ûʲôˣȫ浹ǲҪˣֻǡ»Щ鷳
ʲô鷳
ݺʡ
һһŮһߣǲǹйŮ˵ʲô鷳
˵
ŲҴ㣿
ݺüͷһʱһɱɢųúҲҶ˵һˡ
һѪ俴ŹЦĺ򣺡СܰЩϽʰúܲҰԼҲԹñˣ

⻰ˣȴҲҶ˵ʲô

˵ʱӡǴУҺ󣬾׼뿪ɱˡ
ɱǵʱǴǺӹżз²ŵģ뿪ɱǣȴǿͨʱӡǴ˲䴩Ǻӵľ룬ǲࡣ
ϽǧöңҪʹʱӡǴ˵Сһοݺһ𣬸ҪԼǮ
ǣǾͻȥˣԼ·Сģ֪ͨǣᾡϵġ
ʱӡǴϣѪͺһȥ֮ǰѪԺݺ˵ţȻͻ˻ֱ֣ӴʱӡǴʧˡ
ǸϻѪǺȥˣݺ˲ͬ·
ʱӡǴ䴫;Ҳм޵ģһԴ͵ǺӣҪǺӵȥת
û뵽ݺԼһ𣬵ǾҪܾҲû취ݺһλ׾ĳǿߣҪǸҷԣֱӱһˡ
һ·;иŮ飬Ҳǲ飬ҲûʲôҪźݺġ
Ŀ꣬ǣ
ͺݺһںݺһ֮󣬱̤뵽ʱӡǴУ
˵ʱӡǴĿʱƵģںݺѪѪĹ˵ȻһȨģרΪǿˣҲ͸մǵĹ⣬ûʱӡǴ󸽽ȴãֱӾͳϴ͹ȥˡ
ɱǣǣǺӵĴ֮һ
ɱǱɱƹܣнҲƹǺеĴ֮һǣɱǡǲͬ
ϣȨһ֯֯Ÿָ壬ֱ޵á
ϣ彮еģӵĵط
κ壬ֻҪ壬϶õӦеأȻس̶ȻʵӦġ
ʵԽǿԽܹõ˵أﶼϣطһЩأһеһУȫʵ˵
ޣûк̨ûбֻҪӵ㹻ǿʵҲԼ뵽ͳߵĽײ㡣
Ȼɱǡϣôʵǿ󶼲ܳΪͳߣЩϣͳԶɱ塢ĳԱȨǾԲܷŸ޵ġ
һ˵ûк̨ûб˵ϷչȫϷչҪõöˣٺܶ෽涼Ҫƽܶ࣬ûʲôȨ壬һжʵ˵Ѿƽˡ
ɱϴ͵ǣ߳ʱӡǴ֮ͺݺһӾ͸оطյĲͬ
ǣǺ򣬱ɱǡǶҪϲ٣ܶ壬طܹġ⣬ڿǺӵȦɱӦġ
ݺȻǵһˣ彮УǺ彮һǺӣٹȥ彮ˡɱǣǺ彮򣬶ǣǺо彮Զһ򣬴ϣԴ͵ʮ彮ǺӣĽأ
ģ岻ٰ
ݺĳУеĽֵϣһȥȽ壬δΣֱ䱾ж
磬ЩޣֱڿȻУЩޣֱڽֵϰԵУȻȻǻεģ˵һϰԵˡ
⻹Դڵһ֮ʡ
Ϲʱ֮ͳ壬һ𣬹ͬˡ塱Ⱥ
ΪˣܹĴռһϯ֮أͬǰΪս嵽ˡ
֮ͳһ壬Ȼ֣һ彮򣬿ν͵ʱ
ԴϿʼ֮ʸоܹ壬ʵ̫ԹˣرЩشʱԵرҡ
ԣ֮ʱͷûΣΣͳһ׼̬Ҵһ׼ΪձĻû似
׻û似ÿһͷһҪѧϰֻܹûΪ࣬ڣܶĺճѾԶлû似ˣܶһΪ˱ܡ
Ϊˣڵܹͳһչľ
֮ʵĴ棬嶼׹ˣ˲֪ٱ飬ûΣ˵ϰˡ
ǣ֮󣬻ط壬ϼ뵽嵱УЩһֱ˵ޣûлûϰߡ
ⲿֵޣص壬ΪһԱҲû̫ϰ߻ûΣԱжӶ࣬ޣںܶطܻӭҲֻĵطܹ˽ܡ
̤ǵأһӾ͸ܵ˺֮ǰɱϽȻͬĻ
΢һ£͸뿪ˣҵȥûҪϣԼƷʱȽϸߵĴ֮
һ̲סҪһԼ磬ȻǼõġ
һȥɡ
ݺû£һеȥ


1123 ߲ʾ
ϵгУܶӣȴңϾطǺӵĴ֮һͳ߹ĻǺܲġ
ͺݺһеſڣûнȥѾȺһ顣
׻ʥĹᱻˣ˵Ϳȥǲȥ˵׻ʥǰһǿʦĹ֮У϶кܶöɣ
Ȼ˵׻ʥĹУ֮ϣпȷǣĹп϶߲ʾ۵ģ
߲ʾۣǷǳϰкܶ񼶵ҩҪõϡ
ɲ׻ʥĹ磬ǳ߲ʾ۵ĵطֻϧ٣õġ
ڣһ߲ʾ۵ļ۸ҲѾң򲻵׻ʥĹ磬ڿǱ׻ΰѳŵġ
׻ʥĹУһ߲ʾۣǷˣһбȥ
һ·ͺݺ˺ۣ̲ܶסЩĶˡ
ԭ߲ʾۣҪõĸϣϲʺʯһƳɰ˼Ѫħееʥ쵤
ֵҩĲϷǳĸӣҪѣرеĸϣ߲ʾۣ彮󣬲彮ǼҲġ
Χе֪߲ʾ۾Ȼֵңڵ˵ģ˵нǧңǲ̫Զ̫Զˡ
Ҫư˼Ѫħееʥ쵤еκһöҪһ߲ʾۣҪֵ˰ҡ
еǸ׻ʥĹ֮УǻĴ߲ʾۣܹõһЩĻɿʡºܶ
߲ʾĶǴ˵Ĵڡ
ݺЩпҵݣŪ߲ʾƳν񼶵ҩ׻ʥĹᣬƺЩͷȻܵ㼱ȥǺӣǻ˰ɡ
ȥǺӵǲż߲ʾȴǼΪѵõģҸպÿһЩⵤҩϣöʺʯÿһöʺʯ߲ʾ۽ƳһöǿҩӦþ˵񼶵ҩ˰ɡ
ȴҡҡͷԺݺ˵Ȼ׻ʥĹҲǷǳȤġ
׻ʥһǧǰ׻һǿĴףҲһǧǰ׻峤Ǻӣɱǡǡ֮⣬һͽ׻塣
Ȼ׻ĴڻѾʷˣڵ׻壬㲻ǺӵĴ壬û䵽һ̶ȣҲͿÿʮܹһ߲ʾۣܹάûг˥ȥ
׻壬ʷǿսʿ⹱ףڱŵģҲûʲôȥ߲ʾ۲ص⡣
׻ʥʱ׻廹ǺĴ֮һ׻ʥ֮׻Ϳʼ˥ǣ˵׻ʥսϣһͷǿĻɱȻսŽ䶪ʧʬͻҪᡣ
ֻϧĹкǺӱûûܹ뵽ĹУͬͬе׻ǿߣǺӱгɥ
ǺӱǴһȻֺһǿγɵķ籩ǺӱУǴײεĴڣܴ
ǧ֮ǣպþ׻ĹڻĹǺӱתƵطȥˡ
ܵܣ㾹Ȼвʺʯö
ݺĻʱһҪ֪ʺʯǱ߲ʾ۸ˣЩʯԶʱһЩǿĻʯ֮ΪŲ
˵߲ʾۻֵĻôʺʯ޼֮Ҫ˵ڣѼ۸ǧڣҲԻдѴ˹
ǲֵ̫ӵöʺʯȴ˿ûʶԼϾжٲƸ
Ȼģôˣ

Ķģⶫ˵ǰѾˣÿһöóֵ㾹Ȼö⣬⣡
ݺֱţһԼȫûаСӿ͸ء
ҲûʲôǾŲѡ
ʵʵ˵ˣźݺǲЩʺʯʲô̰ģοݺ֪ӵоĽ飬Ҳ֪ʺʯˡ
治Ҷе㿪ʼˣ
ݺ´ȻһŽȥȻ˲ʺʯ׻ʥĹǱҪȥһ˵ˣȻҲ̫˷ˣöʺʯ߲ʾ۵ĻƳö񼶵ҩÿһöܹ̥ǣ
Ȼȥ׻ʥĹ֮ǰǵڽйһЩһЩ׼ĹɲǺģǱǺӱݲйĹᣬʲôȫԤϡ
ݺҲǺܾ̽վģ̽żľԱҪḻö࣬Ҫ֪ǰ̽ĶǾĽеżپǺӹżеһЩĹżû˾̽һеǿĹᣡ
ǰ׻ʥĹľԷǳ࣬ҲǳңԴȻ׼ģкݺһҪȻûʲôȥ˻ˮ
Ҫּ֪Ĺż϶׾ǿ߶죬֪жôҡ
ǰ׻ʥĹ֮ǰȻҪȫ׼ݺҺһж
ҪɹĶҪľһЩ˵ҩѾħ֮طҪ׼һЩ˵ҩӦͬĹỷ
ֿþĵҩֿĵĵҩֿĵĵҩȵȵҩȫһǻ˺ݺһǧңÿһöҩǶĵҩ֤ĹżκܹõӦԡ
Ҳ׼һĵҩ
Ȼħ֮ģѸһ˾֮壬ԻþȵȱкǿĵֿȻʵǲǵ۾ĲΣĹż㵽һп¶ҵ
ЩҩĲɹݺо飬۸ָƣգǧҵļ۸ܹɹĵҩһãһ׸һױá
֮⣬ҪһЩߣ̵̽ȵȣ̿Էǿߵʶ֪̽൱˵һؾƿصЧ
̣֪̽̽ĹżֵطЧ϶൱
һ½ед֮
̫߶˵Ĵ֮ƾϵǧҸֻ鿴һ񼶵Ĵ֮ϣܹɹһЩԼͻƵǵ۾ľ硣


1124 Ǻӱ
׻ʥ׻Ϊһ죬ѾǧǰˣԴ׻ʥսɱ־Ը׻û
׻ǿΪ׻ǣǲԶ׻ǺӵĴǺ֮һȴǸȡˡ
ͺݺ׼֮󣬾ʹϣͨʱӡǴϣͨӰ֮飬һΪѰĻ꣬ΰС˿޷ϵԭȥ
ݺȻҲǻûһÿɰŮȫû䣬һѪɫĳȹԵЩġ
׻ǣ㾲ĵȴ׻ʥĹĿڼ䣬ȻŬ򵽵Щ֮ϣܹڽ׻ʥĹ֮ǰ̤뵽ǵ۾ľ硣
ǧöңǵĽȫˣ˲񼶵Ĵ֮
֮ǰѪɳУõĽƷĴ֮ֵҲҶһ㡣
ǧңöһƷĴ֮ÿһö̺֮Ĵ֮֮ǰԴʯ⼶ʮ
֮ǷǳĶĽУǧңҲôö֮ˣ˾Ҳõ
׻ʥĹῪʣʱ䣬׻Ѿкܶڼᣬʮˡ
ΪǺԭĴ֮һ죬׻ʥĹǳ޴ռеĺüдĹĿռ䡣
ǧǰĹոսɵʱ򣬾ǺӱϮŰһжΪ˻֮ء
Ǻӱ˰ǰԶĹᣬ׻ʥĹɵĴˣȴһֱ
֮Ǻӱ׻ʥĹΧµУҪʧҲ˽뵽׻ʥĹõ
Ȼʱ˿̽׻ʥĹᣬǷǳΣյģΪĹżڲ϶ǺӱУҪȫõĹıأûô򵥡
˵һ̤뵽׻ʥĹУܹųĿ´ﲻһ룬ܹвջģûʮ֮һ
׻ʥĹУ֮ǺӱУɢصҩϡսȵȣ϶ǵǣҪõ϶ҲҪױȵľĲУҪͻᱻĹеиɵ
ʱ䣬͸ݺһס׻ϵһͨԺУһֱȥĻӵҲУϧֻܳ죬ҪнżҵĹż̽ˡ
ö֮ֱӿʼеĴ֮Լĵ֮ͨҲǰӰ֮飡
Ӱ֮飬ĵͨҲһ߼ͨЧѾڶ֮սб֤ɱ֮һ
Ψһȱʵ̫ˣҪﵽ롢зȫ޵еֻ̬ܹά̵ֺܶʱ䡣
ðӰ֮ģֶֹεʱǴ޵е״̬ͨǿĵطˣαװһ꣬ҲǶ˰Ӱ֮ͨ
Ӱ֮ͨΪ۵ͨʲôЧ
ȫ޷⣬ͨǺݺڻǺеܣκ˵ͨĲԭȵȣȻ֪̽ġ
һö֮
ö֮
ö֮
ܹöĴ֮׽еĴ֮ոɾȻ˵֮ͨϣҪͻƳΪ۵ͨ
ֻϧöһƷĴ֮޷ͻƣջôһƿһöԴʯܹͻˡ
ȴѾûӵд֮ıûңҪȥݺ裬ǵûҪġ
οݺ֮죬ر𿴺ãӦ΢ͣһ²źãԿ²ȥ֮
ⷽ治ӣ򵥵޷Ǿطˡ
ľƿطѾ˵ڰأҪһûôףƿǳԿҪ亣ʹ֮߶ȱȻǲͻˡ
֮ڴﵽ˵أֻҪһЩܹ˳ˣڣȻӵоĽ磬ȴþĽе
һĽеǰϣĩҲͽˣȥƤʺݺСһˡ
һΪ׼һռ䣬еӦ㹻һطˣȴûˣԼС磬ٶҲ޵ģԽ٣ܹеõʵԽ͡
ݺ˵
һЩǲ⣬϶̫࣬ȻĻӰ쵽ʵ˵ǵòʧ
ܹܵ޶ڣ׼㹻պÿľ֮طӵأ
ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˣ㹻£طٶȾԳԽκˡ
ʱȥǵ۾ֻһǽ֮˵أۺʵһ˲٣
ڵٴͷ壬Ϲ⿿֮壬ܹѹƵˣսô֮طƺרſƵľǻྫȽǿĴڡ
ӺݺСгȴԼѾ׻ˣѾ׻ǸһƬ֮С
ƬǺӵһ֣ϰٿ򣬵ȴΪ֮ԴȽƫԶЩ޷ʹ֮Ϊ˲űѡΪ׻ʥĹڵء
Ȼôˣ
ӺݺСгͼΧоȻߣɢҰΧڣһͷ
׻ʥĹżͿҪˣʵڴ֮ǰѾвҪȥˣϾһпܵõöϧЩһ⣬ȫ׻ʥĹԵͱʣµһЩǺӱиɱˡ
ݺҡҡͷ˵
Щ˾ļʱľļˣҪȱһпܵĽڱ֮ǰ
Ǻӱɲ˵ģͺԭеĻɽȵһұЩѸӿ¡
ЩѣôߺˣǺӱǰʲôڣֻҪǺӱһֻ·һǴ׾Ĵڶһ
ǺӱҲֻε۷ǿߣǿԴˣ޷̫ͣʱ䡣
Ȼ񾳽Ĵڣһ𣬶ֻôָļˣɼǺӱߵجΣ
˵ͷȻʼ۲ǰϸ


1125 ʥĹ
׻ʥĹᣬΧǳ򣬾;Գ֮ǰǺӹżУһƬŴżԶðӰ֮۶޷̽⵽価ͷ˺Զľ롣
ϰ˾ۼ׻ʥĹԱߣ׼ǺӱĲжɢˣͳĹ֮һӵ롣
׻ʥĹᣬ˷Խ룬ûй涨ڣ֮󣬻ǻǺӱУһСľͻᱻɻ𣬶طǼΪΣյġ
˶ԤееΣգѾкܶĹ֮֯رǺܶ嶼ҪļһЩ̽Ƚǿ߼ԼŶӡ
ݺ̽⵽Ǻӱ𣿡
Ȼ۾Ժݺһ䡣
ܣܲ
ݺҡҡͷʾԼһ㣬һĻ׻ʥĹ൱ڿԺˣʲôǺӱеΣա
ҵǿԸоһ㣬ǿԳǰ룿
ȫ߶ƿأȻоһһεУֲǰ׻ʥĹᵱУ岼ʤֲȫȡ
ƿأЩǺӱУȻ֪ñȺݺҪ
ʵϣݺȫܲҲֻܹܵһ˿кۼˣ࣬Ѿر𣬼;׻ʥĹе
ܸܵ
Ļݺʱһû뵽̽ôǿҪ֪Ǳô簡
ҴӾ۵ĴУõһطΪƿأܹǿߵʶ̽
Ц˵ݺ֪ܶˣ˵ҲûʲôҾƿطܴڸݺĻǽȥ׻ʥĹһУҲᰲȫܶࡣ
ƿأ
ݺԣʱǰܵܣ㻹ýԾôط㶼ˣֲۺʵôǿУȻ֪ˣǽҲһ²У֪ܵܿϲϴڸ㣿
ԳΪ㡱Ȼûа취Եģֻǵ˵ͷǵȻû⣬ʵʵ˵봫ڸ㣬ʥĹаȫԽܶࡣ
ɵõȽһˣʥĹἴǵҲڽȥҿȽطأٽȥӦûᰲȫܶࡣ
ݺ۾ЦȻط̫󣬽Ҳģ֮Ҫʲô㶼ԳԸŪ
Ҫʲôԣ
Щ죬̲סɨһ˵ġ
С
ݺҲܻ䣬Ц˵ѪУвԴģΪƿصط˵ֻδҲû˵ʵΪطѾʧءطֵǧңԹҶ֪ôرˡ
ţЦ
˰֣Ц˵رȴĹ˵ɣ˵ǶĹء
пޡ
ݺЦţʱҲһǰиСһţҲˡ
ԣʱһڣ˵ôۣ˾ͦɵģʲôⶼҪܻ䡣
ͰѾƿصطӵһصھȫڸ˺ݺ
һطǴӾϵģǿԽ䴫ڳȥǾ֮ħ֮Уʹ⴫ˡ
Ͼط̫⣬ЧҲ˵һȥпܱݳϢǳ
õ˾ƿصط֮󣬺ݺĵĽӸǰѪɫ׹ӽȻԼԼСУ׼
ͬӵеľĽ磬ݺСΪ㣬Ȼʱ̫Ļʵ½һ㣬ǿ̽϶ɹƿرȽҪ
Ѫɫ׹ӳУȻΪĴȺУ˵Ⱥʵϰ˶ɢڲͬҲǺܶ˾ۼ
ʥĹ֮УֻҪͬһðģϲ῿ʮڣ˵ᣬ˶̽ĹģûҪĹῪ֮ǰͺͱ˷ͻ
ҲżʥĹôĵĵطô챻ҵģΧǺӱڶߣĶ˵Ҳûʲô̫ûбҪȥϰǶ۰
ǲ֪ݺصľƿҪãֻҪʥĹ֮УЩǺӱеĸ֪̽ӦûҸǿһЩ
ţĲû˿ż
νʥĹῪʵûһر׼ȷʱ䣬˶˵׻ʥĹΧǺӱĲϾҪɢˣԲŹߵţҹԤƵɢʱ֮С
ԣʼϵһЩ˽гԣٴ׾ǿߣ̽ⷽ߱ǿˮƽӦҲܹԲоԿʼĹ֮зɽȥܿʹ˵ʧˡ
д׾ǿߴͷûʲô⣬ȻҲʹˣĹпܴڵ߲ʾۣûʲôģǵĿĹΧߣԴս
ĿĵߣȻԸñȣȻҪ紳Ĺ֮еġ
ΧһȺһȺǰ̵Ľ뵽ʥĹ֮Ул΢ЩżģҪĶĵȽȥЩ׾ǿߡ
Щǿߣܸ̽ܿǿһĹᣬʹռȻܿһ߲ʾ۸ȡˡ
ȻżҲûãЩ׾ǿһ룬ٶҲ϶Էģż׼Ⱥݺƿص֮һ룬ܹ޶ȵıܿΣա
ȴţܿͷ֣˽ĹĹУ˴ĹгȺ˿ǵõһЩΪ˰ȫ뿪ˣ̰ġ
һ룬һմĹһȺ۾ߣܹȥҪ
λһǧöңТλˣֻһ£Ĺͷʲô
ֱӶ䷢¸һǧö٣ֻǽһϢĻԷ϶ԸͣƬ̵ġ
۾߼óһǧöңȻͣ˽Ų֪ӦҪ̽Ĺᣬȴ̫ҽȥ
СֵǿʶˣҸ˵˵ڵʵҪϾҲô
Ϊ֮˽ӹһǧöңȻЦ˵
Ӵ˵˵У֪ܿԭЩȴʥĹߣ˽ӶΣ
ȻʥĹԵǺӱжɢˣʥĹڲСͲУ
ЩӰΣѰ˸̽ⲻһϾֱӱǴ׾ǿ߶⣡


1126 Ĺ
ǺӱΪµȻ֮һСУƻҲǼǿ
ŸոôһСʱ䣬۾ߴʥĹУѾúüؾεǿߣں׼±ɣ˲䱻˺ɷ飬յС
Ӷ¹ʣ۾߾̫ΣգǾͻͷ˳뿪Ĺᡣ
ڰմһջûУպһǧöҲеѺ·ˡ
Ѿǲλ׶бСɣҿЩ۾СආǱŽȥˣжٱվСҪ
Ϊ׵ĵ۾߶Ц˵ҲȰҪȥˡ
ڶԷУڲǸǵ۾ĻСӣʵ߸ȲϵģĹ֮Уֻ·һԲųѡ
˵ͷлλ档
ʵ϶˵ܹԼ̽⵽Ǻӱдڵ£л治ôΣգοкݺ˾ƿһȥ
ǰ˵ѣЩģ彮УЩĳ˴ڵģ޶ɱ
˼ƺû̫ǵѷϣҲûжᣬ˵ֻǸͣ㽲һʥĹеܹõһǧöң൱Ļرˡ
֮ôǾȫǵˣʥĹҲûҪΣٸѵǶѾˡ
Խһ֮˱תԶ뿪ȥǲ˻ˮˣȻʥĹбＫ࣬ҲȥòС
ھߣ޷ǾǾȥ̽׻ʥĹᣬͷղȣˡ
뿪֮ȥּ˴ʥĹгԴԴʥĹ˵뿪Ҫٵöˣֻܵʮ֮һһЩ
ԽԽߣ׻ʥĹ˽ȥжܹԸԳĵõأж˳Ĵ뿪ûܹ֪ˡ
ʥĹĻҳδżյĵȴš
ʱҲǰʱһֱеѪɫ׹һâһȹٻӰƮǻ˻ÿɰŮĺݺ
ɹˣ
ʶʵ
ţطһѾҵʶ֪ǿһ˵أǿʶֱ֪̫ˣ
ݺСгأ˷ܲѣݣּطҲǺѵõģڴƷƿصطҪѪǿ֮ط߼һЩ
Ѫǿ֮طѾѪ彮򣬶ռһѪǺӣΪһ
һ壬õ˾ƿطúεǿ
ȻݺȻǲƿطڸѪ˵뷨ģУҲ϶ͬ⣬ⷽ棬ݺƷȻеġ
ΪˣŻƿطڸ
ܸܵǺӱĲ𣿡
űһ䣬ǹϵȥжȫԵҪ⡣
ˣȻǺԣֻҪ̫СĲУܹܵˣҸ֪ͦԶģƿ֮ǰֱر𣡡
ݺ۾ʩչƿطǰʥĹ̽ȥܿ췢ʥĹԵĲлѾˡ
϶ѾкܶЩĲ£ԽΧĲԽ٣ͺݺĿĹ߲ʾۣ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô̫õ顣
ǾͺãǳɣץһЩʱ䣬ټʮ׾ǿߣѾһ̤ˡ
˵
ţ׾ǿߣûƿεʶ֪طǵʶ֪ҲӦܹﵽ̽еĳ̶ȣȻû̽ôҪ֤ԼİȫӦûûģǾֵʵǿ󰡡
ݺĿ¶˷֮ɫ˵ԽսԵԽοոƿһط൱á
ܵܣɣˣƿطҲ֪ʲôܻرģȻڲżǿһ㿼ǿǣҪĻһףҿ԰Ѫطڸ㡣
ݺǰ棬ͷҲص˵ȻѪطÿ϶ǱȲƿˣǿԼһЩһ²ۡ
Ժ˵ɣҿɲƿطڸˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ðɡ
ݺֻõ˵ͷ֪شǾܾĽӣѪ֮ǿطǺܸȤ
úݺЩʧǿգΪƿط̫ǿˣ취رУҪʼվԼǷĻѹ
ݺȻǿϺܶ࣬ദʱȴûʲôңͬڽһԭ츳ۺʵˡ
֮ǰĺü飬ݺϿֻ֪ҪɳȥһܹƽƽģܹԽһϾͿԿˡ
˵ݺЩҲòϣĽԭʥŮ츳֮䶼ˡ
˲ûж˵ʲôڸʮ֮󣬳׻ʥĹнˡ
ʥĹΧΧŵϰߣѾгʮ߽Ĺ֮УĹΧʼЩ塣
ʣЩˣҪôǻ̫ҽȥҪôǽȥֳ׼뿪ˣ֮ͬǰʻ۾һ㡣
ͺݺ˵û̫ˣֱӱ̤뵽Ĺ֮УƹȽС͵ĲУ
ȻС͵ĲУһСĴĻҲǻɺܴ鷳
ǸЩзһ¼ɣԽСĲдԽССһУȻԴƣһֱżС
Ϊ˷㽻ݺһ±дСĹ涨ֻ˵Ĺ涨
һСƬĹ᷶ΧҲǷֲģĲУҲǲΣյģΪ䱬ޣֻܽһȥܹħ֮
ںݺ͸Ҫһˡ
Ƚ鷳ǣǺݺڶһе̽ⲢǷǳ׼ȷһ볬һɣͼоˣϾԽСϢԽ΢ԽԱǸ֪
Ҳ͵˽ʥĹ֮ǰٶһֱ첻һ̫ĻһеĴڣ׷⣬»˷Ѹʱ䡣


1127 
Сһ֮ϣиһЩĶУС
˵һкͶжΣգеĻһ뽫ʬ޴棬ħ֮Ҳᱻһ飬ĻᶼûС
ǺݺϾʵǿ٣ȫֵܹǰеĽɱжҲɺصˣʱڻʧȥս
һ룬˭ǳ鷳
ڶ˾ƿأԲеĸ֪̽ˣֻҪСǰüٲһͷײУǿɾͱˡ
֮ϣļС弶еȵȣһֱżУżУƻΪˣǿĴ׾ǿ߱Ҳû˿·
ڣԽĲϢԽԣԽܱͺݺԶԶĵط̽⵽Ȼߣûƾƿʶ̽ǿطôľżУҲѲ
ƿأʣͺݺ֪̽⵽ǺӱĲдڣֻǵǿʶ֪ô򵥡
׻ʥĹ֮У˵ռ˼ơ
ҪǺ߷ͻǺܺðˣֱӿȥײϲУ̽⵽ľżУѰҲ̽ⲻġ
ݺ۾Ѿ˲֮˷ͻôɾкϷˡ
ûƿص𣬶Ժݺ˵ǷǳԵģ֮ǰʶ֪Ҳ˵϶ҪǿһЩȴ˿ܲеĴڡ
˵صľƿأܹ֪̽⵽УɼطЩĵط
ţñʲô۵ļһǵǣȻɫơ
Ҳ뵽Ȥ̲֮ס۾Цƿط̽׻ʥĹ˵ʵһõĹߣ
ȻˣҲ˿ûд⣬ǼΪСĽĻʥĹǰ
㿴Ǳߡ
һ˱һʥĹһ޶飬Ǹ޶ܹʮˣȫؾĴڣٶλףлλ׾ǿޡ
ʮಽʥĹǰȻ޷ͺݺ̽⵽еĴڣȴҲԼİ취֤Լİȫ
ʮޣÿһʩչֶΣǧΧܣžһǧҡ
ǧİΧ£ʮ޻ǰУʱоǱŵĲУȻ󱻾ɱ飬Ȼʮ޾͸ıλãһǰ
˵˲˾ƿطָܹķ̽У򵥵ľ־ɨ׷
ʥĹİ˳߶飬ʹַಽǰȫԵǿԴһ̶ϵõϣȻǰٶʵǲҹά
ͺݺ˵ٶѾˣȴǱĶǰٶȿʮ
һ棬ҪάôľǱҲǳأʲôͻҪս޷ӳȫս൱Σյġ
ͺݺ˵ҪЩ˺õöˣǰٶҲǿʮĹ߲ʾ۵ĻͺݺкܴԷһġ
ܿ죬ͺݺ̤ʥĹһʱʱȥˣ˳ʥĹǰʮ룬Ѱʶ̽ȫʧЧİӰֻۣ֮ƿ̽Χһǧ֮ڵ
ʱ̽⵽ǲԶһ
üŶӣܹϰˣȫΧڲԶһУƬ֮УȻһСӡǣ
Сӡǣǧ֮ǰĹ֮бǺӱɱǿģСûǺӱҲңڳЩĶ󡣡
ݺЩп
һС磬ǧ֮ǰڣȻ봴֮϶ͿݽߣлǰһЩԴ֮ȵȡ
СӡǣҲͳ˵ܹ壬۵òɿٹһ¾Ҫˡ
ôܵܣСȤ˵СѾܲƣ˵лһЩ
ݺʵСӡǵû̫Ȥġ
۾ھĽĿߵСкǿߵСкУõ˺ܶ౦Ķö޼֮ʺʯǴеõġ
ɴ˿ɼСккпĲһЩöģôһ룬ȻŹˡ
ְɣ˵СкоЩΪĵرʥĹеĶֵǮ
˵ȻݺҲԾԾ
ţϰжûһǴ׾ǿߣǿҲʮλףһ˾Ϳ԰ˣתֱСӡǺˣ֮ǰϡ
ݺûô˼͵óսƻ
á
˵ͷֻҪСӡŪ־ͿˣЩ߲ҪǣźݺΪסЩ˵ġ
ҾЩ׷ҲûԱһСʱ仹ûʲô̫ġ
˵ֻǸСжпܴڵ߲ʾۣСкֻ˵ǿθСˡ
˲û̫׼οǱϰҲѾܵͺݺĴڣԽȥԽöԷ׼ʱҪ־ûôˡ
˳Сӡڴȥϰȫˡ
ԭСквĻϰҪη⣬ڣͺݺɹܻǵļƻ
һλףһǵ۾ôǰܸҶġҿɲǵĶٷָ˸ˡ
һλ׾ǿ߳˵ϰܹలºƽ۷䷽Ϊʵ⡣
ͺݺʵ̫ˣǸ˷ֶԿ϶Ҫ˸ߵġ
Ȼûϰ˷Ӧһ»Ůĺݺ㶯ˡ
ͨѪý磡
Ѫý磬۵ͨݺֱ̧ǿĵ۵ͨʩչ˲佫һƬȫһƬѪɫУ޾ɱϰȫڣ
ƬѪɫУѪɫĹֻǳ֣צϰϮȥ
ϰ߼ͬʱӦһʱ䳯źݺ˹ƣȻȴ֪ԼѾݺ뵽˻þУ
ǵĹȫ֮УʲôûУݺյԶЩ˻ҵĳ
ƾ谵Ӱֶ֮Σһ磬ϰ֮䴩УܿͿǸСӡǣһŻҰɫʯͷ̺ǰ֮ܵ


1128 ¶
СӡǸϰȫݺǿ۵ͨǣסһ磬ϢĿöҰɫʯͷҲǰܵСӡǡ
㹻ʱֱα𣬽ǻҰɫʯͷУȻٴλһ磬ǰߡ
ۿˣݺû̳Ѫýĵ۵ͨǵȵɵԶˣҲתֱ뿪
ϾѪǿһݺʵѰλһأѪýͨȻϰؾǿ߶ˣתҪǾȻûܹڶʱѪýĻ󳡾СӡǱֱȡߡ
ȵݺһ֮ϵʱȺϰ˲ڷӦһӾͷСӡǾȻˣ
⣬Ȼһˣ׷
ϰؾǿߵȻŭޱȣСӡǣŶ˺ܾòڵóһ䷽û̽СЩʲôȻͱˣֱǶ̺ʵ裡
ϰһʱȫŭҲûͳͺݺߵķ׷˹
ǴУͺݺһλףһǵ۾ֻҪ׷ϣضܹ¸ɵ
ȴˣӸոպݺʩչһѪýУƺʲô
ոʽеѪѪͨѵǺŮѪһĹ
֪Ѫ幫ǳӵģѵ˵ʩչ˻
ѪóոһҲǻǺŮܾܿѪˣҴɱϢǸǵ۾СӣӦɽ
Ҳ˵Ϣˣɽ̫Ӷɵˣýŭû뵽Ȼ
ϢȻܿϰ֮䴫ˣǶ׷ͷҲôˡ
Ҫ֪ŮѪ幫ĻôЩҪ׷ȥ»治ǿѪĵһŰ
ȻϰˣҪץסǾͨѪ̸ף
Ǳ׷˰ɣѪӦֻҪСӡǣҪ׷ȥ˵Ḷۡ
жùģżλ׾ǿ߷ϰջֹͣ׷ٴξۼһ
Ǳ˸СӡǾôˣ
˷߷߲ƽ
ȻܾôˣǲܶѪôϾʵȴеǱҪġ
һλ׾ǿ߳˵
һλţ˵ͷɭȻ˵Ž˺֪ɽѪǰϢųȥܱˣܹӽõһЩô
ⲻ
⻰ʱõ˴˵ͬðΣմ׻ʥĹΪʲôΪ˵õЩô
ڼȻԶԽϢô˵ȻǼõˣðʲô̫ķա
һϰؾҲ׷ˣֱӳĹ֮ⷵˡ

ͺݺҲЩ֣ϰô׷׷žͷˣҲûж롣
Ƿǵݣǵ׼׼ҪӦԽ׷ɱˡ
ݺЦһЦ˵
˵ͷȻǶģһõˣԴ˲رģΪ׻ʥĹУ鲼ǺӱĲУҪ׷ͺݺˣǲܵ顣
ĻǾ׷ˣԿ϶ǽԻýʹ
СӡǣҲ̫ˣҲ֪滹жĵط
ȡǻҰɫСʯͷǰܵϢԼԼԼ֪֮еС϶ѾٻĲˡ
ӦûһЩɣʲôûУôһСӡǣҲ̺Ų֮
ݺһ룬Ȼʲô˵ܵܣ㲻˵ǾĽܿҪСӡе֮ȹһ£˵ӻ䳹ױʱ䡣
𣿡
˵Щϲ⣬ҲСклʲôˣֻҪе֮ȷܹӻһ¾Ľž㹻ˡ
ھĽڵǸ߹ݺģϾ򲻵ѵĻϵ˶תƵݺСȥء
Ժݺ֪Ľǲ
Ȼ˻ʥĹУûΣգʱû취ȥ鿴СкоʣЩʲôҲھСӡе֮޸Ľ硣
պҰɫСʯͷ֮󣬾ͺͺݺʥĹǰ
֪̤ʥĹ֮Ѿȥʱʱ䣬ܹǰ˽ʮľ룬룬ʥĹ˵㲻ʲôҪʥĹģҲǧ·̡
ͺݺڵٶҪʥĹģٻҪʮʱС
ʱ˲δ̫飬ֻһöСӡǣӳʮʮߣǰٶȱ˶Ҫ̫ˡ
ֻЩǰʱ룬ԲŻǰ棬ٹһӣͺݺܹߵǰ档
ңԽǿʥĹڲоͻԽĶսƵСӡǡϡҩƿط֮ȵȡ
ѰĶͺݺᣬҲûټƵСӡǳ֣սҩϵȵȣΧЩͺݺ˵û̫ʡʱЩʥĹȥ
ףǰһƵս޾ġ
ͻȻһƬУһѳƯʱû˷ս޾սֻ΢Щơ
޾սǲƵģҲǼֵǣܻܲã޾սĲϣֵܸߣ
ҪײҪҲû˷ֱ֣ǰǰѳС
ʱһɭϢѳϣ̲סһ£Щϸѳ
ôҸоѳõʱ൱أֻ̫ˣ·Ӳһ޾սҲѾɢˣ޷ǿ
ݺսļǱҪǿϲ٣ϾСӴսΣӴҪ߶˵öࡣ
޸𣿡
ʵ
޸ǺˣѪһʦҲ޷ǿټһЩϵĻӦÿƳһ޾սôҪҵǿԴȥѪһ¡
ݺЦ˵
ǻͷ˵ɣһֵģҲһݣȴʥĹȥ֮ٷˡ
ͷ˵
š
ݺ˵ͷȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵȣȰⳤøҿʲôԾĵط
Ŷ
ɫҲ΢ȻɭȻĳݸ˺ݺ


1129 ڲл
ݺֽӹɭȻĳһֱ΢΢һ£ȻҲǱϵɭһ
Ȼϸѳҳл£Ȼι治ϳҪҾģ
һݺԲڸ˵ѵڸѳ˵
˹ˣҪ֪ѳƬĹƯǧ֮õģôʱ䣬ôܻʲôʶ
˫ʶսһ߱ʶҲֱûκδĿܡ
ٲֱӰսûȥ˰
ݺ˦˦еɭȻֱӿв
һиӳ֮д˳һû뵽ѳ֮оȻĴĳʶ
ֻǲ֪ʶսʶʲôʶ
ҳҳսȥ˰
һʶæģͺݺյˣʶƺһŮԣͲ֪便Ǹʲô
ʲôôⳤУȫʵĺˣǶûʲô⣬ʲô뷨ܸ˵˵ͺˡ
ݺ˶ǳ˵
˵˵ǳеʶʵĻ϶ᱻݺûȥˣһɾֻ·һˡ
ԣⳤеʶ㽫֪Ķ˵ͺݺ֪
ԭѳС׻ǧǰ׻е޾ս׻һŮӵС
Ů׻еλף͵׻ʥһЩϵݹϵԴ׻ʥĹУһμֻϧͻǺӱμȫ
ӵ׻ŮҲ⣬һصطڣǰһ̣ǷǱ뵽׻У
޾սĲʻ൱ɫģȡȻǿϣǺӱһûܽ׻׻ֻʹܵˣǰǰǿᡣ
Ů׻ԭδϵ˫Σ׻ûеʶŮ׻Уû⵽ų⡣
һǧŮ׻УʥĹеƮƣһ·ϱܿУͬʱҪ뿪Ƭֻϧڽ֮ǰʥĹᶼǱǺӱĲиΧûл뿪
ڣΧĲɢҲ뿪ĻᣬôûܳȥЩʶ׻֮г˯أ˿ûʶԼӵ뿪ĻᣬֱõȻѹ
˵һǧǰ׻Ůлꣿ
ݺԵЩˣ˵ǵĻܴǧ֮ãο꣬ŮлȴһֱڵڣͺݺŵĻܼһֱȥ
ܴڶãûܹ֪ˣͺݺҲ֪Ůǰطʲô
ѽҵֽ֪ҡ
Ůл˵ںݺƺЩɵģºݺֱӽ׻ȥˣɾͱˡ
ǰʲô磿
ݺЦһʵСĲл굹ҲͦϲģƺЩȵӣϾ챾ʥĹڿӣСѾͷȻڵ˯
λס
֪ҵĲлش˵
⻰˵Щ޵ݣһлǰλ׵ľ磬ԼҲǵ۾ʵ̫ˣ
һһǧǰ׻൱ɱ塢ǿڣλҲǲܵˡ
ѽȻˣ͸ָ·ĹƮһǧ꣬϶Ϥ˰ɣ߲ʾ
ݺֱӣŮε˳
߲ʾۣȻĹˣǺӱĲ֮⣬游Ƶ׻أҪȥǧѡ
֪ƺЩΪѵ˵
׻أҵţΪ׻ãӦ֪ƽǻذɣ
ݺʡ
ܣû϶ģѧ׻С
֪һ߸Щһ߽һˡ
΢оһ£ʱһȻ׻ƿͻط
ط׻طܹ׵ͻԵĵϳ̶ȣܹϵĻϷӳǿͬʱҲܹƽ׻أֻн׻أܹĹģҵ߲ʾۡ
֪˵
֮ǰĹƯһֱûȻҲģȴ֪ǰõ߲ʾۣͺݺ˵ȫ˵Ǽ񵽵ıˣ
߲ʾȽֻһ߲ʾۣǰ׻΢ģ˵޾ս˵ġ
ȻˣǾаնˣֻǣǲͬʱһطԡܵܣ㵽СǱҴֱȥ߲ʾۣô
ݺЦ顣
ԡ
˵ͷͬʱҲоΪ֪ҵ׻ŮǵȻֱӽ׻ˡ
ȻŮ˸ֻۣǰǣͺݺҪ֮ô϶Ͳý
ΪԼŮ֪ҵǲҲֻվҪһ֣֤ԼĴڡ
ˣĹУܹж߲ʾۣ
ݺʲôȻŮ֪ҡ
ܹ׻ϰߣ߲ʾΰˣ游׻Ȼΰ˵ġ
֪˵游ʱ򣬻Щ羴̬游Ȼ׻ʥֻĹѾ֣Ҫõصߡ
֪ҽ߲ʾ۵Ϣô׵ĸͺݺҲ˾콫߲ʾȡߣϢͲôĹᣬ游ˡ
һͻǺӱⳡ׻ʥ񳹵״ݻ٣Ҳ׻һ겻Ϊ׻ʥ֮⣬ⳡУ׻ǿҲǺӱС
ҿһЩ𣿡
Щ֮Ů֪ұЩĶԺݺʵ
֪ʲôʰɣֻҪܻشģһش㡣
ݺѾͷЩ˵
ڵ׻壬ôˣ
Ů֪Щ˸еʵ
׻廹ڣȴҲǧ֮ǰĻԻͣ׻ǺӵĴǺӵĵλһȡ׻еĴףֻܹʣ
ݺش˵Щܣش֪֪Ҳûʲôϵ
֪ЩӸе˸УȥûǳĬ
ݺҲ˷ʱ䣬˼Ȼõ׻ͷ漣иŮл꣬ôЩȥȡ߲ʾ۾̫ԲԼˡ


1130 ׷
ţͽ뵽˺ݺСУʼúݺСе׻ط׻
ݺСе˲٣Ϊܹõ߲ʾۣԸ⸶ЩģȻ΢һʵ߲ʾʵ㲻ʲôʧʵֻ΢һɶѡ
ǵһνݺСˣÿһνֺݺǽһƬѪɫĿռУƬռг֮⣬ʲôûС
ݺǲصͦİСطҲҿʲôӡ
ΪΣδ˼ã̾Ϳʼ׻ʼ׻֮׵硢Եϳ̶ȡ
ϣָϣЧر
˵ںͰӰĴﵽ˵ʮһϣٷһöòʺʯƶɵħеǾܴﵽʮϣͻǴﵽ۷ˡ
ܹһк׻ƵطӰԵƿصĻôʹðӰĵʱ򣬽еʮʮļϵЧ
һ˵ϣﵽʮһЩط֮ǿЧϳεġ
Ȼ׻ΪԼʩչ׵硢ĵΪƽ׻أӶ뵽׻ʥĹ߲ʾ۵õ֡
ʮңݺ϶ܹʥĹˣʱֻʣʮ죬˵Ӧûʲôġ
΢һ׻ѶȣѶƿضȲϣ˵֮ħ֮طˡ
ȻˣֻҪһʱ䣬Ҿ;ܽأ
ţȻѸٽ뵽Ǳ޵״̬УźݺСе׻ط
棬ݺǽǰ׻У֣ⷢ׻еĲл֪ңǺӱĲи֪Ҫǿ˲٣
Ͼֻһǧˣ֪һֱڶеĲУȻ֪ΪҲúݺǰٶȵõһһһǰٶȣ
ԭҪʮܵƬʥĹֻҪˣ˸·ʱ䡣
ңźݺٶȼӿ죬ܹ;ܶսҩƿϡ֮ȵԴǺܶˡ
Ͼǧ꣬׻ľ߱лʶģܹܿЩǺӱ֮⣬ܱܿٻᴥһЩС
һ̫Ʒ޾սĳڣҪȻ϶ǻб˺ɷ顣
ԣʥĹвĶҪôûУҪô׻ǿս
;ݺЩȫֱȻôۣСҲ⣬ǲ˷ѵĿ׻Ϳ˵һܴľϲˡ
ݺٶȼӿ֮󣬺ܿͳ˺ܶߣЩ߿źݺԼٶǰ׷𾪣ȫòߵ
ٶǰܹ׼ȷ̽⵽еĴڣҪȻɣ
ڶ׼ȷ̽еĴڣЩ׾ǿ߶ģôһСѾͷܹܣ
˶úݺ϶ܿͻײֻϧô֪ݺܹ׼ȷ̽⵽еĴڣ
ݺܿʹ;ЩʧˣٶȱٿʮֹܼܿԽԽ٣ҲԽԽĺöǰ
һСӡǵĲкȥԷһǷ񻹴ʲô
޾սϧò׻úãûȥ϶ˣǿٶӵϣͿƳһ޾սˡ
ľȻǾľĴ֮ôĶȻп϶ǿˣֵˣ
ݺһ·ϲѹκöЩûвһСһռУ׼ȥ֮ٺƽ֡
ƿطĻݺ϶ô˳ܶøжϾƿطļֵʱЩȫҲԲ
˾ľеĴ֮Ļܵܺпܹ̤ǵ۾Ϊˣ̫첻Ǻ£ȰȰùһΪ
ݺţǰУԽǿ׻ʥĹвıԽ࣬ƷԽߣɼʱμ׻ʥ׻ǿ߾ж٣
ǲƵ޾սݺǰһ죬ѾõȻǲƵģûʲôãֻûȥˣֵҲԹˡ
һѣκһ˵֮ˣѪ壬ôףҲԼưǺˡ
ݺĸоͬʱǺӱһ־ηֻ˵ۼǺӱĲ״֪Ǻӱȷµ֮һ
һʱҲСУ׻ط˵أɹأ
㶨ˣ
Сгݺǰһ
š
ͷ
ٶȻ졣
Ů֪һʱ䣬ݺǴ˹ϵҲûôˣԶҲ˿ô
һջ񻹲ɣˣͻ𣿡
ЦһЦȻԺݺʵ
ջ񲻴ûʲôͻ˶ԶԶ˦ںˣǰʲô˵Ļ϶̽ǿˣпܽǴ׾ǿߡ
ݺ˵ͷȻɫص˵
ţףǾ͵ÿ㶥סˣҪǶϴף˼һָͷ¾ҡ
ٺһЦ

˳ʥĹǰʱ򣬾ʥĹԵԶһȺɫ׵ǿߣƺƵ˹
ȺǿߣȻԽǿߣΪ׵ľȻһߣߣϹһĨʹͺ⣬ʵȻ֮ǰİƴʦȼ磡
ߣԽĴˣҾǽ̫ӵүүŽĴܼңҲ̫ӵ常
ܼϴΰ²ѪҲûа취ֻ̫֮ܽȴ벻ô˱Ļᡣ
ǾʥĹУȻˣųϢ˵ѪɽѾõ߲ʾۣϢԽԶԽã
ǽߣ˫дź⣬˵
ⷨӲһǽʧܣҲԻ׷ɱǣ
ܼҶԴ̾
ô˵أ
һһǿ˴ܼһ£˵ôˣ϶ˣжôܻʧܣ


1131 
ԶԶԣжضɹѪɽץ֣ɢй߲ʾ۵ϢǸӵ鷳ˡ
̷ܼӦһǰϵɫû˶ѿ˿Լ졣
ˣɣν죬ʥĹУԳͨˣٶҵһ˭ҵģ
ϴԼСȡһˣһɫǽɫϲɢǳ֮ƺʥĹ֮лϴó
Щˣܹǧȫؾǿߣʱ˿һʱǰһ
ٺ٣̽ǺӱЧսֶΣǽҲֻôһʥĹУٶȽ˶졣
γôˣɲֻΪץһп׻ʥĹ֮УҵһЩôǵõЩ߲ʾۣǿɾ׬ˡ
ȫķǽ˴ʥĹ֮Уضջ
һȺ˺ƺƵʥĹǰƾֶ̽ΣܹЧܿжϵĲУϧһͶĲУ޷̽⵽ˣϾϢ̫΢
ؾǿ˵һкͶеƻѾ޷ǳ׽ɱһ鷳ˣⲻ
죬Ҫƿطǲ˲ٵģȻ컹⹦ЧǾƿ߱ġ
뵽ʥĹ֮󣬴ϱѳ˲ٽɫ⣬˽ÿһ䣬ȻЩ߱󲿶ӷֿԶȥ
ƾЩɫ⣬ܹͬ̽⵽ΧڵĲУһж޷̽⵽ΣԻǴڵġ
ΪˣֻЩֵܹнɱǿߣ뿪˴󲿶ӵȥʣٶǶŽϣָ£ϳʥĹǰ
˰λ׵ǿߣǷɢʥĹĸȥѰͺݺˣ֪䣬ǿɢʥĹĸУ鲼Ĺռ䣡

ʱͺݺȻֻ֪²⵽н׷ȴû뵽Ȼô졣
οǲ֪ӵֱԣýô׷
ʵҲˣͺݺ˲оƿط׻Ůл֪꣬Ϊָ·
ˮʥĹǰٶȼһ࣬ȥٹʱ䣬ܹ֪˵߲ʾصĵط
ڼ䣬ǲƹһЩбȽܼȻһЩԶ·廨ѵʱ佫̺ܶ࣬һһЩпֵܳΣա
Ҫ֪ʥĹеĳЩУڲƶеģһʮܼһЩо£߽޿ӣֻ·һ
Ϊ˾Σգͺݺѡ·廨ѵʱ䲢ӣһֱǰҪһЩ
ǰи׾ǿߣСһ㣬ûƹΪ
ڸƹһƬܼ֮󣬺ݺȻüͷ˵
ںݺԵǸƹƬܼ·Ļ»˷̫ʱɣֻһ׵Ļݺ㣬Ӧġ
һ׾ߣںݺǰ»㲻ʲôۼݺ֮ǰڽܼڵĸˣתġ
Ҵ㣬ҹ
ݺһۣȻŵ˵ͷ˵ҾϲֳҵӣšǾֱӹȥɣҪ붯֣ҵǲ棬ǰ棬ӦҲõ˲ٺöҪƴһĻͱҲˡ
˵⻰ݺǰֱֱȥˡ
Ҳû̫ģݺӷǶԼǳĵģһѰĴף϶κβ򲻹Ҳ
ܿ죬ںݺԶԶ̽⵽һ׾ǿߣҰУһƬڵĹУһɫӵߣյǰš
ʱȻҲо˺׷ͺݺȻЩĻعͷһȻһŮɸӲ졣
ǵ۾λףȤȤȻ׷ϷĽŲ
߶ʱǰһرǼݺʱƺһĨɫ
ʱ˿̵ĺݺǻһŮԵûÿɰĻûֶΣǰ߲ܿıһޣѪĹݺ
ͷƺɫ̫ԣЩ
еɫ۵ףʱЩ㷡
ҲˣߣϼһһͲʲôöֻ·ģȻթһǲˡ
ݺ޺޵˵ƽЩĿԼˣǰͷӣǰĿɨԼرġ
¶Էһ׾ǿߣҲŹԷһҪɫƣ
˫δݺѾʼʩչֶΣѪɫϢʼȫɢΧյУϢƬա
ߣʱ۾ƺʲôֻһ̧֣һɫðʱγһȦɫϣ˶֮б
ŮӣôһԵĶǰ֣ɲǸϰߣϷɵúúýѵһԺٲˣ
ߺٺһЦɫ𽥴ȻݺѪɫϢۿɼٶȣڽЩѪɫϢɵ
ݺɫ΢΢һ䣬ѪɫþģȻԷĻɫɣɼԷЩơ
ϼһ粢ǿֻǸѰĴװˣȴȽϿҵĻþģ̫ðˡ
ݺ
ܵҲüֻҲһͷǰܡ
ôŮӣںڶϷ𣿡
ͷ۾𽥿ݺ𽥸ֳ´źݺӣŮĵǲϷθڣȻðϷ򣬲͸Ϸ򵱸̰ɣ׼̤֮磬Σ
һʱʵͷ̬úݺӷŭ
ںݺԵͷû⣬һǵ۾ǰԱҲ۾գһµģûκв
ںݺ۾˼ҪζԸͷͷƺݺǾû취Ըˡ
Ҫ֪ǿ˰
ݺóþҲʮжƷֶΣǽܲܽͷƭ뵽ĳһСУ㲻ܣǼܷѹסͷӣúݺ취ɵ
ͷתܿ˺üпܶԸͷİ취


1132 Ѻͷ
Ȼ˲ٰ취ȴûкͺݺ˵Ϊ֮ǰƴʦǰ֪֮ǿǰ˵ĻпûãԷ֪Լ뷨
£Ҫͺݺϣ͵ÿ˵Ĭ̶ˣ
㣬Ҫǻܰɣ׾ǿߣʵǵв㿴һʼֱӾͱѹˣֲסǲ룬룬϶ҪΪͷ̰ɣ
źݺ˵⻰ȻǼٵģΪԻͷӣݺĻ϶뵽취ĲŶԡ
Ȼݺûʧ
һ̣ݺҲװǳӣѵĲͷ˵ҵȻͷ̣ҪƺҲˣͷöడ֪Ͳˡ
⻰˵ģϤݺȻ֪ȫڻ
λѪһĴ¶ֺµӣЩĻﵽͷɾЧ
ȻĴݣͷֱˣͷϵøˣƺԤ뵽ĳ˷ܵĳ
ǺǣͶüĹϵ㲻ͶϷλСֵӣĻϷҪɵˡ
ͷٺЦ˵Ŀ⳯źݺ顣
ͶǰϣܷŹǣǴˣġ
ݺдһ˿ˮݼȻ˱棬Ҫ˽⣬ҪȻᱻƭˡ
ܲģͶϷ򣬽ϷСڣܳĺģ̤׵ľ磡
ͷԻɫϮ𽥵Ľͺݺ˶С
ǡðɡͶˡ
ݺһΪѵ˵ţһɫЩ΢졣
ģͷɫĴ𣬲Ҳʱ򣬺ݺͬʱ֣ʩչԼ׼õֶΣϮͷ
ֶβض˵ڲǵ۾ʲôʵȥԿ׾ǿߣõóֵֶҲֻһˡ
˲˳ֲȻ٣ͷ⧲֮£˲㱻˵
ھĶã֮ǰԹüΣһסһͷǿߣڶԸһȺˡ
ڶζþʱ򣬺Ϊ׵ǸħֱʩչֶԶ̹¾ɱ˺һȺˣʧء
ڶεʱħԶħʱ䷴ӦԾ
ڣͷ֮ûжپ룬һֱ֣ӱɭȻϢɢӣͷֱ֣Ȼ󳹵壬ֻһʱ䣬ҲѾ㹻ˣ
ݺλᣬҲ֪һҲΨһһᣬҪȻĻԷƣֲԷǿ󣬴䡣
Ȼ֪ʲôֶΣܶԸ׾ͷȴѡҲǼΪ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷɭȻϢסȻݺʩչֶΣһ޾似Ѫǿһд似޾ѪɫˣֱӾͷ·ԡһƬѪУ
ţݺһ̧֣޾Ѫɫľ˱ȫյ˲ӸǰѪɫ׹֮УС磡
ͷ壬ݺȻͷץԼС磬һʤһӵ춨ˣ
˺ݺСУҪǻǶݺˣ
㶨ϲѽ
ݺ֣֮Щ˷ֱܵӽ˻Уû뵽Сôթ
ȿȣ˵ҼթԼҲܼթҪȻôе뷨Ҽͬʱ֣
һ±ùǺһ˵
ԣӦýǣͷŽмթأ˵ˣȥͷ̿һʲô
ݺһ£ȻЦĴڽѪɫ׹ӵСС
һֳѪɫ׹ӣһϱݺ˵һ飬΢΢һ̣о

ںݺСУݺѾָ־ͷ
ͷȻ֪ԼѾץ˺ݺСУϹ˾ɥ;Ȼ֪뵽˱˵Слʲô³
򵥵˵ѾȫںݺˣݺһˣʱԶСе֮
ںݺСУͷܴ֮ܵѹƣʵٱ˾ųɣһλ׵СУͷпƴһƴĶȴԭǿλ׺ݺ
£ݺԼСУȫܹͷѹġ
ʵɣʲô֣
ݺͷ˾ͱɱڣϹޱ飬Դôһͷȫκκɫ
ʱĺݺһѪ߳ɱ
ͷɥҵС̣ͷŹҰɣҼﻹӣҴŪһȥأ
ϻ˵شҵ⣡
ݺɫһɣͷʱһһŭˡ
£òͷ
ͷ̾Ȼ˵Ϸ㣬ˣϧвٵȨżֻҳߣշת˴˵ʥĹᣬⲻҪ̽һ
Ȼǰϵˣ㣬û˵
ݺ۾뵽֮ǰ䶷ҪΪ״ӵİƴʦò˵ǰƴʦͦдʦ緶ģ˵Ҫͽȴûǿ֮Ҳûиʲôͻֱˡ
˸Ƚĸǿߣ²ôưոݡ
Ժݺ԰ԭӡ㲻ϧڸͷȫˣôһϼһҲᱻϵǿżˣ
ʥĹУõʲôȫ
ݺʼ˴٣ѶԷץСˣֱӽɵѾõˣʲô
Ҳ֪ڵΪ⣬Ϊޣֻܵͷ㽫ʥĹеõĲٶȡ˳ʵʵĽ˺ݺ
ںݺСУû취뿪ݺǸûõģݺĻͽնɱˣЩںݺġ
ֲȴɣʱɱ㣬ҪʲôٶҲ档
ݺвһȻʹЩ뿪С磬ʥĹУǰ
ʱͷѺͷʥĹõĶɣ񶼻ء
ݺ㷭ǴеĶҵļƵ޾սƷƷһƷȻûˣûȥĻҲܵõܶϣƳһЩ޾սҲǿܵġ


1133 ׻
ݺСг󣬾ͽЩóɨһָۣԼ֮ǰõĶ˶٣Щ㲻ȴѾƵı
Ƶ޾սСкмֵģһЩСҲֵʲôǮͺݺ˵ԺԲˡ
ڻûսƷʱ΢ɨһ۾ͼǰˡ
׻еŮ֪Ҳлڣһ·϶ǳ˳ڽͷѺںݺС֮˾ûôټˡ
ϾܹϵٶȣôʥĹȽģ˴֮Ҳʲôˡ
ң˽ʥĹǴӲͬͺݺǰϣҲ̫׾ǿߡ
ԣȥͺݺжǳ˳ԽǿʥĹЩƯеıˡ
Ů֪ҲлĻ˵ΪԽǿʥĹԽǵǺӱֱӴݻٵĵطںĴ޾սܴ
УҲһǧʥĹΧƮģŻȽϡ١
Ĺ߲ʾۣŮ֪ҵǲģΪ׻ʥʬ߲ʾ۷һ̵ĲϣʯΧ
ʯļ̶̳ȣǺӱ޷ƻģǶͺݺõǺʯɵĹľҲѽ߲ʾ۴Ū
ȻŮ֪˵а취ݺȻҲˣŮƭûκκôġ
ʱ֮
ͺݺԽԽʥĹ˿¶ڱȽңԶĵطʥĹٻľ룬ЩǿҲ⡣
ͺݺǵҪҲٻҪʱ䣬Կ׾ǿߣҲ
ǱȽŮ֪ҵĲл꣬Ů漣Ĵڣĵ֮ǰʹ
ʹҲƾһƲл꣬һֱ꣬Ҳֶ֪ΣʲôֶΣлᵹҪһʡ
ʥĹ봦ʥĹᣬ֮⣬ԭֻǱǺӱͨհˣûʲô֮Ĵڡ
ͺݺǰģһޱȺΰĹɫ׵ͰɫɫĻƹĻƼΪֺꡣ
һƬĽȺɣͺݺֱ̤Уҵ֮ǰ׻óˡ
ΪƬĽȺУкܶ׻صĴڣǲض׻صɱǺпܵ顣
Ů֪ҵָǰʱӦò̫鷳
ʱ׼׻֮ܿķ϶˵һ׻ء
׻ģʲôԵֻҪ׻߶ܽʱѹסᱬ
Ů֪ҵĻʼõص׻۾Ȼָ֪ĵطǹȥܿһֽĳѹסĸо˿
ˡ
֪˵
˵ͷȻݺǰ棬˳ľ֮ķ϶ʥĹĸ
еĽû̫ķ֣ЩдţоһģĵãԭӦôŲٺöֻϧǺӱĴݲУԼǧʱľЩСͽеĶȫҷˣЩǧٿףԵüΪơ
Щÿһ÷ǳӲĲϣԺܶһľӹ̹ģǺӱ£ǻһֱӱݻ٣ɼǺӱȷƵľ޴ˡ
ͺݺˣʱѹס׻أȻڽвϴУʥĹԽԽ
ڼ䣬ԽԽŮ֪ңΪ֪Ҹָ׻صڣָǽѹƣܹƽͨ˳ĵá
ãȫ̻ɫ׵ͰɫĻƣ׻ıǣõΧС͵Ҫʮ
ʥĹ룬Ҳ׻ʥʬᴦ
Ĺĵãһ·϶ͦ໰Ů֪ңЩĬƺǰй׻ʥ顣
ݺϾŮӣҲЩƸеڣɶŮ֪ҵҪǽ游׻ʥɣǧ֮ǰ飬ҲǺֻ׻ʥ֮Ӣۿģ
š
Ů֪ҴӦˣʵڻǳڶԹȥ廳֮УһĹ֮УѾȥǧ游׻ʥ
ʵҪΪǺӱĻڵ֪ң׻һǿߣǴ׾Ĵڣ嶼пܳΪص
ֻڣȴֻʣ²л꣬׻ǿ
Ƕ׻ʥ¼ûʲôȤĵΧѰ׻ȥѹЩ׻ء
һ·ϵѹ׻أҲЩѰ׻صľ飬ڳƾԼľȥѰ׻أҲѰ˸˾Ųʮ
ؼѴڣõ׻أǺüһ𣬱Ƚһ׻ȫҵȻڶʱѸѹƣҪȻĻ𲻵Ч߾Ļһ׻ضֱӱ
أʥĹвټ˵ҲǸͦĿ顣
ںݺû׻ҲﲻʲôæŮ֪ǾˣӰ첻ʲô
Χܹʮ׻أÿһ׻صʮȣѰҵĺ࣬ؾ飬ټһֱһĽԸ񣬵ǽʮ׻ųˡ
׻Ը׻صĻֻʱѹЩ׻أʱڲᱬˣٶȱҪ죬ʱڸ㲻׻صĻѹƵ׻ָֻ
ԣһٶȲ죬ôԶ޷뵽֮С
ڣһ·ѹ׻Ѿǳ˳֣ʮ׻أҲǷǳѸ٣ʱʱ䣬㽫Χ׻ȫѹסˣ
ݺҸ㶨ˣǽȥɡ
кһݺȻȾĹзȥȻȻٻһͷַǰ棬ʲô⧲⡣
ǱߺݺŮ֪Ҳûмȥˣôʱʱ䣬Ů֮䵹Ǳñ֮ǰϤ˺ܶࡣ
ݺ£˼Ȼһ̤뵽С
֮Уȥ֮㼫Ϊտһɫ׹⡢һɫɫһƬ׶԰ĵ룬Ʈһڴɫʯס
ǿںɫʯףؾúʯƶɣΪӲĲϣǺӱ޷ݻ٣
Ǽ͵õǽϣǺӱˢŲѺۣЩѾ棬ֱӴˣƲѡ
ΨǿڴɫʯףȴȫȫĹ⻬ûܵһ˿һˣ


1134 ߲ʾ
ͺݺһ𣬲ĵУһںɫʯ׵ǰ
׻ҲŮ֪ҵĲл£ӺݺСз˳һںɫʯΧĬ
˸ϽְɣҪȻȻһرΧ׻أٵ˷ʱʱ䡣
˰֣׻˵˵ʲô취ƿʯƳɵʯף
ƽʯ׵ķҲֻŮ֪Ҳ֪ˡ
ʯǲƿģԱҪмɣи߼ʦʯںʯԣÿʦƳĺʯߣƽⷽһҪѭ䶨µķ򡣡
Ů֪Ҳлʶ˳ҵ֪游ʯ׵ƽⷽǱ뷢ģƻ游壬𣿡
ԷģֻҪ߲ʾۣҡ߲ʾһȡߣҲ游ˡ
ݺ˵ͷ˵
ҲǵͷͶһͷʬûκȤȥƻ׻ʥˣûκκôΪʲôҪ
˵ͷϿвٺö˵ܹõ߲ʾѾ㹻˲̫̰ģοһжΪ֪ҲŵõģҪǲΥġ
Ů֪Ҽ˵ͷӦŽƽʯɵʯ׵ķ˵˳ͺݺ֪ˡ
ȻƽʯףǵҪõ׻Ժݺǰﲻʲôæˣֻһ˽æ
ƽʯ׵Ĺ̲ѣֻһʱͽƽ⿪Ȼͼһʯ׾ȻʼڻһСס
ţֻôһС׿Դ򿪵ģ߲ʾóɡ
Ů֪Ҵߴٵ
ʼձž裬һֱǶŮ֪ҵĲл겻ǰٷ֮Σ֪ܿŮȷûʲô˼һжûƭ
ʩչ׻ģڴʯСȡһѷĩ״ĶֳвͬɫȺϣպǲʺɫ
ɫķĩһƺȫ޷ֿǷֵϸж̺ɫɫƺȫڵһ𣬵ȥܹԷֱǳ档
һ߲ʷĩպŮ֪˵彮гۣһǧİڵң
ǶѪ˵ⶼһѵõľ޿ݺûйôǮƵģһʱ̲סǰһ
ݺûô߼ֵĶֻǺԼӵй˵ʵѪһкö٣ѪһĲƲǺݺûʸġ
ܵܣǷѽ
ݺзŹ⡣
˺ˣϽ˰ɣһ׷˿ɾͲˡ
˰֣ҲΪĵģ߲ʾպֱ֮Ӿתˡ
ݺû߲ʾۣѸٴ׻뿪Ĵ͵á
֮󣬵ʯף㻺ڻʯǸƿСף𽥻ָ·ûһ

߲ʾۣܹǲҪôࡣ
öʺʯֻҪ߲ʾ۾Ϳˣ͸ݺˡ
δԼǺͺݺںģԼ˺ݺƿصһһ룬øݺĻҪġ
Դǵг֮һ׼뿪һ߷ֳ߲ʾۣݸ˺ݺ
治ҪʵҪĻȫȥˣҪûãҲȥǮ
ݺȻһЦ
Ҿˣ뿪Ĺ˵ˣ֪Ӵô죬Ǹ뿪ǣ
뵽˻׻еŮ֪Ҳлꡣ
һ߰ɣûʲôˣȻȥ׻忴
Ů֪Щ˵ڵͺݺˣҪǵл飬Ҳûκη
Ψһеľֻ׻ǰͺݺ״ɢĻͲ֪׻ˡ
Ů֪ңݺͦϲģҲûʲôкŮȺã֪ѾܿˣͻǺӱһɲȥ۸һŮлꡣ
Ǿȥ׻߰ɡ
ݺ˵ͷ˾ҲѲ˶ʱ䡣
ǿɲܾôȥܵܣǿЩٻһòóȥʱʲôˣϳǡ
ݺ˵
Ҳôġ
˵ͷȻʩչӰ֮ͨԼ仯һֻСè
ֻСèӱϿֻǸͨСèޣû˿磬ȫֻǸѰˡ
ݺ״Цŵ˵ͷǻһһŮ뿪仯ģҲģСèͺܺˡ
˵꣬ݺ㻯һǧĵŮӣɫɴһ½Сè˻УǰϾļʥĹΧֱӷɳȥˡ
ݺĻ仯Ǿһģⷽ裬ѾѰĴ׾ߡ
仯ܵܺվǰһܹϳҪ˵ͲϤˡ
һŮӣһֻСè޾дУԵ÷ǳɣʱ˿̣ݺ¶ľȻǴ׾ϢαװʵΪ֮
ƿأԼϢݺȴԱãαװɴ׾ǿߣˮ׼ֶΣ̾硣
ܿ죬˾˵һˣһͬǴ׾Ůӣ˫棬û˵ʲôֱӾˡ
ŮӣƺʥĹҲõ˲ٺöûݺֱŸȥ
ݺȥ·ߺֱܽ⣬Ȧ⣬˵ĻԷͲΪǴĳģͿȥܶ鷳
СèݺڻУůļ̲סЩԳǺܿ콫䰴סˣʼ˼ʺʯ߲ʾ۵ơ
öʺʯҪǺɫɫɫͰɫֱƳħее˼Ѫʥ쵤쵤ҩ
ħееԴߺĵϳ̶ȣ˼Ѫڵ˼Ѫʥ쵤൱һǿħ֮ģúһʱ֮ڽܹ
һöҩЧԶ켶ģܹߵʵһ󵵴ΣԴΪ⡣
˲ʺʯ߲ʾ֮⣬ҪֵҩҪٸϣǱȽѰĲˣȻֵͣƾڵʲҪӦòѣؼѾҪ߲ʾмеĺˡ
ʦӵ˿ຣҩ֣ڲ֪ʸ켶ĵҩȲϼ֮󣬵ǿһԣ
ţһȥнʣҪĸȫȻͿ׼ˡ
ȻֵҲŵ۾۷壬δ̤뵽һǵ۾Ҫ쵤ҩЩѣȴ˳һЩ֮ֵһǵ۾Ļຣҩп쵤ҩġ


1135 о
һö쵤ҩҪĲϣȴ֪ЩܹҪңһҶûУأֻҪһ߲ʾۣ㹻еĸ˰ɣ
ؼڣڳ߲ʾ۵Ļʵ̫ˣ»ܶ鷳
ԣǶ֪˵ˣҪ߲ʾѾȡߵϢȥ𣿵ȻֻҪȥͿˣҪȡ߲ʾۡ
š
źݺȦȥҲԽԽ࣬˶Ժݺǳ棬һЩߣеСèǳĽȻҸСè
֪Сèһ˱仯Ļ»ֱ򼵶ʶɱ
ǿߣݺڨϧݺûǣߣһоݺϴ׵ϢͲҺҪ֪ƢŹֵǿ߿ǺܶģһֻǴڨλǰǰװ׶
ܹ۾Σ䱾־̫ģܼһŮӾһҪڨļһڼǰͱ˸ˣܻڡ
һ·гȥûʲô̫鷳
֮;ڼһݵߣɫ׵λޣԽǿߣ
ǿߣôҲֻ˸ࣿ
ͺݺͬʱ˼ȴǲɫֱƹǿߣʥĹ֮ȥ
ܿ죬˾֪ǿ߲ǵģһ󲿶ӣһˣڲϴϢ˵Ѫɽ߲ʾȡˣ
ɶô֪ģ
̲סЩ𾪣ǽҲ̫ͨ˰ѣŸոȡ߲ʾۣǾ֪Ϣˣ
Ӧòֻ֪ǴϢһѰǵˣһֱڱӣҳûôס
ݺ΢΢һЦ
֮ѪһطʲôܹݵϣǽǼڼ
ݺѪط൱ŵģ˳㻹ܽϢһڸƾطѪΪһ壬ɼض鴫ġ
ĵںݺؿڣŮĻյģûе̫ණ
кݺڣİȫǱȽܹϵģкüǿ߾ûܹı仯ȥĻȫ뿪ʥĹ϶ûʲô̫⡣
ֻҪ뿪ʥĹᣬǱͨʱӡǣֱӻص׻ȥ׻ʱӡǣֱӴ͡
ݺ˵ţȻ仯һģȻһϸ
״Ҳûм仯СèˣֱСУһҲʡĺöࡣ
ֻʣºݺ仯ɵϸӰʥĹдУһûʲô˹ˣڼ䣬ݺǸܵݵϣлһɼǿ֮㽫Ϣݳ
õǣѪ崫еطѾ˵صľ磬ס˶Էݡ
ѵǽһ֣ǴˣҲ̫ӵүү
ݺţԴ˻ЩǵģֻҪǽϵ֮ǿһ㣬ϢҲͻֱӱݳˣ

ʱ˿̣ǧʥĹĴɢѰңɢϢ˵߲ʾǱɽѪ幫һȡˡ
ϢܿɢʥĹ̽߶
ʥĹ̽ѰͬʱҲʼעѪɽʼ֮ͺݺ˵ټ
ݵԽ࣬ݺطҪҲԽܿ͸оԽԽ֮ٵԼϣԼϢԽԽѣĵԽԽ
СУҲܵǴСгһƤڵ׳ԼеĲٻָĵҩ˺ݺ
ЩҩӿߵСкеõһֱûõԼкͼΪ䣬ƽʱҪ൤ҩڵ˴ó
ˣǽǵõ߲ʾ۵ϢɢԽԽǵϢҪֵ˵ݣѶԽԽˡ
ݺ˵
Щҩֶܼã
üʵ
ʱʱ䣬Ҳ˵ҵͻȻӵĻʱֲ
ݺһ¡
ʱ֮ڣǱ뿪׻ǡ
˾ȥ׻Ů֪Ҳлˣȱ֤ԼİȫС
Ů֪Ҫ׻ϿԺȫٻҲһġ
ԴˣŮ֪Ժݺݺ㣬ҪΣյĻԺٻ׻ǿҲһģܰɡ
š
ݺӾŮ֪رƽ⣬ϧѾǧֻ꣬ʣ²л꣬ҪȻĻӦܳΪܺõء
ȻŮҲ˵ǺܺõˣֻζоȱЩʲô
ṩĲĵҩ֧֣ݺܹʱʱ䣬ٶǰУȥЩСһˣзһǰĻֱӾʩչѪɫĽ飡
һǰеٶȱ֮ǰӿ˺ܶ࣬ҲԽأȻڶһЩҲνֻҪ뿪׻ǷΧͿˡ
ݵľԽԶĵԽֻҪݺ뿪׻ǷΧûôܹݵǣݵǣĵҲҪһٱ
һԱȽϰȫһЩˣ˵ݺһֱͣʥĹ֮ȥ
һ·ϣ仯ɵϸӰ˲˵עٶ̫ˣ˸ʥĹôѸٵж
ΪˣҲһЩ˵ģϸʩչ̽ͨ̽һݺȴ޷αװջǷˣɺݺѸٵ뿪
Щ̽һЩ쳣Ҫ׷ϺݺҲǲܵģϾʥĹУ˭Сж
Ǹںݺƨɺ棬ҲôٶȣһײǺӱĲУ³ҪҾжˣ
ʱ֮󣬺ݺСе׻˳ɳ׻ʥĹķΧ
ݺ˿ֱӴСȡһöŰɫâʯȻ߶е
öŰɫâʯǱλõʱӡǣ߶еֱ֮Ӿʹźݺ׻ϣ
׻ϵʱʱӡǿ¼λã˲Խľ룬ص׻ϣȻöʱӡǱֱѣҪ֪ʱӡǿɶһԵıڣѰ˻ò
ڣʥĹеЩҪݺݺϢĵ֮ǰʮ
оգ벻ô˶ˣѪĴطܹݣҪɾ군ˡ
Ȼ¡


1136 ֮
׻ϣʱҪȫܶˣҲֻʱϣпЩǿ߻ᷢǻص׻ǣĻ˵ҲʱӡǿѸٴ͵׻ץˡ
ܵܣҪǰǺӵİǰɣ²˳٣ͳɡ
ݺ˵ʱ˿ֻ̣˸ӣֱӱһŮһβӣȫ˿ѪӰӡ
ǼСУһǰ׻ϵʱӡǴ
ʱ򣬻вڲźݺֻھԶһЩʩչطֵҲɵöࡣ
ʱ϶ˡ
ȵЩ˷ݺݺѶȱ֮ǰʮ׾ͻƶϳѾ뿪ʥĹᣬºܿͻ׷
ڡ
׻ϾȻнţ
ݺûһСŮΧнȺȥʱӡǴ󸽽ʱ򣬻ڴſڣԹÿ˶ϸһ
ȻʱӡǴڴߵģ׾Ľǿߣ˵ĿⶼǳϬȻ̽ʵǳߣݺܷɻػһء
ںݺСУûʲô̫ǿҵĸдݺԽǿʱӡǴľԽ죬ڸľƿأӸڸסԭѪϢ侲
һݺʱӡǴ
һ
Ĵ׾ǿߣϽĿͶÿһϣȻҲûзŹݺںݺֻͣһСƿˣȻǲݺαװһ˿ɶûС
ݺαװû֮ͺˣټڵľƿطרžͨ̽Ĵ׾ǿ߶
úݺһϲȴδֳֻǵʱӡǴڣͬʱв˶ڳʱӡǴȥɻصĿԾ͸
ܿ죬ݺ׾Ľǿߣ̤뵽ʱӡǴڣȻһǰ˵㡣
ʱӡǴĵ㣬ͨǵĴ󣬺ݺֻһʱˣϾܱ¶ݣΪǰ
׻ǲǺӵҪ֮һˣʱӡǴҲ޷ߴ͵ǺȥҪǰǺӵİǣֻȻصϲС
ã׻ǵǵʱӡǴõһԿҲȽ϶̡
ܿʱӡǵУͻܹһǧҪǰǵߣÿ˽ʱѾöҡ
ںݺ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôѰ˵ȴǼ䰺ķˣΪˣʱӡǴõ˲ܶࡣ
ۼһǧ֮ʱӡǴ㿪һǧȫվ˴ϣȻ󣬽һǧ˲䴫͵ϡ
Ҳʱ򣬺ݺ뿪ʥĹϢŴ׻ϣפ׻ϵĽǿ߷׷ж
ֻϧǲ֪ǣݺʹֱ뿪׻ǣ
֮࣬ΪǺӵĴǺ֮һݽϷ
Ҳ˵ֻҪǵķΧڣݽϷУͻһԶݵ޷ݡ
ݺɸӰȫˡ
ҴǴ͵ǺӰǵʱӡǴֻҪȴʱͿˣʱڣҪҵݺǲܵˡ
壬ȻźݺĴڣ֮ȴȫǵݽϷεûκν
ݺҲ˿Щָҩǿ֧㲻ȥֵԷˡ
ʱ֮󣬽ʶݺѾصǣҪ׷ȴˣ
ʱӡǴǧһֱӱ͵֮Ǻӣǣ

Ǻӡ
֮ȼ߾һȺ壬һȺˡ
Ǻӹż֮ҲһֱҪǰǺӣڣӶһȶͬʱʥ۲һѪʲô
ڸݺ˰֮󣬲ŷڰǵеĲ̫һˡ
յǺӵİǣλǺӵǲ࣬Ҫ֮һ϶Ǽ䷱ĵط
ǳڰϵȴԼˣ˰ǣطȻƺǳҵӡ
ո߳ʱӡǴ󣬱֮кɱĶУһȺһȺ߶ڵɱ漫Ϊҡ
Ǹһֱ𣿡
ЩסˣԵĺݺʵ
߳ʱӡǴ֮˾Ͷָ˱壬ϾһֱάֻҲҪĲģȻ˰ǣֱԻͺˣѾԽǺӣǴϲεĴڣҲݵ˵λϢ
ݺ۾Ȼǣ֮ǰ˵ǺЩңұѪ֮ǰҲ˵ģֻû뵽ôң߰ɣǹȥô£˵һǺӵҪϣô˻ң벻ͨ
˵ͷҲǰеɣҪиȵôҵĻ̸ΰ
˳Žֵ˹ȥͨؾСӣһô¡
Ͼݺλ׾ǿߣСֱӾͻش
˵ͺݺһۣӶԷпЩ֮ɫСӵĻشп֪ԭǵĻһ֮ǰͳͷˡ
ĸԴȻǺͽ԰дѹ
ǺУ塢塢壬ǺӵͷͬռǺӵһ뽮
ںͽԸ壬ɵӰȻǼ޴ģֱӵӰ񣬾ðֱӱûҲڰԹ˲Ͼ˼ȥ
ڰϵİ壬ѾӵʣûжˣǺͽ޴ռȵͷ
ͽ֣Ը壡ôܣ
Դ˼Ϊ𾪣Ҫ֪ʱ򣬻Ǻ׷ɱͽΣҲǱħɱ
壬ôͰһԸˣ
ѵлʲô飬֪ģ
һԿڰ԰ǳһ֮Կ֣Ѿ;ĩ·ĵزˣҪҲɰôҡ
ô˵Ҫһȵ˵ˣ¶ȴܲܣٵҵУһΪʥ۲һѪ
ҧҧδʹ׼취ҵ磡


1137 繫
شС뿪֮󣬺ݺһۣǲô죿
ü˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˵ݺѪĴطǲ֮һǿܶࣿҪ㳢һݰ翴
ûмݲڰϵĻǿǣݽϷġ
ݺҡҡͷһЦҵѣѶȷǳ󰡣οڰ屻ͽִڿ϶ǲˣҪûĻ϶кܶҵء
ֵͦģҵҿǺѰģһҪһһѵѪѪƣЩ΢Щֻڰа취԰ɡ
˵
ǵǣҪѪѣС𣿡
ݺһ䡣

һ룬֪ͨһʥۣҽű㽫ʥ۴Сдˡ
ʥۣλǺݺѪһĹڰİˣ屻׷ɱеҡ
ʥ˵һ䡣
ʥۺܾûдӾĽгˣʱһֱ˼ԼʲôѪڱէȻ㵽˻ҵİǣΪȡ
رǵʥۼݺʱЩޣһ˻ƷŮӶˣһΪͬ顣
ʥ۵Ȼóݺ缫£ԲŸе˼飬ϣĲ˼ȥˣҲֹһ
ݺһʥۣȻ۾ܵܣǽݲؽôһŮʶȻûǱ
˵ʲô
ơ
Ҳû˵أ˵Сͷ˶Ů
ݺԴƺ൱Ȥ
Ƴһۣ֪Ҹ㣬кܶأꡣ˵ĻСп϶Ҳ˺ܶаɡ
ʾֱӻػʵݺ˵̫ˣһ²С
ݺЦǲ٣һҺСеĴڻ಻ʶֻСһְˡСеŮǺѣ

˵ɴա
һôɣҪҵ磬ûôס
̾˿ΧɨһۣȻһ㶣Ϊһ۵꣬ĳ߹
ǣ
ţǻѾ˹Сѹһ䣺ǲʥ۴ˣ
⻰ǰһ
Ҫ֪һֱԡɽԾӵģ֪ģ֮⣬Ӧֻкݺʥˣ
ǰô֪ģ
üͷ΢壬΢һ˼ƶϳǰ϶йأҪȻĻ֪ݣ
ˣ֪ʥݣǺݺ֮ǰ֪ʥ۵Ĵڵġ
ʲôˣ
ʵ
ݺһҲȫѪɫȻУǻֳκο֮̾ͻᶯֽɵ
繫ӵѣܲȴʥ۴˵Ȼλȥ繫ӣ
ǻʣδر⣬ֱӻش˵̧ͷ˫Ŀ֮дϣλɷǰȥһ繫ӣ
⻰ӦģܿƶϳͼĻҪ飬ȻϳֱԸˡ
ԣ˵ģ
ţȥɡ
˵ͷڵҪβҵأû뵽羹Ȼ
λǣ
ǻȻɻĿһԵĺݺʶλѪ
кݺѪһĹҵѣһȥˡ
˵
ڵλã϶Σ˽һЩҲǴݺݣЩɻ󣺡Ѫ²̫ʺϲ͵
޷ܰæġ
ݺ΢΢һЦδʲô֮ԴЩͣѪһĹȻûк»ʲôֱӷһ棬ǶҲãǶԺݺİΣҲã˵Ʒ㲻ġ
⡭
ǻĬһˣ繫˵ˣһжĶˣûĻ˸Ҳԡ
Ǿ߰ɣݺһõ֮һ
˰˵ȻҪźݺһġ
ǻŵ˵ͷȻֱӳƫƧ˹ȥʮ֮һһΧû˵ĵطȻ߶ȻһϢηܡ
ʱӡǣͨʱӡǣܴ͵繫Ǳߡ
˵繫ӵĴΣգҲѡȥ繫˵ˣǵġ
޷߰ɡ
Ȼ˵Ȼˣܼĵ˵ͷ
ţǻ߶еʱӡǣȻʱӡǵȫ֣Ϣη£ߵĶûκ˵ע⣡

׹˸ſ۾ԼһޱڵĶߵУƺһΧĶھȻĳ̽ԡ
ڵĲ֮ˣ
ͺݺʶʩչƿطԼϢͬʱΧɢ̽ȥܿͽеˡ
һ«εĶߣûжڣȫյĶߣһﳤѨʮ档
̽⵽˲ٰǿߣⶴߵУǱ׷ɱ
ڶûжڣⶴΧĶ̽⣬ʱ˵ﻹǱȽϰȫġ
ܿȺҵ硣
֮ǰǴǹĻѾȳȺĳ˹ȥǳ籼йȥġ
繫ӣʥ۴˵ˣ
ǻЩ˵ͬʱĻѪһĹˣ
Ǿ仰ֱһȻ󲨣ѪһĹȻȻӦѺõһɣ
ڰܲãѪæĻҪ˵ͽˣǶʵٷһҲȫ°
ٰĳߣѾĥҪβܰѪˮѵõһᣬһ̵Ļᣡ
ԴˣݺȻǲ֪ģֱӴʥһȺе硣
Ȼڣÿ˶ֶ̽ΣҲû̫վҲ˹
ܿ˫һ
֣ȵˣǱǸԼҪṩһȵڿԱȫˣ
ЩЩھΡ
ô£ͽ壬ôԸǰ壿
Դǰ˼⣬ȱʡ


1138 
⣬εЦЦȻشΪǺӹż¶
㽫ص֮ϸһ顣
ԭ֮ǰ֮Ա׷ɱΪ͵˺һöʥöʥϴãߵ츳һ󵵴Ρ
һֱʥǺŲʸãǴγ⣬Ҳ֪ǺʥֻǸܵͷ̺ͦʹֱ֮ӳԵˡ
Ϊˣ˺׷ɱһ͵ʥһǳԵʥ磬ϴ裬츳ܶ࣬Ҫ֪ԭͺˣһǸˣ
ͰһֱǾϵǵȻۿ׷ǺӹżҲҪɵ
ʱͽһֻܸзϢ֮ӽǺӹżȻ˺Щ顣
֮类峤ذǣκͽȴǺӹżɥˣ
ħڵĺǿߣҲɥûлܹصǵģֻ⼸֮ˡ
һ嵱Ȼ˹ѯʣҲȻʵ棬˵˹壬ȻκħˣȫǱɱˡ
Լòӳպü˰ĳѡ
Ϣȥ˵ע⣬ܿǲܶؾǿߣǰǺӹż̽Ѱ䡣
ֻϧǲδҵκιϢ
Ҳý˵Ļ˻ɣϱкڽ䣬ýպͺ׼Ը塣
飬ȻֻǸߣʵϣ֮ռݵԴ࣬ǵۺ죬ڽ֣ȫ˳µ顣
ԣһ԰սˣҶ飬ǲ̫ģ彮ÿ궼ΪĶĳͻìܣǲܷסġ
ʱѹ˫ѾˣһҲҪֱӲܣֱӽˡ
ԣ塢ͺߣûŵ¿սˣͽʵԶ壬ԺܿͽΧռˣֻʣһǡ
ǣǰ򣬱ϾҲʮ׵Ĵڣܾռ죬ֱڣϻںܶ෴
磬ڰ岢ѪǼǧ谮һӣֻǸͨĹ幫ӰˣֻǰһȽͨĴǿߡ
·֮󣬰峤ϸ㽫һϵȫ˰壡
һϵ˵ǼĴһ棬ҪԺͽΧˣһ棬Ҫ԰ϵĵжԡ
ʲôΣϸȻˣ
ԴЩȣ벻峤ϸȻˣҴĻУһϵ˲٣ڰռݺܴķأȴֻʣڶڵⲻʮˣȫһϵˡ
ֲá
ɫһⶴߵʱ̽⵽ˣⶴߵУֻ׾Ĵڣǿֻλףʵֱ˵ˡ
壬ֻʣôˣڿԭһϵˡ
ôأҲ׷ɱǣ
ݺһ䡣

뿪ǶǳѣȥĻһᱻǷ֣ʮȫ
ԣ۾Ȼ²Ҵ뿪ϾСģ𣿡
²Ⲣ޵ķʸվĽǶ룬Ҳֻ취ܹѰˡ
ܴ뿪ģҲֻˡ
˵
⻰˵ģӺüȷֻܹ뿪
һڻǵ۾磬һǵ۾ҪͨʱӡǴĻ̫̲顣
ڶ˵СΣ൱ߣ˵ʮˣҪһؾǿߣСǴ룬ǲΣգ˵ǿ߷ͽǽͽˣ
С磬ַĺð취Ҫٵ⡣
һˣû취ΣΪεģһʱӡǴ󸽽ȴһټ̽
ԭˣ취㸸˵𣿡
ʵ
˵ˣǻۡ
ԣ̾˿ҡҡͷϾֻһ㣬Ҳûа취ģҸϵУҲв˲㣬Ҳûа취飬֣ϣܹ˵ҵ岮ǣԸ뵽СУϾΨһһеĳ·ˡ
Ҫ˵ǣûôװ
üͷ΢΢
ܹ˵Щ̣ϾȫʶЩˣǰ岮ǣҪöԷѶȺ
˵ⲻײ׵⣬ǿܲܵ⣡
ҸԸǣҲ˵岮ˣټһúۣÿЩ뿪ΪҵҲҪ̫ʱˡ
绰дĵǡ
ţһ̸йʥ۵Ѫܲ𣿡
һ䡣
ﲻУֻǰĻʹУѪԵİʯ
̧ͷһԵĺݺȻλѪһĹʥǰȥĻʹ϶Ϊӭġ
һҲԡ
ڵ磬ܴǰĻʹˣҪȻǾͶΪԷǧټҪץסء
ҲȥϾǺӹż飬һԷһݣ»ݳһЩʲô˿Ҳ׵οҪĻҪߣ˵Щ岮ǡ
Ͼλףף뵽ĽУ˵Ҳܹǿʵûлһ£ǱȽҪȥġ
ͺ͵¹һڽһϵߵĻֻкôûл
ҵû⣬ܵܣǾͷͷжҴʥۣȥʹѪȰǣǷɹ֮ʱӡǴ󸽽㡣
ݺ˵
š
˵ͷ
ݺǿεģʥ۸ʲô⣬ȥȥһѪҲãһһҲҪ˶ʱ䡣
Һݺȥ֮ҲٻصߣϾǰ˰ʹٻĻһСľͱ¶˵ص㣬»ᱻ˷֡


1139 Ǿٶ
֪˺ݺĴ֮ûж˵ʲôֱӴӻȡһöɫʱӡǡ
öʱӡǣԽֱӴ͵ʹʡ²ʱ䡣
罫ɫʱӡǵݸ˺ݺ
ݺֽӹȻЦлˡ

Ц
ݺӹöʱӡǣȻЩ֣ݺҪʲô
˿Ѿŵζ䲻ݺһ±ϣܵܣǽҾˣǧѽ
һ׵Щ£˵ԭݺЩȽǵľٶ⣬׵һھ̲סˡ
ѵӣϲԼˣ
̲ס뵽֮ǰûô֣ڻƺݺһ֮йǵľٶȻǺݺģƺҲѾķΧ
ܰҿ壬Ѫ幫ܴķ棬ûܿҰ
˼⣬Ҫ֪˫Ĳ죬ʵݵλĲ࣬ҪǣûоԼֳʲôرŮ˵ĵط
ô˵ݺǰһȴʵȻû˵ʲôݺʥۣһ߶ʱӡǴˣֻһ뵣ҡ
⣬֣˲ðòǰѪݵ˰ɣ
ڷ㶣һԵѾ۷Ź⣬ԸոպݺǾٶΪ𾪡
˵ʵѪţŵģֻһֱûܼڲˣѪȻһڣ൱ǵӡ
ѵ˵еѪ˷ģ
̫࣬壬ҵ壬ԶأοһֱԸ񡣡
˵
һֱǣѵƽʱҲױˣͱôǣ
Ȼʵ
ûлش𣬲ƺݺûкͱǹǺĵܵܺױĻҲ㲻ʲôȴδ
ݺƺԷҲֻһôǡ
Ȼ˵ǿһ˺ˣȥ˵Щ岮ɣҪǲϸߣǺ鷳ء
ţҲԡ
Ҳæ˰֮ģ֪ڶ˵ҪʲôǾǴⶴеʮ壬ǣ
һ𣬳Ŷ߸ȥڶĸ೤һʲô
磬ˡ
ĸ׳˵ǳȣɼԸҲǱȽص͡
ţλһֱ˵ֵˡ֣λҸףס
͸໥һ
ǰá
˵ͷʺá
š
ڶһƬڣ׳ʲôԾƿ̽⣬Ҳֻ̽⵽ǸȽϿĺӣʲô̽
ʶ̽⣬ȫ۵ġ
˸ףոպһѪһĹڴȥʹѪˣһɣʥǰܿǴеİ塣
ص˵
塭ǲǣϵѾ;ĩ·ʱ򣬾а壬Ҳûʲôϵˡ
Աһ˵˱岮֮һһλ׾ǿߡ
λڵֶ˵ˣλԸĻҵȷλСУȻԴλ뿪ǡ
˵
Сֵܣǲ㣬ֻҪ˵СУ黹
ʿΪѵ˵
Ҳ˵̬ڳ׸֮⣬˼̬Ͼǲʶ
ƾһ֮ʣֱܵСȥһʲôģǱˣ
ǣһֱҲǰ취²죬ͽ壬ͻϰһ·ҵôӲдվҪ糢һΣԲԣ
Ȼ֪ҪβȰԷβȰβпȰ飬ô˵ԷҪŶǺѵģҲ֮顣
⻰˳˼ȴ˳ţѪ幫ʲôϵҸоĹϵΪǡ
ֻѹϵˣһ飬ԹϵȽϺðɡ
ʵ˵һͷֱԼͺݺµĻЩ˿϶ԸĽȥ˰ɣ
ȴô˵
֮ǰƭħ˵Լӣ̵δ֮ģΪ˱סԼں˵˵
ڣûѵıҪʵ˵ˡ
һԣȴͼӴ׵ʲôѹϵոնôˣ϶ˣʱǣԺҲ϶ǣҿóѪ൱ء
ˣǵûˡҪѪվߣǻҪʲô
һ峤̾˿
ȴ뿪ǿǰѪ壬ǶռһǺӣǿٳһ棬ӦҲûʲôġ
ջջ󣬶Щеİ˵
޼ҿɹ飬Ҫ˵Դûˣ˵ѪǺиṩһǶԼֱ˵ˡ
ϧЩȫܾ
˵ȥѪǺӵ棬ƾʲô˵Լ˵ˣѪֻͨѹϵӰ쵽Ѫľ
һ
˱һݺҪúݺѪˮļһֻϧ֪
Ҳ˵ˣֻпܶѣһеȻҲҪԼȥȡֻǴȻǲԸߵĻǾˣ¶˵Ҳûʲôô
˶Է˵ĻҲЩˬˡ
ҪȶԷģԷ˵ĿôôǷأҪǿϣתˣЩһ
˺ˣ˵㣬Сֵܿǻźǵġ
װ˰֣ȵ˵ҿΨһĳ·ȷǸСֵܱȥ
ס绹һڰߣ
ȥû˵ʲôֻǹ۲ЩˣЩ˵ûздʲô
Ǻйأ뿪ϳߵĹؼ֮һ
ЩƺΪ֮䣬Բδʶһ㣬˵ǲûǸйȥЩңԶ顣

ۣ˵Щ˶뵽Ľʱ򣬺ݺѾʥۣŮͨʱӡǣ͵˰Ļʹ
ʱ˿̣ĻʹҲǱȽϻңʱӡǴڴȴҪõöˣûֵٵ֡
߰ɣǽȥ
ݺ۾ݣʹһѪӦûʲôġ


1140 
ݺʥ۳ŰĻʹȥ
ʹȻطһЩҲǱȽϻңҲſһվţȴֻǵ۾εҪؾǿӲǾԵֵס
ʥһʹһߴһݺͻȻʵݺǲʲô
ʵЩʵģֻЩûʣֻʥᣬʥʳʱ򣬻ԵЩ˼
Һûʲôѽ
ݺЦҪϲܵܣ;ȥɣСӻء
ǵûֻЩ棬ܵӡ
ʥҡҡͷ
ôˣ˰ʹܲԳʲôѪˣܵ˵ƺͦء
ݺ΢΢һЦȻ̧ͷͼڰʹſڵһʮ˿̶ǼΪŵӡ
ϾŮӣһλǣȻý
λ
һ˿ڿˮվ˹ŵһ䣬ƺʲô
⣬ݺֱ˵ѪĺݺλѣʥۡҴһѪ𣿡
Ѫģݺ
ԣüͷ΢壬һæݺѪ幫ÿˣ
һȺԣʱȫˣæɢ˻ʹűϣѪˣ룬ȥΪͨ棡
ֱܽ˻ʹУӦȥ֪ͨǿˣǶ˿ݺʥ۵ǰ·;
Ṳ̊ǰУܿͽ뵽˻ʹУȻͼмǿ߼ҴҵĸϹ
Ѫˣ£Ȳ֪Ҫ
Ϊ׵һ΢ֵİǿߣǴײεĴڣеλҲˣԺݺȴǼΪ
Ҫ˵սҵİ壬ƽİ壬ǲѪȻ
޷ȥѪͿˡ
ݺ۾ֱ˵˵
ǣǣɣ
΢ֵİףæתȥǰ·
ڰ˵ѪʵǸȻҲܹ˱ϥˣϾѪ彻õĻ˵֮ĺô
֪ǣڱֶãݺĶڰʹеİ壬ȫġ
ѵʱЩ˾Ȼͬ壬һ׷ɱǡоߵоҪѪ巢飬;ԲģضѪŽһĶԿУ²Ƕ֣Ҳܵͬĵز
ʵݺͲܶЩʲôøˣҪҪʥ۹ѪЩ档
ܿ죬ʥ۾ͺͺݺһ˰ʹһɭϵĹ֮⣬ݺŷɭϣȻʹſҪǿٱֹλ׾ʮ֮࣬кܶλסλԱߡ
ǰļ̳صأɭϡѪ˵Ļǿһͬȥ޷޷ġ
΢ֵİĵЦţȻŮ̳˽ȥ
̤̳һΪʥϢӭʥ۸оһּΪϤζȷţԼǿ϶ϵģ
ˣֻҪվǰֻɫϣܹ֪Ѫʲôˡ
΢ֵİʥ۹˵δΪʥֻе۾κӡ
һΪʥǺݺѣһ棬΢ֵİ壬ʥҲо˸ӴİϢЩ²⡣
Ѫ幫һģôѰĴڣ
Ҫ˵ʥûʲô֮Ųţ
ԣ΢ֵİʥҲ˿ҵȫǰѪһλġ
ʥ۰סԼļ飬˼̳һֻɫֻɫ˻󣬳ɻ࣬źܶ׵ëɢʥâϢ
ʥⲽ̤ȥʱһʥ͵Ĺâȫһַǳĸо
ҪôʲôѪ
ݺһԿȻʵѪһеҲвѪĶֻɫ򲢲ͬһ̯ѪأɫҲЩġ
ǰѪܹΪŵȣϵϹŵİѪΪһѪ츳ҲǿģѪѾûгֹˡ
΢ֵİ׽˵Щ꣬С඼ǵĵȣȵѪԭ츳ǵѪҲȥ˵֮ܶǰǰѾ˵ûˣ
˵΢ֵİ׺꣬رڰ屻塢ѹΪʹ̲סصģǰĻԻ;
磬ȻǵѪ
ݺ۾δֻţڰ壬ȵѪֻһˣȫǵĵȡȵѪ
ֲã磬ҪϾɱúݺðЩûѪԡ
Լ츳СȻͳȥñ׷ɱֻаЩһóˡ
˼ҵ֮£ݺҲȥܣֻʥۻӵѪϢʥӦҲڰģѪϢƺҪһЩ
⣬⣬⡭һѪѪ
ȻݺԵ΢ִ׶ʱгĿż̳룬ֻɫʾɫâ¶һŵı顣
Ѫ
ݺԣ۾ʼնųʥڵķ򣬵ȻʥȫɢɫĹâֹâȫڣ˿ޱȵʥࡣ

΢ֵĴޱȼ˵ǰѪԽǿǳɢĹâ̶ǰɫâԽ覴ãѪԽµȣڣڣλʥ۴ϵĹâûκһ˿覴ãǰѪһȵѪ
˴ԣݺҲЩȣ벻ʥۻǵһȵİѪ⵹⡣
ܵܵľĽУŲܰԼǴСгģʥۣӦȱ۷ӡھĽ˰ɣֻ˹
ݺܴһӾͲµĿԣֻҪ֪ʥǴӾĽгģ׾Ͳ²⵽
΢ֵİĴȴ֪һ㣬ԣԵޱȵ˷ܺͼͬʱӵɻ
ûаˣôͻȻһ
ѵǰ䵽İ᣿
Ҳֻôˡ
ˣʥ۴ˣҪҪǰͣһдģ⣬ǰ峤ͳǣ϶ҲһһֵİѪ
΢ֵİ׼˵


1141 ֮
ʥ۴ֻɫʱ򣬷΢ֵİɫѾˣԼʱǳ˷ܣڿһöء
Ѫ
ʥ۵ȻҲǰ׺ͺݺĶԻ֪ԼԳǰѪȻƲһ
ȷǰѪȷģڼصУû˵Ѫܹų˴İ׹⣡
˷ܼ˵
ȻѾԳˣҲˡ
ݺӭȥʥЦЦ˵类ЩżŮǲˣԳûˣˡ
ˣ⣬⣬Ѫĳ֣ǰĴ£ô˵Ӧøǰ峤һɣ
΢ֵĴЩˬˡ
ţ
ݺ۾Щ
⣬ûûʲôߣû˸ġ
Ǵ亹͵ˣҪ˵ˣǰ峤ˣҲܶԺݺκβ
ҪȻѪǿ߽ٵĻ嶼һĶ֡
Ǿͺá
ݺǴ˵ĵ˵ͷʥֱӳż̳֮˳ȥ
ˣˣʥ۴˻
΢ֵİԱ߹ĹͻȻ뵽ʲôæ׷ƺʲôҪ˵
ôˣ
ݺȥЩˬˣôô
ģǰ壬һֻаѪĳԱططܾûѧˣʥ۴ҪĻҵǿȡ͸ʥ۴ˡ
΢ֵĴĵ˵
ֻаѪİطѾûˣɴ˿ɼ̶ȣ
˵ϹʱڣҲʵ൱壬ľǰѪĶǿ߰ɣطֵһʥۣͲҪƴˡ
ݺʥ˵
š
ʥ۵ȻҲ֪ȻֻаѪܹڰûѪģô͸طҲпԭˡ
ҪǣҲݺʥ۽ãóʥۺͺݺϵöʥۣ϶ҲúݺǰøУպ˵ʲôæ
طҲû˿Ҹʥ۵ֻǸƳĸԭط
ݺʥ۱ԭصȴܿ΢ֵĴױ㽫ط򸱱ȡ˹ݸʥۡ
ͬʱǴһģһڰĴϣݺʥ۵һҲǼ侪ޣ̾͹İݼ˲ҽһԼ
ݺȻֻ֪ǹ죬ֵģϧǺݺʥ۱ЩӡͺܲˣԷô飬Ҳ޷ıǶĿ
ô˵ЩͬŮ伫Ϊġ
ȻⲢŮеõһЩöһΨаѪĳԱܹط֮𡱣
֮ط֮ÿһأһ֧ë֧ëúܶ࣬ʩչȵȣһжǿģھأͬʱо֧֮ôʩչ󡢹ҪԶͬʿֵͬʱܹӵѹ̬
ǸҶڰ˵ûˣûã͸ʥ˳ˮ飬˵޹ؽҪҺܻ顣
ֻϧǲ֪ʥۺͺݺȫվߵġ
֪Ļ˵͸֮طˣѪԵʱ򣬾͸úһȺ˽ǰΧˣͽǿߣ϶ץסǱ䡣
ֻϧʲô֪
ΪݺݣټʥǰѪԷֱӱסˣûжԸǣͳط
ʵǺܺЦһ飬ݺж̲סڿЦЩǰûҪֳˡ
λҪ뿪𣿲ڰǶһ
İĶŮʵ
ˣ̫ңպҪǰһ㣬һʥһھͲˣҲ֪ʥ֪ԼѪȥºܳһʱ䶼Ҫչ֮ˡ
ݺ˵š
Ǳһ̰ɡ
ϣ΢ֵĴףһ˵ţôѲ
ݺʥҲȥˣǸҲûʲôв
һ˳Űʹ֮⣬ʮ￪ʱӡǴڴȥǰһУʹ룬ʱӡǴڳбԵ

ʱ˿̣ڵǸߵС
˵˵£硢׸ϵЩ˵ˣҪ뵽ľĽУĴ뿪ǡ
Ϊ˵ףЩʮˣûκȥϣڶȻܶһʱȴԶȥ
һûκλ뿪ǣڶһǱ־ֻȫ·һ³
£ֻʣΨһѡǾǵСȥ뿪ǣĻôһʱҪƿǣҲȱͽúá
οôҪãӦòͼɣһ˵ǺѪʥŮϵܺõģôǣҪʲôĻҪЩˣʲôı
෽ؼһЩ˶
ǣľĽٴζʮ˳ʮȫǰĳԱȽ˾ĽУǵһνˣһΣھĽһ⿪ٳһΧðʮͣ
ھĽУϵ֮⣬ʮ壬ʮ壬ȻǲùͰ໥֮Ļġ
壬ǶھĽˣЩֻסԲҪṩǣֻҪ뿪˰ǣͿǳˡ
ȻھҪǰĶԼˣȥѪǱߣкݺĹϵڣӦûܵõһ
ʮԱȫͽ˾Ľ֮ϵԣײЦ򣺡Ƕˣһ·Ͽˣ޷ΣգǳæϾ֮仹ףλס
û⣬Ȼڰǵʱǲǳġ
΢˵
ʮ˽˾Ľ磬ԸܵǰǿŰɵʵսΣգֱӽþĽ˵ǿ˵ĽˣȴǿʵĽĻʵʮ
Ȼ򲻵ᶯֶΣϾԾĽɺܴˣҪ֪ʵɶǴġ
ȷ˶뵽Ľ֮ȡһöʱӡǣ߶׼͵ǵʱӡǴ󡭡


1142 Գ
ĳУǵıԵͨѪǺӵʱӡǴѾ׼ϣֻһǧ˶㹻ң뵽оͿˡ
߶ʱӡǣֱӳʱӡǴ󸽽һ۾ͼ˺ݺʥŮڴӳ߳ŮǸźüޣȫǴ׾ǿߡ
ЩĴףԺݺʥŮϹϾģƺڲֺͣŮ⵹΢΢һ̡
벻Ѫһ幫ݣȻô㰡
ţ㳯ŶԷӭ˹ȥ
ˣ͵Ϊֹɣ뿪ˣպпգй֮⡣
ݺȻͷȥЩĴ˵
ܹĴףҪʱӡǴ˵Ǿ֮꣬ʵҪͽᵽݺݣĿȻǱݺ
õģˣһ·ߺãӭǶͰǰǣǺܾûĿء
ǰĴϺǺЦţԺݺʥ۶ʮ顣
ġ
ݺ˵ʲôϻֱӱʥۣڴ˹ȻҪһǰʱӡǴˡ
㶨𣿡
ݺʵ
ţˡ
˵ͷ
²˳٣߰ɡ
ݺû˷һʱ䣬ֱӳʱӡǴȥ
ĴףԭվĿ뿪ڣΧĽֵҲ˺ܶ࣬ϾôʲôģҲû˸ҵŴǿߵɰ
ʱ˳ĻһоͶͻʲôģԶȥ֮һʱԺúϢˡ
⣬Ƿˡ
˳ʱӡǴȥʱ򣬸պһȺ˴ʱӡǴ˳һȺɫףȻǽһǿߣ
Ϊ֮ˣһߣǽĴϣ
Ĵ󣬻߰׾ǿߣԼʮλײεޣһ˵ķ֮һˣ
ãǽˣ̣ҪǸϾɱˣ
ݺһʱͲ˲Ǻɱ˽̫ӣȻ̫ӵݷǳҪҪýȫķ֮һҪΪ䱨
֮ǰ׻ϵʱ򣬽ɢ˸ҥԣҪץסͺݺֻϧӵ̫죬ý˸ա
ڣ˾Ȼҵ˰
ôҵģ
ݺɫһȫ벻ס
ʱ䣬ûиܵκ֮οڰϻݽϷҪ˵֮©ݵĻԷҲӦô죬Ҫ֪ǵڣҲ͹ȥһʱѡ
Է̫죬ͺݺЩ⧲
ߣ˴ǴͳȥļʮҵˣµҪǻҪӣ
ϣߣֱЦݺг޾ĳ֮
ǰΧ
Ҫһ£ǿߣԼʮλףͬһʱɢͺݺʥȫΧм䣡
⸽Щ·߷׷𾪣һ׷׳ԶȥΪǿƺҪһսҲʮףԻԳɺܴƻǲĻ»Შǡ
ողűϹϾڲϰͽźݺףһʱסˡ
ô£
ιʲôѵҪɱѪĹɣ
΢ֵİѹ²ѯš
ô֪ʲôòҪ֣徹Ȼôףڱصã϶Ѫʲôˡ
ϳ˵
ǵȻ֣֣Ҳǽô˵ĶְǾϷ
΢ֵĴЩɻ
Ҫ֪ǰǣǰ﷢ô飬ǲվ˵ĻƺԵ̫Щ
Σڼ䣬òҪˣ飬ǲҪΪһԿɣ㶪ҲνЩӣǰ嶪ӻ𣿡
һ˵
ǡ
΢ֵĴ̵ͷӦǡ
ףܿ;һԿϷ֡
ʥЩ޺޲ƽ
ĸϼһոջֵĺһһǿн٣Ȼ̾ήˣǻǰĵأ
ʥ̲ס²˵
Ҳûָǻǣֻ̬תҲ̫ˡˣԼӦˡ
ݺҲ֪ܲǰĸǲָˡ
ܶԸ𣿡
Ҳȫû뵽Էô׷ԷĿƺǴǳһ·׷Ѱ˺öطˣڶµͺݺ
ȻȽѣɵŽҰ
ݺѯʣʱЦһȻ񲢲رһ
Ϊ죬˵ݺȻ󣬵ȴվֻλףвࡣ
ԸһףеܺϣģҪͬʱԸ˸ףлиǽϣԽѰ׵Ĵڡǲܵ飡
ݺദôãûʲôĵˣѵڣͻʩչǵˣ
ǺǣҪ飬ֱӽɱѪǱߣϷȥӦ
ϣ˵ţݺڿһ
֣
һ£ΧףԼܹ׾ǿߣ׷׳źݺˣ
ӦܵסЩһҪסȽһһǾ͸ˡ
ݺ״ֱӶ˵Ȼһ̧֣Ѫɫӿ˲仯һѪý磬۵֣ͨ˲佫ǰȫڣ
һ˲䣬׼ᣬֱӳź˿ǰ׵İΧȦ
ס˸ףʮλסСģҾ԰ɣ
ҲֳһĨɫ
֪ݺ޵ķʸȻ˵ܵסЩȻҪһν˹ĴǶǿߣʱ˿̶ݺѪý֡
˵Ѫýֲ˶ãôܽλס׾עȫס
ʣľͲôˣֻλףԼλףܹʮˣҪԵĶ֡
ݺλ׺ʹѪýڣֻʮ׾ǿߣ⣬ǿΧȦһʱ䳯Ϯɱ
ƾһˣֵܵǣֻܽ˰æˡ
һֱӴӾĽк˼˳濡һϦ軹ջīˣЯŵӾĽд˳


1143 Ѫɫ
ƿ޹ŵϦƿŵһƿػȪŵջīƿصŵŵͬʱľĽг֣Ȼԡ
ʥۣȻصĽȥ̫Σˣ
ʥͻ˾Ľ磬Ȼ̧ͷĸͬһʱ߶ԼƿصĹŵŵ˲໥ںһγһ͵ķϡ
֮ڳг֣γһȹΧϦȫǲУڷ趯ֵͬԽʮؾǿߡ
λףλףʮ׾ǿߣֻǸ̽ϢģҪսΧݺİףʮλס
Щλλףһǵ۾һѹûУҪ˵ǵ۾ˣһλǰʮΧҲǱɵģ
СӾȻҷĸһƺͦ͵ġ
ʲô磬С磬׳գСӵһС磬ǧҪˣ
˻ǿĵϸЩϾСڣʹкпؾǿߣκγ̶ȵ߶пܴг֣
ֻǽг۾۷СආҲͷһЩ
ȻܿǾ֪۾۷ġСආɾԲֻСආô򵥣ŵ൱Ǿʹ٣Ѿܹӳŵһ
֣֮ػĸΧǱС
ʮλ׺λǿߣͬʱ˹ƣɫ裬ɽģɵģҲɹģԼɫ籩꣬һϵпֲƳڴӿϮ
ӣСҪˡ
ԶΧ۵İǿߣδҪְæһΧۣʱָָ㡣
ǱͲʶֻ֪Ѫ幫ݺѣЩݺþȣˡ
ԣʮؾǿߣֲޱȵĹƣȴ޶ԣһͷ㡣
ǵ۾ĸ۾۷塭ζֵܵĹƵġ
ҲֻǱѪһˣҸոȥһ£ԭСӺѪһ𽫽̫Ӹɵˣֲôŭ׷ɱ
ԭԹڣһѪ˹ҲǲӦðһѣȻѪ幫ɵĻ
ٵȵȣʣ˵ʱʲôⷢ
󣬼ԭزȴ㡣
ߣ֮ܵʮؾǿߵֹһӾͿʼ
֮ԭȱʱԵֵԵ֮ʴҹڣ֮ѾٲȱΪջīƿصĵŵķ
ԣȻʮؾǿߵͬʱ֮ȻҲȫֵһʱ֮䲻бƵΣգ
סˡ
վ޹ŵͷԵ൱С˺飬ճֵʱէȻʮؾǿߣлǻһ¡
ڷԼȻܹŵסؾǿߵĹ΢
ϦҲǴվɭȻɲŵϷȫϢӣΪҪһЩﵽһǵ۾߳Ϊؾǿǰ㲻ʲô
ŵһϣҪȻĻ
Ϧһ£ֱ֮ܵڲڶԷʮؾǿߵֺ£ƺԵҡҡ׹
֣ƺŵںһĳĹ
վ룬ŵİΧ£ҲԵúСʱ˿̣ŵںһĳʼ
ܿ죬ͷ֮ǰ΢һĹɱ
ˣɱйǾ۶ûȫģȴƾ˴ŵ˾ʹ
ԣŵۣܹҶɱ΢ǿһЩڣܹɱйʩչŵеܹʮؾǿߡȫնɱ
Ȼʼ٣ڸ˻Ϊʱ磬ôⶼֻһ²⣬ʵΣÿܲ򵽸ɱ
ߣʱǵֵסˣòԶݺҲ΢
Сӣûʧʮ׶ܵסȻˣҲˡ
ݺסʮؾǿߣ¶һĨɣȻоԼ֮ǰʩչѪý磬ѾҪԷƽˡ
ôٶȣͷһһζԷǰ֣ʮλףҲûôˡ
Ѫýܹסôǿĸʱ䣬Ѿ൱ˣ
ƾԼѾ޷ӦǰˣԣҲֻжѾõɱﵡ
ɡ
ݺһ̧֣һѪɫȫӳһ֮üѪɫӰȻСг֣
ЩѪɫӰܿ˵ǰ˺ݺΧԿЩӰֻͬһĶȻЩӰÿһӵλ׵ʵ
ܹʮѪɫӰףλףƺܹ໥սӳǿս
Ѫɫǣôʮͷô࣡
ʮѪɫӰֱ֣ӽЩǿ𾪵
ѪɫǵȻ֪Ϊ֪һβŻǲôǿ߳ǽȫķ֮һĶսˣ
ǣȴû뵽ݺСУȻʮѪɫ
ѪɫʮǹǰδǰֹΪ£ҶҪǱڿʼǾͻῪʼִԼʹ
ݺ˵ţʮѪɫı£Եõ
ԳʮǿߣҲη壬ΪѪɫηһ˵սǳͬ޵ġ
οݺֻҪѪɫԱ׾ٿýʧأ
ѪɫֻѪѪɫĳطƳĿܣֻͬսĹߣҲˣƾͿˡ
ЩǿߣǻҪˣڽ˵Ǽʧ
ȻʮͷѪɫƳɱ϶Ҳ൱߰ĴסλҪɲٵġ
Ҫ
ĴϣҲߣ̧Χǿ߲ҪҶͬʱźݺƺʲôҪ˵


1144 Ѫɫ˫
ô˵ʲô
ݺѪɫı΢һ£ȴףԷȻΧˣô϶һģضǽѪɫڡ
ȻѪɫ˶ԷĹƣԷܾڷѾ൱ѪˣҲû˿ͽĿܡ
ԣЩڿ϶ôҪɱݺ
һ㣬ݺķǳʼձž衣
ʮѪɫǳǵԤϣƾҪɱ㣬ȴǳ롣
ߵ˵֮ԾôΪ̫ӱ㷢սҪǴӦĻǱһһһɾɵöˣΣ
㵹Ǵ˸⡣
ݺ΢̣Һα㵥еɱңû͹ʧҪҵȴ¡ɱЩѪɫȥٻʱƳ
㣡
һʱݺ⻰Ǻ˻ʱɫһȻðΣȥɱһݺ˵òʧ
ĿͶһԵ˵ɣҪǲҵұ˸ȥΧɱǸСӣҵҪͻô˵İΧȥ𣿡
仰һʱúݺɫһ䣬ʶԱߵһۡ
Щû뵽ԼСУĻԼЩǿȴҲǲܡ
סʮλ׺λףǿӦԣ֧ŵѪɫųġ
ڣǽ˵ģһЩȥΧɱôɣ
ΪݺȻԵֵһȺˣҪͻǵİΧȦҪһʱ䣬ʱڣֻҪλ׹ȥ϶ֱܽӸɵˡ
źݺɫǽϾ֪仰Чˣ̲סһ䣺СӣȻһСǰģ˷ѽ⡭
ðɣҴӦˣǰɣϣ㲻Ҫڡ
ݺʱ˾
ʹײεǿ߶սûйκ֮ǰͬεĶǽĴϣϵʵڴ׾ǿжǴΣ
֮ǰʥĹеʱ򣬺ݺһѰĴͷΪƶе޲ߣڶԸһǿĽϣпܳ⡣
ӦͶԷҲû취Ϊ뿴ɱ
ʮͷѪɫΧɢȥ˽֮ˣȫ뿪ȥһΧڣֻʣºݺͽˡ
һǽ϶ʱٷϻ˸ɫֱӳźݺһֱһƷ

һʱڳ۳ɫâУȻǴǰ̫ʩչһֶΡ
ɫâһγһֲУźݺڴȻ
ƿأѪɫӰ
ݺһʱʩչһе۵ͨ˵صľƿط˲˻һɫӰһԶȥ
ǿֲĽɫУֱ׷ǵɫӰҽУ˲佫䳹
ȴδɿɫ
һоͽݺɵˣ
⵱ȻǲܵģոǱĺɫӰֻǺݺһӰı壬ڽٵǣ̽ͨ޷̽⵽ݺıʲôλã
ͨѪý磡
һѪɫĹӰȻ˽ȻУѪý磬е۵ͨǺݺʩչҲǺһУܹڻþУ޷԰Ρ
ոʩչһͬʱԸԷʮ˶ܹסʱ䣬ڵԸһϣܹʱȻһЩ
ֵעǣǵڶѪýˣԻһЩ
Ѫý֮󣬽г׳Ѫ֮ɫһþԺУ޷ѡ
С
һ˫Ŀ֮оȻ͸һĨ⣬һĨ֣ΧѪ֮ɫĻþɾ
һƷԽĵʩչܹþ֮ĹȻǿֵطȴǽѪýƵġ
ʱڣݺҲûдŲ
ƳѪýʱ򣬺ݺȥĹѾ٣һѪɫѾУȻȻ
Ѫɫ
ѪһǿƷһмǿĹֶΣѪɫĽ˰ΧȻ󳹵ױ
ֲѪɫϢȻѪɫĳУʱ˸һ⣬ϾȻֱ¶˱壬ǿµչǽԱ徹Ȼϰɣ
֮β˦һ󾢷磬ݺҡΣɫδһɫڣźݺڴϮ
ɫڣÿһ֧ڵƻɱһλ׵ߣڣݺĽɫڣʮϰ֮࣬ΪΣգ
û취ˡ
ݺɫһ£ٲ¶ĻǲܶԸˣһ̣һѪɫľͳͻȻ֣˲ſ͹µĽȫ
Ѫһ壬䱾ƣѪɫѪǿһ֣ҲѪľֶͨΣһѪɫйء
Ѫֻſ˳ʱ򣬲Ƿӳʵ
Ѫɫ˫չȻ󽫺ݺ˰УɫͬһǶ˫ϣȻ޷ƣ
ô
Զ۲ߵʱЩȣ״μݺ仯֮ǰÿһζԭ򣬻ݺΣδ¶
ڣݺǰһ¶壬ʾ˼ǿս
Ѫɫ˫ȻӵǿķܹԽһ磬ֵסǿߵƣ
Ѫɫ໥ײֲըøռ䶼Ϊ֮
ǺǡСӣڿɲǿ˵ʱŶ
ʱһа˹ȻΧһλףѾһѽɫУǰѽɫзƣȻ֮󶼸ѳһССȱڡ
Ȼȱڲ󣬵ȴҲ־ʮλ׺λףܹͻƾ֮ˣ
̾;Ųûֻ۲ݺսǲϵڸŵպʱѾɱ˸һ
ܹʩչйжôǿ
ܲܽЩλסλ׵ֵס
֪ʱ˿̣ѾܵڣɭȻɲ𽥷ǻȪ޺͵Ǵŵչ


1145 ɱ
ɱ
Ǵʲôطδ˵Ĵڣݺˣȫ֪ʲô
ΨӾ۵ĴеõɱǹǾ۶䱦Ķ֪Ǿжǿ
ֻһ˿ҲϮǿĶ֣ܴﵽʲô̶ȣûгԹͲ֪ˡ
ڣĹɭȻɲɢ濡Ϧ衢ջīͶһ˶ܵˡ
һϵƿصŵϣӵϣƺڽŵ
ô£
ЩŵȻˣ֮ѾΧЩλ׺λ׿ʼƻڲ취ĻºܿǾȫˡ
ڣ쳣ƺʲô취ӦڵɭȻɲϢ濶ܵһֲ
ֲΪǿΪϢʣһϢЩƣɭȻ̶ȣȴԶʤģ
ǺǣýˣҪԸѪûôףǵ۾СӶɲҲΪؾ֮ǿߣ
ƿ˾֮һСλף̺ЦţŽɫâԽĵ֮ȱڲ
Ҳȫۼȱ۽ɫʩչֶͨΣڽһ㣬Ѿ֮ϳƿһ󶴣
λףλףƿǿķϣǰ
ŵɵľֵܹ֮Ѿǳ˲ˣⲢ濵˵ֻŵеˡ
ŵܹԶָ濵ܹãȴ޷ΪУŵȻδĹ⣬֮ȴԷƵûκˡ
磡ô죿
Ϧ̲סһ䣬ЩһֱƿطҳɹȻʱƿȴɲó
ȻصĽ磬ŵ£
һȣȻһ̧֣ԾĽ֮Ϧ衢濡ջīͶһ˰
ԸĻʱܽͻصĽȥ
֣ܿĸȻԸصĽȥŮǳģȻԷĿǡ
ɱĻǶھĽҲûá
һһ濣ûлȥҲûлȥĸվڸƿصĹŵ֮ϣʼŵ͹ȥ
оŵǿˣЩжؼʱ̣˻Լ벻
ûŵʩչɱֱǳ룬ŵǾ۴ʩչɱİɣ
в²ţҲȥˣŵеõɭȻɲв
ⲻ۵ǿȻҲԷʮؾǿ߸оˣǶɭȻɲЩȣȴδôϣϾǵ۾ʵǲ̫ˡ
ýˣ˵СӲɱ̫Ӵ˵װɣֻҪɵڽڵĵλһԵõƷʸҲ˵ء
һλнâ˸ϵɭȻϢЩ̲סǱ仯˱һͷʮɵĽ屾峯ų
ɫ۳Ϊ⣬ڵĿռ串ǣһ̱Ҫɱ
⣬û׼ã
ͷһδ׼ҪʩչɱϾŵûȫչͷŹĻ޷ȫɱ
ΣȻˣҪáţֱӴ߶Ӱ֮飬ʩչǿֶͨΣ
Ҳʱԭͺǵ۾벻Զһ̤Σ֮£ڵĵ֮ͨڷɱ䣬ǰӰ֮顣
ʩչӰ֮ʱ򣬸պͨӻʵͨͻΪ۵ͨ˼Ϊı仯˲仯ޣǰʧˡ
ޣҲθ֪ǣȫʧˣ
˶˶𾪣
СӣôͻȻˣ
һΧ۵İ峤üͷ΢壬Ϊ֡
ѵʩչʲôͨôʮؾǿߵͬʱͻƵǵ۾ֻ·һġ
΢ֵİ׺ǺЦ˵
Ҫǵ۾ܸɵʮףҪˡ
һҲ˵ͷСʩչʲôֶΣ˷ˣѪ幫Թ˲ϾҪ˵ˡ
˰һΧ֮⣬в·ҲԶۿǾȽԶûвͻȻʧʲôֵģֻΪʩչʲôֶΡ
һУĽԼΪް
Ӱ֮飬ոµһҳʩչе۵֮ͨ˳׻ΪޣĽɫͬϮȴȫ˸ա
ţʧˣ˲Ƶطˣ
ʩչֶελüͷ΢壬Щûϵʱʩչǿֶ̽ͨΣΧɢȴȫܲκϢ
Щ벻ˣδκοռģôͻȻͲأ
һ̣ͼĽɫ֮깥ƽ֮󣬾ԭڵĵطһҳһĶȻ֣һӰҳ߳Σ
ˡɱһɱ
ٴγ֣ʱ˿ڽŵȫյԼڣɱֺ֮ĸо
޾ڷӿɱֶΣͷų˲ɫڴܳһգ۹㽫ԷλסλȫС
Щȫǰ͸ģɢɭȻɲϢͷȻʮȴûôϣϾԵΪ̫˰
ôŹֵʽҲû취κǰɣ
ôƨֶΣûʲôӣȴһֿµĸо
һλüͷ΢壬ʮҲֻһЩھȴҲˣЩڽǰΧ֮󣬾Ȼһ̾˲ͬһһʮȫС
ɱҿ㾿жǿɣ
ڴ֮ɫԴŵԴԴӿԽԽɭȻʮؾǿ߶ס
ɱԣɱĵһȾҪɱɭȻʮȫһɭȻɱʼȫ
Ϣ𽥳ʮ


1146 ɱ
λףλףȻܵвȻȴû̫ϣΪҲŸո̤뵽ǵ۾Ϊؾǿʵǲ̫ˡ
Ǻǣе˼ȻΣյĸоؾǿߣɲĵ۾Сӿģ
һλЦһ˲乴СеСеһЩ飬ȫչӳϣһ
ȫ߶СĻܹ˲䱩屶ﵽʮĳ̶ȣöԸһҪǸ̶ȡ
ڣҲֻΪʶĽԲűһС绹ǻһЩˣСǲ
ιԸһ۾㾹ȻСҲ̫˿˰ɣµģ
һλȫû⣬һ߹Цţһߴ߶ڽɫ۳һɫܣΧԡ
ֻһе۵ͨʩչҪֵסЩ
ܿ죬˾ЩˣΪ֣ƾ۳ĽɫܣȻ޷ֵסʴ
ɲģڵУûʲô˻۶ΪĿ
ȻŸոһ㣬ŵȴҲܱĿɱ
ɱɱ
гѪɫΪڲ˿֣
͸ɭȻϢͬһž޴ʮؾǿȫϵ𽥸ʴʮؾǿߵڡ
ŵܿһգʱɱ۳ɵѾʴʮؾǿߵ֮С
ǱСһλףҲû֣͸ڣһӸܵĲԾ
ʴ£ڽѪ⡢ȵȣȻޱѸٵĸʴ
ã
ʮؾǿ߼ͬʱɫû뵽һоȻôǿɱ˿ֲĸʴԣҪѡ
һ˲䣬ʮؾǿֱӻ壬ʮͷɫ˳УȻʱȴٴʩչֶΡ
֮Դ壡
һ̧֣Ϣ˲䱬ԾĻȪϢɢȥֱӽʮؾǿ˵һʱȫֹͣ˼
ȻԵʣԷ̫ãôһ˲䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڱ֮Դһ˲䣬ʮؾǿߣ൱ڷеĵֿʴڵһ˲ѸӣܿӴǵࡣ
壬һٲֻλò̫һͬһ㣬סǵ࣬˲ʴڲ
ʮؾǿߴӾ֮Դѹʱ򣬷ԼѾʴΪأ˽ȥҪĳ̶ȡ
һ¶֮ɫʩչֶҪԼ̷˵ҩʩչͨȴ֣뵽֮ǵκֶΣûа취ˡ
鴫
վԱߣʮؾǿֻʱ䣬ȫûϢһŵϵȥȻѾû
һĻΧΧ۵˶ɴ۾ֱš
һո̤ǵ۾СӣȻʮؾǿ߸ɱˣôܣѵڰаæ
ĶܣϾǵ۾ͬʱնɱʮؾǿʵ̫˼ˣǲŵġ
ʮؾǿߣ򶼲ֻ֮ǰ۳һЩȥסǶܵؾǿߵɣ
˭Աߣ
ߵȻԶϵע⣬߼ֱţԼĽʮһǵ۾Сӵ
ʧ߼ΪŭɱʮˣԲ²Ա߻ˣ˷ŭĺ˳
İ
ݺҲߵʱǰһֻסʮؾǿߣȴû뵽ʮ˾Ȼնɱˡ
ʵһΪ飬ݺûǣڸԷ쵥Ĵ϶ս
ֻһϲȻ̽˼ŵ˽
ڰдҲֳһĨ̫ŵɫϾҲûɱԽɵôؾǿߡ
ȻȫŵеŵеѾһգ¶һλףˡ
ǵ۾̫ˣܹ̤뵽λ׵ľ磬ôҪŵܹʮȫɵ
뵽
ϧҪ̤ؾҪһʱ䣬ϾڲŸոյǵ۾أȥҪٽŵеٵþ꣬ҹŵе޵ġ
Ѿ̤λ׵ľ磬ôٽùŵҲʵʽôࡣ
ڵŵɱƻٰٱλ׵Ļùŵ֮ҲֻܷһЧ
֮ǵ۾ʵԽսɱλ׺λףȫֻܹһΣûһˡ
ңҲΪԷ̫⣬ڸտʼƵʱûбȫ赲֮⣬ȵڣҪЩˣοԾ鱾Դǣǡ
ʮؾǿ߷ֲԾʱѾˣȫʴǵҲ֮
磬̫ˡ
ԲԶϦһӷ˹ǰһС
ҲǻعЦһЦȻСѾͷ§סԾĽ֮ͷųΧϡ
ȻȥɣͺðˣӦûʲôˡ
һ˵ţһϦȫصĽȥ
һΣû˾ܾȫ֮صСУһȥĻŵ
һһӱÿտյֻʣһˣδֹͣͷĶǼ֮ʮؾǿߵĽȫյ˾ĽС
ʮؾǿϣ϶ʮСӡǣ˵дãԽĽ޲ã
Щʬ壬վգûֹܹ
ɶ㲻ú
˶ǽ϶ʱŭıڴﵽ˼£ǰĶ֡ݺ˸Ũɱ⡣
ʮϤ˲ȥ뵽Լõ̫Ҳ̲סˣ


1147 شݺ
ϣǴףʵдУǾǰеġ
չѪɫ˫Ѫ幫ݺҲܲסͷŭһٶɳĽɫֱӳźݺϮ
ɫȫ𵴣µĽɫвڳг֣Ϻըźݺúݺֻܲܡ
˫ӲƴĻݺ϶ǶԷĶ֣ϾԷǽмǿһһˡ
ݺʤٶͦ죬һֱͨ仯ֶΣʱ˿̣ҲڶԷϵͨǿûܱԷһΡ
ȥ裡
ϵٶȻ˲䱬ͬٶȣһɫڳѸߣźݺϷơ
ǽһкǿֶͨΣǱ廯ɫ磬ԼٶȹˣһУڶԸ̫ӵʱҲԻȽϤ
ºݺһҲʱ˿̣ȴҲûа취ΪԷٶʵ̫ˡ
ɫڳвƣƾѾȫ޷ǽߵٶȣֻǿƾƿأǿ֪Էʲôط
ݺͷһҪûƿصĻڿͰˣطʵǺãھܹնԷ٣ȴҲû취ܣΪٶȸڵĽʵ̫ˡ
ǿһ֮󣬽ɵĽɫ⣬˺ݺĴϣϺһѪһȶըɣ
˸ϲЦţأȥСӸˣѪһĹըһȣҲǲˣ
仰ΧڿͺݺԾЩλ׺ʹף׷׽ĿͶ˲Զ
ոǾҪԸˣдϵʱûκԥ
ףʮλף볯˹
Сģ
ݺԼȱըѣѪɣȴڹעߵ̲ס󺰳
㻹˼ȥܱˣϷȥɣΪҿɰᣡ
һЦĽɫ˲ϮһֲĽɫ籩Уݺ˶˹ȥ
ݺֻ̬ˣѪɫ˫˲£γһѪɫϣϳԽϵĽɫ
ܿ죬ǲѪɫϾڶԷǺݺ̫ǶԷʵ̫ǿˣڴ׾У϶һָģǿԸݺı磬Ѫսܳʱ·Ĵڡ
֪ݺϣѹȷܴ󣬲Һܿ·磬û취ֵԷĹˡ
úݺĵģˡ
ϼһ㲻˵ֻҪ㵥Ͳɸȥɱɽ𣿼ȻƻԼҲϻˣѪɫȥ
ݺ뵽ĲʮѪɫԼȥ
ǽϵЦӲ̣ʱˣﾹȻСӣԼ֪ȥĻԼܿҪˣˣСӻܻ𣿡
ʵϣ϶ɱݺĻЩ㷲ģҪȰɵҲΪ˺ӱˡ
ݺûҪɱˣץģʱܸѪ̸УõһЩôֲǽεʧ
ԣݺھǿһ㣬Ѫɫȥȱ
ڵԶԷ׺ʮλ׵׷ɱʮѪɫЩǰ棬ʱǡ
ãѪɫסЩףȥݺ
֪ʱ̣һ㶼̶źݺڴ˹ѾҪˣҪþԷôԲ
ңܶºݺһܣҪƴһǽΣƾŻпܽԷѹסģ
ֻҪѹ˲䣬ܹ֮ͬǰʥĹǸͷһСУһҲɺܶˡ
ʮѪɫʮסλȫסҽĳ󷨣ǳɹ˶Էͻ
Ȼźݺ߳ȴ˶û뵽顣
Сӣʲô
ԶսİǣȫüͷҪʲôѵڰǸǿߣԸǽϣѪȳ
ǼˣҲҪԼȥСӲǵ۾һײεսУûκλĿܣ
֪ھСӿЩŹ֣ƺЩԾĵطǺԵˡ
Ĵ峤ɫһдһĨɻڿСЩ֣ǵ۾ξӵС磬һܽʮλλ׶ɵ͸¶ŹŹ֡
пСУʲôǿ߰ɣҪ˵СӸɵʮףҲŲš
΢ֵİ׺ǺЦš
߰ǵۣȻӰ첻жźݺڴѸǰУǽҲɻˡ
СӣԼ
һЦŻܣҵ治һץõСӾȻҽӽȫȫˣԹñˣ
ʮѪɫЩףλȫסлܵģδܣ˹
㡭
ݺҲû뵽ľٶڴȱɫըѪɣشʮѪɫҲֻһսܽ󷨣ҪôҪôԼ
ֻѡ񣬰ȴû뵽Ҫʲô
ѳ
ݺ̲ס΢΢һЦҲû뵽Լ¾ȻЦóǽεϸֳһĨ
ݺ׼ǵʥĹǸͷ𣿡
ݺԶһȺ˳
һⷬݺжʱһˣͷڻСأͷͷæ˵ʱνͷץԼСġ
Сӡ
ݺ˵ʱһӶԽȥϣӵĳּŹֵֶΣԽ׾ǿ߶סİ
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬ҲԳ˲佫ץԼСУ
Ȼڶþᱩ¶ڣҲûа취ˣ¶ܱԼ˺á
ţڳźݺһ仰̱֮ӾĽȡ˾Ѹײڶ֮ƣźݺڴӳ
һ˲䣬ֲɭȻľϢȫ֣ԭڼ״̬ĽϣһӾʹӽɫ״̬ͣһͷɵĽɫ
˲䣬Ϣ׼Ľ嵱
Ϳҵġ
ݺȻץסᣬС֮˲ӿɵĽɫУҽԼСС
㶨


1148 ֺϻ
ݺ̾ץסĻᣬѪɫ֮ӿǱסĽֱ뵽ԼСС
ʱ˿̣ݺҲѣüΪشһȱֱӺ䱬ֱԽãѪɫ˫֧飬һԱ־Ե˫˺ܶ˺ۡ
صСһСƷǽϣ飬ͽɡ
æǰȥݺĽһ±˻С
ǰǺݺЦƵı⻹һȥסݺںݺѣҲûʲô˼ȥˡ
š
ݺڶһģһΣȫ˳⣬ûʧ
ȻǺܽǼܹȫ뿪ֻҪصԼСȥϳƷ
ԼСУ϶ܹѹסǽϵģȴҲҪ֮СнǽϸɵʧҲǺܴ
ңǽ˵СзƻǶС˵Ҳһѡ
ԣݺαԼСУĻ룡
ڽ֮󣬾ͻصԼСУ飬ȫȥˣһΣˣ϶ľĵĻصԼС硣
ǺݺȴһΣ
СУڴڴŴ
Ҳ֪ˣ𷽲ŵ̲סһ¡
ǿʯʲô䳯ϮʱҾȻ˶û˼ά·ǶһڿɺãСϽС
ɫΪȻ֪뵽˵СУǶôΣյһ
ǴףǴ׾бȽǿĴڣ뵽ݺСУҲ϶ᱻݺƵģ
ƾϵʵ뵽λ׻Ѱλ׵СУల£Ͼʵ̫ǿ֮ѹƵֻʣʮ֮һҲܹѹλ׺Ѱλס
ڣڵСȴںݺ
ݺλеٮٮߣ׵ľҲ಻ԶҪСѹƺݺǲܵġ
ڣѪűشӦûôңңô˵ǶǽҵǲţѪһصСԸң磬ǻô徫Ӣء
΢΢ڵƻǱȽϿõģϾףʮλףȻѪɫסһʱҲһֱסվܹ谭Сɽɵ
ԣϸҿ϶ݺܻصСǻ磬Сɽܡ
ֻϧһ㣬ȫԤϴˡ
ںݺСдƻһʱһɫӰȴǰһȶըĺݺ
ȻںݺʮǱȴһһеţΪС磬˵һȱը飬˫˫ŶûˣҲһϣ
㣡Ȼһص㲻С𣿡
϶ʱһôҲû뵽ԼȻϴˡ
ȥʰңֻҪ㶨Ϳˡ
ݺһЦϵĿг˳ϣǷ֪ǽ̫ôģӣȫѰ·ʲô¶ûеģҪսҼ˵ǲԼ
Ҳ˰ɣȻͷΪڣԼҲˣҵʣֵţף̫̫ˣΪ޵УŻᵼĽ
ϻ˵
˺ݺĻɫʱǵͨ죬Ŀѣ˺ݺеġҼʱʵݣʲôСɽȻ
ΪϣȻǵõܶϢϣʥŮ֪Ĳ٣һ֣֪ôһˡ
ֻԼû㷢֣ݣ㷢ֵҲûãҲΪʵݶı̬ȡ
ھͰʵ˵ˣо԰ճԶˣϧϧ̫ЩѪһĹվǸ˰ˡ
гѪ˿̺ЦСУҵ֮ѹƵֻʣʮ֮һҲδܽɱοڵ״̬ܷӳʵ
˭˵ҪԶԸϼһˣ
ݺһЦԷӲƴֱһ̧֣֮Ѻطһͷ˹
ιͷҪԸһһֻ֣ҪɵҾͷȥô
ݺֱӶͷ˵
͹ͷȻ֮ǰʥĹбץߣҪݺץסԼ̵ģ˭뵽ȴ˺ݺĽ
ںݺ͹һݺĻʱǰһСŮޣ˻棿
Ҫɱǰ߾ܻɵĻȻԸȥģֻºݺֻ
Ѫһ幫˵ĻȻ档
ݺɫһ壺Ͻְɣʱ䲻֣࣬׽ѹסġ
ͷٺһЦȻˣǾûˣְɡ
ǽϼʱɫһڣôҲû뵽ݺСлһ׾ǿߴڣ
׾ǿߣôԸһλ׵СУͬǿҪѪҲǲ׶СеģలһЩѪɫˡ
ԣͷĳ֣ǽû뵽ģ
ɶ񡭡
֪ԼǳڴľǾܼסҪԷ׸ɵȻֻҪȴͿˡ
ֻҪԼȴȥľӢ϶Ὣɵʱ׾ٴƻС磬ҲͿ˳ӳȥˡ
ҪֻһǾǼסݺͷֺϻɵ
ֻϧĴվҪˡ
ΪҲȫûгеڷչ

ڰϣʱӡǴ󸽽
ʮѪɫƣ׺λ׶ǣסˣ̾˾Ȼһʱ䳯ʱӡǴȥ
޾սͨѪǺӣ
ʱӡǴ󣬳֮˴
ֻҪܹ͵ѪǺӣźݺСӡǣҲѪɫ׹ӣô˽޷˺ǡ
ֻҪصѪǺӣѪĵ̣һжðȫ
Ȼٶȴ˽ʣЩؾǿߵС
˸ǽպض̤ƽ˴
ܼңҲ̫ӵ常ʱ˿ŭںһѪɫס޷׷ȴĿܵ
ԣסˣ
ʱӡǴȻǰڹţܷѣһα


1149 
ʱӡǴڴٷȥ
ܼںŭ𣬶ŰǼףҪʱӡǴ
ô죿ǰ˭
΢ֵİЩԥ
⻹𣿼ֱǷϻȻǰˡ
峤һڵѪ幫ͽ֮䣬ֻѡһѪ幫ôضǻģܲѪ幫ôѪ幫һСӱضûл·һ˭֪Ѫ幫ǵһݣ
ڷѪ幫ض͸ǡѪ幫ôȥѪҪ鷳Ҳҽ鷳
ܿҲӦ˹׷ͬ˵
ڰ弸׵Ҫ£ʱӡǴĴźȻرգֱ⣬޷룡
ɫһǰվڽһˣһҪźݺӻѪ뷨˵ˡ
Ȼˣֻһ취ˡ
֪ʱӡǴرգԼûа취ͨ뿪ǣôֻƾԼˡ
ͨǺӵʱӡǣݺϵУҲֻͨѪǺӵģǺӰѪǺ֮ľ̫ԶݺҲ޷֪ѪǺöʱӡǵϢ޷ֱӴ͹ȥ
ֻȶһˣɣ
ţֱӻޣ̤ǵ۾ľ磬ͨӰ֮Ѿɾ͵۵ͨʱ˿ֱ̣ƾ谵Ӱ֮黯ޣ˴ǰʧ
֮ĵ࣬ԿԳܳһʱ䣬ٿԳ뿪ǱķΧ
ͻȻʧʣЩؾǿһɫ
ģ׷ȥҵСӣҪȻĻֹѪܵ飬϶ᱻѪ֪
ܼȳ
ڰ峤ȼףҲ֪ԼѾվ˽ߣȻվ˶ӣǾͱվˡ
Ǳ͵ģȴû뵽ΪʱӡǴԵʻǱ˽õǣֻҪǽСӺѪ׸ɵôһоǸ㶨ˣ̫鷳
Ѫ鷳Ҳн嶥ء
ԣ峤΢ֵİ׵ȵˣʱһʧĵط׷˹ڶǴ׾ǿߣ׷ٶȷǳ졣
ڽʣµףʮλףɱݺѪɫסˣʮͷѪɫѪɫ󷨣ܹʮɫ׵ǿ޷ͻơ
ǿ϶ܽʮͷѪɫɵȴ֪ʲôʱˡ
Ѫɫû취ȥˣֻˡ
ޣְͬܵ׾Ȼ׷һҧֱӳŰշȥ
׶ԿֻߣƾԼ޵ԷһʱҲġ
ңԷҲ뵽ֱ֮ߡϾӵ棬Ҳûڱεĵطһ׷Ͼֻ·һ
ڰǱĻƾʲôһʱ䣬˰գǾһˡ
˾٣Ҳ߶Է·Ȼտ»ǻᱻԷ֣ӶʱǶʱ䣬ȱľʱ䣡

һʱޣֱ˰֮յС
뿪˰ǱķΧ֮ݽϷЧͲˣ˵Ǳ¶ڱ˵ݵС
ڣֻҪȻ״̬ûκϢԸݵ״̬ۣʶݣܷλã
ֻǣԶ״̬ģֻܵȴȴݺСУݺĴϳ׸ɵܹݺ֣ߡ
ڣһǴ״̬ڵ״̬һֱһʱһʱʱ䣬ҵľٿԶһˣԳԷҪݵҲҪѱȽ϶ȻҪһʱȥݺӦѾϸ㶨˰ɡ
ԶǰУ廯Ϊޣֻʣ¾ǰУһּΪ״̬һжƾ谵Ӱܹ֮ﵽ״̬
һƬ޵УһѪɫ׹ӻΣȴȻС磬ǺݺС磬ݺͷ֣ϲ
ôͷ㻹ǸϽ䣬뿪ĺãȥɡ
ݺȫ㺹죬СһƬѪ֮ɫϢУѾԱĴϡ
ԼСУܹ֮֮ҲƵģҪԸʵǿĽϣûôס
Ȼݺͷ֣ѾϱȵһܾľأֻݺƣҪƴԱĻСҲǳ
ߣûͷ֣͡ȿȣ
ϻĽɫ壬˫ͫдŲ֮ɫͻȻͷ㣺ͷ㲻һ֣ԸŮӣѺСУѵûҪľԴ
Ǻǣҿûôһء
ȴǿƣǺЦһֶԸ˵شȴҲǱɡιǽ϶԰ɣ˶ϧģֱϼˣûҪԼ
˵ʵڽϵսҲǺܾȣˣΪٴȥĻԼҲܿˣܿˡ
ߣ֮ôܾ
һԼǿɰӣ˳Ϊ̫ӵţ̲סĿѣôܷޣ
Ȼֻȥˡ
ݺѪɫ˫չ˫֮ͫɢźɫѪ⣬޾֮۵ߣͬһƬ˳ŽӿϮȥ
Ͻ˸һɫƴԿźݺ֮
һ̣ݺȴ΢̡
Ѿˡ
ݺһֻ̧֣һƬѪɫȻֱӽУ
֮ͨı壡
ͷǰһ˿ܿ˱еˣóݺڸƴˣ
֮ͨı֣ڱȽԱˣԱĻҲضõʧУ޷ӳ
ͨѪý磬һƬѪɫþ뱾Ľϣ᲻ϳֻ󣬲Щĵֿú
Ҫ֪ǺݺС磬Ѫý֣̺֮ͨĻþޱȾ˵ġ
ԱҲشݺ
ԱôͱԶУĳһݺˣô֣ûɱһݺԺ󣬻˭ɱݺĻ᣿


1150 Ա
ʱĽϣ뵽ѵľء
˵ںݺֶɱ޷ƻȴ޷ѣʱ뵽޾ѪɫþС
ȻܹѸƳþ̾µĻþ֣ѭ޷԰Σ
ڣܿһйؽ̫ӵĻþһʱûýþƳ
үү㿴Ҵһֻͨͨһʱ䣬ǲǺ
үүһգһΪս񣬱үүңˣҵĶ֣
ҵ츳δԽүүҲǿԵİɣ
Щ̫ӵĹý˫ͫЩʪˣڻȷǶ̫̫ˣһ޵еĹ
ȷ̫ӵ츳ѣ嶼һģĻضΪһǿߡ
ǣ̫ȴ̫Դˡ
磬޵ǿߵ˵̫ˣ߻ˣƽʧȥ˶ľη
ϣپʱ̣Ҳ֪Լˣʵϣһֱ֪̫֮ȫȡΪүүȻԹۡ
ΪӱΨһ뷨ڿһ㣬޷ˡ
ҲҲգԱɡ
Ļ䣬֪²ԱҲ뿪ݺСˣȵݺѪ˻ϣôѪСУͱɡ
ݺɱѪǿɱ
ףݺֻѪһС
ѪУȺݺǿĴڲ֪ж٣ԣڽһݺ㶨ˣ뵽ȦףѪʵ˸̵ʶ
ԼҲѪù
һͷںݺСУһƬѪɫУһⱬȻըһƬѪɫ˲ֳ룡
ݺС磬˲⵽˼ƻѪý֮ͨһӱըѳأз˿ݺҲʱһѪ
Ѫý֮ͨ⵽ƻҲܵ˱ȽصƣõǣԱƻѪý֮ͨС
ǺݺѪýֵ֮ͨĻϵԱٿԻٵһСգش
ڣֻƻһѪý֮ͨǺݺܹܵģһݺս½һ룬Ҫָǳѡ
⵽ƻôһЩȽϺõ˵ҩָܹܿˣڣ֮ͨ⵽ƻȴǺȫָģ뾭ջ۵ϢС
ݺ㣬̶ȵˣԼҪʱȫԭ
ǿԽܵĽˣûʲô£ҽҲɵˣȥ飬ӦúöԸ˰ɡ
ݺţһʯء
ιŮޣ㲻˵ֻҪֶԸˣͷ뿪
һԵͷ㣬ʱƳ˺ݺһۣǺЦ˿ɵ˵㻰ҪͷҲ֪ʲôɥĲ
˵Ļҿû˵Ҫʲôʱ㡣
ݺһۣ۾ȰŰɣ治ȫȵҵ˰ȫĵطȻͻȥˣұӦÿ쵽ˣʱٰų
㣡
ͷʱɴ۾ˣң
ˣ㣿ſ϶ҪģһҵСأֵ㰡Ҫȥˡ
ݺ˵
е㵣ģͷСشԷ治һȵĽס
УУУҲ˵ˡɣҸʱ䣬֮ٲͷңͱͷӲˣߣƢҲǺõˣҪ͸㷭ˣ
ͷߺ˵Ȼյߵˡ
̬ȣ֮ǰݺѺʱȻͬˣȫΪںݺشѾѽѹסˣ
Ȼ㻹ǲƴƣʱûз
ʱʱ䣬Ӧ㹻˰ɡ
ݺţȴҲûеס
ϵʱӡǴ󱻹رյĻѪǴѪǺӸϹ½ỨѺܳʱ䣬ü˭Ҳ֪
ûҳȥǵĴ󣬿϶ѾǱرˡ
ݺƲ˳ȻͶһСУʼˣ뿪СĻûʲôսֻѹһƣѪý֮ͨƻĸ
СУѪɫͽӳһƬԵһƬǽ壬ʰУҵ˽ϵӡǣ˵Ǵսһջˡ
ڽϵСУ϶вٺöֲκݺʧˣһǿߵĴҵ
޸СܵĴˣҲǴ´ģҪ˵Ѫý֮ͨ
ͨ˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֣ڿģⶫһҪָǳѡ
ľĽУûʲôܹ޸ֻܵȴʱţԭ
ʵǱƻ̫ˣʱȥԽԽ⣬Ľ磬Իָԭˡ

ޣǰУʱյԺݺϢݡ
ԱˣֻǺݺʧҲ̫ˣСУ֮ѹƣҪȻСͻ;Ľһ³ˡ
΢˿
֮ǰľĽ磬ƺһףԴһԱ֮űģںݺС㲽˺󳾡
һʱȥˣҲĵĲˣǱһǧľ룬Ӧ΢Ϣһˡ
ȫûио׷˿յС
ԶһŰɫǱǰǣ￴ȥ廷ǷǳƯģϧϾˡ
ܵܣúϢһ£Ҹطݽϡ
ݺϢһδȻΧһεϣܹΪ֮ѪطݺѾ˵أЧ൱
ݽγɣ˿
ѪڸǵʱӡǴ󱻹رյҪٻúüʱ䡣
ݺ˵ǽ廹ǰ壬ǱضΪ˸ۣ
ôأǺúϢ⼸ͽҺˡ
˵ʱ䣬ǿ»׷ǲܴ⡣
š
ݺЩůůģȻԼСУûмȴӡ
û뵽ΣյʱСӻܰϴæġ
ݺȷûԤϵһ㣬ֱڣŷԭĲ򵥣һֱĸ


1151 
ͺݺڰ֮жܵʱ򣬰ϣַµı仯
ǿߣʮλǿߣʱʮѪɫһһ࣬ʮѪɫҲѪ廨ѴƳĿܣʮѪʧء
ȻʧصĻѪݺˣмҪ϶Ա˵˵ȫ˵ܾˡ
ɵʮѪɫ֮󣬽ǿȫͣһȻͼĴףԶͬ
Σû׷Сӣ
ܼɫһ԰峤ʵ
峤ɫҲǷǳãҪ֪ĸɶǴ׾ǿߣȻû׷һǵ۾Сӣʵ˵ȥ
Ȼܲʵû׷ϡû׷ϣûҵҲСӵټѾǷΧѰңһʱҲҲ
峤˵õģǵʱӡǴѾرգζӲġ
ǿɲһ
ܼɫҪҵǲУ֮أ𣿰ѰϵݽϷرˣ
⣬ݽϷҪǹرգӰ췶Χ̫ˡ
峤΢ЩΪѡ
ڻʲôֹѪ幫ѸҪ𣿡
ܼɫһ᣺ˣڲܲߵ⣬ֶܼõ⣡ΪرʱӡǴѪǿ߾ҲΣ
ܼңֱڻǵõǺӵɱϣնɱ̫ӺҪɵͺݺʱʲôĳ
Ѫһ峬ǿѪֱӽ٣Ǹûκηֱͺݺߣ
ڵƣ
ܼҿɲͬ鷢Σ
ǣһȥݽϷֱӹر˰ɡ
峤һҲԣҪѪѣôѪ彫ǰҲΪУǿɾͷǳˡ
Ҫڰڲѣ峤ʵǲκУĻֱܿӸҲǲܵ顣
ΪˣȻֻǱǰǿôһ㣬ǺǿߵĻһжΪڰ
ܿ죬ݽϷڰ峤Ҫ£ֱӹرգϣݽϷЧûʲô֮ϵˡ
峤ʱҲһЩȫ˳嶼ΣʱЩ׼˵浽ˣΪҲź£ڳʲô⵼°塣
ʷϣкܶ嶼ͻȻ͸ˣǰһ㶼ûףڣѾѣõĻ帲ҲǺ飬Ͼкܶ޶ǰһ鵰ء
壬ռһ֮ԴܹɴԴȻۺ죬ڷѣΣʱ̣һ㶼á
ܹʮ׾ǿߣӶʮλףԼλסλףܹϰˣʵѾڽЩˡ
ڽܼǰ峤ǱǫϾ˫ʵ໹Ǵڵġ
ڣôһݣͲСӳǵġ
峤޺˵
ҳԹˣӦѪĹڰݣϾѪطǺġԳ϶ѪѾڰˡ
ܼҳ˵
ڰˣǻĶ
峤Щ졣
档
ָָܼͷ˵Ӧܵȥˣʱ޷ݳľλãѪطʵ
طôôؾǿһݣݲǵλã
峤˵
ǵǣץʱˡ
ܼɫܲãдϻѪһ幫СУڿǹȻ˼СݣƺǴǺܺá
Ҫ϶ˣôʧȷ̫ЩԽܵĵز
̫ӵѾǽˣλסλ׾ȻСӸɵԤϵͬʱҲýʧһ
ҪǴ϶ˣжǽѪ幫ɵҲǴĲ㣡
˵ʵڽܼҺǲģͷжģϾҪԸѪ幫³ɹҲ´С
ϲܲһҪ׷ɱҲûа취ֹȴû뵽һ˶ûɵԼ˷һѡ
ϻ˵ˣϿһݰɣոսϢڣܹƾ˽ݡ
ܼ˵
ϰؾǿߣԽͰ壬׷׿ʼͺݺϢҲʱȺޣڵĵط˹
ȵȣǺͽˡ
峤״ʱɫһ䣬֪ʱԷʲô
ǲ׷ɱǰĲе𣿲ҪǾˡ
岢£ԷҲǵͷϣ˫ԩ޳û˻Ե޹ġ
ǿǳġ
峤ɫ
壬ѹѹһƬһּѹȵĸоһȺâ˸ߣǺͽϢ࣬ǽ塣
ǿܹǧˣ׷׽ٵ˽Ͱĸǰ
Ǻǣ벻嶼ˣҲ͸պá
һĴվ˳ɨһȻЦǸոݳе磬һϵǵҲݳǿǲĳһСУͼӰˡ
ģѹرʱӡǴ󡣡
峤˵
ǾˣѵЩУѲһϵĲе
Ǵüͷ΢壺ҲԣЩеѾˡʱ֮ڣɷʲôؾĿ뿪
»С
ܼԣʱ˵Сɽǵ۾ȴѾӵС磬ҪǣѪﲻȥƫƫ˰ǣѵ˵ʲô𣿿£Ĵ˰Ĳеǣ
ҲͻȻˣ
΢ֵİͻȻ֮ǰǺӹżӻʱƺ˵һӵаѪŮӣŮӣؾ֮ǰǻʹѪʥˣ
ԣ
峤ҲڻȻ򣺡ʥۺѪ幫һսʱҲСӵСУڿСУ׺һϵĲе
ʵ֣еĴѾɱ⡣
ͺݺһΣ


1152 ˺
壬壬壬塣
Ĵ壬һ𣬿ʼѰͺݺټ
ڴϻںݺСУòҵݺ̫ӵĳܲԱ뽫ҵնɱ
壬Ǻ󻼣϶ҪҵɱҪȻ̷Ǻʥ츳籾ڰоӵеȵѪʣɳ϶൱¡
ͺһҲΪҪ󻼣һ棬˺ĻΪǱӱ͵ϮģȻҪ籨
ڰ壬ǣΪرʱӡǴֻվߣһԸݺˡ
Ĵ֣ܹٶؾǿ߾£һôǿߣͬʱͺݺݣ
Ȼֱ֮ѭŵ˰֮յУһֱӶˡ
ô£УȻһϢû£ⲻܰ
ûѵСӣӵʲôܹԼۼı
ֱô׾ܹӵУ
һȺ۷׷ף֪ȥ˷ʱǲеģֱ뿪ǣ֮ȥ
һжǰˣϾǰǣ࣬ͽҲͳǧˣֻвʮˡ
壬峤ͽ£Ȼޣ뿪˰ǵͺݺټ
ƺƵжʼˣڰǵʮ￪⣬һ㱣ǵϣҲڰģ߲Ļǲӳϡ
ˣֵĴȷţԼζܹͺݺҵֻҪѪǿߵ֮ǰСҵһҲ͸㶨ˣ

ʱھ֮ңϢ
ݺҲϢʱϢǳлҪ˵
׻Ǻεģ㽫ǴӾĽд˳
Σ
ʵ
ֲ̫ĸоһܴΣ١
źӵĴüͷ΢΢ţһֱΣȽУӦһϵŴɣ̤ؾӦҲܹŴԡ
Σ
һ˼ŻǴΣ
ȻѪطæݣľ룬ǲףֻҪǲ㹻˳Ѱңҵǡ
׳˵ɣֱǰʮ￪⣬ΧķϣƾҵѪֱӴǲϣȻ˾ˣһҲûĿꡣ
ţҲԡ
˵ͷ
һֱڣûо̫ǿ֮ٵԼϣһΪ֮ǰΪ޵Ƕʱ䣬ûκϢһ棬ҲΪѪʥͼʩչѪʥͼֶΣڹĺۼȫɾˡ
վ̫ԷҪǷ˺սĻҵǣҪױܿԷֻӵԽԶԽã
ǵģΪǺӵҪ֮һΧ϶зϵģɱΧһκͨУûҪ뿪
׵ĻܴͨǲϣǾûˡ
ȻҲһܡ
ɫ˵ǿѾǷϸ׼ֻҪǳ֣ͻὫһ򾡣ԻеģôСֵܣǶһѣ
۾Ȼ˵ͷڵҪ˷֣Ҫǰϳ뿪һȻӵʱ䷽ǰϣ϶ҲӸʱ䣬Ѫǿ߸Ϲ
ãǾƴһƴˣ߰ɡ
ױϾǴ׾ǿߣǰٶȱöֱ࣬ӱԿռĵţʮ￪İǷϴ͹ȥ
Ǵ׾ǿߣҲһͣôԶľ룬ԣҲԾǰÿһط뿪ʱᶯѪʥͼѪʥͼǴڵĺۼĨ
һǻûκκۼûиκϢĳŰǷϿš
Ҳʱֵĸ壬ǲ֣Ű˵̺ʽ
ңֶαȽ϶࣬ͬһصǻкܶε˹ȷû©ϣԷ˺սܿ˰һĵطҲ֮ǰڵĵط
ҪǲߵĻڿѾҵˡ
ϾԷʵ̫ˣҲԽԽ֣࣬ڰϷͽֻҪҵͺݺܹõʮöң
һͺݺټߣһӼ˰ٱ
Ҫ֪жߣ
ϰڣ
ȻܹͺݺģҲôﵽؾУĻҲгһǧ
ֻʮ֮һ˳ѰҲһˣǳƺƵεΪ׳ۣڰΧѰ
׷ɱͣĴ嵹û˸ҵͺݺһ˺սͺݺĶܿռ䡣
ڿ϶ڳŷϸȥҲֻ뿪ǲпˣ峤Ǳߣ͵鷳ˡ
ܼ˵
ĺˣֻҪһôǿ϶᳢ԳϣѾǱˣ϶лܵġ
峤ݵ˵
Ǿͺá
ͽҲǸĵ˵ͷ
Ĵ£Ҳֻǰϣ뿪ǷˣΧķϷΧǺܴģԷҲһܹõڵλá
´οռ䴫͹ȥ͵˷ˣǴϣֱ룬ҪκԥǷǵλãϹΧǣ϶Ҫһʱ䡣
׶˵
ţǰߣϾԿռΪ̡
˵ͷ˵
ȻǿɶվһϵˣǷˣ˭ˡ
Ϊȵ˵
׵Ĵ£һռ͵˰ʮ￪ķϸ
һ㵭İ͸ϣǰûκԥֱʩչѪȥǲϡ
ϣֻҪѪֱͨУҪ˿ϵԣ޷ΪģԴʱ˿̣׵ĶֱӴ˿
ߣ
ûκԥֱԿռŷ֮⴫ͳȥ
Ҳʱմϣ˾ѾˣҽϢ̴ټĴǱߣ


1153 ȥ·
Ǻӣǣһ˵׷
ףֱӳ˰ʮ֮ķϣȻԽ޾յУУһҲʮľ룬ҪԽȥ׶Ҫüʱ䡣
мһƬ޾գʲôûУԶԶĿԿǻҰУһŰǶ൱Сˡ
ܣ
״ͳȥʱǰͻȻҲһռ˸ȻһȺ֮˳ǰ
ݣ㣿
׼һȺˣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼϳ˶ԷΪ֮˵ݣȻҲһײεǿߣݣ
ԣһݣһ൱ӣʮ˧ҪһͷȻʿлǱȽټˡ
һЦ⣺ңǸǰ˵ͽ԰棬ұֹС
һǰУطϵؾ졣
һ䣬Ȼ˵ǲͽӦһǷȰһ䣬ҪվˣѪǿߣ¹ʱҲҪˣʱҵҪҪô飡
ǾͲͷ²˰ɣ
ɵЦһЦڣǲܷ뿪ģ㻹֪ҪԸǵģĴأѪǿˣҲδûһս֮ף
Ĵ壡
仰ǰһû뵽ĸȻһ֮ǰͲ²ܣû뵽Ѿġ
ǰ𣿡
뿪ɨһۣһ䡣
ﻹڷϸԽ÷ϵһϵİֲȫͻķأ鷳ˡ
׶ͷð亹û뵽ô죬ھϸԶĻԼһϵǿȫƴҲҪݸɵ
ڣȴûǸܣҲûҪ֮˳ˡ
ˣҲʲôܵˣ˺ܿͻϵˣһʱǽ⵽ΧֻҪסͿˡ
յڲԶⲽŽһؾİǿߣȫڷģȻǾӢÿһսΪǿ
һҪ׺ȫ㹻ˡ
ɶҪǺݺûˣڻܹһͻΧϧڡ
ҧҧ֪ڿ»û취ˣôֻ취ȥȡʱˡ
ڼĻһܹסһǲ׵ܶá
в˼ŶԲߡ
Ҫػϵ˽⣬ԲػϸĻֱӳԷסȻܾˡ
ȻҲģϾھƿأԷĻͱ鷳ܶࡪһӲӵõ˵ټܰѾҪ뿪ĴҲˡ
ڣܹã
ݣλСֵ뿪Σұˡ
һ룬Ȼ˵
ⲻΪ𣿡
΢̣յ˵иʮ壬ǶСӵСУҷ뿪ܵ飬Ҫ˵ˡ
˰ɣǰҽȫųҲܿ϶ǷѾ㲿ȫųˣǲܷ뿪ġ
ҡҡͷ˵
һ룬Ҳ̾˿ҡҡͷҲǣ߲ˣˡ
ҲʱڿռͻȻһסֱҪԶͳȥ
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ҲʱȴͻȻ߶Լ֮ͨһУȻֱӽǿռϵϸ˿
֮רžͻֿռϣǰ߰ɣ
΢̣һͨǳãرʱ䲻⣬ֱöԷˡ
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һȺ˾ȵʱױǷӦҪһЩֱٴδ߶ռģֱ˸ȥϰ￪ĵطһȺ˵Χ£
죬׷ȥǵλã
ۿ׺ʧǰ´һȺؾǿȫܹ֮Ҫķϵģʲôߣ
һ̣λ׵ĴڣֱӺǵλãڰ֮⣬ǸոѾͨǣܵʲôطˣ
ã׷ȥסһΣɲˡ
ֱӴʩչռֶΣ˲䴫ͳȥֱӳ¶λλãȻ˸ոӹ׺ˡ
ôӲˡռϣȫʩչ
ûиκλᣬֱҲһʩչռϣΧ
׵ɫڱˣҪͻ뿪ʵǧѡ
ǰϱǵ˱ǣߵӲˣǹԹ־ܰɡ
𣬵˵ЩأСϣȻûбǣʲôֶε𣿡
һиֳһĨ֮ɫ
ı飬ȻûȥԷ֮ûбԷλãȻΪصľ֮Զš
о֮ڣһи״̬޷壬ȻڶԷǿƵ¡
ǵ۾Ϊϵصľ֮壬ϣǴ׾ǿʩչĸֶΣѶʲôӰˡ
ǰ㻹ǻصҵСȥɣߵ취Ӧ
˵
ʲô𣿡
ɫ΢䣬ЩɻĿ
ڵƾСǵ۾Ϊ
ۻκˣڶʣ
ϵְɣ֮ǰԹͺħʱҲܸ㶨գǽԷȫˣȻ֪ʲôأǷóҲһǣȥֲŻСɡ
׶
һʱɫһãȻҶ˵ˣұһΣϣ㲻ʧˣ
ҿɲҴƱ
ˣʱЦһ£٣ƾһʱӦǿģֻϣѪܾϹɡ


1154 ǧΧ
ױ뵽˾Ľڲ
֮УֻʣһˣڸԷţڵϰؾǿߣʱ˿ЩȻ׻صСȥˡ
СӣͲôһɵ
ǣƶӳҪֱӽСӸɵô
ףСӾˣ϶̵ģǲǵ˹˵ˡ
ݰס˴ˣǲҪ㶯֡
Ͼľٶʵ̫ˣܿʲôڵҾոƿռϵֶΣǶѾ÷ǳˡ
СӣЩŹְ
Щ֮жš
ɨΧЩˣеرżԷҪֵĻ϶ҪȳռϣܹԷѡ񳷵ռ϶֣Ҳпץס˲ĻᣬͨմԽ
ȻãδϣʼΪ׼ȻҲ׼пù
Էпܵǵȴ˹ȻƬ֮⣬ȲһĿռϣֹ룬Ȼٽ㳷˳Ըˡ
ϸ۲ΧһУȷԼܹڵһʱ䷢˵⶯ӦķӦھƿصĴڣΧЩؾǿߣһһҲȫš
ϰؾǿߣδ⶯֣ǷɢΧΧģκпѵķ򶼶ˡ
ȻŹһʱ䣬ӰǱ߷򣬺ȻһӰǧͨռĴ˹߷򿿽
һǧУѾֲܵͬϢֱĸͬ壡
壬壬壬һҪһϵһ򾡡н壬Ϊ˸̫ӱҲǾӢ
ϳ˶ԷݣڿôͬʱΧʱ򣬷˿
Ѿ˴Ĵ㣬϶ֱӳƣĻ׼Խ뵽ڲȻþֵЩ˵Ĺƣ
֮ǰУڲкܴռģԼӦÿԽС
ڶģԼ뵽ڲ֮󣬲ʲôΣգ
ڶԷƣҪԸĻ˿ģһܹ϶ᱬǿһƬնͣһʱڣûܹԱߣ
һҲ˳ʱ䣬һº󣬾ΧָѪǿ߿϶ôܻĴְΧˣ
ԣĵģȫֻǽ뵽Ŀռ֮ԼǷȫϡ
ðյģڵ£ðȴǲˣԷʵǹǿûκΰ취ֵܹ
ˡ
һݣű㷢ԼΧѾȺΧסˣȷе˵ȺȺ˼һҲöЩ֦ĩڵˡ
ǧĴǿߣоؾǿߣʱ˿̰ΧΧһ
ɽǰȻɱҽ̫֮£ֱ޷죬񼫣ץסʱˣ
ܼңȵġС
ӵȷ񼫣ҰѵסһϵѵҰشʧձضҪ
峤Ҳһ˵
⻰˵ģ̲סꡱЦ˵ǣɱҾֺܶˣû˵ʲô󻰣˭֪ЩһȫΪԼ棬Ҫû鷳
죬˵ķ𣿡
еһ׾ǿ߶ʱȳħǱѪɱʵ̫ˣҾȻ˵йִϢ˶ɺܴţ񼫣񼫰
ҺѪɱħ
⻰ԷԽ˵ԽˣʱħǺӹżסԼ
˵ݺͷβûǺӹżɣ
ʶݺ뿪ǺӹżǺӵɱֻ֮˵ĴˣΪɱʲôɶˣǲҪֻҪиɣպѪ׷Ҳи
Է˵Щʲô
ֻн˵ʱ۾һ£ЦҪǽһ䣬ʱҲڳħǲҲˣǿһŮӰ˾Ȼ˭ﶼɱĳˣ׷ɱĶˡ飬Ҵû˵Ҳǽó˰ɣ
ⷬ˵Ľޱȷŭ
ϻ˵տɲԻڵģ
һĴǿһΪ˶̺ʥȫǺӹżпɱѾǱ֤˵ʵҽƽϵҲ㲻û뵽羹ĵļһĹΣ
ûˣǡ
εҡҡͷøԷ磬Ȼ֪νЩѻ˵ý˶ŵģԶԷѾҪɱԼ
οĴˣǽһҲܳԼĴѾվͺݺĶ棬Ψнͺݺɱ֮ǡ
ǧؾǿޣԺ塢塢ͽ壬Ĵ֣ǧΧ濰׳ۡ
һСӣֵôһ֣ҶԳֽ˰ɡ
һλǿߣһ˵ڿһˡ
ţСӿǺйŹֵأҪ̫ˣҲʧˡ
Ĵ̧֣Ȼ󻷹һۣ˵λΪ˷ֹСˣʲôֶΣһ֣ռҪӳ׸ɵ󻼣
㿴Сӵڻյӣ϶ʲôƣ
һС𣿺ܿСвʲôɱﵣ׸һ𣬻Ѫ幫Ҳڣ˵ʲô
ǲܸκλᣬҪһɱ
˴һ¹ʶ׼ϳ֣ɱ
Ҫľ棡
ΪҪǶԷֻһ˳ֵĻͻȻӳԷ˵˲ҹˣ޷Ҳʹﲻ֮ǰĿˡ
ԷôһֵĻıΪȻ
ɣǧΧĳҲǰδÿһǱǿôǿߡ
оԼڼ٣ﵽʷ̶ȣȥĺ棬춨


1155 ʧ
ǧΧǰδУΧĻֻһǵ۾
飬彮ڶδģڣ顣
ԴҲѾ׼ʱܹӾĽȡԼǰڲ
ڲһƬռ䣬ֻϣУʲôΣվͺˡ
ˣ
һݣͼΧǧǿߣĴؾǿߣ׷׳ʩչ͵ֶͨΣ
۵ͨвϹż̫ż似һЩԵط׷׳Ϯ
ǧ˵ĹУвֱӶԼ似ͨҪֱӿԭأжͷĻᡣ
ǧͬʱֵ˲䣬ζȻʧԭصֻʣһ͵ʯ
ߣ
ѡʱոպãԷǧ˶˹ƣȫͬʱһĻҪֶοס
о֮壬Ҳ϶ֵסԷô˵ĿƸֶΣ
ЯɭȻϢյУȻֱƾѾľһ˿Ϣֱӳžڲռ롣
ʲô
Χǧǿ߶ʱһʶջ˹ϾԹͻȻһʯʵ̫ˡ
ֻǣͬһվǧȫӦջعģвʩչֶͨ;ջء
һ̣һؽһصĹٵ˾֮ϣֻ˲䣬ͽ֮е
һ񱩵ľ˲Ϯɢһģʾľģڳκ˵Ҫǿ󣬲˲䱬ն
ãˣ
ǧ޼ͬʱӦ˹һȫʩչռֶγź˿ȥÿ˶ܵ˴ӾбĿ
ǲߵĻ˶ᱻ
ϧǣǸոʱѾвһռϣֹѵģȴԼ˵谭
˵ǿռֻ˲ͱȡˣס˲޵ĽŲֻǵôһ˲䣬ҲҲ޷ѳƬıĿռ䡣
һؾǿߴʩչռģϴ͵Զ￪ĵط΢˿
ǴһȴһµʵǾοֲıУȻнûüѣ뵽ɭȻɲеУ˲ʬ޴棡
ʣ˰ٶһϢɭȻµľУǼռ䶼ǿȫڴ׾ǿԱĿռ
һƬУռ˷Բڵգ˸޷ȥռ䶼һƬ
ǽ壬ʣ¶ˣ
ܼڻ֮У֯ʣµĽǿ߶ۼȻ֣Ǳףʮλ׵ģڣȴֻʣףʮλף
Ҳ˵ⳡ籩УܹסλеУʧΪأ
Ͼͻû䣬λףλȱնɱˣһ۷֮һ
֮ηչʵ˲һ󲿷֣ϴڵ׶ɵκһ˵ǼΪشĴ
ɶ񣡡
ܼôҲû뵽֮ǰ;ȥСӲ̫׵Ҳû̫࣬û뵽СӾȻܹĵ˿µ龰
ˣȫ߼ϣ
峤Ǻͷϵؽһ𣬲ҿʼټʣİԱ
֣ʧģΪ˱࣬ٶʱ˿̣Ȼܹһˣд󲿷ֶλסλף׶߰˸λס
ʧȽ廹Ҫصö࣡
ͽ壬Ҳֱڲͬķ򼯺ҲԷ֣Ӵ׿ʼλסλףλףⳡеС
Ĵ壬ʧΪأԭǧ˵Ķ飬˲ֻʣ°˰ˣھɥ
壬Ǻӹżʱħ˱
ʧȵʱħʱҪϰٱҪ֪ȫؾǿߣ
˲ʹʧû˰ٶȫ޼
ԶԶųоĳҲȫ˿˴ģıȻ֪ʲô£СӺѪ幫ʲôģ϶ȫ֮ˣ׷ɱӦýˡ
ϧʧʵ̫ˡ
̾˿
޷ǿʯӦֲĴʧԿóǿʯǷǳ˲õĶʧǾͿȥǿɫʯʲôˡ
Ҳ˾ǳ棬ڵȻǲǰ鿴ֻܵɢ˲ܿˡ
˶µųУոҪһڿѾȥүˣʯʲôȻ˿ֲ
ѵǴ˵µĶ
Сӣôӵ˿µ
˶벻ֻܵɢˣһУԤ֮УɢҲһµʱ䣬ξıϴǺӹżħʱǿҡ
ԣɢĿ϶һЩڵҪãҲ֪ˣֻǿԿ϶ɢʱѪѪ˿϶ѾϹˡ
ڳĴˣȫ֪ǣڵûһúúõģھڲ
Ľڵס磬ԼСеĺݺȵȣȫûбĵв
ھеʱƾ֮ǰԾһЩֱӽ뵽˾ڲռ䵱У
ʱȻ״̬ҲǺܺãкܴġ
ǾڲռˣȻճǵһμ
̲סп
ǰģһƬڵľĺĺУǺˮһұȺˮҪճޱȵŨŨĵز
һξ֮ˮ¾ͿԱȵڵۺϣ
оľȴԼܹյģΪЩĶʾľģûʾľġ
ĵطʾõʱ𣿾ۣҲڲ򵽵ʾİɣ
Ķʱ˷ܹʾľģʵһ¥


1156 ڲ
ھڲռУͬһƬʾĵĺУȫ¶ڸʾĵϢ
ҪǱϣǧΧһҽ뵽ڲڿøˣڻǲܹȷڲռ᲻ʲôΣգС²С
㶯ʲôΣգϾھʵϻǷǳİģ֪⾿ʲôҲ֪ڲռУһƬĺ֮⻹ʲô
ֽ̬ȣܹһֱڵʱҪȻĻͲ֪ĸˡ
ڱŽ̬£СĿʼΧʾģȡܹҪʾľģôʵ屶൱һ硣
˵ԭֻܶԸǵ۾ĻôһʾľģλҲ̫ˡ
֮ǰɱʮؾǿߣŵЩӻܵ´ԲЧ
ԣȡԼʵһУΧʾľģ˵Ȼһᣡ

ھڲռУʼʾģڽ̬£Ҳòס硢ݺˣҲ֪ߵ˿
ǺݺСУһ⡣
Ůޣ㲻˵֮ͷ뿪СѾȥˣϷ뿪˰ɣ
ͷҵ˺ݺЩвζ˵
Ҫ뿪Ҳѣֻ֪ʲô
ݺ΢̣Ц˵
ʲô㵹ǸϷ˵˵
ͷ㵱Ȼ֪ݺͨϢ֪ģݺ˵ȫ֪״
壬壬ͽ壬Ĵ׷ɱңҪǳȥûʲô³
ݺ۾˵ǰĵȴѪ˵ɣ˵˻ȥȻȥڲǺʱȥ»ǵ鷳
֡üһ
ǰһʱһֲһԸǽĴϣֻҪϷҳȥȻᱻݳ֮йءһ²׷ɱĿ꣬Ҳӵõˡ
Ǹҵʱæû뵽ô࣬ڵȷʵˡ
ݺ˵
ˣСŮޣΪøϷṩһЩʹ֮Ϸʵеķţ鲻С
ߺ˵
аҿԸṩһЩ⣬𣿡
ݺһ䡣
ϷĴ㶼ûǹªţҲȥǺһƬ޾սϷģ
˵ʱһɪ֮⣺ôСŮޣҪܳϣϷҲܰһЩ޾սģ׼⡣
һݺһӾЩϲͷ㾹Ȼһʦƹ޾ս
ôܾ𣿡
Щˬˣ˵ĺ޾սһ
е㾪ȣҪǣĻ㵹ǲˣ԰ɣʥĹУǿǵõ˲޾սкģܹЩ޾սɣ
ݺ۾ʵ
Ȼû⣬ĻҲҪʲôĲˣ̾ͿԽУϷҪȡӹѵġ
սʱͲż뿪ˣ۷
ûⰡҪһʲôҵĻҵǶúܣҪɾͲһˡ
ݺ
Ȼ彮죬ȻҪˡ
Ǻǵ
ţǵɹˣٿôȻǮսƷʶΣ޾Ʒս
ݺ׼̸üǮܿ챻Էϡ
Ҫҵˮƽ޾սϷҲƷû
һҲƷƷƷϷûˣɣƷ޾սңƷģǧңô
ԣ۸񹫵
ݺĵ˵ͷ
޾ս彮ҪĻ޾ƷģҲģֻǽֻռӹѣǧҵշѻ㹫ݺҲܹܡ
ţݺͽ׻ʥĹеõʮ޾սȫȡ˳Ȼ󽻸㡣
ԼСУ㽫Щߣõĵķ㣬޾սȻݺǮ
ȻݺݰǣҲ˵顣
޾սȫںݺˣŮ֪Ҳлǰ׻ͲˣȻŮ֪ҵĲл޷ס
ˣ׻޸һ̶Ȳ̫Ҫ޸ĻҿԸһҸ㡣
ݺȡ׻㿴˿ȴûн㡣
ڸŮ֪Ҹ鲻׻޸ãһҲܶ׻޾ƷսǿԼս˵иýá
޸ɱҪѵöˣ޾ƷսУЩԡ˵ˣ
㿴һ׻üͷ΢
һλŮĲлУĻҲǿ
ݺ˵
ߣô޸һսѶȵȷͦˣ㲻ΨϷõˡ
һǵ˵
Щ޾սҰɣҿЩЧΣپҪҪ޸׻
ݺ۾
͵Űɣܹʮ˼޾սһֻںΪһµ޾սϷһ£ܿʮżոµ޾սƷģ
۷Ź⣺˵ʵô޾սһȫģϷҲδһεܺúöһˣһЩƳ޾Ʒս
޾ƷƷƷսȻǿ޾ƷƷսԶġ
ˮƽͣ޾ƷսҲƳ٣ƷĻûܹƳɹ
ô޾ս˵ͻơ
а޾ƷսҾͿԼˣҿԳʮҵġ
ݺЦţûôڴһ㣬Ͼ޾ƷսҪƳʵ̫ˣѪ壬ʦҲһܹƳ
ѪУʦһҲƳ޾ƷսһദΪˣݺԸǮԣ˵ˮƽôݺ׬ˡ
ܵܣͷսˣʱһ룬СввӦöҪ޾սɣʱҲܳΪ㲻İ֣
ݺս뿪ȻͳСϢ


1157 Ѫ֮ŭ
õ˺ݺϢЩ⣬û뵽ͷս⵹ʡһ׮¡
ţֻҪ֮һˣϾսǮġ
ǫ˵
һһ룬ҪôսҲûãȫóȥǮԼõϵĻȻǸԼˡ
ݺ˵
Ǻðɡ
Դ˵ȻûʲôľĽеȷкܶѣ޾սĻսһӾܵõԾΪĵ֡
ر濡Ϧ衢ܰǼ΢һ¾ܲ޾սĸǵս϶ᳬͬߺܶࡣ
ؼҪȽʺǵսҪȻĻʵսҲǱȽ޵ġ
սٷˣһǵúúȻѾûʲô󰭣ҪСѪý֮ͨȫָȴҪܳʱ䡣
ݺ˵꣬ȻԼϢȥˡ
δȥϾԼҲҪʱ˿ӡǣ֮һǾӡǣӡǾĽ磬һǺݺѪɫ׹ӣǺݺС硣
ΧǻճʾģĻУʾĵٶȾͱ൱죬ԭû취ţڣȴЩʾģ𽥵򣬴ֻҪһʱ䣬ܹʾľˡ
УںܾãҲż̤ʵصڸʾġ

֮ƬյеѾ˺ܶ࣬˶뿪˴˵أΪǷɵ̫˷ԼʱˣûǸҪ
ԣǾֻ˴ŰţֹʲôⷢҲǰô۲죬һжûʲô仯ʲô˴г֡
ֵĿ꣬ҪԸͺݺԼסˣڣ嶼ЩһﶼѾеС
ԣĴĸ߲㣬ڶԲߣѪǿҹĻҪ˵
ԭ嵱еĻȨģڣδʵ½أº塢Ҳ̫Ӹ塣
Ĵ嵱У˰ʼڵ֮⣬࿪ʼԱ˴˲ȵȣԼҪѪʱӦóеĲֵȵȡ
һ죬ڻǵˡ
ھ֮Ѫڴļǵĸ˰ϣ
ڰȷͺݺ˶֮Ǿ´ʱӡǴ󣬱ϾرʱӡǴ󣬶԰ɵӰ̫ˡ
ѪҪûҪӱܡ
Ѫ䣬һսŵĵ۾ͳ죬һѪӣǧѪǿߣƺƵͨ˰ϣӭǵĴи߲㣬Ȼһ
ΨŽᣬа취ԿѪˣ
˵׷ɱҵã
Ѫ֪ԼñȽ϶ԷȻʱӡǴоֺܲõԤУһֱ֣Ӷϵ峤
ûа
Ĵܼ̳˵ֻҪΪ̫ӱ׷ɱɽСӣһֱûмѪĹ˰
СɽǰͽһϵһǱΧԱˣǲδѪĹλѪǰϢŭ˵
峤Ҳǳ˵ƺǷŭѪ䣬ѹǳ˵ѪսĿֲս
ɽһֱһģ˵ǸʥĹῪʱ򣬾кܶԣ˵ǽĴڴΧɽá
ѪôŶԷĻɫΪѿ˵ɽǱԱˣÿҲ׶༪١ĸ壬ǵӺܴ󣬵˱ã
⣬Ѫˣ治֪ﰡ
ĳҲɫʼһҧ֪ݺȥ
ѪˣһЩӡԿ֮ͻ˵Ļˡ
ʱ򣬰վ˳ѪӳһЩӡǼӰֶΣмӵ֮󣬱֮һ
ѪֱӽЩӡͬʱ򿪣б㸡ֳ˲ٳӰеȷֹֻںݺӰδֹ
Щӡƺǵȷûмݺһֱ׷ɱһϵİνͽ
Ѫȴȥô࣬ӡǿԼ¼ʵԷȴδʵ¼
ʾģȫֻӳ֮
ѪЩӡȻͻȻһ飬ɫڰϵʱ˭ṩӡң
⻰һʱĴȫסˡ
ʵϣϵսӡǿ϶еģóѪ俴ڰϵսʾ˺ݺϸˣ
ôòǾͱҲˡ
Ѫǰһŭ֮ɫ˵Щ˶˺ݺȥ򣬾ûкݺĴڣҲѾԼˣԷƵԱộ
ԣѪ֮ŭ˲䱬һ̧֣ѪɫĴһѪɫֱۣҪԷһ
ֻҪһѪвԷ¶Է˵һ˵ҲڶһвȥվὫʵ˵
ԷȻҲѪĴ㡣
Ĵĸ߲״ʱͬʱ֣ܹʮף˲ʩչֶΣѪɫֱ۸ֵסˣ
ȻѪ伫Ϊʱ˿ȴҲ޷ʮǿߵ£Էеĳһ
ҪѪԣ
Ѫ䶯裬Ц
ѪˣҲҪ̫ˣҪ֪ǺӣǰǣɲѪǺӣ˺ǲ˽룬øλ˿ս۾ͳ˵ģ
һȫֵѪѪɫֱۣʱһѪ˳ܵ󣬶ʱܵ˷
˵赲סѪĶʮҲܡ
ͬǴף໥֮ǺܴģƴʦĻǽӽ񾳽Ĵڣһֱ̧ѹʮס
Ĵ壬֮ԲѪԿΪ۷ǿ߱ȲѪе۷ǿߡ
Ѫ䣬ѪǿģȴѾһ֮ǣסĴǿߣɼʵǶôֲ
ǿɵøҸˣ˭ں
ѪЦȳɽֻھɱ˽̫ӣ׷ᣬҲŹǺôɣ˵֣֮Ѫһ±ҪĴȫˣ


1158 һ
Ѫ˿ĻĴ֮ȫЩŭͬʱҲЩľǻû뵽ΪһѪ幫Ѫ侹Ȼ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ĴһҲǺǵģҪĴܣϾִģ¼϶˵˳档
˵˽˶ԹѪҪͬʱĴ˵ʧΪأ˲Ѫô
Ѿ˵úˣѪˡ
峤ʱɫࣺǲûмѪĹ㲻Ҫ̫˱ĻȾͻزȥˣ
в𣿡
Ѫ΢̣ɨһ۳ĴˣջѪɫֱۣѪɫĻع鵽Լڡ
ǶԸɽӡȫóҪֻ뿪˰֮ģǿûõӰȻ뿪
Ѫ䵭˵
ʵϣԿ϶ݺ϶һģԷϣҲû֤ݣ治Щ˳֡
ͿԷҪӦˣ
óӡ
ܣ
ѪԷóӡΪӡеĳ޷ĵģһó֤ݽȷ䣬ǲܽƱ硣
ҪϣҲóӡѪָΣ

ϣĴѪסʱ򣬴ʱھʮУҲ˱仯
ǿǺɫкСһЩˣٶȥһܹ֮ȫˡ
ǣҲ֪ǿɫʯʲôҴСһѣȻͷ
ǰǿ£ܹٶˣҪҷӦÿ죬ҲѾˣܻ˵
ھиʣĴǿߣߣĵʱ㻥죬۲е״̬
ٶ˷ɢĸ壬ĴؾǿߣԾۼһ𣬷ֱеĸ򣬹۲С
ЩˣҪʱעеһʲôȽشı仯Ҫ֪߲ͨ㡣
ƽҲûʲô;һģʱĴҲ໥̽һ顣
ܹٶʮˣΧи۲žеһ˿һı䣬˿֪ھڲȻţһţʾľģ
ڣٶ˸û뵽ǣط֮͵ˡ
ˣڸϵˡ
һ֮еŮӣиǹ۲һ⸽ĻȻ̾˿
𣿡
һӵ̺ϧУҲ޿ռдȴûܿӰ
ŰɣȻˣΧЩļһûҪˣְɣһ
ŮȻһûбκע⵽
ףոǱߺʲôϢ֣ǸоûУ
ھиٶˣмʶ֪ȽǿģȻŷŮĵط˹ȥдɻ
ǲۻˣǱʲô
ΧҲ۲ȥ׷ױʾʲôûоɾЦСǲ̫ˣֵطôʲôǿĴڳ֡
վ˾֮ģϾȫؾǿߣҪȫûо֮ĵĻҲܻڣز
ԣȺʱ׼ʲôΣգܹһʱӦѡԿܡ
Ҳһ̣һƬڵյУͻȻһƬѪը
ڽʮؾǿ߾ۼĵطһжȻ壬ȻѾϮ׼һȴҲû˿취͵ֵ
ֻһУڰеĴڱ㽫ʮһλȫɵնأ
ô£
ȫЩΣ٣ʱͱޱȾȻȴѾˡ

һŮ֮𣬽űһƮӳͬһʮ˾ۼĵطȫ
ʮؾǿߣ˷ӦʩչֶΣҪɢƬȴ޼£͵ϮĶԷǳ̫ˣ
ţһƬУεۣԾԵķƻʮؾǿ߷׷ɱһûܹߡ
Ǳߣ˺ͽǿ߲еһȥʮؾǿȫʬҪܣȴ⸽ռѱϣ޷ʩչռ뿪
֮˵ĸɴ䣬ܹһٶ˾ۼĵطͻҶˡ
дۣЩؾǿߣЩǿҲûԴУԷ͵ϮʱҲܹܵԷϢ̷˷
ֻϧԷռ͵ϮƣŰЩ˻ûӦһնɱһС룬ʣһС룬͵ϮߵĶ֡
塢塢壬ֱǱһ˸ɵ
ߣкܶͬʱ͵ϮȻЩʵȲǿģҲμΣڷ͵Ϯ֮Ҳ˸в⵽ǵĴڡ
ӣ
̾ܵͷҽ丶жбϾϰٸˣһ˲ȫɱŻңֱӴ߶ΣŰǷѸٷȥ
ռȻβܶãֱӷɳȥǿԵģֻϧӵõ
ӵԶһѾɳϰľ룬ȫûоΧ˵Ϣˣ¶˿ɫ
ӳˣϽߵ鱨ȥ
ôʱǰͻȻһ׹˸λ׾İǿһ飬̾ͻ˰屾壬һֻɫëľ񣬴߶ģ˲һѩ׷籩ֵһ׹⣡
һŮγλǿߵǰͷϿ̻һö׵ӡǣȻҶ΢
ܣûôס
Ҷ΢˫Ҳ̺ŷŭոտƬڵľУУѾЩ˱ԣԲˡκһˣ
Ҷ΢֮ǰʱ򣬾ͱߣ뿪ϹѰҶ΢ȻҲһˣڵҶ΢Ѿ̤뵽ؾΪһλף
ƾ̫ӡҪԸһλ׾İ޼׾ٵ顣
Ҷ΢ˣôոնЩĴ޷͵ϮҲͺ֮ˣеŮӣȻԭϵʥŮ
ˣȻԾϹӰ˾Ԫסɵһؾǿߣа֮ڣƾ͵ϮĳǿߣĴٶ˲ɱҲʲôֵˡ


1159 
Ҷ΢λǰ̫ӡ˲䱬ֲ׹ҫ֮£λ׵ķݿĴݻ٣˲ûκκۼ
ֻϵһ޾ս̫״ݻ˴룬ȻӡҲСҲѾٵòˡ
Ӧȫ㶨˰ɡ
Ҷ΢Žնɱ˺üޣʱ̧ͷз򣬻ǰһӡ
һֱӴԭʧžз˹ȥ
Ҷ΢ʱ˾Ԫ׺͵ѾڵˣһͣھиǰľС
У̫ˣóȻ붼ֻ·һ
еĿŵˣеĿ֮УŵȻʧɫ
Сӻûء
˾ԪһЦȻ磺ҼթСӣҪҲܾȥģ£Ҳ˵
ȻԲߣǻڴһ°ɣУҪһʱŻɢǾһ°ɡ
˵ͷȻĿ¶һĨ׹⣺ڼҪЩ֮ǰȫɵ
»˵ء
һ䲻˵һ䣬ݱȽɭΪ˻Ҳ࣬뵽ؼȥ
˵ˣҲҵĶ֣ɱͿԣɱͲԣ
΢̣ڹҶȻ֣йԼ񾳽Ĵڣֻһ¶⣬ܶڣҪ飬ǾƻĺԼɾֵøˡ
Ҷ΢촽˫üšһĵžУĲţǧҪˡ

֮⣬˸Ϲ˲ɱĴٶ˵ʱ򣬰ϣĴ˵ǿǣںѪš
ˣΧ˺鷳ˣһϵˣ
ͻȻĴУ˵һȻҲԳһֹȻһϵˣ
ͨʱӡǴԶͨѶֶΣǷʲôϢȥòش
ûʲôµĻΧŵȺˣӦÿһʱ䷢һϢʲôҪʾԼûʲô¡
ͻȻ֮䣬Ĵ֮ȫʧȥϵ
ǵɫ˲ˣһǰѪѪˣǾȻ֮£ûȥ͵Ϯˡɶ˵ˣѾ·ϣҵҪҪ˵ȥͣ
͵Ϯˣ
Ѫ䱾ںǳԷóӡƺԷһطŵȫ⣬̲סЦ
Ĵ廹ŰɻҿûʲôȤȥ͵Ϯ飬Ըǣõ͵Ϯ
ѪЦǵͦϻ˵ϽɽڰϵӡóԼ֪һʲô
Ѫ䣬ʲôأѵ뽫ĸȫɱɣ
ʱһŴȱ⾳ʱʱӡǴд˳žһˣʱӡǴ߳
⻰һѪɫʱЩ仯
ˣʱӡǴ˹ȥ
һ˵УΪ֮һͷߣոǻͷ˵ڹͷǸͬװӣÿһ϶ɢǿϢٴﵽѪˮ׼
ϣȫһİɫӣϿӡŸ޵ĻƣŸ壬˵ı־
˵ˣ
ͷһڻˣ
Ĵ˵˶ʱϲ˵ˣûҪ찡һѪˮ׼ĳǿߣ
һѪѪ䣬϶ǲ˰ɣ
ϧǣȥʧˡ
Ѫ۾ǹͷߣϺӣֹʲô£ñ׷ɱʱҲûǳȰһ£ϻ˵ֻҪҵãҪˣЩһһŹ
Ϻӣ
һƺֱڳ֮ȫˡ
ҶԺʦ񣡡
ǹͷһŨüëӣʱѪȳ
޷
ǹͷȴǺǺһЦֹ̧֮˵ļȻѪ˵ѪɷģգǱֹģ϶ʧ
ϺӣҵҪôֹ
ѪһЦˡ
ĴˣѪȻôţʱЩͬʱҲЩ£Ѫ壬Ͼ彮УеܹռһǺӵǿ尡Ҫķŭˣܽѹ
ǿѪ˳ƺ˵ǿߣϺӡǹͷȴ֪Ѫһ彮Уôĵλ
ȰѰսӡɡ
ۣŸ޻ƵĹͷߣҲǱΪϺӡĺʦֱ̧ͷĴķ򣬶˵
ˣһֱΪ彮ڸ׵ĻԹƽԻǿڴһµģΪˣѪҲû̫ΪѶԷƾԷȥ
λʦĻĴȫ
ҪʱӡһɾܹǽϽݺشľˣ
ˣȥɣ˵ǰˣѪлǶֵġ
ˣûвԸݺԴʱİã֪ӡĻѪ䲻ưոݣȰ峤˵
峤Ǹڰֵ֪˵ֱӽˣ
ҲΪ˵ڣŸ뽻ˣҪȻ¸սѪͻɱǶ֡
ںʦǲѪ䶯ˣҲֲѪȥ֡
ͬͺݺûʲôϵҲȰͽĴܼҽӡۿûа취ֻܽʱصӡȡ˵ĺʦ
ͷߺʦӹЩӡȻд߶֮ǰڰϣͺݺսĳֱʾ˳
壡
Ѫһʱ˫ðǽĴϴ˹ͺݺ֣ЩӡУȻҲ˺ݺݺʱͽսĻ棬ȫչ˵ǰ
ۿѪ˫ð𣬽ܼļΪڴϿѾСӺѪһˣϣѪ䲻ҪŭǨƵϰɣ
˵ǣձСӺ˵ģȴ֣ԡ
ܼһܣţû̫ǣ˵ĺʦˣ԰ȫӦǲҪĵģ⳥һЩѪˡ


1160 ʦ
Ѫ˼ȥЩӡУڰϹսкݺг档
ǿȻλףλ׶ɵʱȫһͽЩ֮ǰ֪ǿǣҲȫ˵
СӣŸո̤뵽ǵ۾Ĳΰɣ
Ȼܹսʤλףλס⣬ʵ̫ˣ
ڳˣʦ˵ĳǿߣʱҲǱսˣûõȻǵ۾Ϊʮͬʱɵ
Ҫ֮УܳţǾͺüˣϧϧ
ʦ۾š
ţת˺ݺϣݺλ׵ΪӲǿߣϣʱڻܲ·磬ҲǼΪǿֲԽս֮󣬺ݺսҲû̫ھȡ
ϾѪ֪飬Ҳɽȴûʲô˵ġ
ܿ죬еĺݺȴϵͨУֱӽһը⻭ѪĿѣȭͷ˲
ɶһ
ѪɨһȺУȴֽϲУҲסû̷ǴȥȰЩӡ㡣
ܿ죬ݺ߶ʮѪɫȥԼǼ֮϶ս˳ѪͺЩ
ǵãݺôΣѵʱȻѡȱ⣬ǲ˵ʲô
ΣֻܼȥôҪʱʲôС
ţ嵱ݺûǽ뵽СУһĻѪͺʱ˿ͺݺӦǲΣյ˰
ƾˣѾͺݺΣգԽȥ
ȻѪͺ˼¿ͷֺݺܿͻصС磬ӦǶԸȥˣǴСӡǣֱӳʱӡǴȥ
ȻʱӡǴĴźȻرգȻֹ뿪
塣
ѪͺѪˣ֪̾ԭ򣬿϶ǰ峤ˣʱӡǴĴŹرյģʾͱ˰ͽѾվһ
һͺݺ˵֮ˡ
ŵ飬ȴǳ˲˵ԤϣȻֱӻޣ״ǰʧˣȻЩӡӰǷˡ
֮ڰ֮չֵЩ׳ڰǵķ֮⣬ݽסȻĴǧǿΧ£ΧǾγɾС
ǿʯӦþǾĽо۸Ķɡ
Ѫͺ֪ʵݣȻܹ²ڳ˰˵ĺʦڣȴ֪ʯʲô
Уʯص㣬ؼͺݺڵΡ
Ѫ䣬ڿˣоΣ
ʦ΢΢Ц˵
ˣȺһȻƭң˵ûãҪһɱˣȻˣҲˡЩһˣõѪЩһҪۣ
ѪһɭȻɨĴǿһۡ
ţ嶯
ʦȴЦһЦúСӣ»ûأҿСӿɲôĸԸȥġԣǲ⣬иȥλΣ
ʦдŻһµʱŻɢǿԵһٿġ
һԺ峤˵
һǺҲͿһʱú׼ˣĸѪҲڰܵһͿ
Ҳôģһڼ䣬Ĵɲ뿪һ۲ȵȷɽѪĹپδ£Σ
ʦ˵ͷ˵
ҿɲô롣
Ѫһ߳ѾˣЩһǰװ׶һµʱ䣿ҿɲӦ
Ҫǹûأ
ʦЦЦǰɱЩˣԩˣ
ʲôԩģ
ѪЦ鷳ˣձƵ·ΪѵͲӦõõѵ𣿡
ô˵Ƕȥ⿴ɣǸٶˣһϵˣǳʲô⡣
峤ڴսУ⵽ʧ˵СģҲδõʲôôиʮȫĻʧɾ̫ˣǺȥʲô
ãȹȥУѪ䣬һȥɣʱҪ
ʦ˵ţͬʱȻѪ䴫СӣǧҪ嶯ڻŵĿԺܴ󣡡
ߡ
ѪһҲͬ˺ʦ˵
һѪȻҲϣݺ£Ҳϣݺû⣬ţڶҪ֣Ҳͻƺʦ
Ѫ˵ĺʦʵʵҲڲ֮䣬ҪݵĻʦҲѪȥ
ʦȷƢȽϺãѪҲ̫ӣҲûж˵ʲôˣ֮ܶȷҪȵ֮бĵطȥһµġ
Ƕ˵иϵˣȫˣǲŴġ
ѪЦȻ͸ʦһŰȥˡ
ĸˣʱŭɶ뵽ԼʵʵǱȲѪڵѪ壬ջֻ
һǧˣ˺ʦ˵Ĵ£Ű֮⣬ıĵط˹ȥûʲô谭£ʮľܿͿԵ
ֻһʱ֮˾Ѿӽи
ǹȻоѪȵϢյƺžһս߿˵һɱ
أ
Ĵˣȫһٶ˾ȻһˣвŵѪϢƺǱȫɱˣ
˵Ǳطȥˣ
ߵĻٶ˶ȥɣ
ڸš
ʦ⸽ʱɫһƾΪܹΧأȴҲ޷֪Էʲôطһֲ̫õĸо
Ҫ֪ƾʦΪϳ񾳽۷ǿ֮⣬ܹӵù֪Ĵˣ
صٶ˿ȫˣѪ֮ˣܹŵƬеѪϢأŨǷһɱ
Ѫ˵ţΧϢȻҲܵأȴţϾ˵ĵ˾ѣ
ɱĸļһѪˣڱ˰ˣȻúʹ졣


1161 尾ȴ
иյУһţ˾Ԫ׺͵ɻҶ΢ˣȫСУѱ˷֡
벻˵˹ȻˣƺΪٶ޵ġǹעĵطҲǾΧУΪʲôأ
ţԷһʱ֮䲻ܷټȻ֡
ֱѪĻ΢ƲһЩ飬Щ鵹û뵽ġ
Щ˶Իƺ彮򻹽ʶһŮӣŮѪĹȻһֱһ𡭡
ƲЩϣһЩ˵Ѫ幫ȷûء
һҵ˸ѣѪ壬ȷѪ幫ˣѪˣǻġ
ţʱȴûгǰϾ壬ɱٶؾޣԷֵĻǻ鷳ġ
ż֣ѪˣͲȥ϶ɱɱûĻͲһҪˣ

ȴ尾
ѪѪϰˣԼĴǧˣ˵ĺʦˣȫھиȴ
ڼĴ岻ȴʼûܹõٶ˵κϢٶ˷·˼һͻȻͳʧˡ
˶Ҳ൱ӣʦĸ˵ܲҵʲôֵǣʦһֱܸоΧصϢ˾ǲҲ޷Էҳ
úʦѪоǿߣвڲ²⣬ԷʲôĿġ
᲻ҪǿɫʯϾǾµģҴо۵йأʯ᲻Ǵ˵е֮
Ѫ̲סš
û뵽һߵʵݻȻҲõģֻܼһֱ²ȥˡ
ʱš
һµʱ䣬Щ˵ȴ㳤
ħ֮ĵһֱյ˵أʱȴûҲôŨľĻ£ǰݺС
һʱӾ˺ܶණħ֮ĵǴҪҪʾľﵽһɣ
һɵľģѾתΪʾľģһʵת䣬ʵһȫתĻʮʵ
ϧȥʱ䲻ˣоõΧѾɢϣ뿪ڲռ䣬ȥ顣
ڣϣѪ˿϶Űɣ
ֻȥ룬ֻĴԱߵĻǲһα˵Է׼һܳɣеǰ취նԷ
ݺôˣ
Ѫɫ׹СеĺݺȥϢѯʵĵȻ֮ͨˣˡ
ݺûͺˣһö֮󣬺ܿͻָѩ״ȣȫǰһƯ
Ѫý֮ͨԱ룬ȴûô׻ָ
Żָʮ֮һɣ»þһܹȫָƻǺأҪȻĻһӶָˡ
ݺЩҡ
⣬Ѿʮż޾սһ޾ƷҪˡģ޾Ʒʮ޾Ʒˡ
ݺ˵
ˣͷе㱾µģ
Ϊϲһܹʮ˼޾սǵĻսһ¥
뵽Լ
ҵ޾սҲֻѪʥͼͶϿʥȪֻ޾ƷսѣƺЩˡܰȫ޸ܹӵһ޾Ʒսˡ
š
ȻѪʥͼͶϿʥȪõֶΣʵϲرǿҲֻ޾ƷսˣޣǼ޾ƷսȣԶԶ硣
ȻݺȥǼսϵһľѾнöֻҪѼöһľ壬ܽȫ޸Ϊ޾Ʒսˣ
ϧںݺҲûһľ壬ԴֻҪؾǿ߱ĽۣȴҪʱ䡣
ݺòⶫģԲδ׼ҪľĻٶҲǺҪöһľ壬ٵһʱ䣬ҹĽۡ
ԣָݺûõˣҲúݺһŮǿרΪһľ塣
ľֶֻҪǮͿˣöһľ壬ңȵÿҸطֱӾͿˡ
ݺ˵Ҳͷˡ
֮ǰû뵽ȴˣԼ޸һ޸սٴһء
޾ƷսжǿǷǳڴģ
Щ޾սҲõȳȥ֮ٷˣھڲɲСгȥ
ţͨ
ڲռ֮󲻾ãͷԼͨȻȥ֪Ĵ
֮ǰһʱڣֻܸܵеĴڡ
ڣٴθ֪磬ȴЩڻɢˣ
࣬뿪ˡ
ţ׼Ӿڲռгˡ

һµʱ䣬Ѫ䡢ʦԼĴǿǣȫȵüΪͷˡ
ڵʵеͷһ¹ڵɢȥ˴룬ʣµһС֣Ѿ޷ʲôвˡ
ȻһɫʯɭɲҲ֪ʲôĴڡ
ʦһۿм䣬𽥳ǰľ̲סпһݵλǿߣûнӴĶ
ýˣɽûŵĻӦþҪˡڿʼ˭Ҳ׼ǿʯ̷
Ѫ䵽ʱüΪĶžķڴſߺݺǳ֡
ܹΨһܣʯڲռ䣬Ƕ棬ŵĻ϶Ҫˡ
һԵĺҲɫص˵ѪѪӺ츳ûôǿͺݺĹϵȴҪһЩϾ׽ܣƽһһ
Ȼ˵ѪͺݺϵãֻǱϾѪһֱսսͺݺദʱȽ٣УֻҪãǾûʸ۸
ĸǿҲ쳣ţҪʼû˴ʯгĻǿҪѪŭ
ҪɽͺݺûҲûôǰŬȫˣ
ìܵĸˣļΪ


1162 
˵ĵȴǹȻһӰڵľʯ֮л߳ɫ·üĿ㣬˫Ŀ
Сɽ
ȺУʱһƬ֮Щĸˣʱ˿ȫ𾪲ҧг
СɽǺɫľʯֵסǱɱһֲУĴٶ˾룬ȫϮɱ𣬶ԼȻû
ʯʲô
ЩȫܵһȫŲߡ
Ȼš
ѪѪѪӺҲ¶Цݣ֮ǰǾ֪ݺǻصԼСУˣݺ϶Ҳûˡ
ѾܵؿڵѪɫ׹ӵϢǺݺСӡǣ
˵ĺʦҲ˿Ϊ˵ˣܶΪì֮սˣҪǴã϶Ҳǻ屻ڼŭѪ£¡
СӳˣôѪ幫϶Ҳûµˡ
γֵʱ򣬻ڰҲǰ˿û£ҪȻĻ϶ҪѪ֣һԸĸˡ
Ȼû£ʱҲòųˣ¿ûô׽кϷԿٵȵȡ
ڰй۲죬ƾڳûܹѪ䡢ʦ⼶ʩչ̽ͨС
ǴѪĹϵǱȽϺ棬ҪȥηչϾ˽Ҳر࣬ڰй۲һҲǲ
Ӿ߳һӾͿԶǧǿߣкȻѪѪͺ
˿ѪڣİȫͲʲôˡ
ҸоŮڸ
ʱͻȻյеʶСʱЩȡ
Ůˣ

С͡
ˣ
һݣƿذгΧ̽ȥȴûܹ̽⵽Ĵڣֻģ֪Ӧû
ô˵Ӧڸ˰ɣ
΢΢Ѫڣ͸õԼȫˡ
ɡ
ûеһʱȥѪǻϣȻҲָڸȽջص˾Ľ統С
ֵעǣһα֮Ϣƺɭˣָƿصĸо
ƺһֱþƣʣ´ǱҪǧˣһεĻ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô
ţԴ˱þ
ջصĽ֮յɭȻϢѪݺҲԼСгˡ
γǰѪǰΪ֮һŮ֮ǰܵˣڳ֮ͨ⣬Ѿȫָ˼͸죬ˡ
ǻţܵܣ
ݺЦţһֱ֣ӱ㳯Ѫڷ˹ȥ
δֹֹҲֹˣݺ̫߳ˡ
ۿ˶ԶȺУȫ̲ס۾ѪȻСɽϵôˣ
Ҳԣ˾һƴϵҪǻҲ˵ȥֻǣóвЩƽˡ
ҪǸѪͺЩѪǿߣһߣѪĹݺȻһܣ߰
ҲǰһϽֵĹϵˡ
Ȼ˷ܹҲֶѲ˹ϵûĻǿ¾ͼˡ
ѪĺݺȻʮָ˵ģĶ͡
ԭɱնɱ˽̫ӣҲֻǱ֮ͬʵǿˣѪȻͣȴδ̫Ͼ˫βͬ
ڣѪĿѾȫıˣ
Ȼڲǵ۾磬ȴĴΧ£ݺ
ǻѪ䵥ǹƥҲһܹһ㣬˵ʯԵʣӵʯҲı¡
Сܣ硣
ݺֱѪͺǰȻЩǸָ鷳ˡ
ɹֲ㡣
ѪЩЦݺԴֻϻ̫ˣʮѪɫ޷İȫ´γţǵôʮ׾Ѫɫ
˵Цˣʮ׾ѪɫҪѪĴͿˣ
ݺһЦȻֱۣһܻţǿأҴջ٣˵׬ˡ
һۣδֱֻۣ룬Ѫҩ֮ͨ𣬿ǲѪͺˣӦ̫ˡ
˵Ѫ϶ǿˣΪѪý֮ͨ޾սģ˵еȻ׬˵ģΨһпܵʧþһΣЩ̫õӰ
ȻоǱ¶˾
Ҳûа취飬¶Լ͵֮ѡĸ˶һľˡ
ããáڿԸǻȥѪǺ˰ɣ
ѪһЦ͵ĿԺݺֱҲΪ⣺ȥĻȥҶסˡ
Ҿ˵ӦõȵȰɡ
һ˵ĺʦʱҲЦǺǵģȻѪ幫û£ǽ֮£˰ɣϾҶ֮ˣûҪֵ̫Ժ߸ıˡ
ѪˣܵǺʲô
ʦһһ˵ͺݺȻǵһʱ൱ӡ
ˣɾһˡЩ飬ǾȽϺá
ѪȴҡҡͷиֳһĨɱͻȻͻͷ˺塢塢ͽ֮ˣ
һһܿͻָûбѪŵΪڿ˵ڳʦѪ
ҲˣʲôˣǾ˱ȽϺá
ܼ˵ͷȻͬѪ˵ҪˣѪ޹ˡ
ţܼҲͷ壬ȴ彮ɱ䣬޷죬ɱ̫ȣںҽضŹˣʦջֹҵȽС£
⻰һʱ۾ڻǲ
ڵǲ£ϾҲڸʲô˵ĺʦҲԹۡ
ֱ۵ĺݺȴˣһ³ǽܼҵ˹ȥʲôǴϣ㣬ǴѾˣԺҲǴˣҪĻɵ׼


1163 ս
ݺⷬʱýڳʣȫˡ
ˣ
ôܣ
Ȼһʱ챻Ѫ뵽СУƾϵֶΣӲҲɣ
ЩޣȻ֪ںݺСлͷĴڡ
ǰǰʧֻʣˣ֮ףλףоͰ׾Ľܼҡ
һʼǽλ׺λףͱɱնɱʬ嶼ȫߣʲôû¡
žǴϱݺС磬֪ҲѾˡ
ΣǧֹʮؾޣʱΧصȫɵˣʧΪء
Եڣоֻʣ˸ޣ
ܼɫ࣬ͺݺǣú
˭úԼ
ݺмһЦ̫Ϊͬ޵Уɽűɽ䶷Ļɱ£ϰ˿ǴȴһҪ׷ɱɽҲˡҵ뿴ǽ˾жҪ˲ſϰݣ
úλСֵܣǴδҪ鷳һֱǽԼʧ˲أֵ˭
ѪҲһԵ˵ᣬǵʧӲأҷȰһ䣬ΪؾߣӦǿƵİɣ
ʵڽЩˣҲ֪ʧ̫ˣ˵ɽûѾɱˣҲǵòʧ
ؼǣˣѾû·ȥҪˣ
ȻҪұҲǲǻᡣ
ʱ˰ֱ֣Ӷǽܼ˵˵ǰ֤ӦǲˣˣˣҪұĻ;ɳС˭ҶӦսһһۣ۽Σ¶ˣΣ
֮˵Ҳǵģ̫ѾǽһǿĴˣٴ꣬Ҳλ׾Ĵڡ
ոնɱһɵʾģҪúʵһԼʵˡ
һʱΧ֮ȫһݺ
ݺû뵽ȻԼսѵСӣһͻƣ
ѪһĹһ˫гŲһɣû˵ʲôȻսǿ϶аյġ
ǵ۾ʱԽսǵ۾Ҳ⣬λףҲ㹻ıֶΣܵز᲻Ұɡ
ݺţ΢΢𣬵Ƕġ
ֵܣаգ
Ѫɫһʵ
ģֻҪǴﵽλ׵ģӦûʲô⡣
˵ͷʮֿ϶˵
Ҿͷˡ
Ѫ˵ͷȻ̧ͷǽܼңһмǽ御ֻܷҪһλСֵܶӦսһĽޣʮΪ޶Ȱɣʮ£˭У
Ѫڽ廹Щ˽ģʮµĽޣǿľǽĶ̫ӣҲ֮ǰ̫ӵĸ磬λ׵ĲΡ
Ȼ̫츳̫ӣϾλ׵Ϊۺʵ̫ӻҪǿġ
ֱö̫ӹΪܱܵͿˣŶ̫Ӳܾ
нĴԽܼ˵
ܼҲһ˫֮粻оȻ˷ս϶һİա
ǿԣ˵սضҪ֤˵ĺʦΪ֤ˣսУԲ˰æǰҲУΪʧܣɶԷô
ܼҶԺʦı˱ȭȻ˵
û⣬Ҳκ˰æ
ЦһֱӴӦ
ҪŵлĻ˵λףλ£ϧŵѾĹˡ
أԷΪ֮ǰŵλסλȫɵԲ裬Ϊǰ˱˵
ɲܴСкκ
ܼ˵
Ǿã֮ǰǴСнгʲôǿߣɱʮؾǿߣ˵ҲǸôɱŵܺϵûκ˲µ
ģңǲҪˣǲ鷳ˡ
˵
кʦǰ֤ǱضԼ
ܼȻ
ǿɲһ֮ǰ̫ӾʱҲ˵۽ΣΪȴ׷ɱҵǺˡ
ӵ˵
仰ֱӽЩȫҭ˻ȥʱһ仰˵ˣΪ⻰޴ӷ
ǲûζãΪܿ죬Ҳʼѣ
峤˳ɫȻĶ˵Ǻ壬ҲкܴԹ𣬲ɲʦ֤ǿħǺӹż䣬Ӱɱ硢һϵ棬֮ͬɲ
ʵǺħҲ̫һǰбоһģһء
ǺЦʱħΧҺ磬ԼλۣͬΣħץסֱӴħҺΧסȻħֱɱΣȻҪɱǣ֮һģһˣҼʯʯǱԼ
һú˶ʱɫࡣ
ħǿ߲٣ҪһǰʯɱȴҪϾܹʮа
һеһУɣ
Щ֮ˣɲȥµԼǶԣҪɵǡ
ߣϻ˵Ǻһ¾㽻磬һϵʮͽҲҪԼսһ彮ˡ
峤һ˵
ȻˣǾˣͽһۣº໥׼ҶԷ鷳
۾˵ʵҵǲ鷳ֻǶһȺӬһʱ䶼ûУǿɶ
⻰һʱóĴȫŭ
Ӭ
Ĵǿ߾ȻСӵǲӬ
ǿ벻̣
Ž峤ͳҲվ˳ֱӶս㲻Ҫٳѿ֮ղ׵ˣҽҲҪս
˵ĺʦڳǲҪҲֻõսķʽˡ


1164 ע
塢塢壬̳սʣ°壬ͬҲû¡
峤ѾֻվߵӪԼȻҪս϶ҲɳսͬһӪ
ɽֻҪǣ֮ĶԹԼ̣Σ
峤ͼȰ˵
ҲǵĻǲҲҪ˳սңҵʱط㣬ĸսңԿԡ
۾Ȼ˵ĺʦ˵ʦȻˣĳֹˣ˵ݣѾãʵ˵һҲΪ˵ǰɣ
ţģ˵ֻڲˣҲͬ彮ίһĺˡ
ͷߣҲǺʦǺһЦĳкˣطȽϿտҲᲨˣҴҵʱ䶼Ƚϱ󣬻ǲҪȥĺá
ʦ֪̫ͨӹҪʱ䡣
⻰ܼЩż˵
޷СֵÿһսϢһ죬ǰսú塢ͽųˡ
ʦ˰ֱ֣һİ취
ԴˣǺݺѪǣĴ˵ĳԱǵͷͬ⣬˳ûʲô֮
СӼֲ죬ҿڵһľоҪˡ
ǱߣЦ˵ǵȻʤδʼǾͿʼܵĳͼѹ
ֻϧԴ˸ǲΪЩһ˵Щʲôû
۾ɨһǺ塢ͰڶޣȻȻ˵ĶĶûʲô˼ҪҾҪҵҽսҪӮ˵òôҲʵ˵ȥʦأ
ͷߺʦԴûʲôֻǵԼɣ㲻ˣֻ֤Ҫʲôʤ֮ΪġСӣҪˣĻᶪģ㲻ٿһǷҪǵս
͵ÿǣǷҵĶעˣҪӮˣǾ͵ýһǧöһľ壬ʲôԵĶԡ壬壬壬ܴӦ𣿡
峤ȥԼ
һǧöһľ壬ʲôԣ
ЩȣжѣǡСӣҪôһľʲôã
峤˵Ҫóһǧöһľ壬ֱ׾ٵ飬Ͼһ峤
ǣǲ֪Ҫʲôãĺɻ
ҿԴӦ㣬һǧöһľΪעҪӮˣԸ㣬Ҳи
峤΢ֻ̣Ӯһʱǽľ壬ںʦֻĳȫ֮Щľܸ㣬Σ
ڻֲɣ
һЦڲǵսҲסңѪ磬˵𣿡
ҪСֵܾǾͽҪҪֱӰˡ
ѪȻҲ֪ҪһľʲôڵȻҪ˵ģʱһɨǺ峤һۡ
ÿӮһһǧöһľ壿
ɫ΢䣺ЩľǿԼʵ
Σ
ǺһЦȻȻҲ΢һ£ǰսҿԲҪЩľ壬ںͽ̫Ӿ֮ǰһеľ塣
ԡ
峤ԣ˵ͷ
塢峤нĴܼңȻԴҲЩɻ󣬲ҾЩף˵Ҫǲֱ뿪αؽǵս
Ϊ˵õսɱĻᣬĴĸ߲ȫЭˡ
ʵϣҪЩľ壬Ȼڶս̫֮ǰ޸ϣһӵһ޾ƷսԸѾλ׾Ľ̫Ӿ͸аˡ
ں塢塢֮УʮµһУǿҲṳ̂뵽ؾģϾҪ̤ؾҪԴʵ̫ˣһ֮û㹻츳£Ҳʮ֮ǰ̤뵽ؾ
УӵѪ磬пʮ֮ǰ̤ףڣѾΪ棬ϸ˵Ѿ㲻ǰԱˡ
嵱Уʮµޣҳǵ۾˵Ըȫûʲôѹġ
ЩһʵϣȫѪ䷽Ÿһöмţɨһ֮˴ţΪ˲ģսһǿߡ
彮ʮ̤ؾһ徫Ӣδ۷ǿߵĺѡˣǰ¥ɽϵʱ򣬼һһ˫סؽǿ֮ĵӣ̣Щ¥ɽǰĲУ츳һˡ
һ˫˳ţҲڶʮʱ򣬲ΪԵʣ׿һƿ̤뵽ؾ
ں塢ͽУһûؾĴʵˡ
ȻϾЩҲ̫еһṳ̂ؾǵ۾ΣҲѹͬѰޡ
ԸǻһЩѹȻѹ̫
ں峤˵ԼҲǺĵģϾдеطǿϻ޾սԸһؾСӣӦǲʲôġ
ֻҪעţСսû˳ְæ֮ǰԶԸǽʮؾضǽ֮ӦС硣
ĺˣкʦΪ֤Сӿ϶ˣʲôֶΣֻܹԹԵƾԼʵսġ
ٺ٣ǵ۾ôǵ۾۷ǿᲢۣ
УЩ޸۷׷ףԼڵźģյĵȴɳս
𣿵׽˭ϳϽ껹ҪϢء
۷׷ף۲ݣʱ˸Ƿߴ˵
ǺսɣħֶŮħˮںΪ常𣬸һᡣ
Уܿ۳˽ѡһǵ۾ģŶʮ߰Ů
ŮӿòȫǸŮģȫźɫ£İ͹£վ˳ȴǳųޡ
ŮǺӹżȥħֶŮħˮ
ӴǸӣܵܣ㵽ʱɱ
һԷǸŮԵĺݺʱһ£Ц˵


1165 ֮
ûݺĶע˶ԷŮϡ
ħˮǺһмɫˣȻǵ۾ṳ̂ؾ˵λ׶Կһѹ˶Էһء
ӷѪԼУõΪħˮŮϢŮħֶŮħƺͦġ
ɽ
ħˮ߳飬޵ĿͬŮСҼãȻȴգұҪΪ屨𣡡
˵壬Ȼָħ
ɱңѵҲܷˣ߼֣֮ԻΪҶ֣ĻҲɱҪ֪ؾǿߡ
˵ų˳ȥ
Ůħˮ˺ܿ͵ǰһƬУ໥ڳǧߵĿ⡣
ħˮɫ£µ˲ߣǱͶħˮţƽʱǽħˮŮ񣬺޲ΪЬţ
ۿħˮȻҪһСӽЩ߷׷׼
ˮ㣬ɵС֪Ǻ
ǵ۾СӣҲҽˮսǻòͷˣˮ֮ڽ
Ҫ棡ҪܸɵСӣǽ嶨Ȼ㣡
Ĵ˷׷׺ƷǳңҪɱơ
Ѫ䡢ͺݺˣȴǲϾСӿǴ˾۵С磬϶಻˼ֶΣЩֶѪ䶼Ȳϣڵľʯ
Сӣ֪᲻öŮء
Ц˵ⳡǳȤȻ֪ûŮսġ
ֵģȷ
Ѫ۾Ȼദʱ̣ȴԸ񿴵÷ǳ͸ˣΪϿһЩԼӰӡ
ѪԼϳĻԲΪԷŮӻʲôݣκΪǽǶԼĲ
ݺһû˵пóһҲ൱ģȻħˮ˭˭Ӯ᲻Ůɱ֡
ʣһϣͿԿĳЩԸˣ
ȫĿԴڰȴ˵ĺʦѪѪ䣬ʼǿ˶Χ̽飬СĲܱ֤Լ֡
ʦͦģһⳡͲʲôܹƻˡ
ţȻûҪ棬˵ʲôͻϾոնɱٶؾǿߡ
˵ʱΪѾˣԷŭ֮²ľܸѾɱ˾ɱˣڳֵĻˡ
ȫԱߣûڳ뷨
УŮħˮĿгųޣͷϱ鲼źɫĻƣ˷ԸУֻϧʲôģ޷κӰ
ȫֻеȻʱŶԷ֡

ħˮ߳һȫ磬ͬһɫ磬ų޵˫ĿбһֲɫģһɫϮ
۵ͨ磡
Ǻе߱Ƚ϶һͨЩ壬ѪĹϵͨҲкܶ඼һģΪ̳кŴԵʡ
磬ħˮܴ̽ͨ󣬵ǵ۾ʩչҪǶԸѰǵ۾ߣһܽԷ顣
Ȼһж˵㲻ʲô۾ѪʥͼֱſѪʥͼ޾Ʒսϵ˹ľ磬Ȼ͵ϼ𣬵ȴҲܷӳȽϴˡ
Ѫͼ
һʱһѪɫǰֳƮȻ˶ԷһǰһƻȺĺ˲䵲ס
Ѫǹͼ
Ŵ߶ѪʥͼһѪɫǹѪʥͼзɳһѪǹͼֱӱӳ޾սǿЧ
Ѫɫǹֱǰ˲ں統бɢѪɫһ𱬷һγһУħˮȫ˽ȥ
̶ֳȵУ;Ҫ̫ˣǶ˵ûʲôв˵ħˮˡ
ħˮŮӣȴˣǿҪʿǿ٣Դʱ˿̣ɫµĽȫûоһУǺһһ˳űС
˵սе½
սȭڣ
ѪǹͼԷĺ飬Ȼ뵽еУһȭۿսУħˮݺȥ
Ӳƴ
ħˮ״ʱԸеĴ΢΢𣬲мЦһȫȻ֣һͷźɫۼ׵ֱ࣬ӻΪ˱壡
ͷɫۼ޳ɫϲӳһڹϺÿһһе۵ͨ
Ȼȫûκ֮⣬ȭͷֱƾһȭŶԷڹҹȥֻôһȭֱӽڹ䱬
һһڹһȭһȭϽЩڹ䱬ȻŻΪ屾Ůħˮȥ
ȫսļȼսʱһεõ˽һȻδͻƵɾ磬ļǿȴѾǰ
ôǿСӣôܡ
ۿһȭһȭ䱬ĵ۵ֶͨΣħˮĺ˫Ŀг𾪣ȴҲӸȤˡ
ҲգϹ»϶ԼĲ֮ҵСˣܿҪ군ˡ
ħˮиֳɫȫٴ֣޷Ľ䣬һڰսս˾ȻҲ޾ƷսΪΣΧսУûж˷ֺڰ̵ĳ֡
֮٣
ħˮһʱһ׹ͺڹ޾ƷսϽ˲乹һһףԵʯٶȳϮ
ħˮʩչ֮ٵ˲䣬ڰѾǰˣǸħˮͬǵ۾ߣһʱ䷴ӦʩչʲôֶΡ
ǣħˮԵȴ
ӶԷȡڰսʼѾͨƿزˣǰ˶Էڰǰ
һҪԵĽƽҲͲ̫ˣóԷ֮ĺڰǶԷ޾ƷսϵͨĲβʩչħˮͺڰսϳ̶ȣȻѪʥͼϻҪһ


1166 ޼ʯ
ڰ˲ǰͺ󷽣ɭȻйϼŵϢ̲סΪ֮
Ҫ˾ƿأԷгҲˣ
õǣǰ׼ҲϮɱʱ򣬾ڰ;ͻȻ׹ֱ۴г֡
֣֮
ĵһִ֮ͨӸովͿʼ֮۳պþ˺ڰĸǰ
žž
ɭȻľİ׹ֱֱӽסĵ໥ƣײһ
ľģħˮĺģȻǺɫģϢȴȻͬĹɭȻȴײп񱩣˫һ˲俪ʼ˼ҽ
ɭȻİ׹ֱۣǺڰֱס˫ھѸٶײɢڰɱҲ𽥱ָ֮ƻ
ʩչһе۵ͨͽԷͨ޾ƷսֶƵȻؼĻطƿ˴󹦣ҪƿǰܵԷĹ¸ʩչ֮赲ǺڰϮ
ʲô֮٣һпǴûбͬĶֿƹ˵СӲǵ۾
ħˮ˫Ŀ֮г֮ɫĿԼֶκڰھҪնɱʱͻȻкİ׹ֱ۸ץסȻ󳹵ס乥ơ
Сӣܹô췴Ӧģ˵Сʲôǿطʩչͨٶȱ죿
ħˮвڽв²⣬õǣ֮ʽҲɱﵣҲֻһ̽һ΢ǿһЩ̽ǿɱȴסĻȥҲûҪսȥˡ
֮٣ڰɵסûиħˮκηӦʱ䣬ֱӷ˷
Ԩ
һ̧֣ŵڿռѷȻΧг֣ȻӾŸͬķħˮӹȥڼ˾ƿصֶΣǾŵڿռѷϢȫڸסˡ
ղĸܵ˶ԷĹڵħˮȫ֪ԼٿµԨ
ǰħˮ̫ˣ뿿ԨԷɵģϧǣħˮѰޣϾԺĳţһĺ̳ѡ
ȻûиܵԨĿȴһΣյĸо˲侯ȫʱ˺ɫâ
ɫâȻĺޱ˺ɫ⻬ʯ飬ȻһʯΣڡ
ǡط
״ʱǰһ̿ԷʩչķֶΣȻһط
ط¾ǺصǿطˣȻԼ湹һɫ⻬ʯ飬ȫλĹ
Ӧͦ졣
۾űԨǾڿռѷ죬ڴΧӹںɫʯеħˮϡ
ǿƻ˲䱬ԤϵǣԼƷԨûܹǺɫʯθ飬ԨȻһԻֱħˮΧгױȻûܹ˺ħˮֺ
ô£
״ʱɫһ
Ǻط޼ʯΣúĵܹһ⻬̵ʯͷ漫⻬κιܹжųɵͬ޵еķط
һԹսѪѪ۾ͳ֪طԿֱӷǰһæ
ȻҲǸСæѪ䲻˵ҲܺܿƲغɫʯεãȻ֮⣬޼ʯεطܹˡ
漫⻬κκϵᱻƫپųɣﵽųɾţֻʣ²ʮ֮һֻаٷ֮һܹͷ
޼ʯԽߵľ磬ܹƫĹԽ࣬۷壬ܹƫǧ֮Űپʮŵֻǧ֮һ˵ǼµķͽֶΣ
£ħˮŮûн޼ʯܸ߲Σʩչ޼ʯΣȴҲܹƫľųɰ룬Ҳ˵ֻʣ°ɵ޼ʯϣȻ޷Լ̵޼ʯɶˡ
ô
һڹһĴڣԸûʲôѶȣϾӵ޾ƷսϿʥȪģ̫ż似Ͽվɱ
ȻԸǵ۾ޣЩ̫ǿˣ䲻֮£Ҳܽħˮˡ
ڶɱ֮ǰħˮú棬ȻԷǿķֶΣǾҪڹˣҪ飬ǳܷ񽫶ԷĹǴƣ
սȭڣ
ȫս֣Ȼһȭ˲ƶ㵽޼ʯεıϣһȭغ޼ʯϣ
Ȼܵһֵ޼ʯεı洫ȥжԱȥ
ʲôվ÷ģ޼ʯεãǽ޼ʯεжһԣӶ޼ʯܵ
һǿսȭڣЯƻ޼ʯϵʱȴûжκˣ棬طȻӵǿķ
ȴ˼Ҫ֪սһ޾Ʒ似ֻսвܻΣȴܹԸķΧڣʺսˡ
һ似ӹ崦õϹ似޾Ʒļ彮ڣǳһ似
ܽ似Ƚϸߵľ磬ôսǳǳ࣬ൽ޷Ϊ޾似Ҳ˵ƵȥǿȽһһսвûмޡ
ȻԽԽѣûм޵ԣѾ䲻
ԣֻҪһлᣬͻսд߶ս壬ܾһ似ԼǿȾ
ȭͷսȭһȭһȭ޼ʯȥһսĲƴȭͷɢͬˮһΧɢȴʼ޷޼ʯʲôˡ
޼ʯΣطȷܹ֮ӳϰȭ޼ʯȴû˿
ʱĹ仺ͻȻħˮҵ˻ᣬֻ޼ʯͻȻ仯⻬ʯ˲䳯ֹȻ˹˶ֵʯڲ
仯û뵽
޼ʯοҲס֣ҵû뵽ӷת˼Ѹ٣
ϸֳһĨ֮ɫ˶޼ʯУҴӷŵĽһٶȭҪ޼ʯμǲܵ顣
Ҫ޼ʯܺŮħˮѶȿǲС


1167 
ܿ뵽ҪħˮһҪ޼ʯУжϿʥȪ˶Ͽվɱ似޼ʯҲǿԽԷɵģؼҪᡣ
ϾϿվɱ似ʤڳ䲻⣬Է˷ҪԷɵǻɾ΢΢ˡ
޼ʯνҽסĻħˮҪɱҵҲܣ޼ʯγ£ڵħˮ׼һУ޼ʯΣȻ޼ʯγɣ
Ȼ֪ʱǳڶԷ׼ô֮ǰԷλҵȻ󽫶Էɵ
ϿʥȪ
޾ƷսϿʥȪȡǳɫˮ˫֮ϣʱԻУ͸ռȥɱ֡
ڣδóȻжΪնԷλòУҪʩչϿվɱĻ϶пռĲӶħˮǰܵ
ӸոûвԨȴǰʩչ޼ʯзɼħˮΣĸӦǱȽģԲ
ڵңϿʥȪϵܹϵͨΣɱٶȽһɹʽӣֻǣҪսϳ̶ȣȴûôء
ţʼȫȥϿʥȪ޾ƷսϿʥȪϹѾȥ˺ܾʱ䣬ôʱϿʥȪϵԽԽܣҪͻƵͨĲΣȴһƿ

硣
˶ڽŵĿħˮսʱ˿̣ħˮ޼ʯסħˮʩչһƷһ󣬾Ȼܹ޾Ʒսڰ̣
֪ħˮȥһɱУֵסǾ;Իûκλ·
ͨ޾ƷսʩչƷһеɺӣҪֵҲҪһС
ȺУѪӺɫһԳеЩ
޼ʯסҪѳܣ޼ʯΣһпռҪβܷħˮ
ݺüͷ΢壬ʼ˼
ǲ䣬ֻڳеԶܲɲģϾ¶һ
úÿȥɣȥս»Ǵһء
Ѫ΢΢۾΢΢𣬳йսУոڽ޼ʯ似˲࣬Ѫһ
Ȼ޼ʯ似ôǶⳡս˱ʤİգҪȻĻ²С
ȴ֪ս似ҪսвܹʱԼκγЧ
УʦһԲųеսҲ֪Щʲôʵ˼ȴûз̫ħˮսϡ
Ƕ˵սȤǺʦӹĵĻǳо˭ԱߣԷʼûжúʦʼձ̶ȵľ裡
ʦҲԷѾ֧ԮӦþܹʱ䣬ӦǲͽĶ̫һ˲
ٲһϣ㲻ҪˣʱǾ͸ˣҵҪǺηʥ彮ڽɱ
ʦһĨɱ⣬Ϊ˵ˣ彮ڵɱ¼ȻʹģԣһҵԷ顣
塢塢ͽĸ壬ʧȷأ˵ԽܵģϾ̶һڣĸٶؾǿߡ
Ҫ֪һؾǿߣҲҪʮʱ䣬λ׻λףҪʱ͸ˣķѵԴҲǷǳ࣬һٶؾʧ̫ˡ
ΣҪһ
Ϊ˵ĸ߲㣬ʦκ鵱ȻзִģѡԵģҲʹţˣҲ뿪

ˣƷɣҪ
Уħˮ׼ԼľɱֶΣʱ˿޼ʯνס޷ѣֻҪʩչǿֶΣ޼ʯ˲佫ɵħˮܹʤһ黪һţ
ɣԼһƷֲȻ󽫶ɵУԻĽֳ˺ɡ
ң֮ǰиŬڽһֶΣ뵽޾սڰ̵Уƾʵڰս
ǵϲΣҺڰ̻޾ƷսܹǿںƷƻ˷ָ
λױУȫС֮ҲһֵܹһУħˮľɱ֮Ҫƾˣһɱ
ڰ̣߶ţ̾ȻһȻͬһ㽫ڵ޼ʯȫ֡
ڰɵĲУ޾֮н޼ʯγΧţħˮСֵĹ£ǹ޼ʯǻȻֽ⿪ֱʧ
һֱӱ˿ֲƷ󣬲֮£ڰ̵ΰգ˿̾Ȼֱӱ屶
屶δʩչģҲں޾սϵĲ֮󣬲һܱ
һħˮһɵֱ˼£˲佫Уֲ˺
УѾ޷Ӱֻܿڰ̻ľͲڳйգħˮ»ָΪΣվǲ֮ǰԵüС˭ԿеЦݡ
벻һξȻ屶ҸоͺڰҲ˽һϣٹãܺͺڰϵϵĲΣʱӦѾ̤ؾ۷巢
ħˮţ뵽屶еɽ϶ûлĿܣҲûд⣬Ϊ֪еƵġ
һĻὫСӸɵĻôСӿ϶Сеǿ߳æһȻȴҲⳡչأ
˵ĺʦԱߣħˮŮ޷ס֮ǰƶĹ£ħˮѾǱʤĽˣ
ڣڰ̻ɵĲסȴž޴ΣΪħˮĶʵ̫ˣ쵽ûϿʥȪϵ߲ΣûͻƶϿվɱ似ƿ
ɼ˲ϮУڰ֮Уֲӿʼ԰֮˺ǿӲ
̶ȵƾҵԵֵס취ˣ
ҧأ˼


1168 ۷ɱ

ף
սϣ
ʩչзֶΣҽѪʥͼҲȡ˳ֱӴ߶ͷųˡѪͼطͬһʱ䱬
Ůħˮʩչɣʩչط޷ֵס
ֻƷĻƾطǿֵԷһɣƷ󣬶һħˮ޾Ʒսڰϴﵽʱʽ
޾սƷӴʱ˿һб屶طͬݿ㱻ƻݻ٣ǲ֮Ȼϣ˺
ƾȻֵסһʱǲҪΪʤֻһ취֮ǰħˮɵ
ҧأȫ¿սĺ;ĲתϢϲϣŶԷɵ
ͬʱǳɫˮȻ֣Ȼʧ˲ˣΣħˮУҶԷƷĿҲãһҪ
ϿʥȪ޾ƷսһɲǻεĶϿУ˲Ϯ뿪ɵķΧ֮ڡ
Ҳһ̣ͻȻܵԼͶϿʥȪ֮ϳ̶ȵͷΣͻƿϿʥȪﵽ˸߲εϣϵͨĲΣ
ɴˣյĶϿҲ˲䱩ǣ̫ż似Ͽվɱһӵõͻơ
ϿվɱȻֻ̫ż似޾ƷսϿʥȪȴܹӳ
һĨ⣬ʱ˿̵̣ĸܵԼͻƣȻû䣬ڶϿʥȪϿվɱϿһϵе򣬳׵̥ǡ
˼·ŶϿʥȪѾ뿪Լ壬ǰħˮ֮У
۷徳ĶϿվɱԶѰҶԷеĵطдɱ²֪ԷҲһ
Ͽվɱ似۷壬ı仯ǣϿʥȪֱӴɱԷ֮أǰĶࡣ
ǰǶԸϤ֣壬²֪ǵҪڶϿվɱ۷徳磬ͲҪˡ
ԷΪеĵطȻ޵Ĵڣ˵Ȼ
ϿվɱֱӴɱԷܹɹܹһ
ϿʥȪϵϵľ磬Ҳ˲ԶϿʥȪﵽָʹľ磬׾ٵĽƿص˶ϿʥȪϣϢǱ뵽ħˮڡ
һ̣
ȻھɵĿֲϮΪǿᣬһʱȻȴʱȻɱ޾սϿʥȪֱӹ뵽ħˮڡ

һζöϿʥȪɱĴ͸ħˮΪǿȱͲڶϿʥȪĴ͸£Χķȴͬ裬ǳɫˮֱӴд͸䳹׷飡
ʲô
ħˮʱһѪ˫Ŀ֮͸¶һĨŵɫоԼȻ˲ͱ˺ѣôܣ
Ȼڸղһ˲Σյĸоȴδ̽⵽ʲôΣϮһ̱飬˲ﵽǵ۾˹ȥ
飬֮·ħˮ˲޷ƿɵֱӴǿгƳȻֱħˮȥ
ţ
ħˮ飬൱ѾһˣĹض·һۿԼæƺҪͶӡ

ȴû˿ϧ񣬶˵ⳡս֮սͶԷһԷҲ˿顣
֮ɱĵˣԲŹ
ס֣
ǱߵҲˣǷ׷׸оħˮϢ˲üΪЧȻһѪҪɱħˮ
棬˶ʱĿѣ׷׺Ҫֹ֡
ȴûǣһھϢ޾ľ˲佫ħˮ˽ȫûȻʴΪޣ
һսӮˡ壬һǧöһľ壬ͷʦɡ
վյУһˣʱ˿̣ȫ¼ȫãɵĻ£ǿһ̶ȵˣɵħˮһĻԼŲסˡ
˵ʱ飬һԷʲôֶΣܹû֮󻹱սأ
ԲðգϾϸطʵ̫ˡ
㾹ɱҺˣ̫ˣ
ˮûзҶˣСӾȻɱ֣ǲ˼󺦰
˷׷׺˲һƬ
Ұ
Ҳʱ򣬴ӺʦкȻһԵȫֱӽ˵ȥ
սħˮɽսɽʤ壬һǧöһľɣǾ֮ǰ˵õġ
ʦΪ侲˿ûΪƫ̻塣
ʦСӿ尡ɱôˣѵӦܵͷ𣿡
ǣʦ˵˰
˵ĸ߲㣬ʱȻվһСǱߣţ
ħˮһв˵ֱʧأرǺЩһȫ޷ʵƽݵľħˮħˮȴһСУؼǣǻ޷ħˮ
ʦȻҲһ谭ЩеһԺʦҲ
ɡ
峤˿ȴǺ֮ǰ˵սۣʦֻ˹ƽĪҪ
峤ǸްȻ޲̾͸ħˮ𣬵ƻƽĻʦԻվѪСһߣ˷ǳ
ȻѾ˾ԼǾСھˣûҪΪȥŭʦ
峤һۣ޾ɱȻȴʲôҪȻɾǶ˵ĲԺʦĲˣҪ֪ڵˣǴᳫѺϵġ
Ǻʦ̬ȵĸԭ򡭡
εȡһǧöһľ壬ôľ壬ǺҲһԴˣǿĵ򣬼ǵʵ
ڣһǧöһľ壬峤ֻܽʦ
ֻҪСڽȥЩľ嵱Ȼͻ黹ǣֻǣͽ壬бȵħˮһ
峤ľ֮󣬾ͳŰͽķ򲻶ɨӡ


1169 Ŷ
峤ôһɨӣбһ˧ⲽ߳Ⱥ
ɡ
˵˵ţ˫Ŀдһۣ֮һѳ˫ü罣˶һѴϵ齣һֺǿѹȸС
Ŷ죡
ʱΧ˾
Ŷ죬ǰһһˣѪκһǵȣȻŶѪ绹ҪһЩŶʹѾʮˣꡣ
ȵ꣬ѾؾǿˣŶںħˮһֻǵ۾Ϊ
Ȼǣͬǵ۾ĲΣŶǺеǱȺħˮҪ࣬ΪŶĴ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ӵһϹųϹŽΪԸͬ߻ֻҪһͿԽսԾСŶ죬һ˵Ըֻ֣ҪһͿˡ
ڣŶǵ۾ʱ򣬾һնɱһλ׾ǿߣ˲ŵԳѾǵ۾Ѱλ׵ĻҲܹһɱ
ԣŶʵ±ħˮҪǿ٣ҲûбԹԾ˭ǿ˭Ҳ˵һ
ħˮԸһУɣƷ޾ƷսƻΪֲƾԶѰߵǿжֲֻܼʱ䡣
ڵʱʩչͻƵ۷徳ĶϿվɱϿʥȪսϵͨΣֱӽħˮɱⳡսĻһ˭
Ҳڲʲôɱﵵ£ҪɱﵵĻħˮʩչһеĻᡣ
ĶŶ죬֮УԸͬκζֶֻҪһĳǿߣ
츳Ŷ컹磬ŶϾʹЩ绹ս鶼ȽϷḻҪԸҲɡ
Ŷ죬ϹŽϹս
΢΢۾´߳ȺŶ죬һϮƮѩһü罣棬ر˧
ħˮʱĴ˵в궼һŶվʱһȺŮȫǵУŶżż֣ҪĴ˸նˣ
һɵ
֮
С֪ŵʵ
ڶ궼ôǷǳΪħˮֵ±նɱۿԼŮĳȫǱŭ״̬
ҪԼǸ϶ԼԸˣֻϧǵҲ֪֪֮ħˮ֣Щһ͸ˣϳֻѡ
ڣŶˣһЩȫŶ
ȴʱûȥŶ졣
ŲһЩ룬Ȼһץץһڰ̣Լһɫۼס
ԾϢе۵ͨħˮʬ𼣣ֳֻڰ޾Ʒսɫۼħˮδ׳͵Сӡǡ
Ȼħˮֻǵ۾δ̤ؾȴѾڳؾ;ѾԽתΪС磬Դ֮ϵһۼ׻ΪСӡǣֻϧδɹھС
ħˮϿվɱݻ٣û취סɱУǿȣȴǲܵħˮʵӰ죬ƾľϢԽСӡǺ޾Ʒսٵ
㽻ɣɽҪҲûʲôãϾǺ֮Ǽȥˡ
ʱ򣬺ʦˣɨһеĳ˵
Ҫƺû취ܾ
۾Ǻʦһۣ˵ͷδԺʦ顣
һڰ̶˵㲻ʲô̫صĶԼҲв޾ƷսѪʥͼͶϿʥȪͷ޾ƷսûҪΪڰȥʦ
ڶħˮСӡǣδɵСӡǣ˵ûʲôãûҪҴš
οϿźܶСӡǵģ׻ʥĹеõʮȱСӡǣ֮ǰʩչɱʱɱʮؾǿߵСӡǣ
ôСӡǣڶУħˮδ͵Сӡǣûʲô
ԣͽɣڣľȫ֮ԻЩʱöһľнɡ
ȴδֱӽȥ˵š
ڿʦǺܹƽӣȴұ֤ʱͷ߻᲻Լľ彻
ԣЩ˵ٹƽˡ
޷ôһʱʼϢɣһʼ֮ǰڳ˭Ҳ
ʦ֮󣬱˵˵һȥĿ
˵ȻΥʦĻʲôŶȴǳָ˫Ŀ͸¶Ƶɫ
˧΢΢˵ɽܸɵħˮǳӵԤϣϱӣʤΪ㣬ΣʱֻһܽһⳡӮˣô
һʱЦˡ
ôô޳ܣ
ֱӵˣϣֻһУҪܽӮô
Ŷ죬ŶʩչһУˣȻãûǾŶˣҲᶪǺƣ
˵޳ܣȫǲŶ˵ûκηգȻܴӦԷ˶Էһ䡣
Ŷ֮ɫһܾ飬Ȼ൱ջ𣺡Ȼ㲻Ը⣬Ǿˣս㽫֪ʲôֲ
˵仰Ŷתߣص˰ȺУǶľ׼ȥˡ
ûʲôҪ׼ģֻǸոħˮ˲٣ҲҪһʱָ
ܵܣôûʲôɣ
ݺʱӭһӱסֱۣЦû뵽㻹µأԸһŮȻֱɱʬ޴档
ֻҪǵˣʲôŮҲɱɱңһôء
ЦһЦһۺݺҲԼƺһЩ
ȻҪܾҲû취Ϊݺ˲٣ҪѵĻݺѳɹ
һŮֱҲͦģҲöʲôˡ


1170 һ
ȥһ죬ںݺ˵ı£ˣ˵ֱӽħˮˣҲᡣ
ħ֮طָٶȷǳ죬ֻ˲һʱȫһܵ˺۾Ѿȫָˡ
ͿʼܽħˮսʱõĽ͸д
ȣϿʥȪϳ̶ȴﵽͨ飬ҲϵĵڶΣԶϿվɱһ似ҲͻƵ۷壬ѰҶ㣬ۼĵطһٴݻٵ
ΣʩչսȭڣϺ޼ʯΣڼҲõ˲ٸ򣬿ս޾Ʒ似˲٣˵ṳ̂뵽ɾ磬Ҳ˶ˡ
˵ǱȽϹؼģڸħˮսʱδʩչɱҲûжðӰ֮ǿͨԻء
ȻԼʵģ׼̣Կս֮ǰ϶Ҫúܶ׼ȱҵףȥǴйŶ顣
׺縸ҲǰеĹ壬ԶŶ죬ȻǷǳϤģο˰Ŷȣǲ˽ŶҲˡ
Ŷ죬üսǿԸ˵һ˵սص㡣
һ˵Ŷսʽ
ܵ˵ŶǰսһֱǸɴ䣬һ޾ƷĳսȻѳսϹţѾ൱һ޾ƷսͺѪʥͼϿʥȪ
ϹŴսģһ޾ƷĽ似似ֻдһУֻһУŶΪ˰һٮٮߡ
޾ƷĽ似ԳĶһÿһʩչһֶûκ赲֮Ͼ޾似
ЦЦ˵Ȼֻһֵע⣬ֵܹסһôԸ˾ûκˣֻǣ޾Ʒ似ǿԱ屶õĻŶһӱʮĽ
ңǰдǿطҪǲػؽؽУǰ߿߿似ٶȣطȽϸߵȷһκζ֡
ɫҲЩص˵Сֵܣɲܴˣ֪ŶĲػؽѾ˵أؽ˵أطѾңĽ似ٶȺ±ȵѰλˣ
ţõģ֪ˡ
˵ͷ۾
ǿ᲻ôǿҲ´͵ĹŶֶһ͸̫ǿҪƾֵĻҪǿǿȣڵԻﲻǸˮ׼
ԣҪֵԷĶһһЩȽϺõİ취С
Ŷ죬̫ΣˣԸħˮˣٶȽС
ܿսƻȻƻϱ仯Ҳֻܹһ¶Էп顣
Ȼ󣬵ڶ͵ˡ
ʦ˼ǰŶһƬܴΪսأͰƮŶߵƬյС
ڴʱܾˣ㽫ҵĽ¡
ŶŹӵϹųս˵
ҵ㻹ˡ
۾ɵ˵
ʼۣκˣò֣ڣʼ
ʦһԿųУ̽ͨѾǿ̶ȣֹκл뵽˵ľȥ
ںʦһɲǣŶʱɫһ䣬ûʲôһѩ׽ٿȻգϮţ
ÿ죡
һһﻹĲ˵ŶĳٶȣĶģ
ʦո£̾ʩչӰ֮ͨ˲Լ˶ޣ
Ϊ޵ܵκ˺ʱ˿̵൱ʲôڣҪ˵Ŷһ񾳽ĴڣʩչͨҲ˺һëΪʵڵ磬ޣ
ٿȻٴֳ
ʲô
Ŷ״ɫ΢䣬ûз޵һɲǣֻоӰƺ˸һ£Ȼǵɫ㴩͸壬ϮԶȻûܵκ˺
Ľû˿ô
Լ⻯޵ͨ޵еģʩչҲǼΪģһԷߣһʲôĻ˵ǷǳĴ
ԣûиŶκλᣬֱӾͳŶɹȥһ̧֣ѪʥͼѾУȻ߶Ѫǹͼ
һѪɫǹᣬ˲Ŷ죬Ҳʱһ˼޴ӲѪɫ𽥽ŶС
Ʒɺ֮Ѫ
һƷ󲢲߱ʲôԣȴܹڵɱ¾ͷöֱɱ¾ͷ⣬ʧȥս˼ά
ЧȽģжȴ֪һоǷǳЧġ
𽣶ܣ
ŶֻһѪɫǹԼϮһɺ֮ѪȴǱʶĺˣΪѪɫǰѪɫǹģⲻ֪Ѫǹͼȫʩչڸɺ֮Ѫġ
һ̣Ŷ˫Ŀ֮УƺʼѪ֮ɫеӰӰɱ֮ǰ˲Ũ
Чˡ
һȻɫͻȻ䡣
һڷţͻĳţʩչӰ֮鶼ֻʶȥֵԴһᣡ
ŶĽʵ̫ˣ쵽ҪʲôһɱĽѾǰ
ңҪ˾ƿطĻµ֪ԷĽѾôˣ
Ŷ죬һȻͬ죬վ̫ˣڿʼʤѾա
ʶ̧Դȥܿ˶Էǵ⣬ǵֱӽһֱն˲Ѫ졣
һĻ֣ʱ˷һ󾪺֮
ģŴ磬һնֱۣһնԴ
̫ˣһֱۣҵҪСӻʲô
ǣŶ컹е㱾£ҸûʩչʲôֶΣСӵֱ۾Ͷˣ̫ˡ
ǱһƬкãڶĻ·ͨ˻׻һ
ѪߣѪɫСӣƺ޷ԿŶĶһȥɾͲ̫ˡ
ݺͺ˿ģСֱ۶ʲôֲûϹ


1171 ˫
˺ݺͺ˵ĻѪʱЩԼܵˣʲôֱ۶ʲô
ôҲֱۣս϶ܵӰİɣ
ѪҲûٶ˵ʲôͳųпȥڳսڼңһգ۵Ĺͻ䡣
ԣѪ仹˭ڶĿתĶųŶս
лڶȴȫûЩһԽԽ侲Ȼϱ۴һʹ࣬˵ȫڿ͵ķΧڡ
ڣûҪȥϱҪҪŶ쳹׸ɵ
ٶ̫ˣطǺʺػؽؽĻҲطϧ˵ûʲôá
תͷܿ뵽˻ھĽϵĹɣ˲ר
ǿԸ׺ֽһ²ػؽؽطĻʵ
ȻڲʱҲֻ΢˶˼ܿͽע·ŵǰŶϡ
Ŷ촦ڷǳΣյ״̬Ȼɺ֮Ѫ״̬µŶ죬ǿȺƵȻʱ졣
һһڶһֱ֮󣬾ͱޱȽÿһζԷ٣ǰ޽жܡ
ɺ֮ѪڵŶ죬ֻ֪ͣĳƣȴȥ˼
ԣÿһζܹܶԷĶһȻԷü죬Ȼ޷켣ٶȣȴѾ˶ԷĽ࣡
ֻҪս࣬һһµĻΪޣܹɹԷÿһ⣬׾٣ɺ֮ѪĿܹ֮Էڵɱ¾ҽԷսʶ͵״̬
򵥵˵öֱһԲС
ȻԷ˵׼ʲôʱܹɺ֮ѪһеӰʱǷǳΣյģΪԷĽʵ̫ˣ޷գֻڴ֮ǰԷ׸ɵ
ϻޣ֮׾ٵĿŶǰʮɵĵط
̶̵ʱڣŶѾʩչʮζһȴȫ޶
ڣھ֣
Դ֮壡
ȫɢųԾ֮ǿѹ˲併ŶϣŶѪɫ˫˲両ֳһĨã
ʱֱȡ˶ϿʥȪ߶ϵͨ龳ĶϿʥȪʩչǿɱУϿվɱ
ϿʥȪǳɫĶϿУֱƿգϮŶڣڶԷȫ޷£ֱҪݻ١
ֻպþʱƺĶϿʥȪ뵽Էڣ˶ԷĳַƣŶ˱Ȼˣһֻѩɫľ޴
ܵ˺ʱŶ쾹ȻԶ˱壬ѸӴܿȥ
ĶϿʥȪڣ߶£˲չƻֻڶԷ廯ޱ壬ԶϿʥȪĶϿвûܹ˺Ҫֻڽһƻûܹش
ܸκλᣡ
һȫʩչ߶һƬŨȻûжùľ⣡
˲佫Ŷȫ˽ȥͬʱסƬκĵĶá
ľУֻаӰԵǿԶõˣ
Ƭڣֻܹ֪ŶλãŶ죬ס˸֪޷ҵλá
ɱ
ûκԥֱӰʩչԨŵڿռѷ˲䳯Ŷڴӹȥ
ȻŶʱ˿̻ɫ壬ȻѸеһɫ磬Ȼ𽥴ɢȥ
գ
ȻŶڱϿʥȪˣѾӾɺ֮Ѫĸ״̬˹ֻѾƣҪ̣ǻÿͬͬˡ
գһƷ󣬱Ŷʩչ֮˲䱬⳹ɢȥҽޱȿֲٶȣ˲ն˳Ϯȥľŵռѷ졣
Ԩ;⣬ȻԷһнȥ
ϾͶԷȽϴ󣬲ؾ磬Ͳ˴ʮȻ밵Ӱϵ˵ʮһⷽ׷ıŶƴʱͬƷľԨ͸ǶԷյĶˡ
ֻܶɱˡ
֪ԼԥȥǱ¶ԼɱﵣҲܼŶȥˡ
ɱɱ
һɱйһʩչڶ˲һɵʾС
һɱΪֹԼʩչǿʽʾɵ˲佫ŶҽУһʾĵϳŶʴȥ
ɱң
Ŷʱͷʹ࣬ȴҲ֪ڱƴƴĻֻ·һ
ǿűʴʹ࣬Ѹٳʩչ˿ֲɱﵡ
˫
ŶЦţһֲʱڵϮٶȼ죬˲㽫˲ס
һǴһڲܳν˫ǽ˫һܹһ˷ʤ
һУϹŽУ򵽵ĵڶУһֱûʩչڶãȻҪ׸ɵ

о˲䱻ԷĽסȻ˲䱻Ȼ֮嶼޷ԿԷ
ǲƽгֵһҲ˫ҲᣬһӽԴ͸ȻȻըͷ­Ҳһӱ飡

ŶʱЦͷ­ը뵱ȻΪˣȻӮⳡĴ˵Ӣۡ
ˣôЩҲӦȫʧȥԶ˰ɣ
ŶţΧԽԽĻԶס飬ԭΪԼҪˣû뵽зɱĻᣬҺò˫һɱôãһ֣㽫СӸɵˡ
ɵ𣿡
ԴըˣСӿ϶˰ɣˣŴѾӮˡ
ǣһʼ֪СӾԲŶĶ֣Ǹˮ㱨ˡ
Ĵ˵Уȫⳡս۷׷ףĴĸ߲Ҳһ¶ЦݣСӣˣŶ죬Ϊɨһ󻼰


1172 
ĸĻѪߵվͲ̫ˡ
˵ѪѪ˵һͦ˵ģϾСӾȻõѪ幫ݺ˵ʵ̫˿ɺˡ
Ѫ䡢ͺݺˣȴǸϵ൱õģ
ۿͷ­飬˶ʱɴ۾Щţ龹Ȼǰ
ôܾˣ
ǣǲ̫ˡ
Ѫ̲סҲһŴ죬֪˵ʲôá
ܣܾô˵ģš
Ψкݺ𾪹ȴǺܿ侲Ϊ˾ƿأܵõڴΪͷ­飬ϵʢˣ
ңڷŶ˫дڹ֮ʱ򣬲ûкµ飬ֻ΢ЩȣǶԼرĵĻôôܲ£
ּúݺһģ⼸˵һäĿģںݺ˵ֻҪҲֵȥţ㹻ˡ
Դˣʲôǲܵģ
Ա߰峤ǺЦţѪˣεľϾˣֻû뵽еŶܽɽ׸ɵ֮
˵̫ˡ
ݺƳǰ峤һۣ֮ǰʱ峤Ǻܹģվ˽һߣֱӶϾɱ
ֱ֮ļһݺû˿ĺøУҲʱ򣬺ݺͻȻоŶϢȻԽԽ΢ʱһϲ
̧ͷֱӳŶڴ˹ȥŶ챻סЩ̺ɭȻʴŶڣŶߡ
Ѿ˵ĻЩ϶ҲѾʧȥ˵һ㣬Ǿûһڴ߶ЩŶɱ
ңңѾӮ˾
ŶܵϢʴԼڣʱЩ˹Ʈݵʶʱڡ
ãһЩ϶Ҳʧȴû뵽ЩԽԽܿͽȫʴ˸顣
ڿ־֮£ֱӳȺԮȻⳡھ֮ʱ˲룬ھѾæҲʲô˰ɣ
Щƺе죬Ѿʤʱ򣬿ȥ
峤̳еļͨƵĴ׳ŶϹȥ
ţδ˲ò֣
ʱ˿̣ѪҲ¿һЩ̾ͷɳȥһ˲˰Ǽǰ鼫Ϊȵ˵
ѾǸɽԴѾ飬ѵŶʤ
һĴһֱӽĿתƵ˺ʦϣʦ־ȾŶ죬츳ҲˣǾˣҲ̫ϧ˵㣬˿ɾˣ
ʦԣȴûʲô˰ֵδ˲Ҫ֣
⻰һȺ˷׷ˡ
ʦʲô˼СѾ˵ĻŶ˿϶ûʲôôΪʲôƽʦܼȵġ
ΨһĽ;ǣСӻû
ȻôܣСԴըˣôܻû
һ̣ʱв彮и壬󲿣ⲿƺһֲѪطԴ鶼
ѵСӣΪѪط
ԣСӵѪҺȻǺɫģǲѪֻܲ²ĳƲѪط˰ɡ
ţ׷׽ĿͶڵλá
ʱ˿̵ڴ߶ħ֮ģԼԴֱۣҪһˣҲҪʱ䡣
֮ǰһ̧֣һʩչ˾⣬Ҵ߶ƿطԼϢڸ
һû֪ʲô״̬
⽫ȫڱΣе˿ҲܲϢֻܽĿͶŶ졣
ֻ¶һֶΣ˿ˣСӵȷûأҪȻôʩչЩֶͨ
Ŷ죬ƺӲ
Ŷ޾ƷսУѳأܹӳ޾Ʒ൱ʱȴѾɱס޷κһĶ
ѳʩչ˫֮ӽֱӽͬһһ޷һһ
ŶԭȴΪ˿־ͺ£ȫʾĵʴɪɪϳŰ˸йҪصԼӪȻõȡ
ĳڳİǿ߶رģһҪȥŶȻȴѪ䵲ǰ棬кʦҲ˵ⳡδ
УһҪסѪˣ֯һȥžȻ
ڲܿʱкüǿ߷׷ǰֱӽѪΧ˵У⻹м׾ǿߣֱӳ˳еŶ죬Ҫ
Ѫ䵱ȻҪǣԷײɱѪ䣬ֻѪסһʱѪҲ޷ԷİΧ
⼸Ĵ׳ŶѸǰУݺʱҲҪ֣һգȴǼǰһϵӰ
Ȼǹͷߣ˵ĺʦ
ʦ˰ǼҪֵĴ׾ǰƽʱȫͬʱȻȫɢŽɫâɹâЯƣǼ˲ˣ
˵ĻǶ߷𣿡
ʦ޸˳δκ˲ܲⳡ˵ڲˣ
⻰һǰڶ׷׷׽ҧأ˺ȥκηǷ֮룬ǻΪʦῴŶͬķϣǳȥŶ죬ȴû뵽ʦǳסǡ
ĺܲˬΪ֮ˣʦھȻվһǱߡ
ͣɣԼҪսۣ䲻ĻȾͱۣҪƻأ浱ʦ˵ľǿЦ𣿡
ѪʦҲ˿ʱĽѵЩļһƾʵλѵЩĴ׶˳µ飬Щѵļһһ仰Ҷ˵׷˻ȥ
Ϊ˾Ŷ죬ǸѪԿпܣʦԿǾ͸ûôˡ
ǿԺúÿⳡ˭ʤˡ
ݺʦʱڴС
ŶѾȷˣڱȽϵĵǣ᲻̫ܵصƣһʱ޷ԭĻͽľɾͲ̫ðˡ


1173 Ȼû
÷ǳݺһ˫Ƭڵľڴעľֵʱ򣬻ʲôӡ
ոŶ˫£ͷ­ĳӺݺԺи֣Щ£ڿȷûҪȻĻ֪Լʲô
ڰȫűסŶ죬˻ҪصȺУ֮У̺ŵʾȴʴڣ˵ϢԽԽڴһʱ󣬳׶Ͼ
һ̣ȫŭ쳣Ǿúʦʵ̫ˣ¾ȻǽŶ£ֱ˰
Ҫ֪Ŷ첻ڰ壬Ƕ˵һеٮٮߣôˣһܴĴ
ȴҶԺʦ˵ʲôĻϾʦ̫ˣʱ˿̣ȴвٰ޶Ժʦ˲õĿ
ȻⳡսܿͳˣڵƬڵľ⣬ܿȻɢȥ
Ũɢ֮󣬳ǰľȻһʱȫûиոͷ­Ǳģӣǰ
һ֣ʱڳȻ󲨡
СӣȻû
˵жһּΪ𾪵ĸоȻĳ֣ȫţСӣողͷ­
ôĳ֣
ѵոձֻСӵĻ
˵Сӵͷ­Ŀֲ
Ӱš
ȻˣСӣûʧ
ѪѪһԹЦųж࿪ˣҪںݺϵܺãȻҲȽϹġ
СӣǶˣʵ˵ǳԽ˵νһˡ
ѪӺ״ҲǸпһҪ֪Ѿλ׾ҪŶ⼶ǿսҲһ˳Ҳܵʲôģɡ
Ҳ˵ڵѾӵкѪӲս⻹ֻϵս
ȻĻҲԼĵƣ˭ʤ˭˵ؼڣڵǵ۾Ϊ
Ҫǵǵ۾̤뵽ؾĲΣСҪˣ
ڣҪǵ۾ͻƿ̤뵽λ׵ľ磬Ҫ֮һֿ»˲٣ȻӵԼС磬СֻǱ˴ģϸ˵ֻܹСĴ֮
š
֪ѾԴ֮򣬲Ϊ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣҪԼ绯ΪС磬ȫʲôƿġ
ֻҪ㹻ʹ֮Ժɵ̤뵽ؾ
һ㣬Ȼǲ֪ģⲢӰ֮Ĺϵ
ѾˣʤŶ죡
ĽðЩһȫһΪѾˣԲŶԺʦŶļȷǳߡ
ڿʦڱ֤κƻǸոճ־Ŷ죬ôŶ춼ţ˭ʤ˭
ǾͲ˵ˣ
ʦվֹԷӪŶ죬ΪˣΪȽϽӽ񾳽ڵĺʦ˵ȻܹԴ飬ӵǿʢʦǰҲٵġ
ȻûȻûɽ꣬ʵ̫ǿˡ
ɱ˺һٮٮߣħˮֽŶɵˡʵ̫ǿˣ
ţ˵пûбŶǿĴ˰ɣһ˲űͲ࣬˵ŶεĴˡ
ĴˣʵѽܣȴòȻ˼ȥ⡣
ȥֵɳһţоǺһۣҪǻʤһǧöһľ塣
Ȼ֮ǰҪʰо֣ǰŶϵǰ޾Ʒսȡӽ˾Ľд
սƷʱƿأȵ֮Щͺʦǧöһľ壬öԷ˵㻰
Ŷʬ壬ûȤˣֱðȺ̧ȥˣʱ˿̰ȺĿǱģŶܽɵȴӣǵޱȳʹ
ͬʱЩ˶ĳ޸ˡ
ŰЩ˶ԼĳӣһЦδô⣬˵һ䣺ʵҺǰ磬ǲѣϧӲϳ˰壬Űɻ
⻰Ӵ̼ǻ˵飬ð峤ߵҰͽҪǰˣ
ͽʵΣԼġ
˵仰֮Ҳܰ峤ɫڣԹԻصѪߡ
ݺͺӭ
֣оΣûʲô󰭰ɣľܸϵ𣿡
æʵ
û£ܵȫָˡ
ЦһЦ˵
ô棬ʲôط˵彮ǱߵиѪطѪɫİ
ݺΪ棬ܹסĴֶţֱܿȷȫָˣ˵նϵֱˣǱӦԴûκ
ܣԸ˵ġ
˺ݺһۣ˵һ䡣
ݺ̧ͷһۣŲˣСЩѣԼҵǿϴγִϹģǲСأ𣿡
ǡ
Ȼһڷ濡ϦջīȷǳòҲܰδҪǷʲôϵرϦ裬ȻֻǸСѾͷˡ
İô̫ء
ݺЦţһסĸ첲úñ֣ɱˡ
㿴ǻ𣿡
Ǻˡ
ȿȣǴΣһ㶼˵ĸܰ
һԵѪӺһһˣǱ߽վˣؾҪļһˣǼһ￴ôôأ
źĿ˹ȥͼӽǱߣһɫӵİСӣŲӳ۾СС۾ˣȴҲӵǵ۾硣
δΪԷƲԷ෴۾ӴϸܵһΣյϢ


1174 ʾ
߳Ҳվ˳ԶԶңȥʵҪҾ֮ˣ
ڶԷʲôȫûȤҪ֪ԷʲôĻܹһ¶ԷóʲôֶΣõһЩԼõϢ
ҲԼģġ
û뵽ǣɫӵİСӣȴ۾ЦǺǵĶ˵ǽ壬һ棬ûܹŶ졢ħˮ࿹֮ˣԣսǽֱˣһǧöľ壬ǻύģĺˡ
һѪ˴ΪȣͺˣҲһӷŭ
ǲħˮսȣǲŶսں˶У˵һǳشĴ
𲻾ǰȥİؾǿߣȻ㲻ʲôҲǼʹģҪ֪ħˮŶΣضǻ̤뵽׵ľġ
ڣ嶼֮󣬽˾Ȼʾ䣬ɽˣ
壬ڸЦƴƴȴֱ䣬ɺͳ
峤ȷѣһֱħˮкøеģħˮԼĵӣħˮˣȻǼʹġ
ǾȻֱ䣬Ǹߣ
峤Ҳ÷ζҪըˣǺȺеĽ峤
̬ҵܹ⣬ҶӸո˵ʵ
峤˵ҽһУʵǿıҶˣ֮ǰħˮдħˮĶ֣ħˮѾСУѵҪҶȥ𣿡
ӣǸСĽӣ΢֣Щվ˵Ǹ
ŶԷڳܣȴǰ۾Ȼ峤˵һȲħˮȴһᵽһΣյϢϢŶ춼ûиҵġ
ʱδ˵ʲôԷҪҪ䣬ǷҪսԷľԤˡ
пܣԷҲֻһϷɾˣһжпܣֻҪˡ
ܵܣ㿴ǾȻˣЩء
ݺ첲״Цš
ûоǽ峤ϣΣϢ𣿡
ʵ
ҸоˣֵģС֮ǰûʲôص㣬ǰҲȷħˮдħˮĶء
ݺ˵ͷ˵Ȼһе򣬴пһЩϡ
ЩϱǹڽģѪϴ˺ܶϣҪ֪ʲôϢֱӷһ¾ͿˣȻѪϲһȫȴ㹻Ѱʱˡ
ڣǽ峤ӵϣȫͺݺǰ
峤ӣڲŸոնʮͷѾһǵ۾ǿߣԿ϶ܹʮ֮ǰ̤뵽ؾ
Ҫ츳ħˮŶǿһЩͱȽСս϶ȲħˮŶ죬ټ̤ǵ۾ľҲŲã˵ʵǲħˮŶ˵ġ
ȿȥɣô
ЩϺ˵ͷʱûʲô飬Ǽ۲Է֮Щˡ
Ͱ峤ϵĳŽ峤峤᲻ΪɣܾӳԾ
˼ĳƤУҲ˽
ڽ˵ľСС֣֮ˣҲ϶ӲǽĶ̫ӵĻɱ
ԣҪľǾýĶ̫ӵʱս״̬ԽԽã
Ϊˣڽ˵ڽ˳սȻùֱӶˣٲҲܹŶĳɱﵸڳԴ˶ܹط
Ȼǲ֪ʲôط٣֪ҪԴһ˽⣬һ־飬ܹ֪йϢ̫ӵʱʤͻ
Ȼ֮˾ö̫ӶԸôһСӣ϶׾ٵģоųɾŵʤ㣬ʤϣκʧܵĿܣžһпܵ¶̫ʧܵء
ڣ䣬Ȼ㹻ʱȥӦԶ̫ӣԽ˵ʲô¡
Ĵ֮䣬ԵʣʱʼȻԵҲǽˣ嶼ڱƽ˳
գ峤峤ȣ֮£ֻܹҡͷ̾ϢˣȻˣնȥСаɣǧҪסҪǲоͳ䣬ǧҪǿԼ
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СĽ꣬Ҳǽ峤գʱɫɥԼϵֿԶƺּΪѵӡ
յ⸱ģȴû˿ɾ衣
Сӣϻװͦġ
ЦһѾˣĴ֮ϷأⳡϷȫݸģ
ͨһϷѰˣ϶ֱӶ峤ӷ˾裬Ӷսе֮ʧܡ
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κ¶Ӷ֣οѾ˶Էĸ֮İϷʾȴ·𡰲òоķӣ΢ϸ˶ܹó
ͷݼлĲУҪĴݼһЩĻ˵Ҿϵء
ţ΢΢ȴδ⻰˵
ιܵܣɱˣ峤գǰϢǲֻ֪࣬ͬս޵С
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˵ͷ˺ݺŨŨĹ֮⣬ɾһЩůܾûйĸоˡ
Ȼ̧ͷǽ峤˵ȻҪҾǾ׼׼ɣʱʼ
£תصѪԣ׼һʱڣٺúõһŶս
ˣŶսƷǰ޾Ʒ𳤽ս˵ǼһϹŽ
һȻ뵽һ㣬˼̲ס֪ԼܲеõЩʲôأ
뵽ҲûôԥֱӾͻص˾Ľڣӡǽ˺ݺܣڳôˣεĻǺݺˡ

һԵͺݺƺΪǣֵĸо
СӣòϲѪ幫˰ɣ
һЦɫȴΪأΪҲܵյΣգܹܵΣգ֪տ϶мΪĵط
Ļܿ﷭ˡ


1175 ս
һʱܿȥ
ҪԽ峤ӣնսһĿСòֻ۾Ҳ̶ֻСĺص㡣
Դ˸ǾΪһαΪεʱǿƿԼòģһԼŪô󣬿ʲô֮
ǿߣÿһǿ쳣Ψˣͬ򻨴һ̣˲ע⵽ˡ
ܵܣɵõˣСӿôǶ˽ȴ̫ˡ
ϳʱ򣬺ݺЩǵĶ˵
ţһСĵġ
˵ͷȵ˵
ݺı飬ΪͣСӺѵõĽʤȫû˿Ľ̬˵еȷǺеˡ
ǻܵܣҲѪӺսʤ̬֮ҲЩ꣬һϣ൱ˡ
⣬ҲúݺԽԽˡ
侲ǰյУһʱϢѾ״̬ھĽУҲ֮ǰŶǰ޾ƷսеõһЩȤĶ
ǰѳ״ѾѿȴеõнǰŶʩչνһԼش˫ʵϣǶһӦΪһԪ˫ӦһԽԽǿ
нֽ޷пӦ֮ǰŶҲûв̶ȡ
һԪ˫нףر˫ƺɱЧǾ֮嶼޷ߣΪ
н޾似ҪõĽֻܲϲѳˡ
֮ǰŶ츳վǲǿҪȻĻĻˡ
нʱԴڸĽͨĴңǵʵսһ
Щ᲻ýѳ壬ⳤڻУ˸ýʱ룬ûʲô취ԽԼߡ
յУԶ
塢塢ͽĴޣȫһԽΧм䣬һԲ˾
գԼעⰲȫҪǸоУһҪ䰡
峤ԶԶĳԼӺ
İϵôᣬء
ҡͷԵ˵ţе㶵ӣ˫֮ҲЩ΢ηηƺⳡЩ¡
ᱻԷıƭ
ݼǲϧƭңСӣҪϻ̫˵㡣
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ϻ˵ɡ
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ϿǿƣֻƬ̣㱻ɭȻ׹ֱ۴͸ϳ飡
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Σգ
ʶΣսٵĸо붼ֱӴ߶Ӱ֮ͨԼ׻ޣ
Ҳһ̣һͻȻڵĵطֲƻ˲䱬γһҵУ
ıҪ޵Ļƾᱻըˡ
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Ҳ˵Էһ˲佫͵ߣȻȻը
ֶΣֱ˼Ҫ֪ͨռʲôߣҲͨƿظܵռĲ
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ʲôطѵСϵΣԴ
ţ޵ѾȻո׼͵Ϯ
˵ֶεĻоΣգգʲô֮
ţֱӴ߶ڱԴľģԾ۳֣Ȼһλޡ
յ̫죬ò£׼þȥ̽̽·
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ͬʱʼΪ£ԼԣҲֻƾ辻֮΢ֵˡ
ҵҪζԸ֡
һԣڴ߶Ӱ֮ͨԻ޺ܳʱ䣬Ļ׼ȸԷʲôʵ
һ̣ȵһηˡ
ֻֻδߣŵͻȻнⱬֲƻֱӽȫ뵽еУȻһ˲
ֽⱬֶΣʲôؼֲϢֶΣ̫ˡ
бԽԽأԷʱǰǻᷢʲôƣȫܹǰ֪սʵ̫Σˡ
ʱմʱ˫Ŀ͸һֽɫ˵ϢЩа
Сӣô¡
ţһҧֱ֣Ѫʥͼ֣һѪɫǹӰ۶˲䵽յĸǰ
ʱգ΢΢һ̣֮ǰˣֻ΢΢һ̧֣ٴ۳˽ϣѪǹͼֱӵֵ
ͬģڶԷʩչĽϣȻûиܵκϢһеһУüȴܲ·ǻһȴֿԿ϶ⲻǻֻԷֶΣܹʩչκϢ
˵طʵ̫ǿˣ


1176 Ԫ
ڻǱƳˣֻû뵽Ȼô졣
ɻʱȺеĽ峤ʱ˿ҲɫΪصӣڳôпֻһ֪վô״̬ˣ
峤ȻὫЩģҪȻҶ֪ˣ»ղ
ڳУշ·ǻ˸һʩչκֶΣȻûκϢ˸ܵͺһжֻӡеӰһȴҪǱЩɫĴĻڵǿȣԻش
֪ʲôطȻڸǵԼκֶεϢƾҪԸ»ء
ڴҲΪȤܹõԷϢֶΣôԺдɱĻ˵ǰոˣʧܵĿԡ
Ȼˣǿˣ
һأһ߽ǿаӰ֮飬ԷôֻҪĹ֮ǰܹԷɵͿˡ
ʩչӰ֮ͨޣĵǱȽ϶ģĻܹһʱ䣬ڴŵĺͼȫְָܹʱʱ䡣
ʱڣԷκΰ취
У
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Ȼ
һݡ
ԷӵнȫڸǵֶΣȻҲܹûƭ˾ƿصطҲ޷Է
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ս÷ǳ֪ԼڹؼҪʲô
ս˵һ뵽ΪգӰѾʧˣ
⻹ʲôҪǣʦѪĴ۷ǿߣɫЩ仯
Ϊεǿߣʱ˿̶޷˾ʲôط
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ԭˣԭˣֲӵʵǴ׸֪ڵķλ
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һֱ츳ôô峤ӣ㹻Դڶʮʱؾ
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Ԫع飬ǽ壬ҪͳһǺӣǲܵ飡
ΪˣԪ뵽Χ˵ĶУʱһķ粨塢壬ͽͬǺӣȻ뿴֡
Զ˵Ԫ֣Բһ£
ȻԪ鸽壬ôСҲɵˣҪǵģСˣǽദ
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˶ãԪ϶ܽɵˣʵȴûκܹ֪
ˣȻǽԪ顣
ѪҲǱ鲼ȫԪ˵ֲҶܲյĴڣҪΣˡ
Ԫ飬Ҳа취Ըġ
ݺɫҲǱ൱أȻģԷԪ鰡ǰǿڵĲл꣬߱Զ֪ʶ־ͨϡŹֵطͨʽ
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ݺѡܹսʤ֣ΪѾսʤܶ༸սʤĶˡ
һʼӺģսԨ壬ٵս壬ȻϽʮؾǿߣٵǰ죬սʤħˮŶš
һ·ݺѾ˼ġ
ԵǽԪ飬ݺһ߱ģ


1177 
ȻԪ顣
ʱ򣬾һ˵ĺʦһصɫԪĳ֣彮˵һ£
ҪǴõܹʵȫһأõĻ彮˵Ҳпһѡ
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ʦôЦ˵˵սʤţȻϲּġ
ֻкʦҡҡͷȻû˵ʲôҲóⳡսʤ͸

УԪȻҲˣ仰һӴġ
ԭˣھȻиǰԪڣֲǰתôԣȤǰĴڣʱ϶ǲþԶֶκ;ȣء
š
ڵ֪֪ԼҪƾԼʵԪ飬ǿ϶ܵˣ붯þ۵ֶΡ
죬ţ
Ѿ޸ȫָΪ޾ƷսĻôӮһ㣬ϧǣڻûȫָȻֻ̫żƷս
ֳУ̫żսԤϵǣ»ܲסڽȫ޸֮ǰ㶯ˡ
ʣܹԸԷֶΣֻʣЩƽŵɱˣѰֶҪԸԪ飬ܡ
ݺѾӦңԽϵȫתƵССȻˣ¹ʱҲû취ȥ˼Ľȶˡ
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߿Էʵ޷̽⵽ڵλãԪʩչطʵ̫ˣȫھƿ⼶ط
ԷⷽõҪöԷʵѰ׼յİ취ʩչ۵ЩͨԷһٸɵ
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ҲԷĻǿҲȻԾ۵ͨǱҪʩչˡ֮
۵֮ͨȻǵ۵ͨĴڣ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣʩչһ
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㳢ʧط񣡡
Ԫƾյ壬ȫ·𣬾Ȼ˲佫һɫһĴڣ¾Ȼӵֱۣÿһֱ۵УвܹͬѺұУƺֲ̺ͬ
ԲѰģ̫У֮
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һĻֱӱЩ޿һʱΪ𾪡
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ĳط˵һǰʧ벻ǻܹһ
ⳡʤѶˣ˵طؼ汸ΪֲҲܹطͺˡ
Ҳǲܵ飬ֻԪִǽ壬ط϶ᴫڳġ
һʱ䣬ȫۺǽɫ񣬺Ҫֹͣˡ
ǽʧһǿط
ںͰˣ״һȻ񶼳ˣԪʾ
Ӵӽ쿪ʼǺӵȷҪ˰
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˵ǽҲȷǸѹڲҲܶԶԷ䣬ܹģΨֱǰ
̽һ
һ̧֣Ԩʩչڿռѷ˲䳯ŶԷӹȥ

ǻ˽һֱӾ֣ʱһȻӿһ״˲佫ʩչԨȫֵסյȥ
̫С
ȫ˾


1178 ˲ش
̫УǳεУܹյһֱ
һ˵Ψ̫Ʒţп̫֮е
Ȼ֪еʵ϶̫еǱԴģζǱȲԭ̫֮
ΨʾģǶ̫ĸŻ̫еҪǿ
仰˵ʵУʵ̫֮ڣҲֻ˲һɵʾġ
磬ֻ۷Ĵڣܹ̫еҲôﵽ׵ľ磬ң׾ҲֻǸżˣųɾŵĴ׾ǿߣûа취̫ġ
Ϊˣֲ̫ŻóЩ˾ȣҲΪˣһĳг˴̫Ʒĺ󱲣䱦ϾԺҲܹΪһףΪж
̫ӣˣϧ̫ӱɱ̫ƷߣýĴϺ˶˵ߡ

ĿԼԨŶԷǽϮȥȴԷһɵķմ̫У
̫УźأҲǿķʱ˿̣̫֮ɷ飬ֱӽƷԨֵסյޡ
Ȼ
һݣŶԷĽֱ̺̫СұֱУ̺ƺǡ𡱵
ֱֱܹۣЯѲͬ״ĶƣұֱУǽѲͬ״ĳÿһѳ϶һֻ֮ɫ
㿴ʲôǿط
չЦţ˲Ųұֱۻ裬ѳϵĻ֮ɫʱƮ裬һƬӵڴ
һƬ𺣽٣ֲ¼ֱȫҪƾڵǿȾԵֵס

ֻܼþ۵ͨˣһҧʾ˲䱬һɭȻİ͸˱У
ھĽеľ֮ͨı壬ֱͶųһӰӰȴӵмǿķ
һ˫׽뵽ڲ㣬Ȼ򵽴֮ĵطҲ۵Ĳл긽壬ĻͳһĴˡ
ͨҲƶ֣ھУͶƷʮƣȴʮҪǿĶࡣ
ʩչΪ˷ֻѳĻ𺣣˲併˰͸ľӰϣû˻𺣵У
ȻƬ̫֮𡱵ɣȻҲ޷ӰݻٵȫûκΣա
ϿʥȪɱ
ܵھĽѾЩ΢һ£һζöϿʥȪͶϿվɱһıֶΡ
һΣֶûЧΪյѾȫ˽񣬶ȫ¸š͡𡱵̫֮ƾϿʥȪĶϿģ޷͸ڡ
Ͽĵֻܹûдﵽ̫вεڶԸ񣬿û취Чˡ
üͷ΢壬ֻջ˶ϿʥȪ취
Ը񣬿ҪôȥѹƣҪôֻܴͻơ棬ұϾ磬϶ǱȲˣҪʤֻƾʾˡ
Դ˿÷ǳϧʾʵ̫ˣƾԼⶡʾģ϶ͻƶԷķ
һʣµİ취ֻжþ۵ͨ
ȻþĽøȶȴѡ
ӣ
˽գʩչ̫֮𡱵ֶΣ𺣽٣һУȴûܹͻǾķЩȡ
ŸܵСõƺЩ죬˿̫֮
ʩչʾģԪƺ˺ܾǰ飬ȴ̫ţϾȥˣȫ˥ȥôܻʾģ
ҪĳǿĴҲˣǰǰһֻǸǵ۾СӰ
ļһôʾģ
ԪϾǰϲˣ֪ĶǷǳģ̫У֮ԴǴ̫
̫иͲεģԴԼģͬʱи߲εģʾľ֮һ
֮ʾģǱ̫вθߵһǾŻ̫֮˭еŻǾûܹ֪ˣֻܽ㵽˵еͷϡ
ܵʾĺԪ鲢δţǰԴϲԿ϶ǰСӿֻǹʺ򵽵ʾģӦǴСе
ѹסСӣԼҲпʾģ
Ԫ˵һõһܹסñǰǿ񾳽Ҳָտɴˣ
£ԪȻܵʾģҲųȥڳսˣ֪֮ԪͬʱΣȫ޷̫ܵеϢ
ң
ԪĴϲɵĽٴ趯ֱֱۣܹۣӿ̫֮űİ͸Ȼ

޾潫͸ľǣ֮һ˸߹һˣȻ𽥽ݻڻ
ܵˣ뽫ٽ۵Ĺͨкü֣һ֣٣ȽǽƳƻǿͨƺǾİˡ
ţһƿؾӡǣ߶˾Ľе֮ͨİ£
İ£ҲǾ۵֮ͨһÿһʱͻᾭ總ֱ䣬˵ѡ
ڣþİͨʱһְɫ´ڷɳֱ˾ͶԷ۵Ļ𺣹ƣŽ˲Ϣ
İ£ֳһµ״ޱȿֲٶתǰһɼΪĴ͸һ־İȫʾľɣֻһ˲䣬㽫ǽֱȫն
ʩչİͨȻǽ˲ش
ûȥΧսߵľһʩչİ£Ѫɫ֮иȥι󣬽ֱۺͷ­ȫնɫ֧顣

ǰһԼİµƻˡ


ʮ ս


1179 ׾ɱ
ʩչľİͨԪ鲢ûнзͬҪ÷ʩչһоİµյȴȫû㹻ʱ
İµٶȣʵ̫ˣ
ңͨȥٶǾٶȣǣռģԶԷҲǰ֪Ԩսʽ
ԨٶȣǾٶȣͿռ޹أ£ʶ֪ûʲôôġ
ԣİ˲䱬γ֣Уֱۺͽɫͷ­׷նش
ֻϧֻյĻնͷ­ᵼһȴҲǽطȥҲ޷ʩչ͡𡱵̫
⡭
Ԫڳ𾪻𾪣ȴ𾪵ʱ䶼ûˡ
ûиκʱ䣬һ̱žһʾľķ츲صϮ
ɱ
޾ʾĸ£һͷһͷ۳Ȼǽ˾пֲƻϢ
һɭȻѾܵشĽ
ʱ˿̣ԪĵȻҪܿЩֻϧʱʩչһֱɱﵣԴ֮壡
֮ƺȻԪ˲嵱Ȼͨ۳ͷͬʱڹϢû˽ȥ
ذƻһӴݻ٣˺˷飬⳯ķɢңڵյѸٻ˻ҽ
û
ʱ˿ʩչƿأƾ֮İٱ֪ӳɣ׾ٵҵ˶ԷڵλãȻǻһ˵⣬˷ɢȥ
˵⣬ʾԪĲл꣬յѾͨĹ³׻ˡ
ֻʣ²л꣬Ǿͺðˡ
һֱʩչ۵ǿͨʱһʾľУ֪İ˵ɢȥ˲佫ԪĲл곹
רɱǵͨտʼʱԪĲлյֱʩչĻݻٵĽյ꣬Ԫꡣ
ڣԷ˵޿ӣ޿ɱܣʩչ۵ǿ֮ͨɢɰ˵Ĳл궼׾ɱӴˣԪĲл곹״ʧ
Ԫ黯ΪʼһĶԾʵ̫ˣ쵽Χս߶ûܿģҪرʩչɱԪĲлֻ꣬˲
˵˼ͣͨ۹Ȼͷ˲յʱ̲Ǵչעĳ
վȻСӸɵˣֱ˼飡
ԪأǿǴеĽطؼ汸Ϊǿᣬõ̫еôܾôƵˣ
С̫ˣ˾ʲôݣ˿µ츳µµŰ
һȺ𾪵ķ׷ųеָָ㣬Ŀжޱȵ𾪺ɻ
һ㣬ܹԪ飬峤Ӷɱģһмˣ
ڣСӾȻˣʲôݣ
Ȼô²ⶼܲµݣϾŻǲٵģص¼ҲֻоʥŮһˡ
ʥŮߣȻ뵽ʵǿֻ֪ǰӵһСˡ
ԣڳôˣ˲µõݣȻ²µõҲνˣѪڳЩ˸ҶΣ
ۺϵľĽ磬ѪͺʦǰҲǲܸʲôġ
⣬⡭գգ
֮⣬峤ʱѾĿѣ˫ۣųеԼձĵطĲܽʵ
Ԫ鸽Ķӣվ϶ǻʤģСôǿƶԪĶ֣ȻʵǰСӾȻԪ鶼ɵˣ
٣ˣԪĲлǲҲˣ峤ʱö֪峤ĵĵȻӣ
һ峤Щܿƣȫɫ˸ƺҪ볡ȥնɱ
Ա߼Ĵǿȴǰҳźʦʾ⣬ֳкʦڣҪӱǲܵˡ
ʱʦҲ־ȣҲû뵽ԪôǿĴڣȻᱻһСӳ׸ɵ
ʦϾʵǿܵԪĲл궼ȫɱŶʵӾȡ
ǲضеһ֧ңҲҪԽ
ʦпһ£̧ͷɨһ۽巽Ǿһ½ǱߣǲҪĻʦ϶ȡж
Ǻ塢ͽԼģӦ˶ķ䣬ҪǷ˵Ļʦῴǡ
һߣѪ塣
ѪһߣѪ䡢ݺͺ˶ı֣ҲȫľһôõĺݺҲû뵽Ȼܹ˸ɴľͰԪɵˡ
񣬵ȷǽǿһطѪһʷйأͬ£ֻҪϵģѪ弸֡
ѪаأСֵܹݻٽ񣬲ҰԪĲл곹׸ɵɼʵԶǵԤƣȻҲпԪĽ񣬻ṳ̂뵽صĲΡ
ǲܵģҪ֪Ԫ鸽Сӿǽ峤ӣȱԴ
ݺҡҡͷ˵طڵǰֻҪٿԼطͻƣͿֻǵ̶ȵĻԪ϶Ѿ˵ġ
Ǿ˵ֵʵرǿǿѪŶȲϵĵز
ѪӺ۾ԴҵйԤˣϾսʤԼؾԨͻ徫ӢѾ˵һС
һսӦҲǰɱȫʩչ˰ɡ
ݺЦЦ֮ǰԸħˮŶȻɱﵶûʩչɼԼʵģҪԪڣҪƳȫʵúء
ӮˣһȥиĶ̫ӡ
Ѫ˿
̫أ㿴Ǳ߽Ĵܼˡ
ݺһЦָָԶȺУǽܼۿԪ鸽ոɵ˶ˣԭء
Ԫ鶼СӸɵˡǶ̫ҪǹĻпСӵĶ


1180 ǰ
ڽܼҵȷʵǱ÷ǳ⡣
ţСӽܹӮսôǽ̫ӹٽСӸɵǡ
ԴӽԪ֣ܼҾ͸ı˿оҲսʤһԪ鸽Ĵڡ
ʵȴǣȻʩչΪֲֶΣȻԪ鶼׸ɵˣ
ǴܼԤϵ飬̲סɣСӵǲҲһϲĲлڣҪȻôӵ˿ֲʵ
֮ܶڽܼҷǳ飬ػɣǽĶ̫ӹҲСӵĶˡ
Ҫһﱨλǲܵˣ̫ĻսҲСС
ȻܼһǾбҪһԣҪȻȫˣ
Ͼ̫λײεǿߣʵڲУС֮ȫȻСɺܴˣԸСӻǲİɣ
ܼţȴδ˵ʲô
һΧ˼Ǹһ𾪵ı飬ں塢ͽ壬Ѿսʧܵ壬ÿһԱ˿̵ɫɫģѿ˼㡣
رǽ峤𾪵ͬʱȴҲӶˣƾ踽ϵԪ飬ǺָտɴڣȴΪһСӶȫ𡭡
ؼڣףǽû̫ϵ
ڣеһֱСӵ˵ˣǾǣǽŮβǱɱǱħɱ
Ļôǽ廹˽ˣ˰ô£ջԼϣС
ý峤رڣ
һǧöľ壬ʦǽȸˣǸʦ鷳ˡ
峤ɫ粻֮󣬲̾˿Ҫ뿪ľ
˵ɱӣԪ飬ʧȥ˽һʧطҲ֪ⳡսģԹñˡ
οİɱˣΣ
ֲǽʧ
ˣ
ȥҲûκô˷ʱˣҪɵӱкʦڣпó
뱨ҲԺˣ
һǧöһľ֮󣬽峤ֱӴŽڶ뿪һжʱÿտ˲١
ѾصѪӪС
ѪЩѪޣһĽʺ޵ı飬ѪݺǺǲˬ
ڣսʤԪ鸽֮ЩѪ޶ȴǳ׵׵ˣ
Ĳ˵ԪʩչֶΣԸǣҲǴ´ˣͲ۾εսˣ൱ؾεս
ңСӷǵ۾ѣҲ˵ȵС̤ؾؾʱʵﵽ۷壬ܵУҪ̤ľ磬Ҳǲܣ
Ҳֻ˴ڣ幫˰ɣ
Щжô뵽
֣̫ˣȻԪ鶼ɵˣ
ѪӺӭȴɫ̫ãʵ֣ôˣѵʲôˣ
š
˵ǾĽ磬оҪֲסˣºܿͻ᳹ױˣһսȻӮˣʧҲܴҶ˾۵ͨ¾Ľڲظ
ʲô
ʱɫҲһ䡣
Աߺݺչ΢üҪĲУͰĽеЩʱŵҵСɡ
Ӧûܳһʱ䣬ʵڼֲסʱҲֻ鷳ˡ
̾˿
ȴ룬ҪǾĽıĻð죬ؼʮô죿
飬ǺݺҲ֪Ͼ˫ûϤزҪǣǧǰĴУ֪ʱ򣬺ݺʲôѡ
ĽŻܼĸµģΪһʩչ˲پ۵ͨԾĽϢûңһɢٶȼӿ˲١
ȥֻܼһʱ䣬Ľھͻκжܵʴͷȥ
һʱڣҪ̤ؾûָĲеĻֻܽúݺСˣЩ壬ʱ취ˣ˵ʱУûʹ֮ڹһЩС˵̫ˣ˵涼⡣
飬ֻܹ˵ˣĽ糹ױ黹һʱ䡭
Ľıǰ׳֣òǺܺã˵սʤһԪ鼶Ĵڣ֤ľʵȴĿĲ
ˣɽǧöһľ壬ԼӦý֮ǰսƷǸԵС
ʦʱ˹Ц˵
š
˵ͷֱӽħˮսСӡȡ˳ȡŶǰ޾Ʒսʱȴͣһ¡
սڰĲƲȻˣұ㽫ˣУֵİ̳ߡ
˵ǱЩ壬Ϊ˲뱻ͽֽȻֵܺ׵ͽ壬˱֮ˣʵǲ뽫ǣʦ㿴Σ
ӾĽгӹ˵Ŷǰѳ
ѳлһЩܣûв͸Ҫô˵һ޾Ʒսһܹа취޸ĻһǿĴڡ
ʦһˣЦһЦǰڲļ£㾿˭ҲȨʣɡ
˵⻰ʦ㽫ǧöһľ嶼Ȼȡ˺ħˮСӡǺսȥ塣
Ǳ߰峤ֱҪѪ
ʦ⣬ǱǰȺġ
峤ʱƽ⣬ҪǳսҪȥ
˵ǰڲ֮£֮£ò׵ȻΪһͬΪ㽫
ʦ̾˿ֱӴ˰峤ĻȻڰ峤硢һϵľٶҲǷǳĲ
⻰ǰ峤ʱ޻˵ˣ뷴˵ĿǺʦ


1181 ȫ޸
峤ǱߵȻȥˡ
ڱȽϼǣڴܹʮöһľ壬Щһľ壬޸ԭ޾Ʒս
ںѾϵϵĲΣҲǵĲϡֻҪȫ޸Ϊ޾Ʒս⽫ǿս
š
޾Ʒսܹӳ
ٵûмֻ̫Ʒ˵̫ƷѵĻȲ޾Ʒս
Ҳ˵޾ƷսǳѰ̫ƷȻҲÿ˭ʹãûб߱սϵԽ߲ȻԽܷӳ
ԱȽϣ޾ս̫Ʒ˵̫ƷҪǿһЩϾǱܹһֱѵʮ㣬ʱ걬κ޾սģ޾Ʒս
ڵͲεʱ޾սҪ΢ռһƣ˵޾Ʒսˡ
ԵĹһ£ȫ޸ȻʩչһеĻԱȵʩչ۵ľİ£
Ҳ˵ʱҪʩչ۵ܹͨԪ鸽һˮ׼Ķˡ
Ԫ鸽գʵѾӽѰλ׵ǿߣҲ˵ºͼĽ̫Ӳֻ࣬Ҫȫ޸ҾͲҲҪþ۵ͨ
ڴӦνս֮ǰ˵飡
ǧöһľ嵽ֱ֣ӵ˺ݺСУȥ޸ȥˣϾ۱µöһľ壬պʮöľ壬ⶼ˵ģպͨһ塣
СӣʲôСȥˡ
ܵ˺ݺСȥʱЩƣ׵ܵܵС㶼ϣ
ҪǾͽȥ£ȥ֮ھˡ
ݺȴǺߺߵĶԺ˵
ʱ˵ˣƽʱԼʰúܲң˵Ҫǵ˺ݺСУɾ͸ΪΪˡ
Ҳ˵˵ˣڵǷ֣ĹϵĺܺðƺǾʥĹǱߣԼһϵ֮󣬹ϵ÷ǳܡ
ǺĴյѪϣ˵磬ҾãҽҪˣ
ţҲãֻҪһĻ
ѪΪȻĵ˵ͷھҪɢǣҲܣݺݺҪһӵġ
Ҫĺһ˵ҵͬ𣿡
Դ˱ʾǡ
ȿȣô֪
Ѫʱ̧ͷգȥ²Ѫ峤뷨̧̫ˣ˵սлòҲֻǲˣѪ峤εǿ˵㲻ʲô
ӵ츳ҵӦò̫ΪֻǡҪ磬ǡ
Ѫһ˵Ļƻʲô⣬ȴǺݺȫ֪ġ

һڴӺݺСгˡ
޸˵Ѿᳵ·һȫ޸Ҳûл̫ʱ䡣
ӺݺСгʱѾȫ޸Ϊ޾Ʒս
һԼĴǽĶ̫ҲĽԷ׸ɷ
ӺݺСг֮ȴԼĺܲһ
ܼңȻѾŽʣµļؾǿ뿪˴˵أ
ˣ˵ҪҾĶ̫أ
ʱЩƣԺݺʵ
˵Ƕ̫ʱ£ˣǽܼţ´еǻʰ㡣
ݺЦҿǶ̫ӵ֪㽫Ԫ鶼ɵˣȻˣġ
ǾȻôˣ
ЩţѵѾͺݺˣ
û취Ϊ׷ɱһǽʧ̫ˣ̫ӣȻλףλױɵȻϱϽСԱߣֱǿʯŪʮʮҲ֪ʲôͻȻˡ
ݺ˵ЦڴϴڵĹȥʱֻʣ߸ˣ˵ڻҺԸһʧܣһ̫ӣǽ廹治ٻȥˣǺĴУǿҪˡ
˵ⷬҲֻˡ
Ҫǻǽ峤ĵĴôԸ֣һ壬ҪʲôˣֻҪ־ˣɸǿĴ׳ֳ֪ܹ
˴ģ˾֪û֣ΪЦ޴
һԺɵʱСˣߣ˵ǳˡ
δ⣬侲˵ڿʼʱпܱǿߴɱҪȵĹȥǲܵˣѪǺУҲоԵİȫ
ţϾǵĴ塣
ݺ˵ͷǹĿ࿴
Ҫ˿ڶԷ߸˻ЩԵҲģոպݺЩΪеԺģȻ˴嶼ˡ
֪ⷬԷ֮󣬶˵ΣղŸոտʼ
Ӱ˼Σʤܲ٣۴ںʱεضᱣ޶ȵ侲ȷܹõ״̬ȥпֵܳΣգ
ˣ̫Ӳٺô塢ҲûˣϾɳʲô
ҪɱǲܵˣѪ䱣˵ĺʦ֤ټ֪ҲڣԼİȫǡ
ȥȴͰ޶ԶоۼţڱĿƺڵȴʲôĵһ
ڵʲô
һ䣬΢ֲԤУüͷ΢΢һ塣
ݺԣЦ֮ǰܹٶĪ˼ˣǻ־ڸȴʦ̽
ΧصĻºʦ̽˰ɣȵڣ
ЩɣͬʱȴҲЩģԷȷûзҳ
ȷɱٶ޵ľԾҪȻĻûжҲûʵ˲佫ٶؾǿȫɵ
ڣԶԺʦΪ׵˵ĳԱʱɫЩ
Ҫҵȵڣ˵ѾֹܿҪˣ
ԷҵԼô죿
һϵ⣬Ժиֳû˼Щ⣬Ѿ˱仯
ֻͺʦһŵĴ׾ǿߣͬг֣˵ʵϢȻͺʦ൱Ǻͺʦһεĳǿߣ
Ȼ˵İ֣
ɫһ䡣


1182 ʳʦ
ɫ仯ʱͬ۵ĴǿѾ˳УҺԭڵĺʦһһơ
Ƴ֣ʱֲͬԵ˲串סΧƬգԲȻȫڣ
򣬾ǶУֻռеǧ֮һǿ֣Ȼܹʩչһ̽󷨣Բϸȫ֪
ûӦǲԶ֮һƬյУʱһ󺮱ͻȻըǿԶԶ֮ǰʩչľͨһƬԲȫסˣ
Ԫ鸽Ƭڣܶܣ˲ͻᱻס
Ĳˣ׾εҪǿ̫ˣҶԷǴеǿߣѰ׻Ҫǿ
һдΧĺıΪ˱֣Ȼһ󺮱ı֮һüεӰȻƬ֮г֣һ̧ڰɫ˲佫Ƭĳ״飡

ӰҲ˿ͬʱȴҲЩΪģΪ֪֮ǰʱǼ˱ľӦǾѾˡ
ԣŻὫĴȫɱҪΪȴû뵽û
ӣ߿϶ǽ˵ģһӦô죿
ѪԸҲһԸȻʵǿᣬϾ̣һǴӾϳߵģûкԮֵ˺ã
Ȼôĳ˵ʲôֽ׶Ҳֻܾ䣬ҪбҪĻϧٴηųҲҪģĿŶԷΧ
ô㣬ʥŮ㲻ǴӾϳ彮ɱ޹ʲô£
һǿǸųӣȫɢźϢһ˫ͫ׶ǱɫģԵüΪᣬһϳݣҺʳ
ˣѲʹ̣ƺЩ̧ˡ
һЦȴδشԷ⣬ǵĴӺⲽ߳˳˵ҰС
УΨдеǿ߲ʸѲʹְλٵøʦһУǸճֵףҲѲʹͺʦһĵλ
ǡ
Եĺݺʱǰһһʼûϳֻ˵ĳͫӵĻ֪ŮȻ
Ȼ
ѪǼ״˿ͲˣӦɱĴԱ֣²⣬ڹȻ֤ʵĲ²⣡
ΪѪ֪ӵоĽ磬֪ʥŮΪĽߵģ֪йϵ˽Ĵ߶ɱһпܵѡ
ڿĲ²Ȼû
ιϽ㣬ԤлûֻҪ֣һʥŮǱлҪƯ
һ۾ֱˣ翵ˣ̺žĵɭȻаֽȻͬϢϣȴΥ֮Уֶصζ
ͦʡãɵСɱˡ
ѪһЦ
ݺȴǺߺһ䣺ʲôɣǣɱ˼סˣ
⻰˵ģ̲ܵܺסһڻջĿ⣺ȿȣѾϲˣϽɱ˵
ݺһʵ룬ìͷָģ׾پͽתƵ˺ϡ
Ѫ˵ĵͰǱߣ˵ȴȫǴΪ𾪵״̬ˡ
Ϊǲֵܶݣȴδ뵽־ȻϳߵʥŮ
һ
ʦһ֮Ѿ˲²⡣
ֲô˵ãԭȻǴеõ˾۴еΪ¶ߣ֮ǰӦ뵽ģ̫ʧˣ
ʦ뵽
˵Ѳʹʵ̫ˣƾĵİӰҲ˺ܶ࣬Իûнϵϡ
ڣ֣Ҳͺ֮ˣ
ȻǾϵʥŮôһʮؾǿ߶ɱˣձضܷ뿪
峤״ʱĿѣҪ˵һжʧ飬һΧʱʯɱʮؾǿߣһԱʧ١
ڿЩԱȫǱϵɱ˰
ʥŮȻ彮ɱдΪ˲ɣ
峤ҲޱȵķŭŭɱħˮʱǿңΪôֻɱһ֮㣬ȴǸɵʮؾǿߣ
ע˵ǣѾǾϵʥŮˡ
Щǿһ飬ȻΧ˷һ䣺ҵҪʸλһ䣬֮ˣ׷ɱţΪҾͲɱ֮ˣֻΪҵѱѣȻûΪӵЩԼֶΣ˵Ԥϣ
ⷬ˵ģúͰ֮ȫߣҪ˵ȴҲ˵ʲô
ʵȷˣΪǿ׷ɱܰɱأ
ֵ˭
ԣúͰ϶ǲʵģ˲֮Ĵģͻ
ʱ˵þֳˣ
˵ˣɱôˣҲӦøΰɣ
ǳͫӵЦ
ʦҸʲôأ
ȻǶһ֪ģ±һۿǳͭӵݣһӵ˳
ѡ񡣡
ͫӣʦû˵һĴǿ߾ͳˡ
ķǳʣԲ죬Ůʱ˿˵ʱﶼڽŶȻһԻ
ڳˣȴûκ˶ƲˣҪ֪˵Ѳʹ֮һʳʦ
ʦʳʦʦ˵ѲʹһΧҪԴ¸һ
һѡ񣬾̸ѣңѡ㲻κκôȻ֣Ҫס㣬Ǻɵģȵ˵Σ
ڶѡǾǸһˣȥܲ漰Ĺϵ⣬ܲȥȽϺã⳥Ҳ
ڵѡ񡭡
˵Ǳʳʦֹͣ˾׽ʳ˰ΣȻŵ޸ҡ
⻰һȫ˶ʱͷ亹ˣһӾͺˡ


1183 Ѫƻ
ʳʦ˵֮ⷬ󣬾Ķȴ˿ûн˵Ļһ£
õϧֻѡҪôҪôڻлᣬϽѡһɣ
Į˵
彮֮У˵ĻǲСᣬ̣ܲȴǵһˣŮվҪɫƣ֪˭ĵ̣
ʳʦɫԺʦʦ˵
⻰һʦʦûٶ˵ʲôֻǶ׽Χ֮УƺҪˡ
Ͼ彮򣬶֮ǰɱٶؾǿߣ˵ǵˣ
ųнŵգЩţҪǾԲԹ۵ġ
Ǵ֮ǰһȴԱߴλʦαضŭսϽˣศɣȱκһУαֵ˲ɿ
ȻѪѪֱ˵˵λ˵ĴʦǰҲö˵λȻ彮¹սţȥսɱͿˣ˵ĶԲԣ
һȻڸΧó˸˲ͬı顣
塢֮ˣʱѪ䷢ѣ㵽վһߣ廹壿ŮɱٶӢѵô˲ɣ
ںͰ֮УʱһƬȻǾãֱǰսҲ̫ˡ
˵Ļ˵ѪʱͲˣһҶ˵ˣ干棬ȱκһУ壬岻꣬ض壬ҲһԣٽֿĿδ̫ǳЩ
οٶ徫ӢΪαɱȫΪΧɱţʣϣ˭˭鷳
Ѫ仰УֱӸΪս۾ͳƣ˲佫ȫʵ˿ںʦ˵ˣټϳսɱһ˺ʦǡ
Ͱ֮ˣŻ׷ӣߴߴһӾͱðһ仰Ҷ˵ǱѪսϵɱ
λʦ뿴ȥܲѵ˾ͻƲɣ
Ѫŵ˵ҲɱһЩ£Ȼˣֱһ𣬷ǽҲҪȥսǻȥܲҲ᲻ýϾ˵ףһжͰ鷳
Ѫһúʦʳʦʦʱһ㶡
ǵΪѪ˵ⷬΪѪ˵ⷬȻվһˣǿҪֵĻѪҲְ
ĻסѪ֣Ͼһ˾ͿԶԸˡ
Ժʦ˵൱֣ʹ˷ŹǴӹ˵ȥҪǲŹĻµľȴǲ̫ø㶨ˡ
ǣ˵ֹѪʱ
ֻҪʦոձﲻŹѪ̾ͻᶯ֣Ҫط׾٣׷ǡ
ʦʦͱʳʦ໥һۣжһǺӵѲʹ໥Ѿܶˣһ񣬾Ѿ˶ԷȥӦôá
ܿ죬ʦ˵ͷ뱩ʳʦʦˣԣǰսɣߣսύϢսǱߣϸ񷢷񣬱ɱָ壬ܵһµ
ǲû𣿡
Ѫ¶ЦݣֻҪսϣǾͶսȥˣһ㶼Ԥ
˵ȻҪսŸָ񣬵ǣѪսŵĵ۾ͳ죬ǳսߡ
ΪսϵرߣԸȥսԽԽ٣ͳ̨һߣǾֻҪԸ⵽սģǰһԴᴦֻҪԸսָӺͰţôǰ鶼һʹ
Ȼ壬彮ߵսϣҲвǿߵģвǿսŵγ١
ԺʦǷֻ˵˵ˣҪսĻģֻ˵úͰ΢һˡ
ѪվԼ˵ҲЩ⣬ȴҲϳѪݣҲȥսǱߵġ
һΣǿ֣֧Ԯǲ˲ǿ߹彮ڳһؾǿߣڽˡ
ҲһΣһѪ䣬ȻӡƾļһӾͻѪݡ
ԸңΪɣƺѪ幫ϵܣѪѪ幫ı磬ô˵ƺ׼ң
ֵĸо
˵һģ˵һʼֻȡĽ磬ĳɳҲԽԽͣóպɾͲһԼͣ
ʼʱֵڻеɻ󣬵ϳֵ󣬲Żע˾ӡ
ҡҡͷûж뵱飬վ˳Ѫڵķȥ
һ£ʦ˵ĴʦûֻĿߵѪӪУѪˡ
л
΢΢һЦѪ˵
㲻ϰæϾûңĳҲԼӦ
ѪһЦҽȥжƻǱȽҪһսһˣģ϶Ųٵĺôء
жƻ
Ѫ⻰һݺЩɻ
ţãܣСֵܣǶȥһսɡ
Ѫ˵ͷɫ΢Щأ彮ĻʱпԽĸǿߵİɱǿܻǲһЩɱ֯ɱʤǣҪĻҪ磬ʱضп⵽ɱĻУû취ء
˵Ҳԡ
ݺȵ˵ͷȻ˳Ʊס첲ʵܵܣôҲҪʱ䣬ٵ̤ؾһأʱ򣬿ɾû˸۸ˡ
š
Ҳʱ彮ڣǲʲôȵˣҪȽϰȵֻиѪ䣬ǰսȥ
ѪΪ۾ͳ죬սŵģǸطսŵܷأѰӸûκοܶǽдɱ


1184 ս
սΪһվһվע¶
ߣѪ䣬ݺѪѣҲ硢׵Ȱʮ壬ߵһ
ҪǣͽһߣЦŸˣиϢ㣬ʦλʦ֣ۺ̷죬ҶǴ¥ɽϴˣҵСУҶ΢ͦû˰ɣѾͷһֱ߶㣬ڸѪ幫һ𣬻úء
ҸֻѹϵԸһˡ
Цãǰ˵ʱǶ뿪˾Ľ֮󣬵׷ʲô飿ҴӾĽԼȻǺӹżС
ŵľǴӺݺ֪һ㣬Ͼ鴫ĺܹ㣬зģܶ˶֪ţȴҪ֪һЩϸڡ
ôһʣڽ뿪Ľ֮˼ԴһԱ֮浮˿ռ֮飬ȫ˵һ顣
ΪʲôӾ뿪ʥŮͷΣ͸ӵöˣʱ䲻࣬Ժ˵ɡ
ʱû˵ԼΪʲô뿪ϡ
ҲڵȷʱȽϽȣҪ̸ҲƬյ̸
ҵǾǰں֮ǰƺе㲻һˡ
ЩɻĴһ
֮ǰԡһƬУȴִЩɭ亮һֻԶ۲ɿĸо
ڣȻǴƮȴҪϡ˲٣ϾĵɭϢʤǰ
˵ɫʱһҵ̫ƷڶԿ֮ʱѺۣϵѩϢ֮ǰҪ˲١
ԣƮУĲϹȻһѩ棬ŲϸСѺۣ⾹Ȼһ̫Ʒ
벻Ϊ˰Ľ¥ɽдߣȻ˴̫ƷѺۡ
㵹ǲΪҵģҷһɣøռ˦ȥ֮õһЩڵõʲôԺͻ֪ˡ
ϧ飬ʱꡱһЦ黹ǲӡ
øõʲô
ĵȻɻ󣬶Դ˺Ǻ棬˵Ҳöʡ
ʱѪݺȻ˹һѱס첲Цʵ˵ĻѽǸóˡ
ţ߰ɡ
Ե˵ͷͺݺһۣ¶һĨζЦݡ
ڴˣǲʲôˣǰŮÿһҪǿ̫࣬Ҫ˵ʲô϶ֻб۸ķݣõİ취ֻбְˡ
űԼ첲˽ܣѪУѪһȺѪ޵񣬼ֱҪɱһ㡣
ѪݺĿеŮ񰡣ھȻĸһСӺˣֱ飡
˵űֳ˼Ϊǿ츳սЩѪվЩƽģȻҲﲻƽһӰˣҪʲôȴǲҵġ
ǲңǲᣬΪ֪ѪѣѪǵ죡
ںʦʳʦʦ˵Ѳʹ֮ͬûκ˸סѪһˡ
ͰˣֻĿǴӳ뿪ŰǷȥ׼ͨռӡǴ󱼸ս
⽫һرΣյ̣սϣÿһˣһСľģϮʱ򣬾Ѫ䶼ұ֤Լܹ
ΣգȴְŻսУ̫֮صĴڣ廹壬壬пһЩЩԴõĻԵõǳĶ
ңֻҪսնɱκ壬ܹõ巽սŵļνҵõӦĹѫƾ㹻ĹѫܹȡԼϵ̫Ʒ
ȻҪƾѫһ̫ƷҪնɱǶൽ˾Ѫĵ۾ͳ죬һ̫Ʒĳ̶Ȼʮǧء

սÿһҪԵĶֶͬЩ꣬һֱǱͻȽϻԾ彮ҽ
һ߳սѪһ߶˽սͻ壬Ը̫ѣҲǿߣͬӵ̫ƷսǳֲʱҪ񾳽ǿֵܹ߳סԷĽ
Ҫ񾳽ĳ
ԣʱЩȣ壬񾳽ѾǿĴˣ϶ɳȥ벻ͻ徹Ȼεǿڣ塭
Ҫᡣ
Ѫ俴һͺ˵ı飬֪ЩʲôˣʱЦ񾳽ǿ߳ҲֻܹԷ񾳽ڻ˰ˣҪԷɱѶʵ̫ˣÿһ񾳽ǿߣ֧κһᵼʵ
ԭˡ
ףȻ˵ͷ
彮֮⣬ʵû̵սǺӣǺӣ彮ս
Ѫ͵ǽҪǰģĵǺӣҶһΪԼأǿǿһ¡
ڣ˵˵ļƻʲô𣿡
һֱԣѾ뿪˰ǣ;˳ʳ⡣
˵ˡ
⣬ѪɫЩأʵҵĸٱҵһϢϽǿ򸽽һʱӡͨǲǲӽȥһֶۣ澹Ȼһż
ż
ĸ֣ʱȤȻż֪λ𣿱彮ڣܹȥɾʹˡ
̽ˣżսһƬյУӾ˵彮뻹ġ
ѪЦŵؼǣżʱշյ״̬ͨʱӡͨ޷룬ҸѾ̽ͨżʱӡֻͨǷֵһ
Ҳ˵ȫԻǿ޶ȱϵˡ
۾ѵƾˣȥ̽һż
ȻǣѾһ̽СӣǺаգڼĻվʹöˡ
ѪһЦ
ԭǰҵһˡżһͦȤ
˵ͷ˵
ȥ𣿡
һԵĺݺʵ
Ҫһ̤ףȥ
ѪٺһЦҪûд׵ľ磬ȥ̽żʵ̫ΣˣϰΪ
ݺʱЩʧȴҲ֪ԼʵѪ䡢ֶǿȷǲ˺Զ


1185 Ǻ
żͺݺû취ˣҪһȵ
رںܶ鶼ѹţûʲôʱȥɣһɱ취еƷʵȼ罫ȫ°á
ȵһϵ飬Ҫȶܹȥ졣
ڣܿѪ䵽˵Ǻӣһ԰ȫˣȻҲֻ԰ȫˣֻҪǺӵߣÿ¶ᱻָɵһҪսȥս
ҪնɱоҲãǽͣǴʲôϢȵȣ߿ѡֻÿһε񣬲ʸǺӴȥҪȻĻ϶ᱻϳǺӡ
˺塢塢塢ĴҪǱϳǺӵĻºܿͻˡ
ڵԶԶһԿǾΪ
ȵǺӣҺѪҪ׼һʱ䣬Żǰżһʱ֮У԰Ѿһ𣿡
ߣʵ
ǰؿҪ򣬾ͺˣҵǱҲҪһʱ䡣
˵ͷ˵
֪ҪʾľģֻҪڲͿˣֻҪʱ䣬ھڲռʾĸһЩ
֮ǰھڲʱ򣬻һʱ䣬һɵʾģԽٶԽԼҪɵʾģҪµʱ䣬ҪɣҪꡣ
ʾģϾǶ̫ĸǳѣ⻹ΪѾ˱ԴĺܾˣҪȻĻٶȻҪʮ
ǾͶлˡ
΢ЦȻǰ߳ܶ࣬ȴδѹˣǽѿ
øѪЩѪǿ߶ЩͬʱҲЩָͣоͬѪ䣬ԴЩ£Ҳ˵ǽǵѣǳС
磬ܹĳѪѪⷽ棬ΪݺĹϵرοġ
ȻܲʹӦҪȻӾ뿪ˣ⻰Ҫ㻰ġ
׼ľǾϣȻǾʥŮȻǸжġ

Ǻӣλ彮߽֮⣬Ǻ赲źü壬ͻ壬ԼŷɥĻ壬ȻһЩ塣
Ѫ񣬴ֻǶԸͻ壬ԼĳЩʱαȽϻԾ壬ڻ壬ǽսеһȥԸȽأѪ䶼˽ⲻֻ֪࣬ԸкܴƣǻĿǡ
Ϊˣ߲ŻǱ廹ǻ壬ǻ壬޷ͻƵǺӵ뵽彮ڲ
彮֮⣬ܹǺӣֱ𱣻彮ͬλ÷ǳз϶ȷ͵͵뵽彮֮ڡ
彮İǺ彮ڣҪǲ̫ȥأһԽбе߰սǳֲ
ȻҲ͵彮ڲԺƽҲ͵²˼Ŀֲǿʼ彮Ȩ
ҪȫֹģԺ塢У˵ĺʦ˲ŻȽƫⷽΪǹȫ֣ĸС壬ûиܵκвͿֲ
ǺУսҪһѪҲֻǸ£񾳽峬ǿߣ
ÿһǺӣһ񾳽ĳǿ򣬷Ļ׳һЩͻ״û취Ӧԣ˵ͻȻǲǿ߹壬ʱ˹Ͳܡ
ڵǺУ״񾳽Ľڵһʱ䵽ѸٵĽ״
񾳽Ĵ󽫾֮£߰ÿһʵѪ䶼ǿһЩѪһµĵ۾ͳ졣
ѪǺеļҲڵΣ̫ǿƵĴڣֻص彮ʱѾþ˼ɵˡ
ʱ䣬˸Ѫ䣬ֱӲϵĴʱӡǴдͣ彮򣬴ͷͷ
⻹ΪѪõ۾ͳְʱӡǴʱҪһѰҪԽõȴʱӡǴĿʱ䣬˵ˣһ¶ܴԽ彮Ҳĸµʱпܡ
ǺӵʱȫЩͷۻģȻǶԿռҲЩܲסˡ
ʱڣ̫εʱӡǴͣѰ߸ԳܣҲȽǿջӲ
ֱѪڵǺ֮УӵеǿΪѪǡڵǺеʱضģֻҪˣҲͻˡ
ѪλǺӵλãǱȽϸĵĵطѪϣ˿˸Ƚϰȵˡ
ѪϣλԷĵϢˣԲκΣգȻˡ
ѪЦ˵һ䣺ҶעˣҪĻÿ±һսɷݿѪǵ³в鿴ƽʱҲ³
³ǣѪһУ³֮⣬ѪϻС
Ѫ֮ѪͲǵˣȥĶȥˣֻһȽϿϧǺվǿ˷Ϣĵط
ΪʩеǾ»Ҫÿɾһ⣡
һ˾û취ˣֻýг׸һ¡
СУ˶ȽϷˣϵ˻ǱȽ϶£֪ʱ̣ģȻǾǶСкˡ
Ц˵
ǵ۾ؾ磬̤λףʱ򣬲֪ǰɷԸˣСоס
̽Եһ䣺ҵ˼ǣԵľסбȽ츳ĺ󱲣ѡγ
ҪСУҵ˻ЩһǿȡһµģҸǾû⣬Ѿ˰壬סﶼνСֵ츳ôߣԳһ񾳽Ҳ˵ʱǿɾסһ񾳽ǿߵСУأ
׹˵
΢΢һЦȻҲͷˣ񣬾ǾˣΣվԼʵΪҪ


1186 
Ѫʱ
Ϊ˷㽻ʱ³ھס³һɽ֮ĴͳУǳѪסĵطΧкܶʩ䶷׽֡ѵȵȣҪĻǾפˡ
פرսţѪϵפأвֻսŵĹԱרŸѪߵľʸҲÿһηĵط
ѪǵˣھפرõһԼݵġѪǣǺеͨкͣƾ֤Ҳֻбÿ¶һս񣬲ܹӵо
ֹʽֱӾ͵ǺеߣǾȷѪǿߣٶǰսĴڣ彮ֿԴļһ
ΪսϣԴ󽫻ᵼɥ
ԣѪǺ֮ǰɱǡǵȵȵķΧȫһ³ǵĽֵϣûκģеֻǼҴҾµӰ
ﶼڸʱ䣬Ϊʱ
ʱİԣץʱǿʽ似սϸһ㣬ֻнʱ䶼ϣǲܹսϾܵĴ
ǱȽϼ򵥵ÿһεľģѪǣÿǰսˣʮ֮һսϣ޷
ԣǺӣ漼ɣѰ˺ѻһʱ䡣
彮в壬ǲһЩȽ츳СǺ඼ֻͣʱ䣬ΪͣȥĻʽӣЩԳܡ
ȻֻʱҲܹЩСǼ̥ǣʵս飬ȫõ
սѪɳʱ򣬵ѡֵʱٺпϵ
˽̫ӡ
ݺһ³ǵĽֵϣȻһЦ˵Ҫǽ̫ǺҲ˰ɡ
ţϧǰ̫ӵһȻ᲻ǰսðա
˵ͷЦȻ뵽һ£ʵˣǰѳս˵ɲ޸𣿡
ǱߵҪݺųģŶǰ޾Ʒս޸
رȤһʱҲӺݺСгˣΪսһӣûƳ޾ƷսƳ޾ƷսѾǳõˡ
ˣ޾ƷսĲܼοһ޾ƷսܹоһЩѳս޸ãôпսⷽˮ׼һأ
˵Ǹõᣬʱ뿪ˣ׼ͺݺߣоǰѳһӡ
ȻݺҲýͷӴСУѪȥҲһöҲֱס³УܾŹϽȻǾǱݺеġ
û˾뿪Ѫǣ뿪³ǣҲõֳʲô
ڹ;Со죬޽չڿҲûа취ģ޾Ʒսô޸ģҪôףŶ˽޸ˡ
ݺҡҡͷش
Ҳǡ
˵ͷ뿴޸ǳս϶һһϦˡ
³ǵĵһ죬ȥɡܰ濡ջīǶ˾
ȻڻѾˣôǾûҪڲȶСУҷܰ濣ϦȫѾǵ۾۷壬һǵ۾ΪھĽУû취ҲҪսϣǻҵԼλãȻΣҲǴڵģʱʱ̱̿ǡ
ֻоΣգɳһֱŷķԣھĽУȽŵùѣȫ˳ʥۡħۡ׵ۡ׵ˣ˳ҰǸԵľ
ֻεƵֻۣίһ£ʱھĽס桭ȻΪҲṩһ´֮ھĽҲܹһԼ硣
ܿ죬ͺݺЯߵ³еһͥԺſڣһţͷַǷеӡ
ѽǻˣ
һ̴˳һӰǰǸմõ֣
ѾͷġáʦЩһֱоʺʯƷ˲ĵãֻҪһ¥Ӧþܳһˡ
ħеЩ쵤ҩϣͺݺһȥˣ³УЩϻǱȽϺģҼ۸ԱȽϱˡ
ȻҲֻԱˡ
ͺݺһˣħее˼Ѫʥ쵤ĸ˴ܹ˰ǧöңǺݺǮ
ûңҪóĻֻ߲ܰʾóһˣȻ߲ʾĲϣ³Ļ϶ǿˣӦеļ۸ʱɺݺȸˡ
ڣ֮ǰеˣȫۼĴͥԺУϰһ𣬰ڣףطꡣ
νѣȻǴСг̷͵죬Լˣ
֮ǰϷֱʱ̷͵챻ͻȻߣһʧȥ˵Ϣһֱᵽڣ¼ˣȻҪۻףһġ
ҲǺܾûԼʦֺͶʦˣʱʦۡ
˵ڲβһˣʥǵʱǶǰܴģȻһ㡣
ʵȻԶ̷˳ۺܶ࣬Σʱ򣬶Էΰģǿеʱ򣬵̷ܴͦæ
ӣˣ
ԶŮҲǰһæӭ˪ŮҲǵ۾۷ΪѾͻƣȻҲǸһˡ
˵Ľ⣬˶֪ԼʲôطģҲ֪ԼΣյȴδǣʵǸε
Ҫ˭սĻֱӾͲ統ͷڹˡ
ţλ׼ˣ
Цʵ
ˣҶأ磬в˴ȥսء
˪ɰЦţһ㶼뿪ʥǸټңһֱܰϦŮϵúܺã˺ýãԭǸټҹΣûȥˡ


1187 ͬһ
ܿ죬ͺͺݺһ̤뵽ͥԺУϰѶһĳЩˣǰʶǡ
УҪԭۡۡħۡ׵ۡ׵ۡʥۣԼǸԵ״ǡ
۵״ӣȻ̷죬ٷһС
ħ۵״ӣֻһ˳ǾǺڵҶ΢ͬӵкǿ츳ǿţҲѾͨľݣһǵ۾ľ硣
׵۵״˾ͣǿںħһҲһǵ۾ϾʱȽϾã츳ͺܲġ
ʥ۵״ӣ֮һϯ״ӣ̷˽ܺãʱںò̷ѾԻ
һǳأʥ״УȽϲһעѪȥģ֮ǰ˾һ𣬸һμǿʾıԣȻһѾΪһǵ۾ǿߡ
׵۵״УҶ΢͸ʱҲ˹ݼûмʦ𣬵ȻҪĻҪ档
һף׵۵ĵڶ״ӣҩеˣҩкϵҲ㲻ҪڣҲʦ巣һԸսۣһЩꡣ
ԣסսס巵ҩеǿߣҲ뿪磬׼ǺӴ
׵۳ģ״֮⻹һ١ϺɣŮ׵۵Ůʵȴ׵з֮ʵ
׵ۻ١ϺɾھĽУȵȴԸ⣬ѡҪ׵һҪȥǺִΣյľϧ
ԼĻ˵ǡҲҪһ𡱡
Щۻǵ״ӣʥгģеĴܼţԭĳϣۡ졢̷ŵˡ
Щ˵ˣڲһǵ۾Ƕǵ۾ʵǳǿģۺǰͰæھ̷ǺʦһԸս۵ģҲˣò뿪ĻᣬǵȻҪʶʶĴ硣
ڣ巡̷ǱѾˣڵõ˻ᣬȻ׷Ź
Щ֮⣬ʣµľͶǰʶˡ
͵Ͼʶ˵ķܰСɡƷ塢糤ȷˣ޿֮Һĺ¡籡ϵȵ¹Ůӣ޿ʶĿ濡ɴߺɽ濵ʦʦ㣬˽ѡ䡢һְɡѩȵȡ
лԪ׻츳ǿĦի졢ȥˣԼϦ衢ջīĪУԼ𡢻ȶŵȵȡ
ЩȽҪõѣٶǵ۾۷磬һжΪľݣǵٶȵõ˴
˵ͥԺеļˣǺ֮վͬһϣǵ۾۷һǵ۾ǵ۾иߵΪ
˻εľڻû֪ƾΪÿµս񣬶ȥȡһЩͷҪսȥǿɱǴˡ
սϣҲǵ۾ε֣ǵ۾ε壬ضһȺһȺģٻᵥ֡
սؾӵһս֮
׶ΣڵĴˣһĿ굱ȻҪ̵ؾ˵Ŀ껹ȽϽӽģ˵ͱȽңԶˡ
һѾǵ۾ؾֻʣؾҪڶؾ֮䲢ûκƿˣҪ̤ؾҪһܴƿǾǶԴ֮ⲢһһϦͿԸöġ
ܵܣ㲻˵СҪп»ǧ飬㲻ЩɢҵС
ݺЦһ䡣
⣬ǵȹ˵ɣҲ̫鷳ˣϾ۵С̫Ҳ̫ˣ飬ȷǧڣ»ֹ
Щε˵
ھĽ绹ܼһӣȼ˵һºҪû취̤ؾǺݺߵİɡ
ðɡ
ݺ˵ͷȴ¶һĨζ
ʱ㷲ĸоݺѵʲôϡŹֵ뷨ζʵЩ׽͸
ôµĻ϶ʵشҲͷˡ
һ磬˵֮ڽһĽ֮ͷһαȽϷˡ
֮ǰǺӹżɱǣʥĹᣬڰǣÿʱỵ̈ھĶжɹڴǺӹżǰɱǵ;Ǽ£ʱС᲻ΣͻȻ֡
ڣѪϣ³Уȴǿ԰ٷ֮ٵȷκͻΣճ֣ǿѪǣҲһӦʱ䣬ͻȻˡ
ԣ黹ǱȽ泩ģҲȥݺζ񾿾ʲôˡ

ߵͥԺУպǰһĨٻӰ֣ǸߵҶ΢
Ҷ΢ھȻѾλ׵Ϊ磬ΪȣӦǸո̽׵ۺ١ϺɣԼλʦ㣬պþ
Ҷþòˡ
΢΢һЦ˵
ǰ
Ҷ΢ⲽǰһ˫оȻֳһЩ㽣˵彮¼ˣǱҵľʶˣôʱ䲻㻹ǸһѾȵҪ˰ɡ
ӽ쿪ʼǶǺӣվͬ㣬һŬˡ
˵ͷ˵ģȷúԺսߣȷʵҪЭܸõȥܶ϶໥Եᡣ

Ҷ΢ɰĵ˵ͷȻɫһ죬תƻʵһ˵˵ǰĵӣ˵̵δ򡭡
ȿȣ϶СӸģ
һʱʱҡͷЩ˵ģʱҲֻܺ˵һЩ΢תһ¶Էעˡ
ţ̵ȷһλŮأʦ֮¥ɽϲؽʵԿŵǰ
Ҷ΢ЦҪȷʵǺܲء
ȡЦˣҺֻ̾һ棬ǺӣԺҲʲôġ
ҡͷЦţȻ۾ʵ㣬пλ˧ûУҪ˭㿴ϵĻҲ൱иء
˵ǺӺúĻʲô°
Ҷ΢һЦֱӽ⻰ƿˡ
ǰ
Ҳǵ˵ͷѵ÷һ£Ҳʱ򣬵ϣֱ뿪ʼͶ뵽ŵȥˡ
˵Ǻӣκεطʵȥ̣


1188 
ǺӣѪǣ³ǡ
˸ɢȥص˸԰źõסУ˶ڽһ㽣Ҳڡ
һˣͥԺеһУ׼΢Ϣһƶһ½ȥƻ
ʵҪҪ漸㡣
һʺʯ߲ʾƳΪ쵤ҩð˼Ѫеħеöҩڵ˼ѪռġӰĵϳ̶һء
ڶڲȥʾģҪȽϳʱ䣬һʱܹġ
취Ū㹻Ĵ֮һѸԼļطԼǿԼĻΪ
ⷽ棬оƿѾ˵ڰأ֮˵أҪȥҪܶഴ֮ˣ⻹ħ֮ģڲһأҪܹõڻеص׻˵ͲǺҪˣΪϵĵϲԵս
ģǴսпԶϤϤ޾Ʒս֮⻹ԳϿʥȪѪʥͼ޾Ʒսϳ̶ȣо취еƷʵȼ
УֻһϹżƷս˵ΪǼƷսԸһЩ⹦ܣմԽȵȻǺܺõģƷվ̫ЩпܵĻȻҪһ£Ͼһϵ˫εսѾʶ
е壬ĹɱȴҲǷǳѣҲ򵽵ģÿԵʱˡ
֮ؾҪģԷһţΨ̤ؾҵתΪС磬֮ԴԴϴþĽڵеطȥ
˾ǽȥжͲö࿼ˣ϶ǰսȥһÿһεս񣬵õ˽֮ͿԶһһЩ֮硣
˳㣬սʱ壬ǱԺúսһսһ¿ս޾似ľΡ
ֵһǣĽڵ۾۷˶˳˳Ͱѿս޾Ʒ似ڸǣٿһĲΣҲСɾ硣
似ӹеõ似ڹЩ֮УԶʱڵ似ȵȣǳԺ󲻳ĻÿԵõһݣ֮˵ʵ޴á
³УǲܵõģΨѰսܹһһΣ
ţ滮δ
սŵЩ񣬲ÿÿֻܽһΣһֻ޶ȣһһζĻᱻϳǺӣҪȥսսſ϶Ƿǳӭġ
ԽսսѫҲԽܹ࣬ھŶһԽԽõĶ˵һԴԴ
ƾֶΣʺϽеľ̽ˣ͵ʥǵʱһаӰ֮ͨҪܵĻǺʦѪ䡢εĴ׳ǿߣҪȻ˾ץס
ȻˣͱȥʲôԽܵˣоֱӽ׼ȥˡ
ţԼǲЩִ̫ˣʱ˵̫ȣִҲ顣
򵥵Ļǰ԰ѾȽĦһʱ䣬Ҳջ
ĦΪƿ˾۵ľӡǣܹ𽥸ƾ۶Ծ
Ļ˵ԴһЩĶ˭Ҳ˵׼ġ
սɾĻžҲûã֮ǰóƣΪս˲Ϣ䣬һھڲӾг˭Ҳ֪ʲôпһȺǿ߽Χ
ԣΣֱʩչӰ֮߾ˣûóıҪΪˣһҲûʲôϵ
һºҪѪһǰһżΣأʱڴӾҲһЩա
Щ֮󣬱׼Ϣˣ˵ʵѾܾûкúϢˣ˵ڵ磬һ궼˯Ҳûϵ˯һĻ֮ľ񶼻úܶ࣬߻кôġ
֮ǰһʱ䣬ûаȵĻȥϢлϢһˡ
³ڣҹɫʱš
ͻȻ˯оѣΪоƺʲô˽Լķ䡣
˭
ʶһ䣬ͬʱʩչֶͨε׼
δõԷĻشֻǸоһůĽһԼıѣʱһ㶡
ݺ
ӶԷϸܵϤϢһ˳ʱ˿ȴǱģѪҹľȻԼıѣ
СӣȻ֪ԷʱԼʲô뷨ˣȴţѪѵϲˣ
˵ֶοǶúأ
Ѫڸòİɣ
꣡
ݺһȻڱеӱʱͱ̫˰

Զԣ£ôܲȥ̫ࣿ
ݺȫκαͷĻᣬ뷴ôܷˣ
ԷһλײεǿߣһܹѰĴ׾սĴڣ뷴ҲûǸ
ûκõʱѪ幫ȻͻȻ굽ıѣһЩֵֹ顭
ĺ£κ˿¶ҪϲˣҲֻʱȻԥΪʵǲ֪ݺǲĶ˼˵һأһǺߣôЭǶˣ
ι㵽ʲôأ
ݺһѹϣ޺޵ʵڰпģͱ飬ȴŵƮɢĵϢ԰εޡ
룬Ҫô죿
Ƶ˵
ҾҪ㣬ܷɣ
ݺЦЩ˵ĻͱȥˣûոϣЩŮ𣿡
⻰ʵԼȻҲôӣкܶ඼ϲģһֱûнǡ
ȻҲܺݺǽúݺĻ˵ѵܷɣѪ幫ȷǽˣ˱ѣҪǻû㷴ӦĻҲ̫ˣ
ȫû뵽³ǵĵһϣȻ⣬˵Ǹ˶⣬˵ȴǴһƻ


1189 
峿
ѪǲԶǵǺ֮Դһų⻪ҫΧϰٿ
Ѫǵת³ǵҹڹȥӭһ峿糿һ˵Ǹ糿ˣ˵ȴǸת۵㡣
Ϊһȫ벻ġ⡱ҹȻѪѣҸһһϣ
ЩʲôͲҪ˵ˣպݺĻ˵Ǿǡ֡ҺݺԸˣϲĶηηβֱ˵
ӣ䵽
ֱ֮ԴĹԴӴ͸뷿䣬ݺƵ𴲣ѣ׼һ뿪䡣
˵ǰֵĺǴ󵨣վǲ̫ö֮İԼĹϵ¶ȥҪ뿪ķ䡭
˺ݺȻѾˣҾȰѾĽеЩתƵСȥɣõʱͻȻС飬ȫ
룬ȻԺݺ˵
֮ǰ㲻ǲԸ𣿡
ݺһۡ
֮ǰ֮ǰڣһиҪ㡣
ЦһЦһһߴ·ͬʱ˵СгʮĲ壬ʮ壬ܣǧܱ¶κ֪
ȻݺˣЩûҪˣ֪ЩϲΪõʱʲô⡣
壡
һ⻰ݺ϶ʱһ仯벻й廹ڵϢȻģһСУ
Ǻӹżʱġ
ʱŽһ飬ڼ䲻Ϲ۲źݺɫڹƺû̫෴Уŷ
ȻˣҵСɣ˵һģܵģҿ϶κ˵ġ
ݺչһڣȻ󿩿ЦתȥǽңʱѾĽе鶼תƹ
õġ
˵ͷ
ݺסķԶ˭˭һģҲˣҪȥһ˵
Ϸ飬ƺֻͺݺԼ֪Ȼ֪ܿʵˡ
ݺ뿪֮΢Ϣһ£ǰס
һֱ𾴵̬ȵģϼʱȴһζЦݡ
ЦݿЩë̲סʵǰôˣѵʲô֮
ǵǣϣȥѪ幫лһЩһֱһ𣬱㡭ڿƺҪˡ
صЦһЦ
⻰һʱƵĸоȻȥҺݺ϶ûҵˣ˸գȻݺס۲ԶôΪҪ̽һЩʵ̫򵥲ˡ
ͺݺЩѾȫ֪ˣȻǰԷ֪Ҳûʲô̫νֻЩΡ
ɶҴˣǰҪĻʱںúò¸ҲҪƾһˡ
תƻ˵
鷳ˣǷĻ㲻˵˵УײЩ
ԴһֱǷǳģ˵ۺܾǰ޵еĴ˵ʵģ۵ľǿֶΣ϶ǴӾеõġ
ҪûʲôģϾҪҪĻˣû취ֵġ
ʲô˵Ҳ㲻ʲôܣܿҪԲǰ֪һЩĻҲĲЩٽðɡ
ҪطһǾ֮壬ڶħ֮ģȻʾľġ
ЩȻ׼뵽С硣
ı壬Ƿǳ͵һʯС±ȵ³ǣȻֱӽȡֻȽС磬Ȼ󽫾ӾĽóȻͳСˡ
ţ鷳ˡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ϸո𴲵ѩױɴʮ㣬˷ȴĿбӣ˵һҲ㹻ˣȻ˺ݺͲʲô˲롣
οǽǰġ
ţ㽫뵽ԼСС
ǰһһƬƵյУһƬգ;Ľд󲿷ȫͬĸо
С硣
ţΧŵΪܵĸоЩֻٶȻõ˵һ÷ǳãһЩ벻Ч
Щʮ˽⣬ֻ֪Ϊм̫ƷҲѩϴΰֵ֮ɵĿռ̫ƷЩѺۡ
̫Ʒеģǲ֪ѩǷҲһеġ
ǵĻΪϵˣôӵƮ̫Ʒ
벻ͨЩԲȥˣ޹ء
ƬƵյУӾĽȡ˳ȻֱӷյУȴɭȻϢֱӽЩɢȥ
ܿ죬ھ㲻κһ˿ˣֻʣɭȻգԲ֮ڣһƬɭȻޣ
ԭеˣ˫δʲôͻҲЩȡ
ĺ͹һ˵ǺܳͻģҲֻЩŻĲͻɡ
ţȻһ۾̧ӣʾСдߡ
ûȵͳȥȻ˳ǰȻҲŽ뵽ԼСУԣ
ٴμˡ˵ϴڰ֮⣬ô£˵ǧؾǿ߶ͬʱ֣
˵о˸һ˿ŭ⣬Σ޷ԭЩȻ˶Դļһû£ҪԲĴù뾡һа취壡
һܵұеʾıγɾУƻǳֲж޷⡣
͵ҲһΣҿԽ뵽ڲռ䣬ڲռ䣬ȫʾģٶȵ̫
ԭˡ
˵ͷǾЩ֮ɫǴ֮ҼǴģֻǲ֪ƽﶼںδΪʲôʼ޷ֻǵĴ˵
Щ֪˵Щʲôˣ˻ṳ̂񾳽֮⣬缸Ѿ۷壬Ȼ߲ε硣
֮ϣ飡
飬ںηڵĻΪʲôûгֹһ


1190 
СУ֣һطȴɢһȥһʯǾ
׼һʱ䣬Ȼٳǰż֮ǰջϾǰżʱԼ֪᲻ʲôΣգܽԼĶϣҲûʲôãһʲô⣬ɾͱˡ
ȻѾңҲ̫СˣСвٵģһʱ䣬ٹһµطˡ
ЦŶ˵
Ŷ˶лǰ
ԣǰһڱȽҪħ֮ĵľΣĽڼˣҲʣ޼õġ
˵СУҪṩ㹻һһطصĲΣҲҪķǳСУô¶Ҫһµʱ䣡
ԣҲ˼ؾǿҪҪ󣬱ϾСڶԷ˽вƲ
Ըô˵˵ǼΪĸҪôҲҪһβٵʱ䡣
ô˵ڳȥս֮ǰǵﶼͣһʱ䰡
ţȻлħ֮طôͲܷڳ֮ǰħ֮ؾ磬ôһǰδеĳ̶ȡ
ħ֮أٶȽ֮ǰ嵽ʮ
ڲԶħ֮ĵľЧЩ˽⣬ֻǿϧǣֻõħ֮ǰص֮δӾ
лң˵ĶԸ⽫ıҲҿ϶رһЩҪĶġ
˰֣ʾؿ
ţֻһطҪǴӾ򵽵ħ֮ģʱֻеصӦҪ˶
˵ͷ˵
ţǾȥɣоо
һЦһ̧֮㽫͵СλȥˣѾռݣûҪֻȥطС
һգۼ䣬һΪŨĳСеһƬգ̺żŨ±ȵϹľ㣡

̲סЩпĽΪѾûˣԵʣָٶȲ죬һݣֱӾһ֮ڽĽеĸɾˡ
СУȻһֱһƾݶĵطʱ̳ӯҪʲôطĻֱӵ
Ƿǳ㣬ҪСָٶ㹻УҪȻܿͻᵼС
û˷ʱ䣬֮̾ͿʼΧȫۼԼĵڶࡪħ֮ϡ
ǵýϵȥݺ䣬ĽеȫתƵݺСȥԽʱ䲻ܳ
Ȼκһʱ䶼ǲܹ˷ѵģû£ˡ
ȻûԤϵǣħ֮ĿʼΧʱ򣬺Ȼһֹ
ħ֮ģȻڲϵɵս䱾ǿȴû
Ծطľ磬ѵʲô⣿
üͷڵħ֮ģڲȴʲô仯ǲ⡣
˵ô֮ħ֮ôҲе仯ȴһ仯ûУ˹ˡ
üͷʼնţħ֮ٶȱսĻҪ죬Ҳ˵Χħ֮ҲԶȥɣ
ûмģʱûзʲô
ѵ˵ħ֮ҪΣҪոУû£ʲôԭħ֮⡭
ڱȽϵĵǣħ֮Ѿһ֣ħ֮ĳʲô⣬ԼҲŵù
״̬Уһʱܿ͹ȥˣħ֮һֱȴʼûʲô仯
ȹ˵ʱ䣬Ũ£Ѱط϶ֱڶˣʱҪħ֮ĻδڶأϸооʲôԵʡ
ţҲֻôˣһʱ䣬Աȵһö޾ƷҩǳŨǲõıɸɾ
ţֻ뿪С磬ȥҺݺˡ
³ڣҹɫ٣ѪתһƬܿ͵˸֮Դı棬йâҫ
סֱ˺ݺķ䣬׼ȥԼ˳㽫ĽеȫתƵݺСȥ
һƴ󹤳̣ҪѵĵطںݺǱߣϾô˵ҲзԲҪô飬ݺԼСдһĴ½
Ҫĺ֮ܶˡݺȥ϶һ֮ڽ½ˣֻ룬Ҳ֪ضǺۺġ
ݺ⣬ⷿΧ޷뷿֮С
ûи㶨
ţҲֻȴ
ȴͬʱûʲô飬ϵպǲرǵݺЩ޾սȡʱ
ʦ㣬Ϊݺһ޾Ʒս޾Ʒսʮ޾ƷսЩ޾սǼֵǣϣݺȴƷƷܹʮ˼޾սȫȡ˳ַЩѡ
սҲнģҪǿǸԺսǷϣ˵Ҫ̫ƷϲŻֵ⣬޾ս棬ϵĻȻܹӳսǿ
Ȼһ޾սǳˣȴǸ࣬վкܶûеõģǺݺóԼռһЩ̫żϹżսÿ˶ܵõʵϵ
뿪磬Ѫ³ǵˣҪǺвпܶʱ򽫻Σգһǿսǵõ˸ıϣ
пܣΪһ޾սΣյսϴлʵǸߵ硭
һ˶ԺݺǳмȻݺ˵ˣЩ޾սһõģվǶ˺ܶøС
Ѿͷ׼
Ѫ幫ȻԼӣеЦȸô˷޾ս֮һˣҲȻɣ


1191 
һҹĻȫ٣ݺĽȻڣһʱҪԼСдһƬµĴ½ǻ˲ٹġ
˵ȻûʲôϵʱӦòˣҲںݺķ֮һֱȥ
Űҹʱ򣬺ݺĽɢȻһĨٻӰſڣֱ˷ȥ
ˣڸ㶨ˣС磬ոհ㴴´½ɡ
ݺЦţһѳԼСС
Ѿ˺ܵĹϵûпܣֱŽ뵽˶ԷС磬ĵطһƬѪ֮ɫڳǰȴһƬɫ֮
ոմ´½
ǰһܣһƬǰĵطͺݺѾƬ½֮ϣһȻ߼ʵġ
ƬµĴ½ϣһ鶼ûУľûУֻһƬտǣϵ鶼͵Ƭ½
½ͽɣǼһСԭ硣
ݺЩп˵
½˲ٰɡ
Ц˵ݺ§˻УȻѾԷܵĵزˣҲûҪڵˣԼŮˡ
ãʮҲ
ݺ˵ͷ˳ӵУƺࣺСлʮĹ壬Ͳܴˣܱܲκ֪
ţСлط𣿡
ʵ
ȻеģѾ׼ˣҪȻҲҪôòŸ㶨
ݺЦһЦһ̧֣֮۰ˣǴСеһλ
λĽ䣬һƬʲôûеգȻ൱ģΧݺһռϣ֮ӹ̣֤Щ޷뿪Ƭ
˵ģӦģֻǸһȶ滷ɣûʲôܱ֤ˣͺݺùȺһܵġ
תƵĻһúÿǵġ
ݺԴ˵Ϊڴ˵ÿǶύһ޾似𣬻ѡҪ޾似ͽ㣬Ҫ޾似ǾԼˡ
ţ´ԼдˣϣǶܻǸʱ򡣡
Ц˵
˵ʲôأڣôҲôˡ
ݺһۣ޺˵ϻˣϽϵתƹɣǸ󹤳ء
ţ˵ٽЩǱ־ԵĽ
ű㽫ԭϵֶ˵һ飬ҪʥǺʥҪ
ϾתƵ֮󣬾ݺƽн϶ǲ޽ˣԭʥǺʥӦôڣҪȻ綼ûģҲ̫ù
˻Ҫڣάһеֻܾһлصԭϵ߲̫ܵӰ졣
˵Щ鶼ĻڹؼʱܹСøǿˣֻƽʱҪ
ݺЦ˵࣬ôǿ𡣡
ţ鷳ˡ׼ʲôʱȥս񣿡
һ䡣
ҵÿЩ̤׵ľУЩˣôһ𣿡
ݺЩڴʵʵΣʱ̻ܱңһȥսĻԳһ´׼ˡ
Ҫٵ죬Ҹһȥҳһ£ǰСһħ֮ĵط
˵
ˣȥҿǻԴ׵ġ
ݺüһ̣ߺ˵
ЩЦãС磬Ͼͻӿʱȷطģ
ǵǣȥɣҿЦġ
ݺһЦСһȻء
˵ҼһС𣿡
һۡ

ݺһֱ̧ӽƷɿȥ
㿪ʼֽתƵݺС磬̻ǱȽģݺƬ½ҪĶࡣ
ںݺСУֻҪ߶ӡǣܵĽеֱ֮Ӵ͵Ľ⣬Ҳ˺ݺСС
Ȼһһ˴ͳҲ̫ˣֱһƬһƬдͣ϶һһ
ѩ۹ȱ͹ΧȻƮʥΧʥǺݺģǰʥࡣ
űѩ۹Ľ򱻴͹бѩ۹е飬޺ޣԼЩľһϣ
ţȣʥǣʥܱߵʮЩԭⲻĴӾĽд˳ϡ
ĽȫתƵҲҪʱ䣬˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣתٶȻǱȽϿģһϹȥܹˡ
ʱ׺縸ھĽ統УԼʮ岿壬⸸ҲӾĽȴ˳
λ½һطǾԺǰʮˡ
˵
׺˵ͷ뿪Ѱȥˣ֪ҪתƾĽڵ飬ԶԴ׼ġ
Ĳæ˻֪ԼѾıһ滷Ϊ崫ͳδ顣
ֻЩպڸȱԵ飬ܸܵһЩ֮ͿռĵĲȴҲ֪ʲô飬ܿһоͻָԭ˵ûʲôı䡣
ûã׺縸ҵ˱ȽĳһϿȣϿȵ㲻Ǵʮ岿ȫǸطȥ
Դ˵Ȼûʲôܿͽʮ岿ȫ˳ǰϿȵС
СֵܣѣǲһѪ
˿ȻʵҪпյĻ棬ϾѪҶûмֻ˵ܾǰйǲ˶Ҫһ
ţû⣬ͷҾ͸˵˵ȥ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ڰϵǲְ壬˵ѾǾԵĵˣ׺һϵĲ壬ȴᶨѡ
˵Щһ֮طʥˣǴ׬
͹Ц˵ܼЩʧľͷǳ泩


1192 ʮǧ
ҲܲЩ壬ֿԣĴȫʧأȫΪǾȡ
ܿͰ½ϵȫתƵŻϵʱ䣬鷳
תʱ򣬶ͬǽµһЩش͹ˡ
ǵ󣬻ʣһЩյϵûд͵ʱ͸о˲ԾΪȻû취֮Щյ촫ߣ
ֱӽЩյһ͵ͺˣȴû뵽˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣȴһյ춼޷ͳȥ
ʮǧյ죬ҳ͵ڣƺǷӡʲô
üͷ΢΢һ壬˺ܾǰһ˵Щյ죬һƣһӡĳΪµĴڣ
ʲôڣû֪ϾֻĴ˵ϵΣϾ̫ˡ
û취ˣúݺæʮǧյУҪȻЩϵûеطˡ
ε뵽
յ죬ǧڣڸյϵˣٺʲôóȻЩյϵ鴫͵Ĵ½Ļ϶ɺܴӣݺɲҪ鷳
ԽţְѺݺ˹æϷʮǧյ죬Щյϵ顣
˵ʮǧյƺӡʲô޷Ų
ݺ˵ĻҲЩü磬Ǿ۵С磬۾񾳽ǿ߰ɣӡĴڣ϶ʲôµĶɡ
Ҳ֪ƿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡǣҲܲйڴ˵κϢҪ̤ؾհٷ֮һٵľӡǣܸܵһЩ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ţʱҪȥӡҪȻǳʲôϾǲ֪ǰĴڡĽУǾѾصˣҪǸ㲻ãԻ޴ѡ
ݺЩ˵
İɣһ֪ܲЩ
ЦЦ򣺡Ͻ㶨ɡ
š
ݺû˷ʲôʱ䣬ʼ߶֮ϷʮǧյЩյ죬ҪڵһǧϣģһЩյĻ
Ľ縡յϵЩǧ¾ǷӡĹؼˣĴڷӡĻֻҪЩȫƻҲܿһˡʱǲҪȥΪ
ţۿһһյ챻ݺΪοϻһ㶼ģȻƽʱƺЩ׺ݵģʵǺܺýġ
һһյ챻ݺ֮ûеȫãѾʼ˴͸յϵЩ顣
Щ飬ܹܵΧı仯ˣϾݺĸյ죬ԭĸյϻ϶һҲûа취û취ͬյһ͹ֻίһЩյϵ飬һ¹ġռתˡ
ͻȻһİĵط϶ǾĪյⶼҲҲطȹϤ»Ҳûˣġռת¼»ЩɺܴӰ
Щ͸ûʲôϵˣתƹ磬ǾǣȺܿɢĽ磬Щһȥ
ǱĽĩգĽط仯Ҳֻ̫ǾʱصĽУҲ൱ˣ֮ȥֵЩʧص֮
ȻѾûκĴڣҲûҪصĽ統ȥȥҪǵģ֮ǰõЩСк޲һ¾Ľ©ԱȽϵСкпܸöġ
ⲢʵԲһʱпյʱȥоˡ
ʱţ³ɫ𽥱Զ֮ԴĹһ˺ΰ³ǡ
СУĹҲڽӽβʱ̣ڽĽȫ͵
һǸоˣҪΣ֮ʱСһӱ֮ǰС˺ܶܶࡣ
˵֮ǰĽڵЩһ֮ԿʩչԼǿ屶ʮ
ڣĽʲô鶼ûУĽС֮Ҳû̫ôˣھĽսΨһ棬Щ۵ͨ塣
ǰҲûжùСתˣսӰ첻󣬲̫ںҷתƵ˺ݺСУҲʵ
Դ˿úܿ
ںݺŮˣŮ˵ʵǿǲģֽ׶Ҫܴ׼սôҪսҪݺУȥһЩ֮̽սܺʹײεԿ
ˡ
ȫæ֮ҵ˺ݺʾл
ҪҪʾһ£ô࣬Ҳһ²źð
ݺһЦ
ţҪҰʲôֻҪģ϶ƴǡ
ֱЦ˵
ܼ򵥣㿿
ݺ֣дЦ
Щ㷣뵽ʲô˵İ취ɣ
͹
ݺԥʱߺһһֵ֮Լһ⧲ֱѹȥ
ʡһ֣

ʱ֣Ӻݺס֮ԴЩпô̶ʱ䣬һ羹Ȼ͹ȥˣʱûǿ찡
ȥǰˡˣȰʥ۽йȥסǰ岿֮˽ɡ
ţͬʱҲҪ֪ʥǷѾط֮ɹˡ
ֻ֮аѪܹطʥԴӵõ֮һֱδɹѶȻǱȽϴġ
õ֮طھĽУھڲһʱ䣬Ϻ·Щʱ䣬ֱ³ǣûܹȫɹ
ؼΪĽԽԽϡ٣ϵڶھϣѾò̫ˡ
ԣʥ뿪˾Ľ֮ҲҸȽϳĵط
ںݺСУϣȻԭľ߲Ũôʽȥս֮ǰʥۻҪȰ֮ط˵ġ


1193 ħ
ȥʥ۵סһй׺ȰںݺСе飬Ȼ;ֱǰȥˡ
ȥʱܹ֪ħ֮ľô£ݺҲżȥսΪҲǼ޾ƷսϤϤʱܷӳս
ȻݺҲӵ̫Ʒģ򲻵ѵʱǲᶯ̫ƷϾǿ̡
ټϣСУѪý֮ͨ⵽ƻʱڻû취ԭս˲٣Ϥһ޾ƷսĻսǰȥս϶ǺΣյġ

СС
һŨħ֮ĽɣһȻûиܵħ֮ĵı仯
ĵڶ࣬ڲΧͬʱȫûκηӦ·һ޵׶
ԣпħֻ֮ǱûзӦʵڲĹ̵С
ЩƣҲû취ֻܼħ֮ȥˡ
ʱҪǻûзӦĻʱ취
ħ֮ĲСǰŨڲϱĵħ֮ٶʵ̫ˡ
˵ѰطӵһڶأʱյΪһĻôħ֮ɵǶʮ
Ҳ˵ħ֮ÿյ޽ѰطӵһڶλҪ࣡
仰˵ħ֮طѰطҪʮ֮ħ֮Ļûκα仯Ļô±ĸӸӡ
ٶȣˡ
֪˾֮ħ֮طǴӾõǿطȴû뵽ħ֮ط˿£
У֪̲ʲôܣϧ۲һͷûУȫ޷ܵеκϢΨʾľϢ΢е򡭡
ԼСУھѾˣҪеĶȴ
˵ģھڲƺʾľģǳŨʾӦòϧûڳ³çĽ뵽ڲȥ
۵õ֪೤ʱ䣬ط츳ǿҲǲڶ̶ʱڴʲô
ָͽͣҪһʲôǷǳѵģҿ˵Ǽܵ顣
˵ʱǱߵ˽չ
ʱȥħ֮ĽƬΧеŨȫ˸ɸɾʹҪôС磬Ҳһʱܹ۳ģȴʱĹˡ
ҪһֱȥĻСܿͻøɺˣҪҲǲˡ
֮ڵĵڶ࣬ħ֮ͻȻı仯
ԭħ֮޵׶ޱ仯֮ʮطڶص֮ϢͻȻ仯ɭȻĸоȻ壡
һɭȻ֮ڶ⽫Χסƺڶ̽ͲѰڼûиоκβʵĵط
ʱʱ䣬ɭȻϢڻɢȥ˿
ڶˡоƺûʲô̫仯ٶȣǰϺܶ౶ˣȫ٣Ҳһʱ֮ڳ
ţԼ仯Ȼ൱˷ܵġ
֮ǰʱƾħ֮Ҫʱ䣬ȻֻǲĻòôڣʱֱӽ
ǰ죬һ죡
֮ǰںͽ̫ӾʱҲùħ֮ģʱ̫Ӳδȫݻ٣ֻһʱȫ˹
ҪڣٶȽĻ̫Ӿ͸ûлᣬսҲܹӵӦ֡
ˣ״̬ټѾȫ޸ɣҪǰսŽҲ׵ˡ
ԼڵʵľģҪľ׼ȥսȻõսѫһһЩԴˡ
뿪С֮ǰУҪ뵽ڲȥ
ԴЩԥΪȷǷܹ뵽ڲû£ȥҲû취ƴˡ
ڲʾľķǳŨûԴľģóȻп϶ֻ·һᱻʴ𡣡
˵ǰȻ˱ԴľĵģҲֻǽڲռĻˣڻûҲ֪
ֻһˣӦûŶԡ
˵
֪óȻǷǳΣյһ飬Ϊ˴֮żһУ볢һ¡
Ϊ̽żΣԿ˵ǽڴ뵽ĽһСľͻУ
ܹǿһ㣬ʱҲܹż٣˵ܹһʱһɵʾģôʵһ
εǿ˵ҪʵʵǷǳѵһ飬ͨѾû취յ似Ҳ˻սҲϵϵĲΡ
Ҫʵ̫ˣ
Ψ棬ܹԼıԴģɱΪʾģʵֱ˵һѸ١
ڴУѾӽ޵е״ֻ̬ƴʦְֻ̤񾳽ĳǿˡ
ʾģʵôµĳ̶ȣ
ǣȵĽھĽ绹ûгױռݣ㻹ͣһʱ䡣
Ȼ˾ҲȰöˣֻܳ˵ȶԽ뵽ڲռ䣬ȻӾĽзųΣգǰ̻ȥû⣬ǾͿʾˡ
š
˵ͷűʾͬ⡣
˵üΪأΪھʵ˽̫ˣһСĿ¾ͻɴ
뵽Ľ֮㰴֮ǰֱӽ뵽˾ڲռ䣬һŨʾİΧУ


1194 ս
ѾһξڲٽһεȻʲô⡣
ڲռУɳżŨľģŰΧм䣬ֻҪܽʾľĺڵУȥ
ǰ׼ˡ
һȻ߶ӡǣ֮ӾĽ˳
ҪĵĵطƮпܻ;ͻҪֻ˾ĵĻôˡ
ʵ֤ⵣȫûҪģͬСеЩƮ;ĵ໥ദһȫûκγͻڵڲʱһģһ
ȻƮ죬ȴδ⵽ʾĵĳͻ˫Ȼദһ
Ҳ˿
ǰûˣͷɣ츳Ҳһʱ䣬һɵʾģһǿˡ
ЦЦ˵
ţлˣǾ͵һºټˡ
һЦȻͿʼ˶ʾĵʱȣû˷һ˿һʱ䡣
ȻҲȥˣҲԼҪȥѾʼ뵽״̬Ȼ뿪˾ڲռ䡣

սţһ֯һԿǿս
򵥵˵ֻһ仰ҪսͻȻʧô壬һʱͻᱻŵ壬͸ǰĹ³
ɼսţ˵жôҪ
廹Ľ֮ڣսż£żŻսŵ˳彮ڣ󲿷ʱ䣬սŵȫǺӻսϣǿ
ԣһ·ϴӰǺӣûмսŵĻģҲǵ³֮ѪȥԼľʱȥսѪϵĻء
˵Ǿǻֺꡢɱ
սѪϵĻأλ³֮⣬һϿȵ£̤УһɱɭϢһӾ͸ܵңԶսϵķΧ
Сг֮ںͺݺһٴսŵĺΰɱĻظǰ
ߺˣ
սŻشſڴʱųʮؾǿţǿߣ徫ӢμΪ࣬Ҳ֪ĸġ
ͺݺЩ̱ȳѯʡ
ѪսӶݺ
ѪսӶ
ͺݺԱԼݣȡǸԵľǵݣսӶսŵķʽԱ彮ڵǺҪôݾսӶݺһ
ѪӺʱߵʱҲսӶݣ򵥵˵ӶԱֻһʱսʿҪսţؾŹ򣬲սڷʮꡪرǿĴڣսмʮʱ䶼Ƿǳѵġ
Ϊսս·࣬ÿ궼̫ǿսϣΪ彮ΪźѪ
ȻҪʵĻսӶʾǳսʿģҪսӶжûʽսָӣʱ򣬺֯ʲôЧķж
ȥɡ
ʮؾǿ߷ֱÿͺݺÿһͨ·˵ѪֻôһսţʵϣҪսĻûҪܵ
ѪǵÿһУһսŵİ´רȥȡսġ
ֻҪܴ׼սģŻרսŵĻܲ
ںݺ֣ЩؾǿߵȻ˵˵ģϾѪǵ˾Ѫ䣬Ǻݺı硭
ԣȻ֪ݺʲôǶǷǳʵϣһսӶսŻأЩ̬Ҳ̫ϾҶΪ彮׳Լһÿһ˶ֵصġ
Խܵ׼սѶȵȻߵÿ£ֻҪɣԿԵõܶսŹѫ
ݺ˵
ڿˣҪʲôսҿǲ벻ȥֻܸ̽̽Σͷ·
ٺһЦ
ܱ֤Լˡ
ݺҪҲߣ֪ûоʲôΣյĻʻ൱ߵġ
ֶη࣬սʱпֶܳǿߣͬ¼ûܹ֣˵ںݺ׼ܴ׾缶ս
Ϊ˵õսŹѫȻ󾡿һ㹻Ĵ֮Դ˾գֱȥ׾ս
Ȼںݺ˵λ׼սƺҲ̫СһЩ
˺߽ܿսŻصȻֱߵս񷢲
ѾвǿߴڣǴ׾ģʮЩǿӦڵȴʲô
ۿͺݺ߹Щǿǰһ漴˵ΪȻʧƿߡ
ЩǿߣȫǴ׾ǿߣѵڵȴ㹻֣Ȼʼһ׼ս񣿡
ţҲûж˵ʲôֻǸݺһߵ˾񷢲
ʲô׼ս񣿡
ߵ̨ǰݺֱӳĹԱһ䡣
׼սֻһ⿪ţڵȴԱ롣
ǹԱһۺݺЩȣû뵽һλףȻѯʴ׼ս
׼𣿡
ЦɣѾͷλף׵ľ񣿡
Ǻ֣ޣλ׶ܲǺȣ
ӦǲҽİɣϾΣʵ̫ˣǴ׶ұ֤Լ˵λˡ
ȵȣҿѾͷе졭ˣⲻѪͳıѪһĹ
ܿϳ˺ݺʱһȫ̾
ѪĻǵûˣСô£
˽עŵϣüͷ
ڲǵ۾Σ׶㲻ϣԼС綼ûУЩ׾ǿУͬһĴڡ
˶ɣݺȴ§סһ첲۵ˣ˵Сĵ㣡
仰ֱڳһκˡ
ʲô
Ѫ幫ȻѾˣҾȻһǵ۾εСӣ⣬δҲ̫˰ɣ
ֱڿռЦ


1195 ͻ֮
ںݺһ仰Χʮһǿߵ𺳣ҲΪƣһҪ͵Ĵɾһˡ
ǵ۾ΪμӴײεս񣬱Ͳܵ͵ݺ˵ˣʮһ׾ǿҲرע
ȻڵĻѾʮһеĽ㡣
λá
һȽϼ˧Ķţⲽߵ˺ݺǰȻҪ˺ݺ˧΢Ц£ľ壬кޣźܾˣһһһᡣ
ľ壬Ҳ彮ڲһ壬ҲǸһĴڣΪ޵ľ˧꣬ľеĵλ²͡
Ⲣܹݺע
⺫ƺҪԼ֣ݺװûһƤЦⲻЦ˵ţľǰûôӴأϣܹ졣
ݺȻǲİ֣Ǻ޵ƺЩʹ죬ȴδֳ
죬ô˵ȷҪμεĴˣ
ЦһȻ˺ݺԵλҲҪһμӴ񲻳ɣǵĻҴһأµˣȻǡ˲š
⻰ǷȻڳеڳ˼ȻݺҪ֪⼶Ȼѣ֮õĹѫҲġ
ǵ۾ΪҪɴ񣬼ǲܵ飡ڴУҲ𲻵˿õĴڣȻú޵ϲ
⳰Ļһ˵ԱʮǿҲǺǺЦˣȻӰõĹѫǸоп϶һöûУ룬ʵ˷
һףĿԻҪһЩҲܸһЩء
Ҫμӣ˵˵δ׼ϸɡ
ݺȴûȥЩһֱӶսŵ񷢲Աһ䣬Ҫ֪ľϢ
õģ¡
񷢲Ա˵ͷ㿪ʼһλսǰߣң֮ǰڵʦ˴ͻ֮ͻ֮Ը彫ЧԶսǰ˵ǷǳҪһʣԾս۵򣡡
·ߣǽӵǺӳȻǰսս֮⣬ʱпԱ巽вΪһЩǿԤʦԽһЩԤԳ˵һͻ֮ͣѾ޵֪ˣԣŻļʮǿһͣһԷȻǺ󷽣Ҫ͵ϮǣӦҲǵĶˡ
λҪɣĲԱÿһλԵõʮսѫԱָһѣԵõͬʮսѫ
˵񷢲Աüͷ΢˵Ȼλļ죬Ѿǵ죬ڼϾӲãûļʮˣҲóˡ
λףǵ۾ҲԲμ𣿡
ݺʼѯʹؼ⡣
Ȼԣʱ򡣡
˵˵ͷ˵ղʮ˲μӣҲԼ룬յõĽ仯׵ĻɿԵõʮսѫҪλףֻսѫĽǵ۾
˵˿һЦЦҪŵĻԵõǧսŹѫºܱǸӲԹ涨Ҳ
޷ǧսѫѾȵ۾εöˡ
ǲô⣬ʼ˵
ѶȺΣȴҲ̫ࡣ
ݺüͷ΢塣
ûϵģңֻҪ̫ùҲʲôΣա
ԺݺЦ˵
š
ݺԱչüͷ˵ͷȻ˾ôٷԾû˼ˣؼںݺ˵Ǿţ˵УǾУ˵ûΣգͿ϶
ģäĿģΪǺݺ˶Σ֮󣬲ŶӡΣ˵ȥ˿ܻÿЦλǿߣȻһǵ۾ǶԷûйͺݺľ
һʱʱ䣬Ǿ͸óˣϣĸ׾ǿߣĻаˡ
һĿ׳üͷ˵ڳʮһǿ֮УļûжͺݺĹϵеԾ֮һ
Ҳ˵Ŀ׳ͺݺĹϵȤȫֻоˡ
һʱǵȲˣСӼǵĻ
һüĿӿһۺݺȻҡҡͷϣǲǺȰɡ
ǱϹˣ֪Ѫ幫ȻֻλףʵǴﵽѰˮ׼ģǺȡ
ԱһЦ˵λǵ۾ҸոյõϢǺӱǧؾΧûҲǵ۾ʱ򣬾ͶԸɵλ׼߸λסڴײСӰﲻʲôæҲǺȵġ
⻰һһԵͺݺΪȵĴһ¡
ֻӢˬӣȻһŮӣȫˮɫĳһͷˮɫ̷лǲ
Уˮɫͷ٣Ƕ̷Ůȴ̫ˣ
ǰ˱һ̷ŮӣûѰŮӵϢѪӢˣһͶкøС
ˮɫ̷ŮӣոĿ׳нüĿӿһ˹ϵȻǱȽܵģٱȺҪܲ١
塢塢塣
ݺ£Ȼ۾Ȼһ£Ǻ຺ǵģǽüĿ壬ˮɫ̷ŮӣԺ塣
塢塢壬干ִͬƾǺӣֵǣ֮ĹϵһֱǳܣԶԶʤһǺзչĸ壡
˺ݺⷬǰǿ΢˵ӡɱǵʱ򣬽̫ӱɱɱȴԴ޶ԣĬɱ˽̫ӡ
ɼǺУ塢ɱȵȣǴھϵġ
һִžǺӵ塢ͺ壬֮ȴûκθңκʱ綼ͬ飬·ʵͬһһ㡣
Ҳ¾Ǻ彮еʵԶԶʤЩŽǺӡ
ǺŮӣƺͦ˽ġ
۾Ǹո˵ˮɫ̷ŮӣһЩ棬ŮֱͺݺȻЩ˵ϢȡҪһЩ


1196 Ǻ
壬壬壬干ִͬһǺӣ彮֮УеľŽͬһǺе塣
׼Ļͻ֮սĴǿߣӦһμӵġ
Ҫһ˳ĻλˣΪսͻ࣬ȻˣͲ˳˵
һΪ;˳񷴶ᱻ۵սŹѫڶΪЩսǱȽҪģǺһΪ˳ʧܵĻҲͳΪ壬սŵˣ
ܹʮһǿ߲λͻ֮һʱ֮սǰߡ
ʱڣͺݺǷ뵽Ǹδ֪˭Ҳұ֤һʱУ׹μ񡭡
ʮˣĻͺݺҲеôġ
пܵСģıǿأʽ֮ǰӦѡһ죬жʱָΣ
ľ˧꺫ޣվ˵ţܣΧ˶˵ͷȻǺ޳˵
Ȼ˺ݺ¾Σ
ԡ
ݺ˵ͷȻԺ޵ĵһӡ󲢲ǺܺãԷ˵ĻҲʵڣжǱҪһģȻʱΣոΪսĻʧܵĿʵ̫ˡ
壬ԲǿСĶرĳЩ棬һЩ嶼Ҫǿܶ࣡
Σʶǳǿ󣬶ĳЩΣյԤ嶼Ҫǿ࣬ڶԿսԷ棬ûлùʲô̫ơ
ΪºòһԱģɱشʧսԣԷҲܹǰΣգӶӦսԲãԵƽսԣ
εͻ֮ҲһΣգ;ǿصĿԣǰٷ֮ٵģֻ׼Էǿһʽء
ʮǿߵãǱȽϱյģΪǿҪͨ谭ս彮һҲûôף̫Ļõ
ǵأʮǿһжʱһЩʧӦǳɹʱȽϴġ
Ȼٳһʱȴֻʮһ׼ᣬЩȻ鲻̫ãϾΣ̫ˣʵǷǳµ顣
ֻܽĿͶͺݺϾ˷ˮɫ̷ŮӵĻЩ˶ںݺЩģǶ
˵ʵûκڴʲôʱıϺȾѾллˣ
Ϊʵ̫ˣЩǿ߻ǵ۾ʱһڼʮǰǸʱѾȥꡭ
ʮһǿУͱȽϴ󣬿ٻˣǵǵ۾Ѿȥꡣ
ǶôңԶһӣ
˵ڳô׾ǿߣܲʵǲȥ̫࡭
Ҳ͵ˣľ˧꺫ޣûѯжοȫҪĲ룡
ݺܲУ׶ͶƱʱ򣬺ݺȴһҪ󣺡ȻҶһεĻǱ㲻ܺκһˣŽһĲҪġˣҲҪһƱУҪȻξͲμˣڻʽУ㷴Ҳᱻ۳ѫ
ݺ⻰ʱʮһǿЩΡ
ҪͶƱѡľ˧꺫ޣǶøʹˣȻûֳȴѾʵ˼㣡
ǾٵȵȺˣ˵˹һʱʱء
һͬƵ꣬˵ţǺݺ˼֣ǲκӡ
磬رսĵǺУʵϸ׼ʵ΢кݺΪҲ˶ݺˡ
ϾڳЩȫǴ׾ǿߣÿһ߳ȥܶһ棬󶼴ĳǿ壡
ԼԺݺЩȻΪȴҲû̫ġ
ȻԷѡҪȴݺȻҲǿԷֻҲһԵš
ܵܣҪǲμλĻǾȥλ׼ս񣬷ǵĵһΣҲһҪôѶȸߵ񡣡
ݺǵֱۣȻȻ˵
ʵûҪЩ˶˵ģ˭˵ûʲôӰ졣
ԺݺľٶΪεġ
ʵȷνԷ˭죬ֻҪľ˧꺫޵ˣҪȻԷ»бȽ
ݺˣζҪάı֣ȴЩжڳԼŮˣȻԼάǵû뵽ġ
ͺݺһӣľ˧꺫ޣĸӲˬˣǰûݺģڵҲϲݺΪĹϵļʺͲˬ
Ȼݺûʲô飬ݺô˵ǸƯӣȻӡ󲻴ںݺȻһǵ۾εСǣ⺫ļΪߺޡ
ɲֳϾ˶Ϊսɻͻ֮ڱϣǲܸݺġ
һʱʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˣ
һʱУûκһսѾͨ棬˵ȱĸףûǰ
Ҫ֪׾ǿߣͷǳҪʮһеҪѾûֹˡ
彮֮ڣһǺӵУܹҲôʮ׾ǿߡ
ȻڵǺߣ׿϶Ҫ彮ڵǺӶ಻٣ҪʱڴʮǿߣѶҲǷǳߵġ
ֻһȥˣڿʼʮ˱һ壬ɷָһΪĿꡣ
ۿʱ䵽޶ȣԵĿ຺ӿһۺݺȻ˵˵ͷ˵
̬ȵЩȣƺʽʼ֮⵶׳̬̱Ҳûжκӵ˼ˡ
⵹һ˿øС
Ȼ֪¶ԷԼȻģ⵶׳δˣΪж
ǵ۾жʵûκΰϺȣҿǲҪμ˰ɣȻ¿ԽԼСȥ
ľ˧꺫ޣȴɶܲˬۿҪ飬̾ͳ˵
˷ʱ䣡
⻰ĺ׳̳һѾʱ䣬ֻһʱаţϾҪͶƱѡ˭ж죡


1197 쵶
⵶ĺ׳ľĺ޶ʱ˵ˣԷ˵ĻȻֻǿǵ۾ȻԼˡ
Ȼ׳ˣôû˷ʱʲôˣ׷׿ʼͶƱѡȽϿ׵졣
ͶƱѡ񣬽Զ׼ˣ塢ͺ屾ԾǺӶͬ㣬׵Ʊĺ׳
ͬͶƱ׳ģͺݺ˾Ϊ˿ȽϹͦоڹؼʱ̻ܹܱ߳ľ˧꺫޺õĶˡ
һʮܹ͵õƱˣϻˣҲǿ׳ȽֱӽƱͶƱﵽ˰Ʊ
һͶƱ˭ѾûʲôνˣΪ׳ƱѾ˰ǵ֮ѡˡ
Ȼˣ鷳оҵָӣԾǺӣ壬е࣬еֵϵңڲɵʱ򣬳ɣ
׳Ϊ֮󣬵Ҳûȥ˷κһʱ䣬ֱӴսԱнӹһöָ
һöָУĻƷͻ֮Щͻ֮Ը޵ǿ̣󣬻彮ʦʱƳ
һʧܣ˵ʧصġ
׼ûʱ䣬ͺݺ׳ܹ࣬ʮߣԱ³սŻڵʱӡǴȥ
ǰɣȽóʲô˵ʱܰæҲ˵
һǰһ߳ʵ
̽䡣
ʵشս˵̽ʵǲģսЩǿǰȫʲô̽ˮ׼ǲдˣҪǡ
һоΪͨӰ֮飬һͨѾǵ۵ܹͨʱΪ׵ޣ
áѪ幫أ
ѯʡ
ΪӳҪְ֪ÿ˶óʲôȻΣյʱܹÿóĶаְսЧʡ
ҲһһԵѯ˻شЩУóսģս漫ǿϾǴ׾ǿߣ綼վ۷Ĵڡ
Ҳһˣͨ͵ھǳֻսǿ
ľĺޣǱȽóָ͵ͨ似˻Ǻܲģڣǿʡ˵ҩˡ
ܹʮˣ֮⣬ȫޣҳͺݺ֮⣬ȫǴ׾ǿߡ
ЩˣսѾǱȽϤˣԶƻϸڲûжʣҪͻ֮͵ĶȥҪ;ٵطȵȡ
ЩǶֻͺݺȴ֪
ӳλĿĵĶ
ݺ㳯ź׳⡣
м˶ʱЩЦѪⷽȫǸְô˵͸еˡ
⼸Щǣݺô̫׵ӣһ;ʲô⣬˺ô죿
ĿĵǰߣλòҪǰ߲֪Ϊս彻սսÿʱÿ̶ڱ仯û֪ǵʱսĸλá
׳˵ԽǿǰսߣԽ壬ҶСһЩһٶȽȻתƵص㣡
ס
ĽüĿӣԼˮɫ̷ŮӣԵ˵ͷ˸浶жܶˣڵԸҲ൱Ϥ
ܿ죬ʮ˱һλսŻڲһʱӡǴǰ
ｫǴ͵ǺӵıԵǾֻɵĿĵأҪʱ䣬ʽ̤ս֮ûʲôʱӡǴд͵ģΪÿʱÿ̶иָ壬ƻսϵЩʱӡǣ
˵̤꣬ʱӡǴ
ȻҲǸȥʱЩţΪڲμӵĿǴ׼ս
ѶǴ׵ǿߣһأֺܿȫǴ׵ĴڣսǺѲʲôá
Ψһģǰͷ̽·ˣֵĻпֱͨռĴ͵Աߣ̽·ʵҲ΢΢
̽·֮⣬治֪ԼʲôãʱֻӦˣ
ʱӡǴĿԡһʱĵУʶĳҿһۣȴպüľ˧꺫ޣȻЩĿԼ
ǺޱջĿ⣬ȴǱˣ
һѵЩʲôС
ţ˸εãؼսִйУӦôҲڧǺ޵ʱ޷ȷһʲôˡ
ưһֱҶûȥˮôߵﶼ˸ԣ
ΣҲΪˣܹѸ٣ǿ츳սʶ
Խ࣬ɳԽ죬ӦҲԽΣգȻףؼҪɳѸ٣ͱһһεΣա
һΣֳǱǿ֮⣬ľ˧꺫ޣΪĴڣҪ밵жôĻƺĺ׾ˡ
ʱӡǴʮ˷׷ױ뿪Ѫǣ
ٴ۵ʱ򣬷ѾʮһһƬڼžյС
󿴣һǺӣкü֮Դɢ΢ĹâȻѾȽԶˡ
ǾǵǺӣҪֻǰսǰȥ͵ǰߣ
쵶侲˵ţȻһʾ˸ǰ
ǰķǰһգ˭Ҳ֪ƬлʲôֻҪǰƬ̣ʽ̤սķΧΣգʱضпܽ٣
ڵǺӵķΧڣǻЩη֮ĴڣݡԤ㡢Ϯȵ롣
սΣٻٱ
ս彮ߣⱵ嵹ǲֽ࣬׶ҪǱҫսǲܶŽˣһƬΧڣִģıˡ
˭Ҳұ֤ԷᶯʲôֶΣֱӽһǿߴ͵
뵽սΧʮȫ뵽ս״̬ʱ׼ӦԿֵܳΣգľ˧꺫ޡ
ʱ򣬺ҲȥעˣΪһСԼ
Ҫ֤ģȻԼβɣڶԸûҵᣬԺҲǡ


1198 Ϯ
ʮ˳ս˽ȥ޾գκζûУеľһƬڰ
ںݺߣܹ˵ٶȡ
˵ʱȣΪٶ̫һӴ뵽õȥ˲δȫǰ˵ȴǱþȫܹ˵ٶˡ
Ͼֻǵ۾Ϊ̫Щ
֮⣬һɢɢΧǰ
쵶˵
ʮ˱㰴˵ģֱΧɢȥͺݺڣ˾뵶һ￪ĵط
룬ܹ໥֧ԮԶ룬ԶĻȻܹ໥оҪ֧ԮԷûôˡ
ʮ˲ǰٶȼ죬ܿͺ͵ǺԽԽԶҲʹԽԽ뵽ΣյսС
սһƬܳƣƬУҲвǺӴڣڳսЩǺе֮ԴѾӽݽߣ˸ǺӹżĴڡ
ЩưǺΧһƬ޾գƬյУ֮սһ彮Ľ紦
ΣգʱضпܷƬеκν䡣
ڿ彮ߵսڣƽвѲߵģѲ߱ȽϷɢƬ̫۰ŶѲߣ㵽
ƬУפѲ߾žкüܹٵ۾ǿޣƬĿռ˵ȴֻǾţһëƽÿԲһŻһѲޣǰãûκһѲޡ
ҲǼΪ飬ڽеּĻһʲôΣյĻмѲСڸҲǸﲻæġ
Щ̫Ծ
һǰ˰֮󣬺ݺһ𣬺Ȼ˵
Ҳоˣ
˵ͷһ䡣
ڸոգͨƿصطоΧƺЩͬѰĿռĲ֣ȻֻһַȴҲע⡣

ݺ˵ͷɫҲ˾ƿأȻŵصľ磬Ҳʶ֪ѰĴ׾ǿߣ
ʱΧͬеޣûʲô쳣ͺݺȴѾ
Сĵ㣬ҸоصĿռĲ֣
ݺΧʮһǿߡ
䱸
Եж쵶ɫһȫûлʲô̾˽䱸ΪʱĺݺܸǿʲôЦ
صĿռʲҶûоһλףôܹܵ
ƫƫҪݺԵģǾľ˧꺫ޣҪݺԣֻǵҪݺעˡ
һΣȻǴˡ
žΪ⺫֮⣬ȫѾʼ䱸⺫Ҳͳ˶ԷһĿ꣡
޸ո˵ⷬûκηӦѩϾζȻʹԳ֣֮˲䱬
Ǳļһ
˿̾𾪳һʱ˷Ӧͨ似սʲôͬһʱ˳
ҲֻǺޣ˼ݺעϣڶȻͷ͵ϮһЩ⧲
ͷȫǴ׾ǿڣʱ˿ͻȻ֣û˿飬ֱͨӽ޵ױֲ̳̽ȥױû취
һеһУֻ˲䣬ֻΪ޶˵һ仰ͳЩ幥Ŀ꣡
õǣһɢ⺫ԲԶһ׾ޡ
ʱǺͺһĴ˲仯һͷ񣬱ģͬʯһײͷ壡
״͸֮ɫۿ֧Ԯ̾ѡ˳ˣһδǰʧֻһɱĺޡ
ʱĺޣȫס̴룬Ѫ죬ΪңôʱӦû
գ
һĴ޻񣬻˲併٣һ֮󽫺Χı񳹵ڻ˳
ϵ˵ҩӦް
ǻһֱ仯ΣӺҵһҩƿӣҵö̫żֱӶȥ
˵һö˵ҩӦþ㹻ˣǻ˵ҪǱԼȫԾͱٶȰѺ޾Ȼ˷ѵķǺԼĵҩ
ȫ䱸ʱֹ͵Ϯȫʩչ̽ͨڵλøҳ
쵶ȳÿС鶼ۼһһ飬͵Ϯأ棬ȥݺǵĸ֪ƺ˶ҪǿһЩ
غͺ棬ͺĳԱǰ߱üĿӣ֮ˣˮɫ̷ŮӣǺˡ
˶Եƴӣ̾͵ͺݺΧ
ڵԼԭһڶ룬ʱ˿Ҳǰ˺޺ǻԣǻһ⻹޾ۼһ䱸
ݺܸоǴ𣿡
ȫ߶ƿأȴû취ܵͷλãüͷķǳȡ
ܣоݣ
ݺҡͷȻ̴߶ѪĴطӳԼǿֱ֮ӽ֮ӵ˺ϡ
Ϊͷһ־͵ϮĺޣӺϽܹõϢ
Σж𣿡
غͺˣҲǼΪ䱸ͺݺԣȫ߶̽ģΧԲķΧڶˣȴҲûܹҵͷκζ
ҪôͷѾ뿪Ҫôͷֶʵ̫ˣ
ݲֻ֪ǿ϶Ǹû뿪ΪûиܵκοռĵĲ
ݺҡҡͷЩΡ
֮ϾܵģҶԷֶҲʵ̫ˣôһ̽⣬Ȼ޷̽Էλãʵ𾪡
ǲҳɵΧʵ̫ΣˣȻҲǣǾֻˡ
ţȴû˵ʲôžȻ֮ɫֻݺһۣ¶˾ġ
һУݺ˼ʱЩΣҲûֹ
ȫ׼׼Χʩչͨ
ݺѸͨƿصַȥҪ鴫Χס
Χʩչͨ
ʲô
Ӱ쵶ڶЩˣܿǾˣֻһȻԴغͺı룬ֱӳȥ˹һˣ


1199 ж
ۿȻ뿪غͺıȥ˹һˣΧȫһ
Ҫֻ֪ǵ۾ĲΣ
˹һˣ߳ȺϿ˵ˣ
ҪԼעͷ
࿴ҲЩȻ˾̫³çˣпܵʮ˼Աϸһ룬֮⣬Ƕлʲôã
ʱ̾׼һбĳȥ֣̾ͿԶͷʩչֶΣ
ʼ͵Ϯ޵ʱʵ˭ûзӦͷѣڼȻ׼ǲñóѡ
ΨһҪĵľǣͷ᲻ϵϾҲǻԲñ߳ôԵֶΣԷҲǱȻġ
Էˣ᲻һǵ۾Сӣ
㲻ᣬһСӶǼͷҲκв
ɻ󣬲ǵеɻ󣬸ǿͬɻ󣬰ݺڣҲ֪ôܹôȷţԼܹͷ֣
⣬˵ˡ
Ϊӵбʥģ
塢塢ȵȣЩʥȡߣӡ˾ĽУǰв徭ԽԶĿռ䣬뵽ĽУȥ̽Ѱʥ䣬ڣĽλѾȫı䣬Ľ硣
ƿ˰ٷ֮ʮľӡ֮ͽĽطӡŵʥﶼ㵽УȻǽھĽڣҪĻʱȡġ
ʱľۣŰȻԴô彮ģǵʥﶼ˳ڵ彮ڣûκһܹõҪȻĻ֣ͽЩ嶼ˡ
ţҲ˼ͬʱʥӾĽȡ˳һöǳɫˮ񣬿һͷСı壬ֺ̺ԵԴȪڱ˵
ڱ˵ҪԣԶԶ͵ͻ֮ԣȷȡʥ֮󣬾ԻΧıȫ֣
ʥôǵ۾Сһ֣Ҳһֻ֣һ֣ǽٵ⡣
ڣȡ˱ʥվձ̣
ʥϢոճ֣ԥľʹ߶˾鱾Դ֮ʩչӰֱ֮ͨӻޣ
ûκԥΪȷţʥϢܹԷճһԷ֣ƾڵ磬ԲκλĿܡ
ԣֻ΢¶һ±ʥϢ̴߶Ӱ֮ͨԼޣҪ޶ȵȷԼİȫ
ȻŸոջޣг֣˲䴩ԭڵĵطͷüĳڵķ˹
ʥ֣ΧбȫܹȻͷ֮࣬ȫǴ׾ǿڣ
ͷ壬Ӳ֣ͬڴϮֺĻֲգҪնɷ飡
Ȼ֮ǰѾޣʲôܲˣȻͷ幥ǿ̫󣬻Ҳ޷̫á
֮ʵǴһ̵޿ռУԷǿ̫ǿ޿ռͻ飬Ҳͻ״ָ̬ƽʱ״̬
Ȼ޿ռҪֵͷһ׾ٵ飬ôױ顣
ԣͷĳע޹ܵõҪıʥ½Ƕ壡
ͷ壬һʥＸûô˼ֱӾͳˣΪǿֻǸǵ۾εСӣǳĻ϶˲ܽʥȴû뵽׼лһУ
ͷ׾ıͬʱ֣ȴͬʱ˸գҲʱ򣬵Χ˵Ŀͨʱǵض
Եģͨս似׷ʩչ˳ԼͱԵĺ֮⣬ʣʮһ˸Գ֣ͷȫסˡ
ƣ⣬ڽϡ
һϵпֶΣͷ峹Уÿһͷ˲䶼޷
֣ɵ
ûκԥֱʩչֶΣֿ񱩺嫵˲עʮǿߣλ׾ĺݺһ֣أնΪ֮
ͷ壬ǿȵĹ£ֻ˺ܶʱͳ׻˻ҽͷûһͷܹȻǿ󣬵վҪʤһ׼ҪԸˡ
ڱʥ£ͷ³çжֱӱָɵ
ͷΪޣΧ˶뵽ȫĶΡ
رǺݺȻģһʲôأ
ںܿ죬Ӱʹ֣³ǰȻ״̬ͷ͵Ϯûжκ˺
գҪǰޣʩչ˾ıԴ壬ҿѾ֮ˡ
һȷΧѾûĴˣԱʥֱӱջص˾Ľ統С
̧ͷܣΧʮǿߣжһЩͬ
ݺޱȣľĺޱԣδѹ
ʣµĵࡢغͺʮˣжһ־ɫϾֺȻֶ֣жǻԼһҲһܹȻ
ڣԭȴˣʣ֮ѾչֳԼļֵԼʵҪǣСӻܹڹؼʱ̽Ǵ
Ҫ֪ո£ͻȻͦԸնͷ廹һǱܾãŻȴ֮һ֣ʱЩ˿»ĵֵס
жȴɹԷͷӣͷȫ𣬽ĵһΣ
СӣǶˣ
üĿӣأˬʵЦӡһӸĹۣҶλ˸ģ
λɣһҪսᣬǳɹֻǧѫʵ̫ˣ
һҲЦ˵֮ɫ


1200 ӡĹ
ڳ֮УϮľ˧꺫֮⣬ʮȫӡĹۡ
رǵࡢغͺˣͶûʲôƫڶ͸ˣСӣȻڹؼʱͦ䵱նǽһϮıһ򾡡
ȻҲ֪СôͷȫһֵģɵĲҪɹҸ˿ԷָһսŹѫ
Цţ򣺡ǻи񣬴źٶ·ûʱԵ飬Ȼ˵һϮı壬Ǻܿͻ֯ڶƵģʱҪֵûôס
š
˺޵Ĵף˵ͷֱӴ߶һŻս޷ŵ˻ϣŵѸټǰǰ
δ룬ص˺ݺߣݺΪģֱӽ첲סˣ´οɱô³çˣ˵ʲô취ȫģһǵ۾ĳСӣҲŲͷȫһ
Ʋ𣿡
һЦǵ۾ôˣһ־ǿв̫˰ɣҪǻ㣬ǿ϶һ֡

ݺһȴҲûжʣ֪ȽҪһˡ
ڱʥ˽Ⲣ࣬ҲǶôҪܣһȥǳ鷳ǸߺݺĻûʲôϵ
ʥϢԺݺ˵һ飺УǱ廹壬ǻ壬ľ塢塢ЩܹʥϣЩǾ֮ǰھĽеģȻҲ֪ҪЩʲôá
ʥ
ݺһĸˣ۵жô죬ȻʥȫԼСУ
ȻҲпǰʵǿȲҲԼþ۵Ŀֲʵˡ
ʥҵһЩš
ݺɨһΧûʲôڹע˵˵йԴԴƺǺһйأȻڸ֮䲢Ѻãʱ򣬾˵嶼һģڵһ
ʱԴУһЩʥӵеǴʥȻ˺岻ЩʥҲܹһЩЩʥȴľǵԴ
һ˵֪ʥʲôˣȻֻһ־
ܹɲֻ壬һЩ壬ڻѾˣֻʣ֡
ݺ⡣
壬壻ľ塢壻塢壬ܹ壬ڱȽ壬彮ʼղвǸΪսҪڵʵһô彫뵽ΣС
ȻˣҵһܵĲ²⡣
۾Ժݺ˵ЩʥﶼǴԴгֵģҲ˵϶ǸԴһϵۣŲԱûȥ˼ҵʥȻûʲôʵãôЩʥΪǸԴˣ
ҲֻĴţǷģд
ݺ˵ͷȻҡҡͷȿ϶Ĳ²⣬Ȼֱʾ⴫ǲܹŵġ
ţô˵΢˵üĿˣ˵ʱûʲôã
˵ҡҡͷ˲˵ˣȰ˵
˵ǣЩʥҪܺԴ֮صԴϵһ𣬻õһЩϢڵ̫ңԶˡ
̤˴׵ľ磬ȥ鶼ԶԶ㹻ܹ̤ľ磡
ݺҲûжʣʥѰпվûʲôãϻһЩرΣա
˼ǰͷĵһϮ󣬰ڵ˶øӽ
ûãǱ͵Ϯ±Եľף˧꺫ޣڻѹָһЩʶ
ôˡ
ǺЩԺģܿͷӦΪڻԵǰһ̣ͷ׳͵ϮⲢԱ̹
һԼѾȫˣͬʱеö˵ҩҲɡ
ۿԼǳһŻսϣ֪ӦǻԼȴõ˵ҩ
ȻڲԹ޻ֻЩϧǿö̫ż˵ҩûˣ
ֻҪһöˣöȥ
ţܣ˶ѸǰУҲ֪ЩЦЦѾͷˣǺǣ̫ˣȻ͵ϮҺޣ͵Ϯ³ֻ·һˣ
⻰˵ģܽΪһ
ȣһϮı岻ͷͷ
һԵĻ侲˵Σûֵܼ˶֣ͷѾٴʧСֵնŽͷٴճ
һ˵ǺһҪʵĸо
˰죬ʼվֻǸЦɣչͣȻǵ۾Сȥˣ
ⲻѧ
ɨһΧˣȴжһĨ壬ɼ˵ˡ
޵һ
ԭһֱƲҪݺע⣬ڿԼСһĴڡ
úôܽܵˣҪ֪Ǵ׾ǿߣֻǵ۾
ҪôһľĴǿߣһǵ۾ȲĻҲ̫һЩɣ
Ȼˣں޲ٴȥΪ֪Ļֻ˸ƲԼ
ԣֻܶ˵ͷЦԭˣСֵ֮ܲǰҿˣҺǸϣȥͬЭһ⻤񣡡
⺫ޣǺƣȻƷôǱ֮ǰ̫֮ҪöˣϾѾǴײεǿߣ㹻飬֪βԼõȥ
⻰ûʲôӦΪԷӡ⺫֮ǰ賰ҪǸӶԷǲŹˣ
֣Ǻ޸ðĶʹˣȴǲұֳΪΧ˶ӡѾȫĹˣԵʱ򣬷ܲ
ϺǹȥˣҲûиִʲôֻ֮жһҪֵıòС
ȻȴûһǿߣھȻ䵽һǵ۾ȥȣҪȥʵҪЦ


1201 ɭ֮
˼ǰ֮ķΧ֮ǰѾȫͬˡ
һʼʱ˶ͺݺǴ͵ĽɫΪεĻ𲻵ʲô̫á
ڣǶԺݺӡѾȫĹۣرѳͷжЩ˶ǳ
ģֻǣȻֱܹӽͷȫʱǵĻҲ޷ŵıȫġ
οȻǵ۾ʵӲĴͷͻϮ»ûܵ˺
һ漣ࡢغͺˣᷢǰҪ֪ɲֻǸǵ۾Сһﰡ
ԷȴͷĴף˫Ϊ⣬ȻҲܹԷƵʵǲס
ϵȷЩֲܹģֻǵ۾ΪСֵܣĳЩҲǱǿöˡ
üĿЦ˵
һһǵ۾ʱ򣬿ɴûײεĶֽСֵܾȻһճͷףɶ˶ԷͻϮʲôֶΣǷǳ˲ˡ
ˮɫ̷ŮӣҲǶǳ͡
˶Ǵ׾вǿߣܶ˿ɼոյıֵȷ𾪵ġ
غͺ棬׶Ƿǳͣľ꺫޵Ļס
Сֵܽȥһֱ˾޵ı֣ܹ϶ˣ
ۣ˸߳һЩһԵĺԽԽǲˬȴҲҷʲôϾűϮĵһսȷ˹ͣȴȫûʲôס
Ӳ˵ҪʲôףҲֻͷ壬˵֪˱Ĵڡ
˼ǰܿ뵽սǧﷶΧ֮У
СֵܣʱעռĵĲһκ쳣̱棡
ʱ˿̷ǳ裬ͺݺ˵ΪŵһϮͺݺȷӦ׼ġ
֪ͺݺô֪ģֻҪ֪ͺݺӵֱǶǿ̽㹻ˣ
죬Ҫʲôȱǿν죬ֻҪܹÿһλԱسȻЩسúͿˡ
ͺݺ̽ǿôξ׵ѡ
ողˣεĿռĲڵλеԶڰ֮⡣
˵
и̫õϢǣĿռĲͬʱ˰˴Σֱǲͬķ򣬰֮⣡ÿһοռĲ֮ǰͷĻ鷳ˡ
ݺҲɫһڸոգþƿصطͬʱ׽ΧĿռĲȻǳأƾƿطǱĸоˣ
ǿռĲǳ΢бֵĻԲĿռĲģοǰ˴ռĲСΪģڰİ˸
ɼڿѾΧˣҶԷпԶԶߵĴ
ôģս׼Էпֳܳʮͷ壬˷ΧˣǱ֣ȡһͻƣ
˵˶ܵһ޵ĺʼԣΧ¶ȶһӽ
廹δ֣ǿĺϢѾϮ˵ǰÿ˶ÿʼʱ׼֣һҰΧڳκαټǾͻặȻ֣
ޱߺƶ˾Ӱȴʼûг֣ΧջգһƬޣ˼ǰֻкԽԽŨԷƺ̽ʲô
ѵΪ֮ǰȡ˱ʥӦûܣϾʥֵʱǳ̵̣Ϣֻнߵ߲ܸܵõͷ壬Ѿȫˡ߼˵ʱܻԱߵģûκαֵܹסԱʥջ󣡡
в˼пܵյóۣԷЩ³ֵı϶úĳ󷨣
޶ԵǰɵĻ⺮֣ô˵ڵˡ
²˵˵ʱ쵶Ⱥɢͨ似ģȫʩչΧĺɢҪЩͣǸڣأ棡֣ʩչɭ֮ط
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غͺ˶ɫһ䣬û뵽ôʩչɭ֮ˡ
ɭ֮һطֻоǺӵһЩܹطض£ʩչɭ֮Ч൱õģڣ
ķԸ֮ûκԥֱʩչһǶ˵صǿط˲һɹɭȻϢɢȻ۳һڵľ޴
ʩչһط۳ľȻһԣ
ۿغͺʩչطɭ֮ʱǰһطƺԽغͺһòƷǳӰ
ܵ㲻֪ɡ
һԵĺݺЦҵΪǿߵԺɭ֮ǾǺУ干ִͬƵһǿططصǿ໥ںϣ
ν໥ںϣÿطޣͿʩչɭ֮طʱѡԷںϣȻγɸǿɭڿںϣĸںϡɰǧںϣ
ںɭ֮ǳֲģرսϣǧ۾Աںϵɭ֮񾳽ǿ߶ܹˣɼһطǿƣطΨһȱ㣬̫Щܹ໥ںϵĻطѰط
źݺĽͣڸطɭ֮֮Ȼǿںϵط档
Уغͺں˸Եɭ֮ŵҲǵУͬ߶ʩչɭ֮ط˵ɭ֮طںһ𣬹һԼ޴ɭ
һԾ޴ɭոճֱ֣ӻӶΧޱߺ˲ɢȥҽųԶһ˳ȥЯޱɭȻƣ˲ᴩһգ
ֻ˲䣬һԾ޴ɭ֮˰֮⣬м˲ɭ޵Ϣ
Ҳ;յ꣬Ȼͷʬ֣Ȼںϵɭ֮ɱˣ޷


1202 ׻Ѫ
ɭ֮ʵ˳һֻˣԭͼʶǺӸɭ֮ˣڲûбһ
ϾȻطֶΣĻǺڶĻ޵ˣ
̲סȵ
ʵȻ
ݺһҡҡͷ˵ɭ֮ȻںϵԽ࣬ԽǿʵϣԽںϽ˵Խޡһʩչʮʩչر𣬵ʮ˺ͰȣҲôˣҪǰ˺ǧȣֻһǧϣںϸ˵ҲǺԣпޡ
ô˵ɭ֮ǿǧˡ
ԻȻ򣬵˵ͷ
һǧ˵ʱٶҲ̫ɭ֮طȻȴҲܹġ
ء͵ʩչǿɭ֮ǰ˲ɨȥüͷʬֱӳյС
⼸ͷҲǴ׾ǿڣɭ֮ĺɨ£ȴûֵܹסֱӱն˷顣
ģ˵Ĺƣ
ͨһɭ֮Ѿ֪ԼΧѾǿߴڣһ跨ǽ
ΨһģΪǿŶֻ׼ʲô䷢
ľ˧꺫ڣд׼ϺݺʱһʩչǿɱУֱӳԶϮȥ
ɫһ˲Խʮľ룬еЩǿϡ
ϧǣء͵˵ɭ֮ȣʩչֶβûܹԱʲô̫Ĵ
ϾЩ뻹ǱȽңԶģ뿪⣬˵ĹѾԲʲôЧˣοŵɭ֮ѾЩǿ߶һЩ
˵һƣȻû̫ɱȴҲٱص״̬ը˳ԳյУһѩ׵飬ǰ
һɫȫǴףһ򣬾ͳʮͷɼΧѾ鲼Χűǿߡ
ôǿͬʱɼεͻ֮Ƕôڱصã
ȫСˣ׼ͻΧ
ɫһΧȻô࣬ʮͷʱ֪ѪҲҪһͻ֮ˡ
ΪսսϣͱƴݱƺһЩؼԵԴᣬȫȡһ˫ս۵ʤ
һͻ֮Ĺ;һս۵ʤ˭
˵ˣǰܹǲʮͷױԸǣδҲ̫ˡ
س˵
˶֪ǲܽıȫˣΪԷʵ̫ˣȻոɭ֮һͷɭ֮ʵе󣬶ʱڣǲٴʩչǿȵɭ֮ˡ
ҪԷ𣬻ǲܵ飬ܹģҲֻʣȡӶԷΧѣͻ֮͵ǰȥˡ
ڣͻ֮ڵУҪľǱ࣬ͻ֮ͳȥ
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˶ҪΧȦʶһʱ䶼ʩչǿ似һٶ˲˼£Ȼٶ޷ãȴҪóһֶȥΧȦ
޾ı֮ٴδΧ£ȻѾͷ屻ɵʣЩȻԺ׵Ľ˶һ򾡡
˸ʩչǿֶΣͨһʩչҪǷͨҪЩ⣬ףֱһ䱬ȫɢ˲佫ԼΧһƬ磡
ľ˧꺫ޣʱȻǹ˲˳ˣѾһľޱ壬һȻ֦Ҷӿȥγһľϱڣ޾ʱͷ
ʮǿ߸ʩչǿֶΣҴѾ仯˱壬ſЩȦ⡣
Ȧǳͻ֮ĵ࣬ԼݺǴ׵ˣһѸǰС
ӣûԮĻǿһ˶޷ˡ
Ҳȥæ
ݺ˵һȻֱȡһѪɫ䵶Ѫɫ䵶֮˸׹⣬Ȼ׻˫Եǿսǰòŵõ޾ƷսΪ׻Ѫ
һɺѪɫ˫չֲɭȻϢ˲ӣһ̾ȻǹΧЩײεǿߣ
ɱ
ݺûκԥֱɱΧѪɫ׵ȻϮͬһǣ˲գն˾ͷף
޾ƷսںݺʩչԶԶҪ߶ѪʥͼϿʥȪ֮Ҫöˣ
֮䣬ͷױѪɫ˲նɱֱ̬ӱն˺üΣұ׹ͻʴѪɫӣմȾѳɺüı֮

ݺ¶һֱ֣ΧЩǿ߶Ŀ࿴ȻѪĹ£¶ǿƵһ档
Ȼλ׵ľ磬ЩĴףѾܹһɱͷ׾ǿ˵顣
Ҫ˵˲ɱͷ˾ҪɱһͷΪЩӦһͷһͷַѽͬʱɱݺԾǿƵǻ
ţݺٶȴƺǼŭЩףΧʮͷ׵ľۼ£¶Ȳ½ԽԽ࣬Ҫնסƣ
ǱľԱⷨˣ
˴࿴˶ԷʩչʲôֶΣʱһԱⷨǱڲ൱һһʩչٴ඼⣬˵ڶԷԶԶǣ
ǲڶԸǵʱ̫ʧҪǼϵһͷףܹѾʮͷжУǰ಻סˣԱⷨʩչȻķһЩΪȴҲܹڲ£ȫɱڴˡ
ɫøʱ˿̣ʮͷףûκѵĿˣҪ˵ˣһԴİΧȦѿȥ
ľԱⷨúܿ죬Էһ¶ģǾͿ϶̫࿼ǵʱ䡣
ӰΧȦ֮⣬ѸӹԱⷨĺ֮֮նױסеһﶼ뵽˾ֹ״̬У
׵ıûĵĻףԷıǻԵģʱ˿̣ȱԻ׼˹ƣԱⷨӵǰ


1203 Ա
ڱ˵ˣΪͻ໥ų⣬һһ̶ϻԱпá
ԣ׾ͳЩֵĵһĿ꣬Աⷨ˲ӵ˻׵ǰһӽû
ˣϮһ֮ǲֵܵסԷôʩչľԱⷨ
ۿŻױΧ޼ͬʱ֣˵֮ȻҪ»ףҪȻȻһֵˡ
֣һ˿ƿԱⷨϣһһǵϣã
ְɣڤӣ
һ޴׻ûΪһͷɫſһڤӣȻں˰ӰĺͿսĵǿ似Ȼ޾似ȴѾﵽ̫żƷĲΣǳ޾似֮⣬ǿֶΣ
ڤ˱սĺͰӰĵϢֱΧɢȥΧĺ˲ɢһȥ
ԼȻҲԴУھԱⷨϮͬʱֱȫ⣬޾Ļͬɽһ㣬ӻ׵һԻ籡ΧԱⷨĺɢ
֮ǽԷʩչľԱⷨĵһƵֵסȴʤ
ΪⲨƣȫֻǾԱⷨĵһƶѣԱⷨһɣ乥Ʊ޾ͣϢֱΧ֮ڵһȫױ
׻Ѫ
һߣݺҲܵ˾ԱⷨϮƾе޾Ʒս׻ѪѪɫӲĽԱⷨϮһĻ˿ȥ
Ҳǲ
ءĺ棬˱Աһ𣬹ͬԿžԱⷨȻžԱⷨԽԽǿƣһһԽԽǿļϮԽԽֲס
ԱⷨȻſʼ岨ҵĹƣڵˣͶѾֲסˡ
ΨվǱȦУʱûʲôΣգΪȴҲǰﲻʲôæ
ԱⷨһһǿƣȥǱɣ
ˮɫ̷ĺŮӺҧأüţ˵ĻȫʵڳҲʶˡ
ֻǣȻʶһ㣬Ҳʲô취Աⷨ󣬱Ǳɱ֮һսϣһв֪ɱ˶ٱĶ֣ս
οڶԷǶ࣬κη˶ûκοܻȥˡ
˭ʲôֶûУٲʹĻԺҲûʩչˣ
侲ŭϾȫǴ׾ǿߣ˭кüѹ׵ֶεģڲóڵãԼȡء
ôһȴҲΧ˶ʶһ㣬ʲôɱ֮ᱩ¶ôƴһƴҪڲƴԺҲûлˣ˶Щ۵ľԱⷨУ
һʱ䣬ȫƻȻǣݺڣʱȫҲ˽ˡ
ӳģǶļ̫Ʒļ̫ƷĹâϢ˲ȫ
ͳһ̫Ʒһֽɫ̫һֱҫգ˲佫Χļɢɾ
ţֽɫ̫Ϊģ˫һչһ۳ʮɫЩɫÿһޱȿֲƻԭֳʵȣҪʮ
ÿһöɫɳȻھԱⷨһըܽǲ־ԱⷨըһȱнɫĻ治ϳΧӣʳŸľԱⷨĹɲ֡

뿴ʱŵˣ׻һЩ룬ͨƿأǸܵ˶Է˲䱬Ŀֲ
Ĳ˵ƻⷽ棬ÿһöɫ൱ʩչϢ۵ͨǧϣ
ǴףǿĴʵΣʱ̣Ǻٻʩչ˵ɱﵣڣҪٲʩչɱ»Ķ
һ׵ҲȻʩչɱﵣƿԷʮͷֲµľԱⷨ
һƿĿԻС
ΪˣҲ̾ͳʩչ˸ԵɱﵣҪƴһƴһƴڲƴӾȫԱⷨɵˡ
һʩչɱﵣô˵ҲӻԱⷨû˵ʱ䣬һ𹥻ĻпƿģȻϣãҲҪԡ
˻֮⣬һ̫ƷĻࡢغͺ档
ӾǺӶǿĴףս˵оǰеģ˾Ȼʩչ̫ƷͿԷˡ
׳ȡһ̫൶ǻһͷɫļ̫൶ԼΧܿһֲγɣ⼲Уŵ޾ļ絶УÿһѼ絶У˲佫ǿնĭӣ
Ҫ֪Ȼǵ۾ĲΣǿȣȴǴﵽλףλ׵ˮ׼
ƾһУ˲նɱڸĴڣɼ̫Ʒʩչһеֲ֮
Ȼ̫Ʒ
ţԴ׾ǿֶһ̵ӡǰҲûô׸֮жôԽĲ࣬ڣȴ֪׻̫ˡ
Ҫ׶սĻڰӵɱ֣Ҳ˺ԷһëԷȴֻҪһУܹҷ
ȻΨһܹڴǰˣһˣģҲֻаӰ֮黯̬ˣڻ޵ʱκι޷Ӱ죬ǶԷȽӰ֮黯ɵ޿ռ顣
Ӱ֮黯޿ռ䣬̶̳ȿǱҪǿʮ֮࣬Ҫһ˲佫޿ռҲֻڵ̫൶ļ絶õˣѰĴֶΣһƵ޿ռ䡣
ҲΪʲô֮ǰͷ׵Ĺ¾Ȼܹԭ򡭡
̫ӡ
һߣĽüĿأһֱ̧ٻһö̫ӡͬҲһ̫ƷҲѾѵ˺ܶȵԸĽ̫ҪǿĶöˡ
̫ӡ֣˽͵Գ֣˲䳯ΧԱⷨϮȥļȫɢ
ֺ̫䣡
һԵĺŮӺ棬ȡһöֺ̫䣬̫ͬƷһֱ۳һƬӿȵĲˣΧԱⷨĺĸߡ


1204 ǿ
סࡢغͺ˸ȡ̫Ʒƾ̫ƷǰδеĿֲ̫Ʒѵֶʩչʮͷ׹ͬ۵ľԱⷨƿ˺ü
ȻԷ۳ľԱⷨƿЩֻռ˲ʮ֮һķΧľԱⷨѾڳٹһӣͻὫ˶ûȥ
ǿļ̫ƷûܽԷľԱⷨƵԱⷨ󣬲Ǳǿ֮һսңûԭġ
ľ˧꺫ޣʱ˿̽ҧأ£ƾʵͰﲻʲôæˣΪӵ̫ƷֻǸѰĴްˣҪȻҲһʼͱͷ͵Ϯ⣬ûȥ
֪ԼΪֻĿű˷ӣǾȫʩչľĵȻⲻɢȥֵžԱⷨӡ
ȻĵֵЧ΢΢վܹ΢ӻһ¾Աⷨٶȣ˵ıȡһʱ䡣
û취ˡ
⻹ףʱҲɫһǱŲ˽ڿٲ˽ȥΨ·һˣʱԼɱﵲʲô壿
һ̣ҲʩչԼֶ
һˣȻһͷɫޣ˲仯壬ɫϯȥžԱⷨķը죡
ɫȻǼΪ˫ǰӰԺ͹ԵĽģԱѰĵ
ǹԵģɫǰӰԣ˫ȻȻֻԴģʾģҲͲôˡ
ɼɫͷɫ޵ɱﵣ˲ʩչ˲ЧֲƻһϮȫɫԱⷨϣȻԱⷨɣ
һȻû취Աⷨ󳹵ȴܹΪ˻Աⷨõ
󡭡ɷ
һ׾ޣһͷɫǱ壬һſھȻɫ׹⣬ʩչһǿһƷɷ
ģһһǿ󣬸˵ʩչһƷˣ
ƷԨԽսսΪصѰĶ֣˵ʩչһƷˡ
һƷɷɲʲô˶ܹ򵽵ģʲô˶лģܹҲдԵĴڣ
һƷ˵̺һѧᣬҲ޷ڸˣΪһƷ֮ƺ̺һ˿ġ
һƷ󣬶ڲٴǿ˵ܹǿ񾳽;֮һҪɾ񾳽ǿߣȱһɣһһƷ֮һ߸ĳЩ
ͷɫޱɷΪһһƷǿߵΪɫ׹³ֱ˴ĵ
κһɫ׹⣬֮ǰɵľԱܹⷨЩȫֱӻһ˿һĺۼɫ׹ⲻϳΧɢԱⷨűΣ
ģ
Чˣ
ء˶ʱϲǶû뵽ȻǶǱǿߣܹһƷɫޣʵҪǿڳκһ˰
Ҫ˵ù磡
ȴɫأԷǲʮǿߣǽԱֻⷨٶǰˡһвɣ϶취ʮһӵϣǾԵֵסģܹǵмǵĻֻʧܣ
仰ֱ˺תֵ˹ȵס
˵ȷԱˣҲһܹӶԷôǿߵİΧȦѳȥ
һеһУʤ㻹̫ã
رǣȥһĻֵʱ˼ֱ⵽˵ͷһ
ֻɫ޳֣һƷɷĿֲɫ׹ǾԱⷨƳʱͻȻԷӪУһͷױ˳
ͷĴ׺岻̫һȫͷȴֻʣǣбµһԶϵĽˡ
ȻͷȻһǣƣȴͻȻԽ׺ܶ࣬ɫ޳֮ʱͷҲԾ޾ڰ۳һ¡
һ³֣ʱΧնһƬֲϢȫ޺һƬֲļþУ
Ȼ˾֮嵽˵أʱ˿Ҳȫ޷ֵԷĻþΪԷʵʵ̫ǿˣ񾳽Ĵ֮⣬²ʲôܹԸͷֻʣǵıף
þ˲併٣ͷɫޣһʱҲ뵽УҪ֪Ҫãֻһ˲䣬Ҳ㹻öԷʩչ㹻ֶΣɱˡ
սǿȻɫһƷɷڱ嵱УȴҲ˼Ŀֲǿߣ
һ֣оһתһ˲תһֱӽն˼þ˶С
ս֣ƺʱ˽֡
ԶԷıǿߣʮ˼ûκη֮ҪԷĺĸױ⡣
ԽΣʱ򣬾ԽܹߵǱܣ仰Թ˵Ĳġ
ڼþ٣˶ȥʱ򣬺ݺϵϢ˲䱻ƵñּҪͻƵļ
ԭݺѾλ׾ǿޣҾ׾Ҳֻһ֮ңھô֮սһô࣬ڴһ㾳Խһƿ
Ʊǣ˳λ׺ʹ֮䣬ɲһģ
Ѫý磬ƴˣ
ʱ򣬺ݺȻСѪý֮ͨͨδָȴȻȻʩչһС
Ѫý磬ǰǺݺþǿͨȴ֪ĹЧ
Ѫý磬һֻþЧƳþԻþȥԸþѪýǿĹЧ
ʱ˿̣ͷױʩչǿþٻ£˼þУݺԷ̤뵽˴׾磬ҸոͻƱʩչѪý硣
лþͨƴ˲䱬һֲľΧϯȥ
ˣݺǱǿ߶ƴʱڴӼþȴǻ亹ȫǺ²ѣ


1205 Ѫ
þѪýĳͻȫӼþѳŷԭǺݺʱͻˣŰǽΧ
ǺݺĻ¶Էͷǿһ֣˾ͻᱻǼþסֻһʱĻ㱣ܹþԱⷨٴξۼ˶һ򾡡
ͻˣ̫ˡ
źݺͻƣϢλ˴׵ľ磬һӱǰǿ屶
һʵͻƣ
ںݺͻ֮ʲôı仯Ͳ֪ˣϾֻǵ۾׶ǣԼС綼ûأڴ׵͸֪ˡ
ЩûдﵽǸ֮ǰģ˸˵Ҳ㳹ͨ͸һ˵ΪȽϵ͵ߣȥ˽̫߲εľʲô仯
ֻҪ֪һͻƵλףܹԼСӵ֮㹻ˣ߲εĶ֪ҲһöûС
ҿ˴δѪһĹ
Ӽþѳֻһ˲ʱ䣬ҲǼΪ£Ϊ֪ҪǺݺ΢һ㣬ڳ˾ȫˣϾԷܹʮͷףЩ뼫þʧȥĻֻҪһ˲Էܽɾˡ
ʱľ˧꺫ޣŵһˣԺݺûôã֪ԼĿˣѪ幫ˣ
ҽȥͻƵ˴׾ĺݺܹӵĿֲսܷ񽫶Էʮͷ׶ѹס
һʣ֮жһڴֻҪԷӪУǿֻһͷıǿߣôݺѹסԷܹʮͷ׻пܵġ
Ҫ֪ݺλ׵ʱ򣬾ܹײεǿߣֻܣͻƵ˴׵ľ磬ѰĴ׸ͲĶˡ
ͷεǿޣѰı٣ڵĺݺ˵ֻͲ˰ˡ
ܷԿͷδ׾ıǿߣ͵ÿǼˡ
쵶˵֮Уҡء棬кԣǣǶδףѪ幫սԿɱȶδףҪһЩҪԸͷǿߣǲܵ顣
ֻ¶ԷӪлǱǿߡ
ݺʱҲ˵ɫΪء
⻰ĥδףδףƺͬǴ׵ľ磬ҲΪĲģδȻȶδҪǿһЩھǿ٣о׾Ϊ׶ΣҲѯʡ
˽ŵľ£Ҳڲϵ˼Լǲʲô취ܹ֣˼ķ򣬵ȻǹڰӰ֮鷽ġ
ޣڴǿǰΨһп̣ܵѾȫ޸޾Ʒսóû˿ôģϾ˫Ϊʵ̫ˡ
ȡԷһ滹ܹɵΨһпõľֻаӰ֮顣
õǣ˵ãûΣƾͻƵ׾ĺݺǿʵվǽ̬ıǿߵĹƸ赲
ûãѪ幫ʵǾȣʱˡ
һ޳һ
˵ֹۣȥЩ׻ʲôӦɡ
˵ϸ۲Χʮͷ׵Ķ
պþ仰֮󣬴ʮͷȺУ̾ͳͷǿĴڣ
ǰһͷ׵һϣһöǣһöţģöϣʱһ˺
Ǳ׳֣ĿȻǸոͻƵ׾ĺݺ
һͷվıǿߣǱϿûʲôص㣬ֻر޴󣬼һô
ͱ׳֣ٴϮ˳УնһҺС
֮ǰһͷԱĳǿͨɢƣȻͷδ׾ǿڣ
ˣıǿ߾Ȼͷ
ࡢغͺˣ˲ɫ䣬˶û뵽Ȼͷȫδ׵ΪڱţǽҪôѵѶٴʮֹ
Ҳɫһ䣬ȴԺݺű˸ģΪݺ̤뵽˴׵ľ磬սǳѰ׺ܶࡣ
ңݺ϶иǿɱûʹóпܵľ̫ƷˣݺĹϵͬһ㣬Ȼ֪ݺ̫ƷģȴҲûù̫Ʒ֪̫Ʒʲô
⵽Ǹزźݺ϶Ὣ̫Ʒʩչģʱͷδ׾ıƺҲ㲻ʲô
ȴδ飬ΪӸոһļսα׼Ϊ֣ǲκδߣͻ֮͵ǰߵĿԡ
ԣݺӵ̫ƷԷأ
̫Ʒɲֻר̫е֮Ϊɴ˵̫Ʒеκν䡣
ⷽ棬ܹʮˣڶѾó̫ƷôڱǱߣܹʮͷף֮жٻ̫Ʒ
ͬϣȥݺͬʱδ׾ıǿߣ̫ƷĻѾǲܵˡ
Ǳһŭ𣬼ת˲ͬһ⽣źݺڵնɱľȻն׶סг˺֮⣬һ˲䱻
ͱαȻһСɽһСӲĳűǱױסĺݺѹҪƾݺѹɷ飡
Ѫ
ݺΧձǱױ⣬ȴûԴУһ̴˲չ˰˵
ѪɫΪѪһıԴһܹʹе̫Ʒ
Ѫһ־ʹһŨɱ¾ϢΧɢȥ˲۳ѪˣѪɫľͬ޺˳ϮǱ׵ıֶγȥ
ͷѹľͱףǱѪ۳һѪϵס޴ֱͣ˺ݺͷüɿ⣬Ҳ޷½֡
Ѫ幫Ÿո̤뵽׵ľ磬һδףȫʵȻܶԿͷδ׾ıǿߣ
ڳ˼һĻ޲𾪣ȻΪڶ̫ƷԵʣܹԽսԲѰܹӵйģӵ̫ƷҲһ
£Ѿ̫Ʒѵ൱ߵĲˡ


1206 ˲
˰ԷЩڣʱ˿̶ڲ²ݺ̫Ʒѵ˵ڼˡ
ڣҲ֪ݺܹﵽʲô̶ȡ
֮ǰ˵̫ƷԴﵽʮΣֻҪﵽѵ㣬̫Ʒܴﵽ޾Ʒĳ̶ȡ
ݺҲӵһ޾ƷսģҲǰ׻ѪȻսõȴ̫ƷѪ޾Ʒս׻Ѫ
ԣںݺ˵϶Ѫ׻ѪǿһЩҪȻʱҲͷż̫Ʒˡ
ݺ϶Ѿ̫Ʒѵ˵ϣھǵ˵ڼ㣬Ͳ֪ˣϣֵܹסͷδ׵Ϲưɡ
˶н
ѪѪɱ¾ϢͷǱ˲ƷɿȥȻݺֻһδ׵Ϊȴƾ̫ƷδΪĳǱˡ
ţͷǱȴڷŭǿ֮ǰֻҪѹסݺȴû뵽ݺ˹ơ
ʱŭȫ˲䱬ɢϵö˲䱬һֲĺһɲǴ͸գһ̱ںݺԶ
̫Ʒ
ڳ˰͵ڣʱȫһȻȻӵв̫ƷʮͷǿߵУ϶Ÿ̫Ʒ
ͷǱʩչֲڱϽݺƸѹסûκݺѪ˲⣡
ͷǱ׵̫ƷϵıǣҾҲǽѵ˵ϵĳ̶ȣʱ򷴶ѹס˺ݺѪ
һߣݺѪ⣬ԭѪɫϵֵסͷͱף˲ʧȥ谭ֱӳűסĺݺѹ
Сģ
̲סʵ̫Σˣ벻ԭռһƵĺݺֻΪԷ̫ƷһӾͼֲסӡ
ȴֻվԭأûеʲôΪȷڵĺݺս֮ҪΪݺġ
ȻͬϣǾͱ׳ѹʱ򣬺ݺѪ˲ųһѪɫĹâһâ֣Ѫɱ¾Ϣ㽫Χı˲
Ѫ̫Ʒѱ
Ѫ˲Ƭգһ̻һĨޱĵ⣬Ƴͷͱ׼նϣ
һĻȫǾͱû뵽ģԭΪݺѾͬ⣬ͿɵĽݺ⳹׻
ȴû뵽ݺոȴⱻסģΪľǽûоĵ±
ѪɫţȣͱȫѪɫ֮Уɺ֮ɫմȾȫɱȻ
ɱȻʱ̣ͷͱ׷ӦΪѸ٣䱳ֱӸֳһöȻ̫Ʒ⺮ֱ֣ϯһ󺮱ĵ۳һ󼫺籩ݺѪ̫ƷĹԿ
ͱվ̫Сݺˣݺ̫ƷѪʱ˿̵ľѳ̶ȣȫֻеѣ
ǲѪɫһĨӰεѪߣһĨѪ߲ڰеɱУѪɫһӱ뵽˾ͱ׵̫ƷС
һ̣Ѫ̺֮Ŀֲױɢ޾ɱ¾ƻʴ˾ͱ׵ľ嵱УƻһһѺۣ
һشǺݺʩչģ̫ƷѪ߲ѵĿֲֶΣڵѵѪɫŵ֮У˷ʤ˲УǾԼǿľͱףʱҲ˲Уȫѿ˷϶Һ塣
ЩҺ嵱УЯͷͱ׵һͬڵѪҺʣڱ˵ЩҺάı룬ʧĻʱ
һشõ϶¶ϲɫ
һ̣֮ǰ̬ıȴʱȻˣһֺ´֮ͬǰþеһֺһױȵļϢźݺʴ˽ȥ
ݺһͷͱ׸ɵԷڶ࣬붯֣̬ܵı͵Ϯȫ֣һҪ뵽þС
飡
ݺ߳һѪɫ˫ѪܹĶԳһչĳ̶ȣѪɫ˫ѪߣЯ֮ƳΧи
̫ƷѪһ̻ѪɫޣѪӰ׷ףۺʶ֪̽⵽ˣΪѪɫ޵ٶʵ̫ˡ
Ѫ˲㣬ɱ
ݺ˫Ŀͨ죬ʱƴˣɲո̤ϴ׵ľΣҪ֤Լܹȥ
ױѵ̫ƷѪӿȶĥӰѪɫһӲѾ˺۵ľͱϣȻѪɫͬʱһӽǾͱľ޴иƬ
Ѫ֮£Ǿͱ׵飬ѪһɫΪͷͱ׵
һͷǿδ׾ĳǿߣһӵ̫ƷıףȻսбݺһնɱ
ݺʱ˿̿Ƕͷ׵Ĺܽͷͱ׸ɵݺȫѾ鲼Ķ𽥶
Ȼ˲ѵ̫Ʒͱ׻ɱȴҲԷóѣԷʵʵı˲㺮С
˲ѣѾļ𣿡
ࡢءˣȫ⡱һ£ںݺڴʵûа취ٸˡ
Ϊ̫Ʒľѣ֪ѣ˲ѵĿֲѾ˼ʶˣúݺܹԽؾ磬Խɱһͷδ׵ıǿߣ
ǣ˲ѵ̫ƷѾǳټҪﵽŲѣԺݺڵ͸Ͳܡ
Ŀ຺ӵ࣬Ҳ̫Ʒѵ˵ˣҪڰ˲ѾңңڣҪ˵ھŲ㡣
˶ڴݺܹѵھŲĳ̶ȣ̫ƷѪȻϾ̤ϴ׵ľ磬ɾһδףͶԷǿʵЩǿƾ߲ξѵ̫ƷɱԷһѾǳˣĻͲʵˡ
Ҳʱ֪Լʲôˡ
ӳƷóһ£Ѿû취ȥỤʲôˡǱԾȣΨһİ취ǻ͵Щͻ֮ˣ
ֱ˵ԣԵɫص˵


1207 ֻն
ⷬһ˵ɫʱһ䡣
Ǳλ͵Ʒͻ֮
ϸ룬Ҳȷһ취ˣͻ֮ԱкǿĿã൱һֻԵսκ˶ܹãϳ̶ԽߵߣԽܹӳͻ֮
ǻ׶ͻ֮ԱвԱڵĺݺҪϲ٣ټϣܹôǿߣȫͻ֮ĻʵԻһ󵵴Ρ
һ仰ͻ֮ǻпԷʮͷһսֻҪԷУƳǱסǿû̫ûκˡ
ǡ
ҲǶͻ֮ϾȫǶˣͻ֮ҲǻУֱɱвźá
ЦһֻǣսŵĻЩԱû취͵ĶȡģὫԸˣһֱӲԹ涨˭Ҳû취ƳҳʱѾˣװͻ֮öָǴǿӡģû취ƿ
ǰҪܶûƷĻͶЩͻ֮ˣֻϧС
һԵĻҲεЦЦҲɣΪݺͷ׶ԿǿڳԽԱⷨ
ڵĻף͵ࡢء棬ƾ̫ƷȥֵԱⷨӣʱֵܹסٹһʱ¾ͻܲˡ
⣬ɫҲڲʩչһƷɷԼɫ޲϶úɫģڶԿԱⷨӵĹҲ˾صá
ڳˣûôˣľ˧꺫ڣԱߴ͵ĽɫȻ޵ҲǴףࡢݺ˵ʵǲ˲ٵģرԿʮͷǿߵ£ʾ޵׵Ĳࡣ
ࡢء桢ɫǺͻЩȽǿƵĴڣǵܶԸѰıײ⡣
񺫺ģͬʱԸѾˣֻܹǿ޷սʤ֣һδ׺Ͷδ׵Ĳ࣬Ȼ̫Ʒĵȵȷ档
ֻǣȻ΢СǻǱ뾡ȫΪֵԱⷨӸһΨڳУԵ£Ϊеӡ
ǰҪԿܴܲöָ
˵Ļüͷһ˵
иƲģһͻ֮ζԿս۵Ĺؼսŵ˲ܶԱķӦԤ⡣
ԣսŵ֪ʮͷ׳һͻ֮ôֻôлͣ
п϶ģ
˵ôҪսʣܽ͵ģսŵǿųԱм廤ͣʮ;潫ͻ֮͵ǰߡ
Ĳ²⣬ΪһôȷţԼʮ˶սŶԣֻǰųעնˡ
ȻֻնĴͻ֮ͲܱţѾȻͨսǰߣ
뵽ҪһؼǣսĽͻ֮ǻͣôԲ߱ôõսû˹֧Ԯ
˵еͨѶȫǿ߸ˣ£սһԲ²⵽ǳһЩġ
óĲ²⣬ôȥӦͺˡ
Ļ֮󣬵ཫŽɣȡ˳֮ǰսŽĴָȷŵʱʱⴢָǴڷӡģ޷򿪣ǣⴢָȡ֮ȴķ֣ⴢָϵķӡȻѾڲ֪֮ʧˣ
ô£
ಢܹεľԲʲô޴ˣֻ΢һ£뵽֮ǰ뵽ôණ
ȻսǽСֶӵǿߵնĴͻ֮ͨ͵սǰȥˡ
ཫԼ̽뵽ǴָУоȻʮͻ֮ϲͬʱҲȫսŵ뷨
ȻսȻЩ˵նȴҲԲϣǰװģԻǸ׼ʮͻܹ֮ӵжԿǿߵʵ
ָ֮ǰķӡ϶ʱӡʱǷӡֱʧȻܹȡеͻ֮
ͻֻܹ֮ʮţרžΪ˵Щ׼ģһָеʮͻ֮ͨһйؼģͻ֮϶ͱط˰ɣ
ȻˣǾͲҪˣֵǣЩȫɵɣ
û˷κʱ䣬ֱӽָеͻַ֮˳һһţζھͨĵĻףԼһ˻ĵĴޣ෢һš
ܹʮˣͻ֮һʼ׼ʮţţþͨĵʹܹǿǵʵ
Ȼˡ
Ҳõһöͻ֮ȻûʲôãʤޣҪǹؼΣʱҲܹһֵֵ׵ֶΡ
ȻΪȽϵͣͻ֮߱ǿĻ߶ûӳɣ䱾Ͳףֵ±׵ĹƾԲġ
Ҳ֤еĲ²⣬˹ȻֻսŲóǿߵնȥսţΪսŵĸ߲㣬һľһӶĴͻ֮ɹǰߡ
ƣ
׵õͻ֮ȫûκͣЪֱӳ˺ݺλͷϵĺ±ֲĹơ
ͻ֮צӸץţ޾Ļбϻĵİ˼ϣٴαŴ˲١
ԭҪԸͷ׻Щѵģڵõͻֱ֮ӱܹͶԷԿɽԷĺ¸ѹס˶Է
Ҳһÿ˵õһöͻֱ֮ӾͳΧı׷ҵĹնʱĳ֣ϢԽԽϢԽԽǿʢ
ԱⷨΧϱɢȥƻԽԽأͷױͻ֮ɱ֮Աⷨڳױ
ͷǿıףǱ񡢵ࡢغͺסݺҲܿӱ֮Ȼ˵ȴ˴ţҲõһöͻ֮ͣļ˶Աķ


1208 ڵа
ںݺ˵Ȼδͻϵ̫ߵĲΣôҲϵ˵弶ĲΡ
Ѿ̤˴׵磬ǿ󣬴߶ͻ֮ס
ûͻ֮֮ǰĺݺԶһͷδףƴǿɱԷһͷڵõͻ֮ݺЩǰֱɱһ㡣
׺ͳǴڱΧԺݺûмǵսˣǷɵطϴ߶ͻ֮е֡
˳Ԥϵǣͷδ֮⣬һȺʮͷоȻвٶδײεǿߣȻȲͷδףʤ̫డ
Ȼݺһǣնɱ˶ԷͷףԷǺܶ࣬ƽݺƽÿҪԸͷס
ݺûʲôѹ˿ɾͲͬˣȻͻ֮İæҲֻǿֵסԷĹƣ޷ʲôսơ
Թؼںݺ⼸ǿս棬ͿǼܲٶȽԷǿ߻ȻܹʼȥԮˣ֮ǰ˶ֻǿԱйסˡ
ⳡսδǰ೤ʱ䡣
Ȼ˵õͻ֮ʱս־ͿʼתЩҲǴȻҲв²һЩʲô
ǺҲͿˣһСģСӣȫǸնģʵͻ֮ͲЩϡ
ȻˣǻҪϻٹ𣿸û尡
һΪ˽սŵľ֮зЩҲһҲܵ˱߲ųȻҪͻ֮ǽɱ⡣
ЩѾףǴ˴ҴĿ꣬ζˣȻˣΪʲôҪðΣأ
뷨֮ⳡսҲûбҪˡ
׺ͳǱףͷδΪǿȳˣǵҪͷͱʬ壬Ͼһ̫ƷԸ
ࡢغͺ֣ͻ֮еĻͬɽ㱬ֱӽһﵲס
ҪǱ̫ʱ䣬Щ߶߲ˣҪ֪ǱȽϿĽΧԷܵϮðźܴȷգۿƲΪҲŵġ
ۿû취߾ͱ׵ʬ壬׺ͳǱ̾תˣûһ˿һͲᣬͬʱҲֱ׷ǿߣԼĿռȻ߶ռҪ뿪Ƭա
ʹˮ˭ϲģľĺΪۣԷ˵ʱ򣬺ֳͻ֮һͷת뿪ıײϱҪͷɵ
ϧǱ׾ڹһһ麮ܣȻͻ֮²ڻվûбĹ͸
ܿ죬һȺ׳״ǰʧԷһҪ˵£ࡢݺҲû취սɱıˡ
ȻˣҪǲܣ֪үү
޻ţ֮ǰԼͷ͵Ϯ±ԣ˹ͶЩ˳ޣұԱûκεĺøС
Сһۣս⺫޸ûʲô顭
ȻҲԼΪⳡսʲôΨһľһµ࣬鿴һö͵ĴָҪӡ֤һԼĲ²⡣
ʵ㲻ѣһ϶ҲԼ鿴ˣϾҪǵ˾ʱֻһ˿ϣ˷
ǵʱݺնɱ˾ͱףȴ׸⣬Ҫ˶ͻ֮Ļݺ»ǻΣա
̫ƷѪİ˲ѣȻ𾪣ݺϾ̤뵽ףֻһһףʵû취ͬʱԿôǿߣҪЩǿҲӵкǿֶΣ̫ƷͬӵС
ǵҲûܽʣЩ׸ɵκһͷɼЩ׵ʵΪǿ
ҲƾŸոյõͻ֮ʱ⧲ɵͷӺݺƴɵһͷͱס
ҪԷȥûصĻʤ治˵أϾ˫Ҫ㣬ͻ֮޷ֲĲࡣ
ڣЩڵаˣ˵ⴭϢƬ̣˼һ½ȥж
ôûʲô󰭰ɣ
Էֱ֮ҵ˺ݺ˺ݺ߹еʵ
㿴µ𣿡
ݺӣһڣģҸ̤˴׵ľ磬õúأǶһѪý֮ͨͨ΢仵һ㡣
ڳ׻ָ֮ǰԺܲѪýͲҪˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ʱ˵ô࣬ҲѪý磬˶ԷļþʱԤϣҪһˣǲ鷳ˡ
ݺ̾˿˵
⻰˵ĵҲûںݺ˵ҲûѡʩչļþǼΪǿĻþֶΣȫûսƿΨжѪýˡ
Ҫʱһ˵Ļ֮ȫͬĶŽ׶ξͻ뼫ƺͱն
Ͼսʼ֮һֱһڶԿԱⷨɢӣҪһˣп赲ס˵ԻجΡ
ûˣӦˣȻõʮöͻֻ֮նһûǳɹˡ
˵ͷԺݺ˵ţȻúϢ
˾ۼһ𣬿ʼȥж
˼һ˵ȱȻˣͲ鷳Ҳֻ֪ųһնˣܶնʲô뷨
ΣǵӦˣǵĿȷôͻ֮ƽսǰߣȻֻնҲǣƵã棬ӦѾǽͻ֮͵ĿĵزŶԡȻڵаˣǾ;ϵսǰȥȷһ°ɡ
ⷬõһͬȥûʲô˵ģȥսŻرȷһҪģȻȫϣһͻܹ֮쵽սǰߣܹ콫ıŸˡ
жһ˶ûһøлһˡ
˵һһԵЦЦؼʱ̻СֵңҪ鿴һöָСֵñǶҪ찡
ǶսһţȻֻܶදˡ
ЦһЦ⻰Ǻеǫ顣


1209 ս
֮ܶͺݺĵһΣѾȥˣҰƲ⣬岢Ƿڶιƣǵ˵һˡ
ҪģֻҵսǰϵĻؾˣ˵սǰߵĻλò̶ǵƶŵģҪҵҲǺѣϾսǰߵĻʵ̫ˡ
ֿƶʽĻأսݣ弫Ϊ޴ΧضСͽİΧγһռطΧƶȺ
սҪһ̶ıʵ̫ˣΪһ̶һطô־ֱܹκʱпܷΣԼߣ
ǿƶսǾͲһˣԷ͵ϮʵǵֵסͿԲˣĳЩεĵطڿ彮Ĵ󷽽Ϣ޶ȵıս
ڷʱҲԽʡܶʱ䣬óսǿӵһڻرݣǰսʱ򽫻кܴơ
壬塢塢ȵ壬ҲƶսݵƽսϣսݾǻԽһսݼΧıΪһλ
壬սߵǺӣܹʮսݣֱػڲͬķϣÿһսݶһɼֲս
򵥵˵һսݼΧıսܹȼһ񾳽ĳǿߣ
ֿƶսݣܹڹؼʱսݵ֣ͻż᲻ɴݵķߣڵսϿߣҪսݣ֣彮֮⡣
սݣڶԿ֣ڵǺӵһߣսڵֵŻĽ
һЩ꣬ǺӵĳͻҪǺͱͻ˫֮ĳͻҺñͻ֮໥ҲǳУԷûһ壬ҪȻĻ»ñȽ⣬ҪסԷĽҪ̫ʧ
ƽʱʱսݾͿ赲סԱ߻ˣսǷɢڵǺӸĸ䣬ȫλػ彮İȫ֤κǿ߻뵽彮ȥ
żǿ쵽彮ڲҲʲô̫вֻǻᱻԷ̽ȥһЩ鱨
˵Ŀ꣬ҪѰսݣӶĴͻ֮ǷѾ͵ǰߣȷˣôǵҲԲɣͬʱĴҲ͵ͷˡ
΢һ£;ǰ
սݵϢǳۻ룬ѰĴǿߣһ￪Ͷܹ΢ܵģ⵱ȻҲᱩ¶սݵϢרҪصĻսǿԲһϢķģֻƽʱսʱûҪηΪ˷ѺܶⲻҪ
ս֮УΣȻ²岻ǷڶϮ˻ǰеʱǳС
ͺݺһע⵽ľ˧꺫Ȼڹ۲Լ
СӣҲ֪ˣƷǲ
һûʲô취ҡͷԺݺпԷôԼڵĶѣҲ̫ˡ
ǺҪʲô飬вȫĻݺ϶Ӳܣڵĺݺɲ֮ǰ仰˵ûͻ֮ǰĺݺͺ޶ԿҲ˶Է
ԣ£Ǻ޶ǹʲôвҲȥˣֻĳЩȽΣյ£⺫޻һŶʱը
ǰҲٱǶѣΣʱȴԸԼСˣöˣҲôºͷϡ
˴ʱݺȸܵǰһ˿ϢϾǴ׵Ϊһ˵صطʶ֪׶Ҫǿ١
սӦÿ쵽ˣսݾһϢԴʮ֮⣬ڶһطǿ˺üʶ֪սλúܿʮ￪⣬Ѿܽˡ
ݺԼķָ˵һ¡
Ҳ˵ͷʮľ룬ÿռĽ˲ƶĻֻҪһʱܸϵˣȫ
ҪսϴΣգһԿռĴͳȥֵʱΧһΧǿɾͱˡ
Ϊ׵İ취ֱӷɹȥȻ໨ʱ䣬ȫȴǵõıϣο÷ɵҲʮľ룬ʱҲͿԷɵˡ
ҪѾ뵽սݵĸ֪ΧڣȫԻ˵ǲõˡ
ܹܵսݵϢôսǱߣ϶ͽ۵ף߳ʲôǿߣսݷһʱǲǿ߽֧Ԯ
սݸһﷶΧڣԽκսеǿߣ͵Χκһطǿ֧ԮֶΣսݷصĻʩֿ֧ԮֶΣֻҪرĵз֣սݼǲݵġ
սݸ֪Χ֮ڣ˵İȫҲѾõϡ
˼ǰֱ뵽սݵķ䷶Χʱǰһߣֻǵ۾εģܹʮˣһÿϢǼΪѪȣȻΪҵɱ¾սϾѪǿߣ
Ȼֻе۾ΣʶĸܵͶԷһһĻпܵΣգΪԷɱŨңսΨһĿľҪɱˣսȫƺս鼫Ϊḻ
սųԱҲףһɳֻҪ̤۾εУܹΪսŵơ
ܿ죬һʮ۾޾ǰȻ˸񣬶˻ǱȽϹġ
ӭλսѲݣǵ֣ݣ˵Ŀģ
ȻԵȴǿߣЩ۾޶Ǻܾ£ǹ¹죬ȻѯһЩĶ
ȻԷҲ֪һСͻ֮ܵĻǱȽϸġ
սŹӶ࣬Ե壬νܻսѲݵݽ
ֱԷ档
սѲݣǰһսݵ֣˻δսݣϾһ￪ĵطսֲųâȻǲۼֻʶ̽̽⵽սѲݵĴڡ
š
ǵ۾ѲСӵСӳ˵
Խ˵ȻСӳ¼һ£ǽɣڻûбעɣµı仯ȵڵ˵ɣרԱΪǴġ
ûбעɣµı仯
Էⷬ鶼Щ̫ˣΪֱܹ˭뵽µı仯


1210 
սѲݳǰʱ̲סһ£սѲ˵ֻһսݣȴѪǶҪϺüȻһŴĴС
ʣսݽҪ֮Դ˵СȹȻСȡһؼǣСдĽȵȣһ뿪С絽磬òȶ
ԣսѲľսݣ϶еϲܹܽܵסսΧڵһһսսۡ
ֻѰʵĻսݿѾٻ˲֪ٴˣΪսѲݡսݣѾ˳ʮʱ䣬սݵжǱȽϡϡˣѰսݣһ㾭ʮʱ𣬱Ͼ̫սսбƻ̫أܶ಻޸˺ջԼʮʱͳױˡ
սѲݣڵǺͳϽʮսݵУһսݣʮʱ䣬˲֪˵ǺӷΧߵľ֧ҲΪ
սѲ鴫˵ڵǺѾ˰꣬ǵһμеսѲݣ
޼ΰ׳۵սѲ֮ʱҲһп
˵ǶǴΪεǿߣǸԵСУ϶űսѲݸӺΰ׳۵Ľ磬ҪսѲȻѶȿɱСнڱֹ
ҲΪˣ彮ΧҲʮսݣҪսݽܼ򵥵Ļ彮ʮֹˡ
ȻҪսݶףɲ㶯һЩѰϽһݾ˵ģսݵУĸַЩ󲻹սƽеĻս֮ʱĺģ
ڱѪǻսѲϣʹڴССǧֲͬܵķ̽ⷽģмģйģзģпռ䴫˲ƷģӦоУҪһսݵĻԱ븶ʮڷսĴۣпܽһսݹơ
ߣսݱ幥ƣҲҪսݱԷɻԸԼΪһսȷᱻ׹ƣôͷԱ
ţսѲԱ϶ȾĻҪǿʢ֪ٱʱռսѲݵһܲȫữΪеĳ
ŵˣͺݺҲһ뵽սѲڲͨսѲݱϵһ󣬴͵˱ڲһ׼ѯһ
սѲڲܣݵˣ඼ϳѪɱ¾Ϣÿһڵˣɱ֪壬ȻУŻиսϣû취ˡ
˷˵Ҳ٣ޣҲٲޣϾ˫ˣʷѾã˫Ŭάݽ˹ϵԶڶԷǿߵԼиֲĴʩ
Ϊ˵죬ǰѯˣͺݺ˾ںеȴϢ
ܿ쵶˹
̫սŷԭܹɳ岨նֻһЩע
ɨһˣ˳˵岨նɹ˱Ĵ󲿶ӣһ֮⣬ĸСѾȫûˣ
ʲô
һϢʱȫ𾪣ȻΪԼŶеңûʵˣԭܹ岨նɳֻһʮ˻ȫţ
⼸˵ǲ˼ˣ鲻ԽĽĿͶ˺ݺ
ʣ;αϮһͷǿߣһֱΧʲôİ취˳ĻʱͻǶеĳЩ˱ɱ
µǣǰɵͷףֱͺʮͷ׻ϵĻôڿһ˶ܻսѲˡ
ĸն龹ȻȫûͿ֪αǳ£ÿһ߶нʮͷ׳ֵĻôΪжܹͳ˳ͷǿߣ
Ѿ൱ǺеĴǿˣҪ֪ЩɶǴǿߣѰؾ
֮ǰͺݺһԿİ塢ĴУĴȫһҲûôĴףÿƽҲʮѡ
Ƕ˵ΪǴͻ֮ǰߣȻǲ˳ȫ߶뵽彮ߵսðգ
սɳնȻĸȫûĸƴô׵ĻǱʧҲ١
Ȼʧٺȫûκιϵ
Ȼˣͻ֮ʲôطû͵ǰ𣿡
ĽüĿأüͷԵʵ
ûе͹ϵһˣϸ˵
ҡҡͷȻ˵
ܿ죬˵ô£ԭնС֮⣬ʹͻ֮ĹȻսŹӶԿˣ
ˣ彮һ֯彮彮жкǿ彮ڵĸǺҪϣֲ֯ȵȡ
ʣҲǵһˡ
ˣˣ
̲סֲ֯пбΪҩڼңƺǾ֯Ǻ磬֮жзֲ
ǸΪص֯ڵߣֻ֪˳ĵҩһָģȴûô˵ĳԱ˳ԱƳĵҩһгϣǿŵ۵ģ
ǴӾĽеõһ˳Աĵҩҵڶû꣬˵ҩǴǿСкеõģһло۵ĸأϾǾ۵ץסһ˵ĳԱǿھĽΪƵҩ
˾Ͳһˡ
Ҫ鲼壬֮ǰһԱǾʱ׻ʡ
ʱؾлʾεʱ׻ʶԿֶԷ̫֮ǷǳϤǿȼֲȵʱҪǿϲ١
ǿʾ֮׻ʾʧˣһֱǾᣬϾӶԷϴһ¹Լ׵Ϣء


1211 ̫֮Դ
ӵˡ֮֯󣬾ʶ׻ʣԼһֱûҵĸ죬ʱЩ¶
ȻҲöԴ̫Ϊ֯ʵ̫ˣβμӻͻ֮Ŀ˳Աϣܼ׻ʵĿҲ̫ˡ
ڿ˵˸ոձͷסǱȽΣյģսŵĴ;ȫǰߵıסܻԮսѲݺ͸һսڶѾԮ񡣡
˵֮ǰ˵ģôֱӹȥȡʮսŹѫĻǰԮ˵ˣȵͻ֮͵ǰʮսŹѫĽ
һȫɫһϲսŸǵѡʵǲΣգֱӾͿȡ֮ǰĽԸȥͻ֮Ǵͻ֮սѲڵǰߣôǵĽᷭ
ʵǸǳ˵ʮսѫѾԶһܶԴˣ˵Ϊ˵õͻƣ
˵Щˣڲǵ۾Ϊڽʱ˵ˣʹҲֻܵõǧսŹѫҲһ㣬ʵ̫ЩؼڣȻȽϵͣԴرǴ֮ȴ˵ͣ
ôȥ𣿡
ֱӲͷźݺһ䡣
ݺЦһȥ̫ԲԼˣǷʮѫҿɲκȥԿ˽ԮΣԷ֮ǰҪСö࣬ȥײȥ
˵ĲҲμӣڸλٸֱɣμӵľĿȥȡˣǾʹ˱
຺ӵ໷ܣص˵
Ҳμӡ
غͺ浱ȻǺ͵վͬһߵģμӣ˾ûɲμӣԾǺӣǺиǳŽᣬرڽȽϺõ£ǲܶ
Ҳμӡ
Ҳ˵ͷܿ˾˵̤ƿҪΪķսо֮䳢ͻƣ
Ի׵ΪʮսѫҪΪͻԼΪƿ̤뵽ߵ統ȥ
ǡ
һߣɫǺͺɫͷҲվ˳ҪμӽȥԮ޵ҲǲǿߣٱһδҪǿ١
кɫպɫ˫ʾҲ˶ˣһǶȫգͨ似ֶܹӳΪֲ֮ǰСڶϮʱ򣬺ɫ޶ŶĹҲǼġ
ɫǣһһƷɷٻɫ׵֣һƷͨ񾳽ԿףɼǶôǿֶΡ
˵ÿһһƷ߶̤뵽񾳽磬Ҫ̤񾳽磬һƷֶȴǱزٵģΪʵϾǶĵգһƷܹ֮߶Ըյ۷壬Ȼ̤񾳽硣
ۿŶеǿȫѡľ˧꺫ޱҲվ˳ҲμκԮжϾԮˣ˵ҪʲôͿԵõֶΪ
һδҲǷ׷׵ͷͺݺڵʮ˾Ȼûһѡ˳ġ
ãȻǾֱСʽ֮ǰйϣֵĻԸҲȽϵӦ֡
ûһ˳¶˴Цݣ浣˳̫ർԮѶ󣬵ڿĵǶˡ
˶൱Ȼð£˵ǱѾгڻһͻ֮ԮԽԽаǿ϶ġ
ȥԮ֮ܿǰЩףǱ׺ףǳ֮󲻿ֱ뿪⸽ӦյϢȥԸˡ
ݺһ˼²˵
ͷʮȽϤϣܹǸɵĿҲͣҪǵÿˡ
һһδ׵˵ͷ˵ĿҪںݺࡢ׼ϡ
ֱӵĸоƺľĺ޺ܲڣ˧겢ûж˵ʲôϾݺ˱ǿǲʵҲûãҲ޷ȥı˵Ŀ
Ҫ֪ԼˣԺݺǹмӣκβ֮ǰǸӣ޸ı䣬ΪƲߣ׺Ʋһ
ȴúа¶ģֻҪһлᣬ϶ҪֳԼǿЩ˿޵ֶΣ
Ҫǣ֮ǰԸ׵սԼսƺҪϵһ¥ﵽߵ˫磬һսͻᵮʶ߶Ҳʮ
˫սϵ߲Σܹӳսе޾似ʩչĻǾ˵ġ
ڳ֮Ҳûкսϵ˫ĲΣеƷվ̫ˣ취ĻԺÿ»ԽԽ΢΢
һһֱϣϧҪսƷȴô׵ģҪȻĻϾͲЩƷʵսˡ
պݺŮ˵ģҪеƷʣҪ㣬һҪҵһΪ̫֮ԴϣڶҪһ׵ʦæС
ʦǲģͷڣһеƷӦòѣؼ̫֮ԴϵѼʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵õĻ̫֮ԴκһطΪ̫֮ıԴ򵥵˵̫֮ǰ
̫֮Դڵʱǳ̣ʲôطҲܿתΪ̫ΪˣҪõ̫֮ԴѶʵ̫ˡ
˵ϼߣԼõսһƷʣܹõ̫֮Դʵ΢΢彮ڣһʱڶΣ˵ǿʵ˵ҪпܵõΪѵĵط񾳽ǿߣҪõ̫֮ԴҲô򵥵顣

˾ҪԮ֮󣬱ܿ쿪ʼ׼ڳ֮ǰսѲݵĽгвһЩͻ֮
ͻ֮սרĶֻҪƷκһеˮƽʦܹƳҽսС
ͬƳͻ֮Ч˵ȫͬģڽг򵽵ͻ֮Ʒͱ֮ǰõս׼ҪԶˡ


1212 Ԯж
ͻ֮˵ԵߣʻǺսƣʦƳսһֹߣֻдޣ޷սս
սͻ֮ԵߵŵҲǺԵģǾƳɱ൱ʡһ̫żսҪĵĲϣܹƳʮöƷʵͻ֮
һöͻ֮˲䱬Բ̫żսϵ˫֮ĳ̶ȣֶ֪ڹؼʱܹ̾ŤתսֵĶ
ֻϧͻ֮ԵߵƷΨսŲյ侫ܹƳƷʵͻ֮
Щʦ˵ҲܹƳͻ֮Ƴͻ֮ξҪϺܶˣҲսŹٷƳʮ֮һ
ȻʤޣЩͻ֮۸ҲԵԼǮܹͣʮöͻ֮ÿ˶ֵܹöٿǿԱֵʱһϵս
֮ǰӻ͵Ʒָȡʮöͻ֮˻ǵڶ׵ʱѾȫĸɾˣǼȻҪ·ȻҪ׼һЩġ
⣬ˮɫ̷ŮӺǮսѲݵĽڹһǽƷ൱֮ߣδ׵ıǿߵʱҲֵܹԷܳһʱ䣬һ޶ϱ˴еİȫ
׼֮˱ڵ³ȡԮ˵ĺͨսѲеĴ󣬺ܹܿ͵˵սص㸽
ȥǱ߶Сĵ㣬˵УԷȻͿ϶һЩŵɱﵣһΣգעԼİȫҿɲȻ
ɫصĶ˵
ոսѲд̽һԭǰǿǰ̵ĽսκδϢʱ
شӲԶصԣȻ˵ս˵ȴսݿ˸սݵҪսסˣû취ȥԮˣԲֻܹЩսŹӶˡ
ôڱҰĲСԲܹǵóκһļƻ
˵ͷ˵⻰֮󣬱󣬴һ˳ȥ
һ׹۾ԼͺݺٴγһƬһ޼ʵڵյС
֮ǰͬǣһոƬУ͸ܵƬɱѪȵϢԶĳ򣬲ǿɢĸܵ
˺ͱܹİٶǿߵսӦþǰˣλСӾһж޶ȱԼȫ֪𣿡
صķԸ˵
¹˵ȻҶ˵ʲôһͷӦİٶսĻսŵĻôĶ֪ʵﵽδ׵ĺݺ쵶ˣûһŶһĻսҲֻ·һ
Ҫ֪İٶǿߣѾ൱ڰʮ۷ʵˣ
ֹģսͽ֣嶼ٻᷢģ϶αĺأҪݵսȡһЩơ
Ҫƾ˹彮϶ǲܵģֻһƣ˵ҲĪĹ衣
߰ɣ
ŵһ£볯սڴǰ
񣬲ֻ֮ǰ˻ͻ֮СܹȡҪĻս²˹æˡ
ֻҪսӶʸμԮ˵񣬱Ͼϵⳡսݵʤ
Ե浶ˣһʮ˳սɹȥʱҲΧУϵĳһЩǿߣͬͨƬսУſ˵˼սٶȸϹȥ
ЩǿߣÿһؾĴڣҴǴףۼģͶʮףǰǰսڴȥ
սŹӶٰǰ߱Ĵ󲿶ӣѹ̫󣬺󷽾ͽսŵĹӶ⵹ȻǸķӡ
ţܿһ˾Ѿ˴ǿսıԵԶԶѾǰһƬոסˣΧвɢȻһѾȫʩչľԱⷨ
ԱⷨУǿߺͿ˵ǿ߶սԼɼȴޱߺԵʲܿУʶ֪Ҳܵһ̶ȵΡ
ô죿óȻԱ򣬿ǳ
ȫû뵽һȻѾñĴǿ߰ѾԱⷨ󶼹˳
£ЩԮҪʹͱٰٱΪԱⷨһΧͿƵķֻҪ뵽ǸвڱܵԱⷨʴ
ԱⷨʴҪٶȼͱĿЧֲܹھԴˣ
³˲Ѫħ֮ط֮⣬취ܹȫԱⷨеĺʴˡ
⣬ھԱ֮ⷨУ˭Ҳ֪˵ս״Σһ˵˴ھƵĻô˴ԱⷨҲֻ˵Ͳˡ
ҲóȻȥðա
׳˵Ҳ˵Ĺͬ뷨ʮ֮⣬֧ԮսŹӶʱ˿Ҳ˾ԱⷨΧռ˼Χļ޲ߡ
ؼԱ֮ⷨʱ򣬸ܲг˺֮˵ԱⷨЧɣܰʲôϢ˰ɣ
ͷʲôϢûУ˲ȥǲǷʲô⣬пܿ˵ĴǿѾȫûҲ˵
Ҫһ𴳽ȥ
ľ˧꺫̽Ե
ܡ
ɫ޿һΧ˵ǰ֧Ԯ˵սŹӶܶ࣬ԶŸԵȦӺϵҪôȫԻܴìܣĲ˵˭췢ʩһܴ⡣
ԣҪӶĿԲߣҪЧҲ϶õȥҾھԱⷨΧĹӶȫǿҲʮôˣ̵˾ԱⷨڲҲֻȫûһˡ
ɶսǹԮȻоԱⷨڣôԮ
ԶʼвսŹӶʼƽΪһЩ磬ڽӵرѵ񣬻ƽ


1213 ʱ
ʮǰԮսŹӶ˾Ա֮ⷨ⣬ҳŷڸһʲôΣա
˶һĪչݺҲûʲôģӵоǿʵҪȻӲԱֻⷨ·һ
鷳ˣԮѶ֮ߣȻսŹѫûôðΪ֮Ҳֻоˡ
˵ҲԵ˵ͷû˻ԸȥðյģΪһСľͻḶ
ʧҲ۳ѫӴķͻ֮û͵ǰߣҲӪʲôƣû취콫ȥˣǰϻǴھƵġ
οҪֵסĻ巽϶ǲսĴ󲿾ӡ
˶ھԱ֮ⷨȴԼĪ˰ʱʱ䣬ΧԮսŹӶѾﵽһˣڲӣֻǾԱⷨȴû˿ļ
ڷ֮еķΧڣûиܵԵһһӰ
ҲʱھԱⷨһϣͻȻһ䣬ֻ޾ĺı棬ͻȻһҫ۵Ľ⣬ӾԱⷨڲ
ȻϸСâȴһԮӶעҪ֪һƬǺģͻȻ֣һϸСĽ⣬Ҳܹڳǿ߶ע⵽ˡ
ǵ֮Աⷨƺǳһ©Ϣһӱһ룬˵Ȼļ£ȴѾû֮ǰֽͻĸоˡ
ҪǣǵⱬĵطȻһͨͨƺһֱͨԱⷨڲ
Խȥˡ
̾жϣ۾кܿ˼һ
ⱬԾԱⷨƻôǵԲǱʩչģҵҲδ˵ܹ˺֮ġ
һǵضǴӾԱⷨڲɿ˵ǿʩչҴһͨԮܹͨͨ뵽Աⷨڲ
ǵóĽۣǵǳǿʢԱⷨƿһ֮ԱⷨϢûٶȻƺǱǵѹסˡ
Ȼˣôǵ⿪ٳͨ룬ʮ֮˾Ƿǳȫģ
ڳô֮Уܹжϵȴ࣬˻ǶھɲųУ²ǵ⾿ʲô
ʱ򣬵Ѿ˳ǵⱬķ˹ȥͬʱɹȥĻԮСӣԮСӼʮˣģ߲࣬д׵Ƚ٣ÿԮСֻ߸λס
Ͼ߽սʱָֻдײܹܵģСӺܹôǿá
ֵעǣԮСӵĶӳʵǷǳǿǿƶԲȺݺ
Ȼ˼ûʲôãӵйͬĵˣǾֵ帽Ҫͻ֮ٶǿߣ
СӣȷӦֱӳǵⱬɵͨ
ݺءˣȻӵĺԼҲжϳͨǿͬеģҪԮҲֻͨͨС
춯ȴȽͨģΪڿҪӽʱ򣬵˶һٶȡ
£ǲҪǰΪã׷⡣
һеĹʶǱٶȣһСӵнˣȻŸڶԷ̤ͬ뵽ͨ
֮ǺͨΪͨھԱⷨбٳģΧ˷ȫǽӽĺ
ʱ˿̣ͨȴ˽⣬ǵӾԱⷨڲһͨȻûɢǲͨΧϣֹ˾Աⷨںϣ
ӣͨҲ̫ˣȻԱⷨǼǿ߹ͬģҪס̸ף
üĿҡҡͷ̾˿
仰˵ȷǷͨΧɢ±ס˵ʱάֻ֣Ҫٹһʱ䣬ͨͻȻ
ڽ̸ͨܵԾԱⷨѹȣռȫ޷ãͨСӣҪѾǲˡ
ֻܼǰˣһΣգ̶ͻ֮мǣ
һˣǰͷǰǸĺ󷽣ͨžԱⷨڲȥ
ʱ˿̣ԱⷨѾɣΪһ֮أΪˣĵطʱضпԱ׵͵Ϯ
ȻԱⷨҪǰѣڱ˵Աⷨȴǵϳһжͬˮһ㡣
Ըո̤뵽֮ͨУ˾Ͷ׾뵽ʱ׼ս״̬¡
˳ͨԱⷨڲǰʱ˵ɻҲԽԽΪ˴ǾȻûмκһͷ壬Ҳûмκһ˵ߣ
Աⷨ˾ȥˣ
ҼǵøտʼʱӿǸϵʱȴֻʣôһԱⷨ󡭡ѵǳʲôˣ
в²⣬ǵոճǵ⽫Աⷨƣ֪ⷨп϶п˵˵ġ
ΣֻҪͨߵͷӦþ֪ôˣ
˲ǰʱ󷽵ͨڿʼ˱ܹ߸Сӳʱ뵽˾ԱⷨУʮˣǰԮһ롣
ʣµһ룬Ѿʧȥ˽ԱⷨڲĻᣬҲûǵĽˡ
ȻվǵĽǶѡҲϾ뵽δ֪ľԱⷨڲΣʵеȻǵָͷĸʻǷǳ
ԼʵûʲôĵСӣȻԥԥҽֱ̮ͨʧȥᡣ
ʱ̤ͨǸСӣѾߵͨľͷǰһĳ
͵Ҳͷʱȫ۾ǰĻ棬Щš
ô£Ȼһʱ
֪ʱȫ
ֻĿ֮ͨͷȻһʵУвתţ̺޾Ŀռ·һ̤оͻᱻ뵽յС
ʱ
Щ죬û˵ʲô


1214 ׺֮
ݺԣü֪֪ʱʲô
ҲϾʱɲѰܹõĶ˵ս츳ܲվΪ̫ͣܶණûмҲ
ݺɫصĶ͵ʱһ̫еĶʱӡǴ͵ԭЩƣʻЩͬ
ݺȥĽܣ֪ʱʲôˡ
ԭʱʱӡǵĻϣ̫еӶһԽʱյͨӹˣ
һּΪݵֶͨΣֻʱҪĵʵ̫ӴˣӴȻǺݺεߣȫûпܹʱһһǧݺ޷ʱ
ȻʱĹһ׮ܸӵ飬ݺԭǺܶȻǲܹˣ˵ʱҪ㼶ؼǲԭǾζܳɹˡ
ԭǸԶĴš
ӺݺĻеõһʶ⴫ҪҪ൱Ĵۡ
պݺ˵ԭǾ񾳽ǿߣ޷һ˽ʱġ
Ȼˣطֵʱ͵ǰԮ˵ǷǳΣյĶˣ徹ȻôھԱⷨйһʱͼıĶ϶٣
Ϊֹǽͻ֮͵ǰߵĻûҪʱʱǱһƻ
˵
˺ͨͷʱڵߣɫǱüΪأΪʱζʱпбĳǿط٣
˶֪ʱ϶ͨ˱ܼĳʱһˣıǿߣ
һʱпǿ˵ǿϹģһԱ֮ء
һСӵδǿص˵ţȻĲ²⣬Լ̫²⣬Ͼ²ʵĿʵ̫Сˡ
ܹٶףƾٶףҪһʱѶȼ˵ǲܵģٶ֮дһ
񾳽ĳǿô׼ģ
˴˴εĻͶĻôôܱס񾳽ǿߣһǲ׳ֵģشսۣϵͷչʱ
£ʱпɱǿ߹ʱյ㣬û֪
ȥ𣿡
ʱǰ˶ʼԥд˶ʧȥ
˭Ҳ֪ʱȥ֮󣬻᲻Ĵ󲿶ӣԼͶԷɵȥĻһ嶼ûеġ
˵ߴ뵽ԱⷨеΣϵһĻôʱ֮УΣϵǳʮģ
Ҳ˵ʱ֮ǵʽή͵ӽĳ̶ȣ
þһݽȥҪежٺʲˡ
ˣȥҲ̫ԲԼˣУ˷Ȼ֪ʲôıƣΣҪֹǲУ
ǰͷǸСӵδ׶ӳعͷɨڳʮһۣӢµ˵ǲǶսǰп˵λǰǺܿҪѾˣԸƴһƴģ׺ʱɣ˷ƻĳƻ׺˽λĽλ׺𣿡
Ȼ׺
һԷⷬȫˣڣʱЩĿɿڴ
۾Գǡ׺δףȻʱʼݣԭ˿㣬ʵȴһϹӣȫ¶һɫƼΪǿ
׺˭
Ժݺһ䡣
û뵽Ȼһʼûϳ
ݺϴЩϲɫ˵׺ʵѾδ׵ľ磬ѾǿĴˣȻǿߡƴʦ۷׻һЩ࣬ѾұѪҪǿһ֮ǰžǱĸɵˣԶԱſ̹ĵĳޡ
δס˻û㣬ܹΪٸ׶Σ
Щƣ˳˶֪һ˻᲻֪˰ɣ
ܹ߶Σ߶δ֮Ͼ񾳽۷ˡ
ݺһۣЦ㵹ĺܴ󣬻̤ɣҲˣѪһ幫ϵˡ
𡭡
ˣЩૣĿ𣿻ǳԽľ磬ﵽһڻû˴ﵽľ磿
֪һֱĿ꣬ҲҪ̽ѰԴԼΪλᴩԽԭˣҪĿ꣬񾳽綼԰쵽ɡ
ҡҡͷû̫֮࣬ܶҪĻҪʱУȥ徿ڸЩʲôá
׺ڣǳɹºضڻ£ֻҪΣЩˡ
׺δ׵ľ磬Ѫ𣬹ؼʱ̿϶סģǵࡢغͺˣرΣصʱ򣬵˻᲻յʵȥ룬ƨ붼֪𰸵⡣
Ǿ͸Žȥɣ˺ҲģȻˣҲֻǰˣ˵Σ̫ߣɹҲԲʧܹһͻƵһصΪ
Ҫһʵ̫ˣʱһЩսпͻƶƿ׺ǰڣǵİȫܹһЩϵģ
Уܾʹ׺ǰǰ·ǺţʲôսǱضҪЩ峢ǿߵ
׺Ļ£𽥱ܿڳ˶ʾҪǰҲûа취飬ǰ֮⣬ľȺ˶뵽ʱǻһΣյģ˭Ҳ֪ھԱⷨǷбǿǱ
ʱ򣬻ǸŴ󲿶߱Ƚϰȫ˵˴õĻȫû׺ڣǸ˲ġ
׺֮ߣΪ磬Ϊر𽲾ֵԸúܶ׺ֶʮ־ġ
˵׺ǰڻɱĹУűȽϷḻľ飬Ҫһ£֪ԸĶֵܽɱ
ʱиȺд˲˵ע˵ڳ˶֪ԸǷʲôĿݵķҪҵİ취ɱɾ͸ӵӦˣ


1215 
Ȼ˶֪׺ǷлɱⷽȴĬĬҡҡͷΪ֪ԸʲôⷽҪȻĻǷֻ׺һ֪
Ҫ˵׺ʲô취ԸõĶԸ壬ȫΪľḻˣ±Ҷţ࣬˵ľ
κͬһöˣȻͻøãӹɵ飬׺ܷ˸õĶԸİ취̫
Ȼ׺Ϊ羴ģϾӺݺĿе֪׺ڱ˵˵ĸУѾɱǧͷߣͷؾǿ壡
ս˾֮飬ô˵һұѰִǳأѾɱô壬彮ڵһӢۣ
ǸλҪɱķλ֪Ŷԣûʲôݾλ϶ҪʧˣûС
Ȼͬ²һ㣬ȫ˸ɫâ׺˵Ҫɱ壬ֻ취һͻƵߵľ磬Ϊǿߣڶɱı壬ɡ˶֮⣬
⻰ò˶ʧˣȴûʧȥҪ̽ʱģϾ׺ǰȫԻǱȽбϵģ׺ǹϵĽǿߣԱ߶δ׵ǿڣ׺а취Կһġ
ԱⷨȴûκߣҲûκα壬ֻʱ¿˺ͱ嶼Ѿ̤ʱУǸϽ׷ȥȽϺãϣܰﵽ˵æ
׺˵仰ȴԼĶ鳯ʱ̤˽ȥܹʮˣܿͽǰʧˣⲽ߽˸̫ʵʱ֮У
ǵڵĶ飬ܹʮˣ׺̤֮ʱ
󷽲˼ɶʼ˽
㿴СӲǵ۾û뵽͸ֵطǳţ»
ǴˣֵطǴ׶ܱ֤ԼܴһΣգǵ۾ûκһͻᱻɡ
ҿҲǣԱŮӵǲЩϤӣǸѪǿߡ
ѪһĹ˷Ѫͳ˵Ǻӵģ벻񡭡ô˵ԱСӦþѪ˰ɣǺǣЦѪȻѡ˸ǵ۾ε嵱ԼˣЦ
в˽ͺݺ˳Դͺݺûô⣬ݺȻνô˵һʼȻѡʼѾЩĴ㡣
Ȼô˵ģվǻЩ뷨ٺͷŭΪûκôΨһľǱǿøǿ
˸ڵ˶м䣬ܿʱڸǰ׼̤Уʱ˿˵鶼ǳţΪ˭Ҳ֪ʱ֮ʲô
ʱ򣬺ݺͻȻʲô˵ˣ֮ǰǺҪǰеƷһڻᵹˣ
ˣʲô˼
ǰһæʵΨһϵ˫ΣʶսܹƷôǿԽҪսսҪȻĻʵп½̭
̫֮ԴˣΪʱ̫еɣȫǹᴩ̫еĿռ֮ͨǰ˵ʱУ;һЩ̫ɵĵر̫֮Դ֮һõĻ˵ܹõһЩȻҲǲֻѾôһܡ
ݺŶһ¡
Щϲˣ벻ʱлп̫֮ܳԴֻҪ̫֮Դôܹ̫֮ԴнƷϹżƷ̫żĲΣܹﵽ޾ĲΣ
һоܳΪǿֶ֮һֻˣеǰͼʶģԽмꡢ걬ռ䴩͸մԽȵǿֶΣ
мͻ걬ǻûʲôˣϾԵĶֶرǿģǿԲ˵ѱȡ
ռ䴩͸ǱϿʥȪ޾սȡЧרҵɱĶϿʥȪȻǲ˲ٵġ
մԽᣬȴȻڶʱᶯõǿֶΣ޾սôմԽ˲䴩ԽԶľ룬Ҵ͸ǿ֮ͨ½ûʲôռܹס
ᣬ֮۶ɵǿֶΣ޾еĻ䱬ľ϶ܳԽϢģѾ൱ܷųǿˡ
ȻҪеƷ޾ѶȻ൱ģҪ̫֮ԴҲһ㣬Ҫһʦ˵ҲƳ޾ƷսҪе޾Ʒûôס
ˣôҲûãȵõ̫֮Դ˵ɣֻҪ̫֮Դ½޾ƷҲǺܲġ
ţδ룬źݺž̤뵽ʱС
һ޾Ʒսȫ޸ûжùλһѪʥͼͶϿʥȪ޾Ʒս϶ǲģҲҪսֶˡ
ܽ޾ƷĻһؼ䵮ʶС飬սʶսȳԶ

ʱʵ̫йɣһ޿ռеͨпռȫûйУû֪κһʱж೤Ϊʱ˵ûСȡ
ձĿǣʱֻ֮һƬҵĿռ䣬ͨҵĿռŴеλӶгԶͨС
ҪͨʱҲǼ򵥵飬ȶʱҲвɢݳ̫Ծ߽иţҵʱĳڡ
ͺݺˣ̤뵽ʱ֮󣬺ܿǰһһͷ׵յУȥŵºΧͷȫʵ̫һУԶתš
һ׺СӣڲԶȺ
ʱ˶ˣȻп߶Ͼռ൱ңÿ˶Ҫߣ˳Ļ͸Һúøţ
׺ȵ
ط˶ЦΪһСĶĽԼ׺ͺϣΧ߶Եͷĺ
ʱ׺һǵ۾Сӣ׺оʮ־ȣ벻ײǵ۾СôôΣյĵط


1216 ս
׺עӣԵ൱ݣͲԷƱ֮ˣǶԼųֵţǿ׺Ŀ⣬Ҳ˿еȡ
΢΢Цţ׺΢˵ͷʺʾ⣬һĻ׺Щȣ벻Сô󵨡
ǶԼŰɣܸһģӦЩ֮Ŷԡ
׺ûϳݺڵǺõĵ˻ǱȽϤģԵ˵ӡһֱ㲻ڵҲûôȥˡ
ѾоսĵطҪϹȥ𣿡
ݺʱ߶ƿغ̽ͨܿĿ͵һ䡣
ȲøϹȥ֪ǱǴ˶Ҫ񰡣
һЦȻҡҡͷ˵ƾ⼸ˣҪǳȥ϶ԷͲ˵ģǵСӶ֮󣬸׺һжɡ
š
ݺԵҲ˵ͷ
µ༵׺ֳԷ˫սŹӶĳԱҲȻġ
ûúݺʧǴ׺һȷ̬ȣˣ죬ǽ̫ǰ³
ڣľ˧꺫ޣҲЩʼɵӣ˾עܻ̫ˣп⺫ľͳĸӵܣֻϧʵãΪҲϲҪǼڵǺӵĻ½ȥ᲻ô˳
õûôСۣȻڳԸ׺ҲûʲôΪԷͱǿ׺ʲô飡
ݺԵవЩͣȻͺͶϲǲһģֻǿ⵶ȽϿװˡ
оǵսϢȴȥɡ
ʱ׺Сеδǿߣ˺ݺǰںݺŵĻΪȺϲá
Ҫ֪׺δ׵ľ磬ûܹ֪ʱʲôطսȴһһδ׵СŮ޸оˣ⵱Ȼ׺еԾ
ۻĻ׺ΪδףԱһδ׵ĺݺҪǿʮڸ֪棬ȴѾȺݺѷһˡ
⵱ȻΪݺ˵ؾطƿأҲڸ̽ط
طͨȣҪٵģ˭̽ͨƿȫͳ
ȻݺŰѾƿأĸ֪ѾԽ˾׾ǿߡ
طƺӰ쵽һʵսҪأΪ˴׾֮ҪΪǳѣĳطͿĳֱ˦˺ü֣
ƿصþͲ˵ˣܹ֮߾ͿֶΣڶԸĳЩֵʱЧҲȥĻᣬħ֮ľ͸˵ˣǷΪʤҪɱﵡ
һ¾۴õطÿһֶضãĳЩطǼΪģĲ˵ľƿأͺݺ֮ˣҲġ
ԼΪȥƾطΪܹչһԲѪɼطҪԡ
δ׷ֱ˺ݺǰ׺СӳԱƺ˫ֻ̥ޣζкܼͣòǱȽ϶صġ
ɣܵҲһȵСȥɡ
ݺ˵˵ͷȻһ̧֣֮۽뵽СУȻʹ׺СеޣŸ֪սѸٷȥ
ʱڴȴϣϰһжĻ϶ҪȫٵģݺޱͷӣҪǳ顣
Ѫ幫ɣȻѾ̤֮ϲɺء
һޣƺϳ˺ݺΪп˵
ϵң
ݺЩ֡
ǰֵѪǺӸʱһЩѣѪѳܽԶѪ壬ǻЩ˽⡣
һ΢΢һЦ˵Щ񣬵ãû취ı䡣
ֵ˵ѪǶˣΣգΪµǣֻǡСǣ
޶ƺΪ⡣
ˣȻ粻ôս츳Ǳȴǲġ
ݺЦЦ˵ԷȻǱѪʩô˵Ҳˣϵݺȥ˼᲻˵ʲôԷĻ
¾Ȼ˸굱£ӱв֮Һڴˡ
޵ûʲô֮ı飬ǹЦţȷʵǶڴӣϾǶѪв˽⣬ںݺԸҲ֪һСʲô֮ô¾ǿ۵ġ
лĻӦûģ˵
ݺЦ˵ĶԺ˵ľʵǿͬΪоһĴڡ
֮ǰԸĴţֱӽԪ鶼նɱĻ棬úݺȻ£ŵýĶ̫ӶҹΪܱܵ
ս츳Ǳɴ˿ɼһߣ⻹еǱݺѾˣĳͨǳԴ׾ǿ׷ɱһ֡
ڱݺ뵽СУȻ֪ڽ̸ʲôҲû̫Ȥֻ֪ЩĺݺİΣ
ҲûãںݺСУеħ֮ĵȼҪܽأܵٶȽ죬пһЩ⹦ܡ
ħ֮ĵңңڣСʱ⣬ʱУݺ޲ǰܿڽӽһ̫ȽϻҵƬУըѣܶǿĴڳǰ
Ȼ
һɫһһıǿߣǧͷȫؾϵĴڣһС붼ǴǿߣȻΧһ塢϶飬ȻǾǱĿŶˣ
ʱǱ崴ģ֪ͨʲôطԶ׼ͨ彮֮ڣԶԷҪʱǲԮʵ̫ˡ
෴彮ߵʱڣԱⷨ赲Ҫ̤ʱûôףһҲֻϰ˽еģôˣǧͷǿ˵͹ɶв
ݺĿ֮ʱһƬңըѣ̫еҲĺ䱬бûҲⳡսѾʼܾˣǿȻԴԴϵĴʱһڸǳ


1217 ٴμս
ݺ޿ߵɫȫޱ徹ȻϾۼʱ֮УʱΧЩˣ϶кƻĿܾͨʱֱֵ彮߽磡
ڣ廹ûдʱ㹻ǿߣʱûжοп˵
Ļôضᷢѹֱ뵽սоǺĵطֵǺ֮У
Ѿǧӷˣ彮֮ǺǷǳοģսֵĻʮս㹻ȫ⡣
ͨʱĻԷܹ뵽ʷֵ彮λãһɵƻ޿ɹ
οԷʵʩƻܹ˳ֹ˻ʹͻ֮ǰǰߣֱһõľƻӴ˿ɼбضżǵĽͳָһսۣҴ˴γıΪ£ҪȻҲܴʱˡ
ʱһ죬ûʲôܹƻΨеȴʱȥʱб
ݺϼΪأʱոճ֣ͨҵĹ۲죬ٻܳʱ䣬ʱڣλڱ彮ڵǿ߽ԴԴĴʱ룬ȻԹǺӣ
̫ʱͨ帹أǵı˵ԴԴĳ֣ʱһͷȴսϣ˵ǿǺˣܹǲս϶Ȳ϶Էô࡭
һͷ޳˵벻ξȻ˴ֱʣֱӴһʱԸǡ
ϸ
һͷ۾˵ǰΧ˵ı壬ǧͷؾǿߣǱսţ෴ƺֻһЩƾͷҲЩ̽·Ĵ󲿶ӻںء
ݺԣ̧ͷŻսڵȥϸ۲һֹȻˣǰЩսûʲô򣬸ûʲô·ͷԣСΪλս
ڳֵǧͷ壬¸һֻǱɳͷӣսԻƫģΪ˲ûаѿ˵ֵȫɵ˫屶Է֧ԮԴԴϸǲæĻЩֵǿ¼ֲ˶ˡ
һͷ˵⻰ʾݺһͷȥ
ֻˣ˵սԷһСǷǳ鷳ģο˾ͶսսҲûʲôá
ڸˣȰ̽⵽׺֪Ȼ׺ʩͺãȻǱǿߵĿѾȲ˶ˡ
ʱ˿̣ܹǿߣѾʧΪأѾʮʮ϶ˣ⻹ЩûзҹԵʡ
һԷܹ˵Իӣ
ݺͷֱתҪ뿪ϧǣǾô۲ƬսȻѾԷ
ڿ˵˵ݺ޵ĳ֣һϢǾԮѾˣܿͻʱĻսսϣ˿ڶǿһϣ
ڱ˵ݺͷ޵˲䣬Ǿ֪ǿµ鷳ǲģǽݺ޵
üͷףֱ뿪˻սսźݺͷڴйҪȽ˸ɵ˵
ںݺȫǴײεΪѰؾ嵹ûһֻͷױϮͷǶδ׵ľ磡
ٶȺÿ죡
ݺ˻Ѹ뿪ͺãȴû뵽Էͷ׵ٶԶԶǣһͷȫĻ⣬Ȼͷ׵ٶ˼£һٶȵǿͨ
£ߣߵ׺ˣ
һͷ޼״ֱɫһ˲仯˱壬һͷ͸ɫ׹ľչ˫֮ӭϮͷף
һͷҲûԥԼֵһ޵ı壬ӭɱıס
ǣ
ݺɫ΢䣬һȻܣԼȴҪӭȥսʣƾͷδ׾ޣͷ׾ֻ·һ˵Էܿͻǿ߸Ϲ
ݺȻԸԼԼƤӵѪɫ˫չѪ屾ս״̬
ڿνֶʱһԷͷסܽԷ˲ɱĻԷܿͻиǿ߸ϹչΧʱôӵõˡ
ԣݺȫûκԥֱӾչѪɫ˫ڷͷͬʱѪչ˿̫ƷѾѵ˵ڰ˲㣡
ΪҪʡʱ䣬ٶȻ֣ܶԺݺһֱǿʽѪĵڰ˲㣬Ѫɫɱ
ѪԳ˲Ѫߣȥͷ׵ܣٶͷ޸죡
ţÿ죡
ͷû뵽ݺٶô죬һЩӦȴǻҪһϵһеʵЩ
̫Ʒѵ˵ϣߣ
ͷһۿ˺ݺʲôֶΣһ̣ԷͷǿȻҲǷӦ˹
޾ĵϢ˲䱬ͷͬʱʩչֶγһһΧܹȻ۳㺮ϣȫڡ
Ѱǲôˣֱ㺮ϷǲɵӣȻҲǸܵںݺһ̺ŵĿֲƻ
ǲȫĻܱܿԷһһ򾡣
㺮Ϸһͷδ׾ıǿߣֱӴڼһ̫ƷһֺԲһֱ۳һޱȵĺȦų⳯ΧֱӶ˺ݺʩչѪɫɱ
Ѫ̫Ʒ۳Ѫɫޣڶ̶ʱգϮͷǰıһֺԲ̫Ʒųĺ⡣
ƣ
ݺüһѪ֮Ѫ죬ѪɫӰһӻȥк⳹׷飡
˵ֻһδ׵ΪȴѪѵ˵ڰ˲㣬ԶԷٿصһֺԲ̫Ʒ
οһУݺ˾ƿһطóԷʶ֪ܵ˶Է캮֮ӶдֱӽʽƵ


1218 ׺ʵ
Ѫ˲ѣݺ̫ƷЯſֲƣͷϮɱı׺ȻȥһӽֺԲ̫ƷʽƵѪɫӰϣ
ѪɫӰĺ£Ӧ飬ûֵܹסݺһǿĹƣѪٶȴ߶ӰѪɫԷͷ׳׸ס
ͷףͷδ׾ǿߣʱ˿̶ȫ˼ԺݺĹϣһų޾ĵֶַκͷֶ֡
ѪɫĵĶԿյкȻţݺһԷٺһΪǿߣȻ˿·磡
һʱ䣬˫Ȼֳƾ֮ƣⳡ޴󾪣û뵽ݺսȻǿȻһֵ֮סͷǿߵĽֵ飡
ȻˣǵȻûˣǿ߻ûܿǻ㹻ʱ䣬ݺֽ
Σǲܶºݺߣ
ɫбȻյ𽥹һͷ޵໥ںһ˲ǿ
ͷҲͨޣΪ˫ֵ̥ܣȻܹԷ໥ںϣӶһһЧǼֶΣ
ںϣѶʵ󣬵ؼҪں˫һģһҪȻĻͻ֮ĳͻӶû취ǿܻһЩԤϵ
ȫͬǼټģͿԿ϶ϰٷ֮ٲ˺ȫһҪһ̶ҲҪһܹ˫һںǿ
ͷ޵໥ںϣͬһɫӣݺŵͷǿ߹ȥ
ɫӿڣȻ޵ʩչҪǿ֮࣬˲ͷǿ߶в
Щ̾ͷӦ˹ЭԿݺ̫Ʒһʱ侹Ȼûʱȥͷ޵Ĺơ

ͷ޸ԷһХɫŽǱȫУֲƻ˲䱬
ϵĴɫ˸֣Ȼȴʼ޷ͻӣպԽԽͷףȻȫһںʽС
ʵҪЩ׽ֶζʩչôƾͷδ׾ޣ϶֡
Һãݺڳ԰˲ѵ̫Ʒͷ׵ȫǣסˣյ֣
ϻ㲻ȻղǺݺԷǿ߻ɱ󹦳ɣһˣǣס˶Էٷ֮ʮŵ¶Էɫӵʱûκεֿ֮
һЩ׷ֳȥɫӵĻݺѪ̱ܽЩ׸նɱԶԷȫֶεȫƾǵǿȣջûֵܵסֲƻ
ͷףҪֱɱݺˣȴû뵽սȻԼɱһĻֱԶıǿˡ

˲ɱ
Ҫǣݺֻһδ׵ΪȻһסͷףֱЩ˼飡
ּǿߣӪеȻҲеģǲʱģֻЩͨı壬Ȼûкݺǿڡ
ߣҪ
ݺۿͷױɵ̾͵ͷ뿪ȥΪԶѾи׳߸ϹжʮͷҪǱЩ׷ϣҲʲôĻᡣ
ȻҲ֪ڱҪˣǱͷסҪԼúݺȥͨϢڣȻǲҪκˡ
Լٶȳ·أԶʮͷֱӳ׷ɱ֮ɫʱп׷ӣ˫ԽԽ
ٶȷ棬ݺͷ޶ѾǳɫˣһȺ׵Уȴмͷٶȷرóܸ٣ٶȳ˺ݺˣ˫֮ľ롣
ߣ
ݺǰͷͷǸ棬ܿ쵽һطݺ΢ʩչƿظһȻѸٻ˷
ͷ޲ûлɺݺΪѾûʱȥˣܹʮͷףѾߣֻҪһ̾ͻᱻԷ׷˺ɷˡ
ݺ֮ͻȻı䷽Ϊܵƫԭ·ߣʱУ˵ֻһͨͨȴǺܴһƬռߴǾͻֱ̤뵽ʱմҵĿռУԶƯС
õǣֱ㲻õصľƿطܵԶһڸϹ
ĸܵһ׺Ԯӣֱת˷׺ķ˹ȥ
ʮͷ׽׷ᣬҪݺնɱ򶼲ưոݵӣܸոպݺɱͷУЩѰɣŻöԷƶᣬ֪뵽嵱С
ܿ죬ݺ˾׺ԽԽʮͷѾЩԥȻҲѾˣǰĻǿߣǶںݺƺЩִһҪ׷Ƶġ
գʮͷмͷ£ͣǰĽŲתٶ˴˴
ܹʮͷžĿѾǰֵԮԳô
˫Ļβʿ֪
ȴˡ
ܣ
׺ĹЦֱӴб죬һɫâеţֱӳʮͷ׵·ϣ
һųɫâдһֲѹһ˲佫ʮͷ׵סˣҲ޷֡
׺ĿֲֶΣδ׵ʵֻһ֣ͨ㽫ʮͷ׳סС
һɫâУֱ۴ֵ׹ϮֱɱʮͷףЯſֲƻϢҪЩ嶼Ϊҽӣ
һȺʮףǿҲδףδף׺¶޷ֵ˵ˡ
ֻһʱȥֻʣͷδ׻ڼѵֵţѾȫɫ׹ĺ»Ϊޣһ˿ҽû£
׺ʵȻôǿ
ڳȫͷһ


1219 ж
ڳ˶׺ʵˣոմӺݺСгȫû뵽׺Ȼܹһɱʮͷף
ģıף͵˵ʮСӱȵӽ·׺ǰȴ˵Ĳһֱӱһгɱϻҷ
ʮͷ׶ɱ֮󣬺ݺŶ׺ǰֵ
ʲôܹȻǧͷؾǿߣ
˺ݺ޵Ļ㱨ڳȫЩ𾪣ǧͷǿߣǶôǿһȻЩȫǴףҲܹԸ˵ġ
׺ǿߣܹ˲佫ʮͷ׶ɱҲѾļˣҪͬʱǧͷؾǿߣҲֻ·һ
οݺ˵ڳֵıֻƾ̽·İˣսŵǿߣûн뵽ʱС
ԷͷӣǧͷؾĻҪľǿߣж

αǻ˺ܴ󹦷򣬻ǴֱʰҲ֪ĿʲôΣǶ뽫ȫʱУ뿪ǰ彮ĵǺӣضʧأ
׺һ˵ţһ˼ȥжƻܿǰһһƻЩؾ̫ˣǷֳСӣȻֱǲһЩ˳ȥգǵȦڣٶлɱÿοԿɱʮͷոչǰʮͷֻҪ˼ȥǧͷҲܿͻᱻǸɵˡ
ƻ˵˶Եͷ£Ҫܿʧɱ˸ؾǿߣҸ˵˽ΧҲֻİ취ˡ
ȻֶβһٶĶãϾǿҲȫӵģιͻᱻԷˡ
ʱ򣬲ٱؾǿѾˣȥϿǿߣԸʣµҲñȽס
˵廹ԴԴǲ߽뵽ʱ׺ļƻɹʵʩĻԷǲٶȿ϶ǱȲɱٶȵġ
Ҳ˵Էʱе᲻ϼ٣
ֽ׶οҲֻİ취޶ȵİæˣ˶ûз׺ƻ
ҪɹնԷҾûǲܸոյһոʱ̶ԷѾˣ׺ǰ֣»ᱻԷܵһͺܲˡ
һͷ޳˵
ı䡣
˶УһĶδײεǿޣҲ׷׺ģʱ˿ҲҿǿƻѡһЩձѡȻ˾ͽ뵽ЩѡСУѡؾǿԶԶ󲿶ӵĵطٴСгֱӽǳɱ
뷨ֻѡúˡ
˶˵ͷȻµ⡣
ּƻĻѡͷǳҪˣΪҪ뵽ѡСУһСģͻΪѡġв͡
˵ԲߣѡʲôٶĻС֮еûа취ֵģڱ˵СУ˾൱飡
ڽ˵СΪЩǿߵȻǼΪģΪһСľͻᵼ
ѡҪйУ׺ǰһڳУûӵŷˡ
˶˵
¿һɡ
һЩѪһ幫˵ͷλǺõģ˶ԺݺȽΣԸ뵽Сȥ
λĻҲһ룬Ҳǵ۾ΪԸλЩʲôҲû취Ըλʲôвɣ
ʱҲվ˳ëԼ˵ʵǵ۾ԼСУҲͬʱԸʮ׾ǿߣԷ׵ĽƷȻƻС磬дݵ뿪
⻰˶ֵĿ˰ǵ۾СӣҲ֣£ǵ۾εСʲôã
˵㣬ɱԼǹµ˾˿Դ󣡡
ǣȥնܱ֤Щǿ׷ɱĻǴгǿɱȾͱɵˣ
ǵ۾ʵ̫ˣԵѡ
˷׷һǿ磬һ滹ǺݺһΪޣǿεºܵõѪһ幫
ǻʲôõѡ𣿡
ݺʱվ˵ˣ˵ģҪ±ڳ˶Ҫǿ٣壬׷ɵġҪ˵ȥѡҾ׵ĵطʵ̫ˣû취ǿߵע⡣
⻰ǶˣҲ档
涼ΪһǽˣҪһԣ˵ٱǿ߻Ȥأ
Ǿͷֳж
ʱֶ룬׺ʱ˷ʱʲô̾˾Һ͹»εһεѡҺ͹ߣǾвӦ֧Ԯ
ƻģҺ͹ȥӻսսһЩǿ߳Զ󲿶֮󣬳Զճıлɱǲȷ٣һķ̫ͳֽ֧Ԯһǲʮ׽С磬¡
á
׺ţûʲôˣԼڡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪ̫ͣȥյĻЩǿߺܴܿϵģ㲻ˡ
׺˵ƻĻܹͦҪõģʮ׾вӦһҪĿ̫ԷҲ˵Уûвһ
ʹŽСЩףҪʲôͼ԰
ȻӵеС磬Ľ磬Ѿû취ˣֻЩ׽ԼУУûֻʱģûҪһ㡣
ܿ죬׺Ͷڳϰؾǿ򶼽˰ţʱԮӶѾˣܹһʮˣսǺܿɹ۵ģֻǧͷС׼ˡ
ΪǲҪ÷ֱյսܵԷս
ˣɣ˶ҪȫȫԼҪĪˣжӦûκʧ
׺һ£ȫʼж


1220 ɱ
ܿ죬˶뵽׺ݺ˵СУȻֻ磬ʮױ׺ŽС
һδףδףһҲȵһݺˣΣգһһ㷴ġ
ţۿ׺ͺݺ˷ֱǰɱȥԸȴԭػţȴĹ
񣬺׺ݺֻͬҪʱвӦ˽ԮˣҪȥȺնֳ
׺δ׵ΪԱĿֵĻ»ٱǿ߶ԸҲô޴ֱĿȥձЩһ
š
ʼ׺ʱ˶ΪֻǸδ׾Ѱޣɼ׺ֶλǷǳģֻҪԸ⣬Ѱ߸޷Ϊ
ԣ׺ǰձף϶ҲΪҪȻĻ϶ܶ೬Ԥıǿߣʱɾͱˡ
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ԶĵȴţʱһĨѪɫӰǰԶձĺݺ
ʱĺݺԵЩǱһʱмǰУʮͷؾǿ߽׷ᣡ
Ǹܵ˺ݺϵϢҲϳ˺ݺѪ幫ݣЩ׷ɱݺʱʮַ׷ɱʲôһ㡣
ЩֵĸоЩ˵ݺȻô
طܹݺˣҲǺݺֵʱˣΪط塢˻սѾ˺Զľ룬ﶯֵĻֻҪжĿ죬ԷͲܽߵصս
ֻռƻܹܵʩиջս֮ǰɱܶıؾǿߡ
һǵ۾εĴڣȻǲģʮͷ׷ɱݺܿԣȴ·ûһֱźݺ׷ȥ
Ҳʱһ͸ϣͻȻڸڶ𣬽һƬȫУ
һ͸ϣ̺ſռܹЩѣܹαؾǿⲿͳȥϢǵϢ
ϵĳֱ֣ʮͷؾǿһǿɶǴһӾԼЩп뵽ĳ嵱С
ûǶʲôܿʹӺݺСгؾεޣд󲿷ֶǴǿߣһδ׿ʼһֱδ׶УһĶδף˼һܹʮˣ˲ʮͷǰ
óˡ
ⳡͷԷô˵Ҳʮͷؾǿߣͼһʮˣ˫˵ƾУĻܿü
Ѿ׺֮ǰ˵ģ̫ˣԥֱ׼æ
ɣ
һǲڣʱ˿һȣֱеʮؾǿ߷˳ȻȺʮͷǿϮȥ
һ³ͻȻЩǿ߶ûʲô̫õķӦֻһ棬ʮͷǿ߱ݺ˲ʱлҷ
ݺһˣѪ̫ƷĺüʽһӾɱͷǿߣĶδ׾ǿߣһʩչǿʽֱӽͷǿδ׸ɵˡ
δײεĴڣǻһЩѹ׵ıڣĶδУȴЩֶζ޷ʩչ˵ʵǱޱȡ
սսս֮սûκιƽԣΨһĽһ
֣ȫʩչɱﵣ֣
ʱҲûв˽Ȼּսк̫ãӵеһЩֶΣȴҲܹһЩЧ
ڣͬʱֵʱ򣬾ȴ߶˾ıԴ֮˲о۵ĹΡȻƴʣʮͷǿȫڣ
Դ֮壬õĿ¯࣬¶ԷؾǿףҲܹԷסһʱ䡣
λףҪֱʱ䣬޷ڳıǿ붼λ׵ĲΡ
Ķ֣ܹʱ䣬λףֻԷһǵʱˡ
׾͸˵ˣֶ൱ǿ౻ʱ䣬ֱܹӻָ֮ҲܵϢơ
ȻڿɲһڳЩսʩչֶΣ߶壬Щ˰ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ṩһõĹ
߶Դʱ˷׷׷ǿֶΣ˲佫Щǿȫ֣
ɫͬһ£вؾıǿȻȫûдﵽ׾ģǴﵽ׾ıǿߣֻǰ㷴Ӧʩչֶοʼ˵Ĺ
ҲбļףȫûܵıԴӰģӦĳЩܸߣ֮ط䱾ƵֶͨοԵֿ
⼸ף㼯ȫ֮ҪԼΧһЩǿߣ󲿷ǰװ˷ѵˣЩѵĴףʵҲֻһδסδ׵ľ磬Ҫֵʮǿߣݺڵȫϻ̸ף
ֻһ󣬱ʣʮͷıǿߣһӾֻʣʮͷǿȫһ豩ĹɥֻһЩȱı壬Լٱǿõǿս
ȻЩսǲܹ嶯õģȴϣƳʺʹõǿս
ɱĸоˬ
ڳȫ뵽֮ȫĳԹֻ֮һɻɱôǿߣзǳˬ졣
벻СӾȻӵǿĿֶΣҪǵ̤ؾ׶Ҫһʱ䣿
һʱ䣬ԾܶˣСӣһʼСˣѪһ幫ϵˡ
ոһУ϶ҲһֱʩչɣϲĻʽͬĶֿ޷ЧڶΣֻܳ䲻С
Ҫľǳ䲻⣬սϣΨг䲻ջսڣȥʮͷףѾǵвˡ
ȫʮͷ׶ΧʣЩǿߣѾʧȥ˺ڳʮ޶ԿĿܣվȫ³
ЩȴҲ䣬ҲҪ֮ǰϵ汳ģ


1221 
ԣʣʮͷȫۼһƺ˹ͬĿ꣬볯źݺڵķɱ
ݺû뵽ǻԼĿ꣬ȴҲûлţûӲȥԷƴǳˣȻѡʱˣ
õİ취ΪԷʮͷ׼ͷδףƴĻݺѵֵסֵסˣҲʧС
ʱˣܿԷķâڵһս
ܿ죬źݺĳˣԭںݺԱߵǿߣ׷׶Ӧ˺ݺĿȱͬһʱ䳯ʮͷı׷ҹƣ
ʮͷףԭĿǺݺݺ֮ȫһ˲պᣬ˵Ĺ˼Ч
ͷףֱֺ±ˣʮͷҲܵ˲Ĵ뱻˻ȥ
ЩΧȫǿ߰Χûдﵽ׾ĸΧˣֻΧۿˡ
ʮǿߣֱΧɱʮͷףܿݺʩչֶΣѪɫĻѪɫӰֱϮЩף
ȺһĶδǿߣҲʩչֶΣͺݺ˳Ϊ˳ҫ۵
£ʮͷ׽ڽڰˣûл֮Ȼʩչ֮ҪѰΧȦôǿǵóѣ
һʱ䣬Χ£ֶܿͽʮͷȫɱɵ
кݺĶδڣһԷʩչʲôɱУ˾ͻæֵҲ͵¶ԷʮȫնɱʱһĶûУм˵ˣⲻǺܴ
һսЭ£ȫ˱ʮͷؾǿߣ巽һû֮ǰ׺ƶļƻȷġ
յ룬𽥲ʳԷжЧɼ൱ٺݺǳɹˣֱڣ׺ûлص⸽Ҳ֪ǲʲô⡣
Сӣ֮ǰСˣж´ˡ
һ޴ԣһļˬһЦԸֱˬл˵Ȼǿ˷һսУ˺ܴõģִģķΧЧܹ򵽣˵ֻǸǵ۾εġСһ
ǰˡ
΢΢һЦǫ˵
˵ĿʵͰСӣѪһ幫ϵˣȻڲֻͬʵ̫Щⷽ滹ҪӰѾǡ
޹һЦ˵
лǰָ㡣
ҲЦŵͷ
ԷЦͲԷһֱ˴ΣұΡ
ܿ쵶ࡢغͺҲԣ޲ѣˮɫ̷ŮȴǺߺһСصĹģ֮ǰСʮͷʱôûó
ʱٵж࣬ЩףҲս
ͷĲĽ˵
ʽ̫죬Ҫþ͵оԵİսԷɵͻöԷԺԷͻˡ
˵ͷͬĻ
Ǳ׺ˡô£Ȼôǿߣ
ʱ˶ԶԶһϤӰԶйǻһͨδ޵׺
׺󣬾ȻһٶͷǿߣʮͷǴף
ú£Էսǲǿֻʮɾܸɵˣ׼ְɡ
ݺ̽⵽ЩǿߵĿӦһֽ̧֮УȻΧǿȫ뵽ԼСС
ݺĻҲûԥֱӽʮǿ뵽ԼУȻͺݺǰӭԶй׺
׺һ·ӣٶȼ죬ЩȴҲһʩչһЩ͵ͨ׺٣˫֮ľԽԽ
ߣݺĸ֪̽ⷶΧʵԶһʼʱ̽ϣڸ׺Щǿ߲ûܹ֣ԭһǿߡ
ǼͺݺԼƺҪ֧Ԯ׺ʱ򣬲ɶЦ˱⣬Сһһδףһֻǵ۾ֱ̫ЦˣȻʱУȫǱвͣ
һٶͷǿǰֱҪ׺ݺΧȻɱ
ҲЩǿεʱ򣬳ԤϵģͻȻʹ׺ݺСӿֳһһǿӰһ־͹һϣЩǿȫС
ֻ˲䣬Щǿ֮߱
ɱ
Ҳʱ֮ǰһֱ׷ŵ׺ڷȫɫ׵籬˲ɫ裬ɱһȺǿ֮У
δ׵ʵ˲䱩¶ţһЩδ׾ıǿߣڳıǿУǿҲһĶδװˣѾĶδ׵ǿס
׺֣Ⱥǿ˵൱ɱȻجλںͷڼȻԿ϶Щǿ޷κһǾûҪʲô˼ˣֱСķɵ˱ȺУ鱾Դֶʩչ
۵ĺƣֱӽΧбǿ嵱ֻһС˲䣬Щǿ˵ġ
˵ɱЩһֻҪʩֶΣȻɱЩǿߡ
ΧǿߣһѾʩչֶΣ׼ձʱ̾ͷųɱУ
һ֣ԭǱ׺СȺޣûУʱ˿̷ӦȴҲܿģֱԼǿɱС
׺ͺݺĶδ׵ɱֻһʱڣȫʮͷǿ߱Ȼնɱ
бЩǿɷ飬ܹʮͷɥ⻹ʮͷǿˣЩܵˡ
ʼʱ׺˵ĴȾЩȽǿƵıףѰλסλףǸˡ
Ҳ͵£֮һЩǿʧ˳һսʣһЩ˵ǡСˣ˵һܲһЩƻҪѳ˵İΧȦȴǾԲˡ
ңֻҪ˱㹻ĻȻһᱻԷŪܹʤԷ
ĺôˣܹڱս£𽥼ԷһһԷս
ֻǲ֪֮ʣЩǿ߻᲻ϵճ


1222 ս
ܿ죬׺ϰͷǿ߾ȫ˴ϾдǴףֻѰؾԶԸ൱ɵġ
ȥĴɨսˣϰͷ壬֮ǰݺʮͷ壬ȫӵв޾սȻЩսսȫŲ̶ͬȵ𣬵õļֵǺܸߵġ
٣ÿսĲϣ㹻һµ޾սˣ͸ͺݺһ
ЩսƷη䣬ͲҪκ˲ˣΪʱЩռȫ׺УȲȥսƷķ⣬֮ٽзӺһЩϾڻڽżҵսУûʱȥ棬οõ޾սҲԶԶÿ˷ֵһûҪΪ˷ʱ䡣
հɣѾ˽ͷǿߣȥҪնԷûôˡ
˷׷˵׺顣
ôжսۣ˵ȻҪȥЩǿ˾ȥȥվڱףԷϵǾٺòˡ
׺˵ͷжѡ࣬Եһӣ֮ǰûȺǰֹԳȥˣǻǷֳ飬һһ
ڿ׼һֻǲһ׷ɱпܻȡսһ˸ǣȻһЩ˽ںͷǰıһʲô£ıܹ֪̾
ݺʱ˵ҲӦսıС
һȫ˵ͷݺǵĲ޵֮ǰͷ׷ɱȴûлȥ϶öԷȡʩҲǱȻģݺ²սǱȽпܱԷóġ
ȻˣԷҲȡսǾԴͷж϶Էǰ󷽵ϵôҲƵȥ
׺˵ɣں󷽽أɵȥЩ壬ԶغԽԶԽãбԸǣǵļƻãڵЩһͽˣһҪ콫ɵ
û⣡
ͬӦԡ
ƻ֮˱ܹĵĿʼжܹжʮ׽뵽УΪոıϹ˵˫ۣڶûʲô˶ˡ
Ψһģ֮ǰڵеʱľ˧꺫ˣһƺǶܲˬԾܾ׺İţѡ˵СУ硣
ԴûʲôνֻҪԷвҾˣҲó˧꺫ޣҲеСˣƻҪ֣һﻹġ
ʮǿСУϿǶһˣٴγʱеĻս׺ǵһΣȻûյУǺݺû취ҳ׺ټ
Ҫ֪ڳڶ޵Уݺʶ֪ǿһû취ܵ׺Ĵڣ֪׺ʵжǿ
׺Ϊδ׵ǿޣۺʵԶѰ֮ˣҪ֪൱սŵĵ۾ͳ죬Ѫĳǿˡ
Ѫô𵽵ã׺Ҳǲģʵһϡ
ˡ
ԭأŵԽԽԶֱʧûƬʱ֮ɫС
ݺھУԶЦ˵źˣһεжô˳ˣǰ滹ã׺һȥϺʵΣգǻսпҲкüͷδײεıģ˵ʱסˣԷԮԽԽ࣬ҪͻȻһǿߵͲðˡ
ڣǳ˽ж֮⣬Ҳûκΰ취ܲܳɹֻˡ
۾˵
ܹһʮˣϿǱߣҲŲİˣҪЩǿӲƴ϶ǲܵģΪ
ֻܲռƻپǶˣ
ʱͨƿطҲܿ͸ܵһϢԶһͷ󣬲ϳԼڵķλ
ͷ޵ϢȻǵϢεѡǵ࣬̾׼
֮ǰһͻȻ֣Щ׷ɱŵıǿ߸û⣬˭ȥһǵ۾Сӣ
Ѱ˵ǵ۾ؾսϸ𲻵κã
ԣһȺܹʮͷǿߣڲ׷ɱŵ࣬û˭⵽ĴڣǷϮҲƵÿǵ
һΣδż֣Ϊ˶ܵʮͷǿ󣬻иںͷȻʶ֮ǰĲԾԸġ
ڣͱ׺ֲˣ͵࣬ʱֻܳԶȥ
Ⱥǿߵٶ൱죬Ψжþ֮ǿƿռ˲ƣܹǿЩǿߵǰͷ
Ҫ֪ʱУһпռĶǷյģҪÿռĽ˲ƣǲܵ飬Ȼƾ֮ͨȴܹǿƿռΣĵ˲ƣ
ֶΣٴõһ
ܵˣɣ߶Ըʮͷ壬ˣȥغǶʮͷ壬ûɣ
ֱһֶԷ׷ᣬЩһں󣬱˵
á
ûԥֱӵ˵ͷ˻ޣź󷽷ȥܿʮͷǿ߽
ûκһͷǿʶһ㣬ɵĵ˺󷽣Ȼۼ˷ž̽⵽Ķʮͷǿߡ
ʮͷǿߵٶȷǳ죬ƺǳпר̽СӣɫأЩһɲܵκһ
ޣߵݺ˵ˣݺһʩչԿռϣҪǶʮͷ嶼סС
һԿռϵϣǲգҪ£ݺ˷ֳ飬ÿһ鸺һռϣֹЩһѡ
ƻֱ֣֮ʩչ˾ıԴ壡
һ˲䣬Ƕʮͷǿȫ嵱ȫû뵽ΧлͻȻһһǷϮ֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҳʱ򣬺ݺǿҲһֱ֣Ȼ֮ռϵϣЩȫУ
ıԴʱ䲻Щǿѹʱ򣬾Ѿȫ˿ռϵУ޷ѡ


1223 սʼ
ȥ˳ˡ
Ƕʮͷǿ߱ռУѾΪ֮ٴѳ
мͷףʩչһЩֶͨΣȻһ͵ڶռϻ飬㱻ѣԸ£ܹռϣӶֹ˶Էѡ
볯Ƕʮͷǿ߷кݺΪɴֱ࣬ӱѪ̫Ʒĵڰ˲ֶΣѪɫӰϮͬĴ֣һͷһͷ׸ɵ
ЩףʵǿΨһĳѸ٣ؿռ֮ڣصȫӲʲô
ǺݺһˣһɱͷǿߣʣʮͷǱֻɱܹûѵһʱʱȫ㶨ˡ
ѪȻһδ׵ΪۺսȻǿѾԽѰδ˰ɡ
̫ƷľѲضܸˣֻǲ֪˵ڼ㣬ѪҲȫսˡ
ϾܸκδϢĻᣬʩչȫĻһʲôͲˡ
˻Ƕʮͷ֮ɺݺͳһռսƷҲкü̫ƷϧЩ̫ƷȫǺԵģͺݺ˵ûʲôãʱֻܽ׺ȥˣÿҲֵ٣ҲһʲƸء
У˶ҲһЩʶò˵սİշǳλҪʼҪռϵĻпλбǿѡ
ʮͷǿߣɶٶȼͣһǵռƻҲ˶¶Ļȥû취Щճһˡ
Ȼû˵ʲôѾ˴ĴָҲΪԵʣǲܹô˳ĳЩ屻ʱǶڿռУҪȻĻûô׶ԸԷ
˵ͺݺ˴󹦣ȻΪߣȴԵܿɹҪӵд׵Ϊôսôֲ
¾ԲѪİɣ
˶˲²⣬Ҷʵǳá
ܿ죬˼ǰУͷ׺һ˴ǰ˹ȫɱʮ㣬ɫȫԵͬ·һɲ
׺ϣŲٺԵвٱϣûɾģɼովһεȿµսɱ˲֪ٱǿߣ
㶨ˣ
ӭȥһ䡣
ţܹ׷һһ٣ҴһʼضϣɱܹʮͷûϢ©֡
׺˵ͷЦһЦˬʣǼҵսδһƣ롣
Ǳ߿϶Ҳûʲô⣬һһٶͷ塭
ݺ۾˵
Ⱥ͵ϰɡ
׺˵ͷȻڵķǰС
СܹʮǿߣҪԸҲʮͷףĻ϶ǲʲôġ
ܿ׺ͺݺһֱǰͿڵʮӭӦǻʤˣÿɫܲãܹ˶ʮˣ
׺ɫһ
࣬ô£ˣ
׺ǰֱ˵ʵ
ЩѡԱ
ǰȻʱУԱ͵㣬ʮͷһԱǴ߽ʮ˵һ壬ʱʹҪԱˣȻô뻮һѡԱ
ȻԱ
׺ݺһʱɫ
ﵽؾĲ֮鶼Լӣܻ׾ѡԱ֮ǰҲû⡣
ο絶˵ʱУڳһ޵ǻкǿõģ׾ǿԱᵮʱʱԶʱܹܵķΧһԱ󲿷ᱻʱֱ
ȻˣʮͷؾǿһԱĿֲƻõȺʧʮˣ֮ǰǿһ˶ûξһʮŸʧ˵ǼΪء
ҲԿһ㣬ǾǱߵıȺ壬ѾֲʶǵռƻոնԷʩչսƻӦþҪ̽߾жڡ
ֻϧһٶͷͬˣԷȴȻû̽׺߾жˣΪ̽ıǿȫ׺һ˸ɵˡ
ȻͺݺҲɵ˶ʮͷͨٶȺͿռĵı壬һԷļƻ˹ؼԴ
ȻˣܹѾ׵˽ͷ壬ԷѾʶǵļƻǲϵˣȥһ£˵λΧˡ
׺֪˵ߵϢֱ֮Ӿ˾ȷģڱѾ֪ǵռƻټȥûʲôãʱȵ£ȥȷжȥǱˡ
ȫ˵ͷʾͬ׺ļƻֻв˵ñȽϵ䣬ΪڱԱĹȥʮޣвٻǻŵ˵ѣֵܣ
ֵܿתΪ˶ԱĳޣǵĶ־Ӹ߰
߰ɣɱȥ
׺£˺ƺƵĳսȥһ˶ûԼ٣׼ֱӴս򣬴Ӷ˵˽Χ
ڿڱΧţ˿սҪǽȳõİ취ƺƴĽöԷʱԵĳˡ
Ϊ˴ﵽЧһȫ׼ͻ֮ˣҺܶзͨ似ǿߣҲȫʩչǿĻ󡢷ֶΣһʮʮ٣߱һٶ˵Ķ飬һӱǧ˵Ķ飡
ͻ֮ÿϸҪʶЩף˵һЩʶ̽ȽǿļһܿЩǻƺƴĳȥܹһΪҵɧ
⣬ܹ˳˵˸ȳ˫һжҪĶˡ
жһʼǳɹģϧ²վҪߵսһ
ˣûĳȥˣֱһܽ˺ݺСС
ĻսУΧս˫ȫ׵Ĵڣ˭һֱ̣ȻǻصݺСΪȫĻսҲҪһˡ
׳սչȴԲУֻжںݺСУָоΪˬ
ҪԼУΪһж
̵ʶ


1224 
սʼ
׺ϰˣԼǧǿߵĻֱӳǰսɱ˹ȥһӵȼս
Ǳһӱô󾪣ǧǿߵԮܹôȫûģ
Ȼвٱǿߣ֪̽ǧ޵дǻȴתԱ֪ѾըĻ
׺˳ɱȥķ򣬱ǿ߷׷׺˳Һ׺ԿΪȫΪ
ǧͷֲıսʿֻһЩƾÿ嶼ԼüΪҪԵ޹ʼظλԸȥġ
׺˳ɱȥһӱ㽫ӪɢȻ˳ĺͱΧĿ˻ϵһȻʼźսˡ
˵Уԭܹˣһɫ׾ǿߣھϻսѾжʮȥʣһٰʮеľҲ˲ˣ˶ʴڣ˰ˡ
׺˹ԮȻǷǳϲģۿ׺ܹһٶˣлһ벻Ǵףֻλ׻λףʱɫͱòôˡ
ȻֻҪԮǺ£˵˲ڶ˵ʲôǺ׺һսˣʱڴ˿ȥ
У׺ޣЩҲʼͻ֮޾Ļʱ˲䱬бǿ߶ԶҪ׷ɱòܡ
һȻĵ˲ͻ֮ȫȴǳɹˣرһ˵ĳԱԥٶȳʱڴжԻĶδڽл͡
ɿ˻͵Ĵͻ֮ǼһˣСٶ룬ҲҪ֤ͻ֮һʲʧС
˵ȳˣû˶˵ʲôΪͻ֮ͬ׺˵Ŀꡣ
ֻҪͻ֮͵ǰߵսݵУɣܹõǳĽʱеݱʲôӣӰ쵽ǵɽ
Ȼжڲ²⣬˽ţưոݣսǱ߿϶ᷢһµʱйأֻڻû취սϵϣ֪ǷѾ֪ߵˡ
Ҳǵȵ˵ĳԱͻ֮͵սű֮󣬾ͻὫսŵ˵һʱӦϢˡ
սˣ׼õͻ֮ڻ£ϳʱľͷ
ΧĿռԽԽխС˵ɲǸϢ˵طԽխԽ׷أȴҲԽܵԷļ
ҪǶԷǧͷǿһ߼ôҪֵʵ̫ˡ
ܿ죬ʣµһٰʮˣ׺һˣѾ˵ʱڴֻҪܹսϿ彮λá
˵ķߣҪ޷סôͨһ·ֱ룬ֵǺӵڣһ·뵽彮
ܷŹκһͷͨʱ
ʱľͷȽխСΧȫʵ̫תţҪͨʱͲܱܿ׺Ϳߵˣ
ʱҲӺݺСгˣȺУʱ򣬿еǲ˭עǵ۾εˡ

׺ЩȣǸε޹ˣ׺Ѫ𣬻ľҲˡ
׺˵ֻҪܹƻļƻԸȥʵʩģ´ܷ׺档
Ƕ˵Ͳһˡ
ʱڴأ˿ǵòκκôģϾսǱߺܻ֪ܿߵûӦս´סʱҲܵòκν
ģΧ׺֮޵ʱȴȵķ֣ȻڳޣǿʣµѾ˵һٰʮǿߣȻûκһѡģ
˶ɫصʱڴȻطڱ˵ǳڴǽһҪͨ
Ϊοϣ˶Ψͼģֻǰģ彮ŵĹӸ硣
սϣ߶ὫԼΪһӣԾȥά棬ᵥΪԼ롣
ʱûкôǿҲԸվȥ壡
Ļ壬ҲǿʳĴдôʱˡ
ǿߣ׼ʱڴأ֮ǰЩЩЯͻ֮ĻںϺˣʱ˿̣Ҳȫɾ
ܿ죬ǧͷؾǿߣƺƵʱһͷǰһȻϮ
ôһǺĵϢѾǹʱе̫ΡȻƴ󣬸˴һѹ
˵鶼˵ǲĶԷܹԼ˲ɱģΪ֮ǰû׺ϰˣƾ˵˲Ѿֵ˶Էôʱ䡣
ڼ׺ˣֻҪǱûиǿԮսôǾͲزס
ΨһĵģǱǱǲǿ߹
һ㣬ǿ϶ˣΨһȷľǶԷʲôʱǲǿ߹սʱǿʼڳֻ˵ǿθСսˡ
ܿ죬Ǳû˷Ѷʱ䣬̽ԵĽ̾Ϳʼˡ
ǱߣЩͷӣҲƾ񣬾Ǵͨʱ˳㽫˵ͻ֮ʰˡ
ϧǲûܹͻ֮˸ˣôΨһܹģҲǴͨʱˣıſٵ·
ЩͷӵȻֻڻңǲԸȥԣ֮ǰζҪ崴Լļֵ
ǿߣûκҲԸһԷЩҲһȰԼ壬ǸҲҪԼļֵս֮ϡ
һһͷλǿߣӱȺз˳ֱӳڵʱڴϮ
λף
ɫ΢䣬һǲһͷλףô£ƾЩλףܳǵķߣһ˶ɱ
ǱߣЩʲô
ܿ죬˾˶ԷĴ㡣
ֻһͷλ׷ϮԶʱѾʼۺģ𽥿ʼ
ԱԱЩһǷˣ
һӷӦ̾ҧ׼Ȼֻλ׵ԱҲǼΪµģ


1225 Ϥ֮
ͬһʱʩչ˸ֶַΣݺڣѪɫĺХһƬѪɫ赲ǰС
׺ҲʩչֶΣϵȵȸɵķϮͬһβƵķ
һͷλǿߣԱ˲Ϯ˵ķ˲ͱ飬Щһδ׵ķֶΣҲֵסϰλԱ˲ʱ飡
ʹںݺԣûʲôΪԷԱǰʩչʲôֶζȻսеΪǷʩչֶζκθı䡣
Ҫ˵ֵסĻôûãҪֵܵסôҲҪʲôˣҲֵУʡһ
λǿʱԱ޷ռС籬飬Ҳܲǿ֮Դ׶ܹвϰλһԱֳºܶһӶûɣ
֮ţĳȷޱ׳ۣҲֻսϣ˵ĴڶΪʱ򣬲пܳˡ
壬һµ壬ܹһλһԱڣγ᲻ǿ
ܱôǿ˵ȫǵˣԷô˵Ǽ¡
һλԱʱһ󲿷֣ʣȫ׺ʩչֶεֵסˣûܹ˺κһޡ
ţǿȴʱȻ˹ͷǿߣͬһʱǰԶ
ʱ׺ͿˣȫڳǰͷԱûôķӦ
Էܹа˰ٶͷ⻹֮ǰȡռƻȼٶͷǰ¡
۾۲ųеԱһͷλףʣµı廹ʣ߰ٶͷͷףĻλ׻λףս̫ǿԷֻô˵Ļʱпܵģֻǡ
ֻǣԷһֱֻô
лţ˵Կ϶彫ǲǿʱǻֵܹס
жӣɱ
׺Էɱʱһȫɫ׵Ĳ۳һɫ쫷磬ɱ˱ȺУ
УֳʮǿߣʱڴԸ©֮㣬ȫ˳ȥ׺һɱ˱ȺС
ò˵ʣһٰʮˣȫǾӢеľӢһһδףսҲѰһδף൱ѰĶδףǿ
սȻ˵ȲϺݺԸǰЩƾȴǴ´ˡ
ڣڿУڻǿδף׺ͬΪɱзӪ֮ɱܸɵһͷһͷǿߣֱͬδ׾ıס
֮ǰ׺ûʱ򣬿ô˾ܸԷƽ֣׺˵İæƶʱͳһ浹״
˫δס
ڣ߶׺ǿĴڣ˲䱩սһˣûδ׿ȥֵ£һܸɵüͷǿߣûκֵܹĲ
ͷĶδʩչǿط̫ͨƷǿ׺Ĺ赲
һɱޣ׺δޣǺݺ
ȻǺݺһˣǺݺ
ܹΪޣͺݺϣר͵ϮЩڼս״̬еδ֡
ݺڵս޵úݺУȻޣϢԷʱͻȻ
ںݺǿṥ£ûκδ׵ıֵܹסɱУһֱ
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бδҲܹ࣬ʮ֮ǰ׺ͳǱڣһ
֮ǰݺͷδףƴɱһĻ£İаδ׾ıȫͳɱ
ͷףѹһδ׾Ŀ˳ԱЯźݺͻȻѪɫıѪɫӰէȻ֣ͷױ޳أ
ǳǱףһ˵Ķδ׶ԿۿžҪɵȴͻȻѪɫӰ֣һٽⳤնϣȻ͸飬˲佫ɱ
ݺȻŸո̤뵽׾磬սȴǼΪֲĻսУûɱеʱûκ˱جΡ
ңݺɲ׺ܹ˽ԣĪ£弴ҪΧΪʱпܳκεط
ףôеϤ
ͷǱ֮źݺ뿪һƳȴԶսУһϤ֮˵Ӱ
Ӱȫſֲ׹⣬ͬһսȻһδ׵ľ磬ȴͷδ׵ı壬Ҳ·磬ԼֲǿȣͷӲţ
׻ʣ
һ֮ǰʥۻ˭˵£׻ʾǴĿ֯УȥĽǿߣֻ֮ǰһ֮һֱûܼ벻ﻹܼ
ȷϤ֮˵Ӱǲ׻ʣԺݺʾһ£ȻúݺصԼУ˲仯ޣϤӰڴйȥ
ʱڣݺɱ˽ʮͷδ׾ıǿߣڵҲϣϰٸͼڣҲȫˡ
սлĵ̫ˣЩֲסλûʲôġ
ܿ죬޵̬ȻϤ֮֮󣬴ʱ˿̣ںͷδ׾ıǿ߶ԿȻӰһδ׵ľ磬ȴѾȫͷδ׵ıѹסˡ
ȫɫ׹⣬Ϥ̫׵ƾ谵Ӱ֮黯ӶԷĹǻǿʾԵʱ
ڣӰʩչ̫ףȵʱѾǿǧٱһ죬ܽնըͷδ׵ıǿ߸޷ߡ
Ҳʱһͷδ׾ıǿߣȻԱٽѾ˺üֲ׶ն˲䵽α


1226 ɨж
Ϥ֮˵ζͷδףѾʹȫͻ͵Ϯûа취ȥֵ
ҲʱһѪɫӰԱߣѪɫӰ裬˲佫Щֲ׶ȫɷ飬һӾͻΣ
ͻȻֵѪɫӰȻԺݺͺݺһֵĻ
ɱ
ݺûκԥֱӾͼʩչֶΣѪ̫ƷѪɫУֱӽͷδױҲɵˡ
һоϤģƺ׻ʵӰÿջͷһۣӰʱ򣬲ɵΪ֮һ㶡
Сֵܣô
˾ֱû취ŵӡ
һ棬ִ˹Ȼ֮ǰͻȻʧ˵׻ʣЩϲ׻ǰȻ㣡
ڿɲʱѽ
һԵĺݺȴЦһ赭дĻӻС֣ѪɫӰϮͷ׻Ƭ
֮ٺúģ
׻ʵΣʱּͺݺĹϵʱҲͷ˲٣Цţȫ׹˸ţתɱ
˵ͷ׻תٴͶսû׷ȥʲôΪڵȷʱ򣬼Ȼ׻ʣôֻҪ˫ô֮еʱ䳩ġ
еıϼţݺʱÿգѾеδɱòˣʣ»ʮͷδףۿͺݺܹûĽͻϮľۼһ
һݺ㲻ֱ̫ܹӶǽ͵Ϯˣ͵Ϯжֻܸһ䡣
ţͺݺȴµļƻźݺȻȥΣδ׵ı嶼СľʱȴͻȻһߵսϣ
׺ںͷĶδײεıţ˫˭Ҳκβ˭ЩĶδףѾǱȺеǿߣͷδ֮⣬ЩĶδ׾ǿսˡ
ݺͻȻȻҪ׺һЩĶδ׸ɵһ׺սųôڳ彫ûκλ·
ݺҲͶԸԸδ׵ļһĶδ׵ǿڣǲʲô취ģںһ֣ȫҪЩĶδףҪҪ׺նɱ
顭Դ壡
ֱͷųԴ֮ĺƺȻ䣬ֱ˸ͷĶδױϣ
һڶóȻҪ¶Щ֪ˣҲûа취飬ΪܹЩ壬¶һʽҲûʲô˵ģ
ȻıԴǳǿᣬܹĶδ׶Ӱ죬Ҫ׽ס̫ˡ
ʱ˿̣ʩչⱾԴֶΣȻֻͷĶδ΢ЩԺûܹ뵽״̬£
лһͷĶδ׵ı壬ų׵ѣıԴ壬侹Ȼû˿ã
ţݺֶҲʩչ˳һѪɫȻȫͨѪý磬ѪĿֲϢŽͷĶδֲ֣ѪȵѪɫҪȫ뵽þȥ
Ͽ˵ã˵˵ֶζЩĶδ׶ɲ̫Ӱ죬ܹɺܴĸá
׺ҪģҲôһ˲ˡ
ոռͺݺֵʱ׺ѾʶҪʲôˣͺݺոճ֣׺ͺԥ׼ʩչɱС
ֻǰʱ䣬һϼƺüɴֵɫ⣬׺ȫƶ𣬱ױȵƻֱӺһͷӰıĶδף
׺һɱУһжƷδ׵ʵʩչҪɱһͷĶδ׾ٵġ
֮ǰֻЩĶδ׺Ҳ׺ɱֻǽ׺סںݺֱ֣ӽδҡ
ΨһͷŵıĶδףûܵԴӰ죬ͬҲûܵݺѪýӰ죬ʱ˿̱˺ü㺮ϣ˱׺ıǰҪֵ
ֻϧƾ֮Եֵס׺ĹƣǺü㺮ϣֱӱǴ׳ɫɱƬȻǵ׳һһͷ־ıϣ
״˲䱬飬ɫ£һӾͳƬױɢɢݵΧʱյС
һͷĶδױ壬ڱ
Ҳ̶ֻһ˲ͷĶδ׶Ѿ˹ȫͺݺǵǿʵҪԸͺݺˣֱһգ۾ܽ˸ɵˣ
׺Ȼлͺݺ֣ñӾǣͻȻһѱǹͻֱ̳ӴһͷĶδ׵ڣȻǰѱǹͷĶδױ̳ɷ飡
߰æ
ݺЩȣűǹ̳ķȥȴһֳɱǹİӳյС
ǿж֮һ׺һһδײεĳǿߣ
ӱںͱһδ׶ԿڷȥǱδﻹڣȻ֪䣬ѾӸɵˣ
ͬǺģӵĺУ͸һɱȱĺĸ͸ǿᡣ
ܴ׺򿪾棬ȴ벻ǱôǿһԽָɵˡ
ǰӣ뵽ǰȴûע⵽ǰ˵Ǻݺ㲻ʲô˵ˡ
ǰӿˣ֮Ψɱ뷨ĶһɶѡӲˡ
ɨ
ӵ˵һ䣬еɱǹٴ趯Ĵɱ⣬ХγǹӰΧ׺ʣͷĶδϮɱȥ
׺ҲûţǰӶǿֶΣɫȫըǹӰһ𣬽ͷĶδ׳׺ɱ
ǿδףڶ˸ԵĶ֣ڳ忪ʼɨж׺ϰ˰æ˵˶ǽǧͷ嶼ȫ顣
ŵͼˣûκαֵܹ׺ǰӵɨֻҪһоܸɵüͷǿߣȻǰ¸طԸ塣
̶һʱ֮УбѾɨɾȻֻʣͷδ׵ıǿߣżǿӲӲš
ţ׺ӻһ˵δףһֶԸδ׵ı壬ܿ㽫˷飬ôǿӲֲֺջǳ׻ҷ𣬶̶ʱڣߵİ˰ٶͷǿߣȻȫ˸ɵˡ


1227 ´
ʱ彮ڴһӱ徲б壬Ȼ˸ɵˡ
֮УʧȴҲСܹʮǿɥд󲿷ֶ׺Ԯ֮ˡ
Ӵ˿Կ˵սȷѰսŹӶҪǿģͬΪһδף˵һδҲѰһδҪǿϲ٣׻ʡ
ңζԸı壬Ȼа˰ٶͷдֻͷЩ廹ƾûʲô̫ǿ֯Ժսֻʱ̣вٱۿѡԱ˴˲ٵʧ
λʱʤˣʱסˡ
꣬Ҳǿ˴˴ж죬ص֮䣬˵ʱһ㶼ܳʱ䣬ʱڣǶ壬϶ǲˣʱ򣬲ս
⻰ٸոʤһ侲
ȷʱܹʱ䣬ʱʧ֮ǰ϶кܾܶģҪ֪ʱĹɲ򵥣˷ѵôܽܣ
ҪǲһЩ˵ǰ飬˭ĵĿұ
껷ܣ˵Щ˻ʶңûϵιֻҪܻͲҵˡ
⻰˵Щȴ㹻ʵ˵Ļġ
ͬ׺֮ǰһݣֱӾͳΪ˵ʱ죬ڣʵԲ׺ģһǿ˵һ죬»׺ҪһЩ
аڿеλǷ˵ѾҪͻƵδ׵ľˣҪڻᣬ˵պ̤뵽ľ硣
ݺԣСĽ˵
Ե˵ͷڸոյսУҲս׺ҪǿһЩǿ˵Ҫɼ츳϶Ƿǳġ
벻ս񣬾ȻܹĴ׺ǰ򣬶൱ѪεĴڣ֮ǰ彮ģ˵ĺʦʳʦʦҲһȼĴڡ
ʦ˵ļ֮ѾѲʹְλ൱˵ĸ߲㣡
˵ڲǵ۾ΪܽӴЩ˵ĲΣΪźݺһԵʣǰʶЩǿߣһ;ҲЩá
˵ǱȽóģμˡ
ڰȷѡ֮ǰͻȻ˵ĳԱʱڴȻ֮ǰͻ֮뿪
ˣ˴˲Ϣ
ԭǸոѾͻ֮͵սѲȥҲʱϢսŵĸ߲֪սǱߣߵ´һµ
صսŸϵΪֹʱսŵϵʱʱ֮ǰλζҪʱסҪʱʧصĻٵĽǱ彮ֱ֣룬赲
´ڳȫɫҲ˿
ս´񣬾ʹǲҪʱ䣬ֻҪסʱˣȻһǺѣѶȴ½˲ֹһ㣬ս´ֻҪôȥͻкܷĽ
ʱʱ䣬סʱһѣǲܣһлÿǱߵжжôѸˡ
ãǱǲһЩ̽ĻǼʱҪ࣬ҪǱǱֱǲսǰҪסʱûôˣ
ʮ飬˲壬;һ·ţ󣡡
򣬵õս´̱֮㿪ʼ
׺Ļʣ°ʮˣָӲҲָЩƾ԰ֻڰſ˵ˡ
ĲãЧԷƽٶȣֶʱЧķǵֻҪסȥʱûҪԷӲӲ
Ҳȥ顣
ʱëԼҪȥ飬ʱú̽һ᲻ʲô֣ϢһѾԳܳʱĻޣȫʲô⡣
ȥɡ
׺Ͱ򶼵˵ͷͬȥ顣
У׺ʵ֪Σգ˵ܹǴһЩϲҲ˵ϾСѾ̫ྪϲˡ
νһǵ۾ս𵽵ȫ΢΢ġ
ȻǻսУͺݺҲȴ֪ǻ޵ֶӵеģΪǺݺԼʵȻֻһԴͶѡ
Ȼ䣬˲һͦ˵Ҳûж˵ʲôˣֱӱһ뿪˴飬ʱĳǰС
ʮ˵ԱҲŸͬҺܿ͸ǺݺԷЩԱټɼˣһǷǳصģвطǿǵ
ʱڴȺУ׻ʵӰȻУһ뿪龹ȻҪȥ飬üͷ
ϸһ룬üͷչ˿ЦһЦ뵽벻СڳɳزһѪһ幫ˡ⵱ҾȣãСӵʵɳ˶𾪵ĵزȻˣøףˡ
ʱ׻ȴ֪Ҳ˼й顣
֮ǰʱ׻ؾΪǴڻʾĲΣǿʾıϽ֡
ôһʱ䲻ô׻ʾȻ˴ˣ
˵ֻһδףٶҲ̫ЩɣҪ֪׿ɲѰһףǴﵽؾҲλסλ׺λҪģ
ʾʱڲŵǵ۾
׻ʣͬǻʾôһ˴ף
ֻһֿܣǾ׻ʵԼʵ
͹ϵ׻ΪʲôҪǰˣǺͿ˵ĳЩйأϧڿһ˽ⶼûУȻҲ²ⲻĶ
Ҫ֪࣬ҴҸ׵飬Ҳֻܵʱ֮󣬳ȥ׻ǰú̸һ̸ˣһ̸ʱ̸ˣȴϵڣҲ֪׻ʵΪλ᲻Ƕ𡭡
ţȻҡҡͷ˼
ڲûлޣֻڰصľƿطϢӰɱӰ
£ϸ֪ĻǺѷټ΢һ£ھƿص£ٵĶδײܹ̽⵽Ĵڡ
ǻ޵Ļδף¶޷̽鵽
ǿΣ


1228 ⷢ
ʱУʩչƿطϳſ彮ͷȥ;̽Χһ״
һ˳ݺİȫʵϺݺǲģֻ
οݺһǣû취ѵĻô£Ҳ޲ġ
Ҳûε̫ãֻ̽һʱһʱе̫˵ԺаϾʱɲôܹģιºܳʱû취ʱˣȻܴλᡣ
ֽ׶Σ֮ǰ̽·ıǿѾȫɱı廹δ뵽ʱУʱЩտ
ⲢʱвΣˡ
ȻǰУʱһ͵Ŀռ䣬ͷڴȽխСռ仹Ƿǳģ֮ǰ˺ͱƾĻսڿⷽĿռнУûеʱĵط
;ǰûʱм䣬ʱıԵǰУԵ̵ܹĸ̫ܵе棬б屻ǲĻڱԵҲܼٱԷֵļʡ
Ѿ̤ʱ˰ɣǰǱȽϿ彮ķˣΣԴӡ
ʱռ΢ͣһŻǼǰоΪʱɱ彮ǱߴӹģԽǿһͷ̫еԽŨ
˵޷̫еʲôһչǲлģǰĻҲܹ̽⵽ĶӶӦӦ
ԣʱıԵǰн
֪ûɳ̽ӣҪǰġ
һûǰ̫ԶͻȻʱıԵ֮⣬һŨ̫еУһĨһĹâ
һĨâƺ̫Ľ壬ͬһˮһĶ̫ΡȻ
ǹâˮȴڲϱ任̬ɫϱ仯ţÿʱÿ̵̬һֶǺ֮ǰݺ˵һֶ̫֮Դ
̫ڵ֮ǰ̫֮Դ̫֮ԴԵʼǲϱ仯ɫڶʱھͻɱΪ̫еѵá
Ҫǣ̫֮Դѽб棬ǷΪŵСУҲڲʱ䣬Ҫõ̫֮Դʵ̫ѵˡ
ݺͶ˵ʱкп̫֮Դȴû뵽ԼȻˡ
ȻˣǾͲܴˣɲððʧʧֱӳȥȡö̫֮ԴҪ֪ö̫֮ԴλʱıԵ֮ģ
ûǣʱıԵ֮⣬޾Ļҵ̫С̤УƾΪȫֻ·һ˵ݺжûκλĿܡ
ԣҪõö̫֮Դһǳѵ顣
ĹŲӰȥ
ֱ۳ʮĹŲӰЩĹŲӰʱԵ֮ȥ֣ܿĹŲӰսӴʱЩ̫ȻֱӾͱûޣһۼûܹʣ£Ҳʧȥ˶ЩĹŲӰĸ֪
ô
üͷ΢壬ȻԤеĽ˼ֵЩȸС
ʩչԼĵͨһͷֳ֣䵶ֱӳʱԵ֮ȥ
ܿ죬ȵ鷢ˣԭΪֻ͸ղŵĻĹŲӰһһȥͱ̫ûΪ޵ģȴû뵽־Ȼܹ̫еƽǰ
򵥵˵̫еУȻԾû̫Ӱ죬ֻȻڲʴž̶֣ȥ֮־ͻᱻ׷
ѾǳĽˣ벻ֻصĹЧ̲ס뵽ͨ
֮ǰͨͲ˵ˣҪǵͨʼҲǰӰ֮飬رڲͬĿʼ˰Ӱ֮飬ܹޣŻǿڵ
ȥĵͨǾ֣֮ǰһֱͨʲôģȴû뵽ʱоȻ˾ֵ֮
Ǿ䵶⣬ڣƺͨһЩȽĻУʱ̫֮У
ʵϣһʼȫûʩչҲֻǳڱգҪһ£еĻҲ׼ַȥȡ̫֮ԴŪֵġֻǣ벻Ѿ˽չ
ϧǣܹľ֣޷ö̫֮Դλã
ʱ䣬ܹ̫ǰʮɾ룬ö̫֮ԴȴλʱԵ֮Ķʮɵλã
ɾͰѵˣ۳֣һģֻǰʮɾͱ̫гû
˸ֶַΣ׵ȵȣҪþֶһʱ䣬ȴ޷˾ֱ֮⣬һ̫Уͻ̱޷þֶּһգ۵ʱ䡣
ѵû취ˣһ¾ֵǿȲǸ취ھֻͨǻʵܹͨΪ۵ܹͨõö̫֮Դˡ
ţȴûҪû㹻Ĵ֮մ֮
֮ǰսʱ򣬵ǴЩϵõ˲ٴ֮ȴδЩ֮ϣǶ˺ݺ
Щ֮˵һܹʱڴвǿߣϣҲдŲٴ֮ȫ˵Ļǵ۾Ҳǲܵ飡
һþΪ۵ͨʱ򣬻ֱܹȡö̫֮Դˣ
ʱڴŻ˰ʱ䣬ٻȥһصĻһʱ䣬ʱ˵㲻ʲô
ˣȻȥһ磬̫֮Դ̫ҪˣԲܹ
ţֱӾ˾Ͼڱս־û̫Ӱ죬רעܹԼϣӷ棬ؼǷҲӰ쵽ֻ֣˳ˡ
ǣ֮ⷢ󣬿ʼת۷ʱڴ׼ȥݺȡ֮ǰõһЩ֮취õഴ֮һ³̵ǵ۾Ϊ
ʱ䣬ؼľʱ䣬ҪȡһпܣԼڱĴ֮ǰö̫֮Դõ֣


1229 ǵ۾
֪嵽ʲôʱǲǿ߽뵽ʱȷǣǿߵʱ϶̫á
ȡһʱ䣬ٶȣʩչܹ֮ͨʱжʩչմԽֶΣһζγǰ˲ƹȥѰ޸ġ
ȷԼĺͨ϶Ǿг˵ڣ
Ӱ֮Ͳ˵ˣܹޣڲǵ۾ΪܹѰؾǿߵĸ֪ǵ̤ؾôûܹټ
ŵľ֣ԴȥܶѰ޷ĵطʱıԵ֮⣬Ƭ̫еУ
ľ֮ǿۺֻУһ·˲䴩·޷ÿռĵĵطҲܹʵֿռ˲ơ
ͨĲƸҲǱҲ޷ߵĲƸ
˰ʱ䣬ڻصʱڴ׺ݺȻԴŸλ
Уϰ˵ǿߣ;÷壬ᱻЩ巨סЩ岼õԽ࣬Խܹӱʱ䣬˵ʧ
ûȥ뵽ĲУֱӻص˺ݺԡ
ʱݺں׺һս˼Щţ׷׳ʵСֵôˣѵǱˣ
ɲǲţ£֣ô˿϶ǵֵסģǿɲĻϢ
ȴǰ˰֣ЦЦǣǻе˽£ҸоҾǵ۾ԶˣһͻƵģݺЩ֮ﻹ𣿡
֮ǰսУЩϵõ˲ٴ֮Сأ㿴Щͻ𣿡
ݺĻǰһôʱȥˣҪͻƾˣǲװ
źݺ㽫뵽СУЩ֮ȫչǰ
ôഴ֮ûһǴﵽ񼶵ģȻȫֻǻʯĴ֮˵вһƷͶƷĴڣһ𣬻ȲһƷĴ֮á
ЩʧƾЩ֮ĻȻǲ㹻ͻƵǵ۾ģ취
Щ֮ɣΪ취ˣҪͻƿ϶ʲôɡʧģĺˡ
ݺЦ˵ôһ䣬ȻͶ뿪С磬ȥ硣
϶ȥҪһЩ֮ֻ֪ȥ˭ҪôǷɣ
ƽʱԸһЩͻƣҲԸúݺȥǷ飬ڹϵϡе̫֮Դͻƣͺ̫֮Դ״ˣ
ԣҧҧûж룬ֱӾͰպݺ˵ģСпʼЩʯĴ֮
ȻЩ֮ﲢ̺̫Ĵ֮ͻƾ绹ܹвٴٽãеЧܹд֮ȫգһ˿һ˷ѡ
еƲУԭϵľӡǾӡܹҩ֮ĴеȵȫմȻṩգһ㶼˷ѣѰ˵ĵط˶Ҫ࣡
Ҳͬˡ
Ƕڴ֮ҲܹеĴ֮ȫգӶһ㶼˷ѵ͵ա
Ѱߣմ֮еĴ֮Ҳȫյģ츳õľݺţҲֻܹ߳ɴ֮еĴ֮
ȴܹƾнȫգ
ʼղ϶еԭ֮󣬾ӡǵɱɣܹߵһĸ
ҪȻĻȻֻϵһѰޣô뿪Ľ磬ḻʣС
ͻưɣ
ͨУȫЩ֮еĴ֮ҧأЩ֮ȫۼԼĵ︽뵽˵֮ͨС
ĵͨǾ֣гֳһڵӰӣֳ䵶Եɭ죬͸ɱɭȻϢ
Ĵ֮ϱսڵӰϣȻǿϢǿȣɭȻϢҲ𽥱ԽԽŨ
ûãѾݺõЩ֮ȫոɾˣдֵ֮֮ͨգȴûܹͻơ
Ȼ
һЩϧӣһ̣ݺĽӰȴͻȻǰȻǵõ˸Ĵ֮
ܵܣЩ֮Ӧ㹻ͻƵǵ۾˰ɣļ񼶴֮ƷƷģ̺Ĵ֮֮ǰѪɳõĽҪ٣
ݺΪϲ˵ţ֮ݸļ񼶴֮һȻǼ亱ĵƷ֮
ƷĴ֮׺ǰҵģҲ²⣬Ҫͻƾ磬϶ΪҪͻˡ
ݺЦ˵
ûпӹ֮΢΢һЦлˣʵǷһö̫֮ԴܹͻƵǵ۾Ӧþܹ̫֮Դõ֡
ԭˣ
ݺԣʱǰһ̫֮Դ֮ȷǲݴϽͻưɣһȵҪжɾûôˡ
š
˵ͷȻ֪Ҫʡʱľˡ
̺֮ŨĴ֮ر׺ṩǼƷ֮һܲ۵ʯͷʯͷȴתŴ֮ҫ۹ԣԭͨʯͷ֮͵Ĳ֮
ļ񼶵Ĵ֮δգȽһ£ֻҪƷĴ֮еĴܹ֮ͻƵǵ۾ˣΪĴ֮У̺Ĵ֮ʵ̫ŨˣȻʯĴ֮ҪŨǧٱ
ң׺ʯͷǵƷĴ֮ڵĴ֮УҲǰеĶˡ
׺Ҳ֪ҪҴùϵ˵Ҫύݺ
۾һͷֽܿ׵ԺΪ׺ô룬ڶʾãѾˡ
ڣͺݺҲǷֲһˣĻύݺҲ͵ͬڽύˡ

ȥһʱ䣬ȫǵƷ֮еĴ֮ŨĴ֮ȫ˵֮ͨҲھӰ֮ϣʹϢԽԽɭ
ǼƷ֮еĴ֮ȫյʱ򣬾֮ͨڲ˺Եı仯


1230 뻢
ֵ֮ͨڻʵͨʱһڵ̬һֱֳ䵶ӡ
ڣ㹻Ĵ֮Ϊʼǵ۾ֵ֮ͨҲ𽥱ð͸
ԭڵľ壬Ȼ˰͸̬ŵ䵶Ҳ·ޣȫ˰͸ɫͺһһ̬ϾȻ˱仯
ЩϲΪ뵽֮ǰʱԵ֮
ȫڵľ֣߳ʱʮɵľ룬ôڰ͸ļ޵ľ֣ʱֶ֮ã
Դ˵ȻǺ棬ֻҪڵľܹ֮ǰıʱ䣬ܹ̫֮ԴŪˣϾҪ߳ʮɾ֮⣬Ҫõ̫֮ԴܹҪʱ̫ǰʮɵľ롣
ʱԼΪ仯ûʱȥоˣִӻʵͨΪ۵ͨʱֱӾͳ˺ݺС磬ȻһӰþƿطԼϢʱ˽ȥ
ӰԾƿطĶڳ֮˶ûܹ֣Ҳֻ׺ȶǿߣһӰԱһ
ƾڰصľƿطܱܿĶδµǿ̽⣬Ķδ׼ϵǿߣɾû취ˡ
ڣҲȥЩĶδ׼ϵ˿˳Աޣ뿪ȥʱû˻
Сӡ
뿪׺ͺݺ˶ЦһЦͬǣݺǻһЦΪ֪żҪȥʲô
׺ˣȻ֪ʲô֮ǰֺǲѾ˶˲ӡڸܵȻΪеˡ

֮ǰ̫֮Դĵطǰ;ֿ˵õķ壬ѾԽԽʱȥˣ¹˶ʱ䣬ʱн鲼ǲó󷨣
ЩķģֻиܵϢʱ򣬲Ż뵽״̬ҪȻĻû취˳ͨƬˡ
ô壬Ǳսŵһˣʱʱ䣬Ҳǲܡ
ţһǰУһ߸Լı仯
ڴǵ۾ǵ۾ı仯Ȼͨı仯ֱ˰͸̬Ҳ֪ʲôµĹܡ
֮⣬ȫµĻҲһ࣬Щõһۺʵǿ˲١
˵֮ǰǵ۾εԸ֮ǰԪεǿߣҪþ۵ͨĻôڵƾԼܹԪ鸽СӸ׸ɵˡ
Ȼֻһ磬ĿǷǳı仯ʵӲһΡ
˵ܹ̤뵽ؾĻʵܹﵽʲôĵز
һ㣬ԼڴݺѪˣҲǺڴģֻǾ̤ؾ»ҪٵʱС
һʱ䣬һֱźݺжȫؾײεǿߣǵзѷԶԶεĴڣЩܸС
ڣһ;һԼʵһһģȥ˶ͲҪĽ˴׵ΪˣΪܹܿʹ׾ǿԿ
ˡ
ܿ죬֮ǰ̫֮Դĵطʱȴʧķԭ̫֮ԴǸطȻѾȫģ
ԭ̫֮ԴѾݱ̫еΧںһҲֱ˴ˡ
̶ʱڣ̫֮ԴȻѾݱ̫֮ڣ
Ŀɿڴ
ҵүֲö˵̫֮ԴԵõԭݱ̫еȻֻҪô̵ʱ䣡
ĸпҲ֪ԭΪ̫֮ԴոյΧȫ̫еУ׾ͻᱻЩиͬںˡ
ܹ̫֮ԴȡһƬŵĵطôӻתΪ̫ʱ䣬ӳʱ䡣
̫֮ԴھĽУھĽû̫ͬӦ̫֮ܽԴʱ䡣
ڣƻȴˣû뵽̫еУ̫֮ԴȻݱô졣
̫ϧˡ
ҡҡͷȴûطᣬֻΪӰʩչ˾ƿطʱһͷȥ
Ȼ̫֮Դûˣ͵ûع鵽ԭƻϣǾ̽ǱߵĶ;ǿʱıԵǰҪǼ̫֮ԴͿˡ
ڳ֮ǰ۳һ֣߶뿪ʱǰԵ֮⣬̫ееС
Σ۵ͨûʧ͸ľ֣Ȼ̶ܹܴϽ̫еӵȻܹ̫мǰһɣ
һֻҪ̫֮ԴʱԵʮ֮ڣҾͿԽֱȡʮ֮⣬̫ûң̫֮ԴҲǲڵˡ
ţûмо֣Ǽǰˡ
֮ǰһʮԱҲ֪Ѿ˺δǷֲǵټҲö롣
ǰѾķ֮ʱĳȣǰʱٴοʼխСӦǿҪ彮ͷĳˡ
һֱû̽⵽κһͷϢ·ʱѾû˱壬Ҳʱӡ
ȴ֪ܣ
ޣ
Ϊ˱ɲҴˣֱӻΪޣʱУϢǰţʱıԵ𽥿ͷڡ
ܿ죬Ƿһ״ǰȽխСʱУвؾıǿߣڵѲţͨؾ壬һЩ׾ı壬Ҳֻһδ׻߶δףǷֲ˻޵ټġ
һȺѲУһץޣޣӵһδ׵ΪϳǾǸһʮԱ֮һԿ˵龫Ӣ
Ȼץסһ˻ڣǼһﵹҲȻֱѡԱֻûԱɹ
ޱץס֮ԱˣȴûгԱǱǿץסֹԱΪסһӦǱǱҪ֪Щʲô


1231 Ӫж
֣˼
Ȼûܾȳ𣿡
ʶĿʼ˼һߣļΪ侲ԮԼΣյĻ϶ΧһۣȴΧһĶδϵı嶼ûУ
ȻǲųĶδϵı嶼ϸһ£ԷǿڵĻαҪأ
Զʱڿ彮ĳڣҪǱ߹ȥ׾ٱܳɹǰ彮֮Уûκ塣
˵׺ǿߣ֮ǰӽεİƴʦȵȣһǰ彮Ҳֻ·һġ
˵ϵĻǿԿﱬĻǲܰʱըˣ
ʱһͷĳڣ̲ס뵽վҡҡͷһϣ˾Ҳȥðա
Ҫ֪кܶ˵ĳԱݺ׺ȫʱУһ˭֪ʱı仯
˵пܴƱļƻһʧҲԳܵġ
ҡҡͷǴֲʵʵͷô˵黹һ嶼ûС
ȽǲҪӪжҪ˼飬˵ǸĿޣȫײˣҲΪԷðգܼĻ¶ԷҲаһ׵顣
ؼӪжķϵ
ûĶδףûδףûиǿĴڣܣ޵Ļ岻ҵõңֻǣǼһڿЩ־壬뽫磬Ҳ֪᲻ֿ
Щơ
ǱץסޣоǼһԱɹ֮ЩѣȥȶԷʱ򣬶Էܾ磬ǿɾͱˡ
գûô뵽ȥҲûʲôʱ˼ȥˣΪЩѾڽ޴ߣܿҪʱǰ彮С
һɾûκܹȵˣǿ߹
Ȼûʲôգˣж
ܿҧ˾ޱץסĵطǰȥޣΧЩѲߵıûһͷܹټ
ϾƿطЧЩǿıʶ֪ܸ֪õǶ֮
ǣȲ֪ڵ£Ƕ֮Ҳ޴ݣֻ֮ǲпԵĶ֮
ҪģϾݺߣ֮û̫ǿĵֻֿڵ֮󾡿뿪öԷϢҲҪһʱ䣬֮ǰԶԶ뿪
ͷĴǿߣֱԱߣѺͷޣԵñȽУǾ￿彮ˣʲôǿɡ
һ̣Ѿԣʱ׼жˡ
׼ֵһɲǣڲԶʱڴͻȻ˸һռĹâȻʱʱ
ֻһֱۣӱŵûɢֻʱı壬Ȼһ뻮һ׾ţǧͷ壬ȫ޾ɱ⣬һͱ֮ǰЩƾҪǿ
⻹ؼģµǣǧͷǰ׾ŵģȻһͷδ׾ıǿߣϢȰ׺˸ǿпǳԽδ׵Ĵڣ
Ĵڳ֣϶һ۾ܲĴˣĵط
ûκԥֱ֮ǱץסްԽԼУ
ҲպʱǱ峬ǿ׾ʱѺ޵ǼͷЩжǳ˳
ǿ־ޣҲûκԥֱ˳ƵУϳݣ֪ġ
ߣ
֮ûκԥֱӻޣŷгȥҪΣյ
ûδϵĴڶԿ֪Էжǿ֪жôֻ֪һգʱ䣬ᱻԷ˺ɷ飡
˿ỳɣ뵽ЩУʲô³Ȼ㵽һϻиʥвһ¶ԷЧξͲö֪ˣԲ򲻵ѵ£ԲԸֵ֮ġ
תܣޣһþǿ߶ʧټΨͷ׾ŵı峬ǿߣܹڣ
ޣǰУȻ쵽һ󼫺ϮŵûɢȻͷ峬ǿ߲ûҪŹĴ㣡
Ա峬ǿߣпδ׵Ĵ׷ɱûκȥĿԣΨһ뵽İ취ƾֳһǰʱԵ֮ˡ
Ƭ̫УǱ峬ǿ߿϶Ҳ׷ˣϾǼһ϶Ầ׷ĻʱһЩǿɾͲˣҪ֪ʱǱ廨ѺܴŴûҪΪһǵ۾ȥðա
ܵͬһϮûκ˼ʱ䣬ʶĹٻһͷ֣ȻԼޣֱӴ뵽˾ֵڣ
ȻͷһӾͳʱ뵽ʱԵ̫֮еУ
òԶı峬ǿȻûм׷
ؾǿߣѾ߿ʼᣬǧ˵׾֮󣬻иıǿ֣߳óα彮ľٶǾ˼ǵģԶԶ

ʱȴǴˮȵС
峬ǿߴ׾ų֣Ȼ𾪣ҪڻȥϢ߰׺ˣϧǣѱ״̬Ҫȥޱȼѣ
Ũ̫УھֵڲϳͷǰУһͷҪȻ϶ǱǱ峬ǿһ
ȻƬ̫Уǵ۵֣ͨҲû취ֶãֻǰһɵľ룡
ǣܿͷ֣̫У޷ƾǰķ̫ʵ̫ǿˣرǺܿԶʱԵΧ̫ӻң
ոΪ˶ܱ峬ǿߵɱУһӳ̫Զľ룬뿪ʱԵѾһɣ̫мΪңֲʴţٹãֱ̫᳹еУʱ³ҲͿˡ


1232 ֮
ʱıԵ֮⣬һӾ뵽صΣ֮УҪǣ״̬½ûκܹȵ
ǰӰ׺ݺκûпܽ޷ҵڵλãΪѾ뵽ʱ̫֮С
ʱУĹѾûʲô̫ϵˣڵٵΣǱȱöģʱ
ܿ죬Ǹ־ڱЩ̫ɵûа취ֻʱʩչ˰Ӱ֮飬԰Ӱ֮ģΧ̫е
Ӱܹ֮֮ͨǰĹЧܹαװڣ黹ǸԳαװûκηֱ𣬴ӶضĻˮĽж
̫е֮ǰҲѾðӰ֮鳢ģˣǿʾԵʱƾʽȥ׻ʵɱС
ֻʱʩչһУðӰ֮ģ̫׵ķǳ޴󣬶ڣģΪЩ̫УĶڵ˵ҲǿԳܵģϾȵǿ̫࣬ڴ֮ǰ˰ٱ
΢һ£ƾ谵Ӱ֮ģΪ̫емһʱ䣬ȥôͺˡ
ΪȻģΪ̫е˵ȫ뵽ΧУǣ״̬µжҲ˵ֻܹ̫沨ûа취뿪Ƭ
ңصʱУԵĿǳǧıؾǿߣĻһ·һ
ȥУֱǱɰðӰ֮ģαװ̫еվ̫ˣҪܹƬܳһʱ׼Ļõİ취ƾˣ
ҧأʺԼڵľȡ˰Ӱ̫֮ģ⣬Ȼٻһͷ֣
ٻ֣˵ֻǾţһëȻȴܹ̫мֺܳһʱ䣬˵þֵͷĻȶðӰ֮һٱʱ䡣
һȥĸҲһٱȻҪȥĿԻ΢΢ٱ֮ǰǿ˲١
Ƭ̫УƯ˴һʱ֮Ѿٻ֣滻
ʱϲķ־ԼǰԶȻһö̫֮Դ𽥵
һö͸ĹߣһƬ̫еУȻ𽥱ŸֲͬɫȻǸոյ̫֮Դ
̫֮Դλãʮɵľ룬պñ֣ôõĻᣬɲֱӾٻһͷ֣̫֮ԴڵĵطѵĿȥ
ڱȽƽ򣬾̫ǰһɵľ룬ط̫зǳңƴȫҲֻǿǰʮɵľˣ
ԣǽߵ̫֮ԴҪõҲףֻͬʱٻͷ֣һͷǰ̫֮ԴڴһͷҲ̫֮Դڴӽȥ
ڸٻͷֵĴ֮ɹĴö̫֮ԴһǸոյ̫֮ԴΪȫûתΪ̫У
̫ˡ
ǰһֱӽö̫֮Դ뵽ԼľĽ統ȥΪĽһƬţʺ̫֮Դı档
յ̫֮Դܹʱ䣬ȻǰҪܹ뿪ƬҪȻöûá
һл̤뵽ؾһҪҸ̵ĲϣԼСӡǣһΣվͿֱӶСС
š
۵С磬ԭӡǿ϶ҲǷǳ̵ģֻΪ֮СӡܵԳܵĴղԴ̬õ
ҪȻĻ̶ֳȵֻ̫Ҫ۵Соһʧˡ
Ȼɲ֪֮ǰĽ֮Уһ⵽ƻΪԱγɵʱ£ɲĽȫƻ
ܺãõһö̫֮Դɼط̫֮ԴȷǺܳģֻѰҪõ̫ˣǿԳԶռһЩ
۾ţܿȴʧҡҡͷΪָոΪ˵õߵ̫֮ԴĵԼڰٷ֮һٻͷֽнŵõö̫֮Դ
´γֵ̫֮ԴԶһЩĻĵɱ
£ֻҪΣȫľ޷ٻӻԼʱֻ·һˡ
ô죿
ΪܹܵĻֻʹǼ̫֮Դ֣ҲǰȥȡˣҪȻпԼ
ȻһֻҪǿԼʮ֮ڵ̫֮ԴǻҪȡһµġ
ͬʱ߶ӻԼľ֣ǿĻĳʱǰУȻرѣٶرôܹϣֻҪܹصʱܹȥĿܡ

̫ŵʱʱеĴսѾһ
ͷδ׵ı峬ǿߣͷؾεı壬ͳ˧׾ţʱһͷ
;п֮ǰúõ巨󱬷ȴֻǸЩ׾ŵıǿߴЩ΢鷳ѣǲǰеĽŲ
Щǿ߶սţ֮ǰֱƾǰʱǱսƣɹ˿أ໥ܹмѸٵԮȷܹӳǿս
£һЩǿó壬ҲԶԱ׾ЧɱˣܹŪһͷͷȫû취赲ԷǰŲ
Ȼ΢һ»ǿԵģҪ֪ߵսŸ˺׺´ҪǼʱ
´һֱǲ壬Ȼ峬ǿ׾ʱһŲһʱʱ䡣
Ҳ˵˵İ׺˱ڣֵ׾ʱĽ
֮ǰ壬ܹӶԷʱʱ䣬ԷܹʱУ彮ߵλá
һʱҪβֵܹס
ǰı嶯Ѿȫﵽ˰׺˵ĶУ˵ɫ÷ǳѿ
Ȼδ׾ţѰˣ
˶ͷ


1233 ǣ
峬ǿ׾ţ𽥳׺˱ƽһ֮ǰóƳ
У׾żûܵʲôʧҲֻмȽǿ壬һЩ壬нٱɱܹҲֻɵ˱Ǳ߲һٵ
֣Է˵ֱǾţһëȫ㲻ʲôȵʱ󣬱׾Ƴʱսһı׾ţ
ʱڣܹЩʲô
ֻ˳ȥǣˣӶãȥǣƵֵܣҪûôˡ
׺һۣ˶Էеء
Ҫʱ䣬ֻ˳ȥǣƣȥǣƵ˼ֻ·һûκλ·ߣΪҪԵĿͷؾıǿߣ
ЩؾıǿУдײεĴڣһλףһҲɵĽһѰ׸ɵ
ο׾УвٶӳСӳȵȣҲϰףȫǶδסĶδ׵ǿڡ
ǣǣƵĻǶְֻܼʱȶԷ׾Ŵѹô˿϶ֻ·һˡ
ԣǣƵѡͺҪˣʵΣҪԸ
һ׺ЩУͺܹҵóˣΪҶսŹӶ˭Ըǰ
ָֻǱĿˣû׺ͰʧڿУвԸȥǣǱ׾ŵģȻҪΪ˸ԼЩһҲ岻ݴǡ
Ϊ˵ĳԱ־Ϊᶨˣ׻ʣȻ׻ڻЩǣңûվûǣҵˣվҲ顣
Կв˵ǵѾ׸ˣǿ塢ĴУ
ڿĹȥҲǱȽҫˣοشҪûսᵼ±ƻɹ»ἫΪء
ο²ǰǣƣҲֻ·һԼȥȡ˵һ߻ᣡ
ǣѡܹʮˣʮվ˳һδ׵δ׶Уõڳ˵ء
֮ǰȥʮֵܣλСֵܣֻˣڶûг֣׶༪٣жѾˡ
δ׵ǿߣ˵ţ˫Ŀ֮иֳ֮ɫһҵܣΨһˣȻزˣҲûҪϣɱģȻǱЩɫұҪΪ𣡡
⻰˵˶ܵһֱ׳ա
رǺ󷽵ĺݺϸǺܲãʵϴӸոտʼݺɫͺܲˣΪһֱûлǰʱȴѾ׾Ÿȫռˡ
ǱץˣѾˣúݺķǳǺͽţκ⣬ڿûлĿԼ
û뵽СӸոǵ۾п˲⡭úݺúܲãǰЩ˵׼ȥԼǣƱ壬û̫ע⡣
Զ׻ʣע⵽ߺݺı顣
׻ʵȻѾ֪Ѫһ幫ݺˣݺ϶ڵûл
£ǻǷıȽϺãСӿһֱܹ漣أ룬ô׾ȥġ
׻ݺο˵
ݺһ˫еɫЩģʶĵ˵ͷҲ֪һֱ˳Ծڵ¡׾Ŵѹ񾳽ǿߣҪȻôܻŻ
˵ҪЩĲа
׻ԣҲǺܵͳȴԵÿֹۣЦŵȻҲǺ뿪Ľ磬֮Щʲô빫Ҳ룬һֱ϶Ѱ˿ɣ
׻ɲǲ²⣬ǿȷ飬Ϊʲô˼飬ôѪһ幫עԸΪŮˣ
һ׻⻰ݺһ㶡
ոǻڵͨڲˣ£ûκοܻ׻ʵһȴ˺ݺ
һˣ
˵ݺҲ벻ʲô취״»Żûа취ĻǾͲˣ
ݺ̲ס˴ǰһУô飬һõˣ
ռֱӸһ£һֱ۶ն֮ʲô鶼ûУƺõ˽
Ȼһ֤ѪɳУһ˶Ը߳ĻǿߣȻǻǿֱӸɵҲʱ̫Ӷĳޡ
žԼս̫ӣ䶷̫նɱúݺо𾪣ҶȤĿʼ
飬ʥĹͰطˣʥĹУݺϣõ˲ٺôΪǿ츳ʱ˵ص׻ܹõʥĹеر߲ʾۣ
ȻڰϣǺݺͶʱΪڰϣΪֵ˺ܶѹ಻ɵ顣
˵ģǧǿΧ°ȻɹȵѪ˵Ȼ˼λѲʹļ֤£ԼսĴһţ̻ţлһԪ鸽ĳţ
ֱ֮Ӿŵý̫ӲٹƣҪ֪̫ӿŰƣ˵ǰδ
֮ǰһ飬һѰܹõģΨ赭дĽúݺִʵǿһ
Ҳԡ
ݺ΢𣬷һĨ˵Цݣûж̫ˣΪѾͨˣĸʻǲСģȻ֪Ҫܻš
ΣĻزˣڵҲûʲôãൽʱ׾ͬھˡ
ݺ׻ʣ飬ԶʮǰǣƵĴߣڴ˵ڴˡ
ʮ׾ǿߣȫǿ˵ĳԱһδ׵δ׶УߣҲߡ
ʮװԤǣǲԼʱ򣬶ȻܸǱ׾Ŵȥܴ鷳


1234 ̫¯
ڰ׺ǣжļƻʱȴȻʱ̫֮š
֮ǰǷصʱԵոտʱԵ͸оһŨıϢڱԵ֮ڣ֪⸽ʱѾȫռˣڳȥĻ·һ
ǣҪֱӳʱ彮ͷǰĻѶҲʵ̫ˣ޵ĿԼֵʱڣǺ޿ġ
ô˵ֻϣʱڣǱ׾Żˣǳ밡
ҧ̲ס뵽
Źһ£ԼƬ̫Уܹʱʱ䣬뿪صȫĵطĻôȵսŵʱѾˡ
ʱɳɶ̣ÿʹԼȫ沨Ļֵܼ´ʱ֮
Ļ˭Ҳ֪Ưʲôطȥô˵ͣڿʱĵطʱ̣ܹѡʱУζһȥĿܡ
֮⣬᲻취
ɲɵţԼٻľֵıӻȻ̫еУ뵽Щ̫֮УǷʲô·
Ƕ̫˽⣬УǱҾĴǰ֪ɣ
뵽˸ո֮ǰ±ԼеһδޣȻû˷ʱ䣬ֱ׼ȥн
ͻصԼУȻҵޣʱûע⵽ȴ޾ȻһŮӣ
ŮӣȻǿ˵ĳԱ֮һһͷޣʱ˿̻ûΣˡ
֮ǰļץס˵ʱûɱȴҲǱԷˣ󲿷ֶ޷ˣھųҲǲκ뿪Ʒ̫еġ
οѰĴףһƬֻ·һ˵ܵ˵ġ
ȻȻΪԼ뿪ֻҪѯһЩѣӦ̫еУԽֻннˡ
ǰ
еʶСǰŮǰĴ
ǰޱڱĿˣⷬʺ򣬱˫Ŀ峺һеɫ΢΢һЦλСֵϵ˫εսʶɣλǶлˣҪȻҿѾ˱ˡ
Ȳ˵ллϾǻûա
СЩƣȻ󴫳ʵ˵ǣڴ൱ã˵ڶʱ̫֮ˣֻܼʱͻֲסˡ
ʲô
ǰŮԶʱ󾪣ԭΪԼ϶а취뿪ӪΧصԼǱȥģȴû뵽ǾȻ뵽εľأ
Ҫǣʱ֮Ƭ̫УǾȻû
ðŮΪȵġ
˵˵ô𣿶ʱΧ֮⣬ôܻţλСֵܣʲô취ֵط
ŮӼֱţ֮ǰɴδ˵ʱ֮дģУҲ񾳽ĳǿߣǵ۾
Ҳע⵽ˣΪ֮ǰǵ۾ǵ۾Ҳ޷Ȼʱ֮
н֮ǰ飬ŮӣҪǸովδ׵ı峬ǿ׾ų֣ȻǱ׷ɱʱ̫֮С
һбȽͨǿطֻܼʱʱ䣬ڼѾõһö̫֮Դȵȡ
ȵȣ˵Ѿõ̫֮Դ
ðŮЩȣӢüͷһҸоСϣ̺źǿϧƷ̫ˡҪ̫֮Դȫû˰
ô˵
СԴ˷ǳȤȻҲһ㣬ΪƺŮ֪֪ܶĶҺܹСƷ
ԭ֪ҪеƷҪ֮һҪõ̫֮ԴҪһǿʦæ
ڣƺŮܹƾ̫֮ԴеƷ
ѵǰһʦ
СЩ˷ܣŮǸʦôھеƷˣ˵һЩµĹܣ
ǡ
ȻԷȴСʧˡ
ýǰˣҵǧǧͺá
ǰŮӽЦȻҲʦ£Ҳа취ƷõģȻֻ˵һţʵǲ˲
˵
СԴȤȻ
ʱ̫֮֮Դ֮أк̫ܶ¯Ĵڣ̫¯У㹻̫֮ԴܹѰսΪһ̫Ʒģ
Ůǧδθڣֱ˵˵˵ֻһţӦȷ£ֻǲ֪Ҫβҵ̫¯ˣܹҵ㹻̫֮Դ̫¯˵ǿٰٱһ˵ܹ뿪ط
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СϢЩϲ⣬⻹֮ϲ
ֻ뽫޾սѾˣҪѰҵ̫¯ȻܹΪ̫Ʒ
Ϊϲˣ˵ǧʾֻǸţŶȻͦߵģһɹʵǾ޴ģ
̫Ʒ⣬ʲôط
µһ䡣
̫¯֮ڣֻеʶսԭ̫Ʒܹ룬ҪѰսУᱻе̫˺ɷ顣
ǧЦУһλˣӵһ̫ƷһʼʶĴڣӵֶΣ
ԭһλĴţֲǧ֪ô࣬Ȼ˵Ļ⴫ŵĿŶ˲١
ģǧǰʲô˽ⲻɣ
뵽ǧĻУᵽģ̲סһ䡣
ģڸ̬ĿռУӽ̫еˮ֮ģһɱ䣬̫еˮ֮ͬʱ߱ʱ֮˵ʲôܽǰȫͻصʱضλõĻҲֻ̫еˮ֮ˡ
ǧ̾˿˵Ȼֻʣʱʱ䣬Ҫҵ̫¯ҵʮö̫֮Դʵ̫ˡ


1235 
жѣһҪԣûİ취ҺͶС˵һѵõĻᡣ
̾˾ҪʼѰ̫¯
Ļ˵Ƿǳѵõģʱͷǳ˵񾳽ǿ֣߳пܳɹÿγֳʱ䶼ᳬ졣
Σӵеƣͨʱ֮жı£Ͽ˵һģЩεǿߣ̫еУ⡣
ԣôʱʱ䣬ҿ̫¯ĻҲʵ̫ϧЩ
ǧĺϢȻֹ
⣬ӵеʱ䣬ʱʱȥڵ죡ֻҪʱڣͿﲻϼȥ
ǧЦЦҿֻܼʱΪˣҸպһط޶ȵĽ䣬Խڵڣһֶþֶܼˡ
⻰СʱһȫΪϲ
û뵽ǧȻطҪ֪ǧһһδ׾ǿߣ˵ǧĻǿϰٱ
Ҳʹţǧڵǳϰٱģ࣬Щֻһ뵽ڣֱ̫Ӽֳʱˣ
ʱ䣬ʱڵʱ䣬ʱδɹҵ̫¯ҲͿֱӷˣΪʱٲ뿪Ļֻ·һˡ
ĻǵĻʹöˣҿԵȵʱдսʼٰ֮ȫ뿪ӵǧǰһ֧ţڵͲ
ϲ˵
طõõҲߣأѾֻܹڴĹУʧɵ
ǧЦ˵⣬ҲȽϿ̣˫ԶԷβСȻҶΣϾӱоңǲ֪ԸԸˡ
ûκɺҡ
ԣۻĵģǧվͬһߣĻǧԼҲˣǧԼʲôͼ
ǧˣӢٴ¶Цݣ˵ûкκɣȴҲû뵽ܹôôɴ
ǧһЩˣѾ˵ġ
׼ɣȻȽǿֻ䣬ֻҪֵʱʧ˰ɣ˵ûʲôѹ
ǧ˵
ãɡ
ԣ˵ͷ
ǵһ飬Դ˻ЩڴģڱŽھֱӻ£޶ȵ׼
ǧԴ˻ЩѹģҪԼһСĴ̫ű
ȻʵϣܱűΪнϵһԼܲסԷ䣬ҲֱתƵȥܹܵǿȣҪˡ
ܿ죬͸ܵһ˿˿𽥴Լг֣𽥳Լ硣
ǱǧֱӴе绹С磬ԳЩҪȽϽģ̫죬пܽгűˡ
ȻǧСĴǰ£ܻ鷢
ܿ죬͸оԼгĳǴǧڴУȴ漣תΪһ
ֻҪЩڵУ΢תһ£ܹתΪϤľ
ǧյطܹ֮תʵĻҪû취˽õİɡ
õǧ䣬ʱıһͷһͷֱٻȻʼ̫еУжѰ
˵Ƚϱ׾ھڲܹƬڻǰУôõݽߵˣһʯ
ѰңǸḶ́õǣѰҹУһöһö̫֮Դھϰ֮ĵط⣬һ̫֮ԴֱӾͻѡȥȡ
ʱ򣬲ߵһ룬̫֮Դͳת̫е̫֮Դʱ֮ϻ̫֮ԴҲԽԽࡣ
Щ̫֮Դ缫亱Ĺ屦뿪õ۵Ļÿһö̫֮Դ˵޼۵ģֵԲһ߲ʾ۵ļ۸
Ͼ̫֮ԴѵþˣҪֻܱ죬͸ֵͺ̶ȣ񾳽ǿߣпܳЩ̫֮Դ
ڣ̫еУϵռ亱̫֮Դ൱ֻȴʼûиܵκһ˿̫¯Ӱӡ
̫¯ʲôطǧ֪ˣϾ̫¯ǸţǰҲֻλ񾳽ǿ߼ҪôҵĻҲֻǸˡ
ʱ䣬ֻϣüҵ̫¯ʱУ׺ͺݺǱߣҾû취ȥˣؾǿ߲սҲ𲻵κãרԼͺá
뵽˺ݺԼôò֣ݺ϶ܵİɣ
ֻǣݺӦòŶԣôʱദȻ֪һ嶯ˣȷˣȻݺ϶ֵ̫
֮ǰݺضҪǶԺݺԸȽ˽⣬ҲʱԵ֮ĥôʱˣ϶ǽǧֱӳʱǱߵĳڴǰȻԻصʱˡ
̫඼ûãѼ̫֮ԴȻ󲻶ԶʱڵΪ֪Ĵ̫¯Ļڿʱĵط϶ȽԶ롣
һͻȽðգǼĺʱ֮ڣصʱУҪȻĻɾԶʧƬ̫еУʱ򣬾ǧ֧ţҲܻҵͨ·ȥˡ
ѰҴе̫¯ʱʱеͿˣȴżΪѵ
δı׾ţһʱ֮ͻ֮ǰó壬ҽʮǣȫɵ˵ǰ
׺ݺˣս׼ʣһʱǱֹ׾߳ʱ


1236 ս
巽սŸϵطʣһʱʱ䣬׾Ѿſˡ
Ŀ˻ʣһʮˣ׺սŹӶʣʮˣа˺ݺȫ׼һսҲҪ׾ʱС
Ϣǣڴսʼ֮ǰвսŹӶ뵽ʱУһСжȫʮ˵Сӣвٴ׾ǿߣҲߣ
ЩսŹӶһϢҲΧսѾˣǱȰѾԱⷨУҪȻŴ󲿶޷̤뵽ʱ
̣Ҫһʱʱ䣬սʽ֮ǰͨսķʽļǧսŹӶǰͨԱⷨʱ֮У԰˽Ԯ
ͬʱģһսŵ澫ӢСӣ
ӢСܹʮˣÿһĶδ׵ǿڣСӳδ׵ĳǿߣǲΪѹסԷ׾ŵδ׾ų
ͬʱʮϻŲͻ֮ǿ˵˻һʣֱӾͶ
սѲӢӣսѲԼһӢսСӣʮ˾ȻȫˣҪֵһʱġ
ԭͼȫ˿ȴûκδ⣬ΪȻսѲӢӵ˺ǿվֻжʮˣֻܰǵֵסԷ׾еһЩˡ
ЩؾǿߣҪȥеֵϾѶȷǳ
ͻ֮š
սѲӢӵδ׶ӳ彮ǺպĴڣֱӽһͻ֮ŸڳǿߣܹЧĶԿ׾š
ţսѲӢӵĶӳһӭȥֱɱ˱׾ŵУ
ӿȵĿսģͬ˳һϯԷûӦǿֵĻһУսѲӢӵĶӳܺɱ׾ϰˣ
ϧǣԷȻôҫδ׵ı峬ǿߣһ̱׾ŵǰսѲӢӵĶӳ
սѲӢӵʮԱҲ˶Է׾еһЩĶδ׶ӳǿߣǸ죬СӳЩ֮ݣȫսѲӢӵǿԱƾͻ֮Ϭֱס
׺ˣʱ˿̵Ȼԥͻ֮һɱȥսŹٷŵͻ֮һܹԱʱ屶ս
ݺ֮䣬ѪɫиֳһĨŨһ⣬һƻһӷ˺üĶδ׶һս֮
׺͸˵ˣδ׾ǿߣɱ˶Է׾Уּ֮һͻ˳ԼһӾɱʮͷؾǿߡ
û赲¡
ʵϣڱ׾Уųδ׵ǿߣųδ׵ǿߣʮδ׵Ķӳ
׺Ͱ˲Ÿոշͼͷδ׾ĸųֱɱʱڴƺҪֱͻʱǰ彮ڲ
ͻƳȥܼӹľԱⷨ󣬴սƳԱⷨʱ䣬ô֧ԮøҪʱУ˲ܵ顭
׺ʶԣǸ׾ŵıȺ̾ڻͷֱȥͷ帱ųˡ
ȻԷͷδ׾ǿߣ׺ƾеͻ֮ټΧ˵ǣƣܹǿֵסġ
УսŹӶϴʱУʮһСӣһֱͶ뵽սǽյս֪ʲô϶Ҳ٣ԲЩȫôƴֱӲˣͻ֮˵սӲһ磡
ôˣܹԷ׾ŵĹؼˣĶδ׵ĹӶǿߣпеĶδǿߣƾͻ֮ǿֵס˶Էδ׵ĶӳǿֵסԷ׾ŵҹơ
ˣڳ˶ֻܲȡ̬ˣĹ£ûκΰ취𷴻Ľ״̬£˫ʧ࣬ʱţͷȻԽԽ
ȻҲ֪ʱǷǳȵģû취ڶʱڹʱĻôԶܹˡ
ʼδǣ߻սŹӶ֣谭ǵƻĽȡ
ǰ˳֣ôհȫˣҲͻ֮Ƕã׾ŴǴѹ
Ϊȴ˾Աⷨ⣬ԿȷսҪϵʱҪܳһʱ䡣
û뵽⿿׺һЩƾȻǣôʱ䣬Ҫ֮ǰʮ˵ǿ֣߳Ա׾Žǣƣֱǰʱʱ䡣
ʱ䣬һһţԽӶԱҲǲ
ԣ岻ǿȫ˷һѾﵽʱĳ̶ȣʱʼ䶯̫еУ˫սĳǿ
֧ԮսӶȴԽԽ࣬սΪסʱѪˣôսŹӶûѺܴһˡ
ڰ£һʱڱϣסһƬСһͷ׺ݺҲסһСƬ򣬻սŹӶܹ߰˰ڳƾͻ֮εĹʱĳڣ
ԵϱʱմÿгʱԳܵȫᱻߣǱյʲôطȥû֪ˡ
ʱţսŹӶⷽʧԽԽ𽥵׺ݺֻǿ֧ţڣص´ﵽڣѾʱʱ䡣
巽սǿߣҪͷľԱⷨȻģ뵽ʱˣȫ˿
ȻҲʱ򣬲ٱ׾ŵǿߣۿƲΪȻֿʼһԱж
˵ؾǿԱʱյҪͻƷߣʻԱĵӪķһЩ
ȡ취ĻѾûа취ڶʱͻˣȻҲʶˣҪȥսźܿҪϵˣ
սϾҪ죬ڱǿ߲Ա;սŹӶԽԽأӿսڲһʱʱ䣬ȴѾսŹӶ


1237 ¯
ʱмҵսʱΧ̫ԽԽңȴҲյԽԽĸԵ
Щʱ֮󣬾ʱ֮⻺ۺ̫£ϱͬΪ̫Ҳϱѹһγһ¯
¯Ǵе̫¯ӵж֮컯ЧܹѰսΪ̫Ʒǿڣ
ֻϧδҵ̫¯ڣʱ˿̣ԽԽ뵽̫ееУѰ̫̽¯Ŀֵܳټ
ʱֳһͣͷڴǺխСм൱㣬ʱ֮⣬һƬ̫
ʱƬ̫кпٳصֱͨһϷš
Ҫҵе̫¯϶ֻʱĴתƣǧطޣʱڣǰʱΧκεط
ȻȥվЩĺݺǣ⣬ǧǰҲǰصʱУȫһЩ̫¯ҶѰҾͿˣ䣬ʱҴ㹻뿪ʱˡ
˾
Ȼͳʱ彮ͷڵĸȥȻǰٶȷǳһʱ֮ûκܹǰеټ
ϧǣƻܿͱˡ
ΪԽǿʱڣԽǸܵһҵڲԶۼһƺһ籩ģ
ô£
üͷ΢壬Ѱ̫¯Ը²ǰ̫¯վֹֻ۵ĹƣԻ˱ȽϻĴ㡣
˵ǰǿУ̫УǾ֣¼ֲ˶ãĿ»ﵽطʮϰٱ
ǧڲϴҲռֲסɡ
Ȼֻһ²⣬ʵʱǱ׾ſ϶Ѿڸսѱô⸽вҲˡ
СĽϢһ͵УǰеǿȣΧ̫ҪǿʮҪ仹ڲǿУ
ȻʱеļսӰ쵽ۼһУЩȫͬΪ̫еͣǷǴе̫¯
ܵǰеǿЩԸţǾ̫¯ʦյһЩۣս¯ϾǸǿȵۺ壬̫ϱԴ˸ǿȵ̫оۺϣȻܹĳս¯пܾ̫¯
ڵȴ޷ȷǷ̫¯һǣôͶУ»ᵼ¶мص˺
иоǽ뵽ǸطһЩ̫֮Դƺкܴĺô
ʱеʶСȻ˸ܵҲͬһʱСĸܣ̲סЩԥ
ʶСĸ֪ӦǲдһǴ˵أ
£ǧвϴԽԽ죬һ²֪ԭǿһǿС
и֮ǰ֮࣬ϵٻ֣ܹԼ̫ʴɡ
һ˿иǧСȵȣȫҷҽ˿ʣ£ȫΪԴ̫֮
⣬Ӧþ̫¯˰ɡ
ǧҲǰУҲеԴȪ֮ʱڵʱУڱΪҵսľսӦѾʼǲ֪ûܹ׾ʱС
İɣǿ϶õģЩ̫СˣȻһЩϢʱ䣬ȻҪǸ׾ŵһʱʱĻʱͱռˡ
۾Կ˻ĵģؼǺݺɲԸʱѾ峹׹ˡ
˫սӦ÷ǳңʱѾȥ֮ǰܵҪôѾɣҪôѾʧܣڳȥҲûʲôáСֵܣͺú̫¯ɡ
ǧ˵һ·Ѿռʮö̫֮Դɣô̫֮ԴذӦ㹻˵ģ
ҿҪܹɹĻ̫֮ԴԸսҲһ¡
˵ͷ˵
ǵǲˣûϵ˫εս
˵ǧɫЩȻĳ£Ǻĳսϵ˫Ĳεģս϶Ѿˡ
˼
˸ǸϾ˶Է¡
û£쿪ʼɣ̫¯Ҫս϶ҲǼ򵥵飬ҪѲʱ䣬֪üء
ǧҡҡͷתһЦʱɣûңɲ̫ͣõġ
鷳ǰˡ
ͷǧΪмġ
Ȼ㽫гУ͸ֵıӻңңԽԽǿС
̶ʱڣڵУǿٱռʱǿһɼʱսǶôң
ڣͱ˫սţӦѾ໥ˣûʱȥʱΣҪҪи㶨
̫¯Ӧþ̫¯ûˡ
Ϲ۲죬еɫԽԽޣȻյԽԽ࣬еȴû˿ɼȫڲ
Ȼγһ¯һĴڣ̫ɵǿ¯ϣѵõЧõ¯
һ·ϣʱʱ䣬Ѽʮö̫֮ԴӦ㹻ˣȴҲܹȷϾûù̫֮ԴҲȫûƵؾ顣
ңڡʼɡ
뵽еʶСֱӾ͸ܵͷֱӴд˳ȥ
еΧʮö̫֮ԴΪ̫֮ԴıвŲᱻΧ̫иʴ
ǧ˽ŵУһӾͱͶ뵽תŵУ
һ̣оԼ඼ǣһ£Ϊϵ߲ΣʶСĸȫǻͨġ
ڽ뵽еһɲǣУнסֲ¿ʼ͸̫֮Դ͸ϣ
̫¯ǿڿʼˡ


1238 ̫֮
ֱӿʼ̫¯ƾʮö̫֮ԴԼϹżƷսС
Ϲż֮ϣ̫ż޾˵ֱܹΪ̫ƷĻ൱ֱӿԽ󼶱սƷʺȫɱ䣡
˵ɹĻڵʶС֮⣬潫ȫı䣬ԭȵС
̺пǧ˵ֱɱΪ̫ˮ֮ǰһΡ
̫УֻܹȴǧǧвͬġЩõᣬܹɱΪ̫еջֻ籾Դ
ڴյȫֻǴʧ̫ܵɹģʾģһʾġ
ţͬʱϸ۲ųе
ԴĳЩ滹Ǳһ֪Ķһ㣬֪ʾĵĴڣǺݺǰû˵ʾĵġ
֪ϣʱ˵Ҳ̫еǿģÿ߶Ҫģ߼Ϊ֮ǰžʱ򣬶Էʩչ̫еŻ˾ȺĽ
ҪѰعΪ̫ɲô׵飬ڣӵ̫¯нһڵתΪ̫е
Ͼߣûʲô˵ĻԵĻһӶ̫ҲЩӵ̫Ʒţܹھ̫ƷĹУ𽥽̫еĳһ򵽡
˵ǻ֪ݺǷ̫еأѪѾѵ˵ڰ˲ĲΣǲ֪Ѫ̺ģ̫֮һ
˺ݺ̫ƷЩ档
̫еĻ˽Ļǲ࣬Ȼл㳯ǧ˳ǧǰиһ£̫ԶЩص㣬˽𣿡
⣬ѰĴ˵ѣǺܻ⣬˴׾磬̫оǾӴ㹻˽ܹʱӦԡ
ǧȻȻҲ֪һЩģԱЦŶ̫УҪǽľˮʶͬҪ˵ǺѽһֵģֻܴԷһ¡
һ˵ϵ̫֮Ҫ˾ƻ׵ʵģɱ̫֮Ļȫǽϵ̫֮ľϵ̫֮Ҫ˾ƾ귽֮ˮϵ̫֮ʱշռɱĻ϶ˮϵ̫֮ɡ
лϵ̫֮⻹ǱȽģΪͬʱ˾ƻʹʼȼգȼȴҲԻһУ֮ǻϵ̫֮ı֣ǿС磬СеһУֱϲɱΪϵ̫֮ˡ
ϵ̫֮˾ȹ֮򵥵˵ϵ̫֮ǿģΪΪȶҿԿϵͽϵ̫֮ƻ𣡡
ǧһ˵̫е˽һ˲١
ô˵ӦҲڽϵ̫֮ˣʾģɽϵ̫֮ɣıΪˮϵ̫֮˾ʱա
ˣһ㡣
뵽һ棬ʵĶϣ̫еЩϻʲô仯𣿡
ģվֻ̫и̭ƷҲֻڵߴĸԣӦҲ߱еĶ
򵥵˵̫иģȫĳһϵ̫֮ô̫֮ģﵽʮϣ˲ʵǵ۷塣Ҫȫĳ̫֮ô׵顭
ǧЦһЦȫĳ̫֮ǿߣʮˣЩ̫ƷţҲ̫֮һ룬ԣ϶˶õģϲԽߵĻҲɵ̫֮Ȼǰ̫ϡ
ˡ
˵ͷǧЩ˵
򵥵˵̫кศɵģϾͬԴϵıԴ
ûжⷽ飬עǰ̫¯ϣ̫¯Ȼڲǿʱмսɢ
Ҳ̫¯ԽԽǿ̫¯ٵѹҲԽԽҪƵٻ֣ܹ֤ԼȫƬ̫С
ӣʮö̫֮ԴǲҵҵС
ģоеıڼ仯УΧ̫֮Դƺٶȷǳ죬ȥһʱ䣬Щ̫֮Դͻᱻȫգ
һȫ¶̫¯Упֲܼס䳹ûж룬ֱתȥطѰ̫֮Դȥˡ
ǧЭӵ㹻ٻ֣ȻΧѰҿȥܿҵ˵һö̫֮Դλ̫¯֮ĵط̫¯
Щϲ˵̫֮Դᱻ̫¯Ļ̫¯Ѽ̫֮Դٶȣطࡣ
Ȼǵһһģһ³˴񾳽ǿ֮⣬˶û̫¯ɡ
һ㻹ΪοģҲʹţɹｫеƷͿӵб˸ǿֶΣͬߵ
ʱţ̫¯ĹģԽԽģָĴСΣһʱȥ̫¯Ѿտʼʱǿʢһٱֹ
ʱѾӸҵ˸ʮö̫֮Դȫнˡ
һʼƷʵ̫ˣҪȫ̫¯Ҫ̫֮Դǳࡣ
۲һ£̫¯֮Уÿʱʱ䣬жܹö̫֮ԴȻһƷ
ǴϹżƷ̫żƷȻ̫żƷ̫żƷ
ٶȣΪ֮ȣ޾֮ٶȱ仺Ҫ̫֮ԴԽԽࡣ
ܹʮö̫֮Դȥ޾ƷĲΣ̺Ѿ֮ǰǿʢ˲֪ٱ
ܼûн
ڵǳţΧѼ̫֮Դӽ̫¯Уе
ʱʱб˫սŵļսѾ˰ȻĽ׶Ρ


1239 ս黳
ʱС
ʱսŴѾһ߶δ׾󽫾һǧ˵Ĵ׾ţŵһǧȫǴ׵ľ磬ҲһδףСӳʹӳδסδ׵ľ磬ʵǿ
׾ţǵǺǿľţû֮һ丱ų߶δף񾳽Ĵڣ
һţ彮ڲҪɨһǺӶ׾ٵ飬רžеʱŻš
ŵ֮ǰֵİ׺ˣȫˣһˣǾǺݺ
ںݺǿҪ£Ǵ׾һ𲢼սסʱʱ䣡
ڷԷڣǾûʲôˣϾڣ϶ֹһͨ׾ţں滹д׾ųҲ˵
ã˶ȷʱһɣ޷ΪƻģҪȻĻǻ治ǲ׾óȻ룬ΪһԷֱӴٵʱô׾Ҳȫûˡ
ûг֣ݺȻ뿪սҲǴ׾϶ҲæˣʵϣսǴ׾˵ҲǺ£ôһ̶ϼѹ
˵ݺλѪһĹˣȻΪһǵ۾ΪСӶյʱ׾ŵųЩˡ
ų߶δ׵ľ磬ųǴ󽫾ųսְλѪ䶼Ҫ߳һصġ
Ѫһ幫ݣ彮ڿ˵൱ǰˣʲôҲȻԸΪһǵ۾Сðգ
ΪȣͬʱҲͷǳˣ˵ʱʧˣͬʱʧٵĻüޣǴ׵ľ磬£ȻܹŻĿԾ̫Сˡ
һս߶δ׵ľųһҡͷԾѾûܻˣҲǳ˺ݺ׻֮⣬е뷨
սѲݡ
ǾʱڴһսݣһսȻڸȴԶʱһͷڵսѲշǳţ˺ܶ塢ǺӵĴ
ʱĳֱ֣ӽǺӵһЩﶼ˹ΪűһͼƻϧһдۣǶҪԷƻϵġ
ͻ֮Ѿ͵ˣһͻ֮ǰսϣܹ׽ǰ߾Ż
ڣʱĳ֣ͻֻ֮ʱеıˣʱǰߵսҲ뽫ʱס
ΪһʱԷͻƣ˭Ҳ֪жٱֱӳ彮ԵڵǺӸ
ʱ˿̣ʱһ˻Ŀˣ׺ˣսѲ
һսǳɹסʱʱֱĴ׾ŵʧҲǼΪأΪ׾ʵʵ̫ǿᣬҲ̫ˣͻ֮İǻʧ˺ܶˡ
Уʼһ˳ͷģʱ˳ʱֻʣʮˡ
׺һսŹӶܹһʮˣֻʣ²ʮܹȫ
֧ԮʱǧսŹӶܹŻҲʣˣʣµҲˡ
ĸ棬ʧѾȫֵһ룬Զһ룬ʱѾ̫Ӣ꣡
˵ʧҲǷǳأȴҲ޷սȥĶѵð׺ȫɥ
ȻŻЩˣȫõսŵļνһ˺ܴһսŵĹѫȫһʵĻ߶ܹһ㹻Ĵ֮ԼһΣ
׺һ˵õսŹѫʹﵽһ㣬ƽʱ׺һܹõô๦ѫҪһ˳ÿʮս¡
սУ׺˼ΪҪã׺ȴܾȡһսѫֻȡеʮ򣬲ҵڱʾܹĻʣµʮѫģ
ٶ˷׷ײĿ˽˵Ȼ֪ΪλһʼŴվֻֻͬõսŹѫĻҲ̫ƽˡ
ܹŻٳǰʵ̫ˣʮսŹѫύô˵ֵõġ
׺ͷҲһսŹѫֻȡһ룬ܹ͹С
Щ˿ǵΪ棬Ϊ壬ϾǺܶ˵ʼռƻҲ˺Ҫã˺ܶæ
սϵĹӶսϻߣս黳ЩˣΪ汼ƽճרעʵΨһĿǻ壬ǿʢ壡
ҪܹܹΪǿߣӹɵģܹõЩսŹѫܹӿٵĳɳΪսϵһ
ôཱܼϰѫˡ
׻սѲϢϢ֮ĬĬһ£ȻҡҡͷϵֻܰҪܹԴʲôĸͲóˣֻǣ㶼ʧôˣܹĸʣʵǡ
׻ȻٶڴʱţЩڴҲ𽥻ޣû취ȥ翵飬ʧ٣ѾȫûлĿˣͱǱ׾ŸɵҲ˵
ȻڵսѲУܶ˶Ŷڴǵս黳սֻ֮е۾εΪȴӮ˵أ

ںܶΪĵʱڵȴǴڼ˷ܵ״̬¡
ʱѾȥˣʱʧֻʣ󼸸ʱʱļսԽԽң̫¯ԽԽ񱩣ֻܲϺ˺ٺˣҪȻǧ޷άٻֵˡ
̫¯УͶ̫֮ԴеƷţ޾Ʒʱ΢ͣ
ʱеڿʼת䣬𽥱øǿ
֪Щĵڿʼˮϵ̫֮ɱ䣡
ģˮϵ̫֮ʧֵܺĲ̫¯ʱʮö̫֮ԴȫЩգеĿʼɱҲ˳µˡ
ĵɱɹбɱˣ޾ƷսֱӿԽΪ̫ƷһǾʶ̫Ʒ
Խһ̱ޱڴ


1240 ս
ʱʱ䣬ʱڿҪʱ̡
֪ʱΣо̫¯Ȼڲǿ֪ͱ˫սδֹͣҲ˵ǳɹס˱εĹơ
ȫ޷˫˶ǿߣҲû취ֳ֪Ҳڻһˡ
ؾĴҶڵܹģһջӦû൱ģֵðˡ
̫¯У֮еģڳתˮϵ̫֮˵ȫȫɱ䣬սʳ׸ı䣡
ʱ򣬲Ҫ̫֮ԴУ̫¯аȵĴţɼ̶̳˳ɰǧҪеˮϵ̫̫֮еͬ󻯼̫ܵˡ
޾Ʒ̫Ʒ
˷ܺͼ֮ɫʶСͨгɱΪ̫Ʒʱĸܵˣ
޾սвˣԼϵ̫ƷȴͷһӵУһӾ͸ܵһϵĳ
ȻϻԽ̫ӵǼ̫ƷϣԶ˵ûã㽫͸أҪóȥҲá
ڣһȫ̫Ʒһһӵʶ̫Ʒ
һ˵ֻоѵʮ̫ƷŻᵮʶɸսʶĴڣڣʶСȴ̳
ţڵһ̫ƷʶСĴڣܹǿв֪ٵսҪǲҪȥָӾܹжסҲܹԼжȥɱл߾ȳ
С飬ڵսǱһҪǿ˰ɡ
̲סЦŸпɱΪ̫ƷС飬һǿ˳ɰǧȻδһأ֮ǰ˫ȴڡ
򵥵˵ڵУӵ˫ӳɣܹоѣ
˫ǿսٰٱоѣôбһ̫ƷҪǿϰٱ
֮ǰ̫ƷʱÿһΣܹʹ
ͨ飬Ȼٵϣ˫ÿһϳ̶ȣе
ϼһϵ˫εУٱʱǿٶ౶Ϊ˫Ѻϡ٣ҲǴ
⣬бӵе̫ƷԽĵطս̫¯
˵̫Ʒÿһ㣬һ̫ƷؼһЧսһö࡭ֻҪҰоѵĳ̶ȣͱȵϺݺѵڰ˲Ѫˣ
Թһ£ΪԼ˷ܲѣѵ㣬Ⱦѵڰ˲̫ƷǿֿµĴڣȻѵõ̫¯Ķ
ܿǧˮҪ˵̫磬˵̫Ʒ˵̫ƷԽҪϾѣѶȴҪ߳٣ֹΪս㻹кܳ·Ҫء
ţףѾ׼
Գ˵ô˵λץסˣлǧǰһ·ϵİæָ㣬ûĻҲܵõôջ񡣡
ʲôǾҵء
ǧȴǰ˰֣һЦûзϣֻ˴̫¯лƮУиֳһĨ۵ɫ
ȻľսǧҲʮĽģֻϧ֮ǰ˫սûУȻҲܵõսˡ
̫ƷҪõѶȣ˿Ҫһսϵ˫ĲΣһЩ
ֻʱʹ̫Ʒţ̫Ʒʺϵģ׾Ѳ˵ܹӳȫ
̫ƷôԼΪϣҲܹӳһԲϵĻ෢ӳٷ֮һǲˡ
̫ƷȻãԴ˵ȴģ˵罫һЩ޾սϵϵĲΣҲǳȥһ̫Ʒˡ
ܿ죬оͻصԣֱУԸܵʶСҲǷǳ˷ܣɱ䣬ǱҪġ
ϧû취ʱڵʱ䲻ˣǱ뿪С
УЦ˵Ȼ̧ͷҪ۲һΧһ·ʱȥ
СȴһЦ㲻õľˣԳɿռ䣬ԵҴ㵽ȥԣٶȺܿ죡
˵ͷҪ˵ֱӾһܵСڵԳɿռȥһƬǳɫˮϵ̫֮Ũʱ֮еΧ
ͨʶСͨҲɸ֪ռ֮ܿ͸ܵһƬʵ̫֮зٵǰٶȣֱӻ»ƶٿ˰ٱֹ
ٶȵĻΧʱȦҪѶʱ䣬ɼڵУӵ̫жǿ
һУΪ֮ȫˮϵ̫̫֮¯޷ס˵ΧЩ̫֮ˡ

ǧз˳ȻǧеڲռУ̫ܵкз۵糸ޱȵ𾪣
֮ǰûо̫¯Ȼôĸı䣬ȫǱһս
ֻ̤뵽ؾٽ̫Ʒ΢㣬ʱһλ׶Ķˣսʵ̫ˡ
ǧޱȵĸпֻڲǵ۾Ҫ̤뵽ؾһܴƿҪԽǾɱΪС磬ƿɲô׿ء
ǧô˵δֻаһЦ˵ͶԴֻ֮ҪһͻƵؾˮɵ飬ʲôƿ谭
һлΪ̳˾ĽӡǣСǰ˺ĸ򣬲֮ǰھУҲԴ֮ƿ˵ڣ
ȥ֮ҪǱչͻƵؾˣһΪ٣ȥӦÿԵõٽɣ
ţȴôҲ뵽սѲеȴģȻôһ


1241 ͸֧
»صʱʱ򣬷ִʱʱУ̣սеѪɱϢȫ
壬Ǳ壬˫ǿ˼Ϊء
Ա˵ǻѴһʱΪд󲿶ӽ뵽彮ĵطӶ˷صȱڣͻսϵķߡ
ᣬǾԲǰȻ׾ţһǿĴ׾ţʱͷ룬Ҫʱ
ǣ֮ǰ׺˵Ĵ£Ϣҵȵ˴׾ŵĵɹ˱Ĵš
ȻҲǲ׾Źæ˫ϳƽͻ֧֮Ԯ±Ǳֻܽڽڰˡ
ߣҲûǲϾǰҲҪܶػֻҪ赲סĹƾˣҪ뵽彮ȥĻֻ˵ͶϾԷж׼ģܸв彮ڵĻᡣ
ʱĿ֮ȫͱʬ壬ʱжɱΣǴ׾ǿߣֵطһСҲˡ
˫׾ţһ׾ţʱлսޱȻңʱҪʧˣĴŻȫһսΪ˫ѾǳԳˡ
һһҪˣԷ׷һܹһ˵һʧأ
ʱҪʧ˫ȴøѽѷ֣ս֮ǰӼңΪ˫ҧסԷöԷһЩʧ
˭ȳ˭ԿտܵĽ¾ʱҪʧǰһ̣˫ͬʱߣһ̵֮ǰսԲܽ
ݺȻڣ
صʱ֮һ۾˻սȺһĨעӰѪɫʱ֮ƣһĨٻӰսشУϻɱűһЩȽĴס
û뵽ȥˣݺȻڣתһҲԣպݺԸڵ֪Ϣ֮ǰôԸ뿪
ֱһ̣ݺЩսǾΪţǾ͵õȵǰ
̲סЩжֱһС̫Ʒ壬˲߶ˮϵ̫֮ʱ֮˲䷢źݺڵĵط˲ͻƹȥ
ѰʱУǲ˲ƶģˮϵ̫֮Ĵڳ⣬ʱУ˲Ƶ˶ָɼܹˮϵ̫֮Բࡣ
ڵʵܹʱдУκץסƣǿҪԸҲûôףΪڵٶʵ̫ˣ
Сģ
Ҫݺʱƾڰصľƿطͷǿ߾ȻȻݺͷʩչֶΣϢ˺ݺݺƺԴһ
̫ĺݺΪݺĸ֪ԲԼͷ͵Ϯı壬ݺԲûзֵġ
ݺûзӦԭ򣬶ҪնԷһ
ȴǲ´ˡ
ΪݺڣȻȷǸܵͷǿߵ͵Ϯȴûа취㿪ˣΪͷ嶼δףҪ߳ء
ⲻǹؼؼĵطڣݺѾʱ´սӽʱ䣬͸֧ˣ׼ЩָĵҩѾȫˡ
ͷǿ͵Ϯݺ޷Ҳ޷㿪ֻӲͷƤֵһ£ȻڴܹŶԷʱ̣ͻȻ𽫶Էɱ
ڽʱɱ¾УҪɱ壬ݺҲ㹻ľ飬ֻҪᣬ˲ɱһͷѰδױ塣
ϧǣƺˣֻΪʵս̫ʱˣֻΪ˵ȴһֵܳϢ
ȻںݺǾԻǰģΪݺѾˡ
ŲæۿͷѾ˺ݺԣݺûзӦƺֻǿ̧ҪñѪɫֵͷĹ
һӻںݺ״̬ƺǳ
С飬죡
һӽкСһ£Ȼٴ˸ˮɫλһ⣬˲㴩Խ˺ݺԣ
ոգʩչ֮ǰմԽֶΣһΣ˲ƾ뾹Ȼ˱ֱ˲Ƴ˱ƽԶıľ룡
ˣǳԽ޾սĴڣȻӵ޾սıԣֻҪãǱʮٱпܵġ
뵽һ㣬Ȼһ̣б˺ݺԣֱˮϵ̫֮ǣȻ뵽ڲռС
ݺ
̤ǰֱӽĺݺסۿźݺû£ϻһĨϲɫ
ݺڻʶȴû뵽ȻͷϵˣȴûʶԼʲôĻУΪԼء
ܵܣҾ֪ûô
ݺһ̾ˬʵĴЦȻ͸֧ȴҲӰ첻ĵϲá
ţִܿһ鷳
ոͷ͵ϮԺݺ˵Ҳֻ鷳ˣȻ͸֧ҪֲȥǻЩֶܹʩչġ
ڱȣòŰЩֶʩչˡ
һţһвٻԵݺϢڸóˡ
Ժݺ˵ţȻСһͷСֱӳʱĳڴȥΪݺ֮ԻȫҪ
ƽݺûмսıҪսԭҲǵսȻӦóˡ
ľݺȻûκ飬ڼ˲䣬һʯֱӾͷ˲һ򱶡
нݺڲռֱٴαʩչմԽ˲뿪ͷ͵Ϯֱӳ巽ʱڴȥ
һ̫Ʒսսд󣬲˷׷ײĿӣһ˲ǿߵע
ΪذʵЩˣȻڳ巽ʱٶǰ󵽣ǲǱǱŪİϷ
һذǱͻƵʱڣ˵ѣ
ôҵʱУû˿ոаѺݺµһĻԣǻսǱҲ
ǿҪǰ赲ʱԶһδ׵Ĵ׾ŶӳͻȻһԼˣ뿪
Ȼ׾ŵδ׶ӳոտнݺȳڵһĻȻĻҲܰ˵
ӳһЩǿ߷׷׺˿ȥ͸ԵıֲȥˣҲûС


1242 
ͺݺǧеڲռУʱĳѸٴȥ
ʱݺŽעתƵǧϣ޴Ϊ棺Ҽǵ㣬Ǻһȥʮʿ֮һôһ𣿡
Ͱ֮ǰݺ˵һ£еı仯һԼ̵ĸݺ˵һ顣
鲢ӣݺһˣŵɫǾȻҵ̫¯ǻԵ컯̫ѵˣܵܣҾȣΪǱץȥʳأȻ
ıץȥҲ϶ֻʳô򵥣ô˵ҲǶͰɡ
ԺǺһЦ˵ţȴ뵽ԼӵеıʥҲ֪ⶫʲôʱóʱڣ˵ûʲôôֻȽһߡ
ͣ㡣
ݺߺ˵ţű׼Ϣ֮ǰ´ս죬ȫĹˣۻսȴҲȻʱڣܹնɱ˳һͷ壬רδ׾ıǿ֣Է˺ܴʧ
ϧֻսУɱ˶ԷҲûʲôʱȥѼԷսƷ̾Ͷ뵽սȥҪȻĻҲôˡ
Թףʱݺ˵ڰæ˸巽滺˲ѹ֮⣬Լûõκκô
ȻԼʱļսΪʵսȥоԼѪľѺܿͻ̤һΣҪǣڿʼ̫еĳ
ǲ֪Ѫе̫еһ֣ʱսϸʱ̫֮еϢѪҲԼ̫Ʒ˲˽⡣
Ѫ̺Ӧڽϵ̫֮ķ룬Ǻܴ⣬л̺һЩúݺԼЩ㲻ס
ڣȥͺݺԺúϢһˣⳡսӦֵܹסĹƣԷסʱУ޷̤彮벽˵һ޴ĳɹˡ
ȥһʱʱ䣬ҪͺݺǣпؾǿߣڼֵֵŶ֣ôʱڣԷѾܳķˡ
ͺݺ˶ʱ򣬳ͻȻ
һֲϢͻȻʱһͷ֣Ȼһӿʱȫס
˫Ĵţⷽ棬һ׾ţ׾ţһܹ߶δ׾ǿߣǽ񾳽ĳڣ֮⣬ȫ޵еģ
Ǵʱ˿̣ǿֲޱȵ£߶δ׾ǿߣܵһԴĲ
ԷʵǶҪǿһҪǿö࣬ⲻΪĲ࣬ǲϵĲ࣬˵ԷǾȻһͷ񾳽ǿߣ

Ĵڣ֮жֻǺӵУȷǺӲַ彮Եһߡ
ڣȴһ񾳽ĶǿߣʱȻżĴı
ֹһͷ
һ߶δ׵ǿɫΪսѾ൱ˣһܵԷȻ鶼תֱ¡
οоֹһͷʱУ
ͷͷܹͷܣ
ڳǿߣһӾв循ֵ˿ƽʱЩսʿȫӢηģսη壬Աһȫɱ
ڣȥܹͷ񾳽ı壬ȴԱĵƽƽˣΪǺǸûκʤ㣬һ㶼ûУ
ڳͷؾǿУ±ֻһͷҲܸɵͷ壬ΪѾǲεĲ࣬ΪĲࡣ
߶δ֮ϣ˵񾳽磬߶δΣ˶Ῠֱ޷̤޷żΪѾǲϵ
ΪôߣվֻѰ飬Ѿˡ֣Ƶǰ飡
߸ʲô㲻ϣ˵ڱ徹Ȼĵĳͷǿߣ˾
Էλδ֣δ̤뵽ʱƾƣѾȫ߶ѹ߶δףһ̶޷
Է뽫ȫһ򾡣
ѹޱȵǿƣȴҲԵģеȫס޷еıȴûκӰ졣
ţЩͳųбѹסЩǿɱ˹ҪǺԵģ˲ʱһ̣ڱУ
ڳ˵һѣû뵽徹Ȼ񣬲һͷϢڿͷ˻ȫ֪飡
ô죡
ڳףжӿֳһ⣬˭ܵõĴˣΪǸΪ
ֻһͷô߶δףǿųʱڣͷƵӣֱӽ嶼ѹأκĻᡣ
ʱУǿ߾Ǳһûκһܹ֣˽ŵʱ̣ͷڻ˵ҰС
һͷ֮ͨɫȻȫֳɫ⣬ԵޱȵޣһͷеΣȻӵо⣬ȻǾΧģıԵЩ롣
һͷģȻ״һɫ壬ͨ峤Ŵ򡭡
ͷڳ֣ȫ𾪵һͷȻǱ壬ڻ壡
˱֮⣬жȻлӰ
һΪµϢпܵ嶼޷ʧ
Ȼϧǣڳ壬ȫԷͷѹסû취֣˵ӳʱȥ汨ˡ
ǱǸΪеµ˼죬øˡ
Ҫһڳ壬ͷɫ״ڣȻ˼ﵽڳԺС
㵢˼죬Ǳȴʧأʧһס
ͷıΪƺɫģĻǳ
ǺǺǣףʲôǱҪ̲Ǻӣôʧȫʲôɡ
񵭵
ͷ𽥳ʱ߳շ˿ûнΧЩǿ߷ϾЩѾѹסĸ׾žͿɽˡ
ʱȴͻȻһĨɫâͷǰһζ˲ʧʱУȻһͷʱıԵ
ʲô
ͷȫע˹ǣȻУ


1243 ƻ
ͻͷ֣סʱеǿߣΨȴǽиԵˡ
ΪһսڵʱУ廹Ǳ嶼еսûʱȡ
ԣͷȻ˷Щս֮ϣӶӹһ٣û뵽ԷѹС
Ͼͷѹȫλģѡģѡ񽫳е嶼ѹסҪȻĻؾҲᱻһѹǶ˵ɲʲô顣
һвδԷסȻʱжڵǣʱ˿̵оʱڻͦһξ룬ٻ˲ƴԽΣ
ֻҪԽһΣ̾ͻᱻͷ֣εǿߣֻҪ̾סжѹ޷
˵µһʱڣвδԷѹҲǲܳʱӳʱġ
£оֻ취ˣ취ֻһǳŲǰֱӳʱıԵٴν뵽Ƭ̫ееУ
ΪеλãʱԵǺܽģֻҪһ˲ƴԽܿʱ֮Ļа취ѶԷ׷ɱ
СһƻڶԷעʱȡж˲ôʮľ룬ʱıԵ
ͷʱѾƬ̫еУ뿪ʱΧ
ʱͷȻеСȴûôᣬΪǿ뵽ʱ֮Ķʲô³
ǼսдһЩ壬Ҳ޹ؽҪ飬ֻҪʱͻ̫лҷˣ
ԣͷȻ޶ԣ
⣬ҲպС顢ͺݺ˿ۿͷû׷̫вǰУܿ˿̫¯ĵط
ô죿
ǧҲûкңͷ֣ԷĿ꾹Ȼ彮ԵǺӣҲǲܵ顣
ͻ֣һҪ̴ȥУҪȻ嶼ܵʧϧǣǸ뿪
˵Դʱ֮ƵڸȻֱӿڣ뿪ʱΧȻڼ֮ͷ϶ʱʱڷգκ뿪
Ҫ뿪ʱֱӱԷ׽ҲӲԷġ
֪
ݺҲʹҡͷȻѪһĹ£ʵϣûм񾳽۷ڣڶԷͻ֣һӳЩš
ݺǧҲŸո̤׾磬ֻһδ׵߶ѣ񾳽绹룡
߶δףʱҲκΰ취Ҫ˵ˡ
ʱ˿̣Сͨ뵽һǳðյİ취Ǿһ̫¯
̫¯յ̫֮󣬱ͬɵһǿ壬ûа취Ҫܹ̫¯пܶͷһЩ˺
ȻҪƾɱͷ񣬸ܣȴܹһ㣬һЩңһ¶ԷעȻûʱ
̫¯ǱܻܿᵼʱĽṹȶӶٵı˵źܴ飬Ҫʱֱӱƻʧôͷ壬Ҳܹ뵽Ǻˡ
ϾԷҪǲͨʱĻ۴·ᱻǿ鷢֣Ӷ׼׼£Է͵Ϯĳɹʻࡣ
̫¯
뷨С뵽ģȻܿ촫ϸһ룬취Уȥˡ
ۿȻиɾݺǧޱȾȣ񶼳ˣǳ˶Է֮⣬ѵʲô취ɣ
Ҫ̫¯ݺһ𣡡
˵˼ѾתƵ̫¯֮ϣ
˵ݺһ죺Ҫô̫¯ܰʲôæ𣿡
ǧҡͷ̫¯ôܱҪ֪Ȿļ壬ͷؾǿ߶ԿչҲǱΪһ֣ܽ
ܲУǵԲУƾһ˺ݺпܳɹġ
΢˵
ƾңҿɲ֪ʲôʱôǿˣҿǲһδװ̫¯˵ʵڵģ߶δ׹ܽɡ
ݺɥЩ쿪ˡ
ˣطƿأƾƿأ֣Գҳ̫¯ȶĵطȻлƣܹҵ㹻ȶֻ֮Ҫ̼̫¯ܹˡ
˵
ΣǽߣȾ͵ƾͷ嵱汳𣿡
ǧüͷ΢壺ܣʵģǿ̫¯Ҳɱκһͷ񣡡
ģıըмֲȻǰǧǰңܹʩչҵͨ
ЦһЦȻҲҪɱͷֻҪ΢һ¶ԷעǾп뿪ʱͷֵϢظսˡ
⡭
һļƻݺǧһۣӶԷпһ𾪣ǻû뵽£ּܵƻ
Ҳĳ𾪣һʱЩңŻԵúʧ룬һ˵Ůоƻǿеģ˵ɹʲߣôӦһԣ
ƻѣȣҲȷǷܹ̫¯ΣҲ޷֤ܹ̫¯ıըٴΣͷעҲһȫǻעʱĳڴ
ص˵Ψһѡ񣡿֪ЩȥĶǽʱɱȻͷ£Ǻӣڲƴһƴһȫûлˡ
Ҵţȫ·һƴһ˵һѡͲö˵ˡ
ǿʼɣƿȻҲأ̤֮ʶ֪һ˲٣ܹ˵ģ̫̽¯е֮
ݺ˵ͷֱߵԣϹأ˫иֳһĨϲ֮ɫԽԽɰ


1244 ¯
ʱ򣬺ݺ΢Щ졣
ñ֣
ݺžЦĺһҲаοˣԼ֮һҲ̫
ݺûܹ˼̫ãб˽뵽̫¯֮Уȫˮϵ̫֮ʱ˿̫̽¯ȫûܵʲôӡ
ν̫¯ʵҲļ壬̫еޱȿ񱩣ȴܹɴС
УоԼֶͨ˼ߡҪʲôĻֱнȥˣҪԼ֡
̫¯ڲͺݺܹ֪̫¯еͨľƿط˶ܹȽĸ̫ܵ¯ڲ
ҪĿ꣬ҪѰҵ̫¯ûһЩȶֻҪҵ΢ʩһ̫ܵ¯ıĻļƻҲʹ˵һˡ
Ҫҵ̫¯ȶ򣬻൱׵ء
̫¯ڲѰ̫¯̫¯ΪۣУҪȻ治һ㡣
Ȼһͺݺһ֣̫¯ڲȫѾɵ̫ûвȶĵطȫĳֹڲš
Ҫҵȶ򣬲̫¯ĵѰҡ
ΧȥѰһ¡
˵
뵽̫¯γɹ̣ͷؾǿսĳǿںӶۼһ̫¯
ոǸУһӵ̫¯ڲڷ֣̫¯ڲȫǷǳȶģҪȻҲܴôá
ҪѰвȶпܵĻȥ̫¯ԵشѰңΪڱԵش̫е
ܿ죬кͨȥܿͿ̫¯ıһ㣬ε̫¯ΧȻһ㻹̫ͷչĸĻ壬ƬͱȽˣͺݺҪ֣õĿһ
ҵˣǱһܲȶ
ݺʩչƿط̽һ򣬺ܿͷһȶ򣬲ܿʧˣ̾˿ֱȶˣе仯ܿ찡㷢һ㲻ȶĵطҲջᣬΪʱʵ̫ˡ
ҪǣֻһȶĵطǾ̶ֵĻ»޷̫¯
Ҳüͷ
Ҳ֣У˵ʱвȶĵطȴָ̫ˣȶĵطһӾʧˣץסᡣ
㣬Ҫ̫¯Ա±ͬʱϵĲȶ֣֮Ļᣬ΢΢ģѶ̫ˣҪǣûôʱȥȴȶͬʱ֣
ҪȻƻһȶԣ޷ֻ֣ƾƿֲȶҪֻ֣С鶯ˡ
ݺ˵
ţİɣСûġ
˵ͷȻˣǾ͵һȽϴĲȶ֣ըһԡǧǰȽ硣
š
ǧ˵ͷ֪ԼûʲôˣȻȥ磬Ȼˡ
֮ǰӱоȳģһҲûʲôʧܣһɹҲ׬ġ
ܿ죬ǧͽ뵽統Уͺݺ׼̫¯һж
Ȼһβһɹ㣬ֻҪС鶯֣̾ҪкͺݺȻޣֻܹڻжС
޵£ǳʱֻǧطв䣬ά޵״̬Ҳϸ޿ռ䲹
ҪȻĻ޻һϾ̫¯ؾǿսղɵôһ¯
ǣ֣
̫¯Եǲ㣬вȶȻܿȶЩȶΧͺݺסûж֡
Ǻܿ죬ڲԶаɵĵطһһȽϴĲȶᣬͺݺҪŹ
СͨոһС㶯лһɫ⣬˲仮ƿռ䣬ˮϵ̫֮һУһӳƬȶ
һ̣̫¯κηӦֱӽкͺݺ뵽УȻ˻ޣ̫¯֮Զߣ
ʱѾûʲô̫ҵսˣ̫¯̫ƽ˲٣޵״̬ҲܹȽѸٵĳ롣
ո뿪ã̫¯ڴͱһֲǲȶĻдֱ֮Ӿͱ˳ѸٳΧɢ˸һ
ܵԼΧ޿ռһǧвϳ¹һƬ޿ռ䣬˲ڰȫĵֵסһȶ
һʱ䣬ͣϢд³֣ڲռ䡣
һαƣˣЧ񻹲
ܹʼ۲Ľ¶һĨϲɫ
αȻ̫¯˵㲻ʲôֻʮ֮һ̫¯򣬵ȴ̫¯ıԵһĲȶ
ֻҪжƬͲȶ͸ȥ׾ܹ̫¯Ĵ󱬷
ʼɣҪԥ
ǻʧʱʱеͷҲͣ϶Ѿ׼жʱ䲻ˡ
ԣСһֱͨӾͳŻ̫¯˹ȥһɫ⻮̫¯ȻѸٱ뵽硣
Ϊޣ
һλޣҳԶ뿪ȥű̫ܵ¯ȻһֲĿռ䲨Զ˲ɢ
̫¯ڱһ˳ˣ䱻ĶҲͱʱеͷˡ
ڵһαƵʱͷ壬͸ܵʱ֮ǸЩ֣ȴûôϣϾʱ֮⣬һƬ̫УҵͻȻһҲġ
ڶαƵʵǱȵһҪöˣ˲ʱıԵ
̫¯Ŀֱֲӳʱ֮УʱԵ塢߻û˲
ţͷȴǷӦ˹
ţ
ͷģı񣬾ŵ˲ų貵ı֮ɫܹŵɫϳǰס̫¯һֲ


1245 ӳ
̫¯ĿֲϮܡ
ߣޣ޿ռУ޿ռ䣬Ƿ·һĴڣܹӰٷ֮ʮŵĹΪˣ֮ǰֵܹס׼ǿߵϹơ
ʱ˿̣ǵ˰ٷ֮ʮŵ̫¯ȻʱΣվأΪ̫¯ױʵ̫ǿˣ
ǧϽ䵽ϣҲ˲ܹܲˣֱӽĴٶȿΪÿʱÿ̶¹޿ռ䣬ٶѾǧȫٶȣ
ֲˢڵ޿ռ䣬ΧѾ׳̫¯κҪǳ⸽򣬾ֻ·һεĴڣ
̫¯˻һܣ˲Ϯʱ֮С
ͱؾǿߣ˲䱻һݻ٣ܿ죬ͷ̬ıȴֱӳ֣۳˾ŵɫϣֵס˺ʱǹɻ֮
ȻȴȻͷϣķڷչš
˵ֵס˻ӣʱ飬ܿȴ֣ʱڱ̫¯䱬ʱ򣬾Ȼʼ𽥱
һ棬ʱʱ޵ģʱ򣬱ֻʣһʱĴʱˣټ̫¯һӺ䱬ֱӾʱ𽥿ʼ飡
ã
ͷͬһʱ䷴Ӧ̫¯ķȥҪֹ̫¯ʱǷӦȴ̫һЩȻȫ̫֮ʱ֮жģڣȴȻֹ̫¯Ŀֲӣ
ʱ̫¯ĻӰ£ٶԽԽ죬Ҳʱ
ͱؾǿߣ뵽Χҵ̫ȥ˲ʬ޴棬̫¯ıȴȻڲϳš
ȥĻҪ˵ڳЩؾ塢ǿߣ̫¯ûпܻ뿪ˣΪʱһʧǽʧƬ̫У
ΨһܹȥģҲֻͷˣεĴڣܹ취ĵطҲǷǳˡ
ͷɫıʱѸٽһЩȽǿıףȫ뵽ԼСȥ֮£ǿ߶룬˵ǵþˡ
ţͷɫ״ĻԼͷıǸڿֲ籩ǰУѰѹ̫¯ĵط
Ȼѣͷ壬ڷ̫¯һطȻһСС޿ռ䣬޿ռУһΪ޵Сӣ
״̬ͷļʶȻǼģ֪ʲôһ״̬ʱҲѾʶ˵׷ʲô顣
Сӣ壬Ȼ̫¯ʲôǽ𣿡
һŭ飬ڵˮϵ̫֮˲仯ʱձֱͻգ޿ռе
һ̣ҪʱСȴǸܵͷĲ
˭벻εĴڣȻܹ̫¯ĻдУСʧߵĵطǿߵĵǸûκοܻȥˣ
ˣ߰ɣȵֵǣһҪȥ˵ǻټĻأ
ʱʶСȴͻȻһͷţδӦʱһɫˮϵ̫֮㽫װҽͳܵ幥޿ռ䡣
С飡
ɴ۾ȴû취ֹеĶĸܵȫԼˣȻǴ뵽˱̫¯УӦҪ̫¯øӳףӶסͷ塣
ֻһû޵ıôܳܵס̫¯Ļ
Ѿûʱ˼ˣеȫһˮϵ̫֮װҽʱĳڴȥ
ʱʱȻڱ̵Уٹһʱ䣬ʱͻ᲻ڣٵΣҲʹ˽
ǡ
С飡
̲סûŪزжû˿ֻǴǿߵСֻԼߡ
ͷ壬Ȼƾ뿪ҪֵʱȴСĲٿ£ֱӴ͸Ѿ̫¯Ρ
һ̫¯ڳ׺䱬ͷ˲Уס׷Ķ
һ̣ˮϵ̫֮ı£ѸٴֱӳʱĳڣͬʱиٱؾǿߣҲȫٶȳܡ
ΪҲʱ飬ɫıȴûʱЩṳ̂׾Сආ
ҪΨһ·ߣ
뿪ʱ彮ĵطҲлŵһʱҪõöˡ
ˣ
һӳʱʱ֮յУ
Χ񱩵һȫʧˣȡ֮һƬգʱеĿԵޱȵİ
ͬʱʱģвٱؾǿߣҲһӲϰߵķΧ
ʱеǿߣһûܹȫͷƸסˣ޷ֻĿŻԽԽԼû
һӳʱЩؾ壬ܿͺˣΪǷ֣ʱ֮⣬ǽҪԵĽսţ
̧ͷʱ˿̣Χˮϵ̫֮Ѿȫĥɾˣһ·ϱˢҡҡ׹̫¯ʱڲԶܹȫ뿪
ʱܹģ˸ϰͷؾ֮⣬ǰͻȻֵһȺǿˡ
ȺǿߣͻȻ֣Ѿȴˣͱ׵ĳ֣ƺЩȵӡ
ֻΪ˷ֹܹͻʱΪҪǳˣȴû뵽ջбͻʱ
Ĵ׾ţǷﰡĴһ֣ȻסЩؾı塣
ǣЩ壬һ׶ûУȻͻˣĴҲ̫Щɣ
ЩгֵǿߣֵĿûнʱЩؾΪЩûʲôս
ЩֵĿüͷ΢壬Щһǲ֪ʱʲô


1246 
ĳ֣ʱ⻹ûһ֪
ϾõʱֵҲֻĴţȫţΧʱĳڣñͻƳˡ
ԣ˸ûʱܣճ֣Ͱʱȫסˣ޷֣ȻܽϢ
ʵϣôʱʱûдϢ巽սѾ׼˽ȥˣպþʱȺؾıʱг˳
ûʧһϰͷ壬һ˲ͱʱ֮ǿƷЩǿҲսŵˣûκһӶˡ
ʱеĸ׾ţ׾ţ˫һЩϵģԳǰЩؾǿ߲Ż֣ƺܲˬеĸ׾Ƶġ
ڰȫˣݺǧ̴гˣһսŵľų
ųδ׵ΪʵǳǿᣬüһĨɫŭɼսеһˣ
첻ǰüͷ΢ʲôôֻˣЩô£
սŵ˶ûóȻʱȽıƷžоųǰѯ
ҪʲôжߵĻҲǲ١
ųȻǲʶͺݺˣȻǴʱгģӦþ֪еΣһûʲô׵ġ
ԷʻҲû˵ʱгͷ壬ͷ񣬻һͷ񣬿ϢȥɣҪǵһʱ䣬˵ɴ
һ⻰Ǿųиɫȫһ䡣
壬ͷ
ôܣ
˵ʱͷһͷ񣿡
Ǿųɴ۾Щ˵Ļ
ⲻܣҪͷ壬ôܴʱӳοҪʱУڿɱ˰ɣҲֻôආһ
Ǿųһųüͷ˵
ΪҰʱе̫¯ˣʱסǡ
ԷţҲЩˬˣΪʱе󣬶ǳˣڶԷȻ˵װ˷ʱ䣬Ȼʲôɫ
Ӵǣ̫¯̫¯Ǹ˵ʲô̫¯
ǸǺһЦûôϣ˵ҲǣҲǵ۾ΪսУȫûʲôȨ
ǿ˵ǧ˵Ļҿ֤ͷھʱ֮С
ǧ̾һԳΪ֤
ݺҲݣѪһĹԹӶսæʱеȷǳͷҪǿĲܴʱӳ
̫¯ӦסͷһӣҪǲϢȥĻ»кܴ鷳ǵĿǺӣ
Ҳص˵
ǸԣǺЦһЦҪ˵ʲôȴǰľųˡ
˵ЩûãʱʲôǻԼȥ̽һȽϺáСӳʱеʲô
ųһ£̾һ˵Ѳг֣ԥĳʱɹȥ
ȥȥֻ
ݺǧ״ʱɫ΢䣬˻صʱУȫΪûκοܻ
Ҫ֪ǸܹǿѳЩҪǽʱôĶ֪
һ棬̫¯Űһ棬ͷ廹棬ǲܱ̫¯ġ
Ҳ֪ôˣС齫ˮϵ̫֮ˣҲֲ˶õġ
뵽˼һȻ벻Ÿոսзŵ̫¯ͷֵù飬
ѾӵУ̫֮Ʒʵٷ屶ڣһֻص˴ǰ
£ܷȥȳеģΪȫΪСķͳɲȥġ
սȴǲţųþڵСӳҪǰʱУ
ЩˣҪȥˣԲܻص
ϧǣݺǧôԣȴ޷ıսžųͼһ¾Ҫǲʱ̽ǲˡ
ˣսŻǲ˽˰ΧסƺǣҪʱзʲôԾģ̾ͻὫ
ѾǧṩϢȴ⵽ĶԴȫǳˬȴҲû취˵ʵһ𻹲һųָͷͲܷˡ
ڣȻżȴû취ʲôֻĿȺϰԱȥʱڴ
˵ҲûóȻֱӴУǲСԱн̽Ӧ˵ˣȥԳĻ϶ڶʱڳһ»ȻپԱǷϡ
ۿλ׾޵ͷ̤֮뵽ʱУȫЩ̣ȫΪ
ԤϣҲûܹʱг
ȴƬ̣սŵļ;ųЩɫأɨһˣĵѵ˵ģ
ʱûʲôĻô޿϶Ԥʱڳֱڣûκһ˴ʱ˻Ȼˣ
սŵǵȻǴˣ̾ʶ˵пģҪǾŻûôס
Ҫ֪Ƕûгֹˣ
һ񾳽ĴڣǾ˵һս۽ᱬһսۣԻὫǺȫȥͶԷȫʧأ
壬ֵĸʵ̫ˣ⼸սǿ߲ţȻǻǲ˼ͨѶԱǽ߷飬Ͽսݵ߲֪
˵ĻǼ٣ϼжϣ
СӣþӢ룬һʮˣʮһжκΣֱ˳ǾŸһҲҪһͳ
ʱеǾųûз̽飬´СӼж
ԷмֱųͲһ˵ĻǸΣ


1247 
ôͺݺǧ޷ǰųľ
ֻԭȴڵͲܹдǿߴʱУиȳϧҲ֪ǲܵ顣
ܿ죬ڶСӣܹʮӢҲһʱǰ
֯ģΣգǾŸһ뱣֤ܹųһΣųҲǺģ϶ܹõʱеһЩ׼ȷˡ
ǳ𾪵ǣʮ龫Ӣ뵽ʱȥûйȥʱ䣬ͻȻʱڱٿȻ
ʱڣһʵУͨоܹ뵽ʱС
ڣȴͻȻѸС
ʱҪʧף
ųʱ󾪣Щǲ龫Ӣˣ֪ʱϾҪʧǻżʲô
ʱУһʱʧЩҲ徳ˣ
ʱʧóв˶˿Ϊʹһɱ崴ʱΣڳʧˡ
ͬʱųȴҲǼΪûڣΪ˴ľʮ龫Ӣ뵽ʱУڿȫΪ
ˣۿʱڼҪʧıʹȷ֪оʱУǣͷ壬Ѿٵˡ
һУΪûϵε֣ˣһ־ͷô࣡
ûֵĻж˵Ǵȫʤõôġ
ڣеĶʧļΪʹҪ˵ھ̫¯̫ƷˣֻԭϹżƷսʧǳãҪ֪ǿһϵ˫εս
ԭ΢ܹܵһ㣬ʱŰʱ𽥹رգܸܵԽԽˡ
һʹı飬飬Ǹûа취ȥаæ֮£ӳѾ൱ˡ
Ҫ˵ˣѪ֮ǿ֣߳Ҳû˿ôģҪ֪ǲĴ׾Уܹ߶δ׾Ĵڣ
߶δףǱѪ仹ҪǿƵĽӽǿߣǿߣʱ򶼺޷֮
̫ˣڵȫ˼ͷϣǾһסΧκζ֣ܹΪΪս϶ܹ׾һսʤ
ϣСܹס̫¯ѾΪ̫ƷΪ˫ԱȻ̫Ʒǿٶ౶
ݺɫ̫ãοʱʧҲ̫едںܾõġ
ҵĵĲ̫еͷ񡣡
ȴǳ˵ͷڣͬСһǿ̫ɴеģʵ̫ǿˣܷŹС顭ڵС飬²Ǳٵ˾Ǳ߻ץȥ˰ɣϾһ̫ƷǶ˵ӦҲǱȽϺġ
ҪҲû취ãѾϵ˫磬ǵõпܵǽиΪܹʹõս
ǧҲ̾˿֪ʱУʲô³ˡ
ϾҪ׹رˣʱ
ݺԶʱ˫ҲֳһỊ̃˵С鲻죬ȴǿ̰һʧȥ˵ɣʵ϶ᱻܶ౶
УҪȥ
һ뵽пܻᱻ߻ȥеʶСȻֱӱˣ飬һʹ
ΣܹСԼʧ
Ƕһ޶ʶһûˣԺҲҲˣڣҲȫûлὫоȻ
һذըһõúãпͷ̸ģ
ȥ
Ļݺǧһ㶣˵Цڻȥ·һ
ʱҪʧˣôܻصȥٽп·һˣ
嶯СƴԼŽǾȳôԼȥ
ݺЩˣ˵һֱܹ漣£벻δ漣ˣ
סǻȥ֮󣬾ϼȻ֧Ԯʱոʧ֮ʱ̫ǿֵ߳ĻпܹİɡҾ֧ԮˣȻȥ
Ժݺǧ˵һȻ׼ҪΪޣ
޷гʧҪǰʧʱУһѣ
Ҹһȥ
ǧͻȻۿȥѾûֹˣ˵ҪһȥΪûҵ䣬һ˲̫ͣãҸһ𣡡
ǧҪһˣôݺֻˣΪҪи˸ϲʱеȻȥ֧Ԯ
Ψһܣ
ݺȻԸһգʹǧֱӻΪޣǼųע⣬ֱӳ˳ȥ
ʱڣȻڻСδʧڹȥĻûģʱ˭뵽ʱУ
˶ʱҪʧˣڽȥѣ
ڣʱڴһЩսǿߣʱ˿̶ڷ׷ˣΪҲûʱ֪ʱʧʱǲǻᲨһЩΣա
˶ںˣȴǰǧвϸȻѸٽӽʱڴ
ʲô
Ǽսŵų͸̾ͷĶһŭĪʱСӾȻ
ⲻǵ
ǻе˵Ļˣڿֵľٶһӱ˼Ϊɵľٶ
ϧطʱڲԶͷľԱⷨҲѱƳˣǰʱûһ谭
ޣЩųѰҲһʱ䣬ҵжѾˡ
ڴˣ
ޣֱӴʱڵУոմȥ֮һգۣʱڳʧ٣յУҲûһ˿һʱϢ
ʱڵʧǧ׵ʧˣ
ֻһݺڸ˷ʱˣȻ֪ʲôƾ边ȻٴλȥȻ˵ˣȻҪ˵ȥˡ
ߵϼΨһһʱгˣһѪĹΣмϼȨ
ݺ̾ͶǼų˵


1248 ػվ
ݺ˵⻰ʱǷǳġ
˵ر˽ˣȴҲֻ֪ǿɱﵾǾˣоڣǴ˵Ķ˵пܿһ
ؼǣڲϰ
ôƾʲô˵пܴоȻǲܵ飡
ȵȡ
ݺͻȻ뵽֮ǰĵʱƺ˵ӵеһЩƺһЩΪĴڡ
ʥʥСӣѵҪʥȥ̸ȥˣֱǷ˰
ݺ뵽˶ˣСӣȻҪƾԼǵ۾Ϊȥ̸У
ԷֱŪŹأ
һ㣬ʥ֮⣬ݺʵ벻һĿܣȥͷˡ
ǵȰ鱨ȥߵӣҪߵ֣
ݺ˾
ոǷЩų͸ȫһϼ㵱ȻȨϣսͳ˧ܱһһĹ³ɡ
ȻЩ˲ͺݺ˵ĻԶ̬һֱãرڼȻǧƵĳʧʱУǾΪ͸ŹŹ֣кй
ݺȴҲøȺ˶˵ˣȺҲӴεǿߣ˵ȫ˷ѿˮ
Է϶ȥսѲУսߣöͳ˧ѾսѲУͬʱĶԲߡ
ݺģǾЩͳ˧Ȼ˵Щͳ˧ֵϢڡ
⣬ǾȳΨһᣡ
ΣݺҪһ£Ȼƽʱ϶֣ܹ֤ʵĳֵĻôҲ޶ԡ
ܿ죬սЩų͸㽫ݺѺսѲݷǰֻһؾսսʿ⸽ѲߣϾʱڸոʧ˵ʲô仯ܵһʱõϢӶӦԲߡ
ݺǣܿͻصսѲ֮С
ʱѾʧԭĻҪʱԭ
صսѲ֮Ѻͺݺսųϼȥʱʧ֮ǰ˴ʱгصʱСʣһԳѪһĹǽˣ
ݺôҲû˵ʲôøЩһۡ
ܿ죬ͿԼսѲеļλͳ˧Ϊͳ˧ȻǶһЩ˽ģЩͳ˧źݺ˵ĻǺݺҲû취ˡ
õǣݺͷ壬֪ͷģԷҲ֪ôͷĻͺ׶Ϻˡ

ںݺսѲݵʱ򣬴ʱ˿̵ȴѾǧ»صʱС
ڲӦ˵ʱˣӦһƬ̫籩Ļ֮أ
ʱʧʱѾʧ֮󣬵һʱ仯ΪޣȻǧϴƬҵ籩м
֣Χ̫еѾױռ䣬ԭʱʧͬʱԭʱе飬Ҳȫҷˡ
Ļ㼰ʱǿףû̱𣬶ڱ̫еʴ
ǿߵǵСӡǣԼӵеս̫Ʒȫ̫
˵ʵؼЩǿ߱ͱͷѹסû취ãֻĿԼ̫籩û
ʱеĴ׾ţȻȫûؾǧײεޣ׻ҷ
˵Կ˵ǧ겻ļʧ
Ҳûκΰ취ֹͷ壬Լ֤ˣֻԼܽͳʱ
ȻڣֻˣصƬ̫ееУ˱ҲãҲãûܹѵȫ̫лҷ
ЩĴǿߣ뵽ǵСУԭʱпͷ壬ȫսȥ
գṳ̂׾ı壬ܹͷѰؾ壬ȫ൱ǸĴ׾ѳᡣ
ͷף¹ʱ򣬾ȻδҪ뿪ʩΪƺҪٴοٳһʱӡ
߲ʱˣֻһѰͨƬ̫Ļ뿪ĿĵأͲ֪ˡ
ԷѴƶƻܾƻʱΪ̫¯ǰʧһǵԤϣ
ԣԷܿڴڣǰ彮УʱȻʧʧûãʱϱڻûôӹ̡
ͷ֣Ǻпܴʱϱڣ̤彮򸽽ġ
ţͷС磬ǼΪģп϶ǿݷֻȵ彮򣬵ǺУųЩǿսǺӣ
»صƬУһӾͱͷ巢ˡ
һͷɫ壬һͷ壬һͷɫ壬ͷʵֲ壬ˢˢע⵽ĳ֣
⣬ͷȫһ㶣Ȼû뵽ѾӳȥȻѡٴλѵ˵ս֮õĸ飿
ɱ
ɫ˼ɵĴ뵽ԺУڸͷء
Ȼ
ͷûֻһѻֻǸϣҲǰ۵ϣôУ
Ȼޣֻεδµ˸֪Σ
оˣ
ʱһҧڽ뵽Ƭ֮ǸоеĴڣָ˺С֮ͨ
оھһͷСУȻϢ΢ȴȷȷʵʵȻţʱûбٵСʶҲȻţҲͱõģ
ԷҪлȥսˣʱûнƻܵһڷˡ
ѾԷٻˣôڻͶȫûˡ
ڣлڣ
ȻˣĽȡˣȻǰҪͷסȻиԷ̸ʸ
彻ǵһˣ֮ǰеʶС飬彻ҪûС飬Ժ»û취Ⱥ˽ء
ε彻Ҫ˵ˣЩ߶δ׶飡


1249 ʥｻ
֮޷Ϊ˵ֲεߣȫһĴڣ϶Ȳϡ
һֻȥȥҪһֻϹͨ
ܣ
ԣͷȻȻֻˣȴֻвûκֱ֮Ӿʹ㽫ɵ˵
ʱȡڻ̣
һöɫ⾧壬г֣ʱסͷעͷһ¡
ԭóöɫ⾧壬Ǳʥﰡ
Ǳ廹ǻ廹ǻ壬ЩͳΪ塱ǴһԴ񼣡ĵطģЩԶиԵʥԴ˵ޱҪȴڲ֪ǰȫ۸ˣҲ˾Ľ統С
˵ЩʥЩ˵൱ʧٶǳֵһͷ
ҪЩ壬һͷȡԼʥĻǾԻͬģҺԥȥɼЩʥ徿жˡ
ڣټѾأȻʥȡ˳ҽ䱩¶̫з籩У
ͷˡ
Ȼţͷȴ̷ӦȻǱʧѾõĴ֣֮Ҳûʧ̫ʱ䣬һգ۱ҪǱʥߡ
ϧǣվһ㶣һ㶵ʱ̾ͳˡ
ǱʥһȡֱӾͽ䳯һߣͷķ˹ȥ
״ʱһϲҲֱӳ֣ɫģһѾǱʥץȡС
壬õ˱ʥ
⣬Ҫľ棬Ϊ֮ǰ˵ˣ֮䲢ûоģǾ൱ҵģҴǰҲûֹ
ҪǺӣôҲԿͻһ
ԣ϶ǰͷ񣬺ͷҲԲôĵģ
ʥ²Ǳʥõ֮Ǽֵߵģڣõ˱ʥºԸȥ̸Уúܶණ
壬ضԱʥõĻ彻Ĺռݺܴƣر˫ֽ壬ҪսƷʱ򡭡
Ʋ⣬ûд
ͷõ˱ʥ֮󣬸ܽʥ黹壬תܣ
ֱЦ˵ֽж⵽⣬һ˳Ǻӣܹõĺô޵ġ
ڣͷõӳıʥٲμжˣֱӾʥ뿪˴
ֻǣͷܣ
ͷֱӱ׷ȥֲϮȥΧ̫ж˿һξ룡
һͷɫıû׷ȥΪʱպúͨдһͷɫı
Ǳʥ֮⣬һ֪ʥ䣡
˿ûԼӵеģֱ̯Ƴ˵ԼҲӵлʥ
֮ǰոӳ˱ʥ仰ĿŶȣͷɫ˵Ǽߵġ
ɫ뽫ֱӸɵյһȴ˼һ£δ֡
ΪǺģȻӵгѹסʵϣƬ̫УҲѹֻܴһֻϣҲҪôһĶʱ䡣
Ҳһʱ䣬쵽ͼ֮󣬱ֱѡԱ
û˵ϻлʥֻ˵֪ʥ䣬˸ۣҲ˵ʥﲢϣ
⵹ûƭԷΪڽ֮ǰѾ˱ʥ֮ʥȫ˺ݺб档
ҵսңȻҴһͨʱͨҾ͸㣬ʥ
Ϊ侲Ǳδ̶֣֪˫Ѿ̸еĿܡ
УǧͣĽܹ޲̫гȥ
ҿ϶ǰͷûеõʥ£϶ǲˡ
ôȥ͸һԷܹܵöԷԼ뿪ˡ
дǱûҵս뿪Ҹʥ׺ܹƽõԽݣȷҪ׷ɱңҲ׾ٵ飬οң˵ûκʧ
Щͷɫıƺ˼
εĴڣ⼶ȷֻϣԷ¿ڿˮŪȴ֪ʥ䣬ܹǣסԷĵطˡ
ֶΣ
ֻ̫Ʒ֮ģҲεĴڶݣҪ˵ǣƶԷˡ
ʥȴЩѰǧ궼ûҵģһǶЩ弫ΪҪĶ
ѵ£õ˵֮󣬱̽ɱ٣
һǱڳƺǶͦȤӡ
ҿ϶뿪Ƭռ֮󣬲Ż˵ҪɱңȻ׾٣϶ҲЩ鷳һСıǿΧס
һЦдھһ£סĺҲ㲻ðɱ޹ؽҪСƭ㡣
ܲ
Ǳɫ巺һɫɽսȥ
ɫУʱг֣ĸܵСĴڣ˿
ţ뵽еڲռУҪٻޱԳôƬ̫еС
ǧҲ˿ȴжˡ
ɲ֪ͱ֮ĽУȫ֪ЩʲôʱֱӴصеڲռ䣬ֱӱһ
ô£
ǧ̲סʵ
Һͷ˸ס
򵥵˵ҿ϶ĴӦʱ̾裬ΪһСĶԷ¾ͻþƵֶΣ˵ʥ
Ȼ˾֮طҪֵס񾳽ǿߵľƣܣҲȷǷбȽаŵֶΡ
ԣʱ̶ԱıԵȫڵﵱУһǱʲô춯̾ѡԱ
ӣ񿴵ģ֪Ƕõģ֪ʥˣ


1250 ֪ͨ
ǰͷɫı˵ʥǱҪŪֵĶҪ֪ǱʥոտǱȥ
ȻϣǺԼѣǵҲᱻǻɵˣӦܹرʥģֻҪһЩʱˡ
ԣͷɫֻҪ㶨ˣҪдйػʥϢɹֱӵõʥ׬ÿɾʹˣ
Ƭ̫еУֱӾͿԽסȻһЩֶǿеõϢ
ǣ£ᱻΧ̫ǣƣӶʱԱ˵ʵ̫ؼˣ̫ˣεĴڣֻܸһǵ۾Сס
ɫȴҲûа취
˵֮Ϳʼȫ֮׼Ƭƿһȱڡ
ƾٳʱϵȱȴܹΧ̫Уǰ̫ζ
ͷɫûκԥֱӾͿʼͨ˵Ҫ뿪
еڲռУƽʵȴǳţʱпըë
С飬ûиоʲô쳣Ͳʵģ
һʶСʵ
иոձͷɫֱ˵ĻɣԷпС϶ʲôֽš
ʱûУҵֱң񲻿ŹǣֻҪ뿪һ̽ҵߣϣıʲôֽš
СЩµӣԼ⣬ΪĻͳˡ
ֻǺԼΣȻ֪»ΪһԼ϶Ը˶˵ġ
տʼоʱ˵ʵڵһʥ˾棬õ˸̸еĻᡣ
ͷǿߣҪոձպϵʱϵĻҲҪʱ䣬ֻʣһͷɫıȻǽ̫֮Ҳ̽ʱϴƣٵһʱʱС
ȡʱ䣡
ģȻǾ뿪ҽʥ߶ԷҪģҪͷһ򾡰
Լһ㣬ֻҪǿ߽٣Ҫһػпܵģ٣ʥ䵽С
Ǳ¶֮󣬽屣ܣҲ䵽Ҫõöࡣ
ޱȵĽȸУһеһУ͵ÿݺǱ߽еôˣֻ뷨ôӵùķ֣
ͷɫıȻ֪룬ȴֻǧһȥĶ
ʿ֪϶ǰȱȥˣ
ֻǣ֮ǰͻ干ͬһݣ֪ڵ״̬
ǺУܹͷ񣬵ʱһ岢ǺУǡ뿪ˡ
Ϊˣǲѡʱ壡
٣ҲֵܵסͷĽŲֻҪֳֵԷȻһֻҪǺиƻûκֵܹס
ȻͷѾ˺ôҪߣߣֻô׼
ͷɫıĶڽŲģȻɫɹİҪö࣡

սѲݵС
ݺѾʱ飬ĸսѲеĺüλͳ˧һͳ˧Ѫһ֮ˣ˵ǿźݺġ
Ź˵ģûκ˵ѣȻˣǻǸϿжɣߵ飬֪֪ͨ
Ѫδǿߣһ߶δ׵ͳ˧˵ǶԷĸԷƽʱεġ
Ѫһ壬̣ǿţֻͷͬʱ֣Ǳͻ֣δЩ˼飬λ꣬δ˵ֵ֮ġ
һ߶δΪͳ˧˵ȻͷʾѪ壬Ļȴȷˣκݺ˵Ļ
ҿͷģ
ݺ˵뿴Щͳ˧һôģȴʧȻܹ߶δ׵ͳ˧ȷ
ֱ⣬ݺƭκκô
ûУ
ΪǾʧ󣬵Ĵ׾ʱУǲʵ
ݺ˵ʵôЩͳ˧ȻҪ¼εģΪʱô飬ǾȻûֱϱ
Ȼڳͳ˧ȫǴվһͳ˧ڵ㿴һ£ȻٶȣϢ֪
ݺ̿ʼͷ壬һͷɫһͷǾ״Ƿǳı˺ܺ÷ֱ棬һͷҲص㣬ǰɫĴҪ֪Ѱ嶼Ǻɫ߻ɫġ
ͷ壬̬ԲһĻ֪ôģϾм˼
ԹܹѰߣûܻ
ںݺԼҲ˵ˣֻΪֵĵصʱУŸѵĻᣬڣѾȥʱʱ䣬ֻϣܹٶ֪飡
źݺͷϣ̾רŵʹҪϢ֪
磬ֻרԱõģҪȻ˭Ҫˣǻᷳ
ʱѾʧαش֪
ͳ˧ʾˬͬʱͷ壬һͬ壬Ҳ֪ܣӹй
ϻˣٵȥ£Ѿʧĸ׾ţѵʧ𣿡
һͳ˧ߵһʼ˵ˣñ֪ںˣĸ׾ţһӸʧ˵ģ
ڳͳ˧ֱӾͿʼó֮ìһֱУҿһֱûͣЪÿ鶼ֳɲͬϵвͬ
ݺҡҡͷ
ȻսţҲǹ̫ЩûʲôȸаҪǺܾöûʲô̫Σս۷Щͳ˧ЩȨˡ
õǣͳ˧ˡ
߶δףκһеˣÿһ߶δ׶ǼҪĴڣܹΪսŵͳ˧϶֮ڶԿ巽žԵ
ֻͳ˧ζԿķˣӶӰ쵽ߣ˵Ǹڶˣֻ˵Ӧʩò
Ҫʱһ̾ͨǿ֪Ҳ϶㵽زˡ


1251 ɫˮ
룬Ƕεǿ˵ǸǳµĴ
Ϊʵ̫ڹˣ¹彮ڣһҪͷͷҪʱҲá족ġ
ǴӵǺӣҪϵʱڵĸҲҪһʱʱ䣬ǱҪġ
ϢݱжٶҪö࣬һЩķ󣬱ԴϢԶϢݵЧܿ죬ݺ˵ЩԭⲻĴﵽԶǺУ
ϧǣһǺӵǿߣպʱ뿪ˣֻеڶǺӺ͵ǺӵõϢ
ͷͬʱ֣ͷһͷģֱӾ
ʣǶγֵͷϤģ˵ģҪ֪ǱͻУҲǶ಻˶ٸġ
õϢ̳֮ҪϵֳҪһʱʱ䡣

һƬ̫еУȻڸͷɫš
ü
֪ǿԿ϶ݺ϶ܹϢ񣬵ϹҲҪʱ䡣
Ҫƴģٶȣɫƿʱϱڵٶˣǰȸϵô˵Ӯˡ
ɫȻʱϱڣôùĺʾˡ
ڵĵûа취ĵزܹѾˣȳҲҪƴһƴûжİա
棬Ѿܹȡõľˡ
Ϊʵ̫࣬ӵʵôܻӣ
ͬǰ㣬ܹǹƥֱӵȥʥڿɾʲôⶼûˡ
ȻҲˣҲһ죬ΪϾǿΣеǿߡ
ڵֻǵ۾ô츳ֻһ
ʱ䣬һһιȥ
ʱ
һʱ
ͷɫڲҪʱϱڣȻҪһʱܹʱϱڣܹ뿪
ȻڴʱϱڣҲΪ˽ȥж㣬Ҫ彮ͷûзøǿ˼֡
ΪȷȻ֪ʥڵص㣬ôʥ彮ڣ
õ˻ʥ彮ĻôܽŪ֣
У̫е̫ڿ꣬޷֮ܵǰǻ׷ȥıΡ
εĴڣܹĻи֪˰ɣǸû취ȽԶĵطǷ˴ڡ
ڱûֻǿɫҲûб飬ѴϹ۲쵽ʲôõϢ
壬ǿͨԹɫܹ΢ʲôԷǱ壬Ǿû취ˡ
ʼձҪԱ״ֻ̬ҪɫһԱɲ˵˵ģó飬Ҳֻסͷɫ
ڣտʼһʱȥˣͷɫ֮䲢δٴνʲôΪûбҪˡ
֮䣬ûѺãֻежԣֻҪпܵĻԷԲŹһ
ȥͿˣ
ѵĵȴţһʱȥ֮󣬽Ҫˣʱ䣬ҲӦøϵˣҪôͷɫı񣬿϶ܹܿʱϱˡ
֮ǰڹʱôɫҪʱϱڣҲǷǳѵ飬˵ܡ
ʱʧãֻʱ̫֮ûʵȻͨͱ彮ڲֻʱϱڱԽԽˡ
ʱţԽԽţͬģһڲռеǧһǷǳš
Ҫ߳࣬Ȼóڵʲô¡
ͷɫǰˮϵ̫֮۳ΪУϳſʱϱڣʱϱڵĴڣҲΨεĴܹˡ
һϴΧ̫֮籩˿ȥʱϱڲ˺üѷ죡
ɫľΧ̫з籩ͬһʱڽʱϱںЩѷ
ŵͺðˣʱȥЩѷ첻ͨʱϱٴαƣ
һĻһ֪ؼʱˣʱϱ֮ⲢûĻ˵ˣ
ʱԭͷĲսޣҲǷߵ䣬æһȥ֪ͨսǱߣһ߽ŵʱϱڵڴȴҲ
˭Ҳҽ
ȴûκԥֱС鳯ʱϱڵڳȥܿͿ˳ڣȴ֣֮ƺûĴڡ
֣С⡱һ£ƺʼòˡ
ʥڸ˵˰ɣ
ɫ뵽ԺȴǲδԸĻҪͿԽɱ
ȵ뿪ʱϱڱ飬Գһʱʱ䣬Ҫȷ׷ɱҵʱҪһ۲ŻὫϢ㡣
дȻԽԽȱڣҲԽԽš
ڿڸһͷڽ˭֪Է᲻һˬֱӳһжпܵģʱܷȫֻԷˡ
ԽԽʱϱڵȱڣɫһǼʱԱӣвͷɫ
պõʱϱڵȱڣ̻һɫ⣬ͷ˳ȥ
ҲʱȻӰͻȻֱֳӾͶʱϱڵȱϣһͷͺڻһͷצͷǿƥޣһٱƽȫ𾪡

ڳˣ
ϵ̫ʱ˰ɣѵǾڸţ
ӳ죬ʱ棬ͷȻ׼һֱӳʱϱһͷ˹ȥ϶׼ȥԸ塣
ڵûȫﰲȫص㣡
Ϊ֪ͷɫıǲ϶ʲôֽţֶΣȻֻܲó
һ̣ͷͺڻīɫͷ­ͻȻתһۣȻſ³һںɫĿˮ
ԼΧڶȫЩĪô£
ò˳¿ˮô£
˼⣡
ǧȴ˵Сȥ˿϶ǷСϱֽˣڰæأ
һ⻰Ҳ룬㽫гǺɫˮ˳ȥ
֮ţΪô벻ʲôɶԼ¿ˮģ
ΨһĽͣǧ˵ˣܴ


1252 ۷岩
лһɫ⣬һײǾͺڻ³ĺɫˮϣűбϣȻֳһɫˮ
ɫˮƺڲڴǺɫˮֱ֮Ӿͱʧ١
Զǧ˿ˡ
УȻǱԷֽţʱϵͷͺڻ񿴳ϵĲף
˵ֻ˿ڿˮô򵥣ȴǰһæ
εǿߣѰ֮֮ǿߣ彮ֻ
һڿˮܹѰζ˵ˡ
ɫˮ֮бдصԣҸоûʲôˣֻǿˮѽϽϴһϴ
СĻʱЦˣһȻǿˮ̫࣬ҪǾͺڻˣ֪᲻Ѫ
٣Σǽˡ
Ҫǰ£ҲҪʧȥеʹ࣬ڵΨһҲⳡսˡ
ʱѾʲôˣˣεսܿ
ΨһģǵȴϢˣ

ʱϱڵ֮ڣͺڻ񣬻аצ񣬷ֱУһǰһͷɫסˡ
ɫϵȴû뵽Էô졣
ǵõϢ϶ɣû뵽ϼһﾹȻͲ
ɫΪϷʵӡ
֮ԸףΪΪֻͷͷ£ֱܸӹ»ԥһӣߵȴһ
ȴû뵽ͺڻͰצͷֱӾ͹ˣ
ɣȴֻһŶԡ
ͺڻ޵֮⣬ɢţЩ̫е籩ȥ
ͷͺڻʵҲֵġ
õϢȷͷҲû̫͹ˣԶҲ̾ġ
ȴû뵽ֻһоͻͷȻˣ
˵ط
Ǵˡ
צ񣬳Ǿͺڻ˵
ʵϣͷצֽͷͺڻֽɽ
ͷͷֻ֪֪һڻһͷ彮֪ͨĶ
壬ͽӴġ
Ļڻɽϸ֪һ£Ҳܵ˲ԶսϢʱٺһЦҵĸ֪ǲ㡣
оԶսɽϲȻ֪ͷΪʲôҪǰһæ
Զһ龰ˣɽẦ£
ɽǻߣ
ɫ֮£ǿԵûзߣʱϱãǲٽ壡
Σ㵱ɵ𣿡
ɽЦƻֺ꣺һȻˣ϶֮ʲôìܡȻˣǺβûɵ
ɵңʵ
ɫȴǲŲæ㵱ΪǱֻ𣿡
仰ڱǱҲкԮģϾʱͨͱ彮ڲ
ӱ彮ڲһǿ߹ɲˡ
ɽȴԴ޶ԣҲ˵ֱӾͿʼɫ
ʵϣͲµԷ˶࣬ǶԴҲ׼
ΪʲôһǺӵǿ߲ڣ
⵱Ȼԭģ
ڴʱ˿̣ңԶı彮УһͷͻȻ֣ڱ彮ֱӴɱ䣬屻ɱʬ޴棬ԴӶᣬû취赲
ε壬뵽˱彮ɵƻޱȾ˵ģһӾ˱߲ע
ԭڱ彮У׼֧Ԯʱͷ񣬶ʱ֪Լȥˡ
Ϊ˼񶼴򵽼ſˣô뿪ȥʱаæ
ܣ
Σȱ֤ԼҽеİȫУȻ嶼شۺʵ½
ԣһǺӵ񣬲û뿪Ҫصĵطǹⶵ˸Ȧӣܵϵȥˡ
£ʧʱеɫڴ֧ԮܶʱڵˣΪһǱ߱ȽϿΧҲֻܹͷ
񣬶ڱ彮ڲ
Ҫ֧ԮɲǶʱˡ
ʱΪ˷ֹ⣬ܵ彮ڱ巽ĳڣȻҲ̫룬ֻǺĵطٳĶѡ
ڣֱɱ֣
ɽ۷ǿߣΧͷɫ˿û飬Ҳûнκ̽ɱвֱӾҪԷɵ
ɫʼδ
ң
ۿ֧Ųס̺ԮԶһͷ֪鷳ȴܷʥ
ʧһͷҲҪʥŪְ
ڣͷɫսݱѾԷѹסҪɵԷرʥҲѾԤ
ʱ򣬾񣬿ɲͷɫ
۷ĲģǱǲ߻ܹȻʤģпֵܳ״˽ȥζԿ
ڣΪʥȡ³⣬Ʒչתֱ£
ɽʵȻȶԷֱӽɫ񳹵ѹƣ޻֮
ȻεǿߣһжҲû취չֳˣɫֻܲˣžڴȥ
㣬֣Ƚͷɵ
ɫΪĴкͷɫ񣺡ʥǿºη䣬ɲ̵ˣ
˵ⷬеȻͻ񶼺ؼǣڵ£ͷô
ڣõ˱ʥȫǸϽ뿪
һ뿪ȥɫ񣬻һʱͻ취룬֣ܺ
ʥĳ֣˱һмƻڳŸĵزչȥ
̫е籩Уɱɽ񣬾ǿ׼ڵ״һʼֱʩչɱУɫȫѹƣ


1253 ѡ
ûãصսѲݡ
ƾôΪʱ֮ƬռеȻһöûеģûҪǱ˷ʱ䣬ݺ棬ǱߵΡ
صսѲݵʱ̾˳֣ǧ˴ţսѲȥ
Ϊʱлųˣݺǧܵӣǧһ̾ϲͳ˧ע⡣
ܿ죬սѲݵͳ˧ǰݺ¼ˡ
طûܹȼ׺ˣ֪ǱҲѾֵúܼˡ
ӭ
ݺով˵ƽˣʱ밴ס飬ֻкģվû̵ܹסֱܹ˻
龰£˼ӿɶֱ˵˻ģҲֻкݺὫڻˡ
ô˵ƽߴ˵Ǻ£ݺֱ˹סˣҲΪܵһ顣
ûΧЩߣһ¶Ľʺ޵ı飿
ݺѪһĹһӣ
οӻ壬һǵ۾Сӣ
ȻڳĿû˸ҶκˣΪ˶Ѿ֪ս𵽵á
ô˵̫¯ʱǰʧ˵Ƕ˼ףȻĻڿͷѾ뵽彮֮У޾ıͻսʿ
˭ףͷСУ϶սŵפֻǲŵ彮򣬹Ǻӣ
ڣ֣ɽ۷ǿߣոյʱѾ֤ʵͷĴڡ
Ͼݺͷһ˿֮ɽȷܵһ˿Ϣ
ʱڻδʧʱ΢͸¶һ㣬Ѱ˸ܲͬΪεĴڣɽȴһӾ͸֪ˡ
ȷ˺ݺϢʵ֮󣬺ʺݺͳӢۡ
Ȼû취ĸ׾žʱ̫¯ʱǰʧҲкܴ͡
ֻΣװʧĴ׾ţʵǿˡ
λ˼٣սδͷ˭˭Ӯ˵һء
֮սûκ֪ʥĳ֣ЩҲǸġ
ԣڳĿҲֻһˣ֮սһЩ˽Ʋˡ
ʥڻУʹͷԲˣôõɽǿ֣ԷشҲǲܣ
ܽͷȫɱʥȡҪȻĻ֪ʥϢ϶ᴫȥ
Դ˷ǳ
Ҫͷ岻ɾͲðˣ϶һֱεĴڳ֣Ĵڣ鷳
ڣܻһϵĿ񳱣Щ壬Ļƾǵֵסġ
ĻɾʹˣûʲôϵģʥУȴǸ˶Էһᡭ
ɴĽ취ǽͷɵĻʥϢͲܴȥ
ϾڣԷƬ̫籩УϢǲܴȥģܹʱϱڣɽ񣬻Էκλ
һʱ֮ǰߴϢ彮ߵʱϱȱڣѾȫԭһʱţʱϱڽԽԽ񣬹ƾǿߣҪʱϱʱӡ
죬ҪڽֵĻʱϱڽỹԭģһҪʱϱھͲôɵˣҪ²ϵĺʱϱڲС
ʱһģִʱҲٵʮʱܹʱϱڣʱĳΡ
ȻֵĻҲпܴʱģʮ߶δ׳ʱ䣬ҲܹеʱϱڣֻҪһڣҪȻ߶δףǸ֪ʱϱڵĴڵġ
򵥵˵ڣɽôٻҪȰ²֪ս۵Ľˡ
飬ֻеȴ˳԰ͺݺǷݽ´ˡ
һΣݺǧ˴󹦣սŷ浱ȻҲģԸһЩѡдöУԷˣѡһ
ӹ˴һͳ˧УöȻУǿһ۾ͱеĽˣ
´󹦣ѡܹ
һѡֱӷսŹѫ
׺ǿˣҪõսŹѫҲҪʱ䣬ǲϵÿ㹻ս
һΣôཱ֮ǰö¼һ𣬴һʼͻ֮ʼ̫¯취סͷ塭һУӵеõʸ
⻹Щͳ˧֪ó˱ʥöԷɱ飬ҪȻĻһǧսŹѫ顣
Ȼһ㣬Ҳ֪½̫ˣɽĻҪ˳϶гĽսŹѫҪöࡣ
¿ȥ
ڶѡʸѡʮ֮Դǰʮ֮ԴģҸһЩ߼ҩ˴ĵϳ̶ȡ
򵥵˵ѡĽҪȫĻۺս
һѡѡ滹ǲ˲ٵģٶ˵ΪڲҪκİ
ڿʼʾģĸ֮Դжܴڵģοȥ϶Ҫеˮϵ̫֮
̫֮ȥ׷֮ԴҲû̫ˡ
Ȼڶѡ˵ȽϴģΪսУҪù׶һһ֮Դʸ񣬶һײУֵܼǳһѡġ
ֻڶѡ˵ȫǼˡ
ڽȥĵѡ񣬵ǱȽʵڵһһԴսеҩ似طȫһȫ״
һֵܼͬҲǳս׵ģͨߣѡһֽĻһʵͻʮֹ
ȴûôҪˣսУõս֮һҪսʲô޾ƷսҲء
似˹壬޾似ÿԵõһҲûʲôȻطڻطѾ㹻ˣȫǼƷطõطʱҲûʱȥԼս
ۺֻѡһǾսŹף


1254 ʯ
ѡսŹ׵Ľ
ʣǸǳƽĽս飬ôսŹҲǺˡ
ţ͸˱ʾһ£˰սŹܹһƷб嵥
ܿ͵õǸб嵥ͬǼһöеġ
У鿴һҪľⵤҩһ࣬Դһ࣬ҪĵȻԴеĴ֮ˡ
ҪΪҪľҪ֮еĴֻ֮Ҫ㹻Ĵܹ֮ǵ۾ĲΣ
ǲһ̫죬ȣӶѿزλпӰ쵽ʵս
ԣֽ׶ΣֻѡһЩĴ֮ȻԼǵ۾Ϊ⣬ҪһЩĴ֮еĴ֮Լľƿط
ƿأطѾ˵ڰصľ磬һأھأԲĳ̶ȣ
ط߱ھأǱѾǵңܹطЧȫӳˡ
һصҪĴ֮Ҫλᣬֱӽƿھˡ
֮ǰ˵ÿһطﵽھصʱ򶼻ʱ䣬Чܹȵڰصʱʮ
ҪǾƿطܹھأôʶ֪ʮǶ˵һ
ֻ֪ҪƿھأҪٴ֮
֪
ԣսŹף׼ȫһɴ֮սŵĲֿߣеǴ֮˶һõġ
ھ֮ħ֮طǲôżħ֮ĲڶأҪǴ֮
֮ʱѾ㹻ˣҪҲҪղٴ֮طñȲϾƿصģʱǱȲϡ
ƿص˵ھ֮󣬻ʣһЩ֮Ļǵǿ֮ˣһеÿƿҪٴ֮
Ȼ֮ǰݺԴҲ뻹һЩϾҪԴĿɲֻһ
ݺŮˣȻҲȽעúݺʵȥ
ֽ׶Σݺǿö࣬˼һжĻɻֻܹиġ
ԣԼ粢żǾƿĹطһЩ
ȻͿʼɨ
嵥Уֱѡ鿴쾧Ĵ֮
֮ӵ͵߷Ϊʯ񼶡쾧ĸлʯ̺Ĵ֮٣ͬһƷ£񼶵Ĵ̺֮Ĵ֮ǻʯİٱ
Դƣ쾧Ĵ̺֮Ĵ֮ͬһƷ£ǵİٱ񼶵һ򱶣ǻʯİ򱶣
㹻սŹѫ϶ȶһϸƷʵĸӻ㡣
ʯƷĴ֮һҪһٵսѫһ쾧ƷĴ֮ҲֻҪһսѫͿԶһˡ
˫һĹѫһ򱶣̺Ĵ֮ȴһ򱶣һĸʾͲö˵ˡ
쾧Ĵ֮սŶֻôȼ
һб嵥ȻЩ죬ΪսŵԴǳأȴû뵽бֻö쾧Ĵ֮
ɼ쾧Ĵ֮ǶôҪִ֪ڣп̺źĴ֮ģ
һһδף߶δ׾Ĵڣһö쾧֮ĻҲֱܹһ磬ɼ쾧֮У̺Ĵ֮ж١
쾧Ʒʯսѫ
һۿλбϷ쾧Ʒ֮Ϊʯ̺Ĵ֮ԲʧֻҪһȴҪսѫ൱εõȫ
¼ּĴ֮ᱻ˶һսѫ֣߶δףܹõҪвκ⣬Ҳκһ㹦ѫѣϼѣ
ԥֱѡһöʯ
Ϊֶ̺Ĵ֮Ļ϶Ǽ۸ԽߵԽ㡣
ֳʮ֣ʮö֮ĻһĴ֮ǱȲһöʯġ
֮һͳ˧˻֣ȥʯȡ
Сӣѡȷġ
ʱһѪɫ׵δ׳̤Ȼһͳ˧Ѫһ壡
ǣ
ʶԷҲֱӱʳ
ҽг룬սŸͳ˧ҲѪһĳԱ
δЦЦ˵ȻҸûѪԵϵҲǴС˵ɫ츳֪۽϶ܸߵģȴû뵽СӸ۷ˣ
ҿûи۷أ۷ˡ
һԵĺݺЦ˵ʱһѪһӶ
˵˵ţܿ˻ţҪһöʯһöרŵĴָУȡݸ
սŹףõһӡͨⷨӡԴװʯĴָܹõеʯ
ԣ;б˴ָҲû취򿪴ָõеʯģսŶеֶΡ
ʱװͻ֮ĴָУһƷӡûзӡ˸ܴ򿪣ǿֶδ򿪣ôǴָͬװŵĶһըκκô
ӡöֱָӽʯȡ˳
ôصĶɲҴŵߣֱｫеĴ֮ȫյԼ
Ȼڴ֮ͥգõİ취ǵݺСȥˣһ˶ĿһǾԵİȫսУûκ˸ҶԺݺô
һܽ˺ݺСУȻʼ׼ʯĴ֮
ںݺǧͬõ˺ܶĽ
УݺĽҲѡ񣬵һսŹѫҲѡһΪѡҲսİʲôģҲûʲôãսŹѫѡˡ
ǧͲͬˣݺӵ̫ƷҲûʲô̫ǿطʲô޾似
ԣѡ񣬾͸ͺݺͬѡ˵ֽҲս似طĻϽһܹʵĵһֽһѫҪõöࡣ
һս۵ĹУͺݺǧ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ飬ǵĽȻ٣ٵǧҲõ˳׺ķ
Ϊ飬׺Ͱ˲δ룬ǧҲմĹ⣬ȻûǧطҲܴĿ꣬ҪЭս㶨ˡ


ʮ Զŷ


1255 ֮
ݺСС
СУ̾Ϳʼ˶ʯգȻҪգܹٷ֮յʯеĴ֮
ԼգʯĻôʧĳɵĴ֮˷ѵڣͲˣ
ʵȾĲӦö˾ӡͿĵκεҩĵرеǾ۵ǿ֮
ȣȻʯеĴ֮ȻһһĴȫ˵ﵱУۼڵ߸֮ͨΧ
ĵ߸ͨǾ֮ͻκοռͬһ൱õֻ֮ͨǰûгΪ۵ͨ߸ͨвرͻ
ǰľ֣ҲֻǸͨΪ۵֮ͨȴܹӵ̫ǰеɱ䣡
Ǻ棬֪֮ǳΪ۵ܹͨɱʲôЧ
ֻҪ֮ͨΪ۵ͨҲܹ˳̤ǵ۾ﵽ۾׶ε۷塣
һ·Ȼ飬۾׶εһֱɵģٶȲҲΪУܹȫԴеԵʡ
ҪȻĻڿҲǵ۾ģܴõǵ۾ż
һﵽǵ۾磬Ѿ֮ǰʱЩˣ統ʱ¥ɽϲؽỤ̊¥ɽһһ˫׵ȵȣǵʱǻǵ۾
ڣҲ̤뵽ǵ۾ľ磡
ʯеĴ֮ճȻٴ˾֮֮ͨΧ
ȻЩ֮֮ͨϴܿ͸о仯ֻҪٹһʱ䣬ܽɱΪ۵ͨˡ
ٶ죬쾧ƷĴ֮
̲סпͷһּĴ֮ܿͱŨĴ֮𾪡
ʯеĴ֮ŨҼΪΪЩʯĴ֮Ҫõ̫̫࣡
Ųĵʯʮ֮һĴ֮͸о߸֮ͨͻȻɱ䣬ڳɾ˵߸۵ͨ
ˣ߸ͨȫΪ˵۵ͨɴ˸ı仯𽥳֣ž֮ͨɱ䣬ȫõ
ڴǵ۾̤ǵ۾Ļһ֮࣬ڵǶһЩѰλףܹĽԷˡ
˻֮⣬ΪǿȵܹоȫµڱǿܿҲ֮ǰǿһЩ似Ѱǵ۾ǵ۾Ļ¶޷˵
οħ֮ط֮Ļָٶȳ˲֪ٱ
Ȼֻʯʮ֮һĴ֮ѾΪ磬Ȼ쾧Ĵ֮ȥҪƿطھأпܵġ
ţûֹͣǼʯеĴ֮һΣδԼ磬ǽЩ֮طƿأ
ڵڰصľƿأʶ֪ͬ߳ϰٱ
ܹƿ۷壬ﵽھصĳ̶ȣôʶ֪϶ٴαһء
ÿʱܹյʯ֮ʮ֮һĴ֮ͻƻһʱľŸʱ֮Уһֱƿأطظ֪
УоΧøҲܹεϢ𽥵ģȻоԼƺܹΧһЩ֮
ô£ѵǾƿ̤ھ֮ɱ䣿
ЩȣʼⷽרעʱţԼ۳һâ΢ĹâһâȴӵмΪЧ
ڻһƿھأﵽʱĳ̶ȣôһâЧҲͿԱ֪ˡ
ʱţʯеĴ֮ϱյڣȻ󽫾ƿطš
еһ󵭵ĹâҲԽԽ
ݺС˸ʱҲƿط߸ʱʱطڵõɱ䡣
һ󵭵âըȫëƺ˿ʶ֪һӱ֮ǰʮ
ƿءڴﵽ˵ھأ۷״̬طȻɱ䣡
Ϊо÷ǳںݺСУͨʶ֪ķΧҲ֮ǰһʮ
֮ǰƿطһأҲʶ֪ڴӵڰھأȻʮʶ֪ⲻò˵һɱ䣡
⻹Ǿƿشﵽ۷֮ȫЧ
תƿطȻ۳һİɫâһɫâɢ˶ס
ҵʶ֪Ȼһʮ
һֽ֮⣬þ֮ȥӳκϣȻǿԷʮʶ֪
ֱǸ񼼣
һӾ뵽˺ͺݺϣ࣬ڵʶ֪϶ǱȲϺݺģȴԽ֮⣬ӳںݺϣúݺʶ֪һǿʮ
Ļݺĸ֪ƿطҲ۷壬˫ؾ֮Чʶ֪ܹﵽĲΣ
Ȼֻһ²⣬Ҳ֪ʩչľ֮ЧǷܹܵĻôҲֻһѡ
ݺҪƿھأкܳһξ룬ϾֻǸֶΣ޷ǿսģݺҲûʲô̫á
ô˵ƿһУ˵ǷǳõģȻֻܳһСʱ䣬Ҫĺܶؼʱ̻ԾҲ˵
ƿشﵽ۷壬ɱ䣬ҵʶ֪ԶͬĶ֣ͬˣƿصػǱȲϰӰ֮Ļް
ҡҡͷ˵ƿһҪǿʶ֪սԤԼ̽Էƻϵ㣬ЩǾƿĵط
أԭǾõģԴ̤ǵ۾֮󣬰Ӱ֮ޣЧȻҪò֪ٱܶʱûҪþƿԼˡ
ȻƿغͰӰ֮ҲǸס
ǿߣֻܰӰ֮黯Ϊ޲ܱܿԷĿ̫ǿĶֻ֣ҪƿԼ㹻ˣϾκ޵ȴǼġ
Ч𣬵ͬʱĵҲر𣬲ͬ£ҪòֶͬΣ͵ÿԼˡ
ʯʣɵĴ֮׼ǿԼ磬Ϊ̤ؾ׼


1256 Ľ
ѾܾûжԼˣֻҲȻȻţŵķȾͲǺܴˡ
ȥĻЧΪԶҪõöࡣ
ﵽǵ۾֮Ҫ̤ؾҪɱΪС磬̳Ҫ֮⣬ҪĽһ̶ȡ
ţ˼֮ǰݺ˵ЩȻ׼ƶһԼƻ
磬̤ǵ۾ʱѾŵ˷Բʮ
ڵĴ󾳽˵Ȼؾķ룬ؾʾٵ۾۾ܹĸ׶Ρ
ڸո̤۾ڵʱǷԲһ۾ڵʱǷԲԴƣڵ۾͵۾׶Σÿһؾ磬ͻһ
ǵ۾ʱ򣬸պܹﵽԲʮĳ̶ȣҪɱΪС磬ҪǷԲ
Ҳ˵ҪԼʮܹﵽ̤ؾҪؾ֮ûƿģΨһһӲˡ
ֻҪŵԲѰһĵرӡǣȻȻɱΪС磡
Ҫ磬ҪǴ֮֮ǸĴڣô֮ҲǿԵġ
ڣеʯʣɵĴ֮ûжãͻ㲻
Ҫ֮ģ뻹̤ؾҪģվ硣
û˷һʱ䣬ֱӽʯʣµĴ֮˵֮У绹ŨڵУСĻ͵һĵرӡǲС
ڻӡûʲô䣬Ȼѡ񾡿ǿĶĻױƻ
ô֮磬ʵ˵û˻Ϊ֮Ҫࡣ
Ѱߣ֮硢طȵȣҪõֻвõģпĴ֮磿
Ȼ֮Ч൱ġ
ʯ쾧Ʒĳ֮֪ؼ˶²γɣȻֻɵĴ֮ҲѸٵĽſ
һʱӷԲʮŵ˷ԲʮʯΪ쾧Ĵ֮̺ȫǸǵġ
ȥҪһЩˣΪĲţԲÿһҪʮ
Ϊһ壬ԽȻͻԽ죬Խ棬ҪĴ֮Խࡣ
ʱڽʯʣµĹˣϣڽŵ˷Բʮ
ʮһѾԶʵϣ⶯ô֮ĻҪһöʯĴ֮ܹŵԲһôࡣ
ƺűȽϺãȻżĻҲǿԼô֮ϲ١
š
Ƿĵҩƾ磬ÿһ﷽ԲҪһʱ䡣
֮ﵱȻ죬ʵϴر㡣
ڸոնһʯȻҪһԽ꣬Ҳûô⣬Ĺ֮ʹСгˡ
Ȼˡ
ǧǰʱһСӹȻǵ۾̤ǵ۾ϺЩ仯Щ͸ӡ
ƿطﵽ۷ĵھأʶЩƮ죬Щһˡ
ţأΣ
ԺݺǧԵ˵ͷȻЦʵ
ݺָƣûоı仯ֻЦЦҰսŹѫȴţʱûҪһʲôȵ˸๦ѫһãһЩ
ǻһ޾Ʒ似һ޾ƷսһطǷȽǿطǿ˲١
ǧҲ˵ûʲô
Ͼ˵ͺݺҲ֮ˡ
ǧǰиҪ㡣
ͻȻǧǿ˵ˣЩ棬ʵ֪Ƿ˵֣
졣
ǧԣɫ΢΢һ䣺֣߾Զô֪ģ
˵ǧһͻȻʧˣ壬ѵʲôϵɣ
Ҳ֪˵ǲǵĻӡ
˵ǰй飿
ţǵԱ˵ɣڴҶڵȴǵսʱûʲô
ǧ˵ͷȻݺһűϵĶȥ
ѯһ׻ʵģϾ׻ʿ϶֪׵ȥ򣬵ڼȻǧҲֱ֪ǧˡ
˵ǧ֮ĸ飬ƺҪȸ׻֮ĺһЩˣϾһһԹ壬Уǿʾеһܹȵġ
ܿ죬ǧͰѹĶ˵һ¡
ЩϢʱ˼С
ǧ˵쾹ȻҲǿ˵ˣǿУλ彮ͷһĴ죡
Ǹ򣬹ϽźüǺڵ򣬵ȻֻǹϽƬΧڵĿ˰ˣҲһǳǿĴˡ
Ƭ򣬲¥ɽϺ;ϣ彮һ
׵ĻǻЩȣ벻׾Ȼߵز
ʱ͵ϵʱ򣬻Ϊһֱ׻һ£žӦûȴҲû뵽
һµˡ
ǿǿ˵һĴ죬ôΪʲôصĽȥ
Ҫ֪ĸף͵ϵӿǲù
Ҳˣ˷糤ĸױȴһֱͱԺܿ࣬ʼȴôҲ޷
ѵ˵磬ǿӵʵ֮󣬾ͱҲܡ
ôҪȥһˣΪԼΪĸױһǱҪģڼ֮ôǾ˵ˡ
ұϾ壬һƬĹϽΧڣǿУͬĹжǷֿģԾңҲû취ϵ졣
ǧȥʰ죬а취ǿ彮ߵһ죬໥֮Ӧܹ˵ϻġ
żȸҽ˵
ҡҡͷȻ˵ǲżȥ죬֮ǰ֪˵Ǹʲô


1257 
ǧԿ˵һͣǶ֯һȽϵͳ˽⡣
ǺݺǰҲ֯رϤǧ˵ڶ˽һЩ
ˣѾʷУȽӰһ֯廹壬ѡС
˵ָּͨʽġԱۺսһ˵еĳԱͬҪǿϲ١
ǧȻֻһδ׵ľ磬Ҫͨһδ׶սôսҪȶԷǿģȡʤǱȻ顣
ڿУΪȽ϶ĿЩԱսԶԶͬߡ
еһδףܹԽսδף·绹ռһЩССƣһδףֱսĶδףԽսڻ£
Ҫ֪Ѿǽںݺˮ׼ˣںݺһδ׵ľ磬һѰδԿĻȻܹʤҲҪһЩ
ݺʲô츳
Գ֮𣬾͵õ̫ƷѾ̫ƷѪѵ˵ڰ˲㣬Ѫһ崫еǿط
ĺݺȴֻǱȿһЩǿһ㣬ɼ˵ġ൱ЧģԴ࣬õ˵ۺսǿüġ
˳ҪĿģΪսǿսսܶ˵ǿ߶սЧǿˣսպա
ͻ֮ǽ˵һ˶УҪǱȡһЩֶεĻ񼸺׵顣
һεı壬ʱǲǧƾ̽·׾Žפ£ƾСӣȷǺѵɻˣҲûа취顣
һЩͨս񣬽˵ɵĻɹٴﵽ˳ϡ
һ˲ˣҪ֪ѰսŹӶսƽɹʻٷ֮ʮ
սŵһЩܵĳЩʱܹ˳ɵĸҲֻаٷ֮ʮң˲˶٣ɼ˵ĳԱۺսһָġ
ǧ֪ˣжУǧ˺ܴҪطܹŶкܺõĸˣǿ˵ս
ǧǸͨİޣŶսܹӳȽãĴڣһЩѰսҪɼ׾ٵ飬һЩпʧܡ
ҪСսϵ⣬ͳ˵Ļÿһս񶼻⣬Сˣսϣʵ̫ˣʤܹԤϵϾһƬӣ彻սĻ
ļԱķʽҲѰ֯ͬǳԱɿ˵ĳЩԱĴȻھһЩ־Ƚǿߡ
ǿ˵ĳԱ̤׾֮ǰĿˣǧ˵֪֮ǰ׻ʣͬʱΪ˷µĳԱܵȥ
ʱû׻ԼݺΪؾǿߣڵʱ̤ƽһеĴڣҪʵĻ˸ܷ֣ڡ
죬ǧǵƺҪԱļճĴ죬彮ǱߵǺӷΧ
ڿˣǧ˵Ҳôˣ죬ǧر˽⣬ֻΪˣÿ춼Ҫ΢е˽Եʣ˵֡
ִһ¿ˡ
ϧֻһֵˣǧûʲô˽⣬ֻ֪˺Ϳ˸һֻǸǿʦۼ֯
ˣֻе֯
ˣȴǱ鲼磬ܳһʱ䣬˶ûгԱĽ򸽽һЩ˵壬ûй߹
һ㵹ֵע⣬Ǿǿ˵ĳԱ彮ǽǵõڵΪƵҩˮƽԶκʦ
Ҫǿ˵ĳԱƳκεҩκ嶼ԷõĵҩһͳʦˣѰʦһġ
Ȼֻһ֣˺Ϳȣȴǲ˲ֹһΡ
Ȼǵ̫ˣѰ˸ţ彮˵ĻҲһǳӰ֯
˽Щ˵ͷǧ˵лǰ󣬼ȻˣȥʰǰǷи˽⡣
ȷǧ˵ǲԼĸףʱûֱ˵Լףֻǳƺ
ţһȥɣӦöء
ǧ˵ͷͺݺһȥˡ

սѲݣС
׺׻ʵˣѾ˺ܳʱ䣬Ƕڵȴܹų
֮ǰݺʱӳϢǾϲһ£ΪݺǸһģܶ˶ˡ
ϢȴȻַؽ˼ʧʱȥ
Ϣ˸оĪӳΪʲôҪȥȻϲȻţַȥѰ·ȴ˼⡣
ڣһ֮ǰƽϢڴ˿ͬʱĻ˵Ľ٣ԼȷֵϢ֤ʵ
˶ϲ⣬׺ڣޱȾϲ
ǻûܹ˼ĳʱ־»ܹҲѪ幫ϵˣ
رһΣ˶ΪΪˣҲţʲô취ܹѾʧʱӳģ
˵ʱʧ֮ͷֻʣ̫е籩ӿһɵĻлڶɵһǵ۾ôܴʱϱӳ
˵ʱӳʱ˿Ӱò˲²⣬ѵͷʱϱڣ
ͷĻôܻ
һеһж͸ûܹµõΣκһܶ벻Ϊ飬ǵ֪иûܷģ
սߣû˻׼ȵ֮İš
ɽѾϢߣ˲׼ֱӷŸ˵Ľĵ˵
˷Ż˭Ҷ


1258 ջ
ܿ죬˾һսѲݵС
һ֣̾еĺ䶯ǰ׺׻ʵˣֻҪеߣȫĿ⳯Ͷ˹
ԭͺݺսѲݶѾ̫ˣѾ˲֪˲ĵز
ʱ䣬սѲݵ˶˼ʱϣʱ¼У۵ĺʾˡ
սȻûʲô¶ؼڣ֮󣬾Ȼţҽе̫¯ʱǰʧ
ңݺʱϻϢתȻ󴫵ݸˣӶɽڸϹʱ赲彮ͼ
ǰսͺݺû̫ϵؼ֮Ψ֣˾˵ı֣ܹά
ҪȻĻͷʹʱгֵǺȥˣֳˣûκһܹ赲Էһʱ䣡
Сֵܣһֱûôˣϲϲ´˰
ˬ׺Цⲽӭǰ򣺡Ѫһ幫¿еˣӣ⻹ֻǵ۾ΪҪǵ̤ؾ׵ľ磬ܹΪ彮еĴ
ǰˣҲֻˣһкݺǧǰİæҪȻĻҲƬҿռͷˡ
ȴҡҡͷǫ˵
ôǰ¶Ķֻô˵ҵȷȱ˺ݺǧκһС
ƾЩģǻңٺҲˣ
׺ˬһЦȻһ֣кһ˹Ȼ˵Ȼˣ͸ðӦõˣЩˣֻȡһսѫʣһ룬Ͷ㣬Ȼ࣬ҲһƬˣ£
⻰һֺ£
Χ׺ԵģǸ׺һЩսŹӶд󲿷ֻϤģأĺ棬֮ǰɫǡɫ޵ȵȡ
һȺֱΧͬʱлЩҲǴϻ࣬һλʱ֮ս󣬶൱ˡ
ȻεԭͷҲҪùϵһڣϾڱֳһУǺݺϵˣ˵ǱȻģЩùϵ϶ûʲô
ҪǵȵԺΪˣʱùϵûˡ
Щս׽ȻܾϾ˭Դ̫ģЩҲǷĵĸл
׺ʮսŹڣֵܹõһսŹף˵ǷǳĽˣôཱȫٶһһЩϺõĵҩԳԳһؾ
Ȼָ絽ԲһɹҲͻƵؾΪûҵʵӡǣԼСء
ӡǵĻģ϶Ҫ̵ĲӡǵģǿսѲݵĲֿвҿûһЩʵĲϡ
лλĳȴ֮ˡ
һһЩս֮󣬶һһȭʾá
ʱ۽ͻȻƳһǺѺõĿ⣬ȻǴԵһ˧Ͷģ˱ľĺޣ
һﻹڸһʱ򣬾Ͷ˳ۣˣҲûʲôֺˡ
һһȻᣬʼնûеԷҲ֪Ϊʲôǿߡ
ܿ죬˵Ҳ˵ĳԱ˹Щ˶ʱսǿߣѪĽڡ
죬֮ǰʱбץסСֵܾҡ
ǧ̤ǰһ԰˵
һ㶣漴һЦԭˣΣǧ԰Сӡ
ͶĿ࿴ˣڸǸоЩ˼
˵̫¯̫дСסпɺϻʲô⼼ɵĻôӱоȳǧǾ;Բʲôˣ
Ϊܹǧץסı壬ٶؾǿߣܹؾǿнǧȳҲʹӵдؾǿƤӵܵʵ
Ϊһǵ۾Ŷǵ۾Ҳʵ̫ѵˡ
ð˿СѾ˺ԼͬȼĴڣȻʵǿϲ֪ٱϵĿǱ
ŵ۾׶ΣͱֳۺʵɼΪ͸Ӳˡ
ȻˣҸһСǸǧл񡣡
΢΢һЦȻһ֣ȡһöӸ
ֽӹöһȵķоȻһ޾Ʒ似
似һнֻܹȻǰͳģ϶൱ģֽС⽣
ǲ֮ȴУ͵ıλɣͶԽǳͨѧǿٶȵط̫֮⣬ڽѾ¯ˡ
ػؽؽطǰıˣ͸ɡǻһˣȻн̸˹ɵġ
Ҫ˰⽣ҽ۷Բľ磬һϯֶܹͨΣ
ʲôֶͨأ
ǳɱֶ֮ΣмɱﵣһУ޾Ʒս۵ͨĹɱ
ĸǿķ棬ĸ֮⣬ֶο϶Ȳ˰⽣Ĺɡ
ڹɵΪҲͶ٣λصѪǣټɵʱ򣬿¹ҲѾǵ۾ǵ۾Ĵˡ
ߵУţֻһֱҵķͷǹˡ
ţ̲סеС⣬һҲΪɵ˽ûЩһܹ÷ˮ𰡣
Ȼ˵Ļģõ˰⽣Ҳ϶ûȥ͸ɡ
ԣЩδɾΣվǸֲϵģҴҶ֮ˣѾһι̵С塣
ͳδܾΪⶫãϾ޾ƷĽսŵĲֿУҲҪŹײܹһõ
а⽣ҶֻȻ֮öмصҲֻеȻȻǿٺúдһβ뻯
ЦЦ˵


1259 
ܳ
Լдۣ
ǻҪ̫ˡȻһ磬Ҳǵ۾ȴѾδ׵ĲΣ˫֮Ĳ֮࣬ݶš
ǰд裬ҲҲûнս⽣ǲԼˡҽ佻ҵĺѣɷ񣿡
Цһ˵
Ѿˣôã޹ء
˵ͷδԡ
˵˵ЦЦܿͰ֮ǰཻһ飬˶֪˵ľʱ̾ѡ
ͷһ֣Ȼ侲һ취ʵ˾塣
οվȻصѾʧʱУֻΪ˾ȳԼǼս־óвȻ𾴣
ʱҲڽʥ˵˳
֮ǰԵɺϣõ˱嵮֮ʥƾʥһͷͷĿڶȻ˵һͨƭһͷʱ
һ˵ڳȫЩţСӵҲ̫˰ɣ
óɹˣҪȻĻԼ
ôȷԼܹɹ
̲סʡ
ҲȷţֱֻӦȥҪȻսߵĻҿ»һӡ
ҡҡͷ˵
С鲻һ˫սʶǹϵܷȫյҩʹ̺֮һ͸
Ǵϣǽ֮·ǰ;ϣܷգãǾȥһ£ȡд
Ļʥ鲻סҪ¶ģ˵ҲûʲôҪ

ܿ죬ǰǵҵ׻ʺͰ
׻ǰǰмһ£ǧǰиң彮Ŀ˷ֲһ졭ˣǷԾĽ磿
ʳ仰ʱһֱڶ׻ʿΪ׻ȥĽ磬Դƺͦ˽ģҺܾǰƺͶ˽ˡ
죬λҲδйʲôǲ̫˽⡣
ԣüͷ΢΢һ塣
һֱߵǺս˽Ҳǰ꣬ȴھĽǸһʱ䡣
׻ʽӹ˵ҲҼ죬ţȷǴӾĽгģ𣬲ƺǰ飬û
ϵ𣿡
Щڴʡ
̫Զϵǲˣҵǿͨ˵ڲѶϢѯһΣҪ𣿡
ʵ
鷳ǰˡ
ȻҪҷǳҪ
Űȥˣܿͷعͷ˵鵽ˣԭ꣬Ѿ彮ˣǵս򣬳սϵһͳ˧
ͳ˧
⻰ЩԾȻ֪廹սͳ˧߶δ׾ǿߵΣҲ˵Ѿ̤߶δ׵ľ磿
Ȼô
̲סпһ£͵ʧ٣ܹҲͶʮʱ䣬ȻѾֱ̤ߵ㣬һܳɾٶȣһˡ
Ҫ֪ǿߣǰѾһδףڹ˰꣬Ҳδףڴ׵Ľ׶ΣҪǺεȼѣ
죬Ȼֻʮ꣬Ϊ߶δף˵ˣ
ǱߣƺǸ棬ϧս̫֮ԶˣǲͨʱӡǴ󣬶Ҫµʱܹ
ҡҡͷȻ˵СֵܣҪĻ޷ڶʱڴˡ
ţˡ
˵ͷ˵Щ
˾ûʲôˣ˷ɢȥȻй飬ͺݺ˵뿪Ա˸䣬׼ȴˡ
һΣսҪֳʤ²һʱ飬ʱɲ˷ѡ
պòŵõһٶսŹף׼һһЩƷҩеԼ硣
ӵħ֮طͬĵҩܹȫղ˷һ˿һҩʱҪܶࡣ
ںݺƿ۷ھصʱ˾ֶ֮ΣҲһطˡ
ƿرкܶô֮ǰûʲôʱ䣬Ժݺһֱ䱣ڵصĲΣڼȻʱ䣬ͿԳһˡ
ûŹһʲô֮ֱӴСȡһЩЩ֮һ֮ǰģһǸո׺Źġ
֮ǰһϵս׺˻һһǿߣӶЩǿϵĶоͰĴ֮
Щ֮˵ƷǺܸߣʤ٣⻹õ˲СкԼһЩսкЩ㲻Ķ
˵ݺϻ֮ǰʥĹеõЩСкûʱȥ鿴Ƿʲôöء
˶Դڴ󣬾кöôʱ䣬϶Ҳˣ֮ǰĿСкܶණѾûˡ
죬ȻǰЩСкһɣʲôջҲ˵
ݺһ£Ǿһ¡
һսŹףսŲֿжһʮöһģһ޾Ʒҩ𵤣ѾõĵҩˣʮŹ׿ԶһһöʮöһľŹһαˡ
ܿ͵õʮö𵤣ЩҩսԱһɵĴһǾЩ֣һ˾Ȼһôͬĵҩ
Ȼ֪ӵħ֮ģֻҪԼԼͬĵҩȫҩ
ĻҪһٶŹȫһҩҲܶһô࣬Ҫ֪սŲֿУҲ𵤵Լ۱ߣһĻЧҪϲˡ
õЩҩ֮ûκԥֱӾͽ˺ݺСУʼЩе
ЩԼˣЧ㲻
Ѿﵽ˷Բʮһö֮㻨һʱ䣬ȫЩŵ˷Բʮ
Чǲֻ̫ʱˡ
ţȻմ֮Ĵ֮ӿһЩϧԼ۱̫˵㡭
²ȫҲͽʵ֮ܶǱҪõöˣҪ֪ѰߣûѡǵҩǴ֮˾͵ã
µĲ˷ʱ䣬ûԴԴ̫˷ʱ䡭
֪ǶôĸУ


1260 ȴ֮
֮
ʼƲģʱ֮ڣҪλ˻ûгֵĻôǳٵðµʱˡ
Ϊʱ䣬㹻ʱƿʱϱڳ׻ָ֣ҪٴƿʱϱҲҪܳʱġ
ڣʱѾȥˣɽûйսѲе˶һӰ
ҲЩǣܿͷΪ񣬲οߵʱ򣬾Ѿǳˡ
ͱΪʥԭ򣬸Թںˣ൱һǣסͷ壬Ҫɽ򲻹嶼׼Ͷ˵ݰˡ
Լľ滹ǳֹ̬ȣ˲δôģ˼ڽŵĵȴյű𵤵Լ硣
һö𵤵Ҫһʱ䣬ȻҪԱħ֮Ȼܹٴηñ𵤣ȫеҩ
ֶΣںݺ˵ǵһοէȻ˵
ֱԱʱ򣬺ݺһСô£ܿȻֻһʱ䣬Ͱˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰԱǳ׵Աһ˿һû°
˵Ҫܵʲô˵Ļһգ۾ܹѸٻָˣ
Ҫ֮ǰ΢͸¶һħ֮ĵϢݺ֪Աʱ򣬺ݺ˾ͻᾪŵĲˣڹһ죬˿
Сӣ治ʡġ
ݺлŻŵģڻǷרעԼƿطˡ
ͿʼظľٶֱԽԽձ𵤣ֻҪʱͿԸ㶨ˡ
ڵҩôԽ࣬ҩԾԽϤȻܹյԽԽ졣
ҲҪĶԽԽҲԽԽߣȻħ֮طľûһʱ䡣
̵УҲǲţһʼķԲʮһֱʮ֮ķԲʮ
ʱڽʮöȫϣʮһħ֮ĵ˲١
ͻƵؾķԲһֻ﷽ԲҪ̤ؾֱɵˡ
ڣδҵʵΪӡǵĶԵʱôżˡ
Ҫǿ԰ѾӡǣǾˣСУûκа취Ըҡ
ţǿЦҡҡͷ֪ʲôҲ֪ܷӡǣ뷨ƺ졣
ݺ뷨Щȣ˫˸ɣҾӦûⰡȥ֮ҪԿҪܽӡǣɾˣЩģҪҲܵʱ򱬷ˡ˵ԻȥԣҪǲоˣʲôΣա
ҾΣգϾҺ죬뽫ӡǣһͻȻĻҿɾˡ
˵
ھڲռУͻƵؾĻ㱬Ҳ˲㣬ֻɲѪϽͻƣҪȻһѪǶûˡ
ݺЦ
ţֵһԣϾ󣬲ðջ񡣡
˼˺ܾãջǵ˵ͷҪܽԼӡǣ󼸺˵޵еˣ񣬶Էһô
Ȼֻ״̬ʲôֻһԲŻ֪ˡ
ʮ֮˻δǸ޸оʱϱƺڿʼɶӦǿߣڳƿʱϱڡ
ȴ˶ڵȴսεǿУճǰôͱ÷ǳˣǺӣûܲʧˡ
෴ҪǳֵôһΣƽȹƽֵĻܿջ˺ܴսڱͻ˵һ
ͺݺûš
ʮö֮󣬺ݺҲ㹻ƿط˵ء
յЩǴԼСоȡģؾСÿʱÿ̶ڲؾߣһǲȱ̫ġ
ֻҪάԼСƽ⣬ܹһԾȡ̫ˣھĽиĽַѰ˸ܶõġ
һСеʧ⣬Ӱ쵽ߵսСıСеҷ籩Ļܵˡ
ؾǿߣҪʱҲֹľȡ
ƿ˵أúݺʶ֪һӱܹʩϾ֮״̬ʶ֪ܹһӰ߶δ׵ĳ̶ȣ
Ҫ˵ȥ¶ûţ⻹ǺݺŽƿصĳɹҪǼĻЧӿֲ
طЧģ
ͺݺ׼һЩ۵顣
һ֮ǰã־ȻܹʮĸСкֱǸָӡǣݺѼһ𣬱
ЩСкУ϶вٶϾ߶ὫԴս֮ĶԼСкеģһȥһңþƿϵĻһ䶼©
ݺڷǳ˷ܣѹ˼ҲƲΪϲˣ˵˵ĲƲǣԴֻлãѳҲ˷ˣ
ʱ򣬺ݺûʥĹǸСĲл֪֪ϾЩǧǰ׻˵С硣
ЩԱߵСкҲֻռһСֵġ
һѡһڵʯͷȻ뵽СУʯͷϢǰӦһδ׵׻壬ֻϧǧǰͻǺӱĨɱ
ʯͷ֮еС磬ͺݺһ֣һֱܵһɻޱȵϢԼ˷
뵽ߵСкһСкУȻһƬޣһ˿һˣ
С˵Ȼһ߱СٶҲܵӰ죬رС⵽ƻСк֮еܿͻ᳹ʧˡ
С磬ˡ
˶ǰĳ׼ģû̫⣬Ҫ̽СкǰģǸոɱֵõСкмСкпܻвĴڡ
ǲδżû˻ǣһˡ


1261 ̽ջ
̽˵Скһ﷦ζ飬ȴҲ˳ڴ飬ΪһСľܹеõһЩõĶ
֮ǺˣϾС޷֮ǸСǰСдһЩȻˣѵʱСƻкܶණҲкܴһ١
ԣڱ˵СкҵʲôõĶԻǲߡ
֮ǰ̽ĿߵСкǿǿߵСкŵõôණҪ˵Скûջ񶼻һء
ͺݺ˵һСкȻʩչƿصط
ַ̧ų֮⣬ʩ˺ݺϣúݺʶ֪һʮʶ֪ıҲܹͬʱΧڵĿռ䣬ʲô©ûзֵġ
СкбͲ࣬ҪǴʲôöǿɾͿˡ
ò˵ͺݺ˵ϣƾһоƿأѰСкٶǿʮߣʱ佫ʡ̫̫ࡣ
ÿһСкٶǷԲҪȫҪʮʱſڣͺݺ֣ÿ춼Ск
һСкС
ͺݺԼĸʱ󣬷СкѾ׵ĿݽˣҪ˵Դһʵ嶼ûУѰСже֮ͨҲûˣֻһֲ޴Ŀռѷ죬ʵ嶼ɵ˵ӡ
СкǺӱݻٵ̫ˣʲôʣˡ
ݺЩʧȴδᣬϾܹʮСкȴء
ǽſʼһСкһǰʱսʱ򣬴һͷϵõСкСкȽϴΪͷǰһͷδףǺݺͦŽɵġ
Скܡʡ˴Ƚɨһ顣
νġʡСк˲ȥãҲ޴ƻģСвдĶͻȽ϶࣬ջࡣ
ݺȽǿ麮ӡУȻҲ룬С֮УȻ鲼źĵ
ͷδǰĵ֮ͨͳǰһ޴ı׶بյУɢ޾ĺ
ͷĵͨ
ܵ޾Щܲˣ˵ͷδ׵Ϊ֮ǰԶˣ֮ͨƣȴ˿֮ǰ
ԭǣϾѾȥܾˣҪǰʵ̫ǿеߴ֮ͨͱ𲻼ˡ
ڣոõδױСУһӾ͸ܵǿߵѹ
֮֮ͨͨؼʱЩǿѡԱսҪʮԴ֮ͨˡ
㲻ȥǵط̽ҹȥͺãеϲѺö֮ͨУܴ
ݺ˵꣬ȻֱӳǺبеľͱ׶ȥ
ֻԭصȺ򣬰ĿźݺɵǾͱ׶ڲѪɫĲţѪɫ˫Ҳչ˿󻹽̫ƷѪ˳ڽǾͱ׶ıƿ
ţݺֱӴУȫѪѪɫϱȷΧʴ
ݺʵͺǿοͷ廹ǱģڴԷ֮ͨУʲô̫⡣
ûãݺûʧֱӴǾͱ׶з˳
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ݺһֱ˸ϢֻӶ£ԶԶȥһ龧Ө͸ıɢ
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۾벻ôãֱһ֮ҿƷɲͨĴ֮һƷĴ֮ֵҪսŶһĻҪʮսŹף
ջѾ˵Ƿǳˣ⻹ֻСкеĵһջܻ֮ܿЩ
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ЯǰС
һ·һ֮ͨݺͻܽȥѹһţȻиջһɫĴ֮ﱻЩ֮ͨС
һʼǿ龧Ө͸ıǵƷ֮⣬ҵĴ֮ﶼֻ񼶵ģܹļѾǲˡ
Ҫ֪֮Դ˭õ˻ֱеĴ֮Լʵġ
ܹСкҵ֮ڷǳҵ顣
ţԤе飬ǾǣСкУȻһ½ĴڣƬ۳Ĵ½ϣһ
壬һûдﵽؾģؾĴڣҸϲ࣬ǿҲȼͷǵ۾εı壬вҪ˵ݺˡ
ô壬˵ͬǸܴջ
ҪҪ
һ䡣
ô壬ԱСУؼʱ̱ĻܹǿӦҪҲв٣ǾҪṩҪȻĻЩܿͻֻʣʬ塣
ҪɣСѾ벻ˣЩһˣڻûС磬ֻ磬ҲûṩǣҲе㷳ˡ
ݺ˼˵
Ͳ鿴һ£ԼܾǰݵһȺ壬ȻѾһ룬ʣµһСҲǲûʲôˡ
Щ壬ϣʹڵʱݵģȥʱҲˣھѾȫˡ
һĻӦûʲô⣬ϾҲ̤ؾˣȥܲܰѾӡǰɡ
˵
ʱЩ尲ԼУؼʱֱܾȡǵΪԼã˵Ҳ˸ֶΡ
˵ǰƬĴ½ȲôбҲȲô࣬Ҳǲ٣ǧͷֲεı塣
ݺ˵ͷ˵ıʾͬ⡣
ݵʱڣӦò̫壬ʵֻʵСĻǱ廹𶼲󣬷ġ
ԵģСĻؼʱҪеԥϾԼͬ塣
һףؾǿΪСеṩҪڹؼʱ̣ҲΪؾǿ߶Լ󲿷
飬ǻûôԲǺ˽⣬Ҫ˱ȽѲĶ֣ԡ
ȻסεĶ֣ζܶԿģǾûҪʲôˡ


1262 
ܿ죬㽫½ϵıȫ뵽ԼУͻľ䣬Щȫһ֪ʲô£½϶ס
ôЩ嶼뿪½ʲôӰ죬ҲȥЩˡ
Щ嶼ǱĽҪ֮ǰҪֻҪЩͿˡ
ȻȻû취ȫߣȴɽǵһɣ½ܹжٱ壿
ǧͷ
ô壬ÿһͷһĻҲĺüˡ
Ȼؼʱ̣ҲûҪȥǵΪֻǴУҲܹĽ֮
ô壬Ľ֮ӶĻҲɣ
Ȼ˼Ск߸֮ͨȫһ飬ҲûʲôöˣǸԴСк֮뿪ˡ
С磬ܹһʱ䣬ȥ˼ʼСкȱЩȽϡʡıСк
˺üʱ䣬ڽյõõıСкȫ̽ɾˣҵõ˲ٶϧкܴһֶֻбܹõⵤҩ嶼ûá
֮ͬ䣬״̬ʵ̫ˣ廹ãҪ컹ǲ˶ٵģͼûʲôͬĵط
еڣȴֻһöˣܹյĵҩҩȻǲһˡ
ҲֻĶÿ嶼һģ飬֮ͨͨЩûʲô
õĶУͺݺõģʾһЩϣĴ֮ܹһҲʮսŹ׵ļֵջѾǷǳˡ
ҪľʼöƷĴ֮ֵжʮףҪȻĻЩСҲòʲôмֵĶ
һ˵սı壬ǺٰĶϵģǱ壬Ҳһġ
ҪغͽĻôսߣὫصĶΪеʵ̫ˣܴܻزѺöϵĻǶ壿
ҪǣսϣսʱûǸʱȥԴģ˭ԱΪһҪ񣬶˭Ҳ֪Լڻҵսܷ
Ҫÿ˶оսϣһģпܾ͵ʴףֱӺɱҲˡ
ͺݺεõʡıСкҲõˣΪˣһӴ׬һʡ
˵ոյŹףĶֵܼʮףƺࡣ
Ҫ֪˶ĹͲյõģ
ʮףǶ׺δǿ˵ƽʱҪæ²Ūء
˵ջʵǲСģֻǶ˵ƺûʲôá
ЩСк֮ϻвʥĹСкܹʮ߸
ȥ˿ɾʱûЩСкˣΪһֱĵȴڽˣ뵱ȥ˴Լʱ䣬ǿߣڻعˣ
һգͺݺպôһСкг˹֪ͨˣɽλˣʤ˵սǳ
һϲսǳѵλͷ嶼ɵˣ
˵һֱĽ֣һֱǿߣɲôɱģԻ治һɡ
ĵĻ֮ǰĵҲûҪˣǵ֪бʥ顣
ϢҪǴȥ嶼֪ĻǺпЩ嶼˵һһУʣҲǵʱΨһܹˡ
õǣƺ
ͺݺˣæܳȥ˿Ȼֺܶ˶ڳȥսѲУ˶ӵۼ˹
ҲսѲݵΣδôһӵһģʮһУ
ЩĵȻǼһλˣϾεĴڣѰ˼궼һõһΡ
һҲǱͷһȽͻȻļƻǿ߳ҪȻĻٻսǿ߶ġ
ƽʱʱǿ߿ɶԼְѰսǲ֣ǱһǿӦԣûҪ
ԣѰҪǿߣǼ͵ģڣǿȴڻʤ˵ս۾ƱŤת
ս۵Ĺؼǿߵĳ֣Ѿˡ
ͺݺʱ򣬵ǲϳǣҸ·ģܹĹȥ
ʱǿߣɽλ룬ɢǿƣΧʮ˶˵һ仰УȻԤϵİûһ˴
̫ѼˣҲֻƣпͬʱѹס˶˰ɡ
ˡ
ܿ죬Χ˽£ͺݺ˴룬ǿߵǰ
Ҳٴθ֮ǰһελ档
СӣɵĲԿսУ˾Եá
ڻڻΪһɫƤ׳ЦŶ˵ڿս۵ĽˣεʱսۣսǼͷ񣬲ҽͷͬɵ
˵ԤϵУʱ򣬻԰ļ
ĸɵˣ
Ǳߣͷ񣬴ӽ϶ߣǵ鷳ˣôսۣҪһ䡣
֮Ǹ쳣ĽˣʱҲЦ˵
Ϣ˵ȫһڣҲͲסǿߵȫʮ˻̲ס
̫ˣ
ȻɵˣһӸɵͷ
һͷʵǲܵˣ廹пԱʵиһĴ
˵ߣ֪ǱܹжͷǿߣϿ϶Ǻģͷȥ彮ĻҪؽ÷ǳѡ
ȻսϿɲֻбһˣиˣ彮Χʱ׼ܹž͵ˡ
ԣҪĻзǳ꾡ļƻУҪȻ׸εıһ͵ʴס


1263 һѫ
սḷ̌λǿ߶û˵ûҪ˵ֻǽӢ꣬Ҳ˽ﴫ˵һ¾սϸڡ
ϾһʼʱΪȶһ棬ıʥĻⳡսô˵أ˵սܵĸʸһЩ
ԣսĹȻҪĲˣǱʥͶˡ
ܿ죬ͰѾս̸ȫ˵һ顣
ԭʱӳ֮ɽ˾һֹͷɫ񣬶ͷ񣬺ͰɫԶ˭ûйæ
ΪͷҪȰѻеıʥȻȥͬæҪȻĻԻûܡ
һսĹؼڣͷɫͻ񣬾˭ָܼһЩ
Զ׼ˣϾ߶ԸͷɫԶһʱֽ֮Էɵ
ԶͷҲѾһϢȴȻڼţûñʥﱻߡ
һͷɫ񣬻ܵˣôȥͲö˵ˣǿߣֱӽͷɵ
ȻɽԸʣͷǽСеıʥȡ˳õС
ȻٴԶһվǽʣͷɵˣ涼ȫļ㵱У˿
ʥãԵ쾡£
һΣͷ˵źܴս壬΢Ӱ쵽һɽܹջǿߵСк
ǿ۵ľ磬˵ȲϾ۷ĲΣССкҲѾܹĽᲢ۵ģ
˷ܵǣɽȡһСкȻͷģıСк
ǿߵսսʵ̫ң˵ԷɹնɱԷСкܶطҲѾˣο֮ʱԷȻҪԱֻϧɽǿֶֹˣսԷ׸ɵ
񾳽СкȻǧٿ׵ģ϶Ҳвٺöɣ
һӾ˷֪۵С̫ĺöЩǾġ
Ϊһǿߣͷľ񣬵Ȼ뵽Լγ棬˵СжǴڵģܶౣĺöԴȵȣȫᴢ档
һǧǿߣСкУжĶ
ʤ
ȻõͷСкѾǱƻΪصˣжٺöܹҲһء
ô˵Ǻܴһᣬ˵ܹõʲôǳõĶЩɣСкԼʱ򣬻᲻Ѿеĺöȫùˣ
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ƺǿɻٴζЦģȻǸĽǾ;ȶģֻҲиСкǱʥģΣ
⻰ûͺãҪȻöûҪҲûˡ
ǱʥȻȡˣûҪϾսԵĶûãҲܿʵȽ屣ܺˡ
²⣬Щʥ͵ԴйأЩϵǲξڻúء
ȵҪõʥʱ϶Ѿﵽһ൱ߵĵزʱ֮ĵλӦòˣϱҲ٣ҪҪػ߻һöʥӦûʲô⡣
ͷͬˣɽ˿
ǻͬ⣬ҪʥռУĻǿ϶һЩͻġ
Ҫ֪ʥ֣϶ҪռеģٽһСӣ˴󹦣ʥֶ۾εܹ˵ġ
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ЦŶ˵ͬʱ仰Ҳ˿ȥڳʮȫˣʱһȻ󲨡
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һѫ£ʵ̫һЩΪܹսĹףһս۵ĴȫʤпܵõĽ¡
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Ȼսö˵ܹԱ֮ս𵽺ܴľãѵа˷ǳҪĽɫ
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⣬һѫ»кܶôϸڷ棬˵ȻǺˣҲֻһЩףһѫô
ţԺ󽫻һҪĻᣬǶǿҪĻᣡ
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ʲôƣÿʮŹףʵʲôһҪĻᣬһѫѵõĵط
Ҫֻ֪ᣬ߶δ׾սͳ˧ģȻͳ˧һлõأҪõһѫ£ʵ̫ˡ
ڵǻⶫʲôã֮лǷǳܿ죬е֪һѫµ֮һӾ˷


1264 ѧԺ
ܿͽһѫеĹöһ飬Щһӱ˷ܡ
һһѫ൱ǡơЧֻҪĽ֮ڣ˭ҶֵĻǶսſսսŵĵˣ
һ㣬ܹõһѫµ˵ûʲôãΪܹս´󹦣õһѫµģ߶δ֮⣬ʲô˿õ
߶δײεĴڣǰĽ֮УͲ˶ǶˣΪ֮£Ѿ޵еĴڣܲ뵽ɱ
ҲֻɺϣڱȽϵΪʱõһѫˣ˵һԺ彮кߡ
֮ǰְͽȵΧĻԷôˣҪȻս׷ǻὫֵ峹ģҪսŵȨԡ
ڶӵһѫ֮ÿܹԶʮսŹѫڶһָԴڸոյõѫµʱлĻսŹѫ
Ҳ˵ٴսŹѫսŹѫʱû뵽Ҫһʲô۶һʲôۺʵһΡ
ҲҪһ㣬ǾӵһεǿҪĻᣬƾһöһѫ£Ժʲô̫鷳飬Ϳǿæ
뵽ľǹǱʥˣʱҪõʱ򣬻ֻ
ҪõʥﻹúأҲ֪ʱ᲻ѾõˣǱҪĻǿ߰æĻõΪܹܴ鷳Ļᣡ
ҪģڽȥǻһЩСķ棬ʮȫǹĳЩԻһЩȨ
ЩСȨȻǺҪÿһгĻѰ˵ҲǺܴĸˡ
ÿ껹һ׾ŵĻᣬ׾Űæʱ䣬ֻҪǲΥ飬Ƕְæ⻹ֻһȨ
֪һѫ¾жã˵൱ڿ彮Уȫˡ
ںܶ෽棬ѫ¶ܸṩܶ㹻˼ˣԱһܿΧĽʺ޵顣
лǰ
õһѫ֮󣬱ЦŸл
һöĽɫѫµݸ֮ǰ׼˵ģ˳˳ɫѫϣ˵ı־ƺһַǳͼ̵ĲϣָоԼҪݻѫǼܵ顣
öɫһѫ±棬ǵš֣ԿΪƵġ
ÿһöһѫ£ȫǶһ޶ĴڣΪĳ˶ƵģԱ˷Ҳܷĳ
ǲϵ⣬Ϊһѫ棬һǿߵϢöѫ棬͸оϢֻҪöѫ£һӾ˽⣬öѫǿƳġ
ΪֹܹõһǿߵСкڶһѫ£⻹û꣬ȥбġ
Ϊ˵֮󣬺ڻɽ˹
㣬ȻΪߣؾҲԶˣһᣬɽȥҸս㽫õһᣬһѧԺĻᣡ
ɽ˹Ц˵֮һΧ𾪡
ѧԺȻѧԺ
ڳ˶һһѫ£ѧԺ͸˲ˣ˵һѫµĻãеɷڵĻôܹѧԺǾǾʵǱ֤ˣ
ѧԺ򵥵˵ǽΪĵطҪпŷǳϿѧԺеҲһٸ˵֮УӢеľӢǽпܳΪεĴڡ
ѧԺеľӢҪ̤񾳽磬ʶǷǳ͵ģҪȻҲᵽΪֹʮˡ
Ҫľ磬ʵ̫ˣ
˸Ϣ˵ϵʥŮƺЩϵ
ɽһ˫Ŀ͵˵ҲѧԺһԱȻڣѾбҵˡ
ṳ̂ɣͿԱҵ𣿡
Щ֡
ѧԺıҵɲ̤ҪĻһӶܱҵˣ
һԵЦֻҪܹѧԺ㹻񣬴㹻Ļ֣ͿԴбҵˣѧԺּδȴҪֻ̤ܰ;һЩ·ҶһЩָ㣬Ҫ֪ѧԺУʱ򣬸ѧԱָġ
ԭˡ
Ե˵ͷѧԺҲΪģֲôǿƣ϶߶δ׵ľ磬δ׵Ѫ仹Ҫǿܶ౶ء
򵥵˵ѧԺǸ֮츳ߣһʵĳңһǿָĻᡣ
˵Ȼǿ飬ѧԺʵɼѧԺ϶Ǹѡ
ڴ֮ǰɽȴ˵Ҫһսֻͨսܹ뵽ѧԺȥ
֪ɽǰҪҵսʲô
һ䡣
ܼ򵥣ܱľͿˡ
ɽһЦȻǾǵ۾Ϊ㲻£ҲǱ𵱳ǵ۾ʱӵеʵֻҪܽܣӵ̤ѧԺʸ񡣡
һǿߵľ
һʱһѶȻǴҪ֪εǿߣǵ۾ʱ򣬾Ϳ϶ѾǿˣԽսʲôĿ϶ڻ£ҪȻҲûʲô̤ľˡ
ΧҲʱ֪ˣһʱȫ۷׷
ǵ۾ˮ׼Ȼڱκͱս˴󹦣ʵо߶ǲġ
Ϊֻò´󹦣ʵ޹أʵ϶ǲôġ
ս֣ȴһǿߵľȻΪǵ۾ĲΣһս϶Ҫǿϲ֪ٱɣ
Ͼǿǿ߰
СѣҲ˾ȣ˵񣬵ǵ۾ʱʵҲرͣʵĻս˵׾پɵˡ
ɽɴ۾ЦһЦ˵


1265 
ɽĻ˵ͷƽһ顣
ţҪԡ
ⶼһᣬϵܷ̤ѧԺһǳѵõ
ǿߵľսֻᣬǿģͬεսǿߣսлóɳ
ţĺˣ㰲һռ䣬Ǹռ˼ɵʩչֶΣصı֪ܡ
ɽˬʵЦŵڱ𣬵ȻֶܰζҲûʲôϵɣ
ţ޷
Ե˵ͷȷˣɽܹΪεǿߣ䱾϶Ǿкܴɾ͵ģֶСһĶ
ɽԼʵҲã˵ָһЩĲ֮ĳЩЩ
λʱζԿս۽֮е˱ɢȥΪҲʲôˣλת׼뿪
Ȼ׼ȥݺһˣͲ˼ˡ
ܿ죬Ҳ뿪ˣֻʣͺݺɽǰսѲеһ
ν򣬾ûеõκˣܽĵطڴвٴǿػŵġ
ڣһ㶼һЩսԴõģҪĲܹ飬طС
ڣɽҪһսĻͱȽβҲκ˴ţ徲һЩ
ܿ죬ɽڵһȽϴķڣⷿУֱ̧۳ˮϵ̫֮ȻƬ̾ʹһռ䣡
ȻɽһȴŬŬˣȥɣҲǶһο飬ҲһλᣬϣܴսһЩͨսҲеջ񡣡
š
˵ͷʵȴǶԼĵģԸǵ۾εƺǿ£Լͬʱܹκˡ
Ȼɽľʷǿ֣ͬѾʮֵ׼бҪ£Լֶζʩչ
Ҫ޷ɽľҲû취ˣĵ߾ǽɱﵶʩչԣУǾͷ
ǿֶΣҲôкϹɱǾ۵ͨ
ʩչЩɱ֮ǰǿԶһֶ̽ġ
ɽǰҿɲһսһľҲҪء
һԵĺݺͻȻһ䣬սҲЩ಻סҪֵĳ嶯
ԣҲ˵ͷǰǷĻúݺҲһսһΣ
лỹҪˣɽ˵ٴһռ;ݺսҲʲôѵ飬ӻ־ͿԽ˵ġ
ңɽãҲʺҪʱˡ
û⡣ʵѪһ壬ѾǼλԤԼˣҪһҪ˲μѧԺĿˣȻ֪ǲ㡭Ȼɺˣ͸Сһ˰ɡ
ɽһЦȻѪһǸȻǣͲҪǸˣ˰ɡ
лǰ
ݺǰһϲЦտȻɽǳãССǻӦġ
ؼǣôɽ״׻ɱǿߣȫĸΪǴһĻɱ
ڱʥջ£ǸƣȻ̫֮пռлɱͷ
˵ǽǧߵսõջˣһŤתԱʱơ
ս£֮ǰʧĴ׾ţҲǿԽܵʧˣȻǷǳϧʧĴ׾ȫ˵΢΢ʧˡ
ΪͷСУвŲ׾ţͷȫɽֱЩ׾ȫɵˡ
Щͻ׾ţܹʮһгʮһؾʿôˣһǺеʱ򣬽ƻ
ǿߵİæǺӿһزסǶ˵ɾйʧˡ
Ǻӣ彮ϣһʧأҲζ彮ֱӵսһ뵽Σյĵز
ⳡսУݺĹײض˵ɽڵҲǺõ˼㣬ֻҪֵҪܹܵˡ
ɽӦ֮ٴ̧֣ˮϵ̫֮ڷйһռ䣬µĶռУһһδ׾ľɽһδʱڵӰ
ʵҲ൱ɽһδʱˮ׼Ƿǳǿ
ݺ˵ʵҲǿܹսʤδײεı֣ɽľսǷǳ˵ġ
ݺһ̧֮ŲǶռ˽ȥ׼ȥսɽ
ǰ׹һҰһתһһƬɫļžռ䵱Уռȫˮϵ̫֮ɣǺܴ󣬵ȴ㹻жսˡ
ˮϵ̫֮ƺܺãÿ㿿Сһˡ
Ƭɫռ䣬ΪпӴ̫֮Ҳֻˮϵ̫֮ˣѾȫˮϵ̫֮ϧû򵽡
ҪѸˮϵ̫֮ĻƺռԵϳ̶ԽߣԽһЩ뵽Լ֮ǰõЩϡ
ʺʯ߲ʾۣһϵиϣͿƳеħеȵ쵤ҩеͿԴߺͿռĵϳ̶ȡ
ֻǲ֪ܲƳЩ쵤ҩˣ˵쵤ҩѣôӵпຣҩսģܹƳĻҲ̫֡
ֻһЩȻܿרעӦǰ
ƬɫļžռУ֮⣬һӰڣǱһɫƤĺӣμΪ׳˶࣬һǺڻɽģ
ɽıһͷڻ⾵δ屾壬Ȼ̬Ȼ׼һʼȫ֣Ҳһսʼ֮ǰȿ϶Ҫ̽һġ
ǿߣǵ۾ʱľϣʧ
гս⣬˵ʵûܹԼһս֣ͬǰȻôöԸˡ
ϣɽľԶԶѰĵ۾ǿߣĳЩؾߣȲ⾵Ƹѹ
һΣյֱǱʶľȫע


1266 սһ
ɽľһ׳˶ĺƤӣͣפƬɫյУ˫Ŀƺڵȴ֡
ȻҳֵĻҾͲˡ
Ǿɣ۾ɨ˶ԷһۣȻ̧֣Լпʼġ
䰵ǣ
һöһö䰵ǣ۳Ȼ׳˶˹ȥöǧö䰵һ·ɳۣܿ׳˶ӣ
ʱ׳˶ڶˣĿһ˫ͫбڹâڵ⣬˲ն£
⣬գһЩ䰵ǾѾȫնʧһ似վ̫ЩĲ˵似ѾʲôЧˡ
Ŀ겢ö䰵ǶԶԷвֻ뿴ԷõʲôԵġ
ȻҲǰӰģ֪⾵Եģ̫֮
ţȻ֪ڵɽˮϵ̫֮ģȴһ
ɽ˵ģ⾵ɽǵ۾ʱڵ̬ôʱɽûˮϵ̫֮
ȥⲫǿԷⲫĻпܴٽ޾似սһǿԼ
һУֻսвܵõģ
Ȼ޵ǿ٣ԼǿȻǺĵģһ£̾ʩչȥΣȻƿس׽ԼϢ
ٶһӴ׳˶˫֮ʧöԷƤһΪֵȥ֮Ȼζںη
ڵֶΣԶԶˮ׼ģǴ׾ǿߣһܹȫص˵ǰ׳˶ǵ۾ˡ
ʩչֶλǱȽģҪʩչӰ֮黯ޣԷܸ֪Ĵڡ
ڣֻҪþƿؾ㹻ˣϾľƿѾ۷壬ﵽ˵ھصĲΣ
ȥ֮ϢĿ׳˶񣬸뷢ͻϮԷȴͻȻһƣȻΧ
һıԤ⵽Ҫ͵ϮֱʩչͨʱյøպãȻǷֺ
һĻδԷһĻ͵ϮѾˣպڹϣԷȻֱһĻƳΧɢһܵв
֡սȭڣ
˵ԷľٶһȴҲûоţȭͷȫսȭͷϣֱӳ˶ԷıĲƵУ
ƾǿȻӲԷһͨ˲ЩĲƣȻһȭ׳˶ĺȥ
սļϮһƿ֮Ӳ׳˶ĺϣһȭҷɳȥ
ûκͣ٣׳˶ͬڵһ˳ȥƬɫзɳʮɣסΣȻĽֵˡ
ȻһǿսȭڣκλڣϮһζԷ׼ûôױˡ
һɫĴ׳˶񱳺֣Ȼһɫļƺһз似ɰӰĺͺ϶ɵģһӾ͹һǿķϣ
һȭȥʱоӲĶһȭͷ飬ǲɫļϾȻһ˿ѷ춼ûС
Ȼôǿ
ͷһиֳΪصɫܵǰɽľ밵Ӱĺͺĵϳ̶붼ﵽ˵ʮ
û飬Լ밵Ӱϵʮһ֮⣬ԵĶϵ߰˼ѡ
ԵϵʮһʩչֶΣôǿҲȻˣһȭȥԼеˣȭͷ飬Ҫ֪ǿȣǾ˶ǿģ÷ˣɼԷϵǿ
ҿսòңڲŴɾ磬̫ˣҶԿսĵ̶Ҳߡ
ЩϧڵȻþ˺ʱһݣٳԿսȭڣ׼ʩչֶͨΡ
ΪսУ޷ƵÿԷȥĻҲ˷пܱԷҵᣬһ
ɽľôǿôĹֶζȻҲǲͬ죬ƾڵǿȣ޷ֵסġ
ҲŽħ֮ڶأ˺֯ٶȲرǿɲ뱻׳˶ش
һ̣ſڵľѸۣһ̱㱬һϢϢ˲ƿն˳ǲǿӲķϡ
Ϣ˵ͨһУʱ˿̶óҲһЧֻǲǿӲķϣʱѺۣȻѺѸٳΧɢȥ
Ǻڰĺͺһ۶ɣӵмֲķľϢȴҲȫֵס
ΪľϢͷǳǿӰϵ˵ʮһټһСֵʾģʽʩչѰͬ߾Եֵסġ
ǰɽľʩչǿϣľϢǰҲԵЩˣһ㱻ѷ죬ȻѸɢѿ
ţ
ȻϢƻɽ׳˶˶ЩԤˣᡰסһ̧֮ڶϡ
ְӰԺͺںһγɵϣľȻ٣׳˶㽫ʩչ
ƾһϣû취ϢסģصȻϢסȻ϶飬׳˶ȴҲûܵκ˺
ֻһϢת˲
׳˶üͷ΢壬ΪȻƴȥĻᴦƣһϣ˭֪˭
ԣ׳˶һ̱ıӦԷȴֱӻΪһɫ⣬ȻֱƿգҪΧȥȻҪһھϢ
Ը
죡
׼õһƷʩչ˵ͬɫĹ˲ֱӽ׳˶񻯳ɵĺɫסѹ˵
Ȼֻ˲䣬Ǻɫ㱬İ˵飬ϢȴҲѾˣһӽǵɫû
ȻûɿһֲѹȴͻȻӾϢĵطͬлХɽ֣ɫжѹ֡
ҲܵһѹҪԼ壬ʱ򣬾֮طȴãصľ֮壬ʱԶԷѹûܵκӰ죡
ৣৣৣ
ɫ˷ϮԷΪסˣֱӷ˹ƣз


1267 ս񣨶
ԷƣҪһǿʱȴ֪ûбӰ졣
ɫϮͻȻȴֱӴԭʧкɫȫϮ˿մ
ţ
͸׳˶ӾˣΪȫû뵽ȻûвκЧ⻹״
ǰһеʱ򣬶ԷûбסҲЩѪȣӶ¶
ڣȴһӰ춼ûУ⵽ʱֱӾͻΪʧ˳Уȫ֪Ĵˡ
ޣܹ
޵״̬£ϱ任λãܿɫϮΧȻƵһſһھϢ
һг֣׳˶̷ӦͷŭһХһ񱩵ĺڰ쫷磬ӭһھϢ
Ȼһ񱩵ĺڰ쫷磬׳˶һͨƺǸ߼֮ͨһϢȻ¡
ϾϢֻĵͨǱȲϺĸ߼ͨԷͨ൱Ҳġ
˫˲佻һ𣬱ױȵĿֲ˳˳ֱӱ鿪׳˶˫һɣź󷽱ʮɣԵƬɫռıԵ
Уڰ쫷;ϢȻ໥ʱ仺ƣǻȥ
ʯ֮䣬˫ֶζ̽һһ̣ԶԷѾ΢ϤһЩΪƿصԵʣԿԷʲôλΪһЩ
Ȼ֪Է϶ԵˣҲܹһٶȷǿ
ˣøѹˡ
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һֻ˲䣬ͨ廷ˮϵ̫֮ƿնȥٶȼ죬׳˶ûܹӦ
һֱ̣ӴӶԷڴ׳˶˸ȻֻǾ⾵ȴҲͬһʺѪҺ֮ʶ
Ҫ׳˶ɵȴҲǲܵġ
һ̣׳˶ȫ˲¡ĵȫ£˵ĵطȻһѩĹâ˸ǹģ޸˵
Ȼ̫֮Ǳ̫¯ս𣿹Ȼôǿ󣡡
׳˶Ҳǳһٶʵ̫ˣŸͬǵ۾͸еĽŲ
Ҳֻܶñ֮ǰǿֶΣȴȫԽԽŨڣҴһηϢ״̬µ׳˶ƺ÷ǳΣա
С飬Сĵ㡣
һ䣬ȻԼҲûţֱһ̧֣е޾Ʒսȡ˳
ţ˫ĿһУֱӶڲȻתҪʩչƵף
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С飬й
һ̣磬˲Ϣ̹ȥǴһѡǿսͬһʱ䳯׳˶񹥻ȥ
ʮþȵһμлȴδеʲôЧһһΧĺУоǵһޱ޼ʵĿռ䵱Уͷ·ûоƺһźһ㡣
ܿһתŴ͸һӱ㴩һһɢˡ
ɢ֮ԭеľȴȫʧˡ
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ˣһйŹ֣
С鼸ͬʱӦ˹оƿصĴڣԷƤӵ֮Ķ
ڼȻԷʧпܵıǳĵһռС
УȻһУ·һռ䣻ֱӴ͸˺ɢ˿ȥӾ׼ĸܵһЩ
ЩУȻһһڲռ䣬Щռ䶼ǳڣ֪ǲһռУ
оʵ̫鷳ˣһŨУڲռǳ࣬Ҳǧÿһڲռ䶼һޱ߼ʵС磬ľƿطУ޷̽⵽ôһƬΧ
ƻЩռ䡭С飬𣿡
ڣȻС취ϾСȫˮϵ̫֮ڿռ䷽ǱҪǿöࡣ
ţҾԣ
Ƭشʱг֣ʱûƬһЩڲռУˮϵ̫֮۳һ棬иЩеĿռ
виЩȻϼţʱ䶸һͻͻȻĳ򴫳ֲľһӱסˣ
һͻǱ֮ǰͻҪǿöˣܵӰ죬ҪǶԷͻû˿׼ȻǾ֮弰ʱתҲûȫסԷεľ񹥻
Ҫǣ֪Էľ񹥻Ǵʲôطģ
ͻ֮ľδ֣Ǽûȥȴܵһ㾫ϵĴˣصľ֮طûܹ׵ֵס
ڣǺأѰǵ۾ߣڿѾ̱ڵϣȫʧȥսˡ
Ҳ˾֮壬ھķͻ
Щȫɢ
˵ţͬʱ˫иֳصɫԷսʵ̫޳ˡ
ȻúϢĴǧռȻ棬䲻һֶΣǵһμ
Ȼ޳ܣʷǳЧȻڶԷһ³˸Сڻûд߳
Ȼˮϵ̫֮һٴݻʮĶռ䣬һСƬɢҪɢȫҪٵʱ䡣
ȥȫעĴ߶֮طöԷͻľû뵽ǣԷȻֲȡողֶͬΡ
δӦͻȻоԼռĲһϮͷһȴֻһӰһǰӰȭϣҷɳȥ
ľȻעȻ뵽ڲ


1268 ս
ôҲ벻ԷȻԽ뵽ڲ
Ҫ֪ΧǽڿǴпռεЧģѰ߸ֱ˲ƽӵĳֿռ䴩ԽֶΡ
ڣľȻӵֶΣ
ԷһǰӰȭϣ˷˳ȥˤڲռשϡ
Ѿȫ޸һ޾Ʒսϸϵϵĵزһܹﵽյ˫Σ
֮仹кǿĬģԷҷɵͬʱȻ˲Χǽ͸뵽ڵĺɫΧ
ɵ
վͷһ֣ƷԨų֣ڿռѷΧֳȻͬ˰ĴǾϡ
һ̣ڷֱһ̯ɢɳһɢһأȻĺɫ̣ʧˡ
ⲻǱ塣
һݣľӼɵˡ
ȻֵڵľǱ壬ǷķԲŻôһûһʵĴڣһŰӰ۶ɵˡ
֪ô£ͻȻоر죬Էֶʵ̫˷ˣҲ֪似ʲô
˵ûʲô̫ɱȴܹɷǳѹΪķ޿ײ룬ȻڲܹʵЩ˼ˡ
ôĵ֮ǽЩȫɢȻҲܹ֪Է׶һռ䵱С
ֻҪҵԷǾһкð죬ҪȻĻûˣԷﶼ֪ҪôԷȥ
ʱ˿̣֪Լ޻ʩչƿԼʱ򣬵жԷĵĸˣʵ̫ˣ
ڣȻǿҲ˫öԷû취ȥҲͲܸɵõԷҲ޷һεս
Ҫ֪˵ĿҪԷɵ
ǾȻǿԶһֱ֣ҲĻ޷ͨ飬˵ȴһ޴˼İ취
ȻˣС飬ӿٶȣ
һȡһսǾѪʥͼ
Ѫʥͼ޾ƷսҲǵ۸µһսҪս;㷺ӦԸָԾǲεĴڲŻԸⱣսɡ
ڣҲѪʥͼϣƺôһͼҲĿǰġ
ͼ־ͽѪͼʩչͼ֮ǿǿٶȣ
ڵȻҲıںδʶ֪ҲʧȥãϾпռʵ̫ˣΧڹҵԷ̫ѡ
Ψһʣµķӣ˵ȴнЩȫɢ֮⣬Ҳֻݵֶˡ
֮һûôսùΪ֮ǰԵĶΪ߶ö࣬һҲҪݶԷϢϡ
£ȴһķӡ
رǣѪͼٶȵ£ͬĶλãӦûˡ
ȻΪ˷ֹԷĹֶţδֱӾͿʼݵľٶֱٻͷ֣ǻΧ
ȻŰĵĿʼݶԷϢ
Ѫͼ
ѪʥͼһӣһöѪɫ֮۵ͼг֣Ѫɫ⻪ҫǿ֮䵽ϡ
Ѫͼļӳ£оԼܹõ֮ȻһӱǿֹһڳϵǿУ
Ѫͼǿ֮Ѫʥͼȴ޾սǱĻǿʮпܵģ
ţ֮ܿ仺ˣֱǿ˰˱ĵطͣѪͼȻǿ˱֮Ϊϲ
Ϳܲݳǰľڰɡ
ţ̱㼯оʼ֮ҲʱͻȻһӰִ֣һͷķ
ûӦٻͷ־Ѿһͷ䵶һʱһĨĵգȻֱӽǾķ룡
ŸľĵǾӰնƬûлٶκ
֣ڿֶˣǰֻǴˣΪ۵֮ͨٻľֲܹһЩȽĻУƻǿ˺ܶࡣ
ʵĵʵƻǻþȻʵͨʱԼȥֱӽǺӰͿûˡ
Է壬ߵĻôĵնʽЧһӾܽԷ뵽þУҾܹԸλ׾Ķ֣ҲкܲЧġ
ǺӰ֮ûж˼ˣʼר־֮ɽǾڵλã
ݵϢܶ࣬ΪɫռУѾͶԷϢֻҪѭЩϢȻ֮һЩʱܹݳԷλԼһЩϢˡ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ͲȷˣҪʱ䣬ȫǰ˫֮ǿԱڣոʩչ֮ѾܵԷ֮жԿ
ֻ֮Ѫͼǿ˰˱ԸоԷ֮ǿ
ֻһʱ䣬֮ڤڤнԷ֮ȻѸٵõ˶ԷϢ
ѪͼЧʵǷǳ죬Ӧ֣֮ǿϢʱҲѭҪϢȥߣƾѪͼۺٶֱʮֹ
ˣ
ܿ죬õ˶ԷϢȻһϲûκԥֱгŶԷڴ͸ȥ
ˮϵ̫֮ƣһνһɢЩصĶռҲȻȻƻˡ
õϢУ˲ƻ˶ԷǸռ䣬ȻɽǸǵ۾ξٴγǰ
⾵ĺ¶һĨ֮ɫ̧ͷźƬľû뵽Ȼܹӵôǿ֮
ǲûҪصĶռȥΪȻѾݳϢôҪݳϢ֮ǰףɣûκ塣
мûκͣ٣ֱӱˮϵ̫֮Խ˶ԷԣҪŶԷơ
ᣡ
ǿĹֶٴչֳҲб̫Ʒ֮ͷһʩչֶΣһ˲䣬Χпռƺֹ׷һУΧУ


1269 սģ
ᣬϵ˫ŵֶΣ֮ǰóԸٶ֣Чף
ڣѾ̫¯б̫ƷͬʱǸϵ˫ģʩչһӿֲ
Լ򵥵˵ʩչһУѾ֮ǰڸԪսʱʩչľ۵ͨ
۵ͨȻǿ󣬵ʩչȻҪ˺ܶģʩչ۵ͨһࡣ
еһУ˵ǿֶ֮һˣʩչ۵Щͨ
ˮϵ̫֮˲۳һӿУɫˮ˳ӿľ
һ̣Ŀֲ˺ʾľǿֲʵһ̣ľĶݣ˿ֲĹѰλ׶ʩչģѾﵽλ׵ˮ׼
˵ľսҲǴﵽλλ׵ĳ̶ȣûСӵôǿս
ԭɽҲΪֻ΢ͬǿһ㣬ȻǿԼġŷ֣һжǴġ
Ա˿ƣ
ܹս۵´󹦣ٻһѫ£ԲɺϰӲսʶɫӵ츳ǳ˲á
һгֵʱɽĿ࿴ԭû뵽пܸɵ⾵õ뵽ѧԺĻᣬϾѧԺô׼ģ
ѧԺĳԱʮ궼һܹһ彮ڣ̫ˣ͵ɽ񶼲ڶѧսҲֻҪԿˡ
ȴû뵽һԣԳ˾ϲƾһᣬҪѧԺͲûпܵˣ
˵һܹľôѾɽϲڽΣȥС
ĿֲƻȡʲôʩĻǾǲҲˣʱǾҲڱˡ
ȣǾֱӻһͷɫ޻ޣɽ̬壬ޣʵõܴҲܹ֮࣬ƾеսУ޶޵Ȼơ
ޱ֮󣬾ֱſȫǸһۼףۼ棬ɫǰӰĺͺϵķֶΡ
һΣЩۼ׺ɫ໥һĽṹ֮ǰķϲ̫һֽṹϣЩɫۼ׵ķǿȴﵽһߵĳ̶ȣӦıǻĸ
ֻ˲䣬ǻɫ޻ľѾȫ˺ɫɫۼף˲ﵽǵ۾εļ£
ɫϮͬһɫ޻Уȫɫˮϵ̫֮趯ͬϵĿ籩꣬ƻŷΧڵһдڣ
һ̶źˣԶΪȻ޾ƷսǣᵱУҲҪһʱܹ
˵ҲᱻٵסĻһľûǿɾе鷳ˣ˶Էᡣ
ԣ˿һЩ룬ȴǲɢܿռ䣡
޿ɱܣԲȥˣЩˮϵ̫֮иŪģȻлܶȴҲʲô˺
վڲУվһҶϱһϻεţһҵʱ䣬ȶռеҲʧ
ռ䶼Ǻܴһı˵ϯռ䣬ԽǿλƻԽǿᡣ
ȵһж䶨ͷռеƺе㲻ȶˣҪ֪ռǿߴרŸսģ
һᣬ䱬ĺĵشɱرֲȻǵطˮϵ̫֮ҡ
Ǿѵ˵ڰ˲ߵھŲ̶ȵ̫ƷôһᣬԽռƻһ룡
ڵĿֲһжΪˮϵ̫֮ǿᣬ̫֮ԴҪռ䶼ˮϵ̫֮ɣͬԴ໥һȻһЩըԵĺ
оϧǣͣʱռ룬Ǿɵĺɫ޻ޱ壬ûбʳƬúõǣȻЩۼ׻ˣԵüΪǱóᲢδ̫˺
ʵǳԤϡ
ȻôǿɽǰǿȣȻǵ۾ξѾﵽˮ׼𣿡
ʱ͵ɴ۾ո̶ֳȵᱬҪǻڳеĻ϶ֲ̫ʱ䣬ٲܹƾǿȥֵסġ
ڣǾɵĺɫ޻ȴˣ˵ϵĺۼ׶Ѿˣ䱾ȴδ̫ܵصơ

ɫ޻չϲۼƬȫˣһ˫Ŀȴ͸ź֮УȻոһ൱⡣
ܹʩչǿʽԼͬߵʱܻˣҲ˵Ѿվͬߵ۷壡
ؾ֮£˵Ѿ޵˵ģѰλףһЩλף¶ܽɵ
ɽ˾ϲĸоȻͨ⾵˳Ҫ̤ѧԺƾǲأܹܣȻ̤ѧԺʸ񣬿޷õģ
Уڵ۾εʱʵ˵ģķ޷ܣôܻͬ羵ˣ
ɽ뵽ԺУ˵ͷиֳصɫʡ
벻ǿڵʱȻôǿģɽľǵ۾ξȻģ˵ǰĻѶȽߣ
⵱Ȼ˵ɽʵֻǿǵ۾ʱʵڡ
Ѫڣδǿ֣ͬնҪܡ
Ҳӿֳһǿҵս⣬ռнŵת׼ʩչԼǿֶ֮һɱ
ɱ֮ǰֻùһΣÿζЧٴʩչйҲ֪᲻бȽϴı仯
ɱ
˫ĿŭȫϢ˲֣


1270 ս壩
ɱٴֳƬռԴԴĳ֣
ɽľʶҪܣĳٶȴʵ̫ˣֻ˲㽫
ʱľѾһͷɫ޻̬˱壬̬ʱ˺ܶ౶׾ٽסȻʼѸʴȫ
ɱĻȴѾܹһЩ֮ʴ֣ҽʴ
԰ĴΧ˵ʱͶһУֱӲƻɱʮλ׺λףڳ𾪡
˵ʱŵṩȵ˲٣ȻûŵɱɱҲԲ
ײУʴڣ˺ܴĸʴɱ
ͷ۲սɽܵЩϢҲüͷ΢壬ȻûŨϢ
ֶΣӦһйСӣȻǵõ˾۵ĴУǴӾ۵Ĵм̳еİɡ
ɽţʵӸе棬֪ȴû˵ˡ
ɽ񣬶ֻ˵û֪Ĳжߣ
ڣʩչ˹ʶɽһӾƲǹȻûмȴ˵
ҪǣɽԹֶζǳ˽ˣڳֵɱʽϢ̬ȫκֶ֪ΣԼƲܹóˡ
ȷһǹ֮ɽɫأȷǷӵмѧԺʸ񣬵ڣƾһй;ûκܷѧԺ
֪Сӽʲô̶ˡǺܸȤڴһ°ɣӰ̬Է
ɽڶռսǸͻȻʩչ˷ֶΡ
ȻǱƣһǾĺɫ޻嶸Ȼ仯ȫɫڣһ߶ᷴ
ɫ޻뵽һ״̬Ѫ⡢ǡѪȫһ̻һֺɫľ״ʣǰӰ̬Է
һУɽǵ۾ʱڣǿֶˣΪ˵ֵסһйûκԥֱӾþʩչ˳
ɱϰӰ̬Է
˫ԶԶѰǵ۾ܹʩչģĶԿУλ׶ֻܹԹ˺󣬷Իᱻзǡ
ڹƾɱܹɱһЩѰλˣֻɱҲ൱죬϶ǲܹǳսֶΡ
ɱɫ޻ľƣȻϢʴڡ
Ȼ˿̣ɫ޻˼ΪӲĺɫ壬ֺɫ壬֮ǰ۳ڱҸǿʮ
Ϣ֣һж״̬ȥܹÿһֶɱ֮У
ڣɫ޻ȫɺɫ壬ЩɫѾķ룬Ҳνˡ
Ӱ̬ԷȻּ˼ķʽֵסɱʴ
״ʱɫһ䣬ЩϴϢҪܶģھȻûм˿ЧЩ⡣
ֻתһ룬ֱջЩΪټȥҲ𲻵κЧԼĸɾ
ԷֶַΣʵ̫ǿˣҲмαװ֮á
״̬µȫûһ˿һϢʶ֪֮в̽Ҳ˿һ
֪ҪɽԼһеĻЧҲȫһģΪ⾵ǵ۾ʱʵӰ
Ȼ似ֶʤֻоսղܹɳЩǰͬ磬ҲǵĶ֣ϾǵսҪḻܶࡣ
ţӳ˾η
ţû˼̫࣬ſһϢڻһ˿˿ʾģȻϮȥǺɫ޻֮ϣ
һ̣ԼľϢȻûܶһ˺ɰ࣬ǰӰ̬Էķʵֲ̫ЩҪ֪⾵Ǻһֻǵ۾ṳ̂뵽ؾĴڰ
ȻͲóֶȥӦˣսҲӽβԸõɱҲԶóˡ
Уᶼˣȴ޷ݻٻĺɫ޻ɱɱκ鶼Ǵݿ࣬ڶڰ̬ľȴûκЧ
ȥҲֻܶþ۵ͨˣ֮ǰֶҪһ£Ǿ
ƣɱ
߶޾ƷսĿֲڳֳ
֮ǰһεʱ߶ƣȴײ˶ԷۺУûвκЧڣԷȴһͷɫ޻壬ǳѵİӡ
ò˵һеƻԶԶκֶεģϾ޾ƷսҲѾϵϵĲΣ׾ͱü
һΣƾһӱ屶ƻת˲㼫תųǺɫ޻ϡ
ǱΪӰ̬ԷǿƵʱҲǷסı
屶ƻŸת˲뵽Ǻɫ޻ľڲ֮лЯһ˿ʾľģںɫ޻ڱ
һ̣ضɽҡռ䶼ƺ˶
ɫ޻徹Ȼڲʼ߽⣬治ϳѺۣһ̣ƺףҪӰӰ̬Էľ״̬תȴѾˡ
ƵľƻʵǿǼΪӲĲʣȫ޸֮󣬸Աƻ
˫ٳײһ𣬶ԷʱѺۣȴ˿ǿһ֪
ֶ֮ˣȻʩչٶȲ죬ױ˶㿪ҪƻĳϣǺЧġ
ţ˫֮ͫУǺɫ޻ѣܿ㳹߽⿪ڱ屶ƺ£ܿѳǧ֡
սȨɽľȻҲûʲô߿˵ֶΣǧɫ޻ƬƮɢȫϲ䳹ٶȡ
ϢϴбһڵľϢ֮𣬽ЩƬ׷մʧȥս֮þۣܹԷˡ
ⳡսӦѾӮ˰ɡ
ųУɽľ𽥱Լһûʣ£ʱ㡣


1271 ѹ
һսǻʤˣ˵оԣĳЩȴܹӳǿ
ֶΣԼûԴ˻űȽ̵⣬սжܹӦøֶΡ
ʩչ۵ͨˣܹ飬ûҪЩͨˣϾЩͨԾĽ˺ܴ
Ľ磬֮ǰһʱó׻ˣҲ˵Ск޸ͺݺõЩСкУûаӰΪҪСкҲû취޸Ľˡ
ٶ۵ͨºɸ˺޸ˡ
֪ݺǱôˡ
ţȻ͸оһˮϵ̫֮ԼΧȻ𽥰ԼŶռ֮˳ȥ
ˮϵ̫֮ɵĶռ䣬ܿʧˣгЦǺǵĵɽ
ʵҵԤϣʸ뵽ѧԺˣڡţһѧԺѧ꿪ʱ䣬ʱȥʲôºһǰѧԺڵء
ɽЦţ˵
õģô˵һʱ䡣
˵ͷĥʱ㹻ܶˣ̤ؾûʲôˡ
ݺδ𣿡
뵽һ䡣
ڿսϾԵҲһδ׾ľʱı𣬿Ѿ÷ǳǿء
ɽЩ˵ţѪ幫ս̫ܽƷѵھŲ㣬ҲӮⳡսˣ
ô
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Ȼεǿߣ̤֮ǰҲѾưͬˡҪ֪ݺʵԸѰһδ׾͸ûκѹ
ڣȴǲͻƾ޷Ӯⳡս
ûж룬ݺսֻԼܹôﲻȻϣݺܹʤȻһǰѧԺġ
ˣҲûʲô£ٳһµսô
ͻȻɽ۾ЦƺЩ⡣
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Щ֡
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ɽ˫ɫʣƺŷǱѰڴ
⣬ǰҲ̧̫˰ɡ
Щգ˵ʵոͬľҶǿܹܣͰֶζˡλ׾ľҿ϶Ƕˡ
Ǻ֪֮ģѰλף治ô£Ҫɽλ׾϶Ƕ֣
ǰĵĻԸⳢһ¡
ûɽ˵ͱɫЦ˵ֻҲ֪ǰλ׵ʱжôǿ󡣡
ϾϾҪ̤ؾֻǹؼһˣڸһɽλ׾ʵҲǻкôġ
Լ˵ģ
ɽܾЩʧ˵ӦսʱһЦҾ˵սһûʲô˲ԸأɵСˣ̤ؾ֮ʵͻͽģ
ոǵ۾ľȣλ׵ʱʵҪǿö࣬˫࣬ԶԶѰ˴ǵ۾̤뵽λ׵ʵ
һ˵ûʲôĻ֣ܶҲֱӷҪȻǻʲôͷ
ô˵ҲüһӲС
ţȻ˵ͷȴɽһռˮϵ̫֮뵻ۣԳһռڡ
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ĳİռһһģһͬǳǰľѾһλ׾Ĵڣ
Ǵ棬ͿԿԷ֮ǰǵ۾ĲͬҪǿ̫̫ˣ˫ȫһεʵ
ܵѹҲʱû亹ѾӶͷˡ
ǾǰһվһɽĸоɽʱܽѹǴɽµһ磬ԵĴ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ҧء
ԷԴԴϵɢͻȻһֲ̧֣ɢȫǿؾʵ
Ȼ⾵ֻλ׵ľ磬ȴã⾵һλ׻Ҫµö࣬Ѿﵽλ׵ĲΣ
ϾǺڻޣ屾ƣܶͨҲǺѹơйأƷǷ켫Ҳ˿ûʲôֵĵط
ܲסѹֱӾͿ򣬷ԼֶλǺĵģȻ޷ܶԷԼҲӦòʲô顣
С飬ϣ
˲䱬ˮϵ̫֮γһ͵ɫУǾ档
Ȼһ̣Ǿ˲䱬һڵİӰģЩӰľȻ߱ޱǿĸʴЧˮϵ̫֮ɵᶼʴ
˵˫βͬԷϾλ׵ľ磬ǿ౶ǿϵĲ죬Ѿ˰Ӱˮϵ̫֮֮Ĳβ죬ŵ¶Էܹˮϵ̫֮𽥸ʴ
ܿ죬ỹûܹͱԷʴɢˣһУȻûκЧ
ҲΪлδѣҪܹѸΣôʮ౶Ҳڳˡ
ڣȻ޷ȥи㵽ѵģֻܳʩչֶΡ
ȻûʲôǾͻȻ㱬һХЯױȵƣڵĵط
֮һʱȫУ˲ԷĻХƶԿһ
һҲܹھ֮£ûܵʲôӰ졣
ڣԷһأ̤λ׵ľ磬һӷ˼ѹǿҲ˺ü
Ȼеصľ֮廤оһ󼤵һ˲侹Ȼʲô˼ˡ
ţ֮㽫ӱ״̬˻Ȼֻһ˲䣬ȴҲѾ㹻Էܶˡ
Ŀռ˷ϮһռУһӾͻǶѪ⡣
Ȼڵǿȣ޷ֵסԷĹƣ˲ųѪۣ
Хɽ֣ѹ
ҪҲʱһѹӲѪҲ޷
ѹ׵ѹڶԷ£޵ʱ䶼ûУѾԷȫȫĿסãֻܴ׸


1272 ˫˫ʤ
Էս׾ˡ
ԷĿֶΣʵ̫ǿˣҪƣֱܹ嵽˵ȻǾ֮嶼ֵֻܵеһС֣벿ֱֶ嵽ԺУ
Ϊ֮طĻǿʵǣѾˣΪãǿֲرͻֻǱѰǿһЩˣܲסԷĿ籩Ĺ
ҡˡ
䣬⻹ָ̤еһΣ˵Ψһһˡ
ǰԱǿöĶ֣Ҳû䣬ͷ壬ܹƾһЩֶԷģȻȡһ
ڣ˫ȫдսʲôֶĻûõģƴȫǴʵû취ˣֻһ;
Է̫ǿˣǿ壬ûκοܹսʤԷ
Ȼһ¾۵ܹͨԷһƴ֮˵ȴûбҪˡ
ΪһдսȥðþĽΣգ㣬ȻؼڣսʤҲʲôαأ
ѧԺѾõʸˣսʤλ׵ľҲòôûбҪôƴ
ֻҪһ£һ¶ԷжǿģᵽˣҲûҪټȥˡ
Էӵǿǻޣ޿ռУҪȻ϶ֱӱԷƵ
һֱ޿ռеĻ͸ܽԷɵȵľͳ׳˴׵ĸûκη
ⳡսҰսĻǿܣռедսû취ܵģҲֻܹѡˡ
һֱԽսϻʤʱһЩǿöĶ֣Ҳ
֮ǰþı͸ɵؾεĴڣڳ˵ĵط
ڣ֪ʵǿͻƣ̤뵽λ׵ľ磬Ҳ϶ǰ⾵Ķ֡
ͬ磬ǶԷ֣ΪоõԷʩչѹǿģҪλ׾磬ԷʩչǿѹֶΣһܶɺܴӰ졣
£ȻֻˣٴȥҲûʲô塣
벻㾹ȻôɴˣΪʲôֶء
ɽӶռ˳ȻЦһЦ
ûˣûˣôҲǰĶˣʵ̫ˡ
εҡҡͷ
ţܿʵҲǺ£Ҫ֪ȻʵǿϾ绹̫ͣûɳЩʱֿɲӲϣʵ˱Ҳѡ񡭡
ɽ˵ţЦ򣺡ȻЩҲ˵㶼ҪȻҲܸǴôõȥͷ嶼һһˡ
лǰ佱
۾
˵ʵ
ɽҡҡͷЦЦպŮҲˣѾˣٴνռ֮󲻾ãȻ̫Ʒѵ˵ھŲ㣬һʤҲûˡ
ǸϢ
˵ͷһҲΪݺеˡ
ҪǺݺҲʤˣô˫˫Լ뵽ѧԺһμѧԺĳЩжҲôиӦʱʲôҲһȥ졣
ûãȻͬɽ˵ݺսʤ˶֣Ӷռгˣոմսĺݺȫ»ˣɫȹ飬һϧ
һСֱȡһȹţû߹⣬ܵˣǲõġ
ѪһȻرǿ󣬵֮ĻָǿԵģرһö̫ż˵ҩ֮󣬻ϾͲõˡ
ϲͨ飬ºһ뵽ѧԺյѧԺĵһжڴ֮ǰǺúһԼʵ
ɽ˵꣬˵һ䣺ε͵ˣҲѾϣλøȥɣҲкܶҪģһˡ
лǰ
ͺݺһͣɽ˻Ϊмġ
˵ȻԼĻ˺ܳʱ䣬Ҫɽǿ߼ʱϵѾòˡ
ʲôĵΣ˵ܻŻѾһ漣һǽиƽ˻ʥҲû©֪ս˵ǽԴϲ
οͺݺõôཱ˼ѧԺʸ
ˣҲûȥˣûĻǰ˵ǸԶżҪء
Ժݺ˵
ţȻȥɣǿߵСк϶ǳȥôһʲôöһˡ
ݺҲ˵ͷ
ջǳСкսŹѫѧԺʸ񡭡һеһУΪδ˼ʵĻ
һսж˵һеת۵㣬Ĳ˵һöһѫ£ȫŤת塢彮֮еĵλ
֮ǰ˵Ǳ塢ЩϵǺģ̶ʱȥѾӵһѫ£λѾȫѹЩ壡
ټЩĻֻҪһѫ£Էٷ֮ٲҶ֣뱻ǿˡ
֣ǶսŵĲأķ񶨣ᶯҡ彮ĸǿ֣
߰ɣο˵ضˣ
ݺЯ뿪
սţչж͸ûʲôϵˣҪ彮֮Ҳãǿ϶μжġ
ʵϣִģս۵սҲսŹӶμӣȫŲܹս
֮ǰ˸׻ʡǧ׺˶˸кЩ˶׼ȴһһսУʲôܰæĵط
ͺݺͱȻȥˣΪ˶ԶżҲһЩ뷨
˵ԶżΣԷǳߣǾҪܴлųôҲֻܹˡ
ͺݺԽؼʱ̻һЩóģСУȫҲҪرģˣȻǿ϶û¡
ҪǸϵϣҪżʶһ£ϾԶżǳټΪѵõĻᡣ
ֻҪѪɿڣͺݺͿ϶ȥ
رڣͺݺõ˲ٽҲҪԼʵսʱ
ɽľսֻд裬սĶսģҲڴսһԼ
ȥ֮ȳܷ񽫾ƳӡǰɣͻƵؾǵһҪ񣡡
ţڸݺһ˫˫̤˹;


1273 쵤ҩ
Ѫǡ
һѫ£һ·ϿֱҪʱӡǴ̿ţֻһʱ䣬ͺݺѾصѪ
ǺУгһˣҲѾµսЩ˺üΡ
š𡢹ɡĦիȵȣȫڷǳ̶һʱ䣬Щһʾ͸ǰȫһˣȫ˵ɱϢηȻɱˡ
ȻȥЩս񣬲ͺݺܵѶȵģһ㶼ǱȽͨĻ񣬵ҲһЩȽ壬պø֡
ǽսʱ򣬶Ǽһȥͬһ໥ܹ֮õϣϾʶ˺ܾõԼˡ
Ҳһʱڣûκм˵ģҲȫָˡ
ʱԸ񣬽˫ʼΪҲ֮ǰǵġ
ΣǧҪסڲδ
˵ȫõ̶һ£˴ﵽǵ۾Ҳ˴ﵽǵ۾ٶȾԲ˵ˡ
Ҫ֪ڼ䶼ֻ磬ڵõôԴܹȫյ¡
ʱ磬Ѿ൱˲ˣóǶǳŬ
ͺݺʱûкѪǳڽܹĵ׼УҪȥ̽Զżٵ׼ֹЧĵҩУӦԸָͬơ
׼֣óȻżôպܾܿ·һ
ˣ
Ѫǣ³ţͻȻԱ߾һŮöϲһ֪Ůˡ
֣þò
عͷȥȻɫȹԼЦŻ֣ƺЩܿĵڷ
ţ磬ڻ̫ˣһϢպþ죬ڰħееƳˣ
ǰ˷ܵ˵öʺʯв߲ʾۣƳɹˣħееһö
һʱҲϲûôָأȴû뵽λֻö쵤ҩƳˣ
ħеܹ֮밵Ӱĵϳ̶ȣеúܹռĵϡ
ֵҩ쵤ҩǳڵ彮ڣ¶޷ҵκһţ
Ҳ˵ƳöҩǶһݣĵطȫûеģ쵤ҩûзƵġ
ЩҩֻܹãЩҩֻܷãЩҩҲֻԷáħееȴûκηƣ
廹壬֮壬ֱӷ쵤ҩȻе
쵤ҩĻֻп˵ʦԱпƵóڣ־Ȼ˳
˵ܴԭǼຣҩϣָ˵ŬҲǾԲɺӵģȻ֮ǰͺݺһȥʥĹѰҲ̣ҲǷǳ˺ܴŬ
ħее㶼Ҫģÿˡ
û˵ݺЦ˵˵İȫҪһЩ˵Ļпܽеȥá
ʵϣҪеˣֻҪͿռĵϳ̶ܹԸٶеˮϵ̫֮
ˮϵ̫֮ǲǿʱռԵֻˮϵ̫֮ĲдƷѡ
ˮϵ̫֮ǿȿ϶ǱȲʾģҲǷǳѵõˣܷ
šǶлˡ
ԣ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪ݺΪԼ룬ûƴǶԷĺ⣬˵߲ʾݺһȡԴݺҲûҪˣȷҪе
ħе߸Ӱĵϳ̶ȣҲʾĵٶȼӿ죬ںݺ˵ûʲôá
ݺѪɫģǹĵһ֣иһЩֵѪԼ֪ʲôڰ֮һ
ԣԺݺ˵ֻϳ̶ȵĵҩűȽá
磬ȥѵҩø㡣
˵䣬ıĻȥԼķ䡣
ݺһۣȻһⲽֵԺӣԺоʧܵĵҩдƷһЩٻϵȵȡ
ܶ൤ҩҲԺУӴ˶ԿƽʱжôŬѧϰȻѾǵ۾磬ܹƳ쵤ҩҲʵǲף
̫ˡ
̲סп
ϣҪɹ˭ࣿ
ݺȴ΢΢ҡͷ࣬һΪɣóСѾͷϲء
ûнӻʵһ͵ϵʱѾˣֻû뵽ܼϲԼôá
ֻǣڸ鷽滹治ˣ֣Ҳû˫ҲֻһֱڵĹϵ״ȥˡ
ݺȻȥָ飬˵ͲԼһ˵ģŮˣҲһġ
ܿ죬־Ͱеħе˳ͺݺ粢վһ΢Щ񣬲ǺܿЦ˹
ţ硣
ֽħееϣ¶Цݣ˵һ׵飬УħееƳȻǳԺ
л֡
ҲЩΣ˵Щ˴ԴȴûиʲôС
ϵģ»вأֻվ޷Ӧˡ
һ룬Сȡһ̫ƷҲǽ̫ӵǼ̫𶴣
̫ƷǹԵ̫ƷȻֲǺƥ䣬Ǻܲ׵ģҲûսԷӵ̫Ҳǲˡ
ǣ̫Ʒ𣿡
һû뵽Ȼһ̫Ʒóδ顣
ţŰɣҪǺӵĻ϶ҪһЩսûжôУ
Ц˵
ʵɵս񣬾ṩһЩҩͿѽ
Ȼҡͷûйĺ⣬̫Ǽ̫ƷСĽ˹ȥϸֳһĨϲ֮⡣
˵̫͵壬ԶԶʵ壡
ŰɣҲ⣬̫˷ˡ
ЦЦָһ⣬Ȼתݺһ뿪׼ȥˡ
쵤ҩڵõöԤʵõһ


1274 ذӰ
ܿ죬ͺݺʹסˡ
ո˺˵˵˵ȥԶżʱ˳ʱЦġ
ȰˣҺܾǰ˵żˣͷܵõʲôȫƾҪӦԻʲôģһ㲻̫ҵս
ݺЦ˵
ţϣЩزҪ̫Ź־ͺˣһޣ˵ܹвٻء
Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ֶΣû֮һҪǺܶ¶ʹãмȵȶһ
ȻȥöҩɣҲȥһΪ̤ײãЩû˳ء
ݺ˵꣬Ȼ˱ֿС
صԼԺӣЩп̶һʱ䣬ֻһս벻ô飬Ȼõһѫ¡
ڳ֮ǰɴδջô
ħееö쵤ҩҩҪҲһʱ䣬ˣͿԳͻƵؾˡ
ţӿֳһ˷ܵĸо
ؾؾʵһǳңԶĿȣѾ̤ؾ֪ˣһֱڣſͻƵؾż
ʱʵ̫ˣ
ڣڣٵĻʾ۾Ȼǵ۾磬ȫؾͨؾһΣȴؾһΡ
ڣҪ׿Խؾؾ̡
ÿ󾳽֮ĿԽǻߴܴ仯ؾؾ罫ɱΪС磬ı仯
֮ǰҪȽö쵤ҩ˵̺źպŵһķԲ
̺ŵҲǰӰĺͿռĵľˣ֮밵Ӱġռĵϳ̶ȡ
صԺֱ֮ӿʼöҩˡ
ħе
ϾӰϱУҲ޶ȵӰսҪ֪ھģһʾģ밵ӰϣȻܹǿĺܶࡣ
ңӰѾǵʮһܹʮǾͿ˵ǵǶˣڰӰģȫϣӳǿ
һöɫĵҩĥĥš
ħеԲʺʯ߲ʾ亱ƶɣ̺ױȵǿҩѾ޾ҩķ룬ﵽһµĸ߶ȡ쵤ҩ
С飬ʼհɡ
߲ͬյҩеģԼֱӽҩȥΪһпԽҩҩٷְգȻת
ûԥ̾Ϳʼħее
쵤ҩ̺ҩʵ̫ǿˣУֻһһգ΢һ㶼УҲΪʲôö쵤ҩҪһʱ䡣
Ϊ̺ҩʵ̫Ũˣ
ħееҩдڣȫ¶ʼе
һֱ֣֮磬뷽Բһֻһˣöħе֮󣬲ܽŵԲһпкܶʣ㶼˸ħ֮ġ
ǰӰĵľ壬Ⲣһ֣һصĴڣǰùһЩǿ밵Ӱϵĵҩоִ̺ڡ
ֻ״μһöҩУ̺˶ľ壡
ҲӰѾϵʮһˣҪǲŸոϵ弶ߵĻһöҩȥʹֱ밵Ӱϵڰ˼ھżˣɼ书Ч֮죡
쵤ҩ
̲סпŹһʱ͸оԼ԰Ӱĵĸ֪ˣʩչҲ˺üɡ
ȻϼȻʮһû䣬ʵȴѾ˲١
ٽ
еܿڽŵ˷Բһĳ̶ȣͶħ֮ˡ
ھ֮ѾأĻҪ֮ˣ⿿УȻŵڶصħ֮طˡ
һʱ
ʱ
ܿ죬ʱʱڹȥҲյһħееҩʱ̣밵Ӱϵ˵ʮ
һֻ̣оֺڰϢֻԼΧҪڰԨǿĺڰԨУһ͸͸嵱С
ӵʮһϵʮϣһʱ䣬ǵǶĲ𣬸صı仯
͸оԼڴ˺ڰľ裬ָо֮ǰûйģ˴ı仯ǣʩչһиӰйصʽֶεʱ򣬶ӳ֣Щֶν
ذӰļӳ֣ʩչӰֶεһӱʮһԴһǿĸʴƻЧ
̫ǿˣ
Ӱϵ۷壬ӵذӰļӳ֣һӲʱ䣬ͱʮ˵ǿĸʴƻЧˣ
ȥԸλ׾ɽľܾܿͲôˣٻܸԷɲвöԷһЩˡ
ڵ̤ؾʵһӱ࣡ǰԶżиӳһЩ
ţҪҸдһڸֶεϧҹģҲûطȥұд裬˰ɡ
οһö쵤ҩûء
е
ӰԵħеռԵ񵤸ĶҪ֪ͭģҲǰӰĺͿռˡ
Ӱģ˵Ҫԡ
ռģ˵ʹԣⷽٿеҲܹɵľУܸˮϵ̫֮
ԣеЧҲ൱ڴģȻ޷ռϵʮ۷壬ͬذӰһӳ֣ȴܴǿռĵ
ûԥֱпʼе
Կռĵϳ̶ȣǴﵽ˵߼ĲΣԹĻöеӦܴﵽʮϵӡ
Σȫ˾Ͷˡ
ǿħ֮ˣö쵤ҩħ֮ĵı仯Ҳ൱ȻûдӵڶأƺѾһ롣
Ϊˣû뵽쵤ҩ̺Ȼô࣬Ȼ޾ҩܹ̺ĻѾ޾ҩٱǧ
̶һʱ䣬ö쵤ҩյȻȵСʱ䣬ɼ̺Ŷ


1275 ӡ
һʱ䣬ħееȫϡ
밵Ӱĵϣڴﵽ۷ʮҵذӰǿ밵Ӱйֶεĸʴ
ռĵϣҲӵ߼˵ʮ˲˺ܶ൵Σ
Ĳ˵߶еһʮռһҲܹǿռֶˣһϣǿʮҲˡ
ԼʵЩλ׵ɽĻʩչ᲻һЧûˣҲöԷһƤ
⣬ֻö쵤ҩЧ
ܹʵľٶǾӡǣɱΪС磬Ȼ̤ؾ
ӡǣҪҪѰһеĺУȻŨǼС
Ƕͽӡǡ
Ľ磬ǲ֪ĽӡԭʲôֻһƾĹţѾûʵ壬Ȼ⵽ƻ
ԼѡӡǣȻҪѡǿĶ֪ĶУԲʲôܹùˣ
ǣ֪ܷΪӡǡܵĻӡǣԻ彮ǿģû֮һͲ֪ˡ
ô԰ɡ
ĻҪһԣҪȻ治ģʱڲռȥһʲô⣬ҲֱܹӶȥӦòʲô⡣
ĳԣͿ϶ѪϽˣֻܹѪ֮⣬֮ⳢԣҪȻһʲô⣬ѪǿɾͻΪˡ
Զżжʽʱǵ㡣
֮ǰݺһ˵
š
ͷȻЯžѪ֮նȥеˮϵ̫֮ÿνմԽԾʮľ룬ŴԽΣѾѪǰ֮յС
ڵ·׵ģԳѰͬߣǴҪ׷ҲСͬͬ⣡
Ͼڿ̫ƷѾϵ˫ε̫ƷЧԶѰһս
УԲﶼûˣ˿ȡ˳
ǰغɭȻǰеһֻΪСϣ˿ۡ
ʵҲǣ̺˵ҲȷֻһֻССϰˡ
ڣһֻСϾҪԽΪԼӡǣ
ⲻɲ˵һΪ󵨵ľٶɱ˿붼룬ȴӵҪǿĿ꣬Ŀ£ߵκһǳ˵ġ
ӡǣͬˡ
ֻʱ䣬ѪǾҪҲûʲôʱ䣬Уȡֱ֮ӾͿʼĹ̡
߶ת֮еһЩϴӿ۳һ˿һ˿
һ˿һ˿Ľ֮ϣ㻺̧ǰľ;
ġ
߶Ľ֮뵽˾УУʱעžĶҪκ춯̾Ҫڲռȥ
һһʱֻھڲռɹ޷г˵ԶżһУҲûа취顣
һ½ӡǣ϶ǲĵġ
аϲǣԼĽ֮Ȼûų⣬ҲûʲôҪļ𽥰
ҲΪԣҵҪϰɣϾҪǰӰԵľģһ˿ʾģ밵ӰҲﵽ˵ʮ
Ʋԭ򣬼Ľ֮ͽȥ
ҪӡǣؼĻҪѰһЩʺԵĲϲУҪĵģӡѰҹԵĲϣԴơ
ҪǰӰҪǰӰһǴԾ˫ϳ̶ȿ֪
£ȻܹоԼʶ͸ǾУ
ʵ̫Ӵ̧ͷһ۶䶥ˣĽ֮Уȴܹܵ
ָоаϲȴδżǼһһĽĽ֮ͽС
ӡǵĹУԲļΪҪƾĽ֮𽥽϶ƿУһż³ɹӡǣʱҲᵼӡСĲϡ
ԣҲҪȫ˽ǶԼСεһл
һһҹܿȥˡ
Ľ֮ѾԽԽ࣬ҲѾϣһֱڣûһ㷴ͱ仯
ΨһЩ˵ǣھһĵĲ֣Ľ֮ȴҲ޷룬оһͻķʼ²˾ġ
գ˼ãǾһԣһʲô̶ڲռͺˡ
ȻѾԽȫУȻ󳹵׽ӡˣĻСпܻЩϣᵼʲôû֪
˵ֻǾеһС֣ûбһСȴΪĵһ֡
֮󣬾ͿʼԽĽ֮ΧǺĲ֣֣ܿǺĲȴһų֮Ľ֮ų⣬ζ޷
ǿһĽ֮һûκθƣʵ̫أҲ̫ǿˣȫεܹ͸ġ
ô죿ⲿҪǲ͸ĻԺСܻЩгڿƾڵʵҲǿֵĲȥ
𣿷ĻѡȻҲܹӡǣվǱȲ
˾ᵱС
ϰԵҪõģõľ֮ʱȴᵼСӡ֮䷢һЩϵ顣
ξ񣬳ٵ⣡
˼һһҹ
ֱͷ٣۾ľϾͲϰɣһжǲȷģԺˡþӡǵĻͲܱ˴ݻˣܹȷһ㣬ѾҶӡǵҪˣ
ģȫǰȫһӡǵĻԼİȫǾбϵˣǰԶżҲðȫ࣡
ʲôΣգֱСһͿˣȫõԼᱻɱҲõľ˸ƻ


1276 ճ
ֱ֮Ӵ߶磬Ľ֮ȫ뵽˾У
Ȼлһĵشûб󲿷ֵطѾգĽ֮ӿУھڲռ丽ڳһСΡ
СĳΣСڣλھڲռĸ
˵СҲΪڲռ֮һԭڲռһĶһˡ
ԭڲռ䣬гʾģʾľǴġ
ڣ۳С磬λԭڲռ丽һڲռ䣬С
ڲռ֮⣬лһĿռ䣬ǺĿռû̽ĵطʱ֪ЩʲôҲû취ȥˡ
Сھ֮γɣԭеһȫתƵСС
֮ǰСкǧڱ壬ҲȫתƵСУϧʱûʱǴʲô½ȥ棬ֻȦһ򣬽Ƕͷȥˡ
СҲ᲻ϵЩ深ӦǲģҪȥൣġ
ڳɹˡ
ܵԼСγɣߴ֮ͨҲתƵ˾֮УԼڷ·ÿģЩ̫ϰߡ
ͬʱȴһصϵϵƺ΢ƿһ
²ھԭڲռУҲܹܵЩʾģҲ˵ƽʱҲܹϸʾģӶ򵽸̵ĲΣ
˵ǸܺõϢΪʵܹȲҪר֮ܽȥ
ͬʱƺܹ΢һЩԭڲռеʾģǿʱս
뵽̲ס㳢һ£СȡһϹżսкǲк׵ԶյС
Ȼһֱ̧֣ӵеʾģڿУһھϢ
ֻ˲䣬ǿƻ͸ʴ֮ǼϹżսƻ̼仯Ϊ촷ۣ
ʵ
ѰϹżսǰѾȫܿˣȻǿеϹżսҪ۵ġ
ѾԿþʩչֶƻ֮ǰѾʮ
УоԵʣҲвԭ
СγɵʱҲͻƵؾĲΣﵽλ׵ľ磡
ҲôʱŬճɹڴɣʵһ˷ǳࡣ
ܵСԼӳ֣֮ѪڣҪɽλ׾սַַӾܽԷ򱬵ԤС
Ԥвûɵģǽʵ£򵥵˵ڵͻ֮ǰܹһʮ⻹ȫŵġ
þһʮͻǰҲû̫ѹؾؾ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ʱ塢彮ͷ˵ָоȵõһѫµʱҪǿҡ
Ͼһѫǿ˸ģڣȴʵʵʵˣȫֲͬĸ
ֻʵҪġ
ҪûʵĻϵʥﱻ֣ôԷԲĴʲôֶζҪЩʥȡߵģǿԵģȻԵĸ㲹
˵ʵҲãսŷ棬ܹĽѾˣԷٶԴԸʥﶼȥġ
˵ҲֻʵܸİȫС
οڵǱȺݺҪܶģΪһˣộһʱҲһֱȥ
ϧЩСıвûؾĴڣҪȻҼͷλ׵ԡ
ЩƣСŵı壬Ҳǵ۾Ϊһֻ־ܽǸɵˣû취ʵ
һ룬ʱ仹ͦŵģҲûйľᡣ
ճɹ̤뵽ؾ֮΢ϤһڵͰѾ
ڳӡ֮󣬾С䵱Уһָʹĸоǰûеģսʼ
⵹Щ⣬ԭΪεĶ϶ᱻأ벻ȴѾЩͷˣһֻмĲ֡
Ĳ־Щʲô֪ӦþǴ澻֮塢ħ֮طȵȵĵط
֮ǰӦǽǺĲ֣ҲʽҪȻĻܵõ֮ħ֮ĵ
Ҫ֪ѾطȫˣȴҲûҵκطټֻޱŨʾġ
˵еıأֿ϶ǺĲС
ȻڽȥҲˣֻȥ֮ٿܲа취ھеˡ

ܿ죬պ˾صѪϣ˺ݺŮ
Ҹܵλ׵ΪϢŮ˿Ǳ˵Ҫȥӡǣɶ˰Ѻء
ڼڳɹҲ̲סΪеˡ
ݺŮɶ֪жô
кݺҲѾȹȻ֪ⶫǴкйصĴڡ
ھϣ֪ڣҾ֮ǰһʱĲʾģʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
͸ỳɣ֮Ǵʲôϵˣǰٷ֮ٵȷġ
ôɹˣ
ŮӭԹеʵ
ݺֶԼ˵ĹУֻǶѵֹģȻ˵Ҳֻͨѡ
ΪӾϳߣʥŮҲˣⲢֻһֱܶжѹΪ򣬵սķ
ңӵоھĵҲǳģָоʱգС˵ᳬԼ
ȻѾ˵ͺݺõ˽ѧԺʸ񣬶⣬Ӧþǳˡ
ţɹˣҸλԸԸܴﵽʲôĵز
һЦҲǷǳá
ǵףҸҸ˵һ̾ͿһսḻСӳһҪ𣿡
ݺǰס첲ȻЦʵ
ᵢƻʱĻһҪһġ
ͷ˵


1277 ֮ս
һ㻹ʱԼڵ
һЦ˵սҲЩζ
ţǾдһ£ǻš
ݺĶ˵
һʱˣ´źݺ͹µӣ˵
ü۵ģʲôأ˵ȻѾС磬֮ǰЩҲͻظˣ
ݺԴһ£޺޵˵
ΪίϾոպݺǻȷᰡҲôˣҸ˸дȽҪ
ոͻƵؾԼڵϤǰԶżð֮ǰûϤһ±ȽϺá
ݺžȥ֪ͨѪ䣬ѪľУѡһλײεսСӳд衣
ڸ۾⡣
ҪĶǾģڶڳʾĵķ໥һҲӶԷõ˲á
ڶʾĵҲȲô࣬˫ǳ죬ֻڵһ̸˫оƿس̶˲١

ʱźݺѪǣ³ڵһ䶷Ҫһλ׾սСӳ䶷ڽд衣
ʱ˿̣䶷ھȻѾڣѪͳ˧Ǹ۾еĳԱȫǵ۾εսսʿ
ЩˣȻǶо棬һλҪλ׵Сӳд裬һȫӿҪս
˶˽Ŀдŵ棬ΪǶѾ˵иߵս˴󹦣õһѫ£Ѫ幫ݺ϶ˣ
Ҳ˵ǰˡ
ʱ򣬱ΧۣȴǶԴϰΪˣû˼
̤ؾ֮Ļ֮ǰʮָɱԼľǺϰˡ
д»ԼЩİء
ţȻ̧ͷͺݺ֮ⲽ䶷롣
ܿ죬䶷ڴһѪɫ׵λҲ𽥳ųⲽ
ޣȻҲѪһˣλ׵ΪѪɫ׶һܲ͸磬óһ׷ǳǿķսӦսΪÿһλСӳרõġ
лд衣
ԴԷΪģϾԷġ
š
Сӳƺһûж˵ʲôȴóڸոͻƵλ׵ǲϲ
λ׾͸սλװɣЩȥսʤҲûʲôֵҫģҪһǿɾ͵ùˣСӳӿɾҪˣ
ԣСӳȻûʲôõӡ
Ҳ⣬ãҪȻ¶ԷֲʹȫأھͲˣԷ϶Ҫݺݴġ
ǾͿʼɡ
ѪҲˣݺŮһµĿųУȻսϵ¼֪ı¸Ķ࣬ȻӸȤˡ
ոͻƵλףܻλ׵Сӳôʵˣô˵λ׺λ׵Ļǲ屶ôģս˵ġ
˵ս㵽һ̫Ʒʺã𣿡
Ѫ֪Ĳ٣ϸҲǲڱԺݺһ䡣
ݺ԰˵һ飺պ̫¯Ϊ˾̫Ʒ󻹻ȥʧʱͷ񣬵ʱŻˣû¡
Сӣĵ󡣡
ѪȻʧЦԸһ˽⡣
սܿͿʼˡ
ԷСӳȫûĴ㣬ȳ֣һֱǿͨѪɫĻѪɫϮƹ
һͨǿֶΣҲǹֶΣѪɫƣ͸ޱɭȻѪȵϢ
֮䣬Ѫɫ˲棬ȻʼȡѪ
С飬ϡ
Ҳ룬ֻ߶һУȻûȥѪɫˣΪ֪СԼ㶨Ѫɫ
ȻûѪɫбзɳһǳɫ⣬һˮϵ̫֮
ˮϵ̫֮⣬ʩչմ͸ֶΣȻ˲佫Ѫɫȫ飬̶ʱƵ˶Էͨ
ʱȴѾ죬һоϢ籡Ϣƿռ䣬Ȼ˶Էϣ
ǿķս壬λ׾Сӳδȫ͸Ѫ֮ɫӭһоϢ
˼ڳս˶ˣǾǣӾǲ㣬ʲôֶξҶ㶼ö㣡
˾ٶʱӭһһɽӰĻ䶷ڵĹսȫΪԼսڵСӳȲʡ
ȻЩܿȻֹ
Ϊ˶û뵽ǿľϢȻǿᣡ
Ȼ̫żķս׻סȫоϢȴҲ˾޴˺ҪذӰӴĸʴֻһʱ䣬㽫ǼѪɫķսױʴˡ
ȥĻǷս϶ֵסĵʴ
Ͼڻ밵Ӱϴﵽ۷ĵʮذӰҪɱΪС磬֮ǿ
һϵеıǿͨƻһ˼ĵز̫żķսֵסϢʴ
λСӳһ㶣漴̷Ӧ˹
ֵֶΣȴû뵽ֶƻôֲͷһ𾪣
òı֮ǰĶս˼·һƾеĶ֣Ҫ֪ǿĹҲû취ϢٵĻϵķսף
ԣ֪ǰʵŸսλףӶԷĻпϣ
Ѫɫģ޾ѪӰ
һ̫żƷ似λֱʩչ޾ѪɫͻȻϱ۳ǧǧѪɫӰӷ
ЩѪɫӰӷʯٵֱַӳǵϢȻֱԱȻ׾ٵĽϢˡ
ţһһѪɫӰӷ㳯ֱóһһ۷ȻԱǿֶΣһ似ԷѾ˳ȻĲΣ
ҪȻĻ̫żƷ似Ҳоױȵѹ
սŵСӳȻͬ죬Ҫֶ֣ܹԼˣ
ԶԷµ似ûк£˷


1278 Ѫɫ
ôѪɫӰӷ˷ӭֱϣȫսҫ
˵սֻеĿսȴ޾Ʒ似嶼ѵһ似
ƾս壬Ӳǿ˺üΣʱ˿̣ٽ׵ȷֶΣȻܶԷѪɫӰӷײơ
ӰЧ£ЩѪɫӰӷײֱӱһ룬Ȼ׺ͿսϸֵסȻû˺֣
ֲķλСӳΪȣȴδ⣬Ͼʩչһ似ô˵ֻ̫ż似޾似ȷҪ˺ܶġ
Ȼ߳һأҲû취ƾ޾ѪӰһȥƽĿսοķֶΡ
̹СӳԷδţ̧һѪɫȻУͻȻһħ
һħרŹ񣬲ܹгΪһйһˡ
ħϮ˲뵽ڴʱȫ֣֮طǿЧȻֱӽħЧˡ
սȭڣ
ţȭͷһȭֱӺȥ˲СӳϣһȭоԼһ¸֮ǽϣ֮ԼȭͷЩۡ
ڣһȭǿǽԷֱҷ˳ȥ
һʼϢѾԷѪɫ׸ʴ˱㣬һȭըѿѪɫսһѿ
Сӳˤڵأȴδ˿ɣΪ䶷ƺʼһ
һһʼǵɫӵƮӶ𽥾ͱѪ֮ɫ䶷붼С
ֵٶ̫죬ûôӦҪʱִڽԷɣע⵽Ҳû취ȥɢЩ
οûʲôܹɢЩֶΡ
ƺܹҵʶ֪ǿԷʶ֪ԼٶȵȵȣԷǿǿֶΡ
һоԼѾ̽⵽Էλãʶ֪ۣѪɫεˡ
δţʩչ˾ƿصֶΣֱӸԼһ֮⣬ǿԼʮʶ֪
ϾƿطѾ۷ھأǿֶξ֮⣬ʶ֪һӱȸոǿǧֹ
һʼԷǰȻûҪʩչƿأڣȻԷҪأôȻɶԷʩΪˡ
ʶ֪һӲ˶ԷڵλãһƿصԼϢһƷԻ˹
ѪɫУӦ޷СӳСӳ˲Ŷԣȴպ෴Сӳ޷ˣ
䶷֮⣬ٹսҲһͷˮ
ΨѪ䡢ݺĳǿߣſ峡е֪սƱˡ
۾εսսʿǸ֪еֻѪɫƮȻ뵽Сӳ־
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Ҳ𣿡
΢̣ѪɫŨУƿغ;֮⣬ĲԷڵλá
Сӳȴ޷֪ΪԾƿһϢ
ô
Сӳ㵣ѪɫŨǷǳǿֶΣǰʩչǽˣתġ
ȴû뵽ȴԼˣˡ
ڣȻʧȥټһҲԼлΪĵġ
һ棬ҲǿԼʶֶ֪ΣֻҪʩչһҵ
ȻѾʩչǸֶˣΪĹѾֱϮ˹г֣ǽ뵽ڲ
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ı
ĬţһεƹƣȻֱıѾϵϵĲΣ̫ױ߱ˡ
޾սǿ֮
ڣıƣƻᶼҪǿ٣ֻһҲȱ㣬ǾǱȽĿꡣ
ֻд裬Ҳ˻ɱԷҲûҪԷסˣҪȻĻһξ֮ȥԷӲҲˡ
ȻųԷҲʲôؼʱֶ̱Σǲдóɱﵵġ
ƣɷƣѪɫŨ˲ϮСӳ
Сӳ¶˫Ǿ㵵ɫȫû뵽ȻܹѪɫŨзλã
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ȥ²ôˣҪҪֵ߱ܿһǿĹƣ
һƣʵ̫ǿᣬСӳЩ壬ֶΣôһ̤ؾСʩչ
˵ʵСӳͷһμôǿλףȫλˡ
ֲãǹ¿ϵˡ
ţͷȴ˿û֪ͣͣһѪɫսûʲôˣֱӽȻӻȡһѪɫӡ
һ֣˲ֱ䳤ȻżϮһѪɫڹϸ˺һ㣬ȻҲһ磬顱һϣ
⻹ʩչƵĹУһαӲӲУԤ֮ǣԷһӾȻΰǰͷ赲סˡ
ôʲôӣ
ȻŲԷӾȻ̫Ʒ
̫ƷǲģβһˣҪսѪ䵱ȻҪһĸԸҪȻô
Խս˵Ǽҳ㷹ˣλײǿôҲܸһЩѹ
ԣѪѡһӵ̫ƷСӳս
СӳȻŽԼ̫ƷӾѵ㣬̤ؾսܹ´ˡ
Ȼˣ͵Ϯһ
ŶԷ̫ƷѪɫԼײһҲ룬ֱӴ߶˫һǳɫˮתȻǳɫռС
Ͽվɱ͵ϮľֶΣ޾ƷսϿʥȪռУ˲䳯ŶԷ͵Ϯȥ


1279 ս
ϿʥȪϿվɱһּΪǿƵ͵ϮֶΣڶԷ£ֱһϿʥȪɿռУڶԷڣֱϮԷڲ
رϿվɱ۷徳֮󣬶ϿʥȪԷܹѰ㣬ǶԸȽĴڣһӾܽԷɵˡ
ʱʩչϿվɱ似ϿʥȪսռУһͻƵСӳڣѰҵ˶Էڡ
ҪһٽԷ飬ԷȴѾ˲ףһʱŭһһѪɫ˲չ
Ѫ廯壬ǿȽһ٣Ѫɫ˫Ҳܹǿǵָ
ʱ˿̣Է˫һչ˶ʱڷɶѪɫ֮ѸֱۣӽϿʥȪռи˳
ûЧ
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ԸܻãԸ壬һͲʲôЧˡ
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һ̣ˮϵֱ̫֮ӽλСӳΧҪ׼ʩչ
һУԸͬЧرãԵսСӳɲôǿ
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СӳҲܵһеƣ伫Ϊ裬ҪȻܹ̫֮һЩ׶顣
ﰵԾ̾һСӳδ־ܣǿʼӶеѪɫѵ˵̫Ʒ
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СӳһȣѪɫ˫ĴţѪɫ̫ƷϣȻѪɫп趯ȻһѪɫ磬Χɢȥ
ֲѪɫ籩̼ϮȫȻˮϵ̫֮Щɢȥ˵޷ȫȴҲֶֹεķ
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ˮϵ̫֮֮УСӳȫӦУȴû뵽ȫʶڲٿأԷֿһԸ
⧲֮£Сӳһȭк󱳣αһ٣˫ʶչһѪɫ糯
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ȴ˿ܲ˶ԷĹƣֱȭͷңսвۣȻйȥһȭһȭ˶Էϡ
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ʱ򣬶Էȫ˼ȻֻܼϣΪС鲻ˮϵ̫֮ҪᣬҪǲֹĻôһоܽСӳɵ
Ҳ߰ȭͻȻоһͨ͸ȫ¿սƺŨˣֻܿǴ֮ԻĴֻΪĿս徳ˡ
սһУ޾Ʒ似޾似ѾǷǳѵõˣ⻹ƷҲֻйǱ߿Եõ似ˡ
֮ǰɾ磬ԶÿսȭںͿսϣڣոǺ߰ȭԼڶԷϯѪɫ籩£ڽһ۷徳磡
սĿʼΧ۳һ󵭵ƣһƣ֡Ϊս񡱵ĸо
ͬʱڿս徳ȫǿȶõǿѪǶøǿӲο
Թ㣬ǿҲǿֹ
ЦǿȵøǿҲܹĵʩչսˡ
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ս۷徳磬һֿսƵֶΣڴ߶սĵʱȻȻпսΧۡ
սƣһһۼƣƵĵȥÿһΣܹǿʩչսĵһ
һֶΣ
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¶˾ģһȻڸоСӳٴۿսģ˳ŶԷ˹ȥ
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ÿŶԷȥһȭΧĿսƱܹӸһ㣬ܿӵ㣬Ĳ㣬㡭
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ȥĻӵоѵ̫ƷѪɫ϶ǵֵס˵ġ
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Ҫ֪ȻûоѣȴǺϵ˫εģһǱ̫¯ĳսȻҪȶԷ̫Ʒǿ
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䶷ΧսڶսսʿȫϢ䶷룬һⳡˡ
ոȫĺɫѾʧˣ˶Կ䶷еСӳеˮϵ̫֮סǲȭͷСӳƺһȭһȭƻǿ
ûãսڵӵʮ㣡
һǿսȭȥһȭʮսƵӣ޾Ʒ似Чʵ𾪡
ȫſսģԡڿսƵĹԵУ˶СӳѹԽԽǿܿСӳЩܲסˡ
⾿ʲôֶΣȻһȭһȭȥǱˣ޾似ԣȻСôܵõ޾似
СӳİԲ²⣬ҧأֳĹ
һʼĹʹȫֵУڣſսƵĵӣȭͷԽԽһڳɱ
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ֻоѵʮ̫Ʒܵʶ⡭
Сӳ˼ȫûңȲеĴڣҲ͸սƾô¡
޾似ѪεĶһУ˵ǰѰСӳˣܹӵ̫ƷѾǳѵˡ


1280 ӳ
սѪСӳҵʱ򣬾Ѿʼˣȴ졣
սƵĲȻһֱϵӣڵСӳ쵽쳣вĵزҲȥˣѪɫͷһӣ
ѪɫӰͷϮ
ȴǹЦ̧ȭͷſսƵĿϢսȭںȻȭȥԷѪɫ̫Ʒˣֵսȥսٴαǣ
ʱڶԷУˮϵ̫֮ڳСܹʩչǿֶΣڳױ
һֱ̣һܽеڲռУıһӱ䶷
ˮϵ̫֮ǿᣬѪСӳ⧲˶Χ棬ֻüеѪɫһѪɫϳҪֵĽɱ
ȻƾǾѵ̫ƷѪɫҪֵסڵᣬȴǸܵ顣
Ѫɫϣֻʱ䣬޾ˮϵ̫֮б׽飬СӳҲУ
սϯϣѪһʱվһ̧֣һŨѪɫģһѪɫϮ˳С
ڲռУܿ͵һԹۿѪҪ־Сӳˡ
һᣬȻҲ̫ܽСӳɱǿ϶ԵģϾֻд裬Ѫ䲻ܿԼСӳеκһдܵˣûбҪ
ʤոյѾˣѪ֣ȺսսʿҲ˵ʲô
һ̺ƻκ˶ܹܵõ
ܿ죬ѪӪ£ڱѪɫɢѪСӳȴѾ˵ˡ
ȫѪɫսף֮ǰѾϢʴ˱㣬ֱЯſսһֱʮȭ͵˿ҪܲסıԵ
ʱ˿̣һʣǼѪɫսױѾ׷ˣѪɫ˫һΨе̫ƷѪɫȻ𣬱УѪɫҪֵᡣ
ԿóҪѪֱӳɢĻСӳǻбˡ
Ұˡ
Ѫ֣ⳡдͶˣѪСӳҲû˵ʲôǺܸɴĳʵȻԱ뿪ˡ
š
˵ͷԶԷҲͦصģ˾ǰˣûвϣôΧ£ܹ̹ȻԼʧܣҲһ
Ѫ£ƷԹȻǺܲģ֮ǰ̫һشģ
СӳԼʧܣΧ䶷ۿǧѪսսʿȫͶȥһĿ⡣
ԭǶǲ̫ģܾܹսΪкݺЯһ
ڿܹżȻ
˵ܹԽսʤսչֳĸƣڳ˶̵ӡ
رʩչĿսƣһһȥڳЩλ׾Ĵӳͳ˧̲סΪ֮ľ
ֶΣʵ̫ǿˣҲ֪ʲô似
˭֪ҪǰӰĺͿռģڿȻսĶ
̲סĵطҪ֪ѰܹһԵѾǳ˲ˣ˵ôǿ
οܶˮϵ̫֮ǿǴû˵ĸͻƵؾļһ̫ܶеġ
ΣⳡдǻʤˣǺĻʤѪЩ¶ûκλԽ
ʵǶʱͻͽ
ݺɹһ˫ž⡣
ǵãڰϵʱʮλ׺λףʱʱǱŵܹʮ׸ɵ
ڣҪʮΧ¸ͲҪʲôˣУ㹻Էһһ
ǸʱҲֻµʱѣ
ڴ߶ԣµʱ϶̫ȴӲǵ۾Σǵ۾ǵ۾һͻƵؾ
ٶȣֱ˾Ī
ȴ֪һжΪڵԵʣҪȻԲôͻƵؾġ
֪Ǿϵĺˣ϶ܹȫյҩԴеĴڣþܹӾĽһСС壬չռһǺӡ
ҲˣʵǱǿˣҿܿ㡣
ԺݺЦ˵
ѽҿǵء
ݺЦɫˣȥԵ㶫ɣףһ£Ƕײͷ壬ҲˣܻҲˡ
š
ͷͬ⡣
˵ˣЩС˼ͷʱκһڳ⣬ڶѾˣǺܶط
䶷Удȶ֮˱㽥ɢȥӴѪͳĵ۾Уй¼
ڴˣûйȥˡ

ϣףһ֮󣬱Իȥˡ
ϣӰеõġ⽣˹ɣԼսڼõһЩջ񣬶ַҪѡ
⽣ǵԿһ죬޾Ʒ似ϵȽϹɵõİǿط֪ܿɾҪ޿ĳΪӾĽǿˡ
Ȼ⡭
ܰ𰡢Ϧ軹һЩ˵ȣҲõ˲ٶǱһֱ绹ս飬֮ǰǿ˲ֹ֡
˶ڱǿڼҲû˶ЩܵˣƵһЩ˵ҩҲͺˡ
һеһУչķǳ˳
ԼҲˣֻлһᣬǾǹԼĸףδԶż͸ȥҿˣǾʲô
ף֮ݺһȥˡ
˽ϻвҪȱҪݺСеġ硱תƵԼСʱںݺСеĹ壬ҲһҪתƻ
Ͼ̸СиһЩڣѾؾΪЩ˵ȫǲսʤĴˣ
ȰЩ㶨ȻǻǿߵСкҪ̽أ°ҹʱ򣬴һ˭ҵʲôȫƾˣ
ݺԴҲ൱ڴģʱ䲻࣬˾һϣҲܰСк顣
ԣǱš𡢷Ʒȵһϵ˹һ


1281 ֮Դ
ǿߵСк˭Ȥġ
õһǿߵСкʵǵõӡǣӡһ鱻سĺ
ϳأȴδڻϾǺں϶ɵĶûôױƻô˵ǿߵСк
ԣСкҲǱָ֣ĸʲôûܹ֪ˡ
ͺݺҲ֪Ǵһ̽һ룬Ȼȥ̽һ롣
ϣݺһͨԭʱСе磬йˣȫתƵСС
Ѿ̤뵽ؾӵԼС磬ȻҪٽúݺСˣȻԺݺҲһָ
ϣǧڵ޾ۼһ𣬼Ҫõȥ棿
Щ壬ڿҲѾЩ̲סˣҪ֪֮ǰݺûиṩ̫
ͻƵؾСڳɹۣЩСҲܹȻ档
ϣԭһϵ֮һƵͳţЩӵûʲôӣ½Χڻӿֳ˲ӵкܸ츳ޣ뵽˵Уص
Щţսʶ츳㹻ǿôƵ۽ƼߺݺЩŵȻǰҪﵽһǵ۾ΪУҪȻڵǺȫûκ
ϣһĵطǾǰĵط
硢׸Űʮಿ壬ϿȵУû˴ţԸĻҲԵطȥȵȡ
壬׾ĴڣһףиϣλϿ˵޿ɺõ۸Ҳ϶ȥ۸ϵˡ
˵ϣʮ˿˵ǾˮˮںܰȵԼչš
Ͼʮ˵ҪĻǱǿҪ棬Ǳȱ֤˵滷
ڣ»صСУҲǿߣһʮؾǿߣȫǰĲˡ
ЩۺսһǳһģΣգҲԿǳæʲôġ
֮⣬йڵǸ
ʮĲ壬޷ͨ飬ںݺûṩʲôǽЩûʲôչ
սȫתƵԼС磬ֱӱ㿪ʼṩˡ
˵СУĲٶȻǺģһ£໹Ǹպ㹻ôġ
һСоܹǧޡʮ򡢹ʮ档
Ȼǧץı塰²ǾͲϽķΧˣΪṩǣй壬СѾϣ˵Ǵƽ״̬
չ˵ķ²ôСͻˡ
ϾλףСеٶûô죬ݺôǿзϢ
ǺݺСжڣͬǿ֮⣬Ҳؾ֮ʵһҪֶΡ
ֻҪСеٶȾͻøзϢҵ֮
ؾʱڵҲЩ˽ģ˻֮⣬֮Ҳǿؾǿߺܶս
Ĳ˵Сжǧ飬ֱ֮Ӿһ࣡
֮սҲһңȴɣʵ˲١
ܹӵ㹻ǧڱҲҵ֮һɡ
ϧϧСеȫ㡣
㣬ȥҲÿһԼħ֮طˣطҪҪʵ̫Ӵˡ
СȻûʲôҪȥͨõҩˣֻҪƺСе㹻ˡ
ϣСڰ塢ͱ²ȫڲͬλá
²ǱȻңҲطҲȥᣬҪҪĻֱӽЩȫߣЩȫҲûϵ
ı죬ЩаĴΪҪ뵽ǿߵУҲһ³
ҪСеٶȣ֮⣬ǻһ취
˵һԼ֮󣬺ݺ΢΢һЦ˵취ȥѰһЩĵرСУĵر֮ԴƷʴӵ͵ȵߵȣЧܴ󣬼ֵȴȫƣһսŵĹѫһб
Ե˵ͷڻսѫûãŹؼʱõģڼȻݺ˵ˣôͲһЩһб
֮Դһֲϵʣȴֻܹӡ໥֮ŻЧ
սŹѫԶһƷб˿Ȼʼ֮ԴϢб֮ǰսѲõصģпϵĶѾûˣҲûϵʱֻҪοһ°ˡ
ܿбͳǰ
֮ԴȻе͵ȣеȺ͸ߵ֣֮Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǿһ۾Ϊ֮࣬սѲݲֿУֻһߵȵ֮ԴӡϣСٶȵʮ
һתۺʵĻ൱ܹǿս
ֻϧߵȵ֮ԴսѲݲֿҲһһǸߴһǧսŹף
Դ˾ҲֻηˣҪ֮ǰսѫһʯĻܹһ֮Դˣϸһ뵹ҲûǸҪ
еȵ֮ԴֵһҵսŹѫȴֻСɡ
鿴һ£ֵȻǲǸߵȵ֮Դ㣬ͬĹѫȴǲһЧеȵ֮ԴûҪһˡ
ڵ͵ȵ֮Դ͸ÿˣָֻٶȵİٷ֮һٷ֮ûʲôá
Ҫ֮ԴĻǵܵһǧսŹѫ
ţȻҡҡͷʱ׵Ժ󣬲ȥˡ
ţ̽ǿСкʱˣݺ֮ǰԼ˲˹һڰҹҲõˡ
Դ˻ǱȽڴģϾǿǿߵСк


1282 ѩ
ɽǿߣѾѳСкΪ
Скӡǣһѳĺ֪ʲôʵĺɣǳ̣ߺݺ˵˵Ǽ᲻ɴݵĴˡ
ҲֻɽǲεǿߣͽСкӡǸˡ
ʱҹš𡢻ȶܰϦȵȣһϵܹʮˣȫ˺ݺסǺݺʱǹġ
麮ǿߵСкûи˵ǽ̽һ°ɣõʲôǾͶǵġ
ݺһ˵
Զʱ𾪵һֱޱȵĹɶһ㶣ʵû뵽ҹĺݺǹȻĺµǣ
ǿߵСкʲô
˵ˣǶ˵ǼıϾһ嶼ֻм
οҪնɱ߶ԷСкԸε˵ǰöǿߵСкӡǣǳǧ궼ѵһĶھȻǰȴȥ̽
Склʲô
ʲôпܣر⻹ǸǿߵСк
һؾߵӡǣСкжпܴκζսԴ֮似ȵȡ
οһǿߵСк
һЩ̫Ʒʲô̫ϡ飬򵥵˵ͷ϶ȫǱرǶǰš𡢹ɵε˵
ܶ񶼿۵Ķ˵ǾԵıء
οղԼСеĶ
ȻлǺܶ࣬ΣҲеģпСлһЩǿıڣǿɵСһЩ
֣µ˵
Ҳõģ淲Ǵﵽؾ飬Ѿǰɵˣƾǵ磬ֻҪС£ȥСеı壬϶ûʲôΣյġ
ݺ˵
˸ԵͷںݺĻġ
ʵҶףǿߵСкУ϶Ҳڲ½½Ͽ϶вٱڡ
Щ壬ֻҪȥǵĻ϶Ҳ첻ʲôв
ˣǳɣСкȽϴ󣬸λԶһʱ䣬ҺͺݺӦѾ뿪ˡ
Ц˵
ʱ䣬϶ԷСкģͺݺ˵ȴǹ˵ġ
ͺݺСкžҪѪ䣬ȥ̽ԶżڹɡųǣͼСкͺˡ
ĻͺݺܴԶżʱ˵ۺս϶ֵõһѸ͵
ϾôǶһǿߵСкһЩջ񣬿϶ܹʵܴ
ţ磬ȥԶżһҪСİ˵Ǵǿߣжпء
ܰЩǵĶ˵
СӣһֱǷǳϲģҲܾûйעˣڿԽͤͤˡ
ţһСĵġ
˵ͷص˵
Ҳ׷׶ͺݺף֮Աܶ໰֮ǰʱѾ˵ˣҲûҪ˵̫ࡣ
΢һ£˱׼ʼ̽ǰСкˡ
ţȲٳ˸һࡣ
ɶ˵
˸ԵͷȷҪ뵽ǿߵСкȥ̽û˿ǲеġ
С飬Ҳһ濴ŰɣСкҪһɲôĽմԽ
ҲЦţС鵱Ȼޱһ档
ţݺһۣһ뵽һߵСкУǽһߵСкС
麮֮еĿռ䣬ٴӭ˲֮ͣ

Сһɲǣһ˶
̲ס˸£ԵĺݺҲһСкʵ̫ˣΪ⵽˲ƻºЩҡ
ڣЩˮϵ̫֮Уúĸо
ǿߵС硭
ȥǰһƬѩװգźģвٺķ籩
ַ籩һ㲢ңȴСе¶Ƚ͵һ͵ĳ̶ȣ¶ȣҲֻ߸оЩ䣬ʲô˺
ݺһ̾ͳԶһָһָǱֺ籩ǻǱܿȽϺãǣǱпҲˡ
֮ȥһѩҷ籩мˮϵ̫֮;֮ն˱飬һƬΧȫ͵˾ȵĳ̶ȡ
ҷ籩Ǻݺ㴥˵ˡ
ҵЩһЩһˣǿɶأӦòʲô⡣
ЦһЦ뵽һߵ
µСкжǱȽϷģֻǵźģܼȱȽϵͣҪĻҪʶ֪ˡ
ݺ˵ͷʾͬĻҵѩ׷籩Ǻܶ࣬нٶȲǺܿ죬ֻҪ˴Ҫ㿪ûκġ
ʼɣ֮⡣
Ժݺ˵ͷȻ߶ƿط۷εطֱӷųһ֮⣬ӳ˺ݺϡ
ݺҲ˳ʩչ˾ƿأԼʶ֪һӾܸ֪ԲķΧ
ӵǿʶ֪ͺݺٶȾһģѰλ׵С緽ԲһǿߵС磬ԲԳһ⻹Сȥ㡣
ԣľ֮⻹кݺԼҲ˾ƿأҲֻѰϵʱ䣬ͽСк顣
Ƭѩ磬ݺ·ӵһյƣҫΧԲķΧ
öķ籩Ҫǰö໨һЩʱ䣬ƿһЩȽϴķ籩ˡһ֮ͨλǰǧ֮⣬ҪҪȥ
ݺܿ͵óۣʵ
ͨа𣿡
Щȷʵ
֮ǰδ׵С磬ݺǿֱӽԷ֮ͨڲκΣա
ڣǿߵС磡
ûҲҪһԣ֮ͨպûû⵽ƻĻ϶кܶö
ݺ˫۷Ź⣬˵Σʮ㣬˵ϲһЩսԵ顣
ţǾ͹ȥɣ㣬ԼСġ
ǲܽԷ֮ͨˣƾȥѣʱҲֻܵȺݺȥж
ĺˣҪΣգҲб
ݺЦֱӳŰǧȥ


1283 δ֪ʬ
ܿ죬ݺȥ˰ǧĵط
һƬУȻ鲼űѩһĺûʲô̫ǿķ籩Ϊ֮ͨ籩ط˲١
յУǰ֮ͨĿ֮оȻȫ𾪵ɫΪǰ֮ͨȻһڼ޴ıף
ǿڱ׵Уһڵľ̬ΪŹ֣ΣȴĴ֣Ǿ޴׵С
ǡ
ݺоЩ˼֮ͨ棬Ȼһڲ֪ʲôʬ壿࣬ҿǴû˵ġ
ͨͨؾʱ𣿡
üͷ΢壬˼һ֮˵֪ʬ壬ͨոյʱʹˣ˵Ǳ֮Žʬýȥ
֪Ҫǿս̣пƲһڣȴʲôҲ㲻ء
ݺҡҡͷʾΪ
ô죿
̧ͷѯʡ
ҿںײûڣܲҽС
ݺһ˵ţһߴ߶ƿأʶ֪ȫײϣȻҪ̽һײġ
ܿ죬ݺʧҡҡͷ
ײȫܷ⣬ҵ·ӽڲҪȥֻһ취ǰ⺮ײĴˡ
ݺԥɫ˵
⺮ײĴƵĻ᲻ʲôһʬǴûмһʲôаŹŹ֣ǿɾͳԲ˶ˡ
ôƣСкǵģ֮ͨҲܲǵȵⶫɡ
ݺЩ飬ƽʱһֱܵģ֪ΪΣڿǾδ֪ʬ徹ȻëȻĸо
˵Ǵûйģúݺδ֪ʬǼɵ
кײĽͷǲʲô飬һײĻ飬δ֪ʬֱӱ¶⣬ܾܿͻһЩ벻ƻ
ݺֱ麮ײģûκκô
ȻӺݺģʵҲʬϸܵޱȵĹ죬˵Էֻһʬˣһʬо˲ãɼǶǰǺεȵĴڣ
ԻȥսŵϣõһЩõĶ
ҡҡͷڵȷ˰ɣǼѰһȥ
ݺͷͬ⣺߰ɡ
֮ǰٴοһǺײڱŵδ֪ʬ壬ٴһûж룬Ѹ뿪˴˵ء

ܿ죬˱뿪Ǻײľ룬ݺʶ֪Ѿ֪ˡ
ֱʱ˲˿һ·ϣδ֪ʬĹϢһֱƣַǳõĸо
δ̫Źˣ⺮ײĺеʬ壬ɽǰӦ֪ģϾǽСкɱĺܶ׾šȴδ˵
ţоЩ֡
ʲôҪΣյĶǿ϶ȡߵİɣ
ݺ˵ͷҲţѵǶˣ
֪ͷлĻɽǰˣҲ벻ʲô
ЦЦ˵
Ҳǣʱٿɡ
ݺҡҡͷȥδ֪ʬ飬֪ΪʲôǾʬģȴʼԺлصЩ֮ȥ
ҲеĸоܾʬЩԾĵطȴûκΰ취ֻʱȷ˼ˡ
˺ܿ쿿һ֮ͨݺѾ֪ˣεЩ֡
֮ͨѾٵˣǹȥɡ
С綼ѾǲкˣƳ룬֮ͨҲûʲô⡣
˳ĿĵطȥܿһĿռѷ죬ǿռѷ츽Ķȫˡ
ʲôֻҪһȥֱӱǿռѷߣûκ
һǿռѷȥû֪ʲôǿ߶֪
˵ǿռѷ֮УʱյĶϲ㣬̫елҪֲ̫Уô̫еɣڵġ
ֿռѷУ˵ȴǾԵޣͷʲôûУ֮˵Ǵ˵Ϊû˽ȥܹ֮ģǿ߶ˣ
ȻȻûʲôǿȥԵģֻԹ˵ˣ֪ǰµȷǿ߳Թȴûܹġ
ھĽڵĿСкУҲֿռѷ죬ȥɱǿߡ
ʱŸյؾãԵȴǵ۾ǿ׷ɱСкУЩռѷ죬ֱӿɱǿ֣۹ʧΪء
ڣȻ˺ܶܶ࣬ȴҲȫȥЩռѷ죬һ·һҲòʲôô
̫ϧˣһ֮ͨȻ˿ռѷС
ݺΪϧ˵
û취ȥҰɡ
һ߼ʵĿռѷΧһ㺮ĶûУͳһƬ޿տ֪ǿռѷжΣˡ
ѸӹƬȻСкȥ
ܿ죬ٴûһһĺ籩Уۼ޷κζֻܹʶ֪
ģʶ֪ܵӰ죬ݺܹ֪ķΧԽԽСһʱ֮󣬱ֻԭһ롣
һ֮ͨˣܹͨʶ֪ǿȣȫʶ֪ǿúܽˣ֪᲻ʲô⣬ȥ𣿡
ݺ˵
ҸһȥɣоҪʲôΣգҲֱӽУǾǾ԰ȫˡȻǱ˿ռѷ죬ǾĲ֪ʲôˡ
һ˵ţһ߳źݺ
ݺδ飬һǰнԽǰݺʶ֪ΧԽԽ
ܿ죬˱һƬѩзĺѩûʲôƻȴܹ޶ȵε˵ʶ֪
ݺڵʶ֪Χ˽ʮѾһǳΣյľˣϾʮһЩǿ˵ȫһ˲ܴľ롣
ҪΧʲôΣ˸
˲δǼǰֱ˵ʶ֪ȫΣΧѩ裬ǵȫסˡ
ǣòѾ֮ͨڲ˰ɣ
ͻȻһɻôãûʲôʵԵĶɲɻ
ݺһʱҲпܣ֮ͨǹŹ֣ܽǵʶ֪ȫΡսʩչͨЧҲ̫˵㡣
ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ƿܹǿߵʶ֪ͺݺжͲö˵ˣЧǳԡ
ͷͨȻܹ˵ʶ֪
ȫһƿȫ෴ֶΣսóĻ³̶ȿ֪
ͨ£зȫȫϹӣ


1284 ջ
ڱ鲼ŷѩлǰУʶ֪۶ȫʧЧ˲òüΪʱκ
Ѿ뵽ˣҲֻмǰһ·ˣΪ˵ĻٵĽһѾѩˣֻҪһ򲻶ǰͺá
ѩУԷֻܻǣ֣ǰеĹУתʱ׼
ʱ׼žһκ⣬ȡܹźݺ㵽ȥ
ΧϴѩХ֮˾ϹӣдС
ڣһֱ˺ܾãûκΣտˣһƬѩ֮ƺȫȫֻʣ·ѩûʲôĴڡ
ǰʲô
Ȼһʲô˵ΧѩХ̫Уݺܻ
ݺԣָķȥȻǰһ֮ĵطһʵıɫâ
Ȼʣѩ£ǺֱܹΧĲͬ
ȥɡ
ݺҲǴһȻǣֳʱɫâĵطȥ

һƬѩ룬һƱɫĹâʵĴ֪೤ʱ䶼ûˡ
ڣͺݺɫâȻǴһöˮ洫ġ
ˣΧЩѩǴ⺮ˮڲϵķɳ
ѩ裬ͬһ澰ε뷶Χڵߵʶ֪ʵ𾪡
⺮ˮѵ֮ͨĺģ
ţЩ̫ȷΪԱһԼڵߴ֮ͨûзƵĴڡ
ǾϢֻͨжû⺮ˮһĶ
⺮ˮӦһͨǿֶΣ֮ͨڣǺѰ֮УܹǿͨЧ
ݺһ˼Ȼ˵򺮱Եģ⺮ˮЧطǳãֵҲǳ߰׸սţҲսŹѫ
սŹѫ־Բˡ
Щȣ൱һö쾧֮ˣ
⺮ˮԵͨ
ʵ⺮ˮΧ紵ѩ֮͸ˣҪ֮ǰöԷõ
ϻԵƴڣֻǶǳϡУаӰԵƴڣͨҲǷǳЧġ
ݺһ˵ţһ߿ʼѪɫĴȫɢһֻ޴Ѫɫ֣֮
ȻֻѪɫֱ֮㳯Ǻˮһץ˹ȥʱ䳯ͷɢͷֹס
ˮûбʲôƻȻԹԵľݺˣǺˮ뵽ݺС֮󣬳¶ȸоһ˲١
紵ѩ֮һΧѩԽԽͺݺ˵ʶ֪Ҳʼ𽥻ָ
˵ûȫָôԸ֪֮ĴˣͨԭЧܹʮʶ֪ȴܹȫʶ֪
ݺ˿
ʶ֪Χ̽ȥһжģûκΣڸҳзѩҲԽԽ
ûǺˮ֧£ͨʶ֪谭Чٱʮ
ͷǺˮˣǷǮ
ݺΪϲջǳãóȥһԴܹһˡ
ǿߵСкȻȺö
ҲЩпȴδԭ̫ͣãǺܿ뿪˴˵أСкǰˡ
һСк̽ҲҪˡ
ÿСж߸֮ͨǿߵСкֳ룬ͺݺһУĸ֮ͨҲ֪ǰ滹ûС
ǰһ·ϣ˸СΪΧĿռѷԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼʱȫبǰһƬյУ赲סǰеĵ·
;˵ҲҵһЩöһЩʹõսϹż̫ż޾С
ȻЩսܹõģûȥҲǲѡ񣬿սĲϡ
ϾǿߵС磬ս֮СжõñȽϼУķǳϸһʶ֪̽⵽κοɵĶ̾ǰȥ鿴пܾͻᷢһռս
ڿռսڣǴһЩԴսȵȣиָҩֻϧҩͺݺûãҵĴҩǽõģ嶼û취еҩϾ֮ṹͬ
һ֮ͨˣϧ
ܿ죬źݺ㵽һ֮ͨڴȻ˶һ׳۵ľ
ǰһޱȾ͵Ŀռѷ죬Скǰռѷ֮ϣȻһޱȺƴ׳۵ıɽ
ɽǺݺ֪һͨ±ȾҪϲ֪ٱǰС
ֻɽȴڲϱǿռѷɽȥ˵ٶȷǳȴóٹɽᱻռѷ쳹ɵˡ
ٶȣŻüʱ䣬ɽŻᱻȫ̵ô죬Ҫɽһ𣿡
۾źݺʵ
ʣǱɽڱռѷɣڹȥΣԷǳߣһ֮ͨǿʲôţôضǼֵܸߵĶ
ȻΣգȡһµĻƺҲġ
ݺ˵ͷҹȥˣԿռѷ죬ΣգҲܽҾȳġ
һɣҲ㡣
˵仰ȴЩ飬Ϊĺݺ̫ЦˣҪ֪ݺǱҪߵöء
Ϊ̫ͣɽԽ㶳ˣ㻹ǹԹɣĺˣҿûô׳¡
ݺԴЦţǼ档
˵ʵһٶȻЩŵĻҪչһܻ˶һЩʱ䡣
Ҳûм֣ʵҲ֪Լ˾֮⣬ںݺǰﲻ̫æġ
ÿЩʵС
ţ㿴źݺɽѸٷɹȥ
Ȼںݺ֮ǰ֮ϼӳһ£ʮʶ֪ܹǰ֪һЩпΣա
ɽ¶ڿռѷͷռѷ컹мľģݺһͷɽĻӦòܵռѷϾ뻹Զ
ûãݺҰʧˣֻƾƿصĸ֪ܹ֪ڵΡ
Ҳûţԭر벻϶пƮĺ籩СкжڵΣˣÿʱÿ̶


1285 ռ侫
Щơ
ΪСкУԴȵӦúܶģΪռѷŰԼĴ籩ϮºܶԴѾƻˡ
ʱҵĿռսģдŵĴѾ𻵣ȻǺ籩Ľˡ
ݺȥ̽ɽֻԶĬĬȴ
뵽Ǳ鲼ڴֵδ֪ʬ壬뵽Ҫһ֮Դ뵽˲ǰŵõĺˮ
ۺ˵һС̽ջѾˣĹ㻹Щࡣ
ǺˮֵƣսԴȵȣܹҲ߰սŹѫӡ
Скһεǿ߰
ϻжٲƸ
˵̫Ʒ㲻ʲôöˣڣСкȴֻõ̫Ʒ
ȻѾٻˣϾ֮ս̫ңսߵС϶ǱݺݵĴݲйġ
ͷпֱԱһö֮ͨŻᵼ֮ǰи֮ͨڴѾױռѷû
Ϊˣǰɽһ֮ͨϣܴеõһЩȽĶ
ȴݺܿٶȽ뵽ɽУʩչѪɫֶΣɽƿһͨ

һʱ
Զɽıռѷսȥ̲סЩȴ֪ԼżҲûʲôá
Ȼʱȴ֣ɽռѷսȥٶȣȻԽԽ죬̶̼ʱڣͻȻͱ֮ǰʮ
д󾪣
Ҫǰԭٶȣɽսռѷ죬ٻúüʱ䣬ڵٶȣ¼ֲ˶ã
ݺ᲻Σգ
ҪǣǱɽյٶȣȻڱԽԽ죬иû취ˡ
ҪǼȥݺ뿪ͻɽһ𣬱ռѷˣ
д󺧣ʱҪɽȥôҲĿźݺռѷ쵱ȥ
ܵһ룬ɽȻѾһȥȻ֪ǿռѷˣʲôԭɽȥٶȱ֮ǰ˰ٱֹ
ݺ
˻ߣҪ֪ͨݺѸٴӱɽгȴҲ֪ܴôԶȥ
λһ⣬յȫ߶ƾ۵֮ͨѸٳűɽȥ
ܿ͸ܵԿռѷʱǺǿңҧأǰС
ʱһϤϢ˱ɽԵݺȺĺͨһɫη˳
Ǻݺ
ʱ˿ڻüʱҲ˲ȥ˼ݺûдӱɽеõʲôˣȫ˼˺ݺϡ
ҪǺݺʲô£õٶණκοĵĸо
ȻݺӳˣڱɽѾռѷܴһˣºݺʱ򣬾ռѷ˺ܶࡣ
ݺҲܵ˿ռѷǿʵȽǿѪɫ˫ֱչҽ̫ƷѪ߶ĶԳһȶڵֵסԿռѷ
ԶԶļĳӣ̲סꡱһЦ
ܵܣôĽѽߣǶԽһζû
ݺһߵֵſռѷһ߻ĳͷɳȻ֣ԶԶ뿪ط
ݺȫˣ±˿ûмǰˣȥϾǰĻƾΪ»ܲסռѷˡ
ܿ죬ݺ׷һ첲Զȥ
οŪһöˣʵոǺˮҲһʵıȴǿռģ
ݺһһЩϲ˵ոöˮʵƽöͽռ侫ռͨЧ
ռ侫
ظһ֣ǰһⶫ˵ľ֮ͨϣ
벻ݺðվȻõôõĶеԤˣڶԿռ侫ľЧҲ˽⣬Աѯһ
ݺĽͣٴ
˵öߺԵͨĻôöռ侫Ҫööˣܹ߿ռԵͨ˱ϵЧ
ɽһʼռѷȥٶȣ֮ôΪɽڲöռ侫ڵֵſռѷ
ݺȡ˿ռ侫ɽȥٶһӾ˰ٱɼöռ侫ЧǶô£
ûпռԵͨˣҵ˲ֶζ似һͨռôһϵ˵ȫǿռԣöռ侫ӦҲܶࡣ
ݺһ߶˵ţһ߽һöɢſռϢˮ
öˮԴС֮ǰöȭͷСĺȷһҪܶ࣡
ԣ뵽Լ֮ͨ
֮ǴռԵͨȴӵͻƿռϵĹЧǿռ侫ھ֮֮ͨУ᲻ͻƿռϵǿ˱
ţԽԽпܣӹöˮ
ܿ죬˾ԶԶ뿪ǿռѷӰ췶ΧңңȥʱޱȾ͵ıɽȻѾǿռѷûȥһ㶼ûʣ¡
ҪǺݺôһڿҲ̽ȥˣһʣҪ֪ռѷԽԽҪǺݺǿռѷٽһ㣬ȫʩΪӲѿռѷˡ
жǺѸٵģõ˿ռ侫ֱ֮ٶȴӱɽѳûһʱ䡣
ڻռ侫ʱ򣬱ϾСклǴźܶΣգռѷ쵽ǣк籩ĴϮ
ȼܿͽСкʣȫˣϧǲδٵõණ
Ϊ￿С羡ͷܵƻأռѷҲƵĳֵ֣ĿռѷձҪͺܶࡣ
Ϊˣ䵽⸽ĿռսԴȵȣҪڱѩ籩бˣǱռѷսȥȫˡ
˽Ск˸飬ֱʲôõĶûˣ׼뿪ˡ
ûǿı塣
ݺЦЦ˵
ĴڣһСкаɣԸʲô̫ǿĴڣùԶԸɡ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ
Яȥ֮ǰ뵽սþǾδ֪ʬ壬ĶֲԤС
ǲδ룬ʬʱײĸסһʱҲܳοô¹죬Ҳֻһʬˡ
ܿ콫עתƵ˿ռ侫
ܺ棬õԼ֮֮ͨУʲôı仯


1286 ߽ռ
ͺݺһ뿪ǰСк
˲û̫Ǻײеδ֪ʬ壬ǰ˼ȫǿռ侫ϣ֪ⱦܽԼľ֮٣
֮ĵͨʩչԴһ͸κοռϵͨȻֱӿռϡ
ؼʱһܺõıͨʱԷΪѾסˣʵȴʱռϡ
ǰһõĲر࣬ΪһֱҪסĶ֣Ҫǿ̫ˣ֮޷á
֮ǰǺӹżʱͨ˵Χ£ҲʱһαɱĺԱ
ͨЧΣͲҪ˵ˣĹУڵľܹ֮ĿռϣžѰλĿռˡ
˵ԶԶ
Ҫǰ̽Զżǻ뵽ѧԺһЩޱΣյҪܹͨøǿȻڹؼʱա
ֻǣ֮һֻͨһСǿռԵģǰӰԵģ֮֮ͨУռֻռ֮һ
ռ侫ĵطƺЩ˷ѣȻȴô࣬ͺݺ˫ͨУҲֻо̺֮ſռˡ
Կɡ
ݺһЦǴСкеõĶðײãǿԼʵܱúá
οôĶ֮Ҳû˭𣬶ʱǲܵġ
ſռ侫һö̺ռˮеĿռƺˮϵ̫֮ҪǿһЩ
Ȼ֪϶һֳԽ̫֮˵Ǵ̫֮ĸǿ
򵥵˵ӦĳֿռԵʾģ
޾ʾռģŨһöˮУǶ뵽ͨУܹǿͨĿռ
ںݺעĿ£ֳſռ侫ˮȻֱӽ뵽˾С
ڣ֮ͨСУСڣھ֮Уھڲռ֮ԡ
Կƾ̬Сʹ䱣˰ƴСȻɺݺտţҲҪ¡
뵽ԼС֮ûʲôʱ䣬ΪԶżһеĳѾʣ¶ʱˡ
ýռ侫Ǳ֮ͨڣȻԿһбöǿ
ܿ죬˾֮֮ͨ
ͨĹʵǳֳһڵ·һƬڰյУȫ޷ƾȥ֣ԼȻԸ֪ڵλá
ռ侫ֱǶȥͿ˰ɡ
ţȻֳſռ侫ˮģĴڳž·λ÷ֹ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ռ侫Ĳٿ£ûһ·֮ϡ
ȻԵĸܵԼ֮ͨȻڿʼöռ侫еʾռ
ǿռ侫еģ֮ͨҲֻкٵһְˡ
Ȼʾռĵɢ·ϣԸܵԾ֮ͨļǿԲһ㡣
ȻʩչʲôЧ仯Ͳ֪ˣֻܳȥһԲС
ˣ뿪ˡ
֮ܵı仯𽥱ȶȻĵ˵ͷ̱뿪ԼС硣
Σľз˳³˺ݺǰ
㶨ˣ
ݺʡ
š
˵ͷٺһЦҪԿЧΣ㴴һռϣܴܲ͸ȥ
ݺһδ׾ǿߣڵõռ侫֮ǰô֮϶޷ԽĿռϡ
ڿɾͲһˣ
ݺûоֱܾӳ³ϿշȥϾҪͨЧ³飬ҪȻƻɾͲˡ
߿գѪǵ֮ңͣΡ
ݺΪѪ幫һռϵȻǲģռҲǺܸߣҲûʲô̫ǿĿռġ
Ŀռϣ²ǷǳǿԼҲ֪һ㣺ܵܣɵ׼ռֻǰӵģֱܹӽ䴩ˣҪԳǾ֮ͨЧ⿿ҿ²ء
ţ˵Ŀռ϶޷͸ǿɾͶ
ٺһЦʾúݺЩ
ݺδʲôʱ䣬Һһλ֮󣬻ðһѪ֮ɫĿռģȻĿռĶѪɫģ֮ǰûô
ܿ죬ЩѪɫĿռģһ𹹽һѪɫĿռķ˶С
ͬһѪɫη׹Ѻ
һھϢȻģھϢȻƻǿᣬȴ޷͸һѪɫηҲǺݺʩչĿռֶΡ
⣬ҲȫԤ֮Уδȡ
ϾռϣſռǿռҪȻǾϢľǿƻͨ޷ռϵġ
ˣ԰ɡ
ͷݺЦ˺˼ȴʩչ֮
Ѫɫ֮е˵ͷȻרעĴ߶֮֮ͨδ߶ĸ֮ܺǰͬԸܵпռԵǿʮ
ӿĿռ֮Ŀռϴ͸һӱ˲֪٣
һ̣һڵĿռ·ӳһ쿪ȥѪɫ״͸
·Ѫɫһ͸һܹռ߽Ѫɫʼ
ô£
ݺʼˣûм˵ģͨȻܹռĶ߽ˣ
߽ռĵЧúݺе˲˼飡
ϽԿܷ֮ˮϵ̫߽֮ˣҪܹǿɾ˰
ݺæЩ˷ܵ˵
ӵЧĳǿͨսп𵽵ýԶ׼ģرԶż̽У˵ͻһЩЧ
ҲЩ˷ܣҲû뵽֮Ƕ˿ռ侫֮󣬾Ȼܹı仯
Źʱ䣬ԭѪɫѾ߽ˣڣ˵ݺĿռĸ޷ס
Ҫ֪ݺȻҪռĵģϾҲһ׾ǿڣλףѪɫġ
С飬ԡ
һЦдӻȡ˳
С鱾ϢЩ鲻ԸӣҲֻܹͷųˮϵ̫֮ˣҪĻҲֻС
ҲûʲôʧȻƴӵģܾܾҪ
г֮һˮϵ̫֮ʱӳǰγһˮϵ̫֮ϣ


1287 ǿͨ
ɵĿռϣˮϵ̫֮ɣϣ˵ǿĿռ֮һˡ
Ͼˮϵ̫֮пռĵԴȪϴĿռģǸ첻ɹˮϵ̫֮ѡ
ԣֻҪ㹻ǿˮϵ̫֮ɵĿռϣǷǳԱݻ٣
һˮϵ̫֮ϣһֱ̧֣ӳϷųһ֮
·Ѹӳȥܿ㴩͸̫֮ϡ
֮ǰԤϵˣϾռϲǺǿȲ֮ǰݺѪɫ
ȥĲǹؼ
ڴ͸ˮϵ̫֮֮󣬾֮ű߽⣬ոնѪɫһģһ
Ȼ߽ˮϵ̫֮ٶһЩʵ֤֮ȷǿԽˮϵ̫߽֮ģ
һޱȾ˵ķ֡
ܹ͸߽ռϣȫֲһĸֻǴ͸Ļͺݺô˷ܣֻǾ֮Чǿ˶ѡ
ܹ߽⣬Ǹȫһˣ۶ǿĿռϣֻܹ߽֮ʱ䳤̵ˣ
ʵԽǿǿߣռõԽǿ߽ҪԽʱ䡣
۵ˮϵ̫֮ϣȻǿȱȲϺݺѪɫȴǸ߽߳ܶ࣬ٶ˲١
ǣվǿԽ߽ģ
ͺݺķ֣ʣǶ˿ռ侫֮ͨһгǿֻͨҪһʱ䣬ûκοռ޷ƽģ໨һЩʱȥ߽Ϳˡ
˵СкֵõĶˣҸպúڽȥ˵ԶżһС
֪Զż֮У϶һЩȽѵ޷ǰȵȣռĵ壬ǾûκαҪˡ
Ϊܹ֮κοռ߽⣬ˮϵ̫֮
Ȼʾռܷ񱻾߽֮⣬Ͳ֪ˣûʾռó顭
ͨżһпɾͰȫöˣٲᱻռסס
ݺһ˫ɫͨĽʣһ񼼣ӵжǵˣҪȻ̫ˡ
ţȻˣҲ׼׼˰ɡ
˵ͷʱҲ˿֮Ƕռ侫֮Чûʧ

Ѫǣ³Уɫ𽥷
ͺݺص˳ڣԼصȴϣǿߵСкһǱϣһ뻹³ڣš𡢷ܰһ̽š
̽СкٶȣԶԶȲͺݺеæˡ
ͺݺ³ǵĳſڴȴš
ܿ죬Ѫ˾һˣɫɴɷƮ죬˲µģ˫֮ȴ͸žɭȻ֮ɫɱȻ
ȫͬʷȴһϣؼǾȻͻʵ˷˼
ѪѪɫףϴˬʵЦݣЦǰ
ӣ÷׼ǽȥҪˣͨʱӡǰԶżڴ
Ѫ߹Ц򣬺ٺ˵
÷򡭡
ڶԷƺǲÿɷ񣬷ž֮ͨЧҲûбҪôöԷ֪ЦһЦţ׼ˡ
ȵҵСɣҪǽȥżûʲôΣգٳ١
һЦ˵
Ϊ˱Ϊ̫ͣսԶżͱʲôΣɱ
ͺݺȻܾڴ֮ǰǵȻҪеģѪ֮⣬һЩսŵͳһμжһ֮ǰѪ˵ˡ
ԶżУΣԷǳߣٵĻ治̤С
˵ʲôǿĶ֣ҪǻԶżɶһЩԶĹżЩͳˣȴڹżºܶ౦Ķ
ÿһżһʾ޴ĲƸ
ֻҲķպ谭ܵõͷĲƸġ
Լʱ쵽ˣҲǵ̫á
ܿ죬һһŮǿߴԶ߷ɹɫףѪһδ׵ΪҲһǵ۾ͳ죡
Ѫĵ۾ͳ죬ĴǸеһ۾һ۾ţ۾еǿԽԽ࣬ôѪҲͻ֮仯õ
磬۾гһ̤ؾôžͳΪ׼׾ţõսŵչˣɷһЩȽϷḻǳ׾
۾ź׾ţ໥֮Ǿ޴ġ
׾ţսսţҲսŵڣڵ۾ţƽʱǽһЩСսۣȥһЩ޹ؽҪȻΣС˲٣ҪõԴȴҲѡ
۾ŵĳԱԴԼȥսƾɼҪ粻֪õء
˾ͽӣ˾ͽ۾ͳ죬Ա塣
Ѫͺݺһ£ɫ׵һһŮǿߣܿ߷䵽ԡ
Ѫ䣬ȻϤˣͺݺȻʶ
˵ϵʥŮǴѧԺģڿȻΣյϢ
˾ͽɨһЦ˵ȻǺڴģӦ˵ͬУԸȹע
ͬȽ׳˶ıŮӣ˾ͽվ˾ͽԣͬɨһ˫е˸һֳ羴ɫʡ
û̫ǿʵôŮпܾͻЩơȻʵǶǿö࣬£ʲôҲȫûҪˣȡѡ
˾ͽˣĿתƵݺϵʱ򣬾ûôѺˡ
Ѫ䣬˵λãҲйŸո̤֮ĺ𣿡
˾ͽüͷ΢˵
һδףҪǰԶż̽ȷЩǿҪʲôΣգܶġ
ڰѪӣԱ˾ͽ˵ʱͦģм仹͸¶˶ԺݺеĲ
رǴˡŸո̤λ׾磬Ѫ䣬ȷҪȥ
˾ͽεüͷȻǶڵܴ
ĺˣ˸ոսϣҲ˴󹦣Ұæסͷ壬˴˴εıս۴ݣ룬ǲҪǵİΣġ
ѪЦһЦݺ˵
ʵҲЩͷˣΪҪͺݺ飬֮ǰ˵ˣҶԷ֮ǰҲͬ˵ģڵ澹ȻҪ˵һ飬ûѪ


1288 籩
Ĳ˵ĲĻһԶżзЩʲô⣬Ǻ鷳顭
ѪԺݺˮƽǺεģﲻæҲ϶ʲô鷳Ǹž⡣
ԣѪڶһЩˡ
Ѫ˵֮ⷬ˾ͽӻЩΣԺݺ̬Ȳûת䡣
ȻôҲϾԶżѰĵطпһЩԵļһܾͻԵĴ
ֱλģûʲô⣬ǻһֱСеġ
˵ĻɾͱѪ˵зˣô˵ˣҪʲôҲʵ˵ȥˡ
˾ͽӡ˾ͽ˶սŵǿߣѪһݣҲֻأûҪ¡
Ҫֳ֪ǿߣҲֻսŹӶˣܶôҪȻսͳ˧ǾԲưոݡ
Ȼûʲô޵ĻǿһҲᷢʲôͻҶǻᾡ⡭
ͺݺûж˵ʲôֻǸ˵һ£ոյõĿռ侫ܹľ֮ͨʴκοռģˮϵ̫֮
ϢǰһҪֶ֪ĳЩؼʱܹ̿ģ
ûнϢ㴫ȥ˵ڶеĵλʵЧȴã˻ʲôġ
ȵԶżУҪʱ򣬵ʱٱֳҲ٣ǲ˶һҶӡ󳹵׸Ĺ۰ɡ
˴Űʱʱ䣬Ѫ䡢˾ͽӺ˾ͽĸ֮⣬ǿߣԼһǿߣȫδ׵ǿߣ
ǿΪ⣬Ϊһ׷꣬˴ãͬһؤȻδףȴֵûκδڸС
ͺݺˣϸעĻʶĺ׷꣬Ҳ֪ôһ¡
ûдڸеʣͺݺһʼûע⵽һˣע⵽ǰ׷ꡣ
̫ˡ
üͷǲ׷ݣȻ壬ҲӦսŹӶݣһսŵıơ
ԷѪİ֣˭ڲ̫ͣҲûǸҪ˽ô
ͺݺҪСбһ֮⣬ܹʮһˣҪһμӴ˴εԶżж
żڣѪľųԱֵģѪжĶӳˣһ㵹ûȥԣϾϣҲԼ׳ɵĹء
ţѪ£ܹʮһսǿߣһǰǷһ֮õԶż
һ֮ǰżڱ˷֣Ѫһֱ˹۲졣
ʱ䣬żڸûʲô仯жһƬţҲΪȷżǷǱ͵ġ
еżͻȻ彮Уп嶪ı壬ֱܿӱݻٸһС
һµʱû飬ǾͲʲôˣԶżӦӹʱɡ
żжĴϢֶ޷ȥĻƾѪǸܽ䷢ֵġ
Ѫ䣬ǿߣȽԷһЩؾʩ彮߽總ӵһЩ̽ⷨ󣬴Ӷֹܹ͵͵ըһĶ͵彮֮ڡ
ԭڽڵżǿߺսҲᣬû̫Σܸ̽˴ٺôҲܹ֮̽ս顣
ʮһˣͺݺܿͨʱӡǣǰѪǸرصһƬԶżڣƬ룡
˼פأһʱû˴Ͱϱսţ⣬ʱ׼żڴƻ٣
ѪԼսŵ¾
ĸʵҲĶδ׵Ϊ磬жȻ棬ǽѪ´żڴ
ڸú˲ƻʲô⣬ֻҪЩ󣬾ܹżں뵽ռȥ
ԶżΣʵ̫Ѫ䲻òø׼С

ѪĸֹĽȻѪڵʮһǿرУԶżڸǰ
һŵɫ͹ȦȦ͸СԲ״Ȼһֻܽһˡ
ռƻ£СȽȥ˸š
Ѫ´Ȼͼǰ׷ߵ˶ǰͷֱȻûʲôڸУһ̤̤뵽ǵɫ͹Ȧ֮Уδǰʧ
֪׷걻Сס»ЩȻأӵĳƺһֻɡ
СģϾʵǿڶȥûʲô⡣
δ׵СףĳκΣջµǾԵĵһλȽУҲûʲôˡ
֮ѪںҲһϣ˳̤ǵɫ͹Ȧ
ʮһ˽ȥ֮ԲιȦȻڵյУûκθı䣬·ûһ
Ѫսŵ£ǾְصػԶżڵĸ

Զż̽жʽʼˡ
СеͺݺҲͨṩⲿͼʲôģ
һʱ֮ĻŤһƬڰ֮ȻһƬŻɳյС
⴦գȥɳռ䣬ɳ۳ɷ籩ƬռĴϮţĩһ㡣
ǽϵ̫֮Сģ
һЩɳʱޱȾԺݺ˵
Щɳɵķ籩Ȼǽϵ̫֮ɣһУǳ鷳
Ȼͷżбַ籩סΣյĿԽӡ
֮Ѫ䡢˾ͽӡ˾ͽˣҲܿƬɳĿռ䣬һ˻ûͻȻ侪
һɳ籩ȻʹսռʮȫУȻãΪĻɳ籩ռвƿϮš
պÿӿҲû취ǰ׼˲䱬ڵֶθʩչ
ֲĽϵ̫֮˲䱬ܹδײεǿ˺飬Ȼʩչ˷ֶξӦʱûˡ
ؼڣǻһûнҲڴʱһ޺޷ĳԱߣȻ󱻾뵽⿪籩С
ȫ޷ޣ˲ȫѣѪӿ


1289 籩֮
޷籩ޣȫ¶ѣѪӿ
̷ӦһķѸȫ£ҵĽϵ̫֮籩ס
ߣ
֪˭һѸٳŷ籩֮˿ȥ綼ͣʩչֶ֮󣬶ֵܵסһĽϵ̫֮籩
ͺݺСУ۲ҪԼܹô졣
Ȼа취ģǻޣǽеڲռ䣬ðӰ֮αװ뵽ϵ̫֮ķ籩С
Ȼְ취ܹ뿪ֽϵ̫֮ķ籩Ψһǣĵ⡣
ǽеڲռ䣬ôƾеͿʩչӰ֮飬ĵͻȽ϶ˡ
ȻҲԣĵ࣬ĳЩ£϶ȡֵķɹѹء
ʮһˣѸٳ򣬳ԶżĸǰܿƬϵ̫֮ķ籩
˵ޣڷ籩бϵ̫֮ˣʱڴ˺ͷ
籩֮ʱǵõһϢʱ䣬ʱӦǰȫˣнϵ̫֮籩Ϯĸʻ̫С
ͨǬŤת
ʱһδ׾ޣ˵ʩչһͨ
ȴһڰɫһ𣬺ܿ츲ܵ˵ȫ£ȻѸȫµơ
ǬŤתͨȫȫͨʱʩչЧȻǼõģҪʲô˵ҩֱ޳׻ָ˹
һĻȫΪ棬ϰΪ
Щ죬ΪͷһμôǿͨȻ̶̼ʱ䣬Ͱȫ˵޸˻
ҪҲѧͨܽʡ˵ҩһԴĻٶȽɣ
δʲôҲûԭ˷ʱ䡣
˱ƺ֮Ҳûж˵ʲôм֮Ļ˶һ̽ԶżмĻ뿪֮˵
ڣûʲôʱ˷ѣ
ȥϵ̫֮۶ɵĻɳռŰӣͷ£ǰңȫǻɳ籩ĩհľ
ĻУֻдӷ籩зͨʱ׼÷ֶΣֹͻȻз籩գֱӳԼΧ
ÿһ˶ʮֵľûһ˿һиΪΣյĵطһСľͻᵼɥ
˵Щ߶δˣǿˣż޼ɵġ
ʶ֪ķΧС࣬ǰ̫Σˡ
ܿ죬˳˵ͳȻƬɳ籩ƵУû취̽⵽̫Զ֮ĳû˰ȫС
мöҩʶ֪ǿȣ֮˭ʶ֪ǿЩҩ˰ɣ֮һ춼Ч
˹׳һЩҩ
ԣһݺһۣ˵ͷ
ܿ죬αСгˣҲûж˵ϻ̧־ʩչ֮⣬ط۷ֶΣ
ž֮ⲻ˸ӳ˳ʮһ˵ϣЩ߶δ׵ǿ߶ʱһ
ʲôͣ
Ȼǵʶ֪ǿһʮ
벻СӻֶΣǰǴæˣ
׷һЦֵһＴ˵ʱ򣬴ڸҲûô˵ע⡣
˾ͽ˾ͽˣɫֵɨһȴδ̫ͣãǶǶʩչ˾֮󣬱صСȥˡ
Ͼ̫Σˣһϵ̫֮籩ͻȻιֵɾˣ
˶ӡĹʲôģȻȲԼҪ
֮Чӳ֮˵ʶ֪ȫһΣܹ֪ķΧﵽ֮ǰ屶֮ࡣ
ʶ֪ǿȻʮֽϵ̫֮籩ĴŰ£ʶ֪̽ⷶΧҲܵӰ죬ΪЩ籩ܹεǵʶ֪
屶Ǳ֮ǰҪõöˣܹԶһЩҵһЩͨżͨ·
߰ɡ
ܿ˾ߣ߶δףһǴѧԺģʶ֪̽ⷽ汾ӵ츳ڼӳ˾֮ʶ֪֮ǿһ˶Ҫǿ
˶ʶ֪൱εģûʲôͬ˱ָķǰ
벻ôͰһæ
ĶЦŴϾС磬ҪĽ׾١
Ҹоܰϵæֹôء
ǺܲҪĺٺһЦ˿ûǫ֮⡣
Ǿڴıˣ
ЦһȻǰĲԶһ籩ۣ֮ǸӦǱȽϰȫģһ¡
⻰Ƕ˵ģǶԶ˵ġ
籩ۣ֮׳Ƶķ籩ģԶżУ˶Ľϵ̫֮ӿȻһ۵ĵطǾǷ籩֮ۡ
籩֮ȻǷ籩֮ȴΣյĵطȫĵطΪ籩֮۸һƬ޵ģϵ̫֮籩Ǹᱻ籩֮չȥ
ƾΪھ籩֮۵һ֮⣬ܹɾ͵͵סԷ籩֮۵ġ
˶ľûκ顣
ϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩дУʮһ˽һûκһ˸ֵطӣΪǻζ
Ȼʶ֪ǿҾ˾֮ļӳ֣Զֻ̽⵽һ֮Ķ
Ƿ籩ۣ֮һ֮ĸ
ҵ˷籩֮İȫλãʱͲҪʡˣȫŷͨ似ŷ籩֮ڷѸǰ
ڼ䣬кüνϵ̫֮Աߣʮһ˳֣ȫŷ״̬ûκһˣ΢һЩˣЩĵ˷籩֮۸ܹѸٲָǵҲû̫š
ܿ죬һ촥صĻɳ籩ͳǰ
Ƭпֲ籩ģֳһģռǰһƬռ䣬벿ֱȽϸСͷǼΪûоͷƬеպ͵棡
̧׻ǵͷоֻʣޱ߼ʵĻɳ籩ڣǷ籩֮۸һжƽģûз籩ȥκζûУҲֻз籩֮۱ǱȽ΢ˣǶ˵⡣
ȹȥһ£̽⵽֮һɳãջʱˣһжСļƻС
һ߿籩֮۸İȫشһ˵Լµķ֡


1290 ʶ
籩֮۸
ĩհľУʮһ˵õƬ̵ĴϢᣬϢָ
ɳþһӲȥıȽϴ󣬻ӦҼˣȹȥ̽һ
˾ͽӳ˵
⻰˵Щ̫صˣϾ˭֪Զżĵطȳȥ̽·Σж
ʵû˾ͽȻǲԼȥ̽·ģ˵⻰Щﲻ
ʱҲûʲô˻ƽ̫ࡣ
Ҳ˵ͷӰȫĽǶϿǣȷӦ˹ȥ̽·ô˭ȥؼ⡣
ѡĻû˻Ըǰ̽·ΪΣʵ̫ˣһʲô鷳ȵĻᶼûС
һʳһʱû˽Ļ
ֱһ벻ҶԸȥĻǾȥɣԼһȥͺãֻǽϵ̫֮籩Ļһ첻ʲô鷳
仰˶УαСгˡ
⻰˵ӵУܹɴ̫еУ˵Щϵ̫֮ķ籩ˣһܹͨ裡
ݺ˽ڵͣп̫¯֮ǿ̫ƷԳԽκսġ
ȴֶΣ
ԣѪЩȻҪȥ̽оʵЩ˼
ģ
Ѫصĳ˹
ȻĺˣڶͷʱҲ
һЦ˵
⻰ˣŸ̤ؾСӣסͷ漣ڡ
㣬㲻ɹҲûʲôʧ
Ůӣ˾ͽ˵ȥ̽ûʲôøУľСЩԴпܺǡ
£Сȳȥ̽ʱҲˣ˵δûкô
˾ͽ˾ͽ֮ǰ۹ˣСܹסͷȫΪʺ˵ԵʣҪ˵ʲôǿ϶ǲŵġ
Ҫܸǿ޵ˣ
飬߶δ׵ǻʵȴֻ
ԲŻǶЩӡ
СֵҪȥ̽Ҳˣֵþ壬ô£
˾ͽĻһЩˬˣǲˬǸͬİ׷꣬Сף
׷ڸвǿʶľͻὫԣʱ˵仰ʱóлҩζʮŨ
СȻ˾ͽͬĵбԼȥ̽ԼԸ飬ȥˣĴмԳνǿߣЦ
ϻ˵ѵ˵Ĳ𣿡
˾ͽ죬ȻԼô£С˵ǲУ
˵䡣
ǾȻˣЩͷۣվҲοҸݺҿɲ볳ܵĵ뿪ٳλǰлΪ˵ûʲô£ЩС˾Ͳȥˡ
⻰Ȼûر˾ͽСˡȴٴνʹɨһۣɭȻ˵Сһ㣬żУƾ仰ұˣ
㵹ǿԾԡ
һС׹һЦ浱Ǻ۸ģҪ֣ھ͸㷭
ˣö˵ˣϢɡ
ǰ׷ЦһЦЩøУȻɨһ˾ͽ˾ͽνǿߣֱӾתȥˡ
һĨ˾ͽ˾ͽӴΪˬСʲôʸδ׵ǿߣ
һһǬŤתͨޣʱҲЩȥˣǺЦŵ˾ͽѵ䵽ֻܸСƽϵĵزˣ
ٹ¡
˾ͽһۣȻ㲻˵

˵һȫֻǸСͻӰ첻
ڵȫ˼̽ɳõ·ϣ;ǴĽϵ̫֮籩δ֪ΣգòȫԸСĽ
еĴڣԼлĵģҪȻҲðΣҪ̽·ˡ
ܿ죬Сֱӳ̽⵽ɳõķǰԼǽ뵽СڲռС
лһǳɫ⣬Żɳ÷Ѹٷȥܿʧ˵ҰС
ݺѪ仹ȫЩ֮ɫ׷СףЦǺǵ˵ȻԼվǾͿ϶Լİգλ̫ˣϢͺˡ
ݺ˵ͷ˵ҲǣҪû취ƽͨ·Ļ˾͸˵ˣرЩСˡ
ݺ⻰ҲǿǱˣոԷ˺ҲٶԶԷʲôأܳ㳰һ
⻰˾ͽһ֮ɫ֣δ뵽쾹ȻᱻСĳˣ
˵ʲôԸݺȻһһѪ䣬뻹ˣֻ뵽ѪϣøСѾͷƬӼƽϡ
֮˵ûô
һˣܿУһ뵽һƬϵ̫֮籩УСڵĸܣȵʱԵ֮⻹Ҫɺܶء
ûʲô̫ѹлǰܿ㴩ʮľ룬Ȼһ⡣
ϵ̫֮ķ籩첻вʱ򣬳Сǰģȴһռϣ
ռϣΧޱȵĹϽŻɳ񷣬´ŻɳأبǰƺżָͬĲ֡
ռϣҲǷǳֵģȴεʶĴڴ
ڿռϸǰûнϵ̫֮籩ռݣгռϽһԡ
ƽǲᱻռסģһЩûõĶ϶棬ɡ
лȴ޷ռϣΪڡʶԵʣСʶʶⲻġ
ռϣĿıסЩСʶĴͨ
ѾǰʮɳӦþǰ治ԶˣҲ֪ǰ滹ûĿռϡ
š
ȻҪͨռϣѡþ֮ȥռ߽ϾϵȲˮϵ̫֮ô߼϶ܹ߽ġ
֮ǰǳһٵðռϵԸŪײС
֣ͨҽڲ޷ͨˣᱻ
ССҲ޷ͨԣСУҲ޷ͨ
ûбİ취ˣΨнϻУ᲻ʲôΣգ
˳˼


1291 һ
˼ǰҲûʲôİ취
ţʹ߶֮ͨ׼ռɵʶϸ߽˵ʲô¡
ȣԼӳһ֮⣬ԸܵԲﷶΧڵȻⷶΧ̽ⷶΧ̫Զڶ˵Ҳõġ
ڽϵ̫֮籩ĴںͲŰ˵ʶ֪Χһµĵزܹ֪ԲѾ㲻ˡ
Ȼ󣬾֮Яſռ侫˲ǲռʶϣʼ߽⣡
ʱʱעΧһκ쳣ͻȡʩҪô뵽ڲֱܣҪôУܹҲֻˣΣֻܶѡһ
ڣǲռʶϱ߽ʱ򣬲ûʲô쳣֣ǲռʶϵҲǺο
ھ֮ͨĲʴ֮£߽ٶȱˮϵ̫֮ҪöˣǿȱȽϸߣԻѵʱҲ̡
ķǳţȻռϣϽܹʶνϵ̫֮ķ籩Ϯ
Ҫʩչ֮ȥ߽ռϣܶУֻԼ棬¶żΣյյУ
лɳǰ̺Žϵ̫֮Сģ㴵ûʲôƻȴҲʱطǾ԰ȫġ
㣬㣬߽ϡ
нͷȴδң֪ԽǽŵʱԽӦСĽһһСĸˣĴˡ
ڣƺһʱȥûʲô״
ʱǽǲռϸ߽һȱڣܹͬУ
С飬ߣ
ûκԥ֮ǿռϳ׻ֻһСȱڵʱֱ½뵽УȻдǸȱڡ
һ˳
һϲȻϸעΧʱûκΣգ˳ͨд˿ռʶϣ̽⵽νɳÿȥ
ʮľ룬˵ת˲
ûжʱ䣬ѾԶеһɳãŸСƮڻɳ鲼յУ
ɳΧȻзػǽϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩Ҳ޷͸ǲϡ
ҲȥˣϾѾӽĽԣԲСľͻ⣬ֻԶԶĹ۲һ
Ȼ󽫹۲쵽һöӡУת뿪ˡ

˵ǻɳõڴӵĵ񣿡
ص籩֮۸ȻͰӡصĻչָˣȻ˿⻭еĳüͷ
ܹƽȻЩȣرǱλȴҲû˵ʲô
Ͼ˵ΪŶ˵ģҪ˾ͽٸ˵ʲô»𹫷ߡ
עȫеӡˡ
УֵıɳãڴɳȫǴ˴δģ
һ֧ϸһǸϣ͸ĻɳЩʮ־޴ʮڵ£ͱ嶼ѱ˷ˡ
һ塣
׷СһԵ˵壬ǧǰֵĽ߱ȫˣûκμܹѯһԺη벻żȻڶһġ
һ壿
һģЩľ
˵һĸθĻÿһͷһ壬嶼൱ϰٸĴС
ȻҪǵİ͸ɳʵ̫̫ˣܹʮص
ڶһı壬ǸģϸСŶԺԲˡ˵ģ̬еǰġѡ棬ֻǳ뱾ĴС֮Ҫŵöࡣ
Ҫ˵һȫɳ򹹳ɣ޲ɣֻǻɳЩ͸ĻɳϣܹһЩ磬ɼЩ򲢲װõģֽһ㣡
㵹֪ͦġ
ЩĿһ۰׷꣬Ϊ
ƽʱļرȽ϶࣬Զ࣬ѰҪ֪ĶһЩҪԸֶһ壬˵Ҫеͱ顣
С׵˵ͷЦһͬļ׵һͱǱرŵأͱǶһԴȪЩǵսֶΣǿᣬǵˮ©
ԶżУҲ϶лŵĶһˣ˵ôʲôȥǻɳЩʲô
˾ͽɨһ˵΢ͣһ£ȴδ˵ʲô
˵лŵĶһ壬˽һǵսʽû
С׵οûжһţҲܻһЩ֮ĶЩǸݶһɵģȷ˽һ壿
֪֪ˣս˶ҵ
С˵ĻȻǱҪģȻ˾ͽӣҲС˵ÿһ仰
Ϊڹؼʱ̣˵˵ĳһ仰ܾһ
Ȼڶһ壬Ͼǧǰ֣ĽΧֹֻôһΣԹļأͲࡣ
ȻС׽ȫˣõϢҲࡣ
ڣС֪ϢУԶһĻɳýڲṹһЩõ˵ģǶԻɳе΢˵˽⡣
ȻҪ֪ǵԽвУȻ͸ûʲôϵˣΪҪ̽ɳڲĻ϶Բ룬ȥҲǻСС
ܿС׾ͰҪ˵Ļ˵ˣ˱׼
Ϊ˷ֹ˵øΣգһжһʩչֶΣ޶ȵĽʡ
˵
絽սڲռ˭ҲҪ˷ȥֵϵ̫֮ķ籩ˡ
ЦŶ˵ȻʾһУҾƾսܹ̫籩аȫҲҪκ
⻰òһ
սڲռ䣬С磬ڲռУҲõֶܹ֮ͨΪ
û⣬ҾȽȥˡ
ѪһЦֱӽ뵽еڲռȥ
ݺ˵ͷҲԼ̤С
Ҳ⡣
СҲЦŵ˵ͷŽ뵽ڲռȥûлʲô
ʣЩޣЩԥˣʵһٶľ룬ӲȥٲãҲֻҪʮ֮һ㹻֧ˡ
бҪս


1292 
ջûѡУǴƾͨӲȥ
ȻȥǿǣôѡûκʧĶԼѡ
ѡ֮Ҳ뵽УȻ˳Żɳڷǰ
ʣһ⣬һУڴӷ籩֮۸뿪
ɳ籩ƬյŰӿϮţٶǰУʮҵľת˲ܿ͵ǲռʶϸ
һ㣬Ѿ˵ˣ˶׼ʩչֶͨΣ߾ǽ뵽ԼСУֱӴ֮ǰ߽ǸССȱͨ
ϾǴ׾ǿߣȻССȱڲôĶͨ˿ǶиԵֶΣԼСģ߽뵽С֮ĵط
ܿ죬߹ѾɳòԶȫͬӡ¼ĳ
˼ǰܿƽͨһϣ΢˿ֻܹϵ̫֮ɵķ籩ˣ赲ǰ
ȻǶһ壬ȻˣǻɳõڲṹӦˣƶһսƻɡ
гȻͳ˧ȫ֣Ѫһһܿжƻľ
ȣɳڲ̽Ҫ˶ȥӣ˸㹻ˡ
ˣȻҪڻɳõ棬ֹʲô⣬ϾСףҲֻǴӹϼδһ塣
κ⣬пܷġ
ˣͽõ˲ʧȥϵʱӣͽҺˡ
֮ǰʩչǬŤתͨޣʱ˿վ˳˵˵ͷ˵
ע⵽һͷޣδ׾ͷӣ֮׺˲Ȧ
˵ĳƺдΪϡ
ȻӵһЩķӣսǿͨȴǷǳġ
֮ǰǬŤתһδͨЧǳɫ
ڣҲԼİ취ýúڵ˱ϵҪ֪ɳڲ϶һЩֶεģ֮ƾʶ֪ܸ˽
£ϵþԶ׼ˡ
ͨӣ
ֱӴ߶һͨͨԽԼκһӣεӡ
໥֮ӵˣ֪ԷܣҲᱩ¶Լܣ˵ͨѰʱûãΪû˻Ը⽫ȫ¶˵ġ
ݺ֮Ĺϵӵûʲô⣬˫֮伸ûʲôˣ֪ԷȫҲ¡
ϵĻƺ̫ʣϾڳû˭Ϲϵܡ
Ҳòȥġ
ɡ
ܿԸ£һޣվ˵Ҹ׸֮Ҳʲô⡣
ԡ
˸ԵͷԶ˿Ļúڵ˽ͨͲˡ
ʲô⣬ԵһʱӦʴߡ
ͺݺʹɡ
Ѫͷ˵˵ͷ˵
ͺݺȻԴûʲôΪ̫ͣɳȥðʵڲһ⡣
ܿ˾ͷˡ
ϸǿߣͺݺܹ˴档
ʮһ֮еǿߣһǰɳڣȥ̽еİزҳѰһЩ
СסѪ䡢бһһŮҲһɳ֮С
˷ֳжȷʲô©
ȻС˱ȴͷֱӴӻɳõڴ̤ȥһʱ΢һ½Ųϸ۲һ
ȷûʲô֮˲롣
ͺݺͷʧڻɳõУ̲סЩŵģһԵϺǺЦõģǶǾӢеľӢҪɳж£ԶżȫܹˡʵϣǴδ˵ż
ôδף̽żûˡ
ԱһҲǰĵЦ
һޣһǺ塣
һӣ༫Ϊģ˫ͬŮһԼģδףͨƷֶͨΡ
һǸ׳󺺣ɫʯףû˵ʲôúƺͱһһŮеݹϵڱ塣
ʵϣͱ໥֮ϵ㲻̫ãܾǰ˫ͬ壬ȫˣ֮仹ìܷ
ڣͷĿ׳һֱĬԣƺ˷ʲô˵ӡ
ϴ鶼ȥôˣôһʲô
Ǻ꿴һǱĿ׳ЦջȻ٣ǰ˺£÷ˣ
ͺݺȻ֪˵ʲôֻһƺⱩ׳ʲôҵ飿
ǱΪϴ󡱵ı׳̧ͷһǺ꣬ȻһŮУҿܷܲŵ¡
Ů˶ѣαعһûһһˣ
ЦţƺϴĿܲһ
ϴûʲôó黹Ƿǳãö˵ʲô
Щͺݺ֪һЩ飬ȻЩûйϵֻǣǺ˵ĻǺݺԽܵġ
ԼŮӣܲϣ
ҪǺݺʲô⣬ҲǻϴѻܳһʱɣĿǼޱȣúݺܵʲô˺ġ
ϣϴ󣬺飬ǿߡ
֣ôôŮģʵһȴĵȷȷǸеġ
ǽȥˣʱûʲôҲ̫ڷɣʱŲźá
ͨӣ֮ĶӵĽԺԷɳ֮ڵΡ
ϻܽɳľӡķʽչǰǷ·侳
˹עչֳĻɳڲϣͬʱʱ̾ΧϾɲʲôȫĵطȻǽ뵽˻ɳõķڣҲ벻Σա
Сǰ棬ɳ֮һЩ۵ĻɳͨͨԴһһһľ͵ɳгԿԿѾû˵ˡ
ͻȻǰʱǴʲôƣһʱܵһֲԾգ
Сģ
б䣬̾


1293 
һʱȫСĹΧ
ڻɳڣȸǶӳһξƿأԳܳһʱ䣬ǵʶ֪ǿ˲١
û뵽ǣڻɳڵ˴ĳ֮ȳֱ仯ľȻڻɳ棡
˶ϸ۲ΧʱţͻȻ־ǲϸһƬɫâȻ֣
ˮϵ̫֮
˶ʱȻˮϵ̫֮ڻɳΧһռϣҪЩ롣
ֲãǲϲûˣֱͨˣڿȫǸ壡
ȻҲͨϵӣ˽ɳе֪Ȼ˼ӿٶȡ
˽ƣ˵ͻΣսΣգǾֵܹסҲһֱֵȥ
ԣȡ߻ɳеĺö뿪ǵǰȷ
ûкˣǳŻɳøȥС˵Ĺڶһ彨ʣƽŽ֮еĳЩǰٶȻ൱ġ
ʱ˿̣ɳ֮ȴúܲ
Ϊǲˮϵ̫֮ɵĿռ֮ڣȻнϵ̫֮ʼںüط۳һɳ
ЩɳȫǶһ״ͱϣʮ԰͸һ̾Ȼǻһ㣬׷׳ϺڵĵطΧ
Сģˡ
һֱĬϴʱڸֳһĨ֮ɫĴʱ˿ͷɳʯȫδסĶδײεս
ͷɳʯ񣬹⿿ϴһ˾㹻Ըˡ
ȴȻȻСɽȻȴҲڵһѸ٣˺Ȼײһͷɳʯϣ
ֲĿս֮ϴ˸֮ײȥۻ֮ͷɳʯʮ԰͸˺˷飡
ţϴһȭʯ£ͱֱҳأɽɳʯ㶨ˡ
ͷʱϴΧȻϴ˶Ѿǿս֮͸һֱǰƣĶδʵĻɳʯ񣬸ܶʲô˺
ֻҪӶȭͷԿսУɱܽȫ顣
˵ǵǣΧ˸۳ĻɳʯԽԽ࣬Զ龹ȻʮͷѾһ˹
ӸͬķܹʮͷɳʯȻȫĶδµʵһ϶Ҳǳ鷳
ؼǣû֪ܹжٻɳʯ۳
ʮãܹķΧ֮ڣҪճϰʯô죿ϰҲˣҪǧأ
ƾ˸ͲܸɵǧĻɳʯ
ҪĻûʲôսݺֲεսҲ𵽾á
Ȼݺսܹɳʯģϴɱٶȿɾ˰ٱֹ
ĺ꣬ʱȻҲˣһƮȻϴֶξҪÿöˡ
ֻһӣһƬҺɫӿȥһƬҺɫǸʮͷɳʯȫڡ
ţЩҺɫ׷׳Щɳʯȥ֮Һɫ˲䱬
ʮͷɳʯֱӱһۼûܹ
Щɳʯ񣬶ͨ۶ɣԽԽˣҪֹǣҵڲУȻȥǿ϶군
ɫһһܣɳʯ񲻽ûм٣ԽԽ࣬ʱص˵
ϣˣ̽ʲôطɣ
һ˵ĻûκԥֱӴ߶ƿط֮ӳϵϡ
ڳ˵Уݺʶ֪ǿģ˾ƿأͬȲϵˮƽ
Ͼδ׵ʵͬǿʶֶ֪Σ
ߣǺܶศֶεأκʱܹó
ʩչʶ֪ǿֶΣ˾֮ʶ֪ǿȶʱﵽŵĵزѾﵽˮ׼
ʱ˿̣ϵʶ֪ɳøΧڵĿռȫ֣Ȼϸ֪̽
ʶ֪ǿǱȲϾƿص̽Чôá
Ҫҵʯڣ˵ûô򵥡
һ£ܿҵˣȻһȥƻ
ϳ˵ʶ֪̽ΧΧ
ϴǷֱ򣬵ֵŲϮĻɳʯЩʯȫɽϵ̫֮۶ɣʵϧϴ徫ӢǾȫûôˡ
ڣԷʵԽԽˡ
㣬ҶҪΧˡ
ϴͳɤĿ⳯Ǳ߿ȥֹȻʮɳʯѾϴ˰Χܲ͸硣
ϴڵܹȫͻΧӰΧȦд˳һЩʯ񣬵ҪٹһӣοɾͲһˡ
оֻɳˡ
ҧأֶȺ幥ǿûϴҲ൱ȥĻºܿͻľ
ʵЩɳʯȫ飬ͺηһ־ȫȻĶδ׵ĲΣͷųȴǽϵ̫֮ƻǷǳֲġ
ɳÿɲǸ⣬ǵҲǺܺء
ȴ˵ţȻ˼һҵۣȽƻȻӦڵˣǿҪõˡ
ôȰҳ˵ɣ
ϴû˵սٴαһս磬ȻΧʮɳʯ񶼸ڣֲȻЩʯ񳹵׺飡
ãҵˣҵˣ
ͻȻ鼤ĺȻֱӻһͷ޵ı壬̤ŰƳŻɳøһٷȥ
ϴһۣ׼ǰķͻΧ
ͺݺȻǽ󣬳̽⵽ĵطȥܿýˣҲܵǰЩ۵ĵطؾˡ
ۣ۸޷֣ʶ֪ҲҪƿزܹһۼܹۻ治ס
ΧпռϱȰѿռϻ顣
ϳ˵ַ̧ųһɫâĺȻֱӺҪǶֵĻɳʯ
ռϣҿԸ㶨ݺǰڻң
ȻҲܵһռϣʱһҧ˳лһɫȥ֮ͨԥʩչ˳


1294 Ҫͷ
ϺͺݺȥԷĳԷɹȥʩչֶΣζҪɱЩɳʯɵ
۳ɳʯķۣһȻҲǱʮܡ
ڳڴʱͻȻʮǳɫâڸ˸һ۳ʮͷɳʯ
ôɳʯһֱ֣ӳ˹ȥݺһ
ǣǣ
ƺһȫɢһֹĵȻһĹһȺɳʯȻȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͺݺ㷢֣ĹеĻɳʯ񣬾Ȼȫֹͣ˶
ǹеʱͻȻ侲ֹһ
ҪͣЩжҼֲ˶ã
ϳֻʱЩʯͣͬʱôͷɳʯ񣬿ֻܼʱ䣡
ʱ䣬ڵ˵ǼΪȵġ
ʼûзŻŲǿΧɳʯͻȻһȺҲûͣζ
ϿסЩʯ֮ڵ˱۵ǲռϸǰ
߽֮⣡
ûκԥֱӳǲռʩչͨһӰϿռĵĺڰ·ǿռѸȥ
֮ͨöռ侫֮ӵеĶԿռ߽Чûʧ
ʱ˿̣Զżеǿռϣľ֮ͨ¿ʼ߽⣡
һĻĺݺ˿ͨͻȻʧЧˡ
Ϻһڼսϴ飬֮ǰ֣ν֮ǰĿռʶϸƿһȱڵģǼһĻˣɰЩ档
СӵֶΣȷ棬濴ֻǸλס
˶ЩĿ࿴
ƾԶԶǲռϵĸ֪ǳҪǲƻҲڵ٣һ۾ͿˣⷽȷųѰ˵
ףﵽδˮ׼ĻǾܹԽһأٹƻռⷽ棬ܹԶԶԽǡ
ȷһ˲õֶΣΪˣǿռ侫ļǿЧ죬ǸˣͲЧˡ
Ҫ֪֮һͨȻҲһӰ֮顢ȶᴦƵġ
۵֮ͨ㲻ռ侫ǿӦҲЩ߽ռĵЧֻ̤ǵ۾ûôʹͨûвˡ
ռ侫Ծ֮Ӧֻǿת䣬ԣܹӵֶΣʵ֮ͨ벻ϵ
һ

ʱת۶
ͷųѾֲסʮɳʯƣȻЩʯ볯ڴϮ
Сģ
ݺû㶨ǿռϣ̾һæִ̧߶ѪɫģѪѪɫ˫Ѿʶſ
ѪɫѸӣֱӽռ䶼Ǻݺһ̫ż似ܹѪɫķռ䣬ռ޶ȵӶͨ
Чһռϣ似ԭȴռϲ֮ͬ£ҪӼ򵥴ֱһЩ
Ѫɫӿռ䶼Ⱥɳʯǰ·ЩʯȴҲûȥԸݺǷ׷״߶һƬѪɫĺȻȥ
ʮɳʯֺ£ƬѪɫһʱ䶼ûܼơ
Ϣǣպʱڸ㶨ǲռϣ䳹߽⣬Ȼ۾ֱӱ¶ǰ
ʱҲڸ˹ûκûκԥһ貹ЩɳʯδӦ֮ǰѾ͸ۣ
ռϱ߽֮ʣǷ۱ûʲôˣɱ㱻һ貹׻顣
Ҳ۱䱬ʱ򣬳еĻɳʯͻȻʧȥ֧ŵ˲߽⣬ɳɢ˽ϵ̫֮
ܿ죬ɳ֮ԭĻɳʯȫΪ۱䱬ʧϴ˻ЩȻ漴Ӧ¶Щϲɫ
ɵò
ͬʱ˵ͷ˫֮жЩ档
ǱΪûôƽǲռϣĻʮɳʯ񿿽ԣôֻ·һ
ϴҲû뵽ܹôѸٵĽǿռƿ
ϵıֿ˵ϾҲǸδ׵ǿأλףζԸɳʯսУȴҲӳ൱ؼãò˶Ŀ࿴ˡ
ִСӹеģסͷСӣ
Ǻ飬ɨһ΢Щë
ȱɣͷ鷳ˣǸϽΪó׼
ʱ򣬻ûɿϱɫصĳ»ָģͨ۲쵽һչʾǰ
ݺϴ飬ˢˢŰǻȥȻǻУڻɳеĻɳͨѸٱУ󣬾Ȼкܶ߶δ׾Ļɳʯ׷š
Щɳʯ񣬲ӵ߶δ׵Ϊӵ뻮һսʶһ׵սʯ
ԸͷĻɳʯ
˵׷ʮĻɳʯǸУ
һĻϴ˲ͱɫôɳʯ񣬶ҿ϶ǻɳڲķ۳ġ
Ǹûа취ͷƻҲ˵߶δ׵Ļɳʯ񽫻ԽԽ࣡
һķͷҲУͷҲУ˶һɳãǱ׷ųʱ򣬷ͷǧͷĶδ׾ʯΧš
ǳҿѾͷķݻٵˣͷһƬˬûκΣա
ǱӦǣһǲˮϵ̫֮ϸˣǳɾˡ
ϷһܣһۣиϢոǼսʱڻɳ֮Ѿõ˲ٺöҪľǺüö쾧ƷϵĴ֮ܻųȥѾǷˣ
쾧ƷĴ֮
⼸֣óȫǰһͺݺϴҲһҪ֪쾧ƷĴ֮һöͼֵսŹѫ
ңһþǺüö
ǶöϿҲûϾʱּܽıһöˣ


1295 Ȼױ
ϵϢ˶˼Ѫһ˷ܡ
ϴߺһϽģĥˣˮϵ̫֮ϸˣϣֵܼľһЩˮϵ̫֮ϣҲٵʱܸ㶨
һ֣
ĵʱҲЩӲͦΪϿ˵쾧Ʒ֮ҲʵڴĲС
ͺݺһۣԳǲɳ֮ˮϵ̫֮Ϸȥ
ˮϵ̫֮ϣǲ籩Ŀռȫصһ𡭡Ҳ˵ҪǽͻȻֵˮϵ̫֮ƻǲռһᱻƻ
ݺɨһǰĶԶһһҲ˵ӳҲҪñϵ̫֮籩׼
һܽ⴦ֵĻɳֱƻýϵ̫֮籩֮֡
˵ͷͬиܵ˶һĽֶ̺ŵĻֶλ൱µġ
ֻϧһڵǰȫûκε壬ΪǶˮϵ̫֮ϣǽϵ̫֮籩ûκҪɵĵط
˵ǳɵģһ׼ЩֶΣֱܹԲҽġ
˵Ϊк;߽֮ռĵԵʣ̫֮ʱ˸һЩ
뵽˸࣬ɴڵ̽ѾԶԶλϵǰ档
ĳЩǿδףڼµȲڵ
˵Ƿǳֵ󣬱Ͼڵֻλף̫¯Ŀֲ֮
Ҫ֪嵱У¶ûʲôܹӵ̫¯սΪⲢܹõĶ
Ҫ񾳽ǿߴʱҪкܶǿĴڣʱ໥սԱȵȣµܹ۳̫¯
Уǰܹжںϳ̫¯
ѡԱսŵĳԱʩչȫ廹Ǳ壬˫ʧǼΪأ
ֶٴΣ
һǧ徳Ǵûзġ
˵ҲǸպΪļƻԲøҪ˵֮ǰǴαּƻеӮ֮һ
ڻӮңȻսˣܹͷ壬սǸѵõġ
֮ܶɺϹͬڵУҲͳ
ܿ죬˾ͷ׷ǲˮϵ̫֮ϸǰҲѾϣ֮ǰĿռصһƻһ㲻ܣֻһƻ
û취ˣֱϰɣҪȻǴӻɳӳô߶δײεĻɳʯ׷ɱǼһ𶼾Եֵסġ
ûκԥ̧۳˺üǳɫȻռϣʱǲ΢һۼ
ϴ黹кݺȫû֣ǿֶΣֱӺռϣ
ų֣ȻǾ֮ͨʱһ˿ܹȵĸһЧ
һ·ͻռϣȻֱӾͰǲ߽ˣȻͷǲˮϵ̫֮ϣ
ЧֱϴĿɿڴ
ȻͶֶ׼۽ټֶΣ̲סʵе𾪡
ѵֶΣˮϵ̫֮Ч
Щˣǲˮϵ̫֮ϣҪȷһ֮Կռĵ߽Чǿʲôز
Ȼľ֮ûʧ֮죬ˮϵ̫֮ϣɿǲڱ߽⡣
ȻΪˮϵ̫߽֮ٶȲ֮ǰô죬ٶȻ顢ϴ˸е˼ڣ
ٶȥֻҪһʱܹƿˣ̫ˣСӣһ˶ĸ
ϴЦΪȡʱҲû˷ʱ䣬ȫۿսģһս֮ȭˮϵ̫֮ǲϲȥҲܹӿһ䱻߽ٶȡ
ϴ顢ϻкݺʱ˿̾ȻȫģҪǴȥսУ˻᲻š
ϴ˵Ķ֪пǣʵ̫ˡ
ȫռϣһ㻹ˮϵ̫֮ϣѶȻ൱ߵġ
ӵĽ뵽ɳڵİˣȻҲ֪ϾҲ˸ڽӵģܹ֪Է״
ðжУϵͨӻǼΪãرǷͷжʱֶܹ֤˫ϵʱضڣΪĳЩԭжϵ
ǿˣӦûֱ߳ȥСֵܣʱǶǼս֮ȥ
϶˵
û⡣
˵ͷʾ޷ȷƿռ֮ҪСͷŰŵĽϵ̫֮籩ˡ
뵽еڲռ䣬Ȼȫ׵ֻЩ˲Ըˣ˾ͽӺ˾ͽһһŮ
Ϸѿʼֻһʱ䣬ֽռȫҲʱһаӻɳڴ˳
󣬾Ȼʮ߶δײεĻɳʯһԶӻɳг˳
ߣˣ
ԵСһȣһ̧֣һõȫڣȻ˲ӿһٶȡ
ֻ˲䣬ǰ˱һڵĿռȱڴ
ɵƯ
С׳ɨһۣЦţȻֱӸһ𣬺ֱײĴóڲռС
һΣһﶼûκԥֱӾͽ˳С
һǶԼ϶ΪǺȥᷢʲôΣյ飬Բ˲һн뵽еڲС
ϴ顢ϻкݺȫûԥһ˾ͽڲռ֮Ҳһ̤еڲռ䡣
գԼҲصеڲռУȻͨССٶֳ
֪Ƿʲô飬ǰȫ˼ӣȻҲκε
лһɫ⣬˲ɵ˻ɳøԵռϵȱ֮⣬ȻѸʧƬ
һֻ̣źȻһ죬󷽵ɳУȻһޱҵĺ䱬
䱬Уһ⻪бȻɳöȻ飬̫֮Ⱥ߶δײεĻɳʯ񳹵ͷ


1296 ͷ
ɳ֮Ȼɳö˻ҷɣЩ׷߶δ׻ɳʯ񣬴ʱ˿Ҳ׷ױС
ɳøȫһ׹纣磬ҿ˸ոƬҪȻĻҲᱻС
¶ֵĺȻױ
ڣ쵽̫ƷѾԶ䱬ȫһΪǰȫˡ
ǽϵ̫֮ķ籩ʱϮҲ֣ƾ̫ƷȻаǰУܵκӰ졣
ױô£
ȳʵһЩɻ
ҡ
һδվ˳һͷӣŰӣһЩ·͸Ҷ΢̫ӡ࣬һһӵ̫Ʒĳǿߡ
壬Ӧһͷ棬ʵǿļλ޳֮һˡ
˶ĳƺƺǽס֡
Ȼ㡣
һ˿ֲܹҵ䱬Ҳ⣬Ϊǰͼ׵
ţ;ɳõʱ˳һЩӡǣ뿪ֻ֮ҪһôɳеӡǣἯ
ͷԭأһ˵ţһ߿һСӣҹĿ࿴
ǰˣ˷ûͺá
δܳʵ˹Ŀ࿴ʱʵ̫ˡ
ˣεջɣܹö쾧֮öƷöƷһֵܼսŹѫĻҲǧ򣬾ʮƽ֣ÿҲѾٶˡ
ЦеĶ˵ţӻȡöһģһĻɳ壬ֻöľɫһЩȻö쾧ƷĴ֮ˡ
ֳ֮ɻʯ񼶡쾧ÿһֳַƷҲ˵ϴʵĴ֮Ҳ쾧һƷˡ
ţֱӵõö쾧ƷĴ֮ջǾˣżйȻȫǱ
ô룬Ҳ˼ʱ˿̣Ŀⶼö֮ɳж¶Щȵɫ
ΪֹûԱȴѾõôһ֮˾ʹȥջҲѾǳˡ
ʱŮ˾ͽȴǵ˵ʮƽ֮˵ҿɲϣͺݺӵиƽֵʸ˵ҲеôһͲˡ
⻰һΧ˵ɫЩ仯
˵ʵͺݺ˵Ŀڳ֮˸Ĺ۵ҲǺܶ࣬Ҳϡϴѣ˶ͨ΢֪дǺ̡
ҪǣϡϴǲͺݺܹᲢۡ
ǺǿҶԿռźǿ߽ոܹʱӳһ붼Ĺͣƾһ㣬ƽҲ㹻ˡ
Ǻݺûӳ̫˵ϻ㲻Ҳȡһʱ䣬վòǺܴ󡭡
˶ô룬˵ˡ
ջô䣬ȵܻųȥ˵ɣûʲô塣
ɨһ˾ͽ˵
ܷȫȫ뿪ǱŲȷ̬ȣƺЩ۵ͷ˵ȻҲԼ뷨Ʋ⡣
ô˵ƽ֣Ǽͬ⡣
˾ͽǺһ˵ȻԵ˾ͽӣͷǰȫͺݺͦ
ǰľˡ
ʱҲ̬սƷ䲢Ƿǳ⣬ǸݺֵһݣҲʲôԼͣι¶ǻĶѡ
ȻҲÿᷢʲô飬ɲȥŵĿӦõõģζ
ѪҲ϶վһߡ
ˣɾͲұ֤ˣϿͺƵģ¹ʱ򣬻ǲ̫òġ
Щȷ뿪֮˵˷һͷôʹż뿪
ĽͣڷսƷìܲûԵ͵ĵز˺ܿͽ˼˽ȥ̽ϡ
ܿ죬˻ص˷籩֮ڵλø˴гȫ˿
ŵ˵൱յģ߶δײεĻɳʯսǿҲԶ
ؼǣЩ߶δ׵Ļɳʯ񣬶սһģ໥֮Ĭ̶ȷǳߣˮ©ǳѲȻҲҸȥ̫á
ȥɳõĻǿɾоˡ
˶ЩοɹһΣ֮͸аգõջпܸ࣡
ոΪ߶δ׵Ļɳʯ׷ɱǲûüбȡֻȡ˼ֵߵö쾧֮ʵϣлвٺöģֻûԸðΣȥȡˣʱϲȥ
ʱû̽⵽һﷶΧɳõĴڡ
ϸ̽һΧľ֮ӳ£ʶ֪ǿȳԽڳˡ
ŷ籩ۣ֮ǰһ򿴿ɡ
Ѫһ飬õ˵ͬǷ籩֮۸Ŀտ򣬱зԲʮ
Ƶ籩֮۵һͷȥܹ̽⵽һЩõϢ
˵ͷ֮ͬ󣬱һ𣬳ŷ籩֮һƹȥݺ˾ͼ뵽СС
ͷˣ̬΢Щı䣬ڴеջ˸ڴͬʱΣյľƺҲЩ
Ȼ˶ȫɣ̶ȣʼʱȵȷǽ˲٣⣬Σյף
ܿ죬˸˷籩֮۵һ࣬Żһʱʱ䣬Ͼ·ʱ򻹵õֵ籩֮۲ϴǵʵԿ籩֮۵ûʲôѶȡ
Ȼһɳã͸ոһģһһֱǰŰʮĵط
֮ٴʩչʶ֪̽⣬Ȼҵһɳã֣ɫһϲҪջˣ
Ҫ⣬һ·ϺܻܿǻΣգҪȥ̽·ոһ
Ѫһ䣬ȻһΪȥ̽·ģƽǰ˽ǿռʶ϶ͨһȱڳͨ
һȻ˿ȥˡ
ǹȥ̽·ɡ
˾ͽ˵ɨһȻǲٿɲٳͷĻᣬҪȻսƷʱҪ˶ͬԷֵһݣ̫ˡ
˾ͽȻҲ뷨һһŮ˵֮Ҳû˵ԹԵľͳ˵ķȥˡ


1297 
˲ûֹһһŮΪ˭ȥ̽·ʵûʲôν˵һģԼǲȥ
Ͼ˭֪ǰʲô򵥵˵̽·ΣյĿԿҪ˴öġ
Ϊˣʼȥ̽·ʱ˶û˵ʲôлһøС
ڱһһŮ׼̽·ֹͬǸֵУ̽·ѣԷȥȥóʱٺúϢһ£ȫָ
ܿ죬һһŮʹʧˣԺķϱǵͶһƬϵ̫֮籩֮С
̶ֳȵķ籩϶κβǣؼû֪ǰǰʮһ·ϣ᲻Σյĳ֡
ȻҲֻԭصȴˡ
û˶˵ÿ˶Ϣһ˼Ÿոһλɳõ̽о˼һһεʱջ󣬲ٵΣա
ҲŸոþ֮ĵãոôξ֮һͨϤ̶һ˲٣ҲӵӦһЩ
ݺȻűϴŵһЩ֮ϵϢܵĻƺǾδ׵ľԽԽˡ
ݺ̤δףʵһ¥ǲ
Щοͬʱ뵽Լ
ݺ̤֮ǰսʱ򣬶̤ؾҪһЩˡ
ԣһֱڣݺδԽԽҲģϾʱڵõ˲ԴСкҲ˺ܶ࣬ȫ׼Լˡ
Ҳνλףսһǲ岻֣ǱһиɵĻɫҲûҪΪˡ
ʱһһţǰûдκϢ
ֻܾȴܿ͹ȥ˰ʱʱ䣬һһŮȻûκϢ
ٶҿ治Сֵÿס
СһԺǺǵЦţǱ˵ͱġ
Ҳ·ʲô飬һ£Ҳδ֪ٵһʱ䣬ҪǻǾֻ˹ȥˡ
һ˵ţһ߿˿
˼ǺԣСУٴγȥ̽·Ͼ֮ǰ̽·ȫûģȷ˿ס
Ҫ֪ڿռķǲ͵ģȫΪ
ԣ۾˵ͷٵȰʱҪǻû˳
ҲЩأȻϲһһŮһɷϵǣ˵ʵԲ
ٲڳδ
ȴôʱ䶼ûлʲô鷳ԲûʲôµĻԷôö
ҪʲôΣգȥҲһöͷۣ
ţоΪ鷳ȥ룬ȵȵ˵ˣοҲû˵ʱ
ȻҪȥ̽·ĻһԼİ취ܱ֤Լİȫ򲻵ѵĻɲԸȥðյġ
˵ȴʱʱһһβš
ܿ죬һʱʱ䶼ȥˣ˵ǲһ˳ȥʱѾˡ
ǻûǳˡ
ȫɫأϴ顢׵ˣҲȫǳΪһ˳£ʹطΣԵȷܸߣôʣЩˣҲгµĿܣ
ԭΪͷһľģʱһұʼʱҪӽö࣡
ǣھɣ˭Ըȥ̽·̽·ҪĿ겢ǻɳãҪλʲô飿
˵ȻɨһΧˣ˶ûҪȥ̽Ĵ㣬üͷ΢
ʵҲ֪˳ȥܿҲȥ޻صĽΪ֮ƣȴֻˣҪȻһȥĻһ⣬ǻȫû
ûԸȥ̽·СеһţʱҪǳȥ̽·ǿԸ̸̸ˡ
ûͻȻת
һ׳ӰͻȻǰɳ籩г֣ԵüǱȻǷ뿪ıеӣ˾ͽӣ
ʱ˿̣˾ͽӺһʱ֮ǰ뿪ʱȫͬˣʱ緢˾ͽһ˻ɳ籩Уһǰơ
ڣ˾ͽȫȴǳ飬ͬӲսӻһ㣬Ѫ죬кϢҵĻתţʱɱȻ鿪;һصıѪɳ籩ɡ
ܿܳ˻ɳ籩ķΧǾɫ˵ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ӳˣӳˣ
˾ͽ̲סЩϻűѪзżɹ
ʲôˣ
ۿ˾ͽ⸱ģ˶ɫһ䣬˵˾ͽӿܲңܱһûúöˡ
٣ֱ׷ʲô¡
󰡣·ϣȻһ壬Ƿ۳һʵȲҲ˶ԶˣǾԲǶ֣Ƕֿȿȡ
˾ͽӿȳѪ߼ٷҡҡλεӣǱڻŻˣֻҪžһжá
ϧǣһֱŮӣ˾ͽƺѾزˡ
󡣡
˾ͽӵĻȫɫ䣬Ŀ¶֮ɫ໥֮俴ֿÿжֻ֮ɫҲˡ
һǷǳģʶľ֮޹ŵŵһ𹹳ۣӵмֲķ
ǿķ֮һ÷ȻһοĴڣ
Ȼֶο϶Ȳ񣬵ǿȴȫģԿĻԿɱһС
ǰ¶ֲһʱ䣬ǾԵ࣬ûκֶκֲͨ
˾ͽ˵˵ɫ쳣ѿ
󣬷ΧǶԶûע⣿
ɫȻ˾ͽѯʵ
һ˵󣬿϶һΧģΧӰ쵽ܹյķΧҲӰ쵽۳жķΧ
˽һ㣬ǽȥжǳҪ
˾ͽȻƣڱΪǿߵսʶеģԽ֮䣬ʶԽѡ
ԣܹشģ̵ԼʮķΧǵܹƹǣǻɳþΧڣҪȥ̽õĻԻὫ˺ɷ飡


1298 ֶ
˾ͽһеͷȫˡ
ЦȻɳðڣǻôȥǻɳõ⣿
ҪôðĹɳȥҪôȰˣһֶǺõѡ
ǰǾֻ·һʱ߶δײεĻɳʯй˲ӵߡ
ںߣҪˣҲԻ˶뿴
ɳԶż٣ǲһ⣬ɳõ⡣
ǻȥɳ𣿡
˶ĿͶЩҪȴвʡ
ʱûǼ˾ͽһЩϸϵ⣬ȵ˾ͽһһش֮ü˼һջҡҡͷ
ˣΣ̫Ƿɳðɡ
ܿҡͷ˵
˾ͽѯʵϸ⣬Ҫ˾ͽαɱԼλ⣬ϸڶ˹ۺϿһ£ƾˣҪ⻹治ס
һŪþͻȫûҲ˵ҳɹҲḶ൱Ĵۣòʧ
Ļ˸Ե˵ͷû˶ʾܵģΪ˶˾ͽӵĲ״Լ˾ͽеġ
Ҫʶһν뿴жٲ࣬Ȼ˶Ȼֻա
ҪɳãҲܶ಻ȷΣգǶ֪żдߵĶӦøСһЩˡ
˵
ҲȫͷȻ飺̽·ʱԴ߷÷ǰ棬һҲܹǰ
߱ʶпܻᱻԣá
һһ۵Ӱɭɭ˵ͽɣҪ˵ʮﷶΧһﷶΧڵҲܸȫ̽º󣬸ҷսƷʱɵöһЩϾҪĺܶԴ
Ϊ꣬ǹδǿߣ֮ǿļ֮һˣʵ˵ǽϴ顢ѪǶҪǿһߡ
˵İ취Ҳ֪Ͼ˶໥ദܶΣڸֶҲһЩ
꣬ƽ˲ٴײεܣЩܶǻŵģӵʶʶȴ޷ٿܵ
෴ܵȫвٿأҪһͷĶδײεܣҪĲԴսʱЩܽΪҪս֮һ
ڣ˼޷ǾǲЩܳȥԶԶ̽⣬ĵҪͷϣսƷʱֵ꣬˵ƽ̯ʧˡ
ϾΪԼˣ겻Լ̽·̸
Ҫǰô鷳
˽¶ͺݺ˵һ뷨ȻһķЦһЦ̽·ⷽ棬ǿԽСֵԼֶΣɱһȫ·
⻰һ˶ЩôôֶΣ
Ҫǰ֣Ͳܣ
ԣʱһ䣺ϴҲãΣѱɵˣʲôֶΣʲôֶΣƾôΪҲż̽Զľ룬Ҫ˵һ߳ʮ¾ͱϵ̫֮籩ݻٴˣ
Ҳ˵ȷа취ģ㵽̫Ʒȥǰģأ
һ˵ţһ߹ź촽ɨɨڳˡ
˱һͲĵ˵ͷⷬȴܲˬɭ˵ܳɹºǷҲҪһЩսƷͬĽҲԶԶҵֶȵǻԸһλףǽ̫ƷʱǴ·һǿɿ޶޲
Ȼᾡȥܺ˸λĲ˵ԼѵõԴûиλ϶̽ĻɳãԣҪ̽·ҲҪսƷ䣬λıˡ
üͷ΢һ꣬Դ˷ЩۣһЩȺأΣһŶʱը
˶ŽһµʱҲûж˵ʲô
Լ̫Ʒô
һ⡣
ᡣ
ͷش
ǾУһΣϣʧ
Ȼ˵ͷջЭˣʵҲʹԼЩܵģ˳̽·ҪսƷ֮õġ
ΨһµģʵȻ˶·ȻҲһκˡ
֮ͬ˾ûʲôˣǱ˾ͽӡ
ٴǬתͨ˾ͽܵ˸κˣݣܿ˾ͽӱ㻻һµͷ
һӱϿ˾ͽӾһ㶼Ǳ׷ɱǱʿˣƺȫָ
УǿԿóٺңԼδжĵǡ
ƺ˵뿪żȴҲ֪˿϶ԸģΪջʵ̫ˣҴҶֻҪСһ㣬Ӧò̫Σա
˾֮СгˣȻǰ˶ȽڲռС
ϡϴ죬ûʲôԥͽȥˣȥ֮ǰͶȥһ͵ı顣
С׽ҲȥˣȻסˣһҲ뵽еС֮׼ж
ʵϣ˵ģһЩĹŲӰĳȥֻ̫̽Ҫɳ籩ͻ᳹ױ
ҾιߣҲΪûʶпܲᴥĽƣ̽·塣
ԣȻֶ̽ġ
ȣƾڵΪҲֻ۾֣ܹż߳ʮϰڸԶľ롣
ԣǱҪʩչֶΣΣڲռģؼĵط
ǰʱԵ֮ʱԼھֵڲռУȻԵֵ̫еС
ڣΪ˽ֲ߱ʶ޷Ƶ⣬ֱӴСдͷȥ
ڲʶڣֶοĿǰ˵̽⿰
۾ֻҪһˣСǧڵ㲻ʲôοЩ壬ʲôÿϧģ
ֶΣ̽·˵͸ʲôˣ


1299 ɳ
ԼҲеڲռУȻ֮ĳֳС
磬ֻʣ̫Ʒ⻹۳ʮͷ֣Щֵڿռ䣬һͷεͨؾ塣
һ֮дʶܹĳЩˣơ
飬ʮͷ½̽ǰһʼɳͷȵͷʮ֮⣬ɳͷǰͷ֮
˵Ҫ̽򣬶Ǳ֮ܿǰ˾ͽ󣬲û֪Ƿ󣬻ʲôΣա
һжڵȴ̽Ưԭػûж˶ڹ۲žֵж
ⶫǲСӺ뷨
Сֶ֪ΣЦһЦ͵
ֶΣΪ˵ҲֻܹʩչˣϾͨǿ֮ģʹﲻЧ
Ҳֻо֣ܹڱ鲼Žϵ̫֮籩вϴУǰܳһξ롣
ʮ￪⣬ȳͷ֣岨ɳ籩ֱڶǰȻٻûеҪĳ̶ȡ
йһ£оżĻУ߳һǾûʲôġ
ܿ죬ͷҲͳˣͷ

˶ڵȴ
Ҳڵȴһĵһͷ߳ʮʱͻȻһֵĽƣһϵ̫֮С
̫֮Уɱȷ籩Ҫǿ̫࣬Ϊɷ֮Ľϵ̫֮ƻԶ籩ʮϰٱ
ֻһʱлҷûκӳȥĻᣬ̫֮ңȻڲΧ籩ϳͷſ
ʲô󣿡
ڳ˶ûƵķ󣬲һ۾񣬲ҴκһϸڣϧһҲܿ챻ſķ籩ɵ˶ʧȥǴеҰ
ӣ̫֮н᲻šҪŵ籩֮۵׼ˣ
һ˼ص˵
һֱƤЦСףʱҲüΪأǰɣһǱû£ǸȥͿˡ
Ҳûʲô飬ʵϣѾܵԶ͵̫֮ڲżеڵĽϵ̫֮Ȼŷ籩֮۷򲻶ӹٶȼ졣
ûԥһб㻯һɫ⣬ŷ籩֮⼲ɳȥһͷһϵ̫֮籩У
ɫдУϵ̫֮籩Ӱ첻ٶȣһգ۱ԭʧˡ
֣
ʣµЩȫǲȥĴ̽
ȴǼʱֹҪżлڸոзĴߣзȫĻӿɾͲùˡס뿪֮ǰǸеӰ췶Χ˵
á
һҲԣȻ֣صĵ˵ͷ·ŵ˾ϣʣµľֻصԼСС
ȻǰһͷΧһƬƽ
ʼɳͷ֣һͷнƣһͷȴһ·˳ںʮͷ֣Ҳһ˳ûκΣա
ܿ죬Ҳӻɳ籩г˳ƬԱȽƽյУɫƬռ䵱УԵüۡ
طͦƽģǲ֪ûʲô塣
ʶ뵽
һͷ֣Ѿ߳һٶʮķΧһµĻӦѾ뿪зӰ췶Χ
ϳź󷽿һۣЩ¡
Ҫ̫ˣзŵʮ⣬ͷ籩֮۳ײһ𣬵ʱᷢʲô飬˭Ҳ޷ԤϣǻжԶܶԶΪá
Ѫ˵ţȻʵ̽⵽ʲô𣿡
ʶ֪̽⵽ΧһҪĸ֪ǵһͷȻʮ⣬Ҳֻ֪ʮﷶΧǰȫģ֮Ͳˡ
Уǵһͷǰ΢ƫǰһ㣬һ֮ǰĻɳþִʮľ룬þȥ̽һ
˵
Եͷû⡣
Ȼųʣµͷ֣Ƿ׷׸˵һͷ֣ܹͷ֣˵ķ½ȥ
ͷֶǴͬһǰΪľǷֹ̫ƣúܽҲܵõˡ
ͬʱҲǰȫŵһͷ־·ߣ޶ȵĽƵĿˡ
ܿ죬˾ھ籩֮۴ĵطֹͣȴͷֵ̽Ϣ
Ȼܹ֪Ƚϴ͵ĻɳõĴϢȴҲ޷׼̽⵽һ·ûʲôʲôġ
Զżеķʵ̫ˣ֮ǰʶ֪ǿֶΣټϾ֮⣬ſۻɳʯķ۸ҳ
ҲôԶ£ȥ֪Զûʲôڣһֻþֹȥ̽С
ˣûʲô⡭ţɳÿɱ֮ǰ
ܿ죬ɳõľǰʱ˶۾оЩ;ϲ
Ҫǣͷ½εͻɳõĸӶǶȹ۲ɳãûκΣգҲûдκνơ
ӦǸ֮ǰС͵һֻ̤֮󣬽ƷŻͬʱֶʯ񡣡
Ʋ˵ȻôڹȥÿɲܴͷĶ֮ǰС͵öǴпɾԲˣɹ̳֮룬ҲѾջǳ࣡
ȻҪȥǱüƻ
˵ͷû˻Ըһ͵Ļɳá
мɫ⣬Ŵͻɳڵķȥ֮ǰߵ·ߣΪȫ߷
ܿ죬͵Ļɳʽǰͬģһռϳǰֻǵֵɳ籩赲Ľ롣
ʱ򴥶˵ڽƵĻռ֮һˮϵ̫֮ϣͷһĽӦǲĲŶԡ
˼Ҫǲռ֮ڵʱͻ״һޱȿֲĿռԶ˹
һݣſռдķȥȻ֮ǰͣķ籩֮۷
ǽϵ̫֮ںͷ籩֮ˣ⶯ɲС᲻Შ
˾ͽң籩֮۷Щǡ
ò²ˣԲ⣬Ψһİ취ǵɳжһ£һռǳֵܹסɣȥ
ԶɳѾռ񷣬ϵ̫֮籩֮ײ˿ֲΧɢ


1300 
֮һƬֲޱȵĳ˵ʼԶżеľĩյĻôھͷ·ǵٵģ
޾ɳȫɽϵ̫֮ɣӷ籩֮ڷΧ˲䱬籩̺֮ŶǿĽϵ̫֮
ֱ
֮ǰ˾·̣˲㱻޾ɳڸǣɳռƬգûһ˿һķ϶ɹ˶ء
ûκԥֱֻӴ˴͵øһռУȻܹҲֻˡ
ռϣӦþЩһ彨õģܽϵ̫֮籩ֺ籩ȴ̫ǿˣǿֶֻдһʱ䣡
˲䱬Ľϵ̫֮籩УȵʱʱԵ̫֮֮лҪʮռֵܷסû˵׼
뵽ռ֮˱еڲռ뿪ˣվڴͻɳøǰԶһǼ˹ɫ
ɳľ󣬹ؼдֲֿϢڶ죬˵Щˡ
Ƿ籩ü죬˻ûôվȽŸɳ籩Ѿӿ˴͵øҿҪŸԶɢȥ
ԭԶżеЩɵĹâȻڷ籩ϮռжһƬڣϵ̫֮۶ɵĹŨɳѾܼزգΧһƬðգ
ռϡܳܵס𣿡
˶̲סһ㣬ʵȴҲûʧֻ˰ʱ䣬͵Χǲֵɳ籩Ŀռϱ㿪ʼ顣
ϮĻɳ籩Ѿͻɳ֮ȫ͵Ѿ籩Χ
죬ȫȥȥ
ɫ䣬׷׳Ŵͻɳڲнȥԭǻڴǲռֵܹסɳ籩Ȼȴ̫ˡ
Ȼ뵽ͻɳУ϶ᴥƣ»ɳʯ񲻶ϱ۳ȻҲ˲ôˡ
ٲеĻǺܿҪɳ籩֮ˣ
οлɳʯ񲻶ϱ۳ҲǱǷ籩ɰˣвˡ
ڶ˵ΣȻǹɳ籩ڵеأȥˣܽЩƷأ΢ӻһǹɳ籩ٶء
˳ŻɳбӣٴλصСУһƬڰУҲֻеȴˣȴһеĽ䶨ȴʲô鶼ˡ
£ҲֻʣµȴˣȻ˻ҪӣֻҪСУܺˣ֮»ҪһЩ
Ȼ£ѾûκˣΪ˶ͷ
ɳ籩ӷ籩֮۴ΧѸٱûиһʱ䣬뵽ȴû뵽֮죬˵ҡ
ڵ֮ǲռӦǱƻ˰ɣ籩غܿҪ֮ϡ
˵Сððʧʧ˽ϵ̫֮зƣҲ䵽ز
ʲôϵЩܳȥһĽ
һԵСЦ
ûκ壬Ͻǰһûˡ
棬ٶȼķɱһ㳳ܵ˼ûУһоǿ뵽룬Ȼ
ڻвٿռϽƵģӦһǻɳ籩ٶȡ
侲˵ţ;̧֣Ϯֱӳͨȥܿ㴥һơ
Ѹǰо򣬽űĽƣһ۳һռϡ
һ̣ɳ籩Ļɳý㳹״ݻٵΨڿռǰֹͣƬ̵ʱ䡣
ûκ˶˵κλֻܸϳŻɳǰʶ֪Ƚǿϵ·ģҪȻ˺ܿͻˡ
󣬲ΪƷ󱻴Ļɳʯȫ߶δײεʵ
Щɳʯȴûж˶ֵĻᣬΪǸո۳ͷĻɳ籩Ϯ䳹ûУʲô״ݻ٣
ɳʯҲûκĿܣһɳ籩Уֽͬһ顣
ٶȷɿ죬ǰǰһ·ǰУȫܵ׷ͬһĻɳ籩
ͻɳãһɳ籩߽⣬⵽ڣ治ϱ˷籩УȻ󱻳׷飬˻ɳ籩С
ڰ֮У˼ٱУ
Źһʱ䣬ڷԼѾɳõڣһΪĴڴΧСͱÿһжö֮ǰõö쾧֮ǴӴԵıȡġ
ִ˽ƣڴΧ߶δײεĻɳʯܹϰ֮֮࣬ǰС͵õʮҪ
Щɳʯոձ۳㳯Ѹ׷ɱ˹ٶȴȲϺͷ׷Ĺɳ籩
ֻһ˲䣬ͷϮĻɳ籩㽫ЩɳʯȫС
ȴȫע⵽ˣһΣƬɳ籩ȴûܹЩɳʯ׷飬ֻǽǾ֮ж硣
Ȼʱ˿̵Ļɳ籩ƻʼѾҪöˣ
ڣ籩Ѿֵܹסĳ̶ˡ
ɫһϲȻʩչ˷ֶΣ
СУҲЩ˿ԭʵڲоͷųԼ㵽ԼСȥ
ڿӦòˡ
һ̧֣ĺĹͬƣһڰķϣԼѪ䡢СС
ҪѪСףֻΪѪС׸պ߶ѡ
Źɳ͵õĽû˶뵽˻ɳ籩УζʱΧƮɢ
οǣɳ籩Ѿ޷̫˺ˣǴ˶Լһ
ڰķڣѪСŻɳ籩ƮΪϧĿΧͻɳõĽڷ籩бƻ
ΧЩСͱʮҲȫڷ籩б飬еĲ֪ʲôҲɢ˳
һö쾧֮
Ѫ䳯һָָҲܵˣΧһƬڰУһö쾧֣֮Ҳ쾧Ʒģ
ʱ˿̣˻Ӧûˣôȡˡ


1301 
ΧһƬڰ˶Ŀʶ֪Χ籩ȻȴȻǷǳŰÿ˵ʶ֪Χ͵͵㡣
ǿڶֻܸ֪ʮ֮ڵһǺֻ֪ʮɷΧڣֻѪ䡢Сˣ˶Ѿ֪籩ȥˡ
Χڣͻɳñ籩ݻ٣һö쾧ƷĴ֮ͱԡ
Űķ籩Уִ̧߶ģڰ֮ϣȫȻ෴ںһ𣬴ΣǴ֮ڴȥ
Ȼнϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩ŰҲܹǰƶںڰ׷£Ѫ䡢С˶ûܵʲô˺
֮ǰǻɳ籩Уͷ籩֮໥ҲֻһԱѣԱ󣬻ʣķ籩ȻңҲܽǿɱˡ
̫ùˡ
ѪСڴܵõö֮أȴֻ̾Ϣ籩Ǵ֮ﴵˣҲ޷֪λˡ
治ǸϢȻϢں档
иɳʯ񱻷籩ˣȫСĽŵ£
Ѻܿ죬ɳʯ񱻴ٶȸ죬һ˶ĶʯȻһײ˺ڰ׷ϣ
ɳʯӵ߶δײεڵķ籩Ȼܽݻˣʱ˿̣ײ˺ڰ׷ϣȫʮʱ𣬽ϵ̫֮˲䱬棬ĺڰ׷и
Щ棬ÿһ쳣Ȼɾںڰ׷иһЩѺ

߳һӣĶʱͬһѺڰ⵶ǻɳʯͱ塣
ȻʯҲĻɫȫһȫչȻһϣֵľļ⵶֮ǰ
ʯͷһ𣬶ҵһЩв籩УЩʯҪƿûôסʯȫѣ
һЦȴǾļ⵶˲ųһ貰ɫɹ⣬Ȼ֮ƣƿ
ţڰ׼⵶̶£ǻɳʯʮиĽϵ̫֮ױ顣
նɱ
֮һѾļ⵶ۣŰɫɹ⣬Ϊڰ׼⵶һ£Լնǻɳʯ壬һϡ
ûκγɣɱ֣ǻɳʯ񳹵ױ顣
˵߶δײεĻɳʯһ֣ƵĻôлᱻס
ڷ籩ϮЩɳʯδңԷûʲôֵĿܣһ˵͸ûʲôвˡ
ɳ籩ԽԽʱ˿ȻͺݺģгҪȻƾԼ汻˻ɳ籩Ȼֻ·һ
ôȷֻҪǸĻǲܵʲô̫вˣһͺݺҲǿһˡ
ʱעΧжʯ͸ɵд֮УҪ˷κʱ䣡
˵⻰һǰڷ籩УѪСҲԸϣĺڰ׷ڣԽʡһжҲԱⷢʲô䵥
籩Ϯ֮ʱ˶ˣܹϰɳʯ񱻷۳ȻΧʱпܳ߶δ׵Ķʯ񣬲ò
رҷ籩ǺˣԲ֪ԷʲôطΧֶʯĸʷһЩ
˲ڷ籩лŲƣͷʯ񣬱ѸٽˣȻҵ˷籩Ưŵһö֮
Ʒġ
׷ö֮Ȼȡ΢ЩʧһöȻʼܵöܱûкãڷ籩Ѱңҵࡣ
쾧ƷĴ֮ֵѾǳֻ߰Ϊ˸ߵڴŻԴԵЩʧ
˼ڷ籩Ѱң;ϻԽԽĻɳʯ񣬺ܹܿ˶ʮɳʯȫ˳׸ɵҷǳɡ
֮Ҳܹöһö쾧Ʒö쾧ƷһҲֵǧŹѫˣطô׵ҵöĴ֮
ȻһҲƴģŷ籩ʱ˲һȫ군ˡ
ö쾧֮ջ񲢲̫࣬˵ͻɳԭе˵ֻеһСְˡ
籩УܶණѾɢ֪˺ηҵöѾǷǳˡ
֮⣬ҵһҩƿӣⵤҩƿҽϵ̫֮ķ籩жûΪϿ̻ŷ
ķΧֻǵҩƿӣСԷǳǿ籩Ҵ
Ǹҩƿ֮оȻö쵤ҩһǳڿ˵ֱʣΪö쵤ҩκ嶼ܹе
ö裬쵤ҩ˵ֻҪһöϵ̫֮ĵǶ
ǰһıǽϵ̫֮һ֣Ҹպã
С׺ѪһۣӶԷпƣΪĶǽϵ̫֮ģûá
ݺҲһѪһѪɫǹĵһ֣ϵ̫֮ûʲôϵġ
ⶫǾûҪó֪ˣԼˡ
С׺Ѫ伸ͬʱ⣬Ϊ籩иΪսܹõʲôҲƾԵʵ
µõĶ˭Ըóָ˵ġ
쾧֮ȥֻҪһöͺá
Щ˷䣬˵
ݺҲ˵Ҳһö衣
ѪЩ֣СãҪʲô
ҪܣҾҪ
ݺߺߵ˵Ѫ˵ʵҪ赱ȻΪˣΪƾħܹ֮ȫͬҩеҩö쵤ҩЧǷǳֲģ
֮˴ֵԼҪΪڳĴ඼ˣһСףСףӡҲͦõģһֱơ
ȻҪĻѪС׶Ҫ裬ҲֻҪһö͹ˣ£ȻҪöˡ
ʣһö裬ö쾧֮ȫ͸ѪСס
Сһö쾧ƷģѪö쾧ƷģֵҲ࣬ģ࡭
Լδ̫࣬˵һöЧҪԶκδ֮ġ
ΪڵѾ֮ˣѾ߶δ׵Ҫͻ̤Σʵ̫ңԶ£쵤ҩܶʵ
ΪˣŻԾ˸Ȥ


1302 ٶȼԱ
ԸԳĵõö裬֮ǰùħееȵһ쵤ҩߵʵǳ
ľģǽϵ̫֮ģø裬ܹĵöȫյĻľ
ȻڲøʱΪȻΣյ״̬֮УΧ籩ȻͣЪɳʯв١
ŷ籩ͣЪɳʯ໥֮ҲʼȺɳʯһģƾһ˶ˣѪС˴ЭܶԸˡ
ΪǣһֱǶûˣҲ֪ڷ籩б˶Զĵطȥֻܵȷ籩ͣЪ˵ˡ
ʶ֪ΧȻֻһңʼҪԶ˲٣ƽʱǾԼϹӡ
£ÿǰһǼΪСĽһɳʯһɾͲðˡ
ڣù鲢ûзϡ
Żɳ籩ɢǿƽĻɳ籩ֻҪһϾܹˡ
˵һλɳ籩ǿʱһ٣ôڵķ籩ƻֻʣһѵʱѾȥˡ
Ǳˣ
ܿ̽⵽һ˵Ĵڣ̴˳ǷϹȥýˣ۶ѾܹԷȻϴ
ԵޱǱڶԸһɳʯԱ߻ʯĲкʯ֡
ϴ˺ôſʯɵʣһʱ˶ѾûʣµˣڵƾһʯҲû취ʲôв
һѾļ⵶ƿնȥڼ䵽ʯ֮ǰɫɹţʹ仯һѺڰ׼⵶
ڰ׼⵶̫ͻȻʯҲûܹǰ⵶նʮ԰͸ɳȻ⵶£˲ͱ壡
ԶԶһ㽫ɳʯɵϴʵɳһۼߵĳ׷ͷһϲ
ô˵ټˣЩ̤ʵģһʯˡ
˶仰ɲûеġ
ܿ˫һ𣬵Էͺݺ˻ڣ˿ϴУǲСһˡ
ȥ˰ɡ
һ£ȻһߣϾɢ˾ͲһپһˣһȻҵ㣬ΣտһӦԡ
˫Ĭûᵽջ顣
鼸Լ׳ˣڷֿʱõջ񣬶߸ӵеģҪչʾҪָˡ
Ҫ⣬ȻһЩϾﶼΪ˵õöģЩ˵˾û˼ˡ
˲ϵѰңڻɳ籩ѸٴС
زɳ籩Ͳˣһֱǿȣʶ֪ΧҲ𽥻ָʼʮɣոյİɣٵڵǧɣղŻָ߰ʮӡ
̶ȣܹܵΧЩʲôˣǴ֮ĵرǻɳʯ񣬻һ̽ձ籩ߵˣ඼ܹܵڡ
סϾһҲûʲôΣգʣ˵Ͳ̫ˡ
һ˾ͽӣиѵĶӡ
ס֮󣬲Ÿ֪˾ͽӵϢһǳùȻڷ籩ոյʱ򣬾ͱǿķ籩ģ˺˷飬ûһ
ֻʣ̫ƷСк˲˾ͽӵѾڷ籩б˺ˡ
ѵĶӣ֮ǰǸϽӵģҵʱȴɳʯΧѾˣһϢ
ϵ̫֮۶ɵĿֲɳѾ͸ڣȫƻѾʴĵСУߴ֮ͨʴʴˡ
ܵˣϻܹһ£С⵽ƻϾ͸ΪˣҵѶӵʱ϶ʱݺˡ
ңǲҪˡ
ѵĶӼΧΧɱɳʯɵʱ˵һ仰˫е͸
ԼŲȥˣ
㲻
ᣬȴΪᶨֱ̧ʩչǬתͨԷУʼٻָ
ţϱ㽫뵽ԼСУΪڻɳ籩У϶ܵ籩ϮлָĿܣСӱ뾲С
Се֮ͨȻʴʴҲҪֻҪκãû⡣
ֽ׶Σߴ֮ͨʴʴ£Ҫȥûʲôˣֻܹһǧɣ˵ǴˣѰ۾ͨؾߣɵ۸
һδ˵
ԲŲãϵɫһ˵ܲ˴ɱˣûκΰ취԰ָ֮ͨ
˾ԳĬû˵ʲôҲû취˵ʲô
ο
Ҳ𲻵ʲôãϱϾһǿˣʻеģܳڱ̫ʱ䣬Ҫ֪ȻΣյ״̬ء
˵Ķ飬ٶȼԱ
˺ݺ֮⣬ʼʱʮһˣһ·˾ͽ˾ͽģһϵѶӣֻʣ°˸ˡ
СסѪסꡢϴ飬ܹˣʣµǿս
ͺݺǲżжֻضʱ򷢻ӳһЩ
飬ٶȼԱսֱ˲١
ֻʣ°˸Ҫȥ𣿡
ϳĬһȻ̧ͷʵ
Ҳ˼⣬Ȼ˶̫㣬ȥĻ̫ٸΣա
һûõʲôõĶأȻҪ˭ˣԼߣ⡣
鵭˵ѾԼľ
ôҪ˾ٸֱɡ
Ҳö˵ֱӾ;
СסѪ䵱ȻҲž顢ϴͬˣǱߣ׺ˣƺЩԥ
һոڷ籩ջ񲻴
ͺݺһۣж뵽
ԥһ֮ջһԶżУŵıʵǲ٣һö쾧֮ļֵͱȵܶ굽һʱˣǲԲȲ
ڼȻлõ࣬ǵȻΣգǲҲѾΣл
Լ˶һţ


1303 ɭȻ
˾֮󣬾ͼ̽·˶صеУΪķ籩дģҪʲô
ǰ򲻶оֳȥ̽·ʮܿ˷֣⸽ʮϰ֮⣬ѾŻɳ籩ûκһ徲ĵط
ڷŷ籩֮۵ıȫ˷籩УһƬ֮ǰеļ޾ҲʮȻͻڷ籩бƻ
ھڲռеı壬ȻǸһˣûκλ·
֮ǰ֮ǰСҶͬʱųĸľֳȥ̽⣬һһ̾ͿԸѡǰ
е㲻̫Ծ
ͻȻüͷΧ˶һֲԤС
ôˣ
Ѫʵڳʶ֪ΧԶӳ˾֮Χ鲼籩ܸ֪߰ʮķΧ
üʮĵطͻȻһˮϵ̫֮ɵĿռϣبأ·סˡ
û£ռСܸ㶨
һԵϴǺģٺЦ
ؼǣѾǵһˡ
̧ͷɨһΧˣ֮ǰʮﴦҲѾֹһĿռϣûж˵ǵڶ㣡
ѵǷ籩֮۵ĳʲôƣԶżʼ仯ˣ
ѪͻȻ뵽ܣЩľҪĻʣЩ˻ΣˣҪ˵̽żˣҪ붼ǳˣ
ҿпܣô죿
üͷ𣬶ͷƱøˣ볷˵ģȴ˶⡣
ˮϵ̫֮ϳں󷽣ûĻҪѺܳʱƿͨΧٳʲôɳʯ֮ģǸûӳȥ
зˡ
ЩԥҡڲʱȴͻȻ˵ǰһɳã֮ǰĲ̫һɳõȽɭ֪ô¡
̽ĿתƵ˹ǰɾִͼУȻԶԶһɳá
ɳõƺȷ֮ǰҪɭһЩҷɭһЩóɳͬǱ籩֮۱ĳģȴû⵽ƻ
ΪˣΧķϱɳøǿᣬȻ赲סˣ
Կ϶ɭɳڵλãȻ֮ܵǰͬǿȵķ籩֮۳ڣɳøȴǿյģûлɳ籩
нϵ̫֮赲֮⡣
ɼһǳҪĵط
ҪĵطкܻܿһЩöôҾطܴ
ǰһЩԾԾԵӡ
ҵǾýãǷ֮ǿܵס籩֮۳Ǳ뿼ǽȥ֮ôٻ
׳˵Ϊء
Ѿõ˲ٺöסˣ¶ñȽϽΪ˵ȥѾֵȥðա
Ҿûǹȥã˵涫֮ǰء
ϴһЦ˵ĹǣǱ˵ôһ仰ΪľնԷĵ̰
仰˼Ȼ֪ϴҪˮ̲סȥ룬ԼԵõ࡭
յ۽Ͷˡ
̶ʱ֮ڣ˾˾ɭĻɳǰȥˡ

㡣
ڵɳΧĿռ֮ʱٴصܹˮϵ̫֮ĿռˣԶһЩʯ񲻶ۣƺڳڵķϹ
ȻǰԶżĽƶˣô죿
˶ʱɫء
ô࣬ǿ϶ӳȥǰɳãȴǱҪ̽һ
˶һۣӶԷп˾סϺ꣬ѾɳǰˣҲûκɡ
ûκҪ׷׳Żɳÿȥ
ǲǿĿռϣ֮ǰһֵֻɳ籩ģû赲ǽãɽ뵽ڲȻһɭȻϢӻɳڹ˳û
ϢŨЩʲô
̲סΪ֮̾ʱֻ΢ܵһɭ˷֮УɭϢһھͱϰٱﵽӰ߾״̬ĵز
ŨҿǴδս
Ѫ͸𾪣˵
սʲôط
ÿʱÿ̶ǿߵʬǣƣ޷ɢȥ
ڣɭȻɳеȻսϻҪŨɼп϶żΪµĶڡ
þֽȥ
һ飬СУʱûܵǹɭȻŨʱ˿ģǿЩ㶨ɳȻ뿪ż
ϾżĽƶ籩֮۳ٲߵĻ¾ˡ
Ȱռϸ俪Σ
׻ͷһ۸ոͨǲռϣΪ˵
ʱΣգҲԽʡһʱ䣬ҪٷѾ˼ͨռϡ
ҲɭȻĵ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ҲûʲôҲֻܴСг׼ϣʩչ֮ռϡ
С˲䣬͸ܵһɼŨɭȻΧ˰Χ棬Ժĵز
õǣĸԼȫ£̸ܺõöˣǾĶҲã˿
˿ʼǲռϣҲ߶֮һ·ѸںǸλϡ
߽ռĵǿʱչֳȻλ׵Ϊһʩչǲռϵƻ̶ȣȻҲ൱δ׵ĳ̶ȣ
룬ռϵƻٶһһ룬ɼⷽȷųһȵ
Ϊ׵ĲΣ߽ռĵٶȣҪڳ˼һܺͣ
һʱȥ㼫ΪǿӲĿռϣ㱻˺ƿһȱڡ
ʱ˿̣з籩֮۳ϮƻҲûйϵϾ籩ܹ֮Ҳֻһ
̽·ɣΣվ̳롣
˴ʱ˿ж
ͷ֣Ĳٿ£ɭȻõĴſڷȥǵôſڣͬɳ񣬲ȴͨЩ֮ɫ˸ӾϢɭȻ
һ̣ͷڷͷ壬ȻɵɭȻóĴ֮С


1304 
˶ϢӣһִʲôƣǾܹӦսӣٶȾС
û뵽ǣͷֽɭȻ֮󣬾ȻûдκνƣǾ˳̤У
ʲôƶûУ
˶Щ˼飬ȻžּȥֱʧǰɭȻ֮Ȼûʲô
ûġ
ô죿
˽ĿͶ
ȴһþǰھЩʲôǲżȥһҪȫ׼С
˵ͷ߶ǰУϧǵ֮һƬڣҲ޷ͨͼЩʲô
ֱҲûʶ֪ģֻͨݻ֪ΧһƬڵ£Ҳ֪ΧЩʲôˡ
ģþּǰȻ󿴿׻᲻ᴥƣԼûпҵһйߵĵطΧЩʲô
þֲǰǰȻһǴһҹʯͷɢģЩʯͷǶڵڵͨʯϣͨжһ΢Ĺâ
ֹâȫ΢ɭɫûΧԵøɭ¡
֣ҲܹЩ΢ɭȻ׹⣬Χͼ˿
һͼʱ͵һ
ȴھΧȻһһЩȫǿ̫֮۶ɣĳ󷨼ӹ̣߶δǿ߶ͻƣ
ȻЩƺЩɶˣϾ֪ȥ˶£ķҲܳǧ껹á
˾ȣ˾ȵģЩеĶ
ÿһ֮УĶǲһģһɫȫǸ̬ĺǣһЩ̬Źֵĸɱʬ壡
壬Щ壬Ƕһ壡
ɫ䣬Щʬͺǵʱɫ¶ϲΪͷܶĺǺʬ壬Ǽûû˵ģ
Ķս˵߱ߵоֵܹȥÿһߺǡÿһʬ壬ܹһɼ߶սŹѫ
֣ӦѾߵõˣϾò󡭡ͷһʮպʮʬǡ
˵ǰͨѾ˾ͷЩʬӦþдŵĶˡ
ʣõɭȻϢЩʬɢġ
пԿЩʬǰԲͨĴڣ򵥵Ʋܹ֪Щʬȫڵʬǣ
Ϊ߶δ׵Ҳܱǧôûڣֻڹͷܡ
οֻ߶δͷҲΧŨɭȻϢ
ضʮͷ񣬱棬ŻɭȻ
벻ջ񣬼ȻܹȥӦҲû⣬ȥ飬Ϳ԰Щʬȡˡ
ϴ۷Ź⣬ֻҪжɹԻջˣδ֪ʬǣֵ쾧֮Ҫöˣ
αô鷳Ǹʱ䣬ֱȽС磬ȥ֮оЩʬǣΣ
Сȴһ飬˵
Թˣ
ȴҡҡͷõɭȻϢֹ֮סܽ뵽СС
ȻУ˸ˣֻܽнʬȡˡ
ҲЩϧֻʣһ취ʱ򣬷ǲҪôԥհǰ˺ˣ˺ܿ˽е׼
ҾãǵжٶҪһЩ
üͷ΢˵ҸܵЩɭȻϢƺڿʼҵС磬̫ͣãǻǵСһЩõӰ졣
Ҳоˡ
Ҳ˵ͷٶȵȷҪ죬ĥˣ߰ɣ»뿪ȻżĽƶ״򿪣߶ˡ
û˷κһ˿ʱ䣬󣬾ͳɭȻϢֵĻɳô˽ȥ
ոԾ̽һûκνƱǴֻǲӵɭȻϢÿ˶ǳ
ֻصСУоãȴҲ֣СƺʼɭȻϢ룬Щ
ǺأԾĸȫֵһЩɭȻϢ֪˵϶Ӳá
δ֪ʬǣûֵܹջ󣬰
УκһʬǣսŶһһǧսŹѫܶһԴ
ֻҪõһߣܶһһöߵȵ֮ԴСڵָٶʮ
ͺݺ뵽ˣ֮ǰСкеһδ֪ʬ壬ںײеĴڣҲܵһɭȻϢ
ǺܿҲһδ֪ʬ壬ǣǵǼֵǣ
ֲõʱܵһɭȻϢѵǿȥ֮󶼻ɢϢ
ţȴҲܹȷ⻹Կǵġ
ܿ˱ɭȻɳõģȻͣͷ֣ûκ⣬طķشѾʧЧˡ
Ŷһ壬õķֶΣǶڵģҲǷֹЩδ֪ѣûԤ뵽˴ȡЩʬǡ
ʮʮͬδ֪塭ϵȻʤƫһ磬ֻܸЩ򽻵Ҳ֪ʱܹĴȥ
ɭȻ׹ҫ£ɨһ۵ڵʮŲͬĸпȻǶ֮ĸп
һ壬Ƿǳصˣǧǰ彮򣬱֮Ҳûг֡
ֳʮִδʬǣѵڶһظࣿ
һأںη
ڴУǷ񻹴ڶһ壿
һеһжţܹţǿߣҪ˽һжǼѵ顣
ˣЩ򿪣ʬȡ߾ͺˡ
ѪһˣȱһʬȻȫѪɫģǽϵ̫֮۶ɵȻϮȥ
ЩǼΪοģԹѺǿߣɴ˿ɼһߡ
ǧʱȥ£Щûеǰļ̣Щδ֪ȥ֮ЩҲͬһ㣬ԽԽ
˸ԷɢʼԸЩݺҲһ
ϧǣЩˮϵ̫֮۶ɣû취ֱþ߽֮Ļƾվ̫Щ


1305 ȫ
ܹպʮ˵һպÿԷֵһһЩɲôƻġ
ƻģȻ֮ʵǿֻۺɫ⵶УŰɫɹбڰ֮ɫʴ̫֮
һʱȽƣȻ֮͸һͷδ֪ʬϡ
ͷδ֪壬Ǵֻʣ¹塢岻ͬǣɫɫģޱ޺͹졣
ûô࣬ⶫѾĴˣô죬ƾʵҪ¡
ܿ죬֮ǾɫʬǰסȻֱͽԼСС
Ȼû˷ʱ䣬ͷһû취Цһתְ̧ˡ
ڰɫľɹУת˲ǰ̫֮ϣԼٶȽʴƻţٶȱԾϢƻҪϰٱֹ
ôҵΪվ̫ˡ
̾˿ЩܸУΪ̫ˣܹһ·ԶżУܷӳԼãѾ൱ˣͬǾòġ
İæ֮Уһȥǰ̫֮㱻ƻˣȻûκԥֱӴ߶֮ȥ֮еĹɭȻδ֪ʬ
еʬ壬ǹҪ֪ڶйֶġ
һ߽ʬС磬һϸ۲һģһ߸һʬ壬Ȼǽɣ֪Ľǰûмͨ͸Żɫķâ
Ȼ˲֪£ʬ嶼ûһĸãֻȷʵѾûѾ˵ġ
ʬʬ壬ûٹɭȻϢĲ٣пʺ岻̫һ
ܿͰݺȥˣݺԼƿٶȿöˣټæֻһͽˡ
ֱʱҲŸտʼ׷ƿ
ȴѾƻٶȣҲͱʵҪǿô࣡
ܹʱ䣬˽Щδ֪ʬǸ뵽СУܹʮͷʬ壬ҲûΪη
ͺݺԵõһߣҲȥˡ
ȥؼ飬Ҫطȫ룡
ÿ˶ӵһδ֪ʬ壬ô˴ԶżջǷǳˣûбҪðȥ
ڣԶżеĽƼѾȫɳʯ߰ΧƻѾôʱ䣬ٲ߿϶ˡ
ߣ
һ£˸󣬳ŵ֮Ѹٳȥ
֮ǰͷֵɳõڸ۲ȷʱΧǰȫġ
ܿҪòȫˡ
һȺɳʯǧΧۼһҪɳĿռϸˡ
˴ӻɳһĻɳʯ񣬸Щ
˵ЩɳʯȫĶδ׵ĲΣرǿƣܲסԷʵ̫ˣ
ǧʯǿ߱ΧУҪԷȫɵҲҪѲСĹ
˼Ψһ뷨ܡ
ҿ֮ǰڿռѾƿһȱڣʱֱӾͳ嵽ͷŰŵĻɳ籩С
С磬£⿿п϶Ǹ㲻ˣҲ棬Ӧκ
ռ˲ƣԶżжǱ׷ģ˭޷˲ƣΨһԵģ¾ֻľ֮ˡ
ϧĻΪ̫ˣҪ˿ռ侫ľ֮ԶżЩѰĿռ϶Ʋġ
ڴȫǰռϾѸٻƣҪκԥ˹һˣ
ѪĺУѸǰܿ˵һˮϵ̫֮ϡ
Ļƻٶȿ϶Ҫࡣ
ǣ֮ǰ籩֮۵ĳ¸ռȫǻɳ籩ɢҵŰ
ܲСͷž֮䵽ˮϵ̫֮֮ϡ
Ҹķ
֣ص˵ţȻֱӴСק˳⵹һһ̧֣ڰ׷ϳΧ
ַ϶ǶⲻڣΧҲֱʩչ֮ȥ߽ˮϵ̫֮ϡ
Ȼûκԥֱ֮ͨʩչ˳Ӳӿƻˮϵ̫֮һٶȡ
ˮϵ̫֮ͣɳʯ㳯߾ۼܿͽȫΧ
ڣԵʣƿˮϵ̫֮ϵٶȸոպǰôһ㣬ûЩɳʯࡣ
ȻϱȱڴǰѸǰ
ԶżУȫ汻ɳ鲼ռ䣬ɳʯκεطһȺ
˴ϣЩʯҲϹϣ׷ǣȻǸһȺʯ׷
ҡ
׳˵ţ;һöһö̫֮ף̫֮׷յУǳǰǰ·ϣܿ;һ̫֮
ȵЩɳʯƬ̫֮ʱȻֲĽϵ̫֮ױȵƻɳʯ˷飡
⵹΢һ˵ѹ
Ҳûš
ϵ۾֣ȻһͷУȻþֳѸǰʲôܣһȻܹһЩɳʯעطȥ
ַ̧ųܣЩܾȻȫĶδסδ׵ĲΣ걾ǿսԶκλɳʯ
ʱЩܱͷųɲΪսڲͷſֶΣܣͲͷų赲ԶĻɳʯ˿
ǰҡÿһ򣬶ĻɳʯΧʩչֶΣܹЩɳʯ֮ľ룬̫ڿ
ܿ죬ڶˮϵ̫֮ϳǰ
ٴ׼̫֮ϵʱⶸȴǲ϶棬ͻȻһ͸ľͶһ֣ЩţȻֱӽ̫֮ϸˡ
ˣ·
˴һ˽ĽӽĶһֵĵطȻֻвʮ


1306 ס
ͻ⣬˶Щˡ
ȴ˵̫ţѾܵƻģӦǸոշ籩֮۳⵽ƻ
ôһ仰֮侲ϸ۲һ£ȻЩȱġ
Ķһ壬䱳ӦʮŶԣǰȴֻʣ°߼ʮһȻЩˡ
Ϊ󱻷籩֮۳һ֣۳󶼲
ô죿ǲȱҲһܹ
Ѫҧ˵ͷϿʼ͸飬Ķǰ
Ƕһһ־Ͱǰˮϵ̫֮飬Ȼɳʯ񣬳˰Χ
ȻۼĻɳʯ࣬ԶԶȲΧͷ󣬾㹻ǳһˡ
û취ֻܴһˡ
侲ķ˵Ķʯ̫࣬ҪǳѣοҲ֪᲻󣬲ֵðգ
ǰǵһᣬ󣬾˵֮Ӧûˣһ岼÷ؽƣҲͬһ·ϲóֻҪͻӦþܰȫǰڡ
ⷬõ˵ͬ
סȻ΢üͷȴҲûж˵ʲô
ʣҪͻƣѵҪӲɣ
ĺˣͷǣƾͿԣһӦĶʯһ߽ƻ
˵һͷȱҲҪԿֵܲܵסء
ⷬ˿ֻҪȥˣ˭ȥˣ棬Ǿ͸ǹϵˡ
˵ʵȷǿֲȱȥԶԿһҲźܴĺô˵ܹ̤βһЩҲ˵
Ҫ򣬾ԼֶεԼо̤ˣǰһᣬԸ
ܿƻôˣΪʱ䲢ȥİ취Ѿɱ˹ʯʯɱˡ
ȫ֣ɫɹҲͬһʱŶڰɫʽȻͬȻںһ𣬳ɳ籩еһ羰ߡ
Ҳûȥսˣȫۼһ𣬳ȥһǻɳʯȽٵһߣܹĶδײεģ˵˵⣬ܹ㶨ˡ
Ͼȥ֮⣬ҲδסδףѰδףԸһЩĶδ׵ĻɳʯֻҪ̫࣬ɾܹ㶨
ͺݺǸСУʱһͷȻǲȱģֲƣЩľս
񣬻źܴ࣬ûиһ޷սʤĸо
󣬵⣬ȥԸֻҪսͿˡ
ʱԱͻͷǿߣѹȸʵʵڵģѹ᲻ȥԷԿֻҪԷһ˾ͻ᳹ױ顣
ȴûƵƣֻһͷӵȴûơڡսֶεĻˡ
˵ͷǲȱģһڶһ˵˵ˣʹһ룬Ӱ쵽ƽԣսֶθʩչ
˳۷ǰҲͷˣֻҪסһʱ䣬˽۴ݻ٣ܹˡ
˲ȥƻôʻ뵽ǳѵĵز˲ܶ
Ĳ˵ѪͲܽ£Ҫ֪СлͺݺأСףӦҲǲ˲ܡ
ôԼԸȱǺĵģҲû̫ˡ
ˣ
ܿ˾ĸǰɱɳ籩джǾһ֧͸ϡ
ڰзɾƿն˲䴩͸һ֧͸󣬿Ըоһٴοʼţ
ǶһԴȪһƻǵʧսУƻǵսҪֶΣ⣬ҪɱԷҲֻܽԷͱɵ
һ壬һֻʮԳѣһûԴһһ壬ʮԳεıͱ塣

ɳ֮ȻܹⰤ򲻻֣䵽ϵʱһֲɳ籩֮Ϯ̺ǿĽϵ̫֮ڷ籩̵˶ڡ

ɫ䣬һֱ̧۾ģаɫɹţγһڰķϣõķϣҲ͵·ǿֶΣ˵Լ۱ߡ
ǿĶֻ֣Ҫһо㹻ˡ
ϧǣȻЩ֣ͨȴǻɳ籩е̵ͬһŻɳ籩Ȼĺڰ׷ϲƻһ©ȱڣѸٳ֣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ԼСȱǹʩչͨĻԲͷĶ֣
뵽ԥѩ׵Ĳϴŵһѩɫȡ˳һȻ̫Ʒֻϧ֮ǰʱˣǰ
ˣ̫ƷȻǿս֮һСǰ󣬶ǴȫԸ
ѩɫ֣֮Ȼ͸һ֮ɱȺݺѪľ֮Ҫǿ֪٣
ǵʮľѣ
СУݺվһݺܵѩɫľ֮ǿȣ̲סһ
ͣҲ˶٣绹似̫Ʒľѡκη棬ȺݺҪǿ˲ٰ֪
ʮѣѾѵ۷壿
ҲЩȡ
̫ƷѾѳʶСһֻϧôƯȻѾЩˡ
ݺЩϧ
һ̫ƷѩϵһЩѺۣ̲ס˵ڸո뿪Ľ磬¥ɽϴǿ߼ԴһԱĳ
ʱ֪ǼԴһ϶Ҳ߶δײεʵˣԱĿռȻѩɫѺ
Ϊ飬ĺܶࡣ
š
ǰȴǾʱ򣬵ѩȡ̱֮߶˾̫֮ƷľѼ


1307 ԱΣ
ȻѩɫЩ𣬵ȴû˶̫࣬Ȼ൱ǿƻ
ѩɹ˲֮бӿͬһѤã˲佫С
Ѥõѩɹⲻɢȥ֮һжһѩ֮ɫʩչϯĻɳ籩һƬѩɹ⸲֮˲ƽ۵Ļɳ̵ҲϢı߽
ʩչһͺݺЩ𾪣һƬͬѤõѩɹ⣬ȻӵлЧͬľܹ߽֮һпռģ
һƺʵһЩսУ˵Ӧκһɻ⣬һģ
ȻΣͺݺͶ֪ˣٱϿһƬѩɹӵЧ
һоѼɵֵסҽű㷢˷
Ȼֻ뽫סȻȥƻǶԼϸˣʱ˿̣ѵӵиһȱսĻᣬɲԸ׷
õĽƻ֮ǰͰɵȻҪˣѶȷǳߣ߾ȫһܹõ
䣬ȻˣҪã
ѩɫ֮ϣɹٴתѩ׹򣬳Χɢȥ̫ƷһоѼ
Щѩ׹һκδڣᱬױȵƻ
һȫǰ͸һСľʹһöѩɫ򣬽ŹըѣɹķɢݣȻЩ͸ϣ
ǿľǶһİ͸׷׾Ľϵ̫֮ü֧Ȼ߽ˡ
ľЧԭֻһЩĸ״̬Ч;֮ģľ֮塣
ڣԸȴӵЧΪ۽ϵ̫֮ɣ߱һľ֮ʱͱĽϵ̫֮
ԽԽѩ׹֣Χɢȥ
ȻԴУڳױֲĻɳ籩˲Ȼ𣬽ʣѩ׹Χɢȥ
ţɳ籩㳯ڴڻɳ籩еģȻһεĽɫ꣬˷й
Щɫڻɳ籩в˸һκδڣͻὫֽץסһмֲĿֶΡ
ɫ꣬ϳ赲ܹκηϣͬһ͵Ľɫס
ȻȱǿȴȻԶԶֶܶϵĶƴơ
ҲЩɫ꣬ʵ͸ոʩչѩ׹һ
ֱԻɳ籩ɢЩѩ׹򣬵ȴû㹻ǿɢЩɫ꣡
ֻʩչֶбܿ
Ľ壡
߳һȻ˲両ֳһ֮һУ̺һʾģϵľϢޱŨ
ŻʩչɹֶεھȻģ忪·˶һȻֳɺüųΧɢɴЩɫķ϶˳ȥ
ڲԶ⼸źٴξۼһƬ̱Ӱ
ͷȴκδϢʱ䣬ɳ籩һǵضڴӿȵþ
ԥĴ߶ѩɫѼٴηһɫɹչЩɫɹֱ֮ӳȥ
ηǳ޴ǰһֻϣڣֻȴɫɹȫ¶
ЩɫɹȻ̺һЩ֮ͣĽ󾻻ΪĽϵ̫߽֮ڵ
һԶʼ
վ񣬶ֻǲȱսʶʲôĶ̫У޷ѹס£־սȥҲ˵Ǻˡ
Ӧòˡ
ϴ߶ѩ̫ƷϾǾѵ˵ʮǿ̫ƷѼǳ£ƾоѼ㽫Ƶ˾·
ɫһ䣬ΪоǰƺǾ쵽ԼĶ֣ԾȻʼͱڴ
޾Ľϵ̫֮ӾȻҪԱ
߶δײεԱᵮʱ̫ƷѩΪ֮飬˼ңԶǺӹżŷڴһϵ顣
ڣԱᷢʲôĺ
Ȼֻһ󣬵ȴǺһģһģ˿ǿߣ
ֻǲȱģôҲһ룬ҲԶԶ߶δײ֪ٱġ
ĴԱ룡
üٴδ߶еѩɫɫɹһųһξһͷͷѩɫĳܹͷֱӳϾҧȥ
ѩɫĳѩɫɹ⹹ɣû۶ǣһѩɫһҧϣֱӽǲָɵȻת
ѩɫһҧ̶һ˲㽫һɣ
һ̣۵ҲˣۿžҪԱݺĶᵽɤۡ
ҪԱ׵壬Բʲô³
˵ĺ㣬㲻Ҳòзϡ
ҲʱȫȴͻȻǱһԭۼ׼Ա˲㻯һgɢɳΧƮɢȥ
󣬱ƻˡ
ʶôˣ̲ס˿û뵽Ȼ򲻹˻Ա˵ֻǲȱ󣬵ԱҲ벻ֵܹסġ
ҪԱĻʵҲһͨģκȻκλ²ܵ˺
Ц˵ȻЦǿЦΪҲ֪Ӱ֮һеģʵ̫ˣ̤λ׾ҪάְӰ֮ģ̫֮ÿһʱ䶼ĵһ
֮Ա˳мʮʱ䡭
˵Ӱ֮ĻޣαװģǸиôĵҲûô࣬ȴΪֶΣֻΪֶΡ
Ҫ̫ǿ޿ռ飬ôҲ޼£ĳЩ£ģӰȫ׵
ƣǿߣ
ǰ˺ϣһѾɵǰͷҪһˮϵ̫֮ˣɳʯźƮɢһƬյУɳ籩б߽⡭


1308 
˳ԶżڴѸǰ;лɳʯ׷˳߽֮⡣
һ·ϵĶʯӻ־͸öˣԽԽʯΧѾû·ߡ
Ҫôһ·嵽ڴ뿪ԶżҪôͱĻɳʯû
ܿ׷ˣԺڰ׷ϱʩչ֮ͨӿٵ߽ˮϵ̫֮Ŀռϡ
Ȼ岻ݴǣҲֻʱΪŶһЩʲô顣
ܿ죬һˮϵ̫֮㱻˺ƻ˴ϣȴͷĻɳʯܼ
ϴӺ׷ʯȺѾǰΧˮйͨ
ҪһΪ
һֱӸ˵ǳܷӳȥһжÿƻˮϵ̫֮ϵٶȡ
ܹһԼ磬ô֮ˮϵ̫߽֮ǿƻˮϵ̫֮ϵٶҲӿü
ڣܹ̤λ׵ľ磬ֻҪһȥ߽ˮϵ̫֮ϣٶȾͱ֮ǰһƻҪÿ졣
ڵ֮ˮϵ̫֮ҪƻȥֵΧΧĻɳʯˡ
£ֻҧȥԼɵ顣
Ϊ̤λײŹ˲ãھҪ̤λףɲô׵飬쾧ƷͶƷĴ֮ֻܵͷȥġ
ڣҲֻȸˣȻҲãֱӸҪһö쾧Ʒһö쾧ƷĴ֮Ȼ󽫷ŵõǾδ֪ʬ壬Ϊݸ
һδ֪ʬ壬ֵҲһǧսŹѫôö֮˵Ǽֵ൱˭ûռˡ
ţСУʼö֮еĴ֮
бУȫŴ֮Ȼ󽫴֮ȫȫתƵڣգҿʼС
λ׵λףؼСţӷԲһԲܹλ׵ĲΡ
ȫö֮еĴ֮ôܹɹͻƵģҲеĸУôҪٻҪһԴС
ڲŴ֮ڻɳ籩ѸǰС
˾ԽԽȻĸ֪Уٻˮϵ̫֮ڵֵϣ͹ϵ˵
ɳʯԽԽ࣬ѾһʩչֶΣȥЩɳʯΧʯ˺Ƭڻɳ籩߽˾Ľϵ̫֮
ܿ죬һˮϵ̫֮بǰ
ˡ
˵Ȼ֪մ֮СĹУȴҲòˡ
ΪûĻƻˮϵ̫֮ٶȽһ룬ֻôһʱ䣬Ҳ̬ȫ޷
ˮϵ̫֮϶棬ѾвٻɳʯۼƻĻʯԽԽ࣬ȻǴϣҲֱ뵽ԷİΧȦУҪȥͱޱˡ
Ļ˵ͷͣһմ֮Ҳûа취飬֮ڰϷ£ٴδ߶֮ǲˮϵ̫֮ƻ߽
һΣ׺˾ͲܲƻˣΪǿʼֵΧΧĻɳʯϰͷʯѾߣǶɵĻ÷ǳ鷳
СӣԿռĵ߽ǿ
˿ľ֮Ծǿ֮ˮϵ̫߽֮⣬̲סţȻ׺ûв빥ϣ߽ٶȴû٣Ϊš
һʱˮϵ̫֮ڸƣ׺˿ǰѪʩչֶΡ
ѪɫĺͺڰмϮ϶ϰɳʯ񳹵״ݻٵӲһ·
ȥûôˣϣܵʼˣ
߳һͷǰУ˳㽫յСȥ
ȻǼմ֮еͻƵλףֻϧվҪˡ
˼ǰУûһˮϵ̫֮ϣͻȻһ͸ľͶ󣬳ǰϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩
Ȼһ
һݣʱ׻ǰΧȫǻɳʯڰΧҪı߲ܹͻΧ
Ǳ߿϶ǲܵˣѵҪȥٳǧĻɳʯ
һֱߵ׾ͿˣȻ;󡭡
ֵȥ䷨ƵǸոһ
ʯ֮䣬֮ɫɫɹƮ콿ʱƮɳȥ
û⡣
׺һۣԵ˵ͷȻ˳ŲнǱ߻ɳʯܹܶ࣬ͻƳȥۡ
ͷɲǲȱģЭɡ
İ׷Сףȴδ׺ȥǸҪһǣơ
ѪһԥҲΪһͷĶһ󣬹⿿С˻ǺǣƵסѪЩɱʱҲʩչˡ
СסѪ䣬˸ǣ
סꡢϣϴ飬ǳ۸ȥҪոһƻ
һοûһô˳ˡ
֮ǰǲȱǿȻʵԶԶοΧۼĻɳʯ
𣿡
һ󱳺ɳ籩˺ȻмһЩɫ⵶ƻ侪ˣ
ԿЩɫ⵶ϮԶɳʯȺУÿһѼ⵶ܹƻʮɳʯ
ҪǣĽɫ⵶ܹϰٰѳ׷ٹ

߳һ֪Щɫ⵶ԲУȱƮˣŻɳʯȺг˽ȥ
һѽһѵĽɫ⵶Ӱ˻ɳʯȺܶʯֱӱɫ⵶ƻ
ѪС׸ոҲԲȡ˸һķӣЩɳ籩еĽɫ⵶˻ɳʯȺС
һһ鷳
׺˳ڴǰУͻȻǰϵ̫ۣ֮һͶһγǰ
ͷȻͷһ֣ʣһƬССĿռоȻ
ȫһ
׺ʶĶܣǸճֵĶȴٻһƥĽϵ̫֮籩˾˹ȥ
鼱֮£±ӣҪ˵ȥƻˣ⡣


1309 
ʱüΣ
ѪСˣһͷĹΣڵϦڵڶͷĹɢӣȥƻ
ӣ
ûκԥ£׺˸ȥ˼ˣֱתͳ֮ȥ
󣬶˵ǻԵĴ̫ͣãôһȫû
£˭ȥ۵⣿
ڵڶͷķ籩£ꡢסϡϴˣ׷ڷ籩бɢǱͬһǾǿԶżڵķ
ֻҪƻˮϵ̫֮ϣǾܹ뿪
󣬲ҪȥᣬһѾעڵڶ΢ǣһҲ㹻ƻ̫֮뿪ˡ
ͷҲ˲ԼЩȫ˳ܹͷÿһͷʽȻ壬Ƴ˿ܡ
ܹͷܣٿţֱӳŵڶͷɱȥ塢塢塭ȵȣܲɱͷ
ףҲ̫׳ȥ䱾ȴԶߡ
ϡϴ˵ЩǸĿһߣվѡ뿪׺ˣֱӳڷȥ
󣬵治Ԥϵģ̫ˣ·ʱ߹ôû֣һ־ͷ
ɫˣǲõģҲûκΰ취
ѵȫ津Ʋż󣿿û˻֪ô£Ҳֻˡ
Ҳϧ˵
ǰһ·ӣżͷһۣܷѪСˣѾɳʯȫסлеһʩչſֲƣƬΧڶ˵
ܿ죬ƾİͷܣǣס˵ڶ󣬱һˮϵ̫֮ϸǰȻѸٺϡ
ûǺˮϵ̫֮ϵٶȱ࣬Ҫѵʱٶһϡ
ڣɳʯѾǸطȥˣûʯߡ
ʱȥˮϵ̫֮飬ʱİͷܣҲѾǵڶ׷ƻ
Щܣ˵ۻ˺ܾõıһȫϣʹޱȣȻȴҲ㲻ʲô
û˿ȥץƣҪûǿɾʲôûˣ
뿪֮ǰͷһۣȴѾȫ˵Ӱˡ
û취ż̫Σˣ˭п
ϴ˵δҪͷʵ϶ѾҲûκλͷĿˡ
пܣǵȻԸˣͬʱ֣ͷһ󣬾Բܹġ
ڵžӼӼ˰ɡ
ʧ˵ҰУܿ죬ʶ֪֪ǵĴˡ
ˡ
ǳƽʵϵڶ󱻴ʱѾµ˻Ľ
ѪС׻ڻɳʯȺдУĵҲǳºܿҪֲȥˡ
ʱ˿̣ҲѾܵǿߵǿȣ֮ǰǲȱҪǿö࣬ڵܹԿľǾܳʱڶԷֵ´
ȻڣȫҲûκ壬ΪѾûȥƻˡ
ҪͷɵУȻƾʵͷĶ֡
ҲɱﵣȻǶɱﵣҲһܻҪǣͷ֮Ա߻һͷ
ΣӲƴ˵һ⣡
𣿡
ʱմ֮Ĵ֮˵Ļ̲סһô죿ǰûʲô취Ļҵи뷨
ţ˵
ЩȤ
ҵѪСλǰȻȫҵСУʩչӰ֮ͨģΪĽϵ̫֮ӦܹܿĶĿ뿪Ψһǣҵʵֻܼʮʱ䡣
˵˵ʵʮʱ䣬ºҸϵǲˮϵ̫֮ϸ
߶Զ
صʵ𰸷ǳؼܸӿǲһɵľ룬пȥĶԲ
ʮһˮϵ̫֮ϣƺʮ֮⡣
֣ش
ǻԣҲȡһʱǰнȻ˾ͲԥˣȥѪС׼
˵ͷ˵ţȻȫڰ֮ɫ֣ĺͰɫɹ⣬һڰ׵У࣬ǿЩɳʯ񣬷׷׶и˷顣
ͬתŵĵ棬ڻɳʯȺдУֶοܻĵȴǳֲ࣬˶á
һͷ󣬵ڶͷ󣬴ʱ˿̵עѾѩСϡ
С״ʱ˿ȻҪһЩΪĳĻĳͨ˶һֺ۵ʡ
Ļ£СΧĻɳʯҲٵģΪʯע⵽ֱӳѪڵĵطȥ
С׷ǳɣҪɡ
ͷҲԳѪȥûСףɼСĳЩ»ķǳЧ
Ѫ˵ͲǸϢˡ
Ѫ䱾ֻδ׵ΪڻɳʯȺдѾǳˣڶͷĹٵʱһ뵽ѵС
Ѫɫ˫ͳıѳֳѪı壬ʩչĻɳ籩Ϯ֮ʱ˲仯һ̯ѪӣΧɢȥ
ֶҲֶεһ֣һ̯ѪӺȻɢ֮󣬱ܿĻɳ籩ȻڲԶٴѪı塣
Ѫ䣬
һɻ⸽ڰ֮Ѫ˰Χ
Ѫɫ΢䣬óҪ뵽СУֻʱСжô¾Ҫͬʱͷ󡭡
죡
ԥɽ߳һߴ˵
ⶼʲôʱˣԥ
Ѫһҧֱӷſ֮СУţ㳯Сڴȥܿ콫СҲ˽
Ȼ㽫֮ļƻ˵һ¡
Ҳ˵ȥСֵܴǿǲˮϵ̫֮϶԰ɣҺڴء
СŵЦ˵
Ҳʱ䶸
ԶżڷһҺ䱬էȻ𣬴һֲĻɳ籩ΧϮ


1310 ں䱬
ԶżڷĶø׼жһ
ô£
ü췢ʵ̫ˣҪڷʲôĻǻܳǱǰ
ܿ죬ڴĻɳ籩Ϯڵķ;Ȼˮϵ̫֮϶ͷڷ籩֮ܵһЩƻ
һݣ֪Լ϶ѵֵסĿͷ籩ˣʩչӰ֮ͨɣ뿪ҪŹһ籩ǰ򣬲ҪˣԶż߰ɣ
˵ȫһ
Ҫߣ
Щ졣
ڴôҵĺ䱬ôĻɳ籩Ϯɼ϶ʲô⣬пڶѾˣҪ֪żڿǺܴġ
ݺ˵
ԭˡ
˵ͷû뵽ݺһ˵ҲԷǳ
Ȼ֪Ǳڴʲô£˴ģĺ䱬£ڱҲˡ
̽żľ϶ΪḻȻܹʱȷжϣֻҪ˵ȥͿˡ
Ǿɡ
һ̱Сз˳Ȼһ̧֣֮ȫסȫ뵽СС
ţһһɳ籩ȻϮ֮ǰ߶ͨӰ֮飬ͻȻʧˣһ󾫴Ľϵ̫֮
ֶڵǰãΪʣϵ̫֮֮ɾɳ籩һ𣬳ԶżڲƮ˽ȥ
ֻ˲䣬ɳʯ֮䴩ϰ֮ĵط
Щɳʯ񣬻϶һҷ籩֮б׻飬ͷܵһЩˡ
Σ͸޹ˣΪͷʧǰ
ʮʱ䣬ܹ߶Ӱ֮飬ģֵ̫֮ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥһ롣
ʱһҷ籩΢һٶȣڴĺ䱬ȻİôԶ˳㽫ɵĽϵ̫֮Ҳһ𴵵Զż
طȫ֪ںηڷ籩֮һж̫ңȫ㲻ġ
ȷǣ֮ǰδ֪ɭȻûҪżˡ
Χǻɳ죬ȥͼɳãȻС͵ģ֣Ѿ㹻˷ˡ
ÿһɳжбĻôɳУҲʮö쾧֮ֵܼжߣ
ȴûи˶ãΪԼ˵Ĵ
˵ֻʣôˣû취ȥ̽ɳˣɹõЩɳеĶָ뿪Զż
ʱڱ䱬Ҳ֪Ǽ˳ɹ뿪ûУ
ߣʱǰȫģΧûмκһɳʯӰӣҲûдʲôķһƬɳУԶԶƮżɳãѾ֪˶õ¡
ûеʮʱȥܵΧ籩ƽֱ˸ȫĵطָα壬ȻѪ䡢С׺ͺݺ˶Сз˳
˳ΧһۣɫЩ̫ãطȻʱǰȫˣûͷļйȴǸΣˣΪǾżĸˡ
Ȼ֮٣Ǹеɥ
ΧɳãһЩ˷ܣתһ뵽ԼĴҲ˷ܲˡ
ô죿
Ѫʵ
ֻˣʱСΧκΣգ㻹ľ̽·𣿡
˹
û⣬ֻҪǸߣ
ɫصʵ
Ҳ֪һȥ߰ɣЩɳãǻǱˣôʲôƣʱɾסˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҾҲǣȻоܿϧεջѾ٣һ԰ȫΪ
С׵ͷͬ⣬˵ЦһЦСֵܵʵȻͬ죬ķ籩жܴǷɳôԶ
ֻͨʱȽ⡭Ȼˣǰһǰɡ
ԼֶΣתƻѡǰҲ˷ʱʱ
˵ͷ̧ͷԶɨһۣȻɳмָһָȳ̽ɣûʲôĻ·
ôѡ·
СһЦ
ѡģҪ
һ۵
ûѡĻҲѡ򡣡
С׺ٺһЦ׷ڻɳƮȻ˫Ŀ΢΢˲Զɳãõλú̬еػãеȥ̽Ҳǵòʲôģᴦػơһ˵ػ֮Ӧþһżˡ
Ļȥȥ̽һ
⻰ѪЩĶȻΣգһżʵ̫ЩһǺѰסջ
˵֮ǰֻ̽ѰõĻôһżĴЩõʮ
쾧֮ĻǾʮö
ܹõǾһʼֲĲƸ
ѶҲԶ׼ģĻеķƿ϶ûҪö࣬ҪƽаѱȡѶҲҪøʮ
ҵˣҲûĴڣʹ˷ʱˡ
СЦǺǵģ˶ǲȥɳ봩жֿʼ
Զż֮˭ĶƽΪΣ洦ɼʱпָܳʽΣգɥ
£û˵ܹܣǿﶼСġ
ֺܿʹɳõм䣬ɳʮľ룬һֱûκ⡣
ֱǾֵʮ֮⣬պҪȫԽɳõʱȴͻȻһԱֵĿռϣ
һݣʱܿռϲûдʲôƣûлɳʯ֣Ҳû󱻼
ֻǣǾȴ޷ͨǲռˡ
˵һ飬þֵһԣ˵ǿռֻռһСֿռ䡣
˵ͷȻʼ߶ֿʼԡ
ڣҲֻԶԶĿž֣ҿȥȻһʲôǿɾȫ군ˡ
Ĳٿ£ʼҸ̽ͼҳһ·߿ƹǲռϵġ


1311 ʥ
ٿ£ֲǲռϸţȴûҵʲôͨȱڡ
ھҶʮﷶΧûܹκͨĵطռһȫ壬ûʲô
οǣڸôãûдκνƣôӦûʲôŶԡ
Ϊ˱þֶǿռϷ˹ʵĵͬʱն£ǲռϣ
̽ҪǻûʲôƱôԼҪȥǲռϸƻˡ
˵Ʋ⣬ǲռ֮ӦþԶżڣкöĻ϶档
ȻΣأȻˣͲܾʲôõȥ
žֵʵĵնǲռϣһǵطΧ˳ȥܿƽȴûʲô鷢
Ӻûʲô⣬ǹȥɡ
˿⾰󣬸Զ˿Ȼһػмȥ׼ȥǲռƻ
ػã˲ȥ֪ػˣ̫׳ˣҺͷĻػҲ̫ܻʲôö

˿ʼʱѪǸԶżڴ
סˣյУǰѤõĺ䱬в˿С
һԵϴ󣬴ʱΪǣըˣѪǻأ
ǲݻڣҪ׷ˣǲסԷѪǶᱻݻ٣彮ɸˣ㵣𣿡
˵˿ûаû֮ɫ
˵Ƕ˺ըԶżڣûдֻǷ˻żеѪˡ
ǱͷסܳˣҲ֮١
̾˿ҡҡͷ˵
Զż䱬ƻΧٷصѪܵˣһЩֱȷǱöһ׷һЩ
ոǿҪӽڵʱһֱ֣ڴǲò취
ûʲộֻǸսѣֻϧնԷĹУϱԻɳ籩ס޷ѣ
մԶżֻģֻʣסꡢϴĸˣ
֮׺ۿҪȲڸ䱬ˣ׷вǡ
˵ʵʱ׺ֻΪԱը֮ǵҲ˺ܶɿԽͣϾȷǲܹѪǸƬڡ
ɺңҲòʲôǣҲˡ
һջķᣬųˣر׺֮꣬ǰ籩֮ըѵʱ򣬾͵õ˲쾧֮в쵤ҩԵõһδ֪ʬ壬һջ
ֻһʵ̫ˣܹʮһδϵǿ߽УֻĸųͺݺҲûܹ
ʣѰԶżҪࡣ
ǻŻˣô۾ͳ죬ǻȥɵúúñһˣԶżѾ٣û취ȥˣֻҪʵɡ
˵
Ҫ˵Լȥ˵飬ߡ
ϴһס飬Ÿдȥ⸽һʱ䣬ڸԶżڣܳҲýӦһ
ûзȻҲһĿ
׺վһ𣬿뿪۾Ǻˣ˵ʵǻܻųĻ̫ãˣһ꣬ǵκϢ
ԶżڣҲȫһƬո𣿡
˵⻰΢΢һ̣Ȼתһȥˡ
һΣջ񣬾ûҪȥЩˣǶ˵˷ʱ䣡
ʱ䣬ȥһȻԴúգŬһΪ
ر꣬δ׾Ѿܾͣˣջ˷񣬺пһ̤߶δ׵ľ磡
⣬ۺʵҲܹõǿ屶ٵˣ˵һĽ
ӲţˣʱҶû뵽ǻὫڸըˣҪֹˡ
ϴȥ̾˿
ΧЩѪǣۿѪûгҲЩˣοոں䱬Ǿ˲١
ϴû취ֻһЩŵˣǽѪ˼ȫƬ
ȻϣãԶż⸽һأ
Ļ˶ſ죬ܹ©κһϸڣһӳҲܹһʱǰӦ
ܹĵѲƻʼˣһУԶżȴ֪

ԶżС
һ𣬺ܿ촩ػãûκܿǾǰڵĿռϸǰ
ǾͿʼˡ
˶һۣȻͬʱ֣֮˲ȥǲռ֮ϣȻǿռϵʼ߽⣡
ҲʩչֶΣռϽƻûйȥãһȱڱǰܹͨ
û˿⣬Ȼ߶֣ͨȱڣȻ󽫿ռ֪֮
ʲôûУһƬŵϢ
ֵͨӽǣܵһŵķΧַΧ֮ǰɭȻõʱеƣȴֲͬ
ռƵֵ֮ͨӽǣ˲ż֮󣬹ȻһΪֺĻɳã
õĴС˵һ̽Ļɳõʮоţռ˼һƬռ䡣
öɽϵ̫֮ɣ۳һggɳͬһֺãֺΧܹʮɳʯ񣬿ǲδ
˲ǿĻЩɳʯ᲻ᱻĻǻǷǳ鷳һ飬Ϊʮɳʯȫ߶δײΡ
Ҳ˵ֿ໥ϵĻɳʯ񣬶Ըǳ
̬Զһ˵ӦһҪĽӦʥ֮ĵط
С׹۲һӣȻƾԶһ˽⣬óһƲ⡣
Ʋ⣬һ
ȻһʥҲ൱ĹһЩǿ֮󣬻ᱻʥУܶһʥҲʥУǿԽеõһЩʲôջԱ֮ǰҪö࣡
С׼˵ȻĶ


1312 αװֶ
ȻǶһʥһ˷ܡ
ӦΣտ϶ҲǱطҪö࣬С׽˵Ҫɹʥ϶ûôףǶһˣп»ᴥơ
˵ֻҪǶһľû𣿡
ԣʱһ̧ͷСʵ
Ӧǵģѵʲô뷨
Сһüµ
һͷĶһҵǰҵܹαװɶһ̬ϢϧĶһ϶ˡ
ҡҡͷ
αװ̬ϢǾû˰ô˵
Сԣʱ˷ǶһĻɳʯܹģĻʥҲᴥưҪ˵Ļȥȡ෽㣡
ףɳʯҲУ
Щ죺ǵǿԣһ˿϶УҾαװɻɳʯ񣬿ɽöƣҲҪĺܶ¼ֲ̫áҪǧǰھͺˣԶʩչ䡣
˵طҲᣬû˰ɣ
С۾ɵ˵һӷֶһʥΣԼ󣬵˵ģôһӾͽΣյĿܽ͵͵㣡
һ
С׾ȻҲطû뵽֪ˣ֮ǰͲҪðôգҺܶӦòˣ
㲻˵

Ҳûʡ
С׼޳ܵ˵
ˣȻˣǾͱ˷ʱˡ
ѪһԴԲϾ˫ѣҲֻЦǺǵģжô˭ģ˭Ҳ֪Ȼи߳αװֶΡ
οѪҲûм֪Чء
Ǿ԰ɣȫСȥһЩɳʯȻαװһ
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ȻΪܶ࣬αװ棬ǲ࣬ʤͨӰ֮ʵ̫ˣ̽żǼõġ
СסѪ˶ûԥֱ̤뵽СУںݺȻǸԥˣ˶ȥ֮󣬺ݺһڣȻŸŽȥΪΡ
Ѿͷ
ڿɲʱҡҡͷ׼жռоʣһˣҪܶࡣ
һɳʯ񸽽ԽԽԽԽһΧ֮߶Ӱ֮飬ʯɨһɨ
ģ⻯̫֮ðӰ֮αװĵҪһЩûҲֺܼܳһʱ䡣
ģɳʯ΢˵㣬Ϊʯȫɽϵ̫֮۶ɵģαװ֮󣬶Ҳֻܳʱ䡣
СطܿͿʼҪ֪С׿һδ׵ǿߣɱȵǧࡣ
򵥵˵ǲͣĸҲټһһҹʱ䣡
طǰʦϵʱģһȴѰȥʦҲѲ
С̾˿Ϊ˸С
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˵ҲǶʱˣҪ֪ѰĴߣҲǧ꣬һѾеʮ֮һˡ
˶ûʲôĵȴ뵽ʥС
԰Ӱ֮ɨһɳʯ֮Ȼ仯ȻһɳʯģϢȻȫһҸоȥͬ߶δ׵ʵ
ȻһжǼٵģǰӰ֮ĴĳΪһġ
ܴﵽαװЧ
ڻһȺɳʯУô񾳽Ĵڣֱܷһαװɵġ
ţűʮԳ򣬳ʥǳĴŷ˹ȥαװɶһθоǳ֣ȫܶľֻгȻܹʮԳûûнţЩϰߡ
Ȼ֮ǰαװ֮壬ӲϰߵҲ΢Ϥһ֮󣬺ܿϰ塣
˵ıڰӰ֮飬ɳʯҪʶвٿصġ
Żɳʯ񿿽ʥĴſڣΧһжŰûκⷢҲûκ촫
طƺһƬžΪʥڵĵطһ϶Դ˴һЩķֶΣϧǣʯֱӱܿ˴ЩƵĿܡ
֮ǰ˶ûɳʯ񣬲ϿʥҲûдκνƣ˶˿
ҪʥûзƵĴڣСֵֶεãҪܴеõһЩСֵܾӹΰ
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ѪҲǵ˵ͷͺݺΪ˷ֹȻҲֶ֪ΣֻȻסͷһεıս۴ݣ϶Щ֮ڿȻ
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ˣǺֶεģȻڣǵǶµ֪֪Сӵֶηǳ찡
ܿ죬ɳʯ㿿ʥĴţȻһֱûʲôһֱɳʯɽȴ֮Уûκ֡
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ʥڶûĻ취ӦûˣСֵܣʥĴתưɣҵЩʲôöջСֵӦõݣ
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Ц뵽֮ǰЩˣҲ֪˶ųȥûУڴĺ䱬Ҳ֪ô£ʱ̫ԶΧȫɳ籩Ű֣޷ͨʶ֪ڴ
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ʵһʼҪְ취ˣֻǾûлŵĶһ壬ԸоӰ֮ûãȴû뵽ʯҲܹƵĽ뵽ЩС
Ҫ֪Ļ࣡
ΪȻɳʯ񲻻ᴥڵĽƣô϶ҲᴥͷĽƣ籩нơȵһϵеĽơ
һ̽ԶżͷβʲôΣգ
ľ鲻㣬ǿֶȴ֪ʲôʱܹãԺҪ֪Ӧˡ
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ÿռ伫޴ڴΧɳͨͨʥеӦûʲôһĳȻܷʲôԴ
ƹСȴͻȻȵȣкö


1313 ̫
ȻкöȻûдĵġ
ѭС˵ķһȥͼΰõ룬һɳʯ
ɳʯʯ̬ͬȻԵüΪϣĳϰٶԣҿԸܵ佨Ϸǳ̣ѰʯĽϵ̫֮
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ʯɲѰ̫֮ɣʾ޴ʯˣǿʾÿʵǷǳ޴ģ
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ϵ̫֮ʾ⣬Уʱû˻õõ˵ĻʯļֵɾͲ˵ˡ
ҲЩ⣬벻Сôۼ⣬ôԶ֮ͿʯǱ
Լʶ֪ҲǳУȴû̫ʯĲʣΪֻһѰʯء
ʯĳ࣬ұѰһĳҪö࣬óӦòǰնһġû´ĻӦǶһ̷顣
С׽˵ñȽϺõĲϴҲͺˣôⶫðײãôһʯ̺ʾľ㹻˽ȫˡ
ʯԾ޴κһԳҪ˺ϱܱ˵ܹϰٶԳ
ʯͱ壬ȫܹ֮Ϊ͡ˣ˵һʯޱȴ׳ʮɣ
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ҪʾĿɲһʱ£ҸŴӾһԡʯǻʱҪȥΪá
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⵹Ҳǡ
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ʯҪĶȡ߿϶УȻˣ͵õ뿪ʱٿˡ
СҲͬ۵㣺ðɣǾ͵Ȼȥʱ˵ϣǻǸᡣ
˵ЩĿʯҪ֪СڻûʾأȻǽϵ̫֮ģıԲϣô˵Ҳʾİ
һȥһԵϳ̶ȣϾƵĵҩǲٵġ
Ӵ뿪֮˵һɳͨУڵһ֮ͨöûκζΨͨһЩϵ̫֮۶ɵĻɳлƮ
ܿ죬һɳͨľͷ͵ˡ
ǼƷ
С׿һ۾˵ϳ˳ǰʲô
һɳͨľͷһС͵ĻɳãзŸƿƿ޹޵Ķ״ǧٹ֣ȻѾˣѾȫ˳ɳ
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֮⣬˾Ȼⶫϳˣ̫𾧣ǽϵ̫֮쵽ľ壬ѵãǿ߶ѵһ
սʱֻҪһ̫𾧣Ѱս̺֮ϵ̫֮Ϊһǿս
޾ս̫𾧣ô޾սؼʱܹ;
Ѱһö̫𾧣ͿԷֿӵʮ޾սУǿʮ޾ս
ڣһٵõö̫𾧣㹻ǿʦֱܹƳ̫Ʒˣ
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ʣ̫ӡһӵԽ࣬Խ࣬ҲиޣǶ٣ҾͲ֪ˣֻʦó
С׹˵
⻰Ȼֱӽö̫뵽ԼСУȥ֮ٽз䡣
˳׼ƷĵãȻǰ֧á

Żһһҹʱ䣬Ѿ߱еʮ֧ͨҽʮ֧ãʮ֧ȫ׼Ʒĵط
Ȼкö٣վûʲô̫𺳵ģ̫սϣͬϵȵȣܹõټÿһֵơ
սŹѫĻһö̫൱һսŹѫĲϵõٶҲ൱ڶսŹѫ
ջѾǳ˲ˣڶ̶һʱڸ㶨ģҪ֮ǰס֪ҪĽҪ
Щϵļֵ൱֮ǰʮͷδ֪ʬܺͣкܶණԼϡ
һЩϣֱӶСе֣ȥƵҩˣ֮ǰʥĹеõ߲ʾ⼶ĲϣҲ֣ƳһЩ쵤ҩӦûʲô̫Ѷȡ
αװɵĻɳʯ˴룬ǱһΪȥ̷Ĵʯǰ
ˣҵĹˣٹһʱ䣬Ͳٴˡ
Сʱ˵ջ񲻶಻٣Ҳ̰ˣʯ˾˰ɣȥһĳڣϣܻųȥ
š
˵ͷҲоС׵Щ֧֪ڲǼ̽ȥʱˣʥеʮƷöѾһ飬Ҫ̽ûطȥ
ҲֻܽʯȡˣʯǰʱЩ㷲ĸо
ʯ񣬱ϾǶһ̷飬ȡߵĻû
Ȼµͷˣɲֻʱһ׼̽ȡԼ㵽Уܹ޶ȱԼ˵İȫ
ȻֶΣһóͺյס֣ջˣԲͷ϶óȻõġ
Ǿ׼ˡʯ񣬸ҽ
֮ӿʯסȻһ㽫ʯ͵ԼСյУ
һ̣ƺûʲô鷢Ϣ֮ʥʼ·Ҫ׵һ㣡
ߣ
˲Ӧʥ֮ȥ


1314 ɳ֮
ϧǣ̷ӦҲˡ
αװɵĻɳʯ񣬸һת򣬽ŵµĻɳͻȻȥͬʱһ
κηĻᣬֱӽ·ȥ˵ȥľ޴Ӷ֮У
Сģ
˸ԾǸӾ裬һκΣս٣϶㹻ʱȥӦȡġ
õǣܿαװɵĻɳʯںڰдӵĵײͨ⾹Ȼһ¹
ȡʯʥȻ˻أ˵¹֪¹ԶһǺεҪĵط
ǽʡˣ֣ǰ߰ɣҵҪ¹еЩʲô
Сһ˵ţһ߷һö޾ҩö޾ҩ£Ѹٻָָܿ˴룬ٴ֧Űʱ䡣
һһҹȥСĹˣָĵҩҲڽʱ̲Żóõġ
ڣѾǵ˽ʱ̡
õҩĻС׽ߣܹ޷αװɳʯ״̬˵ͻᴥһЩµĽƣȫ¹С
ԣöҩǱҪõˣֵƣεջʵҲ㲻ʲôˣСȻ᲻õġ
ţһƬڰĵ¹УͻȻ˸һƬĽɫâ¹
Ҳһ¹еЩʲôҰеĳ˶ʶۣЩǰ
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һȥµò߼ʣһֱ쵽ңԶĺڰ֮УµУȻ鲼һһڵĻɳ֮ף
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ңЩѰδףֺǿĴڣҲܹԽս߶δ׵ĲΡ
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һĹľԽϵ̫֮ɵĻɳɣÿһڹľͬһͼ״ԲΡ
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ȻȻмصûд
Сһţƺⳡ𺳵ͬʱҲȷһЩʲôϢ


1315 ֮Ĺ
С׵֮УҲ˽һԶżôһ¡
ǰͶһսѾɿСϣعһЩ飬Ǿǹڶһ
ʱֵĶһʵԶԶһʵƺǶһ屾ʲôʣԺһߡ
ҿʼϼ˵һͬʱϰǿߣʱһţڿҲˡ
С׸п˵
ԭˣϧ鱨ûʲôá
ݺͷʵЩǿߵĻɳ֮ô죬Ҫ𣿡
ش߹ľɣֻҪν򿪣Ķʬȡ߾Ϳˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҲŶ˼߹ľ˵ûʲôãľеʬǣȴǺõģٴȥսŵĻ϶١
սŵõЩʬǣҪоһЩ˽һЩһĻܿ˶Ťתսֵ
ԣʬֵǳߵģʬǾͿԴڷǳԶʱ䣬Ǿ£ǰЩǿ߹ľп϶ʬǣ͸֮ǰɭȻеһ
뷨ҵǾԶżУ϶ɭȻãδ֪ʬǡ
Ѫ²˵֮ǰֻһϾһôǿƣѺֻôʮͷҲƺ̫Сˡ
лᣬǿȥΧҿ
СЦŵ˵ͷδ֪ʬǣɱЩͬĶһʬҪĶ࣬Ͼһٶʮͷһ̫ͬоֵȻûôˡ
ȻͬĶĻǿܶ飬õıƻû֮ģֵеģֻǻսŹѫĻûδ֪ʬôˡ
벻ǻջǡ
Ѫ̲סҡҡͷֻҪ뿪ҵһڣܻŰЩȥⱲӿɶ÷ˡ
һٶʮͷһʬǣʵһʼֲĲƸսżһ𣬶ûеõôʬǣ
һͷʬǣǻǧսŹѫͬǧĻôһʬǣǶʮڡ
ֱ֡
Ǽ뿪ˣǻţȻҲûʸֵЩģҲ˵ʣƽֵĻÿҲнڡ
ǿߣƺڻɽλ¶һ֣Ϊû˵õôʬǡ
ƺڴУֻһƫԶСطֻô
˶̲סЩпڿɲǸпʱ
ٿػɳʯǰ˵һ͸ϢĻɳ֮ףȻһͷһʬǣ
һʬǣѸó˳ֻʣͱȻţһЩǣǶһǰƽڡ
֮ʬǰȻԼСУרſٳһռá
Ȼɳ֮УȻ̫ƷĲк̫Ʒȫǽϵ̫֮ԣƻ˳һ롣
ͷսĹģ̫Ʒȫƻ˹
ҡҡͷ̫Ʒֱľоûʣˣʱģܹ֮ʣľֻ̫ƷĲкˡ
΢ͣһ֮˷ֲû鷢
ǴЩľûʲô⣬ɡ
ѪһЦߴ
Ȼȷûʲô⣬Ȼ˷ʱ䣬οʼ򿪵ڶĹľ
ľ֮УжһʬǶͬС죬һģ͸һĲ࣬ȻҲвģӦսбٵһ֡
Щͱ嶼ѳ룬ǶĴɢ䣬ЩľлǿյģֻСӡǲк
˼Щһʬǣͷ·ǰЩһս龰Ѫȴֻʣ޾Ĺ¼źͲ
һٶʮһľѹΣܳһʱ䣬һٶʮɳ֮ȫϵʱǽ뵽¹ĹѾȥʱʱ䡣
СѾĬĬٴηһö޾ҩö޾ҩǱˣֱӲԼָһʱ䡣
Щɳ֮׶ܹ֮ռ˾ʮͷһʬǣҲ˵жʮɳ֮ûдʬǣǶʮͷһսʬ޴档
⣬õ˺ܶСкܶ޾ս̫ƷĲкȵȣջΪеİٷ֮һóȥһЩ߶δ׵ǿߣܹöԷϲˡ
ڣȴһӵõô࣡
Զżֵ̽õģôΣգڿǿྡˣȻһжǻܹҵ뿪ͨ·ǰ¡
ڲ뿪ˣȥҲûʲô壬Ѱҳȥ;ˡ
ѪһľеĶ˿Ȼ˵
ǰһȻǶһҪĵط滹ĴڣϾǰ滹ûе¹ľͷ
ȴָָۣľ֮ĺڰ顣
̽δ֪ʱ̰ľǴɣرջѾ㹻ˣټǰðղ׵
ϸ˼һ£ǰҪðķȴ
ܹαװɻɳʯһֱڣĹжûκΣգɼαװЧġ
㲻αװЧҲطûʲôΣյĻأΪβǰԣ
һ˵ʥĹ֮ĵط棬һСĵط̽ż
С׳ǵһԶżҲôӦҲǸСĳ;пܹһЩϵ̫֮֮ʾҲ˵
Ȼֻǲ²⣬Ӧǰ˾ŲʮģҪעǸСĳ϶Ҳ׼ƵģǿܵͨʲôС
ѪɨһȻʵôȥ
ȹȥɣʲôֱ뿪οо޷ֵΣգ⴫ĶҲ϶ܹƽ
һЦ
Ȼô˵ʵǲôҪģϾĶοҲ֪һ鷳
Ǿ͹ȥɣôһΣߵ׻Щġ
Ҳͷͬ飬ЩԾԾԡ


1316 ʥ
˶ûʲôںݺѾԹ쾧ܾ֮ˣδ׿ҲѾԶˡ
һʥ֮УЩƷлǵõ˲쾧֮ģԺݺȡһЩ
ΪʵǱȽϵͣûİӰֶ֮ͨΣжмûӳʲôΪܡ
Ҳ٣Ǿ͵쾧֮һ磬˵һδδ׵Ļ̫СǵĲ࣬ҲľǿһЩ˵ؼʱ̾ͻˡ
ȻСУȻǻɳʯŸĺڰȥ
ɳʯǰ˴ʮҵľ룬ѾԽųһŵһٶʮһľһ󵭵Χɢǰĳ
һȽŵĻɳţǵǰȻɳϣ̻·߸׶״ЩϤӡ
߸׶״֮ǰõ̫𾧵״𣿡
ݺһ۾ͿˣЩ졣
һ˵ôеϤأȷ̫𾧵״ѵҪţ͵ö̫𾧷ýȥ
С׵˵ͷ²˵
ƽʱҪö̫ȥһδ֪Ĵţûκ˻Ը⣬ڣǸոյõ̫ҲʮöڻѵöҲʲô
οҲȴֻǿʱҪ̫𾧣֮󻹻Ὣ̫𾧷ء
һж˵׼ж˵İģҪո˵ǻ治طжǿֶΡ
ʩչİӰ֮飬ɱﵾŶӰȫϡ
˶˾֮˵ͷԼαװɵĻɳʯ񣬽ö̫𾧶óȷɣʹ䳯ȴϵ߸׶Ƕȥ
̫𾧺ʹϵĿ׶״ȫһǶȥ֮žûʲôгĵطҲƶˡ
Ҳʱ򣬴ö̫֮Уһ󾫴Ľϵ̫֮ӿ˳׷ӿȴŵ·УȴŶʼɢ⡣
貽âʶ۾Ȼͼȴڽõ𽥴ŷбһɫâ˶ʱۣȫ޷
Ƭ֮󣬰׹ɢȻɳѾȫͷö̫𾧣ȻѾȫĹˣһûʣ¡
ڻɳŴ֮չǰľȻһ͵İ׹⣬źƮţŰ׹£˸źЩʲô
ô£һŰ׹⣿
˶Щ֣ԣ֪׹ʲôõģóȻеĻ»ʲôΣգԶû
ؼʱС׾վ˳֣͵ѻʬǵĵطиֶοѲ䣬˵ļ䡭˵ԴЩʬһЩʲôõϢ
㻹ֶΣ
һֶοˣȻ˵ļ䣬ˣ
ֶΣҲ֪óǡ
Ѫһ䡣
СȴǺٺһЦҲлóаطǳһʥĹڣмһҲûУȫǷضѣǵȻǲκμˡ
˵Ҳԡ
εҡҡͷ֮ǰɭȻеʮͷδ֪ʬǣҲǳѺǵУֱ֪ԶżʲôҲʲôõϢ

СЦֶķǳǱҪĻҿ϶ʩչģһһĺ֢Ҿ˵ɣڿǱһЩļˣҲֻǿߵļ䣬пܱôԶʱ䣬Ҳ϶ֻʣǵļƬˡ
Ա˵ͷȻƾ֮СֱٳĶռ䡣
ռУոѹľʮͷʬǶķţС֮󣬱ֱӿʼʩչֶΡ
ʵҲֻҪѣôԶʱ䣬ļ䣬¶ѾɢĲˣҲֻֻǵõһŰɫâļϢпС֪ȴŵоЩʲôܲܽеȵһϵе顣
ڵȴС׵ϢСǶռдߵǣִߵ⣬ܵõһֵӣӦþСҪˡ
һʮͷһʬǣС׶ûκջЩʬûκμϢһļƬûС
ֱʮͷʱ򣬲ɫһϲ˵ջ񣬲ܿȴֿҡҡͷǷļʥ޹ϵɡ
ÿܱŵļ䣬ضǰҪǣҵˣȻǿֻһĻл̫ܻйʥϢ
СûоѾʩչֶΣĵѾĵˣ϶ҪǿʬڶһС
СеȴţǾ۲ȴ֮ڣȴʼ޷͸ǰɫâȥڲֻա
ʱСȴҲѾһɫϲɫһЩõķ֡
֮С׽˻ȻСױȲ˵ˣҵڶͷʬǣ˱Ƚ϶ļʥҲֻ
ͨС׵˵֪˹ʥһЩܣ
Ȼ֪Ҳȫ棬ΪСױûʥȫ䣬ʬеļǴ˲٣ǹǰ¼ǣҵĶʥֻ΢һ㡣
һ㣬Ѿ˵õ˺ܶϢ
ԭʥǶһӢ۵֮أСҪʥʥУһ̫أϹŷܹԴԴѭϵ̫֮
ͨս뵽еĶһС̫ԡһʱȻ򵽽ϵ̫֮
Ҳֻжһи츳Сʸϵ̫֮ĴѾԶԶԽеһõĴ
̫֮лûʲôضĵطܹˣʥУȴһ̫أ
Ϊķ֣С׵Ż֮ã˵Ĳǽϵ̫̫֮صķ֣˵Ըı档
̫ܽشȥô⽫ǼֵԶԶʬǵĶ
оֵʬǣܹ˶սŹѫôżʵ̫أֵܴﵽ٣
Ȼõ̫أ˭ܽ乱׸սˡ
ƾ˽һǴ´ģܹչ׳󵽳Խ˵ĳ̶ȣ


1317 ս
ʣ̫صϢǸ˴˼ѪһǶ˷
С׽ȥ˵ȴЩˣΪҪ̫أҪһսУսŰɫâ
κ˻뵽Űɫâ֮УᱻһþУȻһԼһģһǿֻнǻܣʸ̫ء
ڼ䣬СǲܱɫâģǰɫâнΣԣÿ˶սܴڱ˵Сбȥ
Щ㷣ҲЩ飬ΪܴȥС磬ʹܽȥ
һһʲôΣգʧȥıֶΣִ̫ڣ治ܹӶ
ȻˣǵȻܹ
µǲҪ£սκǹƽĻȻһǿͨҲͨŶԡ
Сװο˵
û˭֪ͷûʲô壬רЩߵģ
ѪΪᣬ֪ȥȥá
̫أܹ򵽽ϵ̫֮Ҫȫ϶ҪѺܶʱ䣬㶼пܣܹȫ㶨ġ
˵õİ취ǽ̫شߣҪһ϶ͨսѣпʲôغ
Ҫǰ̫شߵĻһⶼˣϧûܹõ
Ӧǲʲôġ
Сʱ˵ǿߵĲУ̫زֻжһһʱ򣬻һЩѺţҲһμս
СⷬҲͷˡ
ȻҲôӦûزŶԣô˵ҪˣΪϵ̫֮ô˵Ҫġ
ܹϵ̫֮ľҲȫϵ̫֮ĻʾĵٶȽǳ࣡
ǸݴĻᣬȻ˵Ҳˡ
˾ͲرˣС׻Ѫ䡢ݺڶûȫĳϵ̫֮ԶԽϵ̫֮ҲΪڴ
Ƚȥɣʲô⣬ϳɡ
˵ӻȡһɫʯСӡǣڲܽȥֻܽͷȻҸ˿ˡ
㱣ܰɡ
ݺЦ˵Ҳȥˣϵ̫֮òǺܴ󣬶ʱҲ̫࣬ǱСӡǺˡ
л
ȻºݺԼӡˣΪ˻ҪһֲпҵԶżĳڣڵ뿪ֱ
οҲźݺΪˣֵطˣʲôСĻСֶΡ
Ȼ㽫ӡǽ˺ݺĿУαװĻɳʯз˳
ϢʥУȴδʲôƵĴ˶˿Ȼ󣬾ͼȴ֮İɫâ˹ȥܿûɫâ֮С
ţһֱûʲôˣСҲ˵ǰɫâгֵĽǻþսȻûʲôġ
ʧˣͻᱻͳҪǳɹĻҲһʾǵſͺˡ
СЦ˵
˶˵ͷϸ۲Űɫâȴֶʱڿ²ʲôˡ
ݺֿʼ쾧֮δҲѾˡ
Źһʱңȴ֮İɫâͻȻ˸һɫâָֻ֮ԭ״
С׹ɹͨսѾ̫ˣϧû취Щʲôȥ׼ȥһԲ
ţȻǰոճȥûʲôƱҲҪαװɶʯˣҶɡ
˵ͷȻ󽫾ȡ˳ͬǽ˺ݺ
ɳʯĲٿºܿʧȻĸ˵ӰվȶһʥŸǰͬģûдκνƣ֮Ӧûʲôƴڵģ˶˿
ݺ֮ʹ̤ǰɫâУȥսһ¡
ݺס֣˵Сġ
ţһġ
֣صĵ˵ͷͷһۺݺ˫βסĵ֮ɫЩӡ
ãʲôʱôˣĺˣµġ
һѪ俴źݺӣɿһԼģǾȣΪǴδݺӹ
֮ǲһ
Ҫܣ
Ȼݺָֻıɫһ֮һڣȥɣ㡣
ʵҲʶҪȽȫĽϵ̫֮ôҪĵʱ϶٣һ궼пܡ
Ȼôʱ䣬Ҫ֮Ҫһܷ̫شߣܣһͲˡ
ȥ֮ǰԼɹ̫أдһʱҪҪȻ˲һֱȥοʱԽԽпܷʲô⣬ûôʱȴ
ȻҲһʱ䣬սɹĻ
ܿ죬㳯ȴŷ˹ȥһײŰɫâ֮УȻǰһƬ˸ԼһƬûб߼ʵա
յУԶȫǽɫɳ˸ó뼫ԶȫȫգûκζĴڡ
һһģһĻ󣬳һ֮յУһƮţƺڵȳ֡
Щ鷳ĸһģһͿ϶ܹʩչ۵Щͨʩչȴʩչ
оһƣΪʩչ۵ͨþĽıԷȴҪ˼أ
һ˫սͱ÷ǳ鷳ˣ˵ǳôܸȴ򿴲С
˵ǻ󣬵ɲǻһɫâǽ뵽˻þˣˣԴǾˡ
ȶ𡭡Ǿɡ
䱸һֱһھϢɫ֮գת˲ţ
Ϣֶ̽ΣΪĲಢ㣬ǱȽĶ֣һھϢܹˡ
ֻڣȻһھϢܹģ͸ҪþϢ̽һˡ
һھϢǻȫû˿ԥֱһ̧֣۳һսϡһһף
ЩֶԼõķֶΣʱԷֱӴ߶ȻɵĵֵסĵһھϢ
ԭҵķֶôǿ
ҲһϾսĵϳ̶ȲߣΪսϵЧôء
ڿʵˣֵܹͬľϢƻ޾Ʒ似ЧԲף


1318 ˽Լ
ʩչ˵һУԼ˽һΡ
ս壬Ȼ粻ǺܸߣսҲߣΪ޾Ʒ似ӹɵġ
֮֮ǰûôܵΪԵǱԼǿܶĶ֣ǵȻʲôֶζûʲôõЧˡ
һھϢȻԼսķǿȣⲻò˵֮ϲ⣬Ҳ˸뷨
ȻǰԼһģһΪβֶζʩչһ£ӶԸ˽Լ
ƽʱʱûʲôᣬ˵Ǹսȴ˽ԼõĻᣡ
뵽Щ˷ֲսһʱҲΪطԸõ˽Լɡ
ֻսƾڵ壬޷ģΪǻֶȫһģһս˼·һҲԷʹһֶӦԡ
ǰûмƵĵطܾЩ覴ãֻվǲԼ
ڣͬ
һֶΣ嶼ҪȽֻ֪ܶ࣬ҪǾսĶһһţ϶ԼһЩ˽⡣
Ժ֮ľܹõİסص㣬Լʵں˵ʵ̫Ѻˣ֮£ߵûôˡ
ᣬ϶Ҫץסġ
֣֮
һ̧֣ȫۣмһɵʾģٻ׹ֱۣǻֱӽȥ
ԼҪôǿнЩ׹ֱۺ飬Ҫôʩչֶζȥ
Ȼǻ뷨ҲˣȵǣȻһɫǻз˳ȻУ
ǻив޶£һֱһˮϵ̫֮ǻֱߵԱߡ
һ˲ƣֱӶ׹ֱۣ
һ̧֣׹ֱ۲δʹʧǳŶԷ׷ɱȥȴҲףԷӵУƾ׹ֱ׷ٶȣ϶ǲܴõԷˡ
ʱǻͳ˷
ᣡ
ˮϵ̫֮Ȼ𽥹һУܹʩչǿƻֶΣ룬ôʣԼҲֻ·һġ
㿪
ԥ˾
еҲֱӷ˳һɫ⣬մԽ˲˸˰֮ĵط
ͬʱΪǿֱӴ߶֮ıԴ֮
˫ʵֶһģһܹռȻԷ˵ĻܹռݵһЩơ
ǰɱĻҪʤûôˡ
֮壬ǿһֶΣȴ֪Լֶֿεķжǿ
ǺԼ˵صľ֮壬Ը״̬;ܹЧĵֿ
ԣҲǺȷԼľ֮壬ܷöԷ뵽Ƭ̵֮С
ܿͳˡ
壬ǿõĿֶΣҪκǰöҪκûκףͿֱʩչЧǳǿ
ΨһȱܾǲܹͬһĿʩչˣֻҪйһΣԷͻߡ
ľ֮壬ǺЧĵֵƵֶΣϧǣֻѾ֮˵أȻû취ȫֵס֮Ч
һ˲䣬㱻֮˵ھ֮ԵʣԷܱ̫ʱ䣬ֻһ˲Ҳ㹻ûռơ
ֻϧ뷨̫һЩ
壬ҪûƵʱ򣬶Էȴǻɫ⣬ֱӳϮ
ԷҲʶģȻҲսҽ壬ȻԶ
һڸսܹ˶ɹһΣʱڣеıȷҪȫ١
ϧǣͬҲУ
˫ֶһģһԷзϮҲֱӭȥɫ˲Ӵײһˮϵ̫֮˲䱬
ûȥеײרעڶԸǱסĻ
ʱޣҲʩչʲôǿֶΣֻܶϿսϿʥȪȫƿֱ֮Ӵ߶˶ϿվɱֶΣ
Լ˽⣬ԶԶԱ˽⡣
ϿվɱУöϿʥȪֱϮԷڣһӱܸԷش
֪Լ㣬ϿʥȪУ˲Ϯ˻ĵڴ
ɫУ˲ǻڷ˽ɱ
Ȼ似ֻ̫żģǶϿʥȪȴ޾սҸҲ΢Щϣʱ˿̣˫˫
ֲĽɱǻĵ඼˲Сˣʱ򣬾ЧʧԷֱ˹
Ѫͼ
ûиԷκλᣬֱȡѪʥͼһѪɫֱӽǻһпֶΣ
ľ֮ؿɲġ
壬ֻס˶Էһʱ䣬Ѫͼ͸һգ۱㱻߽֮ˣûܹʲôƵЧ
ţͻȻӦҲϸ룬ֱʩչ˰Ӱ֮ͨޣ
ȻһǻȻһʩչ˾ֶ֮ΣҪסȻ
ֻϧ磬ֱӻޣص޿ռ䵱УöԷǳһ˲˸գ
Ȼ״ָ̬һֱ̧۳˾ģʩչƷԨ
ŵڿռѷ˲䳯ǻȥǻʱڵˣȻûжҲܵһ谭
ѪʥͼԷȡ˳ȻʩչѪͼ
ѪɫͼֱӽԨֵƬ̣ʱǻһ̻ޣǰʧ
֪ԭԼô鷳
ƲƲ죬֪Էڻޣ϶ûô׳֣϶Ҫħ֮ĵЧ͵ﶼȫָòС
һǰЩ΢ƣҲȫˡ
ԶȻڲϲĹ̵Уˮϵ̫֮ɵĲƲײ޴
һֱϵС飬ԼгŶԷ޵ĵط˹ȥ
Ӱ֮黯ޣܹʱ䲢ǰ׼׼
Էƾ谵Ӱ֮αװһʲôģͨƿؼӳ˾֮⣬ܹԷֱҳ
ԣԷҪȡʱָˣҲֻлһ;ˡ
ֻϧ취˶ã˽⻹ǱȽģֻ֪Է״̬ܳԶܵʲôط
ʶֶ֪ܷԷĴڣڵһӾ뵽˱


1319 ҶԿ
û취ֶԷڣֻвʩչռ䴩͸ˮϵ̫֮۳ɿռУвͻ̡
ܴܲõͲĿǷΧˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼ˱ʵ϶˵ȴҲһõĻᣬΪԷˣħ֮ˣôڳˡ
ڳ֮ʲôǻҪ˵
Ŀ˶ԷУһڻҪȥСϧȴѾˡ
ɡ
һֱӳŶԷзɹȥսȭͷϣǰУ
бǿɶ㿪ģҲʱ߶ֱͷų˾
֮Упռģˮϵ̫֮ȫס޷ãҲûа취㿪ȥˡ
Ҫƽ򣬵и취Ǿþ߽֮ͨһȱͿˡ
ȻڻڶˣȻܳʩչ֮ͨ
һԷб㱻ֻӲĿսȭڣ
һȭսɱȥֱӱҷɣƬռб֣ȫ˰裬˱ͼ֮⣬ûκοΪĵط
Ϊбȫˮϵ̫֮
һȭȫսʢսƣֱӿʼۼ˵ƻȻһ£
ʱкô˫ֶһģһȶþ壬Էòָȡʱ䡣
ȻĴǽսƸֻҪܹӵһ̶ȣѹԷǿսƵĿ֮
֮ǰԸѪһСӳʱ򣬾˿սƣһʼһֱԷ̧ͷɼսһ֮ǿơ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬սƵӵ߲㣬ôԽսȫκ⣬ϣܹһֱƵȥԼӵĲΡ
ȻҲֻϰˣʵϸģοսƵӲﵽһ̶֮ҪٵȥѶȽӣƵȥ
ͬȼֵĶսУ볬ԼһĶսʱ򣬿սһӵ߲㣬ôƽ᳹׵춨Էûκλ֮
ΪսǿսĵŨȺǿȣͬʱӵľпսķ͹
սƵսȭڵսϵķҲֱȫλǿ
ھǴ⣬սȭжԷû취Уֱһսƣ
ǰһȭڶӣȫսĸǿʢʩչսĵʱǿ
ȻԷǰиʶˣҲҪʲôˣԣпʼھеҷɣȡ򵽡
Է壬Ҳʼļ˰ɣֻϧԷڻָ͵ʱӦǲܳ
һҲȥŶԷ֮ǸƴҲǿ϶ƴġ
ԣԷҲֻĿϵӿսƣһȭһȭ¶Էв϶ȴҲȫ㿪Ŀսȭڡ
ڣٶȼ죬ھУиȲ̶һʱȥܹʮȭʮȭϣսƵӵʮ㡣
Ҳ˵ȫĿսѾһʼǿʮ
һֲ֣Ҫƾѹ֣ǲ㹻ģһ㣬Ҫȥ
ϧǣԷҲȥʱˡ
ʱ򣬶ֻħ֮ģ˵͵ָãȻ뿪޿ռ䡣
Էմ޿ռгСǿҴˮϵֱ̫֮ӳŶԷȥ֣
ûиԷκε׼ʱ䣬ΪԷָ͵Ҫʱ䣬Сǰ׼ᡣ
Է޿ռгʱպñ
ֲˮϵ̫֮У˲Ϯֻ˽ȥԷʩչһЩֶεĻºܿҪɥС
Ȼָָܹɵ
ȻǻոձУ̾һʩչӰ֮ͨ˶ͬαװˮϵ̫֮
һУԷͲܵκˣҲ˽⵽ԼյЩֶεжôѲ
ڣѾոյΪǿһƣƣڼѾöԷԷ̵ĳ̶ȡ
ʮǿȵĿսģֻҪܹԷһ£ܽԷֱӸɵҶԷľƣ޷˺Ϊ͸Ŀսϣ
С鷢ᣬ𽥼ˮϵ̫֮ʼƽ
ʱ򣬶ֻڴһԳ˳»һΣȻһ̧ʩչ˾֮ͨ
ھ֮쿪һӱ㽫߽Ȼȳ˱еС
ôȭͷеûܵʲôˣֻĿսȴѾˡ
սȭڣ
ûκԥͷǳǻһȭȥ
ǻʶд߶ˮϵ̫֮˲ƣȻƿأȴǰյ˶Է˲ƵĿĵأͬҲСİ£ǵط˲ƹȥ
ԷŸո˲Ŀĵس֣ȭͷŵۿžҪڶԷϡ
Ҳʱ򣬶ԷڼѾ޾Ʒĳս㵽ڲȥ
һȭֱӺ˶Էıϣ͹һȴҲ˵˿ȥ
̫󣬶Էʱֱӽȴδ˿£ȭͷͳȥ
УٶĿ󣬷׳ΪӿսƵĹߡ
źȭսƱӵʮ㣬ʱȴͻȻоһɭƺԷʩչʲôܹвֶΡ
ʲôأѵǾ۵ͨ
в²⣬ȴҲֻǲ²ѣΪֻսһֱʶ֪оĶ
ԣδд󣬶ʱ׼ʩչֶӦԡ
ţԼ˸⣬ȻǶϿվɱֶΣԷҲҪƾشһ
ϾֱӳڵĿֲֶΣۿսϣǵֵסԷ͵Ϯ
ȻԷͬʽԸȻǲеģֲԷıԴ֮סˣԶϿվɱܹʩչֶεģ
ޣ
ԥĻޣӰ֮ͨ߶δԱ֣߳һֱִ̧߶֮֡
İ׹ֱ۴гֱ֣ӽԷĶϿʥȪսסʱ޷ٶ


1320 ͨ
ִ֮߶ԷĶϿʥȪ׿ס
밵Ӱϵ˵ʮʩչĸֶζǿҵĸʴЧʱ˿ֱ̣֮㽫ǶϿʥȪϸʴ
ϿʥȪȻ޾սʱ˿ҲЩܲס𽥱丯ʴƻ
ͬʱŶԷȭһȭһȭ֮ϣ˵ʱ޷ƻȴϵĿսѸٵӵ˵ʮ㡣
ſսƵǿȭƻҲԽԽǿÿһȭͬһҵĻζһ¡
ܿ죬ԷһǿķӲܴݻ
ţ㿪ʼתҪʩչˡ
С飬ߣ
ڶԷʩչƵͬʱһֱ̧֣ӱСͷŵˮϵ̫֮ΧȻ˲ƶ
Ϊ˸ոնԷǰ֮ʱ˿˲ƶĿĵأֱ趨߸ͬĵص㣬Ȼѡһ֡
ԷܹͨƿԤ֪˲Ƶص㣬Ҳõ߸ͬĽһԷҪȷж˲Ƶһط͵ȫˡ
˲߶ͬһ޴ת꣬˲ƿն
ϧֱ˲ƶ㿪ҳ߸ͬص֮һԷȻͨƿظ֪߸ص㣬ȴҲû¶˲Ƶص㣬ֱײһص㣬ûܹκв
ֶβԺ˲Ҳְ취Էû취׽ҵټˡ
΢̣ҵһ˲ֹܶƵĺð취ܶʱ˲ƶᱻԷӶ൱Ѱ·ҵ취Ͳˡ
ԷһУعͷʩչƣһΣƺͷЩͬ
һҪʩչɱ𣿡
һܵӶԷ͸ĲͬѰϢ̶̾ȵľ
ͻȻ䣬һƬɭȻȻӶԷƮɢ˳ͬһ˲佫ΧĿռС
ֶȻϤˣȻ֮
֮Уֵжƣʶ֪ٱǿ൱ڵξ֮Чǳ£
ʱ˿̣ԷȻҪ֮ͨ׼ȷĲ׽Ķ
ͬʱٴתڷȻͬʱˮϵ̫֮ѾԷǣֻҪ˲ƣһ˲ơ
ڣøոַһˣΪԷʶ֪ǿ˰ٱټϾ֮ļӳ֣Ƕ趨˲ƵصԻҲû취Էƭߡ
ΪֻҪһԷ֪̾Ķ趨ٵصԻûãԷʶ֪Ѿǿ˿ƽһ۷ĳ̶ȡ
ڶͨ𡭡
ҧأԷԶþ۵ͨȴСĽɲڵľĽֱӱ
ؼǣھĽлűӡδ֪ڣǶʮǧյ󷨲ܹӡ϶ʲôѰ֮
ĽǶǺпܳ
գɲȥð
ʱ˿̣ԶԷƣûʲôԷķˣȻ㲻ǾӲϣ
ȭͷŨǿĿսӲ˷Ȼֱӳڴȥ
ΪڷƵʱ򣬻Ҫһ׼ʱ䣬ʱڣǴڰ״̬
Ȼʱ̣ܶҲǿԻӳȭԼĿսƣ
ҪǣҪӲƣǾԽԶԽõģԽԽãƸոշʱֵǰһٶ쵽һ̶ȣ޷ֵ
һ˲䵽ǰоƿؼӳ־֮⣬ûܹԷ֮θ֪
٣֪ԷȻûġ
׼ȷ˶ԷϣȻӶȭͷȭֱȥʱ顱졣
һ̣ھҪڿ籩Ϯ֮ǰֱӴ߶˿սϣֶΣϵʮ߲Ŀսƣǹ
ˣ
һ죬˶˲䱻Էײɣսȴǲû飬ǳסˣԷ⹥Ƹֵ
սƵǿĹͷϧսϻߣҪȻĻЧӿֲ
ˣֵʽҲѾ㹻ˣ˲űײɣ͸ûȥͷһ˲䵽ϡ
Ȼսȭڼȥսһ㣡
ȥܿܽսȻǵõѿսƵӵܸߵĳ̶ȲС
ԷȻô޴һֱȥ
ʱ򣬼Ȼ֮ˣôͨԷ϶ҲҴʲô˼ˡ
İ£
һְ£ȻһƬ֮Уŵʣŵ죬ɫ¹˲ҫϡ
һɭȻϢ˶һа͸뵽Ǿ񹥻ֶΣ
֮ǰûжùֻǵİµ֮ͨڲԶЧҲǷǳϤ
ʱ˿̣Կ϶ͨһ־񹥻ֶΣȻž֮ıǿȵľ񹥻ȻЩ㱣ԼҪսѪ嶯
ֳ嶯Ʒɺ֮Ѫ࣬ԸоƷɺ֮Ѫȫİͨġ
仰˵İ²Ǿľ񹥻ֶΣƷɺ֮ѪֻǸݾİҪôǽ̸£Ҫôʱ㶯һµġ
֪İͨľ񹥻жǿ
˫˲䶼ͨ죬ãھ֮ı£ǲδȫɥʧǼΪѵļ
ֻҲѾȫӰ쵽ֵսڣ֮ǰĿսƣҲʱͻȻ裬Ȼʼȥ
һʼĵʮ˲㣬̶һʱ͵㣬ʮĳ̶ȣϵת䣬ʧܵķбȥ
Уͨʵ̫ǿˣͨĻ˷ҿ϶
ҧأ˫˸ͨ죬Ȼʱ˼֣΢˼һս
ǣͨĻԷмַԽѹƣ״
ȻԳϣȴȷʵǿֶξǾ۵ߴֻͨܲͣĶðˡ
ڣֲͣĶͨһӾͽеת˹ȥ˿Լ
ȻûҪԼˡʲôֶΣܶóɣ
ҧأ̧ͷھĴĽڵڳױ


1321 
ѹʩչͨͷѾ̫̫ãڿԲö룬ȫóˡ
ΪڣҪҲ֪Ҫγ˳Ƭþ
սȥĻ˵ֻ·һȻǾֻиԷһʩչͨˡ
ûʵҲûа취ѡѡ
ȱİµľ񹥻Ӱ죬Ƕƽһ˲ѣȷľˣ
ˣ۵֮ͨһĽ֮۶ɵ򣬹֮ͨı塣
ͨʩչЧĽ֮ǿʵ
Ѱ˱Ľ֮ҪСܹǲ̫ܳʱġ
˲һ
֮ͨͨƽｫĽ֮һ𣬹ؼʱڱǿʵǿʮϣ
൱þƾ磬ΪĻþͬм޵еĴڡ
ʱ˿̣ҲˣĽĽ֮ȫ£˲ʮ
ڵң൱λ׵Ϊ֮ľЧͬǿʮԷľİ±κβˣ
˫жʱָ飬װ˶ԷİµľƣѪͷһζɢڲٽš
ԱˣԷȻҲԡ
ոջָûиԷκηӦʱ䣬ֱʩչ˲ػͨ޾ճľ˲乹һĥĵԷͬһУ
ػһпƺ͹ͨЧճʾֳײס޷ѡ
ȻЩ֮иʴ͸ʴ֮ĥֵͬʱ˶ֱܹĥǼΪµֶΡ
һЩ޾ս뵽ػĹΧڣҲᱻеճĸײȻʴá
֮еȻΪ޾Ʒս˵ǳ̫Ʒ֮ǿսˣǲػҲܽʴ
Ȼʱ˿ȴеˮϵ̫֮;ֶ֮Σֱƿ˶ԷĿռϣȻ뵽ڲ
ػճģֱӾ˶ԷڵĻϣԷײ
˺ͲػͨڵľĽѾЩȶˣȻƾû취ܡ
ܹܵԷһ̾ҪˣǿѲػ˵ȳռȻԷܹѳƾػͰѶԷĥ
û˿иһֱ̧ʾģʩչͨ
޾ľ֮ڶԷ֮ӿȻ󽫶ԷΧ֮в۳Щո۳ͳֲƻ޷ֵ
Źʱ䣬ΧʹﵽϰͷϺľƻܿͽ䳹׺ơ
ǿĺʱ˿ҲЩܲסȥҲΪûκ壬˷ʱ䣬ԷǻһЩϢʱ䡣
ԣһóСĹ£ˮϵ̫֮Էڲ綼ͨϰͷֱӾڲǱػסĻȥ
ֲƻ˲佫ǻ𣬲ڳĺ֮ǻȴڴӲػа˳
˵Ľ籬嵱ȻҲᣬǿʮ౶֮ǻľ֮ͬӹЧػĿЧ͵Ȼһơ
ţĹź£̧۾ģ߶һͨ
һ֣ͨȻֱʧһ͵ľԷС
ǿ˵ֶΣͬʱҲǿԼֶΣʱ򣬶ԷԼȻǳϰͷ乥ƣǾ治ϱȴҲûг˿Ѻۡ
ͨʵ̫ȹˣ޷顭
һһԷ൱ڹˣǳΪʱ˿̣ܵĽƷӿеľʼûҲĽ綼øӱ
õǣǾ൱ϤģϾУһ㡣
ھŻὫ۵ĲлͷųӶʹԼ۲лӡ˾С
ԾϤһ󵨵ðռƻ
С飡
̾뷨Ȼ𾪣ȴҲûκԥֱ˲Ƶ˶Էľڲȥ
һһǰʵ̫ˣ߶ģֱӳžɱȥȻĶ֣ǻͶھɭϵĵطû֮һ
ɱ
ûµ㣬ͣ˽ŲźüĿռ䣬ֱӱʩչɱС
ҲʱҲоԷĶȻ˺ͬѡһʩչͨ
ͬͨھ˲佻㣬ľֱ͸ΧɢȥڶʱڱһС
ȻӵеֵȴҲܹȫֵ
̫£ǾҲ޷ľȫֵôľУԽͻһ𳹵ɱ
ȻˣǾ׼

˫ײһ𣬱еʱһ̧֣Уͬʩչ˾ͨ
ľֱӳڶԷľڲȻѸԷľײһ
һҲֻһˣһΣһҪΪǸȥˣ
ľУԷѾܽˣԷҲûʲôķֶΣ£Ǳɡ
ʱʩչ˾žĲ赲ȴܹ޶ȵнԼͷʱ
໥Ƚ֮£Է֮أȴǻʣһڣȻ껹ܵ˲Сƻ˱ήңվǳɹˣ
ľƽռбһƬǽ壬ȻֻǾԾ֮ĻǴŲƻ
Էȫ˲ԫϱڣȻƯյУԷ壬ȴھгҽûʣ¡


1322 ʤ
һѵսʲôֶζóˣȡյʤ
ȻΪʤĴȴǲ٣ʱ˿̣ھĽǳң֮ͨʼЩ߽⣬ͬѳһ
񣬾ĽЩֲסˡ
ţӦҪ͵̫ȥսϵ̫֮ˣڣɲóȻȥˡ
Ϊ̫ض˶һҪԴҪǾƻ˿ɾͲˣھĽƺʱпܱ
Ϊ˱ѡ뿪֮ҪٽǾ֮취ˡ
پһս˵Ҳǲܽܣ˵һεʤһҪʤҲӼɡ
٣ܽط׻ˡ
ͬʱþռбɢһɫâ˶סˣȻǰһ˱㱻ͳþռ䡣
ǰģĺݺѪСˣɴ
ʧˣ
ѪɫЩŹֵʵ
ɹˣЩԿƣĽҪˣҲþĽʱ̫ظըˡ
ƲƲ죬ʱעžĽڵʱžȻҡ
˵Ľпܱ
⻰˵˶һ㶣ȻǵԤϣѪͺݺǱ֪Ľ粢ȶܻ¡
С֮ǰ飬ЩãȻѪĽͣҲܿڵ״
ô죿
ݺü
˵൱ᣬȻսлʤˣȴøӲɿƣһĽͻȻʲôĺ
ըһʥ
Ļ˿϶ҪҸطֵĽıըõĵطҲǾˣȻһ᲻һα
»ԶżԵĴ
ɲģҪ֪ҪҪҵһ뿪
һĽ硢ıڶô죿
ǲò˵Ϊһı磡
֪ô죬ôҲֻȵſˣϣĽȶĻûˡ
ոʩչͨҲȲѣȴû뵽˼У͵¾Ľ糹׵Ĳȶˡ
˵ʱоˬù֮ȴҪصĺ
ʱ佥š
С׺ѪҲûм̤׹ȥսʲôģΪҲܽžĽ顣
ۣСֶܶ˿϶˵Զھ۵С磬кǿľη֮ġ
Ľһѣᵼʲô˭֪ҾĽڻӡʲôضǿĴڣһǶųӦĶԲ
֮ܶ˶ҵľĽ綼㹻Ľϧ˭벻ʲô취ӦԣֻܵȵȿϣڴĽܹȶˡ
ĽУıɢµ岻ȶͳĽ磬þĽûκܹȥ
ղţʩչڶ֮ͨͨҲòȶˡȵȶʼ˷ѵļ
ѵĵȴţܿ죬ɫȴú
ΪĽǵûкתǻңϣЩյеһ־Ȼʼ׹٣
ɫ䣬Ϊ֪ʱգĽû취ȶˣ䣬ºܿͻᷢ
˵֮˳ĬƬ̣ȻС״˸ûãⲻ彮ڳ£ҪȻһųһʲôħͷ嶼ᱻأ
һ亹һʱȻ鿪Ц
׼ɣҿĽǼֲסˣҵҪʮǧյӡŵľʲô
˵µҲȥˣоڣô˵ʲô̫ΣգھжһӺˣС
¶ϼ꣬ȶٳҲǲУ磬ֻҪߴܹ֮档
ĳ˵ԼСͿȫԸ㣬ҲѾе㡰顱Ӱˡ
ʮ꣬꣬Ҳܹھڲռȥֶ֮СҲԼһ̬ϵͳ飬ҲõĹ¶įʲôġ
֮ǰΪĽӦûܳסһʱ䡣
ȴû뵽ȻôͼֲסˣֻսĹУʩչ˼ͨ͵Ľ𽥱
ɼԭĽܾѾҪＫޣֻһʹ䳹ױ˶ѡ
Ľڣϡ
֮е磬ǹͺͺһƬرȫݺȡ߹ˡ
ڣЩûܱȡߵʮǧյ죬ʼһ壬Źͺͺϵȥ
磬ھһ㣬ʯ֮䣬ĸյ죬ҳһӿݡ
ͬʱҲܵƬ½ڴƺһǿϢ𽥸ա
Ÿյһ䣬ƬյķӡҲʼԽԽڻþռƴսʤֵĴۡ
ϧǻɱǸϲһЩôվԼҪڡ
ֻǣе㳬ܿƵķΧˡ
ȻǷӡҪˣ֪зӡľʲôλһʲôΣգ̾͵
ҧ˵
ô죿
С׵Ż̫еء
Ҳû취ֻ֪ͨϣһʥУʲôռɱﵵĴڣܹ̫زƻɣҪȻĻҲûκΰ취
ɫһ֪û취˵ˣʱڣܹͨþս뵽̫ȥĽıܾһ̣ʱпܷ
ҪȽȥɣõʱ
ʱ˿̣ݺӻȡֱӵݸȻ˵ͷ˱뵽˾еСȥ
ݺ֪Ҳûʲôãȥҡ
С׺ѪҲˣȻǵѾ֮һĴڣھĽзӡǿڼֵһ̣ҲԼ㲻ʲô
û֪ʮǧյӡŵľʲôҲû֪ǶǱ˭ӡġ
ǾԼ
ɱ˾۵Ĵ֮еӡ
ǿĴڣ
û֪
٣Щǿ϶֪ˣ֮ܿ⣬ȫ뵽˾СС
Ȼ⣬ϢžĽ֮УǷӡ𽥽磡


1323 ħ
ĽڣһƬǽ塣
ϸҳһ㣬ʮǧյ켸ͬʱŵ£ӡ֮ڶ̶ʱڱ˼ȫʧĳ̶ȡ
ţ͸ܵͻȻһζʼҲһѷ쿪ʼ֣ͬϮĵһ㡣
Ҫ𣿡
ѾܵˣһɭȻɲǿϢ޿ƥе̬Ƭ½֮ɢ
֪ʲôºܿͻ֪ˣֻϣǶҪ̫ڿֲĴڡ
ӦãӦáֵܹĴڰɣ
ǿֲڵϢжЩܹȷˣԭھʮ㣬ĸУǱӡĴں;ϢҲȫ˶ˡ
ɲ֪зӡʲôȻܹ;
Ҫ֪Ǵﰡ
ûκԥȡ˳Լǰ׼һκ쳣ܹ̤̾ԼСС
ӡǣǱȡ˳ƯһʥİУóԭӡһŰɫâڣȴӡȾһƺڰɱΪһڵĹ
ҧأϢӣȵ˾СеĺݺѪСˣȻͬǼŵġ
Сϣҵ˰峤߳µĻΪ׾ǿߣҲпܿóġ
Դûʲô˼ȥˣעȫ˾ĽУתΪ֮ɫľӡǣܿͿʼ͸һɭȻɲϢ
ֵǣϢЩʶ֪ʲôطϢǿȣȴԶԶܹ
һʱ֮Ҳ벻ˣиܵǾϢ
ѵⱻӡ֮ﻹйϵ
ţһ۲գĹ۲žĽڡ
飬Χŵ֮Ҳ׷˽ԭʢ磬ڳױ֮û
ûκĴڣҪȻĻ֮ӽκе鶼ö
֮ڽ綼ûʱҲʹڳˣһӰãã֮ȻȻ˹Χ֮ȫΧɢȥ
Ȼһӽ֮ˣ
֮Ǿ۵֮ͨһʱ˿̣ȻѷӡĴһ𿪣֮֮֮ͨͨһ顣
ţЩ֮֮ȴֱһ˻ƺʲôڽȫյ
𽥵ģ֮ϵգһϤĶǰ
ӡ룬ʮǧյΪģȻһڵľ޴࣡
״Ϣһ뵽Լħ֮ģʱбȻ
Ȼһħ֮ģ
ôҲ벻սȻħ֮ѵھ۵ģ
˵ħ֮ķų֮˵۵ٴ
ʱ˿̣Ǿڵħ֮ı֮磬ԼΧռеһ
Щ֮ħ֮ΧʼѪȻһѸĹ̵С
ֲãҶⶫϢЩϤҲֲеϢԭȻħ֮ģ
ħ֮طǴӾеõģ̺žϢҲȫ
ʱ˿̣ħ֮Ĳٶȿ쵽˼¡
ûв´ĻǾ۵ħ֮İ
һȫǶô£
һƲл궼Ѿʹӡ˾֮Уħ֮ļ˾֮ӦҲûʶİɣ
ţüͷӡ˾е۲л꣬ӦǲֵóԣԲħ֮ĸϾˡ
һ˫пħ֮ʶȻ취۲лӾ
ԲҪ״
Σ۾Բٳ䣬Ϊ˵ʹڣһ֣Բȥ
ǾĹ㹻þ۽˶նɱˡ
Ҫ˵С׺ѪЩˣɽһϣǾ۵Ķ֡
˼ĹУħ֮Ѿʼۣ˾Ľɢݳĸ۵ħ֮УȻħ֮Ա۳һࡣ
һͨѪħ֮ó࣬ӦǾ֮࣬Ҳ˵ħ֮Ǿ֮
֮ơ
ڵȴʲôˣԿ϶ƾħ֮ͣȫ޷ƻֺ˵ԷܻܿһЩʶԱΪһ£֮صĽ֡
ô죬ô죿
ͷð亹ԾСе˵ˣݺҲ˳˼С
ȻС׶óʲôЧİ취һеһоΪʵ̫ˡ
СֻСèСÿֻһ㣬ֹħ֮ĵ
οǿڻ̫Žϵ̫֮
ֻܵϣ֮󣬲ûʲôʶ
ʱָܵ˾УƺʼЩǴСдǴû̽Ǹд
˾ⲿֺģֶѾ̽ˡ
ԣʵģʹһӡ˾еľ۲л꣬϶ĺĵС
ʱ˿̣Ǿ۲лܵԼ֮Щ˷ܺͼ
Ȼϧǣ۲лȴѾķӡһ㣬ǿȷģҪȻĻôʱ۲лܳˣһֱԹԵĴͷ
ҪģǷֹǾܹ֮۲лߣϣˡ
ΣһҪֹķʶĽ뵽˵ڣӡǣȻ£
ţһʥſڣֻʣǷźڹľĽӡǣھĽУ֮ڲϵٶȥֻҪʱܹȫˣ
۵ڿЦءûо۵ʶܹ޵ˣ
һͷ漴ҡҡͷ
Ųݾ۵أһѹѾõˡ


1324 
ʱ䲻š
ҵľĽУ۵ԽԽֳһڳ״ȻǧɣڰʲôûС
ħ֮ѾˣѪѾɣֻܻһϸϵĶֱʱûмǾ֮ʲô
ѵⶫûʶ治ܹ
ðһ뷨δ򶨵ĵȴţȴǾ֮ȫ
ʱ˿̣ž֮ϢҲԽԽŨһҪԽϢӾĽг͸һʥС
һϢоЩףȴҲûа취ȥֹֻĸž֮ǿϢﵽΧֱ鲼һʥ
һһʥƺʼһЩ״
ԭϢ΢ƺ˶һʥеʲôƣڣƺѾͬˡ
Ϣʵ̫ǿŨңƺʥеʲôƣЩͬѰϢΧǽ͸˳
ʼϸΧһӾ;쵽ʥеĲͬѰаҪ㡣
ҪʲôֲǿĽʱ򴥷Ҳֻжһ·ˣһһǾ۵˺۵Ĳлô죿
Ǹѵѡ񡭡
ҧأʱ˿֪ô죬һ̫صУҲߡ
ڣһʥĽƣƺûô챻
һֱĽڣ۵ڳʥΧǽϵǿϢҲȻڲδﵽ㡣
˭Ҳ֪ʥΧǿϢ۷ʱ򣬻ᷢʲô顣
ֻȷǾ۵ȻѾȫˣȴҲûκζǾͣԭڵյС
УѳʧճΪ֮ҲֻʣһģɫƮΧʹǾ֮ͬɾĵʹߡ
ûжûжûжҲʹţҸոǸ뷨пʵ֡
ʱͻȻһصɫ֪ǾδĹؼʱˣôܾʥڵϢﵽ۷塣
˭Ҳ֪ʱᷢʲô
ɲ¶㵽ȥܶ㣬ô̫صеô죿
ܲһ㡣
ԣȥҪðˣ
֮ûж϶Ϊ۵ʶˣлҲӡ˾Уû壡
²СеСסݺ˵ˣȻ˵ǿ취УԿܷ
С׵Ҳȫܵˣ֪ǼΪʱ̣һƬ̣пܾ͵ٲĽ
ڿɲǸոսԶżʱˡ
ô֮˺뿴κһԣǾԲ
ôȥƴһ¾ͳ˱Ҫˣ
ԵģҪ뵽Ǿ۵ȻԽٿܹôƾǿᣬһʥгʲôƣҲ϶ֵܹ
ǣзȴǼġ
һҪռ²ô׵飬ڶռҪô
˵ʵһĻСסѪ仹ߺݺɶȫνԼʶģ˵ν뵽ˡ
ҿȥһ¡
ҲʱһӺݺСڴ˳ͺݺЩϤС׺ѪûԶЩ졣
ȻŮ֪ҵĲлꡣ
֪ͺݺ׻ʥĹ̽ʱһŮл꣬лһ޾ս׻С
ݺæ޸һ׻ϧʾ޸Ҫѵö࣬ʱûаգԼƻҲ͸ǳ
Ů֪ҵĲл꣬һֱ׻УںݺСڡ
ʱѾͷǲ˵֮Ҫǰһ£Ȼ֪ȥ޻أΣԼ󣬵˳
Ů룬ҲûʲôϵɣϾͬѾȫˣڵ׻壬Ҳǰ׻塭
վһҲǿԱһݺȳĶˡ
һɹĻǺʿ԰ҽĿǰ֪Ҳޱȵοʱʲôȫû
׵Ļɢ˵ʵ֪Ҳ£
ǧĹ¶ˣ˵еǽѡ
Ѿͷ𣿡
СЩɻʵǵ֪ܲУ˵⻰ʱźݺǱ̨ʾѾͷɲţ
ϾǿǾ۵
һĸѾͷռˣѾͷɾͳΪ徳ǿĴħ˰Ů֪Щ⣬Ƕ˵һѣ
ûģ֪ң͡
ݺȴǵ˵ͷ֪ңԴʥĹ֪˫Ѿǳ࣬ܶʱһ̸ġ
ŮʵѾǳϤˣֻ֮Ȼǲ֪ģҪȻĻ֪ںݺСУҲ֪ܵڵ
ȫǺݺģȻŮ
Ȼݺ֪ңС׺ѪҲûʲôˣȻҲʲôֻüһҪСģҪʲôԾĵط̸ϻ˵֪㽫֮⣬һǲϣ޹֮ɥ
š
׻ӺݺСз˳ȻŮ˵Ļʾͬűַɳ˾ֱǰĺɫâӡǷ˹ȥ
һգۼ䣬׻ɵ˾ĽȥֱӳԭĸԶ
ԶԶȥڰɫƮ֮Уһͷǧɵڳоͣţȫһ·ûһ㡣
ȻɢĿֲɭȻϢȴʶĲһֿ־֮⡣
Ȼ¶˾ĵŮ֪ңһʱ֮ȴҲЩùģܿͰ˹ҧأƬɹȥ
֪ҽȥˣ׼ռݾ۵
壬ѾǼԶŵˣڳ˶ûмֻڴ˵Сףûм̫ļء
Դʱ˿̣˵ʶļӿǰֳȻ񣬿¶һӶûмģ
һʥϢҲԽԽǿˣϣ֪һüҪʧܵĻ¡
ţɫΪأŵ֮ɫ
һʥ֮⽫֮ĶԿܿԶԶڵ۷塣
ֶԿһԲܹģ֮۲綼ģ


1325 ֪ҳ
׻ϿƬʣ֮Լɵľ֮Ȼûһ˿һ⶯
ӦȫûʶˣҪȻôʱ䶼һ㶯ûС
ţĿתĶǾĽпš
ƿ˰˳ɵľӡǣԼھĽ֮⣬ҲǿĿĽκεط
׻ϿһʥеϢҲԽԽŨԶһǿѹѾ˾Ľϡ
һԵʱ˿̶ЩվֲѹòţٹһӺܾܿͻᱻѹ塣
£òǳˡ
ȴֱܹߵУΪ֪Χһѹ᲻þͻȻ
ԣֻ˽һ
СĴӾСгȻվ˾ӡ֮ԣƾΪΧһʥǿϢѹ¼ֺܳһʱ䡣
ǽպãС׵СС
Σ֮䶼һͷ˲ƾʧԣҪôҪôǾҪô˻˵Сӡǡ
Լֲסֵľѹ±Ծֻܻ˳ˡ
Ǻڴأ۷ڵܹյúã彮Χڣ޵еģˣսЩҲȫ
С۾Žпֵܳ
ܿϧǣᰴȥչ
ܿ죬׻һӷɵƬ֮УһûУǾ֮Զˡ
˶עǱߵȻҲʱһʥͻȻһ£
С̧ͷһȻбɫâֱʥͶȻһ͸˾ӡǵУ
ɫâͬӡǻȻ˾Ľо֮֮ϡ
ֲޱȵƻþ֮ܵ˼صĴ޴Ѫڽâ͸г֣Ѫɢݣ
ǶһʥĽ𣿡
С׻ȫһţҪ֪ǿ۷εľ֮ŵ磬ǿ߶ƻõģ
ڣȴһʥǿƣһӴ͸ѪǱˣһĽѾԽѰǿߡ
֮ǰԶԶǶһǿֶΣЩɫâǣóרԸǿֵĽơ
˹ﲻƵʸΨоֲ֮ɭȻϢŴ˶һʥơ
ƾˣҪ֮׸ɵƺһ㡣
ȻһӳѪħ֮ĵЧѪ˲ָѪ̣ûñһ
ħ֮ĵȫɣʱڣƾһҪɱǾ֮ûʲôܵġ
ؼڣŮ֪ڵˣ
Ҳֻн֮ƿأܹһʥ𷴹ȥĻ֮б׺ɱʱ
ңҪ׺ɱ֮ĹޱǿƵģʥݻٵɲҪ
٣ȰŪУϣͷĶܹ̫ڵܵȻһЩɡ
֪ںδ
ѪޱȽŵʵ
ҲΨһܹܵĽеˣԭڸ֮ɢжһĽâĸ֪ûô׼ȷˡ
Ͼδƿؾӡǣֻ˰˳ɶѡ
ˣǺֻȴˡ
˵
һʥƣ˶̶һʱ֮ٴһνٵȴ⣬ͬӡǸ͸о֮ϣѪ
Žⱬ䣬ǽΧӵɢһЩ׻ӰȻѾ˾֮֮ϡ
ʱ˿̣׻ȫûжҲѾûŮ֪ҲлϢ
Ѿȥˣλ
˳˵ʱ̸֪֮ҪŮ֪ҲлɹеĻ֮ܺܿܶˡ
֮ȴʼûκζļ
ȫֵѪħ֮ĵЧ²ܿȫָȴߵâһΣһâֱ˾֮ħ֮ϣ
ֲıƺȻħ֮ĿɲǼ򵥵ܹݻٵĴڣâħ֮ϣһ󷴵֮ɢ䣬ħ֮Χľ֮׺ϡá
Ȼħ֮ȴһ˶ûУ
Ҳʹţ۶Էκ֮վ޷ģΪħ֮ʵ̫ԶԸˡ
ֲãҪʮǧյһɷħ֮ĸӡסȫΪⶫԽ䳹׻𰡡
һѵǽħ֮طھ۷֮Ч
ħ֮ԽԽڴˣôһħ֮Ĵﵽ۷壬ͱɼ޵еĴˣڴ£в
˭Ҳ֪֮ħ֮ģҲ֪Ǵﵽ˵ھ۷壬ǻزŵµǿӲ
鶼޷ħ֮ģֻܽӡĻⶫжǿ󣿶һЩ⹥ƣ϶Ҳû취Ըɡ
ţʱͻȻ֮ܵһ¡
ȻֻЩ΢һЩע⣬ɫһϲѵ֪Ѿͷڿʼƿ
ʱ˿̣Ȼħ֮ĸĲλһϡãȴѸٻָĹ̵УѪٶۿɼ
֮ʱڿʼȻֻһƳ鴤ȴҲ֪Ŭƿ
пܳɹģ֮ǰϣ
ͻȻ䣬֮ǧɵȻڶһ£ƽΧããƮɢȥԭڳһտռ䡣
տռУͣİڶȻ˫Ŀһ˫޴ͫУЩ㯺;ϲȻǲǾ۵УŮ֪ҵģ
ɹˣ
ǰһʱϲ
Ѫ䡢ݺҲɫһϲ֪ҼȻɹˣʹпܲٿؾ֮ô֮һͺðܶˡ
Ҳ̫磬Ҫƿûô򵥣ڣֻǾֻ֮ǳ鴤ȫЩʲô
˵ĿתĶͷ
һʥĽƣûһʱһͣЪûһκϡõѪȫһŵâһδ񷶥֮Ϯ
һΣƼҾŵâȻһطǾǾ֮ħ֮ڴ


1326 ʥ
ŵâʥ֮Ͻ£Ȼ˾֮ħ֮ϡ
˲䣬ϵ̫֮۳ɿֲз籩ħ֮ĸľ֮Ѫ⳹׽飡
ˣˣˣ
Ȼ˴ħ֮ȴǸ߻Ѹ͵£ΧչԱȷſʮٶȣܡ
ͬʱ֪ҲлĲٿ£֮ڿʼȻԵЩӲôʼֻܳ鴤Ҫϲ١
Ϥһµ壬϶Ҫʱģû˻ỳһ㣬ǿž֮ϽӲĶĶЩš
µĲ֪Ҳлû취ϤϤĹʲô⣬һͻúܲˡ
ȻΣյĻ֪ңһжʧܣ֪ҵĲлһʣµġ
ڣҲֻڴ֪ܹɹˡ
ڿ֮ǳǿģٵֵʥĺȫ⣬ֻҪħ֮Ĳƻô֮Զ
ֻҪ֪ҽǿգܹɲݣܹӾĽ뿪ֱӽʥĽƶƻ
ڴĵط
ڣ֪ҽʥĵĿ֮඼ƻӶ̫ȡһҲͳɹĵõһ̫أ˵ļֵǶΪǿ߶ۺ졣
ԣ֪ڵ״Ϊעĵطˡ
ŵâϮ󣬱һʱļžһʥĽƣƺҲҪĻָͬʱŵâĹƣ̫
ʱ䣬֪ҶԾ֮Ϥ̶ѸצסβһϵвλȫʼһĶʾ֪ڲǿ
ˣ֪ңӾĽԣ
ԷĶȻͨӡǣֱӶȻھĽڵ֪ҴȻ֪ܹ仰
ţͷ֮ӾĽȻڶȫռı޴֮ƿգӾĽг
ͷʥеСһ
Ҳȸһ
Сһ˲㱻һϮֽͬƬһֱ˺󷽵ʥǽϣ
ţʥһ֮ڳֲ֣ǿϢһʥ֮н١
Ȼʱֻ׺ͲӣǿϢѾ˸еϢرǾ丽Сף
Ǹܵһʥĵ⣬߾֮ľɢһϢ֪ڿ˵£Ҳȥٿǿ
ţ֮ӾĽдֱʥ֮е񷣡
ֲ˲䱬֮ͬһţ֮˲佫ʥĶ飬ͬϮ˲֮У
ʥھ֮ĳ£ֱӾʯɳϴϵ·öҪ˱һ㡣
Ǿ֮Ȼܽһʥֱƻ
С׵˶ʱһŮ֪ҵĲлڲٿأƻʥʱ򣬻ⱣһСߡ
ʥķȴźͰɫâþûб֮ƻܿ죬֪Ϥ˾֮㽫һķ£С׺ʥķΧ
ķ֮⣬ǵضɽҡһʥȫȻԭһĹᣬµʯĴŰľķ籩ݻ٣ЩǿߵĻɳ֮ףҲûκһܹҴ
УʥʼûܹԾ֮𷴹ȫΪ֮Ů֪ҵĲٿ£ֱӾͽʥķݻٵˡ
󱻻٣ȻֽâһҲͳ˾֮¡
С׺ССеˣĿֻڶ̶ʱڣʥ׻𣬾ķ籩ΧŰ
һʥػãܵ˾ķ籩ĳЩҡҡ׹
汩
̲סпƺŮ֪ҵĲл꣬Ǿ֮ƿس̶൱ⱾڴģڣȴҲЩǡ
ʵһԴȪ
˵֮ǰݺ֪ң˵֪Ǻѣ֪ҵõǿֻ֮᲻ʲô̬ϵı仯
˵̬ϵı仯϶У˭Ҳ֪֪֮ģʱ򣬾ݺҲȷˡ
ݺĻ֪ңΣǵ뿪ԶżĻ֪һ᲻бʲô뷨ǾͲܹ֪ˡ
֮ѽϵ̫֮ȫ̫УѾγһѭ⡭ûһܹɡ
֪ҵΪƿ˰˳ɵľӡǣԻܹ֪໥ϵ
ΪοӦ֪ڲŸոҵθϵķҪȻ϶һ͸ϵˡ
ֻҪϵǾ֤֪ʱ̬ûʲô̫仯ֻǶھ֮ЩȰˡ
Ƿֱܹƿռϱڣ뿪Զżͨ
æѯʵ
ֱƿռϱڣ뿪ԶżͨĻܻܿᴴһʱ
ʱ˵ֻҪһʱܹ㶨ˣԾ֮˵϶͸ˡ
ţˮϵ̫֮ʩչƿռϱڣӦò⣬ԡ
֪ҵ˻ŵЩţʵ㲻˵ҲҪЩ뿪ˣΪҸоԶżķƺĹǿڻۣ¹ñӿ֮¶Եֵء
Ĺǿۣ
˵һܲõϢ֮޷ֵôС׺ݺ񲻸֮ˣ
Ǿ;ɣ֪ҡ
ͨӡǷ͸Ů֪ҡ
ȻǾĽ糹ױ飬ʮǧյ춼֮ٴȶһ
ȥǾĽջϾӵеС硣
С˵ţȻ뿪С׵С磬ַ̧ų˾ӡջصԼСС
Ľ֮һ飬ߴ֮ͨܵƻҪԭѾˣǽҲǺõġ
Ȼͷ֪Ҳž֮ʼʱʱȴֱԼ뵽СľĽ磬ȻһЩı仯
仯ȫھ
ĽѾ󲿷ֱСкʱ򣬾ȻɢһɭȻ֮ĽСк
ȻĽƺھɭȻѸܽ⣬ĳϤСĳλѸٳ
ƺǾ˾ĽȻתΪһµĴڡʲôڣڻΪǴڻδγɡ
ȫȫ֪δ˸ˣԼǵط۲


1327 ڰͨ
ԾĽ飬ǰδţȥѯˣ϶Ҳǵòκδ𰸵ġ
ΪͲĶĲڶûܹ̽õܶҪ˵񶼸㲻
ԣδ˵
һˣĹעžĽ类ȻǸ䣬˶ڹעž֮ϱڵʱĹעȴѾȻת
⡭ʲô
ĿţĽȫںȻ¶һڵ֮
ԳⶫΪ֮򡱣һͬһС壬бŨľ⣬ȫڣû͸һ˿һĹ
ҪͨСĸ֪ܹĸܵڣƾ۸ֲⶫ
ʶ֪ⶫҲܹȫεֻôһĵϢܹܵ
һ£ӳ˾֮ʶ֪ǿȣҲܹһﷶΧڣ֮ܵɢһ˿˿΢Ϣ
Ϣ˵ָָ۳һ΢;һ΢رϸ̽飬Ͳ
ⶫʲô
ԼЩ㷲˭δ֪ĶվЩ־ģȻҲ
Щ£ⶫСƻߴʲôõӰ졣
Ȼܿ죬оԼ뷨ͳΪʵ
ھŵ£ǡ֮򡱾ȻʼһޱϤҲͨϢ
֮򣬾ȻݱΪ֮ͨ
Ǿ֮ݱ䣬䱾˾ߴͨĲдֻǽЩ˶ѡ
Щ֮ͨʱ˿̾ȻʼСͬߴͨһ
вһֲԤСⶫòΪԼĵڰͨɣ
ͷʱһӾˣòĿɣ
ڰͨ
붼˾ÿ°
ɴû˵˭ӵа˸ͨģ񾳽ǿ߶˵
֮ͨκߴﵽͨؾֻ֮ܵ߸ȻûκܹΥ
廹壬κһ壬ӲĹɣߴ֮ͨߵ
ȻڣڣȻھĹ£𽥵˵ڰ˸֮ͨ
Լ۾ô룬ȴȷȷʵʵǰʵǴ֮ɫľ֮С綼ϵһ𣬾͸ߴ֮ͨ޶¡
ڰͨ
ɫýӲ֪˵ǺǻҲ֪Ƿʲô񾭣Ľ綼˵ڰͨ
ҪڰͨĺõĻƺ⹦൱찡
ϧû취ȥ֤
š
飬ʱκ˷Ϊ֪ûʲôôܴԶżȥҪǸ⡰ڰͨЧԼⶫֶûвʲôá
ʱ˿̣ȴûлȥ
Сȹʱһνעе磬ʱ֪Ҳݵľ֮ȻڳԻƿռϱڣʱ
ʼѾȥһʱʱ䣬һʱʱڣĽСתΪ˾֮򣬳ġڰͨǿռϱھȻҲѾһˡ
ѰǿߣҪƿռϱڣʱҲֻô̵ʱ䣬ɴ˿ɼ֮еѰǿ߻Ҫʮϰٱ
СһԹۿţ̲סЩп
㼶δ׵Ľӽؾ۷壬ҲǸû취ˣѪ䡢ݺˡ
ʱ˿̣֮ϺſռϱڣС׵ˣҲѾܵ˴ΧĸĲͬѰϢ
һԶԶѹȸУַĸоÿĶЩƣ𽥵ĶԺ
Ƕо˵Ļռϱڵ֪Ҿ͸˵ˡ
Ȼܿ죬֪ܵҵĹѾܽӽˣҶܲЩʲôȷǶҶģҪҵֵסĻǧҪң
һῴġ
ȴδӦԷֻǳ
ҪлĻܷԷܣԼȥƴҲǲң֮ǰУжȳˡ
֪⻰֪᲻жУҲǸøжʱ
ѹԽԽ𽥳ܲסʱڼĵңԶ߻ɳ˹
ĵȫȫǳֳâڽɫɳ籩֮УԵޱҫۣ·֮һԴͷɢźȻ𺳵Ϣ
ɫ·ǴңԶ񷾡ͷ;һ·۽ϵ̫֮Ȼ;в׳ϢԽԽʵأڽɫɳƲй
ⶫҵĿսƣһȥûмޣ
ҧأһӿĵǿ֮
ʼʱĵûôĵȴԶżĸͬĽ䡣
ʱ򣬽ɫ϶ױƣ;սϵ̫֮ͻԽԽǿԽԽֲ
Ǿ֮ǿڣҲڶʱڸϵԶżĸ䣬ĵȫơ
ԣ֪ҲֻܴһᾭԶľȥϮĿ꣬Ҳͻǿ󡭡
ֶַԸ۷ĿǿߣһĴڵȷ൱ˣʱ˿̣֮Щܲסӡ
֪ھ֮ڣǿȺĵǿΪ˽ˣûʲôĵֵסĵɼĵǿȣѾԽѰĴڣﵽѰϰٱ֮ࡣ
׼ӭӳɡ
֪ҵظȻֻ֮ŭһʾϣϵΧ
ΧֻʣʥģźͰɫâþһȫʮ֪ھȫǡ
֪ұǲл뵽ħ֮Уǰ˵ģֻҪлħ֮дô֮𣬶ҴĿܣ
֪Ҳлħ֮ģȻ׼ӭĵɫĳ
߶ĵɫϮ֮ʱ;ϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩һϮһ˲䣬Զżͬĩһ㣬춯صȻը죡
ֻһ˲ֲĳ㳯ΧӿϮûѹȴѾٵͷϣǼͬʱܵһϵ˲˹ȥʧȥʶ


1328 ս
һԶżУһֲ䱬ȻϮȫ
Ϊըĵľ֮˲ͱ״ݻֻʣħ֮Ȼԭ
£ħ֮΢ܵЩ΢ˣеǱȴδ⵽ʲô̫صƻԼΪֲٶ
ħ֮·Զԭʮľϣں䱬ֻʣ㣬ȫƻ
ϼסеС׵ûˣҲ˶һʥûʲôƻ
ȻСסݺѪˣȴֱγлԹȥʱڿѲˣ˺ŵʥſڣھķ֮£ʱûʲôΣա
Ƕʧȥʶʱһս
ħ֮Ĳϵ֮Զߣһͷ͵ĶһʯͷʯϢѹȫԽ֮ǰ˼
ɴ˿ɼͷһʯεģ֮дʲôΣûܹ֪ˡ
֮ܵĳ֣ͷʯѣһԶżУҲֻһ۷εʯ
ʱ˿̣ʯԶԸ֮ĵɫֻǿθС˰ˡ
ڡڡʯϣ
Ů֪ҵĲл꣬ʱ˿̲ħ֮Уħ֮ĵѸҲܵһռӽǿռʯڡ
ֻҪܹʯ񣬾ܹ뿪Զżĳڣ
Ȼ֪ȥ֮ʲôطӦǾ彮ԶģϾԶżȻȴûʮֺޱ޼ʡ
޷ʯô֮¶飬ħ֮ٴαӡпܵġ
Σ֪һҪʯѹס
ħ֮Ѹ֮Χɢӣ֮ԼٶȻָβצסһλʼԭ
۷ħ֮ط˿̶ֲʱڣħ֮ıѾȫָ˾֮
ʼʱħ֮Ǳʮǧյ̫ˣԸոӡʱٶûô졣
ȻڣֻǼʱ䣬֮㳹׸ԭͬûܵʲôƻһ
ΧռУĵɫһ֮󣬳ɢȥһдڵĶˣԶżУһƬϵ̫֮ƵĻ
֮֮󣬸պͷһʯ˸ǰֲʩչ춯صսȻʼ
£֪²ԶˣһڵʥֱӳԶߣͬʱֵʮľķϣȷǵİȫ
ܿ죬ʥŻԵСסˣûΧĽϵ̫֮УʧȥӰ

ѹʱʱѾ֪ȥ˶á
ȴС׵˶ڵˣڸѪ䡢ݺʲôƺȻûд̫г
ΪҸߣȻѹ
һݣѸʵôˣ
һһ߳Χȴʮķ֮⣬ȫǻҵĽϵ̫֮籩Ϯû֮Ρ
֪һֱʥƯ뿪Щϡ
Сصĳ˵ֿ£ǵһֱȴȥˣٵƾǵԲܹóȻ뿪ط
沨ɲҪʽء
Ѫһ̾˿˵ɫɨΧһƬǻɳ籩˵Ļɳ籩ǲҪ£˭Ҳ֪ڻɳ֮д治ʲôΣյĶ
˶ǵڻ֮ǰ֮ĵϮУǳѹͽȫΣ˵ĵɫľ֮ˡ
ڣҲûио֮Ϣȫ޷֪ˡ
òᱻĵ˰ɣ
С
˵
ݺһۣͷȥ˫ȴ͸ڸǲסĵ֮ɫĵĵȻǾ֮Ů֪ҵĲлꡣ
ô˵֪Ҳܹ˵Ϻܶ໰ѡ
ҽյˡ
Ҳʱɫ΢΢һ䣬õ֪ҴϢϢܿѾܾˣֻǵѹڸ֪
ȻҲ²ⲻֻ֪ϢǣԶżУѾɾˣûκΣա󡢶һʯ
˽ϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩֮⣬ʣµΨһڵ⴦ʥģ
ԶżеһУڴսб״ݻˣɳáȵȣһжûд
֪ٿصľ֮ͷ۷εĶһʯսսǾ֮ڽǶһʯסˣȴҲ޷䳹׻顣
ֵһʯ񣬾Ȼ֮༶ڵĳǿߣȻҪȵĻӦûǱȲģϾ֮ƾ֪Ҳݵܹӳʵ²۱ʵ֮һ
ҲѾ㹻ˣǾû뵽һԶżл˲εǿʯ
սȻ֪Ҳž֮Ƕһʯסˣ޷ݻ١
֪Ҵ˵ż뷽ϹȥϢǣǿ׷ٹȥǶһʯڲ뿪Զżĳڡ
˵
ȻˡǸϽϹȥɡ
ݺЩǵ˵
ǹȥû⣬ʥô죿
ѪɨһʥڣԼȴмİɫþâǴŰ׹֮󣬱̫أ
̫صıǷǳλģϾǶһѳ̶̳ȿһ
ó̫صʥĵ֮󣬾һ¥һ
ʥĵԣ˲ܽ뵽ԵСУС׶ԭû֪
ֻȹȥˡ
˶һۣ໥˵ͷվܹȥ̽̽·
˵ûʲô⣬˻ɳ籩֮ѾûΣգôԶżоܹ⴩еˡ
֪һûҪƭˣ˶Դ˻൱εġ
ܿ죬׼ˣȡ˳ȻСֱӴͷľķϣûΧĽϵ̫֮ɳ籩ȥ
֪Ҳݾ֮ľķϣֻܷ赲Ǵ뿪
뿪ûܵʲô赲뿪֮ͷɳ籩֮УȻܵһԼԼϢ֪ľϢ
һϢָԶżȥҪȻĻǻôã޷ֱ淽ˡ


1329 ֮
Сһ·ռ䴩ԽѸƿյ￪⡣
˻ԵĹУʥıƮ˺ԶԶľˣ߳ôԶ֮һһ㡣
һڵġڰͨҲǸľ֮˵ʱȶûʲôĵطվ֪ʲôá
ʱͳ⴩еʱԼܵ˾СȥȻһȺ塣
Ҫ磬öԷӰҸʵĶֳתһ룬֮ΪڰͨʵЩŹ֣һʲô֮¶˻߽ɵ˾ͺܲˡ
ʮͷ壬Ч
ֻǿϧǣСеǧڱ嶥ǵ۾ǵ۾ĲΣʵûʲôãȴʵһ£Ǿ֮򾿾ʲôЧ
ܿ죬ھСУʮͷŶվţǵһͷ
ֱ̧֣ۣȻһڰгֵ֣ʱܵһɭȻϢд˳
ҿʲôðɡ
ţֱӽڰ壬ǵһͷ˹ȥ
֮δͷʱſ˶ͷĿƣôҲһͷǵ۾εı壬ԸձſƣٶתҪܡ
Ȼϧǣһо֮򣬾Ȼɢһճܹ֮Ŀж
ؾΪͷǵ۾ıʩչһУӾ֮ɢճ֮ȻȫãǱ˿ȫסһ㡣
жסһʱ˿̣ͷҪԱȫġ
ڶÿռҪѡ֪ԼͬĶܷǰͷˣȫƷӡ޷ãôռȻҲû취ġ
ţͼǾ֮ŶԷȥޱȿֲ˺ȻǱȫ˱Ȼյ˾֮
̶ʱڣͷ峹ױ֮˺ɷȻյûʣ£Ҳһ̣ܵԼСڲһЩ仯
ڰ֮֮ͨڽͷյ֮ƺǿôһ㣬˵࣬ȴԿ϶ⲻǴ
ľƿѾﵽ˵ھ۷壬ܹĲԼͨı仯
Ȼ仯ֻڷ֮һȻĸ֪Χ֮У
仯ǿ˶٣ȴҲûôĸ֪ˣϾͷ岢ǿʵ˵̫һЩ
ܹ֮˵Ȼøǿ޵ˣ
ЩȻ֣ȲĿʼһĶȻһͷ޷֮ǿ˶٣Ǿʮͷԣ
Сǧڵıء
Ҫþ֮ɵڶͷʱȴһξֻ֮ǽֲסԾĵ˶ԷжδԷ鲢ɡ
ѵ֮ɶֵҪʱһ£
ЩӲ²ЩƣȻҲûа취ž֮򣬺ܿ췢־֮ȻͬʱסöˣһľͷɢˣԵһĿĲȾ˲١
˰죬ȻǸֻͨɵĹЧûŪס
ţȻʱŪǾȲˣͷҲҪĿĵˡ
һԶżŷԲʱ˿̣Ѿ֪һƾϢһ·ǰǧ
֪˵һ·ûκδڣ˽ϵ̫֮۶ɵĻɳ籩֮⣬ԶżѾһˡ
۷εǿߴսĺҲǴ飬Ҳˣʱ򣬻ⱻľ𾪡
ԶԶģͨƿأڸо˴ǰǿѹȸУȴûивĸо
֪֪Ҳŵľ֮ĽǶһʯסˣӶĺǣ֮Ҳ޷롭
һ֪뿪ôǶһʯֻԶżƻ
֪ҶǻѺôڽҴϵĿռ䷨أ൱Ǹ˴ͨһͨĳڡ
пԽԽʱԶԶһ鲼ľʯڻɳ籩֣ʯȫһȫɢžĵϢ֪ٿصľ֮
ɳ籩УȻӰ֣ˣҲûȻκηӦ
˿֪ҲûٴʲôֲõԤУæС鿿ǰȥҪ鿴һ
ܿ죬бֳһɫ⣬ƿɳ籩Ȼĸǰ
ʱŷ̾ڶһʯϵľ֮Ȼ˫ĿƺѾ״̬
ѵ̫֪ҳ˯ȥˣ
üͷ΢壬ţô²⣬֪ûʶ״̬ʵͷһʯҲͬûκζҲʵ
һ̧ͷͿһռУһʯĺüУǼ
ǿռУܹܵһЩϤϢǾͨĳˣֻǲ֪ͨʲôط
ģûκζˡ
۲ž֮ԼƷĶһʯЩĸо
ȻǿƵĴڣͬǿƵĶֵʱȻⲻ˺ѰһĽ֡ϣǷ޵У
ӿЩпȴҲڲǸпʱ
Ȱȥǰɣ֪ңȻʱӦ˳˯лʶӦǻڵģǲ֪òˡ
һ룬ûطתĵطȥˡ
Ϊ֪ԼһóȻͨǿռУ뿪ĻпһЩԤ벻顣
˵ȥ˾ͻزˣ˵ȥʲôΣաȵȣһе˼òСĽȻȥ˵һ˵
ʱ·;ظȥ
;ֻصԼСУһǾ֮򣬹ȻƺΪ֮ǰͷ屻ˣ֮һһͷ壬һһ
ƺ΢ܹһֱȥ⡰ڰͨδǻԻ͵ģ
Ȼ仹Ǵźܴɻ󣬶ʼձ㹻ľģϾڰͨ˵Ѿ㹻ˣֵĲһЩ裬ʱ»Ī


1330 ԰
ûãͻصȻƯŵʥԱߣСסѪͺݺ˻ϣȻԲߡ
֤ʵ֪˵֮˶˿ƺҲѡΪǲûа취ʥһǰڴ˵ʥĴˡ
δҲõˣȴǳڳȥʲôطΣ
СɨһˣȻ˵ǿһʯϵĳڣӵĿռӦþ彮Զǻȳȥ̽һȽ׵
ҲˣʲôԤ֪ΣգôҲˡ
Ѫ˵ͷܹģôʱҲвǡ
˵Ĳ߰ɡ
СͬѪĻȻЦ뿪ʥڵĵط
ݺһ룬һöԭأ⵱ȻģҪڼ̫гôͿ֪˵Ӷһ
ݺ֮󣬱뿪ʥġ
һУڽϵ̫֮ɵĻɳ籩вϴУһʱ󣬾˾֮һʯսĵط
Ȼｩһ˫޷֮ҲѾղŮ֪ҲлϢҲ֪ô¡
ˣڣȥɡ
һ˶һʯǼȻŵĿռУȻ໥һۣ˵ͷ¶˾ġ
Ĳٿ£гǿռзɹȥԽǿԽܹ֮ܵʯǿƣֻϧ߶Էס޷κζ
·߶ѾΪʯҪبųȥһ㡣
лһɫ⣬ܿͷɵ˶һʯԱߣȻǿռз˽ȥ
˵ĶᵽɤۣǴ˵ʱ̣˵ڵˣ
ռУеˮϵ̫֮ңɵתţĳ
з֮ɫһӾûˣԶżʧ
ٴγֵʱչСǰģһƬ޾ڶ޵Ŀռ䣬ǰ˷ûκζĴڣ
ʲôط
ݺüͷ΢壺ѪǵʱӡǣȴܲɼطѾѪ̫Զˣھжľ룬Ͳ֪ˡ
ţ˵ʵսϵսݶ趨ʱӡǵĴֻ꣬Ҳһܲ
СɫЩᣬеڲռ˳ȻһƬ޵ĿռƮ֪
ҲгȻС׼ӳһ¾֮⣬ֻϧˣСҲûиܵΧκζڵϢ
ûжڣƬڣ֮ʲôûУ
Ҫ˵ƬлʲôҲֻʣ˳Ǹռˡ
ǿռУ󣬳Ϊһǳɫˮϵ̫֮УƮ޾޵ڿռرۡ
ô˵طʱӦǰȫģڽȥô죬ǵ˵ɣļʶǶҪһЩпϳǸʲôĵط
С̾˿˵
ط彮򶼱ȽϽĻһԶżǿ԰ˡ
Ѫһֹ۵ЦʥĵĴڣǿʱϵ̫֮ԺⶫǣҪչһҲδɡ
˵ĵǲؼҪȷƬգһĵ̣ҿɲԼĺ԰λ彮С
Сǳ鴤˵
˵Щûʲôãʮͷ֣ȻʮͷֳΧɢȥҵʲôҲ˵
Ȼ˱صУС´˳ʱǸռУص˶һԶżС

ܿ˻صԶżУҵʥλá
˵ļƻǵ㣬ֽ׶ҲֻԭˣҲˣȥսһԼĻ󣬽ȥϵ̫֮
Ϊ뵽ʱˣڵ
ȥûоͷˣһʾģ˵ģ˵ʾĵԼ۱ȿɱϵ̫֮øߵöࡣ
Ͼʾľǽϵ̫֮ݱҳԽ˽ϵ̫֮ԴȪ
ҪģֻҪڲռͿˣСĸڡ
صʥĸ֮˱Թˡ
ݺ̶δ׵磬Сȥʲôû֪ѪȥǰɫâþˣҪ̫أֻΪ˽ԼԼȥսϤ似ͨһս
Լܵ˾ȥھڲռճʾУ
һµʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
һʼʱ˵Ҫ̫һʱ䣬һʱ䵽ˣӦҲҪˡ
⽫һµЧȻԭ˴һɵʾģɣ㵽ϣһһ
ܹܵԼʾڷڣյĻ»ʲôЧֹͣ
ʾĻܳ򰡣
ҡҡͷЩϧɵʾģѾܴʵԽսٴεõǿ
ӾڲռгݺȻѾõͻƣ̤˶δ׵ľ磬ʵһʱĻҪࡣ
С׺ѪҲ»ϣȴ֡
ûʲôĻ͸ʱˣϵ̫֮ٶȣӦòǿ϶Ҫʾÿġ
֪˼ɵĽϵ̫֮
Щ档
̫ĶҪϵ̫֮Ѷȼߣ񾳽ǿ߶ҪѺܳʱõ
̫أһж÷ǳ򵥣
Σǧ֮г֣һƮȻˣ𽥴ʥĵİɫâг֣̫˳
Ҹоͷƺʲô˲õĴ£ֻǲ֪ʲô
һЩ˼ѯʣ̫أȥһʱ侹Ȼܷҳû뵽
ôһ˵ҲȻˡ
Ҿ˵ˣͷô󶯾ô֪ܲԭ̫ػгơ
С׳˵ڵҲ֪Ҫ˵Ǻûǲˡһ°ɣ֪֪Ǵʲôط
˵ȴĿģ˵ʵ˶Ƿܿͷʲôطûб̫
ϾǿȫȫտһƬգԲ֪


1331 Ǻ
Զż֮⡣
ոһƬһж޵Ŀռ䣬һϤĸоطǺ֮ǰǺһ
ţ㽫һֱСеĵɡ˾Ԫ˽˳ھϹӰĳԱһֱ׷
ڳһΧҲǳһôֻصطˣ
طӦһƬǺӣ֪ǲ֮ǰǵطȻΧһκϢûУôضǺˡ
عͷһԶżĿռУü΢
֮ǰǵƬǺӣûĿռУǼ߱˵ġ
ɺ˾Ԫ׳˵
Ҳһǲ֪λںδȻôһԶż԰뷨ܹʵˡ
ЦһЦֹ۵˵ƬǺӵУӦûƬǽƬҵȻЩƬͿ뿪ƬǺˡ
ƬͨƬǺӵԿףûƬ˭ƬǺӣҲ˵ǻȫȫġ
˾ԪתͷЦ˵
и⣬ȻڲͬǺӣôǺҲƬɣ˵ƬҲܹͨƬǺӣ
üͷ΢˵
ܴöƬͲ˼ˣ֮ǰǺ̽ҵöƬȴҵ߸۵ĵط
ҡҡͷ˵߸۵İڷλãóһַϣӦҪöƬܹڵǿԷɢѡһȥƬⶫ϶ԽԽá
Ƭʲô
һʵ

һ̧СȡһֽƬһĶֽƬϿ̻·ȻȴֽƬҲ֪ʲôƳɣһبƾõĸо
ֵǣһֽƬǰ˾Ȼȫ޷ͨʶ֪ȥ̽⵽
Ҫ޾нⶫҵҲܷѾˡ
΢̣ٺһЦҵҵһˡ
ʲô
Щŵ̧ͷ
С췴Ӧ˸ָոɳȥЩ˵
ţھþְⶫ
˵ͷ˵
ȻˣҷͷѰҰɣӦò̫ʲôΣգʱСĽˣţұǺӣҪһµʱ䣬߸ˣһҵĻֻҪ͹ˡ
ɨһ˵
λҲ԰æŵù
ȴҡҡͷֽ̧Ľ˳
ŸһңΪԵͣҵÿܻȽ֮⣬˶Ѹ
þһѰңҲƵķֶΣ˵ܹʱͲܽƬǺұˡ
˺ܿͿʼжѰֽƬһƬ֮⣬ҪѰ˵߸۵ĵط
Ϊ˵ԺܳΪǵĴӪƬķϱǿ߿¶
ںĴжһԶżʥ̫أǷչĸһ˵ǺһĴڡ
ǿͻƬķϣԶżУ˻о֮Ϊɱء
˵֪ѹԶżеĶһʯ񣬵ʲô⣬֪ȱʯӦûǿԵġ
һܱ֪֮Ҳٿأ뿪ԶżƬǺӣ
˵ֻҪƬǺӵľλòҪ̫⣬ôطȫ˵ˡ
ú԰ƺΪ
˵鵹Ҳټ˵彮ڣǺҲмѾĳЩռˣ˵ܲλһǺС
Сҡҡͷ˵ϧϢҪõʵ̫ˣҲֻ΢˵һѣܵõǺӣǺܲģ̫أ˵һĻԴɾȫȱˡ
ʱֱӷųϢ̫أҪ̫صˣҪ㹻Ĵ۲С
Ѫ۾гǲԴֻҪȱܵõԴˣ
ˣȰƬҵ˵ɡ
ݺߺһȻΧ뿪ˡ
˷ɢȥѰƬһжٶȻǺܿģʱ䣬Ҳһգ۱ιȥˡ
ڼ䣬ʼʱҵһöƬȻһֱûʲôջⶫ⿴ˣÿ˸һɢȥպֻⷽһöƬ
֮ԶżĿռиϣһԴϲ
ƬǺеƬȻöƽÿ˶ҵһö
ңѰҵ۵ĵطܹʮ֮ǰõöƬ˵ȻǸոպá
ʮɵķ۳ķǿȣ϶߸۵ķҪǿö࣬ǿ
һطĹǳʮöƬζͨķˡ
ҵ㹻ƬʮλҲҵˣǻҪȸǺľλãΧȫ彮Ҳ̫˵㣬ʺǾ
˵
㲻˵֮ǰҲҵһǺӣ彮֮𣿡
Ѫ˵ͷ˷֮ɫҪطλòãǾ취ص֮䣬ȥ㵽ǺӣϼӪͺˡ
ĻԶżɴߡ
˿һԶżĿռС
ʱ˵ɣһ뿪Ȼ󿴿ǺӾڴеʲôλ˵
ҡҡͷû̫飬רע̽ڵĴ
ΪȻһǺӱԵ
֮ǰ̽ǺеǶѾˣطзԲһ൱һˡ
Ҫ֪ǾĽ磬ҲͷԲһǧӣǺӱȾĽĳȾʹʮĵط඼εĿռ䣬Ի㵽ĻƬǺӵǾĽһǧ
طȫ㹻ݵطչȥˡ
Ҫ̫صĴڣЩ᲻뿪ôһȻûʲôԼʵϣѾչȥȻкôһƽֵĴ㡣
û˴̫ˣοҪҲȸǺӵλòС
в˸߶ˮϵ̫֮пռ䴩ҲһʱŵǺıԵ
Ȼ˱ƾеƬƬǺӵΧϣһ̤ǺӵķΧ


1332 չƻ
һƬյУһΪ۵СطͻȻһСȺˣûбκע⵽ǵĴڡ
ˡ
ռƬ֮һ뿪ƬǺӣ˴֮УҪ̽ƬǺӾλһƬλá
ƬУ谭£ӳ˾ܹ֮ʶ֪̽⵽Բ֮ڵ
̽ⷶΧ˵ǷǳԶˣȻڴУķΧȴȻһᡣ
ô˭ܵʱӡǵϢûУ
ʵ
СסѪ䡢ݺף϶вʱӡǣͨʱӡֱӴͻضĵص㡣
ݺѪǡѪǺӡսѲݵʱӡǣֻҪܵʱӡϢֱܹ̾Ӵ͹ȥ
Ȼ˵ĻشʧˣΪСסѪ䡢ݺ׼ȫһ𣬶ûκ˸ܵκʱӡǵϢ
Ǵ彮ģ彮ٵطʱӡǡ
֮ǰһεʱմǺг͸ܵһ彮ʱӡϢӶ͹ȥ
һΣ֮ûκһκθо
Ҳ˵ڵĵطھ彮һ֮ĵطпܾսĵطп彮֮У
ǶʱҶˡ
ǺУʱӡϢҲģ뿪ǺӣΧѾǴУܲʱӡǵϢֻǾˡ
ǵλûȷô죿
˶úѰ죬ǽĿͶ
ȻҲ֪ô죬һȷģǾδ֪ĵطǲܹĴܵġ
ҪȻһçײһЩǿߣѲ߾ŵˣôǵĴΣٵľͻǼΣ
Ҫչ͵͵չκע⵽Ҳ˵ǱߣöҪС
ôҪ֪﾿ʲôطͱеˣҪȥֱˣҪðű˷ֵΣաѰ찡
С׸пһ̾˿
֮߶δ۷壬СδǿߣҪʲôѲ߶ӣûʲôѹԵơ
٣Էǿ϶ʱܲϵܲߵ飬һ˿ɾȫðˡ
ºҺͺݺҪǰѧԺǰѧԺֵȥ𣿡
Ȼüʵ
ѧԺУЩǲģһ൱ḻԴĻ彮֮Уõ֯ˡ
ʵʵ˵ҪܹȥͺݺûȥһȽϺãڿҪ뿪Ψһİ취ǻ֪ѾͷĲл꣬þ֮ͨһʱˡ
ʱĴͨȽϼ򵥣ֻҪ֪ĿĵڴеĿռӡϢܹͨǿֱƿϱڣͨصʱ
彮ĿռӡϢϻкܶʱӡǣɾͿԵõôֻҪ㹻ǿܹƿϱڹʱˡ
һ㣬Ψǿ߲ܹõҪһ㣬ҲΨ֮ˡ
ھ֮ѹͷһʯ뿪ʯҲ֪ʲô
̾˿ؼǴԶżǺӵĿռжʯϣ˭Ҳ֪ʯʲôĺ
ǾɣԴҲУδԶżУ쾧֮ﶼõ˲٣㹻Щʱˡ
Ѫص˵ãʱҪȥѧԺǿ취˵黹Щת
ʱ䲻˷ѣһǶɣ̫أԽȥһ£ʵǲСġ
Цŵ˵ͷǲܾͷ
Ľ£ƬǺΧʼųһЩ̽ⷨһЩϡϵȵȡ
ЩϣǣͷйһЩ̽ⷨȻЩϺ޹ɵĳǺ֮Ͷųȥ
ûκʶ㱻õҲ޷пЩ˭ųģЩ̽ⷨҲѰֵܹġ
Ȼ֣ǵܷЩ̽ⷨ󣬵ȴҲܰ̽ⷨ׷ٵڵǺӡ
ʱѪʥͼַó߶ѪʥͼֱӽЩϵݹؼϢȫ
شǰʱҲǾʩչֶĨۼģʵ൱õĻʬ𼣵ķӣ
ϣ޹ɵĳƮȥܹʮڹޱȵĴ˵ȫ˿۵Ĵڡ
ҪһЩĻҪǱͬһЩϣǻῴһЩʲôʮƮɳȥͬʱ̽⣬˵ʱ㹻ˡ
ֻҪܹȡκϢڵͻܴİ
һ֮ǾûжǺ֮ðգƬֱӻصƬǺӵС
Ȼ˱㿪ʼռɽΪȻƬҵʮۣٲطռҲ̫ԲԼˣ
һƬǺӣõķտһж޵״̬ûκλҵڣһķչ˵һ൱Ҫ
ΪͷҪǴĻͺпܴ̽ⷨʱӡǵȵȣڷչУںܶİȫ
Ǻзչ൱Ǻ޺֮ǣط֪ûûб˷ˣֻҪСһ㣬﷢չ궼δػܵý
ݺˣСסѪˣ˵֯ԪˣܹʮöƬȻֻá
οҪչһĻҲܹöġ
ԣɡ˾Ԫףס磬Ҳһæˣÿ˸ȡһöƬ
ʣöû˳ֱӷָСסѪˣϾΪߣ֮еսһöƬҲʹǼ֯ӵݷȨ
Ȼ˭û˵ȥ֯һЩƶȣǱ˹һΣһжȶȫ뷢չΪ
ڹѡͲҪ˵ˣÿ˶ѡһЩڸԵСУȱģֻҪСУȥѡһЩӵ㹻츳󱲾ˡ
ɺ˾Ԫ״ԭϹӰЩˣܹϰλ׵ǿߣһѲ߾š
ӰǿжٶȺͲǳǿǽѲѡ
硢ףǾʮ壬С뿪档
ȻʱǺʲôûУСв˺ܶ࣬ȻȶפأôҪչһصҲǺܼ򵥵顣


1333 
磬пȴҲɡ
ڣС׵ˣǲص򣬾һֱƬǺӣҲûʲôģɷչһ
ΨһǣҲǰʶˡ
Ӿ룬Ȼûʲôѡ
Ѫ䣬Щĺ߶ԭѪϵѪţЩŵĳԱɶ£Ҳ֪ˡ
£ʱ䣬һûȥѪϿ϶һЩʣսŻѪ
Ѫ˳˵ڣұҪȥһˣպøһǻȥѧԺǱǻȥ鶼úá
Ҫȥÿ֪ܲܰһأɲȥܻȥġ
ݺһƲƲ
ţҲֻܵʱٿˡ
ѪƵĵ˵ͷ
ǵȻǰȥ԰֪һѣҪȻһʲô⣬Զżܾܿͳ⡣
ʱڣ˿԰ȷչһʱ䣬˵ҲǺҪһʱ䡣
֮ǰԶżУõ˲쾧֮ʱ˷һˡ
͵õö쾧֮쾧ƷƷֵһǧսŹѫ
õĴ֮ҲֵϾҪʮһһֵģھֻʣˡ
õЩ֮δֱȥеĴ֮Ǽص˾ڲռУȥʾġ
Ҫ̫࣬ʱȴ̫٣ʾĵ򣬵ǰܹʵһֶˣȰʱ仨档
ڴ֮գֽ׶ող̤뵽ؾûϤһӵеȽ׵
ڲռ䣬ʾĵʱȻҲһˣ˵ܹĵط࣬Ǻˡ
ôʣµҲֻнʾˡ
ǣһھڲռУճʾһ۱ܼԷ
վһǵõ˽ʾĵĻᣬֻϧȴδ
΢Ц˵˫֮Щп֮ɫ
ͦôҪȥȽѣҲ﾿ʲôط֮⣬һж൱
˵ͷһЦ˵
ǷųȥЩϵ̽ⷨܲʲôְɣ죬ЩӦþгǧľˡ
Դ˻ǱȽڴġ
ֻһϣ֪ƬǺΧЩʲô
ƬǺӷԲһΧĻվ㣬Ҳ÷ɳľܹϡ
ҪȻĻƬǺӿͱ˷ˡ
ضһƬ޿ռ䣬еǺӲŻ񣬹̽ⷨĲϣжٶȲ죬ϾҪΧпܴڵһȻƮĸоκΪļЩɡ
ÿʱ䣬Щ̽϶ԳΧɢȥľ룬Ȼ¹ȥҲɳӣǺӲرңԶ
˵ÿͨռ˲Ƹ·ɳǧľ룬УҲһ㡣
Щ̽ϵȻôˣΪȥͨ˲ǰĻһ־ͻ֪ڲЩ̽ϣ˵ɲǼ顣
̽϶ʱǲᴫʲôϢˣ㰲ʾģͬˡ
ǸԼȥ
׺磬˱ʮ壬С뿪ǺУĳƧ֮ѰҵһƬռ䡣
ƬռУʮһŬܿͺһɳǣɳռطΧٿǧ档
ǰΪԺ׼׼һˡ
ף磬⸸˸ֳһöƬܹɳƬǺӣûʲôҪĻǿ϶뿪
˭ԼЦסˣǳεģСҲ˽Ӵ֪⸸˿ףԲŻύƬ
֮ĿǷչ׺ȰĲ֮ˣܾûеõȵķչˣԴӰ֮ҿʼһֱϦĵԼĵ̣һ˴ŵĵ̣
ͬǽϵ̫֮Զ԰˵ʥǸѵ
ױѡţһڣ׼ǰʥĽаɫâþռĿ顣
ͨǾֱӽ̫أһѵᣡ
ܿͳˣ֮⣬ȫԼĻǰûܹɹ̫ء
ò˳ԤϣҪ̫أ൱ߵģǻþսͷǳѣ
ȻʧˣȴҲõ˺ܶ౦ޱȵľ飬ʶԼһ档
ʱԼӵеԼǣڻþսԼľ񣬶ԷȴЩض£ʩչЩֶβЧġ
ķչ졣
һߣǵɺ˾ԪĹӰԱ
Ӱܹһˣһ·ڰ֮ʱ򣬸һɱ塢Ĵؾǿߡ
ʣӰһٶսǷǳǿģٶλ׵磬Ҳλףɺ˾Ԫ˾׾ҲѾԶˡ
۵սĻӰЩ˻㲻̫ǿǵս˵ҲĶˡ
ʱɺ˾ԪǰֻĴڣڣ̤λףԽսˣҲʲô̫⡣
ǣӰЩǿߵǿ֮ȴǿ棬ӰֶΣǸľƿȣҲǺѷɫġ
ټϣӰ֮ȫһĽ󷨣׶ᱻסɼʵսУӰܷӳãԶǵΪġ
ƬǺУ֮󣬹ӰһٶҲ׷׿ʼƽʱҪʮΪһΣǺӽѲ֮⣬Ҳʼ
ҪľʥģӰֻҪ룬ܹǰʥĲþ飬˾ȵǣӰĳԱͨ⿼ıͱȰҪöˣﵽһô࣡
Ҳ˵ʮȥμӻþ飬ܹͨɹ뵽̫С
ҲԭڣӰ֮˾ս̫̫ˣԼֶζϤ͸ɲЩûоʲôˡ
˵ʮ屻ϳ˰ǣûЩһʲôսʼնֻˣԣνս飬Ҳͼ൱ûˡ


1334 
Ӱϰˣи޴ƣǾھϵĳԱ϶оӡڵġ
ÿ˵ţھӡܹȫõҩմ֮֮ǰһµġ
˵ӡھҲֻ˻ᣬЩӰ֮˲ûоӡģЩ׷֮㽫ӡЩš
ǿ߶ģЩǿ߱ȫյҩҩ顣
⣬ֻ˵ھ۴֮һˣɼ۵ʵΣҪԽڽ׶ε塢ǿߵġ
˾ӡ֮󣬹Ӱ˵ٶȽӿһһʱڣв˴λ̤λ׾磬ʵ
ʮ壬˿ڻСܿܳΪмؾǿ߼Ҳʮʮ
ʱ˵սǸȲϹӰϰ˵ġ
ңʱȥӰٶȿҪȰ˿ܶࡣô˵͹ӰǽǺеҪɲ֡
СסѪ䡢˵СУûʲôǿֵýгˣСУǿҲֻǵ۾ĲΣǰĽһġ
Ǳؾģ˶ὫԷǰͳԶԷܶ࣬ҲǸԷһõǰ;
ȻҲǾԡ
С׵СУͶһЩؾǿߣȻвϳѡСģԼѡ񣬶ѡˣǳǺӣҲԸġ
ҵǵ۾ĻսǱߵҲýֻһһˣ
ѪЩźϧ
С׵ûʲôѹһֱǶŷǱѰս߽߳ҳɹ
ûʲôǣңȫһɢˣʱʶѪ䣬Ҳ˹û뵽һƬǺС
С׺Ѫ䣬ӵöƬʵһҪһöҲ㹻ˣʱҲûʲôܹиģʱԼˡ
С׵СУ͸ûʲôǿˣС˵СȫԼʵõģ᲻ýСе鶼תƵǺ
ԣǺӷΧڣֽ׶ҲֻӰ塢ӰѣǼ徲
رطΧȻΪǺӣǾһǺôķΧѪǺӡǺ֮ķΧȣҲС˶ˡ
֮ûʲôѹľҪСˣİ׷꣬Ǻвεͬʱ쾧֮ǳ⣬Ҳڳ߶δ׾ѸٱƽºܿͿԵõͻƣ̤뵽һľˡ

˶磬似ͨģŬǿʵ
ʾĵҲԽԽˣٶȣȴԽԽҲ󣬱ϾʾģҪԲ򵥣ԽǵڣҪٶȾԽ
ʼʱһʱһɵʾģڿʼʱһɵʾġ
Ϊֱ˽ϵ̫֮Ľ
ǾԣһٶȾͱҪϲˣΪ֮ǰһʱ䣬˲ٽϵ̫֮ʾĵٶҲõ
ԣȻ֮ǰһЩʾľº˫ʾĳ̶ȿҲò࣬ᱻ׷
£ȻЩƣȴҲԼż
ȥʱ仹кܶ࣬ûҪһʱڸĲಢʾĵٶϣϡ
Ϊ棬˫Ĳֱ˵رҪһָͷͿ԰ѹϾԷĻǿ˲֪ٱҪѵĻǱȰְִӻҪ򵥵öࡣ
Ҳֶβ٣ǿԲһֱԼεǿߴһ
ĻĶоܹӳսˡ
º
ɵʾģϻǱҪһЩʱͳȥ̽ڿʼ½һЩõϢ
ڵһǼ̽һѲСӣδԷ̫ע⣬ȴԷֱӴݻˡ
Щ̽ϵ̽ⷨ󣬶ֱӴͼ֪Ե֮㽫ټ˵һ
ѲСӣ֮ǰûмǳԶ̽ⷨһͼû취ͼչֳֻ΢һ¡
һ˵ţһСף̬ǹ壬ÿһ嶼һ̯ɫҺ壬ҺźܶˮݣЩˮӦòٿЩԼĸ֪Сף𣿡
ж󣿡
Сױɵģһ˵ĻʱͰɫһһ䡣
һСɫҲʶС⡱һ£ѲʲôΪѲ壿
ȭͷСۣܲʵԲ
ݵҪС̽ϣȴһоͽȫƻˣҪһģ壬ҲٵôﵽؾΪ
Ҳ˵ѲСӵһ壬ؾģ
Сɫٱ䣺˵ģȭͷСĻɫҺ壬ˮ壬ڼϵ伮࡭ص˵ǣˮĽ֮ңл彮򣡡
⣬˵ˣ
һʱȫɫһڡ
Ǻˮ彮򸽽ĻǿһǳΣյλã˵ǸΪ
ţǺӾ彮һľ룬ǸԿԽľ롣
彮򣬴ҲͷԲʮӣ彮Ҳࡣ
ΪҪƾпռ˲ƴУٵһʱܴһҪ֪һһĳԶ롣
֮ǰݺǴǺӴеǺӣܾҲ򲻵ֻС彮򣬻ʱӡǴܹڶʱڵҪȻ뻨ʱ䡣
ÿһǺӣʵرÿһǺ໥֮޾գȴǼԶûʱӡǴĻҪɹѵʱǰġ
ʱ彮һ·ɵǺӡҲ˺üµʱ䣬ԲǼ򵥵ܷɵġ
˶û뵽ǺӣȻھ彮ңԶĵط
һٸҲ˵ѾԶ彮뵽廷ŵ磡


1335 廷
С׵ĻõϢɫÿ
ǸɫÿĻںͷ
ɨһˣһˮͰųˣҪ߸λǣˮ֮⣬ҷų̽Ѿյͼҽһ塣
һӦþС˵ˮˣȭͷСĻɫҺ壬ˮݣĸ
ڶ壬ηǳ޴ͬɽ壬ߴɣÿһ嶼ɫʯͷɣʲôʯͷҾͲˣ濴ܱأʵϺЩ̽ϵͬһʱ䣬ͷԾ룬ֱӽ̽ϸˡ
˵仰ڳɫһ䡣
һδ壡
Сһ˸ƲƲʯ壬伮أʯǳǿ󣬲ÿһʵԶͬޣʵԨܹɵѹԨ塣
ðɣʯ壬ˮ壬ʲô壿һ˵ɡ
ѪɫһڣֱӶʵ
иλϤģ塣
˵ȻܲöԸٶ˵ˣֻʯˮ壬彮彮ڣмҲ͸˸սˡ˵ȷΧ֮УΪϤһˡ
ģȻǻ塭
Ѫɫøˣŵ۾սսܳʱˣȻ֪ǶôԶԸһ塣
ˣҲЩ⣬û뵽ƬǺӾȻڻĽ򸽽
𣿡
ݺһʵ
ûԿóڵķΧ彮Ľ紦ֵǣ໥֮ӦòûпսûսǱôҡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҲֻʱսɣϾʵ̫ˣÿ彮Χ壬ս϶ǳѣ˫ս³Խ£ʱսǧҲ顣
С׳㷢ֵЩ壬ӦöǲһƬѲߵģһ˵ҵս£ǶȽŶԡֻǲ֪Щ嶼໥սˡ
սԽãԽΪǵѲѾճĥʱ飬ô
Ѫ˵ͷ˵
ȶԺҪǷչĻѵҪôΣյĵط
Щᣬλ岿峤ڴʮˣļشһжҪΪ롣
Ǿȥʥе̫أ
ЦЦĿһס
ϵ
һĸ׼򣺡Ҿط̫ҶԽϵ̫֮ǿ˺ܶ࣬ȥһʱܹȫˣǳ󡣡
ʱڣЩ϶עⲻߣҶڰȫ⣬ȾѾ۹ˣƬɵķϣ֪Ҳٿصľ֮ڣ㵽ʱʲôΣգܿ϶üġ
˵ͷ˵
Ǻʲôˣ飬ĺʤģ廷ŵΣ
һܹȥ
ң˶һԶż֪ڴУϾƫһ磬Դƶ񤣬ʵС
Ȼ壬ǲòʵ
õ֯ѧԺÿҲѵһڶһʥмһٶľȣʵ̫ˡ
ԣεĴ磬ȥ̽ȥ
ڣǺӱһᣬͬ뷨ĻкݺСף˵ھԶż֮󣬶뷨
ֻͱȽϴ彮̫ãδҪ뿪彮ڲŲ̫ܽʵ
Ĳ㣬ǲܹͨǺӺ彮֮䣬Ψ֮ӣڶǰٷ֮ȷС
һףУҲǾܿʱȥģԹһӣͺݺѪҪȥһˣҪҪȥһźˣƬȽǱܡ
šˡ
ɫصĵ˵ͷ廷ŵĻЩľģҪľǻ
ףȻżѹȣļ࣬վ塣
δ̫ûɱʲô壬ԣһֱͣڴԵĿֲµӡϡ
Ȼ˺ܶ࣬Щûۼֻ֤˵Ȼ̫ӡ
ǺУľչһע⣬ǺӶ᲻
˵ǵʱͨʱ룬Ҳпǣ塣ڿǻ彮·Բһٸϣ彮Ҫʮҿɲãǽ彮ڲʲô鷢
СˣǺӴ˵жǸйص޿ռ䣬Ƭ
ЦЦολҲ̫ڽţֻҪǲ뿪ǺӣѷǺӴڵģҪȻҲôʱû巢ռˡ
⻰˵ĵǲ˿
򵥵˵ǾͰطܵĺ԰ӵ̫Դֻ԰طȽңԶҪȥ彮Ƚѣˡ
Сɵ˵֪Χ廷ţȻûɼ̬൱ġ
벻硭û׼أ
ѪͷлǿóЩ˷ɫġ
磬彮ڵһ˵ٻ˵Ϊʵ̫ңԶˡ
磬Ǿ彮ңԶĴռ䣬ĳԱҲ֪϶廷ŵȴ֪ϸ
Χһٸҵĵطˮ塢ʯȵȣǻ¹Ӧļء
ңԶĵطص伮ˡ
СĹļص伮Ҳϰ֣彮Χ壬⻹ֻһٸΧڵ
˭֪絽жô
ûκ֪
ˣ֯ƺ壬֮Ψһϵܳһʱ䣬ûм˵ĳԱ彮ˡ
һţһϵ˾СбѺʦ
ʵܹﵽ۵ĲΣҲܹ廷ŵе˰ɣ壬Ǵδֹ
ȴǶԴ˷ǳڴ
Ȼϣһ³۷ôУ


1336 ֪
˵һ֮鶼ЩƣȴҲЩ˷ܺͼ
硭ǿߣҲûô˾͸˵ˣҲ˵嵱УǾǼܹаġ
ô˵ǺӻǱȽϰȫڣǵҲûжôš
ţ˱㿪ʼ׼֪ˡ
ΪʱҪˣͺݺҪص彮ȥѧԺμһЩ
ȻѪҲûȥһˣѪϵĵ۾¶һ£ҪôɢǻȥѪǺӣҪô͸һǺӡ
Ͳ뿪ˣϾ֮ʵǿҪǺӡ
Ȼ㽫֮ǰԶżеõԴ̫𾧵ϣʬȵȣȫͺݺȥһԴȻʱǺӡ
ԴȻûʲôҪǻҪܳһʱˣϾҪѧԺҲҪһʱС
СҲȥһˣΪû㹻Դȥ֮ϴԴǺ߾ٵ߶δ׵ΪС
һҪȥľĸݺѪ仹Сס
Ϊ˽ͻȥҪľǽŮ֪ҵĲл껽ѣ֮󣬺ܻܿһʯӶߣҲûа취顣
԰ɡ
ܲһֱǺӣôܶ˸巽ϵ˵緢չȴҲǺӳΪµ
֪ңξˣΪ֪Ҳٿ˾۵ֱܹĽʽ
ˣȫǺУ뿪Զż
ΨһˣصԶżУҲʥУϾʥ֮ʮķϣǶһʯⷢҲаȫϡ
ʥУвٹӰϣŵǡ
ţȻĿ񣬿ʼʥſڣ֮ͨž֮
Ľ綼ɾ֮Ͳӵоӡˣתȴ֮򻹸֮еϵ
֪ңмֻܹ㣬
һһ˳ž֮ͳȥһʼûнյκλӦһһƺյһĻӦ
ҡǡ
֪ҵĲл꣬ƺЩҵ״̬УԺӣƺ̫˽״
һһ鴫֪ͣҵĲлԽԽѣҲ˿
û취֪һѣĻҪȥ彮ļƻɾˣõǣ֪˳ı˹
Ȼ㽫Լٵ֪ҽһ飬֪ҶЩԾ
ʲôǾȻУ
֪Ȼֻʣ²л꣬ǧ֮ǰ彮׻ԱվǴɵ
ۿҪﰲӪҲû취˵ʲôֻܽԼ״̬˵һ¡
ԭ֪֮Ѿһʯȫѹסˣʱ뿪һҲᵼʯ⡣
ֻѹҪϵĽУܹһֱάȥ򵥵˵֮ÿ¿뿪һΣ֮ڣһҪ¹ѹʯҪȻĻʯͻ⣬ԶżŰ
ÿʱУ˵ǲҷˡ
ⷬҲ˿Ҳˣѵ治ܽʯ񳹵ƻ
ǲٿž֮Ҳܸоǲһ㡣
֪Щɥ˵
ɣ㷴ѹʯʱ򶼿ţһйɱǰ۶û򵽵ģԣһˣǿ϶ܹݻʯˡ
һ˶Է
ڶ˵֪Ҿܹε֮һΪԷԸΪѹʯ˶ʧȥɡ
ܹһģﻹܲΣ
֪ԣҽյ˹ɱʱЩ⣬˵ɴδ˻Լϣʽ򡭡
Ҫ֪ǧǰû˵ţֻһۣ֪ɱĲξǱһЩ޾Ʒ似Ҫܶġ
̲סЩ¶ѹʯӣʵ̫ˣ²ܹʱõɡ
ңõɣҲûʱ˿ʱڻ֪ҪѶʱ䣬Ҳһ졣
ӿ϶ĵҪɱ㹻ˣһҪܳܳʱ䡣
Ҫ֪۶ûܹĹ֪Ҫ򣬾ԲһһϦ飬һ顣
Ȼˣҿ뿪ȥΪǴͨʱҪλʲôط
֪Ҷʵ
ѪǵʱӡǣֱӻصѪǸͺˡ
ȥ
á
֪ҴӦȻ׼뿪Զż

֮۷ΪǿȣǿĴ֮һˣٿкаԵȴûܹκε
ڣ֪ҵĲٿ£֮ԶżгǺӵС
һԿţԴ˶Ϊο
ÿ¿Ϣ죬ҪȻ֪ǶʯԶżйĵʲôء
Ѫҵ˵
ҵǣлܹȥԺҲܻ
СһԲ˸죬˵õǲܹȥ彮򣬶˵õϢˣ֪˵ÿʱԿһʱĻܹ彮Ǻӵʱˡ
̫Զ˵ܹܵʱ䣬˶֪Ըм
˭֪֪ҪѹǶһʯڼϢ컹øǹʱ˿»Թ
ڣ֪֮ǰ׻ʥĹƯǧ֮ã˼ΪǿԸԾǳܹ
˵ܹʲôģѾܲˣ֮ǰʥĹƯǧҪȤöˡ
˵Χ£֪ұݾ֮ʼΪ˿ٳʱ
ʱԳʱ䣬СףʱӦܸ㶨˰ɣ֮󣬼ʱͿˣҪôһˣҪôѪŵЩһ
ѪСʵ
ʱ䡭ȥսѼһԴӦ㹻ˣǻҪעǣʱɲñ˸ˡ
С۾˵ڵǺгʱϢ϶ܹԶ֪ǺӵĴҲͱ¶ˡ


1337 ص
С׵Ĺǣû˸ҺӣʱϢĻԻܴ鷳
Դˣ֪ȴǸһĺˣƾ֮ȫ֪Ŀٳʱʱ䣬ɢκϢǷĻȥ¾Ϳˡ
ԣȻϲ⣬˵һ£ȫп֮Ȼǿ
ʱϢΪŨҪڸѰǿ߶û֮ǰҪ͵Ϯ彮ʱΪڸʱϢֻǲͷӹüһԱⷨ
ھԱⷨڸ£ûзʱҪȻܸôõ͵Ϯᡣ
ԣֱܹ֮ʱϢһ˵⣬ȴҲǼΪ㡣
֪֮ҲлĲٿ£ӶһԶż뿪ǺӵС
ȻѪѪʱӡǣʼλ彮еǸΧڴУҪʱԽԶҪԽʱϱڡ
ǺӾǺӵѪһٸѰǿߣҪʮ£ܹ˺ʵʱϱڣʱ
֮ĻȫҪôʱˣֻҪһʱ䣬ȫ㹻
˵ĹУ֮ʾĵȻϺʱϱڡ
ֻдﵽڣܹüʱϱڣֽ׶һԹۿ޷óʲôŵ
һʱ䣬˹۲ž֪֮ڵǶԾ֮ǿ˸εʶ
ǿľ֮ʮһ𣬶֣⻹ֻǹ⿿֮
ȫʢ״̬µľۣʵضǿᣬǿᵽ˶ĵز
һʱȥʱڱ˳ޱȺʵʱϱڣ֪Ҳٿؾ֮ƿȻһʱֱͨѪǸԶյС
ˣʱᱣ죬Ҫȥѹһʯ񡭡ԣҪ뿪һˣ֮ھ͵ûˡ
֪Ҷ˵ȻÿҶͬĵص㿪ٳһʱ죬ʱҪǺӺ彮ĻԼպʱ䡣
û⣬лˡ
֪ĵĸлϾ鲢ǶԷʲôҪģ֪ҵȷܹεġ
ʲôøлǴƬĹнҴأҪȻԶֻܱ
֪Ϊϲ˵ҿ˾֮˵㻵£ԺҪĻܹǶһʯȫݻ٣û˺֮ǣҲܳԵһˡ
š
֪ҵ룬Ȼ谭˵ʵھһǧĹ¼֪֮ڼûʲô׷Ψһ׷¾Ҫ磬Զĵط彮֮⣬Ǹʲôڡ
ȻһУڵ˵ֻǸΣ붼Σжһʯǣ֮⣬ΪǾ֮
֮ǿȴ޵УѹһһʯҪѼȫɼ֮ҲԴ۷ǿߣֻʱ֪ûʶѡ
Ҫǣ֮ݵȷЩСΪܾǰɱǿڣ֮ĳ˿϶Ǳضڵģ壬۽ʥȫˣҪڳ־֮Ϣ϶Ϊ֮ڣ㾡ȫ֮Ҫ֮ס
ԣʱ˵֪˵Ҳֻˡ
ʱ֣㵽˸뿪ʱˣܹ뿪СסѪ䡢ݺ彮ûʲôǣҡ
ǰ壬彮ûʲô룬ǾȥܻȥĶ
ڵǺӰǣͽʮǻȥҲܻȥˣǸԭİ˵ȫ˹ϵ
ˣλȥһߵ֪ͨʥ֪ҪҪĻǿһһչ衣
˵
˶֪˵ľǴгһȺˣʥۡܰϦȵһȺˣѪϽսʵٶӦҲͦġ
ԴûʲôҪǺӣȻԽԽãȻָ˵Ȼ츳ԽԽá
ѰСе飬һܹΣ츳Ҳ㹻ûбҪǺв뽨ˡ
˵Щ֮˱㳯ʱڴ˹ȥ
˵У˺ܿͽ뵽ʱƬǺʧˣ֮̾ʱڴĵȷȷڸסʱһϢ
֪ĻﾹȻһʱܲ
۷ǿߵʵΣĴڶֻĪ

ʱС
ڶνʱ֮ǰһεʱ̫ƷΪ˴󹦡
һΣȴǴ뿪ص彮ȥҪ뵽ѧԺȥͬͬʱʱľҲȫͬ
ʱӦòᱬսͲ̫¯ˡ
еϧ̫¯Ļһܺõᣬϧ̫¯ĳ֣Ҫ۾Ա۲ܵ㼶ǿ߶ġ
ԣ̫¯ĳֵȷǼѵã֮УҲΨһǿ̫¯ЩڰеǿߵĻǵڶ̫¯ˡ
ȥ֮ټѪϵĵ۾ţǻѡǻصѪȥǸһսȻʱҲҪȥĶֱǾ֮ٿǷǡ
Ѫ˵
ҾֱȥսŶһһЩԴݺһȥɣкܶʬǣֵ̫ߣԼȥĻһʲôͲˡ
СЦŵȻô߼ֵĶҪһ㹻ԴҲֻǰǺӵսܲһһҲúܳʱ䣬һѫ²޶ȵĽʡʱ䡣
á
˵ͷһѫóˡ
ʱдУܿ㵽ʱһͷʱŵ飬һ̱ЩȴȻҴ⡣
ϣκⶼпܷ˵ʱ˸߶˵Ĵڣһ뿪ڵʱʲô⣬Ҳûпܵ顣
ڽŵУ̤ʱ
彮ڻŻˣ
̤ʱ֮󣬲ſһۣѪһϳ⸽ĻȷѪǸɣ˿


1338 ѪǱ
ص彮ȫ˿
һʱھȻͬһڿնһ㣬ȫ֮ǰѤã֪Ҳٿصľ֮ȷǿ˿ʱϢĳ̶ȡ
ǳ׷׼ȥԼˡ
ȥټҵĵǣ⡣
ѪٺһЦһʧǰǴ߶ռֱ˲ˡ
ҵôżϾûǵ۾Ż֪ʲôأҪٲսŷ涼Ҫ۾Ÿɢˡ
СЦŵ
ţȥɣҲҪȻȥѪһˣЩǶڲڣҸš
ݺһۣԵͷȻС˵
Ҹһȥɡ
С˸ЦŵҿҪһѫأֱӴ߶ʱӡǴüϵǺӵսܲ
ûһѫµĻѪľųݣҲҪȴʱӡǵĿȻȴʱ̺ܶ࣬վҪȴ
ĻҪǰǺӵսܲҪһʱ䣬һؾ졭
ʱٹʱʧˣֻ֮ܵٻȥ
С׿ɲôá
׼ߣһѫµĻҪȴֱӴ߶ʱӡǴͣʱܵǺӵľܲˡ
ȻҲνСԣ͵ǸѵıںˣҪʲô飬СܲӲܣҪ֪һǸδ׵ǿߣ
߶δ׵۷ΪҲѾ벻ԶС߰ȫ϶ܹϵˡ
Ѫ뿪֮ʣҲԳ֮УСǳԶѪѸ˲䴫͹ȥ
մԽٶȷǳ죬˲ϢҰΧڵѪת˲
ܿ죬˱Ѫϵ³ֱͣ˾סĳһƬͥԺƽʱΪƺЩ֣Ҳ֪ô¡
˲δ̴г֣ǳУС黯һɫ⣬ȻһƬһͥԺУ۲һ
ȻĿ֮ȴһȺ£üͷ΢壬ʱ䣬ѪҲûѵѪϾѾʼˣ
ӴӴӴȻǺ£ǺټС֣Щˣ츳
С۾۲ͥԺеȻ˵
ʱ˿̣һȥͼͥԺеŭ֮ɫµȺš
˶ڣϤĲ˶ˣзܰƷͷСˣǷܣҲǺ˶Сеء
֮⣬Ϧ衢ջīˣܹʮˣԶԷµʮˣȴЩġ
Ҫǣ֮ΪߵϦ裬ʱ˿̣ҲŲǵ۾ĲΣµУȴؾǿߣ
Ȼֻλ׺һλףϦ˵Դеֵġ
һ˻͸ˣԭȺѪǸһľ֮ˣѪ䳤ʱûйټսϱѪԶżеѶսѾͨ棬ҪɢѪϵĵ۾ţ
Ҳ͵£ѪʣµһЩԴַΧһЩ۾ţսġ
ΪˣսųԱԾųѪϻֵ
ϦڵƬͥԺУ൱߼ϵλģԱǰʮ˿ϣҪǿռݳΪԼĸݵء
벻ͷȻѾ˵̫ˣֻ˵˱ѪѶ˼ѪѾˡ
С۾״֮Ϳʼ˼״ԭ򣬺ܿҵ˴𰸣ô˵ֻǸһǼΪˡҪżмǰ𣿲һڸըˡϴ飬ǰʶӦò飬ôͼп׺һˡ
׺֮꣬ԱѪһ̽żΪǵѪǸһѪϢϱǱܹϷһѪϵԴڴǰҲܶˣҪǣԶżУ˭ʲô
Сһ˵һҡҡͷȻû뵽׺ˡ
ôһ˵Ҳ۾۲һǰʮˣȻǺһģȫĳԱ
ױǿߣĵ۾ţȻˣѪѪһ
֣ײһ˿Уʱ˭ըԶżĳڣѾȥ̽ˣڶԷȻôߣҪռѪǣѹѪԭˣ
Ϊ˭϶ޱȵġ
ʱ䲻ֱ࣬ӳְǸ㶨ɡ
ԺݺС˵
ɱҵĴ֣ƾʮһһ˶㹻˲ƽ˰ɡ
СȴǾ˫Ͷ״΢΢𣬲ûȤܡ
˵ĻҲûдһλףλףȫǵ۾ǵ۾֮䣬˵۾бȽǿһСӣûκεֿ
ûʲôʱЩ棬ԸŪֱӾʹ˳ͥԺ˵ǰ
һӰϦǶʱһ㶣ȻиֳһĨȵϲɫʣû뵽Ȼʱǰ
ȻҪû뵽š
Ҫ֪֮ǰϢ˵ԶżڱѪ䡢ݺȫѾͷˡ
ϢϦһֱĵڣȴû뵽ͻȻ֣һЩɻ󣬰᲻ǳ˻þ
飬֪һжǻþ
ĵȷȷȻţʵƺٴ˲٣
һ˭
һ֣Ϧɫ仯ܴʮĵ۾ǿ߶Щ֡
λףСӣ޹أҪ£ǶԼ
Ϊ׵λ׳˵ƬͥԺֵǿˣҶսŵˣﶼһΪսףȻѪѾˣѪϵԴҲܾװ˷ѣ
˵ĵǹûʣҲͦеսŵˣĶһȻˣǻǴĶĻĶȥɣһ䣬ѪûѾˡ
ⲽʮ嵭˵ʼռΪ׵λϡ
⵭񣬺˵Ļʮȫɫһ䡣
Ѫû
˵ɲǸϢ


1339 ɽ
ʮˣ˵ĻЩĻţϾѪҪûĻǽЩôɾ͵òˡ
ʲôˣ彮ʲô˵ƽ໥Щ飬ȴҲܵġ
Ϊ׵λɫһᣬֱ˵׺ޱȡ
Ҳסܹܲܣ
ȴǾЩЦ˵ѪѾˣطҲҰĵط
˵֮ⷬȴǾ˵ôϻȫûãԷ϶ˣöԷѪѾˡ
˵Ѿ˼öԷȥѪѾӸɴģֱʵ˵
ʱǺܱģ֮ڽһЩ飬ȻҪȥǺӵ˶·
ԣûʱ˷ˡ
ٺ٣Ǻӣһƾʵ˵ʵԽǿռԽԴ
λ𣬲ϧǣѻ˵Ļᡣ
ʶöԷȥʱ򣬶ѾΪע飬ʲôʱҲûνˡ
򣡡
УȻ󹹽һ򣬷ֹԷκ˴ѣţۣ˲ʩչ˵һ֣֮ͨ
ʱ˿̣۵ľУɵʾģ֮ǰžֳֵ֮ٶҲ˼֡
Էڲ˵ȴû뵽ȻֱӶ֣һʱûӦдܳ׹ֱֱۣӽλ׽ס
ģ
λŭһȻˣԴУǾͳȫ㣡
ĵȻλܹΪ۾ŵĶӳʵ϶еģһ±Ȼֶ֮ȥ
ţһɫ˲볡УУ
һ֮£ֱӷɹȥȻˮϵ̫֮ʩչֶΡ
ǿˮϵ̫֮ڳУϮЩȫУֲȥ
ʲôֶΣȻ̫֮
еλɫ䣬ȫû뵽Ȼܹ̫֪֮ĻܸԿ
ⲻ
ȫӽ
λһһ̧֮㽫ʮȫ뵽ԼСС
ΪȷʮǾԲֵܵסһģ
ԼǴ߶һĵʹȫþз
£Ȼ󼴽֮ʣλ׽ҧأѱ֤Լܴܲлôܶ䡣
С飬ͣɡ
λ׶ҧһı壬Сʾͣ£ȻԷѾˣֻǰӲˡ
ȻǾûҪϾɱҲɱսŵˣô˵սŵĳԱֵصģս϶¸ҡ
δ㱻ջأлصԣȴûȻάž
Уλȫ亹״ǻָ仯Ρ
⣬ʸմ
λ׻˼ѵĲͷʵ

ʵش𣺡Ͻ߰ɣѪһˣԣ԰ϢǾŵˣңǵľų֪
Ȼ㣡
λ׶ʱһ㵡
֣ȻǰθսеĴӢۣʹǺˣ
Ҫ֪λĻҶˣҪ֪ӵһѫµӢ۰
ʲôԭ򣬶һѫµӵ߶֣ǾսŵϣصɱΪǸսŶԿ
ôһ룬λײ鶼һˣʲô°
ȥȥųˣ
λæ˵Ȼ˸񣬲ΪһѫµԵʣΪոһᣬӵнߵ˾塣
ţߡ
ȻŶԷһ⣬˲շ˴˵ء
ȻתͥԺеϦⲽȥȺսʿû˷Ѷʱ䣬黹ǲġ
磡
ۿ߹˰಻סУﱼ˹ϦСѾͷ
һ˵Ϧ˫۽Ƕ˸Ų⣺Ҿ˵ôܾˣȻЩһﶼƭ˵ġ

ȻջīҲⲽ¶ϲɫ
磡
СɺͷƷֵܸǿ첽ܹ˫žϲȻÿγ֣ܽһ鷳
ҲǸպֻǸսŵСӰˣǾų⣬Ҳúаֲˡ
Цһ˵ʵ
ȴֻ⵱ǫˡ
磬ʱ㶼ȥĶǶõ㣬ɩ϶Ҳû°ɣ
ܰѾͷ˵ֹӷŵζ˵ݺһת˺
ڷܰ˵еġɩӡȻָݺˣһ˶Ѿͬ˵ˡ
Ҷû£λͷĺˣλҪиҪλ
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һۣͥԺ˲ֻ࣬ʮһ䣺˶𣿡
˶ȥˣȥ³Ǽϳ۵ҩˣһֱڼﰡ
ܰЦܿˣʱ˿̣֮ٲȻ˵һ
ڷܰ츳ͲܣҲǺŷģȻǺĻ
ϦԱߣ§첲֣ϲ̵ӣСѾͷȫֳݵУء
ȻѾͷ˵СҲСˣżʱѾͷϦһʱͻСȴҲѾͤͤĴˡ
Ϊ඼ǵ۾ϣûдﵽǵ۾ģҲЩļˡ
ȻǵõʹеϦ裬Ҳǵ۾ΪؾһβСľ롣
ξ룬ӦúܿͿԿԽȥˣΪһԶżջķᣬСȥһ㹻Դ
ͥԺ֮УһΧ־ֻʮڡ
ֱϦ衢ջīܰСɺͷƷһЩ죬ȴôǵõˣˡĸŮǵʱƹ֮ˡ
躮Ҷֵʦѩȵȣܹʮˡ
˵ʵЩرΣϾЩ˵ĽҲ˵Ҳ˵ȫˣֻһ˵ʵҵһķչص㣬ȻǵطȽƫƧԴ϶ȱλԸĻһǰǸط
û˵Ǻӣֻ˵һչĵط˷롣
û뵽һ뿪Щ⧲Ϧ˻ֱۣ磬㵽ĶҾ͵ĶԺСˡ


1340 гͻ
Ϧ˵ĻǾЩơ
һֱСôУʱҲԼСأһֱСͷСָٶȽ١
ҡҡͷЦϦͷȻ̧ͷ˵ĿȵС˴ǵǸط
˴ǣأ
Сæʵ
һҪȥѧԺһˣ֪Ҫã֮ܶȸǰǵطûˣҿԱ֤ǲڡ
ص˵
ǵطʥĺ̫ڣȥ˵ȻܺڣȥǺӵĻԴ㹻ģҲҪΣ֮⣬ҪǱΪ˵Ǹĵط
˵һ䣬ѪҲǰǸطԣԺֿ¾ͲѪˣûŵ£Ժ»鷳ϡ
ʵʵ˵⻰Щв˼ȴǺʵʵԼҲϣ˶ǰǺǱ޵ġ
ʱѾˣÿ¶ҪٽһսΣԼߣҪһĻᡣ
ǼѪϵĻܳʱ䶼õĻᡣ
ڳһιҪĻȫһͨʱ뿪£ٻȥ
֮ܶǺӵһһģص㡣
ⷬ˵ڳ˵Ȼκ˷ˡ
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Ʒ֣ص˵أӦҪȥ˾͸˵ˣǳˡġѩˣȻ֮佻٣Ǻŷģ׷׵ͷͬҪһȥ
ȻλӦˣǾͲ˷ʱˣȥҵ˵ɣ˳һöʣµ֪ȥĶ
һ˵ţһСеСװæһ
ҪǻͥԺҲˣôöҲһģСװæΪֻСǰ
ֻϴС˳֣ŻΡֶΣֻǸСɣʱȴΪʵá
ֻҪǴСгˣ϶ĳϢϢƽʱѱ𣬵Сȴа취ҳְ취ֱѡ
ͥԺô򽫻ΣֻˣŻ֣һЩص顣
ȻǺӵϢСȻǲУֻǸ֪ˣǲҪߣǵġ
ţ㽫ϦʮȫյСУȻͥԺ³ǵļзȥ
Ϧ˵ֺ˪Ůһȥ³ǼУһЩЩƳĵҩ˳չһЩϡ
ŮڹϵֵܲҲõʣµĲʺʯվûжá
˼Ѫʥ쵤ֵҩôɵģħееѶȶҪ˲١
ȻͬΪ쵤ҩ˼Ѫʥ쵤ⵤҩħееԵҩѶȻͬһΡ
˾³ǼвԶһξͷɵˣھ֮ӳ£ʶ֪Χɢ̽⿪ȥһӾ̽⵽Ůλá
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ܰ̾˿˵
ѪӦûˣЩһ۸ͷϡ
۾һֱ˲ƿգ·³ǼУֵԣ
ʱ˿̣ɫͨ죬Ե˪ŮҲߣǳŭӣֻƵҲ޷Է֮˶Կ
ԷΪ֮ˣһλ׾Ĺ幫Ӹ磬ѪҪһպѪѹΣҲ͸Źˡ
³Ǽ֮⹫ӸʱаҪ뵽֮С
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ڹӸԣһսСӣλǿ߱ŹӸ磬Դչ˻Ķġ
˵ûʲôӰ죬ˣԷͱô
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һӰ˪췴Ӧ˫жҲΪѾˣȴû뵽ʱͻȻͳǰ̲סԼǲΡ
һˣҶû£߰ɡ
˪ֺŮûô˵ģҪ϶ҪȵĻ˪㺣϶Ƕƴӣûɡ
ԣֱӾһ̧֣Ů֮С
ŮȻޱȵΣûκη鼤ľͽ뵽СУһĻǰǹĹӸһӾˡ
ʲôȻֱǰˣ
ӻԸⱻ˸СУ
˪һӡУ̺̫УͰŮʶģⲢֹӸҪռֵ˼
ִ彮ĹӸ磬ƽаԵˣиûйʲôģȫ޷졣
˵ǺӣҲһĲëʱʱŭˡ
СӣȻҺ£֪˭ô
ĹӸɫһڽŮӽӿԶ̣ҪȻĻ͵ɣ
Ȱ㻹ǱˣҪľԼˡ
Ů͵СУ˿⹫ӸûаȤ̾Ҫ뿪
Էȴ뿪
ߣûôף
幫ӸԼλ׵ʵҲûԱڰæֱӾһ̧֣ռ˲䱬ɢ˶һռϵС
һֱӰסˣ
ֻϧռ϶˵㲻ʲô΢̣һ̧һ֮˲Ͱǿռϸ߽ˡ
ǹĹӸһڵøˣһֺ̧ȵҰס
⻰Ƕλ׵ı˵ģҲһ־֮ĿռܹԸ˵ġ
Ȼλףλף⹫ӸҲףЩ˵ʵԲܴƾΪжϣ
ڵȻҲϲݣһӸ緢̾ͳ׼Ʒ


1341 λ
λ׶ԸλףһԶһ¾ûκģֻϧһ
Է׶ˣҲ뿪ˣȻҪǲ˳յϢôУ
˵Էλףȴû˿£˵ʵʵѰλ׸֡
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ˣС˭λ׾͸ҸλӶԿ
ʶͥԺǱߵˣѪųʲôϵɣҪҲʶλŮʦˡ
ѪųСӾҪͷʱ֣ҲʵڲǸʱ򰡣ǰԼȥˣ
Χָָ㣬۷׷ףóǶѪųЩøеģѪ֮ҲЩϧ
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ڼ˸ǹӸŸɣȻˬȴã϶ɲĹӸ硣
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λһ֣һһ˸أȻǲܹܣû뵽ǣûҪܡ
һֱ˼ſڣȻһֿ̧ռϷӡ£Ƭռ䶼˽ȥҪܡ
һǳƣ԰Ӱķǳͨʱ˿ֱ̧һƬҺɫӳ
Ի֮
һȣȻʩչͨ൱ͨһƬҺɫ£жֶ־˯ּǿľ񹥻ͨ
ϧǣĶƬҺɫʱ򣬾֮ʱطǿֱӽڵĻҺɫȫʹûܵЩҺɫκӰ졣
ֻҪﵽ׵ľ磬Ҫƾ辫񹥻ֶԸһ㣡
ȻԷڹ컯֮£ֱӶ֣ҲûҪˣֱ̧۳ǳɫռУϿվɱ
ϿʥȪУ˲Ϯ˶ԷڣֱѰ˶ԷڵĵطҪȥ̴
ԷȻҲޱȵľһȻһֻڵĴȫͻȻһԭʧˣɹ㿪İоɱ
֮⣡
ľ֮Чδֹͣʶ֪ǿȼߣһӾҵ˶Էλã߲Զĵط
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һ£ֱӽԷشԷ֪ǴʲôطĹ˵ֻǴ̴һֻ򣬵ڹ˵ȻǼҪĶ͸Ѫһ
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ôһسУ򵥵ķӾǽСӸɵ
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սдǺܶԶԷֶΣʩչʵƽַڶԷӰӳԼɱÿһӰӶǿ˵ҲûҪʩչʲôΧķֶΡ
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ʵÿܹ۳ǧö䰵ǣٶӰӶ˵ֻͬͲһ㡣
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һҧֱ˸ȥʮΣ
һ˦֣ͷųһжƷȫʮιţ˲佫ԷڵĿռȻ󽫶ԷС
Ʒһֶˣʮȥ֮󣬶ԷҪѳɲô׵顣
ٿԼʮʱ䡭ʮʱ䣬뱬һһһɵ
ţսǳ˵һ˻ڲԶϷռ䣬һԷҲæĻɾͲˡ
ŶԷԷһʮΣȻȶԸһ
ţҵĿꣿ
һλ׵Ĺӣ˫Ŀ֮ͨɫȻĶ΢̡
Լͬ齫ˣ͸оⳡսˣҪ֪սǱһ˸ǿһЩġ
λԶһʤ˵ǰٷٰ֮
ǺͫĹ꣬ۿԼͬסδô⣬ֱȡһѪս
Ѫս˶ɢһɺϢΧ֮ʶĴ˺Щ
Ӹ綼˼£վڿռ֮⣬ʱ˿ȴǼΪ˷ܣԣϽɵŮӸҴ
ǿŮ飬벻սŸǺӶܷҿ۽硭ǣսŵ𣿡
΢̣һ߳ǺͫĹȥһߵ˵
ΣҪһܡ
ǺͫĹﲻм˵ţѪսȻѪɫ޴Ѫսڴɱ


1342 ʰ
ѪޣͬȺħ裬ѪϢȫΧΧ֮˶Щ͸֪ٵѹ
Уȴԭ΢Ц˿ûҪֵЩѪɫ޵Ĵ㡣
ò˾ȣѵСӷֿˣ
Ҳ̫ܣԭزô£
ܿǾ֪ˡ
ΪЩѪɫ޵Ĵ£ǡɱ㱻˷飬ǰ˷飡
ʣֻǸ۳ľѣŶԷע⣬ֱĹŲӰƭ˶Էһ£ȻޣֱӳŶԷȥ
ԷԭصֻǸʱҪӦȴѾˡ
֡աֶΣʤƾ֮һʱ˿̣ѾȻ˶ԷȻȡ˳
޾Ʒս
һ̣һֶ˲ʩչԷշӦһкݵģֲ󱬷
ııһһƣ˲㽫Էݻ٣ײеĵϣڵײһӣ
ϮȥЩΧȺڶƷһƬλµĿռҲһ³ױɢҪ֮רҵֶξƿˡ
֮һƬǽ壬һλڻʮУʮαĳϮһΣҲЩҡҡ׹
ȶԷʮƿ£Ѿֱӷɵʮζϣˮϵֱ̫֮
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ԣԸļһû˿
ȴҲ벨ˣԴ߶ֱԱһȻͿʼ
򡭡ӦÿԵ󲿷ֵ˰ɣ
ţԼδھڲھ֮ڣֻʣʮκͱʮסĹλף
һ̣ˮϵ̫֮۶ɵ˲䱬ֲһжڵһжᣬ˷顣
ʮΣλףȫгױĨɱʲôûʣСӡǶһݻ٣ΪСӡǲʲʲô̵Ĳϡ
˿ֲױ㹻³ǼжΪƽأԾҪȻĻɵƻ
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㣬ݻͦģ㵱ʺˡ
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һս˵ֻǽСɫ˵ʩչ˲ɱﵲŽԷɵ˵ûɶѶȡ
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οд׼ǿ⣬Ҳ⶯ְҪ֪ǺӣսŵĴӪ
ĹӸ磬ȴսŵĴӳڱ˭Ҹսŵ˶Կ
ҲֻܹӶԷݺȻˡ
СֵܣȻսǿǴ˴ɱսŵˣϽ뿪ɣҪȻҪˣ
һԣĵȰ˵
޷λϲֽǺϵ˶Ӧ˵ҵֲŶԡ
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Ҫǣսһֱʥĵطڹ⹫Ӹʱ򣬻ĳЩȨֵͷ嶼ûκκôùܵ
飬սſǱֹģ
ҲǳѪ䡰ˡʱŸڵˮռռˣͱ˶һôûС
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֣ǻеѰޣİαս۴ҪĹؼ
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֣ڳ˵˵׹ģرǴǺӵĴӪѪϣפѪǵսŹӶеԺ
ֻϧǰһӴϢ˵Ѫ˶ԶżУӢʱ򣬳ûʲô˻뵽ݡ
ټϣеûﵽؾڵѾλס
ŵȻǺܿģر´󹦵õսŵĽ֮ӵ۾һԾΪؾǿߣҲ顣
ȻȻôǿλ׵ľ磬Ȼɱλף̫ˣ
ǾǣӢ۰Щļһﵱǵ˲ŸҸ鷳
˷׷׾
ûԭ̫ͣãץס˹Ӹ֮󣬾ֱӴ뿪ƬС
ýӵҲӵˣСгˣڴĹУҲҲֻܵǻ֮󣬿ͥԺڵȴɡ
һʱҲ㹻ˣʱ϶ҪС׻ѪǣȻȥѧԺġ
ԣʱܴϸȥǺӡ


1343 
³ǼгһŮովô¡
еһŮڼа̯һЩԼƵĵҩڸͦˣ̯λΧ۵˾ͱȽ϶ࡣ
ûþ͸պǹĹӸ磬ǹӸ翴ϣҪŮߴȥ
ҲüʱҪȻĻŮ»׶༪٣ѪڽɢıԵϵĹҲûڣûʲô˻վǡ
ǲԸ
⹫ӸҲˣλ׵սűڣɲ˭ǵġ
ʱֻܽӵЩˣڶѪϣǰսˡ
֡Ϧ˿е֪ǿȷǳߣһһεӲҪڿʱǶȥһʮ
ȻЩѶȶǺܸߣҲǻᾭһЩ壬Щ֮˵սҲڲ
ʵ;˫˶ڿٳɳţɳٶȸҲ١
ΪοȻһйػ쵤ҩ顣
ˣʥ쵤ǰոչһֹؼĲϣ׼Ƴˣ˼ѪͻҪͦʱ䣬쵤ҩַһûȫо͸óȻԡ
ֶ˵һ
šͳһʥ쵤ɣʧҲûϵҪѹ
Ц˵
ǿպܶԴģһ̫أͼֵǣ˵һö쵤ҩҲ㲻ʲô̫˲õĶˡ
ʧˣҲ̫ۣѹ
ô˵ѾຣҩϵϵĲΣ彮Ϊĸ߶ʦ
彮ڣܹƳ쵤ҩʦ࣬οֲŵ۾Σ̤ף쵤ҩİվ͸󣬸ˣʱ־ʵʦ
ˣôʣʦ
뵽һ㣬Ȼ˶ȥˣʦӦû³УһﻹǵýһģҪչǺӣ˲Ǳزٵġ
ʶ˵УҲֻһ㶮޾սˡ
ǣúݺԼСгһȥ㣬סͥԺطȻȥ¥գ
ͷӣ˵ҸǶˣֱӾˣҲ֪ȥĶ
ݺġ
û취͸ǲһ·ˣ֪ʲôʱߵġ
ҡҡͷ۾Ȼ㲻ڣôս͵ôӳˣعҪ֪ȥĶɲס
ʩչѪطݳĶһоͺ˵ҪǲܡѣҸˮƽʦ˵ʵȴǲѡ
ݺߺ˵Ȼ㿪ʼʩչֶΡ
ѪĴطܹǿ֮Ҹ֮һϡڣݺС׳֮ǿСϣС׵֮ʱǿ
Сױǽӽ߶δ׵ǿߣ֮طǿ˵ٶһӱ
һ˵㣬ǾѾˣ뿪֮ǰҲδͥԺеϢӦòѡ
Сһ˵ţһִ̧߶ۣ֮֮һ𽥳ǰͥԺϿգģͷӰ
벻ôɣԷ϶ѪϣףͷǸ˭
С׿Ż棬Щȡ
ͺݺһۣҲЩ֣㣬Ȼǹߵһ𣬲ȻѪϣھķλС׼ȥ֪
ڣСһ㣬Է϶ҲԼȥݣ²̫˳ر߻Ĵڡ
ȻǺԿС׶ȫ飬˵кݺطӳ֣Էƴ֮ˡ
࣬Ҳǻһʱˡ
Ȼֵҵ֮巽λѾˣ³Уңƺոյµı棬˵⼯е飬ڱŭС
С۾˵
ˣֵľ鷳ǹĹӸҸպŵء
һЦ
˫ͷƺǳˣݺҲߣȴŶԷĵǹĹӸӦûǺҪģɲ겻
˾ԭͥԺ£Ȳ裬Ҳһʱ󣬹ȻͥԺռ˸һȺ޾ȻֱӽͥԺΧ
ǿǣȻһǧŶΧֶβ
С˵ţһ۱ΧǰΧͥԺǧŶΪ׵꣬ʱ˿̣ϹŵǾɫͬʱЩŭ
СǾȻţŭԭȻΪǹĹӸסˡ
ҲøС׽СѪѣֲѣοһŪҪռѪǵ飬Ѫ֮ìԺͽ⡣
ԣûҪַȺͱϵòûǸҪ
ǵǻţȻţӦףһΪλĴ£ҹ֣֮
ɭ˵һ˫һɨ
ȴͥԺȻĺȲ裺ǻǵ£ǹҪʲôҲǵ¡ǹǵǣѵԴв֣
ᣬЭ̽ɡɣ㽫ץǹ˷ˣٽżеõĶֳһЩǹ壬ǹ̾ߣΪǺѪ䣡
국˵˵Ļȴ˷Ц
ι̫˰ɣ
С׹һЦǵĶαطָǣڶһżУǵʱѾһ룬ը٣Ƿֶǣò
˸û⣬Ҳðǵ˽
һԼڸһɣǣҾͰǹӸ绹ǣĻԺ󶼱ǹӸˡ
Ȼ֪ǹӸʲôݣȷǾǹҪ˵ʱȫ޿ֵġ
㣬֮ѣҽǣˡԴңǶ˶֣ԺԻڣһѫ£ǹҲ׷Ź㣡
ɭȻ˵
ǾԿˡ
ȫѶԷвȥѧԺ˱ҪصǺȥǱޣκεɣ
󣬶֣
ȴ˿ûԥֱһ£ΧǧŶ׼֣ҪǧŶӶ֣˵ֻǵ۾𣬵Сףһֵܹ
˵Էƺܲĳ󷨣


1344 
ۿŶԷȻֱӶ֣СסͺݺЩ⣬û뵽ôӡ
Ȼһѫӵ߶ֵĻǿɾǶսŵƣһЩƵĻԲ˴󵨡
ҪСˣЩ̨
СϸֳһĨȤɫȴ˿ûлţһ̧֣һ㵭Ĺâ֣Ȼݺڡ
һ㵭âֵˣһӾͱޣ·ΪõĴڣȻȻԱƺѾΧ˲ͬһʱ֮ˡ
Ĺǧ˾ţδ̫һ㣬׷׳뷢ƣֹͨͨǲµһ˹
Ϊǧ֣Ȼǵ۾εǧˣҲ϶ܽδ׾С׺ˡ
ȻʵȴǳԤϣȴЩͨȻȫõ岻սȥȻİӰȻСеһˮյ
ˮС׵һ޾սԼܹͨǿķЧǰǧֺûܹκεֺ
ͺݺЩ⣬벻С׾Ȼ
Ҳʡ˽ųĹ򣬿СڣǲҪųɱˡ
һûܹЧС׵һЦѽѽأҪ˾һ̬֣㿴жɣҪʵڲУͰǹСӸɵˣƴһ
⻰ɫһڣֹ̧ǧ˾ŵļ
Ҫһˣڷ岢ûãΪԷʵ̫ǿˡڣԶżн֮ǰƳȫĹˣС׶ƴĻԲǶ֡
ԣ֪Ӯвͨˡ
̫ˣѵ֪λʲôݣ
ʵ
ǸӸ𣿻ʲôݣ
Сܶǹ˵ݶô󣬵ǾǸӵܰˣɱҲɱˣ˵ȫûʲôʧ
Ǻǡ
иֳһĨɫʲô֪͸ҰˣӦ֪干ߴǰһˣ졣壬ҹ壬֮Ѿã
壡
ôһ˵СҲ۾ȷ֪飬
ѲɣһӸ磬Ȼ˲ɣֲţԭиڱ
СţȴǲɫԶԷ˵Ļ޶ԡ
̤գǰ̤ȥԽԽ֪䣬ƺȫָ˿
С׵ĳƵԶţ꾹û˿ʶһ㣬ӦʱȴѾȫ뵽С״Ļþ統С
Сױر˺ԣʩչֶεʱҲԤϺ͸֪õȻľѾ֣޷õ
꣬ʱ˿̶ںԤ׵У
Ҫ˵壬ΪܹסСˣȴû뵽С׸ΪʩչֶΣ
˻þ֮С׾֪һսѾûбҪȥˣԷĶ֡
ģСʩչֶΣֱӽԼСУ׿
ȻС׵βŴӻþжԳ֣صͥԺУΧǧ˵Ĺ۾ųԱȫĿɿڴԡ
ֻ˲䣬ǵѾˣǺã
С׵ֶΣͺݺһǶС׵ǸӸ߿һۡ
ǵľųѾƷҪֿ֪Ǹոջսŵһѫ£ҪٲÿǵˣҲˡǵС
С̤ǰУͬʱ˵
һ걻ס֮Ǻģʣǧ˾ŶʲôˣֻĿС״ͺݺ뿪
㣬ʱСУȻץס꣬ûбҪ˷ʱˣҪ֪ǵʱǺܱģرСף֮ڱҪһξܲʱδʧ֮ǰصǺȥ
˺ܿ˹ŵİΧȦһδ׾ĸųĿ뿪Ͳһ£ȴû˵סǵĻ
겻֪֮㱻ԷסɼԷʵԶҪסСǣǳ˵Ρ
ܿ죬С˰ΧȦʱӡǴȥ
ȻҲʱһǿѹͻȻ֮ϽָоСȫɫһ䡣
ǿߣ
˶ǼܶǿߵˣǿߵѹȻܹɷֱġ
Ȼˣѵǳģ
Сɫ΢䣬£ĵӰ쵽ؼҪˡ
С׵ǺܵģҲƻ彮ڵĹء
ӵһѫ£Ƕõģ
СܣɱģˣҲܰô˵ÿһ񶼲ͨˣ˽顣
ݺɫˣ㰲οһ䡣
棿
۾ʵ
Ȼ
ݺһЦ
Ҿ㣬ˡ
ȻһЦ
浣λ٣ܻȻݺ˵ˣȻŵģϾݺС˶ûôǣ彮ʱɱ֪ٱԼ֮ص˽ȻҲǳܶܶġ
ѹ٣֮ϣһѩ֮ɫľ޴˫Ʋ㵱У˫Ȼչ㽫ΧƲ㴵
ţ˫֮³ֵһƼΪǿŮӣ鼫Ϊ£Ʋ֮Ѹٸ˲ʱС׵ǰ
Ȼ
ۼԷʱ˾͸ȷһ㣬ǿ干ǰǿߣС׺ͺݺҲǶûмġ
ߣ
Ṳ̊ƶһ˫ѩ֮£Ȼ̤ҪȥѾ⸽ȫ˽ˡ
ǿߵʶ֪Ҫȼӳ˾֮Ҫǿ֪ٱġ
Էһ䣬ЩͷԣҲ֪Էʲôѵǰ˹λӸ粻ɣ
Էɫȴֲ񡭡
Ů£С׺ǰֻһ̧֣֮ӿ뵽С׵СС
ȻǹĹӸͶץ˳
üͷ΢壬ѲɶԷ˵ģ
ܿͷˣΪԷ͹Ӹץ̧̱֮һɫâֱӷ飡
壬ԼȡսŵУ֮ǰߡ
ŮһֱòԶĹǧ˾ɫ԰һ涼


1345 ܲ
ҲЩ졣
񣬻˽ֱӽ͸ɵˣ
˵ѾЩˣΪûµĴڣȻ֮˵ȴҲûн˿棬Ѫ澪ˡ
ֻǱ˵˵Ļ˭õġ
ڣȴǽֱӷ飬£ûõ
ܾ𣿡
Ůɨһߣ˵֮У˽аԵ彮ͱˣؾǹأ˭񶼲Υ˶мǣ˾٣Ǵ˴ɣ
⻰˵еЩѪȵģȻݺ˵ǿ˼κⶼվĽǶȥǡ
Ϊߴǿߣػ
Ҫ񶼲عأΪ˵һ彮ͱռȥ֮˾ǰ㣬ֻΪ
Ҫˣڴˡ
Ů仰һͷȥСж˳Ǹ쵽һ㣡
ʱ򣬺ݺҲҪһˡ
ͷ̫֣ҪǵǺУһЩʲôǶǺ˵һѡ
һͽǰúˡ
ݺۿ㱻ӹ˵
Ů΢̣ɡɽ˵ǵ¼ǲҵְ𲢷פǺӣҲΪ˳ǰѧԺûʲôĻ߰ɡ
仰㻹ûü˵ʲô㱻԰׹סȻ󶪽ԼСС
ǵǻе£Ҫǰܲһˡ
شСױ˵ΪҪԷˣͲ֮ڻصѪҲֻܵºܻصǺˣ
ɲСԸģҪյǺȥǱޣȡͻƵ߶δ׵ľء
֮ǻصѪǡ
С˵ˣҲ˵СףֻҪϦܹջصǺȥʱ䶼Ǳ޵Ļܶεʵˡ
ο̫ȥҪһʱܹͨ͸˵ǷǳҪġ
̫˵ĻСڻһһʯ̺ĳʾĽϵ̫֮ģ˽
ʱ˭򣬾͵ʱ˵̫ض˵Ǳġ
ȻĳЩ˱Բǽϵ̫֮Բʺ̫أϵ̫֮ⲿ˵Ҳû˿ܹǿǺܶࡣ
ⲿ˵ؼҪõһǿ似ȥϵ̫֮ϣҪȻĻȻ˽ϵ̫֮ȴûֶȥϣҲǷӲ
似棬ʹθСǰܲսŹѫһһеģܲ޾似Ӧûеģʱѡһܷӳϵ̫֮ľͺˡ
Ȼ޾似Ǿֻ̫ܲ࣬ܵ˾ܲ˵ˡ
ұڴ˵Ⱥգ˳㽫Ѫϵһ
Ůӵ˵ͷûΪͺݺҪ̸ߣѪϵ㶨
Ҳ˿
ѪһֱôҵĻ˵ɲǺ£һĳŵ˹ʲôĻɾͲˡ
õģ鷳ǰˡ
˵ͷ
СǹĹӸ磬ȫߣǹǧ˾ţһСУ˵ҪЩǰˡ
ǺΪΪаԵΪսֹģԷȻΥһ㣬ӵһѫµ֣ò˵
Ǿȳˡ
С׶ȭȻתʱӡǴȥ
δ⣬˰ֱ뿪
Ϊص彮Ķ彮򶫷ʮǺӣ͹嶼彮򶫷
ת뿪֮Сױͺݺ˵
ϸϢȻǲģݺ֮ǰ׶ûﵽͬǺϢ
С׵Ϊ˽⣬ʱ΢һ¡
Ȼ˱ѪϵʱӡǴֱӳʾԼһöһѫ£ҪֱӴ߶ʱӡǴ
ߵȻҵֱӽӴˣȻΪ˿ʱӡǴ

һ·˳
;˻һ£ǺûʦҪô죬ʦʦһ˵Ҫġ
㲻ã͵Ѱˡ
һʵѡɲôҵġ
Ȼǵ˾ܲȥļһ
ݺ
ļһҲ֪ԷƷΣ˵Ϊӡ
ȴҡҡͷ
ѪڵбȽʦҿɲҰǴصǺȥȻĻǺӴڵܣ϶ҵ֪
ݺЦ
ɲǺӵĴڱ˾֪ѪڵЩ߶ʦɶΪѪģҳ֮ӹɡ
ǺӵĻ֤ܻᱻѪ峤֪
˵Ѫ峤ǺݺϵݺȴҲͽ
ҵиѡϼһƢе֣˵öĻȥǺӵǲ
С°ͣӲϴţĻ˵ϼһθڣȥԣϼһ彮ﲻ֪Զء
ǵǲʦѡҲżλѺʵĻпտȥݷһ¡
۾С˵˵ЩȤ
СƼˣСԼҲǺӣ϶ǺӲҪһЩʱ䣬ֻҪܽԷǻǺܺʵġ
ϼһƹ޾Ʒսֹһѣ棬ǼտԿǵǷ켫ˣȤģҲֻһЩԼϵȵˡ
С׵˵ͷ˵ұһö㣬мϼһļסһдһЩƼҵӣӦһ棬ڻܲܰס͵ÿԼˡ飬ǻǶһȥȽϺãϼһϲ徲ȻǼһƢҲԼðɡ
ԣл
պöȻ˵ͷ˵
׵֮˱ͨһʱӡǴ󣬶̶ʱʱ䣬ѪǺӵ룬սܲڵ
ǵǺӵǣΪڣҲǵǺӵߣɽڵĵط
ƽڻɽڵǺӵľܲУһιҲ֪ԼܼܲԷ
ܼĻǲϾԷЩ飬ЩȽϺ̸
óĶɲ٣ɽͷϻ϶Գɡ
С۾˵ɽȴû˿֮⣬ΪΣСһԸˣһ·ҲѾϰˡ


1346 ľ
һ·̤뵽˵ǺӵľܲһűѪǴ˺ü򣬸֮Դ̫ͬһ㡣
žܲǵת̫ͷϻƣܶʼѭ
ӵǵʱӡǴ߳ΧһΪĳУ֮и¥ַĸ¥̨֮ͤ䣬ߡ
Ȼ彮ĵǺϣߵ϶ǱҪġ
ǵһ˲䣬͸оһּΪϢΪׯ£ѹȸУ춯
֮ǰС׾˵ˣ弸ǿֲµǿϢһߴ˵ǣٿԵֵһʱ䡣
ڵǣһǡڶǵϣҲķǺ̵ıݡ
˵ҲǼΪѿеĹͷ
֮ǰʱ͵Ϯİ취ǺӣѱҪЩΪ긴һ䣬Щע˼
ңЩܹϴ÷ļ̶̳ԽԽǿ
ȻⲢβƵģֻҪҵһЩ취ֱӽۻɱܹɵƿ
֮ǰļƻˣϧΪĴӣ±ļƻ;ǳʧΪء
ڣڳﻮ飬ھΣͲܹ֪ˡ
߰ɣֱȥǵսܲ
Сһ˵ţһǰ棬ݺžܲȥ
һ·ڵǺҪһЩʵߣǣʱǺΪڡ
ڽֵϣ洦ɼһЩսѫµǿߣЩ˶սŵĳԱڽֵϽѲߣÿһؾεǿڡ
һ·ǰУûʲô鷳ܿ˳⣬սܲȻڳ֮С
෴սܲռǱȸոлҪ
һսŹӶûʸ뵽սܲģֻս֮ȥ
Ҫս֮ܲУսŵĳԱҪôϴѫµˣһЩټˡ
սܲһ״ս״ЩƣⲿһСڵϡ
վսܲǰ̧ͷһ۶״Ķˡ
׳ۡ
ݺ̲סп˵
У̫һ֮Դҫ򣬶ǸǰһСƽԭϣСڴȫսŵĳԱھܲ
սŹӶ֮⣬һֺĵõУ÷ǳΰܲСǲ̫ࡣ
ƹֺãֱӳ״ľܲȥ
һѫ£һЩҪսţȥŵܹܰɡ
С˾ܲڴֱӶϰԱ֮һ˵
ϰԱһɫλ׵ʵÿһսϸܵ޾ɱ֮ЩԱ֮ǰԸλҪǿö࣡
ڣЩеκһû̫ʤ㡣
С׳㽫Լһѫ˳һԱˣɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ܹΪܲڵʲôݵû
ǼһѫµʱɫǱһ䣬֪һѫµȷǼΪټģܳһʱڣЩһܹһöһѫ¡
ۿᣬ֪ܲսڵһ𾪵Ϣ
λѵСֵܣ
ǰһæ΢Цӭ
ܲڴȺ̫࣬ûж׷׿򣬾һӭˣɼǼ֮
ҡ
ڶԷϳԼ෴ԷҲǾܲҪˣҪ֪Ҳ̫ɽˡ
Դޣһѫµĺ̶ȣȷΪս˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ǳɡ
ԷҲû뵽ܲǺܿ췴Ӧò΢ЦŴ˳ž̤֮ܲȥ
֮ܲУΪܶСöԷȥģȻֻǽҪһսŹѫҪϡԴ̫޴Ҳֻоܹܲˡ
ܹʮ˲㣬ÿһ㶼һˣʮ˲㲢ǵݽϵƽȵĹϵҲ˵ʮ˲ÿһĶƷǲģֻǷֳ˲ͬڹ
СöԷȥģǾܹܲܣͳʮ˲ϵ
ƾһѫ£ܹܾͱӼһµģЩʬǣȻܹ֪ͨ
ܹܲܣֻܹ֪ܵͼˡ
˵еõһѫµſǾܹܲæӭˣ˵жôʲôģֻ˽ύ϶ֻкôûл
οȻ˾ܲǿ϶дҪģҪȻĻôܴԶܲ
ܹһͷľӻǷǳӢģճʱǰһ
ȻСֵܣĴӢ۰ôпܲ
ľһЦ̬ȻʮˬʺͳϿҵġ
ϳңȴ֪γƺء
ЦһЦԷȻҲضԷѯһ¶Էƺ޲ס
ľ壬䣬λСͺá
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С׺ٺһЦǰļе˵
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С׵鲢ûʲôܣȻЦλɣⲻ̸ĵط
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ʮ˲㣬ǽսųԱ׶ʮ˲УĵʮŲ͵ڶʮ㡣
ʮŲ㣬Ʒǵطܶռ۸ӣսŵĺܶ౦Уɭϡ
ڶʮ㣬ճĹʸڶʮ㣬Ҫ̸ʲôҪĻ϶Ҫǰڶʮеġ
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1347 ɽ
һ¾ͲµõˣϾꡢ׶ɹ뿪ԶżˣǶǵõδ֪ʬǵġ
ֲεĶҲֻܹܲ۵ˣҪطսţǲʸչⶫġ
ڣطѰսŰ´ûʸ֪ε顣
Ҫ֪ھܲʬǵ飬Ҳֻľλ˲ʸ֪ģ˵ⶼǻܡ
ȻԷ³ˣҲûбҪˡ
Сһֱ§ļ򣬺ٺЦǰ˵һ£õʬǣ֮ǰǽļʮҪ׼
һľӶһ£ɫ𽥱
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սܲĵڶʮУûκ˻ţܹģǾܲĸ߲㹤Աʸ֪ʬ顣
ǽʬǶľ䣬ҲúȥȵȣЩˣڵڶʮеĸ߲㹤ԱǾѵרҵʿ
ܿһ˱㵽˵ڶʮһ䵱УСʼոڡܡҲ֪Щʲô
û˵ķ䵱УҲͷſлֱ˵ˡ
λˣСֵܸǴ˴֮ս۵Ĵ󹦳˵ҲȦˡ
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ŶѾ֪Щʲô
Щ졣
ܲʱܽյ彮ϢοŪĶ˶ˣȻǵһʱ֪ˡ
ЦڵǺӶԼ֣껹ó¶Ѿǹȥˣǻ̸̸ɡλܹԶżд˶ʬǳ
ϡΪĵǶģҲûҪԷˣʲôСۣ˫ϲͺˡ
ԣҲֱʵʵ˵нһپʬǣ֮ǰһУ󲿷ֶǶһʬǡ
һʬǣܹõ˽پߣ֮⣬СסѪ仹ͺݺܹ˸Եõδ֪ʬǡ
Щ˵ûʲô̫ãԾܲ˵ȴһ˽ļûᣬֻᣬϰ궼һ
һб֣ʱ΢ЦӶе㽩Ѿ׼ȴҲû뵽Ȼóϰپʬô࣡
Ǿܲõһʾ޴Ƹ
һʬֻһߵĻôܶоܶãΪЩƻЩʬǣокܶ಻֮
һʬǣӵнپߵĻܶʱͿԾĽ飬幹졢ɷֵȵȫˣ
˶þܲео˳ܶ࣬һ᷽ܶ࣬ٶҲϺܶ࣬һʼĹ屦
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ĻֱܹӸһЩһЩսŹѫǾǰ˴æˡ
κһʬǵļֵʮսŹѫϡ
Ҫ֪Ѱǵ۾ƴƴæһʱ䲻ֻͣܵõһսŹѫ
ҪһսŹѫ߰ʮʱ䣬һ߰ʮʱȫѵ¡
ڣó˽پʬǣ֪սŹѫһĻܲҲЩԲ
ڻɽӵϢ֮Ӧþͻ̸Ϲˣûеһʱ䡣
Ź˼ʱ䣬һϤξͳ֮УǰͬʱٵĻһϵơ
ǻŵϢо治ûʧ
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⻰ȻǿЦģĹػΪһ˶ı䡣
ȴҲԴпɽӺͳ̶ˣʣ֮ǰסͷǻ˶Աս۴ݣŪ˽پʬǣˣǾԵĴ󹦳
ȻӦǫһµģҡҡͷЦεҿɲռͷЩʬǣǴҺŵõڼܴ󣬰ϡ
Ȼֻĸôʱһ뿪ϣӦǱԶż֮ˡ
ܵʱΣڣ϶ˣ㵱ʱûҲӲ֮һʯսĳġ
һԶż֮Уĺܴˣ˵ȴֵõģڿ˵Լ۱ȷǳˡ
ףܵõپʬǣԼ۱ȣҲͲ˵̫ˡ
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ȻǲòģΪǺǱ߰ٷϴˣҪĶʵ̫ˣҪǲݺݵĴӾܲһʣܰǺӷչ
̸۸⣬Ҳ˼׼ú̸һˡ
ɽΪ֮һȻҪռǵСˣ֮ǰ׽ֱӸɵˣɼ£ԲܰѰ
ܿ죬ɽ͸ܹʮѡ˿ЩѡѡΪύʬǵı꣡


1348 ѡ
˵ɽÿһѡѰ˵ǼΪģСУƺǷѡɵġ
ɽҲȷָˣʮѡУֻܹѡΪꡣ
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УֻݺСˣɽʮѡ
ʮѡУսŹѫ֮⣬ʲôУҪԴ
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ʮѡУȵģһй
ɽṩһѡԿóɽйҲǼΪĴڣֻһŲбֻеǰС
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ɱп϶ܶ࣬˵СС׺ͺݺȻҲˡ
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С˵ţȻָָɽĵһѡ
ǵһѡ൱Ĵ֮˵һǧö쾧֮һö֮ʮö񼶴֮
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Ҫ֪֮ǰסͷ񣬳սеĴ󹦳ҲõսŹѫˡ
֪ǵõǶôԴ
֮ز٣һѡȷ˰ɡ
ݺ˵ͷʾͬ⣬֮ǵ۾ҪԴܲѡȥͻĸѡ
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սҲͬĵֽ׶Ǻе˲ʲôսԳƷսرֻҪС׵λŹʱòսҲ١
СѲϹǺվҪһʦģʱ˵ˣڿ̫Ҳûá
һѡѾȷˣ֮ϼϡϼϣʣµѡ˶Щᣬ֪ѡһ
УлֳһǺӣ˵صģȻһѡǿ϶ܡ
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ʮ似սжǼΪģսŹѫѶһһҪʸһѫ£ӵжһ޾似ʸ
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ҿһ޾Ʒ似⼶似ǿ߶һѧõ
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ݺ˵ͷǿ߿ĽǶȣԶǴֻҪǵΪףû谭ǣ֧֣οǴӪǺӣչܹΪһĺҪսԵص㡣
ǵѡҲȷˣѡһ¥
С׵ͷȷյѡ


1349 £
ǳ˽˽һپʬ֮⣬ûó̫ϣǾ߾޴Ķһʯ񣬴пĳʾ
ȻЩʬǣɽѡҲûҪóˣԼúˡ
ܿɽǱ㡰ˣ˵ɽҪô
ܹʮ߾ʬǣδ֪ʬǣоʮ߶һʬǡ
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1350 
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һεĽˣСǶʱ䣬ûոľ˵ЩʲôԷ֮ͱ뿪ˣҪȻǸϲͨǺӵʱˡ

ʱ֮˱صѪǡ
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ǻˣպҸ㶨һ飬׼ȥǱˡ
Ѫ俴ӭЦ˵жϴ飬û˵ǺӡĸֻáǱߡ档
ԴѾˣѪ䣬ǽҪսţǰǱߵĻҪͼõʲôɣǵطʱǱȽȱ۷սҪܹε˼С
С׶Ѫ˵ͷ˵Ȼվһߣ鶼Ѫȥ˳㽫ǽѪ䡣
СȻΪͺݺģϾͺݺ˵СױϾǸˣϴŴӾܲһЩԴ˲Ҳ
ЩԴѪĻûˣͺݺ˵ѪȫԼˣͲҪһЩеûġ
Ѫ䲢δܾҲ֪С׵Ը񣬸С׽ύѾˣʱԼЩԴȷǺ׵ġ
һЩָеĶ֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼû뵽ǾȻôණ
Ѫֵܣû̫˹˵˵۾սŵĻҪʲôȻ㶼˾Ҿ͸һˣ
ϴʵˣ֮ǰЩģڼѪ䶼׼ô۾뿪ҲȻˡ
ҪĻҵǿԸǺú˵˵֮ܶ治̫ģ񸡻ǰھѪǣڣ˵һˣȥҲû£ߣֱӴ߾ˣ
ѪЦһЦ˵


ʮľ ѧԺ


1351 ǰѧԺ
ѪĻϴ鶼Щ
ϾǻǱȽϵԼҪ뿪ĻɲõӰ죬ڿЩûҪĵ顣
ΪѪԼѪǸ۾ǰǸطҲûеĻѪʲôõӰ졣
˶һۣȻԵ˵ͷ֣˵ǾͼһɣȻǿϣǵط϶ǲġ
Ȼ˾ͺ˵ˡ
С׺Ѫһ𣬽ǺǱߵ˵һ飬طƾûгͻ԰Ǳޣһһ̫أ
ϴڵı壬Ҫǿսģڵĺ壬ȻģھԵľϵ̫֮
˵˫ûϵ̫֮ʲôϵ̫ض˵Ҳкܴõģһϵֻ̫֮Ҫй̶似·ܹӳǿ
ֻͺĳԱҪϵ̫֮Ҫ̫صдȽϳһʱˣһҲǷǳǿĴڡ
Ǻӣλھ彮ϰٸ֮⣬شΪƫƧӦˮ塢ʯͻ彮ĽӴ
嵹Ǵںƽ״̬˵ǺӸںƽ״̬طûսͲ֪ˣֽ׶Σ˸뿪Ǻȥ̽Χġ
֮ǰϸ̽ⷨ󣬷ɳȥ̽ⶼѾð˺ܴķգ飬ʱˡ
Ȼ϶ҪȥôǺе
塢塢塢Ѫ壬Ĵ壬˰гʮ֮⣬嶼һ۾ţиһҡ
ս϶Ȳ۾ţϾлвУǿսر࣬Ҹս۾ŵĳԱȿ϶ǲġ
Ȼ˵ˣǾͿ뿪ˣʱ޻ʣʱϴ飬߰ɡ
Ѫ˵֮׼뿪
Ѫô죿
һ䡣
Ѫǣ֮ҪˣӦǻһ۾ͳפõģ֮ǰµ飬ٷˡ
ѪЦ˵
ţǾͺá
˵ͷǾͰһȥɣôҶúһԼս
˵⻰Ϧ裬ܰСɡƷ˶Ск˳һǰǺӡ
ѪЩһﵹҲϤˣԲδ⣬һֱ̧㽫뵽СУܿҲҪع飬òŵĺ͸ʲôġ
֣ǵȥѣǺӻȱһʦǸķչٶȶҪܶ࣬ϼһ󷨷Ҳко衣
СЦ
Ҿɡ
ֻ˵ˣС˵ʦǰƢƺܹŹ֣ܷеöԷһأȻᾡ
ԷʲôĻĶȥ㡣
ѧԺ֮ǿѡһЩȥڼ䲻ǵɣͿ˳·ȥЩ顣
Ѫһ룬˵Ҫȥλʦǰȥ彮ĸףǿԵģȻܵ˳·彮С
š
˵ͷҪ飬Ҳˣ⻹ÿѧԺܹ֮յʲô
ѧԺǱȽڴģҪ֪طܸԼ
зЩʲô֮
һУڲõĽ
Ѫ䡢Сסϴ飬˴˴Ӿܲһʣ˸µһ۾ųԱϦˣȻ뿪Ѫǣһ·ǰͨǺӵʱ
ѪǣҪѪ뿪֮󣬽۾פΪսЧ
սϵѪҺϵҪõ䣬ҪȻĻսս˼ңǺӷ߶ˡ
ͺݺˣ³ǵĳĿһȥʣһǿյĳѪڵĵ۾ŵĳԱѪһߡ
սǱߣӦúܿͻ˽ˡ
ڲ֪Ρ
ЩģšһǡɹɽˣӦöǺţʱûм
ֱڣû˻µϢͺݺҲܼȥ
һǰǺӵʱºԵºȫۼȻһȥͺˡ
ڣҪǹ֪֮µждһ㣬ȻֻǴŵ˿Ļ϶Ҳᵽˣ϶ȴ˻ϡ
Ҳ߰ɣȥҸǰ
ݺһۣ໥˵ͷ׼뿪
Ȼˡ
ĸ񣬿ʼڹ۲أۿС뿪̾ͳͺݺǰ
ȥˣˡ
긾ƿճǰȻƽ¶һĨЦݣǶ׼ѧԺڵǡ
ˣǰ
ڶԷܹͻȻͳ֣ϾԷεĴڣѪϵ¶Ѳ˶Էĸ֪
ڸոǺ飬ֻܸ֪֪Ҫ񣬾Ǻͺڻɽһ˼ⶼǴֿǡ
Ǻӷչ飬㸡֪ҲʲôҲϢȥ
ڼֱӸɵһ̣о˶ΣΣäĿģӶԷϣܹΪһеľִ
Ҳ־ִǿһֱ۷壬彮򣬲ԡ
һû˾ִ˵ͻı䣬ÿһ񣬶彮еıƸԿвȱٵһ֣˾ְ
ѧԺܲ彮ԣɽͺݺȥϾɽҪפڵǺ֮Уֹ֮ǰıͻϮ¼
ԣ񣬱Ǵ彮ڵרΪ˽ͺݺģɼѧԺ彮еĵλǺεȸ߳磬Ͼϣ
ܹʮλгʮλǴѧԺеģɴ˿ɼѧԺЩŵģֵӡ
ұѧԺһԱٶǰ̤뵽񾳽磬ΪһԱϣԺУӿֳԽԽǿߣڣԽǣ۷ȥ̡
һ֣ͺݺ뵽ԼСУȻʱ֮ӦʱӡǵϢȻ˲ʱ˸


1352 ֮ս
һ·;ʱӡǣܹͨʱӡֱͣٶȸϵѧԺڵĵط
Ǳӵһѫ֮ߴķ̫ˣһܹġ
ÿһöʱӡǵļֵ൱һö񼶴֮رʱ̣˻õõġ
ܹʱӡϳ;ģҲֻǿܹóˡ
ȻӵۺĲھܲһôණĲƸʱӡ·Ҳģˣ彮ڼһûжٸ
ѧԺںδ
δͺݺֻǽ뵽СУȻͨʱӡǲϴ͡
Сеͺݺ޷֪֪ڳʲô˲Ƴȥ
嵱У˵ѧԺߵǲ٣֪ѧԺʲôطģȴһûС
ˣûˣ
ΨǿߺʹѧԺˣ֪ѧԺʲôط֮⣬κ֪ѧԺڡ
еڵǺӡ
պˣҲк֪ܶǺӵĴڣЩȴβ֪Ǻʲôط
Щ²⣬ѵ˵ѧԺıҲ彮֮ĵط
ԵȻУҲСȴֻ֪ܵȵ˵ط˵ˣڸǰѧԺֻҪӰž㹻ˡ
Źʱʱ䡣
ͺݺȻľȴҲоĴֹͣͣ˶ʱӡǴ͵ľٶ
аԲ²⣬ӦѧԺѾˣҪˡ
Ȼûеȶã㴫ԺڿԳˣѧԺܲѾˣǵһιҪǽнͣǾ֮ǰߣÿ˶õһöӡǣֱӿСʱ͵ط
һϢﵽԺͺݺ˱㱻Сз˳һۣһƬĹǿգԼǿյеһ״
״Χһö򸽽öǿΨһһԴһһǿԴȪ
ѧԺ
ͺݺ۾ϴöǹΧĻ״
ö򣬴СѪǻҪ࣬ԶԶȥͬһ̫ɢżůϢ
֪öĻ״Ƕôľ޴
ǾѧԺмʾ֮ԴѰطҵõ
Ʈɵԣ΢ЦŽһ䣺ܹʸѧԺߣѰ֮ԴûҲһʾ֮ԴȴǼΪĲƸ
ʾ֮Դ
ͺݺԣʱǰһ
縡˵Ѱ֮Դ˿ܺѵãᶼҪȡͺݺȴȫ㲻ʲô
УݺѪгҸ׻Ѫ峤ѪǺеĲ֮Դ˺ܶǿ
ʾҲ˲٣ȫˮϵ̫֮˵ȥѰ֮ԴҲûκôġ
ʾ֮Դȫһˣ
ȣʾģǳԽ̫ĴڣǴ˵еԶɹ̫ǿǿȲض˵ԶѰ̫֮Ҫǿ١
Σö̫Уĳˮϵ̫֮Ϣɼʾ֮ԴУ̺ŵˮϵ̫֮ʾġ
˵ȷǺõġ
ʾģֻӴ֣һʾģǴӶһԶżеõʯУ̺ĳֽϵʾġ
ֶǽϵ̫֮ƻǿƻȴС
ˮϵ̫֮ƿʱյգܹʱգʱշ賬˵ĻԼڲ֮ء
ڳǰıˮϵ̫֮ʾ֮Դ
򣬾ܹʱһ¥ܹԽеˣ
ȻڵҪʾģѶڵ죬Ͼˮϵ̫֮û򣬸˵ĸ߲ʾˡ
ܹʾģҲΪõ˾ҵõ˾۴еԵʣǺܴһأһΪԱϵ̫֮ϣϵ̫֮ϵеȻһЩ
ˣҲֻɵʾģɼʾĵѶȡ
ֱˮϵ̫֮ʾģһʱֻһɣԽԽѡ
˵̫ˣˮϵ̫֮󣬿ʾ
ҡҡͷп˵
˵òʵϾ񣬶ȫʾһǶܹɣ֮ҪٽһȴǼѣΪֹûκܹ
Щϧҡҡͷͬʱһ̫ʾ֮Դ͸һĨ硣
֮ԴϷֵģѧԺ𣿡
ݺһԺʵ
֮ԴǴжġ
˵пʼ͸¶һЩأһǧǰսѧԺԺ֮ϣһǿ֮սΪ֮Դ壬ܹ˰Ϊۣ

⻰ͺݺɫ΢΢һ䣬ǧǰսȻ˼ҵģΪʾ֮Դ
Ȼ֪ʾ֮ԴҪԣԶǿ߳ᣬҲû̫ھȣֻǣһսȻʤƺ˵һЩʲô
ǻ֪ȫΪΧ壬ǰһһԸǵԵʡ
ҡҡͷǿ߶ֵסѹֵһıŵõ˲д֮
һ飿
Ȼǲ֪ԵɣݺȴҲԴһ֪ɼ飬彮жھԻܵġ
ҲͺݺѧԺӵ֪ʸҪ֪ǿʱδпܳΪ֮һ
Ǽ飬м֪ģ齵١
£ȻҲȫֻǵ˵Ϊ鲢ûз彮򸽽Ƿڸļ彮С鱬Ǽ໥սӦΪʲôɣõʱ䣬ֱڣǼǿ嶼Ǵڼս״̬
齵٣
ͺݺԣʱɫó飬ȻѰʸ֪ģοڴˣǿ߶ֻһЩţûۼ


1353 ˿ռ
齵ٵ飬ǲ岻ֻԼõһЩ֪ǲʵϢ
ԣҲûж̫࣬Ǻܿͺݺʾ֮Դɽȥ
ԽԽܹ֮ܵԴǿᣬ̺ˮϵ̫֮Ϣʾˮϵ̫֮ȴΪ֣֮õñѰˮϵ̫֮ǿ
ʾ֮ԴΧһ״ĽԶûô˽һȴҲ⽨ֺ֮ΰ
νһֱɫľʯɣһֲ֮ǰδǼΪ̵ĶǸһԶżеЩϲƷ
ϾѧԺ˵巢չĺڡ
Ȼ֪ʲôطеĸָڿ϶õġ
ǻ״ʱ֪⽨ԭҲǷǳ͵ģԶԶȥһϸС⻷
ϸСֻǸʾ֮Դˡ
Լ״ǰȫֻǸСڵ㣬ȫȵϺüսݵĹģ
ôĽоֻвһѧԺĳԱ𣿡
ݺЩ죬̲סʵ
ÿ˶ӵһƬܴĿռ䣬ǿռУܹеȴ׶ΣǾͿԼĿռǱȵȡ
΢Ц˵Ȼһ̧֣ˮϵ̫ۣ֮žͰȫС
ˮϵ̫֮߶ֱӾͱԭشߣٴγֵʱѾһƬɫĽڲ
״ˡ
ͺݺʶĳΧ̽ΧȫǱɫľǽһ֪ͨηľ֮ͨɫЩҫۣȴ˸ܵһЩůЩɫ廹ɢȵϢ
ɣȰһǵĸ˿ռ䣬ѧԺĵһ֮ʱǾеæˡ
һЦţһŲӣڱɫͨпнպñͺݺܹϵٶȡ
ѸǰΧһƬɫľ壬żһЩɫ֣ЩͨеĳЩװͼ
ЩװͼƺҶģɢɢı鲼ΧıɫǽϣЩ֡
ЩҶͼʲôֻװõ𣿡
ĳʵ
ˡ
ҡҡͷһαѧԺ֮УѧԱľסߵֻȰˣΧסѧԱЩҶһѧԺѧԱġ
ȻҲǹҪˣֻյȽϻԾߵĶĶͻҶͼϢǾͻϰˡ
˵⻰δԭͣǴ˼ǰС
긡ĽͣȻ򣬲ȴҲЩ죬ϾȻɫǽȵļ̶̳ȼǿŮյȴֱܹڱɫǽӡͼ
Ҳ֪Ůյʲô
ܹѧԺģûһƽӹ֮ˣͺݺˣԼͲ˵ˣݺǼǧ谮һѪ幫츳֮һġ
һ룬ѧԺеˣÿһô򵥣
ǰʮľ룬ԵıɫǽϣЩҶͼ𽥱٣ֱȫʧλŮһֱڷһΣû뿪طȥ
Ҳû̫飬渡ܿ͵һȽƧĵط
ǾĵطһֱǸоЩ˵ϢӦǾ˾ڣĵطȴԵüΪƧûʲô˵Ϣ
Ǹ׼ĸ˿ռˣöԿף⸽߶ԿףͿԴǽԼĸ˿ռС
һ˵ţһߴӻȡö۶ɵԿףԿ׵̬ܲͬһѪɫģ̺ѪɫȻǸݺ׼ġ
һ֮ɫԾ֮ɣȻǸ׼ģͺݺٴξû뵽ԷȻԼʲôһԴԿס
ԿףԼ֮⣬µõҲǿ˵ģÿѧԺĸ˿ռ䣬Ǿ԰ȫģ񶼲ǿдС
ͺݺֳԼԿףȻڸķԸ£ֱӴ߶עС
ԿףֱѪɫɫĹâȻâ˸֣ȻαԴʧ
ǰһһΪĿռ䵱Уռ䲢ͬСĵطʵĿռ䣬һǿԸоõġ
Ƭռ䣬ΧȫԱɫ幹ɣѧԺҪĹɳɷ֡
ϧﻹûѧԱôϤһߵĻҲá
ţܣƬԼĿռ仹ǾԵĿտԲϰĿռУȻʲôûУȫֻһƬɱɫΧοռ䡣
ӲҪ˵ʲôĻƬɫΧĿռģźüˮϵ̫֮ɵĹ
΢һ£뿪ռ䣬ҲԴӹеõԼҪԴռҪβãǾȫѧԱԵˡ
磬Ǿһ·̣Ա߾λƿҶŮӵĸ˿ռ䣬ĸ˿ռУпܱǱ鲼ҶһƬⰻȻľ
ÿ˵ĸ˿ռ䣬󶼻ᷢչɽȻͬķǸѧԱԵԸйˡ
һ룬ȻطڿʼһֱԼûҪˣȰطԼϲ˵
˵طڿʼһֱǸˣԺطҲᱻѧԺջأǻһֱš
ĻռŪʲôӣӰ컹Ǻܴġ
򸽽϶ǲȥģϾռĺĲ֣֮⣬ҪռйĵЩʲôȫԸˡ
ЩϲܣǾռһЩܵĶȪƣ̨ͤ¥֮ġ
ЩϲޣǾռн䶷֮ģϾʱԼսӶԼʵս顣
ûʲôãֻǱȽϲ徲տĿռ䵱УҲȥһЩʲôĶ
ȥˮϵ̫֮򸽽Ȼ̽У뿴ԼԵõʲôԴ
֣չǰԴǾԲսӵеĶ
һ֮Դͷвٸߵ֮ԴⶫܹСٶȵʮǲɶõĺöȻսţߵȵ֮Դ١
ѧԺ֮ԴȴǼͨĶڻֳɸֲͬԣ֮ԴϣӳǿЧ
һЩԴҪĶսŹѫ۸սҲǲġ


1354 
˿սŹѫĻԼǻʣ²أ֮ǰŵŹѫûõպѡһ¡
ԭܹսŹѫʱ䣬ÿ¶ʮսŹѫʮ
һѫµĸˣԶǷǳģƽÿܹõսŹѫ൱иδ׵ǿڲϵĸ򹤡
ʮսŹѫҪһ㹻õ֮ԴҲǲġ
ڿϵһöϵ֮ԴԼСָٶʮ֮⣬ԼСвϵϵ̫֮Щϵ̫ܹ֮С糹ա
һĻƽԽϵ̫֮᲻򣬲Ҫ⻨ʱ䣬ĺôȻٶȲ죬Ҳƾ˽ϵ̫֮ȫ򣬵ʱڣҲûʲôġ
һ۾Ϳö֮Դĸߵ֮Դ۸ҲǼ߰ﵽһǧŹѫ
еΪˣΪպòŴﵽֵһ롭
طӦҲöһɾŹѫİɣҿûʲôóġ
ţԼСѰһܿҵһǾڱСкҵһöˮ
⺮ˮƽܹǿͨĶΪ
չͬһöռ侫ľ֮ͨӵ˸ʴռ֮Чɼ־ļֵ֮ߡ
ҪĻһöļֵһҲиսŹѫﵽʮ򣬾͸պһöϵ֮Դˡ
Ͷ뵽Ե֮ͨУǿͨϵĻߵʵսǷǳġ
뵽ûжԥֱӴ߶еľԿףȻص˸˿ռͷҵ˻û뿪ĸ
ǰԵһ£иҪһ£ҿɷöһսŹѫ
ֱӽȡ˳ȻԸʵ
ƺոռˣ׼뿪Ļͣ˵ͷЦȻԣû뵽㻹кȺöѧԺУѧԱ˺Եͨҽ˼ϵʱóȽϺá
лǰָ̡
˵ͷȻͲżһˣļ۸վҪֱӶһøߵģȻܶ࣬Ҳ˷ѡ
ܹѧԺˣ϶֮ӣ츳Բףÿ˶Ļ֪һЩ˸ȱսŹѫ
Ļ⺮ʲô۸ͦڴģȻͬʱҲڴܹʶһѧԺеˡ
ǿһ𣬲ܼԼøǿ
ȴʱ䣬ӦѧԱûлȫ˵ѧԺÿһ֮󣬶һżʱ䣬ǸѧԱжʱ䡣
ڣǷżʱ䣬һ֮ǰһʱ䣬ȵѧԱˣһͻῪˡ
żʱպÿĵһԼĸ˿ռ䣬طܿ԰ѵطĵԼϲӡ
ûȥźݺǻصԼĸ˿ռУȻʼ򵥵ķԼСʣȽЩҪĶȻֱתƵ˿ռС
Լ˿ռ䵹ûʲôҪֻտտҲÿŪЩɽ˿ռһƬɽҰ롣
ˮϵ̫֮Ǹ˿ռĺģǱһյã
յãһľӹ̡
ѾؾεǿߣԼľûʱ䣬ӵеľ壬֮ǰһʱѹεġ
սϣһԶżУǵõ˲ľģʱû⣬Ͼⶫ˵ֵѾôˡ
벻ڻó˵ô󣬵ôӹһһ㣬ȫȥӹ̵ĻҲ̤ʵ
Ȼط˵ģʲô˹Ҫʱһľӹ̵ĵҲûκεֿġ

ʱ
һֱԼĸ˿ռУ΢Ǳһ£һԼڼݺûм档
ϾŮӣݺӦڿȵװԼĸ˿ռ䣬ûǸȤˡ
ַ֪ͨڽ죬ѧԺһһȵȫԱգҲֻһڣѧԺѧԱһġ
һ֮ڣѧԺ˵ΪֵˣȻܹҲϰٸˣҪ˵֣Ҳֲֻʱ򣬵ȷʱˡ
˵һѧԺѧԱֻܹĸлͺݺȥеѧԱ࡭
е㺹գ벻ѧԺֵطÿܹﵽѧԺѶȷǳߣҪȻҲݺŶС
Ҳһֱ̬ٽȥһҪ̬Դ
ѧԺѶȣǲ֮ǰĶһԶż
ԽǼѵͨ˲ŻߵʵԽһֱֻڰǱޣôʵսҲ
ǺǱ޻õģ˲һֱǵطվҪʱġ
ҿԺ˵ֽ׶β˵绹̫ˣǺЧҲܵͣΪһ㣬潫һЩ
ԼӣӸ˿ռȸݺˡ
պúݺҲʱ֣Цʵĸ˿ռװεˣ
֪֪ˡ
ݺһЦһֱӾʹ߶ѪɫԿףȻпռһ͵ĸ˿ռС
ǱһطȻǺݺĸ˿ռ䣿
ǰúݺԸȽϱţ²ϲѰСŮϲĶڿǴˡ
Ŀ֮һƬƽԭƽԭϱһƬɫĻƮҡҷֳһ˳һƢķ˱Ƕ
ҿǼǵã㲻Ӧϲ˰
°ͣ˼⣬֮ǰĵʱѪ˵ݺһֱǸħҪȻô츳Ҳڶʮʱ׵ľ磬ֱĴڡ
Ѫ仹˵ݺСĹ뷿УûʲôѰŮϲĶһЩɱʮս֮Ķ
ǵݺȻԼĸ˿ռ䶼ĵ˻
ЩʱǻǸûĲ𣿡
ݺһЦϲ𣿡
еŮζˡ
Ц˵
ˣ
ݺʱһŭֱӾͰƵһƬĲ֮С


1355 ϵ
ѧԺӭһεѧԱϡ
ͺݺӸ˿ռѧԺļϴʱ򣬷Ѿвˡ
ѧԺԱɫľ彨ɣ⼯ϴȻҲǣУѾдŶʮˣɢɢķɢУʲô
ȻĻǶһˣ˸Ŀģʮ
ͺݺո̤Щ˵Ŀ㼯ϣȻǿףǲЩ档
ʵϣÿһ궼˼ѧԺЩ˵ȻеĽ㡣
ΪѧԺĿµǿЩѧԱܶ˵ǱѾľȴȻûܹ̤˵ǼѧԺҪ̤ĿҲٷ֮һѡ
ԣѧԱϣãʱǾȻȻĽĿתƵѧԱϣǱڴ
һδףһλףһ
СӲ𣿱սдͷǸ
ȷǣλŮؾѪһĹˣͦƯϧѾˣϧ
ѧԺˣһӾϳͺݺݣҲ飬ΪѧԺĳԱǶս鵱ȻǼΪ˽ġ
ȻûвǳսۣҪսУؼ֣ǴǶġ
˵ܹˣ֪˭
ô˵ţ͸һĨ棬ɼڻûйϡ
λӭѧԺҽѧԺѾʮ꣬Ժʲôģֱұɡ
ʱһųӵЦųͺݺ˹
ɫ£ɫ㣬ͷԺų裬Ϣ߶δ׵ĴˣʵӦò
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΢΢һЦҽһ¡
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ٺһЦֱӾ˸߹ȥЩɻϴ
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ӵĺɫ˵ţͺݺЩգԭһǹ˵ġ
û뵽ѧԺлΪϵҲκεطһġ
ϵ֮˫֮һЩܹ̼˫˵ĳɳЩʱ򣬷ֳϵһǻ¡
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ݺ۾˵ڸҲʶʲôˣԷνϴҲûʲôϵ
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Ȼ˫ûȴԵΪѹ֡
һУһŮ߷棬ۣȻ絶⣬ʵ߶δ׵硣
Ůɫ·Ϊһ壬ȫ͸һϢȫѩϸ壬Ϊ
˫߶δ׵ľ磬ϿһһŮȫƾеģҪǿһЩ
ͬΪ߶δ׵磬˵ʵҲǲһģһһŮϣƺܵһϢѹȸС
ˣ¾ҲѾԶˣѧԺϵ졣
ţδ˵
˿룬ļ˽һ£λǸսеĹؼλǺݺѪš
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˵죬ʵӣûκμӣۿͺݺ߹վ΢΢һЦ
ǺãӭѧԺӽ쿪ʼλҪʼȻѧԺҪ˳ĻʱԣֻǣҲΪʲôطܱȵѧԺ
Ц˵ɨһȫ£Ȼһֱܺ棬ʲôͷֵ¼ôʱ䣬ۼ㣬ˡ
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Щ죬Է⻰ʵЩѵԷԼһ۾ܿһЩͨ˲һⶫ
ơ
ЦȻλ׵Ϊȴûһ˿һΪߵϢ㿴ڣô״һҲû˿ƣ˵ƣҪСƣҲ̤׾ʱƻǿ˵ܹԽˡ

һһֱŵŮӣɨһҲЦһЦʵһ˵ƺ̬кܴɼ̬ܲȻ̬ҲܾһСеˣԼ̤񣬵ʵҲرǿƣΪǲԼʲôط츳ƺһ
벻λôߡ
ЦҡҡͷδҲûκεĵΣԼǴӺζʼľ۴УԾΪС磬Ǳ˶Ҫǿ
߶δףҪɱǲܵ£ֻҪ֮УԾڹһûκܹԸ
ǿ֣߳ǿߣվЩ׵ֶΣСУҲѷסԷ
縡֮ǰֱӴСУ͹ĹӸץ˳ֶΣǴײε߾ġ
˵ʵڣѡһ룬ԺʱǱܹһж
Цһ£ҽ磬Աλ˪棬ӦѧԺоḻģʲôҲָ㣬Ͼʲôȥ鷳ǰ
磬˪ѧԺϵ졣
꣬˪ˣȻʵϣ˪Ҳرӣ˻Ǻܵġ
⻰˵֮˪һ䣺ѡ˭ûйϵ˫ֻǾһжԼʵΪ
˵ݺѪһֱЩŹֵģֹŹϢƺΪŨңպϵһ˵ЩƣϵΣ
˪ͷ˺ݺ˵
ݺһ㶡
ͬһϵģϾһҲиӦڵȷ֡
ӵйѪΪ̫ƷѪеĳκһԣҲ֪ʲô̫֮ġ
⣬Ѫ峤㲻ӦǸѪԶѪйأ̫Զ飬ѪжѾû˼ء
һܵõݺʵضܹһ¥


1356 ˫
Ȼ˪ϵǱߣ˵ݺЩƣǺݺǱߵȷǱȽϺõѡ񣬶չһЩ
ƺûʲôҪҪǺݺ˪ϵĻôҲ˪ϵˡ
뵽ݺ˵ȥĶҾȥĶˡ
ݺҲûʲôѹ˪ʵ֪λЩƵǰںδ
δǽܰɡ
˪һЦ˵ûʲôˡ
һ״Ҳûж˵ʲôȻΪͣԼϵȻѾѡٶ˵ʲôҲû˼ˡ
һˣȻͺݺǱߣ˾͹ˡ
˪˵
֮ûʲôûʾʲô˫ʼԻʱȴʾһЩŵζ
˪֮䣬ƺϵǿҰ
ԡ
˪һۣȴδʲôУȫ֮ϵΡ
˫Э֮󣬱˺ˡ
ͺݺҲվ˪Աߣ˪һɫĹӦҲǸѧԺãڲδ׵Ϊ
Ǻãҽ¸裬ҲȥѧԺģҿԸǽһ˪ϵĴ
Ц
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ܣѧԺĳԱǲģֵѧԺϵȴǰ֣΢е֡
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ôҲһˣ¸Դ˶ǱȽϤģЩֻÿѧԱ¶棬ʱȫж¸Ҳܽеó
ϾѧԺܹžʮˣؾ˵סʮ˵Ż൱ɵġ
ܿ죬һһ׵·ⲽ˼ϴһһŮȻ򶨣Ȼܡ
һ֣¸̾Ͷһ£ȻЦλǽأԭ˫˫ӡ
괩źɫ·ŮŰɫɴ£һһȴԵüΪ䣬ȫûиĸо
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۾֮ǰͺݺĵʱż壬ĵȷȷ彮Уɻȱһˡ
Ϊ彮ߴǿУһ˱˫壡
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ˣսϼΪϬͬʵ£Զκ⣬Ҳ˫ǿĵط
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Ҳһսֻ֮˫ͻƵĲΣֻϧ˵ΪҪѾȥ
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սϣ˫սҲǼΪҪɲ֣ڳ˫ĺѧԺʲôֵ顣
һһŮڵΪ磬ֻǵ۾ĲΣǣóǵͻرСŲʮģ
ȤǵһμôСͱѡѧԺġ
˪һ۾Ȼ˫һҲΪȤֻϧ֮ѾԼˣҪ뵽ϵС
ųӵæƨߵߵȥոӭͺݺʱһȥ˫ǰʼơ
ܿ죬㽫һŮ˼ϴ룬ǰ
΢Ц棬˵䣬˳㻹ǽһͺݺԼ˪Ȼ󣬱㽫ϵС
֪֮ʱµ̲꣬ס࿴ۣȻҲ˵¼
ʱסͷʱһǵ۾ĲΣȴ˾춯ص飬彮Ϊ֮𺳣
ͻСĺͶ֮ģƺ޲ھܵ˵һ뵽ϵ
վǿʤ֮ģСǿԼ϶ȫΪպ˺ûѡ
ѧԺУͬһ㣬һᳬԽ㡣
һĨ˹
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ȻǺ£ûиԼ绹Ҫ͵˾ľ˵ûʲô壬Ϊضʤ
¶Է˫꺱ţҲ˿ˣѾλˣСƨǵ۾ΪҪ׷ǲܵˡ
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īѩԺǱϵ֮ˣУ϶ͻʱеǾĻᡣ
ʧһЦ˫ľ֮⡣
ʱѧԺѧԱϾ͵ˣȻ󸡻Ŵӳ뽵٣һѧԺͽʽʼ
ᷢڼϴκԵܣҲܣԾܣκսŹѫ
ѧԺ񣬿ɱսŷҪѵö࣬ϾսЩѰƣͨսŹӶȥġ
ѧԺЩȴֻľӢпɣһʮΣգĸߵʡ
죬ѧԺˡ
ɨһȫִѧԺѧԱһΪ˷̬ܵڼƺǳڴ
鵹Ҳ⣬ϾܵõսŹѫԶһԼҪĶѧԺУԶһԴҪö࣬ƷҲҪĺһ
֮Դֻܻߵ֮ԴȴǿԶһĸЧ֮Դֵĸ߳ü
ڣλ໥һʲôҪҲ̨ʵѧԺҲֻһôҽƽ̨ѡ
˵꣬ڼϴվܡ
һǶԷ˵˰ɣǺˮ͸óˣѧԺɲǵȥ˵ɡ
һ޾似Ҫģ޾似߸㹻սŹѫҲԡ
ܿһ̨һδ׵ΪѧԺӦͦʱˣԳһжᳵ·ӡ


1357 ʼ
޾似򣬼ֵǸߵģҪ֪ôδ֪ʬǣܶһһѡУҲʮ޾似
޾似ֻƷģǷǳѵãܹõģǰܵõɼŲĻֻѧԺж˶еġ
˶ͶȥĽ۹⣬ȴû޾似ܹнġ
սŹѫۣ۸ܿͳһǧĿѧԺġǮˡúܰ
ûãö޾似򣬱һǧսŹѫɽ൱һöĸߵ֮Դˡ
һ룬̨ȥкҪۣⶫǿԵͨЧԺ˵ǳá
˵ⶫǲٵģΪһߣöֻ֮ͨҪǺԵߣö֮ͨһĺԡ
Ҳ˵߼·ߵĻҪöУô彮Уһʱܳôࡣ
ԻϣһǲܴöģӵкݺݣҲܸôຮļ۸
ˣ˴ʽҲѪճתܴ⡣
ովѾ۲һ£ѧԺԵߣôҲ˪ϵ죬Ů˪
أ⺮ӦսŹѫŶԣʱͶһһöϵ֮Դˣ˵ǷǳҪġ
̨ûʲôϻֱӾͰѺȡ˳˵ۣԶһ֮ԴսŹѫ
˻ţСӸոռѧԺõóʲôö
һȴǶЩ𾪣ֶɲô׸㵽ֵģѧԺһڶУܹһöƷͲˣ
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ȵȣЩǷǳѵúģȴǼΪ޴Ҫ֪ͺݺ̽˰߱Скĸֻ֮ͨоڡ
ǿ߶ղ룬Ͳ˵ˣ̶ȣԲ޾似
ӸոտѧԺе˶ǡǮˡرоʱһҪһ֮ԴĲ㣬Ӧ㹻˵ġ
Ȼ֣ͷֳв˶ǰһ˪ϵ죬Ůӣ˪
˪˶˱Ϣ뺮ļΪϵԣڼȻر⡣
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ϵѧԺѧԱҲ¶Ƶı飬һ˪ֻܰ̾˿²Լˡ
ǹõվҪһԵģҪȻǹؾ͹ȥڲ˪ۺǾûа취ˡ
һģ˪ǺһѧԱ˫Ůѩ
һö֮Դ֪Ҫ󡣡
ѩһĶˣ˵ԼĶȡ˳һö֮Դ
ö֮ԴѧԺĽϵ֮ԴͬʣȴˮϵԵġ
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ˮϵ̫֮ϵ̫֮Ե̫֮ҪķԽϵΪˮϵΪศȱһɡ
Ȼ̫֮δʼ򵽵ģֻ̫֮ѡ
ˮϵϵ
۾֮ԴԾ񰡣ϸһ£Ҫ˵ˮϵ֮Դã϶ǲϵ֮Դġ
ʱ˵ӴĲжĶ缫ߵĴڣǴ׾Խϵ̫֮ôǺܴ
Ϊ˫̫սûʲôΪ
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ң˽ϵ̫֮ɵʾģдӶһԶżеõʯеʾģһǽϵ̫֮ġ
Ƿȱģȫսһ£Ҫϵ֮ԴȽϺá
ϾһСֻһö֮ԴҪȻĻ໥ͻòʧ
ˮϵ֮ԴòǺܴ󡣡
һ£˶ѩش
ŮϺȻĸֳʧ飬Ȼֻа˰սŹѫû˳۵Ļ۸ǿԽܡ
˫˵ǡǡֻһҡ֣տʼǽʱ˭һЩϰߡ
ȻȻĽˣ˰սŹѫ۸ߵ𣿡
Ű򡣡
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߶δס
Ǻһۣһ߶δףԼһ£ѧԺУ֮һ߶δ׵ǿߡ
ЩˣǼѧԺܾ˵ģϾѧԺѧԱֻ츳ǿΪ
Щ˵츳ֱ˴׾¶ڴ׾类սҲģЩѾ߶δײżѧԺҲй
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߶δ׵ĺ֮Ҳû˿ԥϾڳ˶Ǻͺϵ츳ԺǷǳġ
˺ҪͨһӾջ󣬾ֵǳۣ
۾Ű˫ѧԱѩЩʧΪòսŹѫˡ
ż۸ֱһǧһ˪ڳۣһǧ򡣡
۸͸ոյ޾似ˣ˪˵۸ȻǼޣӼֵ޾似ȣǧ
۸񣬻ʺϲʺйء
óǸڳ˭ϵô¶
˪һǧսŹѫ֮󣬲˾Ͱֻ΢һ£ٴν۸ᵽһǧ


1358 Ҿ
һǧսŹѫ۸Ѿ˷ŵ޾似׻ֳ󺮱̫ࡣ
˪ģƽҪòڼһȻٶ۶ҪŪС
ϾⶫֱͨһЩЧѾ߶δףһҪǳѣÿһᶼŹ
֪˪߸ͨѾõ˼ö϶ûģҪȻҲûҪڳˡ
Ǻһǧʱ˪ü΢΢һ£ȻǺһۡ
һǧİ򡣡
˪ۣ۸񣬿˵ǳ˺ԭļ۸ˣѧԺ̫̫࣬٣¼۸һЩҲġ
ȻѧԺзֳϵȻǺ겢˶˪òǺ걾Ҳ˪ϵһԱ
ЩѧԺеѧԱζòģϾ˭ţ˭˭ֳϵֻƽʱиٽһѧԱŬѡ
ԣǺ΢΢𣬿һ˪һǧۣұˡ
ӣһǧļ۸Ǻļˣֻ֪ЩսŹѫ˵߼ú
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֮󣬴һϵ֮ԴսŹѫȴû뵽һöļ۸Ѿ˽ϵ֮Դ
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˪ЦһֻʤĸоһǧһöǺܻ㣬ö˵ش
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һ͸ˣΪ˫ڱصõ̬۸϶ܹһ¥˵һ£
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ôһǧ˰ɡ
˪˵ţڿʼⳡ۾еϵϵ֮ľˣвˣʼЩŵ
ֵܳһǧ߰ټ򣬸ϵˣ⺮бҪһġ
һƵ˵ţϴЦݣܼ۸һӵһǧŰ򣬿˵ǾԵĸ߼ˡ
Ҫ˿ϵĲͰѧԱ٣һ˶ϵС
ҪСֶһٹ̵Ļϵһܴİ
Էô˪ϵ˵ȻҲ಻סˣϧǣԷ԰˵ֶΣ̯ʾŹѫ˪ȴǲС
Ϊ˪ϵ죡
Ҫܲϵ˰æǮɣ
ǧ򡣡
õǣ˪۾գһ£ֱӼۣ촽޵Ц⣬ƺҪԷ׿ʲôĵز
ټ򡣡
ϵǱߣһοҲվ˳һǼΪŵԸ񣬹ЦߵԣóսŹѫܼᵽǧһ
˵ʵûȴڰˬޱȡ
ôߵļ۸öԷĸӼһЩջߣԶһϡеԴ
ѧԺߣܶԴûеģսֻܲкԴΪսŵĶԴΪѧԺ
񣬲ƬеʱֻҪһսϵƽǳࡣ
ΪˣԴѧԺҲġ
ǧ򡣡
˪ɫ䣬ö˵ڱصãǳ룬ϵսŹѫкܶ࣬⻹ԶԶﲻļޡ
ټܼǧ򣡡
Ǳߣһ˳۸һߵµĸ߶ȣⳡ˫һж
벻ոս뵽ϵôΪǳǮȷĲ˺ܶС
ȻǲԸռˣ֮϶ЩҪģΣĳȷǸжˡ
ǧİ򡣡
˪ǲŲæӣȻ۸Ѿ˺۸һȴȻû˪ݡ
һ˪Ȼһ
˪ƺҲ̫թЩɣû´ĻӦڶۣ׬Ұ
ͻȻôһ룬ԽԽпܣ۸ֻҪϵǱ߹ˣôռ˵ĶҲ˪ϵˣ
ѧԺ֮Уûһɵӡ
˳㿴һı飬ǼһҲһȻɫ֪϶֪˪Ĵ㣬ȴδֹ
Ϊϵ˵ͬҲкô顣


1359 ֮ͨ
ļҾǱʵﶼ˫ưɣ£Ҳֻ˫ˣûŵˡ
Ϊпôⳡ˫ϵıƴУռ˺ܴ˵ģҲ㹻ˡ
˪ЩĿ࿴ŮˣԲ򵥰
˵ѧԺеѧԱȫǼ򵥵Ľɫÿ˵һһģʵȴΪԼ㡣
Ļڼ
ܿ죬óöͱĵǧĸ߼ۣϵٴγۣ۸񶥵ǧ߰ʱ˪оҲˡ
촽ǧ߰ҳߵļ۸ˣ⺮øǰɣϣѩܷӳöĪҪû
һġ
˫Ůѩҧҧ촽˵ͷ
ǧ߰սŹѫ˵ǲСĸһֱһжֱ˴ˣҲһ˳һǧʮͿˡ
ѧԺиĽȣŰ굽һʱ䣬Ǿܹ׬ˣȡһöʵǲģֻǳôսŹѫվЩˬ
Ȼĵ˺һЩҪ˵ġ
˫ī˵λлǰæ۾ģЩսŹѫǲװռ˵ģ׬ôսŹѫ̾ͿԻǡ
һԵٺһЦѵ˼ҪˣҪĻһҲͲˣ⺮ļ۸ЩԤƣȫĻЩЩˣ
⻰˵Ļͦʵڵġ
ǻ˫ѩԼǲԸǧ߰սŹѫȥһһöģҲԼ塣
ԣ˫˸еһ룬ǱȽϹһǧ߰򣬻˸ԳȥһĻǸҲʲô
˿һӵĺɫ꣬ƺЩҪȻôõóһǧ߰һ룬Ҳǰ˰ʮȥ˾ĺ
飬ȥ֪̽ͺã֪ĻҲȥʣ鷳ϾǸԼûʲôϵ顣
ĳɽֱ֮ӵõϵǱߣ׹ǧ߰սŹѫԼԭеʮܹӵǧʮľŹѫ
־൱һʾ޿ˣܹõϵ֮Դ£ʣµĵȻҪݺˡ
һ飬ûǡ
ѩ˵һöˮϵ֮ԴǷҪۣ
˫ѩŮһۣȻʵ
á
ѩһпûʲôøУⳡҾĵס
óô˫ƴ۸
ðɡ
˶ԷвˬҲû⣬ĻҲе㲻ˬʵϣȴȫ޹ġ
ֻó֪ѧԺϵĳôߵļ۸񰡣
˵ʵֻҪһԼһ֮ԴĿȱˣ˭֪
Ȼĳ˸߼ۣ黹ǺܺõģѩԼûʲôͲĿǷΧ֮ˡ
Ȼѩˮϵ֮ԴҲûж˵ʲôֻ˺ݺվһȻʼҪһʲôܹԼʵ
ƷȻڼǰóһЩöָƷһһֱûʲôͺݺдõĶ֡
ݺǿѧԺĶһƷбеһ
ͨƣⶫʦƳĶ˵֮ͨ뵽һ״̬ӿԼٶȡ
ݺ˵һ˵ⶫȽϼߣΪһ˵ʱ̫֣ǽһ֮󣬻ûõһѧԺѧԱ˵Ͳһˡ
ԣ˵ͷѧԺѧԱţõĻҲѰ˶öֶ࣬ͨΪ׼
˵ڻûüкܶ֡
һʾģڲɣȥҪѵʱ佫࣬ҪǱĻҪľǽʾȫ
ڶϵ̫̫֮еϵ̫֮ĻԼӿʾĵ򣬲ǿʾĵ˵ǽϵһĵĻ
ڴˣһ㶼ûģܿҪһϵ֮Դϵ̫֮ǲġ
Զһ޴ʯϵʾʲôԿ϶ҲǴӽϵ̫֮ģҲǲס
ģˮϵ̫֮ӵеȴδڣǲżһԺʱ䣬վҪˮϵ̫֮ȫġ
Ƿȱʱ仹ǳ࣬ͨٶȵĶж١
ϧǣͨƱͲǳĶѧԺҲϡ٣ѧԺУ˶ҪͨĶ
ţͱԼͺݺС˫ŮҪͨĶԣһܹһء
֮ǰҿˣѧԺܹʮƿͨƣÿһƿͨƵĶһİսŹѫ
ݺ˵
ô˵˫СһͶһͨˣǷծһǧٶսŹѫǮһͨƣ
΢˿ܿ죬֪Լ´ˣΪѩȻ̨Ȼһö֮ԴУȻҪ
ˮϵ֮ԴҪ𣿡
۾ѩߵ̨ϵʱ򣬻޵һۣƺеƵ˼
ֻϧһƽϣο֮ԴֶÿֻҪһö㹻ˣڳѧԺѧԱŴѾӵԼ֮Դ
Ҳ˵öˮϵ֮ԴĲߵļ۸񣬶Ҳ巽ŵõծˡ
ȻǶĻѩ׬˵ģϾʼʱˮϵ֮ԴֱӽûдӦ
ˮϵ֮Դܹĵһǧʮļ۸ôѩ뻹Ǵ˵ġ
΢עһεľģ־ĵ˵Ҳ٣㼤ң۸ҲǵһǧսŹѫͣˣҪǴ󲻶࣬ⶫĳļ۸Ҳǲˡ
ǺĶ˻ֻ֣ҪǺϵģҪܶĺ
ƺ˺Ѻðѵǹ
иʣԵŮ¸ʵ


1360 Ѫ
¸⣬һЦĹҲպֻǶóԴõĶˣǹƽûʲôġ
ԭˡ
˵ͷΪ˪ǹѧԱģڿˣȻҲͷˡ
ѩˮϵ֮ԴѧԺѧԱϲ͵βѧԺ컹ᷢԽ֮ǸһཻĻᡣ
ᣬԲѧԱ˵ǺҪģƽﲻͣлụϣڽһȥĵã
˵ûʲô˼ˣΪʶʲôˣ˵Ҳܺ¸衢˪˵ϻ
ϵǱߵˣҲ̫˼ȥύˣϾϵб𣬶ҸոǺòϵ˶˲սŹѫ˵ԷѩһһЩҲ˵
ԣ϶Ա֮ݺʹȥˡ
Ż﷢ҸݺȻȥˡ
֮ǰǸ¸˪˸к
˪ԣЦҡҡͷһ飺ȼһλǰڵݺĲ࣬ڰԵκһԺҪɾûôˡ
ţҲá
磬˵ͷϾǶԺݺҪһ飬ܸڵʲôéٿһ;ǰ̤һ󲽡
˪ǣͷ£ܿһڰȹӵŮⲽ
⵹ͺݺЩȣ⾹ȻһŮҪ֪˪ƺƺΪǰء
λҸ˵ǰǶҩҩѧԺʱ仹硣
˪΢΢һЦͺݺ˵
ҩҩǽѧԱ㿴ܸܲܵõݺ
˪תڰȹӵŮʵ
ҩҩĺڰȹŮⲽϴ޵ЦݣЩʲôһߣϵϢȴȷЩصĵط
ԣֳɹӰ棬ռ䣬սԪԣҩҩڵǲеκһ֣ڣȺݺҪԸӳס
һǺڰȹӵŮҩҩʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȻܸܵǺǿҡ
߶δ׾Ůҩҩ´һºݺѪˣѪ֮бʹŵһ㶼Լ벻λǼ˲٣ѪܹȫѵĻἤࡣ
Ѫѣ
ݺǰҲ˵ԴˣףҲѪ峤֪ô¡
ʣǰһ϶ǷǳȤˣҩҩĶùѪѵĶǺݺɱץסλᣡ
ѪѣѪУʵЩҲУֻѪвͬˡ
ҩҩ˵ͷҵѪѾѣҪԼѪԴңϸ˵˵
źãлǰ
ݺΪмĵ˵ͷóǰҩҩϢҪԼ׸ǿ
˵Ѫ峤ڰȹӵŮҩҩͬ߶δ׵磬ҪǻѪ峤϶ҩҩĶ֣
ϾҩҩѧԺĳԱͬ磬ֻҪȫ޵еһ
˵ڻ֪Ϊʲô뿪ѧԺ㽫⻰˳֪λ֪֪
ѧԺӦʱģ˪ҩҩѧԺöˣӦ˵Ŷԡ
Ȼ֪
˪ԣһӣ츳ǶΪ֮ޣϧΪʥŮѧԺ̫ʱ䣬ѧԺ뿪ˡ
ԭݵԭ򡭡
ЩϧһֱѧԺĻ˵θӿ˰ɣ
صϣȥΪʥŮĶʵǲ٣ֲ
˵;Ľ飬ϵĵȴԲǸԭΪʥŮϵìܱѾǳˡ
ҵ˵Ϊԭ˾ϣȥǾʥŮˣֻǲ֪ںη
ҩҩǰһѧԺʱ̸ΪͶ֮һˡ
û뵽ҩҩһϵȻǺӵǲ˵ġ
ֻЦ˵彮һطǱްɣҲر´μǿʸá
ǵأ´лᣬұдһЩ˭ĽһЩ
ҩҩҡҡͷ˵
ȥɾû˵ˡ
ǣȻȥɣǵðͨˣҾ͵ҩҩǰһˣЩ⣬ĺһ¡
ݺ˵
˵ͷţұˣλǰǡ
˵֮ԼȥˣҪϻȥѸĶȫ˵

ܿصԼĸ˿ռ䣬ȻһƬɽҰˮϵ̫֮򴦲鿴
ǧʮսŹѫԶһĶʵ̫ˣҲҪˣλһĿġ
ȣȻöϵ֮ԴܹҪһǧսŹѫܹһ˵Ǹܴҿڽһʱڲϵ̫֮
һǧսŹѫ˵ֻǲһĲƸǷ磬߶δ׶ǲӵ˷ĲƲġ
Ѫĵ۾ųȫʲҲѴﵽǧ򼶱Ǽ뵽ѧԺеˡ
ȻЩսŹѫҲƽ޹ʵģѧԺеĸѧԱƽɵĹףҪ˶öࡣ
жٹףܵõԴһֱģһЩϧԴֻи˲пܵõ
Ȼ彮ڻвٹӸ磬ɣȻˣܹõԴҲվ޵ġ
ĶζòģһЩ֮ıҲֹܸӸ磬ضǸǿߣܹﾡãΪȡԴ
ϵ֮Դ֣սŹѫʣǧʮ򣬽ȥͶһƿͨƣպʣʮӦ
ܿ˾ͨڶͺݺ˵ҪĶⶫǵʵǰϺܶ౶ǧһƿͨƣǼ仮顣
ͨƵľЧر֪һƿ֮ͨ󣬽뵽һͨص״̬
״̬£ٶȽʮﵽһٱĳ̶ȣ
ܹ٣͵ÿԼˣÿ֮ͨЧһġ


1361 ٴ̸
ܿ콫ҪһĶһˡ
ϵ֮ԴƿͨƣܹͻǧսŹѫҪǷǰ붼롣
ۿԶԶֵˣһ뵹ҲûʲôҪʹġ
һδ֪ʬǣͼֵôսŹѫʮ֮ǰǰϰپʬǶսˡ
õĸԴֵܼҲԶЩŹѫֻǸǺķչԴ˵ġ
Ȱѽϵ֮Դ뵽Сɡ
ţű㿪ʼж
֮ԴٶȺܿ죬ͨƣھͲõʱˣӣٵ֪Լܵʲô񣬲ſԺԼƻ
ϾͨƵЧʱɲһ죬Ƕʱܹ书Чȫӳġ
ⶫ̫ˣ彮ڣܹƳʦǼģΪⶫżֵİսŹѫ൱һͨ߶δһʱˡ
ͨƾ˵ЧãȻǲԸ˷һ˿һЧġ
֮ԴϵԴ
һţһȡ˾Ȼ󽫵õĽϵ֮Դһ뵽˾еС档
ϵ֮ԴһöɫС͹򣬱Уֱӻص˾СУȻ߶֮öСͽɫ
֮İ£ϵ֮ԴĽɫâϷɢȥȻ뵽СУʼС硣
ԸܵԼСָٶȣʼһı
ٶȵͬʱܵһֽϵ̫֮뵽ԼСУԽϵ̫֮ڿʼһ
Ȼֻһ㣬ٵԺԲƣվһʼһϵ̫֮Ŀʼ
Źʱң͸оԼԽϵ̫֮ڿʼϵ֮Դȫ뵽СڣڿʼȫЧ
ңСеָٶȣһӱ֮ǰʮ֮࣬ڿʼ
һֻҪܸʱ䣬ҾܳնȻħ֮أ
ţԽϵ֮ԴЧ൱⡣
СУҪŵľǧ塢壬ЩǴǰĽ飬֮ͻʮĹ塣
࣬һҲûйϵؼøǹ޷̸һ
ãܹöԷٽһ޾似򣬷ʵȵ˲֪٣ǹʮһ֣ȫ顣
УǿҲ޷ǵ۾ĲΣûд֮Ǹܵõ
ԣùĺܹԹ˵ش󣬶˵ûʲôӰ졣
ԼСרſٳһտռ䣬ȻСԶָĴȫۼտռС
һտռе㹻ǧߵճ裬˵Ǽ䱦ĲƸ
ı仯ǣħ֮طԺܿصĲΣֻҪȱκطѸ̤ء
㶨֮뿪տռ䣬ȻʹУǰҹ޷ȥˡ
ԷԼСУȻܹҵԷ˲䵽Էǰ
壬СһȽƫƧĽ䣬ֻճ裬Ҫƾ붼Ҫġ
ԼһĻܹһЩЩ̤㵽ؾĲΡ
һ˵۾Ϊûд֮Ҫͱޱѡ
СƫƧУ˲ٹЩĵطǵġҡ
ûоͨĹ壬ֱ޷
ҵΪõԸǶһ㸣ˣΪϣҲóһõĶ
޷żɽ˵Ȼת˶ԷϾ֮ͬҪǱȽѵġ
رǹ壬ûֶ˵ĸһѻ˼Ĺͷˡ
޷ڱĿ˼Լĳ·ͻȻǰЩ⧲
Ļ֮޷ҲһЩС˼
Ըṩʲôô
޷һ䣬д
СǣҵСУٶȼӿ˲٣Ըṩˣ˫׵ĻҲûǸṩǡ
ֱ˵˵
Ҫʲô˵ʵǹӵеҪĶ޷ǾЩ޾似ˣҪĻȻǿԸģҲÿṩǵĸǲˡ
޷ɲô׾ͱƭģֱó޾似ܡ
Ȼˣһ֮ǳͷܵȸǺˣΪҪṩһö޾似򡣡
ЦȻ֮ȥһʱڣṩǵʮ߿˵ÿһö޾似ҶԸʮͶ룬ҪҪĻԸһЩ޾似ҲǿԵġ
˵ѡ
ԭĵСֻռС۵Ĳٷ֮һ
ǶʮС֮Դ˵ҲֻǾţһëûκӰ졣
ʮṩԹ˵ɾȫһˣ
κ˵ǷչĻеĻȻҲһУûһؾĴڣûС磬Ҳû
Ҫ淢չȫֻУĽףڴŶԷ
ʵҲˣ޷ֱӱ̸иˡ
Ϊ˵вٵ޾似Щ似֮ǰսʱ򣬴ģԹ˵ûκô
Ľף˵˫˵ǼģԼûʲôõĶȥȡһЩԼܹؼĶ
޷ǵģ⣬Ҫ棬Ҫչ
СУ޾似Ǳ֤ǰ޾򶼸ô᲻Щ壿
֮ͬ䣬վǴźĲɣ޷ǾԲģǹĩҲòԶˡ
еȨף޷ȫǵһ΢һ֣֮


1362 ֮ӡ
޷˺ܳһʱ䡣
Ҳûдǿţ˰ʱ޷ö⡣
ԣҴӦҲһҪ㲻ܴӦҪεĽ׻ˡ
޷նС鴫Ȼ֪
˵˵ɡ
˵ͷҪԷʲôҪ
ںʵʱǽöȫ޾似ΪҪ뿪С磬ɷչ
޷Ҫ󣬱Ԥ֮С
һ˵Ҫ棬涼޷֤ˣôһжǿյġ
СУֻƾ޾似֤棬ĻʱпܱϾСУһжƿء
ҲӵһЩֶΣԽ޾似ҪȻĻԼ֪Լ᲻ǿ
ڹҪ뿪С磬ǰһ԰ȫĵطҲǺ顣
ֻǡ
ȷҵõһɷչĵط
ЦЦȥĵطУҵõĻԼҪһطȻҵڶʱһῼ뿪ɷչġ
ûôɵ
˵ԷֻԸÿ꽻һö޾似ֻҪԷڣһֱӶԷõ档
һԷ뿪Ȼ̵õö޾似򣬵ӳԶȴǿ
ȻϣܾܾԷҪȻĻԷ»ΪСУͲ̫ˡ
˵ͬ⣬ȻֱʾҵԷҪֵطһûʲôˡ
޷յҲ֪е
ҪǹɷչĵطҲֲȥռݣϾڲдʵ̫ˣκһǰǲһ
ڣҪ˵κһˣһؾĸ壬ܹʮಿ
Ȼô룬Ҳûа취
޷ܿ˴𸴣ʮ裬һһö޾似ǹӦˣǼԣʱ򣬱ύö޾似򡣡
ԡ
˵ͷȻûͣת뿪ˡ
˫Э飬ͲҪѹһ壬˵ãҲЩ޾似ˡ
ʱ֪Էж٣ţԼʵǿͿһöԷİ޾似ó
޷飬Է޷ǾҪչ׳𣬵֮ǰĵǰȫ⡣
ֻҪⷽȥǣȥԷܻܾ
ǣԷ޾似Ѿʣ޼ĻΪ˱֤ԼļֵͻȨԷпܷչĻᡣ

ԼС֮󣬱ڲռ䣬ȥһʱʾġ
Ȼֻж̶ʱ䣬һʱ䶼Ҫ˷ѡ
ֱڶһ磬Ӿг׼ǰѧԺļϴȥʲô񷢲
ճ˿ռ䣬ݺҲպó
ȥ˸кʵôҩҩи˵ʲôûУѪѵİ취
ţ˵һ㣬ϾѪͬԾķҲֻ֪ǰѪѹ̸ҽһ顣
ݺ˵ͷҩҩ˲أȻĮʵȴĵģ񷢲ʲôûУҩҩ˵ÿѧԺѧԱǿݵģִֻܿƼΪ档
ִƼΪ
һȻ˵ҪĻҾҸǰ彮ˣӦеİɣһҸ죬ȥݷһС׵λʦǰѡ
ţ˳·Ļûʲô⣬֮ܶȹȥɡ
ݺЦסĸ첲Ȼһżϴȥ
񷢲ӣѧԺеѧԱ룬ȻЩر磬ֱڼϴеš
һЩ˾ͽЩȻֱӴͳȥˡ
ͺݺûôżǵＯϴʱ򣬻ѾһѧԺѧԱѾ뿪ˡ
뼯ϴʱ򣬲ĿⶼеͺݺϣһĿ˪ϵ¸衣
¸ȥѧԺѧԱѧԺУʶҲ࣬θպøݺͦϵģС鲽˹
ݺ׼ʲô࣬һ߰ɡ
¸ԺݺЦ˵
԰Щʲô
ݺ˵ͷȻָָϴУƯڰеһЩһͷˡ
Щ֮ӡÿһжһö֮ӡЩ֪е֮ӡὫ㴫͵ʲôطȻȽʺʲôΪѧԱȥȷҪͿԴڲ֮ӡ֮ӡὫ㴫͵ִġ
¸һͺݺˡ
ȥ
ǲżģϾΪܵͣѧԺУҲûʲô˵õˣǶԸͬѧԱ˫Ů
ԣѧԺҪǷλ׽׶ε˿϶ýܣϾʵ̫Щ
νҪľϤһѧԺڽʲôģʱҲܴ
Ҫ֪еԴȫеģҲرеҪԴԼ
űȽɵ̬ɵһ֮ӡ򸽽Ȼȥһ
ȭͷСڰƮţɢ͵İɫâϴУٸĹ
ִǸ֮ӡʱ򣬹Ȼһͨǹ򴫵ݵԺС
ִ彮֮⣬彮ڣΪĶδףϡսŹס
ܵһϢ֮ЩѰˡ
ݵĽϢУȻûдµҪʽ֮ǰû֪ȥʲô
ô˵Ҫǰ彮ȥ£ʵǲ̫ģѰ߶δǰ彮ڣҲԻܶ಻Ԥ֪Σա
˵ѧԱܵĶδ׾ͿˣɼѧԺеͷʵǲܹΪһ̸
˵ģǿȫһˡ
ɲ̫ݣҪѡ񣿡
üͷ΢塣
ʵ֮̽߶δײεܹʤεģսôôܻܴ׵Ķֵġ
ݣҲֻˣܶԸǿڣҲλײΣôܵҲλ׵Ĳ£Ļп޷


1363 ʼ
һ֮ӡ򣬼Ѱȥ
֣⼯ϴе֮ӡмصĴ񣬶ҪδϵΪʺϲμӣҺܶ඼Ŷһܹж
ҵ񲻴ִ彮ı߽總Ƽˣδ׵ʵ
ݺʱһԴϢ¸趼עһ¡
¸֮ǰҲѰҺʵ񣬵һ˿겻ɡ
ʵ¸ҪһĻ׾ٵģ˪һ񣬾΢һͺݺҲͺݺһжˡ
źݺڴȥһ֮ӡ򣬷ֹȻݺ˵彮߽總УպøλҪ
Ҫ˳ȥһ죬˵巽սϵһͳ˧ĻûκɣصĽȥĸױġ
ǣʲôɡ
֮ܶҲҲûãȥˡ
Ϊ飬δף¸˵ǸպãԺݺ˵ڵʵս϶Ҳܹʤġ
ʣһλ׵ĲΣȻδײεǿ߶սҲһܹ𵽾Եá
ȻˣȷǱȽϺʵġ
¸е㻳ɵĿһۣΪδ׻вپ룬ȷ񲻻ʲôΣ𣿡
ͷĺˣֲǲ֪ڱͻǰסôʱأһż̽ʱҲǷ˺ܴء
ݺһЦ˵
Ҿǿ
¸漴ͷЦһЦƤӻɰġ
Ǿȷˡ
ݺ˵ͷ㽫֮ӡ룬˹е֮ӡ
һ֮ӡĹ飬֮ӡһöС򣬾ݺС
ö֮ӡַΪ⣬ͨлӡһǿˮϵ̫֮
Щˮϵ̫ܹ֮μӵѧԱֱӴ͵ִ򣬲ҿԽѧԱǴִصѧԺ
ִֶΣǳԽʱӡǵֶΣõԭʱˣֻεǿ߲ܹŪֶ
Щ֮ӡҪƳҲ˲ٹء
˵ǷѧԺѧԱǽʡʱ䣬ٵʱȥɸΪĹס
ѧԺĽѧԱÿһ徫ӢеľӢҪǽʱ䶼˷ڸ·ϵĻɳٶȱضԸ
ݺö֮ӡʱڲܹ֪Ҫݡ
Ȼ㽫ݸ¸˵һ¡
ȥѰ彮߽صһսǸսӦĶλδ׵Ϊ
ݺ˵žЩ֣սʲô˼¸֪𣿡
¸һЦ˵ͷȻ֪ʵ壬嶼ǵжԣҲ壬źƽ˵ĹϵȻ˶ǰˣһ˾Բ֪ģǶǺʲôˡսǱͨļһӵ彮߽ˡ
ԣЩȣ벻ϵ
֮䣬ȻֻежһֹϵϾϵ飬ͻоҲк
˫ĺôȻͲжȥ淨
Ѱսҽս׽Ŀꡣ
񣬻ǱȽϳģ¸ȥĸоһҲѰս
˵ʵѰսΣԲҪ̫鷳ˣϾĿ겻һһֱǸطòϴ̽С
¸üͷ΢壬˵⣬Ѱսһֱ㣬ֻɹȴǺܵ͵ģţÿսͻһʧܵΪЩؽսʵ̫ˡ
ǵʶ֪֮㲻ֻĶλδ׵ΪΣǻܹһӦòǺܴ󡣡
һ˼һ˵ؼǻ֪սʲôʲô壬ӵʲôϢ
һ㲻õˣ֮ӡȻû˵Щ֮ӡϣ͸սϢ
¸ЦֻҪ֮ӡܹʱõϢƾϢܹ׷ˡ
Ӧ˷潻ǵģ֮ӡϣԷһսϢҲģȹȥ˵ɣʧʲͣжȽϺá
¸˵Ժݺʾ⣬ֱӴ߶֮ӡϵˮϵ̫֮
ݺȻҲҵкݺн֮ӡöʵȥ߶öڼһˮϵ̫֮
ڼϴУĳֹٴˣЩѧԱƾ֮ӡֱӴ͵ִȥ
ʱ˿̣ͺݺ¸һԡһˮϵ̫֮Уһˮϵ̫ۣ֮ķʽϣڹһС͵ʱ
С͵ʱֻܹͬʱͨȻͻ᳹ױֻһԵʱ
ʱһֻǿ߲п򹹽
ʱǰȻ˶һۣ໥˵ͷڽʱ֮ǰ㽫ƿش߶ҽ֮ӳÿϣǿ˸ʮʶ֪
¸֮ܵЧ̲סС΢ţЩֶΣʮʶ֪ǿЧʵǿޱȣ
񼼣¸оԼεѰսӦܹɵˣ֮սŹѫƽֵĻÿܵõһսŹѫ
ؼ˳ĻѰսһʱ䶼пɵģ˵Чʵ֮һ
ȻʧʾӸ߲£ΪЩսᾭطܣ˴͹ȥսںηһء
ˡ
˶֮ӳ֣Ȼһ̤뵽˳ǰһʱȥ
ʱѾ൱Ϥˣʱ˿̣ûκεԥ̤֮㲻ϳǰȥ
ʱȷȽխСֻͬʱǰʱͿʼͣı
ϾֻһԵʱܹҲƳ̫οʱҪȻϴö֮ӡȫƳҲĳһλȫˡ
ʱҲֻѧԺѧԱȥһεЧ̮ǰĻռҲ顣
ȻܹѧԺǣȻǲ顣
ʱӺͷʼ̮ǰݺ¸ˣԼٶǰУܿ͵ʱͷ
ʱеϰǧԼǵ״˶پ룡


1364 Ǻ
ʱг˱һƬžǿա
֮ӡָʹطսһγֵĵطսϢһ㣬Ѽ뵽֮ӡС
֮ӡ˵սһγǰ֮ǰʱڿ϶ѾԶˡ
ݺһܣüͷ΢սܵ϶ǲʹʱӡǴ°ʱ䣬Ҳ߲˶Զһ԰ɡ
š
˵ͷ
ʱ䣬Ȼ߲˶ԶҲܻʶ֪ķΧڣԷܴһط
ݺڵѪطǿ֮Ч۷壬ͬƿƾ֮״̬ӳֶΣϧںݺδھ۷塣
Ͼطڵ֮ҪĴ֮ʵǺݺõĴ֮Ƕˡ
δ׵ΪǱȽģҪƬǿվȽŸδ׻ԶԶ߶δףǿʼѡ
ҪǴﵽ߶δ׵ĲΣݺͻῪʼֽĶˣ񣬻ǲ̫Զ
ͬΪ߶δףΪοûʲô𣬵˪ˣǵֶοǱѰҪǿöࡣ
ݺʱûȥطˣʱطأҲ㹻ˡ
ۣ֮漴ѪչῪһ۵֮
ȻЩ֮֮ӡϵսϢʼӿһ򣬸˲֪ںδսϣ
ͨսϢݺݳԷһЩϢܹݳ٣͵ÿԷ֮жǿˡ
֮Ƕ̫֮˭Ҳ֪ڤڤ֮оʲô֮ж
˫֮ǿȲĻҪݳԷϢûôףڣطݺ֮ȻǸʤһġ
ֻǣȻݺ֮ǿһЩȴҲǿ᲻˶٣ҪݳԷϢҪķѲʱȥԷս
ɣ֪ŷλˣȻر׼Ҳж
һʱ֮󣬺ݺ۾ֹͣս¶һŵЦݡ
ţߡ
¸ҲЦŵ˵ͷԸоһʱʱ򣬺ݺ֮Ƕôǿ
Ȼݺһ磬֮ȴǾԱҪǿöࡣ
¸ҲǼʶģڸطͬÿóķҲͬ
ܹ뵽ѧԺţÿ˶ôһĵطԶˣ¸γˣ
Ȼݺݳ˴·λ̾Ϳʼж
ط彮߾սĵط
彮彮Ǳ߲࣬ڽս֮䣬ǺӣΪսͨߡ
ĵطڣ彮Ǻӣ彮ߣǺӣ߱Ǳø
Ȼ˫ٵķѶǲģڿ彮һǺӣвǿ߰æػ˵˫ŵġ
սϢݳָķ򣬾ڳڶǺӷ򣬲뵱ȻûôԶ
ڣ彮ԵһǺӣΪǺӡͳ
ϣǺ;ϡ¥ɽһ壬彮ǱߵĻͬһǺӻ϶ֻһͳ졣
ǱߣǺӶɶһأǺУĴ塣
ô˵ÿǺӵͳʵǲģǺӸǺӶս˭ʤ˭ҲԤϵ顣
ս϶ǶǺӵУȥ˵ڶǺӣϾΪսõߵʱӡǴ
ȻӵģԻȥ£ҲֻǺʱϾֻǺУܹõһЩ֮ȵԴ˵Դ
ǴײεǿߣҪάСתÿһʱһЩ֮ĻСһΪҲͻһˡ
ǺУ͵֮Դж̺ģǷǳǿķģϵ̫֮Ԫ
ƬǺУȻϡȴܹܵⲻգһǺӵС
һƬյУжûж˵ĸоʵ̫һˡ
ǺУȻΧۿʲôܵΧռеϡҲ̤ʵС
ɣСǰһ㡣
ȡ˳ȻŮ뵽еڲռУϾ֮ȫˮϵ̫֮ʩչմԽĻһӱܿԽʮľ롣
ǺǰУûʲô˲ֶι⿿еĻҪҵһʵ̫ˣǿûʱġ
¸еʱǰһû뵽Ȼһս
ǴϢϣ¸͸ܵеŨˮϵ̫֮Ȼһ̫Ʒʶ̫Ʒ
̫ƷѵѾѵʮˣ
¸̲סʡ
£
ݺһЦ¸ܵеڲռС
ôᣬҲܾѵʮ̫Ʒݺոյ̫ƷҲʱѵھŲˡ
¸ɫΪɻ
Ǳ̫¯սС飬ɡ
δ飬Ҷ֮Ǳţûʲôġ
һ̫¯ĸ֣¸𾪣һǰ꣬оԼ֮ǰĲ²ⶼЩƫġ
¸Ϊڱսܹס񣬿϶õԵʣڿɲǽþ顣
̫¯Ĵţ¸赱ȻҲ˵˵ҪʱУܹ۶ɣҲ˵Ҫʬᡣ
εĴڣҲܿȥ۳һ̫¯
̫ˡ
¸̲סпӳ
Ȼ͵ö࣬ȻѧԺ緽滹Ҫ
ΨһҪĵģǿӣ
ʣڿܹΪĿԣȲ˶Ҫ߳٣Ͼ˵סʱֻŵ۾εΪˡ
ȵΪ߶δ׵ĻҲҪǿӹɵˡ
뵽¸赹Щ̲סˣȲҪսΡ
ϣҵս֣ܿϣʧ
¸š
пʼʩչմԽֶΣһ˲ܿԽʮ룬мٴźݺָķǰ
ŽԽʮκڶܵǰһϢ
ȵһ£ȻͨʱӡǴǰɣٶȸһЩһѫ£ҪȴʱӡǵĴͼ
˵⻰ֱӳǿ򸽽йȥ


1365 Ϣ
սȻôɵľͶϡ
ݺ̽սλãҪңԶһЩǻǱϵʱӡǴ󣬼ǰǰ
ʱӡǿãǵȻֱˣ˲ƶҪöࡣ
кܿ͵ǿΧȻַͬϣ֮⣬ҲȻġ
г֣Ȼһѫ³ʾһ£Щ˱ֱӷˡ
˭Ҳһѫµ˰
˺ܿͨǲϣǿϣһȽϷĳм䡣
˻٣ݺһλÿԶҾ͵ߣй顣
Ժݺ˵
ţȥɡ
ݺ˵ͷ׼սλãȻܺʱ䣬ǰһӣǵһ£ֹʲôʡ
Ͼźݺս϶öԷһЩܲȡһЩжǲʱһ£öԷţʱնԷĴ¶
ս֮֮ҪһЩģ¸һҸջɡ
ݺ¸˵
¸Ҳ˵ͷݵʱȫעԵȻ˱ţȥ̽ϢȻҲš
ŮֱӵԱҿջȥˣ۾ֵϻһܣȻһҾ¥
Ҫ̽ϢȻҪһЩˣԴ˵ĻԷһ֪Ҿ¥ϰ壬Է˳ǻ֪顣
Ͼ彮ǱߣҲˣھǺӱȽϽǺУһ˶֪ǺӵЩͳ˧ֺ¼
Ҫ˴㶫ûҪһѫȥѹˣôҲͿˣϾ飬һӦòܲŶԡ
ȻҲп̫͵һûʲô˼ȥע⵽ôѯһ²Żн
һ¥ҰʹҵĶǾ¥ϰ߹ܼ֮ÿ˶һЩҩĺô
Щҩ˵㲻ʲôòˣЩ¥ϰܼ˵ֵͦǮĶṩһϢܹõֶΪ
ʮҾ¥ڴ˹Ĳ飬֪ǺӺսϻǱȽϻԾ
ȣȷǴдӾϷģӦþˣֻû֪ȷʵЩ¥Ҳ̫εϢ
Σǿ˵һ죬Ҳսŵһͳ˧߶δ׵Ϊ磬ʵΪǿᣬµ׾ŻһһĻš
ߵսҪڶԿĽԷƼΪң˫ڶڽֽ׶ΣԷ޷ȡκνһս뵽彮ǺӶûܹ
ȻǼͻƣҪͨʱͻϮ彮ǺӣսȴԲҰܸգʧǿߣĻҲ˲⡣
֮սһСľͻغڱͷ񣬻һͷ񣬱ǲ֧ԮԳŲסķˡ
һķ߱ñͷæԹ˲Ͼٶⷢʲôˡ
׾ŵͳ죬߶δ׵ľ磬ƽפĵһǺӣ׾ţսŵ֮һ
ˣ֮սУ׾ţֻڻҶѣʱеʱĸ׾ţб塢׾ȫ׸ɵʧΪء
һεĳͻȫֻϡ
Ȼͳ˧׾ţʵ϶ǺǿģҪѪ䡢顢ϴǵĵ۾Ҫǿ١
פڵһǺ𡭡սҵˣ񣬲Ϳȥˡ
ţ˾ȻǰҺݺȥˡ
ôЩʱȥݺӦѾóˣʱʱ㹻ݳһЩйսϢˡ
˫ʱӡǴ󴦻ˡ
ݺ¸趼Цеӣʱֱӻִ˸к黹
ôôģѵݳսϸϢˣ
Цʵ
ţսϾһӵ彮û˿Һ¸ݣʧȥ˵ֵ֮ݳȷλڸϿϹȥɡ
ݺһ˵ţһԡ
ȡһѫ£ʱӡǴڣʹȨֱҪϵ˿˴
ڵȴŵ˿ˣΪĽеһѫ£˭֪Ǿʲô

ʱӡǴݺ¸ˣһ𱻴͵ǧ֮һ
ǡ
Ǻݺ¸ݣݳͷսǧľ룬սʱڵ
ǣʱӡǴɾ׷ط
ǺѾԶҪǰǺӣֻͨǺǵʱӡǴУҪȻٵ÷ʱ䡣
ӣսҪϲһʣȻ׼ǺˣʱӡǴǼһǿ϶ܶõģ彮УһǽʲôҪ˵
սûȥ
彮ӵҲǲܵ飬ֻҪʱԼϢټκ˷֡
߳ʱӡǴЦ˵
ôǱ뵽彮ȥ棿
ݺһЦʵ
ǵûУֻҷ־彮иɻǻᱻһЩǱô彮Ҳһģ֣˵Ժء
۾˵
¸ǲ֪˵ʲô˼ݺȻ֪ϾǽҪǺȥչ˵Ҫܶ򽻵Ϥһûκλ
ǲ֪ҪѰҵսʲôġ
ݺΪ棺ݵʱȫݲڶԷģ֮ĶһжģģҲֻλϢܹݵó
ȥҵ˾֪ˣھˣҪݶԷλøװɣλŬɣֱӳһٴ
һЦۿɲԶ鵱ȻΪá
ݺ¸軥˵ͷȻ֮ʱӡǴԶŮʼĿλá
սô̵ʱڣ̫ܶܵԶҵ֮սݺ¸ŮӦþ㹻ˣֻҪһԴ;ˡ
սŹѫٷһҲνرսŹѫˣսŹѫҲ򲻵ʲôõĶ
Ůۣ֮սλϢԽԽ
ߣڲԶ
ݺܿɫһݣͷǰ𣬳ųһƬɽȥ


1366 ө
Ⱥɽïܲ
һ·ɵƬȺɽֵУȻԼȫӳ˾֮⡣
ݺҲѾƿ˵صľ磬ܴ󣬱ʶ֪ǰǿ˲٣ټϾ֮ʮһܹ֪ΧԲ֮ڵϸ
֪룬ѾԸԶżеʱĸ֪ˣҪ֪ʱԶżУǽϵ̫֮籩赲ĸ֪
£Ժݺڵ״̬ȥҲֻܸ֪ԲʮԺݺ֮䣬ǴŲٲġ
˿ƬȺɽֵУݺܹϸ֪ΧԲ֮ڵѾˡ
ȻƬȺɽֻ൱ģҪұ黹ǱȽѣݺʶ֪ʱ¸ʩչ֮ͷս
սͶƬȺɽֵУӦڽɱһЩȺɽֵߣϻȡ㹻Դ·
һ¾ܹ²⵽ˣֻϧ֮ǰݵʱѾݾߣ֪Էǲʲô塣
ôҵԷλòǵǰҪ顣
¸֮£Էλòϱ仯ţҲ֮жԿȴ޷¸ݳԷλϢ
Ͼ¸ѧԺʵǳѰδ׵ģԷͷսҲδףпȻĶδ׵ĲΡ
Сһ㣬ݵʱݵ˲սͬϢֱɢƬ֮У໥֮Զ
¸ܿɫһ䣬˵
˵Ҳպø֪ˣߣȽ΢ϢȻ΢սϢͬȹȥɣ
ݺҲǱɫ
ǽյǶԸһͷսڣȴ˸ͬϢԲġ
ŮѸٳźݺϢĵطɹȥܿ㽵䵽һƬֵС
˷֣⽵ĵطһƬһĵطʪأó֮УһŻɵө͸ˮ˵С
ө⣬Сĵ㡣
ݺһө⣬ʱͽ
¸ͬˣôľ룬ҲĸܵөɢϢ֮ӡϸŵͷϢȫһϢֻǱȽ΢һЩˡ
ôȽɵ˵
ݺ˵⻰ѪֱӾչ˿ȻөⲢûиʲôΣյĸоǱϾϢĶݲһЩ
Ѫ̫ƷѾѵ˵ھŲľ磬˫һչѪɫ֮ȫγһ̵ķϡ
ȻںݺŶδ׵ľ磬һϣĶδ׶޷Ƶġ
δǰҪһЩʱܹơ
ķػ£ݺƮţеө⣬Ȼһ̧֣һѪɫƿնө⼲ȥ
ۣۣۣ
Ѫɫⲻϴ֮УֱӾ䴩͸ө⣬Ȼݺ㷢ִөбɢһ̯ɫҺ壬ΧӵУȻŻɫөͿʼ΢
úݺЩ⡣
ԭΪпһЩΣأڿƺʲôΣնûа
ө⣬òսµĺɣ
¸裬ü΢ţ۲һЩĽĻɫҺ壬²˵ϾѧԺһˣӦǼʶ壬һЩ巽˽⣬ͺݺҪϲ١
²⣬úݺоһģʱͳһģɻص¸ߡ
ҪսµĺĻƬож٣
ݺɫúѿѵҪһɣ
ҵǾãЩөʱȥᣬӦȥҵͷսԴͷϽ𣬷өԽԽࡣ
顣
ݳλãﻹȷɹȥɣҵͷս˵
¸Ҳ˵ͷ
өⱬɢĻɫҺ壬ȫоܶģȥϸ۲ˡ
֮ǰɨһөⱬɢ֮龰ЩɫҺ壬뵽ӵУƺȻЩϢ
С飬ᡣ
ûκԥֱʩչǿֶΣƬӡ
ֲˮϵ̫֮˲䱬Ȼ𣬽ڵĵطޣͬөĻɫҺ壬ȫ
һԷģתŮȥ
ŮҲͬϾնҪ彮УǷǳΣյ
һɳǵв
ϵʶ֮ǰⶫһɳ˭Ҳ֪ٶж죬Ƭ֣ƺһƬȽϻĳ
ƬеûʲôˣһǵľţƬֽкܶӿ룬ʱʲôͺ˵ˡ
֮ܶȻ֮ӡ񣬾ҪѺжãȽսɵȻЩө𣬾Բ°֡
˼ǰУܿսϢԽԽ
ŵƬԽԽ¸ݵġݺ֪ģөԽԽ࣬岼ɢƬֵС
սƬԭģǼʱϵˣҪȻ
붼Щ쬵ģսȻ֪Ƭƽûʲôѡﴫ
磬ȻΣգƽʱᱻѰ֡
һ˵ĻѧԺһЩʿˣѰ֪йһЩ顣
ˣĳ尵нˣֻ֪ѧԺ˶ʲô塣
ܶ飬ֻеǸβܹӴĵһֱǽѧԺŵ֪Щ
˾սľԽԽΧөԽԽ࣬ʱڣսط̫顭
ǰˣ׼ս
ݺֱʶ֪˶ԷĴڣѪչ˲䳯ֵи£
¸Ҳûκԥȫɫ⻪ͬҹǳһˣһУֱֱֵ֪ͷս
ǸŮֱ԰Ӱ֮黯һ磬Ȼ䵽Уǰһȥ
ģһ̯ɫҺ۶ɵ壬̱ڵϣȫɢ˵Ϣͷս
û뵽սȻҺ۶ɣ嵱УɢϸСɫͬڵѪһ㣬ŵȴǻɫҺ壬̺ż
壬ǴûмݺȻҲǣ¸趼ûм
Сˣ
¸һ˫ּ۳ǳӰ˲䳯һɫˮ򼲴̶£


1367 巢
¸ǳ֮ǹԵ֮һǹƻǿһ֡
ʱǳ֮ǳӰɫĽ˲£һɫˮϡ
սʵﵽδ׵ĲΣƺڱȽ״̬ŮȥҲûʲô̫ҵķӦ
÷ǻɫˮģսŮʱֻǰһɫѪģĶУɫҺȻһɫ档
ɫʩչķֶΣ¸ʩչǳӰͨԵ˿ۡ
˲۵ķֶΣǳӰϵʱ򣬾Ȼȫֵ
Ͼδ׵ĲΣͷս磬¸Ҫ߳أ¸ѧԺѧԱҲܶԶԷѹ
ֲãҪδ׵ϲʣ¸ͺݺڣսԲοҲó
ţת۱ݺѪɫٿȻϣսķϡ
ǳӰѪɫ⣬սһɫķǼֲס֧顣
Ѫɱ
ݺ˶ԷķûκͣЪֱʩչһֶΣǽѪѵڰ˲ʽ
ѪɫĽ˲䱬ֲƻ˲սΧ
һʩչսƺɫˮѸٹռ˸˲սҪ
Ͼս״̬̫ã¸ͺݺŮսŮԿ
һԣôöԷܵĻ᣿
򣡡
ֽ̧ȡȻ˲䲼£һ˸Բʮľ˶
սϵĿռ˲ɢΪҪֱ˲Ƶȥڱ赲һʧȥ˺Ŀռϵ˲жϣ
֧֡Ԯ
ɲԸһԹ⿴ţ̧۳ĸ֣Ȼþֳսֱӷ˹ȥֱ̧ĵն
ͷͬʱʩչĵնʮ˲սͷʹ侫״̬Ӳá
˵̫ͣû취öԷþȴҲԶԷľ״̬˲СӰ졣
ۿΪݺ¸赱ȻᣬպöԷ˲Ʊжϣ˵״̬ڲɱʱ
Ѫɫĺǳģǰ߻һѸѪɫ⣬սɨȥѸ뵽һ籩Уγһǳ籩˲佫ս˽ȥ
ͬʱ֣ƾˣۿͷսԷȴƺûκλҵı֣üͷ΢塣
Ȼһ󾯾㾪С壡
ͷսɲʲôǵļһȻǰܵ˺ݺ֪֮ҪԸôʲô׼û
ܣ
֮ǰǻ²⣬ս᲻ǰ׼һЩʲôԸǣһֱûгֻ֣ΪԷΪʱûзˡ
ڣڣݺ¸ȫ˶
Էʱ򷢶壬Ϊʵʱ
Ҳͬʱ˲ڲռУȻ߶ľʾĸıϡ
ķǳǿģϾ޾Ʒս߶ѾϵϽ׶Σһ¾ķ˲䱬ƽ屶
ݺ¸裬ԵЩǱˡ
˷Ĺպսϣȥ鿴һս˸Ծ巨ͻȻ͹
ֵص£ɫҺһˮֱӳŮϮȥ;֮丯ʴɼƻֲ֮
ݺתΪѪ£ȫѪɫס֮һӱ
¸ȡһ޾ƷսһöǳԲ̣һȡһǹϣ¸˶С
ǴʴԵĻɫҺ壬ˮ˲ŮķϣűǸԵķϣڱЩˮ߽ɢ
ЩɫҺɵˮȻױȵĸʴŮķֶζЩ֧Ųס
ߣҲɫҺɵˮϮЩֲסܿͱʴ˴롣
ֻܲϴ߶Ҫ֪ʩչĴƵģʱڣֻܽʩչΣ
ս׼壬Ҫ׷һ򾡣Ų֣һΪ˽˵ľһҲǲȷǷֻ׷ɱҲ˶Աߡ
ȷֻ֮󣬱㺰˷˷壬ֱӶ֡
巨󷢶ʱսҲûţȻס޷ѣɫˮҡҡλεķɫɢѸ˺üɫˮݡ
ЩɫˮݳֵļΪѸ٣¸ͺݺûܷӦŮӦĻɫҺˮѾǳæˣʱͱЩɫˮݸס
սʩչ˿ֶΣԻɫˮݽݺ¸ŮŮû취ˮݡ
ţսƺߵܸȤ㳯߷˹
ŮڻɫˮУʱûʲôΣգˮжճĻɫҺ壬Ϊģ⻹סǵж
ɫˮݡ취ƿĻЩɫҺ彫ǵ峹ײס޷
¸ͺݺŮȻһ㣬ŮȥҪģҲֻоƸԵĻɫˮˡ
ǱߣݺǺܵģϾıֶοǱҪġ
ڲۿսľζѾЩɫˮʴˡ
᲻ʴ°֣˽ȥͿҪгˡ
Ӱ֮飬ޣ
սҪֵʱ׼ʱһȻֱӻޣ
ټһ˵ͲͬеҲһʧĹ쳡սȻһ㶡
ʶ֪֪Ĵڣֻϧ޵ֻεǿ߲пˣܷ
ɫˮڲвϱƬֶʴһƬǽ塣
ޣƾƿصط׼Ķ㿪ÿһɫˮȻԼٶȣ¸ͺݺŮڵλø
ţֱӴ޿ռгѸײڶ֮ƣֱӴ߶֮
֮˲ȥ¸ͺݺŮΧĻɫˮϣˮ̺Ŀռ˲㱻߽֮⡣


1368 ս
ľ֮ĿռĶ߽ˮϵ̫֮Ӳ߽֮⡣
Կռ侫˿ռ侫ľ֮֮ͨӵ߽ռĶ
ʱ˿̣֮ʩչ˲Ͱɫˮ̺Ŀռ߽ˣȻŮʩչֶΣѪɫĺǳĵֱӳɫˮݡ
ȵսڷͷҪֵʱ򣬺ݺ¸趼Ѿվԡ
֡
ݺ¸һʱٴγ֣Ѫɫĺǳģ˲䱬
ŮĹƣԷֵŮĹƱ֮ǰΪǿ
ݺѾѪѵھŲľ磬ʱ˿̣ѪѪɫ棬Я֮ƣƿնͷս
¸裬Ҳʩչ˸ǿֶΣֽ̧һ̫ƷȡȻһɫ֣֮ڰйճǳЩһ㣬Ƴգͷս
ŮʩչֶΣȷҪǿ󣬼δ׵սҲһֵܹ
սֵסȴǿܵġ
Ϊ˷ֹܣûκԥֱ̧ʩչԼ֮ͨ
ǰѧһֶΣصĵڰͨǾͨձľĽ۳Ķ
֮ͨԹЧ便Ϊʲô֣ȫûͷġ
ô˵Ҫסͷս֮ͨΨһİ취֮֡ȵֶΣóһöûС
Ͼλ׵Ϊ磬Էδ׵ǿߣ
Ǿ֮ҲΪһϢпܶԶԷһӰ졣
£ֻһӰ죬ҲѾ㹻
ҪսԺݺ¸ŮֻǣãʵڵΪǣþѾǳˡ
֣֮һʾĺȻսȫճʾĽס
ǵãþ֮ȥԸһͷǵ۾εı壬ʱܹѹ̬ͷֱɵܹǿ֮
ϧڣսδ׵ľ磬ֻһ˵ĻǶԷ֡
ԣڶþ֮ճ֮ҲֻǶսһӰ죬ʹбɰˡ
Ҫսײסҽɣܡ
ܹԷеٶȣѾǳˣλߣͲһ㣬˵ɣֻһɣλ˵
Ҫ֪ǰͷսδ׵ǿڣֶθκӰ죬ҲǾ֮֮ͨϣһЩϢܹٶȵļ
Ȼ£ֻٶȵļս˵Ҳ˵ĸӰˡ
ΪһսҪ㿪ݺ¸ŮĺͲܣֻʣӲһ;
ѪɵѪɫ棬ǳ۳ǣһգ۵Ĺ˱ٶȵսϡ
ֲ˲䱬ɨըѣսĻɫˮʱǧٿס
ִټ۵Ļɫķϣֱӱ飬ŻɫҺֵнһأճȳΪġ
ںݺ¸ɹ˲ĲˣϽԷĻ˵ԷʲôУ˿ɾ̫ˡ
ɱ
ݺѪ˲仯Ѫɫ˲ȥսʹȫá
¸裬źݺԷ׿סʱе֮Ȼһ¹⻪ɫǹٲ
ʮѣ
ۿһУʱһݣ¸边ȻѾ̫Ʒָ֮ѵ˵ʮ㣡
ң⻹ֳֻģ˭Ҳ֪¸ֵ֮Ѿѵ˵ڼ㣬Ҳֻʮ㣬Ҳпʮһ㡣
ȻʮӦǻûﵽϾ֮лδʶһܹܵõġ
ʮѵ֣֮ǳ֮ǹٲ˱ݺѪɫסսϡ
ǹٲмǿľ֮رǶ԰ӰżǿЧͷսȫıǰӰԵġ
ǻɫǰӰԵһ֣кǿĸʴԣȴǹٲԣûκεֵ֮
УһƬɫǳ֮ⱬǳ֮ٲ£ֱս飬Ѹ
ۿŵֵסսȫͻȻĹ¡𣬽ɫֽϴչ˳
Щɫ֣׷׳Ϸǳ֮ٲӿȥȻǳ׻ʣ¡
Щɫ֣Ȼ֮ͨһߵ·ˣȻ֮ͨóʱ׼ƴˡ
š
ˣݺ¸赱ȻҲˣ¸һǳٲܹԷ𣬻ɱ
ԷȴƴҪʧһö֮ͨҲҪȥ˵֮ͨƻĻ䱾ʵӰ콫ǳȻԷȴҲûѡ
ɫ֣֮ͨı壬С˳ֵס˴ǳ֮ٲ
һ֮ͨ屻ϴݻţ䱾ȴҲǼѵıס
Ǳסûʲôãս취Ļ϶ջǵȻƴһΣ;ԻƴڶΡ
û¸ͺݺӦս֮УһӿֳһɫЩɫһö֮ͨı壡
ɫ߶ֱӾͳ˺ɨֲɭȻϢܵһ̶ȵ壡
Ȼֱ֮ͨıսһǷƴˣСģֱӽ֮ͨƻͻشˣ
ݺ¸趼ǳ侲֪ԷȻƴˣǾûҪͶԷӲӲȶ֫ͻðˡ
ڶս˵֮ͨ൱֫
һö֮ͨѾǳ֮ɵٲݻ٣ȻЩ࣬뱻״ݻҲѾԶˡ
ڣԷֱͨ˵ԸҪһЩ
ȻΣҲҪһЩϾͨȵʩչͨҪǿö࣬ʱ˿̣һɫƻﵽδ׵ĲΡ
һЩɫɨݺ¸趼ܰȻ˵ˡ
Կ񱩵սȫҴ⣬һʱ˿Ҵ߶Ӱ֮ͨΪ޶ԶԶġ
ֲεսĲ岻ˣǣƶźܴΣԣò£ȱ֤Լȫټж
ЩɫȽ¸ͺݺȥԸͿˡ


1369 ǽһƬ
˵ԶԶģʱҲעųеһʲôԼܰæĵطܹ̾֡
¸ͺݺŮǴͷսԿɫϴսСгƶŮϮ
ŮʩչֶΣѪɫĻ棬ǳɷ籩ϽЩɫ飡
֮ͨıǼΪӴģ߻ɫ֪ж٣һǳٲ֮ԿɫҲǲϵں
ʱڣӦԽԷ֮ͨ׺飬ˣ˫ֻǶԿ˼ʱ䣬Ѿݻ˶Է֮ͨһ֣ʹԷܵ˺
սս˲٣Ͼ֮ͨսΪȺݺ¸趼Ҫ߳٣ʱ˿̣Ůоһ
ϱԷĻɫ¸ͺݺŮضڽڽںˣԷʩչ֮ͨı壬ŮȻԷȥ衭
ݺ֮ǰ֮ͨһöܵˣûȫָãûбҪ£ǾԲ֮ͨıսˡ
ʱ˿̣սȫڷҵ״̬Χǻɫ־ǻɫö֮ͨı屻ͬʱ˦˵ˣŮȫˡ
̫ʱˣݺֱˣڻһҡ
¸ɫһɱʼƺھʹǿɱϾȥĻ̫ÿЩ仯
ֱ仯֮ǰս׽ҪȻĻ»鷳
ݺԱ˵ͷѪչѪɫ˲һƬѪɫȻǰ˸ռ䣬սǽȥ
ƬѪɢѪɫУսľ񶼿ʼЩɢһ־񹥻ֶΣЧǿֻһ㾫ŵЧ
ʽһŵǣΪԼǿĴڣ⾫ŵЧ˿
Դʱ˿̣սľ㱻ŵȫ緽ôУҲΪ¸ıṩ˼ѵĻᡣ
¸ȫǳ֮ת֮˲䱬貵ǳ֮⣬Ȼһǳƿնɱ
սûôӦһ͵ǳ˲ƿնɫˮϣ;лɫն顣
ǳƿն
¸轫֮־ѵʮһľѼһֱǾ춯صܣ磬սֵסƬ̵ʱ䡣
һ˲䣬Щĳ̲סҪһ̫ƷľѣȴҲ֪ҪУҪĿɲֻͷҪʱ䣬Դϣпܴɡ
Ҫоѵʮһ㣬¸Ҳһʱ䣬鵹ǿ첻
бʶֻҪѵ߲ڰ˲㣬ܿ¸轫֮־ѵʮһĳ̶ȡ
ԼͦĵģϾ̫¯˭лǸʵԼսȥġ
˿˵Уս彮ڣһǿ̫Ʒλ۷Ĵڡ
ǳƿննɱս֮ϣֲǳ֮˲佫䱾˵˺ѿǳֱӽ״͸ɫճҺʱܣ
һ̯̯ʴҺ壬Χݾ׷׸ʴǽһƬĳʱ¸ȴδ˿ɡ
ΪսȻޱȵǿնƬûж
ʵ̫죬Ҳ֪䴢ĺںδ
¸üͷ΢壬˵
Ұɡ
ʱ¸ķգԼȴа취ֱӳ֣޾ƷսϿʥȪ
ϿʥȪǳɫϿУ˲ǸոشսڣȻȻȻѰҵ۵ĵط
ϿվɱֶõĵطԶѰҵзڵ㣬ӶԴ
ۿǳɫϿгֵλã¸ץסᣬ裬ɫĹ
һƷ󣡡
ۿ̾ϳ˶ԷֶΡ
УһƷʼҪ̤ıûһƷĻûκο̤񾳽硣
֮ǰսܲѾõ˲һƷȥѡһһ¾Ϳˡ
⣬һƷʩչҲǼΪˡ
ͬڵ¸裬ɫĹȻȲϷŵľѼǳƿնҪ˵սɱ㹻ˡ
ֶΣͺݺ¸ǿ֮
Ǻݺ¸սԲǶ֣ԷϾѧԺһˣܶԴ
¸裬ݺ͸ãѧԺûа¸ȥս뵽ѧԺʱҲôǿģһʱ䣬öԷɼѧԺߵж
һƷɫĹӿսģԷı˲䱬ը
ͬĵսһдݻ٣ʹΪһһ³Ͳö˵ˡ
¸赱ȻܷŹһô˵ս˵Ե͵ìܣɱ壬쾭顣
ԷıݻٹսԱˡ
¸ͺݺŮֳѪɫĺǳıֱӽͷսûҷ
棬һƬǽ壬ΧԭһƬ֣ʱ˿ȴѾΪƽأвӳڵϣʾոմսļҡ
ײεս׾ٱѰܴƻҲڻĽҰ뼤սȴҲѾƻ˷ԲʮĵطһƬսǽ壬Ŀġ
⻹ǱȽ΢ˣǹҪƻĻײεǿɱܽһƬȫٵ
ڻֲϢأЩө⣬ȫɾУǷͷжɣҪ˭ΣԮС
¸˵ţȻͺݺ˵ͷ
˵ȻҲ֪ЩǱ봦ĺӦȻԷֳǰөֱӴݻٵ
ЩͷսĺɾĻ»ɺܴ鷳ֻҪϸһ㣬ǿԱġ
ֿ֮ǰ㽫֮ӳϣǿ˸ʮʶ֪£˸ܴκһө⡣
жһө⣬ֱӱʾģԾϢȻƻȽǿֶΣıȽ٣Բʩչصľ

һһө⣬˲ɨɾʲôû¡
ʱڻɱսĵط»ϣˡ


1370 ˫
εѧԺ̫ѵģֻǶԽ֮˵֮ҪȽϸߣкݺĻ̫Զľ룬ҵλϵս
յսҲѣһЩѰ߶δͳ˧Ҳܹɽսɵġ
ÿ˵õһսŹѫ⹦ѫףЩпˡ
֮ǰڱսϣǸ飬ǧ࣬òײŵõһսŹѫġ
ڵѧԺһѫ˼򵥡
Ȼ˵Ҳ򵥣ѧԺõսŹѫٶȣǱսвսĶҪöࡣ
ѧԺ۷սĴڣĸҲȫҪȻĻƾʲôóս
ڣֻҪȥһ֮ӡܹõսŹѫ֮ҪôԼ
¸軹ôƽ֣Ͼʵ̫дǴ͵Ļ϶Ը⽫սŹѫֳһ
˸ոһսãĲ˵ոսҪܵʱ򣬾һʱ߶סҪȻĻܻøӸһЩ
ζԸսĹУ¸ȻݺҲȱһɣǲ¸࣬¸Ҳø˶ƽôˡ
һս¸迴ľǱںݺѧԺһ֮Ҳ϶ġ
ȻԷպսѣôЩսŹѫûҪֵôˣֱƽ־õġ
ȴ̻صѧԺȥΪò彮ıԵǺӵڣЩ㶨ʵǲġ
һǹĸ죬϶Ҫ뷽跨Էһеġ
ڶ¾ҪС׵뵽Ǻӣǿһǿʦһֱϵġ
ڵλãϣǸС׸ǵöϵһַܽ
Ժݺ˵
֮ǰС׸λʦõʱ򣬸һöڼλʦǰļסص㡣
Сײ֪ʦǰںδ⼸ص㸽
һص㣬ڵǵĸﵤǣ
Ǻͷﵤǣ˵һԵģ໥תΪ˫ǡǺбȽټ˫ϵͳ֮һ
˫ǵص㣬໷תܹһЩһƬ
Ѱûа취̤УΪг߶δ׵ǿ̤УʱСУһСľͻᱻûɡ
СƼλʦǰһסصƬУǺͷﵤ˫ϵͳƵ룡
˫ǣڻ໷תͬʱԶһ֮Դƣһ֮Դ˫Ǵ
˫мһ˵ͨ˵Ⲣ⣬ϾУ̫еܹУ˫֮͸˵ˡ
ǵõʱС˵ʦǰǸͷӣƢЩŹ֣ǶһǰݷãһҪС׵ľټС
ЩΪˡ
ҪصѧԺĻֻͨö֮ӡ֮ӡȴֻһöҲ˵ҪôһȥҪô͵硣
Ϊֹ֪ѧԺıʲôط¸ѾѧԺһĶ֪
֮ӡ⣬ûκΰ취ܹصѧԺɴ˿֪ѧԺλã²彮彮֮С
пܣǴǺĵطҲ˵һ
Ҫݺ¸裬ȻȥѧԺˣٽһ񡣵һһȥΣ
һ룬Ů˵
һȥʦǰֻܶǰģһ棬ȥҸʱҲҪǣ˽źãϾԼ˽¡
ݺãҪǰ¸ǣͺܲˡ
һ룬Ľ飬ŮȻȥѧԺȵǽһ֮󣬱ܹһȥ
ʱ䣬˳Ļ鵽ʱܹˣȻɹʧҲ˵һ
ʱ򲻹˫˭Լ飬ԵȶԷһ£һͻ㲻
ҪھŮʼȴԼĻ̫˷ѶԷʱˣȶԷ˵ڶ֮˫ʱӦǿͬġ
Ľ飬ݺ΢ЩģҲûж˵ʲôõˡ
ȥһȥͿˣôճȥɸõսŹѫһԴ
ƿͨȸ㡣
Снͨƽ˶Էһƿ˺ݺƿʱ˵Ӧ㹻ˣϾÿһƿͨƵЧʱ仹ͦġ
õĻʱ˵ͨİսŹѫһƿʱ㹻ٻһЩ
ûԹͨʲôЧأ㶨ĻǿһƿȥԿЧΣԼٶ١
ǸܵС˽ϵ֮ԴԽϵ̫֮ʼ˳ϣԴԴԶ
ٶȥٹҵʱ䣬ܹһɵĽϵ̫֮
ֻҪһɣЧѾܲˣʾЩٶȵʩչĵĸֶһɡ
ϵ̫֮ϾǾĵĻʲôģɽϵ̫֮ϵ̫֮ǱȽҪ顣
˵ͨƵҪʾġ
ɣҪ֪ʾľÿһɣԼһʵмЧ
ǣҺͺݺȻȥˣһȡҲӵ⸽֮ٶȸϡ
¸Ц˵
ţ鷳ˡ
˵ͷ¸˸ĺøУӴ˴µȷûΪΪͺݺ߾Ϳˡ
ʵϣԼ˽飬ҪǻˣǱȽϷеģ¸ȴûзУǶΪʾ⡣
ȻȥˣĽһսŹѫȸݺˣ㲻ĻսŹѫû취Ÿġ
¸˵
û⣬ݺҲһġ
Цŵͷ
ԼСġ
ݺ˵ţ͸ŹУԴߵһһûиֿ̫ʱ
һΣ˫ֿʱܻеá
Ͼ飬һôܹ㶨ݺǱߣһҲһô˳


1371 
ݺ¸Ůűȴ߶֮ӡصѧԺȥˡ
ȥ飬һȥ
ϸ룬ƺݺһ֮˵ȷǱȽٷֿˣͻȻֻʣһˣЩĲϰߡ
ûж룬ǽ˼תƵ˼еȥ
СƼʦǰ˳ơˡƮСṩ⼸סĻûܹȥҵڡ
ڳС׵Ƽ򣬶ǡ˫Ǹǿȥҿ˵Է˫ǵ˫С
˵ϢСײδṩֻ̫࣬˵һƢŹ֡
С׶ԴҲ͹ˣ϶ܰ˵̫ණΪǻȥ˵ʱһЩ׼
˹ŹֵƢһڶ׼϶͵ûˡ
ԣС׸ɴʲôҲ˵һ֮ɷӣɹĿԻҪһ㡣
Ů뿪֮еڲռУȻС뿪ǵĵ棬ɵ˸߿ա
ͷһǣ𷽲Ǵս㱻өҲɨɾˡ
ˣѧԺҲͦ򵥵ģȻбȽϼ򵥵һ֡ϣ¸ͺݺǽȥʲô⡣
ţѾѸٷǣзȥ
˫ǣ໥ľһֱǧ˫۳֮䣬ƬԲҡ
ƽʱ򣬸κƬУΪһСĵĻ߶δ׶пɥС
ûʲôµģմԽ˺ü֮СһƬ˫ǰ
ƬΪ˫ǵĲ໥תͬһУƬյУǿȱʱԵ̫з籩Ҳ಻Զ
˵͹ʲôˡ
Ҳ֪ڲڡ
ţֱн뵽Ƭ籩УܿȫܵƬӰ죬˿
ȻǱ̫¯̫ƷУĶ֮һˡ
籩УǰٶȾͷϾѾ˵˵ĵ̣˭Ҳ֪ǷʲôƷ֮ġ
Ҫ֪С˵˳Ƕʦ֮⣬ڲ÷Ҳӵмߵġ
Ƭ籩˵ס֮һŲطûʲô
Ƭ籩ֹˣط÷Ļ϶һЩȽķ
ҪͨЩⷨҪĿ϶Ǿս˵ʲô߶δײͨ򣬿϶ǣĻҲѡƬ籩оסˡ
ԣͨ²⣬֪еķ϶һЩⷨôⷨͲ֪ˣҪʶһµġ
ˣڷ裬֮ҲһָģȻƲϵһҲڶС
˵ʱС˵ĻʱΧһʲôд̾ͿӦ
Уɫ籩дУƽأûܵκ谭ƾеЩ籩ɲʲôӰ졣
Ų룬Ѿ𽥸ܵΧϢȻ籩ǿȲûκα仯ΧѹȸȴԽԽǿ
𽥵ģоԼΧȻƮһеڲռ˳ȻһĿռ䵱С
һĺȻ֣֪̽϶Ǵ˲µһ
̺žľϵ̫֮ⷽ棬֮ǰӴÿǲడãľϵ̫֮ҲرǿҲӦûȫ򡣡
ţȻ˾൱ڱУҪҵ۽ݻ٣п뿪
ܣǰããһƬľϵ̫֮֡
Ȼ䣬оƬƺжƶʱ͸Ӿֱλãƺи֮

һűһϤӰֱп֣Ӱʱ̲סһ㶡
ӰȻǺݺ
һ£ԼӰȻϤòˣʱݺ΢죬ƺЩȶ
üͷ΢΢һ塣
ⲻĺݺϾݺ¸Ѿ뿪֮ͨӡصѧԺȥ
ԷǽһҲǡþ⸽ܵƬ籩Ӱ
һͿƶϳǰݺӰȫǸ
ȻǼ͵жϳȥδУֱӽ˵
󣬷Ϊܶ಻ͬ࣬ʽҲͥҲ֪Ӧδ
ţۿǺݺӰϿܹŵԷƮȻ㣬ϤζΪĶһ˿˿
ͷǾ⾫󣬿ɲǻӰ񰡣
ǺݺӰԽԽЦٻǣԽԽʵĴڣ֪ԼԲܼɶԷˡ
ҪȻĻӰ£п
ҪôݺĻȴЩΪˡ
Ϊ뵽С˵ƢŹ֣ȴδôӰľ˵ֻǵĽЩĻô򵥵ķ˾Բ᲼¡
ôҪӦݺĻ󣬾ͳһˡ
ʱȣԷϱƽ㳢ԺˣһԷӰǱƺҪǰʧӡ
УҲܺˣҪȻҲ̫ˡ
ܿͣס˽ŲǰӭǺݺĻ󣬶Է𽥱Ȼٴ˱Ƕεĺݺƺñ֮ǰʵˡ
ʲô
ݺ󽿳һ粨Ͷ䶯ҡ
һĸоʱͳģľһӾܵӰ죬Ժеķƺ˲ͱ
˵ľ󣬿ɲģƾӣַӾͱӰ죬С
ľϵ̫֮ȫóʱЧ˲佫˻þС
ݺĻѾߣ̧˫ˮۿžҪȫס
ҲʱȴͻȻһ飬˹Ϊһ
ݺľϣ񣬰ѩݺϤȻһѪɫ˫ӡǵġ
ѪӡǣҪһϵӡǣ
ҲССϸڣӾӰһ˳


1372 
ͨСϸڣһӴľϵ̫֮Ӱ˳
ۣǰݺӰѾʧˣΧľϵ̫֮ȴȻš
˵Ȼƽ˺ݺأȻ㱻ƽ⣬»
ոһ룬㷢ִһ򣬳һ˵ӰӰҲϤħͬ޵
һƮУ֣ԾһӰɢ˶С
ոյĺݺĸоڵĸоѹ𽥿˶·ѹһɽ֮¡
ָоǷǳãԵʣȴ֪ȫȫ뵽У޷԰Σ
亹ͷϲӰϿĺǰƣ·Ҫ˶˺ѡ
ָоޱȵʵζ԰ѡ
ûʲôɶ֣ǰǻ󣬵ȴ޷ѡ
ϵոƽ˺ݺһصĳǿԼо񣬲Ϲ۲еӰ
һۣ͸ΪԼԼǰӰİ𪲱ϣһѩɫ
̫Ʒûʲô⡣
ȴ뵽֮ǰѾ˵ģڳǰȴһ
ǰƣ˶һ飬ڴӻ˳
ĳĻὫԶУ޷԰ΣϾˣ۷󷨴ʦµķͷвԼǻҲ޷ġ
֮ȴǲƣµķģ߶Լ˵˽̶ȡ
˺ݺ֮ģʽҲһЩ˽⡣
ȥͼ򵥶ˣųֵϦ裬Ȼ֣ȻջīȻţȻ𡭡
һϤֵܣУȴһһʶƣҳе
˴߽֮⣬³ԼڲռУȫѾ亹
ոȻǾ󣬵еĳȻ̫ʵûܻһһĻΪƣ
лĻǵȡһľϵ̫֮ǿһԼľӦãԾ֮ЧҲɡ
Ѿ֪˵ˮƽжô߳ˡ
Ҫ֪˵ؾ֮طĴڣѰľ񹥻޷УӰ쵽ֺ
ոȴȫУ޷԰Σ֪ҪǾֵ֮һֵĻⷨǿӰһܹɹƽˡ
ô˵ǴǾˣһ飬ǰ
λã˫Ļ˲٣˫еľλλá
һ·ȥ»ҪüС
һ·ǰķ󣬿϶ԽԽǿо֮壬Ҳ֪ܲǿֵסҶֵסĻ˾͸ûʲôˡ
ԼǺĵģűмǰ
ȥȻǻ󣬲ûʲôҪԿĵطҲһʼͲ²⵽ģΧ˫Ѿ赲˴󲿷Ϊ˽룬ЩȫҪΪҪ
ڶͬһǿȺ͵һ࣬ǰ·ϵķٴһͷ˽ȥ
Ļ󣬺͵һеľȫ෴ˡ
һгֵӰȫѣڶеӰ֮·նɱЩ֣
ңһ־һѣǵһ˳֣ɱռ䣬١
͸յϵĴƹ֮ʥԺ֮ģȻٵ޿ѩʳʥǡ
һ·նɱĶ֣廹壬壬Ѿʤʱ˿̳ǰģЩԹ꣬ϳƽ
Ծǿľϵ̫֮鲻ԽıУо֮赲ҲֻһܵӰ죬ֻǼһɵ
ԩ˷·˵Χɱ֮˫Ŀ𽥱ͨ졣
Χԩ굱УһЩǿĴڣ类Ⱥ塢ȵȵؾǿߣлвٴ׾Ĵڣʱ˿̾ͳΪΧԩǿߡ
Щԩ꣬ѹΪ޴ģЩ֪ǻȴûа취Ƴ
ЩһеģٳһΣܽɱ
˫Ŀͨ죬ǿסҪֵĳ嶯֪ǰĶǻĳ֣ҪЩԹɵôԻ޷ء
˵Щ󣬾ǲҪ߶ֵģѾȷһˡ
סס
ƽΧɱӰԼȭͷʼûд߶ڵκһ˿
Χԩ겻ϿܵѹԽԽ󣬺ܿмͷԹԣֱӳɹؿڶɱߡ
ǲ֮ˣ»Ļ̲ס֣ϾΣվͶ֣κߵĵһӦ
ھ֮İ£΢һ¾޶ȱԼǡ
Щԩ궼ˣȭͷûһ˿һĶҡȻͷϲ飬վǿסԼ
ԩ겻ϳ糱ˮӿɽڿʼԩײϣɱ⣬˲Ժ
ԩɱӰ£һ̲סˣȻվǽҧӲ
ΪЩԩײϣȫûжʲô˺͸֤Ĳ²ȷġ
ҪƽȫҪֻ֣Ҫرľ㹻ˣ
Խ룬ԽƽȣΧԩ궼𽥵Ӷǳײ͸ԼȻʧ
ģΧԩɢȥΡȻɽƣЩԩȫˣҲ޷Ӱ쵽ֺ
ЩһͶǰɱģٴμͲʲô
Դˣƽһֱ̬ȣҪǾľϵ̫֮Ӱ죬һض˵ɣӰ첻ֺ
ԩɢҲ͸ơ
ûͣ˫ȥ


1373 Ӱ
ڽƽþ֮ǰС
ܿ죬˫дУǰʮָ֮оԼƺľϵ̫֮Χסˡ
һξľϵ̫֮ǾǿһлԴȪľϵ̫֮
ԣ²Լֽ뵽һµĻС
ϵһ㣬һµӰֵĳǰΣҲ𽥴еڲռ룬һƬãã֮ء
ǸµӰǰ΢΢üͷ
ΪʶǸµӰǵ˻ѣԿ϶ԼǰδǸһ
Ȼ˫뻹Զ̫Էģȴܹͨƿصطǿʶ֪ʶȥ֪ԷģϢ
ӣеϤǰҾûмѵĳѻߵ˵ѣ
üͷ΢壬˼һӣͻȻӦһ¡
ֲеϤǰӰӿȫͷǳƣ
ǰӰϢĳĵϢͬǽϵ̫֮ԸܵǰӰǿ
߶δ׵硭
һ̲סȥ²ԷݣѵǴδϵ죿
ȣǰӰӿ߳ƣ
Σ߶δ׵磬ҲǸڵʵǺϣϾսŵһͳ˧߶δǵͳ˧ӲҪ
ٴϢ׻֮ǰṩһЩϢĵӦǱȽǿģٻᳬԽһЩԡ
ԣǰӰпܾĸף졣
ô
ͻȻһ飬ʶԼǱһУ˵ǰӰĻҲֻǸˡ
ģӦһǲ죬Ӧβƿ
֮赲ûȫƣһ˿ѵġ
ƿûʲô²⣬ֻܵȴȴİӰԷҪЩʲô˵
ŰӰϿϸоӰϲɢһɱЩɱԽҲͱԽԽŨ
ɱĸ֪ڿȷԼǴɱ⣬ǰӰϣɢɱ⡣
ЩɱԵģȻҲֻһˣڳĳ֮⣬ûκڣ
ĶӣȻܴǾĽг̤ؾ
һЦͻǰӰˬЦУǴһɱ⣬Щɱ⣬ʶĿʼ
㲻ãȻˣһҡȻˣձȽնɱպƻ֮ƻ
ǰӰ˴Ц˵ţɱӿⷬԾӰԼ죬Ȼɱ
侲侲ֻǻӰȫֻǾ󣬲ҵ죡
ͷðһЩ亹Լֻǻ
ŰӰϿѹȸиǴ̩ͬɽѹһȻȫá
֮ףƣ
ӰǿϴƽɫĮȫûаǰԼĶӡ
ȴһ̧֣۳һ׹⣬֮ף׹Ȼƿջֱֱڴɱ
ô죿Ҫ㿪Ҫֵ𣿡
ͷ亹ֱһ˿ԥ
ģӰ죬ҲҪɱôڲܣɾǸ˶ԷѵĻᡣ
ҪֻҪȡԼСоȫ㹻ˣԷζܽġ
ԷǿԻþһ˫¶ᱻ
Ҳ˵ҪеֵôɾܵԼԲκΣա
һ⾫ҪﵽЧҲȫˣǾǻ
һ⾫ƲˣҪˣϼˣ¶Է˫룬ҪԷҲ˻ܵ顣
ʧܣ涼ҪԷǺӵȥ
ѡȫһ֮䣬ӵеģȴֻǶ̶һգ۵ʱ䣬һգ۵ʱ֮ڣѡ
ǰֻǻ󣬻ΪأȱԼ
ҧأʱ˿̣Ѿ˻þУѾܲΧľϵ̫֮ĴڣȻȴ֪ľϵ̫֮δɢԽԽŨˡ
ֻϰľϵ̫֮Ϣڶʶĺ˰ˣҪӦһľϵ̫֮ӦȫΪѾһֵĸ֪
ĸ֪ԵЧƿغ;֮طã֣
ΣѵǺӵʦѡԣֻҪһϣԲܷοҾųɾſԿ϶Ӱȫֻǻ󣡡
ţվǾǲɽܶԷĹ
һֻ̣һգ۵ʱһ֮ĹȻĶǸ֮
ҪԼĸо֮һ㶼ûܣֱǵ֮ĹԼĵҪ
һ̣ûиоܵʲô˺ΧһӻȻԭǰİӰҲЦһЦ֮󣬴ǰ𽥱ģֱճɢ
һĻþŵ˿
ȻĶˣ
ȻҪĶԵĸʲСϾսŵһͳ˧ô˫ǵ˫
οãͱĸˣûлصʹ½϶Լԭʲôԭ֪Բͱ谭ʲô
Ӱǰʧ
ľϵ̫֮ҲѸɢΧ˫УҲԼȻеڲռ䵱С
ȻոһƬȫֻǻ󣬲ԺеĻеڲռ䶼ûгȥ
ǿľ󣬾ǼΪֶΣǸÿ˵ͬĻ塣
ʵʦ󷨴ʦǺӵĻ潫һǿǺķչŹؼԵá
һθпһСǰҲ֪ǰûʲôؿΣڱٶǰС


1374 һػ
ƳѾԵڷ裬ο˵ıְз󣬶
ڷһ棬˾ͼѾ۷ˣ˵һ֮Уܹվ۷εĴڡ
Ҳ͸ӼҪԼӪĴ㣬ڵǺ˵ʵûʲôչΪǿĵ̺Ϳԡ
һ̫أӾ֮⣬ǺӲûʲô̫ĸ˼ĻҲһˡ
Ҫ˵һҪԣ˾ǲһ̫صģ˱ļֵϣڣ˳Լս÷󣬻ܹͽͷմȥ
УһҪĶҪչȥĻǱزٵġ
ǰܿڸоΧ˫ʼƽ֮ǰôˡ
˫λãӦǲѾˡ
еڲռУϸ۲ΧԼѾһȽƽȵĵط
ָоڴļƽĺϣ˿
طӦѾо˰ɣ
ҲǺȷͨƿǿʶ֪һΧûзطκ飬Լκסĺۼ
ס϶ҪһݵصģʲôվҪһڴ磬С硭ֻǣط˫֮⣬ʲôûУסĶ
üͷ΢壬ﻹţѵѾ뿪ٰﵱһס
Ҳ˵һϾСҲ˵ܾûмˣ˭Ҳ֪ںδ
ôҪ⸽һģǰͻȻоƺһЩϢ
̻ͷȴһɫƾմ֣źüߵӰǻɫз˳
ţ
ʱ̾ͷ֣ǼߵӰȻһģһġ
һɫͷȫһƬͨ죬ͷͺӶǻɫģһ˫ͫ׵ж͸Ż⣡
˵ͷӰֱӾͳĸ󣬲һ̣ĸҲ࣬ĸ࡭
ǰ£ܹȻ˶ʮĸɫӰ
ˣ
һʱЩ⣬ɻû뵽˻ôͳԼǰһҹġ
˴㣬˫û˵ټȥһġ
ڿȻѾ֣ôͲô鷳ˣȰ㶨˵
ʱ˿̣ǶʮĸӰı飬ȴöԷƺôԼӡ
˸Ҵ
ʮĸӰͬʱƺƴ󣬽Χм䣬ѹ£Ҫ֪ʮĸӰÿһӵ߶δײεǿƣ
ǼᶨԷһʱ򶼱˵ͷһ£˼ֹͣ
Ծ֮ԵЧڣԼҲܵƵѹ塣
Ȼž֮ĵҲ޷赲Էѹڵ
ֱ𽥻عٴͷǶʮĸӰȻѾֳ˽Ȼͬı顣
еŭеڻЦеĮе顭ʮĸˣѾȫ˶ʮĸģ
ǰ
ǿԼڶʮĸ˲ͬ£оԼڵǲϱûң޷ס
˵ĻҪ˵ġ
һλѽҵƼ򡭡Ŀ
Լ⣬Ҳ˼ֱ˵С׵Ƽ㹻ˣԷ϶ܹ˼
Ϊĵ𣿡
ʮĸӰһͬ˵ţȻͬȴһѹ
ԷûнӹС׵˼ЩõԤУϼһòῴһ۾ϳȥɣ
ɲ̫ƱǿԷҪҲûκΰ취
شǶʮĸ˷ͬʱȻˣ㿴
£ֻԼǰʮ֮⣬ͻȻһŻɫĻ棬ǻ˫УȴǺ۵ģܹһ۾ü
ܽǻУʸΪ֮ӣһµʱ䡣
ʮĸ˷ͬʱ˵ţѹû˿ҪԶ
ǳơ
Էʮĸɶ߶δ׵ϢҪһλȥԿԷƣҪܳʮȥסһػ棬Ѷʵ̫ˡ
˵һµʱ䣬һʱͻƵ߶δףҪȻûʲôָ
ʵϣҪ˵ǻһ߶δ׵ĴڣҲõɣ
ؼǣҪΪ˵ĵӰ
һ㣬ô˵УѿڵǰˣֻмҪǰ飬ǰӦҲǺģҪΪǰĵӣ
⻰˵ͷɶˡ
Ѿ˵ˣС׵ȻûϣԷǶǣҲûʲô취ʦһ£ֻˡ
˵⻰֮󣬶ԷķӦȴЩ֡
һ˵ԷƢιŹ֣͵Ļ϶ӦҲã˵ȥҲã֮ܶǿ϶Ĭġ
£ʮĸ˷ȴȫȫĳĬ
ʮĸÿһάŲͬı飬ϲŭ̬죬ȻÿһǾΧԣûж˵ĻκηӦ
Ϊ֡
ոóʱʮĸ˵ķҲǿûһۣƺԾ
˵ƢŹ֣ҲӦùŹֵزɣ
ˣʮĸӰòȫֻǷɣ
ͻȻ뵽ܣһӻȻˣʮĸȫǷĻǾ˵϶
Ȼڣʮĸôģ
ȻǷˣ
˷Ȼ˶ʮĸ˷ֽΧֱӰԵȥп飬ȥõʮ￪һػ桭
ȻǷûꡭ
ҪˣΪڼˣ˭뵽һ²ֶԷЩȫֻǷ۵ķʵޱȵʧ
ô˵ȻôƿҲǰҪˡ
ȻǾʮĸ˵ķ㲢ҲҪǣֱȥһػбɡ
ţԷһʱ䣬һʱڣǿϸоһ󾿾ʲôġ


1375 
ʮĸ˷װΧ޾ѹ˷ӿá
Ȼʮĸ˷϶ǷĻ󣬲ɢǿƣڻӰ£ȴû취ԵЩѹ
Ҫʮ￪һػУüΪѣ
һµʱȥӦֻҪӦЩѹľ־õӦþܹЩͲʵѹԵ
һ˵ģǿԽߣ־ԽᶨսʱԽܵصӰ졣
񹥻󹥻ȵȣ
ʱоԼǸôһԼľˣҪȻʮĸ˷ķ󣬸Ͳƿȥ
Щ˵Ӱȫֻǻ󣬰ѹҲȫǼٵģֻҪһ㣬ܹ󡭡
ţҧأɴ۾Χһжɻ
ѹԴԴӿȶ۾ܵһѹ£Լѹ޷֡
ڣʱƣǱöЩѹϰԽϰߣԽǲܵӰ졣
ľܿͿʼˡ
ʱ䣬ûһĽȻЩϰЩѹȴȫӰ졣
ӵ쿪ʼͱԽԽתˡ
ܵѹԽԽΪʱ޿̴ǿѹ£ϰ̶߳ڴﵽһؼ㡣
̶ʱ䣬ľǿȱ㱻һ൱ߵĳ̶ȣ
ȥʱ䣬٣־ͲڽԼŰʾΧһжǻôԼĵѾһʵ
Ϊˣ۾ʱʼΧѹоͱԽԽ
ѪҺеڴӳױ״̬н˳ʼٴοʼѭ
һָڿԿʼʱţȫѹĵطԽԽࡣ
ʮ֮⣬һػȻȼţֻҪһػУܹͨ󣬻֮Ҳͨ˵ͽ顣
ȥˣȻ޷ŲԼλãȴܹ΢һָʲôġ
ʱ˫Ҳѹнѳ΢һػ淽Ųȥһ㡣
ȻٶȺôʼڶˡ
ͷȥҪŲһػ渽Ҫʱ䣬һʱڽһػС
ڣȫڲϴѹнų
Կ϶Χʮĸ˷ѹˣЩѹǼѣֻҪ־;ǿȻȻܹܵЩѹӰ졣
ο˾֮壬Ի֮Ȼĵֿ
ľܵбҪ֮һˣ֮ܽ򵽵ھ۷״ֻ̬ʲôǿЧ
֪ȥҪ֮壬Ҫܶഴ֮Уȱ֮
ȱ
֮ǰھܲһЩ֮ȻǺӣΪչԴԼҲһЩģ쾧Ĵ֮в٣ֻһֱûʱˡ
ѧԺΣԻǲСģһʼ֮ǰǵúúһС
졢졭
ʱ䲻ţҲϳһػǰʮĸ˵ѹбԽԽһػǰٶҲԽԽ졣
ڵ˵ʮʱȻûȫʮĸ˵ѹȴѾһػ治һľ룡
ȻҸһһػ棬ⷨȥĻҵľƺδȫɡ
ţھԼﵽ۷˵
£жʮĸ˵ķѹպļûһԺҪûôˡ
ǣδֱǰһػ棬ǴԭأԿǿѹ־;ԽԽǿ
һǾǵ˵ʮʱһػĻ֮ɫͻȻǳһЩ
۲켫ΪϸⲻǴȻǳĲ࣬ȴĵȷȷǳһЩҲ֪ô¡
ѵһػʱǳΪ˼¼ߵĳɼ𣿡
ţһػ棬ʮ֮ڻǻ֮ɫڼȥеĻͨ
ʮ֮ɫǳɼܾûôˡ
ֲҪʲôɼֻҪ󣬿ڲ˫֮оͿˣֲҪ˵ĵӡ
ԣɵļȥʱһ£ŲæԼľ־
ȥһֱ˶ʮʱ䡣
ʮͼܵΧʮĸ˷ѹӰˣУ˾Ѱһܵ˿谭
ⲢľǿѾ޷ĵزֻľǿӦѾȫȫ㹻ˡ
ڶʮȥյǰнһһѾǳεĻС
Ѱ棬˵첻вȫ˻Ҳ˲
ʱ˿̣ŽǻУ͸ܵһǿҴ̼ĽƸдһػԲѰ棬ǻϵ̫֮
ƾڵľ־ܻؼҪһֶջˣΣ
ħ֮طֻҪħ֮Ĳ㲻ܹ
ޱȣһֽһػȻֱ۲ϱٻ٣ȴҲڲϴ߶ħ֮ģֱ
ǻһˣ治֪Ҫβסһػ档
Ҳֻͬǿϵߣܹһػסõıٻٴɡ
Ȼû򵽻Եһػ棬ȴҲ޷ݻ١
ħ֮ĵǿ󣬿ɲ˵˵ģȻڶأܵٶѾ㹻ӦԵǰĳˡ
ֱ۲ϱٻ٣ٱܳһػҲЩϤĲô׾ͱջˡ
ۿʱ̫ܲϾסһػʱѾһˣԾԼֱϣԼֱ۱
һһػ޷ֱֱӷٻˣֻҪûкľķϣһػ޷˵
£һѽһػסűǶʮĸ˵ķڿʼɢͬһѹ˲һա


1376 ͨ
Ƕʮĸ˷ɢ֪ڱȥˡ
ͬʱһػ棬ҲʧܿͻΪޣһжֻǻѣ֮ǰһ֮ģûκζġ
Ψһʱ֮ڣľ־ͨĵȷȷõ˺ܴ˵ǲСģԺҪĹĵֿ֮ǰǿϺܶࡣ
ûж룬һνʶ֪ɢΧԼͨ˸ո֮һƬĿռ䡣
Ƭռ֮⣬˫תޱȻңƬռ䵱УȴһƬľ󣬻ҵ˫δƬռ䡣
ռ䲢ǺֻܹзԲʮӣ˵طԼľȫпܵġ
ȻûнҲûС֮ĴڣȻ˶ôľҲ˼ȫߵͰѼҴ
ϾΪһ۷ʦ˿϶ҪһԼרõģЩһֱһطĻͲôˡ
ܵľһһֱЯţСУȥҲ鷳
Ļ˫ʲôʱöʲôط
ӣû
ЩϧԿ϶ԼѾ˫˽֮⣬ȴ˵ӰӶû
Ȼʱһ˸ա
Ҳջ񣬱Ͼ֮ǰһʱ䣬Լ־ݺݵһ£ⲻԾ񹥻ĵֿܹԺһ;вܶ벻á
ջ񣬾㲻˷ʱ䣬Ҳûʲô̫ʧģȻ˲ǾȻͷȥ죬Ǳߵʲô˵
һµʱ䣬طղκϢҲ֪ݺ¸ǱߵΡ
ȻѧԺ¸ҲˣӦòȥһЩ̫ΣյӦǲеġ
ֻȴ޷֪ͨԷԼڵΣ˫ϢĸŻǺصģڵʵûа취ѶϢȥ
ȻֻҪ뿪˫ֱӸݺȡϵģڷֿ֮ǰ˫ȡһöʱӡǣ¼Էλá
ͨʱӡǣܹʵֻཻȻʱӡǺ󣬵ͺݺ˵ȴҲʲôԵõĶˡ
սŹѫһһöʱӡҲһսŹѫңͺݺ֮ǰһһöֹľʲôʱֿҲԷ
תƬռ뿪ȴͻȻܵһѶϢȻԼԺУ
ȴ£
򵥵İ˸֣ȴһЩõϢ𾪣Ϊ˸ƺֱӴԺ𣬶ǴʲôطģֱǷ˼
˸ֵ˼Ǻܼ򵥣ֻҪȴʱ䣬˱˫ʱȻԼԷ
Ͼ˸ʱܵ˷Ƕʮĸ˷Ϣ϶ɡ
ңԷǴӲ֪ԶľڳѶȻѾ֪ĴڣѵΪ˷ôྫ
⵹пܡ
˸ִԺУһӱþȥǾҪȴʱ䣬뿪ȥ죿
ϾȴĻƺе˷ʱ䣬ȥĻȴе㲻ء
ô˵˶˵ǺҪģϵԺǺķչǰ;
죬ô˵ֻ˽£˸й֮⣬ֻĸױйˡ
ڱСУ˵ʼոһģʱ죬ǿֱñ
ȴҵǿһ£˳㳢һͨƵЧȴû취Ϣݳȥݺ¸֪
ţҲʱеʶСʾǿԴ뿪ȥһЩϢġ
Ϊ⣬һ˼֪µȷС
ʱӡǣ뿪˫Ϣתݺ֮ͻص˫ԼһҪעⰲȫ
Сǳġ
СȻ֪뷨ʱӡջصڲб㻯һ⣬ڴ˫ΧѸٷȥ
ɹʱĥĥģ˽üٶȵȷ죬ȥʱжǰʱ뿪˫Ӱ췶ΧϢݺ¸֪ˡ
һʹ£
ʱܶ飬ӵͨƣ֮ԸٶȣΪá
⣬СҲѾ˲һħ֮ˡ
ң֮ǰһʱ۵ҲԸһˣ֮ǰ޷ĽףûпʼС
һʱ䣬Ǹṩ˶ʮʱȥҶԷҪһ޾似ˡ
ȻҪҵ£ұȰɣˣΪ˴ķҪΪʦɡ
ЦһЦδ룬ȻҪǾ͵ȣ˵Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
ܶûʲôʱȥһЩأʱҲǲ
һƿͨԣ֮Զٶȥʾľ
侲ƶ˽ȥƻ֮󣬱㽫׼ƿͨȡ˳
ѧԺһƿͨƣƿʱ˺ݺҪ˵ʵõһЩ
пգ׼һƿͨ˵
ⶫֵİսŹѫһƿҵҪЧжǿ
һţһߴһƿͨƣȻֱ̧ƿͨƣ콫ȥ
ͨһ¶ӣ͸оƺЩԺƺ֮ϵøһЩ
״̬£ԼҪ£̽ȡ˳Ȼ˾ڲռȥ׼ʾģ
ʾģֻھڲռУҪֻǰС
뵽ڲռһαճʾĸΧǽϵ̫֮ģĶҪǿöࡣ
ͨƵľƾʱûг֣ѾܵЧ״̬£ʾĵٶȣȻ֮ǰѰʱҪһ
ңͨƵľƾɢٶڱԽԽ죡
ҿʱʲô̶ȣ
Լٶȱͺģͨƣ͸ỳԼȻµĿУǾͺúõһ


1377 ٱٶ
ͨȥھڲռУʾĵٶԽԽ졣
һʼһٶȣڽϣı
ͬʱʶҲԽԽѣϡŹֵͷƽһЩˡ
ֻͨľˮܺͨȻͨ
ٶȵͬʱͨƾȻҲԽԽ𽥵ʶôѡ
û뵽ģողŴһ¾񣬽־һµĲΣȴҲ赲ͨϮ
˷ܵǣԽʶѣٶȾԽǼӿ죬ֱʮʮȻڲ
ףͨٶȣ
ţûκһ˿иǱˣȴҲǽΪԼĵһҪ
оԺҪʶȥƣȻȻܹʾľģô˵˶Χճʾء
ٶʮʱѾܲˣԼʲô֪ʶȻ˿ûͣЪ
ȥ飬ûа취ˣΪѾȫʧȥԼʶͨƵϮûа취롣
ȵѹٴ۾ʱѾһ֮ˡ
ͨƵЧһʱ䣬ѹ̾Ͳ鿴һԼԼȻѾʾĳɰ룡
ֱ֣ϲ
֮ǰǺе£ʾĴһɣڽһʱ䣬ʾĴɵĳɰ룡
ٶȣ˵ȥֱţ
Ч㣬ͨƵЧ£߿ԴﵽٱٶЧϧֻһʱ䣬ҪȻĻͨƣ˯ϼ죬Ѿʾĸˡ
̲ס˷ͨƵЧҲδ̫죬ֲۼİսŹѫһ˻治ȥġ
Ҫ֪ƽߣǻʱȥҲİսŹѫ
Ѱ˵İսŹѫ㹻ܶˣͨƼ˷ѡ
ҲֻģŻȥͨƼһ˵ѧԺͨƻֵͦģûôϲˡ
Ȼһ˵ҲûֶۣͨսܲٳͨƣΪɲһʦƳġ
ѧԺͨҲʮƿûУ¸˵ͨԴҲֻÿʼʱʮƿȻ˰껹ʮƿʱǲֵܳġ
Ҳ˵ͨضƵģÿƳʮƿ͵ѧԺۣһӾƿ
´λصѧԺĻѾʣˡ
Ҳżֻ֮еģ㹻սŹѫȵһԹˡ
ٱٶȣΪϲֱӽʣƿͨһˡ
ʾĵʵսҲõ˺ܴһɾǷһͨɲġ
ͨƣһʱ䣬ֵµʾɰ롣
ʾĵٶȵȻԽԽġ
ϲķ֣ͨƣʾٶȵͬʱСеĽϵ֮ԴȻҲϵ̫֮ٶȣ
ƿͨƣ൱µʱ䣬Խϵ̫֮Ҳڲ֪дﵽɶࡣ
ʼδģͨƵĸЧˣϲѣϵ̫֮Ҳʾĵٶศģ
״̬£˵ƿͨơ
Ȼƿͨƣʱȴ֮ǰƿҪһ㣬һʮʱֻʮʱ˹
һͨƣǺ͵ҩһŷЧ˥ֻûеҩôԣڶöͼ롣
ƿͨƣʱͶʱЧۿۡ
Ժͨƣħ֮һˣҪȻõĻЧѾûôˡ
š
ֻ飬΢˷һ㣬ϵ
ȻʱʱȻ൱µʱ䣬ʾģɣϵ̫֮Ҳɡ
ۺͨƻһӱı֮࣡
ŵ˵ʵѾǿһδײεĶһսԲ·硣
Ҫ˵ȥ²ʲôţϾλס
λ׵ĲΣսʤλףѾ൱ŵˣսʤλף֮ǰǰ㣬Ѿеš
ڣȴλ׵ΪӲһδ׵ǿڣ
ִһ񻰣ȻҲֻĲ²⣬ûо֤ʵȷȷʵʵܵԼ
ֻƿͨƣʾģɵĽϵֱ̫֮𾪡
Щ̫ܹϤصԼСУ˼ĹŲӰöԷԼд
ЧȻôãҲҲʲôԼĶдˣϤһԼͿˡ

˫룬յȴµϢ֮󣬹ȥʱ䡣
ʱڣƿͨƣԼϤһЩ
Щʱ̫̣˵ͻģһʼܺܺõգϾһһģ²֪ģԲŻ
ٶȺܿ죬ʱȫԼӵеٲʲô͵ˣöö
֮ŽעתƵ档
ͨˣ͸ˣʾĴﵽɵʱǲʲôͻˣͨƵĻҪһɵʾĶҪٰʱ䣬ûôʱȥ
ҿҲв٣Ҫôһħ֮ģ֮ԴЧѾۻ˲٣Ҫôմ֮һ磬һ¾֮壬
пţܿ;Ȱһ˵
̤λ׵ľѾͦһʱˣһֱûȥͻƣΪûбҪĶ֣̫ǿ̫һҲûʲôЧ
ȻڵÿգôһҲǲѡ񣬼ƿͨƵЧһӾʵ֮ǰǿʮﵽδ׵ˮ׼
һ仰ֻҪܹͻƵλףǸݺѾһս֮
ȻյȻǺݺĶ֣ϾݺǻʵĶδףҲͨĶδףսܹȼĶδ׵ġ


1378 꾵
ȻˣǾˡ
ȴ˵ĳ֣ûʲôҪæģݺǱҲȥˣҪʲô
ϣʮö쾧Ĵ֮ǶƷƷƷʣÿһöֵսŹѫ
ƿͨЩ֮ļֵȻҪһЩϾ֮ǰսôʬǣܹһǧö쾧֮
ԼΪȡеʮöݺҲȡʮöΪһȥ̽ԶżĳԱԴ֣С׺ѪҲ˵ʲô
ʮö쾧֮Ļ㹻һԾλˣĻһ̫󣬼Ҳܺܺõա
һһ磬ҪְʱܼҪȻͺպΪһЩ
ԣֻȡö֮쾧Ʒģ㹻Լˡ
˫Щʱ䣬עΪʵǵʱ̣ҲΪ֮ǰһʱڣһֱڻۣҹҲ̫Ҫս
˵ľѾ̫ԴһùĻֻһأʵȴܹ֮ǰʮֹ
ö쾧֮²ϻΪ֮յﵱУ뵽СС
λ׺λ׵𣬾С置ҪӷԲһŵԲ
֮ǰԶżУҪͻƵλףһЩ⣬Ǳһ½ȡ
ٴοʼС置ѾǷԲһʮö쾧֮еĴ֮ɱ̤뵽λס
ö쾧֮Ѱ˵ǿģΪֵʵ̫ˣֵܼ˾ŰսŹѫѰ߶δ׶æһܹ׬õ˵ˡ
ԣû˭ͬɡ
ȻɣȴҲҴ⣬ȴԴ֮СſӷԲһʮܿһʮȻһʮ
ʱ򣬵һö쾧֮Ĵ֮Ѿϣŵڶö֮߶£֮ʼӿС硣
С粻ϱţҲĻһָٶҲڻ
֮ԴСָٶʮѾ˺ܴħ֮Ķɸˡ
»һһģ磬ûȥ
ڶö쾧ƷĴ֮֮ңСĽŵ˷Բﵽٽֵʱоһӵõͻơ
λףλףڴȣ
һҪλ׵λףҲ꣬ʮʱܹɣԴԵʣΪƿĴڡ
ؼ쳣ɣһǲʲôƿĴڵģһͻƵؾûƿͿóˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ˰˳ɵľӡǣõһЩھ۵Ĵɣڸ߲ε磬ǰЩ򣬱Ȼƿˡ
̤뵽λ֮Ҫı仯ǣĻһ
ŵʾıͬǻĺôȫʵս֮似Ч
֮ǰʾıԾΪ似ͨˣڣȴȫۺս
˶ˬ̤λף۷һȻúԶһһӡȥļƻƽȵĽš
ö쾧֮û꣬Ȼ˾֮ɡ
ţûͣ
λλףʱ䡣
ȥ֮壬ǻʮʱ䣬ʣаö쾧Ʒ֮
Ȼ֮ͨƿظҪѶȸҪĴ֮ࡣ
ӵһֱ۷ھأĵĴ֮㹻ͻƵ׵ľˡ
ɲͻƵףϾûдõ£óȻͻƾԻڡ
෴Щ֮֮ĻȴǸĺô
ȣ֮ӵأڰأԾ͵ֶεֱֿı
ڼ˲µľ󣬶˵ѶȲıһı仯
£ҪûԻÿֶѹ϶û취óѵˣǶԷΪܹﵽδף
Ĳ²⡣
ǣԷرͨⷽߣôܶδ׻δҲܽס߽þ
һ˵ѰҪסǲܵˡ
ң⻹Ǿ֮ڰ֮ıЧҪȥٿأȻȻܹ
֮ﵽھ֮Ч͸ˡ
꾵ǵ֮ھֶ֮Σ;ƿ۷ھľ֮һЧΪ
꾵ʩչΨһЧǷЧһ˵õϣһõϵ£ͻ÷ǳ졣
Ǻܼ򵥣֮طЧյһпֶΡ񹥻ӰȵһĶ
꾵ǽʩϵЩоƻʩߣµǣȻܹʮ
죬֮ûʲô˵ġ
Ȼ꾵ʩչıȽϸߣҪʩչһеĻڽȥһʱڣ֮彫ʧȥЧ
ڹؼսУֻҪ꾵һԿԽ뵽ٲľء
һ£ܹסľδµпֶΡ񹥻ͻӰ졣
߶δ׵ǿߣҪʩչֶΣֱӴ߶꾵ԷʮԷܵǿȣԿ񾳽ǿˣ
Ȼһвʩչؼʱ̵һαҲԽ˳
˿ֲֶΣ̲סпǾصطҪ֪ħ֮ھ۷壬ᵮʲôЧ
ǰصͿԿóħ֮ĵѶȣȾ֮廹Ҫʮֹ
Ҳ˵µϰö쾧Ʒ֮ħ֮Ĵӵھء
Ѿռ˴սŵõĴ֮е֮һҡ
һ֮Ȼһǧö쾧֮쾧ƷľֻöȫƷƷƷġ
һö쾧ƷĴ֮̺Ĵ֮Ʒ֮
õĶƷ׵ĶƷ֮ԴǴսܲһУûж٣ҪЩɲһ˵ģǺġ
ǵԶżеƽ֣Ҳֻܵõʮö쾧Ʒ֮뽫ħ֮ھأûԶء


1379 ޽֮
Ѿ֮˵ھ۷֮һѹһ
ţʱûȥħ֮ģ׼Ȱһһ£ǾǹڹǱߵ顣
Ѿͦˣùȥһ޾似õֻ֣һֱûȥ
ĶԷϾڹ廹Сܹ棬ĺҪ󣬶Էܲܵġ
οһʱ֮УС۵Ĳṩ˹壬ùҲܹõһЩչ
ؾµĹ壬ܹЩ΢֮ǰֻܹά棬û
仯ʮԱϲģԽʱ򣬹޷ԽĻš
Ϊ⿪ʼǸ˴۲Żķչᣡ
һû޾似Ǹô죿׳԰׺ȥ
Ȼᣡ
㲻壬ҲὫǸϳȥҪôǶɿСиǡ
ԣ޷жԴ˻ǵġ
һʱûгǰⲢǣ޷֪ĳ
ԼС磬޷ͶԴ׼һӭ
޷Ϊ飬ȫɹ״幹ɣֻܹ޷ܵõΪ˫ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳڣ޷֮Ҳû취ʲô
Ȼ˼޷ȻǺģԼûа취ҲдԼĿġ
ûдй޷Ҳͷ˸Ľֱӽ֮ǰ׼õһöȡ˳ڴ˹
ֽӹһۣȷһֻܹ޾Ʒ似Ϊ޽֮աʲôЧ֪Ϊ޾Ʒ似սһεĴڣܹȽϸߵĲΣ϶ǿɡ
޾似廹嶼ǼΪԴ
ֻ޾Ʒ޾Ʒ似ǼΪĶսУֻͻ׵ǿ߲ʸõ
彮ڣܹ޾似ߣǧڷ֮һ
Ҫ֪ΪѪ幫ĺݺû޾似ڵľֻۣһ޾似
Ȼ޾似϶޾ƷƷƷˣ벻ǳƷǼƷȴѾǲɿ֤ˣϾͬʱ˶Ѿھ似ʲôҲûʲô
ʲô似ҪĻǾͨȻٶ඼ûãѧȽӣ˹ؼʱ̣ŵóҲôС
ϣ޽֮ղʧ
ţȻö뿪˹
ԼС˸Ƨĳ׼ȥʱ䣬Ҫоһ޾Ʒ似޽֮գоһħ֮ˡ
һʱѾΪ棬ħ֮ģӦܹصӣô͵õʱԲ֪ˡ
оһö޽֮յ򣬷һпֶΣƺܺõӡ
޽֮գܹӿռĽޣֱһյԼڸȡЧҪʲôģһбɽԷ
鿴һ޾Ʒ似Ľܣоһ׷ɱʽȻ似Բ˶ѡ
޽֮򵽴ɵľ磬һץ֮ĶʱڣԷܵӡ
ӡ״̬£۶ԷҪʩչʲôͨ似ʽٶȶᱻپųɾţҲ˵ݵļʱڣԷûʲôġ
ǣԷһ˱Ƚϸ߲εľ֮壬Чطͨ似ȵȡ
޽֮߾磬ǿЧ֮ܶһĺܵ͵ķǳõ似һ¾ûʲô
뵽㿪ʼ޽֮ʼ
ֵһǣ޽֮似ҪضĽʩչʲôʩչ޽֮գԸıЧ
磬밵Ӱϵ˵ʮ۷ΣǿĸʴЧôֻҪκΰӰʩչ޽֮գܹ޽֮һʩչʱиʴЧ
ơʴ
ָĵЧܹκζǺսļһһ⧲һһ£Իǳܣ˶һ·磬Ӷɵ
ڵЧ޷ֻһ˵
ʼ˽似Ȼʼ

ʱţкܿͻصߣδ⣬СԼˣ
ԼͶ뵽޽֮似С
֮ǰĲʽѾдﵽȽϸߵľˣΪıȽӣһڸ似㾫ͨ
пս壬һֻսвܹͻƣҪҲûʲô̫õĻᣬֻ˳Ȼġ
˿ս֮似޾似Ҳûʲô˼ȥ̫ʱˡ
ҲֻжϿվɱһУ䱾ԱȽ⣬żʩչһ£似Ѿٶá
ڲսУֻҪԼͨжк޾ƷսϾѾ㹻Ӧˡ
似û߲ε޾似£Ѿõ
ڼȻõһкõ޾Ʒ似޽֮գȻҪúһһеҪս鷳
ֻҪսʹһһУֻҪ㹻ȻȻ᲻սһҪöࡣ
ڣܹȡǰۻýеİ취ͨǧķʽﵽ似Ч
Ȼַ޾似Ч²ô죬վܹӿһʽٶȣս߲Ρ
ȥµʱ䣬ûʲô飬Ͷ޽֮ˣһʼԵĶ֣С
СԼսѹǺܴģϾ̫ƷѾȫˮϵ̫֮մ͸ֶҲǼΪµġ
ȫֻ̾þ֮ͨ޽֮似
У߽֮ͨͷųһˮϵ̫֮Ȼȫ߽⣬ȴҲܹ֮ĺܶԼܵΣա
޽֮ոոѧʱԸУûκЧҲ޷
޽֮СɵʱЧֳˣ


1380 ѹΪ
ﵽСɾ޽֮գֱʩչܽдԶʹ뵽һӡ״̬
״̬жЧ˵ԸˣȻֻжݵһʱ䣬εսУһӡѾ㹻ܶ飬Ե춨սеʤƣ
ʱڣһֱڸжսȻвߣֻ̫ƷЧôãվܹõһЩġ
ʱЩϧҪǰ׻СеĻֱܹӸдսϾ׾Ǵ׾Ĵڡ
ңպ׾δ׵ĲΣۺʵӦñǿȥдĻЧǳ
ѹн
жսһߣһ棬ͨģ
ҪȥĶܹǰ׼֮Ȼûʲô˼ͨǲܹεġ
ϵ˫ΣеʶС飬ע֮Ѿû취ٷ뿪ˡ
˫һ֮޽֮СɣȻԸСһһ׼ÿһʩչ޽֮գб㱻ץȡȻӡסû취ѳȥ
ңж֮ģҲᱻԾֱ߽֮зǳơ
˲ˣҪ似Ȼûк൱Ķ֣㲻ѹһԼΪȥС˶ϰ似ȣʲôһϵûа
С鱻۸޿̣һ뷨
뷨ǰһ
ֻϰ似ĻαһҪҵԼ൱Ķ֣ȻСûиԼĶ֣ǾѹԼΪԷڲĲΣԷսͺˣ
ô򵥵ĵ֮ǰȻû뵽ؼһֱڳŸ߲εûлͷǰ
ͷһǸ˸ѡ
һζǰȻҪ似ĻûбҪȥѰƾеĶ֣Ȼˣ˸õİ취޽֮ա
лС飬ȻҾͰԼΪѹؾĲΣȥҶֺˡ
һЦͷͻȻͨĸоǺþûˣ벻ǴԼս
ڣ˵кС飬ԲֻսôˣѾԼѣΪܵѣͬѵһ֡
ȥȥɣҸ档
СҲܸԼΪ취ֳ£ǲܸصСˡ
Ϊʱ䣬ܻܳС˫ΪһЩΣղС
ڣ˫Ȼƽȶ˵ʲôʱͻأ
ͷĽֻǾһܵʲô̼Ļɾͷǳˡ
ԣб磬ֻͨҪ淢ʲô飬̾Ϳ֪ڷǳ㡣
Ȼ֮ҲоƵģ˫̫ԶĻû취ĸܵԷ
֮ǰ뿪˫ȥ˫Ǹݺ¸贫ϢʱһǸʱ͸о̫еĴڡ
ԼСУоСʱҪ֪ʵ̫ˡ
СţԼǻصԼСУϣ
ûǴĻϣвʶףЩ˵ȷкܾûмˣһҲȤ
ţȻԱò֣Ļ˶֪綼ģ˭д裿
αװһ߸ݵ꣬¶䣬ûоκˣصС
磬Ǻݺ紴һ磬佮Խԭ磬ֻʮǧյ졣
ϣɴջʳѩ۹ʥЩھĽеֻ֯ԭʮЩ仯Щ仯ȻȻı仯Ǹûʲôϵ
Щڶȥ˼ϵ֯棬ûκӰ죬ϾѾһεĴˡ
ֻҪ֪ԼҪԼΪѹƵһ̶ȣȻȥһЩʵĶ֡
ϣǿľڵƵˣﵽǵ۾ĲΣˣܹﵽ۾εѾټʾе۾Ĵڡ
ţ˼ԼҪѹһΪϡ
ؾ£ͨؾߵͨûȫǿ϶ῼ̫˵ֵġ
ȻˣǾѹΪɡ
˺ܾǰԼμӵǿԣǿʾᣬıԻǱȽϼҵģҲܹﵽ似Ч
ۻý磬ȻȻڣǺݺģ޾Ʒ似˵ʲô
ҡһ䣬Ϊ㱻Լѹؾһӵǧ֮࣬÷ǳϰߡ
ʾٵ۾Ȼǵ۾ĲΣͻƳΪؾڼʮС磬ÿС綼Ļ
һԼѹԼڣʵΪϰߡ
һûͨˣԭԾһʯͻȻͱˣһСʯӶ޷ָоΪơ
Ϊˣһʼû뵽ְ취Ϊʵ̫˲ˬˣѹƵ£оԼǲзһ
ʵûôأֻ䣬ȷ˷ǳѹֵһָо
ңλֱѹƵڵΪڼʵ̫ˣһ˿»
֮ǰ׻ʡ
׻ʣһڱսϼѾǴײεǿߣţʱھĽе׻ʣΪҲԲֹʾҪȻô졣
˵׻ʵھĽʱ򣬶ȻҲѹԼΪģΪˣǿʾսУ˲׻ʵΪԷΪѹȴûбѹƣȻؾ׾ĲΡ
ˣѵְͨ취𣿡
һ뵽Щƣǿ˵йģ˵ʵڵģЩʱĳЩǵȷЧ
ʱԼ׻ʶսʱ򣬿϶Ҳ׻ǳģϾʱܱƵѹΪ׻ʰɲһġ
ǿѹ£ܹԼǱܡ
׻ʣ˵ǿʾһս֮Ҳõ˲ֻ֪ѡ
ϰһڵȻͿʼ˴ܰɣ޽֮գ޾Ʒ似óе۸ˡ
ţȴûаԥֱӳȥˡ


1381 СС
صϣѹԼΪڣȻڱѩʳ֮С
ϾڱѩʳǱȽϤģ;ȴ￪ʼǲģȻʱıѩʳƫԶʥǵϿգλá
ڱѩʳ˵ǸõķչҲʱ˿̵ıѩʳѾ׹ȵĴڡ
еѣ˶űʵѾ֮ǰʮ
ڵϣʥ֮⣬ѩʳѾΪһʥأ˶ֻϧҪ뱱ѩʳҲҪ͵
ߣٴﵽؾʸ뱱ѩʳϾѩʳλ⣬˶
Ҫ뱱ѩʳǺɵ飬֪͵͵ȥ
ҪĿɲĿı
뱱ѩʳʸ񿼺ˣһ˵㲻Ҫԣֻͨԣʸ뵽ѩʳС
μӱѩʳʸ񿼺˵˶֮꣬ĸ߸ںͷŶӣѩʳп˵Ҳ٣ûŶá
ʱ󣬾ֵ˹һĿռ֮С
ɽڣҪսʸ뱱ѩʳڵһսʼ
˸ޱ˵ţֱǰռ룬׼ս
⿼˸ԼֻڵΪóһǱѩʳıߣԲ˸ˡ
ûа취ֹģϾѩʳôһطѩʳʱ򣬵ȻЩʩչֶΣԼߵ˹øԻøԴ
˸˵ıӦǲٵģһҲ޹ء
ѩʳôչ׾ȴӦֻҪúýԼͿˡ
˵ͷߵУ׼һսкѹ
Χٿ˼¼ԱЩ֣Ǽ̫ǰ˵ˣЩڵŲǺȻģǰڵСӣȻ˵̬õ̶
˵СԼͨˣ뱱ѩʳ
˶ҡҡͷ˵ѩʳ˵ĻڣҪ˵ܲͨˣһˡ
򵥵˵ڵҪͨ˽뱱ѩʳѶȼߣ
ֻȴһһɫ۵꽣ߵԼǰһưһۡ
ӦǱѩʳ֮ˣڷǳᣬҲŶʮģܹﵽڵľ磬ȷǲˡ
ĸ꣬ʮˣμӱѩʳ˵˱ȽƣȻǰͷ͡
ְɣ㶨㻹һҵǻʮˣܻȥˡ
Ŀһۣư˵ĳûȡ
Χ˳ͶȥĽȻݲһ㣬Բʮ̤ؾڵıѩ۹˵൱ˡ
ȻȴȫûںԷģҲûںΧ˵뷨ֻǵЦһЦϣ㲻ʧ
˵⻰һ̧֣ĴָѸ͸Ѹڰһ֣֮׹ֱ۴д͸ֱץˣ
򵥵һͨûжκλڣΪԷʵ̫ˡ
ѹƾΪ£ͬļһĶ֣μӿˣΪĿɲһսǵս
ԣڵһսϻ̫ʱ䡣
֮ʩչ̱ٴУΪܵ׹ֱ̺ǿ
밵ӰѾϵ˵ʮʩչĵκֶΣһȻĸʴ֮
⣬ͨѾǵ۵ͨԶԶڵܹģ
ȻԼΪѹڣҲڵĶвõġ
֮һһӾͱȫһˡ
˵ɫһʼڵĿ˸ˣɫ䣬Ϊܵһ̺֮ȫ޷ֵģ
͸˵ڵˡ
һҧǾֵֵԣϾţôڿ˳ϲսӣ
Ҿ
һ̧֣ųһϹżսϹżսѹ׵ıڱѩʳϺܲսˡ
ľ֣֮һֱӾóԼɱﵣȴһ״ʯȻŴĵ˵ǰžֺ֮ɨ
ҾȻ֮໥ײһѾɵʾģֱӱʴҾ֮С
ֻ˲Ĺ򣬾ĵʴ֮ҾݻٵǧٿףҾּ֮ǰһѽץسԶӷ˳ȥ
һ
ˤڵأεȥûԷǶλ˸˵һ䡣
仯̫죬ֱڣǿ˸ˣΧһЩΧԱŷӦ˹ôһգ۵ĹΪıѩʳǿţȻһлܣ
Ҫ֪˾ԲˣڵĲΣѾԵ֡
ǰ߸ݵ꣬Ȼһ֮УңȻϹżսҾֱӴݻˣֱţ
Χ˵ⳡս̫ˣȥҪӦѾһܴ⡣
˵ҲֻһССְˡ
֪ԼһЩ䶯ȴҲû뵽ܵǸ˻е̨ģ飬²ô׽
ڶսıһڵӡ
ѩʳĿˣҪò뿼֮˽սҪʤҪø˿֮ڿ֮еı֡
Ͼʵп˵ˣǱѩʳбȽǿĴڣοڶսڣսڡ
Ѱ˵ûκοܽǻܡ
ԣܼܲ뱱ѩʳȫǿ˸˶Բμӿ֮˵ۣЩ𣬵ֻҪ˸˶ۺܸߣһܼ뱱ѩʳ
֮еսʤ˶ֻ֣Ҫ˸һԷûʸ뱱ѩʳ
Ϊˣ˸˵Ȩ֮úܶĽۺ죬ҲֻһЩйϵ˲ܵϡ
Сˡ
ڶӣڵΪصĿǽţȻ߳һأо֣֮Ѿĵǿ
һ£µʱҪֵסһҲǼΪѵġ
սӲķǿߣҲϣԼܴⳡսеõһЩջǾҲãҲãС
Ͼӣ񷽲ǰʢԸֹҪ˺ܶ࣬ʲô


1382 ƽ
ȻûʲôУҲ飬ϾĶֲˣڣڵ˵ǲ˵㡣
֣֮ͨ
һ̧֣ʾļۣһ׹ֱƿնֱҪץס
ʱͷһ⣬ΪԼѹΪԵʣԼڵ࣬ξֺ֮ȻеҪݽߵӡ
ô˵ǲҪʾģϾѹΪ޷ʾĵˡ
ţҲǴؾһ·ģȻ֪Ҫβܹ޶ȵĽʡ
֮ƿնЯױȵɭȻƣ̩ɽѹ£
ϵᶯֶͬΣ׼һҧž֮ɭȻѹͻȻͬ˻ƽһ㣬Ҳϱþ޴
Ƭ֮ӾȻһƽˣʮ֮࣬Ѱ˸߳ʮ౶վǰеͬһСʯӡ
ƽһŭȫҫӳȫ£ȻԿľ֮ɭȻƣ
ǶԿƾѣȵ֮ٵʱƽ˿Ҳǳܲסġ
Ļƽ˲ŭţһһִ֮ɭȻƲϺˣڽ
ΧΧ߷׷׺ã
ţֱ֮Ѿٵǻƽͷһѹֱӽƽ˵ļס
ʾĵ˲ʴ˻ƽڣֲĸʴ֮ǻƽ˵ļһӾʧȥ֪ұѸƻ
ǻƽɫһȴΪ侲ȡһѴ󽣣󽣷֮£Яƺ͹ն˳ס˼ľ֮ϣ
ǿֱ֮һѴն£ȴǲδֱն飬΢һ£ʴƽ˵ļ
򴦵Ľɫģϱʾʴܿƽ˵ͱưܲ·ǽݵһ̯Һһ㡣
õǣƽ˵𣬲ûӰ쵽ӱӵı壬δƽˡ
ƽֻԽɫ۶ɣӵı壬ƽ˵ؿദ
൱ڣɫ۳һƽˣȻԼദвٿء
ֶεս˵Ҳ棬ǰûм㹻ǿ֧ŵĻӦҲǱȽǿֶˣϾڱ֤Լͬʱ˼ǿĹ
ڣӵȴ̫ˣڵΪǰûκεֿء
Ϣ
תһ˾ϢȻûжʾģҲǼΪǿģƻȷŵľֻ֮ҪǿĶࡣ
һھϢɫ棬ӵûᣬҲûгҪֻԾۺǻƽ˵˫ȡ
һϢȻɭȻ֮˲ڻƽ˫ȴǿƥƻ˲佫ǻƽ˫ȸñ飡
˫ȱ飬ƽ˱ûս֮ŵϺȻ
˵ƽ˲ɣֻ˫Ӱ޴ƽ⣬˫ͻȻ飬ƽ˾û취ƽ⣬Ȼ
ӵΣȴȻӻƽ˵ؿһԾһѽס˷ǰѻƽɫĴ󽣣ֳִ󽣳Ȼն
ӣ˴ļĽ似ʱ˿ֳִ̣֮ӰӰг֣ȻϮһͬ籩һҵĽơ
ƾڵǿȣԷһƣвֺ
Լǿᣬһ̧֣ʩչ˸ոõ޾Ʒ似޽֮գ
ҲĿģҪ޽߲֮Ρ
ȴ֮˲һӡԣӡ㽫ס
ҹ
һȣһ̣Լ˲㱻޽֮ճĸǰͬʱԷʱӡסûа취ʩչκֶΡ
ڵǰͺһֻ׵ĸ򣬸û취κη
Щ޽֮ǿƵ似
ʱ˿̣ۿֱӱһֱ˹ȥ˲䱻һȴûκһ˸ܵʲôռĵ
սȭڣ
һֱ̧֣ӾȭͷǱ׿סһȭ¡
ѹԼΪҲԷһȭһȭȥܵػ˵ɳȥˤڵϣ³ȵһҲò˶ȥ
ڶսɻʤȻѾҪǿϲ٣һڵĶ֣Ӧܹóʵˡ
ϾҪʡÿζʾģҪ٣ԽսҲ˺ܶࡣ
ȫʩΪڵܹ˲ɱʾڵļһ
һȫĹˣûбҪѡʵĶ֣ϰһ޽֮վ㹻ˡ
˵ȥһʱ䣬ܰ޽֮ΣһҲʹﵽԼصĿġ
ǰٴܣΧΧȺһĿɿڴ
ǾĦѩ۹׼뿼ʸսûмʲôܹսʤ֣ҿɵġ
Ѱߣǵһսȡʤ϶Ǳѩ۹߸ܣȻɿ˸˽ΣľͿԽ뱱ѩ۹
ڣ߸ݵȴսʤ֣ɼ츳ԶԶһ˰
սΣ
Ķ֡
ܿ죬һ͵һԴ˳һϲæ˹ȥȻǸųˡ
ѩ۹Ŀ˹涨뿼ߵĵһս֣ΪͬߣڶսĶ־ͻһ磬սĶ־Ͳһˣɷӡ
ڣҪվԸģһʾڵˣʾڣѾ̤˻ʾ͸ȫһˣ
˾ĻСӿ϶ӮˣͿС˾ֵ¼ֶá
˵ͻʾľ޴࣬˾Ǳѩ۹ˮĳţԽܹʾڵĶ֣
ϷˣһսǱѩ۹ˣ̫ţȷҪס棬ĻǱѩ۹澡ʧ
˵۷׷ף۾һˡ
˾㣬ȻСӡ
ⲻˮˮλֶӣ
뵽ڱѩ۹Ļʶʢϣ˾ߵͨΪսƺ˲ˣǺԵġ
벻ҲѾ̤˻ʾڣΪ˱ѩ۹һš
뿪ѩ۹ҲкܳһʱˣϾ˭һܹʱ̤ؾġ
˾㣬ڻʾҲǲٶˣϾڱѩ۹ˮҲǱѩ۹ĺģԴҲرḻġ


1383 ս˾
ô˵һܴģһʾڵΪ˵Ƿǳʵġ
ֻе㳬ԤƣΪһĶأһ˾ʱǴóȫˡ
ʾĿʱãֶΣþ͵ˣȻ˾ĻܹӶսпһЩʲô
Ͼľڱѩ۹ǺܺϵģԷῴóʲôϵ϶֪
ûȥô࣬˾һ侲ߵУȫɢĵϢΧ¶轵
ӣ˾Ҳһء
ܹʾڵΪ޶ԣȻ򶨵׼սģ˾Կ϶ǰ֮ʵǿ
Ȼһ㣬ӷŵսоѾóˡ
ܻңһὫѩŮʡ
˾˵
ʼɡ
ȴҡҡͷȻһЦһֱ̧ǿսĳ֣սȭڣ
һȭڵһ㣬Ȼ˾㣬սĵƴ˾С
ͨ
˾ԥ޾ĺĴӳѸٹһѽ˶С
޾֮ǿսȭһӺϣȻûܹ
˫˺üأе󣬺ο˾㱾ܹԽսǿţȻֻһͨͨȴҲܹġ
սȭڣ
Ȼȴûżͻ΢̣ϵĿʼʩչսȭڣһȭһȭȥϵĿսƾȻۼ
ÿһսƵĵӣʩչսĵһȭʱıѱ㿪ʼѺۡ
ȭȥѱȻѣƿնȭͷ˾ڴȥ
ƿȻֻ˶̶ʱ䣬ʱڣ˾ȴҲѾ׼һС
⣬޾֮˷ĿռͻȻӿֳȻһشر˲佫ΧС
֮ᣡ
˾μˣΧĽУȥڰյͬʱ޾Ҫʴڡ
һ˾׼˺ܾõƷ󣬼뺮ѾﵽĸߵĲΣֲԸʾڵĶֻ֣ҪʱʩչһУԷϾѾˡ
ǶԸʾڣ˾Ҳƾһ춨ʤƣϾ֮ӰĶ֣ڵУʩչֶεٶȣ䷴Ӧ֮ܶиֶĵĸЧ
ϧǣڵĶ
Ȼ͵ֶΣǾͱҲˡ
۾Ȼһ̧֣ȫ֮۶˲γһ澻꾵˰
Χ֮Ӵ꾵ʱ˲תĿ꣬һӾͱʮ˻ȥ
˾㻹ûӦ˾͸оһֲĺ֮Ȼӿ
꾵ʮ߸ֶֿΣ£պúʣ
˾õֶΣ
ֻҪ֮סôҪʤ֮ģϧǣûôױס֮ʮ
õǣ˾㱾Ժ֮ʮ˽⣬ʮĺ֮ᣬҲС
ſ˾ͬһӿĺ֮ƿն
˫սһԷץסһᣬƾͻ᳹ת䡣
ڣ˾ú֮ԸĴ󣬱ʮ֮ȻȴѾ׵Ĵ˱ơ
ոմӺ֮ӳһ޽֮գ
Ծʩչ޽֮գս˾ǰȻݵķӡ
սȭڣ
ոջ˺üĿսƣЧĿսȭںȻһӽ˾ҷɣ
˾㷴ӦҲģʩչ޽֮յͬʱȸԼһ㺮ȫһȭûܵ˺
ϾڲڵΪѹסֻ֮ô㣬Ҫһȭ˾Ҳǲܵġ
Ĺƻûء
Ž˾һȭɳȥƲˣʩչ޽֮գһν˾˻Ȼһȭ
޽֮գοսȭڣڿսƵ£һȭһȭأ˾ȫ׷סȭʱҲڱǺף
ʽѭ˾ûʾڵǿߣȻһڵСϷˣӶûˡ
ر޽֮գʵ̫˶ˣץȥ˻ӡֻܶܲӲĳԽԽصĿսȭڣȭ˾㲻Ǻѣܵ˲˺
Ȼι˾޽֮Ҳ˵
Ĵνʱ˲Ժ֮ķӡȻ볯ʩչһͨâ
һƾϢĴ⹥ֶΣȵĺ֮һѱż̶
ȻӦôҲܶ㿪ˣֻӲ˶Էһ¡
âƿն˲֮УԼΪѹڵǿҲһ£վˣѪؿȴ˴š
ħ֮ġ
һڶȻǿѸٻָ
ŵıâԾ飬Ȼȫսһαʱ˿̣ѾʮĿսƣʩչսĵѾʮ
ˣôʱս似һֱͣ۷Σھһļսڵõ˹ؼԵͻơ
޾Ʒ似ս壬һ̤뵽ԲĲΣ
սУսԲ󣬾ȻһֶΡ
Щ⣬ڿɲʱ򣬼Ȼ˿սеֶΣǾԿһΰɡ
һȫս˲佫ȫת˲ʮɿ⣬ٶȿ硣
˾㻹ȫûӦ޽ֵ֮ˣһӰץߣȻһȭսȭڣ
սͻƵԲ磬սȭڵһһȭȥֱӽ˾˺õ˵ϣſڱһѪ
ۣȻһֱӱͨսһз߶㿪
ò˵սһлǺܺõģرǺ;֮һʱȾܹ֮Ŀƺ;ֶΣսʩչʱҲܳһЩ˲תƵλ
߽ϣûʲôֶ
ңսƵĵӣǿսеٶȣʮ౶Ŀսƣ˿սʮ౶ٶȡ
˾ʩչʲôֶΣٴһ£


1384 似
ս̶ȣѾûʲôҪȥˡ
Ѿվ˲ܵĻϣ˾Ȼͻܶ࣬ȴû취½ǣȻǲսʤˡ
սУܹͻжƣ˲ԼٶеĵطǼٽֶζֹ
ֶ£ĻԵõ˺ܴս似Ҳ޾Ʒ似
˾ڷˡ
䡣
˵֣Σ˾ȴҲ֪ԼֶξٴȥҲûκλʤĿܡ
ΪԼܹƾڸӣȵľܹʤ㡣
ܿȴ֣ڵҲĲ꣬ΪһõһЩᱬСеĺͼڣһӾܽȫָ
˾󣬳ȫһûع״̬
˶û뵽ⳡսսȻ˾䣬ʵţҪ֪˫࣬һһ°
ڣʾڣؾ磬ͲʮʮȻԽܡ
ԭڴ˾ȴǷ˹óбѩ۹˶Щˡ
֮սֹص˵ϣ˾㵭һЦȴ˾˫ĿʹԼϣƺʲôҪʡ
ʲôʵ𣿡
üͷ΢壬
Ȼͨ˿ˣɣȥѩ۹
˾ҡҡͷƺЩ˼ɣûڴ֮ͥ˵ʣǶ롣
˵ͷҪϢһ¼սˣڱѩ۹вŲŶԣȥһ˱ѩ۹ͦõġ
˱ЩŹɻĿУ뿪ڵأȻӴͷֱǰѩ۹ˡ
ֵǣ˾ȻˣȴûκŭͲ⵽ô£
ǰɽĸ꣬ʲôͷ
вȫûнӴǰȻڵҲϵó˾Ͳһˡ
һսľģһЩ˽ġ
Ըոսʱþķ޽֮գŴĸоɻǣĻôڻڣ
ʣ˾ǰѩ۹ֱ֮Ӷ˳
ĵӣķԸġ
ûб¶ԼݣЦһЦװԼĵˣָоеֵģȴǲκ֪飬֮ǰ͸¶κصĶ
ԭˣ
˾˵ʱͻȻһһɻҲͽˣȴû뵽Ȼ˵ӣôǿڱܻʾڣֱ
ҪĻ˵ֻҪɽ̤ڣܹȥμǿʾսˣ
⵹˵ķ緶
˾뵽꣬ڵΪμǿ޿ĵһȻøԼˣʵ׶ξǿˣûκܹȼ硣
ʾڣԻʾڵΪõǿʾԵĵһİԵ֮Ѫڡ
ʱ˾Ȼûв룬ÿÿ飬ȡ
ɽӦòɣ
˾һ䡣
ҲãҲãֻģʲôϵأ
һЦǽˣɽһֱõļҲȥһˣԼݵͽܾͺˡ
Ҵ˷ΪѰһЩ֣һԼѧ似֪˾ֵܷҽܼĶ֣
һ䡣
˾˵ͷЦŵֵȻеģˣҲǿˣҿߣȥҵһЩд裬ĦĦսԼҲвٰ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ͷͬˡ
ѩ۹ڣŻǲٵģ⻹Ǳѩʳʱڱѩʶвĸ֡
Щˣûȫ뿪ǰ磬Ȼֻ﷢չڴӦǻʾ͵۾ˡ
Щۡׯ԰ڵõ˸ԴչӦҲѸ٣ǿ߿϶١
˾㣬ǰ˱ѩ۹ڵĵ۶
ôʱķչѩ۹ĵ۶Уǵ۾ǿߣѾһٸң뵱꣬طһ۾ûеġ
Щ۾ǿߵУǿĵȻġ
ĸԼһ뿪ģȴҪڱѩ۹Ҳûǿ
ڵģҲ̤۾εˣǱѩ۹ǿߣҲѩ۹ػߡ
Ϊѩ۹Żᷢչ˳ҪȻĻļʴѹ;ñѩ۹չ˳ġ
ȻȥЩ۾ǿߣϾڵΪҵ۾ǿߴŰġ
ȵѻʾ˶Ըһ飬ҲͿԻݣԼΪѹڻʾȥս۾ǿˡ
ȻҪ˵۾ǿߣʥп϶ҪһЩҲŲˡ
׼һһȵѩ۹˲ȥʥ֡
˾Ĵ£㿪ʼ˲սʾǿߵ;ÿ춼ҵһֽжսд衣
ǿս̫ʱҲǶԸ÷ǳҪս似⡣
ڲԼսдĹУ޽֮似ԽԽŹȥ죬ս֣㽫޽֮˴ɾ硣
ɾ޽֮գ֮ӡЧøǿҳʱ˾öģ
ϣÿζǶһ⧲Ȼһȭսȭں俪˷ֻ϶Ǳˡ
ĶսУҪ޽֮պͿս壬޾Ʒ似ܶۻýǧҪȻĻҲòôˡ
ĹУ似⣬ҲǱԽԽ̣޽֮ʹҲӵĵӦ֡
ʲôʱãʲôʱ򲻸ã˸˽⣬ҶԵоҲԽԽḻ
ϾսģһЩ츳ȽǿǿߣвڲֶͬΣͨҲǸָУǧٹ֣Щ⧲
ÿսķҪȻĻп﷭δ
ʱ䣬һζ
ʱڣԼս˱ѩ۹вһŻʾǿߣлвǰʶģ˾һ
ѩׯ԰İѩׯ԰ĺׯ԰ľȵȣЩׯ԰֮ǰڵʱʹڵڲûʧǿˡ
ѩһЩԭһڻʶʢвԵˣҲൽ˻ʾڣ׼μһεǿʾԡ
սǵʱ򣬼װԼѹƵΪڣҪȻĻû취ԸЩһ


1385 ۷֮
ڵΪս˲ٻʾڵǿߣڱѩ۹ٴ𣬶սԽԽ࣬Ҳ𽥱¶˳
ȻݣӵݣϾÿ˸սܸܵĵϢĸйڱѩ۹Ͳһܡ
ԣĵڱѩ۹Ϣܿʹ˱ѩ۹
ڰ֮˴ʾڵĶ֣£ԼѹƵΪһΰ˻ʾڣ׼ʼս۾ڵĶ֡
ٶȣñ۹˶̾Ϊֹǿɶûм˭ڰʱڴһ·ʾڵġ
žÿһؾ磬һЩţô죡
ĵӣȻǲͬ졭
ڵڱѩ۹Ѿһ񻰣Ϊѩ۹ܳʥǵϿգΪģҵõԽԽԴ
ɾڵıѩ۹ڣѩŮģһֱ
ڴˣûȥ룬Ҫ뿪ǰĻ϶ǻġ
ڱѩ۹Ѿ뷢չ죬뿪ҲӰ쵽ʲôʱȥһʱȽϺá
ڱѩ۹ʼսЩ۾ǿߣ඼һЩǰˣһЩׯ԰߸ۡׯ͸һһս
˵۾ĲΣٴÿսӼң˶޽֮յҲԽԽ̣
ңսǿǿÿ춼սϵĵ۾ǿߣ˲Ű¹ȥѩ۹ĵ۾ǿߣֱս˸顣
ɹڽ޽֮似۷ľ磡ﵽ۷֮޽֮ձ˸ײе似ա
һվͿ԰ѶȻзӡԽǿӡʱԽ̣ǸͬģӡЧܳʱ䡣
ԻʾڶԸ۾ڵĶ֣ӡҲܴﵽҵʱ䣬Ѿ㹻𽥵춨ʤˡ
޽֮մﵽ۷徳֮󣬱գڵһ֮󣬽űʩչڶգǿ֮ӡĿռöȫ޷
һպ͵ڶգǼǿĿֶΣʩչĻϲöʲô֮ˡ
գһйֶΣֱܹӶԶڵҪλг֮ǰĶϿվɱ
޽֮մﵽ۷徳磬ֶεʱҲʽϿʥȪϿվɱһս似˳ս̨
޽֮Ϊ޾Ʒ似۷֮ĵգպЧͶϿվɱƣҪȶϿվɱҪǿϺü
֮£ϿʥȪͶϿվɱûʲôҪˣ˼һ£׼͸ȥҲûʲôá
۷֮գѾǿᡣ
ڴһ޾似ԲȻЧ·һһߣʱڣҪһȻǲܵġ
ԲǿԳһµġ
Ͼʣһʱ䣬սˣȻѩ۹սˣȥܹȥսʥǵˡ
ʥǵǿߣδرȱѩ۹ĵ۾ǿҪǿֻʤڶ࣬ٶȽЩһ¡
ս˱ѩ۹ĵ۾ǿԺȻʧˣӱѩ۹еĵ۾ǿǰʧˡ
Ȼһθͷ棬ҽԼΪѹڵ۾ڣ׼ȥʥսսʥеĵ۾ǿߡ
ս֮ʹһ磬ѹڵ۾ڵĲΣȥսһǵ۾Ȼ۾ȥսǵ۾
Ȼ󣬴žûȻˣǿҲǵ۾ĲΰˣѶǵ۾սˣϾͽˣʣµһʱҲǹȥˡ
δˣÿս۾ǿߣǸԷԼã˾͸һЩҩʲôģǶսҪʶƼȻȻͻв˸ս
ңÿγ棬ɲͬ棬˽¶սûôΧΧۡ
ϣÿζսǻʤģҲҪԷʲôԷҲĴˣսʥǵǿߣ鵹ûбȥ
һδεսУ޽֮պͿսԽԽԽԽǿ
սĶУЩǰʶˡ
磬ʦ巣˵ڸϡ׳죬Ů̷ţ֮ǰһ𣬽սλҲʶֻǻûкõһʱ佫Ǵĳ̶ȡ
ȻλҲСˣ㹻ԴչǱҲޣο϶עԼѪ֯
뿪Ҳ벻ԸģֻὫԼһЩƼ
Ļ˵ûбҪˡ
ֲȱˣ⼸λҲֻǺϵûбҪȥԷĺһŵܹеĺݺ˱ȼ硣
ĴڣǳϣҲӦ˲ŶԣһֱĬĬţҪƼ
λ֮⣬׵ۡħۺʥۣλȻ磬άȶҴٽʢ
λڶǵ۾Ϊǵ״ӣҲһǵ۾ǵ۾ˣһһսջ൱ġ
Ͼ۵ĵӣ츳ߵһˣԶźܶ಻ֶΣǶսѧϰĶҲǲ١
Сҩеȵȣвˣǰʶˣֱȥս룬˽¶սûб¶ԼݣȴҲ֪ЩϹû㲻
뿪磬ĽΪ磬飬ֻϾʱ̸ʡ
Ҫ˵ÿ˵ʲôӰ죬ûС
ʥУǰڻûΪı̫࣬ıģҪѩ۹ˡ
ǰʮһЩǿߣµʮУ۹ԭ۹ֻʥǱһͨ۹ڣȴҲʮ֮һ
۹ĵ۹ݣԼ۹չԪҲ˶ǵ۾ǿߣһһսÿһսǻʤģܶսӮúܼѡ
ϾѹԼΪֻе۾ڣ϶ǵ۾ǿҲǵ۾ڣڲʾĵ£ҪʤԲɡ
Ҳ£õս޽֮似
ֹһʱ䣬սʮ۾εǿߣһ۾ߣĿս޽֮գһδﵽ˿ҪͻƵٽˡ
ҵǰһʶ֮ˣŶԷ˶սԼ
˱ۣ˵ڸϣ
ۣǱȽ𾴵ģһʼԷʱĳϣҰһЩæˡ
һ£ԷǷԸԼǰ磬Էʱ򣬻Ǵͷ


1386 սڵ
ٴμ۵ʱ򣬷ֶԷȻѾӣ
֮ǰۣһΪ˳ϣ׷߼࣬ڿΨһˣǾʥ۵һ״ӣҲڵļʥۣ
ʦ̷ĹϵܵģӡҲʥ뿪뿪ͽγΪµʥۡ
ڣ۱һԣѾһԿɰС
⵹Щˣһ治ȥŶԷսҲˡ
ȥ
»ص̬ѾǰȫһһЩʶˣһЩϤЩпȴ
Ѱ֣ܿ죬ʹһǵ۾ǿߣڵ
ںڵӡ̵ͦģڵҶ΢һ𣬲μۻýĿ飬̤˵ʮ㣬ڵҶ΢̤˵ڶʮ˲㡣
Ҷ΢ϣ߳ȥˣѾؾĴڡ
ڵȴһУϿ̿Ȼǵ۾ʵԲǵ۾
һԵĻͰǺϾǸҶ΢һ츳ţֻҪ㹻ԴɾͣԲ͵ȥԳΪǺһս
ţԺڵս
ڵϣѾҲˣʦħ۶дܶΣħ۶ѾĶ֡
ԣҵڵʱ򣬺ڵڶһǱҪһ;һ¥
ϧǣû㹻ԴڵҪѶȣʵ̫ˡ
ĶĶԼս飬͵˺ڵǰڵûκԥֱӾʹӦԼսڵĺڵʵ̫įˣ
Ȼֻһʮ꣬ʵȴѾﵽ۷塣
ЩԼû罨һȽ˲ѡƶȣҪǣûиħһϵԼ;
ԺҪúýһЩƶȣ˲ѡε
ֻǺеŲŻԽԽֻ࣬Ҫ㹻츳ģܹۻý̤ϵڶʮϵģʸ뿪磬ǰǺӷչ
̫ˣҲܽǴϾǺӵԴҲ޵ģЩ츳ô˷ѣԼء
ڵּˡ
ڵ뿪Ǳ֮ϵһߴϿȸֱӶԺڵЦ˵
ڵüͷ΢壬ϸǰ߸ݵӰɲǵԼԷ
״΢΢һЦԼģָƽʱģ⣬úڵɫʱһ䣬һӾͿ˭
ʵ˵ϻֻҪָĿڵôϲ
ǣôܣ뿪磬ǰȻС磬ǣѾһˣôĪԼս
ڵ˵㾿˭ðʲôͼ
˶Է˵ʱͷ亹һһ
ҾѹΪ磬Ҫһһ似дҲһҪҵ似ͻƿ
ҡҡͷԺڵ˵㲻ùڽţ֪С磬ѾûʲôĿܣ츳˵ʵ˷ˡԣһս֮Ҿʹ뿪ǰ磬иõĵطȥչ٣̤ؾǺɵ顣

ڵɫ΢䣬ܵ޵Ĺ͸¶ľϢȴҡҡͷ뿪ٸ㣬ҵĿǻ㣬һֱ㣬ôܽܣ
Ŷ
۾СӣЩ˼
ڵҪ˵ңǻһҶ΢ܣȷҪһ齨
۾Ҷ΢Ҳһλ׵ΪˣҸһЩһɲһܵõ㹻Դ
ô֪أ
ڵѾį̫ã˫¶֮ɫ˫У͸һŨصɱ
츳֪ʲôȻѰ
ɣҽѹһǵ۾ĲΣս
ЦŵܴӮңҾͽС磬ƾɷչˣ͵øңصҵȥһµΣ
˻ɵһΪ
ڵ˵ͷ
ʱǸʮ꣬ڹ˼꣬Ѿһ꣬һЩۣһЩ죬ҲһЩâ
ϣڵδ̫ĴۣҲۻýʱһΣһֱѹڽŵ¡
ԣڵΪһĿ꣬ҲǺˡ
˵Ȼ㻰ǰҪһܲУȻΪѹһǵ۾ʵǳѰǵ۾ģ㲻Ҫ⡣
ͷ˵
òһսĻᣬôܴ⣬ԻȫԸˣҲź
ڵص˵
ʮԼȻѾ޵УҪȫģԼΪѹһǵ۾ս϶ҲǶԼĵġ
ڵ֪ЩʲôԵҲ֪ӵЩʲôֶΣԿ϶ǣԲöԸ
ǾͿʼɡ
˵ͷûһʼͶ޽֮գһ̧֣۾֮ٻһͷ֡
ĵն
ѸٳźڵϮȥһ䵶˲仮Ƴգĵնֶ£
ĵնһл󹥻öֱػþУ־ȽĻһоͻơ
֮ǰսʱҲ˺üĵն֣еĶֱ֣ӾػþûлأΪʧġ
ڣڵսͬʱҲڶԶԷп飬־һ˵ǷǳҪĶ
οǣڵĵնϾûôܵӰ죬ֻ΢һգ۵ʱ䣬̱㷴Ӧ˹΢ֳ̣һѺɫذף˲
ۣ
ڵǺɫذ׺϶ΪһȻѾϵ˫εһ޾Ʒս
޾սǳ磬޾սǼټģ֮ǰûô˶ء
ȻټվǴڵġ
֮ǰõĶϿʥȪˣһ޾Ʒսȴӡûʲôܹõֱʹȡ߶ϿʥȪķ
ڵѺɫذף֪εõģԿ϶ǣԲС
ڵ˲Ϣɫذ׺Ϊһ壬һ⣬˲㽫ٻľ͸
Ũֱӽָ֣٣ţֱͣͣӳϮ
ĹƣЩȣ֮Ҳʼ˷Ķ֣պÿͻ似ƿ


1387 
ڵսĸоȫ֮ǰսԷĹƣо˶ſ籩ꡣ
û˿˷ֻĶ֣Ÿܹͻ似ƿ
޽֮գս壬޾Ʒ似ϼ亱ǿ似ѶҲǷǳߵġ
ڣ֮ǰһʱĽսѾ似ٽ㣬ֻһܽ似ֱȥ
սϣ
ԺڵϮȫ±㸲һϣǺڵȻϣ貹â˲䱬
ڵⱬɢ˳ź˿ȥȻ˲٣ȴҲ޷һоͽĿսϸ顣
ȻؼڣһսķԷ޷ͻҲޱȵ
˶ԷһоȫĿսȫս似ƺǼ̤뵽Ȼľ磡
һ˿˿֮ռжȻϡ
ɱ
ڵȴǲκʱ䣬һλ⣬˲Ŀսϣ
һУȻֱӽռиܵĿ֮ˣڵƻ򣬲ҳһϮɱ
ѸݵĹƣϾϸ룬̵ֻ˼ֵڵĹƣȻĻѵãȻڵĻᡣ
Ͼһǵ۾ΪڶԿǵ۾εĺڵϵĲ࣬˻˰˾ű֮ࡣ
ټϣڵܹԽսţǰѺɫذϵ˫ΣĹʵ̫ˣܽӡ
սȭڣ
ֻ̧ӳһȭսͬһˮȻһ֮ϣ˫Ȼۣײһ𣬱ǿĳ
˫ζ׷׳źȥ
ʱܹܵĿ֮ӿ񱩣޷֪ռӿ£ϡ
δ֪Ŀ֮˶ֿ񱩵Ϣ֣ƺȻǿ
֮ǴӺζ
ܵδȫкȴѾǿȫĿսȻڿսһ޾Ʒ似
ս壬һ似ڱһͻƣ֮ǰԲδﵽڵĳȻ֮
̤볬ȻĿս壬ܹռĿ֮壬˾ͬս
ңʱĿ֮ԽԽŨĿսϵ
֮ǰĿսƣÿʩչһοսֶξ͵һ㣬һڵĿͨʱӣ治ǿս
һֻҪһֱսȥüΪǿᣬֻҪսһ̶ȣֻҪܹԾ֮ѹԭǶֵĶ֡
ս壬һ޾Ʒ似رǴﵽ˳Ȼ֮󣬿һЧ֣һеõ̥ǡ
սĵƣۣúڵܵ˺ܴв
īӰɱ
ڵ״֪ԲܸսȥսҲǺܷḻˣһ֪״̬ڱԽԽǿ
ֶΣڵǰû
رǿսԵ似УЩ˵ͨӵЧȻǲʩչ似ô
ÿһʱ䣬ʵͻһ֣ÿĿսƱǿһ
ٶȣֱúڵе벻ͨˣʲô似ܹӵЧ
οڵرսĲıԴģͨӦǰӰĲŶԡ
ڣôսĶ˾ͨˣ
ʵսĵϲߣҲֻе߼϶ѣܹսϵ߲Σôսеӿֲ
ڵһɱУֱӶóϵ˫ĺɫذ˲仯Ӱӣһɱгƿն
һǺڵɱУȻףƿնڹɱУһ룬ϴ£
սϣ
ԥʩչսһзֶΣʱڿǿĿսֱӸϣҵõ
һսϵķѾﵽǿĳ̶ȣ˲䱬˿ֲϢơ
ڹɱд˿սϣȴȫȫ޷ͻƣؼڣڵĹȴͬ籩㲻Ϯ
īӰɱһص಻籩겻ϮΧûκλ֮
ԷĹʵ̫ܼˣ
ףڵܹ϶޵֣ûԭģīӰɱþ˶޷мܡ
Ҫ֪ͻƵȻ֮Ŀս壬Ƶֻܽзĵز֪ԷһеĹǺεҡ
ڻвδңǲѰҺ͵ȴʱڵΧת任λãһ㻹ıȽҵᡣ
ȻĲиȴѰ£ڻץס˺ڵһ籩Ĺɱй£Ȼ֡
޽֮գ
һ޾Ʒ似ʩչ޾϶֮䣬׼ȷ˺ڵ֮ϡ
ڵ˶ûκηӦֱӾͱ
ʲô似
ڵֱˣΧ޴ӵĹƣȴͻȻͱһӳߣҺڵ͸оԼֱӱӡסոտĹȻֹ
ˡ
΢̣޽֮յĵڶռʩչ˲һδֱ֪ӽڵ˶һտռ֮С
ڵĺڵ൱ǱȫƷסˣ޽֮յĽοƣѵóġ
ڵȴҲô׶ԸģϾ߳أҲ߱ǿԽսʵ
µڵԥʩչ˱ʽͻȻһֶ̣β߶ĺɫذս߶
ϾǸɫذϵ˫ĲΣȻڵ˶סˣȴûпסǰѺɫذף
ɫذֱӽڵ˱仯һ̣ȻѸٴķտռ˳ȻֶӳĿơ
⵹Щ⣬Դ⻹ǵһܹѳȥǶԺڵһۡ
ʣУڵ˾ʸǰǺӷչģȻˣ͸ڵУ˲ţȻе⣬ſȵս̬Ҳ£ԼС
ֻҪһΣԺ;ܹ˲ס


1388 ޽֮ӡ
ڵ̣޽֮շտռӳȥӡҲԽȫħٴų
ԽսȥڵսԽǿǿоЩ¡
ȫħɢԽԽǿȻĿٶȲ˶٣
ط
һۣϳԷӦĳطѾ˵صĲΡ
ȻҪӵͲǺڵܹˣΪϻϲʲô֮ڵȻҲܵõ֮ط
ǵصطѾۺˡ
ڵһطȻܹİӰȻ֪ûޣ˵ѧҲܴǿսģ
ϾҪĻǰӰģʾѾɣ밵ӰҲǴﵽ˵ʮ̤۷塣
ܶ߶δײεǿ߶һܹﵽĳ̶ȣϾܹϵĵҩﲢ
ܹ밵ӰϵʮҲǴԵɺϡ
ڣڵȻһطڰӰǿֶΣɲյĿս似ˡ
Ȼܹ޾Ʒ似ȼЧһ԰ӰģĶˡ
ȽڵܣһЩԸԸ⽻ط
ţɫһݣ˶øרע
ΪźڵεģڲϱȻЧһֱۼƵȥٶѾûиտʼôˡ
ţĿֶΣΪṩʮĿս⻹мĿսƣҲ˼һҲǽʮ
̶ȣٶȱڵطʱȥѾúڵ屶
īӰɱ
ͬʽһκڵʩչƻȷŸǿкɫذսϵ˫֮󣬲ŵǿֶΣ˫ֶ֮Ρ
ϧвߣҪȻǿԸԷƴһԡ
ƴĽ϶иʤһģһԿ϶Ͼȫˮϵ̫֮ȶԷɫذ֮еİӰҪǿ١
⻹״Լս˫Ķ֣ȻЩֻϧҲȥнйϾСѷء
ȫǵһλģûж⣬һʩչսϣǿŨĿս
һΣԷĹƸҿʼЧ
ټϣһʩչĿսϣûܹǿķûзӳ޾似ӦйЧǺǿ
ڵһīӰɱֱͬ豩һǲսϼ˲㱻ƻǧٿף
Ȼôǿ
ɫ΢䣬ʵ൱ĶֶսҲ治⡣
ЩԼûд󣬽Լʵѹڵ۾θǵ۾ĺڵսѹһǵ۾ҪȻĻ治ǺڵĶˡ
޽֮գ
زסԷĹƣԷ˷Թأ޽֮ռϯûκ׵ģڵ˶Լߡ
ƿ֮ˣ
ԥʩչ޽֮յĵգֲƿֱ뵽˺ڵڣȻ䵤֮ϣ
޽֮յĵգ൱ڶϿվɱĴ͸ԹֶΣʱ˿ʩչֱúڵˡ
˵еҩܹ˵ģҲù˼ɽԷ˲֮⡣
޽֮գƿ֮ˣһ𣬽ڵ˶˿ȥأȻһѪܵ˺صˣùؼʱסԼĵûõﱻƻ
ֶֹúڵ֪ٲʩչһЩĻʵ̫ѶԸˣ˵Լᱻɵ
ս壬޽֮գ޾Ʒ似ڵ˼Ϊ̵ӡǰа취ԶԿطǿԸĿЧ⡣
սϲβرߣƾս似ûа취Խڵɵ
޽֮գһоĶˣ˿ֱӿԽڵȥʩչξѾúڵ಻ԣ͸似
ϡ
ڵڿˣ⿪ͷ֣Ҳ΢иһ£Сӣ
ոһ޽֮գƿ֮ˣС˵úذ
ȻողôţȻ͸оЩԾΪڵǸġ䡱һֱû˵
ңоԼԣƺЩոһ˿񣬾ȻѾŰΧ
СӣȻˣֶΡ
һѾȫ˼Ϊ״̬ԷʩչֶμΪǿᣬɵвԶԶŵīӰɱ
ϢѵǡһƷ󣿡
ΧĹ̲סЩȣһƷֶΣڵȻܹѧ᣿
Ҫ֪磬һƷֶζʲô˶ܹѧģҲǼΪϡٵĴڡ
УһƷͨıرʯûһƷĻ߾̤ĲΡ
ɴ˿ɼһƷбضǴĳЩܵģڣڵȻѧһһƷ
⣬ѵеĳܴУ
һ뵽֮ǰɨһ磬ûаиɨɼеǿߣ꼴ȲϾۣҲԶˡ
ԣʵ벻ڵǴȥѧһƷ
ȻǶԷһƷǴʱҪҪסԷǿһУ
ʱ˿̣ǹİӰѾ׽˶Χ޴ѡ
£ٴʩչ˿սϣֱӱķֻǼˣǾò̫׵
һƷʵЩš
ȻͻȻһ޽֮似ȻȻĶ˳صĿռֱӾʹΧӿֳ
ȻȻķӦҲʱʶԼ޽֮似ʱͻˡ
ͻƵԲ޽֮գһзֶΣ޽֮ӡ
عĿռγһεϣ˶УŵıΧİӰ۳ͣȻ
޽֮ӡһƷ˫յǿȻײһ
ո޽֮ӡֶΣǺܴ죬ǲռ֮ȴɽԷһƷסˣ
ʲôС
Զĺڵ״ʱ˶סˣʩչǿӰĵطһƷ󣬲Ϊ˽ͻȻɱ
ȴû뵽Ȼǽһи


1389 ܾ
طһƷȷǺڵʱһżõĴУ´ߣҲһȾ۲ٵ񣬾ƾ˰˳ɾӡǵû취ֱ̽⵽żĴڡ
ֻкڵȥʱ򣬴µűҪнڵȥ
ȻûʲôֱӾͰѺڵǿƸֵ޽֮似Բ֮һֶ޽֮ӡ
޽֮ӡʽǰİǽЧ࣬ӡסˣҲܹԼ
ӡֵʱ޽֮ӡܹöȫ޷о֮Ŀռ߽Чûá
Ϊ޽֮ӡĹɲκԵĿռģѡġ
޽֮һԶʾ߶޽֮ӡǾĹ޽֮ӡ
ʲô߶޽֮ӡЧƵģֻòͬ߶ĻԸӸֲͬЧ
ڸӰϵʮܹԼκΰӰĶһǿҵĸʴЧ
Ч޽֮ӡҲֳܹòǺܴ󣬱Ͼ޽֮ӡһֹͨ
ٺڵǿṥƵʱڽ޽֮似ͻƵԲ磬޽֮ӡ
ΪֶΣ޽֮ӡķԳ֮ǰκֶΣ
ڵȫͻȻ˳֮ǰʮƻȴȻûк޽֮ӡһ˿һɴ˿ɼ޽֮ӡķжôǿᡣ
ȻҲΪһʩչ޽֮ӡֱӾͱڵ޷Ҳˡ
ڵ𾪵ͬʱȴԷκλᡣ
޽֮ӡ
һ޽֮ӡٴʩչӿڵ˶ӡС
޽֮ӡΧ˿ܲ޽֮ӡڵĺڵϢˣʱԿʼӿսˡ
ЧȻڳӣֻЧرˣʱǿĿսһ·ʮ֮Ͳͣ
ڣڵס޽֮ӡڣͬһ彫ڵУֱӳ޽֮ӡӳսȭڣ
һ¿սȭȥϵĿսƲϵһһ㣬ΪѸ٣ͬʱ޽֮ӡҲѸƻ
һӡֺڵ˳ԼĿսƣνһá
ںڵ޽֮ӡҲڲʩչֶΣƻסӡǣ޽֮ӡƻٶȻǺܿġ
ֻʱ䣬޽֮ӡ˫й¸ƣʱ˿̣ϵĿսƣ֮ǰ״̬ѾۼƵӵ˶ʮ㣡
ЧĿսѾǿʮ౶
˿ֲǿͬһ㣬ƾѹѾø޽֮ӡĺڵܵ˼ΪǿҵѹȸС

ڵϸֳŵɫӡ޽֮ӡеʱϻûôǿ
гȴѹʮúڵеЩ˼
ڵ֮ǰ˵صطſ˲屶ȴֱսǿʮ౶
Ȼͬһָˣڵܽطھ۷壬ЧҲĿս壬Ȼڵĺڵûа취ˡ
֮طҪֻմ֮УҪǣڵòκδ֮մ֮ˡ
Ƚ֮£ʤһ
սȭڣ
򵥵һȭȥڵŸմ޽֮ӡһȭҪʶĶܡ
ֻϧһȭٶҲʮ౶ֻһգ۱㵽˺ڵǰһȭ֮ϣ
һȭҪ˺ڵ˶ɳȥսĵƻǿ֮һʱ˿һȭúڵھĴܵˡ
ڵ˶ˤ˵ϣһƬɳʯѪֹܵˣ޷վˡ
̤ǰУܿ˺ڵǰ
ôڵ㲻ҵĶ֡
˵ϹŻʤЦݣڵ˷˺أȻֻһǿսȭڣʮ౶սһȭҲ㹻úڵش
ڵû취վ˵ǿԣȴҲǶ϶ˣҡڵȷǡĶ֡һ졭
Ȼ㶼ˣǾʱҰɣԺܷԽңǻÿԼŬ̶ˡ
΢̣ڣҵˣúøɣҲ㣬Ǹطһṩ㹻Ĵ֮벻Դٿڶʱ̤뵽ؾ
һ˵ţһ߽һö˵ҩӵ˺ڵȥ
˵ҩҩܿͿʼɢ޸źڵЩ⵽ƻѪ;ָٶȼ졣
ʶһ䣺ӰطɷڸңΪҲᴫһкܲط㡣
þƿظԷһ˵ʵ˵Ժڵ˵϶Ҳ
û뵽ǣСӾȻܾˣ
ҲܣҰҵطڸ㣬ҲҪ֪Ŀ㰡ôԸøǿ
ڵƺת𽥴ӵƮȻ棬Ȼſ֮ɫһὫܣԣõЩǲύġ
޷
΢۾û뵽ڵԼĺʤģΪսʤԼǿԼʵĻᶼҪ
Ĳ˵ڵõľƿطۺʵ϶ܶࡣ
ȻõԷǿӰطսҲǿܶࡣ
Ϊڵ֪ط˵ǶôҪŲϽ䴫ڸ
ҪȻøǿҪ׷ϻ͸ˣϾ˫ڱͺܴˣǺڵ緽ȸȻԽҪȻԺ治Ķ֡
ô˵ǽڵշˣȻúڵϣصǺӵʱ򣬱úڵ뿪ȥǰǺӡ
ڣڵųһöûеģһҪºڵСһСľˡ
Ҫ֪СӿɲǸֵļһпܻͻȻģϾԺڵ˵Ŀǻ
֪ڵԼʲôʲôԹȻԷԼĿ꣬ǿӦǺǿġ
ļһǺ˵϶һ
ʱ֪ڵõǸУûֶδеĻСԺս治һһֱȲ
ȻڵܳĿԼͰˣϾõľ۴Уо۶㲻Ĵڡ


1390 
ںڵѡȻʾأȥǿȶԷԼ־
˵ǿӰطȫǽˣȻãҲʲôҪõĶ
٣ʱǱõģȥȺڵ佻
⣬ڵֳսѾĿ࿴ڵһЩʱͻᣬȻʵһ¥һ·ҡֱϣ
ںڵ֮ǰڵѡ뿪Ҳʼղܱڵܣһ룬ڵҲͻǱǺˡ
Ǻ˵һϲ£Ͼ˺ڵɳĻǿǺӵۺʵ
㶨˺ڵߵ֮ԼĿҲѾﵽˡ
صԼСĿ꣬Ҫ޾Ʒ似ս壬Լ޾Ʒ似޽֮ա
ڣ似Ѿõ˺ܴ
УսѾ̤뵽˳Ȼ֮õ˿ЧܹڶʱڵʮĿս
⣬޽֮ҲѾԲľ磬ܹ޽֮ӡԼͷţһǿķֶΣԵͷţһ޽ĽֶΣ
ǿս廹޽֮գ⽫ʱר֮󣬶Ѿǿֶ֮һ
ĽΪģµʱ޿Ҫ˵õˣĻӦҲҪǰˡ
Ϊ׼˵ĵڽ˺ڵ֮󣬱׼뿪ԼСˡ
ڵ˵ģʱСУõ׼öƷĴ֮
ƷĴ֮˵ǺܳĶˣյĻЧҲ̫á
ڲǵ۾ĺڵ˵ƷĴ֮ȴֱܹһ磡
ңúڵطһõֻһؾ磬ҲǿӰطЧõȵǿ
ȻЩ֮ҪطأȫеĴ֮Ҳֻǿǿܹѡ
ڵĺڵ˵ҪĻǿٵΪ
ȻںڵȥöƷĴ֮͸ûʲôϵˣܺڵܵôϸ
˼ҪѾϡ
뿪ԼС磬ص˴֮ص˫룬ƬȽƽڣĵȴ˵ĵ
Ͼ֮ǰ˵¾ͻˣڶԷ˵ĻǷ㻰ġ
滰ˣԺú̸̸ˣǼٻǶ˵е鷳ġ
Ͼûڹ涨ʱڸϵô˭֪᲻
طǣҲǣǾͷǳˡ
ڣûʧ
ֻ뿪ԼСĵڶ죬һɫҫĿâҰг֣Զ
Żӿ;Щ˫׷ױŻƸɢɵ赲ŻǰеĽŲ
˴ڣԿ϶ŻƱضǴﵽ߶δ׵ģһѰ߶δףǿһ߶δף
ֻѰ߶δף˫г˷˵ġ
ˡˣ
ȫһ˾˫ƽȻ侲Ĺ۲ŻԶϳ
ܿ죬ŻƱ㴩͸ǻҵ˫˫ƽ򣬼ֻһ˲䣬ǰ
ǰģȫһŻƣг˻ϵ̫֮⣬ƺʲôûУȴƺʲôС
ָоǳȴû̫ãǺܿЩ֣Żѵˣ
ܿ죬Ĳ²Ѿõ֤ʵ
ΪȻŻвûгʲô˵ӰȴŻƵʱյһĨ
ܺãܺãСӣ츳ԿǿΪͽˣ
һĨԺУЩΡ
л治ʦ˵ģŶԷô϶ӣЩᣬֱ˵ķ˶Է˵ǰв˰ʦ뿴µƼ򣬿ͻˡ
һ˵ţһ߽Сµȡ˳ȻһŻơ
֮ǰʱ˲ûԹµĽֻһЩóƼЩȻǲܲ鿴ġ
ڣȻ˱ˣȻûӰҿΪǰһŻ˵ı
ö˳ȥȻһŻһֻȻƺɨһеݣȻᡰסһƺ⡣
벻㾹ǰʦǰǰ򡭡ǺǣСӣˣСӵƼҲǰģ
˵ԺУȻֱӾܾ֮⡣
ȴԤ⵱Уû˶֣΢΢һ̣ĵٴγǰǷӦ˵һΣ
ûʲôȤģСӼȻƼ򣬲˵һ˵ƺҲ˵ȥˡ
˵뵽Ժó˸С׵Ĺϵ㲻ܿ꽻͵ѡ
ΪϿСףԲŻԸСƼ˵仰
ҪȻĻ˿ֱתˣϾʱ仹Ǻܱģ˵û˿Ȥ
ʵϣ˷ʦʱѾΪˣΪԶܹȴСӲҪʦְһ˵֪
С׵Ƽ˻ӣ׼һô˵˵Ĳãô˾;ӡ
һˣСƼʱԸһ˵ĲãС׵ƼҲûá
ˣСƼãһԼ˵ĻᣬƼĻǰ˵ĻᶼûУ
⵹СױȽϸмȴмʱʾ֭Ҫ˵㹻ջ
ԼĽǶȽĻǺѴ򶯵˵ġ
Ȼˣֻصվ˵һһ룬Ȼ˻ûʲô˽⣬ȴҲܹƲһ¶Է
Ϊ߶δ׾ǿߣͬʱһָʦ󷨴ʦ˵ƢŹֺҲ϶ԼĿꡣ
Ƴǿս
гķ
˵˻һЩ׷
Щһһڣ
վ˵˼һܿ֯һ׼˵ˣңԼ˵㹻ģ


1391 
ֻ˼һܿܽ˼ؼ㣬Ȼ˴ȥ
ǰС׸˵彮Уеʦ󷨴ʦվֻǸ߶δ׵߰ˡ
һ䴫ȥʱ˵ˡ
Ƕı
Ȼ˷ʲôֱ˵߶δ׵ߺֻ֮࣬Ҫһ첻żһֻǷˣǿҲǿޣûʵĲ𡣡
ǰҪģ̤뵽ĲΣз϶̹ˣǰǶָȴ޷ͻһ
ЩмĺٺЦһЦٺ٣ΣСӣѲɣͻƵ񲻳ɣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ǵڣڵǸһǿߵҲѰ񣬶е۷壡
ۣǰӦ˵İɣ
ۣôܣǶ𣿡
⻰˲ڱһŻƣԱֵ̬ĻӦܿɫҲѾ仯һ¡
ˣȴˣңǱһǵƿš
Ц˵ǰӦ֪ʲô
˳ĬһȻĻҲⷬʲôۣȻ˶䲻رϤҲжţ֪һԶǿߡ
СĽ磬лǱȽϳرԶǿߵʲô
οǣȻƿˣ
ģôʣڵ൱һżǿıҪ֪ǿе۷壡
ʣһʵǳԽ˾еҪǴĻĴ֯Ķ֡
ԭΪ۵ƿأһؾ㹻ڵ㣡
Сӣ˵ģ棿
˴ѾأȻ飬ܻѣΪûκô˻Щŵĸо
ȻģС׵ǰ㻹˵Ǽٵ𣿡
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
û˵ھ۵Ǳһʯסÿ²ܳһˡ
û˵˵Ǽٻô˵۵ȷǺػ
൹еȤˣСӣ˵
ԣΪ⣬ԭΪмڣھ۵ƿأ˶һӸ߿
һô÷չɾҲ̫ͣɴ˴ľԴӣʣڵԴ϶̫
ҲȤĵط
Ѿһʦõǿ˸߲ĴУƵҩһָֻҪвϣ쵤ҩܹƳǻȱһʦʦǰպúʡ
˵
Ҳ˵һʦûУ
ƺԴ˺ܲ˵ӡ
ʦǵˮƽ϶벻ǰķۡ
ҡҡͷ֪ǰҲƽʱдһգԽһˮ׼Ҳֻʱƾڵʵ϶ո˽ο彮ڣһ;ǰ۵Ҳʵ̫ˣһö𣿡
⻰˼ʵǿã˶ɵĺܣ⣡
˵Ȼ֪˼ٺһЦһ;ȼĵȷ࣬һ;ȴҲ㲻ö⣬ǵøʦͿˣ棬ԼҲǿԵģ˳ռӣֻһֱûʵ˲š
ǰ˼ǴӦǵˣ
ǰһʳ
˵˵ҪĻҪӦһ
˵ĵӣѧϰ࿴ˣ֮ǰ㴳߷֮ʱͣԼľ־ʵ츳ǼõģֻҪһ»ϵ̫֮ˡ
ǰɲҪʦģһ;ڿһϲͨ»Ṽĺ
ʱЩˣ벻˾Ȼ濴ˡ
֮ǰеı֣ȷû˵Щ󣬱Ŀ顣
ܹλ׵磬˫Ѿ˵һʵֶεġ
ΣƿЩҲ־ܶŶʮĸ˵ľȥʮ￪һػ档
ǸƽԽ磬ʹԽ츳Ļ
ʮ죬ʵϣǰʮʱѾﵽƽֻҪĥһ־Żϵʮ֮ġ
ģѾ֪뷨Ҳ֪츳ԲԲŻ˰֮ġ
ɹܲЩϵĵӣøҸ츳ȵģĵӣˣһҪôӦ
˹Ǹһѡ
һ˼ʵҪʲôڸһӣӦò⣬źܶģ˲ŶСҲĻҾ͵ĵӺˡ
˼һԼʶȺУӵ츳ĵȷ٣ʱļһˡ
Լ츳Ȼܴﵽ˵Ҫ󣬵ȴ㲻϶⣬һġ
츳Ҳô֮ǰѧϰһӵͶˣΪ̫鷳
ڣԼҲ޷ҪһЩҩĻֱȥƣֱȥгϹˡ
Ҫǣһˣݲ̫һ㣬սŵһͳ˧
˺ǺЦҪΣ
ɱһսŵͳ˧
һһ˵ҪⰡֲ˵ݣԼ㲻飬ԭ־Ȼսŵͳ˧
飬ڵ˵ȻҲǲɵġ
˵ԷݣǶԷ߶δ׵ʵͲ֡
Ժɾ˵ˡ
ӵһѫ£ʵĿĶ
һ룬˵һǰ⣿
ӴСӣһѫ£࿴ǲǼðαӵĶ
ǰһֱ˵
㽫һѫ¸ȡ˳ɵĻƶʱ͵һȻлϲ
ⶫܹĶԼսǳˣԿԣ
˹Ц


1392 ֮
һѫ£彮ڵΪ´֮󣬲ܹǿ߰䷢
彮ڣܹõһѫµˣܹһٸɴ˿ɼһѫµϡԡ
ҪǣһѫźܶȨ֮һǣĶԼս彮ڵκˣ
ڣ˵ĳУսŵ߶δͳ˧ԼĻôҲܽԷɱ
˫࣬ͬΪ߶δ׵ߣҪɱԷͺѣٶԷҪܵĻ׾ٵġ
ΣԷӵսŵݱ㶯һܹ˷ǳܡ
ɢߺбߵ
Ϊˣ˲һֱҸжһֱһҪǸ֣ȴһֱû̫õĻᡣ
ΪЩսϣ彻ս൱ҵģ˵ĶһֱսϻԾҵʱȥԸԷ
ӵһѫ£ͱ÷ˡ
֮ǰܶ취Ҳֻ뵽һ취˳ĳǸֵģǾҵһӵһѫµˣæĶԼսǳС
ô׵飿
ȣܹս´󹦣һѫµߣٶ߶δ׵ǿڣսҪǿöࡣ
Σܹһѫµߣÿһػ彮彮ΪΣΪȥսɱһսͳ˧
һ˸Ҳᱨ֮ǰĳ
ڣþֵģϾǳǿĴڣֻҪԸ֣񣬿¶佫ͳ˧иɵ
ڣȴû뵽Ȼӵһѫ£
ɵˣһѫ£ӵУδйκһᣬ΢ġ
һѫ£ͷ͸ŵϢƷǼðķƷ
仰˵ΪСļһܸȥαһöһѫ£ץסĻС
ԣԣСӣ൹ǶԽԽȤˣһѫ£ǴӺδѲɣСɱ岻ɣ
Żƣ㿪ʼɢһϵӰ˻ƵУһΧӰȻϣȴΪͦ˾ǳӣ
˵ݣҲǲϣ΢ЩƣԿóѾ൱ˣδһʱû취ͻƵ񾳽ĻҪߵͷˡ
Ѱ߶δףһ㶼һǧͷ
ɼڿѾ˳һǧˣ
Ҳóɾƶϳ˵ҪĻҪͻƵ񾳽磬ֻܹΪ٣һЩԪлܸõ
߶δ׽׶εǿߣƣʣؼΪпһ顣
ˣǷˣߣȫһֻˡ
ѵǰû˵Űǰ彮Ǳߵսϣͷ񱻸ɵ
Щˡ
彮Ǳ߿Ǵ˵ģͬģѧԺ˶֪Բ²彮ڣҲԲʲôε飬϶Ǵ˵ġ
˾Ȼ֪ѵ˵ǰûнӴʲôˣԲûеõһϢ
¶˵ͷɱѲɵģ
γ֣ȫ鿴ЩģģԼԼĿС
ȻҸɵģҵвСĹϵͷҪ͵ϮǺӵģȴסʱУǰǵŽͷֱնɱ
һ˵ţһ߻һµʱʵͦӵģϾǣʥʲôģͷԵ״̬ΪģǸԻɱ
򵥵˵ûͷױɱ
Եʣͷ໥֮У˿ӣնɱûʲô
ô˵˶Ϊ档
ǰֻбɱȴû뵽龹Ȼǰйأ
벻벻Сӣȷ齨һʸ񣡡
ڿ϶ϵУЩУȻΪԼ̾Ϣ
ڶѾһǧˣûиŹ˵㣬ȥסͷΪǿȡʱ䡣
ʱҪ˵Сڣκһλ߶δٸһ¶㣡
Ȼ˲֪ΪбʥԵʣܹЩţʲôֶΣվǳɹˡ
⣬ҲͳΪ彮ĵһ¼
ôǾԼˣҪô㵱ĵӣҪôʦ࣬ҽλָɵֻҪӦڵ
˲δѯʣڵʲôطʲô֣ʲôˡ
Ϊ˺Щ˵һЩܣеĻǲܰЩġ
ڣ˻δ˵йؾ飬ɼ飬úεġ
ȻƢŹ֣˵Ϊǻ˼ˣֻΪ˱ȽϷ裬һ뵽״̬˭ܰ״̬нг
ǿдĻԶõѶ˲䷭
ȻЩԸ֪Ⲣ뵽ԼǺ
Ҫľ˵Ĳ󷨵Ȼ˵ķ㶥⣬Ҳ˵ǲˣǺУûκ˵ķù˵ˮ׼
ţǰȸңǸսŵͳ˧˭
δżӦֱ˵һ䡣
Ǹӣɣȥսһ¾֪ˣΪСսͳ˧Ϊж壡һأ޳֮£
˵еﶼ͸˸ʢĻ⣬Ǵŭ
˵֪սͳ˧ɣˣھʲô飬Ͳ²ⲻˡ
Ҳ˵ˣʲô飬ȥսһ¾֪ˣսţһԼϵ죬һߴɵϢӦûʲôʱ䡣
ȼ죬һҪԷΪҪԼĸױһڴеο˵죬սŵͳ˧


1393 Ϣ
˵ϣϾѾǶˣ˼뵽ǺӦûʲôˡ
ɣҼסˣǰҪȴһʱ䣬ҲǸʵȥսˡ
֣صĶ˵
ԣȻԼˣңҪǰڵɡ
˰סеŭȻѯʡ
ǰûĻһжˡ
Цŵǵطûʶ;֮˴죬񶼹ȥһӦöȥϾѧԺѧԱһǵԲɲС
ǺæģСУֻҪܰˣĶ⡣
˵˵ͷ
飬ûʲôܶϺͲ÷ĲϣǱЯġ
СеĻҲûʲôҪĵĵطԼͿˣҪҲˣҪ飬Ψһֱˣܹ֤ԼʼλǰС
˫Ժ˱ЯŸֲϣ뵽СС
ȻֵʱһϾܹܵеǿɭȻȻܽΪԼСӡǣɼȷף
СӡǣѾԽ弸ˣ
ȻֻԼܵ˾еȷеĸܵʲôĴڡ
ȻҲȥͣϾԼ飬޹ء
㶨ˡ
ţ΢̾˿Ҫλ˵Ǻȥǻ˲ٵʱ䡣
һ·ĸʱȥˣʱڣʵǺԣȴλ׵λ׵Ϊǿ屶֮ࡣ
Σս似Ȼ֮޽֮似ԲΣ޾Ʒ似սΪԡ
Ȼط֮˵ھ۷ľ磬ط꾵
һֶΣʮʩӸľͿЧΣʱܹΪʤĹؼ
֮⣬ľ־Ҳõ˴ĸʱ䣬ĽȷСҶԽϵ̫֮ʾĵһأʵЧΪ
˫ǣǺͷﵤǣм˫赲ȥ
˵Сֱ֮ӱеڲռ䣬Ȼ뿪˫
˫джݺȡϵ
ĸʱ䣬ݺ¸ŮһжѾ˺üѧԺʱŮжʱ򻹻һ
ôʱǺݺԼҲѾۼƵõһǧսŹѫʱûлѵ׼ºȥֵһͨơ
ҲЩżһͨƵĳ֣ʣ£ȴû㹻սŹѫ
ֻһ飬ϵǱߵûнʱҲûа취ȥѧԺսŹѫĻֻۣȻһˡ
Ŀ꣬սţһǺӡ
ûȥݺ¸Ů棬ΪڽһѧԺ߻һξģ̹
˫棬ҲûʲôҪȥԼæ꣬ĻܸŮȻһȥѧԺ
ϣȥ첻ʲô鷳ɡ
ţǼٷ˻ȥϣһʱӡǴȻʾһһѫ£ֱ˴󣬳ŵһǺӷѸٿ

ս彮ǱѾʶˣȷǵΣķٵĶĴУЩ壬Բ˿顣
һαս͵һεʱѾȻͬ
ڵıԼϵ죬һҪ;һǾͳ˧ɵϢ
̽ϢǲѣؼҪ죬ûôס
ͨʱӡǴ󣬽ߴ֮ڽ˵һǺӵϣǣߵһǺе
ģϣһǿߣһǺӶһ̵ıݣ
ģҲ֪ںδֻȵǴ컹ɵϢǲѡ񣬱Ͼ࣬ϢҲͿ϶Ϊͨ
ӦòжѰɡ
ţϾҪɣʲôҲʲôϢһ¶ԷϢӦûʲôѶȡ
ǲ֪Ƿϡ
Ͼ彮ߣսǳңսǰսţ󷽲̫Ҳ̫ͳ˧ء
ϣȱһҾ¥ȻȡһЩϹż̫żĵҩЩҩ˵㲻ʲôʵ̫Ķˡ
ЩҩóЩѰߣѰĴ׾ߣöԷ
Ͼ˭Ǯġ
Щҩʼھ¥д̽ϢֱӿʼɵϢӦûʲô̫ܵϵͬʱҲʲôϵ
ܿ죬ϢһȻˡ
ɣһǺдͳ˧λ˲ãԵ׾ţ˻ܹ׾ţӢ۰
ţǹϵǳõֵѣҲãϾǾͳ˧飬ǲ̫ͣӴ
Ǳ˵żڣŵһǺϣսϿأҪȥսС
ɣ˵սսƷʵǲզģ˵йصĴţкüÿһŶ˺޵ҧгݰ
ɣһǺ߻ģڣӦҲϣӻ幥ң׾ͳ˧ǰǰ߿ˡ
֪иţɡǷ˲ٷծ
̲ס룬Ѳ˸֮ĳԹǸŮйأ
ûжԴĲ²⣬ΪܿȻˣ֪ɺϵܺãͬʱЩҵġ
ʼδ벻ɾȻԼϵѡ
˿ԣȻǺܸߣվеģϾ˫սϵͳ˧໥ʶǿ϶ģֻû뵽ϵƺܺá
⵹Щˡ
ڣӦҪæɣһ棬Լϵȴɵֵܺѣ
Ҳ֪Ǳʲô
ܸɹͺõĻôҪζԸɲźã


1394 ս׷
õĹɺϢΪꡣ
ʱڣǲȥ⣬ϾܹɣԼսĶкܳʱ䡣
Ҫģȥҵ죬ѯһȻѧԺʵõ
ݺǱߴϢѾ̤뵽δ׵ΪˣٶȶǸͬġ
һ磬Ҳһ磬ٶȥĻٹһʱ䣬ݺҲܳΪ߶δ׵ǿˡ
ݺٶȣܿ죬ʵϣ֮ٶҲֻѡ
ݺҲ˶٣һ꣬ȴѾ߶δ׵ĳǿߣ߶δ׵Уλ۷С
ԣֳٶȣֻ˵ƽŰˡ
ڣٶȣ˵Ѿƫ˵ģȻż֮˵㹻ģҪĵģȫֻԼܷ֮Ȼǿ
йɵϢ֮󣬱һ̤뵽һǺӵսܲС
ܹУƾĶȻһѫ£ϢûдȥϾڱսϣסͷǼѾȥܾˣ˵Ľ㡣
뵽ߵսֱ֮ܲӳеĽǰУǰսȥѰ֮ǰ벹һԼҪԴ
һѫµԵʣĸʱڣȻʲôûÿ»ǻʮսŹѫܹսŹѫ
ЩսŹѫһɴ֮ĻܹԳһλ׵磬ĸʱҲѾյ㹻ˣ磬ʲô·;ϵ
һʱ䣬ʵǳѸ٣ȴȽΪһֱĻۣʱȫʵõ˾ʽ
˽ֱ֮ӱ˴֮Ľ׵ص㣬ʼѡһЩ쾧Ĵ֮
սŹѫҪѡƷȽϸߵ쾧֮ǱȽѵģҪλλףҪĴ֮Ҳرࡣ
սŹѫֻܶһһö쾧ƷĴ֮Ҫ磬ǲ˵㣬ҵǿóн
ţ֮ǰӶһԶżõĲٲϣûнսܲ
ڣ㽫в̫Ĳϣȡ˳ҪսŹѫٵŪԼ쾧֮С
ЩֵΪ󣬵ʱûóΪЩʬǣ㹻һǺչҪԴˡ
Щúˡ
вϣԽȥսʲôģһҲòôࡣ
Ҫ֪ӵеģǴӶһĹеõϣǼ̳֮еĲϣȫһʵ̫ˡ
ֻҪһеʮ֮һܹȡһǧսŹѫö֮ӶеĴ֮硣
ҪĻǲҪһЩϡвϣϾЩ֮ףԺҪĻٳȻϲ١
ԼΪҪĻ̤λ׵ľ硣

ȵսܲгѾһԼҪĶö쾧ƷĴ֮̺Ĵ֮㹻λ׵ĲΣ
ȥĿ꣬һȥսѰ죬һԼ磬߻ͻͬʱС
뿪ս֮ܲҵʱӡǴ󣬲ϳս͹ȥ
֮ǰսܲУѾһЩϢսϣս׷ף˫սߵķźܶ
һʱ䣬˫սݱĳʼһϵеĹսھͱָǸУĳķ
ҪϵǸսݣҪʮʱ䡣
ʱ䣬㹻յö쾧Ʒ֮ȻԼλ׵硣
ȣͨʱӡǴ󣬴ΣֱӴӵһǺӵǣ͵˵һǺӵıԵ
ǰս׷׵սʱӡǴֻͣܶһɹȥ
صеڲռУСǰУͨմԽֶΣǰٶȵҲǳԽࡣ
٣ѰĵͶδףʱǰٶȶȲҪ֪пɲѰսϼ京е̫ƷǱ̫¯Ĵڣ
еڲռ쾧֮ԼС磬СӷԲĴС𽥳ŷԲ￿
λ׺λףҪСĽСɴ˴ľ˫Ĳ
ǰй̵УԼȫ˼մ֮ϣСǲϾΧϾƬѾսΪҵۺʱεأпܻһЩߡ
Ƭڣر׳ֻļһһľǲݵĽʵڲǶҲԳܡ
ʵڲǶֵ£пܶġ
ƬУвǰУ뵽սУСͲϸܵΧռƮŵĻϢ
ϢС˵ǱȽеģ׾ܸолֵĻСܹġ
ڸС˼ȻȫȫĹУһСǱ߷Ҳ̾ѹ
ս׷׵սϣŵϢɢɼЩطǰ壬սʿ
Ϣ鲼ƬսϣС鶼̲סܵȾֱ׳顣
˭˵أ¶ĸо
;ɶ飬ƬսнѲɨһֵĻ壬ɱܻȥñȽϸ߰ꡣ
ЩɵĶ飬ʱ򻹻еǵˣǷϴĲǻԵ֪ⲻǻĶ
ͱЩ壬иص㣬киܹԵ
̫УһѣֱӾˮϵ̫֮߻ϵ̫֮ȺȽϵһ
ⲢЩڵһķ棬ųľͨ
в룬սɱϢȶ֡
ʱȥڲռڵõһεͻƣ


1395 ս
λ׵λףм˴µʱ䣬˵㹻Ϥ͸ˣٵôﵽָʹĵزܼ
ڣ̤뵽λף׵ľҲֻһ֮ң
ٶȣȻЩ˵㲻ж죬ǶԾ˵ȴѾ󼰵ٶˡ
ٴ
̤뵽λе仯ʵۺսͬʱ˵Ϊȫġ
С磬Ѿŵ˷Բĳ̶ȣҪ̤뵽׵ľ磬ٵýСŵ
ʱڣҪͻƵһδûʲôܵģ˵˵ûʲôƿСҪĴ֮Ҫλ׵λ׵ʱʮ
ףʱȲȥ롣
Լƻἱɣ̤λ׵Ѱδףδף̫Ƶġ
ս治ǾûҪȡ
οû㹻սŹѫȥһ㹻Ĵ֮̫żĻԼҲҪĶòʧ
ڣķ滹кܶ࣬һʱ֮䣬ҲûʲôʱȥרЩ
սϴУܿ죬ֹ˼ʱ䣬ǰսϢŨأĺüսݣҲڳǰ
ߺ߾ͱ洦ɼˣΧʱߴսн
⸽ͲһǱָɵ³
طĲԶսУлսݣڸߵսݻš
ΣͲ֪ˣΪѰԼϵ죬սرġ
ϾֽսѾ˼ʮˣһʱҲ̫ܻʲô̫ı仯
ѡһսݣֱ˹ȥһѫΪ֤ͨɱܽС
һսݣ֪뵽һսȥѯһԱ
һѫµȨޣѯһͳ˧ȥҪȫܱܾ
ܿ죬̤뵽սݵڲǰ˵ģ䣬Ļ˳ֽӸ񣬿˳̵սŹѫҪײҪ
ʣͳ˧ںδ
ĹȻʾһһѫ£ֱ˵ʳԼ⡣
⣬ùǼսԱ̧ͷһۡ
Ǽһѫµʱɫ΢˱䣬ȻһɫЩصĶ˵ͳ˧սˣһʱǣ
еҪʡ
ֻô˵ţѲɻ˵ʧɢĶӲɣ
ԭô˵Ҫôһͳ˧ҪôǰսƬ򡣡
ɨһȻ˵磬ҽ㻹Ⱥɣͳ˧ǸӦûͦʱ䣬ΣԺܸߣǹȥΣա
ҲǺ⣬ɲϲɵŵˡ
޷ȥʲôطˣҿԳԹȥҵġ
ЦһЦ˵
ȷ
ǹԱɫ΢䡣
š
ͷ񶼼ʶˣʲôµģ
Եȣﻹи񣬸ͳ˧ǱߵЩϵҪȥĻұ㽫񽻸ˣȻƾһ˿϶ǲģҵһЩǿͬС
ʼպܻʵϾλ׵磬һ£ȷɲɴײܸ㶨ս
ĺˣа취ġ
뵽ԼСУи߶δ۷״̬أͲʲôٴ֣ҪȻĻ˵ȫǵġ
ȻˣӺöɡ
˼˼֣Ҳûж˵ʲôô˵˵ֵģ֪˸񶼶ŹҲûжˡ
ս򣬿ɲʲô˶ܹܵģҲӵѫµǿߣʸȡ
õ֮󣬱㳯һۣеݺܼ򵥣ǾǾԮ
˵һ׾ţĳطסˣ޷ͻΧҪȥڸһʱշöԷֱܹӴͳ
ս˵򵥾ͺܼ򵥣ֻҪмصķ׾űΧĸʱշ󣬶Էܹѭ
Ҫ˵ȴҲѣΪ׾űΧĵطλսȽĵطǸʱпľϮ
⣬׾űΧĵط;ͳ˧ڵصĲԶ
ҪĻȰ׾žȳȻٸ׾ȥһҵ졣
˵ڼսʱȥƺ̫ãΪ׾ͳ˧䱾һֱڲսĹС
ҪȶԷʱǿ϶ȲģֻԼȥѰˡ
ս֮󣬱뿪սݣսǰУеڲռ䣬Сǰ
õУȻ׾űΧĵطȴֱӴ͹ȥֻԼȥ
սʱմǲ㶯õģҪȻ֮ѰԼߵ˵Ŀռ꣬ӶԷĳֶιռ֮ġ
ҲֻСǰС
ڣȫˮϵ̫֮ԭʼʱմԽһӾ˲Ƴʮľ롣
ת˲Ѿ˲Ƴľ룬뵽սΣķһһΣ
ľţһпܳǰĸ򣬶ǰȫĵطʱпðһ
Լսص㣬д·̣ʱ䣬ٵΣǼ޴ģһСľпܱסսС
У⻹õҪǻˣҪϵǸ׾űΧĵط͵ûʱ䣬;˵©ʧܡ
ϾҪû֪սôͲпɳ֮
ϳǰǰ뵽սУڽȥһʱ֮ڣ˺ü壬ȫðŻһоҪɱ
Сÿ죬һΧ̾ʹ߶ˮϵ̫֮ʩչմԽ뿪ԭء
һֻҪ̫ǿĶ֣кֱܹӱܿöԷòйԼκϢ
˼ʱ֮󣬻ʣһ·̣ܹ׾űΧĵص㸽
Ҳʱ鷳ڵˡ


1396 Ѹնɱ
׾űΧĵص㻹ʣһ·̵ʱ⵽⡣
ǰһռϣһռϸżΪĻ·ȻǵĿռϣǻռϣ
ĿռϣԾ֮ͨҲֻܹ߽еĿռģ޷Ըǻġ
һЩǲռϣ߶δײεǿʩչ۳ģҪǴеĻֻзһ³
Ҳ˵û취ͨǲռϣǰˡ
սҪĲʱմͷ룬ʣ´Űľ룬ξ룬ζͨҪȻĻս޷ɡ
Ȼ巽Ҳ뵽ǽ׾ΧȻ뵽ԮΧһռϣֹܹߣЯͷвá
ֻеǿߣпͨһռϣ
˵ϲؼѵ㣬ϾʩչӰ֮ͨԿܷͨαװƭͨǲϡ
ؼǣռϸǰʱһӾ˸һȺע
Ⱥ壬ΪܸߣӦĳ׾ŵСֶӣΪ׵Ļӵһδ׵Ϊ壬λ׻λ׵ʵ
Ǹһδ׵Ļ֮⣬ܹʮͷ壬׷׳ڴ˹
ǵ񣬱ҪκĴͨϣڳһУߵϢȻܵ
С鱾׼ܵģȴܵĴ㡣
ΪԵģռϵΧȫɢĻ壬һܣܹܵõҲΧ׷½ء
ϾҪܣֻܿһƬ򣬴Ӷͨռϰˡ
ˣȻսŽսͲˡ
οԷһ壬һǶ֡
պλ׵ĲΣֶҲõǿûʲôս
ڣʱһˡ
ǰϢȥ֮ǰȫ
ţ͸ɱ֮ɫ
ȻڶȺ˵ȫֻǸͲ˵ļһгһλ׵ߣҲܱԷ
ʣԷԻΪƾôܹɽɵԾͲϢȥ
ҪľЧ
ǵԤϣѸնɱֻҪٶȿ죬ǽûκεԮĻᣡ
һͷһδ׵Ļ壬ͷλףͷλףСֶʵ˵Ƿǳġ
ҲҪĶĥһԼ
Ⱥֱӳڴ͵ĻǵضͬʱֿռֱӽиĿռ䶼ס
ʩչѰֶεĻǲͻǿռܵˣ˵ԷһʼûдܵĻᡣ
Щ壬ûдʲôֵ˼ȫٶȽиɵ
С飬ᣬʼ
һֱзǿֶΣᣡ
ˮϵ̫֮ʼʮͷۣ֮˲㱬γһƬˮϵ̫֮ӿУ
һӿеĳֱ֣Ⱥ峯ΧɢȥǶ̺ܵĿֲȻȥ
˵ģԿĻڵȥĺ
ȺǿĻȻ͸ˡ
ʩչᣬѹʲôˣϾԷɵȴˮϵ̫֮۱
ȻӿʼֻҪʱ䣬ȴҲѾ㹻Щ׷ױܿˡ
ҪľЧ
ۣʽδȺѾɢȥҲʱ֡
׼һͷλףһܶ

սУ
ʩչսԲֶΣͬһӰ˲㵽ͷλԡ
սȭڣ
뿪ڲռ֮ǰѾʩչ˿ʮĿս
ڣ䲻һȭȭͷֱͷλ׵ϣһȭɢλףʱͱһȭ䱬αɢ
һĻͻһ㷴ӦûУĿսмʩչৡһ±㵽һͷλԡ
һȭһΣͷλȴǷӦ˹Ͼսģ˭ʡ͵ĵơ
һϣֱӸͷλ࣬Χռе¶˲伱Ƭռ۳һ¯
˵ȴ첻κвпսĴǿȣԱȵЩΡδ׵ĳ̶ȡ
¶ߣκβ
෴һȭսȭαƻһȭǻλ׵ĻֱӺ顣
ţսĽǻλ׵ϣ䳹˺飡
һ˲ʱ䣬ͽͷλףʱҲ׷׷Ӧ˹ҪΧ
ϧǣһʼبյУʱ˿ڱǿƻһɢϮһЩ׷׸ϡ
ֱܹӹģҲֻͷλס
ͷλףʱ˿̱ûǵһʱ䳯Χп趯ҪγɺüС̫
սУ
սȭڣ
˸Էٶȣһһͷλԣһȭս֮ǻڣֱӺ顣
ſսƵĲϵӣȫˣʩչսֶεƻҲ
һȭȥͬλ׸ܲס˲ķѣҽɢ޾յС
棬ںϣȻʱֱӴ߶սϣĸκβ
սپ
ɱӣȭͷ£ͬһдУЯſսƣ·һս񣬶̶ʱ䣬߷ͷλȫɵûκЧֿ
һĻʣµǼͷȫЩ
ͷһδ׵Ļ壬ЩˣϾҪ׾ٵĽԼĸλ׵Ĳ£ҲǸġ
ףǰߣеţ
ӣ
ȽϢͳȥΧ
һ̾Ҫ˵ͷ
ͷһ𣬾ͷԼͻȻˣǰȻһ䡪ԼȻǰ
޽֮աƣ
ȫĸ֣޽ֱ֮ʩչ


1397 Ѳ߾Ӣ
һδףֱֵӱԾ۵֮סȻĸǰ
Ҫ˴뵽ӵֶΣ
ûӦʩչ޽֮յĵڶպ͵գ̺Ÿʴ֮ʾģ˲뵽ڣ
޽֮յĵգܹƿպֵڣ֮ǰ似Ͽվɱ
һ䲻ʩչһδ׾Ļ壬һܵش
Ҫǣ׵ǳǿȲǿȣһ޽֮ƿգֱӽˡ
ţûκԥʩչԼĵڰ֮ͨ
ǻһδ׻ûʣ»мͷλףһˡ
֣֮ʱһճ֮ɢʣµĻ嶼Уͷһδף޷Ѿ֮
ţ֮ɢʾģ㽫Щһһ˲飬ֲĸʴ
ʱЩ׷ױ֮򳹵˺Ȼ󱻾֮ȫյкܿʲôӰӶʣˡ
ˣЩĻϢ֮򳹵գ
֮ǰˣ֮ͨʱڲ̫εҪͷһδףλףûɵ֮ڲȥֻԾ֮Ǹ˺նɱˡ
ͷһδ֮־֮Ȼһõǿ
ʵϣ֮ǰһʱڣһֱÿһʱȥһСеı壬ôһʱҲþ֮˴ǧ֮һĳ̶ȡ
ǧ֮һʵ㲻ʲô
ڣ־֮ͷһδ֮һӾǧ֮һ൱֮ǰæµЧܺͣ
ǰһ
֪ܹ֮߶һܹһεĻȥʱܷɵǸǿĶ֣߶δףô֮ø죡
ţʱʱҪþ̫֮ǲܵˣҪ޼ɵɱ壬ֻܵȵٴﵽĶδײС
ǸʱӦܹԸѰ߶δˣѰһЩ߶δ׽ɣٶȽࡣ
ڣѾлȫûиǽϢݳȥĻᡣ
ûκλ֪ķѾ
ʱֱӳǰǲռϷȥȻڿǲϵʱֱʩչӰ֮ͨ
һ˲䣬αװǲռһģһȻǲ͸ȥ
ʣͨȫֶΣǻ߶δֲóĻռϣɴ˹ȥ
Ӱ֮飬ܹαװκδڣһ磬һˮһ̫֮ȵȵȵȣܻޡ
ֶΣϣҲڲͬڡ
е㵣ģϾռ߶δʩչģܹͨҲһܹ֪Ҳᱻ
ܿףԼǰװ׵ˣռϣûдκζûиκηĻᣡ
ֱռϣûκλ巢ϢͲҴҡڵǰˡ
ޣ
һ˱ʩչӰ֮飬ȫޣһ޿ռгŸǰ
벼ôͷλãŻʣһ·̣ҪԭֲܼôãϾҪĵʵ̫ˡ
ھͲһˡ
λ׵磬ֱӱ֮ǰλ׵ʱʮ
ʱֻܼһʱĻڵȻֻܹ޴ﵽһʱ䡣
ֻҪͷóΧ׾űѸٸϵʱ뿪ˣҲҪܡ
޿ռвǰУƬڣ鲼ŻѲСӣڶԷֲ״̬µҪȻĻⲻҪһһĶս
ǿлŵ£һˣҲܼ̫õʱ䣬ֻ޶ȵȻȰս㶨˵
һʱ
;ѾüӢѲСӣЩѲ߾ӢÿһͷδϵĴڣκһͷĻܹѹסġ
ԷԻɱҪɱԷҲǼΪѡ
ûȥЩѲ߾ӢǺܿ쵽ԤλϣԤλϸպлľӢѲСѲš
ֻһԵȴѲСӲһֱͣһط
ʱ䣬Щݽߣȡһö̫żҩָһܹʱʱ䡣
ʱһһεĹȥսޣʣʱ䣬ޣűΧ׾žͻᱻȫˡ
ΪˣսҪǿ߹ɣ֮սŵԱԸ⽫񽻸ȫΪӵһѫ¡
ͬҲʵ
ʣˣٶȸ߱Χ׾ţӦûڼֵĹ̵С
ǲ֪ǰǸľӢѲСҪ⸽á
һԵȴƬ̣ȴǾӢѲСӵͷ壬Ȼһ㶼ûжפطһ
ͷδףֱǰһƬ໥֮乹һε״
ǻӰûûнţͬһػһƬյУδ׵ǿʵϢ֡
ͷѲ߾Ӣ뿪Ļô޷طôͷġ
ǣֲ֪⴫ͷǷܹõĵطܵĻ鵹Ǻðˣ㵽һңûѲ߾ﲼþͺˡ
⴫ͷҲò̫ʱ䣬һʱ㹻ˣֻҪ߶Ϳˣ̺㹻ˮϵ̫֮Զһͷ
ڴͷ󱻲õʱǾԲܹƻģҪȻĻһжǰ
Ҫôҵطȷҵطвеʱʣµİ취ֻˡ
һǵȴͷѲ߾Ӣ뿪Ƭ򣬵취ЩףΪڵȴĹУÿһʱ̶׾ŵĳԱĻɱ
ôͷ󣬱ԽԽá
ڶ취ǽͷѲ߾ӢȫɵΪɴֻλ׵磬Ҫͬʱɵͷδ׵Ļ壬Ѷʵ̫ˡ
취֮⣬뵽һ취취ʵʩЩӣȴпܳɹİ취


1398 ɽ
İ취ȻҪͷѲ߾Ӣ
ʲôطֻҪܹһʱ䣬㹻ʱѴͷóˡ
ҪͷѲ߾Ӣɲһ׵飬ٶڵ˵̫һЩ
ֶַΣͷѲ߾ӢһӾŪˣ𲻵á
һˡ
Բʮ֮ڣֻͷѲ߾ӢʱڣҲע
ӦͷѲ߾Ӣܹ֪ķΧǷԲʮĳ̶ȣΧûаѲ߾Ӣ
˼ţܿ˾ȥ
С飬ǰ֮⣡
һ߸С齻ţһ߱Ż޵״̬źߣԷĸ֪̽ⷶΧʮôֻҪС֮⣬ܹͷѲ߾Ӣע⡣
Ĵܼ򵥣ͷѲ߾Ӣڷ֮ѡɳȥļƻɹ
ȣԷ޶ԣϾ̺֮ˮϵ̫֮ǿôͷ
ԣͷѲ߾Ӣضеһ̽
һͷѲ߾Ӣôܹڰ·нɵƾǺѽδ׾Ļɵģһԡ
ͷѲ߾Ӣ̽飬СסǣԼǰôͷ󴦣ʣһͷѲ߾Ӣɵ
ʲôֻҪһͷѲ߾ӢеôģٿԳԽԷסȻûóͷ
ʱ䲻࣬ûʱϸϸǡ
˵֮⣬Ȼд޿ռгɢһˮϵ̫֮
ͷѲ߾ӢӦѾеĴڣʱ㳯ԼʩչһоƿأǿԼʮĸ֪Լܹ̽⵽Χʮڵ
ʶ֪ǿҲ˲٣Ƭ޿ռУ֪̽ķΧǼΪġ
Ȼͷ֣ͷѲ߾ӢȻǸܵеĴڣȻǲһͷ߸˹ֻҪһʱܸϵˡ
ȻֻһͷǾڰ;ɱ
ɱ˸зֿԻǰһӣ˾һҵĵط
Է·о˿֪һ
䲻£ռսƣڽȥô򣬾͵ÿѲ߾Ӣֶжˡ
˵һѲߣرģٶȿ죬֪ǿսô
ΪˣҪһһͷԡ
Էɹٶȼ죬ͨռԽֶιԾƿصֶΣ̽˶ԷռԽٶȡƵʺ;룬΢һԼĵص㡣
Ȼ󣬾ͿʼȴԷ
žڴʱ󣬻Ѳ߾ӢԽԽ
鼫Ϊƽ飬ǰĴʵ̫ˣൽƲеκһ˿
Ψһĵľǣδ׵ĻѲ߾ӢȽǿƣսĻпܲǶ֡
Ҫ֪Ѳ߾ӢһѰߣҲҲǻ嵱еţǻţܹԽս֣ôսἫΪ
ȻһͷŵĿԲΪôܳ
֮쳣ʱ򣬱ɳļһһ㶼ûõļһ
ˡ֣
һ̣ͷѲ߾ӢȻͬԤϵһ㣬ص롣
νʵҲû׼ʲôֶΣҪ֪巨֮ĶɵģǾңԶùҲпܱԷ֡
ԣֱӶߣޣȴŶԷֵʱ򣬸Էһ͵ģ
ɱɱ
ûκ̽ԥֱӾԼǿֶʩչ
صĹؼʱ̣ŲȥԷʲô̽İϷϾʵǱȶԷ̫࣬һʼ͵춨ƵĻսпܾͱԷǣűˡ
ɱ֣ޡȪ˲ӿ۳䲻Ľͷδ׾ĻѲ߾ӢУ
ֲʴ֮ʼǻѲ߾ӢɱʴԷڣ
ͷδ׾ĻѲ߾Ӣȫû뵽ҪԼûܹ֡
ǱǿĴڣǸҪֱӶԸˣǱĴڣƾʶ֪ûɷֲ˵ġ
Ʋ⣬ͷѲ߾ӢһӾֶ֪ηǳһСطĿҲȻҵˡ
ɱȪƽѲ߾ӢУһﵹҲӦ죬һӱ㱬˿͵ĻҪɱɵܽ
ʩչֶͨΣ˵ͱԷƵˣɱ·ҪԷĻڻһ
ʱѹ󣬶ԷĻҪǿ˽ٱҪʤǿûôס
ڣɱǹǲôĻԷһʱ֮䶼޷ƿ
ǱȽģһɱбɱ֮
޽֮աƣ
һָһգһգûͷֱ˵գƿɱУ
ʾ۵δ֣˲뵽ͷѲ߾ӢڣȻʴƿͬʱ
δ׾ĻѲ߾ӢǺǿ޽֮յĵգֱӺԷĵĵط׶ԸľȽĴˡ
һ޽֮ƿȥͷѲ߾Ӣֱܵشģ嵤ڣɺ˴룡
ԭɱǿɱУҲһУͷѲ߾Ӣעȫס
Ͼ˿ֲɱУڹⱲӶûȻΪԼвֶΡ
Ȼ£ɱ޷Է׻ɱֻܹ΢ԷסƬ̡
ʱܽԷɵôľˡ
ڣ޽֮յյֶμΪǿᣬһӱ㴩͸Է˶Էĵ֮Դ
Էڣ嵤ĵط⵽ƻشʵ˲ͽ䵽ĵز
򣡡
ʱʤѶҪľǷֹԷϢȥոֶεϢҲһʱĿסûܹﵽԶȥ
ƣɱ
뵽УȻ߶ƣشĻѲ߾Ӣתȥ


1399 ɨϰ
ȻԷѾܵشû˿⡣
ɲ﷭ϾԷǣ⵽ƻ˵ҲܱһпѡԱʲôģôñ֤Լİȫ
޾Ʒս߶ϣʹóǿԶǿȡ
㼫תһֱͷѲ߾ӢϮȥ
ǻѲ߾Ӣһ߶Ըɱһ߱޽֮شģʱ˿̣ûʲôκζء
ȻǻѲ߾ӢҪԱֻϧĶشԱ
һ̣缫ٳǻѲ߾Ӣ䣬ѳң
ڽһ
վڲռ䣬˿ҲʱоԼ֮䣬ƺ˸εĽ͹ͨ
оһⲻǵϵ˫εָо
ѵ˵Լڸϵ˫ˣ
֮ǰʱһֱϵ֮ʼṳ̂˫һڣֺɱһͷѲ߾Ӣ֮ؼһ
֮ϵԽԽܣ͸оĳʶڵ
ԭ˫ʶɢˡ
Ըַȫ޸ȫ͸ʱͬһս˫֮ʶȻҲԭǸ
оʶڿȷԼϵ˫ĲΡ
˵һϣȫֻһͨսˣΪʲôܹͻȻϵ˫Σֻ˵̫̫ˣһֱû
ôʱĺ˳Ч
˫ľ
Լ˫֮ı仯ܿͲʩչһµֶΣľ
һֶΣƺǿٻһЩľս˵һٻֶΡ
У˫ᣬгǿֶΡľҲʲô򵥵ֶΣ
ţЩڴѾһͷѲ߾Ӣ㳢һ¾ľҲ˶ʱ䡣
ңϵ˫֮󣬾ǿǿƵƻҲܱĻ͸ǿˡ
ھڸ£ֱӴ߶˾ľȻ㷢֣֮еÿһУһЩ˾ĺڰ
ЩڰǸι״壬һɫ̺ʾΪ綼УҲһһͬ
磬һ£ڲһЩ⾧ģĺڰģ͸һģһֻȫ˺ɫģ̺ž
Щڰģͬ壬ͬ״Ļ壬ͬľȵȡ
ԭľǽеЩ壬תΪڰΪã
кܿһֶεЧΣΪ˷ܡ
Ϊ߶ľٻЩڰǸһ磬λףԼһЩλ׺λס
һδףһЩٻ
ЩڰԭУѾȫС
ľܽȥԾƾʵֻٻͷδ׵塣
ͷδ׵壬壬壬壬壬ľ壬壬պ壬ÿ嶼ٻһͷ
Ϊ˷ܣͷδ׵ĺڰʣͷѲ߾Ӣȫˡ
ľĳ֣˵˵һһӽǰ֮ǰѧһеĻ͸ҪõɽļƲˡ
ͷѲ߾Ӣþľܹ
ˣɵ֪ľٻĺڰһȥ޷ǣڱٻĺڰѾȫĺڰԺҪٻ࣬ӡһЩڡ
ոյʶѹʶͦĵģЩֱӸ
ӶԷһЩеÿսʶԸҲһ
еʶС飬ǱȽ׺ģʶԵЩŰ塣
⵹ûйϵ˫ʶǸȫںһģ˵һ֣ûбҪȥʶԸ֮Ķ
ţ֪ˡ
˵ͷףԭе嶼ˣЩʧ
ͷδ׵תɵĺڰ㹻Ŀǰٵˡ
ľӡ
һȻ㳯ŷűƺĻѲ߾Ӣ˾ľ
һڰٿȻֱӽͷδ׾ĻѲ߾Ӣ;궼ӡڲ
һԺʩչľͷѲ߾ӢתΪڰΪԼã
һǳɣ˿û˷ʱ䣬СȺ˻Ȼ˳һսۼ»ޣǷôȥ
ʣͷѲ߾ӢʱǸɵˣ
һ·ͷͷѲ߾ӢûʶǲǸѾɵˣһڳǿ
ܿ죬»صͷѲ߾ӢʮﷶΧڣڻ޵£ԷĴڡ
ûκԥͻȻȻ˲佫пռ䶼εöԷ޷Ԯźţ
ţͷδ׾ڰͷųԳͷѲ߾Ӣɱȥ
ʾģڳвϱɢɱһӾͽͷѲ߾Ӣ˻ҿ񱩵Ĺ֮С
ͬʱλסλףȽϵ͵ڰͷѲ߾ӢΧȥֹԷκܵĿԡ
Ͼصͷ壬һ֮ǰͷҲһЩֶΣò
ҪȻһκͻᵼжǰ
ڰƾճ֣ͷѲ߾Ӣһӱʮֵľ񣬻ķ׷ױ
һͷѲ߾Ӣһžͻ˲ſ塢ľͷڰС
޾似
һӿͷѲ߾Ӣʩչ޾似һֱӱ˰˱
ԭϾв࣬ټ޾似˱ǻľͷڰʱͳܲסˡ
Ȼͷڰӵжδ׵Ϊȴǰ似ȵֶΣս±Ѱδ׻Ҫ硣
ŻѲ߾ӢԸڰʱڶˣ


1400 ÷
ûָͷδ׾ĺڰȥԸѲ߾Ӣ׼ȶԷעʱԶ֣
֮򣡡
ֱӴ߶ڰͨڵľɵ壬յУɢһճ֮һͷѲ߾Ӣסˡ
ͷѲ߾ӢոʩչֶΣ޾似İ˱ٻͷڰɵ
ĳ֣Ѳ߾Ӣȫûκ׼
֮һֱ㽫סȻһ̧֣޽֮ʩչʾ۶ɵֱ֣֮ӴԽƿգϮ˻Ѳ߾Ӣڣ
ؼģֱӺƬ
ľգ
߶ֱշӡͷѲ߾ӢӶԼպܹٻ仯ɵĺڰ
ţûκͣЪʣкڰﶼȥΧһͷѲ߾ӢϾڶ࣬ʣͷѲ߾ӢҲǼֲ˶ˡ
Ȼһʱɱ˺üͷڰֻһδףλסλ׵ĺڰͷδ׵ĺڰڽڱƽѾǻѲ߾ӢΧ
Żعͷٴʩչ޽֮գֲĴ͸ǻѲ߾Ӣĺ顣
ˣͷѲ߾Ӣȫɵòˣڸϵ˫Σ˾ľֶΣû취ôѸٵĽȺɵ
ڣɲӦøпʱ
Ѳߣ䡣
ѾͷѲ߾ӢĻʶȫշӡУԱպתΪڰ
ȻڰɢȥĴ䣬Լڲ÷ĵص㣬ȡöս
ֱӴ߶ֶḶ̌öб㲻ӿֳһˮϵ̫֮ǰȻȻĹһĳΡ
󣬵Ȼһͷ󣬲ȴֻǵĽշҲ˵ֻܹñ˴͹ȴ޷ߡ
ͷ󣬾ӦǸΧڸ׾ţԲҪߵĹܣֻҪܽվˡ
ĲãҪһʱ䡣
ʱڣסκλͻƹڲеĴͷƻˡ
һʱ䣬˵˵ȴҲ̡
رǣɵͷѲ߾ӢΧѲ߾ӢڵĻпʲôֶβӶϹɧš
Σش˵أ
ôлϹˣ
ſʼ÷һ͵õֵºڰϢӲԶȻѾͷѲ߾ӢڷɹҺǷߵ쳣ȻٶȻӿ죡
С飬ŷҹȥǡ
ûκԥػͷȻ߶򣬽ڲеĴͷ󸽽һȫڡ
һͲʲôֱӴ͵ͷ󸽽ˣٻᱻǣܳһʱ䡣
㻺ʱ䣬ͷóɹĿԴӣ
ΧкڰھѲߣȦкλзأһʱûġ
ǵģǾӻѲ߾Ӣʱ䣬˵ҪܽѲ߾Ӣɵ
ڱֵĻѲ߾Ӣ뻹дһ㹻ʱ·
Ч²ôãһζԷͷѲ߾Ӣһ·ζԷѾߵ˾ûôΪִٶ¶
ͷδ׵ĺڰҹȥǣסһͷ
սƻȻ̳
ͷͬתɵĺڰͷѲ߾ӢķѸǰУǻޣ
ʼʩҲ֪λܲյϻЧ
ôһԡ
ڲͷѲ߾ӢҪܸɵ͸ɵôҲһ¶ԷĲʱ䡣
ܿ죬ͷڰͷѲ߾Ӣ̱ӣ˫´սһڶԷѾ׼ζΪѸ١
ֻһ棬ͱתΪĺڰͱԷԻΧ֣Ȼ󳹵ȼ˻ҽ
ûзӦԷǿֶξѾɵͷڰ
ţȻ֣ûһ˿˿ԥ˲ٻͷ֣ͬʱ۳һٸĹŲӰ
ÿһĹŲӰֻӵһ֮ˣҪסԷעҲ㹻ˡ
ͷ֣һֱ㳯ͷѲ߾ӢʩչĵնŨĻ֮Ȼ޷ԷȴҲöԷľһ˲Ļ㱡
ҲʱһٸĹŲӰ׷ʩչϢֶΣһٵϢ֮˲ͷѲ߾Ӣϣ
ĹŲӰʩչֶΣǲģرѲ߾Ӣ֮䱾źܴΪࡣ
ԣĹŲӰһٵϢܽԷɵشԷġ
Ҫģһ»Ѳ߾ӢעȻԼһɱ
ɱ޽֮գ
ۿŶԷעȫ˼˷ЩϢϣԥ֣ɱȻ޽֮գֶͬʱ֣л
ֻƬ̣ͷѲ߾ӢֱشûӦͷѲ߾ӢȫðĻ棡
ĻȼѲ߾ӢܵĴһӱת˹ȻⲻǶԷطһͨ߾һ󡭡
ʲôֶΣؼǣԷȻֱӾȫָˣ
һݣ֪ҪոԸ֣ûֿܵˡ
֮򣡡
ЩĹŲӰֺͷֱٻڰͨھ֣֮ճƵľ㳯ͷѲ߾Ӣӿȥ
֮ĲǿȾԲϾǾĽ֮Ĳ
ʱ˿֣֮̾һӼͷѲ߾ӢһжҲ˵ھ֮Ӱ£ͷѲ߾ӢʩչʲôֶΣٶȶ½һ룡
սУ
սȭڣ
ȫ˿սϣȻ˼һͷѲ߾ӢȻһȭ
״θδײεĻͻҲðգʵû취ˡ
ɱ޽֮գ޷ⶫŪһεĻԷ˾ֻյ͵Ч
ԣҪһɵĻֻʣӲƴһ;
ǲܽԷŪģȴʮԼӵеֶΡ
ǰսûеޡ
ڣҪԼֽܲԲеսʽԶԼĶָɵ
սģȫͬȭͷͷѲ߾Ӣ֮ʱȫսѾ߱
֮ϣһȼ絽ϣȻ˲䱬˶У


1401 ս
Ѳ߾ӢȫıУ¶Ƚֱӱմ
ǿȣﲻδ׵Ĺĳ̶ȣȴҲ˾ͱɱ
սȭڣ
ȫյýڣȴûκ֮⣬ȭͷȥսȻͷѲ߾Ӣϡ
ʼͷ嵥ʣµͷδ׵ĺڰ߰ͷһδ׵ĺڰһһͷסȡʱ䡣
̶ʱڣֱӳͷȭĿսƣ֮ǰĿĿսѾõʮ
ոοսȭڣҲһȭһȭǿᣬȴ޷ǻʲô˺
ͬʱͷѲ߾ӢȻܶʱӦһͨס
ǿȻոѾشһΣͨȻ޷ֵġ
ȴŲæʩչӰֶ֮Σֱ뵽˶ԷĻУ
ţһԵУһϢһߴ߶ħ֮ģʼԼˡ
ȻأոܵҲֻƤˣδ˽ǣħ֮ĵֻǼʱͳ׻ָ˹
ţ޿ռѳսм׷ͷѲ߾Ӣսȭͷϣսȭڡ
һĿսƲϵӣϿЧĹԽԽǿ
ʱ˿̣һȭͷѲ߾Ӣܵһ˿в
Ѳ߾ӢԭΪոһͨܽɵˣȴû뵽˼ֲ֪ĸطQˡ
ͷѲ߾ӢҪûͻƹȥڲõĴͷƻȴû뵽˳ҳһȭȥ
սģֱǰҪӳսĵҪľơ
ȭȥûܹ˺ԷսƵӵ˸߲
ǻѲ߾ӢٴγûʲôշӦͱȭһ̱ŭɶȫ汬γⲨһһҽС
ⲨƻΪֲ
ŸոȭͷҪŶԷȥһȺͰˣڶԷⲨгױ
ȭȴȥսƼӣ
Ӱ֮飡
ԼоԼ޳ܣȻһȺͰ˱ԷⲨ̾ʩչӰ֮飬㵽޿ռУޣԷҲ޷ô
һħ֮ٴδ߶ѸٻָԼƻ
ǻѲ߾Ӣ״Ȼ֣벻ͨȥĶʶ֪Բȴ޷޵ڡ
ˣҪٴ͵Ϯֻܴ߶֮ˡ
ϧǣ֮ҪݳڣҪһʱģʱ䣬㹻ܵƸȫָ
ǣǻѲ߾ӢλãѾȫָ˹ս˲ɵǰһȭͷ
ʮĿսƣһȭѾͷѲ߾Ӣ㹻в
һȭȥԷûܷӦȻ߶һϣȴһȭŵڶȭֱӽѲ߾Ӣҷɣ
ʩչֶΣֽİ취𽥵ĿսƣȭȥսƵӵ˵ʮ㣬ϿЧҲ˵ƽʱʩչսȭڵǿ˶ʮ
Ͼо֮һǣͷѲ߾Ӣжʩչֶεٶһ룬ҪȻĻʱ˿Ѿˡ
һߣڰΧͷѲ߾ӢҲѾҪߣѾͷһδײεĺڰɥױմʲôûܹʣ¡
ټӰѾֻҪܴﵽսĵʮӦþܽɵˡ
ţȫûͣежͷѲ߾ӢѾ㹻ľģȻˣͻĿꡣ
һֱ̣úڰȥԸԼԭԸͷ壬ԼʩչսУֱӷɵԭڰΧĻ屳
սȭڣ
ȭ񱩵ĿսȻͷֱӺ˳ȥ
սƣʮĲ㣡
ǻ˲䱩ŭ۳ֱϮһУҲ˽ס
¶ȼߣҴſЧ޷
⣬˵ǸõĻᣡ
꾵
ۿŶԷʩչֶΣûκԥ߶֮۷ֶΣ꾵
ֱ͸һ㾻֮⣬۳һ澻꾵˲佫ǻЧʮ˹ȥ
̵ָĻ˲䷴ͷѲ߾ӢС
ɱ
˵ʵ̫ˣսеԷߣһȭһȭϺϵſսơ
ÿһȭ屻ᱻʮɾ룬ÿζʩչսиϣһȭͷ
ԷסҪʱƼȻҪʱ䲻࣬ȴҲʱ䣬ֱӺȭ
սƣʮ㣡
ҪѹУ
ȫЯĿսƣȻλףѹȻѾ˿ǰͷѲ߾Ӣˣ
ţһ̧֣޽֮ӡ߶
һζ֣һ޽֮ӡͷѲ߾Ӣֱӷӡ
ԷҪͻ޽֮ӡҲҪһʱ䡣
ԥֱӳ޽֮ӡϺսƼӣټʱ䣬ЧʱȻȴҲѾӵʮĲ㡣
ϿսƵļӳɣܹѾﵽʮĿսӳɣ
òȻܹԷɱȴ޷ѹҪķѲʱ䣬޽֮ӡȭȻԷſڲƿ޽֮ӡ˳
ûκֱ֣ӳŶԷһȭսļռ䶼˺飡
γսûдУûдƾԼͿս似ڸԷս
Ѳ߾Ӣʱ˿Ѿˣǰλ׵СӣѾӵ˽Լɱü
ԽǽܵԼԽ࣬Խǲܷɱ
ΪʱţսĻԽԽǿһȭȭϺĿս۳ȭ磬ǻɢ
ϣϵǿסĹơ
ҲʱоһȻϮȻһͷѲ߾ӢѾЩڰȫסˣȻչл
ЩڰϾӵкǿҪǽô׵飬סȴ׾ٵġ
ƺǿԽԽǿƣвܴͷѲ߾Ӣڿʼһǰһй
ʱȴѾˡ


1402 󽨳
ĹŲӰ
һ۳һٸĹŲӰͱһˡ
ڣЩĹŲӰÿһͷŽʮĿսʼһٸĹŲӰȫͬ
һٸĹŲӰͬʱͷѲ߾ӢֱһǿսȭڣսЯ޾ƣȻ
ͷѲ߾ӢȫıըͷţϵϮоĹŲӰ˽ȥճ˻ҽ
ʣ¶ʮĹŲӰЯսƣֱӺ˶Է֮ϣ
ʱϲķ֣ĹŲӰʩչսȭڣжֵʱҲܹΪԼһĿսƣ
ȻÿĹŲӰܵһġ
ܹʮĹŲӰȥĿսƣÿĹŲӰж֣Ϊһսơ
ЧʻǱȽϸߵģڣֶܾӿսƣΪۻĹŲӰĵʵ̫ˡ
رǣۿսƺܸߵĻĹŲӰһӾĵھҪսȥֻܷһö̫żҩС
Ŀսٴε㣬ʩչսĵһʮ屶֮࣡
սͻȻж˲䵽һͷѲ߾ӢȻһȭ
ֲǻѲ߾ӢһȭɳȥϵĻ涼ɢһˡ
Ѳ߾ӢڶԸĻĹŲӰȴǰһȭɣһ޽֮գƿպ
ζ޽ֱ֮뵽ͷѲ߾Ӣڣһƻ
֮ǰһʼ㽫ƻһΣʲôطָˡ
һΣûĻᣬ޽֮ճ֮һοսмȥǿսȭںȻ
飡飡飡
οսȭȥǻѲ߾Ӣɢǻ棬ķֱѸ˥ܿûκ
ӣſȷڽһɵˡ
ûκͣ߶սУѸٳʣͷѲ߾Ӣ׷ȥ
ͷѲ߾ӢѾƲҪܣȻôܱȵٶȣ
սе״̬֮£ķٶȱϰٱʱ޾似ıЧܹķٶȱٱٱȫ˵ǿһ磬ĳЩռ˲ƻҪѸ٣
£׷ͷѲ߾ӢҪɱ֣ȴֲԶ⼸ͷѲ߾Ӣڿٳ߸Ϲ
ԽԽˣͷõҲѾˡǰͷɱˣ͸ȳˣ
һݣ֪ԼټսȥˣȵЩѲ߾ӢԼΧĻ׶༪ٵľ档
ȻǰͷߵĻѲ߾ӢǲܽŹġ
ڣȫսƼΪ߰սĵѾ˽ʮļӳɣͬһɫ⣬һ׷ͷѲ߾Ӣ
ţȭͷһ˹ȥ
ֲĿս䵽ǻѲ߾ӢͷôҲû뵽ԼȻᱻһλ׵С׷ܣҪɱ
Ѳ߾Ӣһʱ䷴Ӧȴ޷ܿҲ޷ֵʮĿսӳɣѾһȭ൱Ķδ׵ĲΡ
ټϿս޾Ʒ似пܱǿƻ
׷һȭõıۺ˵ֱӾ൱δײεһȭ
Ѳ߾Ӣȫֵס׼Ա
ȻûüԱĹѾֱӽ÷飬ȫ滯ɢ⣬Χ俪ȥƮȻɢ
ͷδ׾ĻѲ߾ӢɵЩѲ߾ӢսͬȽϵ͵ģԸɵЩһҲԼж
Ȼһ̶˵ڵֻҪս޵ȥǶԸпܡ
ǣƾ壬ǰһжŲסġ
ֻлŲпܻ֣ܶովѾѲ߾ӢðҪħ֮ĵĻѾǸмˡ
˵ڵļޣҲδҵĲΡ
Ը߲εĶ֣һЩܹԽսǿţû취ȥԿġ
ߣ
ۿͷѲ߾ӢѸٷɹһ̾Ҫǰûκԥת㳯ŷڲõķ򷵻ȥ
ͨкߵܹ֪ǷλõΧѾΧʮѲ߾Ӣ
ЩѲ߾ӢٶȻµľ򣬴ӶУڲõĴͷݻٵ
ֻϧι̶̳Զǵ󣬾һʱܹݻٵġ
ʱ򣬾̩ɽٻðʱ䣬ܱԷϴﵽ˫Σ˵ʵ̫ˣ˵ǽȼü֮
ˣ
ܵĴͷ𽥳ͣڰֻҪȵͷͣǱ׾ŹսҲˡ
ѶȣʵǲСһˣ治һܹɡ
Ƚϸߵģδ׻δǿߣܹȽɵ񣬵ǣ߶δ׵۷ǿߣڵһػռϵʱ򣬾п⵽ܴ鷳ȥˡ
ΪǲռϣڵĻѲ߲Ǻܣ±пɳ֮ͷ
˹Ļʵ̫ɱͷѲ߾Ӣʵ̫ǿֲһϢͻΧǲռϡ
˵սѶȺܸߣһ㶼ֻӵԱȥ
Ƕ˵ܹս񣬻ҲԱ֮һˡ
ޣϢĽ뵽˾ڲ
ΧʮͷѲ߾ӢżӣоЩЦ޾Ʒսϵ˫֮󣬾ǿȱ֮ǰ˲ֹһ㣬޾սԵʣӵ޸ܡ
޾սĹֶκͷֶΣܹ߱Ǿάŵ״ֶ̬Σܹ޸öָԽƻ
ڣ봫ͷʼ죬Ѿȥһʱ䡣
ͷѲ߾Ӣ˽һʱ䣬ոջصûãͷڳɹ
󽨳ɣһˮϵ̫֮Χɢԡеܵһ˿ˬƺһ̣ˮϵ̫֮΢Щ˽⡣
пջǵÿС飬ˮϵ̫֮һ
ţȻͼΧЩѲ߾Ӣ׷׿ʼ뿪ȥͬʱɵĴͷУһӰֱ˸֣


1403 Ը
⴫ͷ󹹽ɣڲԶǸ׾ţ̱ܹߴ͹
һľ룬󲿶ӻһ֮Χ׾ţֻҪ׾Ŵ͵Է϶׷ϵġ
ΨһǣǱĵط϶Ҳǹһͷ󣬲ܹ׾һ͵ߡ
ʱ򣬿϶ҪǱߣҪôǴͷҪôǴͷݻ٣ֹܷһ׷
ܣҲġ
ڴͷԶһǿߴӴͷгȳǣ϶һͷӣȽǿģһɫδסĶδףδס
ʮεǿߣһλףӴͷг֣ÿ˶Ǵ˺ۣһ۾ͿóǱսǶôҡ
˴Ӵͷгۿֻһ˵ʱ򣬲ȫһ㶡
ڴͷԶУ£һλףΧǾ򣬻ɢӵʮͷѲ߾Ӣ
˳ʵǳһӳԤϡ
һˣ
һλף
ܴܵĵͷ
ʵ̫ˣ
λСֵܣֻһˣ
Ϊ׵һδǿߣο࣬ϵĽɫѾãһֵط˽ңҲ֪ǳ˶ٻĹ
ֱӷʣ͸һغͲɣ
Ǳ߻ʣ٣
˵ͷȻһ䡣
׾ţһһֵܣڻʣǧٶֵܡ
˵ǿ຺ɫȻһʧǧٶ˵ЩԽܣϾЩƽﶼǸֵͬܣ
뵽ʧ˲أʵʼδ
Ҫ⴫ͷ󹹽û磬ǵʧ»ࡣ
Сֵܣл˵ʵԭǼƻ⴫ͷ󻹵ʱܿģû뵽ٶȻͦ졣
ǿ຺ӳ˵ͷм뿪ǰΧȦĻǿ¾ֻʣ²һǧֵˡ
Ҳֻˣȫһȥɡ
˵ͷ
ͷϣ͹âϵ˸һȺһȺ׳˴ͷУЩǱȳġ
ˣóǺܸмѺõġ
ȴˣдЩӣЩˣҲǵ飬϶Щܵ˻İΧȦЩʹΪʲôû
ԼѾԼŬܾȵǧˣѾǳˣҪ֪Լûϵôء
˶ôҲʵû취ˡ
ÿÿ˶Լ⣬ɲȥЩ˶ԼĿֻҪ֤ԼƽƽͿˡ
Щȫֻġ
˵ȻеѪܶʱ뷨ȴܶ鷳
սǹҼңǳе£ЩܾȣᾡȫȥȳЩˣڲڶЩˣҲû취
Ͼ飬ɹܲôණ񶼲ǡ
ǰýǾȳأ
ǣһ֣Ҳ֣طøӽţж˻Żȥ˭Ҳ֪
ܿ죬һױ˴ͷУߵĶ׳գһ߶δ׵׾ųҲ˴˹
УѾгǧ˳ǰ˵ĶѾˡ
ʣû׾žųӳģ϶ǸڰΧȦڣǴͳĴݻٵ
ҪȻĻǿֻҪѭͷ󣬱ֱ׷ôͷҲͱһ嶼ûˡ
ȻҲѡݻߵĴͷ󣬵ǳգһһᵼ»ǿ׷ֻҪһͷ߶δ׵׷ܹסߵĴͷƬʱ䡣
Ƭʱ佫и׷յ֮ǰһ
ԣһͷȥݻٴͷС
ֵܣһͷΪǴݻĴ󣡡
ųȵһӣܹؼңλ¸ҵֵܴس壬Ҫͷ·л壬ȫɵһ
壡
ɱ
ǧͬʱƣʵرǧ˻ȫؾǿߡ
УᣬȻصֵܵУʶѣֵܵܣȵȡ
ΪľǧܹȥûǿˣȫԸ
УΧסĽƻͷգһ
ȻûмǸ棬ȴҲ
Ǻݺ濡ȵȣǱĻڻô飿
Ҳ飬ϷܷϣҪŬøǿӶӸԴϱķ
ֻǣԶԶûдﵽĳ̶ȡ
һ;̤۷壬¶ﲻĳ̶ȣܹΪȻҪ˵ΪѶȣǳΪ񣬾ܹȫԼߵ
治һ
ҲڣڶһԶżмôʬǣ֪ϣ񶼲޵еġ
ڣĳЩǰǼġ
ֻ𵱳ԺμĳľۣȻ䣬ǿ۷ĴڣȴǼ׾ٵĻ飬޷
飬ʲôܹһ㣿
ǲ֪飬ڻ治ڣǴڵĻǶںη
ип
ǰ׾ſʼſ彮ϻȥҪϽȥʧ
ȻǸһȥ;ٻѲ߾Ӣŭֱûһķ
в˳ΧɢȥһЩܵĻѲ߾ӢץֱӸɵ
˫ڶԷж壬Ǽ͸ɵ֣Ҫʲôڣ˻ڣԷҲʲôף滹ֱӸɵĽࡣ
ʱڲֺˡ
Ϊڸϵ˫磬˾ľֶΣֻҪ;ɱĻʬӡУܹתΪڰ
תڰḶ́Ҫһʱ䣬ȴ̫ãһʱתһͷδײε壬Ӷá
Խȥһ·̵У˵ջĶࡣ
ֻҪǳ⸽Ļ壬ȫ˸ɵȻǰӡУȴ䱻תΪڰ
̶һʱ䣬˱ǲռڴռУҲѾͷѲ߾Ӣ


1404 
˵׼ȷһЩĻĿռУĶǻѲ߾Ӣʬ壬ƾڵʵҪЩʬ嶼תΪڰðʱ䡣
ٶеˣҲżʱҲòЩڰһͷͷתţʱҪõϵʱܹɳͷҲ㹻ˡ
ϾЩδ׾ĺڰһ˵иͷ㹻ٵĴˡ
ͷܽôɳʮͷҲһܹ岢
ܿ죬˱Ѿǲռǰ׾м߶δ׵ľų͸ųһ֣ǲϷҺ
һʱ䣬ǲռϾͱƣ赲ס׾ŵĲ
вٻսʿǻƺڼǵĶ򣬲ܿ׾ŵСӳǰȥЩȫɵ
ЩͨսʿΪҲֻһδףλסλײΡ
Щʬ壬ȥӡˣת˺ڰҲûʲô̫ǿսδײεʬܶ࣬ȥӡЩȽĴڡ
׾;лȫ˸ɸɾ
СֵܣҪȥ𣿡
ĿľųԣѯʵȻӳˣҲûʲôЦݣϾһ׾Ҳ̫ˣʧ˼֮һ֡
𽻸ҵмҪҪ
ҡҡͷ˵֪ǰɷ֪ͳ˧ںδ˵ƺҲ⸽һƬսԲ𡣡
ŵͳ˧
ǿľųһ㶣Ȼ˵ͷҵ֪ںδǾҪȥˣҪȥͳ˧ĻҿԸһöмڵꡣ
ųûȥҪʲô£ԼʲôϵΪûʲôϵ
ǰս񣬾׾дˣǸмһСæҲӦõġ
ţлǰ
˵ͷ˿ҵĶˣ⸽һƬĻǱȽס
ֻ׾ǿӳΧȦ»ûȺһըëܻܿᵽѰ;УСһЩС
õϢ֮׾ŷֿˣԷûʲôá
һ·ٴλصʼֹ¶״̬ܿ죬˷ԲڣûκһӰ֣廹ǻ壬ƬڶֵñȽɢ
һӾͲһˣܿǲ󲿶ӳǸ׾ţж½Ҳδ֪
Ǿ͸ûʲôϵˣյ׾ŶܳôԶˣӦòᱻ׷ϲŶԡ
ҡҡͷ׾ŵ׵ԺȻһѭöص꣬ڵȥ
ֱڣ֪ͳ˧Ǹ׾Ϊšƺ彮ߣǸľš
ԴĮģֻԼνĸףȻΪʲôҪԼĸױ磡

ʱ䣬ǿдڼ֮ľ룬ڿмص긽
طֲ̫һĸоƺжһѹȵϢ
Χȥ߶֮ʶ֪̽ΧȴûзκζĴڡ
Щɻѵͳ˧Ų
Ѿ븽ȴûκӰ˵ѾսԲ𣬷صսȥˣ
ƬеѹϢԽԽɻ󣬺Ȼطʲôֻ޷׷ʲô
ޣ
ûа취Ϊ˷ֹʲôֱⷢӾͻޣ޿ռУƬгʧ
޿ռ֮Ϳʼϸ۲طǱʲô巨һѹϢڰе巨
Ȼʲô巨󣬵ȷǣ巨ԴһƬռ䵱С
Ȼ֮ǰսԲ𣬱ﲼó巨󣬵巨óǸȴȫ֪ˡ
ŵ˶ĶȥˣҲȫ֪
ģططᷢʲô˵
ûãͼӰƬͻȻƾճ֣ߣӵδ׵ΪװӦսŵˣĸţͲ֪ˣѵŵˣ
ƾճ֮ƺЩɻ󣬳ΧɨһȦûʲôڣͷ
֣ոջиӰôͻȻͲˣ
ǲܿģ϶ˣҲ֪ĸСӣǸҲǿ
˶һۣ˵ͷȻƺҪʩչʲôֶΣ⸽˸ҳ
ҪҵĵȻһûеȶԷʩչֶΣֱӱ޿ռз˳
λأҽһս֪λŵĳԱ
ֱ֮ӳһȴûпˣΪȷ˵
Σ¶ΪСĽģûһյԼκյء
˼ƾճ֣һ㶣Ȼޱȵľ棬Ϊû뵽⸽ҲӰģȻֻǸλ׵꣡
ʣΪһ𾪡
ҲǼû̫ãһ̱㷴ӦɫصĶǵսԲܣôܽյʲôս񣿡
ͬʱһ˶˴ҴСϸܵϢӦÿ֤αװɵġ
ܵϢȻеһѫ¡
ʾȻðɣ˵ʵǽһս⸽˳һϵ죬ڲڣ
⻰νذϢˡ
һʱɵۣϵ죿
Ǿųһֱ
ôͻȻðһӣ
лʵһѫ£ⶫα첻ģһӦҲ鿪ЦŶԡ
ǽɣŵˣҪͳ˧Ļȥͨһ¡
һ˶˵ţȻ㳯֣һ֮ͻȻϣҪһռȥ
ףΪʲôκŵˣԭŶλһСУСӡǣӵĳмĹܣʹƬжûκӰӵļ
ڿ˵ǱȽģЩĶԷŵˣתһ룬ҪǶԷж⣬ԼֻҪþ㹻һС
߰ɡ
˵ͷûп֮αͬһ𣬴Ƭгʧ


1405 
ǰģһͣеıһĽɣһͷǿ
˿һսСһЩսݣ
ŵĸݵأͳ˧˾棬ȽϢһ£ȥͨһ¡
ǴѲ߶Ա˵֮󣬱һ˴ȥһһ㲻ˡ
֪Сܹ֮ʱسСκεطӦȥͨˡ
Ǹһڴȥһ·ϼѲ߾Щֵ˹
Ȼ˱Щһһͣʾͳ˧Ķӣ˵ġ
⻰һȫһ̾ı飬Ȼ˶֪쾹ȻжӣǸΪϢˣ
Щ˵İ֮ҲǷˣѵôܹ̱ڱɣ
ܿ죬㱻˴˸֮ȥһɱϢ֮ܵ⡣
ս
ܹоݽУΪѪȵսǽµѪҳİۣȵһУս
ЩսۼȻǿԱȥģȴûбȥȻҪھʾ߼֮ġ
̬Ҳ˽⣬ϾսϣûκһǾ԰ȫģȻڴڿܰȫ˶κεģпѽ١
һȽϼ򵥵ķڣȻ·֮˱ЦŶԵһѾȥϢͳ˧ˣĻܿͻ㡣
л
˵ͷȻڷתţһ£򵥵ĻͷУ˲սĺۼ
ʯʯʸ˲ѪһЩʴļӦöǰµսۼ
ݽֹȴǿƻˣȻˣҲ˲ЩҲھʣЩˣۺʱο̶ܵġ
̶̶ʮ꣬ʹ½Ľһ·뿪磬㣬ӵݺͳΪսͳ˧Ҳʮʱ䡣
ţЩӵ顣
죬һֱ˵ĸף˵Ҳһֱֻʹ½ϵʱ򣬲˵
ƹڵ٣Ҽ糤裬ʳĪҡҡҵȵȣЩ˵ĿУ֪һйԼף顣
뿪͵֮󣬾Ҳû˵κϢһֱʥԿ˵׻Ϊֹ
׻ʣҲûܰϢʧˣ֮磬սʱڱս۽֮󣬲ŵõйϢһ·Ѱҹٹ˴ʱˡ
죬ͳ˧׾սϷܶ˵Ѿʱ䣬꣬սպգۣΪ彮߽總˶Ӣ֮һ
һгҪѰҸ׵ִ֮⣬жĺ棬Ҳ֪׳е죬ѳһ·ߵģ
ȴţȻԱиˣ˫ȴδʲôĽֻڲϴ
Ȼ˾ϲĳˣ˵֮ǰиСӣ彮ͷסɱͷѵ㣿
Щˣû˵Լֽء
ңôµģ
Щ档
˵ͳ˧˵ĶӣǾͶӵһöһѫ£Щ꣬ϢҲֻһˡ
˺ǺһЦȻȮӣͳ˧֮ӣͬҲ֮
⻰£ûü˵ʲôӷ֮ͻȻһͷɤʲôʲôʲôȮӵģͳ˧ɲǵʲôʱ˸أ
ʵ뷿䣬һɫ꣬۾ſڣ̤˷
һˣ֪̾ԼҪҵˡ
죡
ȻǴʲôѪ֪ģǴӶԷĳϣò˵ǰ˳øǼƣرһ˫۾һģп̳ġ
ͳ˧ˣ˵СӣøһģһҪ˵ӣҿɲôŰ
ǴѲսʿһ˵һҲЩɫŹˣ˷ϣѵлϵܶӰ˵飿
Ȼͳ˧˵Լͺãһһٺ٣
˲Ұԣ˵仰ֱתҪ뿪䡣
ɡ
΢̧̧Ƥӻ뿪ˣȻŲ¿ʼ
˵һȴδʲôʣֵ֮俪Цһ㣬˾С
û뵽Ը񣬿㣬ΪȴЩ֣ƺЩδ׵ѲսʿҿЦء
ƺ컹ͦ׺ġ
ţⲢӰԹߡ
ܴһ潲Ȼ˱ΣҲǱвʧȥɣǾûκӡ
οһھȻ񻹲ԼжӰ
㳤øͦ񡣡
ɨۣЩĿ˵
㲻ϣ
ø˵ֱ˵һ䡣
ûе飬ñͳ˧ôϣ
ͻȻһ۾ߵǰңĸرĽͳ˧Ϊͳ˧ӣһϷ룿
һ⻰ʱɴ۾
һô뻹˵ڿЦ
ô룬ʲô̶ȣ
ȻҲϣԼ˧磬ְ˵ս˵ҲȷܹܶСĽ
ȿȣæҡҡͷĶЩʲô
⣬ȴ治֪ôȥشˣֻתƻʵˣǲǵõˣĽ磬ʹ½
ֱʣȻϸ۲ķӦԷװģôܹġ
ʧǣ⻰ûʲôرķӦЦһĺɻ½أ飬ͳ˧Ѿٴˣͳ˧⣬ʵеѣɣҸһЩҩԺͲҪðΣұͳ˧ˣΣϾս̫Σգÿζ˳ҵͳ˧ġ

ʵû뵽쾹Ȼһ
һǶ
˵еķӢأôһ㶼о
ϸϸĶ˫ۣò˵˫۾˧ȴûдпκαŤĶ
죬ƺһԸļһڣҲȫϷʲôģΪˡ
ô˵ˣͳ˧һߵսԲ𣬻ڵȴϹأɲܴ˺Ϸ
˺ЦŻ˻֣תҪ뿪䡣
߶δ׵ΪҪ뿪Ļס
ߵſڣȴͣ˽Ų
˵
ʵִ˹


1406 ȴϷ
ٴδüͷһһȻܲˣѵʲôҪ˵
ѵͳ˧ǰйôһηʷһӣ
˵仰ʱ򣬾ԼǺţƺЩɻҲڻʲô
ǻڻԼӣЩ֡
ոһﲻǻ˵Լûжӵģ
Լ飬ѵԼ֪ߵļǻΪǿͳ˧ɲҪҡ
˵
ǲв˵ʵûʲôӰ죬ĸױ˵Ӱȴ̫ˡ
ݣȫԵȣһСˣȴǸ߸ϵʥԺ֮ˣԺ֮Ůߵһ𣬿϶໥֮һϲ
ڣһֱǣ죬ʣܹͺõĻ˵Ҳȴһ׮¡
ϧ⸱ģǲˣͷۡ
Ľ磬͵һȥģȷ֤ˣһ㸺𡣡
ʱ˵Ļһ֮ǰֿЦԵñȽ
⻰ȴǺһЦȥҲûãĽѾ͵ҲʧֻЩЩ£ӦûЩУȻ㲻֤˵ʲôûа취
ҵļ䣬Ǵʱʼġ
еĲˬȴȻǵģ֮ܶһѹ磬ǰһУȫǵˣ֮飬ڿ˺սְȷδй޶ļ䡣
⻰˵ˣΪʲô˾ܾϡ
ԭһʧˣ
˵ոѹ磬һֱǵȷûнӴͱԼǰ͵Щ˵κλᡣ
ѵ˵˵ģ
˵ǲģҲûʲôġ
Ǽװʧ䣬ⲻϱ飬ôҲܱȶԷȥϡ
磬ӼķɲΪԼа취ȶԷȥּ
Ͼô˵һսŵͳ˧߶δ׵ǿڣгһҲﵽ磬ҪȻĻĵλͲǶԵȵģҪҪԷʲôԷɺʵȥܾ
ʧˣͦðģھʹžСУҲС
ȻĽѾûˣĻҲǲ˶٣Ҫǣƹв˶СС
磬٣ûи뿪СУꡣ
ҲǺܸߣô֮ȴʧȥ˽һĶ־ȻؼҵԼమˣĸ˷롣
һһֱСţԴƺѾСˡ
ʱ˿̣ͿԼСУȥ١
ڴƹһЩˣҡĪҡҵȵȣö඼Ǳ뵽СУҪǵĻһҵõ
ȻˣҪҪһǰˣ˵һЩʲô
̽Եһ䡣
ҵڲʱ򡣡
ٺһЦƺָֻ˷ֶƵԸ񣺡Ȼˣ汾ͳ˧һһϷɣҪ飬ɲܼġȻҲûˣ񶼰æŸɵˣֳ棬ȴˬܺ

治֪ʲô飬ԼˬܺģݺǸɶʱ򣬶ûйƵĸо治֪ˬܺǸʲôо
սԲڼȻˣҲ̫뿪пܻҵǵսԲļƻ
Ȼˣһɡ
ǵ֮ұһЩһɣСУϣһЩʲô
˵ͷӦ죬Ȼһ뿪䣬ݵĺǰȥ
ϣݺ֮ͨǽ϶һǳǳ׹⣬к̺żΪǿĽϵ̫֮
ǽϵ׹ĻԿ϶ƾΪǿȣֻ·һġ
죬óӦþ׵ҺпѾ˽ϵ̫֮
ţһ·ߵ˸ݵĺ
򣬺ܶڲٿݣҴԿеһЩ
ףڵô໭棬ȫʼһƬʱոʱһͱ˷ˣӶ˳Ѱ
ûȥѯ죬ƬڲʲôƬڵѹϢȴ޿ɱоġ
ԻĻ治ûܵȦϾ֪Ҳʮ񣬶ƬеѹϢûɸܲСĽҲóȻƬ
Ҳ֪˵ĵʲôϷ
ۿ쾹ȻˣԭһЩųԱЩȡ
ϴⲻӰɣø񰡣
ҿ˳ɾˣҪϴզٶŵĻء
طһ㶼࣬ȻֱӾ
ҲЩû뵽û뵽Щ˾Ȼȥ٩ԼľųƺûзЩˡ
ͳ˧죬úøԼ¶ȥǵñͳ˧ˣλȥһ˶õ
컷ܣһһλϣ˶ȣǰļ濴ȥ
Ҳû˭ˣ֪ĻǿһһﾹȻһ׾ŵľų
ٺٺٺٺ٣ϴ󣬴ǻܹ˵мŮأҵղؿͷܶһЩƷˣ
һİ꣬ҲںԱߣЦ˵һԼһӡ
廹ŮȻ֪ϲղʬ壬ζҲ̫˰ɣ
һһֱӶĵ˵
һ﴿вһ뵽ҸôһһţҾ̲סθڣ췹Բ¡
һŻ״
Ƕë
İӱӵܣиֳһĨ¶įıȻǸоûܹΪ
ܿʱǰһ
ιСϴ㲻
İ곯ԴɣʵҲԱֵ֮ģֳֻŮԱ֮еŮ̬Ǻһ㶼ǻƿؾߵĴڣһ˿ǺѼأЩʬ壬ռвټģ
⻰˵ģߡ
֮У׶ЩʲôˣôⶼУ


1407 ؿɱ
ò˵İ꣬оƺͦġ
˵ڻ˽⣬ԶʤˣʲôԱ𣬡Ůԡƿߺ;ߵȵȣֶɵô嶼֪ء
ǲ֪һռʬ徿Ǹʲô
ֻ˵ļ壬˵ʲô;֮ǰǰ㣬ռʬƳɿԼսʲôġ
ʣֻܷϾԷǺ죬ҲʳһСҲʹ˶ԷĽˡ
δǰͷֻǿڱĸǽϣ΢ûʲô˺
Щ׵֮ûм£һֱӾˡ
СУûôױ巢֣ǲҪⶫͻȻ
ȻҲĶûѣɼҲǲʲôġ
ǽߣյĿǰļ棬һƬƽ˾žʲôûУΨԶ΢ǹ⣬˸նΪƽ
ʱţݺ˶
ʱ䣬Ǽһһ⣬ŵÿӶ̫бӸġ
иһɱһЩǿĶڵĻ𵤣ڵıȵȣһ󴮴飬˲ϡ
ÿһŻ𵤱ȵȣ߶δǿڣôһ󴮴飬ʮţԵôĿġ
ҪƾЩĴڣЩôһһĽᱻӼŭһȺ˵УЩҲὫɵһĿꡣ
ⶫսг˳֮⣬ûκá
ȻЩһȽСԡʣܹʮˣʮÿһǼǿĴڡ
ȻʮУֻ߶δףҲδ׵ΪսѰ߶δס
ս
ʵǹ㲻һ˳ֶԴƣϾͿԿһʵȫޣͬһͨͨĴå
սʱŻʾΪ߶δǿߵɣһֱڣ֪ʵΡ
Ǹ۷߶δײأ
΢һ㣿Ǹһ㣿
Դ˿һ֪
ͻȻ䣬ǰУʼһ˿˿⣬óȫ˷ܼ
֣Ȼǻֵǰ࣡
Ϸʼˣ
иֳһĨ֮ɫڴλվ˶һڴģ
ʱҲڴųеļ棬ΨʱЩһı鶼һģһģ֮ǰи
Ҳʼ۾ĿƬžǿյУһ˿˿ⲻϳ֣ʼ׺յС
ǻĴ󲿶ҪٵףҲǷɹģǴңԶĵطֱӴ͹ġ
Щ졣
ֱӴңԶĵط٣˵϶ǼΪεϢŶԣôܻ֪ǰ壿
飬Ͳܹ֪ˣϾ϶ϵ鱨ϵͳ⼶ϢԲ⴫ģҪȻڸսУܿһơ
ڣȻŶѾ嶼úˣֻҪϷˣʱбȽǿĻƬĻȥЩǿʬӡ
ܷӡһͷ߶δ׵Ļʬ壬Ƕ˵һܴսʮ
ȻҪӡǿĻʬ壬ǻ˲پ֣ΪУвҪռʬġ
İС꣬Ȼ֪ռʲôȻǾģǴʲôǶЩ嶼ŵһϷġ
ҲǷ飬͵ȵȶԷ֮ʣµģܲлʬ嶼Էȡ˰ɣ
뵽ЩȻۿųС
һ˿˿⣬ǻżٵǰףʱ򣬶ԷĽѾ޿ɱ⣬϶ط뵽ŵˡ
ʱ˿̣Էûκһͷ٣ͲܲطѹϢ
ֲãطôԵ壬һ˾ƿȴպԶԷԶ̵ĴͣЧ
һҲǻȻˣòսŻŵ鱨Ϣȡ
ܹǰ֪ľŻήطƬϢ鱨βռõ
ζģ
Ϸݡ
еһ˿˿𽥷Ŵ󣬽ţһӰƾճ֣ÿһͷһδ׵ľ硣
⾹Ȼһ׾ţ
ȺӰ֮󣬷׷׽ٵƬյУƺҲһӲ˲Ծĵط
ƺǾһҪúֹͣ͹Ѿ޷ֹͣжֻܹȡٶȳΧɢȥ
ڶԷ;̫ԶԴ͹ˣҲ޷ߵϢȥ»ǱͷϢزԵȣ
߷˲ԾҪúֹͣͣȴ֪ߵ
ͣȻڼÿλӰ٣̲˲ԣȻҪƬ֮˲ƴͳȥ
ϧǣϵ˶Էľٴ룡
ԣƬУӸոһ˿˿⿪ʼʱʼѾһռƣпռƬж޷ã
һܲ޷ÿռ˲뿪һͷͷʼԶȥ
͹ĻԽԽ࣬𽥵ԽԽǿδףδסδףһֱ߶δס
ܹǧˣ׾ţ𽥵ȫ˹
ǰһҲһʱ䣬ȫ˹ܵԶЩҲûܳƬ巶Χ
ˣɣ
һЦ˱ƬյУ׹׵ӿ˳ϵ̫֮ɵâͬ޵һ㣬ǧȫУ
ͻ幥ƣЩ׶Щ⧲ǵҲûлң԰Сһ𣬿ʼЯֶԿһ׹ĺ
رмͷ߶δ׵ĴڣԵһ𹹽ǿķϣһʱ֮䵹ûб幥ơ
ɾĶˡ
壬ֻһδ׵δ׵Ϊǧͷûǿڡ
Щ໥÷Ҳ޷ֿãֻǼʱ䣬׾ţѾ˹룡
ؿɱֶΣ˲ãѪУܽһ׾Ÿ
ⳡˣҪ֪ҲֻǸ׾Űˣ׾ԿĻȻҪ˺ܶ࣡
ڣǻ׾ȴֱܡ


1408 ջʱ
УǴӲ֪Զĵط͹ҪһĻ׾ţֱӱ㱻µһ򾡡
һЩ߶δ׵Ļǿߣһʱ֮ҲǱϵ̫֮ɵ׺ɱˡ
ƬǿյУǧǿߣ˴ʬأ֮ĺ±˽ڣϻ涼Ϩһѽ̿
ӵһͷ׽ٿʼһֱǧͷȫɱǰʱ
ʱڣͿЩڲţȴ޷ɵ
㶨ȥջʱˣ
˸ָȻ´ڶӳȥлʬ壬ϵжʼսƷ
ǣϴ󣡡
˻ϲصĴӦˣȻܳȥ֪ͨڶӵˡ
ȻǲͷһۣٺһЦСӣһɣзݣзݰ
ţô֣
һ䡣
Ź֪ˣ
һЦȻ˻֣ʮ˶ʱȫվһǰֶˡ
ûжʣһ·ȥ
ڼ䣬İߵһٺһЦ˵ϹǸоΣ
Ϲ
һ⻰ʱ˶ˣΪε˵ҲʵĻкܶġ
Ǻܻܶ࣬ģ
İ̾˿һı飺Ҫгһܵõһʬ壬ұҲܴһЩʲôӶ񾳽硭
⻰Щ뷨
ţǸǿľţյǺУǺǿܶࣿ
ȥľȨȻ϶ܸһġ
ǣԼĸףŻῼһ£˵йǺӵĳЩ
ҪȻĻûʲôȥ˵Է룬οʵҲرҪŵսϾڵǺӣڰȷչʱڣʲôս
սţǰȷչ϶ǲеˣսϣ޶ȵķӳǵʵ
һ·ǰУڸݽвϴ͡УܿһĹ㳡ϣ㳡룬Ѿлǽڵʬѻɽ
ڹ㳡ΧǲŵĳԱۼոСжӣΪ룬Ѿ˴аǧˡ
㳡Χ㣬ɰǧҲ׾٣ȫûԵӵ
벻˶ڷּЩʬ壬ϵĸԴɢսսһҩҩһСкСкһȵȡ
ս͵ҩ˵ûõģսֽڵҩһԷֽһЩƸʺϵĵҩ
Скˣÿһ׵СУпܴԴǧףӵǧСк໹ǱС磡
һʼĲƸǧÿҲֵܷܶܶĶ
ʣµЩ׵ʬ塣
Уʮͷ߶δ׻壬ʮͷδ׻壬һ۾ͿˣЩʬҪתΪڰҪʱ䣬һɹսͻǿ֪ٱ
ջʱ̣ŵĳԱȫ¶ϲɫڴĵսƷ
սߣ
еҩ˹ȡߣ
л׵ʬ壬Ҫͳ˧Ǽһ£ڹٻΪǷ䣡
ЩСкСӷ䣬󲿵ֱӵõʮͷ߶δסʮͷδ׵Ск
Щоƽģܹɱһ׾ŵȫǧͷ´󹦵ĺ巨
Ȼˣô󲿵˵õõĽҲǺġ
߶δסδ׵СУӵжԴ󣡸οʮͷ߶δ׺Ͱʮͷδס
֮ǰ˵ŵķܹˣÿһ󷨷輫ߣ巨ǹͬóġ
ƽÿˣӵһΡ߶δ׾Скȥ̽õȫԼջۺ졣
Уڳȴûκм֮飬еֻжԷ󲿵Ĺ
ȻӦõĶķ䣬ȫǹƽġ
ͨսõջô󲿵Ҳֲʲôöһϣڲȫǹƽġ
⵹Ǹһ
ǺУҲרŶһţз巨͹
˼Ǻӣŵѡǿȥѡѡ֮ɷţҲԼȥ
һͬʱźͷţƺеæˡ
ţҡҡͷҲûа취ǺУûһλķҵġ
ʱֻȥţԺҲרзĶ˲ţǾһץסὫԷǺ
Ȼ춼˵һ붫ķ䣬зݣҲûп
ֱǰǼһ£ʾҪһЩ׵ʬ壬ԷΪԽԽãԽԽã֮ܶ˼ǣֻҪǳδ׵Ļʬ壬ԷʣĶԸûУǾˡ
ΪĻʬ壬Ҳûãδ׼ĻѲ߾ӢھٶˣûʱȥЩʬתɺڰ
ԣǼǵľǣҪܵõߵȼĻʬ壬棬ûʲôҪ
ж٣٣Ҫ̫࣬Ҳȱ٣ֵܷãֲҲν̬ܱʧ
Ͼ˵ֻǸˣսƷʱҲûǸȨȥҪ̫ࡣ
͵Ϣɡ
Ǽ֮ͶЦŵ˵ͷսԲϣûȥˣһ֮Ķ㣬֮ǾͻصսݸǸһߣǣ
żȻڻ׾Ÿ㶨ˣһЩһˡ
һĸףҵСУаǰ㻹ŵϢ϶ܸ˵ģǲ֪ԸԸһ棿
⻰ҲЩӣĸף˵ģͳ˧ӣھĽ͵ϵʱ򣿡

ڿԿ϶ǰԼĸףͿԷвˡ
ϣãϣҲô
ʧˣͷ糤衢ǵʱǷһЩʲô


1409 
Ǿñͳ˧ȥһɡ
˵⻰˻֣ߣСӣҵҷȥ
սƷĲˣǽԴϲÿԱõԼӦõսƷ
ߣЩһʱܷǲż
ȻͰһ棬ȸһһɣϣһʲô
ҪǱһֱҲûйȥǰ飬ȻԴһˡ
һˣת뿪˶˹㳡ϣɽɢ
Ǹ죬׼ǵļ档

ķ䣬ݻһѪķΧΧƵǽڣɱΧ䡣
䲻֮󣬱һż򵥵Ĵ̣һż򵥵ʯż򵥵ʯʣϾսõıڲʲôһֵĶڡ
ط̫ʺϼ桭ҵСȥɡ
صԼ䣬ɨΧһۣȻҡҡͷ˵һȥɣ֪ģôˣһŮ˾ӿ죬ֻһ˵Ļ϶˵

⻰˵һ㶼ŵġ
ûûƤǼʶˣȻС磬Ǿˣ˻ô鷳
ȥǣչ˵ǵ飬һ㣬ǾñȽ׵ġ
Ǿ߰ɡ
˵ͷһ̧֣֮Լ˶Ȼ߶ֱӽ뵽СУ
ķУǲõʲôȫ⣬ͳ˧ķ䣬˭Ե޹ʴɣ
ΪԷһСͷ䣬һʲôҲܹ̳Ӧԡ
ȼ˭
ʵ
٣˵λɡ
۾˵
СУһƬ޾գԶɵĴ½
ȻҪˣȻҪһһˣӦöԻָŸõĹЧ
뿪ǰڿʼ֪˰٣ҴӰٿУ˵йԼĹ¡
٣ҪһЩȴǺܺõĺѣֻ챻ƹһ·׷ɱ׳вųʧ١
СУҵԼ氮Ѿ˰ȵ
ڱѩ۹Щ˵ĵλǳȻ֮ϵģ٣籱ȵȸйصˡ
Դ֮ǾͶסϿյıѩ۹ģȻȨȴҲٳǰʹԼȨ
һĹϵڱѩ۹ǹǱߣǸһЩչˣһЩѵԴŵȵȡ
ǰٻǱǸԹԼ鶼ˡ
ȴ죬˱ѩ۹֮һɽҰɽ֮ϣ
٣Ǵİ˾ס
ʵߵŮӣҲʶģǰƹŵ٣֮ǰʱֻкżᶨվߣ춨֮Ѻꡣ
ٸ໥˺øУȻȻľߵһھסڱѩ۹ĻҰ֮⣬ȻڵѾһСӣֻٵУԶԶûг
Ҫ˵٣ʵϣ٣ϵģֻ첻һϵˣϾ챻ңƹʱֻǺеһĵӣ˫λԶ
ʱ˿̣ٸ٣ԺЪϢȻԵãٻԼұ̸
Զ˵Ӱ߻֣Ȼ߼ɹһӾͱٺ˿С
˭
ٸ٣ȻЩ⣬סطûʲôҹǣ˱żһ֮⣬ûˡ
ڣӰȻǱ
ңӰһǳɽģϳҰ֮⣬ûʲôĿˡ
ܿ죬𽥿ɽ塣
ڰٺУһ˵ģʱ¶ޱȾȵɫ
˵˭Ȼ͡죡ҵˣ
Ĳ죬ľϲ˵Ҫ˵ⱲӻʲôźǾֵδ
챻ƹʱûֹһʹ
ڣһֱ죬ȴͻȻǰ
Ҳϳ죬վ̧ͷңߵӰҲֳ˾֮ɫ
ǲǣǲǡţ
̲סԶԶ죬Ǵƹ˵еӢۡ
ţǰ͵磬֪Ǳ׷ɱ׳С
ôʱ䶼ûϢû뵽쾹Ȼлһ죡
ǿжΪϾϢȽģο֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ٺңңķȥ

ԶԶٺ٣㿪ʼܣλǰ٣ڴƹʱõֵܣǴƹڵ
ڵİٺˣȻûôȴҲӵؾΪаڣڡ
ڵıѩ۹Ϊ㲻ʲôҲ׷ЩΪԱǾ㹻ˣʲôǿڹҪǲ죬ҲĸͨѶʱ֪ͨѩ۹ľŹ
Сӣò԰
쿴˰ٺһۣʱһ£֪λֵܣҲЯЯôڲؾΪ
Ȼûߵ£ͱôռұˣ뵱ҵٵչ˺
ͷԸ񣬲ǽ͵⣬ٺǰҲЯԸҴŵˣڶսڳؾˡ
ţԭˡ
۾ԶԶһ٣ȴԼǲʲô
Щƾһ棬û취ġ
ȥ̸һܷһЩʲôɣ
һЦӿٶȣܿͽɽϵļǰ粽Ű˹ȥ
˫棬òæˣϾǶ֪Է˭
û뵽ʧȥǰ£컹ֱܸӽڣ׼̸ˡ
ֻͷһ
ˣ
ˡ
ϲϲ

һһţܿĵ˹ںͺŵ⣬ԭţڱѩ۹ĵ۶Уѿˡ
ŵʶģеĺ֮㡣


1410 
ʱҲšԼ֮濵һ
뷨ʱѾ彮ǺУȻǲӦǺе룬ǵ粻㣬Ǻӵ񣬴ӶûǺӵʸ
ԣֻǼԼСУһֱȥ
Сѡƶȣһ㹻츳֣߳۾ͻǼʱͽǴȥ
źڣʱûгִﵽεĵӣԣȻڱѩ۹ĵ۶ڣչ
˺þãûеȵٺ˴ڳ
ϦбٶЦЦȽȥ㷹ˣҲ֪ҪĵȥأǻǲҪվˡ
š
˵ͷ
ٽȥװΰ趼ܼ򵥣ˬЩĽء
ϧעϰƽ
ڣδȥͰˣҲûһ·٣Ǹٵָ·һеķС
ƽǷõģط
֮ǰսԼǷȱʲô棬Ҫʱһ¡
Ҫķ棬Ȼطħ֮ˡ
ħ֮ģ֮ǰڶصľ磬ܵٶѾˣʵսлǸϽࡣ
֮ǰδ׾ĻѲ߾Ӣսⲫʱ򣬲ͱԷ׺ɱ
ʱħ֮ľߵĻսȻһЩ
ѾĸµЩ㹻һħ֮طأ
ֻҪ㹻ߴ֮ҪطĲΣǷǳѸٵġ
СУʹ㹻ԼСڣʩչ֮ܽλСطŵյԼ
ҲУħ֮ţϵѪȫ£һˣ̾ͿԽлָ
ʱ˿̣ħۣ֮ħ֮ʼŵڶࡣ
С֮Դָٶȱü죬ṩǱʮǻ˼
յҩĻܵ൱һǧö̫żҩĳ̶ȣ
һǧö̫żҩǶôӴһԴ
ӵСߣˣһ̤ؾС磬С൱ԴԴĸĵҩʡܶԴ
һС磬һôǧ飬ɼ̤ؾĲʵ̫ˡ
ӵôţҪҪǰȥһ¹壿˵޷Ҫ޾似ء
ô˵ħ֮ĲҪġ
ԴԴĳħ֮۹ħ֮ĵǿȣ̬ȥò˼ʱطĲˡ

ȥһһҹʱ䡣
ôܵܿͱȫ۵ħ֮ȥħ֮طֱ˵صĲΣ
ħ֮ģȷǱ֮塢ƿصѶҪö࣬µܽħ֮ȥ
Ϊп
ǳ㣬ֻҪħ֮˵أûʲôõĵطˣʱ򣬾עǧٶȸһЩ
ϾҲൽҪǺӴ˲ŵʱˣû֮ԴСʮٶȣҪһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ڣȴ׾ٵĽħ֮˵ء
˵СڣָٶȾһЩδҲ˿ѷɫģ
һһҹȥûκ
ĹԼڵʱ΢עһΧְٺԺڰѾԻһԵơ
ǵӣƺĵΪͶӡ
Ҳ֪һһЩûУ
ţȴûȥŶԷһ˾ʹʧˡ
ȻͰٻû̸飬͵ȥһЩȥһ¹޷֮ġ
ڵĹ壬һµõ֮ǰʮԴȻǹöˣٹСܹ磬ʮ鶼һַܷϵĶ
һγ޷ǰʱ޷ȻҲڵȴ
޷̱ǰ߲δУЩգ˫޷
ȴЦһЦֽ̧˳
Ҳϵ˫Σ˫ͨΪսʶȫԽյ޷ġ
Ҳ˵ֻҪӵ˫սޣܹнġ
ʲôֱ˵ɡ
ֱͨӶ޷˵
޷ܿҲͨԺУˣ֮ǰһӣǹñǰöˣл˿
Լģֻ֮ƽȽ׹ϵˡ
ЦЦضԷ֮ǰҲ˵ֻҪÿṩһö޾似ҾͿԸһʮ
ˣȻǽףӦǹƽģԹƽġ
޷һ´ǣȻԴ˵ǿԲϻָԴ޾似˵ȴǶһһġһһµĽףǹ˵ʵ̫Կˣ
ҪΣ
۾һ䡣
һö޾似򣬶һԴõģ
޷ֱ˵ԼҪǲʱ˵޾似֣ǿԱԼȫġ
ǣҪľǸ̸У
õ˵ȴǲ㣬Ľ׵ĻɲҪ޾似
ǺһЦδӦԷĽּۻ۶û
ʮͶţ൱Ҫһɵ
ڵĵ࣬ҪĵҪԴͶš
ʣ޾似ͶҪҪһЩϾ޾似õжûء
ǣΣ
޷һ£Ȼٴǹ壬ǰҲйؾǿߣҲ֪Ȼָԣṩ屶Դ˵ӰӦòǺܴģ
ûеõ֮ԴôӰ컹ĲСӵ֮Դ屶Ļоʲô
ֻǣܸԷһ۵Ĵ
ܽܵ޶ˣֻνףö޾򣬽õͶţĻһܿǿǡ
ֱ˵Լĵߡ


1411 ״
޷Ϳʼ
ͶţȻǹõٵķչᣬܹеĴԱ˳ɳ
еĳԱֻҪ˳ɳ꣬жǵ۾ǵ۾ĲεΪǵĳɳҪľ㹻
ĲΣҪľͲˣǵõһЩ֮ҪôֻԼŬǶĻҲпôһΡ
Ѷʵ̫ˣ̫ǰǺӹżʱ岿䣬ûʲôܹġ
ʱżҵһö֮Ȼжһ磬޷ھǵ۾ĲΡ
С֮޷ЩΪһ޷˵츳ȷǺǿġ
㹻Դ޷δػ˪ЩĲϾ޷Ҳǹ߱츳һˡ
ȻֻʣʮʵϣлŲŵģڹ屻ʱʸ񱻱ģȫѪ
ڹУÿͨĳԱ츳õǰéģܹﵽڵҶ΢ǸΣ
ΪˣűҪúõĿסЩһҪȻһСûסǣпܾͻ鷳
뵽Ϊϧġ
࣬ı죬ҪȻĻ뽫ʮ嶼յǺһµĻʮսŵİٱϣ
ֻϧôǿڵƿزˣԷԻǺв
һʲô⣬ʧֽ׶Σǲܰƻʵġ
޷Ƭ̣Ҫ¾ǱȽϼѵģڵĹ޷ƿأֻҪһͿˡ
иľߣô͸¶ˡ
Ҳżںúù۲ŹʮԱ壬ӵһٸͷķǶߡ
ⲿֹԱռʮеİٷ֮ʮţֻʣµİٷ֮һҲǲǧͷǺ޷һĹ塣
ʷмصĹ壬ȫİʮɣڹеĹ壬ÿһĹİʮ
޷ӵʮ˸Ⱥǿ֮һˣ֮⣬ǻǿߣÿӵ߰ٸϣ
ҲǴ֪ΪʲôÿһʷмصĹһˡ
ʷУķǶߡ塢Ĺһģһİʮǧٸ
ڣǵҪʷмصҪһЩ
ΪӽԵˣǰȼɭϣǶߣԲܸһ
ǵԴ֮Ϊ˱Ƕߡ塢֮䣬ʼͨΪ
ǣ͵ӵвͬĹ塣
޷ʮУ޷ȻӵйģȴǹѪͳΪһ
ȫܹõѪͳԵˣ
ͷھӵ߰ٶĹţѪͳȴǺܴޡ
ֻҪ̤ؾ޷ܳԽǣΪǿߡ
Ȼڣͷ߰ٶĹţȫֻǵ۾ǵ۾ĲΣ޷ʵǲ˲ٵġ
Թ˽⣬֮ǰ˲٣ϾԷҲСдôʱˣЩһֱڰעء
ԼСе飬Ȼһġ
Ҳһֱ취Щ嶼Ϊãϧһֱû뵽ʲôȽϺõİ취ʼǴкܴķգ²ȥġ
ȻˣǾǼСкˣɶʱ뵽˰취ǡ
֮ǰܹӵе޾似ھǺǺõĶ
õУս޽֮գǿܸߵսսѾԽսʱ
˼⣬޷ǱߵȻҲڳ˼
˴Űʱ޷ͨˣȻˣǱ㰴մ˵ĺˣõͶţһö޾似򣡰չ似ǽѡ
ԣǾô˵ˡ
۾ʾͬ⡣
ʵϣӵ֮Դ˵ʮṩ̫ѵ飬Ӱ첻Ǻܴ
ö޾似򣬶˵Ųõġ
Ӽֵ˵ռ˼ı˵ģҪǷŵ磬֪жҪȡأֻϧܽŵͷȥ
ˣҲֻһռˡ
֮뽻׸࣬Ҫ޾似򣬱ϾǴײˣҲһѹե̫ࡣ
Էӵе޾似Խ٣Խ׷ʣһﻹǺġ
ϾԷÿ궼Ҫṩһö޾似Ҫ̫ˣǿ϶ţҪѰҳ·˵ʲôʱ͸ӣɲá
ԣö޾似ĽףӦڶԷĳܷΧڣҲֽܹ׶ε׻ǿеġ
˫״ɣȻ͵˽ˡ
ö޾似޷׼ˣֱӾͽҲִ̧߶֮߾ۼ
Ͷţܿ͵λˣҲûиԷīɣֱӾʹ޾似뿪˴˵ء
һƬԴӼǰһ±Ͷʮ֮ӹúܲǶǻ
Ͷţ֪δӽԽԽù
ȻȻǱСУôطûʲôⷢǱȽϰȫȶ
Ҫ뿪С磬һΣˣ廷ţûܹǡ
ڣܹڻһǵĴڣǺôܹȥ
һ֮£صϣٺٵļ԰󷽣³ǸУ
ʱ򣬰ٺ컹ĽУԺвϴЦҲ졣
ûȥЩʲôֻ֪ҪûһؼĻôһжǰ״
֮Լõö޾似򣬷ֱЩ似Ͼص顣
似һͨ似
һۣʱЩʧǱͨ似ڣ似˵ûʲôô
似һһݺǵǲ˵ûã壬޷似ġ
Ǳͨ似һ似ֽ׶ǺҪģϾӵУԶ˲ƣڶ̾ҲпսеֶΡ


1412 նж
似˵ûʲôãǺȴǺõġ
һ似һͨõĿ似ݺĻ޽֮գܹ
һúĵĹ似Ϊ޾Ʒ似乥ǿȾԲʧҺĵʽһ㶼ǴһЩЧġ
ԵޣǺеûж١
ţ뵽֮ǰѧԺʱ򣬸ԼһһѧԱҲ˫֮һŮѩ
ѧԺ޺࣬һһıڲǺУƺҲһѩޡ
⺮Ե幥似ǿںʵʱóȥˡ
һǲرģΪ似Ψ߽һ̶֮󣬲ܹиƴر
˾൱ȫˣеϧ
һ£ǺҸˣȰ似ˣóȥˣȽϺá
ѧԺڵһͨϼܣж̶ʱ䣬ʱڣԼǵò㹻սŻˡ
ԣһ޾Ʒ似ҲһֶΣԼ˵׬˵ġ
ôţȴͻȻ˽
СӣǸˣͷһЩ⡣
ɫЩأкһ
š
Ҳûȥʷʲô飬뿪ȥ֪ˣһ㷴ӦûУųԱ֮ͨѶֶΡ
쿴ѾٸǹˣҲֻǳŰٺٷ˻֣֮죬һС֮ȥ
ǰתܿͻص췿С
С飬ûʲôɣ
ֱӶСʹ˸ɫ
зɵԣͷʲôӦûʲô⣬ʲôΣյ飬ֻǣЩ鷳
š
˵ͷŶʵΣûʲô䣿
ûУٶҽ˺ܶǰ飬ϧһ㶼ǲˡ飬˵ͷͬҪӪء
һ˵ţһ׼˳ȥ
ȻҲֱӸˡ
ϾǻսһЩ飬ֻǲ֪ǵ׷ʲô飿
ܿ죬֮ǰָ
Ȼͷ濴ȥȴһϤĶ飬һӵĻŰΧϮ
ǸϤĶ飬պþոմӻΧȦнȳǸ׾ţڴŻʣǧˣ
͸ոôЩʱ䣬нһǧ˱Χɵ
׾ô£ϱΧ
ͷ亹׾ŵҲ̫˰ɣոձӰΧȦоȳûþȻֱΧһΣ
˵׾Ǳ˶ˣ
ҲֻһԴһˣڼֶսлǲֵģΪʵ̫ˡ
ڣ͵ÿʲôˣǿ϶ҪȵģؼҪôȣֱӴ
ڵûʲôϵˣֻҪ￴žˡ
ռһ鱨ǻŵʵΡ
Ѹ´һһؼı鱨ռ֪֪˲ܰսʤܹӵ˺պǿ鱨ռǷֲġ
У鱨Сֶ̾Ϳʼж
ȻǿȺ˵жˣֻ֪Źһ͵õԼҪ֪Ĵϡ
ڣݣһڸȫģΧ׾źͰΧŵĻţ֪Ա߻һ
ţ㹻ʱȷԼȫ£ѡȥӪ׾š
׾ţ߶δͷδͷδ׶ʮͷĶδ׼µΪܹǧˣǧ˶ûдﵽ׵ˮ׼Ǹ׼Ļ׾ţ
콫鱨СֶӵõϢһ£Ȼ¶Ц⣺ȻˣŵӲˡսС׼жͷ͵ϮٶȸɵЩų͸ų
նжʼ
Կó飬žԲǵһˡ
ӵһεĸݣ͵ϮǵӦֵģҲ֪εģ
Ѳ˹ϵˣսϵãԱȵٷЩսݣй֮
ϾεĸݣںܶطóЧ
ֻҪϷͿˡ
ǰУ׾ʤȯգϵĳűΧ׾ŷ˫ļȫ
ÿʱỵ̈ս
ȻúԶҲܹܵսһɱգ׾УÿԱʩչȫҪ赲Ľ
ȻƾǵķĺȫֵסĹƣ˷Ȼ
׾У߶δ׵ľųսϳŲͬг̣ÿγ̣ǿĿս䱬üͷף
Ȼ䱬˼ͷ֮̾δ׾ĻֳڶԷ£ųҲò˿ȥȻѡͼͻΧ
ֻİΧȦΪܣÿ򣬶һЩδ׾Сӳӳأų޷ֱͻΧȥ
ңһųǿͻΧļ󣬻ڵ߶δǿߣҲж
ȫǸܲ͸ŶУû˿ѵĻᣡ
ŵˣʱ١
УкüרŸնжĶ飬ЩȻû̫ǿĴڣǿҲδ׵ˮ׼ȴܹɵ߶δ׵Ļǿߣ
ϸ۲ųУܿ죬ڼնжĶӰ
Ӱʱ򣬻׾˵ȻҲˣҪӦȴˡ
УЩնжĶ飬ÿԱӵһ̫Ʒ
ÿ˶̫Ʒѵ˵ϣ
Ҳ˵Щÿһ˵ʵսǱȵϺݺεĴڣ
ÿն׶飬߸ʮˣٵĸδ׵Ļ죬˶ĸ߶δ׵ĻųֹЭÿζΪȷ
ܹжʮն׶飬ܹٸңʣˣڵľӢŶӣܶս񣬶ǲܹɡ
ڵնж
ԸǧģĻ׾ţͻԲһõѡܹʤҲʧܴ
ȽնжͿԱ⼺Ĵģ˵նжĶʮ飬ŸŶսͷӣԼ
ϣڵһǿߣЩն׶ˡ


1413 ž
ŵն׶һսȫһˣеЩ߶δסδ׶ס֮ԭΧ׾ǿߣҲ׷׿ʼͻΧ
й֮£׾һӾ
ն׶飬ǲ
۷Ź⣬רԶԷսĶ飬ǺУƺҲӦ齨һС
սϣֶƺܹܴļֵЩսǿ߷ֿļֵҪߵöࡣ
Уܶն׶ոճ֣Ѿеĸսǿ߸סҽԷȫѹס
ȻԱѰսʿɧţҲ޷ǵСӳӳȳ
նжÿԱӵоѵϵ̫ƷҲͳһططЧƺܹǿ̫Ʒ
Уն׶ͳһãط̫ƷӵױȵĹͻԸս˵ʱǿЧ
ֻһ棬ͷδױֱӸɵʬ屻նСӵֱڻбŪˡ
δ׾Ļ壬ʬСкУвٺöģɲ˷ˣҲϵսӷ⡣
һ֮㷢֣Щն׶鼸ѾԼĶָɵˣ׾У߶δסδףʣһǿܾų
ܾųжʮնжĶԱȥԸȻһʱȴҲ޷ɵϾ˫ս̫ˡ
ʱ򣬱Χ׾ŵľų͸ųȴڳΧֱ߷֧Ԯ
׾ŵų߶δ׵ΪһսֱӾͽԷܾųѹסˣ϶ʮնжĶԱѸײڶ֮ƣԷˣ
ܾųΧߣﲻʲôæεսУΨǿ߲Ӱս
ܾųȫ棬ȻһΣȫֱӻָҲսתҪ߶ռܡ
ȻͻȻЩնСӣô϶ǿˣڲߣˣö
ȴˡ
Сӣ
ڸݵָ´ָʱһŵķֱֶӶ
Сӵֻ࣬ˣÿһӵкǿֶΣǾǿռأ
ӵеֶΣʩչľ򣬿ԽڵĿռȫϵκ˶޷ãӶص˲öԷܵЧ
Χռ䣬̾ͱ׷κж޷ÿռģǻ߶δ׵ܾų
ǻܾų̾´ָ׾ŵĳԱȫԱ
ָ֪֮Ϊпʼвٻ׷׿ʼԱǿѾӲˣƴҲҪһȺ汳µ
ֻϧҲԤϵġ
ܶ£ûϣ£ԱǾõֶΣڶԷһ֣ôûз
İС꣬ʱ˿վһֱӾ뿪˸ݣǰǰս룬Ȼ̧˫һ˲鲼ȫ
ž磡
˲ȫȻóһĳֵı仯սеˣоԼڵƺһӳҪ˵ԱˣҪʩչһЩǿֶΣȫ
ž磬һƷ
һֶγǰһһƷ󣬴˵ͨ񾳽ֶΣȻ
žһмһӼž˶ò̫ǿȫ
ԭݱս˲
׼֣
һ£ŵĴ󲿶ʱֻһ˲䣬ͽٵսУΧĻսʿһ
֮սΪžԭ˼žȫûܹʩչʲôǿֶΣսʿսҲȫ±İǧսʿֱӸɵ
ţžͿʼ˱仯
սеļž磬ֱӻֳ˾Ÿ֣ÿһеļž磬ʼͬı仯
ı仯֮ǰˡ
ĳֵļžʧЧʱǸеųԱһʱͳߵĻ巢ƣ
սʿǣ֪žʲôʱʲôʱǿǳһ˼ͷ֮󣬸ոҪطžһǿѹס
Ÿеļž粻ϱ仯ǿû˿ɡ
ı仯У׾ŵ٣ÿʱÿ̶ϰͷŵսʿУ
ⳡ̾Ϊֹ
ţֲܹսң
žһƷЧƽһս¯ˡ
ʩչǲЧ
žһʱŸս򲻶ϱ仯ÿα仯ʼŵĳԱһֱʩչֶնɱ壬巴Ӧģֻбɱķݣ
ڼžı仯ûκιɣֻսʿܹ׼ĳ֡
ķӦٿ죬ҲҪϰģֲεսУһգ۵ʱ䣬ʹš
̶һʱȥаǧףֱӾֻʣһ벻УЩ߶δסδ׸ȫһûܴ
Ⱥ׵£׾ԽԽңʧԽԽ
𽥵ģҪžЧˣѾȫһ浹Ļǳʱ˿ȴûκá
սڣѾûκˣ׵ϼ٣ǧǧǧһǧ
ʣµĻɢĻѡԱžһԱǶź׾һЩʧʧ
Ϊɨ׾ŵʱȽеĴ׸ɨɾˣʣµѰؾ壬ԱҲʱûʲôر
ǴԱĻͲһˣԣǰֹС
ȻŴ̵ľǳḻսȻΪһʱܵˣȴࡣ
ȫҲʮڣ˵ҲʮˣЩȫΪԱҪȻĻ
սУǺ飬ľӢţⲻ˻һսмԱ
֮ǰȫȫµսʵ̫ˣܶ£սܹսսѾǳ˲ˡ
˵սŵκһ׾ϣ㹻Ǹųһӵġ
ߣȴֻͳ˧£һͨļսѡ
սеľӢ
һľųһսƻһִԱһսܹһսš


1414 ٴջ
սѾûκˣѹԵƣ˻Ǹ׾š
ǸŰΧ˵һʱڵڶλˣҲ֪ΪԼôùǱΧ
ҪŸպڸĻʧἫΪأп׾Ŷ˱ɨ
Ȼʤ̣Ҫսˡ
սǸ׾ŲδʲôҪ󣬶ǽȨøţϾǧˣȻҪһЩлġ
׾ŵԴˣҲսϾ֮Ĺˡ
ܿǲڶӳȥǸŵڶǿʬ塢Դʰ˻
ţΪ˷ֹǸһαΧԷԸһж˵
ֻϧ첢û㣬ǣŵ֮⣬ʸݰɡ
٣һ׾ţ컹öԷģҲԵ൱صԭ֮һˡ
ٴջĶȻǵһջҪһЩҲһμջŵĳԱȫϲġ
ٴη䶫ͬҪʲôȴδҪ
֮ǰװ׷䵽һսƷǿ˵ڱ͵òҪٽܵĻǾԵЩˡ
Ҳô㶫ȥǷһЩ顣
ԷԼϵҲȥο컹ʧ״̬֮Ĺϵڲȷ״̬
Ӫս˶̶ʱʱͽˣ׾ų𣬶طǺѾرԶ
仰˵ȽϿΧҲôٳǿˡ
ȥһ·̣Ӧÿ˵һ·̹;ˣ˵ȥһʱ䣬Ǵؼһ
ΪȥҪȥһĸױ
ȻҪööࡣ
԰˵첻֣ҲѾ̶ˣĹ켣ȥ
Ա˵ȴȻ
ʲôѡȻܾ򣬶ڱ˵Ҫˣɾˡ
ȥ˵ҵ𡭡⵹ǲżһηսƷˡ
ڷУЦһЦȻȡһöָ佻
ӹָһͷδ׾Ļʬ壬ϾֻԹһսŽδ׾ĻʬָѾ൱ˡ
Ȼûеõ߶λεĻʬ壬Ѿˣ
ϾͶõģ˾Ѿܲ˼ˣʲôʸȥҪأ
߶λεĻʬ壬ûж٣УҲ٣ʩչžꡣ
ڻ֪Ǽһʲô֣ҲҪԷеһ
һʲôء
ԷܣҲȥʡ
δײεĻʬ壬ӡУҪתһͷҪʱ䣬ӦǸʬйء
תһͷδ׵ĻΪڰҪһʱ䣬δ׻Ļδ׵ʮңתͲʮӡ
һµĻҪתһͷ߶δ׳ΪڰýһӣҲʱ䣡
˵ʱе㳤ˣûбҪϾҲǰﲻ̫æδ׵ĺڰȫ㹻Ӧһˡ
ŵٴջ񣬸ûʲôϵˡ
УȴսϽʤϻ֣ܶôõ潫Ǽ侪˵ġ
˵ģ׾ŸŴ棬ټֵڵսŹѫ
Ȼ˾֣ÿҲܵõüսŹѫЩѰ˵ѾһʲƸˡ
ĳЩضʱ̣رҪԴĻֻҪһܣɱһ׾ţ̾ܵõܶսŹѫ
ĻǲὫսƷΪеġ
УÿԱҪʵΨˣܶԿǿţӶջࡣ
ϾҲҪչԼˣŵģʽǱȽԸȥоһµġ
Ѳ߶ӡڶӡն׶ȵȵĽ裬һЩ
ǺĹУ԰ģʽܹ֯ĿȻҪչԼȻҪһ֯ṹܻ֮ǰɢɢġ
ҪȻһʲôִǺ»ҳһš
Ȼֽ׶ΣǺӿ϶ᱻʲôж֣ʲôвһ죬ǺӽٸָĶ֣òΪ׼
õͷʬ嶼ӡУʶҲΪˣϾҲǿܹﵽࡣ
Ȼʶ䵭еӹɵģܹﵽ࣬ʶǻܿĵġ
˵ûиʶȡһء
һ룬ֱӾСˣССսʶ˵ܵѡ
ߵ˼ȫͨģҪȥʲôҪ˵ֱһͿˡ
սϵ˫εĺô
ΨһƵľǣδоѵһ㣬˵̫ƷĵһǺܼ򵥵ġ
ѵΪС̫ƷԾѶȱ̫ƷһЩ
ţԽԽпܡ
ϾСľѵһЧ൱̫Ʒѵ߲ĳ̶ȣôѵѶҲǲģ
ҲͿԽˣΪôʱûܹоѡ
ҡҡͷûȥⷽ⣬̫ƷľѣܹƵģֻȻȻԵ
˼Ƿϡ
˰٣ûǰһЩʲô飬ɼҪôװģҪôʧȥļʵʧȥЩס
ĻҲѼʲôĻñջϲһ
ôڼȻҵ죬ͲűˣܽΣǵǼһ档
ڽΣǾͲܹƿصˡ
ûгɹڱ˵Ҳûʲôź˰ɡ
ţС˱λãȻ֮Լ죬һԼСǰһεıѩ۹½ϣ


1415 ֱ
һٴλص˾ڵС硣
ʱ䣬֪ĸױһֱĴΪ˱֤İȫǲһŮӣڱߡ
һǱ֤ʲô⣬ҲűһһŮӡ
ϾŸո̤뵽ڣȻչˣõ˲Դϵûа취ר
ԣҪĴɢġ
ǰһֱһӳϣǼˣ͸ֿˣϾϵ죬һˣҲ˼һֱһ
ӳϵ͵ϵľǹΪ˱ͦȴж׷ɱԵɺ֮£պñյõȡ
֮ΪԵʣһֱһǺܺõѣӳԭ͸ǳҪõģҪȻҲΪ˱Ըų׷ɱ
ǰ֮󣬱ĹϵչĲڱѩ۹Ȱӳϣǰˣˣ׷
ӳϣǰΪ˱׷ɱǺܸмġ
ôʱṩԴ֮Ҳ٣˵˭Ƿ˭ˣлͻѣҲȥ
ͲһϾĸס
ڱѩ۹ĴɢģҪҵȴҲףϾСˣ֮֮£Сеһжεġ
ûãҵ˱ڣȻڱѩ۹ıһƬѩ֮Уڱԭѩ
ڱԱߣȻһŮ飬ǵĵĵӡ
Ȼûȴܹ֪ߵһŮţƺΪѾ۾ڵΪڱѩ۹ľڻ㹻ȫġ
죬˲ƬԭϿգԡһƬѩУʱûнȥ
λĸױˡ
ŵѩɢеıָһָȻ˵
ƾڵֶΣڱϿգԷͲֵܷģŮһܷ֡
˵ͷ۾ű۲˹ȥ
ʱȻüͷ΢壬Ϊ֣ĵŮƺЩЩɻ̧ͷһ˹
ѵǷʲô
ɫ䣬ȴЩˣڸǱԾƿֶθϢģҪ˵۾ˣĶδ׶ܷǵټ
ӣȻǷͷʲô
棬ϸ۲һŮȴǸĶޢŮڱѩ۹̤۾ھеˣֲܱĿϣΪӡ
Ѱ˲ͬǣĶԵñȽϼ⣬ƺ˶øͷԾҲ֪֪䣿
ôȷǷԼټ˵ǸܵߵĲԾ
ΪһЩȤڽĳЩʱĻܶ»÷ǳ㡣
ԷĵĵӣҲ˼ǽŵģֻܵȴʶʶ˵ˡ
ͳ˧ȥɣѾˡ
˵ţ·һ˾̬ȻΪľҲ֪ͷʲôڷѩС
ȻˣȥûʲôҪˡ
ȻԼʩչ߶Ӱ֮黯ΪޣҲа취ԸŮȴûҪ
ֱԳȻ·˲Ƴȥת˲ŮǰԶ
ѩУһ̧֣ѩڰͣһס˰֮У
ͣķѩˣһ۱˶ԷԷ۵ס
ó¶ϲɫҪкϾҲͦûˡ
Ǻܿ㿴գ˵סˡ
졭磿
ڵ촽ţȻЩš
û뵽˼ҹ죬ͻȻǰԲϴΪʱ죬ǰʹֱʱ̵컹һģһûʲô仯
˫̺ŵ飬ȻҲֻǣȴǷЩˡ
ΪûмǰŮӵķֺ䣡
£ҪȥƭŮӣ˵ʵ߶ԷöԷеʹ࣬飬컹Ǻó
ȻսϣǸͳ˧ڣС磬ΪľֻһԼʧļˡ
ڣҲˣȴҪȥ˺һŮӵģʵЩ̡
֮ǰٵʱ򲢲ͬڰ٣ǵ֮ǰ֣ҲԵԷһȥ
ǣԱʱȻ
ʧˡ
˸Ըӵ̬ҡҡͷǰ˵ʵңƺʧȥļ䲢ûа취һˡ
Ůӣܼô϶һ۾ͼˣֻǣҲûκμ䡣
Ҳ̾˿
ⷬȴδʲôʧ͸һĨο֮ɫ˵أֲãֲãЩ㶼ûлǣһΪ㵱׳ؾѾžͺãžͺá
һ˵ţһȴЦᡣ
ĸˣģΪ֮ǰ겢ˣֻΪʧ˶ѣ
ȴҲʹΪ˻û˵Ƕļ䣬пҲˣ
һҲʲô
ʲôܶ˵ˣ˵ʲôأҸȻرһ¡
룬Ա˵ţȻһԵŮʹ˸ɫ
һôãȻ֪Щһֱϵ˭ͻȻ죬ſⱱ顣
ˣûҪڳġ

ɫŹֵĿһСӣС𣿲ǱĶ
ʱ򣬲οһ±
ǾãʱԼûʲôãϾ֮У˵飬ȥҪѡԼҲﲻʲôæġ
Ͼ˫ֿʱֻǸ˵ӤأûҪ֮䡣
Ȼû˼䣬̣Ҳ֪Ӧôġ
ǶͦȤ
ȻȤǷĸȤ˵ֱֽеȤҪģʸոηԼġ
һ㣬ΪģǱߵȻģԼȴ岻֣ôԼȥɡ
ߵԱߡ
ͬʱҲͬ棬ûֻǸʦĺڵı˵֡
ö֮Ͷ˺ܴĺ档


1416 
ˣԣ˭Ҳ֪Ӧȿ˵Щʲô
ûεĵطȻϣĸ˫ܹͺã飬Ҳһܹġ
ʹߵԱȥѩ£ֻǸһƬ򣬷ѩڿͣͣ㡣
㲻ȥ˵˵Ӧ֪˵ǶôҪʧˣҲûġ
˵
ҡҡͷܼǿģûôΪʧˣҲҡ
Ȼദʱ䲻࣬ƽΪֹУҲóһЩԸ
Ϊ챻һѺͱԺʮּ꣬į˭ܹܵ˵ģȴǳɼǼᶨ
֮ǰΪһֱ֪ںδ־룬ñĸԴ
ڣڳǰڵʵ֣ȻѾʧ䣬Ҳ㹻ñ֮ǰһĨִ
ڽȥôҲ֪ȴԿ϶ԲΪʱʧȥҪҪġ
Ͳ˴ˡ
㣬ոҺ컹ûг֣ôͷˣ
Դ˸ӺһЩֱӶʵ
ԣϸһۣҲ֪һֱܱʦΪ״ӣҲΪһż٣Ϊӡ
츳ֱܲ
ǰһҹȻûв´ֻһ츳ֱϾط֮ĻЧ
ѵֶκôŲᱻƼ
ƲƲ졣
Щ棬վǱĶӣҲûʲôµģ˵ʲô˵ʲôˡ
ȻСˣҲû˿ɵ
ԸͦθڣȻҪ黨ǲݣֻǵѾͷƢ԰ˡ
ţҵȻеģʵϳ֮⣬ûйκһؾµˣܹټġ
ʵʵ˵Ц
ô˵һӦͦҲŶԡ
һЦΪ峺ôƽͣǷԭеһ˿š
ӵһС磬ʲôĸо
Ҫ̤ؾҪԴ
طô죿
ſ֮ղסˣϵĳʳһЩ⣬Լܹ⣬ȻֱӻشˣܶණˣԸ˵˵Ҳ޷
ЩȴֻԼ򣬶޷Դġ
磬Ҫ̤ؾ֮֮Ͳ˵˵ܹˣʱΪƿ˰˳ɵľӡҽ뵽˾ĺģܹ˳򵽴֮
ˣ֪ͻƵؾżϿ೤ʱ䡣
ţʱܿȥҲһЩйĵĽ֮ġ
ԭڶѾ̤ǵ۾ĲˣȻûʲô֮գ츳ȴӲĶ磡
츳ɲʲô˶еġ
û뿪С磬òôഴ֮ĻҪ츳ġ
ǵ۾εģȻСУΪȷѩ۹ķչܹ˳
ȣĵĳǸıڣãҲԸȾ˥䡣
Ȼڱѩ۹λʥϿգλѾΪԽȻġ
ڱѩ۹ʱľʹ츳״ӣǿľţȷѩ۹뿪ӵǿս
ԼѾ׼뿪ˡ
ҲǴУŵ֪ЩҪȻĻȥģҪСдá
ҪܳʱĻǲṩһЩ֮Ͼĵʵܹεĺ֮һΪֻкôûл
֮ǰʱϵĴ֮ԼãȥͲرˣرصǺӵĻ֮ﻹԵõһʡ
ֵһǣҪߵĻǴ״һ뿪ģҪһǰ紳оͰǰѾͷ
ڵ۾ڵΪؾУҲ㲻ʲôǿĴڣԣ״ȫ̤뵽۾Σٽһȥ
Ҫǰ磬ǵȻֻͨġ
Դе뷨ѶҪǰǺӵģʱ䣬ҲȥһǺӿΣ
ܾûмˣҲ֪û緽ͻƣ
ʱ䣬ȥǺһˣ֮ٳĻܹϵѧԺаһȵ»ϼܡ
ҪĵľͨˣǺ⣬ϾͨƵܹڶ೤ʱڣʾġˮϵ̫֮нϵ̫֮ȫ͸
ʵһ
Χѩأѩ£Ϻܿ˰ѩ⶯һЩѩȫˮ
ԶͱˣӸոտʼҲѾڲϵţȻ֪ʲôƺá
ڣŹȥʱӣ칪˹Ȼת˹
㣬ôˣ
״˹ȥʵ
ûʲôȻǲһ𣬵ǽ⿪ҵһĽᡣ
΢΢һЦҲʲô֮飬ϣһ⿪֮ǰǸĽᣬͲʲô̫ˡ
ڽӦ֪ˣӦǲˡ
ʧˣһ㶼벻𣿡
˿Զվŵ죬Ϊ˵ʵ
ţҲû취ֻͦ棬꾿ʲô
һ˵ţһ߲ͷһЦСҲȥɣôһ;Ҳʱȥˡ
ԭܵˣ֮ǰѾȫˣϾ֮ǰõ̫ż˵ҩҪƱˣ׾ٵġ
ԣЩӵȴѸ٣ϾĽᣬܽ󲿷˼ϡ
ھͲһˡ
ǵʥԺԺԺŮ츳Ǿѵģ
˵ƾ츳Ŭһߵš֮Ĳء
˵ȻһϢñǰĽᵱ߳ҲǲģȻʧ˼ǲǰ飬δһ¡
Ȼ֪໥̸Щʲô˵㲻ܽܵľ


1417 ٴαΧ
뿪Ļһᰲһµģڣȵ簲ȫĵطǳȥҪȻĻ޷֤ǵİȫ
Ա֣˵
ţûģ㿴ʲôʱ򷽱㶼ԣҲһЩ׼ЩѣҪȥһһˡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ţҾˣͷûȫء
ҲЦһЦ˵
ͷսϣʱΣգĳЩ֮ǰͻȻ׾űΧһ
ֻҪսķΧڣʱ޿̲ſܴڵΣգΣղڻ壬пκ壡
˭Ҳ֪ʱ˿Ƭھжڴ⡣
뿪˱֮һ뿪ԼС磬ٴλصе췿С
˵Щʲô
Դ˻ЩģǱһʡ
˵Ȼ벻ǰļ䣬Ǻһ˵ʲôʱء
̯̯֣ϧԸȴȴҲһҵõļع顣˵ȥȴҵļع飬ڿʼŬȥʶŮˣҵͦϲģ
㣬Ȼʧˣ֮ȴʵӶˡ
ƲƲ죺Ȼ벻Ҳû취飬ˣȻûˣҾ͵ˡ
ȥĶ
ʵǺӻкܳһξ룬һˣ²ǺܰȫһȻصսݸ
ˣҼȻһ˹Ȼһ˻ȥ㵣ʲô
ҡҡͷ˰֣㳯Ÿ֮ȥ
ûֹ뿪ıӰοЦһЦȻ´ָǿ뿪ݡ

ӸгǰٴλָһƬ޾ա
֣ԼŴ߳һȫܲǸݵĴˣȻƭù
ҲϾʶ֪رǿȻžƿصļӳɣҲ൱δײεʶ֪
ǲ֪δ׵ʱʶ֪ǿȾѾԽѰ߶δףӽ񾳽ǿߵĳ̶ȡ
ʱܸܲܵݵĴˣ
⣬ȥΣޣʧյС
֮ǰȵǸ׾ţҲѾŷֿ뿪˴˵أӦߵǰͷȥٶҪصսһˡ
֮ҲǺӷѸٴԽУеմԽǰٶȿɱǸݿöˡ
ֻܹ֮Ρ
ˣ֮ڵκųԱȻȫʧȥټ֮еĳԱ档
ͳ˧Ķӣ
˵ÿ䣬ΪƣΪΪŵͳ˧û
ҪǣȻλ׵磬Ѿȵ̤뵽׵ĲΣǸ޵ˣ
ô룬Ȼȥˡ
ֻ֪ԼҪȥݺϣȻ㶨ѧԺ񣬵һͨѧԺϼܣȻٴһʵ
;һ¼
дֱӴԽ;ʱǰһҵĻȻС
ǿĻǰ
һݣǸպմԽײˣһʱ֮ҲûʲôõܷΨд߶Ӱ֮飬˶ֻȫС
һܹͻıк
ȵȶΧ۲쿪ȥʱڷطЩʶ
һȺ壬ͳǰһٶͷӣÿһͷδ׵Ĵڣ
Уʮͷ߶δ׵ǿ壬ܹһٶʮͷ壬һ׾ŸŰΧһ
ɫʱһ鴤
׾ţ֮ǰȥȳΧȦǸ𣿲ҲǲǰűžǸ
ڣ׾žȻһαΧˣ
ʲô
ɫһڣǰʵ²ܣɴȴƲ徹Ȼ׷ᶼҪͽ׾ż𣬿϶׾ʲô֮
ҪȻĻƾʲôסΧ
ң϶׾ٵֶΣҪȻĻôҵǻ׷ǰΧ
пܣ׾˻ʲô
Ʋһ㣬ҲûʲôãΪڵͰﲻʲôæУ׾ŵѾֻʣǧǰǰǧʧȥԶزˡ
Уһٶʮͷǿߣȫɽ׾ŵȫѹ
Ȼ޷ԿЩǿߣȴҲ̫ãȻˣܾȶپȶٰɡ
ţޣս˹ȥ
벻Զ̬ȥܷܿɵսȥȻս׾ŵԼСУȥɵˡ
ΨһǣҪ׾ŵԸСǸ⡣
һ˵ÿ׾жһͨѶַҪ˵׾ŵľųӦܹתڵ˰ɣ
ô˵׾ŽαΧҲǹùˣǿȥˣܾȳپ;ȶٰɡ
ȣһ۾׾ŵͳ˧һ߶δ׵ǿߣʱڱͷ߶δ׵ĻǿΧ
һ壬ڽڰˣ׾ŵͳ˧ҧ֧ţΧԱֵ˲أڵѪ
Щӣ׾ţܾĥȻؼǣԼ֪Ϊʲô˵ù
廹涢Ǿ˲ɣ
ȻѾʧͷؾĻ壬ǲװݣ
֪͸һжˣϧڣҲ֪
׾ͳ˧ļûЭĻ׾ţضҪȫˡ
ʱοľųȻյһЩϤܿⲻǵһǱΧʱǳǸϢ
ϾǸ׾һжһʱ䣬ųһϳ
ʾųû취Ļ´Ǿ˲ҪܣҵСаհȫŴߣ
õųϲģ̲׾ڲͨѶֶΣϢ˿ȥ
ţͿʼж


1418 ׷
ѸٴУϽһһؾǿ뵽ԼСУȻٴλ
ÿһγֻ֣һ˲ʱ䣬Χ׾ŵĻǿߣ֪ܿôһڣڲϰؾǿ߾ߣȴ޷ҵ
Ҫ֪޵Ҳֻ񾳽Ĵڲпֵܷ
£ܾ;˳һˣҽȥӦ֣ᳵ·֮󣬾˵ٶȸ졣
ȻˣлǺ֣֪ΪʲôôִڶԸ׾š
Ϊ׾̫ù
˵Ϊбʲôԭ
ԭܹ֪Ļ˵ܸһЩʲôջҲܹ׾ףΪʲôԼôùıϡ
ֻϧǣ׵ľųףҪôҪôĲ֪
ֻǣûˣҲûʲô˰ɡ
ţж֪֪࣬ľǾˣܾȶپ;ȶٳ
Ȼսŷû񽻸ô붼֪ȳԽ࣬ȥ֮ܵõԽཱ
ûнҲǾԼܣܶľˣԼûκʧܾ±ô˵ֶΪأ
ûκɡ
ڻĲɱ£׾ʣµԽԽ٣˲ûʲô޵ĵط˳ܾϵֱӾ֮뵽ԼСˡ
λףλףλףǴףһɶǾܿСƬУܹٶ׾ۼһ
УΧ׾ԽԽ٣ٶȺٶȲ̶࣬ʱڣԭһʼǧ˾ֻʣǧ
پһǧˣ͸Ͻ߰ɣʣµ˸ס
׾žųԼҲѾҪֲסˣûȥóһЩھκ
ΪһųûбԼ׾ŵĳԱһʧܣʧ£ҪԼŵ˾ܶĴҲֻˡ
û뵽ôһλףȻش׵սˮ˾ߣô˵ܾȾͺãҪ˵ĻЩ˶Ҫȫû
˾ų˵Ļûжʲôֱӿʼ˸Ѹٵľж
Ϊ˷ˣ׾ŵĲԷԵĲ໥£һһγܾȳˣӿЧʣ
ȻٶȸˣڳԽԽ٣ɱٶҲԽԽ죬ɱͱȵվǱƽ⡣
һԳ棬ܹȳʮˣͬʱҲʼɳ²пֵܳľ˵ص㣬óһЩ򵥵ķԸ
ϧʶ֪ǳǿЩ򵥷ֱӳǰôԼײȥ
߾Ȳˣȥһ߾ˣҪȵĻ׾ŵǿǾ͵ðΧĻ嶼ס߰巨ɾС
һ㣬˭֪ҪԣΪ˾ǶԼȥġ
Ǿų˵ģܿ;ȳܹһǧԼСУȻֻܹʣһǧˣһǧٶˣ˻ǿߵɱ֮¡
ʣһǧˣʼƴĳŻǿ߷ÿһͷ׶սУ
£㻯ޣֱӳԶɶݿȥûκλ巢ֵˡ
Щ廹ڷֹ־ˣҪץȴû뵽ѾȻ뿪
ܾһǧǺܲˣĵĿݽΣҪ˸պûط˺ЩĻϵĵҩһء
Ͼһ׾ţսʿطܶ࣬ʲô䣬Ϣأ֮ЧС
ҲǳԵһԱ֣ɶٶȸ죡
ûʱ䣬ʹһǧٶؾǿߣԶƬٰľ룬Щ
ɻǣʼոоԼΣջûнƺʲôһֱԼһ
ƾʶ֪ȴû취ʲô׷Լ
ָоһ̶ͣ£ֱӲմԽȡʱܵԽԶԽá
룬ҪصսݵĻŻһʱ䣬һʱκⶼпܷԲܹκҪȻĻܿһӾͱˡ
Ͼֿһ۷׵ǿߣ
ңֹŹֵı׷ٵԤУܿܶԷܹҵټ

ϱӴŰʱڱЩ
ΪоԼβͺǶڣһֱûܹ˦Ҳ֪ʲô
ȻԽǰԽܹܵΧ¶ûӦʲô˱ֱ뵽һռϵӵС
ץסˣ
һһĻӰΧ˷ܹϰͷ׽Χ
ڸ·ʱûлޣȴòʩչֶˡ
֪Էʲô취׷ԼģҲ֪ԷΪʲô׷ԼɣӳΧȦС
֮
ֱӴ߶ǿֶͨΣ֮ѸٷɵǿռǰȻ֮һ·ͼǲռϴ͸߽⡣
ֻǳԤϵǣľ֮Ҫ߽ռϣҪʱԳЩ彫ɵʱ䡣
ûκΰ취£ֻܴ߶Ӱ֮飬αװ˿ռһȻУڿռ϶˳
󣬻ޣ
ΣһʧӰ١
ϰͷ׶ԴԵüΪ꣬ϵĳʧĵصǰһЩʩչͨ湥ơ
ֻϧȻˣôУ
СʩչطݽߣһǧУط˻ֹһôһСӵϰˣȻ䡣
ط嶼㺱˵սеطˣҪѧףһ˵ûʲôãż𵽸á
ûʲôµˣֱ䣬սܲһԼãӶһЩ֮ġ
Ȼӳ˶ԷİΧȦǺƣΪ֪ԷΪʲôҪ׷Ųţ
Ҫ֪ﶼѾսûԶˣЩһʲôѲ߾ţǾ;ȫɱĽ֡
ðôΣգҪ׾ż飬͸һֹ죡
ŻЩһԲУôΨһĽ;ǣ׾ţЯ˶ԻҪĶ


1419 ˮɫ
ʵϣˡ
޼ɵִ׷ɱһĿ꣬пܲΪԷЯʲôΪԷг
Ȼֶͻ֮Ѿɿˣ޻öԷ׷һ׾Ųš
ԭǣ׾֮ǰִʱɱһͷеҪΪˣҪĺ̨㲻ɳ׾ţҪ׾ȫ𣬴ӶΪҪﱨ
ȻЩԭʱǸ֪ġ
ֻ֪ӳһֶ½أսݸˣΧҲʼһЩսѲ߾ţÿһѲ߾ŵĶɴǿɣսǿȷڷκһܹ֮Ϣݸ󷽵սݡ
ĵһѲ߾СӣܹʮףӳδףԱδ׵δ׶С
һˣֱӾǰȥʾһԼһѫ£ҽٵ˵һ¡
ֵܹطѲ߾ŵģÿһǿߣսľǳḻ˵֮̾ʹ˶Բߡ
ӳüǰҲйȻпЯ˶ԻҪĶпܵǣ׾ɱ˻ҪԲűˣϾû˷Ķ࣬ûƴҲҪҪȴв١
ȥߵսݷ֪˻Сֵܻȥ
ƾѲСӵʮˣҪĻŸǲܵ飬ǳȻȥ֮⣬ûκΰ취
ڵطЩ׾ļһӦǲҹˣҪȻĻȻǸɵǸ׾ŵˣЩҲѳȥ
һ﷢ս֧Ԯ̾ͿԸϵ׾һϵĻЩ׸Ͳġ
Ѳ߾ŵСӣܿսݵӰӣ˿
Ҳʱоһּ䲻õԤгԺУ˶Ȼ
Сģ
ܵΧĻϢ̱֪ȺһﾹȻַˡ
ңڶԷĲͨĹƣԱƣϰףȻ⿿սݵֱӴʩչԱƣ
ȣѲ߾СӶûʲôȴֱܵ˶ԷͼѲ߾СӵĳԱŷֲ֮
ʱ򣬻Щǿ߲ڳǰȻֱͨǿմֶΣ˲併ƬȻֱѡԱ
׵Աǿܹҵʱ
ɲ֮ǰʱʱˣʱУԵ̫з籩һгһ̶ȵʱ޷ʱγɡ
ڣɲʱС
ϰͷǿԱʱԲֵܹģ
һ̣Ӧ߶ҪƬ֮ȥȻȴ֣Ѳ߾СӵʮˣһЦĿԼ
ʱˣǲܻԭʲô
һ֪ܿΪʲôˣΪЩһƬг֣Աͷչֳ̾һǿϢ
һǿϢģˮɫ£ͬһǳɫĹâƬС
ǱƬɫâմȾĻףȻѾɹԱˣǵԱȴЩɫâյȫûб
Ҫ˵ҪЩԱɱˣЩˮɫ£һԱȫգΡ
пصĻԱΣȻɽˣ
սУŰ׻򡣡
δ׵Ѳ߾СӶӳЦһЦƬѾսݵıΧ̶ȵĻԱϮòŰ׻˳֣а׻˲µˮɫⷨ㹻ˡ
ˮɫⷨ
֪һƬˮɫ⾹ȻǷķ󣬾ȻϰԱܹѹգǺεȿֲ
ڶԷ˵İ׻ˣҲ˵һǿߣʼս
Ҫ˵׻˵Ҫ֮ĻҪĶ࣬ȫ˵׻彮Ƭػ
ǲôҵĹǻڰ׻ǰ顣
û˵׻ŮǸǰݣѰУǿ߶ǷǳصĴڣܹۼ߶١
λ񣬡׻Ӧֻƺţʲô͸֪ˡ
׻Ȼܲóˮɫⷨǿ󷨣һ
̲סԼСеʵǰܲܲóˮɫⷨ
˵ȻҲ
һֱһ;ڼ䲻ʱǿ԰ɽ鷳ģδ֣ϾԼܽò
һ棬Ҳ£ʲô鶼
ź̬仯رǻ׾ŰΧȦо˵ʱ˾֪£ѾӰ첻ˡ
ΪЩףʵ̫ˣ
ԿĻ˸ǶԷĶ֣ҲǷϣܹľܳ
һԼΧȦȳһǧȻȫѳ
һ·˲˽⣬ͬʱҲ˲֮顣
ȻСӾǸ˲ţ
Ȼ绹ȽϵͣȻһɳǱ౻׷ĺţ
ֲܼѧԺСӣȷ䲻ͬѰ֮
ڣʶˮɫⷨ󣬶ʳ⣬ΪΪѣΪǿȵķ󣬸пܹġ
ǳˮƽӣҲܹǿķ
ǰķΪģοڷһ;㲻϶⡣
˵Ļش
ԴϾóһ;аռЩǿߣһܱӾͨ
ɷ棬˾֮еǷ켫Ĵڣһӹɡ
ţȻҪչԼôķ󣬾һҪܹУĻƾʲôԼƬ㣿
۾˵ȻǰᣬҾ͵ȥͨ󷨵˲С
˵ˣڵֻƾڷ󣬻ϣҵǿǰҲѧϰѧϰźá
˵
һעһµģкʵѡȻϧһдۣǡ
ǴӦˣ飬ȷճֻ̣ڻûʲôѡ
£׻Ǹܵ飬붼Ҫ롣


1420 л
ˮɫ֣ⷨЩǿߵԱܣЩ൱ǰװˣûжκӰ졣
ϰͷĴǿԱǳεΪ׳ֻۣϧҲֻ꼻һ֡
ţѲ߾Сӵ£صǰսݵС
ûʲôӭǣΪսݶһּΪæµ״̬ÿ˶ԼҪ
սϣȥʽϵ飬˶ʵжߡ
ոϰͷ׾ڸԱȻ˲˵ע⣬޹ص飬Ǳ㲻ᡣ
彮ڵܲһ
鷢彮ڲ϶кܶ˹Χָָ㣬սܷ
սǲһȥȡϰͷĶȻȫԱˣС綼ΪɻңҲǻһЩ
ܹĶԲѰԻǵôɨһսС
СֵܣԵһ£ܿͻй顣
Ѳ߾СӵĶӳ˵꣬ȻŶԱ뿪ԼһһĽеȴ
սݵսݳֳɫͷ񣬸ŵĸȣһЩɡ
˻ע⵽ˡ
սӼһЩսеգҲǱ߸ӽɱһЩ
ǱߣЩ黹˵ע⣬û˻ȥ˵飬ÿ˶ǼҴҵԼս
սɣ˳ֻһ׾ŵһǧˣҲ֪õЩ
Щ飬սŵȻȫõġ
ܿ죬һƤ׵Ƹ˵ӱöָ̤˹
ֱ࣬˸Ȼ˵ɣȸɣߵ鲻٣ȻսĽȽɡ
˵㽫һöָӸ
סöָһдŵſƬÿſƬԶһһսŹѫ
սĽҲǣȥͷ󣬽Χ׾žȳ벻ȻսŹѫôࡣ
ҲսѶȼߣ˿֮ǰ彮Ǳ߻ͻ֮Ѷȣֻһȥɡ
˸һƽֵĻʵҲûжٽ
ȻЩ˵ʲôѰ˵սŹѫٿṩһ裬һЩεĴǿˡ
պ򣬸Ƥӳսȥ֪ȥҪһԼСеһǧؾǿˡ
ڣǸ׾žֻʣһǧؾǿߣ˰ųڣѾȫѣ˻Ĵ϶С
ԣΰЩҲǸܴ⡣
ЩˣսɥʧȥŶӣôսȻҪģȻĻ˭Ըս
һ棬ȨͱҲһ棬ȱһɵġ
ʹԶЩʹбˣ㹻ĸ˼սŲſԡ
ƤߵսڲһУܴһ䳡кܴһƬռ䡣
ڷſڴźü׾帺ˡ
ǼƤ˵ͷеܸЦų˹
СֵܣϷ飬һѾ֪ˣСУӦûвؾǿ߰ɣǣսŻ䷢ģÿһˣһսŹѫô
˶˵õʵҲ֪սŹѫ㲢ǡ׾˲أսţȥЩҲҪܶว𡭡
˼ˡ
˰֣ʾԷö˵ˡ
ˣͲΪ׬ǮڶԷԸÿ˳һսŹѫ˵Ѿܲˡ
Ҫ֪Ǿһǧˣ
һǧսŹѫˣôսŹѫ㹻ʱ䰲ˣºͨǾ㹻ˡ
Ҫ֪ݺʱҲڲѧԺ񣬵õսŹѫ±ء
ͨƣѧԺУÿҲܹʮƿѣİһƿͺݺ˻ȫˡ
һˣھǳ
һΧʵ
лСֵ⡣
Ǹ˻ϲĵ˵ͷЦָָм䣺м伯ϣҪͳһ֮ϢȻͳһ㷢սŹѫ
Եͷ߶֮СǾȻһǧؾǿߣһһ˳
ЩؾҲ֪ԼʲôһСг֮󣬷׷̲סлϾǵ
һһӦܿһǧ˱㱻˳뼯
֮ǰ˵ģսŷ棬һǧսŹѫȻʼʣµһǧˡ
ǽȥΣҲµõҪôǼսзۣ뵽׾УҪôۣõһ۹ѫ
ѡȫǿԼսŴǿȱˡ
ԽȥûҪˣˣ鵽ھͿʼûʲôϵˡ
Ҫת뿪һǧؾǿУһδ׵ľŴӳȴæ˹Ҷݳһö
ӢۣһǧһлҪ㣬һǧƬУԣǧҪ²źã
л
Щ֣жȻܾ
лλҾˣеʱ䡣
˵ͷ۶ԶԷ˵
ţʵм¡
ǾŴӳĵвֵܶԺһж֪Σ
⻰Щ죬ûҪЩ˵ġ
ֻ·սŶѣܿҪصѧԺˡ
ЦãֻҪҡͷܾ
ȻЩ˶ؾǿߣҪǸ棬ǺӵУؾȻǺܶ࣬ǿԴġ
οЩ˼ȻսŵˣҲ˼ȥǽˡ
ѧԺѧԺҾ֪ϬˣضǴΪ֮ˡðɣȻҪǣǾͼսзսϣгһգٸս
ǴӳЩϧ˵
˵ͷȻת뿪ˣ˳ַһе򣬽һоȻżߵսŹѫ
ǧ
һǧˣÿ˶Լ򣬼һǧսŹѫ佻Ϊǵл


1421 Ϻݺ
Сӣ׬˰
õǧսŹѫлСŵ֪̾ˣʱǧ򣬾ó޾սʮˣɱ඼׬ÿˣ
СӵҲ־˵ĻᣬͺϣҾһˣҲЩ˻žȻġһ룬ǧǺ׬ģֻǵСϣĪͱüء
˵ĻһЦ֮
ʵǰʲôҪĶҪð𣿼Ȼڷ㣬ֱڶˣõʱҽ鷳
ţˣЩԺҪõõģҼֵơ
ҲֱӸ˵˺üϵ֡
һʱЦˣЩϣѾˣҪ⹺ȥ̾õ
û˵ЩϣС֮ǰʬǶһʱѾһԶһȫˣ
һô˵˶ʱĿɿڴ
˵Щϣÿһֵưǧȫͷһܹȫء
ڣȻ˵Ѿ׼Щϣ
ʣٴһΣǲƭģƭʲôô
ʱòĻҵĻԼĽŶѡ
ƺԶԶԤϣһһˢ֪
ÿζΪԼѾ߿ȴܿ췢֣Լûи߿һֱСһ
Щꡣ
ѵ
ЩˣȻ˷ˡ
ֻλ׵Ϊǵ̤׾磬һ·߶δ׵ĻǸӿֲ
ܹӰ쵽ˣ
˵ԤУп̤뵽ĲΣһˣԿ˵Ŀ֮һʵһأ
Ȼһ˵ƺЩңԶҲûôȥֻԼʱܹһ;һ¥зһЩ
ҪǿܵĻϣҲܹõ̤񾳽
û뿪սݣսеĽ״ѡһЩԴһǧսŹѫö쾧ƷĴ֮
̴׵Ķһǧ֮ϻǧսŹѫͨȫ㹻ˣԲĲá
빺һöӰǿһԼͨģֻϧֶȻ㹻սŹѫսвûаӰڳۣҲ򲻵
Ӱռ侫Щܹǿͨıεģ֪
ֻСкУõһöռ侫һöռ侫뵽˾֮Уþ֮ӵ߽һпռ֮
ѧԺˣ˫ѧԱѩջǳ
ϧǣҪõľȴûôˣֶͼϡ٣˵ǰӰ
Ҳ֪Ӱֶ彮ûʲôأ
֪ڱ彮һЩģѧԺһϵ˪ǳڻ켣ڱ彮򣬺Ѿˡ
лĻҪһ²УܹõӰֻҪпܣҪȥŬһ¡
ö֮뿪սݡ
彮ǰŹʱܻصǺӵıԵȥˣʱȴյԺݺϢ
ݺ¸ŮոսһµѧԺֱս˹ȻĲԶ
Щ⣬ԭҪصǺӣص彮ܸݺģû뵽Էôɣֱս
ȻˣȻûҪȥˣѡȸݺȥϡ

һƬžյУ˺ݺ¸ŮŮطȴоһεѧԺ
ˡ
ʱ򣬺ݺ¸ŮȻǰһΪʱ䲻λֱλף仯
ȻѾ׼ʱŮЩȵġ
ŮУҲͺݺʱһ磬¸һΪһδ׵ǿߡ
¸ǻûʲô仯Ȼδ׵磬ĶδҲѾԶˣؾڶʱھܹˡ
һִеһѧԺʱȣɵĶսҪǿ̫ˣսѾ֮ǰǿʮ
֮ǰ壬ɱܽסȻúݺ¸Ůȫɱ
οлӡźܶǿߵʬ壬ڵ죬תһͷδ׵ĻΪڰ
ʱ˶սǿһ
𣿡
˶Էһ䡣
˵Ǻĵһ̽飬Ҳ˵񷢲ߵûв̽ġ
ݺҡҡͷȻ˵ĿǣһͷԨ̿ͣ˵ϢһͷԨ̿Ҫ彮̽鱨ǽزһɱ
ֻǣͷԨ̿ͻǶһ֪ңԨʵ̫ǿˣδϵԨ̿ͣ޷ƿ
¸Щǡ
ͲõˣֻҪҵĿ꣬ĿӦòʲô⡣
ҡҡͷЦЦ˵Ҫı޽֮աս޾似⻹иո˫ľԷųһڰ
˵仰֮ǰõ޾似ȡ˳
ֻ޾Ʒ似һпֶΣӰݺպúʡ
޽֮յĿ似һݺɹΪߣʩչӰһеҲǾԳԽ޽֮յġ
¸Ǳߣǲʲôˣһ룬¸ݺϵѾǳˣҽܳһʱ˶
ԣ㽫ǲ޾Ʒ似ȡ˳¸衣
δӹеõ޾Ʒ似һӰһԵ幦òϡ
ʣǲ嶼ͨõ޾Ʒ似һ似ΪЧǺֽ׶Ҳûȥ似
ҪӳЧٵýȻУʱûʱ䡣
οõǹģⷽ棬Ȼƣڹķûʲô
¸Ͳһˣ
ģǳ֮ǹԵ֮һԵϳ̶Ѿﵽ˵ʮ˵걬ʮǺӵľ룡
˵似¸˵൱ʵġ
յ似֮¸ȻЩ˼һӺ


1422 ׷Ԩ
޾Ʒ似ѧԺǼΪĶ
֮ǰڲѧԺ֮ʱһ˳һ޾Ʒ似ʱһǧսŹѫ
ڣóľ޾Ʒ似ֵǱ޾Ʒ似Ҫʮֹ
ҲѹΪʲô¸Щ˼ˣΪоԼǺ죬ȻὫ似͸ΪʲôһˣȻΪȥҪһսԵʡ
ʵԽǿԽܶŶӲİӶŶսʤѣһһѧԺ
򣬿ɲģֻʱȵѧԺѧҪ仹ңʱʲô̶ȣ͵ÿԼˡ
ЦŶ¸˵
¸˵ͷ΢΢һЦţ׵ģǽãⶫ˵ҲǼģ޾Ʒ似ѧԺûʲôܹء
ԴҲ֪һЩģǿߣһܹ޾Ʒ似統ľۣûе޾似
еȻž۱Ƚ޵ԭ򣬵ҲԿó޾似ϡ̶ȡ
Ӱ޾Ʒ似˳ȥʱӦǿʲôЧϾҪ޾Ʒ似Ҫʱɲһ㡣
֮ǰרŵҲ˺üµʱ䣬ܽ޽֮պͿս޾似ֱԲͳȻľ硣
õ޾Ʒ似֮ر¸裬϶ȫȥģϾ¸費Զӵö޾似򣬻дŰ˸ʱ䣬Ҫ仹ˡ
϶ҪŬʱڽľ硣
ȳɣݺҪҵͷԨټͽˡ
Ժݺ˵ţȻΧһۣ޾Уǹ˸սУΣհС
ݺ˵ͷʼ֮֮ǰǴһǵõһöӵͷԨϢĶȻöԶͷԨݣҪ֪״̬λãֻҪ㹻ǿֱܹ֮ݳ
ݺΪѪط֮ѰͬҪǿٵģȻʱ˿̣ȴͬʯ󺣣һЧûյ
ȻҪôͷԨ̿;߷ǳңԶҪôͷԨ̿ӵкǿݵ
һ˵Ǹ
ݷ棬¸Ҳﲻʲôæݺڽݵʱ¸ֻһԱȴʲô顣
ݺüͷһֱûʲôϢܿ죬¶һĨϲɫ
һ㶯ˣȻ޷ҵԷڵλúκϢƾȴܹ˳ϣʱԷһڣ
ݺһ˵ţһʩչһֶΡ
ֶΣѪطھ۷ֶ֮Ρ
֮Ծƿطļǿݺʩչֶ֮󣬶ʱҲֱ֮ǿʮ
ʮǿȵ֮ñĺݺøӾ֮ͬĹźݵͷԨչעȥ
ݺѾѰһԷϢʮ֮һ˲Ȼĵ˺ݺȫ֮ȴĲ׽ͷԨλã
һǧ֮⣬ڳ彮ͷԨδ׵Ϊս϶ǿСһЩ
ݺóЩϢ̶¸˵
˵˵ͷ
¸辭ͦḻģõЩϢ֮ԨǽɣΪǿԨĴ̿ͣƾҲȫֶΣǧҪӲƴ
Ҫ˵δ׵Ԩδ׵Ԩ壬ǿȶҪǿöࡣ
һ㣬֮ǰ¸Ԩսر
ͬģԨսҲ֪Ԩ壬ǴԨ߳壬ڴûнһֱҪռĽؽ硣
ͷԨ̿ͣȻ֪ʲôĴɱ񣬵ȴöԷ彮һ
СһЩ
ݺص˵֮ݽߣͷԨ壬ʱںܿתƵص㣬ʲôתƣһ֪
Ȼʱ䶯Ǿͱ뾡жУ٣ȵǸȥ˵ҵͣȥǸ
˵
ţǾͽСڲռ䣬Σգֵ̳ġ
ݺ˵ͷѾ뷨Ͼһսܶˣڱ˴˵뷨Щ˽⡣
ӵУȻǸ·ٶģıҲǿȥնҲʲô⡣
ҪǶǿԨ̿ͣԲӵʲô£ܹɵġ
ϾӵаӰַ֮ͨ԰Ѵ̬Ĺ
¸赹Ƕûô˽⣬ͺݺսƻЩȣȻȥնԨ̿ͣ
ô˵¸ͺݺǷǳεģҪǺݺݺһʱ䣬ݺʵΡ
رǺݺδ֮ʵֱ׷¸裬ڶԸһЩʱ򣬷ӵ˿¸١
˶ս˳¸ûл˵սƻǸݺһ𣬽еڲռС
ȻմԽ
ˮϵ̫֮ڰУȻ˴һԽ֮ĵط
ʵӸеϵ˸ߵĲΣеմԽֱһ޵ĲΡ
һԾͷԨԭ֮ľ룬ҲֻһǧֻҪԾĴΣֱܹӵǸط
¶Էٶȼ죬̶ʱҲܲԶȥֻҪڶԷĸ֪ΧڣԷǷɵ
֪ԷĿ꣬Ҳ֪ԷԸΣȵǸط˵
Է֣ݺʱҲѸٲһĵ֮ǵط϶иͷԨ̿͵ϢܹɵݳԷڵλá
ĴԾÿմԽԽľ룬ĴԾֱЯУһƬյС
һ͸ܵһЩϤϢԨĽϢȻͷԨ̿طͣһʱ䡣
Ǻݺǿ֮ͣƬ̣ڣȴûмͷԨ̿͵Ӱ
ԵƬ̣ΧҲûκ֣ͷԨ̿ͣ·Ѿ״뿪ˡ
ݺ¸״ЩʧҪгȴֹˡ
ٵȵȣ˵ȷ
Ů˵ţȻһԭװģ
˶ĻԨ̿Ͳһ֣ڣװԼһ˵ӣԨ̿˵ͻᰴ಻ס֣


1423 ֲԨ
мȴţݺ¸ʱûдгҪȴһʱ䡣
ںݺûȫָȵָԽһݵʱ򣬲ͿԳͷԨ̿͵ˡ
ȴһΧûκζż
ȷͷԨ̿͵ٶȾǲԼÿ죬Ȼˣ¶Էϵ֣ҲܵȺݺָ֮󣬼׷ȥ
ٶȱȶԷ죬һܹ׷϶Էټ
Źһʱ䣬ΧһֱûʲôݺҲָòˣʱֻʧķԷ뷨
Ԩ̿ͣԼǳִţǼôһආɱҲ̫ˡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
ݺȴЦһЦϧˣ뿴Ҫ㵽ȥִ񣬳Ŀ֮⣬ôȥ£ǻɱһ޹ؽҪආп˶¶Լɾǵòʧˡ
˵ҲԣˣȻǾֻܿݳͷԨ̿͵ķλˡ
ͷȻݺеڲռз˳
¸裬ʱûг֣ΪڿΪһɱﵶ׷ʱڣԾͺݺ¶棬׷֮һ´ս
ʱ¸ͻȻ֣ԿԽͷԨ̿ʹֲ㲻ֱܽӸɵҲܴҶԷţöԷڽȥսơ
ݺ֮һӿ޾գͷԨ̿͵ϣһεóٶȸ죬ûĵݺȫ֮
еٶر죬Էɹûöʱ䣬ͷԨȻϽ˲ƣֻİľ뿪⡣
еٶжԷ֮ࡣ
Ȼɾͷˡ
ԽݺԽݳԷλãԷµܵʱԽ٣
׷
һЦһν뵽еڲռ䣬СֱʩչմԽһα㴩Խľ롣
һδԽпԽһľ룬˺ݺݳĶԷڣ
óԷڳ彮򸽽طǺӶͦԶҲ֪Ԩ̿͵Ŀ˭
δ׵Ԩ̿ͣҲɱʲôҪɡ
ôĿǽɵ
һ׷϶Էλ֮ƬȻһƬûκζҰС
ݺݡ
ȻûˣǾֱӼݣͬʱ˰ٷְٵ׼һԨ̿ڸܹ̾ӦƿطҲѾȫ֮Լͺݺӳһ飬ʮʶ֪
ݺеڲռгȻʼͷԨ̿͵١
ۣ֮ĻʱӦþݳԷˣϾԷʱڣֻ˲һľ룬ӲѾˡ
СĽ䱸ţݺš
ҵˡСģ
ͻȻݺһݳͷԨ̿͵٣λȴһΪݳλãȻҲǰ
ͷԨ̿ͣȻݺߣ
Ѻݺһոռгһƺ߱󴫳
ƺںݺͬһʱ䣬һӰͻȻ֣ȫûиκηӦʱ䣬ֱӽ˶ײɣϡã
ܹƺһȽǿԵˣͷԨ̿ͳֵľʵ̫ˣһֱ䱸ŵҲû뵽ԷԼߡ
ƺǷ׷ٶߣͷԨ̿ȳ֣ѡ˶Ը˵һɱˡ
Ԩʵ̫ǿˣײУûκʤ㣬Ԩ̿һʲôϡŹֵ顣
һ̯⣬ƮɢյС
Ԩ̿һ֣δܣתźݺɱȥײ˲䣬ݺѾӦ˹
Ԩ̿͵ϮɱݺѪֱӱſѪɫâȫѪɫ֮γһƬѪɫܡ
һѪɫܣֱӵסԨ̿͵ײȻѪɫӦ飬Ԩ̿͵ϮɱҲסˡ
ͷԨ壬֮ǰͷԨ̬࣬ŽʱʱżǿӲ
ҪɱͷԨ̿ͣûôף
ֻͷԨ̿Ҳ¶һ㣬ǾǣȻ飬ȴûһ⵱Уħ֮ڲţΧĸ
ңʩչƿصطֱһеԨ̿޷С
ͷԨ壬Ԩǿ󣬵ʶ֪֮ȶŲСĲࡣ
ԣԨ̿Ͳûв
⣬ҲΪʧӣ
ݺΪδ׵ޣǶԸѰδףɾܹģͬԸδһɡ
ǣͷԨ̿ȻѰδףܹǲȥдɱͷԨ̿͵ʵ൱Ѱ߶δôǿ
ԣݺһԷϣ̾뵽ƵС
£¸軹ûг֣ΪڳҲ޷ݺٵ΢סһͷԨ̿Ͱˡ
źݺܹͷԨ̿סֱע
ʱ򣬱¸һɱ֮ʱ
ݺѵĵֵԨ̿͵ĹƣȫѪɫĲϷţѪɫ֮Ӱ裬ϱ޴ͷԨ̿ϡ
ȻԨ̿͵ʵǿҪ˺ݺüιȻ˿ܵЩƣһֶζûʩչ
ǿȣʵǳ˺ݺԤϡ
ݺĵܵܺҲսǿԨ̿ͣ
һʱ䣬ݺЩ𾪣Ԩ̿ǿվɱ¶ɱþòпܽɵ
ᣬԨ壬ֲֿĻָ˵ܵһ˺˶νɾָܹ
ԶԸԨսʿþһɱУǰͷԨ̿͵ƺѰԨǿᡣ
һһ߹ͷԨ̿͵ʵ϶ͷԨ̿͵ʵǴﵽѰ߶δ׵ˮ׼ͻָǳѰ߶δף
ⶫ˿ֲΪֹΪľ֮һˡ
ڣؾħ֮ģĻָٶȲͷԨ̿٣
̶һʱ֮󣬺ݺպÿҪͷԨ̿͸ѹסʱѾȫʾľֱԨ̿ͺ
޽֮գ
Ծʩչ޾Ʒ似Ȼ˫󣬵һ£ȴҲͷԨ̿͵Ľһ٣


1424 սԨ
ȻԨ̿͵ҲֻǶһ°ˣϾڵ̫ͣλ׵ĲΣҪԸδ׵Ԩ̿ͣʵ̫ǿһЩ
ңͷԨ̿ҲѰδס
һΣϴһҲֻܴˡ
ţεսУܷӳüΪޣһЩ͡
ľ򣬿ԷԨ̿͵·ߣУѸٵ׷϶ԷܹȷԷ޷ѡ
Ϻݺǿ֮ͷԨ̿ͣһס͸ûκܵĻᡣ
ϧǣӡеδ׾ĻǿߣûбתΪڰ޷óҪȻĻһսɺܶࡣ
޽֮նãԨ̿΢סһ£ݺ㻺˹ϾǽйܶѧԺˣȻǿԨ̿ͣݺûš
¸軹ǶеڲռУûг֣ʱŻһкõĻᣬͷԨ̿͵ڡ
ݺսľѾ൱ḻͷԨ̿͸Կ֡
ԣܿͿʼȡػսԣʩչĸֶΣסͷԨ̿Ϊ
ѪɫĲۣȻԨ̿Կ񱩵飬ۺݺôŬ޷סԨ峬һʱ䡣
ڣЭݺҲƣֻȥĻǻǺܲġ
ۿƲ̫ãһ㽫֮ǰתͷڰз˳
ڵõͷδ׵Ļʬ֮ǰĸͣ˼ʱ䣬Ƕʱڣתͷδ׾ĻʬΪڰ
ȻЩڰûǰս飬ȴȻżԽսܣܹսĻ徫Ӣ󻯳˺ڰսһδס
ڣͷڰ֣ûκֱͣͷԨ̿ͱϮȥͷڰｫԨ̿Χסӿ
ͷڰǰǻսʿõĶǻڱתΪڰ̺֮Ķʾģⷽͷڰǰǿˡ
ֻǰһЩ似ֶ֮ͨΣǵ
ͷڰ֣һӽоƸŤת˹ݺͷԨ̿ס
ȻҲֻһʱĶѡ
ȻǶ֣ݺҲźܴѹͷԨ̿˿ûлңŽɫǿӲбϮ
ֻһ򵥵ĳײ˲һͷڰϣֲͷڰֱײ䣬ڵɢľɢΧյС
ͷڰĲٿ£Ԩ̿ͳûǿƣ۳ڹȻͷԨ̿͵ϡ
Ԩ̿͵㣬ŵĽһ˲һ£ŷø貣â˸Ԩ̿ͱͬһöڵһͷڰ
ͷڰ𵽵ҲΪݺһʱˣͷԨ̿ɲʲô˺
û٣ʩչֶΣͷڰٻͬʱϵٻ˺üͷֳ
ʮͷͬڰеߣǱ뵽Ԩ̿ԣȻ˦ĵն䵶ЯǿҵľԨ̿ϡ
ԨǿȣԶһ壬廹壬޷Ტۣھ棬ȴǵ
ȻȶԷ֮࣬˵֮ˣھ˦ĵնһ񵶹Ԩ̿ϣȴҲԨ̿͵ľһδλ㱡
Ȼֻǻ㱣սȴǼ
ݺ׼ȷץסÿһᣬѪɫɳޣȻԨ̿͵ľ㱣ѪɫĵطʹϽٴα
ҪɵͷԨ̿ͣܣݺɱﵵģǾڲռе¸衣
ǵ񣬱ͷԨ̿ͺľԣȻϣ¸ڹؼʱ̳֣һɱ
ԣҪݺϣͷԨ̿ս
Ȼ֮䣬ϵĿսƿʼϢϼţֻǶ̶ʱڣʩչսܱͳѰʮ
ȻڸͷԨ̿սѣǾͶÿս޾Ʒ似ſսƵӵԽԽߣͷԨƱػܵԽԽǿѹ
ȻʱڣǲҸͷԨȥӲӲģֻܲۻĹŲӰȻûĹŲӰͷԨ̿ͷսȭڳ
Ԩ̿ǿᣬÿһսȭڶֱӲԣûκζ͹ܵΪϲ
ΪԷܣӸĿսƣһսƵӵһܹͷԨ̿ԿڽͷԨ̿ոɵ
ҪսƵĲûôףʱĿսƣΪе˶ԷľܿԨ̿;ͻԸ
ֽ׶ΣͷԨ̿Ͳûо쵽вǿʩչսʮԨ̿Ҳһв
ںݺǿѪľѼѪɫڳв˸Ԩ̿ͺȥ
ڼ䣬ݺҲԽԽǿԨ̿ͶܵѹòѺܶ˼Ӧݺϡ
Ԩ̿ͶԺݺϷײ󲻶ƿѪɫ⣬ԵüΪưԵݺȴΣԼĳͨѪӰŶԷĹ
ȥͷԨ̿͸ݺ
ȴû˿ͣЪۻĹŲӰͷԨ̿ʩչսȭڡ
Ԩ̿Ȼڲ׷ݺĻĹŲӰܹʩչսУ˲˸ԷԺһȭͷ
ÿκȭͷϵĿսƾ͵Ӹһ㣬ʩչսĵǿһ
ȴʱڸԼսĲǿǶ潻սʼɧͷԨ̿͡
Ĳɧ£Ԩ̿Ͳ䷳֮ǿӲ彫ЩĹŲӰײ飬Ȼһ̧֣Ȼһִڷ
ǰͼʶĽ壡
ԨڵϣԷֻɸֵĽ壬ÿһֶӵ
ڣͷԨ̿ͶɧŲ䷳ڿʼ߶ҪռԼĽ彫ֱӸɵ
ǽԨ̿з˳˲ٵ˼ޣͬһöڵȻı֮ϣ
һ
õǣǰ͸Ԩйսľ飬ŶԷһУԻǼʱӦ˹


1425 ֶɱ֮
ˮϵ̫֮һ˲䣬б㽫˲ƴ͵˸֮⣬˳㿪˶Էһöڵ
ӶԷڷҪԷʲô˼ȥٿأΪӵԼ˼룬ԨĿ֮
һ壬ͬʱֳɺüȥսԨ֮⣬ûκܹӵС
ֻĹŲӰǾ֣ȻҲܹԶٵЧʵûʲô̫á
ΪĹŲӰ;֣ʵ̫ˣϻȲʮ֮һ
ԨЩȴһԨɵĽ壬ս൱Ԩ屾İٷ֮ʮ
ԨĿ֮
ԭսͷԨսʿֻؾѣַѹƲûرֳ
ڣĽ壬ȴѾֳһġ
еĻĹŲӰ;ֻ֣˲ͱĽڵȻǽڵ˰￪Ϯ
ǽϮĹ̵У𽥻һͷԨֻ䱾΢Сһ㣬ֳ˸һ
̲סȥ뵽Ԩķֳʽòֳİɣ
ϾַʽܵĻͦЧʵģϾСһﱾбǻۣӵбһ̶ȵʵͷʼ򵥵öˡ
ԨηֳģͲ֪Ժп֪ܵڣѴҪԸһ
ͷԨ̿ͱ֮󣬱Ҳ˰ٷ֮ʮ⵹úݺ΢һ㣬ȴҲɲ˶١
ݺѪɫĶԸԨ̿ͣԨ̿ͻ˵˼ϣºݺ΢һξ룬ϵĽñ֮ǰ
ֻǳһ˲ʱ䣬ֻһգۣԨָֻ̬̿ҪǣζȻʧˣ
úݺЩɵˣΪǼǵãͷԨ̿͵Ǽǿģ֮Ȼֲ˶Էټ
Ԩ̿յУȻǷ˺ݺûеôöԸ׼ʩչɱˡ
֮ͷԨ屻ΪԨ̿ͣ϶ɱֶμֲ
Ѿ̹ɱˣǺݺͻȻݳλãǡһµĻ¶Էһܵˡ
Ƕʱ²ȫ飬ħ֮Ҳܵصˣˣ˵һѡ
ڣݺȫ˼Ͷ뵽ݵУΪһݣܿԨ̿;ͻͻȻôһ¡
Ԩ̿ͻȻеĻݺûħ֮ģѸһУ߾ͻһս¸ٳҲһܹͷԨ̿͸ɵˡ
ڶԸǽ廯ɵԨͬڶԸһͷĶδ׾Ԩ̿ͣѹǼ󣬲δⲿѹתƸݺȥЩˡ
ⲿֵĽ壬Ҫɵ
ĹŲӰϱ۳ʱ̣֪ѾʮĿսƣҼϿӰ죬ôʱѾʮ㣬ʮĿս
ʮĿսѾ㹻ȥһЩδףѰĶδ׶ɵͷԨ̿͵Ľǲ㹻ġ
ԣûб¶ԼĿսƲֻǱսʽûĹŲӰԷػء
ʩչսУֶǲģѸתƵԱȥҲҪÿռģᱻԷȶ쵽˲λá
⽫ͷԶȥǽҲûô⣬ֱӾͳ׷˹
ȻӵǻۺϾǱ´ģǾҪɵһ
ȻˣԨ̿ͱ´֮ǰͻþֶȥִ
ˣԽ׷ԽԶÿ˲ƶ˲Ƴȥɵľ룬ǽҲ׷ɱ
һϲ
Էһֱ׷Ļ˵ǼΪģ
ΣҲǼߣһСľͻᱻǽײȻֲݻٵ
ٱԷݻһĻԷˣ˸ʱ䡣
ڽԷߣҲǶԼĺ·ʱҪ֧Ԯ¸ͺݺܸϵˡ
¸赹Ǳһ˺ݺڵķСϺݺȥǣͷԨ̿͵ı塣
ᣬС鲻ʩչԨ̿ͱֵλ
ÿεͷԨ̿ҪԺݺɱֵʱܹڹؼλñӶԨ̿˱ᡣ
ȻǿԨ̿ͣҲӲͷųᣬһУʵ̫жˡ
ȻǿԷҪƣ㹻ʱ㿪ģǱʲô˸ǿпס˲а취жԷ
Сͺݺ£Ԩ̿ͱҲüΪꡣ
пǺݺУǲһСȴｫôá
ҪǱԨ֪ͬҪЦ
ˣԨ̿׼ʵһˣ
ˣ
һƹžɵĸĦ֮Ԩ̿ϴٶȱ˼ޣֱӳźݺȻ
һαٶȼӵǰδеĵزúݺûܹü㿪ȥȻᱬԨ̿ͱ徹Ȼ˿ἴᣬҲҪݺɵ˵
ݺΣգ
ûκΰ취ˣһֱڲռе¸裬ֻܳǳ֮ͬٲһ£ֱӽ˺ݺǰ׼ͷϮԨ̿ͣ
ѼǺ֮٣
Ԩ̿͸ܵ¸蹥ƵԼǿȣ¸һҲܵ˺
رỹԭڱǿһԻ뵽Σյľء
ͻ¸裬ͷԨ̿ЩңҲ֪ľ⼸ļһֲóģҲӲΨһ·ƴЩһȫɵ
ƴԼˣͷԨ̿ҲҪݺɵ˵ļΪᶨнƿն˲仮ˮϵ̫֮Уӭ¸ľѼǺ֮٣ֱ嵽˺ݺǰ
ٶʵ̫ˣݺҪȴٶվ̫Щ
ҲʱͻȻһ˸Ӳ֪Զĵطֱ˲Ƶ˺ݺߣȻһסݺӰ֮鷢
֮ݺ뵽СС
Ӱ֮飬ֱӻޣ
״̬µֱӶ㿪Ԩ̿ͱǿƹȻ˲ߣսȭںȻϮһֲ˳
һٱĿս
ᡢǺ֮١սȭڣԨ̿һʱûע⣬Ѿ뵽ֲʽİΧȦС


1426 ٱ
Ǻ֮٣¸ѵ̫ƷѼѵʮصʱľѼǿᡣ
ᣬǿֶΣȻһЩӳ٣ڣͷԨ̿ȴķΧڡ
սȭڣʱŬĳɹڸǽսʱһʱ䣬ǽյԶĵطȥһۻĹŲӰ϶ʩչսȭڣԼĿսƣһֱš
ֱʱصһͷţһٱĿսȻ
ֹӿԨ̿ͳװΧУҪǸܵˡ
Ԩ̿ҲƺЩ⣬ȫȻͬһʱֻ˺ü壬Щɢ˷˳ȥ
ԭԨ̿ͱ壬ǿȴûʲô͸ԣڷֻһ֮䴩͸Ծͱüǿ
ÿһ壬ֱܹӴ͸֮һᡢǺ֮ٵֱӴ͸ȥȻܵһЩˣȴû
ĿսȭڣǱɿƵĹԻһȭһϡ
һȭȥǽĽʱޱԶɢӵٶҲֱӱ
սȭڣ
ûκԥһȭջأһȭӳԾǰĽ壬սٴα
һһĿսӳɣﵽʷǿ״̬
Ϊ˵ôĿսƣ˺üö̫żҩָԼĵ
ǣϲ˵ģ˽һٲսƵϿʮ౶սӳɣÿһȭӵصı
ǸѰδȣѾȥԶˣ
Ŀսǿʮʱ൱δ׵ߣĿսǿһٱѾֱ׷δס
򵥵˵ڵÿսĵĻʵѾδƽ
⻹սϲαȽϵ͵ʱԺܸսϵʮ㣬ﵽ۷ϣĿսЧӿֲ
ȭȥǲֽȭȭУȭʱǽڱһȭ򱬣
ϾԨ̿͵Ľÿӵеʵֻ൱䱾߳ɣδ׾Ԩֳ̿ͣĽ壬ҲѾֵסڵˡ
սģƵĵӣȻǿһٱʼѾԸоǿڵ˼ĸ
״̬ȥ»ӳȭԼͻˣϵƵӣ޷ġ
ħ֮ĵĸǼڽܣһٱʱ򻹺ãħ֮ıܹȻ
ȵٱĻ󣬿ħ֮ģֹı
˵սƿƵӣջ͹۷ƣǿȲĻڿսƵӵ㹻߲֮ս
Ϊ£һÿս֮Ὺʼ̶һЩĻħ֮Ķ޷ֹˡ
һױħ֮ȫܹµҲǲ֮߱ǰӵЩսƲˡ
ڣ˵սʹõһĲΣȻ˸˽⡣
ӳȭٱսǲֱֽӺ飬Ҳܵ˺ܴˣܶಿֶܲסսĵʼ顣
һʱ䣬Ȼħ֮ĵ޸Ҳֻԭͣһʱ䣬޸Լ
ڣԨ̿ͼǿƣȫɢȥûκδĴ㡣
ᡢǺ֮ٵǼֽ壬Ȼܵ˲ˣôڣĽȴǳױ飬̺еֱɢˡ
ͻȻļȭֱӽ¸ͺݺˣǻû뵽λ׵Ȼܹǿز
Ȼƺܵ˺ܴˣ˵˲ʲô
Ϳս壬ǿȾԶԶԽһˣοħ֮ڣôҲΪ
ֻʱڻʧȥһЩսѣֻҪħ֮ĽָˣϾͿԼͶ뵽սУһ֮ǰٶȸ죬ƻǿ
ط似ͨ໥֮䶼ǿศɵģڣħ֮ĺͿս壬ܹһ𣬷ӼЧ
߼һ𣬲ϳǿĴڡ
ûħ֮ĵĻǼȭɱһֽ壬ԼҲѾȫʧȥս
ȭȥһȭһȭǿᣬҲԽԽأ۵ı˫ּѪģ¶ɭɭ׹ǣҲħ֮ĲǲѪģ˻
һܣȫɵ
¸Ԩ̿͵ΧӴܿȥ̳˵ѧԺҪԨ̿͸ɵԣǾκһֵĽ嶼ܹŹ
Щ壬ÿһֶԨ̿͵ȫ䣬ԼʶŹκһᵼ¸ܵɡ
ϣֳսѾͷԨ̿𾪣λȴܹɱĽһܹõģ
ˣϢԨ֮ع⣬˵кܶԨǿڣɱҡ֮С
λףѾǿᣬô̤ϴ׾磬߶δףǾԻһУ
Ҫ֪Ŵɱƻġ
壬һֱ̽ڲ鱨һʲô˵ų֣뷽跨ɵ䷢չΪ
£࣬˵ǸĻϢ
壬Ҳּƻ嵱УҲѲ̽ӣѰ嵱еš
ʵ˵ܹ뵽ѧԺ壬жǱĶԣѧԺѧԱΣǼߵġ
ѧԺѧԱÿһǺöԸĽɫ
ںݺ¸趼δ׵ľ磬δײεĿ꣬ʵҲֻѧԺеѧԱпӵеˡ
¸賯׷ɱȥݺҲ׷ɱʣһ֮մԽֱ˶Էǰ漴ֱһȭ
޽֮գ
սȭڣ
޾似֣ǽԷοסֻƬ̣սȭҲѾ
һȭȥ鿪
ȻڽսƵӵϰٲսʹﵽѰδײΣҪϰٲսƣɲô׵ġ
һȭ֮ٴοʼ飬ͬʱԨ̿͵ĽҲһȭ飬ױɢʶɢ


1427 ȫɱ
ڵսʵ̫ǿˣһɱܽɵ
ʩչ޽֮գܹԷ׿ס
һпսȭڣֲĿսıܻ籩ǽ˷飬ɢһƬƬΧɢ俪ȥѾȫʧȥԡ
ⲿֵĽѾҲ޷ָ
¸ͺݺǱߣŮӦȥ׷ɱöͷԨ̿һ㶼κνҪɵС
ĸȥԸɡ
ţԼǸĿ꣬ǾԨ̿һʼֳ׷ɱĽ
ոգǸʩչսԶֱ֮ӻͷɢԨ̿͵ı塣
ڣ뷴ȥͷɵУҪȻĻͻᱻǲֵĽ˳Ƹˡ
飬ɲԸԼⷽʲô覴õģȻһʼǽ׷ɱģô㹻ȥɵ
ǽƺҲ˲ԾĵطȻ󳹵յУЩơ
ԷҵԷĲ֮
Ҫ֪绹ֻλ׵ģȻԷֻǽҲӵ൱Ķδ׵Ļǿȡ
ƾʵǵ֮ݵóԷڣҪݣҲȫֻǰװ˷
ǺݺͷпֱҵλãںݺҪ׷ɱͷѾæңʱݵġ
˵ҪҵͷԼԶĽȫֻԼˡ
֮ܿǰǽյĵطȻ֮ӳԼϣ
Ԩ̿ӵǿֶΣѳɸ֮ȴһʩչͬǿȵֶΡ
ԣпͷֶβرĸԼֶγһ¡
ƿأ֮⣬طʩչʶ֪ʱǿʮֹȻΧзɢȥѰκһ˿Ϣ
û뵽⻹ıҵһۼоǽ徹ȻٴһΪӲͬӴܿȥ
Ȼأʮʶ֪ǰǶ㲻ˡ
Ҫ֪ƿ˵ھ۷ľ磬ʶ֪ͱѰͬǿʮ౶
ʩչ˾֮󣬸ܹʮܹ൱ͬʶ֪ǿ˰ȫƵĿսġ
ҪѰһͷֶβĽ˵ѡ
Ȼҵˣȥͺܺø㶨ˡ
ûκԥֱʩչ޽֮գͷ˻ʾ˲ͷ֮ϡ
ͷĽɢŻС͵ģÿͷС͵Ľ߱ԭԨ̿ͱʮ֮һ
Ȼֻʮ֮һʵͷܹӳԨ̿һʵûôġ
ȻڵǰͷС͵Ԩ̿;Сһһûʲô
ʾʩչ޽֮գȻͷ˹ȴδǿס̱Ҫʼ
ȴûиκλᣬתÿսʩչ޽֮գһΣ񱩵Ŀսֱӽͷ˵
ڣʩչսܹٱȻڵӵУѾﵽһ߱ĳ̶ȡ
£Ƕÿսȥʩչ޽֮գ˫ֶ״̬
ħ֮ʼնڲţٶԽԽ죬ٶҲԽԽ죬ȴȻЩ׷ٶȡ
ֻҪһÿսģͻᱻǿħ֮Ĳǿս
սʩչ޽֮պֱȭֲըͷ׻飬˽ĩ
ûκͣЩĩԾ߽ʹȫȫʧˡ
ȻͻعͷȥһţմԽ˲תƵ˺ݺڵķ
ҪڿսƲ㹻ߵ״̬ȥݺ¸裬׷ɱĶȫɵġ
ʱȴֺݺ¸貢ҪԼİæѾԽͷȫɵˡ
еĽ飬δɣ¸ͺݺҲûΡ
˶һۣ໥˵ͷȻݺһοʼ֮ѭͷԨ̿͵ϢΧɢȥ
֮ܿ콵ͷԨ̿͵ϣȴǷֳʮ֮֮ͷԨ̿͵Щϡ
ʣЩѾȫɵˣϢڱԽԽ΢ûã֮ݵõͷԨ̿͵Ϣ
˿
Ϊ֮ݲˣͷԨ̿ˣҪȻĻ½зֵĽɵҲܳױ֤ͷԨ̿ͱȫɱˡ
벻ھȻѾôǿˡ
¸˸Щ羴ɫԭñԼһѧԺС
ڿò˶ãܹĳԽˣһȻܹɱʵԨʵޱȵľȡ
Ҫ֪λ׵簡Ϊ֮ͣսȥ֮ǿԨ̿ڸǰѹƲֺ
սʽ¸ͺݺѾˣǲϵĿսƣÿսĵԽԽǿ
ֶΣôģ
㹻ǿ֮ÿʩչһΣбļ󣬵ȴħ֮Ķָ
¸ңܹʱĽͷԨ̿ͳ׸ɵҪȻȥĻпֲܼסٶȶȲٶȣʱɾͷǳã˵ǺܿǾ군ˡ
ȻһεжУѾ֮ǰٴ˺ܶ࣬óʵϴμѾǿʮֹܹԨ̿͵Ľˡ
ʱ˿̣ȫſսģͬһսʿʱţϵĿս˵ɢȥ
˫֮Уԭſսģ𽥻ָģոǼҵһսٵһĵز
ħ֮ĵʾһΪܵ״̬ڡ
ԥȡ˻еö쾧֮ȻѡһöֱӿʼеĴ֮
ӣ¸ͺݺһۣĬûгĬĬΪ
ΪӣҪûͻƵ׵ľˣ
λ׺һδףȻֻһؾĲ࣬ʵϣȴǲ̫ˣһõͻƣôԽһܴĲΣñ֮ǰǿ


1428 ɴ
ովһսҼԼȵ˼ޣһƺ
ʱٲͻƣʱ
ǵãݺͻƵ׵ľ磬Ҳһҵս̵УԣսȷǴٽһ;
ڿʼ쾧ƷĴ֮Ȼ¸ͺݺһԱ
ͷԨ̿Ѿ׸ɵˣͻɣǾͿԻȥһˡ
ݺ¸Ц˵
ţ˵ʵͷԨ̿ͣҪڰæĻԶԸƾܽնɱҪѵʱҲʮϣһпΣա
¸ʱЩп˵ȻʵѾͬˡ
̧ͷһרעͻƾ磬ƬԵüΪԣϾȫսƣûȫɢȥ˷·һս
쾧֮ʱĴ֮ȫ͵СУԼС置
С置򲻶ţĻҲʼԴ̤뵽ؾ֮СĽͻӰ쵽ߵĻСԽߵĻԽǿ
꣬ڸոռս֮󣬰ͰĿʼͻơ
ͻƾ磬ѾܾûƿˣڴλףҲûʲôƿ
ֻҪմ֮еĴܹ֮С置ĳһδ׵Ĳο£

ʱ䣬š
ںݺ¸˵Ǽ֤һǿߵʱ̣ҹʱ䣬ö쾧Ĵ֮ȻڲԼɱ䣡
ݺʱͻƣΪʹﵽҪͻƵĹͷȻڼս̵ͻõ
ڣö쾧֮ǿԼС置ȻƿʱһͻƣûκżĴڣ
һδ׵ľ磬ոͻƣܵһȻ֮ӿһεͻƣĻֱ屶֮࣬ϾǴ󾳽ͻƣ˵ʵת䡣
Ԩ̿һսֱͻƵһδףԼû뵽ͷԨ̿ͶսѾȼԼȫǱʩչԼȫֶΡ
ɱ֮⣬ѾԼֶζãղܹǿԨ̿͵Ľɾźݺ¸ŮЭǵս˵ǲµġ
ڣͻƵһδףʵҪȺݺ¸軹ҪǿһЩȻҪսٴεӵһٲĳ̶Ȳܹﵽ
Ǿս¸ͺݺκεӿսƵĻᣬһǿ϶ģ˫дĻһ¸ͺݺĶ֡
ֻǣ˺һԿǿеĻںݺ¸ǣƶ֣ȻӿսƵĲ󽫶һٻܡ
ڵڵںͻ𣬿Ϊɱﵶڡ
ͻ֮˱ûбҪƬˡ
ѧԺܹ֮õսŹѫ
عŶŮʵ顣
ܹ㣬ƽ֣ÿ˱ܵõսŹѫȻ࣬ɡ
¸شȻӻȡһöнʸеöϣͷԨ̿͵Ϣ
ЩϢѧԺеǿԾǿֶθϵģĻЩϢһֱڡ
ݺƾЩϢȥݳͷԨ̿͵٣׷Ͻɵ
֮ǰսһУõǧսŹѫԶսŹѫǷǳأʤޡ
ʱǹͨƣҪӰҪսŹѫҪľǻۣȻȴһεĺ
ȽϾǣһ¸裬¸ҲʾûмаӰĴڣ澫֮ĶȻ󣬵ôǳֹġ
ΨаӰ彮֮ʵǹټˣ˵ڻĽڲаӰģ彮̫ɭȻ죬Ѱ˱˵ȥҰӰˣ̤أûлŻϣ
ڻ壬Щ˽ģϾ֮ǰѪɳҲսҸɵһͷ塣
û壬ʶ֪ǿԻ߸޷֪Ĵڡ
ǽ˻Ľ֮УڲУΧȫֻһƬޣȻһܵͻľʮа˾ֻһ;
Ǻڵλãƺڻ彮Աߣʵ㹻ǿǰ彮ԣ˵ҵӰټ
ţΣԼߣҲܶʱȥʩУٵõﵽߵΪС
һδף̫ˣ٣ﵽδףܹԸѰ߶δ׵ʱ򣬲ôһİǰ彮֮ڡ
Դ˻еĵģ˲ҽ彮ڣңϾ˾֮ģһ֮۷壬˾꾵ֶΡ
ڻ˵֮ȫǿסطܹȻȻֵľͿֶΡ
طߣԿ˵ǻС
ùƾ֮»̤˴׵ľ磬һЩµ뷨
УǻкĲûб̽ġ
Ǿ֮廹ħ֮ģǴӾھģѾ̽һ֣ڵû̽⵽ķֺ
λȥϢһ£ݺ¸裬Ǿ绹٣
Ůʵ
ҺܿͻƵĶδˣݺӦû١
¸迴һۺݺȻ΢Ц˵ҵͻٽһ񣬲Ҫͻƣµñչһҵʱ䡣
û˵ͻͬѸ٣¸ҪδͻƵĶδףڼԿԽƿ
¸츳ҪԽƿҲһʱ飬һҵĻӦܹ㶨ˡ
ݺҲ˵ͷȻͻˣ¸ҲͻƵĻǾ͵һ֮ٽнȥ񣬿ԽѶ΢һЩˡ
һʱ䣬ʲôͻƵ𣿡
ԺݺʵͦĺݺģϾԼŮˣɲ˲ӣҲװ˷ʱ䡣
ҿԳҵö޾Ʒ似ӰֶοӦúܺõġҪ۷ԲĲΣܹʵսжóɡ
ݺЦ˵ȻҲ뵽Լȥһʱܹʲô
ʵϳӰ֮⣬вֶοģƿأδھ۷壬ʶ֪û״̬
һӰģҪƿطҪԴ֧֣⵹ѲҲѲݺ
ϣһսŹѫģһЩ쾧֮û̫Ѷȡ


1429 
¸߶öϢȻһˮϵ̫֮㽫һ𣬽ͻصѧԺڲ
һֱ񣬺ݺ֪ѧԺǽʲôطģֻ֪϶ĽΧڡ
Ҫ˵ݺˣѾһ¸裬Դ˶Ǻģϵ˪û̽׹⡣
²⣬ܿѧԺڸǺӲĵطҲֻڱ֤ٷ֮ٵ徲˴š
ˣѧԺ򣬾ȻܽôԶĴͣһǺȵģҲֻ񾳽ǿܹˡ
صѧԺ֮Ϣһʱ䣬ȻȴһͨƵϼܣ˳̽һ¾ĺԡ
̤뵽˴׵ľ磬Ϊﵽһµĸ߶ȣٴγһҲûлҲǵսŹѫܽһʱջǱȽϺõġ
ݺ֮󣬾Ͷһ˼ö쾧֮ԼķȥˣĶδӦûһξ룬һҲ
ңҪһ¾ƿطҲҪմ֮еĴ֮
¸裬ĶδѾԶһ֮ٴμĻѾĶδ׵Ĵˡ

صԼķУȻʼתһͷδ׵Ļʬ壬ʱ󣬱ܽתΪڰ
ܵ˵һ¹ȥзӡŵͷδʬ壬ܹתΪڰˣ׼ڹؼʱ̷ӳǿս
Ȼڷȡ˳Լ֮⣬ûκܹͬѧԺķ䣬Ҫı˿ʲô
ѧԺĹߣ֮ģ֪ӵоôһϾڴ֮ͥ£Ҳóܶˡ
ڣ϶ˡ
ĺģ֪ЩʲôԿ϶ǣƾ۵ĲдǱյбӡġ
ڵľУһڲռ䣬̺ŨʾģһСռ䣬С磬ھпسġ
֮⣬һĿռ䡣
֮ǰ鿴ʱĿռ䱻סȫ޷ͻƣڣʾĵƺĿռҲôβˡ
óԼ룬˵Ǹ䣬ʵһƬܴĿռ䣬ȫ
ھǰȫһС㣬ۣȫʾۣϢ𽥵ںһ
ԭṳ̂׵ʱôĹ
ڣڵʾȫ˾עþҲɢһŨʾȫһ
һһСĵԴͷɢʾģɭȻϢܿͱ鲼ȫ
ĸܵڲͬռ䣬ڲռ䡢Сռ䡢Ŀռ䡣
ڣĺĿռȻǴ򿪵ģȻ̤ؾ֮ʾǿ˴屶ѾܹͻƾĺĿռĵһϣ
ĺĿռ䣬һһãͻһ㣬Ȼʾĵ£̤С
ǸɭȻڵĿռ䣬ռ䲢ռƺǱӡһɫ֮Уɫڲ࣬ӡһЩɭȻͼƣЩͼƣһЩϤĸо
ǡ֮
һף۵ľ֮Ǵʲôطõˡ
ЩɭȻͼƣԾ֮ͻȻһֲͬĸоָоϲ
Ҫ֪ǰľ֮壬Ǿģ̺ž۱Ծ֮⡣
ǣ似طԴͷģģԴͷǸ汾ľ֮壬Ҳǿġ
ڣʶ˾֮Դͷľ֮طЧǿһЩ˵øһЩ
ȻѾ֮˵ھ۷ľ磬Ŀռһ־Ȼǿ֮Ч
ɫռУ˷̻һЩɭȻͼƣȫǹھ֮ģ֣ԼֻҪЩͼƼ¼ԺУ֮Чͻõ
û˵ġ
طܹͨ¼ͼֱδţ
أ֪ĿռлһЩѰĶ
Щ֮ͼУ̺ĳصֻҪЩͼӡԺУǿ֮Чʵ̫ˣ
ţܹͳһ£ɫռΧƺɫĻǽϣܹһپʮ˸ͼơ
ÿͼƣܹǿ֮ٷ֮һЧ
ĻЩͼȫӡԺ֮ľ֮Чܹ
һ˲õ֣൱ǰѾ֮˵ʮصĲΣȻʵϣطʮء
˵ǸϢ֮ЧҪǰ彮ð˸ıϡ
ܿ죬һپʮ˸ͼƣûոô򵥡
һʼĶʮͼƣɱ㽫ӡԺУȫȫľ֮Ч˰ٷ֮ʮ
̣ûʱˡ
ӵڶʮͼƿʼͷҪӡԺУѶһѵʱҲһ
һܹӡԺУÿͼƶܹǿ֮ٷ֮Ч
˼
һŬЩͼӡԺУһ˼룬ѲЩͼƻԴȼģ
ʮͼһεĻŸΣպһپʮ˸
Ҳ˵֮һصʱܹռ¼еĶʮͼƣ֮ڶصʱܼ¼ӡʮͼƣЧ
ڶصĶʮͼƣܹǿ֮ٷ֮Чȫһ𣬾ܹٷ֮ʮĵЧ
ôһ㣬ǰصʮͼƣþ֮Чһˣֱ֣ϲ
̬ȥһ㣬һپʮ˸ͼȫӡԺĻ֮Чܹǿʮű
ǲ֪ЩͼƵЧǷͬ²һֱȥ
Կ϶ǣԽҪסӡЩͼƾԽѣЧǲǳȵͲˡ
ӡʼǶʮͼƣÿһֻ˲ʮʱ䣬ٶȷǳ졣
ڶصǶʮͼƣÿһҪʮʱ䣬Ҫʱٷ屶
ȥĻҪӡһپʮ˸ͼƣµóʱ䣡
ÿһصͼѶȶǷ屶ĻĶʮͼƣһҪʮʱ䡣
Щֻǲ²⣬ھΣȥ֪ˡ


1430 ͼ
һ£ȥĻϢһʱ䣬ܽǰؾһʮĸͼƸӡԺС
ЩȫӡԺеĻ֮Чٷ֮ʮҲǿ࣡
Ҫʱܹô࣬ЩᣬϾ˵õһϢһµġ
ʵʱ䣬պҲãϾһ֮һͨϼܣݺҶҪһʱ䣬¸裬ҲԳô˻һ似
ţҡҡͷûжЩ
ȼЩͼƣԺӡ¶پٰɣңľĵڶУǲкЩͼƲĴڣħ֮ЧĴڣ
뾻֮ħ֮طֽ׶ζҪö࣬ǿħ֮ģܸȥԸǿĶ֣ӵиǿĻָ
ڣƺûа취ȥ򿪾Ŀռĵڶ㡣
ƺҪһͼƶ˲С
ţЩơ
ҪһͼƣرǾ֮ھصǶʮͼƣÿһҪʮʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣЧʷǳ͡
Ҫ򿪾Ŀռĵڶ㣬ҪܳʱС
뵽ԭ޷򿪺Ŀռһģȴܹ򿪣ҽЩͼӡԺС
ǲ˵ĳܹӿЩͼƵٶȣ
ʱҪʲôӡͼԺٶȣӦôһ߸Ӱ쵽ġ
˵ǰ漸صͼƣӡԺеٶȴǼġ
һصÿͼƣʮʱܸ㶨ˣڶصģҲֻҪ屶ʱѣأٷ屶ʮصͼȫӡ£ҲֻҪһʱʱ䡣
һʱѾԺӡʮͼƵģǿһľ֮Ч
ֵ񹥻ͿֶεǿˣǾ꾵ķЧδôǿȻֻʮķ
ֻ֮֮ܶǸֶΣȻо꾵ڹؼʱ̿ԷֹⷴǿȣӶԷģʵûκιϵ
ȥʼӡصĶʮͼƣٶҲһʱܹԺӡͼƵġ
ӡ˰ʮ˸ͼƣʱҲŹȥ˲ʱ
ЧΪģҪǶ̶ʱڣԼ֮Чܴ
ϧƿزǾصطЩϧҪȻĻƿҲһҪ죿
صĶʮͼƿʼ򣬻һʱеһʱȫ㶨
ʱڣעһӰͼӡٶȵĸأ֣ʾĵԽϵ̫ܹ֮ӿԺӡͼƵٶȡ
õͨϼ֮һʾĵ򣬲ܹӿӡЩͼƵٶˡ
ţԺӡЩͼƵģ֮طЧϵš
ȻٶȽǰ漸صͼƣܹȫӡԺеģҲǸ
ʱڣҪʵҲûʲôķˣӡЩͼƻõġ

˾ĺĿռ֣֮Լ֮·ڲſʼѡ
ǰЩԽսʵҲпӵУΨĿռеĶôòġ
ΪԺӡЩͼƣȴҲ޷ЩͼƵģչָ˿
ͼƣΨн򣬲ܹӡԺС
ĺĿռ䣬˭Խġ
֣ԼܹĺĿռ䣬Լʾ֮⣬м̳˾۵Ĵء
ģ¶Ŀռġ
Ҳ˵Щǿ֮ͼƣֻһܹõˣȻ֮ܽ塢ħ֮ĵȵطڸˣȴ޷õͼƵļӳɣվǱһ
֮塢ħ֮ģεطѾΪˣ˵õͼƼӳ֮طܹɱʲôĴڣ
ֲãܹɾ۷壬񾳽ǿߵУһǿߣ
ԭĺĿռУȻصͼƣܹǿطЧ
⻹ֻǵһѣԲ²֮󻹻йħ֮ĵͼƣ϶кܶ
ɱǹӦҲǴĿռеõģֻ֪ڵڼѡ
УʾģλڲռУҪʾģû̫ѶȣѰ˶л顣
ˣҲܹƾѰģ뵽ڲռȥʾĵġ
ʾΪлӵǿֶμأ֮塢ħ֮ġɱӦþ֮һ
ϧɱûʲô̫˽⣬ڵܹʩչɱֶΰˣƶ֣ȻϢʴ֣ڵ˵ǱȽ޵ġ
ûпս似Ļɱ˵ǿɱУϧǿսĿսܹƵӣսɱˡ
ɱͻ֮ǰϺõˣ֮ǰڶԸδ׵ĻѲ߾ӢʱҲʩչһΣȴûвʲô̫õЧ
ԣҲ׼ɱᵽճǹԻȿսǿһǿܶ࣡

һʱ
ԺмЩͼƣѾ˵صĽȣ֮ǰһʮͼƣѾӡԺС
ڣصͼƣÿһҪӡԺУҪʱ䣬ٶȾЩˡ
ѧԺڣһͨϼܵʱֻԺӡ˾öصͼơ
ʣµЩֻӺ˵ˡ
죬һͨϼܵʱݺ¸裬һԼķгȻڴϣ
һµʱȥ¸ȻѾĶδ׵磬ǳ֮ñ֮ǰǿࡣ
¸ĻֱӾ࣬ʵȥԸ֮ǰͷԨ̿ͣԲ֮ǰ
ݺȻûȴʱڣƿط˵ھص۷徳磡
֮⣬ҲʩչˣȻҪʶ֪˺ü
һ£֮Ч޷ӵģҲ˵ͬһߣͬʱֻһξ֮ӳɣʶ֪ʮͬʱʩӾ֮⣬Ҳ޷ظġ
Ȼˣݺڵʶ֪ҲѾﵽһǿĵز߶δ׵ǿ߱ȼ硣
֮⣬һӰ޾Ʒ似ɹ㲻


1431 ͨ
¸ľѾ˴ɵľ磬ݺӰͬҲǴɾ磬ŮĽȲࡣ
¸磬ݺƿأŮһʱ鶼ࡣ
ֻԺӡЩͼƣһ¾֮ЧѧԺϣ׼һϼܵͨơ
ҪȽֶʾġϵ̫֮ˮϵ̫֮Ҫȥ򣬻൱ʱġ
ͨⶫز٣ٿʡüĹ
һٱٶȣÿƿͨƣʡµʱ䣬Ҫʮƿͨƣ൱ܽʡʱ䡣
ȻͨƼֵİսŹѫһƿ۸񣬿ɲʲô˶Ը⹺ģѰ˵Ը໨ʱȥҲԸ⽫սŹѫڹͨϡ
ѧԺУѧԱͨƵҲͦģϾҶеţսŹѫ˵ʲôΨٶȲһС
еʱ򣬷ֲѾˣЩЩѡ񣬵мˣվڴ룬ƺڵȴʲô
ʣǿҲͨƵģ
һͨƻϼܵʱ򣬶ֱõ۸ߵãԣ˾ߵȴͨƵʼġ
ǼһۣЩδ׵δ׵ǿߣܹĸˣƺϵš
˳ʱҲ˵ע⡣
ѡĻĸᣬȻ˲ѡģǳпܣǸһͨƵģ
ӴⲻǽλѧԱ𣿲֪ʲô
һ۾ȻЦʱ䣬׬˼սŹѫͨƵĻȰǿԷˡ
⻰˵ĺ˵ֱ˵Ķ˷ƣ鵹ҲѧԺϵ໥֮䣬ԭ໥໥Ĵڡ
˶Է˵Ļδ˵ʲô¸һҿǸ÷Ŷ԰ɣͨǻҪˣ
ѧԺͨƵСڳֵģֻܻ֮ܿ
ԣǰ⼸δ׵ļһû¸迴Ҫ֡
Ҫ֪ҪͨƣĿɲ磬ǲķӵиսŹѫ򵽸ͨƣ
ڣ¸֪ѾǧսŹѫˣ˵һ
⼸δףջ񣬶Ҳÿһǧң¸ݺҪϲء
ݺ¸裬ŮҪǺһϢһʱ䣬ÿ˶ֻõһǧҵսŹѫ
ģܹǧ࣬ȫȶԷ١
ҪǣŮ֪λкöҪۣǲؼġǲ޾Ʒĺ幥似Կǧĸ߼
⻹ûо£ҪȻĻǧҲûпܣ޾Ʒ似ʵ̫ϡȱˣѧԺжûεĽҪսŹѫ򲻵
ٵȵȰɣһͨϼܵĻҲԽԽ࣬ҪǸһѧԱѩīĻ޾Ʒ似ͿԳˡ
ţδȥǼһĳԹԴŮվһԣȴͨƵϼܡ
ͨҪˣ治С¸裬˪ƽʱô̵𣿡
ԷƺǲˣһγԳ
ϾѧԺѧԱ⼸һԽҲǱ˵ʱһ㶼ע
Ҫ֪Ǻݺ¸趼ֻһѧԱЩνѧԱȻȻǰԽС
ֻǿ˶Էһۣ㵭˵һ䣺Ҳ֪ѧԺ˶ˣȻֻδ׵ΪҪǻҿֱˣĻʲôȥˣ
⻰һ˶ʱ
˵Ļ⻰ǲȻڻǵ츳
Ȼ˲δףȣȴǲˣҪȿ϶ǱȲ˵ģҲѧԱ
ڲŸ̤һδ׵ľ磬治֪ʲô˵仰
һ˶
ƾҰʱ磬㹻˰ɣ
ԷҪ£Ҳ˶ԷҲᴦʲôƣУǷӡͷδ׵ĺڰ¸ͺݺǿ˲٣ԲܱԷֱӸɵ
ֻҪ֧Ƭ̣ѧԺѵ¶Էĳɱ˲ɣ
ѧԺǱ޵ģɶţ񾳽ǿ߲ܿɱġ
ԣûʲôطҪ˼ɵġ
⻰һһʱû˵ʲôˡ
ʱ磬ֱӴλףһδףٶȣȷǼΪ˵ġ
һǴλͻƿһδףܿܿϰ굽һʱ䣬˵ˣȷһܹ
ѧԺУҲֻжпܴﵽ̶ȣѵ˵ȻǶżģ
㹻ԴֻҪ츳Ļ磬ܿܵ¸ȣĻһ۾ܹˣǰȻûκθȵļ󣬾
ɼ츳ǳԽѰ˵ģǳԽѰѧԺѧԱ
ѧԺܹһٶˣǿӢЩ֮ǰУɼ츳ȷ
⵱ȻҲǸ۵ĴйأҪȻҲͬûͻƵƿҲܲôͻƵ׵ľ硣
һʱۣϢģűһˣӴſڳ֣
һˣͬϵģܹˣ߶δ׵۷ǿߣȻȸոճԷҪǿöˡ
˹ֻǶɨһۣûˣǿûʲôȤԳʲôģûκκô
ǿߣĸˣֻѧԱǰһ硣
ĸδ׵ļһûж˵ʲô˳֣ĸһﶼͣƺЩɵ
˶Էһ£˶£ÿ϶͸ɭȻɱǸոսйһɱ¾ŻصѧԺ
ľ֣ҪͨƣҪǾѶȲС
š
µ߶δǿߣɱŨ϶ǳʱ䶼ɱ¾УôǵսŹѫж٣
£ǻĿÿǧ򶼲ʲô⣬пܳǧ⻹ֻʱջ
ǰûдһЩսŹѫǾ˭֪ˡ


1432 ޾Ʒ
ʱţǰľԽԽࡣ
ȻǲǶҪͨƵģӱϿÿһ˶ӵкǿĹ
İսŹѫһƿͨƣҲֻѰĶˣôġ
ܿ죬ϣݺһѧԱѩīҲϵǰһ˴С
ǵĿ꣬ȻҲҪһͨƣϾһ˫壬Ϊ̫ߣվ̫ˣܶûȫյģͨƶ˵ǳҪ
ǰǰܹʮˣܹʮҪԼ۵ĶоģȻ˶ҪͨƣʣͨƵľҲǳǿˡ
˫һѧԱˣ㳯˹ȥ
īע⵽ź꾯кιɣ
иף벻
΢΢һЦһ̣һ޾Ʒ似ʺպһй似֪벻뽻һ£
⻰˵вɫȫһ䡣
޾Ʒ似
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ֲε似Ȼóף
Χ˵ĿⶼϣΪ޾Ʒ似ʵ̫ЩҪ֪ѧԺУܹʮλǿߣ޾Ʒ似
ּ似ֻڴ˵вӵУΪܶ޾Ʒ似ʧˣԲŵʵܾǰ̫ʱѾ˺ܶࡣ
ڣȻ޾Ʒ似ף
ǱȽʺ˫Ůһ似򣬼ֵǲưٵǧսŹѫۣоĻǧòġ
ǧǵ׼ۣмУû˻ּ似ˡ
ôһ޾Ʒ似ɾͷ˰һҪȴ棬Ҫ˶ټһٽ󻯡
վ̫ЩóףЩˡ
˶ͷӶ˽ｻ
ȴ֪˵һ޾Ʒ似ֻӵеڶ޾Ʒ似֮һ
ң²ڹǱߣٻʮҪȻĻ޷ֱó似һġ
ң˵޷ﻹһЩ޾ƷƷ似ϾǴ̫ʱһֱģ˹УطҲûҵõˡ
ڣҪ޾似Ҫһ˫ļһΪ˸еսŹѫһԷûʲôʵȥͨˡ
Ȼټ۸ҲûʲôףϾֲεĶѧԺٳ֣ʲôǰļ¼ο
޾Ʒ似壬ԣ
ŮѩһȻ̾ЩĶˣ似Ϊ
ʶĿһΧΧ嵱Уƺûʲô򺮱ԵţЩ١
û˸ĻⱾ޾Ʒ似Ǻɾܵˣ
ܿ췢֣Ȼûиһʺⲿ似ģȴкܶ˵һȡ
۸Ƚϵ͵Ļǧõ߰ǧڵսŹѫ
һǼΪģԣⲿ似һֻѩҪۣ˿Ҳ׷Ź
ҲΧ˵񶼿
Ȼ΢ЦŽǲ޾Ʒ似ȡ˳ǲ޾Ʒ似ͬΪѧԺѧԱȻǲƭǵģڿԿʼˣ۸ߵã
һ˵似򣬶ҪŹ֤˼ģҪȻڼʲôݣʵ˵˾ģ
ѧԺڣûҪֹ֤֮ˣϾѧԺѧԱҶĶţ˭٣
ôһ˵ʱΧ˶ʼ
ȻͨƵһԴûȴǰˣҪ˵ֵóⱾ޾Ʒ似ļֵҪЩߵöģ
ǧ򡣡
ûѩī˷ӦԱ߾һͷֱӳۣϴаЦݣƺⲿ似ڱصá
ͷ꣬ͬһޣȴ޺ĵģⲢ۾ⲿ似
ǧ۸һѩīһۣȻ˵ͷ
ǧ򡣡
ѩֱӳۣʱڣһ˫Ҳõ˲սŹѫĽء
ܹĲóǧɼʲԲ٣
֪ܹѧԺļһÿһеţʱһ׬һǧȫʲô⣬ѩīĬϼߵţ˼һ׬ǧҲࡣ
ȻԵͣ͸ܹɺܶ磬Ӱ׬ȡսŹѫٶȡ
ǧ򡣡
۸ڽǣǹͷ꼸ûκԥֱӼӼۡ
ѩüǹͷһۣϾͷԼֲʺ似ΪҪ˼ĸǾ
ǹͷȴаЦЦһǺԵޣΪۣ쾭壡
⻰˵ѩƢǼ٣ֹԷ۵ģϾⶫǼ۸ߵá
ǧ򡣡
ѩҧۣó۸ԣѾȽԳˣҾīһܳ۸
벻ǰŰ֮ǰǷλǰĹѫˣھͰʣµĹѫȫˣͨƣʱԲҪˣ޾Ʒ似һҪõֲС
īԼ˵
ʵҲ֪Щʧ̬ԭ򣬾Լ˵˿ս޽֮գۺս˶٣
Ķ࣡
޾Ʒ似κ˵̥ǵĶΪˣŻӵ˸߰ļ۸񣬲˶˾
ǧ˰򡣡
ǧ򣡡
ѩۺǹͷٴμ򣬲漴ͱһǧѫǹ
Ȼ֮ǰע⵽ɱ¾ߣÿɭȻɱΪŨǸմսϹá
֮һȻҲҪǲ޾Ʒ
֮һ۵ʱΧ˵ʱСȥЩյĿ
Ȼ˵ݺܲһ㣬ǳۣ˼ٳˡ
ϵзǳһСӣСܹˣһŮޣ˺ģûйҲ֪ڸȥˡ
ԣ¸迪ʼͽܵǳۣӦǰԼͬⲿ޾Ʒģϧѩοǵòⲿˡ


1433 
¸˵ȻǱȽϷʵģڳڶ˶ôΪ
ɱ¾һۣѩīɫȻҲһ£û뵽λԾǲ޾Ʒ似
Ҫ۸ߵá
һɱ¾߿һѩ˵ȻǺܿҲǽһԼ۵Ϊ
Ȼ˵ˡ
в˶оǳ⣬ϾΪɱ¾ߵϣƽǺٸ˵ġ
ڣҲ֪ô£ɱ¾߾ȻѩһҲѩЩܳ
ܳһ£ȡҪȡġ
ѩΪ˫ľţȻ֪Լģδĳɾͻ治һɱ¾ߵò
īһۣȻ˸ļ۸񣺡ǧ򣡡
ϵȫҵˣΪոռ뵽ѧԺѧԱ˵ʱ㵽ôѾǳˡ
˵֮ǰ֮ǰǷµһƨծ
ȻҲϵδǰڴһȥѧԺõսŹѫȫƽֵģҪȻĻҲòôࡣ
ϾǵΪǱȽϵ͵ģѧԺʺǡ
ΪˣŻǲѧԱȥһѧԺ
ǧǵļޣδ׵ҲЩΪѵӡ
һ̾˿ҡҡͷѩҲﲻˣҲһսŹѫΪ˹ԼĶ
ûϵǰġ
ѩæ˰ֵǰѾǺܶܶˣⲿ似򣬵òҲûа취
Ȼô˵ѩлܿóһЩᡣ
ʵҲ֪ԼȻٴγˣǧսŹѫܹĿʵ̫ãˡ
Ǻɱ¾ߣֺûᣬôܷ
ŵ飬ȴ˴۾
ҷۡ
۵ĺɱ¾ߣ˰ֱ֣ӱĬ
򵥵֣ΧȫȻĽǳ˵Ԥϣǻãɱ¾߻᲻ϧһд۽乺أϾǲ޾Ʒ似Ҳɱ¾Сӵһˡ
һû˻ѩȥˡ
˺ɱ¾ҪѩһˣȻ֪ΪʲôȴԵ飬ոճۣΪסˣڷȫΪ˳ȫѩ
˺ɫѩʱѩԼĪأԼ˾ʧܵ׼ȴû뵽ɱ¾߾Ȼ˾ģ޾Ʒ似ø
ȷԼīǲʶɱ¾ߵģԷΪʲôҪԼӣ
ͻȻ뵽˫Уλ˵еĴڣ˫
嵱Уһ彮ڲǿߣ˫ˣѵ˵ɱ¾СӺ˫йأ
Ȼ˫ˣһսҲεģ嵱еǿڡ
Ҫ˵ɱ¾СӸ˫ʲôϵ⻹ͦпܵģϾ彮򣬶ǿҲôЩѡ
ɱ¾СӵˣȻ֮һϹϵˡ
Ȼʲôԭڳ˶²óˡ
ֻ֪˷֮Լⲿ޾Ʒĺ幥似򣬾ǧļ۸ѩˡ
۸񣬵Ҳֻ΢һµĻ۸һҲпܵģֻȥôˡ
ѩī˵ʲ϶չˣͨƳ֣߱һ
һֽǮһֽ
ݸѩȻյ˶Էһöб¼ǧսŹѫսרõĹѫΨǿ߲ܹƳֻսо߱һݵ˲ܹе
õö֮󣬱ȥսŵһЩԱеսŹѫ
սУһ㶼ǲȡַʽ
彮Уֽܶ׻ңսϣͳһʹõľսŹѫˡ
յǧսŹѫڴͨƾ˲ġ
ѩõö似֮ȲĽУȻǹȻһǿ޾Ʒ似̺ŵĺΪ似
ܹһĲΣ˵ۺսܹһ࣬൱ܹԽһȥԸǿĶ֣
޾Ʒ似ЧҪԽһֵܶĳ̶ȣҪпܡ
˵ʵǧļ۸ǱȽϵ͵ˣսڲ޾Ʒ似óһʱ䣬Ȼ㹻֮ٽһ㶼һϡ
¸˵
ȴҡҡͷսŹѫһ治ôȱþͺˣ޾似ҲǽҪ˰ɣսϣͬһߵսѣûҪô
ҪսŹѫĻϺܶණԻĹѫֻûбҪˡ
ڣǸպһ¶ԷͨƵŻóˣҪȻĻҲûôż
似ʵЩ£Ҫ۷嶼ѣȻȥоһӣսŹѫⲿ似ҲûѫֵĶˡ
ѩϵǰ˵꣬Ȼ͸īתȥˡ
յõ޾Ʒ似ǣЩȲҪȥ˭ܹ⣬Ҳû˾֡
ⳡ¸ͺݺ໥һۣȻ໥һЦ
ˣ޾Ʒ似ʱҲЩȣݺãϾ֪Щʲô
¸ȴǴδ뵽ܹôĶ
ȻǾ似ֻʱģҲѾǸѵõĻˣʱ䣬ȫĻ㹻ˡ
ʱٽ似򻹸ҲûʲôʧԼܹ̳һ似ȥ
ڣ̳似̺ԼĵúۼȥĻȻܹɹҪȻȴûôˡ
似ԭر
ڵȴѧԺһͨƻһЩóϼˣҲʱһˡ
ѧԺٷԱδ֣ɱ¾Сӵһ꣬վ˳ӻȡһȻΧչʾһ¡
Ӱ۰ɣ۸ߵã
ȻһöӰ
꣬΢΢ĿʱʱȻе˼
һӼˡ
ӰһֱҪõĶܹǿͨЧĴڣ


1434 Ӱ
Ǻɱ¾ó˰Ӱ˻оûôȴͷһ𣬶˵ⶫǼΪõģ
ԷʱóӰòǿոѩҲôһ֣
ô˵˵ӰҪԾǳͨƵģ
ͨÿͻһⰵӰһΣпܼʮ궼Ҳ
˵һ£öӰɱ¾СӴӻ彮õΣԲض˵ҪöӰļǧսŹѫϣĻձ㲻ˡ
ɱ¾ߵ˵ţȻ˺԰Ӱ
ҲЩ֣ɱ¾ΪʲôԼѵΪԷϵԼ˪ϵģ
Բ󣬲ôöӰǿ϶ҪģϾôһѵõĻᣬҪҲ̫ԲԼˡ
ô˵Ҳǧԭǧ򣬱ǧ˰ġ޿Ҫ֪һѫÿ»ڸʮ档
ǧ˰öӰӦûˣͨƣֻܵʱٿˣ㣬򲻵Ҳû취
ⰵӰúݺ¸ǵʲҲȥģôߵļ۸ĻɵӶ֪ԷϷˣԼ
ȻҪöӰҲԸⱻԷϷˣ
ǧ򡣡
뵽ֱӳۣȻһǺɱ¾ߡ
۵ʱ򣬺ɱ¾ҲһĿԣӶԷпһĨϷʡ
ָокܲˬҲⲻˬֳ
ʶԷȻԷðӰۣľͿˣûҪȥԷҪǵҲǺӡ
ʲôɱ¾Сӣ߶δ׵۷Σ
ҲԼֶΣ˫Ҫ׶Կһ˭ʤ˭أĲ˵ֻҪȥСе˽гæ㹻ԸԷмһˣټϻǺӵЩǡ
һֱԼѧԺдʲôƣʱ粻ǺܸߣҪ۸ȴŶûеġ
ǧ֮Աһʱû˳ۡ
ܿ죬Ⱥбһ۵̧ǧ򣬰ӰҪˣ
ЩɳƣݣһЩѧԺˣ˭
ԣǹԼڸסˡ
ǧһ򡣡
۾ۣڵļ۸ĽܷΧڣûҪӰܵ־Ǻõġ
ǸԼ۵˭ģ²⵽ǼһпǸɱ¾СӵվһߵģֻΪ˰Ѽ۸θߡ
Ͼ֮ǰ˽ѧԺӰĵ߲࣬԰ӰҲǺܴġ
ǧ򡣡
۵Ӽۣһһ򣬴ֱ۾Ű򣬿ƺҪⰵӰһ
ЩˣһѵҪⶫ
ô˵ϻ㹻սŹѫ۵ģۣǧһ
ĳˣԷٽ۸쭵ǧôͲٳˣ˵ʲߡ
ҵĻǾûбҪˡ
ԼһҪ彮ȥģʱ򣬰Ӱ϶ܹõֹһö
ѾöӰˡ
û뵽ǧһ֮۵ȴûмۣǰ˰֣ʾ˷˼
ɱ¾߼״㵭Цǧһ򣬻иߵûУⰵӰˡ
Χ˵Ȼˣǧһļ۸񣬾Ǽߵļ۸ˣ£һöӰǧҲͲˡ
˶Ǳˡ
ȴ˾á
˵սŹѫ֮ܹȡʵĶ˵ؼġ
ûгۣ۸㽫ӰȥٵȥҲ׬ģѾǸ߼ۣԣɽҲġ
ɱ¾߱˵ͷȻˣⰵӰˡ
˵⻰㽫ӰֱӸ
ͽոմѩϵõöѫ򣬻ԼһöѫӸ˶ԷиպǧһսŹѫһֽǮһֽ
õ˰Ӱ֮Щġ
հӰмΪİӰЩ鼤ûѩõ뿪
һ棬ľǱѩȶˣһ棬ҪȴһͨƵϼܡ
ȻϵսŹѫϻˣ¸ͺݺŮȴһǧҲ߰۸ʵĻܹĵһƿͨƵġ
ʱͷһǺɱ¾꣬˫ĪӣҲ֪Щʲô
Ҳûʲô̫ϵ
ΧˣҲʼ˽ｻǣȻ˹עĽ㡣
ֵǣÿγѧԺΪ˵Ľ㣬һιʱ򣬾ó˺˪ϵԡ
һƺߵĶ粨Ķòְ
ѧԺٷƷҪˡ
УһǶϤӰ𽥴Ӵ֮ⲽǱѧԺƽʱĸˣ񸡻
񸡻ǿߣƽʱѧԺڵƷϼܣڽš
ѧԺУ˱ͺ٣񸡻ѧԱ֮⣬ֻʣĹԱƽʱ͸ѧԺĽ񷢲ȵȣЩ٣һٳѧԱǰԵ൱ء
ڴĶˣͨƣһΣѧԺƹָܹʮƿͨƣ֮ǰҪһƿ
񸡻ⲽбһƿͨƣЦⰻȻߵȺС
ھͨƳ۰ɣ۸һƿ۸ߵã
񸡻һ˵ţһ̧Сڱŵʮƿͨȫȡ˳ʮƿӶƮ˰С
ʮƿͨƣһʼսŹѫһƿϾһѧԱÿһõĽ
ͨƣһֻбȽ߻ҪһЩոµļһѧԺҲһܹȫꡣ
ԭⶫԭ򡭡
ǰݺѧԺʱûʲôѧԱһͨƣʣ࣬˲١
ڣЩͨƵļ۸򣬶˵ǸϢ˵ĵͨأ
ÿһƿͨƣڳÿ˶Խгۣһֱû˳ΪֹʮƿͨƵˡ


1435 
һʼıۣ¸衢ݺҲû룬ֱӽÿһƿͨƶˣǸóһǧÿһƿܹʮƿ
ʣ߰óƿ
Ȼȱǵģ϶ܹ򵽵ģܿ죬һƿƿͨƾ˱˸ߵļ۸
磬ϵƿͨƣͱ˷ֱٶʮʮļ۸±ˣұǵļ۸ڲܿʹﵽսŹѫ
۸񣬻ǱȽϱ˵ˡ
뵽ԼѧԺʱʣµЩͨƶİһƿʹŵĵʱƽ۸ɽľİһƿ
ֵעǣͨƽбעļ۸ǿԳģһսŹѫصԼϣƿͨƵĵ׼ۣͳ˳֮ǰļ۸
ҲͽΪʲôʱʱܹôƿͨơ
ڣͨƵľճɽļ۸»һЩ
߰սŹѫܹĵһƿͨǿ϶ģҪĵƿͺѶˡ
ʱ򣬺ݺ͵͵ܵԣתսŹѫ
һǧӦܹһĵƿͨˣҲʣһǧĵͨҲԶȡ
ݺ˵ߣûʲôҪˣҪĻҪ޾Ʒ似Ӱԣ㾡Ҫźá
ںݺĺ⣬δܾѲֱ˴ˣܶණ˫ȻȻΪԷ롣
ݺڲҪͨˣҲġ
ţ뵽似İ취ͷ㡣
뵽֮ǰԼСУѹԼΪЩȽĲεսƾ似Ч㲻ԴҲ̸ݺ
ݺ˵ͷȻ뿪ȥЩͨƵļ۸ˡ
İ
ܿ죬ͨƵļ۸񶼴ﵽĿһֱڣûκһƿͨƵļ۸񱻳Ҳʹţİļ۸ĻЩͨƽȫ
Ȼڵľ֮ǰǰҪǿˣϾͺݺˣͶ˲ʲء
İٶʮ
˿е۸ȥעƿͨƣʱڣûƿͨƵļ۸ˡ
ûãʮƿͨƣ۸İٶʮȻвͨƵļ۸İʮ
̶ȣ˿ʼȱƿͨƳ۸İʮȻ˲Ҫˣʽ𲻹ˣȥȫ⼸ƿ
һԼϵƿͨƱעİʮļ۸
۸ͨƵıֵ˵ѾǱȽϸߵˣԣ۸Ϳʼͣ
İʮģƿ
İʮģƿ
ƿİʮģ󣬻ûκһƿȱȫ˲˾ۣξĹѧԺ̳нͨʣˡ
󣬳ɽ
ݺ¸裬ֱõƿƿƿͨƣ¸豾ҲûʲôҪڲȫΪ˸ȡͨơ
ͺݺںܶûȫģܹȫЩĻʵǳࡣ
⻹ΪѾ似򽻸¸裬¸Ϊжرڼѩǲ޾Ʒ似Ȼĳǧļ۸ǸоĸԻر
ԣƿͨƾ൱лˡ
˵ʵڵģƿͨƶ˵ǺҪĶܹƿͨƣٿԽʡʱ䣡
һƿͨƣԽʡһʱ䣬ƿ߰죡
ɽ֮ûʣ¶սŹѫˣźݺ¸趼ûʣ¶٣ڽȥǵٶȽ׬ȡսŹѫٶҲ졣
ƿͨƣС
һĻԶɱ¾߿ЦһԹƿͨƣǹ󷽵ģϧ˭֪ͨƵЧǻͬҩһ㣬˥ģ

ͨƵЧ˥ģһ֮ǰͨƵʱ֪ˣȴһ㡣
Ϊħ֮ĵˣ
ֻҪħ֮طȫô֮ǰͨɵĸýȫʧһ㣬ҩõĽһģһġ
ΪˣŻͨƵЧˣǲҪôͨƵġ
Ǻɱ¾ߵĻ񸡻ҲЦһЦһͨƵЧǻ᲻˥ģҼǵòĻ֮ǰҲѾüƿͨˣøĻЧûеôá
ҲЩͨƾرҵԭˡ
ΪͨƵЧϵݼõƿʼЧͷǳˣڳѧԺǿߣùôͨˡ
˶֪ħ֮ģӵЧҲֻкݺһ㡣
¸裬ҲǶԴһ֪⣬Ȼ֪ЩֶΣ֪ô
ԣ¸ҪôͨҲЩ棬ȻҪͲ˵ʲô֪ϵܿǶòأҪÿһ֪ĻԼ϶
лǰģԴзִġ
ԸЦһЦȻݺ¸Ů˺һԣʾٲȥľˡ
û̫ǽŽ˽ȥһЩƷĳʾһͨһϼܵģвĶ
磬ȥóһö쾧Ʒ֮
֮һֻ쾧ƷģҪսŹѫܹһս۵ġ
쾧ƷĴ֮ȴǼԵõģսжóۡ
Ϊ쾧ƷĴ̺֮屶ƷĴ֮⣬ӵиֲͬЧĴڣ
磬ڸóһö쾧Ʒ֮Чܹ֮ڽȥһʱڣһȻָٶȡ
ЧԴ˵ζʲôζΣͷԼʴرǶѧԺ˵Чʱʹܶһ
ܶʱ彮ڽʱĶǺصһڣӰЧʣĳЩʱǵ
쾧Ʒ֮⣬񻹴һЩ޾սȻܹѧԺ۵ģض޾Ʒս
޾Ʒսʵ̫ͶһЩ޾Ʒսȴֲô׵õģѧԺûж١
⣬һЩⵤҩ޾ƷƷ似֮ĵȵȡ
ûʲôԼõĶȻݺ¸׼뿪ˡ
Ӱƿͨƣ˴εջ
Ů뿪ʱɱ¾Сӵĺ꣬дЩɻ뿪ıӰȻ벻ͨΪʲôҪôͨơ
ȴҲܸѯʵġ
ӰǧȻһ۲գȥСӣ˼
ɱ¾뵽Լŵһδ׵ʱ򣬱˵ǧˣ߰սŹѫһʾ޿
ӻ


1436 ںϾ
ҪǣȻܵõݺ¸ŮԮƿͨƣôͨƣһʲô
ɱ¾벻ͨҲ벻ͨһΪʲôԼһ˫ǽнһӴܶԶԷи˽⡣
Ȼ˽ɱ¾߲û̫Ȥ
õ˰Ӱƿ֮ͨ¸ͺݺŮȥˣҲһЩȲ֪ӰںϵԼ֮ͨ󣬻һЩʲôı仯
ڶͨɾǵͨӰ֮飡
ͨðӰ֮ģκδڵȻתΪЩʻ̬
ͨսĸıǳûͨսҪ½һΡ
ؼͱΪһж˺üڻ޵ʱֻ񾳽ǿܹټϢ
Ψһƣĵ̫ˣһ˵ʱ޷־ãҪôҪĺܶ൤ҩάȥ
ӰںڰӰ֮ϰɣʲôЧ
š
ʵϣӰں֮ͨϣܹõͨͶһ
֮֡Ϣȵȣ밵ӰĻ֮ΪһЧͨĳЩʱó
ȴǣӰ֮Ҫͨûдﵽ۷壬ȰѰӰ֮ﵽ۷֮ٿȥ
ô˵ȥѰӰ˵ʲôЧ٣ڣӰƺǿ֮ȡģЧôĻҲԽӰȡ뵽ͨС
֮еĿռ侫ûͨʺˣ߸ͨУֻо̺֮һЩռܹΪռ侫ɱġ
ܿ죬¸衢ݺŮǡ
ǻȥԵ޾Ʒ似ˣ׼һԼʵ
ȰӰɡ
ʱƿͨƷŵһߣȻȡ˰Ӱͽ˾еԼС֮ڡ
ȻӰ͵˰Ӱ֮֮ͨԱߡ
СУӰֳ֮һڵҳģⱾҳǺϵģΨڶõʱᷭһҳ
ûκεԥӰֱͶ뵽˰Ӱ֮УȻѸУ
Ӱ֮飬𽥷ĳı仯ܹоԼСеκα仯ֻǱӰ֮飬ɭȻڰ֮УȻ𽥷
ǰδеģǰΨڶðӰ֮ʱⶫŻᷭڣδðӰ֮飬ⲿҳѾȻȻ˿
ҪǣҳƺǴûзҳ档
һְӰ֮ڷһҳϣȻ̻һͷɭȻģģ̫ˣⲻǾ۵
ҳϻžۣ˵ҿԱ仯ɾ۵ӣ⡭
ôҲû뵽Ӱ֮˰Ӱ֮󣬻ı仯
ؼǣı仯ʲôã
ţĵȴӰ뵽Ӱ֮У֣ڰӰ֮󣬰Ӱ֮·˺üҳ
һҳǾۣļҳȫδߴڣǿһһԣ仯Щʲôá
ڸ㶨ˣھ԰ɣ
ţȻ͸ڴɫ˴߶ͨӰ֮飬Ȼ仯һͷ
۵ģСУͷ۵ڶһԶżеľ۱һģһ΢Щá
֣ܿԼ״̬£ʾĵȻңܹþ۵ߴͨ
֮İ¡
ȵȣܹߴͨڶԶãԼͨҪǿܶ౶
пս似ƽʱսදõĻǿս޽֮ˣ仯ɾۣȻȳʼҪǿǽսƵӵʮϣǻᳬԽ۱
ţ΢ЩϧһĻ۱仯ѵûκˣ
ûż仯ǿʼܣ˾֮󾿾ʲô仯ܿһϲķ֡
죬̫ˣ
ֻ΢һ£ͷ״̬£ԼʾĵٶȣȻƽʱҪһ࣡
ʾģۻɱħ֮ĵȵֶΣ״̬£ٶȶһࡣ
Уħ֮طѾصľ磬ĻҪô㹻ȥҪô츳ȥ
ԼҪʱ䣬ҲԽʡһЩģ֮ǰԼҪħ֮򵽵أҪһʱ䡣
ڣֻҪĸ¾Ϳˣ
ʱ仹̫ˣԣط˵Լ򲢲һõ;ؼɱ
ɱйһֱûֹͣоȴʼûʲô̫ͻơ
ڻ֮ɱٶһӷ˺üҪΪԭ۶Ѿ˲٣һĲΡ
״̬£ٶȣȻȻ˲֪٣
̬ȥ²ʱ䣬ɱͻʵͻƣٴζõĻɱ𽥳ΪɱУ
ȻɱڵǺ˽⣬֮ɱʲôӣûм
ڻۣʩչɱĻʩչֻĳ̶ȣ۳һЩƶ֣Ȼ֮ʴ֡
ĳ̶ȣɱ̫ǿöã´Ҫãٵʮźá
ϾǹѶʵ̫ˣǽ۷״̬϶Խһ似ģһ㣬Ǻڴġ
ٿ
һȻ󽫰Ӱ֮鳯һҳȥ
һҳϵһͷ壬ͷǰɨı岢ͬһͷ񾳽ı壡
˵εĻͷĲΣ±ȵϾ۵ĲΣԿ˵Ǳеǿߣ
һ㻯һͷ壬ϿѰıһûС
ܵ彮Ļ᲻ֱӱԷǱˣ
ЩΣ֮󣬸ոһҲĸоԼ״̬£򺮱ĵٶһ˲١
ٶٴﵽԭ
ϧǣûʲôԵģƺûʲôˡ
״̬£Զ߸ͨǺ۶ɵģֻϧԺûʲôо˽⣬Ҳû
ԣ̬ʩչ߸ͨûʲôģͬǿ߿¶򲻹Ҫ˵Խսˡ


1437 ȫ
Ϊϲû뵽ⰵӰ֮龹ȻӵĹܣȻӰʱڰӰ֮ϣΪõġ
ϾڵʵڣҪʲôʱ仯ΪӦģͿˡ
ܿ죬ǼҳҳУһͷι״ͷȫǹе񣬲ͬǣһ͹͹ϣɭ
֮ע⵽ͷΪͷ̺ŵǿսģ仯ΪͷɭȻ׹ĻֿսԵٶȽࡣ
Ȼӿս似ģĿս̫ԵʣûĿս
򵽸ǿĿսģսĵϳ̶ʩչսٻܷʮʱ˵ǵʱԵ۷ʱڡ
ǲξڵ˵еԶ
٣Ҫսĵϳ̶ȣҪܶⵤҩЩⵤҩƽҲڹ۲죬ûпѧԺⵤҩ٣ǡþûսϵġ
ӰϵⵤҩУѾҪֵҩˣΪ밵Ӱϵ˵ʮ۷Ρ
սģϵ߲ѣеҲʩչս޷ӳǿ
ҡҡͷ˼ŵǰ
Ӱ֮˰Ӱ֮ЧȻԤϣȻ仯ΪÿʹһԣĵʱһЩٶȡ
ңһٴλޣڻĵ֮ǰ˽ӽʮ
Ϊ仯ʲô޵ʱĵд󲿷ֶǴӰӰնӰϴΧռ棬ȫܹ㹻֧һս֮Уݽߡ
˵ҲǸܺõϢҲʹҪСĽʡŻˡ
սУƵĻޣغɱﵽһȥ
ʣöӰ÷ǳֵãϾȥҪͨƣѸԼĸǲ֪仯Ϊ۵Ļʾĵ٣ǷܸͨƵЧͬʱӣ
뵽ȥһ¾ˣ
ûκԥѡԱȻħ֮һ֮ǰͨƵ˥ЧȻ㿪ʼͨƣ
ǵһͨƣԶͨƵЧҲ׼
Ժǿʾġϵ̫֮ٶȣҲʼɱ
һ
ٶʮʱ˾ѾôˣǾ֮嶼ûʲôãΪͨƵⲢкЧ
Ҳһ¾ӣպ˵ʲô֣רþķʽﵽƶֵЧ£֮˵ʧȥЧ
ܿ죬˱ʧȥʶƻ˹ȥ
ȻʱͨƵЧѸٵķӳǾ۵̬ʾĵٶȱһࡣ
Ҳ˵ͨƵЧһӷ˱
ոջ֮ǰѾˣ˲ŰĵĻ˯˹ȥȥֻҪȴһѹͿԿһһƿͨȥЧˣ
һʱ
תһʱ鿴һԼʾĵ򣬽ΪϲΪһʾģһʱ䣬ʹﵽƽʱ˸µЧ
ķǳʹ죬Ȼ仯Ϊ۵̬֮ʾĵٶܹۼƵͨƵЧϣһƿͨȥ൱˰˸£
һʱ䣬㽫ʾĴɣ򽫽߳ɵĵز
ȥȫʾģȥƿͨƣҲпܵˡ
ûκͣϾ¸ͺݺڵ£ȻһȥѧԺأҪѸٲС
һԱһȻͨƣ
ᳵ·ˣϵԱϵͨ¶ǣһһʱȥͨԽԽ٣ʾĵȴԽԽࡣ
ʮʱڽƿͨȫˣ
ЩͨƣȫʾģһΣԸԳʾʮɣﵽȫĳ̶ȣ
ȫʾģȫѾ̥ǡ
̧֣ʾľģκΰӰԵֶΣ֮ǰٴһأɵʾģֶ
ȫ֮ⷽﵽ˶ʮ
ȫЧʮǶʮҲ൱ڣ̶ʮʱڣԼʵһѸ൱һĳ̶ȡ
ڵȻֻһδ׵磬ʵϵսȴԴﵽѰĶδ׵ĳ̶ȡ
ڣսƵӵһٶĻܹԸѰδˣûκεڵʵԭδ׵¸ҲԶˡ
Ҫ֪¸ѧԺѧԱܹԽսĳˣȴܹԽսʵ彮򣬶ûм
ûκԥٴβ鿴һԼ״ֽ̬ϵ̫֮Ҳ˲١
С˽ϵ֮ԴܹȻȻϵ̫֮
Ȼ֮ǰﵽ֮󣬽ϵ֮ԴԶЧ˺ܶ࣬ոõƿͨƣ൱ʮ£ʱ䣡
ôԶЧôʱ䣬ЧҲǼΪģɵĽϵֱ̫֮ɵĽϵ̫֮
ϵ̫֮ҲܹʾĵɣҲپĵˣҲܷһģ
̶ʮʱ䣬ٶʵ̫ˡ
ʱδ뿪ԼС磬ȥ¸ͺݺϣΪҪǾǽĺĿռУȥʣЩ֮ͼƶ¼ԺУ
֮ǰЩͼƣӡһԺУصĶʮͼƣʣʮûм¼
صͼƣԭҪӡһԺУҪʱ䡣
ڣ˾ĺĿռһУһ£ȻҪӡһصͼƣȻֻҪʱʱ䣬Ȼӿʮ
ӦΪѾȫʾĵԵʰɣ
ţĺá
ȻˣȻֱӿʼԺӡЩͼƣʱ䣬صͼƾܹȫӡڽȥĵڰغ͵ھͼǷҪӡʱٿɡ


1438 ٽ
ű㿪ʼ֮ͼƶӡԺС
ԭӡصͼҪʱ䣬ȴֻҪʱżӿʮٶȣȫΪȫʾĵԵʡ
ȥʱ䣬ʣµĵͼȫӡԺУʱʼѾľ֮Чھ񹥻Ϳֶεĵֿһ˸ߵĲΡ
ȥĵڰͼƣҪӡκһҪʮʱʱ䣬Ͼһӡһһ£Ҫӡڰͼƣöʮʱ䣬ҪӡеھصͼƣҪһٶʮ죬Ҳǲĸµʱ䡣
ʱѧԺѧҲͽˣһǷǳ󣬱Ͼ񹥻ͿֶΣþ꾵Ѿܹ벿ˣⷽĵֿЧ岢Ǻܴ
Ҳ˵ӡЩͼƵĻõսԣѵʱȴǳ࣬ûʲôҪˡ
ϧڽЩ֮ͼƶӡ֮ǰǰĵڶ㣬ҪȻĻֱӽȥЩʲôãӦħ֮ĵͼưɣ
ţҡҡͷ
ʱĻȥһЩѧԺרȥĻһʱ䶼ܵõܶսŹѫˣҪǣܹʵսԼԼսϤָĶ֡
ѧԺ֮õսʵս飬κ˶Եõģһ㣬ܹõ߹ĲƸ
ʶսʽѧԺѧԱʺκγϣκζս
ѧԺһûôйսҲθ¸ͺݺһ񣬶Ըһͷ壬һͷǰʶԨ塣
Խȥ׼ȫȥѧԺЩ
ս壬Ҳսвܹ似δﵽĲΣҲ֪̤뻯֮󣬻ӵʲôǿṦЧ
ţԴЩڴ
ΪϿս壬׼ÿνѧԺһطͿǸûսϳ̶ȵⵤҩۡ
ֵҩֻѧԺڸպûжѣȥĻǺпܵõһöģܹսĵϳ̶ȣʵǿԵõ
Ҫʽֶαǿս壬Ͼ޾Ʒ似Ȼֶʩչսȭڣܹ޾似һ㡣
ǣȴӵܹߵӿսƵЧ޾似Ȳϵģ˵иĺô似ֻҪܹսдӵƵĿܣ
ս壬˾ܴߵߵǿȣδ׵ǿȣټħ֮ĵЧܹսվȽŸ
Ϊˣսڵ˵ǿֶˣֶศɣܹսʤԭսʤĶ֡
һδ׵˵ǲܵ顣
ȥĿ꣬δףԼʵҪܶԸѰ߶δף
ԼһĿܹ꣬ԸѰδףûʲô̫⣬Եδ׵ʱ򣬶ԸѰ߶δӦҲŶԡ
˵ҲֻѰ߶δ׶ѣѧԺЩһﵽδ׵ĳ̶ȣǲܸǶԿġ
һ˵ѧԺԽߵţѧԺʱԽãǵӦֶҲӿֲԽǿ
иϢǣ֮ǰôͨƵЧȥķ֣ԼԹɱȻҲ˲٣ڵȻֻܶʴ֣ʴɱֱӱ֮ǰһ
һ˵ȫ㲻ʲôģȴɱ⣡
ڵ֪֮ǰѹʲôΣֻԿ϶Էδ۷壬ԣҪɱ֮ǰĳ̶ȣӦԱȽϼ򵥵ġ
ȻѶȻǷǳߵģھ֪ˡ
֮ǰֱƿͨƵģ൱ֱ˽ʱ䣬ʾĶѾȫˣԹȴֻôһ˿ѣ
˵ȫɱҪﵽһٷֵĻôǰֻʮ֣ԭֻеһ֣
ڣɱһ֣仯˵Ƿı仯ʵȴûȡ
˵ƿֻͨٷ֮һɱĻҪɱ򵽸ĲΣپҪ߰ƿͨˣ
㣬ЩƣôͨƣÿѧԺͨƶҪʮʱܹ룡
οѧԺͨôܸһ˶ռˣ
ңַܹͨʽɱΪܹͨӰ֮黯Ϊ۵Եʣɱһ˿ĸо
ָоڷ֮ͨԺʱɱй
ô˵ʱһˣţԳȥһЩѧԺˡ
ţ뿪Լڵķ䣬ȥ֪ͨһ¸ͺݺ׼ϣȥѡһЩʵ
¸ͺݺŮھûʲô飬޾Ʒ似ѡ
¸Ķδ׵磬˾ٴγǰʱ򣬾似Ѿ۷徳磡
Сɵɣٵ۷壬¸踶ŬԲ١
ݺҲǲ࣬ιǰһʱƿطӰʱ䲻㳤ҲѾ˴ɵľ硣
۷廹Ǵɵľ磬޾Ʒ似ѾʵսˣܹһЩЧ
ݺ磬δףĶδ׻е룬ϾǴ׵ĲΣҪС置ΧΪѶȱǰҪ˺ܶܶࡣ
⿴ɣҪһδδףҪ֮ǰʮҲ̤׾֮Ҫһ÷ǳѡ
ϣȻͷѡһΣҪܵѶȣžδңεӦܹˣ˵Ϥһ±˴֮ϣȻͿȥһЩѶȽϸߵˡ
ʣ¸ͺݺŮ֮Ѿ൱ϤˣȴûôŮһսΨеβսҲǺܶʱھͽˡ
񲻴Ը壡óԸ壬Ҫȥԣ
ܿ죬ݺʹһͷ¸һȥ
壬һûй̶壬ó񹥻ֶΣ䲢İ


1439 巨
ڻ壬˵ӡ̵ģΪոմС磬뵽彮ʱѪɳսͷ壬һͷǻ塣
һͷԨսʿǿ壬ǿԨӿ壬ûĴ置򣬶Ԩ壬ҲǶԸˣһľ顣
壬֮ǰ֮طѪɳɵһͷ˵ʱĳȻЩ¡
Ͼû壬񹥻ʤʮİգԸΪѡ
սϣֻľţǽڵĳȥԸģǸ壬ҲǼó񹥻ֶΣȥػΪʣûгʲô
Ȼóֶεȥ壬ƽҲģֻЩѰ֪ˡ
Ը塭
Щ⣬û뵽ݺôһǶԸĻ߱սģַĪˡ
Ͼ˾֮似ڸӡôͼԺУǿ˾֮ЧҪǣھ֮ھ۷ģܹ߶꾵
һĶ֣ԨȵȣԷһʩչ񹥻ֶΣԾ꾵Ҳòˡ
Ի˵꾵ȴ˵ǵУ˵ֱӽԷҪ֪꾵ܹ෴ʮ񹥻ĿֲֶΣ
ȻˣЩʶһجΰɡ
۾Ժݺ˵ͷʾ
ڻ壬ͷͱע˶ǻ壬Ҫ֪Ժݺ¸ʱδ
ڼͬ⣬Ҳͽöȡ
Ѷָ꣬˵δֲܽеóȻܣƺе㲻ס
ݺЦЦ˵
񶼽˲˵ʲôãڣ֮ЧҵҪжô
¸ȴЦûеǲɣϾֻδײεѶ˵ǺܸߣУһרſƻڣΣգҲӦûữΪĲŶԡ
ʵϣԸĶΣյģΪӰΣƷʤҪҪҵǵѶȱҵҪϺü
ȴδģΪкݺڣƿѾ˵ھ۷壬ܹԼӳ־֮⣬򵥵˵ҪδײεĻǿ߲̫ѡ
˽֮ûκԥ̾ѡ˶
Ա߲˼Ȼ񣬲ɷ׷ײĿ
Ƕڴѡ񣬵Ȼע˻ĽͬѶȼҪȴȻûԸȥܣΪɲѰܹԸģ
ûֶεĻЩԼΪ͵Ļ壬ܲܶԸ˶һ⡣
¶ѧԺѧԱ˵ͬˣ˶ͨ񹥻ͿֶεģܶʱǶûֱǸ࣬ȫôϵ֡
壬ȫɾɣӰΣֶβǿĻҪԸѶȼߣ֪ͻᱻǸɵˡ
һ뵽岼µľУٸߣѴѳΪԷĹƲߵߵľ꣡
ǵӴ󰡣ˣȻȥһ鷳
ǲҵ˵ЩԹʱ彮ʱѪɳնɱһͷ塣
Ҳ˵ˣܹɱˣûж٣رܴսϻ׽Ļ壬ԶԸ
۷׷ףӶĲ¼˽ģϾӸռѧԺʼͳѧԺˣȻרȥһӡ
ڵǺڴܹ飬ʵȻԸ

ĳžޱȵյС
ͺݺ¸ŮƬյУܲΧʲôǺӵĴڣطȽƫƧ˵ͷǿ߾ͶƬ򸽽
ͷδ׾ĻǿߣӦƬĳĲãѾ˺üµʱ䣬ԶԶûдﵽҪɵĳ̶ȡ
֮ǰѧԺǿ߷ⷨõļ󣬾ͽ䷢ΪˣֻһûʲôԸ񣬱Ͼ̫⣬Ըʵ̫пܷˡ
ֱ˽ѧԺĳЩ߲ҲЩ˿أǻû˸ҽѧԺͷǶˣ
Ҫ֪񣬱ǸƽսŵĳЩⲿŴģֻѧԺĸ߲׼һѧԱԲŰҪû˽ȥɵĻ˵ȷǻܶ˵ġ
Ϊˣڵвٸ߲˹Ŀ࿴˵ѧԱȻЩѧԱҪ
ǵȻ֪ͻɱ壬ʱɱĻǱ䶷ϵĻ壬Է޴ӣڣǿҪյȥЩ壡
ģʵǾ񹥻ֶΣǡܣ
ڻûй̶壬Ǿɵ壬ҪܵĻܹܶط羫ֽ⣬ֽ壬޺ۼɢյУȻĳȫĵط
ûսеƣһ˸ҳɱ
С˵ͲˣҪ׷ٶ֣ݺֶξԿ˵һģʶ֪֮˵Ǵ۷ˡ
Ǻܶ߶δ׵ǿߣʶ֪֮ǿҲԶԶݺġ
˾ƿطϾ֮ļӳɣݺʶ֪Ǳͬǿһٱģ
Ҫֹͷδ׵Ļǿ𡭡
ţûжңһܣȻ˴Сз˳
Сӣʲô£
ȵúܲͷģԭȥȴû뵽ҪѧԺѧŻȥ
ҳȻûʲôɫˡ
ǰһ£⸽ûʲôķϢ
ûһЦʵ
˶ڷվŲоģԣһߵķӦûʲô⣬Ҫ֪УԷδдЩڲõʲô
Ϊ˱Ҫȫ˲С
Ļûмˬˣ¹طһȤǺܿͿʼΧ
⸽һ͵ķǡͷ󣿡
˸һΧϢЩ֣ͷ˭᲼óķûʲôð


1440 ǧ
ͷ
һƣоһִŵ뷨Ҫ֪ɶǾ۶ɵ壬⾫ͷ󣬶壬˵ûʲôãԻȴһ
壬ͨ־ͷĻֻо걻ߣȴԭ£ֱ߽
룬Ƕ˵Σյһ飬һ˵ûʲô˻ִ£˵רŹһͷˣȫ˵ⷨûʲôã
ҲֻǶ˵ġ
ӰεɾɵĻ˵ǵı׼ͷ
Ȼڹһͷôܲ²ʲô;ˣ˼ȥ̽ѰϢֱӽ֮Ҫȥ
ʱȴԸȥˣ˷ܵɫ֮Сӣţⷨе˼ûмأȥƣ
ʲôƵģǻﹹһ𣿡
˰֣ǰϽȥǰⷨƻ˳׵Ǽͷ壡
ƾ㣿
ǣֱЦһ׵൹УҪƻͷƾ
ݺһô˵ġ
ɫһȻԺݺʵ
ոսֱӴ͹ˣûôע⵽Ŀʲôֻ֪ҪȸɵͷδףƺУǻûע⵽
ݺԵ˵ͷ㽫öȡ˳һеݣȻɫ΢΢һ˵ԭҪԸͷδ֮⣬ҪֱƻУעܼ֣֮
Ҫƻ󣡡
Щ⣬ʵѶƺܸߣôΣ
ǳܹǧİսŹѫ
ݺ˵֮ǰ֪ˣΪϾͱעѫĽֲôõû˽ӣԭҪƻѶȻߡ
ǿǶԷһϲͨ
¸Цһ£Ҫƻ󣬾ǰͷ嶼ɵˣҲû취ģǾһսŹѫò
ǿʲô
˷֣˴ʱĿͶԼЦһɸǣ⾫ͷ඼ûмҪɹƽ⣬ҲоһӲУЩ壬ǶԸȥæƻĻͱ࣬౻ЩĵĶˡ
˶Ҫоһʱ֪ûн취
Щƣֽ׶Ҳûκΰ취Ҳ񣬻˿Ժæ˽񣬿Ҫɾûʲôˡ
ɲܼ֣֮ʱǰǸôͿˡ
˵
ɣôȵõȹ۲һУʲô취ܽƵʱӦûкüѡȰΧɵ۲Ƭ˵
˵ֱ꣬ŲԶзȥһ㶡
ϼһȻôڴɹȥˣͲлǿͻȻֽס
˵ϼһ߶δ׵ǿߣδ׵ĻĻǿ϶Щ鷳İɣ
ߣҲɣȰѻɵͷӦһʼͬһط⵹ǸϢǲҪͬʱͷ塣
ЦһЦȻúݺ¸СС
ΪӰΣû壬ܹö̤֮Է÷ķΧҪޣȻӽУҪηֶԷ͵ÿݺˡ
˾С֮󣬺ݺ̾Ϳʼ߶֮޾֮ѭϵϢķӿȥܿͷϢ
ͷ廹û뵽Լﲼù󣬻ͻȻţܵ˾
ȻǾͷ֣ȻиͷӣڳǹķнӣƺҪоһӣͷһŭˡ
ǷѾǧ࣬üʱŹһľͷܹгԶĴͣôܾôʶȥ
ûκԥͷûжȴǸԵСУų˸ĻЩֱӳ˸ȥҪ˸ɵ
Ҫݺȥ̽ˣѾоˣΧ壬ϳڵĵطЩʵԾûδ׵ĲΣкܶ໹ֻλסλףżмͷһδ׺Ͷδ׵Ĵڡ
һݣЩͷδ׵ĻСзųģ
壬СеıȽĶûҪ£Ⱥһ㣬ǻ尡
ЩСȻΪҲǻ壬ǻһԱӵл⹥ֶΣͬӵֶεȥԸ߶δ׶пܱЩСɱˣ
Щλסһδ׵ȵȣΪǿǱ;ͨ񹥻ֶΣЩ׼峬ǿߣпС
οڳΧЩ壬ȻģֻҪһӹȥ˽ᱻһǧͷСΧס
ôͬʱĻ˶һܵס
ȻΪ嶥ʦ϶ǿôǿǿùǧͷСֲɣ
æ
һʱ˾δ¸ͺݺųΪŮҲûʲô̫á
ܹģֻԼѣ
˾֮壬ӵо꾵ַ񹥻ֶΣҪǶԷĿ겻Ҳ޷з
ԣľ񹥻ֶȥԸЩСУûж룬Ϊɱӵоεƻģ
ĹŲӰ
һ˲۳ϰٸĹŲӰȻ˲ɳȥҲȥˣյУôĹŲӰͬʱ֣˰Χм䣬
ܿ죬ĹŲӰı£յĿʼоͷ
ЩĹŲӰǸʩչɱйֶΣ
Ƭ޾յţЩյвϴƣȻ޷׼ȷĲסÿһͷСֻǱɨЩСܲסе֮ɾͱе֮ʴ
ɱҪ˵Ѿһ㻹ǰŰɱЩСҲû˿ġ
ĹŲӰɱʽһ˲ǧͷСΧ߽ˣɱɱ¾ûκһͷСܹ赲


1441 ɱ
۳ĻĹŲӰʩչɱ洦裬лСЩƣȻʴ
Ҫ˵ûдﵽ׾ĻˣЪһδסδ׵Ļ壬ɱס֮󣬶ֱӱϢʴûκ
ȻЩ嶼Ǿɵ壬ɱԵģͲֻ壬ڣɱԾĴݻǸġ
ھ˵ġ
°ȫݻ٣ֻҪħ֮Ļڣħ֮ľܹ꣬Ȼħ֮طĹܶܳµ
ԣɱйƻҪԾ꣬ЩСʷӳ˼ǿɱ
̫ˣ
ܿ亹ֱΪ֣ۻĹŲӰʩչɱĵʵ̫ˣϣһٸĹŲӰÿʩչһɱҪһöϹżҩָһ
ҪȻĻòͻȫݽߣʱҪʩչʲôֶοɾûôˡ
Իľ壬ս似ûһˣҪԸ壬ΨֶβС
ô壬̼㱻ɵٶͷЩȽǿĶδ׻壬û̱һɱɱŵڶɱʩչһǻûκεֵĿܡ
ƺʶǺܴвЩСͷδ׻ָ£ȻˣֱתϮ
Դˣǲ£ľ񹥻ֶβرǿƣǶԾ񹥻ĵֿȴǼǿ
֮壬ϸողӡԺеܹһʮĸͼƣǿ˾֮Чľ񹥻Ϳֶεֿñ˳࣬Ѿﵽ߶δ׵ĲΣ
ûκζûȥЩԼĻСתһͷδڵλó˹ȥ
±Ը»ЩСȥˣϾһ۾ͿúоͷͷƢȷʵЩŹ֣ʱ˿̣Уͷ֮⣬ûκζ
ȻδػЩСȴᣬ֣ǽǶ
һǶΣһ棬ҲԾͷִ̫ţ˷һ˿ʱȥЩˡ
ܿ죬ŵһͷδ׵Ļ忿ȥ׷ٶͷС;ڱ۳ĻĹŲӰ׷ɱһöһöϹżҩȥĵģЩʵǿɱ
Сеĺݺ¸裬ˣЩ壬˵ʵܹɵڻǿߵеģѧԺжûж٣
¸ͺݺˣ϶ǲܶԸôģԷһһξ񹥻¾ͻᾫˡ
ô׷ɱЩ岻ϳ񹥻һƬյУѾռ䶼ˡ
ȻЩľ񹥻ȴ˿Ӱ첻
渡ֳ֮ٶֵģЩϣȫ֮סûʱ򷢶꾵
Ȼһ꾵ܹЩСȴĵ˲ЩСͷδײεĻǿߣ
꾵ԸͷδײǿߵɱﵣҲһԸͷǿ߲УҪھͱ¶˵Ļ޷ﵽ䲻ЧܿΪԷ׼޷Ч
Ͽһͷδ׵Ļ壬׷ٹĻСԽԽ٣𽥵ıɾ
ɣʵѾͷ亹
ݵʱ֮УѾʮöϹżҩսŹѫĻô˵ҲǼֵʮļֵˣĻǷǳ˵ġ
ܹ֮õĽ˵ҲڿԳܵķΧ֮ˡ
ǧİͺĶ˷Ҳֵܷ˰սŹѫԹ򽫽ö쾧ƷĴ֮ˡ
ڻǱȽҪ֮ģһҪĴ֮ˣһ棬ħ֮طܿҪء
طӵؿʼҪմܹ֮ˣԣڿʼҪ֮սŹѫȻԽԽõġ
׬ȡսŹѫ;кܶ࣬ڿЩЧһЩ
ֻҪҶ;ͷ׬ȡսŹѫѣ
ûκԥڿͷδ׵Ļǿ֮ʱһ̧֣ɱֱʩչֱӳͷǿϮȥ
ͷǿߣӰûκ壬ʶ֪ȴܹڵλãڵĵطѸپ£
ͷǿ߻ڽоͷĹΪƾСзųôСͰ˸ɵˡ
ȴû뵽СӾȻôǿƣֳôСгĻȫˣЩԤϡ
ӣļһ϶ǲݰܹרԻǿ߰
ǻǿдôţȴ޷ԸΪͷҪͷͬʱУһһͷûעͷ󽨳ɵٶȾͻἸͣ͡
һһδ׵СӣҪԶ֣
ڳеǸͷЩǿ˵ĴС
ȻͷǿߵעѾл󱲴ǵСзɳȻϮ
ͷųֱӱüͷδײεĻ󱲸סûа취ͷδ׵Ļǿϡ
òᣬҪɵͷǿߣ͵ðСеôȫɵɣ
ţоΪƣֲ˼֣֮ߣԭѶȵȷһܹġ
ͷδ׾ĻǿСУжٻ󱲣
ǿרų񣬹ͷģܹǰǵСУ󱲵ŷǳġ
һ˵СУؾĴڣǿҲǵ۾εߣͷСУӵеĻУȴһ󲿷ؾģкüͷδ׵Ĵڣ
δףѾǿأùɱҪɱһͷδ׵Ļ壬ҲҪȫܹ˿и
ǣΧɲֹһͷδ׵Ļ塣
ѣзųͷδ׾ĺڰЩڰһ֣ǰ嶼
һͷδ׾Ļ壡


1442 һǧ
˵δ׵壬ºɱܹŰɱˣϾﵽһδףʾҲѾȫգһʱѾǿʮ
ЩӰεĻ壬ȴһ㶼ҷΪоһ򣬾ǿ徫񹥻ǿߣھоȲϻʮ֮һ
ԷЩʲôֶΣȫ޷Ԥϵõ
ʼձžȻԵһͷδ׻ʱһ̧֣Ȼ˲ͷδ׻ϣ
Ϣʴ
Ȼͷȴûоȥֱ񹥻ȻȫûȥֿϢʴƺ֪ǿȵĹԼ϶ǵֵסġ
δײεĻǿ߹ϡ
ûô⣬Ͼӵо֮һеľ񹥻ֿЧ֣ܿǰͷδײεĻǿߣ侫񹥻Ȼǿ
֮۳ϣһľâ̶ɲǼ̽С
˶оһĨžûʲôˣϾо֮ĵԷĹȻڣȴҲ޷̫˺ˡ
о֮ĵܹ䵽ϵľ񹥻Ҳԭһɡ
㾫޷ʲôӰ죬ܵһЩʺѹˣϾ֮Чֲ̫ˣͼƵӰӣȫƣΧ񹥻Ӱ졣
ͷδ׵ĻǿĿ䳹װΧϢʴȫľ֮Уͷ
ɽôһͷĻԶ
űԳвϰΧĻչһɱ
˵ԸЩûκѹؼԭ˾֮壬񹥻ֿʵ̫ǿˣû㹻ΪĻ壬Ͳʲôв
٣δ׾Ļ壬޷˺
֮ķǣԷٶҲûãվ˲ľ꣬𲻶Χ£Ļ󱲣ֻĶٺʱˡ
ɱȴΧĻ󱲲ûм٣ԽԽ
üͷ΢壬ΪֹѾʮöϹżҩָںЩҩԴƸؼǣϵĻָĵҩҲ࣡
㣬ϻʮöϹżĵҩЩҩ֮ǰпյʱģҲ֮ǰƳģһֱûôùϾǰٳֹ
屼ӿ⵹ЩңЩ廻壬ǿԨ壬ôǲֵܵסġ
ϧǣЩ嶼ǻ壡
ֽ׶ǿطǾ֮ˣͼƻƷ裬赲һо񹥻˺δײεĻ幥ƣ޷ͻЩͼƵı䵽ϡ
żиǿľմ͸˾֮ϣʴڣȴҲǱʮľ첻ʲôв
ЩǿĶδײεĻ壬δΪĻǿ֣߳һֵܲܵסʵ˵
ռ˺ܴƣѾһһǧͷˣʵϣжһսܷʤǺûеס
Ͼ֪ԷСоŶٻ󱲣
һ˵Сжûؾĺ󱲵ģڶԷųЩȻųԱ
Եһͷǿߣһ۾ŵľųСпǰŵĳԱˣǵ۾첻κӰ졣
ٲֵδףѾеǿߣҲࡣ
ûв´Ļ۾еĻǴﵽһͷģֲ֣һ󵨺ǿҲܶһ˸һŶԿ
ܹųһǧͷѾ۵ˣЩԸҪɱЩȴҲǼΪҪر
˵зһԾĵط
ʼΧ˵һǧͷ屻ɵ֮⣬ܹ˴һǧͷΧٴκɱ˺üͷδ׵СӳԻĹŲӰɵİͷ
ʣµһͷͨؾĻ󱲣ΧȻ޷ɾϵĳ˺ȴҲֹΧͻơ
Ĵһǧͷ󱲣ȫǵ۾εΪǲδΧΧʼһ
󣬽˰Χ룬񹥻ֻ򵥵ĵһǧͷ۾λϹҲ㹻ɱˣ
ǺݺѸģϾΧм䣬ûʱȥͷ
ݺʱʱһݣ֪ȺΪ˺ηˣԭ׼شа¸һЩҲҪɵ
鱨΢һ£ϾԷһǧͷ۾ڹ󣬾ʹŶԷСУôĻˣҪȻĻֱǲĻ󱲳ٶǸ죿
ʱöԷҲûʲôҪرġ
ŵǣһͷδ׵ĻǿСеĵ۾ţѾסͷδ׵ĻǿߣǼڷܶС׼˸ȥ
˵Ҫ顣
ô˱ŰҪȻ֪ŹƢͷʲô
ҳȥɣȳȥһʱ䡣
ʱ¸ص˵
û𣿡
Щ¸ģϾ¸費˾֮壬Ծ񹥻ĵֿǿƣһСĺܿڻ󱲵Χг¡
Ҹһͺˣһл忿͵Ϯܷ̾֡
ݺʱҲ˵ͷȻҪ¸һȥʱ䡣
ϾŮûʲôɱЧֶΣܹҲֻһʱˡ
ȱߣѻָĵҩһЩҡ
һ˼ȻŮ˵ô㣬¶޷ƾеȥɱеͷδ׻ǿˣԣŮлָĵҩһЩǼõġ
ŮԽһЩҩвϹżģ̫żģû̫ı
Ƕֻöҩ׼ؼʱԼãĶսõǿЩҩԿɱĻ壡
ţŮСȥ

¸ֱӴźݺóһ޾Ʒ似ֻŮ˲仯һĨǹ⣬һţһ̱Զ˵ߣ


1443 춨ʤ
ʧѾõԶ似һαʩչ˳
޾Ʒ似Ͳʲôƽɼ似˵Զʹõ似ղ񣬲ܹ˼Ļᡣ
¸Ѿ۷ĲΣȻΪһ似ȴҲ߱һЩ
źݺʩչŮһĨǹ⣬һ̱˵ߣͬʱüǳƳΧɢȥ
ЩǳƣֱӾͰЩС˵Ǵľ壬ҲһӲǳĽ׷ʧȥж
ţ¸ͺݺͶЩСûʲô취ˡ
סЩ֮󣬺ݺ¸ֱ𶼿ʼһЩֶȥԸҪЩСȫܿϧǣǲûʲô̫ЧֶȥЩ壡
ֻܲϽסˡ
¸ͺݺһۣӶԷпһĨΣȻԼȻ޷壬Ǵܣ˵Ůû취壬ٶʵ̫ˡ
һƬֶΣŮʩչ
֮£¸ͺݺҲһЩ񹥻ֶΣܹЩþУǿЩþռ֮Ҫܳʱѳ
ֻǣЩֶҲֻлþͿƵЧˣܽɱ
ǧͷؾǿߣΧɿ⣬Щ˻þУ޷԰Σʱڣû취ʲôвˡ
״˿
ȻǱûˣͿרӦǰ
ûİ취ֻܲۻĹŲӰûĹŲӰȥʩչɱٶȽЩ嶼ɱǺ޷ɱ
ɱ˶õĹ̵УҲõЩȻ࣬ʤޡ
ȫз裬ϲЩףЩĵ𽥹һƬǰ
ɱ˼
˼ֻ۳ɱúԶ
ӾʹϾͿԿóɱӦޡͻȪģֻõѾǿˡ
ϧƾͨƣҪ򵽾۵ʱɱˮƽ߰ƿĿֲʱڣҪǧѵˡ
˷ɱףԶͷδ׵Ļо˲ףȥǷǵܽɵᱻȫɵ
ȻˣαػһԿϷ
ȻǾͷĹ΢һЩҲûа취ˡ
ͷ壬κһͷӷ󹹽뿪֮ҪҪ½ʼҪһµʱ䣬ٲжĻСеĻҪɾˡ
ҲˣƾСЩû취ԸģҪСһ㾫ϣȻֵܹδµĻ徫񹥻
ǲ֣ɱһлŵĳԱ
ԣͨһ£ȳְɵΪ󻼣Ǿһ֣һֺ֣¿ʼʱһģǾ콫ֽ˵
οѾ˷ǵĶ˵ǺˣʵڲУԻвɵ뿪ˡ
ͷδ׵ĻǿߣȻͬһʱ䳯ϮӰΣٶȼ죡
װûз֣ʵȴһϲ
¶ԷһһĻԼҪԸǾͱüļѣȻҪһһǾͺðˣ꾵ʩչһΣܹһһԽ
ͷδ׾Ļǿߣת˲ԶСȫˣȻһľϮ˹
һǴէȻţͳΧǿľܹ˶ԭأܹ뿪ȴס
һ񹥻žǿľݻһ꣬ضܽݿĴݻٵûһ˿һĵֿ
񹥻ҲǼǿֶΣÿһֶӵвͬЧ֮־񹥻üѸͣûиһ׼ʱ䡣
׵ģͷǿͬʱΪľһ԰
ȴ֪ԸȻƵģǶδ׵ĲΣǿֶΣǳǵԤϡ
ͬʱϵʱԥȫ¾ۣ֮ͬһ澻꾵ȫΧ˾ӵУ
꾵֣պõֵס񹥻һӾͰ񹥻˻ȥʮķ
ʩչ꾵̱֮һö̫żҩĵ꾵һȻĻ̫ˣǲڶʱóڶεˡ
ͷδ׵Ļǿߣû뵽˿ֲֶΡ
־񹥻ֱֶӱʮÿһͷæҡô˵ϾӰΣû壬ûֺͽš
Щֶ֮ÿһͷδ׶üΪңȻʮǿȵľ񹥻Ҳпܱһ
Уͷݻٳδ׻壬ȫûһֿȻһϣȴ޷ֵסʮǿȵֱӱݻٴ
ݻٵĻ壬൱壬ֻڳһСؾɵСӡǣоСк
ͬӵСкʲôӵģҲûȥᡣ
ֻ֪б꾵ֱӴݻٵδ׻ǿߣֻͷѣʣͷһͷԼľ񹥻סˣ޷ѣһͷˣɵ壬ֱʧȥٰ˳ɵ
ܹͷ˵ѾǳˣЩԤϣԭоܹһͷ˾ͺˣھȻͷʣµҲʧȥս
ɱ
һ̧֣ԥ۳Ƶͷ˵ĻϣϢʴ侫У󣬺Ľ丯ʴ
ʣһͷ˵ԸˣҪԾ񹥻Ͻסȴû뵽꾵ʮǿȵľסԼ
£Ҳ޷ȥƶԷʴԷɱԷҲ¶ԷܣԷѾԼסˡ
ʼɨΧЩСǣʶ֮ЩС׸ûκζ־ϾǵľųѾȫɵ˰ֻʣһס
ʣЩСǣȻʼɢ


1444 ɨս
ɢӵĻСףûκԥֱ׷ȥɱɱһ
򣡡
ȡ˾򣬸л嶼ҪΧǧͷ壬סҲ޷ơ
ϾѾһδף޾ƷսǸϵ߲˫ģǿȣ߶δ׶Ҫһʱܹƣ˵ЩСˡ
ЩһȫҲֻʣʱˡ
ͷδ׵Ļǿ߳嶯һֱ۾ţҲֲļһκ壬壬ĸһδ׵ֵܵס֣
ֻ˵̫ǿǶԷ̫ˡ
һͷδ׻壬ԼľסûκѵĿܣƵĽСǸɵˣȻŻعͷɱǻδ׸ס
Χ֮£δľڱݻ٣Ȼ䱾ҲסϢʴ侫С
ǼʶͷͬɴĸɵһͷҲûʲô˼
ܿ죬ͷδ׻壬ȴĹƶ˵رǿƣȻȫסϢľ壬ҪɱȴҪһʱ䡣
ԭСҲûô°
ֻҪҲѽͷǿȫɵģֻϧһߴ͵ǵȫ̱̣ûκصء
ھҪʱ佫ʣͷɱҲֻʱ⣬Ϊǻ屻ƣѲˣϢʴʣµҲֻʣˡ
˵ҲǻһЩʱ䣬ȻһЩָĵҩˡ
һжѾĵ˺üʮöҩҲڶüöˣЩҩļֵ¾ʹﵽϰսŹѫֻǽϲ˵ģѾԶġ
¸ͺݺڶȻͶˡ
һ֮ԶԿͷδ׵Ļǿߣ⴫ȥû˻ţ⣬ҲΪ˾֮似Եʣ
ȥ֮ӦǧսŹѫİɡ
¸ЦҲǴͣøҲ㹻ˡ
ݺЦûϵģǻƽֺˣ̰ĵˣңǰһҺܶ඼ɵҲƽֵģȻԼˣûҪ˵Щ
˵Ҳԡ
¸˵ͷЦһ
ͷȥһۣӰԵЩңɼڵԿʣµͷδ׻ǿߣºܿܽԷɵˡ
Ȼоͷֻʱûκν
ΧЩСǣǱ¸ͺݺֿסȻոձȫɵûκһڣʱ˿̣¸ͺݺͿʼɨսˡ
ҲСģлвСкڻһֱǼΪģΪû壬ȴҪʵԴ紴֮еĴ֮
ڻ˵ȫûеĶմ֮ҲȫΪľǿȣҲģʽ֮ܲͬġ
ʱиķչɣ෱࣬ҲԵǿֶΣսʽҲͬ
ŮʼѼЩСкȾͰͷδ׻СкУʱûнСкȥ̽ϾڻûгΣգ˵һͷǿ߶Կʲôⷢأ˭Ҳ˵׼ġ
ŮѼСкܹѼٶСкҲ֪ܹõЩʲô
Źȥ˰ʱʱ䣬ɱһͷδ׻ǿ߸ĥˣǲף꾵ͷֱɱͷһͷĻⳡսǷǳġ
ֻϧͷǿʵ̫ùЩ
ԽһͷǿߵСкȻֱӱžԼǸŮϡ
ȣܵһ䣬Ҫòܸͷ󣬵õĻشٻúüʱ䣬ôʱ䣬ȥɵˡ
һ棬ЩСк̽һΣ
顣
ţȥˡ
ݺ˵ͷȽȥɣȿһͷδ׵ĻСкЩʲôܹͷֱӰͷɣҸ¸һһͺˡ
սƷķҲСìܵһҪԴ֮һȻ⡣
ΨͼˣʲôȻСӳԱͬˣ¸ҲʮֶǫãΪսƷںݺȻվһģ˶ʲôìܡ
⣬СкзʲôöͶԼġ
ЦЦһСкɣȽȥҵǳһٽȥ
СкҲǸ൱鷳飬ٶ˵϶ûôʱȥôСкģΨͷδ׵Скнȥһļֵ
սţһרŸСкְҵɢޣͼչһЩСкȻԼһ㶼ܻرûܴ׬׬һ
սڲҲһרŵĲȥСкеԴǷǳʱ飬Ըȥ˲࣬ȴҲкܶС
ϾÿһСкпһأ˵ܴҵʲôرֵǮĶһҹпܵġ
ȻûʲôԴߣһҲչСкȥ϶Ҫ·ӲУҪܴսŵչһЩСкɲ׵ġ
ڵõ˽ٸСкóȥҲһǧսŹѫˡ
Ѱı߻Скһļ۸ǧսŹѫһȻָλ׵λ׵СкǴףôնλǮһδһ򣬶δδ׾Դơ
ȻĶδף۸ͻᷭ
Ķδ׵Скϻ϶ʮսŹѫۣδʮδһ߶δ
Ͼһ˵߶δ׵СкУԴųսŹѫԴ䱻ɱʱ˶پû֪ˣÿߵΡ
ãСкУпֵܷһڵĺԴãСкжѾȫˣҲδ֪顣
Ск϶ѰҪöˣҪС
ԣǵõôСкҲһʾ޴ƸȥͿҸطȥȡһЩԴϾԼûôʱ䰤ҵġ


1445 ̫
Źȥʱ䣬¸ӵһСкгϴЩϲɫҵ˲ٺö
Σҵʲôöˣ
һֱ棬¸ѭʵ
ö쾧֮һöƷһöƷֵܼ߰أ׬ˡ
¸һЦЩĴ֮Լü壬мʲôҲӦĳЩ񹥻ֶεɡ
壬ǻ嵱ڼ¼Ĵڣ൱ߵ
屾û壬ƽʱҲϲһЩĶԼضҲþ۳һ̶ṹ壬㱻Ϊ塣
嵱УҲְ취¼ģ࣬ϾĽṹ˾Ͳ࣬ôĶ˭ȥЩӵľ壿
ڣҪ壬ҲҪרҵʿܸ㶨ˣǲģҲ֪˶
ô˵õ˸㶨ͷУɲȥͷͻȻʲôͲˡ
ȻҳˣȽȥһ°ɣСкҲģܻʱ䣬Ҳֻһ¶ѡ
¸˵
һεСкǱΪֵСкСкǿõģ۸ֻʮ֮һҲ˵δ׵Ск¸һ֮󣬴ŻսŹѫ
Ͼһ©һЩЩרСкļһкܶרҵļɣ֤ܹһСкмֵĶȫҳ
˵ͷű¸һ棬Ȼѡһδ׻Скпʼж
˵СкѾǵһˣһͷǿߵС磬еõһöһöռ侫ֵѾˣ⻹ֻǰСк
СкǽһȺȥҲ֪ʲôöûУϾʱͺݺ˾һ뿪ˡ
һν˵СкУһڴģָоڱһпܴСкеõһЩĶ
¸Скеõö쾧֮һöƷһöƷ߰սŹѫĶˡ
էһСк͸ܵһŨľΧԼǻСк㲻ǽҶģǽҪһ¾Ҳ൱õһط
ҪôطǼõģЧܹɣΪˣСкŻô
һãһ棬ʵ̫ˣһ˵ڶԸսϣѰ˶ܵģ彮ǱߣԸǸ壬ҲٻѻСк硣
Ϊ屾ģõ˻Ск֮󣬶Լյеľôóˣ
ϾͺټСк
塢塢֮ģǵСкУҲ̺һЩġĵӦԵҲܵõЧСкͱȽϳԼ۸ȻǱȲϻСкġ
ûκͣҪʲôֱѰҾˣ˾ƿصСкٶȣ϶ҪͨҪϲٵġ
ǣݺô¸
ѵǣݺǸСкУĶԽӶĳ֮һЩʱ䣬һЩ
пܵںݺСкʲôΣûʲôԵģΪСһСкеһоͻţԭСе飬ҲỺ
ҪôǣСкдʲô塣
ǣ˭ԼСвʲô壿
Ͼ˭֪ԼʲôʱЩһӦòô̬ɣ
ݺ϶ԼչԼģòȥģڻСкдУԼӳһξ֮⣬ʶ֪˼¡
УСкдУܿͼͷǿߵĵһ֮ͨˣһĴڣһɾɵһͼȫʲô״ͼڲϱ仯ŵġ
ԶԶһö֮ͨУûиܵʲôԴϢҡҡͷǰһ

СкǼΪ飬ΪʱһƬգ˭СкǼΪһƬռ䣬֮ͨռ߸С㣬Ƭա
ÿ˵СУһСĵطСе磬ǧڵ顣
СŵĵȻǻ飬Щ飬ûдﵽؾεģҲǵ۾ĲΣСȥ֮СʧȥɢܿЩ鶼Ϊݽ߶
ңͬϵ飬ûа취ƾ֮뿪Сģԣһؾǿȥ֮Се飬ҲԶˡ
ĽǸ⡣
Ͼʱľ۲ֻǱӡѡ
ЩûʲôãһСкͻ˴ʱ䣬ΪСкʵ̫ˣͷҪӽδ׵Ĳˣϧڣ꾵ֱӷ
һʧķСкоȻʲôûУ
Ҳ֪ѵòϸʲô˸Ҳֻõ˼ö֮һ壬ֵô
ʧ֮࣬ҲȥȥСкˡ
ֱ֮ӾͶԺݺʵСк˶ãҵЩʲô
ʱ䣬ҵ˺öء
¸˵ЩĽӡ
ݺһЦӻȡһ㿴ʲô
һʱһ⾹ȻһöǰĿռ侫ԼŵõİӰһöһЩһöľϵ̫
ǰģռ䡢Ӱĵԡ
ڣݺöȴ̺żǿľϵ̫֮Ȼһö̫˵̫ȻҪ󣬲ЧǿиǿӦԣ
öľϵ̫˭Զã뵽֮ͨУһЧЧʲôͲ˵ˣÿľϵ̫֮֮ͨʶ


1446 ͨ
öľϵ̫̲סɴ۾벻ݺȻܴСкеõĶһöڣپͼֵһڵսŹѫˣ
Ȼõһö̫ںϵͨȥʲôЧ
̲ס˵
룬ǲǸҪⶫһЩ
ݺЦ
Ҹով˵ˣ˭ѵĶ˭ģⶫѵģȻԼˣ̫˭ںϵĲ𣿡
˰֣ʾԼҪúݺȥںˡ
Ͼһǿǿݺ츳ԼʵҲҪڹؼʱܹܴæģݺΪۣǿԼ
ο˵ݺںö̫ʵ϶Ҫöࡣ
ΪؼİӰ֮;֮Ѿ˰ӰͿռ侫öľϵ̫ں֮ͨУЧһܺõġ
ݺߴ֮ͨδںϹѡǿõǸͨȥںϣǿʵɾͲֹһˡ
ҾԼˣʵҲû㣬ֻǸ㿴һ£Ľһ°ˡ
ݺһЦű㽫öľϵ̫
˻ûãھںһ£ԿʲôЧ
ȻѺݺĻˣܾĻӿ϶̫ģЩֻ˵˵ѡ
ݺ˵ͷȻͿʼȥںöľϵ̫ˡ
̫֮ǿľϵ̫֮ӴĲ࣬˵ǸйأϾҲǻСкѵĶйҲǺġ
ֻǲ֪ľϵ̫ںϵݺͨУʲôЧ
ݺصԼСУȻʼȥںľϵ̫ˣ¸ΧţȻڲ̫ʲôΣս٣ԷһǱģʱݺСӡ磬ûκαʱ̣˱С
ں̫ʱ仨Ѳ࣬ںϰӰһò˶ʱ䣬֮ͨͻᷢɱ䡣
ʱ󣬺ݺԼСгˣһΪ˷ܵ˵Ұľϵ̫ںϵѪɫ޵֮ͨУһпˣȻܶԾͬƻ
һ˲õϢ𾪵ˣܹԾͬƻ
Ҳ˵ڵĺݺڷô廷ŵ£ɾܽЩСǸɵˣ
ݺѪɫ޾õͨƻǳǿǰЩѪɫ޽ܹƻֵԾʲôв
ڣľϵ̫֮󣬺ݺѪɫޣܹͬʱƻֵ;
ǿԸˣѰսУҲܴܲЧһ£Щޱ޴ڶϣַס˺ȴסԾƻ
رǶԸ塢Լ˵ĻǿԷʽԸԨĴǿ壬͸ǰְִӣûκˡ
򵥵˵ݺͨѾˣ嵱Уܹƻ־ͨ似ֶζ࣬ںݺֶΣʵս뷭ı
㹻ԽһȥԸˡ
ǰδ׵ܹԸѰλδ׵Ķ֣ڣǶԸλ߶δףѾһս֮
٣߶δף͵ϮĻҲпܽԷֱӸɵˣȻϵĹƲһܹݻٶ֣ȷпһнֵľݻ٣
񱻻٣ҲʹĽ˵໥һģһپ٣һ
ò˵ݺͨѾˣ˵ǸϢϾҪõӰĻҪǰ彮һģֻһ˵ĻȽΣգڶ˸ݺӵֶͨΣŻĻִ˺ܶ࣬ٷ˸
Ȼڵʱ죬̫ͣܵ彮ȥ
ܹһǧȫΪֶЩСף߸ɴЩ۾εĴڣ彮ĻĻǿߣԻ߶δ׵ĲΣҲСһǧˣҪΧĻʮ嶼пܣͿ鶯󲻴ˡ
彮ҲֹƵкǿŴ彮ֵȷѪ꣬ճ˺üʮսţʮսʿΧˣڽɵ
룬ԼҪǴ彮ĻôҲôﵽĲβаɣ
ȻɲԼյĽڻ彮ԣںݺľϵ̫õһͨ˵ǸõϢ
Ҫⶫͺˣ֮ǰԸЩͲһ˶ˡ
ݺΪϧ
ˣ֪㣬ԺͿԲսˡ
Ѻݺڻ§һȻ˫ִЦ˵ʲôʱǲȥѪǺӿδȥ
ݺһôˣûϵҲ֪Ѫ峤ʲôһһ
ѧ˻ȥ£ܲڻȥɣ˵ʵҵ»أϾΪûҸߣȥ˿϶ӡ
ݺ
Ϊʲô
ٺһЦȴûô⣺ѧˣҿҲܵδˣʱѪЩļһûܸɵҵġ
ʲôʱôˣǰǺǫġ
ݺһӣ˺ȥ¸վһˡ
¸Цⳳӻ˼
ɵЩѾȥ˴ʱ䣬ʱҲø㶨ˣͷʧȥͷδ׻֮󣬾ûмˡ
ⷨȴȻ֮ǰĽṹûκαļ԰ȵоôʱ䡣
ҪѧԺ񻹵ƻ治ԸطͣôãϾڻǱȽҪսŹѫģʡʱҲʹܻøսŹѫ
оôʱ䣬Ҳú˰ɣ
˵ôţδȥѯҪòźãϾֶԼܵóһȷд𰸵ġ
ǲˣ˾ûдȥˣǵȴ˰⾫ͷоһ
ʣδ׵ĻСкȥѧԺˣֱǲõģҪ֪ոպݺŴѵһöľϵ̫˵СкҲأ
ͺݺһĻٶӦûģɲԼһֱôʲô̲
ֵ˴ʱǱڴһⷨƽˣԭˣԭˣ⴫;ķ󣬾ȻҪ
Ҳ˿ڿˣ


1447 
ڷ裬ȻһܹȵģȻ彮ʦȴҲǾܹŵϺŵ
ľͷֻо˰ʱͲ㶨ˣǽ˵ĻԼ֪Ҫء
ƻ󣬿ɲǽƾͿԵġ
˷ܵĻʱ˿Ҫˣţ˾Ͱƻͷķˡ
ǰͬλã⻹۳ĹŲӰҪλͬʱͷƻҪȻĻⷨ󻹾߱޸ܣҪ䳹ƻƾʵҪһʱ䡣
ǾͲܹȴˣڳȷʡ˲ʱ䡣
˵ģ˼ĹŲӰǰ˲ͬķ򣬿ʼƻͷָص㣬Ϊֻ֮طΪ
͸ͷǿйˡ
ָ£ܿͱƻֻ̧ԾϢһǷıĸطһƻѾʼ
ǰ󲻹ʱͷǿ˺üʱľͷ󣬾˳ƻ
Ҳ֪ʲôƻҪУⷨƻǼƻҲܼʵʩȥˡ
ƻ˷֮˿ѧԺˣѵʱͦЧʵģƽÿÿ˶һսŹѫĽˡ
Ҫһֱܣÿζͬһ˳ɵĻһʱܵһڵսŹѫˡ
һΣǻһЩ棬ǾǼٸСкһټֵһǧϣҸطȥ
ݺһ¸ûʲôľۼذɣطҲ֪Ķϣս
Ժݺ˵ҪѰ̽ΧݺóһЩ
ݺ˵ͷԼӳһ֮⣬ʼΧ̽
ȻصԼСУͷڿ˷أصС֮ȲĿʼԼȥͷ
Ȼⷨ˵ûʲôãһо̬ȣܶʱҲĹܹƵƷĹ
ķ󣬶˵Ǽټģ͵ķҲͻǱ߶һѣ廹彮ڣйؾķ󶼲
ܿ죬ݺʹ˺Ϣطս彮ڲ
⵹һȻ彮ڲл˴󵨵ﹹͷ󣿹ֲĽôߣΪһʧܵĻɵĺпܷǳء
һû󲿶ֱͨ⾫彮ڲǹҪʲôԶһϢ
彮ڣа취Ըˣٷ֮һǧ֮һһ룬⸽÷ǳϾ
룬ʵ飬ǿֵ߳Ļͷﹹʱ䣬ֻѧԺǿ⽫ڣѧԱ㶨顣
ѧԱ˵һҲǻһѹ
طȻ彮ڲҲǱȽƫƧĵλ彮彮򽻽紦һƫԶǺУطعϡ֮ԴûмֲһʼΪս
Ȼ̣ȥͺðˣҸطЩСк˵
ݺ̽ΧֶΣǵƿصʶ֪Ҫ֮УȻǼӳ˾֮⣬ʶ֪ΧҲΧԲһ֮ڣû̵ġ
ܹ֮̽彮ڲҵõһЩϢΪƬУһЩݺͨʶ֪ЩȻ֮Щܹ֪ЩϢЩԭ˭ģǴĶģƯˣȵȡ
޾֮У׾ͻһЩϡŹֵĶп괴֮Ĵ֮ٵսհ׵ȵȣһж֡
Щ棬ʹźܶϢܹ֮һݳ
ۼʮ֮⣬ǻһʱܵ
ݺͷʵǹȥ𣿻ֱӻصѧԺȥ
ǹȥɡ
һ˼˵
ڣǳʮľ룬ҲǺɾܹԽˣմԽԾһ˲Ƴȥǧľ룬ҲֻҪ˲ƸһٴξܵǸľۼˡ
úݺ¸趼ԼС磬Ȼеڲռ䣬СֱӳǸǰ
ںݺݵõ˺ܶ฽λϢҲҪ·
һ·Ŀĵطȥʱ󣬾Ѿ˺ݺݳۼظ
ȥ֮ҪεõĻСк֮⣬Ҫһ½гûܹսϳ̶ȵⵤҩûеĻԿûصϡ
ϾֻҪвϣܴȥԼƵҩֵɺˮ׼ѾԽ˾壬ؼõ˿ຣҩǿµĶ˵һһ
գ˲ǿϵʱΪķ֣Ȼ൱ƶ񤣬Զ֮ԴҲԵ൱·ѾҪʧȥһ㡣
ٵϣסŲߣЩ߶Ǻǿֻؾ磬кܶͨؾؾĴڡ
ǸƫԶ򰡣
ҡҡͷЩʧĵطҪۻСкгȥѰⵤҩϣȽãܹɵĿԲ
ط̫ˣɲţóһǧսŹѫЩСк
ȻȻѾˣȻúúùһ˵ܾôˣ˵ҵЩĶء
Ѻݺ¸Ů˳Ȼ˽ƶϣз˹ȥ;вٱߣŶȽع죬òӹȫӦطķϰˡ
Щ߼ڿзУԵöЩ;֣Щɻ󣬾طǰЩ߶Ҳͺһ°ɣ
¶ȫӷ϶еľô£
Ҳûж룬Ůֱ֮⣬ȻŽϾЩǽյģʵ˵ˣҪضԷϰ߲С


1448 ԨǺ
еĽֵϣӸо֡
ط֮ǰطһЩߴ֮⣬еҲܹ죬ûǰֳ֮Ķֻһӡ
ЩӣһֺɫɰϽɣ˵ȫ㲻ϼ̣оԼ־ܰжˡ
˵ߵľ˴ĵȷȷˣͺͨ˵סһ
ЩоסģǰͥΪλҲǰʲô֯ΪλԽײΪλʼǰģһЩȽϵͰУסŵĶЩؾıߣڽĳЩȽϿҩȵȡ
ŵһЩУͶסͨؾߣеĹƺ֮ǰЩؾҪһЩҲſ
оУ˵ϵıߣǺطȫɵģǱĳһΣҲȥѯЩˣЩ˶ԶԶܿƺҸǽһ
Щˡ
ֻһЩˣô
ô˵Ȼ˾ͺúùһ䣬طķ飬ƺҲһֶصľ
彮Ϊÿطķϰ߱ضһǺеľϳԱͶ̷ۣҲֻҪõ۵ˣѾǴǰľĲ䣬ֻǱеһЩϰߺͷ׶ѡ
˼ǰ˽Ҫ˽ף󶼲Щؾͨؾļһ
ûǰ߶Զܿһǰз˹ֱӳǷģԵΪǿƣһѹѹǿȴԵЩСơ
ԣԷȫѹƲסڵˡ
ǰģһŶʮ˵ı߶飬Ϊ׵һͷϹŰɫߣȫҲŰɫͬǰ֪еľһ㡣
ģӦߵ£һҲǳ졣
ʮУߵǿģҲֻλ׵ĲΣͷȴ·ѾȨƵˡ
ߴ˳֣һЩ߶¶˹ޱȵɫȻߵ൱һ㡣
˿ΪȻ˵ϻ֮һʲôѯһͿˡ
ǰʲôʲôУǴңԶĵطҪһЩ֪ûƽĵط
ǰȥֱӶѯ˵
˵ĻڰɫеĿ˫̧ۣȻ󻺻˵ͷɡԨǺΪƶ򣬱ԨǺӵǣΪԨǣȴѾˡ
˵ⷬʱƺЩΣתȥ˻֣ʾ˸Լȥ
ǿҲλ׵Ϊ¸ݺŮûʲô̫ľģǿ߶δס񾳽Ĵڶ㶨ģֵطûʲôúµġ
ǸԷеȥһ˵֪طô¡
ԭطԨǺӣԨǺ彮оԴΪƶ֮һˣԨǺжΪƶ򣬰Զ֮ԴѾӽݽߡ
֮Դ֪˶ˣݽѾԶ̺ŵģһΪݼġıԴϵ̫֮
ഫǰǧ֮ǰݼĻ¶âܹǿĿݼģΪ֮еǿʿԿС
ڣݼ֮Դеÿ궼ֻܹṩһ֮ԴݽߣҪֿݼĵ̶ҲǼΪѡ
ľתõĿݼľǿݽ״̬ģҲ޷ȫ򵽿ݼĵֻܹеɰˡ
Ԩϣڵĳһֻʮʮ֮⣬ԨѾûӰˣΪʵ뿪ȥطչԼ
˴ûʵ뿪ģֻΪ֮û뿪Ը
ܿ죬߾͸ҪСкӦûʲôܵˣΪսŹѫֶ˶ûС
Ϊ˻ȡЩСкеԼпֵܳĴ֮ȵԴԸһЩԴ˽ѡûпϵĶ
彮УԨǺӶ൱ϵһǺˣԨϣϵżЩżǴ˳ǧġ
ΪˣóʲôǱȽڴģǸݺ¸ŮһӰţиһнϢ
ԨϣƶޱȵɳĮΣżҲ޵ĴڣеĸһޣֻһЩѪͳȽϸ߹ߣһЩȽǿߣʸס޵С
˸ߣһ·ϰɳĮǿ޵ʱ˻Ϊ𾪵ģΪУźȻһ൱ľ鷨
޸ȫ鷨ۼ޵Уֲطôƶ񤡣
Ȼ²鷨طҲδʲôĴڣ鷨ֻǰΧΪۼްˣʵҲûж١
λУûھסЩ壬벻Ҫ⡣
߰˴֮󣬱˵ҴȥǳڵһЩԴλԿԸĻԶһһЩСкǣȻм
š
˵ͷԶԷóĶΪڴġ
ǴӹǱ߳ͷô޾Ʒ似ҲֻʷƾõĵطпõóԨϵȻ̫ܻʲô޾似ȴпЩԶŵĶ˵ʲôá
Ҿûʲô̫õĶҲһЩСкǣϾطʵ̫ƶˣͬΪ壬Щȥܰϻǰһºˣ˵ЩСкҲرĶ
彮ڣԴ٣ԨǺӾȻƶ񤣬ǳԤϡ
̤޵УеĽҪ֮ǰеĵҪһЩȽΧĻȽˬûô˷ꡣ
֪ǲǴôܸоطǱĳΣգ
¸̤֮󣬾ֲ̫õĸоȻط֮ǰеĻҪõö࣬һ£ΣղΣȴһ¡
ԷǴ̵ƺȷЩ̫Ծӣ
ôȵȵȿʲôΣգҲòź¡
۾ϿоڣһĳʲôΣգֱӽˣԷǿйĻ˵ԨǶҪ


1449 а
ԼƵ£˿ʲôԼΣգҲû̫£ҪĽҪеġ
˽뵽֮󣬱Ѱһ㲻ķݣԺе£ȴҵЩϵĶ
ܿ죬Լûߣǵ
ȥ̫Ծ
ݺȲЩԾĵطȻ뿪Ժӡ
¸Ҳ̸ϣҲ˲ףȥһȻֲԾΪʱΧȻһīɫϣ
īɫϣԵüΪˣոûеģȻǵǽ֮󣬲ųֵġ
ʲôҪֹ뿪ô
¸ü΢ڼԿ϶ͷйˣôƭ޵оʲôɸ˵Ŀģ
СһЩ
˵ȻԼĵƣһһʱǱҪСĽУҲһΣ̾ͶеģĻҲ̫ˡ
һضаĹϢĺײӳ
˺ܿ챻ǹаϢĺȥܿ쵽˺ԵܵӺвӳаϢüͷ
У϶ʲô
ңеĶ϶ͷйأͷΪʲôҪƭߣֻҪӦþ֪ˡ
ڣóȻɲǸõѡ
ޱԵīɫ֮⣬Ǻݺ¸裬޷֪ڣīɫӵʶ֪Ч
ңֵʱ̾һĹŲӰȥֻĹŲӰͨ뿪޷Χڣʩչ֮ƿϡ
ΪīɫϲǿռɣĳԪԵĹɣ֮޷ƿ
ԱƿȻǿԹķʽ۳ƾ˵޷䱩ƳɼǾǱյһ嵱ˡ
Ȥ֪Ǻеľʲô
δ£Щ棬ϾдаϢһͲģ˵ĳ壬彮ԨǺУȻ壬ɻ
ѵ˵ϵͷˣĳֽ׹ϵ
ͷӣյƬԻǻȽϺãʵȴһ壬϶ǸеĹаʲôɸ˵Ľܡ
źǹаϢԽԽŨܿ췢֣еĺˮīɫȻīɫĺˮȻֱӳſз
ЩǺˮһ壡
¸ȷƮһƬˮǺˮһ̬壬壬¶īɫĺˮЩˮת޷ʲô̬
ֻҪ֪ͺðˡ
ϢӦһͷ߶δ۷Ĵڣ¹˶ãܹ̤뵽ĲΣֻһˣ⵹Щȣ벻ƶϾȻ塣
ͷĵŵƶ
˵ͱƶ񤣬ͷҲֻǺģ
Ȼڵ֮ҪͷɵȻ߶δ۷壬ҲûмҪ֪Թˣ
Ȼƾͺݺ¸Ůû취ԸͷˣΨһİ취˳
ⲻѧԺѵʱ˳ҲǺ飬˵ս²ǺǿҪŮЭС
ʲô壿
һͼͷȫīɫˮסĹа壬üͷ˶ЩëȻĸо
Σգ
ָоӿֳ
ͬĸоҲ˶ˣΪ֮ƣȻƬޣҪȥֻаͷɵС
ǰס棬ǴӲػЭ
˵
ͷа壬īɫĺˮͬһһƮڿУûж֣ȱͷųīɫҺ壬·һ㳯
㿪
ԷЩīɫҺЧȻȥһȻԼСһ˲ƵУ˱ͷ廹Ҫߵĸ߿УΧǲīɫķϡ
ݺǸ¸һ¸ʩչ˲Ҳ˾Զĸ߿Уǳĵֱͷаϣͼжסֻϧ¸Ķδ׵ĲΣԷ̫ˣ޷ԶԷκӰ졣
ˣû뿪ԭأһ̧֣۳һ
ϣΧЩīɫҺʱ򣬳ױǻϸȫ޷䵽˵ϡ
ţûκԥֿ̧ʼڻڹʲô
ȥ𣿾Ȼʼ÷˵Ҫȥס壿
ݺһƣ¸衢˼ûսͷ߶δ۷а壬ûκʤ㣬סҲǷǳѵ顣
Ȼ˿ʼ÷ˣôΨһľǽͷסˡ
ľ
״ԥ̧֣ųȻͷδײεĺڰӿ
ԼȥͷԿҪȻôĶ֪ӵħ֮طҲȥһͷ壬Ҫ֪ͷʵ̫ˣʲôֶҲ˵
ˣûм塣
ڣԵīɫĶûнӴͷ壬ܿǴӼңԶĵطȻǿƣǽ׵ϵ˸ǿ߹
ͷЩʲôû֪ҲΪ˶ûм˵塣
īɫˮȫ֮µ̬Ӧһöģֻڻ徿ж̬ʲôӵģϾһжīɫˮסˣ˶͸Ǻˮ֮Щʲô
ͷδ׵ĺڰзɴܳЯʾͷڵĵطʩչ˹ֶΡ
ͷڰǰǻ壬ʱ˿̣ʾıһģ̬˲ͷ渲ŵīɫˮϣ
ֲȻȻֻǽīɫˮ俪һЩܿ죬㶸ȻһƬīɫˮӿһͷڰﳹУ
īɫˮסĺڰܹо䱻ѸٸʴδײεĺڰȫֵסЩˮʴ


1450 ״̬
ںڰﱻīɫˮʴͬʱڰӵеƺǱͷаˣĲ²õӡ֤
ӦͷȻר˴ߡ
ϣͷͷ֮䣬ǽ׵ĹϵҪȻĻҲ̫ĺˣ
ţǱƵĻǻпԭϾ߶δ۷壬ȷͷԵֿģǴڽ׵Ļˡ
ͬΪ壬ȻΪɣ
ôڱ뽫ͷаסȻȡʱ乹ҪķֻҪһɣӦþܳͷˡ
ⷽĻеģûģҲֻȥˡ
ʵڲУоԶãɱﵡ
ڰϣ
ָӽͷڰͷа巢ƣʾĲɹаڴȥȴ޷ƿǲīɫĺˮ
ʵϣѾԿ϶ǲīɫĲǺˮͷʩչķֶΣҪƣʵûʲôܣƾһûʲôܡ
ҲʱݺĹһԽ٣ѪɫЯѪɫĵӰͷаϣ
ڵѪɫޣܶʵƻܹ棬˳Ļ˵ܽͷľƻһ֣Ҳ˵ǺܴĴ
Ͼ߶δ۷Ĵڣ侫ǿȾûпǿҲǱѰҪǿ࣬Ҫ侫ƻҲһ׵顣
ݺһγ֣ͷаԤһЩѪɫ޽аϣǶԾ˺˲ͷʹ˻һһͷʲô࣬ȴҪ˻ӼɳһЩ
Ȼܵʹ࣬Ҳʹž񹥻ͷЧ
һݺֱӾͷעȫīɫˮ·ڷҪźݺڴɱӡ
ʱҲûţɱһζã
ȻǾ񹥻ãôɱȻЧķӰиֳ˲佫ͷа嶼Ϣڲʴȥ
һӣȻܵīɫˮڲȻûʲôڣһͷ壬ƺһīɫˮһϢʴ˼ĵطȻֻīɫˮʷûκʵĴڡ
һݣͷ壬ôôŹأ
˵ЩīɫˮĻ˵ͷûй̬
̬壬Щ֣ҲǲܣҺ̬ҲǺпܴڵģֻҪû̬Ĵ⾫壬ͲѽǰͷҺ̬ˡ
ʲôǺϾɱ۵Ҳ޷ʴīɫˮǷҲȷ
ֻ֪ɱʩչͷǱëˡ
ܵݺ˫ؾĴͷƺü䱩꣬˻ƵļϴЩīɫˮ㳯Χ󲿷ֶͺݺ˵ķ

Ӧٶȼ죬ֱӿʼдѸ·˸
¸Ҳʩչ似˺ݺҲ˸ǲϸ
ǣȥҪǷ󹹽ϵĻȫ군
˼״ʱܻĳˣŮϳȥҪ֪˶ڵĻͷע϶תƵ
ƲƲ죬ֻǶһ¾ô꣬ͷǰ
֮УҲ±ԷɵϾЩֶεġ
Ӱ֮飡
ֱӴ߶Ӱ֮ͨȻޣֱӳŻ֮ⱼȥ
īɫˮ̼޿ռ֮⣬ȴ޷޿ռƣǴ͸޿ռ䣬޷ֺ޵ֵܹκιƣиɻķֶΡ
εǿߣĳЩĶ֣пܰ޿ռд
Ҳֻʱ˴޿ռдʱֻҪޣϾͲʲôΣˡ
رڣӰ֮ͨѾں˰Ӱɱ䣬ĵɰӰṩ󲿷֣
Ҳ˵뻯޶þ޶ãǰÿһʱ䶼÷òĵҩˡ
뿪˵ĻϱֱӳһµīɫˮУо˳һӳȫʧȥӰϢ
ͷа壬ȴҲû޲ߣֱӾͿʼ֮λã
Ͼ߶δ۷Ĵڣ֮ȺݺĶҪǿö࣬оһ֮ԼϣԼޣԼٶԷָƵţ
Էݵٶʵ̫ˣûκηӦʱ䡣
֮٣ٱ¶Է۳һīɫⲨȻۿžҪͷϣ
Ȼȴûлţ򶨵ͣԭأʱ׼жȻܿ죬ȴīɫⲨ͸ڵ޿ռ䣬ֱ·޵ϡ
Ȼˣ
һϲ
ڴڻ޵״̬ǶԷݳλڣΣ
ֻҪ޿ռ飬κι䵽ͷϣڵǴ޵״̬ԷֱӾʹ˵ϣ
Ҫ޿ռ䣬ҪľʹǿռԵйˡ
Ҳ֪ⷽ棬ͷаǷգ
ô˵˻޵һص㣬ǾǱԷݳλãҲҪκεǶԷ˵ԼԷҪȽ޿ռС
µİȫ˸һıϡ
˵ڵȫǰͷƣΪڵ״̬ûκײҲҪЩīɫˮ˺Լ
ȴδóȻжǽΧжΪ¶ԷӵĳǿĿռĹֶΣһ޿ռǿɾ군ˡ
ΪŵģһжС¡
аȻҲû뵽ӵֶΣʵЩģһʼаϵīɫڵλú
任˺üֶֹΣīɫԪ۶ɵģȴȫ޷˺޵
쳣ջ
·¸ͺݺУǷһųпտĵطϷųƣҺҪһ
ֶҲ̫˰ɡ
¸̲סɴ۾


1451 Ч
ϾӵеֶΣӰ֮֮󣬻صõġ
ܿ죬ͷаҲֶεͻƿڣҪÿռĵĹܹ޿ռ飬Ӷϡ
ҪȻĻ״̬µ͵޵еģҪ˵ˣǿڴˣҲκβֺģԿռģˮϵ̫֮ڵ޿ռС
ˮϵ̫֮ǿռģÿһ߶ҪģҪȻĻôнǳ㣬ͷаܴӲ֪Զĵط彮䱾ȻҲ˺ǿĿռĵġ
а巢֣ԼЩͨûЧʱڷһҪռĵĹֶβУǱԼͨУһЩռĵ
ЩīɫˮģһлſռģڵĵطϮ
״̳ű϶ȥȻǻ޵״̬״̬ҲǿԴ߶޿ռŲģȻٶûô죬ԷЩīɫĵ⻹ûʲôġ
¸ͺݺ·ϷˣǼϹͷ߶δײεа壬һʱ侹Ȼһ˸סˡ
ʵϣͷаҲûôϾ̫ͣȻܻޣҪԸаȴǸܵ顣
аȴǲаƺϾˣɵĲݵӡ
͸˸ʱȥ÷ֻҪǷóɹȻܹⳡսȡþԵͻƣǲܰͷһԸɵҲΪǴܴơ
ڳвߣŶԷīɫЯſռĵ⣬ܿ㱻ȵһС
˷ʼȫīɫƶȻǻ޵״̬Щ̺ռһĻܿ޿ռ飬ʱɾʹ״̬˳ǡ
ΣܾԴС
һīɫռ䵶ٵķȻһЯ޿ռ䳯ǷǰУ˲ײ˺üīɫϣ
Ȼīɫ⣬ûа취޿ռ飬ֻ޿ռôһЩҪ޿ռ䣬ҪīɫܹԸˡ
òӳЩīɫİΧȦͷа̱۳īɫ⣬ΧһҪȻϰݵӡ
൱ѹΧīɫԽԽ࣬ҪΧȦҲԽԽѣ޿ռ䶼᧿Σ
Ҫ޿ռ䱻飬ô˽״̬ŻᷢʲôͿ֪ˡ
˻޺Ͷ֮⣬ûκΰ취߶δǿߵĹƣ
οͷа߶δ׾ǿߵУۺʵǶģ͸ûпԿˡ
ڣʱ˵㼴ˣ
ټһ£
ȻޣҲܸܵ·ԽԽǿȻҲͷаܵ
һȺУҪעˣϾǸ߶δ׵ĴڣͷаһʼֻǾȺȫֻвͶѣûô˳
ڿƺСȫֻܣ߶δ׵ͷӶав
аҪȶԸ˭ˡ
ԭ쳯۹ȥīɫ⣬˲תĿ꣬·ڵĵط£īɫˮ֮ͬٲΧĻȥ
ԭͷаûȫΧĻϣûܹ飬ڣīɫˮŵ⣬϶Χ֣侪ˣ
īɫĹܿǲϣǲϵĻԿȻûᣬ۳ĻϣǿҲǼߵģô׾ͱˡ
֮򣬸Ҳƣ
ʱÿգۿа徹ȻԼˣ״ָ̬Ȼͷаʩչ˵ڰ֮ͨ
һͨĵڰͨǾɵ˲дľĽС۳һͨһֱûôá
ֻ֪ܹ֮ͨЧʲߣһֱûôú͹ע
ڣþ֮򣬷֮ĲƹȻܹǣƵͷажھ֮Ӱ£аʩչֶͨεٶȶһֻʱһٶȡ
Ԥϣ֮ǰֻþ֮ԸǺǿ壬ЧҲȴ벻Ը߶δ۷壬Ч
֮ĲЧΪֵʵ̫ǿ̫Ч죡
Դ˼Ϊϲ˵֮򣬾ܹڼ߶˵սзӳˣǿ߶ԾУһ֮ƹ۳ڶϣֱʹٶȼ룬Чֱ졣
ʱ˿̣֮Ӱ쵽а壬ҪѾ֮ƻͬڶһĲɢųƹ壬Ʈڰ֮Уסаж
һΧĻϣܵѹֱӾͽһ룬¸ͺݺ˿
Ů̧ͷţ־Ȼǣͷ߶δ۷а壬ЩŮԼߣսУΪʲôԼͰﲻʲô̫æأ
ѵΪʵ̫ǿˣ
ݺûж룬Ҳ﴿ĿϷ治Ҫȥʲôæԣ˶һʱѾ൱ˡ
¸ҲˣûгȥаԿ뷨ϾӵôǿıֶΣ޵£ûκ˵ıܱȵġ
֣֮аĹһʱ䣬Ȼ˵Ҫˡ
а嵱Ȼܶľ֮򣬵ҪʱתԸô·ķ޷ֹˣûκԥīɫ𣬾֮ͬһȫ˸Ȼ֮Ĳƹȫˣ
Ȼܹ֮ܿƼ٣һ̣īɫĺˮͷа屾Ҳ·ȥһҪȫֹ˰ˡ
ڣѾɣɢϢѾͷаܵв
£аȥˡ
ƻ󣬲Ҫģ
ҪȻĻаɵˣԼҲǱضУѡаôģζԱסΪǰᡣ


1452 ͷ
аֱӳڵĻϲϷƣīɫˮ˻ϣһǻڿʼɶһʼɶͽһ߽״̬У޷赲
¸ͺݺŮ״԰æʩչֶΣѪɫĺǳĵ׷׹˺üϣֵǲ·
ϸոѣѪɫĺǳɵϱ㱻Ƭīɫˮÿһ϶޷ֳһʱ䡣
ΪͷаĹʵڲŮܹܵķΧڡ
ô˵ŮϣҲֵһʱ䣬ô̶ʱڣеķ㳹ɡ
ͷ󣬷
˴ʱ˫Ŀ֮רעɣȫ·𶼱գע뵽ǰȥ
ţһͷⷨ˳ſ죬һڽôµīɫˮȥűĵЩīɫˮȫˡ
ͬʱһ޷赲ƣͷɢ˲ͷаڵķ
ոΪֹɣͷа屾Ҳ·һ㣬ڸպǾ˻·ϣͷֱû
һ̣īɫа峹׻һ
ڸ߿УΪ˱֤ȫֻһλޣʱп񱩵ĻĺīɫԪĴƮȴ޷˺ûл޵ĻЩɽܽ˳״ݻˡ
ޱܿ˫ļս·˷֮ٴ̧۳һϣڱ˱аս
¹ƾͷҲԽͷɱȴҲܽشˣȥֶܹξ;ʩչһ䳹𣡡
һ˵꣬һ߷һö̫żҩڻָ
ȻһοʼۻУ۵ĻȻǱԴĻģǴ֮ԴֱȫȻȲʾģʩչҲǷǳġ
ңıԴȻ֮࣬ʱ˿ֻȫںһ𣬹һָǿںģ
ȱԴҪǿö࣬ʾģҪ˲ٵġ
Ѱ˵ںѾӵеǿˣǿˣֻѵֻںϽȥҲҪѲ֪õʱܹɡ
ϾͬȻͬһԵģ໥ҲǻЩų⣬ںһǷǳѵ顣
ںͬԵѾѰܹļˣǵһ屶֮࣬ʾҲܹﵽʾĵһҡ
һЩں¾ܹﵽʾĲĲΣϧһ˸õ
ڣҪںһ𣬱ѰʾȥѶȸ
ʱ˿̣ںֻűͷųԼͨһĹб˲գͷаϣ
ʱͷа廹ڸͷ۵ͷս䲻ôһ£īɫˮһαһС룬ʵƺܵ˲СѪ
˵ͨǻĹֻһԵĹͷȴȻ
ⷨͷ֮󣬱ֱɢ˿ȥȻǲ۳ڶͷһͷȴĻӵԼսʶԼսʽһͷٻ
УͷʵԱԼҪǿǿ˲٣Ҳֻ˵Ĵڣܹȥ߶δ۷аԿ
˫ڰвкսΪҡ
޶δһֱͷڹ꣬ǲǵ۳һĹŲӰȻûĹŲӰͷаʩչɱֶΡ
ɱܹԾɱĹ۵ĻĹŲӰֻҪʩչһɱɢֻ۳ʮҲܹаľɲСĳ
·ݺҲûκεи˵Ĺ϶۳һѪɫޣаϣϸľʩѹ
ڸ治Ͻ£ͷаڽڰˣھ񹥻ɧ£ͷѹƲס
𽥵ģͷϻԽԽʢһЩֲĻУͷаΧīɫˮĶֽȥ׷մ
а壬ƺԽԽСŵīɫı
ɳƵ˻ϴадȻЩмܲסˣʲôɱеĻڲҲöóˣҪȻĻⶫҲֻˣϾȥֻ·һ
ôʱа嶸Ȼ·зȥһҪˣ
Ϊʲô·ܣӦǺдһЩʲô壬׷ȥԸͷа壬϶嵱Уͺܷܿǳ
ۿͷаҪ˰˰֣׷ˣȻǾѰ·СӣҼǵʩչһ־Ǿʩչɣ⸽һƬռȫס
á
Ҳ룬УȻ˲ɢͳΧǲīɫ֮ڡ
ȻͷаǿҲԿ϶ԷҪӳΧĻҪһʱܻģԼģҲΡ
Ͼ޾ƷսһǸϵ˫εսʩչ񾳽ǿ߶ܹסƬˡ
ͷ۳ͷǸͷаֱӴīɫˮУһ˲ͷűܵһаϢӺɢеĻ𽥱ѹסˣɼ֮еȷǴһЩ֮塣
ǸŴ϶ֻ·һ
˼Ȼ˲Ҫ׷ɱǿ϶Լİ취
ˡ
ЦһҲ֪ʲô壬ȻǱ彮ϵЩҲ֪ô£Ƚͷ壬Ҫúõһ
˵Ǽʹ޵ģԼ޶ԡ
ͷа㵽˺УҪǽϧǲϵ
ԾΧռ䣬Ȼ˾ֱںϿʼ˵־
֮ǰͷ˵ϽɧţͷаȻ˺УڣںϲɱͷаҪĶӣ
ͺݺ¸Ůǿ΢ϢƬˣӻȥӦҪϢһӲôٳ


1453 ɱ
ͺݺ¸˶ں΢Ϣͬʱûзɾ裬ʱͷаĳ֡
ˣںϿʼ÷֮ǰͷ󣬲ɱ󣬾ŻԭһܹΧڵһжΪҽ
ڣ˲÷ķΧΧһܽմ
˱ļΪϣѾﵽ˵ʮ۷ϳ̶ȣյķҲԻ߶һܷӳ
ͷа屻ͷٻĻסһʱȻǻصԼϳУͷٻ۵ͷܼսƬ̡
ͺݺ˶ͷаʩչĴݻپֶΣͷаһʱ֮޷սܳҲ˵Ķ֡
ԣǻȶʱʲôΣճ֣ǳͷа֮Σ١
ǿҲͷаˣͷʲôףҲвǣϾϵʵ̫Сˡ
õ𽥳ͣںΧϴߵ¶úеīɫˮʼðݷ
⻹ֻǿʼ
ŻԭоŸ۶ɵۣÿһ۶ͷų޾ĻԾǿĻĽΧڵһжմΪҽ
ʱţŻԭѾֳƬ޷Χڣ¶ȻϾѾüߣīɫеĺˮѳ׷ڣеĿжѾЩռŤĺۼ
ںײͷа嵱Ȼ֪ȴҲûȫָҳ
ֹһӣͷаܲסӹ̵ĺˮзȻǱīɫˮţȫ֪䱾ʲô̬ġ
ԿóͷаһҪʼƻŻԭ󣬲ʱȴѾƾ跨ͷа忪ʼ
аҪƻŻԭһۣ˶ɵĽ÷ںͷаˣʹ޷֡
ǣƴҪܵ˵ĿԣҲҪƻڻͷͷаҲƸۡ
ȵŻԭƣԷҪƻĿԾ͸ã
ͺݺ¸趼ڿϷˡ
벻طȻǱа壬һҪϵЩߣͷ徿ʲôϵ
ԴΪƣҪ֪ô˵彮û뵽顣
ҪڵĻǴ˷ǶþҪȻ׶༪ˣǶþҲһܽͷаɵϾ߶δ۷ˣһᳯžĻᱬҲ˲ͷ塣
ʵܻ׽ͷõģûȥѧԺҲܵõཱܶϧûл׽ͷʵǽɱǽǰ֮֡
¸ЩϧҡҡͷȻһͷδ֪塢˵ζʲô
ȻΧҪˣ塢塢ԨЩȴǹ㷺ĴУֻǾ彮ȽңԶˡ
˭Ҳܱ֤պ岻島ϹϵϵǵжԵĹϵ
ڸ塢˵壬֮е֮⣬˸Ͳ֪εĶ֪ѶϢ
ҲѧԺеѧԱԼ֪ڸˣȴҲǾһ塣
˺ͷаĶԿܿͽ˰Ȼ׶ΣȻͷҪѷƻͬʱ˸ɵֻϧֶҲǲ
ͷа֮ǰ֮ܵ涼ͷˣ˵žŻԭЭˮûκơ
ͷ壬ȴԽԽˣ徫ƺԽԽήңϾƣɲô׻ģͺݺ˵ֹƣͷľܵ˲˺
һʱ
ʱ
˫ĲͲԽԽңϾԽǵ棬ͷаԽǾпܽʱƴûʲôôˡ
ʱʱ䣬Żԭڳ׹ɣ
Ÿ۶ɵķۣһ˲䱬ֲڵƬռ䶼ֲ¶˲ڣԶս˶оһ¶ȼߵˣ
ˣȫմˣǷмεĶˣʱ˿̣ѳھŻԭ֮⣬ͷа壬ȴǱ˺УŻԭ󳹵֡
аĹӺвϴȴ޷ͷͨҽʹࡣ
ѶԸǰδֹ˵Ʒ֡
˵ԣҡҡͷ̾˿ϧֻܽɱܽ׽ҪȻĻоֵرߵġ
ֻʣʬ壬Ҳһоֵġ
¸˵
ϧھŻԭ£һжữɻҽʬ嶼ܴڣ޷֪ͷıʲô
ȴϧҡҡͷ
Щˡ
ǸͷԸô죬ͷȻͷ峤ʲô޷֪Ҳ̫ϧЩͷǰǱīɫˮģǻû취ͷĿ
Żԭİһж˻ҽҲûκΰ취Ҳǲܰͷ׽ģɱֻɱˡ

֪ǣʱ˿̣֮⣬һȺѾ಻סˡ
һȺ˱˽޵ˣһȺ˶ǹŰڲߴ죬֮ȴʲô
ǰģȫһīɫϣ֮ڵзʲô飬һ֪
ȻȺרŰյԭģô£ֻеǳ֮󣬱һЩһܹ֪ˡ
⣬ͷ徿ʲôҲֻܴЩϲܹ֪
ڣһȺϵ飬ڹ֮еķֻϧǲ֪ͷ羴а壬ǳѾҪ˵˸ɵˡ
Щˣ֪˵ĴڣǸоƾ¸衢ݺˣܴѡ
ȻʵضǵԤϡ
ȻΪ׵ͷҲѾƺЩԾĵطϾҪƽʱͽ˲ŶԣīɫȻš
ѵгʲôⲻɣ
Ȼ뵽֮


1454 
޵УʱţӺдҽԽԽСվǳʧˡ
ǰģȻǱŻԭ׷մһƬռ䣬ǺͺΧɳ棬ȫʧֻһƬտ֮
ҷչƬռжŽڵζеһаͷѾȫˡ
˿ͬʱҲЩź޷֪ͷȷ̬ˣʲôѾʧˣ޷֤һͷ塣
ĽҲǲˣҪ˽ľϵǵôˣ
ȻԨǺƶҲӦһŶԡ
ˣƿϰɣȥһЩߡ
˶˵ţȳűԵǲīɫϷȥȻ̧ۻĵдݻϣȻܹ֮ƻģֻܰæˡ
ҪȻĻ˲ߵ顭
ܿ죬ǲīɫϱ˵Ĺ±һȱڣȻûֱӷɳȥǻصԣջصСȥ
ȥ̫ʺϳ֣ϾҪסȺߣǾѾ㹻ˡ
ͷаѾ׸ɵˣҪٰæƾ㹻Ӧȥˣ˲ֵĻԵøء
Ͼǲһδ׵Ķδ׵Ϊȴܹͷ߶δ۷аɵȻܹסͷȺߵġ
Ȼڲ֪֮⣬Ⱥڵȴ޹ؽҪЩ߲ڣҲҪȥ֮ǰȥ˵ġ
źݺ¸Ůǲīɫ֮дȻ̾ͷڱε֮⣬ȻһȺ˵ıڵȴ
ЩȫŰɫ֮ͬǰǰ죬ÿϾȻŹ顣
ۿžȻ˴з˳Щϵȫ˴㵣ȻǴûһﾹȻܴӳ
ۿЩ˵Ĵ飬ɫҲЩŭ
ȻЩǹյ׼ǽףĿıǱͷаɱںξͿˣǱͷаɵ
ʵǿᣬ֪飬Ⱥ˲ǵһˣҲ˵֮ǰ϶ߴԶȴȺ˸ˣͷаɵˡ
֪ĵжôķŭȺˣɶ߰Ȼȥһͷ壬ԸԼͬ
ˣɳ֮ʹȺеüΪߴͿֲ
Ϊܹзɳʹͷа϶ѾɵˣҲ˵˵ʵǿᣬôɵͷа壬ļһȺܹԸġ
Σ˷Լƭ϶Ǽŭģ˵Щȫɱ
ȥ²Щ˵ģĻЩ˽ȥ϶ϹϾĽһô£˵ԭ²Ŷԡ
ǺܿԼˡ
˴ʱȺеľȺܿݱ˷ȻȺҲ˲֮Ϊ࣬ȻֱӾͷ˹ƣ
Ҫ֪ȺǿҲͷҲǸС׶ѣһδ׶ûдﵽ˸Ļֻе۾ΣϰȴԥģͷĴͷ³˷˹
֮򣡡
״ɫһһֱ̧֣֮ʩչһöڰյУȻڲӳϰȫڣ
֮ĽЧ൱µģܹͷаӰ죬ɴ˿ɼ̶ȣԸϰСıߣͲκ⡣
һ֣㽫ϰȫƽԭκ˶޷
ԿЩÿһжżȵ飬ƺ˶Ƕɱһ㣬ֻ뵽һֿԣǾǾƣ
ǾƣͱⲢǱߺͷаĽף嶼ѾˣЩôڱţѵ˵ϣ廹ֹһͷ
²֮˲͸оɽˣϾаֻһͷѾѶԸˣ˵ǿܹɱ
廹ֹһͷĻǾͱбͷǿĴڣҪ֪ǰЩ߿ɶǱոͷƵġ
ܹЩߵģضǱȸոͷǿĴڣ
ԵЩˣϱ鶼Ȼþ֮ͨסǰЩߣеĿܴǿʳЩʲô
Ҫ֪ô£ǵԼеУȻ˵аĻһʱǷԷɵ
ϾѾɵһͷô˵ԷһЩԣƲУʵͷпиۼһ
ô˵ǽȥҪжĻΣԶǷǳġ
Ͼͺݺ¸Ůʵ㲻Ƕ⣬ȻѧԺȴȻֻǳɳеѧԺѧԱ
ǵǿϱѧԺ֪ǲһЩԮ
ʱ¸迪һ飬ͷ˵Ͼδ֪Ǳ彮ǲģһ֣ȻǼ¼˵ЩаʵǿᣬǸ㲻ĻϱѧԺǻԮҲܻһǵѹҰȫ㶨֮ǻܵõѧԺļν
ţǾ֪ͨѧԺɡ
ԣ۾˵ͷ
Ȼߵδ֪ǱûбսŻѧԺ֣֮֯߱൱ǿԣֻǷߵѧԺܵõν
ϱ֮󻹸ԮһжĻһõĶǳֻѰѧԺѧԱǿģϾҪ˹ĴУǱ彮еδ֪壬ô׵£
ǲ֪ߵϱѧԺ֮ѧԺǲʲô˹Ԯ
أӦҲѧԺѧԱɣǲ֪˭ҲΪЩѧԱѡ֮һЩѧԱѡԮĻܿûô찡
ôȶҪȻµȲԮȱЩ巢ָɵˡ
ȫֵ֪ЩжʵΣܾ֮ܶ¶ڶԷҰˣ
ߣ
ŮԼСУȻ˾֮ȡ˶ȺߵĿƣԼֱӾͻޣӰгʧˣ


1455 ѧԺԮ
֮ǰԼߵĺۼȫĨˡ
ҪĨԼĺۼǺܼ򵥵ģҪѪʥͼ޾Ʒսܹ߶ѪʥͼԼĺۼȫ
һ˾ûа취ͨݵİ취ҵڵλˡ
ȻոյսǳңǴ߶ѪʥͼҲһʱܰкۼġ
ԣǻһ򣬺ͷЩ߸ֲҲ޷ֹɨսˡ
˺ͺݺ¸˴ڵϢۼ޷䳹
ģΪֻҪԼС磬ҲǾУ˾;Բݳǵλ
Ϊûκܹȥ̽⵽ھеκζ
٣֪УﵽεĴڣԲܽʲô͸ģõĺݺ˵Ϣ¶Լλá
㶨֮ޣȻЩңʱ䲢ûа⸽ҪȻĻҪܶ鷳
ո¸ѾߵϱѧԺˣֻҪȻȴѧԺԮͿˡ


Ѿ޵״̬£ΧһȦȻϣȻ֮ǰͷаڴϢ
ȻЩаصķǳѾа壬ԺܶƬ޺ƵαװѾ޷ƭĸ֪
ϣ޾ʹʮʮ޵УǴаġ
οпܴĵطҲи࣡
ֵǣ˲·ɱͷаȥ˺óһʱ䣬һֱûмʲôа֡
ͷ·ͷа屻ɱ֮а岢֪һ˵а嶼ڰ׷Ѱɱͷаĵˣû¶档
Ǹпܵġ
ֻһа壬ǾԲŵģҪȻĻЩҲڵһͷа֮Ȼĳ־ơ
ô˵ѧԺԮ˾ͺá
ʱȥ֮ڽյһԶյеѶϢ
ѧԺҪԨǺӵϣҪ൱ʱģҪǲԮĻֻܸ֮ǰһ֮󣬴͹
ѧԺĸ߲㣬ŵĸĿռ꣬Ҳ϶ֻ˳ֵĵطҪһʱǵطɵԨǺӵ
ڣѧԺǿʵǷɹٶҲǷǳġ
յϢǣһ鱻ǲԮͷӣܵǰϵ
ϾѧԺ˲ֻǵǲһ˹ֻҪ㹻ˡ
ˣѧԺѧԱ֮һ˪ϵĳԱ
Ͼ¸⼸˪ϵѧԱֵߵ쳣ԽȥһҲֱӽ˪ϵѧԱɣڴѡ
ˣӰӥ
õϢʱ˳͵֪Ԯ˵Ϣ˶߶δ׵硣
ѧԺѧԱ֪Ӱӥ˵ʵʵ϶Ҫ˵ģ˽еĻֻҪεĴڣûʲôˡ
˺ܿʹԶǿУɵ֮ϡ
ʱҲ˻޵״̬ӰӥˣʮѧԱƤЩɫ
еĳͬ嵱зֳ˺ܶ಻ͬ壬嵱УҲշɫֳ˲ٽޡ
ӰӥƤǳǳɫ嵱бȽټһ֣һֻһǺг֡
ֺٻ뿪ڵǺӣȫΪֵˣȫӵĳĴڣǸ嶼ദһġ
Ϊ彮УҪ彮ıӻֿҪŻĽϵˡ
ǰûֵӴȴҲֱ֪ΪӰϡһһ塣
ڼӰϵԮʱֵĸо
ϣϢȷ̫Ծǻúò鿴ģȥ飬òˡ
վλǰӦǽӰòӥĸ磬һĮĿ˵
ϵ飬ȷֵģǻô뿪ʲôΣգҲܰһæ
ʵʵ˵
оϵر֣ΪЩа岢û׷ɱ·ӳȥһΪ
Ǻܿ϶аضϣҾԲֹһͷһͷ켶Ĵڣ
Ǹɵͷа壬Ѿ߶δ۷Ĵڡ
аȺĴһĻ˵񾳽Ĵڣ
ĻӰӥ˵ĵпܻһЩʲô⣬ʱɾͲˡ
Ĳ²⣬һ˵Ĳ²⣬Ǻݺ¸˶ô룬ʱûҪ뿪
㲻һЩ𣿡
ӰӥЦһȻӳһöѫ򣺡һǧսŹѫ˾߰ɣͬһϵķϣǲǾôˣ԰ɣ
Ȼȴδöѫ򣬽ɲҪҪģ
۾˵һǧѫ㲻ʲôˣֻϵ飬Һܺ棬ҲҪŪȻ뵥жҲȥˣϣһ·˳
˵仰²ǿϷ˻ȥ
ԼҪʲôֻսŹѫĻα˷ôʱ䣿
ȥһЩɵѧԺ֮õսŹѫ϶ǳһǧġ
ģǸ򾿾ô£ҪŪ׵ģ
Ϊ彮г˴ΧģǱͺܲˣϵıߺ񶼱ˡ
ټϣһֱϺܲԾһСģܻܿھһܣ
֮ҪѧԺǲԮǲߵ飬һ飬˭뵽ӰӥȻҪɣ
˵ǺѽܵģԸȥϵ飬ҲսŹѫ뿪ˡ
һ˵Ļ಻ɹҲʲô֮ǣϾʵ̫ǿˣоڣȫԵõ̶ȵıϡ
ߣ
ۿȻҲӳĹѫӥɫúѿ
Ӱϵ屾͸ദòôеҲܿóһ
ǣҪȥˣҿԸܵϴĳֳԽ׵Ϣпܣһͷ
Ӱҡҡͷ˸һĨڴ֮ɫ


1456 Ϳ
ǲ֪ӰӥܹôϢ̽⵽˱˻ҪĶ
Ҳ˱ѧԺľӢѧԱǿ϶Ҫǿٵģ֮ǰ߶δ۷а壬²ûѶܽ㶨ˡ
һˣˡݺ¸ˣܿ»صϡ
֮ǰʱ䣬϶һȦ֪һЩʱ˿̾һĮеĳ׼¿ʼϸ顣
ûóȻȥκ˽н˵ûгЩװıǰ̽
ϾаģһµĳУҲܹܿĲаϢȻѭϢŶԷӽȥ
⸽ҲһӦҲа壬ȹȥ
ţȻ޵״̬³Ÿȥ
Ǹ֮ǰаҪ˲٣Ҳ֪еаǷࣿ
Ȼδ뵽Լֵ˾ˣ
źȥ޵״̬£εĴڣԶǲܷģϾûǰ¶£ҲûʲôϢݡ
ܿ죬״̬ǸϿգ֮ǰһеĺˮͬīɫģĳаĵϢ֮ͬǰͷаһ
΢һ£ھȥ
֮ǰʱ䵽ˣ֪ĺʮҲΨһɢаϢĵط
ȥһĻ϶ǲ֪ܵйаĸϢˡ
ڵЩаǳ˵СҲУҲΪ彮ǱԵʰɣǸ
ȻϣѾЩ߶ȫסˣȴ嵱ǿڶ࣬һûܹǸɵɣǵĴھͻᱩ¶ǺǼصġ
ڻ޵״̬£źˮǱȥ
״̬£ԼǱ˺еģϾȫ޵״̬ˮҲˮ
뵽֮ȴܲаϢأȻҲа塣
뵽֮˶ܵһֹѹֵգ൱ڡ
ܿͿʼΪǱʱȴȻǳһֱǱ˺þöײҲûмаĴڡ
ǹŹˣ֣ԽԽ󣬺ûе׵Ĵһ
ѵ˵
뵽һԣʱеëȻѵǺֻһ¿ռڣ
пܣ·ǺͨͨģĻܽΪʲôԽԽˣΪûеײ
²ܿ͵õ֤ʵ
ΪǱ룬аϢŨֻǻûκһͷӰӡ
Χˮī֮ɫҲԽԽˣϢŨЩëȻϾΪֹ֪̬ʲô
᲻ᣬһûֻ̬ˮУ
ϾҲпܵġ
δţڻޣҶĵİӰҪĻᱩ¶Լ
ҳײھʲôҲͨʲôط
ǱīɫˮΧȴûº¶κκۼ
֪ӰӥһںδǷҲ㣬뵽ĳīɫĺȥǷʲôķ֣
ڸоԼƺ˺ܶණ
Ȼڳɫˮ֮ʲôûӴȴƲܶˣΪΪֹѾźˮ֮Ǳ˺üȣȴûײǺܲѰġ
ǰһʱڸô¡
žںˮǱʮʱ򣬳ǰģȻһ·ڣҪǰֻͨѡ
·ѡ񣬳˱ӦǺ׵λã
Ȼ˲·
ɫݣСй۲Χĺݺ¸Ůɫһ䡣
˸ǳڲͱͿˣв·˵ܼ룬ȥĺصӸӣ
˵Ļʶĵ˵ͷΪҲΪġ
ԭΪīɫĺֻһȴû뵽滹ж죬Ȼ嶼īɫˮˣǿԲƺԶԶֹô
ǰ·ĻԽԽºܿ뵽λȥû뵽Ⱥа徹ȻѾͿˣﹹһѨ
ô˵ÿرϼīɫ֮䣬п໥ӵģǼ뵽ڲĻӰӥлǡ
뵽ЩƣӰӥûʲôøС
ʱϵĻҲһ
߰ɣߵϢƺŨһ㡣
ݺ˵
˵ͷ͸ݺݺ˵ģ·˹ȥǻ޵״̬ҪȻ治֪һֱīɫˮл᲻ᵼʲôġ
޵״̬£롣
Ź˰ʱʱ䣬оԼѾص׳һǧľ룬طܹΧѹǿ˲٣ΪرԶȻͻиѹ
īɫˮȴ٣ɫ䣬ϢҲԽԽŨ
ʱһɫӰȻͳǰīɫˮζţǸӰûʲôض壬ͺǲˮһһīɫˮвǰš
ѵаı壿
ԭȻ͹ɵ壬ȻīɫˮȴҪЩīɫˮܹ棡
һۿһһɫӰͷŲٴ֣ϵΧīɫˮͺˮеſպϺһ
ӰȻû״̬µֻǳԣȻˡ
ڣǼаĿͷ壬ͬҲ߶δ׵磬Ҳ۷״̬Ϊǿ
ֲ֮ǰͷԸǵʱ涼ΧһīɫˮЩˮУӦ̺ȥıʡ
ݺҲһ㡣
ô˵߿ȥ˵ָܷĶǲɱЩģֻ̽࡭
˵ͷߡ
ǰУ·ԽԽ࣬Ҫ·Ϊһ·ͨطȥ
ڲѱͿգΪĳѨͨ˴·ͨĵڣ
Ҫǰģģ뿴ǾЩʲô


1457 
ŸǰнȥԽԽаǰӻ޵Χ߾
ȻûκܷȻЩΪ߶δ׵۷Σվ޷Ĵڡ
īɫˮвϳŵɫӰѾʮΣʮμĶͬһ
ڲкܶǱڣȫ߶δײεǿڣ
߹ƬУгʮͷĴˣԿ϶ԼƬҲڲĶʮ֮һˡ
ô˵ڲȻҲܲųһͷа壿
ÿһͷ߶δ۷ĻʵܽӽڵѧԺˣ
Ȼͬ߶δ۷ľ磬˪ඥڣǻ˸ǿģ˪Щ򣬶һ˶ԸͷаӦûʲô⡣
ǣǸոճԮӰӥˣȻܴﵽǸ̶ˣ˸ܹͬʱԸͷа壬Ѿǳˡ
ԼѧԺѧԱҪкаԵȥ۸Ща壬»ܴܺĴۺʹ٣ֻҪиʮͷСˣܷ뿪ﶼ⡣
˵ĻҲ뵽ڲгħɫɵĺˮаֵطսȻĲ
ȥһôԼǲģǰŻԸðĵط
ǰܿǰֵаԽԽ࣬ҾȻһеѹǰ
ѹͷһˡ
񾳽ƣ
һ֣֮ǰԶˣʶ֪ǿûвһֱôĵطŸо
൱𺳣֮ǰط᲻Ĵڣȴûеֱڣڲ񾳽Ϣ
طεĴڣôĵƾֻʣ¾ˡһ֣ôֻܶвһǰٷ֮ٵıգ˭֪аǿߣӵʲôĹ
ȥѡǼǰгˣи֧Ԯ
ΪܵϢʱ׹ƾǼˣӰӥ˫Ҳǲܸ㶨ߵġ
˵Ӱӥˬ˫ûĿܡ
ǰһǿߣ϶ǳֻжþпܴؼһҾͲõκζǰأûκ壡
ǲǰĻҲֻгѧԺԮˣ֪ѧԱ棬ʲô
ٵѡ񣬶൱ļѣѡһƺвõĵطԾ
ܿ죬ҧҧ˾Ҫǰ
Ѿزͣԭûκã˾ǰ
ʱ˿̣ͷ뿪ĻҲܰߵѧԺˣϾУڶϢ뿪˴
޵״̬ҪȻκƬīɫĺˮУ϶ᱻЩа֡
ǰԼ޵ûκµܹĴڡ
ʵѡȷġ
Ϊ粻̫ߣԲǴϢϢĳڳɱϢ
Ҳ˵л񾳽壬ǰĻĸܹ
ԽǰаԽԽ࣬õʱͷаСӣīɫĺˮвѲߣƺڱĵĸ߹ڡ
Ӧþͷ˰ɣ
ţ˿ûͣ½Ųǰܿ͹һ£ԼĵرѾǧľ롣
Ȼ򶼱ЩͨˣҲ֪Ǿʲô
ݺü
ǻ˵𣿲ܽʲôƻ嶼Ϣ
һЦǰߣҲһˣ˵壬ԨǺУҪһµġǺߣǾûʲôõĵˣӲд֮壬ʲôµģ
ҲвٵľˣϾʹˣĶ˶ö࣬£Ҳܽ²
˵ĻԵͷͷ˵ĶǺе
ҪʲôѾطضǰУֱΣյʱ򣬾񾳽ǿֵ߳ʱ
ʱֻܶˡ
֮ǰҪŬһ£ܲܲҳȺаطĿ
һʱ֮
Ѿ뵽˾رǧĵطһʼңѾ򿿽ĵطˣ
һ·پͼͷаĳ֣·ֻ֮һѡ
ڲȻһǧͷа壿
ԶԶŵĹ㣬ϾԽǿ룬ֵаԽ࣬ÿһͷ߶δ۷Ĵڣ
ľսģԿ϶κһߣڵλã֮ˡ
ӵֶεļһҪȻܰȫλá
طѾĸܵǿߵϢѹô£ҲѾܳˣĵǿڣûɱΪ
Ϣѹǿ߻һЩģܵõӦڲɱĹ̵Уӣ²Ҫ̫ʱܹɱˡ
ʱ򣬴˷Ĳ·ڳһ޴ĵص׿ռ䣬ռһ۶ͷīɫɵҺ壬аƬռ䵱С
Ƭռ䵱УÿһξһɫīɫˮУеУ塢ߵʬǣڱе
ƫƫǣЩ߻ûȥȫڼʹ״̬£ڵ
ؾϵǿߣ
ЩīɫˮУϱߣͷȻ𾪡
Щ˵ĴԴԴϢ
ڱһЩīɫĺˮܵص׿ռλá
ǵطʲôܿΪռгīɫˮ赲ߣʶ֪ȫˡ


1458 ʿ
ôīɫˮУߣУϱڵǴֻ֮Ҫڵͻᱻֱӳߣֻ½
УЩߣȫһģȫݹᾣȫǻΪģҲȫǾѪɾûκξӡ
òҡ
ݺ¸趼ʱëȻĸобץߣûһ״̬õģŮ侾ġ
Ȼ֣ܳĻضͬЩаץ˵أΪǵ֡
Щ߱ȡȥĶ²⣬Ӧ͵ڣϢѹĵط£аЩߵеǿߡ
ؾǿҹҹṩж٣
ֱ
ңЩм˲߶δ׵ǿߣ߶δ׵ǿߣûˣаסƿ
һʼûܹͷаɵǱץסĻҲӣ˴Ϊаϡ
ûʲôĻֻܰߵѧԺˣѾ̫ʿȻѾΣǳ󡣡
ţڸΧһȦԼûʲôܶԸЩ壬ûеģĻֻȵӰӥ˵˵ˣϾҲѧԺĶѧԱȻΪ˸߰սǼǿġ
ǰУ·ϼһˮУÿлʮʿʿȽ϶࣬ռ˾ųɣϾԨǺӱͷǳƫƧ˵ʿҲ塣
ֲãһؾĶûУд׶Ѿ˴˵أ޷ѡЩıߣӦǱа˾Ȼר߱ץġ
ѾˣҪ⣬ƾڵʵ̫ˣǶþھǷǳ˽⣬ҲûаٷְٵİգֻΪµıֶζѣǹֶΡ
ܿǰѾλõĸаˣӦΧѲ߷ص̫ˣԵͷ˾衣
ǿʲôܹϢôĵطҲͲҪôɭˡ
ص׿ռ룬ܹܵϢѹŨˣңԼԼǰīɫˮУһɫľ޴Ӱӡ
Ӱûо̬ȫɫɣа̬ǸλӰϲīɫˮɵġӡһĶ˷ıʿϱ˴Ӱա
ܵӰǲɢϢѹǿڣӣȻṳ̂񾳽磬ȴҲѾԶˣô౻ʿȻ޴ӰѾǿ˲˼ĵز
طΧа岻Ѳߣˣ׾ҵյǸ޴ɫӰȴ˵ˡ
Ϊεǿֻܹ޵ģȻǰǿ߻ûг̤񾳽磬ֻܷܲ޵ҲǺ˵顣
ûмȥܿǾ޴ɫӰʧīɫˮУˮܱˡ
һξ֮󣬱㷢һƺваڼϵһȻĳ򲻶ϸϹȥһ
ӦӰӥˣ
²⵽һ㣬ҪȻĻЩаΪζһٴеӣ
а壬Ȼĳ־ĵ˺üʮͷĵص׿ռ䣬ͨΧ߹ȥ
ҲûֱӾ͸ȥӰӥƾһôҲܶԸôа壬ȥܰæĻҪһµģϾѧԺѧԱ
ԷôԸ⣬վѵķ롣
ǰЩ壬ǲ۲۵ĵˣ
ܿ죬һȺʮͷаһ⣬žһǧľ룬ܵǰƺдսΧīɫˮУǿ𵴣
ӰӥȻѾ뵽˿սڻһξ룬֪Ρ
ϿʮͷԮаҲѾսʱԼԼ˳е״ԭЩһаԮ֮ǰӰӥѾҪֲסˡ
УкüɫӰѾײ֯ѾȻǱӰӥɵˣиɫӰ壬ڳӰӥΧ
ȫɫâǸīɫˮΪƣͶ䣬ɫĴðȻ۳ɹǷϣϰͷаԿš
ȻӰӥڽڰˣЩмܣرǵŵȺʮͷа嵽֮ӰӥƣҼ޷صӡ
Ҳ˿ҪֲסԼǷҪֵʱӰӥһۣȻͬʱһɫâ˲ӳʧ
Ǽ߶˵ֶΣ
˱ҪͨīɫˮͨģȴֶԷаʵ̫ǿֻܲȡԲֶΣӦҪ̽طжĴڡ
˱ЩʵһʼŻѡӲķʽڼͷԣֱӾǵֶΣһ
ҪǣոһսѾôаǰԼϢЩϢҲݳǵλã
Ȼ˻ʲôֶοݣǿӳԷݵڵʱ䣬ҪȻĻҲûκε塣
ܲӰӥĴڣҲʩչκֶν̽飬룬Ӧǳǰˡ
·ϱаӰӥ˵ٶȣ϶ǲģѾ̽һȦ˻ڼѵĳȥ
ûпֱ̫࣬ӻͷǰܿ͵ĵص׿ռ䣬ʿһγǰ
ҪӰӥҲѾ϶Ҳᱻ𾪣ǻȡʲôĴʩ͵ÿӵкֶˣûʲôЧֶΣô϶ֻʱ˵ġ
ȻӰӥΪѧԺĶѧԱ޲ߡ
ȻˣȴܿԶһˮиһǿһƳΧɢ
˶ˣ


1459 ʱ
æĵطϹȥ⸽īɫˮѾȫһƬǵģΧваҲȫ˹ȻӰӥĶЩаˡ
ۿӰӥ˵ӰֳīɫˮУȻǺˮԭʮʿȫ˾ȻԼС統С
ˣǳ嶯Ȼһʱܾ֮һЩ˴ݾߣЩ׼
üͷ΢壬Ҫ֪ص׿ռпǴʿסôǿҲǧͷа£ȳʿ
һжʧܣ֮ЩʿܿһЩر飬ܿΪݾߵԭЩаתҲ˵
ûóȻ֣·ǰһжûйϵһҲû˿õģǱڰУлĻؼʱֱӳ֣ܹ𵽵춨һеá
۲ȥӰӥ˵ʵȷǿ
߶δײεаΧϹΧʱֱӽһͷ߶δ۷аɱˣʱԷ̫࣬˾ֱӳű϶룬һĺˮиȥ
ɵģ˾ȻѾʮ˳ˮУаȺȻķŭ˷ԽԽۼ
ܿ죬Ӱӥ˾ѾΧˮйͨˡ
Ȼû뵽ϵаȻѾôˣڰΧа壬Ѿﵽͷÿһͷ߶δ۷Ĵڣ
ŵ˵аһʵԱȵѧԺˣȻѧԺֻϴ󱲵Ļ֯սȻ㲻رǿġ
ӰӥЩ⣬˲δ
ȻӰϵ岻ͣڼôʿȡǻ쳣ķŭͷԷȾҪǾȳ
뷨ǲģ˳嶯Ҳеơ
ʵõİ취ǲҪݾߣȥ֪ͨѧԺǿ߹ǿ߸ֻҪǿ߹ߵܹɽġ
ӰӥжҲ˵ʲô˵˲˳嶯£Ѿ˼ƻ磬ڴ֮ǰѾ֪ͨѧԺˣҲǺпܵġ
һԣ䡣
ӰӥԽԽѣǽʮˮУȳܹʮʿ֮󣬾ѾаȫΧȫû취ȥˡ
µЩʿҲȫǼήҵ״ֳ̬ڱȡήңǷκεҩܹģЩ˵ȻǲͶ뵽ߵս
οǸȡ֮Щ˶а϶ҲѾ˼ǿĿ־УǳսЧλǺ˵ġ
Ӱӥ˱¾սûκ˰æа岻ӿīɫ۶ɵĿֲںˮд͸䵽ԣȴɫķֵס
ԷԶīɫˮڵĸӰӰĸӥѾֳɲⲢҪҪڱаΧʱԽԽֲּסļ
Ҳʱ˵һӰͻȻʹӳʧˣֻʣΨһһˣڼŵֵ˷а壡
ЩĿɿڴһô£ѵһԲϾһһ˲ɣ
Ӧòˣ֪ǲȡʲôƻ
¸üͷ΢壬ѧԺ˱ͺݺһ֪꣬Ӱӥ֮Ĺϵǲģ¶¶Է·
ȥ֪ô£ԭԷһʧΪһСУȻͷ˶а壬δκȫһɫâīɫˮ˲䴩жȻƿЩа
һɫâ֮ǰа壬ȫһâ״͸Ŀɿڴ
ʲôֶΣȻ
˻ɫâһĸоֵطȻܲЧɼ˵ʵȷǼǿģֻǲ֪ʲôֶˡ
ҪôһƷҪô̫Ʒѵ۷ľѼҪô۷޾似ͻȻˡ
СнеͷǶܿġ
ܶеģŵǵܣǾ޾似ͻȻ˸౶ȻǰߵĻӦͶó˲ŶԣӦʱŶá
Ҫ֪һʽҪĶõĻǶ뵽ֱΧľء
һɫԶܿʧǰ޵״̬¼æ׷ȥȴѾҲԷټˣЩʧӶԷӳΧ֮ʼ̽ˡ
ûκõΧаɢߣ϶ѰӰӥˣаǷ֮ĹâȻҪݳӰӥ˵λڡ
ʱڣûκһͷаܹݳλõġ
ȵٴα仯ʱص׿ռ룬ʹһҵīɫˮ˲䱬Χа塢ˮУȫ˿ȥ
üͷ΢壬뵽ӦӰӥˣȥص׿ռм䣬Ȼǽӽа嶯ˣ˵Χˡ
õԼΧЩˮУƺ޴Ӱ˿Щȡıʿ޷͵ȥЩīɫĺˮܵһѾȫˡ
ӣӰӥǰ˵ص׿ռ룬ֱʩչֶΣž޴ӰͨƻˣһֵΪȣֶεȷģܹ˻¸ɳ
ȴûʲôģΪЩͨȫն֮ЩˮеıʿЩа˵ͱûʲôüֵ
Уа忪ʼЩʿɱ
һݣʱѾˣܿЩ޴ʿаɱҪǣоа壬ڳȥȻǱӰӥ˳ޣ
Χжаˣ¶ģֶ֣
ҪģȻȥӰӥսڵɲʲôóȴԾˣ֮ǰǻŵʱда׾ŵĳԱȳһ
оͻûκԥֱӾʹ޿ռ˳һ̧֣֮˸һˮеʮʿϣ뵽ԼСУ


1460 ļս
޿ռгֱӾ͸ܵһǿѹΪǴĵλãбȽǿѹ
˵ĻвЩīɫɵĺˮǸаĻ˵ȴǳ˸ʴЩīɫˮвȡʲôʩĻֱܿӾͱʴˡ
ֻʩչսϣֶܹ赲Щīɫˮٶʱڲʲô顣
ţͿʼ߾ԮıʿаȫмӿȥڵΧûжĴڣУЩҲһһδ׵Сˡ
Ҫ֪ӰӥλãѾڶͷ޴ӰϮ
֮ǰͷ޴Ӱɱ䵽ĹУƺܹжӰӥ䷢ʱΧаע
ΣԲǾ޴Ӱ˸ɵģа˵Ǿ޴ھǵ
ԣһҲͿпˣֻаڱԵشߣʧȥõıʿֱɱ֣ʮʮɱɱɱϰٸʿ
ĿǰЩʿȫȳжǳ˳ֻҪܿЩаͿˣһֻԼֱһλޣȻԷʧȥĿ꣬Ҳö֮ˣȥԸȥˡ
Ӱӥʺж˳ĺܣܿ;ȳһǧʿЩʿ϶Ǵ׾ĴڣҲ֪طˣһѾήҲֻǿһѡ
ڣǱȻˣ𽥺ת
սϣ¸ͺݺ֣ϾҪǱа嶢ϵĻûʲôȫıֶΣл޵ֶΣıա
ԣ¸ͺݺ͸СУȥչЩȽıʿṩһЩҩʲôģǺúΪ˵һ
Щڱȡʱ򣬶Ƿǳѵ״̬Լʹ࣬էȻȣЩţһж档
زǺòױȳˣȻǲѡɱģ߶Լöأǽ˲֪õķ˶ԴҲȥ
ڽǾȳˣȻǷǳмģݺ¸ȻǸǣȳǵĲŮһ˵ˡ
ֱȺ˶

ͷϾˣܿʹһǧˣȵǧˣѾȳص׿ռбʿ֮һȥҪȸ˵ĻԽԽˡ
ΪѾвٱаֱɱˣֻʣǧʿںˮеУ޷ڲУȻҪΪʧȥκȫήҡ
״̬£ǸܳīɫˮУȻԱʴУûīɫˮĸʴֻһЩɫǵϳȡڵ
ʶΪѣԿ忿ԼߣȻԼڵĺˮдƣȻԼ˶뵽īɫˮУƬ̱㱻ʴ֮ʹ
ȻҲԿϽӽԼȻ֮ԼǵȻѡˣ뵽СУôҲܱﱻϳȡúá
ӪȣʱЩʿȳõģΪǲûȥҲûгʧȥֻҪһʱ䣬ܹȫָ
Ǵطȳģ˵԰Щ֯ΪǺеһսţ
뷨ǲϲǿȱˣЩǷԸһҲȥôԶ⣬ô˵ȰǾȳ˵ɡ
ھ˵ѶԽԽΪôʮͷаʼɱЩʿųбʿ٣ЩаϵĿҲӡ
һĳһͷа壬ֻлһ·ߣ߶δ۷״̬аԿĻ֮ء
ʱע⵽ȻѾаڶ֮Լ֮λã
һ֪ܼˮȥˡ
֮󣬶ԷҪ̽⵽ĴڣҪһʱģֱӾתӰӥ˴սĵطǰȥ뼤սѾ˺ܾãҲ֪ˡ
ܹȳǧˣѾǳԼֻгˣȥط
ܿص׿ռ룬ط˷пֲīɫˮըѣȻһӿγΧɢȥ
ЩζûʲôӰ죬ǻ޵״̬
֮󣬲ŷִ˿Ӱӥ˵ǳ˶Ѿ԰ټƵаΧīɫĲӿ˳װΧС
ȻǸոӳΧȦɫֶΣҲûзӳӦе޾似δ౶ЧҲ޷ͻΧֱֻΧ״̬²ͣļȥ
ͬʱľɫӰƺתǿߵϢѹ𽥵ǿüΪţҪⶫɱǿߣǵĴͻ÷ǳ
ǶѾӰӥˣԲŻѹ
üͷϸ۲ųе
ֻ޴ӰԱߣԭŵ͹ܵѾȫжϣǾ޴ɫӰڻƺչ
Ǿ޴ӰԱߣӰӥˣƺѾǾ޴Ӱ͵Ĺƣֻ⹥ƲδʲôЧǾ޴Ӱ˹
Ǿ޴ӰڵĵطµҲûҪԼ᲻ᱻԷˣѾа٣ܿٱͻᱩ¶
ڻĿĻᣬȥܹ춨ʤֵ顣
Ӱӥ˵ĹǾ޴ӰûʲôЧҪԸǶĻֻƾˣǲþֶΣҪֻҪԱͿˡ
Ȼڿʼж֮ǰǻ޵״̬Ӱӥڵλ÷ǰȥ

һ޿ռгȻ֮ӰӥҪ˽ԼСУʱ˿̣˵״̬ǼģͷаΧ£ûκηأȥ⡣
£˾ûҪչӣСʵϣֵʱ˻Щȵģû뵽Ȼһص׿ռ䣬һϢĳԱߣ
óӵкǿֶˣ˶Ҳһۣûκΰ취֣Ǿֻн뵽СУȻ֪뷨ʲôôҲһϢĻᡣ
ֻģСϢҲָܹһսˣҲܹ뿪Сս


1461 
ص׿ռĽӽεĴڣѹ
ѾܵһǿʼԼϣûУΧЩаԼݣҲܺܿ췢Լټ
ذΧ£ѾѡΨΪǿΪԱ׼
ѾȳǧʿʣЩѾûа취ȥ˼ҪȻĻԼȫܴܵв
ԣֱӳ嵽м䣬˳ֽӰӥ뵽СС
С磬ϾһϣӰӥûʲôԥֱӾ˽
Ѱ£Ҳ˼ɵ˱˵СУܵ˵Ŀƺв֮ģڵ£ȴûʱ俼ôˣοѧԺģӦûеôŶԡ
˵뵽С֮ܲص׿ռ˵ء
Ͼһδ׵Ϊ
ûô࣬ԸԸԼС磬˵һģŵҪУЩаԾ𹥻
ȻķŶԷĹǿǿҪͷӽεǿ֣ܹȷΧЩаȫɵ
Ѿͷӽѵףֱӻ޴ˣڰӰӥС֮޹˼ɣͷӽڴ˹ȥ
ͷа壬һ޴ɫӰīɫˮз·û壬Һ̬壬壬ǰδ͡
ԣֱӳǾ޴ɫӰм䱼жȥһԶɫӰڲ
һֹɭȻϢ˷˹ǻ޵״̬ҪȻͷӽ塰ڡпܱʲôŹֱֵӸɵ
ͷ廹δѹֱӳ䡰ڡĳ˹ȥ

ȵĿĵأֱӱѾȡ˳ȻԼ㵽˾С統ȥһĵص׿ռУֻʣһȺа壬нǧݽߵήʿ
īɫˮĵ¿ռ䣬ھλãСУȴͷǿĽӽаѹ
ϢԽԽŨأص˾УȥͷǿġڡаҲͶû˳뷨ȻЩĸвûСڡ˵
ۿǿľ޴Ӱڲ嶼оЩѾˣϾȺǿĴڣڱѹǷŭ쳣
˿Ⱥ죬
ȴô룬ͲⶫѹͶžǣһõһˡ
˵Ҳֻôһѡߣڱаݵ£ǻޣûκλͿĵص׿ռ䡣
ԣֻˣԽΪˣϣھ
СС
ǧȵıʿʱ˿һƬжǿҪȻֻҪȻ嵽˵ص׿ռǿġڡȻӾ̡
ݺ¸ﰲЩˣܿЩ𽥷ȺУܹǧʿʿϾԨǺ彮һ֣ϣаݺģҲʿ
ǧУнǧ˶Ǵ׾ΪҲһδףʮ߶δ׵ǿڣڣʮ߶δףȫήҲ״̬
ȫȡӳ˲֪೤ʱ䡣
¸ͺݺѯ£֪Щ˱ץסȡʱ䳤Ѿʮʱ䣬Щʱ̵ģֻмʱ䣬Ǽʱ䣬ʱڵľҲ㹻Ƿ·˵
Щʮ껹ûȥģ־ǿĴˣʮʱĲȫȡʱضή״̬ܹǲס
ȡʱԽҪָԽѡ
ǧУָܹĴֻҪʱ䣬ָģҪһҵʱУָȫõҩֲܹģؼǵľܵ˺ܴˡ
һ£СиƬЩܹЩ⵹ǵĻָٶȿһЩҲ첻˶١
ϾһδףСеԶָٶȣЩҲ಻˶٣رǻ޷Щ߶δ׵ǿȵġ
ܼӿһٶȾһɣҲû̫ãõĵطֻʣ°ħ֮ˡ
ȶˣ˿
Ӱӥ˵СУ㾲Ĵһԣû˵ʲôȴܹ͸С磬״ġ
ۿȻͷǿ壬˶Щ⣬ɫҲЩѿѵСӣҪǣ
Ƕ̶ˣ˭ѡ
û˵ʲôǾĿţһԾǾͻֱѡ뿪С磬ǽıҲֻҪ΢Ϣһ£ظһġ
ʱһƵȻС֮⴫˽
һ֪ǴͷӽаϴҺǴڴĳƣ弫Ϊ޴ľ޵졣
ͷа壬ȻҺ̬ɣܷҲ֡
⣬ҲʹѾ˹
ͷа壬һѹȻͷ˶ԼڡľⶫϢǳʾĵĹɭȻ弫
Ҳû룬ֱӾ͵īɫīɫ⣬Ȼž
ؼʱҪˣ
ھڵۿͷȻξҲֻǰֱˣ˵жٵİգûж١
һֵסԷĹƣȫùң
ûΪĵĶԾôһЩεģҪ²žҲǲˣ뿪СȥĻֻ·һ
īɫ⣬žϮһֲɭȻơ
Ӱӥ˼״ҲûҶҲǼĽţһСӡǵֵס̾ҪȡʩҪȻĻܾܿΪһ¶ҷˡ
Ŀתͷ
¸衢ݺڣȫĶţīɫһԶ˾֮ϣһֲ


1462 
ͷǿа壬Ȼṳ̂뵽ľ磬ȴѾ޽ӽĲΣͶ˵ܹһȫΪ
ʱ˿ֵ̧̣īɫ⣬ž˲˾ǿҷ
ܹᱬʾ籩ΧɢȥңԽǿĹ籩ҲԽǿ
ʱ˿̣ӽа峯ž˲һʾɵķ籩̼䱬ΧȻɢȥ
׵ıͷӽεа壡
ʾķ籩Χ£ͷаȫܵ˼ǿƻԭѹ緢һʧǱ޴Ӱи˺ü֣׷ָˡ
ĵΧɢȥЩ߶δ׵а˵ƻǿֲ
˽Ĺķʱ˿̵ķΪֲص׿ռ伸ֻһ˲ͱʾĸ⣬ԭԾص׿ռеЩа壬Լʣ½ǧʿ̼ͱķ籩
ĵص׿ռУһ˲󣬾ֻʣͷӽεа廹ûҲѾˣʴڣȻЩҺ̬壬ҲᱻĸʴûκѵĿܡ
ŵģķ籩ΧԭаھЩص׿ռ룬Ѿڿգʱ˿̸ֱӴڲʼɢѿ
īɫˮ׷ѿڲռӿ룬ܶͨѲߵа廹ûӦͱ˾ķ籩У߾ǱīɫˮиȥɼȻһͷײ˾ķ籩Уĸʴ˲
ڲʼԭѾھĿֲ£ֱӴڲʼ˽塣
ͷӽεǿа壬ŭӰѳ˺ü֣Ӱ쵽棬ϾǽӽĴˣǼΪǿġ
ʱ˿̣Ҳʶ˾ʲôǵĴڣԲûж䷢ڶι
ⲻıֹͣˡ
ڲʼ壬īɫˮ˷ӿгģȻþӶıʾķ籩
ͷӽεа壬ڲ֪ڣȻڲûʲôá
Ҫ֮ⱼгȥȻ⸽ȫʾĺīɫˮ߶ܹռĵģҪֱ˲Ƴȥûôס
ӽ岻ϳȥȻһһľķ籩ϳ޴Ӱһʱ䣬ͷӽаѾһϢҺֽ̬С֣Ȼ󱻾ķ籩ʴɣ
ֻʣľ꣬յĵֿ
Ȼʾķ籩ԾҲżǿĸʴãϾǾĿֲҪ˵ǽӽˣǿ߹žһȭҲѳȥ
Ҫ֪ǴĶⶫԭǿܣǳԽεĴڡ
֮еа壬ôһ㣬ֱӾȫˣȻɴĺҲ൱صģȻڲʼĽ塣
žһδεıٶҲԽԽ죬īɫˮѾ緢ȥаٿصı߶ѣīɫˮûʾķ籩Ҳʼӿر
򣬷ѣ塣
飬ûۼΪ彮ڣʹһҪЩӵǿǿ߶սԲѡһ֮ϡ
ڣȫû취ˣҲû뵽ȻǿᣬЩаȫɵˣĽ塣
˿µֻӵˣ
ң⻹ԶԶǾļޣǱ鹥ֻıֺͷӦ
ر棬ȻڲҪ˵鹥ˣǷ񻹴ڶ
ʱ˿̣ھСУȥϾͷĵķ籩īɫˮĲӿµóһʱ䡣
ǰͻһʱ䣬һαǿʱȻԽ
λԺúϢˣ㶨ֻϧ򶼿ʼˣҪ뿪ٵҪһµʱ䣬ͷķ籩ɢȥ
Ӱӥ˵꣬Թ뿪ȥ¸ͺݺˡ
ʱӰӥ뵽Ŀɿڴ״̬ôҲû뵽СӡǣʯȻӵ˿ֲȻܹͷӽǿ֮ƣȻ󱬷˷ǿķ籩
ңķ籩Ȼܽôаȫɵ
ƻĽṹ壬ĳ̶ȵǲ˾̾ΪҲӵеģֻʲôûСӡǾӵܣ
ʵ˸о˼
Сӣֻһһδ׵СһһʯУǿ֣߳ô
ڽӽͷаǿߣ乥ƽٵʱӰӥ˶ܵˣЩīɫƻѾ޽ӽǿߵĳ̶ȣҪֵôˡ
ʯȴɵֵ˵ʯڣǿ߶Ҫˣ
Ӱӥ˶һۣӶԷп֮ɫʣı֣˸ı˶Ŀ˾ԳƵ彮ڵһǿˣ
Ȼֻһδ׵ΪսȴǱȴ߶δ׶Ҫǿ
ȴ֪ٶþģһⶫܳãÿζ䷴ҪԼһʱ䣬һ棬ⶫǱȽصģô࣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôĺ
һεΣǽˣ˶鷳Ҳܴ󣬿ºܿͻǿ˴ԭ򣬶ңϵıߣʱ˿̶Ѿ뵽˼ΣС
õǣŵص׿ռаЩڻָԼǣٱƣǵлһЩؾĴڣ԰֮ȫ뵽СУȻ򣬵ȥһӡ
壬εΪ׳ۡ
ǧıߣֱָ֮˺ۣ֮ǵĵһѡ񣬴֮ǷɵյУۿ򲻶Ͻ壬īɫˮ籡ڵİӰķ籩Ͼ𣬽ɳĮʯ״ݻ


1463 
ڱ˵൱ǵļ԰
ڼ԰ȻȻȻ֮УȻҲ֮ǰܳһʱڣڹŵľʲôĳ壬ǼϰӪկͿǵ򣬽дϵĴȫץūۡ
ʣıߣǱƵֶƣȫΪ߱Щū۵ĹֶΡ
ЩȻ˾񣬵Ǵļ䣬Լ֮ǰʲô飬ǳҲڳѹ֮С
ѵĵһӭ˽
֮ǰ·ߣʱ˿Ѿİɫһɣ飬վյУңŲϽ
ʱϵǿߣֻǸꡣ
Ȼֻ֪һδףܹЩ˶ȳһôа壬ضѲϵġ
һģеʱһЩؾǿߣλ׵ĲΣҲֻλףһδס
ΪǱߣһһδףҲᱻЩץȥūۣӴ˹ʶޱѣɱ
ǲ֪Щץū۵ǣˣ
ٱǽ򣬲뵽Ľ壬ȻϧҲаĸīɫˮӿӰķ籩Ϯȫа嶼С
ΪˣЩߣƻ˲ûж⣬˸мǺټġ
£˰һôǿϵ˶͸ǻ֮ˣڵȴѰһˡ

Ȼǲ֪ġ
ԼСУʶЩȹıʿܹǧˣҪ֪ǽĴ㣬š
ЩУдһǧˣԭıߣ˵Ѿ߽ʱ򣬶ֿϧɫĻҺ͸м
ǻҪЩаֵ֪ܲٿѣȻ壬ȴҲ߽аϳһеа
ЩߣĵľԭԼϵѣЩ˴ѾʮˣȻЩѣʱ˿̴ҲӦѾˡ
ٺѣѾ룬ȡĹ̵С
ǵĺ󱲣ӦҲǱ˾񣬳ǰܻ࣬Ŀ²࣬ҲҪ֪
ڽȥĴ㣬ǻûãϾոմһľʲôطǶԶ·ˣȥȥĶǻûôǹ
ҲûмҪȥѾвˣ¸ͺݺˣԺԸǡ
ϾЩ˵״̬ʮʮʱ䣬̬ǼľģڱȣȻȻָм顣
һ棬ֽӽεǿУܰǾȳɼʵǿĳЩʵԶ˵ġ
ԣĻ˵ԲһѡֻҪǵĸ棬ǾЩˡ
ڣ׼չǺӵЩ˵׷滹ǺܿصģȻֽ׶Щ˷ӲʲôûʲôãǴή״̬»ָĻһжתģһ׾ǿߡ
ڣΪʱĥڻָ֮пܿԽü磬ﵽһµĸ߶ȣʵٻȱץ֮ǰһΣ
Щûȥ̫࣬ЩҲָܻ
٣ҲõѧԺѧ֮Щ˲Ż𽥻ָԭΪˡ
ʱš
ھ֮⣬īɫˮ𽥶ʾʴ𣬽ģΧĿռУֻʣ¾ķ籩Űš
һʱ䣬Ѿ׽壬涼Ѿķ籩׳⣬Ųдīɫˮ涼һĻ
򣬺ܿͱ˺ü޴ʯƬѿ޷ٳΪһ
ڲѾаȺͿգ˵ڱһ㣬ǲˣѾ˵Ǵʧˡ
֮⣬ķ籩Ű˭뿪ֻܵȴһзƽ˾
ӰӥҲ֪ͷķ籩ŰԼ뿪ϾǷ籩ӽεǿ߶ܹɵģǿɲȥâ
С˸λãԹ
ǶԼжҲЩжһ㣬ֱ̽ӻȥѧԺѧԺɳԮĻܹһµġ
ĻѾڲ
Ȼ˶岻ô𣬵ڣǾǵչֳ˾ǿǶҲòˡ
ȻǱϲôֻУѾʵ
Ҳû̫ͣá
Ǳȹıʿǣͽ¸ͺݺŮˣԼǴӾڲСתĿռȥٵһʱ뿪ˣʱ䣬պ֮ܽһЩͼƸӡԺС
ܹʮĸͼûӡҪʱǼģһνǺĿռһʱ򣬷ԼӡЩͼƵٶȣȻֱ֮ǰһ㣡
ѵΪھոձһεԵʣ
㲻ô£ٶȸ쵱ȻãڵٶĻȥһʱ䣬պЩͼȫˣ
һ֮ЧıʼʮЩͼȫӡԺ˵ʲôЧԴ˻ΪڴģϾǾӵ֮ĺĿռеĶ
ȻϣʧΪ˱ʧҲûд̫ڴ
״̬ΪӰ죬ԶԶûнŸոտʼѡ
ž֮ĵڶ죬طб߶ԮˣҴǿѯһЩ
ţսŲһ֯
սţҪԾսϣ֯ҪԿֵ彮ڵĸ壬ţڽ֮ڵľš
ӵλſ϶ǱȲսŵġ
ڴ彮ڲìܳͻʱһ㶼ųȻǱˣ߾ˡ
ȹȻΪ漰Եʣкܶսǿ߲Ź顣
ԨǺе¼Ϣܿ˳ȥаͿǱ飬òëȻһʱ䣬򶼶Լɨһ飬Ա֤Լڲûʲô


1464 ͼ
ⲿûӰ쵽Сڵˡ
ΪھΧʾĵķ籩κ˶޷߶δ۷εǿߣǴҲֻ·һġ
Ͼô߶δ׾а嶼Унӽεаǿھķ籩Уɴ˿ɼⶫһ˻õġ
һ壬彮Ҳһܴˣԣǿߵעһ彮ڵǿߣ߷һۣȻȡһ˿ûþ뿪ˡ
ΪȴҲûκõģҲóеľķ籩ɢжпܳ顣
£û˴ŵСеЩǡ
ӰӥҲ֪ͷΣķ籩Ȼôã൱ȵģЩ׽͸ⶫΪôͬʱҲӲһЩɵ
ǿˣ廹彮ڣȫ޵а
ʲôֻ֣ҪСһ㣬˭ҳž˭Լ⻹޵У
ӰӥһУѾ¶˺ܶξģ󲻹˭ȥˣֲڹǣǴһֶΣǶΪɵ
ھĺĿռУʣЩ֮ͼȫˡ
պһʱȥһپʮ˸ͼȫȫӡԺУֻҪþ֮طЩͼƾͻԺ˸֣֮Ч
ڣ֮Чھ۷ʱҪǿʮ࣬κξֶκͿֶεĵֿѾﵽ˼ΪŵĲΡ
ƣδףδ׵ߣҪÿֶοסѾǷǳѵˣֻ߶δ׵ǿߣܹȵĲȡƻ߾ֶζӰ죬ңпܱ꾵ȥ
֪ⷽķǶôǿᣬûڴˣ
Ѿ֮һپʮ˸ͼȫӡԺеʱ֣ĺĿռڶ㣬ˣ
δֱ̤У뿪˺Ŀռ䣬صԼСй۲һľķ籩Ҫܳʱܹɢ֮ǰȥһʱ䣬ֻɢе֮
ŻҪʮʱܹȫɢʱ֮У粻κܹŵ
ϾһΣıȽأǳ˽ӽεаǿߵĺıҪĸӳһЩ
ȷ֮ٴ̤뵽˾ĺĿռ䵱УֱӴ˵һ㣬̤˵ڶ㣡
ȻͬϣھڶĺĿռУͬһپʮ˸ͼƣЩͼ̺ħ֮ط໥ϣȻӡԺУܹǿħ֮طЧ
֪ħ֮Чǿıʽ
ûж룬ʲôЧһ²֪ˣ
ħ֮ĵһصǶʮͼƣͬȽϼ򵥣֮£ȴǱ֮һصĶʮͼҪѵöࡣ
ʱѾ֮һصĶʮͼӡԺУֻ˲һʱ䡣
ڣҪħ֮ĵͼӡԺУֻǿӡһҪһҵʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ҫħ֮ĵͼӡԺУȾ֮ʱҪѶʮ౶
ǰ漸ؾ絹ˣ˵ڰصھصʱЩͼҪȫӡԺĻҪüʱ䣬Щˣʱʵ̫ˣҪɹ㶨Ǳ޺ܳһʱС
ûо̫ãΪħֻ֮أͼƾӡ¼ģֻнħ֮ӦĲΣпᵽЩͼ̺Ӧ
ȥʮʱ䣬Ҷֻǰʮͼƣֻ֮ܵԺʱ˵ˡ
ȻĹУͷľķ籩ҪʮҲŻɢɲ̫ˣǰصСй۲УȻҪۼߣȫ˾ⶫɾͲˡ
ڱķ籩Χ£Ӱˣȫ޷Ȼˣõ򶼽֮ͷȻ߾ۼرǿ϶Ҫ̽Щķ籩Դͷ
Ҫ͵뿪ԾͲܲעһ
Լ趨һĿ꣬ʮʱ䣬ʮͼƸӡԺУȻʣµļСй۲ʱ׼ж
뾻֮ͼһһͼӡԺеʱԼǿȾȻǿ˰ٷ֮һĳ̶ȣЩ棬̽һԼڵ״̬ŷ֣ԭԺӡͼƵʱڵħ֮Ȼ£Ȼһӵλ
ʣЩͼƵЧٶȱ죬ħ֮ģǿǿȣ
ȥֻԺӡʮͼƣǿҲһ࣬ǿȻСϾǿȾͺܸߣͿս壬ǿȱѰͬҪʮ
ٷһǾǶʮ
ħ֮Щ׵ͼƣЧʵЩ죬ЧǵӣǵӷһҪǽһپʮ˸ͼȫӡԺĻǿǿԼʮǿȣ
ʮʮǾһٱʱǿȾǿˣ
ǿȵǿɲǻһ屶ֻһҡǿȱͬǿһٱǾ൱һδ׺߶δ֮𡪡֮
ȻǰܰЩħ֮׵ͼȫӡԺС
ֲõǿᣬȻܹôУǵʥﶼ
Ϊп
Ѿﵽεľۣħ֮ģӡЩͼƣǿǶôֲǵľ۾Ʈܹʮǿֹһ죬¶˺˾۷̶ֺȣǿԴõġ
ο⻹ֻڵǿȵ¡
Ŀս徳ﵽĳ̶ȣЩͼ໥ӷܹǿȴﵽͬߵİٱĳ̶ȡ
ſ˵ˡ
ս壬ѾϹ޾Ʒ似ϣҵ似ˡ
޾Ʒ߼ƷԶŶĴڣڵ֮У伣ˡ


1465 뿪
ûбЩͼƵЧ𾪣֪Ϊϣ鶼пֵܳģ˵ĴˣЧȻܿһεǿУȴֻСƶѡ
ûип̫ãֱӶЩͼƽ˼¼ԺУ¼ͼԽԽ࣬ɴ˵ģҲоԼԺܹµͼƣƺڼٵС
ѵЩͼԺдڵ޵ģ
ţԽԽԣȻȷһ㣬ȴԤУԤУиΪ׼ȷ
֮ԤУƺΪԺӡµͼ٣Ȼĸо
ȻڻԶԶûдﵽԺܹ¼ļޣԼһ£ܹܹ¼ٸͼƣȻ޷ټ¼ͼˡ
ٸڸܼ¼ⷽԶԶҪȥġ
ʮʱ䣡
֮ʮʱ䣬Ժӡ˸ʮͼƣԼǿȱ֮ǰֱӷﵽͬߵĶʮģҲ˵ڵǿֱ൱δ׵ĲΡ
Ⲣ˵ƾֵܹδ׵ĹϾѰδ׵ҲǵֵסĹģֻһǿһˣħ֮ĵٶҲһЩ
ԭǺҲǸЩͼйء
ЩĿռеͼƣķõ˼ǿ̤ʵĸо
㶨֮ͼƵҸһ䣬뿪˾ĺĿռ䣬صԼС統С
ͷĵķ籩볹ɢмʱ䣬ʱڣͬκ˹ǣȻ籩Ѿ΢ɢ˵㣬ƻȻǼǿģѰ߸ͨС
¸ͺݺ֮ǰһʱҲѾԻȥ˻Ըõ޾Ʒ似˸⣬Ӱ似ܹ߲ΣǺǿģֻŮ̫ܹӳ
ǧȵʿԭڵص׿ռ䱻ϳȡΪңʱ֮һѾȫָЩˣ֮䱻ץص׿ռסġ
Ű˰ˣȫָ˹߶δ׵ΪȽ٣ƽεĶδ֮䣬ⲿʵǺǿģҪС磬ôǵֵסġ
ȻЩ˶ǱȣӲС磬ڣЩ˶ѾˣҪڽ׷ĽŲ
ǿķչǱȻһδףƾĴڣԼǽǴаȳֶΣѾǳϷ㹻ˡ
ʱĻڽȥһʱڣ˰ȫָҪָҪʲô飬ֻҪṩϢͿˣܼӿǵĻָ
ԣƽЩ໥佻ǳ̸࣬Ļ⵱ȻˣЩ˶ͬҵľǶԽҲǼΪڴģһµѡ
֮ǰûԤϵģԭΪҪշЩ˵Ļֻշһ룬һ϶ѡԼ뿪ȴû뵽Ըôࡣ
Ȼ˶Ըֱ׷ֻЩڴлЩǣңЩ˾ҪȻȥȻٹ׷Ҳֻǹ˸䣬һЩʱѣգЩ˶Ըһ·ȥ
ΪϲЩߵıʵҲǱаĳȡȫ״̬̫ʱŻήңҪȫָ൱һ׾ˣ
ԼһδףҪսУһ۾ŶͳģڣȴĪջһ׾š
ΪƣϾ׾š֮ĳԱǼήҵ״̬Ҫ˵׵սˣѰͨؾ߶Űɱǡ
ǾҵСɣʱҪǰʲôطúϢǡָõֵǣõǵĵطͻǳˣڻʱʱ֮һóһЩöǣʧ
˵ģҲȺΪڴ
óĺöʲô
ϾԼʵֶμΪḻ˭֪óѰǵģʲôǾͲö֪ˣֻܽв²⣬໥Դ˶Լ
вǿ似ģвǺҩģҲ˵һ޾սġ
ȴû뵽ҪǵȴһƷ
֮ǰսܲĽףõ˲һƷѪС״صǺȥûпʼģϾ˵ⶫǺż
ںܶ߶δ׵˵һƷ൱ҪˣϾεĻǺ̤ܶ񣬵һƷ֮ۺʵҲǿࡣ
޾似뱩¶ô磬ֽ׶ΣǺӵҲǲռģֻȴڸЩȽ׵ѡ
ǺУҲҪһЩƣڻûʱ򣬾Ϳ޾Ʒ似´󹦵ߣԻ޾似Ȩ
ķ籩ɢʱ¸ͺݺҲԣ׼һж
ʱ䣬ˣҪѾȻޣ뿪Ƭķ籩
¸ͺݺ˵֮󣬱ŮǵõʱԼϾ뿪֮󣬿϶ֱҸطĿռصѧԺȥˡ
ڣƬķ籩֮ʲôҲ֪˵ûκκô顣
ｩһʱ䣬ɵĶ㶨ˣҲûҪȥɲҪЩ߰ΧΧۡ
Ӱӥ֪
Ҳѯʹݺ¸裬ľķ籩ŶʱɢȥŮֻģʣֻ˵Ǵº˷ǳܵģŮ׼ȷ˵Ҳûа취
ʱ˿̣Ӱӥˣ֪ͷķ籩ҪɢȥˣȻСĳԹš
֪ĶڿȥѶԷʲô
ķ籩ɢŻʣʱڽȻޣھķ籩дٶ֮£ӰӥҲȫûܹʲôϾѾһ£ԼС֮ûôˡ
ǿ񱩵ľķ籩ޣһܴ˳УڣѾȥʮʱ䣬ķ籩ƻȻǿȴƽֻ࣬Ҫעһ㣬ܹܿƻǿдгȥġ


1466 籩ɢ
ޣӾķ籩дгȥܿ뿪ŽķΧ
ȻͷŽΧȻڰΧţߵĻʱԻᱻЩΧۡ
ȻЩΧҲܶԾʲô飬ָоǻܲ¶ԽǰԽ࣬ǲģȻǳ߾ֱˡ
ǻȥɡ
У¸ȡȻͨеʱֱ֮ӾͻصѧԺȥûбۼԨǺǿŽ򸽽κ˷֡

ΧԽԽ߾ۼ˹ȻѾȥһ£ΧΧ۵Ⱥȴ٣ԽԽࡣ
ΪӰ켫Ӱ쵽ڵУԣ鿴˷ǳ࣬ٺܶ˶ҪŪףǿѾôˣ
ھķ籩£û˿Կеǿ֮ǰҲʾ壬ֻܵȷ籩ʧС
ľķ籩
˲࣬ȴҲǴڵģǾ彮֮⣬ԾɱЩǿߵʱ
ԣȺҲ𽥴Ϣʾ򣬺ܿΪݣҲʼռ˶˶Ϥ
У˶ǲˬϾŪ壬սУǼصģȴûоΪס
ϾϺܶ౾߶Ѿˣǵ֮ǰѾһаȺռ죬ڲͿˣĻڲͻᵮһͷεа壡
彮ڲֱӳʲôȫ
£ҪɱһͷҪͷΧпõڵ壬սϾʣҲˡ
ҪĻ˹Ǽ϶Ҫһʱ䣬ȵ񼯽Ը񣬿ԨǺӶѾа¼ˡ
Ƿ˿־𾪵ģպֹĲҾ緢ĿܣڲУѾ൱ˡ
˵彮սǱߣһ֮סͷ񣬴Ӷúڻɽ֣ɱͷ
Ĵڣôǹƻģ
˶ڴƬķ籩ɢȥܹ֮˶Ҫеžôһڡ
ֻϧעǿˡ
ķ籩Ȼ뿪֮쿪ʼɢ
ķ籩ɢ֮󣬳ǰģһƬӽտգԭλõ򣬴ʱ˿Ѿȫķ籩ֻʣһЩ̵Ĳ֣ͬһƮƬյС
Ǳ߿˵а壬ǴڴȫӰԭᴩīɫˮҲѾȫʧˣķ籩
Ȼ˵Ԥϡ
أ
ѵķ籩бɵˣ
ⲻܰ
˶о˼˲ٲ²⣬Ҳ˲µǳ˲עˣڴˣȴûκܹ֤ˡ

Ǳߵȥˡ
籩ɢʱѾصѧԺ¸ͺݺСжˣӰӥҲֱһ£˴гصѧԺС
Ӱӥû뵽ȻֱӻˣЩȻҲӦ֮Уûж룬ֱ֮ȥǰȡˡ
ȻǿˣȴҪȥǿҽǿ֮еаȫɵˡȻⲻȫ˵Ĺͣ˵ȻԸĽƽָǵġ
ˣֻ˵żе쳣״ûнӦԻصѧԺ֮޷õġ
˸ոջȻһЩ˵ע⡣
У񸡻ӰȻֱӳǰǿߣޣѧԺѧԺѧԱ
񸡻һĻ˪Ů˪ž˺ϣԼϵ߻ǲģһ֮ǰѾˡ
ǰ˪ǰ
Ķ񣬴֪ԼΪʲô顣
¼彮϶һ£ǴͷβеģѧԺ治ܲѯ
˪ĳЩƣƽҲλϵ죬֪ʱʲô
ɣϸ˵һ£ȻľǴѾ³ˣǵԼ˵һ׵
񸡻ЦһЦȻ˪͸¼˵ĻңжӦøʲôߴ
ѵõɣ
ԣЩΡ
ǿɲ˵ÿ龭ˡ
񸡻΢΢һЦ˫˸ǻ۵ĹâȻڴʲô⣬֪
˵ͷ
óѧԺ̸϶Щ̽ĳɷڣȻˣʲôʵʵ˵ˣԼֶΣѧԺ϶̽òˣûʲôġ
ǣ񸡻˪һ𣬵ѧԺһСڣ֮ǰȫ˵һ顣
֮ǰܵʼҵǿԨǺеȥҪףȻֱа̾ϣ˽ɵ֮󣬾ѧԺԮ
һϵе飬ûκȻԼĳЩܱ֪ǰӰ֮޵ֶΣս϶ͱѧԺġ
ϾֶǰҲûжùл޾ͶùܶΣȻѧԺֶ֪εľԭ϶Ѿ֪һֶΡ
񸡻Ӧǰ˼һˣϾڱֳ츳ǿȫȫ˻ãһ壬ǺǼΪصġ
Ȼټò˵߱黹йģÿһζɺܴˡ
Ҳ֪һЩص飬ҲѧԺ뷨
Էʲôͻشʲôȥһһʮ˵
ãˣɣֵĺܲڽʲô˪ǰŰɣǸȥȡͺá
龭˵һ飬񸡻ĵ˵ͷʾ˪ȥȡˡ
飬ҪľǱǿеаȺǿһȺһĻǲսŹȥҲѽȫ𣬶һѱ䲻©֮ӳȥ
Ծľķ籩ǽȫ壬Щаһӵóȥʡܶ鷳
¼ҪûӦĽҲʵ̫˵ȥˡ


1467 ʴ¹
¸衢ݺŮܹˣһεҪж˲ѧԺˣԲܵõʲôˡ
˸˪ǰѧԺΰеһУȻõ˼ѡһƷ޾Ʒ似򣬵Щ˵ûʲôá
գ˶ѡսŹѫΪεĽÿ˶õǧ򣬼һĽÿ˾Ͷ˽ǧսŹѫ
ǿһˣٶȼֱЩ߶δ׵ǿ߶Ī
и飬Ҫ֪ͨһ¡
ٷֱ֮ʣ˪סˣṩһѶϢѧպǡʴ¹ط͸ͬʱӵеı֮أǿԿһǷμӡȻʴ¹ĽҪﵽؾΪӵԼС磬ֲ̤ԣطǳңǿߣ壬жûκƣױȫˡ
˪˵˵ţһֶȻ٣վȽϵͣǵʴ¹򣬻ǺѻųģһԺúÿȥȥѧԺһ㶼ܾδһµѧԱ룬ȥĻǿԣԼðɡ
ʴ¹򡭡
ʣüͷ΢΢һ壬طȻ干ͬı֮أ
طһľżǰʴ¹趨һЩؿú󱲽ܹ̽õ䴫УΪֹûʲôܹõǰĴУÿһʴ¹˴
˪̾˿ҡҡͷҲûȥǸطһʴ¹ѾǶʮǰˣÿһΣǲʴ¹ģǱ츳ǿߣһеõԵͺп̤뵽εģϾʴ¹ε̫ˣһ㣬п̤񡭡
µǣȻ̤񣬶һܹŻʴ¹֮⣬񶼻פأвʴ¹ڳܿܵǵֹ
˪˵
ôײС
ԣʴ¹Ҳһŵ˽⣬û뵽һͨõı֮أе⣬ѯʵôڽʴ¹֮ǰ֮Ͳ໥
Ͳ֪ˡ
˪ЦһЦʴ¹ΧǺӻƣǺӵʴ¹ľ뵱УǰµĽ磬κеʵᱻѹͨؾĲΣǿ߶⣬ط֣ǿ߶ˣ˵ʲôԸֵط֣
Ȼ磬ʴ¹ر֮ͻʧȥЧ˵ֻдʴ¹г֮󣬲Ż⵽ֹҲѡʴ¹ǰ˵ʴ¹ߣûһԸǰģ
˪˵꣬Ҳ֪ԼĴ𰸡
˵ͷõģǿһҪҪȥɡ
¸ͺݺһˣҲЩصӣʴ¹ֵһȥеΣ˭֪ʴ¹ģΧǿߣżʲô
廷ŵ£ҪñѶȱض󣬸˵лʲô֮壬ûκ壬ʴ¹ˮ׾յİɵˡ
Ԩ塢塢ļ֧ʲôǵĻɫҪʴ¹еõôһϼѣ
߶δ׵ľ磬ǲʲôˣʱ񾳽¾ǽӽ޵еĴڣڣһδףǵȵѧҪʱҲ಻δף¸ͺݺҲδ׶ѡ
Ҫ·һ֪ѶǶ
Ȼӵл޵ֶΣпΣ͵͵ĻһЩôܲʼлްɣһݳĻȻܲ
֪һϢвЩȸУʴ¹ǶʮһεģһΣҪһξûôˣ̫ѵˡ
˪˵ʴ¹дĪԵ㲻ҪõǰĴУҲǿԵõܶ߸һϢӶͻһЩ֮ġ
ƺǸܴĶ
ÿʱʵУڵʵʴ¹Կ˵Ϊһͷ߶δ۷а壬˳æżѸ㶨ʴ¹УôܻĻ᣿
ˣһ㡣
˪Ŀһۣʴ¹УСǲؾ˴ڵģĻ޷ʴ¹УԣӦЩʲôʴ¹֮ڣҲ޷뵽ԼС磬˰ɣ
仰˵ˣ޷ٰ¸ͺݺС磬ȻǸجģҲԣС˵Ļȫһ׾ţʮ׾ʴ¹֮һԶųȫ޵С
ǰƣÿʴ¹಻ˣӲԹ涨˭Խ
˪˵˻֣Ͳ˵ˣҪҪȥԵȵʱ
ţл˪ǰ
˵ͷ
ôңҺϵӡ
˪εЦЦȻת뿪ˡ
벻һ棬Ϊһֱ˪أҲûʲôŮǰͲôʣԷҲ
¸ͺݺŮ뿪
ѧдĸʱ䣬ʱǻŬһΪɣǸպõõһսŹѫȹһЩԴ˵
Ů˵
ԴŮȻǵͷͬ⣬ǱҲ뷨
ܿ죬ѧԺĽģطĶһֱǱȽ϶ĶҲֻжĺöŻõطѧԺѧԱѡ
ÿιҪ鿴һûԼԿսϵⵤҩһֱûʲô֡
һΣԤϣֱӷⵤҩսϷȥ鿴оȻöҩ
öҩ޾Ʒĵҩÿһöǿսĵϳ̶ȣǿ٣͵ÿжˣÿԭ϶٣ҲӰЧ
öһģһĵҩһ۾Ϳˣⶫ˲Ǻܶ࣬Ҫ֪ѧԺѧԱҪսĵģʹﵽٵʮҪɲô׾Ϳõġ
޿սĵģҲԸ⻨ôǮöҩϾÿһöҩֵһǧսŹѫⶼⵤҩ޾ƷܹһЧ


1468 ˫
öҩΪ˫裬βҪ
ҪǣֵҩҪЧ̺Ŵ֮൱һö쾧Ʒ̺֮ͼֵսŹѫˣҪЧ߸սԵϳ̶ȡ
ÿһ˫趼һǧսŹѫ˵࣬ҪãڸսԵϣŵ߼ѣöҩȥܴﵽʮĲˡ
ö˫裬ҶҪˡ
Խĵ˳
ǹ߿һֿһ¸ͺݺѵ˫ֵƣλﶼûʲôսԷõĻڶöЧ룬²̫㣬ȷҪȥ
ˣԷȴֶ֪Ρ
ɬһЦû£ҶˣЧͼ룬ûйϵϾĵҩͦټġ
ʵӵħ֮ĵˣֻҪԱõڶöͬҩЧǰٷ֮ٵģ˿˥ȻͲøǰ֮ˡ
ħ֮ģطǿԴڸ¸ͺݺŮǰ漸ֻҪͿˣͬʱħ֮ģҪľ˼
ǧսŹѫö˫裬¸ͺݺǹһЩҩʹ֮׼ҲԼȥһ
ݳޣݳް
ǽĵĹԱһ˹ö˫裬̲סпҡҡͷ
ô֪˵㲻˷ѣ
ܿ죬ʹŮصԼĸ˿ռ丽Ȼһ£ħ֮ĵڸŮȻԼֻأֻܰǰصڹȥ
ǰħ֮ĵ֮һὫ䴫ڸˣ羻֮һ㡣
ڣ֪ԼĵھĿռЩͼƣħ֮ģǴڸˣҲ޷ĺĿռ䣬ȥӡЩͼƵġ
һħ֮ĸҲûʲô˼ˡ
ο¸ͺݺŮ˵൱εˣкݺŮˣħ֮ģʱܹظĳЩҩЧʽ١
Ůõħ֮ǰصĶЩжر¸裬ûȻطȻиݺͬĴ
¸ܳĸоħ֮ģŮ֪ЧΣûжȥʲôлȥרעˡ
Ҳڵ֪ʴ¹֮󣬲뷨ŮʵԽǿʱһʴ¹ĻܹӱһЩȻҪһǾҪọ̈̄ңŮħ֮ĶʱѾ֮崫ڸǡ
ʱʴ¹п϶壬֮Ի弫ΪƣҪһ²ܹա
Ůȥħ֮ˣǻصԼ˿ռУһƬɽУʼö˫衣
öҩ˵ˣ֮սϳ̶Ƚʩչսĵһǿ
֪öҩսϵһ
žâûȥҲ²⣬ֱӾͷһö˫裬һӿĴ֮ϮȥԼСˡ
ڵҪѶȻǷǳģҪֵǧĴ֮ȫеĴ֮п̤뵽δ׵ĲΡ
Ҳرżܶʱˮɵģ̫żĻ
˫̺ŵĴ֮űܵһ͵ĿսӵҩгԼӿԿսһ˲ͶһЩ
սĵϣҲڲĹ̵У˿õĶڵõʵ֣ϧǣһö˫裬Ȼ޾ҩȴûб౶ЧȻ̫á
ڰ˼ϡ
һ֮һö˫ҩȫգС΢֮һսĵҲһ΢Щʧ
ӵ߼ڰ˼һö˫ȫҩ֪Ҫƾöҩѿսĳ嵽ʮϵĻȥڶöҩҪЧˡ
ҡҡͷҩЧǷ񱬷ȫǺйأһûʲôɻɵģҲû취ıʲô
һö˫ֱ֮ԱȻƾħ֮Ѹܣ֣ԺЩͼӡ֮ܵʱ䶼˺ܶࡣ
ڣֻҪһʱͿˣ⻹ȫܣ
ɼսܵʲô˵Ļʱܹ׻ָˣ˵һܺõϢܹ̾Ϳʼڶö˫ա
ϲǣö˫軹ֱӱЧ
޾Ʒҩ˵Ч治ܺõڵ˵ЧѾ൱ˣΪţսĵϳ̶ȣܹӵڰ˼һԾʮ
Сһ֮һԽСԽѣȻڶö˫ЧСŵĳ̶Ȼֻ൱ڵһö˫һѡ
ȻС簴˵ȷ࣬շԲĻһö͵ڶö˫Ч
ҪСֱĳ̶ȣҪഴ֮ٻҪʮС
ھżϡ
ʮϣ
ܵԼսĵԽԽ룬ڿսĵ࣬ſսЧҲǿ˲١
ʱ䣬˫ȫգȻõԤ֮еһ¿սȭڵЧǰǿ࣡
ţֻҪʮĿսƣ൱ǰһٲսƵЧˣ似ӦЧֲ
˵ʡĹ򣬽ͬһսѵʱ࣡
ǧսŹѫúֵ˵ֽ׶սĵϳ̶ȣЧõģõֱ۵֮սнɡ
㶨֮˾ĺĿռ䵱УڵڶпʼЩͼӡԺУҪ¸ͺݺһжûʲô飬ȥԸЩͼƺˣԺӡһһ

ʮʱ¸ͺݺѾħ֮ط˵һأƾСлõĴ̵˵صĲΡ
ŮǳȵģΪѰط۵ô㹻ˣħ֮ϣȴֻܽأɼطǳطĴڣ
صħ֮ģѾܹȽϿٵҲҪüʱСֽ׶Ҳżɣȥܼ׬ȡսŹѫɡ
һ˵ţŮ㳯Ŵȥ


1469 عǺ
һʱ䣬¸ͺݺͲϵĽһЩѧԺ
Щ񣬴ǱڵҪҪ߳һЩģ˵ҪҲѣرڣ򲻹
ЩԸĶ֣Ǳ塢֮壬塢塢ȵȣЩսʽȽһ㣬죬Դ˶ܹɣ½ࡣ
ȻѰ񣬶˵ķѵʱҲȽ٣һȻÿ˶ֵܷһٵսŹѫ
ǵĶ֣δײεǿߣżҲδײεļһֶԸ֮£նܽȫ㶨
¹ȥÿ˶õǧսŹѫ֮ǰÿǧʹﵽǧ˼һڰǧ
ڼûʲô⣬Ҳûнʲôѣգ˵õһǿСкܹǧռ׼һԶ۵
֮ٸԹһЩ֮϶ܹһصˣôӵĳǵȫȶ磬Ҳʲô
չĻʴ¹ʱӦ̤뵽δ׵ĲΣ¸ͺݺδ׵ΪӦӦȥʴ¹ľ˶û
Ҫǰʴ¹ǵֶαУƾط޾似ܹѡһЩһƷʱѡҲһЩңǿ໥սʤǿĶ֡
˵
¸Щ֣ҪβܵõһƷѧԺҪõһƷҲҪһڵսŹѫ
ͲõˣȥһطǸطһƷʮֶƷѡҷģЩȫǴսźȡõģûκա
ЦһЦ˵ĵȻҪȥһǺˡ
ʱ䣬ǺǱߵĿʱҲˣʴ¹֮ǰһλȥȻȡüöһƷ뿪
Ҳ֪ڵǺӵзչôˣ
Ů֪ҵĲлռ˾۵ǿƿʱܹʱ䣬ʱ㹻ȡһƷġ
Ǿ˵ģҪչɣ벻ȻѾôԴһƷ󶼡
¸¶֮ɫ֪иԼҪչȴû뵽ǸȻӵ˷ḻԴȻһƷôѡʵǳԤϡ
ȴҲо˷ܣΪһƷҲǻûġ
һ˵ѧԺѧԱѧԺĵڶ꣬Ŀ궼ܹһڵսŹףȻһһöһƷ򣬵¸ȴûһ㣬Щġ
ڿҪˣһƷֶѾӵ࣬ԴЩѡ
һƷҪ˵Ҫ򣬰߸츳ͬ¸ͺݺǣҪʱܹˡ
иͨƣϴôͨƣûбȫõ
Щ˹ͨƣԸתóۣǰżȻһļһȻڻʮƿͨƣó˰һƿۣȻ۸񼫸ߣ¸ͺݺŮԳǮˣ
ΪսŹѫ̫ѣͨȴǱȽѵá
ʮƿͨƣǼ仮ģΪܹһƷʱ䶼һأҪȻʱһƷ󣬸ʴ¹ʱõϡ
ʮƿͨƣָҲÿƿѣ࣬Ҳ˸һʱ䣬ҪֱӰһƷȫٻҪʮƿͨơ
ԣǾ͵õѧʱ򣬻һͨϼܣʮƿӣܹȫ˲źãΪˣǱ׼սŹѫ
˵ʮƿܹ֮ͨ˰ǧսŹѫ˼Ҳʣ¸պһڵսŹѫˡ
ȥҪǧͷǿߵСк۵ǧӣǲٵġ
ңȥʱ䣬ǿԽѶȸߵѧԺÿܵõǧսŹѫ
ʴ¹ĿѧԺѧ֮ڽÿʼͲ֪ˣʱ䣬˪˶Ǻġ
ѧԺѧ֮󣬾ͿԿʼ׼ǰʴ¹ڵķλȥΧǺӵפȴʴ¹ʽ
ԣǻ㹻ʱ׼
ʱ䣬ǺӦò쿪ˣ˾ͽһɵص彮Ǳߣս񣬸ɵͷ֮̿ȥ˵һǺԭѪǡ
ڵѪǣѾ֣ΪѪսţǰǺӣͱĵ۾פˡ
ǺӸ彮֮ӴȻѪǸġ
Ů֪ռݵľҲֻгʱþ۵ǿᣬʱ֮ʱģᱻκ˷֣ĸ֪ܹܿ
Ǹ֮ûлȥѧԺǵѪǸҵһսŵפأȻǸط׼ǧͷСк۵
սűҲչĶһԳôģһֻսսʱ򣬲ŻôСкһǻᱻսԼյģ䵽ͷ
ˣǱóôСкʱսǿ߶̫ţΪ͵͵ǰսմǿСðߡ
ˣڵĹһսǲڵġ
ԣץ
һѫ˳Ⱥ˲֪ݣһȫùޱȣû˸ٶ˵仰׷ЩСкȥȥˡ
յóĽһǧʮСклٸСк
Ск۸Ƚϸߣյóļ۸ǰǧսŹѫҪ߳һЩϾһѫµӵߣսŲܿġ
õ˰ǧսŹѫ֮ŮطѡһЩ쾧֮
ܹʣһڰǧܹ˰ǧĴ֮ȫ̤һصˣһʺܴĻѣһȴǲС
磬Ͼߵĸ
Ȼ˱ѪǸʱֵյЩ֮һߵȴŮ֪Ծ۵ʱ֡
ʱ֮һصʱڱ֪ˣϾŮֻ֪˶ʱĸ֪ĸ֪
ȥɣ
ڴ̤˻عʱ֮С


1470 Ǻ״
ǺӵУ
ȻڣСסѪ򣬷չҲǾû˿Ļҷ
ͨʱʱѪʱһͷӭӣʱǰһ
СǻˣΪҪѧԺѧŻء
ѪһЦʮ͵ģ˵úݺˣǼͺݺԻи¸ʱ΢Щɻ
λǣ
Ѫѯʵ
¸裬ѧԺʶĺѡ
˵Ϊ׼ǰʴ¹ԣһѡһһƷ
ʲôʴ¹򣿡
Ѫɫ΢䣺ⶫҲȥ᲻̫Σһ㣿ֻ֪ߣֻǰյ룬ϾѧԺˡǣΪ㹻𣿡
зִģһƷ򣬿϶óȻǰġ
ݺĸ첲ԣȻЦŶѪ˵
£ѧҪ˰ɣҪһƷ󣬻ܡ
Ѫҡҡͷ˵
Դˣ˵ûж˵ʲôûнб粵ΪûбҪϾǺֶܶζ߱û˵ġ
˵ħ֮ĵܹҩԼͨĸã
㹻ͨƣãһƷҪ֪ͨƵЧǻ᲻ϲ˥ģƿ֮󣬻ϾͲʲô̫Чˡ
Ȼǣħ֮似ȴ֮ͨƣȻǻᱣȫЧ
ȻûҪѪ˵ˣϾħ֮Ҫı¶ҪջǺֽ׶εǺ˽⣬СһǺбҪġ
ȵѧѧԺ󣬾ͿһֱǺУһЩˡ
ǺҲʲô⣬ʲôǿߵĹطǱȽεģʱڣ˶ܹȵĽսࡣ
ǾһˣǺ뿪ǰ彮Ǹսȥµ񣬸㶨֮ٹǱʵսϣǺ˵ʵɿ졣
Ҫ֪ǺߵԴѾǼḻˣǴ֮̫жԽϵ̫֮綼Ҫõöࡣ
ңĹܹ־Եİκ
¸裬ݺǰѾӰ̵ʮöаɣȻڶ۷壬ֻܽӡԲΣҲ㹻ˣǺкʵһ
¸ͺݺ˵
ԼҲ޽֮ӡͿս׼ӡԼʮöʮߣ޾Ʒ似۷ĲΡ
ĸΣܿӡĸεȥ˽ݱ˸̳ЧʺЧȽϵͣö֮似Ʒ½
Ʒ½һʱ飬еһθ̵ʱ򣬱˵ЧĻû̫ģֻˣٴνи̴ȥпһЩˡ
ǲƷ½⣬ʱЩˣٹĦһϵ似ԭͿˡ
ڣԼδ似似ֻԼϡ
¸ͺݺȻʱ䣬һö似ҲֻҪһʱˣ˸Իһʱ䣬ȴǺ˿ʼ޾Ʒ似
һʼ˵˵ġ
Сսܲѡʱ֮Է޾似ѡһƷ󣬾ΪˣܹӹǱߵõ޾Ʒ似
Ҿȥ׼һ£һöһƷڱĻֻöһƷˣʮöƷǿģһѡɡ
Ѫ˵
ţá
˵ͷҲġ
ϾǺе˻ǺܶģرΪ˾в٣²⣬һƷˣӦþˡ
Ӱ첻Ǻܴ󣬹ؼǻʣöһƷ໥ǷܹϣܲѡһЩƷϣҪ
ѪǰϢҽһǺеĴ
ڵǺӵУҪкü
Ѫĵ۾ţһܹһң۾ڳ׾ɱ䣬ϾʱڣѪŵ˶õ˲ٵԴѸ٣Ѿһ̤ؾУԼС硣
סİ壬ߵĵڶ࣬ʮдܶ࣬սģҲˣǧѾ̤ؾʵѪŲಮ١
ľϹӰԱȻڲ˵ǾϹӰˣӦ˵ǺӵĹӰ飡ܹҲһٶˣÿ˵ʵǿǶ̫أһЩϵ̫֮Ҳõ˺ܴٶλ׵ĲΣʮѾһδδףɺ˾ԪףѾĶδ׵ĲΣǱΪߡ
Ƿֱϴ۾ţԶһңǸѪСǺӣҲǰӪկʼͷչ㹻Դ£۾ŵķչҲ൱Ѹ٣ȻȲѪĵ۾ţҲѾг֮һ̤ؾĲΡ
УϴǱ壬ǺˣǸԵĵ۾ųԱȫԸӸ˼뵽Ǻӵ
ڣѪ䡢ϴ顢ףѾ߶δ׵ĲΣǸո̤뵽ΣСסۺսŲٵĲࡣ
С׺ˣǺʵ˵ǱȽĴڣΪ˱ʵǿᣬȴûʲôӾϳĹӰһٶˣʵҲǲȥģǵɺ˾Ԫڹ
ڵСף˾ڷѾ˼Ҫ̤뵽ľ磬ȻϣãΣҪϳԲеġ
뵽һƷǷʲôЧ
֪ԳһͿʼµһƷȥˣϾһƷǴ鴴ֶΣӵϢ
Щ֮⣬ĵģԭдˣڻѾȫǺӵУ
šϦ衢濵ȵȣȫǺУȫš
иϢǣ֮ǰڱСкȻö


1471 
ööǺһöǹǼ亱䱦ǱǿߣͺݺĿռ侫ͺͷСкУܹö
˵öˣҪ֪˪߶δ۷壬Ѿӵöˡ
֪ǵõöһöԼ֮ͨһöǸ˹ɣ˵֮ͨ󣬱üǿ
һöǽϦѾͷ֮ͬͨС
һ£Ҫսģ˺֮ͨʩչкĵЧܹ״̬һдĹͨڳ˹ͿϵֶΡ
ҪǿռԺԪԵģҪɾ͹ϵóľǸֽܶͨҲǽͨԼΪǿ뺮ĵͨͬǸһϵеĿЧ൱
ϦӰԵģͨ˹֮󣬱ˣԼĵҲԴ߶ѷϵȫյ֮ˣ
˵ս˵õ˺ܴ
ڣšҲǺӵδȥǣΪѡһЩ֮̾Ҫ뿪ˡ
ͺݺ¸ŮѪĴ£һеĹУ뿪Ǻ֮һġ
չ󣬵ҪǺеԴԴڴˣУʮҲģܹ񣬲ᱻκţЧ١
Ѱķ󣬶ڴؾǿ˵ǲҪģΪСȻȻ۳ϣǲȱġ
ṩȻıʿǻָˡ
ˣѪ磬ǧײεǿߣǶһЩ顭
룬ǰѪ˵һ顣
Щ˾ԼСеģϧǣҪʴ¹ĻЩǲܹȥģʱ鷳ˣȽǺӵС
Уλǰ֮УʦڷҲк衣
ְ˽һ£ȻǰСǺţС׹ӭһ¡
Ѫ˵ⷬʱǰһ
˵Ǻӵķչ൱ҪģڣǧףԼˣ߶Ǽǿ
Ҫ֪Ѫ䡢ϴˣȻ˸ԵľŹ˵ľŵУܹĴһ𻹲һǧˣ
Ȼ࣬ҲǸո̤ؾģλףλ׺λ׵ĲΣ׻һξ롣
׺Ѱ׵սȫһϵġ
ǧǿߣȻǻδȫָʵһָܹʵʱ򣬽ǿǺӽһʵ
ʱҪЩ˶뵽Сеԭˣֻϧʱ̫ڽţǧʿûܹȳܹѾǴﵽԼļޡ
ôҪŵĻø˹ˣѪһ˿ɲУڣС׹
һƷ󣬵ûճЩˡ
ܿ죬Ѫ֪ͨ£СѸٵ˵ʱǰһ
СӣȻϼһˡ
Сһ룬ȴɫŵЦݣˡ
˼СףʱһСӣҲԼȻ˼Сӹǿ಻ɣ
ǱǿˣҪȥ϶벻ǰҲСӣܰˡ
С׺ٺһЦⷬ˭ΪãʵϣҪСԹȥĻ治һܰʵЩ޵ˣǺ֮ĿǰǱȽġ
ΪѾطͲ彮С
ңط䰲֮ǰ߰ȫҲѾ൱λҲˣõУ㹻Դ϶ȫ٣
Ҫ֪ǿǵһԶżģеõ֮ģԴҲõ٣˵øʬǣսܲȥһһϻ
ʦ֣ʦȴû˸վġ
ô˵һʦûУЩʦˮƽôܹƳ̫żսͺ˲ˣ޾ս
ԣе϶ţ˹֮Щﾡˡ
ȻˣСӣ㲻ϹˣСףϷȥѡ츳СӣҪúӰˡ
˵ȻͷǺһЦǵ˵ĻûϷ򿴵۵ģ͵øϷѧϰ
⻰Ϊƣǵ˵ͷĺˣҪѧϰҲڣٵõǴʴ¹˵
Ȼ㻹ӦΪء
˵ͷ˵Ҳ֪츳ǲǺֵУ츳㲻Ƕ⣬Ҳ˶ˡ
ȻǺӣ˾ͿʼΪˣǿǶĲҲǶǺĲΡ
ȻƢЩŹ֣ǴǻǷֵģûô
ţС׾ʹ˳ȥѡȥˡ
ǰǧʿСη˳ȻǶѪİţȥǺҵԼס½һסȺҿԶסһ
Ѫ뷨Ҳ൱׵ģЩˣʱǣһǺӵĳ򣬽һȺܹһǳء
ǧ˵Уȫָ˲Ųһ룬ʱʺս֮ĶʱڻǵԻָΪЩѾȫָǵľҲ⵽˼ǿĴݲУǾͲǶʱָܹˡ
Ȼܿͻȥá
Ѫ˵꣬Ȼߵǰȥȡѡˣʴ¹ζʲôԣ»Ϊӵġ
ϾҪһĻãݺء


1472 ѡ
ܿ죬ѪͰʣµöһƷ򣬻ʮöƷȡ˹ͺݺ¸˽ѡ
Ѱ˵ǶƷ󣬶ǼǿĴڣսУҪһһöƷҲǧսŹѫ
ԼǴӾ۵ĴеУһжƷΪʮΣǸȽϼߵĿֶΣܶʱսжɲóϾҶθˣֵþʵ
֮ǰʱʮεֶΣöԷþУȻŶԷʵ֣ԼСС
ѾǺ֮ǰʱˣֽ׶ĶֶǴףҶǳδ׵ǿڣҪ֮ǰѶСиͲʵ
ԣһȻǶƷ󣬵ҲѾܾûжùˡ
ҪĻǿֱ˦ôһѶȥ˵ܹסֺܾõģԼǴһ֮оҪͻһеͬߣҪʱһʱʱ䡣
ѡʱ򣬿԰ʮҲȥûܹϵġ
ţű¸ͺݺŮһ𣬶ѪóЩ鿴ѡ
öһƷ
鿴ĵһöһƷΪǧꡱһһƷ󿴽ҲһпֶΣܹǧ֮ţֵĻǽס
ǱʹŶԷ޷κֶζ޷ʩչ˵ȫסˣһƷֻԸһˣҲͬʱԸǧˣԸԽ࣬ЧԽĳʱԽ̡
ֶΣҪġ
ֻҪֿܹסôͿԲϵӿսƣȵһٲսƵʱƻȫԻɱԼĴڡ
Ȼʴ¹УҪԵģ嵱еǿڣÿһضţƽʱҲܹԽսʤֵǿߡ
Ҫɱ߶δ۷Ĵڣѡ
һ£ȥս˭ʤ˭
Ȼû͵زԣǧһһƷ󣬾ǲֶΣ򲻹ԷסһʱֱҲǿԵġ
ô˵Ҫǰʴ¹ΣԷǳߣȥĻԼڡ
ԣҪȥ֮ǰȫ׼С
ǧһ֮⣬һöһƷУŵһΪʵ򡱣ƾֶιһʵʵķΧܹﵽʮľ룬졣
ʵУĹ߿ʱؽʵ֮תʱ򣬿ԼתΪ״̬Ǿ൱ĻˣֻԭֳһõӰѣܵκʵԵ˺
ԼʵĹߣܽʵκδڶʵתһЩЧ൱ˣھЧƻǵԼ˲֪ڹ⿴ܣǺᵽǿ֮
ȵʱ˵Ч
ʵǧ˭
ֱӾ˾ģһƷ϶ҪģԼѡһǧ꣬ݺ¸趼ûʲô̫ƣһƴҲûʲôƫ򣬾ͿŮҪѡˡ
ȿƷɣĻһһƷʱ䣬㹻жƷˡ
¸һЦ˵ûʲôƷȽϺʵģʴ¹УֶλǵԽԽá
ţҲԡ
˵ͷ
Ůȥ鿴ƷˣԴͲˣֶ㹻ģҪôֶΣȰʵ˵ˡ
ûãŮһѡöƷ򣬾¸¸жƷٶȿ϶ͺݺһһƷҪٵġ
жƷ󣬶ڸǿĶսУȽܹӳЧֶΣ¸ŻѡС
һЩȺ幥ֶΣʴ¹иܲκãͱȶҪϣȺĻƻͣܲκЧˡ
ܹҪö
Ѫ״ΪƣööɣϣҪȻĻǺеĴһܻܵӰˡ
Ȼô˵Ѫ䵱ȻĸҪһЩģ¸ݺҪǰʴ¹ֶβĻ϶ֻ·һ˵С
һʴ¹УֿҲûУĻöҲ൱ȫˣõûʧ൱ء
Ѫȥֿܡ
һ˵ݺһȻǲԸȥһ棬Сƺûʲôʱʧεʴ¹򣬲ĻһѲŶԡ
ͶЩһԸ뷨ˣʵϣڿԼ᲻ʴ¹⣬ȻмߵΣգҲҪǰһ˵ġ
ѸһܹһЩô·һ·̹;
ҰĿǺصģɲ߶δ׵Ĳοôʱ䣬һӶṳ̂
һǿ
õǣƺʴ¹ĿҲһǰ
ҪȫǿԸһжһҲһˣҲȥ϶ԷĺȣΣǵõʱٿˡ
ڣѪҲֻ˵ܵ룬û˵һȥϾһֱڱչһƷ󣬻ûǷǰʴ¹ľ
̵̤ôȻǲǰʴ¹ˣȻԲߣվпܵģҪ֪츳ԶԶѧԺеĴˣĻʮ֮˾Ż̤ģֻʱ⡣
Ȼ֪ôʱЩģȻѡ˾ͲҪڣʴ¹УһҪʱעⰲȫԼΪϣ𣿡
Ѫ˵ʵǺݺϾݺųãݺʲô⣬Ŀ϶ǳʹࡣ
Ҫȥˣ׷˵Ŀ꣬ʴ¹ĻᣬҪòأȻлǰȻǲܷˡ
ǾٶһЩվͻϺܶࡣ
˵ͷȻ֪ΣԣôҲģǵʱʵԤ̫ԶĻǰʴ¹ȫûҪȥˡ
ʱڣԼ˻õܴ
ѡЩ֮˱ʱ뿪Ѫ䣬ȺǧǿߣǰǺеĳȥԼľסˡ
ȥһ˰ɣر֣ǰ׼һЩҩҲǺõģ֮ǰһʱ䣬ǵĵҩ˰ɡ
Ժݺ¸˵ţȻŸոѪõֵ˵ס˹ȥ


1473 ˼Ѫ
һҵŵˡ
ڣšˣǺаϾ֮ǰһʱ䣬սõ˺ܴսҲѾ൱ḻǷȱľΪˡ
ڣǺԴΪḻŵҲ׷̤뵽ؾĲΣϣһˣҲѾλ׵Ϊˡ
ǿģϦ衢濡ɣͬѾǴ׵ĲˣҲֻһδףǸոõġ
šˣ඼λ׵ӣϾ㹻Դǵ츳ɵľܹҲѾﵽλ׵ĲΡ
ҵֵʱѾ˺ܾһֱӾ
磡ڻˣЩҩܾˣȥɡ
ֱӰһЩҩ
ȡһЩҩ۵һöһö쵤ҩ˼Ѫöҩ֮ǰʺʯƶɣԭѾƳö쵤ҩöùˣ˰ӰĺͿռĵϳ̶ȡ
һöʥ쵤Լڵõö˼Ѫûж
ʥ쵤Ǵʴ¹кܿõˣħ֮ʥ쵤ĻֻҪʱܹ㶨ˡ
˼Ѫܹڿٳ˼Ѫ˼Ѫһ˲䱬ǿսֶΣһЩ˺
Ƴˡ
΢΢һЦö쵤ҩУö˼ѪƵģҪĲҲ࣬ҲǺ֮󣬲ܹöҩƲϣƳҩһЩѰҩƽӦõϡ
˵ͷˡ
֣ȷǷǳмģ˵ԷнĳɾͣȫǿܹΪ룬ȷǺ˸жġ
Դˣȴûж˵ʲôȻҲûڴиĻӦ
ϰߣ֮ľ롭
鿴һ£ָԼĵҩУö˼Ѫ֮⣬дŶʮö޾ƷƷҩǴĻָĵҩ
ңƵЩָҩԭҩһһָҩ߷ȥ֮ЧǴ̼ߵĵ;ܹΧѸٵӶѸٻָ
ֵҩЧǿҳʱǳһöԱָǿȵָٶٰʱʱ䣬ӳ޾ҩıЧǳʱ佫á
ʱָٶʮĵҩǼĴڣϣǴûмƵĵҩѧԺҲûм
ΨһϧֵҩΨܹãΪĺݺֵҩûκЧϾҩ̼ĵ
ȵѧԺѧͿԻˣ֣пܵĻҸ൤ϻãܹƳõĵҩǺⷽķչȫˡ
˵
İ磬Ҳ츳ֵܽǣҪȱһЩҩ֮սסǵķչ磬ϣȱĻҩһսء
ֶЩ˼˵Ҫ󣬺ȻЩ˼
ǲʲô鷳ģԵ˵ͷȻˣˣ֮ǰ档㣬ˣǺеճ裬㹻ˡ
ǱȽ˵Ҫطҵ߱츳ĺ󱲣Ҫѧϰ൱ˣڣоǺе˻ǺܶģϸǿСеǣҼ߱츳˲ţӦòѡ
츳ҲǶ⣬ҪҶĻûôףҪҵε˲ţǿĲŶԡ
͸ָˡ
صǺҪ飬ѾȫˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
صѧԺ֮ȳһһƷ߶ƷǷһ°˼Ѫ˼Ѫ֮󾿾ʲôЧ
ƻ˽ȥ飬ݺ¸赱Ȼûʲô顣
ŮҲҪҸطһ󣬺ݺҪǧ꣬¸ѡĸƷҪʵ
Ķͬʴ¹УܹӳЧġ
СסѪǸԸ֮źݺ¸裬صʱڴȻ˾۵УŮ֪ҵĲлУܹ
ÿʱ䣬Ů´Զżʱɣʱ򣬶ԶżУȥѹͷһʯ
µóǺеһǿ߲ܽˣ
Ǻ̤ΣʱܹϾǶһʯ׸ɵˣҪȥӡ֮ġ
߱ܵģȻˡ
ڣûиһ뿪Ӧǵȵºʱгǰʴ¹
Ǹʱʴ¹Ӧûûʽ˶ΧǺ׼أʱҲ̫
֪Ĵ㣬Ѵﵽ߶δ׵۷壬̤Ļ̫ʵˣԣҪͻƾ̤
һƷڽеһԡ
Уǰʴ¹ѰһԵ˵ʴ¹ĵطҲ̫ΣյģϾǿ˵ҲǶĴڡ
ֻҪ̤񣬵ûκδڻĶ֡
Ů֪Ҵ˸кŮ뿪Ǻӣ彮֮󣬱֮ͨǰܵǸ򣬿ռ䴩ԽصѧԺС
Ȼ˸ԷֿصԼĸ˿ռС
صԼĵ̣飬Ҫð˼Ѫˡ
ö쵤ҩ֪Լãû뵽мôã⻹ֵ£ҪȻĻ˼Ѫ쵤ҩѧԺĽĶǺѼġ
ѧԺĽУһЩ쵤ҩڷţˣԼǺܴ󣬻仰˵ôʺԼϾÿһͬսķͬÿһ쵤ҩҲֻʺһȥõġ
˼Ѫ¶ǣ̾͸оһɻȵԼڲߣԼħ֮ĵУȻ𽥿ٳ˰Ѫɫ
⣬ǰ˼ѪѪɫʱûбͨģȫǱ״̬ӲʲôЧ
ѵҪͨѪ
δùƵĵҩƵҩڿٳʲôЩãȻͬʱЩ棬߶ȥͨѪɫˡ


1474 ˼Ѫ
ȥԴͨǰѪɫʱܵһʹڴ
Щɻѵ˼ѪӦȥͨ
ܸоǿȥͨѪɫЩõ鷢ʱͣûȥǿдͨȴԽԽˡ
˼ѪڵˣȻȴ޷ͨô£
ѵҪʲôܽͨ
Ҫʲôܽͨ
ԼҪ˵ǿдͨĻͨʱȫ¶һּʹĸоֲԤУ˼ѪӦòȥͨĲŶԡ
ȻԼо͵ȥʱ˲ˣѧԺôţļӦҲвٰɡ
ţ뿪Լĸ˿ռ䣬ѧԺϿȥ
ѧԺһǳΰĽвнģÿѧԱĸ˿ռ䣬кܶططѰ˺ȥĵط
ҪȥϿ⡣
ѧԺϿУ˶֪ĶֻдﵽεĴڣʸ֪飬ںܶ壬ĳЩʷںܶԶʱڵĴڡ
ѧԺϿ⣬ǵãиѧԱһֱв鿴ģѧԱ˳ΪӡڣҸļһѯһйذ˼Ѫ顣
ܿ죬ѧԺϿſڡ
һĹռ䣬ҪѧԺѧԱʾƲܹС
ȻǳͨģʵϣѧԺĳǰǣϣܹϿвһЩģƽʱһ㶼ò֪ʶǺõģЩ˵ܶණǹĿġ
ԣǰͲѧԱϿҶȻʲôȽϸߵżˣֻҪѧԺѧԱܹϿҶ
ȻϿ⵱лǷֳɺܶġ
ѰѧԱֻڵһнйĦЩмصĶҪǰڶ㣬һЩص飬ֻڵһĵ㹻ĶС
ˣֻаѵһĶڻͨˣʸǰڶ㡣
úܶѧԺѧԱ²۵ĵطϧǣѧԺǰ˹涨Ҳûκΰ취ֻܹչ롣
ĹأǱǸˡ
ѧԺУֻһǻѴʱϿġ
ҪҪϿи߲ϣֻܸЭˡ
뵽Ͽ֮չǰһƬһ޼ʵɫԭڲԭϣÿһξһöƮڰ֮УԡһƬʥ֮С
öϷʥ֮Уһ㶼дһЩ֣עöмŵʲô
ȥɫԭһͷһ򣬾Ͳ֪жöҪȫ꣬ô˵Ҳúüʱ䣡
ϾÿһöصĶǳжȻһ۾ͼסˣҪ⣬ĳЩؼ֮ҪһЩʱȥ˼ġ
ѡ˾Լһö򣬿һϷʥе֣ŵйĳ顣
飬ȤֻǴ㷭һˣ֣ܿҪԽЩ򣬾ȻҪ֧սŹѫ
ǰöҪĵսŹѫʹﵽ˶ʮĿ˵̫ˣһĻϿһУЩҪȫһ飬¾ҪʮڵսŹѫ
ӣôһֱϣң˵Ѿһȫ鿴ˡ
Щȣȥʱ䲻㣬ʮڵսŹѫģ
ڵܲ⣬֪ܿˡ
ƺǲϿ⣬һ΢ЩֵӰǰߣЩü۵ӣҪط²ⲻһһϿ⣬֪ʶġӡ
ǣܳѧԺѧԱ֮Ҳˡ
ҽ㿴еѧİɣ
ü۵Ӷһ䡣
ãҽȷǽѧԺ
ԷԱţ֪һȷǴǸˣһﵹǻĺܣһͱһ֪ˣҲ֪ô֪ġ
ѧԺѧ궼ˣŵһϿ⣬һͲǸϲѧϰĺѧԱ
´ӣȻٺһЦʵôʲôϣҵǿԸģӦģȡһսŹѫΪУҲ֪϶ҪսŹѫϵĻҲҪһЩɱġ
˶ԷĻ֪һܹһеȫһģȻҪǮģ
ʵҲѾ²⵽оϵ˲ܶ࣬ҪƾշѣյʮڵսŹѫЩѡ
Ȼһôġ
ңշѿ϶ͣ
Ȼôֱ㶵İԼҪ֪ʳˣҪȻĻǰöԷԼһ٣
ԣֱӰڳ˼֪ü£֪Щ
иѧԺϿУǺв鲻⡣
ٺһЦһ̽Сȡһʯ˲ԭ֮˾Ϳʯϣ
⸱ģǼУһӹû
۾˵һԴ͵ڶʴ¹κϢ̫Ʒѡģڰ˼Ѫϡ壬һƷʵĵáھ۵ϡ
һ˵һüͷ΢
˵֮һۣ˿ۣͯɹƭң㲻˵ߣҪô⣬ѧ˲ңԲԣ
⻰˵ģȻĴһӸˣɼһȻرľ
ҡҡͷЦˣЩȷҪ֪ģֻǲ֪Ҫٴ۲֪һЩڵһҵõҿԼȥڵڶ߸߲Ķֻпֵˡ
壬ʴ¹̫ƷͨϣڵһͿԲĵ˵ǲԼȥЩϣΪЩϣﶼء
󱳿ʯȻָԼԴ˵˼Ѫʵص϶ڵڶ㣬Ҫ֪κһϣһǧսŹѫۣǼڵϣһǧսŹѫ˾ͿԺޱĸ㡣ǰҪĵͨϣ˿Ե͸㣬һһΣ
һ̣
аһ䣬Ȼ֪һۿ϶ܸߣȴû뵽ȻôڣؼǣҪ֪ڰ˼ѪϢֻͨСӲˡ
ⶫϾǼ亱ĴڣѧԺˣǼɺϣҪȻֻܴϿвҡ


1475 
ʵϣڰ˼Ѫʵо۵ϣֻҪ֪һҲǰ˼ѪϢˣҪ
ֻһϵĻôǰҲԸһݣԴʴ¹̫Ʒľѡǰߣ˵ǱȽõģ߾ûʲôˡ
̫Ʒѵľ飬һ˿вο壬˵ο岻Ϊ̫ƷֻһУսǳԽ̫ƷĴڣǱ̫¯̫Ʒ
Ѱ̫Ʒã;˺üˣڣȴһضûоѵģΪˡ
˵̫ƷҲӦþѵôŶԣݺǱߵľ飬ֻҪһֱʹ̫ƷȻȻܹˣߣȴû˹
ԣһ̫ƷѾ飬ȫûá
Ҫôȥҵͬӵ̫ƷǰѯʣΪֹ˭ӵ̫Ʒ֪˵ȥҶԷѯˡ
ô׾ͱҵģ
Ҫѡһ棬Ҳ൱ѵ飬Ͼ鶼ǳ࣬ûôʱ
һ룬ʵǰĵãԼҲõģܴеõһЩʲôӦܹԼʵʱ䡣
¸˵ģѧԺѧԱԸ鿴һЩ似֮ĵãĻܹʱ䣬ӿЧʡ
Ǿˡ
ţһǧսŹѫ˵Ҳ㲻̫ˣһʱ䣬ܼһЩͨƵģϸһµĻʡء
丽Ϣȫֻ˳ˣϾ丽ϢڵһϣԼѼʮսŹѫͿԼȥˣֻǷһˡ
Ȼô˵ҾϾˡ
۾˵Ҫ֪˼ѪϣʵĵáڸϣйԴʴ¹Ͼˡ
˵仰ȡһöѫ򣬽ǧսŹѫ׸
ǮʾͲһˣ˵ͷ˵Եһ£ȥЩϻһ£Ȼһ㡣
˱ŵʯȻһʧӦܵϿĵڶȥˡ
ԭصȴûãٴγ֣ҴҪ֪ķϡ

뿪ϿʱѾ˽ԼҪ˽Ķ
ҪĵȻǹڰ˼Ѫˡ
ڷ˰˼ѪѾ˰˼ѪĳΣ˼ѪȴܱͨϿҪѯһϣЩϲȷϡ
Щϣ֪ԭ˼ѪĴֻͨս״̬֮²ܹУֹͣս֮ͻ±һսвŻõĴڡ
һ˼Ѫ߽ս˼ѪȻȻ𽥴ͨսʱԽս̶ԽǼң˼ѪͨľԽࡣ
ÿͨһ˼ѪܹӳĻܷһ˼ѪȫͨôߵĻᷭϰ˱
൱һ磬ܹսʤһĶ֣
ֵעǣ˼ѪĴ򿪣ߵС綼СӰ죬У˼Ѫ򿪵Խ࣬ߵܵķɡ
˼Ѫȫͨ£ֻսһʱ䣬Ҳߵױ
СӰ͸Ԩ˼ѪκһѪÿͨһΣߵСоͻһѪɫѺۣѪɫѺۻСյУΪռѷ죡
Ҫռѷ죬ҪĲٵĴ֮С
˼ѪȫͨĻɵİѪɫѷ죬Ҫһö쾧ƷĴֲܹ֮Ҳ˵൱ǧսŹѫ
ȫͨһΣǧսŹѫģǴͨһ˼ѪҪһö쾧ƷĴֲ֮Ǿˡ
ȫǮ
Դ˸оΪʹģڰ˼ѪѾڣҪҲûа취ˡ
ڣȻ޷ð˼ѪͨȴԿƲð˼ѪͨڲҪ˼Ѫ£ѡ񲻴ͨ˼ѪͲСˡ
֮ܶ˼ѪǸĶرǶ˵ֻҪһãҲǶС˾㹻ˡ
ڶˡ𣿷ħ֮ڣ˸ûκӰ죬ʱܹȫָˡ
˽˰˼Ѫ֮ⶫһ˽⣬Σǲ̫ҪԣϾһ¾սŹѫʵĲ
˼Ѫ֮쵤ҩǶѰ˵ģǶЩѾﵽ۷˵ġ
ڵһЩ
Щǿߣ緽Ѿѵõˣһӵа˼ѪĻսѹסͬ۷徳ǿڣӶӵиǿս
ӵа˼ѪսаѰ˼ѪȫĻ¶ܹǿ߿һʱˣǰ˼Ѫá
ڶ˵ҲǸʴ¹һд˸ıϣڽʴ¹֮ǰ̤뵽δ׵Ļʱ򣬻˼ѪȥԿĳЩ߶δ׵ǿߡ
Ѫ䡢ϴ߶δǿȥԸֻ߶δ۷壬һ˻ǲܶԿģⲻǻ⣬ԭ
⣬ʴ¹УǿĴ֮أҲ̫ȡ
˫Ķһʲôͻɲұ֤ܱ֤İȫ
Ȼֲ鿴һйһƷʵĵãⶫ˵ǱȽҪģǼһﻹ㿿ףʮʵĵá
˵ҪһǧսŹѫĶʵһƷҪʱ̵ԭһ룡
츳һƷʵ򣬻Ҫʱ䣬ͨƣһƿͨҲ͵ֵµʱѣʡһʱĻܹʡƿͨƣ
ǾǧսŹѫĶˣЩʵĵã˵൱ģЩϹĻֵá
ʣµľˡ
һйԴ⣬һйʴ¹ϸϡ
ǰǰһ⣬ҸԺҲ϶йϵϾϻг˱֮ʥЩǾ۴ġ
ǰʱ˵ˣ˵壬ǴĳżеģǸżԴʥ͸Ǹżйء
ǼʥǰżĻܾܿͻᷢʲô飬Դ˻ǺܺģϣҲΪĿһ顣
֮üͷ


1476 
ϣѧԺҲǼ˺ܶģҷֳ˺ü飬һöС
ҪǹԴش¼ʷ档
ĶҲǱȽĵģЩϣ͸оЩ֣ԼҪеʥȥȾָǴеĹżѶȻ൱ġ
Դ⡣
棬Ҳ˲ϣǽӽʵģڼǧǰ廹Ծϣ۱֮еһٮٮߣǸʱ廹δ
ͻȻĳһ죬һνĹżУͲһι񼶱ıǴαУ嵮ˣͬʱĻиʥ
ոյ֮壬֮伫ΪŽᣬ塢塢塢塢ȵȣȻ࣬Ҳ֪ġ
ΧżЩѸٶţ˺üԭڸ壬ĽҲЩռ˲ȥ
ǿһزڷ˷ѣ塢塢ȵȣֱ˳Ϊ˸ͬ塣
Ҳֻ£۲ҵ˻ᣬЩʥһһ˳׷ռΪУ壬Ѿѵ壬ʱҲѾ
Ǳͻ֮䣬Ѿ˺ܴĳޣ޲ɵͣ˫ҪöԷء
ʥﱻᣬȻǷǳŭҲû໥Ͼʥ˵Ҳֻʣ¼ˣֻǰ嵮ʥ֮㱻ǿˣҲʲôʧ
ǣ˫ĳȴǻԹѾã໥߲ҪϣͨҲǲԸԷϵġ
ö֮ҵ£ʥ㱻۸ռˣҸҲûᡣ
ϣȻܹ뵽徳ڣĽдˡ
ں𣬾Ϊǿ֮һֱ飬йоûйļأֻ΢һΣûκϸڸ֪
ֹĺģѧԺϿУǲмصģһǳΪĵʱȻѧԺϿϤģȷһδ֮ա
ƾڵ֮ܵй
ķ࣬ѧԺ߼صǣ嵮ܹ֮ʮ壬ͻЩڣڲì£վֻʣ塣
塢塢塢塢塢ľ壬У塢ͻ壬彮ñȽԶżҲ·鷳
ʲô֮ǰҲ֪һ㣬ر
ڴЩеȫŪˣ֮⣬Ѿֱ塢塢Ӱ塢塢塢塣
嶼Ѿȴ˵е壬ΪӾ۵ľĽ統У֮ǰҵʥһö˸׹
ϣʥѾսߣǻʣöʥģʥ֮⣬ͻл塢塢塢ľʥ
ʥʲôط֪˵Ͽûκ֪
ʲô֪Щʥ䣬ҲҲ϶˻
ҲΪȱöʥԾ۲ûȥѰҹż֮üΪȻȱʥԭΪԼѾ˵ģڿҪѰǹżȥԵô׵顣
ҡҡͷûж룬ԼȽңԶڴʮöʥҲǰǹżģҪ֪ǹżִ彮λãǵطǰδģ֮ս֮ء
˵ǰˡ
ûоʵǰֵطֻˡ
ͬսսһǹżڴ֮ս
չǺӸһƬƽ򣬸໥֮ƺûбʲôͻӦǩĳЩƽԼҲǺӵ嶼ñȽϰȫҲȽƽʺǱ
鿴ǹʴ¹ϡ
ʴ¹ϼҲ٣ⶫڼʮǰһСĳνз֣ȻϢΧϰٸȫ֪ʴ¹ĴڣоͰ塣
Լһʮ壬ʴ¹չᣬϾĴ֮أ˭ҪΪУֻҪһ̤뵽ĲΣʾͻͷϣ
ǳֹܿͣˣΪǰʴ¹򸽽Ǻӵǿ߷֣ԼΪǿѹͨؾĲΣεĳǿߣпǺӵУһЩؾؾļһɱ
øǿ߸ܵ˺⣬ǻһԼʴ¹ǹκ֮󣬲ö˷ƣֱʴ¹Ĵż֮
ʴ¹ĵص㣬λھ彮ļңԶĵط
磬Ǻӣĵ彮ǺɣÿһǺжƵ
Ǻ֮ϣһǾ
ǺǺ֮ȫȫգ֮䣬ͬǳ׵գƬշΧӹö࣬ǿзϰ꣬һܹһƬ
塢塢塢Ԩ塢ȵȣЩ壬ͬһƬУƬƺΪ򡱡
Уܹʮռеĵ̡
򸽽򣬡ɳ򡱺͡򡱣ʴ¹Ǿ֮䣬ƬΪյУ¶ƮǺӺʴ¹ż
ʴ¹ÿʮ꿪һΣǿ൱Ƶżˣÿʴ¹ΧУܹһʮǿ߲μӣ嵱ȻҲС
Ҫǰʴ¹򣬵ǲѣǸط꣬߶дţǿߴʱֱܹǰʴ¹򸽽ǺӵС
Ҳֻǿߣܹ˺յǿʱմ
鿴֮ⷬӸоֻƫһСطˣ彮֮⣬磬Ҳܹ˽⣬Ϊʲô˵˺ܳʱûˡ
Ϊ彮еλãڿԵĵط
Ϊˣ֮󣬾ֻҪһ幥Ǿս򣬶彮֮޾գ
ڸ˲֪پ֮⣬δ֪ߣֻ֪ǴǱģȫ˽ˣ˳ҪǰһƬ̽ߵһͲòˣΪ򲻶ǰйȥһصʱѷ죬޷ͨС
ҲΪˣŻľޱȵأ֮̽鲻ʲô


1477 ߼
ϿصԼ˿ռ֮󣬾Ϳʼ֮ǰһЩ֮еĴ֮׼Լ硣
ϾڵȻһδ׵ĲΣЩ֮Ϊˮɣֱ̤뵽˶δ׵ľ磬һ֮࣡
ȻϻƿͨƣϸոյõЩʵĵãڶ̶ʱ֮ڣʵһƷȫ
ܹһЩѧĻһеʹþͻܶĵãʴ¹һž޴İ
δ֮󣬾û˿ͣ٣ֱӿʼϤЩʵĵãϾʮ˵ĵãÿ˶һеʹĵöһһһƷ˽ⲻ̵֮Уʡܶʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ЩĵãȻͿʼ˵һƿͨƣȵһ֮ѹԱõڶƿͨơ
ܹƿͨƣͻʱ䣬Ѿȫõƿͨƣûһ˿һ˷ѣ
ѹʱڷ֣ԼѾһһƷ󣬳׵׵͸ˣ
ûʲô̶һ˵ģҪôûɹʹãҪô͸ͿֱʩչһƷ֮󣬱ѾʩչһһƷˡ
ʵһһƷѰ߾ǲʱɵġ
ӵͨƣӵĵãҲܴﵽ̶ȣҪΪħ֮ģطЧʵ̫죬ܹڵҩͨһƣͣʹ÷ͬҩһƿͨƵʱ򣬲ᷢЧ˥
Ҫǻˣͨٶ࣬Ҳֻܽʡһʱ䣬ֻܴﵽЧ֮ǰʾ֮ģѾ˺ܶͨƣڼãаٷ֮ٵЧûκ˥
ֽ׶ʵȻڡ
ƣҲǾ۵Ϊ۷ı֮һľۣûаطκ˵ģǹϵΪܵ£ʹ
ʹʹǣֻѧ˾ľƿذˣھ֮塢ħ֮ĵȵȣûġ
ڣǰħ֮Ĵڸ¸ͺݺҽӦûὫ䴫ڸǺеˣΪطرħ֮ģߵսʵ̫ˡ
ҪǿǺӵۺʵħ֮طռͿɣɼЧγɫ
ҪҲⶫսôǰĺĿռУȥԺӡЩͼƣˡ
ʵѾɣͲʵսˡ
ţȻ뿪˸˿ռ䣬׼Ѷȸߵ
ڴ׵߶βεУһκͶδףΪͶδףΡĶκδףΪжδףκ߶δף򱻳Ϊ߶δס
֮ǰǽܵѧԺĶжδ׵֡
ǸʵѾԳȥԸһЩ߶δ׵ˣѧԺ񣬱Ϊ߼
һ˵ѧԺѶȵ񣬶ڸ߼УżҲƶԸδмѶȺܸߵģǳϡ١
ѧԺһٶѧԱУгʮ˶Ǹ߶δףڽи߼ģǳһˣ
˵ԭˣûʲôģϾҶ̫м񣬴ȥܸ߼ˣ߼ҲмҪöࡣ
ǲһЩԱ彮飬ǴȻǲһЩ߶δ׵ģҲֻи߶δףӦĳЩ£ǼȶĿꡣ
ԣڿʼ˲̤뵽ѧԺУ
ԭ˵ʵѧԺ˵ǵ׵ģڣ㹻ģ浽ƴĳ̶ȵĻǲþԼҲѧԺѧԱһƴ֮
ԼʵģؼˣֻϧҪ̤δ׵Ļһ̻ȹ̣ǿ»ᵼ»ãһҲûôĴ֮
ҪӶδδףҪǧսŹѫĴ֮ܰСŵǸ̶ȣԣڵǲ̫ģһˣȫ⵰ˡ
֮ǰ֮͵ҩ֮ͨѾĹĴսŹѫ˵ѧԺѧһͨҪϼܡ
ȻͨƻǲʲôˣΪˣͨƣ͸ϸѧһ϶кܶͨʣġ
׼һͨȫ˵ģΪ˷ֹʲô⣬϶Ҫ㹻սŹѫС
֮󣬺ܿ͸¸衢ݺŮˣ֪Ůʱ״
Ů˴֮ĶδףȻͨơ
УݺһƿͨƣĽ飬ҲȥϿŪһǧĵЩʱ䣬ҲǧһƷˣ
ֽ׶˵ƺǧӰ޾似ӺãӰûдﵽȻ֮ǰ
ݺ˵
¸ƿͨƣֱӾжƷڽȥУǿʩչЧΡ
Ȼ׼ˣǾͳɡ
˵꣬ŮڴУʼѡ߼֮ǰѡм߼һ˲˵ע
ûǸѧȻѡ߼ˣԼŶδ׶ѣ
ʲôûλﶼĶδ˵ʲôģѡ߼ҲϾסġ
ɲÿһζĺ߼񣬿ɲĲɵģÿһ߼ĽȻ񣬵Ҳȥá
˰۷׷ףЩһ֣Ȼᱻ֪
ϾҶѧԺѧԱٻϳЦ̸۱ˡ
ѡУǸܵͶԼĿ⣬ô룬ҲνˣûȥΧЩˡ
ܿ죬һ߼൱ߣƺЩ񣬲ȴֻѰı壬δ׵ı壬
صλã彮е¥ɽϡ
¥ɽڵ¥ɽǺӣ˵ӦúϤŶԣ˵ʵһ˽ⶼûС
֮ǰǾĽλ¥ɽǺӵУӾĽгֱӾ͵彮ͷȥû¥ɽǺʲô飬ֻ֪¥ɽǺԱ߾ǾǺӣȥʥŮǸϾھǺӵС


1478 ػ¥ɽ
ûʽ֮ǰѧԱǲ֪ľݵġ
ȡʶͶһŷ⾹Ȼһ׷ɱһĴ״̽СӣѾǱ뵽¥ɽϵУѾػΧ׷½أԷÿһͷ嶼ǳѾ¥ɽϵĳЩĳеУαװˮƽ߳
ԣػŸоֲ㲻ˣŻҪѧԺսŵ֧ԮǱѧԺˣעΪ
ϾδײεǿǱƽеĻǳʧ˵ܿܶе
ѧԺĽܹǧսŹѫɵĻÿ˾ǧ⽱˵൱ˡ
ʱȴõѣȥ߼ѶȿܻȽϴ󣬱Ҫȷȫ£ܿٵеıǱߣ
еǱߡ˵ʵѧԺ֪жٸǱ¥ɽǺӵģǲǡ
Դ˸оЩƣô˵ⶼһѶȼߵǱ̳
ѶϢȫҲֻܵѧԺ߲ԼĿˡ
ţ΢Щ׼ҪǼһԼĵҩǷȫˣ˹ؼʱ̺ܷܿһЩⵤҩһЩսҪȻһԷɵ˿ɾͲˡ
׼֮߶̺ʱ֮˲䷢͵˲֪Զ뿪¥ɽǺӵУ
ۣѾһȽϷïǺӵУȻ¥ɽǺˡ
һ൱ٵǺӣϾλô彮ĺĸأԴҲ൱ḻ˿ڶ֮࣬ǰ˵ԨǺȫͬ
˸ոû˳ԡ
Ժݺ˵ͷݺֱӾ͸µһЩϢʼͬʱ߶Ѫطǿ֮
ȥôʱ䣬ݺѾѪ츳ط˵ھص۷Σϧǵ۷εطֶξȻǱԵģһʱڰٷ֮ٵڸǵԼԼ֮˵Ϣۼ޷ݵԼ
ط۷֮󣬺ݺ֮Ҳ֮ǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
ܿ죬ݳ˺üǱĴ̽Сӣ¥ɽǺ֮󣬾ȻɢΧӴܿȥˣһͲܽһˡ
ңݵսЩģģָֻһضʹ¾룬ܾȷʮﷶΧڡǵطһ򣬶геĻôҵݼЧġ
ݺüͷ˵
ȻˡֲŶо֡
˵ͷ۾֪ôˡ
̽¥ɽǺı̽Сӣ϶ĳ似󣬻طһֶΣԼϢӰģαװΪʲôģֶθͲʲô
ݲԷλõ£ҪץסԷȷǳѣҶԷһһЩҵĹƣ;Իʧء
µģǶԷ¥ɽǿең飬¶ԷȺУ𽥶һЩ͸ԵӰ죬Ƕ彮ڲ˽࣬ԷȡܶܶõѶϢ
⣬Ǳ̽СӵĿģ
֪֪ˣսԸսĹ̵У˽Էͨ˵״ҲǳҪֻǱǲ̽С彮ҲǲһЩԼǿСǰĽȥ
ѡһǹȥɡ
Ժݺ˵꣬ݺ˵ͷԶָһ
ȻŮԼС磬ԼеڲռУдǷǰ
ܹӳеҲԽǿռ䴩ԽľԽԽԶһζ˲߰˰ľˡ
ٶȣǺӵдУȻ˲Ϣġ
ݺָǸľ֮⣬ԣв˲ƣҲҪһӵʱܹϵϾд߶ռ䴩ԽҲҪġ
һʱ󣬳ǰģȻһεɫ򣬸ܹĿԶһ֮Դ
֮ԴУһĵϢĳֹԵġ
֮ԴУԴģǳʾ֮ǿԶѰ˵֮Դ˵൱ʥĴڣҲ巢չĶ
Ͼܹ̫֮ʾĵģ彮˵ֻ
ûȥй֮Դ飬˵岻󣬺ݺݹָǸ;룬պþָǰεɫ
Χһ㵭ǳɫϣǺܶеķϷرķϵͳ
֮ǰǵ廹ߣÿһ򣬶ϵġ
֪ϣЩ̽СӳԱôͻƹȥģ
ЩƣǶ˵ҪôȫӰ֮飬ͨϣҪȻôϢͨǰġ
ֶΣҲʹűҲЧֶΣϾߴֵ֮ͨģ˭Ҳܱ֤ûưӰֶ֮Ρ
Ҫһı̽СӳԱȫЩеĻô⴩ϵֶξͿ϶ͨӦĳطˣҪô似
ҪȻĻб̽СӳԱֶΡ
߰ɣȥ
彮ȫͨģֻҪеһѫ¾Ϳˣѫ·ǲðģͷΪӡǡ
˳еĻһѫ½ֱԱҲž˱ߵĿܡ
ƾһѫ£׾ٵͨǲϣȻ䵽ǿεɫ棬ЩϤĸоһЦ
ⲻ֮ǰʱڵģ
һε֮ɫһİٷ֮ʮȫǺ
ҡҡͷû˿ֱͣӳźݺݳķ;ɹȥƲмǰƬ̣ܿ͵ǸطȻ·һۣȻһźĳУ
ȻڳеУЩɾЩ鷳ˣ
üͷ΢壬طݺ֮û취ȥ̽ˡ
ȥжܻܿỨǺܳʱ䶼ûнϾǷΧʮڳеʮﷶΧڣж
Ҫ˵иʮˣǾпܵģϾ·л൱ٵغС
ȥɣ˳㡣
Ů˵ţ˳нȥ


1479 ֮
УһƬĺ̲Աߣͨó׼䷱
˸ոյʱ򣬲֪еĳУĳ飬Ǵ˴εĿкܴĹϵ
ڳϿķһ൱ߵεľ¥¥װηǳܹѵ߷ǸҪôӵдϵ磬ʸ̤С
ʱ˿̣¥еһУмһĹӸ磬̸Ц
ܹĸӸ磬ֱһԱߣ໥̸ţĿеĽȴһϣһΪ¶ŮӣˣĿ֮ɫ⼸ӸžƣͶ䣬һӸעסˡ
ﻹǺþݺƳô꣬ûܺȵŮӣ
һӸһЦŮӼӡ
⺣¥ľˮɶģǳһЩ߶δ׵ǿ߹ȴһûò
һӸͬͬʱŮӵĿУǿҵռ
ȻеĸӸ磬еǿͬʱһŮˣ໥侺Ҳǳҡ
ˣҲѾǴ׾ĴڣΪ츳ߣУΪĹӡĳǣغе֡
Ĺӱŵģǽĳڵĸǿ໥кҲо
ȻֻһŮˣȴҲǽĹӷǳӣܹŮҲʹűӸʤһ
٣ĳʤһ
ԣڲϵ֮УĿֱָŮӣŮӿȻˣȴҲһɬ֮⣬ң̲סҪϧ
Ůӣһδ׵ΪѾ¥˵ʱ䣬ǰʱڣǽĹӲδκιֵľٶΪŮӲķ糾Ůӡ
ýĹΪĵط
ǹ־͹ǴȥŮӣǻ治ϡǰŮӣûôǽĹӵݵӣŮҪǽĹӴϹϵ
ʱת
ĹеһΪ¹ӡǳڴ¸ĸ֮ӣһʱ䣬ΪѾŮӵһЩϲãϾںȾƵʱŮƵƵͶĿ⣬Լĸо
ľ磬㵽ɣСŮȻȥˡ
ŮӿɫЩɬĶ˵
˵Ȼ¹ȴŮӰгԼͶһȻŮӲת뿪
ڰʾʲôɣ
¹Ӽ˷ܣûмҴҵж˹ĸƽʱһӸˣȻԻȥ·
ڻص¸;УǰȻӰҳЦһЦһöֱӴз˹
¹ӽסһд˼֣кҡ
ñ¹ϲ⣬벻죬ڳɹˣ
ܹǰ¸˿ģΪͰͨб¸ƽһö
ҹ¹ڼеȺ򣬶ǣӵŮȻԼǰķڡ
ҹֻˣйŮᷢʲô飬ҲȻˡ
飬ȴȫ¹ô򵥣һϣ¹ӣѾԭı¹ˡ

ͺݺ¸˽ĳǵ;Уպݺݵķλ˳ڵС¸ĸ
ݺݾȣֻܹﵽʮľ룬Ҳ˵ڱ¸ʮﷶΧڣпͷǱڴ˵ıжΧ֮ĶãԷпѾˡ
ûйϵݺѾܹ֤ԷĴ·ΧԷתƵصĻǶ˵ҵԷ
ҹˣҸطסһɣҪҵαװǱı̽Աûôס
Ů˵
ŮȻԴ˱ʾͬ⣬˱ҵһѰĿջ㸶һսŹѫж䣬Լһ䣬ݺ¸һ䡣
ݺһģϧȴǱݺܾˣЩơ
ȻûʲôӰ죬ֻЩʲôˡ
סջʱͲϵþƿصطȥ̽κˣԷֹпܴĴ̽ǿߣһֱûʲô֡
ڷУһϢһоţһʲô֪ͨ
ҹʱ֣ͻȻڷЩ˳
ѹȣȴȻջҪץˣץĻˣ
ݺ¸裬׵壬Ѿһѳڵǿߣûκԥֱӳȥһ˾Ȼкö׾ǿߣ¸ͺݺŮڷſڣҪץס
ô£
üͷ΢壬ֱӳʵ
˵Լʲô¸ˣ˾ٱ˵⽭ĳвͼҪץȥʡ
ݺмЦţȻ¸ǰ⼸Ůһļһ϶ǵĶ֣˫ûеֵǸ̶ȡ
֤ǶԽĳûʲôٶǲܣǹԹԸǻȥһˣ˱¸׵ģȻ뿪ġ
һδ׵߲ͷ˵ٱ˵ˣӦþ˰ɡôǹԹԸأǷҪǶ֣
˾ٱǣ
ϢʱЩƣոУô˾ٱΣУұ¸⸽ݴű¸У߶δ׵ǿ߱гˣ
ץ¸ȥͺݺ¸ˣһܹӵó
һӦҪóһѫöԷϽ뿪
תһ룬֪ǻпǵģֻһˡǾǱĴ̽ǿߣ
ô˵Ǽһ˱¸У
뷨֮ûд㷴ˣԺݺ¸趼ҡҡͷȻЩ¸˵Ȼˣǰ·ɣǿʻǾʵش𣬲ûʲô⣬ɲסǲš
Ȼ
Ǳ¸δ׶ǺһЦֱһ֣ȰǱӣ⽭ĳУ˭ҲܴǱ¸ߣһ֤ûʲô⣬϶ὫǷߵġ
¸ͺݺһۣҲеĴ㡣
Ǵƽ뵽¸ȥϸ̽һô£ܿҪ̽ļһڱ¸ǱţѾס˱¸ĳЩԲñ¸ץȥ
ȻԷ˵ݲϤɼԷпܾͷ̽ǿߴڣ


1480 ˳
ĳǣ¸
ͺݺ¸ˣ˴˱¸Уڴܹͷαװŵı̽ǿߣϧǣǼһﵱȻԳ֡
˱¸ǼǱ¹ӣ˳ƽĹ֮һš
˵ţҲֻڽĳǵķΧڰˣȻϣⱱ¹ӵ츳ǺܲģֻҪȣҪˡ
˴˱¸֮Ⱥ˰ǰһ䵱Уܿ죬Ǿͼ˽Ĺ֮һı¹ӡ
λ֪ҽĳǣкιɣ
¹ӣ棬˧ϹŵЦݣǰȻʡ
۾ϸһ¹ӣδʲô쳣һǺһţǱĴ̽ǿߡ
ǰģ˱¹֮⣬б¸Ⱥǿߣ߶δǿȴûУΪȻ¹ȻǱ¸ţ߶δ׵ǿߵġ
¸Уܹг߶δףڶǰǿģҲһδ׵Ļӳˣڱ¹ӣԼδס
ͣѾҪһЩˣʼѾʮʱ䣬ܹﵽδףѰ˵ܲˣͺݺȴҪ˲١
ôĳֵطѵ𣿸Ҫ⵽̲飿
۾Цʵ
¹ӲŲæҡҡͷѰˣȻӭǼλ˾ٱĻ죬ǽĳǶʲôٶǶԽĳʲôƻ֮ǰȰƷ츣ĳ񡣡
֪˭ٱǣ
оΪЦ¹ӣɷ֪
ǿԴ飿
¹ӲмһЦż£⣬һúÿţʲô֪ͨӣ
ǣ
оżµı¸ӳ˵ͷһδ׵ǿߣսӦǺǿˣʵϣҪĻ˸ͲЩˡ
ֻǣʱִ
Ҫҵαװı̽ǿߣ϶ô׵飬֣ܿûʲôжĻڰװ׵Żš
Ϊʱ˿̣ݺͨݣͻȻǱϢѾԶȥ
뿪˱¸طȥȻǱ̽ǿڰ˿֮󣬱׼תˡ
ô˵Ǳ¹ӣѵѾ̽ǿ߿סˣ
ţ۾
ǰԼĴ㣬ⱱ¸ǲҪǿͻƳȥֻҪʩֶΣܹ뿪ˣҲᾪκˡ
ݺҴ¸ȥ̽һϾ֮ԴͷжпܱԷҺ¸жĻǼһͲ
ԺݺԸ
ݺ˵ͷţȥɣסǷѾ뿪
Ǳһ䵱У֮⣬δ׵ľżӳڷţƾˣ赲ס뿪ġ
ܿ죬¸ˣֱԼһ񣬳Ľ䵱У
ʩչ˻ĹŲӰֶΣ¸赱ȻҲԼĴʽ˵ȫСһ
Ȼ¸͵СڣǻޣϢ뿪䣬ֱӳźݺ˵Ǹ˹ȥԷȻܹڽĳпƱ¹ӣӦʱҪ뿪еġ
пܣԷҪƾƿصϾͷαװߣܿѾµ׷ɱġ
жҪѸ١
¸裬ܿͻޣ뿪˱¸ľ룬Ȼһ·ɵغߵһ¥¥ݻɺΰע
˵طʱ򣬸պü˱¹ӣҲ¥̤ȥ
͸ˣǱĴ̽ǿߣܾܿľ¥У
ű¹ӣһ·Ȼ뵽¥Уǻ޵״̬ǣߵĶ˲õǶԷ񾳽εĳǿߣпֱӷĴڡ
ˣʩչ֮ҪȻܷټ
ܿ죬Ǳص¥һ֮У˰¹ڵġĹӡ
˵Ѱ˿еĽĹӣÿһ츳ȺȫǼΪŵÿһǷǧŮ޷԰Ρ
ڣ⽭Ĺӣȴÿһͣ·˿һ㡣
ǰģһɴ˵Ůӣʱ˿̣Ůƺڶ⽭ĹӽʲôҪȥ
飬Ȼǳˣ
ĹӣȻѾȫŮƣȻŮýĹӷеȥݺ¸˸ɵȻŮʶˣƾһ¹ӵ޷Ǽ˵ġ
֮ʱǿΪʱ䣬ȥ׼һ£ԵȻһ򾡡
ŮӡȫûκαϢǱ֮⣬κοˣôֻҪŮץסһͷ
ԥľˣطǼľ¥̨£ǷǰץģĻֱӳʾһѫ¾Ϳˡ
彮ڣƾһѫ£ȫǿԺߵģ˭Ҷ֣Ǿڶ񲻾
Ůӿһδ׵ΪܿģĹӣÿһδףͽ¸ǣסˣĸһӦֻʱƶѣȰŮˣӦþͻָˡ
¸˵ȻԼ׼ȥԸǿһδײεŮӡ
ŮӶԽĹѵʱֱӾһ̧֣ʾ۶ִ֮յ˲֣ȻҪŮץס
ĳֺףӻ޵״̬ɭȻİ׹ֱ۾ʹг֣ӷ˷ץŮӣ
ŮȻ𾪵ˣ䷴ӦǼѸٵģһֱ̧һ󺮱Ե֮׶ֱֺ֮Ȼ
׶;֮໥ײһȻ󱬷һֲУ˷Ϯ˿ȥ
ΪȵǣΧǽڣȻͨľӹ˺üļ̴ڣȻûƻ䣬¥ȷ֮
ϣ
ŮӶԽĹ´ǽĹӵһӾʹӻ㶱˾ɣȻ׷׳˹


1481 ¥ս
ĹӣȻѾŮӸסˣڿŮӱſһǵǣܹӳǿս
ңս¥е˹Ҳ˵Ļɡ
Ĺӳͬʱ֣¸ֱӴС˳һ̧֣ǳ֮Ȼ۶һжƷ˲ʩչ
岼
ǳģ۳ʮöǳӣȻЩӸԷųǿĿ֮⣬ǽĹӶԭأʱ޷
жƷ¸ģǺõġ
ʩչЧɹأһסƬĵ˵жһҲԴ߶ЩǳӷɳȥԵ˽бƹ
ڣ¸һƵж뽭ĹӵİΧȦ
¸跢岼ʱֱӴӽĹӵİΧȦзɳȥȻŮӣ̧۳ʾģ
޽֮գ
ŮӻԶȴһסɵ޽֣֮˲Ůߡ
ȻȫսĵƺȻ𣬿
սȭڣ
һȭŮֱӸһ˪Ȼһȭ飬˷ɳȥײ˺ǽϣ·¥һ¡
Ȼˣܿͻܵ䷿еս˸Ϲ
ʱ򣬾¥˿϶ѡĹӣȻһѫ֣ȴҲ̫ʱ䡣
Ůӱһȭɣбһ˪׵ķԲûܵʲôصƣϾϻûпʼӿսƣսʩչǺǿ
ţŮϱ㱬һ󺮱ĵ˫һĨɱɱ⣬İĸо·ܹɢĹŹɱ⣬ͷһ
ѵŮӱǱǿαװģ
Ҳ̫ˣȻһûУ
ʱûżʲôۣҪǻ׽ŮӣȷԷǱĴ̽Сǿߡ
֮򣡡
Ůӻ׼ʩչʲôֶΣֱһ̧֣֮˾֮޾ֱӽŮӳװΧ档
ھ֮Ĳƿ֮£ŮûκηأۿҪʩչɱŮϵϢȴȻ
ԭŮֻһδ׵ĲΣʱ˿̣ȴȻŸ߲һ˲ﵽδ׵ĵز
ȻΪ
һݣ벻Ůصôﵽδף˵һΪǿĶ֣һҪ׽û̫ˡ
ҪȫԸС
޽֮գ
һ̧֣ٴʩչ޽֮գһνԷ΢һȴδԼԡ
δκԥű㱬޽֮յĵڶκ͵Σӡռաƿ˺޽֮յЧ˲䴥
޽֮յĵƿ˺൱ǰĶϿվɱ似ֱܹӴ͸ԷƻԷڵĲ֡
һо޽֮յȻڶԷڴһ
ߣԷıضСĵԷȴڴɼԷԲߣ
ʲôߣͲܹȷˣѾкܴܣŮӾͷĴ̽СӳԱǱ⽭ĳУŻĳǡ
ǱóѣɾһΣյˣʱϵӦüֹסԷļƻ
޽֮յڶԷڱȴδɶɱϾԷѾδ׵ǿڣأǻͱǿ˶ʮ
ԣʩչ޽֮޾Ʒ似޷һԽԷˡ
ţԷϺȻ˲γ֣һϮһ¸ϮȥŮӾȻҪһ˶Ը
¸ʱ˿סǽĹӣۿ״ʱһ̧֣ǳ֮˲ۣǺ֮٣
Լӵе̫ƷѵʮľѼʩչǳ֮ͬٲһбֱӰָûϾҲѾĶδײεǿߣŮرˡ
һֶΣɵֵ
֮¾ԵҪƮˣһֱӻޣһ̾Ů֣սȭڣ
£ĿսѾʮ౶ʱ˿̿սȭͻŮӶһȭк󱳣Ӷ˳ȥײ˺ǽϣ
ûκͣЪֱʮĹŲӰսȭڣ
ս˲ЩĹŲӰܴ˭ʹ˭ĹڣŮȫ˲ٿսȭڡ
ȻĹŲӰĿսȭǿһȴ˲˶ʮĿսƣ
սĵϳ̶ȴﵽ˵ʮԿսʩչƻҲѾ֮ǰǿ࣬ȻֻǶʮĿսƣҲﵽ˴ǰ߰ʮսƵЧ
һֱӳŮϺȻһȭս̼䱬
ŮȻǸֳһ㺮ϣȴһȭ飬ű׶ӭ泯Ϯ
ʮսµһȭȻ޷˺Ůӣһ̧֣սȫۣγ˿սϣ׶˿սϣÿս˲ҡҡ׹ۿ޷ֵ̫á
һ̣ŮƺǿĻ޵ֶΣֻ˵ЩɵֶΣһĨϢϢ뵽ڡ
ûʲôֱǺϢԼڣھ쵽ˣ⺮Ϣûʲô˺Ȼֻһǡ
ֻҪһƺϢڣܵʲôطԷ̷ڡ
ʩչ޵ֶΣԷҪҲܲҵλá
൱סһбֶΡ
սپ
ԼɱȻǿս޾Ʒ似ڸѧʵһƷ󣬱ϾֻǸֶΣսУʲô̫õЧûбҪʩչ
ʮĹŲӰһڳ۳սȭһκҺǽĹӣŮӣͬʱʮսȭڣ
ͬʱֱһ̧ʩչ޽֮գŮը
һΣ޽֮յȻıŮ⵽һ̶ȵƻϾһȻδ׵ĲΣȴرǿᣬǿȶȲϡ
޽֮Ѿܵ˲ơ
ŻĹŲӰĿսȭϣ˶û˿սĵķ籩У䵽˺Ľ䵱У·û˿ֿ
ĹӣҪعͷԸȴ¸ǳֱ֮סﲻæ


1482 Ա
ŮӵսռƣȴԷǸûз
ʱԷֻһõ飬ǾǽһƺϢ뵽ڣһоѾסһйؼֶΡ
ʱ򣬶ԷƱսȭںɱ˽䣬ȴû̫ܵص˺ٴվʱ򣬿ԸоŮ͸¶һδ׵ǿߵϢ
֮ǰʱȻָδ׵ΪƺǸոջָЩ衣
ڣŮӶδ׵ѾȫȻգ
֪֮ڳӿΧȻʢ͸һֱϢһӲ˼ǿľġ
һ̣⼸׷ըѿ˰Χڣ
ӦǶԷһͨУȷǸܵһֲߵϢʱȷʲôֻüٴһսϣȻͱըѿĺɡ
ֻоһ޾˷Լû
ԼΧ޾׶ᣬȻȻѣǿս϶ûܹ赲סϮ
Ͼδ׵ͨһֱͨӽ飬ʣµǲҲΪʱħ֮ģҲ޷лָ
һԷץסᣬħ֮Ķݻٵôǻ᳹
ȴǷǳ¸裬ûѡþ
һ棬ڻòŶɱﵣһ棬һþĻһ²뿪ܵĽѧԺɾˡ
ǰŮӣȷǷǱĴ̽СǿߣǣҲĴ̽СǿߣҪȫ
Ĵݻٶᣬ¸轫ʱһ
ǳƿն
¸ֱӶõʮһ̫ƷѼǳ֮һ⣬ȻҪɱŮС
Ůû뵽ĹӰΧ¸軹ֹԼЩ⣬˷Ӧǰһξӣֵǳƿնǰ
ߵֶλײһ𣬺ȻֲΧɢȥǽڶһ˿ѷ죬ȻǱľӹ̹üεĽڼǿ֮£Ҳǻᱻݻٵġ
ʱħ֮ĿʼѸϾͼƵطˣʱʾױȵٶȡ
ʱ䣬ѾΧдŲٺĵܣûܹ׻ָ
¸ڶԸǽĹӵͬʱȻʱŮӳһһû֣ͣ˿ûƣ
ŮӸоѹԸ¸ͶԸʱ߶һֺѹֵĸоΪȻ߶սʤʵĲһЩⳡսҪһַˡ
¥Уսôûû˹ʣ⵱Ȼԭġ
¥ĺ䣬ȫ˽ģͷôص¼κ˽ţԼ򿪰ķš
ڣŮӸоܲסӣ̱Ĵ㣬þ¥æ
ǵֵס¸裬Ҫ޷𣬶ȻѸٻָĹ̵УЩæһ׻ָ¸ֵĻԲ˵Ķ֡
ĹӣҲʲôˣ¸ǰȴȫСආһĴڣ¸ȻȽĹӻҪСܶࡣ
δ׵磬ܸδӲһĹ̥
ŮжԴȻԸҪսپ¸裬֦ʲô⡣
ϾĳѾһʱգڽĳУҲѾӵԼοѾס˽ĹӣڽĳеۺʵǿᣬҪԼ¸Կ
ȫָʱķţŮˣԼ;ۼһǿ׼Ӧпܷκ
ڴţԷէȻڴܣʱɫ䡣
ΪеĿŽĹӰĸκһʲô⣬ĳǵƿ¶ᷢı仯
ԣۿŽĹӴսУȺ׼ڰ֮ľ¥֣̾׼ʼж
ǶԸĿ꣬ȻǸĹһµģҲ¸裡
Ͼ¸ˣûгǰģȻǱ뵽͵Ϯɱġ
ɱ
Ⱥʮ¥ǣȫĶδ׵ΪһĳмǿİˣΪ׵һˣδ׵ǿڡ
ʱ˿һӵϣҪԾǱȽϽ¸趯֡
Ҳʱ¸赥һ˦ֱӽһöѫ°Щ˵ǰǶϵãһѫ¡רԱУ˵һ˺󣡡
һѫ³֣Ⱥ¥Ƿ׷ˣⱲӶûĶⶫĴȴǶ˵ģңܹĸܵöһѫе񾳽ǿߵϢ
Ůӣ¸óĶеȡ
ƺ֪ʲôȴҲܹܵⶫϵǿϢʱ֪Ӧ嵱֮Ķⶫͬǿ٣ضҪ֮ġ
һתŮӵͲһ뷨
ۿȺ¥־ȻͣŮһĹ֮еı¹ӣŭһǻʲôЩһﾹȻҴɱǽĹӣһѫ¶ȻǼðģôܶǶ֣
ǲ֣֣
¹ŭţŭУȫֱӳ¸ڴйȥ龰ȻҪԱӣ
Ⱥ¥ĴǷ׷׾Īⱱ¹ӣȻԱóˣҪŮӣ
Ҫñ¹¥ԱˣǾ¥϶Բ˶ߣ¸Բƾ¥ȥҪ֪ڽĳУ¸һһҪǱ¹Աĳ˵Ǿ춯صĴ飬ܹǣһȷѪꡣ
׵嵹ùģ¥ˡ
ȺǷ׷׾رδ׵ĴͷӣҲûŭȵ¹ӣԵȣȽץʣȻһѫǼðģǴ
⻰Ǳ¹˵ģ㵽ʱսŵҲǱ¹ȥڹҪЩȥףֻҪձ¹˵ȥͿȥ鷳
ȺǷ׷׶֣¸費üͷۿű¹һԱͷþһתȥЩ鷳
Ůӣס˽ĹӣҪɵƺûôף


1483 սپ
һѫµӹɵģȻⶫϾ̫ټˣ˶һѫµʶֻ˵Чоԡ
Ҫڣб¹ӱʾһѫǼðģôЩ¥־͸õʲôˣǱ¹˵ģʱͷ˹ҲǱ¹ӶȥЩûʲôϵ
Щ¥˵¹ӲǸܶǵӲӰԣ¹ӵĻǾͲò
Ƚ֮£һѫµȻȻ³ˡ
һȺʮ֣׷׳ŷڳҪ¸趯֡
о˲ͱö˷ǳ
սپˣ
¸ҪΪԼȥֵʮ֣ҧҧ֪ԼٶȰŮӸɵҪȻĻ¸ܿһЩ⡣
Ĺӡ¥֣¸һ˱ֵܹסֵܹʱ䲻ܳ
һĹŲӰŮӲϷųսȭڣһȭһȭԷۺֵȴ֪պǸӿսƵĻᡣ
޽֮գ
ûκͣ˻ĹŲӰ֮Լʩչ޽֮ա
ڣŮѾᱻ޽֮ӡǻеģңʩչ޽֮գı
̽ʩչ޽֮յĵڶκ͵ա
һǿʾŮĴŸûСĵ︽ȷŮӾԲߡ
ֻҪƵһ¶ĿȻܹŤת
ţսڵӵʮ㣬ϿЧʩչսĵѾܹʮսĴﵽ˵ʮϣһȭȥΪֲ
ǰһֱ̧֮֮ͨڳУɵĲŮӡĹӺЩ¥ڵж֣ȫסˡ
һͨ൱ʱ˿̣¸ٵѹҲһࡣ
֮򣬾ڷ룬ɢ޾ĲŶֵж
ʱֱһȭŮϣ
Ůӱ֮סʱ򣬾ȫ¸һ㺮ĵķϣֻϧڵУȫǵֵסĹġ
޽֮յıŮڱʮĿսһȭϣ˲ͽһӻɣȻײ˺ǽϣǽҳ˺üѷ
䣬ڿҪܲסˣ˵ֹж
ۿŮϺƣȻԺĻָһݣѾȷⶫͷĴ̽Сǿˡ
Ϊ˱֮⣬ûʲôܹúָԼԼˡ
壬Ǳ飬ȻܹԺ˻ָ
ϧǣ¸֮⣬Щ¥ָһ㣬ȻڸʩչֶΣҪ¸Ʒֻϧ¸ֶαǼ࣬ӵŶԿδǿߵʵôܱЩСָƷˣ
Ǵͷ죬Ҳδ׵Ϊʱ˿̲δԶ֣Ϊã¸һĶδײֵ֣Ŷδףֵˡ
¸˾ѵĻᣡ

ŮԺˣûκԥֱǰһȭŮӺսĵȻһȭһȭǿơ
ŮӼ״͸һĨ⣬ֱ̧ǺԵͨʩչ˳Ҫ
ֻϧ״΢̡
꾵
ֶΣ˵û˿Чᱻץסᣡ
꾵ǰ˲佫콵ʮ˹ȥŮԴʧɫû뵽ӵֶΣûӦ㱻УγһΡ
͸ıУŮӻ𾪵ı飬׶סˣΪ壬ԺĵĵֿȻǼǿģ²Ҫþܹӱ
ûǰһȭһȭϳǱϺȥȻ˾ٻθıȻȴܹĵӿսơ
֮ǰͳԹˣսƵӵһٲʱԼͻЩܲסȻˣսϳ̶ȵÿսҲǿǰĺü
Ȼսˣܹܵĳ̶ȣȻһٲҵĿսơ
ǲܿͳһЩѺۣȻ̶ʱڣĿսƾѾӵʮĳ̶ȣϿԶĽʮ㣬ʩչսѾܹӳʮ
ö˵һȭκδ׵ϣܹöԷһƤġ
С飬֣
ԷǱεʱʱˣǰֱˮϵ̫֣֮Ȼ󷢶ᣡ
һӣˮϵ̫֮Ǳγ֣ȻЧܿҪǱһСΧڵᣬ䣬ΧڵƻЧӾˣ
ŮӴӱ֮ʱҲպ÷ֲ˲䱬ֱӽŮӸİǽڳУ񱩵ʱи볹׷顣
ںеһЩߣʱ˿̲ŷ֣ԭѾڽôҵս
ϢЧǺģɼ¥ۼΪƣϧڼսУվǻᱻƻ
ǲǽĹô˴ˣ
ҿǰ񹴴һŮӣƺڶŮӶ֣
̫ͷ϶òͷˣĹǣ
ڰ˱ܷŭǽĹڸ˴ܣҲȻˣŭкϷˡ
ſǾ͸оԾˡ
ôĹĸһ𣬾ȻһĶδ׵Ůסˣ¥ֶȥԸŮ
ңлһöڵ壬ϷųĹӺ;¥ֵ˷׷ײסȻ޷ȫǣȴҲǵжû
ĹԭŮ˵һδ
ôڳδף
ңȻڱһδѹסˣ
ȴûȥڰЩˣЩҲ֣ܶܶʱЩֻԸ⿴ֶԸȥҪȻĻܸܿԼʲô鷳Ҳ˵
ᱬСס䱬ķΧ䱬ƻǿŮӣ˵ͷ壬ӱгᣬûκλ㿪ֻܴһ±
Ůɢγһϣȴֵסı˲Щϱ㱻飬ȻŮӱ㱻еС


1484 
ŮӱеУȻΪԷôˡ
ʱ̣Щȵ鷢ˣֻоԼ֮ϵøӽܣĸоԴϵ˫ʶС֮󣬾Ҳûˡ
һϲѵǣ
ܿͿȷȻˣôʱͳڿʼ˾ѣȻֻǾѵһأȴѾʹһ࣡
ңһһоѼ
ѼǹֶҲǷֶΣһбֶΣܹеմԽøԶԴﵽԭࡣ
Զ·ʱ򣬿ֹȻսûʲôãǲľѼ
˵̫ƷļѼǱֶΣֻдﵽѵصʱ򣬲ŻһЩֶΣ򹥻ÿһ̫Ʒͬ
оѵһֱ֮ǿһһ֮£Ϸųմ͸ŮڴȻȥ
մ͸ˮϵ̫֮۳ɿռУԶֽд͸ԵĴֱܹӹֵڲ
ŮӱΪ˴ˣٱմ͸ϺԵüΪҡ
ģýĹӼֱĿѣҸɵͽ
˷׷ŭţһţþ¥е찴಻סˣδײεǿߣ׼Զ¸֣ϸֳһĨ׹⣬ֱӳ¸ȻսļΪǿͣͱڵҪǿƣ
Ҳûκȥˡ
ӣʱֶˡ
ţѪɫľڿʼԭŵİ˼Ѫſ֮ڿʼԶ򿪡
Ѿʼսܳʱˣԣһſ˶԰˼Ѫƣ˼Ѫܹ̾ˣȻһĻЩòʧҪѺܴǮȥ޸С磬Ҳ͵ǵһγ԰ɡ
˼ѪֱӴ˲˼ѪеȫӿǿһĻ൱ĿսЧ˲䷭˸
ȻȴȻŮӣûκε֣սȭֱӳһȭɱȥһȭʷǿһȭ
Ϊһȭܵǿķ𣬵ȫ¶ЩƣһȭŮϵʱŮȴǺ޵ֿӣֱӱһȭ˳ȥҪһѪɽȫ
սģŮڲŰţδ׵Ϊ磬ûܹһ㣬ڵ״̬Ǵﵽʷ۷壬˼ѪĴ򿪣֮ǰǿһ
ȻºҪһǧսŹѫֲСв˺˼ѪЧǼ侪˵ģһǧսŹѫֵ
󣬵Ժﵽ߶δ۷壬̤ʱٴ򿪰˼ѪĻܹԽˣ
ϧǸλеԶ
⻹Ǳˣ˼ѪĿ֮
ٲָĻֻ·һˡ
ţĮ֮ɫŮڷⲽȥ
Ůӷ˸ڰУǰеΧһλĶδ׵ĲΣȻڿⲽЩ˷׷ֻܺ˿ȥ
һǲ뵽ⳡһϵϢ̫ڿ£ӿŵĿսǸܵ˼ǿв
ûһһȭͰδ׵Ůˣ
ɼһԲһ˰
ʲôɵһﰡ
ʱ򣬱¹ӽ˹ĿȺ˰æ
Ӧϵһѫ£˵ȣһ뿪
ɨȺһۣȵһѫ£¸ϣոշֲô֮ӻصУʾǰȺ˶ʱʵˣ⶯׷뿪ǸŮߡ
Щ˿ɲǾ¥ֵļһܹ¥пģһǾĽɫ
Ǳ¹ӣҲԿһѫ£սȨôģ
οЩѾ˳ЩԾǶȻ뿪ŽĳڵսŰ´йȥһҪ
ĳڴ彮ڲ¥ɽУսֻһ´еפԱ࣬ƽʱֻһЩսԱ֮顣
´ô˵Ҳ߶δ׵Ĵڣ߳ͻأȥĻܿܵõһЩ
飬ھ¥ս˵Ȼǲ֪ġ
ⲽŮӣϿսļۣŮȫѪɽģƺѾʧȥ˷ͷ
Ȼ˿֡
Ҳֵʱһȴӿдס֣Ҷ֣ˣ
ŮӵսУ¥¥Ѿױ俪ˣʱ˿̧̣ͷһȴȻ¸߶δǿߣȻЮһŮӣ˴˴
ЮֵŮӣȻڱ¸ĺݺ
߶δ׵ǿߣݺȻǶ֣ɴ־ܣʱ򣬳ĵ˵ͷʾԼûΣա
۾߶δ׵ǿߣǱ¸ˣǹҪȱ¹ӵ
ôԷȻЮֺݺѾۣ
ޣ
ûκԥֱӻޣһԾ˰кݺԣֱ֮뵽ԼСУٶȼ죬ûиκεķӦʱ䣬ֱӾͰѺݺȻˡ
ȵŮǺϢʶԾ߿յʱ򣬺Ѿˡ
Ȼ˺ݺֱ֮Ӿ״̬ص¸ڴȻ¸Ҳ뵽СУҪȻĻ¸δ׵ľ¥С죬ôֺͽĹӣѹʵ̫ˡ
Ů뵽С֮βٴڳֱֳʩչ޽֮ӡŮУ
оƹڸӣҪŮӵĻҪٵʵ̫ˣֱֻӽŮסȻ޽֮ӡסһֱӳԶɶݶߡ
ǵĿⶫҪΪŰսԵĻ;׷ˡ
ֱӴŮӣ֮ȥطı̽СӳԱôһͷȫԽԶٽ
ϧǣ鲻ô򵥵ġ
Ů֮󣬳еĽĹӣ׷ױñеı¹ӣֱӷɵ˰УԱ¸߶δǿ˵үүոǼһҪʩչֶΣıǱ¸Ļҵǧܷ˰
ǽĳ£ôôˣ׷
߶δ׵ı¸ǿ߸һʧ׷˹ȥݸոϢֱӽݡ


1485 ձ¶
û֪ĹӶѾƵˣȻ㵱ʱһ˵ҲţҲö˵ˣֱץ˱Ĵ̽СӳԱ¡
ܿ죬Уֱӳ֮մԽ˲䵽ǲλá
ĳǵı¸ȻǿᣬȴҲﲻӰĳ̶ȣǲıϣ޷סǰŲЩŵߣһһѫ¾ֱӷˣûһ˿˿ĵ顣
ţԱ¸߶δǿߵ֮㽵ٵϡ
ϾոߵôæܽǵطµԼϢȫʱ˿̣ݺֱӴ߶طѪǿֶΣǿ֮ĵֿ
֮ͬ⣬ܹʮʶ֪ݺط۷֮ҲֱܹǿʮĶ֮ĵֿ
ʣݺʩչԷҪݵĴڣҪʱ䣬ĸ֮ˡ
ʱڣ߶δ׵ĴڣҲݲڣ˵¸ǿߣ߶δ׵۷壬ֻ̤߶δײöѡ
ͺݺһ飬Ҫ֪ǿǰͷĴ̽СǿץԵģ
ǱĴ̽СǿߣҲŮӣֽ׶ûǸֱԼСȥзԣŮӵĿ£ǽĹӻ֪λá
ˣܿ죬ǽĹӱָŷ򣬴챱¸߶δǿ׷
ȴһ㣬Է֪ԼλΣ
Ѿѵ˵һ㣬ȻѼǱģȴմԽ룬һ˲ǧȥˣ߶δǿߣ׷ڵ
ǣԷȱǺõʱӡдֻͣǣԷôɣպ·߸ʱӡǣ
ôľ룬Ҳٻ˷ʱӡǣϾ߶δ˵ЩֻǶ̶ʱھܹ·̡
ûô࣬ŵǸŮӣʱָ̾Ϊı塣
һĻһܿܳΪδײεʵ
Ӧãһȵ뽭ĳ㹻Զ֮󣬲ѡָɱ壬Ͼǰ¶ԼıʵҪȻĻ½ĳǱ¸ЩоԻᷴ
š
վŮӵĽǶֻѡ
֮һѡ񣬾ȡٶȣýĳǵ׷Ļ϶߶δ׵ǿߵĶ֡
һѡǵ뵽㹻Զ֮󣬻ָɱ屾壬ȻֱӸɵ˵ڸɵ֮ȥĶûʲôˣܻؽĳǾǣϾҵĳǣʹѾע⵽Ĵڡ
ѡ񣬾Ϳĳǵ߶δǿܷ׷ˣӣƺЩˡ
ˣҲ˵ȵ㹻Զľ룬ŮӾͺȻ仯δ׵ı壬ֵ׼һ飬ܷ̾Ӧ
ܿ죬ϴ߶մԽдɵ˼Զոսĳڵǿת˲ʹﵽľ룬ǽĳǱ¸߶δף׷ˡ
Ϊ֮⣬ǽĳǱ¸ǿߣҪ֮ͨķϣҪ뿪ҲҪһʱܹͨǵطһʱ֮󣬸Ͳ׷
ΧȫһƬ޵Ŀռ䣬ûκζĴڣԶԶ֮ԴҲѾֻөǰСԶԶǳҲ˶ˡ
طѾԿ϶Ǳ¸˿϶׷ˡ
࣬ñ¶˰ɡ
ôŵʱ򣬱޽֮ӡӡԭˣһϢŮӣȻȫһ󺮱֮һ˲佫޽֮ӡ飡
ţһͷģĴڣŮڴܳδף
׼ԥ˺һξ룬Ȼ󽫺ݺ¸趼С˳
ֱӶ֣ɵ
һȣһֱ̧޽֮գʾɵ޽֮գֱӰǱסȻǿķӡ֮סܣʹһʱ֮޷ʲôֶγ
ȻԷΪ̫޽֮նӡЧܷӡôһ˲ôһ˲Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ӱ
ŵģǺݺʩչ޾Ʒ似ѾһԲĲΣһǳȻֻ֮ϧʱﲻǸ̶ȡ
ˣʱ˿ʩչһѪɫɢγͷδױ峹
Ǳܿʹ޽֮շӡѳű㱻ӰסûκζжĻᣬ㱻Ѫɫ׷ס
ӡֶΣɱ޽֮ջҪǿؼںݺص磬˲Ż˾˵Ч
ǳƿն
Ǳ屻Ӱס¸û˷ʱ䣬ֱʩչ̫ƷʮһѵľѼǳƿնǳ֮˲һƿ֮УȻ䵽Ǳͷϣ
Ѫɫ£ͷδױֻĿǳƿն䵽Լϣ䵹ǻӦԵֶΣֻȻ䱬һ󺮱֮΢ɢһѪɫ
ţλ΢ƫһ£ǳƿնֱһǣȴûܹˣȻǿܿҪ
ҽţ֮Ǳȫ䱻ϵǸǾȻʼָ
ֶܵΣ̱ж
սУ
սȭڣ
ʽóʱ˿̣ȻһʱıУǱŽһٲĿսӳɣжó˲һȭǱ֮ϣ
Ǳȫû뵽ԼѾɱδ׵Ĵڣδ׾СһﾹȻҶԼ֣⧲֮£һȭȻ˺üѺۣ
սĵֵ˱ڣŰҲǱԺ˿ȥ
֮ʴڣûκԥֱӽʴĲԱȻħ֮ܳһ˵ġ
Ǻݺ¸裬벻Ȼ˹ϣѱʴĲԱĻôܿʴȫʱһħ֮ҲʴɾͲˡ
ǻˣôϣôˣȥҲʧȥܴս
Ȼȴûǡ
ΪԱǲֻڼʱھѾ˳Ҫ֪Ժпӡʮͼˣǿħ֮ĵٶȣ
ʱ䣬ԱɣȻһȭ
սȭڣ
ŽһٲĿսƣϴ˼ѪһȭԼȳܲסʼ˱ļ


1486 ۲к
ʩչսУͬһţһ̱˱ԣǱոձһȭʼѺۣʶҪȴôü
սƵʮ㣬սеٶҲﵽ˼£˵Ǳ˲ƻ죬û˲ö־һһ̵ӰҪѾˡ
սȭںȻһȭ˱֮ϣǱϵѷ
ǱȻǺóһָͣȻȴָȭȥѾ˿ʼļ
ƲˣҪȭǱϺȻţһɾƵϧ澻֮һţֱӽǾ񹥻ֵˡ
ƽĹӵľ˰ɣ
۾ţȭͷȴ˿ûֱͣͣһȭȥһȭֱӽǱѺ۴򴩣嶼ʼ
ɱ
һ̧֣г֣ǱײϢڲʴͬʱݺӰһδ߶ѪɫǱסʹûа취Կɱ
Ǳ屩¶Ȼδ׵ΪֻǼƬ̵ʱ䣬ͱָɵˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰʱһֶԸδףĶԸ˵ڸԶһ磬δ׾ıȻǵĶ֡
ɵˣĿһҪҪؽĳǿ
ݺʵ
ųǱֱӱɱƣʴ֮£ܿʧȥʣĺǱԿսȭֱӺ飬СӡǣСкǮġ
ݺģҪҪȥĳǣǽĹǷѾ˱Ƶ״̬
Ͼ˭Ҳֶ֪ΣһǾƻûأ
Ե˵ͷȥɣ˳԰Скˡ
۾ǽĹѾ˱Ƶ״̬ôȻѾ֪Լ֮ǰƵʵô飬ǿ϶ܵǡ
׻˵б˲ռײռɲŹᡣ
ɵͷ֮ʬкʰȻ¸ͺݺŮ³Žĳڵķ򷵻ȥǻҪȥ㶨ı̽СӳԱԲ̫ͣá
һСкʱ䣬еģοĳеӣվҪóһģҪǾôˣȷһ½ĹӵĻҲûеס
һǱ廹ڽĳʲôǿɾͲˡ
ܿ죬صǿ򸽽ͨǷϣ䵽˽ĳУغбϵĺ¥ԶԶͿ¥֮ǰһս˿Ѿ˽һ롣
ʱ˿̣в˾ۼǺ¥Աߣ۷׷ʲô
Ҳһˣ¸߶δǿߣнĹӣóǽĹжãӦǸոմӾƵ״̬н
ǵʱЩ˵ȻҲ˴Ӹ߿з

¸ĸ̫ɫһ䣬ȻҲ룬æ˹
ûиܵԷϵĵ⣬˿ҪǶԷ״ĻɾͱЩ鷳ˣҪ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
ԷȻ֪ݣԼǸով顣
ΪĹӸոͻȻͻָǣȻеãȴҲѾŽһ顣
λӣ
¸߶δֱϴˣ֮ǰŮԻ󣬻ûʲôϣԭҵ֪
ԭȻѾ֪˴ţȴ֪ŮǱֻ֪ǸҪסĳǵġŮĹӣŮӵͻƿڡ
Ů죬ÿ춼һ˻ȥȻûʩչֶΣסĹѾȫסΪŮʵ¡
Ů֮⽭Ĺ𽥻ָҲ֮ǰ顣
Ůӵı壬һͷδ׵ı壬ǸոսˣõСк˳ｫСкˣʲôչСкĵط
ʵ
ȻԷ֪ˣ͸öװһװȡӶԷõࡣ
Ҫ֪Է֣һѫµĴڣҪȥ״Ļ⽭ĳĴԲ˶ߣ
δ׵ıСк
¸̫ԣ̱ɫⶫǱ¸պҪչȻӵõˣǱֱǱ¸ˣսŹѫĻǧսŹѫ۸񣬲֪Ƿ⣿
⻰һԵı¸θ̾ЩɫǧսŹѫѾ൱Ǳ¸ˣ
ѵôһûʲôõСк
ȻСккܿһЩĶǧսŹѫҲǺѻص˱ġ
ⱱ¸θȴδ˵ѡԼϵĻ˵ͷ۸񣬸ӦܹܵˣϾʲôطܽ۸񡣡
ⳡսУǿ˰˼Ѫ൱ʧһǧҪǶԷ⳥ǧĻҲ˵׬һǧƽֵĻÿ˵㲻϶١
ҪҪӦʱ򣬺ȻһԱߴ˹
Ǻǣ¸ģǵӵǲСȻҶӵһѫµӢ۶֣֪ʲô
仰һ߶δ״Ա߷˹ǽĳڵսŰ´ƽﶼô飬ֻһЩǰսŶѡ
ڣ´ȴǳǰһ־˵Ļñ¸Ǹɫһ䡣
һɲǰ
ͷһһĴģߣ߶δ׵Ϊսű־Եıǣһ۾Ϳóݡ
ʵ˵Ҳûʲô£Ҷ֣ҲܵĹƻ󡣡
һۣȻЦһЦȻ˵ֻ۸񡭡
ôһ˵˾Ͷˡ
⵹ЯȨı˽ǶԷȷִ˲鷳ⳡսҲ˰˼Ѫ˲Сʧܹһһɡ
ͷСк˵ʲôöǧļ۸񣬵ȷ㲻̫ߣһżö쾧Ĵ֮һӾ׬ˡ
⡭ǧһڼˣ۸Ǳ¸ܹܵģΪΣ
¸̫һҧ˼۸۸治ܼϼˣҪȻ¸ٺܴ鷳
ԣǾôɽˡ
۾ͷ˵


1487 ǿ
һͷδײεıСкǧļ۸񣬾Կˡ
õĻⱱ¸е׬ģҲԼڿӶԷϾԷԼ˲鷳ǿд˰˼ѪԼСһЩˡ
һԵõǧսŹѫ˵Ҳǲˡ
Ȼ˵ûˣǸսŰ´ȻҲ׷
İ´죬ȻҲ˽ﻮϾĻԷҲ͸ǧ˵ء
ҲǲǷԷ顣
㶨һ֮¸ݺŮֱ뿪ˡ
ǻȥĴ̽СǿߣҲ֪һĶʲôطαװʲôĴڡ
Լ¶Ļ޷ϿǱЩЩֶˣ̽СӵĳԱҲôǿĻôҪȫҳҪܳһʱ䡣
ǧսŹѫĽȻô׬ġڣһжʱܵõһЩġ
ںݺ֮£˺ܿǰһĿ꣬պݺĿǰһҪıĿܹոǸɵһǾͻʣ
ǵҪԸͷǿߣ˵ûκѶȣҪЩǰҪҵǣڶԷóαװص£ҪҵԷҪѺܴ󹦷
Ȼݺ֮ǿᣬҲֻܽĿ귶ΧСԲʮ֮ڡ
ȥٶж˺ݺݳĵطǵطȻĳϣһյУʲôһĿȻ
Ȼ֮ȴ޷κζƬյУ
ȻԷʲôӣյУݳľ룬ʮ֮ڡ
صֶΣĻ˶ˣ֮ʶ֪Ȼ޷ԷĴڡ
ֱͷ̽СӵĳԱȻ͵ϮҪֱӸɵ˲ڷ˶Է٣ò˵ԷȻҪ͵ϮǸľ
ƬУͷκķȻǱ͵ϮҲֱӾͻޣ㿪˶Էһ̣Щ̼ΪǿᣬǱЩУǿȣ¶ᱻֱӺ顣
ħ֮ĿԲҲͱ˴ġ
Է͵Ϯ֮󣬺ݺٶȷӦӰ似ʩչѪɫͬһ㣬ͷеıǿ߸סʹһʱ֮޷
Ȼû뵽ܹô췴ӦҪ֪͵ϮѾǼˣȫֻ˲ܰ飡
ֱӻޣ͵ϮƻһݺӰ似סˡ
ǳƿն
¸ҲûţֱʩչʮһѵľѼǳգ˲ͷͷϣ
ֲǳƻǱȫһ˿ѺۣӰ첻ǳƿնû취˺ͷ̫ࡣ
⻹ڶԷӰס޷ԵʣҪȻĻֻҪʩչһзֵܹͨסǳƿնˣϾδ׵ǿߣҲѰδס
ʱҲѾֻǻ˼ʱ䣬ǳƿն£Ҳʹ״ָ̬˹޽ֱ֮ӳűȻ
ᣬϣ
޽֮պӰпֶνԷסڵУʱھѲ˵ˣţС鷢ᣬˮϵ̫֮˲ͷ帽
Ѿ˵һУҲһʱ˿̱ˮϵ̫֮Уͷ·һĹᣬҪͷڴˡ
δû뵽ǵĽһһûôѾУȫϳѺۣȻ˼ء
ȽǿЩƲңϺĲӿֳϵƺܿͿʼ˻ָ
۾
ҪԸδ׵ǿߣֻսġ
ЩźڱϾʵ̫ˣδ׸δ֮䣬ͲʮٱѰֶܹԶԷ˺Ѿܲˣ˵ҪԷɵ
¸ͺݺŮոҲѾԹˡ
УݺӰĻܹԷסһʱ䣬ʱ޷õġ
ݺֶΣЩͨѼȵȣǿֶζһ飬Ȼ޷ͷ̫˺ֻܹһЩ˺۶ѡ
¸ͬˡ
޾Ʒ似ģһ似ҪܹԣǿĹǿȡ
ǿĹֶΣҪʮһľѼǳƿնˣȻȻǳƿնƲͷǿߵ
ɴ˿ɼͷǿ֮ǰͷҪǿöˣĶ֣ڵ˵ԶԸģΪǵ
ֶζûʲô⣬Ǿһ㣬޷ƿԷͱ൱ˣҪԸļһΨսƵӵٲϣпܽɵˡ
Ҳֲͷô󵨵ĳ͵ϮԭԼǿȺаգδסĶδ޷ɵ͵ϮʧܣҲκʧ
ǳһ޽֮յĵգڶԷڱʾȻԷڶмǿĺػҪλڱû˺Էһ˿һ
ֻȥˡ
оЩܣÿζҪսƵӵٲܸɵֵĻһ磬ǰʴ¹Ҳʲôý
һҪһЩǿֶβС
ʱ㺷Ȼ߶ϿսĵֱӿʼͬʱʮĹŲӰڳУͬʱͷ˿սȭڣԵϵĿսơ
ͬʱݺҲʩչԼǿͨѪɫӰȻ£ÿһӰЧľϵ̫֮ɱ䡣
ͷǿߵǿȺܸߣǿȴҲˣԺݺĹƣòȫ˼ڵֵЩѪɫϡ
һ͸㹻ʱȥӿսơ
¸ҲЭʩչ岼ĶƷֶΣԼһЩǳĵĿ似ȥɧͷǿߡ
УȻȻ£ԷҪܱòܡ
սƵӵԽԽĲͷҲܵвֻϧʱѾˣ


1488 ѧ
սһٲ㣬ֱӽͷһȭһȭϺݺѪɫޣԼ¸ǳƿնɽǱ飬궼ѡ
Ск֮뿪طһ

ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
˿ϵжڼȻһЩѣվĳǵͷһݵͷ̽ǿȫɵˡ
񣬻ѵʱ仹ǲ̣Ч˵Ҳ˵ж죬ֻǵõСкδ׼ġ
һĳǵģǧ˱¸ˡ
֮Ск׼ԼˣǲôȱսŹѫˣȽȱһЩʣЩСкопܵõ
Ҳã۸ĻҲ̫Ǯһˣû˻ǧȥչһСкģΪĸ̫ˡ
ȻûʱСкģֻţʴ¹֮˵
һһɨͷ̽С֮Ǳ㽫̽СȫˣصѧԺҲȻѾˣҪȻǻ©ûɵء
ǧսŹѫ֣ÿ˷ֵǧ򣬽ֱѧԺеսŹѫһ쾧Ĵ֮
ǿһһЩ֮еĴ֮ΪĻȽӦ֮Ϊ
ϾǽȥҪٳһôΪҪģֻлǵʴ¹УпܶԸЩ߶δ۷ǿڡ
ʱǵľ֣ɾͲֻǸı塢Щˣܹһʮ壬ʴ¹йͬΣȻߡ
磬پ٣սĸ֤
ȥ˶ѡЩδ׵Ϊ֣û̫Ѷȣ֮ǰڶͷǿ壬δ׽׶β¸ͺݺŮָ㶨ˡ
ֻжԷȽ϶ʱ򣬻߶ԷѰδ׸ǿʱŻѡӿսƣΪɱԸ֡
ѧʣµĲʱ䣬ÿӦö׬ȡǧҵսŹѫϾսЧ˲١
ңԸľҲøˡ
ڼ䣬˲մ֮еĴ֮ȻС粻ϱſպѧԺѧҪǰ죬˷׷硣
Ӷδδס
¸ͺݺǴĶδףδף
˵ʵһѰ߶δ׶ǵĶ֣ΨһЩȽǿ߶δ׵ǿߣɵСһս
ȻǱȽǿ߶δ۷ε壬ǶԷĶֶֻ֣ܹݱܷâ
л޵ֶΣʴ¹УܴŮͬʱޣʱ¸ʩչ޾Ʒ似ݺǧ󽫶סȻѡ
ǰѾ¸Բľ磬һʱڣսʩչֶΣܹѸתλãǳ֮סһʱ䡣
ʱ˿̣Ѿﵽ˳Ȼľ磬ӵ˸ľ֮ͨƵĹܣܹĳЩռϽ˸˲ơ
Ȼھ֮ӵе߽ռĵǾôҲӵеģˣѾþüΪںܶʱ¸ӳ졣
ؼǣǿԴһģҲ˵¸ͺݺȫһжܣٻ޸ŮʼܹһĽࡣ
ȻԸЩ߶δ۷ǿ壬ȴ㹻ֶοԱһ㹻ˣѾǰʴ¹ʸ
ʴ¹УܹõһЩԵһĻ˱ܹһսϾ֣սһһһҪǿöࡣ
֮ѧԺбһЩȽϼ򵥵ĶԸ߶δʱ񣬶ǱȽɾ͸㶨ˣսŹѫҲ٣ÿ˶еõ˰˰սŹѫ
ȻѧԺѧ
ɵ֣ѧԺпǰѧԱŽڴˣûʲôڴģϾտʼʱǽܵȫǵͶε񣬷㲻϶ߵġ
Ҫ˵Ƚϸߵģɵֻ֮һǸԸ񣬻о֮ǰǸɨ̽СӵЩѶȣ˷Ӧò١
ѧǰ죬Ͷջأûܹȥٽȡκ񣬵֮ǰȡȻɡ
ѧʽһ죬˶֪ͨмϣҲһŸպýһɣ֮ڴмϡ
ȥһʱ䣬ѧԺвѧԱ˱仯
رǣע⵽ڴУ˫һһŮѩīˣҲѾΪ˴ײεĴڣȻ˱Ƚϵͣڻǲ˶Ƕδ׵ĲΣѾǷǳٶˡ
һεʴ¹ǿ϶ȥ˵ˣȻƽʱϵһЩǿߴȥһЩѧԺ񣬵ʴ¹ɲܹǿߴġ
ãЩǿ߶ֻܳΪ꣬˵ˡ
δףǾȥ˵ģһԿ϶ȥ˾ֶμĶδ׶ȥ˵ˣҲδףŻҪȥһµġ
硢˪ѧԺϵĳԱֱվڴвͬγμĶԱȡ
ݹȫϵеǿǲģ߶δ۷ǿߣŶʮңѧԺѧԱемս
Ҳ˵ѧԺУʮңһս֮ģȻʤͺ˵
˪ܳΪϵ죬ȻΪǵǿʵȻͬΪ߶δ۷壬໥սЩҪǴרķһ
սѲߡ֪ȵȣֶβһսȡķʽҲͬڴﵽ߶δ۷֮սѾԻһŶۡ
м˻ûл֮⣬˶Ѿˡ
ӰӥˣҲվϵȺ˵У˶һۣȻӡ൱̵ģǿģ˲һͱŹɵҪ˾Ӱӥܻܿˡ
ѧ꣬˵˺ü
ǰƺΪʴ¹쿪ˣƵ˲塣
˵һ߶δ۷Сӣȫûˣȫˣϧ
˶໥۷׷ף۵ģɾСӱȫˡ


1489 ɭħ
֪µģܿʹΧ˵е֪£һݡ
Ǹ߶δ۷СӣϵĳԱ֮ǰҲ˵ǵţһˣȴȫУΪϧ
֮սУ߶δ۷ĴڣпֱӱɵΪǽӽ񣬸׳ΪɱĿꡣ
ҲһΡ
֪ҪǻԼĻûа취´߶δ۷ԼӦа취㶨Щİɣ
ȷһ㣬֮ܶжһҪСĲУ˵ʲôʱͱ͵Ϯˡ
ûã񸡻ǰ
ɫҲЩأȻǸ߶δ۷Сӵĸ𣬸˺ܴѹȻǿߵɱ棬Ӵȡ
ȣмҪ֪ͨλ
ȱظһ飬ȻҲѸλԼʱһҪӽһʲôȻҪú÷
ͳܽһѧ꣬λɷ
񸡻һ˵ţһ̧ӳһööڰƮţȻڿͶӰһͼдŸѧԱ
ȻûʲôϵȻ񣬵Уֻ˵ʮǰʮȡһξ롣
˱ûڴҲͲʧĸо
ǸڴǼƷرͨƣһΣ˲ԼˣΪԼħ֮ĵЧڡ
ԣȣǾͰ˪˪Ϊ¡
ĻҲ˪ҪԼãǻΪ˪ҪŸһѧѧԱ
ܷһģ˪ɵ˼࣬һһɵģɴ˿ɼ˪ʵȷǱǿܶ࣬ѧԺ㼫䶥ġ
ڶı磬ϵ죬ʵǿЧҲǷǳߡ
һܵõսŹѫĽڶڣһڣ֮ĵʮǧսŹѫʼǳ񣬿ϧûʲôϵˡ
˼ܹҲһڶսŹѫͨǾ㹻ˡ
һܹһЩ֮մ֮ȡһ£ʴ¹ʽ֮ǰٰСһԵɺϣ˵һ磬Ļʴ¹İվ͸ˡ
ڽʴ¹ʱﵽĶδ׵ĿԲǺܴҲûҪǿȡˡ
񸡻һѧкͷ˽֮󣬱㿪ʼѧĩˣͬһʮƿͨƣһΣûʲô˾ۣȫ˪һƿļ۸ȫܹǧսŹѫ
˿һͱȽˡ
ħ֮ĵЧ˪Ҳģûж˵ЩͨҪԼã˪֪ڷչһԼ
˪УҲǾҪЩͨԼˡ
ȥƷûʲôģǺݺһöⵤҩʱԵߵ֮˵ǺõĶ˵ʲôʱˡ
º˪н׹ʮƿͨƣƿֱ¸ͺݺԼƿΪҪȽ϶
ڣʾѾȫˣϵ̫֮һ㣬ˮϵ̫֮ûʼ򣬳֮⣬ûʲôҪĶˡ
ʱڶһԶżзֵһʯʯУҲ̺ĳʾҲɽϵ̫֮ݱġ
֮ǰһֱûʱȥоڵǿԳһʯеˣҲͨڡ
ƿͨƣϵ̫֮ʯеɡ
ţʴ¹Ҫ֤ԼȥҪıԣϵ̫֮Ļǿ߽֮һпռĵȡ
ˮϵ̫֮ȻǾ仰ڣǺҪԼȥ
ԣڵ˵ӼһЩ
õ֮ͨʴ¹ǱʱûмᣬʱȥƿͨƸˣԼܹﵽĸ̶ȣ˳㿴Լܹʯеʾϵ̫֮ĸ
صԼĸ˿ռ䣬ֱӱصԼСУһʯȡ˳Ȼʼе
״̬£˵һƿͨƣС˽ϵ֮ԴȻȻܹԽϵֻ̫֮ٶûôѡ
ҪѸϵ̫֮ǵûصǺе̫أֻϧûǸʱȥˣѧԺУҲûȡȥ͵彮һǺӵԭѪǸ
ԣֻѧԺȴʴ¹ļᡣ
ͨƣٴ뵽˰ѵ״̬ҹþȫʧȥʶ״̬£ٶֱӾһٱһʱ䣬൱ڹȥµɹ
һ֮
һƿͨƵЧѹԼԽϵ̫֮ѾɣЧʻˣϾһͨȥʵһƷʱҲ˳һ½ϵ̫֮ġ
ڣҪĻǶһʯϵˡ
һʾĽϵ̫֮ģ֪ɭħġ
ʱ˿̣֪ҪܶԶֵľӰƻһ־񹥻СһͷȻɭħķ޽֮գ㷢ͷֱӱôͣ侫꾹ȻѾȫݻ١
ɭħ޽֮գڵյʱֱܹӴݻٶֵľ꣬ΪԵ
ϧǣһƿͨƣֻǽɭħ˲ɰˣƿͨȫȥҲǲܽȫ
ǲżֻɵɭħģսҲܹΪ䲻ǿɱˡ
Ҫ֪ɭħģҲǸһʾģ̫֮ҪǿֻɣҲѾѰȫ̫֮
̫ܹ֮ȫ˶࣬Щ߶δ۷ǿߣһܹȫĳһ̫֮
ʾľĺɭħģ˵ѾЩ߶δ۷ǿߡ
ûж룬̱ԱȻ˵ڶƿͨƣƿͨƣҪֱģͿٵɭħĺͽϵ̫֮ˣƿͨȥۺսضֻһΡ
߶δǿߵʱ򣬽һЩǶԿǿƵľ񹥻ֶΣɭħܹΪܶԡ


1490 Ⱥ
ʱȥ
ƿͨƣȫϣ൱ֱһĽϵ̫֮ʾɭħЧȻ
Уϵ̫֮ɣʾɭħҲѾﵽɣϾӵǶһʯԴʱٶȻǼġ
ϵֻ̫֮ǽϵ֮ԴҪͨƵĻоġ
뿪Լĸ˿ռ䣬׼ǰѧԺϣ׼ǰʴ¹ˣ඼Լ׼¸ݺŮһˡ
ƿͨƣ¸ҲƿͨƣжƷȫѧˣһжƷһһһƷΪѡʱѡľܹศɵ
ʴ¹УжƷ󣬾ܹܴã
ݺһ޾Ʒ似Ӱ
֮ǰһʱУ似һֱǵԲĲΣʱڵ˳Ȼľ磡
ӰǾ޾Ʒ似Ǻݺ¸Ψһ޾Ʒ似ǶȻʮֿ̿࣬ر¸裬ΪѧԺѧҪջؾֽȸС
ڣ¸ľյĻҲѾԶˡ
ͱ޽֮ասٶҪöˣϾͬʱ޾Ʒ似רע㻹תƵȥ似ȻǻӻһЩ
̶̵ļ죬˸иͻƣȻʴ¹һУ˻ûգ֮˱ضҪһҪȻĻ϶ûл·һĻǻлʴ¹еõЩʲô
һѧԺＯϵѾ١
Ѿкܶ಻ѧԺǿߣѧԺ׼ѧԺһǰʴ¹
Щǿߣһģȫ߶δ׵ǿڣдػģдģĶǴսģ
ʴ¹εĴڣʴ¹һӲԹ涨ÿһֻܹʴ¹иҪĻ˻ᱻֱӴͳ
壬İٸˡ
һͳƣ֪İٸУг˶߶δ۷Ĵڡ
УǼһܾûмǵ彮Ǻһϼһƴʦ
ǺӵѪɳǵ˽̫ӣƴʦһΧۣһӣǺӽ
ƴʦʵǵȷǿʴ¹Ҳ顣
⣬Ҳϧǣڲṳ̂Ρ
˳ֵʱȻҲǣ㳯ⲽԭԣΧһЩӣɶͶ˺顣
Щӣɶʶ˵кøУϾԭǾϵʥŮ彮򶼺ġ
ڣ뿪ϵϢʹ壬ңдԱʾΪһӲ뿪ľϡ
ӣ
ǰδ׵Сӣ
вһֵ⣬ȻȻաЩ൱ķ߿ⲻ֪Ҫ뿪ϣȫֻһˡ
ûҲҪ뿪ϵġ
ע⵽ԼҲע⵽ΧЩ˵ĵ⣬رӣɢźԼƵϢǾĵ
ȻӶʾģɢģֻǱԴĵϢȻԾϵǿߣ߶δ۷Ĵڡ
ӣǾϵ󳬼ǿߣ˺ʦ࣬ǾǺʵİھϵĻҲܵڵĳŵƿء
ΪˣоھϷǳɣԲŻҪ뿪ϵġ
ڣǼ˺ʦ࣬һﶼһٶļһˣʴ¹ҲѾμӹΣ˲ٵľ飬ǲûܹʴ¹еõʲôΪ̫ˣȻûͷҲûܵõʲô
ļһþûʲôҪǲ˷ˣôСʴ¹ҲܴеõʲôôҪεľϣã
ܹİٸϼһô˵ʸģϾ鲻ġ
ܿ죬ǰ΢΢һЦþò
ϴصǺӣҲûЩϧлĻѾһʾĵģֻϧ֮ǰһֱžãҲҪѽϵ̫֮ȫ˵Ǻе̫ء
ǰʴ¹Ļһʱ׼ǿһʾġ
ţȰѾ㣬ԶһЩʾġ
˵ͷЦ
̸Ȼᱻ
˵ͷûж˵ʲôȻߵȥ¸ͺݺŮȥˣ¸裬ȻѾȴС׺Ѫ˵ˣҲ㲻İ
ŮֻܿվˣպÿԴһ³еĴ
ѧԺУȫطĴУǿߣ˵Ⱥ۵ĳ棬ѧԺһٸμʴ¹֮⣬ġ
սŵ˾һػŵľһ˵Ҳһ˸иȦӣһ⣬Щһŵ磬ܹ彮һµǿ
˺ʦ࣬˵һܿܵ¾ǺӺ͸Ǻӵľ޴ʣִڣ嵱жѾ۷Ĵڣܹʮǿ֮⣬ǵȨƣɶ߲εġ
ͷÿһ˶սҲôİرսŵЩǿߣʵǼǿӵиսķḻ顣
ȻЩֻ֮жǿߵһѣϾһʴ¹ȻǱŴҲǲǿߣҪȻһʲô⣬˵ʧģ˵Ǹܲʧ
ݹȫǼ˲ֹһЩϤˡ
սŵļ߶δ۷ͳ죬Ҳֻǲ֪Էʲô֣ԷûʲôǶˣսȻ½˲١
ʴ¹򼴽塢ȵȶһǿߣҪǰʴ¹ѰҺ;Ե
һ뵽ԼҪԵģԸǿһˣѪڵĸо


ʮ ʴ¹


1491 Ǻ
ѧԺУǿۡ
˰ƴʦӰӥЩ֮⣬ּܿһˣѧԺѧԱɵɱ¾Сӣÿ˶ۣΪأҲ͸żǿɱ¾Ϣ
Уû̫˵ע⣬ȻɱǿȴŵɱȻʲôطԽԽǰȫʴ¹о͸ˡ
ڸߵôǿб˸ɵĿܣϾû˸˵Լ֮ǿĴڡ
ǿǿ֣̤ҪȻÿ߶δ۷ǿߣǿĳ棬սһ治һģ˵һͻᵼԼĲҰܡ
ɱ¾Сӵ֮󣬺ܿ˸ʶˡ졣
Ϊսŵͳ˧߶δ׵ĴڣһΣҲμʴ¹ᣬʣˣҪᡣ
߶δ׵ߣҪرһʴ¹ûμӹˣҪһ£ܷͨһλõһЩԼͻ̤뵽ľ硣
Ȼ뷨
ڳ½ͳ˧ˣɼ嵱в׾ʱڶҪĻƽʱҪɵöࡣ
ʱ򣬸ʲôҪġ
ϣսϸ嶼Ѿͣˣкܶǿ߶׼μʴ¹ˣǧѷĻᣬû͵ϮһԷԱʴ¹̤ΣİȻ
ÿˣһʴ¹һʮǽǧˣ߶δ۷Ĵڣδף˵ͷһˡ
ڽʴ¹˵УҪ˵͵ģǾûʲôʵģ˭ܱΪͣ
ûȥ˵ʲôΪԷȻʧˣǵñ飬ô֮ûκιϵ
˵һλصǺӵʱ򣬾ͰһǺͷǺпԺúҲǱġ
ԽԽ࣬ܿʹﵽٶˣİ٣ͻôʮˣ˶Ѿˡ
ȻѧԺǲٵ̫ˡ
񸡻ܿǰ񣬴˿ϴһĨȻ֮ɫһΧƺ
Ȼܿ죬һ˸֣ȻҲˣĺڻɽ
ʴ¹˴ǰ׼ɡ
ڻ˵ʴ¹ʽһº󣬲Ҫǰһ¹ȥ׼һʱڣҪľҪ̽һʵУ໥öཻ˶ȥʴ¹򣬸˴
ɽô˵۾˾ϸǿߣ˺ʦࡣ
˶ȥʴ¹ˣ˵ӦúܷḻŶԣȻϧǣһÿνʴ¹ڸƣⲻ֪ʴ¹ڲЩʲôûи̫ǿҲʲʲô
ڹʴ¹ϣ֮ǰѾѧԺϿеõˣЩʲôҲ˽һ£ǶԲʴ¹壬ر˽⣬սܿܳԿ
ʴ¹УһԿ;Ǵܿܵ
ԣһ㲻òú̽ġ
һµ׼ʱ䣬ĳЩ˵̫ˣģ˵ȴЩõġ
ܹۼپʮ֮󣬼ܹپʮˣɽ͸֣ߵѧԺһ֮󣬱㿪һء
ţѧԺͷųһǿʱ֮Ǳˮϵ̫֮Ҫǿʱ֮Ȼһʾ
ʾʱ֮ѧԺȻǿʱ֮͵ڲǸС
˶ʾʱ֮ΧĳۿĴͷ󱻴˶оԼҪ˺һҪгԶ봫͵ף
ͺݺ֣¸ϵòĽСȫŮء
ʱŮŮľûʲôˣΪܿ죬˵㱻ʾʱֽ֮С΢ңԶһƬžǿյ
ʴ¹򣬵ˡ
͸УֵһƬżʴ¹鴫еΧǴǺӣֱӦ
͹ģǺӵĵط塢ȵ壬Ԩ塢塢ˮȵȣȫǺӡ
ͽ֮廹һЩʣ߶δ۷壬ȫЩӽӲֻҪϢһ¾ͺˡ
ûʲôʵģϾǽӽĴڣһֻѾ̤򣬶־ĳԶ봫ͣǲʲôĸо
˭һǹͬģǾˣΪѾʱѹͨؾĲΣе˰ǿڶߵͨ
Ϥһ¸ĻطռĴӪ
ɽ͸˽˵⣬˵ΪѾʱѹߵͨǺӵҲˣһҪעǣǧҪȥפصңĻֻ·һ
פء
ɽָָͷ˼һɫĹĻϣⶫǼǿķϣҸܣ룬ܷųؾǿ󷴹룬ƾڶֻͨؾĲΣһĻֻ·һ
Ļϣʴ¹ǿ׼𣿡
̧ͷЩпĹ۲ǲĻϡ
ѹ֮£ܹؾķϣ˵ıɡֻҪ뿪ΧͲκεΣա
Ҳʴ¹򴫳ܹҵߵˣҪȻôʴ¹򸽽ûȥѾòɿ󲿷˶ͷһоʺ鴫еأ
ϸ۲һΧ
ڴһƬžգƬղԶźüǼܲطǿܹú÷һ¡
ƬɫķĻϣŸü򣬷Χ̫󣬵ҲСˣûбѹסΪҪӴķĻϣҲѰ߶δܹģʮϵĴпܹ
ԼѹߵͨΪ󲿷˶ЩϰߣֻЩǰ˲ԵñȽϵ⳯·Ϸ˹ȥ׼Ϣһʱ䡣


1492 ̽
û׼ĵĴ
ҲвҪ̽鱨ˣҷߵͨΪ˵Ʒǳһһսκζ֡
˵ƾڵĸֶΣΧҪѣҲֻҪ޾ͿˣûκѶȣ֮󣬶ԷҪݵϣҪһʱ䡣
ʱڣ㹻ӴܵԶĵطˡ
Ǵ¸ͺݺһ𣬱Ͼ֮Ѿ˺ܳһʱ䣬໥Ҳ㹻Ĭϵʴ¹УҲҪһжġ
һȥܣʶһ壬ʴ¹еİ϶С
ǣȥ¸ͺݺһȥʱȻҲҪһȥ⵹ȣһ룬ǵ˵ͷͬ˶Էһ
һϵͺܲģһʵȻǱѹߵͨΪڵʵҲǾġ
һж϶һЩ
ͬҪȥ̽ģˣµɱ¾СӣŮӣÿɱأ߸ĻҲǼ䲻ױ˷֡
˫Ȼһ·ߡ
ʵϣҪȥ̽аˣˣȫֳ˵С飬ܹжʮѡһ˵ģЩǶԼʵΪŵļһ
ûˡ
¸衢ݺŮһ뿪Ĺͬפ֮󣬱ֱӳԶ˲ƹȥ
ŮСУƾгԶ˲ƣһմԽǧľ룬ΪѸ٣Ǻм䣬֮פؾ룬ҲǼѡ
ֻҪմԽһʱܹһפؾ롣
ᴩǺӣһҲֻҪʱѣеٶѾﵽ̶ȣܶ߶δ۷ĴڻҪѸ١
ҪƬǺӵƬǺӣǺӵĻҪѵʱҪöˣٵʮʱ䡣
ԣ׼һʱڣǲǰǺӽ̽ģԼڵǺһȦ֪еʮ嶼Щͺˡ
ʱ˽ʴ¹ҲǴͬķģǺֻһڣǺӵ壬ǲڽġ
ҪǺӵ壬뵽ʴ¹ıȽҪȻĻǻľǺеʮˡ
Ϊֹ֪Уŵб塢塢塢塢塢ľ壬壬Ԩ塢塢ˮ塣
֮ǰѧԺУ˵ҲӴһЩ壬ȷЩǷǺӵġ
˵ǱԨǺеīɫ壬Ϳ϶ǺӵˣΪǺӵ壬߶мصģƽҲȫ֪
īɫ壬ȴߴûм壬Ȼ⸽
Ҳö룬Ůȥʶһ¾ˣҲҪʲôͻֻҪ֪Էֶξ㹻ˣҪʲôͻĻǺȷԼûкԮġ
巽棬˵׼һȺܹˣգ϶ǲðġ
Ȼʹﵽ߶δ׵۷ΣʮǰҲŸճã϶ûμӹʴ¹̽ԸһȥҲá
лڣԼ̫Σա
УϳŸһפ˲ƹȥܿ͸ܵΧյУʼӿֳһƬĵ˱פظ
֪ǺУפУи彮ǲģԾ彮ģǱͻ塣
ԶĵطӦþԨ塢塢ˮ塢ʯ壬ȵȡ
Ҫʶ壬ܵԶĵطȥפأûҪȥ̽һˣΪڱ壬Ѿ㹻ϤڶԷսսʽ϶Ѿ˽ˣûбҪ˷ʱ䡣
˼ȥˮפظ
ˮ壬ǺΧһ壬ĸαȽСֻȭͷСɻɫҺɣڴСˮݡ
壬Ȼʵϻӵż߳ǻۣˮҪսʽͨеսЩսǳΪκá
ͬսˮսҪǿһңǷǳ˲ĳɾͣ棬ˮˮ׼Զġ
˵ɣǶˣˮ嵱Ȼȫ㲻ʲôˡ
ˮ壬ҲûҪ۲죬ΪԴ֪ǺӸˮ֮ͶԵĵһ˽ǵҪΪʽսʽ
ʯ壬ĸ壬ÿһǸߴϰɵľʹڣǿܹѹסԨսʽҪǿԶ似
ʯԶ似϶޾ϵ似ݱȽģܹ޾ƷƷƷ似
ĺܶ似ʧ˲ͬʯ似ഫûҵļΣЩ似һֱмأĸҲܶࡣ
˵ĸĸսǿǺʾʯˣȻ޴󣬵ȴȻ˿Եñء
ŮǺӸԶ˲ƹȥǼ壬ڿʼԽԽŹ
̬ĶС
øĶС
Щ壬ֻҪפرϣܸܵҪõʲôԵЩ壬һûضԣ岻ͬ
ÿ壬пͬԵۺʵǿģҪԸ壬ֻҪ׼һֶξ㹻ˡ
壬һ𣬾ԻΪ໥ϣ˵һսҪǿöࡣ
壬϶ǰСж໥ϵۺսἫǿ
뻷ǺӲǰĹУʶһֽһϡŹֵ壬ÿһ壬䱾ص㣬ЩһͷǳѲЩȴܺöԸ
һۿԷսʽԵģͻŮǸɨһȦץһ䵥壬ΪǳΣգ޵£żֵܹġ
£ǳɹץ˺üĸ壬Щ䵥ģȻߵͨĲ£ԷսϾ˶ԷսģʽԼԣҪǵҪ㶼ںδȫ˸


1493 ۷ƶ
һµʱ䣬պôŮΧǺһȦ
ڼ䣬Ǽʶеʮ壬ÿһμʴ¹ٸ嵱Уٶһٸ߶δ۷Ĵڡ
ɼÿһ嶼ǳʴ¹ĿϾĴżܴܿеõʲôԵ̤뵽ĲΡ
ͬʱҲоӢǿɵ
ҪȻһоӢǿʴ¹Ļĸͻܵҡòʧοʴ¹еõ鴫еĿʵ̫СˣûбҪ̫Ѫ
ÿһʴ¹ÿμӵ˵УȽϺõ£ʮǺģȽϼңȽϵù壬кܿ˹룬гһ˲ܻŻؼңҲǺ顣
ܿ죬һȦջǻصפء
ʱʴ¹ͼҪˣ˶ѾĦȭƣ׼
죬ͳ˧һȻһСӣЩ߶δ׵۷ڣս϶ǿӦҲһ⡣
ǾǣսƷķ⡣
ϾһĻܹõʴ¹еĶҲֻһݵģһսƷƽ֣ȻͻһЩìܳͻȻЩƽﶼ໥ʶģ£΢һ㡣
İһĻڶԶԷԸĲϤսƷʱ򣬻սʱǳһЩԱġ
ԣ໥֮䶼ϤģҪȻСӽ롣
ѧԺɱ¾СˣȫۣûںڰУȻҲһӽģѧԺһģǵʴ¹һҲΪսƷ֮Ķ硣
Ӱӥˣѡһж˵սϴθһȥԸīɫʱƺ˲СĿû뵽ǿ
ʴ¹УӰӥһ㲻ʲôΣģϾҲѧԺľӢˣֵսǿ
֮⣬Ծϳϸļ˺ʦˣҲһжģ԰ǺӰϵİƴʦǸ⼸ϼһһ׼ƴһѡ
˶ʴ¹üεģǵУʴ¹˲ˣⲢðƴʦϾѸߣܾ̤뵽񾳽ĻܹܿһЩ£ǾҪʼ˥ˡ
ȻЩߵһ
¸衢ݺŮһģһ£һȦ֮ʾҲҪһж
ʵӹɣһȻڼģֻǹսƷ⣬Ƚϼ֣Ͼʵֶǿ˲٣ƽֵĻ̫ƽƽֵĻҲЩ
ʾõʲôĻȷϣȻȥ֮ٻܣոз䣬ͻĻǾ;ƽ֡
Ҳ˵Ҫǰ䣬䲻˵ĻͰսƷļֵȻƽ֡
ķ䷽ʽǱȽϺˣ˶ǿԽܵġ
˵ʵʴ¹еĴսƷҲû̫Ȥڴģ˵Ҫϣľܹʴ¹ҵ̤Ĺؼ
һܹɱҲֻһˡ
Ͼ¸衢ݺ˵綼ȽϵֱͣͻƵΡΪˣҲǺսƷ飬ȫƽֶ˵˶١
ңڸϵѾ˺ܺõĵزǴһʼĽЩ飬ǺһԶż飬֮ϵΪܣܶ飬ûбҪֵôˡ
˪磬ѧԺеϵ죬Ƿֱѡ˵жǵʵٸҲǸǧǶжҲʲôõʲôĻȫǶָ֣оҲ൱ġ
˶ø˭һʴ¹ʱ򣬲ʴ¹Ҳʽˡ
صפأܿͷ֣֮ǰһپʮˣھȻֻʣٰʮˣƺȹʱˣʱ֪ԭ̽ʱɵˡ
ͬһ·Ҳץͬһһ䵥Ĵڣͺ׳顣
ϾǺӵУߵ綼ѹߵֻͨҪһжҪץסһж壬ʵ̫ˡ
ĸʶģǿߣǿߣ˶ѧԺѧԱǴطѡġ
¾û취ˣ˭ɵĶ֪˵Ǳˡ
һ˵֪˭ɱˣڵҲȥ˱ģΪʴ¹ϾҪˣοȥҲһùòʧ
˵ģ˵ֱӰˣҲһʼʱɽ͸ѹģҪжϧЩ˲ȰԼʵǿҲûκΰ취
죬ʴ¹ʽˣҶ׼
ɽ͸ʼ˶һ𣬿ʼ˵һЩҪ˵飺Ÿλ֮ǰҲѾĹϣʴ¹ܹΪ߸ÿһڵѶȺͽͬΪֹϣ඼ֻǰ˵򡣡
˵ֻҪܹ̤߸򣬾ܹõλǰĴУϧΪֹ嶼ûܹ̤߸򣬶δ̤˵̤˵κδڣѾͷûܹ
ǰѶһģֱ򡢿ɳ򣬷ֱӦܹʴ¹򡢿ɳڣȥ򡣡
ָͬĹؿ壬Ҫģսңʴ¹еĹؿÿһοͬȸ׼ֻܿԼӦ䡣
ÿһʴ¹ЩߵУһУһڹеĻУԣζܴ⣬ʱ׼Ӧ֡
ʴ¹ûпʱƣֻһ۷ƶȣλӦ÷ǳÿ˸սȥʱһٵÿõĳͨĳؿͻ۵һЩһ㶼ʮҡǣɱһͷ֣ܹʮңȫ۹ʱ򣬾ͻᱻֱӴͳȥ⣬һ򵽴һ򣬷ֱһٵ㡭ζʲôӦöס
һˣɽ˵ţرһ۷ƶȣһ㣬ǰҲѾе֪ˡ


1494 
һ˵ǿʼһٵֱǰһģҲɱһ壬пڷ۹֮ǰﵽһ򣬻һﶼá
ǣʴ¹ﲻûʲô壿
Ҫ֪ʴ¹еÿһ˵綼ǼֵǣҲ൱޾Ʒ似εĶֻǿ۵ʮˣֻҪɱһͷ壬ܹõһֶΪ
ԣʴ¹עһɱΪҵĵط
û棬һ˱صĵط϶Ҳɱϵģ˵ɱһͷܵõʮ
ֵעǣκ˺壬ֻҪʴ¹ˣǾԾʬ޴棬ϵжЩرĶҲᱻʴ¹յһʴ¹ıؽ
ÿһʴ¹ǲ仯ģԸ嶼׼
ʴ¹еľÿһζһˣֻе˸
ʴ¹ʽʱڸ϶Ħȭƣ׼һдչ֣Ҫӵһ뵽һҪ߰˸ؿ塣
ԣӽһ˶ڵһΪ۹ǿͳʴ¹
ֻЩȽǿˣʸ뵽һ
ʴ¹Уиĳʼ֮⣬ĸ
Ǵ˵鴫еڣҲû˽ȥܹ֮ųģе򡢵ʵ϶˵˵ǵڶ͵ˡ
Ϊʼǲȥģ˵һ򣬱ʴ¹ĵȻǵ
򣬱֮Ϊ򡱣ܹǰеıȳʼҪ߳һƷеľҪȳʼҺܶ࣬ҪǱˣþüؿһ֪ǾǶ༤ҡ
˷׷׼սбĵҩָĵҩһЩսߵȵȣ׼ķǳƣЩֻҪó˲ԭزһڷ߸֮ĶЧ
ǵû׼Ķֵҩ׼࣬ٹǻָĵҩʹö⻹ֻԼ׼ġ
ݺ¸軹Ů϶Ҳ׼˲٣ҪȻʴ¹Ϊҩʧɥ³ɾ̫Щ
˶Щŵĵȴţһŵ鶼ûУʴ¹֮ǰһʱڴŲʴ¹Ա
ʴ¹ĻǿԵѻӶǰǺõġ
ϾǾϵļ˺ʦһζֵģңпһ˲Ҳ˵һ
ô˵һ˸͸ʴ¹пֵ֮ܳ⣬ܹܶˣһεʴ¹ϣҪ̫Ѿͺá

һʱȥʴ¹Ҫʽˡ
ڿ֮ʱ˶ЩפصĹĻвУȻµĴڣᱻֱӴ͵ʴ¹ȥ
һСӵĳԱ֫ϵĽӴͻᱻ͵һطȥʴ¹ĴǸһСӲܳ߸˵Ĺ涨ֻ߸һж
źݺݺǣ¸裬¸ǣ˿˵һСˡ
Χ˵ж͸ĽΪ嵱оԿǿĶʮ֮һģھȻǼ߶δ׶ûСһһʵЩ
˶û˵뷨
ǵģȫǽʴ¹֮Ҫж
ܿ죬פΧһȦĻϷųһ׹⣬ͬһٲһ㣬޾׹ܿͰ˸û˽ȥٰܹʮǿߣֱڰ׹⵱ʧ
ɽ͸ûܹ׹⴫ߣǼפصС
פΧİɫĻȻڣɽԼĸӵǿߣȥһʱڣǱҪΪʱп֮˴ʴ¹г֣ҪǽнӦ
˱׹֣Ȼ㱻׹⴫ߡ
ѹʱ򣬷ԼѾһƬյУƬյУһЩĻ֮ǽշָͨͲͬĲ֡
һ̫еԹɰɫĹĻ֮ǽзָڵˣʹԹڴ
󷽣ǰɫĻ֮ǽסǵ·£ֻͨǰǰ
Ȼ޷Ļ֮ǽЩʲôȴԿóĻ֮ǽЩ͸ģԿƬĻ֮ǽһƬյУֻ͸ǽȴֿǽ֮󾿾Щʲô
ָоʮ
͸ģǿԶգȴ޷ǽĶΪŹ֡
ʴ¹ĽκιŹֵʵǲΪֵġ
߰ɣʴ¹ȻÿοĹؿһʵϣѭģǹؿǱбעģ·һֱǰ߾Ϳˡ
һ˵ţһǰȥ
ʴ¹ķΧľˣֻǳʼ򣬶ȰǺôǵʲôؿ䣬ߵʲô﷿ĻǲĴڣ˵ġ
˲ǰȻɫĻ֮ǽɵͨͷͨͷһ󣬶ǴԱߣһı־
棬֮ͨһؿҶСһЩĵһؿؿпܻ鹹壬Ҳпߡ
˵
ʱһ£ֹȻǲܹԼ֮ˣû취¸ͺݺǼԼСУֻһ̤
ȥɡ
˵ôһ䣬ûӦֱӾͳŴ̤ȥȻһ׹Ӱǰʧ
ǸϣһҪСģ
¸ͺݺ˵꣬Ȼ̤
׹һű뿪ܿһɹĻ֮ǽɵĸӹŹֵķ䵱У䣬һԲε״մ͹С
Բηǳһ۶̫üԲηһͷԲη֮УȫգǴɫĹ򣬲ڷ䵱ߡ
ϰٿŰɫڷ֮еţЩɫ֪ʲôģһԤУǾһЩɫ򣬺ܱܿЩɫɵ
ԲܹЩɫС
Ҳʱ¸ͺݺҲ̴͵ͬʱ˷֣ԲηһͷȻ˼ͷȽİӰ
Щ壬ƽʱûмǰһµ׼ʱڣǼ塣
ͬͷ壬ʴ¹Ŀĵİͬŵһؿ䵱Ϊľ˫ܹƾУڳһ浹״


1495 
Ǹ壬֪ʲôȴ֪Է塢һָܹ壬ÿһ壬õһ
ǰͷ壬ÿһͷһѲ࣬ͨɫһСɣЩģսԲС
Ҫǣǰͷ壬ͷ߶δףͷδס
ܹʴ¹ļһδףҲ϶ܹԽսǿߣ
ǴһɱãɱҲҪԼǧעⲻܴڵİɫ򡣡
˵꣬һ˱ƹЩŹֵİɫ򣬳ͷڴ˹ȥ
ȻؿҪͨҪôǸЩɫйأҪôҪɱһͷܹͨǰǰ˽ʴ¹ܽһЩ͹ɡ
ЩɫǰûгֹĳԱͬһУȴǺܳ˫κһһԱоͻͨһͨڴ
ۿͷɹȥںȻ¸ͺݺҲûԭأѸٸ
һ棬Ҫһ棬ҲҪԼ˾ȽϽһʲôĻҲܹѸ֧Ԯ
֮򣡡
ڿͷͬʱֱ̧˵ڰ֮ͨȻһʾɵ壬˰յС
֮򲻶ϸıλãҪΪ˷ֹײⷿеЩɫóһЩ
ͬʱ֮ϲͷųһЩڵĲͷѵƹȥֱӶڵһ̶ȵĿơ
Ȼδ׵Ϊ֮ȴҲ˶ԷʩչκֶνӽɵٶȣսоѾܹǴ޴ˡ
壬ؿ·꣬򵥵ķǽԷɵǸɵһͷؿĴͻ֣˫ҪɵԷһ
ˣ߶δ۷ĲΣʵȻǿģҪɱûôס
Ҫɱ¸衢ݺ֮һȴûôѣǼͷ忴ûʲôѶȵģǻЦأôǲôһδ׵ļһʴ¹
ʵ̫ЦЩ
ͷ߶δײε壬ܿ໥һ
ħ֮ͬʱԸһͷ壬ħԸһͷ壬ȻʵǿһʱҲܴӶԷּй
ǵҪɵԷһͷҲô׵飬˵Էͷˡ
ʣͷδ׵ǿ壬˵㲻Ƕ鷳ˣ֮ǰѧԺʱѾһЩδ׵ǿߣǶֱӸɵ
˵˱֮ǰѾһ磬߶δ׵Ѱ壬㶨ˡ
ǰͷδ׵ǿ壬Ҳ߶δ׵ĲΣﲻ۷壬ҪԸԷǲܵ顣
岼
ǧ꣡
¸ͺݺŮͬʱʩչֶ¸岼ݺǧ꣬ͬһֱӽһͷδ׵סһ
Щϵ·Ҫըһ㣬סͷ壬ǻУ۳˻ĵǿģҪ岼ǧݻٵ
ֻǣһʱҪݻûôס
ǧĿ֮£ͷľ꣬޷뿪ĿƷΧ޷֪ˣ֮Ӿʶ֪ȫǧסˡ
ţʣһͷδ׵壬Ǳľ֮ʵģ˵ûκˡ
ƺǿߵԾǱһͷ߶δ׵嶸Ȼֱֳ˲˹ÿһʩչһֶͬΣâ¸ͺݺ˺Ȼ
ͷĵǷʩչƣһּ޷赲ĸо
սϣ
ֱͦȫ±սסϾ޾Ʒ似սʱ߶δķƣվǵֵ
Ȼܿ죬ȫ¶׹֣ܿݻˣţûȶԷӦͿʼѸ
ͬʱ¸ͺݺѾ
ǳƿն
Ѫɫޣ
ŮͬʩչֶΣЩ߶δķȫݻٵرǺݺѪɫޣڿռиֳӰȻǲԶδϡ
汻ЩѪɫ޳鵽δ壬»ܲܣ궼ܵˡ
ֻǣδУ
ѪɫеģȫֻͷĲӰţͷʹӳֱʧˣһӰӶûи£ȻʩչĳֶΣһԣ׼Ż
֮⣡
ݺһ̧֣֮ӳԼϣȻʶֱ֪ɢ˿ȥһ˲ҵͷʧδ塣
ɱ
ûκԥոֻܵһ룬ֱӾʩչɱйǱҳصδ
ϴݲͷ;꣬ؼǶ귽˺ǲɱԵġ
ʱһͷδڴǧȻЩԺֱŪǰ״ȫɢųһĵԼɱͬϡ
ЩĵȻɱЩˣңȻ޸ͷ屻˺ľ꣡
ֶΣ
Ҳòɴ˸пһܹ뵽ʴ¹ߴڣȻʲôʡ͵ĵƣҪɱԷһͷ嶼ǧѡ
˵ڶԷͷǿĴǱסˣҪȻĻⳡսýˡ
ɭħġ޽֮գ
ۿŶԷͷĵ徹ȻʱҪȰͷɵظֶζóûʲôãǧõĻҲסԷãϾԷʶֶΣƳͻ֮ǰѸٵö࣬ûбҪʩչ
ԣֱɵʾɭħģ߶޽֮գһ֣֮ͷʩչĵδס
Ȼ޽֮յڶպ͵ֱӴ߶ɭħֱͷڱ˳
ɭħĵԣ޽֮գֱܹӴݻٶԷľ꣬ȽԷӡס½дݻ٣ԷùĵĻᶼûУɭħı侫ݻһ롣
ţݺѪɫת˲ͬЯŶԾƻ֮ͷĵϡ
һͷδ׵Ҫæȴһ¸ס岼󣬻һͨһ̫ż似ֿƵֶμһʹ޷ͻȥԮͷĵͬ顣


1496 һؿ
ɭħĺͺݺѪɫͬʱ֣ͷδ׵޷ֵܿ侫ͱüήҡ
ʱǱһͷ߶δ壬ȴǲһеĳ˹ĵȻֱӽ׷ױ˿ȥһϢδ¡
Щ֮ƺʲôţǵĲԶʱı䡣
սĻͷʶԼ˵Ķ֣ԣ͹ϸıжԣ׷׳ųЩɫ򷢶˹ơ
İɫ򣬶Ǿ˱ȽϽģһ˭Ҳ֪ʲôĺ
ɫ䣬̾ж
¸źݺֱʩչԶ˲ƿȥԶԶܿ˶Էİɫ򸽽ֱЩɫ򣬱ȾǼͷ廹ҪңԶͣ
ȻŻ޵ֶΣȴҲȥЩɫҪ֪ĹؿпʲôΣյĻ޶ܲȥ
ԣֱӴ߶УȻմԽһͷԶԶܿǸİɫ
ۿ˾ȻôķӦֱԶЩɫǼͷ嶼ЩȣȻֱûмЩɫ
ţͷȫعͷȥȻ׼ĸһΧ
ϣħͬϲǿƻʣͷ߶δˣȻκڰɫâƣȻֵסͷֽ
Ȼͷ֣޷ķ
ǣ϶Ҳ˶ãϾеͷ߶δǿߣһ߶δ۷ĴڣҲֻһ֮ңĴڡ
ȥæ
Ըһξĺݺ¸Ů˵ͷȻȴ߶Уһ㵽ԶȻˮϵ̫֮ۡ
ᣡ
֮ǵط۷ᣬΪⶫǿᣬȫסͷĽ
Ѹٱͷȫţһֱ̧֣ʩչʮǹжƷ󣬽ͷʱԵĹ
ֻһͷͬ壬ؽȥٵúüų
ͷ壬ÿһͷ綼Ǽߣ߶δ׵Ĵڣ湥ʮǹҲֻҪһʱˡ
һʱ䣬ͲѾ㹻ˡ
Ȼ˵㣬ֶȴ̫ˣκʱʩչܹĿǰֶΣʱ˿̣ʮǹסͷ֮ʣµͺðöˡ
Ӱ
ݺ׷ŸϹֱӶʣͷ߶δ׵ʩչһƷδ׵Ϊȥסͷ߶δ׵壬Ч϶ûôãȴҲʹʱڶԶ
ϾݺʩչӰԵĿЧ϶ҪʩչʮǹǿҪõöࡣ
ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǺݺһĻʱܽɵǣ߻
ۿͷ屻סûκԥһ̧֣һħϵĹâȻȻ˲ʱͷӰס߶δϡ
һڰ׻ϵĹâ˲˼ǿƻʶĶ˿˺Զȥ㿪䱬ҪȻĻܱܿ
һе˵ʹټ֮ǰֱʱ򣬻ûôǿĹ
ȻǰһȥһԶżʱʵǿˡ
һУӦĳͨͨҪȻôǿƣһбͷ߶δݻٵòˡ
һģںڰ׻ϵĹâ£ֱӱ׷ױ鿪ͷʶҪ۷ϣȴӰס޷ڵ
ҪӰˡ
飬侫ȴȻڣңȫ¾Ȼʼֳһǳɫϻָ
ֻϧͷٶȣʵ̫ˣҪ˵ڵȣǸڵ¸衢ݺȣҪ˲٣ս
̧֣ʾϮҲһдݻپֶΣԷˣʣµҪݻٵʵ̫ˡ
ͷͷȻѾʮǹгˣҪͷҲȻͷͬʱ˲ƹ˱ϣȴһĶʵ̫ˣħ۶Ҫʱ䣬˲ͽͷݻ١
һͷ߶δ۷壬ʹ˳
ʱռǳһ󣬺Ȼܹͨһؿ߱﷿ģȻһͷܴͨ
ոճ֣ͬͷ壬ͬʱж
ǴλڷλãΧȫǲƶİɫ˭֪ʲôԿ϶ܶ˲ƹȥϵġ
˼ͬʱȥͬʱΧϷŵİɫ
սУ
ʩչֶΣֶԼƶٶȣ˲ƣԣܹ׾ٵĴԽЩɫ򵽴󸽽
ˣͷ壬ҪһȻԼֱӴߣʣµˣֱӹЩɫ
һûܹϵ󸽽˾Ͷֻ·һˡ
ϧǣȻٶЩ죬ȴ
ͷĵ߶δ壬ͬʱĴ£˫ȥİɫģң⴫󸽽Ҳǰɫܼĵط˫Ҳܴ
ȻѾնɱһͷ壬״ôܹܵͷЩϢԼڲӿŵɫѪҺ
ͣһҪߴһЩҲ˶٣ֻûûţϾȫһ̲֯żǿ
ʵ֤ôûʲôӰ죬ӰǸЩʲôãȻ໥֮ϣҪȱ塢ǿöࡣ
ӸոյսоͿԿó໥ϼãƣǱĻҲȶԸͷҪһЩ
ߣһأǿ㣡
ûȥͷ壬ֱͨ˴
ͷ߶δҲûԥһͨ˴
ܿ¸ͺݺͬʱ˴󸽽
һ͵ǰֱȫħΧİɫϡ
һöɫ򱻺ˣȻ˼ֲƻƻԶԶεĹ֮ǰ˭һ°ɫĻ˶
ͷĵδ壬ûܹϴȻͷˡ
ɵͷ壬˶ʮ֡
һ׬ˣϾʵǿͷ嶼ɵģջǲ


1497 ͨ
ȴȻ㷢ԼһɫĻɵķ䵱С
䵱УһƬտէһʲôûУʶ֪ȴⷿ뻹ǴһЩδ֪óȻжĻ϶ᵹù
ţ¸ͺݺˣ
һģ壬ȴûи
֮ǰǸеİɫըһ壬ڡҵܷһһʮ֡
˵
ԣһ㷢ԼԺиֳһǾǾʮûɱκһ壬ͨһؿʣ˾ʮ֡
¸ͺݺŮҲһûɱ壬ȴͨһؿ۵ʮ֡
㣬ֻܱͳʴ¹ˣһͷ嶼ɱֻҪܹͨؿܹһġ
Ǿϵļ˺ʦϼһˣǰŻʼڵһǻ
ȻͣͲǰ˵һսǺǿģǰҲ̫Σա
ؿô£ȵȵû
˵оЩŹֵƣĻܴܿЩŹʲôĺ˭Ҳ֪
˶ûҶֻڴ͹ĵطš
״壬ӦûʣͷŶԣûиǴ͵һȻʴ¹жϳʣͷ϶˵Ķ֣ҪǴ͵һĻͻ᳹ױɵˣԲŴ͵طȥˡ
˾ĵȴţ𽥵ģͷַеĹŹȻʼһʯ
ţʯƺģ˵ӣ𽥱仯һ״һĹؿѵҪʯͷˣܹͨ
ȻûΪرˣҪ֪ʴ¹ÿؿϡŹ֣ҪĻܿܳһЩ⡣
ųǸʯͷ˲۱Σܿͱ仯ģߴɣһɫʯͷˣȻӵżǿ
ǰɫʯͷ˵Ľ£ǳһˣ϶ҪʯͷˣʯͷҲУܹͨ󣬵һؿȥ
ϣͨ߸ؿǰһˣҲǽԳһû徺Ĺؿ˵ãҲǲá
õķڣԲôѾͨؿõķڣûսûɱ壬׬ȡĻᣬͨؿ֮˵ķͶҪʮ֡
ʵ˽ɱЩҲһġ
˵ڳʼ򣬻ɱһͷֻܵõʮ֣˽ɱκһͷ壬ܵõеķһ롣Ҳ˵ͷԭһٷ֣ǽɱܵõʮ֣ڳʼɱҪöࡣ
Щ飬ȻǰֵģһҲ֪ǵ˽Ҫɱκ嶼ô׵顣
ڽ򣬳ӵűʤİգҪȻĻҲһһЩг޵֮䣬Ҫ֪ڽУЩ壬֮ģƽӴڶԷսֶһ֪
Ҳһ壬Ҳ֪սֶΣеֶΣǶϤڱյǰ£ֻҪͨʴ¹Ĺؿ֮ǲ໥ġ
ؿֻĸҪͨ˵Ѳѣ˵ȴҲ򵥡
ͷɫʯͷˣȽϱ׾ҪսٶȾԲҪȻĻػؿûκˡ
ȥ̽һ£Ϣ
˵꣬Ȼͳ˹ȥһֱ̧뵣ħƣڰɫǿϢȫΧɢ
ɽħΪ⣬ɫͺɫ˷ȻϮͷɫʯͷˡ
һֻһҪΪ̽ͷɫʯͷˣĹƣɫʯͷ˲両ֳһɫĻϣУ̺żǿˮϵ̫֮ԼĳָǿĿռӦĳʾĿռġ
ɫϣɾͰĹƸֵһЩ˷˷ת˶С
Ȼȫ
ɫ΢䣬μˣֱǱԼħƣüͷ΢΢һ壬оЩ֡
ǰɫʯͷ˾ȻܹȫϣЩȣĻҪɵͷɫʯͷ˿ɲף˵Ǽѡ
״ȴ۾
ǲȫİɫĻϵУܵ˿ռĵȻǳԽˮϵ̫֮ʾռģô˵ǿռĵһ֡
ܷ֮ͨеĿռĲȫ߽
ԣ
˵ţֱӳŰɫʯͷ˷ȥȻ֣֮ͨһڹ˲ͷɫʯͷˣȻǲɫĻϹȻٴγ֣Ҫһڹ
ֻϧһУרű߽ռĵֶΣ
ԷǲɫĻϵУȻֻһֿռģⲿֿռı߽ĻĽṹͻֱɢʣµİɫĻϣԲܼȫ˵Ĺˡ
ھ߽֮֮£ǲɫĻϹȻʼɢֻɢеһ֣֮һӣУʾռֻռ֮һ
ʣ֮Ȼǿû֮һĿռģЧȴҲȫӲˡ
ֻһ˲䣬İɫɫϮɽǲɫĻ飬Ȼħ֮ڰ֮ɫƣһ̱γһڰɫĳȻǰɫʯͷϣ
ʵ֤ǲȫ֮⣬ɫʯͷ˲ûʲôĵطֱӾͱһи׺顣
ͦ򵥵ģ߰ɡ
һֱ֣ŮϣԼ̤Ȼ׹һ˶͵һ䵱ȥˣ¸衢ݺŮҲǽϣȻŮҲû뵽ؿȻ֮ôףʴ¹еĺܶؿȷܹȡɣһҪʵġ
ͨǸɫʯͷ˵Ĺؿ֮ʣһٵ¸衢ݺֻʣ°ʮŷԽԽ٣жЩˬģڲˬҲûãֻܼǰڴһؿЩɱɱ
Ȼֵעǣĳ壬Ҳʴ¹жϳʵģҪɱԷûôס
һؿ֣
ۣԼȻһڵľͿռ䣬ռУ׺һЩС͵İɫ㣬ʶһ£ڿռ䵱Уܹʮɫ㣬ڳвϵš


1498 ˮһ
ܿ죬ŮҲ˹ڿռеʮɫ㡣
ʮ㶼СڿռʮֻСөһ㣬ռԵڵĻһ˻ʮɫء
Сĵ㣬طϢ
ܿ죬ɫһǸʮɫ֮ģԼӳһ¾֮⣬ʶֱ֪ʮڲ˿ռϢ
Сģ
Ҳʱͺݺͬʱȳ
УΪߣʶ֪ǿݺ˾ƿأҲԼӳһ¾֮⣬Ůʶ֪ͱҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ֻܹϢ
ŮȴѾڳԼ˷͵Ϯ
ʵ򣡡
û˿ԥŮͬʱСġʱûֱӻޣֱӴ߶ʵһƷ
Ϊ֪СĲһǶԼģҲпǶ¸躰ģ֮ܶΣյĲһˣĸʵ򣬱ȵҪõöˡ
ʵӳйĿ£ݺ¸ˣͬʱ״̬򵥵˵һƷ֮ǿ󣬾ΪһɿصĻޡ
԰ѱҲޣ֮޷жҲ޷ͷ֮ģңܹƬռ䶼Ϊ޵״̬
ȻԽණΪޣĵԽ࣬ǰԼ˶Ϊޣĵӽһ
һеЧҲԶ׼ġ
ʩչʵ֮һ̱һЩɫҺ˷֣ԭڵķ
ȻΪޣҲܹЩɫҺǿʴԣϵĻҲ˵³ЩɫҺ壬ŵЩϤ
ˮ𣿡
ţϧ״̬£޷Ůеκһнֻǲ²ѡ
ˮ壬ǺӸ֮һ
ǺΧˮ塢ʯͻ壬еˮĸ壬ȭͷСĻɫҺ壬֮ǰһܱǺӣҲȷûмʲô壬ᶯˮĻɫʴҺйˡ
ЩɫʴҺ壬ĳְӰ۶ɣˮϵ̫֮ƻΪǿէȻ͵ϮĻܹùȥ
ֻϧֱʩչʵ򣬶˶Էһ͵Ϯ
ţԷȻ͵ϮôͲǴڰˣһתֱӽЩ͵ϮĻɫҺתΪ״̬ȻԼŮ״̬
һЩɫҺֱӾͳɥʧ˸ʴԺ͹ԣ޵ĶҽЩά޵״̬˵Ҳرһöҩܹά״ٰ̬ʱġ
˶״ָ̬ʱ򣬵һʱҳƬڰռеˮʴ¹ķԭһˮ壬ӦҲĸŶԡ
ⷽ棬¸˾ЩﲻæˣݺŮ˷ǼǿģȻˣѰˮ壬Ҳһġ
ѭŷЩĻɫʴҺ壬ݺֱӽݣڶԷռУ뼫ݵٶҲǼģֻʱ䣬ݺѾݳ˶Էλã
ֱӣѩֱӱڿռ䶼ڿռʮɫСֱӲˣڿռ˰ɫռ䣬ͷˮֱӸ˳
ͬʱͷˮϵĻɫҺһα
ɫҺ壬ͬٲһ㣬һθ
ʵ򡭡黯
һֱ̧֣ӽЩɫҺ峹׻ޣһȻ˲ȻͷˮıҪöࡣ
ͷ߶δ۷壬һͷδףһͷδסʵ֮ǰͷɫģҲࡣ
Էֱ֮ӾͿ˶Էʵ˿ڷֶԷټ֮еĲҪࡣ
ǽͽҰɡ
Ů˵꣬¶һĨâΧƬռ䶼Ѿ뵽ʵ֮£ֻҪһ⽫κζ黯Ϊ״̬
һƷսУǼǿֶΡ
ԷĹֱӽ黯¶Է޷ʱҲԽ黯ӶܿԷĹƣֻҪĹˣվߵ˾ͶǼ޵еĴڡ
ȻͷˮҲɵӡ
ǺܿͷֶΣ׼ʵƻͷˮ壬ͷ赲˵Ĺͷǳֱӳ˹
һͷ߶δ۷ˮ壬ֱӷһоΪǿᣬһЩδ׺Ѱ߶δףһ侫Ҳܴܵĳٵ伸ʱ޷ԽȥκηӦ
ϧǣ˾֮壬һԺӡ˾֮һپʮ˸ͼƣ
Ծĵֿǿˣ˵ڡ
꾵
ȻԷ񹥻ûҪҴţֱӷ꾵Էľ˻ȥǵ˲գͷˮǰ
߶δ۷ˮƺǸܵΣգֱӳŲȥ
ȻһͷδˮɾͱˣֱӾͱʮǿȵľУ˲䶼ݻ٣ݽߣҲֱ
Ȼֵһ˵ѹҲܴ
꾵ܵľȻ䷴˻ȥһ£ҲֱӽڵĹˣòֱӷһöҩ
ϵĵҩȫͬĵҩˣָܽΪÿֵҩõڶεʱָЧһ˥
νһöҩ֮󣬵ȿʱȫԱħ֮ȥٴηͬĵҩûκε˥ˡ
ҲʹţͬһսУܹûָĵҩҪȻĻЧǻݼġ
սУҪѡԱпܱԷץסһƣĻᶼûС
ΣգԲð
һöҩָ֮߰˰ˣʱһͷδ׵ˮѾľɱˡ
һͷŮԸͷˮ壬Ҳȫ·磬ɽԷѹסˡ
ˮ壬ҪõıǰӰĺˮϵ̫֮һЩģ϶ǻʴԷǳǿ󣬶ԸҪСġ
ʵ򱣻£ǾֻҪϵķɣܶԷʩչʲôֶΣ˺ˣǾ񹥻ֶΡ
ոյľ꾵Գ֮󣬶ԷҲٶþ񹥻ֶˡ
˭֪Ǿ꾵ǲȺ˶᣿


1499 񹥻
ʩչ꾵ͷδˮɵ֮˶עһ£вûʲô֡
ȻؿһͨģҪʹִ󣬿µɱС
ԼķӰʮ˾ʮ֣⵹ΪϲɱˮɱˣԼûʲôʧҶԷһͷʣͷɱס
¸ͺݺŮɺݺʩչӰסһͷˮ壬ʣͷ߶δ۷ˮ壬Ǹһһս
һͷ߶δ׵ˮ壬ڷϮ
ѾһöָĵҩѾȡʵҪȻĻܿܵʱݽߣٷͬҩĻЧ룬Ƚ˷ѡ
㲻ʩչʵҲܱԷɱ
ˮȻҲôöԸġ
¸ͺݺڷ֧Ԯͷ߶δ׵ˮȴֱӳ¸ͺݺŮʩչһǿֶΣֻһ̯ɫҺƾղȻγɫˮݣֱӽŮС
ˮĿֶΣƺͨһĳ
һŮУƺܵ˾ĸţЩ㱵ӣǾȳҲѼμս
ŮҲ˾֮嵽ھ۷壬ĻֶοɾͶЧˣϧŮδ֮壬ֻħ֮ġ
˿ģöԷʩչֻǿֶκ;ֶΣŮ˵ʱһ㱣á
޽֮գ
һ̧֣ɭħУֱγһֻ֣֮ͷ߶δ׵ˮȥڶասȥڷӡ˶Էڵ֮ɭħľڶԷڱ
ȻԷ߶δײεǿߣûʲôܽ䳹޽֮շȴҲ߶δܵ˲СĴ
ؼǣɭħķ޽֮գڱʱ򣬶侫һˣԷ粻ߵĻֱӾͱһ¸ˡ
ɧ˶Էһ֮ˮϵ̫֮ڶԷΧ۳ʱ
иϵ˫磬Ҫκν˫֪Ե뷨ֻҪһбܷơ
ϧǣˮϵ̫֮ɵĹֶΣȻƻǿᣬˮʱȴûʲô̫õЧ
ᱬͷˮΧֳһɫˮϵ̫֮ϣȻĴ󲿷ƻյˡ
ˣˮ屾Һ̬ɵ壬Ҳˮϵ̫֮ʮϤˮϵ̫֮Ըˮ壬治ʲôЧ
뵽һ㣬ҡҡͷ
ڶԷΪӦһУҲһЩ˼û̫˼¸ͺݺϡ
ƣ
ʱֱӴ߶¸ͺݺŮԵĻɫˮײ˹ȥϾ޾ƷսҶԷӦᣬûܹɫˮݵЧ
ôһײֱӾͰˮֱײ飬¸ͺݺֱе
Ůľ״̬ո֮ܵЩ㱣ˮݱײ֮Ů̾;ķӦҪ˵Ѿ֪ԼոʲôЩ¡
ҪˮʩչĲǿֶΣǹֶΣѾˣ
Ͼ߶δ۷ˮǿߣֶôô򵥣һֿƺ;ŵͨǲ˵
ոǻɫˮݣӦǸֶΣ侫ŵЧܿĳŲı죬ҺܿʱЧԽǿҪͷϰ죬ᱻ״ݻ١
²˵
ͷһ˶Ըһͷ߶δˮ壬һͷӰѳδˮ壬˿·硣
ͷ߶δ׵ˮ壬Ը
ǧ꣡
ƻɢȥݺûκֱͣӶͷ߶δˮʩչǧһƷֶΡ
ͷˮ巴ӦɫҺϳΧҪǧֵסȻΧֳλ֮ţȴȫȫ̬ûκʵ塣
һǧλ֮˲£ͷˮ峹װеʱˮ㱻סˣһʱ֮޷ʩչκֶˡ
ɱ
Ѫɫޣ
ͺݺʩչǿľ񹥻ֶΣҪԸԶԼʵĶ֣˾񹥻֮⣬ûκΰ취
ǻܹʩչս似ȴûҪΪҪѿսƵʵ̫ķʱˣֱʩչ񹥻ֶΣǼ񹥻ֶҲܶࡣ
ͺݺ֮⣬¸ʱ˿Ҳʩչֶ
ǳ꣡
һжƷ֮ǰĶƷ֮һܹǳֳ֮װΧȻǳĵԶԷ꾫
ǳЧ£ԷӲֻܹܶɱ
ԭ⿿ǧֶΣԷܹܺܿˣǳЧӣԷһʱ޷ˣɱͺݺѪɫޣϺ˶Էľ֮ϣ侫겻ɼˡ
һЩѰδס߶δ׵壬Էܵ˵ľ깥֧Ųסɢȥˡ
ͷ߶δ۷ˮ壬ȴǼǿӲȻܵ˹ƣ侫ȣϵĹƣֻݻ䲻ɵľˡ
Ȼ˺˺ȻҪɱͷ߶δ۷ˮ壬ûôס
ͷ߶δ۷ˮ壬Ҫָս״̬ȴҲף϶ǿҪƻԷûʲôܣҲöˡ
תעŵǱߡ
ʱһжҲ·磬ֻҪɱԷͷеκһͷô򵥵飬ͷˮ壬һһأϼ䵽λҲ޷ͻƶԷĹˡ
ʱȴս
޽֮գ
ɭħۣûκԥֱӽԷδˮһסȻԼǰһ̣ͷˮȫӡ޷ʲôˡ
աƣ
ɭħڶԷֱӱԷľ꿪ʼƻͬʱѪɫҲ̼ͷδ׵ˮˡ
ô˻ᣬħͬƣڰ׽ͬһ㳯ͷ߶δ׵ˮ£Ƶ䲻Ϻ˿ȥ޽֮տסͷˮ롣
ҪٽиոĹѾǲܵ顣
߶δ۷ĶҸɲôһͷδ׵ļһѵǻɲ
һ̣ݺ¸ϣ׼ͷδ׵ˮ峹׸ɵɱǳꡢѪɫޣ׷ӿûиͷˮһ˿һĵֿᡣ


1500 ؿ
ͷδ׵ˮһоʣͷ߶δ׾ˮǿˡ
սԷ϶˵ĶˣƼͷˮ壬ԱĻҲǺܲġ
ûд֡
۲һ³У˵
ؿ˾ЩŹˣѵҪǰѳȫɱ⣬ܹǰһؿɣ
УһʼռʱΧʮɫ㲻ϻжЩɫʲô
ռУǿЩɫˣûд֣ʱҲֻܼɱͷˮС
Ѿز߶δ׵۷壬򲻵ѣǲѡԱġ
ʴ¹У˵ԱҲΧ̫˺һ˵ģƺʴ¹סЩǿԱʱԱһ񱩵ʱ
ԣ˽ֻҪעԱͿˣҪද֣ΪԷԽǵ˱ʱ̣ԽпʩչЩܾ˵ǿֶ
ǾעⱣԼɣʣͷˮ壬ҺǰԸ
ʩչӰ֮ͨΪޣ֮ǰ˰ӰԻ޵ĻϿԺԲˣ֧ŸʱģսиΪ޶ݽߡ
л޵ֶΣͻܱԷɱˡ
ݺ¸Ů󣬲ʩչһЩɧſƵֶΣԼһЩֶΣһȶԸһͷ⵽شˮ塣
ûл̫ʱ䣬пƣйܿˮɵˡ
ʣһͷˮ壬߶δ۷ĴڣҲҪ˵ˣ֮£ܿͽ䳹׸ɵˣɱ߻
ϾЩ߶δ۷ڣ¸ͺݺ˵ΪǿĴڣҪɱǺѣΪ˱ֱ֦ӸɵΪ
ͷˮȫɵ֮ɢռеѩ
ȻǿռʮСͰɫһγˡ
ûд֣ҪͨؿɱϵǺܴ󣬹ؼʮ档
ţüͷ΢塣
û´ĻӦǸؿˡ
ҲЩɻ˵û˵ıؿɣȥһһɫ򣬿ʲôӦʱעκķ
ȥĻпʲôΣգȻ²⵽ǱؿڽȥӦջʱˣϾոոɵͷˮ壬ҪռлΣյĻҲ̫˵ȥˡ
֮ܶЩɫǱĿԲСǴΣյĿܡ
ЩŵĿУЩСͰɫһ˹ȥȻԶԶȥҪС
ţǰɫ˲һͨɢŰ׹ӳ˵ǰȫ˿Ǳؿ
ң⻹һѰıؿһѡԵıؿҲ˵ʣĸˣÿ˶ѡһɫ㣬жб֡
ؿҪǸɵռˣƾеĻܿʣֻһˣôֻܻһݻݽ˵ǣĸȫˡ
¶ЦݣδǰɫӣǽЯţ˹Ȼȱš
ֱӴ򿪰ɣпܵõһЩʴ¹оܶõĶ֮սЩҲ˵
ҡҡͷûպӣֱӽӻظ
ԣҲû̫ᣬ˵ͷӡ
Уһ׹Ȼҫ˳һѳս˵С
ѳǼ̫ƷҸĳʾġ
ܵˣȽԶҲܵˣⳤϸʾģǹԵʾģǻϵ̫֮ġ
˵УҪ˵˭ΪһЩʾ¸ˣڿɲǷսƷʱ
߰ɣǶȥѡһɫ㣬յӦÿ˶ܵõһ
ܵõʱ򣬵ȻҪŪֵģȻҪʮֻҪһ룬ɱһͷʮܵõһֶΪ
һѳ̫ƷҪ˵䱾ļֵϸŵʾģӳԶһѰɼıˡ
Ҫ֪ڶһԶżУõ̺ɭħĵʯⶫڶһԶżУֻôһ
ڣһĳо̺ʾģƾʾģɼʴ¹еıжô
¸ͺݺˣɢѡһöɫ㣬Ȼ̽ȥȻһõһӡ
ǰɫӣ˵õӲȴͬ
õһϾӣ¸ͺݺŮõĶһɫӣӦǺƳɡ
ղϵ̶ȣȻʲôϾӲǸĶںӣͱȰҪһ
۾˵
öˣֱӴ򿪺ˡ
ЦһЦֱӴԼеϾӣ˵ϾӱȰӸӺôеĶӦҲһЩ
ܿϾӣһɫâɢųǰһ׹ģĶǵ׹ȫϾƳɣ׹ŵģһʮǳͼ
ǡʮǵ׹
ǰһϾӵʱĳصԼԺУۣʮǵ׹ȻԿóһЩžɵĵ׹׹ʮͼϾЩ̫۵ѺۣȻⶫЩġ
ȻԴƷ
״ʱ¶˾ȵȻЩԴƷʴ¹оȻֶУҲ̫˵Ԥˡ
ԴƷʲô
Щ棬ǵһ˵ʡ
ԴƷ񾳽ǿߵıԴᾧһ˵ֻһ񾳽ǿŻһԴƷһ˵ԴƷǾбõģ˵սһ֣ڷ棬϶ǳԽκսģѵ۷̫Ʒ
һ£һΣڱǺסɵͷͷ񣬾Ͷû۳ԴƷֻ۷εǿ󣬲пԴƷԴƷõģôֻҪˣκµĹ˺㣬ϧģȻ϶ҲǿվЩơ
ԭˡ
ĽͣʱҲͷһ𣬾Ȼ۷εǿ۳Ķʮǵ׹ȻǰѳĶ࣡


1501 ͬ
һ˵ͼԴƷĶ˵嵱УĶûм
˵ϴθɵͷ񣬶ûκһͷܹԴƷģɼⶫ֮󣬲ɱܵõģɱܶпܵõһ
ԣȻõʮǵ׹Ѻ۵ģȻǳѵá
ݺ׹ȴŰɣôǿĻʴ¹ҲӦܸӰȫһЩ
ʮǵ׹ֱӶһԵĺݺϾǱȽϵĺݺİΣ
ϧⶫֻһҪȻݺ¸Ůһͺˡ
¸迴źݺסöʮǵ׹ȻЩĽȴûмʣϾҲʮǵ׹ı˭ɡ
¸ͺݺŮ¸УԼǱȲϺݺķģ˭أ
ű¸ͺݺˡ
ݺоʮǵ׹¸ֱӴеĺӣȻһ貹âҫ˳ǰģȻһö쾧һƷĴ֮
ֱۣԼȻһ
˵ոǰ̺ʾĵĳֵʮսŹѫĻôһö쾧һƷĴ֮ֵͬƣҲġ
Ȼ۸ǹؼ
ؼڣЩƽʱѧԺòĶٶսŹѫ򲻵
쾧һƷĴ֮̺Ĵ֮쾧Ʒ֮屶쾧Ʒ֮Ķʮ屶쾧Ʒ֮ļ۸սŹѫ쾧һƷĴ֮ҲǼֵһڶ࣬ο쾧ƷһƷĴ֮ǾЧġ
¸ţȻö쾧һƷ֮ȡ˳
ֻһöǳɫˮģĶ̺⣬ҫԸܵг˴֮⣬̺һЩʲôãڳľһ˶֪ˡ
ûмĴ֮Ͼÿһö֮Чͬ
źݺҲеĺӣȻзһӵʯûз˿ĹâʯϿ̻һЩͼĳֶ
һط
һ͵ó˽ۣȻҡҡͷϧ֪طʲôЧ
˻һΧռλãǽĸȫ֮󣬳һͷɢĹâֻҪͨͷǾܵһؿȥ
ȴż
һһؿðɡ
˵Ȼ¸ͺݺʾһ¡
¸˵ͷʴ¹еõĶѰ֮ܹ͵յĻܹٵʵ
رǣ¸籾ͱȺݺҪ߳һЩڵõö쾧һƷĴ֮еĴ֮ȫգܹͻƣ̤뵽δ׵ľ統ȥ
ݺǽǿʯ֮䣬˶ԿüǿʯصĶ
ʯǲȱģֻǰطҪ֪أܿܵõʴ¹ڲпܵõҲпܣѾʧˡ
۾ô˵ⶼǴʴ¹еõطˣСеܶ࣬ǰطٶҲĶȥ
ֻҪ㹻ܰطѸƵȥ
ֻҪ㹻Ĵܹ֮طھص۷壬ƾ֮⡢꾵طֶ
Ϊֹûаħ֮أȻֻͣڵصλãͼƣҲǳӡһʮöպǰѵصĶʮͼȫӡԺС
ȥ˵Ҫħ֮ģ͵ĺĴ֮õ֮Ļ϶ģ˵ħ֮ĵֻͣһ²С
Ȼ֮ûУȴǺܶġ
ȻСеĹô֮ԴС˵Щ㲻ʲôʱڣѾ㹻
ڣʯֱмŵط
ͺݺŮҲһڿʼʯϼŵط¸裬ȥö쾧һƷ֮ˡ
˵һʼԼģǵȳȥԺͳһսƷȻھǵʵǾûҪȵȥٷˣ˭Ҫ˭ͺˡ
ʵ˵֮Ĺϵޱȵܣݺ֮Ͳ˵ˣ֮䣬Ҳǳ˺ܾõѹϵڴҶǺӵˣʲôöҲûʲôҪġ
¸裬ҲǸݺһѧԺôѧԺģ໥ͼΪϤ
ڼȻ˶һӣôԿĶͽǸԾˣΪ򵥺
ݺطʯ˶ãõʮǵ׹϶ǲģ¸õ쾧һƷ֮ʯϵطҲǲġ
ȻҲҪȽϿΪһ൱ھֻʯϵط
˵ʮǵ׹Ը͸ݺģҲԼջҪ֪ںݺ˶ˣ˻Ҫֵô
طЧƺԼ߹һȻһ̶ͬΧڵĵз
һ£Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壺һǵһμطǰӴطȫǶԼиģû뵽طһ似ˡ
֪ͬЧΣȻǿ໥䳢һ£ͬЧ
һ˵һͬطСеԴԴϱ͵ȫ£ȻʯصķʽϳԹһͬ
طѶȵ㲻̫ѣҪҲ͸֮࣬Ȳħ֮ġ
⹹ͬط˵ǱȽİģԿҪѲٵʱܹϰߣɹ
ʱţŹȥһʱʱ䣬ݺˣ඼ͬʱɹһصͬطȻ˶һۣ׼๥һ£ͬЧΡ
ȹ㿴ɡ
ݺͷߺһֱѪɫͳϮ˹
Ѫɫ⣬Ǻݺһͨͨľ֣֮ѪɫֻйãûиЧѰսʹõġ
ԸպúʣΪȷûͬѪɫҲ˺ģھͿڰȫǰ£ͬЧˡ
һ̧֣ոɹͬչΧһɵķΧ֮ڡ


1502 ǰ
ѪɫͬϮ
Ҳû͹ͬȻϸ۲Ѫɫ̬Ѫɫ뵽ͬΧڵʱ̿ʼͬ
ֻѪɫ⣬ͬУ𽥱ԽԽСϱͬתͬһ֣Χڣ䲻ϮȴҲϱ
ϧǣֻǵһصͬÿʱֻͬٷ֮һѪɫͬʼϮߣֻҪʱ͹ˡ
Ҳ˵ͬʵҲٷ֮ǵûС
һͬЧʵ̫ˣǼ
üͷ㲻ֱӱѪɫУֱۺ֮䣬Ȼħ֮תܵ˿ʼѸٻָ
ݺѪɫ⣬ɱҲǿҲ˷ʱȥˡ
˼ʯϵͬطȻһصͬÿֻͬзٷ֮һȽϸߵĲΣЧӦû᲻ġ
¸裬Ǽö쾧һƷĴ֮ԼС置Ȼ粻ϱƽδ׵ľ磬źܿö֮ﱻϣܹ̤뵽δ׵ľˣʱ˵ۺʵǿ
ʱ䲻ţ˲ϹעŷͷֻҪǲȥĻ⴫ͷͻһֱڣⱦؿѾսˣˮͷǿ壬ȥҲ֡
ʴ¹򣬻ǱȽϹ̽ʵģԲֹԭȻʱ䲻̫ʴ¹ʱҲ̫ࡣ
ǰ˵Ķ飬ܹͬһʮʱҲʱ䣬ʱûǰĻϷȫ۳ֱӱͳʴ¹
ϢҲǾϵļ˺ʦ˵óĽۣһＫǰÿνʴ¹򣬾͵˵һؿͣˣֱ챻ͳȥ
ǵȻôˡ
ǰǱģпܵĻҪǰ򣬵߸ȥܹõǿߵĴУǽ·;϶Ǹӵһƽ
ʱȥ
ڽͬط˵صĲΣǿʯҲûʲôˣҲʱ¸Ҳڽö쾧һƷĴ֮ϣϢֱӱδ׵ĲΡ
һ£¸Ļ࣬ۺʵõ˴ڵ¸裬Щ߶δ׵壬ҲôľˣǻĲ࣬ѾСһ̶ȡ
δ׺߶δ֮䣬Ļ࣬ҪֲôˣȻЩȽǿģ߶δ۷ڣ¸һ˻ǲԵģĶ֣ҪǵС
¸裬ͬɣͬЧ
Ժݺ˵ţȻԼԹͬúݺԼ
ݺȻ۳Ѫɫ⣬ȻϮһʱ򣬷ͬǰʱЧģݺ͹ѪɫϮٶһ㡣
Ѫɫ뵽ͬķΧ֣֮ͬϵԼͬʱȴҲͬΪͬһ֡
ÿٷ֮šصͬЧ㲻̶ǹ̶ٷֱȵĻԿǿĴڵʱЧͷǳá
һȻ˵ǰԡ
ӿһɹ⽣ƿϮܿ㼲̵ͬУͬģһʱ䣬ɹ⽣㱻˰ٷ֮ţ
ȻҲͽһʱ䣬ɹ⽣Ѿ䵽ϣϾ乥ٶʵ̫ˣͬԷĹȴ޷赲ԷĹ
һֱֱӱն߶ħ֮ģʱܳԼһֱ
Ȼǹ̶ٷֱȵطã㣬ܽھ۷壬ÿзƵİٷ֮ʮһ
۾ܹﵽǸ̶ȣͬʵ̫ǿˣֻϧǿûк漸صܹأЧҲںϺü
ͬһֶΣʤǿĿԱøֻϧڲŵصͬսҲʲôãǿߣҲֻܹ΢һ°ˣ޷ԷĹ
ͬǿߵĶԿУͬȴܹռˡ
໥һͬЧȻֶԺݺ𹥻ԼֻҪǵݺֱӾͱʮǵ׹ֵס
ľϢʮǵ׹赲Σʩչǿֶο
ݺ˵
˵ͷϢͨйǿֶˣȴȫ޷ͻʮǵ׹ķ
ʮǵ׹ķ׹еĴ洢ģֻϧ洢ÿʱÿ̶ڻָҲ˵Ϣƻ޷ʮǵ׹ٶȴڻָٶȡ
ϢҲһöӰĻƻʮͿսֶˣϧڻǲ˲١
ţ㻻һֶֹΡ
ƸȫȻȭͷ㳯źݺȥ
һʼֱӸʮĿսӳɣǿսһ̶ֶ֮ΣһȭͷǱȾϢǿȴȻ޷ͻʮǵ׹ķ
ˣзӦˣ
ݺ˵ϸ۲ʮǵ׹״̬öԴƷķޣ֮սҲܹһЩ
ϻӳȭͷսĲͷţȫ£ȻսƲϵӣսȭڲϺʮǵ׹ϲ˸ǳ貵Ĺâ
ˡ
ܿ죬ݺ㿴ʮǵ׹еĵһ룬ʱѾʮȭҲ˵ÿλӳһȭʮ౶Ŀսƻ
ʱÿһȭʮǵ׹İٷ֮ңǻָָˣȥֻҪӵһٲĿսƣȭܰʮǵ׹ķ顣
Ȼһٲս£ҲܲסôǿĿս˵һǧ˰٣״̬ҲӲȭ
Ҳʹţӵʮǵ׹ĺݺѾԺǿƻƽй֮ȫݺһڹʮǵ׹֮ǰݺɵ
ݺֻҪչܿ׾ܲɱʧ
Ч
ǰһڷˣʴ¹УܹһƵʮǵ׹ĴҲˡ
٣һ£ҲԼһƿʮǵ׹ķ
úݺİȫϴΪӡ
֮ǰҵ뵽һ⡭
˸žâͨոնԺݺĺ뵽һܺõֶΣǽȥжɺаգ


1503 ˵
뵽⣬̾Ϳʼжˡ
ŮȵԼһȻֱ۳ԼʮĹŲӰЩĹŲӰվԼǰ
Ȼոյʮսƣڼսȭڣսȭͷۣһȭ˲佫һĹŲӰƬ
ȻĿսƾֵһ
ȻȽ˷ڵ˵˷ʲô֮ǰʱڣѾԱȻҽȫָ۷塣
ȥȻսʱ佫̲٣ǡȴڸչʱӵеϰٲĿսƣʲôȽѲĶ֣һбܽ
еĻĹŲӰȫʱŶŮЦŵ˵ͷˣǳɡ
Ů֪ʲôɸԵ˵ͷ֪һڸտʼʱͱǿսڽȥսȻռơ
һͨ˷ĴȻһһ䵱УΧȻǰɫĻɵǽڣⷿʲôûУһƬտȻֻǴ
ΪǸոսܵһϮ
Ǿ񹥻ֶΡл
ʶʲôҧأЩܣΪϵ˰ٲĿսƣĸպǿս޷ԸĻ壬ָо˶ı
õǻ壬ĳЩֵֹ壬ϾԸԼֶεġ
ԭһδ׵ʱͶԼֶΣδ׵Ļɵ˵ڣѾﵽδ׵ľ磡
֮⣡
ûκεԥݺʩչ֮⣬Ҹȫӳһ飬ǿ˸ʮʶ֪ܿ죬ĸĴھͱǸԸ֪ˡ
ʵ򡭡
ԭþ֮壬ֱӽЩģתһ룬뵽ʵһС
ûκԥֱӾʩչʵȻֱӴ߶һƷҪͷ嶼״̬תΪʵ״̬
֪вУʣɹĻôԺҪԸͱøӵˡ
ûʧ
ͷԶĲͬص㣬һӾͱʵסȻ߶ε֮Ȼֱγһʵ壡
óϲ⡣
սУ
սȭڣ
ʩչ˲ʧһѾһͷδ׵ĻǰȻһȭɵʵ˲飡
ʵֶΣȻǱȽϺģڻ˵ȴҲ㲻ϹֵֶΣΪڻ塢սսϣʵ;֡
Ըսôܲúã
ȻʵҪɹҲҪһ츳УսҲʲô嶼ܹʶģΨһЩȽϴսвŻᶯֶγ
ʩչʵ򣬽ͷӰʵ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƣֱԿսȭںһͷ
ķѣٴתΪ״̬ĻӰҲǲٻˡ
⣬ݺǳһͷʩչԼľϵ̫ͨѪɫЯŶԾƻ˲併һͷδ׵Ļϡ
ѪɫϸŵĶԾƻһ̺Ȼ۵ʵֱӺ˷飡
Ӱʵ֮󣬻˵뵽˼ƣΪʵ壬ܱһѰĹУ䱾ʻ꣬ܵ깥Ҳˡ
һʲôܶԻɼ˺
رǣЩûӦǻҪ͵ϮˣֱӷӦһʵǶʱȫˡ
ʣͷ߶δ׵ĻȴҲǷӦ˹
Ըһģħǻϵʱǻȴ˲仯Ӱʵ򣬶޷ٴתΪʵ״̬
ȻͷʩչʲôǿֶΣʵʧЧˣһֱӰ״̬
ͬʱͷ߶δ׵ĻȻľϵ̫֮ɵƻ籩ųϮ
ķ籩ǱȥѰ߾Իᱻǿľƻݻٵ꣬Էʩչһ˼
꾵
һתϸһ㾻꾵ֱ뵽˶Էľƻ籩У
ʮķһ˲㽵ٵͷ߶δ׻ϣֱӾУʱûǾƻ籩ܵķֱɱʩչߣҲɢ˿ȥ
Ը壬ֶοر࣬ҶԵġ
֮طʵǻǣԷȻʵ򣬵ȴԾ֮û˿취
仰˵Ҫ磬ﵽδ׵ĻôǶվµĻ嶼˺ķֺǾ֮Ŀֲ֮
ϧɱ壬ᱻʴ¹գҪȻĻǿԿЩСǷŰӰԵľ
ڱȽȱٰӰϾһöӰܸܴʵ档
Уͻʣһͷ壬ͷͲȥŮˣ¸ͺˡ
ʣͷ壬רעʵжԸҪָ״̬ҲģֻʵڷеɴܣҪܡ
ֻϧ¸Ĺƴʱֱӽ٣ǳƿնȻ䣬Ȼ߶δ׵Ļ壬ʱ˿ҲǸֵס
Ͳʵ幥ķֶΣǳƿնûκεķ취
˵ʵϣɱͷܹҲֻһ˲ʱѡ
ӵһͷ屻ɵʼѾ˴ͷ󣬸ոͷ壬ҲڳŴͷӴܣȴûüɼ˵жǺεѸ١
һ·ɡ
ڵ˵ķͬϾɱͬ
ͨؿĻʮ֣ʱͻһٷ֣ʣ¾ʮ֣ݺʮ֣¸ʮ֡һ֮ٵľͲʮ֣Ҳûа취顣
ֻɱܵõܶʱ˭ɱͷ壬ûа취пơ
ոͷʩչƻ籩Ļɣֱӿ꾵ȥĻҪӦԶҪѺܴսкܹ˼õˡ
ҲǸոգ¸ܹɵһͷ壬һ£ȡ˵ķƽһ㣬˶һߵȽϿĵط
ͷ嶼ɵ֮󣬺ݺһЦҪͺˣ壬˿ܻЩ˺ܼѣ˵رļء
Ϊڣ
ҲЦһЦû뵽ԻĿƾȻﵽĵز˲ȫͷ塣
˵ģ³ĸԸĸ壬¶ûɴ䣬侻֮塢ʵУԻĿʵ̫ǿˡ


1504 ӲսԨ
˴󣬼ǰ
һΣȻǸչϮǾȻͷнԨǿߣͷ߶δ۷Ĵڣͷδ׵ľ硣
̤ϴ󣬴͵ʱͷԨǿ̾ͳǷ˹
Сģ
һȱһͷ߶δ۷Ԩǿߣͬڵһ㣬Ȼ
ֻüǿһսϣԷѾϣǲսֱ飬Ȼ峹ײ飡
Ԩ屾ǿƣڷ͵Ϯ˿ɵ
ֱӱײ˰壬пս΢赲һ¶ԷҪȻĻ¾ħ֮ĶᱻԷײɾʹˡ
ˣ˵ˡ
һ㣬ʵΪǿᣬһֱ̧ǺڰɫħϹ赲סͷ߶δ۷Ԩ
ĵ¸軹кݺˡ
ݺãʮǵ׹ǳ֮˲ۣ͵ϮĻֻδ׵Ԩ壬ǱȽɵĽԷ
¸ûʮǵ׹ķˡ
ķӦҲһɲǱʩչ˾޾Ʒ似Ѿ˳Ȼ֮Էײϵһ̣ȫǹҫ˲˸Զȥ
Ȼ¸һαԷײ˼ѿҲħ֮ģǼѵĻָܹġ
ȻԨ͵Ϯٴ룬ȴһӴ˵Ρ
¸ʩչԶݺȻʮǵ׹ȴҲԷײ˺óһξ롣
Ͳ˵ˣӶԷײ飬Ҳŷɳ˺Զ˾øԶˣֻһ˻ڴ͹ĸħϵֵסһͷ߶δ۷Ԩ幥ơ
ʴ¹УÿһؿżΪյΣ壬ڹؿ
ϢǣڻŽһٲĿսơ
ײ˴֪֮Էٶȼ죬ܸܿһ£һµĻܿħ֮ľͻƻԲ顣
ͬʱҲԼΪˣͷ߶δ۷ĴȥԸô죿
ͬʱͷ߶δ۷ԨǿߣҲǳܲסģ˵ݺ¸ŮˣʵһУڸʩչΪ˶Լ̫ԶˣҪӰ챣˵Ļĵǳࡣ
ڣҲֻһ취ˡ
ľ
ʱڣʬ嶼ת˺ڰһֱУͷ߶δ׵ı壬кüͷδ׵塣
ϾѧԺ̵Уõ˲ǿʬǣ϶ҪЩʬǸƳɺڰģؼˣƸΪʬǳΪڰٶҲӿ˲֪ٱ
߶δײεʬǣҪƳɺڰҲֻҪһʱ䣬µʱ䣬㹻Ƴôڰˡ
ڣҪʱǱݻٵİֻԾľеĺڰֵͷ߶δ۷ԨƬ̡
ȻͷѰ߶δתɵĺڰҪԸͷ۷Ԩǿߣûʲôܣͷδ׵ڰЭסһʱǿ϶ûġ
ͷڰֱɢųʾ߶δ۷Ԩǿ߸סȻԨǽ֮Ȼֲ̺ŵƻֻô򵥵ĳײ㽫ڰİΧȦˡ
ͷԨ壬Ͼмǻ۵Ĵڣ֪ٻЩڰﶼǹؼҪͨʴ¹Ĺؿ뽫ɱС
ԣԨֱӳ˺ڰİΧȦҪɱɢ⣬ڿռԵüĿ
һΧڰʾĳͬһڰһ㣬ͷԨ岻סԨͻҪͻƳҲһʱ顣
ʱ䣬ȴѸٴ߶ħ֮ģԼƻָܿȫ״̬
ȫָǱһͷδײεĺڰѾͷԨײ飬ڰײ壬ױ
һֱ̧֣ӾͽʣµĺڰﶼջصУȻڲռС
ƣ
Ѿϵߵ˫磬⻹޾Ʒսһƣɲô׾ֵܹġ
߶δ۷Ԩ壬ǿᣬ̹˫ڰкȻֲȻ˫ź˿ȥ
δ׵Ԩ壬ĳײ֮УռһЩˣϧԷΪʵ̫ǿЩ
ϣȻозʱ˿ǾҲǳѿײ飬һԷͬɣǿ͵ͷǱһ衣
һ̱Ȼ뿪սʩչ֮£˲ͷ߶δԨ󣬳ͷŽľ޴Ԩһȭ˳ȥ
ʱֻоһսĲתһȭȻһּ亨ĸоǴǰʩչսȭڴûеġ
ս塭ͻƵ˻
һȭǿսȭǿս޾Ʒ似˻ܹ֮ʩչֶΡ
սȭѰսȭڵ屶ֻڿսƵӵһٲ²ܹ߶ʩչֵעǣսȭ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ǿѾ˲ˣһȭûͷԨأԼ㿪ʼ˿ȫѪɽ
ϾǱȿսȭǿ屶ս似һȭ˵ǿսһ似ľڣϵ˰ٲĿսƣ൱ڱٱĿս
һȭ˲ʱͷ߶δ۷Ԩϣһֲ̣ĿսıͬһͷŭЯ޾ѹƣͷԨɳȥ
ԸܵһȭѾͷԨˣ˲ᣬ˵ǸԼܵ˲ء
ħ֮İɱһָͷԨ壬һصģʱѳ˺üŴӺüϮ
ֲ˷ѹȶһܸոһ亹ֱԷķӦٶʵ̫ˡ
ӲսԨ壬رһͷ߶δ۷Ԩ壬ʵǹڵѣҲرĴ̼г˷ܣϼ٣ӲӲĶײܹսĵǿս似յĻ
սȭ
΢̣˱ս֣ʱ˿̣ÿʩչսȭܹĿսƣҲ˵սȻܹӣֻӵĲԽߣʩչս˺Խ


1505 Ϊս
ջ˺ڰﵽ֮к󣬾ͲʩչսȭͷԨ岻Ϻȥսڿռ֮вϻϽս뵽˼伤ҵĵز
Ԩ廯壬ӲͬϮͬüͷڿռһ磬Ȼ
ıƴƽϾԷǿ壬һ߶δ۷壬ֻһ̤뵽εĳǿڡ
ſսƵӵһٶ㣬ҲǿܹԹأֵס
һԷĻᣬĻϾ군ˣʲôȥĿԣԣڿսȭһ̶ֹܹͣ
һȻʩչսתһλãȻӲߺ󷽺սȭǿ͵Ŀս֮ԽԷѳĽɣܶһˡ
սе˫ٶȣܹǿȥȵԷϤٶȺ·¾ͻᷢһּǿĴʱͲɱֻܻޣߴ߶ʵˡ
һߡ
Կһͷ߶δ۷ԨǿߣȡЩ΢ƣڰħ֮ڿռвƣһͷѾԨϮ
֮£ͷԨֻܹбĵֵҪЩƵ򣬶סǿĴп
Ԩ岻ܾԴУƴһ屻ħ٣Ҳڻ谭ı弲
ȴһ̧֣ħ֮ԼƣȻ䲻ͬȻ෴ȴĽһ𣬹ͬһ㼫ǿħϡ
ͨ似սֶβħ֮ĲֶͬΣħ֮ΪӳͬЧԸˡ
ͻƳĽ壬ħֱ֮ӵֵס޷
ռ˾ԵƣܼĽƣȴͷԨǿ̶ȣµȵľ޷䳹׸ɵ
ҲǼȽϽԲŻҪѸٻ֣ܶӶȥˡ
һ
ݺǱȽյģʮǵ׹ԴƷʵĲ̫ܱһͷδײεԨ˺ˣʮǵ׹ķҲ޵ġ
֮ǰԹҪһٲĿս£ֻҪȭͷܽʮǵ׹ķƣȻʮǵ׹ķȻָָٶȴô졣
Ҳˡ
ͷδײεԨ壬ȻԵ߶δ۷Ԩôǿ乥ǿҲǼ侪˵ģرǱԷ֮ǿͳײĻʮǵ׹ķܵĴΪǿᡣ
ǣݺҲܴԭؾôԷ
ʮǵ׹ŷ޶ͷԨʵҪȻĻܿܵȵʮǵ׹飬ֱӱԷɵˡ
ڣںݺδףԷĻҲû̫Ĳ࣬һЩ似ͨս֮ģǿֲġ
ѪɫĻ֮䣬ݺʩչԼĸֶΣӰ޾Ʒ似۳ѪɫӿֳȻͷԨס
Ԩͻȴ޷ͻӰϾ޾Ʒ似ݺ˳Ȼľ磬ҪһӰʩչֱӱ߱
ͻȻúݺһһԷɾҪܴܺˡ
ѪɫٿȻûκԥݺʩչԼɱǿֶΣľϵ̫ͨѪɫ۳ӵֱӹԷĿֲЧ
رǶԨ˵Ȼǿ껹治ô
Ѫɫ޺Ȼɱ㽫Էľƻһ֮࣬ͷԨʶĲҲֽ˺ü壬ǿдӰн˳
Ȼһ壬޷ӰסȻѪɫ޲ϹܿһѸɢе곹ױݻ١
ͷδ׵Ԩ壬ɵһ֡
ȥսԺݺ˵Ȼ㲻ɣΪԷӰסһΣͲܱסڶΣҶԷǷѳ˽壬ֱӲͬźݺ
ȻӰͬʱҪסôٶȼĿҲǲܵġ
ȥԺݺ˵ѵʱ̡
Ȼ˫ֻһ磬ܹʴ¹ģȫǸ嵱еľӢǰͷδ׵Ԩ壬óȥͷҲɶԸѰ߶δǿߵġ
һߣ¸ڶԸһͷδ׾Ԩ塣
¸Ȼûʮǵ׹ķٶȺͿģҪԷͬδףԻ࣬û˭ѹ˭
Ȼˣ¸ҲԷ棬ϾԷԨ壬Ǻһ塣
Ԩ崿ӲûбѡҪȻȫɵһΪ
ﵽȻ֮ÿ˸ȥܹռϣǳ֮ԭصĶסһʱ䡣
¸տʼʩչξԨ嶼ɵɵıԭȵ׷ֱ¸˸ߣжˡ
֮ԨҲ֪ԼǾ׷¸ģǱ㳹׷ɢߵ壬Ӹͬ¸׷ٶȱȸոպΪһʱ죡
ԨֶΣҲǼʶˣԶڶԷֽɽ壬¸Ҳ׼
岼
ǳ꣡
ǳ֮ڳв˸֣һס򣬽ߵ嶼סˣȻ޷赲סԷǰȴöԷٲά
ÿҪ¸һ岼ǳжƷͬʱӣĶġ
ңԷֽߵ壬¸˵ոպá
ԷΪһʱ¸Ĺ޷͸ԷԶԷʲô˺
ھͲһˡ
ǳƿն
ǳɾ޴󵶹⣬ض䣬һȻռ䶼Ҫƿ岼ǳжƷǵѹȥ
ǽ屾ͱסҪɶ㿪ȴǸǳƿնٶʵ̫Щ
ԷȻҲ׼Ԥϵ¸轫סֶ֮ᷢΣԴʱ˿̣𣬾Ȼһصķϳ档
ԨͨȻڷֶΣҪ֪Ԩֶȫ
ԷķϣڶԷĳս̫Ʒ֮ĶǽϷ𣬾Ȼ¸ǳƿնֱӵס޷ͻֺ
ⶫеʮǵ׹ЧѵǵõƵԴƷ
¸üͷ΢壬Ļ治ѸٽͷԨˡ
˸Ϊսһʱս˽֣ǽʴ¹ѵһս⣬Ȼֻǿʼѣ


1506 ں
߼ֵס
ǱҪսʤҲҪһʱ䣬ĵܴһ
ݺڵսҲȡһЩɹԷ֮Ӱȵֶζ޷סԷֻʮǵ׹зǡ
¸赹ûʲôΣգҪָɵҲǺҪѹ򣬾Բһʱ顣
ͬԸԨִս廹ûʲôá
ܿһ¸ոɹطͬȴûʲôãԷײǻ弲̹޷ͬġ
ֻͬĵȵȵ޷Էһ㱻ȷ
ее㽩֣ߣȻԷΪͻƿڣֻҪȸɵôԸͷ߶δ۷ڣתսȥط춨ʤ֡
ڵ˵һ
һпȫû
ȻؿܿһͳģһؿһˣҲһԼ֮еһ
ҪȡһЩսϧǣԷʵǲ̫ˣܹǿֵסѾļˣҪɵԷǲܵ顣
Ҫ֪Է߶δ۷ĴڣǻҪһܸɵԷ
£ֻܼסɵˡ
ݺǱߣʮǵ׹ıӦܼס
¸ͷݺ෴ֶνԷƵòά裬ѳߵ嶼޷¸һ¸ҪɱͷԨȴҲûôס
˵ͻƿڣֻˡ
ԷȻҲһ㣬ʵ˵ǿһ˲й޹ֻҪֵסһʱ䣬ɵ־Ϳˡ
ʱ򣬱ħסͷԨʩչֶΡ
һڵĽն˲ɳֲǸɫĽնɢһʱ侹Ȼħ׷׻ɣ
Ԩս
塢սͬԨսʲôȴԨԨ죬ʼ̣ԨǿܹԶԶľ
ɫնԨ˳ɨȥֱɢΧħȻնͷȻ£ۿžҪҳ
ϧǣȻöԷóѡ
ǼѾ̫Ʒ֮⣬Ȼս֣һ̱һѩ׷ɽз˳ɹ⽣˲Ǹɫն֮ϡ
ʱҲΧϮֲĳײ֮Ҫɷ飬ѩ׷ɽȴҲһΪÿһѷֳķɽŨɱֵס塣
Ȼ֮ǰսûóȫѩ׷ɽһ޾ƷսѾϵ˫ĲΡ
Ҫ֪߶δ۷ĲΣսǽӽƷģҲﵽ۷壬һֶΣȫ˵֮Ϊǿֶ֮һˡ
ȫ޷ͻķתȻźȥɢȥ
ǳݺ¸ڵĵط˹ȥ
ɫһ䡣
壬һͷ߶δ۷Ԩ壬ÿһƻǽǿģе˭ײ϶·һ
ѾΣˣٶĻѳܵס
ݺȻʮǵ׹ԴƷڱţҲ޵ģ߶δ۷Ԩ£ûӾͻᱻݻٵˡ
¸裬ȻܷסδԨĽͻ߶δ۷ԨĽ͵Ϯ϶ҲɺܴţһСıԷײԷǳء
ѩ׷ɽ˲һΪΪʮ
Ӱɽ
ѩ׷ɽս֣ƵһΪҷֳÿһѷɽӵбһ
Ҳ˵һһΪӰɽ
ڶΪʮӰɽΪٴ
ڣӰɽֻʮѩ׷ɽӰӣֱӳ׷˹ȥȻӦһܹüڶԷ֮ǰ׷ϡ
ÿһ߶ʮѻӰɽķڿռѿռС
ʮѻӰɽҲ൱ԭӰɽˣҪ岢ѣؼҪ׷ϲС
Էٶʵ̫죬Ҫûһ˿һԤףֱӾʹߣҪȥ͵ϮˣӦʱԷѾɳһβСľ롣
ȻҲǲ
ݺûа취ֻʮǵ׹赲Է¸Ǽʩչͬʱ岼ǳĶƷԷԷٶȡ
˳֮£ԷôҲ׷¸ĲҪ˺¸裬ǱȽѵġ
ȻԷ߶δ۷ԨڣĻ¸ĶƷºܿͻᱻ
õǣԶƷ˶ԷһĻӰɽ㵽ˣƻ֮£㱻赲סˡ
Σط
ʮѻӰɽֱӳͺݺڴȥʱ˿̣ԭԿͷ߶δ۷Ԩ壬ƺǸо̫ǿȻҲֳ
壬Ϯ壬ܹĵ壬ͬʱźݺڴϮȥԭԸЩ壬ַףĻӰɽ
ţݺܹ壬Ȼڰںγһͷ͵ĽޣźݺڴȻ£
һз̫죬˶ûӦûмͬԨ֮侹ȻܹںϵģӦԨĳֶˣ˺ܹ˵Ԩܹʩչġ
ͷ߶δԨһϣȻǽĿ궨˺ݺϣҪѺݺֱӸɵ
꣡
һѣݺŵʮǵ׹ʱɵǳϱͷͽ޸˲ƻˣںϵĽޣȻȵһһͷԨǿ
ֻһʮǵ׹ķ
һҪæȴʣĵ赲ס޷֣սȭϺȴ޷Է׸ɵԼڲϵı
ĻӰɽҲ˲Ϯ˹ȥҪͷޣȴͷֱӺ俪޷ס乥ݺͷ
ʵ
޼ƿʩ֮£ֻٴʩչֶΣʵɲǼγɣȻȫǽҪݺ֮ǰǰһݺתΪ״̬
޿ֲĹ£ȻݺΪޣԷĹա
ֻһļ󣬱ϾݺԶһξ룬˺üܽݺΪޡ
һöָҩȥڳʱóٶȺǿжٲȫĻݺܿıԷɵ


1507 ѡ
𪲱ϵѩڱһƮ˲ռ䣬һ籩ںһĽްΧ
ܿ죬һ籩бһƻͷ޲Ϻ
˲٣ĵΧϵʩչս壬ҲϵĺսȭÿսƵӵĲԽԽߡ
ʱ˿̣ȻʷǰĴﵽһʮĿսƣ
Ŀսƣһȭ߶δײεǿˣȴҲǼϿѣʱһȭԼֱ۶ˡ
ʱÿһǿսȭܹ߶δ۷ԨǿֻĽ嶼ɲС˺һȭȥֱӽÿѡ
֮壬״Ĳ̶ԣǽÿѣҲ˵˶ԷҪ
Ͼ߶δ۷εԨ壬˵ҪԿ̫ǿˡ
¸ͷ㲻ϾѾδ׵Ϊֵܹסһͷδ׵Ԩ߶δ۷ԨĽ塣
ؼںݺˡ
ȻԾѵ۷̫ƷѩԸǽں壬һʱҲ޷Էɵ
ںݺûǽںĹǼʮǵ׹ϵķҲʼϻָʱæʩչӰǧ꣬ǿʽֱӽǽںס
ħŶڽǽںնƬ
ǽں屻նƬ֮󣬱ַֻ壬ΧɢȥҪɵԨ壬ʵЩѣ
ɱ
ӳֱӸֳһͬʱݺҲ۳Ѫɫޣǵ峹װΧס
Ȼ߶δ۷εԨǿߣһ壬ȴҲֻ߷֮һˡ
䲻ͬʱѡͬһйɱǺݺѪɫޣܹԾɼ˺ͲǾԨǿֵܹסġ
һ̣һ̺ľֱӱݻ١
״ħҲһţ⼸ȫΧ޷ѡ
һ壬ҪõöˣٴںҲ֮ǰǿ
ͺݺʩչһɱ֮󣬱㱻ԵĶֿøˡ
ΧĵĽң鲻ʱԸˣݺԵͷδԨ壬ҲϳֱײȥǿһҪʮǵ׹ķ׺ơ
ʱҲ֪ҪɱЩԨֻܿжˡ
һʼʱȫʩΪѾ˴󲿷ֻܷһöָĵҩȻǽ֣ħȻ£ƻϽЩնƬ
ȻЩ岻ϻָȴҲֹסĹơ
߶δ۷ĴڣȶԷԨ廹ҪǿԵֻ壬ôԷ
Էֻʱˡ
һ屻ɵ˵ѹҲһӼǺݺ¸裬ȫо
Լȫɵȱѡȥ
ΪڻѾ˼ޡ
ٲĿսƣûеӵ̶ȹÿһȭԼըѣټȥĻÿһȭԼԱˡ
ȻʱбͷԨĽɵΣգʣҲŵһˣѡһ֧Ԯ
ħɨΪϵʩչɱһĽ屻ָɵ
̶ȣԨͲΪˡ
룬δִţҪȫɵУһǱؿΪһؿҲҪȫɵеġ
ûж룬ٶ֧Ԯݺ¸裬ű㽫ͷӴܵδԨ˵ˡ
ȫɵʱ˵ķԵúˡ
Ϊ˸ɵĲԨ壬ǷѳĽ壬һͷԨԷѳߵ壬ǵõķƽ
ʱ˵ֱܷǣһʮ֣һһ֣ݺʮŷ֣¸ʮ֡
Ȼ޴Ͼӳ֣ǵֵøԻʮȥӡ
ķߣӵȻˣϴҪͨؿÿ˻ÿ۵ʮ֣˵ķȻʣòࡣ
Ͼӣ˳ڴ
һؿʱһ˵õϾӣ㿪һʮǵ׹ȻģôҲԴƷ亱Ķ
һγϾӣлװЩʲô
ȡһϾӣȡһϾӣȻ˸Իʮ򿪡
ϾӣһɫâɢеľȻһöӰһϲȻǰӰⶫڵ˵ǳ
Ǳߴ֮󣬵õһ̣עŲٽƣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ȻǿѡĽ̫ѡ񡭡
̸˿һۣ˱ЩˣϵĶһǺöÿһöҪܹжһġ
һöϵ̫Ҫһٵܹһܿϧֻ֮ӵһҿ۵֮û취ǰһؿˣѡҲֻܹˡ
Ҫ۳ķҲ٣Щ᲻ãϾڿӿ۵ʮ֣ټϴͨؿҪ۵ʮֻ֣ܹʣ¾ʮˡ
Ϊ˽ʡٶûҪѡǽϵ̫ȱԴƷˮϵ֮Դȵȡ
гƷĴ֮쾧֮ϵĳ֮̺Ĵ֮쾧һƷ֮ʮϣ
ⳬƷ֮Ǹգһ磬ҲɵģҪһƷ֮ҪѰʮðա
Ҫ֪һɵĻĵ˰ʮ޷ɹ̤ʴ¹һˣʧĴˡ
˵ǴҪģؼĻҪѰ̤񾳽Ҫʴ¹ǰҪ̰ͼǰЩؿеıȻǵòʧġ
ԣǴϣֻܻѶʮһһȽõĶˡ
ͬصص
֮ǰǵõͬǰصٵõͬصصѡҲ㲻ϾܹصĻսܹӵЧԲˡ


1508 δԼ
һͬصģ˶ʮѡ
һ֮ҪĵȻˡ
һؿһõ֮ûһ£һսȥŻöԸ
ϧʴ¹иɵ֮󣬶ֵʬᱻʴ¹յҪȻĻЩǿҲܵõٺöˡ
رǸո¸ԸͷԨ壬ϾȻҲһöԴƷҪܵõ־ͺˣֻϧ
Ȼʴ¹ĹҪõֻܴӱؿеõҪôǶԷû֮ǰ֮սʱ򣬶Էôܽ
ȥ˱㹲ͬͬط
ȻֻأЧҲӦܹﵽĳ̶ȣοǲȥܻܿܵõصĻȻʱܽ۷壬ȥܹ֮ġ
ͬڵصʱý븽Χڵĸܵٷ֮ŵÿʱ䶼ٷ֮ŵѾ˵вСˡ
أչӦܹÿٷ֮ʮתΪͬ
ֵһǣͬԹͬۼǵҲ˵ԷĹͬдʱ䣬Ҳȫͬǵֻʣ´ԭķ֮һ
ǵ˵ھصͬЧ˵ǳǿˣϧֻء
ʱ˿̣ݺ¸裬Сдŵ˵Ǻģպÿͬ㹻£طǰصǺܿġ
ʱȥ˾ȫͬ˵ء
Ȼһ£һܲĵطǾһʩչͬĻͬǿԵӵģҲ˵ֻҪͬһʱ䣬൱ܵĴ
Ϊ⣬սĻǶԵеĿԽ࡭
ûԭ̫ͣãȻһ֮󣬱һŷĴȥڳʼѾǰ˴ԼһľˣٹؿӦþܹһȥ
˽彫գӹŹֺ͹죬Ҳһһֻ壬ǻָһ
뵽һ㣬Ǿ⡣
Ȼ岢ͬһ壬ʴ¹ΧǺУפȴһģʴ¹֮Ҳǰ㡣
Ҳ˵ʴ¹ǿߣ֪ϣԹ趨ģ
ʴ¹ֵʱѾ໥˺ܳһʱˣƺҲ
ҡҡͷûжЩûõĶǼרעڽȥĹؿ֮С
˾ؿ֮󣬽һؿȴؿУȻֻʣԼһ˵Ĵڣ
ؿ䣬һƬ֮ɫΧûκζڣͬʱԼͬʱˣҲȫʧˡ
һѵ˵˶ֿˣ
ɲ̫ֲˡ
ʴ¹ǰľ飬ֿҪŻֵ飬ڳʼ򣬻϶һһ͵ġ
ԥأͻȻǰͳһһģһӰӰⷿΧİɫĻ۶ɣȻһģһ
üͷ΢壬ѵؿҪսԵľ
˵رѣΪǰܶˡ
ܿͷؿ˼򵥵ġ
ΪԵԼڵԼδԼ
ôģܼ򵥡ǰǸһģһӰδ׵Ĵڣһ߶δ۷Ĵڣ
ˡ
߶δ۷εԼҪôܽܣ
⼸ǲܵ顣
ֶζԷᣬζԷͱǿ˼ʮ˫һϵĴڡ
˵߶δ۷壬֮ǰԨ壬еȥһԣ߶δ۷ԼԶԸ
ͬʱС
ԵģѾ̤εԼҲüͷȻһЩ֪ˡ
ЩһֱҪ̤뵽񾳽磬һ̤ʵõǰ⾵εʱ˫ʵɲһ㡣
߶δ۷໥֮ʵ̫ˣ
ⲢֻǻˣǻҪʮϣ˵һ̤ǻʱģԿ϶Լһ񣬾Բ֡

ݺ¸裬ҲŲͬŮԵģ߶δ۷εԼ
ңȫ˿޷֪˵Ρ
ж
ǰôһ£
ôǵô˵ʴ¹ôѴҲܸһͨĹؿ˵һȫǸֽϻ
ţȾˡ
һ̧֣ʾĴҪһ£ոں˰Ӱ֮ľϢж
һؿУͬĵص֮⣬õһöӰ뵽˾Ϣ֮ͨС
һֱûгԹʱһһеˡ
ʾۣһ˲һڻǾϢһΣ緢ľϢܹﵽ֮ǰʮϣ
ңϢ֮УȻ̲ĳĸʴ
밵Ӱϵ˵ʮ۷ΣʩչӰĵʱ򣬾ͻĸʴھϢ밵Ӱ֮ٴǿĸʴЧڣܹԵзľиʴ
ܹʩչģɱ֮⣬һпԹԷֶΡ
ԼһоϢ϶Ȼ˵㿪֮취з
۾뵽
ϸ۲߶δ۷εԼϢʲôӦֶܿԷķӦȻԤϡ
ԷûѡޣҲûжκֶΡ
һԪϣǼһǰ۳ţԪԵϱֵסǵϢȻϢƻǿȴҲ޷ǲԪϴݻٵ
Ԫģ
üͷ΢壬ɲԼ߶δ׵ʱ򣬻ȥתԪԵġ
ǰⶫδԼɣ
˵ֻһͶӰͻ
ʴ¹ֶΣû˿ȫ˽⣬ǰĳҲǰ˵ľȫûᵽģȻʴ¹еһ͹ؿ
Ҫͨؿܼ򵥣ǾǸɵǰǸһ
ôɵ˰ɣ便ʲôأʴ¹ֱӽͶӰ߶δ۷εңҺºͷɣֻϧ
ɲô׷ˡ
ؿѾһĲ²⣬ʱȷȴ˵


1509 Ԫط籩
Ĳ²⣬ڳǰĶӦĳ壬ֻΪʴ¹ԭ򣬿ȥ߶δ۷徳Լ
һĻ룬ͷУԼǲҲ߶δ׾ĶԷ
ʴ¹Ŀ飬ֻ壬˵ӦҲһġ
ǰͷ໥֮䣬ӦöǾöԷδǿԼĻ˫϶Щҡû
ʣͷ嶼û
˫Լеٮٮߣ۷״̬µδԼҲֱӱˡ
ʩչϢʱͷ϶һ۾ͿˣǰһԲδԼ
ͷǶԪĵĴڣôͻȻþϢİӰֶأ
δԼ˱仯ĿҲǼСģ
ڼԷԪ֮ҲǷӦӦĳˣֻͶӰ߶δ׵߸ԼԼһ˿š
һҲͰľˣȻ壬߶δ۷ĴڣҲڻû䡣
ŶԷԪϽľϢֵԷ㳯һϵҵĹȫԪ۶ɣ
һҷȻϮһ˶С
ʩչ˿սϣȻ󱻾統Уܿ㱻ϣȻвѣΪħ֮ĵĴ߶ܳ
УҲĻᡣ
ȻУմԽ˸һطȴȻҲ˹
оһ˿˼飬ԷֹƣȻѾΪһ壬ߵĶ͸ĶմԽ˲ҲǰѲˡ
һ׷
һûо£ʩչմԽһ˲ŲƵͷԣ˶Էϣ
Ȼû뵽ʱһȥ
пԼģϺ˿ȥǸʴ¹ͶӰģˡ
ͬ
оħ֮ĶЩ֧Ųסʱֻʩչͬ
ʩչͬʶԷƣպñͬסΪΧתͲͣ߷Χڣͻᱻͬ
ÿʱ䣬ᱻԼ֮һȻ󲻶ϵȥʱȥ͸˺ʲôˡ
ʴ¹еõطЧ
΢̣Ҳ֪ضµЧͬԸֶЧá
ȥͷȻһ޷Ըˣһ̱һδҪС
ԪеıԪģ£еԭͬҲǸˮϵ̫֮ġ
ԪԣȫԻϵ̫֮еı׹ⰵȵȵԪԣй׶̺һ˿ϵ̫֮ƻǳǿȺġĵľƻǿֻǲḽĹЧ
纮ı⣬գӰĸʴȵȣûеġ
ʱ˿̣ԷʩչһΣʱٵϣԪغƺҪ׶ɱ顣
ֶΡ
״ȴ۾ûкʽ
ǿֶλǾ񹥻ֶΣ˵ЧֶΣһʩչһܴĻᣡ
꾵
ȫ±꾵ڵŶԷʩչһα㱻꾵ֱӷ˻ȥһʮķֱӽ屾У
ţ߶ȻһȭһȭϺȥϵĿսơ
ʱαй²ѿ
ȵ飬ͷ³ǰʱѾʮսơ
֪ͷ徿ʲôΪġ
ʴ¹ڲ£ж϶Է磬ôֻҪϵӿսƣ϶ָܽɵġ
¶Է߶δ۷ĴڣҲ޷ɱԷҪ֪֮ǰһʱڻһֱûжһǿֶΡ˼Ѫء
˼Ѫôͷ߶δ۷Ԩ壬пܱһ˸ɵ
ȻҪĴҲС
ǿ˼ѪҪģǺܶഴ֮ˣ޸С磬ϵĴ֮޸Сġ
һ˼Ѫ˽ȥĹؿУʱսܾܿҪ٣ϾС綼ܵ˲Сˡ
Ȼֻһˣ޷ɵͷĻ˼ѪҲǱȻˡ
ڲϵӿսƵĹУԷҲͷųԪԵĹ𡢹ⰵףָԪعÿһֵƻǿܹݻٵߵ
Ҫ֪ǿȿȫ൱߶δ׵Ĳεģ
ħ֮ģܹϴ߶طԺӡһʮͼƣٶȼѸ١
ִļһͷ˼ᷳ
ܿҲܵˣÿһȭǿУӦĳֿսʱ似
һ̱ʹһڵʯͷóһ̫ƷѾѵ൱ߵĲΣһʮһصľѼʩչ
ڰ۶ǿʯͷֱӳ
ԷͨոյΣѾֶ֪ζûʲôãڶȫǳͷβĹֶΣӰΧĿռ䶼סˣûκѵĿܡ
̫ƷĵʮһؾѼҲ˵൱¸ǳƿնҶԷ磬ܿǱ¸ǿ߶δף


ȻǵʮĿսƣҲȷսֱֵܷӾʹ߶УȻ߶˺ü
ЩӰϺϣȻɱݻٵˣ
ţЩӰȴ޷ƻˣɼԷһй߶δ۷ĴڣҪȻĻһпܶһЩѺۡ
˿
߶δ۷壬ֻѰ߶δ׵ĻԸһҪð˼Ѫˡ
մг㷢ֶԷĹһν١
Ԫط籩
ȻǶԷ˺ܾõֶˣˮ𡢹ⰵףԪķֱΧֻ۹γһصĿֲ籩
Ԫط籩ÿԪ֮䣬Ȼһ໥Ȼ󲻶ǿ
ʱţԪط籩ڱԽԽǿ


1510 Ӱ
Ԫط籩еˮⰵףԪԵ໥֮侹Ȼͨøǿ
ȻǶԷһԪط籩ǿڣȥֻҪԪط籩еԪ໥ײԪط籩ƻͻԽԽǿ
ͬ
ԥļͬȻԪط籩ڴ˹ȥ
ȻԷԽԽǿǾͽڱȽʱ
ܿɵһԪط籩УȻǸոγɲõԪط籩ƻѾǳˣԪԵ໥й˼ǿ˺֮
ֻǼʱ䣬ͬЧ£Ƿ籩һɲʲô˺ˡ
ʣͬĿǰͷֶΣöԷֶܶζʩչѾزˡ
ԪɵԪط籩ȻڲϱǿǿٶȣȴȲϱͬٶȣԪط籩ҲԽԽ
һ̣۳ĻĹŲӰϳԪط籩ȭͷս˲䱬ȻԪط籩˿ȥ
ӵĿսƣҲڴﵽ˰ʮĳ̶ȡ
һЩֶûʩչģ簵Ӱ֮֮ͨģЩʱûҪʩչڹؼʱʩչ޶ȵķӳЧ춨սʤ
ӦģĶȻҲһЩɱﵵսֶûʩչ
ԪͷۣΪŤϾͷӱϿȫȫԼģ
Ԫ֮ξͿˣֻʣԪط籩ϴԪط籩۳һЩСͽڴ
ЩСͽԪغɵģԪػɵģҲԪطɵģɫٶȼ졣
һЩСͽγһ꣬ڴŰϮ
ԪؽȻ֮£һ̧ʾ֮Ȼ֮ͷ֣ưӰÿһСͽϣЩϮٶȡ
ͬϳͷ忿
ͬ;֮ļ£ЩԪؽȻûпѾ˽֮ʣµļԴ͸Ҳɲ˶˺ֱӱħ֮֮±ܳ
ϿԷҲЩԪؽûʲôá
ȻͬĴڣͷʵ϶ԷֶΣᱻͬ
ȻͬĻ޷ЩԪؽ̫ģϾٶȼ졣
˾֮Ƽ٣ЩԪؽٶȼͬҲͱĸ࣬Ӷ޷˺ֺ
ͷ弫ı꣬ͷһμֶΣȻܹһп
£õģϧͷ岢óóֶλԪģϧͨʩչȫͬơ
Ǽڵʯһ̫Ʒʱ˿̲ڳƷ裬۳һγ
еʮһص̫ƷѼ
ʱ˿̣ѾҪֵΪսѾӵ˰ʮ㣬ʩչսϣõ˰ʮ౶ǿ
սһֶΣȫǹؼ汸ǿ似
սϴ渡ֳЩɫȻȴ޷ͻķϣҲʹĿսѾﵽ˼ǿĵز
Ҳʼб飬ſսƼȥսȭҲܹܿʩչ
սϵֵס˶Է̫ƷѼȻѾȻ˶Էʩչ˳ˮϵ̫ۣ֮һ̱ҪȻ
ȴҲǷӦ죬ٶ뿪ԭأȴǽϣȭͷֱһȭǼһȥ
һǽǰȭͷǽϣʮĿսƣȻûнǽ飬˵Ҳǻ¡
䣡
սȭڲϺȭڽǽ飬սҲֱӵ㣬øǿ
ǽո飬ͷ徹Ȼʧˡ

ԥĸԼӳһо֮⣬ǿʶ֪ȴȻҲԷڣռ䲢󣬷ԲʮԷܵĶȥŶԡ
ô˵ǶԷĲǳǿ
ҲʱȻԾĵطһǿƻȻԼ฽
ԷȻҲӵһڶϿվɱֶΣֱӹλã
ϧǣಢҪ
Ȼһ˲㱻ƻ·ħ֮ģȴֱ˲㽫ı˳
ޣͬӳʧˣԷȻӵֶΣôܷܿħ֮ĵڴħ֮ĸ飬Ȼħ֮ĵǿҪǿʮԷһĻпܽħ֮ĸġ
ԣҪСĽܼսȥ
˫ӳе㽩ˣȻ˫ڶ֮ͷ壬ӵͬʱ֮
ڵĵǣԼ֮ܿܲԷǿԷȷԼĿԼߣ
һֱȥĻֻҪһʱ䣬ĿսƲͻȻԷǲ²һ㣬Ż
ھļУܿ˶֮
Ϊ֮ǿûһݶԷĿԣתˣԼͨеİӰȡ˳Ȼŵͨȥ
ĵܾͨöûжˣǡӰ֮ۡ
û밵ӰĻֻһѰ̽ʽʶ֪ΧֶΡ
˰Ӱ֮Ͳһˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôЧ˰Ӱ֮ͨУͲһϲΪⰵӰ֮˰Ӱ֮ȫԿǡӰۡˣ
ʱ˿̣Ӱ֮ͨʩչЧܹĲΧռеȵȣ
ֱӴ״̬ȻʩչӰۣ֮һֻӰͫ׳ͷʱΧ˳
ɨ£޵ᱻ֣˵Էֶο϶ǱȲϰӰ֮Ļ޵ġ
ڰӰ۵ɨ£һ겨ӳдķ˶Էںδ
ȭͷֱӳŶԷڴ˲ƹȥȻһȭ
Էϣһ֮ȻԷڲڣȴû뵽ֱӳһȭͬʱۣɱԷ֣
ԷĲֶΣȫֻأ߱Ч
һȭɱܶԶԷЧԷ׻ˣ


1511 䳲֮ս
Ӱǿʱزж뵽֮ͨеġ
ӰתƵӰ֮УתΪӰۣ֮ڽֵټҵӶҹơ
ɱ׵Ľ٣УϢʴȥܿ侫˺ܴ˺
ûͣ٣ʩչսȭڣһսȭʹԼʼ顣
һȭȥԷԪطȴҲֱ֧飬ȫֵסˣһκսȭֱӽԷ飬Լһ
ϾԷǸһģһĴڡ
ɱûͣͣϵĲȥڶԷʱ򣬾ͰѶԷľ곹״ݻٵˡ
ԷȻ㱻ʴ¹ֱӻˣûиȡκսƷĻᡣ
ڸ㶨ˡ
˿ʵȷֶζ࣬ڹؼʱ̻ʩչӰͨҪȻĻǲ֪ҪԷֵʲôʱȥ
һĶ֣µľֱܹӽȫǿڡ
ҪȻĻħ֮ģܹɻָҪһЩҲǿֲģǶԷŴδݻӵдݻħ֮ĵʵĻͻǳΣյľء
ɱ˶Է֮ǰֱӱ仯
ǰģһ䳲һķ䣬䳲Уÿһ䶴һռ䣬֮ǰһ䶴ս
ڼ˷䶴ĳ⾹Ȼһһĵط
ÿһ䶴Уͷڲ϶սţֻлŵһܹ˳ųȥǰһʴ¹Ĺؿ
Ҳǵһؿ̭ʾȻﵽһ֮࣡
ǰʴ¹ûеġ
ܣܿͷݺ¸ˣóŮǺ⡣
ѹŶԷս¸ͺݺƽֵ״̬ЩҲûãΪӰ첻䶴еκˡ
ƺҪǶҲܴ͵һؿȥ
뵽ĸϾһģڳʼУһʼһĵ󶼻һͣһֱ֮Ż໥ֿ
ؿƺ
ͼٷ䶴е壬ֱ˸һ׹⣬ȻֱӴӷ䶴ʧһ˵ĶǴƵһ
ӦþĽ
ս壬û뵽һؿܷҲû뵽ҪΪԼз̵ĿܣȻű׸ɵɢ
䳲սؿÿ˼ԼĶ֣δԼϾѹβ֪Էʲô壬սȷӦԡ
ͱȽϿμսԱķӦۺսֶԽ˾ԽԽпܻʤ
սǿԿ˵Ķ־Щʲô
Ķһͷ߶δ۷ǿߡ
¸Ķ֣һͷľδ״ڣ˫ƾУǸеٮٮߣʱֲʤȻ¸ǿľδͬǿⶼܹԽսɱ߶δ״ڵǿߣ
ݺĶ֣һͷȽİ壬ȻҲǴгģѰʱ塣
һֻģƽȫ¶ɫĴ֣Ϊġ
ںݺⶫӦǸһģĴڣʩչֶȴһЩʴԵİӰģúݺӦЩ
ؼǣͷ廹ӵ߶δʵĴڡ
δ׵ĺݺ˵ѹЩˡ
ҸոնԸģջӦһͷѰ߶δס
۾
ӳ²ʴ¹ÿ˷֣ǰģǰմµۺʵģҪȻҲδ׵ľ磬ͷ䵽߶δ׵Ķ֡
ʴ¹Ѿ֪ܶԸ߶δ׵壿
ȽϹעľǺݺս
֮⣬䳲ͬʱڽŵϰٳսҲв嶼ڶԸ塣
Уͼ죬һսŵǿߣɣ
ɣǴģһսϵĺѣ֮ǰ˸ʱ˵Ҫȥɸɵ
Ȼֱûʵʴ¹УһЩȽϺõĻĻɵҲ̫ѵ顭
ԭЩᣬɺսϵĺѡ
ڣȻ춼벻֮ǰ飬ôҲûˣȥһĸܡ
ɵĶ֣ȫ߶δ۷ĴڣϾǱ߶δ۷壬ʵǿ
ϸ۲һɵսսȷǿٲڵܹƥеģˣûô׶Ըˡ
߶δ۷ĲΣͲǼ򵥵˭ǿ˭ˣǴһЩֶ֮ĿƣԼٳӵȵȸء
ͬʱص㣬ͬĶ֣ʤҲδ֪
Ҳһ
ȻʵǱȽǿģۺܹӳˮƽҲҪѰ߶δ۷壬ϾǺ˺ܳһʱĽϵ̫֮ʾģܷӳսѰҪǿһЩ
ܹ䳲֮սǰս˵һ¡
ΪԹ۲쵽䳲֮еսϤһ½ȥпĶ֣ܶ壬塢壬ǵսǰ
缢ƿʵĹ۲Χս˿۲¸ͺݺŮ֮⣬󲿷˼ΧһЩС
һ䳲ռرǸռдһͷʯˡ
ʯ壬ǺӸ֮һĸǳ޴ͬһСɽһ㣬Ҳ֪սĴڣⶫǸʲô
Ͼʴ¹˵Ļ󣬲֪ǲһġ
ңʯӴΣö־ǶδԼǴ϶кֵĸоʴ¹ö־ʯһɽɡ
ʯ壬оֻһ˾޴˴һ֪ʯˡ
Ԩʯǿȸӿ£Сɽ׳˶ҲԨֻ֮ʯܹͬƿǿ壬ÿһͷʯյĶһ
۲ͷʯ壬õĳ֮⣬˿ս֮һһжЯżֲơ
ĶһͷԳС壬͸ȶҪС࣬˵ͷʯˣһֻһĴڡ
ʵɾԲ
ʯһ߶δ׵۷壬ҪúͻԵģҶӦʾսǿᡣ
˫սû·磬ԺͻԣϿƶԷԼϴƣ


1512 
ϸעһͷʯս
һ棬ʯǺӱϵ壬ܹ˽һǵսĻԽǺķչвСİھǸ˽ԷĺܺõĻᡣ
һ棬˵Уʵǿ֮һҪ彮еԴķḻʾŲٴУ֮ͬ£ƽʵҪ岻ٵġ
һ£мÿһʸʴ¹ţʾĵģԽս£˵ǿˡ
õǣ֮ǰûĶ֣ҪȻս÷ǳѡ
ǰͷʾĵ壬㽫ͷʯ嶼ѹסˣյʯĸʵǷǳǿģһ㶼ܹѹͬĶ֡
ڣʯȴǱ岻ѹƣڽڰˣɽһϲϸֳһЩͻ˺ĺۼ˿ڲӵС
ȻʯĻָҲǿվǱȲħ֮ĵģЩ˺ۣûôͻָ
ϸ۲һͷ塣
ĸ壬Ͷ൱С廹ҪСһ룬ÿһͷ嶼ֻ߸ߣ͸һͨʮϸСԳС
ɫԿѪͳ֡
壬ǿɾӵнɫѪͳαӵɫѪͳӵкɫ߰ɫߺڰƵѪͳ
ɫǿɫǿںɫ߰ɫ
ںɫͰɫѪͳǲģ˫ֻó̫ͬս಻
ǰ۲ͷ壬һͷǿĽɫ
ͻģʾģͿʾһʵжôǿβμӵʮ֮У屾ǿĴڣοͷеٮٮߣš
űȽƤᣬͷʯ壬ͷĹ¼˺ܳʱ䣬ջǵֵסԷĹơ
壬ǿö࣬ҪǿѾԶˡ
۲һͷɫսͷ̲ס뵽
֮Ĺؿͷɫǲˣʴ¹е˭Ҳ˵ʵڴ򲻹ֱֻܷ˳ˣôҪġ
ܹδףܹͷ峢һ¶սȻûᡣ
Է⿿ѹóʤǿЩֶΣͷɫЧѣԷܹͬʤǿǿڣһ߶δ۷壡
˵Ļνʴ¹򽫽һ嵱Уͷɫǿǰʮġ
ȻǿƣϾᣬ˪ս࣬ҲͿǰʮѡ
Ȼʴ¹֣϶ǷʵƵĶ֣Ҫͷɫûôס
⣬Ȼֻڳʼʱˡ
˽Ҫ˵ˣΪû֪һεʴ¹ʲô䳲֮ûκ֪
ʴ¹²϶ͲԶγɵˣӦڱţܲʴ¹ģȥҲֻˡ
۲ͷɫĲ֣Ҳ͵ƯĴ岻һ˵廹ǺƯ塣
۲ͷɫŵսһܡ
ѩ׵ĳڽɫҫ¸ֳɫ⣬ϸֽ֫һȴϸӡ
ռģܹպͶõģıǵ
ڳвϷŵĽɫоһֻɫСһ㣬鶯ƮݣʯȻǿᣬȴСһһ˿һ
ɫӳвϮĺͻģÿһжܶʯɼˡ
սУɫ۳һⲨһⲨž֪ҼٶȻֲһ˲㽫ʯ״͸
ʯսҲƣǾҪȽ١
ʯ壬һСɽһһЩɫʯɵжϣĿ϶ڶԷ²ⲻĵطĻŲ
Ҫѹһͷʯ壬ֻҪٶȿһЩͿˡ
Ҫɱһͷʯ壬Ͳô򵥵ˡ
ֻɫʩչǿֶΣҪɵǰʯ壬һʱ֮䶼޷óѡ
²⣬ҪǻԼȥĻʯǶƻˣҪԸΨһİ취ǿɱȥԷľˣЧҲ֪òãϾûʯս
һ̣䶸
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬳ͷɫʩչ˼ֲֶΣ۶ɵͷʯ峹סˣǻ棬ȻŶԾķ֮
ͬʱǽɫһʯĽߵλãʩչʲôֶΣɫţȻʾĻͺģʾģ
ľϵ̫֮ǿ͵ģ˵ĵһ֣Էܹʾģ˲㽫ͷʯ뵽˻þС
£ʯҪˣֻƬ̹ȥЩ㽫侫곹׷ճ˻ҽѡ˳
ףǽɫȫǴʯ壬һᣬʯû˳ĻᣬӶɱԷԼʮķ
ҪȻԷܵĻǽɫǿͨؿȴҪʮ֣˵ܹõķǿ϶Ҫõġ
ɵʯ֮ǽɫͣΡ
ʱȻܵһɨԼһѵǽɫԼˣ
Ͼڽս֮󣬱ܹ۲쵽䳲еһ˺϶һģʲôȨ۲˵ͬʱһЩѾսڵȴ壬Ҳܹɡ
ɫսսֱע⵽Ϊȵġ
ѵո۲Էʱ򣬶Է֪Լڹ۲ţ
ǽɫȻһܿŲעû۾ʶ֪ǿֻɨõ˺ܶйϢ
Ȼһδ׵壬ûбǽɫ
Ȼһδףܹߵ䳲ѾǺܲˣǽɫ˵ֻҪ߶δ۷ĴڣûбҪ⣬ΪĶ֣
ɫû̱͵һؿ˵䳲лͬ飬һжġ
Ѱܣڷһֻɫڸһͷ߶δ۷徳Ļսսƺ̫ãǻʵǿ󣬾Ȼɫѹסˡ


1513 Ҿ
۾
Ȼǻǿ߽ɫѹסˣȻȫ޷ɫʲô˺пܣɫڹöԷѹƣӶͶԷľԡ
Ӷգö޷ѣױնɱЧ
ͬǽɫһһʼδʲôرǿֶΣͻȫͽʯֱӸɵûһ˿һķᡣ
ϣɫžͱͳμʵûиͷκλᣬֱӾͷԷѹƣʾ׵֮Էɱ
ɫɵ˶֣ǽɫһʴ¹ĹâˣȻǰһؿ
ǽɫڴ֮ǰһιע
ȻΪעͷɫýɫע⵽ڶԷУӦҲûʲô̫ʶȵĴڡ
ͬ壬˳ɫ֮⻹ûʲôˡ
ԣδص֮⣬ڶԷӦûʲôģҪҲǴŵĺ·ˡ
˵嵱Уᴩ·ռһңһ·壬ǴĲ·һƵס
ͷɫǽɫǴѩɫףµΣΪ˲ԵƯ
Ʊ塢壬Ͷûд·ĸ
ϣ˱֮⣬嶼ǱȽϳªģ̬ǱȽƯģȻУƯûʲôãؼʵҪǿ
ͷ뿪֮㷢¸ҲѾԽ˶֣ŮҲѾ䳲֮սȻĿ⼯Ȼսеĺݺϡ
ݺԸһͷ߶δ׵ĴڣսӲͻˣ̫ƷѪѵ˵ʮ۷ΣӰǧֶνֿסˡ
ȻٷѪĵʮľѼޱŨѪɫһѾ޴󱦽ŶֺȻ䣬ֱӽԷľնƬ
ݺһеҪǿ¸ǳƿնϾǵʮľѼǳƿնֻǵʮһľѼѡ
һɱ֣ȫɹͨؿ
ȽϿϧǣ¸Ķֶѡ˳ȫԼŮķûͨؿᱻ۵ʮ֡
Щˡ
Ϊһֻʣʮ֣¸ֻʣʮ֣˷ȽϵͣȥôõĻܶŲˡ
ȥпܵĻǰҪɱˣ¸Ҳһ
˵
¸ΪһֱɱޱȽ١
Ϊһؿ˶ʮȥ̣õͬصصһԼ˲ٷ
ţǰɡ
˴ʱѾ͵һؿؿ֮ǰķ䣬һͨ
ͨǳһõУͨͨ˴һȥͿԷźܶ·ڣӦĻҾؿˡ
֮ǰĹؿǶԿؿ
ǰʴ¹ʱȴû̫ԿؿģһһǽĶԿؿһ䳲֮սؿֱ̭˲塣
ȥǵ˻Ҿؿˡ
ڻҾؿУȥдˣһ·ߵ׾ܴӳʼ̤ÿǰһξͻ۳ʮ֣ͨһСؿ
ڽȥ·;УӦǻͨУ;һЩ䵱У߲֮ǰһĶ֣ܿǺܶ಻ͬǿһȻҲпеطıû˾һжˡ
˳ͬһڴȻͨǰǰȥ
֮ͨ䣬·ںܶ࣬п壬ǱȽϺöԸģ˿϶ὫɵԼǱȽǿģ͸ֵˡ
ƾ˵ֶΣһζҪܵĻܹ׷ǣ֮ǰɫͽɫܹ׷ˡ
ҪǣҾؿʼ֮ûôǿĶԿˡ
򲻹ܣᱻ̭һҪһǽɫҪ׷ѵʱ̫࣬ԷҲѡ׷ȥ飬Դμʴ¹˵һġ
˲ǰܿͷһټһ壬ͷľǿߣȫ߶δ۷Ϊʴ¹вټ
֮ǰĶԿؿУʴ¹ᰲһЩʵСӽжԿڿʼͲһˡ
ΪܹһֱĶԿؿһֱأڿˣͷǻпܸͷ
Ȼ˴Ҳǿ߲ʴ¹򣬼ɫɫϣҲһһԳš
ܹͨ䳲֮սģҲпʼ֮һǾǴǧ
ǧˣڴҾؿУжôҿ֪ҪضĶֿԲߡ
뿪䳲ʱҲ뿪ˣ˵ҾؿҲ
ڽҾؿȺ˳˵Ѿȫͨˣǰ˽򣬱ϾΪҪ֮ͬģ֮ǰĹؿдܹʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ䣬㹻ԷͨҾؿˡ
Ⲣţ֮ͨб䶼ȡˡ
һ棬ǱȽطǿߣҲ̫ܻ̫Щ䣬һ棬֮ͨеıǻ᲻ˢµģÿһʱ䣬ʴ¹ͶһıЩͨС
ҪʣµķȫȡеıأҲǿԵģֻǷͻᱻͳȥѡ
ܹطĴˣҪǰʴ¹ĽģϾеľȻӼңȴǸú
ԴƷڳʼõԴƷĻ϶ѵġ
ڽõԴƷǾ;ģһķԴƷҪںݺϵʮǵ׹֮ǿһ
ͷľǿߣƽеһͨУڼкü·ͨйȥ˲δȥΪûҪԷʲôͻ
ҪǣԷͷ߶δ۷ϣ˵еѶȵġ
ֻҪܹٽĶ֣˾Ͳ֣ΪܿΪİУĻɾ͵òʧˡ
ǰһ䣬ӣǻľһ
ܿ죬ǰһۣͨһӣȻֵȲϾӣҲпܿı
ȥӣһ壡
˵ţȻֱӳǰӼɹȥմԽֱʩչ
Ȼʴ¹УմԽ˲ֶΣܹ˲Ƶľ붼˰֮ڣֱӵǰӵǰ


1514 ֻǰ
ֱ˲Ƶ˰ӸȻΧȥӸպǳһͨʮ·룬ĸͨ򣬾Ȼڳ߸Ϲ
ͷһ֪ǲ
ͷ߶δ۷εľǿߣ㹻ǶԸˣ˵ұ߷ɹͷ߶δ۷Ԩǿߣǰͷ壡
ĸĸ壬ӡ
ȻȸϵֱӴӵĻʮ֣еĶҲпܱߣǻܵΧòʧ
ˣ
ûκԥֱ˺˿ȥ
Ͼֻδ׵Ϊ߶δ۷壬ͲҪЩˣһ˾סһˣܹռӣɱõ
ϧǣΪߣֻ˻ˡ
˺һͷľѸײڶ֮ǰǰӾߣʮ֡
Ҫ䷢Ƶʱ򣬺ͷľֱչľϵ̫֮Ȼڳйһ
УΧ˶뵽˻С
ȻǿǺݺ¸裬ֻʱ˻þͷľȴѾʧӰȻǵõӾߣκʱ䡣
ǿŶԷߵģΪ֮ԵʣδǻӰ죬Ͼһ˲ĻǿȱȽӰ첻
δȥͷľ뿪Ŀ꣬ͷ塣
ΪҪǱȽѸٵģرڵĺݺݺѪѵ˵ʮ㣬ǾѼ൱Ѫɫľ޴󱦽ȫܹԵ˵ľɲɱ˺
Ͼɱû̫ǿĳ̶ȣɱúأֻѡ
һ֣ͷ壡
Ժݺʾһ˱˲ǰ׼ֱ֮Ӿ۳ͷϣΧκε˵жȫƿ
Ȼ޷öԷܶȴҲöԷжɣ߶δ۷Ԩͻ壬߶ٶȶƽʱġ
ݺʱǧ꣬ͷ߶δ׻סʱڣͷ޷κζˣҪ֪ϾһƷֶΣ
ɱ
۲ȥݺҲһѪɫ޴󱦽кȻն䣬ƣֱӽͷն˷飡
Ȼ鲢ûгȥչͷ屻ն֮󣬲ûо˳Ʒֳ֣ϮΧ˹
ֶֽΣһ
ԷȻܹ궼ֽ⿪״̬±ִ״̬¶ʵ˾ȣǰδ
ȴδģΪĹȫǾģо֮壬ȻԷ߶δ׵ǿ壬Ҳܹ˺١
ԷôֽĲлΧԼϳԼ񹥻ֱӱ㷢ʵ
ʵԼͺݺͬʱΪޣȻһ̣һͷ߶δ۷ĻȴǷ˹ľϵ̫֮˲ۣγһ͵ľ壬˳С
͵ľ壬һεĴ֦ϳΧȥ󲻹ͺݺˣߵͷ߶δԨ壡
ԨԻ廹ǱȽϾµģҪԨľȽԨΪԻ˵û˿á
ۿ֣ͷԨֱӾ˺˿ȥȴδֱ뿪ǽĿⶢ¸ϣȻ˫мǾ͵ľԨֻҪһȦܴӺ󷽼й¸衣
ȻĸһδףһδףһδףǰЩԨ˵ڼõɱܹɵĻӵķ١
ͷľ˱ˡ
޵״̬£ĿǰľЩû뵽ܹʴ¹ĸš
Щһͨʴ¹ڶؿܹҾؿÿһ嶼ӵżǿʵֶμ
ͷ壬ʩչֶξǰδġ
ûмʩչ־ֶֽΣٻ۵ľ޴塣
Ƕþ꾵Էľ񹥻оҲ޷ɵԷǰߵĻԷƬ״̬ǿĹֻܿʹ仯ΪСƬˡ
ߵĻֻܰǾ޴ľ޷ɵͷ屾塣
꾵ֶֻҪʩչһΣԷͲϵܾʩչˡ
ͷԨ˺ȥ϶·¸ˣʱ䣬ܹܿʮʱԷܹϵϾҾؿͨ˴ôܹ·ҵǡ
Χ״̬˾ĺѻ뿪ˡ

¸һȫǳҫ
ûڣֱӳ¸迿ͺݺҲ״̬³¸迿ܿ˶ǳĵĹԵС

޾Ʒ似߶ǳĹڳ˲˸ֱӾͰ˴˰֮ĵطͬʱģһַֽƬĻ塣
ɱ
ûκԥɱ߶źݺѪɫ޴󱦽ҪһֻƬĨɱ
ϴ߶ƣʴЩƬЩƬҪߣȴǸˣֱӱ֮ʴѸʧȥ
Ҽ֡
Щε˵
Ҽ֡
ݺΡ
նɱģֻͷһѣԶֻô
Ծֶδͳ˰ɾ룬ʱ˵ǰȫˡ
ԷϾǻԨҪйѣԷ׷Ҳͬʱ׷ֱ׷Ļпܱ˷ֱɵ
ԾԤϵеģԷδ׷ɱͷǸɵһ߶δ۷壬ûҪĴ㣬ѡ
ûκ˲Լ£ͷҲһʧһ뾫֮սΪֱѡ˳ͳʴ¹
սĻõôĿ̫ͣҺпܱ˸ɵ
˳ɵһͷ壬ҪȫָҲҪѺüʱˣƬֶֽαΣԼ󣬸ոñ¸һ˲˳ûʲôӦʱ䣬ͱɵһ롣
߰ɡ
ҡҡͷûҪعͷȥɵǻԨ壬תǰн
ôһ֮ս˶֪ȥ·ûôߣھǰ˲˰֮˸ֿ۵ʮ֣Ѿһξ롣
ʣµķôˣҪֵһ򣬾ͲܹͷΪڻҾؿ۷ǰվģҪǻͷĻѼֵһ򣬳ܹȷɱӷ֡
ҲûбҪͷġ
ǰ˵иõĻɱĻᡣ
ֻܼ֮ܶǰͷĻܱܿñȽ⡣


1515 ͻ
һϾӳ˵ߡ
ӣʱȥƺûʲô໥һۣǰΪķʱߵģΪʡ
ϾӸһ֮⣬һСڸϹһǿڸϹǿߣ߶δ۷ĴڣҲЩ죬֪Է֡
ԷȽԶȻǲ˲ƣҲҪܵϾԱߡ
ûκԥֱӴϾӣоȻһö쾧һƷĴ֮ⶫڵ˵ͦˣвӵźĴ֮ĳЩЧ
еĴ֮㹻һ磬ڳĶδ׵ĲỤֻ̆һֱû㹻Ĵ֮ڸպúʡ
ߣ
Ȼܵʼö쾧һƷĴ֮öɫʯ뵽СУȻֱ˲ƺ˵ŮȻ¸һٴʩչ˾
һ˲䣬˱㵽һ֮ĵطҪ׷ǻòܡ
һö쾧һƷĴ֮ֵڵսŹѫ
˷ܵ˵ȻſʼеĴ֮һǰһգС粻ţֻҪʲôսΪǶжûʲôӰġ
սֻͣһͣˡ
ȡﵽĶδףۺʵ͸ǿˡ
˵
ʵǾҲѾԶˣܴܲﵽĶδףʵϵҪ㵽˽Լȥö֮
ݺһЦ˵
ǲУҿС˻ǰҷһ£˽һ˵ĻһСľˣɲĶġ
ٺһЦŴ֮еĴ֮
ö֮У̺źĴ̺֮žĻϵ̫֮Щ̫֮ȫյĻ߶Իϵ̫֮Ӳ
ϧԻϵ̫֮ϤҲûá
Ȼⶫʹ֮ǲֿܷյģԼûãҲֻһղУȻԻϵ̫֮Ȼǽö֮еĻϵ̫֮ȫˣҲһɵĻϵ̫֮Ͼ̫֮ûôס
ǽϵͺˡ
š
ϵ̫֮ˣʵһǿϵ̫֮ıȽΣһöûС
˼ǰһС
Ա壬˵˽ⶼΪ̵ģӦģԷ˽ҲǼ̵ģҪǴ¹˭ֲ֪
СУ߶δ۷Ĵڣδף˵һȽϺõĿˡ
Ҫǣһ߶δ۷ıˣж㣬Ѫ͸һѵɡ
֣
һǰ˲ƣ㿿֮ıСӣħȫƣŶԷͷкȻ䡣
ô˵ǺӲʴ¹нһ˵ǰʮʵ֮࣬ںȻֱ֣ӽԷͷδɢ
¸ͺݺҲٿȻǳɢſͷЧ
ҪԼǱС̷Ӧͷû˵߶δ۷ȫţһĺͿռϵıǽ󣬽Ǹ
һֱ̧ʾۣ֮
۳һڹ˲䴩͸ɵıǽеĿռȫ߽⿪Ȼħ£Ǳǽ˷顣
ԷѾ˲Ƴ˰ɷΧ¸жҲǰͬʱ֣򽫳ж
ֹԷ뿪ЧǺܲģһ㣬ھ֮ΧɷΧڶǾķΧҲҲȥ
Ҫ⸽ͨǸֱӴģǰѾ顣
ֻҾؿ£ΪԼУҲ˲ˡ
Ϊոս˲ƣ˵ķһμʮ֣
֮з͵¸裬ֻʣʮˣٲɱһЩ壬ֲܼܿڡ
չֱ֮Ӵ߶֮򣬶ݺҲǴ߶޾Ʒ似ӰѪɫȻۣԷͷδ׾ıȫ
޽֮գ
ɭħ֣֮סһͷδ׵ı壬ӡͬʱɭħڱ侫˲С˺
ţͷͽ¸ˣӦɱһЩ壬ҪȻĻ;ͱͳȥˡ
岼ǳȵȶƷͷ¸ʩչԼǿĹֶΣǳƿնҪδ׵ı峹׸ɵ
ǱҲôġ
ȻӰ;ֱ֮޽֮һ¾սǴţӵżǿսʶӦ졣
ǳƿնͷһ㺮ϳΧֱӽǳƿնֵ
Ȼһ㺮ıǳƿնֱӺ飬ΪṩһĴϢʱ䣬иֳһķģȻҲһö̫ƷҾѵ˼ߵĵز
ʮѣ
¸״ʱһݣ֪ԷʵǸԼԼһܹȡʤ
Է֮У̫Ʒֳ֮󣬱Ϯȫǽ¸ڣ˶ڡ
ǶԷĵʮһѼһ֮£˵жʱɣ͵ɵжٶȣĴ߶ٶȣ
һЧǸľ֮Чˣ֮Ȼô򵥾ͱϵġ
ĵڰͨ
ʣμʴ¹ôУ֮⻹˭ӵеڰͨ
߶֮Ǿ֮Ĵ󲿷¸ԸͷϮȥֲ䳹ײʾĵϳʴȥ
֮ǿ֮ġ
һ㣬˶Է֮󣬾֮øǿ
ʱ򣬾þ֮ɹһЩ߶δ׵壬ÿɣþ֮ٷ֮һңЧ㲻
ǰͷδ׵ı壬Ȼֶη࣬ô˵Ҳֻδװˡ
ľ֮ɣ¸ǳƿն˫ش𽥼ֲסգ¸ʱˣ̫Ʒѵ˵ʮĳ̶ȡ
ʮľѼţ


1516 
¸ڸոոͺݺʶʱ򣬾ѾԼ̫Ʒѵ˵ʮһ㡣
ڣԻŵ̫Ʒ֣֮ھѵյĵʮ㣬ҵʮľѼֱʩչǳѣ
ǳһڰһöǳȻǳֱͷδ׵ıϣֱӱѿֲƻֱӽǱը˿
գͷûбľ֮ɵǱ¸ǳֶγ׸ɵûκһ˿ء
ͷ廹߶˷ֶΣȴֵܵסǳһС
ոս̫Ʒѵһεʱ򣬵һʩչľѼþˣ¸轫ǳѵȫһСĿռ䵱УɵĽͷɵ
ֲ֮۳ǳǽǰͷɵˣһӿսȥͷв
ոͷһж˵ĺʧˡ
ǺݺȫʩչǿֶΣȥԸǰı壬Ϊһϵ̫ãǽܲ
ԷһԿʼŭ
޾ĺ֮ڳۺ䱬ϳ˹ȴħ֮ϵֵ޷˺һһ
ţݺϡ
޽֮գյֶΣֱӶͷδױ˾귽˺źݺ㶯Ӱӡı峹
Ѫɫ޴󱦽Ȼ䣬ѪѵʮľѼӺݺֶûбǱסֱӴ͸ͷ壬еı徫궼˳ն飡
ݺҲɱһͷ壬õʮ֡
űѹסһͷ߶δ۷ıǿߣһͷ˵߶δ۷ı壬ȥ׷ɱ
ͷ߶δ۷ı壬ڶųǰܣֻϧľڣôöԷƬΧ
˲׷ȥɱɵ˶֣ŶԷһ׹⵱бʴ¹յΪ۵ģ̫ϧˡ
Ըһͷ߶δ۷ı壬Ҳûʲô̫⣬ɵ˶֣һ׷ɱжպ˶õʮ֣жɹ൱
ɵһͷ߶δױ֮ǰպСӣľƺҪ·ȴס׷׳ž򷢶˹ơ
ɵֱ֮ӽҲʧСӼջ
Ҿؿ˭ϣ˵ֶθסȥ·
Сӵŭ¸ֱӴ˲ǰԾɵľ룬ֻһ貵ǳ֮⡭
˵ķٴο۳ʮ֡
¸ֻʣʮ֣еطӦѾԶ˲Ŷԡ
˼ǰܿ죬ȻһͷɫһͷɫԷڴһϾӣⳡֻԶԶ˿ɲʱԷ
ԷȻҪ˶ֵģϧֱߣ˲ǰܿʧӰͷ޷ô
Ҫ𣿡
ݺЩɻʵ
Ȼڷ䳲֮УȻֻǿ޷֪ȴҲ֪ǵʵԲܹ㶨ģһȽϺá
˵
Ͼǿ֮һÿһʵǿ˵ոͷɫʵѾﵽǺӾǧеǰʮ
˵ͷ֣˵ͷɫʵҲ޼ǶͷĻֲ˺ȥ
Ӳѽ
¸һЦ
˭Ӳأ
ȻһЦҪͷĳǿߣҲһÿϾֻǳʼûҪûյ¸з֡
ΪȻ
ǰȥܿ˸ֿ۳ʮ֣ʱڼ˽ڣͳǰԼһǧ֮ĵطһɫĻ֮ǽһ
ֻҪɫĻ֮ǽܹ׼
׼У˽ȵ˶뿪ʼ򣬲ܹ̽򣬲ǽ˽ģ˳ʼģֱӴӳʼ˳ġ
ֱʼûˣŻʽ
Ϊʮʣµֻаˣʼһ£ʱڲܽǾֻѡ˳
һʱ˲ûм̫ˣԼǿߣȽϺõġ
ǰ滹и䣡
˲ǰУһ䣬ݺһ׼ǰǸϾӡ
Ͼںݺķߣ۵ʮҲ޹ؽҪʮһأ¸ֻʣ˶ʮ㡣
˵Ӹʱȴ⸽Ȼһ壬ɿռ۶ɣͬһ㽫У
Ǹ塭ߣ
ûκԥֱӳǿռ䷨ıԵʩչ˾֮
ھĹͬһȻֱӿʼ߽ռ䷨
ͬʱΧһͷеǿΧ
е壬Ǻӵǿ֮һᲢ۵Ĵڣȫ¶ɽɣÿһһǿȿԨ壬ȴֻᶯԨҪǿöࡣ
ʱ˿̣ռķˣ˾Ļеǿ߽ϾӾȻǻеµһ壡
ݺûŹᣬһѴϾӣȻ˳
ԴƷ
ݺûκԥֱӽԴƷӸ¸裬Ͼ˵¸ķֶ٣пΣգȻжѸݣܶʱ򣬶ԷܶĻᡣ
ֵǡ
һתħ۳һصķϣͬʱ𪲱ϵѩһųѩ׵â
˸
һеʮһľѼֱӽǰռ󷽿ռöԷĿ͹ڻħֱ֮Ӿͺ뵽ⱻĿռ϶У޷ϡ
ʱǲʩչ֮ʱ䣬㽫ԷΪĿռ䷨߽һ
ߣ
ûκԥֱӳǰԾߣӳ˻е塣
ԷҲû뵽˾Ȼܹʱھ߽ǵĿռ䷨ϣһЩ⣬ȴŭΪֻʧһζѡ
߶δ۷ĻеǿߣռƬרҪǰߣΪĵȻԼķԼܹߵøԶ
·ϣͨ·ϣҲǿţרžΪɱߣ÷
Ȼеֹؼ·ģȫǲμʴ¹еٮٮߡ
ҪһһĻոͷеǿߣÿһͷӵиԿʵ˵ͷһˡ


1517 ׼׶
ͷе֮ʣµľһƽˡ
¸˲Ͼÿ˸ܳһ֮ľ룬û䣬ѾӽɫĻ
ߣȥ
˽ײǰɫĻϣȻʹӳʼʧ

۾Լһյķ䵱Уݺ¸ŮǸո
һٷ֡
˵ո׼һٷ֣˵Ѿ˽򣬲׼׶Σõȵĳʼжûκ˵ʱ򣬲Żʽͬʱ
һٷ֮ڽͲô˳ȥˣطΣȴȳʼҪöࡣ
Σգڽе֮Ĵڣܶණʼж֣ڽȴǲÿγЩ壬пܽ߸ɵ
׼׼ɣٻаµʱ䣬ŻῪ
˵꣬һ˵Աȥ͸ˡ
˵ͷҲȡö쾧һƷĴ֮ʼ
֮ǰ¸軹쾧һƷĴ֮û꣬ҲʼգһСĻ֮ҲǿһЩۺսõ
Ŀ꣬Ȼʱһ磬δ׵ľ磬ö쾧һƷĴ֮̤Ķδĳ̶ˡ
쾧һƷĴ֮̺Ĵ֮쾧ƷĶʮ屶ࡣ
սŹѫܹõĻֵһǧսŹѫ⻹ֻǴ֮ļֵ̺
ö֮л̺˻ϵ̫֮ĵ˵ⶫֵڡ
⣬ʴ¹һϾоͿģң⻹ϾܿĶбȽõˣԴƷģҲǼֵʮϵġ
ȻϾܿʲôЩƽ߸ͼġ
彮ϾеĶǼѵüǶ˵ЩҲô׼һ֣ضһּ
Ϊˣʴ¹Żˣ
մ֮еĴ֮ԼС置
ո̤ؾʱС綼ǷԲһĳ̶ȣ֮ÿһؾ磬С緶Χһ
λ׵ʱ
δףСĽǷԲŴ֮ڳ߰
뵽˵ľĽ磬ھ۵С磬СĽʹﵽ˳һǧķԲ
֮ǰ֪Χžһ̫ϵĴС
ڣһǧ﷽ԲС置١
ؼС置ԽÿһĽ򶼱øѣѵö࣬ҪĸĴܹ֮Сƾųôռ
﷽Բ߰﷽ԲţҪһڵսŹѫĴ֮
Ҫպñпһö쾧һƷĴ֮Ҫ̤Ķδ׻úء
֮ԼҪҪϰʱ䡣
ȻԼĻ̵жԸҲֱմ֮öö࣬Ļ̤ʵȹ̡
˵츳㹻¾ûҪ̫ʱȥȹΪˣһϤһ¾Ϳˡ
ڣ̤δױѾȥҵʱ䣬մ̤֮ĶδףҲӰ쵽ʲô
С置СеָٶȱԽԽ졣
һ룬սСв鿴һ£СеȷмطΪصĿռݣ޸ĻݵĵطԽԽֱС綼û
Ϊ֮ǰ߶˼Ѫµĺˡ
ֻܶһֵĴ֮޸ⲿݵĿռ䣬ݵĿռڴûʲôĴڣʧǺܴ
ҪȻݵĿռڹ򣬻ݵĻɾͷǳˡ
оһ°˼ѪԼλãǿռݵλã֮仹໥ģϵȷһ£֪ǰ˼ѪȫռݵλҲ߹Ҳͷ
ȷ֮뿪С磬С置
ŵ߰ķԲ֮Ҳ˲٣ϵʱͻƣһԾǿ
˵ԭܹѰ߶δ׵ԿĻô֮󣬶Ըף߶δ۷ĴڣҲܹһĵֿ
ȻҪսʤ߶δ۷壬Ҫһģ˵Щǰʮţǽɫ϶ȻǶ֡
ĹУҪﵽδףܹǿֵԷĹơ
ڽεǿߣֻܣƾĸֶΣҪܵĻ˵ǲࡣ
Լ֮ڽö쾧һƷ֮еĴ֮ȫϣ̤Ķδ׾ͬʱ޸СĿռݡ
ʵһԾ
дһ£ֵѿսƵӵһٲ֮ʩչĿսȭҪ߳ɵܹȫֵ
Ҳ˵սƵӵٲʩչսȭôҪˡȻٲʩչսȭȾͳܲס֧ˡ
Ȼսﵽ˻һǿǿȣʩչսȭĸɱȿսȭҪöֻ࣬ǿһʮҿսµĿսȭ
ٸ߲ĻԼпȱ飬˻ûУȭͷˡ
һʮ㣬ļޣ
˵ĹôƲķģֻҪȫħϣֵܵסκιơ
һ뵽֮ǰͻƵʱͷеһƿħϣ֪Լ۷ǿߵĲ໹Ƿǳġ
¸裬ڽ쾧һƷĴ֮ȫˣС֮ǿ˲٣߶δ׵ľ磬Ҳֻʣôһ·ˡ
һö쾧һƷ֮Ļ¸ֱ̤߶δˡ
ողûãµõ˴֮ҲֱģҪȻϤûȹ̵磬Ļܵơ
һĻ
ȹ̾ǺֻܿһʧͼˣûбҪ׷ôٶȡ
Ҳ֮ǰÿ綼Ҫȹһ¾ԭ̫ĻЧã
֮ǸԶҪֿˣСһЩоֱѡ˳
֣صĶŮ˵ȻҪǶԺݺ¸˵ġ


1518 ׿
ʵμʴ¹ľǧжǰʮһκβ¸ͺݺŮͲһˣȻŮڶԴƷҪֵסǿߵĹҲǺѡ
ɫϵĻʴ¹֮оǽˡ
¸ôܶӲԷģѡ˳ûκΰ취ڣпѡ˳
ʴ¹Ľ˳Ҫһ
ǾǣڷԲһɵķΧ֮ڣûڣǾͿֱ˳ҪȻĻʴ¹ǲֱ˳ġ
ԣҪ˳ҪĻԣԼǿȼ֮͸֪
һ˵¸ʵǲģĳȻ磬ȫͻƿռϱڣȻָһ˵¡
ԶһƾһЩռϣȴܴ˴
ҪȻĻ֮ǰҲҪȥʩչ߽֮Ŀռ䷨ˣֱӴȥͺˡ
¸ӵڹؼʱҪ˳رѣֻǻһҪСΪϣһСܾܿ˲ƹȥĵطպҲãǿɾ군ˡ
ںݺڽУ֮ͳ̡
뽫֮迪ҪԼԲɵķΧ֮ڣʱΧκĶܺҪȻĻͼпܱǿɵ
ϾھʵݺʵܹǿߵУڵ׵Ĵڡ
ڽУҲֻƾ֮ѰһᣬܲܿˣҪһ򣬻ǲܵˡ
ʵϣҪӽǰһܹμʴ¹ĴԼ֮УҲֻһܹõ
һǷƣһʵƣʵҲǷƣûʵɱ壬޷õ㹻ķȥ
Ǽֶμ߳ĴڣʵǿĻҲѴӽǰһ
ʴ¹߸Уʼǵĸ
˵УܹõĶͼ죬Ҫûôף˵ڵиǿ߾ˡ
ԼҪǽ뵽򣬻ߵ߸򣬵õǿߵĴС
ʵǲģǰͺܲˣҪڽܵõһЩöôǲܣⶫؼҪԵ
ǿߵĴУ˭Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
Ҳû֪Щʲô
˵ܹõأ
һ˵ʴ¹ؼĻҪѰͻƵ鴫вôģͻȴǲ٣ÿʴ¹һ츳ǿĴڣܹͻ̤ľ硣
ʮǿߵУһʴ¹ͻƵ񾳽硣
¸ͺݺŮϾڽСĽĻһ졣
ɱӷ飬Ůǲˣ˸Էֿ֮󣬻Ҫɱǲܵ飬ǰѷ꣬Ҳǲܵ顣
ѰͻҪ뵽УܵѹһЩԱԼպ֮á
˵ʴ¹ĵУܶǿ߶䱦ĶǵõһҲԿԳΪɱﵣ
ڵл似ζòĶ
Ѱ似ҪһΣѶҪ΢һЩ
Ҳ֪һģȴʣж亱ĴڣѰ似Ҫʴ¹вܵõ
˵ʴ¹жĶ
Ȼڹ˻˵ģֻҪԼͻûʲôˡ
Ȼ˹ɱܵõ似ǺڴģϾ似ô˵ҲǳԽ޾似Ĵڣ޾似Ҫǿ
ȻѶȱ޾似ߣҲȻȻ飬ѶȲߵĻôôǿ
˸ԶиԵĿ꣬ҪԼĿ꣬뵽ɲףΪۺսҲرǿҲͱȺݺ¸ǿôһ㡣
ɱ׬ȡǰĻ뼫СĲС
˽֮󣬿ǵʼս޿ˣҪȻĻһɫĴ͵ϮֱӾˡ
š
Ӱ뵽˰Ӱ֮֮ͨУ޵ıúСԳϵ״̬ǰһʲôûᣬֱ֣Իջ
Ȼһ֣ûаڳ˶ɵĻͺܻܿᱻɱΪһ־ͻݵĻᣬƴ֮Щ߶δǿߵĶ֡
˵ȻŻ޵ֶΣҪһ·ǰȥѶȻǷǳߵġ
׼ʮ֮ڷ֣շΧİɫĻǽڿʼͬʱһͷڷ䵱
ӽҪˣ׼ɣǵһҪųȥ
Ůһۣɫص˵
ţģ㲻ҿ϶ġ
ݺЦ
Ѿͷ
ЦһЦȻ㿪ʼעǴͷۡ
ֱӾͻޣǰͷĵطȻ׼ͳȥҪڵһʱǰٶ㹻Ļȵõһء
ŮͲˡ
ҲҸϵǰͷĶȥΪ˭֪ǰͷģضǿһţ
ÿһӵʵŮǰĻҲ˳ͷ
ͷɫɫǺܿܳ嵽ǰȥϾʵȷǺǿֻҪ⵽ͬεĶֹǲʲôġ
ܿ죬Ǵͷڳγɡ
Ȼǻ޵ҲӲʴ¹ļ⣬󳹵γɵʱֱӱ˳ȥ
һ̣ǰһ޿ռ䣬⴦޿ռ䵱УԶԶľܼһЩǹ׺Щǹ⣬ɫģаɫģҲкɫġ
ѵЩǹǱӣ
һüͷ΢΢һ壬һ޿ռĻɶҲ̫ЩܿһЩ໥֮佫ۼһĻ˵ɲ̫ˡ
ܿĵǶġ
Ϊ͵ĵطֻǽķһУһֻһ
Ҳ˵ܹٸԽÿеи嶼䵽ͬķȥҪȫˡ
һУܹٶ壡յеıǹ⣬Ҳٸ
޵״̬£ֱӳһɫǹ⼲۶ȥ
ɫǹ⣬ϾӣǽϾӣܻܿԴƷֵ൱ı


1519 
ϾӼ۹ȥĽʼ㣬Ҳ˸׹⣬߸Ա˹
һǰУһ߹۲ź󷽵İ׹⣬ܹҫʮ׹⣬Ҳ˵ܹʮͬ壬ڵ
ʮ
Щɻ󣬲תһ뵹ҲʮͬһܹٸĻôаǧͷ˽
ڵ򣬽ʴ¹ܹңҲ˵дķ֮һ֮һ˽˽պòġ
ʵǰͷ
Уÿ֮ľɱڳʼеҪԶöˣﵽǧ룬Ҫһε˲ƣҲ֪ҪȥֱӳĿص㼲ɹȥ
ԾУѾ޿ռеıϾб䶼˸ǳһĹâ
ܹʮϾӣʮӣһʮӣպٸ
ÿһӣҪ򿪶Ҫʮ
ıͳʼıֵͬڽУ򿪺Ҫʮ򿪰ҪʮϾӣҪʮ
һȣ˾ǸϾӣͬʱʮǿߣҲ򼲷ɶ
Щš
ǻ״̬϶֪ĴڣһϾӣ϶ǻᱻע⵽ΪУϾһԱܿ˸֪ĴڣһǱڵв˵ֱӴһϾˡ
һת뵽һ⡣
ȵ̬Ȼ˶֮ǰֱӽһͷڰ˳
ǺڰܵٿأֱȥϾӸˣȻжֱ˳
ǶֱӱСУȻ߶ڰֱԱ
ʣڰȻֻǱĺڰô˵Ҳһͷδ׵ĴڣֱԱĻȻܵʴ¹ƣҲ㹻Ͼ̳ǼϢĨˡ
֮úڰԱԼʼձŻ޵״̬ǰɹȥ
Ǹںͷȫ߶δ۷ǿ壬ȴҲûκΰ취ʲôȡϾӵĶ֪
߶ͷڰģǱӣȻһЩ˲²ȡϾжģˡ
Ĳ²⣬ǲ²˭ɵһС
ѾԶҳŲ淽Ųûмƴǰ棬ΪҲֻһΰˣڶλҪôĻԻΪԷ׼ʧܡ
ʱܿܰԼСϡ
һϾӣ㹻ˣȥһɱ壬õ㹻ǰʴ¹ĵ򣡡
ţ֪Ҫǰʴ¹ĵȫӣҲҪٷֲ㹻Ҫɱı顣
ڣڽУһɱ壬ܵõԷһķһٷֻǱȽϷġ
ȻǶһЩȽǿ˵ġ
˵Ҫٷ֣Ҳɱͷ壬ÿһͷʵֻ͵ϮС
ڣķУΧǳĹڱȽԶĵط飬˶ȥģѰЩȽƫƧʵֱȽļһ
ܿ죬һͷδ׵屻ˡ
һͷδ壬Ӧ򣬲ԷȻδ׵ģͿ϶ᵣĴ򲻹ˣֱȥ͵Ϯɵˡ
ͬһɵ͵ԵΪ͵ϾںڰУʵֲǿ˺Ե
ؼǣһߵǷǳƫƧ·ߣڳԵһӷȥ㣬ʱܸϵǱߡ
ʱڣȽϽϾûˣǾҵĵطԵİӣϵ˾Ͳࡣ
ϾҲʮ塣
Щûеһʱ壬Ҳʮһ붼ʵǿֱӳ뱦ĵطǰУ;ɱ˶ᱦܹ󻯡
һ߳ͷɳȥһ߲鿴һԼոմ򿪵ϾеĶ
ǡ
һʱ۾һУⶫպܹó
еϾӣŵĶɾԲһ㣬ʮֺʹⶫһöɫĹӡ
öУ̺żŨĴ̺֮һʾӰ֮
ܵõеĴ֮쾧һƷ֮Ķʮ֮࣬൱һöƷ֮ҲòĶ
彮ڣԴҲǷḻˣ̺ôഴ֮ı°ŻһΣôõ
ң۲öӣõһѶϢǾǣöеܹģֻҪԵöɫĹӣֱӾܶеĴ֮˲ʾİӰ֮
𾪣Ȼ֪ʲôӣֱӽȥ
ʴ¹еõĺöȻͬ졣
ö֮еĴֱ֮ӷĳӿȥδЩ֮Ϊħ֮ĵطˡ
ħ֮ĵأҪھأҪĴ֮Ҳһֱûгħ֮ĵԭ
ڣǸõĻᣡ
ܹչеĴ֮϶ҪԼʵģոͻƣһܹôഴ֮ģҲΨħ֮طˡ
ħ֮ĵѶȣһֱǳԤϵġ
öȻ̺źĴ֮ħ֮ĻٶȲ죬һһ˴߷֮һĴ֮˵ء
Ȼ߷֮Ĵ֮ﵽ˵ڰأ߷֮ĵĴ֮ȫϣպýħ֮۷壬ھأ
Ҫ֪ö̺Ĵ֮쾧һƷ֮еĶʮ
Ҫȹ̾Ļôö֮㹻ڵֱ߶δףгһĴ֮ʣࡣ
ɴ˿ɼħ֮ĵѶжߣ
ʴ¹ĶһҸɵİոˣ
˸âħ֮۷֮⣬öڹӵУһʾİӰġ
ⰵӰģƽġȻǸոյõȴѾ䳹˳̶Ⱦʾһ
ʲôЧͲ֪ˣպôԸļһ
һöȥʵõ˼
Ҫħ֮Ĵﵽ۷壬һмطֶΡ


1520 ɳ
ʱ֪ĵЧħ֮ĵ۷ֶΣڴġ
ƿء֮طھ۷֮󣬶һǿֶΣħ֮ĵȻҲһħ֮ĵѶȱطҪߵöˡ
Ҳ͵ˣħ֮ڴﵽھ۷ʱ򣬾ȻطֶΣ
еһֶΣħ
Ѱķһħ֮ĵǿ۳ķʵȫһģҲ˵۳һħĻսֱӾܹ
ң˻ûа취ֱһǷһΪ߸һģһġ
ڣҲһС͵ħ֮ģʹ÷֮ҲܹѸٶȱˣҲֻƾһ㣬ֲпֱܷͷˡ
Ҫħ֮ķٶһģҲ˵ھصħ֮طֻҪʱ䣬Ϳ۳һħ
ȻԼȫٵĻҪȫҲֻҪʱͿˡ
ħ֮Ĵﵽھ۷壬ĵڶֶΣħ塣
һ׼ķֶˣԴ߶ħ֮ĵ渲һħ֮ʲôҲȴ֪ħ֮ĵǿ
֪ħķΣ
ţûĶȻźܸߵڴҲǲܹ̫ʱ䳢һ²С
ʱͷɳѾֻʣ¶̶̵ɾ롣
ɳȻǰУ֪ԼѾ˸ˣȻǰǰӣΪڴӣϾǽİӣһ·̾ͿԴˡ
ҪǣʱûҪӣȫԽΪУ
ȥı䣬ƫƧıԵĻԵȷҪСϺܶ࣬ҲţϵĻҪѵĿԽü͡
뵽һ㣬ԲŻƫƧıߣȥɱЩȽû˾ļһ
ɳӵδ׵ΪǺӵ壬ʲôһŲ֪
ӵо֮壬̶ܴϾͿԱһЩϡŹֵֶΣǿȲϣԷʲôֶǿӦ˵ġ
ϿԷҲ𽥴״ֳ̬
ͷɳҲƺʲôʣҰп͵ϮľԲʲôߣǶԼʵĵģɳƺЩš
ܿ죬͸о߾ȻֻǸĶδ׵ġŹ֡壬ǺӵģҲǺӵǿԱ
ƺֺǣĶδףȻ⣿
ȻҲֻδ׶ṳ̂߶δףδ׵ɳ㣬Ѱ߶δ׵ߣҲܹȡʤġ
ܹʴ¹δףôǼ򵥵ļһ
ɳȴ֪ȻĶδףֶȴԶѰ߶δ׵ߣ
Ϊǿ˭ŷ
ɳܵĴڣʱʩչֶõˮϵ̫̼֮۳һˮϮ
һˮܹԽռ䣬Ͼˮϵ̫֮ǿռĵĻԴͷܴԽռҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ˮϮûܹӦԷĹٶʵ̫ˡ
Щˮϵʱ򣬲δħ֮ϣȻӴ붼ʱ䣬ֱӾͳ׸ԭˡ
Ȼʱ䣬ɳҲš
ˮϵ̫ۣ֮Χܹ߸УÿһжʩչᣬҲᣡ
еĻ϶ֻ·һġ
ڣԷ߸ҪȷǸһҪۺ׼ʱ䡣
͸һ׼ʱ䡣
ǽܺˣȻѸʾģͬʱͿʼħ
ħ֣ľѾɣ֮Ȼ֮ϣȻͨĿռֱ߽֮ӽЩˮϵ̫֮и߽⿪
ţħһжֱ֮Ӻʣĸˮϵ̫֮Ҳ߽⿪
ʣһˮϵ̫֮Уˣֱħ֮Ȼ
ֲ˲ûħȴ޷ɻԵˡ
ϣֱʩչħ壬һڵĳģʣֱӸȫ£ֳһˣֶεķȷǿ
ԷһֶΣֲ߱ռ䶼ЩŤħħ壬ûܵһ˿һ˺
ħķȻǼǿģرǶ˵
ڵֶξͱȽ٣ħ֮Ϳ˵ȫλóˣû̫Ե㡣
ǰֻܶÿս˵ʵսվֻһ似ֶΣرǿ
ħǵһٲĿս֮󣬿սϵķҲһ롣
ԣֱӴ߶ħ壬ܱȵԼٲϵĿս֮ʩչĿսϡ
ɳۿȻûбֶ˺ʱЩȣʱҲֲȥˣΪűֵˡ
Լħͬһʱ߶ڵʾģ
壬Ǵ߶˾֮򣬽֮۳ɳжңħǴ߶޽֮գ˲佫ԷӡסҳԼ˹
˫ؿֶΣɳ㼸ܹκˣһ̣ɳϱ˸һǳɫâȻһöǳɫľ״֡
Ǿ״ոճֱ֣ӱ㱬һǳɫһʾĿռģˮϵ̫֮
һǳɫǴɳϱǴǳɫľ״ӿֳȻ޽֮յķӡҲûа취סǾ֮ȻǶٶȡ
ǳɫľ״壬Ȼɳսһ޾Ʒսһ
ǳɫֱжɳ֮ϵ޽֮նʱʧЧնûܹʩչ
һ̼߶ģ֮һʩչԿռĵ߽ʱʾЧֱӽһǳɫâ߽ˣһҲʱ䡣
޽֮ռʩչոմ֮߶
һֱ̣֮ں޷ɳڱ
һ˲䣬ɳԭЩǳɫΣʱƣ治ƣĵǽ޽֮յĵգֱӺ䱬˶Էڣ


1521 
֮ǰ֪ûʲôЧ
˵һʾģǽϵ̫֮ġɭħһģܻܿḽһЩЧģɭħĵĶԾĴݻ
޽֮յֶΣڶԷڱһӾ͸оԷڵʼ
ģöԷʧ
һЧ⡣
⣬ȻҪģϾȫֻöӷȥ֮󸽴ģܹȫһʾģǼ˴ˡ
ĺԷڣ޽֮յЧԷĵλʼʧ
ͬʱһʩչ޽֮գһɭħĴ߶ԷʶҪܣȴ޽ֱ֮˻ȻɭħڶԷڳױ
ɱ
ӿħһʩչġ
֮ǰ޽֮գҲħһʩչȫԷκλᣬ˫ع£ɳȫֵסھ궼ܵ˼ΪصĴ
ɭħġɱԸ߶δ׶Ǵ´࣬˵Ըͷδ׵ɳˡ
ʱɳľ겻ϱݻ٣һע⵽ԼħħսлǱȽ۳ģϾҪʱܹ۳
ǲǿ۳һЩħСУȵսʱֱӴ߶
һ£ҪάһħҪĵ٣ͷħôÿʱὫԼĸɾ
ĳ̶ȣֻܴħͷϾʴ¹ĽУ뻹ҪʮģôʱһֱάħĻϵĻָҩȫԲ
ҡҡͷֱӲ鿴һ۸ոԼõķ
ڽУɱܹ֮õԷһķǰͷɳȻǸսûʼӣôϵķҲһٵġ
һۣԼɱͷɳ㣬ֱʮܷﵽһʮ֣Ǻܶˣ㣬عͷǰʼȥ
ʱ˿̣ɳ㷽սһʱ䣬Ĵ󲿶ӣѾ˺Զĵطˡ
ϾӣҲѾ˿ͬʱУѾѡ˳Ѿڻսɥ
ȻЩ壬áˡݻ̫ǡ
ʣҲЩľ
Ҫ֪ܹģɶһеľӢٮٮߣھɼʴ¹ľʵ̫ˡ
ķУûʲôϤĶֻ֣ЩϤ塣
磬һͷ߶δ۷ǿߣһͷе߶δ۷ǿߡϣǰ뾺Ͼӵģȫ߶δ۷Ĵˡ
Ⱥ׷ȥ˫֮ľҲԽԽ
ոڱԵɱһͷɳ㣬ԼϷ϶ܶ࣬Ҳ˼֮Ҫ׷ɱ
ȻЩǲԸģΪҪĸ
ǰнٶûô죬ֻҪ׷ǾܹȻȻ֣˭ɱõһõһķǾ͵ÿֶˡ
Ȼ֪ǰЩ뷨
һЩǿ壬ͷе壬ѾԶԶǰͷǻеʵǿҸոѾڻսиɵͷ壬϶Ѿ٣ƾЩܹǰһ·̤ϵˡ
;ЩϾӣ϶ô׷ġ
ڣǰˣٵܸƣЧʵĻɱЩ壬÷
ͷе뷨
Ȼôġ
Ѿͷ֮ͬ䣬ƺѾЭ飬ͷеһжȥȻҪһɱͷе塣
Ȼɱе֮ͷ֮˿϶ȥͷһ𣬵Ҳͷеûô׳ưķ
ƣͷеʵǲ˶ٵģҪ΢ǿһЩ
֮УûгȽǿˡ
ֻɫ塭
ȴǹ۲쵽˳еһźźһֻ壬̬Ǻ岻ǺӵĴڣûʵڣ˵еǿ֮һ
źʱûбֳʲôʵŴ󲿷壬ڱȽϱԵĵطǰ
ûȶ֣ĥΧʵȵĥٶ֣ƾֱźʵǻе֮ϣĻźʤܴ
ҪǣԼҲ϶ȥźġ
ǶϤޱȵ򲻹˵ϤһĴڡ
Ȼ֪ԼʵǿҲ÷ֳϣʴ¹ĽУʵֻ˵µģոսħ֮˵ھ۷壬Ҳһ̫ͣʵ̫ˡ
ܹѾܲˣѾõĺô
˵ʵѡ˳ʴ¹ҲǾԲˣԸ񣬲򲻵ѵ£ǿ϶˳ġ
лֶΣֱܹӴ˲ߣԼסСҲܴߣ˲ѡ˳
һɱĸǼСģһбɱˣҪȻĻ˳Ļᡣ
һǰһϸ۲ʣЩ塣
һͷ壬һͷ壬һͷ壬һͷԨ壬ле壬Լͷͬ壬ģ
Щսʽ˽ޣֻԶԶں濴š
ںܼԶԶŶԷԷҵľ룬Է˻൱Ǵھ԰ȫ״̬һȻòˣҪĿɲӡ
ЩϾУһöӣҲ޷õ̫ˡ
սѾĶδ׵ļޣٵõʲô޷ʵ̫࣬һ޷ԸЩ߶δ۷Ĵڡ
ƽҪܹ©ͼ©ܵĻͰǰɱͷɳ֮ķѾ㹻ǰܳһʱ䣬ǰ˻ߴ϶Ǻܶġ
ôţǰȴһѴģͣΣƺҪ׷Ȼ֡
壡
һݣЩ⡣
ģһѴ󽣣϶ŸŹֵ·ܹͷųֲͬǿҲһЩⲫ似ҲǼΪǿĴڡ
ǰͷ߶δ۷Ľ壬ͣ׼ԸȻǿںͷˬܾˣҪɱһЩ
ȴע⵽ͷڸոջս˵ģ


1522 ս
ԭеǿ֮һ
塢е塢棬оǿ֮һԭûУҪռеΪģԴ
ҲΪˣ嵱еǿԶ塣
壬ֻ߸ǿߡ
塢ͻеУǶнǿߵģлв۷Ĵڣ
ǰľۣȻǰи飬ǸʥΪûʲô۷ĳǿߡ
仰˵Ҫȥ塢ͻе£ɾûôˡ
ͷ壬Ϊ˵ԭûмȺȥսѡͣϢƬ̣˳һܹɱĶδ׵壬ǽҲܵõġ
ȻڲսҲ֮ǰɱһͷɳ壬Ϸ϶٣иٷҡ
ȴֻ֪һʮ֣ʮǵһϾˡ
Уûκ֪ǵһϾģǲҲ²ģ˵һϾӣҲкܶ˲š
Ҫֻ֪Ķδ׵Ϊôܵôǰ濪Ͼӣһ巢֣
ͷ壬ֻܷ֮ӳһʵ
пʼ˸żľâ
һʵпܹԸģϾӵſս޾Ʒ似ܹսƵӵ޵ĻԸһͷ˵Ľ壬Ǻܳ⡣
ؼǣ⽣ʱʱ̶̿˹̵С
Ƭ̣ʵָܿܲȫʢ״̬Ļζ֡
Ǿᡣ
ҪӿսƣƱҪһʱ䣬ԷҲҪʱ䣬˫Ҫʱ䣬һϵ̫ãǶԷĶ֡
ѡǰͷҲжǶ׼ͨҪնɱϵķ
Ǿս
Ȼ⽣廹ΪԶˣ
ոճ·ʱѾʼСħÿͿ۳һǰͷһɾ֮ڵʱСѾħ
֧ħͬʱսҪĵ࣬Ҳûа취飬㹻ħܹԸٶȵӿսƣҸԷʱɱȽϴвöԷ˵˼١
һܹԼӿսƵʱ䣬ͬʱԷ˵ʱ䣬һá
ΨһҪǣҪڶʱڽսҪȻͷԸԼڵһˡ
ħʵȻȵһĵʵ̫ˡ
òսپرħ˷һ˿һʱ䣬ڣֻҪһʱȥҪһöҩָ
õǣܹЩħõҩӶָħһѹ
ҪȻĻ״̬µĳսļ
ͷɷΧڣͷûκԥֱӳ֣Ͼ˰ɷΧڣԷͿֱͨ˲ԡ
ңͷһҵĻǲöԷ۳ٷ
Զ벻ܻͷǲ۷ģûⷽĹֱ֮Ӷ˹ơ
ռУ˷ӿֳȻͬʱʮ˸
ÿһռУһͷķ֣ЩֱӳϮ޾ȻΧռ䶼סˣ
֮
ħͷųֱħһʩչ߽֮ΧռӡٶҲԭ߱
ֻ˲䣬ƿЩռĿռֱ˲Ƶǰȥ

ħֱʩչֶΣ˲͵ʮĿսƣһϲȻôѸ٣
ͷһεӿսٶôģҪ֪ǰƾսȭһȭһȭڣħͬʱʩչĻȻܹӿսƵĲ
ʮ˷ܣ˵ʱʮħĻһӾһٶĿսˣ
ңʱȥṩĿսƲ᲻ӡ
һʱ󣬿ӵĿսƽﵽʮ㣬ܹĻҲһ㣡
ȻȥſĵӣΪͷʵǿᣬѸٸɵĻľԼˡ
ĹŲӰ
սȭڣ
ħͬʱʩչĹŲӰȻͷЩռвϺսȭڣ
ÿοսȭںһͷĹŲӰֱӱ뵽ǿռеУ˵Ѱ·һĿսȴѸٵĵ
ֻ˲ƿռӡ˲䣬ĹŲӰͶ뵽Щռб飬ĿսҲһӵӵһٶʮ㣡
Ҫȵһʱ󣬿ЧˣֱӾͿԽսƵӵ㡣
ۿȻЩĹŲӰ뵽ռУɱΪͷȻǳԤϣҲܵϲĿ
սĵƵӣ˱üѹ
ڿǴħģÿһħƶһģһ߸Ƴ࣬໥֮ûһ˿һĲ
һ̣бЩУЩźĵЩŻĵȻͬʱ߱ԣȫʾģ
ͷ𾪣Ȼ֮һĽǿߣžȻѾôʾģÿһʾĶȫġ
⽫ɷΧڵĿռ䳹ˣҪ˲ߣҲǸ㲻ЩƵģΪʴ¹˲Զһɣ
ͷպýɷΧȫýǰҪ޴ӡ
ħ壡
սϣ
ʩչзֶûа취콣ϮҲֻܹзˣڶԷˣ⹥ƲǺǿ
ƾħͿսϣԵֵԷ콣
ǿֶΣֶΣǾͬ
֮ǰʱѾǳԹˣͬЧǿԵӵġ
ڣħһһʩչ߲ͬͬĵЧɷΧڵÿֱ˾ų壡
ħϵЩͲֵһˣҪ˵޷ħ壬ս϶˲ʱܹ顣
˵ǽħ֮˵ھ۷塣
ܵԴʱҲܹܳˣԷҪɱûô׵ġ
֮򣡡
ֱʩչ֮һʾ۶ɵв˸ڵĹâȻڵľΧез
ķʼˣ


1523 ɵ
֮ʩչʱΧͷȫЩסܵơ
ͷʱɢһâһʾĵȻȻ丽ųڴϮ
ͬһʯһ㣬ͷŻ⣬г̣˲ǰ
ϧǣ⽣岻̫һһβ²Ȼ´ˣһħɱ˹ȥǻʯǿǽħֱӻ˷飡
δ⣬ʵԼ屻ɷ飬Ҳ̫⣬ΪϾħ֮Ѿ˵ھ۷ĲΡ
Ǹݻٵħʱ˿̱ԡһƬ𺣵Уֻʣһħ֮Ļħֻ֮ǸƷȻôǿᡣ
ƾƬ𺣣ȴҲǿħ֮ĵġ
ǽһȻǿĲ֪֮ݻٵĻͻ᲻ܳ޷ɱ
ֶǼĵġ
Ҽħ˾Σ߶δ۷ĽǿߣоҪ
Ȼѣǲòħ֮ĸɵ
ͬһϣ۱ЩȻ̺Ÿָһ𹥻ȻǿһЩ
纮ĺͻģϵĻһ㶼ܹһЩ
ɨ֮£ħħ֮ı˲⣬ڳ˸ѺۣȻ˺ѿɢһڵľ֮Ȼɢȥ
һԿƤһ
ɲ֪Լڵħ֮ĵķжǿʣӦǲֵܵס⽣Ϻġ
ֻʣħ֮ĵ£޷ʩչ޵ֶΣ֮ͨĶ޷ãʱɾˡ
һһнɷ飬ǻʯһƻ̫ǿˣұõĻҪ㿪
š
ȻǽɲᶯͬһֶγΣϾڶζõʱ򣬶ֶһЩˡ
һͷħ֮ǽ嶢һͷħܲҵģȻֻһͷʱ򸽽һڵľһʱ۳һͷħ
ͱųͷħȻЩħֱٻĹŲӰʮĻĹŲӰͷ壬ֱʩչ˿սȭ
ӣĿսֱӵӵһʮ㣬ЩĹŲӰҪȥʩչսȭʱѾ֧ŲסαǿĿսķɵ÷顣
ֻʣ³ʮսȭȭâǽȻ
ͷŽз籩ĹƣһͷħϮʮȭâҲת˲ǽϣ£ЩȭâȻз籩׾飬ûжǽһ˿һ˺
޽֮գ
״ûκͣЪֱԼħͬʱʩչ޽֮գһħʾľģɭħģ嶯ģ
ֱ߶޽֮ڶԷڱҽԷڵһʱӡ
ֻһڶԸͷ壬һ޽֮գ޷Էӡȴ൱߸ͬʱԸͷ壡
ͷ֮޴󣬵޽֮յһ𱬷Ҳʹ佫ʱ޷κˡ
οɭħĺĵЧһ̱㱬ˡ
ľֱ꣬ܵ˴ˣȻ˲أվˡ
ңĵı֮£ϿʼʧʧٶȻǳ죡
ڽתһöˮģĶ˽帽ǴˮģĶ۳ֻһ̣㽫Щ״̬ȫɾˡ
ǡ̫Ʒ
۾˶Է̫Ʒ̺ŵǾˮϵ̫֮
߸ԼԸͷ壬⽣ʵ̵ʶͷȻǿ֣ʴ¹ǿߵУҲֻŵǰѡ
ˣͷĸֶѾܹѹˣʩչһЩɱﵵĻԲһĶ֡
ͷ壬жٷأ
ţ⽣ɱˣŶԷƻδ׻ָֻܶòɵڲɱԺûˡ
⽣ֶβ٣ܵĴˣⴴһʱɺòˣ䲡Ҫʲô׵ģʴ¹Уκ嶼Լˡ
ķУû壬û壬ôζȫǶ֣лĻ뽫ȫɱˣϧûʵ
е廹ȽģͷеҲ൱ʵѾܹưˣҪͷȥԼ
Ҫ֪У֮䶼ԽнģҪ֮ͬѶȾԲС
ȻУܹЩǿһ£ƾ磬Щ彻ЩҲԸⰡ
򣡡
ʱֱӶþȻס˶Էͷж
սȭ
һΣ壬ħһʩչ˿սȭʱħ˿Ȼǳܲסսȭɡ
ʱͷڶԸһͷħҪħħ֮ĸ߻ٵˣʱȭâΧȻ
ʶĴ߶ֶΣԣ
ϧǣսȭѾӵ۷ĿսµĽͷȫʢ״̬ǿֵܹģȻڣȭâȻ⽣ֵס
Ȼ߶ȭâȭâ֮ϣֲĿս֮Է󶴣һЩǳɫҺзɽЩ൱ڵѪҺɡ
޽֮գ
ɱ
û˿ͣЪ޽֮պɱͬʱʩչǺһʩչֱӽǽ峹
ɱڣ޽֮ڶ⣬ֱӽǽΧ
ֵȻȴ޷ֵסЩƣײɭħĵ޽֮ںȻ
ͷ壬ûа취ֱֵӱݻ٣뵽״̬
ʮ
ɵͷͬʱʱǰһһܷʹﵽһپʮ˷֣Ӧò㹻ͨķˡ
Ȼǰȥӡ
ɵͷǿߣһӾסעø


1524 
ĲԾǣܹ£ܶĿӡ
лɱ壬ǾͶ֣ûĻһ·ȥһپʮ˷֣Ĺ˵Ӧǲ๻˵ġ
嵱Уÿһʴ¹ܹ˶࣬ô
ԣҪѶȱǼġ
οĶδ׵ľ磬Ҫĵطסˣ˵취һȥɱ壬䣬ǰ
ȻѶȺܴ󣬵ǱȽ˳ġ
ͷɵ֮󣬳вעеϣȻĲֶѾ֪ˣħ֮;
޽֮εֶΣȴǲ˵֪
ʱûнЩħɢΪʱȷԼǷѾΣգǰ񣬱ϾȺɱɳͽǿߣϷ϶١
ЩȴǲԸ˵ģһҲôԶһԸҪĵʮֵķһбĻͺܲˡ
ǰȻкüͷ嶼ͣȴǰʱЩΣֻԭأѡǰˡ
żзԼǰĻ뵽ЩİΧȦУֻ·һԼĶλǳȷôµĻսǲܹȥġ
һ̫ͣսನпܶɾ޴˺
ڶѾ˱ע⣬ٴȥĻ϶ܵ˵ļûκλ·
Ѿ˱ע⡭
ţиֳһĨâȻ㽫Ѫʥͼȡ˳߶ѪʥͼԼϢȫˡ
ţֱӻޣȻǰн
״̬£ûκܹҵõڵλá
ԼµϢۼҲˣҲͨݣݳڵλá
սֻޣôûʱȥۼɾҵԼ
ڣԷԸ˷ѷ˵ǸܺõĻᣬֱۼȻޣٴγΪһĴڣ͸ʼʱһ
һʧЩȺȫˡ
һʱ䣬Щȫֹͣ˵ȴǰнЩп϶ˡ
һȻƾʧ
ôʼǸϾӣҲСߵģ
ȻЩ嶼һ㣬ȴûа취
ۣʶ֪֮޷ĴڣƺǴȫʧһҲпѡ˳ˡ
ǲܰѾϡ
аͷеڣʧһĻѾһЩԡ
״̬Ҫ͵ϮǲܵģֻܵȵرõĻᣬܹ֣ҪȻĻֻһ·ֱǰȡˡ
ǿеϾӣʼеϾӣ֮俪Ķж𣬾֪еӾǶôˡ
ܹõеӣôջģ
鴫ҲеȤģҲ֪Լõ鴫еĿԲ˵ǷǳͣڴĻ϶ʧġ
ԣĿҲҪ򣬿һЩ䣬Ȼþգܵõپ͵õٶ
ڽеĶоԼļޣԼӦܹǰĲŶԡ
ܿ죬ЩԾЩ嵱Ȼ޷ܵĴڣ׷Ȼ໥乴ĶǣСĽżЩСͻҲѸٵķֿˡ
ΪڣУֻʣʮͷ塣
ôգЩ໥֮䶼ȽԶģһξûʲô䣬ԳͻҲͱˡ
ǰʱ󣬱ϾӲһ𣬵ʱ򣬿϶ᣬǾһᣬ˵ܻˮ㣬ɵһͷ壬ӶõһЩء

ʱ֮ڶ㶼ŵϾӸȴʱҶ֣ϾԱͣͷǿĻе壬ڶûж֣һѡ
Ϊͷе嶼֪ǰҪӵĻһֳǿĻе壬ҲҳΪʸ֮ĵġ
ڻ޵״̬£϶ǲȥϾӵģοϾͲٷ֣ӵĻͲһܵˡ
Ҫ֪ǰ˵ľеıǷӵеģֱӳǰȡ߱ﶼҪѷҪ
ȡһӻҪ۳ʵȽ˵ûôѺãϾҪɱʵ̫ˡ
ǣͶϾӵĸԼɵĵط
ڣжʮͷҵ壬ڶţ壬ǲϾӵע⣬ֱӹǰˣϾЩҲ֪ĻսֲʲôôͱˣԾòˡ
ʱ۲һ£е廹ǧٹ֡
еһɫ⣬ǳƯͺǰһֶνƵģʵȻҲӹɣٸͬһεĴڡ
б塢Щ壬òɿʴ¹УȻ໥ΪһС壬ҪС⣬ҲûôףǿĻе嶼ǲҵġ
һ壬ȫҺģ͸״̬ȺԵòôۣͷ壬֮ǰսӲĽһͷɵڣ͸ҺȻˣɼֲ֮
֮ǰһֱڱԵߵź״̬壬ʱ˿ҲϾӱϣҲȥϾӣǴȴʱ
۲˳ÿһͷȻ¹һ´
ۼĶʮͷ壬ֻһСԭΪϾˣ壬Ҫɱõķ
ֻеõ˸ǲܹӣõ౦
ԣ壬ǳЩǿڵĿꡣ
һ㣬ԸͲżЩ໥϶ҪֵģֻǶֵˣȱľʱ䡣
ϵʱԽãԽṇ̀ǵȵһ¹ٿһ̤֮δ׵ľ硣
϶ܵҪܵ壬Ҫ˳ôҸպñסɵ
λãڱȽϿλãȥ˵ҪܣǴ


1525 սʼ
Լѡһλö׼ΧȺĳͻ
Ͼڣⳡͻ϶ᱬ˭ȶ֣˭¶
ϾԱߣбȽǿ壬ҲбȽ壬ǱȽ壬Ҳڵȴᣬϣܹռˡ
Щʵǿ壬ڰѡԼһʲôļһ¶ֱܱܿӶָɵ
˵ǼΪģЩֵĻһֱǺȥõʴ¹ʱ֮ģڽʴ¹ûʲôʱƵġ
ڳʼһ֮⣬ʴ¹֮Уʲôʱƣֻзơ
ڰ۲ų
һһ˵ֳһһУܹпܷǰ׼
ǰЩûвμγͻĶʮͷѾɳǧɵľ롣
Щ壬Ȼ֡
ٲֵĻǰЩ嶼ҪϾڴˡ
ȻûзҲûʲôȤȥЩֻҪڵһƱļһǣܹǿУ϶۹⼫ߵģҪǰȥ
˵򣬲ǾҵĵطǿһãܹõıҲΪġ
ʱעŵʱ򣬳ͻȻͱ仯
ȶֵģǻеͷȽǿĺ壬ˣ
壬Ҫһͷ壬һͷ廹һͷ壬ͷ壬ɵʱսΪǿܹͷеĸս
ԣͷ׼֡
ԵĿ꣬ǳһͷȫŽ߶δ۷壬ͷ壬壬ϢЩңȻˡ

˭ĵ
˭϶зôɱһһͷԸͷĻϲʲô
ôһͳ˳Ҿĵ
ʮͷ嵱Уһ˶˱ͽŵһӾͿʼңЩڼƻе飬ֱӾᵽ˵ǰʼڳкȻ
еĴսڿʼˡ
һսϾ;У˭ܳΪյʤߡ
ӮңָĵȻɱ֣õӵǿߣǲҪ˳ͷֻҪڻмͷʲôģѾ㹻ˡ
ɱͷͷ壬Ҳ֪Լʵȫ롣
Ļһʼˡ
ͷͷΧĽ壬һһ״ȻǴضװӣ˵ͷȴֻʣǱ
Ͼһͺѣ˵Ѿˡ
Իûô֣ͷͱߴˣֶٷ۳ֱס˱ͻ壬ֻǶһͷ壬ԣʱᱻ׸ɵ
ֻǣͷ廹ڱ˱߹۲쳡еûȫҪ˵뷨
⣬͸һᣡ
ǱڶԷ˺ķϣڶԷעȫûǱͻϮܹɱĿԾԲ͡
ȻԷôҲǸ߶δ۷ĴڣóȻж˵﷭
ϾϵӵĿսѾʧû˼ǿĿսȭҪɱԷϾֻ޽֮ռɱֶνС
ȷԷľʵԼǷеƣԣ͵ϮͻȻʩչֶΣҲܹ֤һܽԷɱ
һ¶ҪԵĿɾͲֻһͷˡ
ԣȻ͵ϮĻᣬǳסǰٷܹ֮ɹ͵ϮҪȻᶯ֡
˺ͷȻڳˣûʧȥսҪȻǵľͲǻˮ㣬˺ѡ˳ˡ
ͬʱͷΧѹ϶ܴѹ£ͷ廹ܹ˼ȥҪˣɼԱֶûʩչ
Ҫ͵ϮǻĿԣɵġ
ԷϺˣܿͲ˺סûκζݹȫ֣
ϣڳĶʮͷ嵱Уֳ߸սţеսΧеսǳ׻ս
ֻһطȽ⣬źֱӽһͷ״ɽȥȻͳûϢȻǺҪȫͷҲҪʱģǺһͷ֮һֱĶһԣûмս
һв嶢Ǻ塣
Ȼź壬Ȼոպܸɴһͷ壬ڵսȴǱסˡ
ΪֶλǱЩϤ˽ģһһͷǿ֣Ҫһʱֻܳ׽ɱҪȻĻֻǷӡ˶Էˡ
壬ͬʱֻһ֣Ȼжʽڶֵľֻ꣬нֵľ곹ܼһ֡
ʱĸ嶼壬֪ʱû̫вҪ䳹׸ɵ
עʱ򣬷ָͷսȫǾ񹥻ֶΣȻһһЩĹԸźûκЧġ
ź壬ڻ壬ɺ۶ɣȫû壬仹ЩģȻȽƮô˵Ҳ塣
۲һߵսźľǿᣬȻͷǿͬʱ񹥻ȴ޷ͻ侫ϣ
Ȼ޷źʱҲܻܡ
󣬵۾
⼸ͷ壬ǶþĻôǿиðյĻˣȻ̺ŷǳΣգһɹһջ
ҪıǾ֮طҪĻ۷εľ꾵
ڣ϶ͱЩסˣһ֣Ի׷ɱϾȺɱɳͽǿߣϷ϶١
Ļһź϶ȺעȺԼ
ΨһĵľǣЩ֮ڶþֶζԺ䣬ҪֵĻԷǲǾͻᶯֶζþ񹥻ֶΣ
Ļ֮ķЧȫЧˡ
ôҲھͳ֣Ҳõźս֮ﵽ˰Ȼ˵
УͷеǿɱһͷԨ壬ͷԨѵֵͬʱϺˣȴߵķо΢ϧ
ҪȻĻǿԳ͵ϮһͷԨġ


1526 һ
ϱü
սһʱ֮󣬾Ϳʼˡ
Ϊעĵطźڵĵطһʱźڽɵڵȫʴ
Ǻʩչֶһ⣬ȫǾ񹥻ֶΣȺþ񹥻ֶΧԿ
ң˷
ʵӹɣ˵ʵĻͷͷеǿһ֮һ
ԣǺոշĽ̾Ƿâ¶̺ױȵľݻ֮ͷȫС
ȻȻǺǿڣҪڽһҲûô׵ġ
ңǺùͷ壬ҪɱȴҲס
ؼǣʴ¹򰡡
š
ͷ֮е˾㲻ι̡
˭ֶβһ㣬뵽ΣյľأܿܶѶ֣ᷴɱΪľܹõһķ
˲ף˶ΪԼжʱˣҲÿʱÿ̶ؼʱ׳һЩ⡣
Ͼͷ壬ֻΪͬԿɳ֮ô໥Щ˽⣬ʹֵĻ
ʴ¹֮⣬ڿɳУͷڵ֮䣬ͬҲǵжԵĹϵ
ͬͷ֮һ
ʴ¹ʱϣһȥǵжԣʴ¹УжԼȽϺõĻᣬҲŹ
ԣΧĺ廹ǻеǿߣһ㣬ǵķ򣬾ȫڶԷһϣȫȥᡣ
пܵĴҶԷţöԷʱ¶
ҪȻĻһǺͻе嶼ѶԸ
Ϲ۲ų״ͬʱ˼ԼðǸ뷨˼ųɹж١
ʱΪҪģһƱȫֱǰٶȳǰͲȥˣȻǰһƱҪɳɹС
˼㣬տԿ϶ֻҪʱյ㹻ãȫļƻ
ʱţźֵսݱңһͷһ仨һ屻岻Ϲݻ֮䳹Χ
һܵ˺вͺ֣ܲһΪԷ൱һпܵõջҲήͺܶ࣬һΪԷעпܲἯϡ
ٵȵȡ
סӣȴţڴͷļһܹƳĿǰҪǺôɵĸɵˡ
ڣ巢ԼΣԴͬʱ̳ź˿ȥȫɫɫͻɫѸٻӿֳӿȵľϵֵ̫֮סźľ񹥻
һˣǺ㲻׷ȥˣΪͷɱ
ʱ
һھҪһ
޵£ֱӾͳͷԣֱӶʩչ޽֮պɱֶΣ
ͱֵĺһֱһԣȻлɵͷ壬ȻͻȻϮҪһ
ոճ֣ѾӦͬʱӦͷǿĺ壡
Щ壬ɶ֪֮ǰɱɳͽǿߣ֪Ϸ١
ʱ򣬰ڵͷǿߣͬʱ˹
ΪǶ֪Ķδ׵Сӿ϶ֵϵĹƣΨһǣ˭ܹõͷ
ͷ壬ʱ˿ĹƣҲȫûô⡣
ȴȫºɫϻľϵ̫֮ȫ¶Ȼ˲佫޽֮յĸЧɭħĶԾ˶û˺ֺ
רעھо塭
ţȴδԤϡ
Ҫ͵Ϯ壬ʵϣĿȴǳͷ壬ͷڣ
忴ˣʵҲȫװģʱһӾͱ¶˳ͬʱҪͷ
֮ǰĹ۲УѾͷĴ·֪ԼͻȻֵĻͷʩչõ·Ͼһ˲ʶж
ԣֵλر
ͷ֮ľ룬ȫͬԶǾ˵ǣͷĹƾȻͬʱٵͷϣ
Ϊ֮ǰͷĹٶȶУҲ͵˽ȥó嶼Ϊ֮𾪵һĻ
ͷ壬ȫڶþ񹥻ֶλս
֣ͷʶҲ˾񹥻ֶΣԸ˵ͷóľǾ񹥻ֶΣԸѰߣһоָܹɵΪɴࡣ
ǣⲻ֪͸һõĻᣡ
꾵
ʱֱʩչ˾꾵һ̣㽫ͷоȫ˻ȥ
ơ
Ҫͬʱɵͷ壬׬ȡķ
Ȼ˻עڳд嶼ڼսУûôͣһƱǳɹȫߣʱֱǰ˭׷
ȻҪȫ׷ҲÿһԼķǲǱȵǲ㹻Լһ·׷ɱȥ
ѶȾͬʱþ꾵ͷͬʱɵˡ
֮ǰ۲ôãȻгɹģֱӾ׼ͷ룬ҶǸԵֶһЩƶϺоҲ͵ˣͷľ񹥻ֶΣͬʱ꾵ȥ
ңѡʱ䣬ͷĵñȽ϶ʱ
ʮ˶Էľ񹥻ֶΣͷ廹ûӦѾھ귽ܵش
ΪҪٶһٻɱʩչֶΣ϶ΪٺݻȽǿģһʮȥ˿ֲٶȺݻȫǸԵϡ
˾ͼ꾵һ԰ɫâ˸ֱӱΧͷ嶼뵽˼ΣС
ʱڷųС׼Ѿõʮħ
ʮħո׼жʱ۳ġ
ͷųÿħΪһ飬ֱͷ巢˹ɭħĴ߶޽֮գԼɱڳѸۣӿĲͷϣ
ͷ屾ͱԼֶθȫˣֱʩչֶΣԾĴݻ˲ﵽ˼£
ƽʱЩƸҪ˺ͷеκһ
ͬոһ׾ٱܽĹƵֵ
ھͲһˡ
ţõʴ¹ʾķĴΣҲʹųͷѾȫɵˣ


1527 
һֶγ׵óѵʱ壬ȫˡ
ȻûκõȻһĶδ׵壬ܹ˲佫ͷ߶δ۷Ĵڸɵˣ
ֶΣǻе嶼ӵУңǱǻе廹ǿǿ壬ǽɫһܹʩչҲͿ϶ˣ϶һЩֶΡ
ҲֶֻΣпܴЧˡ
ڶţǸͷǿԿĻԲǶ֣ոյʩչʲôֶΣҲŪġ
ͷǿ߱ɵ֮ʬֱӾͱʴ¹ˡ
ǵõӦķ
ͷһܹ˶ٰʮ˵ķܷ־ʹﵽİٰʮ֣
㣬Ҫǰ򣬻ҪٷңҲ˵һʮֿӡ
ϾڷֵͬʱûκԥֱӳŵǰˣûȥԲԶϾӣΪԿ϶һȥӵע⣬ֻ·һ
ԣûбҪȥǳЩǿߡ
һʱǰ̾׷պʱԼո۵ʮħֱԭԱ˿
һ˲䣬ֲʾĺ䱬ȫ嶼ڣ
Ϊʴ¹ƣô׾ǿߵԱôЩ¶һ뵽˿ռС
Ȼʵûôǿ
ֵռ̫Ʒˣڣ͸顣
ڳЩ壬ÿһͷȵҪǿϺܶ࣬رͷе壬ֻ˲ͳħԱΧ׷ɱ
ֻϧһжļƻ³ֵ
ԣ׼ˣǻеȻʵǿᣬҲֻܸƨɺͷȻ׷ȴҲ׷
ҲΪʴ¹еԵʣ˵˲ƶֻǰһɵķΧ
ĻôΪǸɵͷҲѲ
ھͲһˡ
ÿ˵ǰٶȣͬģнմԽÿմԽٶȱ켸֣ǰĻûмܹ׷ġ
ȻǰҲŲǿߣҲ׷׽ոյ鿴
Щ߷ɹĻ϶ȺأڣԷŴӸ׷ɱӶΧ룬Χ޴ˡ
µľˣһļͱӦǰķҪһЩıС
ǰУͷеǿߵľվ޷
˵ǣǲǰͿʼϱ۳ˡ
ӳص㵽طڿ۳ܹʮֵķֻʣİʮ֣
Ѿȫˣϣиٷ־Ǻܲˡ
ԣֱӿ۳ʮ֣ͷе嶼̫׷ˣΪһ׷Ļ;ֲ̫ȥɱ÷֣ܿڰ;Ϊľͳȥ
ǻеͣ׷ɱĲ
δɣΪѵĻǰͷڵڰе֣˱¶Ⱥǰһͷ嶼ҪɱõЩ
ܿܣǻе忴ͣˣʵȴȻ׷ɱ
Ͼֶ֪Σһܹ۷ñؼ׷أ
һͣԷ׷ϣǱԷһɱ³ÿʱÿ̶ҪĴ㣬ҪȻĻһСľͻᱻˡ
ʴ¹УΣķģƬ̵İÿʱÿ̶пܳһЩΣա
ϳǰнǰǳʮͷ壬϶עϣЩǰ·Ͽ£
ǶҪܣͱҪͣǰ
·ϵת䣬пܱ׷ϣ൱ڵѾ뵽˱й˵ɲһʲôϢ
ԷҪץסɱȴҲô򵥵顣
ܿ죬ǰһͷ߼ഥֵĳªǰ֮⣬ֱӳ
ͷª壬Ȼ֪˻۳һЩѾ˲ˣΪɱͻõٷֵķпܿ۳ʮʮֿǶöˡ
ͷ壬ͬҲ߶δ۷ĴڣԼܹ赲סżǿġ
ֻϧһﻹǵ͹ֶΡ
ޣ
ڿԷʱֱӾѡ˻ޣȻӶԷӹöԷһʱûܹӦֱΣʱѾԽǼһǰͷ
ͷһʱѭոµϢȥλãֻϧȵݳλõʱԽ֮ĵطˡ
һ׷ͱüˣ˵ֻҪʲô⣬һ׷ˡ
Ȼؿǰв·
һһ˫ֵϸ壬ǲϼһſûͷ­û˫ȣȴڱƬ
ͬһ壬Ϊ塱
ΪϸĻɣ˫ҲǼΪϸ൱ֱ۵ʮôʱ˿̣ǰһϸıŵֱ۱㳯˹Ҫץס
ôܱԷóѣ
һεĻޣҪӶԷƤӵߣ
ԷȻͨõڵλãݶҪʱģȵʱʹһӹǰȥˣһҲ͸ܸ
ͷȻȸոǳªĴô
ֻʧһɲǣ˫ֱ˲ΧռлȻ˲һ磬ҪֱӾ
ϧǣʩչĻޣĻޣֶͨͨΣҲ͵ˣЩܽ޿ռо
ԷΪʩչʲôȽǿֶΣ䱾Ȼڸأȴ벻ֱӻΪޣӰεİӰ֮ųǰǰˡ
ͷªĴ嵹ͨݣյľ٣ȴ׷
Ǵͬ壬Ǵ嵹ǿͨԼϢ֪ͬȥΧֻϧʴ¹Ľ׷ûͬࡣ
λñ¶ˣⴥ˵ҲûκκôȻλø塣
òĶȻҲ˵õģֲֳˣĵˡ
ԭһ𣬵ûκֹܹǰˣ


1528 еǱ
ԽͷªĴ壬ԼϸĲ壬ǰϾûʲô·ˡ
ǰ·ΧǻһЩڴҪס
ȻЩҲȫͽ͵ġ
ΪǸܹƽĻޣ޷̵֪ڣ֪ڵλãҲ޷
ⰵӰֶ֮Σʵսеòö˵ˣ˵Ϊһʽ˽ʴ¹ʸ񣬰֮ǰܶΪһвܹ
Ϊǳ³çʵ϶Ǿ˼ǵġ
ûл޵Ļ治һμʴ¹ΪΣʵ̫ˣôҲԼЦ
ʵϰǰҪȻĻеʱҲûʲôżҪ¡
ϵǰУûһ˿һͣ͡
ûãڵˮϵ̫֮ͿҪˡ
Ȼʵ˲ǰеľû٣ʩչմԽĴȴʵ̫ˣжЩֲס
ҲʱܵԼ֮һνһصϵϵͨһЩͬڽоѵ˵ڶһ
ѣڶأ
һʱЩϲ벻ʱ̣ܹ֮һﵽѵڶصĵزһһһбľѼ
оѵһصʱ򣬱ľѼմԽľ롣
ڵڶصʱѼǿˮϵ̫֮Ļָٶȡ
պýȼü֮ϾǺڵˮϵ̫֮ĸɾ׷ˣĻɾˡ
õǣھѵ˵ڶصĲΣӲ֮еˮϵָ̫֮ٶʮʹʩչմԽĻᵼˮϵ̫֮Ŀݽߡ
ǣнʩչƻǿֶΣпˮϵ̫֮Ļָٶ޷ٶȡ
൱ǵõ˲䣬еĴ£Ѹǰûκͣ
ʱѾ׼ǰһһϾӡ
ϾӣŻаʱ·̣ǰ΢һ㣬ȻܹǸطʱѾͱ˦ںͷˡ
ǰȻǴҲ׷ˣһٶԭһ滹зԭ
ڵķߣȫ޼ɵܡ
ȴǲУκλƶҪķģ׷˷̫Ļǵòʧһӣһ棬ĿԶɥʧ
ڿҪ׷Ŀʵ̫ˣˣȻǺĶ׷ģǲࡣ
˶⣬ʼձŲǰеٶȡ
һطһͺ˿һԭͣҪ΢Ϣһ£ʱѾ൱һξ룬嶼˦˺ͷ
ʱͣΪȫǿⲢҲ²ģϾû˭޵ģԲ˲ơ
⣬ҲһЩǱڵΣա
ոͣãȻ䣬һкȻȻͷеǿߵһ
ȻǻеǿߵķҲ㹻ɵˣ
ͬʱʧӣʶĴ߶ħ壬Ҫһ£ȴǻеǿ߷ֱ۵ĶȻ£ĳ˷飡
еǱߡ
۾дΧռеõһϢȻΧϢȽңǱץסˣӶҲ֪˻еһе֡
еǱߣǻеһ޾似ԴһӰεķǱԵ˽׷һ˽ΧֱӶ䷢
ھ״ǻеǱ߸ɵˡ
Ȼ֮ԻͣǾΪͣǰȫʮħı壬ڻ״̬ǰմԽˡ
ǻеǱ߸ոճ֣Ͱһħ״򱬣Ϊ֮̾ǵطĻħ³³ˣκ
ǿߣȫֻ·һڣȻЩǿ濹ġ
ħǻеǱ֮ȷԼźܶǱΣյģʶ֪ǿһܹϾЩǿߵֶʵ̫Щ
ֹͣ
Ȼڿ϶һͷеǱǿ϶׷ˣɲܿ϶лû׷ɱԼֻߣеǱ߻ֹһͷ
ȻǻеҲܿʶԼĻеǱֻɱһħ޺ȻǻеǱ˻ȥ
˶⣬ʱ˱͵Ϯ׼ٶǰС
ʱ֮ڵϾӸ
ڣҷκһ˿ĽŲֻܷųһ;۳ħȻħȥϾŪ֣Ȼеı뵽Сڡ
ʼճǰģֻħıȫյС
֪ڲ嶼ѾݳԼ׼ȷλã˵ʵֶܹ׷ҲǾԲġ
׼ȷĹ۲ֶκͶ˾嶼ǳ׶ԼʧȥȤΪ϶׷Լ
ֻͷ壬ȻʱʱýעеԼ߷
ȻעߵЩ壬ûиܵԼϢģԣݲλãοҲûвԼ
ҪôûԼҪôǶԷ̫֮ǿо
ô˵صķһֱǼΪεģȡӵʱж͵ϮҲܹ췴Ӧ֤ԼĴ
һӵ֣
ǰУħȡϾֱ֮ӾͱѡԱȻУħֱӷ飬Ҳһĵ
ú󷽼ԶЩ忴ŶľСӣȻ֮
ǰ
ʱΪǰĵķѾﵽһʮ֡
һܹĿ϶Ѿˡ
Ȼ˵ƻеǱĿֶڶһ㶼ɣǰţǰֽժȡһһӡ
ڼ̫࣬Ϸõҩָ·õڶöʱЧ룬Ҳûа취
ڵûʱͣԱȻ
ֻʱ䣬пħ֮ɲǼ䳹׷顣
ãʮöĵҩǻָЧϼ룬Ҽֵڴ
ǰһڶģķв²һ£Ȼ˿


1529 
Ϊ˽ʡģ뾡ܵħ
ʹţȥϾӣĻܹٵĵӣܹõõĶ
ڶģķԽԽŪϾӣһӣڼӶûüֱӼ·ˣΪʲôڲ׷ԼûɱԼ
ĵǲޣܸܿΣ
ϾӣһӣһٰʮֵķûˣǺڶģķ֮ʱϷҲֻʣ㡣
һ£һʼȷҪٷֲܹͨУٷֵˣǰ
ԣҪɱͷ壬пǰ򣬲ֻɱͷĻһӶܹȡҪȻͻΪĿ۳߲
ɴ˿ɼҪǰѶж
²⣬ںݺ¸Ů²̫ãеʵ൱ͷɵɳ㣬ֻܹӱѰһЩӡ
Ҫǰ򣬶ûʲôܵˡ
Ҳֻڱʵǿпܻɱͷϵ壬ҵõһӣҪǰҲĿܻ꣬
ڵˡ
еĺڶģķУȻһڹ⽫Ƭˡ
ӽʼߣܹʱ䣬ʱ˵Ƿǳ̵ģ˵Ҫ̵ö࣬Ϊʱ޿̲ٶǰ
ҲΪнУһˣ
УнɫĳǿڣǿߣҲô׵ľǰ򣬿϶ҪڽжɱһЩ֣׬ȡŻǰ
պÿŷĵ򣬾ΪԽһٷ֣Ҳ޷ٵı䡣
ɫǿߣȻҪ֤ԼܹõܶķǰڵгٷֵĻջġ
Ҫ֪˵ĶǼǿĴڣҪɱԷ÷ס
֮£ڽ׬ȡġ
ͲһˣҪڽĻֻ·һ
ڶģĴ֮ͳһյİɫռУռ䲻󣬲ȴ㹻ŨĴ֮Ϊϲ
Ӧǵ׼ռ䣬Ҫȵȫӽʧ˲ŻῪ
ʼͬǣʼһʱὫǿдͳȥǲᡣ
ԣľ忪ʱ䣬ǲ֪ģϾÿеһ˵еڽеؽ䣬ܾúܾöǻпܺһµʱ䡣
׼У˿׼ǵ˺ǲܽģԾܶմ֮С磬ҽǽеõӸ

뿪Ǹ֮
ǺڶģĴͷ֮ǰһ̶ʱ˳̾Ȼһֱһ
һֱһɵûиκλᡣ
ʱ̳֮ͷı壬ֱѡתڴһֶΣλѸǰ
ȻǰǺڶͷ󡭡
ϧǣ̫ˡ
䱾ֱӴ͵ڴʱ廹δг֣ʴ¹һλ֮ǰλõľ룬Ȼֱӽȫ۹ˣ
ˣ³ȻǱͳȥ
䱾嶼ûܹǺڶͷ󣬾Ѿͳʴ¹ʴ¹УȻ嶼ֵֶֹΣҪսʴ¹Ĺ򣬼©Ǹܵ顣

ڵ׼ռУʼĸӡ
УһӣȽ򿪣ȻǰӣеĶҲ϶ȳʼеϾҪõöࡣ
֪лῪһЩʲôȻжѵһı
Űӱ򿪣һɫâҫ
ȻǴ֮ö쾧һƷĴ֮
ǰһⱦоķöһƷ쾧һƷ֮ҫɫâıһĶ֮
ö֮ÿһöֵһϵսŹѫЩ֮У̺Ũˮϵ̫֮֮е֮߶ˮϵ̫֮Ҳ
ûмö֮Ϊڸ̤ĶδײãûҪôż磬ħ֮طѾ˵ھ۷壬ʱûʲôطҪĴ֮ġ
ţ㿪ʼһϾӡ
ϾУһ֮ǰһת̣תϵĶȴȵҪõöˣҪĵķҲٵöࡣ
ΪԽһٵ
תϵĶ붼һöƷ֮̺Ĵ֮쾧һƷ֮Ķʮ֮࣡
֮ǰǸתϣֵĳƷ֮ҪʮֲܹһõڣǰתҪõöƷ֮ֻҪʮ־ܹһ
൱ڣҪɱһӶᵽķȻڽеõ̵ĸˡ
һѡ
棬ѡκηתֻ̣ҪǳϵѡһʵõͿòˡ
ϣͬصھص
˵ǱȽõģҪѡطĻҪʮ˵ǱȽܵģϾܹһ
ܲķת̣õģĶҲĶʮԴƷ
ǵõѵԴƷҲǲˡ
ûԥֱӿʼת̣ͷܹʮѡĸĶʮĶʮĶʮĶһİʮ㣬һһٵ㡣
һٵĶֵȻߵģһ似˵ã˵ȴûʲôˣɱûʱȥ򣬸˵һ似ˡ
Ȼתת似Ļ϶ǻģϾⶫֵߣԼҲܹǺܴ
ʮĶ̺ʾĵĶܹͨеЩʾģǶ˵õġ
Ըоһ͸ƿУװŵŨʾռģܹĻضԿռˮϵ̫֮򽫻ܶ࣬սҲиѡ
İʮѡһԴƷһöɫСҲ֪ʲôá
ûоᣬֱӿʼתת̣תʲôԿ϶


1530 ɫС
תָ֣ͣõĶöɫС似֮ͬеһǲ֪ջʲôطͣ
Ҳû⣬̿ʼת֮ʲôطͣȫȫǿģֻҪȥžͺá
пֵܳ˵ǺܲģһֵּͣͬȻȽϾѾõǰصǵõⶫĻ̫
תͣԼõĶȻȷˡ
ȻԴƷ
һŴöɫСһöǰһ̵ĽɫСûнȻɫС֮Ǹյġ
Ͼɲ岿ҪõöɫСһǿ綯õġ
ôɫСУܲɫСʲôɢ
ڣԽԼ뵽ɫСУȻͷɫСоȻ̺żΪŨȫĻԳֽ׶εУ
ϾһǿĶеʶ֮ȻѱĨȥ
Դеǿ˵ĴҲʲôڵĴǰһԣʴ¹УȻôԴƷ
ڳʼУõĶԴƷ
˽УõľͶԴƷˣÿһԴƷ̺ԶԶײεߵ
ڣôɫСȥԱܹ۵ˣ
Ȼ۵ڴħ֮ģܵҲܹԼٶȻָҲ֤ɫСˣ
ԴƷҪþͱԼշ
ʴ¹֮ǰѧԺ񸡻˵һЩ飬ԴƷеһ
Ͼʴ¹еණ֮ǰδģбҪרһ¡
ó
շԴƷḶ́ӣҲûʲôѶȣϾʴ¹еԴƷѾĨȥ˱ʶġ
ǸոոɵһͷոµԴƷôлдʶΪҪΪܡ
ȻܹɫСշܹõҲࡣ
Ķδ׵Ϊ£շɫСžֻܹʮ֮һֱ߶δ׵Ĳβпܶе
ӵԴƷ£߶δ׵ȫȥսѰǿˡ
⻹ֻʴ¹еĶҵõⶫ֮󣬻ҪܹŴȥܹá
ͷ֣֮ǰڶԸͻʱλצģƺӵһԴƷҲ֪ǴĶġ
ͦĿܣԴƷǴʴ¹еõģΪԴƷѰ󶼲ܵΨо۷ڣױݻ֮п
壬ڸ壬۷ҪõԴƷҲֻʴ¹;пˡ
Ȼʴ¹֮⣬;ȻҲа취ģֻ粻֪Щѡ
ܿ죬뵽öɫСУͷԼѾܹеʮ֮һ̺ŵǾĽϵ̫֮ȴֻܶö޷Щϧ
ҪȻĻҪ̫أֻҪЯöɫСͿʱϵ̫֮ˡ
ȻֻܹãҲǼ˲ĳɾˡ
ԴƷݹ֮УûжӵУͺݺֻܵõһЩԴƷѾرϡٺͺˡ
ԴƷԴƷʵ̫ˡ
ԴƷܹ߱շ߶еԴƷ붼ֻӵԶĹܣ൱һһĴڡ
ɫСĻҲ޷߶еĽϵֻ̫֮Լ
Ⳣһ£ԼҪǴ߶ɫСʮ֮һԵзƵĻƻǿᣬսƵӵһʮ㼫µĿսȭ
ΪսȭĹΧȽϹһȭзƽͱȽ
ɫСǳֳһģ䴩͸ΪǿᣬĹƣΪ磬ȫԽ߶ΣȻԼŻľ
ʱԼԱȻһ£Ա´սпٴηȫЧĻָҩ
ܵõɫС˵ҲǲһеƣЩʱ˵ܹһͻΧܹЧ
磬ոڽöɫСĻȫԽǰͷªĴԼϸĲһɵ
ͻȻĻԷԵֵסΪɫСĹʵ̫ǿ̫ѸˣǿĻеǰǿĻܷӦù

⣬ȻʼҪɫСģõ֮ȴǼ⡣
Ϊķֶͬȫ޵еģ߶δ׵ǿߣҲûô׻ħͿսϡ
ֶθǳһأεĴڣҪȻҲʲôط
ڣĹֶҲõ˼ԭõȿսƵӵһʮ㣬Ȼȡܾ˵Ĵ򷨲ܹԸһЩ߶δ׵Ĵڡ
ڹöɫС㹻ԸĶˡ
٣ܹΪʡʱ䡣
ԭҪСʱܽĶֻ֣Ҫʱ䣬һܹɵˡ
ôɫС֮۳ԼһħȻԼħսһ£ԼһģһħܲסɫСһ
ڣֻܹɫСʮ֮һˡ
ȻΪֱӴ͸ħħ֮ģֱӻҲԼԴƷǿˡ
ϧɫСԼʶ޷ͨס˵񱻸ŵĻⶫ޷ԶӦ
˵ʹɫСԼʶĻ͸ܽշˡ
ɫСԴƷ÷֮ûиȡΪûʲôҪ
ͿʼȥϾˡ
һϾУһö˿۵ĻɫʯͷǻɫʯͷͷһЩŹֵ·
Щ·ӾĿռеõЩط·Щƣƺ̺һЩǿһЩɻ
û˵й·Ķ֮ǰѧԺ񸡻û˵ණ
ԣɫʯͷ˲СȤ


1531 ͼ
ʼоɫʯͷ
ӡŵĹŹ·ƺѾӡԺЩͼƲ̺࣬ĳɫʯͷЩ·Щ⡣
֮ǰѾԺӡ˾֮һپʮ˸ͼƣħ֮ĵһʮͼƣʮͼơ
ԼܹܹӡԺеͼƴٸңٶĻ֮ǰӡµͼƾͻᱻ
Ȼɫʯͷϵ·ЩͼЩƣôûôԥֱӾͶԽӡԼԺС
̣ܳʱ䡣
һϾӶûȥ
׼ʱ䲻٣Ҽ㿪˵ҲһҪ̳ȥϾͬ
ڽһȣֶȥһϾӣڵУȴǸˡ
һû֪һʴ¹ĵʲôһ棬ܹĶǿеǿߣĲ˵ͱѰǿöࡣ
ܶǿߣ޽ӽεĳǿߡ
Щǿߣ˵ܹ޵Ĵڣ
Źȥʱ䣬ڽǻɫʯͷϵ·ӡ֮һԺС
ʱԼƺĳֱ仯ֱ仯رԣҲǲʲôı仯Ŀµõȫӡʯͷϵ·С
͸򣬶ʮʱȥ֮ǻɫʯͷϵ·ĿӡԺУ
ʱɫʯͷϵ·ʲôЧͬʱǻɫʯͷֱӾл촷ۣȻʯͷֻһԵĶֻ˽·ӡһξͻ
ɫʯͷϵ·ȫӡԺ֣֮һ·ռԼ൱һٸطͼƵλá
Ҳ˵Ѿӡʮͼƣ൱Ѿӡİʮֻʣ´ԼʮĿӡλá
ǲԺеλòãֻʣħ֮ĵʮͼûпӡȫӡĻƺλøպùõġ
ڣӻɫʯͷпӡ·˵һͼơ
ͼƣƺǶطǿġ
·߱еǿ
ڵ֮ǰսû٣ٶȷȴõ˼رǶԸԼ
Լһ£֪Լٱ֮ǰ屶ࡣ
Ҳ˵ԭҪһʱȥֻҪʱܹȫˣٶȺЧʸǰȻͬһġ
츳Ͳϲ൱ߣ屶оԺκˮɵˡ
Щϧɫʯͷе·֮ǰ͵õģҪȻĻĵͨƿֻҪ֮ǰ֮һô㣬ʡһʡ
ɫʯͷĶҲֻʴ¹вܹõˣط
ڣ֪ͼƺ·Щô£ǵβпܴģ֮Уûκ˽
˵ɲǸϢ
Ϊǰ·ʼأ·ûָĻܻܿһЩ·໨Щʱ䵹ҲνµľĳЩ޷صĺ
ڣȴǲܵõʲô˵ָġ
Уǿ֪ĶһĶ࣬ҪȻĻ񸡻϶·ͼЩ߸μʴ¹ǡ
õɫʯͷҿӡе·Ժ·żİ
ʱ˵ȴ޷̫ս
Ҳˣս˵ǴﵽĶδ׵ļˣǼ磬ҪȻۺսٵõʲô
͸Щ߶δ۷Ĵһ
̤ҪȻǵʵǲ̫ġ
Ȼǽɫ֮䣬ǰǰʮֻǰʮʵ˫ս඼Ǻܴ󣬶սĻ˭ʤ˭ÿʱ˫״̬ԼΧȵȡ
ʱ˺ȱһɡ
ֻ˵ɫʤ΢ôһ㣬Ͼǿ壬ֶαһЩӦĻӸһЩ
ڵнɫС޾Ʒ似޽֮պͿս壬ͬ׶ζ޵еĴˡ
УҪõЩսֶεĴڣҲǴﵽ߶δײǸʸ񣬱ϾԴޣ϶װǿĳԱϲܹӳǿս
ƾԼʵʴ¹еõЩѵãȻһشԭǣСдŹ壬лղϹʱڵЩ޾似
۵ĴУֻ˵ܹﵽڳ̶ȵһ̤壬⿿۵Ļ޷ɾڵ
·ӡԺеʱѾ׼ʮˡ
ʣһϾûп
ǰϾӣһ˽ɫСһ˻ɫʯͷ˵ܹıĶɼеϾǺε
ֲãĵķҪɱһͷ壬ܹõ
Ͼӣ൱ɱ൱ţЩߵ·Զֽ׶εۺʵҪǿ
ǰϾ֮һҲǼڴġ
ӴдһϵϢϾװŵľȻʲôһһֽ׶Ҫǿ࣡
Ͼ֮Уӿȶ뵽ڡ
Щ˺ǰûнӴ
ѵǡ
بżģ
ðôһ뷨
ڽʴ¹֮ǰ񸡻˵ʾ֮ϵĴڣǾبżġ
˵ʾǴ̫֮һζɱɵģôبżıǴ̫֮ʼζǳŸǿķ
Щ̫иıԴӡġبżģ鴴ĵ
ԶŴ˵У̫֮Ϊһʾǵڶ֮ϵبżģبż֮⣬벻ǰԼϾӸܵʲôˡ
У̫֮ǻ
ʧܵľǱԴģΪϵЩ֮Դȴ塢ڶ
ɹģʾģӳɹľبżģֻǲܹõ
뵽ЩѶϢʱѵԼĵõĳبżģ
ˣɾ׬ˣ


1532 
ȷبżܿ͸ܵˡ
ΪһУܵһڽϵ̫֮ɽϵ̫֮ɱġ
ڶԽϵ̫֮ɣԶϢǱȽеġ
˵ʾġɭħĺģֵڶ֮УŽϵ̫֮ʮ֮һӰӵĻôبżĵУֻʣ½ϵ̫֮ٷ֮һӰӣ
بżģȫѾɱһּǿ
ֻеʮ֮һҲԱȵȫʾġ
ο򿪵ϾУڳϹبżģ̬ȥܹبżģǳʮ֮һġ
Ҳ˵˵بżĽΪµսֶΣ
ȻһлõϾеȫ䵽ڲС
ȻеûȫգΪ츳Ǻ㹻޷بżģ츳Ҳ©̫ࡣ
һɡ
ɡ
ÿȥһ죬بżĵͻһɣḶ́Ȼһֱʱ䡣
ȫϢͬһԶŵ⣬˷·ӼңԶʱ߳Ͷ֮䣬̺ĳϹϡ
بżģΨεǿߣܹ
Ȼ˵߼ڶ˵ڵЩ˵بżģѾ۷ˡ
ûκܹƥС
۳һħħԼս
嶯بżģֱӴ߶Ϣȥƻͱ֮ǰþĵʱǿ߱ҪǣһЧ
һ־ϵЧŨԶϢܹȫ壬һʱ޷
بżģܹܵԼڱϴƺȵϣǿȶܹǿ߱ôࡣ
بģȻ
̲סп
ֻϧûץסᣬȫبģֻ߳ɣҲѾ㹻ˡ
һۺսȻһһ̨ס
вμʴ¹ôǿ嵱УӦǲͬبĵģΪʴ¹Ź涨ֻҪǽʴ¹ģһξͲܹˡ
ЩڽУõõبĵûеȥգǽӴȥȥˡ
ֿԲ󣬵пܵġ
ȻҲȥǿ鷳ЩǿЩȽϺ۸˵ǱȽϺ÷ֱġ
ҵ˵УͲȥ뷨ˡ
Ϊܹǿߣÿһ۷е۷壬սܱһССĶδ׸ɵ
ʲôǧѷĺûᣬŻ֣ҪȻĻԲðա
ʱ߳ɵبżģ͵֪بżĵԭģһ־Ч
߶޽֮գǵձľܹһ߶δ۷εˣ
ǣԷ⾫ֶε壬ҪȻĻһбöʧȥ󲿷ս
ָ磬ʴ¹Уκ˶ţܹȥĵģ϶õ˽Ͼӣ˭֪ǿǷʲôǿֶΡ
ڵȻƣҲ̫ȥˡ
˵ڵиϢ
̤Ķδ׵ľ磬Ѿȥ˽ʱ䣬оԼΪѾ̵òˣʱĻõ˿˷ѡ
˵ȻĹؼ
ĻʵսԶ׼һڣʵһȥˡ
Ԥʴ¹ƽ뿪Ļ嵱нüûе֡
ʴ¹ûõʲôöĻҲܿᱻԽ
Ҫ߶δ׵ľ磬ֻʱ⣬Ҫꡣ
ʱ֮£ͲκĶ֣
ȡ֮ǰпö֮ö쾧һƷĴ֮˵ֻҪеһöĶδδ׵ĳ̶ȡ
ֻȡеһö֮ȻʼеĴ֮ԼС置
С置޾Ĵ֮ӿ£ſӷԲ߰￪ʼŷԲ˰ſȥ
ͬʱ̺֮Ũˮϵ̫֮մ֮ͬʱˮϵ̫֮ҲڲĹ̵Уԭû˿ˮϵ̫֮
ʱ䣬֮е֮ˮϵ̫֮Ѿﵽһɡ
Ȼֻһɣֻһö֮Чֻʱ䣡
Ҫ֪Щ񣬶ûн̫֮ȫġ
˵̫֮ЩʾġبżĸѣΪ̫֮ǻ֮Դһ̶ϴıԴ
ȫ̫ܹ֮ʸȥ֮ġ
ڣʾġġɭħģبżģĳ̶ȶ൱ߣΪֻҪЩҪЩ
ʹú⣬ǲһ
̫֮ܶ඼ֱõģġ
ΪˣĽϵ̫֮ҲŲٷ֮ʮҪȫٻõ̫ȥܳһʱ䣬ھǶͲˣǰҲûȥ̫أ֪ǵطЧء
һɵˮϵ̫֮磬ҲڴĶδδףֱ֮ࡣ
սبżģԴƷɫСȻһЩǰʮĴڣҲһƴ֮ȻҪɱԷѣԷҲɱ
򣬾Ȼûд򿪣ˡ
ţҲֻܹȴȥռ䶼Ƿյģڽдڶ֮ǰ׼ռǲ򿪵ġ
Ѿȥ˳һµʱ䡣
еľȻûɣɼ֮ǰͨصö죬ϾУǽɫĴڣҪɱ嶼ô׵顣
ÿʴ¹Ĳ߶ԼıοϽɫļһ˭ûмַأ
˵һɫʱ򣬾ͻвýֱѡ˳ΪǺȥĻֻװû˿õôĻᣡ
ĶԱ֮£ٶҲȫֳˡ
˭ڽտʼãֱɱͷ壬ȻѸײڶ֮ƣֱս֮׼ռУ
׼ռ䣬ȫǸ˿ռ䣬ͨ˽ģÿһ߶ᱻ䵽һ׼ռ䣬ҲǺȻ顣
ĵȴţûĶֻڲϤԼոջõЩµ
ֹ֮һǰ


1533 
ˣ˵ʴ¹ĵʽˡ
Ⲣͨͳȥ
΢ȴʱȻŻޣ̤Ŵϰɫâ˸˾ʹ׼ռʧˣʽǰ˵
ڴ͵ĹУһͼһͼԺС
ʴ¹ǰʱı׼һͼԺУʱ˿̣ͼͼǳֳһεľͿռ䡣
еߣεľͿռᡢ
ǿռ֮УʲôûеģǴɫĻϣÿһ໥Ұǰʱվ̭һ
Ҳ˵ʴ¹ĵһ̭
ֻвһǧߣܹȫڽʱɱ˳ˡ
һֱĻͨϵֻ̭һܹ뵽ʴ¹ĵ
˻δ
ԣԽûʲôȤڵеõ౦ġ
ڽϾУܹõɫСȵ֮Ķ˵ˣֻȻṊ̀򣬾͸ȥж˺ܴѶȡ
Ϊֻлɱһ֣ŻῪͨͨһһϿռλá
ԽǿıУװŵĶԽã
ֻѡõһ佱ȻֱӷĻеĶܻ֮ǰϾء
ΪᣬҪԼһıȽǿԼѡԷӲգ
ˣȿһֵʱ˵ɡ
ڶʵǱȽŵģϾڽеõ˲ϾӣǽɫСبżģǿս
ҪǶֲôǿĻƴһƴҲ޲ɡ
ڴ͹̵У˺üǼн˵ǿߵͶӰ֪ˣж
УĲһǧƽÿ嶼Աܹ
ߣ㲻ƽˮƽ
ɹ˵򣬳֮⣬ѧԺϵ죬˪磬Ѿĸˡ֮⣬ʶ˱ɡ
ԭУɵʵǿһȴ˵ȻЩֶΣһ
ȻҲ֮ʴ¹ʱδ׵СӣȻܹ򣬲δˣ
ڵʼʱ嶼õԼͬһЩѶϢҲ⡣
֪ߣͬҲ֪Ҳ˵Ϊο
ʱЩϧˣݺ¸ŮȻûܹ򣬲ҲԤ֮УŮʵվЩؼṳ̂߶δףǾͱȻ˲١
ϣŮûʲôźá
ԺЩͼȫֻһʴ¹򽫵
֪Լʱûʲôãʽ֮󣬽ᱻ䵽һͨһǰнڼһ䣬佫ĵеķֻʣһ㡣
ȥǰͻһ֣ǶͬҲֻʣһ˭սлʤ˭ӵмȥʸ񣬶ʱͳһп޵Ķˡ
ΪҪȥ벻ϻ֣ܶ˵ɲǸõĹܹˮˣЩǿǶԿĻʤ㻹治ô
ô˵߿ɣʴ¹ʾҲˣڵУ´򲻹Ҳǿѡ˳ģ˳ӳʮʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ֻҪսѡ˳ôʮʱ֮㽫ᱻʴ¹͵ȥ̭ͬʱס
ΣգԼʮʱ䲻ܹõġ
ܿ죬ͳһΧǰɫĻɵͨУһͷֻܼͨ룬һӣȻһˣŵƷֵ൱ϸİӡ
Ҳ˵Ҫ½һΡ
һڻܵһ֮õĵڶӿʼÿһӾͶǰӡ
İӣжֵϸϾӣ˵ģ
֮Ͳˣ֪ЩҲʴ¹͵ʱֱתﵽԺģÿһʴ¹еĹ򶼲һ
ÿһĳ͹Ҳһûǰ˵ľѭ
Ҳֻлֵı࣬ÿһʴ¹ǲģһ鱨˵׼ñȽϳġ
˵Щ߶δ۷ĴڣҪ̤񾳽С
Ҫûôء
ѸǰܿǸӱϣ˿ʴ¹ĵǺӣеĶҲɴ
ֳ֮ö쾧һƷĴ֮Ĵ֮ʴ¹ƺǳ磬ȴǼֵһսŹѫ򲻵Ϊⶫ٣߲Լˡ
֮ǰö֮һö쾧һƷĴ֮ˣѾ㹻һ·߶δˡ
˿
ȻڵֶΣҪõһЩ֮ѾܼˣҪѲʱģҪѧԺʲôǱȽϻʱ顣
ֱӵõô쾧һƷĴ֮ǽʡԺܶʱ䡣
쾧һƷĴ֮ڶ˵ûʲôȥԵıĳǿߣţܹ˵в̭ˣľӢеľӢ
֪Լһʲô塣
պ˴֮󣬱ǰнͬʱֱӻޡ
ʴ¹вδ涨ôԣΪ˱ȻҡڵֱǰǸ߶Էˣɱң
ǰ˺ܳһξ룬ֱһСʱȴطûдһͷǿߡ
СǷŵģûͨطͨɼսطˡ
Ѿ𣿸һˡ
ע⵽ԼС֮Լͨ㱻׹رСù⻬ƽûκ覴á
˵طͨģҲ˵һͷҲѾŻһͨ͹ر
˫ͬһ˵ÿһ˶һģȫǵһλģϾ޷֪ԼԵʲôĶ֡


1534 
Ż޵״̬С
ǵһ̭򣬴ֱͨ˴໥ɱʤǰ˳ܼ֮ܶǰֻһ
ͨر֮󣬶Է϶ҲѾ֪С
˫ĵһԿ˫ֶεıƴ棬ûܹᲢۣһβμʴ¹ЩǿߣҲһܹȵ
˵൱ӵȻơ
޵״̬£޷ݣȴܹʶ֪Ȼ޷߶ƿأֻҪ׽һ˿һĶֵĶԷͻῪʼơ
޵״̬²СжĴƮʶ֪ϲΧĶ
ֻҪԷĻֶΣôͰٷ֮ٻ¶ʱûԺҲһУһһ¶
ΪӰ֮˰Ӱ޸Ͳжģȫһֱϵı״̬ȥ
ԣ˫֣ҲżˣȶԷȱ¶
ȻֻҪһ¶ˣôһܾܿͻжڰеһվռ
ڣ˫֪ԼĶʲô壬ӵʲôΪҲ֪ԷĸֶΣȱ¶ģĻĺǿҲױ뵽취ԡ
Էֻ֪δ׵Ļ»ѡְɣ
Ͼսδ׵廹治öԷôܹģһ߶δ۷Ĵڣ
ϧǶԷ֪
˵ҲǶ໨ʱˣʱӺʱֺܿʱˣⷽԷܿܺܿͻ¶һЩ
ϻСʶ֪Χɢȥ𽥣յƬռһ˿˿쳣
ȻռһƬޣʲôûУȴǸܵһطΧɢһϢǵطûжġ
δ
ǽ֮ǰ۳ħ˳ħֱӳɢϢĵطʩչһ޽֮գ
Ĵ߶޽֮գ˲䱬һֱۺȻץɢϢĵطǰģȴֻһöģĶ
ն
ԷǳԹ趨һƺصնʵȴǹֵġ
һնôƱػ¶ôֱܹû͵Ϯ
˸ۣħк
ħոճ֣һǸģն㳹ױըһֲĻ֮ΧϮħֱڡ
ͬʱһŻСӰѸٸֳ
ӰֻһСŴԼʮ֧津֣ҺԴһ֮УȻģ
ģ嵤Ķһ˵ڶֻһĵġ
ǰ津壬ȴģԵǳر
֪Ǻû壬϶Ǻеߣһ֡Щ津ֱɻ۶ɡ
壬ƺ津Խ࣬ʵԽǿ
Ȼ߶δ׵Ϊ津֮Уһƺ̫ǿĴڣΪǵ֮ǰ䳲֮սʱһƵĻ津壬ӵжʮ֧津֡
ԣʮ֧津ֵ࣬Ӧò̫ǿģҲܴ⡣
һһֱ֣ӳٻħ˼ǿĹƣħʩչħ壬ԼսҲ۳ʼһζķ
ͬʱڻ޵״̬£صǻ津
津ϰһһĻ棬ЩǷϣȻڹʱҲûзɶԼķɼ侯ԻǺǿġ
ҪЩϵĻоԼһ־ܹ䱩ɱˡ
ʱûб¶ȵԷԼ¶ʱٶ֣ȡܹһɱ
ħŶԷǿĹΧЩȫʾܹÿһǿڣһʾҪȻĻô߶δ۷ǿߵӱ
Ҫͨ򣬻϶Ҫɱ֣ܹõ㹻ķ
ԣǰһԲô׾ܹɵġ
ڣʱ̽СűԷɱܵԷʾħ֮Ķӵмǿ汻ԷһУܿĻᶼûС
Ҫ׼ȷжϣ²С
ħȫȴ޷ֵԷĹƣսɱԷƣȻħ嶼Ѿܵ˼ҵȣİħʼ
ڵħͷ·һµ¯УܹôʱѾ൱ˡ
Ҳʹţı壬Ҳܼôʱˡ
ʱҲڲ²ŶԷ
Լ߶δ۷徳磬ճһδ׵Сӣ϶Ļǻܽ䱸Ϊô׾ܽԷɵĻԷƾʲô
ԣǰδ׵СӣֻܿǸٻҪôǸ֮ĶԺܴ
Էпֵܶʱ϶ԼɵʱҲ˵ǰ׸ɵʱ򣬶Էпܻᶯ֣
²ŶԷ뷨ŵĶԷп¶ʱҲпǶԷΪ䱸ʱ
Σ붯֣
ǰ津壬㲻̫ǿģĻӦò̫ڽеõϾӣΪҪرķ
˵ϵبżģԼɫСԴƷǳԽ˶ԷĴڡ
ֱӶֵĻǺпܽԷѹȥġ
ϸ۲ųΧеȻһħȻ׼ãҪԶԷ͵Ϯ
ŵһħԷ߸ʱ֮ڸɵħħ֮Ķͬʱڶħڷ͵Ϯ
ĵһ²⣬ǶԷûʶǵһħֻǷôӦΪɵʱ
ڶħƣõֱӾبżģ޽֮գ
һبžԶϢȻ۳һ͸ֱֱƿץͷ津֮У
ǿ
״̬µ̲סԸп벻߶޽֮գȻܹ˿µЧ͸ĻɫֱɲǱƿ˿ռ䣬ǻ津嵱Уҽǻ津һĳ׻顣
壬һϾѾɵˡ
Ȼ津ȴӵģսûн


1535 ö
ǻ津ڵĵһģħֱĴ߶޽֮գʱ򣬸״ݻٵˡ
ǻ津˵ֻܵһ㴴ˣܹ춨ʤ֡
ڣ津ģܹ໥òЧֶΣȫûмģĸܵԷǱݻٵģȻĵİ£𽥻ָ
ͬħ֮һ١
ʹܸʱˡ
޽֮գ
ֶٴγ֣ħ϶ǻ津巢ƣǻ津ȴѾ׼ڱˡ
بżģҲ޷ͻƶԷ۳ĵķϡ
ŶԷݻٵ𽥸ԭһʮ֧津ϸֳ棬ħϮһ͵Ļħûڡ
żֶ֣ΪһζǶ£ԶԶûеؼʱ̡
ֻҪԼı岻֣Ǿȫܹڲ֮أؼҪ֮ǰֽҪȻĻ¿ǡ
ħֵʩչֶΣûʩչսơ
ΪһħʼӿսƣıҲῪʼӿսƣĻȻᱻԷܵϢӶ֪ıʲôط
Ȼǻ津»֪ԵЩȫֻħˡ
޾Ļ֮£ħֵס
ᡣ
һΣԷ˾ڶΣԷ뵽͵ϮǶõı壬Ȼ÷֣
ûеħ׵ֵסȻǻ津ı׼յĹơ
ԷڽǱƻĻָɣȻյĻ籩ħϣԸܵħʱ˿ܵ˸쳣״̬š
գȼմ𽥵ܹʩչķҲԽԽ
ħֱѡ˳׼ܵӡ
һܹǻ津ţ塣
ͬʱɱѾȫ׼ϡ
ǻ津峯ħ׷ɱȥʱһ±ͷħһγԣǻ津Ϯȥ
ħһʹ߶Ѫʥͼ޾ƷսħҲܹӳǿ
Ѫͼ
һ³ͽǻ津С
һħǳûʩչ˰Ӱۣ֮ⰵӰ֮۵ͨʩչȫһģһЧ˰Ӱܹܵе
ⰵӰ֮ʩչ˲ܹ֪ƬռڣǷ񻹴вԼҪעģڱ֤Լ԰ȫ֮ǰıԲ׳֡
Ȼһħֱ֣ʩչ˾֮򣬽ǻ津ͷٶȶɡ
ʱڷյһ
ɫСԴƷУȻһɫ߶貽ת˲ƿգޱȵǻ津ϣ
ǻ津û뵽Ȼܹ˲䱬ôǿ
ôħĳ֣ѾоЩˣⱾֵһȴһжܵƵʱֳԴƷǽɫֱӽһĳ״ݻ٣
ţɫ⼲׼ıǶԷġ
ʱǻ津ѾӦ˹æҪֵܣϧǣΧЩħѵǷſģ
ûκԥĸħͬʱŻ津ʩչ޽֮գĵ˲ɢȫֲѹ֮£ǻ津㱻˿ֲĹƸС
ԴƷĽɫ⣬޽֮յıǻ津ģ޿ɱıȫݻ١
Էܵ˲Ͽʼ˸ɫâҰɫâϼ
֪ǶԷѡ˳Ҫʮ֮޷ɱԷĻԷͻᱻʴ¹˳ȥ
ĻѶԷɱǻвĵط
ΪһöѵĻʤȻܹǰȴ޷õ佱˵һܴʧ
ڣôöԷѣ
Ȼʣ޼ĹˣԷĶݻ٣һ޷ãͨ޷ʩչ
ڣǻ津սѰؾ߶ģǺľҲܹ׽ɱ
ᣡ
ĹˣԼˣз˳ˮϵ̫֮ڶԷۣھ֮ĲЧ£ԷӳķΧ
ʱڱ
津ӰǰʧҲõʾܹǰǰһ
˿
ȻⳡսʤˣȴҲѾĵȫԷټֵþһĻ߾ͻɡ
ڣΪάôħսָҩˣսȥпߡ
ڣɫСɱûʧһѶԷĸˣȻôħҲģһһ޽֮գ㲻ɱͷ壬ҲܹסԷʩչ
ȷԼʤ֮˿ȻѡԱ塣
Ϊù˻ָҩһηõĻָЧ룬Ҫս൱Ա֮ٷþܹõȫЧĻָЧ
Сοռ룬һϾӣȻǰҲһͨǳǰġ
ûż
ԱһȻǸϾӡ
ϾӣеĶȻҪȽĻҪãڶЩ١
ʴ¹УǴôıܹ˴ȥȴ࣬Ϊ൱һֵߣڵõ˱֮󣬻ǻʴ¹УĻ֮ǰõıͻᱻʴ¹ա
ϣһԴƷĻҵսͻøǿս֮ʱѡҲ࡭
ţȻϾӴ
ȻͷеĶԴƷö˵Ķ̫
֮ǰݺ͵õһöľϵ̫֮ͨѪɫֱܹӶԶֵľ˺
ڣõö̫һöϵ̫һöˮϵ̫
̫ľһܹ뵽֮ͨУǿͨЧ̫ãȻҪľǿһЩ
֪Щ֮ͨö̫֮󣬻ʲôЧ
ţû˷һ˿һʱ䣬ֱӾͿʼ


1536 ɫ
ԭţԼ֮󣬿ǰĽȥܲܵõһЩӰ
ȴû뵽ֱӵõö̫
ľĻҪϵ֮ͨԲܹӳõЧ˵ЩͨоͲ뺮ĴڣΪû˿Ч
̫Ͳһˡ
ʲô̫뵽֮ͨУһЧЧȷҲһսаʣ̫ԣҪľǿ̫ˡ
õһöϵ̫һöˮϵ̫ɵúúÿһ£뵽һö֮ͨвС
ףԾ֮򣿡
Ȼ뵽Լڰͨ
߶ֻ߸ͨԭҲ⣬ԴӾ˲ƵľĽ֮͵õ˾֮ڰͨ
֮ǰûҪ֮ʲô
ڣؼһЩͨѾ˰Ӱˣ֮Ҳܹ̫Ǻܿܶʵкܴǿ
ûԥ㽫öˮϵֱ̫뵽˾֮С
ˮϵִ̫֮ʱյĿǰ߶ֻܹˮϵ̫֮͸һЩռѣʱգȫûС
ܿ죬ͷ֣Լˮϵ̫뵽֮֮ʩչ֮ȻܹΧʱ
ȻʱֻбһսлʲôЧ֪ˡ
ʹţֻҪʩչ֮ôʲôٶȶ˿һֵκζжܶ࣬㹻ʱ䷴Ӧ
˷ƵĻ˽Եֵ
ԭ֮ĲЧܹɵٶȣټɵٶȣҲ൱ڣԵκζ֣ǰֻӵԭɵٶս
ǹٶȣƶٶȣκ߶κͨٶȣᱻ˳ɣ
Чͺǿֲˡ
ǰһӵľ֮ۺʵ֮ǰȻǿһأ
ˮϵ̫Ǿ̫֮ǿ֮УȻѡߣϾˮϵ̫ȻټȴȫûС
У϶Ҳˮϵ̫ġ
ȴδ˵˭ܹʱΧʱģһУȻΪ֮Եʣ
Ͼ֮Ǿص֮վĽ۶ĵڰͨͲһĴڣˮϵ̫Ҳġ
һʵһǿҪٴոĻ津壬ԷøңԿˡ
ô˰ɡ
ĵ˵ͷͽˮϵ̫뵽֮С
Ȼһöϵ̫
̫֮ͨȽϵģϾͨȫǰӰϣӰıǽϵ̫֮ġ
һ룬ѡ񽫽ϵ̫뵽˵һ֮ͨС
֮һУѾܾûжˣΪȽ΢óҲ޷סһʱЩǿ֡
ڣŽϵ̫뵽˾ֵ֮֮ͨУͷֵ֣֮ĿȻֱӾͱʮ࣡
˵޽֮յĵһգЧ㲻Ļôھֵ֮ĿЧ޽֮յĵһջҪǿ
޽֮յĵһգܹӡԷڵԷʵԽǿӡʱԽ̣ոյĻ津壬޽֮սӡ֮󣬲һʱƳ˶ӡ
ڵľֵ֮ĻܹһֽЧԷھȫ
ʱ֮ڣԷ˼˵Ƴˡ
˵˽ϵ̫ľ֮ͨһ˭ӵĽʱĳǿֶΣ
ӵнɫСҪˡ
ͬʱİӰ֮ħ֮ģǿӵ˼ȶĳǿֶΣ˵ö̫֮ʵս˸
ʵս˼ǣոֻǿԸһͷ津塣
ڵĻ³ͷոĴڣܽԷͷȫɵ
̫ļֵѰľʮֹҪ彮ڼûֱĲԵ
֮ǰݺöľϵ̫ǴӻСѵģǷǳˣϾڻ嵱Уܹӵ̫Ҳȴպñҽɵˡ
ٴȷԼʵǿ֮װͨǰȥ
Ҳ֪һֻʲôĴڣ
ܹһǧýÿһֶ̭һҲ˵һĶ֣Ͼʴ¹еǰǿ
һ뵽Щɽ
Ҫô˵Ļոͷ津壬ҲѾеǰһǧǿˣǱɵˣ
ڣõö̫ǿʵһֵĻδزܽԷɵ
ȻһֵĶֶҲһֵõϾӵģȴ֪֮⣬ҪƾЩϾʱսʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ֮ߣ϶Ѿ߶δ׵۷壬ͽʵ˼£˪ģ߸֮ͨѾľ
ǵõʲôԴƷܹǵʵڶʱҲ϶ࡣ
ΪҪԴƷҪʱģֻöɫСʮ֮һԻûѶʱ䣬ҪҪԽԽʱȥԴƷϡ
ڣ߿϶ûʲôʱȥո̶ȵԴƷġ
һλ֮ǰ
ͨոոǻ津ս֮һЩս飬ӵеЩֶ޵״̬ħսõѡ
һܹ֤ԼȫһҲܹսпԷֶΣ߻öԷϲӶһɱĻᡣ
ͨͨǰһؿʱȴǳһ
ΪԼһ֣Ȼһͷɫ
֮ǰʱ֪ԼҪǶǿߣ׶༪ٵģǽɫǲǶԷĶֱ֣Ͷͺˣͺ˱ǿĶһ
ڣȻ̭ؿУͷɫңƺǸɫһһͷ伫ΪŵС룬ûηηβġ
Ȼͷɫʵģмڲͷ¶βġ
ңҲ֣һȷӵʵ
Ϊոմͨг֣Ȼ״̬ʱ򣬶ԷƺѾλá
ͨĹرգɫɫ˲Ķһɫͬһ㳯ڵĵطӿ


1537 ս
û뵽ԼĶ־ȻͷɫҸû뵽ǣԼ޵״̬ȻᱻԷˡ
⻹ͷһ񾳽֮µĴڿĻ״̬Ȼ֪ԷηԼġ
ͨոչرգԷ㳯͵ĹƣһɫȻ˷Ķ·߶סˣͬʱһռϽ˶Χ£
֮
Ҳ룬ֱӱ״̬ɵڹ۶˶ԷĿռϣֱӽ߽һȱڡ
Ȼ߶մԽֱӱǱɫΧֵ
һӣͷɫΪȣȻû뵽δ׾СӣȻܹƿĿռϡ
Ҫ֪ĿռϣһЩ߶δ׵۷嶼׵ƵСܹһ·ȷеˮƽġ
ɫȻκδ⡣
ʴ¹ÿζţȻţǰҲֻδ׵ľ磬ڵǰûκλʤĿܣ
ɫ׼ȫԸٶȽ¡
ȴԸ
֮Ӧ˶ڲΧɢȥ
ڵľ֮ˮϵ̫Ĵڣֵ֮ʱ̾͸ܵͷɫĶȿʼһ룬ʱЧʼ
Ȼɫûмδ̫ڻţȫɫâ˸ó츳֮ͨҪʱЧ
ϧǣɫһƬ˸ŵȻฺܹܶЧʱȴû˿취
Ҳעֻһ״̬¸սܹľ֮ƻ
ɫԼ޷ʱЧֱ֮ӾͲ뷨ɫ⿪ʼӿȶ̫ƷѵʮľѼ
ƿն˾֮ϣ͵ƻ֮涼ʼѺۣ
֪Էʵǿ˾֮ᱻԷƿ׼
Էעھ֮ϵʱתɫ֡
ħ
޽֮գ
δóبżģΪѹ׵ĶھͶñԷĻʲôԷ
ٻһħȻħĴ߶޽֮գһֱӺ˶ԷϣԷڵӡסôһʱ䡣
Ȼ޽֮յĵձĵЧӳֱɫڵʼţ
ڳ־ս£ĵЧǷǳģɲڴܹƾöԷȫŸɾ
һ̣ԼҲ߶ɭħģͷɫʩչ޽֮ա
ʩչ޽֮գǷӡĿЧܿͱԷˣյıڣɭħĵıɫľ궼ܵ˲Сˡ
Ҳʱľ֮ڱԷ״ݻˡ
ţԷⲻ˸޽֮յĿЧɾȻҵĽ
Ȼ֪һһǷԣɫûȥħǳһɫƿն˲͵ǰ
ʱٻһħħҲ˲ٴ۳һ֮
ڲƹΧɢҼΧһʱ٣ֱӾɫĹƱû
ʱͬԣͬΧڣɫɫֱ֮ӱ˴󲿷ֵƻȻŵִﵽϡ
ڵľĸ壬ʩչħֶΣֱӾ͵ֵס˶Է˵ɫ
ƺǼĴ򷨣оر޳ܣͷɫȻҲʼ۷һ
Է۵ķҪ˺ܶ࣬ȫϰٸɫ˲ֱ˳
Χʱټ룬㹻ķӦʱ䣬ҲӦ۳ϰٸĹŲӰȻЩĹŲӰֱӻӶȭͷԿսȭڵֶΣΪǿԺ˶Էɫ档
˲䣬ϵĿʼʩչȻ󲻶ϵӿսƣֻһʱ䣬ѾӵʮĿսơ
̶ȣʩչսĵֱֶʮϧǻûдﵽܹʩչսȭĳ̶ȡ
ڵδ׵硣
ʮĿսƣҲһȭ䱬һѰ߶δʿˣϧԵ߶δ۷Ĵڣһǿ壡
Ҳעˣ̶ȻԶԶ⣬ΪԷֶκܶ࣬϶Ӧİ취Ӧԡ
ƾž֮ʱټЧķȷһȭȥЩɫķˣЩĹŲӰҲֻܻӳôһȭȻֱΪľɢ
ԷϰٸȴȻţֻܵˣʱûа취ʲôĹơ
ʱͱȽԷЩҪȻȶԷôΧֻ·һˡ
ᣬ𣡡
ֱӰ⽻УΪҲֻСֶοͬʱɵô塣
ˮϵ̫֮ʼڳвȻͬʱ߸пʼۣûЩɫɢȥѾױ
ϾԷʱټķΧڣǼҪߣٶҲѰһ룬ȫܵ
ֱ֮ӱˮϵ̫֮ȫռ䶼סˣ඼⣡
ʱԼѡԱȻֱ
ͷɫѾȫǣסںѳպøһᣬԱ֮ǰһöҩȻָһ
ȵԱܹ֮һηãȫЧĻָЧܹսʱ䡣
ҪȻĻħսʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵Ļֱʮ˸ħ˺սܽԷɵϾÿһħʵһҿԶøֶΣֶҪǿöˡ
ȵЩɢȥɫķͱˣֻʣɫı壬ڰУûܵκ˺
һĻһݡ
ɫǿĵطˣΪᶼδԶԷ˿˺һܹġ
ؼǣԷƺûжʲôֶΣֻǾڰУǹƾ͵ֵסı
Էٶ÷ֶأ
ܹԷɵ
ҪԸһֻմӾķ֣֮ܲһеУĻԷӦҾͱذˡ
ţѾ˽ȥԸԷİ취


1538 ֲط
ܺõڸסԼ˼
ȻѾٻħͲϵʩչ޽֮գԾд߶ÿεڶԷڱʱ򣬶öԷܵһ̶ȵˡ
ϾֱڶԷڵƻԶԷѷס
֮ͷɫҲѾȫϤĹƣָٶҲǼ٣ڵźǿڱƾ̶ȵ޽֮ոܽԷɵ
ڵȣŶԷһơ
Ұֻ¶ʱ򣬲ŻԼһ汩¶Էר־ķоԼֵܹĿʵ̫Сˡ
ɫâ˸γһ⣬ħϮƿն
Щɫٶȷǳ죬ھ֮ʱЧ£ɼԭٶж죬ڣħ޷ԷЩɫ⡣
̫ƷĵʮһѼ
Էڶ̫ƷЩ棬ԷĵʮѼʲôѹ׵ֶΣ᲻ʲôв
ô˵ʩչ޽֮գҪռ˼ȫעԷпʩչĹֶˡ
ڶԷɫϮ£ħϱ飬Ȼ̵ܳУͷɫҲѾҪڵħ֮ġ
ûжԶԷɫԷɶԷɫϮԼΣ
֮󷴶ܹøĻָҩ
У۳˸ħħͬʱԶԷʩչ޽֮ա
ɭħġĺ;ʾĲϽ涯ãöԷʤôħҲڶԷƺҪɱֵʱһͬ
ĸħֱͬӾܹ㣬öԷĸս뵽ͬͻᱻһ
һʱ䣬ǻᱻֻʣ²һɵ
Ҳպʱ򣬶ԷҫɫâһʾģĹֱƿն
Щɫ̣׼ķĸħħ֮λã
գ
ۿŶԷɫƿն΢˿ȿͬĻԷӦ޷Լɵħֵܹ
Էɫ쳣ǿᣬڱʱټ֮޷֮С
ֻ΢һ£ܵԷɫȻħ֮ģԼĸħħ֮ϣ
ֲĴ͸ħ֮Ķ˲ͬ䳬һվǻħ֮ģδȫ͸ֻ͸˱㣬
ĸħʩչħ壬ǿס˶Էɫ̹ƣȴûüħ壬ֱӱ͸ħ֮ģȻɫըȻƬ
Ҳʱǿķ
ηı˺ܾõģͷɫķǳţûĹƣֻǷһ޽֮նѡ
⣬͸Ļᡣ
ͷɫȻûСʵҲû뵽ֶܹΡ
壬ħʩչ˲ֶͬΡ
һħȫûɫԼڱը̷˷بż˲䱬߶޽֮գ
Ȼ֮ǰ޽֮ѾùΣԷ»֪ѾبżģģһӹبżĵԶϢɫ΢񣬽ıڱը
ĹƻԶԶֹˡ
һħħ֮Ķըһ룬һͻҷ𣬲Ǵɫһоֵ֮ͨ
ľ֮ͨѾ˽ϵ̫֮ӵһּǿĿؼܹԾпƣöԷ֮ʧȥκ
׹ֱۣӿЯʾľϢɫ
ͬʱոշĵħٴζ֣˳УɫϢѸٳŶԷϮȥ
عͬʱӣѾɫʹ⻹ȫ
գֳֽɫСԴƷʮ֮һ˲һɫƿնȥͷɫ֮ϣ
˶ĹƼͷĽţҪܽԷɵĻȥֻܷˣΪȷԼԲǶԷĶ֡
ԼҲ߶δ۷ĻԷڻѾɵˡ
ܿϧ߶δ׵ľ磬أԷʮҪɱԷʵ̫ˡ
Ĺ۲УĴ߶޽֮գڶԷڱͬʱԷΧһϸˣϧǣĲûܹһԷ顣
ţԷһƺԶžܹĳ׻Ŀԡ
óԷпһطܹ޶ȵıסԼĲݻ٣޽ֶ֮ο˵ȻĿơ
ԷŲġ
ʩչبżģ߶޽֮գ޷ԷĴݻ٣ɼԷķֶεȷһףطǿ
ŵıǾֵ֮ɫʧȥ˷ĿܣŵɱԼĽɫСյɱС
ɫСͷųĽɫ⣬Ҫ޽֮գݻٶԷĵģϧԷıķѸٻָýɫҲֻǻǲϣͬ޷ԷĴݻ١
ɱһеĳȫԷԤϣʴԷڣԶԷľ˺ɫһʱܵ˼ǿҵʹࡣ
ʹ࣬ɫϵһԴƷԶһöԴƷȴǷ͵ģһɫˮģĶɫ˸ɫĹâȻγһ㾫㡣
⾫㣬Ȼɱжˣ׸ͷʹ޷ʴɫڡ
ֻǣԷӦ˵㣬Ǿ֮ʱٹˣǶԷԴƷӦٶȶһЩѾʴ˶Էڣɫľܵ˲СĴˡ
ˣĿ񱩹ƣȻԷȫֵ
ȻԶԷľ˲СĴˣȴ޷ɱԷ߶δ۷ǿߵʵǲϵõǿɫǰȻҲǶ֣
Ᵽĵطȷ̫ǿˡ
б𺳣֪Լ̤߶δ׵ľ磬ҪͷɫսҲ޷̫ɵĽɵһСĵĻԷսʤԼĿܡ
˵ڣδ׵Ϊ


1539 Ѫ
ϰֶζˣûܹһٰѶԷɵ
ʱ򣬾֮ǳʱǿпȻЧҲ˵һʱȥԸɵԷ
ϣʵ̫ãˣԷԴƷԾ񹥻ķطıڵܹƵĴڡ
ֻǣɱûжá
Ǿǰ˼Ѫ
һֱѰ˼ѪԼʱΪֶʩչĻҪѲԴȥ޸ԼС磬ֻΪյֶΡ
ڣڵʩչһֶεʱ
˼ѪÿһѪǿһĻ
ڣԷĻ࣬ʮңҲ˵˼ѪȫȫȶԷ϶ˣ
ûʱȥ˼ԥһԷӦҵĻѶԷɵ
˼Ѫ
˲䱬˰˼ѪǵһֱԼڰ˼Ѫ״򿪣һСɵ˺ԹģºҪһö쾧һƷ֮ȥ޸ԼС硣
ʱ˿̣ڱ˿ͷɫǿϢ
ʷǿ״̬ǰʲôʱ򣬶ڵĶ֣˼ѪıȫͬһѪɫĹâԵЩ졣
ԴƷɱ
ڵĻöɫСһɫһӿȻӳöԴƷ˳ɵ
Ҳ̤߶δ׵ʱܹӳöɫСļޣ
ɫ˲ƿգֱͷɫ
ͬʱδȥڴɫЧֱӱʩչ޽֮գبżϢֱӴӶԷڱɢ
ԭبżģԽԷΧطϸ飬ˣԷҲܹѸȫԭ޼ƿʩ
ڣڰ˼Ѫǿ˱һε޽֮ձֱӴݻ˶ԷطϣҽԷֱӴݻٵһ룡
ԷڵģֶξȻֻһط
ɫȻֱĵط
һϱ˲ݻ֮󣬽űһ͸ϼֵ֣סĵ룬ʱĵƻʵ̫ǿˣֱӽǰ͸ٴδݻ١
ֻǵڣ޽֮յҲʣ޼ֻܽԷĴݻһ롣
ѾǷǳˡ
Ͼײδס
ԷȻû뵽һ
Ȼɫ˸ֲֶܶζûóѾˡ
ıݻһĻʵֱӾµһ󵵴ΣܼսȥҪôɵҪôѡ˳
ûκԥͷɫѡ˳
ͷʼ˸һЩ׹⣬Щ׹ʮʱɫͻᱻͳʴ¹ȥ
ǰǣȼôʮʱ䣡
ֳֵĽɫС۵ĽɫֱӴ˶ԷֱӴ̴һ̯ɫѪҺɽ˳ûз״̬£ܹԷˡ
ҪѶԷɱûôˡ
Ϊֵ֮ĿѾˣԷҲѾӦ˹𽥱仯״̬ȥ
ȻҪֶʮʱ䣡
Ӱۣ֮
ֱӴ߶һͨ˰ӰİӰۣ֮ȻûֱܹҵԷڣ΢΢һ㶡
ǡһԴƷϢѵǣԴƷе䣿
һҲֱӾͻޣ
ҲԷԷѾѡ˳Ѿڲ֮أڿɲ﷭Էɵˡ
ȻԷѾѡ˳ٰɵҲᱻͳʴ¹򣬵˵׼ԷǴɵ˶޷ǰ
ײõѡ
ҲԷҲܹǰǣɱԷĻȥûн˵Բʲô¡
һȥûнʵ޷ǿĻĺѻʤԸɫѾȫǽɫأ
ԣǰͷɫҪɱ
ûżֱħ߶֮þ֮ڲƹ鲼ռ䵱С
Ҳ֪ʱЧʮ˳ĹǷã
õĻԷ͵ﶺʮʱ䣬ܹɱԷİոˡ
ȻӰ֮һʱûҳԷλãδģΪǴڰ˼Ѫ֮£Դ߶˼ѪӳɵⰵӰ֮ϡ
Ƭ̣ͷֳİӰ֮ΧһЩѪɫǰ˼Ѫӳɵı֡
Լʱ䣬ǰӰ֮ڷɫټȻռΧżٵƶֲһʼʱ򿴲
ΪԷεͬʱٶֺܿ죬ϢɢУͨϢѰҶԷ
ڣԷټȴ
ɱ
ûκԥֱһʩչ֣֮һ׹ֱ۴д͸ֱץסͷɫΡ
ȻٴζʩչͬʹöԷٻᱻôʱ䣬һʱ仹ǿԵģҪöԷͣ
ɫϣͬʱо֮ڲƹûκͣЪֱӳɫӿȥ
ɫаʱ䣬ֻҪȥʮʱ䣬ܹ뿪˴ԣѾµҲûҪɱҪԱ
һɫƲСȡ˳ȻһɫĻΧ
ɫƲȻһ޾ƷķսʱſȻһʱֵסЩơ
ֻԷڱ֮ƣֱƻ˰ģܹõʵޣҪֵסĹƣʱѾļˡ
ɫֻҪʱ㹻ˣ
壡
ģ


ᶨҪɱ㣡
ɫʱ򣬾ȻͨһϢϢ˶Էɱľġ
Էɹ뿪˵ҵ
ʱ໥Կǽ˵Ҳ֪ܣȻԶ鷳Ҳ᲻٣˵Իһѡ
ɲҪġ
ϧǣȻϴ߶еĽɫСҪƶԷĶطҲһʱˡ
ǣ֮ʱЧȷʵԶԷ˳ȥʱãöԷͣʮʱ䡣
һ
һʱȥɫķڱɫСȥ޾ƷɫƲսֱӴ붴ݻ٣ɫȴ˿
ڵʱˡ
Ȼһ̣ȵ鷢ˡ
ΪȻʮʱ䣬ȴδͳȥǼĹ
ɹˣ
״жʱһϲһ̱һδ߶بżģȻ֣Էʣµһĳ״ݻ٣ţɫС׽ԷƬ


1540 
ֶζñˣһ˼ѪС綼ٵúأڽͷɫɵ
ɫҲʧȥ˻صĻᣬ׸ɵ֮Ѿ޷ԼϢﵽ磬Ҳ˵û˻֪ͷɫǱɵġ
˿ӻֽħɢˡ
άȫ˷ԼžȻܣԼָȫʢ״̬ͬʱֱ֮еʼ޸ԼС硣
һö֮еĴ֮㹻ԼСȫ޸ˣȻǾķǳҪ֪һö쾧һƷĴ֮óȥֵսŹѫģ
ôܲܿԼС类ٶȥ޸
˼ѪҪûѰҲ
ȻˣΪ˼ѪովֻܱɫɵܻŻصͺܲˣȻɱﵣǾǾ
ⶫǴĶ˵ʹá
Ͼʴ¹
Ĵż˭֪żоʲôһ£һþʲôõĶǿɾͱˡ
УҲӪֵ֮֯ĲŶԡ
һйص飬ʴ¹ͷǵжԵģǶ˵Ǻ⣿
ԣֻҪΣգ㶯þˣǱѹ˳ʴ¹ҲҪεδ֪ڡ
ɵˣɫ֮󣬽ȥľͻǺӵеǰʮǿˡ
ѶȱضҲ˵ȥĶֻǸεĴڡ
ڣ֪˻ʣ¶٣ȻֶûͷǰΨһѡ
ܿ죬ָϣСҲȫ޸ãһ˼·
һεĻޣȻոɫǰһöûУһһҲûãվҪһ㣬ҳһֶεġ
ܿ죬ͨмһ䡣
䣬Ͼӣ֮һöϵмŵĺȻһ似
һ似ǹ͵似˵պúʣΪһöɫСԴƷ
ԭ޷ȫöɫСֻܷӳеʮ֮һǿ˼Ѫ֮Ҳֻܴ߶а˳ɵ
õö似ȴܹӳĽɫСһ
似֣⡱
ʲôܱ似ۼΪһҷһȥԸˡ
ýɫСʩչ⣬ҲԶبżĵʩչ⣬һ֣Ĺøǿ
Ǿ۹͵ħ塢սϵȷ͵Ͷûʲôˡ
似Ѱ似һģΪͬ׶ΣӳѧСɣɣȻ۷塢ԲȻ
ԣǺѰѧˡ
Ϊ似Ҫʱ䣬϶Ѱ似Ҫö࣬ڣѾԼͨ𽥱УҲ˵ǲܹͨеġ
ٲǰĻʱͻᱻʴ¹ɵˡ
ֻ˾Ȼǰ
޵״̬£һСοռ䣬ȻȴûκζֵӰ
һ̣ͿСοռһͷֱӳһͨͨһģѾѶֻһһȻ
⡭
ѵԶˣ
ȻоЩ֣²ҲֻˣؿĶһصʱ̫ضҼԻָ˳ˣ⵹Ǳ
˵Ⲣһʲô飬Ϊζһ֮ͨܵõʲôϾˡ
ǰͺá
ҡҡͷû̫࣬ǰĻĶȻǿѾҪ˳׼
һȫ޷ԸĶ֣ͻԥ˳ԼСЦ
СοռУʱоһö似ˣΪͨСοռȴô
طòμʴ¹໥սĵطʴ¹򲻿ܲ˵ʱ䡣
ʱ򣬶˵Ҳиġ
һصĶֶһɡ
ٺһЦСοռ
ˣҲûзκξģΪͨǲпǶĻ󣬵ǻĻ߶δ۷崴ĻҲ
Ͼ˾֮طˡ
ԣֻʣһ˿裬ʱ׼ͬʱͿʼѧϰˡ
似Ѷȣ޾Ʒ似ҪһЩЩ֣Ϊʲôûʲô޾ƷͼƷ似
ô似Ȼֽ׶ɱ֮ǿ似ˡ
⣬һѧᣬǿһĹ߲ΣЧܸܿá
ȥ
ʱһһţȴ˿ż
֪ǣһѾһСοռУʼ󣬸ַ󲻶ϱһСοռ䣬ͻܵޱҵĹƣ
ܹһСοռеһվǻƵģȴҪȥȡ
Ͼ絽Ҳ᲼ʲôڶֵķǾ񹥻Ϳ͵ֶΣ˵ȴǸպá
ֶζԸңҾ͸ʮ㣡
֮ǰǿĺͷǿڣƵֱӻҷˣԾ꾵ЧǷǳĵģһЩѰֶεĻ͸úˡ
㹻㿪ЩĹơ
ǾãԼǿҪȹȥҪҪһЩ֮£ܹʤ㡣
ͿʼˣҲûȥ
⣬һּΪֶΣ֮ǰδֶΣ似Ҫˮϵ̫֮һ򣬻֮ǰ˴֮ˮϵ̫֮һɡ
ȻһɣҲ㹻ˡ
似öԿռӰ죬ĳۼһȻһȥڻ۲ͬӳֲͬЧ
Һֶ֣ܿΣҲӵбĿԵġ
ֻҪѧܹӳһСɣпܱпܱıڻܱʮ
ʣ͸޾似ǳˡ
ѵν似޾似죬˵޾Ʒ߼Ʒ似ĲΣ
Ҳûа취ȥŪ飬ֻȰ˵
ƾ츳ԼԿռĵ̶ȣֻǻʱʱ䣬ڰ˳ѧĲΣ˵Ȼ
ҪСɲУ


1541 
ﵽ˳ѧεľ⣬˵㲻ǶǿֶΣ˵ܹκ۴㡣
Ѿˣǵ˿ս֮ĿսģҲܹȥģսƵӵ㹻߲Ļ䶯þֶΣֱӻӶսȭǿ屶
ԣ򵽳ѧĻûʲô̫ô
ڵκ似ٶȶǺܿġ
Ҫ֪ڲ֮ǰһöɫʯͷϿӡͼƵԼԺУöɫʯͷϵ·Чٶȼӿ죬κηٶȣ
·ռԺкܴһֵλãԺУֻܿӡ·Ӿ֮ħ֮ĵͼˡ
ͼƻ·֪ЩʲôĴڣܹӡԺǿʵͶˡ
ڣ·Чκֶεٶȶǰࡣ
ͬҲ似⡣
ѰߣҪһѧ״̬ٶҪüʱ䣬⻹˵Щ츳ߵˣȴֻǻʱ͸㶨ˡ
ȥҪСɵľ磬ҲỨ̫ʱ䡣
һؿĶ˵൱ˣΪԷ벻߲ݵĵȴţȴʱпܳ֡
ʹһЩСοռУҲȻܹɧ
Ȼ֪ԼΡ
ֻԼøǿӶܹʴ¹ߵøԶõԴѡ
⣬øǿһֶΡ
֮ǰĻôԸɫͲôѾˣֻСɵľ⣬Ҳпܱı
ǿɾ൱ǽ⿪˼Ѫĳ̶ˡ
Ӹصľ磬пܱǿȵϰ˼ѪȫЧˡ
Ͱ˼Ѫֶͬʱʩչأ
Ѿ
ڣǱ˼ѪѾܹɵɫǿߣгɵľĻܹɫεĳǿڶ໥⡣
һϲͨѧʱʱ䡣
ӳѧСɣͻʮʱҲһʱ䣬Ȼû
ֹҵʱ䣬ֱӽֶ˴ɵľ磡
ʱɾܱıˣõʱ򣬸ֱܹӱ߰˱ȷ൱򿪰˼Ѫĳ̶ˡ
Ϊ⣬似˵޾ƷƷ似
˵似Ժ޾似һܹпܱǿƣû޾ƷͼƷ似оν似Ӧþǲε似ˡ
ȻҲпֻĴҲ֪ǲʵ
ô֮¶ҪǰˣΪ֣ͣ˽ʱ䣬ȻСοռ䶼ʼҪ̮
ҪٲߵĻ»кܿµĺ
ޣŰɫĻγɵͨǰǰȥܿͨ롣
һؿУǰѶָɵĻôӦһϾӳǰȴûУΪϸؿ˭ûԷֱѡ˳
ûͣǰʴ¹Уʲôпܷġ
巢ʲô飬κ˶֪ˡ
״̬ܿ͵һСοռڴԶԶľ͸ܵռгһϢ
һռѾ˲ٷ󡭡
СĽΪһЩǿڵڼַ
ʱ䣬Ȼ˴ɵľ磬ֺܿﲼ޵͵ִ
ɫǰ֮ɲ̫ԼĻˡ
ڣСοռıԵûиܵռʲô
ſռһȥĳȴһ
־Ȼ
ȫû뵽ʴ¹ͬһĶ֡ɣ
ɣĺѣͬҲļ˵Ķ֡
˴ӦǺӵһҪɱɣʱһ컹ңԶȴû뵽͸ˡ
ң˫ʴ¹棡
治֪ʴ¹лͬһĶ֣еĶսȫġ
˵ʴ¹û뵽ͬĴڣܹߵһҪ֪ʴ¹еǰʮˡ
ϣѾ൱Ǹ̶ȣ֮ǰ˺üս
˭뵽᲻̭ɱ֣ؿ棿
Էûʶĵ
Ҳû˿⡣
ͨУӶͨʱرգᱻԷѾ
ϸ۲ɣɿСοռĿ񣬵ʵϣȴڸ֪Сοռеκκη紵ݶӹԷĸ֪
ɣ˽ⲻࡣ
֮ǰΪ˵飬ȥһ£֪һΪĽ죬ȴȫͬ
ڿսЩУһӢۣɣȴǸԶļһ
Ϊÿɻص彮ڣǿд߲òŮЩŮҲûлȥƫƫݾˣսжżߵ
ŮЩ˼ңɲǮƣЩ˼˵ЩǮôֲܹʧȥ˵ʹ
˸ɵĳԹƺ˶
ģû˵ӦĳϵȽϺõŮѣɸ֮Ҳûл
Ϊˣ˲Ŷʹޡ
ȴùЩ顣
˵˶ȥˣһǿҲܳùҪҪȥ
Լʵһ̶֮ȥɽɵ
û뵽ھͶˣȻˣһĻᡣ
ȻԷܹһ·ؿȻʲôöԸļһûдڶκεӡ
ڵȥԿһǻȫԸģȻδرǿóȫվûдġ
ʴ¹УûκΧսɱˣȥ֮Ҳκ֪˭С
ⷴһܴ鷳
ԭɱսŵĽ죬ǻȽϴ鷳ģõһᡪǿҪĻᡣ
ûǣ֮ǰæסͻͷ񣬴Ӷɽɵ֮󣬺ڻ˵һҪĻᣬʱû뵽ҪʲôҪԾͱ
ᣬ϶ǺģܲþͲá
ʴ¹нɸɵǲҪˡ
Ż޵״̬СοռȻ룬ͨĹرգڿռĿɣͻȻ۾Ȼ֪ԼĶˣ


1542 ۳־ս
ɿǸȽͨ꣬еС˧һ˫ȴʼմŵа
֮ǰʴ¹֮⼯ϵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ġ
ڣͻȻ˫УǴаǴһɣɣǰδһЩġ
ڣԷδܹҵλá
Ϊ޵״̬£ĻǶĳЩֶΣҪȻҲ
ɲδԴС
ֻȵһ̧֣յСοռȻ㷭ڿռµЩ󣬱߶һ֣һ֣Ѿøӿȵռ䣡
ռУűըԵ߶δ۷ĴڣıըԹҲԲܻ
ֻСοռ벿֣ҲΧһƬСΧڣһƬƽ˾ûκڷӿ
ɺģĹ£κζֶ޶ԣ¶ԷǿҲ˶¶ڵֵЩʱ򣬿϶ᱩ¶λá
ܿ죬ɾüͷ
Ϊ֣ռз·ʲôֶһ˿񱩵˳Ȼʲôûо
ûü̫á
ܶ屾ӵиֶֹΣҲû
ֻܺ棬εĶ־ʲôʽڴţ
̬ô϶ᱻ鲼ռ˳ײľʽӦҲᱻеľӰ쵽Ŷԡ
ô˵ԷȲֲ̬̬
ɸоЩˡ
ʱ̾Χ˳Լƣȴƫƫ״̬ԡΧС
Щڵĵطڹֻڽ޲𹥻ԣڵ޿ռ䣬ܵѹǺܴ˿Ŀܡ
֮ǰֻ񾳽ĴڣɫܹĻޡ
ɣȻǲֶ֪ΣҲܿڴںδ
յıŻ޵״̬δż֡
ΪҪǳֻ߷κιƵĻ¶ɶԿûôɵҶԷƬռôεķ
һҪɶԿԷ߶ܸɵˡ
ԣ״̬
޵״̬άҲҪʲôڵȫԱֻ޵״̬ʱ䣡
ô˵ȳŹʱ˵
֪־սҪԣһɱ֣ɱ˵Ҫȴһĳ֣ҪѵģĻ״ݾߣɴɱжֱʧܡ
޵״̬£ĵȴš
ɾͲһˡ
֮ǰСǿռ˸պһͬķЩðԵĶУ֮ܶӰˣʵԷǳǿʲôĶ֣ܹӳܴôġ
ΪԼѾһʧˡ
ȴû뵽Ƕֽռ֮ԷĶҲ
һֱӾͼ˶ʮЩױ֮󣬳һƬǽ壬ޱȣȴΨûҪǸ֡
СοռȻǷŵģζȻռ䵱С
ȫЯľ뵽˸ӽŵ״̬УδԴ߶ʣµЩ󣬷ʩչ似ֱӶ似ҲжԾĳ似
ͨҲʩչ˳ȫΪҪҵֵټ
ûԷж
ǵֱӽ似ڵзҲ޶ԣΪԸ
ƾ߶δ۷ΪҪƻ޿ռ䣬ҪܳʱģԷ֪ںδܳⷽ򲻶ϵķ
ĶԷҳԼ
ֻҪֹһͲһˣԷ֮ͨݵλãٴλޣԷҲ֪ںδӶ޿ռֱӷƣĻܿܰ޿ռ飬ò޿ռѳ
ԣ֡
ڶԷ¶֮ǰǾԲֵġ
״̬У
ɾͲһˡ
Сοռпˣ˼ѧ֮û취ҵֵټüͷһұȷøˡ
Ҫô죿
ԷڰʱԶԼ͵ϮҺܿ״̬ǳã
ڣոտˣôѧѾһЩⲢҪĵطҪĵطڣҪһֱž״̬
Ҫġ
֮ǰڵȴʱ򻹲һ
ڵȴʱȻ֪ԷʲôʱֻҪԷˣСοռͻ᳹׷գһͨİɫĻͨҲֱӹرա
ͻע⣬ڱԷ͵Ϯ
οʱгġ
Ҫ֪СǿռȰںϰֻҪԷַӾܽԷɷ飡
ڣͱȫͬˡ
Ϊ֪ԼĶѾˡ
ȴҲԷ
µЩƺҲ˿ûô
ɵľʼ֮ǰȴʱг񣬶ľ״̬Ȼ۷εߣ̫õĻҲþƣ
ĳսսǶ۷˵Ǻôġ
Ѿɴֶζ
ԷѾ¶ǰ
ɶȴһ֪
Ψһ֪ľǣһͷμʴ¹壬ڵռ䣬ĿɱȴȫҲԷ
£ɵ̬ʲôı仯Ͳö˵ˡ
ȻΪɾ鲻٣̬һʼᱣֵúܺãʱȥξͲô˵ˡ
Ǵʱ˵
Сοռ䵱лڶԿʱռӦǲ̮ġ
㹻ʱȥĥɣöԷ̬𽥱ñ
ʱʱ䣬˵
ʱϢ߶δ۷ʿ˵ȫʲôʱҲǰʱȥ֮ѾռĿ
̬ȴʱ̴ڽ״̬һ̶ܷˡ
ţȴ֪һͼˣϾԷԵʱпܷϮ
ؼɻ֪Ķʲô壬ʲô֪ҪģıԽԽš
ĳ־սսԣڲŸոտʼѡ
ʱʲô
ò˵ֶκܼ˭޷ҵ޵أ
İӰ֮˰Ӱ֮Ҫĵü٣һʱ˲磬ࡣ
ʱսһжС


1543 
硣
ɿҲǵ磬ȴԽԽš
ʱţɿԷϮʱԽԽˣǶԷȴʼûзƣеˡ
ôڰѶԷλݳ
ϧ֮ûκԸ
ΪȫûСοռ͸¶κйԼϢ
Ż޵״̬Ƶĥɵӡ
ʼѣҲͲסļ尾
һȥˣܹ֣ȥˣܹ֡
쵽ʱɾЩ̬ʧˡ
ܲÿʱÿ̶âڱĸо
ʼ˵ͬʱΧųƺҪͶռенֻϧȻشκλҲκ
ıŻ޵״̬ô޶ԡ
죬һδ߶˶ʮ󣬵һЩ̬̬ģ̬ûκã¶š
ֻǾԼˣѧ
˰Ӱ֮ͨȷǶʵ˺ܶܶ࣬ҪȻɣ֪βܹʤأڣȴʤȯˡ
̬ԽԽը
ȻҲпװġ
ţٹ죬ɾ㲻װҲˡ
ûܹôʱĥ
ȻҲУΪһų̫ʱ䣬ۺۣһϵĥ
رԽԽʶԼֶζŵĴû˿Чʱ͸Ǻ£һֶδ֪Ŀ־壬𽥱
ҵһĥĸо
ȻǹҪĥԷֻԼСĴ۰ѶԷɵ

졣
İӰ֮飬˵죬Ѿʣ޼ˣҪ͵ϮҲҪڷһöָҩ֮С
տʼɾѾˡ
ѡ˳
ʱͷ˸ŵ׹⣬־ʮʱ֮󣬾ͻᱻͳʴ¹򣬶ʮʱ䣬ܵĥʱ䡣
ʱ룬ԷҪֵĻ϶ڳ˰ɣ
ΪٲֵĻҪ˳ʴ¹ˣԷòؿĽ
ȴδ
ϸ۲ɵһһע⵽˫жѾѪ˿ʱ򣬷ʷעеʱ
ѣһ־Ҫɵġ
ԣڵȣȶԷʼиʱ
ʮʱ䣬ôҲиˣվǻиʱǾʱ䡣
˵ʱ䣬˵ȴĸʱ䣬ҪһٻɱĻӦ㹻ˡ
׼ȫ
Ѿڿʼħ
ǰʱ䣬ϢӣʱעΧȴδʲôж
̿ʼ߶ԼΧһһķЩ϶ֶŰԵ
óǸȫ˲ţĵϳ̶ȶܸߣΪܹһ·ʴ¹ߵһ
˵Щ϶ʲô
Ĺ޷͸ЩϣҲɱԷ
ֻǻ΢һѡ
ʱ䡣
ûзƣȫ״̬΢ɳΪȷǿ߶δ۷壬ʱ򷢶ƵĻҲ޷ʱ֮ڽɵˡ
һ㣬ɻĵġ
Ҳʱȴڶˡ
ħ˷ӿ֣һɵĸ
һĻһû뵽ԼǸĶֻԼͬһģһǸӣ
Ȼδ̤뵽δףǡ
Цƾ㣬ɱҲɣɺڰ֪㣬ӾͲѡ˳ˣӲ
ɷŭĵۡ
ؿǰˣҲó˲Ŷԣڳѵɱ
ֱΣ
ʱ䣬ΧŰ˲ϣ
֮򣡡
һħֱӴ߶˵ڰ֮ͨȻСοռ֣ڲƹΧɣΧ
Χʱ䣬ֱӾͼһ롣
Ҳ˵ͳȥʣʱأ
һ㣬ɲ֪ͷɫһԽǾʱ俿Խɡ
ܹҲһʱڷ
ȻֻҪöԷܵѹͺá
һħ߶֮һħǴ߶بżģ޽֮գҪֱӹԷڣһħʩչ֣֮ҪԷ
ֻϧԷڵķҲǷǳλ޽֮շبżģûа취ԷڵĵݻٵبżԷյ
⵹ǳԤϣȻҲʲôǵļһȻֶΣֱӹڵᱻյ
յЩ֮ûд棬ֱ˳ЩľȻҲһϣ׵ı
Ųˣ
һЦͬΪ壬㻹֪ҵɱң㻹Ǻѡ˳
ȴûжԴκλӦ
ʴ¹ɱͬ࣬ûʲôر̵ĸд壬Ͳֱ֣öԷȫ˳ˣԷȴɡ
ӦҪ˸ɵǾ;Ҫ˸ɵ
ڴ߶ӡֶΣ׼ȥĳȫ¼
ģԼͳʴ¹ʣһʱ䡣
ʵϣǻʣĸʱŶԣΪ֮ĴڣΧʱ䶼һ롣
֪ģҲˡ
ħ߶ľ֣֮ԷշµϸֵûκεƻãϾ֮ȫǸֶΣ˵ûС
Լȡ˽ɫСԴƷһɵѸɼȥ
һʱ䡣
ĿɫС۳һɫ⣬̶̵һʱڣ㽫Χϸˡ
ԴƷϧˣ
̰ĿеԴƷȻȻһ·ڼȴδöٽûеõԴƷĺö
ڽУǱȽǿܹġ
ڵУֶսʤ˶֣ȴûܹɱ٣Ҳûеõʲô
ΨһõĽһ似ϧʱڲɡ
ɼʵУҲʾĽѣ˵Щģһʴ¹֮Уվƽȥˡ
ȻܿȻˡ


1544 ˪
Ȼˡ
Ϊʮʱ䣬ڵˣȴСοռУûбͳȥ
ⲻԾ
ҲȷɺȻʱ֮Уܹڷˡ
˼Ѫ
ȫû˿ΪȷһܹɳɱöԷ˿ͳʴ¹ȥ
˼Ѫȫ¶͸һѪ֮ɫ˿ѪȵӣͬʱֳŽɫСѾܹӳа˳ɵ
⻹
⣡
ǽɫСеİ˳Ȼ߶似⣬ֱӽǰ˳۳һâ
һâֱӾͱԭڳɼȥʱȻڲǿܿﵽ屶
似Ŀֲ֮
İ˼Ѫ;ȻɫСԴƷıҪ֪ƾڵΪֻܹӳһɵġ
ǰ˼Ѫ;ıܹĹƣԼƽʱ״̬ǿʮ
Ǹֲ֡
ҲΪˣһȫ󲻵֡
ոգ߶ɫСƣֻƵϣڣһɫâȴǾֱƵʣ߲ϣֱӽ͸ȥ
ݻ١
Ȼ֮䣬ӦѾٵ˵
޽֮գ
Ŷ޽֮գɱبżķԷںȻһֲ
ڵﶼݻٵ£ܹĹȻҲǲٶˣһ£ը˷飬ͷϵİɫâҲɢ
ʴ¹⵽ѾȻٽͳȥˡ
һиɵɡ
ҪĻأһʵ̫ھˣѰܹõ飬Ҫ֪δ׵硣
ɾͶӣԼʱ䵽ˣΪԼҪͳȥˣȴ֪ľ֮ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ֱҪɵ޷뿪ʴ¹ˡ
˵ʵô˵Ҳ徫ӢôɱˣЩθеġ
θֶȴӰ첻ж
Ϊǰɱ֡
ɱ飬ѾϰߵԸӣңɱǸɱ֮ˡ
ɱɱ֮µʵһ˵Ѿǿֲˣ˵һǺء
ɱ֮ľҲǷ
֮ǰȻɣʵڽŸּ㣬Ҫζֲܰٷ֮ɱɣڿ֮ǰļûгĺǣֵһö쾧һƷĴ֮֮ˡ
Ϊ˰˼Ѫ֮Сܵ˺ܴˣҪһöֲܹ֮
Ҫ磬治ҾѰ˼ѪȫΪʵ̫˷ˣǸո£һиһ㣬пܱԷѡ
ҪҪĵһö쾧һƷĴ֮ȫԼǿһлΪԴƷɫСĻ㹻ǿ
ҪȻȻǷʮҲһܹ˳ɵ
оһɫƿЩϣ͸ʱһֹҪյһ⣬Ϊһʵ̫ǿˣ仹գͱݻˡ
ֹ޽֮˵Ǹǡ
ɲŹĻпܻöԷˣĻ鷳ˣΪɿսŵҪȥָ֮ôԸߵء
˵ѧԺĳԱҲæɵӢɵʵҪºֵĻҪ̫ףԶѧԺ
һ֮
һŵ֮еĴ֮ȫ޸Сˡ
С粻ܵˣѾСЩڸܵһЩʲôرЩ壬ǸܵС𵴣Ϊһ𻵵㣬Ƭռ丽
ܿͽǵطĿռѷ޲ˣҪȻĻǿռѷ᲻ţһ£ͱɽȥˡ
Ȼ鷢
ʴ¹õ㹻쾧֮֮쾧һƷ֮ͻʣöҲ˵ʩչ˼ѪĻᡣ
òഴ֮ĻӾ͵ýʡˡ
Ȼȴҡҡͷ
Ѿߵʴ¹һҪʡҲǲˣΪԵÿһ֣ǼΪǿĴڣð˼ѪĻʵԽԷɵġ
ֻǽԷˣȴֲ㡭
ԣؼǵÿȥܵõʲôܹӰ쵽;߶Զء
ɸɵ֮ǰ
˰ɫĻͨİ;ȻּһϾӡ
ȥĶ֣ͻǰǿˣҲ֪˪硢ˣ졭
ҡҡͷûж롣
ϾӣװеĶȻͬ죬ǾȻһöƷ֮
Ʒ֮̺Ĵ֮쾧һƷ֮Ķʮ֮ǰЩתϼϧûתҪôǵʱˣѡ
һö˪ݡ
˪ǱȽϳĴ֮ˣܹﵽƷģȴǰδ˵ö˪ݲ֪Ѿ˶£ص˶ٴ֮ȥ
κδ֮ؼһЩеĴ֮γɵġ
ڴ֮ԽŨĵطЩյʱԽܹΪԽǸƷ׵Ĵ֮
塢һЩǿ֮Ĳ𣬾ڽ֮У֮ĵطࡣ
֮УҪܹ֮ĵطҲֻĸĸУֱǱսšսššš
սţֱռһֻܱ֤֮ս˲ӿ֣һЩܹõ㹻Դɳ
彮彮֮У˿սŶ˲ֹǧٱȴҲֻܸռһ֮
Ĵ֮УǲֳܳƷĴ֮ģֻ쾧Ʒ֮ǼĴڣܹۼսŹѫ
ѾѰܹĶˡ
˵쾧һƷ֮ԼƷ֮
е壬壬塣
Ǻǿ壬ҲΪĽУųʮ֮
֮Խ࣬ȻԴԽ࣬ԼеĺܹĳɳӶǿʵ
ʶǺҪչĻҲҪӵһ֮УҪȻǴ罻ôҲǲԼĵġ
ϾǺУѾǳˡ


1545 ս
ǰ
ȥĶ֣ǰǿˣΪԵʣܹߵһģһǸΪŵһˡ
ԷƱ嵱Уȷ츳ܸߵһԱˣֻ绹δﵽ۷壬Щ߶δ۷ǿ߻һЩѡ
Ҳ֪һ˭
ţֱӻޣŰɫĻγɵͨǰ
ܿ죬뿪ͨһСοռ䵱УȻ֣һξȻȶֻһ
Сοռ֮ɫĻγɵͨرСοռУһͨûйرգӦһֹͨɣ
ͨĿȴЩ֣ǳϷģǸͨһС
üͷ΢΢һ塣
ûΪпһصĶ־ͨڴε
Ż޵״̬ǿʼСĳͨȥ
Ϊͨλã֮ǰʱ򶼲ͬҪһ²У˵ͨǱȽĴڡ
޵״̬£һԷֲĻζֲˣҪɫܿĻֶΣôͣԭҲûκô
ܿ㿿Լͷϵͨ
ȻԼȻǿԽͨģ
֮ǰСοռУǰ֮ͨ⣬߶޷ߵģҲ޷뵽߹ͨС
ڣȴԼͷͨͨȻõģ߻ĵط
СοռУֻôһͨˣһ룬ͨϷȥ
ʵʴ¹УûκĴڣҶǷֲģϷȥҲֻǾһͨǰѡ
ͨܳ
ǰٶҲ
ͨһ·ǰͨ𽥱ÿ
ǰƺһͨһĿռ䣬֮ǰСһòᣬȥĹؿǶ˵˰ɣ
˵Ǹ
ȻǰǶսʱûܹĴڡ
ɫһǻЩֻܹ޵ġ
Ҳҿ϶ԼĻһԼдرսĻ£˭ҪЩļһɵ
̶ܹȵߵУȻһˣδ׵Ϊϲġ
һ⡣
ˣҪǷпܽΪһĿ꣬Щˡ
ڻȷǰǿռ䣬ǲǶ˻սؿء
֮ܶǵȹȥ˵
Ż޵״̬ǰܿͨڸȴǰοռ䣬Ȼʮһͨ
Լһܹʮͨˡ
ʱ˿̣οռѾһЩڻսˣͷġ
һͷ塣
óþ񹥻֮ǰڽʱֱԾ꾵ͷ壬һͷߡ
һͷȻͷɫ
壬ɱģеӡˣȴûԹ
ڽУߣܹģȫǱȽǿ֮еٮٮߡ
ͷɫǰʮʵȻͬ죬ܹڳǿʵѹ֮£ܹһ·ͨеġ
ʱûг֡
֣ܹʮͨڻս壬ȴֻͷ
ͽɫ֮⣬ͷ壬ȴûԹģû壬򡢿ɳһЩ塣
ҲԿɳġ
⵹Щˣһʮͨ۶ɵĻսУȻֻһͷɫģ
ʴ¹ģȫǿߡ
˵еǿӦòŶԡ
֮⣬ͨûг֣Ҳ֪ڻսУǻûйֻѾ䡢ɱ˳ˡ
֮ܶڶЩҳȥˡ
ΪǽɫڳУҪ֪֮ǰɫǿĴڣɫɫҪǿҿһģмĿܣĻҲᱻһ
ûгͨûɶΣա
ԼͨеôлսЩߣ϶Ҳǿģֻǣ֪ʴ¹򲻿Ƴһطս
룬ܹһֱЩͨС
ڻս˵ʵ̫ƽˡ
ôʱԺͻȻһƺب֮䣬ַ·Ǵĵ׷һʱᱻ͵ǰսУ
һ
Ҫȥˣֻһ׼ʱ䣬ֻǸ취ˡ
ûκΰ취ֻܹħ
ΪԷ޷ĸǱħģԣֻҪ㹻ħܹı屻ֵĿԽͺܶࡣ
ЩħȫԻ޵״̬ǻս
Լʴ¹Ͼսпܸսвãֻѡ˳ʴ¹ˡ
˵Χ£ҪǶþĻ϶ֱܹӽЩһȫ
ʴ¹Уȴ̫ҶþⶫϾⶫʴ¹һйصģ飬˽⻹̫ˡ
֪սж˻ųȥ˵Ҫսʣ¶˲أ
ţͬʱСħ
ܹģҲֻʣħˡ
Σյ£Ҳֻѡ˳Ȼֿʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ䶼ֵˣǾҲֻѡˡ
˵оﶯþ̫ᷢõ飬ܵв£Ҳܲôˡ
һʱڱһĨ׹֣Ŵ͵ͨǸսУ
ʱ򣬳ͷ壬һּΪŵĻս״̬Уֱͷ塢ͷ໥սָս
ͷߣɫһ֮Ȼͷ̬ŹֵѹƵһжͷ
ֵλãڽɫ
ϢǣһͷɫĶ֣ѾӣͷѾ˸ŰããĹâ
ڽɫҽ֮£ͷһѡ˳ʮͻᱻͳȥ
֪ɱһֽʲôȻԷͳǰɱƺ̫ԲԼˡҪ˽ɫҪɱļһܿɫ׷ɱ
ͷɫͲ
ǣᣡ


1546 ͷ
˵ǺܺõĻᣬôһͷ˵
ոձ͵ȥֱӰѸո۵ʮħȫ˳ҽǷɢУΪն
ȻЩħҲŻ޵״̬ȷĻУ϶ĳһЩħͱĻ״̬
ǿҲûãΪӷܹʮһǲĻǸֱ治ġ
Ϊħ֮ıܹͨط۳ķһģһģ꣬ǸһϢ
ոմͽֱӳѾѡ˳Աߡ
⣬ɱ
˲䷺بżģȻ۳ΪϮȥ˲ϣ
ɫ׷ɱһһо˽ɫϡ
ͻȻԣûӦֱӱľУ͸һӣǳɫѪҺʱɽ˳
δȥ
̱һǳɫķϣԣҲϳźȥ
ɫۿԼͷȻǷŭ쳣Ȼֻδ׵ĲΣȴûκεӣûȰɵǼģ߷
ʣʱ䡣
۾ͻȻı˼ƻ
սзǽɫǿһЩôܸԸߣ
ĻԼ϶Ҳ
ֱӴ߶˾֮ͨ޾ڲƹڳУ˳㽫ģԵʱٶһ롣
ԽɫبżĴ߶Ծַɫ
ͬʱɫһͷߣҲŽɫƣȻҪûֶԸɫ
֮ǰûģ壬һһڼһ֣ҪЩн
乥ƼΪõȫǽϵ̫֮
ڽɫ˵ôĹƣҲκβ
ĹƣҪö࣬ȴԽɫɲʲôӰ죬ǰεĽɫ϶޷ƿ
͸˵ԽɫĹˣǲʹڰоĪɻҽˡ
ɫôһ㣬ûȥ׷ɱģߣתȥֱӶǽ巢˹ƣҫĹ򣬳ǽϮȥȻڿʱȻ
ʱ䣬ɫǽֱӱ˿ȥ
Ȼ󣬽ɫͳģ·ƣһ£Ƹңϵ̫֮˷ӿͷģ壡
Ҳ˿ȥȻǽɫҪʱ䣬ѶԷ׸ɵöԷлܡ
ȴһϲ
û֪ھ֮ʱЧ£Ҫ˳ʱ䣬㱾ǽɫΪֻʣ
˵ܹʱһˣ
ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ģ岻Ϻ󳷣Ҫ㿪ɫĽȴɫȫԸʼͷס·ֻӲ޷ܣ
ڽɫĺը֮£ģˣʱ䣬վ̫һ㡣
ɫûܹɱ
ֻҪٸһʱ䣬ضܺɱһϧΪĳ֣ýɫ˰ģģģ并Ӳд
ģ˿Щмˡ
Ȼһ̣ڽɫЩϧûɱ֣˿׼ͳȥʱͻȻƣһħͬʱ֡
ģ޽֮գ
ɫС⣡
Ȼûа˼Ѫȴ֪ԷиѾɫ˵ˣûκηͽ䱸
ɫСɵĹȻƿն˲佫룡
Ĵ߶޽֮գǽԷ׷ӡסȻڱֱӽĳ״ݻ٣
֮򣡡
ʧȥз壬Ծ֮β峹˽ȥ
֮ӵֶεģþûжˣΪʴ¹УʵǺжֶεĻᣬȴպúʣҪŸտʼսսƻ
Ҫ֮ǰĵУû취þ֮ȥЩǿߡ
ǿߣֻбݻģŸðȥԸԷ
֮ǰʱ򣬶ûжٴĻᡣ
ͷ֮ľ֮ƺǿһֲ֣ƵʱõһȻ࣬ȴܹо֮ǰĲ
Ͼɵ߶δ۷壬ǿ仯Ļ֮ҪҲʵ̫Щ
ɵ塣
Ȼ͸оƺһصӿ뵽Լڣһͨƺõǿ
ͨǾϢôõͨ
ԭͨûľ̫Ѿڵˣڱǿ֮ƻƺܹ˰Ӱĳ̶ȣ
ЩȣսĽȻ˵ô
ţͼǽɫޱȵķŭϾġͷʧȥһĻᡣ
ʣɫƺɱһ֮󽫻õĶ˽⣬֮ǰѾɵһ˰ɣ˼Ҫɱ
ǣȴղ֣յͷ
Ȼɫ֪Ϊʲôʮʱ仹δͳȥȴ֪ĹΪ͵սʩչ֮ʱ͸ܵһֲʱ١
ʱЧ屻ӻͳȥ˰ɡ
ֶΣʵýɫЩ𾪵ġ
Ҫڲδ׵ΪҪʴ¹ǿĶˣϧδ׵Ļʵ̫ˣʮĻýɫҪ
ڣȴһͷʧȥһͨĻᣡ
ɫ쳣ջʱΪһĿ꣬ϵ̫֮Χ˲ɫɱҪը
ԶԷĹƣûκλţĴ߶Ӱ֮ͨһλ״̬
Ȼɫܹʲôطˣѡ˻ޣΪԷ֪λãҪ˺ҲҪȰ޿ռС
УкܶħħɱԵĳŽɫɹȥ֮ѡԱ
ɫֱǳžһħ巢˹ƣħһˣȻֱͬ롣


1547 
жʱ򣬽ɫû취׷ˡ
ΪȷһıͬʱԱħҲ˺ܴ鷳Ȼʴ¹Ա˺ܶ౶ȻԱƻǷǳ˵ġ
ħԱ֮󣬳б㱻޾ĸסˣɫγױھĵС
ҪͻƳ϶ҪһЩʱġ
ᣬƺͷ󣬵Ȼ˲֪һħֱȫɢ˿ȥ
Ӱοռн䣬Щ߶ʲô뷨
һ֮ûһ֪һڶοռеսǳҡ
ڲȷܹջʱЩûһԸð¶ķգȥԸЩħϾһ¶κͺпܿʼƣձնɱ
Ҳ׼ȷжڻսЩ
ûдȷֵĻ϶Щ߶ҪɱᱻһƶġͷɱͿԼͨ
ϧǣϤЩߵ뷨
ˣЩħ˼ãЩ߷׷׶ʧȥ뷨ҪɱҲڡ
άЩħҲҪļԷһöָҩȻЩħҲԷһöָҩ
սĻܹά״̬һʱ䡣
սĻͱٱħˡ
еħԽ٣϶ԽΣգֻҪħʣ£߾ûôװĿϡ
Ȼһ⡣
Ǿǽɫ
ոһͷͷɫķŭǲ¶ģϾֻʣһ壬в
ԣûãɫʹһĵг˳һ貽âУ䱳Խɫ˲չ
ɫëΧɢȥ׵ıħıѾܹķΧ֮⣬΢˿
ħ״ֱӴ߶ħ壬ҪֵסԷĽɫë
ϧǣЩɫëĴ͸ԼǿȻħķѣȴȫֵסЩɫëĴ͸һ̣ħϱѾǧٿˡ
ڣħħ֮ҲǱȽϼӲĴڣûоƻȻѸٿʼ
ܳŶþͳŶðɡ
֪ԼǽɫĶ֣սеĻɱǲлĻҪɱһЩߣԼÿһͨǿ
Ȼ뷨еˣҪ֪ɫᱻͷ˵ˡ
ңո߽ɫǸͷȫΪû뵽оֶ֮ΣԼΧʱ٣ֶͬʩչĻ϶ܳɹˡɫȻѾ֮Ĺܡ
ĹŲӰսȭڣ
ʣµɢΧħֱ۳ϰٸĹŲӰȻЩĹŲӰߴ߶˿սȭڣ
һĻЩ߶һ
ЩĹŲӰʩչĿսȭʵûʲôвǼҪᣬǱУҲκεˡ
ԣЩ߶ûЩĹŲӰĿսȭڣǼ༤ҵսš
ȴ֪ЩսȭڲһҪɱĿֻ꣬ҪĿܹ꣬һսƣ
ֻһħϵĿսƵӵһٶʮ㣡
ڶõӿսսˣΪǰЩţûнսĻᣬȫڳ䵱һʺĽɫ
ΪбսľƣΪһսȭڣ΢ı仯
Ǳͷս
ͷ߸Ϊս໥֮䱣΢ƽ⡣
ǵʩչһ֮󣬿սڳбͷ֮ľҲʼ仯Ϊһͷ߾Ȼܹ۳пսģǿ
ͷߣһģĴڣϲû٣ǹŹ֡
ߣ̧˫ֱ㽫пսյڣȻ³˲佫һͷһֱǣ߸У
ɴһӦͷùıսȥߣžܵͷߵΧΪԱֳԼơ
ҪȥԿܲһͷģȴܿ뷨
һɫı˹һǾģ߾Ȼѳ߸߸ֱͳıħ˿͵Ĺƣ
˵ܵĽ
ɫ֮ԳΪˡ
ڽɫħȴѾϣֱӳŽɫʩչ޽֮ա
һħģһħǶɭħģԶԽɫľƻ
һֶΣȻɱ˽ɫȴҲܹ赲һĲ
ħֱ׼ӭǾģ߷һ߸СˣЯ޾Ŀս֮Щħ
Լ˫΢΢һУȻ򲻹ЩߣȴûɸɲһС˷ɣ
ħȡͬĶǾʩչͬ໥֮
ÿħܵͬһӽǷΧڵС˵Ŀսȭâȥţһħϣֱȡ
ƣ
˲תһӱС˷ʹС˷׽壡
ǹǸħϵġ
ͬʱǸħϣһöзֱӶĸС˷ڵĵط۳ˮϵ̫֮ᱬ
߸С˷ȫ
ʱǸħϽ޾ƷսһӾΧЩ߾ãǶȻıˡ
ɫһǸħ
һߵͷߣһʱ侹ûˣΪǱΧߣͷѾ˸Ű׹⣬Ȼѡ˳ˡ
ʮʱ䣬Ǿڵͷ壬ҪǱΧ߳׸ɵ
ûȥ֡
һԱԵĽ壬ȻҲڳԼħϮȥƺͼõԼġͷϧǸħȫŪġ
ԳƺħΪƻеĵһ
ƻĿ꣬ȻҪЩһȫɵ˵໥ɱҪվƻʵʩѶȣڣһƻѾɹ


1548 
ļƻȻҪһЩ塣
ļƻ죬ҴѾĿǰõѡˡ
һħԼע˹ȥ
ȻǱʶжڳм䵱ŽʺĽɫڳиλô߶ᣬƵķʽϺֱײ
ң֮ǰЩ߶δסδ׺ڰҲȫ˳ҵ˸ԵĶ֡
оƲʡ
ͷΧ壬ѾʮʱδܹȥȻ󣬾ͼͷģߣϾȻһƬ⡣
Ƭ˸ʱ򣬳߶ȥĪ
Ϊ˶ܵģߣϢڲ;Բǹͨǿܹ͵ˡɱ䣬
ڣģ߱߶δ׵ĴˣĻǡ
񾳽硣
У׷ģԶ뿪ȥΪȫʶһﾹȻڻɱһ֮󣬵õ˽Ļᡣ
ɱ֣ܵõᣬ̤񾳽硣
СͨʱĶýһɻĵط
ΪǴɣС˼ƺȷġ
ֻҪؿɱ֣ܹ߶δ׵ĲΣľ磡
Ǿģߣ˺üźڱȫûڳϣȫ丽СķΧڡ
ţһϲϷ׹⣬סʱĽɫâ
˳ȥ
ڶߺټƽһȻⳡǲǵһμˣƺ֮ǰҲĳǿߣɱ֮󣬽ȥˡ
ΪȤˡ
ΪڵδףɱĻҲֱ̫ľɣ
ϾлؾأؾҲôģοЩܹ֮Ϊԭ;ֻһֻˡ
ֻҪлԵܹ̤񾳽磬ʴ¹򣬾ǸһԵ
ôҲֱ̤񾳽ġ
⵹ҪܹɱʲôĽ
ԭҪأûʲôԵõˣо˳ڿŬƴһƴ·ʧȥĻᡣ
ϾȥĻԵͨǿЧ
ֻҪɱһ֣ʴ¹ܽһͨǿζòĻᡪ˭֪ǿͨԭʲôʲôǿġ
ԣ˻ʧòŬȥˡ
Ȼֻδ׵ʵȫܹɱЩ߶δ۷ߵģȻҪһȽϺõĻˣҪȻĻΧЩ߿϶Ҫɱġ
Уոһ˳һֻʣˡ
ɫ壬Ǳ߱Ǿ徺ͷߣⳡսȻβ
ɫͽ壬һһ£ֱӽħΧסȻֲк£ⱬɢ˲佫ħ״ݻٵ
Ȼħ֮һҪͷ嶼ûиᣬʩչǿֶΣħ֮Ķ˿
ܿ죬Ƿħ
ΪħѾ׷飬ʣˣ֮κһûеõͨǿ
ңħҲţͱı岢δɱ
ڣֻʣħˣһ壬ȶԸĻֻ֮һĸܹɵοǻȷǷʲôֶΡ
ɫԿ϶Ӱ֮УΪȷвκ߿Ƥӵء
ߣͲܹȷˡ
أ
ھƶ˵൱ģ٣ЩһﲻǵһĿˡ
ɫһ˼㳯ŸһħϮȥһ㵽ħǰҪɵ
ɵһħԽɫ˵Ҳʱ䣬ԣҪһһɨ
ʱ䶸
ڸոһͷ߷ˣսУȻͷߴ˽
ͷߵʱ򣬳ԭȫЩ𾪺ͽΪ½һͷ壬ȻҲ壡
ԭսоͻһͷ壬һȻǽ֡
սĻ˭ֵģûκʣ֮ôĳޣеʱվҪȷһš
ҲѡʱɵɵģǻֶԸ塣
ǱȻģ
ԣʵȻǿ
ͷ壬Ȼ˲һ໥սһƺ໥佻ʲôȻڴ
ܹоͷ壬ΪǿͷĻ϶Եֵġ
ԣЩ仯
սͷڣн塢ܹͷ壬׷װעеͷϣƺҪʱͷɵ
ֻнɫ·ΪǸħ֡
ɫⱬǧɫУ˲ħˣһΣɫѾ֪Ҫ฽ħ֮ģֱӾûᣬħ֮ĸƻˡ
ħʣĸ
δǣΪѾ뵽һܹ뿪İ취
Ȼͷ壬ôͿԳһ¹ʼʩˣ֮ǰһУɱĸֵģֻҪõ˵ڻܸɵͷ壡
ǿ󣬶˵ͷ϶ǼΪ鷳Ĵڡ
˵ͷֱ콵
ٿʣµĸħȻԼҲһ𣬿Ų·һֱӳһ˹ȥϾнɫɨħܺ
ɫŲæ׷
ķȴպͷ弯׼ֵĵطͷǰһ
Ƕɵϣͼ˸ոսɫƻħһĻȫ֪ħҪںδ
ǡðźˣĸħպþͷ΢еľ룬ҪǸӹȥϾнɫ׷ţڻŲ·ҲǺ顣
壬ĸħ֮У΢ͷԶһ㡣
һ˵ͷʶĶѡħйĻԽЩһֱӵͷĸ
Щ岢ûôİȥж


1549 ⴫
ͷ壬и˼
Ȼͷߣֱӳžħ˹ƣͷߣȻ˾ߣԶ巢˹
ȻǲµڵǱӣʲôҲˡ
ΪĻͷϿ϶׹Ŷԡ
ǿ֮вͷ߿͵Ĺӿ˲佫峹ڡ
ͬ
͸ħͬʱͬɵͬɹЩƶ߰˳ϣȻħ߶ֱӲ˶ԷĹơ
ȻҲһѪ˶ƺЩģ͹ƣֱӳóǰȥ
ķ򣬸պͷڵĵط
ͷ壬⿴ִٵжл᲻թڿǱͷģʲôթĿܡ
ͷû׹⣬Ҳͱʾûз˳
ͷ壬̫ȫԸ
һδףô붼ûʲôвɣ
ƺ໥佻һȻԳ˾񹥻һȻ
ܵõͷĹƲǿģΪǲûҪһιɵ
ЩΪˡ
Էǿֶû취֤꾵ܰѶԷ
ѾǲĽˡ
ûȥʲôǷ·ԹȥˣһֱӱУ˲궼Щ
ʱѾ֮嶼εˣΪľǲҪݾߣԼܶԷĹ
ԷĹǺǿûԷô˵߶δ۷εǿߣֱӰˡ
ľ꣬ʱܵصĳĻԹȥĻˣôȥȴıضĽˣǻӵʶУܾȵ
ҲʱħѾɾˡ
ɫɵһħ֮󣬳λѸ׷˹
ߣҲ׷׿ľشӣҲȫ֪ˣı
ΪħѾȫݻٵˡ
ֻʣһıʲô
رǣɫڳ׷ȥȻɱһ֮󣬾һͷ
ĻᣬûκԸ
ͷ壬ۿıǵĹˣʱһϲȻɫȵȶ׷ﻹ֪ɱһкܴĺô
ûԥʩչ˸ǿľ񹥻ֶΣ
ľϵ̫֮һ긯ʴ֮⣬Ϯ
һߣȻһƿնȴ֮ǰǵǿ˲֪ٱ
Ҫ
գþܴˣΪĲöԷȫԸԼô
ۿŶԷȫһӾ֪ؼʱ̵ˣ
꾵
һʩչֶΣһǳɫӳΧʱһ긯ʴ֮⣬ԼһصľסˣȻ󣬷ʮ˻ȥ
긯ʴ֮⣬ֱǿʮֱͷϡ
ͷʱˡ
ǸոջñȽֶ̽һ£СӸûʲôֿŶ԰ոֶΣشԡ
ǶõֶΣҪǿˣȻֵס˻
ͷ壬ȫ״̬ǸֶϵȵֱſҪֵסĹơ
ȻԼʮ
ԼΨԼˡ
һ̣긯ʴ֮⣬ֱӽһͷ곹׸ʴ϶ûֵܹã壬һӾͱÿήˡ
һߣҲֱӽһͷֱӴ͸ʹ䳹飬ûκοָܻԭ
ֻһ˲飬óƳױ仯
ߣͷɫڣȻһֲ̫õԤУȴû뵽ֶΣֱӽͷɵˣ
ȫǵԤϡ
ȻãпϷδ׵ʵݵóʲô
ȴû뵽Сӻôһ֡
ȫͣ׷ĽŲ
ڵոոɵͷЩһʱ֮仹治̫ǰˣͷ꣬Ѿ顣
׹꣬ʴ¹ͷˣ֪ʲôطȥ
϶ǻزȥ彮ˡ
ʬ壬ʴ¹ա
Ҳڸܵ˻ɱõĽͨǿĸоһϮ
Ȼûʲôܣһ㽫װ
߶δ۷ܾõߣΪһĲξ硣
ڲδ׵ΪͲֱ̤ˣով룬ҪɱֻõЩʲô
𰸺ܿҪˣ
⽫סˣȻԼ磬ûһ˿һı仯
ԼȻʼ壬һɫâУȻһɫâĳδ֪ռ䴫˹ȥħ֮Ķ׷ֽ⡣
ţʶ㳹ɢĴ͹̵У˼
ҪȥĶ
ʧȥʶ֮ǰһ̣š
뿪֮ǸսеսԶԶûн
ÿֻҪͷ˳ֻɱ뿪ͻͷ߽ս򣬼սʼձа˵ʮߡ
ҪĻսУԼͬʱɱ֣Ѷȿ϶൱ģҲǸպͷ壬ܹԼıóѡ
ҪȻĻ˵ҪɱּǲܵˣϾ̫ͣСˡ
뿪֮սһ塣
壬Ȼ죡
ΪԵʣԭЩߣرͷɫһͳĹƣҲһʱˡ
ԼѵǵЩ岻ɣսͳԼΧ
˼⣬Ҳ䣬ϾҲ߶δ۷ΪңҲԼĵƣ
٣ܾ˳ȥˡ
ڴ͵Ĺ̵С
ʴ¹֮⣬ڵĳ֡
ȻǺݺ¸ˣʱҲûг֡
ݺ¸Ůʴ¹еõ˺ܶ࣬Ůڽѡ˳ڽУҲɱһ֣õ˻֣Ҵ˲ӡ
ô˵Ůȥֻ֮ҪϢһ£ֱӾ̤뵽߶δ׵ľˡ
Ѿֻʱˡ
ڣûг֣ŮԽԽ


1550 
ɫâ͵Ĳá
ʴ¹֮⣬׼ڣȴһ˸֡
ɫâֵʱ򣬳׼ŵ񸡻ʱǰһ
˳񣡡
ڻûдʴ¹гֵģ޷ǾֻʣôʮԽ˭Ϊ񣬻ҲиԵĲ²⡣
֤һεʴ¹󣬽Ž
Ϊ֮Ȼʴ¹мսˣǻᱻͳ
˶׼еȴţʱȻ˳Ϊ񣬲ڴܹŻȥĻۺʵͻ٣
ʴ¹򳹵׽֮󣬸һڡ
ڣ½ͺȥ
ÿʴ¹ǲ֮ͬ½սҡ
ҲΪʲôʴ¹нĲҲܹʴ¹гΪ񣬵֮еȴʼôһ
Ȼʴ¹½ڣʴ¹ر֮
ڻкܳһʱ׼
ڣ¸衢ݺٶˣҪ˭Ϊµ
˸󣬳ǰһ޾Ů˪
ѧԺ˪ȫԡŽɫâȻɾľ磬˵ҰУòиֳĽɫ
ܹİ˲μεʴ¹򣬵ܹģܹʮ
ܹǰģʮ
˪Ϊеٮٮߣܹ̤񣬵Щ˵ԤϵеģϾԭѾ߶δ۷徳磬κܽˡ
ټϣ˪ߴͨѾ˺ǰĽ߽߳ǿڡ
սʴ¹˪ܹΪӮҲǺ顣
ǣΪ񣬾ʹܳΪʴ¹Ӯ
⣬ԶԶһء
˪ԡڽɫâг֣Χ˷ܵ΢̣ЦһЦ
ҳɹˡ
˪ܵԼӿȵģԼǶĿֲиֳŵɫ
Ϊ֮˽⵽ڲ֮󣬻һ½ڡ
ǸڣҪôμӣҪôͻʤҪô
˵μǸõģܹסǣڵĽʵ̫ڷˣκ壬κ񶼲ܾܾ
Ȼÿһʴ¹ڽһ
һʲôȷء
˪ӽгֲ֮󣬺ܿһ⣬׼˸֣˷ܣһ˹ȥȴֵ
ݽ㣬ȻҲɹˣ
ݺ¸Ů֣ʱͿһʯͷҲˡ
ŮرǺݺرһˣǾ
δ׵磬ܻôԶ
˵ʴ¹ĵѾҪβˣЩԽԽĳ֣֪Ƕɱֲųġ
ɱ֣ôȻ˱ɱ
ڶûòڵб˸ɱ˰ɣ
΢ϰһԼڵȻ˪һЦǱʶֻһ뿪ѧԺѣ츳˪ǻҪǿģ˪Ϊ
ƺǸܵ˺ݺ¸ĵǣ˹Ůο˵İɣСûôҶΪˣĳɼҲǲ֪δ׵ΪڻսɱֵĻõʲôĽ
˵ĻΧ˶ЩΪȻ
Сӣܸȣ
˭μʴ¹˻϶֪ģʴ¹ʱδ׵磬ôû϶˰ɣ
ȻֻǲܵǴǵ˵飬ûκ塣
ôȥͺˡ
óģҲóˣûģ˶ҲԶˡ
֮Уйģйûгġ
ΪֹȷģЩпܳΪ˵Увûгֵġ
ɣ졣
սŵľųڻӵĳҪ˵ܹɾ˶ŵġ
ڶûг֡
û֪Ѿˣ
飬ڳˣκ֪
ʴ¹з飬ԶΪ֪˻ų֪Լ֮⣬˵Σ˭ҲŪ
ûгУôĶᱻ֪
彮У˪½֣ҲΪ׷ʴ¹еš
ǲܸ˪жٽ¸ͺݺֻǸ㽻̸һֱ뿪ˡ
ΪȥкҪ顣
½һ㶼ȽգУÿһֶ֮⣬ȥĿԾҪ߳ࡣ
Խȥ񸡻Ҫ˪رָǾϤ֮á
£Ȼûʲôʱȥǣȥġ
뿪Ⱥ֮
ݺ¸ĵĵһֱڣİΣݺΪģһôõ¸裬Ҳǵ֪ôˡ
ôģܸı

˭֪ڵѾһɫâ͵һδ֪ĵط
طΧ鲼Žɫâ·һĿռ䡣
ռУɫڣǱ˽ɫС
壬ڴͽ֮ȫˣħ֮Ķһ˿顣
ڵЩ£֪͵طʴ¹ҪʲôҪ֪ɱֵģƺΪӦǱͳʴ¹Ŷԡ
ȴôһɫĹŹֵط
ûԭظɵţڽɫвǰҸЩɫ뿴ЩɫǷĳ֮Լա
֣ܿЩɫȷһ
ȴǼΪǿڵԼܹģҲֻա
بżҶܹЩɫʲôͷ
һȻ벻׵ġ
ԺƺһָŽɫƺǰǰʱоԼľ֮ͨƺе㲻̫Ծ
ռ֮ľ֮ͨ·𱻷ӡ޷һ
ռרŷӡͨǣռеʱ䣬ƺһʮֹ״̬ѹסľ֮ͨҪ֪ڵľ֮ͨӵʱټЧġ
Ϊˣռ侹ȻаѾ֮ѹסˡ
⵽ôһŹֿռ䣿
ʴ¹Լ͹ЩʲôĿģ
˼⣡
ֻܲǰܿ죬ڼ˳˽ɫƺĶ


1551 λ
ǰģһ͵ʯ
ʯΧȻߣΧʯ֪ʲô֮ܶûκһжģǾֹһ
һģЩߣûһҲûһ߶δ۷硣
ȫδ׻δ׵Ϊ
嵽жٸ
ΪЩΧɫϷڣζڵԼԼ
д߻ûмģһɫĴֲͷɻԽԽ﾿һط
͵ʯоΧʱ٣Ȼڲϼ
ңʱٶȣ߶֮ɵʱټҪصö࣬ԽǿʯʱپԽǻ
ۿôߣԼ඼Ρδ׵ľ磬Χʯֹӡ
оԼ·𱻳һӡ
ڣǰȴֲˡ
ӲͷƤϷǰȥڽɫ֮УʱԽԽ
Ȼ󣬵ȵʯԼһʱʱٷ·𳹵׵ľֹˣ
ˣǴһʲôһȻһ磬磬ʯȻǰɫҲȻӿڡ
ֻЩԭΧʯֹǣȴʧˡ
Ƕʧˣǡ
һ·ոռһһӾʯĵطֳƺʮֺڴΧĳ
ÿһͷߣƺǸոռ䡣
Ҳһ
֮ǰЩһʯֹˣȴһոռӡ
ǡʱ
ȫ㲻ףʱ٣ǼصĴڣΧǣ㲻һ㡣
ȺУ˼壬壡
ȷ⼸ţԲǸԼͬһʴ¹ģȫûм
һĳ࣬ƺһһ룬вŶȻһһǳеԼ𣿲еԼеҶ΢Ӱӡ
ȷǼһԲ졣
첻Ҷ΢
ڽɫڵУǸܿʹǰʧˣҪѰǼһټȴʼûܹҵԷ
⡭
ĵԸӡ
ţͷϸҶ΢һһö̫ӡ
øҶ΢е񣬵ƺ
ֱˡ
Էʲôˣ
ôȥ룬벻ͨ⾿ôһ¡
Ѿʧȥ˶ԷټҪŸոնԷֵĵطɹȥڽɫƺУԼȻû취ж
Ϊһжͻ뵽ʱϲ㵱С
ᷢʲôȫ޷Ԥϡ
ƺԼֻҪŲһ룬ͻᵽһԼʱ䵱ȥ
ʯÿһС򣬾ȻŲͬʱӣ
Ȼʲôֻһָо
ԣҶ
ʯûйȥãͷʯϾȻɢųɽ⣬ΧÿһϣҲͬˡ
ƺʲôڲϳڶ
ǶûΣ֪УһֶԼǿܹõԼĻԵƺһ
ܿ죬һԺ
컯Եλ
Ⲣǰ˸֣һƺʯڸһ顣
Ҳ˵ڵõһ컯Ե
ھ飬ڵλ
λʲô֪Ǹйء
ܿ죬ͷ֣ΧЩߣһڱ֮󣬾ȻܲסЩʼ
Щߣÿһδδ׵Ϊ̤ʴ¹ĳŴڡ
ǣ޷׷ױ
ϸסͷģһ壬ϧǳˣʼûټ
ܿ죬ڽ£Ҳɥʧ̫˼
Ϊʵ̫ǿˣ
ܹնõĻǼֲĴڣҪȴô׵飬ѸϮȻ䱾Ҫ򡭡
ǣȴʵ̫ǿˡ

ֻ֪֪ҪܲסʱڵľȴȻһ˿
ʱŷ֣ԼھռɫʯҲЩƵĵطٴϢ˵Ķ
ܲסʱ򣬾֣ȻܲסĽȫ˽ȥ
Ǿھ
֪ǣյЩҲ֪յʲôطȥˣȫܲڣҲ֪浽ʲôط
һʱ
ʱ
䣬ܹʱгǧţܹģȻһٸ
֪ЩļһǸһӵо֮Ǳôǿ
ǺߵĻЩһҲʵ̫̬Щ
Ҫֻ֪Ǽ˰ʱͼֲסˣһʱǾЩ
ʱʱȥеĽɫǱõȥ࣬Ҳдˡ
ּǳԼҶ΢壬ԷеԶȻԷҲѾԶԶͶһЦݣһ˸
ģо⡣
Сӣʲôˣ
ʶԼһ
˵ôôԼ
ļסдǽٸߡ
УһͷеһͷҲһͷ嶼һŴȴ֪һʱġ
ҲǹȥҲδ
һ뵽üͷ΢壬һԶԼˣ̲ס뵽Сӣѵδģ
ϧԷ޷н
ҪȻĻǿԹȥѯһ
û˼̫ãлʣ½˴ʱǿɫʯٴηųɽһΣûʲôǹ
Щ⣬ųнˣȫŽɫʯ˹ȥ
ǰһ˱Ѿλãƺǵ˽ɫʯλȥ
ΧȫǲýΧƺѾʧˣûиܵκ˵Ĵڡ
ȻΧЩ·һɫӡǣ𽥳ĶͷϿӡ˹
һɫӡǱνλ
ܹ̤εĹؼڣ
ô˵νĽˣӵһɫġλ
Ե컯λ
ȷǣߣԲͬʱ䣬ƺɫʯֻܷһλ԰Բͬʱ߶ۼһһԷλˡ


1552 ǧǰ
ǺλǸʲô
еǳΪʸ
õλһܹΪˡ
ôƺõһ˲õֽ׶УûκһӵеģֽɫȻﵱУＫı
иĽɫھء
Ҳ֪ˣܹŹġ
ҡҡͷûж롣
ǽɫӡǣһŻ״ֱӾӡĶͷϣ̣ûа취ֻĿԼͷ϶һӡǡ
ܿ죬ӡǱ㽥ȥˣƺƽʱġ
ҪӡʼͷϣɾͲ̫أʵ̫ߵˡ
ţûپ顣
ƺɱ֮󣬾Ǳ͵ʯڵʱմҵĿռ䣬һι䣬һЩȻɹͱ˻ӡǣҲνġλ
Ȼͻ˸Ž⣬ͳȥˡ
ۣȼıǺݺ¸Ůд˵ǣֵʱ򣬶ʱתΪϲ׷

׼УѾ½
ֱ˪죬磬Լһ˪ޣ˪
½񣬶йȥϤˡ
ʱûг֡
Ѿкܶ˾ã϶ǳˣϾʴ¹ʱδ׵磬ܹͺܲˣҪųϣʵǹãˡ
û֪̤뵽顣
û֪ɱֵ顣
ԣ˭Ǻݺ¸裬о׶༪ˣǵһֱţôŲ˵ֵܹأŮʵǸ˲
ΪǶҪˣûдʴ¹г
ûгΪ񣬵ʴ¹еõ˲ٵĶܹİţľʮҡ
Ծϵʦͼ˺ϣΪ񣬺Ľӡ
һֻڳʼƣûиҼǰλ˺صˣǿŻӻںôһ㶼û̵
ΪƺǱȻ顣
ûܹϼһﻹǺܿĵġ
ΪΪ˾ϣʥŮλöҪˣþϺǷһʱ䣬úҵµʥŮʥŮȴԶԶ硣
þϲٸ߲㣬һֱԹ
ʦϳϣСӽʴ¹гˣȻǼΪϲģ޲ȥϲѶ߾ϵ߲ȥ
ԸΥ
ԡŽǰʱʦͼ˺˾Ǽ˹һȫš
СӣȻû
ԡŽֵģ
ʹţСӲ˳ģǸһ뵽˵򣬲ս׶ɱͷǿߣ
Ϣֱ˾ɥ
һСҲӵ̤Ŀԣ
õǣɢǰδײε
û̫仯Ȼȸսʱؾ磬Ǿƺкܳһξ롣
ʦ˴˿
ˣҪȻΪĻˡ
Ͼʴ¹򶼵ˣûܵõʲôöһҽʱδ׵ΪѾĳɾ͡
ʦת뵽һ⡣
߶δ׵ڵɱ
ôأ
᲻õһЩĺô

ȴȻǲȥʦЩ˵뷨
ֻǳͼݺ¸赣ǵɫΪۡ
ݺڼ˲˹˻ˣΪĳˣôô񶼳ˣ
£˼Ӷ˽˻ġ
Ҳͺݺ§Լˡ
ЩΣ뱧סС椣˫ֶ§סˣԶ
Ҫ֪ںݺҲѾ̤뵽δ׵Ϊˡ
ӻ˵Ҫء
ҲѣŴӺݺϴ㣬ҲһɣǴʴ¹ļҾгˡ
ܿ죬ʹӺݺĿе֪ڵԼһڵ顣
ÿʴ¹ֵڣʤܹõĽǼ߰ģܹıһʵӰ쵽ڸĽ򻮷֡
ܹ뵽еģÿ½
ÿһʴ¹ڵĹҲһԿ϶ǣÿһ½˵ڶмߵΣԣϾֻҪμˣֻлʤֽ֡
֪Ϣ֮úݺ¸ȷϢһ¡
ԼҪȥ񸡻ļǵãǽɫʯʱеĳмܲסɫĹ䣬ձ
Ҫ˽һ£μʴ¹Ӷе֪һЩϢܹйʴ¹Ķ
û뵽ǣûҵ񸡻Ѿҵ
ң֮ǰ½һֱһ
񸡻Уһ𾪣ȻҲû뵽ܹӵɱ֣ԡŽ
Ȼṳ̂뵽ĲΣǣҲҪһġ
񸡻һεڣҲҪһ롭Ȼ֪ΪʲôѾյʴ¹֪ͨʴ¹ʲô
ߣƺû
񸡻Ż˾ȡ
֮ǰڽɫʯڴ˵һ£һǼţǹǳԼҶ΢ˣû˵
˵Ǳ
񸡻һʱɫ𾪡
УѾˣǼţǰʴ¹ŰңǸ࣬δסδ׾ӵս߶δǿʵĿֲš
û뵽ЩžȻʴ¹бˡ
ѵǽɫʯڵĿռ䣬ʴ¹ĵ㣿
뵽һܣʱüͷ΢塣
Ӧþˣûнܹųû뵽ųˣҼôġ
񸡻пһȻ֣ΪʲôܼǰĶӦʱҵĹϵɣֶΣȻЩܹġ
֪ıǼţһһٶʮǰʴ¹ˡ
ЩʷţмصģһǧǰͽˣȻҲûг
ʱ񸡻ûг
ȴû뵽ܹۿЩˣϧǣȺȫʴ¹бˣֲûܳҪȻĻӦԡŽ뿪ʴ¹ġ


1553 
û뵽ɱǳΪ񾳽ǿ߳ˡ
ɱȴǵһʱմҵĿռ䣬˽ɫʯֽɫĿ
ȵǣ񸡻е֪顣
ЩţȻǼǧǰ뵽ʴ¹еţЩţÿһ㾪žޣǳԽ嵱кܶνŵġ
ЩţܲסֽɫӶʵ̫ϧˡ
֪߶δ۷ĲΣͨ˵֮κ߶Ϊ񾳽Ĵڡ
δסδ׵ĲΣ֮ͨ󣬽뵽ǸʱմҵĿռ䣬ȥ
ɹֽɫߣܹʴ¹ĺȥλõһӡǡ
Ӧþʴ¹ѡν鴫ߵֶˡ
УҲֻδףδ׵ʱ򣬾ܳɹͨߣܹΪšʸǻӡǣλ
Ĳ²ûдĻδĺܳһʱ䣬ܹʸǻӡǣλߣܹҲôһٶ
УͰǸúˣͬʱ˻еҶ΢
治֪Էʲôݡ
뵽һܣѲɶԷԼҶ΢Ķӣδʱн뵽ʴ¹ĺĿռ䵱У
ʵ̫Сˡ
Ϊ治ԼҶ΢ôεϵ
񸡻е֪Щ˾ǧǰ֮Щƣûж˵ʲô񸡻İţ׼μӽȥҪеڡ
ʴ¹ÿνôһڣóÿÿ߶޷ܾĽջ½ս
ʤ˵һı
ϧǣǰ漸εʴ¹ڣ½ʵ̫ˣ̫Ѵлʤˣºö½ڵС
Ϊˣϰûʲô仯ˡ
һξͲһˡ
һΣܹ½񣬲һһԡŽֵġ鴫ߡ
нܴе嵱УֻԼԼˣȫ壬֪ԼӦ֮Уеλ֮һ
ǰڣδҲֻôһ˸һõӡǡ
ֽܹɫҪ񾳽ĴڶԿǲܵģҪ֪绹ֻδ׵Ĳζѡ
һֽܹɫҼǻӡǵĻƺܹúǿ
һ㣬֪Ҫʱȥгԡ
ʽʼаµʱ䡣
ˣʱڶ½뿪˵أΪڿʼ֮˶ᱻ뵽ʴ¹еС
˱ѡμڵ½֮⣬ûܴл񸡻ǿߣҪ֮ǰѡ뿪
˵ҲЩŵġ
Ϊ֪Լܷʱ֮ڣֽɫͻӡǣһ㲻úܱ
ƫƫ񸡻ĿУ֪ʴ¹涨֮УҪμӵ˾˶ѡ뿪ΨҪ
ˡ
֪Ϊʲôʴ¹Ĺس֣Ҫڰ֮󣬾͸½ȥЩ½ǿ߽ʵ̫Щ
ҲֻܾȫˣΪӱǲܵˣʴ¹ڸ뿪
һҪСġ
֪һ֮¸ͺݺһε
ŮҲûʲôãǱ뿪ҾҲﲻʲôæģϾҪܶʱȥɫջӡǡ
̣϶ô׵ģҲֻܾΪ
¸ͺݺ֪ʱǲܴˣǣܿһ뿪ʴ¹򸽽Ǻӣֱصλ彮иѧԺȥ
ʴ¹ֻˣõ˱Ƚջٸʵ࣬ľǴ֮ʴ¹жǴײһƵ֣˶ܹõһЩ
Ҳֻʦͼ˺ĵСŻڳʼڸһʲôû̵
ݺ¸ȻҲˡ
Ǿȥ֮ͣʱ䣬ȫ߶δ׵Ĳˣﵽ̶֮󣬽ȥʣµǹ̺ھеǱ
٣ڻ棬ǿȽ᲻١
ﵽ߶δ׽׶Σܹ˵̤еĸ߲㣬µľУʲôһɱǵĶˡ
ֽɫҲô׾ɱǡ
٣ǶӵܹѵֶΡ
ͬʴ¹ĻսУɫҪɱһ֣ôף󻹱ˡͷһûɱɱˡ
߶δ۷εߵУͬҴ󲿷ֶӵиԶص
ܲսʤ֣ȫľ໥ֶ֮οƣԼʱ˺͡
طʤͻȫͬ

ݺ¸뿪֮ʴ¹򸽽ǺӵУ׼ڣֻʣ½񣬻һ񸡻
񸡻ָǸõġ
ֽɫֻܹԼˡ
Уֻʣ߸˴ڣȫȥˡ
ʱʴ¹ڱһǿҵĽ⣬һ⣬ΧǺе½ȫע
һ⣬·ʱֵһ㣬ҫΧǺӵУ
貣κǳȲϵģ̺ŵҲΪ֮
һ⵱Уܹһټ˵ԺС
Ϊ̫Զˣ˶ۼһټģȴǹĳڳ˵С
Ʒ֮
һټУʮöƷ֮ⶫԲܵõĶΪƷ֮Ǵ˵Ķ
һöƷ֮бһ
ЩڵĽˡ
Ʒ֮õĶˡ
м̫̫֮ԴȪ
ӵκһ̫֮ԴȪʹһʵһء
Ƕ˵߱ǿ
ڵǺӣѾӵ̫أҪĶǿǺʵϾʶôǿ壬֪ƾԼһ̤֮뵽ΣҲǺѱסǺӵġ
ԣؼҪǺǿ
ô̫̫֮ԴȪǺҪĶˡ


1554 ͨ
񸡻ĽУ֪߶δͻƵεĹؼǳܵʱ
ʴ¹е׶Σɱ֮߶δ۷ߣܹԡڽ⵱Уһ⣬ʴ¹µĶǵָ㣬̺ŵıǶʱĸ
Ϊǲͻƺֱܾ̤뵽ľ硣
ǰǾѾоܶණ֪ͻƵĹؼʱû̫Ѹܵʱˡ
ҪȥʱҪǿ츳УĶһܹ
֪Щ֮󣬵Щȡ
Լڲܹʱܹ֮ΧʱټƺѾ˵֪
֮ھ
ǷΪǣڵֻҪ̤߶δ׵磬֮ûʲôƿˣ

񾳽ǿߣСﵽ˷ԲһǧСţҪѰ߼Ŀ๦
ܲôٵ⣬ͻΪδס
ҪĹؼǣδ߶ԼõöӡǣҲνġλУԼЩɫҪε
ʱȣ֮£뵽һӡ
ֱӵһԶ˵յУȻٻ˾֮þ֮ԼΧʱ٣һΧʱһ
ʮȥĻ൱ʮʱ䣡
ƺһŶԡ
֮ǰû뵽ǰһԼôԴͳǿʽԼȻû뵽
ҪǾ֮ʱټЧӰ쵽ԼҲô׵飬ΪʱټЧԭǲԼЧġ
ǹĵһʱ䣬Լʱټȥ
һʣһʱȥ
ɫλӦǿǿ֮һˣֻҪܹһ㣬лӽȥ
նһ㣬ȡñȽϺõĳɼ
һ㶼޷գˣΪƾеԸЩ½ȥս
ң񸡻У֪һϢ
ǾǣһΪεĴڣôСбԳһ磬Ϣѭǿ߸ᵣݽߵ⡣
Ҳ˵κֶΣκ似κͨƵʩչ
ң̤֮ߵһͨõһ񻯵Ļᡣ
Ҳǳ֮󣬲񸡻ĿУ֪ʲôͨ񻯡
ǾڵУɱһ֮õͨǿЧǹ̾ͽͨ񻯣ɹ񻯹ͨǡͨ
ܹͨ߸
񾳽磬Ҳֳ߸׶Ρ
ʹ׾һֱǴһһֱ߶
׾ʱǣͬ׶ε񾳽磬еĻǲģ׶ε񾳽໥𣬾ͨ
ӵмͨǼ
ʴ¹Уõͨ񻯵ĻᣬҪͨ񻯣Ѷȼߡ
ʴ¹е½ٶˡ
Ϊ½ɱֶģǶͨ
ʱȶʼˣſʼⷽ⡣
ɱ֣ͬҲͨˣһǾϢǾ֣֮һǻӡ֪ͨʲôı仯
һ˼һԼħ
Ȼħֱӳ֣Ƕ˾֮ͨ
ԭֱ֮˰ӰͨӵʱǿƽЧڣͨΪͨøǿȻġ
Ҫǣھֳֵ֮ʱ򣬾Ȼųһ˵Ӱ
޴ӰǾֵ֮ˡ
ܿ޴ӰʲôֻһӰѣյУ֮֡
֮ͨı仯ǣһٻ˾֮ôֽ֣֮ǾӰĿ£ֻҪԷѾֳ֮׺飬һֱ⵽
һǿͨ
֮ǰֻܽʱҪǿ̫̫࣬ˣоھӰµɭȻ׹֣֮ǿƽ
֮ǰľ֣֮Ը񾳽ǿߣܿûκЧ
ڲһˡ
ǾӰ·ӵųԽƣȻֻǸӰҲܹþֳ֮ΪܹסǿߵĿֲֶΡ
ͨΪеĵһпֶΡ
ȥһ¾Ϣ
ͨϢ֮ǰǿʮǸıһе֮Ҫ֪ϢʱģʱȻ̣ܶȴױԷܿȥ
ڣϢ˵ǲҪκʱ䣬ֱƿն䵽ֵϡ
Ȼû밵ӰͨǿڵľϢƻҲ൱˰ٲսƵĿսȭˣҲҪսȫԸбϣһĸʴԡ
һûܹƻĶӶĸʴҲʹ䳹׸ܡ
޾Ʒ似ڵ˵ƺЩˣǿս壬޽֮գʴ¹жѾԵЩġ
õ֮ͨ󣬸ǲôҪ似ˡ
޽֮ջãֶκ͹ֶΣɧŶֱֺӹԷڣǿս壬ڻϳ˼ߣ˵ȥлڶÿսĻ֪ôġ
֮ͨ⣬ȫ̶ְ˼Ѫ״̬ҪȻĻ½һжӲס
⣬ɫСѾȡ޾Ʒ似ܹпսֶΡ
ϢһöӰĻƻøӾˣϧŪӰǿͨˡ
иͨöûжùˣӡ
ͨﵽ۵ܹ֮ͨͼһΧĹģЩͼڿԴСУؼʱ̽Щͼڱ飬ָܻ
ͼؾʱ򣬻еá
ؾʱǺͼյޣԼͼָܹ˵ֻǱˮнˡ
Ϊûôá
ڣͨѾɱͨ
ҲʹţӡֶΣһεԶõֶбϡ
һ¡
ʽܹ۳ͼ۳ĺͼڱȴͬһӰӰֳźͼڣȻպĹͬҪǿ࣡


1555 ѹ
Щ졣
֣֮ͨһӰӶ۲ٿؾ֣֮ʹȻǿӡҲһӰֳźͼڣʹܹܸĹ
ոûôעľϢʵҲһͷӰ
ֻΪϢǴģǾӰۣһʼûз֡
Ҳڷ־ֺ֮ͻӡ˾Ӱſ۲һµģŷʩչϢʱ򣬱оӰ
ЩӰʲô
֪һ㣬ЩӰĳ֣ͨüǿرں˰Ӱľ֣֮ΪȥսеսֶΡ
ȥʱ䣬ϵϤͨȻͨǿ࣬Σǲܸ񾳽ĴԿġ
Ǳߣ񸡻ڽ̵½Ϥ
룬ȵڿҪʼʱ򣬵ǿԸÿһдһ£ԼʵΡ
ڣǲ̫Զ
ȰǽɫͻλӡǸϤ˲С
ƺͬԴһֶܶãֽɫȻﵱУȴȫܹã·һ
Ըܵɫеǿ󣬵Ҫ޷õĻһоͶǿ̸
нһµʱȥϤҳԸ
ھ֮İ£ʱ˶һҲʮңһ˵ƣе½Ҳһһ뻹ˡ
֮ʱټЧʵ̫ˣ͸¶ȥĻĲ
ȻڵУɫһЩѾ֪ЩϾ壬̫Ӱ졣
Ͼûг׳ɳ˵õϢͼĻǻܴ鷳ġ
һµʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̡
Ҫǻһʱ䣬ôһЩͷġ
֣ܿһµʱ䣬ҲʮȥˣȻɫͻλӡǶûκθ
е㱯ˡ
ȥĿ½ڣ޷ֽɫ޷λӡǵĻҪβܸЩ½Կ
ֱȥ
Խǽӽڿʼʱ䣬Խļļûá
кҲżǰﲻʲôæУҲѲʲô̫ãϾ֮ǰڵЩ߶δ۷Ĵڣ߾ͺܹʲôá
ô˵ǱҪμӵġ
ڲμ֮ǰ϶ҪϤһ񾳽Ķ֡
ҵ
½У˪磬ȻҲѧԺģ鷳ǣһ죬ԼһޣǲȥѰˡ
ҪдҪȻǲܾ
ԶˣһƬ޵Ŀռ䵱У̧Χһ磬Χ޷Լдս
˵Ҫ½񣬶Ϊ˷ֹ˿ȥϾ˭Ҳ֪ǲʲôŹֵֶΣԿ׼е
û
˵ʱüͷ϶ҲǾЩˡ
˵Բǽɫ䵽ڵģ˵ʱӦܹõһЩİɣ
һ㣬Ҳԡ
ڵȴһ㶼ûеˡ
ţû취һʱ䣬ھҪʼˣұ俪ʼ֮ǰϤһ񾳽ǿߵ
˵ͷ
µҲûκΰ취дһ£ԼҪȻĻܿһ־ͱԷɱˡ
Сˡ
֣ص˵̤֮ҸоҵĻһʮʵı仯ģͿԸһ¡
һ̧֣Ϻڰɫħ֮ڸ˳
Ͽʼ¶亹Ϊĸܵڰɫħ֮ٱ֮ǰǿʮԲδ׾˵߱޷ѹ
ɫɫħֱԳϮ
Ҳ似ڲδã֪һͶ似Ļֱܿӱɵˡ
ԣûжκ似ͨȫǴ߶ڵԾƳȥ
ħ֮Ϯ
оĪѹȻûж似ͨ˵ЩѾԵֵˡ
ӡ
һ̧֣һӰʱǰȻһͼڳ֣
ͼڳֱ֣ӿʼնԷϮħ֮Լ󲿷ֵħ֮Ȼ޷սȥȻǾӰڲϵŬˣħ֮Ȼϱȹ
һ̣㿪ͬ
ͬ£Ϯħ֮㿪ʼҲࡣ
·𣬳Ϊ֮ǿ࣬һڼͷǿ౶Ҳ˵ֵܶ似ֶͨΣ𲻵̫ˡ
˵֮أ
ûκԥֱӴ߶֮ͨһӰֱӳ
ȻӰֱ۱һɭȻ׹ǣֱ֣֮ץȥ
ǶԸĴڣ֮һץȥ߶δ۷Ĵڣעᱻ׽ס
ڣλ½ħ֮£ӰȻ΢Ӿ֮˳һ̧֣ħ֮йɭ׵ľֳ֮״ݻٵ
ھֱ֮ľӰҲһɢˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ڵǿֶΣҲ޷ʲôӰ졣
⣬Ϊ˫̫󣬶Ϊ˫˲
ڽΪĴڣƣµ˵ǴѹԵġ
ڡ
ʩչκֶΣ˵Ч΢΢ġ
ⲻΪ̫оԼ˼Ѫ˱ҲǸû취κвΪԷβһˡ
ѹơ
֮ܳΪ񣬲ûԭġ
ľѹ£ڸûκʤ㡣
£ЩԼˣǲΪԼ޷ǻλӡǣԼɫԲȫûа취
ҪȻĻʴ¹ȻμڣǾͲܰûս
Ӧϳ
Ϊʵ̫ˣҪ˵δףǳΪ߶δ۷壬սжȫֻһССڻңڻҶ㲻ϡ
񾳽ǿ߲κв

أΪ֮ҵжõʵı仯Ȼû˵˽ΪǿЩȶԣòôױյȵȡ


1556 ޷
һ֮ͣľڡ
ͺñһ޻һڱȽϡ
Ȼߵһһ޻һɢһĻҪҪѵöˡ
Ҳڵ֮ˣ˵ǿ֮
ͬһ޻
Щ½Ļһٽ
ΪˣŻʱ򣬲Ϊĸо൱һ޻ٺãҲܻ
񾳽ǿڣ
ȻͨѾΪͨȻֻ޻ɵڸǰȫǲһġ
߶δ׵۷壬ҲǴһ޻ʮ޻ˣھ˿ĸı䡣
ʶһ֮ͷǳˡ
Ϊôȥμ񾳽ڣ
ʲôĶ֣ܻ
ԴҲûʲô˵˼һȻ˵ؼǽɫϡȻҲԡŽͻƵ񣬵ЩⲢδգֻǸһֹʱĸ򣬾̤񾳽硣
㣬ȴЩɫģ˵ܹЩɫĻп½ԿġֻǣѶȺС
ֹǲСֱѶȳ
æһʱ䶼ûܽ
ָоٸһʱ䣬һֽܹɫӦȴǻλӡֵģԹǻλӡǣǶȴҲûԼֹ
ڵĹʲô
ʱһ䡣
һֱչ򣬶֪ڵľΡ
һ¡
һ½һжڵʴ¹Χʴ¹ǰÿһξͻһٸƷ֮һ
·ϣ֮ͬ佫ᷢĦսҪ뿪ֻ취
һǵõһٸƷ֮һɱһ½
ְ취һֻһ뿪Ҳ˵½μڵĻҪõƷɱ½񣬲ܹȫˡ
ȻǵõһƷɱһͷ½߶ѡ˳ǰĻֻҪΧɷΧûĴڣ˾Ϳʱ˳
ߵλ½Ѿ˵ˣҪͬˣֱ˶ӵ˳ʸ񣬲Żһ˳
ҪȻĻʣе½ܴĸʵã
òһεʴ¹򣬳½һĴûᣬпܣս֮彮ܹΧһȦ
ֻᣬǧ궼ûйˡ
½ȥμڣ϶ȫû³μӵĻֲС
˵Щ½˿ѡ񲻲μڣһ֮УһμڵĶûУôͻʧȥһβμʴ¹ʸ
һûκ½ǵǹֲˣ´ʴ¹ճμӡ

սȷΪ㡣
˵ɲǸϢ
ҲñܹȫȫĴеõ߻ɱ֣ƽ
ȻսǣʣȻμڣһˡ
ҪǣܿܳΪϣϾӹֻһ˽뵽ʴ¹ĵһųˣֽɫ
һô߲ҲһֱоģΪ彮һԱ֮⣬Ҫǣ໥֮仹кܶƵġ
磬ʲô壬ܹΪΣɸĶѪ⣬һڶֲ࣬ûɵޡ
ֲޣǸҲкܶƵĵط
Ͳһˡ
Ǳ顣
ʯ顣
еȫǽɡ
ȵȡ
٣嶼ѪĴڣԣʴ¹ɴཫΪͬˣ׼һڶһϡ
ɲǿЩʱ
룬ѵԼҪλ½񣬲пܴлų
ڿƺûбİ취ʵǲԸҡ
رλ½Уи˽죬ǸԸ׵ˡ
Ȼ˵첻ףûʲôֻȴñˣڱǺӣҲ֪Ρ
ҡҡͷûô顣
ȻʣһʱˣǼԽλӡǺ
һλӡǳ֣ܿǿ԰ȥֽɫģȻҪλӡҲô׵飬ڶ̶һʱڣǿ϶ˡ
ڣܿҪʽʼ
񸡻Ҳ뿪ˡ
ڵĲμߣ񶼱뿪ǺӣҪȻĻʴ¹ֻ·һ
λͣδͰˡ
֮ǰ񸡻һ仰
һڴ
˵ڿ񸡻ָоУᷢӺܴó
ָ֪оģȻָоǾӦôˡ
ʴ¹ָҪμӣȥͰɣ
Ƕ˵ؼ컯Ե
׼Уֻʣ
λ½񣬳ڵϣټһʱô
ȻѾŬҪǻλӡǣҲһȥֽɫһֱûгЧԴҲûκΰ취
һ죬ڼ
˼һ
ѧԺ˪磬ϵƺȻ࿴˳ۣվԷԶλá
վһ
һˡ
½˪ҲǶһˡ
λ֮䣬֮ǰʱҲ໥ʶϤһ£ڸսʽЩ˽⣬ΣǺ˵ġ
λ½໥֮䲢δд賢ԣϢȽ϶࣬Сģ½Ŷӣرľ£Ͼһٶ嵱У½Ͼֻһ롣
һ뼸ʮ嵱Уг½ģࡣ
˵ϣоƵģǶ塢е塢ǿŶӣҪȻĻϲʲô⡣
һ°ɣôš
ųЩΣһҲˣܻŻȥԺͶĿӣԣԼģϾǶѾ֪̤֮֮ǰʵǿ̫ˡ


1557 
˵ϣ˵ǰδġ
һ棬һ˲μھѾǷǳˣ˵˵оȻһδ׵Сӡ
½Уδ׵Сʲôã
û֪
ߣζҪ֤ȫģ˪Ҳǡ
Ȼ˪ڲͬӪʱ˶ѧԺĴͬ۷Ĵڣ֮㣬ǶǺܿõġ
죬Ȼʱȫû˵ûô
ҪΣյĻҲǺȵġ
İȫϻܹϵģֻҪ˲ȫˣܹ
ڶ˱󣬵ڵ£Ҳֻһ·ˣҪȻȥԿĻȫֻ·һ
˸׼
Ψ½˪ôϤһʼձһı飬Щӡ
ȥӲ˵κһ仰
ʱǰ׼ʴ¹ڳһɫС
ǾǴеġС
п֮ʴ¹򸽽ڣᱻеУееʮǿᣬʴ¹е½˵ܹ𵽱ãǰȫ͵ڵĳ
˵ɾǱ׼ˡ
ǿ߱ȥҲûκλĿԡ
Ϊˣ֮⣬ȫѾ뿪ˡ
ʱ˿̣кܶ˶ѧԺȴϢ
гֵʱע⵽Ŀ˸һĨɱ⣬ɱ⣬ƺΪĳ֮
𣿡
š
֮⣬Ȼʲôû˵óЩӵһֱѹš
ֱڣɱŷ˲١
ӣɵ̵½ϣҪεڵУܶ½ء
Դֻܰ˵Ǹˡ
ܰ߶Էʱ£ҪɸɵĻȥ˲ýȻӦˣǾͿ϶Ҫġ
ңɱȷʲôö
ô˵Ҫʽʼˡ
ϵˣһеĽɫ˹ȥһһıУ׼ڵĿʼ
֪Ϊʲôŵ󣬻ʴ¹İɡ
ŵҲûʲôϵʱӦǻгһġ
ۿһһɫиȥһʧǰȻоֲԾ
ԽǿɫУԽǸоԼͷϷ·ʲôҪƿնɫңӳһ
һݡ
ѵǻλӡǣ
ôʱʶĳԺǻλӡǣȻ͸оǻλӡǣȻԼͷϸ˳Ȼ˸ǽɫоȻһƬ
ͷһ֪ʲôֻǸоǻλӡǸֳ˷·ԡһɫâС
еɫâҫѸٱǿɱ䣡
һ

һֱʮʮϰٱɱĹ̻δ
ʱѾ׻Թȥ˽ɫȥ
һʴ¹ڴųĽɫеģԼ֮⣬ûκ˼
ûм򱻾ɫе½ҲûмһĻ

˹ȥ
ȱ뵽ɫеȥ½񣬵˹
ѹֱӹ۲ΧԼڵĵطһƬžڵգƬյУңԶ֮˸һЩǳ֮â
ЩǳâܹһٸȻһٸڵĽˡ
һٸǳâ˵һϣǷ·һյıԵȻЩƷյλá
ǳâ֮ңıǾʮ֮ң
ʴ¹Ĺأκδڣյֻ˲ưɵľ롣
ԣɵľ룬Ҫ˲һٴβܵ
ʮ֮ңҪ˲һǧβܹ
Ҫǰÿռ˲ƣҲǲеġ
磬κһԽɰǧɵģʴ¹Уǵļٶȶ⵽ƣҲܳһϢɵٶȡ
οռܶǴÿǰһɣͻһ飬һҪСˡ
֣˵
š
˪綼ǵ˵ͷȻ࿴˳ۣʱҲֻܲȡЭ̬ȡ
Ȼ˵Сû
Сӣ
һʱһԻͷһȻھ˾һǼһӰټ
أ
üͷ΢塣
֪ոǺ汻ġ
˪ɫأոձ֮ǰǻͷһۣԼһ𱻽ɫоŶԣôˣ
Ӧòʲô⣬΢һҪֵĻֻǰˡ
ҡҡͷǵ˵
УʣΪģʱ˿̣˵ҪǰĻ
ⲢΪҪ
һ
ܿܣʴ¹İţҲ˵Ͼ֮ǰƲ⣬ֱӲμڣЩ½Կʵ̫ûеˣΪͲܴӮ
Ҫ˵ӮˣҪлޱȵļѡ
ıЩϮȫǷʤϢľܰߵɵˡ
Ƕоʴ¹ܴǶİš
Ҳųǽ˵㣬Ҫԭصȴһġ
飬˶ˣϾֶĻڣҪһֱֵĻǲһֱȥ
ǳ֮ٳڴ˴Ļ϶ҲᳯǳâǰӦܹ׷ǲŶԡ
˴Լʱ֮ûг֡
Ǿͺ϶ڽɫ͵ʱʧˣҲûбҪٵȥˡ
̳̤ڣ˰ʱʱ䣬ʧȥ˲ٵȻпܣǰǸᱻ½Ķһߣ
Ǳ뾡ǰˡ
֪ǣǵȴʱѾڼžյУֻδͬһѡ
ֵĵطյλã


1558 
˶յΧ
ΪһټƷյ룬½˵ĿҪȡЩƷֻҪõһͿ԰ȫ˳ˡ
ɹ̤񾳽磬ֵõ˶ıЩ½˵Ƿǳˡ
ǽɫֲεĴڣ¶ðŷգҪжøණģΪΣʵ̫ˡ
ϾҶ񣬶Ҷ½û˾Լգ˵ǰͷ
ϣڣһл˳ˡ
Ҫ֪ܹμڵĶÿľӢ˭ųȥʴ¹ڵС
ܶ߶δ۷ľ籣ã̤뵽ĲΣôܸԸȥ
ԣ棬ڲμڵ½˵ǵһҪ
˵ȴҪһټ
ʱյһϢϢûüԾԾԵӡ
ΪڵѾ֮ǰ
ھɫʱͷϵĻλӡǣѾ˳
λӡǼ֮󣬲ڽɫתΪһֽ
Ǿģɭħģģֱת˽
ܹõ
ڣȻֻǽɫеİ£ʱԵĻЩʹȨҲ㹻ˬˡ

ڵ˸ʲôˡ
ǰЩȫ֮ͬƻǺﵽܹĶ⡣
ڣҪ˵Щ½񣬾ǸһڵаȥԿ
ӵ˻λӡǣܹ߶
ֻһλ飬Ǳǡ񡱡
ÿһλ飬ӵıԴܹ֮Ϊĸ
յֽɫǽ
֮ǰֽΪûмλӡǡ
ڣУʴ¹򽫻ΪѻλӡǼܹЩ뿪֮ЩɢʱʼԼڵĽˡ
Ҫ뿪գȻҪһһս
õϢǣȵ½˳֮ʣûбߵıͶһ˵ģ
ֻܲƴΪ
ܹĸܵԼǶ̤񾳽˿ģûκɣοҲʲôĻᡣ
ȥЩ½񣬸һЩ鷳Ļôֱܿ½ۼ롪ʱ򿴵룬ǻܵ½Χ
οϤһûᡣ
ֻǣҵӾȻһˣǼңҲϲ˰ɣ֪ĸòҪǡ
š
ڣ˶ǰŽɫ棬α֮ǰֳ࣬һ״
Ȼ״ͷнţǼĻ϶Ϊ塣
еˣõǣڵĸ֪쳣
½յУʶ֪Χ¶ֻһǧҡ
ȴԴﵽɣ
ΪοռػߣȻӵһЩƵģʶ֪Χ½ʮˡ
ʽʼˡ
ûж˼ʲô
Ϊֹ˵֮УˣҪ˵õνĴУΪʱ硣
ǼǵãǸʯռ䣬Ҳʴ¹߲Уߣɹõ˻λӡǵġ
ǰߣԲͬ壬ÿһδˡ϶õλӡǵļһǻе塢ͽ壬Ͷһţδõλӡǡ
ҲʹţЩ壬֪Ϊڿռػߵġ
Ҫ֪ʱδ׵Ϊ磬ɱԡڽ뿪ģвģǵģͷɫ
֪ǽɫǷ̤񾳽磬Ϊ½ռУмͷɫĿԷǳ
ԷҪ֪Ļô
ֱɱ
̫ܡ
Ľ۾˼һп
ԽĿĲǺǼȻڵõôǿһҲǲġ
ҪڵһͷˣɱЩ½ЩҲ֪Сɱǵ½񣬲Ϊ鷳
ΪΪʱˡ
ԼԱеһĽ⽱һ̯ɫ֮ˮڽɫ֮ˮУƺװһҫ̫̺ŵľȻبżģ
϶ǲΪֵˡ
بżģѾǳܹ֮յǿˣɫ֮ˮеǸҫ̫Ȼһ֮Դ
彮У֮Դ϶ǱԴġ
ʾ֮Դ彮жûУǶһʾ֮Դ彮ʵܹһ
Уӿֳǿڡ
˵õبż֮Դ˵һɱĻ᣿
ϧǣֱӰⶫС
ûЩȨֻɱ½Ȩȫ½˳ȥ֮ʣľͶˡ
Խǰľֻһ·ɱ
Щǿ֪еֹأͱҪֹסֿԡ
ڣӦöڳ
ʮ֮ңľ룬ҪϹûôס
ٶȣյУҲҪʮңԶ˵ʱ仹ǱȽϳġ
½ǰһɵʱǰʮɣԷ档
ѡԷУҪȻһԼ˿ɾͱˣ˷Լʱ䲻˵ܿǶԼ𹥻
ڣõϢǣУܹаʮμӡ
ʮ壬ֻһ½ҲֻܲμˣҪȻĻһûнʴ¹ʸҲҪһµġ
ֻһ½壬ֻҪõһƷܹƽ뿪ؼˣǿ϶ҪٶȣĽƷġ
ʮ֮һǵĿʵ̫Сˣѡһɣ
ţΪĽж


1559 
ʴ¹У˿ʼж
ÿнɫ󱬷˲Ƴǧɵľ룬е½Ҫʮ
ѡһȻǷѸǰ
Ŀ꣬ΧǳâǸıе½ԵõıԿ϶
поҲпܻᱻá
ٶȺܿ죬ԼܹϵϣҲûôⷽϻǸպöһ½õ˱˳ȥ
ɫѸǰС
ʮ壬ܹ½񣬶ʼʱжٶȵõЩǳâҲڵİټ֮һ
£Ҳֻ˵˰ʱΪ˵
˵Ҳкô
ΪһĻĿԾ͸Сˡ
ϳǰнɫҫȴֺܿʧյУܹͦԶһɵľ롣
˵Ǹ̫õϢ
Ϊţһ֮ܿʶ֪ΧҲպһɣеˣܹ֪Էʱ򣬶ԷҲܹ
ȻԷĽɫâһ˵Щ½񲻿֪ǽɫâʲôڣ㷢ˣҲһЩս׼ˡ
ܿ죬ǰ˾ɵľ룬Ȼ͸ܵǰȻͷ½ͷ½ѾһŪˣȻڳոǰҪõڶܹȫ뿪˴
ʱ֪ǣȻҲ
ֻǣǲ֪ʲô
ͷ½ɳڴϮóٶȡ
ʹǵڶ︽ȴǣû
ܹ˲ǧɣ򲻹ҲܣοоҪǶԸһεĴڣ׾ٵģĻͲ̫˵
ΪˣҪԿܷùͷ½
ܿ죬Էӽˡ
Уķ֣ΧЩ˸ǳâıһһȡߡ
ΧʮöƷ֮гһ붼Ѿȡˡ
Ҳûа취飬õ˽ˣҲͬʱȥֹô½񣬱Ͼڵ߱ʲô
ǽˡ
ħֶܹ֮ˡ
ʣһ뻹ûбȡߵģ϶ǳϵ壬ڶǼƷ֮ᣬһʱֲ֮ʤģŻὩֲ£лȥһЩƷ֮
˵ؼĻҪǰͷ½
ͷ塣
ڵյĻսУһͷ壬ǸɫԿļһҲ֪ôˡ
壬ͷ̤½Уͷ֮ǰһͷ
һͷѾɫɵҲ˵
ƿնÿ˲ƶǰһɣûãͿԽһɵľ룬˾ԶյС
λõԱߣһʾ֮Դ
Ȼ֮ԴǱĳֽɫҺסģ֮ǰסبż֮ԴĶһֽɫҺ壬Ȼܹ֮Դװȥ߽֮ԴƷЯ
߾ôһ
ǰͷ˵ⱦļֵΣؼõͶܹ뿪ڣųȥ
ֻǲܹ½ݣΪĹס
Ҫ֪κ񣬶κ˵ǱԴ
塢еǿ壬еǿҲǸλˣÿһ
˵˵ˡ
Ҫܹųȥô彮򸽽ƣ᳹׸д
ǰͷ֮䣬ؽһս
ͷ壬һͷȻֱӳĽ˳˹ͬʱֻ
ȣǰ
ʩչϵ̫֮۳һּǿͼĽС
һֱܹӰʾ֮ԴߣȻѡ뿪ڣ
ǰһ½ˡ
Ȼûʾ֮ԴͷҲǼĽоͷ˿ºǿûֱӶʵʩΧǲȡӲԡ
ĽΧһ̧֣Ȼĵ֮ƿն
ÿһ֮׼ȷĺһϣԷδȫЧѾ׺飡
һĻ׼ȥȡʾ֮ԴĽ壬һ
Ǹܵĵ֮еĿʱ֪еκһܹԸ˵ģҪôֶԸҪôһܵ
Ǻò׳Ϊ񾳽ĴڣôܸԸ룿
οҪһסһû˳ڵĻ˭ס
סǼһ϶ˡ
һ˱֮ͨǰõһöƷ֮뿪ƬգΪӮҡ
ôͷԸġ
ѡ񣬱һս
Щ⣬ۿ徹ȻͬʱƣԼϮϵ̫֮ҫ۵Ĺâ
ǶԷͨ
һͨԽϵ̫֮ɽֱֱĺȻһ޴ĽӰ
ǽӰðһ˲˽ͷһҪҳ
δ˿ҡ
һ̧֣˵ֱۺȻ𣬴һ˲佫Ǹ׻飡
ԷĽͨɱʱʩչľϢҪǿöˣҪǣԷܶȱȵʱΪδ׵Ҫǿöࡣ
ʱ޻͸
ڣӵеĽͬҲ޻𣬲൱޻ĽǸ
ܶϵ𣬵֮ľ޴
ƺ̤ʼ׷ģ㲻ĴСĽ³̶ȣҲܶˡ
ڣˣõĽǱܶҪߵöˣ
һȭǸɫȻһâһ޴ֱͷǰ˲Խɵľ룡
ǽ˲һ
ˣôʴ¹ĿռһӿԽɵľ룿
ⲻѧ


1560 Ȩ
ûиԷȵĻᡣ
˵ȭͷϣȻһȭͳŶԷȥһȭҪˣԷ֮أԽܶȣȫƿԷκηֶΣ
ԷǷӦģϾ½εĴڣս黹ǷӦٶȣȫ޿ޡ
壬ڼ˸ǰʱֱӾʹ߶ռ֮Ȼź˸˰ɵľ룬⻹㣬Ϊ˷ֹ׷Ȼֱӷһ˸
ͬʱͷ˸һĨɫâ
ͷ壬Ȼѡ˳
ոǵõöƷ֮Ȼͷϣʱ˿̣ƺΪʶ˵ǿ䲻ԸڸԿ
Ȼѡߡ
һŭ쳣ʣֹؼʱ̱ѵζܡ
ؼڣʱٶ΢һ㣬ǼƷ֮ﱻԷȡȥȡߵĶȻûóĵ
һ壬ȴҲûԴС
ۿȥ׷ɱԼͬˣֱӾͷʾ֮ԴڴҪ֮ԴȡߣȻ˳˵أϾĻʵ̫Σˡ
ӸոĻһȭǶˣĲٱҪ߳һ㣡
߶δ׸߳һһǱҪһ㡣
ȴ֪ǣȻǿȴ߱ʲôֶΣͨ似طڣҪսĻֻлġ
ϧһȭֱӰǴˣûиҼս
붼ûˡ
ߣߡ
ûҪװ
ǵһͷľڷԼͬ飬Ҳûа취ˣߵĻ߲ˡ
һԶһѡ˳ǸԼͬһõĻᣬһõʾ֮ԴĻᣬӶпܴӶԷѡ
ϧ̫ˡ
һǷֿˣжǾ͸Ķˣʮʱ䶼֧ŵס
˲ơ
˲䴩˶ԷԣûôֱһȭȥԷ˲ҷɣܹܵԷϵĽϵ̫֮ɵķϣһȭȻ顣
Ȼϣô򵥵Ľȭͷ裬ȴöԷȫ޷ֵ
ûȥͷҪȡʾ֮ԴĽ塣
Ϊǰͷ壬ѡ˳ģֻȶԸУ뷨ȻǲöԷκһܵ
Ľˣʽǳ
ôһȭһȭʵϣһȭͰѶԷ׸ɵϾԷǺǿģԣʱһͷ½ɧĻҲѼ˵õ
ϧǣԷΪ棬Ӳİֱ˸Ϊս
Ϊֵܹסʮʱǿɡ
ֻ˵Էڲʲô״̬ϣֻ֪Ǹӵļһ似ͨʹãôǿ²ô׷
ǰ壬ҪһȨ
壬ߴңֱֻûôഥְˣŽƺĳֽԪعɡ
ĻˣҲң൱¥ĸ߶ˡ
˫дսÿغϣһȭǽ峹״򱬣Ķմһ̣עеһͷϡ
ͷ壬Ѿ֮ǰõʾ֮ԴȻֱѡ˳
ʱ˿̣ٹ߸ʱ䣬ͻᱻͳȥܹˡ
ۿԼͬ鱻ȭ׻ɱĸܵһֻ˭öԷȻ׼ܵģȴû뵽ô£ȭеһ
ʱ䣬ֱ˲Ƴɵľ롣
Ȼܹ˲ƸԶҲ˲һɰɣ
һʱĻӦܹųȥġ
ϧ´ˡ
һ˲Ƽ޾һǧɣҲ˵˲䵽Էԣ
ûԥɵһͷ֮󣬱㳯һͷ˲ƹȥȭͷһλӶ

ûκɵ½ָоǳˬģܣһЩпܵжԵ½
ѾжԵı塢ȵģеǿ塪ˮ塢ʯ塢塢Ԩȵȡ
ܿϧ֪Щû½֣УҲ֪Щ½һλʴ¹ͷǿⰲŵİɡ
λ̳ߣй˽ҪȻĻÿһλ̳ߣУɵ󲿷ֵض֣δһ·̹;ûʲô̫в
⣬λߵɳҲ൱ġ
ɵ壬Ȼͷ֣ԭȡߵһöƷ֮һöʾ֮Դµ˳ûٴҫǳâ
һ£Ȼ԰С
Ȼ޷ͨ似ֶ֮ΣǴһտСģɱЩõ˱֮󣬱ܽЩ¾ΪС
ʱһϲһƺܹԤƵĵõ౦
Ķÿһֵǣ۵ļƷ֮бܹһɼ̺Ŷٵ
ʾ֮Դ͸˵ˡ
Ȼʾ֮Դ޷εĴȴøʾģǿսһԣþԶһöƷ֮
Ҳ˵ʾ֮ԴЧҪһǿߵġ
Ⲣ֡
ӵʾ֮Դ֮Упӿֳӵ̤Ǳʵǿ൱Ǹṩǿĺ
彮Уûκһʾ֮Դء
ɼǰʴ¹Уûдڹơ
ڳһ˵Ǹܴı
ܰõĶȫ壬϶ᱣܴһ֣Ǻӵģ˵壬緢ԼҪ
Ҫ֪ǺӷչǿԼ
ҪǷչˣĻ
пܣͻϾ彮֮У˿̫̫ӣ̫ˣƿزˡ
壬ΪȨһһɵȡǱõı
ȻĿŵ˸һâϡ
ǵطڵĵطңǷıâȴǺܾöûʧɼǵطսǳңڸϹȥĻպÿԻˮ㣡


1561 Ҷ
ʮܹ½ҪһټѶȻС
ƽÿ½֮Уһսȥ
οһεʴ¹򣬾ȻĴڣ½͸Ӳˡ
ôֻΪܹõıҲþܶɱЩ½
Щǿ֪ܿĴڣϾв߶δ״ڶǿδ׵Ϊ뿪սġ
֮һ
֪ܿͨ塣
ǿռУ塢塢е壬һŵõ˻λӡǣֻǲ֪ǹȥδ
ǹȥĻô϶֪епΣյġ
Ĳ˵ͷ½ͬʱѵֵ
Ȼ˲ٶȺܿ죬Ա½ʮҪЩ½һЩֶνסɾܲˡ
кһ㣬ڸ֮Ǹʱ쳣СĽ
˱һҵľ룬ȻǸ֪һǱߵҲ֮һ
֣ǵطȻ½ڻսĹ̵Уܹа½
壬໥֮ƺЩʲôԹһ໼սԷκһ·Ǳϵıʼûκһǰȡߡ
ͷ½໥Լս伤ҡ
Уͷƺǵõ˱ԵļƷ֮ڶȻսΪͬ½һųȥ
Ľˣ֮⣬ȻǶ۲쵽ˡ
Ƕûȥ
Ϊɾ֮ļһӰ첻໥֮սѾɱۣѾһؼʱ̡
ƵĿڲϿĹУ۲ǰͷ½ս֮ÿһսʽ˽ԽԽࡣ
Щ½֪ġ
Ϊʶֻ֪ܹоΧһǧɷΧڵľ˭֪ܹ֪ɷΧڵ
ͷ½壬ͬ壬ģⲢΪĿ꣬Ͼɱ˸һĻܸȡ
ȻȡأѶҪȸոȡҪѵöࡣ
һСĻڴˡ
͵ÿȥսˣڵ൱һо޴ç򣬲κ似ͨǵСһ㡣
Ҫǣ֪Լһ߽ܹܶǿĴ
ȻǿȴһǿһЩ½굽ӣֱӺ˵ϣܿ
Ҳ֪ԼҪڽ״̬Ļʲôĺ
ԼĻ
˵ԼʶܻصԼˡ
һжδ֪
ðա
һ˲һɵľ룬Ǹսûż
Ҳ첻ΪɲЩһ﷢֣ܹ˲һǧɵľǴ׷ɱЩʱһ֮һ
ĿҪɱЩ½壬ԣûбҪȥͷɱͺˡ
ǰͷ½壬Ҳûô𽥿Ľ˷͡
壬ٶ½һĽˣ治Ƿ΢עһµģԿ϶ݴпֵܳ״
Ǹ㻹ʣǧҵʱǰͷ½嵱Уһͷնɱ
ϵһöƷ֮Ҳֱӵ˳䵽һͷ½С
ڣܹͷõöƷ֮ǣûѡȥǿʼȫǱ㿿£ȥͷ½񶼾ۼһ𣬿ҡ
ʣԱ壬΢еӡԨ塣
Ԩ壬Ԩ岻ͬԨ֮ԵΪ츳ܹʱԨԿռĵĸӦ
Σһֻֻɫ棬ɫηǳ޴ÿһֻɡ
ǰȫǸС㡭
ͷԨ泯űѸǰ
ʣͷֱ½ѸͷԨǰĵ·ϣǵȻԨô׵ĵóѡ
ԣͬ壬ʱ˿̶
һǻõ壬һó񹥻壬ͷɫģһƬռѾ˲ľϵ̫֮ɵķ
õ壬λԱطոһͷԨУǵľĿ֪ȻͷԨ˳ͨȥõǱϵı
ǱƺһԴƷ
νԴƷǳԽѰԴƷĴڣͨԴƷҪ
öɫСһöͨԴƷǱϵıȴǻѪɫ˿ߣǱԴƷԽ˽ɫС
ԴƷǱ˭ģûܹ֪ˡ
һܲıֵһöʾ֮Դ
˵ҪԨõöԴƷλԱͶܻųȥˡ
һĺ塣
ɵһͷǿĺ壬ڽУڼͷ壬츳統ʱɵһͷ
ͷڵõԵѾ̤뵽ĲΣȵǺҪǿöˡ
Ҳó߶񹥻ֶε塣
ͻõ໥һ𣬵ǲ˼õЧͷõľ񹥻УȵԨ澭ʱ򣬶Ȼ
˫ֱ֣ӾͲ˼ǿƻһͷԨľʱܵش
оһ˿
Ϊ֣شͷԨ棬պûеõƷ֮һͷ
ͷû˵ģжһöƷ֮Ҳ˵ͷʱѡ뿪ġ
·ӡ֤Ĳ²⡣
һͷԨ汻ش˾֮ͷԨ̾ѡ˷Ǹشͬ飬źѸȥ
ʱ뱦㻹ʣǧҡ
ͷԨ棬պǳڵĵط˺󣬵˿
һԷҪѾûôˡ
ͷԨͷֱӾ˸˰׹⣬Ҫ˴ˡ
õͺô
ͷ½壬ֱӸϮͷӴܵԨ棬ڵķ
ͷشԨ棬ھȫűȥϧǣشֶͨѾòˣЩ־塣
򶼷ֲˡ
Ҳһˡ
ӴܵԨ桢õͺ壬֮ľѸٽӽ
ԨѾܹϿĽˣȴδţҲֻǸ½񣬺ʮʱ֮ڰɵġ


1562 
ڣͷԨ໥һƺ׼ֶԸԶһʤܴ󣬷ѾϾҪ뿪Ƭգǰɵһ壬Ҳǲġ
ΨһЩֵǣƺû֮ǰʴ¹սУ塭
Ȼμʴ¹ܹô࣬ûҲ
ͷԨ׼ˡ
ȴ÷˼
ʣͻĻͷԨ棬Ķ֡
ոѾԶԶĹ۲ǵսֶΣ϶ǶðӰԺͿռԵмʾģ߶ͨĻƻǺǿġ
ԿĻǲܡ
һӰⲨһͷӰ˳ǶԷһͷԨͨ
һӰ㲥ռ䶼˺˿䱳ľӰӳ֮£˼ֲƻ
ı˲ͻᱻɱǧٱ飬Ϊֵܵס
ڣ̧ǰӰⲨֱһȭȥ
ȭͷϣһֲ䱬֮ǰӰⲨȻһȭҳ룡
ɢ˵γƶϣֱԾͷԨǰ
ʣʱ䡣
Էн߰ɾģѾˣҪȡöƷ֮һ˲ƹȥ
һӣͷԨһ
ȫû뵽ǰ˾ȻܹһԾ߰ɵľ룬ƺ˴һšʴ¹УԲ߶δ׵Ϊͨĵ򣬾пܵõ鴫С
õ鴫еļһΪĻг֣黯ӵгԽһ½
ڣ½Ƭյжֻһ˲һɵľ롣
ǰˣȴ˲Խ߰ɣ˵һпĻ
ӣ
ûκԥͷԨֱͬܣһͷͷȥһͷ·ȥӦǼĿ١
ʣĸʱ䡣
ȴһŹ
ȭͷһ˽˲ƵϷԨǰ
һȭ
ȭ
ѸٽԨУʣʱܴͳȥʱ򣬱׸ɵöƷֱ֮ӵ˳ʬ壬һʴ¹ˡ
ȭһͷԨ½档
ȥһͷʣʱ䣬Ļպܽɵ
ûκԥٴ˲ȥֱӿԽɵľ룬һȭȭһͷԨ棡
Ƭա
ԨҪƴֵ䰵Ӱģǿռģ޷ֺʱ䣬Ϊܹʱ˲Ƶ򣬱ܿԷķ
ȭȥȻԨ泹ɡ
һöƷ֮˳
öƷ֮˳ʣͷõͷ壬׷뷨
ۿӵǿʵȻǲʲô⣬ǶЩԥǾô뿪ȥһ
ܿǾ˾
һͷ壬ֱӳŵһöƷ֮ȥҪѸٵõöƷ֮Ȼѡ뿪Ƭա
ϾԾź裬˵ܹ赲ʮʱ䡣
õö֮ĻҲǲ뿪ˣȡһʱ䡣
һͷ壬ֱӳͷѾشԨȥҪǼһɱȻõ뿪ƬռʸȻ޷õʲôôܹȥ
ͷõ壬ȺҪһЩ
Ϊһͷõ壬ڷܹ˲߰ɵʱͷֱӳ˰׹⡪ͷõ½֮ǰɱԼͬ飬ӵѡ뿪ʸ
սͷõģһͷԨˣΣڵϦ
ؼʱ̣ͷõ֣Լͬ鳹ɱˡ
Уһܺõİ취ڲöͬʱԼ˻뿪ƬռĻᡣ
һĻʱ򣬻ǱȽ𾪵ġ
ͷõ壬ûзͬɱģܹͬȥ
ܹ̤Ĵڣӵ˴ηʵ̫ѵˡ
ǵһμἺΪ˵
һͷõ壬ֱǧ֮Ǹ㡪ŲһѪɫ˿ߣǸԴƷ϶ӵв˵ܹ赲һʱ䡣
ͷ½񣬸ʩչֶΣΨһҪıǻȥ
ôǿվֻһˣҪɵһͷ½ҲҪʱģѰǰͷȫɵˡ
ѡȻЩȣ
ûκԥ¶˾ģȸɵȽϽͷ壬ͷ壬ҪȾָһöļƷ֮Ȼ
ԷոշɹöƷ֮ᵽ֣ȻͷϾͳ˰׹⣬Ȼ̾ѡҪ˳Ƭռ䡣
һ㵽Ǻԣֱһȭ
һȭŨĽ֮ǰԨĴڣһȭͱˣȭ͵óڽˡ
ڣԺһȭȴˡ
źֱӾͷɢһƬڽȭͷֱ֮ɢ˿ȥ
ûжκ˺
ͻơ
û壬һִľ塣
壬ʱؿתΪľ壬ȫʧ
Щˡ
ѵ޷Ծ˺
Ͳ̫ˡ
Ϊ˵޷ɱ塢Ĵڣ
аһȭȥ
δһӶȭͷǳһĨ׹ڴϮȥ
һĨ׹⣬ͷѡ˳Ƭ֮ͷҫİ׹⣬ǰ׹ͷľӦþɣ
һȭ£ȴƺЧ
ܹܵͷľܵһ̶ȵ
ȻԾƻǿҪԸԨɴǲˣȴаʮʱڰѶԷɱ
ֻҪѲٵʱˡ
Ҳʹţһαضʧһˡ
ҪôöƷ֮ȥɱͷõ½񣬱סǼԴƷһ룬ûðա
ΪǱߵõԴƷĻõͷҲѾ˸˰׹⣬ٹ߸ʱ䣬ܹ뿪Ƭռˡ
ǻõҲʲôֶܹԼɱ¾˵ԴƷʲô⹦ܵĻܿﶼʧȥ
ѡ˱Ƚ׵İ취
Ǿɱͷ壬סöƷ֮
һͷ壬ѾɱǾشԨ棬ͷõ壬Ҳõ뿪ʸ񣬰׹ⶼѾҫ
ɱЩһˣֻܷͬǼԴƷһ


1563 Χ
ֲиĶýܿͰͷ峹ɱöƷ֮յС
һΣõöƷ֮ջǲġ
Ȼͷõ壬һͷ壬ҲǼԴƷĽѾ൱ˣҪ֪ƬստʼŰͷ½Ĵڡ
ƾڵܹеѾǼˣ⻹ǶԷȽϡϡ¡
öƷ֮ȫС
Ȼһȥ
ȥյУѾʮǳâʧˣҲʹгʮѾЩ½ȡˡ
ʮﵱУнӽʮǼƷ֮
Ʒ֮ΧЩ½ıˣȽЩƷ֮ʧ죬϶ЩȡߣȻ˳ռ䡣
עȫıġ
ô½ܹ֮һıѾǳ˲ˣ֮һһܹ
յУһټֱֳڷš
Χһ㣬ȻЩƷ֮ˣܹʮö
Ȼǵڶıܹжʮ㣬ЩУиԴƷʾ֮ԴһЩԶⵤҩȵȣЧ϶Ǳõİ˼ѪҪǿƵġ
ʮУҲѾгһ뱻ȡˡ
ȥĿ꣬Щڶı㣬ǵı㡣
ܹʮ㣬ȵڶıﶼҪһЩѾһЩ½˵λãҲѾǰǧҵľ롣
ֱӳһ㱦ȥǱǳâƺ˸£Ҳʹ½ǱսƴǱʱʱʧ
ʧʱǱ½СС
һ½ɱôǱҲͻµá
֪Ǳжͷս
һɿ⣬ֱ˲ǧɣѸٿȥȵһڣſʼٶȣһ˲ưɣͬʱʼ֪Ǳ㸽ս
Ǳ㸽һ֮ڵʱǵطʱһ
Ȼǣ
˪硢컹˪ٶȾȻ죬Ѿﵽ·ϵĵ㣬֮ǰϵıȻѾȡˡ
Ҳ˵˵Уǿʱѡ˳ġ
ǣͲ֪жѾɱ½ģ
ǻû뿪Ӧ˼ɱ˲ͷ壬ҪȻĻȫ˳ˡ
ûκԥһ˲ưɣڵĵط˹ȥ
ǵĶ֣塣
½Ҳ٣ڷֱͷͷǱ˸ӦǸˣҲ֪ʼսΡ
ڣ˸ǳâı룬ûκһ˿ǰȡ
Ͼ塣
κһҪȥȡöͻǷơ
ȻҲһҪĻͷ϶Ըǣһǿ϶ֵס
ǰĻǲϳԼġ
ԣҪȥǣҪһЩֶεģֱӾͳȥˡ
ҪȻܿ⵽ǵĹ
ΪǺֻܿһһͷͿ˶뿪Ƭռˡ
£ǿ֣пܰĿϵģһܵΧǶ˵Ǳˣֻܻ֣ӡ
ӵĻ˲Ϣǧɵͻᱻ֣ȻҪܹͷ½֣Էͻܴ󾯾ˡ
֮ܶ·
·ñȽϿ½ķĻӦþֲˡ
սĿ֮ǰı䡣
֮ǰ뾡ܱסıһΣĿǴӲ汣֧Ԯǣܹ뿪Ƭռ䣡
һ棬忴Լ֮Ĺϵ
ҪȻĻ֮彮򣬿»Ƚϴ鷳
ƿǵķȻ𲽿Ǳڵء
壬ܹ½񣬴ʱ˿ҲܽӣǵȻ˲Ͽ·һ˵Ľ˲Щľ
ǲ֪ʲôûر⣬Ͼÿ嶼½أһ˵ĻӦöԸǡ
ʱƺʲô
ͬ壬ƺʼìͷָƺֻΪ嶼Կɳģ໥ô档
壬֮һ˿塣
˿һ˿ߣ˿ߵһǴƴԵĶһǵģõԵģֶμ졣
Уܹͷ˿½
һƱ塣
Ǳһģһӵмǿķǿʴ¹򸽽жһģҲͻе塢Ԩܹƴˡ
ƱһǰĶУӣ͸һչԶԸǱȽѵģΪÿһƱĸ壬յһ
Ʊܹͷ½һͷոѾָɵˣҲ͵˳
뱦㻹ǧɵʱƱ˿ھȰɵ
ϾƱ˿壬Կɳ壬ģȽǵȻѡԼŵùȥϡ
һǶʱ뵽˼µƵС
ͷ½񣬴˷˷˹ƣ
Ʊ廹˿壬壬һʵҪǸǿһЩϾܹͨʴ¹飬̤񾳽Ŵڡ
ͷƱ˿½һ𣬻̫֮ȫˣԵҲȫˣʽ廨ţһͬġ
ǾҪԷĹƣѶȷǳ
ԶϿʱЩǳԤϣƱ˿徹ȻһҪɱǣ֮ǰļƻȫˡ
ڣҪôֱ˲ƹȥǰǾͷ½ȫɵ
ҪôǰԭƻжһĻܿܵһ˵
ϾǾͷ½񼯺һ𹥻Χǡ
ͷǳκһǿʵ
УܹҲ񾳽ǿߡ
ڣԵǾͷ½񣬶ǶƱ˿廹Ǻ˽⣬һ治ϤԷսʽһҲ֪ԷҪʲôط
ֻǶŶԷĵĻԷ϶кǿķġ
ûصս飬սš
ԶԷĵһƣֻѡ˷


1564 һĿ
ħ̤֮֮ܶǿ࣬ʱ֪ʲôܶȡ
Ͼṳ̂εһЩرס
ͬʱ½ͬˣͷƱ½񣬺ͷ˿½񣬴˷˰Χֶβ
һͷƱ½ȫðſֲ⣬ŻԵǿʾģ˪ϯȥ
˪ͨ˲䱬͵õöֳ֮ͨͨΪͨ˫صʵ
һƬѩ˪Ϯ˲ĿռУһƬѩУǴ߶ʾĵƱ񣬾Ȼް취
һԵʾģڱѩѸɢûж˪κ˺
һߣͷ˿½һ緢ơ
һͷ˿壬˰ӰĵֶΣһͷ˿ǶùԵģߵһһڣ໥ͻΪ໥ͻڻһʱ򣬲ֲܹ
ǰӰģǹģʾġ
õֶΣͬʾĴ߶ͨһ۳쫷Էͷ˿ʩչİӰĺ͹ķ׷С
ԪԵеķԣȻټȴҲǼֲ
һƬеĿռ䶼·鿪ͷ˿ֱӱȵս֮⣬һСս
ܹΪĴڣǰЩ壬ǣȫʾĵģҪȻҪڵĻսɱ֣Ͳô׵顣
ʾģѾҪˡ
ڸ߼بżģֻʴ¹впܻãܹʴ¹о˵ġ
Ժпӡһöɫʯͷص·ԸٶȣѾˣ·ʴ¹жûжƵĽ
㻹·ӡԺ֮󣬲Ҳ˲ͬЧ
Ҫڶʱبżģ֮⣬ϲбˡ
¶ġ
ڣ͸ܵبżĵϢڳ𺳱
ϢȻ졣
بżļ˲󣬾ȻһɵľˣŽɫƣһͬͷ˿
ɫԣһκεзԣᱻЩɫգȻתΪ
ɫһͨ
بżİ£ǳΪɵһˣһ˶Կͷ˿񣬾ȻԷѹסʣ˵УʵԿ˵һġ
ڽʴ¹֮ǰҶࡣ
뿪ʴ¹֮֮ٲȻѾһЩࡣ
Ȼ˪ˣʴ¹лǵõһЩûüתΪսġ
ڿ죬ܻųȥĻһ϶仯
ħ֮ҲԵֵסͷƱ񣬲ֵñȽϼѣͷƱǷֱ˻ͺԵʾģһ൱
ħ֮ԿһͷǻǱȽɵģԷͷһıȽѵֵ
ʣµ˪Ѿһͷɫǣޱ壬ʱ˿̣Ϸ˪֮ǺԵڶԿһͷƱԼһͷ˿
˪ͷڻսУ˵һжƱ˿֮䣬ҲȫζԷ˪ѹ⼸˶ҪСϺܶࡣ
ȻѹСͲΣա
෴˪ǸΣյһΪƱ˿֮䣬Щ໥ɡ
һ˪˵ˣôƱ˿彫κԥ϶Ȱ˪ɵ
ڲϿС
ûһ˲ƳȥһǧɣȻǱһ˲ưɵľ롣
һʼѸٸϵģǵȻУûбǾͷѹŴ⵹ǲеҡ
ر죬Ȼǿͷ˿ѹŴ
ʵǳԤϡ
ȥĻҲǸ취
ϾʱȻֵסȴ޷ҪɱԷκһǼѵġ
ȥæ
Ľˣ뵽սУ϶Ҫץסᣬɱһͷġ
ʱܹܵͷƱͷ˿֮УһͷϴеıҲȷԼҪɱĿꡣ
սĿ꣬˳ȥ֮⣬Ҫõܶıܹѡ£ȻҪѡЩЯ˱
Ƭսһǧɵʱ򣬷־ԼľȻ˪һͷ˿塢һͷƱս
ʱҪ·ҲˣҲûҪ·еͷ˿ϣЯһģҪܹɵĻôǼͻ
ǱеһõĻǶһܹʱ뿪
ڣ
һɱһͷƱ塣
һ˪Ҳһ˭ɱ֮ǰͷƱͲ֪ˡ
ɱͷ˿Ļ˪пܵõǼĻ˵ǳ
ûʲôԥֱӳ˪ڵս˹ȥ
˵ĳ֣˪˿Ʊ߶ʱ߾Ȼγһ򵥵ˣֱվڲͬλϣλã̶𹥻
˪ˣû취
ЩΣҲû취ʾԼݣΪ˵̬ܹ˵Ҳܹûκΰ취֪ͨˡ
ôȰͷ˿ɵ˵
ɫȭͷֱ˲ƹһɵľ룬ͷ˿Ȼ䣡
˪ûóȻĽ˷ƣǳź˺һξ롣
Ըͷ֣ЩѣڼȻǼΪϲġ
һʼʶĶ˾Żͷվ֮ƣڼֱӳ˿񷢶ƣûҪˡ
˪Ȼ֪ͷ˿ϴһġ
ԣû˿̫Զͷ˿ͽ˸ǻ

̲ס̾һȻɫȭͷֱ˿һϣҲ֪һĻԴ֮ģһȭȥȻֱӽˣ
Ҫ֪ǽܶȾͳԽЩ½񣬸˵Էû뵽˾Ȼôǿ
ԷҲûֱӱɵ
ǷǳǿģҪֶηࡣ


1565 ֮
ͷ˿һȭԴԴݻȴҲ֪
ȫɢųһһİɫâĳʾĹͬʱһ̫ƷƮɳһʯͷģ̫ƷͷɢǿϢ
Ե
ǿʯͷƮɳ֮󣬾Ȼ׷ֽ⿪˼Ϊʾ뵽ǱԴ˿֮ȥԴһλָ˹
ͬħ֮һ
ԴֱӺҲܹ˲ܳܶ˺
ڣ˿ܵһȻѾܵĿ£Ȼԥѡ˳ͷȻڷŰ׹֮⣬Ǳ־ʮ֮󽫻˳ʴ¹İ׹⣬Ҳֱ˸
Χ
˾Ȼôǿһȭͷȥͷ˿ŵҪ˳ˣ
Ǹʣµ˿˾ӡ
ͬʱƱ廹ǣڶ˲˼ľġ
ͷ˿ѡ˳ˡ
Ϊͬ黹ͷؼʱǲѡ˳ġ
ڣͷ˸˰׹⡣
Ҳ˵о˳
ֻһܣܹŵ˿ѡ˳Ҳͱֳ˽˵ǿ
˪ھͲһЩԥ
ҪҪȥ׼̰ͼһ˿ϵı
λǼõġ
˿һѡ˳һ߳Զ˵ķˣ򣬸պþ˪ڵķ
ȫȥסͷ˿·ߣһǽ˺ܿܽһĿһ˪˳ܵġ
ΪϼûʲôҲûлɱûѡ˳ʸ
˪ΪˣЩԥˡ
ȴûȥ˪ôģֻǳͷ˿׷ɱȥȭͷֱӳͷ˿һ˺ɱ˹ȥ
ֲĽһͷ˿ϡ
δֳԼܹ˲ƳһɣΪ׷ɱԷͷ˿岻ǱɱǱ˪ɱûбҪ
һ̣ͷ˿徹ȻԭһӰ
ǲӰѿһͬƤһ㣬ԭһƤͷ˿壬ʩչĳֶΣԭصһƤ֯˲䱬ǿ˺ѽ
˿屾ͷŰɫâԶӹȥ
Ըܵͷ˿ѡƤ֮󣬷·࣬ҪɵǸˡ
Ӵܵķ˪ʼ
Ҳ˪һѶϢͷ˿ںˣ
˪һ۽ˡ
Ľˣһʱ䱻˿Ƥס޷ָɵͷ˿ĺʱ
⵱Ȼ˪Ļᡣ
Ļʱܹͻǲ㡰ƤĲƣϾǿܹɽ㡰Ƥմ
ûУǼװס˵ӣ˪ȥɱͷ˿ǿ
Ļ֮ǰʲôǱضȫȫ뿪ˡ
룬˿嶼Ѿˣ˪ԸӦûɣ
ܿ죬˪ͬڴ׷ͷ˿
һ
Ϊ˿ȻһЩǿֶΣûжã˿񣬾ȻֱӼһ״ԴƷǾԴƷ
Ȼ˿ռеõıˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼֱӽ䶯
״ԴƷһ־ֱӰѳȥ˪屻ײסˣȻϾȻһܶȼߵǿߵλҪһЩ
˪ˡ
ȫû뵽˿徹ȻֶΣ״ԴƷдżǿķӡ֮ܶȼߣȫ˪ڵѹסˡ
ҲõһöԴƷģҲоѵ˵ʮ̫Ʒ
ʱ˿̣ûκԥİЩֶȫʩչ˳
һöԴƷһһǩģĶڱ߶ʱͬŮɢһ㣬ͷ
̫ƷһСзɴֱܳӱʮľѼ
գ
ͷӰӸг֣Ȼһֲƣǿߵĵʮ̫ƷѼ
ͷӰһ̱׷ҧס˪ϱ
Щź⣬ס˪ı壬κòͨҲ޷߶ֻܹԴƷ̫Ʒˡ
գһǩǸԴƷ඼ɢˣջǲһ㣬ûܹ
ţͷ˿ȫɢųһ׹⡣
һ׹⣬егסˣȻȻ˪ϡ
һԾĹֶΣ
ûκ
˪סȫֻ֮ӲȥܶԷֶΣҲĳطܹεһ־ĳ
ڣԷĹʵ̫ǿˡ
ǿӦˡ
ȼϵĽǲ㡰ƤҪ˲ƹȥԮ˪Ȼˡ
˪屻ڰ׹֮С
ûκʹ࣬˪궼˲ݻ٣Ǵһ̾ͱʴ¹ˡ
Ľˣûκͣ
˪Ѿ˶֣أȥ˪磬졭뿴еκһȥ
˺Ȼһ˲߰ɵľ룬ͷ˿ǰ
ȻȼŽȭͷ˿ֱֱȥ
ৣৣৣ
һ̣ǳԴƷֱӱϣȫµһʱ䶼˷ӡ״̬С
ź⣬ķӡЧΪֲѹǳԽѰΣõĽԶ
ʱ޷ãֻĿͷ˿嵽ʱ֮󣬱ʴ¹˳ȥ
ͬʱͳȥģһԴƷΪͷ˿õı˳ȥ
һ
ͷ˿ɲ֮ǰļ򵥽ɫȻڶ̶ʱھԴƷʹ÷ƾֶΣĽסǰɱһ˪
ǣŲ񾳽ǿߣ
ֻ˵˪Ȼ̤ľ磬ĵƻ̫Щǿû취Կġ
ȥԸе塢ͽĳĻһǿ϶򲻹ģΪ̲ͬԷҪǿ
˵ȫһ⣬Ҫûмװǲ㡰Ƥסôü˪ġ
Ȼᱩ¶վܱⷽһҪðɣ
ÿ񣬶˵ǼΪĲƸ


1566 ֱ
˪֮ȫˡ
֮ǰ⣬ǣҪܶĵõıڿȥĻܿǶԤ֪⡣
Ҫ֪Щɶεǿ߰
ÿһЩеľţԲǲ
˪֮ԻȫΪСЩ½
ʵ֤ЩһûһǺǵġ
飬䷢ڶΡ
Ǳ¶Լ巽֣أ
ǽ˵̬Է֪ݣͷɫпܱ¶һЩϢ
ڣԵֻƱ˿塣
壬˵ʵرǿٸе塢û취ȵģҲûڵõλӡǵĿռмƱ˿ߡ
ҲʹţûбҪɵǣ
ɱ
ûκγɣͷ˿ǰʧֱ֮ɱͷƱ壬ԭ˿һ𹥻˪Ǽһ
˳ԼƱæż󲿶Ӵܹȥ
ͷƱûѡ˳ʸ
ûκĴһ̱˲˰˰ɵľ룬Ʊǰ
Ʊһոͷͷ˾Ȼͻʴ¹һ˲ƵƣѾоˣǸоͷ
ڣͷƱֱӾͷ˼ǳżƱ֧Ԯ
һ
ΣͷƱƺĳЩԡԴӳֻǲϵĻӶȭͷѣĹֻҪ㹻ȫȫġ
ǣͷƱҪһְɵ
ϧǣܾԼĶߣ
ȻҪһԸǻˣôֵøһɵͷƱ壬˵ֻҪɵһͷ㹻ˡ
˪ˣȻЩƣҪȡʣµȫС
ڣͲһͷһˡ
ߣ
ʱһ
˽˵ǿ󣬲ȥðգ롣
𣬾֪г֮ˣӦöӵ˳˴ʸģȻˣôֻҪõһɱһ֣ʣ˾ȫ˳ȥˡ
ȻûĻ
ͷƱ׷
ָоǰͷˣƺģָоǿѨ磬Ӹոս˵һһ˪пܣǺ塢ЩϵĴڡ
ģϾֱ˲Ƴǧɵļ޾룬Ѱʴ¹ռʮ
ԣպöӦԣ
ǲμⳡڵġ
Կ϶һֱ룬ڿ֮ʴ¹ΰģ
һսĻҲпܣ֮󣬵ʱûӰӡ
ǣͺܿ϶Ĳ²⣬ʴ¹Ƕİš
˳ֱ֣֣̲סȥ²⣬һ᲻
Բ
̲סڳ룬߿˵Ů˵ֱɣϾǺϤˣ໥֮˽Ĳ٣ǰĽˣ˵Ӱӡ
ôǾһɵͷƱˡ
мȻ˽˾󵨵뷨Ȼ취ȥ֤ʵһ¡ʵĻôܿ԰ﵽһЩʲôæ
˪磬ǰϴһɱһͷƱ񣬶ӵֱ˳ʸ
캰֮ͷȫֳһĨ׹⣬ʮʱ֮ͻᱻͳȥ
ûߡ
ɱͷƱħ֮Ȼ˾ſҫĺڰǳϢȻ似
ӣʴ¹Ҳõ˲ٺôѧ˲ֶΡ
ҫǣõ似
ڵһζóȻֻǽСɾ磬óжһֻϢ
ſҫŵĺڰǳֱӰͷƱ嶼ΧУֲ˲ըѣڰ֮˲ʴͷƱڡ
ͣ
似ǻصĴڣȻܿ϶ԼĽܹȴûбҪȥԡ
ʱעţ᲻ĳһͷƱͻȻ𣬻˵ʲôǿֶʩչʲôв
˵ʵĻ˪ˣá
ʶԷ
ҪⱲӶԭԼҪ֪֮ǧ˿Ƶϵܹн죬ȫΪһʼſ˾֮ӡǡ
οиûи
ΪλѡĽеӣ
ǿԿ϶Լӵ磬ǸûйϵģΪûǸ˴һȫͬʱġ
Ĳͬҵ͵˾ĽϣСʱſ˾ӡǡ
еѰζˡ
ôȥ
ҫǵͷƱʩչֶΣҪֵһпֲ似
ʱ·ֿ˵սϣڻֶԸͷĳ
ڵƱȵȣκͺڻ񡢸ѾһˣֻͨһЩˣҲûʲô
ʩչֶεƻȻԲ
ͷƱһͷ߶սģ۳һɫĿս֣⾹ȻҲһ似ֻ˳ѧ׶Σûа취ֵסľҫǡ
ţһͷƱСУ̫ƷһȻӵ̫Ʒ
̫Ʒ׷۳ϣ˽ɫĿս֮£γ׵ֵס˾ҫǵĿֲƻ
һ̫ƷȻ˲ԭʧˣ
Сģ
ֻкôһ䣬ȴ޷ȥ
ʱѾ˵ľֱӵǰһץȼŽĴֱ֣ӴаǺ״̫Ʒץ˳
̫Ʒͷ⼫ǿıͷƱ񣬸Ҫƾ̫ƷԱһɱЧ㲻ܰ׸ɵҲˡ
֪ûиоΣգֱӾͶˣԷκλᡣ
УȻתһȥʱͰǺ״̫Ʒֱˣ
ֱͷƱҪ
̫ƷÿɶףЩеģͨĳطǧ۳
ҪƴԱһɱһ֣ӶԼӵ˳ʸȴû뵽Լ̫Ʒֱӱ˸ˣ


1567 ˵
Ľֱ˲ƹǼ̫ƷʱԿ϶Ĳ²ȷˡ
ˣվһߵģ
˲ҲǸйϵģʴ¹ŵĶҪôҪôǱƵĴڡ
ӿɾͿˡ
Ȼ϶˽ǰģȥܶͺðöˡ
һö̫Ʒֱ֮Ӿ߽ͷƱҪɵļƻȻֱ嵽һͷƱǰȭͷͷƱϡ
Ʊͷ֮һͷʱȴڱ֮䱬˼Ϊֲȴȫʼһǳɫˮǳɫˮϳһһͼ
һŻþͼ
ı壬ǲܵĻþͼӰģȴǻˣ֮ط൱ûЧġ
ֻ˲䣬ľ㱻ǳɫĻþͼУоԼһǳɫ磬ΧˮðȻ׵þռ䵱С
֪һʱ䱬ȫĽֱӱ۾ȻЩǰбȥ
ûκεı˲ͽһŻþͼƿžͰʩչþͼƱ˳ȥʴڣƻһĳ̶ȡ
ͷƱĻþͼֶεȷǿȺͷȴǲ̫Уֱ֮Ӿʹˡ
ͷƱȻҪæȴعħ֮߶似ҫǳסûκλ԰ﵽæ
սȻǿҪ˵ǰͷͷƱ̫ѹǶûʲôʱ˼Ĺˡ
ʵĹҲݺӣҫǱϾ似ܶȼߵħ֮ʩչ߶ô򵥾ֵܹġ
ʤ׷ȻͷƱðˣûзŹԷɡ
ۿŽ˺ϣʣЩƱ˿Ͷ̲סˣǿȷϣͷǺһġҪȻôĬ
ѵ壿
˵ĳĴڣ
Ʊ˿δҲûа취жڵһǿԿ϶ģǾǽ˵ʵǿԿĻκһ֣
ԣ£Ʊ˿ֱӾͱˡ
Щӵ˳ʸƱ˿½ֱӾѡ˳ǿʼһ𣬳ڵĵطΧȥ
ڣһ߿϶û취ΪͻƿڵģǱ߶һñȽԶǿԳһ£Ҫܽɵܹл˳ˡ
˪ˣոͷϾ˸˰׹⣬ʺܿҪͳȥˡ
˵ʵҲڸǹؼʱһҪɱ˪еκһʲô򵥵飬ʣ¶̶̼ʱڽǸɵ͸ǲܵˡ
ԣҲ͵һ˳ѹ
ʱûȥһеͷƱɵˣȻǰ죬ʱѾ֧Ųס
ڣʵѰ½Ҫ΢ǿһЩģͨķúǿԷȻǺüͷ½֣ȴҲû취ʲô˺
ʱΪһ浹ľ档
ЩֵĶ֡
죬ǺǿĴڣһԶ½ĽˣϼԸЩ½еκһܹԷɱ
ȻǺԸ֣ò˵ڣⳡսɶˣȻҪɨսǺЩѶȵģܿһЩܵ
˪ˣովѾͳȥˡ
˳֮ǰ໥俴ϵܺõӣ˿ѧԺƽʱжԡ
ϾʱվͬһϣͬԿ½񣬶һųȥĻҲһΪǿߣʱ϶ȶԿʱࡣ
˶ڽ˵İæԵЩ⡣
Ҳܴӽ˺Ҫ˵ûʲôϵǾԲܵġ
ΪҪĻ˷ĵİѱ󽻸
˪΢ЩڣҪǲ˳Ļͷ˺пеõıҪ֪طÿһﶼòĺö
Ѿѡ˳ǣȻû취ģֻȥܹȡøõĳɼ
Ļʵͻøǿ˵ҲǺ
ûãһ𣬰ѳ˿Ʊȫ׻ɱ
գܹͷ˿񣬻һͷƱҲû취飬Щ½ֱӴܣʴ¹˳ȥƾĺѽȫ
ϾЩҲεĴˣԶһЩܲıֶΣҪʮʱڰѶԷɵǰٷܹ֮ɹ顣
սɨɾ֮Щõıȫ졣
г֮⣬ûκĴڣԷĵ
ȻĽˣ޷ȥнΪѾȡ̵Ρ
߿֮⣬˭ѵֵﹰó
飬϶ֻԼ˲Żġ
ô˾Ͱٷ֮ٸһϵˡ
죬ҪһȥԸ½ȡõıȴûиǻᡣ
˻֣˳ȥ
ȥսضգֻһ˵Ļ򲻹Ҳֱ˲ܣҪǴ죬ʱǻ鷳ġ
˼ֱ֮Ӿͳı˸˲ƹȥһԾ˲ǧɵľ롣
쵹Щ
ߵ˸ɴ࣬Ҳû취ٸˣƬռУнٶȸֻʮ֮һˣǸ·Ǵ治ĽŲ
ǸϵĻǲһϾ˶սǿҲʱ˳ΣУر
ϧǣȥҪе飬ǳ죬߻Ǳߣ˲ưɵٶȿ϶Ǹģֻгˡ
Ȼոմһʤ̣ȴû̫⡣
ոֻǵı㣬һĲı㣬ĶȻǿᡣ
ڸոգһЩȽǿƵĶ֣ǰ˪˲䷴ɱ˿ǿ񣬻ӵ̫ƷƱȵȣȥԤϵǿ߿϶и࣡
رǣھͷǳͷɫ


1568 
˳ȥ֮󣬺ܿͼ˪ߡ
Ǳ׼ȴţҲ֪Ҫòܳȴû뵽ôͳˡ
Ǹţٶ̫ˡ
֮󣬿˪Щɻ񣬱̾˿͵
⵹Ҳǽ˵֣˵ǲٿǽˣһ֣֮󣬶뵽
˵ڻǰĵͷɣţӦò棬ڵʵǶҪǿ
һεõԴɣȥԺǿɶ쵼ˣЩҪǰ׼һ¡
ˬɤ˵
й쵼һˡ
̤뵽񾳽磬ʵ٣Ҫǣõ˲ٺö
˼ǼƷ֮ﶼĿţ
Ʒ֮ǿһǿߵĴڵģԣ˶ţҪöƷ֮˭ȥʹá
뵽Լѡ
Ʒ֮̺żŨĴ֮֮⣬Ҫûܹߵһͨ񻯡ڲܽʴ¹˵ǸΪѵõĻᡣ
ӵͨӵ̤Ļᡣ
ȻиǰǶʱһ㣬˶ǰﲻ˵ģƷ֮Уþ̺ĳʱֻҪ㹻ȫԴ߶δ۷ĲΣһԾΪ
ҪöƷ֮ﶼԳɾһĻôһεʴ¹򣬶˵;߱ˡ൱һԶ˰񰡣
ϧ˪ڵУҪȻһо½ˡ
ȻƷ֮ﲻǸ˭˭̤񾳽ģҪƾ輫Ʒ֮񣬱Ҫ߱Ժ츳ﵽһ̶ȲС
ҪȻĻٶļƷ֮̤
Ȼ⼫Ʒ֮ҲǿԼõġ
ԼõĻʣЩͨһΪͨǿԼʵ˵ʵսر޴
Ҫ㹻εˣ̤뵽񾳽Ļǵİöࡣ
öƷ֮֮⣬ǻϵõһöʾ֮ԴⶫȽˣսŵˣõʾ֮Դȫܹսŵս
۷սĽš
ҪĻսŵʵҪУ
֪ܴдԴҲǱڵõЩҪࡣ
뵽
ϵļƷ֮ȻǿԼˣʾ֮ԴҲûҪȥ̰ͼΪǿռдʲôЩҪá
ʱõĶ϶ǺģҲǱǿߵʵ
ڵ˿Լ̤ΣصǺ֮󣬿Ժ;֮һ֣εĶһݻٵ
Ļ൱Ǻӵһǿ񲻱رڶһԶżУǿԽų
Ǻӵķչ˵ȫ˵Ҫġ

ͷѾʼʵʴ¹еõһжȵȫ֮ǵʵ϶øǿ
ڷУȴҲǰδе鷳
ʶ֪ΧΧԲɵķΧڡ
ŵĲĳǳâȥʱȻԼԶ򣬾ȻһЩ½ڳΧ
򣬷ֱɵ塣
е塢壬壡
Է뵽ɷΧ֮ڣӲͬΧ˹ȻǷĴڣ˵ͨĳְ취֪λá
˵ɲǸϢ
ңƺоԼİΧȦԶԶֹ壡
壬еǿ壬пɳһЩǿ壬ʱ˿̣Ҳ׼Щ壬ڻλӡǵ飬·֪һЩҲЩп֪Ĵڵġ
£ΪϾ
ûоʧ룬ΪҵĻɾʹѾˡ
ԷΧ˵һ¡
ΪţԷ໥֮ľ뻹ǺԶģ
Լһܹ˲һǧɵֶΣȫԸЩһλ
ȳһĻȰǸļһɵȣȻٶԸʣµ壬Ҫ׵öࡣ
ӵȻҪȥ
ԶԶľ͸оеͷ½񣬽ͷ½壬ͷ½һͷɫ֮ǰڽļһ
ȸɵ壬Ȼܣ
ûκԥİΧȦʱ̾ѡ˽ķ򣬿ʼһ˲һǧɷ˹ȥ
ͬʱԸͷ½񣬶ڵ˵Ӧûʲô̫ѹġ
ҪͬʱԸͷ½񣬶ǽ½ܲ˵
Ҳûİ취ˡ
Щһɵ뿪
Ȼû˳ѡģҾ˳ĻԵԼõĻλӡ
οҪ˳ĻռЩǶ޹ˣ
ɻָЩȥչǺӣʵҲøǿء
ôսɱ⡣
ֱͷڴ
ͷ½ȻҲежѸپ˷Ӧ
ͷģ񣬷׷׳Χɢ˿ûдһɢȥԿʼԭ󷨣
ûκεӡ
ΪԷҪǾһӲ治һܹԷɵ
ԷȻֿˣҲ͸ƵĻᡣ
ֻҪڶԷķԼ֮ǰһͷɵȫܹ˳ƽͷ½񶼸ɵȥûκε
ԷжĻʱڽ費ʲô̫ǿķģǵķϷ
ԣ£ֻҪɵһͷͿˡ
ĽˣѸٳǰ˲Ƴȥһξܹɳǧɣֻʮ֮ѾͷĸԶ
е½ŶӣڳѸٸŻҪһʱܹϵˡ
֮ǰҪͷ½ȫɵ
һСıԷסôȴĺпܾˡ
ѡһͷ壬׼Ϊǿˡ
û֣ͻȻоΧռЩԾĵطյУȻͻȻðЩ⣬Ȼγһӿȵļ·ֳ˲˵У
ͷ׼ķ󣬾ȻλƫƧҲΪˣһֲ
ѽȥ


1569 
Ȼ
޾֮Ȼ˽ˣȴһȭһȱڣȻȱѸٳƳٽһͷ½ǰ
Щɶ½񾳽ǿߡ
ǳȥÿһܹΪһ뢣ʴ¹УĽˣȴֶֻԿһĶ֡
ɫ޾ǳ˽˵ֱϣȻ󣬺Ȼͷ£
ٴͷ½֮ڶ˲һһĽϣ˽˵Ľɫȭͷϣ˺Ȼ˿ȥ
һͷõĲǹ󷨣ȻǷ󷨣
Ҽͷ干֮ͬһˮ©Ҫһͷ½񣬶⵽ϵķӶ赲סơ
ȻյĽα½Ҫǿö࣬ԷһʱķȴҲܹƵġ
ϳԣŷλȴֻ޷ȥһ㽣ϵķ
Щա
ܿ죬뵽ʲô˵ʱλӡԼͷĸо
Ͱָооͷ˵ĶͷȻҲһöλӡǣ
ʱ˿̣оԼڵĽȻøǿһЩ
ƣ
ûκԥˣȥֻӲƴһ;ߣڻе½֮ǰͷ½ȫɵҪȻĻܡ
ܵ³ʲôпܾ
ܽ˵᲻Ӱ쵽Կ϶Щ½ǲܷŹľģһľ걻ݻˣôˡ
ıڣҲ졣
꣬Ͼһ˵ĸľ߽꣬˵С
ʼһͷĽ½񷢶ơ
ȭͷǿĽͷ½񲻶ϺȥнǰȻֵסŽȭͷ
һȭһȭȥ⽣ϵٶȣƺҪЩϵӣͷ½鶼Щ
е½񣬻ǧɵľ룬ÿ˲һҲʮ˲ƣҲʮʱܹߣֻҪ֧ŹʮʱͿˡ
ǣǻ
ϺȭͷǽϷ󶼴òЩϵĵٶȣѾϲƻٶȣһαһα
ڻе嶼ֻʣǧɾʱһȭ׺ǲ㽣ϣ
ᣬȫȻȭͷ۳һȻϮǰͷ½
ո˺ܾõʽ
Ȼڲܶκͨ似ȴܹ۽ȻƿԷϵʱֱЩۼĽɱһͷ½
ͷ½״ʱһ
ûκԥͷ˸˰׹⣬ȻѡҪ˳ƬˣϾǽǿ½֮ǰȻѾõɱ½ӵʱ˳յʸ
ôܣ
ͷ½ͷŰ׹⣬ȻģԶһ̷ˡ
һߣ϶˶ױ飬Ҳˡ
ΪߵĻǽɵʣ£ôϷǻ˶ûʲô
糢Ա֤Լ
ϧû뵽ǣ˵ʵԶԶ
ǽͷ½ԭڵλãֱӽǵطķ۸ݻٵˣȻֱ˲ɣܵĽ½ԡ
˲۳һ
Ǿ似
ոճԹˣȻܶ似ԼͨطΪԼ϶޷ãһо⣬ȴܹʩչ似
似
Ȼܹ֮߶ֶΣ
ܹþ⣬˵һ˲䱬ԭһȭ屶
Ȼͷ½ϣͷױ˲ķѣΪյеĳ
һͷ壬ڱɵˣ
ڣе½ǣǧɵľ룬εǿ˵ܵʴ¹ƣҲ϶һǧɵķΧڷơ
Ҳ˵ֻʣʮʱ䣬ȥʣµͷ½ɵ
ûκԥɵ˵һͷ֮󣬱㳯һͷ½˲ƹȥȻȭ˽йͷ½
ͷȴܲˡ
ͷͬ˰ɫâӵõˣ£ͷ嵹Ҳ񣬾ȻֱӳĽϳײ˹
޾⣬ҫκһͷ壬乥ǼǿģҪ˵Щ½ˡ
ոյĵһͷǴˣ˲űץסᣬ˲Ծ似ɱˡ
ڶͷ½ȴûôúŪڼһͷʱױϵԼǲˣ£ĵȻҪסͷˣýȥɱͬ顣
սɢ
סȻЩ׷״ĽУȻһֵĽϨ
ţͷֱӴСȡһԴƷ
һżΪ⻬ʯͷʯͷȫ͸ģܹӰǽ˵ӰС
ԴƷͬһǿµľȴǾ˳ġ
ڣ֪ԴƷļҪǷΪġģϾǳ졢м졢߼ȵȡ
Ϊʴ¹ڵĿռУʹмԴƷֻڵĲıӦûûʲôܹõ
ͷ½ֱȡǿʯͷǳԴƷ
֮ǰ½˪һԴƷ֮£ȻǺģԴƷͷ˿ǿ߸˳ȥ
ڣһԴƷǰ
ûиԴƷĻᣡ
⣡
ͷϵĻλӡһȫ۳ɹ⣬֮ͷ½ϡ
һ̣ǽ֧飬Ȼȴֻһ
û뵽һ㣬Էȡ˶һʱ䣬ǼԴƷҲڷӳЧȻӹ⻬ʯͷѳͬһ֮ǣѽС


1570 ֮ʯ
Ľˣ͸ľΧС
ýȭͷȻЩҹȥȴ֣Щ澹ȻܹⷴϵĽɫ涼
⣡
ûκαѡٶȥͷ½ɵҪȻ潫ǳ
֣ƾ屶Щû취ֵһȻ飡
ţ׼ͷ½ڵλãֱӾ˲˹ȥ
ǽ½ƾǳԴƷѽסһʱ䣬Ȼû˳ռ䡣
ͻƵʵ̫ˡ
ʱ䣬ٴͷ½ǰ
ȫ֮Ȼ˽ϣ
ⲢδԽʲô˺һΧɢȥЩȫ赲֮⣬Ȼڽĺɢ
һۣЯ֮ƣֱͷ½ǰ
һ˸ۣǽ֣һ
Ȼոյһ֮ǽ½֧飬Ȼһ
׼ĵڶá
ʶ֪ռǼǿģǽ½Ļɵ֮û˸ʶ֪Ĵڣһҵ˶ԷĴڣȻյУܵĺ
һ̣Ȼ
ͷ½񣬾ɵǼԴƷҲö⻬ʯͷֱӾС
֮ʯ
һԴƷҲǿʹõģƺȼü֮
Ϊԭͷ½̫ʱ䣬ȥҪǻҪɵʣͷĻǲܵ顣
ԴƷܹһµġ
֮ʯ֮Ի
Ľ˵ֽ֮ʯȻ󷢶ԴƷЧʱһƽ۳
Щһƽ棬͸ոհסľ֮һֱЩе塢½ǰʣͷ½Ⱥе·ߡ
ͷһͷֱӾ˰׹⡪ǸоԼ޷ȥˣֱӾѡ˳
ʱǵûвֻӴܣΪǺӴûκõģڲʱ϶ᱻͷɵʮʱ䣬пѾ㹻ˣ
Ͼոͷǵǰȫʲô
һɣ
ţͷȥ·Ľ½һ̽ȻԴƷȻ۳һ֮ǣ
һȼŽɫľ֮ǣͷҪһԸĽ嶼С
Ȼ֮ǺȻ鿪
ûκεеͷ½ֱӻҷˣֵסö֮ʯԴƷֶΡ
ʣµͷ壬ɵĸɵˣое㲻˼顣
ԴƷȻܲȻԽýȻ󱬷ǿƻǱȾ⻹ҪǿϺüӡ
˵ȻǺ£ҲڴõõԴƷǸ߼ԴƷʵֵز
߼ԴƷжֻһһ
һʼͿˣλλӡǵĴߣ޷ֱӵõǼģֻ֮ܵԷɵܹ
˵˵õǼ֮ǰ½ȫϳȥɱʣıͶһ˵ġ
һ֣˵ǱȽѵġ
Ҫɱõ˸߼ԴƷĶ֣ڵ״̬ܿԸһͷ½񣬶ԸǼ߼ԴƷ
Ҫ˵õǶ֮ǰ½ȫϳƬռ䣬Ǿ͸ʵˡ
Ÿոոɵ˽ͷ½񣬻ʣͷе½񣬻ͷ½񣬶˵Ǹܴս
Ȼ˳ԴƷԷʣʮ嵱УܿͬӵĶֹӵһ
ɵͷ½ѹ΢Щ
ȥתܡ
ûѡʮԿΪ֮ʯ۳һ֮ǣԷʮ岻һʱھʹˡ
˵ԷԿǲܵ顣
ŶԷδԼΧ̾תܣһзӴܣƬյУһ֮Ӱʣ»е½оһ֡
һôǿʵȻ뵽ܣ
ˣӵеʵǳȻܹɵ½񣬵ͬʱϳʮ½ʱȫǲֵܵ˵ġ
Ƕ˸ˣȻ󲻶ϳǷ׷ɱȥ
ĽȴԽԽԶ
Ϊһ˲Ʊܷɳһǧɵľ룬½ƬռУȴֻܹǰһɡ
ܹĳǿķУҪȻҪסɱǲܵ顣
е֮˲ż
һΣֱ˳ƬգҲȫģΪ½Ѿˡ
У塢е߶˵ƿгٷ֮ʮԴڽ½ˣȴǻʣô½
ʴ¹֮г׽ôе壬ѽһѹȥӶõԴ
ΨһҪעľǽˡ
ΪͷɫԵʣ֪˵ݣҲǽɫһ֪ѣûаϢκ֪
ԼĴ㡣
ܿͷǳһɵľ룬ҲҲǽ˵ӰǻǼʧķ׷ȥ
ΪܿǾͻ˵ġǰǸϣǿɳǿ໥Կ
ҪȥȻʵǿҲô׵ġ
еȫԺϾģ׷ȥȵǱߴĲٳ֣պÿ֮
̴÷ǳϧжʵ̫ˣ쵽ǸͲ²ⲻĵز
ȻܵˣǰһҵľϣǿȺ໥Կ
ĸУǿȺѾս˽ӽβڳֵĻպʰоֵʱ˵Ǽõ
κγƬռе½񣬶ĵˡ
ֻҪɱĶɱɾͿˣ
ҪսǾͲܷŹκһɱ֮壬Ѿкܶ౦ﱻ½ȥˣҲʹʧô౦


1571 ֱ
ĹΪѸ͵һΡ
ǰսβ壬ǿɳеĳ壬ڿɳеĵλͲеĽ塢еͽ塣
Ϊ׼򣬷ֱʴ¹ΧǺӵУÿ϶Ƿֿġ
ոһֱھģĻ϶壬ȻҲ⣬Ⲣ࣬Ʊ˿⡣
һ˵Ƭյʱλöģϣǻᰴλȥ֡
Ϊˣ塢еڼͬʱʱڣڴɹǲܴӺԶĵطܵĴڣȴڿʼ֮ǰԼһǰ
ĻкܴĽˡ
Ȼڻе塢½˵ǲ֪˵ʵݵģֻǵõ֪ͨ˵нһĴڣڸɵĻôܴ
Ϊȷⲻµıͻе˫
ȴû뵽ġ
½ڳ;νĴڣǽ˾Ȼôǿƣܹڶʱڰѽ½񶼳׸ɵ
ʣµĻеԥȴţɵ˽ܹõ޴ĺô
ʵҲˣУĽ˱ɵĻôеʮ½񣬽ƽʣµб
ҲǷǳջˡ
Ϣھֻһ֪
Ϊڴ֮ǰֹֻţͬУΪһͷˣ
Ϣȫֻĸ߲֪͸¶ȥ
еλ˵ǿߣѱչأ˵ڲͻƵ龳ĹؿѾûгˡ˭֪ڣϣǿػߡ
ʲôΣôǿ֣߳Ȼܹɨеϰ
ĵڣ
ǻеͽ壬ǲ֪Ϣġ
ǿռģеͽţѡӡ˻λӡǣԺʱУȻһеĶҲǲ֪ġ
ǿɳڶԿʱһʱֱӳ˹ȥ
ûκεԼʵÿһ˲ƶﵽһǧɵľ룬ֻǼͿԿĳ
֮˴󵨵ĿΪ໥Կֻܹʣ½ˣ½񻹶˵ģһӲٷ֮ٵ
壬໥֮ޣƴʵ̫ڲˡ
ߵͬ嶦Ļ໥䶼Լ໥ƺ⣬Ѫƴôࡣ
ɳȴһ
һЩȽС壬ֻ壬ʵ̫ˣʴ¹˵ͷֱʮһʮ½
ԶԶ˽塢е廹ġ
壬֮һȻһ塣
Ȼһĸ壬һֳɺܶ࣬ÿһ嶼ֲ˵еֲ
ȻȻһյҲȫࡢһȫ棬ܹȫλոĺ̫֮ĸ壬֮УϸΪֺܶͺܶϵͲ֪ˡ
صϣѧԺжصĲȫ棬˵֪ˡ
ֻ֪Щһﶼ½񣬶½ʵǱȲĽ˵ġ
㹻ˡ
ֻҪʱСЩһȫʱϾǱȻرǿ󣬵һʲôԴƷϣʲôطֶ֮Σǻ⵽һЩ鷳ġ
鷳һˣҲԽ
һ屻ʹһ塱ÿһ嶼һŹ⣬ʹһĸһĻǸɫĹӵһ
ͬɫʹһ壬ܹںΪһµĸ壡
ʹһǿĵطǿͨںϣӶѸ磬ҲΪˣʹһƺΪʹߡ
ҲֻΪʹߵǣܹӵ˿ݵΪ
ȻʹһĽУ飬߻ԸںϣǿһСһĵɣʹһ彮жɱ¾ա
Ҳ͵ˣʹһÿһ嶼ʮǿ
ΪСͻᱻɣʶȨûУ
ʹһ壬ʴ¹У̤񾳽ĴܹʮȻһʮһǿ̤񾳽磬вμʴ¹Ľٸ嵱У嶼ǼΪǿƵġ
ڽ͵򣬶ûôĳԱΪǰٶȷǳ졣
ÿ΢һģǵһжԣЩ۷ǿ֮ľ˵Ҳһ£ҪȻĻܾܿ͵òλӡˡ
Ȼ֪λӡǶԼûʲô٣õⶫܹʵǿһǿ϶ˡ
оԼڻָΪ壬ҲܹȥսˣΪѾѧ˼ͷϻλӡǵķ
ʱ˿̣лʣͷȻһĸ壬ͷʹһĸ塣
Ϣǣʣͷʹһĸ壬ǲͬɫģֱɫɫͰɫ
ζ໥֮޷ͨںʵҲζţͷʹһ嵱УܿһͷͷѾͷ½ںϵһģĻǵĸʵᳬ½ܶࡣ
δ̫Щ
ʵ½񳬳Ĳһ㣬ںʹһ壬ҲֵܵסĽ
ϾԷֻʣˣ໥֮仹Ѫ𣬻ϣǲһԸġ
ȿһͷȻһ½
ͷȻһ½һЩɫ֦ɣŤĺɫɣŲٺɫҺ壬ܵ˺صˣ˿вѪҺһ
ֱûиͷȻһ½κλᣡ
ȻȻһʹһʵرǿⲢеÿһ嶼ǿϾҶ½ƾʲô½Ҫǿ
Ȼһ½Ѿʶ˽˵ĵֱ׼û뵽˾Ȼ˹ϵĳȭͷ
Ȼܹһ˲ǧɾ룬ǸоǾȣһֱˣʼΪֻʹһǵĶ֣ǲûеһʱܻ˵˳Ƭռ䡣
ʵϣڻʣͷ½񣬶ûʸ˳Ƭռġ
ȻһʹһȻԿƴɱʸ˳ȥģѾ˳ȥˡ̫࣬ȡ˶뿪ʸȻһ뿪ġ
߾ߣ˿ͣ
߲ģ취ȥɱ壬߶ȡ֮еĲп֮


1572 ľ
ֱӳ嵽ͷȻһĺɫǰ
ȻȭͷϣȻԾַ˳ȥֱǼһϣ
ûκεһȭ۵Ľ⾶ֱ͸Ǻɫʹһ󶴡
Ȼһǿĵطǻָ
ͷɫĶЩָȴǼĿֲ
ǽɵˣ侹Ȼһʱ֮ڣ㳹׻ָֻϲĺɫ֭ҺȻˡ
ȴɵģʹһ֮ǰͶɵġ
ϾǸȻһԿ˲֪µˣʹһ֪ȻһĻָǿȻЩķȥԸǵģʱڣȻǿĽȻԶЧ˺ǲ졣
δֹͣͷȻһĹơ
֮ʯУ֮ʯУȻ֮ͨʯķʽͷȻһļһ﹥ȥ
ɵľ֮ǣֱӽͷɫΧȻɫľ֮ǶȻը
о֮ˬĵطڵӽһΪĵκܹѸٴӸеõ䡣
Ȼ˵գʵϣÿһռж̺̫֮ռ̫֮໥ԲͬĽṹɵġ
˵ܹȻȻ̫֮תΪϤ
񾳽ǿ֮
Ȼо˵ʵѾֻ񾳽ˣѾԽ便ʲôΣͲ֪ˣΪδ˵ֲΡ
֮ϣŶԣʵϣӵʵ
ɫľ֮ǺȻڳγһɫУͷɫȻֲָʱ˿̣ȴȫûеУһûʣ¡
ֶεĿֲʣµͷȻһ循
ʵϣȻһ廹ǺܺöԸġ
Ϊжٶһ㶼ȽϳٻҪǶڿռģԼľϵ̫֮ղǿûôߵԣԵǵԲ㡣
ΪȻһд󲿷ֲֶܹľϵ̫֮ˡʵǣպ෴
û֪ΪʲôһʵҪ̽ĻͷǵҪȥоȻһԶʷ׷ѰĲˣκ˵ǲġ
жٻȻһ壬ƾǻָǿᡣ
ʹһ壬ҵİ취ԸȻһ壬ǺѽһͷǿȻһ峹ɱģ˫Ϊ£ҪɱһͷȻһĸ壬ҪĵԷſ
Ҳһܼ򵥵İ취
Ǿǣøǿʮȥѹ
ĻȻһĻָȫûˡ
ԣȻһ϶ǿĸפڱ߽磬Ĳͬ
ȻһĽ߽ϣһЩǿػţٶ߶δ׵Ĵڣ񶼻פڱ߽硣
佮֮УǿҲ٣ǱȽСȻһ󱲣ȻһǿߣΪǵĺ󱲴õ
ЩȻһǿߵػ£ֵȻһ彮ڲ
Ѿ⸽ΪǿĴˡ
һﵽȻһ壬Ͽ˵ǲģһͷȻһ񣬶ܹԶԿͷʹһ֤һʱ䡣
һʱ䣬㹻Ȼһϵ֧Ԯˡ
򵥵˵Ȼһ壬ȫӲ͡
ߣôǣǿߣɾԾԵ䳹ѹɱˡ

ܹԾͷɫȻɱҲʹʵѾԶԶ񾳽ĺɫ
ܹһξ˲ǧɵĴڰ
ʣµͷȻһбߣʱĽ˷˹ơ
بżģľģ
似屩ɱ
ͷȻһʩչΪǿƵֶΡ
һͷҰɫֱӴ߶بżģȻǾģľģبż侫񹥻ֶΣȻ˲ʴԺȥ
һͷȻһ壬ȫȻɢȻѸٷֽһ۶Сյн˶Χ
ȻЩֽ⿪СȻÿһö˼ֲƻոյĽɫ֮Ǳƣˣ
һʱԭ
ľ걻Էľĸƣһʱ޷ѿоԼ·뵽һ޾ĺڶУȻźڶв׹ȥ
׹䡭
׹䡭
Զûоͷ
޾ĸоľԽԽվǱյѣϵԼܾʹ˳ȥҪȻɾ군ˣ
似屩ɱǲı˷˵˶û
ڣһ˲ûܵʲô̫صƣֻ֮Ľɫ澹Ȼ˺ܹܶ࣬ӳȻһЩ
ȻоõԼѸٻָС
ؼľ꣬بżľĸ˺ڶһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷־ᶨҪ޾ڶѣҪʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ܹܶˡ
ǺڣгͷȻһ½֮⣬ͷʹһ½ڡ
Ȼһ½񱻽˸ɵһȻʣͷֱӹǽ˵ʱͷʹһ½˷ܡ
Ϲ⡢⡢׹⣬ͷʹһ½ͬʱжʩչֶͨΣʾģƳͷȻһȻ
Ǻ˶ǵвǲֶҪɵ
ǣΪˣǲŻԥȻһ嶯֡
ɵͷȻһ壬޷Ƭռ䰡
ʹһȻһǿߣЩȽ˵ģѾ뿪ˣʣ˫½񣬱Ҫɱһ֣ߵõһܹƬռ䡣
˫໥֮ĳԹûȥΪ֣ս
˵ĵƶ˱仯
ͷȻһ壬ҪɵΪͬ鱨
ͷʹһ壬ҪѸٸɵͷȻһ壬Ȼ뿪Ƭռ䣬ӮȨ
Щһﶼ½˭ҲҪûܳȥڵС
ԣųȥͷʹһĵһҪ
ΪȻһͷͷʹһ໥֮仹־˼Ͼ˾ͷտ϶ֻܹųȥʣµһҪôһȥɵ壬ҪôҪˡ
ľɵڶС
˵ǣͷʹһæӵ˴Ϣʱ䡪ȻҲһվǻʧܶҪָ൱鷳ġ


1573 ǿں
õ˴Ϣʱ䡣
ͷȻһ½˵ͱ쳣ˣǸնԽ˷˹ƣȴͷʹһ½Ҫǵġͷ
ʹһԵĹƼΪң˲޾ͷȻһ嶼У֮ڶյв˸ŸɫĹâ
ɫɫͰɫͷʹһ½õһ
ɫʹһ壬õ׵Ե֮ɫʹһ壬Ե֮ɫʹһ壬ƿſռ֮
ͬʱͷȻһ½û취赲
ϲصƣȻѸٵĻ̵ָУȴϲϱ˺ٶȣϾʹһԸȻһҲԼһ׷ʽġ
ʱȻľĸɵ޺ڶС
ǰĺڶȴǱԽԽɫ𽥳ǰ޾ĺڶн˳ʱѾȥʱ䣬ЩģԼĽ֮ǲѾش
ѹʱȴȻһʹһ˫Ѿڼҵ໥ˣΪ⣬֮еĳԹҲǶһ˽⡣
һͬʱѹסĽˣһ໥Ҳǲܻġ
Ȼһ½˵Ҫȥͬ鱨Ҳȥʹһ֡
Ҳһ
ôеǰ໥Ҳ֡
˵ȻǸϢ
֪ĻùˣطûбѾȡȻ˳Ƭռ䡣
⼸ͷʹһȻһҲȡ߸ı˰ɣ
ǻƴȥɱһһһʣ£Ҫôɱ˶ѡ˳ȥ
ѹʱ˫ݱ
΢˼һֱ֮ӳԶ˿ȥûȥ뵽Էսȥѡǧ֮սҪȷЩһȫ
е׷һʱ䣬żô뿪ȥ
ͷȻһ壬ͷʹһѹŴ򣬼ûκλ֮ȻһֲĻָȻǼԭأӻǺѱɱһ
Ȼͷʹһ壬ѾûʲôѹǲܱȻһ巭̵ˡ
ԭܿʹһȻһʣµ½Ҫ໥ֺܳʱֳܹʤˣɵһͷȻһֱӾͱһߵ
Ȼһ壬ǲ
ȴǲûܣʹȫҪͷʹһס
־񣬵ΪҲп֮䵽ж
ȻҲܲˣҪ֪Ȼһ屾ٶȲ죬򲻹ĻϾֻܵˣȥ֮ǰҲɱǵļһصĴۡ
ͷʹһȴϼΪĬֶʩչȻ󹹽һһķϣֵסȻһǰķˡ
ȻǾȫͷȻһ壬ȴʩչ崫طϿʼȼ
ȼͬʱսǿܹԽһȥԸˣطʩչĴڹؼʱ̵ĻȻһǿ϶ᶯֶεġ
ڣȴ˳
ΪǿˣҪģ䱻ʹһɱǻֱȼһпܶԶԷһЩ˺һ棬пԼȼ¶ԷòͷӶ޷˳Ƭռ䡣
ΪȤĿųС
ҪͷȻһȫȼĻͷʹһȫ޷뿪
ǵԶ֡
ҡҡͷӻֱӸɵԷˣʱ䣬Ҫ֪˷ʱĻܿʱڣ½ȡ˸౦
ûԥһһսС
һ˲ƹһǧɣȻ˵ȭͷʩչ˾⣬һɫⲨ˲Ϯ
Ŀһͷʹһ壬Ҳͷƿ˿ռİɫʹһ壬һԷǳߣɵĻԷܿܶһЩ鷳
Ȼ˽屶ƻǼһİɫâ֮ϡʹһȫǹ壬âǵ
ֵٶȼֲһ˲͵ԣֱǰ׼ģͷɫʹһûκηӦʱ䣬ֱӱ͸
ţſᴩĽȻ㱬˿
ոնýʱ򵽵һ÷ԽԽԽϤܹԸʽʩչӶӦԸֲͬ
Ȼ飬ǰɫʹһ˲ûκλȥĿܡ
ϾЩʣµļһûеõʲôģȻɾ񣬵ս徫ӢȽǲһЩģڹؼʱ̣ҲûʲôıֶΡ
ţٴȡ֮ʯԽֶΣһ֮ǣֱӰһͷȻһ
һֱ̣֮ӱ飬ŸգͷѾ˺ȼȻһ壬϶׸ɵʬǶٳǰ
Ҳʱͷɫʹһ壬Ȼһ飬ǾǳԵɫʹһ˹ȥ޾ɫâȻ
ɫʹһûзӦͱֱɣȻ߾Ȼʼ໥ں
ǿںϵֶΣ
ʹһ壬ͬɫ໥֮ǺںϵģΪ໥ųԼָãںϳɹˣµںϳĸ壬ԭҲر
ûа취ˡ
ͷʹһ壬ۿŰɫʹһ屻һиɵȻһͷȻһֱɵ֪ҪȥĻֻһ·ߣ
ʵϣǵȷܹɹ
֮֮ǰǾѾǿںϳɹˣȻں֮Ŀֲ˲ʣͷȻһɵˡ
Ȼһ屾˵ģȫֵסǿں֮ʹһ塣
ȻԺʾ֢ڣǿںϵʹһȴ쳣ǿ
ɱͷȻһǿںϵʹһͷֱð˰ɫâʾҪ뿪ռˣֻҪʮʱ䣬Ǿܹųȥ
ֱڲŸպô߶֮еĽʹȻʣһͷȻһɵˡ
ܵõǿںϵʹһֲ֮ڶʱڣѾܹ˵Ტˣ
Ȼǿںϵʹһ壬ɫɫɫ䣬Ҳڿ˥Ĺ̵Уǿںģȶʱǿʱ
ȥⶫˡ
һԷĿֲ˵ˣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
Էûдʲô˳ͺˡ
ɫĹâһۣȻת˲Ƴǧɵľ룬ԶԶˡ


1574 ѱ
뿪ͷǿںϵʹһ壬ʮʱ֮ͻᱻͳȥ
ǿںϸʹһĸΣͲҪȥעˣ϶ܾˣ˵ԺһʹһͷʲôͻĻҲеô
٣ǿںϺʹһ壬սǲЩȻںϵʹһġ
Χһۡ
յУһʮﶼѾȡˣʧȥҫǳâЩǼƷ֮ֻõöǴȥˡ
ΧıҲûа취ȥȡ
Ϊôǿֻжһˣڿʼʱǽͷ˷ӿɢڸļƷ֮϶类ȡߵġ
ȡ˼Ʒ֮֮гһ½ѡ˳ģûȥȡⲿֵļƷ֮
Ҫõöˡ
½ڵڶı϶һʱ䣬Ӷȥȡ׶ΣûаպûᣬҪǸպǣ̫ʱˡ
ǵıỷڡ
˵ջʱˣڣҲʱΡ
ϣ壬ڵı㸽Щ൱ء
˵յУֻʣʮ½ڣЩǿģҪȡеѽ߼ԴƷ
ڣǱ㸽ҲӦвǿڶš
ʣʮ½嵱Уһ룬ʵǿᣬҪø౦ļһȥпľļһ
Щһһ˵Ѿӵ˳յʸģ򲻹ͿܣűȽϴİȫԡ
ҪɱЩһʵ˵ѶȲС
Ĳ˵ֻҪԷӵһԴƷҪɱԷûôˡ
ôҲֻܼǰǱսƬռûκһ˲С
֮ǰҪȫɵЩ½񣬸ɵһһԼҲܹõһ㱦
ڵĹ˵Ҳֻܹסһټﵱеķ֮һֻ֮һпܵģ޷֤ǰ£ȻҪȡһı
һ߼ԴƷһҪֵģ
ֱӳɹȥˡ
оЩרĳϹȥ½ӦòѾҪˣ뻹ңʱ䣬ӦǸպü
ڸĻе塢ȵȣȥˡ
Ҫ׷Լ;׷ˣԼٶǵʮ׷ϲŹء
Ҫעǣɲڸǿ߼սʱ򣬱ЩһΧսʱʱ̱ž裬һжԼһ֮ڣͱ߶ʶ֪ȥԷݣ
Ͽյ롣
;оһĲı㣬кпܻبż֮Դⶫ˵ûܴ󣬵˵ǿ϶Ȳһ߼ԴƷġ
ϾһԴƷܹʵبż֮Դսʲôʵı仯
ôǼ߼ԴƷҪ֡
룬һȷѪᡣ
Դ׼ǻƬУȻǿĴڣȥһ£ʲôõʴ¹鴫أ
ܿ죬ıߣ
֣һȦ֮˻һȦջСõ˳ԴƷ֮ʯսС
ҪǣѾȷǰȫ뿪оǷһʯͷԼһ˰Ľбᣬ÷ȥˡ
Ȼ˪ɱˣҲû취飬ߵĸѾܲˣʴ¹ȥ֮ʵضǿࡣ
Ҫ֪帽塢壬μʴ¹֮󣬲ûгֶ½
񸡻뿪֮ǰǰ׼鿴һǶԷ֮⣬ЩУֵ½ֻһ
Ȼǳ壬ЩѾһˡ
οЩ½񻹲һܴлųȥء
Ѿ뱦ɷΧ֮ڣʼ鿴еһӵһΪλãȻʮͷǿ½໥ţ
ʮͷǿ½񣬴žͷֳӪȻǰֵġ
Ϳһͷ塢һͷ壬Լһͷλò˶٣ӦʱˣͬʱͷԨ塪Ԩ嵹ɼҲ
ͷԨʵǼΪǿģҪȻҲǸģλѱˡ
ܹܵͷԨϣһͷǵõһԴƷģ΢עһ£Ҫɱһ﷽ĻȰˣԴƷõ֡
֣似֮⣬Ҫ෢ӳͱ붯ԴƷˡ
ԣЩԴƷҲҪĿꡣ
в½ӵмƷ֮ģöЩһͶõ˼Ʒ֮󣬾ͣĳܹˣ˲ʱ򣬵οռλá
ʱ䣬ȷ̫ࡣ
Ϊһ촫ߣһҲֻܾܱ֤ܵõö߼ԴƷѾ뵽ˣҪβܵõѱôʧǼġ
Ѹٹ۲һ³е
棬һͷ壬һͷ壬һͷǿߣͷԨǿߣܹ½
ɳ棬ܹ½ʵ϶ģͿѱᵱ˭ӵĺã˭ӵòã˭ֱԣ˭ֱſˡ
˲䣬ÿʵ඼ʱҪٷ֮ٶǼѱǲܵġ
Ȼǳ
ʵЩ½ÿһ֮ϣֻҪԷΧôҪյõǺܿܵġ
ûеĿռ䣬ЩһоͻȻж
ͷ壡
½һ޴ʯͷֱӾð˰ɫâʮ֮ͻᱻͳȥ
ͷ˰׹ʱֱӾͳ룬дһǧɵѱȥ
һ뷨ҪڸպȡǱʱ˳Ƭռ䣬Ӷõռеѱ
ӣͬΪ嶼ˡ
رͷ塣
ǽܶණģΪľѱô䱻½ߣ


1575 ̫
ͷͷ˰׹⣬ѱＲйȥʱ򣬰ڵǿߣͬʱΪǾȻҪֹȥѱ
˵ÿһ½ʶĽˣţȫվһ
£˭ҪԶʳǲܵġ
½֣ж˲նͷ½һ־꣬Ȼһ곹
⾹ȻһֱӹֶΣ
ͷԨͬʱ֣ƾֲ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬߳½ѹȹȥƾƱѾǼһﳯǰеͷ
ȥҲûʲôÿˡ
ͷ½ʵ̫һЩʵرǿҲǱѰ½΢ǿһЩˣƾȽϿٶȣܹһ·ϵط
Ҫ½򲻹
˿뱦ûбȡߡ
ԼռʱĳʱԼԣıһ̯ɫˮڽɫˮبż֮Դ
ڣبż֮Դȴǻ˵Ĳıȥĳ˸߼ԴƷ
΢۲һ£ŷԭ
ԭĲ㣬ѱ㶼ڻƶŵģܵʱ򣬻һǿķ֣ʹ䲻ôױȡߡ
뵽ͷȥһȦûйעıλãڣبż֮Դı㣬ԭڵĲ㱦ĸ߼ԴƷѾλá
˵ġ
Ϊȡ߱ҪѵʱԽԽ㹻ʱסЩ
뱦ϵĸ߼ԴƷȻڻƶУѱƶΧʮ½Ҳͽƶ
̵֣УΧһĲıڿƺҪ뱦㽻һλá֮ͬǰبż֮Դ͸߼ԴƷλһ
໥λ뱦Ķ϶ҲǷƷ
ǶʲôϾгһɵľ룬ʶ֪о
ϳǸ߼ԴƷϹȥ
ʱΧ½ȻҲ˽˵ĵȴû̫⡣
˵Щİǰƺûм³Щ½ţһ壿
û֪ĸ򶼲ڣһĸ塣
Ȼ򣬵ڲ½֣ĿҪѳЩһȫߣ
Ȼ֮ǰõЩһǼȡС
ܹʼᣬ֮ͷˣõⱦﱻĪȡˣⱦԼϵĻʼǷĲ
ÿ˲һǰܿڱ֮ǧɵĵطͣ
½΢Щ֣ˣôͣǵطˣȼ뵽ԼӪȥ
ڶ½ڹעĽ˵ʱ򣬳иһжԿɳһͷ½һźɫâ
ʹһ壡
Ϻɫâ˸ͷϰ׹ͬ˸˲䳯뱦㼲жȥͬʱɫâ۳˺üʸģĹâ̼ƿճ뱦Ϯȥ
ҪݻٱΧķϣȻһܹɹҪĹǿ϶Ҫġ
ͷɫʹһ壬ʹһεǿߵУҲһʵģոͷһﲻͬʹһӵĺǿս
ոļһճֱ㱻ǽǿһնһ־꣬Ȼͷ֮ʱ㱻ͷԨйȻ顣
ڣͷɫʹһ壬ڿʼֵʱ򣬾ȻͷԿɳ½񶼷Ƕԭأһʱ侹޷֣
ʣ°ͷ½ʱڳ뱼Ϯȥսʼ
뿿ձ˾뱦һǧɵķΧڣ½񲢲֪ܹһ˲ƳһǧɵķΧ
ʱƾ裬ҲҪǼɱﵣ
ʹһĺɫâܿͽӽ뱦㣬۳ĺɫʸٶȸ죬ֱӱ˱Χķϣ׷ױֲĴ͸ǽɫɵķ϶͸˺üȱڳ
ɫʹһѸٿȥͬʱһɫĻϣ뱦Χƿն
ɫĻϣȻ½ȫͷ
ɫʸۣƿϮ뱦ΧʣĽɫϸϴ͸ƻ
ӣҪ̫ʱ䣬ͷɫʹһȡǼҲǼ߼ԴƷˡ
ͷаͷ½ڿأǺɫĻϣֵܵסǶ೤ʱ䣿
ңԭԭصĿɳͷ½Ҳƿ뱦㴦׷˹
ͷ½ֺ£ǺɫĻֻǼʱѾȳѺۣۿžҪ
ҲʱǺɫʹһڣʱҫһɺɫĹâ
һмԴƷڳ
һһɺɫӣɢѪһĹâԵü졣
мԴƷ֣ΧĺɫĻ϶ʱͱӳһɺ֮ɫȻӵżֲķ
ԴƷ֮ǰĲͬ
һҲʼ뿿ȥ
ĸоɫʹһȡмԴƷһõģΪĲ㻹أûбȡߡ
Ҳ˵мԴƷͷɫʹһһʼЯģ
ͷôⶫͻᱻʴ¹գΪ´ʴ¹֮Ľ֮һ
ǣӵмԴƷǿߣôʴ¹У̫˵Χ
ڣмԴƷӳֹĺɫĻϣҲһӾͱҡҡģȴͻȻһι
ȥĻ뱦ﻹпܱͷɫʹһȡߵ
߶мԴƷҲǴɺɫܹʮöӣȻǴͷģô϶ĳϵġ
֮ǰõĽɫСԴƷʱֻܹʮ֮һѡ
õ֮ʯҪҲ߶ҪȻ͵ûʱȥĥϡ
ͷɫʹһ壬Ȼǲʲôģȴ˺ܶʱȥĥϣܹӳԶԶЩյõԴƷ½
Ҳ͵ˣɫʹһ壬ʵԶ½
£֮ǰĳһδʴ¹ȥʹһ壬ԴƷɫʹһ壬һʴ¹еõõĳɼ
䲻ʹۿžҪ뱦ȡˡ


1576 
İͷ½ż
ǻû뵽ͷɫʹһ徹Ȼ˱ӣȻмԴƷӳԶڵʵ
ȴǸպõġ
ΪʱΧ½עͷɫʹһϣһһڴãǺɫʹһ彫ؿ
ҲǸһõжᡣ
ң̵׶βŻᱩ¶ɱﵣмĿܰߡʹһ壬ǸоԼһʧ𣿡
ţΪζ
ûĻôɫʹһ廹пܵóѣǸ߼ԴƷȡˡ
ϧǣĽˣ
ʱѾǲɺɫĹĻϲɵľ룬ֱ̧Ǿ֣һֲⲨȻǲɺɫĹĻ֮ϣ
ͷ½ںɺɫĹĻϣȴ޷ݻ١
֣ʱǲɺɫĹĻϸ˿
Ľ֮ܣ˼ֲĴ͸óڶ½ȫһ
˵Ǽ¡
Ϊţͷɫʹһ彫ܹô׵İ뱦ȡˡ
ɺɫĹĻϣֱӺһȱڣͷ½ڽǲĻϳ˺ѿȻ׷׳뼲ɽȥ
ɳͷ½Ҳϵˣͷɫʹһ巢˹ơ
ʹһδ׹ƱΧĽɫϣɺɫĹĻϾͱƣ⣬ͬʱĽ˲Ľ䱸
ҪȺһЩҪԼΪʸ֮ģͷϵİ׹ȴԲܹ󳷣һ󳷣ô뱦ﳹԵ
Ҫ뿪뱦㣬½ȻǲȥˣҲܵõ뱦ˡ
뱦Ŀˣ
û˺
ҪƴһΣ
һɺɫʮöϣ˲両ֳʮɫâȻͷɫʹһʮʮʮһֱΧʮһͷ½
ȻֱĽڴϮ
ɫâ˲Ϯȫ
ɺɫʮöӣмԴƷӵĹЧ۷һ֣ȻֹЧҪԴƷ˶ʮϤ˲ܹʩչ
Ҳɴ˿ɼԴƷٷ֮һͷģȻʩչֶΡ
ʮֶΣȻħҪǿһЩΪʮɫʹһķʵ䱾ȻȫͬһҪ䱾
˵ﵽ񾳽֮󣬾ûһ˵ˡ
˲۵ʮʹһΧжȫֵסˣǺɫʹһ屾Ǽۺɫʸ뱦ΧĽɫϺȥ
ʮ۳ʱ֮ǲɫڱ䳹׻飬Ȼ󣬺ɫʹһֱӵ룬ǼյСС
ٹʱ䣬ͷİ׹ͻὫֱӴƬռ䣡
ʱΪܹõ뱦½Ҳƴ
ͷԨ壬ֱöˮΣһöˮסʹһĺɫöˮΣֱԼֲٶռ䣬ȻϮĺɫʹһ壡
½ǧȻ˲仯ӰǺɫʹһ֮д͸䳹ױ鿪
һУѾͷĳǿبżӰʩչǿһܹͨǺɫʹһķ˲ƿ
ţӰգɫʹһ弲ȥ
½һʱ֮޷ͻǺɫȴ۳޾ĺ֮ͬبżĺģӦҲδʴ¹򵽵ˡ
ܹط½ûκһߣⲻ۵ı½񣬶بż˲ʵıѩԲǧɵķΧڶγһƬѩأ
بż֮ɫʹһĶһ룬Ҫʩչʲôֶȥֵ塢ԨĹƣԵüı׾ˡ
ͷԨǿƹҲǼ̶£ɱһ١
пɳͷ½ʱҲǸʽֶΣָġ似ԴƷĹƣ˷ӿĺɫʹһ塣
ʹһѾԤϵ״
ֻҪʱ䲻յѱˣʴ¹Ӯң
ȻԼΪĶѡ
һ̡
ֻʣһʱʱͷɫʹһڱΧ޾ĹƸΧֻԵֶΣϣʹɫâ˲ͻҷˣûһ˿˿ĵֿ
Ǽѱȴûе½ǰ
ֻǸ
Χ½ȫӦʣһʱ䣬ôҵõǼһ
ֽ׶ΣҲֻĽˣʼձ侲
½ȥΧǺɫʹһʱûжǰȫעʶ֪֮ϣΪľǷֹԷʲôķѡ
ʵ֤Ȼ¶ˡ
˵Ĺںɫʹһϵʱܵһ볯Χɴ˳ȥѸٳԶȥ
Ǳضĺɫʹһ
֪ͬģһͷԿɳı塣
һǳɫĺһǻɫĻ棬ͬһ壬Ǻʹһ塢ȻһһԿɳġ
췴Ӧıͷ½ֱӳǺɫʹһش˹ơ
ԽȻֱ֮ͬǳɫͻɫӳγһ񱩵ıУһͨҽʾ֮
ȻֻǶʾ֮Ŀֲ֮ڣֲͬԵ㣬רطٿ£ܹ
ǿӡ˱Դ֮ʾ֮Ǳبżĵ
ǿߣܹͬʱһبżģһبżģôܹӳʲôʵ
˲䴴ռеһжУڱֲ֮ܿϴ
Ǻɫʹһ屾˲䱻˳ڱУȫ˸بżĴ߶һɢϵϵı֮
ȥǱȻȴҲ赲ͷʹһ屻ͳȥ
Ҳʱڶˡ


1577 
һ½񣬶ʾı֮޷ͷɫʹһʱĽˣڶˡ
һ˲䴫͵˶ԷԣȻ֮ʯԽ߶һ˲۳һ֮ǡ
ɫľ֮ǰǺɫʹһ峹У
Ȼ󣬽Ȼ
޾ĽɫбɢΧе¶ȶֱ½񶼸оǽһһֲ¼ǿʼڻ
֪ھ֮ǵ룬Χͷɫʹһʲô
ĽˣǳпֲĽУֱ̤УһץеǼ߼ԴƷ
ںɫʹһ屾мԴƷǱʴ¹յˡ
ͦʮöɫӵģȻʴ¹յˣͲܵõˡ
ڣڰ߼ԴƷŪˣ֮ûκεԥֱӳԶ˲뿪ȥո˲ƣ˲Ųɣ϶ѾڳЩ½
ĻɽΪʸ֮ģǿˣǲô½ǿ֮лȥġ
ֻݱܷâ
ȻҪѳͷ塢壬ͷԨ嶼ɵʵδпĸһ󽫻Ϊ巢չ·ϵľС
֪ȥ϶һηչʱڣ׵ľԨ塢ˣʱͷͷԨ½񣬺ܿܶɺܴ鷳
Ͼÿһǳǿߣ
磬Ȼֻһδ׵СʿӰ첻֮սҪ̤Ĳξ磬ٻҪһʱ䡣
ƿǲˣΪȷԼѾǰ̤ˣؼǶʱ֮򣬻ͨݱ䡣
ӵͨ
֮ԴʱٵЧ
ֻҪܹ㹻Ĵ̤֮񾳽ȫˮɵģȻ粻ܽҪȻЧ᲻ѣȻ㹻Ĵ֮ҲҪһʱ䣬ܹ̤ľ硣
˵õ˸߼ԴƷֱˣܵԶԶġ
óʮͷ½񼸺ҪѪǿǵ˶ã˶Ŭٶŵ߼ԴƷĻᣬھȻñһˣ
д
ۿŽһܹ˲Ƴһǧɵľ룬˲֮Ǿȫ޷֪˵ĴˣֻܹԶԶԶĽɫΡ
׷ϡ
˵ٶʵ̫ˣʧȥ侺κ룬ͬʱҲʼ룬Ϊλӵ˿ֲ˲
һʴ¹һвŽ
ոǽɫ汬Ŀֲ½£Ҳ˿ֲġ
һͷıĶʾģһ𣬼ͨȫɱѰ½ˣȴǺɫʹһֵס
ɼǺɫʹһ壬ʵǳǿ
ǿʹһ壬ȻǱǽһɱ
񶼿ʼɽ˵ݡ
ô²⣬ǲ²ˡ
ʧȥ˶Ը߼ԴƷľ֮Ƿ׷ɢȥδֱ뿪ռ䣬Ǿߣʵǲġ
ԣɢȥֱŸʣĸȥ
ڸո߼ԴƷʱΧһ֮ĵĲ㱦㣬ȡһֻʣĸĸĶҲǺܲģҲҪȡһ¡
˷һ㡣
ʣĲͬǸԳȥǿɲһΣԴмԴƷĺɫʹһ壬˸ɵˣҪϣֻ·һġ
Ƕȥˡ
Ǹ㣬֪Щʲôϣبż֮ԴĻܹõ֮Դʴ¹֮оȫˡ
ֻǺ֣ܿϣͷ½ھ
ɾ֮⣬͸ܵˣϵıһмԴƷʲôֻд˱ĽɫϲС
޷ϣȥֱӶȡеıģֻ½ȥϲС
ԣעֻһ뱳ĻȸȥɱЩõ˱½
֮Ƕŵͷ½񣬾ܹĽӰˡ
ͿʼһһɵǰУ˲ƣͷƺҪźܳһʱ䣬ŻῪʼǱΧĽɫء
ڽ˵ĵȻͷ΢
ͷ壬һͷȻǻ壬Ҫʶ֪ǿ󣬸޷֪ڣͷȻҲ֪ͷ½Ĵڵġ
ͷ壬һͷɳ塣
һļһڽʱͱɵˣΪ岻ǿû뵽ҲһǿֵܹڣҲ뵽Ĳ㱦
һͷ壬ɫһģǴһĻľƵġ
塣
߸ɫһ˶ѧԺҲ΢һصģóľǰӰԵ䡢Ǳеֶηǳó
塢ɳ塢塣
ͷ½ڼ˳ֵʱ򣬼ͬķӦǾǿʼĽɫϣ
ԭڶţڿҪҪȶԸһɵĴ鱦Ľɫϡ
˳ֵʱ֪ҪٶȥĻܿܽһߡ
һٸ֮ڣ֣ôͲҪȥԸˣǶģϾһ־Ͷһݷա
ֹĽɫϣ˭ܵõǾ͵ÿֶˣȰǽɫϴ˵
״΢ӿһٶȡ
һ˲һɵģһ˲һٶʮɣһ˲һʮɣһԷһܹ١
ϾԷڿȫֻۣȥ֮ĶֱԵ÷ǳˡ
Щ½ռеʶֻ֪ܹܵһǧ֮ڵĶһǧ֮Ķֻۣ޷ʶ֪ˡ
ٷδͷ½ľ
ֱǱ㻹ʣǧɵʱǱĽɫڱˣ
ϣ
ûκԥֱӾͿʼȫ˲ƣһһǧɣű㷽ʼٸϹȥ
ͷ嵹Ǹо˽˵쳣ȴѾˡ
໹Ҫʱ䣬ܹǣʱҲûʱܹ˳Ƭռ䣡


1578 ɶ
պþ׼ʱ䣬ͷȫЩѵĸо
Ҳûбѡˣͬʱͷһ׹⣬ͷ嶼ڼͬʱѡ˳ǺĲ˽˵쳣Ȼĵľȷжϡ
ȻǼǻǲġ
߼ͬʱǱڵĹâɹȥȻһЩ֮סǱ㣬ȻͽԼСС
ɳͻּͬʱ巢ơ
ԪԵʾɳϱγֲ쫷磬ͷ塣
Ծֱͷϡ
߸һ˲䶼ɢһبżİӰһǿķϣ
ϣǵֵסֲ쫷磬ľֵסˣ屾ûܵκ˺
һ̣˾Ѿˡ
ڳѸۣɫľ֮һγɣС
ûɳ½˿ȥǸԶ֮ܵǵĿֲϢԤУԭصĻܱܿ⹥
ȻǺҪϵıߣվǱȲϸԵСҪ
ɫľ֮ǣһ̱ȻƳһαͷ͵ֵס
Ǽֱ˳֮⣬Ͳܽ뵽֮ǱȥȡǼ
˾ֱ˲ƹȥǱˣȻδʹ뿪
ֱ˲ƵͷԱߣһȭһȭŽȻȥ
ǻû뵽˾ȻôֱӾ͹˹ƣʱЩң仹Ǻܿ췴Ӧ߶һ󴿴ľ˱ϡ
ֻϧȫѰֵܹסģ
ֻһȭȥǻľϱ㳹ױ飬һȭͳ׺˻ľϡ
Ȼû취һȭͽɵ
žͶ˾⣬似һƿնȻֱӰľ嶼ᴩˣ
½
Ҫǿǵ彮ͦģһǺԱߣԾͳɱʱֱɱ󻼡
ɳ½Ҳɵֻϧʱˡ
պðѻ½ɵʱʮʱ͵ˣɳ½ֱڰ׹֮£ʴ¹ͳռ䡣
ˣֵõһһɵһͷ½񣬳ɹǲġ
ȻôʱȥϵǳâҲѾȫȥȻѾ½Ǳ߿ʼ
һɹȥȴҲѾˡ
ı㶼ɣҪʮʱܹϵʮʱ䣬ܿǱ߾Ѿֳʤˡ
ճһ£ûܹϣǱ㸽֮ǰǵطѾ˳˳ȻҲǲӰ
ֻ̾˿
սڵƬյУƺѾûж½ĴˣҲȥ
ʣµļûı㣬ȽԶиɵľ롣
Ҫȥȴûлˡ
Ϊʴ¹Ϣͣ
εڣѾʽ
֮⣬½ѾȫƬ뿪ˡ
⵹Щȣ֮ǰͻе岻׷Լ׷úܻôȫûˡ
ͷɫ֪ݵĻô塢еͽ壬ܿڲ֮Ľ򣡡
뵽һֿܣǺܴһܡ
Ļ͵ֵס
ΨһȽϺõǣ彮ıԵҪ뵽ԵǵûѺܳʱģοм仹壬δػͨ
ټϣ壬໥֮Ҳ϶ڵģһġ
ǲɳȫı彮Ļʵ֮壬пֵܵסĽġ
ΪǣǺӵλã彮;У
ĻҪǺ׵壿
Ȼȥ˵ɡ
ҡҡͷûж룬ڽЩĲ²ûʲôãܸܿȫͬ
֮ܶһڣ˵ջͦණġ
Ϊл˲ٱǳأЩʣıһеġ
ûʼõıȻǰһڣ˾˹ȥ

ʴ¹֮⣬׼
γ˪˵ǰҲʱָǡ
ĵģȻеõЩˣϽ鿴һԼС磬ְǼ߼ԴƷڣʣıﶼСС
ʱ˿
ˡ
¶Цݡ
˼֣Ҳһϲǻڵڳ֣ò˵ǴԲĽ֣Ȼһ˪Ҳûа취ˡ
֮ܶεʴ¹֮Уõණ
ջ񣬾̤񾳽磬Ȼлųˣ
ÿһ񣬶ǸĲƸ
һʵиֵĵطһγɹ̤ȫġ
Ψһһ½˪ˡ
Ҳֻ˵ɺˡ
΢һԼСıȻܹʮļ֮࣬оͰõһ߼ԴƷһмԴƷ⻹ʮﶼСС
֮ǰǴöƷ֮нʮҲ֮һ
ʴ¹Ӯңˡ
ӮеӮҡ
ɹһΣܻܿǵĵжԣҶҪСһЩ
˵
š
˵ͷô˵ˣȥ֮ʵһΡʱǲҪżŰɣϾûȶݣҲпܱһЩǿ֪
µľˡ
ĵľǽɫ
յУɫһеǿûм׷ȻǶ˳ȥˡ
˳ȥǷ鷳ͨһ㡪иսȥ֮鷳
ȽҪǰ׵̫̫ࡣ
ֻҪѹ嶼ᱻĴݻ٣
ʴ¹˵ƲδɣǸӽ


1579 ׹
ͨԶʱմһͻص彮򸽽ѧԺС
һΣһİ˲μʴ¹򣬵ֻвʮܹŻʧ˵Ƿǳˣûܹôһεʴ¹֮У˵ȫǴؿ
ݺ¸ŮΣǻǺĵġ
ǣʣڣҪôǿ½սδ׵ľ磬
⼸ʱ䣬ݺ¸趼ΪģԼˡ
ںݺ˵ˡ
¸˵ܺõѣܹôﵽΪ磬ҲȫΪİæ
ϣ¸迴һֹϣ
񸡻ڣλŮ񣬶ҲǱкܴر½յʱ򣬵Ȼδ׵Ϊ磬ԡŽ֣֪עڲͬһ
ܿܣ彫Ϊ
Ⲣǲܵ顣
һˤ䣬Ϊĳһ
ƬУżʣ֪ٴˣ˵ɣҲΪһֲţɨشĶ֣Ľ졣
ǵ˼ҹУǳˡ
һֵĻ˪磬죬ܹⳡõȴѧԺߣĻ
ʱѧԺѧԱΪϵ໥ӡ
ܶǰЩ϶ǿߣҲĳӣ׷׻
壬ͬʱ
ֻδ׵Ϊ磬Եúۣܲûж֪ⲻ۵СһҪһ
ݺ
һεļˣҲʲôˣȺ˹һӱ˻
סݺˣͬΪڣڿȷԼܹùСˣ
ʶݺһֱμʴ¹֮ǰݺ磬һֱѹҲʹսԲͶٵģڣԿ϶Լѹסˡ
ǸϢ
ٶ˵ĳЩʱԸӵΪΪ
ȿȡ
뵽Īе졣
һ¸迴ӵҲûдǣȻһԿЩ⡪ˣ
Ȼݺޣ֮ĸȴ˼١
񶼹֮ѧԺһο񻶡
ÿʴ¹嶼û˿񻶹ΪΨһΣһЩϣ
Ȼڿ֮Ув˵鲻á
̤񾳽졣
Ϊһεʴ¹Ȼջۣվô˰
УͰһֱĺѣɡ
ڣ֮䣬һŵĹϵ˶֪ġ
ɵƲ֣ڲͣĺȾơ
տһ죬΢۾
ڵʱֳսԶѰ½񣬿óҲкܶܣЩܣܾܿ͸ʧٺʧйأ
ʧ֮⣬϶кܶûи֪ġ
Ҳνˡ
ϵûʲôģĸױǣڱҲǺпʼԼڲŬС
ʱ˵ôûбҪȥˡ
΢һԼõʮļ
һ߼ԴƷ϶Լˣÿһʴ¹ֻһı˵Ҳܹܶʵ
һмԴƷһ룬ֱӽ˺ݺ
ʣʮУǳԴƷֱӼΪԴƷͿˣԴƷҲǼֵƵĶ˵͵ˡ
¸ŮҪһС
һȻҶʴ¹ǰеõ˲ٺöĺöõЩﵱС
ʾ֮ԴͱȽϺ÷ˣֱһ壬һ壬иǺӾˡ
ʾ֮Դ˵ǱȽҪġ
ǰ壬ûʾ֮Դ߻ߣҪһʾģѶȶǳߣʾ֮Դܶǿߵʵһ¥
Ȼ֮Դͬʱܹޣ˶лȥġ
ǣ֧ģֻЩǿľӢѡ
ʣµͱȽˡ
öƷ֮ûø˭ⶫ츳ߵܹ֮ͻż򵥵˵Ǻпͳ
ĻһöҪݺģһö͵ÿ¸ˡ
¸ԸȥǺӷչôһö¸ҲǼõģܹڶʱúݺ¸趼̤񾳽ĻǺӵʵøǿܶࡣ
ļöЧδ֪ĵҩһ·Ļɫʯͷһ
öҩʱʲôЧȻȥøּһ֮˵
ǻɫʯͷϵ·ǲ֪ʲôЧȴ֪Ǹ֮ǰԼӡԺеЩ·һʣֻԺе·񱻿ˣ޷ٰ·̽ȥ
ǹɱûŪأ͸ȥˣֻȴ߸ݺ¸ȥԡ
ֻܸһãҶԳԹۿֻܲɹ͵ÿԵԺ츳ˡ
ǿɫʯͷȸ便ʲôŻ
пܣһܹǿԼʵĺöǾ͵ԼˣֻԼʵġ
ûȥѧԺٰĿ񻶡
Ϊʱǳȡ
ٶȰѴʴ¹еõЩͱﶼ޶ȵתΪʵȻٻصǺȥ֯һ
Ҫ׼ӦвҪǽɫ
Ǽһĸовǳǿпܣڵ塢еͽѾˡ
ʱ䣬ˡ
ܵĻҪǺӵĵطסĴⲢûпܵ飬ֻҪܹ׼ôʵǺӸ壬ܹġ
Ҳȫġ
ԻصԼĸ˿ռУȻȾͿʼоǼ߼ԴƷ
׹߼ԴƷһɫŵ״ɳɶ̣̺ĳبżĵϧ޷
ֻʱԶ߼ԴƷ׹˵ֻҪܹʮ֮һ㹻ˣȫ񾳽֮µĴڡ
ǶĳЩȽҲп׹Էһ


1580 
ʱû취硣
û㹻Ĵ֮ʵϣʴ¹г֮ϼƷ֮ﶼöڳƷ֮ﻹЩ쾧Ĵ֮ȫǶòˡ
Ѱ˵ǼһʲƸ˵ֻӷһЩˡ
Щ֮ҪȥѧԺ֮ģܹõ㹻Ĵ֮硣
Ҫ̤δ׵ʱ仹粻ȹ̣ǿĻᵼЧϲһˣԺôġ
ԣ绹ǵȷһš
һԼĸ˿ռ䵱УʼоԼʴ¹еõĶ
õĶУҪһ߼ԴƷ׹ԴƷ֮ʯͨԴƷɫС˵սһǿ
֮ʯⶫõĻǱȽ˳ֵģرǾ֮ǵĹͱƣǿ
֮޷֮ʯȫˣǱڵסˣǴﵽľ磬һʼҲȫԴƷ
ȻѰԴƷǰѽɫСôֻҪﵽ񣬱ܹɶȫ
ǸԴƷԽǸ߼ԴƷҪԽĴʱ䡣
νʵֻҪøԴƷսȻȻľܹԽԽĸԴƷıȫûù֮ʯ׹
ԴƷ˵ǻûа취õ״̬ãҲӲ̫к
ԣŸҪʱϤԴƷ
кѾĻ飬ЩԴƷζᵮʶģԸսĹһ
ֻҪܹӳһܹսսʤǰսʤĶ֡
Ȼ
ԴƷ֮⣬ʴ¹еõĶкܶࡣ
ͷʱεĻλӡǣһͿԿʼڵĽǳԽبżĵ֮ƷҪߣ
ûдﵽƺҪֽٶǷǳġ
似⣬˵ҲǺܳõһֶˣѾ֮ǰõ޽֮Լս壬Ϊ似ǳļ򵥴ֱʩչٶֿ죬ǿսиһٻܶ֡
ԺУǿӡ˴ӻɫʯͷ·Ըٶȣ֮࣬·֪ʲôĴڡ
ԣ΢һԼʴ¹е֮󣬾ȥѯ񸡻ˡ

񸡻кܶҪ
ʴ¹սϢܣȻ󷢷ŸսŵȸţЩ鶼Ҫġ
ʱæء
¸ڰŮһæЧʵǼӿ˲١
ֱӰԼ˵һ¡
һʱЩȣ㾹ȻѾ˹򣿡
ʲô
һ͸оⶫӡ
ÿ߶пܿһʷϣܹ޼ÿһʷ֡
ɫص˵˵һ¹Чɡ
һ˵ߵƵģ˵֮󣬾ܹڹпһЩ֮ơ֮ӡǰܹǿĳЩܹضطЧ
ڹĿûУֻ˵ȫԵɺϲܹѹ򿪣ǿ˹Ҫõ֮ƺ͹֮ӡҲ൱ѵģʴ¹еǻһЩࡣ
һԼжôˡ
Ȼ嶼ûܹĹ
˵򣬱̤ѣ
ţ߽õһֶʵ
ô˵ǿɫʯͷϵ·ǹ֮ˡ
뵽
Ѿڹпӡһֹ֮ƣռ˴֮һռ䣬ܹԸٶȣԳƺֹ֮Ϊ֮ơ
ϻһɫʯͷʴ¹еıеõıЧ֮ǰ֮Ƹԡ
ڣĹܹٸռ
˵ǿռ䣬ҲֻǴôһ£ʵϹȫһܳĴڣֻ֪ԼԺ֮Уȷһλá
ĹٸռѾռˡ
ǿ֮Ĺ֮ӡԾܹһپʮ˸ͼƣռ˶ٶʮռ䣬ǽȫӡ˹еģǿħ֮طĹ֮ӡʱռһʮռ䡣
һٸռ䣬ǿӡˡ֮ơ
֪ȥ򣬷񸡻֪ģȻˣô͵ðѾ֮Ĺ֮ӡȻܹȥӡµĹ֮ơ
ǿ֮Ĺ֮ӡһоأÿһضжʮ
һپʮ˸֮ӡУ֮ӡԾ֮طǿǲһģȻÿ֮ӡռһĿռ䣬Чȴͬ
Ͼ֮ھصĹ֮ӡÿ֮ӡʮ֮һЧ
Ͼ֮һصĹ֮ӡֻٷ֮һЧ֮˽ʮ
һ£ǰصһʮ֮ӡȫ֮Чܹﵽ屶ϣ
˸뷨ֻܲصľ֮֮ӡǰصĹ֮ӡأⶫǶ˵һδ֪Ĵڡ
񾳽ǿߣûпġ
ҪѰҹϣֻǰѧԺĲ鷿Ѱһûˡ
û񸡻Ǳ߶ֱѡǰ鷿ˡ
ʴ¹õ˺ܶණЩóܹǲ鷿СӸ㹻ˡ

ȵѧԺĲ鷿ϴһĨơ
Ϊ鷿ڣڹϾȻôһ㣬лûռķ
൱գʱֻ֮һǿЧˡ
⣬طħ֮ģҲѾ˵ھصĲΣȫԿʼ֮صĹ֮ӡǿħ֮طˡ
ڲ鷿Уҵβٿعİ취еĹ֮ƺ͹֮ӡ֮ӡԺгҲǿģֻҪȽǿ־
ڣ־Բ
֮壬˵൱һϣܹһЩֶκ;񹥻ͨţҲֻʹȰѾ֮һֹ֮ӡһЩЧˡ


ʮ Ǻ


1581 عǺ
ȥǱȽˣȻǲѧԺ׼صǺӵȥ
Ϊ񾳽ǿߣصǺȥĻܹŮ֪ҴӶһԶżнųҪεĶһʯ
Ů֪ռݵľԼո̤񾳽Ӧ㹻ʯ״ݻٵ
ڣܹףΪʲôһԶżлôǿߵʬǣΪƬǿյУ񾳽Ĵڱͺܶࡣ
ֻƫһĵ֮أԵЩװˡ
ûѧԺ̫ͣãп塢е塢ĹҲڻ񸡻ߵĵܹ㶨ˣҪȥ¡
οȥܣЩ˻ء
ǰھͻȥǺӣ
źݺ¸裬ҵ˻ȥ
Ȼȥֻѯһ£ĻԼȥҲһġ
ţȻȥɣܶණҪһ£ջ٣ڶʱǺǿ٣жһЩǿߣǲǼܹöƷ֮𣿡
ЦһЦ˵
˵ͷ
öƷ֮츳㹻ֱͻƿ߶δ۷ĲΣֱ̤뵽ľ硣
ѡȻǺݺ¸ˣϾǺУûиȷܹƾ̤񾳽ˣݺ¸츳ĻôҲ޷ﵽҪ
һöƷ֮˭Ͳ֪ˣҲȥ룬Լġ
һʼöƷ֮ﶼָ硢˪죬ǶѡһЩϼѵˣڶʱӿֳǿ
ԼѡĻ˵ʵȦҲЩխˣһܹѡõһЩš
ȻǷǿԼĴûᣬ˵Ļ󻹻кܶ࣬Ҫһʱ
λȥǺӣкܶҪģѡһʾ֮Դ˴ȥ
ѡʾ֮Դ̺ǽϵ̫֮֮
ģһص׵磬ƻԶѰ׵պܹǺӵЩСȥģϾǺбһ̫أϵ̫֮
˽ϵ̫֮£Ľɺܶ࣬ʩչҲࡣ
ʾ֮Դһ̺ˮϵ̫֮Ŀռģһ̺Żϵ̫֮ĻģǺӵ˵رϡ
ƳļһҪʾĻȻа취õǰ֮Դвġ
һΣ˵ض顣
ջҪΪ
һʴ¹еãڶˣеã߻ѾϣǰߣֱӴȥǺ˷ֵ
ϣʴ¹õĶԴƷͲƵԴƷв٣似쾧һƷƷƷ֮ȵȡ
ֻԼ񾳽ҪĴ֮Ĵ֮㷢ŸǺӵˡ
񸡻˸֮ͺŮһʽ뿪ѧԺ
ͬʱĻдǰѧԺѧԱ˪磬ڣѾ˵ǴѧԺҵˣɹ̤ľ磬ѧԺּ
ǽΪѧԺĵʦҲǻֱӲ뵽Ҳûʲôϵˡ
죬ûǣȻҲҪ͡

ʱ˵ʴ¹ĸոպá
Ϊֻ֮Ϣ죬͸պõŮ֪ҴͨǺӵʱʱ䣬ʴ¹տʼѾȥµʱ䡣
ʱ£ٴλعǺӣ黹ǲҪ֮ǰ˲٣ҹ֮󣬾񾳽ҲûƿֻҪһʱֱ̣ܹˡ
ﵽĿǳˣϾǵõ˻λӡ֮ˣ˵˭ܹĻһ
صǺֱ֮ȥŮ֪ҳ״ݻǶһʯˡ
ǸöƷֱ֮˺ݺ¸裬ǵڵľ繮֮󣬾ͳеͻƵľ磬̣»Ҫüµġ
ʱڣŮϾͻһֱڱչ״̬ˡ
ǴöⵤҩҵǺеʦֵ֣綼ѾδףĻ¯࣬Իϵ̫֮Ѿ
ŵ嵱Уڵֶһǿߣ֮ǰ
һ·ϣһʼĿຣҩ࣬˿ຣҩܹƳָıҩȻԼЩҩܹ硣
ԽߣƸƷĵҩ
һжѭʼֻһϹżĿຣҩսѣ˭Ҳ벻Ӱô󣬶ҲǶӰ죬ǺӵͬӰ졣
ƵĸֵҩָǺѣ˵һõ˺ܴر֮󣬻߳ĵҩԴԴġ
ԷõĵҩƳԷõĵҩֱ嶼ܹõͨõҩຣҩɲһս̺ź֪ܶʶ
ֺͿຣҩϵ˫Σʹ䵮ʶ֪֮ʶͻͽֻҪвϣƳư˼Ѫⵤҩ
֮ܶڵѾǰǸ۵СŮˡ
ҵæöʴ¹дⵤҩöҩͨõĵҩȻĴľ壬û취ֵҩˡ
磬ǻˣҶˣⵤҩСӦϵóġ
ּĵһۣ˫֮бϲ֮ɫӹöҩȻСķŵԵĿຣҩȥ
ຣҩ˵ġСѾӵʶƺǸ⿪ʵꡣ
С֣ҲüįƽҲûôˡ
ڼ
֪Լ·ϿߵԶϣԼܲҪ˲̫õʱԼ˵⣬Ȼˡ
ڵȻ֪Լӵнʸ񣬵ȴҲʮΣյ״̬
ͷɫ˵ں˵ʲôʱͻǰȻԵֵ鷳
֮ǰ뾡ʵ˵Ǻӵʵ


1582 
öⵤҩӵ˿ຣҩȥʶСȥʶȥˡ
Ǹ֪öⵤҩʲôãΪʶСֱ治öʲôҩҲӦܹµЧŶԡ
˹ͬڴУСܿ͵ó˽ۡ
ĽֱӸֵģϾͨûκ϶谭
ȻٸöǸ񵤣ھЧǺܼ򵥣һöܹܶǿһһöܹǿһǿȡ
öȻ񵤣
ŶСƺò٣ǲǻӵຣҩǰļ䣿
Щ졣

һЦȻ˫֮ŵʶȴ֪ຣҩǰ˵飬߹ңйܶȵ飬Ȼм㶼֪ģڿ˵顣
Ļң
һЦ
Ҫ֪ĻȻûκġ
Цŵͷ⸽УѾû˿˵ĴڣķԴأǴңԶһƬֻƬƺʲô֣֮Բŵп߶Ѿ뿪طصǵļȥˡ
˵ֵɫеˣСҪҵ˵ˡǰǧǰ˾ĽУѾҲûȥˣҲ֪ǱߵΡ
һƬ򡣡
Ȼ
֮ǰֻ֪ʴ¹ΪģΧҪڸңԶĵطƺȫǱռѷָˣڣڵ򣬷·һ
ҲǺѧԺļأһֱ˵Ĵţʾһ㡣
յ
Уʴ¹żɲ٣ʴ¹ҲֻһѣһǺģѧԺļУʴ¹鴫ż򸽽ٴʮϡ
ֻ岢ÿһżʸǰ
ʴ¹һȽѺõżˣЩż쳣̣Ⱥģÿһֻһ롣
ˣһ㡣
̤񣬻ͻƵߵĲΣȻᳯ̽ʲôܻŪģ˵ķԴأҲȥ
˵ͷֺС֣˵
⵹˵ġ
ǿСϳö񵤵Ч˵˵ǿⶫ廹壬ûнӴ
ԣ˲ûɵġ
ˣܶȾô£һ֪أָҽ
ûԼҪһ죬ԴΪܣ֪ľϸصĶǣÿ˶κζġ
ֺΪģԼܹæǸˡ
ܶȣڸ޻ߵܶȣʼʱȫһģֱ̤񾳽ʱʼߵܶȾͻῪʼ
ֵͷ˵߶δ׵ľĲΣֱܶӾʮҲ͵˴׾ߣܺκε߶Կġ
ȻҪܶȣͱȽˡС֪һЩܶȾ֮ʮҲѰߵһٱ֮࣡
⣬֮ƺ޷ܶȵˣܶѾﵽļ£۷壬ѾǿĴڡ
ֽ͵Щܶⶫʲô
˵εܶȣѰߵʮôö񵤣̤뵽ʱǲǾܹӵѰʮһܶȣ
ֻҪаٱܶȣƺܹΪ֮
ȻԼӵеܶ࣬ʵܹõȴûм֡
֮һȻҲǿĽû򣬾㿪˻λӡǣҪҲ϶ҪѺܶʱ䣬Խ򲻵ٷ֮һĻʩչѰǿ
֮ʴ¹յõبżģǰӰԵģ˵൱ϵģֻҪܹ䳹գôǿ
ңĵѶҪСö࣬öǿĵĻЧӦǲġ
ܶȴﵽߵô񾳽ǿ֮⣬κδھͶҪκμɵˣǺ񾳽ǿ֮䣬ҲᱻСܶࡣ
ϻܶҪʾľкܶ࣬ҪɭħġġģˣڿѾûôǿˣ˳ʷ̨
ֻҪȫʾģͲٶˡ
˵ƽʱõȻǿ
õبżǿԸĻãϾÿĶвͬЧڲܹͬıһЩ֡
ֻǵõģҲֻһܹˡ
ԣöܹǿܶȵ񵤣Ȳãٵõȫ֮˵
пܣܹõبżҲ˵ʱ򻹿Ժúѡһ¡
һö񵤣ǿһǿȣûʲô˼ɣֱӾͽȥ
Ҫ֪ǿѾﵽһƿ廹ǿս壬Ѿûа취ˣҪǿȣҲֻܴ֡
ö񵤵Ǹպýȼü֮
ħ֮ط֮󣬾ͺܹܿõ似ܹǿȾǶ٣Ҫֻ֪ҪӿᣬԽħ֮ĵķӡ
ֻҪܹ࿹סһʱ䣬пħ֮ľܰܳΪԱɱĴڡ
ǿĻħҲôױָɵ
ֱӰһö񵤸˶ӡ
û뵽ǣöǿǿȣȻǿȣ֮ǰһ˵ǿ˻һ֮Ĳ˵ر
֮ǰǿȣ似Ҫǿ˶ʮҡ
Ϊö񵤵ЧǿȱɻĶʮһ
ȴû뵽¶ǣ׽ӣ֮ǿȽΪͬߵʮ
Щ졣
һö񵤵ЧǷҲأ
Ļ񵤿ɵˣҪ֪õĻֻһܶȣԺõĻܿǿһʮܶȡ
ѵãʴ¹еܹóʴ¹Уܹö񵤣ܹõöѾ൱ˡ


1583 չ
񵤵Ч쳣ɫǿֱӴﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
ƾȥԿǿߣǲܵ飬˵ȥҪ黹Ҫ磬ٴﵽ߶δ˵
ĻĻͻǿȻʮңԣǸܴ
ö֮Яһö񵤣ָ뿪ˡ
һöܶȵ񵤣ʱͲˣĻԼĲΣŷö񵤡
ȥڿʼչ֮ǰò鿴һǺӵ״̬ȷǺ֮еĴ˶ڿٽ״̬֮¡
ϾܿǺӾҪӭս
塢е廹н壬񣬲׷ŹǺ彮ǰսǿǺӱԵ磬Էܵȥ
ԷֻҪԷһ˿иܴ˴ȥԷݺһ
ô۷սս棬Ҫúץһץġ
۷ս棬Ϊ񣬻Ů֪ƿ˾۵ܹһĴڣһǺӿ赲зܳʱˡ
ȥҪкݺ¸ŮѼƷ֮ǣǺúеڼ֮ӦҲܹ̤뵽ĲβŶԡ
һǱߵһö
öƷ֮˭֪֮󣬶ǻָǿߵġ
Ļ̤ʱ䣬ǱȺݺ¸軹ҪһЩʱͶ벻ŮĶˣܹѽһɡ
Ļܶȷ棬Ůѹס
ǺӵеҪЩ
һס縸ͳİ壬ܹʮˣѾгһЩӢר
߶δ׵ǿߣѾӿֳﵽ֮İ壬Ѿһǧһµ֣ʮ˵Уܹ׾ˡ
ǺУȽҪĳսǳҪҲǵõǺϴζһĴԴ֮ȵȡ
ڶԾϣһֱĹӰܹһٶˣڻÿһδϵǿڣңսԶѰĴס
ΪһٶӰǿߣÿһֶ֮ͨΣѽϵ̫֮ȫˣôʱ֮ڣ̫صĴڣúܶǺӵܴĻҪӰһٶˡ
Ѫ䡢ϴͳ˧Ѫ壬壬к壬ԭһ˵ĵ۾ţڣѾΪ׾ţʵٷʮ
Դ㹻ḻĽˡ
ֻҪӵ㹻Դ֮ôܶ߶ܹѸ磬Ҳƿʱһ㣬ҪѰߵٶȿġ
٣ǲûʱ棬ֻҪͿˣרעٶȻһܴ
ڵǺӵУиȽǴһʼ͸һȺˡ
ͻȶһԻ壬ԹɹὫ죬ر̿࣬綼Ѿﵽδףǰѽϵ̫֮߰˰ˡ
ڳİ١Сջīˮơʢʿ³躮µˣ΢һ㣬ǵ츳ǲǵģڲŸոմﵽ׵ĲΣȻٶѾ൱ˡ
ڱѩʳʶĹɡɽӭġˣڳ˹ɴﵽδ֮⣬˶΢һ㣬Ҳ̤˴׵ľ硣
Ħի졢Ԫסߺɽ䡢һ˵ҲǷǳ죬ӵ㹻Դ˶ͻͽ
ϲģϦ衢濡ܰŮˡ
Ǳʵ츳ͲڸѾﵽδ׵ľ磬ȻѾԽ
˵ȻǸϢˣŮ츳ʵڶ⣬Ϧ濷ֱ̳ŵ޹ŵǵʵҲа
񻹼ǵڰ֮⣬ŵӶһʮԭĶ֡
ŵ԰ɱй
ɱȻǱճ̵ģֶǳԽ似ģȫգܹΪһɱǱ߸ӵеġ
Ǵʴ¹лõһֹѶȾ͸˵ˡ
ɱôŵڣԸṩУûʲôʾԵĶڣҪͷûи깦ǾԲɹġ
ʱ϶ǲȥµĹġ
˪ŮӳԤϣȻǱѡΪӣڿʼѧϰַ
ȻҲ˿ȥѧˣڵûʱȥѧϰġ
˽һ˵״ֻ̬֮صԼСУȥ鿴һСе״̬һжãһλȥˡ
һȻġ
˵ǺҪһˣҲһֱǹڵıѩʳ˵ѩ۹ȻΪ֮һ֮ء
ĲҲó˲Ŷԡ
ҵ˴ŮұһԼڵʵĴһ˿ǡ
Ҫѱѩ۹ãѾȫˡ
СУĺܸܿǵĽˣڣΪԴѷŸո̤뵽ؾѡ
⻹ΪпվͻһЩ֮ﶪԼС磬ר͸ģҪȻĻСУҲֻǵ۾ĲΡ
ĴŮ츳ӵ㹻ԴҪģϦ衢濻ҪǿһЩǲܵ¡
ԼСлһˡ
ͬţǿȴһ·ѹ˽ڵ
꣬һֱСûеõרչˣȻֻǵ۾ĲΡ
ˣڵȴһɽ̤뵽ǵ۾ĲΣҪǷǰ磬Կ˵ǰ޹˺ˡ
ڵ츳Ҷ΢һûȫչ¶
Ҷ΢ߣȻ̤һ·߸ͽ֮;ڵȴʼղ϶Щˡ
ô˵츳û֮ǰᣬȥأСȴǼ佾Ͻط
طǵЧܹǿӰĵ
˵ǺǿطڵʼղϽ
һΣҲûѹΪˣֱӾ͸һѡҪôطߣҪôԶΪСһ֣


1584 ʯ
СУڵǲܵõ㹻Դȥؾƿռϱ뿪Сġ
ˣ˵޿֣Ͼ
ڿһʱкڵ껹ˣۿѾôǿѾľȴڵ۾ǻͲסˡ
ֻܰ˵ģǿӰĵطȻ뿪С硣
ҪȻĻ֮ĲֻԽԽֱٸϵϡ
ȻˣڵȻ൱ӵ̬ȣ˵Ǵ˼⵹ΪȵģСӵ־Ҫ֪ͶԷ֮Ĳ࣬Էȴδʧȥġ
ɼ̬ȡ
ȻһѾˣδδزܹ׷
õط֮󣬾ʹĺͺڵһ뿪ԼС硣
ڵۣطȫֻеһصصصδ֪
ҲûǿصŰɣںأԺ취ٿöڵŵʱٹؼԵƿʱ򣬲ܾҪ
طƽӰԴȪÿһ磬ܹһİӰأİӰĵ
ҪõبżģͬҲǰӰԵģȵȫ֮ϰӰԴȪطᷢӳֲ
ʾְӰģɭħġĻģĳЩ£ǿԶһµģϰӰԴȪһܹӳѰبżĵ
ѺڵĴ˳ûȥˡ
ľֱҵš˵ľۼأ뵽˼嵱Уںڵƣ뿪ǺΧҲȥĶˡ
뿪С֮󣬺ڵܵɣƬǺӵУȻǲڴ֮ģںڵ˵Ҫ磬ǵṩԴ
ԣСгڵ״Ȼûеõı䡣
Ȼ޷Ѹ磡
Ҫ֮ĻôͿ϶ҪطˣȻڵпܻӵЩֶΣеõһЩ֮Ҳܲˡ
źͳǲô׾͸ڵԴģһЩ׾ţ͹ܲˣڵҲõóһЩЩ׾ŵĳԱȼ۽Ҳδɡ
뿪ˣֱǰ˶һԶżС
ӦȥŮ֪ңһݻһʯˣԶżУȴϲһĻ
һʯ񣬲ѾˣһֲͬѰĽʽġ
ʯȻѾΪã
һԶżУЩɳ籩Ѿȫɾˣֻʣһ̫أػ̫ԱߵĶһʯ
һԲٿʯڳֵֹĶȻȷʯģͻȻƿˡ
Ů֪ƿصľǻһ̬֮һϢţеӣ۾ڱĿ
ǰôģ
һʯЩ죬ǰȥʵ
ҵһͨǰǸܹͨһЩǿķȻڣڳͨҲ̤ľ磬Ȼܹƿʯˡ
ЦһЦ˵
Ե˵ͷǺӵʵǿһ֡
ʱ˵ʯǺӾ񾳽ĴˣؼʱȥԵУԲǱ֮ǺӣҲҪ飡
ڵǣ֪ǲܹþ۵ͨҪȻĻսǿҲͲᱻʯѹôˡ
˵һ¿ûʲô취
ԣһ۾۵ľͺ֮Щεҡҡͷ۵֮ͨھĽУѾˣҵĵڰ̣ͨӦǲģҲ˵֮޷תΪ۵߸֮ͨˣЩϧˡ
᲻þ֮򣬶ⶫһʼͲƿ֮УȫǾڲٿţڸͲܻԭˡ
ϧˣĻ֪ҵսٺܶ࣬Ͼ˵ͨǺܳõսֶΡ
Щϧ
ûйϵ似һйûпʱҶӦòѰͨġ
˵ֱӰѾ򶪸֪ȥ
֪ûʲô似ҲûʲôͨȫͱʾսˣԿʯʱҲһ
ܰѾôǶþ߶ģҲСģϾѾεľ磬ܶѾѰߵʮˡ
Ѱǿߣ似ûеõģѾ֪ռһЩˣοϻйյĻǿֲ
ֻϧʱҪչǲܵˡ
Ҳֻһһȥû̫ϸĴ㣬һжҪĺĿռһЩʲô
Ȼû飬ҾȥԼˡ
֪˵
ȥɣҲҪʼˣʴ¹еõ˲ٶûü
Цŵͷ
֪ǿʼоо似
ڰѾ˴ɾ磬Ȼ֪ҺԼû취ˣʱҲҪ似
˼˸߲Ķϡ
ɱĹ֮ƣ߼ԴƷ׹بżģЩҪ취㶨Ķ
һԶżռ䵱У˸ƫƧĽ䣬Ѿȡ˳
ȻԼǽ˾ڲռУ׼ʼʲôĻ϶ġ
к磬֪ȥ
Ͼ֪ҲֻǸŮ֮ǰѾ¶ǧ꣬ںò⣬¶ȥ̫ˡ
˾ĺĿռڶ㡣
ʼӡħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡԼĹͻʣħ֮ĵأܹʮ֮ӡûпӡˣʮ֮ӡӡҪѵʱȽϳ
ȻԼԸټԺпӡһ֮ƣȥӡʮ֮ӡٶҪ֮ǰʮֹ
ֻҪʱ䣬ܹʮ֮ӡȫӡڹˣ
ţûжʲô̾ͽ˽ŵС


1585 ֮
Ĺܹٸռ䡣
ʴ¹еõ֮ƣܹͿӡ֮ӡٶʮռһٸռ䡣
ŰѾ֮ħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡһ£ǰصһʮ֮ӡֱˣֻصĹ֮ӡ
һĹоֻռ˶ʮռ䡣
Ҿ֮ħ֮ĵЧΪʮ֮ӡ屶ϣѾǷǳˣֽ׶ε˵ʱ㹻ˡ
ʱ䣬ħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡȫӡԺУһ֮󣬾ȡ˴ʴ¹еõһöɫʯͷ
ʯͷϣͬһ֮ƣ֪ҪռݶٸĿռ䣬ûֱգǰħ֮ĺ;֮Ĺ֮ӡȫ֮Կӡһ֮ơ
֮ơ
֪֮Ƶƣϣȴ֪֮ƵЧʲô
ֻнӡԼȥܹ֪ˡ
ھĺĿռڶУʱûмŸǰͣʼӡö֮ơ
򣬿
һ˿˿֮Ƶ·пӡռĹ򣬲֮ƾȻ֮ǰ֮ռݵĹռ仹Ҫ࣡
öɫʯͷֱӴʧԼĹУ֮ƾȻռٸռ䣬ҿһ¾֮ħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡҪȻĻһᷢʲôأп֮ƻӡʧܣͺܲˡ
֮ȫӡĹУǵ֪֮ƵľЧ
ԭһս֮ƣ
֮ǰ֮ƣʮĸٶȣа
о֮ħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡطЧֱ֮ǿھ񹥻Ϳֶεĵֿħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡǿٶȡ
õö֮ƣΪ֮ƣռٸռ䣬ЧȻӿ¡
ӵ֮ƺκιֶΣ˵ܹܶһ룡
һµ
Ҳ˵ڵ񾳽ǿ߳ǰƣܶҲûʮôֻ࣬ʣ屶
൱˶һʵ
ҪԵѰߣԷܶһ룬ʹͨܶȶﲻǲΪˡ
һö֮ƣս൱ڷһ
ʴ¹еĺöʵ̫ˣֻϧûиĹ֮ˣҲû㹻ĹˣܹӡĹ֮ǿԼ
ԺҪʵǵ취ӹⷽ֡
֮ƵЧ׳ԤϣҪõö࣬Ȼռٸռ䣬ԣǻģٱӾ֮ħ֮ʣЩ֮ӡҪöࡣ
ʱĹѾϱˣѾռİʮռ䣬ʣʮ˸ռ䣬һ룬ʱǰѾ֮ĵصĹ֮ӡܹʮӡС
Ļ֮Чǿǿħ֮ҪҪһЩ
Ͼħ֮ھֻҪʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣսУٿʱҲ̫Ӱ죬֮ͲһˣҲǲô㾫񹥻ĵֿͻٲľء
֮Ʊȫӡ˹к˿
ԼʵҲϵ߿ķʵ̫ˣൽۻҵĵز
ҪܹЩȫȫ۷壬ǶôǿĴڣ
һʼٸռ䣬ٸռȫӡ֮ս֮ƣ߽жôǿƣ
˹֮⣬ս棬ǿԴƷˣΪֹǿսеѸ߼ԴƷ׹
һЩߣ϶ҲӵּԴƷ
似棬ǿĹôǿգ϶һЩǿĴڣ˹ļɡ
棬بżıһµǿˣδûʲô߱˸ǰͷƽһ֡
кܶ֡
񵤣ܶһ񵤣ǿһ񵤣ǿĺöһܹзﵽ۷Σжǿ
£ҲѾԶ˰ɡ
ţȻͿʼ⣬žĺĿռ̤ȥ
ֻаħ֮ĵЩ֮ӡȫӡܹ֮ǰĿռĵ㣬̤˽ռУȻһƬڵĿռ䡣
ڿռ䵱Уڵʯʯ棬ܵ˸ԲͬȴЩϤ
ޣȪ
ֲ̺ͬڵʯ棬һѵĿռĵ㣬ԭùɱĳ
ʯ۴ŵȻ˾ʹֱƿ
ʹյֻǱԴġġȪĺ͵ģǾ۸ʯϵԼ϶Ȳʯϱ
ܹоʯϵʾģģ߻Ȫ͵ģʾģ濡Ϧ衢һջīõıԴҪǿöࡣ
ֻʾģ
ЩɻΪɱ⼶ֶΣʵ̫߳ˣ߳ãبżľ͸Ӳȫ
пĿռĵ㣬ֻǾ߳ɱĵطبżģںĿռĸ
ô˵ѾôȥҪԹΪˡ
û̿ʼ
ʽʼɱй֮ǰ뿪һ¾ĺĿռ䣬ȥϦ衢濡һջī˶ҵһ
ŵʱ˻ҪȳԴһɱϾŵУ̺ž۶ɱ⣬˵Ǻвοġ
ȵǣŵصĺĿռʱ־ȻŵϦǶٻ
޷ͣھĺĿռУȴԴڸԵĹŵУȻŵӦʯϣʯϵʾʱ㱻ŵ˽ȥܹΪ
˵ǸܺõᣬʾڵǰǺӻǲġ
ͨռʾĵ·һʲôȻٶȺѾ֮ǰõĶˣȥ²Ҫãܽɱʽ򵽳ѧ


1586 ɱ
ھĺĿռУʯԼŵɱʩչ
ԭֻһ֧ܹ۳ܶʴ֣ö
ڣ𽥿ʼ֧ҲǵȪȫ򵽲ҿ԰ɱĹʩչʱܹɹʩչɱˡ
ֻǳѧ׶εɱΪҲҪѰ似ܶܶġ
Ǹ似Ҳ϶Ҫǿö࣡
ҲΪʲôʱѾ⽻Ů֪ȥԼȲ似ԭˣΪȰѹ򵽡
̵Уе֮Ʋתȫ¶ԡһּϢУȪ޺͵򣬲ţٶȼ졣
ڵõ֮ƺٶȴа˶Ը򣬳ڶ似գпӡ֮ӡٶȣܶ෽涼õԣҪԾǲ֮Ƶġ
ֻǵһж֮֮Ƶþûˣʱõ֮ƣ϶Ҫ任
ڣĹ̵У֮ƵþͲɻȱˣû֮ƣڶʱڰɱ򵽳ѧĲΡ
似θѰ似ǲġ
ӳѧСɣɣȻ۷塢ԲȻ
ֻǳѧεĹɱҲҪЩ޾Ʒ似ĳ̶ȣ˵ȻѶȸߣõ˹ĻûҪһ¡
ֻ򵽳ѧѾһмɱ
֮ǰӡħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡܹʱ䣬ɱͻ˸ʱ䡣
֪ϦһھĺĿռдһ¡
һʱڣϦ衢濡һջī˵ĽҲǳǶѾѸԵʾĶˣġġȪĺ͵ģ˵ǷǳҪսֶΡ
ؼ˸Եʾ֮ӵеĹŵϳ̶ȴﵽ˸ߣңŵҲʼĳɱ䣬Ϊʾ֮ŵʼŸ߲εĴ
̫Ʒ޾ĲееĴڣ
̻Զ
ֻʾĶӦ֮ŵֻܹΪ޾ƷսҪɱΪǰڣµõȵبżġ
һɹôǽǲһԴƷսڡ
ԴƷȻǿᣬ˵ڵĻǱȲԼеģҪ֪ܹоѵʮģֻǾѵڶѣԴƷ
Ȼ߼ԴƷܹȫյĻҲȫѵеģҪȫ׹߼ԴƷҪʱ䣬±ȥȫлҪࡣ
ô˵һ¹ȥϦ˵ʵֱӾͱ֮ǰ౶
ϸԵĹŵĻսѾǳǿˡ
ǹȻû취ȣԸͬߣɾܹѹԷġ
˵һµʱ͸Ҫˡ
֮ʱʱ̶̿תʼһϢУɱٶȴﵽһٶȣһµʱ䣬
ޣȪͬ򣬶˵ʲô⣬ʾķ׷ױȻɱصķʽ߶ܹһɱ
ɱУһҪศɣٽɱʼʱһֹҪǿ˰ٱ
Լһ¡
ԼֻҪ۳ɱ乹ѶУɱѾԽ˽ٲսƵĿսȭ
ˣȷȷս似ʱ̭ˡ
ȻǿȵǱزٵģһǱЧģҪȥ似ˡ
ڻһ޾Ʒ似Ҳ޽֮գ˵еôܹõϵĵطҲˡ
ɱһйɱǿ֮⣬ӡã֣öּӦԣڱӡĹ̵Уʴ
ɱѧɹ֮оԼľ繮̵Ҳˡ
δ׵ĲΣͦһʱˣʱһһˣδ׵δףĻǿȺͻһ
Ļֱ׵ļǿ˵ڵֻʣʱˡ
ֻһʱ䣬ɹδ׵ľ磬Ѿ㹻Դˣ֮ղ࣬ڻһʱһö쾧һƷĴ֮ֱӾͰСһķԲȻ˾硣
δ֮ʱֹͣǱޡ
Ϊպ紫ϢǺڵƺǱ巢ˣһѲСӣҪǺӸ̽飬Ǻˣȫһʱ侯
Ϊ˶֪Ǻڵλãʯ塢ˮ廹л彮֮䡣
ҪǺӵλñ¶ܿ⵽ߵΧ
ǺԲô򵥾ܹ˵ġ
һѲСӣҪΪ׵ĴУһǷǺڵڣڶҪѾǺڵǾͲǻŻȥˡ
֪ͨȴûҪ
ϾǺڸѾǿˣһѲСӣûǷ
ȴҪӳ
Ҫڻһ飬ǾǺڵ˴û뿪ƬģǺӱԵػһ˸Ҳȥ
ǵõƬʮǺӵԪϼ
ǷǺ֮󲻾ãܹõʮöƬȻϣ赲κ˵Ľ
£ᷢߵ쳣϶Ƿķˡ
ƬǺӣ߲ãǰûбϾĻǺǿʵ̫ˣ˭Ǹ˼޾д
УҲôɺϵĸպҵƬ֪һǺӡ
ҲǺӣõƬŻ֪һƬ֮
Ƭķϳ֮طܹһʱ䲻巢֣Ѿ൱ˣڣǺӵʵѾ㹻ֵЩˣ
֪ˮѲСڿֱӾ׼ӳˡ
ѲСӵľʵԻǴ˵˵ģպðɱɣպóȥ֣


1587 Сӳ
һγȥԸˮѲСӣ˲ˡ
֪λ϶ûбҪֵģΪˮǸѲСӵУܳ񾳽ĴڣɱҪţ
ڸѾܳʱûһսˣǰ綼׷պÿԴǳȥһ棬˳㿴ڵʵмΡ
ܹѡ˸Լһ𣬷ֱǳͻȶԻޣλˬʵĺӣ⻹зܰͷСɡƷ·ҵĺ֮㡣
ڵ·ҷչҲ൱˷ܰﵽδףСɺͷƷ嶼̤δ׵Ϊ֮⣬·֮ҲѾ̤뵽ؾĲΡ
ˣֳƬܿ͵ǺӵıԵȻƬϴһš
һˣ
Ǻôãͷһ뿪ķΧٺ٣
СͷԵģһ͵̽
Ʒص˵Сĵ㣬磬𵽴ܡ
ⲻǷϻ𣿺òܸһܣôܣ
СɺٺһЦ
ͻȶһҲڳΧڷܰǸԣܰҲ
ȵǸˮѲСӣǾȶֺˣȿǵʵΡİɣһһԿκʧġ
Ц˵
˰磬ҲδףȻǴѧԺʴ¹ģôǿҲܱǿɣ
СɺٺһЦ
ܰѾδ׵磬ʵȦǿĴˣҳ𡢻ȶҲδףӵԽսԷСɺܳʱûм֪ʵҲǺġ
ԿˣϣȺˮѲСӲҪ̫ͺˣҪ̫û˼ˡ
΢΢ûȥ˵Ϊ˵ûκ壬ʵλҪĲ֪
Ӱ򡣡
ܰʱģ̧һϵ̫֮иֳȻ۳һ伣򣬴Χڵθʧٴȫˡ
ʶ֪ڽԶĵطҲǸ֪ǵĴڣΪϵϢӰ֣һ͵ĲΡ
Լʩ˾ֶ֮Σǲεʶ֪ҲֻʮﷶΧ֮ڲܹ֪ⰵӰеĴڡ
ֶκܲ
ǰһ
ӴŷܰһȷģһǾܹһˮѲСӣȡֲһĴʩ
Ӱģǽϵ̫֮
ûʾӰĿ£ֻܰ˽ϵ̫֮Ѿѽϵ̫֮ȫȫˣҲһ򵥵顣
Ȼ̫صİæҪȫϵ̫֮ҲҪߵԺ츳УҪȻ򵽰˳ɵʱס޷
ڰӰڻѸٳ˳ȥ
Ǻ֮⣬ȻһƬ޵ĺڰռ䣬ҪԶĵط֮⣬ܹǹ㣬ˮĽΧ
ˮȷߵ磬ҲǺ飬ڳԶܵĴںǲѲСӹ̽ҲǺȷжֻϧǲ֪ǣǺдʲôǿߡ
һǲѲСӣˮ岻ܳ񣬱Ͼˮ壬ȻҪ΢ǿһЩǲʮģʮҡ
ǿ߶ǾսģѲһͻȻֵĽ硭
ԵҵǸˮѲСӵʱ򣬾ͷѲСܹʮԱһ߶δףδףʣȫδ׵ǿ塣
ʮͷˮ壬ʮˮǰУԵúۣܲǱע⵽ˡ
˱ѲСʮľ룬ȻʼԲߡ
Էݣû취Ӧˣɡ
˼һ£۾˵ͷ߶δ׺ͷδ׽ʣµĽǣûɣ
һͷ߶δ׺ͷδ֮⣬оʣ¾ͷˮ壬ͷδףͷδףų˵ӦǿԶԸĴڡ
սУСɺͷƷ˾ѷһˣϺѵκһͷ塣
δ׵磬˵ѰҪǿδ׵壬»δ
Ҫ𡢻ȶһԣźͷܰˡ
ͬ£һжӦǲġ
磬Ը߶δ׵ˮ壬ûɣһҪǣסͷδס
СЩɡ
̫ʱûһսˣԲڵʵȥðɣǸҺ涯֡
ûнֻ̫࣬ЦһЦȻֱӾһ˸˲˳ȥ
бϣΪսе˲ƷǳãһӾܹԽԶľ룬˵ˮѲСֻʮľ롣
һգ۾ˮѲСǰ
ʵϲҪ˵Ըһͷ߶δ׼ͷδˣʮͷˮȫɵˣҲǿõģΪ˿һǵʵֻԸеͷ
ĳ֣ˮʮͷѲһоҲδ׵Ϊ̾˷Ӧ
ͷͷ߶δˮ壬ȫȻγһˮݣ˲ţȻУˮдǿĸʴ֮ͼ׸ʴڻ
ϧǣһ͹ǿȡ
ѾԶѰ߶δߵǿȣ
˿ûȥǽˮĸʴ֮Щʴֻܹ֮ʴı棬Ȼħ֮ıѸƤܵһ˿һ˺
Ȼ̻ǻ൱ʹ࣬ȫƤʴڻʹ࣬˵ҲѾ㲻ʲôˣֻ˵Ǽҳ㷹
ûȥ߶δˮĹƣǶ׼ͷδ׵ˮߣֱӴ߶޽֮ա
õֻѰʾģһֶΣͰͷδ׵ˮһԣͬɫˮ֮Уܵ˸ʴ֮
ͷ߶δ׵ˮ̾ɢɫˮݣɲԼҲʴڻοҲǿȲͬ죬ֶο϶ǶԸˡ
һ޽֮գһζʾģֱӰ߶δ׵ˮԼߡ
߶δ׵ˮѲߣ㲻ʲô۷ǿߣʴ¹Щ߶δ۷壬ܴ󣬸˵ڵȵʴ¹ʱǿˡ
ԣԸЩһûκѹ
޽֮գֱӰͷˮ嶼ԣͬʱ߶δ׵ˮ廹ܵĵĿֲЧʼѸٱȡţ


1588 ȫ
ʮΣ
ֱʩչܾûõֶΣȻͷˮ嶼УͿʼ˿Ϸģʽ
һʱ˲ƹʱ򣬳ǾûͣԭأǷ׷׳߸˹ʮľ˵ҲʲôΪǶ˿ռġ
ȻֻǱԴĿռģ˲ʮﻹǺɵ顣
ڱɫˮݸʴڻʴʱǻЩĵģžͷδˮ嵽ԣȻɫˮݱɢҲ˿
ǿȷģոյĽУδʲôĹֶΣѾͷˮȫѹסˡ
źͳǶܹר־ĶԸǰĶ֡
ͻȶֱӾʣͷδˮ鷳
˶ǻޣһֱӾͻ˱壬ͷյУʩչͨͷδˮƴ
ˮõҪǸʴԵǰӰԵĻԪҺԵģԳͻȶʱǻᱻѹסġ
ǸʴԵҺ廹ǰӰģڹͻȶʱ򣬶ᱻĻ󲿷֣Ȼʣľͱ˵ķϵֵסǶԸûκɱ
𣡡
ڽս֮ûã㿪ʼʩչһжƷǼֶΣҲܹʩչǿֶΣ
յеȻ˷ͷδˮȻ
ȷǴ˷ӿȥһͬʱ˸Ŀռ䣬ͷδ׵ˮûа취ֻܹܿӲ
Һϳͷδ׵ˮΧͼֵסȴʵǹڿ꣬ǼҺϳˡ
߾죡
ȶҲʾֱӾȡһ޾ƷսսŸնãһƮŻĳӣʱ˿̱߶ѳ˲󣬷һֲ浶⣬˲䳯ͷˮնȥ
սѵ¶
һԿţ۾Щ⣬벻˾ȻѾܹ޾ƷսˣһĽȵʲôʱܹ޾Ʒս˵ɿ˵ǵǷ켫ˡ
ڸϲԴƷͲܶĳˣԴƷ⼶սֻǿŻ۳Ƕܹóġ
ܹõ̫¯ĻǿԶ̫Ʒ޾ƷսĽϣС
оѵʮ۷壬ǿ϶ǳԽκսģܹﵽ߼ԴƷĳ̶ȣȻеѶʵ̫ˣһֱڲžѵڶѡ
սпȥͻȶѾͷδ׾ˮȫѹסˡ
΢ЩʧˮѲСӣ˼£϶ֻѰߣÿһͷˮ嶼߱ԽսͻȶЩһȻֵܵסˡ
ǳ𣬶ڻĵѾﵽ˼£һʾĻƺΪ츳ȻȻģò˵Ǽǿ츳
ȶе޾ƷսҲͬսĹռƣǶԷܹӵһЩֶΣȻֵĿ񱩹ơ
֣ҡ
ž͸ֱˡ
ͷδ׵ˮ壬ȴ˿ûκκ£һħ󿪴ϣͨͨħ߶ʩչͬʱһħǿᵶ
⵶һ޾似ħԴģֻֻеȵﵽһ̶֮Ż֣Ҳ֮ǰʱûϬļɡ
޾似֣ŶսҪʲôɡ
еħսȻҲȻһ£޾ƷǿսҲǾ˵ĸġ
޾ħ޾ֱӾͳͷˮ岻ȥÿһһʱƽȣʱĵⱬʱһͷδ׵ˮʹ䡣
ǸֵסǿĹƣ
һߣܰսʽҪĶˣĿֶΣ似ҲӵпЧ
ʣµͷδˮ壬Ŀûа취ûа취ĴٻܰûжֶΡ
ȵһŰԼֽ֮תæˡ
һͷδףǸƷͷСڡˣ
ʣƷͷСֶβ٣Ĳ࣬û취ɱͷδףֻܹһЩֶνס
Ʒֵͷˮ壬СɴЭսǳ棬˵˵㣬ǶԸ似û⣬Ƿǳɫġ
Ǹûбͷˮ˵ͷˮˣת
ǵԼδ׵ʱ򣬶ԸδҲЩģܹһ㣬Ѿ൱ˣӵδ׻δ׵ΪȳĲ
ƷͷСɣ˵սʽͷ죬ȴϵ޷죬˵ǣ£ͷδ׵ˮķ˴ûȡκνҲûа취ȥˮ塣
󣬾ֻĿͬΪѲ߶ӵĶѱšһһնɱȻԼҲЩ˵Ĺƣ
ˮѲСӣ׼
˵ֻʣסͷˮû
ʱҲˡ
ʮαϾֻǶƷֶΣͬʱסֵĻԷҪü࣬ˮȫնɱ֮ͷˮҲʮ
ӭǵȴǸӿֲֶΡ
ֶΣšʩչĶҪ̵ö࣬ҪǿĶ࣡
նɱˮ壬ǺܸɴģϾǱһһֱնɱڳͷʣˮǰģȴһƬԵ
ɱ
ڶ˳ѧɹĹʱ˿̣ޡͻȪڳӿֶͬһƬͷˮոճ֣ͱɱ֮С
ĿֲϮͷˮûа취
ɱ֮УѭϮͷˮľ꣬ԼǵĴÿϤһҪֵʱϻỻһǡ
̵Уͷˮ嶼ǳʹ࣬Ϊǵľĥȴ˿ûеֿķ

һɱ£ͬһʱ£ͷˮľһĨɱ
ⲻǹǶɱҪɱһҪòֹһֶΣûһֽŲܹ
ɱȴǼɴĽɱ𣬻ɢ˿
һĻһԳŵĿɿڴ


1589 ӰԴȪ
ĵ˵ͷ
ɱɱˣҪ˵ǰЩѰˮףһЩ߶δ۷ǿߣڵ˵ҲǲսʤĴˡ
ˣˮѲСѾȫǿȴظˣѲС֮ˮ϶ǲ˹ȥ֮󣬶⸽Ҫǿǡ
˵

ܰȻ΢΢һЦ⸽ǰĺֻۣ֮ܶ̽ҪԷرмһǺʮﷶΧڣԻᱻǷ֡
ۣ֮̽
ЩˣΪǻ治֪ǺӵôˮѲСӵġ
ǰƳĶӵιܵ̽սǰϴһһöֲۣ֮̽ǺΧÿ֮̽۶ܹ̽ʮգϣǸʮ֮ڵȫˡ
ܰһ¡
ԭˡ
ȻЦŵ˵ͷӰǸõľҪƵۣ֮̽µȵ˼Ҵ򵽼ſˣǺӵ˲ܷ֣ͻܶս
Ȼ֮̽۵ĴڣڿʼǺҲ϶ӭһһĹˮ廹壬ֻҪǺӵĴڣǲֵͣˡ
ϾǺǵĽԱߡ
Ȼڵˮ壬»֪ǺǱ塢ռݵģҲΪˮ߻Ū˸أҪ̽һ
ϧһѲСӵʵʵ̫ˣʲôϢ޷ȥѾȫɱˡ
֪һ̽ʲôʱ
֪ŵģ黹кܶûġ
ǺӵĶ෽඼ܾûоսˣиѲ߶ô˳־ˣԶ֣õʱͻȻս᲻ϰߡ
ˮѲС֮˱һصǺӵС
ڵʵСҲǳ׷ˣǰڣһȺеĴͷ磬һѾȷˡ
ܳʱûСɻΪԼ˵ĽǺܿˣڸȻźܴĲࡣ
֮Ĳ࣬ر󣬵κη棬Ҫǳࡣ
صǺ֮ڣ͸ǷֿˣҪصȥ
ɵĻˮѲСӣʵϣǺܵδģûǿߣһĻǷǳֵ顣
֪һһʯ񣬼Ҳǿߣ֪һͨʯսҲޣҲǸո̤ûãսǱȲЩġ
ҪҲѸԼˡ
ԭҪεǿսǲܵģϾܶȵĲӵ֮ƣԼɱֻҪһĻδزܶԸһЩѰǿߣٵֵһǿ϶ûġ
ټϣкֶܶûпʼ
磬ӺڵõطӰԴȪ
ⰵӰԴȪطǺڵھĽϾ͵õǿ󴫳УŵطÿһذӰԴȪطʩչаӰģܹǿһ
˵Ǽõط
طҲ൱ѣҪħ֮٣ɼͬһֶΡ
С֮ԴеܾûжùˣһֱѾ˺ȫ㹻ȥӰԴȪط
ȻطҪһʱģھĺĿռȥĻܹͬʱܵɱѬգİɱСɵľ硣
κ似ӳѧСɣõɲһ㣬ˣСɾɱԶúء
żǿģһʱ϶̫ߵĳ̶ȡ
СŨעԼĵﵱУطӰԴȪ֮ڵڵһӰУⰵӰҪ͵㹻
طѶȣħ֮Ļǲ˶ˡ
Щп
ܵԼСеѸţЩ۵ģϾЩģһ룬ط֮⣬ЩҲûʲô̫ˣҲûжˡ
СУһֱϲǧܹȥһС͸˹Ǳߡ
ܹԼõģռܹİ˳ɡ
Ҫ֪С置ΧԽԽҲٶԽԽ죬֮ԴЧЩ˵ȫòˡ
ڿǣǲҪøԼС֮Ҳǿһ֣Ҳܹһ̶ǿ
ʱ˵ûʲôʱȥҸ嵽ԼСġ
뷨ʱֻܸȥľȥ˵С磬Щʱ仨ϣڵ˵ʵһЩ
ӰԴȪطĹУһһصٶȡ
ȵʱѾⰵӰԴȪط˵أϾͰǰʱܵȫˡ
ڵǸСӣԼֻŰѰӰԴȪطصӣأ˺ϾСӲֻǵ۾εߣûԼС磬Ȼôˡ
˵ʵڵܽӰԴȪأѾǳˣϣСӶȻҲǵӶҩ֮ĶϷãпܴﵽˮ׼ҪȻĻضﲻ
ֱӽӰԴȪ˵أκΰӰĵĻ˵ֱս
ӵ˰ӰԴȪİӰЧе֮ƣֻҪﵽ߶δ׵磬ܹһЩѰǿߵġ
֮ƣܹһܶȣ˵ԽսЧ൱ĺá
ϧǣӰԴȪûкصڵСӣǲԸ⽫Ҳûа취ܲܰСӸɵɣɱĻ͸ǵòصİӰԴȪˡ
ھĺĿռУ̾˿Ҫ飬Ϥһεõǿսˡ
׹һ߼ԴƷڵ϶ȫӳ
ֻҪеһС֣ܹǳһӹɵģ⣬ö֮ʯҲ׼Ϥһ£ڻ˵Ƕʱ䣬֮ʯͦõġ


1590 ֮
ԴƷȫڽ뵽ʴ¹֮ŽӴģԶ˽Ƚ١
֪ÿһԴƷ֮У̺ǰһԴƷǰһŴˡ
߼ԴƷ̺Ѿ޽ӽһ۷ǿˡ
ǿߵõԴƷԴƷ໥ں֮൱ھһǿߵĲ˵Чûôֲˡ
ȡ׹ʴ¹жǿս
һ߼ԴƷһ޵״ȼڵĻ棬ԵüɭȻɲеȻǰӰԺͻԵĽϡ
ӰԴȪطЧ׹еİӰ޷ãΪⲢ
׹еبżܶȱѰʮ˵ϻ޷ƿصĴڡ
ȳƿеһ֡
ֻܶʮ֮һҲܹӳǿˣԱΪҪĹֶʹá
ھеĺĿռ㣬ʼ׹еġ
ͬʱϦ衢濡һջīˣҲһռУǴĹŵУӦʾģڸӵеĹŵƷ
ŵѾȫɱΪ޾Ʒս
һʼȫû뵽ģû뵽鷢վ۲ûаŵռ
Ծ˵ʹҲ㲻ʲô̫ܣ˵ܹȫεĴڣеĿռ䣬ҲֻоԼһ˽
۲ͬ
һ˵ȥԿ塢еͽ֮ǿ壬ԼͬʱԼεҲ
ŵΪ޾ƷսҲ˸ӦʾģȪޣǼǿֶΡ
ټһ𣬶߶δ׵ľ磬ôҲܹԿһѰǿߵġ
ȻҲֻܹ΢ֵһˡ
ܶȷĲôǿ󣬶սʤһ
ֻǣֻܹ΢ֵһ£Ҳ൱ѵõˡ
ǵʼ彮򸽽սʱУ֣Щ߶δ׵彫춼ȫ޷ֿģϦֵܹһѾǳ˲ˡ
ңƺǵļޡ
оɱɵľ磬ôĿռĵĲ㽫ῪлЩʲô
ǺɱйصĻǾֻһˣǾǣдبżԼϦ˶˵Ļǵʵһ¥
Ϊʵս뿪˾ǰ˶һԶżУƵһʯȥдȥˡ
ԼǼо׹
Ѿ˹򣬶ҹпӡ֮ƣҪȻĻٵоһʱ䣬пܶ׹һɵ
ڣоֻҪһ£ܴ߶׹һɵ׹ĵһ÷
ÿһԴƷŲͬ÷֮ǰ˵ʱ򣬶֮ʯ֮Ȼ䱬ֶһ֮ʯһ÷
÷ڵѾòˣΪѾǽˣδ׵޷ƿܶȵֻóеʮ֮һˡ
νĶԴƷʮ֮һʵֻһ˵
ʵϣ׾ߣǿȫԴƷģܶȵԵʣ´߶õԴƷܶһġ
Ҳ˵ԴƷȫһ׵ͷųͲʮܶȵˣǸױܶһ
׹еȫǸɣ䶯óҲȫ޻
ˣҲǷǳǿĴڣҪ֪׹п̺Žӽǿߵȫ
Ĳ˵ٶó֮󣬼Щȫǡ޻Ҳܹ׾ٵûһ׾š
Ǹ߼ԴƷ
ˮĵһѲСӱ׻ɱ֮½ǲһЩѲСӹƱҪ߾ʲôһ¡
ڶεʱǺðˣһЩǿߣǺ֮ȥЩˮѲСӡ
ڵһεʧܣˮڶǲѲСӣҪ˲٣ʵ֮ǰҪǿһЩ
Ȼϰǿ׵Χ£ЩѲˮ廹Ǻʵ˵
ʱǺгֵϴı׾š
Ȼ׾ŶˣֻеЩ׶ӳСӳȵȣǿϴҲ㹻ܹϰͷˮѲСȫûˡ
һΣˮѲСУƺܵһͷ
ܵͷˮ壬伣ֶʮָҴһʼûμսȫѲС̽ģҪ˵ϴˣˣҲһܹץһͷˮ塣
ǿˮľӢܹӰ쵽սԼǿڣ
ǲǼһȫΪ̽ʵ
ӣǺеݿҪ¶ˣ˲£ⶥǽΧΧѣرء
˵ģе塢ͽ壬ĴڣԶԶûпӰأܹһʱˡ
ǵѲСӱ֮󣬰ʱ䶼ûʲôٳǺ֮ˡ
ʱѾ׹Ĳˣبżģɣ׹ȫܹ߶еֻܶԼܶһѡ
̵Уʱ̴߶ž֮ԼԣΧʱٵģȥԤеĴﵽʱ䣬Ҫǰĸµʱ䡣
ò˵֮ڰͨʵ̫ǿˣǼʱκ˶Ҫһֹ
֮ƵЧبżĵҲǼѸٵġ
بż֣һ־ʴ¹еõģڵѾȫʱټ£֮ƵЧ쳣
еڶ־׹̺ˡ
κԱѹΪܶʮ֮ΨبżģɱΪ֮󣬲ӵǿƻ
֪ڵҲڷ
ЧΣͲ֪ˡ
Ҳܹ׹ɹ߶ʱǺ֮˴󶯾ˮ塢ʯ壬Ȼһ𣬸Գһ׾ţǺӽ


1591 ȫ߼ƻ
׾ţͬǺɱ˹
ԴһΣˮѲСУһĴѳȥ֮ˮûڣһжһһжɼǶõˡ
֮ĽǱȽѵģֱӽ϶ýһЩС
磬ͿԽеʶС飬н
ҪжҪܳʱģԣŵ֮ǰʱİ
϶֪ڵȴģʱˣ
׾ţһԱΪһλһ˵УһǧǴףǧѰؾߣ˹ģսλҪġ
Ϊӵĵڰ֮ͨ
֮ͨԽǿĶ֮󣬾ͻԽ֮࣬ǰһֱûʲôᣬרͨ
ʴ¹Уκζ˶ᱻʴ¹գǲɶֵĻᡣ
ʴ¹֮ǰֻѧԺʱ򣬲лǿȥɣҲ̫ϡ٣϶о֮ͨ
ھͲһˡ
׾ŹǺӵ⣡
Ҫܹ׾ŵؾȫɵܹþ֮٣
һ㣬Ҳ֪
Ҫɵ׾ţҲô׵飬ٲһ˾ܸ㶨飬ֻҪʬɾˡ
Ǻӷ׾ſʱ̾Ϳʼװ
Ϊ˱ʧǺӲ׾ȥԿԷ׾ţ໥ƣϾǺӱȲЩ塣
׾ûһǧҲа˰٣ֻ֮ˣǺ˵ܹҲż׾ţһٵˣȥ
ԣԳ֡
ڵǺӣ֮⣬ԶԿһ׾ŵģҲֻһˣҪôĳսϡ
Ͼһ֪ҳֵĻ϶Ҳɳ񾳽ǿ߹Ǻ˵ʲô顣
׼Լ׾ųǺ֮⣡
ѶȺܴ󣬵ܹ׹֮⵹ǲ飬ΨһĹؼǲˣҪһЩ˵Э
ЭߣҪעԷ׾еľų֮ıȽǿĴڣЩڣп޷ƾ׹޲𹥻ѶԷɵġ
ҪЭסЩһ
Ȼ󣬻ҪڶԷͷöԷʩչʲôȺĿռ䴫ֶ֮Σ׾еȫˣĻǱ¶Լʵûõʲôô
ҪѡһЩȽʵ˰æˡ
ܹģһҲֻܶԿһ׾ţ׾ţȥסС
֮ܶһǲһ׾ųѾ㹻ǺӶԱˡ
һμģҪǱţԼţ׾ŵĳԱҪס׾š
ڸһжģǵɺ˾ԪĹӰԱܹһˣʣµĻ̫ûȫԱ
һδ׾ǿߣжѾ㹻˵ģҹӰһ˵ʵǿԾһЩͨ
Χһ׾Χ;ԲöԷκһˣǵӰԱǻ᲼󷨵ġ
ڵĹӰǻ᲼һСǿ󷨣ܹסһΧڵĿռ䣬׾޷ѳȥ
˹Ӱİæ㹻ʱ䣬ȥ׾һ򾡡
ҪʮһʣµʮˣҪ͸ԸЩ䵥ġȽǿףʮ˶ǹӰеľоͰ˵ɺ˾Ԫס
Ӿг֮̾һ˳Ǻ֮Ѹ˲ƹȥ
ӰˣȫԵΣֱӽСС
еմԽѸٵǺӵıԵȻȡƬ磬뿪ǺӵķΧǰǿ֮С
մԽһԾܴϰ
ֻҪһδԽܹһ׾ŵĸǰǱ˸飬ϾǼǿս̫Ʒѵڶ˫ʲô˶ܹӵеġ
رǣбѳˮϵ̫֮ʩչմԽȫѴ֮
׼ãϿʼж
֮ҲЩ˷ܣոհ׹գ벻׾Ǻڴ׹߼ԴƷġ
ֻϧӰԴȪ޷׹ṩӳɣҪȻĻϲû̫ܸɵ׾ˡ
ӰˣѾС׼ֻ͹ȥͻԷɢȥ׾ȫΧ
ѡģˮ巽׾ţϾѾɵˮѲСӣԶȽϤһЩ⻹ʯͻ壬Ըرĸɴࡣ
Ͼʯÿһ嶼̫ˣ׾ŹģҪԷΧЩѣŵȽϺá
壬û壬Ҳ©֮㡣
жҪľǿ٣ܸԷһ˿һĻᣬöԷκһһѡ
Ļɵһ׾ţܿ׾žѾ׼ʱͻЩ鷳
մԽȥ֮ǰСпʼħЩħҲƻжеĹؼ⿿һ˵ĻĲ̫ܰ׾һ򾡡
Щħͻȫһˡ
߰ɣж
СеĹӰ֪ͨһȻСֱӴ߶մԽǰˮ׾ڵĵط
ӰմԽ֮󣬵һʱСгˣȻʮӰԱ˷ɢȥ׼ķ
ʮӰǿߣǳΧɢȥ
໥ԿڵְҪȥɨˮѲСӣ̽ˮ׾ţܹʮ˵ѲСǰЩʮӰǿǰҪĶ֡
ܹʮһħǸˮ׾ŵΧУ
ˮ׾ţܹ߶δ죬ʮδ׵ľ׼а˵ϻǺܺöԸġ
ڵǿ˵ϣĶδµĹ˵Чġ
ھ񹥻ͿֶΣھ֮Եʣ͸ܶʲôӰˡ
ħֱ֮Ӿʹ߶˵ڰ֮ͨ
ܹʮ֮һ˲ˮ׾ΧǰΧҽһƬڵʱټ


1592 Ÿ
֮򸲸ˮ׾ŵڵĿռڵʱ٣˶һ
Լ֮⣬ˮЩؾǿߣȫܵӰ죬κζΪһ˵ûо֮ʱټĻܷܿһЩ¼ûа취
һѰ׾УûʲôܹƳľ֮
Щؾǿߣһ֮򣬶ܽɵΪû㹻ʱȥ֮ġ
Ͼھֵ֮һֱ̣ӾͿʼ߶׹
׹߶֮˲ԽԽɫĳȻ쵽֮УǧյУһƬȳ
ڻŵˮ׾ȫΧУ
ҲʱΧĹӰʮԱĲãһӰ˲˳Уȫ
ռ䣬
޾ĺɫ˲Ϯ
ˮ׾УԱûзӦѾǺɫŵȻ˾꿪ʼҷ
׹ǿĵطڣȫԶֵľйȼնԷ꣬۶Էôǿ󣬶ûκôġ
ھȽǿĻ˵׹ɱͻһЩڣϾⷽķǺܳɫġ
ԸЩˮ壬ֱǻȺһûκε
ˮ׾еЩؾǣһû뵽Ĺƣһ֣ҲӦӦԷʽ
ڳֵȴ񣬶һδ׵壡
Щˮãˡ
һôôǿ
һδ׵ˮ׾ţ
˵׾ŵʵȽˮҲǴûзİ
Щˮ˵׾ŵ߶δ׾ųûм߼ԴƷ
׹֣ȼڻ棬ռ䶼ʱˮ׾ŶˣЩˮؾߣ׷׳׹ͷ·һ׹֮ϡ
ǣ׹Ǹ߼ԴƷԽƻ˵Щؾļһˣǽһͷؾˮͬʱ׹Ҳ޷˿ˡ
ⲻС⣬ε⡣
ʮܶȵӵеҪȻܶ׹ʲôӰ졣
෴׹չֻ֮Ҫϵڻˮ׵ľ곹׷մʣһ˿һĻҽֻʣţƮƬյС
Ȼ󣬾ȽϽľ֮򣬱Ὣɵǿ
ħ۳ľ֮䱾ڣͬСеľ֮֮ͨԱɵʬ壬ͬҲǿ֮ͨ
׹ֻƬ̣Ѿ˳ǧˮؾĴڡ
Ǹ߼ԴƷ
ⶫʴ¹ܹõĶ֮һȻبż֮ԴĶҲΪı֮һڸս˵بż֮ԴҲԶԶ߼ԴƷġ
ҲΪʲôѡ׹ΪҪĿԭ
׹𾪵ģЩˮ׾ųԱ
ԼҲ𾪵ˣϾͷһζ߼ԴƷȶҲֻв²ѣȴû뵽һգ۾ܸɵǧͷؾˮ塭
ӱ𾪵ģаΧȦİʮӰԱ
Ȼ߰󣬵ļƻʵģһ֮ɵ׾ŵ岻ɣ
Ǳǻɵġ
ڼʶ׹ɫ֮Ͽֲ֮ܣгǧͷˮֱӸɵ֮лȫˣȡ֮ƽ飬ִӹ͸𾪣ǵԺ
ȫ͸һɭȻȵɱ⣬׹·֮˦ĶĶһƬؾˮ塣
ʱ˿̣׹Ѿ쵽ʮﳤƣˮ׾днֹһ˲ˮ׾Ѿ˹롣
ħˮףѾʼעħϡ
ΪǿһеĹؼδ׵ϡ
ȴҲ޷ֱһǱ壬ֻܸžħȥֻϧЩħǿȸһģһġ
ϰѰؾҲܻκһħ
ҲЩδסδ׵ĳħȥھ֮Ӱ£ЩˮӲȫοħҲսģվǱ˴
һħ߶ģʩչ޽֮
ҪǶԸδס߶δףبżԸѰףʾӦԾͿˣ϶һ©֮㣬ĳˮ׾žѾ䣬֯ʲôЧķ
ɺ˾Ԫ׵ʮ˱Ҫġ
ѲСӣصԵʱȴָҪǰæ̧֣бֱ֣ǰЩˮУɱ
֮͸Ȼ֮⣬ȫЩˮʬȫȥ
ܹ֮ܵͨѸڻĹ̵УҲ֪˶٣ֻܵս׽ϸһˡ
ؼģҪѳеˮȫ𣬲ܷκһ
ķ֮£Щˮ׸벻Ƭգֻƴһʼ̫࣬Ҳ֯ʲôЧĵֿˡ
ģģҲһͷˮ׺ʹ׻ϵĳԵһħ
ħȻǿǱͷˮ״׸׸ɵҷ𣬱ϾһǺֲܿģȻ޷ݻ׹Ըһħû⡣
ϧǣǼʱѾע⵽һˮףȻӶ׹ˮڴƹȥ
·ڤĹڻķ֮£ЩˮҲû˿ķһһֻ꣬ʣǿտǣ֮ȥ
ͷˮ֮󣬳о͸ûĵֿˣֻʣɢɢһЩֶδˮףҲһЩ׹û˦ģǿ
ѾûܵĻᡣ
ĻᣬǰɵϧǸһ㡣
ˮ׾ţܿҪ׸
ʱҲڿʼϸԼ֮⽫һͷˮ֮ĳɳ̶ȣϲ˵ģ


1593 һ
һ£Լܹ˾ǧҵˮؾǿߡ
һǧͷˮף»ҷҪЩǱ׹ɱĶ֣ʬͺѱبżĴ߶޽֮յĻֻʬ޴ˡ
ֻ˾ǧͷˮؾʿľ֮ҲѾõԵ
˵ľ֮һ٣ôⳡսʼ֮ǰɢô֮ͱһҡ
ǧˮף֮˵һһʮ
Ҳ˵һӾͱ֮ǰǿһ룬ǿ󣬲ھ֮ĲƹЧ棬ǱɵȣԼҪһ㣬ʱټĳ̶ȡ
ĸܵھ֮򸽽ʱټѾ֮ǰһ룬ңҲ˵žܹ֮þ֮ƿصʱӻ
̫ˣȥʮĻʵֻǹȥ죬ɸؾ壬ʱٵļЧǿ󡭡
ڶԾ֮ɣڴ
һУΪӵ׹߼ԴƷܹڵõ£Ͱ׾Ÿɵ
ȥĿһߵĻ׾š
׾ţǰǱȽϲԸģ岢ûʲô걻׹Ļ᲻ûʲôܸ֮ɵģ
֮ǰѧԺʱҲԸٻ壬ʱֶΣԽľ곹״ݻ٣ֻǽԷɱݻеˣȻţܹɵġ
ڣ׹ĻȻǽһݻ٣ĻܾܿͲʣʲôܹ֮ɵˡ
ô׾ŻҪɵеġ
ʯ׾ţ׾ŸɵѶʵҪСһЩͽΪڶĿԸˡ
ɨս
ֹͽˣɵֻЩˮ׵ǸԻʣºܶ൤ҩս֮ĶЩɶǼõģǺ˵һʺܴսƲʡ
һս֮󣬺ܿǺӵ˴Ǻڷ˳׼ɨսѳжȫߣκһ˿һĺۼ
ȻʹŹӰĳԱСУСմԽ
ѡᴩǺӣǰһ׾ţ׾ţӦţûзͻ໥ŶԷʵ
ӵУѵ˵ڶ㣬մԽľüңԶǺᴩǺӣҪѶ೤ʱ䡣
һʱʹǺӣǺ֮⣬ȻűеĻ׾ڴȥ
˳УȻְ׾Ѿɢʮ󣬷ɢǰһƬյУƺһƬհΧȴƬյоʹſĻ壡
׼һǸɵ
ԹӰȻ˱ԸΧɢȥ
СΧĿռĻǶˣϧǣ׾׾֮սܹһ֮ĶԿ
ľ򣬲ûа취ô
ԣӰǱˣһһͻս¶ȥڽĽ˵Բʲô顣
벻κһ֣
ӰʼжˣȻҲܵʲôʱ䣬һԣȵӰİʮԱֱΧλ˹󣬾һ۳ʮһħ
ʮһħˮϵ̫֮͵˳и򣬽׾ŰΧ
ԭ׾ڸΧİ׾Ŷš
û뵽ԸǵĲ׾ţĴڣ
׾˵Ȼǲ׿սģڿս֮ǰҪúõǰ׾ŵʵ
û׾ŵв̶ȣѾϵˡ
ʮһħֱΧ˻׾ŸΧУȻܹʮ֣֮ʱ˲
ңڵʱټЧ֮ǰԸˮʱǿ
ɱ
ûκԥֱӾʹ߶׹ڻĹ˲չƵ죡
ͷ·һס˿ռ䣬ȻеĻ嶼޷ۼҲ޷Ƿκһɱ¾ȫѾʼˣ׹˲죬·һռס
ڻȫ
ԸоһһĻڻ浱У׾ţѾױû
ˡ
Ϊ׹ɱĻ壬Ȼ޷֮ˣΪ屻׹ɵ֮൱Ǿȫûκζʣڡ
ô׹ԸԷǱģҪȻĻǺӷ϶һЩԱԱⲻҪġ
Ҫþ֮ɶ֣Ժеǻᣬż
׾ţȫֻ̽жˣ׾Ÿ֮󣬶Է϶кжʱеǻЩ塣
ڣܿܳһЩ񡭡
֪þ֮һͷĻʲôЧ
Դ˻Ǻڴġ
ڸɵˮ׾֮Ѿᳵ·ڶԸ׾Ÿûκ©һԾ͸ɵ˳һĻס
ЩΧ۵İ׾ŵĳԱһɴ۾ֱһδ׵顣
һ񾳽ǿߣҲͲ˶Ѱɣ
Ĵڣ޷ȥ֪ܹﵽؾߣʶ֪㹻ǿģܵĴڣʲô⡣
ڣˣĸܵлڲϼٵĹ̵УҼٵٶȳԤϵĿ죡
Ǳڽܵʱ֮ʱѾ˳ʱŵ׼ȴû뵽ֻ˲ʱʹһ߸ϹˣһǿƵֶΣ׾ŸŰɱ
˵ʵЩʶǻĸһ˲õļһ
ԭǺӣֻΪ뿪ǣıȡһ·ˣȴû뵽ܹ֮ӵ˷ḻԴǵٶȱǰ
ڣѧԺʴ¹ǱǿͣȻѾܹһ˵׾ţ
ҪǵıܵĻ˿ֻҪһˣܹ׾Ÿ
ʵʵ˳Ծ
һУΪȼڻս
Щȵսʵϣֻ׹һô򵥡


1594 һ
ܹǿ͵ĶԸ׾ţֻΪ׹Ϊ֮ơ
֮ƵЧýӴĶܶȱһ롣
ûдﵽ񾳽£˵ܶȶһģڸսʱ֮ƵЧԷܶȽһ룬͵˶Էκֶͨεһ룡
Ҳ൱ܶǶԷĲɾʹˡ
û׹ʩչһЩֶΣսȭڡ޽֮յȵȣҲֱܹӰѶɱģ¶Էδ߶δ׵ǿҲһ
ֻҪԷûʲôֶΣ˵ֻ
֮ǰʴ¹߶δ۷ĴڣпܸڵжԵУǿڣ塢ʯˮһûж١
ܲμʴ¹ģҲˣٸ嵱УֻжʮӵбȽǿս˵ֻܹ΢ƥһ¡
ò˵ڵϾѾﵽ޵еĳ̶ȣҼҲƴһƴ
ʽ̤߶δ׵ľ֮ʱԸİվ͸һЩˡ
У׾ѾֱǸֵ׹ɱ¾ȻЩǿҪΧЩħ֣ǣ֮ȴе谭
ħҲʩչͨ似ɱЩס
ħɱĻ壬ǿԱ֮ɵģһûзŹջ˴Լһǧͷľǿһ¾֮
ž֮ɵĶԽ֮࣬ɵЧҲԽԽˣǺʵġ
Ҫþ֮ʼʱٻˮ׾ŲС
Ȼûرż
ͺá
˴Լһǧͷ֮׾žͲѾȫûˣԼħɢ׹Ȼ˹ӰĳԱһ׾ų
ʯ塣
뿪֮󣬳а׾ſʼ
׸С
벻ȻѾôǿˣռʱ򣬻ûܹɳز
ʧķЦҡҡͷ
ҵԤˣֻû뵽һô졣
Ц˵
һֱǺܿõģ֪϶ȴû뵽ô죬ѾܹﵽӽĲˣҪ˵ڵ壬ʷϣ¶ûгֹĿֲڡ
ô˵ǺӦһƬվȽŸɡ
˵ǿ壬塢еͽ壬壬ƺҪĴ㣬Ҳ֪ǲġ
ǲģҲֻҪԼ飬ĴƴҪ㹻ĵ汳
Щ׶˵
ϵͲһ£ԼܲͻƵҿ߶δҲѾͦˡ
ٺһЦ
񾳽磬ôͻƵģҪôͻƵĻҲֻˡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ٶԴ츳ĻҲ޷̤񣬵㣬СӣѪһ嵱ģҪͻĻҲָֻˡ
ԣҡҡͷڲδףҪ̤黹еңԶ
뵽һˣʥۡ
һӵĽŮӣڲ֪ˣ

ʵҲûмʥۣʥҲһֱûǺӵУЩĵģ֪ʥΡ
Ȼ廹彮ʥ۵츳ʵԣӦǲʲô̫Σա
ÿ˶ԼĹ켣ûҪȥÿ˶Ǻ
ڰ˵ʥȴһܲһļУϾѪ侫ϹŰĺᣬڵİ˵ش
ϴθʱҲѾ˵ܵĻȥһʥںη
ӦˣûʱȥѰңΪ塢еͽߵĽ֪ʲôʱͻᵽ㲻˵ǿ壬ֻʯ塢ˮͻĹƣҲûʱ뿪Ǻȥ˵ġ
һʱ֮ʯ彮ķ
ʱʯͱ׾žȻѾڿʼСģսˣ⵹ΪΡ
ΪԷѾսһţҪ׹ĻͲôˣҪȻ˵Լˣ߲ܹ˵ˣӦɱ
׹һãôȫͨɱǱ߶δףֵܵסĹơ
УÿһͷʯͶǳ޴ʯǰȫС㣬ʵλҪΪģԽʵԽǿ
֮ϴ̾ҵ
֣ʯ͸һǾͳˣҲû취ǹҪǽսģ˫Ѿˣ˴һˡ
ϴһ۵ӡ
û¡
ҡҡͷɫǺ֣أֵߵĸϽ£ҪȻĻⳡսû취ȥˡ
ϴٺһЦģһֱֵ𹥣̾ߵģڵءС֣ЩʯļһսҴһ
š
ͷ۾
Щʯףȷһڱ˿ʼ֮󣬾Ȼʯֱ˲ƵȺУʼԱģһӾͱ˺üͷؾǿߡ
Ϊ졣
ЩʯģȻǿҵĸģʲôʹǡ
ô˵ĳ˻ǺܿģҹӰʮҲѾΧ׼
ֱӿ
һԵķ󣬹Ӱǲ÷İʮˣȫñ˴ӷ뿪Ȼʯȫסڷ֮С
ʯ׷Ե󷢶ƣϧʯ׾УѰؾʿɰʮϴײó
ⷨ󣬿˸ݹӰԱԣרŴķЧȶԶһģɹӰԱóӵһ̶ȵ
ܿ죬׾ųԱȫз˳
ܹԼǧʯ壬׷׳󷢶˹ƣһӰ˵ҲЩֲסˣ֧ܿԮˡ
ʮһħ֮⣬Ȼ˷УֱӴ߶֮
֮Уʱٿʼʯж˿ֱӾ
ʯ׾ţһϮһţֻҪһȺʯ壬ȥܹһʱ䣬ڴǣܹþ֮һȺʯ壬Ȼʹ
׹һγ֣


1595 彮
Ըʯ壬׹ûôɴˡ
Ϊʯʵ̫ˣʯ׾ţڿռռݵ̫ˣ׹һֱչ֮ǰĳ̶ȣ޷ʯ׾ŸΧ
ֻһһ
ľ֮Ҫһȴʱ䣬޷ɶ֣ʴ¹г֮󣬾ûȴʱ䡣
һ㣬ڸտʼѾ֪ˣŻҪЩ׾š
ԭˮϵ̫йϵˮϵ̫֮󣬾֮߶ӵʱټЧͬʱҲȴʱ䡣
ʱû⣬֪֮ˮϵ̫֮֮򣬾һȷѡ
ҪȻĻҪþ֮㹻ǿڲʱ䣬һԶĹء
׹ٴγ֣յУһͷһͷʯؾǿ߸ɵȻɾ֮γȥΪ֮֮ͨ֡
͸֮ǰİһ
ۿȻǿƵЩʯ壬ոճ˳ȥı׾ÿһԱڸǲס𾪣û뵽Ȼǿƣ
֪ˣʯ幥ʱֱӾ˺ʱ
ĻͲ˵ˡ
ǿƵʯ׾ţ׾ŵˣ쳣ļϾǺӵʵ
ϴܹпóѪǺзչһȷһ
ڣǺѾ񾳽ǿߣڼһǿƵԿΧǺ֮ӶᵽԴǺӷչøѸ١
ȻǺҪ϶ǻ˺Զģ۷ս棬ȴѾﵽĽһ룬⻹ֻǷչһǺӡ
ٹһأʲôӣ
˵ǺӵУѾǿߣڽгͻľ磬ʴ¹дļƷ֮пǺж񾳽ǿڣ
һУϴڴ
ϴҲ߶δ۷ΪչȥǲǾζţҲпܻ̤뵽ľ磿
һжڳԤĺõķչ
ϴôʱ׹Ѿ𽥽еʯ׾Ŷɵˣ֮ڻ漸նʯؾǿ֮꣬մһ㶼ʣ¡
һʯ嶼ûܹӵõ
ܵʱ򣬾֮ʱټЧϣʮӰԱͬΪԽϡ
ʯ壬ȫȥ
ľ֮ٴνǧͷʯʬȫȥž֮Ĳ˷ܣ֮⼫Ϊĵڰܹͨɱʲôӣ
ܹоڵľ֮ͨѾﵽʼʱһңڽ׾֮󣬾֮ڷ
乹ʱټҲѾܹ߳ɵʱ٣
ʹţЧʽһõ
㶨ˣѰսƷܴߵĶȫߣ޷߶ս޷õĵҩҲȥ˺ΪõĻϣ
ϴۿųʯȫɵˣ´˴ɨս
ҲҪ˵ġ
۳ʲôǺӣܻŻȥǳһҲҪöԷ޻أǺӣӵʵġ
ڣԷ˵ǶǺӵʵһ֪Ǻ˵Ǿġ
ǴɨսɣȻȥˡ
ѺôˣԼǲҪЩ׾ųԱսߵҩ֮Դ˵ЩԴѾûʲôˣ˵ѾЩˡ
ʴ¹г֮󣬸Դ˵Ѿǳ㣬ҪģǰЩԴõ
»صԼСУʼĶ
ڣȻ˰ӰԴȪǿطȻɱѧɹˣҰ׹߼ԴƷܹˣһЩҪȴûյġ
ǾǻλӡǺͽ
ǿֶˣнӵһٱܶȵǿԸ񾳽ǿߣܹѹԷ
վҲҪġ
֮ǰҪһЩ׼
бȽҪģҪѼһЩͨƣⶫԴѧԺȥŪÿֻôһ㣬òܵĻҪõࡣ
ԣѧԺһˣҪͨƵԴʲôط
Σڻĸͨûб񻯣Ͼ֮ĻҲȽң֮ͨлһЩľ̫ͨøǿ
ȥҪøǿ޷Ǿǰ߶δףȻɱ
һ֣Ƕʱܹɵġ
֮£ȥѼһЩľ̫ǵڻ彮ڣٰӰ˵ǲĶٿʣµͨõ
İ˴ͨУҪӵöӰһöռ侫һöˮϵ̫һöϵ̫
ˮϵ̫ǿľ֮ӵʱټЧɵȴʱ䡣
ϵ̫ǿľ֮ͨӵǿƽʱЧҲһֶΣܶ񾳽ǿߣһǣá
Ǳռ侫ǿľܹ߽֮ͨκοռԵƵӵ㹻ʱ
öӰǷֱǿ˰Ӱ֮ۺͰӰ֮顣
Ӱ֮˰ӰܹģΪһЩȽصĴڣڸ״̬£ĳЩضٶȼӿ죬ģΪ壬Ȼ򺮱ĵٶȼӿ졣
ģһ־͹սĵٶȼӿ졣
ܣٶãֻʱģһ
Ӱɱھֶ֮ʱģΪ֮ģܹӿһЩٶȡ
ЧǲģӦɵٶȡ
ڰӰۣܹ֮̽Աֲ˵Ķʶ֪ܵƵ£ܹӵ̽Χ
ʣ»ӡϢ;֣ûľ̫ȥǿ
ǿ˵ɡ
ţǾ;ڲ֮ǰĽ
ڵֻҪǱΧҪȻвҲǰ彮ĵ


1596 ۷
Ȼǰ彮֮ǰҪ̤뵽߶δ۷УܹӵǿսԼѵ汣ϣҪȻĻһЩĻпܻ¡
ľ֮ѾʱټЧѾ˳һֱʱټڣֻҪһʱ䣬ܹմ֮ȥͻƵ߶δˡ
Ϊȥһ£൱ھѾ£ȫ㹻δ׵Ϊˡ
׾Խ󣬵ȻҪԽʱ̡
δסĶδ׵ʱһ¾ܹ̺ΪˣڣҪ²еģ֮ǰǿΪĻܵƣɲʲô⡣
ڣһµʱǵȵġ
պÿԿˮ塢ʯͻûʲôµжǸԵ׾ŶȫûһûܹӻȥʱǻȡʲôĴʩ
ͦڴǲģǲǿ߽棬ǿɵĻ֮򽫻ʲôı仯
֪ڴ
Ƕʯ塢ˮ塢˵Ҳǿ㶯õģ׾űȫҲûǲ񾳽ǿ
Էʲôж֪
ԣǺӴһҲã߾ͳһЩ飬Ͳ̫ˡ
صСУ˾ĵĿռ߶˾֮򣬽ڵʱټģ˾۵ģɱϣܹɱСɾ硣
⵱Ȼһ׵飬ҲûʲôҪˡ
Ҫġʲôģ׼ȵֱ֮ͨͨƾͺãûҪ˷̫ʱͷ
ǲ֪ͨƶ᲻
һͲˣϾƿ֮˻Ƕʱ䶯ù֮󣬾ҲûгԹˡ
۵ĺ֮ھĵĿռ䵱УΧŵѾɱΪ޾ƷսϦĸ˶Ѿ˲١
Ȫġġġģ˲Ѿ˸ԵʾģʼʾģܹȫĻ˵һּǿ
ҲܹʩչɱҲ˵ء
ϧǣԼ֮⣬˲֮ܵʱټЧ
ΪڵĻʱټҲܵӰ죬ѭʩչʽֶεȵȣȫܵӰ죬˵ǵٶȽ߳ɣ˵ǵٶȻһġ
Ҫס֮ʹЧϦ˷Ӱ죬Ҳûа취֮ͨȫܵĿơ
رʱټӰ죬֮⣬˶١
Ҳ͵˳Լ֮⣬ûκܹͨһʽ⵹ЩϧˣΪƣҪȻĻܹǺǿٶټǿ
ܹ֮Ӱʱ䣬ѾܲˣҲ˲֪㡣
ԼܹʱټУͬӰһӶٶ״̬ٶȴ
ټϣ仯Ϊ˾ۣôָйصֶλʱٶֻõһ
ɱǰľҲûܹȫ򣬵ȴ϶˴ɵģĵĲĿռ䣬ۿ϶ǽȥġ
ԣΪ۵ʱܹĳһ۵ĸٵĵõɱ
һµʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ȴѾʱ䣡
ʱ䣬вջģɱȻСɽ׶λкܳ룬Ҳ˺ܶ򣬷ӳɱٱ֮ǰҪǿɡ
ڵɱ׹ǼǿֶΣҪԸ񾳽ǿߣ׹Ƕ벻ģֻܹɱУ֮ӰӰԴȪطпܶԿ
׹ԸѰ廹УЧǺܺãܹ̤񾳽磬Ļ޶ȷӳ׹Ҳܹȡʤˡ
Ϊڹˣ߶δ˵ɡ
ʱ쾧һƷ֮Ʒ֮ﶼУͲȱٴ֮ģڸоԼΪȫ֮̾ͿʼЩ֮
Ŵ֮ӿȫѭС粻ųȥ
ȫ¶һ磬̤߶δ׵ĲΣ
ؾ۷壬һεĴˡ
һξģΪƿΪ߶δ۷Ϊʱ䣬֮ǰҪһЩе˳꣡
һ˵ʱ߶δ۷ΪʲôϾ߻߶δ۷屣ּ꣬һء
˵ʱеˡ
ϾûƿֻҪΪ硭⹮ΪȴǱҪģȻо̤񾳽磬ܶҲﲻѰߵʮ
֮ǰʱһġ
̫磬Ϊȹ̣ôȱһЩ߶δ񾳽磬Ҳһģ̺õĻôܶȽȱ١
̵ܹġ
ϾΪֹ֮⣬֪ʲô취ȥܶȣԣֻʮ֮һܶҲԸ
ڵǿߣѾӵһĵֿˣûҪ׷ôѸ١
Ҳʽ̤뵽߶δ۷ľ֮ʱǺ֮⣬ٴδϢ
һΣˮ塢ʯ塢ڶεжһûзֿǼһ𣬷ֱ׾ţܹŸ׾ţǿ죡
һΣһ֣ԸѶȣ֮ǰʮֹ
ؼģǾȻսЩˡ
ò˵̤񾳽֮ҪӭһսŮ֪ҿ˾۵ĺ֮ҲҪⳡսǶһʯ񣬱ٿأҲսˡ
һսϾҪǺ㾡ȫսκһ˿أ
ܰѶԷˣôĴڣҲ类ԷƣʱǺἫΪ⡣
ŶԷֻԳһ񣬺ݺݸԷһӭͷʹöԷ֪
ҪƬվȽŸͱҪöԷ֪Ǻӵʧصʵ
ȻҲʱ뿪ǺˣȻҪһսҺڴǣܹ֮ⳡսɶ飿
ǿܹŸ׾ţͷ
ڴѡ
ӾϲǣϮϢ֮ʱǺӵУҲڵһ񾳽ǿߣ


1597 Ϯ
һֱûȥʣһöƷ֮Ǹ˭ȥˡ
ˡ
Ŵ׾ŵʱǺӵһϼⱬ˸Ǻӵÿһռ䵱У˵ע
Ǻ֮Уλڳŵ˾סڵһƬսȺС
һƬȺУ֮ɫȾգ⻪׹֮Уһλⲽ˾û뵽ġ
Ҷ΢
ŮĶͷϣȻǾ˵̫ӡس֮ʱը죬һͷϷڱƮ׹磬񾳽Ĵڡ
Ȼ
û뵽ǽǼƷ֮Ҷ΢
Լʴ¹һĻǸԼҶ΢ˣôһ£Ҳ벻ҲҶ΢˵㲻һĸо
Ҷ΢ƿ̫֮ף̤񾳽һܶȾѾﵽѰߵʮ
׹⵱ⲽ߳һڵȻſۺһʯԶ˸֣΢̡
ҳɹˡ
Ҷ΢ˡ
ϲ
ϲã΢΢һЦӭǰȥ
պÿһӭء
Ů֪ƿصľ֮յУһƿ֮ƣ͸žϢЩ֪ҵÿ֮ҲѾ⿪˾֮֮еһЩ
ܹھԭĴ󲿷еبżӰϧǣ似ͨ棬û취ˡ
ڣ̸һ似ǾǾ⣬ѾѾ۷ΣҲǳԽѰߵˡ
ôϲ𣿡
ԣһЦҰѼƷ֮Ϊоܹ̤ˣֻΪһ·ˡ
־ϲ
Цҡҡͷ
ʼڻʴ¹мһĻǸԼҶ΢ˣЩᡣ
Ҷ΢ⲽǰöһƮڱɫһ˫鶯Ӷ磬ôˣֵң
ع˼ͷûʲôǳɡ
ʱŵһߡ
Ҷ΢δô˫ֻѹϵԺôǾ͵Ժ˵ˣڶĻһöûеˡ
Ҷ΢ое֣Ҳûзϡ
ʵԼû뵽Լô̤뵽ľ磬ؼʼ̿࣬һöƷ֮Ƕƶá
öƷ֮Ҫ̤ľ磬ٻüʱ䣬⻹һжõ¡
һ˵Ҳֻһʴ¹ҲǶʮ֮󣬲ܹﵽΪˡ
񣬼һԶһд׵Ĵڣڳˡ
ǣžŴ׾٣ǺӶԱ
塢塢Ѫ塢壬Ĵ׾żϦ衢濡ջīͶһҲЯŹŵս
һսǺӿʼչΪؼһսƼϾҪ֪ԵĿĴڣ
Щ꣬Ľ߽磬̫ܻˣֻʱ򣬲Ż֮Կ
ڣǺȴͷֽ
ΪǺ֮ǰȻǿƣȴûбֳεǿƣ壬δǺĶ֣ҪƾǺһ򾡡
ϧǣһΣҪ֪ڵǺԲܹģҪɵǺҲ˺ܴǿߡ
ҲͻöԷ¿ǽǺӵˡ
Ǻ֮мᣬȻͳһǺ֮׼ӭӾŸ׾š
İġ
һˣԿ֪Ҳһ˶Ըʯ񣻻ˮǿߣ½Ҷ΢ӶһʯֶԸ
ŵĻͲǺܴ󣬵ȻҪԷɵǺѵģҪǵȴĳˡ
ò˵֮ƵĴڣǺӵ۷ս൱һ
Ͼ֮ƵЧֵܶȣܶȡҲ˵ȫԽֵܶѰߵ屶Ҳһ롣
ȻʩչɱУܹѹԷֶˡ
Ȼһʼûа취æ
ΪԷǿߣԴ׾ţܹŸ׾ţҪȸ㶨ġ
ְ𣬾ȸɵŸ׾ţȻټ뵽սʱľ֮㹻ʬǣ϶øǿսУҲᷢӳá
ôɡ
һ£Ȼһ𣬶Ƭ磬˴ǺзԽ˳ȥƺƵӭ幥֮С
ǴŰʮӰǿߣһζˣҲϦĸһεսУҲǲɻȱһء
ޣֱӳŶԷڵĵط˲ƹȥ
Ӱ֮ĻֶΣ֮⣬ָܿһֱҲֻһα߿Ǿͷɫ
ͷɫѾɵˡ
ϴԽա
Ҷ΢֪ңҲŶһʯ񣬽棬ĸ׾ţЩ̫ˣⲻ
ⳡսУĴ׾žֻǣԵãҪͶ뵽սС
Ǻ֮Ĵ׾žͳΧɢ˿ȥǵҪ񣬾ҪΧ޵ЩҪܵʱһܲ
Ϊս϶ǳңҵЩ׾ŵļһǿκϣ
һ˱ܸɵһ׾š
ĳ֣׾᲻֮ģ
ңԶյУˮ塢ʯͻ巽󣬺ܿУҲУΪ߱ͷ񾳽ǿ塣
У޷۹۲쵽Ĵڣƾʶ֪ܹ׷ͷǿߵĴڡ
ʯ޴ǰУͬһСǳһѾ޴ɫʯɫʯֻҪһ£ܹһЩǳ׷Ƽǿ
ˮȫһɾˣһ̯ҺѸǰУˮ忴Ҫǿʢ࣬ɫ˹Խգһռ֮ƣ·Ҫռ䡣
׼սˣ΢ԼСģϾŸո̤ûϤʯ㶥һá
Ҷ΢һ
ϾǶһʯֻʯȻݻˣҲⲻ󣬹ؼҶ΢ǧܳʲô⡣
á
Ҷ΢ûԣ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ԼҲ֪ڵûȫգʴ¹нֻƷ֮ǿһͨѡ
Էп˺üͨǿߣ


1598 ֮ս
ȶ˻ͷ񾳽ǿߡ
ڻûԣǺӵ֮УǳǰͷģΪˣǰסͷ񣬷ǻֵĻܿܶɲСӰ졣
ǻֱӳ뵽Ǻӵ׾ŵУܹһڶʱڽ׾ų׸ɵ
ǣ
ڵֻǿܹԿѣ⻹ֻԼĲ²⣬λδ֪
Ϻڰۣ˲仯ΪһһӣһɲǼ䴩͸Ǻӣʶһһǻǿǰ棬һڰ
ڰӵеһͨʱ˿ʩչʱΧ֮֮УһħϵĿֲϢ
ľ壬ڰУ
һ̣һӰεľ籩ǺڰкȻһ쫷һǺڰƣϮֵ
籩һĽȸУܵ˼ѹ
̤񾳽֮󣬻Ǻٸǿ߶Կģ½ʱʴ¹жԿЩ½֮⣬ֻǸһʯˡ
ڣԵȴһѳɾ񾳽ǿ壡
ڰħЯżߵܶȣһԲȦԲȦгħ֮ħ֮ʾ໥ϴٽ֮ͬǰıһһȻܹبżĵ
ڰ׽ǿյз·ڰ֮ɫߵ
ħת
ʩչһͨһ̧֣ڰħ֮ߵǿգȻϮľ籩˽ȥȻͷųͷ񷴹ȥ
Ȼǰٷ֮ٷЧ
ǰһͨ˵ȫֻһߣڳΪ֮ͨ󣬷Чﵽ˰ٷ֮٣֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱ
ͷľ񹥻籩ǶԸʩչôǴ߶꾵ʮ˶ܵ귽ˡ
ħתȴȫ˻ȥ
ҲڽǻסˣţСȡһԴƷԴƷʴ¹г֮ġ
׹΢ֻ֮ǶԴƷ׹Ҫǿöࡣ
һѩɫĴɽӡǣΪɽ֮ӡ
ʱ˿̣߶֮ɽ֮ӡͷ·һѩɽЯ޾֮ͷֹȥѩռ䶼һƬѩ֮
еԴƷԴƷ
һĻΪĳҪܹ̤ľ磬ô߶׹ô
߼ԴƷǱȳԴƷҪʮǰɽ֮ӡѾƣ˵׹ˡ
סͷ֮ʯǰ
һͷžʯľɫʯͷˣͺһž޴ǳյţܱȵһЩСǳ
֮Ů֪ҲлĿ֮£ǳСʯ񼲳۶ȥڼ֮У֮ѸٱҲͬʯһ㣬ﵽɵĿ̶ֲȡ
۵֮Ͳ壬壡
壬Ƭ䣬Ѿʧˡ
ڶȻһͷ֣֮һεǿڣһʯ񷢳˾֮ŭ𣬱ɫʯһ̱Ȼž֮
壬ʯûʲôģ壬ʱ仹Ƚ϶̣ȻѾܹƬվȽŸںܶԶ壬ûʲô֮о
壬ȻʵǿȴӵųõʷԨԴ͵̣֮䣬ҲǴһЩԨԴġ
ʯ壬ھ֮ĳ֣ûʲô̫ӦֻǾһǰûˣһЩġ
ɫʯգעۿžҪӾ֮¡
Ҳʱ򣬾֮һһبżİӰĴȫХžĵڤ궼˾֮֮ϣһڤ껷֮
Ǿɫʯڤ֮ϣȻ޾ľ֮ڤסҲ޷
Ĺ򣬲ͨ似ֻبżİӰЧɼبżĵǼֲģϲĻӦܹھĵĲĿռУبżİӰġ
بż֮⣬ѾǿĴˡ
ڣ֪ٿصľۣƿصبżģܶȾȻԽѰﵽѰһ࣡
ҲΪʲôڵ֪ûжͨ似ҲܹʱѹסԷԭˡ
һ̣Ǿʯͬ·һ㣬ȫɢһ⣬ҫա
еľɫʯҲɢһɫʯǿߵһͨһƬ⸲ȫ֮ʯøǿӲܶ˲ĳɣ
ȻȻȲϾ֮ĳ̶ȣȴѾС˫֮Ĳࡣ
ţʯǿֱӾʹ߶һ޾似ҾȻ޾Ʒ似޽֮աս嶼ҪǿһЩ
޾Ʒ似似ˣʯ˵ҲǺǿһֶˡ
ֶʩչʯȫʢһɫǳ˲䱬ѣѿɫʯ˷Ϯ˾֮
Ů֪һԾʱһبżİӰϮһӰ籩ӴһӰ籩κδڣգȻиһһƬΡ
ʯͷųɫʯҲˣиһѵɫʯ飬ʧȥ
بżİӰģϾԭǿܶȣŮ֪ܹǿʯǿ໥Կʱڲ·硣
ˮǿ߱㲨ӿ·һƬеĻɫˣ
Ҷ΢Яһʯ¸ҵӭȥ
һʯˮǿߣûʲôʯгأ㱻ˮһȥ
ˮ񱾾һ̯ˣҺ̬ʱ˿̸ǽһʯԸܵڴżǿĸʴ֮öһʯѸٸʴ
ʯɲôҪȻҲҪ֮ǰŮ֪Ҳл껨ôȥѹˡ
ƺǲߵǱڸսһ̧֣ħ֮˲䱬ʯе
һ̣ʯвһħ֮ȻһԶʯĶһ֮һ쫷磬ˮҺ̬
һʯƳһ̣ɳ죬յй֣գĩս٣


1599 ɱ֮
һʯˮǿ߶ԿʱҶ΢Ҳһ׼š
ͷϵ̫ӡʱ˿̣ʾֲ̤̫֮ӡʮټܶȵǿȻѰҪǿܶࡣ
̫ӡףգͷˮϮȥʱˮһӾͱ֣һʯĹɳʱûȥᣬѡȴһֲס
ˮǿߣֱ۳˺üˮЩˮ֮һ޴ˮӰ۶ˮͨ
Ӱͨ۵ı־
ʱУܹ񾳽ĴڸʩչֶΣ־޴Ӱյֳƺΰ˼޷ﷶΧ֮ڡ
ǾŸ׾ţʱ˿ȫҵƬս򣬷׷Զͣ
ϳˡ
΢̣СеһȻֱӳԷҲߵһˮ׾ڴֱӷ˹ȥ
ûлޣΪĴڣ޹ȥԷҲ϶ܹģûбҪ˷κһ˿һ
ֱ˵ķɹȥûκ˸š
ĸ壬ʱ˿Ҳֻܹѡƹļս򣬲ֱӴ봩ȥ⵨Ҳ̫˵㣡
Ҷ΢֪ҶΣȻǰͷ赲סˣԷͲܷĳԸ
ԷҪ֣Ҳܹ̻ڱ֤ȫ£Էܶһ룬ĻǾ͸û취ǶԿˡ
Ȼ֮ƵܶһЧȫֻܹһСʱ䣬ҲܹʱڣöԷ뵽ơ
ȻͷôһСӵġ
ϾϿǸ߶δ׵ļһɲʲôвǴսΣ
ѵ壬Ҫһ˶ԿǾŸ׾Ųɣ
һȣŶԷ׾ŷɹȥ
ĸ׾ŴԱƹȥҪһʱ䣬ϾյУ׾űϾǴ󲿶ӣнٶȲô졣
Է׾ǰʱЩ׾ȴδʲôӡ
ֱӷȥˮ׾ŷǸ׾ŵУֻǲ߶δ׵ĸų֮ĴڣҪƾƣһɵ
΢΢һ̣ǸûаѶԷһ
ȻԷͷ߶δ׳֣ôȰһɵ˵ڼ䣬СеĹӰʮ˷˳
ʮˣһֱ̱뵽յУ伣ˮ׾ǰʧ٣
ʱͲЩȥ״ˡ
ոֻһŷɹȥĻЩǿ϶ܹһλá
ڹӰܹʮˣܸܵǵĴڣҲܰǰʮ˵λһһ˵߸ˮ׾ŵгԱ֪
ˣˮ׾ţֻ֪нһٸǿߣɢȴ֪ȥĶΪ˷ֹ͵Ϯˮǿ߷׷׷ַһľϡ
ⷴЦˡ
ΪЩˮĸ֪ӰҪܵġ
۷ϣûκô
ΪЩϣȫֵס׹ɱ
һ̧̣ɱֱӳ֣ѧɹ֮ʩչٶȱ÷ǳ죬Ȫޡ˲ڳн֯ɣһɱ¾
ɱ
ɱ
ͳһͷԼ߶δˮǿߣͱɱС
ͷ߶δ׵ˮ壬Ǳ֮ǰѲСҪǿһЩֶͨһȻڱȵʱǿ˸࣬ڴδ߶δ׵ء
ԣɱ֮Ϣȫ˲佫ͷ߶δ׵ˮû
һʢ磡
ûκεֻһ̧֣ɱ̶ʱ֮ڣͷ߶δ׵ˮѾ׸ɵľ֮޷ˡ
ɱ£ͷ߶δ׵ˮһ˿ֿûУͳױɱǾϵɱɢû°
ûκεͣͣڷɱͬʱûȥͷ߶δ׵ˮˣֱӴ߶׹
ԷܹоŸ׾ţץʱ佫ȫɱĻԿķܻһЩ⡣
˵ҪŸ׾Ŷʲô򵥵顣
һ˵ԷһһŹĻֱԷŸ׾һйĻȴҲܲסġ
׹ôҲֻڶʱڸɵһ׾ţڶĻͻвˡ
һ̣Щ׾ûκεķ
׹ֵʱȻͬȼڻĳ˲۳ϵˮ׾ϷͬʱҲ߶
һ͸ĹɭȻ֮󣬽ˮ׾Χ׹ȴ״УڶԷεŰ
֮ǰΪ˷ֹӰķϣ׹ǰһ㷴֮ûУֱӾͱȫݻ٣
ˮһ׾ţֻɲ֮䣬ʧ˳һǧԱٶȼ죬׹Ŀֲһֵס
һ׹ֻһ˦ܹüʮͷˮؾʿɵ侫ֱӱݻ٣ķմ
ĳǺӵ˵ǼϤһĻˣֻû뵽滹óҲ̫ˡ
ʵҲǣͷ񵱸ܵ׹ʱȫĵײ֮顣
Ǹ߼ԴƷ
ڳֵͷ񣬶ǸбȽģҪ˵߼ԴƷˣһѰԴƷûУէȻ˿ֲĴɱһӾĶˡ
رǣڳ߼ԴƷģֻһ߶δף񶼻ǣҪĻɵ飿
ϧǣͷжͱԵĶסҸǺݺݵһ£
ʯǿߣеľɫʯɳȥȻ޾بżĸסյУȻ似߶
بżİӰϾ֮ıѰߵܶȣټ۷徳似⣬һʩչǷĵʯǿ˲ɵˡ
Ҫзȫ˰


1600 ÷
һɫبżĹ⻪նȻǾʯǿߵı󣬽һ
ɫʯмɢİ޵յУǾʯǿߵϢһӾͼһأϾǿߣܾɵ
һºݵģʶڸûƲͷ״ֵľ֮ȥСеԴƷġ
ȻˣȰͷ״ɵ˵ɣ
ʯǿȻˣоɫʯҲЩӰ첻
ʯǿߣ˲䱬һب⣬һ⣬һֱѾ֮ĹƸ俪ˣȻ󸲸ʯ֮ϣոܵѸٻָ
ͬʱʯһ˲˾֮ԣһɫƥݺȻֱ˾֮֮ϣأ
ҿ֮بżĹĸ֣ڵֵסǵɫĹƵͬʱ֮Ѹٻָ
ͬʱ֮˸һ̱㵽ԱߣǾ͵ʯ˾롣
ʯ񱬷ˣɫâȫ±һƬ޿ռжɱ⣬Ӱ쵽˸֮ս
ЩɫâǶž֮ǶҶ΢Ů˲СӰ졣
ڣʱǺܴ
ֻžʯıͷƺҲʼ
ҲͷʯһҪֱȥе׹ȴҶ΢Ů׷סҸǲĴǱ㷢˷һŮơ
һʯȫֻܹǣˣΪˮʯֻ˿Ƶġ
ֻҪͷɵǾܹʼǼ߼ԴƷˣ
һõǼԴƷǵʵõʲô
ֱ
ҲеĵλõܴԴƷеõʲôĻպпܳΪǿҲδ֪
ջʵ̫ˡ
֮ҪͲôˣԴƷһѸķӡ
Ǹ߼ԴƷĻȫܹǵʵüΣҪּ֪ԴƷû˵ӵˡ
ǽ塢е򳬼壬ûжεԴƷ
˵õ߼ԴƷˮ廹ʯ壬ǱȽԴƷĻ壬ܹʵһ̨ס
ˮʯ壬ܹԴƷǿӶ¸Ľ򣬵õԴֻҪʮʱ䣬ʵǳࡣ
ڻ壬ҲԴƷȥһһЩԴϾ׹߼ԴƷ岢̫׵Ķá
Ҫ֪ǿǴľ塭
Ƕ˵ͷȫ˵ǾˣΪκһõԴƷз츲صı仯
ʱǻһģϾҪȰǸɵǲпȥ׹⡣
ԣʱͷǳĽˡ
ɱɱɱ
ͬ׹ȥ֮ɫȼŷپһ棬ˮ׾дԽ̶ʱڣѾɱгǧͷؾˮ塣
ͬʱ߶ħ֮طħһһħֱӳӳ֮ȥ
Ͼܹа˸׾ţƿطΧڣˮ׾ž뻹Ǻܽģ߶׹ͬʱ̾˶Ϯ
֮ӳȥ˲ǱһƬеʱ߳ɣһʱ֮䣬׾ŵ޷Լ
ȻҲǳ֮ơ
ʱ򣬱ĸ׾ڵˡ
÷ͣҸ㵲ȥ
һЦ֮УѪ˲Ѫ׾ԽԣȻֱӳЩ׾ŷ˹ȥ
ڲ֮ǰѪҲѾĿ֮սľơ
˵֪ҺҶ΢ǿԷǿһЩϾ̤ܳʱǿˣǼ½񣬾ӵƵġ
һֱȥĻܿ
ڣˮ塢ʯͻͷǿߣѾƴҪԶָɵΪ˭ȸɵ֣˭ܹɱǸ߼ԴƷ֡
ˮ嶼÷ԸֻϧǱҶ΢ŬסˣϳлɳһʯҲܹˮһЩɧš
ҪȻĻˮѾˡ
ѪЦһѪؾǿߺبЯһֱǰѪƣֱӽһˮ뵽˸ľ֮Ӱ췶ΧС
ʱЧ£ټѪ׾ŵǣƣǸ׾ŵûô׿ˡ
ѪĸʵҲǼǿģȻһҲ߶δ۷壬δ̤񣬵Щˮ߶δףȻ˿ûƣܹһжڶʱڽԷɵ
Ѫʱ䣬Ҳûаװ׶ɹһЩ󣬰һƷͶƷֶΣʾĺ̫أ߶δΣǴ۷ˡ
״̬Ѫ䣬ȫǰʴ¹вˣֻϧʱİٸѪ䲢ûеõ룬Ҳûа취
һߣ׺Ѿδ׵磬ҲŰ׾ŴԽѸٿһˮ׾Աߡ
ּͣ
羭ʱҲˬʵĺһ巢չһжΪģûĻɢܿܶûŵĵط
ǡҲ͡
˵ͷܵΧԼеѪԲܹǡ
ʣ׾žֱʯ׾عȥڻ׾ţûܹסˣܿʹϷڵλã
ڣʱѾ׹ѵһˮ׾òˡ
һɣ壬û壬պܹ׹һ򾡣
д侲ûнϹӰǰʮˣ׾ŵİΧȦڳ˽ȥ
һĻóԼ˷׷״󾪣ôд
ǿǻ尡ǼΪֵǿ壬׾оĻпܱһ߰
ô˶ԷİΧȦڣ
ⲻ֪ڻĶˣΪѾﵽ߶δ׵۷壬Ͼ֮۷壬ԼԺеľ֮֮ӡ
һмһ޾κµľ񹥻ֶΡ
ٶ࣬ҲУ


1601 Ա
֮ɫԴ渡֡
ǰǿһļžǺӣһƬڰУȴ׾ţȻǵ壬ȴܹܵǿҵľ񲨶
׾ţѾΧס
˷˶ԷİΧȦУЩ׷׷׸оЩ֣СӣѵǹĲɣ
ȴû̫˼ʱˡ
ΪٲֵĻ׹߼ԴƷҪ䵽ˣ˿ỳɣԴƷܲɱǡǿսոˮ׾ŵƣͲؾĴֵܹ˵ġ
ˣͷףؾǴ׵ǿڣʱ˿̣׷׾ͳ˹ƣ޾ľյлȻγǿľ籩
Щ籩֮УҲŲ֣ͬͬԵľ޷ںһԴССĳǵصϯΧĿռȫ֡

Χ˸ܵһĻʱ򣬶Ǿ֡
Щˣֶ֪ΣԶֽΪǳĲ⣬ܿ죬ȫ𾪵ͳˡ
ǲɫۣȻγһӣɫӳ֮ľ籩ϯ֮󣬾Ȼʮ˻ȥХ׾ŵС
ǿ
˶ˡ
ĸ׾ţʱ˿˸ԵĶ֣ʣµʯ塢ˮ׾ţޱȾ̽߷Ǹǿޱȵ壬Ȼһ֮ڵֵ׾ŵͬʱ
Ҹ𾪵ǣƺֵסˡ
ͷ񣬴ʱ˿̶ԼһĻһǻڳУҲһܹõɣ壬ôһ£
չֳ˸߼ԴƷȻһ˶Ե׾ŵĿֲ֮£ѵطǿߵأ
ңǰ񣬴ǰҲûм
ˮ塢ʯ彮ñȽԶıȽ٣岻һ巽ǾڽսģмＸĲˡ
ôͻȻðôǿĴڣ
⼸սҲԲѵ½񲻳ɣ
ʴ¹ոսҪ˵һЩ½Ҳĺܣ½ڲҲӦ佮֮ѵ
ô彮ôңԶĵط
ǿǿߴ߶ʱпǿԽôңԶľ룬ʲôأ
ı֣óͷ뵽˸Ķȫֳ˺ǿľ
Ļھͻתܣʣµ׾壬ͷ϶ܹܵĵģϾĶѾǱ룬ܿܶ嶼ɼв
Ȼڸ߼ԴƷĿðŷ
ǲ
ܹһΣ
ͷܹͬĴڣֻҪǽԵָɵܹ׾ٵĵõǼ߼ԴƷ׹
·ܺߣ߼ԴƷߡ
ȴ֪Ǿ߼ԴƷʵǺңԶġ
У߶˾꾵һ󲿷ֵľ籩ȥ˲ɨ˸һƬĻףܿ쾻꾵ʧȥҵľ籩
ʵ򣡡
߶׹ʼڳŰɱһƷڻ£ȫΪ޵Ĵڡ
Щ籩ʱҲ޷˺
ʵһƷ󣬲޵УΪ׾ŵУȻһЩ嶮֮ⷽȻ߶ľ֮ʵ߽
׹˲䱩ŭһȺһȺɵ
׾ҳһţ϶ڶ׹ĺɨѾҪԸˣϾڸոһ꾵֮󣬳гһĻ׶Ѿɵˡ
ʣµЩҲ˵ӣûκεԿ
׾ſʼɢҿȥ
Ȼѣ֮ǰĹӰʮԱҲѾ˹󶼴߶ס˸һƬǿ
֮ǰӳȥĻףɵɺ˾ԪףϦ衢濡һջī˸д˴յУһ׷ӵԶĻס
ҪĽǣһ©
һߣĴҲѾʣµ׾ŶˣǶֻӶԷжھ֮£ҪԷӲƴȥ
ȻԷһһƽûȵʣµ׾ſѾѳгųɵĻ׶ɵˡ
ʵ򱻴ݻ٣лһֶΣ
޵ʱ򣬲Զʯ񣬷Ŀڴ˦һɫâһֱӽ޿ռð飬Ӷλá
ϧǣⲢ̫ʱ䡣
ɫâ˸κξϣ⾻֮ɫâֵס޷͸˺ľꡣ
֮ķȻԽЩܹƵĳ̶ȡ
ʱ䣬׾żһֻʣһǧͷײʣµЩȽϷɢȥˣϦǾȫ㹻ˡ
޹ŵڳ˲ʾӳѸ
޹ŵУͷų֮âÿһڵĹâܹһͷ׼ܵĻ峹׸ɵ
ɱھ߱ǿɱԸֱ׾١
ǼɨսûҪߵĲսˡ
ٶȣѪڵѪ׾ŷ˹ȥ˸֮£㵽Ѫ׾ŵǰֱŵڶˮ׾ţ׹ֱӾͻ
ҪٶȣЩ׾ȫɾ
ûκεͣ٣׹֮ڻ˲ձգյУϢһˮ׵ľ걻״ݻ٣Ȼľ֮ɵ
ƬڣѾ˲پ֮ڣڵʱǱġ
˵ͺЩĶ߳һûǸʵ߷ٶȱü졣
۳ôħĵĵҩЩҩǻָЧÿһŵҩҩԶͬͬһģרƳΪμս׼ġ
ҩȥǿάסġ
ˮ׾ĲʱڼֲסˣȻһֱѡԱҪӶ̷֮ǰ̷ĵҩ
һĻȴʣЩȫһ㶡
һʲôͻȻԱˣ


1602 
ͻȻԱΧЩ嶼ͷԡ
ڶǺȺڣһĿɿڴˣڸʲôأôúúõͻȻԱˣ
ûǶعѸ˳
ħ֮طѾ۷壬ҹпӡ˲ٹ֮ƣħ֮ĵЧ屶ϣԱ֮ҪֻҪʱ㹻ˡ
ֻҪħ֮Ĳ㲻࣡
ǿô˵ˣͬȻ侫Ѿڵ걻ʹӡ˾УȴͻƷӡˡ
ħ֮ĵǿ֮
ϾǾõط
֮ϣս˵û̫ѶȣϾѪĴ׾ŵĸǣסֵ£Ҫɵʣµ׾ȫֻʱˡ
֮ǰ
ʱ˿̣֮սѾʼƫ巽ͷͨʩչܶôҲѰ˵ʮʮҶ΢½ʮܶȣҪ˲١
Ǹʩչȫ֮Ҷ΢֪ҶЩֵס
ӿٶˣ
׹ֻõΧ˵ֶΣֶΣΧĶ֣Ȼû׹ôǿܹɵ׵ġ
ͨϢ
һͷ޴ľ֮ӰиֳȻһֲľϢȻ˲䴩͸˸ϰգ·ϳһͷˮ׷׷ɱ
ͨ
ûгΪ£ҲΨܹʩչóⶼʴ¹õĽЩֵܵס
ﵽ߶δ۷ʱ򣬾ζϣ֮⣬ûκĶ֣
֮ƲЧĶֵܶȷ׷һ룬Ϊ˱޻Ҫ޻Ĵڣ׾ٵĴ͸ɵմ
ϧھϢĹ£Щɱȫˣ֮Ҳ޷ɵʲô
Ҳûа취飬ںܿͿ񾳽塭
ţϢӡ;֮ͨԲϵĴ߶Ҫ˵ɱģǾϢͨˣǻӡǾ֣֮ȻܹɵһЩףȴ࣬ûʲôЧʡ
ΨоϢͨȫǹ͵ģЧʡ
֣ͨ׹߼ԴƷɵ׵ٶ֮һѾǷǳõĽˣ⿿׹ĻٶȺܿ죬оǲ
ٶȣ
׾ȫˡ
ǻûбԵ׾ţʱ˿̶ӣ׷׳ԶӶݳȥ
Щ壬Ĵ׾ŵǰأʵסģдϦĸ׷մԽ׷֮£ûκʹƬյߡ
ӰǿҲ׷˸ռ䵱УרŶЩߵ֡
ҪǣͷԸšһȺˣֲЩ׾Ҫܵ·棬۶ԷʲôطܣɢɢĴվᱻɾһʣ
׾ţѾױ
ˮ׾֮󣬱ûʣµʯ׾ˣʯ׾Ŷ˵ӣɾ
Ĵ׾Ҳʱˣǳٺò
ܵĶֶӮĻôҲ̫Щ
ţתǿ߼սķǰ
һĻóһ
СӣǾöԸ׾ѾˣҪȥ
Ҫǻ߶δ׵Ĵڣֻǿ֮սս¶ᱻ˲䲨ȴ˿£
ǿ
ҪܹΪǽʲôĳǿߡ
ǺӵĽ򣬿ǸһЩˣ֮ǰȡԴ඼Ҫˡ
Ҳأ˵ҲŬأɲȫ桭
Ĵ޵׾УĶԻϳ֡
ԭЩ˸оˬúõսŲƫԶСطʲô
ڣǺӵǵļ԰Ƿչĸݵأ
ָо֮ǰսŵʱȫͬ
ʱȺһҪŸٻ뵽֮ĶΪսżǣȻǼ̵ϣͻơ
ڲһˡ
Ǻӣڵļ԰԰
Բκ̤㣡
ڣԼԼļ԰Բսһ˺սľпܱдУ޲ߺͼȥսŹκһͷ塣
ǼȻսɹȥʱ򣬸ޱȡ
Ȼ߶δ׵ʱ򣬾͸ǿȥսնɱͷһͷ񣬿ɲǼٻء
ʱֻ΢ǣá
ڣһ֣춨ʤ֣
֮򣬳ͷڶһ㣬ΧĹʱռȫɽȥ̤ǰУ֮ʱٵӰ죬ҲֱӸͷˮϡ

ˮŭ쳣
û뵽ûȥ鷳أСӾȻˣֱ̫˰ɣ
ĿһӾͶ׼ϵ׹
ʱ˿̣׹һڻ渲ǵľߣȫ£˿ͬеʹߡ
У֮ƵЧȻ
֮Чǵˮ壬ʱܶȼ½ԭʮܶȣȴֻʣܶȣȻû̫⣬ؼǣԱ߻Ҷ΢ͶһʯڶԸ
һ̣Ҷ΢֪õʱˮһʱѾõɱҲʩչ
ѹ
ͷϵ̫ӡ˲䱬ֲ̫֮׵ڽϵ̫֮Ҫһѹ̫ӡѵ˵ʮռѼ
ȻһʵϲرǿƣڵҶ΢˵ѾǿֶΡ
ԸܶȱһˮЧԣ״̫ӡкȻ޷壬˷žˮ񳹵ѹС
ء
һʹĲҺˮϱѹʹ࣬ʹȫ¶ܵˣɫ״ˮ֮һӾС˲٣ʴ
űǻɳ죬һʯԶĲٿ£ͬǿ֮ʵһ̣ɳ籩۳һɳ⣬һն˱ѹˮϡ
ˮֱӱնΣ
ҡɣ
һ̧֣֮Ŀֲˮϣ֮Уóгڴ


1603 Ч
֮֮УųһڲƹѸٽˮ񶼰С
ԭնεˮ񣬻ҪŽָ֮ųڲƹȴˮ׷ָԼֲɡ
һʵԻɱ񣬲һγ񾳽ǿڡ
Ը֮ܵвϴͷˮڵĸ֯ڣ׷ױ֮ɽȥ
Ȼˮǿ߻ڲȴ赲סɵĹ̡
Ҷ΢״̱һԣȥͷˮ񣬶ȥæԿͷ˷һʯǿߡ
ڶһʯҲƿ֮£뿪ƬǰԣȥæֵͷȫĻǿߡ
һʯûоĴڣԻ䷢ĹһöûС
ۻʲôĹƣᱻһʯɵֵסȻԷ
Զһ£Ϸ磬֪ҺҶ΢֣Ҳѹסͷʯǿߡ
ߣܹĸ֮ܵͨУԽԽǿͷˮش£޷ֵ֮ɡ
Źһʱ䣬ˮǿߣڱ֮򳹵ɴˣһǺӵˮȫûһֱ׾ţˮûκһܹ
ľ֮ˮ֮󣬴ﵽʷǿĳ̶ȣӰ췶Χڣʱټﵽ˰˳ɻ࣬Ҳ˵ܹ屶ʱټЧ
ʱ򣬱һ죬൱ܹʱ䡣
һ꣬൱꣡
Чֱ޵УϧֶֻһãҪȻĻǺӶ뵽ʱټУǺӵеΪжôѸ٣
ͷʯ񡭡
̲סȥţţͷʯ͵ùˡ
ͷʯͬʱ֪ҺҶ΢Щƣֱһܶȣȫûκεֿ
֪˲䱬بżģҶ΢һζѹվѼͷʯƬž֮ڲƹֶڰĻĩһ㣬Ǿ޴ʯʬ嶼ڣʼ
̣
һ֮ٴγɳͷʯǿߣ޷ֵУΪ˾֮֡
ʣһͷ񣬾Ͳö˵ˡ
ϧͷû޷֮ɵһԸҲǺܿͽ䳹׸ɵˣ侫걻ȫûκδڹĺۼ
һսǺӴȫʤսȫõ˲ջ
ϾܹоŸ׾ţ㱻ɵһ룬ʣµҲСԴٶǴ֮ѳ٣һпܳľȵȡ
֮ܶЩͶڳսˣҪЩ
ЩԴȫǺӵչǿõ;ˡ
Ҷ΢ǣһγսûеõʲôõĶϾͷ񶼱ľ֮ɣͬС綼һɳΪ˾֣֮ʲôûʣ¡
ֻлСԽһ
ȻϾС磬п϶Ųٺöģľ̫ܹö˵õһЩľ̫ʵ̫ˡ
ÿһöľֵǺܿɹ۵ġ
ⲿ֣ͬȥˣøҶ΢ˡ
ž֮֮ı仯ʣ֮ףͷ񣬼Ƿ˷츲صı仯
ڵľ֮򣬿Դһʱ򣬶˵Ҫʱ仨Ѹˡ
ʱʱ֮̿̾ԵĻٹһʱ䣬ܹԳһľˡ
һµʱ䣬ǰ彮жɹһ߻ܹõһЩӰʲôģ˵ͦõģҪǣҪþ֮ɸࡣ
Ǳ׹ɵĻ壬֮ûʲô̵ģʽɵĻ壬ֻǰѾݻٶδĻǿɵһЩġ
ڸոǳսУʱڽȣֻܷЩ壬Щ׷ɾ˵
Խ彮Ļòôżȫþ֮һЩǿĻ壬ЧӦҲǲġ
һжҪСĲУһĻȽ⣬Ͼ͵ıֶΣ񾳽ǿǰЧġ
Ȼʽ֮ǰҪȴһЩ顣
սˡ
ˮ塢ʯͻһ֪ʲôʱ򣬵ڼ䣬ǺӽõһȽϴȵķչϾһսкܶ˶õ˲ٺö
ˣǻȥ˿칦磬ȻףһҶ΢ܹ̤뵽ľ磬ΪǺ嵱е۷ڡ
ҵû뵽ǰöƷ֮Ҷ΢
Ц˵
츳ȷʶ˵õġ
һЦ
Ҷ΢һԶƣұһܿҪ׷ˣʱҿ²Ķ֡
Լˣ̸ʲôֲֵġ
ЦҡͷƱһ¡
ͬʱ뵽˺ݺ¸裬ŮһռƷ֮ӦҲҪͻƵ˰ɣ
Ȼݺ¸Ҷ΢һǱҶ΢ҪҶ΢һֱǱŮҪȵ߶δ׵ľ磬һʱ俪ʼΪ
Ļݺ¸ҲӦÿˡ
ûдǳأǴ뿪ȥ彮һȦ˵
֮ǰҪΪǺıȡһЩ
صԼСУ˹Ƭ򣬰޷˳
ڵҲѾˣѾҪ̤ľ磬ʴ¹У似ѾõˣеЩ޾似˵Ѿû̫ô
ͨУⷬĮĴ޷
壬ûʲô֮ģȻԷѾٺôڶԷѾûʲôôˣȻðǼš
޷ϢȻǼֻţδʧ룬Ǻܿ뵽˽취
ҹ֮УһЧ֮ҵĶЧңɷӵ֮Ȩ
޷Լ˼УȻСת
Ŷ
ԣеȤġ
Ȼ޷һ£ԭνЧңܹ֪ЩԺеһ뷨УȻҲʣûн޾似λã
򵥵˵ҪĶЧҵĻô൱ƿ˹һС


1604 
ĻǻͦȤġ
ܹʮ壬ðʮȫƿԼȻ˵ĻЩֱΪ˵Ӻˡ
Ч֮Щȫ൱ӵˡ
޷ȶЧңĹ壬ҵѡԸЧҵģԼΪµȥԸЧҵģֻܴյгˡ
޷˵
޷ֻ
ȫʼɢһɭȻ֮ϢȻɭȻϢӹ
о֮ĴڣЩϢǶкĻ˺Ͼǹ޷Ҳǵ۾ľ磬ؾûдﵽġ
ܴ󷽵öԷģʲôĻ̰ЩȫˣҲûʲô̫ʧ
ܿ죬޷ϵɭȻϢȫ£Ȼ͸оһȫԼһͨӡĸܵ޷κ뷨ܹھȵļ䡣
յЩ޾似Ķָƣ
ЧˣȻˣҪǶɵˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
ʮ壬ȫָǺӵ˵Ļÿ˶кüأϾֻ׼Щսӷ䣬ڰƽͲҪˡ
ЩΪߣ㹻ԴĻܹģڵֻҪ㹻ԴܹǺеսʿÿʵһأ
ϾֻҪѹؾӵвսˣοӻ԰æܶ飬ǽʡʱ䣬硣
飬ôǺܻģҪȫȷЧң˵ûκλģҪȻĻ֮岻ûзӦ
ЧҵӦԶʱڵĹƽսʿǣԹ塢Чҵַȴûа취ֻЧˣҪȻһ֣ʮ˽ûһܹȥ
Щ඼ֻͨؾĲΣֻҪ㹻ԴǳΪؾؾĴڣҲ̫¡
Ȼ޷Ч֪֮˹ǰ޾似ʲôطˣԭǵ֮С
һȽĹȺ壬ǸȺսǿȴ޾似ȫԼڣҪȺĻ϶ǲע⵽Щ۵ļһǣ½Щһݻٵ
ڣȴ޷ȥЩ似ȫȡ
ò˵ûģ˺ܳһʱĿս޽֮գǴϵģֵõ˸似
У޾ƷͼƷ似ڣ
޾Ʒ޾Ʒ似ϾͿ˵似ˣ֮ǰĲ²ûдЩ似Уһ޾Ʒ似޾Ʒ似Ĳ似ܵٸһεġ
似޾ƷͼƷ似
߿ô˵޾Ʒ似似⣬ЧѶȣرĸߡ
޾Ʒ似似嵱оȻһ似˴ʴ¹еõĶɼշЩΪ
֮⣬嵱лղʮ޾Ʒ似͸ս޽֮һĴڡ
Щ似ȫǺУ似Ҳ似Ҳ干õ似򵥵˵ȥǺӵսʿǶ޾Ʒ似Ļᡣ
в޾Ʒ似ȻرǿѰ˵Ҳǲɶõ似ˡ
ģƾЩ޾似򣬼ЩӣǺӵʵºܷһ
ѾһֲٶˣŵѰǱߣֻһ׾ҪһսҲҪĳпܡ
ȻͰѿԵõӵϢǺӷ˳ȥÿǺӵսʿǷ׷ϲ
ӰֶǼϡأ彮Ǳߣǧȥû飬Ȼܵõôӣʵ̫˲ˣ
Ȼ˵ģǾ͸ỳɻ᲻Σʲôġ

֮ǰǳսֳľսʼǺеĵλѸٰθߣ˱ȼߵĵزΪǺĿս
δ̤񾳽磬츳ֻ̤ǳ顣
̤ĻܹƥĴڿ϶ûжˣҪ֪ڵ߶δ׾ܸ棬ǺεȿֲֶΣ
ǰ£˷׷ױʾԸЩӡ
ʮȫСз˳ǺӵжվãЩҲˣѣ£໥йϵĹ壬;ǴһȻԱͬһǺӵսʿѡС
ЩӣΪսȥȻҲֻӶ˻ˣȥǵս
ôЩӵĴڣ϶ܹǺʵǿ
οǺӵĲУϰö޾似ö޾Ʒһö޾Ʒ似ǱԼ
似ʱҲܸѰȥˣǺҪ´󹦵Ļɲ似ڳȥ
Լ߹ɱͿˣУҲԿһ޾Ʒ似ûյˡ
ʱ䣬ڰʮȫ˳ȥϣÿһǺӵսʿõ߸ӣϲصȥˡ
ڹ֮󣬹ӱɽҪˡ
㶨֮Ŵһ޷ֱ뿪ǺӵķΧŻ彮ķϹȥ
׼ǰ彮򣿡
޷ۿĶʱЩȡ
ͲùˣСΪɣ٣ȴﵽؾУҪȻĻҪҲûʲôá
˵ţ޷ṩ˺вٴ֮ЩΪġ
޷츳ǳߡ
Ϊʣ޼쵼ˣһǹѪͳһ㹻ԴܹѸٵ磬ҲҪ̫õΪΪѸ٣
Ȼؾ֮ٶԴٶȶ̫죬ؾ֮顣
ֽ׶Σ޷ȴﵽؾУĿ꣬޷Ѿ̫Զˡ


1605 
ڸУһͳ
Ƿǽ˵֮䣬ֻҪǽ뵽ĽУǼƣܵġҲӲ˵֮Ĺϵõʲô̶ȡ
ϣȫԳͬһˣֻǱŸԵĻʷѣҵҩ似Ҳûа취ͳһ
ʱ˿̣ͳŻ彮һԵѸٷȥ
вϴ߶մԽÿһ˲ƣܰľ룬ֻյĹ̫СһЩҪʽ뵽Ľ򣬻ûѺüʱ䡣
оٶЩˣɴ;һЩʱմ⡣
ЩʱմڻĶκδнԶ봫ͣ˵ҪִĻÿһΣ͵μս׼
ΪЩʱմ϶вǿصģԽǿʱմ󣬰صĻԽǿ
ô񾳽Ļֵط
ţ΢΢
ڵʵֻҪ񾳽ǿߣһж⣬ȥһʱմҲʲôһɾͻᾪ壬ȷöԷϢͳȥ
һɵľͼҪˣ֮ǰʱһܷκһͷ塣
ܿ죬ҵһʱմǴΧĻʱմͨʱմĻӦܹٽʡʱ䣬ǰĽ֮ڡ
˵ǲģɱ壬ڿʼɱǽ彮֮ʼɱ˵ûʲô
֮𽥿ʱմ󣬱Ƚ鷳ǣ⸽ŲεĻѲߣȻۿȴܹɸ֪ǵĴڡ
ֱɱʱմĻЩѲ߱ҴɲҪ
޵״̬£һͷһͷĻѲߣЩѲߣδףĶδ׵ĴڣΪ˵ѾǺǿˣҪȻҲᰲΧʱմѲߡ
˵ҪɵЩһϢĽȫɵ
δþ֮Ҳûж׹ֱʩչ޽֮գרԾɭħģ˲ܽκһͷؾĻʿɱ
ֻһʱѲߵĻȫɵˣʱʱմеķػҲ˲ԾĵطһսСӴʱմ
ûκԥֱӾʹ߶ľ򣬽ʱմУ
ʱմ󣬶Ի˵ȽҪҲһǧͷ￴ضѣؾսһ׾Ҫöˣ˵ûʲôв
ʱմҲǱȽСĶȫܹУȻʩչֶΡ
֮УκοռĵᱻʱմҲ⣬ֻҪ򲻱ƻôʱմ޷߶
úһ֮㿪ʼøֶΣնɱߵǧͷؾǿߡ
ȱ׹һɨȥֱа˰ͷؾǿߣϾѹҲģ׹һֱȽϺá
ȻŶֶΣ֮򣬽ʣµĻ峹ɵΪڰͨ֡
Թ׾ŵ˵ֻҪĻǿ֣߳ô޵еģٶʱ޵еģֻҪ֮ķϲԷ顣
ڵʵһ׾һ𹥻Ҳһʱܻľ֮ϣͷףͲĶ֡
ܹŻ˲һʱ䣬ʱմ󸽽Ļȫɵˣһû£ϲǱ׹𣬾Ǳ֮ɵģС綼ûвд
Ҳû⣬Щ׶ʲôǿĴڣͨжûںʲôľ̫ûбҪ˷ʱǵС硣
ڣԷڶͨʱľ̫ܹоˣȫרŰֱȽǿĻȫɱɵ
ڻöӰɲô׾ܹ㵽ֵġ
ʱմ֮ͰѾ򳷵ˣȻȥ߶ʱմʱմ͹ȥĻпܻ󲿶ӣ¡
ֱܲӾϻ˰ɣ
οǻףҲδزܴӶԷѣȻɲԷԷҪɱҲǼѵġ
һʱ֮˸α㱻ʱմУһ̣ޱңԶľ֮⣬ط彮ѾԶˣѾ˻彮ıԵ֮⣬պǻһߣ
γֱ֣ӾͻޣûκλܵĴڡ
ֻʱմĶפŵĻǸܵ˲ף֪жˣȴûκδڣЩȡ
Ȼ󣬺ܿǰһ鿴ȴʱմ󸽽տҲԭӦפǧͷѾȫʧֻŲҵսϢ
֣
Ϣܿͱ˻ڲУʱûжԴΪڴǰûзûбҪСûҪֵġ
ǿܹɸɵǧͷ׶ûзκζ϶һδ֪ĵз󲿶ӵˡ
ȴûвκζ֣ǺǾ죬ϵֵǸǺ磬ѵĶ𷴹ˣ
Ƕǲ׾Źȥˣʯˮһ𣬰˵һϢɣ
ô彮򸽽սŷ׷׶ԱʼѰǸռʱմġš
ȴֵ֪ǽ򸽽Ĳһš
ֻһ˶ѡ
һֻΪǺ֮սûκһ㴫صЩǸͲ֪ǺǱʲôĴڣ
ڻ忪ʼԱʱѾȥΣŻ彮ڲԽˡ
ʶ֪ҲܴﵽôԶУǺ׸ģڻ彮߽ϣ϶񾳽ǿפء
ԿǶ֣ҲʣȻֻѡƹˡ
ҵһѲСӣȻ御ɱֻһͷףȻͨУʣڻ彮߽ϣפʲôط
ıʣЩ϶ġ
߸ѲС֮һͷϢŪ˸ķֲ


1606 ɱ¾
Ȼǲһͷġ
ڸһƬѰѲСӣʮѲСӵʱٴһͷ°Ѹڵֲ˵˳
оƵǣһ֮ǰǼһ˵ϢȫһϢͬ
ףЩһﲢͷֻҪƭֱײǰȥ۲٣һ£ȥҪȷϵĻһЩбʲС
ûżϾһСĴϽķΧȥǺ鷳һ顣
ڻ彮ԵвѰѲߵĻСӣȻѯϢ֣ܿûã
ΪһıʣȻл͸¶һЩϢÿһͷ͸¶ϢǲһģȻںȷϡ
ʱ䣬߰ϢÿһϢһ
Щ壬Ϊ롣
ò˵ԷľǰжˣжûãҪɱЩ壬ڻ˵˫ΪжԣôڶԷеˣơ
ѪǾԲܵ͵ģ˫һֱսȥ֮⣬һеһԷ
Ȼ⸽ǱȽϸӵģһ弴ҲпһСķ籩
˵ѧԺļأ⸽һѾǧû屻ˣۺʵǿ˲٣֪᲻ж
ţٴ̽ϢˣΪٴ̽ȥҲûõġ
ûл˵ʵ
ʱ֪Ϊʲô֮ǲнģΪ㽻ˣԷҲ˵ʵʲôýģ
ֻɱô򵥣
ںҲǺѺûйͬ˵£ͻ֮˵û˿ͬ㣬û˿ô
ûа취֮£ֻܿˣЩȻû͸¶ؼϢôŪ˻彮ı߽ߵڡ
ԷѣҲһǰᣬǾԱ߽λã֪һЩλϢ
ԣڻ彮ı߽ߣŪˡ
ֻҪԽ߽ߣܹʵƹԷǿפص򣬰ȫ뵽彮ڲȥ
˵彮򣬶ûкúùأû뵽˻彮򡭡
оЩЦ
ȥҪڻ彮ӰĴڣ϶Ҫ߶ˣʱԻ彮ڵ±彮ڻҪϤ
ȻĳԱ֮һȴû彮ã彮ҲֻǺӺսóһЩԽڵرϤġ
еմԽһԱԽ˵ǿԽǺӡ
Ȼٶȿ죬һЩգһպ˲ƵǰͱȽϱˣÿ˲֮󣬶ʶĻޣǱ۲Χ֮ж
ڻ彮߽總жಽǽ뵽彮ڲ֮úܶࡣ
Ϊ彮彮򶼲ʮͷңһڽ߽ģʣһֲڹǺӵУȻûô׸պñ
֮
ȷԼѾһ·˲Ƶ˻彮ڲΪѾǳԼԽԽЩǳâɫȽ彮еܲһ
⸽һƬΪԴأ𽥷չ壬ûĻʿÿһǴľ壬ܹõҲȽ١
һƬΧڣ϶߰ӰԵ۶ɵ֮Դ
֮е˵֮ԴԶ̫֮ʧƷģôͿƲ⣬ڻ彮һƬǰӦһǿľ͵飬̫֮ŻôྫԵ֮Դ
֮⣬ǰӰԵģڻ彮ҲǳӰģǻ߳˾֮⣬ܹõ֮һ
գڻ彮ΧڲϴУһһΧһ֮ԴתУЩϣŲٻĲڣûж֡
ΪЩһʵ̫ˡ
һȥܰ򶼴ģ׹ֵĻɽϵĻȫɵⲢûʲô壬ΪĿҪѰҰӰľϵ̫ġ
ԣѰûҪȥˣܴıЩȽϴ͵ҲûбҪȥΪпܻڻ
Ŀ꣬Ȼֱָ֮Դ
ǰӰľϵ̫Ǵ֮Դе֮ԴпܵõҪĶĵط
Щ֮ԴһҲǳɭϣ˵պӶɵĺõط
˵ڻ彮ڲĻǿ߶ʲôطôһ󲿷֮ԴҪôڸ֮ԴҪôǱǲפأػ֮Դġ
ȻЩ϶Ϊ˷ֹԼ˵ġ
彮ڵ֮Դ֮Դޣֻеõʸ߲ǰ֮ԴҪһЩȽǿػ֮Դñ޹˵Ƚ֮Դ
嵱һ
ֻǽգȴӭһǿߣǴδ뵽ġ
ܿ죬ҵ˵һĿꡣ
һȽ֮ԴܹĸУǸ֮Դ丽ĻǿߣҲŲϢ
ҪֵĿ꣡
ĵȴʱ䣬ʱѸһԼĶˣպһѡеĻź󱲣Ҫ֮ԴþԵġ
ȻֻǱԴѰ˵ԴѾǷǳˣҪǿ̫֮Ǹ߼ʾģبżģĵطͲܡ
ʾ֮Դʴ¹вźò׵õָһһǺһ
彮ڣ治ʾ֮Դ˵ڣҲǿ϶ػŵģȥĶ⡣
̽⸽֮Ϳʼˡ
ȵһĻź󱲽֮󣬻вǹļ峤ڵȺţЩĿ꣬ҪЩһﵱУ᲻ڰӰĴڡ
ѧԺϵ˪彮еõ˺ܶຮ
ڣ˻彮׼ȡӰ
һǧϵĴ׾һСӳĴڣڻЩ͹Ļ峤ڣܹǧ壬ƬСΧڡ
̽׼֮󣬾׼ж

򣬳ſ
һȫûеֿɱ¾ոճ֣㷢һͷδ׵ĻʩչͨЩ쳣ӦںľĴڣ


1607 
ҪľҪǰӰҪô̫
ֻĻ˵ûʲôô
ͷȽĻδϱģǰӰͷ߶δ׵ĻһвڣǰһֿûС
׹˲䱬ȼڻյѸ죬һߣɣ;лǿ߳׷մ侫궼ûκʣࡣ
ֻ֮£ͷϾ߱ӰĻδף
ȻҲֻʱĶѡ
ɵ֮󣬱޽֮սͷδ׺ɱȻͷδ׵С磬뿪֮Դ
֮ԴУвٻţǸ֪籣ǵĻ峤Ѿȫɵˡ
ңûκһͷܣڶʱڣͰһȺȫߣ˵ǼЧʵġ
ɵһȺ֮뿪طûһ˿һϢǿºܹҲ޷ͨκϢ׷ٵڡ
ѪʥͼսǺܺõۼĹߣȻƷԵͣѪʥͼǷǳ㣬ܹںۼȻö޷ݳκйϢ
ֲսǾ۶䱣Ͼںܶʱ;Ǻܴġ
뿪֮Դ֮󣬽շת֮ڷԽңԶ룬һƬž˵յУƬգΧ֮ڶ򣬼ҪմԽ뿪ƬҪʱ䡣
԰ͷδ׵Сˡ
ֻԷСеľĻٶȾҪܶ࣬ϾֻҪҵԷСеö֮ͨͿˣѸٵĵ˶ԷСڣܵһصİӰΧ
ЩӰģ֮˵ҲûʲôвֱЩӰĵдԽܿҵ˶Էĵһ֮ͨ

һ֮Դ
ƺһεж⴦֮ԴƺҪ֮ǰķɭ˺ܶ࣬һвٰڣϴһֵĻǻᱻԷ֣Ӷ͸¶١
ⰲţЩܰ
һ
֮ԴƺԶˣҪǿ֮Դôܿ˶͸¶١
Ȼָǰ
֮ǰͷδϣһöӰȻöӰֱ뵽˾ֵ֮ͨУþͨӵһЧ
ǾǣֻҪɱκһֲ֣ܽתΪһ֡
ٵ˵ȫһ񼼣
ȫɾȥĻҪ棬ܹЩȫɵǾûܳɹҲб¶Σգڻ彮ежӵֶ֮󣬼ֱ˵ˡ
ްյУȻ֮󣬱һ۳ʮֳ
ʮֳ˫Ӱһ㣬ѸٳŸĻɱȥĵնԷľֻ꣬һ˲֮䣬Ѿʮͷ峹׸ɵ
ͨһֱûôãΪû̫ôħøɴࡣ
˰Ӱ֮ľͨȴǼʺĳЩضµս
ʳ֣ôþ֣ȫԽĿǰٵ״
ֻһʱ䣬ʮͷֱѾ˶ʮͷ֣ȻʮͷѸײڶ֮Ļؾǿߡ
Ѿ߶δ׵ΪѾ񾳽֮µ۷ڣٻľ־Ϳɱ󲿷µĴڡ
˰Ӱ֮󣬾ֲռѵԣ˫ǿᡣ
ֻҪ߶δ۷Ļ壬ĵն£ûκλ·ģЩ׵ֶαȽܹ㿪һ£Ҳ㲻ȥĵڶ¡
Լȫûж֣󣬳ѾضǾ֣ٳʮͷʹѾʮͷױָɵȻ󷴶Ϊ˾֡
Ӱڳ۳Ϊ֣ʮͷʮͷʮͷ
ȻҲоֱǿɱеľ֣ȴȻԽԽ࣬бȽǿĻ壬ҲͷֵֽԷɵĸɵȻΪһͷµľ֡
ǿգȫ鲼˾ֵӰ
Щ߾ΪǿǴûмġ塱ʱһЩҪ˴Ϣ㱨ĸ߲ڡ
δֲֹǱҲûκ⣬ֻԼһͨᱻԷоˣԷҪ׽ȫܡ
Ϊֱû˶ԷУҲ̾ԱˣҪоֵԣܡ
۳ʼʱľ֮󣬾ѾѪʥͼԼЩ֮ϵĨȥԷݾݣҲݲϡ
Ҫͨɱ򣬸ش
뷨ǲʵģϾÿһֵĴʱ䣬ôᳬһʱȻɱĶ֣תɵľʵ޹أȥ֮˵ʵйء
Ҫɱһͷδ׵Ļ壬ôµľ־ӵδ׾սɱһͷؾĻ壬ôµľ־ֻؾս
ҪɱһЩֻϧҲһʱ֮ڣ⿿ֵķȥĻɱ
ǣ۳ľ֣ʱܹøһЩĻɱпܵġ
ǾֳΪͨ᲻ӵ֮ˣ
ôţֻϧֽ׶Ҳ֪Ҫβһͨͨʴ¹֮⣬ûҵ취ܹһ㡣
Ȼʱ޷ɱ򣬵ǰȴֻǧͷ壬⿿Ѿȫ㹻ˡ
УȺħ裬˫дУһͷͷǿޣȻӻǿߵľкУһͷµľֳ֡
˵ĳûǿʣһʱ򣬷׷׶˵ӡ
ֲǲսʤġ
ȴʤԽԽ࣬ԴԴֻҪĻ̾ͻµľ֣óеĻֱҪ
̵Уǲδܵһͷ֮ͨҲ˵һεжУδõйľϢЩʧ
ӵɫһĿˡ
žâһµļƻԺγɳ


1608 ٱ¶
ڻ彮еĶ϶Ѿ˻ĸ߲㡣
ͬǰѧԺִʱһ彮ڷʲôټ϶ǿ߽׷ɱκιӲдĻᡣ
Щ޺ټŹ˵ԻѾ˼صƻ
ܹѾгǧɥУ
¼廹ദĻôʹʧˣһֱάַչڡ
ԽȥԵĿ϶һЩеǿߣڻ嵱УҲѧԺ֯ҲĴڡ
Щ֯ĴڣϾΪ˶Կ壬ֵ۶ôǿᣬܻᱻЩ֯ɵ
˵Ĵ϶ǷǳΣյġ
δԼİȫΪһΣû¶κйԼȥжҲ׼Լı֡
Ͼӵ˾ĴɱðΣԼ¶ͷ
֮Դ飬彮򸽽ѾԱȥжĻ⵽ܶ׼õǿߵĴ
ļƻȴԻ嶼ͷԡ
Ϊ׼´ж֮ǰȥطһȦ磬ڸһЩϣһЩֹȥ
һЩѰ˵۵ľȫ˵һĴڣûκʿܹԿұɱĻʿᱻתΪ֡
ڸһЩ֮䴩ڼѲߵǿ飬ûܹټϾĻֶοɲģ٣ҪȻپԲᱩ¶
Ȼÿһ򣬾Ͷ֣þڸŰ
һã־ܹɨ򣬽ڼƵĻȫɵȻһ󲿷ֶûʲôսĻƽ
ţԲӲܡ
ĿģҪڸѲߵĻǿߣעЩϣ޶ȵ֮жһܴĺô
ǾǶ˵ĿҪѰľ̫
Ļʵϻеģһľ̫ܹһʱȻĿĵأԷɵȡԷСеľ̫
ڸ彮һ·¾֣⣬Ҳ˻彮ڿʼһƬľ
Ȼʿûʵľ壬ʱ˿̣һƬҲ洦ԸܵŨһЩûܹþ֣˼ء
һϵĴ󲿷ȫۼ˺ľ֣Χɢɱ¾ȥ
£Ĵ취ֻһǾñȽǿĻɢŵĻ壬Ȼ·󣬽Щһ
˵ʵǲ֪ںϰӰ֮󣬾ȻǿƣҪȻĻںϾ˵ˡ
ڵҲ٣Ͼ֮ǰں˰ӰľͨҲûʲô̫õĻʹá
ʱѾ˸ʮڻ彮һƬȻ󲨣Ѿ⸽һƬǺУ
ûЩȴͷǿߣֱӺƬûһ˿һĵֿء
Ҳͷǿֵ߳ʱҲڷ˵ڶͨںľĻǿߣͷ񸽽⡣
ʱǻȳһѾ˸ԲǿյУĶĿʱŸǿеĶ
ڻ˵ѾǼΪصһ¼ˣûз飬û߲ŭҪ¼ס
ϧǣЩͷһֱڶ֪׾˭
ŰһЩȽĻֱǰɱȻѳľֱ֣Ҳûʧء
֪䣬ͷӵľĻ׸ȷΧûʲôΣ֮󣬱Գ֣޽֮յֶνɱ
ͷ߶δ׵Ǻǿҵһʱ䷴Ӧεľ񹥻ϧľ֮öԷĹ޹žͱɭħĳ״ݻ˾꣬С硣
С磬ȻѪʥͼԼֹĺۼڸǵ
жƺҵһϤĸоָоںܾúܾǰ۶Դ彮ʱ
ʱľۣѾ񾳽Ĵڣ֪彮֮Уɱ¾籩Ƕôֲ
۶˵ȫ˵һجΡ
ڵڻ彮ڵΪҲ϶ڻʷдصһʣгʮһ粨бָ˴벿֡
˵Ļߣʮϣ
ʱҲԼͨʵҪ˶Ҫǿࡣ
˵ͨں̫Ҳܻӵ˿ֲܹ嶼һ޴ѡ
֮ǰһֱõİӰ֮顢֮ҪĻо֮ڵ֮ͨÿһ·˵ĲͬҪԽ˵ͨһΡ
֮ͨ˵磬ÿߵÿ˶ӵ߸ͨӣܽ߸ͨ
۴ķ潲ƺǺܲġ
ڰͨҲˣ߼ͨҲǾ֡Ӱ֮黹о֮ʵ̫Щ
̲ס뵽ѵΪԼ˵Եʣ
ϾǴ紩ԽһЩ⵹ҲǺ顭
ҡҡͷڲʱ򣬾ϵ˼ҲڵõĴ𰸣ٵõȵ񾳽磬ȻȥĲΣʱ򣬲пܵõһЩйԼԽԼ֮ͨĴ𰸡
ɵͷֱ֮ӽСߣȻ˸Ƚϰȫĵطܿѳһöⶫ˵ûʲôãͻǺӵĻܹĳЩĵʵһء
ǵСгʱȴͻȻ֣ԼƺѾ¶ˡ
˷һЩǿ飬ڵλðΧͷҲڵķѸ˲ƹ
ʱͷ뻹ȽԶƾٶȣܿͻ׷
⣡
ûκԥһʱ佫еһкۼȫɾȻٶȳĳʼ˲ơ
ֻһ·ߣǾܡ
񾳽ĻûҪܣɰͷɵˣֻϧڵһСξ롣


1609 ٴж
֪Լʲôط¶˳ͷ֮һӵ׷ֶΣƾ֮ʶ֪ʲôֶΣڵΣյС
ûκѡֻٶ뿪С
С飬ٶȣ
ԸУȻһĴзԽٶȣƺҲ޷˦ͷ񣬶ԷȻ׷ţ·ܹȷڵλá
ܹƬ˳ʱ䣬ȻǺ۸ġ
ڻ彮ô飬ôܲע⵽
Ҳʱ֮ϵһӸһϣ̫Ʒھ˳ʱ֮󣬴ﵽ˵ľѣ
ǰоѣѾʹ˲٣ھѵ֮ڲռ̺ˮϵ̫֮֮ǰֱ֮࣡
һεľѼͬһľѼЧˮϵ̫֮ǿһմԽȵȣЧҪ֮ǰǿ
᷽棬ȻմԽ棬ǶĴǳãһ˲ƵľҲﵽһǧ
յУһǧﲻʲô
ÿʱ䶼ܹ˲һǧľ룬ٶȾЩֲˣڣоѵ֮һӾͰͷ˦ˡ
С飬ɵƯ
һЦѸǰУһܹ׷ɱķգܹڻ彮˷ˣӶĶ
˴ʱ֮ǰƬеľѾȫˣ֪Ƭյоʲô
ͷǷȻ׷
ɲǸΣն޷֪ܿһСľͱˡ
۳һЩþ;ɢȥЩֲûнյɱֻǵһãĻܹһʱ͵֪һԼƬеĴ
ȻҲб׶ˣֻҪԷ˳žһ·ǰУܹҵλҲûа취
;㹻ľ֮ͻȻֹͣΪȻתƷ򣬳һ˲ƿȥĻԷܹ׷ٵĿԾʹ󽵵ˡ
֮ѾһȫͬǺӡ
ǺӶѾ֮ǰͷĹϽΧˣǺӵʱǺӵелߣǴڼΪŵ״̬
ʱףھֵѾ彮򣬷ô飬ʮ٣彮ӡ
ڣԿ϶ڻ彮ڲѰԼټֻϧһʱûܹҵѡ
е鷳
۾ֵĻ˵ԷȦ׵Уһ־޷ȫˣǺӵĻͷǳˡ
Ϊû̾Ͷ֣ǼŸԶǺ˲ƹȥ
ʱ֮򶼲ٻˣȻ̾ٶԱûа취㣬Ҫġ
Ƭ彮еݺĻϣǲʲô˼ȥǺˡ
ʯˮ壬ʧһ񣬻ûеõ˿ǺӵľϢ֮󣬿Ҳ׷һжʱ仹ǱȽϳԣġ
ԽԽ뵽彮ڲ
Խ彮ĶȥԽܹܵʵ֮ǿ󣬱彮ڵĴʤ
Ǻ֮ڵɱǣѾǺĴ֮һ
ڻ彮ڣÿһǺӵУɱֹģٶʮһһЩϣűǿƼ
뵽ЩУҪӳ¶ûô˳ڻ彮Щ֮Դ൱֮ԴҲǳܡ
ٶڵ˵߱ȥЩ֮Դ
һǿʢ񣬴ӽԵĺѿֻ뵽Ľܹó便жôǿ󡭡
ţȴδȻŻ彮ĵطȥ
ڵȻʺ֣֮ǰֳķ粨ԶԶûнأڶ֣ɾ˻彮ĴҲԷֵгԽѰƵʵѲ߶顣
ңܶطŰе巨֮ĶҪ˾ƿأʶ֪ѰǿʮһŲȽЩ嵱ȥˡ
Ҫһ彮֮дҪȫܵǵսǿͿġ
ﵽ񾳽磬ܶһ˵壬ǲʵ㹻߶δǿͬʱΧԱܹ뵽ʱշ籩С
ڼ¶ȫˣ˵ôأȻǿҲܵô񣬸˵߶δ׵磬ԶԶܹεǿ߶Կġ

彮߽翪ʼѾȥ˴һµʱ䡣
ʱ䣬һһڻ彮вߣ̽Ȼţʴ¹еʱ򣬻ǱȽеģͺں԰ͥŲһûиܵʲôѹӡ
彮һµʱ䣬оʱˣһεжҲһճ̡
ȱѡĿص㣬ڻ彮κһ򣬶ԳΪĿص㣬ΪܹܵдڵľϢ
Ҳ˵κһϣлľ
ǷĻ彮ģߵ򣬼䷱٣жҪҲߣκβҪȻĻﲻԼĿ꣬пԼ뵽ΣյС
жʼ֮ǰһԼӡ
֮ǰ۳ħһֱͣھںԶǺУصüãûбκλ巢֡
Ȼ뼫ңԶǿԲٿħħֱ۳һľ֣ȻЩ֣Χɢȥ䵽϶֣ɱЩߡ
ʣǵɽ֮ƣ
µħˣһʱ䣬ΧĻǿ߾ԾͳԶĵطȥˣڻĴڣ֮Ҳһ
ʱ򣬾ֵʱ
֮Уûκһ󵨣׼ٻ彮ģΨӵʵǣ
ħ֮΢ȴ˰ʱ䡣
ȻѸײڶ֮ƣ䵽ǿ֮ϣ
֪ϣջöľ˳ĻһƱͿȻȥˡ
ţΪģ˷ɢ˿ȥ


1610 ջ
ٵ񣬸ֵֹľ档
Щֲÿһ궼ǳ޴彮ϵЩҪ࣬ÿһߴſǧһƬ½ڡ
һ棬ȻҲвٵģ϶һЩȵȣ֮
Ĵڣ̬ϵͳеһ֣ڻ壬·û壬ҲҪʳֻҪϲ֮ľͿȥ
ƾۣͿκߵĴڡ
ųʶ֪ͻᷢϣںжĻߣ
һͷֳ֣һٸΣϵ˷ӿκλ߶ٶȸɵ
ѡĵطΪĵطķ֮ǿ࣬ҲΪܼѸӾֵ
һЩֵĶֵĻԳֶԸһƱˣ͵ܣõı¶Լı
ֻǹȥһʱ䣬ϣѾʮľ֣ͬ˳һ㣬ŸԶɢȥڼ䣬Ҳͷǿߣ߶δ׵ĴڣӦǿһˡ
ǣƽ˵ǿߣػ򣬲ӵԴǲ֪ڻ嵱УԼʲô¹ɵĻ֯ˡ
ǿߣ൱ϵļ峤϶ҪԳ֡
ֻϧǲŸոճ֣ͱˣ֮ԻĻǿΪǵ֮ͨһľ
ǻ彮ĵĳŸն֣ͷǿߣ
Ǻӵİƴʦ֮ģ¾񾳽ҲԶˣֻûǸԵһˡ
ļһʴ¹жɱܶˡ
ͷǿĻ߶δǿߣӦͱȽϴˣ԰ѻøһûȥμʴ¹жֻϧڣǰȫСϺһֿ
δ׵ĲΣҿʴ¹ƾı֮ģһδεĸɵЩ۷߶δ塣
Ѿﵽ߶δ׵Ĵ۷壬͸˵ˡ
֮ǰĽɫǲεĳǿߣҪȻǰȫͲһ֮С
׹
һ̧֣׹߼ԴƷȻЯ޾ĺɫ棬ȻֱӽһͷǿĻ߶δ׾С
һֱ̣ջ׹׹ĺɫ棬ֻǽԷľմȴ˶ԷС
ǰһֱ㽫СС
ʱûʱСкȷһöӰɱһͿԴˡ
ûκԥֱ̧޽֮գһͷ߶δ׺ȥֲɭħģֱӽ侫ɢȻСк㵽С
ֻЩ۷ڵ߶δףҲһ֮С
ΪڵʵȻѰĴףƾ֮ƣܰЩڵܶһ룬öԷ˵ͬ޻һֵܵס
лǿ֣߳ɱٻЩ֡
ϧǣϵľȻԭԽֱ࣬γȫ赲֮ƣԮһʱմӿһһķ󣬴ĿʼЩ֡
ʱѾЯͷ߶δ׵С磬뿪
Ҳͷ߶δǿˣõͷС磬ûҪɱˣΪĻʵ̫Σˡ
֮ǰǴ߶ѪʥͼԼڵĺۼĨȥ
Ȼִ߶УŻ彮ı߽Ѹٽӽȥʱѡķ򲢲Ǻӵķ򣬶彮
ûгǺǰΪһ׷ٵĻ»ǺӴȥѣϾǺӵʵû޷ֵĴģ
Ͳһ
֮սѾãٰѳϣûʲô׵ĵط
еմԽٶȣҪᴩ彮ҲֻҪһҶѣٶѾǳֲˡ
յУ˲ƣҽԼֹĵĻ֮׵Ժ
ûȥ彮оʲôˡ
ΪκǣֻҪܾˣܵ·߷ǳ죬ϲκλ׷
˿ֲٶȣ͸ᱻ׷ˡ
ȻҲЩЩصֶΣܹ̽ĴڣڵҲر£ϾҪʲôˣֻܵĻǰһͷҲĴȥ
һ·ϣʼСкһ
Ȼôջ񣡡
벻ԼǷˣͷСкУľϵ̫õöӰǵõö⻹ö
ľ̫һȻܹаö֮࣡
ͷһջ˶Ĵڣҵ񲢲رѣֻǶԷ彮룬ԲŻԵñȽΣնѡ
ͷʵᱻ
һ룬ԼƺҪӰˣʣµͨһǻӡһǾϢƺľϵ̫ĻһЩ
ľϵ̫뵽ݺĳͨУѪɫ޵ͨ˴ݻپԡ
뵽Ϣأ
һͨľϵ̫ҲֱܹӹĻôƻǼֲģΪϢһĹͨ
ڻӡһͨľϵ̫ܹʹܹסֵľЧôûȥ顣
Ϊ飬Ҳп¶ţڵκпܵٱ׽
һͷǺܺ£ӵõ
ͷͬرɵ
ͷϵĻΧôضֻ·һˣǿߵʵڻֻ޷еģοڻ彮ĵЩǿ
׷񣬻Ͽ϶ǽӽ۷ĴˣܶȣԲֻѰߵʮпܴﵽʮ
ʱ䣬ʵǣڲͨЧǵ뿪˻彮˵ɣʱ彮򣬰ȫҲǻõһıϣǿ߲٣ûǵóȻġ


1611 Ʒ
彮ѸǰУһ˸ǧľ롣
彮УѾޱȣȻֻжһˣƾͨӲĸ彮˾޴ʧ
˵Դӻ巢չ֮󣬻ûз飬Ȼ뵽˽ڵĺ򣬲˼صƻ
˵ûоԼʲô£жԣɱٶһܰɾӵиḶ̌Ӷչĸ졣
ʵǿࡣ
۷սѾ֮ǰ˲٣ʵû̫仯ƾļǿߣǺ峹ġ
彮֮УЩжЩӺܴĻڶŭĳˡ
Ҫҵûôס
彮һˣƬһ΢㲻ϣԷҪҵΨһ;ҲͨˣԼгֵϢȫѪʥͼģԷҪݣҲ޴ݡ
ǶԷһȺУлһʱʱ֮׷ٵĺۼΨһܹ׷ٵĿˡ
ټ彮УǿжʮڽڲģҲʮͷôǿߵУôһʱ΢е̵ġ
ǲҪʱƾǻ޷ƿʱģһͷȴӵжʱ֪ܹһʱĳطµϢ
ͷܹݣ֪Ĵλã
ȻִǶ˾֣ʣ۾ֵʱҲӦϢԸ׷ٵʲô̫ѵ顣
һȷλãôȥͺðˡ
彮֮УȻǸ塢һ鲼ʱմͷĴڵģҪΧֻҪͨʱմͷ󣬳ڵĵطϹȥͿˡ
ٶʵ̫ˣȻڻĽУҪװΧҲһѵ顣
ԣΪжͷ
ʼʱͷûܹ׷ڣͷһ֣ҪΧһСռڣȻɵڸǰķЩǲ£ǰǺյǰһЩ巨
Щ巨һУͻᱻȫסȻ޷ѣܹסһֱӵϵ
ЩϢһŲ֪
ûɵһֱǰǹǰÿ˲Ƶķ򣬶һֱߣǲǰȫǰĹɡ
һܹ֪λãҪǰΧ׷½Ҳôס
ֻǣʮͷΧлƺЩԾˣǰ£ܹ򣬸һǿϢڳԼڵĵطƽ
֣⸽վȻ
𣿶ң⸽Ŀռ䳹׷ˣС鶼޷˲Ƴȥ
üͷ΢塣
ֶεĻпӾͱԷΧסɵˣóԷƾѾ׼˺ܳʱ䣬ܹ׼ȷİƬյС
ϧǣЩһ㡣
ֶΣǷǳģ
֮
ĵͨ߶ʱһڹȻϯȻǰĿռ̺Ŀռĳ߽˿
ϧˣռֶΣĻסҸһЩڣټˣ
΢̣дһţ˱Ƭʧ˾ԭһǧ֮ĵط
һĻΧʼΧȥͷȫһ
壬ʮʱǺòײƳģȴû뵽Сɾƿˣͳһ棬Ǿǿռ
ͷ񣬶֪ȻӵͻƿռֶΣ
ңȻɵֶΡ
ӣֱӴǰΧȦߣҪ׷ɲô׵飬ؼ˲ٶʵ̫ˣ쵽޷ֱӴƨɺ׷ĳ̶ȡ
У̫Ʒ彮жûмֲεĴڣ˵պûҪٶ͵ġ
ܹоѵ߲ΣٶȻ죬һһЩľѼ˵Ǵۺս
׹߼ԴƷͬ׹ȻȴֻɱУûʲôá
оͲһˡ
˰ΧȦûκͣͣմԽѸԶ֮ǰƬڵء
ЩܹλãҪٴβóһƬҲǶʱܹģʱڣպܹʵ
Ϊλ彮֮У׼˺ָܶĵҩʱó
СУʼʱ׼ħħȫ۳ΪƽԷĿռģϾһεĻԷĿռ϶Բ¡
ĻҪƿռûôˣҪ׼С
뿪һƬʮ֮Σյĸоһν٣һδ뵽һƬռУ֮ǰϵģƬռѾǻԲóģԲ֮ǰˡ
ϧԴȴ׼
ħ֣ԳƬռʩչ˾֮֮ƵЧټħͬʱ֣һӾƬռеķ֮ʼ߽
Ȼ߽ٶȲر죬ȴҲ㹻Ƭռѳȥ
ΧĻֱҪ裬û뵽СӾȻµĿռܹƽ⣬һͷоԼµĿռܶȾȻһӱһ룬ΪˣСӲܹ߽
ûͷϵԣһδƤӵˣһΣпѾǻΧһᡣ
ٹ죬ܹ뿪彮ǰ彮ȥˣһ뿪˻彮򣬵սϣͷͲ׷ˡ
Ϊһͷ׷пжȷͷ⣬ͺܿøˮ塢ȵȣŻ彮ơ
ǲòǵǣĻ뿪彮֮ǰס
ڣ彮ı߽ϣǳ걣һЩģЩʱͳ׿ƽЩ赲еģȴڵĵӳȥ
ûһǱͷ񣬶СӼʹޣĻʷ衣
ʲôʱû壬ܹǻ彮Űˣ


1612 Ԯ
ܿͿ˻彮ı߽ߡ
Խǵʱ򣬾ԽΣգһСĺпܱסξԶ׼ˡ
ֻһͷ취ӶԷѳȥԷͷһû취ˣҪǱΧסĻ¼ֲʱͻᱻɵˡ
ȻԷһɵ³»ȱɵҡ
Ҫ彮򣿡
֪ѣôѣȥԣҪȻվֻ·һ
ڣǻ޷ֱıħ
֮ڴħʱ׼ȷҲʧЧֶˣԷʶƿסĻôûʲô취ˡ
һʮħڷɢһ֮ʹãΪħʵڵˣڻ彮ڲͶеĻ߽ܿ߶ˣѾȫĵЩҩˡ
ھǹؼ
ħڿ彮߽ߵʱԷ˳ȥЩħڶ׼õˮϵ̫֮ЩħҲгʮεմԽ
кôʱһֱڼƻ飬ڿʼʵʩ
ƻʼʱͷ񣬻ǿȫɵˣܹʮһСӳŸͬɢȥĸ
ʱӵ֪Ļ񣬶޷ͨݵĴˣʮħ壬ûбֳκεĲͬǳ˷ɢȥ
ʮһܿͿ˻彮߽ߣҴ˾ķ
֮
ʮħͬһʱ߶ֶ֮ΣħǶóͨһģһģ໥֮ȫûκ
ؼʱ̣ͷֻܹˣϾ񣬷ֿȥĻҲһĸʽСӵıס
ÿһħ֮䣬һҲմԽʮεľ룬໥䶼Ļͷһ֩һ
ͷһȻѸɱ˹
ɲɵǣ徹Ȼһͷˣͷʵ̫ǿܶȴԼѰߵʮͷ񣬻ÿһͷܶȶﵽʮ屶ϡ
һͷĻֵܹסҲö׹ֶ֮Ρһ׹ôͱ¶ˣҲ׷ɱ
Ժ֮ޱȵ侲ûκξʧ룬˼пԡ
ҲҿЩǻ壬ҪȽϷ㡭
ţվǷ˷뷨
뷴ɱԷǲܵģҪʱ䶼ǲܵģģȫֻӲԷĹƣȻʱ߽彮߽ߵĿռ
ռǿΧ߽磬һǿ߶޷ͨҪ˵ˡ
ҿӵоܹ߽֮ͨһĿռ䡣
ʮħı壬ȫ߶֮ڹٶ߽ռ䣬ͷĹƣҲʱ٣
һֲľħϣȴֳһĨ֮ɫԣԷĹһ󲿷ֶ赲ͷ
ħĹƣҪǿֻܶ࣬Ǽʱ䣬֮ķƣ׺顣
ħڵһ־Է״ݻ٣ħ֮ϵҲжϣ޷ٲٿħˡ
ڣܿħͻΪʧȥľϵױ
ͷֵ˱Ƚϳһʱ䣬ڶԷһηƵʱ򣬴߶˾꾵ֶΣֱӽԷһʮ˻ȥ
Ȼ񾳽ǿߣ꾵ܹȫˣһУͷһ̲ȡֶΣֵס˱ȥľ
Ҳʱڽǰķռ߽һ϶Ȼֻһ϶˵ҲѾ㹻ˡ
С飬ߣ
кһУһ̣һӿȵˮϵ̫֮ڴӿ֣һ˲˳ȥͻ彮߽ߵķ
ֻҪһ϶ܻ޴д͸ȻմԽߡ
ֶָۺܹӻ彮˳ѳҳɹһεĿģεõǰöľ̫˵ֳʵеˡ
ûЩֻ֪öӰĻǼֱҪޣֱ͸ء
٣ǵʧͲôҪֳ֪飬ûϰڣ˳ΪûκλߵĴڡ
Űһҡ˵ã
ȻʼֱӸҪӰĻԷ϶񾭲ˡ
ô˵ӳˣӳֱ֮Ӿ˲Ƶ˼Զ뵽һƬսУͷǿ߻׷Ļܱ֮ܿ˷֣Ӷ彮һΣա
飬ͷǿúġ
ǣĿˣȴʵǲģһͷǿĻսм׷ɱ
ͷܶȶﵽʮ˱ǻеǿһˡ
ԿĻͻᱻ׺ɱˡ
ңͷһӵжʱ֪֮Ĵڣܹ׼ȷĸ֪λá
ȫƣߣʱѾϵĵҩ϶ùˣҪħɢǵעѾ޷
Ѿս
ţҲʱȻܵ˸յУƺһŨһЩϤĸо
ûж룬ѸٴƬǿվ
û֮󣬵ͷ׷ʱƬǿһӾͱ仯һƬյУȻźüͷ񾳽ǿߣһ壡
еĲˣʶ
ݺ¸裿Ҳˣô
عͷȥŮϤӰʱͱˡ
ֱԮ
¸ͺݺ֮⣬л
ܹȻвٶ½񣬵ͷʤҲǿжϵˡ
ǹҪӳԾˣû뵽Ȼȵ㡣ˣڶڸϹˡһΣҪѻش
Ϥ񸡻Ӱһͷ֮䣬ֲʾ˲䱬


1613 ˾
˵õĴС
һʴ¹֮ʵõһδ󱬷ǾҪһδж뷨жʱպǸжӦ
һ彮֮󣬸պ彮Ϊҵʱʱ֣ܹõջ
ڳǰģ
񸡻ڻɽԼ½ݺ¸裡
Уݺ¸ȻǸոմӱչ״̬ȻƬУ׼Ӧ⵹Щϲ벻պʱṲ̊뵽ľ硣
ڻɽʵŮ½ҪǿˣкڻɽܶȶѰߵʮ屶Ǵﵽʮܶȡ
½ʮܶȣҪǿϲ١
ݺ¸ȴʤӵԴƷ˵ݺϵмԴƷ¸ϵĳԴƷһսˡ
Ǹڻɽ϶ûԴƷĴڣϾⶫʲô˶ܹӵеġ
ҪǵʱǸʵʴ¹дԴƷôʵ͵õˣΪһβȻ
ֱ֣ӳͷΧȥһԵʱûʲôᡣ
ΪǵжĿ꣬Ҫɱͷ
ڣͷ˻彮򣬲Ҹ໥ֿһѵᣬô˻ὫɵĻɵԷûôˡ
Ҳ˿
񸡻ڻɽʵǲټϺݺ¸ŮԴƷ֧ԮһսѾͷѹŴˡ
ǳûԭϢпܻᷢսò׼ٵԼָһУҲöࡣ
۲ųеս
һ浹̬ƣ֣ҪѶԷͷǿĻ񳹵׸ɵҲһ򵥵飬رҪעⲻöԷˡ
һ¶öԷˣôһмƻҲǰˡ
һһһڻ˵ͷҪǱɵԻӰ쵽ʵһжȻж
ûͷҵܣ͸ܵӲͬѸٿˡ
һ̳ǰģ˪ˣ½Ǹط߷ս͵һʱϹˣȻ½񣬵ʵҲǼսܹΪѹԷһݡ
οһһ벻ȻҲѾΪ񾳽Ĵڡ
ʥۣ
òʥۣȻ³֣ҶԴһѸٷһ
һʱ֮䣬˴ۣ
ʥԶԶЦŴ˸кȴʱû취˵ʲôֻͶ뵽սУóʥҲֻһ½ֻܶѰߵʮ˪ļ룬һӾ
ȷֹרŸԷܣʣµʹƣʹͷβܼˣܿ뵽˼Ǳ״̬
˸ΧҲʲˡ
⣬Ҳʹڵ彮򣬻Ǵȫô״̬ȻԴ嶼˰ţʱڷʲô顣
ͷ񣬿϶ͺ˾Ԯʱܹܵӻ彮ԭڽ֮еͷٶȳ߷Ϲ
ֻϧ鷢̫ͻȻͷٶȸϹҲѾˡ
Χеͷ񣬺ܿͱ˵ĹƳûҪԱûܹɱҡ֮У壬ѸʧƬǿյС
СкУ漴ͷĻ
ȻԷֻĸ񣬲ҾҪǱΧͷѾɵˣʣͷٸϹҲûʲô̫壬пܰԸҲ
Ҳ˫յжʱһηˡ
壬ΪһεϮ׼̫̫Ķ
ԭһյУȻһȺȫûһȺͬˮһҺ̬ȴͨ͸һ㣬һһԵĴյֳ
ȻһȺ֮ǰƬյУֻͻȻֶѣһ
Ǿ壬壬Ѿˣȴľڽһ̡
ƺǿеľȣ񸡻ЦŶѧԺͨƣǾеʦģҲƬǿеһ壬ֻϧռ˾ĵ̣Ϊܹ壬ػؼ԰ѡˣڵõ˻ᡣ
ԭˣ
֮ǰ˵ǸĳкģѧԺĳЩṩڲ֪ԭǾ塣
ÿһ嶼͸ĺɣʱ˿̴Լʮľ壬˲両ֳͷǿߵ£Ż彮̼ɱ˹ȥ
壬ҲҪĵ壬ӰҲԣϾǱڻ彮ڵ塣
ھ˵ȫ˵Ƶľ֣ҿ˵ˡ
һ𣬷ǣס˳ͷȻͷ㿪ʼ彮ı߽ߣʮľǿߵĹ£Ǳ߽߼ûмֶþ߽⡣
ʮǿߣŻ彮гɱȥʼһҵɱ
˵彮Ե׾š
Ϊһ׼õľ壬ĿʮĴףҲһδײεĴڣѰ׾ţʵҪǿ̫ࡣ
ЩصĻ׾ţûκεĵֿ㱻ѹȥ׳ǿеĳ

ⰲŶһ벻ԼȻһս˵ҲоҪжˣȴû뵽ǻԼжΪͷɵȻʣµͷǣס
Ȼ󣬾ѹû彮߽˷ص״̬
Ȼ彮ѾԭĻٶȳ߷ǰϹҪ֪ǰȫͲ˵ġ
ͷͷ彮֮ȫ񣬶̶ʱڣ㳹׹˻ı߽ϣȻռ˾ȽϽĺüʱմ
Ȼͨ⼸ʱմ󣬾ѸٳŻ彮ǰͷֱһ־׾ţͬŰȥ


1614 Σ
ʥۣô̤񣿡
ʱʱȥ˽һˣΪȵıʥ۵ľ
뵽ģǻ᲻˭ѼƷ֮
ʵ֤ˡ
ʴ¹ʱҽһżлһЩԵ̤֮
ʥһЦ

ɲ˵Цģʴ¹֮ЩƵżѶȣӵ㹻ߵ츳ܴлų˵ͻ磬õĻԵˡ
ʥۣԭǰ嵱еľӢھĽ統бӡԶŴڣ츳Ȼö˵ڰ嵱УѪѳԽаĳԱ
õżĻԵô̤񲢲ǲܵ顣
ݺ¸裬ϲҲ̤ˡ
Եף񱲳˪绹죬ӵһöƷ֮أӦöܹѡһ̤ĲΡ
ʵÿǰǿ
ʱڣǱȲĻԻʱ̣ǧǰܣҲ˵ǿϣ
ؼĻһսۡ
ܹ˳彮ռô壬Լ˵һʤʵ淽棬õĺô
ֻǽ彮ռһ룬ҲһĽ
ĸĵر֮ȵȣһķչǰ;ӰԲС
ǵˣһܵ彮ȥû¡
ݺԹķɵԣ§첲Թ
ôôȻˡ
ٺһЦԴ̤뵽ĲΣҲƬǿյУﵽһƿˣҪûôס
ֻҪһܶȣҲǧѣҪٶһö񻯵֮ͨҪһĻԵС
̤֮ǶԿҲѾ˵ֿ֮޷֮ıɵ򲻹ڵ»ܹġ
УϽͻƵľ磬ʱ򻹵ÿǺӣȥչء
ݺһЦ
ȻѾ̤ʵ˵ǱǿߣǺܹӣûκưĵط
Ҫֻ̤ʱ⣬һȵ̤뵽ľ磬ô½ǿ࣬ȺܶҪǿᣡ
΢ɣȻ˾Ϳʼơ
ǿߣʮ׽彮ȫֻһжѣİ֮£ӻ彮дʱʼѾ׾ţŻ彮߽߽
ȻĽص㣬طǳңԶϾ彮߽߻Ƿǳġ
һЩ͸¶һЩϢͻ壬彮壬ԱͻֶΣӶ
˵ʱ򣬻彮˷ܵ˽һʼڽڲһɱĴ£彮֮УѾ׻
ĻңѾܳʱûгֹˡ
ѾȫԳƵ֮ң
ԣʼڲѾߵľһЩϹ׳
һʵжǿǿж٣ÿǿжǿ壬ǿһͷ񣬱ǻ֮ʣӵжʮ屶ܶȣ
̶ȵǿݺ½񣬶֣Ͼ֮ܶ⣬ߴͨѾȫ񻯣һӵһЩֶΣ似ԴƷȵȣпӵУϾһǿĴڡ
ԴƷĵǶʮܶȡ
һһﵽʮܶȣܹԴƷҪԴƷ͵ߵܶȣһ˵ʮܶȿԶԴƷг죬ԴƣʮܶȵܹԴƷм졣
Ҫ߼ԴƷٵôﵽʮܶȲУĴڣҪ˵彮ƫԶشˣڽ塢ͻеĳУǰĴڡ
嵱Уܹܶȴﵽʮǿߡ
壬ֻһ
õǣУһǿĴڣͬӵжʮ屶ܶȣΪһѾȴãϾʵǿûн̵£ҪչǹӲд
ҪæĻʹʧˣܾ֮ͬǰĹ
壬ǰδеΣ彮ڼл嶼Ա˷Ľ߽߷ǲһһ׾š
һΣʱ򣬾ܹǰδе
ڻ彮ĵЩ壬֣ҲóǿʵŽ߽ǲǿսؾεĻ壬ϰϰĳű߽ɳ
ȻҪĻ
֮Уܹʮҵһɫȫű߽Ͻ
ǿͷǳžķѸٸϹȵϵʱ򣬻彮ѾһǺӵĽ
Ҫ֪彮Ȼ彮ϲ٣ܹҲʮǺӡ
̶ʱڣǺӣڻ˵Ǽ޴ĴؼǣռǺ֮еЩ壬Ϻܹġ
ڿ߾ǺӵУֻһפأڶ뵽ַУʱ˿ڱǣס޷ͷ
£ûκδֵܹסĹơ
ռǺ֮󣬾㿪ʼӪկǺӵķΧ֮ڣùһԼ壬ÿһͨ彮ʱմΧ˼ķ
һлŻʱմг֣Ҵ
ص͵ʱմ󣬲ͷֱأһЩС͵ʱմҪôֱӵˣҪô൱նһĴڣ˺壬ǿͨЩʱմ֣ܹӺܳʱġ
սƻ˵ǰ㹻ˣʩչȫû弸뵽޼ƿʩľء
ʧȥǺӣʱǲõûˣϾޣ彮ҲĽ
ʱ򼸺㳲ֻ彮ڵġ
б塢壬Ҳô˻ᣬͬʱԻ彮˹ƣܹûռһǺӣҲ׬˵ģһǺ֮пɾӵкԴǧڵߣ
彮֮еĻ壬ӳ׷ٲĻûлˡ
ߣؾؾεĻǿߣѡֱӳȥԱһ֮ռܹüͷ֮


1615 һһ˲ɱ
һҵսʼˡ
ֻһͷãӻ彮гͷ񣬴Ӷһмƻܹʵʩ
һʼ͸ɵͷְͷǣס£ʵΪ
иڻǰǿߣҪɵͷҲףʱûʲôֻ˫໥ţ˿ģ񣬺żҪص彮ڲȥæ
ϧǣһκζȰ˱ҲӦжǳǣ
ֻǣƵĻǷ̫Щ
ųһŵӣȴƫƫʱЦһЦ
ͷʵƼ˵ĻܿƴŸͬھûбҪȥðա
񸡻˵
ǿǰ˸񣬰˶ģҪɵԷǺɵġ
˵ʵȻҪЭ֮£Ͼ֮սԷһܶȣЧ£˵ʴ¹еõõĶ֮һˡ
ֻЧȴǲ֪ġ
ݺ¸赹֪ǲûиˣҪǲϾڵֻ߶δ׵ľ磬һСĺܿС
ǰ˸У˶½ܶȶֻʮͨҲ࡭
ڻǿߣɽһֱǺкøеģҲƽ͵ĸĻ½񣬻һͷκһͷĶ֡
Ҳ˵ͷɽ˵ĲֻҪǣסⳡսͱضɹģ˵ʲô⣬ܿӰ쵽ս
õģңȶ֣ҴĸǾʹĸһҪѸٸɵһͺðˡ
ȴ֣ص˵˸ɽ
жֳһЩ֮ɫȶ֣
Ȼܹӻ彮и֮ӳǿ߶Կɲģ𣿡
ڻɽЩɡ
ǰ㻹𣿡
һЦ
ݺ¸赹û˵ʲôȻҪжǸϾˣȻƽʱݺЩִʱ򣬻ǺܹԵġ
ʥҲɻܳʱûмȻ˵彮򣬲ֳ黹ӳ֮Ѿܸˣȴû뵽ȻҪȳЩ֡
Ҫ֪ǿ񰡣
߶δǿǰһСľͻᱻ׸ɵţ
ǰֶΣʥҲЦˣ֮ϣֳ˶ΣѡֵĻ¶Ҫȫˡ
˪ǶЩ棬ѵСڵʵôǿˣ
ǰ֣Ҳһܹ˲ɱһͷȳֵĻܿ⵽ǵķȷҪȥ𣿡
񸡻ɫصʵ
µģһͲκ⡣
֮ƻǺĵġ
һЩȫǰнеģͷͲ֪Ȼ취ܣ̬£͵Ϯ͸׳ɹˡ
֮󣬱ϸ˼һܿ˱Ҫˡ
ûô붯֣ϾԸȣ½꣬Ȼ˿϶˵ˣҲûƴǣ׼ж
ͷûôʱȻ֡
մԽ
ˮϵ̫֮£䲻˲ƵһͷԣȻ޽֮մ
ɭħɵ޽֮գһֻ֣֮˲ͷľ֮ϣͼдݻԴֻϧǣ޽֮㣬޷ԶԷκ˺
е֮Ƶ޽֮յֶΣϮ˲ͷϣǻܶ˲һ룡
ͷӵʮıܶȣһ̣ȫ˲䱻֮Ӱֻʣ߱ܶȡ
֣
˸ûκԥֱӶ֣˴ֶֻܹÿȥԾֶͨͷ޽֮еĻϣ
ûκεķͷҪƣܵޱȿֲĹƣ⹥ƻܶȱһ֮ܵģûа취赲
ķϳſֻһɲǱ㱻׻飬ȻЩƻ֮ͷ˷侫˺˷顣
һͷ
ȥĻ񣬵ǻһľ꣬Ǳ׹ɨһǿԱ֮ɵġ
˾꣬ЩдľܹʱҲʵ̫ˣʱ˿̣ûʲôʱȥͷġ
һʱ䳯һͷ֣޽֮գ
ֶβǿƣе֮ƣȴǿ߼ǿڶζ֮󣬰ĹһϮɽڶͷɵ
ʱ򣬻ʣͷͷӦ˹
һͷᣬһʱ䳯Զƿռϣͼ˲ܣ
һͷֶ֪μǿֱ˵Ķ˿ֲĹƣһĳ籩ʵ壬˷˹
ͬʱһռĵķУҪһԽɱݡ
ϧǣֻ΢̣߶ͨӰ֮飬һ˲Ϊޣ״Ƭʧˣ
޿ռǼǿĿռϣһĳ籩һӾͰ޿ռ飬ϣȻ⾫籩Ѿľ֮ɵĵֵ
ɱ
޽֮յţЯ֮Ƶǿâǻ
һ̣ľƵͷ˲ɵ
ʣһͷȴܵúܿ죬Ѿ˻彮ı߽ˡ
׷ɡ
ʱ񸡻ѾΡ
ɵͷ֮ǰ֮ƾȫ޷ˣһεսİ£ȻԵøӵˡ
񣬰ݺ¸ȼ½񣬷׷׳ͷܵĻ׷ɱȥ
ǰõ֪ͨľǿҲ۷ͷ
ûȥãǻҲûܹĽ֣׸ɵһͷԾ֮ˣþ֮˲١
ž֮Խǿ񣬵õҲǺܶˣҲЩܶȸߵнϺõЧ
ĴڣԷһ¶ԲסʱǲҪȥΪ
սȥսͽǿˣոյõ˲٣Ҫ빮һʵ㣬ҸոǸɵͷ񣬿ǵõСкԺúӶһ


1616 ѪǺ
Ժͱʱܹ޶ȵ
һսضǼҵһսһ߶δ׼ǲУҲ𲻵Եˣ;Ѿ춨˾޴ƣҲûҪ͵С
ʥۡݺ¸Ů뿪˻߽總ս彮ǰС
һεĻսصǿ֮⣬ϾӢǻص彮Ҳտһ˵ʲô͵͵彮ڸƻء
ݺЦ˵ȻҪģҪȥѪǺӿȥҶþûлȥˣδһȥҵ϶ῪĻˡ
ݺ뿪ôãЩ˵ǵȷ
ολȥݺȻѾɾľ磬Իһ˵ϻСк
λսУĹСкȫ͸ǶĽ
Լһڻ彮ƴƴֻ㵽˰öľ̫
СкУгʮöľֵ̫ߣ
̫ȻǸʥۡݺ¸Ůˣľ͸Ѫ
ô˵ѪҲԼŮ˵壬ʵǱǿģպ÷˻սսۣʱռһЩ彮֮ҲҪ˹ȥء
ѪǿԽ࣬ȻͻᱻǲԽ˹ȥԷչһѪǺӵ
ΪʮǺ֮һѪǺӣѪӰѾ˵Ƿǳ޴ˣ嵱Уһͷͳһǿڡ
ȥʴ¹֮ǰźݺȥѪǺӵĻ϶ᱻѪ˸ӣڣѾûʸмˡ
ݺȥѪǺӣ̽ףҲǺݺͷһΰȥܸˡ
ǰʱ򣬻ֻе۾ͳѪ֪ȻڵѪѾ׾ŵľų֮ǰҲǲͬնˡ
ǵãʶݺ֮ǰʶѪүϧС츳ȲϺݺûܹ㣬ǰѧԺ
þûء
ǵɱϵʱ򣬺Ϊ˱Ǹ˲٣Ǹ֮ĽԶںСӣͦ͵ģǰѶԷѵġ
ʥۺ¸Ůʱûʲô飬͸ͺݺһȥѪǺӿˡ
ʽȥѪ˵ʱʥۺ¸øˣ׼ѪǺеһЩʤȥһʱ䣬Ҳǹһ³񾳽Ϊ
֮ǰսĹ̵УЩ½񶼸ܵĲ㣬֮Ӱ죬ǰ˸֣޷һͷɵģͶǵĴеˡ
ԭûгΪʱǿĴڣԼͻƣܹ̤۷壬ڿԶԶ޷һ㡣
ǻܶҪͨûȫ񻯣йûпйûս棬Ҳ붥ࡣ
һ̫ƷǾѵʮ̫ƷεǿߵУֻһ㡣
οǻ֪սֻЩ档
񵤣ⵤҩȵȡ
ǰ˼Ѫ˱Ȼ˵εǿߣƴĻ϶ܶˣͬܶ£ԽǿȻԽǿֲ
ʱĻ϶ҪԶѰǿߵģܶȸпƬгΪǿ֮һ
Ҫ֪ڵĸ棬ѾԽһЩ񾳽ǿߣȵʽ̤ʱѰ
Ҳʥۺ¸ֽȸС
Ȼ̤磬ʵܿͻᱻ
ûã˱ص彮
˪ˣҲûв뵽սȥϾҲֻ½սкˣ˵Ǻܴʧ
Ǳǲص彮ȥأϾǶĳԱ

졣
˱ͨʱմ󵽴彮ĵشѪǺӡ
ǺӣֳѪ֮ɫе֮ԴѪɫģ̺űԴѪɫģԼһЩƵĽϵ̫֮ġ
ѪǺӵУҪ͵򣬲УֻһѪǺģģڻ彮ڼ
ֻǣ彮֮ڣһǺкüľ򣬿ɼ̸Ҫ˲ٵġ
Ҫһһ彮ʴ¹֮屬Ϻ;֣һ𣬶ܶԻʲô⡣
οһεĻս˱ͻ
Ȼͱ֮䣬ûʲô˹ϵ˫ֻͬһĿ꣬ҪűĽռĵ̣ս巢ģͻֻǳûٰˡ
ң˵廹໥ԿûʲôܹԤϵõˣⳡսûʱ϶ǲġ
ҪһͺǿƵ壬ʲô׵飬Ǵ󣬿»嶼ױӦûǻһΧǺӵУסռ䡣
Ҫ壬ѶȺܴ
Ȼ;Ŀ꣬Ҳ壬ҪҪȰѵ֣Ļܹӵиķչռ䣬˳֮£һܹ峹ֻҪ嵱вһЩڵĻ
ѪǺӣþûл
վǺѪϣݺĵ˸µչֵ쾡£ò·˲Ŀ
߳ʱմ§סϸ̤ѪϣѪʳǵĽֵϡ
ѪʳǵУֻһѪˣʣһ붼طޣҲڣѪʳǵУ϶Ǻżġ
˵Ѿã֮仹ŲͬĻ滷Ҫںһûôס
˵ѰѪŮ޿޵ĻΪѪ幫ĺݺܹĿԾ췽ҹ̷ϧվǷˣʵ֤ݺ۹⡣
ĻݺܹѧԺҲô̤뵽ĲΡ
úݺԼȼ֮൱⡣
߰ɣȥҵǡ
ݺЦŴѪʳǵĹ
֮ڹΪʱˣҪʴ¹֮ǰֵܻò죬ʴ¹֮󣬾ǽŵʱ䣬ûʱ
ںòеɵʱ䣬ץʱ鶨˵


1617 
ʥۺ¸Ѿ˷ֿˡ
ݺֱѪʳǵĹȥ
Ѫһ幫ݺȻһˣѪǺӽ֮ڴ÷зˣںݺڻһӾ˴ţ
ܹѪʳǵ壬ԿǿˣǴ׾ߣ洦ɼ
Щߣһ붼ѪˣȻһӾϳ˺ݺݡ
Щߵݣûʲôʸڨ·ֻܵ뿪֮ںͷʼ׷
ⲻǹݺܳȥôãڲڻ˰
꣡ûоϵϢȻϢΪѾԶԶԽ˴ǰ
һҪǿ
ʲô߶δ׵ǿˣȻ㻹ǿѲɣѾĴˣ
ôͻƵģ˵һʴ¹˲½񣬵Ҳֻп֮һѡԻ󡣡
۷׷ף˿֪ݺѾ̤뵽ľ硣
εϢȫѰܹ֪ˣѰܳʱڵһĻôϢ»ᴫ彮Ҳ⡣
ڣ½ʵ̫ˣһ̿ʼ˶ԻļսĳЩϢǲô촫Ѱ߶ġ
Ͼ֮ǰһЩ飬ȷûǱĽд̽ϢһЩսԵϢҪ˵ѰˣѪĻ壬֪ġ
ؼǣѪȻʵȴҲκһ񣬿˵ݺͷһǿߡ
ԣͺݺûдʲô̫𺳵ϢݺѾ̤ʴ¹´󹦣󻹽˻սĿʼȵȡ
ЩϢ˵ѪǺӣû֪ġ
˵ͺݺȫĻģϾǵʱ䲻࣬ʵѾˡ
ʲôݵλֻҪݺ̤뵽ĲΣΪѡ񣬾ȫܹŵ˵ˣﶼӰ쵽ľ
֮ǰһֱûл±ԣϾѪĻʷУ廹΢ЩųģͨûзѪĻ嵱С
Ĳ˵ѪѪΪһһͨ飬ô󱲾ͲѪĻˡ
ˡ
ܿ죬ͺݺ˱ЯѪڵĻʹ
һѪɫĺΰѰʿ˵һӶԽȻãУĹ㲻ʲôҪ֪Ǽʶ幬ʴ¹ΰĽ
һѪɫѪʹѾȫ޷ʲôӰˡ
߰ɡ
ʹǰѪǿصģѪ幫ݺ֮󣬶ֻԵĿһƣ˹С
˽֮ػʹѪǿ߻̲ס
λǹѡ𣿻ĺʹһǸ壡
壬Ҳͨ壬ȻΪ϶ǱҪǿġ
ǿΣλǹ£˵ΪǿգˣܿҪдųˡ
ôʲôǵĲΣҲĺϷ
˵»ƯҪȢ£ⱲӶûźˡ
ƾ㣿ٺ٣ô幫Ӷ׷󲻵£ĻǱ˼ˣúŹ֮Űɣ

˵Ϊĺ𣿡
ݺЩȤζ뵽
ϢֻѧԺ֮彮򣬾Բ֪ҪѡΪĻûܿó
޷ɡ
΢΢һЦ
ںݺĽò޲ɣպÿԿѪһ嵱еʵҪǺݺΪĻѪ˺䶯ˡ
Ǿ߰ɣǵúúñ֣ϻúýģ
ݺ§첲¶ر˵ЦݣʱЩ̲סˣϧڲǳ嶯ʱֻ
ʰ㡣
ݺݵ˵š
ܿ˱߹ǰѪ幬شʱ򣬱һȺͨʾѪһĵۻѾȺö˸Ͻȥ
ͨϢȺѪ廤ʱжһֳ޵飬ȻȻĹ·ǳĲ
ȴǶЩӵȫӡ
ЩдЩֻ飬һƣѪһĵۻʶ׼һЩöǲ֪ҪôԸأ
ҡҡͷûж룬ôĵطͺݺǲҪµġ
֪ˣǹȥɡ
ݺĶȺѪ廤˵ţȻ͸ڶԷ󣬸һһ·Ѫʹȥ
ںݺӡУѪʹһֱµĵطӭĻ϶ѡӭԺݺѾ²⵽ԼϵվǶݲԴһЩš
δ⣬ֱӸǰ
֮ѡʱΪڣݺ񣬹ƾڵһ˵ʵȫ԰ѪǺӻˣûκֹܹ
ȻҲݺϵĲȫʵ⣬Ѫͳ⣬һ㣬ںݺѡʱ֮ˡ
һô֮󣬺ݺǾԲܷģȥѪꡭȫ˵ûκεĿԡ
Ѫ廤£ܿ㵽Ѫʹſڡ
£
ͷδȥ
۾ȻֻſڣƾԽʶ֪Ѿп˵ǿƼ
ǲ֮ǰڻ彮ӶЩʱҲûЩϴôǿߣ߶δ׵ǿߣо
Щ߶δ׵ǿߵУһѪǿߣҲһѪţ¾źݺ֮󣬲ŻоۼҪʲôҲǲµˡ
Ҫһ
ԭԣ˵彮ɳһЩ飬ѽ֮༸׷ɱˣѪɲС塣
彮УѪܹǰʮĴ壡
ܹѪһռһǺӣ壬ҲǸһͳһǺӵģѪʵҪࡣ
ͺݺö֮Я̤Ѫʹ
ʣһˡ
ݺ˵һȻܹ֮ǧѪǿߣһ̷׷׽ĿȫͶ˹ǼںݺϣΪû˻ġ


1618 
ѪʹеһյС
Ǻݺˣûио˿ѹһһŲӳ˽ȥ
ֻлЩΣͺݺΪòƺװƵɣ
ô˵ݺ˾ͺá
ϾݺܿϵѹȷСںò޳˵ҪϷŪһЩѪĽҲǺ뷨ˡ
ͣͣͣ£
̤֮󣬻ûϼһѪ꣬һֺ̤˳
Ѫ꣬һδ׵ߣʵǻҲѪȣҪһЩ
Ҫ֪ѪǺݺĸ磬ѪӣСõԴΪḻģȲǰѪ꣬ɼ츳ʵס
ѪʮĶӣС֡ʮѪ嵱Уһ֮ͳѪǺ֮벻쾹ȻӸϹˡ
ݺ˿ûй˼ɣЦһЦ֮ܵ˵
ţˣã֡
Цţ˵ͷʲô𣿡
µ̸ЦԼһδ׵ţȻ治ɫĲܵĽֶʱĿڻ
ˣ˵֮ϣҸʲ˵Ļֲָָ㡭죬ȻҸĬˡ
ݺ˽ﳯûκü
ʱ򣬺ݺ̧ͷҲľͷѪɫϻû˭ţȻѪĵۻʻûй
£ҪЩǴôѪۻʾֱӸϹˣбĻôѪۻҲٿڸԼŮֱ
£վô³ç
һжûʲôġ
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һУֲǿͨϾֻһδ׵ľ磬Ҳֱӳְˡ
һϣ˲佫ûΧ˶סˡ
СӣûʩչκηֶΣ
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ǲһԵĹ£ݺȴֺݺȫһģûһ˿һĵ֮ɫ
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һ̣Ѫɫӳɢȥ
˵УϴζЦݣֶξͲҪó˰ɣóȫҪȻһоĹҧء
Ļû˿ţȻûκζϢû֣ǽƾ㽫һιƵֵ
׺ɫûбƻֺǴʴ¹֮ΪرƵһ·ֻܹҪ·Ͳ𣬿˵ʵͦǿһֶ
ԣʱɫͨ죬ݺݵ˵Ϊս²֪öһŪˣý
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֣Ȼȫȫˣʲô飬ҲΡ
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ǸС
ǵֲֵɵ
קʲôק
£
ǲͷԺݺѯһ
ȥȥɣô档
ݺǺĵЦ


1619 ͻ¼
õ˺ݺ׿ϣֱ˵ͷ
ɫУҲֳһĨأΪӸոյһԼݺǿſСӾԲô׶Ըˡ
ոһȥͿԿ϶ʵҪȻôһһ˶ûУ
ǿȳǿƵһδ׾Ԩǿߣõһ㡣
Կ϶ΪȻˣ׼ȫԸˡ
ҵ̫Ʒ
һ̧֣öѪɫӳǰ͸Ѫɱ⡣
öѪɫӣڿռ໥໥ƣγһѪɫųƺѾ־ѵ˵صĲΣǲˡ
ǸѧԺеѧԱȣֶ˺ܶ࣬ϧǣֲ֪֮ǰľǴѧԺҳԽѧԱĴڡ

һȣĶͷϾȻֳ˵۾۾ֳѪ֮ɫһֱĻһ֮ࡣ
óһֶΣӦڰ˼ѪⵤҩٳģȻֻһĻʤڲûʲôΣİ˼Ѫÿδ߶˵С硣
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óڵִóȫʵˡ
Ѫ
һѪɫ˫ֱѪĲͬѪɫ֮⣬Ѫ幹컹رƵġ
Ѫɫ˫չֳֵ֮Ļһﵽʼʱ֮ࡣ
ʱ㿪ʼ߶öѪɫӣҲ̫Ʒʩչʩչǿһ߲ѵľѼѪ裡
öѪɫӣʱͬҹеǳһ㣬Ѫɫâ
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Сӣƺû׼ӣ
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˵Ѫ䡢֣Ѫеĳţôɽߣ˵Ѫе۷ţ˵ɽߴ˵츳ڽҲֻкݺһܹᲢۡ
ڶѪǿУɽ߽ҲܹпܳĴڣֻϧǲ֪ǣݺɽߵ츳ߣİæڽ̤뵽
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ڵɽѾ߶δ۷壬ͨ似ս棬ıȱ߶δǿ߸ǿĳЩһǿߣѾɽߵĶˡ
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ڵֻǱȺݺ˼ˣҪȻĻĴˡ
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ɽϣ¶ĪЦݣЦʵ
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Ǳˡ
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ϾǺݺѡˣɽ߶Ƿǳӵģһʼֿ֪϶Ƕֻ֣û뵽ôңκֶζûбȳ
ɽŽż⣬Ųӣڳȥǲ֡
Ȼ˵ˣԼֻǷǾͲܳ͵ϮֻܵȴŶԷ֡
ȥĻһѹûУʤǱȻ飬ֻҪúݺĸ׿ԼǿϺݺ
ɽ߻ڹ۲֮㴫һ档
棡ѪǺӳһȺ壬ͨʱӣ򱻳׻𣡡
洫ʱѪʹ

ӣ
Ѿ򱻻ˣ
ʱ˭
дֻ´ˣеĻȥ壬Ҳң
ɽһ٣ųǿҵĳ֮ɫȻЩȫģѪ¶ɫ
²˳٣Ͻ߰ɡ
ȴûɽߡ
ȻѪǺӣ֪ⳡʹе־Ǽȥˣźݺ˵ͷһʱǰ§סȻ˸ֱӵʱմ
⡭ôܣ
ʹеһȺѪ壬״׷ѪϿһռεϣô׵ľ˲ˣ
еǰڿɲʱ
ˣ汾ʳ
һֱ֮ѪۻʣҲǺݺĸףҲ̷ɵѪʹϿգڶѪǿߣ
ȻϮΪѪǺӵػߣԲܹ޶Ҫʱ䵽ǰ֧ԮУڴ֮ǰ뱣֤ѪǺСʧ


1620 巴
˭Ҳû뵽Σʱ򣬾Ȼŷ塣
ҿѪǺӣȻǿûôϹȥ
źݺ˲ƵѪϵʱմ΢˿
ţӣѪһʧҲܲˡ
ݺɫ
֪ʥۺ¸ȥʲôطˣӦҲõϢɣ
üͷ΢塣
ڻ֪˼ͷƾݺĻ˵Ƕ֣ʥۺ¸Ļ;㹻ˡ
ϵǰɣ
ݺصĵ˵ͷȻϵҪһЩʱ䣬ø⵽ܱǹȥɵúãĻʧӲء
á
Ҳôġ
ͨʱմ˺ܿ쵽ѪǺһȽƫԶľһֱǳ𱬵ʤأ壬彮ߣԸġ
һƬǻƵǿա
߿Ѫɫ֮ԴȻЩȴΪ߸֮Դۼһ𣬶ñǳ߿֮Դ룬һƫԶ
Ȼ߿֮ԴƣƫԶ򣬲ûкŨԴ֮Щ֮Դת֮ߣ쳣ߡ
ֻεߣŻط߿Ѫɫ֮Դۼһ쾰ۡ
֮ǰʥۺ¸ĵһεص㣬ǡ
ܿ죬ͺݺ̤ǵĻأƬϣǷ羰Ĺ۾ｨ˹۾㣬οշѡ
Ҳ൱ġ
ǡ
ݺ˵⻰֮˲ӵϣ̤񾳽֮󣬽ƾܹ֮ϵһûʲôܹӵó̽
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ݺܿ쵽ϵһĹ۾ڵοͶǳ࣬ʥۺ¸ŮΪԴȹ۾ڵˣš
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š
¸ʥһ֪̾ԣԵ˵ͷŮһȥɵЩ
ͷֻҪסܵȵǿ߸ϵĻʤվǵġ
˵Ļϲδ̫ʱ䣬ܿ죬ͼͨʱմ󣬳ŻƬǺӷλ͹ȥ

ͬʱѪĻ壬Լ죬Ѿȫʾ
ѪǺӣܹѪһػͳڣôױ˸ɵģڣһʱҲûġ
ͬʱߵٶȴ˳ȥϢܿʹ˾Ǻ֮һǿߡ
ǿߣӵʮ߱ܶȵǿߣһֱ֮һѪǺӱ룬ȻǲţԼžţٶȳŻ뷽
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ȵĻǾȽϽѪһĻ壬ԼѪĽ졣
ʱ˿̣Ѿռ죬ϵ壬˵Ѿ˵ݰˣܾȵû
Ϊ˷ֹʧ󻯣ΧʱմѾȫռĵ̣գΧʱմ󣬽κλ֡
ˣҲΪյġ
Ҫ֪Էǿߴӣ
ֻǰУͨʱմҪһ򣬿ҲֻҪһʱѡ
ʱ̾磬κεطͨ
ѪһĵۻʣҲǺݺĸף찁ͳ˧׾ţԴӣ˾뱻һϣѾ˽ս׼
Ȼûа취ɵȴҲа취һʱġ
׾ţѪһ˵ѾǼˣѪǺ֮Уפŵǿս
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˵ǲܵģֻܹƾԼܾ֮ǰ׼õԶŷ󣬲ܹһЩĴڡ
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찁ǱȽ򶨵ģϾѪһĵۻʣֳ棬ǰҲûоԹģͷͺ¡
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Ѫսʿûȥսģûм壬ֻ˵ս˺ܶ࣬ܿ£ڶ׷׽
ռأ·һ˵ͷ찁Ȼ򶨣ʵҲǱü졣
Ѫ壬ӵһʮ˽ѾԾţֱΧϣڸԶʱմͷȫ֮󣬶ԷĽֻ֮һ
˷յУҲѾȫ޵˵赲ǰȴܹһʱ䷢ֶԷǰ
çܹ
ʱ򣬺ܿʮķϢʱø֮һ
ȥԮ
ɽߵõϢ֮̾ʱʱմͷ󣬽Լ׾Ŵ˸İçϡ
մʱմг˼ҵϮΪŽȵĿЩʱմֻҪЩʱմ󣬾ܹĽ͵ǰ
ս
ɽûκԥȫѪɫıɢһ˫Ѫɫչ˿ɱûĻŵС
һѪɫ⣬ɽߵȫ¶סԸĽʵϣѪԻսǱȽϳԿģΪѪԾĹֶβࡣ
ڣɽ߱Ǿֶ߱Σһʱɱ˺üͷѰؾĻųԱ
ɽľžͺܲˡ
һ棬ӰΣȽΣԷ֣һ淢ˣҲѽ䳹׻ɱԴˣɽߵǽԼ׾±ӡ
ÿСӵУҪһܹĴڣ;Χ
İ֮£ɽ׾ʧǲ󣬶ҺܿͽʱմͷĻɾ嵽ͷ
ʱɽ߲֪ԣȻһͷԴӹڶ͹ʮ˸ֲס


1621 񱬷
פϵģʮ֮⣬ʮ彫߽յϢ֮ɽߺҲͨʱմ˹
ϣܹгʮ׾ţһ߽Ĵ׾ţҪսһ׾ٱȵ׾š
Ǵ׾ţǣͷǿߣļ׾ţǸѪ׾Ŵûȡ
çϴõķ󣬴ʱ˿Ҳȫλ߽Ĵ׾£ǿͷǿ߸סˡ
⻹ΪͷʵǺǿֻһոճΪ񲻾õĴڣܶȴֻʮһʮҡ
Ȼֶܶһ˵ǲ֪ģΪûбҪ֪
֪ˣ޷ͻƵ񾳽ĻҲɴ뵽ʲô취ԿģͬʨǻԶ֣ţվֻһ
çΧķǺܾǰµģȻʱѾãܹǿסͷ
ڰçϣպһΪçǵʷȽƾãҪȽ¿򣬾ûķˣҪ÷󣬿ķǳ飬Һܿܳɰǧ궼òϣȫ˷ѡ
嵱У٣ôܹ࣬ӵƷ򣬲ʮ
ҪĻçǿͱͷˣڵȶӦܹ㹻ʱ˰ѻ׾һ顣
ֻǣͷô
Ҫնɱͷ񣬶Ѫ˵ǲܵ飬ԶŷǿסˣҲ̫ãȵǻԻڶʱݡ
ܹ϶þ϶ðɣڵİ취ֻܵȴǿ߹æˡ
çϣǲҵսⳡսȴǲѪģΪĹǾ귽ĹеѪֱӾˣ˿
屾ҲǸûģ㱻ɱҲֱɢʲô£ֻһ㾫кǵСк
Ҫֲסˣ
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γ룬ûһ׾ŵõģⳡݵĽ浱УʧٵѪ׾Ŷһǧˣʧȥ˾ʬ屻սߡ
ɽԼ׾֮ʱȴǰϺҪȵԼȫ֮뿪
ʱȴϤӰӴİ׹г֣Ҿֱ֮ϣԶŷش˹ȥ
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ͨǿߵרûдﵽĴڣҪӵͨǲܵģȫһ⡣
ҲʱͷڳԶŷһֲҵľΧӿ̳ѹõ֮䱬ҪΧѪսʿȫɵ
ǣһһӰֳž޴ĺڰͼڣǻǿߵΧȻЩͼбǿҵͷųľȫȫɵͼڵȥ
ڽӴԷһɲǣԷܶȱѾһ룬Ȼͨͨںľϵ̫Ծǿʮֹ
ͼ򣬾ǻĵһ׵ֵ
һĻûϵѪˣ׷Ŀɿڴ
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Ǿǹµ˰
߽һ˺һϸųУԸκһ˲սϸڡ

ţ˫һ󣬳ܹ߸ͼڳڵĵطײ˹ȥȻ׷׳ױ鿪ֲľһϮ򣬽ǻ񳹵
ǻԼԾĳǺǿġ
ϧǣվȻܶһ룬Ҫɵֻ˵̫Щ
ľϢһ̱ǾƵз˳ת˲ͷ
ˣ
һɭȻֲǻ񱳺һӰֶ֣ͨɵֱۣȻڵƬռֳ˾Ÿ֡
Ȼεľֱ۾Ȼǿռ˺ѿ˾ŸռƬ
⻹һʵǿԿǰǸѣûʲô̫ѹڣŸоԷĹƼƵ
ڿռ䱻ֳ˾ŸƬֻüؼʱ̣Լħ֮ģħ֮ûби
ţ˲ѳ˾ſ飬յгѿ
ˡ𣿡
ɽߡ߽ˣ׷׾ֵųУиռƬֶΣǵδţµ˶ôǿˣȻǱһɱˣ
£ȥ
ɽһۿ˺ݺʱ
ոպݺûаΪڻ˳ˣڲ˶˵˰ȫشٲֶԸͷĻɾҪıɵˡ
ʱ˿̣߽ɽߣоҪѳӡ
ݺ˲ƵƬյ֮һ̣ͬϢȴǶȻų
Ѫɫ˫չһ޴˫Ӱıͨ
һ̣çϷ·𶼱ȾѪ֮ɫݺصѪħ
ΧѪսʿȫˡ
ǵĹ¾ȻҲǡ


1622 յ
ѪɫĻͷڵ೹װΧ
ţݺ޴˫Ӱ۳ѪɫޣһŻڵĵطȻ䡣
ͷѾʱڣܶȱһ룬ֻܶȣݺȻֻ½񣬵Ҳʮܶȡ
ʱ˿̣ľϵ̫ͨһѪɫޣһѪɫ˻ľ֮ϣһδβص˺
ռָ˼ֵǳʱ䣬ֱ
ʱ䣬ȫܳſռѱֽ⿪İ˸ƬȴȻڿռ䵱УԼЩơ
һ̧֣Ὣпռ֣Ȼ󱬷Ƭдݻˡ
ԼԼֻڵĸоʵǺܲãҲԼƬͷ
̼֮Ըͷ
ڿɲ֮ǰ
֮ǰаһһֱ֣ܽɵȴֻкݺһˣȻںݺܶѾͷҪԷɱǺѵġ
ҪǣݺԾֶֻһͨͨԻû̫ЧûҪá
£Щ֡
ġ޽֮գ
ԶԶʩչ޾Ʒ似Ļһֻ֣֮ǻڣӰ죬ڷնԷһ˲ͬʱʼɢȥ
ĵЧ
ȻֻʾģȻֻ߶δ׶õֶΣͷоǳá
ҪȰɵΪˣĹܶȵЧɵĻԲǺݺĶ֣
ʱΧҲѾˡ
ǲû뵽ѪĹ¾Ȼһ񾳽ǿߣû뵽ǹµ˾Ȼն˾Ŷλܸ
óǿ
ԵĿǿߵĹ߶δ׵ˣȻֵסˣҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ҵֵס֮󣬻ûߣǼǻս
ɽһԿţɿЦ
ףѪУ͹ôԸˣԭǵʵѾﵽĵز
ͬʱɽҲоʵ̫ȤζˣΪҪѪһЦ
˵¶Ѿ̤񾳽磬ǳΪѪĵۻʣκ
һµĻ˵˻ʵĹۣվͬһ࣬Ѫ֮䡭
ɽ߻Ǿã䲻Ϻݺ
Ҫ֪ںݺﵽ񣬶أǸ߶δף˵һӶ޷̤ˣǸ壬ôѪǿĹ£
ɽûа취˵ʲôеս伤ңЩͷֻһͱеļս
߽Ҳһ졣
߽߶δ۷Ĵڣ޾似ʵһжȽǿģҲǰʴ¹򣬵ϧûܵõʲô̫õĶΣգնյ뿪ˡ
߽ĹǱȽϸٹ̡
ӵǣҲܸߵһ𣬱ϾǸ尡
ųУս֮УϺݺǽͷ񳹵ѹסˣǻҪɵȴ϶㿪кݺҽûû̫õĻᡣ
ڳֵĳ棬ͺݺҪġ
֣ζŶԷпܺоԮǾܹԷһˡ
ԷϾûʱմԶã֧ԮϹȽѡ
ͺݺǣסͷԼһ֮ԶڴǿߵϢǻͷǿߣڵˣ
Ҫĸɵݺͷİ취֣Ѻݺɵ֮󣬾̵ͷ뿪Ͼ帹أʱȥĻ϶
ȴ֪ͺݺӪ塣
ǳˡ
ԶԶܵͷϢԶյѸٷ
ţʥۣ¸裬׼
ݺϢҲͨݵ˲Զ׼С

ͷ񣡡
ڰçϣδ˵ѪԱʱ˿һȫɫҡ
ǻΪԼ±¶ʵ϶ܹԷιƴˣȴû뵽徹Ȼͷµ񣬲ҺܿҪϵսˡ
Ըһͷ˼ѣǶԸͷ񣬹¿ǳܲסɣ
£
ɽæһͷ֧Ԯǻȳ˰ɣǰ֮һԸҲ٣
߽Ҳһ뿪çǣ׼£Ҳһˣ
òѪ˸߽ˣҪݺˡ
ϧȻǺ⣬ͺݺȴд㣬ܾ˵ġ
Ȼˣʱɵˡ
ԶԶԺݺ˵ͷȻһ̧֣Ѹʾͨķʽͷųһڵľ֮֮ڳֱ֮ͷĶ߰˱
ݺȴǴʱټӰ췶Χ֮⣡
͵Ѫɫ˫ӰںݺһθֳȻѪɫĺȻѪɫޣ˻ľ֮ϣ
һλ񱻾֮Ӱ죬ʲô걻״飬Ѫɫи˳ǧƬ
̣
ȭͷ֮˲£ǱɱĻ˽ȥȻЧѾǿһֱȥĻ֮϶ǻõġ
ʱ־֮ʱټЧûôǿ󣬱ȶԸ˵ʱҪһЩ
Ͼֻ߶δ׵Ϊþ֮ȫЧӳ
ڸɵһͷ֮ͷĻ֪Ҫתˣʱôܳ˵ˣ
ͺݺֳĽֳòͷǸܷζԷ뿪
ȥһһɱ֡һԽиԷܶȡ
ͷոպˣŮӵӰƬյУһ̧֣ʥ֮ƬյУƬյĿռȫס
ʥ۵һͨʥܹԹĵգƬжճĹֶ֮Σľ֮ƿΪĿռռġ
ĿռֶΣͷһȻǾͳʧȥ˳˵Ļᡣ
֮֡޽֮գ
۳һħȻ˲ƵƬյУʩչһСֶΡ


1623 ׷ɱ
ڵľӰһɭȻ׹ֱۣյкȻһͷϣûнס̺֮ȴǻܶ⵽
һͷ侫֮УȻһģ̺֮ƹ֮ͬܶʹѲʥ۵ʥռ䡣
Ȼʥۡ¸ͺݺһһͷܶԭʮĻΧ
һͷԭʮıܶȣȴǱס֮򡢾֮֡ͼڡʮΡȵȸֶβϺҪǱž֮򣬾ͷһʱ֮޷ﵽԼͬ顣
񡭡Ȼô᣿û
ЩѪսʿûüأһαе𾪵ˡ
ۿ¸ʥ۳֣׵ĸܵŮΪǸݺһ񾳽磬Ůǰû˵񣬸˵ˡ
½񣡾˵һεʴ¹򣬳˲½ֻǻûü֪֮ͨеÿطڻ֪
Ӧˣطӿֳ½񡭡ŮӣҲһԱɡ
£ʥۻһ䣬ɫâ˱㻯ޱ塣
һֻѩ׾д䱳ǳһѩ׾Ӱʩչͨģ
ǰģһ츳ĺǸеİҺʧٺܾˡ
ʧ٣Ϊ˰ɣ
ƺ빫µҲܵĹϵ
òᣬ˽̤ɣ
пܣҿֹܻ㿴Ǹ½񡭡ǸǹϵܣôܵһʱĽУ
˵Ȼ¸衣
ЩѪսʿоȻ˸ӣһͼǿĻӡ߶δ׵ΪݵӾȻҲ̫ǿЩɣ
˵ѡӣӵ̤񾳽츳
⿴˵۹Ҳ̫׼˵㡭
ڳת֮ȺѪսʿǾûôˣ𾪹ۿһͷѾɵ֪ӦûˣϾʣµ
ǿսеãʶİˣ˸ˡ
߽ųУ½ʶսƺѾãϵҲܲӣиӷˡ
;һ߶δ׵䲻ѪĹ£ھ͸òˡ
ºһҪ½ɡ
ںݺ񾳽ǿߣҲǰ˵ʲô˵ʲôˣȻЩǲܶ˵Ҳֻ΢һ£ݺķӦ˵
ԣ߽ż

սеˣɲ֪ЩѪսʿĺ˼롣
ѵһͷ񣬶һͷܶȼ֮󣬱Ů򣬸ġ񹥻ֶΡͨ׷ϯ
ݺ¸趼õʴ¹дĳԴƷԻȴû̫ãֻܶԼĿԶԾ˺ֶΡ
ԸһܶȵĻ񣬾ŹһСѣȻ鷳վǽ䳹׸ɵˣ궼ѳƬеʶ
֮һκԥĽɵˣȻʣµľ겻൫ʤޣ֮󣬼ϸոͷɵĻþ֮ʱټЧ˾ű
ʣͷͺðˡ
˻ûӦǻ㶸ȻһֶΣֶγ֣һȦȦƳΧ˳ȥ
ó׼ˣһбһƱ˲Զ˳еʥȻŻıӴ˳ȥ
һֱľ֮Ӱ췶Χڣʩչһ˲ʱ䣬վǸӳȥˡ
ͷӦһͷˣͨʱǲ׷ȥΣ
ݺ۾һͷǳˬҪ׷ɱȥ
û⡣
һ˵ţһ߰ѸոͷСкӦвľ̫߻һЩƵҩսϣһļֵģϾǿߵСк
ȻݺͿʼ߶֮
Ѫһеط̤뵽εľ֮ЧѰߵĻ¶ԷԶ彮ڶʱݳ
ͷܵĻλãҪѵʱҲҪ̫á
֮طݺʴ¹֮󣬾ʹڸˣ˵ѪĲ֮أԺݺ˵ܵˡ
ôöֶζˣҲһֶϵģôܲҴţ
֮ǰһʱһֱʱûȥСѪ㡱ط
ݺݵʱʥۺ¸ԡ
û°ɣ
ʥ۹еһ䡣
Ͼֻ߶δ׵ΪҸոնһ˵ֵ˻ôʱ䣬ʥۻǱȽϹĵġ
û£ȥҪ׷ɱʱĻһҪСһЩ˵ϸĻ񡣡
֣ѵȻڻ彮ҽָĻһס帲ٶȾͻ졣ôʱһҪ׷ȥġ
ڵѰĻҲеֿˡ
ң뵱һνʱͷʱʱֻǰɪɪбʥʱ䣬Ǵεʱˡ
УǴεľУɱ̫Ʒ
ʱ㹻Ļһ̫¯ͦڴģٳһΣҲһʹΪ̫Ʒ
Ļӵ̫ƷȫѵʮĻܹսܴһصġ
ֻϧ̫ƷҪѶʵ̫ˡ
Ͼս߼ԴƷۺϹܶҪʤһġ
ڴݺܿݵͷڵء
Ȼ㽫ŮС磬дǣһ·Ƿ˲ƹȥմԽٶȣŮٶȻҪ˲٣ҲֻմԽܹ׷ͷӴܵĻˡ
һ˲֮䣬˵ӰӰçϿʧˡ
Ѫ߽ɽ߻Ѫսʿǣ׷׶ЩδһΣ
Ѫ彮ĻͷѾǺܶ˰ɣһε幥ƣǾº߽ˡ
ϢܿʹѪһĵۻʣ찁
źݺȻ̤뵽ľ֮˶ʱϲѪڳһˣ


1624 
һ˵һܹһǾʹ彫ˡ
壬һ񸡻彮Уǰǿ壬кڻɽȵȡ
£ֽ׶ʵǿģ߸塣
Ѫһ徹Ȼһ񣬺ȻѪһ彫üۺʵԴǽ򶼻õ
壬ֱͳǺӣ彮ΪĵǺӣӵܱøǿѾǿ
壬֮ĵȵȣӵǿߵĲ֯վҪԴϵõһЩƵģҲڵõϢ֮Ѫһۻʺ찁ϲ֮
ȻǷԴʱ
˵սеĺ˳ʱӦڻ彮ͷøĽԴ
ں찁ԣ۾˵
Դ䣬
찁ȴҡҡͷŮӦûΪȡһЩᣬٲò
صۻʣ츳֮ŮȻѪѪͳ
ѪЦ
ҵп̤ľ磬ȴû뵽ô졣
찁̾˿Ǹ壬߶δװɣҪ̤񣬲һһϦ£ܿһӶ޷̤롣
˵ͷҿӦѰһѪе꿡ܣɻ飬պµñضҲ츳˵ܳһ񡣡
Թͬɻ飬񣬸ˣа˵żΪֹŵ֮ţĶʢ֧
εĴڣҪͲף˵֮ͬ䡣ǹСӳɻ飬¡
˵˼Ѿˡ
ţⳡս۽֮󣬶ҪúȰȰ
찁˵ͷһҪСһҲⰲżſɻ顣ӵжżʵˡ

Ѫۻʺ찁ѪЩʱǲ֪ͺݺ֮Ĺϵ
ǵȻ֪ݺܹô̤뵽ΣΪʴ¹дļƷ֮İȻҪҲǺݺԼ츳
ҪǼƷ֮Ѫܹ˳̤񾳽ľʮ
Ĺϵ£찁Ҫúݺ˵ȥѪԣǲܵ飬һһŮӣûк˵Ҳûʲô
Ǿܱľˡ
Ҫ֪һֱڶûиŮӺùںݺ˵лǺܸжģϲ˵֪ǺӵУܶŮӶϲ
ԸĻӵұˣҲûа취ֹ
ȻҪŮ˵ĻݺҲر𷴸УҪԷ˭ˡ
ݺ֪֮ĽϣǺѵģѡһֱڣǺܺãûһ˿һи
ʱ˿̣ŮѾ׷˻ųֵǸʱ
߲ʹâУͨ彮ڲʱʱ򣬴ʱѱ׾źʹ׾һռݡ
ԭϵѪԱ϶ѾȫɵˣһڶûС
ˣ
ΪѪĹ£ݺʱ˿ǻŭۿȻʼ壬֪һӣѪ˿¶ǧڡ
Ҫ֪ϵģ϶ؾĴڣؾѪǿСУͬҲѪ顣
ϣסԼңСе飬˾ͼˣҪ֪ЩؾǿߵСУҲпܵ츳ǿߣȻѡġ
ɱ
Ҳûκԥֱӳʱг˽ȥ
һͷӴܵĻǿߣʱ˿ѾʱУü׾ʱڴʱ䣬ߡ
Ͼ׷ɱǿߣȻȫ½񣬵֮ЧֻҪסǱɵˡ
ϧûȥǼ׾ţȻǼ׾ڳв˿ռϣľ֮ͨһֱӾͽǿռϸ߽⴩͸
ȻһմԽŮ뵽ʱС
ǵҪĿҪɱͷȻʱдڵĻ׾š׾ȫɾ
ʱ֮󣬾㶯մԽˣʱУռļңմԽóʱԶʱ޷ȷ׼ȷ˲λãûбҪˣпܴ͵ʱԵ֮ȥ
˵ڵ϶Ѿˣ˲Ƴȥ˻Ǻ鷳ġ
ɴͰŮųȻһʱɹȥԶԶʥһʥİɫ˦㽫ͷľԶһʱ֮޷
ģ
ͨ˵ͨ赲˶Էܡ
ֻһ˲䣬ҲѾȫ㹻ˡ
򣡡
߶һƬռϳ˳УͷʵҪƾҲüʱ
ʱ֮ڣŮѾΧľ֮ҲһʱټֻͷУݺʥۺ¸Ůȫ⣬ʱ١
£Ůչ˿ֲĹơ
ʱĶ棬ܳʱûʲôˣϾǱΪͷѾ㹻ˣҪʱڸҲֻͷ񼯽ᡣ
ȫڵֿԻ彮߽ҽϾ˼ߵˡ
һΣһ𷢶ļսͱʧ˺ܳʱľҲٴγ֣֮սǿû˼ʧ
Ϊ˴ӾҵᣬǷһ˼ƻüǰõ塢꣬Ľзˡ
һҶԷߣпܾͿΧκԣһ»彮߽߸սѹˡ
ϧǣ彮ߵ⣬պѡѪǺӵʱ꣬Ȼߣû㹻ƻžѾɾˡ
Ҫͷ񱻸ɵ֮󣬶Էʣս赲ǡ
׷ͷ֮֮Ƶĸ£һʱ䣬ͷͱָɵˣŮֶβܶȱĻսʢˣԷ˿Ļᡣ
ˣѪǺӵͷȫɵ
ͰĻʱɱܲٴһ̫¯ɣ
иֳڴ֮ɫ


1625 ¯
彮ѪǺӵĻţ٣׾žʮϣл׾ţʱ˿̶ȻѪǺӵŰ֪ǵͳ˧Ѿɵˡ
һʱûеõ񷢲Щ׾ųԱҲЩɻЩ׾ŵľųǶӻ£ûǶЩ֪롣
ͷҪͻƸȻЩ׾Ų¹ȥŰϵȫɵģϧŵçϵʱ򣬾˺ݺ˵ĵͷ׷
Щ׾ţɻУͻȻǿյгһ
һ壬ǻһ񣬾Ȼһ׾Ÿǰ
һϣһ֣٣ֱȺ׾Ÿо˿ֻš
¸軹ʥۣû׶Щ׾֣ԵĻеһС֣ȻʣЩ׾ųԱûеõĻӦ£׷׳ʱӴܻȥ
¸ʥ۹ܵģΪļƻҪЩ׾ŶʱвС
ԭռѪ򣬴ʱ˿ѾһƬʧȥ˾ʶ˵ĵϣо󲿷Ѫˡ
ȵѪһĵۻʺ찁ϹʱϼûκĴ˼侾ġ
߲ɫʱŷŭһҪйڵĻѪǺӵУµʮϵݡ
ϾÿǰçǣԶŵ󣬿Եֵôõġ
ȵǿߵѪǺӾԻʧأѪһ˵ǸĴ
λô˵Ķˣ
찁ʱһ䲿¡
Ѿ;ӦúܹܿˣߵΣѾλ˹ĻҲûʲôˡ
찁ߵ˵
޷λһֱǺӣڷ飬϶ҪһˣοʱڣȥҪô
찁ҡҡͷ
ʱǿ߲ܹĴڣҳʱǹ̶ġ
ûλǰĻ˭Ҳ֪ʱл᲻ĻһˣѪһ彫һӭѡ
Щ֣ͷ񱻸ɵˣѰĻҲӦûڲŶԣڲ֪ȥĶˡ
ɻŻܣ϶ǻޱȣǴ˶ʰϵĶȥ֮˵С֮ȫգõĶߡ
ЩɶԴܹ˷ѵģϵĻףսƷҲȫˡ
ǻɵǣ׾ŵĳԱأ
ȥʱ̽һ£סκϢҪ㱨
찁ԸȥʱһЩ̽Сӳ߲ɫʱڴ

ʱС
ͺݺһͷһֹǿ߹һЩϻĻ׾ţܿ죬һ׾š׾žʹ彮ʱӿ

ûκԥֱ˦׹
ΪҪЩһﳹɱܹʹʱȥʱԵ֮۳̫¯Ҳþ֮ЩһˣЩСкһûȤȥѲ顣
һСкеԴֵԳʮ׾ţǵõͷ׵Скľ֮ҲͷĲд澫꣬õѾ١
ʣЩ׾ţûбҪȥؽˡ
һٶȸɵֻпʱд̫¯
ݺʲôսϵ˫ʶ𣿡
һ䡣
ûС
ݺЩƣҲʵսҪϵ˫Ѷȷǳߡ
Ҳкѣ˵Ҫսϵ˫Ǻѵ飬ÿԵ
ԣ´̫¯ܹдսģ»ֻһˡ
ǳΪսö˵Ҳܶ࣬ȻǸԵã˵ǹĻսǱȲ׹ġ
ȼڻ׹߼ԴƷڳкХһͷͷؾǿߵʶ侫곹׷մȫ
Щ״ѡԱϧʱԱƣȫʱԵ̫֮֮ˡ
Щжӳͺݺ˵İΧȦ
УѪɫ˫ľӰ֣ѪɫޱѪɫӰӶֻҪеκһͷףܹԷһӸɵ˿ѷɫ׹
Ͼݺ񾳽ĴڣҪﵽһɱЧʣȫ׾ٵģݺɱĻҪһЩ
ϾûָһǿߣϢκֶĵĶؼûľֹǡ
׹չҲ೤ʮѾ˵Ǽˣܹ̤񾳽磬ܷӳ׹
ݺͨЩѪɫȴ裬Թɰǧ֮Ŀռ䣬ʱУЩؾ߿˵޴ӡ
һƬһƬĻ屻ɵ
ҪͷȴʱĳѾ׷¸ʥ۶ס۴ĸֻ̣ܳʣ·һ񾳽ǿߣЩѰ׾š׾Ÿûκεĵֿ
ͬͷʱ
ĸ׾̤ʱȴûһܹųģڵ͸ʱֺ࣬ݽһ¡
֣
壬
岻ʼʱԵۣ֮ʱͷһ
Ȼ̣֮ܲսˣ
һеһУֻΪܹǿøռ䣬Ҳ⣬Կ϶塢ͻе岻ûжֻǶԷȽԶʱûѡ
ڶԷ֮ǰøǿ
Щ׾ŵĴڣʹսһʵ٣ڶԿǿʱҲе
һʱɱ¾ʱѾ徲˲٣ԭӵʱУЩ徫ȫݻٵʱԵ֮⣬һ̫֮塣
ʮͷؾǿߵ£̫¯һ۳ǰ


1626 ǧ
һ̫¯սϣ彮֮սϣ彮Ǹϡ
һΣ̫¯У޾Ʒս̫Ʒžѵ㣬Ѷȿ֪
ڣ̫¯ٴγ֣ȻᣬҪҲһ¡
ϧǣ¸ͺݺûϵ˫޾սҪȻĻô˻Ϳһ̫¯ˡ
ϲǣʥ۾Ȼӵһ޾սΪɾǧ𣬾Ȼϵ˫εģ⵹Щ⣬ʥ˷ôãܹԼ̤ʴ¹żеõԵΪܹ޾սϵ˫Ҳˡ
һ̫¯̫ƷۺǷǳǿģȻĹҲô棬ԳԽĳЩԴƷ
ʥһ뵽ʱıԵ֮⡣
ûκ⣬㻯ޱܹ̫֮дˣʥ̤뵽ĲΣһû⡣
ܿ죬˱㽫Ե˫ս뵽̫¯УȺ

һеʱһʱҪˡ
粻лؾǿȥ֮սϳӯ̫¯Ȼ뵽ͷɾǧУЩǣ̵УȻ𽥸ɾǧʶ˹
ף
ʥҲʱ̧ͷһۣȻҲܵʶ
ϵ˫ε޾սȻͬһ̫¯ʱ򣬻࿪ʼںϣ
һ
ɲҪһɹս˭ģ
Ըʧȥʥۿ϶ҲԸʧȥɾǧ𡭡̫¯еȴȫ޷ֹ˵ˣֻܹˡ
֪ǲͬһʱ
Щơ
ȿʲôɡ
ʥɫҲǲ̫ãǱÿһЩһֱȽ棬ЩڴС
ʱţ̫¯ͷɾǧգȻ߹Ȼ̫¯Ϊһսһǧëѩë֮֮ǣ˫еʶҲںϡ
ȵǼսճǰʱ˶ЩΡ
Ϊս뿪̫¯֮ͷ뿪³Ϊ˷ɾǧдڵʶȴһ
ԭʶȽģ˼άЩеɾǧʶһƤСŮʶȻںϳһµʶ
ңµʶȻܹͬʱʥ۵ʶ£ʥ໥֮侹Ȼܹ֪ԷЩʲôˡ
˫ս֮ȫ޸ҵģڣǱʥȫûиˡ
ʥ۶һۣоеΡ
Ϊ˶ܹĵ֪ԷԺЩʲôʱ͸ܵʥԺоȻԼһ־˼˼ʱѾ˵ġ
Ϊ֮Ͱʥ˺ͷʥ뿪ԼǱһΪ
ʱ˿̣ܹܵʥǰһʱһѣԼʴ¹еżΣ龰һеļ䣬ȫĸ֪ˡ
ʥ۵ľȫ˵Ǿһ
Ժеļ䣬ҲȻ˱ʥܵѧԺʱһУвμʴ¹ʱΣԼʴ¹ĳȫʥ
ڣδĶʥҲѾ֪ˡ
ʴ¹һøҶ΢壬Ҳʥۿַ˼ĸо̲ס˳Ҷ΢֮ӣ
ܿҵļ䣬Ӧܿҵһм䡭˵Ҳ֪ô¡
ҡҡͷ˵
ҲԡûҶ΢ʲôֻͺݺ
ʥ˵ʱЩ죬ûܰѻ˵ꡣ
ȿȣǻоһսɡ
ҲЩΣæת˻⡣
սȻֿˣеʶģȫѾһʶͬһŮʱ˿ı仯Ůʶͬӵ֮ǰʶļ䣬ҲҪһʱ䡣
ʥ۽עתƵսʱŮʶҲѾ֮ǰļ䶼Ūˡ
ںˡͷɾǧ𣬶˹ȥڵңǧ𣡡
Ůʶͬʱ뵽ʥ۵Ժ֮С
Ƿֿġ
ָָУͷɾǧԷ룬ֻжŮʶ
ںϡ
Ůһ˿ͷȻ˾ͼͷɾǧԷֽ⿪չȻںϳ˸֮ǵһǧëҲǧ
սԭ̫Ʒںһ֮󣬸ǳе⡣
սںһ֮Ȼ˻Ǻ˽⣬ʣƺԳΪ˵һɱﵣϾǾûĴڡ
̫ƷѾǳˣ֮ǰ彮ڼֻһǿӵС
ڣһӶȻںһ
ҪѸپѣ
Ůʶ֣صĶʥ۱ʾ
ͽǧɡ֪ҪβܽѸپѣ
һ䡣
ҽսɣ
ŮʶĻشȻֵȻҪһͬս£ңҾѵٶȱҪ⣬ǧҲ̫ϲá


ʥ۶һۣЩƣ˭¶ǵһμôսʶ˰ɣ
ȻǾˣֶֻֻ࣬ͬ
Ҫ˵ŮʶΪʲôϲֶǡǧ𡱣ΪĴйϵǾ۴սҲڹʶŶԣʶӦøЩйϵ
ܵ˵սںƺǼ£һսĻٶҲҪ
Ψһ鷳飬ʥ໥֮侹ȻܹԷЩʲôƽʱǻãҪںͺݺʲôֵʱرΣ
ôʱʥ̲סһ⣬ʲôʲôȥҲ˵ȥġ
һͷѩ׳öߺ죬ģǿɰʵ̫֮ӿУΡȻɫ֮֮ת׺øӶˡ
ŲߣȻоеΡ
ҿûʥ۵˼иӦưĽУҪȻĻɾ͸ˣɲ֪ô
ͷУֻһӾ㹻ˡ
ȻΪ磬ǿӵиҲ빼ݺϾֻһݣԽ࣬ÿ˷ֵľԽ١


1627 ѻ
ܿ죬ʥ۱պսʱԵ֮⣬һصʱС
սںϵ飬ֱӾ͸ݺ¸˵ˣԺһսʱ򣬿»ᾭսںϵ˵ҲһûбҪ
˶ʶ以ͨ飬ʱû˵ʥ۵Ȼ˵ˡ
ϾȽ⣬Ҫ˵ĻҪһ±ȽϺãҪĺݺǷ棬᲻ʲô֮ġ
ʱʱ䣬ʱǵĻѪǺɸƻ
˵Ȼʼ֮ǰսƷ
ŴθɵһЩǿߣϵõవӰľϵ̫ǵȥҪǶԿ壬ͨںľϵ̫ǲġ
ֵһǣҪѾںϵľ̫ȡǻԾһĵġ
κξͨȡι󣬱ʧȥЧá
ЩС統УЩľ̫ѾȡˣٽСкȡ˲ʧȥЧã˻ҽ
ˣɱ㹻Ļ֮õľ̫Ҳܹ˰ͨȫˡ
κι͵ͨںľϵ̫֮󣬻ӵдݻپںݺ¸軹ʥ˵ںľϵ̫ģξ
ڰӰ˵ҲֻõˣûϵİӰȫԽ䵱ǺԴ
Ͼľ̫ףҲɱǿߵʱջһ㣬;ĺѵõ٣Ҫ֮ԴȻһöǿǼʮϰ飬еЩľ̫ɶǴǰһ·ġ
˽̫ľ뵽ͨУΪۺսøǿᣬ˲ֹһ
Σڰ֮ͨʱټЧ֮ƵЧȫ޷ģֽ׶ȫר
֮ƻãǴʴ¹еõĹ֮ƣ⸽Упǿ߿˹Ҳӵƻ߸ǿĹ֮ơ
Ǿ֮ȴ˼ٿӵеͨ
֮򣡡
ڸ۳˾֮򣬽ԼһָǣȻʼþ˼Ϊ߶δ׵ΪѾһ룬ȥٹܹĵȥͻƵ񾳽ˡ
ʱӭһɱ䣡
ھ֮򹹽ʱټĿռУѸٹΪ
Ƭռйȥ֮粻ŹȥʱϾھ֮ʱټЧѾﵽ˽ʮ£֮ԽԽǿ
ϧǺܴˣ֪ܶȸߵ񣬻᲻һЩϲ
ʱ򣬴ʱ彮ߵڴһȺ˽Ϊ׵һ۵ǿߣȽ裬˵ʵǿܶȴﵽʮ߱
Ҳ֮ǰڳѪǺ߸ϹˣñȽʲôûˣȫĸˡ
ʱУԵĸܵȥϢʱ̫֮֮ң̫¯ʧȥ֮ѾɢˣͷɾǧѾĵʮͷ׵
ѻˡ
۵ǿ˹ʥۡݺ¸׷˸á
Ҳʱټ߳һȻ˵ͷǰ

ѻΪȻ˵ĴˣϾλսĿʼ
Ϊһ߶δ׵ʿܹĵزȻǰδеţиһղһղǿߣŬС
ѻɫ裬ޱ飬óǺ͵ģֻƺе̱̫ڱԼС
嵱еĵڶǿˣʮ߱ܶȣŴﵽĳ̶ȡ
һŬġ
ͷȻûġ
ڹѻѻĴ׾ţѪĺ찁Ҳ׾ŸۿʱȻɾˣʱһȵɫ
ɲѻֻ֪̤ˮɵ飬ڻҪô˵ݺȥѪſء
ĳУѪĵۻʣ찁ûʲô˵ʸ
ѻһ̧֣ޱ˵ݺ¸裬ʥۣһǰ彮ɱΣһ𣬾ɸɵһЩΪսס
̧ͷһʱһڣǱʰ쵣͸ŻɭȻľϢ
彮̫ˣҪֱǰ彮ɱУڻ彮ĵһЩ飬ս˵ܹؼӰ졣
ѻҪֻҪɱаˣսֿսۣѵһǲʢҲҪԲС
ʱûصĻ
ݺЩԥϾʱȥѪǺӣһǰ彮ڲɱúܻ֣͵͵뵽ѪǺӸƻǾ͵òʧˡ
ţʵȫܹסЩ񣬶԰ɣ
ѻ˵ޱģĮ
ŵû⣬ǳǵٶȸϻ
˵
סⲻģҪɵˣʱֻܴˣʱʧ֮ǰǱڻ彮ڲȻĸҲױɵ
š
ѻ˵ͷ
֪˵Բδļȥѹһ̤񾳽磬ʵֱӳԽﵽĪĵز
Ǿ߰ɡ
ѻֻ˺ݺ¸ʥŮһʱһͷ˹ȥܿʧʰ쵵ĳڴ
Щĵģڷʥܹ֮ʶܷʲô飬ܹһʱ֪ӶӦһ߷⣬ҲܹѸ֪ͨʥǡ
ǿ뿪֮ʣµĺѻ׾űʱפ׼ʱ
Ƕ֪ʲôˣΪʲôѻҪ˹ǻǾãʱҪǣϾǺѻ׾ţս϶ġ
Ѫˣڵۻʺ찁£̤ƺҪ˵Щʲô
ȴǲǡ
ݺڣҲ֪Щ˵ЩʲôؼĻҪͻƵھ֮ʱټڣΪٶȼ졣
࣬ȵʱҪʧʱҾܹԳһ񾳽ˣ
иֳһĨڴ


1628 
ʼԹԹΪʱ򣬺찁˶һԡ
ԶʱͣסԵľ֮˸Уһüͷ΢塣
ô죿ҪҪȥ˵˵
ͣں찁ԣüͷ΢˵
찁ҲЩԥ
ԭԸ񣬿϶ֱӾ̸ˣǸոǿ߹ѻԴʱɶǼΪ͵ģ˵뷨
ѵСӻкܶ಻Ϊ֪ܣ
ȥ̸Ļ»᲻̫׵˵ģ찁ǺԼŮݺĸġ
֮ǰһʱ䣬һûмݺһ棬ǳںò׼ˣ̫ڳ嶯ҪǵʲôӰ쵽˫ĺɾͺĪˡ
ǴӸ˵Ǵʵ˵ڵĺݺ񾳽ǿߡ
찁׵ĻûʲôʸȥӰ쵽ݺľߣ˵ѡѪſˡ
һ֮󣬺찁ҡҡͷˣʱţ˻ȥçǣиؽҪ˷ʱˡ
ǡ
ż׾뿪ʱ
ɽߺ߽ǰ˺찁ԡ
£ʵԲ
ɽ߶Ժ찁˵Ҽȳȥסͷ񣬹²ʱ佫һһߣҪȻĻͷһֶΣܶɱӢ
߶δ׵ľ磬ȷܹס񣿡
찁۾ʵ
ոչѻ˲Ҳ˵𣿡
߽̾˿ѻ˶ǻǲҪɵĺãο֮ǰһçϵսҲӣȷǿ
ǿһ£һ¡
찁ҡҡͷѪϣй̫಻ҵˣҪǸܵô˵ҲǸ߶δ׵ߣ̫ˡȻڲȥ˵õȺݺ֮ú̸һΪ֮δҲӦѡڵſǡ
Ǳȹ»ɡ
ں찁Ļ߽Ҳûд
ǰĺݺǲ뷨ͱźݺ뿪ˣչֳ˼ǿսһݺΪ
뷨ҲֻøݺȥݺԸĻô˵ûá

һ̤ľ磬ѾȻף̤뵽Ƭǿյ۷壬ȣӵŽȻͬĵλ뻰Ȩ
Ȼǲ֪찁˵Щʲô
ľ֮ʱټȫֻһˣ฽ʱĽʮ֮һ
Ҳ˵ʱټʮ죬ֻŹȥһʱ䣬ΪѾ̵òˣǺӵĴս彮һ¹̣һֱڣоԼ߶δ׵ΪѾȫ̡
˵ʱʧ֮ǰܳһͻľˡ
ʱټİ£ٶȫǾ˵ġ
찁˲ûԭصȴá
һֱͬʱһעʱ״һȷʥ۱ϵ
ǵս໥ں֮˫ʶȫڣԶܹܵԷĴڣܹ֪ԷĴ൱һսϵ˫һҪ֮һЩ
Ͼ˵ʶֱͨǧսʶ໥һ
뿪ʱ֮󣬹ѻŮܹǿߣ˵ڻ彮飬͸ѪǺһԸһЩɱ
֮䣬ȫûʲôԽ
˲̵ĶԴѪǺӵѪˣϵѪȫɱȻҲ˶Դ壬˵һ˾ˡ
ͨ۳һЩֱͶŵһЩȽϣܽϵĻȫɱˡ
ѻһ֣ûзֿҪ˶Էʲô嵱У֮£ɱٶȷǳ죬̶̰ʱ䣬ѾɾĿľ塣
ͨʱմˣܿʱմͱ׷գѪǺӵʱһĸֱӴ͵ȥӶʧʱ䣬ûǿ߹æ
ϧǣ彮˷ܵҪԸǣ̸ף
ο֮ǰսУѾ˲أտʼʱͱɵͷѪǺֱɵͷ߽ϣҲѾ˻ˡ
򵥵˵ӿսڣһЩȽѾɾˣʣһٶܶȳʮ屶ǿߣлмܶȳʮĴڣ
ͬʱԾ塢塢壬гûٵı塢壬ڵĻ彮˵սҪ޶ȵķʣһ񣬲ô׵顣
Ȼ뵽彮ڲĹѻ񣬻ҲܷβܣӦѾжˣֻǲ֪Էʲôж
пܣǲһЩرǿĻǣƣϾͨʱȥģǣסöԷ뿪ôĸǻڻ彮ڲ
ü׾ŰΧȫԱľУҲ㹻ĸ׾УȻݻǵľʶ
ʥʼձϵ
֪ʥʱûʲô鷳ʥҲ֪Ѿʼ׼ľˡ
֮
ʱɢѻҲϾǲľڻ彮Ѿݻ˽ʮһжѾǳ׬ˡ
пҲѾǣס˶ԷĳЩǿߣڻ彮߽ϵսһЩϵս廹ǷǳԵġ
ʱڿʼˡ
ϻöƷ֮ʴ¹еõĽûжõģöƷ֮̺Ĵ֮Ѿ㹻Сŵһǧˡ
öƷ֮սȥ𽥸ֳһĨʱĵʱٿʼϱ仯ռ䶼ʼŤ
Ѿʱ֮򣬵Сŵһǧʱڵڷһɱ䣬ǱȽɢھڲ
̣ܶȵ̣
ΧռŤʱеĺѻ塢Ѫһǣ׷Щֵ˹ֳǿǴûмġ
ҪΪ񣬱뽫ܶȴһᵽʮġ
һ˵һʮۣܶҪѲʱ䣬ͻ񾳽ʱʱнеģмһΧۡ
ֻ֪ԼӦûΣյģϾʱɢѻǺܿҪˣȻǻᱣͻƵġ


1629 »
һ
һ屶


ܶȣڿʼ̣ȫΪС置ŵһǧȻС֮ȫȫںϣӶĸı䡣
֮֮ǰҪΪΪֻȫΪ֮Сܹ֮ȫ뵽ڣӶʮܶȡ
֮ѹ׼ѹһܶȵЩܹõһʽ
̤뵽񾳽֮ߵĻͱȽˣȡ֮ǽܶȥ
̤񾳽ʱʮܶȵ֮ģȥҪܶȣֻһЩطˣЩط֮ףÿһطʲô˶ģ൱̡
ԣʥۡݺȻֻ½ֻܶʮҪҵʺԼطܶȣѶȻ൱ġ
ȻⲢӦÿǵ⡣
̤֮󣬾ͻᾭһЩĻᣬȥѰطʴ¹һЩڣ̽пʺԼط
Щص㣬ڲûпţһ½񣬻ֻ½ҪܶȣǲܵģӵһЩ
£Ժе֮ƣЧ֮ǿԶ׼ˣ˵֮ȫԽս
Ҳʶһ㣬ڽսУܶȱһС
ǷԼڹдʲôĹ֮ơ֮ӡӰսʤء
涼һ㣬ƾ֮ƣڸ̤񾳽ʱܹսЩܶȴﵽʮǿߣǿߣϾѾһǿĴ֮һˡ
嵱УܶȴﵽʮģҲ˰ˣˣΪֹδĿ֮ˡ
̤񾳽磬սʱԷһܶȣӶԷԼһܶˮƽֶγԽԷܡ
ûκ½ܹزġ
ʱ˿̣ܶȲڸΧĿռŤҲԽԽˣΧĺѻѪһ׾ȫˡ
һЩʲô飿
Ҫڴŵڰ֮ͨھ֮ɱӰ֮£ΧռŤĴڡ
̤񾳽ʱһܹһͨͨȻǾ֮򣡡
ھ൱ľϲ
о֮ǰʴ¹սʱɱһָ֮оһͨɱΪָͨоǳҶأܻо
ԣԿ϶Լľ֮Ȼͨ
ԭΪ簵Ӱ֮֮ͨͨأȴû뵽֮򷴶µͨһϲģǿͨʾǾ֮
Ȼ֮ΪܹͨʲôЧ
֪
ܶȻҪͻƵ񾳽ĴڣҪһʱС
ҲʱͨʥͷȴͻȻ˲õϢ
ĸоʥŮѻһ𣬺˺ǿĴڣʱһͷʱزˣʱȴҪɢϲĻܿĸᱻǻ彮Ӷ
ڣҪʲôģΪͨʥ۸оǱĻ񣬾Ȼͷһͷǻ֮еǿ֮һһͷΪ»ĳǿߣܶȴﵽ˶ʮ
һ»Ĵڣùѻѹֶһ֣˵»ܶΪʮʮ߱ǿߡ
ǿߣ׵ĳǹ·;ϣȻ䷢˹ƣҪὫĸɵ
ѻȫû뵽Ȼ»ԼĸһܹŻȥˣ
ǳסһҪСģԷΪҺܿͿԹȥˣ
ҧҧͨսʶʥ˵
ʥҲܹܵ״̬֪ͻƵĹؼʱ̣ܶѾ屶ңһȵʮܶȣܹӵжԿʮܶȵʵ
֮ƵӰ죬ܹͷ»пܽԷ׸ɵ
᲻ɴȻǰҪ֧ŵĵ
ŻҪһʱʱ䣬ܹͻɣ⻹ھ֮ʱټЧµΣʱټٻҪʮʱܹͻơ
У
ʱȫȥԼ֮ںһһܹ΢ʡһЩʱ䣬һϹȥǺõġ
ԷڵλãʱĳڲǺԶֻҪʱմԽʮξͿԵˣڹؼҪͻƲС
ͻƵһĻͿ˵ǰˣܶ޷ﵽʮԺ󶼼̤񣬱ϾСһǧĽѾǼޣҪϼѣ֮ҲѾȫǿܶˡ
ʥͨ˫֪Է״̬Ρ
ڣ彮ɨĹѻͷǺѾ׻һֻѻľͺӰ˸֣ܹͨ涯ã
ңѻһ似һԴƷòײںʥһ֣»赲
ͷǿߣɺݺ¸ŮֱֵȻŮܶȱȶԷ˺ܶ࣬޷ֵסԷĹƣֻܹϺˡ
ҪŮ϶ʴ¹ԴƷ²þͻᱻԷɱˣõǣԴƷҲʲôײˡ
ͷϣֻ»ӵһԴƷͷûС
ԴƷǵʴ¹ĽвбȽСĿܵõҵõ֮󻹵ûžʴ¹ڴ
ӵмԴƷͳչˡ
Ҳǻʵˡ
˵ʴ¹еõԴƷƺǳɣ˵Ѷȴ൱ģϾʴ¹ǵԴƷǻ⵽Уٸŵ
͸ȡһʱ䣬ԴƷ£ݺ¸ֵס˶ԷĹơ
ҺݺӵеģصмԴƷС֮ꡱպһ˾ԴƷԸʲ
֮ǰѪǺеʱ򣬺ݺûҪʩչ
ڣͷݺչֳԼǿʵҪȻܾܿͼˡ


1630 
彮
ѻԼ½ݺʥۺ¸Ůһ𱻻ǿߡ»޷صʱʱУ뵽սС
֮ꡭڣ
ݺӵмԴƷʱ˿̻߲㾫ϣָ࣬˶С
֮⣬һͷܶʮĻϵͷųֲľһռ߲㾫һһ顣
ݺȻѾ񣬵ܷӳ֮ȴޡ
ԴƷˣΪûôʱ䣬׹Ϊھ֮ʱټУʵѵʱܳˣֻûйȥôðˡ
ԣмԴƷܳױֳ
Ȼˣݺƾ֮꣬ҲܹȽɵĵֵסԷĹƣȻһ㾫ϱϴݻ٣ֻҪԷ޷һԴݻ߲ϣô֮꽫ܿ첹ϡ
ϲϳ֣ϱݻ٣Ȼֲϲ䣬ݺͷսһʱ뵽˽ֽ׶Ρ
ǻ
źݺȻӵһԴƷһмԴƷжô˷ˣȴҪǼԴƷһ򵥵顣
˵ݺ޷ȫȫмԴƷϾмԴƷƾһʮܶȵĻҪҪһʱģĽսȥ
ҪƬռѾ뵽˷յУҪĺݺܵĻҪԸݺȻѡ
¸ӵеĳԴƷһ£һ²ʵ壬һǳ֮ɣʴ¹еõԴƷպø¸յԼ̫Ʒϡ
̺ǳʾǿģĵϣܹӳ
ڣԴƷ¸ϣȻӳ˲ںݺ֮
¸ƾ֮¡ͷʮ߱ܶȵĻսȻûд̫·λãɫĸͨһʱ֮䵹ûʲô̫Σա
ѹĻҪԿ»ѻʥۡ
ѻһֻ֮񣬱Ӱ˸֣һͨʩչ»˲СţȻҲֻŶѡ
»ҪԸĻʥۣ
ʥ۲ݺ¸裬ӵиԴƷһԴƷûУȴӵһսǾǷɾǧ𣬾̫¯֮󣬷ɾǧǰ˺ܴ
Ȼ˵ûԣɾǧ޷ںϳΪǧ𣬵ǲݺӡ
ϾʥѾεǿڣܶȴﵽʮ
߶δ׵ʱУڶ÷ɾǧĹԳв֪ٱͬļսܹͨӳЧȫͬġ
ɾǧԼ֮ͨʥǿֵס»һɱУÿʱÿ̶ڶԷɱУΣա
Ҫѻһ޶ȵǣס»ʥۿѾ׶
»˼ԣǾȸɵȽ׸ɵʥۣȻǸѻ޷˷ˡ
ټһϾҪˣ
ʥ۳նѻϢ
ԼҲѾһֻѩ׷ѩëڳвƮɢεľɱΧ籩һӿХɱء
Ÿϵ
Ǽ˰ʱ֮»ѹԽԽ»ʩչֶοʼԽԽǿơ
սУ»ܶȾȻڲУ
ʼ»ӵжʮܶȣʱţȴѾﵽ˶ʮܶȣսʱţܶȵٶԽԽ졣
̵УѻʥܵķѹԽԽ
»ûһʼʹɱﵣĻһܹʥۺ͹ѻɱȴгģΪӵսжʱܶȵ
ҪôطṩģҪôڹĹ֮ơ
ߣȫʥۺ͹ѻܹȵϵġ
̫ˣµҲЩˡ
ѻѾˣҪս̵УȻû»ҪԣȴҲԷһͨУӰε˿߽껺
Щ˿һʼۣʱȥѻʼʱȴѾܲ͸硣
ܹüĴڵĻԿڹѻȫ˰ľʱţȵ걻ײסô˱޷κֻܹˡ
ģûʧѾ̤񣬳˿ԷܶȣܲһսҿǺڴ̤֮սء
ʥ΢̣ȻڼսУÿʱÿ̶пܱ»ǿɱɵźʶϵܹĸܵڵжôǿ
Ȼ½һֻӵʮܶȣֶȴ˶ˡ
һ˵Ƕģһ½æĻǸɵ»ʲô°
ʱɢˣܿ͵
ʥۼϢ
ѻɫһڣʱʧˣǻܹӵ
ˣҲı䲻ǰ˰ɣ
ڶ̶ʱڣ»ܶȾȻﵽ˶ʮ˱ùѻоһû֪һܶȣܹﵽ١
һﵽʮܶȣôʥ۽ᱻ׸ɵûһ˿һķᣡ

»ɱ⣬͸꼸Ƭռ䣬ѾʱѾرգô⼸񣬾Ѿעˡ
ʮ˱ܶȣѾܹȫѹʥۣ
ʱ˿̣»ɱһγ֡
˿ֲνʥϮȻۿԷĹƣȴܹĸܵԷ̺ɱ
֮ǰʥȫ㣬ܹǧٿ׵³
ڣȴ㶼㲻ˣΪԷ꽣ʵ̫ˣӦ
ҲʱյһƬӰ˸һӵľ͸ʥ۵ǰΧķɾǧ˲ںһ
ǧ֮ݣ
һϤȴһǧɵëʥۣ˲תƵһȥ
һӰʥԱߣ㿪»ıɱһ

ѻ״ʱϲΪոһܰʥ۸ɵˣȴû뵽ͻȻɱһҺϢǣȻȷ̤뵽ľ硣
֣


1631 ƽ֣
еľһӱò
ԭѻʥĸǻᱻ»ȫɵģͻƵľ֣һж˷
˭Ҳ֪ո̤뵽񾳽ӵʲôʵ
Լ֪Ϊ֪֮Ϊ֮ͨӵʲôЧ
׵ĳսУҾʥۣ»ܵһ⡣
ֳֵֻǸʮܶȵ½֮ʱͷôһ񣬲Ӱ쵽ֻ֣½ôôأ
ֲþȻԻȫս
½ٶΡ壬ʼնƬǿ֮£ᱻȼ𣡡
»޾ԹԼޱŨս⡣
ڻ˵ⳡսǱԣԵһԻ֮սһֺηƣһȲϵģΪ˻ߣڻ彮߽߸ѾʼһȺӢԱ
»Ҳһս˵ǿǰǿ󣬲ڳǿߣĸ½ǳ˷ܣ񶼸ɵĻڻԿһξ޴ʤ
Ҫʿ֮ǰһֱǿ߶һȥʮٲûصϢĻʿԽԽͳ

ֵʱѻ¸ͺݺŮڵһʱ䷢ˣ˶ڵֵŸԵĶ֣ʱûа취˵Щʲô
ֻǿڵˣһ̤뵽񾳽ĶһЩϲġ
ݺ¸裬оⳡûϣսڳһ⣬һǲеĻһĻ彮ˡ
ѻЩա
ϾҪһ鷳ģǰϵѹ϶Ϊ»ˣ࣬ȡ֮ȴʵ̫ˣ
ѻоãôʧһǿߣˣҪһˡ
ûеȹѻ룬ʥ̱֮㿪ʼ˶»Ĺơ
ݺ¸ǱߵʱãϾԴƷţ»ʵܶѾﵽ˶ʮűȽɵĻʱҲܲˡ
һϣ
ںսǧһȻ㳯»ڵķȥ
ʵϲҪѣǧںսʶȫԸܵսͼڵһʱͬʱ˽ս״Ļʥۡ
ʱ˿̣ʥۺʶ໥ͨսԱһҪࡣ
ƣϣ
߶ԭʽʱ˿̣ȻҲܹǧó
һǧëΧȻ˱㼫תת˲̵»ڵƬ
ûйģڵ»ʱֱһ޽֮գبżĺȻһֻεֺȻ»֮У䳹ץס

޽֮յĵգبżĳױڶ»Щ΢ӰͬʱؼĻǽ֮Ƶ뵽˶Էڡ
һ˲䣬Էܶȱ㱻ˡʮ
ԭʱ˿̵»Ѿӵжʮűܶȣ˵һﵽʮܶȣǴ鸽޵ֵĴڣϧǣ֮Ӱ֮£»ܶ˲䱻ʮֻʣʮű
Чüͷ΢塣
ԭΪ֮ƵЧܹκζһܶȣڿˣ֮Ƶܶȴﵽ޶ȣֻʮ
Ҳ˵ֵܶȳʮʱֻ֮ԷʮܶȣڰѶʮűܶʣʮű
Ȼ֮ƵЧûԤôˣ˵Ⲣսʧܡ
ԷܶȻڵҲһ䣡
Ϊ̤뵽ĲΣֶڿ˼ɵʩչǰҪǿ̫̫ࡣ
Ǹո޽֮գ̺ģѾ»˲СӰ죬ӡ˽һʱ䣬̶ʱԶ»
ɱ
»ûκζƣȻʶһƺЩѲûôϣܶȵĲ࣬һС
һһ㾫ƣ˲˷ۣȻѾڲ֪֮С
һľƣȻûʲôɱԾȴӵмã»ʩչȫܹһЩѰ½񶼳־ҵ
ּҽŵսУһֻһʱ䣬ȫԤϵģǾǱԷץסᣬ׸ɵ
Ȼȴ΢̡
һ㾫Ҫٵ֮ʱȫȻɫâҫΧһܲ͸ľӡ
꾵
һ㾫ƣȻ»ĳǿͷųľ꾵һ䳹׷ȥȥȴѾǰʮˡ
ĲΣ꾵Ҫʮֵľ񹥻ѾȫˣЧ˺ܴҪΪܶȵ
ֻǷͨ꾵ʮʮܶȵȥֻǿһҡ
»ܶʮű꾵ķЧֻǿһȻ󷴵ȥȻֻЧѾ»ˡ
֮壡
ȫҫʣһľƳ׵ֵסˣȻٳǰʱ򣬾Ѿħ
ħ޴Ӱ˸֣Ȼ»ʩչһͨ
֮֡ӡϢ
ͨͬʱ֣оִ֮һ޴Ӱɭ֮âһѽ»ľС
ھֵ֮֮ͨУľϵ̫֮ǰĽϵֱ̫ȡ˳
һֱ֮ӵ˽ʱ˿̱»һʱ֮޷
֮֡
ھӰ֣һڻ˱ɭȻ֮е»ϣʹľ궼ܵ˿ֲ֮
ӡ۳һͼڣΧռеľȻͷųһ̵ľϡ
һʱ֮䣬·»ƽ֣̤񾳽չֳıùѻΪ֮𾪡
ʼʱѻѸ»Կ̶Ȱ
˫Ǵƽ
ʱ˿̣õĶֻѰֶΣûκγ½ĵطҪ˻ܻʮűܶȵ»ܡ
һ̣»֮ɢһ˲㽫ֺ֮;ϢӰɢ
ܶȣҲʱٴﵽ˶ʮ


1632 
ͨʥ۵ʶ֪»ܹͨĳֶΣսвܶȵ顣
ۿŶԷܶٴﵽ˶ʮ֪ܹȥˣΪû֪»ܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
һЩܶȵĻû취սʤһˡ
Ҫӵ֮ƣ˶Էʮܶȣ»ǰһжֵס
սپˣ
ţҲ¶Ҫþȫ
̤εӵʲôսԼʱ˿̵»ܶȸոմﵽʮ˲ȡһԴƷ֮ǰʴ¹жõ֮ʯ
֮ʯ֣һȻ֮ԴƷӿ
֮ǣ
ȫµبż֮ͨʯγһ;ӣЩȫɫģģ̺ȴС
ʴ¹У߶֮ǣǽɫľ֮ǣʱõǽܶһٱ֮
ȴֻܶʮܶȵġ
ˣ֮ͨʯɢȵ߶Ҫǿö࣬޽֮յʱҪһЩ
ɵģ»ľ곹УȻһ̱㳹׺䱬˿
ģ֮ͨǱ֮ҲޱǿҵĶԾĳ»֮У⾵֮һӱ鿪»궼ܵ˲СĴˡ
Ȼ»ʱſ˾ϣ֮ǵı飬֮ʯԴƷֶΣԲܹ׵ֵġ
֮ʯҲܹȫģ׹һ˵ȫںˡ
Ҳھ֮ṩʱټЧҪȻĻڵ޷̤ľ磬ʵҲôǿ
֮Ǳ»ܴˣԸо»ܵһ֮£ѸٻָС
ͬħ֮ģѸܣʲһֶΣ»ɲ֮ȫ޸
ȻʮܶȣҪƾһԴƷȥԸ»ûʲôõġ
ûóֶ»ڷµĹơ
֮꣡
֪»ʩչʲôͨʲô似˷Ȼ۳һȻЩȻһ˿ߣƹѸٽ侫סԭء
֮ɫԲ˸ȴЩ֮˿ߴ͸ͼԭء
ʲôֶΣȻܹ͸֮壡
һ⻹״ֶͨδţǴ߶ͨӰ֮飬ֱǸ֮ȻУ
»һƴûʲôֱԾǿĿֲģԶʮܶȣһöը
öը˲ڵյըи֮ȫը˷顣
һ̣߶Ӱ֮ʱ䶼ûУܵöըĿֲһɲԼޣһʱ޿ռ㱻飬˴޿ռ룬˳
ըĿֲը޿ռը飬Ȼҫɫâľ֮ϣ֮ķ㶼֧顣
ȫ¶ëţЩëȻԷ񹥻ЧòӲȴҲѾܵһ̶ȵˡ
ھ귽ˣ޷Ѹٻָˣ걻ݻٵĻˣ͸ʱľһӡ˾УȻȴҲѾԼ
һҧڰ˼Ѫ˲䱬
ھ»ı֪֮ԼٳܶԷһöը϶ǻȥģҪڶԷ֮ǰѶԷѹס׸ɵ
һ̣ȫ˼Ѫ״򿪣׷ǿﵽ˱İ˱
񾳽֮󣬻ܹ
̤֮߶˼ѪҲǻܶȣҴ߶˼ѪСɵ˱ñǰ
֮򣡡
һ̧֣֮۳ڲƹ»ľͬʱ»ʱٳ׼
ʱ˿̣У»Ķٶһӱֻʣԭʮ֮һ첻κвˣǶԷܹѾ֮ݻٵƿʱٵļЧ
ʱڣȫȻ
ġġġȪģǿͬ۳һƬ֮أɱйʱ㶯˳һռ䶼пʼ
ƬֱӰ»ľסУȻɭȻ֮Ͽʼʴ»ľ꣬ʹھ֮Ӱ֮£ܵϢѹ
֮Ŀƣɱɱ߽һȻһֲɱ¾ֶΣȶԷھ֮Ŀ֮¸ֵܵסɱɱ¾
ҪȽ֮ݻٵĻɱܹɼص˺ʹֱش
ɱʴ»ľڣʹܵǰδеܣһ־洫ľ˺ѸУ֪СʵǳѾӵ˽ɱʵ
»Ĺ˲䱬˳ƺǲһּЧȻȫȻƿ
һ˲䣬о»ܶȾȻﵽʮ֮࣬Ҳֻһ˲һ±ʹ»ֱӰѾ֮䱬Ȼƾſ񱩵ֱɱ
ǡĳֹ֮ƵЧ˲䱬ܶȣӶﵽ˵սЧ
ȻǶϱģȴЩѪڣ֮ȷܹкܶãܹõһЩȽǿĹ֮ƣôǿ˵սԿ˵ʵķԾ
ÿǵĲǵȰ»ɵС
ھܹ֮ͨʱ۳ɱҲֻһй̤֮Ҫ⣬ͬʱá
ڲƹӾ֮ͷų»ȥȻμ
ħСӿԶ߶֮ͨȻͷųһƬ򶼳뵽ʱټС
»ٶٴα
֮ѻʥۣûվһΧۣҪģܹԸ»ѡȥݺ¸ˡ
ʱ˿̣ۿųһƬʱټ֣ʥۺ͹ѻһ
ʲôֶΣô


1633 Ч
һ֮ڳа»񻹿סܶȲơ
սʤԷϣ
ɱУҪɱԼ׹׹Ǹ߼ԴƷ彮òҪóҪȻ©Ϣ
ɲ֮ǰڷǺӵʱˣֻҪȫɵϢȻ©
ڻ彮ȴһԶ֪ƬǷʲôǿڣҲ̽彮УһȥĻһЩ¶ὫΪһĿꡣ
Ҫ֪׹һ߼ԴƷ˵ߵġ
֮ǰ˵ֻܶȴﵽ˰ʮǿߣŻ۳ԴƷӶɸ߼ԴƷӳǿơ
ܶȴﵽʮǿߣڻ塢塢С˵ǲڵģҲֻн塢еĳǿ嵱Упܴ۷
̤֮󣬽ǰ֪һЩϢͼţǲ²ԭһּܶȾǳ˰ʮġ
Ĵڶһɱ󣬾ʲôǿߣ֮Ĳô
»һµͨЧɡ
ڳйһƬʱټֻԼжӰ죬ǺݺʥǴƬ򶼻ᱻʱټ
УʱټڵһоǷʮľͷһ»ĶҲһ
»ȷǺǿģʩչֶΣеǿͣıÿһαһ֮ȻԼһʱ䡣
ֻϧ۾֮ٶȣݻپ֮ٶȻҪһЩʼѳƬʱĿơ
»ʮ𾪣Ҫ֪ʱ˵ֻǿӴżѣ˵ֻεĴڣܹպʱ
֮ΪܳΪ飬ڶʱ֮ƿء
ܹƿʱ䣬ôͻ̤뵽ĲΣ
ڣһ½񣬾ȻѾܹʱʱˣ
»ֱš
ҽţÿһħʼʩչɱ޾ɭȻ֮ģʱټвӿһν»С
һƬУޡȪʴ»ľ굱У侫긯ʴǧٿס
Ҫ»ӵпٻֶָΣЩֶѾȫɥˡ
»Ϊǿǿ֮һȻǿ֮⾫ѸٻָսҪɲ֣Ҳ侭һпΪȡԴ
ʱ˿̣ľѹƣ»û˿ƣƻԽԽ£Ϣһνһεıеĳֹ֮ƣʹ䲻ϻƾ֮ɱ
ۿž֮ɱûܹЧЩˡ
֮ɱ˵ǿֶˣûóȫģڿ»ǿڣóȫû취Էɵˡ
ɱһйСɵľ磬ҪûôףҪʱĻ۲С
֮ȴ̤εʱɱġ
ԭûж֮ľ֮ͨڣͨĻѾˣܽ»ɵܵõ»ʩչֶεУȻҲŹ
ǹеı֮ƣһԱܺƺü֮򣬲һٶȻԽԽ죬ڵķѱƽ
ڵ˶ø߼ԴƷ׹֮⣬ֻʣһ취ˣǾǱ֮Ϊͨһ
֮ͨ߿ѡ۾ӰʩչͨҲѡʩչԭͨͨһֱڣûʩչ֮ͨ
»ϻƾ֮򣬳ƽʱھҪ֡
֮򡭡ҿ㵽ʲô
һ̧֣˲һͷľӰеǾ۵ģȴһЩ治̫ͬ࣬Ʒ泬Խ˾۵
Ӱ֮󣬱˲һĺǰǱ֮ͨ
֣֮˲һֲȫһޱȵѹųе»עȻ»˶˻
Щ󣬲ѰĻ󣬶ʱ֮۳Ļ»ľ궼뵽ʱУʶ׳У޷԰Ρ
ǿ
Լ֮һ
Ӱ¾֮򣬾Ȼǿ»ĴڣʱУʹһʱ֮ʧȥʶȻ֪ܹԷסãֻһʱ䣬Ҳõ޴ƣ
ɱ
ֶԷʱ֮ûκεԥ߶ʮħͬʱ»ʩչɱ޾֮˲ʴ»ľ굱У
ڵ»ʶȫʱУ޷ѹʱ̡
ԭ»ľܹѸٻָڣѸٻָȴʧˣȻָҪ»ʶпƵģħ֮Զ
ɱײй֮£»ľ굱кܿͳʴ侫в߽
ȥʱ䣬»ڴʱѹʱѾˡ
һξ֮ǵĺ䱬»ʴʹ侫ֻʣ¼Ϊ΢Сһƣ඼Ѿֽԭʼ
»ȻȫʣµľӵеܶһʮֻϧʱѾ췦ˡ
൱ֻʣһħ֮ĵʱ򣬶Էʹħ֮ģζذƵġ
Ҳһ
ԷľֻʣһƣȻ֮󣬿ʼѸٻָɱɵ˺ȴǸһЩԷָٶȣȫȲɱɱˡ
˫ڽ˴Լһʱ֮󣬳ԽԽħɱڳѹ»һݡ
ɱѾ鲼ȫ
֮Ҳǲд˳УأɢżֲɭȻϢʱ֮ΧȻÿռ䶼ԵЩŤ翴ȥ·һ˴ڵ롣
»ѾһƬбɱ
ɣ
֮ͨʱȻȻ»Ĳдɣ侫ȫɢҲɵˣͷ֮һ»дϳʧˡ


1634 
»ǿ֮һӵжʮܶȣҿ˹˶ЧصĹ֮ơ
һǿĴڣȻһ֮׸ɵⲻò˵һ漣
е漣ֺֹһˣ
Ҳѻⳡ񿴵˹һȫû뵽Ȼӵд˵ʵʥۡݺ¸ŮȴǶԴϰΪˡ
رʥۣ̤ͨһɲǣѾжǿˡ
û֪ӵеڰͨݺ֪
ʥȴ֪֪ĵڰͨǶô£ͨھǼϹ֮˾۵С۶ɣе߸֮ͨ
ľ֮򣬻֮ͨЧֱµˡ
У»
Ǿ޴ӰҲɢȥ˿Ǻþû˼ҵսˣո̤뵽񾳽羹ȻĶ֣ʵǺܲ
رоⳡսԼ˶εɱɱ»϶ԿĹ̵Уɱй˽̶һ˲١
ٻһʱĻɱ򵽴Ҳʲô̫ѵ顭
һϲ֪ȵɱɵʱʵһ¥ھǴɾɱĻܿܶԸ»Ҫ񻯵ľ֮ͨˡ
ô˵ڻȴɨսҪ
»׸ɵ֮ߵսҲˡ
֮ѻ¸ȥԸͷܶʮ߱Ļˣ֮£ôʱѹƣڳŶԷͻȻһɲǣԷ׸ɵ
ʥۺͺݺߣһǳһܺĻᣬץסѶԷʶɢԷɱ˸
ᣬȻ񻯾֮ͨʩչʱ򣬲ҽ»ΣУͷ𾪵С
һбҪΧɱݺǵͷڳ
߶֮򣬽ͷʣµľҲɵˣȻСк͵ϡ
ͷ񣬿Ǹ֮ǰɱЩһͷȫ彮еκһͷȵ嵱еʵǲ񸡻ɽЩˡ
СкеĶ϶ǲģŲٱľֻ̫֮һˡ
Ск
ʥۡݺ¸Ȼ˵ʲôǸѾã֮ǰʵǿʱΪף˵̤֮һɱ䣬Ȼܹɵ»ˡ
ս嵱УǼټģ
ԣȫ˵Ѿ嵱еĶǿˣԭǿ߳ǰһܹȳϾսʵֲ̫ˡ
ο׹߼ԴƷûʹóҪȻĻԸ»Ӧûɡ
ѻǺԼǱˣԵȻҲҪСкҪ
벻˵УȻһ
ѻʱ˿ǻ˷ܣ֮ǰ˵ʱһôţһ˵ĻҪǿϲ١ٵĿʱ䣬ȵõط֮󣬿ʵضᳬԽ⸽񣡡
廹߷ǿҲܶʮͷ
ǿ񣬳λãԽ塢ͻеΪףеǿ壬жЩܶʮĴڣԶս
ЩƫԶԴ࣬µ֮ԴƷߣЩǿ˵ûȤᡣ
Ҫлˣ㣬Ǽɾ彮ˡ
ѻԣ乧Ķ˵
֮ǰֻЩúڴڣѾȫȫ˹ʵվǵһλģչֳԶԶս֮Ѿ֮ǰǰ۹⣬ǿһŵ۹⡣
ǰˣҪһס»ôãҲʱϹ
ҡҡͷȻʵǿˣԴЩ񣬻Ǳ㹻ء
»СȡһЩԾ۶ɵġҩ˵ֶӦýҩŶԣЩҩõģҪƾ귽ˡ
ڷŸ»սУľ궼ܵһЩˣ˵ʥۺѻˡ
һ˷˵ƾĻҩȻԷ֮󣬺ܿͽ귽ܵĴ˸ȫָˡ
СкŻãЩҩ֮⣬ʲôû
ˣһ·彮ɡ
»ɵˣ彮п˵ǼûʲôˣǻͷǿһֳԸҪȻĻȫݺ彮
ȻֵĻǿԿٳһͨ彮ڲʱģݺӵѪǺӵʱ꣬ɱܿٳ
ûбҪ
ٳһʱʱ䣬ʱڣһ彮ʲôҪƵģͨʱǰѪǺӾͲˡ
һ·ɨ彮ڲĻս˵Ҳ˵Ǽؼսˡ
˵ԭսҪټʱĻô»ٰʱһʱ䣬ٴ彮ɨһֻҪʱ䣬ͻ᳹ˡ
ʵҲˡ
ʼڻ彮ĴɨʱѸܣʶ»Ѿ֮ʣµľ߶ûս־
ͷǿĻ񣬶ûѡ
ΪǺĴȥȥҪǱĻ֣ȡһЩĿռ䣡
ĻᣬǱ㹻ĺȻһȫĵطչһʱȽϰȫȥܱӻ
ȻܱӻĴ۾ҪΪṩô
岻ΪṩͨƱһ˵ãΪṩͷչȻΪṩԼӵеļԴȵȣ˫ӮֶΡ
ܡ
ʣͷܶȳʮĻܿʧˣʣµĻ񣬻һЩ츳Ƚϸߵ壬һ˻彮
ȥĶû֪
֮ܶ峹ܣʣµľǶԻ彮޴ĵ̹Ϸˡ
ʱһµսУΪ̫ܵˣںܶǺӵ̶գ±塢嶼Ҫһš
̵Ĺ̵УںǷһһĳͻ


1635 ϴ
ӻ彮ͻƳ֮ͺͺݺһصѪǺȥ
ʥۡ¸Ůѻǲ뵽Ի彮̵ᵱȥˣҪҪͱԿ
˵ڻɱƣһ𹥻Ľ
ڣ֣һ̣ٵѹǺܴģһʴ¹гɼڶ½׷ս
ʥۡ¸½Ȼû취ȥԿסԷһʱ仹ǿԵģҪ½Ѱ׾š׾ŵʱȫһ浹ѹ
½񣬼ֻʮܶȣ֮սҲԵսǿãںܶؼʱ̶ܹó
Ҫ˵ǲս𵽵ЧΪģпܾǱԭʮǺӵĽ롣
彮ΧڣܹİٶǺӣİٶǺվᱻ塢塢塢廹оϷִоЭģһԼЭڣھ˵ռеĽ򲻿̫
壬λսķߣȻҪõĺôολսĴ󹦳ĳǿ
صѪǺӵʱ򣬾ʱǰ彮Ѿȥһµʱ䡣
ʱڣѾռ˳ʮǺӣھҲѾõʮǺӵĽΪǳʼķչ⻹ֻǸʼ
Żĳܣʣͷǿ֮ҪռʣµĻ彮򣬻ĵֿԽԽСռ彮ڵǺӽԽԽףٶҲԽԽ졣
ڱǱ߷ҲѾõ˳ʮǺӵĽ
崿͵ģȴǷǳḻڴ˲ǿ߻Щˬģ뵽ҪǱǣϲٻǿߣû취˵ʲô
һʵ˵ر֮䣬ܾκεġ
űľţŷĦһµս·
Ҳյ񸡻Ϣ˵ǱǱߣҪİæ׼ȰԼ㶨˵ڸ֮ҲֻЩСĦѡ
Ǳ廹壬ɲȻ塣
ۺʵĻȲϻ壬ؼǣԻȥԸĻ군ˣʣµ壬һֿС
˵ƽʱʱ򣬻˵ڲǺܹؼʱЩ嶼ǸΪս໥֮仹ܴìܣսпܷ
ǵΣʱǾԻվһģҲܹһֱԭˣŽ壬жǿ߿Ҳʮҵܶȡ
ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
׾š׾ŵԶԶ塣
˵жʱ岻ܸģսԭȰԼ㶨˵
鵱ȻǺݺ顣
صѪǺ֮źݺֱǰѪǺӵ룬ѪǵѪʳǣ
˵ͺݺѾ̤񣬲ҪٿѪɫݺĸСʱܺõģϾǺݺˣܲܲʡ
һ·ǰѪʳǡ
ǰõϢѪļгԱڶѪʳǵĻʹеˡ
Ѫĵۻʺ찁һˣΪͺݺѾ񾳽Ĵڣ
ηͺݺһͺݺõʱǶܹ˿֮Ļŭһĺɲܹܵġ
У˽£
߽ʮѪҪȫۼУϣŵۻʺ찁Щüӡ
ۿɱ̤뵽ľ磬ҵ֪Ȼѻһɵ˻Ĵ»ʹڵѾǴǰˡ
֪»һ˸ɵģҪȻĻĻ𾪣һЩҲ˵ˡ
ͺݺЯ̤뵽֮еʱ򣬵˷׷׽ĿͶǣһȫЩη񣬾ԭɽߵˣڶüǫѷ
ЩͨаƢ
Ѫݼˣݼ£
ں찁£һ˳һֱں찁ԸǹİݼһͺݺȻֱ˵λˣȻ񾳽ǿߣЩ໹ǲò˵ġ
ԹѪһ֮壬Ѫͳͨ飬˵֮ˣƲ壬ʵѪȻƣ໥ȴѵ
ǿߣԵã֮ͬһܹõĿԼΪ㣬ԣභ빫£ΪѪѪͳ룬ΪѪǰ;룬һЩĴ㣡
渵ģⷬȷûʲô
ɲ˵úݺȥҼѪſ֮ĻˣϾڳ˵ĻǶð
ֻܹݺ˵һ£ںݺ벻Ͳܹܵŵˡ
ڣ˵ⷬʱѾԼ֮⣬Ѿ˱ߺݺ߳ŭɵ׼ֻͺݺȻ˰Ե
ݺ˵ͷǣѪһ徫ӢӵǧǧҪãδҪһŮ֪֮ѪҲп̤뵽񾳽ġ
ЦһЦźݺĻ˵ӽ쿪ʼ壬ӭһҪʢʱǿ߲ԴҲܹԽԽѪδûᡣ
Ȼݺమ˱ҵˡ֮䲻ܵãҲѪ岻ܡһεĻսѾһռĻ彮ڵǺӣҪѪ壡
ڻ彮Ǻӵķ䣬ȻлȨģһ˲֪ϢͨĺܣȫѻеõϢ»Ȼһ˸ɵģ
ˣΪѪȡǺӣȫ㲻ʲôˡ
ӵǺΪصѪ壬ܹõԴ֮ǰḻܹźǻǰ
͸Ѫһݴ
Ѫͨ߶ԣһݴ൱Ѫ徳һԴļ۸񽵵֮ҪΪøɼ򵥣
һ˵ʲôҪԴ
οͳĻֻǺӡ
޷СкСһ»Ск


1636 ɱ
»Скκ˵Ǽѵõıˡ
Ƕ˵кܴĿܴҵһЩȽõĶ˶һԾһصս˵ȴرҪ
Դȱ
»СкпӵеĶ˵̫ҪĻʱ䣬Ҫһʱȥѽ
»СкͷСкһ֮ǸѪˡ
ݺŮˣݺѪ壬ôѪǿûʲôҲڽΪһ
ڵǺ˵ѪʵҪǺһصģϾе׾žʮЩûмŵؾڡ
СкȡʱѪʹмû˸˵ˣСкǿߵСк
ǿߣѪ˵ǱȽңԶĶʲôѪǺӵĻǼûʲôֿģȻ˵ںݺ̤֮ǰ
ǿߣѰǰͷ·Ǹ߸ϵ飬Ȼֻ񣬵嵱кҲû̫ˡ
ǿСкǰܲȣ
찁𾪵Ĵվڸǲסľϲ֮ɫСкһ»Ск
Ӧͬµİɣ
ôύһ˿һİ͸Ѫ壡
ңСӾȻ˵ڻս֮ŵǺӵķΧѪ塭СӼǳҲǸ½ѰɣôôĻȨ
΢һ˼֮󣬺찁֪϶Св֮ԲŻˡ
ʲô찁ϾûдﵽǸΣôҲѲ²ĳοҪ˵Խ»նɱĻ˵찁Ҳš
ô˵찁ǳԽԼѪκһſˡ
ȻͳôôѪٵͲˣο˼ҶѾһѪѣҲûа취ֵò죬ʹ˽ҹ

Ѫ֮ͺݺ׼ǰ彮ϣ׼æһս
˳㣬Ҫȥһ˾壬ЩʦǸͨʱǵõһϢǾǺӾȻ⵽˹
Ի壬ˮʯ壬һγ˺üͷҪǺӵ磡
ھ嶯ǺƺˮʯһεĿȷҪ繥ơ
ͺݺ¸趼뿪Ǻӣֻʣ֪ҺҶ΢ţһʱ֮侹Ȼ֮޷ȥΪԷʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ܶȶʮǿߣ˫͸һ
ʮܶȵˮʯҲǴ۷һˣôԸһǺС
õϢ֮󣬺ɻ
˼һͷֶǽ塢еǱڸĹȻ廹ûôϢǿԵġ
˵塢еҪ֣ô϶ᾭˮ塢ʯĽ
ǺӣҲ˵彮ǰսˡ
ôȻȥɣߡ
Ժݺ˵꣬ȻȰʥۺ¸һһȥǺӱȽϺá
һֱڣǺӵĴڣѰ֪飬ֻǿߣԼ֪Զ彮յУһ
߻սѾûҲûҪ̲ȥˣǺ⵽ǱҪȽ飬пܣˮʯ˽ǺӣҪõǺڲʱꡣ
ĻýǿֱӴ͹᷽һЩ
ˮʯ˴ģķƣǷһЩˣпܵľǽͻеǱߵĶ򣬰ʱĻԷӦðϢ͵ߣȻ׼ˡ
Խ׼
Ժݺһ䡣
ȻʱûĴڣܴܿһʱ򣬶ԷͻˣпܶԷˮʯĽеȴϢأʯˮ̽̽·ʲôҲǰ׼
ľٴ룬ǱȽϺġ
ˣҲ׼С
ֻҪʮܶȵڶҵĶ֣嵱УǴܶȰʮǿߵģȻĴڲ뿪佮򣬳ǺӣһЩܶʮģӦò⡭
ţ֪ȽϽ
ˣںݺȥѰʥۺ¸裬֪ͨһȥʱѪǺеһտص㣬߶˾֮ԼʮʱټС
ʼ
ڿʼʱ޿̲״̬̤˾ĵĿռ䣬Ȼʮٶȣɱй
֮ǰɱѾСɣ֮󾭹»ļս˺ܶɱɱƽʱζﲻġ
ᣬ˾ĵ㵱УޡͻȪϽյԼڣɱй֮ǰ»սʱĸ֪Ѹ
ھ֮ʱټУʱʮ
ʮ꣬Źȥһ꣬ڶʱԼӦʵиΣֶΣЩƵǣ»ͷ񣬾֮ʱټֻʮ
ҪһͻƣҲ֪Ҫʲô»ûõĻҪͻʮӦòͨɵˡ
ʱûʲôȥо
ݺȥѰ¸ʥ۹ô˵ҲúüʱϾʥۺ¸ڻ彮սϣԿ塣
⼸ʱʱ䣬ǺӵȫԳŵסʱҪ̫ڵġ
ԣҪľΪ֮׼ҪпֵܳĽ塢߻еǿߣܶʮӦˣпܳʮܶȵļһԸ
Ͼʴ¹УͷɫѾ֪壬һ֪õ˽ϵĻǾԻġ
ʱʱ䲢
˵ȴܹʱټˣϾʱ˶
»һսѾʮܶȣ񾳽εѾϤõɱܶ£ǰ˲һ㡣
ھ֮Ӱڵʱ䣬һζ
ݺʥۺ¸һ׼һعǺӵʱպôӾĺĿռ䵱߳
ʱĲڴﵽ˴ɵľ磡


1637 صǺ
˴ɾĹɱ֮ǰǿɱһǿһиҪı仯
ǾǴɾɱٶȱ֮ǰһ
˵ǰʩչɱҪʱ׼ĻֻҪһֱ̧ܴ߶ɱɱ¾ֳС
Ҳʱ򣬺ݺʥۺ¸ŮһҸµǺʱ꣬һʱ
ݺ̤񾳽֮󣬱ѾܹǺӵвɼǺӵʱ꣬Ȼ뿪֮󣬱ܹһͨʱֱӻȥ
ֽ׶ΣǺ񾳽ǿߵУҲֻռ˾۵֪ңӵжһ˴Զʱ½ҪʱֲֻܹС
ʱ˿̣ûж֣ƾŮѾЯִһʱֱͨǺӣȻʱ֮⹹һط
һѪǺеЩѪ߾ͲῴʱȻǰǺˣϾǺӵĴڶѰ˵һܴܡ
ƾʵȻǺܾͨ󣬵ǱϾ񾳽ǿߣʮܶȹɵط󣬳ǶԷҲҪȻԲܷʱ
ѪǺлǲֵģһ汾ϡ٣һ巽ǿߣ϶ȥԿˡ
Ϊ˱ʱһħ
ʲôڽ뵽ʱУħһʱܷȻ׼ȵʱʱʧħȻҲ֮Ϊҽ

ͨʱٴλصǺӵķΧ֮ڡ
ͺݺ¸Ůǲǰ뿪ģʥȴǵһΪͬӾĽгŴڣʥ۸˵ĹϵȻǺܲġ
˻صǺӵУ̾͸ܵһּŵգǵ˼
Ǻӵ򣬸ΧŵܵʱǺκ˶ܹõ仯
ʱ˿̣͸оΧռ·ڲȻܵǿĹơ
⹥ƣˮʯǿߣ
ôˣ
һֱ֣ӴʥŮһ˲Ƶ˿ĵط
طҶ΢֪ǿ߶ڣͬʱڵĻǺеսʿǣŵȴӾĽģȫۼ
Ǻܵʱ˶ͬ飬ûκҪܣǺӶ˵ȫ˵Լļ԰ܵκĹǺܴɡ
ʱ˿̣˶Ȼ󽫶ָɵҲҪѶԷˡ
ͬʱȴܾᣬΪҲû취ôǿɣ
ͷ񣬿ɶǳʮܶȵĴڡ
ҪɱԷҲûôס
ȻڣǺе˻֪Ѿ̤뵽ľ磬֪Ѿɱ˻»ϾϢҪﵽǺӣǱȽġ
ǺӵˣۿŮ֣ȫ񾳽ʱ򣬷׷׶ɴ۾
羹ȻѾͻˣ
Ҿ֪ûþͻƵģȻˣһҪԸЩһɾ׶ˣ
Ҫɵͷ񣬹ƾһ˿Ҳǲ˴ЭС
˷׷׾Ȼ²˼Ҷʵ֪Ȼ̤ôǰһ幥ƣӦܹ˵ģֻǶľսҲֹ̫۵Ĳ²⡣
ˮʯһܹͷǿߣͷǶʮܶȵǿڣͷҲʮܶȣԸѡ
عͷŮʱǰһ
ҪǣȻҲ̤뵽ľ磬һɾͺõöˡ
ûǺڵҲﵽԷһĳ̶ȣοǺӹһʱ䣬ȥԺúӭԷˣ
֮أ
ʵ
ܹʮ׾ţûд׾ţⲿӦòҪսֻǷɢΧǺΧǺӶΧ
Ҷ΢ƮȻЩǵ˵ǻǼͷ񣬿Ҳû취Щ׾ȫߣǺӵһЩϢҪԷ֪ˡ
޷ʯˮ壬ǲΪǣɵķпܴڵ񡭡ô˵Ȱˮʯ񶼸ɵɡ
˵һ䣬Ȼ׼Ѿȴ˺ܳʱ䣬ĥĥĻ绹пܱԷ׻ĻǺӾȫڲ״̬ˣͷ·ȺȥαװСһ
ɵ
˵Ҷ΢֪ЩȣȻаգܹͷȫɱɣ
Ҫ֪ͷǶʮ౶ܶȵ壬Ǳ֮һܶȣȻЩҪǿһЩ򲻹ҪܵĻӦҲŶԡ
ѵʲôʤķӣԽԷɱ
뵽˶ǳ˷ܺڴǸһжҲһˣرʴ¹о֪սҪԶѰߣ֮϶ͬˡ
ĻҪȫɱҲǲܵɣ
֪ǿʲôĳ̶ȣȴżǿģڣҵ˾ӡȻһ·
ֻ꣬ѭһԺеʶȻʶŴע⵽
ǸԺеʶЩŹ֣·֪һЩʲôһֻ֮ҲûнյǸʶʶԼԺֻԼǱʶ
Ȼ̤֮ܵʶ·ǳԽĴڣϢ֮ѰܹɢģҲС
ˣ֪˾ԲѰ֮ˣӵһЩȫ֪ԡ
ڣļƻ֮ȱ˵ǱһжɣԸһͷʮܶȵˮô
һᾡ콫ģͷҶħսҽˮǸɵġ
˵ͷѾսƻ
ʮܶȣˮʯǿʵ»Ȳ֮ǰ»ͷӵо̬ģ»ҪöԸˡ
Ȼܴ⣬סͷ񣬶ԼٶȽͷˮ
ֻҪжɹսûκε


1638 Ĳ
˷ֱҶ΢֪ңԼݺ¸ʥۡ
ʵ࣬Ҫ΢ǿһЩݺ¸ҲΪֳָԴƷǿһЩԽȥķҲܼ򵥡
ҪһͷʮܶȵʯǼһ˲ܽѹסʣͷһסһͷͿˣ˵ѹǺܴ
Ҫħȥ֧ԮħЩ񣬶֮ܵƵӰ죬ܶһ룬ܵʮܶ
£ŮȻ޷ɱԷԷҪŮǣҲǲܵġ
ǵٶȣһҪ죬ΪҸоһζԷƵı󣬻һЩʲôһ㶼ܴ⣬㵽ʱѶԷȫˣκ˶ģΪʱпΣս٣
˵꣬ڴ񣬳֮˳ȥ
磬Ǻ˵һػϣ֮ҪǺӣ빥УǶʮܶȵҪһС䣬Ҫٺüʱ䡣
˵Ҫȴܼ򵥣ΪжƬ
ƬЧ£ɴ磬ȻܵʹЩǡ
͸λɱ
֮ûκԥֱӾͷΪ۵Ļɫˮ
ͷɫˮǶʮܶȵĴڣͷ·һ̯ɫˮϢ԰ӰкԵ湥硣
ЩѾ罫һʱ䣬Ծɺܳ棬Ͼ˵ûʲôһ˵
Ȼǳʱ˵С٣˰˼Ѫһһ˵ǲ״ġ
ȼסҰǼһ˾ǡ
һ˵ţһͷųħħԸŮһȥԸͷˡ
Уݺ¸һħһһͷ͵ʯǿϮȥٶȼ죬һ˲㽫Է뵽һռС
ݺ¸ŮٶȶóԴƷұͷʮܶȵʯǿԶս
ͬʱħҲٶʩչ޽֮գͷʯϣ֮ƵЧʯܶ
ȽԶħǳֻ˶Է˱ܶȣˣҲѾ㹻ʵݺ¸ŮԸӦûġ
⼸ϣʥۡҶ΢֪ңһħȻԸͷһʱ֮䳡սңֲ˷Χɢȥ
֮սøһЩ׾ųԱ׷׳Զȥ
һǱεսĻôȴǵľΨ·һûκλ·ߣۿŴǺгǿߣ̱㳯Զˡ
ǲԼ䣬Ϊ֮ǰ鱨Ǻڵڲӵеļ½񣬲ûʲôȽǿĴڡ
£ôСǺ
Щ׾ųԱ׷׳źȥڱȽңԶĵطߵս֮ս亱սǻһЩΪʵһЩؼӰ졣
ʱսϵڿʼʩչ˸ԵǿֶΡ
УսͷɫˮΪ
һʼڴ㽫ԷһټһʱϵñȽϳĻս䲻пܵǺӷ
ⲻҪľ棬ͷɫˮȥʱûֺ֣֮ͨȻ
һɭȻɲıϢ֮£һͷھӰкȻֳһͨڵľ֮ȻӾ֮мڹͷɫˮΧ
ʱҵĸо˲併ٵͷǿĻɫˮϡ
ˮûôϾҲǸܶȲʮ½񣬵ֵ֮ʱѾ쵽ԾˣоȻ̺ʱ
޷ƿصڽͻе嶼ûܹ˳ֵƿʱ֮
ˮ巴ӦѾˣʱҵĸо
֮ľ֮ͨͷɫˮ뵽һʱҵĿռ䵱УȻʹ䳹޷԰ΣͬʱܶҲʮֻʣʮ̶ȣҲûʲô̫ˡ
ɱɱ
ԥ߶ɱɱУ˲佫ͷʱҿռĻɫˮ帲ֽȻͬɭȻ֮ʴˮڡ
ڶԷӵ̬ɱʴӵӦ֣ڶԷ˺
Ҳʱ򣬶ԷĻɫʱͷɢ˿ȻɫСˮΣΧɢȥҪСˮδӶܡ
ֻϧôԸ
֮򣡡
ͨǾ֮вϼڹȫʮʱټЧս룬Ӱ죬֮һУеĶʮһ
£ͷɫˮСˮΣҪߣܴƤӵˣдзɳȻвˮϵ̫֮
ᡭ
ˮϵ̫֮дӳкȻըСˮζУȻ󳹵
ѰµĻɫˮ񣬾ԲܵӰ죬ҪɱֻСˮΣÿһСˮεķ㲻ֵһˣɱ㱻룬Ȼ󳹵ױ鿪Ϊյеʷ
еĹ£СˮûκһܹѵģȫˮСкǴƮɢյУֱˡ
ѣĲ㡣
зųâһ䱬ڰоѵ˵Ĳĳ̶ȣľѼǱģеˮϵ̫֮ʮܶȡ
Щȡ
ô˵ΪѾ̤뵽ľ磬Ծпʹܶ½ĳ̶ȡ
ţ˷ܣһɾֶһɱУ
еܶʮ֮ᶼܹǿ˺ҶԸؾ֮ľŵĻȫһѹġ
ٶԸЩ׾ŵĻͲҪ׹ˣֻҪᣬԼþϢ֮ͨͿԸ㶨ˡ


1639 ˲ɱ֮
ֻڶ̶ʱ֮ڣ㽫ͷɫˮɵˡ
ȻҪɱеֶǹɱʵûо֮ĻɱܽԷɵᱻԷɶ㿪
Ҫ˵ֶεǿģʻҪ֮ͨ
һкĿֶΣֳܹ뵽ʱ϶УöԷʱȫûа취κֶΣκ޷ܶȴﵽʮ˾ʮҲһ
ǴﵽһٱܶȣУܹһС
ڽʩչǿֶΣûиԷκλᣬҪᣬѶԷһ򾡣öԷڳЩлܡ
һУ
ǺӵϢȻ©ҪɵöԷ֪ǺӾԲЩ߾ߵĵط
ԾֶΣͷɫˮǿֱӸɵʱһĻó˶ˡ
׼ʥۺͺݺ¸裬ʱ˿̶ЩţͷɫˮǸ»˶ٵĴڰ˵»˹򣬵Ȼô׵Ľͷˮɵ
ڻսҶ΢֪ңŮȫû뵽ܹ˲Ѷָɵ
ԭǶѾ˳־ս׼ȴû뵽ȫûǶսĻᣬԷͷˮ񱻸ɵ֮սĽѾԶ׼ˡ
ͷˮ񱻸ɵͬʱͷʮܶȵʯ;쵽˲Ҫתܣ±͵Ŀռסˡ
ʱ򣬺ݺ¸ħսʱ䣬ѾˮĲ״ԥĴܡ
ͷʯǺһǺӵˮʵ̫࣬ˮ񶼱һɱٲߵĻһĿɾˡ
ûκԥתܣռ˲䴩͸ȥƺҪԶƬռ䡣
һαȻֱӳһʱʱܹڼʱ䣬ȴܹ⼸ʱڽ͵Զĵط
׷ĻǾ͸պã԰׽һ򾡡
׷ĻôͿ˳ܣסһҵõйϢӦܹõĳЩĽ
ϧǣͷʯ̫Щ
ħס
һħԶֶΣһħǰ۳һ֮ȻͨȴҲܹһƬʱټ򣬽ͷʯ˽ȥ
֣ȻħܹôܹõֶΣΨֻ񻯵ľ֮ͨ޷ʩչ
Щħ֮ͨ֡Ϣ֮ĶܹʩչֻЩħȽԶʱʩչĸֶ½
⣬оȻ̤񾳽֮ʩչκֶζҪЩֶζʱʩչ࣬˵СڲĿռ䡣
رħһбֵΪԣÿħͨ߾֮ɱЩȽǿֶ֮ʱСֲĸо
ﵽһٽ㣬ǻ˵С磬ͷ·ǿ˰˼Ѫ֮һһ˵С磬СڲˣҪȰ˼ѪȫһЩҪ޸ҲҪĴ֮
Ҫʴ¹еõĴ֮ʵǲ٣϶ȡսʽûϵСܵһЩصˣҲܹѸմָ֮
ħʩֶΣͷҪܵʯʱټУȻɱȻ
ת˲֮䣬ͨմԽ˲˹һֱ̧֣֮ͨӴ߶
ͷʮܶȵʯǿߣʵԲһģԸݺ¸ħȫ·磬ѹסǡ
֮ͨȴһ㷴ûеı뵽ʱļ϶У
ʱԵʱѾٻˣȴʱڴأȻɱȻ䣬ɭȻ֮ʴʯڡ
ͷˮ岻ͬǣͷʯǿҪǿ࣬ƾɱ޷ʱڽ䳹ɱ
ѾɵɱͷʯУȴ̺ĳֶһĵֿɱʴ֮󣬱һϡ
ɼͷʯԲǺǿκϣҪɱҪѵʵ̫ˡ
ɱǹֶΣʴ¹жѹ׵Ĵڣʲô˶ѧûģˣҪɱʯǼ
ͷʯʱ֮󣬱ʱ϶ĳʱгײȥ
ʱټ򣬶ֲĳײ֮£һЩռŤֻϧʱƿأʯ˵ǿ޷ͻʱټ
ᣬϣ
һ̧֣б˲ˮϵ̫֮ʱڴȻγһˮϵ̫֮УʯС
ܶͬﵽʮͷʯܶȣ֮ƵӰֻʣʮ˫Ѿˡ
ɱ˫Ӱ£ʯôǿᣬվǿʼʹݻ٣һѺۣʯɫ⻬ıϳ֣ȻɭȻ͸ŰΧʴ
ʱԵʱڴ͵ʯȻֶν泹߽ˡ
һĻǾ쳣
ǿѾˣʣĸ翹ĻǸԷͲˣ
ͬʱͷʼͷŲͬɳۿȥͷʯͷˮȫһģһѡȫ޷ǿڵʱǵĶ־ȫʧ١
װԿܲܣϾôǿҲֻһˡ
ϧǣȻֻһˣȴӵħ
ǵħѸٴ߶˾֮ͨʱټ˲Χɢͷȫڡ
ͷܵĶ˲֮ǰʮеĿռͱ˷ʥ۵ʥ֮ͨЩ޷óʲôռĽ˲ƴ͡
£֮Чǵõ󻯵ķӡ
ʱ֮޷赲
һ̣˲ɱ֮ͷԣͷ׷׸ɵԸЩĲұ˵ֻҪһоɸɵ
ԸÿһͷǳУǾɱᣬΪľȷԷɵ󻼡


1640 Ĳ
ˮʯһѸ͹ƣ֮֮䱻Ȼ߽⡣
ͷʮ౶ܶȵˮʯǿߣȻʩչȫеֵûа취ֵѣ֮ľ̫֮ͨǿȫѰֵܹ񶼲С
еȫɵ֮ûѡʤ׷
ǺΧŲ׾ŵĳԱŰΧʱ˿׷ѡת
ûҪЩؾȫɵΪѶʵ̫ˣԷɢ̫Ǻ֮ȫУûҪȥϸԸ
οĵ飬ǽ塢ͻеǿǺ˷ɢȥЩؾ壬һʲôǿڵľѻǾͷǳΣˡ
Ϊ˱þ֮ͷʬ֮󣬱ֱӴ˻ع鵽Ǻڲ
ѾЩ׾ɢҶǺӼƣҪȻĻȴǵֻ·һûô޴ġ
ǺӷΧһλָƽ״ֻ̬ϧƽ϶̫ʱ䡣
ͷʬ壬ʵ񣬾֮ȻûвʲôԵı仯
صǺ֮̾Ϳʼо
֮ǿֶΣҲԸЩǿɴֶΣһеƺһƿУﵽʱټʮЧǽʱ϶еЧҲͣͲǰ޷ǿ
ʱ˵ƺѾ㹻ȴ֪һʲôǿĴڣǶþ֮ҲһܹԷɵ
緽ŵͷʯܶ屶ңҪɱԷ;ûô˳ˣٻûѺܳʱ䣬ܹڽԷĥ
Ȼ֮ЧǿƣܶȻǴžޣǽ˴ɵľ磬ɱǲԶԸЩǿÿµĵˡ
һһرľԣǾǸո񻯵ľ֮ͨСоͳһЩʱѺۣȻЩʱѺ۲󣬵иԤУһٽõ񻯵ľ֮ͨĻЩʱѺ۽Ѹų
˵ǷǳΣյΪһСܵȽϴģƻӰ쵽֮ͨп⵽ˣ
ֻε񻯾֮СеˣҲѾǴ߶һΰ˼Ѫȫ֮ĳٵطʱѺۡ
ҪЩʱѺ޸Ļٵһö쾧һƷĴ֮ˡ
εĻֻճƷܹ֮ȫָˣһЩӰ졣
;бһö쾧һƷĴ֮СеѺ۶׸ԭ
֪ȥսеĻرҪ£ǲҪ񻯾֮ΪãҪȻĻȫǵòʧöɱԷֻôɡ
񻯾ֻ֮ܵɱã
Ӧܹһˡ
ڻǱȽڴȥ
صǺ֮󣬲ûи̫˺֮ģ̾ץʱ뵽˾У׼
ɱй˴ɵʱܹ̤뵽ĺĿռĲУȥ̽Ķ֮ָʴ¹ǽɫʯϢ
²⣬ѵǴһʴ¹ĵطȡģ
Ҳܸˡ
ô˵ʵҪģص˾ĺĿռ䵱УֱŵĲռȥ
֮ǰĺĿռһ㣬¼ž֮طĹ֮ӡܹǿֿ֮ͿֶεЧ
ڶĺĿռ䣬Ǽ¼ħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡǿȱøǿٶȸ졣
ֻҪھ֮ʱټΧڣҪɱǲܵ飬ΪԷʱټ״̬жʮ
ˣҲܹ˲ȫǼĵֶΡ
ĿռУŵıɱй̤Ŀռ֮ճѧɹģ֮ǰõֻǾ۸ĿռеĶԼ¼ɱ
ƾĻҪɹɱֱǲܵ顣
˾ĵĲ㣬ֻоһɭȻĹƬ룬һ鷽ʯƮڰյУͷһЩɭɫĹ֡
һˣȥʯŵģȻһƪط
ǡط
һۣʱ;ϲ
ططֲͬĸ
ط֮ǿĳֶΣƿء֮ħ֮Ķط
طר񾳽ǿߵͨطǱܹѹܶȣԼԽԽʵԽԽӽ顣
ڳǰģһƪط
֮ǰ嵱УûκܹطΪÿ츳ԺͶһֻԼطΪʵġ
ǰȴһƪطЩᡣ
ѻ˵ʺԼطĳЩضʱ䣬ǰĳܾȻͨһЩ
ǰƪط費Ҫأ
صĶӦûͦʺҵİɣҪȻĻҲܹˡ
һ룬Լ㲻طУΪٵǳڶʱĻȵǿûκεֿ
Ĳ˵ֻʮܶȵǿߣȡʤһǿǺ嶼˶뵽ΣС
ط
ܿʵһǿʱûǿ;ˣһǣĺĿռȻֻĲ㣬滹У
ھ۵ʲô̶ȣ֪ȻĿռĲطġ
ͨطһ·ٰʮܶȡطӦûġ
ţҪѸʵʱĳЩûҪȥˡ
ʼ۲ʯϵط
Ĺ֣ԭǲʶģԺдһЩԾ۵ĴУЩֵ廹ǱȫĿӡԺС
Щȫס֮ĵĲռбĿʼط
ȻöЩ֣Ҫطʲô򵥵飬ӵоֱ֮ͨӽԼʱټʮٶȿʼ


1641 ľž
ӾĿռĲУõεط
ʼ֮طƽľžֳܹɾŸ׶Σÿɹһ׶ΣܶȾܹһȻŸ׶οѭ
ڶѭľŸ׶ΣȵһѭʱҪࡣ
Ҳ˵ҿͨطɴﵽʮűܶȣȻľžĵһѭҲɣҪ򣬽ԼܶȲѹҪܳʱġ
ڵƾڣ½ûпʼʱѾõľžطӵʮ˵ٶȣ
һ֮ǰѻ˵һЩص֮ĵطûбҪȥˣΪѾӵط
ܹ½طĵطƺֻܶʮ½ܹ̤룬ľžطܶûа취ֵطˡ
ʼľžطʱܹܶȵõ֮⣬һĵط
Ǿľž֮밵Ӱĵϳ̶ȣȻܹͻƵʮļޣﵽʮߵĲΣ
Ӧģϵ̫֮໥Ҳࡣ
ɴĸӰǣĵϳ̶ȱᱻ࣬ӰȽϴľǿռˣõӵ̫ƷУڿռķ滹ҪԼҪȻĻľž֮»ᱻ١
ʱ˿̣Ǻ޹˼ɵ
ľžط˵Ǻܺʵط
Ϊİ˴ͨԼɱڰӰԵֶΣӰϳ̶˵ǿԡ
棬Ҳֻо⣬пս似ˣЩ似ǳõģҲǿ˵Ѿ޷ԵӰˡ
ֻнĳ£ܴǿս
վŷԭȻԾΪôҪӰԵ¡
ľžطÿһѭһİӰϣҽһŸѭĻΡ
񾳽Ĵڣ彮УҪһЩԴǺɵģװϣʮϡ
ﵽʮ֮ҪͲô׵飬ҪԴ֮⻹ҪԼ
״̬£ܹĶϵʮôľžľŴѭϣҲֻʣ
ͬʱ밵ӰԵϽﵽʮһ
һĳ̶ȡ
֪öôǿ
ӰϴﵽʮʱʩչһаӰĵоʹȻĸʴЧ൱ɱƾĳɡ
֪Ӱʮ߲εʱ򣬻ʲôЧ
ڴȻʱѿЧ
ϾҪľžһѭҪѾŸ׶ζһ飬ʮűܶȣʮʱٶ£Ҳô׵顣
һȻǣ϶Ҫࡣ
ľžطͱҪ٣ЧʺٶЧ϶Ҫǿܶࡣ
֪Ч֮ͬʱ֪ͨһºݺȥ彮һˣΪȡһЩϳ̶ȵⵤҩǵҩƲҲУֵˮƽ嵱жǶġ
ݺȻȥˡ
ûеõطҪҪܳʱҪǶԳԴƷ򣬲ȫˣսҲȫ޷Ტ۵ġ
Ǻݺֻ̫̫ǿ
ȽЩ½Ҫǿ̫̫࣡
֮󣬺ݺΪһⵤҩܹԵϳ̶ȵģռ䡢桢սԪػйԵ˵ƽôãܲϳ̶ɸİɣ
Щҩ֮ܿͰ߸Եʮ
̤ǰҪõôԴѣҪŬüʱ䣬ȴֻһ仰飬ߵˡ
˵ĵλԶԶ֮ϡ
ȻͿʼľžطٶȱǿ

ȥһʱ֮
Ѿʱټʮ£Ҳǽһʱ䣬ôʱ֮ڣľžҲȡ˲ٵЧ
ľžĵһѭŸ׶Σƽ¾һ׶Ρ
ʮ¹ȥѾ˵׶ΣܶҲﵽʮ屶ĳ̶ȣҲ˵֮ǰǿ󣬸ӽܣԱƽ⡣
˵֮ǰԶԸܶʮҵǿߣôڣԶԸǿߵĲΣѾʮˡ
֮Էʮܶȣǿ״̬£ǿ˼Ѫ˱ܶȣֲʮ˱ܶȲ
֮ɱܹԽüܶȥսʤ֣ʮܶȵǿߣΪ
ȻԷ˹򣬲ӵʲôֵֹĹ֮ƣҪԸͱȽˣ취ĻδزܴӮԷ
ҲʱǺ֮һ֮͡
һ֮ͣ࣬²ȻԽ塢ͻеǿߣ
ÿ壬ܹǾΪ׵ͷǿߣȻӵнʮܶȣʮ˱ʮű
ǿߣ彮ƫԶѾܹӵоƣʲôġ
ȻǰûʲôĻ
ڣһ⣡
½塢ͻе壬Ҳ֪ܹڶ̶ʱڣô࣬ҵõطܶҲõǿ
Ǿͷǿʱ򣬱˽Ϣ
Ϧ裬һֱھĿռʵҲһǰ˲٣񾳽绹Щࡣ
֪ͨйؽǿߵʱͨơ
ʱ򣬻սѾ䶨Ҳõ˼ȶĺôԭ彮ռ˰ʮҵǺӣʼϢʥ۰æǰȥȡͨƣõ˶Էһӭ
ϾھǺܹô콫ƣҪ;ɵ»ҪȻĻⳡսô˳öһʱпܽ
ԶǺܻӭģȻԹŮ˹Ҳһġ
ھ忴һ½ӦöŮˣϾߵô


1642 ͻ
ͨƵĿģȻҪԼ嵱̺ŵĽԼá
ӵһٱܶȵ֮Ȼܽȫ򣬵ֻһ֣ҲǼǿĴڣʮ֮һĽӵʮܶȵĽ
ʮ֮Ľӵжʮܶȵ֮֮Ŀʼ׶ӦǱȽ׵ġ
ͨƣһѹʱȴԼԽȻûһ˿һ
ü
ֱΪͨûЧҲΪѶȹߣΪԭ򣬲Żûܹ򵽽ġ
һƿͨȥһ֮ٶٱ൱ʱ䣬ûٷ֮һĽ˵ΪѶȵĻҲ̫ˡ
ţȻ֮׶Ӧòô
һȴԭѪеĽȻȫˣܹܵԴڵģȴҪʮϸܷѪҺеĽ
һֱʼѪȻûȴԸ̺ܵɭȻɱ⡣
ǡһ
ѵԾ
һܵɭȻϢ;ơ
˵ǾֹĻôһҲ˵ùȥˣ²һ£оҲ̺ĳ֮Ȼ֮˳ͻ
ǿľž֪ľž֮ϳ̶Ƚ᲻Ͻ͡
˽պȵľž߲Σһᵼ½޷ȫչֳ
ԼѪҺеɭȻɱ⣬ʶӦǾб̺ĳ֮ľžܹ֮ѡΨһ
ʱ֪ʲôҲ֪߱ʲôȴѾѪҺӣܵ
֪Ҫȵʲôʱܹ
ȫûͷҲƲ飬Ϊֹʼ޷͸֪ĿռڵĲ֮󻹴ʲô
ûЩʧõǵõľžʱʵ
壬壬е壬徹ȻͬʱˣҿֻǾͷ񣬲ǿֻʮűܶȣƲƫԶ尡
Ϧ˵ͷ۾˵
ʮűܶȵù𣿡
ϦСѾͷѾһͤͤĴŮǰϰ߳Ϊ硱С
ҪֻһͷĻû⣬ԷͷеѰ졣
˼һ˵Ҳûа취ȳȥɣȺһ㡣
˴ӾĺĿռ뿪ȻǰǺս
սǰãһ޽ģսǺ룬λڶһԶżڸͷһʯػš
սǺ˵һսµĵطǺеľṹʼ𽥳Ϊһķչ
սУѾһ
Ҷ΢ʥۡݺ¸裬֪ң˵Ǻӵе۷սҪɲ֡
ϦˣȻҲǲﵽ߶δ۷֮ʵѾܹѹĴǿߣɻŲԽĺ蹵
е֮ǿߡ
ֻľž֮ǰܹѹˣ˵ľžܶʮ屶ǰǿ̫ࡣ
֪ңܶȻָ˶ˣ
սʵľǹ֪ҵ⡣
֪ռ˾۵ܶһֱߣľž֮󣬱㽫طڸ֪ңƾط֪ռݵľܶȣͿʼѸٻָ
ԭľۣܶȾǳ˰ʮġ
ʱȥҲ֪֪һָΡ
µõľž֪֮ҵܶٶȣԶԶѰߡ
Ѿﵽʮܶȡ
֪ģڣ޷仯Σش˵
ʮܶȵľսԲˣѾԽ嵱о
ԭǿڶ̫֪ҵĶˣȻ֪Ҳٿؾ۵޷ʩչͨȴѾѾ似۷徳硣
ʱľžָ֮ܶ⣬ˣɱûжΪоѶ̫ߣʱڲʲôɹҪٽӶǿߣڶʱ似õİ취
ͷӽʮܶȵ֮⣬ͷʲô̶ȣ
ѯʡ
Ǹʮ񣬲ǵϢŨ񣬿²»ʵǿһԸˡ
ݺҡҡͷüЩ֮ɫȻû뵽ԷڣʵȻǿ
ܹͷϮ£ľžʵֵ֮ܵסֵĻǺӵܿͻᱻԷƣʱ䡣
ĻǺڲ״̬ξͻ൱Σ
иϢǣǰһоһķ󣬾ǰ죬ͻԵĽչǺӱԵ֮⣬׼ŷۡ
ص˵ǷǳɹԿסȺȻԽһͷһͷֱĻǵѹɾɶˡ
֮⣿
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ǼΣյ鰡
ϾΪƾ֮ûκô
˵ͷϮķ򣬶ԷӦòᷢ㷢ҲٶȻص֮ȫûʲô⡣
ҪģҪڿս֮󣬽ЩȫյµķȥҪȻĻǻסһˡ
¸˵
š
˵ͷŮ˼ˡ
ԭѾڿʼ׼ԵеķǺֻ֮ҪȺ뷨УܹסҲ֪Ӧûġ
һԶżУȻΪɳ籩ıݻ࣬ЩʣĻɳ籩Уǿ̽ܶڶһ״̬
˴ӦǷʲôǿķṹǿܹסĳ̶ȡ
˵ǸϢ
߰ɣһʱ乥ƣȥǱ߿һҪȫ׼ȷսƻɹ
˵ͷ뿪ս


1643 ֮
˳Ŵ˿ڴ˹ȥ
õϢ˲һǱжǴӣҲ˪ŮһڲǸС֮з
˪㺣ϣʥǵнʶŮӣһ·ڣΪ˵ĵӣһѧϰͷֶΡ
ôʱ䣬Ůͷ棬Ѿ˲͵裬ϾҲǼŮһ츳ŻŮΪӵģҪȻĻ˷ʱʲô
֮ǴӶһԶżķƺ˶סεĴڣδԹ֪ЧΡ
˵
ţǹȥܹƲǷˡ
˵ͷʲôֻҪͣʽжչ֮ǰ϶Ҫȿһ֮ķ󣬹ȷһǷӵʲô
ܿһڶ˲Զ
֮ͨǺ֮յУԶԶļ˪ŮһвһӰεķ
ڲõʱ򣬵иݳǸһƵĻɳĵһɣôͻΪ
طʽȫûΧĿռ϶Уͨƿصط޷ܵڣǼõġ
ǰΣж󣿡
ǰȥѯһ䡣
û˵ӭЩϲĴһ˵ͻˣȴûмǼˣװ֮ǴӶһԶżеõģӦܹסŶԣŻҪʱˡ
ţˡ
΢ЦŵͷȻʣǰѧϰʲôɣʲôս
ƵսﶼǲֵһģǺʿǾ⣬ǰæսһ㶼Ϲżսˣ㹻õĻ̫żսҲƳֻ޾սû취죬Щؼĵطû͸
˪ӭ˹Ϊ˵
ȫֳ羴ĸоǰãڵǰָ߸ϵĸооЩİϾܳʱ䶼ûмˡ
ŮûʲôƲư֮飬ȫǸǰһĹİţ;ͺãô׵ģǰо˼꣬ӵĳɾ͡
ٺ٣Կ䣬СŮޣİæ༸ʱ䣬ӵˮ׼
˺ٺһЦعͷ˵Ͼǵ磬ҵҪˣһ·Ϊ׾磬Ѿʱ䣬ھѾδˣﵽ߶δ׶Ƕʱڵ顣
ʦ̵з
ŮĹ˹ӡ
ͷǰʲôˣ֮ЩϸҪãǵÿЩɲС
˶˰֣Ůȥ÷ˡ
ҪһЩԼΧ֮ķ˵֮룬ôʦҪõһЩʯ
ЩʯǱĵĴ֮Ȼǿע
粼ܹ֮׼˰ʮöʯҲǱעĴ֮Щʯ֮⣬ûʲôô
Ȼ̫ת֮ԭʯеᱻתΪҪͣתʱ˥Ӱ첢Ǻܴ
ʮöʯѾȫͶУյУΪ̫תΪֻɳģתʽû֪ԭҲֻǸݴӶһԶżеĻɳ籩к򵽵һת
ֻã˵ԭѾ˲ˣһ㡣
ȥܶùȥоֶ
֪䣬֮ˡ
ɳӰڰյ֣кܶһ˸Щ̺ǿܵЩ𾪡
֮򵥰
㣬ֻҪûдﵽʮܶȵ񣬵֮ķУᱻ䳹סҪ֮ҪһӵʱС
˵ЩʮܶȵˣлϾͺѳˡ
塢е塢ǲһ¾뵽ܹó֮۷巨ֻҪһЩ۲ʯסǿ
һȻѾ壬̫Լε⣬ԶԶԽˮ׼
ǶһԶżУ˶ܹܶõ֪ʶֻҪʱˡ
֮Ҳֻеһ֡
ˣλⷨڿʼľͿǵˡ
ʱ֮˽һöɳʯͷʯȫֻ֮Ҫöʯ֮ܿЩС
ÿһͷе񣬶ǷֿģҪƷҲֻƾס֮ǿѡȷһͷơ˵εͣλǧҪСĲǡ
ţ鷳ǰˡ
ӹöɳʯͷһеһģͷĵĽ
ǺӵеŽһģΪ˻˶ŬҲѾȫҪҵסôǿķԲס
ȻΪֹûʵֶ˵ĳŵҲǰ̤񡪡ڵˣȷǰǺӵԼļػˡ
Ҫͻ츳ǾԲܵġ
ԼҲ֪һ㣬ȻǺӵ˶½֣δԼˡ
ĴУѾʴ¹ɱϢԼ֮⣬ֻ֪֪Ѿ˳ɣѾ㹻ȫȫΪǺˡ
֮ɡ
˱̷ɢȥ׼ж
ҪЩѶȻǱȽϸߵģҪҪöԷȫ֮ķΧܲףȻ֮ķΧﵽ˷ԲǧҲûа취֤ԷȫԼ׷ɱ
ҪһЩȥǡ
ţʼ˼Щ̬Ȼ󿴿ûʲôطܹͻƵġ
˼һѾ⡣
Ȼ󣬱ֱӳǾͷķ򣬶Է˹ȥ
ˣһɶǺӵУ뿪벽ҪȻȺ϶ֻ·һȻ޷Ըôܻ࣬а취ġ
ǺӱԵ磬ѾԷҡҡ׹Ҳʱڳ˳ȥ


1644 ռƻ
ڽ塢ͻе˵Ĵڣ϶һذը
Ͼǽ塢ͻеڲֻһǿߣʴ¹õڵлˣΪӮҡ
ΣõϢ֮ôģһ֪
ֻ֪ԷڹǺӱԵ磬ֹԷĻǺӾͻᱻԷƣ
ⲻҪĽ
ûκԥ׼սֱ֮Ӿͳ˳ȥ
ոճ磬͸ܵһֲ֮ϮһͷĿֲ⣬յзӵм֮
ԭǺģֱ߳ӳ
մԽ
ʶĴ߶մԽ˳ǰռ˲ƶȥ
ͬʱ˾֮طԲƿնȥҪȻĻ⸽ռѱգ˲ơ
ֶΣһǾͷǿע⡣
Ͼܹӿռ˲ƵֶΣǺӵжǲġ
˵ģһǺӵܹоͷͷ壬ͷ壬ͷе壬ҸͷĶʮ˱ʮűҵܶȣ˵ѹǷǳġ
Ķ֣ͬʱԸһãܹƾ֮ͨѶԷɵͬʱԸͷܣοܹ֮ͨʹãСʵ̫ˡ
Σ˵ѾǼޣѾܹ֮ܳһʱڶɥʧս
εĻȻܹһö쾧һƷĴָ֮ϵ쾧һƷ֮ҲѾˣȻʴ¹еõ˺üö֮ǰð˼Ѫ֮ǰδ߶񻯵ľ֮Ѿյö
Ȼ֮ﲻȱҲ˷ѡ
֮ķֶΣһεĹƣ㹻ͷ۲ѡ
ɣЩ񣡡
һ˳ƿնȥҽ׹ֱӴ߶
һȼڻ˲յг֣ȻǾͷƹȥֲƻ׵׵ı⻹̤֮ͷһζԴƷȫֱЩ𾪡
Ǵڻ˲סһͷ״ĽȻɭȻڵĻ㽫ͷ֮ȼȻͷȫ޷ѣ
Ҫ֪ͷǶʮıܶȵǿڣ»Ҫǿ࣬ҸоõѾѿ˹򣬾ǲ֪пʲôĹ֮ӡ͹֮ơ
Σڱ߶׹˲֮ͷֱܶӱʮıĳ̶ȣֻ൱ڱ½ǿôһ㡣
ܶȱ£׹ȥȻ˲佫ʴͷ徹Ȼȫûа취ֵ
ȻѾʩչٷֶΣԼֶָΣȻѸٱʴ
õǣһԵͷʮ˱ܶȵĽ״̳֣ϮƬе׹Ȼ˿ȥ
ͷϾȻӵһԴƷһѽεԴƷѾȫе
εԴƷвϱ⣬Ȼ׹ƾУϾͷܶȴﵽʮ˱֮࣬Ȼ֮ʮֻʣ¶ʮ˱ǱҪǿ̫ˡ
ͷǿҲԳ֣׹ˣȼڻ˲䱻˹ΧɢȥյԵüɭȻ
ֲ׹Χȥȴʼ޷Щʲô˺
ͷΪ׵Ľ·ڳЦĲ⳯ڴϮҪ׸ɵƬյС
ûκԥֱתܡ
ҪԷ뿪ƹǺӵıԵ֮⣬֮ķڵķ򣬸ոմ߶׹ֻǳһⶫѡ
Ӧ֪߼ԴƷĴڵģչֳҲʲôķգһܹöԷΪ߼ԴƷŷɳսȴָǾŸĶ֡
񣬴ƫԶбʹһ̬ȣǺȫûʲô֮ۿȻ׷ȥ
Ǻӵ˳ǵȻ׷ģֵȴӵһ߼ԴƷȫȷˡʴ¹Уõ˽ţ
ǴеĿˣǸںǺĵطֱӳΧȥ
ȻܣôǾ׷һСӣʮ屶ܶȶѣиǵĶ֣ǿƫԶСطʲôܹɱǡ
޼ɵ׷
ٶ˿ЩһжսԴѵĲ֮մԽľһǰ˲ƵľԶˡ
Ǿͷǿǿһʱ֮䶼׷ټ
ѾܵʲôطȥǶ֪λã׷ȥ
ƾеմԽ޷ѶԷ׷ɱ벻ϳź˦׹ȼڻӰڶԷ׷յУܹ΢赲һ¶ԷĽŲΪȡһʱ䡣
ڣƹǺӣ˵Ҳ̫ңԶľ롣
ֻմԽһٶΣѾ֮ܵķڣֱӳг˽ȥСе֮ʯһԷͷȫУҪȻ󣬽Էͷ
֮ԶһԶżԶŷǽЩǿ񣬶Էڡ
ھ֮һʱ򣬾ѾʶĽٶȣմԽľ룬Ӫһ̫㹻󣬱ϾմԽսҲǺġ
Ǿͷ״׷׳׷ɱ
ʵǸ֮Ĳ̫ˣǸʲô壬Ϊǽ嵱УʲôԽʮܶȸɵֵ顣
ʮ屶ܶȣǿȴӵʮűܶȣֻҪ׷ȫǿѹģ
ȻӵнΣ
ô̶ʱڣСӾ̫ĽǶȻûκв
ˣͷ񼸺ûôֱӸɵ֮ķУһ̱˲뿪Ƭ򣬴߶С׼õʯ
һ̣֮Ȼ


1645 ˫
ɳɵĶһӰӷвϳ֣ǿ޴ޱȵɳգлɳЩɳǽÿһͷ񶼸С
ͷԽ塢ͻеǿ񣬱֮Χɳ˾ʹͷȫ޷
û˷κʱ䣬ͨٿеʯȻһͷʮıĽ˳
ţ׹˲ȥڻ潫ͷ񳤽״סĻ棬Ѹʴͷ֮ڡ
֮򣡡
Ѱ֮ͨͷʱټʹ䶯ʮ
£ǽҪʩչκֶͨҪ֮ǰʮϵʱ䣬ȫ¸ֳ⣬кüѽսСзȴ޷׹ϵڻɢȥ
Ļȼյڲֵʱһ̧֣ĵӿ֣ɱ
ͷʮıܶȵĽ񣬱֮ʮܶȣֻʣʮıܶȣʮ屶Ȳˣֶʩչͷֵס
׹ɱĹͬ£ͷʱ䶼ûܹɸɵȻþ֮ɵкΪ˾֮ɳľ֮
СкǱˣϾԽǿ˵лЩȽĶСкǲɵġ
ɵһͷ֮ͽŷųһͷͬʱ佫ɵкСк
ʱ֣֮ҪסͷǿǺܼѣٹһʱ䣬ͷǿܹԴ֮
˾ȸɵͷǿС
ɡ
߶ʯųͷӵʮ˱ܶȵĽ
Ȼ󣬱ͷŭĳϮз籩գ·նҪгɷ飡
ۼɵˣʮ౶ܶȵĽĺ󱲣֪ͷǿжôķŭ
ȻжŭҪɱվô򵥵ġ
ϮʱΧͱ鲼ž֮򣬰Ѹȫʱټ״̬Ȼڰ˼Ѫȫ
ڶԿʮ˱ܶȵǿ֮ʱ֣һʼȫԸĻڶԷ֮ǰɵеͷ
˼Ѫ߶ܶȽһѹʮ屶˶ʮ
֮ƵڶԷϣ˶ʮ˱˫ĲѾС˼ޣʱ˭ʤ˭͵ÿ˭ֶθһЩˡ
׹Χɫȼգ˵׺һӵħ
ͷһĳ״ͷⲻɢţгٷǼ״ĳԴƷǽǰУ˫֮γһĬ
ڳ̹ͬʱǼԴƷƾȻڽڽɴ˴ľȻܶȿʼ
Ǹ»ֶΣ»ЧͷǼԴƷ˵׹϶ҲһЩãʱһ֪Ҫηӳ⹦Чˡ
ţͷͽγԴƷǰ
ž֮ʱټЧ⽣ǰٶȶ˿ûмϲϵĳܵһּǿѹ
ǹ֮ƣ
һĹ֮ЧȻκοֶΣ
һʱټ޷Ӱ쵽Էɼ⽣ĹУö֮ƵЧ̶ֲȣе֮ƣ
ϣ֮Ƶ಻֪ж٣ͼһǿĴڡ
ͷ̼ǰ볤ԴƷһ򣬴˲䴩͸ʱ˱㻯״̬
ޣ
ǰӰ֮ǿֶΣûﵽ񾳽ʱֶǿıֶΡ
ڣ޵ʱΧһ޿ռȫܹԷȻ˫޿ռ̵֧顣
ֳȻѽεĴڣֱӴźԴϴ͸ȥ
ûκεֿԴű̴ڽɨºȻ
Ĺʵ̫ǿˡ
뵽ħ֮ѸٷӦֻһʱ䣬㽫Դ˳ħ֮ĵλãԷҲûиܵ
Էж֮ǰ϶ǲ˲ϣ֪ԴϣϧǣѰ塣
ħ֮ģ
ħ
һħСзͨó
Ӱӿռиֱ֣ʩչ˾֮֡ӡ;Ϣͷ
ͬʱ׹ڻҲŶԷڵķƹȥ֮ĲƹҲûκͣͣѶԷС
ϧǣԷĹ֮ЧǿĿֶθʲôЧ
֮Ĳƹĺɨ£˲֧顣
ǿ
ͷһθĴڶս֮ƶԶԷԷܹ˿ֲ˾̾
Ⲣţûа취Ըͷˡ
ӣʩչܸ֮ͨɵһ
ţȴδóȻ߶񻯵ľ֮ͨϾֶֻܶòΣǶΣɺܴˡ
ǱҪĻĲ붯á
ҹؼھ㶯˾֮ͨҲһͷеĹ֮Чʵ̫ˣܲܰѶԷĹ֮ϧǲܵġ
Ϊ֮Ʋһʴڣһ־״̬һЩ似֮Ĵڡ
ѧ似ӡĹ֮ƣȻƷʽǶԷСдż¼ǹ֮ƵĻɫʯͷ
ʴ¹УõĹ֮ȫһԵģ֮ǻɫʯͷʧˡ
֮ҲǲĲŶԡ
ɱ
һٴζɱֳϢԷѸʴŶԷ
Է˫δɱͷɻ󣬱Ͼ鵽Ͼ㣬ͷ­࣬طոط׺䱬ˣСӻû
һ̣ĹƱ籩㽵١
ϧǣ֮ƵЧ£ЩƼûκЧɱ٣ЩϢĶ˽֮⣬޷ʴȥ
Է·һ㼫ǿϣֵκθЧ͹


1646 Ʊͼ
սַ·ͬ
һ޷ͻƶԷǲϣô㶯˾֮ͨҲһ޷ѶԷɵΪԷķ˵ˮ©
£ҪʤҪľǣԷǲϾʲô
սһ̫Ʒϡ
ʱһֱԵУڷһ䡣
̫ͬƷиܵͷϵĴ˵ȴڣԷѾսѵʮ㣬ܷӳǿöˣϣֻһСġ
š
˵ͷ˶ԷǲϵԴȴȻ֪ȥӦԣϾǲƺˮ©ǿֶλǹֶΣھ񹥻ᱻȫֵʵ̫ǿˡ
ϣԷǲܳʱġ
Ʋ⣬սȥĻֻҪһʱ䣬ԷϾͻ᲻ƣؼǣڵûʲôʱȥȴˡ
һͷϻ̫ʱĻȥͷе塢ܿͻѹʱֱӾͱΧɵˡ
֮ǰ廥֮仹ЩǣƣնԷ֮ķС
ڣͷѾ裬Ͼɵͬ࣬ʹ֣ȫӳʵԸˣھܿó⼶ʵжôǿᡣ
ͷǿһĻ˵Ǿˡ
ڶʱڣֻҪͷһ֡
Һְɡ
ʱһֱûжҲͻȻͬʱʥ۾ȻǺӵ뿪磬ڵĵطϹ
а취
ܣͷûа취Զ˼ǺصģҪǶԷа취ƿԷǲϣôһжܺ˵ˡ
ԣǰ㶯þƿأúø֪һǲϵĽṹ
侲
˵ͷǾϰɡ
ͷȻʱͻƲȫҫ˾֮⣬Ծƿ֮ʶ֪ȥܶԷǲϡ
ˣǿǲʲôĵط
ʥڵˣӵеսɾǧ˲両ֳе໥ںϣǺǧܿγһǧë
һǧëںһ֮󣬺ܿƾľƿظ֪ͷ帽Ϯȥ
Ȼںϵ̫Ʒǧûоѵģ̫Сδͷϡ
ȫһˡ
Ȼ޷ƾƿصʶ֪ܵǲʲôǧ˵ȴ·ӵиǿڸַȻĹ
⵹ʥ۴ǰû뵽ġ
ǧں̫ƷӵеһǼǿϹ֮
ʥ˵Ŀ⵱УһǧëԼĹ켣ǲϲͬĵصϮȥЩĵص㹲ͬһͼ
ͼǽϣȻһֲּȻڲǷϿʼ߽
ʥ۶ϲͷ񶼸ܵ˲˼顣
ֶΣôܱһʮ౶ܶȵʩչ
̫ƷƺЩŹ֡
û˼̫࣬ǲϱ֮ûκԥ̼߶֮ͨӰֳ
֮иֱ֣ӽԷʶʱ϶Уڽȥʱ֮ڣͷ൱һͷ׵ϻȻͣȴûʲôˡ
ɱ
ɱ׹ǿɱֶͬʱڶԷǲϱ֮󣬳ʴ˶Էڡ
Ǻǿƣͷǿȶ㲻̫ǿԴʱ˿ɱͷݻ
ɱЯϢʴýԼٶȸ࣬ǳ״ϣܿͱǧٿ
׹ϵڻ棬Ҳڽȼҿʼ侫ȼܿ㽫Է׶Ρ
ȻܶȱȶԷһ㣬ʩչֶΣܹԷɵ
ʱܿȥ
֮ͨɢͷҲ˹ʶʱ϶ճͷԼȻѾ״̬ʱпܴ
ȫһ𣬱һϡ֮ȻСбɢͬʱһѳӰ䱳ֳ
ѳӰʩչһͨȻٻѻǸϣʼָٶȸħ֮Ҫ̫Զˡ
ԷһͨȻͨƺǺʵõģǰͨȴǺôˡ
ӡͨ߶ʱһͼڳ˳УȻǿһ˹ֹ˶Էļˡ
ʴԷڵɱ׹֮ȴڼݻŶԷöԷ
ǿȵǳ֮ͨʶʱ䣬ҲԽ䳹ˣֻռһƣץסⲿƣܱܿԷΪʤҲδ֪
Ȼ鷢
߶ӡ˶Էƽ֮ٴδ߶УڶԷڵĵطȻˮϵ̫֮γɵǿаѶԷ׾С
ɱ׹ᣬͷԳܣȻҪĻǲʧ֮˾뵽ʱټУҪĶü仺ֵܵĹˡ
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ʣһսʵ̫ˣǹؼʱ̵ǧ֣ôһʤʧܣһʧܣôǺ˵һܴĴ
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ȻûƵļ䣬ȴиңֶνƱͼ
ʶʥԺУͼǿõһֶΣƱͼרŹƷϵֶΣڹƸַźܺõЧں֮õƺͼֶΣѾȫʧˡ
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ƱͼȻֶΣսںϱܵõһЩӦͼֶ
ֻ֪֪ȥսÿһһɣ
Ȼеɡ
ĿͶ֮ķС


1647 Σ
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ĿͷʮűܶȵĻеϣȻһ÷ʯͷе˳
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ΪͷеδֱӶֱ֣˺üеȳΧҪסȻ䱾ǿʼ֮ʼ˹ơ
еͷĻеϼϺ˻ɳϣҪĿһͷǿķ
ͷʮűܶȵĻеǿߣոռʥһɱͷ֪ѶԸڸճıҪų
ѡȻͷʮ˱ܶȵ
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һͷ񣬶رǿƣܹɵͷеѡȾȳͷϣְɵ
ֱͷɱͷе񣬺Ȼ񣬶֪ļ֡
ԭǻãһʮ屶ܶȵ񣬸ûʲôвܽɵˣڿʵȫǵ
ȻܹɱͷǿĽʵЩŹ֡
ͷеȻȴѳеһǶͷʵҲǺģǼǿ̫Ʒķϼ鷳
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еļΧʥѸٳ˿ȥϾ̶ֳȵսУʥۻϺʲôãֻҪսںϣƿԷϵʱ򣬲ŻʥгֵıҪͻᡣ
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ڣһǧëתȻƻûôֲ䴩͸ȴǱǰǿ࣬˵֮ǰǧӲͬٶͬһ˻еĽɫ֮ϡ
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ƣ͸ϢӶֱӾ͸ͷ޷Ļеϣڿʼʴȥ
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ɱͷеֵʱȴĻеִڱΧȻչͬʱһبżȻһ԰ɱɨȥ
ͷеǿֶΣֱɢɱƣϢ˲ӳʧӰ١
ͬʱͷеչĻеֱ֣ץǷӡĻɳϣȻһҫ֮£ֲƿգֱӽƿ
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ͷӵаɫǽɫɫó嵱УӦѪ֣ٲĻ֮ġ
ʵȴӹɡ
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ˣ
ͬبżģѩ׾ϱ޾ֱ֮֮Ӵݻ٣
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ͷͷеȫܶȶʮ屶ҵǿߣ˵㲻ʲôǶǺӵˣǿȫѹĴڡ
һʱ֮䣬֮󱻻ƣԷʣµȻȫ
ǺӶΣΪһʧܣôǺӽûκηصأȻȺĿҪǰɵĻôܷŹǺӣ
ϾǺȻҲնݳĵǺ󻼡
鷳ˡ
ţ˸žâҪֹԷ֮󣬵ʵʵǲ
ոܹɵһͷѾ൱ףͬʱͷǿټͷѰ񣬶˵ѹ÷ǳ
ͷͷе񣬸Դ֮ŰΧ룬ֲϢȫҲÿһǺС
ΪֹǺΣڻǵˣ


1648 Ǻ־
һˣǺӵ֮⣬ͷе񣬻ͷͷʮ˱ʮűܶȵǿڡ
˵˵൱ˡ
Σղˣ
ţοǿǰҲܲġ
ԷҵǺӶ彮֮УʹŶԷܹ̽鵽ڵľλõģȻ֪ƾʲô̽ģʣûа취ѶԷ׷١
ҪȻĻԷϵľͲǺӣֱǰ彮ȥˡ
£ûܵĿܣҲûܵ·ӡ
ͷΧΧռ䳹뵽طУܵõǴ߶֮ͨҪƬտռҲǧѡ
Ϊ߶ͨʱ򣬶Է޶ԣ϶ʽֶֹ
ͷӽʮܶȵ񣬾㹻޻֮ˣ˵ͷʮ屶ܶҵͷһʵҲԲ
Ͼ»ǲεĴڣʵˣҪɵͷεֶǺѵģƾһ˺Ѱ쵽
ӣܣǾֻսһ·ˡ
õǣֶκܶ࣬ͬʱԸôһʱ仹ûģ֮ô죬Ǿֻܵʱ˵ˡ
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ڶԷƿ֮ʱ򣬾Ѿ׼
ʱ˿̵ԷͷΧȻ߶ħ֮طհ壬ħͬʱа˸֣Χ˲ɢ˿ȥ
˸ħĸÿһȥǣһͷʮ屶ܶȵ񣬻ĸħǶԸͷʮ˱ܶȵѩ
ͷʮűܶȵĻеԼӦԣ
˸ħɢȥ΢˿
Ǻӵ֮ڣڶ½ȴȫһ
ʥۡݺ¸裬֪ҡҶ΢ܹŮʱ˿ȫס˺ĿתĶų⣬ңԶյУһ˿ֲǿϢ
ܰæ𣿡
ͷǿϢŮ׷ЩܸС
ԭΪԼ̤񾳽֮󣬱Ѿվ۷壬ӵ㹻ʵȴͰҪˣڲŷ֣̤ҲֻǸʼѡ
񣬸һЩǿǿʵ̫ˣ罣塢е壬ǲвεǿߣ彮͸ûеֿ֮
壬λǿ壬ƫԶԴȫϣҪȻĻУûռ䡣
ȥæɡ
ܿ죬֮б˾ͬʱľ
ݺʥۻ֪ң໥һۣ˶Էеһ˿ȡ
ݺ֮ĹϵΪܺ⣬ڵȻһ˹󣬼ҪݺҲϣԼһԼһ˹
ȥæֻǰһͷ񣬶˵ӦҲһܴİ
ʥۣǸ֪ͨܿõԼϾǧڵҲƱͼǷǳģ˵ܹڶԸʱһڹؼʱó
֪ңŮܶߵһˡ
ڴʱ˿̣ռݵľȻڻָʮ屶ܶȣ˳̶ȵȫܹսϰһѹ
Ȼ֪ռݵľģСѾɣڵĵڰ֮ͨ򡭡˵֪Ȼӵʮ屶ܶȣʵսȴҪһЩ
Ȼս֪ҸоԼֵסһͷʮ˱񣬻ǿģȻܹסԷ̫ãôܹȡʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ǿһɡ
˶һۣԵ˵ͷ
ʣҶ΢¸Ů״Ҳһ¶˾ģȻͷܶȣ˵ʵ̫ǿˣҲȥæһȥƴһƴ
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ȥпܲѡ˭Լһ
ԣںݺʥ֪ۡ˳Ǻӵ֮Ҷ΢¸ŮͬҲ˳ȥ׷׳ڵĵط֧Ԯ
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ԴˣЩΣȴҲЩж
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Ǻ֮Уиڹš
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սУﲻʲôæпǣסЩŴ׵ľ磬ܳȥĻ±ԷһˣȫǵΪ
ΪΪĸоŮеĵ֮ĸ
ⵣǣΪҲΪԼĻΪǺӵеڶǣһʧأǺӶꡣ
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Ͼһ죬ܹ߳磬ӹأѧϰͷɣȫΪûĻɻھĽһСǻ
ڣԼѾӵһС硣
˺ŮԣǺӵǾۼıԵңң֮˶Ϊ˶
Ѫ䡢ϴ顢ŸԵ׾ųԱǣǺ֮еȴţȥһͷԾǱȥЩƴ
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ֵܹסЩôǱܹȥһֵסЩУôǺӶҪꡣ
Թؼʱ£ҪЩ׾սʿʱǶκһ˿һԹԡ
ΪǺӵУǶѣǺսεսѣŹͬչһֵܽãôԲȫ
Ǻӣ־ɳǣȫۼǺӵԵ
Щؾ飬彮ڲĳЩطѾ˵۰һĴˣڣǶֻǺӵһ֣ȫ˼ٵⳡʤ㼫͵սϡ


1649 һʤ
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ǺӱԵ֮⣬ǿѹ
ʱʲôԮˣҪֵסһεΨԼ
Ǳߣڶ߰æǻ᲻⣬ûбҪ⡣
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ȻֻԼֻƾŬΪȡǾеһʤ
Ů֪ҵĲл꣬ռԾ۵ʱ˿ӵʮ屶ܶȣΨһһȺԿĴڡ
Ŀ꣬Ȼͷʮ˱ܶȵѩ
ȥǣסЩȽͷ죬֪ԸȻ˶ֲ̫ʱ䣬ѾǶ˵õİˡ
ֻҪڳпܽԷһһ
ڳ۳˰ͷħǣס˻е֮Ѿļޣͷħܿ˽֧Ųסļ
պʱŮֶ
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ʥһǧںȻһǧëԲÿһ̺żǿƣȻͷܶȣʱ˿Ҳ·ȫ·硣
ټǸħһǣƣʥڵֵסͷǿơ
ϲнɫγһռҪʥ۾УǧҲʱ򣬾ѵ˵һľ硣
ǧս֮ǰͷǿ񶼿͸شڣ̫Ʒں϶ɡ
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һһӺױ۶ϣһӣҪ۶ϾҪѶܶ౶
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Уʥ֮⣬˵Ͷôˡ
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ͷǱĸħΧҪĸħѹסʱ֪ҵˡ
Яž۵ĺȻ似˲䷢·ո˲պͷѩϣ
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һˣŶԷݵǿͷʮűܶȵĻеսѾ˼ؼĽ׶Σ
˵ʵҲû뵽ʱǺӵ˾Ȼȫÿ˶̶̵ֵֻܵʱ䣬ҲҪԼΪᣬΪȡһʤ
ڶʱڸɵǰͷеôŮȫ뵽ΣյУҪĲǶʱڸɵһͷе壬Ҫڶʱڰһͷʮ˱ܶȵһɵ
Ҫȫܹ˷κʱˡ
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˴ǺгΪȡʱʱѾƶеɱ⣬ޱ޼ʵɱڵĿռ䳯Χɢȥ
йڴʱ˿ֽ֮£е
Ȼ޷Ӵɾ۷徳磬ȴȫ֮£ױЯϢģʴͷеڡ
Ȼе̬ǽ̬Ȼ̺ĴڣɱҪ˺ʽʶꡣ
ͬʱ׹Ҳϳڻɵ׷ͷҪܿȥĻеǿ
е񲢲ܣֻڱԼ˵£ͨжʽѰҷĻᣬͷе˵Ըɡ
ԭΪ֮ƿоȳʱСֻ·һˣȴû뵽Ǻô
Ȼ½񣬵СӵĳֹŹֹ֮ƣȴЩ½ǣסͬԼ񡭡
ֻʣһ˶Ըü׳֣ʱ֮̽ǰͷʮ˱ܶȵĽг
һֶβ֮ǰж
ͷеףƶǺģսϣͻеѾսȨʤҲֻʱ⣬ֻҪסʱ䣬æ֣׽Сӡ
Ͻ޹£ҲЩļˡ
ʱ뵽Լ֮ǰûжõһǱһöʴ¹еõ񵤡
öʣܹܶȵ񵤣


1650 Ѱͻƿ
֮ǰӵеĿຣҩʶö񵤵ʱһö񵤣Чܹһܶȡ
ʱʱǺһܶȾʲô˼лпֺܴġ
һ֣߷֮ܶлһʮ屶ܶȣ񵤹ʮܶȡ
һֿܣֱܶӷʮ屶ܶȴﵽʮܶȡ
ԭΪöӦǵڶЧϾǴʴ¹еĺ񵤣֮ǰһöЧҲڿöܶȵЧӦǰһֿܲŶԡ
ҪȻĻ񵤶˵ʵֲ̫ˣʮܶȵʱãֱһٱˣ
ȡö񵤣Ҫ֤һö񵤾ӵʲôЧЧΣչܹġ
ʱṳ̂񾳽磬ûжǿຣҩʶѯڵЩˡ
ûйϵͷеһʱ֮ȻɲԷԷҲܸɵ˫ֻǾƣֻҪѸٸɵԷԷֻҪʱͿԻսʤ
񵤣ҲΪľʤһֿܣȻֿԲ󣬵Ҳʤޡ
ûκԥֱӰö񵤷ȥűܵһֺܹĽ֮ö񵤵зɢʼڵʼѹ
ѹĳ̶ȴ൱ޣüͷ΢壬ö񵤵ЧֻĻ˵ܶȷˣһܶȶǼѵġ
ֵʱͻȻǧսʶöǸ֮񵤣ܹ֮ķٶֱӽܶѹ߲Ρ򵥵˵öڷøһöûУ
õ֮󣬶ʱȻЩơ
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ʮ屶ܶȣö֮󣬽ȥٶڴﵽʮ֮ܶǰõһ̶ȵҲҵٶ
ܶȴﵽʮ֮ö񵤵ЧʧٶȻָԭĳ̶ȡ
Ч˵ȷûʲôó֪Ļ»֮ǰһʱڷö񵤣Ļܶȿܹﵽӽʮĳ̶ȣԸȺͲˡ
ϧǣʱûаö񵤷ϣֻӦðöϵٷãЧѣڿȫȫˡ
öľžܹܶúܿ죬ϧڷøûáʱöҲ˷ѡ
ţŰ˼תƵսȻö񵤲ܹڵǰܶȣôûҪȥˣ˷öҲû취
УǺӵҪԣȻҪö񵤵ġ
ԵǰҪĻǴӮⳡս
е㣬ӵһ޸ģģĵһǽԪعɣеǳŽԪء
ʼӻеѰսͻƿڡ
Ȼе嶼ǲһģѪͽԿּˣĴڣӵһöģֻҪƻöģܹԷɱ
ûйԸеľ飬ֻʴ¹ĽУһͷеǿߵͨеǱ׷ɱʱԷûеóѡ
ԵĻеӵʮűܶȵĳǿߣȵʴ¹ͷеҪǿ̫̫ࡣ
ʱиеԿڻܹԷĳЩ㡭
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ͨԷڵͨȻԷҪʩչʲôֶΣȴܹԷҪ߶ʲô͵ֶΣǹͣǷͣҪ֮ĶܹǰԤС
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˫Ϊ̫Ʒںϣ˫ʶܹͨսиܹû覴ãһ֪Է룬ڹͨ˷ʱ䡣
ںϵǧ߶ľԿռӵоԵķǶԷӵֶΣֻ߶Էǿ̫£ѳƬ
ڣʱټȫصһҲ˵ͷеΣƿ֮ǰǲʱټģ
һԱȶԷʮٶȣ׵ľܹѹŶԷȥ
ͷе㿪ʼӭϵǿƣɱ׹ֶνʩչϳͷеȻſը
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ͷеҪľֻһ£ǾǼһȥͻƾķҪȻĻֻ
Ȼϴ߶ǿֶΣСҲڲȶ֮ǰİ˼ѪҲѾСгһЩʱѺۡ
ʱ˿ٲսپĻС⵽ƻüأӰ쵽СУУпܵİ˸֮ͨϳһЩ覴á
Ǵﵽ񾳽֮󣬹ʹĺȻƵʩչֶΣõľС緽ѹҲǲӡ
룬ͷе˹Ƶ£ܿͿʼѰһͻƾ
ʱ˿̣ͨƿصȷ˻еڵλãû̶䷢Ǽ׹ɱ䷢ʴӶԷͻƾ


1651 ֮
ʱ䲻š
ͷеǿս֮⣬Ǻڶ½ǲĿҪݺˣһ˶ԿĶʮ屶ܶȵĻеѾħеַס
ţͷеԸͨڶԸݺ
ʱڣͷеܶȻǱѹʮ屶ĲΣܹ֣߰æĻǱסħ޷ʩ֮ƵЧ
ͷָ˶ʮ屶ܶȣôݺһ˲ͻᱻɵûһ˿һ
ڻе˵壬ʲôϧ֮˵ɱɱ
Ѻݺ״
˵ʱû£Ҫǻħڲʩ֮ƵЧѹŶԷܶȣҪȻĻǺⷽȫˡ
֪Һͷʮ˱ܶȵʱڱȽϾ̬ƣĸħѹ£񼸺޷֪ҵľʲô˺
ֻ֪ҵǿֶΣҲ似⣬Ҳ޷ʲôв
ͷѩҪתսȥͷеԸϧȴ֪ǣסһħǣƣʹ޷æ
£ܰͷеɵǾ̫Բˡ
һ˲䣡
ʱϸ۲ͷежͷеڶƵѹҪ׼ͻǾʱʱ֡
ԷͻƵʱ򣬿϶Ϊиʱ̣ʱöԷ⧲ܹɱͷеĻѵʱ̣ʧȥᣬҪɵͷе壬ѵöˣܹ׷ȥѶԷɱݺǱҲ÷ǳΣգ
֮򡭡٣
ڶԷȫԪڰ򶼴ݻٵȻҪʱ׼ѾõͨҲʩչ
ͺӰиֳ³һھͺ򣬾֮һֱ㽫ǻеУ
񻯵ľ֮ͨУʱӿѻеʶһʱ뵽ʱļ϶֮С
ֻʱ䡣
񻯵ľ֮ͨӵʲôЧû˷һ˿һʱ䣬Ͷǻе巢Ĺơ
ע⵽Էʶʱ϶ʱƺеһֹ֮Ч˳жһ˿衣
ڲ֮ƵľЧ֮ǰǲ׶ԶԷᱻɱģпͷеӵиͷһǿֶΣܹھаѰһ
׹
ɱ
ġ޽֮գ
߶ǿֶΣΪ֮ǰʼն׼ŶԷģʱ˿̣ȫֱԷĶȥ
׹ʱ򱬷˿ֲȻʱĳֱ仯
һƿƺܲ۵ĺɫ棬һֶصĹ켣ӶԷ϶УͻƵ˶ԷڣԪɵٶȼ
һƺɫյĽԪ٣׷һ˲ͻΪ˻ҽ
ɱ͸ɱ¾ϢҲ˲䳯ŶԷڴʴȥ֮ǰͨƿ˶ԷڵĶʱ˿̣ɱȫûһ˿谭ĴӶԷļ϶У͸ȥ˶Է֮С
޽֮بż˲һب֮ƣֱճ˶ԷĵУȻ޽֮յĵպȻڶԷڲ𱬣ǽԪعɵĿʼƻ
ġɱߵܿ콫ƻһ֣ʱ򣬶Էз·͸һȻĶһ⡣
ı֮£ľȻȫܵκ˺ĺɱƻȫ˽ȥ
ȻͨĳطЧĿʼѸٻָĺɱƻĽԪҲܿ츴ԭ
Ҳʱ׹һƺɫ棬ձȫҪ֮ڵĵطһڻȼ֮£ȻһĨⱣ
ǹ֮ƵȻɫ
ʱˡ
û뵽׹ȻܹѳȫµȻ֮ǰѾ׹ȫˣԴƷУ̺ǰ˵ĳЩֶͨΣǻԵɺϱá
߼ԴƷǰʮܶϵǿߣŻᵮ
ʮܶȵĴڣʲôĳ̶ȣ˵ǽ塢ͻеǿе쵼ߺǿߣĴôûеѹ׵ֶΡ
߶׹оǡ֮ƺԴƷǰֶΣܹĵһдڶ
ǹ֮Ƶ֮Ĺ£Ҳֻбһ³֮ͬȼʣпܲȼ
֮Ȼǿ󣬵ȴ̫ϸ΢ˣϸ΢ֻһƵĺɫ׹͸
ҲֻǻԵɺϣŶó֮˵еͻȻ֮ȻҲܹ֮ÿζöֻһСƵ
һֱӹͷе񣬸κЧ
ȻԷ޷𣬵֮ڷյһ֮Ҳֻǡôʱڹؼʱ̣ܹЧ
򵥵˵Ȼǿһܹõȴ̫ˣƽʱܶóʲôؼԵЧ
ڣԸԷģȴǡô
ԷģŹ֮Ƶı⵽ʱ򣬽һз൱εǿߵУǴﵽ˾ԷЧ
֮ȴǸûκεֵ
ǲⱻ֮մ֮Ҳ𣬵ǶԷȴûκεֿͷɱԴԴʴܿ㽫ԷĸʴеȫϾ
еʶʱ϶Уʱ֮󣬶Էʶع鱾壬һӾ͸о˲ԾʱȴΪʱ
Ѿ׸ʴɱ֮ӵȫȫʼɢԪعɵһӾɱ֮ȫࡣ
գֻһСкԭأԪǱľ֮ɵ
ʮűܶȵĻеľ֮ûв̫Եı仯΢Щϧڿɲǿϧʱ
׹ԴƷ֮Уֶ֮Σ֪Լʵٴθһ¥
ȰʣµȫɵУ

ȱմԽ˲Ƶ˺ݺԣʱͷеպûָ˶ʮ屶ܶȣҪԺݺɱ֣ȴȻǰ


1652 һս
ԭݺԵͷеΪסħڴ֮Ƶѹȵн˳ָ˶ʮ屶ܶȡ
ҪѺݺɱȻȥͬ񣬿ϧǾʱɱͷʮűܶȵĻе񣬸ϵսС
֮򡭡
ɱ
ֶζóͷʮ屶ܶȵĻе񣬱㱻֮ƹʱټ򣬻δӦͱɱ֡
׹ɱ֮ڶĻͷеУʹĻеŭд·бһ̶ִ͸մ˶
̶Ҳûг̫ʱ䡣
ܿ죬֮ǻе峹ɵͳʧϣΨСкߣºԴѰһЩǺӷչõĶ
û°ɣ
ɵͷеȻ˺ݺǰֺݺ˲ˣۡ
Ҳڵħ֮طȻδﵽھص߾磬ҲǺѸٵģӦûʲô󰭡
û£ȥ˰ɡ
ݺ˵ͷڿֵʱѾ˿ڶֱɣȫʼָԼϵơ
սϣȻڳǾûκˡ
ݺʼһֽäĿģҲΪˣŻ᲻ΣǺӵзɳΪȡһʤ
õݺĴ֣֮صĽעս֮ϡ
ʣɵͷʮűܶȵĻе֮ȫѾЩĻˣǺܹɵͷеʲôĴڣ
ڳЩһﻹʲôΪ
һʱ֮䣬ЩҪˡ
Ψͷʮ˱ܶȵѩ壬ûܵ롣
Ϊ񾳽ߣȱʲôǾһЩȽǿֶΣ̫֮С罫
ԣϸ۲ڵȴСʲôļ
δҪܣҪһġ
εΪһ˽µлõǲƫԶһˮϾƫԶǼΪǿĴڣ˵ЩǺӵдһЩȽĶԴȥдá
ѩɫеĵλߣʮ˱ܶȵߣҲռݲ̫ԴԴȫǸɫɫռݵˡ
ԣҪһ¥Ҫץסÿһᡣ
ھһûᡣ
СϿӵһ߼ԴƷһӵ߼ԴƷص嵱֮λҪһ󵵴ΣܹȼЩʮܶȵĳǿˡ
׹ʮۺ졣
ۿɵͷǿͷͻеʵ˿ͷ壬ȻȴԿ϶״̬ǺܲõģЩֶΣѾԶóˣһóСпܳױ飬ʱҲûʲôˡ
⣬һǿֶΣ̳ˣԼС飬ȻɱܹȡһС
Ըǻе壬ͷǿҲʱûжֻ֣ڸ֪ҶԿĹ̵УϹ۲һжһЩϸСı仯Ҳȫ
ڶԸЩȽ񣬱Ͼȶ뱣֤ÿ˶ȫⳡսдκ˳⡣
֪ǱʱȵסͰͷѩŵˡ
ڵԸЩʮ౶ܶȵѾ൱ˣڵһԸݺֵʱûжɱ;֮ͨˣֻ׹ɱԷ
ԭڣСеȷѾʼ˱
С磬̤񾳽֮Ѿŵ˷Բһǧдİ˸֮ͨһ½ڴ˿̣½ĸѾһЩռѷ졣
ЩռѷĴڣò½λתƵȽϰȫĵطȥ
֮ͨҲһȽΣյĻУ֮ͨȴ޷Ųλõģһʱѷ죬п˶
֮ͨĻ嶼ܴӰ죬ѾӰ쵽սˡ
ֹֻͣЩȽֶΣҪɱ;֮
֮ʱټһֱάֵ⵹ǲ󣬵Ҫϴʱټ򣬶СĸЩˡ
ڣƾһ׹Ѿ㹻ԸЩʮ౶ܶȵˣҪɱ;֮һܹѹԷ
ħֶΣٻ̫ࡣ
ֻҪɱһͷ񣬱֮ǰԸͷħǲɢ𽥻Сٱѹ
ûãѳеͷеͷȫɾֻʣ»ڸ֪Ҷսͷʮ˱ܶȵ壡
Ǻⷽ˶ܵ˲᲻صƣڶ͵
󣬽ӹѾ˺۵֪ҵİ࣬ͷʮ˱ܶȵѩǰ
ħǲɢָԼ΢ȹһСṹ
˶ˣңŵѩڴʤ
֪ľȻ˺ۣȴûȻԶΪһ˫սĻ֪Һпڹؼʱֽ̲˫֮ʤƽб
ͷѩ׵ʮ˱ܶȣǶȫʢ״̬µҪ¡
ϧǣʱСֹԷֶΣҪԼֶζƣȲѵĻٶһξ֮ͨˡ
ϸ۲ͷѩ׵
֮ǰڸеսʱҲ۲ߵսԶͷսʽҲһЩ˽ģȻ֮ǰ֪ռݵľսʱ򣬲ûóȫʵ
ҲǽעϣֻǱ֪ǣס޷ȥԸѡ
ڣ˫ԶڶԷ˽̶ȶǲġ
һڻܣӦǿҵսѾ޷ȫӳˣˣҪɵҲʲô̫ѵ顭Ȼˣˡ
ţһǧëʼԡ
ǧںսѵĵһѼǷֶΣǧ֮
Ѱ̫ƷʵҪʵ̫ˣʥϢǧǵУսȥ
ϰɡ
ǧ֮Ĭ¶Ҫǰһ˲䣬ǧ֮˲˿˶ŷ


1653 ʯ
һǧǧΧǧ֮ſ˾ͷ·ΧţѸٳͷѩɫ˲ƹȥ
򣡡
̧֣ǧ˲䷢ɢ֮䲼һ£ԷҪܾûôˡ
ʱ˿̣ͷѩɫ屳ſȻĸһģһķ·ɳ
һ۷ֶΣȴûħôǿ۳ķȣʵҪࡣ
ȫʢ״̬µֱħƵԷһУöԷķûκôȴ˥״̬Сʱпܱ飬ħǲܶóˡ
δţֱӴ߶׹׹ŶԷڵĵطɢȥȼڻܿͰǼͷ
ڻմȾĸϣʴڣܿ㽫׵ȾһƬڻ浱С
ʱͷŻֱӳҵĹƣ
Ӱ䱳˸֣֣ͨȻѩɫ˷֣Ȼ·γӿ˶
𣬿ˣһҶԷš
ţȻǧ֮ſ£㲻ϳΧѩɫĹƣһϲϱȴҲϻָ
ǧ̫ƷͷɾǧںһȻžѵ˵һ㣬ӵмǿս
ڷͬʱͿʼ˼Ҫΰͷɵ
һѪ֮ǻе߻ڣԹڵģǱȽϺѰҵģ˾֮⣬ܿ͸ȫѩɫ⣬Ѱ˶Էڵġ
ˡֻܶͨˡ
һҵ˶Է֮ͷֶԷΧܣ͸֮ǰͷ࣬ܣرѲˡ
Ͼ֪ǧƶܵӵֶ֮Σȫܹһ·پԷѪ⣬ԷĸԷܶƿȥ
Ҫﵽһ㣬öԷûзС
ֻʩչ֮ͨУҪȻĻлᴥԷĵĻᡣ
ֶԼвԷ϶취ǶԷǴûʶ£ܹһֶΨ񻯵ľ֮ͨ
ҪԼСΣҲֻһѡҪȻĻƾڵܶȣҪɱԷʵ̫ˣɱ׹ֱ߱ӰѶԷѹ
ĻС硭
ͨʥۣͨǧʶ𣬴ݹһǵ
ûа취ˣСôⶼԺ飬һᱣ飬ֻˡ
ȥֻҪͷɵǾӵ˴ϢĻᣬ´ҵǿ󣡡
ڵڼٳɳʱڣֻҪһʱ䣬ܹɵİܶΪľžΪȥЧڴﵽʮ֮ܶǰٶȼӿһҡ
Ǹõᡣ
ԣʯٵĴ㡣
͡
֪Ĵ֮ʥҲûֹΪ֪ȷʵֻ취ȥѶԷɱˡ
ֻҪɱͷһжᰲٻΪǺȡһηչʱ䣡
У֮£չ˹ơ
ӿҹƣȫǧֵ֮ǧ֮ҪԷبżĹƵһɲǣȫϢɢ˱һͷɫӰ
֮򣡡
ֱӴ߶һͨ
Էû뵽ȻС罫ʱ򣬾ȻҲ߶ֲͨʱЩûӦֱӱ۳ľ֮Ӱ쵽
ʶ˲䱻뵽ʱļ϶У
֣ԷʶУȴһ˿ϵԷʶȻʱļ϶֮ھȻһСֵʶ
һСֵʶͷ񣬶ڱʲô飬ʱ˿̣һСֵʶͿֱӳԶӶݿȥ
ϧǣȾڳв˾򣬶ԷôܴƬܣ
޽֮գ
ֱӴ߶޽֮գبżĺȻһֻ֣֮ѶԷҪܵ˻ȻڶԷһСֲдʶĸֱһСʶ˻Һ;ֵС
׹ɱͬʱ֮һڻҲѭŶԷеļ϶Ѹٵ˶Էĸ
ɱ
һȣ֮һڻ棬ֱӰѶԷܷմɱɱ֮Ȼ˲ʴ˶ԷĵС
һͷеһ³ֱӱһɱûκλֵأֻǶԷڲдһСʶЩɻ
ȻⲢӰ쵽ɱͷֻע⵽֮ͨȻûаѶԷһʶʱ϶ɼ֮Ҳȫܵġ
µĲһСֵĲдʶʶôλһء
ɱеĽֲסʶڴʱ϶лʱѾȫ飬ľ֮ѾȻʶ֪ȥʱޱȵĺڡ
֪СӾȻжһͨովֱܺˣûҪӲţھԼ˽ȥ
ž֮ͷѩɫʬ壬˿
ɨһսҵøϽȥˡ
ܵСеڣʱ֪Լ뾲һʱ䣬ô֮ԼĴȫ޸ҪȻĻһС˺ۣӰ쵽պ
š
ʥۡݺ˸Ե˵ͷ
ԼƻδȫָܵĶˣСˣ£ɨսûʲô⣬лСкЩккпҵһЩǺӺҪĶ
Ҫҵκδ֮ȫңҪָһСС
һ仰ʹǰ뿪ˡ
ʱ˿̣Ǻ֮ڣѪ䡢ŵѾԭû뵽Ȼܹӵ˿ֲʵѽӽʮܶȵȫɵ
ֶΣ彮һƬѾ޵˰ɣ
սС»ܵĴˡ
ߡ
һִ֮˿ຣҩ뿪ǺӣǰǱߣҪѼϣΪƳܹ޸Сⵤҩ


1654 սջ
ܿͻصǺڣڶһԶżϢ
ϻмö֮ֱеĴ֮޸Сһдˡ
ڸɵͷ֮ڹȶСѾһƬǽ壬ǧٿݣһռѷ죬Ȼﵽǧ
͸֮ǰھĽʱ򣬽뵽ǸСкʱһ
ռѷСкب˺ռ䣬ڱȽĵǣİ˸֮ͨδ⵽Ĵ½ҲתλãܿЩռѷ
ҪȻĻһεսۣܹǧ˵ȫһˡ
񾳽ǿ߱ˡ
С飬һܵ˺С鶼ԵĴʵϾһЩؾѾˡ
ԼСе黹ǱȽϰϧģϾЩĴڣΪ֮
˵񾳽֮󣬻ͨʲô취Ļֻʣһְ취ǾøԼСˡ
һҪĻǲѣֻҪ㹻ЩˣСʵԽǿõ֮Խǿ˫һһپ٣һ״̬
壬ͻе壬Скõˣһܶǿ˽ˡ
š
ǿСкУ϶ŲٱȽС飬ͨЩоɿԵõѶ
ȻõѯǹϾЩС飬Ǽ¶ģСУ½ϵǧ飬оŰڶǲ֪ġ
вһ֪СĴڣȴȫΡ
ֻмǲܹ֪СС
ͨЩСе飬Ҳ֪ܵΣֻܹƾоһ幹Լóֶεȵȡ
ЩϣҲ㹻˶˽ܶ࣬һμʱܾ֪ܿԷʲôط
Ҫ̽Է㣬ʵǺɵ顣
ֻҪ˵ԷСкУ۲һЩС໥սʱ򣬶ǳʲôطͿˣȻһ壬ͷ­ƻĻҲ޷ġ
֪Է㣬͸սҵԵзĴ
ֻܹͨƿصط̽ԷڴպһЩǿĴڣп޷Էģô֪ԷͼҪˡ
ʼԼĴ֮Ȼд֮һ޲СеĿռ϶
СеĿռѷ죬һٸԲǧ޲ҪĴ֮һս֮ʴ¹õĴ֮Ͼȫĵˣһûʣ
ȥʲôսĻܹʩչ̫εľ֮ͨ˼ѪõŶãҪȻĻûôഴ֮С޸
취һЩ֮ﴢˣƳƷ֮Ʒ֮Ĵڣ彮Ҳģ쾧һƷ֮ﶼټ
ţиģĴ㣬ڻ죬Ͼ廹ڶǺӽ̽˵һƺܿͻᵽˡ
ԼУʱټ״̬Ȼʼˡ
ǺӵУǴһƬϲУΪһǰȴȫɵЩСкд̫౦ˣ
Ǵ֮вһöȫ쾧Ĵ֮ƷϵģһöƷ֮
ȻöƷ֮ȫ˿£׼֮͸ȥϾⳡսȫΪܹջʤһսƷá
ʮһö쾧һƷĴ֮Ҳ׼ڻ쾧ƷƷĴ֮̺Ĵ֮˵ɲ϶óˣ˱ΪǺӵĴʣڹؼʱ̲ܹá
ȻЩ֮⣬ԴƷ
ԴƷսͬս̫Ʒ˵ĺԼãԴƷͲһˣ˭õԴƷܹãֻҪܹеˡ
ԴƷǺ˵ܹǿܴʵڶ½ʵһΡ
ԴƷʹ֮֮⣬ЩСкУвս֮ĶҪԴʵ̫ḻˣֵҩսȫԷֽΪԭʼĲϣƳΪԷõĵҩԶõս
ЩԴĲ˵ǺÿһսԱĹʵؾĲΡ
ǺεȿֲֶΣ
Щ嶼ΪؾĴڵʱǺ׾źʹ׾ŵʵǷͬ׾ţǺӵĸ׾ǰͷ·ûսһϵĻѹ
ϾǺĴ׾ŵÿһԱͷ壬һͷҪսսļ֮ġ
֮ܶõЩıԴǺһν˿׶Ρ

ܿ͵õöƷ֮ʮһö쾧һƷ֮ЩΪȥսԴ
ٷսĻҲܹʩչֶνָɵ
ҲõطһܶȲУȻĻȥΣӦԣѾǿƵĴڣ´γľʮܶȵ񡭡
ţЩơ
ѻ˵֮ʱʱ½񶼿ǰǵطȥط
ƽʱʱ˵ǵָ
ڣǺȴûôʱȥȴ
Ҫ취С
ڣҲ벻ʲô취ˣֻܹԼ
֮ľžطٶһʱټʮЧٶȼ˵Ķʮ
ʱȥһ£൱˶ʮ£Ҳǽʱ䡣
Чʣ˸ġ
֮ǰʱټУʱܹɹľžһ
ڣֻҪһ¾ˣ㵽磬Ҳʱ䡣
ʱܹһܶȣЧ˵ȥ¶ʲô˻ţȻȷȷʵʵķϣ
Ȼ˵ʱֻǹȥ죬˵ʵǾһµʱ⣬ֻԳǿǶһü궼£˵ֻ⼸µʱ䡣
οʱ˲ʱݺϦȵȣʱʱͻһĳЩ顣
һ룬ɴľžطڸ
Ϊľģʺط


1655 ֮
ʵ֤ȷǿľžط˵Ⲣõط
Ϊֻһ֣ԣĺְɫĶƽģľžĻһܵ
һ˵ʵ˵½
Ȼˣľž㲻Ҫˡ
Щϧ
ȴһЦ޷Ҹ˵ȻҪѡʵطȥֻʱûʲôֻܿǺˡҸоӦòưոݲŶԣȥҪӦԵΣ½Ӽѡ
ţҲôãû취˭ҶΣǺӣΣ塣
֣صĵ˵ͷ
뿪ֱ֮ӿʼ
öЧڣٶȱ֮ǰһϧõ̫ˣö񵤣Ӧڸܶȵʱãպһ;ɿ١
ȻѾȥˣҲͲˣúһԼʵͺá
ľžֳܹɾÿһֶΪžÿ޳һܶһ
һֵĵѣٶȻǺܿģȻԼٶ̫죬о̫ˡ
ȻٶȶԱ˵ֱѾǿ쵽ʣǶĿǰȴһܹӵнʵ
ľžһֵĵʼһֱھžһľʮʱɡ
Ȼʮָȥʱ䣬ʵʱټѾ˽ӽĸµʱ䣬Ҳһٶʮ졣
˴ʱܶڴʮ屶ʮűٸһ̤뵽ʮܶȵĲΣ
ȵǣľžĵڶٶȣȻȵһҪ屶
Щ⣬屶ĻҪʮܶȶҪܳһʱ䣬ٶȣҲõȥʮ֮󣬲ܹɹľžڶֵĵһ
Ժÿһֵٶȶ屶Ļľžĵ֣ҵܶȱͣͲǰˡ
֪񾳽ܶжôѡ
񵤵Чڶʱڶ֣ҲǴﵽʮܶȥ
ֽ׶Σʵ֮⣬Ҳû취ֻˡ

ܿ죬ǿѾȥ˴һʱ䡣
ʱټУѾȥʱ䣬ſľžĵڶֵһɹԼﵽ˶ʮܶȡ
Ȼͷ֣ʮܶȸʮűʱ򣬼ֱر
ȻֻһܶȲ࣬ʵսʱܹһ񾳽ʱеθˣÿͻƶʮܶȣսܹ֮ǰࡣ
ʮܶȵԴƷܹг졭ʮܶȵܹмԴƷӣÿʮܶȣ˵һʱ䡣
š
ʱܵһܴı仯Ǿǹڹ
ٳĹԭӵٸ̤ʮܶȵʱ򣬹һ䵽ٸ
ڹпӡϸĹ֮ӡԼħطЧһսеĻָٶȽø죬ҲǸߡ
ۺʱǽڵһλģط̵УҲǽֶȿǽȥ
ٸȫռ֮ơ֮ƣо֮ħ֮ĵ֮ӡ
ʵ࣬õ֮ƣֱܹӿӡУӰ쵽Ŀǰսˡ
ȻӾгˣֻǽ˾ĵĲ㣬ܹкĿռĵ㣬ǲ֪ʲôĶ
ǰľžǰ֣ʼֵʱ򣬾ͿԽˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫܶȴﵽʮ˱ܹ뵽Ŀռĵȥ
ԴǲżͲһͣйصĶصܣ϶ֽ׶εܹȫ⿪ġ
Ӿ֮Ǻӵÿ˵񶼷ǳء
ҲоǺӷ·һѹС
ϸоһ£ͷ൱һﱻ˶ϵĸоֱԵĲֲǴĵģȻû˿Դֲнѳ
ǺΧµ̽ⷨ󣬲ûдʲôҪϢ
෴Դϴν塢ͻеǿܴ֮󣬻ûʲôǺˣ·嶼ѾĿһ
֪ǿ壬Ӧòô׷Ź
ȻԽʲôǷǳǸ߼ԴƷ׹Է׷
ôûκǺӣֻжһĲ
ָо˶ˣ
ҵȻѯʵ
졣֮ǰͺһǺ֮⣬˶ȴûзκ쳣
üš
ͷһ²ܿǽеǿ߼٣˷ûκμ󣬶ҶԷʼûг֣ĵĲԽԽӾ硣
Ҫ̫ţʲôҶὫ䵲סġ
ЦŶ˵ͷȻ׼ԼǺӵ֮ȥ̽һʲôԼʵһ㷴ûоͱԷɱ
Ϯǿ׼ҲʮܶȵĴˡ
ʮܶȵǿ忸СطԸһСӰɣ
һʲôǿУǧҪӲ绹ǿԵֵһӵģʱһԲ߾ͺã𣿡
˵
ģһעġ
ͷ
ȻȥԷĿֻĻеи뷨԰ѶԷߵطȥ
ôǾԼȥˡ
Ҹһȥɡ
֪뷨ʥ۴Ĺ̵ֹͣȻͨǧݹ֪뷨һ֮ǰĴڣҪǧƿԷķϡ
ʲô뷨ʥˡ
ʥ⻰ҲһǿߣܿܵؼʱȱֶΣԷѹʥһĻİȫԵȷҪϲٵġ
ȻһʥΣգˣŵʱҲܹס֣ʥߵġ
ǱһȥɣҴǰˮʯĽڣ̽һûʲôҴﵽʮܶȣڿԼʱֻҪ̫Զ£ʱԻصǺ
룬Ӧʥ۵ͬС


1656 ̽Ϣ
ʥۣȻǺг
һΣݺû֪ͨΪںݺҲǱ޵УûҪȥٸĵϢ
ǺΧԭ彮У彮Ѿϱ塢;ռˣӱͻҲռ彮һƬǽ壬ҲʱʲôǺߡ
߾ˮʯˡ
ʵǰˮʯȫѹģǿҲʮĴڣɾܽԷɵҪʲô˵СֶΡ
ѡȥĽ̽̽˵ܹҵʲôǺв
ҽĿǺеĻԷͲֱǰǺˣ
²Է϶а취̽鵽λãԲŻжô˵γȥҪȥ̽Ϣģ˹ǺٵĹ֮⣬й֮Ϣ
֮У֪Ὺ½ȥʺԼط
֪һЩϢ
֪ܹʮԿʱ䲻һеļ꣬еȴҪʮ꣬ʮ彮򸽽Զ಻ʮľ롣
ǺӵУ뵥λһΪһͬʱҲʱӡܹʶԶ룬ʱӡǴͷԶҲֻܴôңԶľ롣
彮ݺҲӣȥʮ򣬲Ҳǳ彮򣬵Ǻλòˡ
ǰˮʯ彮Ļܻ֪ܹõӦϢǿǺڶ½ǰУȥԼʺϵط
ܿ͵ˮ彮УȻƾڵܶȣ֮ĴڣȻܷټʥǱС統УȽס
Ͼ·ʱ䣬ʥۿ
ˮ彮൱彮ܹ࣬İٶǺɣݺ֮а˸ľ룬彮˽һ
ˮʵҲǳ岻ٵģȻǰǺӵʱˮѾʧ˲ǿߣӰ첢ȻӰ⸽һƬǺӵ
ֻڵǰˮûʲôµˡ
ͺǰʱǹе֮࣬ԭʨһ޵ʱ򶼲һ
жˮ彮дУпΣգҲ϶ˮΣˣȷ壬ӦʹˮʯȥǺӣֻϧûеóѣҲ֪ˮ彮УǷǿټ
ˮ嵱У֮Դˮϵ̫֮ϵ̫֮֮ԴҺ彮һ϶ǱԴ֮Դ
ʾ֮Դˮ彮ǿ϶ڣûôױҵ϶ˮ彮һЩڣֻ߱츳ˮ߲ʸǰʾ֮Դ
بż֮ԴˮʵܵõεĶ
Ѱˮߣ϶Ҳ֪Ϣǵˮ̽һϢ̽ϢĻԷ벻ʵԸ棬취С
ţȻܿ͵ó⡣
Ӱֶ֮ΣȻ޵Ļᱻǿ߿ģΪˮأ
Ǿܹ
ֻҪһ쵽ˮߣȫлòõһЩйϢˮ֪ϢĻǿ϶ڽھͿʼ׼½ǰطġ
Ȼˮƺûʲô½񡭡Ⲣ̽Ϣ
ܿѾжƻһСϰһͷδ׵ˮɵȻ԰Ӱ֮黯ģͷˮ壬ͷˮ壬һǿߡ
պиᣬҪͷˮǰһŴȥˮǺӵҪǺӣͳΧüǺӣͷպһͷˮ½
㻯ˮδףǿǰУܿͻˮᵱС
ˮģһ̯Һ壬̲Һʱ仯Ϊκ״Һ̬ǱȽټģ棬ˮ嵹ҲƣҺ̬ˮϵ̫֮ĵʱźܴơ
켣ˮǺӵУʼй͹ڽϢ
ϻΪͬˮǿߣʵԽԽǿԽԽߣܿˮУΪһ죬õǿߵĻᡣ
ֱӾ׼ȥͷˮ½ˡ
ڱ仯ˮ֮Ҳ˺ˮ򵥽һЩѰĶܹģЩˮĻʷĶȫ㲻
ȻҲûҪȥ㶮Щ
ǲˮֻһͷ½ûԼطģպþͱˡ
ʥС֪ϢʱҲЩЦ
ãû취һպ׼ھټǺеͳ죬׼һ֮󣬾ǰҵϢûдĻʱ֮󣬵صˮ彮һ򣬺Ǻ֮ʮңʱֱӹȥˣȻǰҵʱ֮ڣҵλãõʱ꣬ȻصǺȥ
ʥ֮䣬ͨǧսĽ
ǲ֪֮ͬǷʲôͬĵط
ʥЩᡣ
Ӧûʲô֮ǰѻҲ˵ˣκ½Լطô˵ȥܷʲôĻͺܺˡ
ʥ˵
ҲãȹȥӦһķֲŶԡ
ʥСеͷ
ͷˮ½񣬽ֱ֮ͨʱӡǴ󣬳ֱӴ͹ȥ
ȻҲ󣬻˸ģ֮󣬼ˮֱ̬Ӹͷ
룬ҪǰӰܹ֮ɱΪͨǾͺˣ˵ֱڻ޵״̬£Ϣ׷ȥˣϧֻ鷳αװˮȥûȨ£ͨʱӡǴ󻹵Ŷӡ
ڣŶʱӡǴٶҲǱԼֱմԽȥҪġ
ϾʱմֱԶģһԾܹͳȥһľ롣
һľ룬ҪմԽĻٵúüʱܹԽȥ

ʥһβͷˮ½񣬲Ҹһͷˮ񳤱֮ڵ򸽽
õϢǣͬʱĳˮ֮⣬и壬½
ǰʱ俪ʼ׼һǾͻУ


1657 ۼ
λˮ彮⼸彮м佻紦
ͷˮ½⾹ȻҲһƬǺӵУƬǺ֮ⲢûĴڣóǱ̫ʱˣ綼ҪôƣҪôѾʧˡ
ƬǺӵУһ
ѰиĲͬ㣬Ǿ⽨ֻдﵽ񾳽֮󣬲ܹ̤У
ﵽ񾳽ߣĸᱻе壬Ȼ֪Զ񾳽֮µĴ˵ǼΣյĵط
һǿд룬
ÿһζǲһģǰһˮεģ͵ˮ״بƬյУƣ˾η
ţʱŻῪʱҽУǱ棬۲嵱Ужܹгġ
ͷ½񣬶ȸ˵
ڻˮһǿߣˮһ˹δκܹˮףڳ䵱ųĽɫ
Ϊ½񽫻ˮбҪ׼ȷϾǸǽڵ壬úõĻܱܿԷȻչͱˡ
ڵȻóȻж
Ǻӵʱֻ꣬Ҫ֮ǰĲãֱӴͨصǺʱܹǺӵڶ½ӹˡ
֮ǰҪȹ۲һ³е
ĸ½񣬶ҪٵѹС˵ڵʵˮ嵱ݺᶼûκ谭ģͬʱĸˮ弶ֵĻѹе
ˮ֮⣬壬ֱǾ޾塢塢壬壬ʴ¹вûôûôˮһʵǿơ
˼ţ嵱Уô˵ҲһЩʮ౶ܶȵĴڣҪ֣˵е鷳ģڲ붯ɱﵵ£Ҫɵ񣬱붯׹С
ȴ֡
ͬʱйؽ塢ͻеǿ֮ǰôǿǺӸǺӾһֲѹ
һֱûʲôǿĴڳ֣ʼеͷԡ
֪ԷһƣǰδеҹƣܸǺκδϢĻᣬһҪڴ֮ǰһ·׼ã
еһᡣ
Ǻ˳ɳУȻһܱסǺӡ
һ棬ԷǷܹȷĵ֪Լڵλá
ǺǱ̵֪Ϊһöħ֮ף֮ǰĶǺӵЩ赲ôֻҪͷһöħ֮ôöħ֮׽һ
ֻҪöħ֮ױˣ֪ǺǱ߿϶ˡ
塢е塢ǿֱ׷ôͿԿ϶Էֱܹڵľλã
ҪǿѡǺӵĻǾаٷ֮ʮĿܣԷֻ֪Ǻطľλá
Ѿ˰취ȥӦԣȷܹԼǺӵ˴һ԰ȵ
ȥˡ
ʮȥˡ
ʱڣܶʱټΪΧʼˮĴڣڻֵʱ򣬼˷ʱҲûа취
˵ֻҪ㹻ȵܹһֱȥԱȱ˶Ҫٺܶȥ
ǰôһӾͱܹЩʮʮĳȥԿԣҪĲǴȶ
һȽϺʵĻᡣ
һʱȥ֮󣬳ˮ֮壬½ƬǺӵС
޾塢ͺ壬ûʲôĵط۲һ£϶ֻһ½񣬶ĿʱʮһΣһ⸽֮ǰ
֮䣬ˮڵĸ壬ֻһ½ٶȶĸ˵ǺģϾǽͻеĳǿ塣
ÿһǿ߶ǺҪԴرǶˮ˵
̫٣ս涼ǱȽϱصģһ㲻ɳȥðգ֮ǰǺӵĽѾˮ塢ʯʧ࣬ڣǻϾѾˡ
ˮ彮л켣ôãҲ֪ˣˮĴǲ֪ǺӵĴڵģҲֻЩ񾳽磬ĳЩսŵԱ֪Ǻӣ֪Ǻ࣬ѾǺΪͷвԴ
ֻҪǺӵκˮ̾ͻӦķӦ
ֵǣûеõ塢ͻеǿϢɼǿĴڳˮ彮еϢǷǳأαװͷˮΣ޷֪Ϣ
ȹһЩֵʵǰͿԶˡ
гԳĴǿ߽й۲졣
д߶˾֮طϰѳĴϸ۲˸һĴ񣬸ԶѶԷвȫû뵽һС֮䣬׼ȫһ򾡣
ĸ壬ÿһһʮıܶȵͷȫ½ܹͷԸǺѣֻҪ׹ܰȫɵˡ
˼ţڹؼҪĸ۵һ
ԭĸ໥䱸ţ֮ǰǲһģ໥ܣ˵ĸ嶼۵һˡ
ѡһ嶯ֵĻ״һȡæ̬ȣǻһΧֱۣӼƲܣ
һ޷ЩȫߣܿͻһЩ鷳ϾĴϵ̣һĴˣҲ˵ܹʤԷ
ԼȻ¡
ؼڣ壬ҪӳԼʵͱ̬֣ͻöԷ֪顭
ˮ˶巢ƣǿɾʹˣڵ֣ûǸȥˮֶԿ
ڹǶԸ塢嶼Ѿ㹻ͷ۵ˣټˮ⸽壬Ǿ͸˵ˣ帲пܡ
ƻУдǺһ·ļƻ
ȴ壬彮ʵ̫ˣȫǨ㣡
ôֻˡ
һ⡣


1658 ֶ
ڵǺӸˮ塢޾塢塢ĸ½񣬸ԸһǰڵȴĿ
ʣʱ
ʱĸѾʼ˷Ϊʮ꿪һΣ½ԽʺԼط֮⣬ҲǿԽУԵˣǺпܴеõһЩöġ
˵п˹򣬲ҵõǿĹ֮ƣҲеõĳ似ȫ֮󷢻ӳΪֲܡ
Ȼеõôĸʲ󣬵ȴû̫ΣգԲ񶼻Ը·ˣõһνĻᡣ
֮ÿνƵġ
ʮˡ
һĸһպþʮˣҲĸȶԼõģÿһĿֻһӣû½񣬿ѡ
һϵ½ôֻѡ
壬ӵĽÿһ֮ģһξֵ޾壬ξ޾һ񳤱½ǰ
ںˮ壬ξ͸ֻˣܹʮˣٽʱ򣬶Щ˷ܺͼ飬֮仹Ǳźľ衣
Ȼĸ֮ȶйԼģԼȫû̫ԼĸҪ飬ô׾ƻԼǲò
Ҳ֮ǰֻʣʱ㣬ھҪжˡ
˷ܺ͸Ծʱ򣬾ʮԼڵƬռ룬ͻȻһ
һȼڻ棬ϴļµϢ·ЩڻմȾ֮󣬾ͻɢһǶʮ౶ܶȵû⡣
ʲô
ЩɻʮǿߣԳֵڻȼŵǺ棬һʱ֮䣬ȴֲ
Щϼһϴ̫δ֪̫ΣգκζҪ̽һµĻôһǻġ
ԵոճֵʱܹʮûʲôжֻǸԶĶ
Ϊ˾£Щ׳ն׹
ֻû뵽ЩȻʶ˵Щһʵ̫ˣȻû
ڶľҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ǡ߼ԴƷ
ģɵͷˮף̾˿ɫұֳһֺʲôӣҲˮ˵ֱӳɹȥ
ˮ彮켣ôãѾģˮַôȻѾˮ֮໥
߼ԴƷ
ˮˮԱһʱˣȼڻϲɢԴƷϢ
Ȼ֪ԴƷôȷп飬Ͼ˵ʱſ׳ﵽ֮⣬Ҳǲܵ顣
ۿģ⻯ɵͷˮ壬ҪӴȼڻԴƷΧʮ׷׿ʼж
ʱҿ̫Ͼδ֪ǿĶȴҲԸɥʧõǶĻᡣ
߼ԴƷǶôֲǿڣ
һõʵз츲ص
ڱ֤ȫ£ԸԴ˷ǽʸ񣬸߼ԴƷʲô
ڣһܹõʲôأ߼ԴƷѾеǿսˣ
ˮͷУΪˮͷǼ߼ԴƷǼôˮһõΣգôҲֻǸ߶δ׵Сһ˵ļһֵһᡣ
ܿ죬Ѿ׹Ա߲Զ
ʼչ۲ΧʮͷĶһͷһͷ޾½񣬾׹ȽңԶԶľֵܹķΧ֮⡣
УҪȫƬС
ţȻˮһӱ㵽׹ǰԼУȻֲϢɢ
ǿұǿˣҵˣ
ˮֳϲɫȻʼ׹ˮʱ򣬲ܶ׹ȫҪȫ׹ָ̬
ⲢӰ쵽׹չָ񿴡
ڱֳ߶δ׵ս
ɢĿֲϢȴʼӽ񾳽ĲΣǸ߼ԴƷĿֲ֮
߶δ׵ʱƾ׹Ѹٻһ׾ţڣͱֳƣΧĴܵˡ
ȻǹЩһܵġ
Ȼ׹ԸԳбʹáɢֲ֮ԭСĽԭһЩҲʼһڵĵطϮ˹
ûκ˻߼ԴƷܹʹãʱûκΣյģûһ߶δ׵ˮ嶼õҿʼе
Ƕ
Ǹ߼ԴƷ嵱жûһ
ܿĹؼһõ߼ԴƷǺпһԾΪ嵱еǿߣȻӻԻ͵ʱ
߼ԴƷǿǱҪõġ
Ϲˡ
Χ徹ȻȫΧ˹ʱ֪Լļƻɹˣø߼ԴƷԷһļƻϲܻʲôʧ
Ϊǿ⡣
Щ˵Ҫǿ;޷Ǿô֣õ߼ԴƷ׹ĻǱǿļݾ
һõʵʵı仯ҪԲԶ
ϧǣЩ岢֪׹Ȼų壡
ˮͷҲ֪ǺӵУһӵ׹ģǺӺֻ֪ɣǿơ
оģͷô֪أ
Ǻӵȫˣ׹һûзŹ׹Ϣֱڻܱˮ֪ġ
£ѾȲʤȯˡ
ʮͷȫۼһƬΧֶ֮κȻ
򣡡
ʥۣԸЩؾĸ࣬񡭡
ʥ˵꣬Ȼָ̬Ȼʥ۴С˳
š
ʥ۰ļƻȫҺ뷨˵Ҳܹϵ޷졣
ɱ
ڳ嶼ûӦһɲǣɱ¾Ѿʼˣ


1659 ȫ
ˮ塢޾塢ͺ壬Ĵܹʮͷ̼ͱסյУ߶˲˸Ƭգ
һ̣ʮͷ񼸺ͬʱӦ˲ԾĵطȴѾˡ
ľˮͷ壬һͷ½񣬻һͷ񳤱ǾֻȼźɫǼϮȻС
ԭˮ߶δףȻ˲仯һ壡
塣
ˮȻϳ壬ȴû˿Ϊ׹ȫڻ泯ǵҺ̬֮вʴ룬ܿͰǵȼ
͸˶ԷڣȻһѳ׹ɱɭȻЯϢѶԷ֮ɵһ㻹֮ûС
ϾȹĻǵܶȱᱻһ룬ͷˮ񳤱Ҳʮܶȣڴﵽ˶ʮܶȵʵе
׹ɱֲĴڣ෽ԭһȻ˲ɱͷˮȻԾ֮ͨɡ
ʥ۴Сг֣Ȼ㻯һֻѩ׷ٶȥʣµ߶δ׵ˮʿ񾳽ʵȥؾʿֱ˵׾٣˵һɱ
ûκʥֱһ񻯵ͨ㽫ͷ߶δ׵ˮ߳׸ɵ
ʱﻹ֪ˣ
һˮĴֱ֮ӴܣԸˮʱ򣬾ͿʼΧľͼƬռ
ʵǿ
ǰͷܹһ𹥻Ļеȫ֮ǰƿڸԷͷжûƳ
ɱ
ûκͣɵͷˮֱ֮ӱ˾޾ͷ
޾壬ʮ־޴壬еƾģǶͷȴӵϰٶ۾Ļʮǿᣬ֮󣬻ҲҪ߳ü
ǶķͲˣ˵ҲƵĴڣǱȽƤ͡
ǿôǿֵܵס׹
ԷܶȲĻ׹ܹ׸ʴԷȻڶԷȼöԷڶ̶ʱɥʧʶ궼մ
׹ֱ֮ͬ꣬ɢ쵽˶Է󣬽ͷ޾ȫסȻ޾޴󣬵׹˵ʲô
Ҫ֪׹ܹŵǧɳģһ׾Ŷܹȫס˵ͷ޾ˣôҲֻǸ壬Ⱥ壬׹˵סȫ⡣
֮򣡡
ڹ޾ͬʱ߶ͨľ֮ͨʱټЧɢȥֱ˾УӶٶȱЩһҪʮ
޾ͷ
ͷ
кͷ
ʣͷ񣬵ҲЩֶεģе׹Ĺ·һϧȴľ֮طȫֵסҪôħ֮ĵطԷ˺ֺ
̶ʱڣ嶼ɾȻþ֮ȫɵ
㶨ˡ
ʥ۲ĸؾ࣬ȫɵ֮Ҳ׷ױʥȫɱһҲΪ˾֮ɵ
ֻûо֮ʲô仯·Ŀһƿ
ѾôнӽʮܶȵĽ塢ͻеôһ仯ûУѵҪþ֮Ҫ̵˵ҪʮܶϵĴڡ
ôһ£ֻÿսѾ֮ٻʬ壬ϣһ仯ɡ
ʥۣһ֮ͨǺӵʱ
˸žâ˾֮ʥԼһʱ
һΣǻȥ֮Ǻ˶ϣһ
˵
ȷһǺӵĻҵɾûˣ̫Ҳ޷ߵԴ
ʥЩ⣬벻Ȼľ
ȻֻͻȻ뵽ģҪȻĻֻҪͷһʥ۾ӦѾ֪ˣЩ̫⣬ΪʲôͻȻľ
̫أʲô̫Ĵڣӵһʾ֮ԴǱ̫ظģǿԴߵġ
ЦһЦԴ̫̫࣬ˡ
Ϊ֪彮߷Դʵ̫ѷˣܹǰһЩôԴö࣡
̫أɲܳΪסɡ
ؼǣںȻѾǿĴڶǺӣע⵽ûУ뿪Ǻӣˮ彮֮ѹԵϢʧˡ
˵ţǿֻǶǺӣΪĿ꣬£Ǻʵ̫ˡǳ˵ѡ񣡡

ʥηҲǰһ
£Ǻ˶ܹӵÿһСУװǺӵˣʱͣСкˡ
ȻһʲôΣգҲֱܹӶУܶǺӵǶôǿĴڣǲܴġ
Ȼÿοʮһ£ԼڣǺӵе½߸Ҷ΢֪ҡݺ¸衢ʥۣиԼ
߸˽ĻҲ޷ֹ롣
УЩǿ壬Ҳֳʲôѻ˵һЩ飬Уκ˶Ǳӡ״̬
˵ֻ񾳽߲ܹ룬֮ȴȫͨûʲô
£ܹˣܶԷʲôĴ㷢˳ͻҲܹռݾơ
Ƚϵĵľǽ塢ͻеǿߡ
ǺӶϢӦþǿĳǿߣǿߣУӡ֮Ҳûôˡ
ѻ˵֮ʱλýȫ
Ծǿ֮ȴҲǲܵȵǵġ
ӵõϢ֮ڿʼһƻھͿܷɹʵʩˣȻͨʱǰǺӣôʱ졣
Ǻ岻ǿڣ϶ܹʱĳ֣ҵ֪Ǻеתߡ
ʱֵĵطǺڲ
ǿҪܹڶʱڰ繥ƣô׹Ƶģ㹻ʱ䣬ȫߣ
ֻҪƺʱ䣬ǿ׷ʱѾ뵽֮ˡ


1660 뿪Ǻ
ǰ죬ʥЯְˮĸȫɱ⡣
ȻǾͿʼ׼ʱһֱͨǺӵУ˵Ѿʲô⣬ܶȴﵽʮ֮ı仯ܹһʱ
֮ǰǲܵʱģҪֲܹٳ
ʥһ֣ٳʱҲҪ̵ʱ䣬Ǻӵ׼ȷʱ꣬ʱѶȲֻҪĲٵˡ
Χͳ˲پ֣ʲô˴Χܹ֪
Ȼ̽Ļٷ֮ٵıϵģٶҪ졣
طȽƫƧƽˮĸҲǱ൱ܣظ֮ҪƬǼѵ飬˻ʱĿԲߡ
ĸĳԱ޷طļϵˣ΢Щֶѣʱǰ󣬾ʮͷ񻹻ţҲпܸʧȥϵġ
֮ܶʣʱ䣬ˮĸʲôԾģҲѾѸϹˣοϹҲ¡
µĸ֣¶Է֪ɱǸ֣ĸ嵥̽ĻܰѶԷɱ
ʣһʱ
Ұΰ׳֮УһΰƣΧնһƵУĳֲƬǿյʼɢ
ûȥı仯ֻ΢۲һ£Ȼȷһڡ
һΰ׳۵ǳɫΧˮλƣ޾Χѭ£ΪűΪ
ǧĻܹˣبеܹĸڣֱĸǰպˮĸֱռˡ
ڣԴκһڴ뵽С
ֻȷһڣڻڹرţҪȹһʱ䣬ڲŻ
Ҳպþʱڰʱȫ˳
߰ɣǻȥ˶ϣ
ʥ۵˵ͷȻһ̤뵽ʵʱڵȥһǾͳǺӵڲ

Ƭ統Уκεصʱ꣬ҪǸص㣬ܹռõ
Ծˮ塢֪ǺطҲ޷ͨʱֱ꣬ӽ뵽ǺӵڲģΪǸ֪Ǻڲʱꡣ
Ͼʱ겢һ򵥵ַţһӡǣصʱӡǣ޷ֶ֮ͨεóģΨһİ취طȻʱռ
ʥֱۣӳǺӵ֮ڣȻָ֮ܵѹ֮·ǺӱʲôǿڶһԷȻûзʲôƣûκжǺӵơ
ʱʥ۹ˡ
Ȼ֮⣬û֪ʱ뿪Ǻӣ˶Ϊʲôûг֣ȥǹѹ֮
һЩ׾ŵУѾвڿʼ˽ۣ˵ε᲻һθΣڹؼʱ᲻֮ġ
˲ϾʵѾԽ֮ǿߣƾʵȫǿǰطȥ·չġ
ȴѡΣյʱǶȥ
ʵ֤Ȼǲʧġ
ʥ۹֮󣬱ǵľʹһ˵ˣȻܿʹǺӡ
ҪǺӵľ˶е𾪡
ǿѹ֮ûκΰ취ջ̻̣˼ûˣ˵Ҫ뿪ȻԸġ
ֻʣһ뿪Ǻ֮ҪȥƵķչ̣
ǺӲı彮ȽڽʱҪȥ̽һ彮Ѷûġ
Ҫ뿪Ǻӣǲص彮ˣ
иʾڶвǲ֪ΪʲôǺӻЩӶĴԲ֪ЩʲôĿꡣ
˵Ǻӵģô뿪֮ȻûΣˣҲܹ
ģһ뿪֮ЩвĿŵ彮Ǹô죿
ʣֻǼ򵥵һ»شȻ˵Ķȥ
ȹȥ⣬ҲûãعڵʵܹھطݺģҸȵķչûôףҪ˵˴õǻûġ
ιĿ꣬ȷ˵ЩΣȫ˵ģ壬뿪Ǻӣѹ֮ȻǺӣȻǺѾһȫĵط
ԼǵʲôĴڡ
ԷҪԸǺӣֹ˶ԷΨһĵҲǣԷץ֮ȥ壬ȻĿԺС
Ϊһ֮Ļǰڳһ̬ȣȥ֣ҲͶ
ʵϾҲûá
ҵǱףʴ¹еλõ˽塭һ䲻ңڳǰЧвҪöࡣ
кһ㡣
һֱֵĻԷܻܿɵ֮ʵӶҶ֡
ڶԷǰΨ·һ
Ȼ֪ԷԼʲôĿģΪʲôҪɱԼڱȽпܵƲǣԷΪ˷ֹȻһиǾԴ
Ͳ֪ˡ
ʥۣݺ¸ǿߵĶԱ֮£˺ܿͽ뷨׷׽ڶǿߵС統УȻ׼뿪Ƭǿա
˻ǷǳõģΪ彮Уǵѣ뿪Ļ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱܹٻ
˶Ѿ²⵽ˣһ뿪ܿܽȥƯȴڡ
Ϊ˶Ѿоˣ˵츳ʵֲ̫ˣѾܹɱӽʮܶȵǿߣֻҪһʱ䣬ܹΪƬǿյǿߣ
οڸڼ䣬˵Ϊ֮ǰҪ˲֪ٱõ˹ӣǵĸսǳԡ
ˣھ뿪Ǻӡ
ƬǺӵĹأڽ
ˣӭһոµʱ̣


ʮ߾ 


1661 ֮

弫ңԶӭʷĵһ塢
ʥۣݺҶ΢¸裬ܹͨʱǧĻΧһͷ֮Ů֪ҵĲлռݣһ֮⡣
Ǻеˣڻ϶Ƿ뵽˵СС
Ů֪ҳ⡣
Ϊ۵С磬Ľ磬Ѿױݻ٣ұĵڰͨڵŮ֪ûСģΪȻܶȴﵽʮ౶սǱȲЩʮ౶ܶȵ
ʱȻڣһҪʱŻɢ
ʲôڵƬǿգôܹͨʱǰǺӵڲˣȻѾҪǺӣҲνʲôǰǺ֮ˡ
ǽȥɡ
˵
һʱǺӵպõ˿ʱ򣬵˴ʵʱڴʱ򣬷ĻڳΧɢȥ
㶼䵽ʱ֮ϣɢΧԲǧ֮ĵطԽǿԽԵܼγһϵķţ·֮
ЩĻ񾳽ĴڣĸȥֻһЩûдﵽ񾳽֣ôᱻЩĻʴһʣ¡
˳һſȥܿǳֵǸʱھѾˣΧյѾȫռѾױˮռݡ
ƮȻâ¶ΣΧ
˵˵ûκΣգҪСһЩ
һȻȳһڷǰ
һƬƬĻдУ϶ʪˣڳԽԽĹ̵УҲЩĻУ̺ĳ֮
ȻǺԣȻЩĻƽ֮ģûдĽôŨǿ󣬵䱾ȴ֮
ƬƬĻУ˶һ־ϵԭǶ֮ûһ˿һĸڣȴԴһԵӡ
Ļеõľ͸ˣΪѾõط񾳽ߣΧΣȻٶ
طɲĵط˵ʲôǿڴӺ׷ˡ
ҪǵõͷоЩʲô˵
ֻУ˵ʶ֪ȫ֮ǰųȥľ֣ЩĻȫʴ޷κõϢ
ǰûһΧȫ˰ããһƬ
ʱʧǰǳɫĺΰǧĻƣԵ÷ʲô齵
ͨˮӻ־ܽ䳹ɢЩεĻ£ȴκ޷ó
ķˡ
ߵķӡȻǴڵģһ߰ʮܶȵǿ޷ʩչʲôֶҲͿ԰ˡ
ţʥ۸ͬͬ⣬ȻҲ뷨˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ƬĻУǲòԼڵⲫеڳǰ֮⣬ûĶܹͷ·ƬĻһ
ĻУһǽȥܿ죬Ļ֮Ĵűǰ
ȥɡ
һΧûзʲô׵ĵط׼ŮȥԼʺϵطġ
ھҪ˶ˣĻУΪЩΪ޹أֻǸйء
ֻҪͻᱻ͵֮ȥṳ̂ǻᱻƬƬĻʴ龳ǿ߹ӦܹܵЩĻӰɣ
龳磬˵̫ңԶ
лһֱһɻǾ龿ʲôط
ּ϶ǴϵģҪȻʴ¹ȵȵطĴھû취ˣ֮Ҳʵڵģֻ޷ѡ
ǣȴûпǰ
۽磬ҲֻǼһЩżõһЩżѧĳЩֶζѣǣЩ龿ʲôط
飬ܾǰѾ֪ˡ
Сʱ򣬾ͼʶʵսϵʱ򣬱塢ֹסɵ
һֱڣûмĴڡ
ЩѰζˡ
飬ܽ塢еǿ֪Ļһ㣬һȻȥѯˣǴˡ
ô˵ȿЩʲô˵ɡ
һ̤УȻͷΧĻøܼˮҲŨ֮಻ȫṳ̂һĸоҪҰȫûнĴڣȫֻˮĻڻƮҡ
ԭˣȻ̤֮ȫʧˡ
·Ǳ͵˲ͬĵطȥûиܵκʱ߿ռĲ
Ȼ֮żֶβܹ󣬲֪˶ֿҲûκѶȵ飬ֻûоκζ⣬ԾͷǰⲽС
ţǰĻȻ㳯ɢ˿ȥһƵĿռǰƬռ䵱У·𴫳һޱȵз·ĳħ鲻ԽĳС
̵УĸоʲôڳԼĹпӡȥ޷ϲ֮
ֻܱ޶ȵĵȻȻһԼƣԼĹоͱӡһһĺۼ
˵ӦþϲŶԡ
Ͼй֮ӡԼĹ֮пӡƫƫһȴһּµı֮⣬һɱϮԺУҲȫĪı˵У޷ϲ
֪˶ã·ȥ£־͵ڴһ˹
Ȼѹһɱ֮⣬ȴȫصԺУζ޷Ĩȥ
ôһ¡
еõһö֮ӡȴ˲ֱƵĸоǳã·һжʧȥ˸ɾ⻹ûй״
֮嶼ûжԴκεֿΪⱯ֮Ƕľ껹ûκ˺
ȿ֮ӡʲôЧɡ
ţȻȥ̽³ֵӡǡ


1662 ֮
û뵽Լ̤˵õһö֮ơ
֮ơ֪ʲôЧ
˼ںûʲô취ȥ̽ö֮ƵЧ͹ã֪̤೤ʱˣУʱ·Ǹû̫ĸ
Щ㯡
һȫֿʱ䶼Բϣû취ǰԼʱ뿪֮ˡ
ȻֻҪ뿪ȥ֮а취ϵͬȥˣ˻УͿ϶ϵϵġ
Ȼǲֱ뿪ġ
һյõ֮ƣ̽ŸոտʼһڳȥĻܿһЩ⡣
ǴǺ˳ʱŹȻҪ粻ôףǸܵõò˶ͻ飬ȻԷܹͨŵʱĸƬա
ǿӦþĸ
֪ʱȥ˶ãûǲҪð뿪ҪʺԼطٶҲôġ
뿪ĻҲ˵ġ
֮ơֻħ֮ĵĹ֮ӡˡ
һ£µõĹ֮ƣռһٸռĹ֮ƣҪù֮ЧĻֻܹӹмռ
ĹУܹٸռ䡣
֮ơ֮ơ֮ƣռٸռ䣬ʣµٸռ䣬Ҫ˾֮ħ֮ģطЧֱǿ
õµĹ֮ƣô»ῼһ¾֮ħ֮ĵЧˣΪطֽ׶ôر
֮巽棬ǲñ˰ѹֶνԼϵġ
ħ֮ĵܵٶȣûй֮ӡļӳɣҲڶʱħֻ֮ǽܴﵽѩ̿á
ǲ֪֮ʲôЧˡ
ţϧûа취оΪʲôܶãȻҲ֮ܿƶԼĸЧ
ʱͻȻ͸оԼǲӡɢȥȻǰһ״ʯ
ʯ̬ƣȴӵֱۣлҰɫչЩŹ֣Ľ壬־߱һЩ嶼߱ԡ
һδˣڿܲˣУȴģʯ
Ҳ֪ʯʲôģ
оһԼΧԼ뿪֮ڣƺԼͱܹˡ
Ҫһ¹֮ƵЧ𣿡
ʯԴƣֻݱȽϳª׶
ûΪڵ
ֱʯʼȻȾʹ߶ΧһϣȻ׶Ŀⶢһ
ǣҶ䷢ƣ
ţȻȰѹ֮ƴӹж£ȻͷͨϢͺӰ֣ȻһڻϢȻֱʯϣ
ע⵽ԼĹʯȻûвκЧӿľϢԲȴԷķɵĵֵ
ܺãȻԹ֮ƵЧ
˼ţ֮пӵԷϵЧ
ҪȻĻʯӦòķʽǰ
ûж룬ֱڹпӡ˹֮ƣȻһδ߶ϢͨһϢ籡Ȼ֮֮⣬ռ䶼С
ڵĻϢʯΧķϣȻͿǷƺȻȻĿʼɢȻϢ˳Ĺʯ֮ϣ
ǡʲôЧ
ʯǿͨ޷ʲô˺һ˺۶޷
ȴʶ˹֮ƣöԷķϿʼɢĳȷ֮ƵЧԷЧʲôЧȴö֪
Ҫ˵ʴڵĻҲûмƼ󣬸ոһĻͺʯԼ˵ֿͷ÷ֱڵһ
üͷ΢壬һ黹ǲ֪֮ʲôЧ˵ȽΡ
ȻҪ֮ƵЧαִǰʯ
һ룬ֱӽȡ˳ȻԼص˾С統ȥˡ
ţҲᶯʲôֶΣ㳢һڵʲôо˵
ֱѡСиŵ˶
š𣬻֮ǰڵȫСУȻԸǺúýһЩҲʱָ㣬˵Ǻӵвûʲô
رʾ֮ԴϣȵȥҵһȵĵطȫԽ֮Դͷų˽ġ
֣ǵƷԲʲôЧɣ
ЩƣΪ˺ˬҪûоֱܾӵͷӦ
Ҳ֪᲻ʲôЧ֮ܶ˵
һ˵ţһ߶ֱӶ۳һսĵ
ĹͨĹûжκ似ֻͨӵĿս۶ɵһȻЯ֮ӡȻ
ңֻǶԼʮ֮һһžͲᱻһ˺˵ǱȽ׵ַӰ쵽Թ֮ƵЧ
ŶһĵȴٴУϾֻ߶δ׵Ϊһ񣬼ֻʮ֮һܹв
Ȼ֪ô£һ֮뵽ŶʱȴһֹŹֵĸо
һ·ĵ֮£ǱǹĸףھĽʱ
ڹɹƹս֮ʼԼʱӵ㹻ǿǷܹףײսˣ
֮£ǸӣŵȻȥҪ־ִֻܹƹЩ֮ˡ
ĵ֮и֣һʱ侹Ȼȥֵһ
ûӦűں޶±һУĹ֮³źյɳȥһѪ
Ȼ˲أҲüͷ΢塣
ô£СӣȻûж
ʶĲͬѰ㳯ŷɹȥܿ콫һö˵ҩͽ˶Է
ûãڴӹ֮Ӱѹɻ֮ɫ
֣ҸоˣֻҪһҾͻǰı֮£һʱ侹Ȼ˷
һ仰һģ뷨
֮ƣпҶǵһֹ֮ƣЧǳ


1663 ֮
ܿʹӾгˡ
֮ǰ˳ͻȶٴһ£ŵǰ֮Իķ޻ԼҪע⣬ȻûܹĹƽз
ʱ򣬹֮ƣ˶ǰһЩ֮£Ӷһʱ˷͵ֿ
ȷ֮ƱҶǵһֶΣЧ㲻ԸʱжЧͲ˵ˡ
ƶֵֶΣ٣֮񻯵ľ֮֮һ
֮ƺþͺЧǱЧҪȥ߶ҲᵼС
ԤЧ϶ǱȲ񻯵ľ֮ͨģ˵ȴǷǳõһֶΣҪĶôС
񻯵ľ֮ͨȣ֮ƵƺһĿȻ
Ȼڻ֮ƾĿǿж٣Ը񾳽ǿߵĻôЧЧǳõĻǾ͸˾ϲˡ
֮ܶûʲôĶ顣
Ӿг֮󣬾ٴλصƬŰɫˮĿռ䵱УǸʯѾʧˣȡ֮һƬĳ
ҪҼǰ˰ɡ
ûߡ
ڽ֮ܺеһϵǸ˾ʥۣͨͷ·Ǹ˫սһ֪Լ뷨ԶʲôĻУ޷˵˼뻥ͨ
ʥۣͬǾǲ֪ʱȥ˶ãҲ֪ԼʲôطΧȫǰããһƬ
ʥۻ֪Ҳ޷ϵһˡ
ǰɣʥۣطϾ˵ǼҪһ
ʥ˵
ѾӵľžطԽ֮󣬲ҪʲôŬĿ꣬ܵõʲô׬ģʥ۲һûʺԼطҪúŬһ²С
ͨսǧ֪ʥΧʼһЩʥİɫâЩɫâֹ൱ϳ̶ȡ
ʥԭͣʼһʥİɫâеȻʶжϡ
ûȥʥۣԼǰ
ܿ죬ŰɫˮƮȻǰΧʼһƵЩ֮У̺ĳϤǰӰԵġ
ֵһǣľžڶֵĵһ֮һȫϣӰԵϣѾܹʮˣʱûȥƽһ仯
ΪһӰı仯ﵽʮϣϳ̶ȶᱻһ
û׼
ľžĻ밵Ӱϳ̶ȣǿǷģһʱ˿
һƵİӰ֣û̫⣬ЩӦܹõֻҪŬȥЩ̺ˡ
ڸʲôЧͲǵķΧˣҲҲ²ʲôûҪ˷˼

֪˶֮ЩĸԽԽΧֵҲԽԽ࣬𽥱յ嵱С
ۼ˰Ӱ֮۵֮ͨΧǡ
ܿ췢Щ̺ŵȻڶ԰Ӱ֮ͨ
ڵİӰۣܹ֮еҲֻһˣǾ񻯡
ʴ¹һµż
ʴ¹ܹߵֱͨ񻯣ܹΪ񾳽ĴڣôеȻҲ̫ܽߵͨ񻯣Ԥϡ
£İӰ֮ͨʼ񻯵Ĺ̡
֮ʱĸԽԽ
֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ֻȥ˼죬Ҳܹȥ˼£֮ܶеʱҲȫ֪ˡ
ʥۻûԼطİӰ֮ͨȴڲ񻯵Ĺ̵С
һƵ˿߱յСУȻ󽫰Ӱ֮۵֮ͨգͨͨ
֮İӰۣ֮ɸ֪ΧȻʶ֪ķΧ
΢һ¾Щȣ񻯰Ӱ֮ʩչʱһ͵ͫӰȻ͵ͫӰУܹΧʮﷶΧ֮ڵ
仯ǿţЩֲ
ʮķΧٱʶ֪ǧ񻯵İӰ֮ͫӰ£ܶӰļһҲ
ڣ߶Ӱ֮֮󣬶ܹУΧİ
ȻУ񻯵İӰܹ֮۲쵽ķΧԶԶûôԶҲܹΧɵ˵ŷǳİġ
ȻĴڡ
񻯰Ӱ֮۸λãȻһɹˮγɵĿռ䣬ˮռ䵱УҲϱ任λá
һɹˮУ̺ϵĿռʱ̤֮񾳽߸ƿռʱ䣬ȫҡ
ʥ۵ˣͱɢһɹɽˮ֮УΧ֮ڣһ˶ûУȻ˶ȽԶ
ڲռ仹Ǻܴģ˰Ӱ֮۵ͨҲֻܹΧ֮ڵĳԶĵط޷̽鵽
ֻǣȻ޷ж
ڰɷΧ֮ڣҲ޷ŶԷڴǰȥǱһɹɽˮΪУһڲʹĳǰ
һһʼʱȽǿң˹֮ƺ˰Ӱ֮۵ͨܵȴȻָá
ָãǼ򵥵ָǴһְǿԵ
ܾܿǹ֮鲻ԽûнеֿûиоʲôǿǷǰȴҪǸǰ
ǿߣߵƿطǳ
š
ûпĽһĸоֱʹǼȶķǰȥ
ģû˸ŨˮС
񻯵İӰ֮ӰһֱܼķΧҲԽԽСӰɷΧһֱֻܿʣʮɵķΧܹˡ
һڹâΧв˸֣֣
Щڹâƺͷųֵһ̺ܹȴʶĴһڹâиܵ˵ΣյϢ


1664 
ΣյֱһֱǺ׼ȷġ
Ȼ֮ǰѻ˵֮ĵطһ㲻ֶвȫֻǸط͵õôĵطҲע⵽ˣĻСһ㡱ʡ
Ҳ˵УпܻΣյģ
Ͼ˲ͬ
֮ǰ彮УЩ½֮󣬻طֱӳˣûеĵطȥܹߣʲôû֪ѻǿ϶֪ġ
ںܿǰ½Ƕ
νһο𡭡
۲ΧڹâвϴΣϢȻЩڹâһ̣ϳΧĿռ䵱С
ԭɫˮЩס֪϶ΣմЩ̵ˡ
ʶпĿ飬̾С
ȫ֪ôһ£ֻ׼֣ص̬ȥӭκпֵܳԲӦ䡣
Щ̽ΧסǴһȫֵ£ȻЩϱƽܿסһСĿռ䵱С
ѾŵЩ̵ɢĳаϢܲ
ľܵЩ̵Ӱ죬Ȼ˿ʼһ㱣ȻЧķʽԼԼһȶնʹȴ޷ѹ
ʵħ֮֮ƻĴʵ̫ˣʹѰ˵ǻԹȥ˵ȴѶ
ܿľͱеаһڻþһĵط
ǰģһ޼ʵأȻƬصϿȴǱ鲼һḷ́˷ϮƬضסա
Ķ
һɲ֮УϮ紵һƬߣݲ
ϲʬǣҰУѾˣһƬ֮ϡ
һ£ԼȻӵһ壬壬һҺ̬
ԼһƣƬصİյУǰ֮ȴΨвۡ
ǡ壿
һ뵽Լнֵĵطʱ˵Լʬ壬ӦþǴλǿС
һƬþ
ȷһ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬ȴоǰ˵ȻЩϤ·ǰʱ
һԭھ۵ļ䣬Ȼ㳯Ժӿ
ˣۣ
һ뵽ԼԵʱԺһμ䳡
֮ΣɫȼأʱΪĴأڿǴظ磬ĳλĵط
ľۣΪҲѾﵽ񾳽۷壬ܶȣѾﵽһٱĳ̶ȣ൱Ǵеĳ̶ȡ
ʱľۣպôڶڵ磬ǰǰһƬأֻŸո⵽ڻ׷ɱձ⽵ɱ
˵ʱйؾ۵ļ䣬ʱһֲ²⡣
ƬأӦڵƬǺӵڣƬЩʬǣ飡
֣̲סЩ𾪡
ȻһƵƿնȻڵĵط
һ⣬Уݻɱѹ˾۵һģһȴٵûɵ֮ϡ
ѵҪһɱ
ţʱ
Ŀ飬ôԲԴУȻڻþУӵеֻǿ
ȻϤڵٶȵ
۵ƺǸոƬϣûгƿ֮ȴǶһ˽⡣
ǿ
ڳԽ˵Ľ˵
ֻǴ߶ǽ˳ȥһɫˮ֮оȻ̺޷ʱͿռ֮໥һ
һк·֮Ŀռȫ˺ѳ룬Ȼʱ䶼ڻб˺ѣһΧʱѷУΧĿռԼһжС
֮ǵ⣬ͬʱѷգûнٵ֮ϡ
ֻĻĿδҲ̫ڼˡ
û˿⣬ǼϸĹ۲Χһһκ춯ᱻ֣ӲĹ۲졣
Ȼֵסеһ⽵֮󣬴ϿնʱиȻ䣬ϮкüⶼƹǾ޴ʱѷУ̼Ҫ֮ϡ
ܣ
ûκԥֱӳһ򼲳ǰС
ֻǣٶȷɿ죬ȴҲ첻ǽʮٵ⣬ܿҪЩ׷ϵӡ
ʱʮڳͬһ׷Ե໥֮ȽϿʱһɫˮ֮ʱѷжʱʮȫڣɵ
ʮһαԼƵȻڶϤֻҪٶȣԼܹʱѷеİɫˮ֮ϣܹϿղµܳһʱġ
Ͽղиɫ£ÿһⶼЯ֮ϣ֮ȴһаϢ˸źܲ
ʲô
Ҫľһ⽵ٵĹƵд
أĿ飬ôӦûİɡ
һȴٶȺͰɫˮ֮ϽЩݻ٣ȻԽ۷ʱڵľۣû˿˷ܡ
̤ľ磬۹ҲԽԽߣԭ۵ĲΣѾе۷Ρ
飬Щܹɱ⣬ʶˣҿ֪һе࣡
һͷ顣
Щ⣬ӦͬҲ飬ô˵֮䣬ҲżҵĶ
֮ϣʬô£
飬սĻҲӦʬҰɡ
ңǷ񻹴ϣ
ţںη
ȻѾ˵ĻôǱЩ⽵ɱİɣͬҲƬʬǵһ֡
ٵ⡭ûа취ܲѣ
㿪˺ü֮󣬴֮һֲĳ̶ȣﵽ˽ٵ


1665 ֮
ٵ⣬ƿƣ䵽Ĵ֮ϣȻ
ɫ⣬̺ŸֲͬٵôȻᱻ״ݻ١
ٵ⣬Ǵ˷Ϯû취ٶȽǾ£һ𣬻˵û㹻ٶȣƬصУռʱȫҲû취á
ô죿
Լ뵽˾֮ϽٵĽٵ⣬ȫҪɱݵ̬ơ
ˣ£
ͻȻ뵽һ취Ǿǳŵ֮ȥܡ
ǽٵ⣬ȫǴ֮Ͻ£˷Χ۴ĸܶӵõΨһп֮ܵ·ڽ¡
·ƬʬǵĹأҲ֪ܲƿء
ôһ԰ɡ
һŵϷųһɫˮֲ֮ʱֱӰƬسУһʱеŰ£Ƭϱһֲӡ
ԭӵеʬǣȫʱоУЩʬǼʱеУȻܹȻӲѰܹݻ١
ͬģƬŵʬǣ¶ʬǣ
ڲǿʱڵϴʱ֮󣬱ٿͶУֱӴʱӰ쵽򣬶ص˵֮¡
ʱǽٵֲֻܳŵת򣬵ҪĻƱػײʱУ
ڵ˵ص֮󣬻ٴγϷʱͷһɫˮ֮ʱѸſӰ췶Χ
ǽٵҪͻʱУϻǲܵˡ
ֻűʱеУȻ󱻾̼ɢбʱⲻ룬ȴûκһܹͻƵģȫʱס
ڴ֮£̧ͷʱвŵĽٵ⣬ģ
һѵĿͨ
ڳ˲仯ԭƬءʱСٵ⣬̼ʧˣȡ֮һƬããˮ֮
ʶĵͷԼѾ࣬Ҳ˵ӦѾصˡ
һУӦöǻ󣬵룬δĴֻǲ֪ĴûдǲϺµӹһ٣
ڵûа취ȥ̽Ĵ𰸣ֻܰѾȷŵǰ
֮󣬱ʥۻͨһϢʥۻûܹʺԼطѾһЩüĿӦٹһʱܹˡ
ԼǾǰΪܹоʹԼǰڡ
ھոĿ֮ʹøǿˣܹ֧ǰԶľ롣
оʹ͸ʴ¹еķĸӵһʹоܹ̤뵽ĵطһʹɢô߾޷ǰˡ
ովĿ飬ʴ¹ɱ˱ߣõ˸һͼǿʹ֮ӶܹǰԶ룬Ӷлõô
ǰ
˵ǸõطžѾõӵбҵзЧĹ֮ƣðӰ֮۳Ϊ֪ͨȥܹõʲôĺô
ѻ˵ÿһһ鱦أ̲ܣ½˵̤ܹʺԼط˵ҲܹеõȽϴ
ڵͲСȻܶȷûʲô仯ۺʵȴǱ֮ǰ˲١
ŰӰ֮۲ΧããˮȴԽԽŨ𽥵ΧʮɵѾˣǰһ֮󣬾ָо֮ǰڹӰɫˮ𽥳֡
ǣҵİӰ֮ɱΪͨϢ
ţʱ͸ˡ
ǷζţһͨɱΪͨ
ʼЩڹ㵱еֱЩڹ㣬Լ֮Уܿͷ֣ЩڹȻСеһ֮ͨ۹ȥ
֮ͨǰӰ֮ͨ
֮ǰ룬Ӱ֮ﵽͨĲΣǷΪ޵ʱͲᱻεǿ߷ˣû뵽ھӭĻᡣ
֮УҰܴھͿӰ֮õ֮󣬻ӵʲôЧˡ
һЩڹһ߹۲ŰӰ֮֮ͨвϷŵı仯ܿ췢֣ⰵӰ֮֮ͨоȻӿֳһЩޱȵĿռ֮
ռ֮
һʱûж룬רڹ֮
֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ҲʥԼطͬʱЩڹȻ󽫰Ӱ֮ͨɹ񻯣õɱ䣡
Ӱ֮顭֮Ȼһռ
һ֮İӰ֮ͨͱø˷
ԭİӰ֮飬ޣֻҪﵽ񾳽飬޷Ĵڣľ֮󣬱ܹģɸֲ̬֮ͬԵġ
ЧõĲ࣬Ƕһ
İӰ֮ͨȻܹΪռ
ʲôĻǺоǸ˲õĽԭӰ֮ȻܹģΪԵΨпռʱ޷ģġ
ȻڣӰ֮ȴѾģռ֮
˵ҽپ¿ռѷͿռΪԼԻΪеһ֣
뵽ģĳЩСкгֵЩռѷ죬ԭǸܿģһЩǿ޷ӿռѷ쵱ѳ
ڵͨðӰ֮Чռ֮ӦþܹЩռѷˡ
û֪ռѷ֮ЩʲôеǷǾԵţ˵ЩʲôĳЩʱøǿ
Ĳ˵ֻҪһռѷȻ㵽Уǿ񾳽嶼ûκΰ취
ԳΪ;һɱﵡ
ţ񻯵İӰ֮ͨ൱⣬ЧûгԹʱЩ·á
һֻʣͨûˣֱǾֺ;֮
˰Ӱ֮󣬱ܹõ޷ѵЧһЩض±ü£ܹɱһϵ顣
֮˿ռ侫֮󣬾ܹ߽һпռϺˮϵ̫֮κЧҲǼ죬ܶˡ
ͨͰӰ֮һǿ֪ͨ񻯵ĻܹõʲôЧ


1666 ̫֮
ûж룬ֻѭдʹ֮ǰһε֮̽·Ȼûн
ǰʹ֮ʼնе侲
ȻУѾõ˲٣侲ڵıϣڹ˷ܶǱڵΣգô׾뱯統С
Ž£ǰ
Ƚĵʥ򵽵طˡ
طӦҲкûֵ֮ģʱ֪еķּ˵ӵеľžǱȽϸ߼ĻôʥԼطҪ΢ͼһЩ
֮ʶĽ֪ʥطһֱܶȵʮűܹ߸ѭÿѭֳء
ʮأûĻǰط۷壬Ҳʮűܶȣʮֻܶһ֮ң
ȽʥطƷϸľžвģȴʺط
ΪʥľžĻһ־ؾ綼޷ɣΪطԸʵǲ̫ˣľž¶޷չ̫죬ĳ̶ȣͺܿܿס޷ˡ
ʥԼطĻȻ޺ľžôܹġ
ܹʲôεط͸Լ츳ڵĵصйˡ
УʥرԾҪ򵽱ȽǿطǱȽѵģطһɲģպٽ뵽ʺϵУʥۻԽ֮ǰطиı仯ɱΪƷʸõط
ط֮ʥ۾ͿʼֱΪʹ֮Ѿʧˣɼδߡ
²Ϊ츳ϸߣܵõǿʹ֮ȥΪطҪĵʹ֮ҪһЩ
ǰʥҲûд뿪Ϊ뿪Ļ̫Σˡ
Ҳд̫ãΪҪֹǰ뿪ĻȫֿͲ̫ðˡ
ԣʥ۹һ˵ĽȣԼطһ֮뿪ȥסˣҵʱҲѾ̽

ǣ
ܿһƬŨȻǰİɫŨУȻһһĴڣبŨŨ֮УԡĻС
δϵ£ˮϾȻһռ֮Ĺԣ˸о
֪ô£Ҫʱֹͣȹ۲һ˵ʹ֮ȴϲƮ˹ȥܿϣʼꡣ
⡭һӿռ֮ţ
ţŷžȻͬĿռ䡣
ŵ֮ⷽУŵǷͲ֪ںδˣƺһʱӦûʱֻ֮ͬľ
ҴΪˡĹ𣿡
һʱ򣬲뵽ؼϢϸܵڹϢ͸оӦɹġ
ôӦһй
ô˵ҵĽһйʹ֮ƺҲѾˣҲ˵ҲֻܵΪֹˣеõĶ
뵽ЩȻֱվţ۾ʼ̺ŵ
̫֮ţܹؿռ䣬Ǵŵһͷǰһͷʱͬǣ̫ܹ߲֮֮ͨһӰġ
ʩչ̫֮ŵͨţôڵŶĿռ֮󣬽õһʱԵļǿõĻǿֶεʩչٶȱƽһ
̫֮ͨţôĻвƣȻֹͨţͨˣҲΪĻͻ֮ЧֶʩչٶȱƽҪһ
̫̺֪֮֮Ч֮Щ˷ܡ
ܵЧֻ̫֮ųѧʱЧ򵽸߲εĻôЧɱԼʩչֶεļ٣һıȻ󵽰˱Դƣ
Ե˵ͻЧҲһ
ҪǸĺСҷǳ˲ƷʱͬǣҪʱĻҪĿصʱꡭ̫֮ȴҪ
ֻҪѡĳȻ趨룬ܹǷֱӼܹһԡĻе̫֮Ŀص㴦ʲôռѷ֮ľ֮أҲֱӴ̫֮ϣ̤һû⣬ʱ̫֮š
ֶΣ񼼣
ҾսҲõģܹһȽ϶̵̫֮ţȻ̫֮ͨǰһ򣬱Ҫ׷϶ֻͨţôͻõĻƵͻЧ
÷ھѾ뵽ˣɼйи÷սнԹơ
ǾȰɡ
ŹйϾһֵעǣ̫֮õҪˮϵ̫֮ĸֿռġ
ĿľžطʱȽϸ߲εʱ򣬶Կռĵϳ̶Ƚ᲻ϱ
ֻҪŹһҪԼʹãڸҲûģĻսжóͬܶսֲܴӰ졣
ʱš
ûһ̫֮ŵʥ۾Ѿطɹ˵һأܶʮһĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ͸ǣ׼һ뿪ˡ
Ѿ޷ͨʹ֮һֻ뿪˵ȥˣȳȥ֮ɢˡ
Уʱ·û壬Ҳ֪ǽ֮Ѿȥ˶೤ʱ䡣
ʥ뿪֮˿
Լ̫֮滨̫ʱˣµ˸֮ϣʥһ뿪Ӧþûˡ
ʥʶܹ֪ͨʥ۵һһ֪ĵ뷨
ܿ죬ʥ۾뿪ԼһƬŵǿյУƬǿյоȻǳĹâ·Χȫһ
ʥۻһܣȻСȡһö̫۶ɵ׵
Ҷ΢ÿһ˶׼˺üöĶͨö׵ܹӦڵλãȻиӦֻҪгܹҶ΢Ӧ
ܿ죬кüۼһӰʥڷ򲻶˲ƹ˺ܿ켴֮ˡ


1667 Ǻε
Ҷ΢ʥۡݺ¸裬ռ˾Ů֪ңŮһˡ
ڵ֮⣬ѾûããˮĻҲѾȫɢ
Ѿȥ˰ʱ䣬ڶѾʺԼطʥأ
ӭʵ
ҲطʮһܶȲųġ
ʥЦŻشȻʣûΧʲôɵ壿
ûС
ݺҡҡͷƬնǳǳѾüˣһûھʮ֮ĵطʲôʱгǵҲҵǡ
ʮΧڣҪҵǼߣǴ룬񾳽۷Ҳһܹġ
ΧʮﷶΧڣȫһƬգҲ˵ˮ塢޾塢塢Щ彮֮䣬ŷǳһƬûκסġ
ûסֻԭһǴΣգһ̫ţûκԴ⸽
طûȻΪߣƬռ䵱ȫһƬûκԴĴڣҪ˵֮Դˣû˿
ǾɣڵͷջҲ֮ܲʵǰһ¥
ʥ۶˽һڵ״
໥ܹ֮ͨ໥ϵѾŮ˵ˣݺԴҲûʲôȻϣԼ֮ϵϧʵΪתơ
㲻ûʱ򣬻ʥۿĵ֪ٵ
Űɡ
ŮҲûģ˵ڸոʺԼطڵȴʱ򣬸պÿٺúоһ
ԭҪûʲô򣬵ȴһˣֻҪץʱŬҲܹܶȼΪǿڣ
ΪڶоʮܶȲʲôˡ
ʵ֮УʮܶѾǿһˣԽʮܶȵĻԳΪеߡ
Ȼ죬Ů˼ҲѴ彮˳˸ӹǺ統УԽԽǿڴ̼ǰ
ʥû뵽ԼֻһطѾȥ˰ʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ҫʲôʱܹǹ̫֮ŵȻг

Ǻӵǿ﷦ζġ
еŮȴ·ûиоʱһƬȫ޵Ŀռ䵱Уһǰꡣ
ܹһʱѾȥˡ
ʱŮҲѾһЩɹ
ϣٶѾﵽʮܶȵĳ̶ȣ¸ǴﵽʮܶȣΪ츳ŮøߣΪ򵽵طƷһЩ
طĻÿ½ԲͬĶҲͬ
֮䣬ǲƺƵģӰ쵽ջģȫֻ߱һԸϣô򵽵طһЩ
֮ܶŮٶȶ̶࣬ʱܹﵽʮʮܶȣѾ൱ˡ
Ҫ֪˾֮ʱټЧʮ˵ٶܹﵽ̶ȣʵÿһܶѵʱ䣬Ůٶ١
ڵڴﵽʮ֮ܶҪһܶȣҪʱŮҪöˡ
Ҫˡ
ʱʥͨĹͨõڵ
Ȼֹȥ˰ʱ䣬Уֻоȥû೤ʱ䣬ʱڣڰ̫֮ŵˡ
̫֮šѧ
ѾԳһ̫֮ţҪˮϵ̫֮ĻֱеҪԼһͿԱΪľž⵽ġ
ڵ̫֮ͨţֱӳĳ˲ǰʮľ룬룬൱彮ľ룬˵ǿ֮ж
ҪȻҪڵλãǰĳȽңԶĵطʵ̫ˡ
ͨʱҲܴﵽЧΪ֪ĿصʱĻ޷ʱ̫֮ͨžͲһˣ
ԼжѾ˸ļƻ
ԭҪǺӣǺչġ
ڲһˣܵв֮ͣǺ޴Ϊ뿪֮ҪǰδǱȽԾ⡣
̫֮йȫƬǿнε
ϾڵʵԶԸʮܶȵĴڣôƬǿлϴطǿ԰Ȼͨˡ
ӵ̫֮ŵֶ֮ӽʽŵķΧ
һֱʥ۱ϵŹͨڵȻ֪Ůںδ
뿪ֱ֮ѡһȻ߶У̫֮š֣
һеֱӳǰֻһͷаβֱûյУ޷ۿ
ͷһ
ڵѾرڣ·ȫȥһƬԵü䰲һĻǽΧ䲻ܵĹˡ
вﵽ񾳽ͼǻƲãֱӽ
֮ƣۣ֮֮飬̫֮šУܹĸջһʱ㲻һһϢϣȻϺģҲ޷еõʲôõϢôڳǸ
ܽһеȻ;ȥǿеˣȫûĿĵ沨
ֽ׶ΣʵУ޷ֵطǿ࿹⣬ǱܿƬźãȽĵطǰ򣺿ɳ
ڿɳûĴڣڹȥĻǱߵ˽⼫٣ӷж
УͿԿʼѰУӶõһЩôʴ¹֮żҲǿǰġ
ʥӵⷽľ飬Щżʴ¹ģԹͬноģżȴʥ۾һֻܹɵ˽롣
ҵƵĵطܹóŵȸ뿪ǽгһ£ܷڵõһЩԵӶ̤뵽ľ硣
֮ǰȰһβ˦
߶ͨӰۣ֮ĳһֱڸеĴڣ΢΢


1668 Ӱ
뿪֮󣬾Ϳ񻯵İӰ֮ͨʮﷶΧڵһȻͷһŵļһһͷǿߡ
һﲢǱ壬ֻһڷӰһĴڡ
Ӱһֺܲõĸоڵλãƺ֮ǰǺͨʱĳڴ
²⣬Ӱ֮ǰǺѹ֮Ԫף֮һƺ޷ģԲûи
֣Ϊʲô֮ʲôûˣ˰ԷֻһӰѡ
ĻԷ޷޷֪˵ֻȺ
ӰӦû취̽⵽̫ңԶĵطһֱûз˵Ĵڡ
г֮ӰȴǿʼжΪе˶֮ϢһԵ
ԶԷо֮󣬾֪ȫгˣڿʼжպúʣ
ͨӰ֮۹۲쵽ӰڴһЩâֳȻΧɢȥȻЩâȫֶ̽Ρ
Щâڷɢһξ֮󣬾ȫɢˣ֪ЩȴȻڵģԼٶȳΧӿ
ܿ죬ܹӵڵĵط
ɲԭصŶԷˡ
ˣ
ž̤̫֮ţȻϷԽֱ̫֮ܿͨųǰ˲䴫ͳʮľ룡
Ȼֻ̧Ӷֱ̫֮ɢ
˲䣬ѾʥۺŮǰ̫֮Ӱֱʧ
þò
¶һЦݡ
ȷԼ̫֮ţѾӰȫѵˣΪ̫֮ʱһŵ㣬ǾʱԼ裬Ҳʱɢ
ʱҪʱܹԶɢɼܹʱ̫֮ģ³֮⣬ûܹʱǰɢ
̫֮žûˡ
ֱˣ̫֮֮žɢȫץסѱ
̫֮ŵԣɢ֮һ˿һĺۼһпռڵļ󣬶ᱻ̫֮ϵĻĨ
һԷҪ׷鵽ˣǶԷӵпԿ̽ʱεߵʵ̫ټˣ嵱дһѾɵ
ɵͷĻпܱͷ죬չڻȴȫڶֳԵˡ
ߡ
⸽ϾҲ֪ӰӵʲôͣһԷֶ̽κܿ̽鵽Ǿ鷳ˡ
ʲô򣿡
ʡ
߰ɣ
˵꣬ȻֱӼܹһ̫֮ţȻӳ˾Ůȫ뵽ȥ
̫֮ţֻһܹͨĻᱻĻӶͻȻûҪŮֱӹȥģԼСйȥûˡ
ŮԶЩȣȻҪȥ
򣬿ȫԶĵطһ˾ҪȥҲɣ֮Ҫǰ򽻽紦ʴ¹򣬶ҪͨԶʱմͷС
ʥ֮⣬Ů̫֮ŵ
ʥ۲ûж˵ֻ΢ЦŽС磬ܿǾͶ֪̫֮ŵ֮
ԹԵ°ɣʲô̸ҡ
ԭһħȻ̫֮ţܿξʹԭɢ̫֮ŵʧ˾ʮ֮ĵط
Ҳ˵˲ʹԽĽ

ԭصħǰҪαװģġ
뿪ʮôңԶľħȴȫʧȥĿƣȻܰŴݸ֪ȴѾûʲôжҿܹڵʱ䲻һʱ
״̬µħӰԲΪı塭
ûйϵħһĿģҪԷǷӵֿʱ鿴Լ̫֮ͨ뿪ľ
ܿ죬ħܵյеһϵ֮ǰ֪ӦӰͷų㣬ЩȻȴѾӵߵķ
Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҫ뿪ʮʱ䣬Էܹ鿴ߵˣҪ֪Ӱڵؿʮľ룬Щ㣬ٶҲ̫˰ɣ
ڣħĸ֪УЩھ˳;֮ƺһЩûиճǻ־ˡ
ֶ̽Ȼ٣Ǵű׶ˡ
ͨӰۣܹ֮۲쵽һǧ֮ڵȴ
Էֶ̽Σ̽ⷶΧӦûôԶȴܹ൱ʶ֪Ĺܣ̽⵽޷ǻף˵һӺá
ţħһмɶߵģûɳԶӰӸкȻ֣һռ֮ӰֱͷųһâħסȻͼߡ
ҪֱӴҵķӦǲ֪̫֮ŵ顭Ƕ۲һ
ţδ⣬̫֮Ϲ۲ͷӰ
̫֮ŵĺϣֻҪ̧ţ뿪̫֮ţ֮ǰʮ֮ĵطʱûжΪ˱
ùâħס֮ӰͬԤϵһ㣬ֱӴ߶һʱȻ̤ʱС
¿Կ϶ûз̫֮ŵ飡ڻΪץסҵı塭
ţ¶һĨ΢Ц
ħȷ޷ǹâˣȴֻħı壬ȫԱ
Էʱ벿ֵʱֱӴ߶ħ˲Ա
ħԱ֮󣬾͸ʧȥϵ
ԷʶֻķҪ֮ͨλãҲȫ޷ģΪħ֮Ѿûκϵ
㶨ˡ
˿
ȷԷ׷Լôȥж͸ӵӦˣȻʽǰ֮ǰиҪòУǾǹ彮
ڱѰ£޷֤岻彮֡
ǰĽ򣬸һĻԷȫǣסˣĻԲȥ彮ƻ


1669 
ޱܹʮɫ壬һƬǺӵдŸԵͷչʷ
ݺǧ彮彮ȫԵ򣬸ԽֻݺҵķΧΧԵü䲻ۡ
ǽ塢ͻеǿ壬佮ռ˷Բһٸҵأ֮Դ֮ḻҪǿʢʮֹ
رԴ棬ǿռݵĽĽ֮Уʹźܶʾ֮Դبż֮Դһķչ˵ҪԲԶ
ҪڵλãǰڵĽٸľ롣
ǰͨξ룬ǰ彮֮У㲻·п裬ξ룬͹˲ϰˡ
ӵ̫֮ŵֶΣйʩչ£ܹһԴͳʮľ룬Ҳ˵ֻҪʩչʮε̫֮ţͿԵĽˡ
ÿζܹ׼ȷļܹԽʮ̫֮ţΪʱǸʮ֮⣬ǿռѷ죬һЩ帹أЩЩΣյĵطǲóȻǰġ
̤̫֮ţֶΣ֮صĻͻѡ̫֮ţԼҪôԶӶܿΣա
̫֮֮߳ǰǲᱻκ˷ֵģΪǴʱյļ϶ϲ㵱УʱֵλãΨһϧֱֻ̫ܹ֮ߣĳЩ»е鷳ǵġ
ȻֱߵҲǺܴ
С£˺̤ܿһһ̫֮ţѸٿĽ򸽽ȥĴҪαװΪ壬Ȼ̽йϢ
ļƻѡһ룬ȻȻ뿪ôͻΪһֱǸУͻķϣȥ彮鷳ˡ
һ棬עȫֻһһ棬彮ʵ̫ңԶˣ̫ۣ˵ʵûʲôעıҪ
λҵСаҵʱ򣬻øλģһһᣬ˵ǵطõҳ֮⻹ջҲ˵
Ů˵ȻӰ֮飬αװһͷɫǱصһϣûκ˵ע⡣
İӰ֮ѾͨαװӵӦ֡
˵ǰαװѾѰ޷ĻαװΪ壬ʮܶȵ񶼲ܿ
ƶһʱڱȽϳļƻƻǳܡ
Ϊ˲¶ԼӵԶ봫͵ֶΣ֮ʱպ彮һҪ˲½ע
µʱ䣬彮彮Ļһ·ʱմͷҲǿԵģͱ̫֮ŵֶα¶⡣
ʱ֮ڣԷӦò彮֣ϾҪǲǰ彮򣬰ٶȣҲþʱܹ
ʱ򣬾ֵʱ


彮һ֮ھ׼Ŀˡ
ʱڣαװˣȻһܿͽһͷ½ϢɱȻαװͷ
ͨӰ֮飬αװΪڣͷ½ͨģˣʩչͨαװ̽һʱ֮幹֮Ϣ˽ĸ͸ҪԸ϶ҲӵĵӦ֡
彮֮ڵһÿֻа˸ܹ̤У˵˽е϶ֻܹ̤С
֮ǰʴ¹е½֮ǰѾطһֻǸ½һЩȽƵõ
αװͷǡþͻУ
˿̬ڳԤϵķչȥɲ彮֮ڣȻûʲôˣΧһ֮⣬ȴ岼µһռϣԼŵأɼرǺܵġ
ͷʮ౶ܶȵͷʮ౶ܶȵ񣬻һͷ½񡭡ݣҪ䳹׸ɵӦòѣѾҪٽҪڽ֮Ϣ뿪
˼һܿ˾ƻһܹɹһɹӴ֮ɣ彫ʲôԼá
ʱ俪
αװ½ڣܹͷڵյеȴǴ£һ㶼ǰ¹׵㣬żЩʱʱǰΪ˷ֹ嶼ǰ׼ġ
αװ½ڵȴвϸнĳʶֻǴˮ塣
УɫİЩĳЩֶζ˳ȻСеȴŵŮǸ׼
ҪѸɱЩ񣬹⿿һȻǲģҪŮϣСʱĻŮܶȶһңʵøǿ
ؼʵԸͷʮ౶ܶȵ񣬽᲻⣬ŮֻҪסͷǲҲܽˡ
Ȼһһȫɵ
ΨһϧǣʱܹľžҲܹԼԭֻҪθ㶨֮󣬽ȥʱ䶼ɰˡ
µʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
Ѿļͷϸòˣһڰжþƿطǿʶ֪ЩûиһЩ̽ˡ
Ȼһ죬ھˣ
ûκ׼͵Ϯͷ񣬻ܱɵһ
ҪĿ꣬Ȼͷɫʮܶȵ񣬵ͷ׼̤ܹʲôջʱȻ֣
֮򣡡
ɱ
׹
ֶͬʱʩչͬʱ֮ƺ͹֮ƵЧͬһʱ䴥ϲǣҪħȥ֮ƵЧˡ
㶯ʲôֶΣܹù֮ƵɢȥӰ쵽езȻ֮ƵЧŹ֮һٵ˵зϣԷʮܶȡ
ڹ֮ɢЧ£ͷûʲôֿעͷʮܶȵĽɫ񣬱ɱ׹ֱɱκηֶζûʩչ


1670 ѿ
Ҳû뵽ж˳ɼʵѾԶԶԽ֮ǰ
˵ȻǼ£ѵһͷɵȥļͷûʲôڹ֮ƵӰ£Щûս׼񣬸һûУ⵽Ĺơ
ζ벻ԼͬʱҪһ½񣬾Ȼαװɣ
ڷѾˡ
һʱ䣬Ůһ֣ͷȫɵ
ȡʱ䣬ΪܹճһελͲҪˣС׼ɣҽ֮Ҳ̫ͣʱ䣬Ҫ뿪ҪȻõϢϹҪ뿪ûôˡ
Ů˵ֱ꣬ӳ˹ȥ
·ҪӹһЩ͸ϢԶеĸŨú̽һĻôӦò٣ŮпܵõһЩô罫֮ͨġ
ڵȷûʱˡ
ֻҪ㶨֮֮и̤ģԣǱȽԵŮıҲرϣҪطõĿԲ
ŮİȻûʲô顣
㳯̤˽ȥβûйɨйԼϢΪľúܹ֪طɱЩ̤뵽С
ļƻжʱǳ
ɱЩ֮󲻾ãʽһ籩гӿɢϮռ˸ռ䡣
һ籩
Щ籩ֹ߿ֻһʽֶΣʱΧһƬƬĻһڷ籩Ȼܹ裬ֻ޷ü̫ԶĶˡ
ĻһЩ籩赲ߣӰ첻󣬷̤ܿ뵽С
֮ܵԼϹȻ˸֮ǰһʹ֮вǰΧһ籩ӿŰܿʹӿֳһЩڹ
Щڹ㡭ҵͨ񻯵𣿲ڣҿûʱЩе
ţûԭͣǳԼϵʹ֮
ԭûгԹҲ֪ܲУڵԵʱ򣬾ͷϵʹ֮Ȼɢʱɢȥܼǰȴܿʧȥʹֻܴ֮гȥ
ȻУʱűü޷Կ϶Լȫֻһʱ䡣
뿪ʱΧȻŰŵķ籩õ֤
ȻͶһ籩߶̫֮ţֱ̤棬Ȼ⸽һƬռ䳹ʧˡ
彮Ƕ̫֮ţҲýʮδͲܹȫ뿪ֻҪ뿪ˣڵĴ󲿷ֺۼᱻΧķ籩ɢ
ڴһۼֻԷƲѣƾһϢݳڵλá
ҾҪƲݣҲҪһ֮ڵҪȻĻڵȫۼᱻ籩ɢ˿
ľֻôˣ̽Σʵ̫ˣǵҾͿԲôˡ
ţϴ߶̫֮ţȻ̤棬дǰܿ뿪Ľ򣬾൱ǽѿǵֶˣ벻֮뿪»ΪһֱС
һҪǲģֻǲһأһͲܻ뵽ȥ彮鷳ˡ
Σ˵һӰ춼ûС
ΨһЩĵǣɱͷþ֮ɹ֮ͨȻȻûͻƿơ
֮ͨʬõѾܾûгˣڿƺûʲôӰ죬Ҫʱټıһġ
ĻĶʱʱ䣬ǺӵʱѾƾ˽ʵӲǺӵĹơ
Ҫھܹ֮Ļ˵Ǽõģϧǣڲ֪Ҫþ֮˵֪ܷ֮
óӦûЩ¶Ѿ뿪ĽҾͲСαװˡ֮ʱټ
һƬյУٻ˾֮ʼոԼȻ󽫸ռ䶼ڣһʮʱټ
һڲϴ߶̫֮Ÿ·ʱҲ൱ֻʮ֮һʱ䣬ٶǰĿĵأͬʱڲϴ͵ʱ򣬻ܹ΢һľž
֮ⲻϴ߶̫֮ţ;л˽塢еأԷδĴڣÿγֶѡļƫƧĽ䣬ûκڡ
УȻҲкܶɹ룬վȫ
Ŀǰ򣬻߿ɳȶԼһڼҲŮʵõȵԼܹʱٹ
˵ֻҪﵽʮܶȣӦþܹ޾ˡ
϶Ҫܳʱ䣬˵ʱ佫Ѱ˵ʮ֮һƣڣʱڲ̽ܹҵͻƿİ취Ѿ֮Ч
Ϳɳ֮䣬һƬƬУǳ׵һƬţǲʲôƬġ
ʱմͷ󣬶ûмƬУҪһǰһӵֶ̫֮ΣҪϰʱ䣬ЩʮܶȵҲһ
ԣԽǺټΪ
żҲĳЩԶ봫ֶεǿߣƬдУĴǼҲעںᴩƬʱĿΪ㡣
ʴ¹ƬУôƬУ᲻ż
˲²ţû̫õֶ̽ƬȻ񻯵İӰܹ֮һǧһǧ˵ʵǹСˡ
ҪѱҲҪʱп
Ҫ۹̶ȵĻƬ֮޿ռ䣬Ҫʮȫȫޣʴ¹ĵطҪҳҲǼѵġ
򣬲֪жԶֻҪǸ򲻶ϴͣܵġ
ڲμʴ¹ʱѾŪ򡢿ɳķ̫֮ž㹻ԽңԶľ룬ǰˡ


1671 ߴط
еݺǧľ룬̫֮ţҲ̾ͨġ
̫֮ÿһοԽĿռ䣬Ҳʮѡ
ڿԽڼһʱ򣬾뿪彮Ѿȥµʱ䣬ʱڣѾ൱һʱ䣬ľžһ˵ڶֵĵڶء
ʮһܶȡȻ֮ǰ󣬵ô˽һʱ䣬Ľʱ䣡
ǰһƬǰӦþȫͬһǧ¶ûһ
֪ĴڣҲΪʴ¹ԵʣȻĻ֪Ҳ֪һƬǿյУһġ
ڿʼƬͽΪֵ̨
һȻʱܶȻֻжʮһĽٶȴǼֲֻҪݵʱ䣬ºܿнһƬơ
ˡ
ٴμܹһ̫֮ţȻ̤ϣĻ䣬Яռ֮޿ռ䳯ǰ֮ڴ˹ȥ
֪ȼ壬һ壿
СУ²ǰп黹㲻ȥľҲǷǳڴΪǳǧ״УеӴ
ǰֻʴ¹вܼ飬е壬û̫˽⡣
ڣȴԽ壬ֱ뵽ԷĽ֮ڡ
ڱԵ壬Ӧòʲô̫ǿ壬ǽֱ֮Ӷ彮ͳΣֻҪ֮ǿļܾͿˡ
˼ţȻһ̤̫֮ţ
ţӰͳһǺӵУǺӣ̫֮ŵʱ͹۲һ£ֲûʲôΣգԹϳˡ
λɣ̽һƬеһռ졣
ŮС˳ȻֱӴ߶񻯵İӰֳ֮ͨһ͵ͫӰȻΧһǧ֮ڵ۲˿ȥ
ȻЦˣΪռһƬǺӽ壬Ȼʴ¹ʱ˿塣
һͷԼķˡ
Ϊʴ¹˿塢Ʊ壬Կɳģ壬Ҳ˵ģȻǿɳ򣬶
Ȼ˵ûʲô𣬷ֻҪͿˡ
ڵ˿ƺһս
ʴ¹мģɼʴ¹гɼģ˿ģһͷ½ɱ½˪һģԴƷ
˿壬ӡ̵ͦģ벻ڿɳУ˿徹ȻֻڱԵλõһ塣
Ȼ˿ҲǺҰĵģͨӰ֮ǣ˿֮ڶսԴһЩƽϣڲ֯ţǰ͡
˿ںʲôսͲ֪ˣϾİӰ֮ۻ޷̫Զľ룬һǧֻܶ࣬ʮ֮һ򣬲˿彮Χ
ǣӦǸԻ࣬ڶ彮򷢶սҳɹӦòȻҲܵ˿彮Щ˿ߵ˷֮顣
ʱˡ
Ȼˣ˿ǿӦöǰ߲ŶԣǹȥɣһٰƷȻйϢ
Ů˵꣬Ȼ׼ܹ̫֮
֪˿彮ݺ򣬵Ҫǰ˿彮սһ̫֮ž;㹻ˣֻ֪ˣȻѡ˷ټ̫֮ҲֱӵԷսˡ
ŮҲӵʮʮıܶȣѾ㲻½֮ƣһЩʮ౶ܶȵ񣬶㹻ʵȥԿġ
Ѿ˿ɳ򣬲õвŮСгˡ
ҪڿɳչȾ͵иݵزУ˿彮Ϊɣȥ˿ЩǿҵҵƲ⣬˿֮ǿӦþʮܶҡ
Ů˵Ͼɳʵ˶ٵģ˿ǿ߳ʮܶȵĻͳſɳڲˣܻͣΧıԵ򡣡
˿ڳſɳڲսʵӦҲһʴ¹ı仯ϾõԴƷ˿ǿʹãǿ˿ܴһֵʵ
СΪϣǶ˿˽̫ˣ˵ʲôֶΣԴֵѣ߰ǵϢɳ֪ǾͲ̫ˡ
ݺ˵
˿廹ɱ˪ҪȻĻ廹һ½񣬿ϧˡ
Щϧ
ɣҿܲܰ˿ֱҳ
Ů˵꣬ٴνС磬Ͼֻ̫֮һܹͨȵ˵طŮͺˣոֻǳ۲һ£ɳеĴ
ԭشʱ֮Ů

˿彮ıԵһ˿ڳһ巢ǿ͹ƣӵǺüͷʮ౶ܶȵ˿
˿壬̬һ˿ߣһͷԵĴڣһͷģǸһûй̶Ե壬Ҳ˵˿ĸ壬пĵеκһ֡
˿Ըȱ֮ĵһҪ˲١
˵ֻҪԷûʲôֶΣû̫ǿܶȣôһжв
ͷ˿սָ˿ƽս˿Ѿռ˶ԷʮǺӣʮǺӲȹ̣ȻԷķˡ
Զ˿˵Ȼսرס
ͷ˿񣬶ӵŶʮ౶ܶȣһͷʮһͷʮ屶飬˿һսݵķŹֵĽУŵǰս֣Ҹսϵ˿񱣳ϵ
ʱͻȻڵĹŹַĽﵱУȻ˰ĻŵȻ֮ϣһ˿δ顣
飬
ͷ˿Ȼûȥμӹʴ¹򣬾μӹʴ¹Ҳû壬Ͼʴ¹ܹôμӣ໥֮ϵĿԱͲ󣬸˵˫ǱȽ壬ܿʴ¹տʼʱ򶼱ȥˣͲ˵ʴ¹ĸˡ
Ĳڶͷ˿ľġ
ʣ״ŹֵļһܹͻȻǵָӱݣ϶ӵкǿʵҲӵżֶΣ
ûκԥͷ˿ͬʱ˹ƣıĺͼȱĺȻ̼䳯


1672 Ϣ
ĺģûмǰͷ˿ԶԶǰġ
بżģ
ͨ
̫֮߳ţԷĿ񱩹ƣԷһ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûĹѾٵͷϡ
δţڴ̫֮ʱѾȷطͷ˿ѣܶȶǺܸߣ˵ǿɽĶ֡
ͬ
һ̧֣ʴ¹еõط㱻ʩչΧ߶γһΧڣԷıĺĶܵ˼չϵʱƻֻԭĲٷ֮
ܵʲô˺Ȼϱ֮кĸѳһЩ˿ڣҲħ֮ĵЧѸϡ
޽֮գ
بżģĺȻžֻ֣֮ͷ˿Ľס
֮ڴΧ￪ȥ֮ܿƵЧһ𣬼ӳͷ˿ϣǵܶʮ
ͬʱ뵽һþУһʱ֮޷԰ΣֵĹƶˡ
׹ɱ
ȡ˸߼ԴƷȻȼźɫͷ˿סֲڻ濪ʼնԷȫܿͽ侫մ
ɡ
һо֮һ۳֣ͷ˿ɵˡ
λɣȰﵱǵĸݵء
ɵͷ˿֮󣬱Ůһͬ˿״ŹֵսݵС
һɸɫ˿ɵսݣ˿˿֮伸ûκεĿ϶൱ĽգɫǽϽԵɫģ˵ʵ̸ʲôԡ
˿սݣֻͷָӣֱӳ˿ڵıݺλã϶ǵԤϡ
Ц˿層ݵУٻʮͷ˿壬ֲڱݵطͷ˿ؾϵĴڣ˿壬¶ڱϱ򹤵ġ
ţЩ˿СආȲȥᣬҵǿαװһͷ˿񣬺˿н棬ĻܱȽϰȫ̽һЩ鱨Ҳᱻ˿Ĳˡ
˵ͷ
ǲ˿壬Ҫ˿ɳеһЩǿϵĻôһϢЩǿ֮Уôٵ⡣
ڣٸһЩǿ׷ɱĻǧɳû˿ˡ
ǰһαװ֮̽ϢΪ׵İ취
Ͱ˵ȥˣҪϵģܷԸ
ͷ
֮УΪ׵һʵǿۺҲǿһЩսежҲŮҪȷһЩʺϲġ
˳⣬ô˵иͷģҪȻĻһЩԽ⡣
ΪͷĻʲôȽϼѵӶվ
оһ²ٿսݵķαװ˿񣬳һ⸽Ρ
˵ֱ꣬Ӵ߶Ӱ֮飬αװһͷ˿ģǸղͷܹĵ˿ӵжʮܶȡ
αװ˿֮ˣҲȫֱ治ʵݣ֪αװɵģѾˡ
ǰӰ֮ǿЧ

˿ĽԵսϣһսѾ߿ƣ˿嵱ȴû֪һ㡣
ܿǾͲΪÿһս֮ǱϵģͻȻ֮䣬սȴֱϵˣ
αװ˿ʱ򣬶ս˽⣬óȻϵĻ»¶
˶Բߡ
Ůսݵĺ򣬺ܿͨʶ֪Ūսݵеͨ·ߣҲʹܹٿսݡ
ܹһ̫֮ţֱͨ˿彻սǸĽ֮С
Ȼǲԭսе˿׾ţֱ̫֮ͨȥ뵽彮ȥһЩзʵ⵱ȻΪ
ûã̫֮ͨǰ彮˿壬Ѿȫû
ȻĺüͷһŸԵĴ׾ţ̫֮ͨռսݸǿյУһ۾սݣ
ʱֱαװ˿֮һȻͨսϵͨѶߣ˿źš
еѹ֮£˿ͻ޶ȵĺǰ˿ĲͬԷڲûᣡ
ʵϣ֮ǰʱҲͨƵİ취һͨ뵽еģαװ½񣬲һͣҪ̲ܶС
Щ̣һһٽжԽԽӽĿֱ꣬ɹ
ֶΣ
ӵаӰ֮αװɶԷ񣬵ǲúıĻ׾ͻᱻԷ𴩣Ҫ֪ЩɲʲôĳЩϸڷ棬׷ֱαװĺԭ֮Ĳͬ
ֲͨͬ龰öԷʶĺԼǰĲͬ£ܹöԷϰڵԼ
֮ܶзԽҲֻĵһıѡ
ȥиı뵽˿У˽壬ͬʱ˽ɳȥж
ǰһµʱ䣬ڴԼĿꡣ
ȫƿսݣҲһǰߵֱռһ˿жǺӣ
˿Ե壬һ塱壬֮ǰյĵжļͷձ˿ȫˡ
Ȼ˿ǹ۲쵽̫֮ŵĴڣΪֶΣ巢˸ҵĽĿԭռ̣˻ҪӶᵽ̫֮ŵֶΡ
ĳ֣˵˿
Щ˿ȫֶ֪̫֮ΣѾǵУû¶˿
ˣڿ԰ͷ˿ˣ˿⸽ϢһʱȫˣȥֱǰͿˣսݣĽаɡ
ŮۼһȻ׼뿪
֮ǰȸ˪𣿡
ԥһʡ
ҵõϢͷʴ¹еõԴƷ˿½񣬼ڰ̤֮һȥطǸպÿȥո֣˳Ϊ˪𡣡
ԼõϢ˵˳Ůǰһ
ô˵аʱ⸽һҪˣǵʵ˵ͻӭ


1673 
ҪϢ
˿彮򸽽ʱֻ˿һӵƿȨΧȵȣ֪Ĵڡ
ĿڣԼһٶʮ꣬Ϊˣġ
ΪĿڣҲʹĺ̶ȣ֪ӵкüԵǿģҲ˵һ͵
֮ǰǵһԵӦĳһλԶġ
ȴˣǺܿɺüԶһģŶԵʺϸ߽
Ů֮䣬ŲͬԣҪҵȽϺʵǺѵġ
еȽˣΪõϢУп϶ӵһԵԶĲ룬ŹĵĲ֡
ⲿʥۻ¸Ů˵ǷǳҪģҲܹ򵽸Ӻʵططõ
ڵõϢǣ֮ǰʴ¹Уɱ˪һԴƷ˿½Ҳ뵽εС
Ȼʴ¹Ѿܳʱ䣬ͷΪ˹˿½֮ǰδǰֻ׼Ϊеʺ
˿һ໥֮ĽеģҲԼԣ˿ԵУ˹˼ǡϣԻ͡ȵȣζͷ˿˿嵱ҲǸˣڶ˿ǰ
ºҪˣڿսԵʣ˿ֻǲǰ׼ֱʽ֮ǰʱ䣬Ż
˿֮սѾ˿巽б
Ŀ˿ļƻ֮Уʱ˿ѾΧһЩЭ飬ĳЩ̽͸Щһ֣Ȼʱڣ˿ס塣
Ȼ飬ǲ֪ģǶܹõŵ̵ЩȻᷴԡ
˿嵱Уܹжʮ񾳽ǿߣֻǳʮܶȵĴڣڵ˵ûʲôֵעս
αװͷ˿񣬿˿嵱еˣȴɸɵ
Ҫ±¶ԼٵĻ˿彮߶ôãǸɳ򣬻ҪСһ㣬Ҫ̽һЩϢС
ڣѾѸôϢˡ
ȥŮһѸḶ́
һ֣ǿٵռݵ˿սݸȻսݴݻ٣˿Ϊ֮ᣬȻϡ
ʱѾŮǰ·ϣαװ˿ݣսݱݻٶʧˡ
͵ںսӢİɡ
ʼգûб¶κйϢڳȥʱȫΪϡĿռģϢ


һӵԵαװ˿Ļ̽йϢλþѾΪƫƧˣ˵˿䱣ܣǵõϢĻǾҲĴڵġ
ڣȴǻռģֱ
ԶԶȥ廥һγɣÿһ彨ӵŲͬɫŸԲͬԣаɫĹԣкɫİӰԣгɫĻԣбɫĺԣɫԣԼɫĿսԡ
˵ȻǺɫİӰŮ͸ͬˡ
˿½񰢿˹ǻѡɫ룬֮ǰ̽ϢҲֻͷ˿ţҶֻʮıڣ˵ʲôв
Ҫܱ¶Լ٣˭Ҳ֪ҪǶһֵĻܲܰϢ˲䴫ȥȥĻôʱڵαװǱǰˡ
֮ʮҲ˵˿о񶼻׼̤СЩ϶˿ҪڣǾǶ֮ٽһ򾡡
ѾĿ꾡ļƻʽ֮ǰ㶯֣һжֻһ˲䣬˿ʹº֣
һս֮˿ӦҪƬгˣ˵޹ؽҪֻԼʵǷõŮǷбǿĻᣬ˿Ƿǲġ
̵Уǲᱩ¶ԼݣԷκõѶϢġ

ʣһʱ
˿ʮѡеѾȫڵǿյУ׼̤һεðգһͷ˿½ϲһѪɫɱ˪İ˹ԼõĳԴƷ
ʮͷ˿֪ǣ֮ۼʱѾȻж
ʱ˿彮ڲ飬˿ܹʮͷںսͷұɵͷܹʣ¶ʮһͷ
ڵ˿彮ڲֻܹʣͷأԼͷı߽սȹ̾ƣ֮⣬ûʲôҪĶˡ
ʮͷ˿֮ۼʼԼж
һ̫֮ŴǰȻ֣Ȼ̫̤֮ȥ˲㵽̽鵽˿صڣȻѸײڶ֮ƣԷ֪
ԸЩ˿ֻҪ׹Ѿ㹻Ϲ֮ƺ֮ƣԷһ㷴ûС
ͷ˿彮֮ڵ˿ڶ̶һʱڱȫɵԾ֮ɵֳһöԷݶݲĴڡ
Ȼٴ۳̫֮ţ˿˫սϣʣͷ˿Ҳһˡ
ͷ˿ȫɵȻ򶨣ŻصοռУ׼ʮͷۼһ˿֡
ʱǾҪϢȥҲѾû˽Ϣ˿˿ߣûʸЩ潻ġ
˵ڵ൱ƿһУ
ͬʱԸʮͷ˿񣬶˵Ҳûʲô̫ѶȣصռʱϾҪˣʱֱӴ̫֮ϳ֣һ̤֮ʱټ˲ȫ
ʮͷ˿ʱͱס
һ⣬Ǿͷ½񣬰˹Ȼʱ߶ĳһͨʱټЧ˲㴫͵˼Զĵط


1674 ƿͻ
û뵽˹Ȼ֮ʱټȥ
ҲǺܿ췴Ӧ˹
ֹ
ûκԥҶ΢ֱӳŰ˹׷ȥȻ˹ʱټ򣬵ǻǱ֮ƸӰ쵽ˣԭֻʮܶȣֱӱѹ屶ܶȡ
һ˸ȥǰ˹֣Ȼֲ׹ڸǿвϱ
Ҷ΢һͨһ޴Ӱ֣б׹ⱬ·γһֻ֣ͷΪ˹˿½ץסˡ
ƿأ
Ҷ΢ֳͨʱ򣬱ץס˿½񰢿˹ʶ궼壬һþ޷԰Ρ
⻹ġ
ֻҪ˹ʱ֮ڣܴþѹôͻԶУȻᱻҶ΢ƿء
ΪˣͨŽƿءһܹƶ֣öֳΪԼµĿֲֶΣһͨиƣǾͬһʱ䣬Ҷ΢ֻܹƿһ֡
֮ҪƿԸ֣ôͱ԰˹ƿȨ൱ǣֻܹͬʱūһ֡
Ҷ΢˵Ҳǲֶˡ
˹ƿ֮󣬱ԹԵĴвˣҰǼԴƷ͵Ҷ΢С
˪ĳôɱҲ̫ˣǿ϶һЩΣǰͷ̽·ͿˣʲôΣյĻҲˡ
Ҷ΢˫֮У֮ɫҲû˿ͬ飬Ϊ̫ˡ
֮䣬ûʲôԽ
ֳǼѪɫԴƷȻһԹ۲ߵս
ûл̫׹Ȼھ֮ʱټйڻͰڳʮһͷ˿ȫɵˡ
˵мͷͨͽеԴƷֵʱ䣬վӲɱʴɱ³
˿񣬾׸ɵ˵ȴֻһС¶ѡ
û˿ºܿͻӿɳгʧոշսͲŹ˿Ƭ򣬶Χ壬Ҳܿ췢ֶߣǣƣת˿Ľ
Ů֮ǰһһͷĻǳʱ򣬿»ָᷢе˿Ѿȫʧˣȡ֮塣
һıԵ壬ûرǿ򣬺׾⵽³Ȼһ˵ǺټģϾԵԴ̫ˣЩǿߡ
ԴԽǿĵԽࡣ
ɢԵûж٣οټʮſһΣЩǿȾָ
ȥӦʱˡȻ֮ЩʬûʲôЧͰЩʬɺڰɣľľܾûжˣɺڰĻպڹؼʱ̻ܹܡ
ţȻ㽫ʮͷ˿ʬ嶼뵽ڲռУʼƳΪڰƹ̿϶൱Ӻͻʱ䣬ȥЩʱ䲻ײ
߰ɣǽλúŬȡ򵽸ǿط͸ֶΣطĻʹ֮ӦǵõȫͰɡ
˵֮˱㳯̤ȥ
ʥۡ¸Ůѡ˰ɫĹ̤˽ȥݺѡɫ̤룬֪Һһѡ˰Ӱ̤룬иҶ΢΢˼һ֮Ǹݺһ̤ɫ
ݺҶ΢ŮԷֱѪɫ
ݺ˵ȽʺȥģʵҲЩϵԾѡҶ΢ѡʲôһ˼һ֮󣬸опܵõֶΣӦûԼѡ̤С
˶ѡʺԼ
ӦþԶĴһǲ֪ԶںηΪҪⴴڶڵõ
һܣڻ޴̽
оֻҪԼྭеĿ飬Ӧû˽øԽԽʵ

֮һɫİӰ֮У֪˸̤У㻥ʧȥӰ޷֪ԷĴˡ
һ£Լʥ֮仹ǴʶϵϵϵسһЩ֮⣬޷ģ˿
ڽ֮ʶϵϵÿǲСܹ˽˫ٵһЩ˵ܰæʲôġ
ʥ۱ĹģڹУܿҵԼĸо
Ӧ򵽸εططƷʵõ
ʥ۵ﵽԺС
͡ҼǰҪܲͨͨгһͻƾ֮ƿ
Ҳȥ
֮󣬱ܵһʹ֮Լϣǰȥܿ˰ӰеĳС
ӰУһƬûκιߵĴڡ
Ƭ򣬾͸Ǻڰˣ·뵽һڶУûκĴڣ
ָоھ֮ϣѵڰͨҪһЩɱ𣿡
оԼСеľ֮֮ͨƬ֮󣬷·ĳΧȴ˸еɭȻɲǰӰĵϢƺĳ
ƺʱ
Щ˷ܣǾ֮ƿõͻƵĻʵ̫ˣΪǿֶ֮һӰ쵽ٶȣ
ܿ죬͸оԼľ֮ͨڷŻɱ䣬̼޷ܵõȴʶڲɱĹ̵С
ֻǣɱٶʵ̫ˣоеĻš
ڣھ֮򲻶ɱ俪ʼʱʥ֮ʶϵҲɢȥܿ͸оʥ۵ʶֲĸо
ʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬֮ƿͻƣɱҪ̫ʱĻǾͲ̫ˡ
ţһ֮󣬿ʼĿ
֮ɱ䣬ȻȻ⸽еⲢӰԼľž֣ܿѡ񽫰Ӱĵϳ̶ʮĻ֮ɱ䣬ƺÿٺܶࡣ
ȻˣǾɣ߸Եϳ̶ȣһӰ컹Ǻܴ󡭡
˾
УʱٶǺ㶨ģǼģܹʡʱ˵Ҫˡ


1675 ɱ
¶ģԼ밵Ӱĵϳ̶ʮʱֻоԼ·ȫ˵ǰİӰС
ױȵиУǰûģҲвһ˿οܵԼ֮ͨɱٶڲϼӿ죬֪Լû
ϾӰ֮ǲģû취ָʮϳ̶ȣһԶ䲻ˡ
밵ӰȻûʲôģһõĵطǣĵϳ̶⵽
˰Ӱϵʮ֮⣬Ļȫϵ˵ʮģȴһȫ䵽˾żڵʩչռġ߶սģ֮ǰ
ֱ仯һ˵ǱȽģУ̺ˮϵ̫ܹ֮ʩչմԽֶΣڿռķر
ټܹ߶̫֮ţҲӰ쵽ʵ½ԣܵ࣬Ӱϵʮ֮ȴ˷ɱ䡣
Ѱ˵ʮϳ̶ȣѾǵ˶壬ûʲô취ܹһҲͱȽϾޡ
ܹȽϸ߼طϳ̶ȴʮʮô߶øԵͻһʱ䣡
ڻʲôɱ䣬˶ˣҲ̫ԼսʩչЩӰĴ߶ֶΣԼͨʲôı仯
֮ܶľ֮ƿͻٶȱñ֮ǰһ࣬ܿü仯ҲǵǰǳҪһ仯
ȻͻٶѾӿ죬֪Ҫþ֮ƿͻƣҪܳʱģʱ˷ѣôҲܹԼһľžԽܶٴ
֮УϿԿ϶ԼǾ԰ȫģοڵĿռ伫ΣԹûȵõϢĻҲ޷Ѱ
˵ˡ
ܹռ˿彮Щ壬ȫֻжʮ౶ܶȵĴڣҪڸ֪泬ԽǲܵģٶʱڣûҪԼŮб巢֡

ʱ֮Уľž
磬ľžĵڶֿʼÿһҪѽһʱ䣬Уȴûʱĸ
밵Ӱĵϳ̶ľžٶҲˣڶ֣ͱһֵʱ΢һ㡭
ЩڣҪЩֱӰԵϳ̶ȣҪܶˣ
ҲûãУõ˾֮ƿͻƻᣬȻ˳Լ밵ӰԵϳ̶ȥҲһɺˡ
ľžһرһص
̵УǸܲʥ۵ڵƬڿռȫĸ֪޷緢κνʶһƬ޾ڰ
ľžĵڶ֡ϣ
˿ʱܶȣѾڲĹ̵У˶ʮ˱ĳ̶ȣľžĵڶֵ
֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ǰٶĻڶֵľžҪʮϵɣӦҪҵʱ䡣
һļӳɣҲѾȥһɣû˵ز
ţȻǰֱ֮ѡӰĵϳ̶ȣʮʮļ
ĵϣǴӾż˰˼ĳ̶ȣۺ϶ԣʵԻǿ˵ģΪõľڰӰԵķ롣
ôõģҪľǿռˣһ㣬д棬Ҳʲô̫Ӱ졣
밵Ӱĵϴﵽʮļ֮оԼ϶ӰһӰ͸һɭȻ֮ϢСеĸ֮ͨҲȫõڰӰ֮Եõɱ䡣
ڵðӰʩչһЩֶͨΣǼ侪˵ġ
ѰӰĵʮʮļܹʩչκΰӰĵǿһ밵Ӱĵϳ̶ҵʵܹﵽĳ̶ȡ
΢һԼڵȻ֣ԼȻֻжʮ˱ܶȣȴܹͷųʮܶȵһ
ľžطÿһֶǾأŷ֣Ǳƺõġ
ǿ˵ÿʮܶȲһɱ䣬ľžĻɱϣϰӰϵȫˡ
ʮűܶȵʱѡӰģô൱ӵжʮܶȵǿ
ʮ˱ѡ񽫰ӰʮļϣʩչֶεĻ൱ʮܶȵĴڣ
ܵľžǿ
ڶԵеʱ򣬶Էֻܹܶȣ֪밵ӰԵϳ̶ȣȻܹﵽʮļǸһЩʮ౶ܶȵ֣ҲδػԷˡ
Ȼˣҿʼ;ãľžЩ̫ԾڿȫǱźõˡ
Ȼ
̬һֱȥĻȵʮܶȵʱ򣬾ܹӳһٱܶȵʱԵϳ̶Ⱦͻή㼶
̵УٰԵϳ̶ĻͲ㡣
밵ӰԵϳ̶ȣﵽʮ֮ÿһ൱ӳһܶȵʵ⻹ֻǻЧӰԵϳ̶Чˡ
Ӱʮļʱ򣬾֮ɱٶȾԽԽˣܹоǲƿܿҪƿ
Уû̫ʱĸҲ֪ľžá
ܿ죬ľ֮ͨͻһֱڵƿӰе֮һεϣˡ
ڣֻҪɱ壬ͨЩʬ壬þ֮гɳ
ţ֪ڵԼ·ǻУǵõһɱ䡣
ڱȽϵĵŮ֪ǷеõԼҪõĶ
ڿռ伫Σһطԭ˿幹Χʹڱ巢֣Ů뿪ӦҲǲʲôΣյġ
ʹ֮վûˡ
ǰƬŨɢȥҲʧȥ˼ǰʱʥ֮ʶڻָ˹


1676 츲
ڵ֮ڲźʥۻָʶ֮Ľ
ԭʥŮѾ뿪û뿪ڵ򣬶Ƭǿյеȴûг֮ǰǲûκҪ뿪
Ҫ֪˵вĺġ
һУŮҲ˺ܶջ
ȵǣŮоȻҶ΢ջ࣬ΪУûкӦֱʹ֮ǰС
һʼʹ֮ǰսͨõ񻯣õһмԴƷܹջ񣬲ڼҲǾһĿ顣
ʥͨûȥѯʣѾ֪֮ǰҶ΢˵ĶоĿ飬еĿ鲢ͬ
ģƺߵҶ΢оĿ飬ȴһ򵥵ս飬ûΪֻһսӮ˾ܼǰսĿһͷ˿񣬶ʮܶȡ
֮ǰҶ΢˵ǺѵһսǻʤˣϾ˿ֻһս϶ĳЩ¶
ֻҪ¶˿Ҷ΢ץסĻлʤˣҶ΢ڽ֮ǰƿصͨѰ˹ͷ˿ƿУڶսʱųҲܹá
ĵģҪ֪ˡ
Ů֪ҵĲл꣬һֱռž۵ȴ޷ӳԭ۵ܶȻڻָУûͨս֮ǰٲһ
ȴ֪һᣬΪ֪Ҹһ̤˰ӰУȻȻڰӰУһԼ֮ͨ
ЩͬʱҲΪ֪ҸеϲһĻ֪ҵսܹҪǣ֪ҿδϣ
ҪȻĻռ˾۵ҲֻˣѸᲢۣϲ˵ʵį
ͲһˣУ֪ڵһȫµС磬ʱ֧֮ͨţԺӰԵУ˵иһ
͸֪Ҵϣ
ŮջطڸУǶ˸εطʥۻǰԼһͨˡ
طЧʱڣŮֵܶõ˱Ƚϴȵ
ܶȴӶʮ˶ʮ˱ŮܶȣҲʮıﵽ˶ʮǿȣ֪ҸǸܶѾﵽʮСе֮ͨս֮ǰֱ˵֮
ڳſɳǰ˸ġ
ҵĹУӦùȥһʱ䣬û뵽Ȼȥ롭
ʥ۵ʶеõϢʱЩȣʱڶ˵رҪѾûʲôطػģ彮Ǳߣʱǲܳʲôġ
徭ϴʴ¹֮ʵ࣬ռ˻彮򣬺;ˣûнв֮ǲʲô̫Σġ
ԣгʱȥԼ
ʮ˱ܶȣ֮Լ˼ѪĴڣпܸʮܶȵһսΣǲģϾʮܶȵʵԲ
ţܵԼϵʹ֮Ѿʧˣûд̫ãֱ뿪
һٶʮſһΣͬһͬһ޷ڶεģԺǾ͸˵ټˡ
֮󣬸Ů׼һٳ
ʵѾڿɳԵĻǿԺɨƬģڵ˵Ƭûʲôֵǵǵġ
һԴķ棬ɳıԵûʲôԴõϵˣٸӣԴ֮˵ֻǻᵮ쾧һƷĴ֮˵ô
ڶ棬⸽̫٣õϢ⸽һѾ֮ˡ
ڵʵûҪȴôʱ䣬ǰɳѰҸĻԵǵʵһЩеʵ壬̫ѹ
еĻȻǲ塢ͻеǿ壬ȴѾԸ֮κа塣
ЩǿʮܶȵĴڣҲδܹɱ
ȥƶһĿ꣬㹻ʵʱʱȥӶһЩԴˣ磬ƷĴ֮ֱһЩеʵ嵱ӦǴڵģֻҪõһöбһˡ
ڵԭǺеˣȫ̤񾳽磬һĻʵǿϾֻڼĻһЩܻȽ⣬ûʲôˡ
ҪôȥѰҼƷ֮е̤ҪôѰ֮ǰʥ۵εĵ񼣣ڶ߶δ׵ǺӳԱ̤룬ܲл
ʴ¹񼣣ƬӦò٣ֻǶûʴ¹ôģĶѡ
Խȥǵص㣬ڰ˶ΪⷽȻһѶȺܴǶеʵ˵ҪһҲǲ׵ġ
ҪӶһЩԴ˵Ҳһ顣
һУ˶˷츲صı仯ľ֮ͨͻƿһֶνӿֲ֮⣬ʱȥҲ˷츲صı仯
ԭռƬǿյ˿壬Ѿҷڵ˿飬ѾΪĸӹ
ԤϵģΧǺӵУѾȫռݣʵǿȴΪ˿һˣռ˸ˣչˡ
ⲢӴ
һǷܹ𣬿ȫеǿȻռԭ˿Ľ򣬵еԴеǿøǿ
߰ɣ⸽㲹һԴͿ·ǰɳĸˡ
Ů˵꣬Ůһ𣬳ڵοռ˳ȥ
֮ƬȻûʲô̫߼ģȥȡһЩ쾧֮ҲǲģΪСڵǺˣҲҪԴܹ
ɲܹԼһǺеҲҪ㹻ʵһµҪԴȫȡˡ


1677 һ
º
Ѿ˳ſɳ·;ϣ̫֮ż裬ǺܹܿҪǰĿĵء
ʱ䣬Ǵг֮󣬱֪֣Ӷ˺ԴȻûɱ壬Դȴ㹻Ǻˡ
ǻΪһͷ˿֪Ǿ۵̬Է֪ڶ֣޼ɵжӶԴ
쾧һƷĴ֮ܹӶϰö֮µ˵ѾǼ亱Դˡ
Ǻ˵УѪ䡢ϴΪ˷ܣΪ㿴ϣȻкôġ
еʱ䣬Ǻ˿˵״̬ԭܶؾĴڣѰΪ˴ף㹻Դ£ΪҲֻʱѡ
ͳһ¡
ԼСУܹǺӵߣƽһһΪӵĹ壬һǰķֲ壬ԸɢˣԼ׾š
⽫鵱Уд׾ĴڣѾﵽ˰
Ǹֲ֣
Ҳ˵Ǵ׾ţǺоܹ˸൱ԭۺˣҪ֪׾߿ɲܹģѶȻǱȽϴġ
ڵİ£Ҫ׾͸̫ˡ
ͬʱɵ˺ü۵֮ģЩȫľ֮ɣʱ䣬þ֮һ˿ʮʱټЧʮһ
ϣһֱȥĻܹ֮ʱټﵽٱ
ڻ֪Դȴǳڴ
ͬʱԼսеľľҲ˳ɹ֮ǰץȥʮͷ˿ѾȫƳ˺ڰʱضԶãʮͷ˿񣬿ɶʮ屶ܶȵĴڣսԲ
̫֮ż̤֮ȥ߳ܿԽʮľ룬ſɳ
ʮҵĿԽ֮ԼһƬŨǺӸƬǺӵеŨ̶ȣ֮ǰеĶԱȣӦܹʮܶȵ
ˣ̽һɡ
֪ƬǿʲôģоûΣֱ֮Ӵ̫֮Ȼ߶񻯵İӰ֮ͨ
İӰܹ֮ͨ۲쵽һǧڵ̽ٺòֶˡ
һ£ܿͷ֣ƬǿյŵľȻҲ壬һ壬ʴ¹һȽǿƵ壬ھ뱦֮ʱһͷ½
һ壬ڿɳпǱ˿Ҫǿö壬ҪʵĻһһԱȵʮ˿壬ΪˣܹڱȽϿɳռһƬ̡
һĽжѾѱһ嵱ȥĿꡣ
Ҳ֮ǰһαװжˣ̫鷳ˣҲ˷ǵʱ䡣λûʲôӣ֪ڱһЩĶ򣿡
ѯһŮʱһ˵Եеˡ
֮ǰҪ̽ϢαװжԷڲһʱ̫˷ѣҪܴľȥưţֶεĻûҪ鷳ˡ
ɡ
ݺվ˳һЦУһͨΪͨ۳һЩѪ֣֮ЩѪֿ֮ںԤ׵£ϣ̽һж򡣡
ǽѪְ֮ڱһһЩǿϣǾܹ֪һһЩϢˣ˵񼣵Ϣ

ԣʱǰһĻǾͿԼ¶ϢûҪȥ˷ʱˣλʱ䶼ܱӦöǡ
ţǾͽˣѪ֣֮ҪβܸԷϣ
Ҳ˵ͷԺݺһ䡣
Ѫ֮ӰΣҪϣֻҪԷͿˣһ㣬޷Լǵҡ
ݺ˵
û⣬ô˾ɣȺͺݺȥѪ֮ˣҼͷǿƵıһС
һ˵ţһٴιճ̫֮ţȻ˺ݺһˣ̤档
αװֶΣҪϢЩһ񲢲ѣȻúݺһѪָ֮Էϣȫûʲôˡ
һӦ߰ʮңһС룬ҲǶʮͷڱȽƵֻͣҪݺΪԷͲܷѪֵ֮Ĵڡ
ںȽǿʱ򣬺ݺǿѪֽ֮״̬˭޷ˣֻ״̬£Ѫܹ֮õѶϢͱȽˣ뱻ߵʱǵ˲С
ûлʱ䣬ͺݺ˶ԱһжʮͷѪָ֮壬Ȼ̫֮ͨţϢĻصǸƬǿʱ
ڵƬǼεĿռ䣬ּΪƫƧһ㲻ʲô۵ĴڹʼձŰӰ֮۶ΧĹ۲죬һʲô̷ܹ֡
ɣһֱѪֵ֮õй񼣵ϢڱһôĽӦûвŶԣʱҲȽܼϣܹõĻᣬʵø졣
˵
Ȼ߶˾֮ͨþ֮ʱټסԼ
ʱڷһ⣬Ϊϲ
֮ǰľ֮ʱټǿƼʱ䣬Լ֮жᱻʱ䣬ڣ֮ͻƿ֮һ㾹Ȼ˸ı䡣
ѡ񣬿סʱټڣʱ飡
Ҳ˵ѡЩ˱ʱЩ˲ʱ򵥵˵ڳԼ֮⣬ʥۡݺŮҲõʱټڿĿܡ
Ļ˶ܹʮһٶȽٶȣᳬ󣡡
Դ˼˷ܣΪһֱֻһһȵĻĳЩؼʱ̣ҪõһЩΪ˸Ĳ
ھͲҪˣ˸ԼһٶȽ
һ£ֻ񾳽ĴڣܹѡܵʱټӰ죬Ǻ֮Ӱ췶Χڣǻ뵽ʱټ״̬޷һ
ˣҲѾܲˣŮٶȶĲ
Ȼˣɡ
ֱӽ״̬ľžطʼת


1678 طЧ
֮Уһʱټ
ݺЩһµѪ֣֮ҲʼЧǲϵõԱһڵϢһϢǱ˵ˡ
Ψǹ񼣵Ϣܹ˵ȤȻ˼Ʒ֮ϢҲܹ˹עһ£Ʒ֮ڱһĽ֮УҲǼѵóֵģʱڣϲϢ
ʱټУ˲Զڷٽš
ʱȥ֮ʱټڣѾʮ£Ҳ˵ҪӽʱˣʱڣΪԶ׼ġ
ǵõѪִ֮Ϣ˵һ񼣼ĻӦûһֱȥȻ񼣿ôǾͲܴˡ
ʱټ֮ܣһŮŮ˸
ԼʱȥľžѾ֣˵أںͰӰϵʮļ֮ٶȱʮϵʱ˽ٱ
Ҳ˵ڰӰԵϳ̶ȴﵽʮ֮ÿһϳ̶Ⱦطʮٶȣ
ԭľžѶȣҲǰ̶ڼμÿһֵѶȶҪ֮ǰʮ˰ӰĵĳϣٶȲûб١
ʮµʱ䣬ܶȴﵽʮıľž˵ֵĵأҲ˵Լʱܹһľžٶȼ¡
˵ҪԱȵĻǾ͸ʥۡǶԱȾѾˡ
ԭڵִһ彮ʱʥۡǲ඼ǶʮҵܶȣͨԼطֻܶȡ
ΪطҲѾٵڶֵĳ̶ȣʱǵٶȸһֵʱȣȫҲҪܶȱޱȡ
ʱټĻµʱ䣬һܶȶ޷ɼѰ֮ѣ
ԵŮۿȻֱôܶȵʱ򣬼ֱȵţǷǳԼطѶжߣȻô໹ܱ˿ֲٶȣѵ츳ǳôࣿ
ʵ֮츳ಢǺܴ󣬵ΪȫϰӰģҵõԾĴвŻ˳
ľžÿһ޳ЧǰӰϳ̶ǿһŮطһֵЧҲǺܲġ
ʥ۵طЧܹսʱ򲻶ϲΧԷƻ
ʱ˿̣Ѿգħ֮ĵڸŮܵһЩ˺֮޷ָµˣһϡ
Ҳ˵ڵʥȻսûôǿҪɱʥ۶ûô׵ģͻָԶѰ
һ룬¾֮ǰͷӽʮܶȵĽˣҪƿʥ۵ķ붯취УǧںϵԷϵʴЧ
ЩȵǣŮеҶ΢ȻһطЧǾʱÿһʱ䣬ٶȾͻһ
ֻҪжϣŵĻЧʼճȥ
ʮʱȥҶ΢ٶѾﵽ˻Ľ
ٶȣѾʾˣΪҶ΢ܶѾﵽ˶ʮ屶ԶԶŮŮҪﵽ̶ȣٻС
˵Ҷ΢ϵȥٶȽߵıӵиߵܶȣ
Ҷ΢ε񼣿㲻ùȥˣ޷񼣵ģֻҪǺӵĳЩ߶δʿ񼣾㹻ˡ
Ҷ΢˵꣬Ȼֶ֪Һʥ˵¸衢ʥۣǾҶ΢һɣʲôҲиӦȻطƫƧ쳣ǲʲô⽵١ǰ֪ңݺλ͸һǰεõϢ񼣸ǺӵͽУϣܹ񼣵Уɹ̤뵽ľ磡
ŮİŶûʲô顣
ҪֿжĻʥۺ϶ҪֿģĻ֮ʶͨصԱʱ֪Էжʱ򻹷Ųһ
֪ҿ϶Ҫģ֪ܶȻָʮ屶ĳ̶ȣҪ˵սĻѾʮܶȵˡ
ǰ񼣣õϢǣһѡ߶δ۷ǿߣҪ̤Ǹ񼣣񼣵гͻƵľ硣
׵ıһǿıʮ౶ܶȵĴڡ
һĻ˵ᴫȥʱпһǿҲ˵ʱʮ౶ıһ٣⿿һ˵ĻǹѲڵġ
֪ƻеǿսҪȥ
жӦþͻᱩ¶ˣȱ봴򣬲ھабһļһȫɵһǵݾͲᱻȥ
ʥ˵ȴ̽ڵĸʱܹһ̫֮ţҪʥϣܹ㹻ǿľ򣬵Ⱦ̫֮֮ͨŻص
⣬ΪҪҶ΢ʼմ״̬Ҳ뿪̫ãȻĻû취Ϊʱټˡ
һħĻܹάʱʱټ
֮άʱټУҪȻĻҶ΢˵СӰ죬ϣ˵սܹ׷ԼԼٵѹͻСöˡ
Ҷ΢طЧһ⣬Ǽ֪֮սһˡ
Ҿ֪ͨһǺӵˣõϢ˵񼣵ĽٶʮˣǾѡٶʮ˳Լ˽񼣵ĻΣҲܹ
˵񼣣ʴ¹ͬƷԶԶȲʴ¹ȻŲٺöҪ񼣵̤뵽񾳽磬ɲôףٶʮУ¶ܹΪ񡣡
Ǳһ彮ڵ֮һ
ʮϰ꿪һΣʴ¹Ķʮ꿪һΣ񼣵Ŀʱ䲻㳤Ҳ̣ǰʮ꿪һΣڱһ˵ҲһҪʽͨ񼣿һܹȲ
Աһ񼣿϶ӣǻ͵񣬾ͷʮܶȵĴڣиǲ֪жǿڹעš
һǿ񣬿϶Ҳʱ̹ע񼣵Ŀ˵ⲢֹҪǺ񼣵ľġ
񼣣ûʲôֵ֮ģԣȫԽУûκ谭
ֻҪܹɵЩһ
ôж׼ʼˡ
΢̣ɳ֮ڼ˿֮һҪʼˡ


1679 ͥ
֮ͥ򡱣ʴ¹һطģʴ¹ҪСһЩֻܹͬʱٶʮ˽롣
ξʹռˣһκλᡣ
һͱһ֮϶ǻͻģ⣬ֻҪ׵Ļܹ±һκδڣǱһǿҲѾ̽ˣʮܶȡ
̶ȵϵĻ޷ѹסģпܽԷɱ֮ûкúսһѡ
УǱȽϿսģΪһʤ˵һ֮򽫻ٴЧٶȱǰ졣
ԼСеǺӵУѡٶʮ˳Ȼ׼ǽͥ
ˣʱͷһţĻԺӦûкܶŶԡ
߰ɡ
֪ҺͺݺŮֱӹһ̫֮ţȻ̤ϣʧƬƫƧεյС
һ̣㵽ȴ̽ͥڵĸ
ͥʱ䣬һ׼֮УҿʱǵĶ򡣡
ݺ˵
ЩµѪ֣֮ΪֹһֱڷãͥϢɴ˶
ţǿڵĵطң׼һ£ȡһ򾡡
˵ͷȻ߶ͨӰ֮ۡ
ıһͫӰֳȻ󽫷Բһǧ֮ڵĳȫУŨΪһƬӰȫ
ͥھһһܹٶʮ߶δ׵ıǿߣѾͥſڵȴˡ
۲쵽ʼƻһоյС
ݺǱߴϢȻڹעͥ飬ȴûϵ߻飬һæԼ飬ͥ򶼻Զ
ҪϹĻһ£ͨʱմͷҲҪüʱ䡣
ߴĻԷ϶һ϶õˣŸҳơ
͸ȡ㹻ʱ䣬ǿͷھͥҲǱȽңԶ̸ϹȻҲͨʱȴ֮ͥ¾
Ȼʱֱӳ˵ǰ
һ׼ְɡ
ȵͥʣһ쿪ʱھ֡
̫֮ţ裡
ΣֱӾͳͥ򸽽һȺһ֮ͣأȻһ̧֣֪ҺͺݺŮСгˡ
ɱ
ûκԥֱŮ֣ͬʱֱӼܹһ̫֮ţ׼ȷӵʥڵĵط
Ȼʥ̤棬ǰǧսںһ𣬴߶˸ǿľ򣬽֮ڵȫ
ĳ֣óһڱһһǷӦҪȵʱȴѾϢ֮ڣκϢܴȥʥʶͨ
óбһȺ߶δ׵Ĵһ󾪻̡
ܿ죬ǾͷֳǰľȻֻһȺСӣҲģļһӵʮ屶ܶȣ˶ֻжʮܶȡ
˿
ϾǵĻͶУʮܶȵڣ
ǶԼӵģԭǻΪȻҹǵĴڣ϶ǼǿƵģڿǳԴҩˡ
Ȼһ˶ǣֱǿ̬Ƿ˹ơ
ͷǿıһͷʮ˱ܶȣֱӳ֪ռݵľ֮ϮһǳɫĺһɫĻ棬һֻֻ˫ɫĺ
һͷʮܶȵıǳɱ˹ϾڱϿʮıܶȣʵ϶ǱȲ֪ҵģȻȺȴˡ
һ棬ͷ񣬷ֱݺʥɱ˹ȥͷҲֻжʮ౶ܶȣŮİȫ
ͻƿھˡ
ʶһ㣬ΪŮսʵϲûôǿǰЩҲ൱֪ľ֮ʮ˱ܶȵı֮֡
Ȼ֪Ҫסһʱ仹ûģֻһֱȥĻضᱻԷɵ
ߵս־Ҫˡ
ʮܶȵı壬˵ǿ֣Ⲣ£Ϊһս֮Ѿ
һУһǰһʱǱޣӦʮܶȵ
޽֮ա
ͷڳϮʱһ̧֣ʩչ޾似ģͬʱ֮֮ƵЧصͷڣ
û׼ԷģΪǿ֮ɱλõģֱӴݻٶԷģֻʩչһֶΣ֮ƵЧӳֵԷϡ
ӣͷܶȣֱӱʮҪһΣ

׹ɱͬʱʩչڻ治ϮʴŶԷľ꣬ɱ߶֮ʴ˶ԷУϽɵ
ʮܶȵıڵûκη
ĵֿûܹܶȲ£֮ƵЧȫӳöԷ뵽һЩʹĻþУӶľ
һ̣׹ɱɱͷ;ͬʱܵ˴ݲУ˫صʹͷӻþ˲䱬ĵ໥ںһ𣬾ȻڵĵطȻ鿪
˶Էش»ᷢҷԶԷĹƸԱѾ˷Ӧǧںսһǧëǧ֮
ǧ֮ǧںսѵһ߱ķֶΣ˫ܶȶ£㹻ֵˡ
ĹǿبżĺģֽȻ෴֯һ𣬺ȻѾȫԽبżܹķ롣
һαͰһǧǧ֮ױ飡
ʱһ̧֣ȡ֮ǰĳԴƷ֮ʯͷΧһ֮ǣ֮Ȼ˲䱬
ֲı׹ɱɱͷ˶ܵ˿ֲشһʱ֮伸ȫ޷


1680 
ͷʮ֮ܶȫû뵽ʮıܶȵСӣȻӵ˿ֲ
ΪѾʱ䣬ȴδļһܹ˵ܹܶԽʮܶȻ֣ܶļһû˵
˵ʹһȻһУţопܡ
ǣǰСӣȴǲƬС尡
ʹһȻһ壬ڿɳеĵλ͸Ľ塢ͻеһǿ壬ʼ໥ԿĹ̵У˲ûʱռĵ̡
ҪȻĻɳѾռˡ
ʹһȻһ壬ͬΪɳǿ壬໥֮żǿҵľ໥֮䲻ϱͻϵȽͻе֮仹Ҫš
ǿ֮䣬ϻάƽͣȻһҪţôͻԼ˲ܱƽ͡
ʹһȻһ壬Ϊ໥ԿѾͶȫûȥš
ͷʮܶȵıʱѾȫѹסˣû˿ȥٹʱͻᱻɱ
бϡ
ͷʮ˱ܶȵı񣬼״ԼٶҪط֪ȴǳصģûôתսƴͷסˡ
£ĶּǾ޿ɾȣ
һ̣ͷʮܶȵıҪҲ˲䣬ǱʶΣһԱ
ǰĶ֣϶Ϊ˼ɵԼߣһֱûܹԱͱɱˡ
ǰͷȴʶһ㣬ǾǰЩ˼ȻǶ֣϶ȫ׼ԱҲ޴ӡ
ȻˣΪʲôֱԱǰЩһһ
뷨ȴѾ
Ա뷨ʱľ֮ͨѾʩչͷųƹʮܶȵıʹԱ֮ٶʮһ
ͬʱɱͷٶȣȴǸûб
֮ͷδԱѾʧȥʶ⵽˻ԵĴȻ󱻾֮ȥ
ʮܶȵ񣬹ȻǴ󲹰
̲סпͷ֮־֮һ˲٣Ȼûдﵽʱټʮĳ̶ȣȴҲһء
һµĻֻҪѳеıȫɵĻľܹ֮ͨһ¥ﵽʮʱټЧ
ⲻܹٶսи̶ȵ֣˵Զ׼ġ
սپ
ţ۲һ֪Ǳߣ֪ڼѵסͷʮ˱ܶȵı񣬶ʱ
֪ң֧һȥˡ
֪ҴȥȻ㳯ʥۡݺŮڵĵطϹȥŮվһһʩչֶΣڵֵͷϹƣǡ
£ѡȰЩСආ˵
һٶʮ߶δף˵ͬ裬ȫвǵģֻҪɵЩһûѡ
ȥᡣ
մԽ
ͨմԽһ˲ƵʥŮԣȻ׹ֱӴ߶ȼڻ˲չȥͷȫС
ھ֮£Щ֪Լѣƴһսȴû뵽ôɾͰǵһǿĸɵˡ
ҪܣֻĿ׹ԼϮ̺ŵϢǸľսȴûġ
Ϊ֮Ķ
û˿õģ
ԱΨһѡ񣬲ͷʮܶȵıһǲŸոԱ뷨֮ʱټЧ㽵ˡ
ʱʥۡݺŮܵʱټӰ죬׷׳֡
ʮܶȵͷʥۡݺŮֵ¶Ųסʱ䣬زֱתȥԸԷӪΪֵļһˡ
ʮ˱ܶȵı񡭡뽫ɱУʱϾˣǲ
ʶһ㣬ֱӳ֪ڵķϹȥ
ʱ˿̣֮ڸͷħ֮ĵļٻָȻھѹƵķ棬ȴҲ޷֪ҳɱ޷ڳ
ʱˡ
Ͷɣֻ·һˣʲôûˣ
Сͷ񴫳˼ɲ棬ۿͷҪŭĻӦӣֱһ̧֡
֮򣡡
ͨٴαʩչ
Ӱֱ֣Ӱͷľ곶뵽ʱĶϲ϶֮Уȥʱ䣬ɷʱ䡣
ûɱһ
Ѿ֪ԼڲܽʡκζĻ¶Էķˡ
ŶԷĵʱ򣬾֮ͨԷסȻ׹УһСػȻ뵽˶Է֮УȻŶԷڴһ·չȥ
֮
׹һֶΣֽ׶αȽǿƵĹֶΣԸǱٺʲˣʱ䣬㽫Էڵĳ״ݻ٣ȫʧȥս
֮ɣ
˿ֱþ֮ʼɵĹ̡
һͷ˵ıҲǱŮѹסھ֮ʱټЧ£ŮĶ֣ܿȫС
Ȼ󣬾֮ɡ
Ƭ֮ľ֮˳񣬵õһ̶ȵʱټЧҲʽ̤ʮ
֪֮һƿʲôʱ򣬻˵䲻Ч޻
һ㣬ڵľ֮ӦûڴﵽޣϾŸͻƿûãƾֱĻ֮һƿпʱټЧﵽʮʱ
Ҳȷֻܱ˵ˡ
Щ壬ɵ
Ů˵ţȻʼСУԭͰźõٶʮ˴Сͳ
ЩˣǺӵеľӢȫ߶δ׵Ϊ磬Щ˵ʵδʱھ̤ʴ¹սġ
Щ˿˵Ǿϸѡǵʴ¹ȥпܳΪ½Ĵڡ
һνͥ򣬸λעⰲȫͬʱܵԼϣͷʱǵܹ
˵꣬ٶʮͷ߶δѾȫŮָɵˡ
ݺǱô
Ժݺһ䣬ͱҪעĶˣһжԶԶûнŸոտʼ


1681 
ݺܿػˣطѾߵı仯Ȼڼ֣ͥϹӦҪֱӼܹʱˡ
ʱû̫󶯾ݺҲ޷˽⵽ˣΪЩһѾۼһЩµѪ֣֮ټĻᱻֻ֣ʱߡ
˵Ѿһ峹׷ݺЩѪ֣֮˵õġ
ڣֻҪ֪һڼ񣬺ܿҪˡ
ţλԵ۲һ£ʲôطʱһ̸ҡʥȻȥͷɣһټһ̫֮ţ
Ů˵꣬ȻתѡٶʮǺǿߡ
ɨһȺ
ѡУѪ䡢ϴ顢硢׵׾ŵľųȵȣг𡢻ȶŵȵʹ½ʱھʶѡ
Ҳзܰ濡Ϧ衢ŮӣҲйɡɽӭġ޵ȵ͵֮ʶѡ
Ħի졢Ԫסߺɽ䡢һˣҲѡоԭڵİ١С³ˡ
˪ȻҲڣŵˣҲܴ
һݣ˵൱ģȥͿǵеļܹһﵽľˡ
ʴ¹˵ǷǳΣյģֻͥһ̤룬ΣҪ࣬ȻĳЩΣҪȥжϡ
ЩΣҲ޷ǶɹֻܹƾʵͻС
λ׼һ°ɣͥϿжСһ㣬гΪĻǰҲܹóȻжһԼΪأ֪𣿡
صĶ˵ΪĻᣬԺкܶ࣬ûбҪȥƴǶеʱ䡣
ס
ش
ܹΪĻᣬ˶Ƚ˷ܣرȽʸĴڣ顢ϴȵȣҲһǳΪ׵ʱѾ̫ˣңңڣںò׵õΪĻᣬôܲ˷ܼ
ʵ˵ҵĳŵ
˶֣ص˵Ȼ̤Ļᣬȴû뵽һˡ
ȻڻֻһᣬܲΪ񣬻ÿȥԼı֡
˵ˣú׼ɡ
ЦһЦ˰˰֡
һ۲Զͥһܼųǣڻһ͸⣬޷Уȵʱ͸Ͼͻʧˡ
ĹųǵУʲôΣͻݺ֮ǰҲͨѪֵ֮õһЩѶϢ
ݺҪעĵطٸһ£ȹ۲һΧʱп֡
Ժݺ˵꣬㿪ʼ߶񻯵İӰ֮ͨΧ۲ȥ
ݺǷ˹ٴνйͥϢпܻһЩʲôĻΣգٴϸһ飬ܹǰ׼
ͥʴ¹һЩÿһνжǲһģԹؼǵÿԼжϲУݺѶϢҲֻΪһοѡ

İӰۣ֮ͫӰ󣬹۲ΧԲһǧڵ
ھͥ򼴽ǰһ̣״ھΧ֮⣬ȻͬʱĸʱʱڣӦǴӱ彮ͨԱǿڴ˴ۣ
ȻѾϲֹ˰ͽͥ򣬵ȴԲڱɱ뿪
ˡ
֪ҲͬʱȻǵ̽鷶ΧûİӰ֮ôľ뻹ܹ֪ġ
ǹɡ
侲û˿ĻţȽҵСɣʱܸ֪ݡ
Щֻ֪ͥı嶼ɵˣȴ֪˭ɵģ˲Ż˽ľۼ㹻֮Ź
֪ҽС֮αװһͷ˿񣬶ʮ౶ܶȣھε
ûܹ͸ʱʱ֮ĸʱ֮ǰԷ޷ߵġ
ʱͥڿˡ
ǺеٶʮˣֱӽͥȻƬʧǿҲܿǵĴڣԣ˵ݣ˫ʽս֮ǰͲܱ¶ȥˡ
ҪöԷһһ޷κϢݳȥ״̬һǵϢͲᱩ¶ͲһЩΣա
ȻˣҾˣѾͥҾûҪطˣûܹ̤ͥκв
ţֱ̧㳷˾Ȼѡһʱ׼
ʱֱͥĸ֮ǰݺõϢǣǿλҲ෽򣬵ȷұߵʱǴӱ彮Ҳġ
ڲȷ£ֻ̽һˡ
ţ㻯˿ֱӳһʱǰȥȻʱĳڴͷһȻǰʱĳڴþ
һЩҪʱҪľ򣬿Ϊȡһʱ䡣
Ȼѡһʱֱ̤УȻΪ˴ĿռʱʱУͷһ飬·ʱںϳһ壡
⡭񻯵İӰܹ֮ͨһռ֮ڿþˣȻҲٿʱرʱԣ
ڰӰ֮֮ͨ󣬾ûнʱڽ֮󣬾̷һϲһ޵У
ռĽʱԷ֪ѾˣԶʱȥˣ˭ﶼʼո㲻ôս
ܺãͷ񣬲ȫʮ౶ܶȵģĶǺ㰡ȻʱڷͣͲǰ
ţȻֱƿʱʱΧ̫֮ʱڴͷϮ˹ȥڴ֮ǰȻȷסǵ·
ɱ
̫۶ɵķ籩ϳͷϮȥ̼佫
ʮ౶ܶȵıǿʱԵ֮ɴеģѰ̫з籩κβǣƿصȴʱе̫֮


1682 
ͷʮ౶ܶȵ񣬱̫֮ɵķ籩֣һЩĪ֪Щ̫ôͻȻϮ
ǵֶλǺǿģԴ߶˷ʽͨľӰǱ󣬷ϲϳ֣Χ̫з籩ֵסˡ
Ͼʮ౶ܶȵͷ֣һʱ֮κβǣżΪƿص̫з籩޾ġ
ʱţԽԽ̫֮ʱԵ֮ۼһγɿķ籩ͷ񲻶֣Űʱ
Щûмġ
״̬µԼ޵еĴڣֻҪϳȥǿҲֵסЩ̫еķ籩һ㣬㹻ǿӦǿƿЩ籩ѡ뿪ʱģĻҲٶ̫з籩׷ȥ
ȻǰЩʮ౶ܶȵıͲˣѾ̫з籩֣ȫƿصУҪ뿪ܣΪʱеĿռĶǴڻЧ״̬
붯ֶ֮ΣпЩ̫з籩ĹƣǰͷȻֶ߱Ρ
Ҳãһɱˣֱ̫з籩ǸɵͿˡ
ţӿٵĻ˷̫֮ʱл۳Ϊ籩ͷ񣬴Լȥʱң̫з籩ѾϮʱͷ𽥲֧Ҳֵס̫з籩ѣһͷһͷ
֮ڶԷױɱ֣֮Էʬ֮ɣȻСкǱϾǺԴ
ңпܴзҪԴЩСкֵñġ
ʱ
ʱеı񣬾Ͱ˼ŵʱȥˣ뿪֮ǰٴλռ֮Ȼһʱֽˡ
ռ֮õһֱӰʱֽʹ䲻ͨʱܹʧˣǰʱûĴڣҪȻ޷ֽʱ
ΪֽܹǴĿռ֮ʱӵڵʱ򣬾Ͳˣ޷Щһֽ⡣
һʱʧˡ
ռģصͥڵ򸽽⸽΢˵仯ΪȺȻѾȫˡ
ȻֹһʱıǰʱУѾ㹻ʱͨʱͥ򸽽ˡ
ϧǣǸýͥͽȥˣ⸽ûκ֣ͥ̽ûһǲܳġ
ڻΪռģԷֲҪ˵Ѱ壬Щܶȼߵ񣬶ֿܷռеĿռĻĳ黯ɡ
еĸǺȥ
ܹʮһͷƬ򸽽ѾԷ飬ûйϵǲʮһͷһֱȥ
ʮһͷͷʮ౶ܶȵģͷʮܶȵģӦǱǿͷˡʮܶȵıڵҿ²Ƕ֣˵ͷʮ౶ܶȵһ𡭡
֪Լ취ܿ⡣
Щǿۼߣʹű彮ǿģûκԥתԶȥ
ֱȻ뵽һʱУȻʱѡǰ彮򣬸һֻԷս
˵Ǻɵ飬ڿԷֽʱĻԱҪߵö࣬ҿڰѶԷֿ֮Ҫһʱܹ֮ϡ
Ͼֱӷֽʱ
һƻԺ֮γɡ
ͥ򸽽ȺѾֽʱӦо˼ΪʲôʱͻȻʧǿ϶ܷκֵļ
ڴһʱ뿪֮󣬷ԼһƬ䷱ǺӣӦ彮ΪǺ֮һˣеÿһ򣬶൱彮һЩǺӵĺ
ǺеĺϾȻźüͷĴںۼ
ǱһĽģǺӣԵʾ֮ԴԵʾ֮ԴһķԴأԱǺΪ룬岻Ϸչǿţı彮򡣡
֮ͨǰݺѪ֣֮ѶԱĴй˽⣬֪ǰǺǱ彮е֮ء
ҪǺеֵĻ⵽ķ϶СЩ㹻æˣֻжǺ֣ܹñ̶ȵĽﵽֻԷĿġ
ͷǿʮܶȵƽʱڵĵطǼһɲڣֻͷʮܶȵıסǺӵıҪôǰͥɱˣҪôڻͥǱߡȻˣǾͶֺˡ
αװһͷ壬ȻһϣֱӴ߶ֵͨһ񾳽ľ־ǲ˳ȥɱκ鶼ܹΪһͷµľ֣
Ȼʼľ֣սҲ޷ȣǣֻҪΪıߣǸǾֵĶֵģ
žɢ϶Ϊ˱جΡ
ʱ򣬵һЩкǿĺĻ߻Ĺƣ汬һƬƬֵо֡
ϾǺǱһĺĵشÿһϣǾ߱һЩԶŵķģͬѪǺӵеĳЩӵзһ
Щ޷ֵ֣ȴܹһֵľ֣þûôųȥ
ϵЩ壬ӦЩˣЩ߷ӦȻ죬Щ̵ӣ˵ǹ̫˰ӣûʶڱǺжܹ֡
£ľֲϵóѣɱЩ壬ȻҲȫµľ֡
ľʵԽԽʤʵ̫ˣȥÿһͷ嶼Ϊ֣ʹһƬɫ·ȳһӳȥܿͱ飬һƬһƬж
ȻԶŷܹһ̶赲ȺƽһƬƬɱ֣ͲЩֱ֣Ӵ߶ǳŷĺ۴ȥԱ
ʼݣ


1683 Ϸˣ
ٵıֱӱָռȻԶŷıһ㡣
ǱجΣ
ûеȴ̫ã򲻹ʱ򼴽ݵʱбˣһͷʮ౶ܶȵı
ͷӸϹֱӿʼɨϵľ֣ǰٻľ־ȫûʲôֿˣǹؼڣֵѾ̫ˣ
Ǳ񣬶һɾеľֻ֣һƬһƬĽ
ϣвٵطƾԶŷеֿʱ벻ȥһԣֵԽԽ࣬ĳЩѾӳһƬֵĺ
ͷϹıҪֻϧûϤֵսʽѾ˲˹ۣͷȫ
޷ݳϢ£ͷ³Ϳ֪ˡ
ûгʱ䣬ͷֱӸɵԾ֮ɣȻٴû˿ռ䵱Уʧûбκ鷢Լټ
һͷǰԮűȴϢɱϢܿʹ˳ȥ
ȴûκ֪ͷʲôڵУ
ûͣϣתƵ˱ȥͬþֵֶΣӣܿͬ˾Ⱥ庣ľС
϶Ѿ֪ߵϢͥǱߵȽ⣬ϾǱʷһαͥģǰֻżһΣʹһһЩԴһͥʸ
ǿ֣ǾѡȫɱģûгֹΪֹѾʧ̫ǿˣﵽñ˽ǵĵز
ĵһжñ嵽һΣֵĹؼʱ̣бȫԱ
ʱڱ彮Ϯ飬һӾЩ񾭣ֵĵطպͨͥһʱĸЩһӾʲô
Ǹͥ߱ȫɱļһѵܵȥˣ
Ŀѵͥ
һʼʱЩΪĿͥռͥ򣬱Ͼ䶯ֵʱͥĿʱ䣬ǳ뿪֮󣬳һ£ͥĽȷѾռˣҿԿ϶ٶʮУûһǱĺ󱲽ġ
ЩɻˣǼһͥ򻹲Ǻ֣
һͷʮ౶ܶȵǿ񣬴ʮ౶ܶȵı񣬷ŭͨʱűǰС
ʱȴѾʱеȺ
ڱ彮Щ򣬹׾ҪЩǿǵжȻɱԷȫ֮ͥĻȥͶԷӲӲ
ͷʱУȫͳ֮Ϊ
ûκԥ侲ĻռʱУȻȶԷʱ̫з籩״𣬽ͷ
Էһͷʮ౶ܶȵıܹط̫з籩ܳʱ䣬ʱڣѾסʱκ˽Ҳκ˳ȥ£ԷôǿҲֻ·һ
ֻʮܶȵ޷ַɱˣΪʮ֮ܶһʱ䣬֮ǰǿ̫࣬з籩ǿҲ޷ݻǡ
ʮ౶ܶȣͲˣֻҪѵʱͿԽԷɵûһգҲᱻԷ֪˭ڳǶ֡
̫ķ籩ͷʱףΪʲô֮ǰһʱֱɢˣѵȻܹƿʱǿڣ
һߵֿ̫з籩һ߳ԽϢͳȥȴζܽκϢ뿪ʱˡ
ң̫з籩˵ҲʼԽԽǿңһʼɵֿܿͷʮ౶ܶȵıѾܲסˡ
ʮ౶ܶȵı񣬵һʱûд󰭣̬ƽȥĻûҲܲסоԼͲôһֻҪﵽʮܶȣ϶Ͳ̫з籩ˣֻϧ
ڵѾﵽʮıܶȣľž˵ֵصģϿƿʱֶΣڶԸʮ౶ܶȵʱ򣬻ûʲôѹˡ
磬£Ҳһͷʮ౶ܶȵӵиֶΣȫֲʮܶȵĲࡣ
֮ƺͰ˼ѪͿֲʮ˱ܶȲˣ˵ֶζҪҪǿܶģǼ亱ֶΣ׹ָ߼ԴƷֻһЩǿŻӵС
һʱ֮ͷʮ౶ܶȵıܲסֱӱ̫з籩˺ѳƬ
û֮ûд߶ȥͷʬǣΪܱ¶ԼΣԼҪ顣
ʱ֮һͷʮ౶ܶȵı̫֮ķ籩б˺ѣȻŰд߶֮򣬽ԷʬɣȻ˶ԷСк
㶨ռƻȥ壬ҵƿصС
ţû֮ǰٵʱȻ̫֮ϢģʱָƿȻص˱彮򣬶һЩ֡
Ϸˣİ취ȷţҪ㶨Ҳ¡
еʵˣǷܹѹ壬ܹ鶼Ϊū͡
ȴ˰ˣҪʵֲ̫
񻯰Ӱ֮ͨĻռģƿʱܴݻٴˣ˵ֶΣ˴ۣʼݵġ
̫֮żҪʱߣֻҪͥ򣬵ǺЩ˳֮ٴһ뿪
ƺбѡ
ƯյУۿǰԶ򱻾ֲŰһµļƻԴ٣ƿһ壿
ȻǰȰͷʮܶȵıɱĻαװͷǿ񣬱ӶĲƸԴ֮ĴڣҲܹΪУ


1684 
뷨޷ʵֵģҪҪǸĿ꣬еѶȾԲС
Ҫؼģǰѱо߱ԻȨЩǿȫɵĻαװǿıͳ塣
ڸɵһͷʮ౶ܶȵı񣬻һͷǿʮܶȵıԼͷʮ౶ı񡭡
֮ǰݺѪ֮õϢ֪Уʮܶϵֻͷ
ͥģֻͷһͷʮܶȵıûгǰ
ҪƿĿģͷǿ߿κһܷŹģЩֵҪ»ܵɣ޷ɳͳĿꡣ
ǵһǵڶ
ڱ彮лЩͼͥ򸽽ıǿߡ
һΣûܹЧˣΪɱһͷʮ౶ܶȵıѾľע⣬֪ڵıһΣ
ΣõĻ׵ĸ
ͷǿıӦѾʲôڴ⣬Ʋԭ㡣
һʮ౶ܶȵıں޷±ɱҶԷʱֽɼֵʵֲ
ڶӶԷӶжԷڱźĵ⣬ֻͥ⡣
Ʋ£ȥжͲܺˣΪĿģ
£ǷļҲ˴ŵġ
ڣѾټԣһǵ񶼼һж
Ѫֵ֮УԼ֪ϢǼϢѪ֣֮ڴһϢ֮ͱˣɼԷѾ֪Ѫֵ֮Ĵڡ
Ҫð취
̾˿
ҲҺЩһıԿΪǲܵ飬ǿҲʮ౶ܶȵ񣬾пܵʮܶȵĶ֣ĸ£
Կûþͻᱻɱˡ
취
̱ǶԷڻ֪ݣӵ̫֮ŵֶΣ
֮ĳԹԹ֮ҲòŵģڳܲסʧʱΧȡ
ΪĻͱ¶˱ڵ״̬ãûʲôöæпܵҽ
ûӵ飬űǲģȫ֮ս
ʼ̫֮Ŵ彮УǶɿû죬ּĽӿ
Щֵĳ֣ñƣڱ
ǼһжȻܹʱʱϵһֻһϵľֵ֣ٶȻ۳Ŀ졣
⼸ʱѾڱ彮ڲ˺üʮЩ񼯺һͨеʱ
Ȼûܹץסףûܹ֪ݣҲѾȷһ㣬ǾٵĶ֣վ޷ԿǣҪȻͱɵˡ
ñǲ˲ٵġ
ٶûôǿģǿսʤģ͸һЩϣ
Ȼܹʮͷڷֳжһǿ죬һʮ౶ܶȵı죬ͷȥֵľ֡
ΪֹбϵѪֶ֮Ѿҳ
ȻףѪֵ֮ĶǶʮܶµǶԻδֵĶֵĳʵ˸ε˽⡣
ȻѾƲֵĲͬһˣȻɱʮܶȵǿߣôֻܻڶʮܶȵıѪ֣֮

֪ԷĶѾֳ
ΪѪ֮Ѿȫɾˣڵʲôط֪ûã֪ˡ
ΪִϢѾֶԷͬʱͬĵطԾֽԶ׼ĶԷֳ顣
һǿĶ飬һͷʮܶȵġȻˣѡʮܶȵĶ飬ȫɵ˵
˼һֶԷпһ壬ûʲôҪ˼ɵģʧܣҲᱩ¶Լݺ٣ᵼԼΣա
ǽһʱˡ
֣
ֱӸʱϢĻΪ˿ռģȻûʱԵ̫֮С
֪ʱУǸͷʮ౶ܶȵıʮͷڣҪͨʱһطȥ֡
ڻռĸʱͬΪһʱֹȻˣʮͷƵĳǰߣӡ
̬ȣǹҶ֡־Ͷ֣壬վհɣץסңܸɵһһ
ţȻ̫֮ɵķ籩㳯ʱŰ˹ȥ
̫з籩֣ʱ˶ԷľȻһ̣Ϣ˳ȥͷǿȻһӳʱڴ
ף
ЩȶԷνϢݳȥģѵԷҲʥ۵ڣ
˵Ƶͷܹ֪ԷԶԷܹôٵĸϹ
Ǹ塣
Էֻͨķʽ֣ȻѸٶɼй£ܿӾͰץˡ
ϧǣǻռĵĴڣ
ԷҲټ
̫֮ɵķ籩ȴͷʮܶȵıȫֵס޷˺κһͷ
Էȷˡ
ȻûܹʲôĴڣҲ֪ڶʱе̫֮
ۿ޷ԷɱҲֹͣ˶̫֮֮ǰ͹ʮܶȵֵܹĹƣһȻˡ
֣ܳҲ޷½ʱֻֽգϢ˳ʱ
壬治öԸ
ҪռģӾܱԷ׽ϧ㹻ĵƣ֮´ҲóȻжˡ
Ҫһ׼񳹵׸ɵûôˣҪʵǿƣ޷ԷĶһɵԲŻ˱
˵ҪӵôǿʵͲڱ彮жˣǳſɳȥˡ
ôųҪͥٵ£ؼǿ϶ͬʱ֮ǰЩ㶨С
˳˼


1685 Ϯɱ
ʱ˳֮߶УԶ˲ƶȥûԭκκۼ
ʱ͸оԼ֮ϴﵽ˸һĲΣҲ˵ڽиѵ˵㣡
ϮɱѼ·רΪ죡
ܵ˴ʶСǱߴϢʱһϲ
Ѽպÿڵʹã򵥵˵ⲻһֶΣһתֶΡ
ֻҪȷڵʱܹ꣬ͨ⡰ϮɱκιֱתƵǸʱȥ
¶ɱԷΨһ취ڡϮɱϢԷȲ
Է񶼱һһնɱҲȫûġ
ȽԥľǣʲôֶȥɱЩȽıأ
׹Ļܻῴϴʴ¹еձתһ룬ԷΣֲ֪ϴձĶߣ
Ա¶Ҳûʲôϵˡ
ѼáѼȫԸɵȺеʮ౶ܶȵ񣡡
˷
ʮ౶ܶȵܹһʼͥ򸽽ɵͷʣͷڶһ
ڵĹؼʱˣԷڵʱûôø㵽֡
Сʶ
αȥǵʱꣿֱǵҰźõĵطͿˡ
Ȼ˼ƻȻͿʼʩ
һȽҪıϷ˾֣ȻŰľǳܼʱͶѾɼˡ
Ȼ뿪򣬲ԶԶ뿪򣬵˾ü֮Ź۲졣
ֻҪʱ꣬Ϯɱܽκιݹȥǰǲܹʮ˸ľ룬ҲܹʱԶ롣
ԶžֵжȻ׹ȡ˳׼
ܿ죬Ⱥ㼯嵽ǿϣȻʼϵľ֡
ǿͷʮ౶ܶȵıһΧо䣬Ȼͷʮ౶ܶȵıڵ
ô˵ǶҪѾִƻʧһΧڡ
ϧ˿û뵽طѾڵȴǣ
ǿ쵽ˣ׼
ֵ֪ͨȺĶܼľֿʼ屻ɨ֮û˿ԥֱӷϮɱ
׹ɱɱУͨϮɱֱӽǸϵϣ
ͷʮ౶ܶȵı˿ûиоΣ٣ȵٵʱ򣬾Ѿȫˡ
׹ڻ棬ɱϢ˲ʴڣͬʱǵܶʮĳ̶ȡ
£Щ޷ֵıɱơ
֮ͨϮɱͷ񼸺ûκηͱ׸ɵˡ
ͬʱɵģͬһʱϵͷ񣬿ñȽϽ»Ǳɵˡ
ɼʱ꣬ȫǾɼģȻһûУֱĸ㹻ꡣ
һӸɵ˰ͷ
ͨдľ֣֪ϢʱΪϮɱֶθܵңûֶΣûѺۣܶпܰѶԷһ
ڣǼͷȴɱ˼򵥣һͲҪ̫ˡ
Էܹóвģֻʣͷǿͷȫ̫֮籩ԸǿıŵԷҲǿԿԼڵս

ϣͷͬʱɱʱ򣬶ԷһӾ˾ǿͷһʱϹȴֻܿǵʬ塣
ǰӰĵϢ
Ǹ߼ԴƷϢ
ǣΪƾճ֣˭ӵ
ͷǿı񶼸оһ⣬ǴǰδĹʽڣԿ϶ǸûκĴڡ
ô⹥ƾǴģ
˼ʱ򣬸յͻȻһԡĻеſռĵϢΧɢų
ʲô
Ǽ״ʱЩ֣ûǶǰ棬ʱעʲôı仯
ãûκα仯ǶЩͷԡ
ȴһʱңʣµıǰǿϵľȫˣȻб־һ
ϧǣѾ˸ոȥİͷ
ʣµıޱȵķŭȴһУһֱڶʲôط֪ҪôͶֿ
˵ս򲻹ʹ򲻹ˣʵ˱
£гֵֵʵˡ
ҪҪȥ
Ǹ⡣
ʣ¶ʮͷĻΧŵ棬Щò⣬һţɢĿռӦʱĴֻͨǲ֪ͨδҲ֪᲻ʲôͨŹ
һֱȴţǲȥĻµĶţΪʵ̫ˡ
ţ϶͸ɵļһйأȻ;ԲʲôһնϹն
ʱš
񲻸ж
شϢҲĻµĶų֮彮оû˾ּŰˣȫ伣һȺ˵ǸϢǶ˿
ΧǰĻµĶţǿʼ÷͹Լַ󣬷׷ײΧ
Ȼ󣬾ڶŸ۲бȫ䵥Īˡ
Щʮ౶ܶȵıĪˣҲ;κ춯

ϧûϵĸʮ౶ܶȵļһȻܽһͷֱӴ͵ǰɵȡ
Щϧ
ֱ۳һ̫֮ţӵǸڵĸöԷΪľҪԷע
֮󣬼Էûϵֱ뿪⸽һǰ˶ԷȺڵĵط
ʼΧһƬ򲼾֣һɱ֣Ҫʣµıɱ¾
һһ̫֮ţƬУĸķΧڣʮ̫֮š
ÿһ̫֮ţɣֱʱյˡ
ʮ̫֮ţһƬռ֮磬Ƭռ֮⴩󣬽ʣµľնԷ̤һžͿˡ
ֻҪԷ̤һţȥƿʱ䣡


1686 ֶɱ֮
ڶԷڵ򸽽̫֮Ӷɵʱ֮
Ȼ㽫ڵһЩڰﶼ߶Щڰ̫֮ͨţЩǰ
ڣЩΧţǾüţʱŴЩϳʲô
Ե˿תɵĺڰ߶ڶϵʱЩһЩȡ
˿壿
ǿɳԵͨ壬رǿưڱУ˿ǲС塣
˿ôǱ壬Ҹô
ܿǾͷ쳣֮ǿˣЩǰ˿񣬲˿񣬶ʧȥʶұ˿
ûȱ뵽ҪӦЩ˿һж
ȴЩѾתΪڰ˿ֱӶ֣һܹʮͷ˿תɵĺڰ˲ͷʮ౶Ю
ͷֱӱһ̫֮ϣȻЩǰʧ
жˮһǳɣûиЩķӦʱ䣬Ҫ˿ֵʱ̾ͷжǶ𾪵ء
ȣ
ʣµıûκԥǲԼץ߶ûκΪ
ˣʣЩ֮ҲɢˣʲôĻ»ᵼһЩõ
пܻбֿѰ·ȥ飬ǰҲûз֮й
ԣͷץ֮ʣµıֱӾ׷Ͷһ̫֮
ȻǾͷ֣Ļƹٶȷ׷׼ǲս
Ӱ첢ǺܴǼǰУ̫֮ܿͨţ˶ӵһռУ
ȻǾͷƺ˶ˣбֳһ˶ŵһ࣬ûܹ͹
žȻڴһʱǵĶضˣ
һӣ̾ñо֮Ĵﵽֵ
Ϊһʮ౶ܶȵ񱻽ضԭǱߣûһȻǷҪȥѾˣΪ̫֮Ѿȫʧˣһۼûܹ
ȥ
Ⱥ񣬵һʱ׼ٶȴ߶һʱص֮ǰԱߡ
ȵǽ뵽ʱ֮ȴʱоȻһӾ͹̫з籩
ȵͷǿ񴩹ʱԭ򸽽ʱȴԼѾһ
ߵͷаһͷʮ౶ܶȵıѾȫʧȥټԭֻ˶ݵսȴûκйص˵Ϣ
ͷ
Ұһͷʮ౶ܶȵı֮һ
ʣµı˳صӰ֪ԼԵļһʵֲ̫ˣȻøֶΣǷֱ
ƫƫһ㷴ûС
£Ǿٷֿκ¶һ𣬲ҲȥΧ̫֮ŵʱ֮
ȴǾˡ
ȥûҪˣֻʣһͷʮ౶ܶȺһͷʮܶȵǿСආ첻в
£Կаܹȡʤ
ԣֱӳˣžȻͷţռȫڣȻֱӳ֡
ЩǰʱǹƱöԷף飬¾ǰδ֪ļһĵġ
ǡһʮıܶȣ˴ڣȻܰôˣת
ⲻܣ
ЩֲõԤУǰȴʵûʲôǿĵˣΨһĽѡ
ҲǵȻ֣ǾͱȻѾ˼ǵʮգҪȻĻܳ
Ϊֹ⣬ЩԶʼʩչͨ϶ʼһЩ̽飬û⡣
һﲻǻҲǷӾһĸ壬ɱ϶ǳɱˣûʲôԡ
ӣЩ˷һ񣬾ǰ
ǻǷǳģûóȻǰʱǷһ⣬ǾȲƬڵЩ󣬾ȻѾʧˡ
ǱˣѾˡ
ЩڵڣһЩ˿ڰĲкЩĶǽеķȫ
ĻǾû˾Եİա
ҪȻĻЩһ̵᳹ģû˿·ߡ
ڣͶԱǳˡ
սһʱ˴ԼСгˣ֪ҡݺ˴Сгֱӳ˸֮ǰͰźõĶ֡
ͷʮ౶ܶȵıס
֪ռݵľֱ֮ӳͷڶǿıϱ޾ľ֮ǸһƬڡ
رǣͷʮ౶ܶȵıС
ݺŮЯǰУʩչֶΣʣµıȫֵʣһͷʮܶȵıǿ񣬾ͽԼԸ
˸ԵĶ֪֮ѵʱˡ
ֻҪһսõʤôܹռ彮ֻҪαװͷǿı񣬱ܹͳ壬Ӷ߱徳ڵԴ
Ǳ壡
ԴǱҪʮɼӵЩԴĻж
رǶǺ˵жף˵õ̤񾳽Ļ᣿

Ȼһᣬ͵ץˡ
ţĿƵĶͷǿı
ǿû뵽ȻʮıܶȵԼսͷʮ౶ܶȵ
ģ
ڼ֪ҵʱ򣬱ǿе벻ͨڲʱڿǹϵʱ̣
ǰļһ
ͷ񣬱Ƭ˲˸֮֮بż˲佻һڵĹڵֱϮ
ûеҪȡֱӸɵ
ȴû⣬۾ŶԷĹеĿֲ֪һԼϱħ֮ĻָĻᶼûС
ħ֮Ķᱻһݻ٣
ԲܱԷУһ̣̫֮ųǰȻһ̤棬һ̾ͳͷı


1687 轭
ʮܶȵıǿ񣬶˵ǲսʤġ
ͻԲǶԷĶ֡
ԣܿԷĵһ֮ûκԥֱӴ߶˰˼Ѫڵİ˵Ѫ˲䱬ȼȫѪҺ
ܶȣһ̱ǵʮ
޽֮ͷţبżɵ֣֮˲ͷǿڣȻ֮Ʒ
ͷֱӱʮܶȣЩ±Ƶӡ
ԭʮܶȶʮıܶȣȵѹƣκη̵Ļᡣ
ôһתۣͳʮʮ
˫ֻǲʮܶȡ£ܶȱȽϵ͵ǼһӵʲôֶΣױ䷭̣
Ҿ֮ǰһӵ飬ͷǿѾȷ϶Ǿ߱һЩ
ЩҪսϣܿܵ춨ʤ֡ӰȥٵֶΣѾ˺£ܹƿʱֶΣʵ̫ڹ졣
ڣͷǿҲûİ취ܹΨиһս
ϵһս
Ӱ쵽壡
һЩȫˣô彫ûƬǿмȥʵþͻ᳹
ġٴξһ֮꣬˷յƾճ֣ڴ£
֮ǣ
һ̧֣㽫ԴƷ֮ʯȡ˳ȻԼԹһ֮ǡ
渡֣Ǳ곹׵ֵ˾֮ͷ޷˺ֺ
ԴƷڷĿģĻȫ˵˷书Ч
˫ֶһε
ԷĹЧĿʼ˷߼ԴƷ׹˲䷢ȼڻ˲˸ӳɢռ֮С
ӣͬһǿΧڡ
ɱ
˲䱬ڻ潫
һ̣һɽͻȻӱڴ۳֣·ɽɢҪϢɫ涼ɢ˿ȥ
Ȼ޷ݻ׹߼ԴƷȴܹ赲ЩڰԱ˺
ɽ֣ɢ棬ٴĳǰ
ţɽյджֱΧⲻһֶΣһƵֶΡ
ȱɽֱܹУܹԾȵĵ£ѶĶ׶ûκζֶε
ϧǡ
꾵
һ̧֣֮˲һ㾵棬˰Χһɽ˻ȥ
εķûжٱҲȱɽҪǿһЩֱӽٵǿĶϡ
ǿһ
æһɫͨòײŽɽڻԼڱƺͱ³
ʱĹˡ
ᣡ
ˮϵֱ̫֮ڶԷճ֣ۣȻ󱬷γһƬֲУеһжҷ
־һ֮߶ֶΣƻ֮ǰָǿһԸͷǿ໹Щǿ
ˣֲһɱ
͸ϢڿռѸӿȥȻ󽫶ڣϢʴԷڣƻöһʱ޷мܡ
Ϣʴ˶ԷڣǺԷһ֮ȻɫâɢųһӽڵϢ˳ȥ
Ҳ޷ɱͷǿǿȻǷǳֲģԳܼǿĹƶܵ˺
͸ˣԷǿǱ˫ɢ֮âз·һ㴣
ɫ˲ӿ·ĩ֮棬ƾշճΧڣռһķա
̫֮ŵֶζ޷߶
һйƣֻӲ
ǧ֮
ʥȻСУ״ֱӴ߶ɾǧںһǧëڡ
˫ڵܶȲʮ໹ǺܴģɱжԸԷû̫ãԷĹҲ޷С
Ǳɫգħ֮Ķᱻյ޷ԭɾˡ
ǧ֮ſһ㱻ɫ籩մŬڲ
У̫ǿˣЩֵס
һۿǧ֮һǧ϶ܿ챻մ֪ƾֶ޷ֵԷƵˡ
һ̣ëӰǧɢȻΧĻͶӰ˽ȥ
ЩëӰȻҲһǧ֮ϳſнӰſķϴг֣
轭
ǧĵڶѼǧ֮汾ÿһëӰɵķϣǧ֮һ£ȴʮ
轭նܹ赲ļ϶ֳԺУ΢оЩ
ûжЩһëӰ֣˷ϣΧɫ澹Ȼһʱ䱻赲סˡ
Щëķ£ɫڳϨȥ
ǧԣ׺÷飬ڲʱˣԷ֮ʱһǿɱûܹɵ֮϶һڡ
ʱ򣬾֣֮ͨ
һ͵ӰȻֲľ֮۶͸Ŀֲʱ֮ͷǿ뵽ʱ϶ȥ
ô˻ᣬ׼ɱˡ
֮ƣ
֮ȥ
֮ǰʼŹ֮ƵЧͻȻԷûһ˿һĵֿ
֮ƺ;֮ͨһԷûκεֿ˼ȫˡ
Ȼ׹һС棬֮ӶԷ϶вʴ̼䵽˶ԷĸȻһϵĳ״ݻ٣
Ըͷǿ֮ѾЩϾȽǿ󣬼϶Ҳôô͸ġ
ܹݻٶԷһģѾ൱ˡ
ھ֮Ķ̶̿ʱڣѾȥݻٶԷĺϵģˣҲѾ춨ʤ֡
Ϊʧһĵı壬ѾûôˣǷʱʧȥһֱ۵һսʧȥ˿ɲֻһ룬Ӱ쵽ƽ֮⣬ʹ߶üѡ
Էѹʱ򣬷״̬ʱ֪ȥ
ɱ
׹
ǿ񳹵ױУȻ֮ʴܿ侫ֿ״̬£ɢ١


1688 ͳ
ڵսʽϿԳ֮Ϊһ֮ͨһûָܹɵشĻôȥսҲͲôˡ
õǣΪֹѡĶ֣ûгԶԸķΧ
ԣÿһֻҪ֣֮ͨԷϾѾˡ
ָоͦõģֻҪŶԷĴ⣬ʩչԼֶΣԷͻսʽҲһ׶ˡ
׶˾ڣһֻܶԸһǿ֣вεڸôһξ֮֮ͨ󣬽ûиȥԸһֻһֻҲ˶
;֡
һ壬ǿʮܶȵڱɱôʣЩͲΪˡ
ھУЩȫһһɾ
ˣЩʬǣȻǵСкеõ˲ٶȽľԴƷˡ
ѾΪŮÿ˶ѾӵԴƷˣµǺȺĲΣҪԴƷС
ȽϲǣȻͷʮܶȵıǿСкУҵһмԴƷ
Էսʱ򣬶ûüóֶΣͱɱˣһоΪ֮ͨЧʵ̫ǿˡ
ԷѾûʲôȻףǶԷʵǿ
ڹУûпӡʲôõĹ֮ƣҪȻĻҲΨһЩĹ֮Чֵܹסһˡ
ϧˣȻˣЩڶˡ
΢̣бСеĶȫΪУȻ׼Ǻ˴ͥг֮ٷֱַǡ
ڴǿСкеõǼмԴƷǽ佻
Ͼθһսͬ飬ȻݺѾӵһмԴƷµмԴƷĻȽϺһЩ
ȻʵŮҲرһˡ
Ͼ̬ȥǽܿõԴԴƷ֮ģжȫֻǸʼѡ
˵ɳѾǵԳˣ彮ѾΪǵ֮
ȥĿ꣬͵ռ㹻
ȰսƷպˣȻ͸õǴͥгˡ
Ů˵ţڹǺӵ˵飬ҪŮȥһˣΪȥиҪ
ҪαװǿıȥѾҳһŵı壬Ҫ취ѱԴѹιͬʱ֤Ϣ⴫ȥ
һ棬Ҫ壬彮Χ彻棬ǰ£õΧĹؼϢ
һҲҪݺѪֲ֮УڲǺûᣬȰѱ尲С
ϢĻǿС
ڱûˣαװǿıֲԭ
˵ڿʼ彮ˣ
е񼣡֮Դȫǵģ廹ǿƵĻ½ȫǨûκġ
Ůȫͷж
ֱӾʹ߶Ӱ֮飬αװǿģȻ˱彮ĺ֮ϣȻбһϢ
һսȫˣֻʣһǿѶָɵס彮ϣǷܷϣӿֳҪ˥ܣ
Ϣ彮ڵȫˡ
ǣǿһλȫѾˣ
ǡǿʮ񾳽ǿߣлвٶǱ
鿪ʼɣƾǿһǸǿлŵȥҲҪһЩǺӳΧɣ
Ļֵס˷Ϯ
ȻǿڵĻĴп϶ܹסģһû⣬ؼӱʵǱ̫ˣٹ궼һָܹԪ
Щô룬ģֻ徳ŶٵԴ
ٱڸϵĸۡУ׼ȥһˣеԴȡһ֡
ȻЩȫȡߣΪĻʵ̫ˡ
ϣ뱣һְԴ󱲣ȫȡߵĻͺܲġ
ȻЩǣһڱ彮УʲôĴڣɵǾͲˡ
ֿƱ˵һȥ϶ͬ顣
ڣֻǱֻʣһô϶Ҫ彮⡣
֮ĸǲͬġ

º
ΪǿѾɵ˺üʮͷҪ뵽彮񣬴Χ壬ʱǱ塣
Ȼ֪ô£ǣǴӺüͬʱű彮򷢶ƣͷ塰ǿҲ̸ܹϵеط߷׷
Ȼ˭Ҳ֪ģΪֵ˶Ѿˡ
˵ʲô£鱨棬кݺѪ֣֮ѾڵĺüһЩȽ϶ˣ֪ЩĴ
Ȼ·棬̫֮ţܶԷʲôطܵһʱϵ
ս棬ÿζֱӽս֮ڣûκϢԴȥֱ̬֣Է֪Ҳû취Ϊܿ
Щ֮󣬱彮ںܸߣо岢û˥ȥ˶
ȻԼҪͻƵɣֱӶȡ˲ٽڵԴ
쾧һƷĴ֮һȡٶöûܵκηΪڿǱػ
ǿҪͻҪԴô赲
׷ϣøǿػĽ򣬰ͲðܸԴȫˣֻһЩҪԴǲܸġ
ϾҲҪչ
쾧һƷĴ֮֮У˵Ǽѵõıˣ彮ÿŲʮö
ڣֱӾѹεö
൱ʮвˣɼѹεĶжôḻ⻹ֻһֶѡ
һЩҩսѹι׼ǺΪԼܹõսͿԷõĵҩ
Դ֮ȵȣһмֱǰ޷ԴһĻܣ
õҲеһСֶѡ
Ҫط̵ʱ䣬Կɲܽ棬мƻĶȡԷڵԴ
ϾһӶ̫ĻǺҲ
Ҳʱͥ˿ʼ½ˣ


1689 
ͥʼµʱ֮˿ʼг
ȳģûܹ̤뵽ľ磬Ȼ߶δ׵ľ磬ȴѾһͨͨͥеõ˲ٺö
˿˹
ٶʮ˵Уܹģܹ̤񾳽Ҫٺֻܹܶ࣬ġ
ҪԵɺϣҲҪ츳ﵽһ̶ȲС
һʼûȥͳǸͥʲôջ񣬶ȥͳһˡ
αװǿıȻ󲻶ϴӱ彮жȡԴͬʱռɳϡ
ܿ죬Ͷɳ˸˽⡣
ڿɳУǿ壬ɾʹһȻһˣ壬ʴ¹оѾ˫С
ʹһ廹Ȼһ壬൱塢е塢ǿ壬ʱȥ⡣
һ㣬ڵ߱ʵ
ڵķչ̬ƵĻҪ꣬ͿȥǣԸһԸʹһȻһˡ
Ȼǰһ˳УмһЩӣôȥԸʮܶȵĳ̶ȡ
ʮıܶȣľž֣ٵõֵ߰ʱ򣬲ʸȥǿ塣
ΪԷܶǿ֮ϣӵԴǿսֶΡ
ԴƷ֮Ƶȵȣȫӵõģ
Ȼһ塢ʹһеʮܶʵ϶ҪȱǿҪǿöģԸһǶԷĶ֡
ǲࡣ
ֻڱ彮ģҲûʲôżȥȰԼʵͺá
мƻʱͳȥøɵڵԴЩԴС磬չʱ
ûʲôжƻʱֱҸƧ֮߶֮򣬹ʱټ򣬸Ůһ
ͥǱߵǺݺ˽ڹ
һʼոһˣǾҶ΢طЧʮأǱҪĻòҪֹͣ
ʱټҶ΢ٶȣŮԽԽ࣬һ󣬶Ҫﵽʮܶˡ
ٶȥ϶׷ǡһֹͣٶȾͻᱻֱѰһ
ԴЩᡣ
һõľҶ΢ֱӽܶʮűطҲأܹʮűܶȡ
һ׵Ļô붼ǲġ
һ֮ǰҶ΢μսˣһɣһǿߣٶȣпջᳬԽ
ڵٶȥĻҶ΢Ӧ֮ڣܹʮűܶȡ
ʱ֮ططЧҲʱټЧҪȻĻô˵Ҳʮϰꡣ
ӵطЧҶ΢뿪ʱټĻҪ۷壬ʮꡣ
;ͣһεĻҪѵʱ伸Ҫ
ͣεĻҪʱȥ
ΪˣžΪҶ΢ȥ㹻ȶڱȶˣҾ㷢ʲô飬ҲҪҶ΢ս
ֻһǾŬ
Ҫ뿪ܳ죬ҪȻʱټ޷άˡ
Ѿ񾳽ĴˣļįȻܹ׳ܵģο϶Ҷ΢ߣҲ̸ʲôį
һʱ䣬Ҷ΢ܶȿҪﵽʮˣ˵ĽҲǲС
ڰľžĵֶˣҿʼ˵ֵͬʱѰӰĵϳ̶ʮ弶
⣬ĵϳ̶Ⱦֻʣ߼
ӰԽԽǿ
ԽԽ״̬˵ʵ㲻ѺãĻľžٶȾͻкܴȵòʧ
ľžĵأܶڴﵽʮűһܶȣܿԽһ
ʵȸ彮ʱ˺ܴȵ
ŮҲﵽ˶ʮ屶ӣҶ΢ıܶȣ಻󣬵ǶѰ֮˵ıܶȾʹʮ
ֻʱټԲǸоԱȽϿٶȡ
ҲֻԶˡ
ʵʱ䲢ûм٣ֻǹñʱټ֮Ҫˡ
һգʱټھʮգЧȻͬ
һ֮䣬ͥг½ţ׸ͥг
ţǳ𣬻ˣֱϦ衢濡ܰ͹ɡ
ܹ½ĳ֣˿ͥеȷǲͬ죬ֲñܹǿʢ˥Ϊӵ񼣡
ֻϧͥ񼣿ʱʵ̫ˣٶʱڣǵȲ񼣿ˡ
ҪõƵĽֻѰȥռ彮ڵ񼣣ڲʺ飬ΪǱϢһ
½ĵµ׼ǾѰ
պڱ徳ڣ֮ͥһΪͥͥĲԶ
ͥһͻῪš
ϧνͥٶʮУжʮУûܹ;бؾ֮·ʺ½ʣѾʴ¹򡣡
֮ܽ󣬾ʹ½ͥȥʺԼط
ԼȲȥˣͥÿֻа˸룬½֮⣬úݺŮȥˡ
ΪһʱŮڹͥٶʮ˵飬ͳƺͽӦ˲ʱ䣬ûܹúͥĽʸ񣬾͵ǸǵĲͺˡ
ǱȽϣͷ
ȻЩǿ߳ɳԼҲ˶˱ˡ
ֵһǣһʱڣ֪ҵҲܶȻָʮʵȻҪһЩ֮ǰĲСˡ
ٹã֪ҵʵᳬԽҲ˵
Ȼ֪ҵӲ˻ǴڣǾͨȱʧǱȽӰۺս棬ѰҲûʲô̫ˡ
ӱµһЩ伮ļУ֪ˣΧ壬ҲһЩϿ񼣡
ʴ¹⸽һ񼣡
֮⣬һЩС񼣣һЩλ彮мϿġ
֮ǰĸһӵУͬ롣
Ȼ֮϶ǵжԵģЩ⽩ֲµʱ򣬻ҪЭ̲УֻĻܶ޷õ˫ֺá
ٹһ꣬һھӦÿʼΪ׼ˣ˵ǺҪģϾû񻯵ͨء


1690 ж
һʱҪ
ǱΧ壬ܹһϿÿʮ꿪һΣÿοֻ
ÿ롣
ͬǣĽһ
һЩ½ܹ룬ʺԼطȴһ
Ľʸ񣬱Ǵﵽʮܶϵ񾳽ǿߣҽ֮õĺô١
򵥵˵еʹ֮ȽǿǿǰԶľ롣
Щᡣ
Ҫȫռˣ岻ܷŹλᣬҲûﵽʮܶȵĴڡ
ھ֪ĻҪ
ȥһ֮ܵʮܶȵģ֮ҲֻҶ΢ˣҶ΢ûҪȥðգֻҪͣͿˡ
ʱͣºҪٶᵽڵĳ̶ȣֵûһʱ䣬ܻòʧܺá
ĻñȥԼ۱ȻһЩ
һ֮и˴ﵽʮܶȣΪ׼С
ţȻΧУһЩ߹ȥЩȫǱ飬飬Ҳ˿ۡ
׼Ĺ̵У˶ڲš
彮ڣҲһƬٵľѾͷͻΪ½
չͷ½ͻƵʱͥһ֮ڣӦܹͥŶԡ
ȻǽȥǴǵƫƧ˵Ľ䣬ֱӸɵˡ
Ǳڵˡ
½֣ҲвĴڣڶ˵ǣ˵ǰ½ȥˣϿһ
˵ȥʱڶ˻ʲô
ڳʱԺ󡭡ôʲô
Ժ飬ûйϵҲֻҪطһ꣬ԴӶˣͿԿǰһ彮ˡ
ѡʱ
ȻҪѱΧ嶼УƿѶȲС嶼ʮ౶ܶȵĴڣ˿ȱ
Ȼǿˣڲܱ¶ݣжв㣬ҪȫӳԼսҲҪ꾡ܵļƻС
֮ǰҪľǰźһУͬʱԼܶȡ
ˣǲҪôֻ࣬ҪͣͿˣڲˣһжҪ˲ģһ˾ܹ㶨
ܶ࣬ҪᣬֻҪдЩԴйصıˣҲǺæ
һ֮ڣ˻һʱϢʱ֮⣬ʣ֮ʱ
˰֮ڸһ¥ľžط˵ֵĵء
ﵽʮܶȣ
밵Ӱĵϴﵽ˵ʮ弶ܶңսֶεĻԸʮܶȵ񣬿˵ǻˡ
֮ǰıǿ񣬱ϾǱȽģʮܶȵ񣬺ܿӵһЩѹ׵ֶΣûôױɵ
ʱ򣬹սƻѾˡ
ۺ˱ڵƣԼΧϢۺϵóһսƻĻ干ͬͳߡ
ڱ壬Ȼǻᱻˣб彮򣬽ᱻ塪ɡռ졣
ȻʱɡĽ򣬽ȫġ
õԴ϶ڱӶģһŸķչռ䡣
ӦķҲǱȽϴġ
һжбݱ¶ôпɳΧˣ˵һجģȷչļƻֱӳͻ
Ȼ鲻ҲУһֱڱĽĻǺʲôֱ
벻ŬܶӶ㹻ԴԼøǿ
㲻Ǻ˷չҲܿ죬½֮չаˡ
ò˶ãܻع彮򣬲Ҫپǿԣһ쵽ʱΪ⸽İ
彣еУҲһ㣬õ˽Ĵڣǳ֣ҲһǶ֡
˼ǣ֪ԼҪǸΣ̽ĵĿռС
֮ǰ͸ܵھĺĿռУӦһ֮Ż޷
Դʴ¹гǿڵʱΨؼ̡

ʣ°ʱ䣬ƻѾϣҪûôﵽʮܶȵˡʱ䣬óȥŬһ¡
ţԱ鷢һչصϢԼֱӴ߶̫֮ţֱ뿪˱彮
Ŀ
Ŀ굱ȻǸ壬Ļʵ̫ˣ̫֮ŵֶΣǺᴩɳ򣬶˵ò˶೤ʱ䡣
ֱӴʹһȻһĽ΢ʶһɳǿķ顣
Ȼ͵˿ɳһߡ
ߣͬŲǿʮܶȵ٣պܱ֣þ֮ɡ
ʥ۴ڱ彮УϺݺѪֻ֣֮Ҫ彮κη紵ݶܲĶĿ
ڶʱ̫֮ŹֻҪ뿪ɳķΧͲñ彮ʲôΣա
ȻжͿʼˡ
Ŀ꣬Ǻ㶨һ彮ڣĴߣ׼Щʮܶϵ
ÿɱһͷͻ뿪Ǹ壬ǰһ彮ɱ
̶һʱ䣬ɵʮͷȫʮϵܶȣҳɹľ֮
ʮʱټЧ

ûֹͣԣ˿ɳ߿ʼɱ
ڸ֮Ϣ϶ụͨɱЩ֮󣬶û˽ϵ
ʮͷ񣬻ÿɱһˣʹһȻһڣҲܵĶ֡
ɱĻͻעˣϵ
Ҳ˵ôɱֻҪ¶Լıݣ;ǻ
ʮı
ʮ屶
ˣûȥˡ
ƽÿ嶼ɱͷǿߣʹһȻһУͷ˭ʮܶȵأ
ɹ֮򲻶ɣЧʱټʮ屶ʱھ֣ص˱彮С
ȻŮһĿĳ̡


1691 췴
նɱôɳȻ󲨡
ȴûκ֪˭ڰ֣Ϊɳе壬⵽˶֡
ڿɳŬϸʱѾʱټ
šϦ衢濡ܰйˣҲѾͥУʺԼط
Ҳһ
ʮ屶ܶȣֻҪһʱ䣬൱һʱ䡣
ʣ󼸸ʱ䣬һµĻһֱ൱߰ʱ䡣
ôʱٿǸһսˡ
ܶȣҲܹüģ½죬ϾκطڿʼʱٶȶǱȽϿġ
ԼѾϾѾľžĵ֣Ȼŵʮ弶İӰϣٶȣվ޷ﵽǰٶˡ
µȵҲܶȶѡ
Ѿܲˣʵһ¥Ըʮܶȵ񣬽øɡ

֮ǰʱ䡣
ڴ˳أһεԼҲҪ̤Уһʵ
һ棬ˣֱ֪ҡݺ¸ʥۣҶ΢ڲٵĹУǲǰˡ
Ȼ뿪֮ʱټ򽫻ܿɢⲢļ״̬ȻᱣţŻɵ뿪
֮ǰɳɱһʱټЧʮ屶պ˵ܶȴﵽʮĳ̶ȡ
ֻдﵽʮܶȣܹ̤뵽С
ɼУܿűĶܹȫߣ
ֱɡ壬ԶһʮܶȵĴڡ
Ŀ֮УĴ£ɡ壬Ҳ׼
ǲһǿӵʮܶȣ
һҲʮ߰˱ܶȵǿڣϾһܷøǿ̶ܴǿġ
ĺûᣬȻֲѰȾָģǳһЩţпǿóλ
˵Ǽõģ
ΪֻҪͷ񶼸ɵôɡУûʲôԵֵĴڡ
ͷ񣬶ѾǿĴڣûдǰȫֻͷȴĿ
˵ҲǸѵֻᣡ
סɡͷȰͷɵ֮ǾܹӵԴˡ
ҪģȻαװɡǿȻͳɡһռˡ
һǺ˵ٶȽ졣
յУʱ򣬱ɡͷǿ񣬸ԷֳӪһɢɫâУڶţʵȴƽӡ
Ȼͷ񶼺Ϥˡ
Ǵǰ
˵ûʲô⣬ΪԷʵѰҪǿô˵Ҳǿࡣ
ܹɵǿھҲܶԸһϾ죬𵱳ɵǿʱʵһأȫѹסʱıǿ
ڶԷͷ׼£򷢶һǿƵĿռϣͷΧǶڣ޷ѡ
ҪӾѣʮܶȵ񣬶Ҫһʱ䣬ǲܴŵһʱ䡣
ڣκܵĻᡣ
ɱ
ųѡ˶֣ûиԷһ˿һķӦʱ䡣
ü֮򣬾˳УڵĲƹռڵĸ񶼲
ʱټЧ֮ڣͷȫ˶״̬С
ţһ˷ͷʣǷɡͷҪھ֮ĸ½ס
һнļƻС
壬μΪ͵壬оͬһСɽһ㣬ɢΰ֮ơ
ܵĳ֣ͷǿɢɱǺĸܵΧеĵ⣬Ȼȴ֣ǻδȫӦʱ򣬶ԷĹƾѾˡ
֮ʱټǵĶü仺⵽˼谭ս
ͷǿ廹˲䷴ӦƵ֮ǰȫһҲ㡣
һҲ֣Ȼ֮ӰܵʱټЧֶڸߵȼ֮УǺټġ
˵Ⲣû̫Ѷȡ
̫ʱ䣬»ʡ
һ㣬һûдԶԷֱ̽ӳɱУ׹ɱĳŶԷڴʩչȥ
ڻ桢ϢϳŶԷڣͼϮ룬ԷҲһʱ侹Ȼ
Ϣ
ԥ߶ͨʱӰ֣һڻȻǿĹֶΣʱ˿̾Ȼ׹ɱһЩ
ԷҲ㣬һʱ侹ȻʼѣҪƣ
ԷҲ㣬ķ׹ɱĻԾɱˡ£ϢЧһЩ
ΪʲôھϢܹЧΪͨԹǿƣϧǰһֱûʲôõϾԷ̫׶ˡ
ڣȴǱá
ͷǿҲ㼫ΪţȻûж㿪͵Ҳ΢
һʼ飬Է֮ҲҲ޷ȥˡ
׹ʼ֣ɱϢҲʼŶԷ֮Ϯȥͬģ֮ƵЧһʼЧˣ˶Էʮܶȣ˼Ѫܶ˽ʮĳ
밵Ӱĵʮ弶ϣڵܶ൱ʮ౶񣬶ֶζҪѰǿʮܶȵ壬û˿ɾµġ
ʱⶸ
ȴͷǿϣ˲伲һŹ·Щ·˸ɢ֮Ϣ
ȻЩ·ȻǿԼԶ֪ҡݺʥۡ¸һ
ǡĳֹ֮ƣ
״ʱһ


1692 ǣ֮
²⵽ԷһЩϡŹֵֶΣȴû뵽ԷĹ֮ƣȻ䱾˶һ
ʱ˿̣֪ҡݺʥۡ¸ȫ֮ƸһȻ֣ͷͷŵɱ׹Ȼǹ֮ƴݵϡ
ǿԷֵ˺Ĺ֮ơ£Ҫɱ񣬿Ǻˣ
һҧҧ
ԷȻӵֶΣûԤϵġ
β֪ǹĻܰ˫ͬʱһɱ˹ȴ˽֣Էһܵ˺Ȼܲܲ˵İΣֱȥͷ
ͷ񷢶Ĺƣ֮嶼̯ȥ˵ϣǳ˺֮ƵĻǲɱͷġ
ô죿
ţʱЩᡣ
ûдһսĻԷҲֱѡԼӣĻԷܵһ˺Ҳ˵ܵ˼ơ
ǿԷֵ˺Ĺ֮ӡ
ǣ֮ƣǧѾ֪֮Ƶ֣֪ƽ⡣
ô죿ǵĴڣ޷ˡ
ŮҲЩǲף취ǣ֮ƣôսֽһֱȥһֱ
ʱ͸Ԥĺܲһ˵һЩ⡣
Щ񶼴뵽УǾͺܲˡ
޲ߡ
ʱȴͻȻһŮһ𴫳Ҹһеİ취ͬʱ취һ¡
õϢ֮󣬶ʱһó취ƺĿöԷǣֱ֮ЧܹöԷ˶ش
԰ɣɡһסǵġ
Ů˵꣬Ȼ뿪ߵսֱӳɡȥ
ͬʱ۳ħһȥסͷʮ౶ܶȵ񣬻һͷסɡʮ౶ܶȵɡǿԼ
һƾˡ
ʱסͷͷǿ񣬾Ը
ǣ֮֮Ȼǿ˺ͬʱܵ˺Ҳᴫݸǿ뵽İ취
ڿʼԱ
ʼж֮ȱ㶯Ƕǿ֣ǶԼ֡
Ա
ֱѡ취ͷǿܵ˺
Ƕһ˵жѡԱʱ򣬻кݺ¸ʥҲѡԱ֮ˣΪħ֮طĴڡ
ôʱѾħ֮˵ڰءھصĳ̶ȣȻûй֮ӡļӳɣҪҲʱѡ
һǱԲͨԱķʽܵ˺תƵͷǿȥ
ȻŮͬʱԱʱǿҲܵ˼ǿ˺֮⸲ŵʯʼϱԱ඼ȫӶǿҲʼ˷ıը
ǣ֮£κ˺˷ֵյ㹻ǿ˺ĻĿ϶ǣϾܶȱȽϵͣǿȱȽȴһˡ
Ϊ˺Ļӵħ֮ĵطָٶʵ̫ˣ
ͷǿȻҲƵطԴԴ޸ܵĴˣٶȴеܸħ֮ĵĻָٶȡ
ʵ̫ðˣŮһʩչʱǿܵ˼֡
⵽ƻóʱǰŮԱµħ֮ĳ״ݻ٣ôŮ군ˣƫƫͷ񶼱ǣס
Ȼ⵽ƻӵսġ
ҪȥɵŮħ֮ģ֪һȻ֪ҵʵܶȴ޼⵽ƻʱ򣬻޷ͻ֪ҵķ
һжķǳ
ԱȻָԱ̶һʱڣֱѭΣÿһԼԼٶȻָ֪ͬҲˣǿ񣬻ָٶûô죬Ѿǧٿס
ģѾ౻ըˡ
ԱĹ̷ǳʹ࣬Ůȴ·ԼһԥľͲԱǿ񶼼뵽˾
Сģ
ͻȻ֪һӲֹŮԱ
Ҳʱǿǿ񣬾ȻҲʼԱԱĻƻԱҪֲĶ࣡
ǸԱϣֻʣħ֮ĵʱǿѡԱĻôǶǳܲסʹġ
֪ҵȣȴֹǽԱԸոջָȥܶԷԱ
ͷǿȻҪ˻ᣬһɵˣϾҲʲô壬ԱŮɵĻҲǻ飬ͬ飬һͻȻֵˡ
ϧǣŮͷֱֹͣһԱ
ǿԱʱŮ֪ͬһͬܵ˼ص˺һԱشȴû˼ֻҪħ֮ĻڣǾͲ
ȻشŮǼ󣬱ȫָˡ
ͷǿԱ֮ĻָٶȾԶԶûôˡ
ֻҪץʱ䣬ԱεĻͷǿֱɢˣǿȻҲʶһ㣬ûмǣ֮ȥ
ֱӽ֮ƸȡˣŮϡ
һɾܽ⼸ͷɵˣ
Ůһɣ˿
ܿǾЦˡ
Ϊţǿٴǣ֮ƣһβӵŮϣӵͷϡ
ѾǿٴʩչֶΣͷһ𣬴Ӷĸֵһгܵ˺
⣡
ڵɫһ䡣
һǾ޷ɱеκһˣΪ۶Ը˭˺ֵȥⳡսΪǴ֮ѵһ
ǣ֮ơֹ֮ƣȻܹóڲͬ÷Ҳͬ
δţ侲ķ
ڶԷͷȫһȻֵ˺һǶȴҲδȫǻ¡
̽ԵĽҳԷһķֱӶ䷢͹
Ů˵
İ취
ǣ֮ƴڣ취ҪֱӲˣӲҲҪиõķУҷϵ͵ĳһͷ֣յЧѡ


1693 ת
ǿǣ֮ƣͷȫһ𣬶˵Щ鷳ˡ
ڣҲֻһ취Ǿǿˡ
ܿ죬Ůһͷ͹շ֣ͷʮ౶ܶȵɡķһЩ䷢ƵĻܹɸ˺Ӷƽ̯ͷϡ
ʱ˿̣ͷǿѾԱһΣʱ޷һָĳطҲûħ֮١
ڳͬ˺£϶ͷǿܲס
ϰɣǿֶηơ
Ů˵꣬ȻȽɱ׹Ȼȥֱӽͷɡϣɱ¾ϢʴڣȻͨǣ֮ƴݵͷȥ
ħȻǣͷɡʹ޷ֵڵֽܿ쾫ܵʴͬʱͷǿҲܵ˾귽ʴ
ɱ׹ĺڰ棬ͨǣ֮ƵЧֱȼյǿ֮Уȼ侫ꡣ
ͬʱŮĹҲܿ콵٣ȻǵܶȲرǿʮܶȣ֮˶Է֮󣬻ܹЩ˺
رŮ֣ʥۡ¸ͺݺԼֶΡ
һ֮ǿһʱ֮Щֲסˡ
ʱһħɡǿɵˣȻɡǿڴٷתţ޾ĿռģγɿֲдҪ˶ֽȥ
ת
ʱڶһͷɡ񷢶ƣûа취ȥֵǿֲĿռУҲʱھѵһΡ
ѵ㣡
תоѵ˵֮ľѼ
ɡǿǿռĴУҪ˳г˺ʱһתŵʱͷֵתѼ۳
Ȼתŵʱ򣬲ܿǿռĴ໥ײһ
ȻתǺۣڽӴǿռĴ֮ȴֱӽǴж˽ȥȻתƵͷɡϡ
ԭ˵ĿռĴУȻת˹ȥΪ˹ɡ
һֲ̣ɡɢͨǣ֮ƣͷϣʱͷǿڼֲסռеƻ˺÷顣
ʯľױɢ俪бһΧɢݶ
ǣ֮ƣʹʧ
׹ȼհɣ
״ûʱȥΪеһξѶϲٶȶǿ񷢶˾귽Ĺƣ׹Я޾ڻ棬Ѹǿȼ
ͷǿľ꣬ڻ浱г޾ʹ࣬û֮Ծ֮ʱټЧĵֿʧ٣ʧȥ˷͵ֵ
̣ǿ
ģС顣
ʱųһ䣬ѵľѼתƺֻҪ̫ǿĹܹתƳȥּ
ľѼ֮ǰϮɱҲ̫ˣڹؼʱʩչЧй֮
ŮҲǼ侪ϲĳпһۣȻҲ⣬ϲã£Ҫսʤȥļͷ͸ˡ
ȻתЧҲһֱֺܱ㶨֪һеĻܹܿʩչĳЩֶԤԼĹתתߡ
һζõʱ򣬾ǳԤϵġ
ոգһԽǾ߱ǣ֮Ƶǿɵˡ
Ըǿɡͷʮ౶ܶȵȥס
Ů˵ţȻиֳɫ
µڣûκӶֵ˼ȻȫԸֻʣһͷʮ౶ܶȵɡûвҴˣֱӾͷ񻯵ľ֮ͨ
޴ͫӰֱӰͷǿɡ뵽ʱļ϶Уʱ֮ڣûа취κζġ
֮
ѹ׵ֶʱŶóһСڻӶԷ֮渡֣ȻͬɵСһ˶ԷУѭŶԷļ϶ܿҵ˶Էġ
ɡһֻһģܿ죬ı㱻֮һСڻȼȼյƻֲݶԷκεֿ
ͷɡֶλǺǿģոսʱѾˡ
ڱ֮ͨʶ뵽ʱļ϶֮󣬾ûκηʲôֶζʩչˣûʶ£˭ܹʩչ似ͨ
֣֮ͨעһͷҪڴˡ
֮ܿ콫ǿɡĻ׷մȵ֮ǿɡʶʱ϶ʱ򣬲źȻԼȻ൱ڱɵˣûκη̵Ļᡣ
ģھ˵ǾԵҪ
ıݻ֮ȫΪһȻǿΪͨĴڣܶͨʲôֶʩչûôǿȫʢʱڵʮ֮һȲϵġ
ȥͺðˡ
֮ʼɡ
ͷǿ񣬻ǿɡ񣬶˾֮ɵʳܿ㱻ɳΪ˳׵֣Ըʣͷ񣬾û˿ѹˡ
ڸ㶨ˡ
ͷ񶼸ɵ֮󣬾֮ȻҲΪͷ񣬶һﵽʮʱټЧ˵иЧ
ȥҪɲ̤뵽УȥԼ
֮⣬ŮҪһԼطҪȻٶȽȽпһӾʹﵽˣɲҪľ档
νҪķطȻлὫĳͨͨǿ϶ܴġ
ҲԼĿꡣ
ʣ¾ֺ;֮ͨûͨеõͨȻǲջ񣬵ͬʱҲϣܹõĹ֮ơ
ոǿǣ֮ƣʶεսУ֮ѾǿӰ쵽սӵи֮ƣսռݸƣ
ҪõõĹ֮ƣûôףҪȻҲᵽڲһӵǣ֮ƵĶ֡
ôĵطѰվҪ߶һЩܹõ֮ƵĿҲҪ߳һЩ
֮⣬սɨɾ֮ڿˡ
ͷǿСкûţ͸ŮпܴŲܹаԴ˵ûбҪˡ
ʱˡ
Ůܹֱ̤뵽С


1694 
С
ˣͨͬڣ̤뵽С
սܵһϮů⣬˷ҫҲ֪Եδ̲ס΢΢˫Ŀ
ͬʱһϤʹ֮Χƹнȥ
ܿģǰ㸡ֳ˵ڹ㣬ЩЯĳЩϤϢһ֪ͨΪͨ
һͨӦǾ˰ɣ
š
˾֮⣬ͨɱ䣬ǰ˳ģԲĻɱͨӦǾˡ
һɱͨǰӰ֮飬ɱԲʱе̫֮籩һսֶΣսУܲþͲض˵ˡ
֪ɱΪ֮ͨ󣬽ᵮʲôЧ

ͷ׼ͨɱ䡣
ϣŮҲı仯Ͼֻʮܶȵǿܹ̤ڣеʹ֮ѰҪǿһЩ
Ůĵһ飬ǳط
һ㣬ûʧܿ㽫طһΣǵطøǿ˸ԲͬطЧ
Ҷ΢طЧŮĽġ
ڣŮҲӵ˸õطЧ
磬طЧܹʱͬʱħ൱Чһӷһ֮ǰٶҪ̫ࡣ
ݺطЧݱܹѪɫļӳڸϣñѪɫļӳֵǿ
ֽ׶εļǿ̶ȣֻһңҲѾǸ˲Чˣŵϣȫʢʱڵս൱һͷʮ屶ܶȵ
ô˺ݺѪɫļӳ֮󣬾൱ܹԸʮܶȵĴˣ
һֲЧ
ŮطЧתΪõĴڣǽȥսؽøǿӦģԵĶ֣Ҳ֮ǰǿࡣ
ǣ֮Ƶǿʼ֪ȥԵĶ֣־ֶ߱εǿڣ
ǣ֮Ĺ֮ƣɳп¶ûж٣ҲֻǿĴڲпܵõԣʮܶȲһֽˡ
ʮܶµҪõĹ֮ƣѶȼ󣬵ʮϵܶȵ񣬾ͺпܵõƵĹ֮ƣʵ
Խǽӽ壬ʵԽǿǿ̶ȱ֮ǰҪֲö࣬ҲǱȻ顣
У֮ǰһʱ·ûκθĴڡ
Ůطõ˭Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ţǱ㱻ʹ֮߶ǰйȥһڿ˹򣬵õ˹֮ƣ˵ֶͨһ˵õһ似
ڵڶ֮ӭǵһսܹͨսôǽõʹ֮ǰûͨսû취ˡ
Ů˵ս໹ǵһϡ
֮ǰһΪĴߣؼµĴڣ϶еǿ͹ơ
Ůȴûôӡ
УֻһĹŹֻ֣ҪָɵǾͨս
϶ú죬ϧĺŮֲһˡ
ϣŽִžжϳݲͬԸսؿҲǲͬģĵͨɱΪ֮ͨʹֱ֮Ӵһտĳ
տУԴ⣬¹⣬ϡ
ȻһƮΣ֮ƮȻƮΣƺûʲô̶壬Եҡϱ״
ǡʲô𣿡
ͷ֮еĳЩ졣
˵ڶطӦҲǽŶԣڵɲǸӣôȥͺˡ
֮еƮΣʱʱ̣վȻɢȥһƬƬԣΧȻ֣ΧԹâȻ·
ѵĳɢ֮ɵģ
̲סţҲȫֻһ²⣬ǰĳóһ²⣬ûʲôܻʵ
ܿ죬ЩԵȴһʶڳԺд˽
ЩʶǱ̫ʱˣģ϶ӣ޷֪о̺ʲôѶϢ
˯ա
żҲ޷κľӳЩͷԡ
ܴڵʱ̫ˣ޷ϸϢҪȻĻЩʶѶϢУӦܵõһЩõϢŶԡ
ţ֣ЩѶϢ׵Ļƺ޷ǰˡ
оΪ鷳ȻҪй࣬ôŪеѶϢҲǱҪˡ
УÿһƬԶ̺ĳѶϢϸ֪п̺ܶϢʱЩдѶϢѾĨȥˡ
Ϊʱ̫ɢǱΪĨȥ
ˣǴƬУõһЩϢЩϢǰûе֪ģû˵
л̺ѶϢԣϸ֪һ飬Ҳ֪˶£ڸһʵ
ȷǣ飬Ǵڵġ
Σ֪ΪʲôϴδΪҪôѾˣҪôڳ˯У
Ϊʲô˯Ǳ˭ɱҲ֪ؼѶϢѾĨȥ޷е֪
ȻʣµһЩѶϢҪһЩ飬ȥѳ˯ŵǶѡ
ϧǣ֪ԷҪȥʲôҲ֪ҪҪʲô飬һȻǸ⣬ȻõһЩؼѶϢȴ˸ʡ
ʧԭΪ˯ˣͬ;۵ʱɱ𣿡
Ȼ
ƬأƺŸ֪Ķ˵˶֪Ķ
˿ˣóҩƵ֯ܳʱ䶼Ѿûг֮ˣ̽Ϣе֪ڱ塢˿ȽǰҲй˵ģĳʱ֮ͻȻ伣ˡ
֯пܲǸ֯
Ҳ˵֮⣬磡
뵽һĿһ֣ɳѵֻһǿյС䣿
֪
ԼܿҪȥ̽ˡ


1695 
֮˵ջ񶼲С
ر
ڴеУֻһͨҲǾֳΪͨȴĵͨǸ߼֮ͨһ仯Ϊ֮ͨûʩչʱ֪ЩʲôЧ
֪
ʱǺͥοռҶ΢ҲǣΪǵط˴ŵģ԰ù顣
嶼ˣҲӰ첻ǡ
ϾǽпһȥǺüʱ䣬˭Ҳ֪⼸ʱ֮ڻᷢʲô
ɡǱ߲ҪģȻô׼Եǿһʱ䲻ڡ
ʵ֤ǴʱʱѾȥꡣ
ʱ䣬˵㳤Ҳ̣ȴǾ˺ܳʱ䣬ͬʱַ·һ˲һ֮еʱţʵ׽͸
ɨһΧ֪ڵŮǸԱ仯С
ÿ˵طõ
ÿ˶Ľ
ҵĹ֮ơ绪֮ƣвԹˣǿԸ긽һ㱣ϣ㱣ϺǿǱҳʮܶȵǿߣʩչרŹֶΣ޷ơ
¸˵
绪֮ƣҲֻжԼã޷˵ľ긽ϱϵġ
˾ѾǳˣЧѾԽľ֮طر¸ͬҲ˾֮طģϵĻ˵ڵ¸裬ǲẦʲô񹥻ֶˡ
ϵøӽܣħμǿʼںһطƷҲܶһӵֽħĿֲӳԶԶ߱
ڵȻҲǲʮܶȣȴܹʮ屶ǿĶֶսսŮһЩ
οħӽϣںϳ̶ȸߵĻսøǿǳԽܶȵĽϣƣҪѧѧġ
ݺ֮У˽һͨΪ֮ͨ⣬һ˸ǿطЧѪɫ֮ӳϣǿʮ֮һܶȡ
Ǽ侪˵ֶΣ˵ѾԱȵϰ˼ѪЧˣοûʲôֶ֢ΣȺЧ
ɼĲΣǹ֮ơطֶ֮øǿᣬӵһĹ֮ƣһطЧսİԶ׼ġ
ʥ۵ջ񣬾ͱȽһЩˡ
˰طٴһ֮⣬ֺһ·֮пһЩƮѶϢЩѶϢƺǸѪеϵϧǣЩѶϢһüģ˿ĨȥһС
⣬ͨɱܹͨͨҲֻһˡ
Ҫ֪̤֮ǰͨģʥȴԼ̤һ񼣣ͻƳΪ񣬵ʱûʲôͨɼЩڸеõĽ٣ͨΪͨġ
û뵽УȻܹҵйԼѪϢ
ȻѶϢ٣ģ壬ȴǰδе鲨Ϊһֱ֪ǰʲôģΪʲôڵİ壬ֻʣôһС֧
ԼΪʲôܴϹһֱԵڲѹ
۵ʱʲô
һжǸա
Ҫ̽ѰĴ𰸣ҪȥŬС
֪ͨε֮УǰѾ۵յĸӴˣܶڻָʮ屶ĳ̶ȣ֮ͨҲӳ졣
϶بż֮սҲ˺ܶࡣ
УҪͨӳһ£һҲΪͨ˵ҲһܴĽˣΪһȱݵĴڣڳѰǿߵĽŲ
ܹﵽ߸֮ͨĵôʵ᲻
֮ȻȥǱ߰ɣȻҾͿʼȥɡƿصС
Ů˵ţȻֹ̧һ̫֮ţȻ̤ȥŮţܿص˱彮С
۲һ壬ȥ巶ΧڵǷ˲ӣ޹ؽҪӣ޷ǾΪǿı彮еЩҶѡ
ЩңԱеĲַӣЩһҪûø棬Ծ͹ĵһϵ飬ͼоȡԴӶչ
ļһʲô嶼еģϾ˽ģڱûñڵЩһҲûʲôΣС
Ǳʱ򣬺ܶΪԸļһͻӿֶЩһȻǶ˵ҲǺͷ۵ء
Ըɡʱ򣬲ɡ񶼸ɵˣ׼Щͳ
̣ò϶೤ʱ䣬ҪԴתƵԼֵ£ȴҪһЩ˼Ȼ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôѶȵ飬ʩչСֶξͿˡ
ʱǿֻҪֵ̫Ҫ϶ֻзӵķ֡
ͬʱֻαװһͷֵʱһͷȽֻ˵ˣһʧơ

һȥ
Ѿѱ塢ɡĽȫͳΣҽеԴȫȡϣ
˴ķչɹϲ˵ġ
Ǻ˵У˶Ѿﵽ߶δ׵ľ磬ֻһ̤ΪĴڣڼһ񼣿ʩչֶԼ̤Уж½񣬷ֱѪ䡢˪Ħիˡ
Ӫе½ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽǿ
Լľž˵ֵĵھأӵʮܶȣʮ弶İӰϣ൱ӵʮܶȣ
ֶΣкݺѪɫļӳֵĻȫԶԿʮܶȵˡ
һ棬ƳⵤҩרãЧĵϳ̶ȣԭ˰Ӱ֮ⶼʮϣڣʮϡ
ȻľžطЧ£ϳ̶ȶֻʣ¾żʼ߼ҲҪǿ١
ٿĳЩзƵʱ򣬲Ե̫ϾԵϣҲӰ쵽Ըĵĵֿġ
УҺʥ۶һЩѶϢЩѶϢ̫ģˣҪ˽͸ЩѶϢøǿҳ̤УСЩʥֻܹʮܶȵԿǻȥʱˡ
һâ


1696 Ȼ
彮У˼š
δΪʵǷֳĸεģʮܶȾһݣϣҲֻȻһʹһĿˡ
Ŀǰǿ϶ȥģΪʵ̫ˣԷ֮УʮܶȵĴڣûôһɵ
οȻһʹһУǼ࣬λһٶٶ࣬ȫڻ£гʮܶȵĴڣвʮͷ
ȥ鷳Ļˡ
ʱֻܼ
ȥҶԷ鷳û鷳
ڿɳУȻһʹһ൱ǿ壬Զ壬ӵһЩͳȨģ彮Ȼһ֮䣬ֻһе壬ͱʵࡣ
Ǵһ֮Ȼһ񣬱һ·ܿ͵˱嵱УҪա˰ҲԴ
ǴȻһĳҲȻһѲӵжһջһЩԴһѲһɳһʲô쳣Ϳٶȷ֡
˰ѲӣÿһΡ
ڲˣȻһͷʮ౶ܶȵǿߣ˱彮ʱ̾ͷ˲ԾĵطΪУôһͷǿ֮⣬ʧˣ
ǵ˰ѲӣҪһ峬һӭӵģдûʲôΥأڣǰȴֻбǿʵ̫ˣ
ǿ֪ԷǱ֮ǰӶᣬȫˣеļ½ڶУ޷ӭӡ
Ľͣûǿܵô龹ȻûϱȻһ壬̫ˡ
ͷʮ౶ܶȵĴڣȴҲ޷ʲôֻܰȻ뿪˱彮
ҪֱӸɵһһ뻹ûбҪΪһﻹҪԶĵطȥһȦһӱ׼ʱˡ
ھɱȻһʮ౶ܶȵôͱ׼˴ˡ
ϾȻһ϶֪˵ص㣬ӶһʱϹӦٶȲĻ¸ɱһͻᱻȻһǿ߸Χˡ
ȻȻһĲˣ͸뿪ˣصȻһĽȥˣͬʱԴһȻһʹһľʵҲ˽⡣
һȻ㵮һƻ
Ȼһʹһǿɳǿ壬ƻԲ˼ʱҲ԰ȫΪڵʵǲˣ֤ȫĻʲôطࡣ
ܿһƻǺˣ̤һ̫֮ţֱȻһĽԽȥü̫֮źһƬде
Ƭ򣬱ȻһĽ
ƬУȫڣǵɢɫΪȻһĽУ鲼֮Դȫɢɫâ׺ǿա
ѰǿգȫǴ֮ɫֱ
ǿе֮״εˣЩۣȻһܹռĵطΪչ򣬵ȷӵʵ
ĵطܹչ壬϶ҲǶȻϵˣȻһѡƬзչƬѡȻһ塣
ѡһգʼްɡ֮ǰɡ塢ǱߣԴѾȡòˣʣµ޹ؽҪҲûжʱڻῪģκεطһġ
ݺѪ֮ɢųȥʵѪֿ֮ĿҲ˰ɣ

ݺͷ֮ǰҵѪֻ֮ԸڶʮܶȵϲŻ᲻֣ȴаʮܶȵ񶼷ֲˡ
̽ϢͿˣ˾͵úͿˡ
˵ͷԸȥ
ʱ򣬲Ǻ˶ﵽ߶δ׵ľ磬ЩӣҲﵽ˴׵ľ磬в߶δ׵ľ硣
û֮⣬ʵѾǿˣϧôǿҲֻǵӶѣȻǶԴ廹ǲģҲûнǵʹá
ĳЩǵȷЩȥӦģҲһЩԴΪڹ˵ѾǷǳõˡ
٣嶼ڱǿĹ̵УǰЩӵĽ
һǿڣ˵һͳ򣬵ʱǹĺ󱲣ҲҪΪӣȡһ֮
ǿߣҲͻǿǱȻ顣
οԹĳԱġ
⵼ǺӵŶսǿ࣬ӣȻѾʮ׾ţ׾Ż߶δǿߣ
Ĵ׾ţ壬Ǽټ
⣬ñ塢ɡȫԴľţ
Ȼһʹһ壬ǿ壬ҲܻôԴ׾ŵģΪĴ̫ˣһٸͨ׾û㡣
ҲǺ٣ôԴȫϣÿƽֵԴʵ̫ḻˣﵽ߶δ֮󣬻ûùÿ˷䵽Դݶ
Լȼ֮Ȼѡһ漣׷棬˶ľ磬񶼽ߡ
ֻҪлᣬǻܴĲΣ
Ǵǰ붼顣
ȻһĽУʼ
һƬʱټʮٶţʱټЧ£ǵٶȼֱﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡ
ϧǣûдﵽĴڣ޷ܵʱټӰģҲ˵ֻܹܵٶȼӳɡ
Ȼͬôʱȥʱȴֻȥʮ֮һЧʿ֪
һܹʱڴﵽߵĲΣӶջع壬ȥԽвȻ뿪ʱʩչֶΣʱţԷܿܿһЩ֮ġ
彮֣ǾͲ̫ˡ

ҲȻһУʼʱѪֵ֮ɢȥΪǴȻһĸϢ
˰ѲͷȻһǿ߹֮˵һ±彮˹ȥʱȴֱѾһûˣڵɡ塢ǿҲһʧ


1697 ƽ
֮̽Ȼһ˼ŵ״̬
ȻֻǱɡ塢Ǳ߳飬ȴԲһС£ڿɳʷ϶ûгֹ⣬Ȼһǿߣȫˣ
ϴιʱһǿ
šĳֿð뵽˿ɳ򣬲ҽ塢ɡǿ񶼸ɵˣͳ塣
Ȼһĵ£ð߹ȻǰԴȡòˣ뿪ġ
ðںδ
᲻Ȼһʲô뷨
Щǲòǵ⡣
ⲻ֪ѾȻһƬеǿս֮Уڰ۲ȻһһС
ȻˣʱǲҪˣȻһ徯ĺǿҪȻһ⣬ƾǵʵǲ̫ࡣ
뵽
ܿ죬ݺ㴫Ϣ˵ȻһЩµѪ֣֮һȻһ鷢˱Ǳߵ֮󣬱㾯˼һм顣
һѪָ֮ӲЩǿȻһļ⣬ȫų
ˣǶϹӡǶҵҲܡɣ񼣵ϢѾõľûҪôˣȵ񼣿ʱٺúüƻһ
Ȼһ彮򸽽쿪ľʱŻῪ
ʱڣǴȫġ
ֻҪľž֣˵֣ôܹӲЩʮܶȵ˵ֶηԷҲо֮ͨɱڡ
ɱѾܳʱûжˣǾǾ
ΪС֮ûжսҪǣһޱȿֲıô࣬ɿ͸ڵɭȻʯ
ֻҪεĴڣžĻ϶ֻ·һ
ԴŲɣҲäĿţƾһֱĸоóȷнۡ
ζƣ˾֮֮ͨˣϾ֮Ǿ˾۵Ск֮ɼȾ֮Ҫ߳һЩΡ
ȥ˱Ƭ޿ռ
ʱټУʮʱټٶʮ
һ֮ԭȵ½šϦ衢濡ܰ͹ˣѾﵽ˶ʮܶȣѪ䡢˪ĦիλûܹΪǶṳ̂õطء
֮
ľžһ֣ӵֵھأһԾֵĵһأ
ܶȣ˴ʮԽʮ
ٶȼֱֲŹȥʱ䣬ʱټڵˣѾʮʱ䣬ôʱ䣬ôĽҲȻˡ
ʮܶȣʮ߼İӰϣɾܷӳʮܶȵʵ֮ƺͰ˼ѪԼںݺطЧʮ֮һӳɣôѾԶԿʮܶȵˡ
ʮ߼İӰϣﵽѰĵزЩ񣬾ٶֶΣԵϣҲֻʮ
¿ҲܴﵽĲΡ
ʮ߼İӰϣܶ൱屶ʩչӰԸͨʱٶȺ˺üԶѰᲢۡ
֮ԵģĵϾֻʣ߼ˡ
⻹ֻľžֵԵʣھ֣ھɵĻǾֻʣºĵϡѾòҲ̶ˡ
ȻⲢӰ쵽̫ս
ֻҪӰϼ˵սܹԿǿ߽ԽԽǿ
ŮҲС
ʥۡݺ¸Ůʮܶ˽ʮϧûͻƵʮϾÿʮܶȶһʱ䣬ƿôͻƵġ
֪Ѿָ˰ʮܶȣʮʱ⣬ͨҲѾ¯ָ࣬ʹѰ˵ͨû̫ˡ
ʵѾ޽ӽʮܶȵ
ǶҪע⣬ĻǵֶξԱ֮ǰҪǿö࣬ȻһİʮܶȴڣĲ˵߼ԴƷеģҲмԴƷȫЩԴƷ÷ġ
˵ЩʮܶȵȻһ壬ҲпܳһЩڣǷսһܴ⡣
ס
Ů˵ͷ
ȻҲԸЩʮܶȵļһбУǱסԷ˵ҲпʩչʲôֶͻȽŮնɱĿԲò
֪ҵܶȣǻָ˰ʮҲӵ֮ͨΪͨҪ˵սֻܱȵȻһʮܶȵĴڡ
⻹ϴﵽʮ֮ܶʱС
Ϊǵʵ̫ˣ˵ʱ̣˵٣ĵطǽȥĴԶԶǿ͸Ǵ˲ࡣ
̤֮ǵսҲԶԶȲЩģս鷽ҲԶԶ㣬οԷ߱ȫĸ߼ԴƷ
ڵɱﵣ֪֮жˡ
֮Ѿɱ֮һ
Щʮܶȵ˵ȴֻܿѰбǿ÷ӳ߼ԴƷǿ
Ȼһĵ̣ɲǱȡ
Ǵ˲֪µǿ壬еٰʮܶȵڣÿһͷĴȥữһԴƷڸ߼죡
˵Ȼһеĸ߼ԴƷԲ١
٣ȻһʮܶȵĴڣ϶и߼ԴƷġ
ʱľʣ°ʱ伴һʮûƣֻҪ̤УĿľϡ
ҪȻҪ⡣
μȻһ巢սʷѵһΣˣһ£ԼѾ޷Ŀˡ
ԳԽһ硭ʹһ塣
žâ
Ȼһʹһǳͷȥϵʹһ壬֪йľϢԷǻԸһŵģֻҪа취ʹһ˴Ȼһ彮ľͿˣ
飬ԺмƻǲеģֻܴһЩҪĶǰʹһ彮һˡ
ʹһ彮򣬸Ȼһ彮ڣǼǿա
˵̫֮ŵĿԽ£㲻ʲô


1698 
ľ
һγɵҶï֦ɴ׳֦ȫһȻ˵һƬ֣һ
ĵȷȷһ
ľʣʱ䡣
ȻһǿߣѾ⸽еȴãľҪȻһ弴ӭһ֮󣬲ٵõ˽Ȼһ񽫻һ¥
Ȼһȴ֪һǵļƻѾʼ
֮ǰʱ䣬һֱܵʹһ彮ǱȥȻʹһд̽ϢͨαװȵֶΣ𽥸ʹһĸ߲ȡϵҸ֪йľ顣
ҪǣԼ̫֮ŵĴ̬תʹһĸ߲֪
ʹһľ뷨
ֻҪľһΣֻҪһжɹĻľȫʹһ壬ҶȻһʷĴ
̫֮ŵĴڣʹһľ뷨ʹһ彮չ̫֮֮ǾͶֶƳ
ʹһ޲ֶԼõģϧǸˣʼΪá
һΣܹȻһشĻʹһ˵ҲǼõġ
ʹһУֻǸʮܶȵ񣬸㲻ʲô̫в³֮ɵҲûʲôϵ顣
ƻˡ
ֻ֪֪ܵһʱ䣬ʱֻҪ̫֮ţʹһǿǰľоͿˡ
ڵǲ֪ľʱ꣬ΪûԵľȴ֪ľķλλãʱȻ̫֮Ҫͨľȴûκ⡣
ľǰ졣
жʼ
̫֮ŵİ棬ȻľյУһͷʮܶȵʹһǿΪףʮʹһҲʮܶȵĴڡ
һͷʮͷʮͷʮ౶ģóɳгȻһ֮⣬ѾȫǶˣԿκ嶼ᱻ˲ɷ顣
ݣԸȻһȴǲŸոպã
ʮһͷʹһ񣬳ľյУȻ̱֧кüͷʹһ֣߶󣬾Ȼռȫε
ʹһ壬Ȼһ壬޷ͨ뿪
ͬģκϢ޷ͨϴ
֮飬Ҳ֮ܵҲһ
Ϊ˷ֹʲôֽţʹһȻ᳹һսʱֻԹ۶ֱ֣Ӱ֮⡣
ֻϧǲֶ֪Ρ
ϡ
֮ʱƵƵϣұ״Ұɳ֮ɡ
ľΧǲ֮⣬۲еս
õ鱨ûдȻһǲԱʹһ˶٣һͷʮܶȵͷʮͷʮϸʹһһ
ڣʹһ׼֣ȻһȺȴû뵽ʱʹһȫûս׼ġ
⧲֮£ȻһһӾͳ˴ͷʮܶȵȻһֺɱֻҪɴ࣬ʹһǿֵƣ
ңҪսдҲѣҪںˣ̫ˡ
ɵĿųС
ȻֻǶľһҪ֪ľʮģ
Ҫȫ
ڽ֮Ҫβ˶ȫȻһĽǾ֮ˣֻһļƻƻܲܳɹһ
һƻѾɹǾʹһȻһ໥ʷϵĳԹʵ̫ˣֻҪһ;ԲŹشԷĻᡣ
ǰͷʮܶȵʹһ塢Ȼһ񣬶Ѿһ
ܾˣ˵õģĻԶԶ
ȻһϢȻһĽУʹһͻȻϮľϢ˳ȥ
ҪսÿҪʧͷʮܶȵУվȽŸĻʼ޷ȵ̤ľ
Ŀֻ꣬һľҪõȻһ塢ʹһԴȫռУ
սͬʱɵôʮܶȵֻһͷΣգԷ˫ս֮ɶˡ
ϢȻȥȻһпʼԱ
Ȼһ񼯽һͷʮܶȵȻһ£ֱӴʱľϹ
ʱʹһҲԣôȻһԮˣ
ǷϵߵԹ𣿿һ־ȫװս׼ʲô£ѵǡ
ʹһĲ񶼿һ֮ȴö˶˵ĴǣʲôûʮܶȵСӣҪϢҲôġ
ȴ֪ͨɵطЧдϢģɵطЧǽ
Ƕ̾ĻطЧֻһСС似ʲô鼶似ؼ似Ȳϣʲôʲôã
ؼǣɵĽطЧݷΧȻܹﵽٸ
ٸ൱彮һٱ
ȻһĽ򣬶ûٸôԹֱӴϢȥȻһѾ֪ˡ
Ȼȴ֪ϢģΪɵϢȫͬɭȻ֮Ȼɣˬ֮⣬Ȼͬ
ʹһ壬ǽϢȻһ壬֪ǷϢ֮ˡ
ȻһյϢˣʹһ״Ƕʹ˸ɫ˼ҲҪȱ̵ܹҲֻҪȱĻֻһ;Ǿ̫֮š
ָ˸˼ˣ˵Ҫľ
ʱóһʹһ˵ʲôΪ׵ʹһǿߵͬˣϽȥʹһ
̸ʵȴϲּʲô
Ҫȫ
ܿصʹһǱߵ򣬰ʹһõ񶼴˹̫֮ţþüβܰ͹͹ʱ϶ٵЧսһʱ
Ϳܲܳûһˣ
Լ˼ۿľޱȵļս


1699 ֲս
Ȼһʹһ˫ԹѾá
ĴսǺٻֵģϾǿ߻϶ǳٻԷƵĻᣬ彮߽ϽսʱҲЩ׾š׾ȥսżһЩսģҲ
ÿʮ꣬ҲһЩȽϴģսΪһЩͻȻֵԴ彮߽總ĳЩ֮ԴУ˳Ʒ֮Ʒ֮֮ģЩ֣϶ǻ˫֣ģսġ
˫ڲĴսڻǵһΡ
ʹһ廹Ȼһ壬ûʲô취뵽ԷĽ֮ȥΪʵ̫ˣҲֶֻ̫֮Σпܴôһ𴩹зڲ
ǰͱһѵһĳս
½ǰʮܶȵսѰͼģȻһʹһĵط˫ʮܶȵ񶼲ڽ߽սϡ
ڣȴľˣˡ
£ǵ֮أⳡս˭ʤ˭ʵ̫˵ˣһʹһӹʱʹһսԽ˱Ȼһ壡
ҪʹһƻѾ׼˺ܾãȻһʱǲȻȲʹһսģ
˫սҲʼ
Ҫһѵ㣬ȴ˫ȫɵɲһ򵥵飬Ҫ֪˫ǶаʮܶȵĴڣľǿеģһͷ
ͷ
ͷʮܶȵÿһͷǿǵ˵ܶȣ˵ۺսȥĻԲ⼸һĶ֡
磬һɫģİʮܶȵȻһ񣬻кüֲƲϳΧɢȻúԶȴҲϳǺüֹ֮ͬʱã
Ȼ֪Ǽֹ֮ʲôãʣֹ֮ƿɲô׶Ըġ
ǹ֮ơ֮ƣѾ춨ڵͶε޵л˵ǿȻһȻӵֹ֮ơ
򣬿ĳ̶ȱҪߣھֹ֮ƣ޷ȫӡԺУΪĹûô
ɴ˿ɼЩƵİʮܶȵʵǺεȿֲ
ǻɫȻһֹ֮Ƶ£һͷʹһİʮܶǲϱͨһнһʩչϵֵֹ֮ơ
Ҳй֮ƲϷȻûжԷĹ֮ô࣬ȴҲܹȶսֵá
ǲ֪Щ֮ƶЩʲôЧ
ţ۾ȻϣԼҲܹӵиĹ֮ơ
֮Ǹ߽ʱܹӰսĶܶȶ£֮ƵǿЧûӰ쵽սӮʤ
սĳУ߼ԴƷ
Ƕ֮ײҪ߻һʹһĹƣƾԼһ˵ĻҪɵȻһЩǲܵģԼп
Ǽ˾Ҳһ
ϵǿ壬˵ʲô취ԸҲ˵ϾżĶȻһ˽Ŀ϶֪Ķöࡣ
ʡ
۲ųսٿ˺ü߼ԴƷȻһʹһǿƿأ߶ʩչһЩֲֶΡ
ЩֶΣ֮ͬһһֱɱУɱУʮܶȣȴҲ޷ָɵΪͬҲӦֶ
׹ǹ͵ĸ߼ԴƷЩȻһ塢ʹһУз͵ĸ߼ԴƷ֮Ĺƣû˿¡
Ȼһʹһǿ֮ˡ
Ǳ壬ɡ壬壬û취Ტۡ
嵱УҲֻн塢ͻе壬ǿ壬ܹƽƽˣڡҪһЩ
Ͼɳͳ򣬻Χʩ˰֮ߣõԴƽҪ١
ҲҲûսȻһ塢ʹһȽϡ
ľԴƷʮÿһͷսжӵһԴƷҺгԴƷҲмԴƷ
мԴƷЩҲܷӳֲ׹ΪѾȫЩԴƷܹӦеھԴƷӵе÷
ÿһԴƷӵ÷ġ
֮׹ĵһ÷÷ûб֣ЩȻһʹһԴƷ϶ܹ÷мԴƷܱȵ׹ˡ
Щ߼ԴƷ͸˵ˡ
вشȻ˺ͬϢҪɱһ֣ܹеɱҪȻģֻҪȺƬ̶Էȫָսˡ
ҲżʼԱˡ
սһʱܿ͹ȥˣʱ䣬񶼴ڼ俺ܵ״̬£ʩչ˰ٷ֮ٵʵȥĵڶ죬Ϳʼмֲסˡ
ȻƵģЩֶζ̫εĻС翪ʼ𽥱Ȼ²ȻһʹһС綼ʼҪˡ
ǿͷʮܶȵȻԸǿֶζƴûκƣСıҲ·ңңڡ
ȥĻľҪˡƺʱ䣬Ƶʱ䣬ҲʹһԼµģͿʣʱ䣬ܲȡþԵսˡ
ΪֹȻһսͷʮͷС翪ʼ飬Ѽսʹһߣսͷ񣬾ͷС翪ʼ顣
֮£ʹһʧҪСܶ࣬ҪΪһЩѹȽС
ƣԵ춨ʤ֡
رһȻһ彮Ҳʼľڵս
ȻһԮࡣ
ȴʱʧˡ
ʹһ岢øԮʹһȴһ㣬ʼ׼׼ģǵȻһǻҵʱ򣬷һ
طȻǸʹһ̸õġ
ڵѾȻһ彮طʼЩȻһ򷢶ƣɱΪͨľ֡ЧģԼ֪ء
Ȼƾһ˵ӰȽСڹɵĽЧ£ľߵļս彮֮ⶼ˳ȥ
ΧһЩ壬׷׷ˣ


1700 Ҵ
һˣȻһ彮˵ʵԵ̫Сˡ
߼սϢݳȥΧȴȻһʹһսȻܳһʱ䡣
Ȼһ彮еΧЩҲ׷׿ʼжȻһû١
ʹһ嵱УǻźܶײҴ⣬Ȼһ壬ʱȴǼ񶼵ľǱȥսˡ
˵ܹܿѹʹһ壬һȻһĽоͻܶˡ
ΧһЩȻƽʱҴȻһ⣬Դ̰һԭʼֻҪڣͱضᷢãڻһȻһĽ򷢶˹ơ
ЩƶǰеģֱӳȻһĳЩԴ֮أû£Ȼһֵס˭֪
£ȻһԴ֮أЩԴͱ֪ĶָˣпĳǺʮܵԴҲпĳһֱдȫһ̱ߡ
Ȼһ彮Уϰٸĵط⵽ϮϢܿʹݵľȻһǱߡ

֣֮ľͨٻľ֣߱ѵ߱ԽսԽǿԣ
ÿɱһȻһĶ֣ܹʹԷΪһͷµľ֣Ȼʼľֿͷ֣øǿˣ񻯵ľͨ۳ʱ򣬾½εľ֣
Ǻεȿֲ
һʮͷֱֳɵ˸ʮϣʱ䣬ʮϵȻһȫɱȻʮͷҲѾɳΪ൱ʮ౶ܶȵڡ
ɣ
ٿʮͷ֣ȥ΢ԶһЩ̫֮ͨתƵص㡣
ֻҪƾֶȻһǻͷӶȻһʹһ֮սƽģڣҪԶԶֹˣȻֿԲǾһ·ȥ
Ȼһǲ˲ڲЩ飬ƾЩ񣬸ܰô֡
رߣʮͷֶѾɳɳ൱ʮ౶ܶȵĳ̶ȣѰܹԸ˵ģ
ο̫֮ŵֶƾ֮£ԷһžתƵԶɱ¾ȵԷٵõϢϹʱЩ־Ѿ˰ˡ
Ǳɳ൱ʮܶȵˮ׼̶ȣоǵĳɳٶȱü仺Ҫһ¥ǲܵˡ
Ҳ˵ֵĳɳޣұܶȻйϵģʮܶȣЩ֣γɳǲܳԽҵġ
ţˣҲѾ㹻ˡ
ʮͷ൱ʮܶȵľ֣ڵ˵ֱ˵콵ȥжżѵİ
ϧЩ־õɳɳʱҲֻǴԭڵ죬һ㷽棬û̫ı䣬ҪȻĻһֱѵ֣ɽ޵еľ־ˡ
ڵһЩ壬˭ֻ׾źʹ׾ŵģҲɾš
ǾֿԳõĻ齨־ˡ
ϧϧ
պʮͷ֣ȻȻһ彮伣ˣЩһֱ׷ټȻһǣȴȻʱ̹עţоֳֵϢⲻ֪ԶòϢˡ
ΪڵѾԼĿģӶصľ
ڶȥ
ľʣһ졣
Ȼһ彮еıңòȻһ񶼻ȥˣľߣ˫³ƽʹһռȻȻһʼմơ
ȥľпܲ
Ѱ֮䣬£ܾܿԺˣϾһľҪһұ㼸Σ
Ȼһʹһ岻ͬ
˫УȫսܸԷ̸
ڴ̽ǰ֮£ŻƻҪȻ˫һ̸ɾˣܻ뿪
ڶ֮˫ʧһԵһͷʮܶȵǿߣѾ뵽С缴״̬УĳЩֶʹùˡ
͸˵ˣڻܼսģһʼһ붼
ʣһʱ䣬֪ʹһҪˡ
˫ЩиʱʹһͷİʮܶȵǿߣȻ䱬ױȵĿֲ֮ǰǿơ
ǡ֮
״ʱһ
ôҲû뵽ԷȻᱬ֮ȻǽȴҲóǸͬһڴʹһϱ˲ھȫ
ȻԷδȫ֮
һֽɫ̺һԵֿϣ·һ֣ȫ֮С
ˣ塢еͽ֪֮ҿ˽ΪˣܱܿΪгֹĴڣ˽Ĵڣ˵Ҳп
һȻһʹһ۷Ҳˡ
ĿתĶųе
ԷĽɫûлϢ·ȫֻ֮âڹĵķ룬ȴǱȹ̫࣬Ϊ֮ĲΣ̺ŵģ֮ǰһЩϢڡ
һ̫ǿˡ
ԼȡֶΣԿĴڣֻ·һ
Ȼȥ˺ܾãǼǵԼ˵ʱ̣ʱԸЩ½ͬԸֽһܽԲԷûκεֵ
һֱڣоõԼı壬ûдﵽ˵ǸΣսǲܴ
ڣʹһǿ񣬾൱ǵĽˣ
˵սεȿֲ
ڣǰͳһ൱ڽսĴڣʶҪȻһʹһвһ֣ûô׵顣
ûӦ䶸
ʹһǿ񣬱ɫâ֮ҪѶֵͷʮܶȵǿɱʱȻһԵľУͷųһֲɫ
⣬ֱͷʹһǿƺҪݻٷ飡
ʱһͷʮܶȵʹһͶâ˸֣γһֲķϣͷųɫǰ
ʹһ׼ɱС
û²⣬Ӧǡ
֮Ӧĳʹƣʩչĳͷʹһȴ׼һ֮һ֮ͷӴ˴ﵽѸȻһĿģ
ˣʱ۾һգգ֪һ̳оҪֳʤˡ


1701 Ʋ
ʹһ壬֮ɫâҫǳƬжĽռݣңԶ̺֮ܵĿֲƻ
֮Դﵽһٱܶȣ
;ȫ֮ⲢͷʹһΪ飬ΪʲôΪõԼ𣿡
ųеԺв˼Щ⡣
һɫâͷʹһǿϱֱӳΧȻһȻȥֲƻ˲䴩͸ͷʮ౶ܶȵȻһ
ʱ򣬴ľз⣬ҲѾһͷʹһϡ
ͷʹһȾʹʮصķϣһŷ͵ĸ߼ԴƷǵ÷Ͻںϣγһ漸޷͸ϡ
ϣҪĻ»ҹʱ䶼ܹơ
ڣľ⣬ȴһӽ㽻ɵķϸ
Ȼһ̣㽻ķȴת˿ռλãȻ˲ֳǵľǰһνֵ
ϻϱλãòͬĵطȥֵǵ⣬ֱϳױǵ⾹Ȼһϡ
֮ͨԼ似Ľϣʮһֵͬ㽫ǵ⳹ɢյС
һ⣬ɵֵȴȻһʧأʹһǿڣʩչ֮Ȼһͷɸɵű㳯һͷʮܶȵȻһϮȥ
ɫЯɱ¾֮ƣɹᴩͷȻһʹ飬Ұܣһ˲ҵת䡣
ֻһʱ֮ڷ顣
ʹһ񱬷֮ɱͷȻһǿߣͬʱľƲ⣬ȴֵͬס
ţʹһ֮Ѹ伣ɢ·ûгֹһ
һľ㲻ᷢƲ˰ɡ
ٴ˲²⡣
õѶϢȽ٣ۺĲ²Ӧûдģľų⣬Ƕʹһ嶯Ʋãֻϧ䶯һξֹͣˡ
ˣʤҲѾ춨ˡ
ΪԷһͷǿİʮܶǿߣͷʮܶȵȻһҲ˸ոյĽɫ֮£˫ʵü
ѰʱʹһȻһ֮䣬Էİʮܶ񶼸֣໥伫棬һΡ
ڣһ棬ʹһͳ׼һٽԷһͷʮܶǿڻɱ
ʹһ弸ʤˣ˵ȴΪʹһѹʤĻôҪ˽פľ뷨ˡ
ңʹһĿ֮󣬿¾Բ׷Ź˼гʲôĻ
ʱȻһķҲʼˡ
ͷʣµİʮܶȵȻһҲͷӵֹ֮ƵĻҰ׹ʼɢ֮⣬˫ɫ֦б֮ŭЯż侪˵ƣͷ˳
Ҳ֮֮ǰĲ̫һ˵ʲһ˵βһ
ǰһ
ոʹһʩչĽǸһĳԶһҰ׹֮䱾ڵġ
˵֮
֮ûдﵽһٱܶȵĶ㣬ȴѾ֮߱ĳΣʱ˿ʩչʱھȫĲͬǣԼ֮⵽ľƲã
ҪΪ顭ؼӦþ˰ɣҪԼֻ֮
һ˼һ߹ս
ͷҰ׹۷ľϵ̫֮ԼԵ֮بżĶʮ֣˫ɫ֮ľϵ̫֮
Ѱģǽϵ̫֮Ұ׹ʩչ˫ɫȴ̺̺̲֮֮סҪȥ
ʵϣ˫ɫƻͬ
ͷʹһ״ôæ֪ˣȻͷʹһ״׼һͷʹһ嶯ý֮һͷʹһǸֵľƲ⡣
˫ɫ
ҫĹ֮
˲һͬʱľƲⱬһɫӶһαͷʹһϵֵס
ȴǶʹһܲˡ
ΪʹһҪ֮ؽľƲ⣬Է˫ɫ֮ȴǿƵĶã
ʧˣ
ʹһͷʮ౶ܶȵǿߣʱ˿֪ԼʧˣΪû뵽ԷȻѾǿƵ֮⣬֮ˣ
ҪԼ̸֮ף
ʹһͷʮ౶ܶȵڳⷽŬˣҲʮܶȵ֮Էʩչӽ۷˫ɫ֮ʵǲ̫Զˡ
ʱڽԷɵɣ
ɫâ֮˲ʢһͷ֮ŽɫУȻȻ£һͷҰ׹Ȼһ壡
һľƲҲøǿһٻ˷ϣǸʹһ񳹵ɣһƬɫ֮С
һһ𣿡
ĳսûмʶ·ӴһƬأȻܲƬǿ֮
ȴûô򵥡
ȴǽ֮ǻҰ׹ģȻһǿȻһ·ԶŴġȻ֮ɫ⣬һαγһҰ׹Ӱ
ǡԼӰ
״ٴ𾪡
ǰԼʩչֶεʱ򣬶ֳһƬӰӰӰδֹʩչֶεԼӰġ
ǰҰ׹ΪӰɫ֮Ȼһƺﵽһٱܶȣ
һ±־Ȼһͷǿ񣬲ûⳡսеõͻơ
ʣµͷʹһǿ񣬼״ЩˣʱҪܣȴôܵĵ
ھʩչҲѾûͬΪֵľƲ⣬ʩչĻȴֻ·һ£Ѿ˾Եء
ʱ̣ͷʹһȴδҡ
Լ֮ǰȱΧϺһȱϢʹһϽܳȥǣȶ֮ٹս
ͬյѶϢЩ֡
ͷҰ׹Ѿ˿ֲˣһٱܶȵɫ֮Щʹһôܻصս
ֻһܣǾǡɱΪĹйأ
ʲôأȫ֪Ĵ𰸺ܿҪǰˣ


1702 ֮
񾳽˵ҲżңԶĿ꣬ʱڵĿ꣬붼һ֮ܶġ
ռĿֻ꣬һǾɱΪ飡
ǰͷҰ׹ӽĴˣ£ͷҰ׹Ȼɫһٱܶȣǣȴûκϲͼӡ
ֱĸо
һݣʱ֪϶ûô򵥡
ϵոЩʹһķӦͷҰ׹Ҫ˳Ϊ飬Բôɣ֮䣬ʲôʼ޷ԽȥżҲ˵
ĿתĶųпκһĻΪҲؼһɲ֮䡣
СеŮǺˣҲϸ۲ųУͷҰ׹ڵĵطǰٱܶȵ˫ɫϲܲǻҰ׹׺ΪһǿֲĴڡ
ϢԶ齵ѹκǰʮܶȵǰȫֻг
һڣȴ͸¶һֱϢֱϢ˸о·Ҫһȫ鶼ָͬܵĸо
Ҫɱ飬ô˱˰ˡ
ݺСУܵһְ֮⡣
ڣڳСУ飬һ̶ܵһְˣ
ϣҶ㣬ڻļ֦Ҷïʱ̣ȴ嶼Ϊ֮еɻ
ʲôˣ
ʥ֮УյѩȻ䣬һ֮磬һ֮磬͸ⴵ硣
ֻ磬Се֮ͨԼ޿ռ䵱У͸һ⣬˶
֮⣬СеĺݺСУҲİ֮顣
ͷҰ׹ΧСУһƬǱ밧⣬͸裬꣡
ţ˱ľԣͷӴεĻҰ׹˶˫ɫ֮ţȻ󳹵ױǿľϢᲢۣ
Ϣ
ɱ䣡
֮˾
Ҳʱ򣬴޾յУȻһУеУü֮⼲ֱͷҰ׹ȥ
ʲôǡ
ʱ۾⼸֮⣬˵Ϥˣ
֮࣬Ϣ·ЩǰͷҰ׹ƺҲڳɱ̵У
Ȼֱ֮ӽɱ
֮оʱΪλԶ飬Թ֮⣬飬Ҫ㿪֮ɱҲҪʾ֭С
˵ʱľۣڵͷҰ׹񣬶ֻɱḶ́䱾Ȼֻѡ
ûгԤϣǼ֮д͸˲ǻҰ׹ϣֲƻ˲䱬ǻҰ׹ϵ˫ɫϱȻ˫ɫϣȴǼ֮ĺ£ֱӱ͸
˫ɫʹ˱Ұ׹֮׳Ƭ統ľһûκ֮¡
ԣʱľۣû侫СУԼ֮ͨĺڣҲǱֳʮǧ죬ӡϡ
Щ飬Ժп˼
һֱֵ֮Ļ۲лǰĻҰ׹ֱӾͻҷʬǶûκһ㡣
ħ֮ģӦҲ촷۲Ŷԡ
ѵǾ˵ʱľۣסһֻ˭ӡ
оԼԽԽʱ࣬ڵҲΪֹˡ
Ǽ⽵٣ǻҰ׹ɱӲֹɱʱ򣬳鶼Ҷ֣һžη֮еС
ֵ֮ĵط
֮⡣
ʼﵽڵĵط
ЩΧȻһ塢ʹһȴ֪֮⣬Ϊ֮⡱ʲôרֹɱΪһ
ɱһ
ֻǣ鲻Ӧϣ۷ĴΪʲôһܹɱ飬ֹΪ飿
֮Ȼγɵ
ڸ޴Ӳ²⣬Ϊֵ֮УʲôоΨһƬУ·Щ֮еġ
Ұ׹ˡ
ʬ޴档
ΧЩȴȫûж
ھ£
֮ĳ֣
ȻǶûдﵽҰ׹ǸΣ֪̫֮ˣ֮ΧЩȫɵһʵϣȴжڲ֪ʧˡ
Ұ׹֮ΨһĿꡣ
飬ƺûб֮⵱Ŀʸ
ǣû˵ҺҶ
ȻҲͷ񣬸οȻһ塢ʹһ˵̫ЩûǲҪԷעǡ
ܿʱţвʼ
رʹһͷʩչİʮܶһ£ʣµʹһľΧȻһ巢ƣ
ʱȻһͷʮܶȵǿѾ
ʣʹһͷȫͳƬս
࣬׼ˡ
ţϸǰ
Ȼһ廹ʹһ壬ʮܶȵܹͷڸʧͷʣͷԻһͷǿûй
ҲӦÿˣΪҵսȻһʹһ˵Ǽ亱ġ
ʹһǼһﲻǣٶȳɱҲҪüܹľȻһĽڣȻһǿܸܿϵˡ
ȻʹһٴιȻһʱ򣬲ԶиֳһʱĳڣʱУһɫ
ʮܶȵȻһǿߣ
ɫ֣ȻһսҲɳսܵɫڣ·Ҳ̺֮ǰǻҰ׹˫ɫʵ
Ӧǲʩչġ
ҪȻĻпٴ֮⣬ǿ񣬶ֵ֮ܵɱ¾
ֶΣͷɫҲ㹻Ըǰʮ屶ܶȵʹһˣƣһתսһ
ʱ򣬾͵˸ǳʱˡ
ľʣһʱʱͻῪˡ
׼ǵպʮľȫռˣ
΢̣ʱ׼֣


1703 
Ȼȥս
ӵʮܶȣϸֶεĻ൱иʮҵܶȣֶη棬ǱȲЩƵǿߡ
ǻҰ׹ӵֲͬĹ֮ƣսռƣ˶޷춨ʤ֣ڲֽȥĻ϶ֻ·һ
Ѱһᣬȵľʱ򣬶Էǻδֳʤôʱпͻ뵽ľȥ
˵ǻᡣ
ҪɱЩףǶסԼȫռľпģȻ񻯵ľ֮ͨˡ
ȻóĻ޷֮ԸЩˡ
ģԼ̤һľܹܶģٳĻȻһ塢ʹһǿ񣬶һս֮ġ
Կ϶ľʱΧΣʱΧֻʣһġ
Ϊľ֮һʱ䡣
һʱ䣬㹻Ȼһʹһ໥ֳ֮ʤˣϾ˫ʧأ˵ȻǸ飬ֻʣͷʮܶȵǿ񣬶˵ȫǿԶԸġ
ʼ໥ԿľҲǲ
һѡ
ǧܹ˶
֮£ȴԷľѻᣡ
Ȼһ˵ʹһѾһͷǿ񣬶ԷһͷԼϱţҪ뿪ܣû𣬲ǲܵ顣
ʹһ˵ȻһǿѾͷʣͷȻǿģҲ޷սʤ
֮ܶ˫ʧڿɿطΧڣҲҪһѶԷ״򵹣Ĳ£˫ҵǧûҵĻᡣ
սš
Ȼһʹһȴ˿⣬ѾزκһȫԸˣɳͷһζҪֳʤ
ܿ죬ľʽˡ
֦λóΧ쿪գսĳкᴩܹʮпյ֦ľʮڣ
ʱȻһʹһȫж
ȴ׼һ̡

ͺһ˴Сж˳зմԽǸһľڡ
ȻһʹһڶʱһһֱԹ۵СڣôͻȻųʮ䱾һպʮҪȫռľ
Ȼ˴ľ
ҪжʱͫӰ֣˲һֲʱ֮ȻɢΧȻһ塢ʹһȫ뵽ʱ϶С
ʱ䣬㹻ˣ
ʼ֪ҡʥۡݺ¸軹Ҷ΢ܹɳ򣬺ڱ彮Ǻֵܹ
ϧǣҶ΢ûǲҪвźãȻ֮ǰ൱ʮûдﵽ۷壬ֻҪʮʱ䣬Ӧòˡ
ʱټУҲһʱѡ
ڣľҪȥĵط
Ҷ΢ûа취ֻܴСˡ
ԣܹʮľڣֱӱаˣʣһڣûôˣֻóˣ˭̤У͸ûʲôϵˡ
ʱ䣬ʮȫ̤ľռʮ
֮ǰѾ˵ǶһһҪȳҪȻĻ϶ᱻȻһʹһɸɵ
Դж˵ѹҲģٶĵľʹ֮ͬʱҪõ㹻УҪȻҲ򲻹Ȼһʹһǿ񡭡
ͣ
ԶԼ˵Ҳ˵ģɫİ֮£Ѿ˵һĹؿ
ӰĹ㣬Ӹɫвϸֳ֪ҪһͨΪͨˣ֮ǰͨɱΪͨʱܶʹ֮൱ǰ̤ؿ
һ֮ĵʹ֮Ҳ١
ʼɣ
ûģʲôᣬھץס˵һİ˸ͨȫͨˣҾ֮Ч֪ʲô
ϧ֮ǰ׼ʮͷֻûó׼ͻʱõģû뵽ȻƲ⡢֮
ҡҡͷר־Ŀʼͨ
֮Уʱţκ߶޷֪ͷ˶೤ʱ䣬ľ֮ͨĹ𽥱򣬱֮е񻯣ɱǿͨ
ţʹ֮ͲĹˡ
ӭ˵һؿ
һΣ֮ǰĶһΪոռƲ֮ǰģȻͬɫĹâ
һâϢоƲ⣬һâӦ֮⡣
ֹâǰȻǰĴɫ֮УֲƻһӰƷɿײ˱һ׳Ĵϡ
ǡ
ѵĴ߶Ӱ֮۵ͨΪƾѾȫе龰ˣ֮Ʋ⣬Ȼ໥ģҴʱ˿̻
ҿƲȫƣ֮ȫѹסˡ
ҪġѵǰƲ⣬֮⣿
뵽
Ʋ⣬Ǵ֮ģƺֶ˲Լ֮񣻶֮⣬ǴӾ֮ϵϮԼɱ顣
˵ƺơ
ȴ֪ȻƲ֮໥ͻǾʹ˫ͬһڡ
Ʋ⣬ӦǴŴԶ־
֮أ
ڲֻв²⡣
ѡģҲҪƲ⣬ΪڿλľУȻҪվľѡ
ġģڱ׹ڻҲ˲ȼ㳡лưɫâۣȴҲһ𽥱һ򣬰֮Χ
Եʱ򣬾ܹ̺֮ܵĿֲ
⣬ƺרſĹâڵĽڿ֮ʱ򣬷·һֺµҵľġģ׹ȴûƵó֮⣬ֻѡ
ܿ췢һ㣬Լ֮֮һİȻ֮ܵ⣬Ȼʼһ
Ʋ⣬İȡơ


1704 ѹ
ڰƲ⣬Կ֮ʱ
ľ֮⣬ȻһʹһȻ໥ԿȻ̤ľ嶼ܷŭ˵ǰؼ黹ҪɵԷ
ˣ㲻ʲôУʵ̫ˣ˵ǲһ
ȴ֪ʵﵽʲôĳ̶ȣΪֻʮܶء
Ȼһʹһȫ汬
ʹһǱߣǿ׾ţȻһ巢˹ƣһ·ľڷĿⲻʱܵ
ߣʮܶȵȻһǿ񣬸ͷʮ屶ʹһڲϲţ˫Ȼ屶ܶȣȴѷֳʤ
رۿŵֵסʱʹһͬ񣬿ʼź󷽳ˡ
ӣҪǿʹһϣȻһǿȻߣռ˲֣˸֮УԶԶĻкüԶ鷨󱻷
ǼԶ鷨󷢶֮󣬱㲻иبżɹƬǿеʹһ񷢶ƣ
º
ʹһǿڹľƬǿյʱ򣬷ʹһѾȫˣֻʣһʮ屶ܶȵʹһڿ֧š
ŭʹһǿԺ
Ҳӵоʮܶȵǿڣ
ңֶζɳжģ֮ӵĵ߼ԴƷӵս̫ˣͳ̫ʱ䣬ûơ
Ȼһ֮ĳԹԹűС
ڱǽԹʱˡ
˫ǿͷˣ໥֮伴Ƭҵսһ棬ʹһֻʣǰʮ屶ܶȵʹһѾˡ
֮£Ȼһȴʣʮܶȵڡ
ǿײ֮⣬ҲͬҲʼײҵս̤ľ֮չˣҵơ
սУ֮ǰҸһҶȻһ彮ִٵܱ壬Ҷ
ɳڰй۲һǿ֮Ϊ⽫Ӱ쵽ɳķչ򣬴ӽʹһȻһֻ֮һĻôڿɳ˵൱һجΡ
ԭǿ֮໥Լ廹ڼзеõһЩֻ֮ҪһЩԴܹ֤Դ
ǵɳֻʣһǿʱξͺ˵ˣܿǿͻռɳԴûκΰ취Է
ȻôһƬɳҪȫͳλܣռ佫ᱻѹСķΧڣʼմڳϦ״̬
ǿҪͳɳĻ϶Ҫ壬߽嵱ūӡ
˵һ飬ʱ򣬿ʼ飬ҪҪֵǿսһĳһƣȥһӶά˫ƽ⡣
ɳüţķΧУҲֻܹĵľԼˡ
ϾǲǿɳˣҲڿɳ
ҪǣҪľеõӶԼܹԸȻһʹһǿģһ˵ܹɳƿԼС
һо͵ÿľУջˡ

Ʋõ֮󣬱㲻Ͻ֮ѹס֪˶ãİ£Ʋ֮֮⳹ѹƣһƬɫĿռ֮Уɢ
˫Ҳڻָ飬ҪӰۣܹ֮۲쵽ǰһˡ
ʹ֮ˣǿơ
ȵʹ֮Щ⣬֮ǰУͨǸսؿ֮󣬶ûȵʹ֮ôŨʹ֮ǰüˡ
ԡ
ոƲ֮֮ĶԿǴĻ󡣡
ʥʶͨոԿʱ޷ܵڣ֮ⱻѹƻ֮󣬾ʹʥǱߴͬ
ҲƲ⣬һһ֮⣡
Ҳ˵ոʵڵ໥Կ֮⡭ľ˹ƣǰľһ֮һ֣
š
Ĳ룬ò˵ǺпܵģϾϣԼʥŵʹ֮ʵ̫ǿˣɴƲ⣬ľڶҲӦòŶԡ
֮⡭Ȼľ֣ĿΪΣҾȻæѹס֮⡣
оЩ˼顣
ʼΪǻʱ򣬵ûپȣڻرϵǻҰ׹֮⳹״ݻʱ龰ʱЩ¡
һ֮Կˡ
ʱһߣԿٵ֮⣬ֻǻȴ֮⣬ǰȻԷĿ겻ȴ뵽ⳡԿУվľϡ
ɴ˻ʲôĺ֪
ڷˣһ·ȥˡ
ʹ֮ǰУ𽥷֣͸һɭȻ֮ľΧĴ·һɭȻ֮ھĺĿռ䡣
㡣
֮ǰ͹ţֻҪľžֻߵ֣ܹǰһĺĿռˣһ֮󣬷ֲУǵĿռҪ룬ľžĵֻǻ
Ҫ򿪺Ŀռ㣬ǵİ
ڵľ
ôоľ֮УĳֹӦ˵֮ûʲôڤڤ֮Уȴ·վͬһϵġ
Īĸоɻε򣬾ʲô飬֮ĳ֣
ƲΪλԶ֮ˣ
ڿɲ˼ʱ
Ϊڴ˾ĺĿռ㣬Խˣ
У֮ǰ²һ֮Һͽͻ֪Ƿˣ
ţԽ룬ȴ
Ŀռĵ㣬Ѿһ㣬ȴ޷룬Ŀռ㣬ûκڳǰֻǴвɭȻϢ͸
ľе֮·ʲôʱ
ȷֳ֮ɵ֮ǡҪԼ죡
һ̿ʼо
֮ǰǻҰ׹˫ɫѵҲԼڵģȻ֮ˣͷҰ׹񣬻Ǹܴĳ
Լ֮
Ҳԣ
ȭͷɭȻ֮ʼȫӿȻĵﵱУһɲͬڴǰκһϢڿʼ


1705 
Լ֮֮е
һİɱϢǺϣɱ֮УȴּһȵΪľԵʡ
ھԵĺڰ֮УһƵĴ̣֮Уӵɱ¾ӵ޾
Ǳûо˵Чɱ֮ϣӶɱ֮ͷų֮ԴԴϣݣ

һ£ȭͷͷų·һȭͷֻһ⣬ȴһֺĸо
ʮ
һʼ;ʮܶȣͺһ½һҪܶȣƺҪҵҪɱΪĻҲҪﵽһٱܶȡ
һ㣬ͷҰ׹ϾͿԿóˡ
ҪһٱܶȣɱȱܶҪһЩ٣ܶȵʱٶ
ңʮܶȣҪʮܶȵĻ»˶ʱ䣬һܶȣҪѵöˡ
һâ˫֮˸һ֮âڵı־

֮䣬ƺûи֣֮еֻЧ𣬶˵Ǵɱһ̲֮УʹϢӿɱѰ
Ȼʱ㣬ˡ
˾
ԭ֪εܿ췢ڵ£ֻҪȥͿˣġġġɭħĶܶȡ
ַȽûЧʣ˵򵥣ٶȴȽ
οʱŲľУ˷ʱ䣬Ȼ˾ֻвһ취Ǿմ֮ô֮תΪ
֮̫֮֮ȶˡ
մ֮תΪȻЩ˷ѣʱҪģο塢ɡԴ˰ٷ֮ʮûжء
ûд֮ǰǺӽֻȥȡԴʮ֮һڻʣٰٷ֮ʮûжãԶ˵֮ûҪʡ
գ
СеĴ֮Ȼ󲻶׳󣬴ʮܶȿʼܿ쵽˶ʮܶȣȻʮܶ
ܶԽԽߣҪҲԽԽѡ
ʮܶʮԼӵеİٷ֮ҵĴ֮
ӶʮʮͻԼӵеİٷ֮ʮĴ֮ʮʮͻ˰ٷ֮ʮĴ֮ֻʣ²ɵĴ֮š
ʮܶȵɱȻѾԽˣǲʹʲôֶδ߶Ҳܹɵʮܶȵڡ
֮ǿƣ
ңԼǲᱻƲƲõġ
ƲĴҲ֪ô£ᴥԼϾûˡ
֮ﲻ꣬ô͵Ϊֹˡϧ̫֮ڿ񱩣޷תҪȻĻʱȥ̫֮ܽתˡ
Իռģƿʱе̫з籩ȴҲ޷Щ̫֮תΪãҪȻĻҲ̫ˡ
һҪֻһ취ռ㹻Ĵ֮ףҪԴУԴҪе࣬Ҳ֮Ȼһ塢ʹһܹõóˡ
ţʹ֮ǰ
ӵе֮ʹ֮ǺŨģԽǰüΣľУϣܹõ֮һĽźá
ҲرҪˣҪôһЩƷ֮ҲǿԵģǺ˿ЩΪ
ľУ֮Ȼеġ
ͷʥ۾ѾõһöоʱʥѾõһö֮ƣЧܹʩչκֶɵЧ
ЧĹ֮Ѿ൱˲ˣȻֻǵȴɣϣ൱ʮܶˡ
ȻʥûôǿҲûôǿʥ۱ԽԽǿʼǻᷢӳ֮ƵЧġ
ͬܶȵĲ£ȵ춨ʤ֡
ҲڴܵõĹ֮ƣи֮ƣѾ֮ħ֮ߵĹ֮ӡȫȡҲûģΪսϲԷԼĻˣ棬ʵ
ʱһԺС
һޱȵ·ֱпӡȻǡ֮ƣ

ľʱ
Զ彮ڣһܴ⡣
뿪Ѿȥ˽ʮʱ䣬ʮʱڣ彮Ѿױռݣ塢塢壬ΪƬǿ塣
廹壬ٰٷ֮ʮ
ԭʵǿ佮ܹǱϷ֣ÿҲܹõ١
ʮʱ䣬ȫչ˪硢̡һ˫׵ſ׷׳Ϊ½֮ҲʼŸ߲γ̡
ʮʱ䣬ѾӿֳһһĶʮܶȵǿڡ
ʮܶȣڵ˵˵ǲֵһġ½ʱټĻһʱܹȫΪʮܶȡ
˵ʮܶȴǼ亱ˡ
ΪѾ֮еĸ߶ս
ֻǣʱ˿̣ʮܶȵ񣬸ֵסӭΣ
ϢǴӴеϱڶԷģʲôǿĴڣҪڵƬɣ
񸡻彮ԵУԶһƬ޵Ŀռ䣬Ǹһǳ֮ⶼûУȫǳ׵ĺڰǸпֲɭȻϢ
Ϣע⵽ˣע⡣
壬塢е壬ǿ壬õϢ֮󣬷׷ǲ˺üʮܶȵǿ彮֮У߽
ԭƬУֻѣ򡢿ɳѾûгֹĴˡ
Դǰ֮󣬾͸ûܹƿϱռˡ
ڣϱڷȴļµϢ


1706 һж
塢ͻе壬ǿǲ彮ģܹʮͷȫǳʮܶȵġ
Ĵڣ彮ȫûκεԽ
һ·ϣ򶼱һԲ϶Ȼ̽ϱģɹļһڵλߣżģպóйһ¡
ʱˣͬĻڵĻ壬Ҳһ
ĽֻлĽҲΧıԵܹĸܵϱڷļϢԣһЩǿײƻһͿ
Ϊ˱ܿЩһĲԣֻͨԵʱմͷ󸽽塢ȫ룬Դʧ
ˣҲʿ˽
ǿֿж彮ߣе彮ǰǰ˻彮򣬵ĿĵضһģǾıԵ
ʮͷǿ˱Եĸܵϱڷ򴫹ɭȻϢȫĬˡ
ǿ
֮У̲ס˸пȻңԶȴܵǷޱȿֲĴڣϱڱƵĻ˭Ҳ֪ʲôĴֹ
ϢҪ֪֪У

ľ֮⡣
ʱ˿̣̤ľѾȥ˽һʱ䡣
ʹһȻһ֮䣬Ȼƽֵ״̬
ΪΧЩһЩʮܶȵǿߣҲæΪƽɳϵİһӶȻһʹһ˫ʼ޷ֳʤ
Ʋ⵹ȫһˣΪʱ֮ضһء
ʹһ壬Ȼһ壬ʱ˫ֻʣһͷʮܶȵǿˣһͷʹһİʮ屶Ҳһ䳹䡣
ľ
սڵ嶼ûǵʱǸؼǾ
ûĻôܴҲͲʵڣôľг˰ɣ
ľ֮У֮вһʱ䣬һ֮󣬲ҪгˣΪ㲻Ҳʲôջ񣬶Ҳ޷˷ʱ䡣
ԣʱһֱƽֵ壬ھʱ֣ͣľгֱ֣ӽɵ˵
ôڿɳ壬Ҫȥ
ôҲ벻ʱݱ
Ȼһ壬ӵоʮܶȵɫ񣬻ʹһ壬ͷɢŽâľʮһܶȵǿ˫˫ľΧ
ȴĳ֣
˵ʱŲʲôϾѾ˳ǧˣôһʱĵȴ޹ؽҪֻҪ̾ͻǵΧ
ȻʱֹͣԿ֮
һźµӰľз˳
ţڵô

һϵͷǿȻһɫʹһĽǿߣͬʱƣƺƵĹ֮ƣȻͬʱԵبżģ
Ȼˣ
һ漴΢̣պÿԿʵΡ
ֱֳ֮ͨӰΧ򶼱仯ʱټȻڶԷһ˲䣬һ̧֣ɫĹ֮˲ɢȥ
޽֮գ
֣֮˶Էڣй֮ƵЧ˶Էڡ
֮ǰƾѹס֮⣬ӶõŨʹ֮ľвǰܹȻõֹ֮ƣ
ֹ֮ƣպ̫֮Ǻϡ
ٽ֮ƣѹһнϵ̫֮ģʹ䷢ӳԭһҳ׷յһԶ˺
ˮ֮ƣѹһˮϵ̫֮ģʹ䷢Ӳԭһʱж϶ˮϵ̫֮ϵ޷֪Ҳ޷ÿռ
֮ơ
ľ֮ơ
֮ơ
̫֮Ӧֹ֮ƣõҰѹŵһǧٵĿռ䣬ֹ֮ȫӡУպ
ҲֻӵŨʹ֮£пܵõһ׵Ĺ֮ơ
ľһѹ֮⣬Լ˵ǸɺϣȴһҪɺϣ˶ܹľУõ㹻ĺô
û˰æĻ֮ܿܶľƻ˶ǵѹ֮һݣʹ֮ձѹƣɢ
˴ĺôǶġ
ֲͬĹ֮ƣһǾ߱ȫѹƵЧԷʲôڱֹ֮ѹ֮󣬶޷ӳԭȵһ룬һŸָЧ
磬ʱ޷֪ռĵĴڣԭĽϵ̫֮Ľ䱾˺һϵеЧһ־춨ƣ
ɫĹ֮ƣ˲ϯ֮ͷǿܶȱ˰ʮͰʮһ֮ǰľʮ;ʮһ
ʱȴ˰˼Ѫʮܶȣʮı
˫ܶȲ໹е󣬵Ҫһ׹֮ƣѹ˶ԷһҲ൱ǵܶȣֻ൱߰ʮģˡ
ԷҲǾֹ֮߱ƵĴڡ
ȴͷɫһȦɢһȦɫƣһ־ͰЩ֮ƻˣȻֻһ˲ȴʹһ˲õ˽š
ɱ
һֲɱ⣬ɫϱڶԷһ˲䣬üΧеϯ
ʮ屶
һԷȻҲֻʮ屶ܶȣ֮ǰͷҰ׹еԶóɫûпȥҪȻĻѴﵽһٱܶȡ
Ϊ֮𣿡
в²ţȴδ¶Է˫Ŀ֮ڹâ˸״ŹâȫӿֶȻһ⣬ȴһһһΧɢȥ̼ײ˶Էɫ
տʼײʱǶԷɫĶ֣˲ɢˣţȴһһǰУ
Էɫȴһֱֹ̱֮֮ѹס޷˳Ĵ߶
οʱټЧѾӵΧһƬУöԷٶͷ·ţһЦԷųһ⣬ܷųʮοÿһ⣬߱Чһһ
ֻһ⣬Ҳһ۵ٹΡ
ܿ죬䰵Էɫ׻ȻڹâͷǿȻ
Ҳʱͷǿڳ׵ķŭˡ


1707 
Ȼһɫ׳߼ԴƷ
һһһĶɢ͵ĴɫâһֱųһƬ̣γһƬɫ֮⺣ռڡ
ǡֶΡ
һܵԼǴɫâ֮˾ͷ·ɫ̶һʲôϰġ
Ǽɫӵĵһ÷
ŵĵڶ÷֣ΧдɫâѸγһɫľ͹Ȼ֦
ľ֮Ȼ߶޷ֵԷĴ֦ƣȻ֦̺ӡ
⡭߼ԴƷĵڶ÷Ȼͬ졣
һԷõĿ׹εĶұ֮ӿֲһٷӡס
һ̣Щ֦ٴα仯ͷֳһľݣȫ˺ҧȥ
Ӱ֮飡
κи֮ģ̾ʹ߶ԼıֶΡ
Ӱ֮ɱΪ֮ͨ£ûбӡͨѾӡס޷ˡ
СеİӰ֮鷭ҳ˲ΧЩ֦һĶΪУͷǿȻһɫѰҲټˣ
ȻϤȴҲ޷ֱ֮
ȻⲢ޷ҵˡ
Ϊһܼ򵥵ĵԼǿԱٿصģαװɵ϶ǲ˼ܿȫɫâһɫԻ˹ȥ
ֻʣһɫâͣԭǺȻɵˡ
ԸĻȻԸһƬɫâһжӶõαװԼûҪԵеģɳǿ
һֱαװȥĻܰѶԷѹסοĿֻ꣬Ļ߶̫֮ţɾܴط뿪
ԣӱܡ
ԣһֱαװȥûʲô˼ˡ
ʱͷʹһǿͬ߶һ߼ԴƷһƹ⽣ĶûнһĴڣֻһУ·ûо塣
Ӵɫâָɱʱѹ⽣˲仯һ޽к
һڵУȻӹ֮ױȵ֮Χһжɽȥ
Щвѹâпⴴ˵ģֻ˳ѣȴѾԽһЩʮܶȵɽУƬˡ
ɼѹâԴƷ߱ĹǺεǿƣ
ûӦǹâбѾͷ
Ǵ⹥͵ĸ߼ԴƷֱӴ߶÷ÿһ÷ǿһĹǹΪֲֶΣ
һӿ˶ԷֶΣ⹥ֶΣ˵ûʲôµġ
Ӱ֮飬仯
߶Ӱ֮飬һֱӻǹâͬǹâʱһγɹУûܵһ˿һ˺
ֶΣóЩȻһʹһǷ׷׾ﲻѡ
СӣʮܶȣȻܹ˫ǿս˳̶ȣ
̫ˣ
߼ԴƷͨ϶ã֮Ҳˣȴ޷κεƾǰӰ֮ͨͷ·Ѿڲ֮ء
óڵͷǰѾֻʣ·ˣҪܡ
ȻֵܹסͷĹƣͷһвûС
ױԷֵ
׹ɱóȴԷԷ͵ĸ߼ԴƷɵֵס
˫ܶȣʵ̫ˣ
һǿɳǿֻҪѹǣ൱ͳɳûҪɵĵطȻˣҲʽˡ
һֱ˼ţҪҪþ
ڵˣþĻܴӮԷõĽǴŴľгˣ֮زز
֪ʲôʱҪֵ˶ܹ뿪Ѷȴ̫ˡ
Էǿɳ˫ͷ˵ڲսУҵƽӰ֮αװķһҪȥվҪþġ
ΪԼİӰ֮޵еֶΡ
Ĳ˵Ӱ֮ͬʱֻαװһԷͬʱӶͺ취ȥܿˣҲǶԷûⷽѣҲֻ飬ᱻԷҵ
ڴ֮ǰѶԷܣ
̧֣һɭȻʯлܿ㴣յУɢɭȻ֮ɱ⣬ȡ˳Ҫζãһµ⡣
ǰľֱӴ߶Լ棬Է֮Ȼͱˡ
ڣ֣Լܹ̤ĺĿռѾƾһˡ
Ȼˡ
һ̧֣žâ˲㳯ͷɫ˳ȥ͸ӿ
ϲǣ͸ӿȻֱɱ˾ʮܶȵĿֲһٽɫѹƣ£ֱѹͷ֮ϣ
ͷɫ߶͵ĸ߼ԴƷַϸֳֵھ֮ǰȴΧŵɴݻٵ
һдӾ۳֣ɫ㱻иס
Ȼᱻиɱ£ȴҲûԸˣԿУĻ֮ǣ
ϧֻһͬʱѹͷɱһС
̧֣ٴƮȻ͸ɭȻɲ֮ϢΧѭ
ͷɫһʱõ˴Ϣ֮ȴûжʲôƣٶȻָܵ˺ȫ˲˺ЩˣƺõĻӰ쵽
ǿ񶼱ѹһʱ
ʱΧȻһʹһǲˡ
ͷʹһǿȻûԾҲĿ־壬Ϣɫ֪ܵǼֲĴڣ
벻ȻĹãǽҵֱʮܶȣٶԵзֶΣѾѰֵܹˣǾʮܶȵĴڣֵܵ
ϧϧǣƾڵܹþʱ䣬ʮʱ䡭취ҪôǸɵҪôǳ


1708 
ɳУǿҲһ˫ͷȫǾʮϵܶȣǸɵĻ
һ룬ҡҡͷ
ɵһɳȺףҪʵ̫ˣҲɳΪһ֮أѼȡԴûкô
õİ취һﳼԼ
ĻǱΪɳΪԴ
ܲһֱƾսվҪԼȥģҪԴ˵Ǻġ
ɵǰͷǿɳҲԹ԰Դȫǻȫȡ֣Ҳ޷ô
Ҫ˶ɱ¾Ļûô๦ȥԿɳЩдģɱ
һ
ٸ壡
ÿ嶼ڸĴڣҪȫɱһֱɱܡ
һķΧʵ̫ˡ
ؼڣ壬ڿɳ˵˵ߣߣκ鶼ʶĳ޵ģȻһʹһ˫ͷȥͳοɳ򣬾Ͳˡ
ɳ壬Ȼһʹһ壬һֱֻͿ־壬ûгޡ
˫ͷͬĵط
ʮʱ䣬ոճѹȻһѾʱ䣬ʣ°˸ʱ䣬ҪöԷʵеѣǲܵ顣
ͷɳǿ߶ԣµӦòԼӦȻһʹһȻˣֱⷽˡ
С飬ǣֻҪǴӦ̾뿪ɳ򣬷ĻұȻһʹһȫݻٵ
侲Ķ
Сܹн߱ģСͨС彻Ҳ൱Լ彻ˡ

ܿо͵õ˴𸴡
ȻոձֳսѾɳʣµͷ𾪣˵Ҫ뿪ȥȻһʹһ֣ôԶ׼ǽԹʧ
һҪԴƷ֮ʮöƷ֮һö쾧һƷ֮ǧö
ڶҵĺ֮ڳΪҵӡ
Ȼһʹһڵ񼣽ȫҡ
ֱ
ԷĴԶ׼Ȼһɫ񣬻нʹһȫûκοǣٴηƣ
̫ˣ˫ҲûзֳʤսʤߵȻǲܴӦġ
״ȴһһ̧֣̫֮żֱ̤ȥ
һ̣ʮ֮⣬ȻȻһĽԥֱӶһʮͷȥʼ
ԷӦͲ϶ȻһʹһƻһֱԷӦΪֹ
ۿ̤Ļ֮ȥʹһȻһӵֹɴԽʮֶΣǶ׷ϣ
£СҪܣ˵ҪĽ֮ڸƻǸֹˡ
οսСҲȫûء
Ȼһɫһ̾͵֪򱻴ݻ٣ȻԴߵϢʱŭ
ƫƫ޷ȥֹ
Ϊʹһǿ
ȻһɫһߵĻȻһɾˣԻᱻʹһĸɵ
ʱʹһ彮ǱҲϢȻֱӴݻʹһûܹ赲
ɳͷʱ˿̶Щ
ǻ۲һ£ѵڣȻһʹһҪ
ְɡӦҲҪ֡ˣԿܷɵ
˫Э飬Ȼڵĵطֱӹһʱ
ǻδ̤ʱͷʱȻڲʼʱе̫֮ɷ籩Ȼʱʼֽ
ǲ̤ˡ
Ϊǿǣһʱʱķֽ⣬ʧƬ̫֮кܳһʱ䡣
ڣȱıʱ䣬ҪȡʱȥֹĽƻ
ϧǣδʱڸմʱͱֽǻͷһǲ²⵽϶ʱһͷֽš
һĻ޷ƻ彮ڵ
ܿϢʹһǱߵٴαݻͷ֪ȫԼ־ʹݻЩıǾ֡
Ȼͷ֪Ǿ֣ͨ죬ֻ顣
һҲЩˡ
ȻȥĻǸĲΪʱʱ̶̿ʧѾȻһ彮ˣȻһлֵĽ
ȴûκʧ
ϸһ֡վ̫ˣǵһ˺ԴȻһʹһҪóҪ˽ǵˡ
ڶӣû̫νʱˣͷ˵һζ㲻ʲô
ʱڵ񼣽ӰˣһôȻһʹһ˵ʱڲ̫չͣͣ˵ҲԽܵ
¿һ֮ͷȻսףβЭ
ʱţֻ
ڼֲи֮£ǵͨʱǰʹһĽƻĵطʱȴ뿪ΪˣǴʱûмֽ
ţȻһ彮ִجġ
̶ʱ䣬Ȼһ廹ʹһ壬Ѿʧʮʮ彮ڷչܲģͷкܶԴ
ʮж³ױݻ٣һƬһ鱻ֻʣͷʮ౶ܶȵľȻš
Ȼͷ𡭡
ǣȴǵʧ
ľ֣ǶˣԼֱ뿪ˣ˶򶼻ᱻͷִݻ٣ȻһûˣԭϢֱҵɵ
֮⵽ƻﵽһٸ
Ҫǣͷһ취ûУ
ʱᱻֽ⣬Ǹ޷һʱ䵽ֳؼǾ㵽ֳҲ޷κεľѾѹ֪սǡ
ֻҪǳӦԲŻλս
ǣֻٴο


1709 ʹ
ľһ֮
ȻһʹһʣµͷʮܶϵǿߣǩЭ飬ЭӦԭⲻ
Ʒ֮ʮöȻһʹһԽʮö
Ĵ֮ǿ½񣬸ǿԱǿգطϣһöƷ֮൱ڿʱ䡣
˵ӵʱټ£Ʒ̫֮˷ˣǺлкܶṳ̂񾳽磬պʮöƷ֮ø̤ĲΡ
Σͷͷδ֮ڽж
ڼ䣬˵ǺΣյģǶԷССһͲ¶ԷĵʲôƻˣΪСУıǿٱֹ
磬ͷ˵СУɾѹǡ
ȻԷС磬ҲģܾɵİˣǾҲ񣬷ֱ뵽ǵСС
³躮ھͽʶĺѣƾ輫Ʒ֮Ϊ½֮ҪͷСС
໥Լ˫ͶȽбϣҿԱ֤Է
ȥʱ䣬һСˣõǵĵطʱ̰ǷųֻҪʱ䣬ȥʵͻᳬͷ
һͲõķŶԷ֮󣬻ᷴԷԼ
δǿ徳ڵ񼣽֮ǰѾˣܹ񼣽֮ڿܹʮε񼣣ӦҲܹ½
Ȼһʹһ壬Լɳ飬û뵽ͷȻˡ
ʵֶιڱɣǲò
Ʒ֮һö쾧һƷ֮ǧöǷ˵ǼҪԴֱеһ룬ܶʮ
һƽ״̬µս
ܹþǿʱ䣬ƺǸܶйأҲұܶйأʱˡ
Ȼһʹһ忪ʼ
ڿɳѾûʲô׷󣬵ҲżȥϾ񼣿أ˷ˣԼǲôҪˣǺе½ȴǺҪġ
ϧǣȴûط̫ʱ䡣
ʱټ򣬴ȥ˰ʱ䣬Ǻӵ½Ҳ˽߰ʱ䣬˲ٵĽ
Ҷ΢ҪӽβطβܸߣȻطЧܺãԳٶȣطֻʮűܶȡ
ڣܶѾﵽʮʼ֮ǰһΣֽ֣׶εطͿˡ
ʱͿٴνУȥԼطƷǿľ硣
ʱڣҲľžﵽ˵ֵĵأܶȸպôﵽʮ
һһֱȥԼܶȴﵽ߰ʮأȴδɣΪʱ򣬴һʹߡ
ʹߣǿӵʮ౶ܶȣǴһϢ߽緽ϱڳ쳣ҽЩԽԽ·ʲôǿҪƱڶ
ϣɳܹһЩǿߣһ׼
ӴʹߵģǲȥȻһɫ񣬾ʮܶȣʾһʮܶȵǿһȥæ
ʹ߱ȴһصȥ
ʱ䣬ŰϢ͵Ҳܹʹˣʵ֮ľʵ̫ԶˣϾ˭ӵ̫֮ŵֶεġ
ϱڳ쳣
õϢЩ⣬Ǳߵ̫ˡ
Ȼˣ񼣾ˣǻɣҲ񼣵ĴڣϿĴȥˣع˼塣
ʵع֮󣬻ϲþκˡ
ǿ壬ǿ浥һĶ֣˵ǼϰֵĻ߿ǻȻһʹһͷء
ͷСеİʱ䣬ĸܵʱټЧ̶֪̰ʱھ൱߰ʱ䣬֪ڵ֮ǰǿǿԶԿġ
˵ͳ˿ɳܾˣǿĴڣҲòͷԶʱֱǾ飬ֻǽЩӱȽϡ˶ѡ
Ҳ˵ȻһʹһͷѾˡ
ԼĻʱڣͷ൱£ҪǲĻǿɳܲŭĺ˵ϣܼ巢չӿֳǿߡ
ٵĻɾͺܲˡ
ܿ죬Ȼһʹһͷһǰ
ֵʱʱ˵ôҲû뵽Ȼɳһ壬ȻʮܶȣȴȻһʹһͷ
⵽ô£
񡭡еϤ
ܿͻи彮иһ£һԭҪȫɵˣԼȡ̤֮
ʮǰˣҴԺҲûҵǸټΪһֱֱ
ȴû뵽Ǽһܵɳˣ
ֱԾԸӵĵز
ؼǣȻһʹһ񣬿ǾʮܶȵĴڣôܱһСʹ
ңһ뵽彮Ǳߣƺڱ塢еͽʹ۸ЩɪɪҪСӻȥһĻˣ
ؼǣǸܵϱͷĿֲġ
ŽĻʱܿҪ군
Ȱ˵һ°ɡǱߵĽ˵⵽һЩƻҲ飬ƻ򲢲࣬Ͼȶ˱׼
Ѵ˵һ顣
ǿȻһʹһͷĻ񲻵òǣǲʲôֶκʵ
ò
޷һȥɡ
е徹Ȼ彮ŰжʱֳһĨɱ⣬ȴδֳ˻֣ˣֱӾͼܹ̫֮š
ع


1710 ޷
̫֮Ųϼ裬ͷԼȻһ塢ʹһͷǰûаڿɳһ
˵֪ڣڵ֪Ҳ൱ڰʮܶȵǿˣڿɳĻӦûʲôģֻû¡
Ϊ׷һʧ˶ˣһڵĿɳϾûʲôǿˡ
ǿģҲȻһʹһеļͷʮܶȵһԴֱȡˣɳһƬ
ȻûȥЩ
ĵģ彮С
˵ǿֻǽǰԵȥ鿴йϱڵ˶ܵʧ϶Ҫû
ȻˣǿĽڣȥѰ񼣰ɡ
붼û룬ֱһ
⣬ڹؼʱ֮ǰǲȻһʹһͷСзųģҪȻԷǿֵĻҲܡ
ϾһԶԼƣһҪĻ
ӵоѹ֮ǰСĵĴһ
ȻֱӶ˵ͻе彮УһЩλãõѶϢδһһʮİѼϢ˵˳
˵Ϣúܼ򵥣Է˵ȵȥ֮Ҳ׵õ
һ˵ˣǾ͸ˡ
˵˵ͻе彮еλãָûʲôϵҲ𺦲棬ܹӺһѣֶΪ
ܿһͺˡ
ΪĿֻǽͻе壬ǿȫ
ҪλжٶҪһЩˣϾøϻȥ彮С
Ǻ˵
Ҫεõ˼Ʒ֮Ǻӵ½е࣬϶½̤Уʵطˣ˶Ѿ಻Ҫˡ
رͨѾɱΪ֮ͨҲܹӵ֣ˣҲջ̫õĶˣпܽӴйĶ
ЩһЩ϶ѣûʲô̫ô
Ҫ֪ϣѯȻһʹһͷ֪ĻҪһЩһ룬ͷ˹⡣
ܿ죬͵õ˴𰸣ΪĴ𰸣Ȼһʹһ壬㲻ʲôܣڰʮܶȵУ㲻ʲôܡ
ʵܿͻ֪ģûʲô塣
ԭ龿ôһ£Ȼһʹһ嶼á
棬ҪǷֳΡ
ĲΣͨβָܶȵĲΣǹƿزΣͨǲ߱ƿصģֻͨռǺеİٷ֮ʮš
ȥĲΣǵõе
ʴ¹Улõеģÿʴ¹ֻһλᣬ֮УҲлõС
еǴǰĳλԶӵУ֮õ򣬵ȴá
֮ǰȻһʹһ˫֮Ĵս
ͷʹһ߶˴еͱľƲãԵʡ
ɶãΨԼ
ǿĲΣӵˣ֮ǰ򼴽ɱ֮ĨɱĻҰ׹񣬻ڵ
һ˵ﵽʮ֮ܶ񣬶ܹõĳִĽҲ֡
ܲӵԼ͵ÿ츳ˡ
ȻȻ֮Ļַʽʵϣȴû̫壬ΪȻǳΪΨһ;ȻȴǸ޷Ĵڣ
֮ǰ
һдεĴڳ֣̱֮εĴɱ״
޷Ϊ𡭡
õȷеϢҲЩȣû뵽ʵǸԼ²û
ûܹΪ顣
Լһٱܶȣ޷Ϊ顣
Ѿǧ֮á
뵽˾ۡ
뵽Ĵߡ
ǣϼȻʹǰڵģЩںδ
ʡ
ǲԼ֮УӡҲѾ֮Ĺˣ˭Ҳ֪˵ĳܵԭʼȴǱ״̬п齫ӡС
Ȼһɫ˵
ʴ¹Уǳ
ֿʼ˼
ʴ¹ĵ߲У˲ͬеǿߣЩǿߣӦöǵڶε񣬲пܳΪΣҲ
ȻѾ޷ΪΣ񼣶ڰǲ
϶һĿģ
һյ׾ָΨһĿꡪ֮⣡
Ȼ֪֮ǴӺζľеڸ֮ԿֻҪ֮ܽĻ硭ܹԴԴϵµ˰ɣ
˼š
ʹһָһѶϢһٱܶȵĻ֮нȻȻʱܹ֮ƿʱ䡣
ڣܹ񣬾ʹʱ֮Ѿʧˡ
Ҳ֮Уܹܲʱš
ԭһҲΪȻƿһʱȻǴǾдģǾ֮ʲôֶΣھĴС
ʹһܵϣ
ھӦഫŵģȴȴĴţйִŵļضûˣҪ֪ĻµȥطѰҲС
Ƭ򣬶Ѿʧȥ˻򣬱ϱڸ
кǿĴڣϱڿԽ˵ĴڣǵڸԶŵʱҲǾۻڵʱƺûϱڡ
УĵҲһɵ㣬λȥԺú̽һˡ
ʶ
Ȼ̫֮ͨŲǰУܿ͵֮УȻȥ忴һۣȻãûʲôǿ֡
ؼǣңԶϱڷΣտֲϢѾԽԽŨ
ǿȫע
һߣڱȿɳ΢һЩһЩǿҲڸϹ·ϣȻǱȲôЧʵġ
ЯɳͷϢǿǿ߶֮ǸǷԸȥֹκ彮ҡ
Ҫȥ񼣵ʾãһʱ䵹Ҳøˡ
עͬתƵϱ
ǡÿֲϢ
񸡻һֱڼӵĵطܵԶĿֲϢʱ˶סһ·ȫ


1711 洫˵
ˣ
ˣ
ܵԼٶȣԱƽʱҪö࣬öûгֹˡ
ңԶ֮⣬һƬڡ
ⷽһֱȥʲôҵǻϱڣǱȿռϱڸӸɴһϣ޷͸ϵϱڶȥ
ڣϱڷȴļµϢ
ϢѾ˰ʱ䡣
ôǿǿòϢˣѵʲôȻ
üͷ
ǿ壬ǰйһ⽨ۼйϱڵ¡壬ûʸμӣˣǵطһϯ֮˰ɡ
񸡻Щε˵
šʹɡ
Ȼһʹһͷ˳
ڸܵϱڵϢ֮˶ڶĴˡΪǾܹ򶼳׸ŽһµĻ򽫻᳹׸ûκܹ⣡
֮ǰжԹڶվһ
彮⵽ƻҲǿڸϹ;ɣʵϵǵԵܵϱǱߴ޾Ϣ͸û˼ˡ
ޱߵĿ־壬ʼӣ
Ѿȥʱ䣬ϱǱϢ𵱳ӿֲ·ʱʲôϱڣŰǿ
ȻһʹһͷҲƺġ͡ʹ֮ȫ˺һ״̬С
ΪǵܶȸߣԱܹܵϱǱ߿ֲϢв
λ
񸡻һͷʱʯʮܶȣ
⣬Ƭ֮ǿĴ˰ɣ
ʮ뿪򣬾ʲô
ΣʹںлȨһ͸嶼һĳϣΪȡᡣ
ϱͷʲôеʵԽǿԽӹɵġ

֮Уһİ˽νлתš
УǿǿҪٵӵʮܶȲܵõǻе塢塢ڽͳսġ
ʹʱܵ˸延ӭ
ϾͽʹǴɳģĳҲԤ֮УϾѾȵõϢˣֻǶ塢ͻе嶼ЩǸ
˽ĴС
һ޵Ŀռ䣬ͬ䳲һֳ˺öӣÿһǿߣһ䳲֮ͬʱμ˵ۡ
ʹѡһ䳲еĸӣУϢ
ܣǷ˲ϤӰ
ͷɢŽɫâҲǾʮܶȵĴڣʴ¹һռУһӣ˵пò࣬ǰͷǿϻЩصԷֱġ
нͻе壬Ҳֱһʮ౶ܶȵĴڣʴ¹м
ӣεȷһЩǿ߶ˣϾ˵֮Ƭǿ鶼ˡ
š
ȷһԭ۵óĳЩۡ
Ĵ˵
һۣע⡣
ʾеڿµĳЩдУйء桱Ĵ˵ν棬жữΪҽĿֲڡ
棬һ̶ĵطһӵ
˵֮ԴƬ룬Ϊӵǵܲܲ⵽ԴٻĿ˳ԱӴˣҲûйؿ˵Ϣ
ľϢȫ֪
УҲֻлеҵйء桱һϣӶ֪桱ǼΪµĴڣҲӵڵƬǿգôǸֵסġ
飬嶼ǲѼ֮μۻᡣ
ֱӾһ飬˵ǽ飬˵൱ˣΪһͽʹҲֱӱʾͬ⡣
ȱĲսйء桱ѶϢ˵֮УһЩйء桱ļأ
֪˵ĻͰѿɳһЩС쵼񶼴ˣҲ٣ټ񣬲Ǽ򵥵飬Ҫʱ䡣
ϱǱߵȻֲʱûдﵽ۷塣
⣬ܹܵġ
ǲʱۣ²ܣԼƶӦԲԡ
Ļڳ񶼸оеģ˵ЩЩԣȴֲڣһ飬רȥ֪ͨһЩС飬ȻؼҪйء桱ϣõĴ֮ࡣ
Ҳ뿪طֱӴ߶̫֮ţſɳȥ׼С񶼴һ֮ǻۣ˵ܹõһЩõϢ
ȫ߶̫֮ţǿԽ򣬶˺ܼ򵥵顣
ļ֮£ڽ̫֮˸ߵĲΣһμ裬ǰʮ֮ĵطٶȿʮ

һ֮ϰͷɳԵ֮˽νС
ʱҲѾ
ҲС壬ӵһ䳲ӣ۵ʱһ䳲Ӿ൱ӵһƱ
ĳЩߵʱ򣬰ͶƱ
ƺ֮Ԥ
һ۵Ľ䣬˳ע
ţ壿
һۣ־ȻǱͷһԣŵĻһԵĻڴƺӵƵϡ
֮٣֮д壬Ը֮ʥΪһ塯֮Ըʥ﻽֮壬ֵܵһ
һߴһ߳ⷽ˹
ΪڱʥﲢԼУߵУԼ۴˵У
𣿡
۾
٣Ѳд塭˵Ļ
ûǴĻԴ֮أйأѵ廹ţҪʥȥ份ѡ
ԭʮ壬ֻʣǣʥӦҲʮİɣ
ѯʡ
ʥ֮Ѿع֮壬ԣֻҪʥɡ
˵
Ǿȥɡڴ֮ǰȰйء桯ϻܣС桯ϵ񣬽Ϲһ°ɡ
ǿ̧֣˾


1712 գϣ
彮ĺ
ǿߣһã׼ʥ﻽Ĳд壬ȴδǳϱ̽ȥˡ
ϱڣôңԶ
̫֮ţκΰ취ڶʱڿϱڵġ
Ҫ̽ѰǱߵֻнУķϱڣʥ۵ҲڿţҲ̵ܹ֪ġ
ԽԽϱڣԽԽܵϱһͷĿֲɭȻϢϼ٣˼£ħ֮Ķ
ܹ˲ݻһУħ֮ĶݻٵĿֲ
ȻδӴֻңԶĸܵѾȷһˡ
ڳϱڲϿҪǱ߾ʲôȻҪɢΪڻûпʼɢǲǱϱڵסˣ
ܿ죬˾ϱڲʮĵط
ϱڣ
ȥ
ĳ£ʲô֪ʵڣʶ֪ܸܵʮ֮ϱʲôƾۣܹǰĻ֮ϣȻһŨĺ
һʱڷڹɢһƬĺγһƬϱڣبյС
죬εأ֮ȫǱϱڵ
򡢿ɳ򣬱ǱϱȫΧеߣû취ͻϱڣǰط
Ҳ֪Ŀˣͻϱڵģ
øȻһ£̫֮ŵ죬ᱻϱֱӵֵסҪôһͷײǲУʧңȴ޷͸ɼϣ赲һС
Ҫϸ鿴һ£һ´ϱһͷ֮Ϣ
ʱȴ·һꡱ
ǡ
ɫһ䣬ҲʱʷΪ׳һĻŨޱȵϱں֮ϣȻͻȻѿһӣ
ֻһӣǺܶܶӣϴϱڵĺϳ֣ꡱꡱѿһУ˲һױȵĺڰϱڵѷӹ
桭ͻ𣿡
ʶҪת룬һ̣ѷӳ޾ڰȴһٰס
ϱڵһͷ̫ʱˡ
һͻƣǾ֮ƣٶȼ죬ϱڻкüľ룬Ǳ˲֣뵽ޱ޼ʵĺڰС
ԶһۿĻῴط·鿪ϱڱ泹ͻƣޱߺڰϮ
棬ͻϱڣڿʼȻϮ


ʱ̸ͨʥۣʱĽĵش׼Էʥ﻽壬ʱܵϢһʧˡ
Ϣʧ֮ǰҲչʥ۵Ժ֮С
棬ͻˣ׼
ʥ̾ͳѣʱȻܵȴ֪Ҫ鲻ҪȿĶף׵Ļºܿͻᱻɣûκܹ
õʥ۴ݵϢ֮󣬳ڶҲ˼һ䡣
Ҫ̫ĵȥܣǶܹϱǱߴϢһŨ˺ü·һ㡣
Ȼ޷Ǳ߾Ѿͻƣڳӹˡ
죡
񶼿ʼߴȺһ
塢塢塢塢塢ľ壬ʣµ壬ԳʥȻ̤彮ĵһ֮С
ƽῪһʽ
ڣȴϣ
ʥ̤ûãңԶ߱㿪ʼԽԽŨϢ
գԭһƬģȴҲ̺ſռԼĳЩ̫֮ĳЩӾлһЩġ
ڣϱǸգȴһƬڣǳ׵׵ĺڰûκζڵĺڰеĻΨ·һǾ궼ᱻ촷ۣΪޡ
ڣƬڰٶӹ
ܿ죬ܹ֮ϣ򶼱ɽȥеһж׻Ϊޣ
ʱ򣬿ʼ
ˡ
һͷʮ౶ܶȵĻõ²ͣˣ׼ٶȣصȥлõ飬
뿪Ҳ޷ˣһ취򶼻ᱻɡ
̬൱صġ
ϧ˭ء
Уûʲô̫ǿڣȴ߰˸е壬߰˸еʵ࣬õ֮һͷõûֱӱ߶ռģǰʧˡ
õͬģлв٣ֹˡ
֮䶼ǵжԵĹϵӶ࣬ƽ͵Ĵյһ⣬Ѿѵˣٶûʲô취ʱһϲܼŽġ
ûã˽һ롣
ʣµһ룬ģϾ׵壬ھҲûطܣֻʱһ𿴿
٣ͽʹͷԿɳľͷûء
ڳ˽һ֮ϢѾٵǽߵľ롣
ô
ݺĶʥѯʡ
֪оϢӦòˡָоǰûйӦǴ״̬֮С
ʥü΢ش˵
ˣڸÿǵģӦԼŶԣݺǧҪ㣬֪жпܴ㲻С
Ժݺ˾档
ݺѵĵ˵ͷ
֮ϣǵ֮ɫԶѸϮ֮ڰӰӡ
𣿡
ʹƵ
պã
ǿĶĽɫͬʱǰȥϣȻһǿƣһ֮У̺ʮֲֳͬʮֲͬɫ
ʮֲͬɫȻ֮γһƺЩȱ
ǡ飬
Щ˾ʮܶȵ񣬷׷׾̾
飬½ȵģ
˲֮ǰȻһ彮ΪɱΪ飬֮ɱĻɫ
ǻɫ˫ɫһٱܶȣǰӿ֮ȣǲ̫Զˡ
֮У顭
жӿһͷ
ʮɫĹâڳɢһЩȱ֮֮ϸ֣ͬʱһ֮뵽˳ԺС
٣֮壬ɻһ꣡һ֮ڣռƻδƬ𣡡
һ꣬һꡣ
Զ˶ˣһ֮ҪʲôռƻпԼͿɳҪȻĻֻи
ǣռƻʲô
ûκһ֪
Ҳû뵽ǣǰȱ֮ǲӰҲǻ󣬶ǡ飡
ⲢĲ
鸴գ
֮⣬ˣ
ңԶߣӹһ򣬶ʱ֮յ˳ֱ弲
˶ŵ֮⣬֮⣬ֻһЩȽǿ֪֪ؼ俰ǿֹ֮κ˳Ϊ飬ֻҪһɱǳˡ
ڣȴ֮⣡
֮Ŀ꣬ǱѵĲȱ顣
̫С֮壬⣬ɢ
ɢʮɫâĲȱ飬һᴫʮȻͬ⣬ǰӦ֮⡣
һ˲䣬˫ȻײһȻ鿪ȻһƬնը飡
УƬǿյУһжɴ
⸴յ壬ȴǽ֮ɵֵסˣ
Ȼֻǲȱ֮Ȼǿ棬飡
ʮɫâŵĲȱ飬·ڶңһۣȻ㳯ӶķнȥȱȻʱ򳹵׷ѿ
ʮͬɫĹĻ֮䷢ɢȥ
ˣˣ
塢Ǵ߳״ʱʹ飬֮˳ԺС
ȴĲȱ壬ȻʮĻȫȫ֮⣬ͷ·ԭϱһƬ񷶼ϱڣͼ赲⡣
һʱ䣬飬ԼҲֻ赲һʱ䡭ռƻʲôΣ֯˰ɣ̫飬ȫ˴ɳȥ
ͽʹͷͬʱ˾
ոļ£ܵеɱ⣬ƺͷڳĴȫĨɱȴδ֡
ͽʹʲô
鶼ԹοЩأ
ڵᣬȡģ˵ҲڿǰһĻΪ֮ƣǱ֤ȡ
һ˴ȥĻὫ
ӴǨƻʹԼǿ¿ˣ֪ĳʮܶȵǿߴڣҲһĵλڱ۸
ҲǨƻʼ֮ʥȻټϢˣ
ݺϲ

ϱ飬ӹʱֱС
ȴδȥ
Ϊؼʱ̣о֣࣬Ҵ֮εڼ䣬־ȻʼѺۣɼǺεȿֲĴڡ
浱Ưʱʱȫûκ壬еʱҪ翣
Ϊһеޣ鵽浱Ҳֻ·һһƬȫ޵ľʲôҲûУʲôڣǾһҲΪޣҪ˵ħ֮ģһٸħ֮ĶȲ
Ǿ浱жֵס޵ʴʼѵĺۼʹ
ֻȴûа취ģھƯʱ򣬲Ŭʱ򣬵ǻǾҶ΢
񣬶ûиһ𣬵ֻҶ΢ΪһܹطһֱСУʱټ
ڣҲֻʣҶ΢ƯƬ˾浱С
֮УһУΨޣ˭˶ֹ֪ںδǷһֱƯȥֱҲʴȻһлΪޡ
Ψв
ľžʱڳ̺֮ޣ޲һһжڵĸо
Ҳָ֪оܷԼǷûһˡ
ľžӵ֣˵֣ڰ֣ڵھֶʼ
ӵ˾ʮܶȣҲ֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ֻ֪ʱ䣬Ѿﵽϰ꣬ɾͣҲ֪ԼԪǼϰꡣ
Ҷ΢ҲСв
˾£ûз˵ûطõȴӲ츳ҽ浱еĳ򣬽ط
ܶȴﵽʮʱܶȣҲڴﵽ˰ʮŵԭѾԳưٿԳΪͷˡ
ڣһƬ޵浱Ưı棬ϾɵѺۣ·Ѿȥ¡
֪֧Ŷá
Ȼ䣬оǰһ
޾ʱת֮䣬ЩѺҲһɲָ֮˹
ˣ뿪ˣ
ϲҶ΢Ҳһ
־£û뵽Ȼܴ뿪棬̫ˡ
ȥǰľȻһƬľ
ǳҫۡ
оһƬĵطһƬŨϱڣǰһƬƬУƺ͵һЩ飬˸о
ʱȴоüֲӱ׷Ϯ
֮⣡
Ҷ΢˵
һݣ̻ͷȻŨϱں֮Уߵ֮ӿĿȻԼ
˵ľ
ڴ֮󣬱㶯ʱʹѺȫָҶ΢ôʱľŨһСʱ䷶ΧڡҲǣ¡
ʱѾܹʥ۲ϵ
ԣ֪粻ȥʱ䡣
һжΪʱ֮ҪȻĻϰʱ䶼Ѿȥˡ
ҲΪˣʱ֮ĳ֣֮ϮϾʱ֮ʹ飡
棬𣿼ֻǲȱ֮ȴҲֵס֮⡭ǣߵ֮Ҫεֵֵܵס𣿡
ţӾڲȻųһâߵĺ֮âߵ֮ӭȥ
ϱڵĸߵ֮гߵĺڹâѸͳһ𣬱ĿֲҶ΢ֱƷɳȥ
һ䱬֮󣬳оƽ
յУ֮ҲѾɢʱ֮ĶƺĨƽˡ


1713 գУ
һ̧֣ջԡ
ûʲôˣ߰ɣȿƬʲôܲҵ취赲ӡ
Ҷ΢˵
ʥͨ뿪֮󣬱֪Ǳߵ֪Ҫ飬ҵ赲ӵİ취Ҫľǹ׿˵ġռƻ
֪ռƻʲôһƬȫͬ򣬻ܹҵһЩ𰸡
Ҷ΢˵ͷ
һʮܶȣһʮܶȣһսþ£ȫƬĴ̽Ϣ
ܿǾ֪Լˡ
Ƭ֮ΪƬе飬ǴĹ壬壡
ƾãܹﵽϰ꣬Ҷ΢ǰ彮ڲʱ򣬷طйĺۼֻǺۼˡ
Խϱ֮󣬳ǰƬ򣬾Ȼֻһڵ򣬲Ƭ򣬸Ǳ߲ͬ
Ǳߣ໥ֵ֮úܿ
Ƭȴȫһģȫڹأ
ƾãϰĹߣ䷱СһЩ¹Ǻܶࡣ
Ǻܶ˼ǲʮڰڵģƬУô˵Ҳаϡ
ҪǡƾõƬԴֻƽ䣬ÿһͷõԴ٣
һÿһͷ壬
鲼ƬģϰĹ飬Щ飬ٷ֮ʮŶ񣬲ǴµֻٲǸոճõĹ󱲡
ϰ񡭡
Ҷ΢һۣ֪Լ֮ǰ̫ˡ
ƾǵʵҪݺһ»ԣƬ彮ҪԿǲܵ飬ϰ鶼Ƕ֣˵Ҷ΢ˡ
õǣ岢ʲô⣬൱Ѻõ̬ȡ
Ҷ΢ݷõʱӵˣǽ彮ڵĳԵبż֮ԴУȥιۣҶ΢˵ûʲôá
˷Ǹӹһ顣
֪ǰǷ˵桯Ĵڣ
ȫû뵽ǣ桱ȥʱϼһﾹȻˡ
ȴ˲ꡣ
뿪ҹ֮أֻƲöȣ
ͷȫɹɵ壬Ͼľ档
ꡭ𡭡
Ҷ΢ɻ󣬲˼̬ȣҲǲܴӹõʲôйߡռƻѶϢˡ
彮򣬵в񼣣ṳ̂ˡ
ҡҡͷ
嶼ʼˣɲȥʲôƲãƨ֪ǲʲôĶܿܵҶ΢
ԣǻѡ뿪
뿪ȥĶ
Ҷ΢ʵ
һ£ܲٴԽһϱڰɣȻڹǾͿ϶ںܶǵߣ϶ҵпܻصڵ򡣡
˵
ƾǵͨЧ֮
񻯵ľ֮ͨδù֪ЧΣô˵ڹˣǲҪ뿪Ҳֻһˡ
һУƬ޾ĹâҶ΢ѡ뿪
ԣ廹ǱȽѺõģƺĳɣŵǸˣ뿪ǵһѡ
̫֮ͨţƬıԵ֮ǳֶƬϱڸǰ
԰ɡ֮Ҵ͸
һ̧֣һͺӰ֣ʱһڹâγһڰ֮·ϱ֮гƽȥȻһ˲䣬һ
ʵ̫֮ڣͨҲ֪ܹǰʲôطоӦܹԽϱڵġ
߰ɡ
ʥʼձ֪ͨǱߵȲ̫ãûκԥֱӱ̤С
Ҷ΢һ̤룬һ̤
ȵٴλعԼȻѾǲϱڣһƬС
Ȼԣ
̧ͷһƬĵططƺеҡ
ʮ򣡡
ǧ壡
ȵ΢̽һطʱЩˣȫһƬսԭһΪĳЩԭѳʮ
ʮУǧ壬ÿһ嶼սҵУߵ񣬻϶ᳬʮܶȣΪսҹƽٶȷǳ졣
Ҳ͵Ҷ΢Ƭ򣬵ȷǳΪ˽޵еĴڡ
ĴڣȴһϵֿҶ΢ϵһЩ壬Ҵ̽йء桱ߡռƻϢ֮󣬷ЩŲʲôģֱӾʹһԸҶ΢
Щ壬ս̫֮ʱ䣬ǵ۽üʵֻǣ֮УγˣΣ٣ô壬
̾˿Ҷ΢һطǰ
ƬУв񼣣ϧûǸ˼ȥ̤񼣣ҲûбҪˣҪǴ̽ѶϢԼ
ʮܶȣѾﵽ۷塣
ҵԿ֮İ취ܹ̤Ϊ飬ҪȻΪʵҲֹڴˡ
Ƭ뿪֮Ҷ΢ֵһ
Ƭ򣬾Ȼֻһ壬壡
Щ⡣
ЩȴǷֳٸӪģΪԳΪ֮ᡱ໥ȡеĸԴ
ܶ࣬ʮܶȵ񶼱ǱҪ࣡ٸӪÿӪǿߣǳʮܶȵĴڡ
ˡ
ұ֮ǰط֮УƺպôѰѶϢ
Щ壬Գǡ֮ᡱһרŵġ֮ѧߡһ֮вרעо񼣺׺顣
ķΧǱиڵġ
˵ǵ֪ǹѰйϵʱ򣬲˶ǵ֮У˹
˺üüʮܶȵǿڣһΧоطܹҵ𰸣ϾȺӵк̵оԲδһ֮
Ҷ΢һԷ˼սУ
һֱȡһʮܶȵߣʱǰһкͣ֡
ǡű꣡Яű꣬Ǿᣡ
ߣʱݺᣬļ˵Щȴһ㶼ס
űʲô
˵
ʲôط壬֮ԳƣɲԼʲô֮ᣬȻҲþʲô
˵֮󣬱ӲҪǰڵĵطȥ̤һ

ǡᡱ˵ƬУΪϵϵ֮һˡ
Ϣ˵ǾֵʱƬеٶȻȫֹͣ׷ǲʹߣۼҪνľһ档
Ƭ֮Уʼһ˵ű֣źܹƬĺŽǣǸգӭս֮⣬ڱħ񣡡
߿ʼ
˵еű꣬ص㣬̺ŰӰĵһʯ
˵̺Ӱĵʯкֵܶ࣬ʱȻȻȷǵȺűˡ
ߵԪҲǧ꣬ǾʮܶȵҲܻһʱ䡣
˵ƬѾ˼ǧ
ڴ˵ԴȻǴ֮е֪ģһӴе֮˹ͨȻ𽥴Ϣ
鴫ϢҲҪðŷգԣʼմڲѾһȥԽӽĻҪϢݳǼѵġ
Ϊ֮޴ڡ
һ΢ֳһЩԵ鼣󣬱֣֮б֧֮ģߵǿߣһӻҷ𣬲ٴڡ
ԼĴڣͬʱ޵ĴһЩѶϢ顣
˵ǵһ˵ΪֹǺе
񼣻¶ȽޣҺʣڶ˵źܴ񾳽ҪܶȵѶڵ졣
Ȼһһ۷֮սľųƲ⣬Ϊŵ˵Ǵڸ֮Щɱġ
һ鶯ôе֮Ʋ֡
ƽ£Ʋĳ֣֮⣬ʱһͷȻһҲͷҰ׹ͼɱΪ飬֮⣬Ӷľǣ
ǵʱľаһѣľѷһͻᱻ֮⳹׺ˡ
Ҳ˵ÿһ֮УʵһǿУֻʱ¶ѣ
νĸռƻǰϢݵ֮УһѣӶһԿ֮⣡
ʲôħʲô
Щ飬ǴһЩʣ֮ǰħ񣬹֮⣬壬ǲ֪ġ
Ƭе壬Ҳ֪һЩ͸¶Ϣγ˴˵ѡ
ֱӳָ̫Ļ϶ᱻ֮ɵ
ͷдȻǿȴ״̬ŸոѾ֮Ĺƣŵֵһ֮󣬾ֱΪĻػȥˡ
Ļ֮ԴԴͺǵУһĻһ
ȻˣϢݳȥ͵֮аɡֻҪϢˣһνĸռƻͻ𣿡
۾뵽
գļƻ֪˭ģӦǸӵйء
һξӵߣۣӦҲǱʹƺǼһ˵ԼȥɱΪˣ±֮䣬ҷûܹϢݵС
ۣһͷ塣
ʣ²˸ʱ䣬ĻҷڣɳҲڶʱڣǣ
ԡ
Ҷ΢֮⣬ѣǻǱߵģ
ȻԴ͸ϱڣȴȫûзУ֪Ҫβܴ͸صǱȥΨһİ취ȰѸռƻȵȫչԵõѶϢҲпܻжԸİ취
֣֮ʧȥϣ
ûгĿܣһͻᱻĨɱ֮⣬Լɢ棬鶼ھ֮У鲻֪鵹ǻãһ֪飬ͻһľ
ϣܹϣ
ҲΪж˳Ϊ飬֮ˣѣˣˡǶƽ£
ǿߴ˺
ߣӵмǿطЧǾǾӣܹһ˵ľһȻ˶໥֪Է״̬ʥ״̬
Ҫͬʱ֪ͨ񼣣һܹģ⿿һ˵Ļ߱Ҫ֪ʱ䡣
⻹ֻһƬ
οҪ֪ͨģһеһ飬Ҳ˵ʮҪǰ⿿һ˸
ڣű֣֮ԳƵ֮У֮Ჿ䶼һ𣬶Ըְæ
һҪǷǱߣ»ó
֮ڵһȴܹ
ٶ֮Ჿ䣬ǿļ֮һᣬҲǸսǸڣᵱУгһǧ
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ߣܹѡһ壬ȻԾӵֶΣǵľһ
֮㼣ǰ񼣣ռƻϢ飡˾֮񣬶ˣܹӵֱĻᣡ
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1714 գ£
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ܿ죬㽫ٶƬ񼣵С
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뵽˾УȻܵУڷһұ仯
񡭡ȻھУһͷ飬򲻿ܴһ뿪棡
ɫ΢䣡


1715 죨֣
ӾУһɭȻӿֶ
ܵԽԽŨϢ֮󣬾еͷ񡱣ھ
ΪҪȵʱ֪ܿˡ
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ʹǿκǰûκοɱԵģΪʵ̫ˣﵽһٱܶȣʱ֮ϣܹʱ֮飬һɶԸǧǧ
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ֻҪϸܵĴڣ֮ͲͣЪԴԴϵĺǰĺĶݻٵ

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˾۵ʶ֮⣬߲ĺĿռ䵱УƺŲлꡣ
Щл𡭡Щл꣬ƺûʲôá
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ھʱʩ˸ռƻôʱٻʮ
һԸħ޵ѶҪСࡣ
ڣֻʣһЩ½ȥԸħ񡭡
ؼǣħʲô֪
һȺĹ飬һŹâҲɻ״̬֪ȥҪЩʲô
Щ塭ȻƾãӲ̫ʹԣ˼Ҳӣȫǹɵˡ
ҡҡͷЩͷԼ򵥣Ȼڶ࣬ҲڿԿƵķΧڣµʱڣ½϶Ϊˡ
Ϊ˶ټ
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ӵоĴ֮
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ǰӣȻ˷ɢȥѰңκοɵĴڣ˾Ͷǰôڡ
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ͬѾһ飬侫ӸӴ죬ͬʱϰ飬ûκ⡣
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ܿ죬ָҪȥѰҡ
ΪǺܿĸܵˣ˺ļԶһɭȻϢڲϱǿǿǿƺڴӳ˯֮ѹһ
Ǿħ𣿡
𾪣ѾйֱӳǷ򼲳۶ȥ
ʱ֮ת۶ٶȣ˲ϵĿĵأһ£ʵͨǳ˯еħ·;Уħצѡ
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ͨӣЩֵħצȻ֮ǰм壬ͨڣӵȫԽ½ʵ
ҪһͷûУЩħצѣǸǶ֣
ܵͷ½飬ΧһͷħצȻħצ飬ȫɹâɵױϸСĹӿȻĺڰС
Ҫͷ½飬ܹԸһͷħצ
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֮ǰÿһθжħûѵ½С
ڣıݻ٣ħ񳹵ѹûнҿˡ
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Ĳ˵ԼոȥݻĵЩ飬ÿһͷʵ൱ħצΡ
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֪ħճֵʱЩʢʱڵʵҪǿҲ϶Ҫڵһͷ
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ҡˣˣ
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磬ΪҶ飬Ҷ
Ժе飬ȫõѶϢ
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Ȼݻ٣ħɶԸ飡ڡ
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Ĺ۲УĴڣȻų֮⣬Ȼиʮͷ½鱻ɱûһ˿һĵֿ
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ͷ亹ЩҲֱ̫˰ɣ
Ҳԣ٣һ϶ߵģرڣħݻ߾ǰɵĻ岻Ҳ
ԣЩɴƴƣвԱֶζк
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˫ȫһϡ
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ԽԽֲԾĸо
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壿
ûмһЩ壬ҲûĴڣֻ˵һĺ濴ƺҲôаֻǳһֶķߺޡ
ˣ˵ĶҪĴڡʲô
뵽иڣȻ취һ˯ˣ뵽һǸ꣬ôи취Ըɵһ

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ӶԷ͸¶У²йħһЩѶϢ
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УкöĲлꡭ
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ͬడ
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Ȼл꣬ȻĸʶΪ
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ͬͬࣿ˵Ҵûмҵͬ࣬㾿ôģǸϢһ壬Լܹ
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ҾʹࡣҵĸףѪҡɱҰҵĸסĸˣˡˣˣʹҵĸסҪɱԼͳε磡
ħ˵˵ţ¶֮ɫ
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ѡ
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ɹһˡ
Էô˵˿վСԣ취ԷȻԷľͿˣ֮ͺðˡ
ۿ壬ɱͬħԻҶ΢ݺˣ׷׾
ڸոħ֣ɱʱȫֻо飬ΨһˣӶԷ귽ƲԷȻҵһ

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ҪӽٲöԷ⣬ôĴǹؼȥ˵ⷬûֵ̫ˣֻҪԽתһ£뵽յʽǺ׵ġ
Ȼô룬ǾʹİɡװûκĴڣһȦû˻Ҫɱ㡣еĻͼûеĻͷô
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˵
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֮⣬ǲ֪ԵĶħĴڡ
Եħ̤Ƭʱʲô飬Ϊֻһͨ壬ֻ΢࿴ۣ廹壬Ȼһ壬Ǿ޾塢塢塢е塢塢塢塭
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漴
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ûɱħ
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ԭѾʣʲôˡ
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ɫ΢䡣
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û֪Ĵ𰸣ȻԼˣӦþͲɣֻҪ磬ȫıһ
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֮ӿռкɨǳҶ΢壬ΧɢȥǱɨĿռ䣬ȫ֮ݻٴɵ
һΪޡ
ˣҲ֮ɨȴδޣǡֻǱϵһ֮Ĵڣ˲ʧ

ͨ
̫֮
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죡
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ħ񣬳ȥиֳĮɫ
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磬ȫʧ
񣬰ؾͨؾһߣȻ֮תͨˣЩͨˣʧȥȴ֮ǰӵеһֱȥֱ
Ҳʧȥȴӵн
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ȻվոıԵȥþò
ը
ϵǡǡǡһейħƶˡ
ٶ̫ˣƹΪʮÿ롭
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Ҳһ֡
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Сӡ
һħǰĴе̹ţٵأĴţԭڤڤ֮УһоȻ˶
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