==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================

ߣʱеа
2027460
ܣ
Ǭ½Ϊ
츳֮ͨ꣬ء
츳ͨľ֮ţԶ˶һ·߸ͽٳԼǿ
ǿ߰£̤Ѫ죡


1 ͨ
Ǭ½Ϊ
ʵСߣضʯ
ǿߣƼ䣬ýɽݣ
ߣһ֮䣬գʵͨ쳹ء
֮һ
ϣ裻ǿ߸ء
츳ͨ츳Ϊ֮꣬Ӱһ
ͨ༫࣬ΪͨͨͨȻͨȵȡ
츳ͨĪ⣬ͷӰȻ֮ս򻯳סսΪһս
ͨʵɱ䡢ǿ
򣬳Ҹۡ
䳡һʮ塢Ŀ굽Χĳӵܶͣ˶кү
΢ЦͷҲùңɡ
Ȼų䳡һĲʯӵֻܲûмΧ˹ȥ
ǰүͨȫһ޽ӽ侳ءһΣӦܵ侳˰ɡ
үʮǰչʮգܲ侳أ츳ͱȴүˡүʮº侳ء
үΧĳӵܶһ羴
λһţʮͲ侳ǿġ᰽ڡ
δ飬᰽ӴԴڵʵ϶Ϊˡ
飡
Ʊ֣ݺݺڲʯ档
ܿ죬ʯһһ۵ġšɼ侳أ
侳أүȻ侳أ
찡үȵĴүҪû뵽ǳҵϵһ̶ү֮һֳţǶү֣̳˶ү츳
ֻϧү־ССĶ򣬲Ȼǳ߳ݳǡݳеĸͥˡ

˵ۣȻˣǿеġүĸףһ츳ߵĵϵӵܡ
óΪڽ֮λøԼ뿪˼壬Ѷ
صԼӵԺӣһߣ˫
ѾߡС䡱ü΢ﲻ⡣
Уүһֱܿʡܻá
ȻһǰʼҲ֪ΪʲôүһֵİãϲһԷҲ֪Щʲô
ǰҲûٿС˵ڴ󲿷С˵ǴԽ󼸺ǳ˷ϲȻһ𡭡ҴԽôʹԽôţѵƷ
뵽һǰֻĸо
ǵ򻪹ǵһͨ죬һµнǧ࣬߳лȥĹʣھǴĵطʲôˡ
ھǣֻס³ⷿʮ꣬û̸
ҲˣһǰȻù˻֣ڵ³ⷿ״ӵ˼ˡ
ٴ֪ͷ֣Լһİĵطһˡ
ˣǶҵĵϵү
Դ֮ǳ
⸱ԭ˵ļԼڵһʲô磬һΪ磬ǿʳ档
ֻҪʵ㹻ǿκȨƣǰҪףϵĻȨ
ңһŽļ壬ƿŶ
ûǰС˵￴ͬСֵܷĿֻŽụమ
ȻҲ֪粢м嶼ңֻһ⡣
С˵ʵһģֻáƷãպôԽһŽļ
Խʱҵϵү̰ͨɣֻһƲл꣬ںϣռ⸱Ȩ
ͬʱ̳˶ԷһУС츳
С䣬ҽ˴ҡѾС˵һ˷
ãһһӰڳͷ
һѪɫߣƬ׺ݣײ趯
ǳġѪͨһֱȽϳͨ
˵ʵѪԽѪԣɾ֮壬
һ΢紵УһӰ
Ӱʵһɵɵ߷ֳҲͨһͨ
ͨԼΪһļ䣬֪ԭ˲ֻһţһһ˫ͨӵߡ
⡰ɵͨһǰžѵģԼ֮⣬û֪˫ͨӵߡ
Ǭ½ͬʱӵ츳ͨߣΪ˫ͨӵߡǬ½У˫ͨӵ߼ţ˵ĴڣΪ
ȻһУû
һͷһ󲨶һӰ֡
ֻӰȴһִĸо
ھӰֵͬʱͷѪͨͺ棬ʲôµĶһ㡣
̧ͷžӰɫЩŹ֣⸱ԭ˵Ķӵġ
˵֮Իǳ֣ΪԵʡ
ڹгԵһӵĶּٻСڳоʱֻǵ˼£ͷС𣬽ˡ
С˸ͷͬһģһȻӵһ
ڿСǼٻԵˡ
ӦҲҵһͨɡžӰﰵ
ͨ
˫ͨǬ½жǼΪĴڣͨʷϸǼûмأڻԵɺ£ǡɾͳΪͨӵߡ
ˡ
־Ų㣬ھһһƵ߲⣬ֶ£˰ڡ
һǰȻǿ侳أΪ̰ɵͨɡҽһко߲ͨº޽ӽ侳أ侳أ
Ǭ½ҪǹͨԪڣͨ
﷢֣һһ߲֣ǿԪĸӦӿٶȡ
ֻˣ似ٶȡ
һµоʶȻͨ߱κιĳЩ棬ȴѪͨͷɵͨʵõö࣬һִͨ
ûоͨҿ»޷Խ硣
ԺУֳһ᲻Ӱ
Ĵ硰硱һϵĵһţӵ޼᲻ݵĽͨ
ͨͨ뵶ͨǿͨɱͨӵߣÿһĽޣ޵ĹжƵ϶⣬Ϊ¡
ҵķɵͨҲ
¶һЦ⣬⸱ԭ˵ļԷɵͨڲҽ¶ʾˣ±˻Ц
ĹôСĵɲó
ȻΪԵ򻪹ˣȴΪɵͨĵһ۾ϲˡ
ΪǰĳС˵ǣǸž޵С̽еıôһɵ
Сɵ鷢
Сһɱˡ


2 ѡ
Ǭ½츳ͨߵĵơɱﵣһͨʹȫԸ
ͨҲŵȣԽǿͨİԽ
峿߳䣬ǰԺӼԺһ໹һľ׮;ʯЩƽʱõġ
̤ߵһʯǰ˫΢У似ơʱƷХƿ·͸ˣΪ֮𶯡
ȣ
ųһȣȣƳԵһѸ͵ײھʯ档
䡪
¡촫ʯһһʯĩ档
һУûƷ磬ʯֻǼ˼֣嫵Ʒ磬ǰײںһʯϡ
飡һը촫һ׶ĵڶʯӦѣi˵һʯĺ󳾡
侳ص
˫۷Ź⣬ɵЧ⡣
ƣ˰أ侳صȫһ֮£ܷ
ƣ侳Ļ似ͬ־أߣһ͡
磬˵Ϊ侳ˣ𣿡
һݺһβƤŮ֪ʱ߽Ժӣգһ˫ɰĴ۾ų
ѾСվһߣЦүʱϲ˴ţСôס
ƤŮ¶ͷСᣬôˡ
ŮΪᡱǳҼŮȳСһ꣬ڳһеģǳá
ҵϵ˶︸һֻˣһҲֻˣСģǧ谮һ
⸱ԭ˵Ĳлڣ̳УҲϲá
磬ֻΪ״Ǹ㡣һЦ
ң
ĸףһҼҲǳĴ󲮣󲮺ֵܡ
ĳԺһվɽڵȴʲôֱŻع
ǰֶӣǿʲôĿһСȻ侳أ츳ʤһ˿
ܸӣܵӶ̳츳ʮ֮Ͳ侳أǸֶӣǰ᰽ڣ᰽ڵʵ¶ԶԶҼˡ
СºǡڡǰݳŵӵӣҲʮգѡˣڳңǰǿšۿ
ڳ۵Ȼϣ¡
ֻҪ£ƾ츳պμ֮λȻԴʢǴݳǣҲǲܡ
꣬Ķû֮λøݳļˣﻹƫݳΧһǵĶ
ѡ񡭡ڣ
û˼ֱӿڡ
Ȼֻһ£ɳʵǱﻵˣ⸱ԭ˵ļȥԶĵطݳǣ磬һ档
Ȼ㸸ס綼һ̾˿ԳľһҲȡ
̫Сݳ̫СסǸˡ
ڣǡԪΧڵһţλ᰽൱ǰУԺĳɳкܴİ
󲮣ʲôҪ󣿡
ʮΪޣ侳ϣһŻ似ϡ
󾪣ԪһţֻѡŵӾ˿̣ʮ侳ߣҪͬʱһŻ似ϣ
ĳУֻһˣҪ
ǳĶ硰ɡ۵ӣһ츳ֻ֮µĵϵӵܣʮ꣬һΪҲ侳أ似ǿء
Ȼˣ£ͺú׼׼
ۿﱳӰԶȥ۵ͺһɣ͵ܺ棿
߽һˣͱȳԴЩ
ɫһú͵ʲô츳л͵ԺôҵİִƳң㿴С㻹С꣬һΪ侳ˡ
ˣǳ۵ӣҲǳĶ磬ɡ
Ը׵ĳ𣬳ЦֲֹԼİ츳ǲܣ⻹Ϊ֡
˵ʲô
侳ǿߣεȾˣôɵֹ
ûûʲô֣ЦҪǸ˵ˡ
ߣ֪ʲôˣһܳԽܣȻ֮λˡ
ҲЩļļ֮λǱϵӵͷģɵǳңϵӵܣһ֮λͺһ
Խ̬˰ɣһ֪֮ɷ˷ۣʲôЦȥԽ̬ǻȥˡ
ڣܽΪһСһڡΪڵӣԺ㻹ǵʵһμ֮λ
һ仰۷Զȥֻʣ´ԭأһܵĳɡ
һʱ䣬ӵܶȻط֣үҲ֪ӷ裬ҪôŲһ͵䳡ȥ곤д裬ͻȻƴˡ


3 ˭Ե
о仰˵úãߴʤ仰ݳڳҵĴΪС
С󣬳Լ״⣬ͬиߵýģҲֻжɡóᣬͬʱֻоη
£ת۹ȥ
⣬ſһгĿԶȥ
ߣһ곤Щˣǳɡ
ԴڶĿɾڶʱڴƼ޲侳أǿһŵӵ
ˣҲˣԺûˡ
ųԶȥ˫۸
ɵͻƣȫڳ֮⣬ɵƴţλһУΪһŵӵʢᡣ
ֵܶˣԶݳǵķжȥ
峿ֱϦ£ݳǺΰڳڶǰ
ΪԪһƫԶųǣݳԶԶȥ͸һִĸо
ֵܶſʱԿǲ͵Ůķ߻гͬЩӦúһΪŵӵʢᡣ
ԪеһţԶܼһҫһݳǹŵӣҲ˲֡
ݳǳԣվűƵǳ˽ͳ˳ǣһ·ҲˣһҾ¥
¥ޱȣ󲿷ֿ˶ŵӵ¡
һŵӣݳǸɶûţ˵ʱǶ׷׻۴湺õҩӵܡһŵӣǰϱóˡ
ǰ˵ϼСүڵҩİ£ʮ֮Ͳ侳ء
ʲôû˵˵ǧѾ侳ϼСүСء

ΧֵۣҲóͳɲĿɸ̾ݳǵĴ壬ȻôõҩӵܣҩǺġ
ߣҩĳɾͣʲôֵóƵġﲻмڳУõҩʹϷûʲô
ȻУԲ˵ζ
Ϊ˶̬ɰ˳һۡ
Щ˿еĳ֮Ů츳ҲԶģСûùҩΪȫ츳
ǲϼСүϱ𣿻ϼҶүϡ
¥ͻȻһס
ʱ߽ˣʹģӦжʮ꣬Сʮҡ
һ߽¥󣬾ûۿˡ
ǿеϼСүǸʮ侳ߣɿһͱȽСǸ
Ӧǡ˵ͷԹԳԲˡ
¥ϼֵܵĵҲ
һʱ䣬¥ֻʣֵ˵ܣҪΪڵӣȥˣúףף
лл硣
ҲڣҾ˵ѾŵˣҸĲԽԽˣ㵽ڣǵãþûˡ
һġ
ϼ¶ǣ˼⣬ע⵽Χʱǵľƿʱüͷһ壬վȵʲôӹǵľǮӰˡƹĹ¥Ұˣٽӿˡ
ҽҶȾƣˣ￴ģҹϱҲһü̶Ȼ֮ϡ
¥Ŀ˶üһ뵽˵ĵϸһȻԸҲֻĬĬ뿪
ϼңݳǵĴ壬ǵġ
һ¥ֻʣ³ͳˣȰ뿪ľ¥ƹС
Ӵ˲ġ
ϱ´½һȥǲǻҰǣ
ͻȻϱǸͱҪС꿴ɨһۣǲǾţƣԳ߹ݣ
Сӣû˸˵ϱɫһ
𣿡Цˣһӣָָ¥⿴ֵȺƿ֪ͣΪʲôҪǵвǿĴڣǻ뿪ˣΪ𣿡
Ȼϱһ߰
Ϊʲô㣿ʡ
㡭ΪʲôҪش㣡ϱû뵽ͱˣȻ֪Щԭ򣬿£ô˵ڡ
ô˼˵㲻˵˵µĲ㣬ϼңûϼΪɽǻ㵱£㣬ҲǸٻĿѣˣһעϼҵӰ£ϲжɾ߲ͣԶ
һָϱһݻ
û뵽ݳǣĿŵϼСүЩˡ
ʣӵ񣬶ϱ
¥⣬һھƿĻúܡ
˵ǵ
һ棬ΪﵣģɳϱϱǼΪŵӵˣԺעƽ
ͣ
ϱŭЦ˵ϲʲôɾͣϱʮ꣬侳ءϱվҪΪڵŵӣպҪΪڵŵӣĵӣԽ峤˵ϲжɾַܱͣȵģһעֻվڵʹҡ
ﵭһЦǺǣ˵ǷԼĳɾͺܽô˵侳صΪǿҩġûϼңʲô㲻ϰɣ
ˣ
ϱյ˫Բ¶ȻʱѼֵϣһһɨҵǿϼҲнյһУҲֻ˵áַҼöˣڿ˵壬ʵֻڼʶѡ
Ųţķ˵ɱɱҪκι˼ɣ
վӸӣΪʵҸΪϼң㣬ֻһûκĿ档
Ŀһ䣬һȭųը
һȭˣȥȥڡ
侳ߣ似ǧˡأȫ֣Ҫһȭ
¥ľƿͣۿ϶Գ֣һ¶̣п̫ˣϼҵ˶ǡ
䣡ȻһĻĿɿڴ
ֻվһƳƷɨ͵ſ˺һĵϵȭϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ϺݺײϺӣһѪ
ݣһȻû꣬ĺХ
һϷϵƣ쭳Ѫһľ꣬͸ƣϣ˻
¶֣û뵽ʵ˿¡
磡˵ǷʱϱͻعΪԼ׾ٽԷ˭֪˲˼顣
ƣǿƾһƻ侳صϣѵ侳ߣ
Ǹľע⵽ûУøֱַӴ͸ϵƣ
ӵͿϱСʵȴѵҲΪŵһ¶
һҪһλˡ

¥⣬һھƿͼʶֶΣ׷׾
ߣΪҲЩֶΣû뵽˲һϼӵܣˣ
һɨϣк˳һ·Ǯ˲߳˾¥Χƿ͵ֱ̾ȥʧڴ·ͷ
ϼҾŹ㣡ϱȫ׺֮ɫž¥ȡ
Ȼĺݻˡ


4 侳ı
ڣΪԪһţλεȳߣҪݳŵӣݳǳڳһƬĳأΪŵá
峿Χӿǿֵˡ
ʱţܿ죬һʼֿóһ·˶Կһ˵ͬ£˻
ۣ߰Ϊһˣһӳ
ˣףˣڳ֮ȴϵãݳǳ̩
ӦþһιŵӵڵˣֻǣǸΪ׵˾ó˸Ը󣬵ʲôͷ
ûʶûĴô߰ŵӵķΣŵӣȫ侳ϵĴڣΪ׵ó˶Դ϶ŵеٮٮߣ벻ȳҿ˵ΪҲ侳߽ף϶侳ϵǿߡ
侳أ˿ͲʮңȻôߵΪǳˣҲֻ侳ذɣɳˣ궼ʮˡ
ˣҲڵŵӣǲ侳ǿڡ

Χ۷׷ס
ݳǳ̩УΪ׵˿ڣҺλʦܷ֮ǰݳŵӣ侳ء似ϣʮ֮˽Կ볡ʾ似Ϊʱʱϸ߾볡ˣ˷ʱ䣬ͼɻߣɱ
˵˲Ľ⣬һɹǿϢɢġ
˵ĻһЩͼɻص˷׷״ͷ
ܿ죬мŮ˳С
ǴݳΧһЩһζϣܰ£ıһõǰ̡
侳أţ似ָأʮ꣬ϸ񡣡
侳أ似ǧˡأ²ʮ꣬
ŵӸ볡֮˵Ϊ似ֻҪ³˼ͨˣЩҴżۣͨܲѡ
λǧɣ
һŵעڸϳһŮϣһ۾ͿŮ侳ߣԱȳϵ˶С
СŮ̩΢ЦͷüԺ֮ɫ
ݳǳŮ侳ߣ˵ǰչʮء
⣬ɵԳ
ĿҲŮϣǧ谮һŮڳյҫ»һɴ
һΧļŮȻʧɫɹ˵ע
ССòףʮһӣǸΪɫ
׾پͳΪŵӣûκ
ҲĿǰϳɫģУҲΪ˭ܳ⣬԰Уܿ
ͻȻ¶һ˿ʱһϤӰеĳأɲھ¥ǸϼСүϱ
￴ߵĳɣ磬Ҳȥɡ
ɵ˵ͷ볡֮С
ɳ֣ϱ̲ͫסһȻϵóɣǺǸһˣϱͺȣͬأ
װûûԹʾ似ǿͨΪڵŵӡ
ڵڣϱ÷Ҳʼʾ似ΪеһԱ
𣿡
ۿʱ쵽ˣŵӻܣʵ
綯һӰҶ䵽˳֮С
һò㿡ݵ꣬ʮң˫۾˸š
侳أ
Χ۵в侳ߣΪ侳ߣ侳ߵΪһ۾ܿƣǶǰ˵Ϊ׷׾
ôᣬ侳Ϊ˵ǧȻʧɫһεġ
סʼɫƽΪŵӣҲɶݡ
ʮң侳أ֮ʾҲΪԼʮʱҲû˳ɾ͡
ǲײ𣬿һиСһˡ
Ȼݳǳ֮ŮҲڲ
ʾɡ
ŵӶһۣӶԷпЦ⣬ΪյĵӣűȻٲ˸ǽǶԴ̬ȿ˼֡
츳Щŵӣ𾪣ڣ϶ܵõصࡣųе꣬ɰ̾
һ洫ĺ󱲣ôôأ
̫ˡ
ݳоſҾһ֪̩Ŀ⸴ӵؿųеĳ뵽ʲôԼŮ
ȻŮҧоǲ˼֮ɫȻ޷һģо˫ˡ
壬˶磡
ڳʾƣڳ֮ٴ𾪵ʱһͻأͨһȺŵдϱָȳ
ϼ˶ˣȡϼδ棬μݳ㣿
װȺУһ׳˶Ӱ磬ֱӳеĳµɢŨȻһ侳ǿߣļƣҪֱȡ
ס֣
ŵӷӦڳǰͬʱ֣סˡ
ϼˣɫ䣬û뵽ϼ˲񣬾ǰ֡
ԸоԷϿµϢû˰æɣ
ֲεߣڵܿġ
츳ͨ
ֵϼͷһ󲨶һֻӴİ쵾޻Ӱ֣һ̣һ⣬Ϊһ塣
˲䣬ϵǣһ̻ɻ̧ƾͽŵķɣֱȥ
ͨϼүϻ
ϼгϻ˿鰡һ侳߾ȻȫʩΪŵֻΪɱһ侳ߡ
Ȼ츳ɽҪزڴ˵ˡ

ȺȻû뵽һĻ
һЩһ¥ȾƵľƿҲϳ˳ж͸¶̡
֮û˱ԳĴҲǰĪ


5 
ۿϻԼͨΪһ壬ʱһֻ쵾޻˾޴ѹ
侳
Ȼǿ
һ̫ˣʹһƴҲԴУ
¶׺ݣͷѪ֣ͨſѪڣϻҧȥ
ѪͨȫʩΪصûκαϻ£
üһ
Χ˶Ķŵˣǿǰˣǳţ»侳Ϊ͸ȥһ侳ƴ
ϧһš󲿷˶̲ס̾
ü͵ԣȻʵԶԼ侳ߣͬη壬ӭͷ֮ϣ֮ĺεȼ͡ӽղպǱ
Ϊ׵Ǹŵ¶һ˿ʣϻһȭѪͨɢڳˡ
ҲûʲôĹӳ˲ʣһѪ䣬ϻֱϡ
ϻ𣬶ϱ֮ʹ˫¶
ɨһ۳ֵڵӣ׹壬һֻ̧𣬶ųȥ·ղɱͲһ㡣
Ϊ׵ڵӣû뵽ϻԳô»ɱȫϡ
ִ֮£̧һ棬µʵĵѣѷ죬ɢ쵽ϻ£ϻµ氼ݣϻµͬʱ˳ȥ
ȫʩΪѵϻִµһƣ侳ݿƿƣɳȥ
ɲǼ䣬ֻо𶯣˫ʧȥ֪
أҵʹóͫһסûһɨϻгĺ⡭
ϻҪһΣ˳һˣ
û°ɣ
ŵӵǶûˣߣʵϻղŶǳˣԲԸڡ
ãܺá
Ϊ׵ڵӣϻӸ¶űĻ棬ͬڿһˣ
ŵӣ㾹ҳֵңɱŵӣŵӳ֣ûڷǾãҲɱ㣿
ʦ֣ɱ
ŵĿ¶ɫ
ŵӣεȽССݳǳԱϻǶ档
ʹϢŭϻΪ飬Ǿڵġ
ʱݳǳ̩棬Ϊϻ顣
ߣӳղϻڵӳΪϻ΢ȴΪ飬ĪɵϹӲɣ
˿̩ӣϻг˸ֻһҪϻ
ϻɫȻû뵽ڵŵ˿¡
ղŶԷʩչֶΣشһȫ᲻ֻ׸
ʹ飡
̩ĬʱȺ⴫һ߰
ֻһˣ׷ߵͬ볡УΧ˶ϳΪ֮ˡ
ˣɲϼҵ
ͻȻڳ֮˶²ӦһֱԱ߹ۿȻôôʱ֣
Ǻˣ
ɨһۣһɢ
ݳϼҼΪ飬ҲҶΪˣʢŭ֮£ðȻΪͷʹ½⡣Ҿ
֮кζԹ޹ءֻ֪ϼϻŵʢᣬŵɱﵱ˿á
˫֣תţ΢΢һЦʹߣ֪ܽɴ³çѾ֪ϼԸΪʹʦֵܷһƿһƿɢһƿɢֻϣʹһΣ
䣬ΧһţϼΪϻǴѪ
ǾɢǽɢǼֵҩɢھ͸ˣϼѪˡ
侳żЧãŵҲ̲סĶŵӣҪõȵҩҲô׵ġ
Ҳû뵽˴ֱʣԶŵӷĳڵʦܣɡɢ;ɢдãڶʱڻָƺ͵ִ侳۷塣ѡϻʦһɱ
ɫһ䣬û뵽˿س
Ļһů
ȻûùҩûԹܼܡ
ڳһЩ鼮Ҳҩļأ֪ɢ侳Ϊõҩɢɢߵˣھ侳Ϊҩ
ʱܸоڵӶԾĿ
СֵܣҪѡ񰡡
΢ЦĿ޾ı䣬ɱˣͱɱˡ
޲ýɱǰȻһֱԱ߿ϻûҲţϼңˮǱȻλʦңҵҲһôҲ̲
Ƭ̣ûĿвڵʦ֣ձĹϻһɣϼҸĺôȷʵĶء
͵ӭĿ⣬˿η壬ȻϼҽȫϼҶϣ˴ӲǣһԴУɱңŷһƣѾ顣գϼͱˣֻϱ֮ʣ˼𣬻ͼҪңɱڵʦ֣ҽձɣ
գҲʦɱϻҾϼң뻹λʦһ飬⣬Ҳϣպɱϻ
ҳղնϼţ
ԣȻ죬ڳУԵͻأһ̺޾޵Ļеı䣬ڳ֮ëȻ
һ̣˶֪˵֣г
չ󣬳֣Ȼݳǣһϼҵʮꡣ
ϵɫѿһϺ˵ϻԶȥԶԶ
ϼҵƿСţֻϣܻʱССһ츳ſձȻزۡ


6 
һݳŵӵʢᣬųϼҵĳͻҲˡ
պŵڣʽţڴڼ䣬ݳǽŵӿԻȥ̽׸
Ϊû뿪ҲûлȥȻ츳ǻȴڳ
ףΪͬҲϼҶˣʱسңҴѣ⼸գŵȫ
ɢޱȣյĹ򣬳´ˡ
ʱһЩȥ̽׵ŵҲ׷׻ˣȴճǰڡ
ݳǣϼҡ
ĴУĿĮ׵ϱϱһǰڣ·ŵ㣬ҪǸͻ㲻Ķ֡
ϱߣǣ󲮡
Ѿָ˴ƵϻҧݵֻϧϴûɱǸСֻˣһƿ磬ҵĴ
ϼѼ۵ģϼҶֻһƿԼ˻ûþͳȥˣ˭ۡ
ϱĸףҲϼҵĶү̡ϻˣǼ´Ҳ˵ˣ޹أʵǸ̫ǿˡݳԣ侳صĴڣڲͨ£ѹ
̩侳ߣΪݳǿߡ
ϼ֮ǿϼҼϼҴϣҲ侳ء
ǾǴͻΪģ˭֪һжˡ

̻һת⣬㲻ݳǣںҲʮ侳أ츳̫ˣϼҵĺ⣬ɳϼвˣ뽫ɱҡ֮С
ͷȻݳǣڣǲôǻصڣǴ׵ĸˡϱ㵽ڣȥ磬һһ˵ؽǸɱ󻼣
ǣ󲮡ϱݺݵͷԳĺ޲κ٣Ǹϵˣվͷʺˡ
ϱ硰϶ҲǼ֮ӣϼһǿߣһ츳˵ʤ丸ǰڣŵӡ
峿ŵӵĴ£ڵĶʮŵӣǧϻĿƺƵڸȥ
פأλԪһࡢɽڡ
壬㲻ɽߵɽ壬ռؼΪ
ǿԸ߿ոӣܿһɽ֮ǣΧߵͨɽΧ棬ͨɽ壬ͺػľŴ
̤ɽʮ֮
һ·˼ûͣЪظ·óﲻòпԪĹ
һ·Ҳƽ·ϵСԶԶϵŵӷΣͷ׷ˣĸǰǡ
ɽλϣһ֣ޱȡɽź󣬿ԿѲɽһЩŵӣ׷׶Щŵʱ͸¶𾴡
еŵӴȥȡŵӷκƺ˳ʦܣصţЩƱҪ˵¡
ʦ˵𾴡
֮ǰݳǣΪ֡㣬ΪڵӣڵӲ裬һ¶ԭţֻ֮ѰʦֵˣʦֵûʲôǧҪһ㡢չʲôڣһжֻܿԼκҶ֡
ˣʦ֡ͷ֪˼
ûκˣ·Լߣʹǰһ·ֻҪˣԹ޻ڡ
ܺãȥǰɡͷֱ뿪
һʱ䣬ͳɶûͣŲ
հڵŵӣҪºܶ࣬ҪȡŵƺͷΣţҪΧľͨɽѰס
һЩɽˮ㡢ԪȽϳԣĵطǿŵռˡ
ҪõЩطΪסҲǲԣЩطԭˣķڷ뿪
֪Щ󣬲ɸпڵ֮Уǿʳľ
߹ͨɽ壬˼죬ûҵһõطòЪ﷢֣֪ʱԼͶһϿС
ϿڣԪԣԶһľݡ
ľһʯϣһʮҵ׳˶ˣԪ
ͻȻۣ⻪ɢĿԶĳϣɫһģȥ
ò˵˺ţھó˹
ʵղžʶϿӦ˵סŶһ²һµԭ׼к뿪˭֪Էš
ɫһˣס
һ߰мڻش˵һΣȥ񣡡
ͻȻЦˣЦúͻأֻгµ˳ʲôǴ㡭ǰɣŸڼ죬ôߵĺ𣿡
ǲһ㣬طҵģ
￪ڣ֤ʵ˳ɵ뷨
Сӣܿ񡣡
ŭЦ̤һ˿Կ񣬵пʱ㣬ǰûʱΪʦ֣ҽվͺúý̵̵㣬Ϊһʲôʲô
˽¸ӶʩչһȻ̤ضУԶԶȥС˫һ˫ֳȭųݺݻ˹ȥ֮𶯣˫ȭ
ţ
ﲻҵ˫ȵŵض
˫ȭ£ӲǰµһʯƬĩԵһǰءһ죬ڵһ˵ľ޿ӡ
Ͽڶܴ󣬸տʼֻгһˣɺܿ˾ԽԽ࣬Щ˶Ǹŵӣ֡
Ȼ˸ս׳һ׻һģǲ֪η׳һֻ侳ߣ似ţȭأټġͨʤŵӲʮˡ
һ
ŵӵۣɫ΢䡣
û뵽Ķô£һ̣Գﲻ֮ǰǰˡ
䣡
ȫ׳ţȭݺײϣ˱쳹Ͽȡ
˼ͬʱ˿˰˲۰׳磬ֻ岽
˺ǿ
񣬳ƣڽɢĸ£Ȭ
ɼˣƾȫʩΪǰ˶ƴѷɫһ


7 ɵͨ
ǿﶢŰ׳磬̾
Ҳм˸Ӳƴǵһջ֮ǰĻпʱҪط㻹ǵȻҡ׳һЦĿгս⡣
ŵӾֻѷɫڰ׳һһλʦֱַͷǰĸطŵӣλʦһĹ
̫ˣҸƵİ׳Ӳƴŵӱǿˡ
ʮң죬ٹ꣬Ҫεȵز

ϿΧ۵ŵӣ׷׾
ȥҿҪһܽܡΪ˿ҾȫʩΪܣķڷ
׳¶һ˿Ц
Χɫɷڡ
˲䣬µļ׳˶˼֣͸ߴ·һˣ³˱ըԵ
Сģǿ̲ͨסѡ
ͨ
һ
˵ͨͨ˵ǿȫͨһΪһ壬ٶȶõʱΪ¡
ҵͷһ󲨶Ѫ֣ͨ
Գİ׳磬Ѫͨ͵壬βŰ׳žһ׳˱ɣݺײ±ϣһʱ䣬ʯ׷ɡ
׳һ±ڣ嵯أſ˫־ͽѪͨץס
˫һ죬ƾӲؽѪͨ˺ˣ˲乤Ѫͨʧ١
ͨƣҲܵ˷ɣһһѪ
ɡ
ͨĿ񻯣ޱȸߴİ׳磬Ӹ¶ųʵõϿɣȻڳﲻɳڲŶֶ
ͻȻֲֻײһһ̣Ϳˣˡ
ˣ׳һ㶣׳ΪĪ˵⻰ڣƺռϷɣ
Ȼܿͷ֣ϿһȺΧ۵ŵӣŹֵض׼ȷ˵ǶԴĺ
ܿ죬ʶʲôһմѪ˿ںǳǸıƤ
⡭
׳ͫһ˿˳һۣӮˣû뵽ǿֶΣ˿ûвķڷ֮ս㲻֣ѾˡӴ֮ϿȾס
׳ˣķڷֱ뿪Ͽȣ֮ǰһģһΣһֶܿΡУҽа׳硣
ۿ׳ת۾͵Ͽ棬ˬֱкøУҲڣҵ㣬ҽг

ϿΧ۵ŵӶס֣һհھܻܰ׳ŵӣŶһֿˡ
ֵŵɢȥû˳һʱ䣬Ͽȣֻʣ³ͳˣɲ˼ضųʣôģ
ڸղŵһĻ޷⣬׳ĺǱˣɱ˵Щŵӣǰ׳籾ˣûôֵģֶΣʵ̫ˣʤëȻ
һЦܡ
ɵۣһ绹ܡ
Ȼ˵ﲻԸ˵ɵȻ
ľݣϿھˣһκһݳŵӵŵӣǸС԰ǸС⡱
ˣҲΪոĴţ˵ŵһŵӻ˰׳磬˰׳סŵӽС
ʦܣû뵽ͻ˰׳磬̾
Ҷѡǫ飬ӳɿ֪׳ŵкЩ
ôҡ
ҡͷ뵽ʲôɫһʦܣмҪСģ˵Ǹϼҵϱھȥˣ֪иֳŵӣ룬ãǾͻ鷳СһЩ£ǿ԰ʦ֮ǰǣ׼ڵ£ֻܷӡģֻҪڣֻҪ㲻̨û˸Ķɱ㣬ŵҲУ
ԣҲеˣʵԤ֮УݳǾ¥ϱϳͻ֮ǰиڣŵӡ
ʦ̨֣ʲô档
̨˼壬һ̨һʯ̨λġɷϿУ֮ˣìܵ˲ɿĵزѡ̨̨ϣʹɱ֮ͬˣһ˭̨²ɱͬţᱻŹֱӴ
һΪѡ˸ԵһöǶԳܸмΪԵʣǲܰΣڳʣϸش
ԭˡ
Ȼ̨˵˾һɱĵط
Ͽڵľݺܿͳɸռһ䡣
ҹڴǰ
һжһӰһɵӰһɵͨ˲ʧľһǽһСΪ档
ܻܰ׳磬䲻⶯˷ɵͨʼգ׳綼֪ĺǱʲôƵģΪ׽ɵͨĹ켣
ͨԼص㣬ɵͨҲ⣬صٶȣµٶȡ
Ϊӵ򻪹Խ꣬һ书Ψ첻ƣ
ɵͨȻԳ䲻⣬ڵΪԸ侳߻кܴѶȡϻ÷ɵͨҲ׾ٲ׽ɵͨĹ켣Ҹ֮Ĳ̫ˣʦ˵Ǹϻ侳صߡ
ҡҡͷɵͨｫͨͨһ߲ɢڡ
ͬʱҲʼԪԴԴӿڣҪľǽһ侳ص£Ȼ侳һأ
һ侳һأƾеöＫڶʱڽΪ侳ء
ϼҼһƿöһöһöģ˵ûã˳


8 ظջ
ڶ峿ԸоĳӯĽãӦþܲ侳ˡ
侳һȫµľ磬ڴ
ɻ²ӦǷ˾ɢõľɢﲢûԼã˳ɡ
Ϊ侳أɢһ˷ѡ
뿪Ͽȣ壬еĿڵظ˵ÿһŵŵӶԵظ׹似
·ܿҵظΪڴŹ似ĵطÿ춼вŵǰظ󣬽Ҳ⡣
߽ظ󣬾ͿظǰһλˣĿǣһɢһŵŹ似뿪¼š
ǰڽظ֮ǰ﹧˹
ظεҪֻһػ˾һͨˣԽۣԽɲ⡣
˸պü¼һŵӽĵĹ似﹧Щؿ˳һۣ˵ͷСС;Ͳ侳ءŵӣֻظһ¥ѡ似ͬʱףΪ£ȥɡ
ǡӦһʹ˿֪ظ󹲷Ϊ㣬ŵֻܵһ¥ŵܵ¥¥ֻкĵӺԪϲȥ
似ȼ졢ءƴУ켶ߣƼΡ
߽ظһ¥ͷһ¥ȫǻƼ似ࡣ
ҵʺԼĹ似ΪԪһŵĵ̣ǳܱȵġ
ڳңֻһ׻Ƽн似ơһײһײİַַǳΪϷɵִͨģţиõİַɵͨǿ
ԣһظĿģҪѰҰַβ似ڰأĻ̫ϧˡ
ڹʱҪҼҴġ˾ǻƼ߽׹Ǭ½УߵĽû̫ϵĻ츳ֻԶѡ
ҵġ˾һǰԴԴϵ
ַ似ֱظһ¥似Ѱ
𱬾Ƽн似ƾ֮ըչֳµıըʺϻͨӵ
ţȭƼн似һʩչʺϿͨ޻ͨӵ
Ŀһţȭ׳ʩչ似Ͽͨȷʵ¡ҵƺôҲǻƼн似ȫʩΪǲ޻ָͨӦþǿԺΪһͨϻĿͨһ࣬ڶʱںͨΪһ壬ΪԵ
Щڹ似ǲҴطˣһһǰϵ似ȫǹ似
׼뿪ʱ⿴似оȻһŹƾɵҳ潫û뵽Ҳһ似âƼͽ似âһɱʺϵͨͽͨӵ
â
ĽŲͣ£âĽˣͨķɵͨһ̶Ҳǵͨ
¿﷢ִâܹ֣һ似Ϊأֻһأһʣâɱˣ£һɼѪ
âٶȺ˲Ϊɱ似
ȻâҲԶ׼һһδоͽڱ׸˻ðȥ
ٶֻҪһ˿ͽմջҲҵķɵͨóٶȣâյЧˡｫâ
ţһΪ貨΢ĻƼн似貨΢£磬˫ȻûӰΪ٣׽͸
Ȼûаַ似
Ｘظһ¥似˸飬ûһַЩ죬ȴûʧâ䱻Ϊƾâķ֣ҲһּΪİַ
ΣԼһεջǺģ̤߳ظһ¥ſڵ˵Ǽǡ
貨΢һ߼¼һߵͷ
ǰ̲סʵΪظҲһװַ似
ַ̾˿СһַǬ½ĩ˻ȥң֪Ǭ½ҲûлƼϵİַΪǰ˼ȥаֶΡ
ĩһǵһ˵
ɻ˼˵޷ǽעֶȻɳȥͬʱʹϵϾûк֮չֳв֡
һ룬ֻǣķɵͨȴҪֻҪ룬ʹԶһؿƷɵͨ
˿ѡһ似ʱ̲סһâҪˣ似ǰҿܶϵȴûС侳֪Զǰκϸ΢Ķ׸Ӧûв³ɹʩչâ侳âǲ侳߻Ѿ˷似档
лǰָ㡣˵ǼǺú󣬳ӹ似л뿪
ʮ꣬侳أźܾûֹˡųԶȥıӰ˵һѵõôòϣߵøԶɡ
ȥ󣬳﷢ֶɻҡҡͷûȥһϿһ࣬ʼظõ似
Щ似ºҪ黹ȥץʱ䡣


9 
ϿУһӰӶ˻һӰʩչ˼Ϊ˵õ
ֻˣΧԼһ߲˸ϸֲˡ
ʱ䣬Ͽȣһǰظĵ似貨΢
貨΢Ѿء
֪ᱻŵǺεȿµ
ȻһУǹ鹦ڳľͨͨһ߲⣬ܼӿ似ٶȡ
ݣ
һƵ±϶һĵۣһһûֹ
ˮʶ£ﲻظеĶֻһʱ䣬ǰ±ڣһˡ
â׷ٶȺ˲䱬ɵͨżΪµ츳ٶȣҪģֻϼ٣ԼԼ˲עɵͨϣ
ʲôʱܵģյĵزĴâҲˡ
貨΢£ﻹϢʱ䣬ɿʼâһ𣬳˳Է˯ϿһԹۿĳɣĲ
˼죬͸ĶͲٿˣžɢĲҩ
һʱ䣬ܿȥʱҲˡ
ȻΪ侳أȥȣһ˿Ȼ֮ر˫˼
ظ⣬黹似ٴοһ۾Ϳı仯ص˵ͷܺãܺá
ѡ似ĳһ뿪ظ󣬸ɢҩͻƵ侳صĳɣæŻȥ似߶ȥ
˵Ǹһͨɽ֮Ƽɽ룬µޡ
룬λɽ棬ռؼΪ꣬ѡｨţҲ뿼ڡ
Ͼɭ֣ڵӶԣȿĥʵֿͨɱ޻Ƥë޺˻ŻȡһЩ絤ҩȵȡ
УǴеĴڣҰޣȴûʵԺ߱ޡ
һΣȥʶһ˳ĥʵ
޳˴â貨΢Ŵ
侳£ΪʤԼԼʵš
ܿ죬ڣΧϡԿһЩŵӽУȻҲŵӶԽУЩˣ߰۵ŵӡ
ŵӺܺñϣͭ߰ۡ
ڳ׼ԽʱĸŵŮУͿЩһȽϸŮ΢ЦʦܣҲ׼𣿡
òﵱȻܰ΢Цͷ
ʦܣ׼ȥɱޣҪҪһ𣿡һŮЩɬ
ŮׯƤϸ壬Գһﲻ˵ˣӲλŮϿ룬Ȼܾõġ
ܳΪŵӣҲ侳أںŮĽУ֪УǸɫ԰ףΪߣһ侳ߣǺһ궼侳ߡ
ʦܣҽĺɡŮ΢Ц
ҽкܿϴɬŮ
ҽг¸աԳһЦ
ҽгҲҽܡ
ߣ治֪ôģ޺ˣһ侳صߣûУˣֻȡĮɨ˳һۡ
֣ĺɫһ䡣
߰ɣҿ˵ãҪϺȣҿɲ־߽룬
ʦܣù侳ߣЩһʶĻ͵ûĺɰο
ôѵֵĻϣһЦʦģֻĻǷƨ
꣡ĻѺܿЦˣܿЦˣԱߵĳ¸տһһ㶵ģֱܿŷӦһЦ
ô˵ֱϾЦ֮Ҳȥһ롣
룬ۿĺ̲סʵʦܣǵһε
ǰǰհšͷûʲôġ
ߣԭһС񡣡ֵͺһΪм
ʱһһŵӣǰһΡ
û£ʦܣǾˣֻΧʲôΣյġ¸պһЦ
΢Цͷڳ¸պĺŮкøСڵ֣ܸɴˡ
ƼΪӣһ·϶ǲľΧľޱȣʺ䣬ֱ޵á
ͻȻԶһֻ˫۷̵ޣԾ֣߶̫Զ￴ģʲôޣ
ްӰǡĺɿˡ
¸նˣŲӭȥ䳤ʣ£¹˳ͷ䣬Ȼ
ͣһ˰Ӱǵĺ
õ̲ס޵
ܿ߹ȥʰӰµ޺ˣĺЦ¸գĺµ־ˣӦò˰ɣ
¸յͷǰʱء
ߣɱֻޣʲôõġֵĮŲм
¸ƺϰ˵ֵΪˣûӻֻгüͷҲ̫˰ɣһ侳ߣĿһС
һ˼ǰУȻÿһʱ䶼ޣЩǿĲ˼׾ͽˡĺɿȡսƷĺܿʣһ·ռʮö޺˰ɣ
Ĵӣܿ΢Цͷʮöˡ
Χ޼ǰ˼ĻǾż޵ˣСһЩĺѵ
˵ˣżѾˣһֻϬֶԶֵӴӰ˵
ſԶһֻϬţмƵӴÿһ̤õ΢ڿϬΧٲȻһƣ֮ؾԽ˱
֣ˡĺɿ֣У֮Уֻе侳ܶԸϬ
ĺ㼱ʲôﻹûأǼȻһ壬ÿ˶ӦйװɣҿֻϬͽɡɨ˳һۣǰЦ
ԣЦ
УֻһհŵĲ񣬶侳أȻԾżʱȴƳնĿ֪
֣ʲô˼ЩУֻܶԸżޣóȥҪ𣿡
¸յۣƽʱСǼˣھóȥǺ졣
ĺɺͺܿȻû˵ǿֵĿҲˡ

ͻȻЦΪ֮һʱ֣֣˵ûֿ֣֣˵ûףйףбͽֻϬɱһֻżΣ


10 ʵ
бͽֻϬɱһֻżΣ
ʮĻڳ֮˶һĺɫһ䣬ʦܣ嶯
ǰżޣ侳ߣʵΪ£û侳Ϊ޷֮⣬ʦҪ˼¸պͺܿҲ̲ס
ֻΪܲ˵ֵӣ˵˿ԡ
ã˵ģϣʱβӵֹһЦƺȵľǳ仰
̤󳤽ʣֽйĿϬȥˮ
ò˵ȻƽʱޱȣЩ汾µģĽ֣ͨз·˹תһδεס˿Ϭĳ
ڣһӺ󣬵˸϶нһˮֱӿϬһֻ۾۾Ϊĵطһܴʵۿۡ
ϬҪɱˡ¸̾Ȼֵʵǿ̫ࡣ
һҡͷĿڿϬͷ
ɲǼ䣬Ϭͷһ̶ƿһ̻Ƴգײڵнϣײ
ţһ̣һֻļźâļֱ֣ٶ֮
ǿϬ񣡡
ĺɫ䣬ôôҪˣϬ߻һֻϬĻ飬ӰΣϬҲǾżޣû뵽ôùһֻӵпϬĿϬ
ϬսռݼϷ磬Ϭ룬ת۾·磬֮ǡ
ǻæǱѣԶԶȳ
ϣĺûгɣǰȥ
Ȼǲϲ֣Ͼǵͬ飬ܿɱ
ңһֱɱһҲӲˣϬͿϬ񲻻ߣʱֻͬЭ
ĺ˵ס˿ϬһԿϬ񣬵Ҳ˼֣̤ǰֱĺǱȥһԸϬ
˭֪Զĵ֣似˸䣬󣬽ȫ¶ڱŭĿϬǰ
֣
䣬û뵽˱ɡ
֮ǰ˵һֻżԸֻϬͽˣȥĺǶԸϬЦУĺǱȥˡ
֣ĺҲߵǿԿϬһĻʱ׷Ŀѡ
û뵽ôóȥɿϬǶԣʵ̫ǿˣϾ
ݣϬ·˿飬ļ죬˸͸¶˵ıͬ侳صĽѸ
ߡվԭأſϬУɱΪ
ۿϬ˽ǰﶯˣһ̧΢Х𣬿Ϭ彩ֱڿУһ̣׹䣬
𣡣ϬһϬ˫˲ɺޱȣһ޺𣬾ֱӽĺˣ˵ͨӰޣǸϹĵֶˡ
ֲ˼˼ֿϬ֣ڵĿϬȫˣδܶԸ
Ϭȥʱĺ˲ʶǱ߷ʲôﾹϬɱˣ
Ҿգ۹
ʦСģϬʹϬˣĺΪɱϬ𾪣ڵ롣
ۿϬ˫һ˫صʩչɢµֱӱڳĿϬϣûκα
飡˫һ𣬳ֻоһϬĳȺֵİ׳ǿ֮ɳ
ʦܣ
ĺ˱ǰҪ
ֻеվԭأк˸û뵽ﾹȻɱϬ񿴳ΣڵϦ¶ЦΪܻ
Ϭ˳ǰͼɱ
ȻӴ壬ڰ;УͻȻס
һ̣Ȼ£ʱλһѪѪѪӿϬˤڵ˼£ûϢi˿Ϭĺ󳾡
ĺͣסŲ˼ؿָĳû뵽˿ֲʵ
ʱ̲ס֮ǰԵ˵Ǿ仰бͽֻϬɱһֻżΣ
Ȼ˵仰޵ķʸʵ
˼Ļǵ֣Զĳ˫ͫһôܣܵġ
Ͼˣ½ɢĳܿͻָˣĺ˶Ŀתضʱ̲סôл𣿡
ĺΧĺɿЦʦܣǺÿడ㾹ȻҲ侳ߣǸղŻΪ㵣ġ
ۿ¸պͺܿҲͷͬĺɵĻЦ֮ǰҲûҰʼգҺû˵Լ侳߰ɣ
ĺһ룬ȷʵ¸һĳЦʣһֱǹӦûûʮɣȻһ侳صΪǱ̬
ͷǰչʮա
ĺ˵˲̣ʮ侳ߣ츳ίʵ죬Ҳδҳڶ
ܿܿȥ˿ϬͿϬ壬ȡǵ޺ˣż޵޺˿Ǻġ
žż޺˵ļֵǰʮö޺˼ֵܺˡ
ö޺˸ң޺ˣǺõ޺ҶҪˡֲ֪ʱ˹ھҪöż޺ˡ
¸ɫһ䣬֣ʲô˼
֣֪ʲôϬͿϬ޺˿ɲѰż޺ˣֻ޵޺˷һļֵһһô򵥣֪ǳǰʱһԵĿϬϬľż޺һԻȡһƿĺɿھʶ˵ֵĴ㡣
ǴȥΣֻҪǽöż޺øңжپż޺ˣҶٸǷֱ֡޼ɡ
ôôҪأͻأ˳ŵա
㣡ֵȴҶ˵ʲô֪Լǳ֡
ʲô
վ֣ƵõֲϺˣ֣֮ǰڿû֣ûסڣЩ޺սƷĹףãʸǷ޺ˣ
ɫѿһֵģֻҪҿϬͿϬ޺ˣǺ汻ɱľż޵޺ˣҲҪ
һЦмǲ˵һνȡ޺˶ңһΣٽȡ޺ˣһҪտ˵׻˭ᡣ
˿ֿĺˣĿ磬ҲԸӦöż޵޺˹ң


11 һ
ĺҡͷǳʦܵͶɹ
¸ҲҪǳʦܣ˵޺ˣڿ¶ϬͿϬɱˣûҪʦܷö޺ˡ
ܿȻû˵Ŀеļᶨ˵
ããǶǺˣǺˡȻˣҾͲˣ߸·ɣɫһ粽뿪ͷء
ʼգĺûһ˿֣֮ǰΪǴΪġ
ʦܣʲôĺɷֳﾹȻڰŪϬӴ壬ɺ档
ʦ㣬ıҡһЦĺɵĶ̵˹ȥӵڿϬӴиܿ죬µؿ˸ĿϬ⡣
ĺ̿ˮܳ𣿡
κ͵ĿϬ⣬ú󣬾̲ס
֣ϬţóԶˣڼֻˣԽӺ󣬻һڣҲΪϬ޵Եʡ
ζسһһ飬ĺҲ̲סˣ׷ߣʦܣҲһ顣
ۣû뵽ϬôóԣҴûԹô۵⡣ĺɲͷ̽ȥˡ
ܿҲͷգԼֿһߵĳ¸̻ʣûԡ
ȡԱ󣬳оһŻȼգܿ죬ŻڻˣԸоԼ侳صΪƺҲһ˿
Ϭ⣬ô
Ҹоղŵĳײˡĺɾ
ҲǣȫϬ⻹ô¸ҲȣʦܣҪҳԿϬ⣬һ֪Ϭô
ҡҸоΪһЩĿĺܿ۾һ˼顣
ৣৣৣ
Ŀͬʱɨһ޹
ĺЦʦܣôСôһΪǳԳİɣȥҿɴûҲԳԡ
Ҫô룬Ժ⣬ûЧҵһΪԼģȫ޹ءǼįġ
˻ˣҲȫſˣЦ
ĻȻҲĺ˵ȻʶﲻãͣʹǺܿʹһƬ
ˣô͵ߵһ𣿡ʣǰ͵ôܵǳƢ
Ϊĺɡ¸Ƴĺһۣ͵Ц
Ȼ¸Ϊĺɵۣûм˵ȥҲ³ˣһЦʦ㣬νŮӺϣҲò˼ǸֻСˣ㲻Ͼӣ䲻ʦ㡣
֣˵Сأ˵Ǹɣ
Զһóɫһ䣬˷ۿȥֵֻˣֻˣ߻ŵӣǸݵ˵
֣ȷпϬͿϬ޺ˣһͷʡ
ȻҺɱĿϬͿϬôдֺݺݵ˳һۣͬʱĺ˵ĺɣÿǸĶԹ
֣ʲôĺɫһֻûÿͦվ˳ǰ棬¸պͺܿҲһ˽ﻤ󣬺ȫȻˣУʵǿ
һֱŵֵĳЦ
Цʲô΢ŭ
ЦʲôЦ޳ܣղ˵ʲôûɣ˵ɱϬͿϬЦ˵ƤֱȿϬƤô޳ܣ㸸ĸ֪𣿡￴ŵ֣һġ
ߣͷӲչҶԸˣֶԸǸֻҪɱõö޺ˣһƿ͵ˣʱһһöһɨ粽ĺ˳ȥ
չͽͷڣǴӵֿ֪˳һ֣еͷһ󲨶һ־Ͷǵͨ
չͷֵһӰͷֵһӰ˵츳ͨͨ
չ֣ϱͨн˵ĺѸ磬м˴ͨ츳ٶȡ
侳أѹֵôţԭҵǿԮ
ڵˣɫƽĿ⣬ܿ˵һʱ俿Ľٶȣĺܿ죬еҲǳ
Ȼյǰ⣬ͽֱԭأͷͨɢ
һ̣ĺϣһϸ΢ķ죬ȵѪأ
չ˻ûͿʵĽ£ù죬ͣ½ŲŲԶĳĿ¶֣սȫޣᣬᡭ뿪뿪
᣿ЦˣЦúܲá
̧𣬲ײϸ΢֣չһѪ䣬ͷͨɢȥi˽ĺ󳾡
ȫ侳ߣڳһжӲ£ûʹ˺һ̱ɱ
ԶڵĹ£ĺԵǱһĻɫһ貨΢תƬ̾͹ȥˡ
֣ըס
չͽ治ףȻܹˡʶˣתͷȥһĿѣ
ؿչͽʬûϢ
Ųʱ䣬˾˳
ֺˣٻΪ侳߰׾ɱû뵽ˣ̫ˣһ
û°ɣﵽĺ˸ǰĵʵ
û¡˶ҡͷܿ죬Ҳ˻չͽʬ壬Ŀ⼸ˡ
ղţչͽ֣Ƕˣ֪˶侳ߣɾô侳ߣת۹򣬾ͱˡ
ǵĺЩأʲôֶΣ
ʦܣֻһ侳ߣ
ǵʣͬҲǵֵʣ־ֵؿų㡭侳ߣ
粽ǰһģ侳ߵĻŵˣᴩһŵӵ·֣ĺܺãܲȻ侳صİɱңĺܴ
ۿԼֲϺˣֲѣҪʲôҸŵӣҶҸŹģ
ʦܣȷʵŵӣһ侳ߣɱҪ֪˿¡ĺɸѡ
ʦ㣬ҲɱͲԸ𣿡Цʡ
ĺһ漴ҡͷ˽ֵΪˣ覴ñر
ⲻˣȻҶҪ磬ҵĶΪ￪ڵͬʱʩչƣƴݿƿնԼκսĵ֣׾پͽ˳ȥ
һƺĳ˵ֵ
ĺ˿һĻ̾˿û뵽һ룬ᷢô¡


12 Ǹ
Χɱ˼ֻżޣõǵ޺ˣһ˾뿪롣
ֵĸǣ࣬ɱģҡ߳󣬳￴ĺˣ
ֱϾǺĺһģĺˡ
¸һЦʦܣɲ˼ˣɲһˣһ塣ǵ̰ȣɱ˱ɱˣһеҳ¸ѵثֲɣ
ĺɺͺܿҲͷһе
ĺˣȻ׳˵˼Ϊ˰Ʋ⣬ϣǱǣ
Ͼ侳߿ɲ侳ܱȵģһȫµľ硣
˶Գ᲻ʧһǻѪŶصĵ
ãһе
ͷ죬ţ뵽ʲô̧ͷĺˣʣλʦ㣬¸ʦ֣һΣ
һĺָָԶһͨɽ壬ΧͨһǵΪŵвֻ߲ͣһ㡣
Ȼˣλʦͳ¸ʦֱһȥΣϿռعҲһȥҲӵｨ顣
ĺĿ¶жǵȻ֪ô⣬µָȥ鷳Ҳ֮ˣӦ
ڵϱͨɽȥ߹ͨɽ壬¸ָָԶһ޴ϿȣʣʦܣȥûУ
ۿȥϿռؼΪ嫣ɺ棬ʲôط
¸յǵɷϿ
һǾǵɷϿ˵ɷϿУ̨һ̨ŵӣۡ
ȷʵˡ¸յͷ
ţڳ¸յĽ£ԵɷϿҲϸ˽⡣
ɽڵ屻ͨɽΧ룬ɷϿϿȰȥĵطаס
ɷϿռعΪü򣬻һԳǣĵμΪӣϿϷ龰
ڹŵս˽ΣķϿ⣬ɷϿҲһȥ
̤Ͽ֮УսöɱԷ
ǿߵֻ̨߽бŰķݣû侳صŵӣиҽġ
侳ŵӣһ㲻ԼսŵӣȻᱻ˳ЦԴСȻӮҲʡ
⣬ɷϿһطҲǳ֮ǰ˵ġֻ̨ҪԸ̨̤㱻ɱҲ룬
ڵ֮Ի⣬̨̤һ
ǽûУˡ
¸պٺһЦҵǳȥֻ¹һεɷϿԼս֮أʱҶǲŰյŹǵսȡ顣ǳʦԼս֮أ϶ܴɱķºŵĶ֡
ĺɺͺܿΪȻͷʵǼģ侳ŵе¶ܺЩųŵӱˡ
ǽȥǰϿȺܺ棬͡
ð˵ãֻվϹսȥҿɲȥŰ¸һµģ
ΪʲôȥŰ¸ʦ֣ҿʵҲ侳ŵҲǺְɣ档
¸ЩΣûһ棬Ҹ֪Щŵ侳ءЩ侳أΨһȥһΣԼսĺԼսҵļ侳صŵӣ侳Ȼ壬侳ظҵĲ̫ˡ
¸յѪʷﲻݸߵĺŮҲ̲ס滨ǳЦ
ȥ¸մͷܿͷ֣ϿϷӵϿĺûС
¸տڵṦ侳ߺ侳ߣԴֱԾȥʦܣ似ûϣͲҪֱȥΣա
˵ͷߣҸϡ
ۿ¸˳˵ɷϿУûʧ˫һţ貨΢ʩչ̤֮С
ɲǣ͸оԼ弱׹ûκγɣ貨΢ȫʩΪż½ٶȡ
￴龰ɷϿһĻɽˮйƽأԶԶȥԿһЩŵΪ֡
ʦܣߡͷȥŷڣȵϷʮ״һȫţ᳤ա
񣬳¸һϣк
貨΢н˻һӰ˳¸˵ߣỺֻһվˡ
Ṧ
ÿṦ
һЩŵӣһĻ̲ס̾
ǿʱ̲סһû뵽ôᡣһЩŵӡͫ׸̲סһ侳أ
һ˲䣬ŵӶ֪ʮҵŵӣһ侳ߣң似Ҳϣ
ʲôʱųôһλŵӣ

ԺͻȻͷ
ʦܣû뵽˵ãһΪ㲻óء¸տЦһôµʵҲ似ǰҲû
һ̣֪Լˣλʦܸһ˵
ٺ٣͵͵Цһ
ʱֻǳ¸գĺɺͺܿһŹ֣һԼƾ似УΧŵӶˣȻ˵͵֣̫޳ˡ
ף׳硣վϣͳ¸һϿڵսĿ⣬ܿһϤӰϣ̲ס
ʦܣܿ׳ʦսĻɲ࣬濴ܴյһЩʵõľ顣¸վ۾ѳ
׳ǿ𣿡¸յĻɫЩŹ֡
Ȼ׳ʦֿŵŽǰʮĴڡ¸պݺݵͷĿʼղ׳Ӱ
ôҲһ㣬ǰءﲻΪȻֹ
Ȼ󣬵ԱһЩʼڹ۲ŵӣˣʱ˾㡭ǰ˰׳֮صǸ񣿡
һ仰ߵȫ˵Ŀⶼڳϡ
εץץף𣿡

ϵŵһ˷ۣһǲǹġ
׳磬ֻһŵӣŵе֮صǼ£ȻҲš
Ȼֻ֪˰׳ѵǸŵĲ񣬲֪֡
ڣˣ
ҿʦܣǸˣعĳ¸գҲɵˣû뵽ǰ˰׳ѵǸ
룬Ǹ񣬺кܶطһǰŵģżΪµʵ
ĺɺͺܿҲˣ͵ضһ޺ĳ


13 ս
϶ô󣬰׳棬ȻҲˣƾеĶַֿ˿̧ͨͷš
Ŀ⣬ܿһϣû뵽ԷȻǼ¹ȥ£ʼ
޷ʲôֶΣûκβ¾͸ĺǶԷ֣ǰˡ
׳ĶһݵˣЦؿ˰׳һۣĿҲ䵽ϵϣ׳磬ǰǱܵģ
׳ͷ˾ǰˣˡ
׳磬ԽԽȥˣһʮҵСܣС񣬲Ҿܽܡ˼ȡЦ
ߣ׳ͺһս˭˵ܻʮöż޺Σ
սˣ˵ģ𷴻ڡҲռˣʤңһʮöż޺ˡ
һΪ׳ĿֳıóѵζһУսûע⵽
վϣ﷢ְ׳ڿܲյ貨΢֣˰׳ǰ
׳磬ʵǰǿˣţȭֽˡ
Σһ͸ֶΡ׳ԳһЦſɬ
ǳսŵӣ侳أսսû뵽Լˣǰһս
ղŰ׳սֳﶼ֪սʵ׳൱
Ҫǣսʩչ似ҲƣٲȻҲ˰أһ
ҽܡʱ򣬳ע⵽սԼĲмĿ⣬˵ʵĿóܲˬսܾ
׳Ծ˺ҲҪ¹ȥʲô仯ɲųԭ̤
ϣۿ׳˿˶ϣŵӶĿתؿţһЩŵҲܸȤǶ뿴˰׳˵ֶΡ
սʵ׳޼ǰǼģսӮ
Ǽ±ϾǴţԽԽţһ汾˵ֻҪǰŵĲԸ⣬һоɱ׳硣
Ŷ಻ţҸԼ۾ʮҵǷʵϾ֪
һսӮŵУû˸ٺ񡯣

֣һսڶˣҽһ棬ɨս˫Ȼһ⣬˱Ƭ̾͵˳ǰ
ӰصĸӰȻ¡
ŵ̲ס
ƣ
͵ǰ㣬ս嫵һҲˣսһ嫶Ӳսһƣ
ͬǰصƣһʱƾУս˫͸¶죬û뵽ǰˣʵӲƴ
䣡һĳ˫ƿƷɨϰ޷Զһʱѷָ¡
˶侳ߣƶ˵ڰأʵ޼˶ԺʮƷŷֿ
սͷһ󲨶֮ǰ׳һսͳֹͨٴγ֣һӰͨɫһ˫ӳ졣
ۿӰһƳڹ⻪սڣսɷڣһˣϵŵӶ̲סĿսˣͨһʩչͨġ޺һ
˵ͨѪͨѪͨսսͨɲˣΪƷ̫޷ʩչ޺һʵս൱ͨȴѷɫһذɣ
һ˵ǰ˿ͨİ׳綼Ѫͨ˺ˣǰˡ
Ŷ಻š
㻹˵ͨѪͨҲǴŰɣţ

֮£ۿսսͨʩչ޺һмսͨﲻΪվʼնûлͨĴ㡣
ǿսսͨɵ˰ɣˣ
Ҳ̫ûͷˣˣȻǲ񡣡
ŵӵĻ䣬ͫ׾̲סһֻ̧֣֡һǳɣһ̣޻սϾͳһǳǳѷ죬Ѫʶ
սһеѪɫ䣬ϵ̲ͨסôܣˣȻˡ
ÿ죡һУһǿ͸׳ĿصؿųþԼٴԳ־ԻǸǰһ
ǵ⣿һЩŵӺȻضµ꣬ǱϾ侳ߣز׽һŵĶâһ֮죬ȻҲ

Ͽ˳սһս˵뷨ĿµϣֻһʮꣿȷϹﷵϻͯ
һ̣û˻óﻹǡ񡱣ﶼǲھ󲿷ŵӾǲ񶼲ˡ
սô
׳粻սʧ飬ǰȥ۴Ц⣬սղŻȡЦۿսԱʹúܡ
ѾĲ˵ԽԽȥ
ѾĲ˵ûãһʮС
ѾĲ˵оܻܳ
ô˰ɣ
Ц״үߣ
ϾŵеٮٮߣȻڸղųֶΣսǺܿͻָ˹
ŵ߹İ׳磬ɫһͺһӻͳʮö޺˾˹ȥ㻹˲ɣ
٣Ƕˣ㲻ȥлʲôģ޺ˣ׳һЦ仰ԹתǱȥ
ߣ̨ɱңһɨԶĳսôһ仰תȥǶѼˣһǰŵĲ񶼴򲻹
սȻʵͰ׳࣬ȴû׳ȣˣ츳Ҳעɲʲô򡣡սڵ̬ȣóûκκøУһ䲻ˣжɾ͡
׳߹ö޺˸
ǡ԰׳һЦɻؿŽӹö޺ˣڲСˣһ۾ϳöǾż޺ˡ
Һսã䣬Ҹʮö䣬ʮöˡͶɹҷһ롣׳Ц
лˡҲ
׳кһĺɡܿͳ¸գһŵע뿪˵ɷϿ
ʦܣһۣעҪˣ֮УҲ¼뿪ɷϿȥ·ϣ¸Ц
ʼ磬ÿɷЩ


14 ̨֮Լ
صϿȣｫĺ˽ܸɣҲʶˣţ˿ʼæµΪĺŮһľݣӵľңңԡ
ʦ㣬öż޺ҲɣͷȥǳȡһЩɢ;ｫ׳ö޺ҲܿС
ʦܣǰѺܿɹܼء¸Цˡ
ͷҳأܿĿһɣ¸նʱήˡ
ֵܺĺɿһĻԵЦ
ĺ㺫ܿǳȥȡƿɢöɢ侳ߵΪùһƿͻ߾ɢҩЧֻеһηЧ
ҲһֻеһηòܷӳҩЧ
ѹʦֽöңӦ֮ǰͷùˡȷʵ󣬳˿ϬͿϬľż޺ܻһƿ⣬ͨż޺˾Ҫʮöܻȡһö
̶ȣóҲզ࣬ż޵ʵǼʶģһ侳߶δɱһֻżޡ
ֻǣȻ󣬵ɱʮֻż޶ʦֺʦֶӦò£Ϊǵʱõôأ
뵽һǻŵŵӣﲻ⣬ɻ˵˳
ĺɽ͵ʦܣ֪ż޶侳߶ȻСǺܽƻԶԶܸӦ侳ߵжԶӶԶǰ侳߽룬Ͼżޡ
Ȼʣż֮ϣӦûиǿްɣЩ޵޺ˣӦøŶԡ
ż֮ϣʵ侳ߵġޡû޺˵ġżͻƵޣ޺˽ڣɱޣҲòκмֵĶܿڵ
ڳȫˣż޵޺ˣ侳ûõ侳ɱޣû޺ˡ
ö˳֮⣬һһöﱾһöǲҪڶöˡھɢֻгͳ¸ջûùһ˷һƿ
޺ȥɢ;֮ǰ˾ˡ
ｫһƿɢ£ʼڷУͷͨϵתֶ߲£˰档
ɢҩѰ侳Ҫһ²ȫգھͨİ£ʮʱ䣬ȫ˾ɢҩԸоĳԣ·һٽ㡣
Ӧþ侳۷ˣҪһһٲ侳˫ۣһ˾ͨ
ʱ洫ĺɷŭ
ãɫһ䣬ȥ
Ͽ֣ŵվϿȳڴ֣Ͽ֮ڣڵϣȾѪһϢɫһ䣬磬¸ʦ֣
ĺɺͺֶܿͨξһɫͨûãϷŪǣһΣҵܵģһģǿ϶֪䣬ٲ˵ŮˣҲ顣
ݺ͵мƣ˵ĻµݣʣµĽɢָɺͳ¸ա
һ貨΢֣嫵ƺХĳ˱ƿ
ǳ÷зǸŵӣ
ڽϿǰɭ˵Ͽȵ˭Ŀ䡣
ûʣҶʦ˵ģ
ɭЦѣһֻ־ſˡ

Ŀһ䣬貨΢֣ٴĳ˻ƿŴ̶ɭȥ
ȻЩֶΡ
ɭɫؼ֣󳤽ʣݺ£µϱ׾ٻƵ
ϿΧ۵ŵӿŵӽ֣׷ĿתؿţҲ̫ţˣȻҸŵӽ֣
ЩŵУһʮҵ޵ضųмżּʣҪҴڱչأˣû뵽ֻʱ䣬־ˡ

ŵɭĿһ䣬ͷѪ֣ͨڵɭעѪͨϵ˲䣬ֶˣâɵͨ
ݣһϸ΢ĺ⻮նΧ۵ŵûһܿ⻮Ĺ켣
ɭΪŵӣ侳ߣܿӦΣգһĺëȻͷһӰ֣ͨͨ
֣ͨɭ֮һɿµĽ𣬵ɭнصҪ͸һƴâ¡
ɭ뿴͵ϮԼʲôʱһƴâʧˣӰ١
ۣɵͨɢһһѪ̲סͷѪͨ趯˼£ɢȥ
ʧˣ
÷ɵͨһʧ֣侳ʵ̫ǿ
ɭ֣ת۵˳ǰһղŴ֮£ֻһ㣬ֻһˡ
ղɱΪʷЦŵӣ侳ߣȻһ侳صŵɱЦ
ʦܣĺɺͺܿŮˣɵɭֻһнͽˡ裬ͨҲɢȥ
ǡѪۿɭЦˡ
Цʲôɭŭ
ЦȻʵǿҲ£㲻ɱҡ
㡭ɭɫһ䣬Ŀ¶⣬Ҳɱ㣬Ҳ㣬ڴϺúϼ¡
ԶΪܱܵˡЦЦù졣
˵ʲô˵ҵܡˣɭɫ䣬ץס˫磬ʵ
ˣɱģһֱԵ
ۿɭĿ¶׺ݣҪ֣ƽ˵һԼΣ
ɭƾʲôԼɱҵܣ֮䲻죡һ
Ҳ̨ɱңЦˡ
㣡ɭһ˫Ŀ죬ȷʵ̨ɱȻȴŵĴҲøᡣ
ҸᣬֻҪӦԼһ̨һ
Ļɭһ𼸷ϣʲôԼ
ԼԲѣһº󣬵ɷϿ̨һһһڣ㲻ҺҵѣΣ
ԼɭЦ
ͷ
ãҴӦˣһº̨ݣֻϣʱһͷڹ꣬ΧôڿǶǼ֤ˡ
ɭ뿪ˣȻܲµԼĴ㡣
ȻһͻƣҲ侳һߣ侳أһʤ
͵ɭԼΧŵӶˣһŵӣȻһŵӶ̨֮Լ
ɭ񻹲ͨ侳һŵӡ
ʮ켣ȺУĿ¶׹⣬пЦԼҪҴҲˡһ侳ŵӣ侳ŵԼսֱ̨


15 ͨ
ŵӳ侳ߣŵӵɭ侳ߣԼһº󣬵ɷϿ̨һݣ
Ϣ쫷һ㴫ţҲˡ
һʱ䣬һˣһʮܻ꣬ǰʮŵӣѾ𺳡
һ侳صŵ̨֮ԼҪ첻ɣ
һսû˿ó
侳侳ǾԵķˮ롣
侳ػ侳أϡ棬侳һػ侳أҲϡ档
侳ػ侳һأǲܵ£
Ǵ󾳽Ĳ࣬蹵
ظ⣬ŵһºǳ̨֮Լ
ظ΢΢ݣǸСһ侳ŵ̨֮ԼȤȤ
һº󣬳ɭ̨һһսŵڴš
ĺɺͺֻܿιȥƲأɺͳ¸ȴ˲СȻнɢİҲҪղܿ
֪͵ɭ̨֮ԼҾһºĺɫ䣬ĺɼʦܣúͿǵɭŵӣһΪ侳أ֡
һЦһҲģʦ㣬İɣΪѵٽ㣬ֻҪһܲ侳֮ǵɭ̨֮Լһº󣬾͸Լ㹻ʱͻơ
ܿһǣɼһͻƣҲֻ侳һضѣ侳ء
ŵаգλʦͷİɡ磬¸ʦ֣Ǻúˣһº󣬿ΪǱ𡣡
һ䣬ľݣԼķ䡣
Цɢȥȡ֮أȻĺǰԵţɳΪǰģΪǵ侳۷ٽûҪڶ̶һͻƵ侳ѡ
ڣֻܼϣھͨˡ
£﻽˾ֶ߲ͨͨ£Ŀʼÿһ˿Ԫڣ嶼̲סһ˺ѷεʹ
Գ侳۷ΪǲԪ˼ޣԪɣٺһ棬ͻƣҪһ
Ȼһº̨֮Լѹ£֪ԼȲˣҲûʱȡ
ѡ˵ķ޾ԪǿԼͻƼޣˮɲ侳
ڹȥȻҲдƾ侳Ϊ࣬ųɳͻƵ˶ڰ;׷׷Ϊʵ̫ʹˣܡ
ĳʹ࣬ȻտʼʹлȽ΢Խʹмǳʼα
һ죬ͷʼð
ڶ죬䤱
죬¡
죬΢
죬¶Ƥ

أҲ֪Լ˶ãϴľʹݶҧ飬ʹ£·ľˡ
Ԫڴϣɽϰ۲֪ʱһëѪȾ죬¶˫պ˫ҲȾ죬һѪˡ
ۣһһīѪߣԳ
ͷѪ֣ͨڳûٻ³֡
ʱѪͨͨһ࣬ȴȥηͨһ˫Ѫ˸˺⣬ų
𣡡ѪͨſѪڣµдԪȫ˹ȥԪӿѪ֮ͨС
һУûܾ·һûĵ
һȥѪͨϷ仯ǰͺ󸹷ֱ𳤳СȻͷͷȸĸСҪЩ
ѪͨҲ˼֣Ƭ
ڣѪֹͨͣԪһѪ⣬ڡ
ת˲֮䣬徹ۿԿٶԭ׳˶˼֣Ѫ±·̺żΪǿ
͡
޳˫һ츲صı仯
ѪɫƬƤϳʮָ쳤ָ֣׻צצ˸·˺һС
߲ͨµĳͬһ㣬Ԫš
һ̣̰ԪԪ¶Է·Ǹɡ
֪ʱ˫ۣоͲ⣬ô£ҵԪˣҺûͻơڻ侳ߣǣҵ岻һˣָо˵
ͷŻ˫צ˫֣һ˫ϵƬצʧͬʱѪͨڳͷ
﷢ı仯ѪͨйأѪͨҲ˱仯ͨͷɵͨû䣬Ҳû侳ߵġڻ侳ߣǣҵ塭
̧΢΢һƣ˺ƿŹֵ
﷢֣ԼһƵԱ֮ǰ侳۷ʱ似ȫĳһơ
ȷʵǴ侳۷ļɣΪûͻƵ侳أҵ巢䣬ǰǿֿ࣬ԼԪˣ⵽ô£ѲҪҰٴδޣܲ侳
ЩԼĶЩʲô£
һ侳۷壬͵ˣٽһ侳
ɳ﷢֣Ȼ侳۷ļޣȴûв侳巢䣬ٴĿռ䡣
ڵ壬ˡȭ̺ܵĿ
ֻѪͨ
һŹֵͷѪͨѪֻͨһƷߵͨǺձ츳ͨ
ﻹڳҵʱ򣬾һЩ伮￴йѪͨļء
Ѫͨһֲʩչ޺һֻͨƾͨս
侳ʱѪͨỺѪͨͷһ֮⣬κα仯
ڳѪֻͨͷĸСίʵ죬ֻˣڵѪͨڣ˫ֻƬ鲼˫צ
͡
һͷѪͨһѪâڡ
˫ٴλ˫צ̧˫צ΢΢Ƴ
ʱ˹֣˫צһܱ֮֮ǰƾ侳۷ΪȫʩչƵ
ѵ˿ĭ¶Ȼѵѵɹˣι


16 ̨֮ս
һµʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥˡ
̨λڵɷϿУоεضһƬ̨һΧһƬƽأҰΪ
̨Ͽܣһźն鲼ķһĳ
ն̨Χƽϡ߿ϣڣǺڵȴʲô
ˣɭˣ
֪˭ߺһŵ̧ͷȥֻ߿һӰϿϿ£ھ̨еһ̨ϣŵӵɭ
յǶһеȴһߵŵӶ׷ڴһǵĽ٣һ̨֮Լȴһµʱ䡣
ʱţյգһǻûκζ׵һŵ̲סԹǸӻ󡣡
ǲ˰ɣһŵӣǿŵӣҲ֡
ӦòᣬٵȵȰɣϾֻԼ˽һսҲû˵ʲôʱ򡣡
ǼһϲŹɣ
ѻ죡

ۿϺߣһЩĸŵɫһǸǺôļӣǾõȡ
Ҳ룬ûȰɣ
СӲıԼ˰ɣ̨ϣȴʱĵɭɫһ
ˣˣ
ŵӶͷʱһƳա
ͬʱϿϿĵӰ˳£ϣţһӰ̤ն£ƽȵе̨ϡ
ˣһΪ㲻ˡգҾҪΪҵܱѪߣοҵ֮飡ˣɭЦܿ죬̲ͫסһΪ֡ǰ˵Ϊô
侳أ
ŵ̲סܿ죬ڳŵӶ˼̨ϵĳһ۾Ϳֻһ侳صߡ
Уﲻ侳ǻǰʮôֻһ侳ߡ
ô£ϴҲĿ˳սһսȷʵ侳ɡڣô侳ˣ
һ侳ߣͼɭ侳һս̨

ŵӵеŵӶ̲סһڵĳֻһ侳ߣΪôǽΪֻһʱ䣬ʹ侳ؽ侳ˣ
Ź֣СһйŹ̨֡ϿգɷϿһᲱϣ˾վ
ԭ룬һͻƵ侳һأҾܾʩչȫԸ㣬ڿһָ㣡ɭƬ̣Цһ侳ߣоһĴڡ
һָңЦˣЦúܲãɭҪҪԣ
Ծԣȥ
ɭЦһ粽һȭһȭͷΧ֮಻ֱȥ
ɭȻʩչ似ţȭϷŪ侳صΪţȭҲ׾ٴΪֻ侳صĳˡ
û뵽ֻǹһ£Ϊֻû侳ؽ侳أѵӢţ
ʱ˺ͳһĺ⣬û˿óó侳صΪ¡㿪ɭһȭ
Щ˷·ˣһ侳ߣ似ϣӰ׸ߵϿϿ̤ն似ҲҪеġ
ۿɭǰţȭϾҪ䵽ϡ
ž
ﶯˣ̧֣ץסɭȭͷµڳ
ʼգֺδ
⡭
ΧսŵɲǼһƬţһϲ˼ݡ
ֻĺ¶Цݣһ㶼ȡ
Сһ
Ჱϵˣɶݡ
ȥ̽ﶼ侳ߣڳչֳʵ侳ϵģ
ƣ
Ŀ΢䣬ץŵɭȭͷֻȻƣ嫵Ƴ
˲䣬Ƴգ
ĵɭˣһֱۻ޹ǰ£ˡ
Ҫ
ҧžʹɭ˫۷޹⻪
ͷ֮ϣһӰ֣ͨˣʵĳ֮Уɭʣµһֳֽ̳
ڽ˸ʵ÷Źֵ
ɭһƽȴ̺˼ΪµĽ⡣
޳޳ɭΪ侳ߣȻ޳أ츳ίʵ
ŵϳ˵ɭĽ
޳Ƽ߽׽޳ֻز
޳ɭĽͨȻ·ܴݻһУֱָ
һ̺̺ͨȻǿӦǵɭʩչǿֶˡ
ĿһﲻҵͷѪͨҲˡ


17 侳ʮһ
Ѫ֣ͨһѪ⣬ڡ
ɲǼ䣬˫һ˫ְƤһѪɫƬǣʮָ쳤צޱȡ
˫ɱ˲䣬ɭĽҲˡ
˫̧ȫ˫צ·̺صȫĳ
䣡
ųĳһ˺ƳյըХ䣬ӭ˵ɭ޳
޳޼᲻ݣ
Ȼӭĺ޳ϣ侳еġ
Ƶͺޱߣ壬·޾
ټĳҹ಻֮£һһصĿХ䡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ת֮䣬ͽɭϹ뽣еĥ𣬸ĽͨҲݿ
ž
ɭнϵҲܲסѹϳء
ͨ𣬵ɭܷɣ
⣬ĺϣ֮˳ȥ
ˡ
˫ȵŵض貨΢֣׷ȥ
ٴ£ͳĻ𣬡㲻ҪΪܱô㲻ҪѪߣο֮ô
ĵɭȻ䳰ĻһѪ
һ̣޾İûڣ
ΪʲôΪʲôһҪΪԼܱܵأ
Ϊ磬ֻԼҪģûˣʲôûˡ
£ɭؿڰȥûϢ
һ̨̣Χ·õһ㣬ŵӼž
Щŵӣһ˼ض̨ϵĳ֮ǰΪֻ侳ߵŵӡ
˭˵ֻ侳ߣ侳߻࣡һЩŵ
ʲôֶΣȻԼΪ
ڳŵӵڣǿֻһ侳ߡ
СһͨȻѪͨЩƣѪͨһƷģصСһ
Ჱϵˣͬʱѣ壬֪ʱһӰ
̨һսŵɭĻ˵Ԥϡ
һǰһŵӹȻɭ̨֮Լû˿
죬ɱɭʵ֤Լɹ˱졣


̨Χŵӣ̨һϮŷεĳ׷׻ŵӵҫ֤ˣŵӣδؾͲŵӡ
ҹȻûˡվȺ棬ѵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ܣôܣ֣ɱŵӡ˻ϲ˳Ⱥ֮Уϱ̨緢ĳһϾǲŵɫ
ҸĲ࣬Զˡ
ٻӰվϣҧ
һȻݳΧ֮֮߳꣬ŮԶԶ˦Ī
ĸǰں󣬱һΪ̼ƴ
ۿԼãܲ侳أ׷ϳɾʱ洫һϢ
һڵŵӣżվͽʵŵǰʮİ׳ܣ˰׳֮ء
º󣬵ɷϿĿ֮£ｫʵͰ׳൱սܡ
ͬʱһϢﾹȻһ侳صŵ̨֮Լһº̨ݣ
һ˵ɷϿʹŵһҲΪʤҪſŵеġ
ɽ𺳣ԭһֱǰԽ־֧顣
ߣֻмһǰη־ܲϣǳˡˣ֮·Ҳߵòˡ
һԶٳˣִԼԽ־
ۿĺȥŵж¶֮ɫ
صϿУ¸һܣʹ죬ʹ죡Ǹɭһǰ⣬ֺĿһС뵽һºĽգڡ
Ϊô£ΪʲôЩŵӶ˵侳ߣɺʵ
ǰô£ĺɺͺܿҲ濴
ʵҲ֪ô£ұȡͻƵ侳ģ˭֪žͲ֪ȥˡЦ
žͲ֪ȥˣ
һŹֵضųܿʣʦܣѵ侳ߣЩŵ˵ӦʲôֶԼΪ
ĶʲôΪֶΣڻ侳߰һԵУûӦ㲻侳ߡ
ŵӿ̽Ϊֻ侳ߣ
о˺ͱ˽Ȼ֮ͬ·侳أѲָΪΪ
ΪӦ˵侳ʮһأ
Ѱߵ侳ؾ͵ޣ˼޵巢䣬ٴھǱԼҲζţڵ壬侳زǼޣһµĿʼ
侳ʮһأǳԼΪĶ塣


18 侳ǿ
ݳ⣬һ硣
ȾѪĺѪһӣ߽ݳǣһϮɫۣʮͷòݣĿ罣
ϼҡ
̧ͷһǰۡңޱ飬ǰȻҪֱӽϼҡ
Ǻˣ
󵨣
ŵϼӵɫһ䣬ӿµĺѪ֮ǰϼңݳǵĴ壬Ұ
һ̧֣ţתۼ۳һ棬潣â£һ˸Уֻнһӣһɫâ£ϼҴſڵնΡ
ǽȥϻ϶˳ҶأҽձѪϴϼңϼݳǳĿͺһ
ϼӵǰƾʱɫͱˣ찡ʲôֶΣƾ۳һֶΣϼǿļҲɣ
˲ҵŵسϼҡ
ϼңϼҴźϼǰԺΪںѪϣȴš
ʱһ˺ƺƵΪ׵ϼҼ
ɫÿ£ߵŵϼӵ˵ˣӾ۳ɽֶΣϼӵ֪ܲʲôȴһ侳ߵֶΣֻ侳еΡ
ʸºˣϼҿʲôط˸£ѪϵӣѹеķŭҾ
Է侳ǿߣϼһ򵥡
ݹݳǣǳ̩ǿߣҲ侳ء侳ǿ߽ݳǣֻҪԸ⣬ڿƾһ֮¾ݳǡ
ϼңֻݳеһѡ
ϻϺڣϼҼǫ޶ãڡ
£֪ܺͶε㣬ҶʩӼҷϳͲ⣬벻ͨǿΪһ͵ҪܺͶӡ
ϻϲվϼš޵̧Ŀʼ
ҿСͣʮͷ侳ǿߣ϶ۻˡСӣҵϼҰϳҪС
վһˣһˣϳмɨ˺Ѫϵһۣ˫ȰӶ֣ӳ֡
ݣ
ȻϳһûֻѪƾһն£âϵ£˱նΣȳζѪޱȡ
ϣϼ˱ϼҶϳ侳صĴڣʵֻϼҴϺͼ֮¡
ڣѪϵӣһͽɱˣˮɴ࣬䣡
Į
ϻϣһڵѪǿϼҪˣΪԼܺͶӻܻڣѡ
ϻٲվϼҶҪᣬ˿ɶԷĻ
ղӳɱϣ԰ٷְٵȷ϶Է侳ǿߣԷƾ棬侳ǿе۶ɡ
Ӱվ˳һˣһˣʱж͸¶
ϻӿˡ
ǡϻҧȻɥ׼̲סʵ£Ƿף
˭˵Ҫɱ㣿ӵͺһϻĿһɲǣ۵£һϻһֱҲն
ȥҲɱ㡣
ϻʹ£¶ٺϲãȻû˫ۣɱϾţû˫ۣ˫ȿá
ţֿϡ
˿ȻҪһ첲ܻͲˡ
ֻǣ벻ͨô侳ǿ鷳ƽʱݳȻ竣ͻ˵ϸ֪Щ˲붯侳ǿߡ
ϼҼ˴ϻȥٿʱ˿ڳϼһ侳ǿֻҪϵһ첲
Ȼ
ݣٴ£Ѫ䣬һжϣi˶ϳĺ󳾣ףΪζԷֻǷһ첲ȴҪ
Ҷ
ı˻ϼ˿ħһĿ⣬ӵתͷºѪҡ뿪ϼҡ
һһնɱϼҵϵӵܣ֮
ڰ˳䡣
ϼ˰ο벻ͨϻôǵôֲĴڵģ侳ǿߣ˵ϼӦôϱ߲Ŷԡ
źѪϼң뿪ݳǡ
߳ţңңϷһۣƽ¶һ˿΢Ц̺簮Сһض򣬱ȥ㣬ɴ˵ˣֵֻԺټˡ
ǸϻȻ˵ҪֽǸͰ㡣
ϣΪûǸ֪ҲǸ磬磬ϼҡҪǿ󡣡
ãأһ޼ʣһһ߶У۳֮䡣


19 
壬һϿڡ
˵㣬֪ʵǿǰ̨ɱ侳ŵӣйأΨ侳߲ܳΪŵӣȡŵӷκơ
ǼǷŵӷκƵĳϣǣ޷֤侳ߣҿΪֻ侳أ޷侳ߵϳΪŵӵ
һû뵽ĵ»Ƿˣüͷ𣬡ϣѵûİ취
ڵĹҲ֪Ϊŵӣ侳ߡ
ȻʵԺ侳߱⣬ǰɱ侳صŵӵɭȴ侳ߣǲʵ
ϣʦܵʵɱŵӣʵΪŵӦô´ɣͳһĺ̲סڡ
֪ŹˣҲû취ǰҲûֹΪŵҲû취ֻҪõϿɣС
ǰϵĻЦõϿɣ
ںôҲĸˣɵڶû˵ǳҲֻλһλǷŵӷκƵģһλǰλ
ظλҲ㣬Ǿλ
ϣˡ΢΢Ƿĺһ뿪
ʦܣô죬ûгΪŵӣŹأظ¥ǲ㿪ŵġĺɵ֪ＱΪŵΪʲô
ʦ㣬Ȼȥɣȥʲô
ĺɲ⡣
ظ⣬ظ˰û˹Ĺ似ҲֵС
ǰ﹧
ţĶ¥Ĺ似
ǡ
ȥɣ¥Ĺ似һ¥һֻܽһףٰ黹
ﱾΪԼҪͣһδеͨ˭֪ʲôʣֱӾ϶¥ȥĹ似
ôˣͻȥͷ˯˸Ƿ˿ʼĿ
裬ҽ裡Ｑˣ粽ظߣ˷ڡ
Ȼػظλû֮⣬Ϊβȥ
ΪŵӣΪظ¥Ĺ似
ȥ˫ۣ۴΢ЦСһѲΪһƽǷΪŵӣЩˣֱϼһﻹ̣ͨ
ظ¥ûмѰҹ似
ʱ侲о˲ԣظ˺ǹһ㡣
Щ벻ͨλԲ͵ˣΪôչԼ
ˣһ似뿪ʱúллˡ
ｫĿ˶¥Ĺ似棬۲
ظ¥Ĺ似һ¥ľҪٶˣַ˼ףֻǻƼ߽׹似ͽ׹似
ƣͽ似䣬پķʺԹߺͻͨӵ
Ƽ߽׹侳ʱۺϱ似ʺϱͨӵ
ȣͽ似磬٣ʺԹߺͷͨӵ
˰ʱ﷢ظ¥õĹ似ͽ׹似
̲ס룬нס߽׵似ظ¥ֻԪϺͺĵӲܽġ
˰죬ظ¥Ĺ似෭飬ﶼûҵһʺԼ似
ȻֻǻƼн似ɺĳҹ˾Ϊƥ䡣
ظ¥似ͽ似ڳ￴Լĳҹ˾δؾƺá
󣬳Ŀһ似棬̤ѩ޺ۣͽ似£ѩ϶˿ۼ
似ò˵ȳڵ貨΢Ҫöࡣ
侳أظ¥ѵͲŴ
һ̶̧ͷһһŵӴ¥ݿڴ
￴ŵһۣûԹԷŹ似
û˵
νۿ˽ظ¥似ŵӲɫһ
γأΪ侳أ˭֪һ侳ŵӶҲܴ
Σʶ𣿡ͷҲ̧ʵ
ʶ
νһϣɫǺ죬ʶ
ȻʶҪش㣿似̤ѩ޺׼ѡ似
ͣ
Ѷ¥Ĺ似ȡ£׼ߣνЦһŹأظ¥ֻŵӲܽ¥似ֻŵӲܽģһŵӣ϶¥ΥŹأѶ¥Ĺ似ߣ
ǡﵭһЦνظ¥
ߣҾͲܵǼǽ׹似
νҲ¶¥뿴ſ侳ŵγԱ
һ̣ƺһ⣬ŵ࣬żȴǼߣֹ侳صŵӣ
һŵӣΪҲ侳ء
ۿ׹似ȥظ˴Ǽǣν¶Цҿ㻹ôſ񣬶¥Ĺ似һŵܽĵģ
Ȼһ̣νɵˡ
ţ̤ѩ޺ۣܺõ似֮ǰ貨΢öˣСһ۹ⲻظΪǼţ¶΢Ц
ֻŵӰɣνͻأ˵ظ˵Ц΢΢һͣĿһתϡ
֪ظ˵
Ȼ֪㻹ظ¥Ĺ似һŵӣûʸظ¥Ĺ似ɣΥŹأǷӦϳͣνû뵽ظˬ죬һ䡣
ظ˴źνҡҡͷ꣬ŵӡŵӣĵӡԪϣҪظҪͨңʲôͷ£Ҫ̣
νɫһ䡣
ʱǰڵλȻ֪λϣظڶԺҪһͨأ

ظۿνԭأ뿪üһƣͺһ
һ۳ߣνĤúνһһѪ³
ֵظһۣνתֻȥ
󾪣ȻͲµ˲򵥣Ҳû뵽˿¡
ֻһȣܽŵѪҪ˿ûӰ쵽ҪεȿµĿ
лǰֶһ
лң侳ߣǶҲûܡһЦ·ܿ͸
һû뵽۹˶΢΢һЦǰҲлҸŵӣҲл㣬Ϊŵظ¥Ĺ似
ȤȤ˹һЦؿų
ǰҾ뿪ˡǵ
ȵȡ˭֪˽ס


20 
似Ϊ˽Уɳ꣬õϡ
ظ뻳ͳһ׹ӵ似ݸ
ͷһ似Ϊѵצ
򿪵һҳһ֣ͫȻһ
ѵצؼͽ似ѵؾؾصӣؿơ
Ȼ˵ʲôơﲻǱסˣؼ
ѵצǵؼ似
ظһ¥Ͷ¥ظһ¥Ĺ似ǻƼͽ׺ͻƼн׵ģ¥ǻƼ߽׺ͽ׵ġ
¥Ȼûȥ²⣬¥Ҳδеؼ似
ǰ̫ˡ
˿е似˻ȥ
ؼ似˵Ķǲܵġ
׵ؼ似ѵצΪģĳҹ˾Ϊƥ䣬ѪͨҲá
Ѫͨڣ˫ֻɵ˫צѵצյЧ
񣬳ｫôһ似ݻȥҲ˺ܴľġ
ͷͳȥĶջصĵҪͷյˡظһںӣ
ǰЦĲ֪ǹô˵ģһʱ䣬ֻоġ
һ顣
ˣͲѧ裬Ƿͷʲôսѵצ£ͷҼʶʶ似꣬һֱûΪҵʵˣ㣬Ҳ֮ء
ǰһ֪ôƺ﹧ʵ
һϱǡ
ǣϡͷ뿪
뿪ظ󣬿ǰ·ϵһˣЦ粽ǰУɴ
վס
νһڳȥ·ϡ

Ŀ¶׹⣬ͺһֻ
ŵӣղظһģΪ۸ɣ
㡭ҹ
νһЦȷûëһ侳صŵӣҹ
ݱ𣿡ŭЦ
Ȼ
νһҺνŵӣһΪ侳ء㣬һŵӣΪ侳ء룬϶ǿϵܰŵİɣãߺŵĹϵܺұȣҵݣ󣿡
ǺǡЦˣĿһ罣ȻˣߺŵĹϵԼ㵽̨һսΣ㣬ɸӦս
̨һս㣬ɸӦս
νһϣôҲû뵽һھҪԼ̨һս
һ˲䣬ɫһ˼ּɵ
侳أȻçײĴ
ǰʮߵ֪ĵϸ󣬾̨һսԷ޵ķʸ
ֻǣôҲʮʲô֮ͬ
ʮ꣬ݹԪҲҲ侳ϵĴڰɣ
ον侳ߡ
ôˣЦƹνǰߡ
һŵӣղŻ̸˵Լʲô侳ߣȴҸߺŵŵ̨ǿЦ
ΧһЩŵӣĻŹֵν
ȻһЩϳ˳ŵӣǰ̲סһкϷˣ
˭˵ҲңãǱ̨̨ϽʬΡ
ΧŵӵĹŹĿ⣬νҲע⵽ˣױŭ
ںνһʮ꣬Ҳӵлʵ侳ߡ
ɷϿϷͺνһȺŵӵĴӵ³֡
һݵץסһͨϿڵȥ
ߣɷϿҪķԼ̨һսǿЦ
νĶһЦϿ֮С
̫ˡ
һȺŵӣĿⶼЩ졣
ǵȻʶͼʹŵӺνɾ衣
λͬţҲϽȥϿڵͬŶǵ죬˵úùսҶܺ棬ǲܻ侳صŵӡһŵȿڣԾ˵ɷϿ
ԣͬ˵©죬Ҫúν֪˳֮ǰ¼ܾͲ̨ˣǾûϷˡ
Բ·ǸϽȥֹЩͬš

һӰץ˵ɷϿɷϿ׷̨ȥռ̨Ĺս֮ء
νսɷϿһ̨
ϡЩǱĳʱϵķ̸Ҳ̨һսҿ⣬
ﵱȻע⵽˺νĿеĲм֪ԼĿĴﵽˣﰵЦϷ̨̤
ǳ
찡ˣĶһŵӣǲ֪ŵӵΪΡ
Һͳ̨ŵӣҲ侳ϵİɣǰĵɭ侳Ϊһͱɱˣû侳ΪӦòҺͳСһ̨

˵ЩˣȻԭڵɷϿԼս߹սŵӡ
꣡С㣬Ǹν侳ŵӣ񻹲֪ǰǼ£ɱ˵ĻȻֱ̨Ͳˡ
ǣǾûϷˣѵܲɱ侳ߣ
ɷϿЩŵӣ׷׵ѡ
ԭ
ĻȷʵȻ϶ˡ
Ҿǿ԰νǾأһŵ˫΢У¶ƻЦ⡣
ôΧŵӶ档
ҵġ
ŵӵһЦ˺ɤžͶ̨󺰣ֵܣҷ㣬һ侳صŵӣҺһλǿ侳ŵ̨ɼΣţƣ
ΧŵڷӦ˹׷װ̾С˲ţҲ˽ȥźԣҲ㣬侳Ϊ̨Լս侳ŵӶ治ɫǿڵȺӡ
ͣҪžһ㣬Ϊ⡣Ϊŵҫսɣ

̨ϣ˷ϴġĿùЩŵӣǡ̫ɰˡ

νЦΧĴûʲô
ʱĵ׽һ˿ɵȻ޴棬һ侳صŵӣǰϡ
ڻȷϣŵӣһ⡢ļһ
ȻҾͳȫ㣡


21 â
СӣûΪܻҵĲࡣһ侳ŵӣߺŰŵģԼ̨Ͼͻ֪ҸĲ࣬ңǵģҵһ𣬾ע·һ
ν粽¶ЦӸӶԷ
һƵںνܲƣÿһЯ侳е
һ侳صķ侳ŵУҲҫˡνûпѹԼת۾ʹ̨ΧΧ۵ŵӶˡ
̨ΧŵӣһĿŹ֣Щŵǳ鴤ǿЦ⡣
˺Ĭûһ˳
˵𣿡Цˡ
ڻЦó
νһͣܿ죬ָֻ˸߰ģҲˣëڻΣһ侳ߣܻ侳߰ɣϾͻѣڽ١
ﵭɨ˺νһۣ³֡
㡭ҷ
ν˫һ粽
似֣䳤֪ʱС
˺ѿһʰ״ĵ⣬ն
νŭˣ侳صķҽ裬ֻöԷѪϴˢ
νʩչ似ǡӰ١Ƽ߽似ٶ֮죬أʵ
ȷʵĵͽ似Բµ˵Բµأ۳Բ̬νʩչԲµ۵ĵ⣬Ϊ״Ӧء
ԲµϾͽ似أѶҲڻƼ߽似أνʵǰǸɭǿˡ
̨⣬һЩʵŵӣ۹⼫Ϊ
νϾҪˣֱͨ
ҲֲУֻһ侳ߣûκвȫʩչԲµԼСˡ
ͨʵǰȫֵĵɭ൱סһơ

̨⣬սŵӷ׷ꡣ
νʦ֣ͨǰ̨ϻɱ侳ŵӣΪƭˣ
ۿνҪһ֮Ȼ̨Ͽһϴ
սŵӶ˿֮ˡ
һˣͱȳԴЩΪȴȳˣֻ侳ء
̨ϣͷѪ֣ͨתۻһѪڡ
˲乤˫ֻ˫צƺĳӭ˺νԲµ
ã
ڳɲǣν͸о˲ףһ侳ʩչֶΣ
̨һѣνٸе
ǰ̨ϻɱ侳ŵӣ
Ϊ
ûκγɣνͨȻֳȵĻӰǵ¡
νͨǻͨȻͨͨɲǣµĻ֮Х䣬ȵĻԲµһӭ˳ȫʩΪơ
ƺ嫶಻޾
Բµͨµ˺ѳգ滯޳
ߵһ𣬿µ˵弸ͬʱɳȥ
̨⣬һƬžеŵӶ̲סһ
ؼʱ򣬺νǶԼĻͨսƽ֡
أν¶һ˿ҡ
ҿǵѣȻղſ¾ͱɱˣû뵽ԼͨԲµȫʩΪûռֱˡ
ʲôʱƶô׺ˡ
ȻҲ֪Է֮ô£ȫΪʩչߵԵʡ
Զվĳ⣬ʮ꣬źµʵ̫ˣ
Ǻεȿµ츳
ѹ֣ѹҺԼԼս̨Է⣬кһʵ
ϱ
ղ̨ɲǣ˭˺⣬Ϊ޳ܵļһղžͰѺνɱˡ
ﲻòϣ侳ȷʵǿ󣬸ɭȫһεġ
νҲվԶ꣬ڵʵ൱ûҪȥ˰ɣ
ûҪȥЦˡ
ôѵΪ㻹лɱң
νͺһҳϣղûλʦѣҿ϶ɱˣ֪ĵϸ˷֮ģɱң
ν㣬ֻ侳ߣڽΣʡ
ֻ侳ߣѾһʬ塣ν
Ǻǡǲˣʵɱң޲ýʬΡڣۼ޷ɱңһ仰ʹ˽ǵĶԹÿ𣿡ﷴʡ
ۿν˵һڣ̨Χν㱾ʶҵظĹ似Ҳû㣬ԼǰΪŵӵЩҲƽϣҽ˹似㻹ͼңԼŭظǰظǰһˣޣҵͷϣظҳҡ㵱Ϊûл
˳ĻΧŵӶ˳ͺν֮ĶԹ
ν֮ǰΪֻһ侳ŵӣٰѣ裬Լŭظǰǰˣޣһмڳͷϡ
ۿʵҹһжԹ

Ŀ磬ɫ׵ĺν粽ν̨ϣݣգҶˣһ
ںν̨̤һ𣬳˱ɱνľġ
νղ͵־ؽ޷ֲѷ죬ֱӰ쵽ԺС
ԣΣνɣ

νЦղȫʩΪҲսƽ֣ɱҵʵԺɱҵʵҲɵӣ̨ڣҿûôй裬ȸˡ
䣬ν̨ȥ
ȵȡͻȻڡ
ţνվŲһЦôѵҲɣ
Цˣ˫𣬡νѵΪղʹȫ
νһһ̣ۿﻯצһһƵӰצۡ
νԤУƼ߽Ӱ١̨֣
ݣââ
νһո̤˾ͽԭأͬʩչ˶
һ̣źνϵѪ쭳ѪߣȻء
ĵɷϿһž
ںν뿪̨ʱŵӶΪﻹɱ
ȻۿνҪ̨߳ؼһ̽סһ̣ʹνʩչ似ˣ
ûܿô£ڳŵӣʵǿҲ侳أһ޷͸ֶΡ


22 ˼
ô㻹ܣ
̨ΧŵӶɱν֮󣬵ŵضһϣһ׼뿪ɷϿǰ
꣬˶ӡ֮ǰѺνǸˡ
СӲͳйڰɣ
ӦǣȻһ侳ŵӣðŵķȥѺνҿҪùˡ
֪ôѵ

ϵŵӷ׷ÿԾؿճһ鳡ظ
лλʦ֡ʦ㡣￴ЩÿŵӣҾ
ۿòΧŵӶʱԳøо׷׻֮һЦ
ʲôɲҪҲ̨㲻ɱҡϱ¶֣ΪԼѣνӦɱ˭֪νôûã֪ղҿѺν
Ҳû˵Ҫɱ㡣ﵭһЦһ̧֣׾ٽϱķɳȥ
ţ粽ϣ䣬ƾͰϱͷϱҿƤˣݳоԹôҲһţͬŷϣûȥ鷳
һ߳ϱݺ߷˵û뵽Ҳ鷳㵹ңղʵЩΪԺνѣ촦
һŰϱһ
ΧŵӴӳĻУԳϱĳԹҲһ˽⡣
ȻϱڱúܲңûһͬϱԭϱĸʦгղǴ뺦ʦܡ
ߣˣɱҲΪֻϧйأŵӲ̨ûɱ
ͳʦԹʦ֮ͬ飬ûȥ鷳ʶȤҪʦܣ˸ô򣡡

ϱͱͷĿѣΧŵӻϽ͵ĻһѪɴػ˹ȥ
λʦ֡ʦ㣬ʦ뿪ˡ
һɨԹȥϱ̧ͷΧŵӣ΢ЦҾҲ˻񣬽貨΢֣̤ն˳ϿϿյ뿪˵ɷϿ
գ̨ϣȺɱһ侳ŵӡһ侳ŵӣܿ죬ٴ쫷ϯ£رǳͺνһսŵӷ׷̾ϢôԼôãûȥսء
ظ⣬ظˡϡ֪ºĿһСһǵšӵǺθڣţǼ£ٿɡ
Χľͨ壬ǧţǧ֮ϡǧţǧ֮ϵǺĵӺԪϵ֮ء
һͨ庣ǧ״ȻۣĿԶҰˣôпյ
һӰԶһ׳˶ֻ꣬׳˶꿴һЦǸŵİɣ
ͷ
ôһСǰ̨ɱһ侳ŵӣҲˣվȻ̨ɱһ侳ŵӡŶ͵ʱƺֻ侳ذɣ
˵ɱһŵӣ侳أ΢΢ݡ
ǰֱǸСɴúܣ²Ҫãͻټˡнģʱ϶ٲ˸㽱׳˶Ľ
Ŀ⸴ޱȣȻݳʱʶ츳ȴҲû뵽
гγ˰
һֲֿ̾ٶȼɳȥٹʮ꣬УһǳĶ֡
ﵱȻ֪ٴΪ𶯣һϿѵצѵצǵؼͽ似Ѷȸܱȵģ˰죬־оͨİѵצһصżԲ룬ܾòЩʲô
磬Ƿ磡ˡ
ҹĻ٣Ȼ֪ԼΪγٳ޷ѵצһˡ
ѵצһأצ綯޷磬
Ͽ滷ɽֻһͨĳڣķ磿
ȥҸзĵطɽĵط˴㡣
ɱһ侳ŵӵ£ҲϿһļͬУĺ˶𺳵ЩľˣʦܾǸھɱһ侳صŵӣǶˡ
ʦ㣬Χľͨ壬֪бȽǿɽ𣿡ĺɡ
ǿɽ磿ĺɻ󣬡ĵطʲô
һµ似Ҫһɽĵطû
ʦܣҪ似ĽĵˣĺЩȣֻ֪һЩ似Ҫضĵطû뵽ﾹȻĴظڽĵ似
ǡͷû˵ԼҪǵؼ似
νƥǶģؼ似ݹڣҲǼΪϡ似
˵ɽ磬ҵ֪һطҡܿͳ¸ǰڵͨ壬ͨΪΧƵĹϵϿʼз磬˵һǧϵɽ磬ܹεۡ
ĺɵĻĿһ֪ǾҪҵĵط
磬λʦ㣬¸ʦ֣쿪ʼҪ뿪һʱ䣬ĵطȥ˶еһ𣬸Ǵк
峿뿪ϿȣǱߵһͨȥ
ĺɡܿͳ¸ǰĵطһرͨ壬ͨ壬ͷҲߡ
ܿ죬˺׵ĵطȻоӭɽ硣
ߣԽǿѵצһصٶȾԽ졣
һǧ׵ĵطһɽ·Աߵʯдšš֡
֪ŵĵطˡ
üͷһƣߣһŵӲҽţΪûŵ֮ء
ɳﲻͬŵӣֻҪ侳ϵģ塣
ѩǱ߾Ȼѩ
ϵһǧ׵ĵط﷢ԶһϿڵĵ棬һƬѩأ겻ڵ֡
Ŀһ治Ͽȳ˳ɽ磬ѩظĵ似̤ѩ޺ۡ˵ѩĵط°빦Ч
ûмŽȥһֱδһǧ˰׵ĵطҲûٷһѩϿȡ
ȻһϿȣӦͨжһ޶ѩء
ߣﾶ߽ѩϿȣһϿȼΪӰ׳Ͽȵ
Ҳ֪ûŵУҲ֪жǿ
ﲢûʧȥǣСϿߣܿ죬ϿȵȻһȻȪȪֻ֮¶Ȫһǡ
ѩأȪ
ֱ˼á


23 Ͽ
ˣ𣿡
Ȫʵɰ춼û˻Ӧ
ûˣÿϴ衣һͨ庣ǧϣ·类ˮʪоǳϵ·ȥǰȻȪС
Ȫоϵƣʧˣɸ̾Ǹõط
֪Ȫ˯˹ȥʱҹĻѾ٣ں˯õһֻоˬ˵
ϿȣϡѩأȻȪôõ֮أ˵Ӧû˰֣ܿȻˣôʲôˣȶԷԷǿ뿪ǡ
Էûǿֱˣ
Ϊ磬ǿʳûκ
ҹµա
ϿѩһĴУϥͷһӰ֣ǳľͨһ߲ԾͨһڵҹԵøҫֶۣ߲£ڡ
ɫԣںҹһө⣬һּٶȴ˳߲ܵ⣬̶˳壬ЩԪŨ˺Ȼŵĵزڵٶȣþͨʱࡣ
츳ǿߣٶȼ죬ʱϡԪ۳ΣڵĳǴ״̬رоͨԪ۳̶ȸΪš
˿̵ĳΪƽȣɫͶԪԴԴ壬Ѫǿǣͨ
ֱڶգ߷ǰף﷽ӣâһţӰ
վǸһǳǳЦݣȻûͻƣоˣһԳ֮Ϊ侳ʮһصΪȹ
ʮ꣬һΪﲢû֪ڿ侳صΪҲֻ𲽶ѣƬ嫹Ǭ½ϣľǿߣܹշУھ⣬ңѡ
뵽粽֣߳ѩأӭϿڴɽ磬ʼѵצӭɽҲģ
ھͨİ£ʱ䣬ڽѵצһˡ
͡˫ֳצѵצڳʩչ˺ѳգоѵצȻѵצֻһأϾǵؼ似һصͲصơ
һѪ֣ͨڣ˫ֻ˫צѪͨ˫צʩչѵצԤϣνӦ֣ǿ
ƺĹƥ䣬Ѫͨȴ㲻ƥ䣬ѵצĹѪͨΪƥ䡣
ǵؼ似⻹ֻǵؼͽ似ΪƼн似ѵצĲ̫࣬𺳡
ѵצǵؼͽ似ѵצ֮ϣеؼн似ؼ߽似켶似ؼͽ似Ǳȵؼ似Ҫǿ켶似жǿ
ﲻȥ
ѵצһأѪͨ˫צʩչӦöܺյİƱˣܸǿʱҶܳ׷ˡѵצһأǿܳ¾صơ
ؼͽ似ѵצ̫𺳣Լ似ظظˡϡзж
ݶ飬̫ˡ
ѵצһأֻʱˣɺĵڶأ㻨һ£оͨҲǲһЩƿ
֪ԼܼȥȻֻùһµиｫעתƵͽ似̤ѩ޺ۡ棬ȫ
̤ѩ޺ۣһѩϿȷʵյЧֻǰʱ䣬ͽأȻٶȻǱص貨΢һ˿ڳ￴ֻҪ̤ѩ޺أӦþ걬ص貨΢ˡ
ǰ¹ȥ̤ѩ޺۲أٶȷʵʤص貨΢
͡Ѫ۱鲼˫צ£·𶼱˺ѡ
˫צӹ֮һ£ϿڴΪƽȻ˫צ͵һ֣Ĵץ飬ľм׷ɡ
ˣϲڳɹˣѵצأ
ѵצһأ޳ѵһؾҪ޳ѵצأҪѵһؾĻϵӡѵضؾѶȾ
ѵؾؾԽԽѣѵצΪؼ似ӵƥͬʱѶҲߡ
֪Ͽˡ
ջܴͽ似̤ѩ޺ۡأǵؼͽ似ѵצ˶ء
ѵצȫʩΪȷԶơ
ʦãһȥǰ꣬Ǽʲô£
ͻȻһ߰Ͽ⴫ԽԽĽŲһһأȻˡ
û£ֻûȥˣһʱ䡣ţһŮҲС
Ǻˣ˵Ů뿪˰ꣿط£ѵһ˲䣬·ʲôˣط֮Ů˵֮أֻǣ뿪˰ꡣ
׺󣬳ﵹҲûʲôôõĵطð˷ѣرϿȻȪ˯ĺˬ
ʯǰй㣬տ֮أκ˽𣿡Ů˺ʲôˣżŭ⡣
ôܣʲôô󵨣ǰҾͶһŵӷŹ˭̤ʦ֮أҶ˵Ǿ漴ȡ֮ǷŭܵƵķŭ
ҵĴ֣˭ʲôˣŵӣŪģ
ǰһ￴һӰǰԷݵɲǣЩʧҿ϶ŹҶüŮˣƯŮˡ
ֻǣƯŮܻؿ
ʦ㣬ʱûˣ֪֮أ뿪뿪Ů¶ˣһ˵ģ֪أͻأ𼸷Σ֮ǰͷƬֺΪֲģڿһֲġ
úõһƬ֣ΪѵצԵʣ붼ˡ
տһŮ˵ż䣬ˣ
ʵ¡
£ŮһһףϿȪҲ
ͷţ˯
˯
ˣϿȪ˯
Ů˻ܵһ𣬺̧ͷߵʯгź⣬ʯ룬ǲӦøһͣǰй㣬տ֮أ˽롭㣬ôտģ


24 ν
һ侳ŵӣҵʯĻǶ߷磿
ʯ˫⣬ɱˣڶ֪˶ٴˡ
ۿŮ˳ʯʯԶԣֻ̲סһŭԱλʦĴΣΪѪʯʲô
Լʦеһ£֪δʦ㣬ҳЦΪӲɣ
һ侳صķ˵֪ʯʲôˣʯɫһ䣬û뵽ŵӻҶ죬¶ɱ⡣
Ҳʶ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôˣֻ֪ȻǰӦʦУǾӦþ𣡡ͺһȻʯӣ˿òǰһͨ壬ţһϿȣʼգûҡҡ
ңôõ֮ؿһˣѡ񣿡ﶢʯʵ
ʯһϣĿһ˵ˣǰųȥκ˲ýʦõ֮أȻҴ룬Ǿҵϣ
Ц
Цʲôʯǰһ붯֡
Ц޳ܡ
üͷһƣ˵һҸղž˵ǰһͨ壬һϵκˡκ¶˽⡣ڶʲôˣҲ֪Ҳ֪ǰʲôƨ˵Ҳ֪֪ҺθɣʦзϣӦϿڴԼκ˽
Сӣ
ʯû뵽Խ˵Խɫһ
һ̧֣֣һ£۵ĵӡХ䣬
ס֣
Ůڳ˵ղһʱ򣬾ûٹ
ԣһֻܹʯûзϡ
ۿʯԳŵӳ֣ɫһ䡣
ȵͬʱһ˫Ҳˣĳƥӿ
ȻŮ˳ֻһ˿ʯ۵ӡХ䣬ת۵˳ǰ
ʯÿֲʵ
ʯɲǣ֪Լߵˡ
ܽ۳ӡʩչֶΣֻ侳ϵ߲
Ҳ˵ʯҲ侳ϵŵӡ
Ҫǣʯֺûκαһƽɱֱ޷죬Źط
Ѫͨ
ѵצ
ûκγɣͷѪ֣ͨ˲ڡ
š̤ѩ޺ۡ˲䣬һ˫צХ
ѵצûκαѿ֮ӭʯµӡ
䡫
ӡ£ֻ˷ֺͽ˫צ𿪡
ѵضؾ˫צһѵضؾӿ𣬵ѵһؾϣٴץʯӡ
һΣ˫צʯӡײһʯӡ𣬳һѪߣ֮ݺݵˤʮ׿ѩϡ
һûϢ
Ů̺ƥƣʯһײһһʯһʵԱŮϼ֡
ʯüͷһ壬ʦãʲô
ȻǸŵŵӵʵЩŹ֣ǰŮӼʱ֣ȥӡϵղһƾҪǸŵӵ
ʯ¾ʹ˽ᣬҲٹκˣ߰ɡŮһǧ֮
ʯܵŮĮȻһ
Уһ˺⣬ԶѩϻԹȥӰ
Ϊˣʦ֮䣬ᷢչز
û뵽ʦǰ󣬾Ϊε£׻һ
ް
˭ɡ
ʯɱ֣ΪŵӣһжᷢŵӵĴ
ʦãҹ㡣ʯǣǿһЦתϿȥ
ˣ㻹Ǻú׼һλսɣСı˼ǰʮʱϿɲÿŮ˵Į䲻޼֮⡣
ʯǰеһŲٴ̤ʱ֮Ľӡ
ֵˣû۳侳ߣȴʩչôǿȻղжʯǵӡϵǵӡԿ侳ȫһ֮ܽ飬˾ȡ
ŮѩϻԹȥӰĿ⸴ӡ
ֻо˫ַ飬ۣŷԼһɽ⡣
ǰϤȪ̲סһûȪôһɽ
ˣɽ棬񻣬òǵŮ˳
ʦ㣬ллĿ¶мû뵽ŮԵ±Թʯ
ָˣ뿪ɡŮ˵
ʦ㣬Բ𡣡ΪԼͻһϿȣٵ֣Ů˵Ǹ
ˣԣκβ֪ˣ£һѡзˣԹ˭
Ů˵ھˣǸ˼䣬վ뿪
뿪˵غ󣬾ܿʯȻСŮ˿ų粽ıӰѵ
йأŵ֮䲻໥ɱ治Ŵһ٣뵽֮ǰʯԼֵ龰ֻоһλʦȣѾˡ
أֻһŵӣʯ侳ŵӣʦŴϣãɱһŵӣŻᴦŮ˵ӳһ
Ҫסһ㣬νأֻߵĹߡ
Ȼ뿪һͨ壬Ů˶Գ˵仰߲ϻ졣
˫ȭգĿᶨ
һ죬ҪΪӹصǿߣ
һ죬ҪֽǸʯɱ
һ죬ҪΪǬ½ϸصǿߡ
ˣҲ֪硢¸ʦֺλʦΪˣ¸ʦӦͻ˰ɣĺʦ㣬ǰͿҪͻˡϤͨ壬ǰϿȥ
ֻǣһ·ϼŵӣɫЩŹ֣Щҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǣ˰ɣһ²ӿ죬ܿͻصϤϿС
¸ʦ֣λʦ㣬ҺǣҪʱ뿪ɣǵĿϾǡɵһľд˵ĻڳУó˲ɫ䡣
ɣ˵⻰Щˣµ𣿡ܿҲ˳
ľһϻٶˣ¸һ첲˲ˡ
˭ɵģ綯һӰվľޱȡ

ʦܣ
ͻȻֵ꣬Ŀһ
˭ɵģĺһ˫ӸǳѪ˿
϶ϱĴ硣ɵ
϶˫¶ɱ⣬ɣ磬ô£ϸ˵
ӳɿУ֪ܿȥ
ǰϱǸճصĴ϶ţҪҳ鷳˭֪ﶼûˣ϶ŭйڳ˵ϣˡ
϶»һº


25 ̨
Ǹ϶ѵ̨֪ϣɱŵӵ£
ˮʡ
⻰ʳڣɱǸ侳ŵӺνʱ϶ĵܵܡϱڳϱѵһ٣Ҳ˵϶֪ܲʵ
϶ʵܱȺνǿ
Ȼʺ󣬳ɵЩ֪ʱתһ仰Ϊɱ侳ŵӣͿ޷죬侳ŵӣУֻϲ̨Ľɫ
ĺɿмżּɵʦܣһЩŵ˵϶һ侳ŵӣΪǰʱıչأͻƵ侳أ侳غأһˮ룬ʵǰɱǸνǿ˺ܶࡣ
侳أ
ĿһȻ֪侳ز侳ܱȵģȻڵǰ˺ܴ侳ߣûκΰգĺԣ侳غأһˮ롣
ڻаʱ䣬
ʱ䣬˭ֻ֪ᷢʲôأ
Ϊǰüʶʯǿ϶вʱԵúܵ
ͻȻʲôĺɣʣʦ㣬ǰ֮ڵһ壬һŵӽСʯ֪𣿡
Ȼ֪
ĺɵͷ¶־ηʯʦ֣ǰͨϵˣ侳ŵӣŴϵ״ӣһǰʮŵλսɹУȻֻǵʮҲ԰ΪǿʮŵУͽһ˴󣬱˶ҪСǱܴ󡣡
ʮŵλսǿʮŵӣ
ɫһû뵽ʯֻһλߵʦʵҲŽǰʮ
ţʮŵλսÿһΣ֣ǿʮλŵӣܵõĽĺɻΪλսȤ͵
֪֪һŮӣ֮Ҳǰһ壬һϿȣϿѩءȪʹ֡
ʵǳ֪¡
ĺѯʯ̵ֻ棬֪ģλһʦĵϸ
ĺüһû˵֮ǰһ壬ĵط𣿡
ʱԱߵĺ̲ܿסʦܣ˵Ĳǡȡɣ
ȣһܿ죬ʯλʦĳƺһ䣬ˣʯƺߵλŮΪʦá
ʦ㣡
ĺɡܿͳ¸գͬʱ
λʦ㣬ܳ𣿡
û뵽ĺ˷Ӧô̲ס档
Ȼ
¸˵ʦ㣬ʮŵһֻжʮ꣬һǰʮŵλսͻ𣬻еĵɽʦ֣ţںļλʦ֡ʦ㣬˳سΪʮŵеĵˡ
ĺҲͷУʦʯʦֶҪöࡣһţʯʦһֱ׷ʦ㣬ʦȴ룬ʯʦֵʦϾŴϣʦ㵹Ҳû˺
һȻ֪ǸŮ˲һ㣬Ҳû뵽Ů˵ͷôʮŵ֮һλеģ
ʣǿ֪ȫ
ܿգգһ˫۾ʦܣʦôȤҪ׷ɣ
ԱߵĺܿĻ΢һһ˿Ȼܿʧʦ㣬ȫǻʶҡĵϵӵܣһǰʮһΪͲ侳أǼһҫ۵š
ңȻֻǵһ˵ʶǿԪʶǿƼڻʶеļ壬ô򵥡
ֹˮ
ǵգӵӰڳԺоþû֮ɢǳԼҲû뵽Ů
ʯһգһὫڽ¡
Ǹ㽫ɱʯ̲סһ
ʱ֮ԸҺʯۣʱֻΪŹڣʯʵҲɱ
˭֪ʯη壬Źأɱͬš
ֻΪʮŵ֮һ
ֻΪʦŴϡ
Ǽ֣ѱʯɱǸŮˣǷһ
о仰˵úãѹ󣬶󣬳ʯ϶˫ѹ£ڽİҹƴ
ó˷׷ҡͷ̾
ֻ֪ͣһΪ츳ԭҲ벻Ŀ̿ƴ
ºһ˵Ϣըװըš
ǰ̨ϣɱһ侳ŵӡһ侳ŵӵţŵӡڳº󣬽һ磬ٴεϵɷϿ̨
սŵӡ϶
϶տʼŵӶ֪ʲôˣԹ
ͬһŵӴϢ˶֪϶ͳ֮ĶԹ
ԭڻûа֮ǰͺ϶ļԹ
һǰճص϶ȥۿﲻڣ㽫ĸͬˣºݻ󣬷ȥ
ܿ죬˲϶ĵϸ
϶ݳϼҼӣϼһһˣʮ꣬侳ŵӡ
Ȼûȥ϶ݣ϶ݣڣʲô㲻ϣһƫԶСͨӵܣ϶Ϊ϶侳ŵӡ
ǰɱŵӣţһٴ̨̤սһλ侳ŵӣҲ֪Ƿٴ漣
ҿеѣǰɱŵӣǿҲ侳أ֪侳غһˮ룬侳أɲ侳ܱȵġ
Ҳôáǰ侳صġνӲƴսƽ֣͵Ϯֶβɱν񲻹¹ȥҲ̫ɱ侳ŵӡ϶
ΣһսƱزܴøϽ̨Χȥռλá
˵ļǣǿߡ

ΧͨŵӶһЩյϢŵӣҲ׷ͨ壬ɷϿȥ
λߵһͨ壬ǧ֮ϣеһϿڣ϶ҲյϢ
кһұȥ֮һ֣û뵽ţֱӵ̨սҡ
磬˵뿪£ǰɱ侳صĺν¹ȥʵѵˣո̨ѵаսʤ磿ϱɫһ
ŵӣһ̨ǲݣ
¹ϱòΪԼ翼ǡ


26 
ߣǰʵҲͺͺν൱˱ֶ͵Ϯɱν¹ȥһ治ţͱ㻹СĻƿСսʤҵʵ
϶ͺһ͸¶м
磬ҾǻСΪ̨϶ƾ衣ҪȻǱȥֻҪ㲻ӦսҲû취ϱ΢΢ɣ˵
ҲӦս϶ҡͷĿһӦս˶ȻΪ϶һ侳ŵӣѵһŵӣԣұӦսȻ϶μ㣬׷
磡ϱˣֻҪûˣǾʲôûˡ
ʶǰĳ֣ϱºĳ־£Ϊ츳»ûнҪǣǳ̨֪ϸ£ȻսĴ硣
ҪôǳԴ¿ˣҪôǳаսʤĴ硣
ߵĿԣҪЩ
ģҲԼҲ̨϶˿Ŀޱȼᶨ
Ϊʲôϱ⡣
ģ㲻ˣ˭ںңҳɱİɣ϶ʡ
ǡǴ󲮡ϱȻû
ҸҳɱΪʲôѵֻΪ϶϶ʡ
ϱһԺУݳǵĳ֡
ҳղնϼţ
Ųݵĳޡ
Ǹʱϱ⻰ֻڳ˵ΣڵļεľΪȴܵ˳츳Ŀ¡
ҲãǸͱС꣬ɳȥպһ֮ϼң¡
ڣ˰ɣ
ɫ𽥲԰ϱ϶̾˿ΨһɱĻˣᶼúðգԺҲûˣԳ츳ϵԽãɱĻԽãģûѡ񡣡
磡ϱһ࣬Լݳǵľ¥ΪҪȥƳΪǼ£ϼҲͳ
ˣģҲǾûлᣬǸҪɱңҲûôס
϶ϱͷŵ
ɷϿ̨
̨ٴվˣ˵Ŀ⣬̨ϵϣ¹ȥ˿Գ˼֣ƽصȴꡣ
ԭǸǰҾ֣һֻ侳Ϊŵӣܵʯӡ
̨Ͽգ±һ࣬Ჱϣһ׵Ӱվ
ңң̨ϵ꣬¶һ˿ȻĶ֣һ侳ŵӣǰʯȥϵӡԱ侳ȫһʱӡԼȴҲ裬ûнһսΣա
ѾͷʲôʱģһӰϢڼߣڣ޷Ĵڡ
ʦˣһ
ˣôվͷӣúÿ⼸ûнûͷҰ߳ʦšԶ̨ϵˣ۵
һʦĵӣ
ò˲֪λظظ˵ݣȴһ
ʦڵػ֮һȻʦλʱҲҪһʦ֡
ʦĿУ֪λʦƽֻչһӣǸӺѡ˴ӾԪΧڣҲķʦ֪ԭһλʦ֮仹ԨԴ
̨ϵˣҲʦĵӣ
˰֣ڻǣֻǱڶ˶ѣֲˣʱ԰߳ʦš
סֵѾͷɵøͷұܣҪ˵ȥˣҲӰĳɳڵҪѪҸ꣬λսжΪʮŵ֮ףٹΪͽָ
һû뵽˶ôߣ꣬ҲͶʮҰɣ
λսΪʮŵ֮ף
ʦҪǲЩأʡ
Ҳֻ˵ҺûʦͽԵ֡˵˵
ԣһ˫¶ʣңң̨ϵǸ꣬˿̣˺棬ʦģΪΪʮŵ֮׵Ǳ
츳ʮʱҲͳΪʮŵеĵ˶ѣʦĻ˵˵츳ߣ
̨ϣʱ
ﲻΧŵȴǶȵüˣǸ϶ˣӦսɣ
Ƕŵһ侳صŵӣһŵ̨ϹȻսȻҲ̫ˣ
Ҳ֮Уǰ̨ϣɱһ侳ŵӣ¹ȥʵ϶ǿˡѵû֣ڵΪ侳𣿡
Ȼ侳أ㲻˵һûע⵽

ŵӵ̨ۣϵĳȻˡ
һŵԣΪȷʵͻˣе˼ԪΪϣʱ似
Ѿųϵ˼似ϣٻʱȥԪΪ
Ȼ츳;ͨİΪôֹܻ侳ʮһء
һΣ˰ʱ䣬ƾ츳ƾͨİǰգٴͻƣһΪˡ侳ʮء
ȻΧŵпֻǴ侳أͻƵ侳ء
һΪͻƵ侳ʮغ淢ı仯ֻгԼЩڣǹȥôִ΢໨һЩΪϣڵͻƵ侳ʮأ侳ʮˡ
϶ѵĲˣ˫һһƺӹɱȻ
Ȼ϶ղҲ˶ãһԼӵ˴ŹصʵƱҪȥɱ϶Գ˶ֵһĽ־עˣɡ
ϼңվڣ
ɷϿϿգһͻأһӰ£վ̨ϡ
϶ˡ
̨׼սŵӣЩˣ񿴵϶֣һǴ˼Ѫһ㣬Ϊ֮һ񣬷׷̨϶ŵˣ֪һݴ
϶ǰϼҼмƵˣбɱ⡣
ҡ϶ҲǵһμϸŶԷ
֮ǰ˵йس¼ţôһˣ˵һ仰ϼҼɹ


27 ӿ
ĵ˵ݳʱҪϼţ϶ڣŭĿ絶
˿壬֮ӡ
ϼݳǴ꣬һƿСҲϼţǿЦ϶ŭЦǰһһ֮
ϼ̫ſĿˣϼѾﵭ˵
һѾҾҪ֪ϼҪʲôۡҪٵνţھȥ϶Ŀ⣬ڿһˡ
ϼ˹ſҲ⣬ҪٵңÿûǸ¡ۿ϶粽߳µٶԽԽ죬Ҳ£һǿ
϶似֣
ͬʱͷ֮󺮷һӰ֣϶ġͨ
ͨһֶ£϶Χ϶֮澡Աһ㺮֡
ƣ
϶̧֣һĳӿ֣ɭ֮⡣
ͨĺԾ϶ģʮ̣϶ƶ֮֡
ϱͨ϶ȫ֣
϶Щ£ͨƣϱԹߵһ𣬽Լӵ󻯡
Ŀһо϶һƣܺͰǰʯӡˣʱȫʩչѵצȻ֮ˣԼҲ˹ȥ
Ƕǰǰˡ
ǰһΪֻ侳ʮһأڣ侳ʮأͬն
϶ʵֻɣЦͷѪ֣ͨһѪк£ڣת˲֮䣬һƬ鲼˫צ
͡
˫צһƿնʩչ似̤ѩ޺ۣӭȥ
׼϶Ӳƴ
̫嶯ˣ˾ٴǡ϶侳ߣһ˺Ϻơͨʵ侳УҲٮٮˡر似ơͽ似ٲȻء
һսĽϾҪˡ
̨ΧսһŵӣĿתǰһĻ´κϸڡ
ʦһ㶼ġᲱϣ΢΢һЦ
ʲôɵĵģСһɲǳԿȻĵ˵һЦԳġ
˻µɲǣ϶ͽˡ
϶ĺƺХ䣬ת۾ͽѵצѹƣ϶ЦʵȻˣұ㲻ˣȥ
ٶȺ£ݻѵצϵﵱɱ
϶ǲǸ˵̫ˣ
ﵭһЦ϶ֻѹѵһؾΪԼʤˣ
˫צһԭѹƵѵצ˲Ҹȼռѵضؾӿƥ֮
һצץ϶ıͨ
һצץ϶ĺƣ
ؼ似һ̣ڳгױչֳ
ۿ϶ͨɣ˫Ǻ죬ȫһ߳϶ڣ߷ɳȥ
Ѫ϶ˤڵء
˿̣һ̱ڵص϶ûţֻʣ²ʺ;
ʩչĵʲô似ôƶĸо似Ҵûм
Ҹҿ϶ظһ¥Ͷ¥棬û似̫ˣǰһ̻ѹƣһ̾˸˲䱩Ϊʤ϶ĺƺͱͨݻ١
϶һֶΣ侳ŵҲٮٮˣֻϧ˳ֱ̬֮·ע̨ϡ

̨ϣԼ϶̧֣צ£
һڳе㣬ĿЩӡ
ܿͼᶨǿߵ֮·עȾѪ
ǰĵ֡ɭνڵ϶Ժϼҡֻͨǿߵ·ϵĵʯѡ
Ϊ磬˲пᣬǿߣŲʯӭͷ֮ϣأߣֻܳΪǿ߽µĵʯһĲֵ
ȻĳΪ˵ĵʯˣѡǿ֮·ӭͷֱϣ׷ЩΪ֮ˣעҪΪĵʯ
磡̨ϿգһŵĽ䣬ϱ϶ɱݶҧˡ
гž綼ɱˣϼһлٵ
ѵϼעҪſ긲
̨һսʹĻ
϶Ϊ˳ĵʯ
𲻵һţٴγΪڵȵ㡣
˶ԣֻҪٸＸʱ䣬ܺɫʮŵ档
ǱȻҪֻʱ䡣
ݳǣϼҸۡ
Ҷ
ϼҼɫ䣬һȣһѪȾеİš
磡ɫ䣬Լӵдʲôôˡ
ǰǰǶֶӱ侳ǿɱĴҲԶûôʹࡣ
ͫ׵ɵûԲ쳤Хϼҡ
ȾѪŵУʱһ¶˼飬ôܡС侳ˣǱǸɱˡ
硭
ڣ֪ԼΪʲôôʹˣʹĪڰ׷ͺڷˡ
꣬Ĵͽʧȥӣʧȥģ۰˺Ĵӡ
磬磬ʲôˣ˫۱ϵϻϼҵļҲ׷׸ˡ
Լɡ̵ĺЩ٣еȾѪŵݸϻ
ܡ⻹һ꣬ǸСҲʮ꣬ôɱ侳صСţϻ˫ͫһһ㣬ҡͷ
ؼǵãһڵݳŵӣڻһʱ䣬ǰϵ꣬Ȼɳȵزɱ侳ص϶
ڰ˳䡣ϼҼλϿźҲɫ䣬ǿ̾˿
϶һڡû˵ڿˣĮκθ顣
磬㣬롭ǣ㲻ǳŵ㲻𣿡ĻĿһ¶̡
Ȼ㵽ڣֻҪ׿ڸ˵ϼҵıʣ˳˵ǲԸ⣬һɱڣΪҶ޻ڣޱȣȻ
⻹б
ЦоԼľġ
֪ϻϼҼλϣһʱĬˡ
뵽Ǹ˵Ůж¶̣ҲףҲֻǸŮΪ϶ϼҡ
һݳǱֱ߶ȥ
ڣλԪ߾ݳʮݳǵڣ˴Ԫ
ǧҲҪѽµʱִܵ


28 
̨ϣɱ϶ٴź󣬳صϿȣӼӡ
¸աĺɺͺܿˣ̲侳أ̼óʱƴرչ
ڳɿԼܳҲˣĺ˦ں棬̫ˡ
ףʵڲ̣
ϴεĽѵ似⣬󲿷ʱ䶼Ϊ
ԼŬ;ͨİ£һµʱ䣬Ϊ侳ʮصٽ㡣
ֻһܲ侳ʮء
﷢֣侳ʮ侳ʮ֮䣬һ
ֵóƵǣһ似̤ѩ޺ۡ˵ڰء
񣬳ȫʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣ߼ǿĳ¸գ޷׽Ӱ
ѵצأ̫ˣѵһؾѵضؾĻϣѵؾȻԭһһȴѿơ
뵽ؼͽ似ѵצȣ̾˿
ȻԽѵؾȥȴ޷ǹɵһ
ǹ̫ǿˣҪȫƣҪһʱ䡣
ʲôʱһѵצؾˡ
ѵצص϶һս󣬳ʶԼС
ϸĥѵضؾѵһؾһԱʺĻƼ߽似ھصʺͽ似ص
һǰ϶һս﷢һ⡣
Լͨ似Բͨ似϶ذɡ
Ȼ侳ʮأһ侳ص֮һЩ
ʤ϶ΪѪͨ϶ıͨǿ
ҪǣʩչĶѵצ϶ĺǿ
϶ĺơֻͽ似ֻء
Ҳ͵£ʵ϶ǿɱ϶
һߣ侳ļޣҲǣ侳ֻҵһ㣬巢䣬һ侳ص֮·ŵУֻһ侳ߡ
ΪҪ侳ԱȵĻӦú͡侳ءһΣһ侳ҪǿЩϾڲûսԵУȫǿ屾ҪӦֵĶࡣ
ԼһȻ֮ͬ·
һ侳ߣؼޣһͻƣ侳ߡ
侳ߣͨΪսʱԵС
Ҳ֪ٴβ뼫ޣȴҵĻʲô
ԺԼΪı仯Щڴ

߳ţȻ˳ɵķ䣬ľϣϥš
Цġ񡱣Сͳһ𳤴󣬳ɵǵ˼᲻֪
Ҳ֪ҵľͨǲҲ԰硣
һͷ֣߲ͨͨ⣬ڳĿ£ųֶ¡
ֳΧԪͻȻŨʱĿһû뵽˾ĿС
Զ츳ƴٻҪ²ͻƣȻͨãұһ֮
˴㡣
һʱ䣬ͳɱԶͨк߲⣬Ƕϡ
ÿζתʱ䣬ԣһֱûзֳС
ɻǷԼٶͻȻӿ졣
ȻȻΪԼ츳ˣ⣬׼ͻƵ侳غΪ֮𾪡
⣬ɽһߴӰɽңңѩر鲼Ͽȡ
Ͽһ࣬һʯʯո£Ȼã֣ߣɱ⣡

ʦã治Ըң
ڣȻڣ̺ը
ʯǴϵ״ӣҲɱ㣡
ڣмŷŭ벻ͣȻʯǵһɧˡ
ʯ˫һû뵽ͨ뺡
Լ˽⣬˵óõġ
ƫƫʵ缾
һգһ㳼ҵ£衣
ʯɫĿ¶֮ɫ
ǸСӡ
뵽Ǹƻͼϵŵӣʯ˫ɱȻСӣҪ׼ʮһºʮŵλսûʲôʱ仨ϣڱͨȥ㣬ʬΡ
ٸһʱúʱɡ
ʯ粽ͨȥ
Ҳʯ֪Ҫҵˣﴫ÷зġ
Ȼ϶ھͳͨ壬ֱȥɱˡ
ʯֻΪټѰһŵӣҪѺܳʱ䣬ûʱȥġ
ﲢ֪ʯһ֮Ҷһ١
Ԫ߾
ãأһƥϷɱһ׳˶ӣӷ糾ͣԸ˶յ·
ǹطôὨʺĵطҺҪߡ
ֹһ䣬߷ɳۡ
ǰһɽǰ̲ס
µ·һ·ʮƥϵȺڵִĿĵˡ
ԪΧڣڡ᰽ڵţԼʳǵļϼ壬ͳΪһ
ЩУǿһ
Ȼһ֮ϣСڡ
ԪУ֮Ϊ
һΪʳǡҡΪԪΨһĶ壻
ڣΪԪΨһĶš
󶥼ֲԪǿ
ԪǿǡҡԪˡͳߡңԪȨ
ԪʷУһЩҰĲͼ߸Ԫңȡ֮
ȻЩֻһ³Ǿǻҷ𣬳ʧʷ֮С
Ԫңǧ괫̩ɽ֤޿ƥеʵ
ڵɽţԪ߾ɽ֮С
վס
ۿɽǰһӰӳɽӡ
ɫһ䡣
ǰӵķʱ˿ֵ̣ݳϼҼ֮ܣǰҪʥֶŮһ棬Ҫ棬ʥֵܺ
ڣΪԪǿţҲһΪʥڡ
̽ѹذɡ
ڵӼŵףҲûΪ
λʥֵܣΣҶҪֶŮһ棬¹ϼ
̼ˣʱ˵أôȥܸģ
ٲ뿪ɱ⣡
ڵɫһԲ䵶˸ź⡣
λʥֵܣֶŮС硯̹үϵҲǼõġ
̰ڵ̧˳ĳˣǶԷȥҲû취ˡ

ȻڵĿһٿʱɫҲ˼֣ȻϵǱɡ


29 Գͨ
ͻˣͻˣľ֮ڣһϲ洫
ţһӰľ粽߳緢ǳɡ
Ͽڣĳ¸աĺɺͺܿˣ̲סĿ׷Χ˹ȥֻгȽϵûоȡ
һÿܳɵķȥһͨµ߲⣬ϣͬʱӿǶ˵ٶȣһ磬͸оҪͻˣһ뿪
Ȼһʱ󣬳ɳɹͻơ
һΪҪɣʱҲ࣬ǰڴ侳ʮصϣɹˡ侳ʮء
ΪͻƵʮغ󣬳ٴη˱仯һߵߣǵһ壬ȹȥûֱ࣬Ǳһҹ¸աĺɺͺܿһ
ͻˣͻˣõ¸˺ϲĳɣi˳ǰ
ϲ硣΢Ц
ҵ츳ǱҼͷǿģͷӵʮʱֻ侳ΪҿɱǿˣߺߡԭΪҪ²ͻƣû뵽ֻһ¾ͻˣҲ̳Щһ츳ûȫ̳ͷһ츳
ɵ䣬һ츳úܡ
磬ΪȻ侳ˣ似Ҳܷ¡ѵ
İɣҶģӽ쿪ʼұ໨ʱ似ϡ
ɵͷĿһתһûȥأҽȥƣڼʱҿһЩϵĵ伮˵ں޵ɱ似Чܲأȥԡ
ĵһͻȻ̧ͷɣ磬ϵ伮Уļأ
ɵͷ԰˵޵ɱУ޴ľ޴ѹ󻯵ؼ似Ǳ
˿Щģڶʱ޳ѵצĵأҲûϣ
¸պĺŮ˵ֵܶҪȥ룬ֳŨŨȤһͬУ뷽ȥ
ʦܣ㻹ǲǵãǰǺʶġ·ϣ¸Ц
ȻǵãһǵãʱλʦҼǵġһЦʱ龰񻹼ǵá
ʱհظ似ȥһ˽ĺɶŮ뵽ǵĶȻʶǡ
Ƕʵǿ߰ޱȵĵ֣Ѿˡ
ʦ㣬ǻΪʲôң
뵽һ⡣
Լͣվ⣬žһһ׸
֣ʱĺɶŮΪλ
뵽ʱ龰ĺҲЦˣʵʱҲΪֻ侳ŵӣʵ̫СˣҿһˣҲûͬ飬ôΣգŴҲûʲôܱһС
˭֪ѹǸС룬Ҫǻǵ㣬֧¶ҪϬͿϬɱܿһµӡ
˵ƱҲЦ
ǰһν룬ＸһνԵࡣ
˳ﱾǸС⣬¸˵ΪҲ侳أΧв
һ·߹ɱ侳µޣһȥռǵ޺ˡ
ܿ죬һ˾ż޳ûĵش
ڼǰĵһֻżޣһֻҰޡܡмƵޡ
ֻӴߣ֫ÿһأõ΢΢һ
Ǿżޡܡ
ĺϳֻޣżܣһΪ£żҲƵ϶⣬Ҫǣ츳ͨǡ񻯡һÿͨʵǰֻ񻯺ĿϬҪ¡
ޣһ츳ͨ
˭ȥЦּޣûκսԡ
ȥɵһվԾԾԡ
ͻƵ侳أһ·ȻҲָɵ˲ޣЩͼ޶ûκսԣһֻģ̲סˡ
㣿ĺɹؿ˳һۡ
ɣܿǾżеٮٮߣȷҪȥ¸տɣһΡ
ɣó¸ȥɡܿҲ
ǡǾôңЩ֧֧ң
֧֣ҵȻ֧֣Ҷ簡磬ϣ֧㣡һͷ
ֵܣϾһģѪԵϵֵܡ
ɸжͷɨ˳¸һۣ粽ܣһҪֻͷɵҲôңʧ
Ǹ¸ʦ֣Ƕһѣ￴¸ա
ʲô¸պ档
Ѻö˼޺ˣҶֺܽʮھ͵ú
ôûðɣҲѺö˼޺ˣܳʮϡ¸Цһ䶨˵ӡ

ոտ粽ų︳ųܵĳɣʱҲ˳Ļסɫһ
һֵܣ
ѪԵϵֵܣ
ɳ˹ܣ˫һ𣬻Ƽн似ͨȭʩչ˳
ͨȭһص㣬ÿһγȭЯȻһϣŻᷢ
һһ죬ض졭
Դƣ߾أ졣
žžžžžžž
ɳȭᴫͨȭԲ˵ء
粽ӭܣһȭüġ
һ֣ȫͼҪܵͷǱѡ
˭֪һȭȥ͸оһɿµķϴ˷˳ȥ
ܣʹһ˫ͫױɺޱȣųɡ
ôǿɴ󾪣û뵽Լȫһȭûˡ
ˡκγɣͷһһӰ֡
һֻԳԳǿ׳ޱȣƷ棬˿ܣǳɵġԳͨ
𡫡Գͨ粽ɲӭܣɱ
һĳԳͨһͱ顣
ɫһɲǼ䣬Գͨһ⣬ڡ
һ˲䣬һװ˵߱Ӳ׶ࡣ
¡𣬽·ŵñ
޺һﶯݡ
Ȼ֪ɵͨԳͨȴ֪Գͨʩչ޺һ
޺һӵԳͨĳɣͨȭٴκ촫һȭܸϣӴܺ˳ȥˤԶ
𡫡ܳʹŭѪӴ˼֣ʩչ˿ͨ
ٴ޺һĳɽɱ
ȻԳͨΪһ壬ܱϾǾżеٮٮߣʩչ˿ͨʮҲŲסһƺݺķ˳ȥ
ʹ
ɸоؿѪӿۿܷ׷Ŀ¶׹⣬Ҫ˺飬̲ס۴УǼʲôʱˣϷ


30 弶
¸ʦ֡
ﻰ䣬¸վͶˣʣ£¹䣬ӰΡ
ϣ»ĵ£ܵһС˿ڡ
񻯺ܣֲޱȣܱ׷ɣ¸հ·ɱһתע
ܷŭת¸գһ񻯺ױ
󣡡
¸Ŀһ䣬ͷһӰ֡
ϸһһرġ
¸յġ֣ͨеĵһ
¸յ似µ֣¹ܡ
һΣ¹֮Ѫ䣡
ܵ壬ڳ¸ǰ״סѪͣӴȻأ
ɾˣû뵽¸պͬΪ侳ߣྐྵȻô
¸ʦ֣ͨȻǡͨʶ¸⻹ǵһμ¸նͨЩȡ
ͨͨеٮٮߣ뽣ͨ
¸գĺµˣĺ𾪵ؿ¸գ¸ǰʩչĵ˴ɾ硣
ٺ٣һǰͻƵģ棬żɱʱͻƵġ¸պٺһЦ
Ҿ˵Ҹôôԭĺµھˡ
Ȼˡ
ЦȻͨȭͳ¸յĺµͬΪƼн似غ͵ھأȫͬն
¸ʦ֣˵ĺµںɱʱͻƵģ֪ʱ粽¸գ¶ȡ
ǰʱҲ֣ҵĺµԲڰغ󣬾ԴƵƿһκһֻʵܵľżɱգͷҵĺµͻƵھأܽնɱ
¸Ц뵽һǰľһս¡
ʱֻżƾУͷĺµͻƣʵһͽֻżɱˡ
似´ɵ
ǹϵ伮ϼصûʵ൱ɱԼվĿԼ似Ǳ
ɿ˫ۿʼµ˳ʲô
¸գڳֻ̤޵ľżޣȻûоżһ֮ˡ
ĺĽؿ¸ա
侳Ϊټǿĵͨм¾ص似֮µޣܺͳ¸տġ
¸յĻƼн似µ˾شɣóＸ˶е𺳡
ڵŵӣнƼн似شɵġ
Ͼŵͻ侳غ󣬱侳侳ţΪŵӺ󣬿ɽĸ߼Ĺ似
һͽ似ֵŵȥĵͼ似
һ·ڳͳ¸ձ̬ʵɼĺɺͺܿΣգȻ˶ó֡
Ľ飬ܿ͵õĺɺͺܿͬǳͳ¸ճ֣ǸûгֵĻᡣ
ͳ¸նһۣʼ磬żޣǻм֡
ףԽߣôż޾Խˡɷһ⡣
СģӦý޵أϵޣʶǿκ޳档ܿɫأС
ޣֻڵ伮Ͽأûʲôء¶֮ɫΣܳڣֻҪرޣɸ㶨
ˡԽˣǰһԶ
𡫡ŭԶһֻϲŵɫıӱж
ٶȼ죬ת۾͵˳Ｘ˲Զһ˫ɫӶżˡ
ףֻӣǶޡ籪ͻȻڣóＸ˶Щ졣
磬㾹Ȼϳֻޣ
ò˵ﾪˣɺһ𳤴治֪ЩʶǴġ
ǵȻҲ˭٣˭ڼʱ򣬳˶Թ似Ȥĵ伮޶ãһЩĵ伮ֻ籪Ҳмء
һС˵־ģ֮ϱѹţڼʶѹһˡ
𡫡
ɻ䣬籪ˣٶһ㣬룬Ⱦż޿˲֪ٱ
ÿ죡ﾪȡ
ֻ籪ٶȣȻܺ͵ʩչ似ĺνˡ
ν侳ߣΪȷ籪ҪһΡ
ٶȣڳУ㲻ʲôһ̤ѩ޺֣Ըٶ˷籪ǰ
籪Ȼû뵽˱죬һ˫¶졣
籪Ƿ츳ͨǡͨڵٶȻģû÷񡭡ʲô
ɻû˵꣬һַͣ籪ڱº󣬵ͷӣͷҲء
ֻˣӵٶȱʱ죬Χǿܣ˷ͨ
ޣǻۺøߣڷֳʦܵʵ󣬵ͷӡĺɾ̾޵ǻۣࡣ
ӣ﷢֣籪ڶ˷ͨӴܣٶܺʩչ似侳ȣ벻ǰɱ϶
ǰδ׷ڵķ籪
ΪٴһΣͽ似̤ѩ޺ۡ˵ڰأȫУһּٶ׷籪
Ƭ̣ͱ׷ϡ
һ֣ץס籪β;ͺݺһ˦
ڷ籪ǰ棬һֽסһʩչѵצûѪͨ߶ѵצһؾͽ籪ɱ
籪Ȼٶܱ似һ侳ߣʵȴ侳һΣȫһεġ
ɱ籪󣬳￴ˣ磬¸ʦ֣λʦ㣬Խߣ޾ԽǿʱҿûչǣҪ˻ؾż޵ĳûأȥҾż
ãҲҪСһЩ˶ֻ֪ܳΪ׸Ӧ
ȥɱżޣг¸ڣܷġ
ۿ˻ȥ󣬳￪ʼȥ
ղŵķ籪ֻǶޣûκв𲻵似á
ڳҪҵģʵ൱ޣϣͨǿޣѵצͻƵء
һ·߽ȥҲԽԽ࣬أɱʮֻ޺ڸܵѹ
ָоѵצ£һֻʵѰ侳ߵɱ޵Ѫһĳ¶Ц⡣
͡ѵצӳѵһؾѵضؾ
Ѫ֣ͨѪ壬˫ֻ˫צʵ
һֻʵ൱ޣֻޣҪǿһ˿
Ψһƣٶʤֺˣ･Ҳܵ˾޴ѹ
һֻκĹŹޣҿ϶ֻ޵ʵԶһ侳ߣһֻǿ弶ޡ
ÿһγ֣ΪԵرʩչͨ󣬻类һ֣ʵøΪ¡
飡޹ŹּУȻֵһȭڳһֻצϣֱӴɳȥ
ۣɫ䣬צϵƬ伸ƬƬµƤҲս


31 İ
ۡ
κ޴У׷صĳ
Ȼһȭ·𶼱սﱻһȭУҲС
վзɵӰۣɵͨâ˲֡
ȻĴâֻǲ޵һƤĤ޷в
ɵͨ츳ٶȣ˫
ʩչâܳ䲻⣬̺ȴԶѵצ
һѵצ硣
űǿķɵͨӦǰȴ޷ƿķ
侳ߣֶǿҲа÷ɵͨɱ
ƫƫһֻ弶ޣ
ƾɵͨ޷Ըޣڳ
ѵҪ
ˣ似ˣʲôüģҪûˣǿɾʲôûˡ
뷨һ𣬳оԺһץסʲô׽͸
޵һȭٽûκγɣһ
ʱ嫵ľֶ֣߲ͨ£ڡ
һ˲䣬Ժеһ˿򣬿ʼ޷Ŵ
ؼͽ似ѵצԺвϵݻ
ܿ죬˫һţԭ
͡ŵضѵצХӭ޵һȭ
ѵһؾѵضؾƬ̾͵һ
ɼˣһȭƻǸǹѵצ
ˣ¶м
Ϊҵ似Ǹղŵ似𣿡
ֻӣһŭѵؾȥ
ȥ޷Ƶһ
ѵצ嫶䣬ץס޻һȭ
ۣץסȭͷ۴Уѡ

Ŀһ䣬צһգը
޵ȭͷӲ飡
ڶԷֵɲǣ˳ǰصѵצץû޵ؿڣ͸塣
ۡۡ˼£ǲʵ¡
Ҳ벻ͨΪʲôͻȻһˡ
һ㣬ֻһ㡣
뵽ղǧһգ̱ڵϣ亹ֱ
ܼǱɷ̫ˣʱþͨ似ٶȣûѵצأͱɱˡ
﷢ģ´ҲôˣֲͱɱϢо̫ˡ
˫ͨһɫ䣬˲˾ͨ
תŷ֣֪ʱԶһӰ
׵Ůվٲ£žգ续֮ˡ
ʦ㡣￴ˣЩȡ
ѹ츳ôߣԭ˫ͨӵߡ
һ̾Ŀ⸴ӣݹڣҲûгֹ˫ͨӵߡ
Ԫʷϣֹ˫ͨӵҲ࣬ÿһľţ绪ֻҪ;زۣպǰ;
ЦԼ̫Сˣͨһֱܣᱻ֪
û뵽ļˡ
ԹӢ۰ŮȻΪԼʲôӢۣΪˣǸСеԼŮû̫ǿĵֿ
ʦ㣬һ󡣡ɫ
ұ˫ͨӵߵ£΢΢һЦĴ
ǡһ̾ƽľպ˭Ȣǰ˱ĸ
ҿԴӦ㣬֮꣬𡣡
˿ʦ㡣ˣʦ㣬ô
˵أȻΪɱޣֻû뵽㡣û뵽ʱ䣬㶼ɱˡˣˣɲһ弶ޣʵ֪弶УҲŽǰ
ˣû뵽ձԼɱ޵־Ȼô֡
ͬΣ
֮Щû뵽ͬС
һ·µ޶ɳԸϵɼ֡
ѵצȻͻƵ˵أﻹ޷Ըޡ
ޣǿ侳ߵĴڣյѵצܱصͽ似Ը޻ǲ
ҪԸޣΪͻơ
˶֣ʱ⣬̲ס棬ʲô˵ˣôġ
ҡͷһЦûʲô
Ȼ˵˻Ǿ⣬ɳﲻ˵Ҳ޴֪
һʱ䣬˷֣ÿһʱﶼ뿪ϿȣԽ룬ɱˡ
ÿһλϵĺûʧҲˡ
Ԫ߾ڡ
̺ܽҲΣȻƾͷڣɽֶ֪̹Ů磬öڱչء
˰ʱ䣬˻ûκγصǰס
֮£ֻһ⣬ڵӴȥݳϼңƽߵĴ硣
ϼҼյʱѾº󣬶ԴˣҲû취ֻܵȴ
ڣ롣
꣡
צ£Ұģޱ͸壬Ѫ䣬Ȼأ
ɱֻ߼޺󣬳ͷ󺹣ڵʵɱһ߼޻Щ
һ˱Ƕ׵Ӱڳߡ
ͳΪȥϵĺˮоˮᡣ
̫𺳣ֻǰȥȻɱ߼ˡ
ʵҲеġ侳ءˡ侳ء
Լ˵ڵ侳ʮߣڶξ侳֮·
ʱ䣬һ˫ŮԼ鷢չܿ졣
Ȼж˳ƤôȻΪ˻һСС
׻˵úãûԹ⻹û
ǰʱȻҲû̸ɸֶС˵ȴ١
ǰֶΣ磬һң񣬼ȻûʽӦɹϵ׽ࡣ
лл㡣
΢΢һЦڶԼĳƺҲӡʦ㡱ɡ㡱ˣ˲١
ѹŵ˵Сֻ似һأ㲻ֻΪΣ似Ҳˡѵצҵġơˡ
ƣ߽似˵ء
ѵצأĲ㾢һģ似ͨ侳ߣҲ֮ܽܡ
Ǭ½Ϊ𣬳ףԼ׷ô˳ǰֶ⣬Ҫ츳ʵ
ŮˣϣһǿΪ
رĸԴŮˣ۹ǼߣѰÿһۡ
ԣＸѾ˾ţ֮ȥΪͻơ
ռĻ˵ļǻʳǵĴ壬պȢͱӵϿɵʵ
󣬳﷢֣ŮˣΪԵʣƤʲôĶرãǰŮܱȡ
ĺɺͺܿˣǰǴŮ˵Ǳǻɫļˡ
ǳ󣬵һĶŮˡ
ΪԸƴȫȥȡٹ꣬ǰʳǼңӭȢ


32 
ʱ䣬ųΪͻƣҲһװˣڸվһͯŮвǣϻż˵
ţͻȻ̧ͷԶһôʲô
ôˣ㣿Ҳ˹ȥûʲô
ûʲôӦҿˡҡҡͷǳǳһЦɵ㶵ؿʱӡ
ٺ١һЦЩɵ
ղǿô棬һɫӰؾһ㣬Ӱ뿪ת۾ʧһ
һξһƬľԺŵϵӰһƾճ֣Ķͷðż£⼾ʮŵеĵˣֻ侳ΪͲ㷢ҵġӰͨ
֪£ðٴҲֵˣǸŰӵһЦȥ
ͼ˻˫˫ɱ߽ޣȴ֪ŶΪǶַˡһ˵Ϣ쫷һ㴫ڣֻҪڱչŵӣһʱ䶼֪Ϣ
һʮʮ١
ʮŵеĵˡһŵ֮šˣһɱ߽ޣ˫˫ܣɷˣɱ߼ޡͭƱͷ󺹣óԼ԰ޱȡ
Ϣ˶ˡ
˭ǿʮŵ֮һеλĴڣ˵ļ򵥣ǻʳǵĴ塰ҡǼҵϥµŮҲǼҼΨһŮ
ϣӦ֤һ仰˭˵ŮӲУ츳ڻλֳ֮ϡ
յʱ׷ڶ࣬ʱţʵһɳԽԽ˷£ڣ׷߾ֻʣʯһˡ
ȻʯһελսУҲʮŵӵʮŴϵ״ӣû˿Ȼ츳Ҳãͱȼ꣬࣬û˿ʵҲˣǰ
ȥŰŵŵӣӸտʼһո¶ͷǣ̨ɱŵӣҪͣڵʮꡣ
ǰɱ侳ŵ϶϶ʵܶŵӶĿã侳ŵеٮٮߣɳﻹǰɱˣǰȥʵǿ˺ֵز
ңĿóͼǸŵӴϢƺᵽһ㡰ɱ߼ޡͭƱͷ󺹡߼ޡ߼ޣǳﵥɱģǺͼɱģ
ǰߣ̫ˣǰɱ侳ŵеٮٮߣȻɱ߼ˣ߼ޣԱ侳ߵĴڰ
󲿷ŵӸԸźߣΪǰʵ̫˼ˣǲܵ¡
ʱ䣬ԽΣ

ΣϢȻ𾪣˵ڴŵпҲֻгڲţϼŮˡ
ͼ
һЩŵӣ׳硢սˣϢһɵˡ
ظ⣬ŵӿеĻ⣬Χųͼԭڴ˯ظˣϢ󣬾һĿҲùŹСһѾͷ
⣬ͼֻֿǣǺܿͷһ⣬ôôŵӣһڶˣ⵽ô£
Щŵӣ඼Ϣٵģ񿴵ͼһǶǸϢŲˡ
㣬Ȼȥˡ￴ͷһЦ
šиᣬӦһƮȻȥ
ͼ뿪⳹ըˣˣǿûʦղſҵ찡ᡭʦԸһۣǻʮҲԸⰡ
ˣ˭Ҫ
Ϣǧȷˣû뵽ǻߵһ𣬲ڣ˵Ҳֻгʦ㡣
ʮ꣬ǰ;ٹ꣬ض侳һ
侳
У侳һ⣬ҲֻԪϣԼĵӡĵӣ඼֮У뿪ţ洳׷Ѱĸ߾硣
ʮ侳ߣ
˵ڣԪڵĸû˵
صϿУ֪Ϊʲôղ⣬ЩŵӵĿôŹˣԭͼ֮£Ȼ˴ȥˣһʱ䣬뵽Ǽ֪󣬻ʲôӦ
ѹ˵ԾԭǺʦˣǡЦ
˼¸ҲԱ߰ǻ
ۣʦܣ㾹Ȼİʦ׷ˣҲ̫ţˡܿŮѵ¶ŵı顣
ϲ㡣ĺɼЦݣԳһЦ
ллʦ㡣֮һЦ
кһٴ뿪Ͽȣڵһͨȥͨ壬⣬Ͽȳڴһʯʱһ
㡣溰һ
˳
ȣּվڴУ˸µʱ䣬»ָ￴ó£㣬£㶼֪ˣ
̾˿š
㣬ǵ±˹㲻𣿡üͷ΢壬֪أﾹЩܡ
ûУ롣ƽ⣬Ȼ͸˳˼߽ḧųİգʮ꣬ұٹ꣬㳤һЩٹ£ؼҡȻ㴫ˣֻ˵⣬ҸղǵģǼ֪ҵ£ڵʵ
˼Ľͣüͷ濪㣬һŬġ
΢΢ͷ㡣
ʦã𣿡
һȻ⴫漴ܿһӰ˷һɱ룬ת۾͵˳ͼڲԶյǶʱ̲סһָųоǲ˼飬㡭Ȼ㣬Ǹ
񴳽ģǱˣʯ˸ǰڣҪɱʯ
ǳʯﵭͷ
ʦãġġ˿ʯ٣һĿǰٻӰϣû˵ˡ
ģҸһˡףס˳һ


33 
ģҸһˡ
Ŀüʱˮʯɫ԰ף˻ܵشһ㣬Ĳ
ҡͷԸһģܣܣôô
ʯ͵̧ͷ񣬡㣬㣬㣬ʦģ㣡ҪҪ
һԴԴϵʯ̧֣һĳ嫵ϯֱָ
ɫһ䣬ʯ侳ߣڵǶ֡
˲䣬˱ǣǰһ׵ӰȴǼǰ̧֣Ҳһĳӯȣ߽似ơ
žɰƽһ
ɫ䣬վԭأʯɫǺ졣
һ̣ʯ֮˳ȥվȺһ
ǿѹº⣬ʯѪ³ʦãû뵽Ʋ˵ء
һ˪ʯҶԳ֣ʯ߰ɣɱ֣
ʯĿ̣һ̣ĳһŮķûá滹Ѫԣһ£˭ʺʦõˡ
ЦˣЦúܲá
Цʲôʯɫһ
㻹Цʲô治֪ô˵ãǸ˵޳أǸ˵ЦأҵҪ㣬꼸꣬ҽ̸ּ꣬Ѫԣãһ׼һƽûбʯĻӰֺ
Ƿʦãѡ˲ˡʯ
ѡΣòܡȻʯùӰ졣
ߣƫ̻̬ȣʯһϣⲻ˳ŵӶ˵ڰһţ˵ⶼЦһųҵսҽӡ
ϣԺÿʱÿ̶ʦ߰ɣȻû֪ʬġ
仰ʯҧ˵ģв֮⡣
ʯҶƴżŭϣҲɱ㣡׵ȫȻˣŭϴֱʯȥ
ۿάʯһ漴ſЦתȥÿһ̤Яǧ֮
ʯȻʱ￪ˡ
ţʯͣסŲת֪סʲôҪҫ
ɱңʡ
ߣʯͺһɱ˰˵һС
һʮλսжãʡ
ĸ¡ʯڣ뵽ʲôĵؿ˳һۣ㲻ҲμĸºʮŵλսɣȰ㻹ǲҪԲöȥŵͷ
ĸô΢΢
ɻؿųҲ֪ʲô
ʯ
￴ʯٴʵ˵йأʮŵԼս̨һɱɱǸŵӣλãˣ
ءʯһߡ
ȻˣҳձڴԼս㣬º̨һսݣΣǰһȻڣĿģʯһʮλսֻˣҪʯʬ壬׶ȡʯҫ
ɫһ䣬Ҫֹȴֳ΢΢ҡͷ
㣬Լսңº̨һսʯɫһͣЩԼĶ䡣
ǡͷ㲻ǺɱôҸᣬΣ
ãʯӦսº̨һսݣʦãʱһ֪㣬ֻʯϣעֻܳΪӭȢĵʯ
ʯЦĿӳתƵϣţɵ̤߳ȡ
̫嶯ˡж˼֮ɫ
ʦ㣬ԭġ΢Ц
ʲôԭ򣿡档
ʦ㣬֮Ĺϵ촫þܴļ壬ʱ򣬼ҿ϶ῪʼҡϣºʯһսɱʯҫΪʮ֮һüϿҡ
˵ԼĴ㣬졣
ʯҪʯֺγǣ
˭˭ĵʯһУº֪
οˡ
һ˫ޱȡ
ǰͲȴѪӺĵʯΪȻʵȴһ侳Ϊ߽似Ԫơ˵أͨԪͨڣ侳ŵӳʮһελսոͻƵ侳صʯƾԪƣλʮŵеĵʮλҲм汾¡
㣬ҽԼսʯΪüϿ֮⣬һ棬ҲԼѹΪºʯ̨֮ԼΣҶиãи
ĿޱȼᶨҪԼԼƼޡ
ҪʯɲͻһΪеġ
ʯһ侳ߣʵǱҲֻ΢ѷɫһ
ڰ˸ǰڣʶʯҪŹɱʱģպҪʯɱ
ʯע֮·ϵһʯΨвʯʯߵøԶ
֮·˲пᣬΨʵǿߣܲŶԷͷ
¶ʣʶΪʲôԼϲԼСϼĴк־۷ʱҲʱ
㡣˵̶̫࣬һ仰Աڵ̬ȡ
㣬лл㡣ϣ¶ҸЦݡ
ڣһͳϢΪ֮𶯣ŵӲ֪ƣţȾþò
Ȼ˻Ϣеʱһ˵Ϣ
ǰһϢǣӡڣԼսŵӡʯº̨һսݣ
ʯ˭һЩŵŵΪ֮ɻʱǷ׷Ϊǽ֪ԭʯڵʮŵ֮һλеʮĴڣ侳ߣŴϵ״ӣҲ֮ǰĵ׷˼
ŵٴ𾪣Ϣǰһɾˣ̨˾ηڣŵһ̨ǾѪ֮սݣ
һŵΪ֮𾪣Ϊ֮ľ
Ųһͷ̨ϣɱŵӡ
ǰʯϡ
ʯɲ֮ǰŵܱȡ
ʯǰֻں֮ڣʯǿߣλʮŵ֮һʵŽǰʮĴڡ
뿪ȺҲϢȻ֪Ϣ϶ʯڣ⴫ȥġ
ԴˣҲΪ⡣


34 ҵ
ȻڰǰŴ漣һΣû˿
ʯڵŵӣʮ꣬һΪһǰͲ侳أ츳ʮǰ侳ɲ֮ǰڳµļŵܱȵġ
ʯ츳ŵԵóڣŴϻῴΪ״ӣ
Ȼ츳ʯߣһӹɣǣʮ꣬Ȼ˸ǰɱ侳صŵӣûţһʱ䣬ܴﵽԺʯᲢ۵ĸ߶ȡ
ʮһʱ䣬ӻɱһ侳ŵӣԻɱ侳ŵӣ
Ҫǣʯһ侳ŵӣ侳ŵУҲǰéĴڡһʮŵλսе侳صӣʤҲôȥʵȻԭ̤϶ǿˡ
ٹ꣬սʤʯû˻֣ڣʮꡢûȫɳĳȹ̵ʯ̨̤һսû˿
ڳΪʲôʯһ̨֮ԼŵӶµˣȻйأȥ꣬ʯһֱ׷ģһμķı²ʯôܻġ
İ־İԵǰ󲿷ŵӾظܵˣЩŵӿȻʯֵ˳Ȼ϶嶯ȥԼսһ̨вݵһս
ȻΪһΣǳİ־ºŵӹΪڰһŵĳ¾Ҫزˡ
ǲ֪ʱŻ᲻ָԤϾһţŲ̫ʹ䣬ʱ䣬պȻһȽȽ֮ǡ
ºһսŵӶڴţȻǶΪлʯǱʶǻϣܴ漣
˵˼ô֡
壬һƻֺĴС
ĴУվԵÿյģһɫ۵ˣһݸˡ
˿Ҳʮңֻǣһ˫ɣӣȴһΪģһ˾١
˾٣ڰλнʮأʮ꣬Ҳ֮ǰΪڰһŵֻǣͷϵⶥ⻷ȴǱ˸ˡ
ⶥ⻷ˣֵŷз֮ˡ

һƾճֵ֮ţƫԶСݳǣһ츳˫˾ٵע⣬ֻǣΪһЩԤ˾ٵûֱټֻǾؿɳһУ̨ɱŵӣ˾ȫ֪
գ֮ԻݸվһҲΪ
ϣſֵúܣ˵Ǹ״ʯһʮŵԼսº̨һս˾ٿݸˣ΢΢һЦ
ǵģݸ˵ͷһǰλȻᣬ˿Сʵ˵ŵһЩػߣ硣
ҪǣᣬԺкܴռ䡣
£ô
ǸҲһʱˣ츳ȷʵٸʱ䣬ǲĵʯϡ棬º󡭡ܻʯһľֻ˵̫ԴΪ̨ɱ˼ͨŵӣ޷죬޼ɣݸ䣬Լ״ʯš
ʮĻƿСǶܻ״ӣ˵ĵʯҲûˡ
϶ʯš˾Цˡ
ôѲɾãºһսǳʤʯºҵĵʯͳ̨һսʱǲУ㡭Ϊϧ츳ְɣݸ˫𣬺һ
Ȼᣬ̨ĹأȱģȻȴҲΥ˾һֱ֣Ե
Ǿͺáݸͷһ粽뿪˴
ǲᣬɽʦ᲻ᣬҾͲ֪ˡۿ뿪˴˾ٵ¶˼ڴºҲ֪ܲٸҴϲ͸ڵպӭͷ֮ϣкѣ
˾һԸۿڴһŵΪԪĶţڲֻǣԸĿǰʵǲˣֻ츳ȵΪĳ
˾￴һϲľϲԭˮڣָ˲ٻ
Ȼȥ󣬾ͱһ֣˵뷨ȻǺŵһ㣬ǸʯɲһŵӣжŽǰʮĴڣرĺɡܿͳ¸ˣǱȳͳţĿùʯһλսչֳʵǳ̨ɱŵܱȵģŵʯǰֻں֮ڡ
ﵱȻ֪ҲǹԼҲ֪λظǣѵǣȷʵԼҲû
ջˮջˮųĬĬ߽ľȥһɸ֣һ֮Իô嶯ȥԼսʯ϶ΪǸ
ŶΪʦܺʯԼսֵ÷зһʰº̨֮ԼǳʦԼӱܣȻǱܲˡ¸һǣ̾
ɣʦܣҪȥȰȰĺɿɣеĽ˭ó
ǰǳʦܵĶ磬˵ĻܿҲ
԰ɡɿЦǳĶ粻٣СһֱײǽͷƢȥȰҲûκΰգ¹òȥԡ
ÿķţ˽ȥҪ뿪ڣسҰɣ
˽ɵ˼ҡͷһЦ磬ѵ֪ҵƢȻʯԼº̨һսұȻḰԼᷴڡǷˣҾͲˣҵ֮·ҲΪҵӱܶ谭ⲻҪġ
ǣʲôûҪûˣʲôûˡɼ
˫һ̧ͷųɵ۾磬ǰֻ·ѡһӱһε̨֮ԼңԸѡҵҵη壻ҵͷ
ǳһһɼ򵥵زԼӱܣһųԸʹȥⲻҪߵ·
·ǶûˣҲһ߿յǣǻʲô˼
Ҷˡһ̣ڳϣɷ·𿴵˶塰Ӱӣ·𿴵˴硰硱ӰӣǸˣһľǿΪ׷ǿ㾡Уη
磬ͷİɣʯҪɱңҲûôס


35 
Ԫ߾ڡ
꣬ڵȵͷˣ˵ֶŮ硱һˡ
׼ȥʱһٻӰԶƣһ£ȶ˵ΣǷǣħĵĸŮһͷںڵĳƤ㾧Ө͸ò°ˣĵһˮ̣ͦ°ͼΣϣ·Ҳκ覴á
ģ˵գֱìܵĽ塣
̴ԭأôҲ޷ǰŮǰǸɬСѾͷϵһЩˣ㡭С磿
Ůˣûκкһ塣
̶ıһ㶼⣬ЦС磬ڻǣʱϣӦ޸ϻڵλǿΪ檣ϣԺиǿȻҲϣ˽ģϼңϾô꣬رһ㣬ΪɣϼҶ꣬ʣ㸸׿㣬һֱɶ㵱ŮһԴ
һΣҲûٱ㣿˵۰ġ
𣿡ƽһΣƣۿ޹ǸһֻΪĸ׻᲻ٱ
Ϊ£ֻǵô򵥰ɣ
һʱ治֪ôˣ¹ϼҵĴòҧ˵С磬㲻֪ڹȥһʱϼ̫ıʣ磬ǡˣ
һƽһ˿ô£
磬Ȼ׸磬СǼΪչˣǰǼ޸ǸΪ檵ʱĶҲǼԵģȻûʲôãϾһġ
ڣ֪綼ˣ
һһ䣬ȥһһ˵˳һεݳŵӿʼ˵𡭡˵϶˵ϼҼٵΣǸ츳ĿֲǲϼպȻڡ
ԣᣬҾͷһ˫ϢԵЩ䡣
̾˿ѡܾġ
ֻΪΪϼңȻܾ£ϵҴ֮ԹۣǸӣǽС󣬱̹ǣŭ¡
ǡ̵ͷ¶ϲ
壬ûʲô˵Ļ뿪ɡȥºϼҶӴɣԺҳ˭ŮˣϼҴκκôΪҲϼˡŮһ䣬л͵
ʲôɫһ䣬û뵽Ů˾ȻС磬ѵĲǸŮô֣ϼҶ֮
֣֮ŮЦˣЦЩ壬ҵĸ˭ɱģӦñһɣ
㡭ͫһϾǲ˼飬㶼֪ˣôᣬôᡭ
ǲǾú֣ôֻ֪˵ֻ֣©жֽ֮ɱˡһΣҴӦ£ǰҲǰϼңֻҪΪֻһ磬Ͼûͬۡ
Ů˵ţ𽥵ʧ̵ǰһ̣ıӰôôįôˡ
ԭȫ֪ˣѹ֣ѹ֡ɫףһ̣ʲôϼǷģȻǷˣҪٴõôϼ˾ͲˣպĸǸˣ˵ϼңǰţҲ
һεĽҲԲˡ
٣ϼҵδͿ̿ϼұסˡ
뿪˰ĵطո뿪ɽһӰڳһֻޣСٶȴΪ£Яһţתûƶˣʧߡ
һºλԶ֮أڡĵ
һƻֺĳɽ֮ϣɽһͤ컯֮£§һŮڽаӣǸӦʲôµĶȻӿ죬ͺһĳҺ壬ȫӿµŮڡ
һ֣Աߵ·ת۾ʹã̤߳ͤͱڣ߿ա
ʱһӰһɫ磬ӵǰһֻɫķޣԻضӵͷֽϵȡ£һ֣ٴλһɫ磬³ƶˡ
Ŵ򿪣еʱӹЦ粽صͤУ򴩺·ŮӣūҪһԶţԼĪһȥһԣȥĸ
ǣˡŮӦͷü˼Ľ
ĸζʲôȻߵŮ˵ҲʮĸȴһλýȢޣʶǧ𣬵λŮˣֻŮūѣŮūֻйԪĹߣʱĸȴܺ˫޻Ůˣλ󣬸ЩŮūܱȡ
̧֣βָڴϣȻ³̶ƿնͬʱڳɽߵƶ֮ϣһӴӰХ䣬һֻɫ񣬿Ӵأɶȴޱȣ˫Хչмִ֮Ƶơ
ۿ£ӵŵضһԾͳͤӯ䵽ϣϺڣԪڡ
һף˫񶯣һɫ⣬תʧ߾ͷٶȣ֮ǰŵֻޣǿࡣ
ڣ
ˡѪɫƬ鲼˫צ£һ˺һֻӴ屻˺Ȼأֻ޵ʬΧеĲУԣһֻޣֻˣά־þòɢޣǸ߽ޡ
߽ޣָ߼ϵޡ
ʯһսʮ졣ջ˫צ˫ָֻԭ꣬˫͸¶ּ֮ɫΣʮҶҪʯɱҵ֮·ƱػԿԽ谭
꣬ǳ
һʯ̨֮Լ󣬳ûٺͼһ룬ֻҪмڣǿһЩޣвҲκѹΪ֪
ºһսأиʱûмֻܿԼԣ￪ʼԼĶ֮ãձɱޣһֻΪµ߼ޣ룬ֻ޵ʵٲȻҪãܽɰ˼ޣ
ҵΪƿҪͻƵ侳ʮأҪһʱ䡣
̾˿漴Ŀһѵצǰѣ˳֮󣬱ѵؾҲӣ磬ѵؾҲͷʯһսǰͻƣʤؽ


36 Ҳ
ѵؾһգӵǰؾĻϣҿ϶߽似ĵھء
ֻǣһڵԣһβСľ롣
ʱ䲻࣬ʮ󣬱ʯ̨һսӣܲһ֮ǰͻƣֻܿԼŬ
ȥΧ߼µˣȫ߼ޡ
ɱ˼ֻ߼޺󣬳һֻޣֻ޲ûڷ׷һֻɫС
ϸһɫСȻһֻСꡣ
С꣬ԼĪȭͷСһ˫鶯ѡ
óﾪǣֻССٶȴǼ죬ֻ߼ʵޣ춼û׷
ಣ
ͻȻ￴ֻСֻоߴһķһ
ɫСļϣվȣͬʱצƳֻ߼ޡ
𡫡߼޷𣬳˹
챻۵Сĵ̣Ϊܵ޾衣
СһҰ㣿
￴߼ϵС꣬΢Цʵֻ߼ޣ޶á
ޡСˮĴ۾ͳӣɰСԴ°ڶ
߼ڵˣͷѪͨͬʱ֡
Ըֻ߼ޣʼգվԭ˿޽ɲǣ̧צ֣ų߼޾¡
ˡԵؾ˲һѵצ£
һצ£˺ǰƬݿûڡ
߼ޣ̧ͷǰ࣬˫ͫ¶־壬̶ӴȻ¡
ʼգ߼츳ͨãͱɱ
ޡϵСмԻǰצǰƺԸȥѪȵһĻ
Сһ㻹ẦأҡͷһЦѪ֣ͨСץ£ģôС㲻ֻСĸɣ
ɻͬʱСɵС귭˸׳죬ȷҲµûȻֻСĸ꣬
Сվڳģһ˫ˮĴ۾˸һ̣оСˣɱˣС꣬Ầߣˣʲôطȥ
ȻȻΪֻС꣬Ӧĳǿ޵ĺڿǿġĺ
СǰչֳٶȼΪ£Աʩչľشɡ̤ѩ޺ۡ⻹ûгɳСٶȣɳ϶Ϊֲ
ڳ￴һޡ
ھż֮ϵĴڣʵе侳ߡ
ޡСǰצָǰ
Сǰ˰죬ܿͽĸʱ﷢һֵ⣬Խǰߣһֻޣ˵ﲻӦиǿ
ޡС鶯Ĵ۾͸¶ֲᣬ֪Сļҵˡ
С£ǰһƬƵ֣΢Цȥɣĸĸܳˣ϶ܵġ
С˵ɰСԴַȥ
ֻǣֵһβԶ·ͷŻһ׹⣬Ѹ˰Ƶ֣ʧ
Сʧǰеºɢȥǰ֣ﰵӦþУռݵ򣬾˵ԪϺͺĵӣ׽룬ղһ·ûޣӦΪԵʡһǸϽ߰ɣǱ֣ɾ߶߲ˡ

һͽ似̤ѩ޺ۡʩչ··һ׹⣬ʧָ
ֵһȥˣ׼ȥսǿİ˼ޡ
ȻѵצͻƵصһΣ㱻弶ޡˡɱҲ﷢ҲðգһΣҪʯ̨֮սһսֻʮʱ䣬Щ£ǵȲģֻգһƼޣ
Ƹۣʮ̨ɱʯúû
ʱţ׾Թ϶ʱ䣬ת۾Ϳˡ
£ŵӷ׷ڴպ̨ϵһսһЩԪϣһսҲڴһսˣɶһˡ
һˣŴϵ״ӡʯǰλսʱǿʵ̤ʮŵУλеʮ
һˣһֵŷзŵӣڱŵӹΪڰ츳Ϊ֮ˣһٽͷϵĹ⻷ժ£Լͷϡ
ʮڣһʱ䣬Ⱥ̨ŵӵݣɱŵӣǿһ侳صŵӡ
𺳵ģȡʲôɾͣȡʲôɾͣʮ֮䣬ɱ侳ߣ
ʲô
˵ڹȥʷûз£ݹԪʷеĸţҲûһʮȡĳɾ͡
˵յһӣǼ񵽱ˡ
ֻǣ뵽һλ꣬Ҫպʯһս˶̾Ϣѵźò׳ֵţһξҪ
ȻҲһСںò׳ôһţĻ̨ϱɱŲʣ
ۿʯ̨һսҪ˵עʱ
һ˵ϢһͨѸٴݿʮŵ֮һеλġɹ侳صͻƵ侳أ
ϢصձƣŵӶˡ
˭
ǰʮļһΪͲ侳أʮŵλսУ侳ΪɨķΪʮеĵˣš
˵ʮţѩĵţͱһλػΪ˹ŵӡ
ػߣһ̫ϳϼĴڣڵĵλ߶⣬ػߣҲмӣҵ
ʦ㾹Ȼͻˣ񻹲ʮɣ
ʦҪٹĸ²ŵʱŶʮꡣû뵽ʦԶʮһ֮䣬Ͳ侳أ˵ڶʮǰ̤侳
ʮǰ̤侳ӵ츳ڽҲֻλһλԶʮ֮䣬侳Ϊ侳ǿߡ
ᵽ۵ŵӶһ羴ޱȡ
˾١ʮ경侳ʮڣΪʷҪǣǰʮ֮һ˲
˾٣ҲǴŵӵż׷Ŀꡣ
û
žϿУһʤѩļվľǰľʯϣǰӡ
ҡͷ̾˿һ뿪ڶûҲ֪ôˡţպ϶̨ϣʯһս
Ҳš


37 
ʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥˡ
ǰֵֻʮŵλսʱеĵɷϿŻ֣ƽʱɷϿ̨Լսս֮ҲֻһЩŵӣǽգһЩŵӵΧĮ̇ϣԷúһΣΧеһ̨
ŵӶףЩΣԪҲ˵ճʯ̨һսԪϣս
ոո𣬵ɷϿ̨ΧУ̨Χվŵӣ̨Ͽգһ᳤յϣҲվˣһ˵ɷϿ̨ΧֻΪռλãۿһս
һսڴʱ䡣
ɫȫһݲӰӵɷϿϿƮ£׷ڰ̨ϣ׼õЩϡˣŵӷ׷׾Щˣųϣһ侳εǿߡ
λϣÿ簡
ֹ˰ʱˬʵЦӵɷϿϿմ£ºͿ׵ӣһݸ˺һ˵Ĵӵն䡣
ӣ̨ϣϵųϷ׷վµӺݸˣҾϡ
ӣڵ˾١ݸˣŴϡ١

̨ΧŵӣһĿ˾ٵϣоȺͳݣʷ˾١
ʯ
ϳ˸˾ϷٲӣʯȻһˣߵıǴϣʦ𡣡
ʯˣһŵӲԾɷϿϿգʲôʱ
˾ٺʹϷʯһųϴк󣬵ŵض˾̨еһ̨ϣͦñֱݾȻһ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
ϣʯΪ־ˣǽ̵з
ǰǰһսʯȻƯʤǳȻ츳Ըȴ̫ڿʯҲá

һЩųϣ׷׶Է˵
գʯ̨ϣɱٵڡ
ʲôһ仰Χų϶סˣǿһγʯ̨һսԳ˫츳ΣҲÿɱպǰ;ܴߵøߡԶ
ϣǲЩף츳Ǽѵõģ̨ϣ̫ϧˡһųϵ
츳Σһսʯ̨ͱΪԼľۡڣţд̨صȨ˵𣿡ƽ˾١
̨ϵĹأȱ£Υ˾Ҳͷ޳ɷٵĻ
Χųԣһ׷̾ϢҡͷϧһţվҪ̨ˡʱһЩųϣþͱμһ̨֮սˣȻһЩɱϾǱסˣסˣǰ̿ԡ
һʱȥﻹû֡
̨ϿգϿһᲱϣնӰ˽Ϻͼ⣬ڼߣһˣ̬Ҳʮңʱڵʦ֣ôֹǸСһһɱڶͽܿɾûˡ
ƵᣬνڣСˡ˵ʯʦ֣һҲֱӰɡ
Ȼ֪λʦ̣˻Щ̨ΧǻŵԪϺŵӣðȻ̨֮սƱػҲ֪λʦҲû˸Ҷ˵һ䣬˾١
ﲻˬԼ˰ɣ
ҿпܣ֪ܻɵϹڵܶѾ뿪šףǳȻĸ
һЩŵΪҪˬԼʱ򣬵ɷϿϿգһӰ£ȵվе̨ϣһõŵ·滹մȾûȫɿݵѪҺޡ
ǸմϻɣϵѪѵǽɱ޵ѪһЩŵӲ²
ЩŵӲûв´Ǹմϻһ·ޣɱˡ
̨֡ϵĳɨһΧ̨ϾȻˣЩ˼ˣֻһеӱȽᣬӣλȻ͡
ЩУϳˣǰͼųϣһǸ𷢷ŵơεģһǸ𷢷ŵơεģֻǣϿҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ŀ϶ǡôô󵨣ĸϹˡҡҡͷԳһЦ
û뵽ĸ
ʯŴؤĳüͷһ壬оӡ
⻰һ㶼Цһؿʯ˵ʯ㲻˰ɣ̨һսԼģҿҲôô
㣡ʯһϣ֪ôشѵ˵Ϊ
㲻Ϊ㣬˰ɣĿЩŹ֣´ʯ㣬Ǹʸ𣿡
Ҳѿ֮ҾҪ̨Ͻɱʦÿ˭ʯĿȻڣͬʱվǰһŵӳ۹޷Զ
Ϊɱˣͻѡ㣿ǸЦҼǵһʶ֮ǰֻӬ߷˼˰ɣҲûʲôøУ˵Ƥ񡣡Цһм
ӬﾹȻ˵ʯǲӬݣҲͦеġΧŵӣһĿŹ׷״̨ϵʯΪ֮£ԽôʯЩӬ
ųϣһҲĿŹֵؿ˴ϷһۣʯǲӬǴʲôӬʦ
ߣΪ磬ֻ֮һʱ֮죬Ψһʵٵͺһʯţһ仰ʯĶУõĶϻʲôֱӰɱ˾ǡ
ʩչֶΣ侳߲յġ˵仰ֻʯһ
ʯͱĻѪӿﾹȻ˵ǲӬ
ʱʦٵĴʯҲͲסӵض
˻һӰƷɨεӡХ֮Ϊ֮𶯡
һ֣ȫʩΪ߽似ԪơųȻ䡣
ʯʩչ似˲䣬Ҳˡ
ֻŲһ׹⣬ӭȥָצ֮߶ؼͽ似ѵצؾ˲һ
𣬳һצͽʯӡץ飬ӭʯһơ
ʯԪƣģ˵£һĳը׵Ч


38 ʯ֮
׻˵úãпŵп֡
ʯ似ѸޱȣŵӸ˵Ķ侳µŵӣϡԿӰ
Ψ侳ŵӺԪϣܿ壬ʯһɲǣ˾ͽˣӲƴ
似̤ѩ޺ӵһߣоĴ𶯡
ʯʩչԪĵ͸Ĵڣһ
ʯҲùʩչѵצյʱûоѹ
ת۹һĿֲһѪӿ
似ӶԶʯתͳţг˲ͼɵ
ղŷʲôŵһã
ÿٶȡ侳µŵӣ׷Ŀ¶
Ψ侳ϵŵӣŵ˫ûжͨӲƴ֮£ʯȻûռϷ磬̫ˣʮ갡ʮ꣬ܺ侳һƴ˿·磬
Ϊ侳ضѣ̫ˡ
ûʲôֵģ˵հʱΪ侳أŲ£侳Ϊһ侳ŵ̨֮Լһº̨Ϊ侳ء
Ϊܵ˵ģ
ˣʲôЦѵ֪侳Ϊһ͸ɵǸ侳صŵӣһκ󣬲Ź죬Լһ侳ŵְ̨˼ҸɱˡǾŸǰ̨ɱǸ侳ŵӣһΪҲֻ侳ء
ҲУ
˵ڳһ侳Ϊܺ侳صʯһƴҲ֣û뵽žŸʱ䣬ʹ侳ز侳أΪ֮ǰΪҪ⣬ڿСˡ
ܸɵʯɣ
Щ侳ϵŵӾȣڳҲ׷׺Ȼһ˼ض̨ϵĳ
һװ˵ߣݼż⼸ǶԸţֻһʮꡣ
Ǭ½Ůʮ꣬ʮ֮ǰӣ֮Ϊꡱʮ󣬲ű֮Ϊꡱ
츳ͨʵʯ似ǹ似˵ʵ൱
˾Ŀ¶Ϳ̾һΣǸһľϲ
ǰԼսʯҲȷºʵܺʯһս
ɽһȷʵ˺ʯһսʵ
̫ˣʮ꣬ʮ갡Ҽǵʮʱֻһŵӡһ̾
ϣҲֻһŵӡһϿһ۳õ·ϡԱϳŵӵķΡ
ˣʵֻŵӣ˭ֵŵơεģϰüһƣ۴С
ϣҡ𷢷ŵơεǸϣЦ
ûȥΪŵӣ
ˡ
Ȼˣ㻹ŵƺͷΣǾãʵԳΪŵӣ
ϣҲǰŹذ£û취֤Լ侳ߡйأΨ侳߲ܳΪŵӣûҲš
϶켱ˣôôùպýֵ
ϻ˵ʲô˾ֹˣ˾ٵһЦϣﳤҲǰչذ£ûﳤϣγܺúûŵƺͷηɡ
ǣ
ﳤϲ˵Ҷû⣬ʼգȷʵûңΪҲֻ侳أŹ֣ǹŹ֡Աһ϶ųоɻ
ûԺǻˣ
ߵλ϶ϷٵɫҪѿжѿ
ٴʯȫ֣Ʊؽɱˮ
ȻյʦٵĴʯЩɡ
˵ʵղչֳʵŵˡ
һǰǰϡ
ڣﲻҺԼս̨Ҫǣڲͨǰ£ȫ֣ȻûռϷ硣
һûж츳ͨ
СӣСˣڵĽչҪֻ꣬꣬ҲԳΪʮŵ֮ˡ
ᲱϣϿչֳʵҲŵˡ
츳ȻѹŵӶ˵Űһţ츳ȷʵ˾Ҫǿ̾Ϣһ
û˵Ҳܾȣû뵽ʱ䣬Ľô
츳ԵõϿˡ뵽ʲô˫һ졣
Ѿͷ۹⣬Сӻûɳ֮ǰ;סģպɳ߳ķ㲻ڽյѡԪЩţ츳Ҳδߡ˼һۣ漴̾
ȷʵչֳ츳ǷŵȥҲеš޳ɵͷҲ΢ЦԼͽ
ʦ𡭡ۿҲĨ糺֮ɫ
ˣǼʦػ֮һ
Ȼ濴ֻʮңⶼһΪƽʱı֮
ʵ䣬ʮ꣬Уıֺͽƽڰ̨ϵͳǣҪһ
д󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣʲôúߵģ£ˣʦ֣ûɣ˶Խϵ
ȻûϹһЦѾΪĵӡ
㻹ʲôղȻսƽ֣츳ͨĲ࣬ͨǡԪֻ֪ͨͨͨǱѪͨ츳ͨһϡ
ۿԼʯһϷЩջˡ
ٴδʱжżַŭ
ʯ״ӣƨ
ʯʤܣɹϵŴϵ棬ɲá
ʦĴʯһŴǡ
ǰ츳ͨɲһͨһʮŵλսӮõʮϯλıԼǿľԪͨ
ҳϣĽҺ𾪣Ϸ˽ˣϣҾҪǰɱ˺飡
ʯһɨͬʱһƿµϢ𽥵ػɫ壬Χ
ʯʱˣ㻹ҿڳԣͨԪͨҲô
ۿʯͨɢش˸Ƿһںӡ
̨ΧһŵӺԪϿʯ츳ͨȥ
Ԫƺĳ۳ûлͨĴ㣬һɵˣʲô
Ȼһ̣˶ȻؿʯǰһЯžԪͨڣɵ˳ǰ׿ʱȴһ£Яһˤ˳ȥ
ʯˤ֮ǰ·δ֪ǰÿˡ
һĨѪˤȥʯţ۶Ŀ


39 Ϸ蹷
ݺˤȥʯ˫ֽѪĺһ˫ͫ׵ɵûԲ˼£ûϢ
ʯ
Ϸ˫ͫһе̨ʯϢȫʱɷڣתɱȻ˵㵽ʲôɵֶΰʯ˵ұؽɱ
̨ϷһĻˣղţۿʯԼľԪͨ˶Ϊһʵľս˭֪ʯЯžԪͨȥڶһȥأûԼˤȥˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȻҲһЩŵӿŵӡν̨һսʱνǱĨɱʯڵ͵νƣǱֶͬɱ
ֶΣ˵ǹϲ⡣
âڳУֻᲱվŵĽϣԼ˾٣ϳ˳ղʩչֶΣһŵĵ⣬ƺ츳ͨϢ
˫ͨӵߣ
Ϻ˾ﶼ̲סһ
ֵ꣬ҸղŰڵųϣǵעʯϣûߡ
ۿʯԼʩչâ÷ɵͨɱһʯڵһμʯ㱻ɱʱʯĴڣͳ˳֮·ϵһʯʯ飬֮·ͨ衣
ԷٵвЦˣϣ̨ϣֶξˣֻܹԼˣ⻰֪Ǻ⣿ѵ˼Һʯһսұɱʯ˱ɵֶΣ
һ쳹̨ΧأŵӣųϣϷٵĿⶼЩ졣
̨ʱڣһֱеڣֶ̨ξݣڷۿԼ״ӱɱʼˣˣ
ɫһ֪ڸ˭˵ŴϣҲֻ񣬻𱰲֣ŹأǴ󲻾
ۿɱʢͺһһмǴ˽ųҳмӣֻһΪ̨ϱɱֻ蹷һҧ˵ϼһʲôʸõҵ𾴣㿴ڣﻹ˿Ŵϵӣѹһֻӵķ蹷
ȷʵֻΪʯʬ뿪ɷһͺǳ˱ɵֶβɱʯֻˣĿ֮£ٻ붯ֽɱΪʯ
ʯڱ𴦣Ҫﲻʲô뷨ʯ̨ϱɱŴϣΪȴǴʧݣ˵ûзȡ
һˣҪõ𾴣

ɷϿڣÿ¡
һûпѹ̨֣Χ˵ĶУһ̣ŵӶľսؿųҲ̫ţ˰ɣ֮ͥ£ھǡ蹷ʲôģ
ĻҲ޵ȷʵû˿ŴϵӣȻɱʯٵ״ӣʯϾ̨ϱɱ̨ĴڣŹرġ

һЩųϣۿϷʱܶԳ֣׷׿˾٣Щ츳ҲΪ֮𺳣һţǱպȻһ콾ڵδžصӰ졣
˾һ֣ЦЦؿԶٶŵĳ֣ԼԽԽϲСһˣ룬ԼǲҲӦոˣҲСˣֻǣʦͬ
ΪҲɱ㣿ɱ䣬ǰһ侳ǿеϢϯ
˲䣬ֻоһɿµϢȻأʯµϢɨϣһܻ߳´ʹһĿŷ٣ȵϷ蹷ͰɱˣҳֻܹԼϹۣݴšҾͲţڣϷ蹷һϣֻ죡
Сһ־ͣ𾪣ٱϾ侳ߣơѹ£ܱ˿ʦ֣һǼ񵽱ˡᲱϣ
ϵ˵ͷĿڷٵϣǵУɱ˸
һǣһôô
ˣǷˣ̨ΧŵӣֻоͷƤ飬ﻹˣҲԵʲôˣŴϣ侳εĴڣͶܺɱ
ųһĻǺ죬ĻǵĹǷ׷׿˾٣ֻ˾һ£ȥ˾ٷֿ
Ǵϣʵˣôˣ治
Ҫǣʵɱǿˣ
СӣȥҲͲסˣ̧֮䣬µХųʹ˳ȥһɫӡƿնӷʩչġԪơʯʩչĲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ۿٵӡҪڳϣһЩŵӶ̲ס۾
ɣɣϱŽ䣬¶׺֮ɫ
ɫ䡣
ʦܣ¸աĺɺͺܿ˫Ŀ졣
ڷٳֵɲǣ˾ڶˣֻ˾λһӰɢһ̣˾ͳڳߣһ̧֣ڳϵġơ˳
ͬʱ̨ϿգһɿµϢ£ֻһ⻮Ƴգ׾پͺ˷۳ӡȥƲ˷ٵؿڣɳȥˤڵصķ٣һѪͷϷѣҰ׳£Ǳѡ
һӰ˾ٺͳߡ
ˣ̨ΧЩų֮⣬ŵӵͫ׶̲סһǶϳٵӡ˷ٵˣɲظλظˣ
Ȼǰʶλظ˲򵥣ҲΪֻͨϣȴû뵽ʵȻ˿ֲͿղŵһŴϷٸͲһΣٸղſǺŭ֣Ȼ֡
лͲµǰ˵ݣȻû˾٣ȴӳ¸ǿ˽˾ٵһЩţ֪ʷʮͼλ첻ʮ꣬ʵͨ
ղҶԷǰ㣬Ҳе׵ģΪ֪λ϶֣֣պڽκſԡ
ϡֵֿظظˣ¶м
ʦ塣˾ٿϣ
ʦ
ʦ壡
ųҲ̤е̨һһԽ
һĻһΧŵʯȻղſλظظ˳֣Ǿ͸о䲻ڿλˣѹϹųϻҪһ
û°ɣҲ뿪Ჱ̨һʱ˳ߣиֵ֮ɫ
û¡ҡҡͷ
ʦ壡˾ٺڳϣʱͼһֵˣǹ
ŵٴһʱ򣬵ɷϿϿյƮȻһڹ˺ѣһֻӴĺɫƿն£ڴϣԻһһŮеӢŮ
ֵͦġӣͻȻڣȻȴ쳹ɷϿ


40 ӡ
ɫһֻɫ񣬳￴˲䣬ԺоǰĳС˵ġ񡱣û뵽ǰС˵һۼ
ɫЯž˵ƣ嫶䣬µϢѹڵɷϿ֮ϣһЩΪŵӣĿ࣬ܵ˼ѹ
е̨£̨ҲǱҪֵĵطųǵĺң¶Ȼ֮ɫеĴֻƣ˾żǾֻһܡ

ڳɫ䡣
̨ϣͼʵǵصƣѹɫף侳Ϊų϶Ӱ죬οǣ̨ϣûܵκӰֻˣ˾١ظظ˽ϣԼʦǸˡ
̧֣۳һ㵭Ĺڳͼϣѹ
ĵʲôˣһֻɢϢ˿ֲ˵ʵǿεȵزźɫ񣬻ŵһһŮ𺳡
ԭϻڡӡã˾ʧʧԶӭˡ˾˫أնֻһ̧֣Ϣɢƣ˲ʧ
˾ڿеһĻо鴤һ£ʲôȻɣ
ƾ֮ڿնɣڳǰֶΡ
ԺУֳ뼾һӣ˵һ侳֮ϣΪ侳ߣһƥɱжԵУΪ¡
侳֮ϣ侳ǿߣ侳ǿߣӳꡣ
Ȼ侳ǿߣﺧȻֻֿĴ񣬡ղųǻֻΪǺ侳ǿһĴڣ֮ϡֻ֮˵ǸŮʮ꣬ӦòλҲͶʮ塢ӣӦþˣܼԦҲ侳ǿߣ
ʮ塢꣬侳ǿߡ
оԼǰδеؿ죬Ǻε츳
֪ʱ˳ߣҲע⵽˳ϵĺȻ˵̫ȣλӡϻһһˣܳλǿ֮һСͱϻص࣬ϵĵҩҩ츳һΪյԴԶȲϺϻĴţ츳ֻҪһֱŬȥպδؾͲܳ

ò˵ϵĻΪһǿ֮š
ܳ˿Ŀ⣬ǰδеؼᶨ
ı֣ص˵ͷҲն𣬸˾٣ӭĺɫ
Ҳ侳ǿߡһܿ죬Ŀߵϣλ뽪ƽǰ
ʦҲ侳ߡ˳ɻ΢Ц
ԣﶼЩľˡ

վںɫϣӭ˾٣һЦţԪһλ绪һȻ鴫ԪԴƶĵطʮ꣬һ侳Ϊ˾˾尡
λӦñǡϡеһλɣ϶һ鴫Ŀ⣬˾ߵĽϡ
̨ΧŵӣںɫƱ˾ٴƺڻعǿ֮ڿУɫ̸֮Цظظˣһ
ʵĪ⣬ȴû뵽һĴڣλ۵ظˣҲ侳ǿߣ
ܵõһޣ˾ٺգǺϻڵľţ˫ġӡ֮һŵʮű㲽侳ʮͻ֮һʵ֮ϣ鳤ʮ޵ݡ˾̾˿оį֮⡣
ڽ绪ɸǰλӱֵһᣬڣֻԪڵһţڵĺϻڣȴеĶţȫһϡ
ԪĸԪĸ£ʮ
˾һ仰ڳ˶ˣڳϡλĵӣʮ侳ߣʮͻ侳侳꣬λӲŶʮꣿ
˾ٽʮ꣬ǻ֪ġ
ղλӱ˵侳صĴڣ˵ʵǿλӣ侳أ侳ϵĴڣ
ҿǣ𾪣λӲŶʮ갡
ûȣûȡ

ڵӶλȡõĳɾͣʱͻȻһת۾ŵӵĿ⣬׷׻̨ϣһʮ˵ϡ
ԺҲȡĳɾ͡
ʮ꣬ոɱ侳ΪʯʮʱӦȡλһĳɾ͡
뵽ǶοһЩ
ӡʱʦǸҲն𣬿ɫϵ΢΢
λӦþеġͯϡɣоһΪϻڵӣȻŮҲϲһ͵Ůˣһ뵽˵ʵ䣬ʱûȤ
һλ侳ĴڡΧڵӶЩľˡ
һŵĽ䣬ϱĿ⣬䵽λĿĵߣҲƲˣＤ㣬Ȼ㡭ѹ֣ѹָǰոҵУ˵ˣԭλӣϼҳǿߣ
»û뵽ĩռҪ˰ɣϱ̨ϵĳЦ
ȷʵ֪λӸУʮɾ侳ʮɾ侳ʮ꣬һʵͳ侳ص˾٣λӵ츳˫
ܼڵٶȳɳȥʮʱҿ϶侳ߵʵʱͻƵڶ侳أ侳ҵʵԺ侳߱⡣ޱȣһգҪ׷λӣԽ
ӡĿ⸴ӣ츳ȻľűȣֵһᣬҲֻպϣ׷ϵӵĲɡ
Ŀ⣬ߵĳϡ
ӣ֪ڣΪ£һ֮˾ֱ⡣
ʱ˾ٿѯʣڳ˵ĿⶼڵϣǳҲ⣬Ƕɻλеľţһʲô
һЦ˾٣˾ҴֻΪһˡ
˾ٺ棬֪˭ͼݵӴݹ١
ֻ˾ٺ棬˶棬λΪ˭˭ͼңԶϻ˵ء
˫һڵ


41 Ҫ

䣬˵ĿⶼתƵ˳ϣһĿɿڴϻڵǿߣΪ˳
ѵϻڶյϢ֪ڳһţҪǽţ
Ǵ˵뷨
ңղų˵Ϊһ˶ڣҲܺ棬˭õӴңԶϻԶӿ˵֣̲סһУͲʶӣڴû
ߵ꣬ӣȻҲΪһҪȥϻڡ
˺ͼһ뷨ģ˾١еġϡͯ͡ϡɫ΢츳ĿãպһɳȻܴ۷壬˵Ǻڱȼ磬ǳڡԪңڴԪΪеǿţҲǲܡ
һţ
˾ɫ΢Цӣ֪һνڣѰⲻ״Ϊ£
˾һڣ˵ӺŮ⣬˶һʲô
˵״ӣ
Ҳһܿ죬ͷӦ˵϶ԼĵҪһ㣬ẦԼ
ô֪˾˵仰ʱǻεģϾ˵ʹϣӴ߳ĻᣬǴ˽ĵģΪڣȥԭڳĸõǰ̡
ϻڣеĶš
ڣԪһš
֮Ĳ࣬á֮ݣֻҪɵӣѡ񣬶֪ξ
˾ڵһ仰ȴȥ˳ĺ·˽ģ츳̫ˣ˵ڴûֹľţԪǧҲû˵츳ܺͳȵš
̫ҪˣһҪ³
ŶЩȣû뵽Ҫҵ˻˾״ӣ˾һδӺϻڸϹΪ㲻Ҫ֡
˾˿û뵽Լ˵˳Լ״Ӻ󣬵ƺǽţɴ΢Цӣϻһеľ֮ţȻ츳±ȲϺϻһšңѾճΪ״ӣһһӣҲһŵӣӼ£ˡҲܸ
һӣһŵӡ
˵Ŀⶼڳϣû뵽ܵȻҲʶģǲϣﱻϻȥڵδгպǱȻ
ڣףΪʲô˵Լ״ˣԭΪǽŵģЦԼȻչ˲츳Զĺϻڵעɣ
ܾãûô򵥡
ʦ֣˾Сһ׼ǽˡˣҲͯϣԽ
ˣһܱסСһҲˡϴصżΣҪ߳ڸס
˾ٵĻͻȻЦ
Ƭ̣ЦͣЪЦһգ˾ˣһҳɲҪغϻڣڵţǺϻڣɲһŵϺš
Ц˾پΪǽŵģ˵ڵŷҺϻ㲻ʲôǺϻҪڵǽǣõԳҲ̫ڣ̫ˣôҲ֮һġӡ
һ˵Ϊ˴ﵽϻȥ˾˿ˣˡȴ֪ҵĵӳΪ£
Ҫ
ڣʯ쾪ڳ˶Ϊ֮ɫ䣬˵ûκξȵģ˺һŮ⣬Ҳֻ̨ϿգվһŽϱϱ¶⣬ճǱˣ
һͫһʶӣ˵Ҫģ
ӣǲʲô᣿˾ٷӦӡ
Ȼȴ粽̤մӺɫ񱳺£ڣ֮ǰ˵ֵʱע⵽һɲǣ˵Ŀⶼϡ
Щȣﾹᣬʮңһ֮꣬ǰһ侳ɱˣЩ⣬Ϊʲô˾ٻᵣǽˣ츳ǺϻڣҲϵˣԪǶš
ۿԼǰԶӭɱ֮ûˣҲûп־壬Ϊ֪˱ɱľģʲôûãȻˣ̹Ȼԡ
ڵǰʵ΢Լİ
㲻£Щȡ
¡ֱͷ
Ȼ£㲻־壬ģµؿų
־壿ģЦˣ𣿡
һû뵽ô˵͵ص˵ͷò˵ܲ룬ϣҿΪߵİǣһǰη־ƽʱ㣬Ὣţصɽգɡ
ӡ˾һ˳ߣⲻµĵӾð㣬кεָ֮ҶϳͲģ
˾Ҳû뵽ԶΪȡɬСһελӣ
Եӣ˲κ֮Կͷ˵һΪΣʵȻţԼλʦ֣俹⣬һˣ
ʲôˣϻһһˣϻ״ӡ
һλʦֵֿ֣ס˳غϻڣֻҪһ仰ϻھͻиǿ侳߽ڣʱڽͿ̿š
ԺϻŶԣڣ練ƣڣֻҪɳһλ侳صǿ߾ˡ
ڣֻ֪֮ĶԹΪΣǷа취ȣ򲻵ѣԸô
ӣԸһ֮ΪϺͯҲ߹˾վһ
λضԣճɣҺϻΪУλ˿ΪʼգƵᣬ̸Ц䣬Ͱĺϻ̧˳ѹλ侳ǿߡ


42 ־
ϻڣ
ӡȻĺϻڶ̧˳˾˻ÿǾʹ˽ȫںϻڵĶ档
ɷϿеڵӣһɫףĵ˺ϻڣؽӭĩա
һ㣬û˻ỳɡ
һЩŵ￪ʼĥ˺ϻڣʹڵҲҪ뿪ڣֻ·һϻڣеĶţԪǿĻңҲǺϻڣοڡ
λʦ壬ѵڻǵҪΪŵǧ𣿡ʱһͻأȴǱ˵ڴϷٻָһЩƣȳ
һΣû˾÷Խ޴ң˵ǵ
ʦʦ壬ھ귢չȱǵŬ£˽յĻҵȻڴ˰̨ϵųǣ׷׿ڣǶе壬ϻΪУڲձ㽫Ԫڳ
˼
Χŵӣ׷ԸԸ˾Ϊ˳һˣš
ˣˡ˾˿ؿ¶Σ˵û㡭ݴšûаڣһжᷢ㣬㡣
ںϻȻǰ̫Сˣǰ;ŵӣû취ס
ûݴš
ҡͷһЦûһ㣬һУﶼǷֱжۡգΪҾľöһУֻܹԼ̫С̫Сˣ
ݳȥڴ˶Ĭˣǰ̫Сˣڵǰֻǳ̫СڣҲ̫Сˡ
˾˿ˣȻԸҲ֪Լ˿
Ϻͯ̾˿Ҳ˿ˣǿԲΪԼ룬ȴΪŴ㣬ػߣػǵһҪΣǵĴڣΪܸõشȥ
Ѿͷ߰ɣΪͯϽԭصļҲˡ
ʦԼ뿪ǰһģϻڵĵڣΪȡ
¶𣿡żֲ͡
ȵȡ粽̨߳Ͽյһţݳȥ磬պҸף˵һӵĲТǼҴתǣҳǳҵĺжѪᣬȻһúңᾣ
¸ʦ֣ĺʦ㣬ܿʦ㣬Ҫͣʦףղ侳Ϊŵӡ
ɱ
ʦܣ¸ձߵĺɶŮ¡
˵Ŀ⣬ڳϣǵ¶⣬ʮ꣬ǣõ˵ľأȻԵ侳ǿߣһ治ɫ壡
ʦ㣬ԲҶĳŵʵˡһףҸףҵɾֿ̾˿޳˭뵽нգ
עԵ޷ݡ
ţۼͼʶ˵Ĺϵ֮ǰע⵽ˣŮףòҪӭȢ֮£ҪǣǴӣúŮɳյ͡
˫۷Ź⣬λСγƺ
ȴԹ˵һĻüͷ𣬵ͺһͳĸ鵹ͦｫŵֻҪԸΪҵ̣ұټϻڣҸ£Ը⣿
Ļ˶
ǰһɱ˼ɣһҪ˼̣ⲻ
ۿûĴ㣬оܵƣˮ㲻Ը⣬ɱ֮һܱڷ㣬һùԹһغϻڣʱҾͲˣҵŮū
䡣
ɫһ䣬ûŪʬȺá
û㡣
ڼɲǣ̨ϴһŰ׹ӰХֱڣѪ۱鲼˫צ£嫵ľһƳգ಻
ѵצ
֮ˣǳ
ܿȴߵˣУˡ
ۿ﻽Ѫͨף
һ̣˶ΪɣõӣôðԼ˶һ̡
Գƴȫʩչѵצ¶мֻһ̧֣һƵӿɢ׾پͽѵצɢѪͨ˻˳ȥ
֮Ĳ̫࣬ˣ
ߣө֮⣬ҲԣۿȻأ¶Ц
ۣһѪ³´ľʹóڹȥĥ־ȴʹ˹ҧأҪվ𣬿˫۸ոճ𣬳صٴ£ݺˤڵء
һһһһˤ¡
ޱȵ־ˣڵĴ󲿷ֵӣͬܣ˫۷죬ȴֻܸɿţΪ
ΪʲôΪʲôȻҪڣһõǰ̣ȴҪڣǰһһˤ꣬˾пɬ
ԭ֮ǰʯ֣δȫѵצȻˣϧ̫ϧˡҲŲӵˣп̾
ˣɿȥˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ڵҲ׷׿ڣǿĥԼôصˣôܻվ
䣡ٴأһΣ߹ȥ̧ŲϣأӸ¶ų䣬Сӣ㻹ǿ
ɱɱң񡭡һһᡭڣ
٣ؿھĴ棬ˣҧ˵һĻ
һڣ˳ĻſЦСӣһ֪ڡʲôζ˵һڣЦǿЦ
һתͺһĻҺܴ־Ǻܼô㲻ôɱ㣬ԣһֽѣǱ㡭ԣҾˣҲɱ㡣
Ļһɱˣ
ֻǣǲɱ׾ٵطŹ
Ǻమ𣿡̧ͷһԶļòŮˣ¶Цĺܺ棬־͡᾵ţûһΪֻΡ˵ⱲӶֻһ侳ߣһϲ㣬һ𣿡
㡭롭ʲô
Ļʶʲôɫ䣬һ˫ͫ
ʲôЦˣջزڳﱳϵĽţһ̧ţ巭˹һ̧̣֣£ӡ˳·λãóȥ


43 䲻
һ£һ˿͸а˾١ϺͯΪ侳ߣȴ
ݿ˳ڣ׻ٵˣ
һߵĸ
˵һ侳ߣȱݣһӶԲ侳
侳ߣ˻ٵһɢһΪԭΣһֹ侳ء
ڣٵ˳Ҳ˵һٲ侳
úݣɱ˳ﻹݶ
˾̾˿һ£ţǳױˡ
ûһܲ侳
պ侳۷ʵԺ侳߱⣬ƾ˫ͨʤ侳ء
ȻΪûһΪҲֹڴˣûκǰ;ԡ
٣ҵҪνηҺڣĿԴ
ЦɨһۻԵĳȫˣһ˫¶Ȼʹࡣ
ʲôӾȻѳˡ
һ仰˾κˡ
˿̣ڳ֮ףΪͻȻı⣬ɱ
ԭҪٵ
ٵ͵ͬڻٵ˳ǰ̣Ϊ磬ǱҪܵ¡
ǳѹԼ٣ηӦ
ţ֮󣬳˷ϲţǺεȴ
һעֹֻ侳أҺܺ棬㣬Ժ󻹻ѡһ𣿡
˼һۣЦһնϡ
̨һ׵ٻӰݶ䣬ǺʱȤԪʱҪ߰ŮˣǷѡһֹ侳صķ
ۿ´Ҫնһͻأӣ
ɫڿͣסһ˫ź⣬ڴϷ٣÷ͷƤ顣
ǿ侳Գܡ
٣ǺˣΪң
һǫӣڴϷ٣գȻϵ˳Ͼûð֮£ڻҪͷӵڶ˳ͷ뿪Σᵢ̫ʱ䡣
ۿͷת˾٣ΪڵӣЩΪŹأδ
˾̾ϣˣѵȳͷ
ɫһȻҷڴϵݣԸŵӵ棬ţҲõӿڵĳ⣬ҲϣĴڣΪκ
ԭۿϷµӣ˾ٴ˻÷ڹ˽
ˣεңѵŻҪѩϼ˪
һ仰ǻȻ
ǰպڣʲôʱ򣬵һʹ죬ɱô죿
ڣʲôȥֵӵŭ
ǿΪ磬ӺĺϻڣעԽĴڡ
һʱ䣬Ҳ׷˾Ը
ˣˡ
˾̾˿ǵĵǣγûе
գעֻˣٵĳûκֵάĵطˡ
վ̨ϣ˾ٵȻ죬ЩΪŴΪӷϵŵĹأӽ󣬳ﲻڵӣ
ΧڵӶĬˣȻҲ֪ǲţʱܸŴѡ
ţҺѡţ֮ݳԶţЦǿЦ
һߵĴЦƵɷϿݵһӰ̨
ߵԹȥĳߣ̧ͷ˾٣ȻڣҲҳһŰɣ
ң
Ӱ£¸պĺɶŮҲ˳ߣߵؿ˾١
ȥи߸ϡµǸ֮ӣֻΪ˻ԹȥǸꡣ

ԴϷΪףһųɫһ䣬ǳ⡣
˾ֹٰ֣ų϶Գ˷ѣˣ뿪ţ
ǣ˵ͷĿᶨ˱ţȥҲǺ塣
ãҾͳȫǣӽҲڵӡ
˾ٿڣȫ˳ˣ̧ͷɫϵĵӣɻ⣿
⣬ⲻ˾ڡ
ЦһԦ´񣬻һڹ⣬ʧڵɷϿǰ
ߺ˾Ҳ뿪˵ɷϿ֮ǰ˭û뵽ʯһս󣬻ᷢıʡ
ų̸˾֮뿪
һʱ䣬̨ϣֻʣ½ϡͯϡͳˣлԹȥĳ
Ͽ˳һۣ̾˿ն𣬸뿪
һǰʶ츳Ϊŵӣ˭ᷢıʡ
ţһ٣Ϊϲš
Ѿͷ٣һҲֹڶ侳۷壬֮䡭Լúÿǰɡ
ͯߣԼ飬̾˿ҲڽϺ뿪
һۻԹȥĳ
ǰĳ
Ȼһ̣֪أȻһ
ԺȫǵħĻһעֹֻ侳أҺܺ棬㣬Ժ󻹻ѡһ𣿡
ǺʱȤԪʱҪ߰ŮˣǷѡһֹ侳صķ
رһ˫ٴ
ԭЩήҵŮˣٴλʿˡ֮ĵŮӡ
ȥ߿׼һ±ڽ뿪ɷϿ
ˣ
ʱĺɿмżŭ⣬ǳŮˣ
ˣҶԲס
̾һ
ڳϵһףҲһˡ
Ҳ˵ҲܽĳǸ߰ҲԸһϣһֹ侳һ
Ϊ⣬պ侳߱⡣
Ϊƣһɾעֹڴˡ
Ҫ侳侳ţպɾͣϵĳܱȡ
Уһǿҵڶ˵
䲻
ۿһϮ裬˳±ڽ뿪ıӰ䲻Ҽ䲻㣬Ͳ̸䣬㲻䣡
Ӱһ˶٣漴ûɷϿϿ䣬ʧ
ţѡǶԵġ


44 ض
һѸޱȵĺڹ⣬Ƴգת۾ͳԪ߾
Ӵĺɫ֮ϣӡħġʹ׵Ů޳ϴ֮վǳŮˡ
һƽϲŭû
΢ЦգûԼɱǸ㲻ᷴڰɣ
ʱ˷ӦǽˣѡѡɱǻΪɱ޴ӷڡ
뵽꣬̾Ȼû뵽ɱľһˣСȴһǣòĸе壬ٵһɲǣ˼ֺ֮⣬Ϊ˴磬Լһһˣֵ
ߣ㵹ͦ˽ͺһг⡣
ͻȻɫǸӦʲôޱȣĴ˫ͣԭأɫһ䣬ۿȥԶһӰϸһһȫںµӰŮԷȫߡ
˭ܸоԷǿ󣬹ʵ
һ΢紵ûӦ˾ͳǰʮףϡԱϳһղŵٶȣʵ֮£ٲȻ೤֮ϡ
ǰкηԸ
ţ޷죬Ϊûѹסѹסĺϻڡ
ǰع죬Ī⣬ǰоԼͺһС֡궯ĵһʰԽǲɫԽǺ¡
Ҫˡһ˫ȼž֮ӣϡ
ǰ̡󾪣ʲôЦֻͨŮҲˣƫƫǰѵһġ֮ŮǺϻڵڹؼ߽׹ϻʥ䡱˫޷ţܵԺ֮Ů˫ޣһǧ
ռʱҪغϻڣ˭֪ӸңƣֻѰɲԸһ֮Ůʹ˻ȥϣ֮˫ޣٶȡ
㣬鰵Ͷһ̧֣嫵֣֮ӴϴСһ֮Ůɲܵġ
Я磬ת۾ʧǰʼգ׽˿ټÿµٶȣٶȵǿߣһΪ¶֮ˣҺûҳ֣֣ұɣ
£ֽٺĸоò׵ֵ֮Ů˶ߣȻģһ뵽λʵûƢλǿ˵ǡ֮Ů֮Ů֪롮֮Ůʲô𡭡
Ԧźɫ·һΣǰһˡ
ɽ֮⣬һӰ磬ٶ֮죬Զǧ
ϡ
ƽñеӰͣ˽Ųٿǰɫ΢㡭ô
ϣ֪ʯ㰮ͽɳˣֱţҲý˰ɣ˴ˣ͵˾һӣΣӣ˾١
Ѳڵӣ㻹άЩġ
ε£𣬵űϾϣοҪȡһΣ˾̾˿
˿ȻʣҲ޷Ļҷɽš
ѹʱԼ֮⣬ĺɺͺܿŮ
ʦܣˡĺɺͺܿϲ
ʦ㡣ЦЦʣģ
ˣڻض·ϡʱ⴫˳ɵ
ض򣿡һܵ·Ļʹĺɣʦ㣬ô£ǡΪʲôڻض·ϣ
ĺĬȻ֪ô˵Ͼʵ̫ˡ
ʦ㣡Ｑˡ
һҪͦס⣬ɵżֱ࣬һж˵˳ûɱ㣬ˣӽ㣬ٲ侳ˡ

һ𣬶·֮ڣʱǶֵģûɱȴ
һߵҪԣﵱȻ֪ɲǼ䣬޾ľִƶ˵ĸо̫ˣ֪ʱ˫ȭһ֮£ȭͷΧٲȻһ㵭Ⲣ֮ǿᵽĳ̶ֳȣ
ĺü٣Ż˫ͨҧʣַʲô£
£ǻصٸɡɲһӸ̫
û£˵ɡؿٶȼΪ£˻˱ıԵĺɡܿŮɫһ䣬ʦܣɵĻԺ㡣
ˣʲôĴ˿ƽЦ
˵еɡʱ⴫һ
ʦ֣ﷴӦ⣬ϣͷһЦʦܣӵһμ㿪ʼʹ̫ྪȣ㼸漣ĵߣȻѣͨ㡣
ûĻվڣﶼԼ
Ϊʲôܣˣ֮ǰ˭ûƾ֮ǰ£֮侳ߣûʯܻܣʲôģ㱾ûϣʵҲûκӰ죬Ժ·ţֻҪԼһֱȥܻ߳һԼ·֪ʱ򣬳Ҫǹ
ȻһĿһǰԼ弫޶ܴƣɾͶ侳֮·ʲôԼģԼûܻ侳ߣ
Լߵ·ͺѰ߲ͬΪηǵ
ʦ֣ллĿһඥ
Ȼ㶼ˣǰҲʲôĺʦã㽫һɣҪĿ⣬ڳߵĺϡ
ԣųʦܡ¸Ҳǰ϶
ۿָ˳ĺҲܸˣһ뵽Ҫ˵£Щģʦܳ
ʦ㣬׷ʲô£͸Ұɣģûµġ￴ĺɵĹǣ΢Ц
ʦܣǼˣʦ⣬ˡĺ˵
ԼţﲻΪ⣬Լϣ˿պûκǰ̿ԣټڶԣпޣټϵŷĺȴпԭϾǲǲĺϻڡ
ĺҲţɫ˲䣬Ϊʲôε£һ˵£ƾʲôҲţ


45 ֮
ԼҪŵġ
̾˿ȥһһ˵
һ𣬳磬Ҳˣĺɡܿͳ¸վҲǸжھΣλʦ㣬¸ʦ֣ǺοˣԺôｻ
¸պٺһЦǶˣһԺǾ͸ˡ
ĺɺͺܿҲ΢Цͷ
Ժиֳһ׵ٻӰ֪ģۼԼϺʲôӦ
ߣĺȻ֪еġ˭һɣŭȻʦܣԺͱٹǸŮˣ㱻ϵԣʼնûһۣһ뿪ͷûء
𣿡˿ɫƿ˫ȴ޾ʹࡣ
ֻиˣʧȥʱ򣬲֪ʹ
ڵĳ·Լ
̧ͷѪ˿鲼˫ĺɣʦ㣬û˵ʲô
ĺɵ˵ͷ
˵ʲôˣＱͺץסһݡ
ȻϣԽʧԽ
˵Ǹ˵Բס㡣
Բסң
ô򵥣
̣˴סˣ·ĻʹҲоˡ
һ̣һжôľһΡ
䲻㣬ţԺҵõġ䵱ĳԳ
磬û¡عҡҡͷ£˯ᣬ˯ᡣ
ĺŮųһ࣬յ˫ۣ̲סʶ䡣
ޣĲޡ
ﲻ϶Լ˵ֵޣɾ̲ס
˺ѷεĸоôܣôʹ࣡
һɲǣ·һжʧȥ壬ð޹⡣
ǰһǣΪŮȻȥ¥ɱûɣøȫ̱
ʱƣΪһŮˣֵֵ
һ̣ȫλǵʱĸܡ
ȫˣԭİʧȥһɲǣôۣĵۡ
֪ʱ·ˣ˯˹ȥ
º󣬶ڵˣ濴ѾȫָʹֻԼ֪
ʱ䣬Žһݸĸ飬ĵףõĽ
ʦ֣ĲǻȥϢ죿һͻ󣬾Ȼ˵ҪߣＸ˶ˡ
ҴУΪƽĿĴﵽҲùˡʦܣΣ㱻ţһǽ㵱ʦܿϣԺĳһ죬ܿȫµ㣬Ԫ۷壬۷㣡
Ŀڳϣ
ʦ֣һģҲһԶǳ𾴵ʦ֡ͷгš
ǡҲ
⣬ˣλʦʦãڣ
հѳһ͵ڴ͵תͷһתʧڳǰ
뿪ˣԺ棬Ҳ֪ʲôʱˣѩ֮̿飬ؼһҲ
߿ؼң
뿪һ࣬ɹƼߺһųＸ˽˶
׿ͳɻشк󣬷׷Χʶ
һЩ˵ԶĵطݳǣЩݳǶûȥ
Ǭ½Ϊ̫ңûмʵҳԶС
һ·ӦĶ񣬻ؼҶ̶̵ļ·һһʱſʱ˵úˡ
صңӦ˳ӵܵһ飬ɴĺ˵ͷȥãڳȥˡ
ڳͳֻȥһͻҲܺ棬˵˾Ǳţ̲סһž϶ǳСӴ˰ɣôûһǸСӣΪ˽ûˣҳ
հĺ˰úã߹ĳɣԺԼ׵ɫһ˭˭ˣҲǹ
ҲЩ͵󲮣ض£Ϊҡ
һΪ㣿
ͷȥϸ˵˳óɫҲһ䣬ԼֶӵȻǸǿ߷ϵˣȻҲ֪Ҳñû취Էڶģοǳҡ
ʼգû˵ԭ򣿡ʡ
ҡͷڣǿޱȣһ֮ѹڴĿ֮£ϵȥǬ½ġΪ𡱣ֻҪʵǿκ£Ҫκɣ˼ɡ
Ϊʲôأ
벻͸տʼɹǲΪĸףĸס꽫и뿪ңȥתһֲ̫ܣԷΪĶܳӦҲŶԣôֱҵȥ
£϶顣
Ժҵʲô취ָҲ֪ôο˵Ǭ½֮󣬻鵤ҩҲ˵
󲮣İɣҿˡȻ֪󲮵ĺ⣬Ц
ٵΣߵ·ͺѰߵ·ͬպǲҪ֪ڵ֮ǽ侳֮·ߵͷֻеǸʱ򣬲֪һ·ߡ
ǾͺãǾͺáοһЦܵСӣĳˡ
ˣһǰعһζ򡣡
ۻ䣬ɾʹ˽ף뿪ô꣬Ϊˣ
Сӣǵ˳һۣ漴ص˵ͷΪٿ㣬һľүǣͬúܺãСﱻڣ㻹һȣ
Ц˸˵Ĳôô󣬵ģģ
ǴΪ˲ãȻûϸ˵Ҹҿ϶Բ侳ˡ۾̾
侳˫һ
ﵹһ㶼ȣĴ硰硱оͨ츳ԱȲϴ磬ʮ꣬һΪ侳ϡ档
ֻǣʱѾ뿪ȥݳǲμŵʢᣬڼ䷢£Ҷһһˡ۵ĿЩŹ֡
ʲô£ɻ
ϼ֮¡۵
󲮣ô֪£Щ˼ˣϾǼһܻ۵壬壬ϼǰûжֿ
Ǽ£ֵݳǷ꣬᲻֪֪ºֻȥݳǣǹƥϼңϼҼɱϵϼҼϻʣµһ۰ȻϼҽϢʵ͸¶˷侳ǿߵǹƥϼң֮ʱյϢҾ֪ġ
ܴ̾ӣûһǼ򵥵ģܸɴµ


46 侳ʮأ
硭
ĿƮ죬У֮ˣĸ׺ӡ󣬸ӡǳΨи硰硱һֱߺǻֱԼʮһʱʮĸ᰽ڣֵܶŷֿ
˵һŭɱϼңΪԼͷиж겻簮Լ֮ģıֺ
ôϻҲɱˣʱ㡣Щ⡣
ɱϻҪϻң侳εΪ˵һϻϼ׾٣ûɱϻûϼңҪԼȥһЦ˼᲻ף
֮ԽɱˣΪھ¥˵ǷһΣ䣬˵ԼϼΪɽɱϣڸϣһпɽ
ôôӣ˼ˣⶼ۵˳һۣɸֵ
ίЦǺǺһЦС󣬴󲮶͸缺簮мӣԼӳȴúܣף󲮶Զܸߣպ󣬶ҪΪҼˡ
ص򣬻صңȫƽҪȥҪκˣûѹûǼңļҡ
¸աĺɺͺܿˣΪȻŷĿ뿪ڣм֪ͼˣ˵֮ؽӿȪ౨ԣҰº㽫ĺˣԼĸɶ˹
С䣬ȥԺţκ˽˵֮󣬳ѾС˵һСӦԺӡ
ôأǶйʲôҪʲôҪ£ҾȻȥ˲ˣͷҪǷ͵϶ҵȡһЦΣŻؼҼ죬ͱ׷ȥˡ
Ҫȥͻȥɣͷھˡһνӡ
ˣͷҪˣҾ˵ҽйġһҧѳﵱ˵ơ
¸ʦ֣ĺʦ㣬ܿʦ㣬һΪ뿪ڣô˵ζңǷģһһ￴¸պĺŮɫ˵
ʦܣ˵⻰Ǽˣʲô飬˵Щ𣿡¸Щá
¸˵öԣ֮䣬Ҫôסĺɺͺܿͷ
ôҽɲˣǵһ˾Ҫ뿪ŵİɣ
аҴȥҴ󲮣ȥҪȥôɵĻջ˼֣Ļظó¸˽Ҳ£¶ĵЦݡ
ɷ˷ۣͷ˵ǲɵӲȥ
ǱҪΪŵӵģΪŵӣܵظ¥Ĺ似ţǰڣҪĻظ¥Ĺ似ȥģ𣿡￴¸ˣʡ
¸˵ͷȷʵǸڵļ壬ұǿ˶٣֮԰ڣҲΪԺĹ似и䣬Ǽĳ侳ߣ似ҲΪͼ
似ӽ쿪ʼǹһͬڻͳһ似ġѵצʱ¸˶̲סĿһҲ˹͸¶ȡ
似ѵצȻǶ֪ʲôƷ似ֵǣ֪ѵצĿ¡
似û黹ظڷֺ󣬲鷳ɣһ仰ˮ£˳¸˵顣
似ҲǴظнģǽ͸ҵġ뵽λظظˣһ̾ڣ϶ʧɣţ˸似϶Ҳǿ츳
ϣ˶һϣȥֻΪظͨظϣϴ̨Ϸ£Ƕ֪˽ݣػ֮һλػߣơϡ
Ҫǣ侳ǿߣ
̲ס似ѵצʼܿ죬ݾˣı仯Ҳĺ˵ɻ˷׷׿ȥǵĿ⣬ڳɷһҳϵĶ̶һʱˡ
ѵצؼͽ似
˵Ȼӿ죬ѵצȻǵؼ似Ȼֻǵؼͽ似Ҳˡ
Ҫѵצǹг֮䣬ûʲôÿġ
΢ЦͷѵצǹʱʲôģҲңʲô̶ȣֻܿԼˡ
¸պĺŮǸų뿪ڣҲͬͬĽ飬Ҳû˵ʲôл֮ķϻ⣬Ǽһ
Լĵؼͽ似ѵצ˺󣬳ʱҲʼˡʦĽɫȻָ˵ͬʱԼҲû£侳ʮΪھͨİ£һʱ䣬ƿ
ҪģͻƵ侳ʮأ
侳ʮأǳ²Ķ侳ļޣǲǣ侳ʮأ֪Ժ·ߣҪǸʱ֪
ݳǣϼҡ
ϻڵλǿߣȻûɱô£
ϼҼеţüͷ
磬ôˣ̴нӹţ󣬹һЦ磬ǳȻûɱȴϻλϵˣڵֻһͨ侳ߣһڣһˣѾûв
¶ɫȻֻ֪ǽ黳ûɱɱҵĶƱҪڣɱӺ𣿡
̳Ĭˣǰ뿪ڣҪҵڴ롣
硣ȥ˫۵ϻ˵ˣǸСݳǰڵģ϶ǳݳΧĳСطǿݳΪģĴСһ츳̸ֹףҲǳЩ̵С壬ǿԴһѰҡ
ϻһȻ򣬡飬ȥ飬ߣҲҪҳҲֻҪɱҪڵǸС壬һССɱҶ죬ҪʬΣ
һ£ϼΪ֮𶯣ϼµӵܣʼݳΪģ˷ѰĺۼҪԡաչݳΧĴӡֻҪǷֳ֮ˣŲŹ
򣬳ҡ
֮ڣͨڿУֶ߲£棬µԪķ۶߲֮Уӿڣ侳ʮء
ԳΪģһ㵭֣ǳﲽ侳ʮغֵ֮һ̶ȣ͸
ڣԪĲӿ룬һҲʼŷ츲صı仯


47 ײг
Ԫ۶룬󣬲ѵ𣬳ΪʵʣʣµԪһӿڣɲǼ䣬һȫ¿ʼɱ䡣
͡Źֵӳڴ˿̣ÿһطڷֲɱ䣬Ѫ⡢ǵܶȲߣһδ˼ޣøǿ͡
Ӧֹͣɱ䣬˫һ˫ͫҹеǳͻˣ侳ʮأ侳ʮص֮侳ʮأǿ˺öࡣ
˫ȭһգȭͷΧʵʵ֡
߳ȥԺչһȭţѵצ嫶һ̶ƿÿһצץ·ܽռ˺ѣ㾢һߵľʯ֮ϣֲ͸ʯ㣬ѹʯʯһ𣬳׻һĩ
ۣ磬öˣֻûͷ֪˭СᣬѾͷôܹˡ
ʮ꣬óˮһ㣬̲ס죬Щ⣬磬ҽȥĺɽǶȥأͲˡ
ţЩȣ󲮰˶ȥѵʲô˲ɣ
磬ҳˣ׼ͷˣ᳤ߵġϸỬ֣ĳԴϵƣ
ãˣСĳˡջ֣г֮ɫ
󲮳ʱ﷢֣͵̲ס棬󲮣ǶʲôҪ𣿡
ҲۣȻ絽һۻûü˵Ҳ档
̾˿һΣǳҿ鷳ˡ
һ仰óＸɫһ䣬ףʲôˣ
ۿиֳ̾Ȼ;ɫ΢ʣ󲮣׳ʲôˣ
ۿһ磬յϢݳǡϼҡݳΪģɢķʽѴֻΪѰ㣬Ѱǳң£֮Ǿҵ
һĿЩŹ֣󲮣
۵ͷ
˼ͬʱ˿ϵĵǵȻ޴档
ǡǡ۷֣ＸĻûһ֣ѵǾͲģǿϼҰݳǵĴ壬˵ϼ侳ߡ
ףһССϼҶѣڵʵƾһ֮ȫңһνӣʵ
壬ûµĻǾȻȥˡ¸պĺŮ̸ɸǣ뿪ѵצУ԰Ρ
󲮣Ҳˣ£ͲòˣǾˡ˸Ƿ뿪æͻƵ侳ʮأû˯һþҲûȥúòˡ
ףҲҲ뿪
ߣҴȣ
һ仰ŵóһ£ĲҲ˻ЦϱʲôⱲô̯ôװӣʲôʱǸͷУúúʲôʱʵвˣ۾ͷˣ
˵Ϊʲô˵Сƾһ֮ϼңڸղų˵ĻۺƣСֶǱҲ侳أôܶԸϼҡ
ףʱ侳صŵӶɱˣݳϼңҲֻ侳ߣȫҼҲ֣ԣͷİɣĽˡ
ǰСɱ侳ߣ֪ǣСǱ𣿡
ףɱ侳ʱֲ侳ߣϲϣʵûӰ죬ֻǿܻ谭ԺѡףûµĻҾˡۿ۴ԭأɸϽѾӿ
侳ɱ侳ߣСӡ
Īһ̣оԼ׿͸ԼСֶˣĳˣԶһˡ
ϼңҶûȥǣǾͼˣ
ȥ˯֮ǰкһţҲʱȥϼծˣһǰǱˣӦջˣ侳ʮأӦ侳أǿ侳صʵ˵ϼңݹݳǣҲδĶ֡
ݳǳ̩ҲֻѰ侳ߣʵδбɱʯǿ侳ʮʱɱʯ侳ʮأݳǿԺˡ
һΣҲһ˴󲮵Ը
һͷ˯˹ȥ
⣬ŸͷԶХת۾ͽΪһˣһͷӣɷ·һϾ񣬡㣬
󡭡ˣʲôԸ𣿡ɫףȴҲȥ
Сǲһңͷʡ
ǣǡ
ġͷտڣͱһϣˣڴˣ
ͷɫһۿȥԶһӴ̤֮·ߵ׷עĿȫ𾴺ͳݣˣǶػ񡰳ҡĵۣ
ǺˣͷĿһ䣬ʡ
ۣҪҵĳҵļ̤ڣɷڡ
Ҽߣã㣬ǳңǲһгʮꣿͷĿһʡ
ҵֶ
۵Ļͷݺݵ˿ĭＤû뵽ԼǵһҵˣԿ϶һλȥ϶һкˣתͷ׼뿪
ȻֻһС壬ǾˣɲΪʵʰңȻȥͨüǿ߳֡
ˣͱˡһ˿粽һ磬ת˹ͷ˵ǰ棬£˸ƶۣ졣
󵨣ͷһתۣһ֪ʲôˣ㣬ϼҵˣϼң֪ݳУһĴ壬ϼңȷڻҪǣ
ϼң
·ߵĶɫ׷һ䣬˾Ȼݳϼҵˣǿ֪Էϼ˺󣬶ǸöԷȥȻʵɸݳǵϼұȣͲ̫ˡ
ţͷԭΪԼϼҵͷҼ϶ŵƨܿͷ֣Ҽʼգɫûκα仯ǡǺ֪һ㣬ȻԤС
ϼң۵ͺһɱģϼҵˣ
һ䣬ۺͳλϾͶˣǰлͷˣͷˣֻϼҵǰڶѣʵǿĹͷҲ侳أۺͳλϣҲ侳أɱȥ绢Ⱥͷĸ£ת۾ͱλɱ
ͷҪֿȻ侳صĳֻۣһ棬ͱɱˣ
֮ǰͷֻһͷģңֻһС壿ôôݣǻײС


48 ü
ڳĶۿͷ˵ʬأľ
ǿʲôҼųҳϣݳϼҵȫɱˣ
Ҳ̫ײ˰ɣ
ˬ
һλϴһʮͯϼһⱲӣûôˬϼˣɱϼˣݳϼҵˣ
λȻû˵ʲôԿ̺ļ
С⻹һôü
ǰݳЩˣǶõڣݳǴϼҵΣɱ
ڵĳңɲǰĳˡ
ｻǴˣλϻȥϢɡ
ۿ׼ʰϼ˵ʬ壬ղűͷǸȿڵ
ͬʱߵͷʬԱߣŹͷԴݺţղŲǺţղŲǺڻˣСүզģ
ԣͽǰɡģ£ǾԲй¶ȥ
ľ񣬶úܡ
أǰֵʱǳҸÿÿʳǶøж
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ˬһЦųλϻȥ
˭Ҵȥĵˣ򽫲ٻӭ
ͷʬͬʱ׷໥档
ǿҪ´ȥҿ»֮֡
ϼңݳǵĴ壬̫ǿˣǳܿģ
֮󣬶УӰ
ľ̲סȥ⼸˭
Ϊ֮ˣǳүһˣǳҶүɡ
ˣǼǰλүѡ
ȴ￪ʼɨ
뿪ңһֽѵĸоڰѵͷˡ
ϱ߿ʼɡ˫亮һ΢Ц
Ļ˶ԾԾԡ
ڳʱ䣬ʵǶﻵˡ
¸պĺɣǰʱ䣬̲侳رǳ¸գֻΪ侳һأѵצҲ˵ڶء
ؼͽ似ѵצѵؾؾ
¸յѵצڶأɵӶؾؽӵһĶؾõԼеϣ
ﶼò̾¸յԡ
ߵУԳ¸յ츳ߡ
ݳǣϼҡ
ʱ䣬ϼңأһϢӭϼҼһ
ǰһȾѪϼӵû˵ڣһ᲻˼ǰ
֪ϼӵһȥϼˣһû
Щˣɳȥͳټˡ
ţһȾѪϼӵܹǼֻʣ°
ЩھˣЩ˸տھˡ
̶̰ʱ䣬ϼɳȥϰһ
ž
ߵĲ輸һ£Ӧѡ
ȻڼȷϼϰӵܵȷʵڵļѲ˸ϵû뵽Ǹô󵨣ɱϼӵܣ
£ôϼӵܣϼԪˣû˵ǣϼҪȫָҲҪܳһʱ䡣
ܲ˵ǣɱϼô˵ģֻһС壡
ڰǸҲǣǷŻˣûһܸṩõǰϴλͬȥڻûϢƵڶûҵڵǸ塣
һϼҳ䣬żΡ
󱲣ڵĳ֮ˣ󱲣
ϻȻ˫۱ϣʱҲ̲ס
ڣֻܵˣϣҵǣȫɱغϢ̾
ϼҹȻԴҪȵʲôϣɣ
ʱϼҴһ궯һշ˴֮У滹մȾѪ
һס˰
һֻһͷ
ͷʱһһѪף
󲮣
ϻ̶ˣɫ׷״䡣
ϣ
еϼҳϣˡ
ϼսһĴڣһĴϣȻɱˣ
ͷͻˣǺεȵƣ
ת˲֮䣬֮һƬţһߴӰ̤
Էʱϻ˷׷ɫ䣬ѹ֣ѹǸղž;ã洫ЩϤ

˫ĿѪͳҸףɱģ
Ƶᡣ
Ļ΢Щȣԭϼһ㸸ףѹʵƴȫ߹СӦϼҵһ侳߰ɣû´ӦͻƣΪûȫȹ̣͸ҳҡУ
Ǳˣôɱ󲮣ôܣ
ϻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˼ؿǰˡ
ף㾹Ȼ֪ˣϱдŸǵİɣ
￴ϻһº󣬱ʮգҲ˵ϻɱ֣ڣˡ
ǰֻһѰ侳ߣ侳صϻûκη֮
ʦֳ֣ɣ
ǸʱͰ¾ģպؽϻɱ
ɱҸףҪ
Գ֡
Ȼոһ˶ԭء
һ̣ȻأĺϣѪʶȴû͸Ȼǳʧ֣ǳΪ֮
磡

̡ϻϼҵļɫ䣬Ȼؿ
侳ߣûͱ˵Ƶ
ʵ˺εȾ磿
ֻǣһۿȥΪ侳أ
һǰݳڣ˵պϼţô
Ӹ£Ƶȴû͸Ļ˻ƣҡһڡڡ
Ҳ֪˵ڡʲôû˵꣬һûϢ
ۿĿɨϻ˷׷׵
һϼҳϸǻŵӡ
ֻǣû߳沱ϾͶһѪأ
㵽ôʲôҪҶܴϼ㡣
ˣǰʲôǸơ
ãҪĶҪ𣿡
̲סЦˡ
һǰԳʵԼܸĶʲôòģ
һ֣ɵͨӰ٣ֱҪ̵
Ŀ⣬ϻϣһЦϻǰ֮ͥ£ɱңɻǵã
ϻȻԼ綼ˣԳ¹ɱֵܻ˫һɣҺޣֻ޵ûܽɱһжᷢϼһܼٵشȥ
ϼүðϼү츳ͨȫֻ֣Ϊɱһ侳ߣֶΡ
һЦһתֻǣ㵱Ϊɱңһжᷢϼңܼڣ


49 ݳ
⻰ʲô˼
ϻ֪Լηˣڳⷬǲ⡣
գɱˣһȻᷢ˼ɱ˳ϼһӭѡ
ʲô˼
Ŀ⣬ϻ˫ϣ˫ۣһʦն£һ㲻˭նµİɣ
һ仰ϻǶβʹĻ䡣
λ侳ǿߣֻϼң֮նɱֶϣȥһۣȥ
ʱͺƣϼҴСȥǿߣ˿֮ǰҲ²Ǹ侳ǿߵݡ
λ侳ǿߡġ
ųϻʶʲôϸֲˣλʮͷ侳ǿߣòǰĳ塢ƣ˼ۣ˼ֲɣ
ˡﵭһЦҸ磬磡
ĻشϻϣɫǺ죬˫͸¶뵽ģ뵽ġϼңҵУϼңǻҵУ
ϻУӿ޾
ǵԳ֣Ҳᷢ£ϼҲᷢչݵĵز
һУΪ

˻һϻŵض𣬺Ȼһײ˴һʯѪȾʯ
ϻ̱ڵأûϢ
㵹Ǹɴࡣ
ۿϻѡɱüͷ壬Ŀʣµļϼҳϡ
ڼϼҳϾֵĿУøǷϻֱȡǵ
ϼǿĴϺͼ˳УЩϣڳǰûκη֮
ˡ
߳ϼҴԡ£˫жһ
ʱһӡ
ܿ죬ͿԴ󲮳Ϊ׵ĳ˳֡
ǰ̤ռʱöȥ֪ͨ󲮳ۡ
һθϼңϼµĲҵͲƸȱڳ￴ЩݳǵϷ֣ǣó¡
ڵóݳǣΪݳǵĴˡ
СϼҼ
ȾѪȻЩϼ˵Ѫ
󲮣ֵܣϼʣµļϣɱˣʬںУȥʰһ¡
΢΢һЦ
ʱ֪󲮳һԸǴ뿪ݳǡ
һΣ󲮵ԸʵˣҲΪ󲮸еˡ
úӣúӡ
۹Цᡣ
Ը֮ˣڳҼ֮УȻԵһҳ
СģǳҵӢۡ
λϣ׷׶Գ˴ĴָţҲϳۣʰȥˡ
պطǳڳҵˡ
ңϼңΪݳǵĴ壡
Ϊҳϣ֮ۿһĻ޺ˡ
ӵҲ׷׸ȥǿĿУ̺ż;η
ȥǾ֪պǰ;ȴû뵽꣬ʹɱݳϼңϼҡ
ϼҵһУϼȡ֮
һգϼ£עѪɺӣΪ磬նݳ
ϼô£ȻҲݳǡ
ݳ˶û뵽ϼңݳڣԺյļ壬ڳǿ塣
һ֮䣬
˶棬״Ӻδôǿ󣬽һʱ䣬͸ϼҡ
Ҫ֪ϼҿǿģһˣϼҴϣϼһǰͻƵ侳أΪݳУ̩֮ĵڶλ侳ߣ
һˣϼҼҲ侳ߡ
ܿ죬һϢʹԭϼҸۡҲ⿪ݳ֮е
ϼҵΪҡ˴һ³ҵʯ
ԭңڽ֮ǰֻСһС塣
˶⣬һС߳С壬Ϊ죿
֮ԭϼҸۡڵĳҸۡһϢȻͬʱĪ
ҳղնϼţ
һ仰Ȼȥ˽꣬⹴ݳ˵Ļ䡣
Ǹ־͡۲ӵ꣬ڳΪŵӣǰ֮ǰ¹һԡ
ʱ˶Ϊֻһʱĺݻ档
գȴҲûô롣
ǸΪ꣬൱ʱ䣬ٴݳǡ
ֻˣԼļ壬ɱϼңɱϼҵλǿߣԼļ塰ҡϼȡ֮
ԣʱ䣬ʵˣݳ˶Ϊ֮𺳡
˫
Ǭ½ǿΪһ帲һ壬ȡ֮ʲôϡ¡
һСļ壬һٽݳһָĴ塰ϼҡ𣬾ϡˡ
˶ʶôǿƣΪǰǸꡰ
ϼҵԹ˻
˼һˣǿƹ
һֲʵɱϼûκεֿ֮
ܿ죬Ҹ֮ۡУٴδһϢ
ңһº󣬽ݳͷļ塢һ硣
һºݳǷͷʢšʮգҽΪС񡱡
Ǭ½ʮ꣬ꡣ
λүһºʮꣿ
죬ֱ̫ˣʮ꣬ɱ侳ߣʮʱ̤֮Ϊ侳ǿߣ
ˣȻ֮ǰֻСһС壬һһ˵õȮ죬ңעӭʢԻͣʱݳڵֽдǳҵҡ
Ȼ˵ʱ䣬˶׼һºүϵˣҪλү
ү츳պ߳ݳǣȻԪʱݳǣҲΪүķ붼

ݳֵĻ⣬ݳ½塰ҡү
ݳ£ʮˣСޣûһ˲֪λү
ԭϼҸۡһɣȻһ£Ϊ˳ݳǵĸۡ
Ҹ֮ۡУԼ֮£ɡĺɺͺܿվһ
ĺɿЦʦܣҺʦţ߾ûϹֺ¼ڿݳŵˣơ
Ц׻˵úã³׳
Ҳû뵽Լָһϼңôĺ䶯ۣƿ⣬ʣ󲮣ԭϼҵĲҵ˳𣿡
⼸⣬ûϹһЦ˳ô᲻˳ݳǵΪֻûκθţæЩ΢ЩɵӣһЩųǮҪɡ
ôãһ
ɲǡ
ɽӻ֪ЩųǮǳӣΪʲô𣿡
Ϊʲô
һ֣ڳ֮˿ԼĿ⣬ΪŹ֡
ԽԽˡ


50 Ϻ
ɹһЦΪһºʮʱġ񡯡
ﻹǲΣ
̲ܿסЦʦܣôЩ֮Ϊϣĳϣһ£֪Щ嶼δС㣬ʱϣǾһɳˣ
ɱ侳ߣʵݳϵδƻŮһЩ壬ʱæµԸַʽʹϵϣڳĳϣһ£ޣֻһ̡
Ǭ½ʵΪԳ츳ʵպעԪĴڸһ£׬û
ݸ˹
ݳǵЩ壬עҪʧˣȻﲻΪǼ£ӰǾַʽԼµģǰڵĵ򣬳ֹĵԸı䡣
ԼϲģԼĶģǻȥ׷ûоģǿһкã
رڵ磬Ϊ𣬱ŮˣҲϣҵһǿΪҪҵͬʹġ顱ѡ֮ǰͼһ𣬼ǿ츳δǱϣҲûǰ;ԣϵһθ飬ͷʶⲢԼҪİ顣
Ľѵ֪ҪҵŮˣҪĶܺͬʿࡢѵģһѵúõظһΡ
޹ʹ£ʦͨȻȻͶˡ
ߣۡɺͺܿȡЦһߣĺһżֿɬ
뿪˿գǴ󲮳ۣҲһ£ճ۵ԭд󵱻飬︸ĸߣǳΨһĳҪΪ㣬ŵóｫͷת׼ɣϽ
Сﲻ˵һˣһλ˶ʮˣһγСҲ˳ɫһ¡Ҵ֮Уۿɣһ˵Ҿͳı顣
ɶ켱ˣҲ̫޳ˣȻìͷתϣЩˣղԼΪʲôҪֻȻҲı
ԭϼ䳡ڵĳ䳡УݺᣬһӰǰƶȻһնһ˸ߵľʯжһ㣬ʯϣۿһ̣һ£һ棬֮صһص£ʯնϣ
ۿصþһ£㵶һȻת˲֮䣬һĵʧأһʯֻķһЩʯмδԾʯ˿ƻ
ؾһ̫ѿˡյ¸̾˿
¸ʦ֣ĺܺˣѵצأ㾢ѵצزͬնȫͬĸʲôʱؿƵһ㾢ѵצϣһƽѵצأѵצ֮ǰһڳ¸ѵצϵ츳Ҳ𾪣¸Щʧ䣬ﰲο
ͬʱѵצɡĺɺͺܿˣֻ޳˵һأ¸գصżˡ
ȻҲ֪¸յڷкܴϵ¸գҪ̿ö࣬˯Էƽʱѵצؽѵצ˵֮С
¸ʦ֣ѵצȻ˵أҲԹҵĵУô֣ȫʹϾת⣬˵Լϵ
ɣ¸վȣܼ򵥵İֻҪָеһҺĺɶԱǸߣô
ĺʦۣЩȡ
ɡܿĺˣ﷢֣ĺȷʵܽѵһؾĶ̵Уóɺͺܿȴ䣬ʶԼԵ⣬Ǿǡ
¸պĺɶ侳ߣѵצľţбС
ɡֻܿ侳ߣһ޷ţȻܵƣףԼ侳֮·ǰܽѵצķڷɵͨϡ
ǳҰģܽѵצķڷɵͨϣķɵͨӿ£һҿ϶ǵͽ侳ߣҲδܵķɵͨ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬳Ҳټᣬص˹ȥУоѵצأãԽ俰ơѵצأؾһչֳ˵ڳϼҴϣǳ÷ɵͨɱǱѵצݿ˺˫ۣ͸ɱ
ѵצˣѵצظǺεȿ£
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ʱ֣Ҹۡŵƽʣ֮⣬ųһʢװݳǸ۶ǰԺϰ׳ĺ̺ʮѾߣʡƷǰĿ֮䣬ַǷ
죬ǳݳٰĵһᣬ˵Ϊգг񣬵˶ľٰ죬ζųʽΪݳеһԱһǣݳǷͷʢġ
Ϊ˳һ磬ҸۡȻۡڵ԰ղüʯשɨһȾǰԺĹҲˮҫ£ԣһȥǺÿ
ҼЯǧ𵽣ͽ似һףƼ߽似ס
䵱˾ǵĳӵһߺȣǰԺ
ң
ȥݳУ֮£ϼҺΪʢϼҡභ꣬һֱֲʤɾĸǰϼҴһΪͻƵ侳أٲȻѹһͷۿ΢ճһϼң˵ҵľˡ
ˣͳ˴񣬻Ϊ֮𾪡
Ƽ߽似Ҳˣû뵽Ҿýͽ似óң˵Ҳֻͽ似׹似һ似
ոǰԺĳ˾ǵĻһͽ似Ǳǳȡ֮ϼңҲֻףңãֱͳһףǻ顣
λǳүɣҼһЩˣߣһʮŮı۰Щ˫պǿɰ
á΢Ц˵ͷûǴλҼǽС
үϼһվһ𣬿϶ûʲô˵СŮݶǰүݳչ˫ɣѣһγүǿƹԳүСݶү˵˵ƣȥҳһЦߵŮ£漴߿
ﲻǱˣ￴˼ԿЦ
ݳǵۼճͰŮ͹ȥƻݳϺꡣ


51 ɽ
ǸҸϹ˵ҡʵûС
ݶ۵˫¶ҪǵжֱӾȥˡ
ס΢ЦһƽͣСͦɰġ
ݶһģóóᣬͲɬݶչֳ׵ɫٹ꣬ǷֵȻȲϼҲ˶١
ôͣݶ˿գˮĴ۾ʣ磬ɱ侳ߣ
ͷš
磬ôģүүͶүүֻ侳ߣֻҴ꣬ͱǻҪݶҲſˣָ˻õıԣһĽ
ݶ̸ЦݳУǲͬζǵһҲеŮ죬ڣǸоûˣүǧмӣǧ귽ʮΪݳǵһˡǴŮ죬ǧǰСѼ
ҿүСŮĵͶԵƵգΣۣ΢Ц
ߵûʲô⣬Ϳֶ˼ͷû֪ͨ£ȻҲ⣬سԸ
ӦõġһЦгţŮݳǵһ˵ɫټϳڶŮ̬ȣʮþˡ
˵н似һס
˾ǵӴſڴ˶һ
н似
˸磬˺񣬲ǳȻóн似ֻǣǳҲֻһн׹һн似ɣԸ⽫óˣ
˶Ϊ֮⣬ʲôʱ򣬳ͳĽ飿
н似Ŀ΢һȥйһ֮Եĳ̩粽ţۡк󣬾
ˡݶ̩һ񣬸˵һͻȥˡ
үֶŮݳǵһ˰Ӣˣɱˡ̩һЦ
˵ЦˣһçʲôӢۡҡͷһЦ
ǰүֻһ侳ߣ󣬶ʵɱ侳ˣĳ𾪡̩һ̾˭뵽֮꣬˳ɾͣҲɵѡ
Ҷѡ
үǫ飬ǰʱ䣬ҴСŮУ֪뿪ڣԭڸ̾Ӣţ˭֪ûգүųǿƽݳǣϼȡ֮үǼӰ졣
ܵõ˹ģ֣̿һҳݳǣϼңȡ֮δ˵ǱǸƵᣬ˵
ﾺ񣬱淨򣬳үˡգĳһн似ףүˣ£ұ뿪ˡ̩ҡͷһЦһ뿪˳ҡ
ôģн似ܾãִ̩󷽵ıƺʲô
Ϧ£뿪ֻʣҼŮˣϳɫأү֪ǳҲһн׹һн似ǵҴݳǵһΪУ׹似˶ȻͣҲ˵һн似ǳá
Ļó̲סȣȻлҴен׹似ѹ֣ѹݳǳݳΪǿƵ
ô΢Цʣоĺ⡣
һн似˵ǴҲУ˵ɽ޲ɡ
Ըꡣ
н似ڳȻ죬ԪÿһǵĳԪһΪұӻȻн似˳УֲͬˣϢȥûаѻ˵꣬ݼ͸¶أ֪ﶮˣûҪ˵
л㣬ġعл
үɣҺСŮȸˡ
Ů뿪֮󣬳ҴԳۺͳλ֮£ɡ¸աĺɺͺܿΧһ˵Ŀ⣬ڳеһ似棬似ǽճ̩ҵн似ƣ
ƣɽţϣˣ飬ޱȡ
СѴҽΪ似ʡ
šͷ
ô似ʲô𣿡һλĿȣųен似·ھȥ
ϡ̾˿ãǳҵõн似ϢȥΣн似һЩ侳ҲδһףǵõϢô
ԣȻɫ䣬ǳ۵ˣĹǣҲǷ׷ɫ䡣
Ǭ½ϵĹ似ǲġģÿһ似˱Ѫи򣬶ǵ꣬赽似ϣȻͿѻġҲֻΣ꣬ǿֻ
˵Ǭ½ÿһϵ似ǹ±Ԫͽ׹似ȽϹ㷺ֻҪЩ̵ѴǮƣͨһЩ;õн׹似ȴӹ׵Ľܻȡһн׹似һĳ
ݳǣ֮λϮУһԪԲ⣬һн׹һн似ǳĳڣ꣬ӵС߽׹似侳ǿŵӱ鲼Ԫķǳ
̩һн似Ǵɽ
ô죬ѵ似ȥü
ȥҡҡͷҲ˵ȥǲ˳ĺ⣬ǻȥϢȥ˭ţֻΪǺͳڹŪ飬似Ȼǳ֮С
ҲУҲУô죿ɼˡ
ڣֻһ취ǳҶȹһεΣ̾˿ۣ󲮣һĻǾҪʧȥн似ˡ
һ˵õ似ȻϢкξ壬ȻݳǣУǺͳҰһģȻ£ȴòΪҿǣһ̣ͻȻ׹Ը׺ʹʵ˵óݳ㣬׾٣ȴû뵽һǡ
һ̣ãԼ̫ˣȻѳҴˣͱΪԼΪóҺúõݳдȥȻڡ
Ϊ˼İΣʧȥֺη˵Ҳͽ׹似˶١۰֣ȻҲۣȴףѡ񣬳ұѡ
λϣȻᣬȴҲ֪òҲͬ


52 ˺
С׼ôʳ
һڣ֮ڣ˶˳Ƕ֪ﵽʲô취óҶȹһǱڵΣ
󲮣ǳҽӹܵԭϼҵĲҵУǲһУʡ
ǡ۵ͷţӦ˹ĿС׼׼н似ơó
ͷ
԰ǿ԰似óôû뵽ɻȻȷʵһֿеİ취ֵֻܽ似ȡҲ˳ҵǰٵΣ
ߣҪ뵽֮λڴ㶼Сһӵڣһ
ɸϽ죬ȥѪܵĽѵҪǸҽӻ϶ûкùӳԡ
󲮣ڱϢȥһºǳУн似ơԽġ˵һƣɼһ뿪˴
ۿЩȥһ̾ԭΪ⺢ӣҲѧ츳ǿЩû뵽ıҲ˳ڣպܳΪǳҵļܴųԶϧϧ
ۺͳҡͷЦǶ֪ңסһգ뿪ң嫹Ԫ̨
ݳľ񣬻۽ճ£ҪΧųҵн似ּ似ΪѵãýǮԺģ˶̲סп̫سˣͳô似
ҹ
ԺͤУ̩Сƣ̳Сòڡ
ˡ
⣬һõ̩ɺ߽ͤһʿϹЦݣˣݳ£˶֪ҵһн似ãϢͻᴫȥЩǿĶС
̩ͷܺãܺáģ£ı֮ҶҪ͡
ˡ׼лʱһӺ⴫̩ĻĹĶ
䣬к£̩ãкһ˹
ˣˣ䣬һһ׾Ÿߵ׳Ҳ̩µͽĴһΪ侳أǳУ̩֮ǿļ֮һֻǣʱ䣬Щʧ̬
䣬ʲô£˻š̩üΪá
ˣҸոմһϢҪ͸ǵн似ƣһºǳоģýġЦһн似ĿΪΣΪĸȻ֪ڿȫ˷۱
ʲô
̩ԣɫ䣬Ŀ⣬һԵϣģ㲻˵˼һʧ𣿡
ˣֻһʿһΪ侳ضûУƾСڳһϯ֮أֵ̩侳߽ߵƣŵֱſڵϣҲû뵽û뵽Ҿһӣҵļư
û뵽û뵽Ķˣ벻ŭ֮£̧̩£һĵԴϣС
ȥһ˾һҲȥɡʬȥ̩ٵ̣Ը
ȥ֮ͤУֻʣ̩һˣ̩ɫôҲû뵽ᷢչزͳһн似ơѴ۵õģһνͳȥΪܻȡҵ˭֪Һ񿴳Ĵ㣬Ȼ侲׳ʿϱۣһ似
һңһ̩˫׹˸ݳǣκˡκĳ֮ϣĴڣҵĴڣ̫ѹ
ݳУע˳ҹߡ
ݳǵľ񣬸յõһϢݳǵĳˣ˳һн似ţһϢӳҸۡһº󣬳ҪһԽĳǵн似
һʱ䣬󲿷ֵ˶óǲëǿн似ýǮн似ǾȻҪóǮжȱǮ
ȻҲһСˣó̫ˣУͰҼϢ󣬹һЦߵıŮûӦ֮ǰȡЦСݶδˣ˲ð˲á
ݶ۵˫ϣһĨ糺죬ףֻѳ統ģ㲻Ҫ˵
ΪϲЦ磿ӴӴлɡ硯ģ԰ɣ
ף㻵ˣҲ˵ˡݶߵתܡ
ѾͷءЦ
ҴҪһºн似Ϣһҹ֮䣬ݳǣһЩϢ˳ȥ²ҪãݳǸļУõϢ
һʱ䣬һЩյϢʱϹˡ
һΣΪүٰ磬ֹգһ磬ҸۡӭһλĻ˵ǳ̩ﵽһۣϢʱ̲סһ̩Լʲô
ѵǡ
̩ѾľĺСͤٴμ̩΢΢һЦˣôˣ֪Һ£
̩˿кү
ҡͷˣʲô£ֱ˵ǣһҪŻȥЩУͬΪߣӦ֪ʱǲܷĵġ
û뵽ү˿̿࣬ѹᣬһ˵ΪȻүôֱˬҲͲĨˣϣүȡһºᣬơתøңԸʮƽ𣡡
̩һڣ㿪żɽóǰͳȥн似ȭ
ʮƽҲһˣ𣿡ʡ
ԡ̩ͷ
ˣûǴһͽ似ļλƺ֮ɣ
ﰵЦ̩ȻΪڣȷϣ̩ƸǳңԲ⣬ۿ˷۱뽫Ҫȥֻǣ䣬ôõ
̩ɫһүѵˣ似͸ǳҵġ
ЦˣˣҲ˵ǡ͡Ȼ͡ˣȻǵˡ
㿪۰ɡ
һǧƽ𣡡
ˣң̩ɫ䣬ʲôЦһǧƽ𣬱˵ݳǣĲƸҲδһǧƽ𣬳ڸҪۣûκγ⡣
ŷ֣Цһֱ˺
̩ͺһ뱩֣Ȼ˲䣬ֻоһһŷ֣֪ʱԼĺһƤɫ䣬û뵽ʵµ̶ֳȡ
׳գһɨ̩뿪ʼգ̩κζ䣬һԤУڶ֣һ
̫ˡ


53 ƽ
ˡ
ݳǳ̩оȫʱߵĳͻȻͣסŲתĿޱȣӽ쿪ʼ֪ҺͳʲôлұӻҲɱ㣡
ңңɱ㣬ɱˣȻ׷ɱҲη壬Ըġ
һһ䣬׶̣̩֮ɫɷף̩ôҲû뵽ᣬ˷ֻʮꣿһʮˣ˵ĺݻ׾ʲô
ȴ֪ڳǰһ仰ӲģӲºģ²Ҫġڣ䵱ľǡҪĽɫ̩䵱ĶǡᡱĽɫ
ò˵˵ݻ̩Ĳǳˣ룬ûаٷְٰսɱ֮ǰٶԳҺͳκ뷨ˡ
һ֮侳ߣǰ㣬ԸԼӵеһУġ
ҡڵ뿪˳һ·衣
̩ݳǳǰ֮ǰ̩߸ϣֻǵݳǲμŵѡεСӣڣСӣѾ̩־ʵҲ˵պݳǣΪ޼ɣ
ȻﲻΪȥ¡䵱ӵܣĴ̬ȣ˲ңҲˡ
ʮݳУ½½ףݳǵľ֪Щ˿϶Ϊ˳Ҽٰһξٰᣬֻһн似ƣ
н似ݳǸУһЩϰǿӵУһ˵ݳУн似ýģ֪Ϣ˶ԭн似Ҳ׷׸֣Ͼû˻Լҵн似ࡣ
ݳ֮ˣݳǼΪмΪ˵ݳǣȻһ侳߶ûУ׷֮Աǣ룬ǲǿԲῪʼֱȥн似֡
ܿ죬Щ˾ʹͷΪľٰ췽ݳǳҷųһϢĸˣͼҪн似һڵһʱ佫似ٵһɢϢһ˶ʱûƢˣ˭Ըȥͷ˭ǵóһٵ似ȻΪʸֺ֮á
ǰһ죬ݳпջΪֲѡ
գﱻɴнѺ󣬲ٰӣչһֽţһ᳡ȥ᳡ǰϼҽģޱȣȻ࣬ǿ
᳡̨ԳҼ֮£λϣɡ¸պĺŮڣɿһɣȷҪȥⳡ᣿𣿡
ɵĻ˵Ĺǳϳѧ츳죬ᣬСӹҼң֣кܴ󽲾ġ
һᣬС֡ҡͷһЦǰ̨ȥ
᳡ݳΧиˣǵһ󣬶ȵЩͷˣͻȻһ˴Ӻ̨߳Ŀһξٰݳǳңɣ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ȻҲһˣݳǴһЩڳҵ£µ˵ݣһǰչʮգǰɱ侳ߡ
ʮ꣬ɱ侳ߣ֪Ϣޱ𾪣츳ǷԪҲǷëǵĴڡ
ⲻ۵ССݳǣ
ǰ̨̨ǰԸ֮ˣһƽڵӭλԶݳǳҡոһᣬأλȶյϢһᣬֻһǾн似ƣн似ֻһףʱ̣ͿλͨˣλӦöϣΰǰɣ
ȻһһƱҪơĵ֣
ƣҵ˼ҵģҵ˼ң㾡֮ҲҪĵһ似
ߣһԲѣ似϶ҵģ̣ƴƸû

ò˵̶̵һ仰ȫգ᳡̨ĳ۵ˣҲȻû뵽ﻹ츳ͻȻãԼԳ˽⣬ޡ
λ밲Ϊҽһн似ơƣɽţ˵ϣ飬ܽƵķ봸ǹرϣ󡣡
˵أ˵ô࣬ҲȲˣڣʼн似ơģףͯۡ
һͽ似ֵ֮䣬ҲǶʮƽʮƽ֮䣬գǳһƣĵ׼Ϊ
˵ʱ򣬳˸ӣ᳡صĺ˷
ƣĵ׼Ϊһͭ塣
һڣ᳡һƬžһͭ壿һܻȡһٸͭˣн似һͭģ
Ǹʲôôһͭأн似Ҳ̫ˡ᳡̨Ļüͷ̲ס
ߣ㶮ʲôֻҪҪн似ܶǮģһĵۡҲƬ̣Ӧ˵ųﻰ䣬ֱӳۡʮƽ𡱣ûԸ¼ȥһͭ塣
ڳ֮ˣĸǺŽԿ׳ģһͭ壬ֱǵݡ
ʮƽ𣡡
ʮƽ𣡡

ʮƽ𣡡
һƾͱĵʮƽҲλͽ似ˣֻǣΪн似ͽ似ܱȵġ
һƽ𣡡
ʮƽֱ֮ӳһƽ˵ע⣬̲ס֮ˣˣ֮ǰԳ̵֮ˣ˳һƽüͷһ£ƵᣬͺһƽԣֻǾţһë
һƽ𣿡
᳡̨ۼ˶סˣȻͲµĳۣĵһʱǻ̲סһǱȡ֮ϼң£вҵȫֵҲʮƽҡ
˳ûеĻұ䴸ˣ֮Ʊλүˡ̨ϵ䴸ݺݵȥһ᳡
Ǳһ䴸̼ˣܿ죬˳ˣһһʮƽ𣡡
ƽ𣡡
λүͺһûκγɣֱӳۣò˵ĳ۷ʽڳˣֱǲûƽ𵱻ƽ̫ݳޣ̫ܼˡ


54 ʥԺ
ƽ
ƽ𣬾ݳǸǹһҲòôǮһʱ䣬᳡̾Ϣ˷˿Ǹˣң̣Ѳǡ
տʼûǱ룬ΪǿǸҡĵλΪһн似˵ݳڣ˻ӽ̬̲סԪһҵ塰ҡϵһң̣漰ҵ򣬸ɵйԪеһ壬ҲԪеһ壬ţ֮У侳ǿ
һ塰ҡȻȱн似߽似ȱΪʲôҵ˻ݳǣһн似ⲻ۸Ԫ˻֮⣬ĸҸƴƸ
µ˵ݣ˵òǮõóҲҼӼˣʲôЦ˭ȥ
ûκһн似ơУˣǰ̨ﵱ潻ףʱ᳡˲ŷ֣ԭн似ƣһֱڻС
ǶƱԪ̺ŷУ˾ʱԵ٬ſǰ̨棬һƽͣӻͳһƱݸ
ûùƱһᣬ˵ͷȷʵǻ̺ŷеĽƱн似ƣүһ¡
˭֪˽ӹƣûһֱۣ뻳У᳡ϵЩҲ̫˰ɣתһ룬ȻˣССݳǳң֮Уƭڣһϣ¡
㲻һ£ѵ
ãŵù㡣һЦֵܣҲˣһֵ֪Ƿ
ǰ˵Ŀ⣬ֶԷгƣ˵ͷУҪҸҴǴк
н似ơģһγҾٰҲˣ᳡ϵ˾ɢȥûĵн似ˣһζˣҲЩƣ˭֪ҵ˻һţҪ֪ˣǾͲˡ
˳ȥǱڵΣǽˣֻˣƽ׵˶ƽ𣬿˵ƽ𣬴ǳ̩͸ҵģﲻ֮ˣŻͷҪ̩һݡ񡱣һףף
ѶƱ󲮳ۺ󣬳һ뿪᳡˿ʮͷ߸һλˣ˼ͨȴ֪λˣ濴ô򵥣˵Ļ
һ·ϣ˲У֪СԵſ񣬿˽½Ӵʱܸо˼ϸ壬֪һ򵥵ˡ
ݳõľ¥Ϊ¥ҵĲҵõһŰԶλغ⣬ɽһһվκСš
үԼҳӦòֻҺȾô򵥰ɣһƺ󣬳￪żɽһµˣҲûʱ˷ϣʱ䣬ȥ
ֵܣҽһֵܣܲһֱүɣҡͷһЦ
֡Ŀڡ
ԼֵܳȾΣҪģҪʶһ£ɫĵӣһټ⼸ģйֵܵĴţɫĵӣֵ֮ܵ˵
һû뵽ĵϸ֪ôо˲򵥣˵ЦˣڵңѾڵӣֻͽѡ
ۿԳһЦɫһֵܣҶ֪ʵ˵ʵһεݳΪ似ƣΪ
˵ţ似ȡ˳ݸһƣйǣ֪һգ˿似ΪãҲᶢųңҽ͸ֵܣ͵Ƕһεļ񡣡
ûȥӣ΢һˣ˸Ȥ
ֵܲԷƱҿɴû˵ˣɱ侳ߵģֵ뿪ںһΪԻָ
ˣȻ֪ͽҲ֪£ȴ֪ڿӦֻǴһӿ֪£һӣΪ侳ߣֻʲôֶΣһΪ
ԴˣʱûеƵĴ㣬ҪʲôƽƣͷôͻԼɲΪԷ
֣˵ΪҶҪ׻˶ƽµ似ȴ֪Ϊ£ֱʵ
ֵˬ죬ҲͲĨˣһҳֵܣһҪʶʶŵĵӣҪֵǷ紫һ㣬汻һΪҵĿġ
Ըꡣ
ֵ֪˵ʥԺûУʡ
ûСҡͷ
ʥԺʼšţϻڱȼĶš˵˳һֳۣûʲô׺󣬽˵ʥԺǼԪʳѧԺÿ꣬һѧԱÿһΣֻʮˡʥԺѧԱеٮٮߣл뼫ţΪŵʽӣ
˵ԼʥԺԺԪұһĸټ֮ˣڼʥԺѡУǰϯλõͣȥʹ͵ĶǽƸҲһΣҸλأټ֮ˣλеһʹͺλ
ˣ֣㲻ټȥμѡΰɣ
ͷұǴ⡣
üͷһ壬һǲףȻ֮ǰϣΪλҪң
Ϊֱܾãֵ츳˫֮ˣȻܾʹ˳٣ΣҶҪʵ֤ҶĶˡ¶Ц⣬Լѡ⡣
ݸ׻˵ŮΪüݣʿΪ֪ò˵ѡ˳
̾˿֣һΣҪʧˡ
ʱ򣬳֪ԼбҪ֪һЩ£룬ôäĿظΪͦθڵġ
ţɻ
֣ʵҵûлָպӦҲܲ侳￴
ôܣɫһûɱ侳ߣֵܣЦһ㶼Ц
侳ߣɱġ
һһ䣬Լ侳֮·һһ


55 ƽ
˵ĻľһУʵڷ˼
ﻹʱչֳ츳һѣţʱŽͼΪȡһλţټʥԺμѧѡΣһλǰҽõľλһƬء
主ɵйԪУҶԪĹڻУûлκ˲ȦسΥ߱ӵһоƿȨķأκһֱûлᣬһλˣҼϥ֮ӣ˭ټ֮ˣλмʥԺѡεǰΪһһ˳λ̳ˡ
ҵھӣʱԣծŰ˸磬ܵܣȻľ츳һֵУֻΣΪһҪһһεĻᣬͱԼ
һΣΪ˳ݳǣ˵ɱһ侳ߣϲ֪ԼĶˣڣķһţŵ봫Զƺûбϡ
ֻǣڳ˵һУߡ
֣㻹ɣҿ°ﲻ㡣̾˿վ׼뿪
ֵܣʱȻһ棬ȻԼҲ˵ˣԺ·Լ֪ΣҿҲڶԼţ侳޺߳Լ·𣿡
ǡͷһǰƴȫԹ޻ڡ
Ȼˣһѣվһᶨ侳֮·ҲǷ˼СȺ飬Ҳû˵ֹãҪߵ·һߴྶͥڲǰ£߳һԼ·
֣αˣ㲻˵ʥԺѡαºڿûжʱˣα˷ҵϡ̾
ʱ䣬ȥұţһѣˣԸԳֵҲΪʥԺصĶ󣬵ʱǰ;̹Ϊʽӣڻ¡˵
ʥԺѡΣɲ˭ȥμӵģԪһϵźͼټһټټʮҾټޡ
Щټ֮ˣһ𣬲μѡΣǵУֻʮܳΪʥԺѧԱʮУҪͨһϵп飬гǰ֮ˣټǵõҵķʹ͡
һεĽλء
˵ʵĻ˵ﲻĶǼٵģܳΪŵĵӣţԼľ룬ԽԽĶţո¶ͷǣȻõصһǧԶݳǵı쳵ܱȡ
ᣬһΪˣ츳֮⣬ҪǺϻ֧
ﲢΪоͨԼ츳ͬţãܸʱͣüȫ黹
һ̣̲ΣģһѰ
ʥԺѡΣʲôƣʡ
ѡΣҪףʮ¡˵
ûΪҪ󣿡ɻ
ûСҡͷʥԺѡѧԱΪʵֻ츳ϾһЩҾƶţΪûкõΪȻҪһЩʥԺһԼѡηʽǰ֮ˣʵϸһȣͨѡεʮλѧԱҪʵĿ飬г
һ㣬ǰ֮ˣʲôΪʡ
ҼǵãһΣҲǰеһ֮ˣ᰽ټ֮ˣʮ꣬һΪ侳أеڶ֮ˣʮ꣬һΪ侳أе֮ˣʮ꣬һΪ侳һء
һΣеһ֮ˣֻ˼ʥԺ£ҲʳǣǼʥԺԺ츳ΪĴڣ˵ڶ뿪Ԫȥˡ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أ
ǳҲ̲סһ𣬶ң˻ǳ᰽ڣĸ磬᰽ڣû뵽᰽У֮ˣ
˵ҲЩɣλţҲճ񡭡ǽС硯ֵͬڡ뵽ʲô΢Ц
磡
˴ԭأ磬Ǵ磿ȥˣ
ЩΪˣʮʱһ侳Ϊһǰضʱʮ꣬ʵָõ˺εȾ磬侳أѾͻ侳侳ˣ
֣ԸΪľټ֮ˣμº󣬼ʥԺѡΡ˵ڼţҲûгɣֱӻظ
ãáͷһܣʱֽƵݸһΣûоܾԼѵצǵؼ似ʺҵƣֲ˳似ϵǷȱ
֣һһ󡣡ֿڡ
һ⣬ĸǰݳǣػңǶ侳ߣֵܣɰģﻹû˵ʲô£ȿڣ·ܿ͸˼
л֣Ҵݳǵ£һ뿪
뿪𣬻صҺ󣬱ټ˳Ҽۺͳλϣгɡ¸աĺɺͺܿˣ˵ԼĴ㣬˵ҪʳǼʥԺȥμѡΣ۵˶һ
ｫȡһ˵۵˲ŷӦ¸̲סһ壿ңʦܣλѣԪɵйǸеĵϵӵܰɣ
ɵйһң˽٣ų¸ս֪ͣôһȻû뵽ǳǿʢļ塣
Ҫ뿪뿪ˣô죿ڵĳңû㲻аüͷ𣬵ĳҰΣ
磬ͲõˣִӦңɳλ侳ߣػҡ˵ҵĺ·Ȼܲ˼
˵ڳ֮ˣ֪һҪ뿪ˣڼء
ѾֻҪΪʥԺѧԱҪȡǰţһգֻңҲӻңңĺ֮ǡ
ˣһн似ơĳƽĸ߼ۣ似Ͼǳ͸ǳҵģǵø˻طǣʲôҶˣ֪бûУоЩأת˻⡣

ˣһ˵Ǹлн似ˣһ첼ڸǵӣ̩ǰں첼棬һš
̩ţֻдš
ˣлƣСС񣬻Цɡ

ƿ첼ϵССԪ˲䣬̩ɫǺ죬һһѪ³ȾԪ
ƽ𣬴ʱԵøۡ


56 ϴ
ҵ£Ѿʮ֮󣬵ؼͽ似ѵצ˺һΪȡϵĲ֣ʣµ˳¸ռˡ
ҪǴȥ϶ᱻ֪˴ж˿飬ǿǵؼ似
ؼ似ݹԪҲǼΪϡģﾹȻֱӽ˺룬ֱ
ʱĸҲˣӣ侳ߣõ˳˳ҵػߣ侳ң̩ɽ
뼫ʥԺѡΣн£˵һҾټֻ֮УҲ֣ڼʥԺѡε֮ǰչֳԼʵ츳õҾټ֮һ
ݳǶţԳ֮µĳˣ¸աĺɺͺܿΧųŵգóоЩѹ֣Цݣ󲮣磬Ƿİɣпһģʹ֣ʥԺѧԱɣûһŵơ
⻰۵˿ĿӳԶȥ׷ǰߵˡ
ѰǧϰǰȱġѸ;ԡ꣬ұƾѸ;ԣ˴ƸɾͽյĸɵйڣѸ;ԵҲֻ֪Ѹ;ԵĽǧٶѰǧ
һƥѰǧֵƽѸ;ԣֵƽһ˸ﲻ
ңλڡǡǣݳǶߣ֮󣬳ǣһ·ϣУһ˽⣬У˵һҶ󣬾ǵĳҲϹϾ
ò˵ǣżʶʲôС·СﲻݳǸǱȣֱһСǡ
һҸۡռټʮ֮һ֮أһҸۡСݳǴó𺳣Ԫһ壬ԺһšڡеĴڡ
Ҵſڣʮţߣۿ˵күϡ
˵ͷ˿Ѹ;Ժ󣬾ǰΪǣѸ;ԣĴ£߽ң΢ЦֵܣȥҸ׻㱨еջ񣬻ϻȥϢͷȥ㡣
áҲ΢Цͷ
ϣߵλˣȫ򻪡ϲ⣬͸¶Ϣ֪һλǿ侳ߣڶǿڵĳܿ͸ڻϵĴ£סҸۡһͷ
һͷԺӵռǳݳǳҸۡԺӵԺ˻ݣһ񾲵ĸо
үúϢңڼʥԺѡοʼǰһ£ڲѡΣʱүŽ֮һ˵漴ǡ
ףߡ
ߺ󣬳طҵڲѡΣ⣬ڵʵ侳ߣҲ壬ҪģǾʵΪºļʥԺѧѡ׼һλᣬݴ
һ侳ʮΪܸоԼ巢ɱ䣬΢ͻḡֳһصһߣ侳ߣҲδһǶ侳֮·Ĳܾã侳޺תҪ
Ϊһ׹һöͨɫĹʵֵܣ׹ΪˡǳҵĹ˾֮ͬĳ̶ֳϣ˵Ǻ˾棬ʺ㡣
򿪹һŷ֣˾һ߽׹һݣĻƼ߽׹˾ȷʵ֮ͬΪ߽׹˳˾к˾֮⣬ܽһ纣һ㣬һؽһأ£ԴԴϳһһأޱߡ
̫ˣҲա˿̣ＸԼˣ˵Ϊĺ˾ѵצûгͻֻˣ˵ķڷɵͨϣ붼ֻǣΪѾƽˣȻĶǿƴǡ
ֵܣѵ㲻ѣɫһЩá
ôᡣҡͷ֣֮䣬ĳЩ̶ϣ𣬿ΪҳһԸҳȥģȣ۷ҵѣ㲻ҪɡֻǣΪѾֵ̫࣬ĶҾЩˡ
ڲȷǷȡüʥԺѡǰɼǰֻΪ˶ƽ𣬸λ侳ػңڳ￴ΪĹˣûΪκ¡
ֵܣô˵˵㲻̰ͼС֮ˣϵ磬Ϊˣ塣ɫһֻǣһμӼʥԺѡΣֻΪԼҲΪңȡüʥԺʮǰжѣ֪ЩΨһΪֵģ㲻ӣѰ
ۿﻹǼ֣óӣֵܵ治Ҫ似յ
ϵĹ似ǹ±Ǳյʹʧʷ֮УЩǰĳ棬뵱ʱʱҪؼ似ѵצʱơ
±ǡ飬صóоѹף߽׹֮УҲǼΪģǹעһϣϡ
öϴڽеĳʵ˹
ϴϲʵ
ϴ侳Щôƺϲöʵ˿˵
öϴҲ򵥰ɣʡ
ֻǶ侳ãֵ侳ߣûκôˡЦ˵
ֻ侳ã
ò˵Ļ侳õĶӦò߽׹ǰ߽׹ˣöϴҲûƴǡ
һʱ䣬ҾͲֵˣߺ徲˴ţҾټʱֵܡ˵һ뿪
գʶԼˣȫˡ
ϴ֮տʼ͸о˵̥һ㣬ٶҲӿ࣬ھͨİ£ʱ۶ԪŨ̶ȣӲһֱһֿµĳ̶ȡ
ϴ壬֮ϴ裬ȷʵֻ侳ãôȴ򵥣ϴ侳ߣٶһֱˣʱ˿̣ŸоϴĲ򵥡
һ侳ߣտʼϴζţ侳֮·ٶȽһϴһ侳һʱ䡣
ʲô


57 ټ
ᵽϴЧú󣬳ףϴǷֵ߽׹ˡ֮£ϴ侳һʱ䣬磬侳һߣԭҪ侳أϴֻҪܲ侳ء
һ壬ﶼСﾪ̾
ȴǲ֪ϴΪϡԪҲ֮ͣܵõöϴǵȥ̸⣬һϣһǧƽãϴڽ֮Уɰ겻࣬Ϊ档
Ǵ㽫һöϴ̥кӵģţϴ侳һʱ䣬ԺĺӾܳΪһе̳
ӳ֪侳֮·ҧҧ룬öֵϴ͸˳ȻҪģǾͶĴ㣡
ʱ䣬ɹת߽׹ˡ˾ԣͺ;ƣת޾˵ĹУûκ˾һ羪κ಻ˣڽһԵͬʱһ˽һˣһ˸һǿ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
Ժһһȭȫûж似ڳȭɲǣ֮˷屬߱
ȭ֮Ժһ࣬һžʯȻĩ
ˣ뺧˾һ㣬Ǻ˲ܻɵĹһ˽һˣˣں˾Ļϣ֮˼ǿһ˸һǿޱȣ
ﰵ̾к˾ӵˣ°빦̶̰ʱ䣬˵أȻҲоͨϴ֮
оȻԼΪ侳ʮأʵȴһΣ侳֮£ģ֣Ϊٽһ̤侳ʮأ˵侳֮£κˣ
ţţ
ǿģҲȤģÿһ춼ڷ仯δ֪δ﷢֣֪ʱԼͳָо֮Уһʰһ첻ûڡ
ȫʱʱ䣬ֱţʶֹ֪ȥһ£գҾټӣУ֪һΣڣһоŸ˾ĸʣµһڶˣǸˣ߸磬ʮ꣬侳ΪһУ츳ߵһˡ
ʮ꣬侳أԪΧ˵š
֮ǰɱ侳ߣһμŽġټûκεģҪĵģһº󣬳ǷλмʥԺʮеǰ
ҵ䳡һ޼ʣռҸ֮ۡһ֮أһ磬䳡һ鳡ΧվˣЩ֮ˣеϵӵܣҲϵӵܣǽˣΪһܱ֮ҼλүѰĸټˣߡ
үˣĶ̷꣬ӡšߡ˵һһˣʮ꣬һΪ侳أү൱
ֻǶţܳŵӣܲˣү϶үܶ侳ˡ
ꡭүˣƤ
ϵӵ˽ʱʮͷҴү塱ŵӡ̤ͬʱһβһһˣү򵶡
ţҵϥ̵֮򵶺λʮСү⣬ү߶һˣǴԪѰߡ
үûһЩϵӵܣ
үϥ¾츳ǿ֮ӣ̣ҵ֮ӣ֮ʱᱻȥһҵҾүʮ꿪ʼ̶̼ʱ䣬ΪҴڻƽĴ󣬿һҵš
ȥҴ˿һûĻҪô츳ǿү򵶡ҪôǾžү
ȻһμʥԺѡǰĽùȥһ֧飬żһ仰λү˭Ϊȡأ˭ͽΪһһ˳λ̳ˣԣһϥʮһλүү׵Сү⣬뿪ңԪѰţǶƾһλᣬõ֮λļ̳Ȩ
үʱ˽ӻ˵үǰҲһˣӦΪԼѡĳ룬ֻǣ˵ˣֻʮˡ꣬Ҳ֪үôģʮˡ꣬츳ǿүҲûãܳΪʥԺʮ֮һҲλǰʵ̫С
ʮˡꣿүҪԸԳĻţܺǰʥԺѡγֵǸᲢۣȻһڲĸټһõ
ʲôЦ˭֪ǰʥԺеǸţԪѵһţʮһΪ侳أԪʱܳһͲˡ

Щӵ۷׷ףû˿þүˡ
ʱͷԶһȺ˵Ŀɨ˹ﵭһЦǺˡ
ҡͷһЦӦö룬һΪε˹ؼʱ̾ͷͿôϾڼʥԺѡλʱҪһʵֶεģһ㣬ԽԽ󡣡
֣𣿡ʡ
ڣҡҡͷĿᶨľһڣ
һ䳡гأΧһ㣬Щ˶Ϊͣ츳ٺãһδܵõټ
ЩۣһЦӲЩ֪ƽЩ֮ԣֻ֮³ˣʱʵЩ˱졣
Ͼţţ
Ҵү壬˹ĿڳϣǹЦ⣬гӺͲмԭΪԼŵ̽ҵž޵Ϊ룬ȴû뵽ŵһԸʶ䣬˸ʮˡˡ
ֵܣҴ磬塣ͷк󣬶Գܵ
еӺͲмȻע⵽ˣ壬Ȼˣòӣ嵭˵ͷ
ŵİֻϣһܵõĸټ֮һŵͷŭЦתȥ
⣬ҴΪԴ󣬶һֱĴ٣ᣬС㣬ŹҵĻᡣǸˣȴҲѡ
ûϡҡҡͷĿԶߵϣ֪Ӧþߣĳ롣
֣һĸټʲôƣʡ
ֻҪ˾ˡע⵽˳Ŀ⣬ĿùŹ֣֪Ҫùˡ


58 һ仰
һλϵΧӵܲŰ׷׶кϡ
ʮһλүүСү⣬λү³λҶϣһͷҰ׳ӥۻüĿһɨΧڵ
ʱһ߽˳أڣһˡ
λҳϣʵоȻϻҪǿǱڴϡ١ҲֻǿǰҶϣ˳һּΣյĸо
ҶϵĿ⣬ɨˣڳʱһ£ʱ䣬ҲһЩӵܿе֪үһλʮˡţ˽֪ˣؿ˳һۣĿƿ
λãҶϡͤ׻ҾͲ˵ˣֱӿżɽǾ˵УʣµֻܾټˣȥμӼʥԺѡΣʥԺѡΣҲ˵һѡϣǾƽƣҫ档ͤڣʱڵľ֮У˳һĶСжֳּ
ʥԺԪ߶ԣһѧʥأ˵ǣԪšڡͶ塰ҡ֮ˣҲͷҪУΪ˼ʥԺлΪšʽӣȻ̼Ϊѣ֮͡
ţţܰУֻһʩչպԪܵõһλһء
ǽվΪҪȥΪȡһλһأλͷص̶ȣ֪
һǾУѡˣټȥμӼʥԺѡΡ棬˵һ¹أǾ֮УгһŵźţУүټ֮Ϊһšүټ֮ΪšԴơһſʼѡ֣ظ֮ˣõһټһս֮󣬶ս³Ϣ֮ˣѡһսΪ֣ܶÿһ˶ƽͤ˵
ϡ
ʱҴүټ֮ˣǸ̷ꡮʵټ֮սƣ
ͤ˵ͷҲҽҪ˵ģ˵ȭۣλҪ˼ȻҲʧȥһλþټĻᡣ
ڳ֮ˣܱҼλүѰ츳֮ٶЩԪһ壬ҲԸ֦
Ҳ˵ֻҪֻһڣ㷸棿ʡ
ͤͷֻҪҲȥô࣬ǲˣָţ塣
ЦˣͷһƫĿڲԶĳϣкһš
Ȼע⵽Ŀ⣬Ҳµˣ϶ǵõҴү⣬һΪһŵһܾͻѡﰵЦѡֻ˵ùˣ侳߶ѣҲûɱ
ϡ￴ͤ
ʲô𣿡ͤԳͷһЦܱүѡеˣȻᣬҲС
ϣڶսбˣûս֮֮ˣδãʥԺѡξһºܲܵɣʡ
ˣս֮ˣȨλս֮ʱожԷɿڴ䣬һ䣬һ˲ٳ֣ȻĪϷֲ顣ͤһڣһɿµġơֳˡ
ɲǼ䣬͸оһϢĸоȻλҶͤʵڴϷٵʵǿġơɢѹƾˣǿֵܵӰ졣
ͤЩȣûӰ죬֣ɳղţΪ˿̽ڳϣ˱ǿһġơﻹǵĪүѡˣȻ򵥡
صˣһΪ͸ϣֻ侳صĻ
ڳˣһۿʱܿΪ侳أֻǣûһ˾ֻ侳ߣܱү֮ˣȻֻʮˡ꣬Ҳô˶ΪֶΣʵΪ
ţҳΪ˱ǩһŵźţֵˡ˺š
ڣһ³ѡ֡ض˵ˣҲֺˣͤ˵
һţҴүټ֮ˣ̤߳Ŀֱ˳ڣһѡ񣬰˺š
ѡû˸еȣڳĴ˶Ϊүټλ˺ţǾеӡʯͲʮˡ꣬Ȼ츳ǿȥ
üͷһѡ˰˺ţζţһѡ˺ˡ
ӵʶү塢үȥǷ֣Цһ㶼ģǲòүĶʱˣ򶨡
Сӣɣ䣬ҶսȨ³һͿֱ˵
սԩ޳𣬽ǵһμ棬ҶһĿģΪһ˺֣ԾȿһۣʣһᣬϾֻߣ¡
ߣֻ֣㲻ۣ˲õˡһ漴Ŀһ
վ˵츳һţֻϧԸΪȮƾһ㣬㣬ûгΪǿߵʸǿߣ־ޱȼͣһ׷Ҳ죬Ը£ϵĳɾͣޡ
￴ѿɫϷ·ƣεѹ֮ѹϣĽŲ΢΢ǰСһһСзңѹޱȡ
ǿߣ־ޱȼͣһ׷Ҳ죬Ը£ϵĳɾͣޡ
ԺлصųĻļ˲
ûǰͼǿ˳Ϊš
ڣƾҴүһ仰Ҫһδı棬زʶº֣ĸΪ֮
ڳ˿һĻˣүߣֻһ仰ôү߼Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣ
Сһƾһ仰һŵ־õ͸ƺʮɣӣպǰ;ǰ;
֮ͤǰ͸оүټ˲򵥣ڿȻǡ
ɫףһʱԺ֮У뿪šһĻĻţʱʦͬʦֵ񣬶ضΪʥԺѧԱҡֱϣƽơ
Ȼ뿪źҴү̻֮أ֮𽥲ʴʱҲԾĪĸš
ֵܣ嵱ѣδ㵱£ѣѣ
Ҵү巴Ӧæеˣòϣϣ


59 ˺š
лл
Ŀ֮£˿·л
û֪ղžʲô˶óˣʱˣڵһˣԼĶֹлųϿҡ
Щȣû뵽Լһϴóڵ˼ǳ·
ܺãĺܺá
ǰ֮ˣõأ壬ҽгʲô
ҽһЦãͬʱȥңңһ䡣
䣡
֮⣬ӵһƬȻүߣššһһˣ侳ߣھүߣһʮˡǰˣ
ǸЦ⣬һȤˡ
ΪʲôҪ䣿嶢Żɫ
壬֮䣬ֻǺϵͣ㲻ãڵЩ𣿡ɨһۣ˵
㣡ɫһ䣬һŵСӣ㣬λлվʥԺѡεľټĪҪ壡
壿
ЦˣЦúܲãţĿ⣬Զڳߵϣ壬˵ֻǺϵٽҵˣ룬ľŵӦò⣬ټһˡ
˿ؿŭ£ұֳܵŵǱȥʱֻ᳹ʧȥΪ̳˵ĻᣬΪЦ̧ͷ
صߣе֪̲סȣһųĵӣƾһ츳ĵز֤֮ĵļͣѹ֣ѹԼ˵Ǿ仰ඥ󳹴
ԭ˵һĿģҪŭȻֶȨ˭뵽󳹴ͻȻǱһˡ
ţǶ³ţҶүߣʮ꣬Ҳ侳ߡҵλүҰģΪһ˳λ̳ˣԣûһλүߣߡ
ţһͷ꣬һ̣ޱȣ³󣬿ͤϣղŵһһ䣬˶ûģʣǲǿսǵеһˣ
ͤ΢΢漴ͷԡ
áͷЦˣĿߵĳϣѡս˺ţ
ǰ˺ţ
˿ж¶ղһǶΪǳ˺˹ʺˣȻһ䣬ڶٴսû˿ó
ˣӭϹͷĿ⣬ֶԷоӺͲмʱ𼸷ֻϻ汻ɲèˡ
ûгɣ̤߽˳أͷš
˺Сӣ˽ˣϾϼҡͷ촽¶׹⣬·Ѿ˳ﱻˣȨһĻ
ͺͷϻô࣬еĿ־𣿡Цһ
ͷɫһ䣬޷ԶͷһͺӰ֣һ֣ͶԼͨ׼ȫԸʥԺѡξټû˻⣬ʹǰ֮ԶĶ֡
ͺͷҲˣͨҲǳªͺգ㣬ﻹҳۡЦʼգûжͨĴ㣬Χ۵ӵܶЩСӣҲ̫д˰ɣ
ͺͨһչڹͷ£ȥڣͷĿ¶׹⣬һȭȭХͷʩչһָ似ȭͷΧų
µͺգ˫צץһһޣͬһʱ䣬Գʩչƣڡ

ﶯˣֻһɫƥ֣ض㿪ڵһһޣأһȭʵ޻ûж似Ψȭͷγ۵ȭ
ȭȭƳգŹͷŴƽһȭͷ֮ɳȻأû˶µͺ֮ͨ𣬲һ

һž
ڳ˵Ŀ⣬ڳʮˡϣ˺ųһսʤһγΪ˽ڣֻǣһΣû˾ǽҡã侳ߣͨ似һͱˡˡ
ţַ֣ܶ˺ųʼգûùͨ͹似ֻ˿쵽µ似Լƽһȭһȭ̺֮˶֡
ţˣսȨʱ˶Ƶͤӵܴȥ˺󣬿ˣ̫𺳣ʮˡ꣬һ侳ߡ
ŸղȫʩΪУɼˣһ棬žͱˣ
ˣµ𾪡
ϾŴĹɫΪѿ
ǿղ֣ͷڵ³Ӧþҵ³ĵ⣬ղ䣬ǸмһػԼ֮·ڳ٣ʮˡˣʵֲ˹
ߣһʮҵһɨתȥҶү
űȨζ׳֡
ΧӵܣڶݵĴ֮͡󣬷׷׻ع̫ˣ侳ߣһȭû£⻹ûù似ͨ˹似ͨˣ
㻹û𣿶ţûʸù似ͨ
Ǿүߣ̫ǿˣҵһۿ;Ƿڣҵ۹Ȼǲġ
㻹ҪҪ֮ǰ˵үͷôһΪɣ
ޣԲ˵ģ϶ˡ

ô˵ֻӳһȭ˶ţڳˣүټ֮ˣĶСǸ֮⣬˿У˼ɵ
ֵˣûûͨûù似ƾ֮ӳһȭǸͷֲ侳ߣֱ࣡ĶСУ졣
ţϳſʼҲûսǼʶ˳ʵСʮˡˣ
䣡ͬһȭûж似ͨߺˣ
ɲǼ䣬ڣ˵Ŀ⣬ڳĶСϣǾźţߺŵս赭дһȭˣֶΣ֮ǰʩΪһ졣
侳Ҷɣ̲סͺ
侳
˶ˣòƽƽ߲һ꣬侳ߣ
꣬ʮүߡ


60 ֮
ҶͤŵϺŵǿ֮һĻӵȻŲɡ
۵꣬侳ߣ
ţӵܵĿ⣬һͺͳ൱ϣЦݣºͿףҵʮүƽź꣬ټ֮ˡ
ҵ˶û뵽ʮү躹ޣһξôĶһλ侳ߣΪλĳ롣
˺ųź꣬ǾԵĺʼգ˶ֻһΣû˸սǣѡ֣ѡ֮ˣ³ûУֱ䡣
ڳˣϣģǳһսǺܿʧˣˣѡʱĬܿ˶Է
ϼ죬٣һξĽҲˣĸټһõһһŽĲ̬ã·ܱ紵Ĳ̬꣬չֳԶʵ
̬꣬ү򰲡ټ֮ˣʮ꣬侳Ϊӵн꣬߳
ɢȥӵܻǰľеĻ⣬ΧҾүʮүƽټ֮˵ϣǸ˺ųź꣬żΪµʵ
꣬׿ȷ侳ߡ
Ȼûȷϣڴ󲿷ӦҲһλ侳ߡ
Ժʯǰ񷣬㷱ǣžҹޱƽõĸټ֮һ֮УһǰûͻƵõټҲ׾٣οڡ
һʱ䣬ھͨϴİ£һΪٴͻƣ侳ʮأʱʶԼǰƲû侳ʮأǶ侳ļޣһ֮뼫ޣٴ
侳ʮغ󣬳﷢֣֮۳ġãֻˣ侳ĿǣգԶŹͷ֣һȭͷ֣ͷȭͷΧ˲ڣҲʱ֣Ȼͷ궨ᱻһȭ
һȭû似ȴ̺˾˵ķƥȭ̺粻ϳĺˣһ˸һǿ
ڣҲ˳ؼʱûǷܸһ
嵽˶侳ļޣûע۳ܳΪ侳ߣ侳ߣ֮УûܳΪ侳ߡ
֡Ժϸ΢ĽŲ˳ת
ֵܣͷȻֱһ츳˫侳Ϊ似ͨһȭԻ侳ߣҸţֻ侳ߡţһܿΪԪǬ½Уǿߣ
߽ԺУ·ܿ˼
֣ʱҾǰûκܿԡ̾
ֵֵ̹֪ܶܵ£ִӺβ𣿡
ҡͷһЦֻʶ̶£ͳѳ֪ͻȻʲôˣҴֵ֪ͨһ磬ɩ³Ϊףһȡþټ
ɩ̫ˡ
΢Цһ£Ҳķˣһǧס
ҹҸۡټһиƻʱиǰԺ֮УһʿһԶСƣƷζȣòڡ
ϣϾǸ㶼͸͸¶Ϣʿˣʡ
ˣҶϣͤҡҡͷүΪŹ֣ûоʱĲ侳֣߳ôһ
ѲɣΪ侳ߣʿҵҼ˲ΪҼ²Ƹʤ
ܻ侳ߣ侳ߡͤҡͷȭʱҷȭͷΧһֵҲһȭ£λɢͺ˿һ㣬Ҳʱ֣Ȼαɣ
ΣǽǸŹͷꡣ
ͤΪ侳߽ǿߣڵʱΣһ
ô˵ҵСһЩȤˡ˫һҼȤ£ɲࡣ
ڶһ磬㽫Լĵھӡ
ס
ϾţһΣΪľ㣬ԹޣǰĶӣ̾˿ӣϥϲ֮һһ츳ߵӡ򵶡ǵʮӣƽ
Ȼû˵ʲô£ףҡҡͷףľȻĵһΣľγڿֵܼ˵ġʶ֮ܡ
һЦͷϾţͺã֮£Ҳ˵ˣ˺ܺãһΣʮлᣬǲ֪㣬ʮ
ֱԵֵܡ
һֵܣ
ͷ
ЩȣϾţ֪۹һ򼫸ߣܱΪֵ֮ˣ򵥣ǷܸΪ˵˵λֵܣǺҲ
΢ЦףĿİɣ
һ̾Ͼţʮһ֮УǻۿƵһ츳һЩͱӰˡ
ֵܣԭڵӡ
һһ䣬Լڵһһ֪ڸǰûأ˵׵ֶΣãܽĵӲ׳졣
֮ţ֮š£ΣŻ˿¶ͣϾţĺܺãһΣڼʥԺѡУλǰ͵ĸǣҲᰴ֮ǰ˵ѸԪΪһһ˳λ̳ˡ
ףΪҹͤ˵ûûһȭǸΣȫһܴ弫ޣɾͶ侳֮·ˣǰ;
ҼʮһһԻͣ۹⣬ԪĿùһЩŵرǵһλ˵ͬԪ֮ˣ˫һΪ¶Ƿ켫֮ˡ
ǵãǸҪСʮ֮ˣҲա
գǰʳǼʥԺѡΣ᰽ڵľš硱ٴУ֮ˣƺЯޱȵŹ⻷˫
Ҳܸϲ
ټµĵգϰƥѸ;ɵҳӣǾηע£ƺƵ뿪ǣԪʳǷȥ޾


61 Ѫ죡
ҳӣжƵ֮޲á
ʮݻƥѸ;ţߡ˸˲ڻ£һڣ࣬мһӣˮȣ𣬰ڷ룬˿ûΪг
ƿһ棬һƬ֣ѾʮգٶȣҪܵʳǣ
һߵģ΢Цٹ죬ܵˡ
ͷһ·˳˳ˮȻԪУԶԶҳӣǾжԶԶˣңԪһ壬ǿƣһЩǡ
гͶ٣ҺеطЪϢľ񣬵Ҳһֱֵúܺá
ֵܣһεʳǣʥԺѡǰҴ㵽ߣʳǱ֣ټһεļʥԺѡΣʱƼַǷңܼʶԪķߡЦĿ֮Уڴ
Ƽô
˵ͷԺУ̲סֳһ׵ٻӰȻһ뵽ʥԺѡΣ̲ס룬츳ʵӦûõڣ߼ҵľټμһμʥԺѡΣʱⲻ˼档
һμнʣһ˿ִͿԷˡ̾˿
̨䣬ϵԹȥʱѾڻض·ϣ£ҲߵĳɼﵱȻ֪ɼ˲ƭԼϾûĿһУȻǼһ˿ʡ
һΣڻʳǼܳ˶һθ顣
ǸԶҲ⣬ˣ֪жôںһ֧飬Ļ䣬Ҳ䡣
ֵܣ£Ĳס
֣˵ʲôǰʲô飿ͻأʵ
飿û뵽Ƭ̣ϸҸЦݣ飬ɷָݣҪݣǾЦЦޣһһʱ޿̣ǣģʱ䳤ˣˣżֿʱⲻᡭǰ飬Ҹ⡣
ӣ÷С޲£֮⣬ƺమԼİᾧƽʱæߣǻмӡ
֣Ľ㣬һɩôõŮ顣һ̾
ֵܣ㡭ѲɣǷŲǸڳڵ£ָƣҲڳɰĵӿУŹڽܳŵӼ£ֻǣ֪Ǹһʱ䣬û뵽ûǸŮˡ
Ҫȫ£̸סҡͷƺԼһ֣˵ˣɣ
ۿһһͣغȣֱԼͷ˯ΪǺñӣĿ⸴ӣλֵܣˣֻǣ£ֻܿԼûܰ
ǻʳǼҼϥǧ𡣺ߣֵϣĮ飬ֵܣԣ㣬պעںһգ
߸ɴ⺮紵ɨ˫գ˫΢Уĺ⣬һš
֮ҳӣڵ˻ʳ֮⣬ԶԶȥʳһݷԶӴޣûڳ֮У߽֮󣬿ԿʳǻֺĳǽصĴţĴʳǣԪĵһǣԪ棬Ԫǧ꣬ʳ޹ʮΣʳǵռڵȣʮô
ʳǣǽϵŹϵ֣ϵͼȻɱ֮ͼɱһģڵĳһĿ¶η
ǻʳǣ˳̫𺳣
ԪвͬУֻһЩ˽ĴѲӣӣʳ֮УĴɼųӵѪͻȻԶһӣ£ѲӵѪ߳ˣѪĽܿ죬ϳһʬ壬Χ·˿һۣ뿪ϰΪ
ǻʳǵĽʿģ侳Ϊʮ˵ʮ򳤣ǿ侳Ϊٷ򳤣侳һΪǧ򳤣侳Ϊ򳤣Ҳǽͳ죬Ҹ˵ǰ侳Ϊڿ϶ǿˡע⵽˳ɵĿ⣬͵
Ѫ֮ʦѪ֮ʦ
ﺧȻ̲סһ֧Ƿǰʱܺɨ磬ɾǧŰҵ
Ѫ֮ʦĻҡҡͷֵܣʳǽҲԪһָľӣ㲻ҪˣԪֻµĸѣȽǿľӣȱȽǣһ֧ӣķµ฽֧ӵĴš
ŶȤ
֧ӣѪ¶֮ɫѪ֮УǿľӣǧһǾеľ񣬾˵ѪУģ侳ϵߣ
ǧĶ侳ߣﾪˣʲôӣǧ侳ɵľӣ
ó𺳵ģ˵ĻѪǧ侳֮⣬ѪԼѪѪǻ۱һͣʵ˵Ѫͳ˵Ѫʵǿ侳ߣ
ǧ侳ߣټǧɵľӡ
룬͸оͷƤ飬ľӣ֮˭ܵ侳ߣӲƴգ֮䣬¾ͽһ࣡
֧Ѫͳ죬ʲôѪʵͬʱ档
˵Ѫͳ죬ǺЩԨԴ˵Ѫͳˣǹ졯Ǽŵӣ֪Ϊʲô£뿪˼ţģһ̤㼫šզ˵ĸףҪӡ
ǹ񣿡Ŀһ
ԣǹ񡣾˵Ѫͳ츳ͨǺġǹͨһǹֱ֮ӱ侳ߣսϣһǹɨĪÿһǹӳܴʮоη
ܼ֮꣬һ棬һ¡̾Ѫͳ죬ǹ족֣ĵס
ֵܣֻҪͨʥԺΪʽӣո¶ͷǣպ棬ڻ£Ҫͳһ棬Ҳ¡ңһעźĿͳɡͬʱһ̾
֣պлͳ죬һ飬Ҳܼһ档΢Цŵơ
ˬʴЦˣҾֵˡ


62 
ңڻʳ֮УҲһݻĸۡռ˿ǵҸۡޱߡ
뼫ʥԺѡΣʮգʱ䣬ǸһˣסһҸۡΪļʥԺѡ׼һδ֮ˣҶϣͤ
ֵܣߣҴȥתתϣʮ·ɰﻵˣۿͤλȥкߡ
áڻʳǣҲúܡ
ʳ֮У㣬ﲻֵڻʳ棬·߿һ̯λޱȣһۿȥ˸оġ
ߣȥȾƣ˳Щ춼ЩˣʲôߡһЦóʻͳʳĵһ¥¥һµ֣¥¥㣬ޱȡ
үͳ¥ڣ߳һСˣк
ҵİᣬûռ߰ɣʡ
ү˵Цˣϰ˵ԪΨһѣİᣬԶֻӴһˡС˻֣̿漴˽˾¥ʱԿ¥һĴãˣޱȣϸһЩ۵ģʮպ󣬼ʥԺеѡΡ
˶¥ᣬλúܺã򿪴ܿ¥ſڵ龰Сˣɩ𣿡
С˹صүϰϰȥˡ
ң
һʳ֮УֻһҰɣңԪ󶥼֮һΨһһ壬˵Ԫҵʵ൱ڻ֮£Ҿ¥ϰ嵽ʲôͷѵ֮ˣ
ǵʳǵһ·ϣУԪҲһ˽⡣
ԪУʥԺĵλΪȻΣǻң֮󶥼ڣң棬һڣ᰽ڣңҡ
үʲôҪԸû£ҾȥΪ͹׼ƼˡС˹ͷʵ
ûˣȥ׼ɡһ֣С˳ȥ˳ִϷš
֮󣬳ʣ֣ʶ¥ϰ壿ղţǸС˵ϰȥˣϰ֮ˣ
΢Ц¥ϰ壬磬ѡҵĹϵֻ˵ǰˡ
ﲻ⡣
ֵܣҪ˵ײɣ磬ȢҵǧС㣬ҵŮǰˣЦ
Ȼô˵ϰˡ
ͷϰˣһǿ֮ˣлᣬҽɩӸʶţǻΪѵġ
ĻЩڴ
С˺ܿʹ˶ϼȡƣƷƣżȣž¥һڵޱȣϸһЩϢЩˣ⼸ջʳǷ¡
ҽսǣҲһŻ⣬Ҽλүһεľֵ÷зʳǵ˶ֻ֪ˣǻ֪Ϊļλүá
Ǵ̽Ϣĺõطһ̾
ţͻȻüͷһ壬Ϣ
˵ûУҵġС㡯ǰմڸϻһΣռȥһټμʮպʥԺѡΣ˵ǰͻƵ侳أ֮ǰʮŵλսλе
С㣬Ǻ͡С㡯ơԪ˫Ůӣʮ꣬һΪͲ侳أȻСһЩΪŮӣ̫ɫˣѷɫӡ
С츳ʮ֮󣬶ܳΪʥԺѧԱ

¥һãһ⣬˵עһ֮Уţҵǧ𣬼
ɫЩӲû뵽ᷢչزﰵͷ֮ˣһҸɩӲơԪ˫꣬ɩʮһͲ侳ˣʮ껹侳أʲôֵóƵģ
ͻȻ棬ӵС˵Σ٣ͲҪΪСˣûҿɲҷȥ죬ǴСˣСҲˣֻǣʱϰ
ôвңһŴ
᪣ɫһ䣬˭
С˵Ļһ䣬Ƭ̣ݵ᷿֮Уˣҽȥ𣿡
ߣͺһ⡣
о˲ԣ֣⻹ʶһμô󣬾ͺǼ˲ɹĳһ㡣
һɫˣһˣվ⣬˿ŵ¶ЦһΪҪͷڹأ겻ӴĲƸԴΪ϶չѸ٣ǰһսһΣ
˿ŭЦ᪣ҳϣ츳ʤңգֵڣҲƽϣڿʼͱˣСƣ룬ӦͽԸΪǧƽգɱƼү
ɫ䣬û뵽вһƼҵĵϵү츳ߣӵеĲƸԶ޷ȣģǧƽͽܻ֮ͣ侳ߣգ
츳ǱߣһΪҲ侳أ侳ߵϮɱʤ
ߣ᪵ͺһĿ⣬ߵĳϣ𣬡ףλǣ侳أԽԽȥˣ侳صķһȾơ
᪣͸ҷŸɾ㣬ֵܣĮ᪣£뿪ҵ˽˰ᣬӭ㡣
ֵܣ
ĿŹ֣ӵɨ˳һۣһʮˡ侳ߣ츳ֻһ㣬ķֵܣ㻹ҳ
ɫһоԼҲǹʶ᪣ɻΪԼĶԹǣȥвתĿԼԼô۸
ӴѿɫĿ⣬ЦˣСӣ츳ҲͱǿЩһ᪣ʮʱͲ侳ܺұȣ㻹Ƿ
᪣Ǽӵڱ˵ﶼ硣
˵Ƿǿ㡭ɸһսһЦɱ䡣
ʲô᪻ΪԼˣ侳صķս
ֵܣüͷһ壬Ըͻ᪵ĶԹ᪣ɲһߣɱɱ᪵ҶҪɵֵĻƼңƼңҲԪеһ壬ˣ᪸
ȻüڻУˣµ£ǡþ£ᪿһЦԣһ᪣Ӧս¥ſڣһսΣ


63 һȭϵ
һĵ񣬸ڻ᪺ͻ˵ĺ棬˷¥¥
үҪȥϰ壿¥ſڣСһֻͨϰ壬ֹһ־硣
Ǹˣүѣү̬ȿǹϵõѣ֮Ϊֵܡ
˿ҡҡͷкһţãˣûϷˡ
Сһһ⣬Ϸ
¥ſڣУַǷ¥һ¥ľƿͣһѷӿ˳ΧһȦмճһƬأ֮У˶ţһˣֻʮˡ꣬ᣬһˣʮ꣬Щϳⲻ޳ǻƼҵү𣿡
ԪУ֮˲٣޳ǻƼңһңԪеһ壬ķ
ǻ᪣Ҫ侳Ϊһսˣ˵ͷҾүѡ
侳ߣ˵һΣʳǣΪ˲ʥԺѡΣˣջˣȻӦ᪵ս
˵ˣս᪵ģ
ʲôһ侳ߣս侳ߣûëɣ

Χ۵ľƿͣвϻ۶Ĺˣ׷ۣǿʮˡʱ̲סҡͷ̾侳ضս侳أûκԻˣҪˡ
Сӣ治֪㣬һ侳صķң侳ߣȣʮǧ㲻Ҽŭɣһƫɱ㣬֮һڴʮ£֪ʲôǰûʸɫġ
¶Цмؿų
˵˵ˣ͸Ͻ֣Һֵľƻû꣬ûʱϹ߶˸Ƿ˵
Сӣۿһ侳ߣȻ᪴ŭһХ޷Զǰ壬似֣ɲǼ䣬͵˳ǰ
ȭ
һȭµХ಻ϵףΧ۵һЩˣ̲סǶ˵Ƽҵһ似ȭ߽似ȭף׶ķ
ŭ֣᪵ĺȭûκαЯ󣬺
ʱվԭأ˶ֳֻȭһգֱسȭ쳹գʵ޻һȭɢӭ˻᪵ĺȭ
֮ˣ֮⣬˶Ϊȭᱻ᪵ĺȭ飬һֱۣطɣ
䣡˫ȭһƽʵ޻ûж似һȭȥƲ
һߣЯ׳ĺȭɲǼ䣬ͱһȭˣŹ֮ۡĲҽУ·˺ѿ᪵壬Ӧ˳ȥ
ߵˣס˻᪣˲䣬ŭ֣󳤽ʣɫХֱӳһ˺ѳա
ɫ䣬û뵽ߵ˻֣ˣ侳еٮٮߣһ̺֮ġơѹó彩Ӳ޷ۿɫϮѵգԼҪ⣿
ֵܣɫ䣬Ȼǵʵﲻæ
ǧһ֮ʣ߿֮һεĻɫӡ£ɫ⣬ͬʱһӰվ˳ǰĻƼˣЦһ壬һ侳ߣԺ󱲳֣ΪǻƼҳ
ϣ
ġơ֧飬عϳλ־ˣˣǡ򻪡ߵػߣһ·ﶼûڿǶһˣҸϹˡ
򻪣һңǲӦøǻƼһ
򻪻ûڣ粽߽УЦһƼҵϼһɱ˵ӦֵԼսʱĶˣĶˣҲ֤ˣ¥˵ĻӦû˻ỳٰɣ
һͣ£Ҫƽȷʵ
ԭνһƼңСԼսˣϵľͰͲס֣Ҫһسӣ𲻸ҹһƼңֶΣҽǼʶˡǰһɫһղţͱɱԻ壬˿
СӣкʸǻƼңգҼүһۣգƼңʮҲ֪ȥң᪵ƺأҪʱƣһɨԹȥĻ᪣䣬ʧǰ
ֵܣû°ɣһǣ
û£Һûϼʱ֣ϣ֮סˡҡҡͷ￴򻪣оǸм
ҡͷһЦ漴Ͷ½˷¥
ۿڷ¥С˿·£˷¥¥ľƿҲŻص¥һ¥ãԼλӣֻǣǿеĻ⣬ΧŸղһս
ղһս˵Ԥϣһ侳ߣ似ûãôվԭأʵ޻һȭƵƼү᪵ĺȭϵһ۰̫ˣ
ղǸˣҲʮˡ꣬һ侳ߣ侳ߣ̫ˣʲôʱ侳Ҳô̬ˣһƿ뵽ղŵһĻЩţţһġ
侳أʲôЦ˵Ǹˣ϶ʲôֶΪʵ侳εģȻôܲ似˻᪵ĺȭ˻һۣ
ҲôãǸˣǰϻΪ侳أû᪴⣬Ȼһȭ˻᪣
侳ǸˣҲʮˡ꣬侳ߣǺε츳ܺǰʥԺѡλеһ᰽ڵλŵȣ
ˣһΣҾټʥԺѡεһҾүУǸˣλĳ룬һʥԺѡεİɣ
пܣһʥԺѡΣֿˡ

¥¥ػڰ⣬ǰƣƷżȣһ¥ô΢Цֵܣݣһͱǲ³ˡ
ҡͷһЦһȭ侳ΪĻ᪣ݱ³֡
ֻǣڽ黳ղŵһĻǻƼҵĻ֣ɲǼ䣬ͱΪ侳߽ߵġơˣһ̣оԼô׸ָо־壬ġ
ʵҵʵҪһҪٴδޣ״ƣĿ⣬ǰδмᶨϣԺԼƿصĸо̫ˣ
塭Ŀһ̹ǣպ壬һҪɱ統ɱϼҵϻһ㡣


64 ʳ
ֵܣһȭ˻һۣлȬ
գһȭ˻᪣Ҳúܣͻ᪱ͷǰƣӦ˻᪵Ķսˣɴ˰£һΣ衣
۰򣬾ǿӺãҲ޷ʩչ似ˡԼһȭжݣ
ʹ죬ʹ죡Ц˷ܵزﾴơ
ôһ֣¥յĻ⣬עΧŸղųͻ᪵һսֺ˼ƣ˵㶫뿪˷¥׼Ҹۡ
¥һ¥ۿԶȥƿ͵Ŀ⣬͸¶𾴣ʮˡˣһλ侳ߣ
ƼңΪԪһ壬ڻʳǣҲԼĸۡȻûҸۡ󣬵ҲСҸۡһ˱һϱ˻ַˣǻƼү塱ڼʥԺѡ֮ǰ˷ȥһۣ⣬ǷܳΪʥԺźܴӰ졣
ʥԺѡΣй涨м֮ˣ侳ΪȻһȡѡʸ
ĹأҲ֮飬м֮ˣϣƺܴȻǬ½мǿߣֻ죬ǱϾм֮ˣϵĳɾͣ˿á
壬ʲô˸ɵģ
׳˶ˣ̤ףŭĿüݣǻƼҶϣףף֮ʱӿʱűȥһ۵ķײȻŭվ·һŭĿա
ϣ幧ԻߣҲ֪ʲôˣֻ֪Ҿү֮ˣʮˡ꣬һ侳صΪ似ƾһȭͽүȫʩΪĺȭˣֻˣϵүһۣ
ϣүֱۣܽϣպ󣬿¡¡ٲˣƼԼҽʦһδ޳ǵʳҲһλҽʦʱҽʦףЩɡ
ʲôֱ˵
׵ըףҽʦɫףҳɣϣүֱۣܽϣպҲʩչ似ˡ
ɫһ䣬۵˵үֱۣˣ
ҽʦ̾˿ͷ
׵Ŀڻϣµϯֻ壬֮ǰ£һһʮ˵ֱ֪ӱ㣡
˿岻֮ǰ£һһʮ˵˳
žһƣȰ£ֱӽķɣײǽϣ̤ǰһ۶ſڵϵĻ壬˵Ǹսүûգս㲻ֹүӦսү۰һΣΣʥԺѡν޳ǺԼȥҷ
ǣǡ岻ҳɣסͷ
ϴҲίúܣ˭֪һʮˡ꣬侳صˣʵô£һȭͽү۰ˣûܷӦ
ϣ£ѵôˣƬ̣̲סʡ
ߣʱ䣬ʵһ㣬û´˵ǸˣӦþҾүߣ룬ʥԺѡ֮ǰƼǲ˵ģܼʱ֣żȻ
˿˼ȴϸúܡ
¥Ϣĵطŷ¥ľƿɢȥշ¥ſڷһսҲ쫷ϯʳǣʳȻСһʮʮ١ٴǧ£ܿʹݵ˻ʳÿһ䡣
˶֪һΣҾټ֮Уһˣʮˡ꣬侳ߣ似ͨʵ޻һȭͽ侳ΪȫʩΪĻƼү᪸ˣ
᪣һʱ֮䣬ΪʳǼЦΪ˳ĵʯ
һڻʳǵĸۡҪݻۡУһľµĸиͤڣ绪ľɫŮӸų٣Ȼݶ˹
֮УְŵŮһ࣬һӢεӣվŵӣĵתسһ
ɲǼ䣬ͬʱȻֹ
ϰ壬ϰ⣬һǫ
ǰŵӵһЦú֮˹
̤֮һСˣ϶ϳСˣڷ¥дǸСˡ
ǣǾ¥﷢ʲô£Сˡ
ϰ壬үˣһλʮˡˣƼүҲˣүİ⣬үС˽շ¥£һһʮԼϰ塣
ˣ֪ˣȥɡӵ˵ͷ֣СӦ뿪
£ΣӿŮӣ΢Цʡ
ǸˣСҵˣС۹ɲܱ֮ͣΪֵܣˣ򵥣ʮˡ꣬似ƽƽһȭ侳ߣӦ侳ߣΪŮ˵
ҵǾãԭ˵ʵҶˣЩȤˣʮպ󣬼ʥԺѡΣȥմ֡һ⣬Ů˵
ȥұȥŮᣬһ򳪸ģ
Ҹۡ
𣿡
ľԺ׵ŮǰĿ⸴ӣһΪ侳ߣֶΣֻ侳ءӦò˶侳ļޣ侳ʮء
ֻǣûһעֹڴˣһΣҾټμʥԺѡΣչֳʵպһΪ޴ҪʥԺ̭Ǻοࣿ
ʥԺѧԱÿһ궼Ҫвԣʵԭ̤ʥԺ̭ȥ
̾˿ȷţѡǶԵģԹ޻ڡ
֣ջ󣬳ͰԼ˷ƴףջ֣һߣԳԣһĴڣ˴߶ǰĶ
ҪٴδޣһԼĵ·
ֵܣţɹġУΡ
Уڴϣͷֳֶ߲ͨ£ֲԪ˷۶ԴԴϵӿ߲֮У壬ϴϴ裬ʱٶȣоͨĻ£ּӿһ
Ԫ壬ﲽ侳޵壬ܿͲ󸺺ɣʹӻ¿ʼӣµԪ·˺ѳ塣
ԪӿڣһԪ磬ûãϵ۱׷飬㡣壬ѣһͷ趯
֣סԪϯ壬ﶨᱻԪˣȻӿڵԪʹޱȣʱĳ¡

Ҳ̲סһȣһԪɢ
ɫ¶Цһǰ̫ˣһΣһ侳ǴΣͲһȫͬն


65 ӡ
ʥԺѡΣٰһΣÿһΣֻʮѧԱҲãʥԺеѧԱеţиѧԱڼʥԺڼ䣬չֳ츳ͨ㿼飬Ϊ˼ʥԺļŵʽӡ
ţеĶţһ뼫ţǰ;һƬ
뼫ʥԺѧϰٵ·һ޷ͨÿһʥԺضĲԣȥѧ꣬ΪŵӣҵڼʥԺ䣬ͨ飬Ϊʽӣ뿪Ԫš
ʳǱߣһƬĽȺеԪŨ̶ȣԶطǡʥԺ
һֱƶ˵ľʥԺУһޣһ֮Ϊ֮֮ߵʣ֮ҲǼʥԺѡѧԱԼмʥԺѧԱλһ
˵ʥԺѡΣҡһټ֮ˣԽһ㣬棬иֿ飬ⷽ۵µŨԪŨԪѹ£п飬츳ߣ˶á
ʱʮˣֱӳΪʥԺһѧԱ
ʥԺ֮⣬ﲻųһ죬ǼʥԺѡεӣַǷʥԺ֮ǽѡΣǽѧԱսλһϵˣֻһֻҪܱݣܽȥۿ
һһӰиˣڳͬ£ʥԺſڵݣ˼ʥԺۻңԪһټ߼ʮԪУ󶥼Ÿһ
УͬҴ󲿶ӣʥԺȥܿ죬Ƶľͳڳǰ
֮ǰʹУ˵һЩʥԺ֮Ĵţ֪֮ǽѡεĵطʮλǶսгλǽ֮ɱ¾ޣʵֶΣλ
֮Ԫڣƾãɣ֮У
أ֮֮ǰۣ˷׷׵ͻȻоڿԼתͷȥ̲ͫסһԶָߵ׳˶˵ʲô׳˶ĿɨóԴĵɵӻ׳˶𾴵̬ȿԿ׳˶ˣݲУʵΪ¡
ǻƼҶϻףһΪ侳أֻһܲ侳Ҳע⵽˳Ŀ˵
侳أһ
ܿ죬״ŻƼһһУΪ׵ĶͤҲע⵽ˣ粽ӭȥ׳ϡ
ͤϣ겻ΪӾ˲١׹һЦͤ˵
Ȼȴܷ֣Ȼ濴ƽͣϵȴԴԴн棬ֱ޹˲Ű֣׵ĿڳϣһЦͤϣһλƼҶǰ֮ϯ־ڱصðȻҵ֮ţûĳʡ
ͤһЦ׳ϣǻƼү᪣Ҳء
ʮǰ¥ſڷǼ£ͤȻ֪
ͤҲ̫⣬һΣƼҾټ֮ˣҪλǰɲס
Ȼɫһüͷһ壬ͺһŻƼҵ̤뿪ƼҵˣʱĿ֮УԼżɷó̲סһƼҺңƺǻ᪺ìܣ壬񡭡
ңƼ𣬶ʮǰҵүү˻ƼУʮǰƼϼһȱСĻΪеɻ
ţͻȻʶأһƫͷĿ⣬Զһ׵ٻӰϡ
ʱԶŮӣҲעųȻŮʶƲͷȥٿһĻó˫ȭʶսɬ飬ǲмأǣҶһۣƺԸء
ע⵽˳Ŀĳļֵ̾ܣֵ
˿˵ͷ˫ȴ̲סЩ졣
ڵҲˡĿ⣬Զ
Ҳ˹ȥͼҪȺУʦֵӰܿ죬ʧˣһΣֻˣΪˣˣһ˵ĳ֣óɫһɱ˸٣
˵У֮ˣϼϱ֮⣬ֻʣˣڴϣ٣
٣ǰ̨ϣͼɱͽϼʱ֣֮⣬ɼԣȥ֮ͱˣסȥڣš
Уŭ
գ⼫ʥԺ֮Уˣȹȥ¼Ҫ࣬һϤףʱ˿̣ȴаζ¡
٣ҲоһĿ⣬ûȥһߴתעںҵˣˡ
Զ̤һΪ֮ˣһ¾װһӣͬʮˣһߣΪ֮ˣһ˫ɾ°еӢŮķ绪Ҳʮˡ
һۿȥЩ𾪣Ůӣòʤ֣һ֣°貣ڳŮӣ˲Ȼʧɫ
Ůӱ۰вŮò֮ϡ
ַ֣ܿһ˫Ůʮкһ󣬾ʹŮһ˵˽ǰһ硱ɩӡȻԭǰһ˫ŮǷ¥ϰϰ绪ŮӣҼ飬һһˣҶࡣ
Ҷ࣬ͼΪԪ˫ֻǣʱڳ￴ԶȲ
С򣬲ǽܽܣҶ΢ڳϣ΢Ц
ɩӣֵܣһЦܸҶֶ࣬ԳֵܣɩӣҶࡣҴ磬
ãɩӺáԶ
ãáӽֶһˡһЦЦ֮Χȴһ˵Ҷ
ˣɰޣҶɫŮѡеˣ磬Ϊ溺ӣ
Цڳ֮˵ע⣬ɲǼ䣬˵Ŀ⣬˳ϣ¥ϰ塰Ҿү֮һѣ
û֪ֻ֪뵽ȥСһͬҪСף֮ˣȻܴӦǶ֪ףܽһɫӵܣô޳ȥ
Ȼһʱ䣬ҵ̬ȣ˸츲صĴ仯ҴС㡰Ҷࡱ޸ӡ


66 ѡοʼ
Ȼû֪һ췢ʲô
ǣҶ࣬ΪҴС㣬ԪǧѳľˣԪУ׷
УһӣҾŮ޳ȥһֻûһЭ̸ף
ҶǰһգҴȥڣҪȥѵҶࡣ
Ȼһ侳ΪĴӣͨջ似ûüʩչͱ˳ȥˣ
һ̣˶֪һλ侳ǿߡ
ӣԪңʵĶӣӱˣ¹ػ棬£Ȼܾôˡ
Ȼڻ׼֮ǰǹƥзʲôֻͻ֮
ֻ֪ڶգҶ飬Ԫʵۣǰ֤飬Ϊڼƻеľ¥Ϊ¥ͬʱʳģһػ
ǿأҶۺ죬һֱڻУһΣʵԽǿأ͸
Ǹʱ˶֪򵥣һ侳Ϊ֮⣬ıƺҲΪˣȻԪңôӱˣô֮
ֻˣʵۻΪҶ飬ͳһмеĵأУΪ֮⣡
ڻʳǣԪǼΪԪУֻҪϵ̨֪
󣬸֮ˣٲ˰ͽᡣ
ȻЩˣмһˡ
ΨǰȻҾүһһҹԪһѣҲΨһѡ
һκûãƼүƣӦ˻᪷ĶսһսΪ֮սɱҲû˵
ȻΪһ仰᪱ŵòɱ֡
ѣˣˣˣϣҵѣպŬսһúˣҵɱ֣Ī飬ţ
Ļ̣һ֮䣬ʳǣ˸С
ǵ˻Ƽң֪˵һ仰ƨҷһ
Ҳ˵ֻӣһһˣҶ࣬ͲǻƼǵġ
׿ڳϣѣΧ˵Ŀ⣬żּʡĽ
ǿһ仰룬ԪΧڣû˸ڹĳУɱ
ɶһ㱣

ڷ˳ɫһɱ˸
ߵˣڶϣĿ⣬ޱȡ
֮ǰ̨ϣչֳ츳Уһš
˭֪ϲûȥǿƽ٣׻ٵ˳ٵڵϣ
û뵽ңƺǱҾټ뼫ʥԺѡΣǱԪУݼġΪѡ
仰ԪУǻңҲҹȥ
վڼȺ֮УһĻĿ⸴ӡ
ϣպûǰ̿ԣɽգܱѣԪУעû˸СĿ⣬ϡ
Ҷ࣬Ԫ˫
ȴף˽£ûΪȵҶࡣ
Ҷֻ࣬츳ߣòʤ֣Ҳһλʵ¡ֲ
˵ʣǼٵģУֹһΣơ褣ͷ
ҵˣ
ͻȻΧ˵ľ˵Ŀ⣬ӳתƵԶ
Զ۵ˣŶʮ˺ƺƵңڼʥԺѡʱټ֮ˣûƣһΣ˶ʮߡ
ҵҲˣѡΣܿҪʼˣССҺ͸ȹȥˡҶԳһЦҲ΢Цͷһ˫ɾ£߻һξټʮ֮С
Ҷԣҵһ̲ס̧ͷԺˣ
֮Ͽգһ˷£ڳ֮ˣؿΪˣˣǼʥԺĸԺס
ʥԺ˵滹һλԺ
Ժʮδ˵˼ײβ
ƽʱʥԺеĴС񣬶λԺ׸𣬷ױһλ侳ǿߣټʥԺԺݣɴ˼ʥԺ棬ǿļš
ԪȻǻ֮ˣԷ֮ʱҪһˡ
״žŸ˳֣ŸˣͳһķΣǰһػգɷƿš䡱֣֮£ƿһССġʦ֣ǼʥԺеʦ
λһεʥԺѡΣٶȿʼټ֮ˣǰԺһû˵̫ϻֱ⡣
ʱڳټ֮ˣ̤
һֱټˣֱټʮˣټϻҾټĶʮˣһβ뼫ʥԺѡ֮ˣаʮˣʮߣֻʮˣܳΪʥԺѧԱ
棬ǻʮλټ֮ˣűƣʱÿһˣͬľλԱֱ֮еľŲ㷿䣬ǼʥԺѡõʮˣΪǼʥԺһյѧԱһ£λԱ粽Ϊʮ˷űơ
õʮߺơ
ܿ죬һŵźţֱͬλԱ˾Ų֮һһ㣬ܿ죬һŲ֮ĴڣһƬ磬ͬʱǾŵӰиԱһ¯λԱֱһ㣬һ㡣
˶ܿǿʼʱˣ̲ס̧ͷ֮֮һУԶôİ˵ѡʱ֮ÿһ䣬Ϊµѹֱܲˣ䡣
ʱţˣĿת֮һ㵽Ų㡣
žһӺ֮֮ϴֻ㴰ڵİ磬˲𣬻һƬڰͬʱŷľŸ¯¯һ㱻ԱϨ𣬽ԱĿ⵭Ȼʼ¼ţһӡ
ֻͣһӣͱȥˣ̫ˣˣҲ˼ʥԺѡΣǶ˶ˡʱΧ۵Ⱥ֮УһЩ̲סЦ׷׶űʾġ
Χ۵ȺЦȴ֮ʮλߣڣûһЦó󲿷˫ȭգĳǶ֪ǽ֮ķ䣬ֶܼá
֮棬Ӱһǰһ߳һǷϣŽԱ˳һӣ⣬ǣǵһ֮Уһ̭ģˣ
ʮţԱվ֮ſڣе
ʱһ׳˶꺺̤ǰŽԱ֮㣬㴰ڰ֮֮ǰϨ˵¯һĽԱµһʼ¼ʮ֮㷿ʱ䡣


67 ֮
뿪֮ʮŽȥһӹȥ½½֮һ㴰ڣаӶڰ
֮ĽԱ½½߳˳˽ȥľŸԱǲͣؼ¼ţһβʥԺѡ֮˵ĳɼȰʮ˴֮󣬱ͳһյĽ
ʱʮˣͨѡΣΪʥԺһ
ܿ죬ֵʮţʮţֵҾټ֮ˣǸ꣬үټ֮ˣ粽˵Цʮţ⸱ӹǣ·ܱ紵ҲʥԺѡΣƣһӶȥҲ£ĳɼǸţҪ
ǰֳ֮֮ˣжʮˣУԡšĳɼţֻһӣΪ˵Ц
ڣû˿ټģˡ
ȻȴΪ̺꣬ǿţ־Ϊͣһӡ
Ϊֹɼõģʮţ˰ʱĿ⣬ԶʮţǻƼټ֮ˣһˣƼҾټУ᪣Ȼ᪱һ۰򣬳ʧȥ˲ʥԺѡεʸ
ʱ൱ǰһСʱĿӡ
ﻹһ⣬Ҳ֪ǼʥԺĽԱ⻹⣬ڡҺͻ֮ˣŵһټʮˣǰ档
֮ˣҶ֮ͤ£λүվһ࣬ͤɫһû뵽ƼҾôһţȻ֮˰ʱ츳𾪣ǰ᰽ڵλţҲһʱѣһѡεĵڶ˰ʱ
ʥԺѡΣ֮ϰʱǲɶõš
֮Ŀ飬֮ΪǶ츳Ŀ飬Ԫٶȣ־ȵȣϰʱ֮ˣպ󣬶ԪԪٸ߲㣬ҲǴӼʥԺġ
Уģڵĵ˾٣ڼʥԺѧϰ꣬˳ҵѧԱ˵ڼʥԺĲ㿼У˾ֻһ㣬ܳΪŵʽӡ
˾٣ڼʥԺѡʱ֮棬Ҳʹ˰ʱһЩ
ѹ֣ղŻ׷ųǰԣԭƾ衣һ̾Ŀ⸴ӣųıӰȻԳģǷϰʱҲûףֻ֮нȥ˲֪Щ˳ûܾ彫ݳΪ졣
ϾţʲôһΣΪһء䣬ż⡣
žʱ֮ڶİ磬˲𣬻ڰʮһţɼҲˣܿ죬ʮһţһλԱĴ£뿪֮ԱԶ߰ʮߺţ
ʮߺţ
һ𣬡ˡ
粽Ӱ˵עֻʮˡˣһΪ˿ֻ侳أҪǣʥԺѡοʼ֮ǰ¥ϰ壬ԣӽˣѣ
Ҳǰʮټ֮УΪһ粽ɲǼ䣬ͳΪ˳жһ޶Ľ㣬ǼʥԺĸԺףʱĿ֮УҲż־졣
ˣ֮ˣһ侳صΪʮǰڷ¥ſڣϵ˻Ƽүһ֮ˣ
ôû뵽ģкʱվߣԭϵһ۰ˣ˵ˣȻһΪУֻ侳أʵΪ侳֮ϣ
ʮˡ꣬侳Ϊˣ츳ѹܵõ¥ϰĿء

ڳ֮ˣ۷׷ףڼУ̶񣬼ˣóһ츳˫Ȼ֪ˣպһΪעֹڴˣ޴ػЩĪأ
ֵܣͣ˫ȭգų֮
ߣɣܵ⣬һˣȻ˹ʺˣ侳ޣպһԭ̤ûãʱ֤һǽİĿĳڴϷһм˫׹¶
磬ãС϶ãҶһ΢Цߵɷ
һЦǰǸ
Ҷһû뵽ɷôóǰĳ磬᰽츳Ľޣѡʱ֮һʱ𾪸֮ƾ˫֮棬նɱޣǰʮʥԺѧԱУλеһ
ڣɷ򣬾Ϊȳ绹Ҫ
ûз֣λʶѣݼ䣬ǰĳΪơֵ
ˣҶϸһ䣬Ȼ֣̲סһ磬СǰǸ磬ǣǡ
һЦһ㣬ô֪
ŽԱֻ߽֮оǰһƬڰϡԴӰĹУǰϲ¥ݣɭգݷవҹޣųóоëȻ̫֮ˡ
ȥɡ֮㣬Աɫ䣬صʯƿóȥ
˿߽ʯţȥ󣬳﷢֣ԼһƵĿռ䣬ʯűرգﺧȻ֣ǰռȻָоԳԣΪϤ
ų۶ϤĸоȻ򣬡ˣԪЩԪֻǣԪоþ߲ͨ⣬ĻҪŨҷϴ徭ϴ裬ϾͨİʱյԪҲԶûۣ
֮ԪʲôֶΣ۵ȳ̶ȵģԪ߶ԣΪһǧ츳Щֻ޷
ЩԪԶûƽʱʱյԪƺűĶԪԽԽ࣬ҲգʱһᱻЩԪֱӼѹȥǰԪ۵ٶȣҪãռ䡣
ɬΪΣһΪ侳ޣƽʱԪһ󸺺ɡ
ǰϻۡռԪȴҪǿȻһʱ䶼ͻԪѹúȥʱΪһŵĳɼҪˣһʱ䶼


68 ʱ
֮⣬ԳȥˣĿתض֮㣬Ƕ֪ʮˡߣ϶á
һӰڼʥԺԱĴ£֮߳ʮţүټ꣬Ҳˣ֮棬˽ӣ֮ǰЩСˣױ죬Ϊ磬ֻҪʵ֤Լ˵Ҷ
ʣµˣү򵶣үټʮүټ֮꣬̽
򵶣֮棬˽Ӿͳˣɼүټ൱Ӳųϴγﵱͷȣ־Ϊˣ꣬˰ʱųҲĿǰΪֹƼҾټˣɼ൱֮ˡ
Ȼ˶֪Һúô֮ĳǸʮˡˣɼõģĿǰΪֹ棬˰ʱӣٴһӣһʱˣʱĳɼԺǰ᰽ڵλŽȣ
Ƽ֮ˣһɫرǶϻףʱһɸ֣ڹϣ˵ֱӾͶֳˡ
ױΪһΣԼ߿ѹǱߣ˭֪Ҳֻһɼ츳֮൱꣬һΪˣǸˣڻ֮棬ûг
ˣҲǷǻƼү֮ˡ
С츳ôߡһ
ߣ׺ըףǸˣӣչֳô츳᪱ϵ£ǷӦѾܾˣ˾ϣλȥ֮󣬽һü
һУ֮ģǼҵˣȥ֮ǰĿ⸴ӵؿ֮һۣ֮
֮棬˰ʱͳˡ
ʱط֣˵Ŀ⣬֮㣬̲סȥ֮㣬ɣٿȺһӰУ̲סһ棿
Ҿټˣѹʮˡ֮䲽侳ʱ䣬һʱ˰ɣ
ͳˣϾһʱˡ
ջصȺ͵õ˼˵ĺϲȻܿ죬ҵҲ׷׿֮Ķ㣬ͣ̾Ϊ磬츳֮ˣպϵĳɾͼߣ˾η
ĸ궯ϰοԼ츳Ǹߣɾ츳ٸߣûһֹֻ侳ޣܻ侳ߣҲ޷侳߱ȡһΪд
ţȻȷţԼյѡǶԵġ
ʱţ֮棬һ˷һʱˣ찡ҾټǸˣһʱˣԪʷϣֹ𣿡
һʱҲ̫˰ɣ᲻ʲô֮˰ɣ
ͣô˵֪㲻˽֮֮ķ䣬˻ԣʧȥʶᱻֱӺ䣬֮ķ磬˵Ǹ˻ڼ֡

˷ͷڴϷɫһһھټˣɼõģҲӣȻΪʥԺɸĳɼһȣͲ̫ࡣ
ԱߵĶϣ̲סһ֮̾ǸˣڵŵӣӦñھټʥԺѡΣ˭֪컯ŪˣⱾڵҫ׳ҵġ
ֵܣģ˫ȭգҲ̲ס
֮ˣɫ֮⣬˶ܸˣүʮү϶Цݣҵҫû֣ΧˣǵʱĿԶżĽͼ
ָоǻǵһᣬҪһݣǾǡ
ˬ
һδҾټĶʮǰĽ꣬дھټʮǰĺˣ̲סݣһʱˣҾټǸˣڻûǺε츳츳ǷУ¶Ǿž޵Ĵڰɣ
ţܱǻչ鼺Уպǻҽһλǿߡˣ˾ϣϧһдۣȡ֮ڵˣҡ
һ뷨ģкˣ˫۷ôܽˣյ¡
Ԫ֮ˣ֮ˣȫ
缾Ǽҵϵӵܣ԰ڣǷ񼾼֮ˣ˿ͻһ֮ˣ磬ڵӣȴǲٰţһˣǾζűţ⵽Žɱ
һʱ
ʥԺĸԺף̲סΪʥԺԺԼʥԺʷκ˶ɼڼʥԺԺ֮ǧʷ֮УŽǰǰ˳ɼ֮ˣ뿪ԪΪʢ֮ȥˡ
Ǭ½ޱߣ˵ԪĸǬ½ͼУҲֻһС֮أֵһᣡ
ʥԺѡΣڼȻҡںͻټ֮ˣһˣ֮ʱ䳬˰ʱûȥǣ˵Ŀ⣬֮㣬֮㣬ǣڳ˵ģ
ʱţһ˴֮֮߳˲㣬һƬڰ֮ĴڣһƬ磬ˣڻûг˼
һ¯ĽԱľص˵㣬һ㣬һʱǸˣʮߺţ֮ʱ䣬Ѿʱ
֮֮ˣЩľˣûһ˿˯Ǿ񿺷ܣȴţÿһӣǵľ̲סһ£Ҳ˵֮ˣܴļ¼ԪΧڣǧţΪ֮˳̣ܼ֤Ҫʱ̣ǿҡ
ʱˣڣǸˣûҪ˼
磬С𾪡Ҷ绪ݼ䣬żָ̾Ϊ츳е𺳡
ҲȣұΪܴʱͲˣû뵽ҡҡͷǰĽϡ
ǳ˷ͷ
ۿһˣڳԪ֮𾪣뵽Ǳ̨ɱ״ʯֻоؿһŻȼգ޲ý֮ϳֱӴɱ
֮ĳȴ֪ԼƬռʱڵŨµԪͷ߲֮ͨ⣬ƱѪͨ趯ӴžͨһѪɫƬ߲ĳ£ԡ
ڳУɵͨ۳ͣϵתţΧŨԪŤת
ٿ˫۽գ·ʶ״̬


69 ̤侳
֪ʱ˫ۣ˫ҹеǳ˲乤ΧԪȫӿ˾߲֮ͨУڡ
߽׹ˡǣź嫵Ԫתţ͸˳ڵľﱻٵµԪХ䣬ưܲ˲飬ɲǣ嫵ԪһǱǣ󣬾Ȼʼڱ֮۳һµġ
΢񣬿ڵľһĻ˿֪ԼɹˣԾɻ£ƶ
µ𱻷ΪͣΪԴԴڵŨµԪһֲֿٶȣµɲǼ䣬ֶ£ŨԪͬһ֣֮С
侳߿һĻһ۾ܱϳڳͬԪģ侳еġ
֮㣬ٴƾ͵־˶侳ļޣ侳֮󣬲侳Ҳ侳ֱͨ侳
ֻǣ𣬳ŨµԪİ£侳һ޴ӿҪʧɲǣ﷢֣֮۳סȱڣԪͳ𴦶飬ȱڵȴֺû̩ɽ
壬ϣϢϢأǰ£Ժһ뷨޷ܺưܲȫµ
ｫһижϲط֣Լɹˣƶ۶ɵԪĺһ𣬽أµһУôȻóﲻò̾档
ȫµ˵һֿ١ģѰߵҪ͵ö࣬ö࣡Ѱ侳ߣԪٶתƬ֮䣬¾ͱƥˡ
ȫµȻ͡ҲмޣоĳҪʱͣԼĶͨһ𣬾ǿʼΧԪͨųһΪ侳ںԪӿ£Ҳʼżɱ䡣
׼ȥ۲ͨı仯ɲǼ䣬һǰһΣһ׵ٻӰڲԶ۾ϣֳǵ΢Цһ˫͸¶޾ᣬ΢΢죬ʵ𣿡
㡣һȻ͵־ڲһжõģɲ֪أһ̣ȴЩԸʧ֮Уָоܣֺ
ǻȥԺȾǹͬļң𣿡ڣջų
̾˿һ˫ãӣȻһ䣬͸¶˵Ĺ⻪ʵ޻һȭ嫵ȭ˲佫飬㣬Щ£ȥˣǹȥˣأ֮䣬עԵ޷ݡ
УԼһ˿ǣңһȭױ飬ӽǼɡ
ѹ֣ѹ֮ǰҾͷ֣֮ŨԪû뵽л̺šħ˫һ˵֮·һ̶ʱҪԸħΨһ·նħ֤ܵΪ춯صǿߡ
ħһ飬֮·谭ͨ裡
ͨɱˣ
ʶ̧ͷͷľͨʱȻط֣ھͨ㣬ȻһɫķƣЩƻһ𣬻һ⣬žͨתţͨһ߲һӳԡ
һΣͻƵ侳ΪͨȻڶ㣡
ͨһ߲⣬ٶȣ似ٶȣ졣ڶģŽɫƵĽ⣬ֻʲôϲأ
ȥоͨĿ⣬Ѫͨ棬ʱѪͨʱˣ⻹Ѫͨ
޴ף·ͨѪɫƬ֮ǰ˲٣ͷһ˫ֵĽǣϡԱϳЩ¹ǣӴ壬ִһȦ쳤һĸСֻצĳΣÿһֻצצӡ
Ѫͨ߷ԣ˳ǰڣ˵еצƾеһݼ䣬֪磬ҲǬ½УһЩǿߣǵ츳ͨǡͨ
ѪͨǻѪ̲ͨס̾
󣬳Ŀ⣬˷ɵͨϣɵͨ濴ûзκα仯ɵｫʱȴܲһѪĸоֶ̧𣬷ɵͨһţظоɵͨٶȣˡ
֮УֲԪŨ£޷ԪĳڶסŨԪݺݵغ˷䡣
أͬʱסΣȵ֮ſڡ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ſڵĽԱ㶵ؿóЩ˼ͬʱʣԱ˶೤ʱˣ
ԱĿŹ֣ӲϣѵüЦݣʱ
ʱ
ɵˣԼ棬ʱ
֮⣬ۿյһ룬֮㴰ڵİ磬ڻڰڳŵģ׷£֮λˣĳɼҲˣʱʱ˼ʥԺѡεļ¼
ڽԱʱ֣˵Ŀ⣬ϣܲһЩ̽Ϊ侳ණ˼֡
һЩ侳ΪߣȻˣȻ侳ߣûԼһΪ侳أ
ʮˡ꣬侳أĳɾͣǰʥԺѡλеһ֮ˣ᰽ڵλŽޡ
ߣΧڲϵɨ̽Ϊɫһͺըס
ܱģȻ侳ͽߣһЩˣûü̽Ϊһ̺ĵͺߣһһѪӿЩ˷׷׾ֵؿ˳һۣˣ̫ˡ
Ժˣ׼ǱȥͿʥԺԺҵ΢Ц
ʮߺţʲô΢Цʡ
ص
Щ죬Ҳճ˵ҲɣǰǼʥԺһѡΣλеһ֮ˣҲճг硣
˵΢Ц磬硣
侳ءܡܡСӸˣôܲ侳ôܣ
Զ㶵ڶߣϷɫ䣬һ˼顣


70 ͨ
֮ǰڳ֮ˣ֪ϸģҲֻڵˣҼˣ֪ȥﾭʲô֪ϻڵĵϡ
侳أ侳ء찡ڣֽһţ
ڶϵ嶼ڲһԱһŵĴϷ٣˫۷·ǷԵţϣҲڽţ
һУǷٵĴ
ھ֮ţ츳ǿ֮ˣȻһϣˣΪһˣųزˣȻգ츳侳صΪ֤Լ
Σƾǿ츳־һ侳̤侳
Ƿðһ£꼸ꣿʥԺԺףԳʱһºͣޱȣ츳ֵ˶Դ
ԺˣĸǰҸչʮաûʲôģʵ˵
ĸǰչʮգ
Ҳ˵ڣֻʮ꣬ٹ˸£ʮ꣡
㷽׳ţ棬Ҳɶݣʮ꣬侳ء츳ǷһΪɫġӡ츳УƺҲֻһ֮⣡ҪǣԪˣӵԶȲӡ
̲ס룬Ǹóɳεȵز
Ȼ󣬵ڳ֮ˣ˵ǿߣ˳ﻰеݣʱЩǿߵɫ𺧣ʮ꣬侳ߡʮߺš츳ǰ᰽ڵǸŽޣҪ
᰽ڵţʮ꣬侳أʮ꣬侳ءǿԳ츳ʮǰ̤侳أ
ڶ϶Ҫˣʮ侳ߣǵϵĵϻһһˣźϻӴԴ侳ʱҲʮˣɴ˿ɼ츳ԶȲϳ
ڣʲô£
ʮ꣬һΪ̤侳أֻϧҽȵˡһδͷ֮ˣǼҵĶϣ٣侳ߣԶĳ̲ס̾˿
ٵڼУըף
侳أ
ϡ٣м뺧Ȼղ˵˵侳ߣ
šٵ˵ͷ漴οС㣬츳ҲţûҪԼȥȣҴպĳɾͣעԪҪȥ߳ƵպڿҪ뿪Ǭ½Ϊʢ֮ȥ
ûҪԼȣҴ
ģ̲סһ¶ɬԶʥԺԺ̸ЦĳһΣʶˣ
С˳עʧȥһ͵Ե
䲻գɵĻ߲ϻص
֪ʱ˫գҰɵ仰ڴʱǺεȷգۿϣΪͳﲻһˣԶ䲻ڣ֮䣬û˻Ϊֻã䲻ϳ
һ֮ıһ
ֵܣͻƵ侳ˣۿʥԺԺ״һк߻ӭȥһϲ
ţͻˡһЦλ֣գһжϣգҲԷˡ
ãáЩϲ
֮ͤˣһĿ⸴ӵؿųǰȻǶΪֶΪȴҲΪôߣ˵һΪ侳أǸոͻƣҲ˵ڽ֮ǰ侳ˣ
ԭΪܺһȣڿñˡʮүƽټ֪꣬ʱ˳ǰ¶ƵЦݣãҽ
꣬ᣬһΪ侳ԼİȻգ츳Ϊĳķڷ
ҲͷһЦ
֮ǰʥԺԺףӹ˽ԱͳƳĳɼ漴㿪ʼʥԺһѡΣͨʮˡ
ʮˣͨˣү򵶺ĳɼȻǱ̭ˣϾһİʮˣߡ
˿ûκƺôȣ־Ӱֺү򵶣Ŀ˸£ͤкһһ뿪˼ʥԺҸۡȥˣʱ޷
ʼʮλλ飬ڣǻźţһſʼһ֮ʮ㷿䣬棬޳ǣȻ֮ǽ棬൱ڽξռ䣬汻ɱˣҲıɱǱˣڱɱһɲǣᱻ䡣
żʥԺԺ׻һ䣬󾪣ξռ䣿汻ɱҲ֮ǺһУΪ˲˼顣
֮Աߣ֮ʯظλҲˣǿϣǼʥԺѧԱһǰʮˣʥԺһѡεǰһѧԱҲҵˣϳڣ֮ˣһѧԱļ¼׼˵
ʮʥԺĿ⣬Լͬǿʯ֮ϣʯ֮棬ճһ룬ʮ˵֣Ŀ⣬ɲǼеһ֮˵ϡ
һ磡
磡
мĸ磬ǼʥԺѧԱеĵһˣΪ׵ܵܣΪ֮е٣ҲΪ޲ǰĶ
ţԱʼ˷µıƣǷ׹⽻еıƣʮţ
ʮλѧԱõʱ׼˵ʮλܴǼʥԺѧԱλǰ壬ǰУʥԺһöͨͨΪѵãλԴһλ顣
ͨ
һ仰ڳʶ̲֮סɫ䣬ͨ侳еġʥ˵һöͨ侳Сͽ׵ߣڶʱڣΪͻһΣͨ˵Ԫ֮УǼΪϡĶ
ԪңڹȥҲֻõö̶ͨͨȣ֪
ʥԺһλѪȻóһöͨҪѡλʱλʥԺǰ壬ȵ컹ѣǰĳ磬᰽ھ˫ŽޣѡλʱҲλʥԺʮλ


71 
ʥԺѡΣһΣÿһ켫ʥԺѡγѧԱԪΧڣԵţЩˣʥԺص֪꣬
ǰ᰽λŽ޵츳ֻʤͬһʮλѧԱʤǰһʮλѧԱǰһʮλѧԱһЩʮˣʥԺǵʵ˼Ϊµĵز
У侳ء侳ߡ
ǰ᰽λŽޣɱܰʮѾ𾪣գʥԺԺףȻóͨΪû˻Ϊɱǰ壬ʮλѡеѧԱǿģҲټ֮ˣһλʮˡһΪ侳ء
侳أ֮ǰλ᰽ŽޣҪһΣٸ꣬ڳ֮ɱǰ壬ڣǲܵ£λҾټľ֮ţϾ̫ˡ
һţŽԱڣһ˿粽ǻƼһͨѡεУɼõˣ֮ǰ֮棬ʱ
Ա֮ʮ㣬ܿ죬ʮĴһƬ磬ͬʱһʥԺĽԱǰȼһ㣬һ㣬һ룬֮ʮĴڣ˲仯ڰͬʱ֮һϣ˱仯ԭֻʮ֣ڣʮһһ׺֣꣬λʮһδܳǰ
ǰɲǰѡʱһǰĿЩΪ֮ˣ侳ߣƼҾټĻȻ츳Ϊ侳һأ޷Խκһ
ţֵ˶ţȥ֮һֻ֮һͱ˷䣬֮ʮ㴰һƬ谵ţλʮ
Ź󣬱ţŹ󣬱ĺš
ֱų֣һٳ˻ƼҵĻ꣬˻λãλʮһ꣬Ǳʮ
ǰʮˣźųϣȻһλеʮλеʮλϼʮһˣǻټ֮ˣһΪ侳һأܳԽʮеĵ֮ˣҲЩֶΡ
һȥһһƽһΣ֮棬ֲ̺ħԪİ£һͻƶ侳ޣƶ̤侳أΣԳԣǼľϲ
ظоĺԾָоǰδġ
ǰ壡Ŀ⣬ϡ
ͨտʼ֪ʲôΧ˵У֪ͨãƽ̲ס¶侳СͽߣڶʱͻһΣֱΪ׼ģܵõͨ˵ڶʱ̤侳أ
ƴȫҲҪȡǰϯλ
Ŀ⣬ᶨǿ־·ܳһм衣
ȻҲ֪Ҫ̤뼫ʥԺܰǰ壬ѣҪƴƴȫȻ޹Թ޻ڣ
⣬
ʮźţԱٴδȺУһ׵Ӱ˵ע⣬Ǽ
̧ͷȥһƽĿ⵭ȻʹĿߣɲΪħƣڵǹȥ£ȥˣǹִ̫ţֻ
ƽĿ⣬ʱ·ڿһİˣףͳ֮䣬ˣܷ¸߰ļӣҲٻصߡ
һ̽䣡
תͷѹе궯ŽԱ֮ʮ㡣
磬㷢ûУǧСһιϣҲкڡȺ֮ǰҶߵ˵
ʲôʱҲЩˣ΢Цߵʱϳ
ʱ䣬֮ʮ㴰ڵİ𣬼Ҳˣλܰʮһ侳߶ԣĳɼܺˣҪǣֻһŮ֮
ԪûҵҶ࣬ΪԪɫŮߣ
ʮţҾټ֮ˣΪڴܱһ仰ඥ֮ˣ־ͣ֮޽ӽʱ䣬ĳɼʤ˼λܰʮ
Ȼĳɼǰò˵ѾǺܺõĳɼˡ
ܿ죬ҲֵһҾټ֮ˣǸ֮꣬ʮ㣬ʱ䳬˰ʱ䣬ֻˣʱʾϣܰʮһ
ǶʮţΪ˵ĿǰΪֹʮУλеڶ֮ˣ
Ȼ棬ûе֮ʮ㣬ţʮţھټ֮ˣ֮ϴ˰ʱӣ£ܰڶʮߣΪĿǰΪֹеĵһˡ
Ժ˲ǰѡοУɼõļˣɣһ̲סŹֵ뷨
²һ㣬ǰˣ̸ղλڵ֮ˣһǽλϼ£ڳ֮ǰɼ֮ˣǻټһˣһӣֻжʮ꣬侳Ϊ͸¶Ϣһǧ֮ļơ
ϣԼʮλüͷһ壬ȻЩ⡣
￴ӵĿ⣬ܿɨ̺żﵭһЦټ֮ˣԣղѡʱ֮˰ʱӣҲǳ֮⣬ѡοɼ֮ˡ
˵ûӣΪһμʥԺѡεľԽ㣬˵ﲢ֣ͬΪţԼİ˭Ըⱻ˲ڽ¡
ʮţԱĿ⣬ͬʱĴ壬ʱλԱǣ͸¶º͵Цݡ
Ա̬ȵı仯ﵱȻ֪ԭ򣬻֮һЦڽԱ֮ȥ׼ٽ֮
ߺϼ죬˰ʱ֣ڳ֮ˣվһ죬û˾ƣǶ֪ĺϷڲŸոտʼǶ֪λټģѡγѡʱʵľţ񣬽ѧԱλǷһܸǴϲ
侳ߣǰǸټ֮ˣΪҪһΣ֪λܰڼ֮ǰ˶ڳＴõȤ
ǰʥԺһˣλ᰽Žޡ硯ʱһ侳ΪƾǿĽ꣬Ҳλܰʮڵʵ»ûеʱǿҾãܳԽ磬øõĳɼ
Ҳá

֣֮ڽԱ֮ʮȥܿ죬͵ʮ㡣


72 ֮
ʯ֮󣬳͸оһ޿ƥеɲǼ䣬ֵǰһԼһƬգΧƣǽŲգڿУ·ܽ
ξռ䣿档
пգܸоŵ졣
𡫡Ȼ޺Զдζֻ͵Ѹײڶ֮ƣֻǣֻ޵ٶȣڳУȴòУһ۾ͿֻޣֻѰޣͼ֡
ֻǣֻޣȴǲǿһ̧֣û֮Ƶ£ֻ޾ͱɱɱޣһʧ
һֻƾճ֣ǣΧȻֻ޵ʵȸղŵǿҲǿ˶٣ͺ侳൱ǴǱ׾ٸơ
һֻֻƾճ֣ת۾ڳУһ޳ǰЪϢʱ䣬Ϊɱʵ̫ˣҸûڵģ
ܿ죬ӽʱ䣬Ҳǽӽʱʱȥʱֵޣʮֻһȥֻ˼ޣֻżޡ
￴ЩޣףΪμڲʱɱֻżޣֻ˼ޣ侳ߣͨٸ似ǿҲԵֵ
Ըɬ촽ʮֻ˷۶ޣ¶⣬Уһ뷨Ǿǡ
ɲ
ȫƾһ֮Ų̤ѩ޺ۣʩչ侳޵
տʼƾѵצɱֻ˼ޣһֻżޣûоѹֻżޣֻ˼ޣȻĬͬʱ֣ÿһֻޣͬʱչ˵ǡ
ʱٲͨƾѵצǿɱֻޣԼҲˣ
ͷѪͨӦ˵ѪͨˣɲǼ䣬Ѫͨһǳǳβһ˦ƥ֮׾٣ͽֻ˼ޣһֻż޻ɱβٶͷ֣ʣµļֻޣҲѪͨĨɱˡ
ɵˣղŻѪͨ뽫˫ֻצʩչǿѵצɱֻޣ˭֪Ѫͨһ֣оٵΣգֱӳֻ֣޸ɵˡ
ΪͻƵ侳֮ɱѪͨһǿÿ£ż£ת˲֮䣬ͱɱ
һѪͨһѪ⣬ڡ
˲䣬ͷ֣ʱֻ˫ֻצ˫Ҳʹ˼֣צ͸˳ѥһ﷢֣Լ£ԴһѪɫƬǣ
צϵƬԸܵеļͣﺧȻѣѪͨڣһ˰֮壬⸱ļͳ̶ȣΪ£Ѱ¶ֺǲ֪⸱ס͵εȳ̶ȣ
ֻˣﻹӦѪͨ壬֮֮ǰΪǿˣڣǲϡܿѪ۱ɭȻЩ֮ﵽһ̶ȣֳġ
𡫡޵ĺУ˷˷һȥֻΪǿ޳ֻ֣޳޵ķ룬óһޣ
֮ǰξռޣǿֻ֣ޣӦһޡ˾ϣһ뷨ԺгͣƲȥۿֻһ̧˫צͷϣֻ޵Ĺϡ
ϣϣϣϣϣ

һ޵ĹǵϯײڳϣóһѪӿﾪϲطֻ֣һܸԼ˺ֻз֮˺ǣ޷ƿԼѪ۷
ʶѪͨ壬֮Ŀ£пϲ˫˫Żצ׷ӳǣѵצ£һĿ¾ת˲֮䣬ͽֻһ˺ˣ
⣬ѪͨĿ£
ȻҲףҲξռޣûʲôǻֻۣһƾһȻ벻ƾɱֻһޣһѶȵġ
Լ˽һӣʮֻ޳֣ЩԷ֣ʮֻޣһޣʮֻһޣ˷ɱ
ԴˣȻԴУ似̤ѩ޺֣֮ȫ·һƥѵצ£ʮֻһޣ׷ױɱɢ
һӹȥٴγֻޣֻޣ֮ǰ޶ҪǿƶޣޣһޣͬնԸǣóһѵצХֻޣֽƬһ㣬һ
ǸҵߣӦñǱֻɱֵܼزҲ㲻ˡĬĬһʱ䣬ܶ£ﶼ˹
һӹȥʮֻ޳֣ڶĳǰɲһ
ֻ޳֣ÿһֻڵʵ൱ңǶԼ츳ͨǿޱȣƾһԼԶѰ侳ߵǿ壬ﻹǽɱ
ֻޣɱɲǣͷ֣һʮֻ޳ˣ
ʱʱܵĪѹƾ֮壬̤ѩ޺ۣٶȣȻҪЩ޿죬Ҳ첻˶٣Ͼ̤ѩ޺ֻͽ似ٶȣҪǸƣѡ
ڣҲûбɵ֣ͨɵͨڻ֮ĳУһһ׾پͽʮֻ¾һգɱʮֻ޵ʱ䣬ɱֻ޵ʱ䣬Ҫ࣡
ܿ죬ǿֻ޳ֻ֣ޣ϶̺żΪµϢ룬ȫ͸ǣһͷ󺧣ļޣֻ
֮⣬ŵڶյķ֮һʥԺԺ˫һоȣСӣȻֵܼڣʱ㣬ڵӦöֻļ˰ɣֻ侳ߣɱʮֻ޵ģ
֮ξռ䣬޵ĳƵʣΪԺķףһ
עֹڴˣֻļޣɲڵܿġǰǳ磬Ҳֻǿֻļɱ漴ͱһʮֻļɱҡҡͷ֮ʮ㣬ȴŴڵİ
Ȼܿ죬ʱ仺ţˣһңô¡ôû
֮棬֮˵Уӣһ˼飬֮ʮ㣬޳֣ûʲôɣ޳ֵĹɣȴһʱ㣬˿̣֮ʮĳԵӦֻļޣûɱôܣ


73 ʮֻļ
һʱˣҾټǸξռս
֮⣬һЩ֪֮ʮĸ߲㣬׷Ŀɿڴʱ֮ʮĳӦֻļޣңļ޳ֵʱ䣬Ҳˣûɱ
ʱţۿҪһʱʱЩһֻоͷƤ飬Ǹ侳Ϊɱʮֻ޶ˣѲɣֻļɱˣȡõĳɼǰ᰽ھټλŽ൱ǣ᰽ھټλŽޣ侳߰
һ¶侳Ϊѵ֮ǰһ㣬ΪʵΪǿ
ͻȻһЩ˵УðôһŹֵ뷨뷨һ֣ȥʵ벻һ侳ߣͨǿ似ǿôɱֻ׵ļޣ
ļ޵ʵ侳ߣ侳ص侳أһѿԽԵģһɹԽʵõʱ
磬Сֻļ޸ɱ˰ɣҶľϣ⸡֮ɫ
ʱˣһʮֻļޣϾҪ룬ֻļޣӦСУҲ̲ס¶ʣµض֮ʮ㣬Ҫ֪λѣܸεȵľȡ
ܡܵġ
Ϊ׵ϣ֮ʮȻҲ˽һЩϷƣʧҡͷһţߵĶϣǲͣ̾Щʧǣ֮ʮŴ漣ľţڵӣܴڷҡֱϵȻһУѳɹ̡
ߵļҶϼٿУ˽⵽֮ʮ㣬侳޳ûƵʣ̲סףȻɱֻļޣ
ʱڵʱ˫˫ܣɱ߽޵龰ǸʱһжôãȻעʧȥһԵ֮ʮľţˣǼҵĹү
һУ󣬻ԼС
ʮ꣬ɱֻļޡҺΪ֮ˣû֮ǰĺ׳־׷״£Էͷټλţ֮󣬿¾ҪʥԺټȥעڵ£ġ
ȻùϵѣǺбҪģ
˵Уͬʱðһ뷨ٴ֮ʮʱж˼ȣԪǧѳľţպ߳ƵãԼԼһ
һ̣˶úܣһϣ˻ʳң˿̣Ƕ̲ס̾۹⣬ͺͳ˹ϵ
ȴ֪֮Իϳѣ໹ΪԵʡ
֮ʮ㣬ξռС
̤յĳü٣ǰһֻļޣɢļޣһֻ㲻÷ɵͨҲӦ磬ϾҵѪͨѵצԶѰ侳ߵ츳ͨ似ҵ壬ҲѰǿֻļϣȻҶ˷ɵֶͨξҲֻǿܽɱ
ļ޵Ŀ£ղŵɱУᵽˡ
𽥵ƽ﷢֣ԶʮֻɢſϢ޳֣ףʮֻޣ֮ǰĹɣӦöļޡʮֻļޣ뵽֮ǰĬϮɱֻļޣֻоͷƤ顣
һ̣̲ס뷨ˡ
Ȼ뷨ո𣬾ͱǿ־飬Ȼڵֻξռ䣬ˣҲȻԺ˭֪᲻ʵѵʵ磬Ҳ
ȻУҲҪһƴԹ޻ڣĿᶨޱȣ͸ˣ
ͬʱеķɵͨϵתţ·ŤתǬ
ξռһֵͬޣȻûʲôǻۣһΪµص㣬Щޣ໥֮·޼䣬ʵԶǣȻǻƣ췽ҹ̷
ʮֻļޣͬһʱ䣬˳Ѫſµ츳ͨϢǵصצ˺ѳգХ
Ųµ似̤ѩ޺ۣһߣܿ죬ͷ֣ƾǿİ֮壬ƾ嫵̤ѩ޺۵ٶȷӵ£ҲЩļ޵ٶ൱
ͻȻ﷢ֻ֣ļϷХٶȾֿ˼֣ٲȻ̲סɫ䣬磡ֻļޣһǷѹǵٶȣԶļޣ
зɵͨתﶢ׼һֻӵзļޣɵֶͨ
ݣٶȿ쵽µĴâ˸ֻļޣȻʶΣգҲҪ㿪ٶȣڷɵͨٶǰֵһᣬɵͨ͸ɢ
ֻޱɱɲǣֻٶȳķޣҲ׷ϾҪ׷ϳѪ֮ſųݺҧ
ɵͨȫҲȫûģ룬ɱֻļ޺󣬳ﻹҪ۷ɵͨǣʱֻ޽󣬳޷
ۿҪֻҧǧһ֮ʣһһķʽһ𣬳ٶȣ˲Ƕ㿪ֻ޵Ѫڣ
⡭´̺ԳԣνϤ
ղŵһѵצķʽĵؼͽ似ѵצķʽ
ʱִ֮䣬̲ס𣬵ջݳǳʱ¸պĺܽѵצķͨתƵֶϣǸʱ룬һڣȻû۳ȴһһʵ֣
һµٴεһһˣֻ֮ļޣԶԶ˺档
ô˵ȫԽѵצķڷɵͨϡ
һ뷨ξռ󣬳ͷ֣ξռޣȻȵĹڷ棬ȴԶԶ磬ξռޣһһģһֽ
ҪȻղţҲƾɵͨɱļޣɵͨóٶȣȴԶѵצԴݻ޵ķ
ѵצķмٵģóҲ̲סðֵӷʽʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣļǳʼαֻƬ̹򣬳͸оڵ˴롣
֪ȥˣҪȻñֻļ޸ľʱĳϵ⣬׸
ڳУɵͨٴ۳ͣΧһƶ


74 ܰ
ɵ֮ͨϣǣһвƣһ㣬㣬㡭
һɵ֮ͨУɵͨ͵һһǳͬʱһ٣תзɵͨɲǼֶµһŵļ´âתֻļɱ
ţɵͨӹִֻļ޵
ʱɵͨųɢɵͨҲ֮ʧ֮С
ʣµļֻļޣη壬ٴλһУɵͨٴ۶ӿɵ֮ͨУһһ𣬵ٴεʱɫɷףһ̲סһ
ʱ˿̣֮ڣĴڷɵͨŵһʵͬʱҪĵܵĸҲ
´â֣ڣʣµļֻļޣԱɱ
ʣµļֻļޱɱ˲̱ξռ֮Уָܻڵֻǣղŵʵ̫󣬾ǿָһЩҲֻǱˮн
ֻΪµ弶޳֣վɲǼ䣬ɿµ䣬ڳϣ˲䣬彩סƶָֺоʮ֮ǰԻƼһĸоΪƣֻǣֻ弶ʩչġơ
ȻָһЩֻ弶ʩչġơ£Զڵܴһ㡰ơڣԲС
ۿֻ弶ǸֿЦ֪ûжֻ弶ǰûκη֮ǵġơ޷ƣ
Ƭ̣ξռ֮ڣ壬ֻ弶޻飬һ
ԱȥɡŵĳſڵĽԱ΢΢һЦ
šáԱʼûӦʶӦ˳һЩ˵ǰˣ̫ˣֻʮꣿ
ΪʥԺĽԱڼʥԺʮξռ䣬ȻΪ˽⣬ҲΪ̫˽еһУ̲סȻ
ǰ˽ʮʱ䣬ֻ弶޳󣬲űɱģҲ˵ҪôɱǰʮֻļޣҪôʩչ˼Ϊµ似ʮֻļתһӣϵֻ弶޳
ǰ߻Ǻߣ𾪡
ž֮⣬˵Ŀ⣬֮ʮ㣬ʮİ𣬻Ϊڰˣ̲סһ
֪֮ʮˣʥԺĸԺڣﶼ𺳣ǸҾټ֮ˣʮ֮꣬ʮξռ䣬Ȼֵڣֵֻ弶޳֣űɱ
ˣ
Ҳ֪˭һ֮⣬˵Ŀⶼ֮һϣ֣Я׺󲿷ѹ£󣬶ڵλã
ǰ壬ֺֻ
Ȼֺ֮ע뷽ŵһöͨշԣΨвܰǰ֮ܵõͨ
ʱ̾Ϣֻ
ϧ̾˿Ϊеϧֻһ̤ܰǰ塣
תһ룬뵽һλõѡλɼЩϲ֪ĶˣգԶǰݳǣΪȥеִĸлرڣ룬һжʵˣﲻֻλмʥԺһǰλеһ
λеһ֮ˣټõţ
ӿ˼֣һ̣оԼһУԶﵽݳȥƽн似ƣ͸ﵱ񣬻нǧƽ𣬾õϴ͸һУֵˣ
λֵܣûй
Ÿ磬ϲʮүƽ棬ϲ
лʮܡѹеĿϲ΢ЦӦ
Ҵү壬ɫȻ֪ĻᶼʧȥˣһΣķڷŵܣĳ￰˫ҡںҾټߣһζڽ¡
ŵܣϲǰе¡ǰ߰ͷ­
磬ǰ£ҶˡһЦ֮ļ϶·ɢ
ΣһμʥԺѡΣңӮңڳ֮һ˲츳ʵ֤Ǳ˿պССԪģ磬̨
뿪֮󣬿Լ֣üͷ΢΢һ壬ȻһΣȻûܵõͨˣģ
ųصȺҵĻʥԺԺףǰ˵һΣ÷ĳϲһ᰽ټŽޡ硯֮һ죬ǼʥԺٴӭһλ츳ʤţٻһһʥԺ涨ѧ󣬽õһ׵ؼͽ׹似
ؼͽ׹似
ڳ߲㣬ǱȽϵΪʥԺÿһһɸټߣһĿУĽͼʣؼ似ԪУҲ޼Ѱһ׵ؼͽ׹似㲻ˡ
ؼͽ׹似Ŀһһȣ̲סʵԺˣؼͽ׹似֪ǷԼѡࣿ
΢ЦԣҪһģ˵һΪ׼
ûκγɣҪһ似
֮ʮξռʶԼ似ǷȱȻʩչ̤ѩ޺ʱóѵצķٶȱǰʩΪ̫ǳ֮ơңиõ似һóѵצķٶȣΪ£
á״ӦΧпԺˣԳ̫Ŵˣתһ룬Գ츳Ժرչˣ޿ɺǡ
ţ׼˵ѡεڶΪҾټ֮ˣͨõ߽׹似
ͨǻҾټ֮УǸӣλмʥԺܰʮ
ǵΪټ֮ˣõ߽׹似ˣûĽЩ˶ԣܳΪʥԺѧԱҫˣֻҪʥԺ꣬ʵһڼʥԺ߽׹似
ڣʮλǰɽԱǷƣ֮ڣǰѧڲ򡣡ʥԺԺףһ仰Ϊ֮˵ͷк̤ն𣬷Զȥ
Ժˣۿ̤ʧǰƵֲɽ˼֡
侳ߣƾ֮գʵ


75 Ԫ
ʥԺѡεһʮ꣬侳ΪΪֶΣѡʱɱ뼫ʥԺѧԱ֮ܰǰһ죬ʥԺѡεһˣ᰽ھټŽޣ츳Ϊ
Ԫľ֮ţżʥԺѡĻΪԪ֪ţһʮʮ١ʳǣţԻʳΪģϢ쫷ɨԪ
ųԶټңرҾүһʱҲΪԪΧŵĻ⡣
ڳԪͬʱһЩ˵ھ£¼ܿ촫Ԫ
һС壬ʮʱǰݳǣŵӵʢᣬɣݳǾ¥ڣݳϼҵλү˳ͻʮ֮䣬侳ΪϼҶʮĶүϣ
գͨʾ似ΪŵӺϼ˶Գ﷢ѣЩɱҺŵӳ֣Ǹʱ򣬳ﵱԣպϼţ
ڣһ·ƽŵݣ̨ϣǿɱŵӣǰ̨ϣڴ״ʯһ侳ߣֱɱ
һɳ֮ʣϻڵӡǿƽ٣ڵ棬ϵ˳
ڣ֮ţ
Ϊͽ
ôһͽص磬Ų֮󣬴Сļ壬ǿݳǣֽϼһڸ߲ɱϼңȡ֮
ʱ꣬ʵŵԣպϼţ

Щϸ￪ԪµһƬû뵽λԪľţ۵Ĺȥһʱ䣬˵ĿⶼתƵϣڣȻһλƳȥˣǺε޴Ϊ
ϻڵĵҲԪ˾ȣ벻ͨĴΪλԳһ㣬˶ϣǾǣǵ츳Ҳδرȵϳ
ǼʥԺѧԱ츳ãܵȥõص࣬ʱвڵںϻڵļűӻܻδĳһգǿƱ
ڡ
λϺδʥԺѡϵĵӹ˾٣һʱ֪˳£Ŀޱȸӣã̾˿ǲ࣬ڸһУֻ˵Ե޷ݡ
ǰ޵֣ڣ״ӣգȡõҫҲڵҫκ컯Ūˡ
ظſڣظ˽Щľګû뵽յСһҲΪԪ侳ΪʥԺѡʱλһλܰȳɾͣԪߣΪ֮ա
ϵĿУ̾ڣһĻᡣ
ڵӣ֪ȡõĳɾͺ󣬶ĬȻˣ̨緢꣬츳ʵԪ棬ţһ
ʦܣȻˡ
һͨϣһʤѩǺЦϣȶʱӶȻΪʮŵеĵһˣҲͻƵ侳ˣ
һͨڣϱ߳ϿȣͷΧŵӶԼָָ㣬ϸһ֪һкɫɷףܣѹ֣ѹּôöûһţȻȻǱˣ
ϱţһ·񱼣йеʹ
ݳǡ
˵ڳԪʲôط֣ݳǣյΪʥԺѧԱһϢʱݳǴϣÿÿŵƽʣԱףݳǸ֮ˣǷ׷׵ҵŰݷá
Уݳǳ̩֪õҫ֪ԼһҲûʸΪС
ݳǳ˳еĸҲ׷ǰҺϲЩӣҴŵżҪˣյĺ񣬸Ƕѻɽ
ҼۣҲû뵽ԼСֶһȥֳôĶЩݳǣΧԴԴϵŰݷõĸ߲㣬ʱ¶ǫоһкΣǳңҲΪԪУպļ塣
һУֻΪҳһ
ġɡ¸աĺɺͺ֪ܿĳɾͺ󣬾һ𣬷׷Ϊеˡ
ʳǣҡ
ľԺУվ¶ã֮ɫʱ䣬Ԫڳ£Ҳ֪Уʱһθ飬ֻǣУ飬һδԵ
ʳУ˶ԣ˵׸ƣ츳ߣźһ𣬵һǣǶһ㿪ڣõĳɾͣǺݺݵ˼һǶ⡣
׸ƣ׸ơ֪ʱУʹ
ʱһϵˣԺ⡣
סˣЩ֮ӣʱ䣬ڳϣǰ˺ûɶڿϧͳѵ֣ڣ˵ڻʳ֮У߳ԼСԺٵģҲ˷ҡͷ̾ϧ
ˣΪˣԼһδԵ˿üĻᣡ
Ҫ㣬ͳǷпܣ
׵Ļһͳп
գʥԺѡʱ￴Ŀ⣬ͺڿһİˣǰʱ䣬ʥԺһΣÿһΣﶼûۿף֮䣬޿ܡ
ۿҡҡͷҼۼЦ̲סһ̾
ףλʥԺҴչһʱ䲻ˡڼҼȥ֮ǰ˵ڵֻԶ볾ֻŲҪȥΧЩɵĿ⡣
ۼ֪Ů˼˵ͷ
¥
ŵİУԶ¶ǣһЦСԪҶմ˲ٹ⣬¥ࡣ
Ȼ磬¥һղͥУͱȡЦˡ
ʥԺѧҲһʱˣҲϰ˼ʥԺż߳ʥԺȾƣһӴ֪ֵһѣ룬м׸ƣʱΧߵĸ߲㣬ȫȻͬ
΢΢С͵£Ҳ˵һЩ

žƱ֣̲סһ
˵ϲŭ޳ΪĿģֶΡ˵Ԫ£Ҫã¾ͻᴫĶС


76 
֪Сֻûϳɣӵһ侳Ϊչֳ츳»Ԫ
Ϊﵹһƣ˵
Ļóһ֮ǰæµڻʳǸĽУҪˣǰǵػţ֪ڲֻúܺãԪΪԪǧѳľ֮ţʵ
ɲǼ䣬ɫɷף˿磬˵Ӧ
˫һ뼫ţΪŵӣõűӻ
뼫ţ
·ﵱȻ֪Уңǰʱ䣬ʥԺԺ׾͸˵츳Ҫ뼫ţȥӵĿ飬׿ֱһ⣬ټȥףڼڣҲһĵλӵоټʸ
ǣڵԼһˣܵȥѰñӻɳô죿ڵԪͬʱҲΪ֪һ֮أ˿ɣһŭ֮£ұȻͿ̿
ʱ˿̣޾İûڣԼΪҪҴ򣬽ұ¶ǰȻڵҲҪôǣǸ׺ʹǣʼգһǿʵȴûҴ붫򣬱ǹ˼һ㡣
ߵ磬ٲ˽ԹԼһ֮ǣԼļ壬Լĸȴһߡ
ǵĳң·ܿ͸˼
ǰںúڣΪʲôҪݳȥ¶ǰЦûǣңȫȥ͸Ժ˵һֱ뿪Ԫȥ츳ҪѣżҲӻ
£ܰæҪί㡣Ƭ̣ſڡ
磬а취ֻҪܻҳȫʲôίҶܳܣĺЩ٣µ򣬱ӦܣҪʲôۡ
취Ҫϻ˵
磬˵
ĶԻעͳ֮ܣ뿪¥󣬻˼ʥԺһʱ䣬ҵ˸ԺףԺˣϴθ˵ģˣԸ⵽ȥΪʽӣ
ڷ¥У֪ԪڣϻƺЩϵ£ºܿͻͨڣϻڵУΪ˱ҹζ࣬Խ뿪ԪԽá
ĻĿãһ⣡뿪Ԫ֮ǰҪʱ׼
һǰʥԺѡϣʶ츳׾ټﵽȥԳ츳ȫȥʥԺ涨Ĳ㿼飬Ȩӵһ츳ĳӵеȨ
ֻǣһ𣬳ƺɣҲûƳＱ¾˾Ϊ˷ܣǼţܿҪӵһλŵӣԳ츳ٹ꣬ӱȼ磡
ӣУһУǼŽźţ˳ļ룬ţӭĻԻ͡
ԺˣߣУ˵
ôһܿ죬Ӧ˹ǵĵ
Ҳ˵˳ȥľЩпʣ֮ĳޣܻ⣿ǿԣұ˵ų棬ϻڽ棬Ϊ㻯⡣
Ȼ˫۱ɭȻɱ⣬ݣ
̶ĸ֣˳֮䣬ɻĳޣ׵˵ͷˣУһᾡܲ츳ܵõ㹻ӣõŵıӻ
ллԺˡ
﹪ҾһǸм
ǰ뿪¥Ҳ뿪ˣûлȥǾڵĻʹȥˡ
ڻʹ˰ʱʱ뿪ʹ֮УȨߣʵ۱£´һʥּʥּ֮еݣҲ֪Ƿ⣬ʹǰȥݳ´ʥּͬʱʳǣţԻʳΪģңңش˳ȥ
ʥּ֮Уʵ۱ּݳǳҼۡΪң̸Ϊʮͬʱ²ƽһλ侳侳߽׻ʮ侳н׻ʮ侳ͽ׻
ʳ֮ˣ֪ʥּʱ׷׾ˣһ̣ˡʶƵĸĺ壡
ƽҲˣƸǿУֻṇ̀Ȼƺţʮأ侳һ侳𾪵Ĵڣʵ۱£Ҳ̫Ŵ˰ɣҳһҲ˿Űɣ
ʥּﵽݳǣʹ侳Լһ侳ʱ¶ˣ۽ʥּʱ嶼ڲ˼£ͣظߺл£л£ʶƵʶƵţ
һڹڵصĳˣҲ׷׸Ÿߺһʱ䣬Уϡ
һнӺúʹкһһңʹɫضԳ˵һ뿪ػʳȥˡ
뿪֮󣬳۵ûǰܣȡ֮ŨŨĵ֮ɫܿ죬ͽڳϣгɡ¸աĺɺͺܿеһۿǳɲףʱôü㱻ΪǳҳǴ£ԺǶǻ׹ˡ
ߣ֪ʲôֻ֪棬Ͳ룬һеıʲô飿С츳Ǹߣûҿز٣ɻΪβΪҪĳҼأһɸ֣뵽ʹ˵Ƿ͸оµûš
үǽʲôҪ˵ڳϣһ⣬Գ۵ĳƺҲˡ
λϣţҳۣóذ̾˿ʹ߶˵Ļһһǿ֪ǳܱ֮ҷΪܱ֮ΪүһУΪС뾡һа취ǳң
С֮𣬼֪Сĳɾͺ츳ȻԪʱСȫͨʥԺȥ룬ǵû취ԸСŭתƵǳϣһΣ
۵Ļڳ֮˷׷ɫ䣬ˣұضͿ̿
ˣСҪңԶȥ֮ǰΪǳ·ǾǳңΪףԪĸԪңֱͳܣһ̶ϣҵ־һǳԪףԸǳңҲȻ˼ɡ
ңΪ󻼣Сһ
˵ʱ򣬳۶˶٣Ѫӵϣ̲סᡣ


77 ţ
ԪУŻʵ۱һʥּѸķԪһɧ
һʱ䣬ԪУ˵ע׷׻ݳУݳǣԭֻԪϷһСǣȴķݳǳҳһš񣬻ʵ۱¸ǲҼۡΪңΪˡ
ԪǧʷϣҲûгֹЩҪôǾƾõʷҪôΪԪ˼ףͻأһԪУǵһΡ
ȻҲ̲ס뵽£Ӧøǰʱ䣬ֵ÷зĳҾųйء
һʥּԪ£ֵ÷з֮ʱһ˵ϢʥԺŵӡΪˡ
Ϣըһ㣬Ԫӿþƽ
ǣҸۡ
ոյڶϢɫףƱ飬ֵܡ
տʼ;֣˺ңҳһɳϾûɳӵһԪ֮ϵ˵Ҳһţȥ£
Ϣһ˲䣬£ڻһʥּı·𿴵˷¥λӰ
Ϊټйҵõ˹ţأǰʱ䣬ҼΪһһ˳λ̳ˡ
ڣûϲãǣΪеǣҵĶ뿪һУ޲˵ŷ£ȥֻ˽⣬ڣԪ£Գȥ£ָơ
ż϶ȻҲܷϳ£У
ֵܣԲ𡣡
𣬱Ͼݳȥ뼫ʥԺѡεģûڼʥԺѡո¶ͷǣҲԪһУǻԴȪ
أĿᶨֵܣģһúչ˳ҡ
ʳǣʥԺ
˫ѧԱѡʱλмʥԺѧԱܰ˳ɼʥԺ׷׺Ȼѡκһʱ䣬֮ܵһǰľګؿλе֡
һЩһᣬͳдһ뿴ʵǷ紫
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽սʥԺһ£뿪ˣԺ׾ټȥˣһУЩźͬʱЩĽͼʣڼʥԺУֻ츳һ̶ȵţȥ㿼飬õԺ˵ľټ뼫š
λܰһŽޡ硱ҲûеõԺ˵ľټ
뿪ô
ʥԺһӣ̾һظ
λԪ򣬼ţλߡ
֮أһͨ𣬺ʣЩͨķ嶥һţХһƺΰ壬һ壬ԪԣǼפڡ
Χһͨ壬Ϊŵ֮أֻŵӣʸռһ֮ء
ڣԪŨ̶ȣԶ壬ǼŵӵķܶĿꡣ
ԶԶȥŵ壬Χͨǹ°Χм䣬û߿֮Уɽһ㣬һֵţӸͨ嶥ӵ֮ϣʱû֮Уʱ¶׳ۡ
ǰһĻÿѸ;ϣǰеĳ̲סһ𣬡Ķţפصĺΰ̶ȣԶڣһ˷ͨ壬ǧ׵ţҪḶ́
Ԫʳǳһ·͵ʱһ£ţؿڣǼʥԺԺ׽ţóﵽ˼ź󣬽һλˣλˣǼš󡱵ظˣϡ
ҡͷһЦظˣƺѽ֮Եʱظظˡϡ񵽼ȥҲҪȥһλظˡ
̲ס𣬷ᵽλϡʱһĵ𾴣ףλϣԲһˣò侳ķˣλˣĳԪϼ
ɽǰʾ˷׽ļŵƺ󣬳˼פء
У֮£ųϣų֮£Ϊĵӣĵӣշ׵Ļ˵侳һףǼеһλĵӡ
ĵ֮£ŵӣŵӣһ㶼侳ϵߡ
棬ŵӣŵӷһŵӣ侳ߣΪձ侳һص侳֮䣬ŵӣ侳ߣŵӣ侳ߡ
йأŵӣǳʮ꣬δ̤侳ٵֻ·һ뿪ţ£䵱۵ӡ
׽ƣһŵӵơ
ãʣŵӷȥıȡ
壬һ·ӣԼĪʮ塢꣬һ̱ߵĳۣɨ˳һۣ̤뿪ûһʮŵӣֵᣬҲֵȥ̽Ϊ
ҡҡͷҲûʲôԼˣǶԷɡ
ҲҪȥȡŵӷΣʱԶӰһŮʱò㣬ԼĪʮͷŮӣ΢Цʳ
šͷҲ΢ЦӦ
ãҺκ׼ȫȥȡŵƺͷΣһɡŮ
лллˡ
һ·ϣҲϤ֪ԼŮӽСݵӽСκ塱׳˶ֻܵӽСȫ죬ȫһΪͻƵ侳һأκˣȫȥȡһŵƺͷΡ
ЩȣȫֻŸʶļŵӣҲͶʮ꣬Ȼ侳һˣŵĵӣ츳ô
һװǸմ𣿡ʡ
ţҸմͷ
ȴû⡰롰ȫ
ŵƺͷȡɨһǰȫһĳϵ˵ͷ侳һأ꼸ꣿ
ȫϣϸ£Ҹչʮա
츳úŬճΪŵӣǼһ£ԹȥǱȡһŵӷκƣϵĶŵӷλŵ¡
ǡ
ȫһһŵӷΣ﷢֣ȫϴģ֮ǰ֮·Ӵķһ̱߳ۡ
΢ЦҲȥɣϹ۲Ϊȷ㲽侳Ϳȥȡŵƺͷˡ
һ侳ŵƺͷΣ


78 ɽ
ȥɣֻҪϿ㲽侳ȥȡŵƺͷεġ
ʱȫκҲԳ˵
ҡҡͷףȫκˣûп̽Ϊ֪侳ߵʵ
粽ǰ΢ϣȡŵӷεġ
˵˵ͷĿڳϣ۲Ϊܿ죬ƽݣ츲صı仯ϵӣֳͲ˼飬顭侳أ
΢Цͷͬʱ׽Լһŵȡ˳ݸˡ
侳أ
˵ĻͫһʶȥΪ֣ǵ·ʯ󺣣ʮˡˣһΪԶԶǣ
侳ߣ
ǼһŵӵƣֻǣȻƣôûΣ˺ʣȻʮˡ侳ߣңǼŵһŵӣȥôû˿
ŵеļλٮٮߣʮˡʱҲԶûΪ
ţڼţΪλ˳ţ
벻ͨ
ʵ˵ϣҽǸյš
üͷһ壬ƣ
͵ϣǵһţҲǼŵӣԪˣǼʥԺѧԱǸԺ˽öŵƣټҵҴһټţֽϡ
˭֪ﻰ䣬ɫ䣬еĸԺǷף
˵ͷ֪ףǲȡ
ؿ˳һۣ¶º͵Цݣʲô֣

ţ֣ҽľأǼŵųϣԽľسϣԺҪʲôҪʱҡľ΢ЦͷԳ
ллľسϡû뵽ô飬æлȥһȡһŵӵķΡ
ȫκˣۿȥȡһŵӵķΣޱȡ
ԳԪˡһ츳ų϶񾴼֣Ǽŵųϣһ侳ߣƽʱ۸ڶһŵӣҲϲɫգԳʱȴ˼ӣύ
ľسϣǡȡһŵӵķΣųľص
ߣвĵطˡľس˵ţˣӲϣЦݡ
֪ľسܶôƣҲΪԵʡ
ۿＸȥľ˸һΣ׻ΪѰһλ֮ţˣʮˡ꣬һ侳Ϊ츳ҲǾ˫һɫУҲֻе̫ӡɡڵһȡ
ᵽ̫ʱľ⸡ֳ羴֮ɫ
׾ȻóֱȥϣȻҪó£Ϊʦܣʱһ͵һɳˣ
ʱһ뿪壬ͨΧһͨš
ϣ̲סʣ꼸ꣿ
ȫκҲһ档
΢΢һЦٹ£Ҿʮˡ
ٹ£ʮꣿ
Ҳ˵ڵĳʮ꣡
ˣͬһ㿴ųκ̾ʮ꣬һ侳Ϊ㻹˲ղľس˵Ԫ֪Ԫƶ񤲻٣ô߳Ĺ
ȫΪȻͷ
ȫͻȻ̾˿ԭΪԼ츳㲻ˣʮ̤꣬侳ݹһҲ֮ʣû뵽ոͻƣô̬Ҵܴ
ԣκˣ̲סЦˣҲȾЦ
ȫκˣȻոʶ￴ó˶ûʲôĻƷԴ֪츳˵Цһ㶼ûйǣָоóܣ츳ȻҲϣ˵
˿У֪ȻϵƽʱǷֿģżһ𣬵塰̨ͬŵдʵ
̨ٽ嶥ɽϵһʯַ̨̨Ϊ;ڵĵɷϿŵԼд衣
̨֮£ɽһȥĵطһ̨ҪСһЩʯ̨һʯ̨֮ΪѪ̨;ڵɷϿڵ̨ŵӣлⲻĳޣȥһ
ƽʱڣֹͬŵӻɱ
ٴЩڵĹأﵭһЦ統ԣνأֻߵĹ߶ѣĲţǼ״ӣɱһͨŵӣܵͷ
Ҫǰĵط𣿡ȫʣ׳˶꣬顣
áҡͷͬʱԼû죬ˣ֪֪뿪ԪʥԺ֮ǰԺȥˡ
󣬼Уŵĵӣ˭᲻֪
¶õЦݣ˵ǼŴŹ似ĵطλɽƽ̨㿴ǲ󡣡
˵ţתָԶ壬￴ָ֮һûĺΰǰһ⼫ŵĲ󣬱ڵظ󣬺ΰˣͬն
תһ룬ȻˣһţһԪһţȫûпɱԡ
ٹȥɣɫҲˣĴߣҸ֮أҲԻȥɡ
˴кһͨһȥֵ
Ҹطŵӵķλϡ嶥˰ʱܿͷ֣·ϵŵӣԽԽ١
֪ʱ˷嶥һɽ֮⣬ɽΪΣһ㱡ֲǣǳһ·ϸĹ۲죬ֲˣ˳ɽȥĿ⣬̲סһ
ж죬ѵɽȻȪ
ǰɽڼΪխһе֮˽룬ȫĴͷȥ
ƿֲɽ֮УǰȻʣж죬Уһ޴ĺӺ²һ㣬棬ȻһȻȪ
ȻҵôõĵطԺȫԽﵱҵ֮ء
һ·û类ˮʪоܲѵ·ֱȪ̲ס³һˬ
ʱȻȪһߣˮ˳ĺɫȪ֮˦漴ͿһףһԼĪʮҵŮӣҶüƤ𪣬ס
ֻǣ˿̣ԷĿ⣬ȴ䲻ơ


79 ٻǹͨ
գٻһ㣬ʱ֣ȻȪԡǱȪϢ׳Ҳû뵽˳ಲӣÿԡ֮ء
˼Ҳ֪ˡ
ЩΣǰǸϴУ뼾йһθ飬Ҳǣǣ֣һɫڼ֮µŮӣϴԶԡȻһɴʪˮɴµļ֣Сֵ˷Ӧŭͦ
ٻɫûΪĽͶ֪ˣ
Ҳ˵ΣŵŵӸֲˣ֪ŵӣ˭֪ٻ֮أǰһ϶ǹᱡģУŭһֿµٶȻš
Ǹ뿪ȻŮҲеЩû̫뷨һԾץϵһŵӷδã׼뿪
£Σվ
磬Щ棬Ůףǰʱһ㣬Ϊء
ΪߵˣڳҪ߳ɽʱĮת﷢֣֪ʱŮ˰£Ůӵ£̱ͬߣȻҲǼеһŵӡ
ŮУһǿ׼
ѵǸ㻹ҪΣüͷǰ֪ˣңŮӺҲûκᱡľٶֻһѣҲǸˣŮˣੲݣ
ûлشſīɫǿٻһֻڹϣŹұһӰ֣ӰһѰʸСġǹͨ
ٻ欵ɹΣ漴֣ǹ֮ͨһ⣬ֱӳ
ǹͨãЩȣͿŮֻ侳һߵҲΪ⣬̧֣ۣûֻͨǽһѵצķһƶŮӵǹͨĳ
嫵ת۾ͽ޼᲻ݵǹͨɢͬʱٻɫɷףһ³һѪһ˫˼ضų
û뵽ǰҪСӣôǿʵ׾һƣǹͨ
ܿ죬ٻͷһ⣬ղŭ֮£ûעǰ˵װһҲеһŵӣң͸ԷΪ
֮£ٻˣһգһ㣬¶֮ءٻһԼĶi鶯ԾɽóЩʼϲ
ιû˵Ҫ֮أˣﷴӦʱŮѾ뿪ҡҡͷһɽȪȪһ࣬һľݣȻŮӹȥɫҲס
ҹѹĳ뵽հŮӣǸһ΢ЦһǿŮӣǿǹͨʱӢˬǰʱǻľһ˵ٻ
յǸŮӣȻҰһЩò˵飬ó̲סøС
ڶգն뿪ɽפȥ᳤ͨյţ˲ǰ
ǰŵӣͷ¼ųĵӽĵĹ似Աߣ˶һӵ鼮ţʱͷʱҡͷܿ죬˺ʲô̧ͷǰվˣ˿ʮˡ꣬΢۲죬Ŀס
侳أ
ʣ𣿡òʵظˣǰֻһλ
Сһҿ£ظ˿ų֣ʲôʱôɫĵӣδš
ϣԪʥԺǸԺҽţҵľټš֣ӻͳһţݸˡ
˴һܿ죬˫֮䣬¶ʣƽϣټţĵӷдǰ˵츳ʮ꣬侳أ츳ƾ˫ڵ̫ɣ̫ɣһһˣ
ܺã£Ҷ֪ˣʲôʱΪŵӣҡ˶ԳͷһЦ˵
ˣ
һ㶣ۿԹԴ鼮ҡҡͷ뿪˲
Сһǳסٿɣڶʱ̤侳أ˵Ŀ⣬鼮ƿԶԶıӰص˵ͷ
գʹ˿е֪һŵӣҲֻ߽ܽ׹似ŵӣܽĵؼͽ׹似ڵؼн׹似ΨŵеٮٮߣԼĵӲܽġ
ڳΪûҪУѾ׵ؼͽ似һ߽׹
뿪󣬳嶥ȥȥʶʶŵġ̨͡Ѫ̨˭֪·ϣˣ˿ܸˣκЦʣտҵ֮أ˯ÿɺã
뵽գ̲סһ̾ЩΣҲ֪Ǹǿٻռ֮غǷҵ˱֮ء
ţҵˡ΢Цͷ
һ·ǰ̨ڣκ̲ס˵մӱŵӿĴţ˵һһŵٻǿռһ侳һһŵӵ֮أԵǹֱͨӽˣͬΪ侳һأٻʵ̫ǿˡ
֣ٻԼ֮˵֮棬ȻȪءΪŮˣݵȻȪȻ
˭֪أλСͻȻѪ˴ܣռ֮أֻǽڡκҡҡͷŮ˵˼
˵ĶԻĿЩŹ֣֪׵ˡ
κĶԻУʶ˶ٻΪ˽⣬̲סʣٻܳ𣿡
ȫȿˣȫһأȻٻǼŵĽܳӣӵϵ֮ʣʮһ꣬һΪ̤侳һأƾԵǹͨ侳һһŵУûж֡
˵ٻıҲǿʱ黤ͣЩͨ񻰰ľӣѪ˵Ѫͳˡ졯żΪеĹϵͳ춼աҿܾܿͳǧ𣡡κ˵
ܶ˶²⣬ֻǣٻûйϹݡˣ˸ǣ侳һΪռһͨ壬õ֮أ侳صһŵӣҸҲ˵
ŮˣҪȢؼң϶ҫ档ȫһЦס
ΰ㣬Ǻһˣǳпܡκؿ˳һۣóЩεͬʱ̲סһ
ٻѪͳ조족ǧ
Уǹ죬ͨǡǹͨٻͨҲǹͨ


80 һǹ֮
֮ϣ̨ڣԶԶȥ̨һƬΪԼ
һʱ﷢̨֣֮ϣӿŵΧܣΧ۳Լ
ò˵̨似裬ͨɵһĻֳַǷգ˱߱߿֪һŵԼ
˹ҲһЩ˵Ŀ⣬Щ˵ĿڳϣЩ죬￴ֻʮˡ꣬ȴһŵӷΣҲ˵侳ߣ
ʮˡ̤侳ǺεţʲôʱŶ
Ըо̽Լüͷһ壬ͺһֱӽ⼸顣
ͬʱĮɨһǼ̽ˣüɫһ䣬ٷ
û뵽˵ʵ˿¡
ҽ̷侳һߣһλͬΪʦֵд衣ʱһʮҵľ׳̤볡УĿɨΧ˵
ٺ٣ȥ档
ȫĿһ뿪ˣ粽볡У̷ֵҽȫ侳һߣʦֲߴͽ̡
Ŀ⣬ڳУ̷ȫˣͬʱˣ˽Ų似Ӷֻǣ￴óȫ似Ҫѷɫ̷һƬ̹򣬾ͱ̷ռȻ̷һ£ƷХź嫵ȫĳ
ȫҲٶȱȲ̷ɴվԭأ̷һƣȫ츳ͨͷŶֻ˱һɫĹ֣·ʹΪһ壬ϢҲϵ
һȭ似ȫ֣صȫһȭʯ쾪
̷ɫ䣬óȫһȭ򵥣˲䣬̷ͷӰֳֶ£̷类һ֣µһƣɭȻȣȫһȭײһ𣬺Ȼһȫɽ̷˵ɳȥһͨɢ
áȫ̷֡
ҲĶ֣ͨɽ֮ȷʵǿ󡣡̷ܵķڷ
ǿ￴ȫû뵽Ĵͷʵô£ͨǴͨղȭһɲǣһִȫ·ƬΪһ壬Ǵأؾ
ţм侳һһŵ³һ⣬һȫС
ȫĴͨ侳һУû֡ȫ󣬳̾
Ҳ֪ٻʵ϶ʤҡȫ˵û˿
ղͻƵ侳ûô֪Ķ֣ҡͷȫ̫ˡ
ͷ
ȫӻʱ򣬼˱һȻЩ˲ʤ㣬ҾͺһЩˣΪٻ۸
תˣ¶ЦûǸ˼
˵֮ˣٻ֪ʱٻҲ̨ٻ󣬻һ߳۵ӣԼĪʮ꣬ʱĿ͸¶׺ݣȻΪղ˵Ǿ仰
˵ĴţӦŵӣٻٻֲӦٻ׷ߡɨһۣᡣ
ٻһɣ˳һۣ粽߽Уȫͷһս
ȫ˿ٻսˣȻܾȻ֪Լ϶ûٻǿҲ֪ٻ֮Ĳж󣬿粽߽ʱȫͷųԼĴͨÿ̤һһ£һǿƱڶ
ܲͨϣܽһǹٻ̧֣ǹͨ۳Σתۣǹͨϣ۵ٻǹͨһ˸ǹһǹȫ̳·𶼱𶯡
úãȫһһźݺݿһȭ̺֮ݺݺ
ȫʩΪһУʤ
ٻʵѰ侳ߣδĶ֣ǹͨ޼᲻ݣҪǣǹͨϵ似һ㣡ٻĳ֣ó̲סһ
ʱٻһǹȫһȭϣ޼᲻ݵǹͨһǹ֮ݿƿȫһȭ
ǹһÿȫţǹһӰ˲£ȫϵĴֱͨӱ飬ȫɫǺ죬֮ͨˡ
ˣȫôɴˣ
žžžٻһŵӣ΢ЦƣʦãΪ־ˡ
ȻĿޣٻ˿ᣬڣΣ
΢ЦҶҸղ˵ĻǸʵȷʵǿ
˭֪ٻһ䣬˵ʵǿڷ֮£Ҳôˣ֪ڱǿҺܿͻᳬ㣬¶ҵ֮ء
ٻĻڳ֮һŹֵؿųһٻ֮أ
Ҳ̫뺷˰ɣ
ȫκ峹ɵˣ㶵ؿųٻ֮أ
һ̣ƺ˹ѹ֣ѹٻҪȥŵӵ֮أԭԼ֮رˣǱˣ
Цգ֮أֻ󴳣ұ㻹㣬Σ
ٻ̤̨ȥҵĶŮҪһգһܣ¶֮أ
㾹Ȼʦõ֮أٻһŵӣɫһ䣬ɢɭȻϢǳıӵˣʦõ֮أգŶҪúýѵ㣬Ϊʦó
ŶŶ֮ǰͨſ飬ΪŵӵŶ
֮ǰ̤侳أΪ϶Ϊˣ

ΧһŵӵڶУ侳أ
ڳŶʱٻԶԶżɭȻŶҵ£ܣٻĶһƾԼ˫ֶˣ
ߣˣСĵ㣬֮Уʲôˣ㶼ǵġٻĻŶҲһɨٻ
㡭㾹Ȼٻ֮أκŵϴûӦ
ֻ֮أ˭ֱ֪ӾͶҳ֣һܣҲҽͣͳȥˡЦ֮£֮ʧ
Ļ˵ȻΧһŵӶУȫͬˣȻٻղţٻҲϲͣҲʮˡɣ֮Уʲôʱô
߳ңңؿѪ̨һۣȫ˵һһ뿪̨
صɽȻȪµľݣҡҡͷ
ٻļƣδܻԼ֮ǰǲˡ
ôõĵطҲ˷ѣԼʱסɣ´ٻԼˡ
ǸŮӣںܶ෽棬ӣӸΪûκζС
Ȫϴ˸裬ľݣʼ
ֶ֣߲ͨ££ŨµԪԪӿڣ߽ͨ׹ˣ𽥻
Ϊ̤侳󣬾ͨɱ䣬Ľ⣬һûо֪кã


81 ʩ
ͨĽ⣬ϸԷ֣ɫ϶ɡ
ֻǣЩɫģڳУô¡Ѷ
һ̽ýԼ
Ȼ嫽֮Уһɫƣ˳ڣų⡣
һɫģʲôҵڣʧˣҲ侳󣬱ӣڣ޷ڡ
Щ£оͨĽɫƣôء
Ҳ֪кá
о˰죬ҲûоȻ
嫽⣬ƾͨȴԸڣƺǰһɫƣѾɵļޡ
̾˿ͨ𣬳ܾãһڵĽɫƣûô򵥡
Ԫգͣľȥ
һת۹򣬳ͿԽ֮أľݡ
ʩչģǻüʥԺѡεһӮõĽؼͽ似αس죡
ʥԺԺԣһ׵ؼͽ似֮ԽСαس족Ϊ似Ǵ켶似س족ܱ
˵Ĵس죬£ͷһԿʮףϰס
αس죬Ͼ似Ȼ֮ǰ̤ѩ޺ûȻ̤ѩ޺´ɵĳ似๲ͬԣ⣬αس죬Ӧ֡
Ѿ˵أһ֮ء
αس죬´ɣҲǵھأһɿԽ֮أ˷ʤ
ɽ֮УӰݺᣬؼͽ似αس족²ʩչ˫
似ͬʱҲûѵצһŲαس죬ص㡣
似ͬʱҲѵצķһԾ仹ֻףɿԽٶȣȴ
ֻǣѵצҪĵʮ󣬳ڵһС롣
һߴģһԪʱŷɿ졣
֪ʱҹĻ٣ҹգǵ㣬貶Ŀ
ţ
ͻȻоѣվ˶һۣɽȥ
ֻһӰɽ˽͸ɫϸһ̨ģٻŵӣŶ
Ŷ׹˸粽СӣʮһΪ侳أò˵츳ǿ˼ʣ㾹ҵʦã֮أգұ㽫ɱţעزۣ
ۿŶһ˵ҪɱԼŭЦˣ˼ٻ˼
ŶЦʦʴȣҶ㣬գŶֻ˵㵹ù
ɫƽһ򶨣йأ֮ͬ䣬̤Ѫ̨򣬲໥ɱ㣬ѵΥŹ棿

Ŷ̲סЦգ˵أСټҹûϵóңҾɱ㣬˭֪ɱ㣬ͨ壬طǣ˷㣬ҲǼպˣʱʬѸã˭뵽Ŷɱ
Ŷһһ䣬ޱɭ֮⡣
ô˵ٻģЦˣͺŶ˵һжǷϻҪĴ𰸣ֻ˶ѡ
ȻɱңˣӲϲִУϲ֮ʩ㵽˾Ȫ֮£ǵãɱˣгȻҹĻ֮УԵø졣
ɲǼ䣬һ㣬αس֣˲乤򣬾͵ŶǰУһƺâ۳Ρ
ŶоΣɫһ䣬һͷӰۣȻͨûȫۣһƶһҹĻӹ쵽¡
һ̣Ŷ彩ԭأһԼδͨɢ
ͬʱĺϣһĨ죬ɫԵöĿޡ
Ŷųһ˫ӣɵûԲ̺Ͳ˼飡
Ҳû뵽ΪҪһεĳΪ˲䱬ôٶȣûӦ
رһĿâ֮ǰֻüһƺһ̣ͱýӲʶʧ
ĮؿŶ£ҪɱԼ֮ˣ
Ŷ֮ǰﲢϵΪҪֺٻҹãҪɱԼ
Ҳ벻еӣĶɡ
ҹɽ֮⣬ֲָ
ʱ򣬼ŵ·һ̧֣Ŷʬ壬ͨ塣
ŶڵĽ֣ղУĽ֣Ȼע֮֮
֮󣬼Уʧȥһŵӡ
֮ŵӷŶʬ塣
ֻǣʬ弸ˤò޷˭ʬ崩ţܱϳһŵӡ
һŵӣȻµĺ䶯ܿ죬ŵݱ
Ŷ侳ŵӡ
ֵңԳＸûʲôӰ졣
⼸գɱŶĵڶϣȥȡ˴Ų̿žˣѵצαس졣
ѵצαسĽܿ죬оãԼܽ似ء
˭ɽеĶ粽뿪ľݡ
ˣ¶Цݣˣԭ뿪
ٻۿͷҪȥʰˣһɣιΪȡҵ֮أ˵ˣһܴ㣬ȻͲҵģ
ЦοˣȻһҪҲŰݣ䣬Σ
ߣٻ´˳һۣЩɵʵϴΣĲⴳ룿
ЩΣҽһ죬Ҹյŵĵһ죬һУҶϤҸȫǷֿ֮ͨߣһ·Ѱ֮أˡ
ǰյţٻУ־ȡ
ǡͷţȥȫǣǻһƭ㣬ȥľسϣҸ죬ȥľسϣȡһŷΡ
ͱһСһһǿʵǼǰţģٻ档
ԪʥԺ˵
ʲôԪˣٻɵϴ´оȣʲôʱһҲܳ츳ôõˡˣʮǰţһˣǳԪ
šͷȻ֪һ˲乤ٻôࡣ
㡭꼸ꣿٻʡ
ٹ£ʮˡһЦ
Ϊ
뵽죬ͨûãһ֮ǹͨٻЩ¡
侳ء
ûΪ侳ϵУʲôܡ
Ŷɱģ
ͻȻٻ̧ͷӣƺӳĿУʲô


82 ơ
Ŷɱģ
̾˿ףٻʵģһĿġ
ƽٻӣǣֵЦݣأ
û˵ǣҲû˵ǣٻ⻹ٻĿ⸴ӣã˵ҴʦŶҺ޹ϵֻ㣬ţһŵӵȻ㡭Ϊ֮
һ䣬ٻתȥ
ڹ𣿡Цˡ
ٻ欵壬΢΢һ£ȥû
ҽгۿٻıӰҪʧɽһͷݳȥ
Ĭһٻ粽ȥ
ǸǿŮӡҡͷһ̾ףɽе֮أٻδԼ֮ǰԸǾҪȥˣŮУҶࡢٻΪɫֻǣŮԸ죬ʸͬ
УٻӢˬдż⺷֮ӣսŮһ
ڣȷţӦģŮӣҲֻѪͳ죬ǹ죬̵ܽó
ع뵽ϵ£ΪգαسѵצĽԶ׼ȻһΪȴԴͺƿò˿ƿϧʥԺѡʱٽһλܰǰ壬ܵõһöͨˣͨҩҴƿ
ʱ޵޺ȥȡɢ֮ĵҩ˵ھ֮ϣо鵤ֻǣУȴûо鵤֪ΪĶţǷо鵤Ҫþ鵤Ҫʲôۡ
鵤侳ΪĵҩֻеһηЧȻҩִͨȻΪ硣
˵鵤ֻ侳ͽߣڶʱڣͻһΣ侳н߷ãһ侳߽߷ãЧ
һʱգʵڲУҾȥȫǣ뼫һʱˣӦЩ˴㡣
ҪΪȫΪǰգǰ˵ǷʱΪŵӺȥ
ڳ￴ΪŵӣӦϸԼĿ飬ͨ飬ܵõϴټüӴԴպ󣬾׷ϵڻ¡
ţĿ꣬Ϊ˵õӴԴ֧֣Ӵһɳ죬պǿ̤Ϻϻڣȡ
ҪΪŵŵӣΪ侳أֻ侳ߣʸſ飬ͨʽΪŵŵӡ
ȻʣڵԼδؾͲͨſ飬ŹˣҲû취
֮ͻƵ侳أ
һ죬ҹ˯˹ȥһǰһΣΣһ磬ÿһϣڽչ
У·ΪһļѹӣǰյУߣʼһλǵŮ飬Ůɫ˫ƽҶ࣬ŮӣҲǲ˷ֺ
ˮŮӣóĲ
Ȼգеʼһתվںĸ֮ۡ⣬ңңһˣɣ𾴵ˣģʼʹ̲סȣȳѪ
뿪ԶԶ뿪
һߣ꣬Զ⣬ͷ¶УʼգһľԼĪ߷ֳС£һһľΪ棬ľ𽥳ǰߵŮӣľ֮ϣ
ظеľһ̧֣ľһߣһľУ̣ҹÿһ£·ϣµģֻԵʹ

جξѵĵͺ˺ҹգͷ˹ǰϵΣޱõΣеŮ˫˫ܣޱȡ
ȻΣȴóеͬܣ˺ѷεʹľһһ
ԣ˻ЩԴ죬е龰Һʲôطеһ߷ֳѵܣôܣֱ췽ҹ̷췽ҹ̷
֪ʱУɵ֣ͨеһɵͨһɡ
߳ľݣɽеľϣһľͷðźˮŷɵֶͨڲڣľ·Ϊеɵͨһ£ľ𽥻ŮӣԾе
һعеķɵͨһ̣£·˹ֻǣ֮䣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ΣҲ޷ϵһ
ǰһС˵̽ɣеĵһͨĵȴǽ֮УΪĵ
УĵʱƵأû֪ĵҲûܿĵγֵģ
һѷʺ˵ɴ۾ţ
ĵ׳֣һ֣ض񣬷˼
ҸղΣǲС˵ڼΪƣԼŮˣø𾴵Ĵ磬ϧԼİ飡һʼΪ˶ĵʼմű顣е·ǲС˵ȫغһ𣬲֪ʱ﷢ĳ̾Ŀ⸴ӡ
ǰС˵ķɵͨһ·ûֹΡ
֮䣬кι
벻͸
ܿ϶һ㣬ǾǣһΣǴӾͨһɫƣں󣬲ſʼġ
ǸϿʼһֱΣͬһΣϵ·𳹵׻еͬϲŭ֣İ飬飬ʹ࡭
ˡеķɵͨתš
һ̣оɵͨ·Լһ֣໥֮䣬޼䣬ʱѪڵͻƵ侳󣬷ɵͨת䡣
һϤϢóɫ䣬ؿеķɵ֪ͨʱһơơƣȻȴ·ں
֡ơϤգ̨ϣϷٶ֣ѹƣˣɢµƣֶ£侳ߣܵ˼Ӱ졣
ƼҵĻ壬һӶƣͬˣ
ƣһ˵ֻ侳нߣſʼӴơڣڷɵ֮ͨϣƣչ˳ȻֻһӣţֻҪԼŬȻ׳ɳջһò
ףɵͨơɣζţԼӴ򣬸һ
ͽ似ѵצᵽأơͽ似αس죬Ҳᵽأơ
ȻѵצƣαسƣɵͨĵƣָԲͬ


83 ۱
ɽ֮УȪһ࣬һʯϵĳľרעޱȣзɵ֣ͨһ£أľŮӣŮӣȴеŮӣǡ

һеġﵭһЦһߣһľУҶࡱ̬ȣţһľľٻҲڳǰ
һһľУеķɵͨûֹͣӴ׽֮ˣһһľ֣󲮳ۡɡ¸յˡ
󣬳Ҳ֪Լ˶ľһľ˶ǰĴ确硯иºͣ磬Ժ˵Ȼȴûа뼫š㣬أ겻϶˺ܶࡣ
ͬʱУɵͨϵġơƺΪ⣬Ϊˡ
Գ֮𣬱ûǸΣȻȴ˵ľϰߣһ֮ˡ
﷢֣Լȫעľʱĵƣһֻٶţʱ䣬ƣѴɱѿ
ɵͨûУۣһηɵɵŷƥĵƣɽһŵһնϣûɽ֮УĹ֡
ƣȻǿ󣡡˫һ
粽뿪ɽܿ죬ҵȫȫ֮Уа취õ鵤
ȫ˵ͷ鵤ͬѰҩΪ󣬾ŵҲûУеš۱¡ȥлõ˵ھ۱Уֻо鵤ҩͨУ
۱£
˫һ̲סʣ۱£ôߣ
۱£ɲһĵطǼţ۱µͷһˣҵϾ۱£ȡ裡ȫۿ޲ֱӳϾ۱£ѵ
ţһо۱ûô򵥡
ȫУأ˽⵽۱ڼŵλ
۱£ǼΪغʥ֮أ˸̤룬˸ȥҲЩ־ʤһеţڼţŵӣֻ˵۱֪֮۱浽ʲô
ǣһ㣬Ŵ󲿷˶֪˵ֻҪͨ۱µĿ飬ܵõ۱ϵıܵõӣʧܣΪ¾۱£Ϊĳͷ
̨ۣ֮֮ϣһ塣
֮Уһڿ˵ɽͨͨ۱µΨһͨ
ȫдϸ󣬳˾֮еͨڡ
ͨڣ߳۵ŵӿأ¶죬һʣ˵أֻ·۱£
۱£ûκγɣȻ
ˣ۱£δñ飬ܵΪĳͷȻЩڳͣͳһŵӣŵӣǺ˵
лλʦѣһҪȥ΢Цһ
Ȼˣȥɣػ۱µǰ˵ݺָ£ȥս۱ˡ
ۿ̤ͨŵӶԷп𾪣һ˵ͣͲ侳أ֮УʱôһλţȥҾδŹ
Ҳû˵ҿҪôλʦ̫躹ޣҪôλʦܣհǼûá
ͨȥͬʱ˵ǰһŵӳҪս۱¡
˳ͨ뾡ͷص
Ƭ֮ͨͷһɳƵݹ
ǡӦһߡ
ܿ죬˳Ż谵ͨ￴ǰ澡ͷй⣬ȥܿ죬һխʯ֮С
ʯ򵥣һʯһ̨Ŀ⣬ʯϣ棬ɽ֪ղŵǰ˴кǰ
Ҫսر£˫ǵӣɲǼ·ޣӵĳһæĿƿ
ǡ˿ͷ
Ҫʲô
鵤ͨԿɡ
ţ侳أ꼸ꣿһۣ˳Ϊ
ʮꡣʵ˵
ţ츳ȥɣ۱£۱ǧƣжΪӶÿ飬ֻҪܶסԾ۱ϷԪϵ㣬޹ģͿȡþ鵤˵Ҫõͨϵ㣬Ĳ㿪ʼҪٴĺ֮ƣڲ侳أδơȰ㣬ܵõ鵤ʿɶֹˮһա
ָָʯһߣǿ츳ϸｲһ˳һ䣬˵󣬷±Ŀ
лǰмл߳
ʯһߣ³ڣ̽ͷȥ۱£Կ۱һ࣬һֱʵʯݣʯ֮ͨУһȥܿ۱µһĹ⾰˿ʯݣʼ
յϼʯף͸оŨԪָоϤѡʱ֮Ϊƣֻǣ֮УŨԪҪ˼ȥطԪҪ˼¾۱£
һʧ㣬ζʧܣ۱¡
Ԫ˵һ㣬˵һ޹ģһ㣬ûб
һ޹Ļ죬ɲǼ䣬͸о¸ΪŨԪѹϣʱȫſ߽׹ʩΪԪﾡ
ԽϣԪŨ̶Խ£Թȥ֮ľ飬ټһͨƾ裬Ҫȡõľ鵤Ӧò¡
ʯݣϣ۱ϿգԪΪ嫶䡣
ףսڲŸոտʼ
۱µһ޹ĵɲǣţһ޹ˣ˵˾۱£
Уȥս۱µˣָмˣеٮٮߣɼǣʱҲδھ۱ȡñ飬ɼõһˣҪ̤㣬ͱ嫵Ԫ£츳ͨ޷סԪĺ
գ˵˾۱£
ţˣܿ죬۱֮أ̨ڣŵӷ׷׻۶Ҫٽһʢŵս۱£ڼУһϡ¡
ȥˡ
̨֮УƺƵȺУȫݺ˿ĭף۱޹֮ˣǳɡ
ͳϡʱӿŵӷ׷ÿ·һľݵˣŵӣֻ̤ǣĿȴھ۱·򣬶һߡ
ֻ߿һֻɫ¶Σ
ǼʲôĿ¶졣


84 ޹ĵ
ˡ
һ޹š
ڶڶˣ̨֮ϵļŵӣ׷׾û۱µڶ޹ģգս۱֮ˣŲ츳˶棬ˣǷ޹ģȡñ
Ȼܿ죬̨ϵļŵӣ׷ɫ䣬עӾ۱·תƵһߡ
߿֮ϣɫХµƺ嫶䣬ѹ̨ϵļŵӴѹ֣ûгãִֻϡ粽µġơ˲˺ɫơ
ӡɫ֮ˣȻ
ӣǵ֮һϻ´侳ǿߣղǿµƣֻ
ϻǼûʲôǼʲô

˵ĳƺ̨ϵļŵӷ׷׷Ӧ
ʱԦ£ںǰһЦλӦñǼִ֮һϰɣ
һ벻ϵҺһܱ֮ϵãܳ
ҡҡͷ˵Ϲǫˣ˭֪뼫ŴϺǰӶˣǼŵĶ֮š
ò˵˷УҲЩƮƮȻһЦֱ⣬ӹˣȴ֪һҼţΪ£
䣬Ϻ˸ֻĿһϣʵգ˵أΪһհ뼫Ų֮ˣ֮Щᣬһһᡣ
ԣ̲סһ
ʱԷ촫ӰԸ߿£һӣһˣһѳϢü䲻ŭ躹ޣͨʵ򲻷
ϣ
̨֮ϵļŵӣӭˣ¶һû뵽ʹ϶ˣҲ֪λžͷΪ۱µĶΪ
Ҷ곤ϡԶ˵ͷһЦǴк
ӣɺãҶ족վʦȾԡ
лҶģҸܺá
΢ЦӦȴ̲סһҶ죬վѹѹ֣ѹָλʱһͣ˵ҶһΪ٣һ鴫
Ҷͷ漴ʣӴ֪Ϊ£
ˡ
׼ڣһ޹һ۱·̲סҶ죬Ҷǹھ۱޹죿ղţһ֮⣬˹ǵ˰ɣ
Ҽž۱޹֮ȷǵ졣Ҷһ۱µķ򣬾۱޹֮˵죬ʱ뼫ţֱڣǵڶ۱µ޹졣
һΣ۱޹ģʦ֣죡
˭Ҷ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ۿһƲӣҶ쿴һɫӣȻǼУȴһУǰ˺֪жˣЦźˣ
Ȼʱ˿̣ž۱··𿴵ϣ
òѹмҶ쿴δڣִϺһŹ֣˵ӽҼţҪǼһӻᡣ
ҶһߵĴϺ꣬Ҳ̲סһ
ε֮һգǼţֻΪһŵӻ᣿
ʲôˣôӣ
ȴ֪ӴΪ˭Ҷʡ
ˣӦǰʱ뼫ţС˵ͬʱ˫亮⣬һš
Ҳû뵽ձϵ֮ˣٴ𣬶һٳΪԪУ˫ʮ꣬һΪ̤侳أ츳Ҫʤ١
ٴνԪ֪·֪һȥˡ
ԳƳ˭֪ֵõһϢǾǣңѱԪҷΪ壬ңڳ뿪Ԫ֮ǰҲ˳޴ʹúܡ
ȻԪңȻԪңȴҡ
ң˵ĺϻڣҲǲ
Գ츳뼫ţܵʵļŵӣмűӻǰһԸ
ϾţɲڣţĺϻһţԪСܱȡ
ԣҧҧһԮ֮ߣǾסڼź޷֮£һὫɱ󻼣
Ҷüͷһ壬ߵĺ꣬ϣ֪Ǽ
ҡͷδš
ۿҶ졢һãȻˣԳ츳ţûõŸ߲ӣ
ôܣ
˭ʶΧԶԶ˳ȥ
ͳϣǺʶʱŵӴС棬ָߵˣˣȫκˡ
ʱۿϡִϣԼĿɨ̲סɫ䡣
κ壬ôºˣˣҲ֪ѰﵽΪ£֮䣬ʲôìܡȫЦ
ʶˣĿ
ǣʶ侳ߣ΢ѹȥɫףκȿסص
ţκ彫ʶľһһʵ˵˳
ԪʥԺԺټ֮ˣ
һףô£˽ġҶЩЦãڼţͬ׵ʦظϣ۱֣ʦ塣
ںڣҶʡ
һҾ۱µ£󣬱۱ȥˡȫ˵
ʲôҶһĿƣɨ۱·򣬡˵ھ۱λ޹֮ˣǳ
ǡȫӲͷƤص
Ȼһкһţ֪ŴӳɳպؽʳѰ
ŵľ۱£ȥҲš
˵Уڴ֮ǰֻһ˻޹ģǸˣ¾Ӹķ
ǡѪͳ죬ǹ족
죬˵ǼҶʦ֣һʵҶ֮ϡ
ӣ֪֮䣬кìܣлɽҹұ㵱һκСҶ쿴Ҫ˽֮ĶԹûгɳĵˣǺ¡
ЩΣǵȳ뿪۱£۰ɡ
ô˵ѵ˵ϵ˳
Ϊ磬ϵһ˵ɱ
Ҷ쵹Ҳû룬˵ͷž۱·򣬡Ҳá


85 Ŀ
۱¡
ͷѪѪӰƣѪͨſѪڣŨԪ׷ױУѹ
޹֮󣬳ｫλڵһƿ鵤ȡ£Ŀ⣬˵Ĳ㣬ݾ۱µػԣĲ㿪ʼŸΪŨԪХģǿµġơ
δƣʹ˰֣ȻʱĲ㣬͸¶ַ֮⣡
ͨ
Ŀ꣬ڵͨϣͨҩЧȾ鵤ǿҪǣͨ;鵤ҩЧǿԵӵģһԪɵһǵʦƵĵҩ
һΣڼʥԺͨҲһΣȫǷܽͨ뻳Уʱûо̫ѹҵľͨͷɵͨûֶξĿסұ뿪˴㣬ĵòգˣ޻ڡ
۱£ֻ˾鵤뿪ġ
Ĳ㣡Ŀᶨ粽ߡ
ɽ֮УʯϵĻˣ֪ʱٴ˫ѵ¶һЦ⣬Сһ˲ãҪսĲ㡣侳صΪдԵǰơȻףСһ𾪣
ͻȻ˵һתż־졣
С֮󣬼ţ֮ڳ˸ĵˡ˵𽥳š
飡صһţھ۱µĲ㡣
׼Ĳ޹ĵĳ͸Ӧߺ嫵Ԫ䣬ѪͨٵסŨԪ˿һͷ֣ͨѪֵͨоͨ룬߿µŨԪס
Ȼһлû꣬Ԫ⣬һɿֲġơ䣬ѹóɫһ䣬һ̣·ֻص˻ʱ̨ϣԦٵһĻһ̵ѹ֣졣
˿£˫˸ź⣬Уɵͨ۳Ρ
Ŀâŷƥĵƣһʯ쾪ƣ·˺һӣµѹ𽥼
ˡ
ֱ̧֣˾۱µĲ޹ģ޹ٴδš
̨
һڼŵӣž۱·¶Ͳ˼飬죬޹ĵ죡
ս۱֮ˣ˾۱µĲ㣡
޹ĵ죡ʦֶûܵϾ۱µĲ㣬ǡǸҴϲҶ죬ž۱·ߵĺϡϣһ㵡
ﾹ˼ž۱µĲ޹ģ˵츳Ҷ춨Ϊδϣɫ΢ϵɱ⣬šơȽȽ
оķչ·ЩĿˣ֮ҵᣬҶƤӵ£ɱ
ΣҲû뵽һžܲϣգҲɳ˾أ
Ҷעž۱·򣬵һŵɱ⣬Ǳˣ΢ĶԹûô򵥡
Σδϣ£
۱޹ĵ죬Ǻε֮ʣ
ɲΪǽһҲ˵۱мŴǧǧƣж۱֮ΪӶÿ飬ֻʮ֮䣬ӵһ侳Ϊһ츳ʤеˡ
Ψ֮ף̫ɣʮʱĳɾͣ⣡
ˡ۱У޹ٴδ죡
һʱ֮䣬̨֮ϣǵ
޹ĵ죬Ҽǧ꣬Ծ۱ǧƳɣ⻹ǵڶ죡ŴأǰǼֹһλ۱µ޹ĵľţǸţ޿ƥУѹǻңɵѡ뿪Ϊʢ֮شȥˣ
Ҷڼһʷ¡
޹ĵ죬˵츳뵱λǰ൱
һӹȥ̨֮һƬž
ˡã۱Уһ޹֮˺ƳգΪ֮ĲΪ֮ľ
죡
޹ĵ죡
ҶЦ޹ĵ󣬴̨˶ЦУϲã˷ܡ
ҶʱҶ졣
ţҶã΢Цʣӣ£
ҶһЩҪȥǲܵȵˡϣܴת棬˵һᣬϣҶ֮ˣڴл˵һ仰ҲҶӦնϣֱ뿪˼̨æޱȡ
Ҷüͷо֮£ûô򵥡
ǰظϣסˣ̤նûƶˡ
۱µ㣬װͨı뻳УͷѪͨͨǲϵתµԪɵͨʱƿգŷƣ˺Ѵġơ
߲㣬Ҳ֪ʲô֮£˼
һ˲䣬ֻоһһѪ³ͷѪͨͨɢΨзɵͨƾŵƣǿֵˣڵĳ¶ֱӺ¾۱ˡ
һߣѹҡҡͷףգԼֹֻڴˡ
߲㣬ܵȥģ룬ڵС
۱£һоŲ㣬ÿ㣬ֶһ󿲣ѿԽ
Ҳˣһ۱£ļ뿪ĳ¶㣬۱µ㿪ʼÿһ㶼бĿǰֻ֪ıǾ鵤ıͨûü
ǰ
صɽʯϵĻ
ܺãܺá˫¶ͣһΣҲˢ˾۱ǧļ¼֮ؽͬϣܹرģרעԼҪ׹Ӱ졣
Ȼ̫ףΪλ˵һﻹǹͷӦǡ
Ҿ˵˭ھ۱¸ôĶԭСӡЦͨ⣬һӰ粽롣
ϣﾪȣû뵽ظ˻
ţһЩҪϼһ˵ȥ棬кܶڵءؿ˳һۣһ̧֣ХֻһӰ֣˫צץסһ磬תʧɽ֮С
һƼֻоԴЩͣӦͷ֣Լͳͨ۱µͨ
ͨڣۿһӰץסȥ̨ŵһۣǶ֪֮ˣؽΪĿĽ㣬Ϊе֮ӡ
̨֮ϣֻһӰץһ£̨վʱӰɢȥ


86 ЦĿǳ
عĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻ֪ϲ򵥣ȴҲû뵽ϵʵ˿£ϵĴֱͨЯԶ۱£̨
ܿ죬ͷ̨֣֮ϣŵӣĿⶼϣͻȻǰȺֿһ·һżֳϢˣһ˺һ˵Ĵӵ£
ΧŵӵۣһЩʱҲ֪ǰ˵ݡ
Ҷ죬Ϻִ꣬Ϻ
ۿü䣬мƣֶա͡ĥϺִϺ֮䣬ѵʲôϵ
ǳҶ߹һºͿ
ϣִϡ΢΢Ƿ
Ҷ˵ͷ¶΢Ц˵ԭԪʥԺӣǷ׾ټ㵽ŵģ
ͷǡ
ôۿԼǰЩҶһ֣ƾնһöƣݸͬʱЦȻҼţǾҼŵĵˣպ󣬽ŵԼļҾǡԺʲôϵҪңֻҪʾöƣʱԼҡ
ҶĶΧļŵӵһƣƣ
գһμ棬ͽͳȥˣ
ֻΧļŵ𾪣ҶĴϺж¶˼֮ɫû뵽˺ǽպϣȫڴˡ
ʱϺ꿪ˣ֪ԳܸߣϾŲãûϤţͽƽǷЩף
껰лֻҪһˣе⣬޷Ǿ˵ţŶԳﲻ֪ףͳ˼ֵǷĶ
˵е㻹ǽɣҳεºܡ
ﵭɨ˺һֿۣҶ죬˵
ҶЩãҶͳȥĶջ֮ν˲ɣ˲ãͳöƸ㣬㡭ôѵΥ
ò˵Ҷһ˵óóϷֻܽơ
ƣȻ֪ڼŴ壬Σգ֮ͥ£Ҳ˵ʲô뷨ʹ㣬룬ڳ￴Լ֪֮ݶ飬
ۿҶˣֻܳĬĿУԼż
ףСӸղžǰ㿴㣬̫ˣע⵽˸ղųɨ丸̲ס꣬߷߲ƽ
һδɵСӶѣһ츳ԼĿأѳαһʶ괫ص
Ȼ˵ĿУƣ׺꣬Уߣ꣬˵һ𾴵ˣգһëͷСӣĸףܡ
üͷоһĿɨ̧ͷȥŷִϺһδı棬Ϊ˵ң
ͷҲ벻˶ȫղ۽ɨ˺ĸףҲǼŴϺһۡ
ʱҶ˵£ʣ۱µ޹ʱҲ˴˵أԣ㻯ᣬȴ֪֮䣬к᣿ԼĪһǰ£֮ˣת˼Ҵ뿪ˡ

ɲǼ䣬Уɱ䣡
Ҷһڿųһʱ䣬Ͳ޵Ŀ⣬ʬεĿ⣬ź嫵ɱ⣡󣬳֮䣬кìܣˡ
ɱ֮𣬶֮ޣĪڴˣ
˿ָ˹˵¾Ͳͷˣ֮£̫ӣԿ϶һ㣬ضݣգ˴ңƣġ
գﵱλʦֵܵ棬ڴģֻ֮꣬ҪŲңһǼ֮ˣԼţѣ̨ϼŵӵ棬ԡ
˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ҷ˶Ĵм
Ҷһ̾˵ͷо˳ľģȻ֪֮䣬кγԹĴڣѳΪ˳֮·ϵϰΪ˶ٳǰĶ
ᣬֻгԼܽ⿪޴Ӳ֡
ʱִϺվǰһ
ʲôҶɫ΢ǰһִϣԽ޴ңʵڲ
ԣȫΪţѻ˵ꡣϺ꣬Ҳˡ
ųӳ죬Ӹ£֪ʲôˣ
üȻ֪«ʲôҩﻹǵͷ˵ϻ֮ӣϻһһˣ֮һ
ͺһȻ㶼֪㻹ҪΪУ
ɱȻ֮䣬ݣκζ赲ɱ־ҳմ䣡
һ˵Ȼ̨ÿһ˵ĶУ󲿷˶Ⱦظܵ˳Ҫɱ־
ڳļŵӣٴοУż־⣬һ侳ͽߣһ侳߲ܹ棬ɲһе
ɼΣȻΪſǹûУʡ
ϣлֱ˵
գ㻯ìܣȴһڷ˿ءӽԹݣŶԣνٺһ棬Ȼ֪ǺϻǾӦ֪ϻڵ壡պ󣬾˳ʵɱǼҲؽۣӭϻڷıںεأ
Ŀɨʡ
ò˵ĻӰڳ༫ŵӣǷ׷׿жɣôһ˵պ󣬼ɱҲҪΪƨɣҪЩ޹ŵȥϻƴ
ûˣԸΪ˱˵ĸ˶Թȥڻҡ

ſЦڳдݿ̨
Цʲôɫһѵ˵
ϣЦЦĿǳ
ЦһգĿɭȻΪβ룬պҳʵɱѵͲҼ֮ˣɱϻڣֱ췭ظһǿݣǼܽϻɱʲôʱ򣬺ϻڵһУҼŵģ
ò˵һ˵ڳмŵӶѪڣϻڸռУǺε׳־
ˣ㲻ã̫ſ𣿡
븸ӱϺҲ̲ס˵ˣ̺Ц


87 ϣ
ſ񣿡
Ϻ̵Ļ̲סЦˣʵϣߣ׷ǿһնһ谭֮ģ̸գҳ»ΪҶҵģţõĽ˵һУ
һδɵСӣҲǰ̸
ۿﾹҳײǿġơϯֳɫһ䣬һЦҺ꣬Ŵϣ׷ʮ꣬һΪ̤侳أɾңҲŽϻڸһ侳ΪСޣ˴ʴʣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
˵ѹġơѹóɫࡣ
Ҷ죬һֱԱ߿ţղ˵һ֮·ֿԼʦ죬꣬һ֮У츳ߣ࣬޷죬ԸＫơ
ֻϧΪһ£ʦģһ̤뼫š
ҶףûеǼ£ŵʦ֣졣
󣬵ʦֽƼţڵļţ϶չ˼ΪµĵزҪɵϻڣ
ʵ֤д֮ˣ۵ʲôطǰ貣ʦ֣뿪ţӣƾԼһȺ侳ߣ˺պء
Ҷ׼֣Ϻʩڳ֮ʱҶ캧Ȼط֣ڳϣһɷƥĵƣϯ˲乤򣬾ͽ˺ѿ漴ӡ
ƣһһƣĵƲǿƺ̺ƲƵԣ侳ߵƶ˺죡Ҷһ¶ϲ֮ɫ֣ľϲԽԽࡣ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أҲˣ侳ʱˡơңƣһơ
ƣͨ似һ㣬Ҳŵȡ
磬ƣ෱еһ֣ơ
ڵ֮УΪԵĵƣĵƣһ֪ƷʼߵĵƣȻܽƾԣƿ侳ߵƣ
ɫһ䣬û뵽һ侳ߣˡơôƣ·׾پƿκƵѹȣĿ֮£·ܲΧŵӿĹĿ⡣
ղ˵Լ侳ߣȴһ侳߶ס
ں׼ȫʩΪʱҶĴ𣬼żֵȻϣ̫ˡ
һվһߣ˿ѹеŭ
ϣ
ƺƺ󣬳ĿȻղҲ˵ˣ׷ʮ꣬һΪ̤侳ءҵҪ㣬꼸꣬һΪΣ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳ء귴Цڣʶ֮Ĳˣ
ɫ䣬ҡҡͷô֪겻ʮ꣬ΪͲ侳أҪ׷㣬Ҳ¡Ҳ˵׷ʮڵУֻҪʮ꣬ʮǰ׷㣬Խ㣬ˣ
ɫһ˵ڿ
һɫ֮һ꣬ʱֻһ侳н߶ѣ츳Զȣһ㣬֪֮
Ȼգô༫ŵӵ棬˽˰̣ŭǣ
㾹ҶԴ񣡰Źأ𳤱ӦȥһΪۿ˱ĸףŭˣУԳ֡
Ҷɫһºɵڳ֮ĵϣϯɱ֮⾡ʱ̲ͫסһǡػ۱ʮأһΣ޹ģǵõϿɡ
ȥڣȻܿ죬ͽԭأֻǰϯ𣬵ǰͺֻҪǰһͻᱻһ㣬ָоԴĵ׸еͷʼð亹
ºˣϺɫһ䣬̤һѹ˹ȥ
ž˭ֻ֪һɨʮɳ׾ٻ˺ƣ˼ɫһ䣬𶯣⣬ʶʵĿ¡
ûƾ츳ͨԽˣ侳ǿߣҲδʵ
ͨ
ڰͳȥڣԳ֣ͳˣúͳϲҶҪѹˡ̫ˣ
û뵽ǼУδ֣ƾͨѹϡ

̨ϵļŵӣһƬû뵽֮УǿĴڡ
Сһʲôֱ˵Ŷ˼꣬ѹˣϼһһ㡣ϵشֻгҶ졢һʱ䣬길ɫһ
ȥǴδš
лǰæлȴޱȣֳ֪ô󶯾˭ˣǾ۱µλػˣǸ·Զʯϣɽˡ
ۿɢȥ̨￴꣬ڣϣղǷ㣬ֻҪ㣬ңҪҪɱˣ
ڵĺϻڣպֻ֮·ϵĵʯǣ⣬ԴϵͣպΪѣµţĥȥ˴ѪԣҲ⡣ϣ޷ҡҵ־ҵ֮·һǰκˣκ£޷赲
˵һ̾һϣˡ
ϣˡ
һ̺Ÿ̾ĻڳļŵӣҶڣԭء
һǹ˼ɸղλǿߣֱӾͱ𽫳ɱˣų˸ɱ⣬ȴɵޱȣ¸ղλǿߡ
СӡҶڳϣ·𿴵ʦӰӣԣ죬Ҫ޷죡
룬꣬ʦ죬ǰ֮µģȻôŵӵ棬Ŵ˵ϣˣ
ߣŭһź뿪ˣȥ֮ʱɷڡ
̨֮ϣҶкһųȥмŵӶ
գ۱޹ĵĳǼʶߵĿģȻҲһЩ̲ס룬ſ񣬲躹ޣϺִϣպ֮У϶кӹ
룬һ˶ܿ϶Ǿǣӽ󣬳ڼţһɳ죬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪κ˶޷ڸǣ
Ҫǣ֮УһλΪµǿߣڱӻ
һ㣬˶Ϊ֮ġ


88 ϲ
ղţԴ˵ǷȷʵЩˣϾǼŵĴϡ뿪̨Ҷ˳һۣ˵
˵Ƿд
ﷴʣΪԼ˵дңȥϺʲôǺͱˣ֮۱磬һֻ̤ײĵϼһû߸еܶ
˵öԣϾǳҶ̾ǰСһʦ쵱꣬һ죬һһη塣
ҴӾ۱³ʱһ㳤ӣˣ˾ңұؾˣ˲ңҺ뾴һ۴ϺִϺȥķ¶Ц
ˣ֮£ʹաΣԣǱϾųвǳͻȻͷԿ㡣ҶЩͷۣӣʦ죬أӲ
˿ɣǳһ𣬾ܳΪ֮
ģֻҪǲΪңԲǼƽϡ
ȥɣúսţʲôҪʱҡҶԳһͷ뿪۱ȥˣػͨڶкŵӵ˵ͷͨ˾۱ǰɽС
Ҷ쵽λȻһ㶼⡣
λʦ壬ӣǾΣλʱҶλһ𾴡
ˡʯϵĻˣ˫һƾҹշӶǡ
Ҳó츳ȵ컹Ҫߣ£ôزЩϼһ㡣ţϼһҲ߿һˣҲ֪Сһû͵ͷһ˸ǷظϣӰչ˫һţһ紵˻Ϊ١
ҶЦлû˵ʦˣֻܿϣʦ壬պ길ĳͻҲˣҵǡ
ϣĮҶĻɽлص£ɱ
һҶ֣صͷˡ
ߣһӰƳգӶһɫ硣
֮ϣ˫ű⣬۱޹ĵ죬ֻϣɳȵز֪ˣǸСʱұֱӳֽɱƽô鷳
Ҳû뵽Ϊ磬Ԫڣٵϡգɳȵزһõ˼ŵıӻ
ףƾüž۱޹츳ž¡
ڣҪɱ죡
뵽֮ĶԹһʼ磬һ˫޶Ҳˣɵ׼ʱ·ɱһǿߣˣƺóһʱ䡣
һΣԪȥ˵ˣֶãǨŭļ壬ȥϼ鷳˭ֵ֪õһϢļ壬֮ǰѾš
һ̣оΪ˸Եһ㣡
ָоúܡ
ȥϣԺҲֻϣĴ˫գĿ䵽¡
£ø߸ˣ۱޹ĵ죬츳պɳΪҺϻڵĸ󻼣
Ԧ񣬵һ·ϻڷ˻ȥ
š
ҹĻ𽥽٣ɽ֮У˫ۣܵȻȪ棬ֻоһˬ
֮£Щпֻȥ۱ȡ鵤ͨ˭뵽鵤ͨõֵͬʱţԽ̨
ţһȥìܣǺ𣿡
뵽ҶհתǷ̲ס¶Ц
գڣڣûһķϻͽˡ
գۿ츳ȫչ֣뼫ţõ˼ŵıӻҪͽ⣿
£ôõ
Ǻͺû뵽ԭǸӣߣһ֮ѡ뿪̨󣬳˿УҲ֪˴ϺִϺ֮Ĺϵ
գӾ۱³ͳƣǴϺ꣬һھֹ·պŲһ㡣
ţ͵£Ȿ˽£Լӣ˭֪û˵ʲôִϺһ֮ĳޣŴһ㡣
Ϻ֮꣬ǰֹƣ˵Ϊ룬ϣ岻ƣûõпԭ
ɺԼۣԴС侳ߵġơѹԼҪԼѳɣľĵѹ˵˵Ǽˡ
УִϺ˽𣬶֣ΪԼ׳ͷ˵Ȼ
һԸӣʲôԺУɵ÷ǡ׻˵úãѷ˸ۡ
Ȫ·صľ֮Уｫջȡ˳һö鵤һͨ⣬һ򿪱У棬ƽҩƿһö鵤
Ҫô鵤ʲôҡҡͷЦ
һУֻһö׹׹ʺ«״һ«Ť۲˰죬ﶼû«׹ʲôͬͨĵ׹ѣȻҲھ۱µ㣬ⲻǿô
ֽ׹ڲϣҡҡͷˣûҪƽЩԼεĿĴﵽˣ鵤ͨˡ
̤֮侳أţо鵤İӦڶʱͻơڴϣ￪ʼ
Ҷ˺Ϊһ츳ţĳһ죬Լ츳٣Ҷ϶ջԼơ
Ҷ統䱻ţȴûк޹˾һ㣬Ϊһ֮ҪǵĶʵ̫ˡ
ҪԼŬԼ
ֻҪչֳԼǷļֵҶ죬Ȼᾡܣøߡ
鵤£Ըоþ鵤þɢȫȻͬþɢҩɢþ鵤鵤۵Һ̬ҩ𽥵뾭֮С
¾鵤ͬʱҲûֹͣԪֶ֣߲ͨ£ŨԪ˷۶ԴԴϳ˳ڣ鵤ҩһ֮С
鵤ȻЧ
﷢֣ԪĻ£鵤ҩһֿµٶȣΪٶȣճĹƣ£ԼӦþͻƵ侳ء


89 侳أ
ţ۱£һֱʥصڡ
۱е޹ʮҲΣܵϵ㣬޹ģȻգ۱е޹ֻΣΡĴΡΣΣ
Ծ۱´֮𣬻ǵһˣƾһ츳ս۱µ޹ģ
֪۱´֮˶ףӽ󣬼Žһλ֮ţλ֮ţΪԪʥԺ
һʱ䣬£ϵųϡĵӣµŵӡŵӣ˲֪֮Щûڣؾų̂ȥմ֣˵ˣ˳ơ
ƣΪǷ
ܵеĵλ֪¶Ǽһϣδϣˡ
׻˵úã³׳һʱ䣬ڵͨϣֻΧŵӷ׷׹ϳһ棬ŵӣҲֵġ
£Ȼ֪ĸ㹻ʱ䶼ƴΪھ鵤İ£е˳ʱ䣬һΪɹ̤侳أ
̤侳غ󣬳Ըоɱ䣬һʱ䣬ӿһֳʵС
˫һţչֽţ߳ľݣ߳ɽ˭֪ճɽͷɽվˣһ˵Ŀⶼϣ̲סһô£
ǳ
ǳ֮ǰҲ̨ҼʱϡִϱۣҶѪڡ
ߣλǿ߳Ȼ֪˶ٴˡ
ôоЩء

һһӣü뿪巽ȥ
壬￴һԼĪʮߡ꣬߳۵ӣ΢Цʣʦ֣֪Ӹۡģ
һŵӣҪȥЩȣָָ֮ϣɽһģĸ̲ۡסѵɲܼģŵʲô£ȥҸһĳϣŵӣӦȥųϡ
лʦѣ룬Ӧܼ΢Цлȥ
һŵӣôĿŵӣҲ˵ܼġŵҡҡͷܿ죬ųԶȥıӰԭأղôû⣬ʮˡ꣬һŵӷΡ÷зǸɣ
Խ룬ŵӾԽȷϣû֮⣬ղôû֣ҪȻϼ䣬ܸѡ
ĸ֮ۡǰŵվһ㣬Զ΢΢һЦλʦ֣
˵ţҲȶ˿ڣȡҶʱͫһȻ㡭ǳ
ͷ
˵ǳʦֱӴȥһŵӣ΢ЦԳ˵ţһ˵һʹųۡ
ʦܣ˲ã˾۱µ޹ģڽԾҪ֪Ծ۱´֮𣬽ǧ֮ǰս۱ȡóɼ֮ˣҲǻ˵޹ģλʦǼǰ绪Ǹʱǻңмӡ˵ŵһ羴
̲סһ
Ծ۱µ֪ȫԣ֪ʮ۱һܵϵ㣬޹ģڶʮǰһˣ޹ģǸˣǵպĵһӡѪͳ죬ǹ족
ȴ뵽ǰ֮Уȱ޹ġ
۱Ŀ飬жѣΪ۱֮ˣ֪۱£վ۱ػ˵Ļ˵۱ǧƣжΪĿ飬侳УҶԣзɵͨ˵ƵҲ֣
Ҫǣ۱µĲ㿪ʼҪٵŨԪΪ£ܵϵ㣬ȫΪӵ츳ͨͨԪѹ޹ġ
һߣҪȥѱȵ졣
ǰȱϹ㣿
ʶλȱ츳֮£˫һĴڡ
ٴμҶ죬ҶںԺŻݣۿﵽҶ΢΢һЦеĻӭܿ죬ϵЦݣ̣Щŵʣ㡭ͻˣ
΢Цͷо鵤ǿͻơ
Ҷһ̾츳澪ˡѰ侳ߣ㵽ٽ㣬þ鵤ҲҪѸ²ͻƣ㣬֮ǰ۲Ϊ侳ٽ㣬һξ롣
ҶΪȻ侳һǿڣһ۾ܳ׿͸Ϊ
ԣǫһЦ
侳أԲμ߸ºһεſˡҶЦ
߸£û뵽ôá
ôӾãſˣһֱһһΣһΣǰҶЦ
˵ͷ΢ǸɱŵŶŶһͨſ˵ŵӣֻϧŶ۾ˣҹϮɱɱ£ˤࡣ
Ŷ֮ףֻҪٻȥ״ûܲ鵽ϡ
ңҲνˣ㱻˲Լ̬ȣΪһŶͷ
ſ֮ǰ㵹һᣬԳΪŵӡҶص
ԣ˫һк棬ʲô᣿
Ŵȣ
Ŵȣ˫һ
ԣŴȡҶͷŴȣֻΪ׶ΣһŵӴȣһŵӴȣŵӴȡʱŵӴʱսŵӣֻҪܽܣ㽫λãΪŵӣ򱻱Ϊһŵӡ
˫һŴȣʲôʱУ
ŴȣһΣһΣº󡣡Ҷ˵
ô˵ͷ
ңӦòֻңͻƵ侳˰ɣҶЦʡ
ȻǡһЦ˵Ҫһ׵ؼϵ
ŶģʲôҶʡ
ｫһ߽׹ˡȡ˳ݸҶ졣
ţĹ߽׹еһҶε۹⣬һ۾Ϳ˾˵Ĳ
ͻȻҶʲôЦЦȻܵϾ۱µ㣬޹ģأӦ˫ͨӵ߰ɣ
˫ͨӵߣ


90 ʤ
˫ͨӵߣ
ҶĻһΪô˵
ҶһЦΪǰǼţ֮ǰ۱µ޹ĵλȱأ˫ͨӵߣңλȱ츳ͨƷʶߣ˵ã㲻ֻϾ۱µ㣬˵㣬Ҳ²⣬ӦҲ˫ͨӵߡ
˿ղҶһڣΪԼĵϸҶ쿴ˣԭһֻҶĲ²⡣
ﻹ̲ס̾Ҷϸģһ֮
Ҷû߽׹˻ͬʱ㽫Ĺ似似ʩչҿǷ㣬˳츳ͨʩչҿ
ףҶ˵ҪԼ似츳ͨΪԼѡؼûеһ̧֣ѵצʩչʮצֶ£磬µһһ㣬ѵؾһ𣬿·𶼱˺ƣ̶ƿ
ѵצʩչϣһαسʩչգۼ䣬ӳ֮Զ
ڳͷѪ֣ͨצӴ趯֮ۡ
ۿʩչѵצαس죬Ҷһ򶨣ɵ츳ͨʱʱɫ䣬ڣʶΪʲô۱µ޹ˣͨ츳ͨȻͨ
ǧʷϣֹľǿߣҲֹӵͨš
ͨ츳ͨУƷߵͨͨеٮٮߣ֪ͨУû˵ʲôͨܳͨԺͨͨȻУȴҲǷëǰĴڡ
ܿ죬Ҷ췢֣ųͷͨһ⣬ڣĳѥצ͸˫Ҳצ£ԴһѪɫƬ鲼
ʱĳ£ɭȻ֮ﵽĳ̶ֳȣ۶ɵ
ѵצÿһצ£Ҷһͨں϶ɵİ֮壬ʵǿ󣬿֮壬ܿڵĳǱ侳ߣҲضá
⻹ǳûõƣõƣ侳ߣˡơҲǳĶ֡
ĵƣʶһּΪµĵơ
ʺҵѥӣѪͨ󣬳￴Լצ͸ѥӣһЦ
ҶҲˣһЦȡһ˫µѥӻϣڼʶ˳ֶκһֱûƽ
˫ͨӵߣͨ츳ͨԲƽãǳֶξѰ侳ߣҲδǳĶ֡
ӵͨţԽ׶ԵУǺѰ£ټϳĵƣδչֵĵڶ츳ͨȫʩΪʵԶ
ƽ¼Ҷ쿪ʼĹ似ǵؼн似
ҡͷǣǵؼͽ似
Ҷ쾪ȣؼͽ似׵ؼͽ似ܺʹ󲿷ֵؼн似ˣҿ֣似ķӵǰ֮ϣڣܵˣ
Ҷ첻Ǽһʦһ۾Ϳѵצľ裬óķڷǡ
û´似أơҶֵ
ԣһȻû뵽Ҷⶼܿ
Ҫ֪Ǭ½ϵÿһ׵ؼ似ǹ±ɲΪҶǰѵצѵצظظ˽͸ģҶû˿ϵ
ľȣҶ쵭һЦʵⲻѲ²⣬֮ǰ˵׹似Ժʹ󲿷ֵؼн׹似⣬һؼн似ơ󲿷ֵؼͽ似زƣһЩƷ͵ĵؼͽ似شɣơ
似ϵãǼţӦǷ׽ģסαس졯ϾԴ켶似س졯һ׺ܲ似ԵʱܳϣֶΣյЧҶ
˵ʱҶ̲ס鴤һ£֪ԪʥԺѡΣǰҲ˵ʱõαس족ʱ䣬αسأ似𾪡
ͷҶһԼ似ȫµʶ
ֻǣУһֱиɻ̲ס˳ؼ似ơȴ֪ʲôƣ
ҶһЦ˵ƣ˵ЩˣΪƵ༫࣬ϸαس֮ƣҵ֪һϾУȥҲαسƣαس֮ƣǡ֮ơ磬ٶȣһ似֮ƣǷ֮ơ
֮棬ֻΪԵķ֮ƣЩԺҪԼȥˡ
ͷ֮·ֻţȥֻܿԼǿȥ߱߹·һע̫ɾ͡
סһ㣬еĵؼ似ĿģֻһǾơÿһ׵ؼ似ָƣָԲͬͬһ׵ؼ似պƣҲͬ
ҶĻΪﳨһصĴţЩǹȥ֪ģؼ似Խ߼ƾԽǿؼ似ֻƵĹߣԽ߼ĵؼ似ֻƵĹ̡ʱ䡣
ؼ似ĿģΪơ
һƣԽ似ȫȫԼ֮ƣ뵽̲סѿڶʤУ
ʤУ
ҶĻһܿ죬ӦһЦӿɽ̣ؼ似һƣȷʵԳ֮ΪʤСû뵽㲻ֻ츳ܳڳ򵥵֣似ĿġţԺŽŵйءơ⣬áʤСʵ
ǳƤҲ̲סЩ̣ﰵүӣɲҪ˼ҵģĪ֣Ī֡
׻˵úãһϯʤʮ顣
գҶһµʶؼ似ǵؼͽ似ǵؼн似ؼ߽似ĿģֻһǾƣ
켶似أ뵽˵ؼ似棬Ϊϲ켶似
켶似˵ǼţǿĻңǧ꣬һףֻ켶ͽ似˵ÿһ켶似ֿںһġơؼ似ͬն켶似ں֮ƣһʩΪʯ쾪ѰܱȣҶ˵
󾪣켶似Ȼںһ֡ơףǾԲһһô򵥡
ҶһЦ˽еһʺĹؼ߽׹


91 ڹ䣡
ؼ߽׹
Ҷ컰䣬ĺЩ
似ͬ似Ŀģơغԣ磬ĳҹ׻Ƽ߽׹˾޳ɺһ羪κˣ಻
ת޵߽׹ˡԳ֮Ϊ˾棬ֻź˾ԣһھأһʩչ˹ˣһ˸һǿоˣ
šҶ΢ЦͷƼ䣬ƾճһ׹ӲɣĹϣɷд֡
䣡
ۿ׹ƾճҶУĿ⣬ҶϵʯϣһָȻָ
ָﵱ˵һԸһöԼָ
ָǬΪأԣԪǻңҲûָ
ܿ죬עڼϣ䣬׹֮֮ͬнӹ䣬һһҳóͫһ䣬ؼ߽׹ڹΨ̳ˣ
ڹ
ţ䡭
ȱѵΨ̳˿ҡЦȻһ׵ؼ߽׹ף׹һǺͼųװһˡ
ԼԺᱳѼţ̨֮ģֻҪŲᱳš
ɾˣԸⱻһ㼫ŵУʥ£ȻȴûʲôȤģǵ֮⣬Ϊʢ֮ȥǳΪΪǬ½еһֻ֮ܡ
ҶΪһ۾Ϳ˳뷨һЦ䣬Ϊ̳ˣһҪʺ̨Ҫ뿪Ҳǿ㣬ʱҸųͷΣˡ
оҶģ˿صͷл
Ҷ˵ŴȣȫΪųϺŵӶʶһʵŴȽұѸţΪһ̳ˣΪҵ״ӣʱŽ߾ȫ㡣
һš
ǷȻ֪ҶΪһ츳ŴҶΪȫҶ죬Ǵ֮ɲš
һʱ䣬ģġ
һ̣֮Уڼţ֪˼ֹС
ţţ
ȥɣʱ䣬úҶ΢Ц
ǡһ뿪˴Ժ߳ۡ
ųıӰʧǰۡŵŵӣ¶־ɣղۡ棬񴫳һ֮Ҳ֪Ƿйϵ

Ѳɣ츳ͨͨ
صɽʱ﷢ŵѾɢȥһ·˲ŵĿ
󣬳ĵһ£Ƿļڹ䡱
䣬ؼ߽׹ڹǷܺ棬䣬һᷢʲôת䡣
ȻϸϸطȥˣΣ̾˿ѹ֣ѹ˵׹ʺң׹ֹʺңֱʺκˣ
ԭ䣬ѰͬѰͬԵȻ䣬ûⷽĽ綨һ׿ߵǰƷ湦ͬʱ֮ǰľˣ
ˣΪ߽׹شɣˣһ˸һǿ˾زǽ׹˼¡
Ȼ䣬ˣپڡء
䣬һӹĹԣ߱ȻΪӹʹԣκι֮У޷ŴУ˽ԴƼޣӵʮˣʮһˣʮˡ
ˣһ뼫ԣ£Աؼ߽׹
ܽһ߽׹ؼ߽ף䣬
Ǽŵڹ̲ס̾
ˣ˵ڰأãܲھأʱ򣬵ʱ䣬ƾ˵ļޣһӵиΪ
鵤ҩѾȫգｫͨ£ͨҩ鵤ɰԵ࣬һҹ֮䣬ֻһС֣ܸоԼ侳صΪȹ
֮󣬳ѵצαس죬̲˵ء
쳵ɾޣ߳ɽٴ̤ţ̨ȥһЩŵԼսУͻƺһɱ䡣
̨֮ϣų̤룬ŵĿ⡣
ڿŵˣ̨˶̲ס棬ѵҲԼģ
Զ̶ƿ˳ע⣬һӢˬӰǹͨ鶯ޱȣ绯һѪ֮ߣĶ֣ϸһһ侳صһŵӣֻǣһŵֶξδռϷ磡
ѹȫдͨǰǿͨˣʵȷʵ΢΢ͷǰһӢˬӰǱˣǳӵе֮صԭˣٻ
һʱ䲻ٻʵǿˡ
ٻȻǿϾֻ侳һߣʱڣҲ޷֣ܶʱٻһϵһ𣬾Ƿ˼ɱ䡣
ͻˡһٻȻͻˣ
ͻƣҪ츳ԵģǳȥҲͻƹ
ٻһͻƣ·Ծţһǹ£ƺ嫣˲ֵ츳ͨ˶֡
ʲôٻüһ̧ͷ˳Ŀһеһս
ȻʮǰҲ˵˳ھ۱µ£츳ǿͱϾͻƣĴǣҪӳУԼ֮أڵ֮أûȪݣϰߡ

Χŵӣͱٻ侳һŵһսûֳٻڣĿǺ棬Ƿ׷תͷ棬ǷӦս
ҡͷһЦ㲻ҵĶ֡
ٻˣ֪侳ߣһԣ治Ķ֣Ҳ뿴֮Ĳࡣ
ǿŮӣ־ͣη壬Χŵӣ̲סԲλࡣ
ףٻԸԼղ³ǲˣĿ֮£߽˳УվٻԶٻţȻ㲻Ҫսɡ
ۿ³߶ʱԶһЩ˶ߵŵӣҲ׷Χ˹


92 å
Χ۵ŵԽԽָָ࣬㣬£ﲻΪƽؿٻ
ǵãһμٻʱɽȪ֮УʱٻɴˮܽأһΣٻ͵ϴĵͽӣڶμ̨֮ϣٻŵŶΪͷֹμɱŶ
գٻĵĴμ档
̶Ĵμ棬ٻкøУȻֺøУֻǵͣĶ
ţٻӢˬӰˣ»ûһӰԽ似ʩչ˼¡
һ˫ӶٻУ۳һǹܿ죬ǹ֣ͨгǹںһ𣬶ųһǹ̳
һǹǹÿһε𶯣
һǹ̺似ٻ似ķǹС
ոͻƵ侳أȫʩΪٻֻоëſ泩ޱȣԶûκζĳ̲סͺߡ
һСΪڵǹȥɣ
ݣһǹ֮ը첻ϣֱӳ
ﲻòϣٻڵʵһμʱȷʵǿ࣬ͬնڽһֱԭ̤
ۿٻ˴ǹɱ̧֣һһٻʱһ㣬һƣ̺ѵצķصбĳٻڵĳǹǹ
ĶΧŵˣֻһ뷨̫д˰ɣ
Ȼһ̣ۿһ£̶ը죬Ǿؿһƣٻеǹֱͨӻɢ
һ棬ٻͰˣ
ۣһѪٻ欵֮ˤ·Я޾Ĺԡ
Ůˣ
ɫһ䣬һû뵽ٻ˺ǿٻղŵһǹѾȫͨʱûͣΣԴ˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ٻɳ֮ԶٻɳķһʯյһǣײȥһײԴʮ
Χŵӣ䲻ʵǿŵӣȻ˿˶һĻˣûӦ
м˷Ӧ׼ʱǿﶯˡ
ʧԭأһ̣׿⣬䣬ٻǰ˫һţٻ뻳УٻЯµĹԣųݺײʯա
ߣ𶯣óһ𣬺һҺã侳ϴޱȣȻһײҪϼͷ
žڳ쿴ٻûµʱһ磬ŻĶϮڳһӡţٻŭȣå
å
Щ£ΣڷӦɨٻһۣԹվ߿ʼգû˵һϻ
Ǻĵ¿ηΣ
֪ײȥˣµãûһл˵ռ˵åƽ޹ʰһơ
Ŀ⣬ٻЩ̲סһŭһᱡˣ
ܿ죬ų߿һʯճٻǰɲǼ䣬ٻף׸ղŷʲôûڣ֪Լ˳ԼԼֻûлå˦һơ
Բ𣡡ųıӰٻæȵ
ܲ𡣡̺䣬ǧ֮⡣
ţ̧ͷ֣׼뿪̨ʱӰǰӣ߳۵ŵӡ
üͷһ壬һŻ𣬳ױ纮
һʱ䣬̨֮ϣŵӵע˹
׷磬ǸʲôٻȻϵ³ˡ
ٺ٣ʦãֻʶʶƵŵӣкθ֮һȽϸŵӣЦ漴ɨ˳һۣˣţԼһΣ
޳ܣŵӣһΪ侳أҲ˼ŵԼٻɫѿֹȻһŵӣٻǰȥʦãѵͲ뿴㱨𣿡
ҵ£ǹܣٻ
ʦãӦ֪¼ȻǿˣȻûв֮Ȼ֪϶Źǡ׷翪˵ᵽʱ˫֮УԶ־塣
˵һ飬ҵ£ǣ죬ûκιϵٻɫ࣬ŭ
ٸһλᣬﶢǰŵӸĿ絶
Сӣ֮ͥ£һŵӺȣжɫһ䣬һȭƣ𶯣ƿնƵݶ
̨ˣΪҪŰʱ򣬳ﶯˣÿһȭһαس֣˲䣬͵׿⣬һתһ˸
̧һƣϢĳڸת˲䣬ؿڡ
飡嫵һһ£ɳȥ̱ڵأȥ
̨֮ϣٻ׷ڣĿɿڴ޷ǰһġ
ʩչ似׾ÿŵӵĹһƣŵӻ裿
侳ŵӣ̨ûڳŵӣ붼ϵɾһˣôױŵˣٴ⣬Ҳڱһ侳߷ŵɣ
һʱ䣬һɨܿ죬˷侳أȻͻˣ
ʮ꣬侳ߣ
ڳŵӵģ̲סݺݳ鴤һ£ѹ֣ѹһƷŵԭڵҲ侳ߣ
Ȼ̤侳ˣһΪͻƺһսٻ¶ɬ뵽ղŵᣬ𼸷Ρ
һɨԹȥĸ̨ȥ
ˣߣ
׷綯ˣƮڳǰɫû뵽ﾹȻ̤侳أﰵ⣬Ǹ⣬δʤһ̤侳صŵӣжǿ
׷磬㡭
ٻɫһ䣬׷ɲȸ侳ŵӣֻǣտڣͱϣֻﵭɨһۣҵ£ֲܡ
ٻǺ죬С󣬺ʱ˵
ʦãЩˣɲ顣׷һЦ漴Ŀɨ
ڰ׷翪ǰһЦŰ׷磬ڣǲرѵң
׷ü˲ɣ
ͻȻָ̨֣·һ࣬Ǳߣһ̨СĹƽ̨һˣһƽ̨ϵĵשȾɺ죬۶ĿֻҪǼŵӣ֪ʲôط
ǼѪ̨
ŵӣлⲻĳޣɵѪ̨һݣ
ѵңȥΣ
Цúܹ죬׷һʱ̲סЦǲң·


93 
ǲң·
ӵɨ˰׷һۣҡ뿪̨
һŵӣȴѪһսûУûӦеĿֻĵڳ￴ˣֵȤûС
ۿһ仰ð׷ԭأ첻Ҷһʱ䣬̨֮ϣһƬ
׷磬侳ŵӣһ侳صŵסˣ
ǿʵڶˡ
ʲôǵõıӻþѪ̨Ҳɱ㣬ȻѪ̨׷˿ųıӰȵ·ҪһЩ档

ЦУתм׷磬ôԸĵȻôţΪβѪ̨Ѫ̨㣬㲻ɱңҲһңڣ㻹˵㲻Ѫ̨Ϊڣ㻹˵㲻Ѫ̨Ϊ˼ɱң
ģð׷ɫɷף޴ӷ
ԣȷʵˣȻΪʤԼһ̤Ѫ̨ʹŽԼϣ㲻ޣûҪΪһʱ֮Լ
ҪǣǰѪ̨ʱηԴĵ׸еɵ
̨֮ϣð׷Ҳ˵һ仰һĻڳŵ̲סп
ǻ۱µ޹֮ˣ
֮ˣ
ǸϺִϳͻ֮ˣ
ˣ־֣պɳǼз绪
һ
ۿٴת̤ȥٻڳϣ·𿴵Լ׵Ӱӣ̲ס룬Ǹ׼϶ҲϲɣˣһƢ
ղ˳Ŀ⣬У⸡ּΡ
̨ϵķ粨Գԣֻһ־磬Ȼһ־磬쫷ϯš
һʱ䣬£֪˳ͻƵ侳ص£֪˳սŵӰ׷Ѫ̨׷粻Ӧս¡
ʮ꣬侳أ츳ٴţ۱µ޹֮ˣȻͬ죡
ŵӡ׷硱һʱ䣬Ϊǰ˺Цϣˣ֪һŵӣһΪ侳أӦսһ̤侳صŵӵûС
գ׷緢֣ԼߵܿޱȹĿ⣬ŭѣжԳԹޡ
ڶգĿ֮£ٴ̨̤ԼսһЩŵӣȻֻдԼսңұؾˣѪ̨
Լսŵӣ侳صŵӣΧ۵ŵӶ棬Ƿܻ侳ŵӣ
Ȼվͽ侳صŵӡ裬˿Ϊ⣬Ż˳ĵ
һգջѹ׷ٴ̨̤ͨƾ似ܾŸ侳ŵӣ
Ŀ˳ֵŵӶʼգﶼûͨܵľˣֶͨξɻǱˡ
ʱǲʶĿ£̤侳زãͨԻ侳ŵӣã似ϵ裬𾪡
ȴ֪Щ֮⣬ﻹһΪ֪ܣǾ壬֮ƹޣﵽһޣ̶ȣԶѰߣܸ似
Σﲻܻͨ侳ŵӵϢ´
һʱ䣬֪Ϣ֮ˣκ̲ס֣
׷֪ϢظоյѡǶôǣʵ˿£ͨԻ侳ŵӣͨҲ˵ܻ侳ŵӡ
ԼӦ˳Ѫ̨֮Ѫ̨ϵģ»Լ
գٴ̨̤һΣû侳ŵӸӦս󣬳ѡһ侳ŵӣ侳ŵӱѡϣҲЩͷƤ飬츳ͨûκΰա
Ȼʵ֤ˣһսͬûͨ
ֻǣԽŵӾԽ𾪣ԼͨȫʩΪǿռϷ磬ɴ䡣
Ȼˣȴûκ˷ܿԣΪĿǰΪֹﻹûԼͨﶯ츳ͨԲǳĶ֡
ܻ۱µ޹ģ츳ε츳ͨôһ츳ͨ
Ǭ½У츳ǿߣ츳ͨɣ
Χ۵ŵӶЩ֣ΪγʼգûͨأͺڿԼͨһ㡣
˵ĺģ޾Խǲ츳ͨŵӾԽǺ棬һʱ䣬ڳͨ˵˵硡
ڣһŵӣԳۡſֵŵ죬˵һΣȥʱλѣۡ洫֮
һʱ䣬ڳ츳ͨǡͨ˵Ϊŷ
ͨͨеٮٮߣʷϣٳ֣ÿһγ֣ӵ֮ͨˣ˫֮ţ˫绪
ϢŵӺƺƵӿ̨׷ڴܿﶯáͨһĻֻǣעҪʧˣΪһ뿪̨ҲûϹ̨
ŵӵ˼գû׷׺棬ôͻȻˣ
ɽ֮УȻȪڣȪ棬ϣ¶ǳǳЦݣ߽׹ˣգ̤˵ھأգ̨һ侳ŵԣ츳ͨǷԽܣ
ͻȻüͷһ壬ɽͺȣ˭
ʱһӢˬӰ߽ɲٻ
ʲôŵüͷˡ
ι˵һˣôôСٻڳϣҶǸˣ㻹Ҫôκˣ϶Ҳɣ
ͺһУҾֵͽӣ
ٻգգ۾ֳб仺ƣæȴ㻹˼˵ϴΣ˭͵ϴģ
뵽£̾˿Ҹ˵⣬ңҲûʲô
ٻżЦ⣬ûʲô
ͷȻʱһɴ￴塭
оԼˣ΢΢̧ͷٻȻٻһ˫·һ䣬ۣ㶼ϵɴˣ˵ûʲôڣ㻹˵㲻ǵͽӣ
ǰٿĪˡ
һΣٻһЦ滨ˣˣ˵ϴ⣬ǰҲ⣬㳶ƽˣ
ʶԼٻˣˣҲСˣһͷĬˡ


94 򣬵ڶͨ
ƽų̂һһŮ˲߽ٴη
̨ϣһȺŵӵĿ⣬׷׻ϣߵŮӣһ̣·Ȼʧɫ
ˣ
ߵŮӣٻٻţ֮ҲǱǰӣ֪Ҫ̨Ҳ˹
ò˵ٻվһΪ䣬ɲŮò
̨ϵȺ֮ϴαȥġҲڡ
ٻڳߣ˵Ц¶ЦݣŮˣҲѰ·ٹһ£Ŵ֮ǰأʱҵҪصţﶷ
ϴα裬Ϊ裬Ȼѹȥҳﱨڶգۿ̨츳ܾͨŸ侳ŵӣܵŵӣмˣǿ
һ֪Լһûֱˡ
񿴵ٻһЩֻ
ˡ׳˶ͷţӣԶ̤Цס
ţһЦǰ֮ˣǰЩӣһս侳ŵӣʱԷͨȫʩΪʤûͨʱֱ䣬ҲûͨѩܣΪȫûҪ
һߣֻҪһһǰģʤҪҪǣǷԼʧǰ
ţֶԳߵٻ˵ͷٿʱĿ⣬ЩȻʲô˵ʲôһ㡣
ţھˣһսЦ侳ŵһսԾͻƵھغ󣬸ɱ䡣
֮䣬ûҪٱ˰ɣţһŹ¶ЦͨѷɫңǶͨûκΰա
ô϶ЦˣЦúܲá
ô㡭ѵ벻ͨһսţЩȡ
ͷ
ۿͷֻţˣΧŵҲˣѵΪֻǼʱ䣬ֲţ֮Ĳࣿ
һ侳ߣܱͨţȫʩΪͲˣѵսʤţ
ţʵ侳ŵУ㲻϶⣬Ҳϣ侳ΪͨսʤţΧŵӿǲܵ¡
ۿţ³˵ע׷׼Ƕϡ
ţɬ촽һսӲӲʵʵϴһս֮ͨ⣬Ҷ֪֪ףգҶͨȫʩΪһȭʤΣ
ͷһЦ˵Ҳɴ࣬ţҪСˡ
оţţ¶ɣѲɣżչȥﲻͨչֵʵ־ˣ
󲽿ţϷ·һ£Ϊ֮һҲ̨ʯשͣȻţһţԻٵѰʯש
ţɲǣͷһͷӴ׳˶ľţӰ֣ţ˫Ƶĺƴ
ɲǼ䣬ţľţͨһ⻪ڣ޺һ
ţ׳˶壬Ӳ˰ףߵվһװ˵ĳǰһˣţϣӰ֣һͷǿ׳ľţ·ݷţڣʱ׼ţս
Сˡţ˱仯ס
ͷ֪ʱѳȭƣʱ׼֡
ţˣӴ似ӵض֮һ𶯡
ţʱ򣬳Ҳˣαس֣粽֮ԶӭڵţۿţԼȭͷϼֵȭͷ̧֣ͬһȭӲȥ
ӲӲ
ţһȭ̺ؼ似ķţͨȥڣ֮Ϊ֮
һȭ̺ѵצķûͨƱţΪ硣
Ŀ֮£ţͳȭײһ
飡ȻһΧ۵ŵӣüǷ·𿴵˳嵹ɳȥһĻ֮ǰţӲƴֱӾͱţһȭɳȥ
ɽգǵԤϡ
ţԵС壬˿ȭϵӿ಻ȥڣ
ţųȭϵھŵ֣羪κ˰Ĵȭͷʼǳ˼ѹһ̣ɫ䣬ȭգԭأһ
һȭԺ䣬ﲻţ֮䣬У
һʱ䣬̨֮ϣ֮˷Ȼˣ侳ΪͨȫʩΪţ
ȻֻʤֺϾʤˣ𾪣û˻ɣ֮󣬳ｫٴһ漣
ţ˵ھܱĵھˣӿ²һ㣬ԻѰ侳ߣֻǣ֣ڵţЩԾ
ţǰţղɢţȭϵţ˺󣬾ͼʱ֣˵ţ˲Ŷԡ
ţ
һЩϵţŵӣҲ̲סţǱʵɵ˰ɣ
ꡣ̧֣ΧŵӽΪ֣ţڵ봫еġЩƣû뵽Լһȭţ˶һδϵĺ£
Ǭ½һ仰һ򣬼Ȯ죡
֪⡰򡱵ѵãԼһߵӰ졣
ţˣŵУ֮ˣҲ⣬һʱ䣬Ŀţϡ
򣬾ǣҲֻ˵δ
ʱ仺عȥţϣʼɢһİϢţͨϢȫȻͬɫĹţΧͨƬأһ̣ڣ˶ˣ⡭
ͨ˾
ţϳֵģһȫµͨͨ
һж򣬾˵ڶͨ
Ƕ򣿹Ȼһ򣬼Ȯ죡ӽţΪ˫ͨӵߣһɳ죡𺳣һ;嫣֮£δδš
һʱȥ̨֮ϵŵӣûţڶͨľлع
ʱţϵɫ֣ڣվһʱţ˫ۣһš
ţϲ΢Цţϲûκμʡ
ţϲΧŵӣҲ׷׿ڶţϲǶ֪ţնڶͨΪ˫ͨӵߣպһɳ죬ֻӡ
ţһЦ˵ͷ󣬿û뵽֮㲻ͨʤȫַֺնʵ֮ţġڴ֮ǰȴ֪˫ͨңǷʸ붯ͨȫֵһ£
ţڶͨΪ˫ͨӵߣٴս


95 ĵ
ţսԤϣܸоţڶͨͨŴǡ
ͨʶһּΪǿ츳ͨڼŻʶһˣȫ츳ͨǴͨ
һΣȫ̤侳һأƾͨԻѰ侳һߡ
ţղŵĶӦòֻ˵ڶͨɣЦЦţղţţϣһЩȤĶ
ţͫһһȻ㡭㷢ˣ
ͷţʱţעתƵţĵڶ֮ͨʱ۲΢û⵽Ķ
ţߴգΧŵһãȻѵղţ򣬳˾ĵڶͨʲôô
ܲóͨͿıˡﵭһЦӦţս
Ӧսţ˫һʱ䣬ţͷ֮ϣţ֣ͨٴλһˣͬʱ£ɫƬ̽棬ͨƥ
һſڳ֮˶ܸо´𵴣ͨͨأ֮
ţֱۻӶ˲䣬һɼżɬġơųѹ˹ȥ
Դˣɫ䣬·Ԥϵһ㣬ȻΧŵӷ׷׺ȻƣȻƣţղŶ򣬳˾ԼĵڶͨȻƣ
ûţڸղŵĶУֻ˵ڶͨĵؼн似ȭҲ̤˵أԼġơȭƣ
ЩţûӶѹʱͷˡ
ȭ
ȭƣ֮ӿѹ
ŵΪҪͨȫʱڳУΣһĵ£ţȭƣ¹䣬޿ײ롣
һ·Ϊһ壬еĵ·𱻸ƥĵƣϯ޼᲻ݣ
ˡ
ţȭƣųĵ£׾ƿ
ƿţȭƣѹţţåɫ䣬ȭƱƵֵĵơ
ݡž
ƣХ䣬ţΧɫ֣·𱻴һ㣬˲𣬾ţϵľţͨҲѹɢȥ
һ̣ţ弱ߴ£ĵѹöã¶˼ɵ;塣
һ棬ڶͨȭƣȫֵţְܡ
ϣ¶΢Цܸоĵƣǰָ࣬о
ÿµĵƣ
ǰţ֣ûõƣû뵽û֮ͨ⣬˺֣
侳أôµĵƣǺε츳ѹƣ

Χ۵ŵӣв侳صĴڣΪ侳ߣǻٶӴƣ˽һ硣
ĵƣţȭƣȫһΣ
̧֣ɢȥƥĵƣ֮ɢ
ģ֪Լ֮·ǰһ󲽡
Ȼһţأϱ鲼ˮղһɲǣоôٽ
Գ׷ˣΪѵڶͨȭƣԱȳóͨ˭֪ûֻͨ˹ȥδʩչĵƣһ׾ٻȭƣɢĴͨѹɢľţͨ
ƣ侳ߵ׷侳ߣΨƣܳƵеٮٮߡ
Ȼ侳֮±֮ˣҲûУ֮ˣÿһź
ǿĵƣ
ٻ¶ȣȻھƻһξ룬Сھг󣬼ʶһЩʿƣƣԼ⣬ܸоﵶƵĿ£ֱ޼᲻ݣﲻơ
Ҽʶһͨ𣿡
ţѾָվʵ
ڳУû̫Ӱ죬ʤú֮ܵģ
Χ˵Ŀ⣬ڳϣҪ֪£ڳӵͨ˵ڳ츳ͨͬ档
һЦͬʱͷһѪɫӰ۳ͣѪ֣ͨ趯ӴѪ۱鲼壬𣬷֮쳹̨¼פ塣
̨ϵŵӣһɫǺ죬ͨͨ
ͨԽ׶ΣֻҪɱһΣӦþܳ׻ˡ
û뵽ͨӵߣպǼţܳһһ
ߣУ츳ֻ̫ܸȣˣһЩ

֣ͨ𶯼壬µŵӷ׷׵̨ȴ֣ѾȥʱЩŵһض㣬Ϊûۼͨϧ
ܿ죬̨ϣĿó﻽ͨŵӵۣϣĹ⻪
ǵõһϢ׿ţǰȷϣһºŴȣμӣսŵӣš
գ̨֮Ϸ£עΪδһʱ䣬۵Ľ㡣
㣬Χ֣ţ
ţ֮ǰʶŵӲ࣬Ȼ֮ŵӶ֪гһ̨֮ϣĿ֮¡򡱣ֻ˵ڶͨȭơ
ȭҲˣ侳УƵĴڣɵڶͨˡ
ǧʷУÿһ˵ڶͨ˫ͨӵߣž޵ţǰƽ֮󣬱ؽһɳ죡
ӵͨȻûȥ̨ϻͨ£һš
ֻˣ붯ͨȭƵţһսֻһһͽţܡ
侳ߣƣ츳һ𾪡
һ֮˶֣ǳţ·ǰʧһ㣬һ¹ȥۿŴȽ٣˶ûٵ̨ĳĬ
壬ɽһ޴ϿȣϿһʯעĿ
ʯ֮ϣһ֣ϵ£аʮһˡ
һʯϣһֱ֣һʯ֮ϣʯ棬г
ƽʱط˲ŵӣһʯһ̸

Ӱ߽һˣһݵЩӣˣһ꣬һ꣬ʯǰŵӣ׷׶Ϊкż־⡣
ߵ磬ǿΪ
죬Žǰߣʮ꣬һΪ侳أ
ǰһΪ侳صŴո¶ͷǣȺ侳ŵӣʯڣΪ˽ʯϵŵӡ


96 
ʯǰԼλеʮߵüƺܲ⡣
ʱ꣬ŴٴεһΣ֣λǰʮݵˣе
ʯϵǰŴȺ
һ꣬ʮ꣬һ侳Ϊƾµ츳Խսʤ侳ŵӣһˣԭʯʮ֮ˣܺ󣬰֣ʯϵ֡
ʯϵŵһˣλе֮ˣͻ侳أ̤֮Ϊ˼źĵӣǵҲȥ
ԣӵʮλԶ˵ʮλ
ǰʮͺһһΣҵĿ꣬ǵһ
һ
Χŵӣ׷׵һ죬Ȼ
ƾһ侳ΪҪΪŵһ
Ȼڳ֮˶֪츳Ȼͬмûж֣Խ׶ԵУǼҳ㷹Ȼλʯǰ֮ˣһʡ͵ĵƣ
ʯϵŵһˣлǰŴȣһУλʯڶĵ֮ˣһǰ̤侳ûͻƣһʵ֮£֪
һ侳˼֮ˣǿԱԽսʤ
ĸ꣬ղ·ϣ˵ұչʱ䣬һŵӺٻߵúܽ
ǡ꣬Ǹ£Ŀż˷ܡ
֪ĵϸ𣿡кһ
гչʱ䣬հŵŵӣ˵ǴԪģûգͽ˾۱£˾۱µ޹ģţʱϺִ϶ˣӾ۱³ƣΪء˵
˾۱µ޹ģɫһ
۱£ǰҲ̤һΣǿ˵㣬ֻһ㣬޹ģȡñʧˣȥΣʧܸա
۱ڳ֮ˣû˱
أŸ˵һǰŵ¼ɫôҲû뵽չʱ䣬žŵӡ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أǿĵƣƾƣͽһȭƣһΪ侳ص˫ͨӵ߻ܡ
ͨͨ
һ̣оĪв
ڴ֮ǰһһ˶ɧһǿΪŵӣƽʱУ֮⣬κ˷
챾Ͳػ֮ˣΪü˵˳츳ĵһͷһὫɱҡ֮Уκ˲ԼͷϣǼһһˣ
ĵλκ˶ҡ
츳ٸΣûɳһֻϣ
ɱ⣬漴˫ۺ䣬ǳıӵٻҵŮˣŵ˭˲֪ҸٻôûҰ
ʯǰһȺˣ׷֪꣬Ҫùˡ
Ȼ츳Ͼ侳ߣѳɣԶڵĳܱȣԺĳʤ죬ɰʱɳ
Ϊ̨һŵҪ˼ɣɰȴ˼ɣΪҲк̨ĺ̨еλȻҲҪ֡
Ҳ˵ڵĳڰǰûκơ
ߣ죬㻹Դ󣬿ڱտ˵ٻŮˣҵǺ棬ٻʲôʱ򣬳ϹˣҿһУɣһŷ̵洫׳˶ţӰ̤룬ݡ
һʱ䣬ڣ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ţ
ţ
ţһһǰͳһʧҲûϹ̨û뵽ŴȽǳ

ŵӣϳţһЩûţģΧȻԭţһǰ̨϶򣬾˵ڶͨȭƵŵӡ
ţһʧһ£ٴγ֣ȻҸа壬𣿡
ȻţΪ˫ͨӵߣǿһǰֻ侳صţȻư죬Ѱ·
ţܺã֮Уû˸Ұ˵Ŀ粽ϣ¶˼һ̧֣׼ţ԰׵ĳХ
ߣţȻԴУͺһţ֣֣ͨͨһȭžȭƺ嫣˰һơ
˫ͨӵߣΣһ侳صķ
û뵽ţȻ˫ͨӵߣвһ£µƽ٣һƣţ˫ͨţ˳ȥ
ţɳײϿһ±ڣݺˤ䣬Ѫ˫Уȴ˸Ųĺ⡣
侳أţȻͻˣ
˫ͨӵߣȻĳôͻˡ
ͻΣڰǰһûκλ֮

Χŵӣ۷׷ףţͻƣǸ̾İԵʵ
һΪ˫ͨӵߣˣеͽղŵĻظһΣɱ㡣һɨţͳԵޱȡ
֮УѪ̨£һӲɱˣ첻ң
ޣţŰ죬мҪѵڶֺͨξ죬죬ʱ䣬㣡ֵܣʱ䣬㣡
˫ͨӵߣô𣿻У˵ֵܰңҺܺ棬λŵӣʯڼЦˣӣȫǲм֮ɫ
ֵܳǰţһŴȣȻʯ
ţֿ죬ʱһԺһһͬȥϦദͬʿ࣬ѣ˴֮䣬ꡣ
ʲôʱţֵˣѵǲʶΧŵӣ̲סһ
Цһ侳ߣ츳ٸߣ꣬ң浱ҰӲɣЦߵĸͰ׷磬ҲЦˡ
ţһ͸˵Ҫ侲嶯ͷ蹷ô࣬ҧҪÿȮģⲡεġ
ʱһϿ洫漴ԿһһŮ߽ǳٻ
գţϻ׼μպŴȣ˸ջٻڼ䣬ٻ˵ҪμŴȣйʯ£ⲻ֮£ţԼٻȻ˹
һ·ϣٻųʶ˵ţţһֻǣû뵽ţһͳ˿
蹷
ȻǷ蹷
ڳŵӣɵˣ˲ɣ


97 
ڳǷ蹷ͬʱڳ֮ˣҲע⵽˳ߵŮӣٻȻһ
Ѳɣġ
ڳŵӣ̲ס̧ͷ˰һۡ
ϣϲŭһ˫ȴкһ츳¶뼫һǿ£ųڣ˭
գ˷ǡ蹷
ǳ
øӵĿ⿴Įʵһ߸ϵӡ
ܿ죬ɫΪû˵Ļһ㣬ֻɨһۣͽˣߵţߣʣһðɣ
û£СˣҧƵġ
ţڳİ£վһЦһӡ
Ժô嶯˵仰ˡ
ţһۣһǸµ
죬ҡ˵ٻŮˣҿ飬ٻ˵ǰɣţٻ
ʱ֪ʼĩٻŭɫһɨ죬죬ٸ˵һΣٻⱲӾǼ޹Ҳ㣬㻹İɣ
쿴ٻϼЦݣٻҺ֮£ʦ˵㸸ҲӦ˵ġ
ٻߣҸ״ӦΣҲԸ㣬ѵܱҲɣƼңҸϾŮϵ
ţһ죬ᰮҵġ촽˵
Σٻϣ·𸲸һ㺮
Ŀ⣬ܿ˳ϣһȻʻڼţû˸ǰſ񣬾һųϣҲǰô
Сӣ㻰أû
ڣնЩ䣬ڳ֮ЩëȻǶоˣ֮£עûôճˡ
ڳ֮ˣ̲סпóҪùˣȻ츳ߣǿĵƣڵûɳԶǰĶ֡
һ㲻㣬˵ʲôôʲôͳϣ˵ʲôôйȥܣͺڴһ蹷蹷ڶű˿УѵҲҪȥѵֻ蹷ⲻеõ𣿡
û죬ţһ䣬һһͷۡ
ţõͷΣ̧ͷʵʲô
̫ݣ˽Ǻú̽һ¡̧ͷ˲ԶٻһۣŮڣ˵ô¶ǡ
Сӣ㻰
ۿٴηǷ蹷ѹֵĻһһ³ϢţһɿµƣХô˵棬ѿʱŭ˼¡
˸Ƿһɷƥƣ׾پ˰ƣڿ˰죬ڸ˵
ߣҲ˭Ц
ʲôһӡ
㣬ǲǳɫÿ£оսġ
ʶ𣿡üͷһ壬ʡ
ʶ
㲻ʶңҲʶ㣬һҪشѵãʱʲôҪԹԻش㣿㣬ʲô˫𣬺һֱ˺ƤȻ
ﻰһ䣬ϣһɷƥĵƣһ̣˷·һη
ֱˣ
ڳ֮ˣֻоͷƤ飬ﾹ˵Ҫ
һŵӣΪʤҪ˼ѵһɱɰȴͬĺ̨Ҫɵ֣Ǹֱӳɱ˳ġ
ӣƱãף뼫ʱ˸˵
㾹˵ˡ
ʱһӰһ꣬żֻ
׷磿
һ۾ϳ˴ˣ̲סЦһ׷磬侳ŵӣһǰ̨ȥ·Ű裬ɵҪսѪ̨һսʱˡҺܺ棬˻ôңѵΪ˰Ϊɽ
׷ɫһ䣬ŭȼգ£裬̧ͷ
һη壬˸ס
ٻۿӶŭ졢׷磬ЦʱЩΪﵣġ
ôҵĻܲˣˣ죬¶õЦݣ˵׷磬Ҫٸһλᣬ̨Ѫ̨ɸӦս
̨Ѫ̨ɸӦս
ڶлصһս׷Ѫ̨׷粻Ӧս֮һս׷磬Ѫ̨һս
һʱ䣬ڳ֮ˣĿ׷׻ڰ׷ϡ
￪ڣϷƺХ𣬰ð׷ɫɷףʲôЦһβΪսʤԼʵûҵѪ̨ڣ֪˳ʵôܸӦսȥ
ӹȻҪȻҪ֮䣬׷ѡ˺ߣʹЩģҳϲ㣬㣬ҸѪ̨һս𣿡
ԣ׷ǽóˡ

׷绰䣬Ц׷磬ôҲŵӣ侳أ츳㲻϶⣬ɱһˣǿ˲١Һܺ棬뼫ţһΪŵӣһΪѵ׷Ǹ߹𣿡
Ǭ½УÿһЩɾ͵ߣԼ־еһ㶼Ŀ꣬Ŀ꣬һ·ǰ
ڣһڣ˵׷׷Ϊ˸߹
ΧŵӣʱĿЩ죬ܿ죬һˣҲδ⡣
ţ뼫ǰ϶ҲйԼĻԻ͡ԼĽ㣬ȴԸΪ˵ĸӹƾһ㣬㣬ѾûгΪǿߵʸǿߣ־ޱȼͣһ׷Ҳ죬Ը£ϵĳɾͣޡ
ģð׷ɫѿи¶־
뼫ǰһĵϵүļڵСУ嶦ʮʱչֳ˲츳ֻΪ˼һһˣĸеһһܸȡ
˵СУ֮ӣһڼŵĵλһ㡣
ҲһȺ׸֮ˣָ߸ϵĸо뼫ţͳ״ģˡ
˼ţΪҲЯżϣţ׷Լɲ֪ʲôʱʼǼһ̫ˣҲڸУʱʼԸڰ󣬰ǰ󣬺ٻ
ڿѾʧȥԼĽʧȥԼѪԡ
־·𱻳ĥˡ


98 Ů
ǿߣ־ޱȼͣһ׷Ҳ죬Ը£ϵĳɾͣޡ
ԺвϻصųĻ׷ɫ԰ף˫񣬳Ļ·һ͸֮ģ־ֱ׺
ȥ׼ڵһСǣĿѵõš
ڣԸ׷죬Ӱ֮£Ҳ˵һעֻܻڰӰ£ϣдɾ͡
׷羪һ

ⲻҪ׷
꣬뼫ţ緢ҪڼгͷأնɱһѪ·ŵУӱ
ȻЩЩʲô
ЩҪ

Ŀ֮£׷سȥʱЦʱͷ˼׷ˣ
ƾƷһŵӣ
ڳŵӵĿ⣬ڳϣղǶȻţᷢ˻ĵ¡
Ϊ˵ĳƵᣬף׷֮ˣΪĵĽ
׷Ľĵףղż仰˰׷˯Ľ׷ˣʶԼ·ֻǣ̫ԽʵԼĽƷˡ
˰׷ȥķһۣ³֣Ŀ⣬ܿڳϣʱİ죬һֻݷҰޣʱܱ
׻˵úã򹷻ÿˣڰ쿴ﵱ棬Ʒ׷磬ڳ
ҡҡͷ̾˿׷ˣıˣ㲻Ϊ˸Ҳˣ
Ұ£ֲ˵ģΪ˾۱еͨΪʱ̤侳أҽа岻ɣ侳ضѣҿ׷һǷ
Цˣ˫֮䣬ϵĵƣ·Ϊ
侳أĻţ֮⣬ٻڣ˴ڵأ̤侳ˣ
˵о۱еıͨôʱͻΣ֤ͨҩٶȣ˺ŵĵز
ͨ츳Խ֮ˣҩЧԽ죡
ܿ죬һ£꣬ʮɣ
ʮ꣬侳ߣ
ĵƣһаЦô㻹Ҷ֣Ϊ侳أмʵǰ̫Сˣ죬Ҹһᣬڹңͷպң֮ǰİ׷һҵ߹ˣҿԿһ
ò˵Ļ
ǰһ̣ﻹָŰ׷磬˵׷׸ƣԸΪĸӹƷ˰׷磬ڣԼǿʵȳó׷磬Ϊĸӹ
ͷ蹷ԽԽˡ
ûĻһ㣬￴ߵţţղţ㣿
ţͷǡ
ǰʱ䣬ţ뿪ųȥˣţУţ죬뼫֮ǰһһˣʮ꣬һΪ侳أǰ˼һλ£λȻ
ɴˣҲ˰ԴĿˣ֮УųϣҪ֣ǡ
Ҹһʱ俼ǣ򣬾츳ٸߣأҰҲҪС죬аЦȻмſ
ĿڼУǳġ
ΧŵӣƺҪ⣬Ƿѡ
ڴ˿ﵨη̰Ƿ蹷˵ӦòЭϾŶԼİ¡
Ȼֻ˫ۿ죬ҡҡͷǣ͸¶Цǣ죬㻹浱ԼһգǰңҲŹ㣬ֵߣ
ֵߣ
վƳ죬緢ս٣һ
ţУ͸¶жֵܣţֵܣ
ǰһվһۿ죬ͳֵһͬѣ
Ļڳ֮ˣסˣһǹţ·£ûµ˺һ㣬Ҳ룬վǰģǰ죬侳ŵӣ
죬£ܹʯеʮһ֮ˣˣǰһΪ侳أһǰͻƵ侳أɻǰ˰С
Խ׶ԵУһԡ
ٹһ꣬׷ϰ죬ڣû˿
ܺáܺáۿĺԣŭЦϣ¶ЦϣϢµƣתϿȡ
ʱȽϿһЩŵӣ˺󼸲֪춯ŭ
ţ˺󡣡һЦߵţ
һֵܣ빲ţһᶨη塣
ҿɻأȥĿһ֮䣬Ųɵ
ǡţ˵ʲôϳĿ⣬֪ԼٲȥҪˣȻԸҲֻȥ
ģһɱ˳һһɱ㣬㵽Ȫ֮£ȥֵܡ
Į·Ｔ̾ͻһ㡣
ۿͰҪ֣ٻˣǰһ죬ȵ죬ʲôɲѪ̨йأѪ̨£ֹŵӻɱѵΥŹأ
Ŀ£ٻĸף죬Ҳ˵ѵõţҪǣȣѳһ侳ΪѰ侳ߡ
ڵĳԺͰ쿹⣬һսɣ
ٻвҵŮˣǺôлԼ˻ˣĺ𣿡
ۿٻվάüһ䣬˱ɱľģһ˫ɫͫףܱɳ֮ɫ·һֻĿޡ
Լﾪȣû뵽֮䣬ԨԴ
ǸԼֻҸ׺ʦԼûϣİɣңٻԼϲˣգҸ㣬ǳŮˣҶ˵ңҸףҲŹ㡣ٻ˫ϣ˾ǿ档
ٻ׿ڳϣǳŮˣ
ڳŵˣ̾޸ǳٻǼѵõ˶
ţɨ˰һۣﰵˬѾģ㲻˵ٻŮôٻ׿ڳֵܵŮˣզģ
Ůˡ
ٻĻѳﻣðŻعٻʲôʱŮˣ
񶼻ûϰɣ
ȻҲףٻάϧԼ̧ĸס
ò˵һ̣ﻹͦжġ


99 ΢֮
䣡
ٻĻϣŭ֣һ˫˸ɺ죬Ϣ
ڰͷѶӰ֣һǣīƬ˸ĹѪſ·˺һС
⣬ǰ츳ͨ

һ壬ͨе࣬ͨӽͨһͨĴڣԽ׶ԵУĹͲС
ۿŭͨڳ֮ˣ׷׵һΪһ亹
˵Ůˣ˫ٻϡ
ǣٻ̤ǰһ˿塣
ããõúܡˣҾ͸ҪɱˣҪ㿴ѡˣǰǶô֮ûСͳ·Ծ֮£ӣ˳
ңٻɫ䡣
ڼУûʲô£Ұ첻ġ
̤ǰһһڹ⣬ֱӳͬʱҲϣһ£嫵۳һӡž˵ƣųХ䣬ͨ˲޼䡣
ߣ˫һͷѪ֣ͨס𣬷ŭλߵϢһ٣ǶѪͨΪɵ
ͨͨۿһ£źƣУ۳ͣƥĵ˺Ƴգӭһơ
ˣʱϿڣһϵ˽
ͬʱһ룬ͳĹǵƣײһ֮ǰͬʱ飬̺µƣ·ﲻơ
µĽ⣬޼᲻ݵĽƣ˳ĵ⡢ƣóͷ̲ס
һߣҲòȥ
һʱ䣬ڳ֮ˣ׷ϿڴӰ̤롣
ľسϡǰˣһϵλˣǰյţȥȡһŵӷΣʱľ֪󣬶úܡ
ľأңһŭľ侳ߣҲֻһų϶ѣϡ
죬ҺôųϣôѵҶ֣ľ̤ǰһﻤţϣƳ죬Ȼ
ǿĽƣľ侳ߣ֮ƣ侳֮ƣͬն
ѵ΢֮ƣ
ţ˵侳ߣҪͻƵ侳Ҫһ㣬΢֮ơ΢֮ƣƵʱ䣬΢֮ƣɳΪɻΪ棬ޱȡ
侳ߣΪˣɾٳδ΢֮ƣ̤֮
һЩ侳ߣһʮȥֱδ΢֮ƣ̤֮
֮֮һ֣֮
ţ΢֮ƣԲ˺һ֮ƴɡ
ľأ֮£Ҽˡһѹͷŭ𣬰Ÿֱ뿪Ͽȡ
ȻûΪԼ侳һս
ľسϣôˣЦʡ
˵Ҹպ·𣿡ľҲЦˣвǰǰλˣһΪ侳ľ񲻹¹ȥȻͻƵ侳أȻ֪о鵤ͨãҲ𾪡
һ˫츳ڶ̶ڣҩ
Ҫǣղ΢ĽһݿƣԳĵʱȴܵһЩ
ĵƣǱ֮ǿ𾪡
ҡͷôɵ¡
ʵľΪϿŵͨ籨ţˣľص״ӡ
㲻ҳֹɣľЦʡ
޷պŴȣǰ죬лٶϡﵭһЦһνӡ
ľϵЦֻ̣ǹһʣôһ˵ԼͰһսƺаա
ֻǣսʤ
ľزš
ֹľأڳŵӣţ֮⣬ٻڣûһ˸š
Σճͻ֮£Ʒ׷֮£оǳһºΪ̤侳֮£עڶʱڣ鼫¡
ҡҸղ˵ģϡȥ·ϣԸֱˬٻ뵽Լղŵô˵˵Ļ
ղһʱ鼱Ҳûô࣬ڻ̫ˡ
֪ͷڻԾգȻŵܴܶ࣬󣬲׾Ƶ۹⣬Ӧǿҵġ
ޣԼҲ졣ٻ˳һۡ
ٻмһֱ㡣ʲôٻʡ
ţ
˵Ѫͳǧ𣬿ģʡ
ôһԣңҸҸסٻüƺ̫ϲ˰ĸ׳һ
ﵱȻٻ˼ٻǲԸ׵Ĺ⻷֮£һǿŮӡ
ﵭһЦᣬû˼ԪһѣͳѾãպлᣬһҪߣܼͳһ棬οƽ룬ͳ㸸ףԸܰʵ֡
ٻһƤ˸ۣû뵽ԪҲô
һֱţʱðͷٻ˵ͳģ̤ϼŰ벽д£
ۿҲ濴ٻ˵ͷ
Ϊʲôţ棬ԱߵĳеЦţһֱԡ
ٻ̾˿꣬Ҹһλϵõʦд裬ƾУս֣Ҹ״ֽʦɱˡΪ£Ҹβѣ뿪˼ţģ̤뼫ţ֪ģֻʦֵĸףλų
ţû뵽Ѫͳ죬뼫֮䣬Ĺȥ
ǲǺܺ棬ҺͰΪʲôлԼٻǣ¶ЦΣпɬ
԰ΪʲôţʣȻûʣĿ⣬
Ϊʦ𣬾λųҸһֱǼ·󣬸ټʦ棬뿪šֱǰҰţҴʦǸ벻ǣʦ澹ҸдһţϣĹŵӰ춨»Լ
ٻ䣬Ρ
ǰ죬ɲʲôöͳ첻Ӧ˰ɣţŵϴ
žһ£ţĺһ£һ⻹ҪҪûӦٻͰĻԼ
ʵҲһεĳȻܾܾҪ
ʧٻͻ֮أֽţϻ壬Ҳɽ֮У˸Ȫ裬ʼ׼ӭŴȡ
ŴȵһգŴȣպ


100 ǿƽ
峿΢죬̨֮ϣС
գǼһεŴ֮գһգŴȡ
ŴȣǼŵλսλʯϰʮһˣ໥սսʤ֣ȡֻ֮
δλʯ֮ˣͬʯ֮˷սһսʤԷȡʯ
ĹأŴȣ㵽ֹɱ¾
ŴȣûƣŴȣѪ̨ϽУ֮սÿ꣬Ѫ̨ϵŵӣ١
ţţǧ괫ȱģʢա
ŴȣŵԸμӣѡԹۣһûлᣬԼֿʯϣŵӾ
һ磬ţһ̨̤ʱ̨Ѿվŵӣ˵ŵӵΧۣ񣬳ţɶеˡ
رǣǻ˵ǰ˸ַˣ
˭
֮У˭˲֪˭˲
Уˣк³ȥʵѪֶΣɡ
Ѫ̨̨֮ϣһӽǼѵλã㲻Ͽƽ̨ϣһʯΣطǼŴȣųϹսʱΡ
أΧԽԽ࣬һ˷
Ǻ죬λʯŵӣ˵һΪǰ̤侳ء
лˣǰŴ֮λʯڶǰеһʷʣ̤֮ʯϳлʯϵĵһˡ
ǰл侳ߣʱ䣬ʵ϶Ϊˡ
˵ǰʯڵĶУ»һΣҪսлΪʯϵĵһˣ
ſû뵽һлϣлɲӡ

ܿ죬һʯϺպŵӵţڻ˿ΧԭϵĿ⣬תˡ
ˣ
֪˭һһʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ԶֻŸ˹֮ŵÿһ·
ܿ죬лǰлһʮҵˣòͨŰ죬΢΢һЦ죬˵һΣսң
лգҾͻµһıϣ͸¶ǿš
ǾͿ죬ûʵˡлһЦ߿
ǰʮܴ꣬ӼŵӱλʯڶȻҲǾž޵Լİ
ûʵѪ̨ϼл㣬ҵСͺһޱȡ
죬̫ˡ
Զվڳߵţüǿ߰ſ
ﵭһЦ죬ҪˣǸл򵥣˿ԣʱֻΪЦ
ţȣô֪л򵥣
صʱ֪ˡ
ʱţʱ󣬼Ҷڽ٣βģԴϺΪ׵ļڳϣһִϡųϺųϣ׷̤ն䣬Լλ
վȺУ￴ľأպãľҲȺп˳һЦڲС
̨ϵŵӣۿλҶվһʱ䣬װѻȸ
ҶһϮɫۣһʣף۷
ֻ΢΢һЦҪڡ
ɾʱĿ⣬ȻһǸӦʲô̧ͷʣϵЦݣ̣˫֮Уâ
Ҷ̧ͷڳҲ׷̧ͷ̨֮ϣţڵŵӣͬʱ̧ͷ濴ߡ
ֻƾͷȻһѸޱȵƲ㣬ֱǼŶ
ʱ˲ſХӰˣֻӴޣڣƲ֮ơ
侳ǿߣֻǿޣ
ʲôˣʲô
ҶϻЯȮλã߶֮¡
̨֮ϣڵӻɻ̺ˣʹӸ߿մ̨뼫˵ĶУޱȡ
ܿ죬һۣŵˣ£˵ϣƺʼմЦݣٶȣѰÿһ̤·ܺΧĿռġ
Ƭ֮˽ٵѪ̨Ͽգնһŵ΢Ц
ϻڵˣ
ϻϻڵͽ
ϻǼʲô
Ա̨֮ϣһЩŵӲµ˵ݣϻڵ
ϻڵˣɫһ
ͬʱһӰҲӸ߿£ϣµĽƳΧһµľ޽·նϲ񷡣
ƺɨ˷׷ѿȻ
л
ͳ˻٣Ը˵һ֣һ糾ɫĳһ˫ӣ·ʱ˸ſµĽâվٲȻ䣬һʱԳʵ
ÿµĽƣ֮ǰֻľسϵĽƣΪ£ɸǰ˱ȫһΣ̫ˣǺϻڳϣﵹһϻڵĵ̣𺳡
ϻڣ˾ͽס
һϵһԸ߿һֻȻı
һֻȻͨ죬·ȼŻ棬һֻƴ˵ޡڡޣĴ˫ᣬȵϢ·˺ѳգȻ
𾪵ǣһֻ֮վ׳˶ˣһƤƫ֮ɫڷ·żΪµ棬֮
ڣڣźϻôһֻʵ侳ߣǺϻշֻ֮һ˵ڣһ֮ɻﺮΪ£
Щʶļŵӣϳֻµ׷׾
侳ߵޣ
Ҳ̲סһԦֻ֮ˣָǺεȿ£
ϻڣ֡
߿֮ϣһֻȻ֣ĮȻﱳ
һֻȻ֮ͨɫһɫԣϸһԷ֣׺棬紹֮Ƶĳչһ˫ᣬֻޣÿһĴ˫ᣬÿռΪ֮һ·ա
ԣǺϻһֻʵڳڣ
찡ܼԦںͽ֮ˣǵʲôˣ
δ˵ϻ
̨֮ϣһЩŵӷ׷׾ϳŲ˼飬ܼԦʵߵ˵ʵֻǿǿϲ٣
Ȼ߰ԸΪǵ
ϻڣҸǰһüŲſ档
ǰ漸ˣ£ȴԵȻʧɫ

Ŀ⣬Լ̨֮˸߿֮ϣԦĵ
˫ȭгѪĳޡ


101 ǿ
̨֮ϣźϻλǿ߽٣ųڣˣ̲סһ
ǿƶҪʲô
ȻһЩˣ̲סǰǰŵһĻ֮䣬ƺżìܡ
һ뿪ǰҶ֮ˣȴԸܣҪɱԣҪڽϻڡ
ϻڣѲ˳츳նݳ
Ǻܶ˵뷨
ۿΧһĿɨԳһЦȻ֪Щŵʲô
ϻڵĿ꣬αҡȻϻ潫ԼΣȥҲЦ󷽣ǿ߾ֻΪһŵӣ
ϻڣ
ʲôЦ
ϻڼˣһ϶б£֪֮ûôӣ
ֻҪǵˣҶڣ롣
Ҷ죬ңңϻӡ
׼֮ʣ̨֮£ХһӰ𣬼ƥ֮ת֮䣬Ӱ̨ϿգˬʵЦλ겻ɺã
ϣ
ĿϣǰˣǼŲظˡ
ǲλظˣ찡ӣϵúϻڵϹһЩŵӣ׷׾
ʦ塣Ҷ칧Ƿ
ϣԴϺΪףڳϷ׷վ
վϵλϻǿߣϣһЦǰ겻û뵽㻹šȴ֪Ѫͷɻڣ
λϻǿһڣ֤ݣǺͬһʱǿߡ
һʲôˣһϿǼŵĵƣǿߣһ統еϣһŵӣ֪ĴڣҲ֪ĵϸ
𡪡
ʱ޺𣬺ᴩʣ֮ϣ̨ĸ֮һֻȾѪľޣ̤ն
ƻǻһ˫˸ɫ֫㴦ɭȻѪɫ֮ÿһ£շ·𶼱𶯡
﷢ֻ֣޳֣ϻڵֻڡЩ궯ڵµĺɫ񣬸ǲ·Դĵηֻޡ
ϼһﶼûҵȻš
𾪵ǣھޱ󣬾һλˣѪµˡ
Ѫʦ塣Ҷ칧
Ѫϡڳϸ
ţһλһǿߣ٣
Ѫ콣𣬺ϻλǿߣۿѪ˳֣·޵Уһ˫ӣ˵ս⡣
лû䣬һսѪһЦ·ڶ˵
û뵽ǼŻǿߡľ
ֻǣΧŵӵʱüͷλѪϣȻǰʦٻеλ档
ö䣬ɰǧİԼ֮ϣ¡
һӯӰ̤ն䣬һˣµţ·ûκκۼվ·˵ţҲǼз绪
顣ϻλվϵˣˣ̾˿ͺ֮䣬йʲôһ㡣
ʦ𣡡
Ŀ֮£Ҷһڳڣ˵ģΪ֮һ
ʦ
찡
ǰû˵
ʦ𣿡Ҳ̲סһң֣ڳϾһ㵣·֪˵Ĵڡ
ţܺá˶Ҷͷ΢΢һЦһЦ˳ǣЦ˹Īڴˡ
ˣǼһϲ֣õˣŴȣʼɡ
˿ڣҶһ
ղţϻźϻλһǿ߽٣оѹڣλ٣ֻоѹټݶŴȣʼʯϵİʮһˣѪ̨վλ
ʱ̨֮ϣʮһӰˣӶ˿Ѫ̨гӡ
أʯϵŵӣԼǰ֮սδλʯϵŵӣһսʯϵŵӣ֮սһսʤɱԷɽȡ֮ʯ
Ҷ쿪ڣͬʱ뵽ʲôֲȻŵӣаսʯϵŵӣҲ³ѡһսһսʤʯֱӳΪŵӡ
˵ʱҶĿ⣬·̨ܴôŵУѰҵӰڳϡ
Ҷ첹仰ڳļŵӣȻ֪ǶԳ˵ģһʱ䣬Ƕ̲ס̾Գչмӡ
չ˵úءţߵĳЦ
˵ͷҶ죬һֱĴм
ȻҲһЩˣɫִϺų˫ĳޣ·ܴ͸塣
վۿҶĿӶûüҶͷ͸оһԼ
ЩΪ£ٲȻѪ̨Ͽգϻںͼŵһǿߡ
ǳϻ¶ɵԼĶ
ǣףû뵽СȻͻƵ侳ˣӦǵ˾鵤ͨһı˫ʮ侳ߣò˵̫ѹ
̤侳ʱѾʮꡣ
ӣá
ΪϻһۣȻ֪նݳ֮ʮ꣬侳أǧʷУ֮ţָ
ˣһɳв
ʦ㣬Сһﻹɣظˣϣˣ·ǲĵӷףԪټġ
ȷ꣬Ӧòʮꡣס
٣շ׵Ƽԣڵֻʮ꣬Ҫٹ£ʮꡣϲ
ԣ΢Щ졣
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أҲ̲ס·𿴵˼ŵ
ߣվѪ̨ϣۿɲǼĿĽ㣬ɫһУʵĻ棬ȼն
ҶǰһȻڣڣʼս
ң죬սл
Ҷ쿪˲䣬ǰһָһˣҲʯϵĵһˣл
ڵӣ̲סһȻ֮ǰͷ¿ԣҪлȡ֮Ϊŵһˣλʯһ
û뵽һսѡл
Ѫʦ֣ӣ㵱껹񣬲ڵɲлĶ֣ԴˡѪ̨Ͽգ̲סھϵѪˣЦ
ѪǰҲǼŵŵӣΪ˿ȻȴԴ


102 ס֣
ţŴȣһսսŵһˣл
վУϻһЦҶλлӦþǼŵŵһ˰ɣ
Ҷͷ
˵˵ŴȣҶȻţλӼĳҲˣŵĵ̣Ⱥϻڲϻڡ
ϻԼŲűս
ߵ磬ǿΪʤ߿ܡ
Ѫ̨ϣսлʮλŵӣ˵һԹս
Ѫ̨УлԶվƳϣֳɭȻӣл
лһƽս·ûκӰ죬ѹûϡ
Ƿ㣬ɫһŭǣһĻ֮ǰǳʱεƣһʱ䣬ֻоԼܵ˼̤
ŭǰһ۶ӳл磡
ͬʱ̧ĳµкХϵĽ˿ף·Ĺ
˿ףԲѰУ˸żֹĹǽȫ

лͫһѹְôţԭǵ
ò£лҲ֪ǰʦ͸ġ
ѷ֮ϣɽЧطӦеΪ
磬һ侳ߣ̺һĳȽϷɢȻһƾ裬Խһ𣬼й
һ侳ߣһͨʩչ侳ߵ
ֻлϳѪ̨ϿգϻһȣҶȴ֪ǡ
ҵĵӡ
Ҷ컹ûüڣԶھϵѪ˿ˡ
ԭѪϵĵӡĿ¶죬΢΢һЦ
̨֮ϣüͷ
ˣϵף·ܽһĳйȥΪ죬˿ףʲôģã
Ѫ̨ϣȥڣһĳۣƺ嫣
лɫأƾİ죬ֵˣֻһƥХһ
ֱ֣лһÿΪ֮һ
䣬ӭϰһƣɲǼ䣬Ʊɢ
лĽƣԶơ
ɫ䣬û뵽лĽ˿£ͷīӰ֣ͨ˸Ĺ󣬼Ķǣ˸˸˵

죬츳ͨ
ˣ̶ƿ֣һɫƥ쵽£βлݺ˦˹ȥлĽڡ
леǣֻڶƬһ˿ۼķΪ£Թơ
лɣ΢Ľƣƿ츳ͨķſЦ
𣿡лͻȻЦˣЦúȻ
ţһţɫ䡣
ֻл̧֣еĽ·˹һ£һݿƿļƬ͸˽ȥ
һɢ֮С
лĽƴݻ٣ͨɣһһ̣ӲѪ£ϣĽѪ³
ʼգлδԼͨƣٱ䣬ͨ
֮䣬С
ۿ컹ƾƣлս߿֮ϣޱϵѪˣͺһˣȥˣȣ̫Զ벽΢ƣ侳ΪҲռκαˡ
ǣʦ𡣡Բ̨֮ϣһɨĿ⣬ɫ࣬ȴΥʦ
ˣܵó׵ס
֮ǰԣ˵ػлȡ֮ʵȴ˷̡
ߣѪˣƺܿ͸˼һͺߣһ;ٲ˴ĥѣգˣպδؾͲӮһʱĴ㶼Խܣ⣬˵ҵĵӣѪݺһ
ͷȥ
һսлʤ
ǰ죬Ŵȿʼǰŵúܣллںˣˣܵó׵ףʼգлͨûá
ǣ̫ˡ
̫ˡ

̨֮ϣһЩ߰Դļŵӣ׷Сš
ʹ죬ʹ죡ţվڳߣЦúܿġ
ʲôʹ찡ʱ˱ǣٻӰվ˳һߣ΢Цʡ
ٻôţЦղûлǰһлͨûܱƳһΣˡ
ٻһ˵Ҳãһ쵽ĿˣԴ󡣡
Цˣ㻹ͦġ
ٻŭ߳˵
һЦۿٻҪըëȣЦЦ
Ѫ̨ϣʯλսţڼ䣬ҲһЩȽϳʵŵӳ֡
лһսͨûã԰벽΢罣ƣܰ󣬾ҲûսлƽվؿѪ̨ϵ
ѪѪ䡭
һŵ䣬̤Ѫ̨ʬ崦
һУ﷢֣Լޱƽߵ磬ͬʱҲпᣬɱ¾ʵЩڵϵģԼ
ʱţܿ죬͹硣
죬սϡٴ볡һΣѡʯϣе֮ˣϡ
ϣǰ侳ߡ
ѡϣɫһ죬浱ӣλ
ٴηսսϣҲ֪Ƿʤ̨֮ϣŵӵĿ⣬Ѫ̨ϡ
˵սϣʤ𣿡ţʡ
ңô֪ϣֲʶ
﷭˷ۣţʲôˣ㣿
Ѫ̨ϣһս֮൱棬ƾ裬ϵ
ͨǰʤһ
䣬䣡
ϵķ֪ʱѿ趯ǱޱȣͨǷͨʱڣܶ㿪ɱ֡
ɼȥöãϻǵ
죬Ҳ㣬䣡һ㣬㡣һӴܣһ߼
ȻȴûзŹ˼뵽лгԱһŻĳ裬ҪѪϴˢ
ѵûأ֮󣬲ɱ֣ü
ţҡͷŹأѪ̨ϣۣ䡭ҲҪ֣ǲԸŹ
ôпᣡ
ɫһ޴ӣһ˫ʱ֪أ·𿴵ԼĹȥ
ϣڵԼʱʱһڵϡ
ס֣
һĿ֮£뿪̨Ѫ̨


103 
ԾѪ̨һӰһʱ䣬ΪĿĽ㡣
ǳҪʲô
̨ϵļŵӣ׷һ

Ѫ̨Ͽգںɫϵĵ˸ɭȻɱ⣬Ǽɵǿƣ͸£ɱˡ
Ѫ̨ϣĺȣסΣתĿ߸ϣŴȣѪ̨ϣ㣬ѵ֣ƻŹأ
һڣŹأѹȳ
Źأ
Ц죬㻹ǵӻƷ
ɫһɭȻ·ʱԳ֡
ȥѲɣƻŹأִϺǰһӶųһ˵ߡ
ִϣŵӲŹأܡ
ȻȴûĻһ㣬ƽӣϣȻ֮
Ҳˣż츳Ŀأ޷죬ֱǼŵ档ӣϷƱãҶ˵

Ҷ죬ڿڣȥ
л˵̧ͷҶӣ
˵Ҷͷ
һʱ䣬ǺϻںͼŵһǿߣĿⶼڳϣǶ棬޷ˣҪ˵ʲô
ŴȣȡΪҫѪ̨һսΪ֮սڹŵȫԸˣ
￪ڡ
Ҷͷȷʵˡ
Ȼߵ磬ʤ̭棬ȻŴȣˣвɻǼˣɱпԭһ䣬ȴֹĺ
Ȼ˵ǣ֮԰ţ޷Ϊ׷ѵΪŴȣҪȨ
ò˵һôŵ̲סͷ
Ҷ죬һʱҲ޴ӷ
ߣŹأһƿСɣٴοڣ
ȫȻӺǰһٴοڣǰôೡвƴɱ䣬Ҳв䣬ǵĶ֣Ҳ֮ͬ飬һ·
Ϊ壡
ͫȻһĿڰϣȻڣȻУÿˣ壡Щˣֱһֻ蹷Ѫޱȣ
䣡
ô˵棬蹷
ɱ˸ϣµƣХֽ蹷ʵڸ
ô˵У߳ŭˣ
Цһ츳ԶˣѪΪŵӣ԰пԭȻգ㣬죬һսĿ֮£䣬֮𣬿㣬ȴҪأɱ
ϣͬţĳˣŴȶѣ䣬㻹ݣһҪءҵǺ棬ѵɲţΪŴϣɱѾͬţҲϳɾΣ㣬㣬죬壡
塢Ѫ֮ˣգѣѵָŹѣʱŵһͽ¾㣬죡Ѫ֮ˣ츳ٸߣĳΪŵһˣŶԣкã
̨ϵļŵӣٴεͷó˵ĻһЩųϣҲ̲סĿĻ˵ǵĿĳҡ
ǰ֮㽫Ŷԣкã
Ƕѡ
ӣȻϣŵܶģΪףٲãٲʱ֮ˡ
սҵ𣿡
ǰһϣƳ·ʱԳﱩɱ֡
ۿһͽ쳹׼ŭ֮䣬ƿء
߿֮ϣһǿǣ׷Ŀ¶ʣΨһˣǸھϵѪˣɫϾ񱻱֮ˣĹŵӡ
죬Ҳıʱˣģˣǻġ˿ڣ
ǣʦ𡣡
Ҷ֪ʦҲһˡ
òпš
ڿʼŴȣֻҪһ䣬һɱ֣Υߣɱ֮ˣٳ֣Υߣɱ
£ҶϵݣŴȹء
һʱ֮䣬ڳ֮ˣԻȻ
˵Ŀ⣬׷׻ڳϣ֮䣬ŴȵĹأΪ֮ı֮ˡ
Ҳ̲סһû뵽Լһò
һʱ䣬̲ס̧ͷ߿֮ϣǧϰֻƵˣˣҲڿ΢Цͷ
СһúŬŵδС
ߴһף˵
߿֮ϣϻλһǿߣԼϻǵɫޱء
һʮˡ侳ߣҩҲ𾪣Ҫǣӣֻ츳׿Ȼ˼ҲΪܡ
ӣüŵĹΪ֮ı䣬ŶӣԶ׼
գɳз绪ֱ׷һһˣ̫ɣ
ԴӺ֮ĳޣպ󣬱ؽΪϻڵĸ󻼡
ӣá
֮Уϻڼ˴˹ʶ
Ѫ̨ϣţԡ
뿪ˣ֮ǰؿ˳һۣԳǷգ˵ǳģݶ飬ԺлᣬԱ
£ȥɣŴȻҪ
Ҷ쿪ڡ
ҪμŴȡ΢Ц
ţѡ˰ɡҶͷҲȣʹ㣬óλᣬΪŵӣȻճΪ״ӣΪһ̳ˡ
ѡˡ
ѡˣ
ĻֻҶһڳ֮ˣҲ̲סһ㶡
ǿĿ⣬ڰʱ̲סһƵ뷨ѡˣǰɣ
һ𣬰죬ͳΪŵˣ
ڣһŵӵݣ侳صΪս죿
˲ɣ
սңϲ͸¶ɭȻ
ңս졣ͷ
ۿϣΧһƬȻ
߿֮ϣϻںͼŵһǿߣ̲סĿǿһ侳ߣ츳죬Ҳ̫ܻһԽ׶Եе侳ߣң侳ߣƾ衣
ò˵ٴγΪ˽㣬ǰ·Ȼʧɫ
ˣҼŵŵӣǰԽ׶ԵУգƾǿͨ侳صϡҶüȻ֪һЩϸȴó
֮Ĳ̫࣬ˡ
ȤȤ
ϵЦԸ߿մ£Уһɫƥն䣬СһҶǰӽ󣬱ˡ
̧֣ɫƥץУŷ֣һ°խޱȡ



104 ŶԾ
ˡ
ｫеɲǼ䣬۵£·һӳնһС
ȻǷܱȣ
ڳ֮һޱϵѪˣҲ̧ͷһۣϼһǰûô󷽹
Ѫ̨ϣͰˣԶվϣѪȣգɣҲ㿪Ļᡣ
ﵭЦ⣬ҲҪ˵ġ
ߣ治֪ţһ֪㣬ǰһֻϣ츳ǿǰЦգŲţؽزѪ̨ϣ
컰䣬ͷӰ֣Ӵ壬ڿ˦ī壬Ƭչҫ£Եԣ˸ҫ۵Ĺ󣬶ÿһζÿΪ֮һ
ϣ嫵ƣϯֱӳ
ԶҶ죬üͷ𣬲ǳǰ죬Ǽѵõţ֮䣬ˮ𣬾չȥǶҲὫԷУ޷档
ˣԺ£Ȼɡ
ҡҡͷҶĿ⣬Ѫ̨
컽ԼͨȫʩΪҲû֣ͷƶ
ѪͨĿ֮£¶צһȾѪһƬ˸貵Ĺ󣬾޴ÿһ趯֮
Ѫͨһ֣ͷĶͨӦЩͬΪ֮壬ܸоѪͨϣλߵϢ
ԡ֮ϣΪһ޵Ļߡ
ͨ
˿̣ųӵ֮ͨˣĿ֣ͨһж͸¶ȡ
ͨЩߣһԵ
ǿգܵüͨ޺
֣ͨλһǿߣϱȽ򶨣ϵѪ˺ˣ΢΢ݣû뵽츳˫ŵӣ츳ͨǼΪϡǿͨ
ʷϣÿһͨӵߵĳ֣޾ƣ绪һ
ÿһλͨӵߣһɳǾǿߣ
ɣ
ϻڵļˣڣˣͨͨӵߣ
һʱ䣬˫˸޾ɱ⡣
Ѫ̨ϣŶԾʼˡ
춯ˣһ磬˲䵽˳ǰŽ˿׵̽һߣؿڣƺХ
ݣͷβһɫ磬
𣬳ͷѪͨ·ܵƣӴһѪէ֣βݺݱڶϣɳȥѪͨǰͺһӡ
һǣУ·˹鶯һƥĵֱ˺ѹȡ
似αس֣˲䵽˰׿⣬£֮ƣ֡
֮ƣαس죬ڰأˣҶ¶ϲ֮ɫ似ٶȣ𾪡
ƥĵƣֱ˺Ѱƣ
֮ƣ似˲㿪һƣ
ƣ侳ǿ߶ԣʲôǻٶ˼ƣȻһ侳չ֣𾪡
һ侳ߣһƣʹ㲻ˡ
ǰ죬һΪ侳أҲֻһƣ似δơ
ʮ꣬侳أơ֮ƣ֮ɬѳͣҼš¶Ц⣬֣²Сһı仯ˡ
ٸʮꡭ
ٸʱ䣬óɳεȵز
׷Щϼһˡ
죬㲻˵ǰֻһֻ𣿡
վԶЦ죬Դ󣬽ϣ񣬽ֻ֮еϣǻúúõģ
ĿһＤŭɫһͺȣڣ
ڡһ߿֮ϣÿѪͨһڹ⣬ڡ
ɲǼ䣬۾飬Ƭ͸壬һ鲼̵ĺɫ׸ǣһīƬ鲼β
ͷϣһɫƬɵͷֻһ¶
һ֪ңҪĴۡɫιİ죬͸¶ɡ
ʲô޺һ
Ƥңڰˣ⡭̫˰ɣ

Χ۵һЩŵӣ͸¶졣
ȻҲһЩмʶˣ֪ڵۼͨ޺һͨƬḲϣҲΪµĳ̶ȣѰ޷ƿ
󻰣˭˵Ц죬ޱ޼ʡ
ݣ
Ѫ£ѪͨҲͳΪһ壬˫һ𣬻Ѫ۱鲼˫צ˫Ҳ֮צ͸˳ѥϵƬûм̣ûƻ·
аΪ̵棬ı仯ڼŵУ㲻ʲôˡ
춯ˣ֮ٶȿ쵽£䣬¶ƽ٣
ݣﲻʾӭȥצϣһ⣬̺ƥĵƣ
ꡪ·ʲô˺ѵ
ĵƣ޼᲻ݣﲻƣ
ƣٴα˺
ǿ
п֣пŵ
Ѫ̨ϣλʯϵŵӣһֻ侳ߣĵƣΪ£׾پ˺ƣ޴䡣
ĵƣҵƣв磬ĵУ̺ƿһеԣ˺ҵƣ
оúܣȻƾʩչⲹ·硣
ɳﲻڵĵƣأоѹ
Ϊͨ·ﲻʲôͨԱҪǿϼ֡
ͨƷʳĶͨ
ȥһ侳ߣܽƵء
е̧£˺ѹټ
ֻǣϾ侳ߣ͸ףµܱȡ
ô
ǣ͸¶Ц
ãɫһ䡣
ݣ𣬳еϵ˲䣬̺Ƶһ¡
ѵצķһ𣬼ճ
һУֻΪ⾪ž޵һ
һ£ǵԶµ
Ȼ֪ǰʲôɰϾ侳ߣתŤתһУ֣ҪԴ˻ﱩǵ
Ԫƣĵؼн似
ԣһŤתУֵ
뻯ҵ𣿡Це̺һХ䡣


105 𶯣䣡
һ£µ·˺ѿռ䣬ƥĵƣ硣
µһ׾ƣԪƵУϱǵ˲ɢѵؾķԵƥ
ɫɷףû뵽ﵶϵ˰ԵȫԪƵ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬е£뽫ն¡
ˡ
ʴ쵽µѪɫ⣬ڳϣɢ
ﱻúһյ֣֮ڴѣ̧ͷ߿֮ϣϵѪˣͳޱȣѪϣû䣬˲֣ǲǲϹأ
ѪüСأ
УҶ죬Ҹأ
ˣѾʤˡҶ죬׳ԸѪϣæ
˿ҲףԼ˵ʲôҲ޼£λʦʵǿڼŵλȻŹ֮ϣŹأ
Ŀ⣬ڰϣЦһ죬㲻˵УֻΣ㣬ֻ϶磡
ϣû˰ȡ֮ģŭ
Զԣ
ȷʵˣ
Ȼûô׾ͷŹǰһ죬գ㱾ñɱΪһλʦŵһ죬ţЦһڳӰµķѣ㣬̸
㣬죬ʮ꣬侳أΣңʮ꣬侳أһʤ㣡
Ǭ½ƣ㣬죬츳һҲŲϺţ治֪ţ֮У˿Ŀˣ
Ѫϣ֮Уǹ˺򣡡
㣬죬ѣ
ÿǰһֱģɫɷף˼
һĻ̨֮ϵļŵӣ׷һ
ǰϬƷŵӰ׷磬£ǶţԾ췽ҹ̷ɽգۿＸ仰ðңǲоϬ¡

Ļģң˱ıԵ
վԽߣԽݣ
ȥ֮УƾԼʦͷһ׵츳޷죬֮⣬κ˷
ǰͽϣȻգֻϻܡ
ˣ
߿֮ϣѪٴοڣĿ·ܽ崩͸ŭ
üäĿ̣
ʱҶ죬ǰһڴƳƵգһŵӳս죬ʤ𣬳ΪҼŵӣλʯˣ
̨֮ϣһƬžмŵӣĿⶼѪ̨Уϡ
ֵŷзˣ֪䣬һ˿µʵܲһİ죬λʯ
û˻ỳɣպ󣬱ؽΪŵĶ
ûֵܡţ۴УΧŵҫš
ԱߵٻţʱһҲʶӡ
Ȼ߿֮ϣড
ƵˣӯӰ΢Ѫ̨һ֣𣬴̨Ѫ¾ޣ̤ն䣬ϣҲ̨
ϵϣӰ֣Ѫ̨һʯϵŵӣϵ̨֮ϡ
ô£
һУֻת֮䣬оһ޷ܵԼǣ̨֮ϣܿ죬ͷ֣ڳϣ׷Ծ̨
䣬ԤС
ͻʣ
Ȼ룬߿֮ϣϻһЦû뵽ǱǷˡǲð׷ĻˣգųµǱȻλħѣɣ
мŵӣΪ֮һʱ֮£Ӱ
ˣˣԱ֣ɷڣ˫ɺ죬аĹϣɢſµϢϻλһǿվһ𣬾ǲضá
һ侳أ侳أ侳ء
˵У˼ɵУź⣬ǵʲôˣҼţʲô
ȴڳ˶Уüɫ䡣
ǿĴڣԺͺϻڼһ·Ǵ߲ƣ
ϻղŵĻ
ųµ𡭡
ѵǴҪţ
ǰ⼸λħѣ̫ϲ˵ɱ֡գȮӺλ̫ϳǰΪ˸λħ󣬼֤ŵû䣬µħ𡣡
һЦЦ֮Уżſ⡣
ŵȫɢȥ
Ҷ죬ɫͺ
´ʱѪţҪû
Ҷһ仰ڳļŵɫ䣬һʱ䣬̨ˣʧء
ذ׷ѹˡ
ɳƵӸ߿ϴΪ׵ĺˣ˫·ȼѪȵ棬գһҲ߲ˣѪħŵӣѾˣգűؽ
䣡䣡䣡
˻䣬̨΢
̨ϵ𶯣ǿܿ죬̨·Ҫضɽҡĵĺ·ؼӣħɱϢ̨
̨ΧһںµӰ̨֣ΧˮͰʵ
ǣȻǺ˿еġѪħŵӡ
𾪵ǣЩѪħŵӣһֻֻϣЩޣ˫ͫɺ죬·޾ɱ¾ÿһֻ޺ϵѪħŵӣս£ȻɱϢ
һʱ䣬µɱϢ̨ڳļ֮ˣ׷ɫ䡣
޴ӣ
ѪħţѪħš
ϿдʣȻ̧ͷǵĿУ͸¶ǣʮǰŵīʯ۹Ѫħˣ
ϿڣúЩ죬û뵽Ѫħ伣ʮ꣬˼ǵáܺãƾǵѪħţһһʹ
īʯ۹Ѫħţ
Ҳסˣīʯ۹Ȼ˵˵ǰڵԪĸڵīʯ۹ĸ
Ǭ½۹Ĺңӵأޱߡ
Щˣīʯ۹ʮǰŵѪħˣ
ΪʲôҪѡҼţ
֮ϵѪˣѪϣڿˣͳǿ⼸ǿѪħ֮ˣҲòɵ
ѪϵĻʳ˰ڣڳм֮˵
Ϊʲô
߿֮ϣЦУųޣŷŭűŰ


106 ѵǰ
߿֮ϣЦ̺޾ߡ
Ц·ܸȾˣһ˿˿Ϣͷ
ʣѪħ׿ڸɡУа𲻶ȼգžϵѪϣ
Ѫħ
˿ڣü֮һտʼǶΪӦþѪħڿǡ
ѵѪħеһˣ
ţ꣬Ҫʲô
ۼ⣬ͷ֣Ϻ길ӣ֮עڸ߿ʱһȥѵ˽ӣ
ֻǣѪħбкϻǿӵ
ڳﻹھ֮ʱԶ길Ӿ̤ն˸߿գϻںѪħŵλǿߣ
ǡ
ǼŴϣŴѵǰֱ壬ףԣϻںѪħŵˣôϣ
길ӵĶֻüŵһųϣԼλ棬Ҳ̲סһ
߿֮ϣһĻüˣͫȻһ

߿֮ϣλѪħŵǿߣǼŴϺ
ǣΪ
꣬Ѫħ
ɲǼ䣬ŵˣֻоһƬհףǳҲһ˼飬ʲô
Ǭ½Ҳ桰޼
꣡Ҷǰһ˫һĿ⣬ںϡ
꣬Ƥӵ¶꣬ûֺ⡣
䣡
߿֮ϣԭͷĺ꣬һħǣµϢɢȣﻹ֮ǰӣ
꣬ص̫ˣ
꣬ѪħѪħţȥīʯ۹ţʮǰţ꣬Ǳ꣬գֹϻڶŷѣѵѪħŵţйأ
̲סð뷨ǰתۣǰĳɵӰԽ𳢵һ۴Ƭ
侳أ
Ҷ˫Ǳ꣬ûʶƺݣʵû֣侳Ϊʵ൱
ϲнʮ꣬գڿྡϻ֪ݡ
գϻҽżϲɱӦĶһ㡣ţõĽϻڣؽΪһšѪħţԴīʯ۹Ҫȥϻ֮䣬ûͻ
˵
Ҷ죬ϲǷѪħŵծգֻǼͷϡ
ǰһɱ˸Ŀ⣬ɨҶ죬ɨλһǿߣڡ

꿪ڣֻҶɫһ䣬ڳļųϡŵӣͫ׶̲סһ
֣Ƕԣİ
˵Žڳ֮ǰ츳֮ˣ졣
ǣڼŰ֮ǰ׷ݵǰ꣬츳֮ˣһΪ档
˵λ棬ʮ̤侳Ͼ۱µĲ㣬Ĳ޹ģʮ̤侳ʮʱͳΪе۷ǿߡ
꣬뵱ʱеǿһսһս֮Ϊ֮ս
ţʮ꣬ǿߡ
ңʮ꣬ǻʵۣڻеĵλȴʤʵۡ
һսأ
֮䣬ƽָա
һսչˣ뿪˼ţ뿪ǰīʯ۹׷ǿȥˡ
ڣ֮ˣףΪѪħŻѡǼţȡ֮ΪκڼǱ꣬ԭһУΪʮǰīʯ۹Ѫħűţ£뼫桰йأ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
֮ϵѪˣЦѹ֣ԭͺ棬ΪѪħŸˣѡҼšԭʮǰѪħű𣬾ҷʦйأѪħţ꣬īʯ۹ҲһһĶš˵ѪħУжλ侳ǿû뵽ҷʦˣʹ죬ʹ졣
ô˵ʮǰʦӵһɱλ侳ǿߵʵ
˫۷Ź⣬Ҳʦ塣
λʦ壬Ȼ£츳ȴһܱȣƷ绪
ŵ˶ˡ
ʮǰѪħŸ
ʮѪħͼɲŵļţ
Ҽ棬һ֮īʯ۹Ѫħš
̲סǺεȷ绪
ֹǳڳŵӣһҲѪ
ԭǰϻڹѪħ֮ˣֻǵȱ©
һȺŵҼźξ壡ҶһЦ̨ڳŵжһ
ս
ս
һЩŵӣ׷׸ߺȣгս⡣
Ҷ죬ŵӣɲ˭ԸΪս֪սΪ޴ǿ꿪ڣ
껰䣬̨ϵļŵӣȻ֣ΧһȺѪħŵӣޱϣ֪ʱжһǿ
ʸڹϣͷ˸̵Ĺ⻪մȾ˴֮ľ綾
ɣ
Ҷϵ緢˲סû뵽Ѫħ֮ˣ˱ɣҪö
ⶾһ̨ϵļŵӣмܻ£
ɣ겻мһЦż֮ˣѪħţħڣħڣӲʤ߿ܣֶΣ
УһӣѪħҲϡλʯ֮ˣѪħţѪħŶӭڤ粻飬뼫ŹɣҶӦò᲻ǻĻɣһЦ
Ҷܸо˵ⷬʱλʯϵŵӣ󲿷ˣж¶⡣
ЩŵУ֪ձûʲôŹеǣΪţֺη
ֻǣһҶ죬ȥ˭֪᲻ǰŸ̤ͱųϺɱ
ľܣʯ֮ˣԸŹȥҶ˫һ󱯰
ҶһڣʱһӰӳ̨֮⡣
Ƭ֮䣬ȥʮˣŵһлڣ뿪ˡ
ʦĴ£Ψٱˡ
֪ʱ쵽̨Եһ仰£ʹѪħŵ֮Ѱ󱣻ȥˣѪϻŻһ㡣
ѪϵſЦݣ̣͸¶˺⣬ͽ
̨֮ϣŵһƬȻ죬Ŵѵǰˣ
һ֮ǰ˵
һʱ䣬ڳļŵӣǷ֣ǰհŵĵӣһֱվҶûκȥ˼
⣬Ŵѵǰ˭ԸŹһĿȻ


107 Ѫɺ
ΧɨĿ⣬ﵱȻˡ
Ҳ˵Ҷչмӣ壬š
Լ뱳ţͶѪħţѪħ꣬Ҳδػͬ⣬ϾײҲ͵ĶԹѪħͺϻڹһļƣϻھ
ѾͼŰһ𡭡
ڣڣ
ս
УȻս⣡
ųǣɢʵŵӻĿᶨУΨһƴһ˿Ź
ǳɲţȥǸʲôգѣǽǻѪȻսԹ޻ڣ
սսս
սһ
ܺãԸ뼫Źˣв٣˸ж
߿֮ϣѪħ꣬¶ѪЦݣ̧֣µͬʱһȣţ
ţ
һš̨֣ϵļ֮ɫ䣬޾־塣
ݣݣݣݣݣ

̶ƿմȾ綾̨Χһʱ֮䣬̨·һ꣬ǵأ޾·Ҫм֮ɱ
̨֮ϣ꣬󲿷ּŵӣ͸¶
Ҷ춯ˣųǶˣλҲˡ
һʱ䣬Ҷλ֣ס˼µĶˣ֮ˣȴûнٺϲãףһУֻһʼ
Ѫħźͺϻǿ߻û֣һ֣λ棬Ͼٹ˼ǡ
Сģ
ӹһ֧ٻĶնϣ䵽ٻߣû°ɣ
ٻҡͷУûо壬Ψзŭɱ⣬ǰıʣ̫죬ͼ֮ˣУֻһ֣ɱ
ǹŮΪŶս
ţ֪սһΪеԺ
ս
ţءɫһ䣬ǵãţǸٻ
ղ̫ˣҺɢˡٻЦʱ˭ܹ˼Щ
̨ޱȹŴȣŵӼȫڴ˵أӿ£һɢҪһ𣬼ѡ
Ŀ⣬Ⱥʵ̫࣬ţӰܿ죬ǲʲô̧ͷ߿֮ϣ˶ļˣһˣ
ϻںѪħŵǿߣҪˣ
ϻλ֮ϵˣǰϣսڣϣ϶ˡ
֣
ɱ˸ٶ˵ʲôãΨսսһС
Ѫһս
ϻڵλޣ̤ն·һƳ죬ֱӾϵѪˡ
֮䣬·е޵С
лѪϣɱϢǣ˳ӭϻڵĽޡ
Ѫ¾ޣԳںͳ֮ϵǿߣĿ߸ϣųڣѪſԣգֻСڣҪѰˣ
һ˫ӣֳ־壬·Ϊɵֻޡ
ڣҲսѩ㵱֮ܣ
ϻһǿ˾ͽף·˳ڵϻ汩ǣ˻һŻ𣬳˾ޣɱһʱ䣬ѷʤ
ǼǸŮ˽ˡ
ѪħУǿĺˣǼһ֮ˣ˵ʵǼλһǿУǿġ
񳯷
ͷӰ֣ͨûϰӰסһѪħǿ߳һ̾
ǿߣҲΪŵӵ춾
ˣһ֮սѪħǿߣ˿·硣
侳ء¶죬û뵽Уǿߡ
λ涼ǣƣһʱ䣬춾޿ɱܣ
Щÿһ֧ͬǰ㣬ѸޱȣѪħŵĵӣǷ֮ǿռ޾ȻԼŵչ˵ɱ
̨֮ϣҽ˷
һ֧֧Ǵ͸˼ŵӵ壬ֻ˱ƤļŵӣҲһƵ£ѪħŵļǾ綾֮Ѫ
īĶѪȾ̨ѪɺӣĪڴˡ
ʱ˿̣ΨһЩʵǿŵӣǿֿסЩѡ
ųǣһ侳ΪȴԶܺλȣǽܱסԼȼˡ
ΧϵµļŵӣļҶ죬ʹر˫
Ȼһ˫ӣٴ޾ɱ⣬ͷ޵Ŀ⣬ںϻϣѪħϣڿնϣֱ֮ˡ
Ҷ죬һжսϻںѪħΪŶսƴȫ޻ڣ

һĻĿѣҪƸۣˮһս
ܸоһǰľģ
ٻϣƥĵƣХĵ⣬նһ֧֧Ķ
ٻɫѲ԰ףǹͨȻԵÿһλܽ飬ʵϾһЩһڵ֮һա
УѪٵĺʣߣҵĽƴŭ𣬴˿̣ģޱȱ䡣
ɲõϣо˿ů⣬ľػеĵ֡
̨ϵļŵӣеԶ˫еĻڴеľ͸֮š
һʻѪ֮С
ǰһΣоԼķ·𱻶ޱȣ£Щŵӣڲ֮ǰһѪ⣬ڣԻ˱ʬ塣
ڵľҲᵹ¡
ˣһӳȥ츳ȺӳȥպΪű𣡡յٻֻƾǹͨס
ӣһΧһȺƻѪħŵӣǸֿЦӵóȥ
ͻȻǲʲô͵̧ͷ
һۣͿڸ߿֮ϣӰվ̸Цؿ·ڿһϷ
һˣǺϻһˣѪħļִϣ
ӣöãҪ㲻ֽɱ𣿡Цʡ
ߣ϶ѣαؽ档һЦ·ɱһ㡣

ЦųǱӰˣ֮ǰû񣬻ҪΪɥ֮Ȯɱ
ţΣ
գҪ
ǹͨɢͨɵٻѹһ˿ľͷѪ֣ͨסγɵļꡣ
ֻǣѪͨҲûֶãͱɢóһҲ³һѪ
ѵҳҪ
ڳɬΡ


108 ŵϣ
ݣݣݣ
һ֧֧ĳû˵ֵ
һӰ˲˹ͬľŵӣΪﵲһ֧֧
ˣŵ¡ϢŵˣļҲ̲סᣬϣ㡭Ǻοࡣ
Ϊ¶ģϣǰڰоµԭŵˣϡ
Цˣƺõ˽ѣң㻹һ
˵仰һ
ʵͺϣΪ
ߣû뵽ԸΪ»أɾûôõˡ
߿֮ϣһĻ̸Ц·𿴵˳ﱻҼĵһĻ
ʱϢɳ𣬲գڣϢɶ
Ц̣ǰһĻεϤ
գҲ̨֮ϣԳ֣ʱɳֻǼɳ׾ٽˣɳģǼһλǿߣĸףȥδŹˡ
ãӡ
֮ˣɱ
֮УĮĻУúɫɷף֣һɷ·ڵġơ޷
ˣ̫ˣ
ɳɱ
壬ۿҪɳ͸һӰںǰ̧֣ɳĨѪħǿĺˣһγ֣Ŀ⣬Զ
Զˣ̤նΧ쫷ƣ̨֮ϵ춾𣬰Եޱȣ

˳̨֣֮ϵļ֮ˣ˿ԭΪԼĳ˳֣ͫһ
ϵλˣˣǾ۱µػߡ
û뵽λ·Զʯϵˣʵ˿£
ţԻ벽侳أǡ롯ˣ˶ӣɳƵУȡ
ûлػÿһ̤ϵͱ˼֣һֿµٶȣ
侳أ㡭ʩչ˽ˣӦϿµҲɫ䡣
Լ֮ͣˣ޷޳ɡ
һʩչ͸֧ԼõݵһţԼҲɶ
Хϻڵһǿߣ룬ϣ̤꣬۱£԰벽侳ΪʩչԲнһ쫷磬ֱӺˡ
ǿˣһΪ侳أʩչķ룬Ҳâ
ӣ
дѪħǿߣַӣһʱҲֻãӲƴòʧ
ŷϣû˾˼ۿ°ãһ磬ҶڣʱҶ֣һʱ·硣
һ룬һ̧𣬾ͽɣѪӿ
ϼһʩչ˽󾪡
ʦ壬㡭Ǻοࡣ
ʩչ˽һǵķϣҶ˫۷죬Ȼ֪ҪĴۣ֮󣬲Ҫ˶֣ʦ壬ͽɣ
ǸСһ
Ҷ죬Ů뿪ͽˡ
һǣԶĺˣԼɱˣӲͷƤҲӷϷâ
һʱ䣬Խѹˡ
ߣ
Ҷ컹ڷϱһҶ죬գ˭Ψŵϣϣ뿪뿪ûɳ֮ǰҪ뱨£ߣ
Ҷ춯ˣһ磬쫷ʧ󣬼µĶ飬һһٻץڿն̨ȥ
ʦ壬Լȡᡣ
ܹ
ӣϻѪħŵǿߣۿҶҪߣ׷׳Ҫ׷
Ȼŵǿߣôȥ׷
Ѫħǿߣֳȥ׷Ҷ죬Ǳ£˵Ŀʵչ֣Ϊ侳ߣʱڣѹѪħǿߣۿĵԶȥ˳ϣ¶Цݡ
ţϣӡ
Ѫħǿߣ䲻ϾͻƵ侳ûãһս֮У಻࣬ףԼŲ˶á
ѪϡϣֻƻǻľޣƴסϻǿߣǵУԿЦ⡣
ŵϣҶͳϡ
ֻҪƾ츳ձܾ˼š
죬˵һ˵ԭˡٻ㸸˵һͽĻԼʹգ
Ѫ˼壬Уżį
սսս
ǿ֮ļսݱ
ֲսݣ
ߣ
к˸һͬҪȥ׷Ҷ졣
ֻǣǵʵҶĶ֣û׷ϣ˾ͱҶµƿˡ

ۿҶųٻʧǰˮɫҲΪѿ
ˣˣ
ţǶԣվһ
һУ֮ǰΪüһӬɲȥ˭֪ʡ
ʩչ˽ķ룬һ֮סѪħǿĴڣס˺ϻںѪħŵ
ϻںѪħŵˣ˭û뵽ƽ˱ʣ
ŵǿ߱ǣƣѪħͨϺ͵ӣסҶ죬ֻҶȥ
û뵽ŴѵͷԼлҶЯ뼫ʱ̧ͷһԿҶ鲼Ѫ˿˫飬ͬܣǰһ̣ھŴȣַǷţһ̣˹ȥ
ڰţϣ
Ŀᶨ˵
˵öԣţϣ
Ҷٶȼӿ죬ɽʯ쾪壬绯һ⣬ʡ
ȫУ˰ʱȷ׷ҶӰ£ٻ˷
Ҷ֣ϵʯȡ£ݸɫأš
ֽӹһǣ
Ҷһй⻪ǣգҶ죬ʽλΪҼµ
䣡
ԺһƬհףɫһ䣬ҲӳˣǣΪΣɷģҲգŴҳպʵҲᱨ
ҳģգϻڡѪħΪűΪңԸĶ
ҶЦˣЦˣⷬˡ
ŵıʯ֮УҸղѽӴ֮Ķȡá
仰Ҷնŷȥ

ɫ䣬׷ʧ򵹵أҶӰʧǰģ䵽¡
ҶĴ㣬ˣҪ뼫Ź
ٻ˫գ类ˮȾ飬ޱȡ


109 ɱɱɱ
ãأһ޼ʡ
һһŮųص壬ãڴ֮У·ʧȥ˷
ʲôطϵã
ãڿڣɬɳơ
ͻޱ䣬һŮӣ͵˱ıԵжٻᣬΧҡͷû
ͷǾͼǰߡ
ٻҧҧ촽˵ʦǣܻ𣿡
뵽Ҷʱ̨һٻģ̲סʹ
λչˣڽ£
Ĭ
ٻ֪˳Ĵ𰸣ɫһʬ㣬ã֮У֪ʱǾͷ
ųصĲǰţڵ𽥻ָ˼ů⣬ɳģ·𱻱ס䵽£ڻ
һĻ棬ħ䣬Ժ֮С
춾ƿն䣬ŵһŵ£Сģֻʮ塢ꡣ
ǰ뼫ţȡһǰ̣˭֪ŴѵͷҲ޷ѣ̵Ѫ֮Уʹ˵㣬
ǰоǾͻںޡ
ǣǰδˣӦڸĸĺǻ£ʵʵѧѧдҵڼʱŸĸȥ棬ﲻ룬˫֣ƲסԼһĻ棬̹ġ
ߣϴĲҽУŭ·ԶͣЪ
ң㻹һ
ֵ춾ʱ˵ǰΪһ֧֧ŵӣǰЦݣһɲǣõ˽ѡ
棬ó彩Ӳͣǰϡ
ϣʵ㱻ܣҲעʯһȻûѡţԼһϣ󣬸Ϊһ֧֧Ķ
ϣɾ
ģ㲻ģ˼֡
Ҷ죬ٻ뿪ʱλƴ￴ϣѪϣϣϡ
ǣԼΪ̾һ֮·˵Ǽλ˸ġ
һλǰԶġ
ϵĴѡ
ѪϵĸҰҺޡ
ϵƴִš
ϵĸ߹š
֮ǰѪй϶Ѫ϶԰Ļ̣Ȼһ̣ѪΪƴʱ龰һм϶ɢΪ١
Ѫϣɾ
״ӣ̣û
챳ʱѪϵķŭܸܵԽԽ
ѪϣģһգһΪŻǰţѪ˱֤
Ϧ£ϼٻӰޱȡ
ţţţţ
ʱ𶯣Զ죬ó̲ס˫Զ
ԶڸͷϵĶ飬Ƶܿ죬֧鷢ǣΧס￴ˣЩˣһʮˡ
һȥӶЩΪڳУΡ
Ϊǿ֮ˣҲ侳ء
ڵͻָ˴룬Щ޾壬˫ۣµĸͷ˸Щ·һ㡣
ϴСǳͦģҪѹկ˰ɣ
ΪǿͷߣһаĿ⣬ٻϣˮˡ
ߣ϶۹⵹ǲСǣҿˣԺҪдɩ𣿡ͷ죬ͺһ˵
ʲôЦͷô꣬ǵһôÿŮˣ϶ѹկˣȫǺðײˡ
ٻɫѿѪͳ죬ǹŮƽʱ˭
һЩˣûҪ
ʱﵭȻٻߴٻһ
˵𣿡
ڣ̧ͷͷ죬ЦˣֻǣЦУȴ̺ű䡣
СӣҸϴ˵Ҳ죬
ǰп£ӶҪһͷ­ն¡
һ̧ҲûʲôУĵᣬһȻ֣˴˲䱻նأУ˲䣬Ȼֹ
侳صİ죬ܻܡ
һ侳صСҲǰ浶
һȺһĻ׷ˣͷȷӦະһ϶
ۿĿ⣬ϣɫһ䣬Ļ֪ˣǵģѹеŭλү۲ʶ̩ɽ뿪뿪
ߣ
Цˣô˵£
գмʵģض
ʱٻһŮˣ³֪
Ųޱ䣬̨ѪȵһĻһֱѹóﴭ񣬳ѹ֣ͷ˳
ɱɱɱ
αس֣ƥĵƣѪӶ
Ƭ̹ʣµʮĸΪǿ侳ͷ죬һֳ룬ЩҵĽУ

ÿһ£ͽһնأѪȵһĻٻףĲѣ³ʹ˶ħ
ģû¡
ҡҡͷｫʬ߿ǣһƥٻ·
ﳤȥֻ±زȱȫʬ塣
ҹĻ٣ٻڽһС
ССҹȴ֣һҿջס
ҹ򿪴ֵĴ֣ӵȺһ̣·ֻص˶򣬻ص¡
ֻǣһȥ׷ڵעܻصǰ
һϵʯ䣬֪Ҷ촫λһһעҪһЩΡ
ϻڣѪħš
˫֡
տʼעΪ޶ϻڡѪħŲţҶ죡
˼˻
ţ⣬ٻ粽룬ôˣû˯
ҡͷ㲻Ҳû˯𣿡
ٻЦô˯š
ͷǰգ̫ˣһҹעߡ
ٻųڴߣֵҹУʣʲô𣿡
ҡͷûС
𼸷ϣٻ˵һȥɣģҸһúģҸҲȫġѪֱҵѪӣǺϻںѪħţҲ
˵㲻ȰңҰͻȥ󣬱뿪
ѪֱûȻңӻѪͳ죬ӻ֮Ůʲô
ңƾʲôҪӻ
㣬ϻںѪħţһ뵽
ԣֻܿԼ
׼ȥ
ٻǴŮˣ뵽ģҲ뵽
֪һһҡͷҪȥԼ֪
ǣһ㣬֪
úûֻлϣ֮ǰҶԡ
֮һжɿա


110 
̤Ľ紦ʱսڣսΪ֮ء
һ߽֮ǣһޣ·بž
һ߽֮ǣΪɣǡ
ɣǣľҪǿľӣѪפڴ˵أֵ̤ҲΪѪĴڣʮ̤νȴδƹɣǵķء
Ѫػɣʮ꣬ȫɣǣɣսɣǾĿУѪͳĵλĵۻʻҪߣ
죬ɣǵػ
Ȼգͳ츮ۡУһµ̺źɣǡ
ɣǵľ񣬶ˣ𾴵ͳ죬ͳУ޾ı࣬ͳѪжʲô£ʹࣿ
ͳ츮ۡУۿϢһѪ³ʡ£ٻɫһ䣬ף
ͳˣ
ˣ׷ɫ䡣
Σת˹ֱ壬ϣŭǣһ˫Ŀ֮Уɷһʱ䣬ɱ֮Χٻͼˣ
죬Ѫͳ죬½ʿսɱһµɷɽɷ죬ǣ
Ѫħţϻڡãܺá
й⻪ǣһȥټǧʿ̱ϻڡѪħţ
սۼݡ
ţɲš
нգʵ˼֮һЩ£Ĳ̤뼫ţУţǣޱȣȻԼŮ뼫ţ
Ȼգ֪ţţϻںѪħָ𣬼λʮϵõʦܣŵҶ죬֪Щס
סͲ죡
ɱ
Ψɱ¾ƽķŭ
Ψɱ¾ο峤֮飡
ס
ٻģȻ˵֪£һʱŸ˭Ҳס
֪δףΪ׵֪
ɣǣУϣǧѪｫʿݵѪ֮ϣֲɱϢǵϯУ
ǣǿľӡ
ǣŴս漣ΪѪ֮ʦ
գǱ𾴵ͳˣټڴ˵ء
ֵǡ
һȾѪս۵죬Ѫ֮ϣĿȻ̨ǧѪｫʿȻ죬ڼųܶʦ̵Ŷ󣬲ŵнգȻգҵ֪ҵţţ˻ٵˣҵĳǣɱˣ
˵λҲ̲סᡣ
ǸңӦô죿µѪǸܵ˵ͷ­¶˻죡
ǧѪｫʿѪ˻һʱ䣬޺𴫱УɣоС
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ

ѪĽʿǣֻһ֣ϣɱ֮⣬ܵ
ѪһǧʿţۻʣҲһ֧ǿѪ֮ʦֻһǸˣǵͳˣ죡
ֻҪͳǰʹǵɽ𺣣һ̤ȥη塣
սϣЩˣ˭ûбͳ˾ȹ
ͳˣˡ
ɣǵľ֣ǧѪ㳲ƺƵӿɣǡ
ɣ棬һУ̤߽У̤ͬľҪ
һзʮӶǧѪ֮ǰΪһˣһԲ׳
졣
׳죬һţ㣬ȥľ㱣ֻ֤ҪҲ֮ǰ̤κˣɣǣ
ͷûлǧѪƵԶȥ
ľ֮䣬һӡ
죬ϣܻŻˣľµġ
ľ̤ǿľӡױͳ죬һױķ̤ӰѪӰһ졣
ľ̤ġ񡱣
죬ʮСս۽ΣӮ٣죬ΪȴϧӢϧӢۡ
գ֪֮£֮ǰһ֧롣
ֻҪľţһղ飬̤ܽɣǣ
ĳŵ
ٻѾͷøġ
һߵŮ̾˿
ףۿŵһ£ȥĸо̫ˡٻȥļҲ̲ס˫ͨ졣
Уɱһαϻڣɱ췭ظġ
ǸʦʩչʦܾȳǷ֮һΣôûһʡ
ʦ𣬱Ǿ۱µػߣλϣ롣
˵ǼҪԼķȥ𡣡ٻĿһңңؽ͵ɣ⣬뿪ˣͷҲأû˵Ҫȥʲôط
˴һټ֮գ֪Ǻʱˡ
˵˵°ɡ˵Գ˽⣬ࡣ
ٻͷ˵˳ڼŵ¼
һţϣ
ʮ꣬뼫ţһΪ侳أս۱£޹ġ
ʮ֮󣬵̨ͻ侳صͨ׾ٻͬΪŵӡ
ֹ˼գͨ侳ŵӣǸŵӶڶͨȭƺƾƥĵƣܣһûͨ
һºŴȣٴγֵһΪ̤侳أѪϵ״ӣ侳ŵӣ죡

¼ȻһҲֻоľ
⣬һʮˣȡõĳɾͣ
츳һһˣ̫ɣֻǿɵ꣬ʮʱδȡ˳ɾ͡
ӣǰ;ѹ֣ѹʦʦʦ壬ƴ뿪
죬˳ǵġ
Ԫڡ
ڴһޱȵӰ£ΧڵӵĿ⣬ǵĿ⣬ŮϣҲƶ
ǰŮӣǴŮˣ֮ǰŵһŮġȣࡣ
Ůһ£˫գˣ续֮ˣ˲ֺ֮ġ
ʡǣʶ𣿡
ŮƺЩһ֣֮Уһ黭黭չҼżɬˣ

һʱ䣬ڵ̲סͺ
ܿ죬ڵһϳˣеˣɲڵͽԪĳ
İŮӣ·Ƿ֮ˣҳģ
ʶ
ŮˮУ𼸷ϲǡ֪𣿡


111 ٹʵ
ãأһƥѸ;ԶԶ·ûоͷ
үǰԪˡ
䵱ģһòͨӣȥʮֻ꣬ͣʮꡣ
˵ǰĵ˵ϣ˲ɣ仰ϣʺϲ
ţ֪ˡ
棬Į·²ؼ
̾˿
ԭһƫƧСĴ֮ǰɱҰ޹ԶԶؿһȺǿ壬ʱˣӣĶŮȫǿС
ŭ·ȴǿ֮ʵ࣬ȥƴ
ԭΪԼɣʱǽˣһʮˡˣһ츳ͨûãͽеǿ¾һգǿǵʬ壬ûһģ䡣
ʱʶ˵У·޾ʹࡣ
棬òݵˣߣȫһľľУΪ棬һľľһͬľ֮ϣˣˣˣˡ
Ȼ䣬ƺЩʧеһָһĨѪ·֪
壬Ԫʳȥ
ڣ˿ˡ
áӦһӱ޸·
ˣǳ
ٻͻɣǸ뿪ˣϦ£ǡһȺǿ壬ʱʱѾˣＸû˻ڣʱ侳һصΪ˽һȺ侳߽׵ǿȺУ·η
ۿҪɱˣеǿɱ
ͬɣʹشʬ󣬵õӦУ㽫ߡ
ϣϣϣѪϡ
̺õһľһ˵ľԵָľ񣬳ģӲ
飬ȥգɶԳԣĿ
һԪʳǣûţͣڷ¥ſڣȥҷ¥С˴Ҫ
֪ʱ䣬ѪħźͺϻڵˣǷٹʥԺ
ҪΪ֪ͨʥԺĸԺףʥԺû£һУü
˭ү·
ʱ⣬һŵܿ죬̧ͷĿϣЦһ˵˭أԭǻƼүôȬˣƳĶͦô
֮ˣǻ᪡
գڷ¥ſڣȥһ۵ĻƼү᪡
ϵţȻ޴棬ȡ֮ǫһЦԭǳ٣٣Ҳ֪֪ʮҲҰ
Ҳˡ
ʱ֪Լϵһ޷ʩչ似ŭǣҪҳﱨ
˭֪ʱΪʥԺһ˵ϢټϻҺ͸ԳĽã׺ǳһٵ׶ﱨͷ֪ʱĳԼһεġ
˵ףҲǳ
ûļ壬һССĳңڶҲΪ
ȻֻҪ֪ȥ֮ˣ˭֪ǳȨ֮ƣ
ʱ򣬳ﲻԸ¡
ǣ͹͹ͷæ뿪
Сôȥͳﺮ䣬̲סʵ
̾˿ŵıʣһһ˵ͬʱ˵ԼĿģ˼ˣϾҪ뿪
ò˵ϢҲ̲ס󾪣£Իû
ţţȻˣ
ڰܸоеʹο
ģû¡ҡͷѵؼЦݣֻǣЦȿ޻ѿ磬ʥԺʲôף
ҡͷ޲ףգһ׸ԺϻںѪħŵˣʱû뵽
˿ظ
磬ҾȵʥԺȥˣȼԺˣһֱ뿪պҺʱΪű˳𣬸ţٻȾơ
һǣʥԺȥ
վڷ¥ſڣųȥҡͷһ̾
ˣʮ꣬Ķ̫ˡ
ţôһģҵ㡣
ʥԺ
ԺףҲЩ㵣ʱգŴ֮ôôˣ
ײڵһΪʱͫΪ֮һ侳أ㡭
̾˿Ժˣţûˡ
⻰ʲô˼
üû˼ֲ
ɫȻȥһһ
ÿһ仰÷ɫ䣬Ȼһ˫ͫһͨһڵأݺᣬʦ𣡣
ظˣϣλƴҶ졢ٻȥˣǷ׵ʦ
Ժˣ
ܸо׵ʹʱĵʱ̲סͺȡ
Ȼȴû˼ʹ࣬оһٴεͺȣףݣ㣬ѹʱҪ㣬ѵϣĺĵǣΪĳɣ𣿡
һδѣųϺŵӣȫģֻЩ䵽ŸҵĺĵӣЩĵӣƽʱ֮С
緽ףЩĵеһԱ

ڵĳǼ
ԪʳϿգƶӰ糾ͣ£һˣ˷·һɢĿ½ƣֱ
һˣһˣվںɫ֮ϣĿ
СǸδػ·һˣˡ
ʦ棬֪ﲻڣգҲҪʥԺٵʥԺԺףնݳɫ֮ˣ˵ˣˣǺϻ
ߵˣǺϻһǿߣл
лУԶǿޡ
ţͻȻлüͷһ壬
ӶɢһӰлǰ
һˣӢΣһ֣ȻʧɫòʣԶ
ǺˣлЩɵˡ
߰ɣʥԺǲܶ˵ڣ䣬żְԵ
ʲôҺϻڰ£֣ŭĿԶԣͺȵ

˴Цһ̧֣ҲûôĶ⴫ϣӡ£ֲСָֻţϻһһˣˡСӱȣԶˡ


112 Ѫ֮
˦һǶ⣬쵽¡
ˡ
ǰ֮ˣ˦һǶ⣿
ңԷٶȣ˵ߵˣûӦһʱ䣬иֵģŭǾ塣
Ǳʶʶһλǿߣ
֣ߵʦ棬ϻڣʵŽǰǿޡлһĽƣ˲ʦƵһ
ȻſȴҲûӵˣԷһһˣ̫ɣֱСӡ
ѵһϻͯϹ
лӺл
ӺһǰˣȻһλү
ԷԳơգѵ֮ˣֻǣңôһ
δ˵
СлЩͳ
çײײӺӺˡ亹ֱʦ𾴵ү򵥡
Ҫ֪ۻʣʦҲǫ
ϻںͼŵ£жţҲܣԪʳǣҪػĶݲǺϻҰɣ
һƵᣬ仰֧飬紵ɢ
ͫһʲôֶΣ
߰ɡ
лһ̾ףȻղλˣԪʳǵļʥԺϻڣעǶˡ
뿪Ԫʳǣʣʦ棬λӺʲôˣǰôû˵
л˫𣬡ΪǻҵĽɡ
ɣ
һ
лͷһۻʵ˽ӣ츳֮ʤĻˣʵˣֻǿ
Ȼ֪ʦлеġˡ˭ɫףˣ궼ʮˣղλӺôᣬ
ʮһꡣ
лĴ𸴣һʮһ꣬ʵˣֻǿ
츳ǰ̫ɣҲȻʧɫ
ʱҲ֪˸ղ˵ݣѹֱ֣̫ΪСӡ̫ɵĻ塣
ʦ棬ΪҪάʥԺѵʲôѰĹϵ
ᣬղ˵ˣŵ£Ѿ֪ͼʲôϵֱӽǴɱ˾ǣʵԸǣ׾١
лҡͷ˵Щį
׷ϰ꣬һʮһСޣ硣
ɱ
ʥԺ
ףڴӱлָԣڣ£ȥ
Ĳһߣߣô
Ѿ˵
ҡͷϷ׵ĻҶ콻ƣ˷У㾡ĵӣɢŵӣۼѰһƫƧ֮أϢһ֮գɱϺϻڡѪħţѪ꣡
ǣ
а̾λᣬȴͨ־
ҪԼȥΨˣܶԴһƬ죬һ𣬻֮£ǰĽŲᱻۡ
ҵ֮أһŸ磬ҹ֮ʱһȥȡ
˵
뿪ˣû÷ͣԦ뿪˻ʳǡ
ãأޱ޼ʣƥѸ;Ϊٶȼ죬ܿ죬ʧڻʳǵҰͷ
뿪
չΪ
ϻڡ
յĺϻڣأǧѪ̤룬һʱ䣬֮Ѫɺӡ
ɽأȫǺϻŵӵʬ壡
ϻפΧŵӣӭĩգǧ侳ʿǧѪǶôһֽ֮ûУŵȥͨ籨ţԶͱѪｫʿеǿŭɱ
ɱ
Уٻǹͨÿһ𶯣ʹһϻڵӵ
ѪծѪ
Ψɱ¾ƽĵļοЩǰŵ֮顣

Ҫɱң
ʲôˣΪʲôҪɱǣΪʲô
ħħħ

ϻڵӣĴӴܣǷ֣޴ӣЩѪʿͺǵޣÿһγ֣׾پʹͬ侳ߣһͱɱ
벻ͨǺϻڣΪλ˺
ǺˣΪҪϻڣǰû󵽣ȸˡ
һ䣬гѪ⣬гǹ·ÿһδ̳ͬһϻڵӵ壬ֱӱ崩͸ǹһ𣬱˦£һϻڵӵ壬⣬Ѫˮɽ
죬ǹ죡
ǹһŭ
죡
𶯲Ժϻפط̶쫷磬ڸ߿պХ
ϻųϣӶ
ɽҰʬ壬Ѫɵĺһ˫ӣɵûԲ̺޾ʹ࣬˵ĺ⣬ѹֶͳ죬գлұӻҲɱ㣡ǧѪ

ЦЦ֮УѣҲʹβ룬㼫Ѫħ֣ҼʱҼŵӵ飡գ죬ΪŸûҪ뿪ǧѪｫʿսһˣҪϻڵ汳
úĹۿţϻڵϼһÿ죬ǧѪɱ˿죡
Ѫǧսһˣݣ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ

ǧѪｫʿƳ֮ϻڵľݿ౻
ϣϣϣĳϣٶ죬ȥ֪ͨλ棡ȥټŵӣȥסӣʣµĳϣɱѪҵҪ֧Ѫ֮ʦҺϻ侳ǿУ֧Ŷã
ɫ̤ն䣬죬ȥڡ
죬գҪУ֣µ̺ų콣ƣͨХ䣡
죬㲻ɣ
뿪Ѫ̤ն𣬳ǹһӭȥǹָշ·𶼱飡
ǹ֣ͨһǹͨش
ôܣɫ䣬죬㡭㾹ͻƵ侳أ
侳أ
ǹ죬ǳ֮ǰŰ츳Ϊ֮ˣ̤侳أʵ棡
ȥ
¶Цǹһ𣬾Ҫȡ侳أԶĶ֡
Сģ
ϻʮλϣ׼ǧѪ֣ͷٵΣһʱ䣬ʮ̤նµƿգΪһ
ʮξ壡
гǹָһʱ䣬һ֮ʮϻڳսò£侳صȫչ˳

ϻһλ侳صĳϣϰѪｫʿֹ֮£ĩ
侳µĺϻڳϣѵѪ֮תˡ
ϣң
߿֮ϣ̶ƿϮϻλ棬ڽ١


113 ʧ
ĴĮһ߼ʡ
һڴĮߣ·һ磬ڴҡҷķ
żҲͣ£ٴ뿪ʱֻصʬ塢Ѫ
һǰͺ̣Ӷiǰ˵ĺ󳾣˴ĮеĹ»Ұ
үǽīʯ۹һˣǵȥģ
Щƣүֻһֱǰߣһ··ûоͷ
ǰ
ﴫĻʼգֻ䡣
ҡҡͷҲûʲôԹԣүȵģүĻȵۻʵʥּҪߡʥ
ۻʣ߸ϣ
Σ
ǿǴʱǿļ⵶ͽ޶ʱۻ
ֻ֪ЩǿʱүΪǴӵϰٴΪ޶˳
ү˽òֻ֪࣬үء
һʮҵˣǴֻܴӴҰ޻ֵ˳ˣλүɱЩ׺۾գһµģΪֹûĸүһ
侳εͬүһնɱ
һˡ
ǰذڷһľЩľһˣˣֱǳۡɡᡢ¸աĺɡܿ
ľ񣬳¶Цݣ·ֻصһǰʮһ졣
ʱմųݳǣΪһ䶯ȫǵ硢񣬵ʱǶô֣һȺˣΧԣΪף
գʮգעֻޱߵĴĮжȹ
ûףûˣΨɳɱĴĮ
үǰ̶Ӻɱƹȥ𣿡
ǰ˰죬Ϧ£ۼ⣬ǰһȺ̶ӻڽѪɱһߣռϷ硣
ãֱߡ
˵
ǡֻһˣᵣģһ·ϣʶүʵүʵš
ϣЩۣܳǵ⣬Ȼ
ΪЩ
ˣ̶ӻɱѪߣͻȻһԶ۶·ѹûǣ֮ȥ
һȺκ쿪ˣֵǣǣһ侳أһ侳ضѡ
챾侳ߣɨ˵Ϊʱ̶ӻɱֳһ
̾˿УΡı֡
·һ紵ĳ
ϼĳ£ֳɫĵ⣬·Ե֣֮ÿһ˸һʮΧ֮䣬ȫ¡
һӰͣɽ̶ӻУʱǶôߴ
δ𡭡δ𡭡
µϣѪ˳ŵѪۻ䣬ġ
ˣﻹ֪ߵˣƾ侳ΪҲһ
ݣ£͵죬ͷ­̶ӵĻն¡
ʵ൱̶ܱӵĻ֡
̶ӻлѾļԦ£ȥģֻɳ
һټϳɱʮʣµһɢɳܿͱ̶ӻˣʱ̶ӻһµ˵С㣬λǿߣˣ·ɡ
̶ӻһ亹벻̶ͨôôùôǿȫû
˲ҪСˣ󣬼ȻǨŭǵļˡ
ţ߰ɡ
Ĵ类һ˫Զʧǰò崿ŮӦһ
ᣬһ˫ӣȴ·̺޾Ĳɣ׾ʲô
οɶҼżľ˫ϣֳֺ档
Ҳ֪պǷлټ
ĸŮȻԷͲ֪Ĵڡ
ţ
̶ӻǲʲô̧ͷ߿ա
ֻ߿֮ϣ֮У쫷ӶһɫӰ֣ɫӰ·һɫƥǰӶȥתۼ䣬ûУʧ
侳
̶ӻһû뵽ʺĴĮ֮Уܼ侳ǿߡ
һϲɣĴǣʧǣڴĮ֮УبŲࡣ
īʯ۹ĮеһУԪʳǻҪսǣͲһɨ˷ɫһͺһէ֡
ʱ֮⣬һЩΪЩߣֱӱѪ
侳ضѣҲʧҰ
ʱװľȣǰ洫üԦɫס
⼸гľһΪҲ侳ضѣ侳ը׵ġơǰûκεֵ֮
壬û°ɣ
˵һүû˶Դʡ
үû¡ҡͷ
壬Ұ㱨𡣡£˲䣬ƥĵƣ𣬻ƣһգαس֣һף
֮˻ûӦ֮ǰͿԽ˳֮
𣬵䣬貵ĵ⣬̺ﲻƵĵƣ¡
꣡׳˶ˣת˲䣬ü֮£һ룬һ𣬲Ȼء
ǰһУ̫죬ΧûзӦ
ǷӦĿУֳֺȻ侳ߣһɱ侳ߣĲǣ侳ߣʮ꣡
ʮ꣬侳أ
ƿʮġڡŵӣҲû츳ɣ
ˣʲôˣ
ۿȥչʧǰڳ֮ˣŷӦ׳˶˱һΪʬ壬ָָ㣬ǵùΪԷ侳ؾͺ۸һɱˣ
Ȼʵһ㣬Ͼʮˣ滹ʵǿĸ磬ǸˣҪùˡ
ҿδأǸˣʮ꣬һΪ侳أԽɱУ϶Դ֮ˣǼ磬Ӧû

˼Ҿ¥£һ֮ͣԱһ£ѣСֵܣٷϿ뿪ɡղɱˣûʲôʵ磬ĴףʮʮŶĦƶĶһΪ侳һأҹֱĦƶĶһΪ侳أԶܱȡ
ʮ
һ漴̧ͷˣ΢΢һЦлѡ


114 ʮ
ʧǣλīʯ۹ϱߴĮԵһ͵Ľ׳УΪīʯ۹šڡƿء
˽֮⣬Ԫʯס
ֻܹճƷнµĹ似ͼҩͨ
ԪʯԹнϵĹ似߼ҩ
ԪʯһڡԪʯ󡱣ΪԪ۶ɣЧá
ڡԪʯ󡱣˽⣬ڵļţԭȱһԪʯ󣬼ŵӣΪÿ£ȡһԪʯ
֪УΨжͻңֵ²ԪʯԪʯ󣬿˵һĵڡ
񣬼űѪħȡ֮ԪʯҲ
СֵܣҸʧǣǲӦҺȱƣ
µĲ֮ͣһӣԼĪʮңһȣȴûзֺ͸¶Ƿϣĺ磬ƽ˼ֱ뺷һװ磬롣
Ȼͷ
Сƿٻ𡯡Цˣ̧־к
СȡһƿƣµİƿԵľˮҲرеΣǾ¥йأƣȸˣһƿٻʮöƷԪʯ
⻰ǶԳ˵ġ
ʮöƷԪʯ
һ֪ȥУ侳ŵӣÿ£ҲֻȡöƷԪʯһƿƣȻҪʮöƷԪʯ
ˡ
ǧ괫йأԪʯɵԪʯƹܣÿŷŵԪʯŸһųϣʣµԪʯʯУǧԪʯΪֲ
ʯ䣬Ҷִ˳
װ뻳ʵǴʯȡʮöƷԪʯСƿٻ
ʯ䣬ΪָϡǳȥƱػƽһЩ鷳
ˬ죬ȡ
ٻһСʣµģͶƿӺȣǲٸ˵ڶ
СȻҡͷһЦҲ⡣
Ʊһڣ͸оһڵٲȻ䣬һ˿ƿͻƵ侳صļó󾪣ƵЧã
˾ƣȷʵֵʮöƷԪʯ
壬ƶкܴôȡ˵
ԳΨǴӣͷƱһɫ΢ֹȴˣ°ٻûһɫǺ죬üȶ˫һɣţֻһ㵹£ȥˡ
ˣһֻǻԺ˿
ٻԪİٻɣˣЧȾ鵤ֻ侳ߣһٻ㹻ˣһٻ𣬶ĺôҲܴõĻ̤侳ߡҲ˵
͵
Ȼѹ֣ղźһٻ侳صΪƿɶҩЧûɢȥҩЧаڶʱڣ̤侳ء
ʮöƷԪʯֵˡ
ٻ鵤Բֻ࣬еһκȣΪĹЧٻҩЧº̤ͣ侳ٳߣãѸΪһ㣬ʤ鵤ܶӣǰٻ𡣡˵
ͷȷʵ鵤Ե侳ߣ侳һã߻ħ
Σ嵹иˡ
һȥǸ΢Ц
֣֮ǰʮȴ֪ʮǣʡ
Сֵܣ㲻īʯ۹ˣһ
ֻҪīʯ۹֮ˣ˭֪ʮ
ͷ
ѹ֡
Ȼ˵ʮֱ֮Ϊʮƿصʮ츣أλƿصԪʯ֮ϣڵפأԪʯԪʯΪܼ֮ء
Ԫʯ
һԪʯζʲôȻ˵ŹȥƿصԪʯСϪƿصԪʯǴӣûпɱԡ
֪Ԫʯ󣬲һ򵥵£ԣԪʯ֮ԪʯϣٳʮԪԣĶ츣أÿһͨ츣أֱͨԪʯԽԪʯĲɾ򡣡˵һ¡
ͫһڣñ˰Ԫʯɣ
Цˣܴʵȷʵˡ
֮ųֻҪīʯ۹š֮ˣ۳ƾԼʮ츣أȻҲû۵ģÿһ£ڻǲʹߣȡһԪʯԪʯʮ֮С
еգʮ߹ģʮԪʯС̶ȣֳֻУһ춴ռݵԪʯΪʮöռݵԪʯС˵ԽǰĶÿһҪϽԪʯԽ࣬ԽǰĶÿһµõԪʯҲࡣ
һ̾ڵĿɽʦˣⲻǰⷿ
ʮڵķӣÿ£ϽԪʯǷ⡣
ֻǣһ㲻ͬⷿ⣬ڷķٳġ
ܿٶ٣Ϳıˡ
ԪʯĲɾȷʵѣһ㣬ȥﵹš
ʮҲܴںĶʱ̶ǰĶϾǰĶֻãܵõԪʯҲ࣬ԪʯͿǿ˫΢Ц˵
㣬ﵹǲȣǬ½ԹǿΪûʵȻסõԴ
죬ллСֵܵľˣҲûȥˡ
վ˸Ƿҡҡڰ߳˾¥ٳǰٴδѳֵܣռʮʮŶҲЩֶεģ㣬뿪ɡ
ֵˡ
ۿӰʧǰҡͷһЦ
˵㷹ˣ̧Ԧ˸һҿջúúͻطȥˡ
ٻҩЧڵþδж侳ƿɶ
Ŀ꣬һֱ侳أ
ֶ֣߲ͨ£Ԫ۵£˳ڣﻯٻҩЧ
˹ȥþ鵤ͨľ飬񻯽Ҳᳵ·
ʧϱ߲Զһ嫹ľɽֱյգԶԶȥɽΧǶһ߲ʹ֣Ѥޱȡ
Ϥˣ֪߲ʹ֣ŨԪֵͨġ
һɽ֮УһԪʯ
ڣīʯ۹󶥼֮һפرɽ֮С
ɽ֮Уפ֮⣬ʮ츣أ֮Ϊʮ
ʮǿƣ˵һ춴ĶҪҵ
ʮʮŶĦƶУϢ


115 쵤
Ħƶŵϵزŭ£ϢǵϯڳĦƶӣ
ɫĵܣ˲̵ֶɱ
˭ɵģ
̧ͷк絶ɨ򽫲Ħƶӡ
ڳ֮˵һˣʮ꣬һΪ侳ءĦƶӣĿ⣬̲סͷ
ʮ꣬侳أ
Ȼŭȴûʧȥǣüͷһ壬ĵܣôҲ侳ߣһ侳صɱˣôСԽɱеֶΣ
˵Ϊү⡣ĦƶӲ˵
ڻʧ𣿡˫˸â
Է뿪ˣȥ׷ɱĵܣѪծѪ
ǣڳԿջסˣʱû뿪˼ڼӡ
İˣ⣬ٽмȥӣз紵ݶϻرȥһˡ
Ħƶӣ뿪Ħƶ
ΪĦƶçײ֮ˣȻֵ֮ͬŭ£һ뵽ֵأֲòء
ʮ꣬侳أ
˭֪᲻ڵĵӡ
ǣ츳صĵӣ˵Ĵ磬Ҳǲ
ֻϣԷڵӣȻ£ֵֻܴݣ̡
פأռԪʯΪܼ֮أ̤УԸо˷۶ŨԪĦƶӣյڵɽǰͱ
ĦƶԬϡڵ˵
ԭȥΪһڵӵͷӯ·һ磬ɽš
ܿ죬뿪ڵӣֻˣ治ɣǰգԬϸպñչһҩҪٹգŻء
üǰĸڵӣλǴһ¡
˵ţ֣ݳöӨ͸Ԫʯ
öƷԪʯĸڵĿһԪʯæ˵㾡ʣ֪޲ԡ
ֻŵӣƽʱһ£Ҳֻ쵽ʮöƷԪʯ񣬸ԵһöƷԪʯ൱һöƷԪʯ൱ʮȡԪʯˡ
̲סпʮȻ͡
ʮŶ־˴󷽡
֪֮Уһλˣʮ꣬һΪ侳ء
ʵ
ʮ꣬侳أĸڵӣ󾪡
⵹û˵һ츳ĵӣ϶ԶΪ֪һڵҡҡͷ˵
ô˵֮УûһӣĿһ
⵹ҲδأЩϣϲ츳ĵѩȵŴʱһˣһһˣʦ֣˵ǰŴ֮ǰû֪ĴڣһŴȣԶʮ֮䣬չֳ侳Ϊš
һڵ˵
ȷʵˡڵӣҲͷ
ɫһⲻû˵
λԬأϣλ֪һ˵Ħƶһۡ
ֻܰϣϤڳϡ
ģԬһأǶΪͨ
ڵӶͷ
Ҿٵ졣
Ħƶ뿪
ʧеĲҵ󲿷УʣµһЩʮ¢ϣҪʧҲǲУԵʧĹ㳡̯ףȻÿһ̯λҪʱϽԪʯ
סĳԿջڳԶĲҵԶʮУھŵĶ
ķֶ߲ͨУһΧԪɢͨҲʱˣ˼ı仯·һĵˡ
ͻˡ
ǣЦݣʱ䣬ɹƿ̤侳ء
ڷӿҲ˱仯ʵɱ䡣
塣
뵽գҲ֪ˣ߳ţķš
үţȡ
壬ϲ
һۣͿΪ侳أֱӿԽ侳أ˷˼ٻҩЧȻǿ
˭֪ͨһڵأųͿͷóʼϲ壬ʲô
үһɽҰ񣬱ǿУү֣Ҿ£Ϊ޶ҡүǴҴԵ侳أڹȥζ룬нգȫү֮үݡ˫۷죬˵
ˣ壬Ժɱˣҿɲˡҡͷ˵
үʱҪˣҲͿȥҵ޶ˡɫ
ڸүĵһͰģΪүˣѹʧȥ޶ıˣүҪˣҲԽˡ
壬ҿЦġ
û뵽æתƻ⣬壬Լȡְɣ֪ǴӽԺҪҵģҪΪ侳ߣ侳ߵģܲһְֱɣ
үˣӽҾͽСҡүѡ
ɫ
кң뿪˳Կջ߳ջţĿһͻƵ侳غóһʱͷ֣ڼ
Ħƶô
ǸһĨЦ
ǰ߼﷢֣ڰˣҲˡ
Ҳ⣬Ҿʧߡ
ңһΪ쵤󡱵ĵǰͣ½Ųﰵҵ̣ѵʮеĵһ춴ʲôϵ
߽쵤ֻ渻ûʣһǫСӭ𾴵ĿˣʲôҪ
ﵭһЦǵ󣬶ʲôҩۣ
СתһùһСӣݸ쵤۵ĵҩ棬˿зġѡ񡣡
﷭СӣһҳصǾɢɢ֮ĲҩɢЩҩɢãϸļأЩҩɢԽ۵ġ
ڶҳصǾش̱
УֻоȽϤһöʮƽ𣻻شƵģҩЧȽɢúܶ࣬һöشһƽ𣻹̱侳߹Ϊõĵҩһö̱ƽ
ҳصǾ鵤鵤Ԫ
һö鵤һöƷԪʯ
һ˵鵤ҩЧͰٻȣ˶٣Ϊμ۸֮СˣʳԼɻ
С˽˵ˣ鵤ͰٻȻҩЧϡ̶ȣȴͬնٻҩЧºͣȻӣֻҪ֪ٻ˭졣鵤ҪʦƵģÿһʦƵҩҪѺܳʱ䡢ܶľ


116 ö
СһóȻ
ʦǬ½ΪϡĴڣΨ˻֮֮ˣгΪʦĿܡ
֮УֻΪԵĻ֮ƣΨºԵĻ֮ƣܽʹߣܳΪʦ
һٸ˻֮Ƶߣһ˳Ϊʦ㲻ˡ
ҩʦʱ;ĽᾧټʦϡȱҩļֵȻЩ
Сӣ¿صģ鵤
鵤Ҳǵһ˵鵤Ľʱһ鵤ǿԲ侳ĵĵҩһ鵤鵤ڶʱڣתʹá
鵤ҩЧԵͬʱ˺Ҳܴһߣùһ鵤Ҫʱ䣬ȫָ
ʱ䣬һ鵤ʱбķա

п
鵤侳ͽ߶ԣڹؼʱ̣ܾ
һö鵤öƷԪʯ
鵤ָܻСˡ
Ϊͬ侳ߣ鵤Чֲͬ侳һߣյ鵤Բ൱ԣʱһ侳ߣԲ֮һ侳ߣԲķ֮һԴơС˵
Ϊ侳ߣǾֻܲ˷֮һ
ֱǱˮн
鵤ԣûá
¿
ԪúʮʱڣܼӿԪٶȡ
һⲻǺľ߲ͨƣԶԣ߲ͨ⣬ֱ޾Ԫ
Ԫܼӿ٣ٴСˡ
С˲䷳ʼմЦݣܵҪ츳ۣ츳Խ֮ˣԪЧԽԣһ츳ˣܼӿһ޶֮ˣܼӿ
Ԫֱⲹ츳ȱݵĵҩ
ֻǣҪѵĴۣ̫ˡ
Ԫһö۾һöƷԪʯ൱һö鵤ļ۸
Сӣһҳ棬ֵҩأ
侳õҩ侳ߵô鵤侳ߵô࣬һöʮöƷԪʯͬһǧöƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯ
̲סզ࣬ϵļʯ棬ǧԪʯУƷԪʯҲֻʮö
ƷԪʯ̶ȣ֪
¿
ض侳Ҳɷãú츳ͨǱչֳȻսȻҩЧʧ츳ͨ˯ϡͨƷԽ֮ˣͨ˯ʱԽ̣ͨƷʼ֮ˣͨԶ˯پѡ
ĸã鵤ˣ
ΣʱЧ㷴ΪʤҲǲܡ
ıۣöƷԪʯ
СӽظСˣС΢ЦʣˣҪĵҩ
ͷ鵤һö鵤һöԪ
˵һ£һö
һöСһ
һöԪһƷԪʯ൱һöƷԪʯ
С˱ϾǼˣܿͻָ˹
ҩĻشҲһöУһö
ˣҩ쵤ֳɵģĻҪԤһöƷԪʯһºȡȫµƷԪʯС˵
ԡͷ
ܿ죬С˾Ͱֳɵĵҩȡ˳Ķ𣬼һöƷԪʯöƷԪʯһƽ
ƽ𣬲֪ǷԪʯ棿ʡ
һöشһƽûôƽ
ԵġС˵ͷ쵤ĶһһöƷԪʯɻȡʮƽ𣬿û㹻ƽĻʮöƷԪʯҲԡ
С
︶ˣȡ˵ҩ뿪֮ǰ̲סСˣ쵤󣬸ʮһ춴֪кιϵ
ô൤ҩСòɣֿˣ֪޲ԣˣ쵤󣬾춴ĲҵǵǶƵģʮУҲֻǶơ
˵СЩԺ
ԭˡ
ͷֱ뿪Сһֱ͵ſڡ
ͱסˣһöƷԪʯͼֵʮƽ
ǰգ¥ڵһƿٻʮöƷԪʯ൱һƽ
µһٻһƿٻʮ֮һɣʮƽ
ҸоͷƤЩ顣
ʮƽȥ붼룬ڣһȫȥˡ
ݳޣ̫ݳˣ
뿪쵤󣬳ִȥ˼ҵ̣гģг۹似ġ
ʱ֪ļֵȻôߣһͼֵöƷԪʯ
似û켶Ĺ似ۣؼ߽׹似в٣Уرĵؼ߽׹似ֵʮöƷԪʯǲһЩģҲҪöƷԪʯզ಻ѡ
ʧǣֻҪԪʯ켶似ʲôˡ
үʲôʱ뿪
صջʳ
뿪
һΪʲôҪ뿪
һͣүѵ㲻׼뿪㣬ѵҪڣΪڵӣ
ҿԼү츳ڣҲǷëǵĴڣ϶õڵصǰ;
Ȼǣˣܰš
ҡͷĿ⣬֪䣬еʯϣֻŵˣңŵϣ縺ŸŵΡ
壬Ԫʱ򣬼ǵ÷á
һ֣ȡöԪݸҡ
ү⡭̫ˡҲҽӣǰ֪ԪʯļֵҲˣ֪ˣ
öԪöƷԪʯöƷԪʯ൱ڡ
ƽ
ҵĳɣﻹ֪˼һЦ壬ڣǰ۹ȥЩңĿҪųԶһЩɲС
ҵͷӹöԪǣү
壬ҪģǺúʱûҪȥ˵
ǣү
һط󣬳뿪˿ջ˼Ҿ¥һöƷԪʯһЩ¡
ʮʮöλֵܡ
λ侳ߡ
Уʵǿ벽侳˴֮
ЩȻΪģʮΪһĶȻʮΪҡֱϣٳԼպҪ˼ţһ˵վޡ
㣬˽⵽ʮʱˡ
һΪͻƵ侳أҲǵʵʩʱˡ
ö
˫һصջϲһƥѸ;ԣȥˣʮͬڣС


117 
öʮе׵ĴڣռݵԪʯҲС
öֻаˣöӣöĵϸʱҲ̲ס̣öĺᡣ
öɴСⶴˡ
壬˳Ŵ·ߣڣɽƫƧġ۵СϿڣҵö
СϿڣΪöĴڣԪҲԣȻֻԣУöӵģϾöλԪʯĩˡ
ԪֱȼԪҪϡ
վϿ⣬ü粽˽ȥܿ죬ͷ֣öĶڣȻû˰ء
ʲôˣ
ڳ׼ȥһ̽ʱӴӰö̤СϿȵһ
ﶨһۣ־߹סΧһ׵ӣӣվһշ𣬳ϴ·ͬһģһ
ʲôˣ
ʱٵĽŲһˣ˳վӵ
˵Ϊﶼܿ͸侳أһ侳ء
ˣСޣöʲô
վмӿˡ
Ǻ󣿡ʡ
Ǻ󡣡ִĴָϷһ˵
Ǻ
Ǻ
Ǻģ
Ǻ壡
֪Լ¶ˣӣȻö
˫һǣƳ죺ӽ쿪ʼңöµĶ
ֵܵɫޱȣʱӳʶʮˣһλ侳ߡ
ˣͫһǷ֣ǿ͸ö˵Ϊ
Ҳ˵ˣҪǿ
Сޣ츳ҪΪöҪֵܲС
󿪿ڵͬʱֵϣ֮
һƵᣬʣ֮£˸Ĺ룬ȴûй¶ǽһ

ֵɫأˣб
侳ߣƾ侳ߡ

һȣ󵶳ʣʴ壬ӳ£֮쵽£뵶Уն
ֵҲˣٶ˺ֺ󵶳ʣϯĵӳ绯¡

˫𣬽·֮ɰ˲Ȼһ
Ŀ֮£ƾʧԭء
ˣֵЩ£⡣
棡
ˣѡ
˫𣬼ںֵܷӦ˲䣬ﶯˡ
鶯һ𣬿쵽µ嵶·ԸǶڵľƣ嵶֮У䡣
ݣݣݣݣݣ
ת֮䣬ֵԴͷĵȥյʱ˱ȥͷŻء
ֵܷһͷһͷͺͺһƬһʱ䣬⣬֪ˣȻȥľͲǵͷǵԴˡ
΢֮ƣķ֮ƺ͵ƣ̤΢硭
ųĿ⸴ӣֻ̤侳ɾΪٳٲ͸΢֮ƣ̤侳û뵽Լģǰˣ侳أ΢֮ƣ΢֮ơ
Ҫǣˣʮꡣ
ãԼʮ꣬ȥˡ
Σ
һƵᡣ
ӽö
һ̾Ҳˬ죬ֿˣλֵܣԺúø¶Ȱǿ
Щ
ۿתĸֵȥ˫𣬿˵Ը⣬Ҳ¡
ΪԼˣתȷϵԸð£ѵͲ°ͻƵ侳󣬺Ͱֵһٷ㣬öƿȨңҪ£öԪʯ֡
ЦˣǱ£֮λøֺη
֣ԼԽԽ͸ˡ
ţ
˵˵öԪʯ￴
öԪʯһ£ԿɳöƷԪʯٶöƷԪʯöƷԪʯõĻܶһöƷԪʯ˵
ô٣ü
ͷöÿҪϽöƷԪʯڣʣµԪʯȥǿǰ˸
Ȼѹ֣ѹöô٣ԭԪʯԴޡ
ԪʯһЩӣ֡
ĦƶöȣΣʡ
ûȡҡͷ¶ЦĦƶʮʮŶԪʯÿ¿ɳԪʯȥϽڵԪʯʣµԪʯԹ侳ͽöÿµõԪʯǿܹһ侳ͽһûиԪʯȥյӣʲô¶ҪΪɿҪ󡭡ԣ侳ߣһ㿴ϰö
ЩöҲ̫˰ɣ
Ħƶôԣ
˫䣬â
ǰգ͸˵ɱ֮ˣĦƶ׵ܵܣ⼸գҲܲڰмԼ²⣬ЩˣӦþĦƶˡ
ĦƶˣΪʲôû֣ҲܲµһЩԭ
УӦøͺΪйأڣĦƶˣ϶Ѿ˼̽ĵϸţһԼĵϸ¶ĦƶˣֱӶ֡
ԴУǳķ񣬳̧ͷֵܣ˵ǸղҪ뿪޷ǵöԪʯԴ⣬˵аսĦƶ£ֵܣԸ£
˻
Ļúֵܣˣ̲סһ
Ħƶ
ĦƶΪʮʮŶɲöܱȵģҪǣĦƶУһλ侳ߡ
ѹ¼Ŀ磬аգ
ͷֻҪԸæʮա
Ļһʱ䣬ֻǺüͷ𣬾ˣҲĬˡ
ԭȣǻΪҪƾԼĦƶˣǿﲻУɱҲûӰ죬ĦƶҲӵиõ£Ƕԣ޺
ڣ˵ĦƶҪǵİæ޷Ҫˮ
ʱҪûɹЩˣȫҪᣬҪܴķա
ֵЩɣﵱȻ֪ǵ뷨һЦҸһʱ俼ǣǲԸһ뿪öǸǰһ͵Ҵûֹ
뿪һȥշǰĵʮһţǰæһĦƶ


118 
ĦƶУŴסҹأһʱ䣬˵ĺ⣬Ħƶڳİ˸Ħƶӣձ
ĵܣ
׺ҹűز͸¶ɱ⡣
ֵ֮䣬ѪգǱչʱܸо޷۾ǰأû뵽һأجģǵĵ˲̵ֶɱˣѹձչʱ񲻶
ܣô£
ףһеĵӣĿ⣬ϡ
ҹҲ˹ȥ
ȥ˵ԼĴ㣬âһԬһֻҪȷڵӣһֽɱ
׵ͷܣ£㴦úܺá
ҹüܣȥ˿ɻ飿ˣɾ޴ӱˡ
ġ
䣬Ħƶ⣬ҴҵӰ˽
ˣɫһȵҲǼǸСǻʲô
ȥӳĦƶӣʱЩίڼСӣֻǣղţֱˣ˰죬ûټֻû㱨
壿
ɫһѵڵӣ
׺ҹɫҲΪѿ
ԷڵӣԶԷ츳صĶǶ˶Էڶǿ
Ҳģѵĵܵĳ𣬾ôˣ
ҹһ
һǲڵӣڻȷ壬бҲ˵ңڵӣպδؾûлὫܲһӶڣֻҪɾһ㣬˲ˡ
׵Ļҹ˿
һУлᡣ
ˣöɱˣ
һĦƶӣæ˽˵
öһ
ӣɣҹɫһ
ߣȥȥ
Ħƶ⣬һͨµĶɽΪɽߣïܵĴ֣鲼
ֵܴ߳ʱͿɽԶಲǷҲӣ̤Ĳͺͷҫ£ԣԲʲôһڼϣǴҽǿ
侳ڣĦƶһ˶ˣǰˣö
޷ֱӣ
ֱʮĳ裡
ֵ̤ܲЩԶԶĦƶһ˴͵ģϣ¶Цݡ
ûƭǣƵͣĲĦƶˣˣǵøĸˡ
ʵղŰ;ͺܲϰ
ޣҪҪղ˭Ը·ģҪǶõԴϣԸͣ
ˣˣԺ󣬰ˣ̫˧ˣΪɶҪͷĨأ
㶼û֣ͷĨͣ»ᷢ⣬ȸɼܵʱϹĹۣһˣʹ죡
磬
ǡ

ˣںֵܺ棬ԣǰôûλǰôأ
Ħƶʲô
ֵܿҹüʡ
ҹôôĦƶȻĦƶƿȨԺǾ͵ǵöȥɡ޲ˣöҲȥˣգǶҪ
һֿһֻ̧ĹͷϼЦݡ
ĦƶƿȨƾǣ
ЦˣʮһĦƶӣҲ̲סЦˡ
ֵǣһǣ
Ħƶһ˴ЦʱпһǣɲǼ䣬۵£ҹն£Ű̺ŷĵ£ҹӦɲǣһҹԴ£ɽһԡ
ܣ
һĳգվ˷ֺδܼʱĶܡ
磡
ˣʮһĦƶҲˡ
󣬳ûκԤףƾ벽侳ΪһͽǶͷˣңеĵƺЩͬӿУâٶҲ졣
û뵽㾹վҲɣöˣȫ
ŭУ֣ǣҲеĽҲ
˵󻰣˭ᣡ
ͺһһ𣬷֮𣬼ٺӡ
ӣӵ𣿡
Цۿһת۾ӳʮ׿⣬һ𣬸Ϊķ֮Ƭ̣ľ롣
棬â£ƥƣХ𣬶źһ£۶ɵĽâ˺ѳգֱӺ
ͷƶһֻӴĺɫ޳֣޵ģѰҰߡ˷ƣһԷ˫죬Ǻ츳ͨڤͨ
ڤͨһâΪһ壬޺һ
壬˲¶ؿڣĺɫëпһǣӭ׵һ
꣡
ױϾ侳ߣнϽâ۶ɣͨҲԶ׶֣һͽ۵ɢ𿪺еһâ£Ҫ͸š

ͻȻһϤĲҽУһңعͷȥ
нϵĽâһʱҲţͣһ˿ʱ㿪âӹ֮ɽһľ飬ϣһĹ֡

׻ͷĿѣ
֣Ħƶʮһӣ֪ʱϢ£һ¡
ô
׺Ȼ֣öĸϵĿҲ
ĦƶҲֻһ
ĸƾ侳ߣĦƶܿģһʱ䣬ʶԼϵˣ˿Լ׷ȥΪ˸ö˴ᣬɱĦƶ֮ˡ
󣡡
ۿÿĽâöĸһâ˸ΪɱĦƶˣĦƶƿȨҸǣɱֵܣֻҸŭǣøҡ
ףΪ㲻ɣֵǣϣһ
³һѪŵضĸֵͬʱˣֵܣͨƿն۵µâֱס
侳ߣһˣǰ벽侳ټͨףҲҵӭȥͬʱɫأͷ֮ϣһӰ۳͡
ݣ
ʱ·Ϊ֮һĴâ׺µٶȣ졣
׵ڲԣö֮ˣа֣
̶ĺХ顣


119 µĶ
˵Ǵģǿ侳ߣҲ⡣
Ȼƾ΢ƺ˺ֵܵ׺ͨϾûܼʱ
ͨ۳֮ʣһâŷƥ΢ƣµ͸ĺ󾱡
ֹסѪ˳ײϵѪӿת屻ֵ֮ʣֻһӰһˣʮꡣ
Է˭ΪҪöˣʶͳʧԶ˯ˡ
ۿ׵壬ֳֵܷأĿ䣬ûκβ
ڵѲǹȥճ𣬷ᵽǬ½п淨˳˵磬ɱɱ㡣
ɽɽɽԵЩصʬ壬·˵ţӽտʼʮʮŶĦƶ
µĶС
ֵܵϣ¶ЦݣǶĶˡ

ֵܣУЩᣬ׼
ŰɣԺ󣬻õϡ
˵
ЩǴʯģ²⣬ǧʷУֹܳٳɫʦҪȻʯôô
ʯڵʧǵм㣬˵ֵƷԪʯ
л
ֵ̲סЩæл
ҽȥǰߴãֵϣӦЯһЩԪʯȡߡ
һ仰󣬳߽Ħƶ
߽Ħƶǰģһͨͨߵƻһ·ֱǰߣͷĦƶеԪʯ󣬹۲һ󣬳üȻûԵƷԪʯ󣬾ƷԪʯҲ࡭ʮУĩĶ츣أҲˡ
Ԫʯһ䣬ԪΪŨ²⣬Ӧ׵ġ
ڷһ󣬳﷢һӣӺҲ֪ʲôɣ۶޷п󣬻ɰ˲΢֣Žжϡ
ӣֻ棬ż׹似ȻԪʯöƷԪʯٶöƷԪʯ
ôü
תһ룬ȻˣĦƶԪʯ󣬱ȼƿصԪʯҪټϣֵƿĦƶʱ䣬ָжãûʲôƸҲϡ档
ʲôҩ
һߵĵҩ򿪣˱ǣҩʱ¶Цݣû뵽ﻹеӦûüããˡǼֵʮöƷԪʯġ
ｫĶսʯ˳ȥʱʬҲˣѵԪʯһЩҩ˳
˴һкһʧǣҽ˹
ҽܸˣһ࣬ԺĦƶĹܼңÿ£ĦƶӵԪʯҩţ֣ͨǼˣûɣ
ֵˣڳؽɱȡĦƶƿȨ󣬾ͽﾴȻɳĻ
ö꣬Ȼ
ˣ֮ǰĦƶӶʱֲһԼ￴ꡣ
ҽКi¡꣬
ҽмС꣬Ҳ
ҽ꣬Ӣˣ

ĿЩŹ֣֡
ǵãǰʱڣһͽҲǽǸʱһˣֻϧǸǽͷݣӢš
֮ǰ˸ֵ˶ʱں棬ע⵽ˣСȴǳ˺ֵ֮⣬ɱ֮ˣֶμΪһ侳صʵٮٮߡ
Ҫǣͨǡǹͨ
ǹͨͨУΪȥֻ֪ٻǹͨӵߣ֪ĵӵǹͨˡ
꼸ꣿʡ
ҽʮꡣص
ʮ꣬侳ء
츳ǷڹȥļУҲеٮٮˡ
ţҲǶʮꡣ
뵽ǵ׳˶ţӰģ̲סʹһ£ֵܣֻϧŴѣܻ
һ΢Цͷ
iºͼˣĽؿһۣǿǿպãǳ¡
룬¡
Ŀɨڳ֮ˣ˵һ£ӽ𣬺ֵܣΪöڳƺţҲˣӽˣöġ󻤷ա
գ
Ŀһš
ֵܣҲΪܣλ¶ֻ˸˧ͣȡôš
ڶ£öյ֮£ǼֵܱȽо飬һ£ʱնٵӺʣȻ¾ͽȥ죬ˣΪף𣿡
￴iºͼС
ǣiºͼæͷ
лءм
ΪյӣֻһҪȱģ𣿡˵
סͷ
Ըȥ󣬳˹ȥӵķ䣬΢ʯϣĥ
硭
գɵ֣ͨＸȫʩΪ΢Ƶķ񣬷֮Ƶٶȣѵצصķ
һ̣ɵͨӳʱоɵͨһַ֮ƣ֮ƣ似αسķ֮ƣͬԣƫڹ
αسķ֮ƣƫٶȡ
ƣȻǲ
̲סп뵽ʱĽǣֵЦݡ
뿪Ԫ֮䣬ｫе˸Уȫйеķɵͨϣһľľ񣬵ľ񣬶ԳԣǶԵƵǰЩӣڽƣ΢硣
΢ƣףֻҪԼΪպͻƵ侳ֻʱ⡣
αسķ֮ƣҲһȴԶ絶ơ
Ϊ似̺ķ֮ƣ̤΢磬⣬ʱֵ֣ܶѵצķ˲ӣϷ֮ƣܿ쵽£˺˵ߣ˶ˡ
ֻг֪ڵʩչٶȣ֮󣬾ͻľڵ
ʱΪѡ
ĥ˰죬﷢֣һ˿УȻ޴棬ҡҡͷҲ˷ʱ䣬ȡһöԪ£˫ۣʼ
ûãͨƬֱ̣𣬳˫ۣЦ
ԪҲþͨʱǿһЩãȴԶ߲ͨ⣬һһ߲ͨİԪҩЧ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
﷢֣ԪԼԣȫǼߣûκá


120 Ԭ
ʮһϢܿʹ
Ħƶֵƿ֮ٴܶ˶棬Ħƶ¶ʲôˣ
ܿ죬һϢһĦƶʮе׵öйأյϢˣȻǲš
öĵϸ˲֪Ϊʮˣ᲻֪
ȻĦƶȥ̽ãͷ֣öȻڣ𾪵ǣֵܣǶˣǳΪĦƶĻ
Ħƶ¶ɺֵܰյʵʵģһʱ䣬Ħƶ¶еޱȡ
շֵܣ˭ȻΪĦƶ¶侳ɣңֹܻܿ侳һô򵥡
Ͼֵܼˣǵ£ûһӳȥҲҪһֶεġ
һʱ䣬Ħƶ¶ԽԽأĦƶǰļĶ̲סɵ룬Ħƶ¶᲻ҲҪȡ֮
ԽأԽ˼ɵ
֮Ħƶӭһ֮ͣһʮӣһվڶڵĺֵܣһϳˣųϣԬ
ԬȻʶֵܣֵܣԬ˵ԼҶģҲҵӭ˽ȥ
ߣļӣԽԽˣŵģҵ
ۿһͷӽȥĦƶûʲôֻʣĸͷӣվһԣԬüͷ𣬵ͺһΪ
ֵԣĿЩŹ֣˵ԬϣǼˡ
ԬĿһĦƶˣôûأֱ֮
ЦˣԬϣ˵ĶϻˣѾǸɵˣĴ硢磬ȫˣĦƶѾֵܵˡ
Ԭһոճأڵ˵мţˣȴû뵽żչĦƶˣֵҲˣʣҲɱˣ
ٺ٣Ҷɱˡ
һЦ
ԬɫأףȻʵôҲ侳һͣ˼ߣʵ
ɱ֮ˣҲһε侳ߡ
˭ˣ
ʱ䣬侳ΪȹճأײϹĺ壬ûȺ忪ڣڸ˭˵˳
һʱ䣬Ŀ⣬İϣˣҲڿ
λڵԬϡܵ
ڣ
һ΢΢һЦԭԬϡ
ԬĿ⳹סˣĦƶµĶһ׾ٸӦ˶ԷΪ侳ء
ߣӸղ˵󻰣侳أɱף
Ԭﲻм϶ղںŪ
֪γƺ
Ԭϣ֮̽
̤ǰһ΢˲佫Ԭ˺ѣԬϣһˡ
΢ƣ
Ԭͫһû뵽ʮˣ侳Ϊ΢֮ơ
츳һһˣ硣
ǰʮ꣬Ŵո¶ͷǣһ侳Ϊ֮ƣȴδ΢
΢֮ƣʮһʱ侳Ϊ򣬺ʮ̤꣬侳
ԭǳ
Ԭ¶ЦݣĿ˸ż⣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ԭϣȴ֪£ʡ
ԬһЦʵҲûʲô£֮ǰԼҽշųأǲ֪Ħƶʲô鷳֡
ԬϹǫˣڳϣ㵽Ħƶ԰
Ц
˵ˣҾȸˡԬ˵һ뿪ˡ
Ԭ뿪󣬳ĿܾãԬЩ⣬ƤЦⲻЦĿҲЩԣʱͺڿ
󡣡￴
ʲôԸһ
ղǸԬ֪ĵϸʡ
֪һЩԬųϣ侳ߣһʦĿЩŹ֡
ʦЩȡ
ʦǼΪѵõģû뵽ڳԬȻһʦ
ԬνʦʵֻԼҲֻƵɢɢ֮ĵҩڵʦУƽʱֻܽЩҩֵܣֵܷʧǵĵҩ̣һԵĺм
ݸԭһʦ
Ԭ뿪Ħƶ󣬾Ϳʼǧټƴ
Ԭ˵УųϵͷΣֻ֪ųϣ֮ڣһЩŵӣƽʱô
һЩɫĵӣǸҳײŭԡ
еŵӣһĴڣǳֽɱˣҲ
ʮ꣬侳أ˵һЩɢɢļֵټʲô㲻ϡ
ǰʧǣͽֵеǸĸɱˣ
ɱһ죬պҵ죬ûֱӳ֣ǼɵݣӦȷϣǲڵӡ
û뵽ǰʮе׵ö֮ˣĦƶȫռĦƶ

˰ʱ䣬ԬڽԼʧǣ£һһˡ
ʱĿ֮˵ֻһ侳ûǿͬǣνɱģ
һ㣬Ԭ˰죬ûͨ
ܾãУ϶ʲôĿǰ֪ģȻ΢ƣȻΪ侹һߵףͬ΢磬ţ侳Ϊĳɱס
Ԭ츳Ȼһ㣬ͷȴΪȻҲųϵλá
գһۼʱһ뷨뷨ʵ֣ţеĵλת䣬ʱЩӲųϡŵӣҪ
£ôӳµˡ
Ԭٴ뿪ڡ
ʧǣƫƧУ걻ƵǽǣԬϣ㡭ʲô
оԼ浹ù͚i˵ʧյӣֿ󣬾ųԬץˣԬȥҲΣҲϵá
Ȼ˵ԬûʲôλҲǵġ
㣬ף˭ɱģ
Ԭʡ
ףһȥ˵ģԬֵܵϵɫףԬϣңҰ
֪㣬ԬмЦ
Ƭ֮󣬴Ӽп˳˴𰸵Ԭ뿪ˣԭǸߣûǿ֮ͬǰĹ˼ɣǶġ
Ԭ뿪ֻʣ¼еʬ壬ɵ۾


121 ͼı
ˡ
￴͚i̧ʬ壬üͷ
ʲôˣҪɱУ
ʮʲôˣʡ
û˵ҡͷһֱؼӦò˲ŶԣҲ֪˭ɱ
úð˰ɡ
ǣ
͚i̧żеʬ壬˳ȥ
˸뿪Ħƶã⣬ˬʵЦһӰ߽ĦƶԬˡ
Ԭϡ
Ԭͷ֣иԬ֮䣬ѵʲôϵ
ǰԬһμ棬ԬһĿ⣬óʼվЩԣ϶Ԭͼıֻǣ¹ȥԬ£Ҫˡ
ɷһ˵Ԭ˫Ц滢
ĦƶֵܣˣԬʲôֱ˵ɡ˵
һԵĺֵܣĻ¶ָж
Ҿֱ˵ˡԬͷ΢΢һЦû´Ӧòīʯ۹˰ɣ
ͷףԬô˵϶ǲˡ
ȴ֪ڣοԬʡ
ڣīʯ۹ţռԪʯӵ޾Դ֮Уǿƣīʯ۹ν¡˵
ڣͦ˽ġ
Ԭ΢Цӣȴ֪㣬ûȤڣ
һҲûֱӾܾ֪Ԭĺ«ʲôҩԬϣ˼˵˼
ԬЦȻҵ˼ڣΪīʯ۹ĶţӵһһԴ츳ո¶ͷǣܵõص࣬պ󣬾ǳڵһһˣҲǲܡ
һһˣ
˫һ
ԣڵɫĵӣҹյǳʶĿʮ꣬һΪ̤侳ءԬͷ
ʮ꣬侳أ
һ𣬾źϻһһˣʮ꣬Ҳ侳ء
Ȼʧɫ
īʯ۹ŵĵӣ̲סп
ԬϣЦʡ
⣬ɳΪԬ״ӣҾټţ󣬱һһȵŴȣʱո¶ͷǣţܵŸ߲ĹעõõԴ
Ԭһϲû뵽˳ı̬ȻȤΪڵӡ
ΪԬ״ӣ
ЦˣԬϣãʺҵʦ𣿡
ʮ꣬侳أ΢ƣžޡ
Ԭʮ꣬侳أڲųϡ
Ԭһͣû뵽˵ֱӣ棬кһţǼЦݣ֮䣬ֻǹҸ֣һжΪ˾ټڣؽ档
ô˵ԬΪҺãʡ
Ԭͷ
һЦ˫𣺡Ԭϣãҵ츳Ҫڣλϻ᲻Ըټң
ԬһҳϣΪҵ״ӣҾټڣһЩ˽ġ㿪ҪΣԸҾټڣԬ顣

ЦˣԬϣܸʲôԪʯҩǹ似
ԬϣذɣûаڵĴ㣬ԺҲСͿͣ
ڣ֪ԬƣԭҪ壬һˣһųϣΪĻ۲֣õڸ߲Ŀغͽ
˵ΪڵӣУҲԬ˾ټ
£ϵһ࣬׾Ͳ³ˡ
ԬϣذɡһԬ
ԬɫһϣϢϯ·Ħƶ¶ȶ½˼֣ˣң
ﵭһЦԬϣγԣ
ԸΪҵ״ӣڣգĦƶûܻԬУâ˸
ĲУӲģ
Ŀ⣬Ԭϣڿ׳գԬϣûëɣ
˻˻˻
Ԭ˵ҪĦƶֵɫһ䣬ԬȻֻǲųϣɶĦƶԣȻ˵Ԭë̲סһ
Ҳ̫뺷˰ɣ
ԬôҲ侳ߣ֮ǰɱ׻Ҫǿ
ң֮ǰɱףҲǾı״⣬ܽɱ
Ԭϣǵصֶ䡣
ԬգѡĦƶֻǣĦƶҲûúûˡ
ϣ쵶𣬽Ԭ˺ʮ֦ͬ˽ڶû˻˵лڵ˴ʮƽ⣬ƽ֮˵³㲻᲻֪ɣʱ򣬾ڣ¶ᱣ㣬Ͼڶԣпޡ
ʮ֮£ڵ˲֡
ǵʮڵĹ涨˴ƽ⣬ʮϳ֣ɱƽ֮ˡ
ǧ귢չʮ˿ڡ
ΣգֻҪĦƶһӳ˭֪ԬĦƶԬЦϵƸʢ
ֵУ֮ϣǣĿĮضԬʱ׼֡
۳һȻԬΪɱĦƶ֮£Ҳ֪û֣Ħƶˣ˼𣿸㣬֮ǰҾȥ֪ͨ춴ˣĦƶ£ֻҪʮģͱȻ㣬Ԭųģ
춴
Ԭɫһ䣬㹻ݣ
˵ﾹµɱĦƶӣԳⷬûκλɡ
֮£սᣬǲܶĦƶʮˣزɱǣеĴ
ԬŭЦЦУȥ
Ԭɱģǵ£Ԭ
Ԭȥ֮󣬳ɫһ
УǸ
ֵܷŭѣĦƶӵдϢȥǰеһЩᴹе
ĦƶԣһΣ
Ԭļƣ׼Ϣȥ
Ԭ
Ŀͬʱֵܣ˵Ǽ˵Ƚұܣа취ǲ˷֡
Ԭ뿪Ħƶ󣬾һȥʮ˶ħ
ۿħڲԶԬͣסŲëȻΧͺȣ˭
뺦ˣ
ᶯŮԬߴһ̣ԬΧƾճִܼηС
мΪ££֮£Ԭͨͱʳ⡣
ƮİɫӰڸ߿֮ϣһ


122 ִϡѪ
Ԭȥ󣬳ｫֵܵսʯ䡣
ʯָϿκζߡ
ңһҲΪӵָָΪ󣬾һ侳߽ǿ߶ûС
ԣʯٰȫκ˶޷֡
ʱۣ׾Թ϶
һµʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥһûзʲô仯һʯ䣬ԬϢ͸¶֮ˣֵǣһԬ뿪󣬾ȻҲûκζˡ
ͺԬ伣һ㣬ΪŹ֡
ô£
Щ⣬ֻԬΣԬΪˣó覴ñرСˣɲԬ󷢴ȱܾãп϶ʲô֪¡

ʱĦƶ⣬˦һ⣬Ҵææ˽
ţ
ִϽʮħǱȥˣҲȥ֣˫۷˵
ִϣ
һ֪ƽʱʮнģҲֻÿȡԪʯڵӣִϽʮеĵħʲô
ô£ɻ
Ҳ֪Ϳ˶ħǱȥˣҲ֪ħôڣִ϶Խˡ
ߣȥ
úֵܿңź뿪Ħƶ
кָ·ܿ˵ħ⣬񣬵ħΧˣԶʮ֮ˡ
ʱ˿ŵħǰĿյָָ㣬￿һŷصʬ壬䣬ûһʬġ
Щǵħˣ
ﻹɻΧʹĶУ
ħǴ󵨣ڵ˶ɱȻֻһųϣɺôڵˡ
Ҳ֪ڵųϣôǵħˣ嶼ʳ⡣
ħҲţɱ˾ɱ˰ɣҲɾºˣһʱ䣬ͱڷˣִ϶Խ١ղųλִ֮׵ĽޡѪһΪ˵̤侳ء
ѹ֣ղֻּͽħȫɱˣħˣڱ粵ĻᶼûС

ųϣħɱˣ
ĿЩŹ֣ɱųϣԬɣ
ʱһߴʲôɱųϣԬ
ͷ֪ˣȥ˵
ĦƶУ˵ԬħɱˣֵܶЦˣһ˵Ԭúá
㲻𣿡ֳڳ˼̲סʡ
ˣȻˡֻǣҾе㲻ԡĿ⸴ӣЩ£벻ͨ
ôԣֵܶ
˵ֵܣǽԬɱˣὫ嶪ſ𣿡ʡ
Ȼᣬ𣿡ֵܶҡͷ
ʲôЦ
ԬٲãҲڵˣɲ˵ɱɱģɱˣҲôɾڷ֣ҪȻ֣֮ħ֮ˡ
ħôҲʮеĵʮ˶˵ܴɱԬֽԬʬ嶪Լſڡ
ǵħ⣬ûá
ɡ
̫Ѩﲻٶ룬ĿǰĦƶԣһ
ħζţħĶǰһĦƶҲٴΰңᵽʮ˶ȥĦƶʮˡ
ʮ˶ĦƶãʯҲĦƶ
˵ħ𣬳ȫĶ
⣬ԬҲˣһǰģҲ˵ʱԬ뿪Ħƶ󣬾ͱɱˣ˵Ӧȥħͨ籨ŵģôͱɱˣ
˳С
ԼһԼ̫ŵĴ𰸣Ҳȥ£׼ҡ
˱չصңóﾪϲǣһΪȻ̤侳⡣
Ħƶǰĵʮ˶ΪĦƶ˵ʱ򣬷ȥ¥գˣǻ졣
µˣ͚iһµæµֶˣͳʧǲҵ£ǽ˚iµֵܣǴڶػǹȥöΪûʲô
ңʱ䶼ڱչأԪҡ
Ҳڶʱ̤侳ԭ
ңʼǳεˣ˻ңޱܰңΪҿ
ҪΪұۡ
һΣħĸҲ˾ӡ
ִϽ٣ֻΪԬڵħ⣬϶ǵħ֮Ϊǿƽħɱʼգûħ˷Ļᡣ
ڣ̫ǿˣ˵ɱɱ
ˣˣ쵤󣬵
һ֮ǰԼ쵤һöԼʱ䣬˰ˡ
ֵ˵һֻһˣ뿪
ٴʧǣﾶֱȥ쵤
쵤СӭԻϵóִ󷽵ĳˣˡ
Ҷĵڰɣʡ
ڵģȥȡС˵ͷȥȡ˵
򿪵ҩУȷǵɣ︶öƷԪʯ
͹ٻʲôҪ𣿡Сʡ
ţöԪ
ͷȻˣ˳ЩԪȥֵܡ͚iµˣʱԪٶȱܵõѸЩˣԺУҪúࡣ
öСסˡ
öԪļֵסöԪҲöƷԪʯеֵһ룬С֡
ȵǣһöԪʮǰеһЩû˭ô
ôû𣿡ʡ
УССæ˵ȥȡöԪôԪװڵҩƿҲװ˼ʮƿóﻳĹĵģСǰҲ㱩¶ʯ䡣
ųȥСüڳԽԽˡ
ʮˣˬ죬ôԪʲôͷ
ڣִ
콣һϮɫ۵Ӱ·һѪ棬ǰ֮ˣĮڣ£
Ѫŵ˵һǰԬ֮ǰĲһˣԬûô򵥣ħˣֻ
˵һˣҲڵִϡ
һĳӣûκϧ𣬡ɱˣ
ǡ˵ͷ
ߣ鷳˵ɣǸ˭Ѫʣڴɱħ֮ˣ·ûκλ⣬Ͳ֪ʲôǺڡ
Ħƶ
¶ɫһȤСһ
䣡
ƳѪɫӰճûãٴʧ
һһû˵ء
˿ЦΪΡ


123 ֮
ճ쵤󣬳ͷ֣Լ˶ˡ
Ҳǣ쵤ʱпһһģڸ߱˲ٵҩ˼⣬Ҳϡ档
ɨֻ侳ߣҲ⣬뿪ʧǡ
һ·ϣҲƽ伣һ㡣
Ϊ˱ûеʮƿ鵤Žʯ䣬ʵ֤ǶԵġ
岻ãͷӰһɽ磬ɨ﷢֣ˣʧǶˡ
񣬳֮⣬ˣ˵Ϊ￴͸ֻһܣ˵Ϊȳߡ
Ȼ޷͸ΪЯƶԱϳ˵ƣδ΢Ҳ˵˲侳ߣ侳ߣﲻ塣

£ΧסһʧǾͶϳˣ˵
ˣһˣһˣųĿ
ԣЩˣʮ֮ˡ
λסңȴ֪Ϊ£˫𣬵ʵݼƵᣬ·ûʶΣ
侳߶ѣɱˣ
ûΪ׵˵ͺһǣȭƾˣֱӳͷ֮ϣͨӰ۳ͣ侳ߣȫʩΪڡ
ˣ˳ʱҲˣΪ׵һˣгǹһ𣬳
ǹ֮ϣۣⳤǹһ
ڷһѪµӰһǸӦʲôͻȻڸ߿նסΣ·Ŀ΢ᣬһΪ̤侳أ츳ڳʮ֮ˣ
ţ
ͻȻѪͫף΢һ
츳ѵ˶ˣ֣˲䣬ͨδƥĵƣȫʩΪ侳ߡ侳ߣƬ֮󣬾ͳꡣ
һ侳ߣǹƾ裬Ҳδܻ¡
΢ƣ
߿֮ϣѪ˾첻ѣУãƳ뻯˲һƣȤ似ȤˣѪסˡ
Ѫƿգʧ֮У·ûгֹһ㡣
ߣʵҲѧɱӻǹʺ
ʬϵԪʯߣȡеǹĿĮֱȥ·ղŷһУ޹ء
Գڰ벽侳صΪټ΢ƣѵצ֮ƣ㲻ͨ侳֮£ҲǺ֣ʮ֮ˣҪıƺת۹򣬾Ͷ˳
Ȼ侳ߣֻ侳һأԣȫʩΪҲǶ֡
侳ȫµ磬Ŀ£Զͬն
뿪ãһż·֮أʬ壬һɫǴ䡣

֮ˣ󾪣һεĿֻһ侳
ΪΣȫû
϶
ɫϿµŰȻȥˣûʲôѪԵϵô꣬ûҲп͡
һˣǱ̤侳֮ǰձһ
ˣҲˡ
飡£鶴ǾߣҲҪҳ֣
֮ˣһ
֪ŭ
鶴
ˣʮʮ鶴ĶװһΪǰ£̤侳ء
ص󣬷Щԣһأ˽ȥʱһɼΪµƣɽ֮УűŰѪȵϢ̺ɱ¾ԵĽƣ
˿µĽƣҪɱˣͣ

һϵӭȥ˺ʱŷ֣һİˣİˣһӣһϮѪɫۣĿ
ֵվһԣҳۿѣλִϣѪϡ
ִϣѪ
һѪ֮һȥħǱ߿ʱ˵ˣħ֮ȫģڵִѪ
ֻǣôҲû뵽Ѫѵʲô
Ѫϡ
ѪִϣɲԬųܱȵģǳҲҪСҵ
˿̣ЩԷ߲ơ
ǳ¶ԭĦƶ
Ѫ˫𣬱浭ȻȴǾޱȡ
ǰˣǸղ·ʱǸ
Ͳʮ꣬һΪ侳أ΢ƣƿأ뻯֮š
һһˣҲй֮޲
ǡͷ
Ѫ˵ͷĿż͡
ۿѪûгֵף˿Ѫ֣ţûһܻ¡
Ѫϣȴ֪ǡ
￴ѪСʡ
Ԭ
ѪɲǣĿ⣬һ·ܴ͸˫ֱ͸ģһ
Ѫ۾·̺޾ħ
Ԭ
ȻԭѪΪԬ¡
Ԭ֮ĽλѪҲ鵽һЩ
ѪϣԬϵ£Ҳǽ֪
￴ѪѪӣףѪ϶ǻԬ֮йأ£޹顣
ΣѪջĿ⣬΢΢ͷһ̧֣Ѫɫֱӳ
һ̣һ뿪Ʈش˳Ķߣ츳Ȥڣƾҡ
ץסѪĶŷ֣һƣͨ죬ΧžµĻƣƿšִ֣ƿšѪ֣ȻһƣѪĳơ
Ҵһ츳
һֽ̾Ѫ
ѪԬ̹ʵö࣬аڵ뷨ῼֻϧû뷨ǼһעǼŵˣ뼫Űһ𣬲š
ղѪԳ˵ĻֵܵûۿѪȥֵܶ˿ˣѪ󣬰İˡ
Ҳò˶٣ղˡ
侳ǿߣվ΢ɢĽƣѹð

ϿգѪˣüôˣ
˹һЦѪȻ˰֮ģҿСһûаڵĴ㣬ղͳƣùˡ
ͺһѪӶˡ
׷ȥѪԬ֮ƺûȷǷйذɣ
Ԭ֮޹أ˵۾ƭˡ
ѪӰûƶˣңң


124 
ִѪоգ˶̲ס˿
쵤õԪȥͱչˣȻ侳֮£ʲô֡
Ҫģ侳гǴ֮ˣһһҡֱϣǰеĶȡ֮õõԴ
ʮľΪҡ
Ȼʱ䣬żչأȴûбء
⼸գյһЩʮʮ鶴Ķɱˣ鶴װʱѾ˼ڲ֡
鶴ɱʱ䣬ﲻݸ
ԭһɱҩˣ鶴ˣ侳ߣ鶴Ķ
飿
鶴ĶһҲģǼ£޶֤˭ỳɵϣ
˵ԪʯԪҲ֪ԪʯԪ߲ͨ⣬ܼܲӿٶȡ
뷨һʰ˷ȡһöƷԪʯʼ
֣߲ͨ⣬ܼӿԪʯԪٶȣ
һöƷԪʯƽʱʱоͨһʱƷԪʯԪͱմƷԪʯ֮Ϊ˷ĩó־ϲ
ѹ֣߶׷ԪʯԪʯȷʵԪˡ
˫۷ԪʯԼԪ˲һ㡣
￪ʼء
µأķ˶ʮöƷԪʯʮöƷԪʯɾԪʯ£ȥϽڵģҲֻʣôһ㡣
ķԪʯٶȣԪʯȡٶȳƽʯڻдԪʯôġ
оͨӿԪʯٶȣԪʯٶȣڱһ侳߻Ҫ졣
ͻˣԪʯЧȷʵ
µʱ䣬̤侳أһٴͨ۳Ա侳ߵ
óﾪϲǣֻͻˣֵеĺҲͻˣ
ͻƵ侳һأ
ڳ˵һ侳ߡ
󣬹ϲԺϲ
˭֪Ŀ֮£ڳǰصؿһͷ
ʲôü󣬸ʲô

ķϣȫ֮ɫǰʱָ㰳йصƵһЩ⣬Ҳڶʱ΢ơͻƣǶĹͣ󣬻аĸֵܣⱲӾ͸Ŷˣϵɽ»𺣣Ǿһüͷ
ֵܣҲ˺ߣһ档
ǡ
ҡͷһ֪̾Ӯ˺ֵܷĵأɣұ֤ǸңԺ󣬾ڡ
壬Ҳͻˣ
﷢֣ҾȻҲͻˣͻƵ侳ء
ҺһЦүԪԪʯ
ЦСҲͻˡ
Ҳͻˣ
һЦһۿʱ֪ǿ֮ţֻҪᣬߵøԶأôû
˵Сӣ֪ͻƵ侳ֺ͚iһȥµˣ˵Ҫ֪ͻˣ϶ٸڴǰ׼ȥˡ
Ƕҡ
ҡҡͷ̲סһ̾ǰǸ²ɵȴıµı˫ȫǰʱرչˣȷʵֵĺӡ
׼׼ǻҪˡ
˫һ˵
˫۷ͻƵ侳û֣ͣ˵лչ֣˷ܲѣεĿ꣬ǵʮ߶㻪
ǣһεĿ꣬鶴
鶴
˵һεĿ꣬Ȼ鶴ʱЩˣȻ鶴Ķǰʱ䶼ɱˣɱϾһװڣװ˵ǰͻƵ侳ˡ
ôˣһЦ
ҡͷһ棬£ֻҪǶľ϶еģţ϶ðȥ
ԣָģǴġ
ֵܣ׷׵ͷͬǴĻ
һγأһΪ̤侳أԭǴӣµʮ߶㻪
֪ͻƵ侳󣬾ͽĿĳ˵ʮ鶴
鶴װ侳أǰš
ڳ￴ֻҪܸɵװ鶴ˣֻں֮ڣǰ鶴Ķͱɱˣʱڣ鶴϶ղ侳صĵӡ
ɣǡ
ȣȣȣ

УϣǧѪڲ졣
һ·˼ȦӰѪ֮ϣ̤У
һʱ䣬ǧѪֹͣ˶׷һͷҰ׳ʱԵĲӣĹͳˣ
Ѫͳ죬Ψһͳ죬죡
ǧѪǧˣģ˫Ŀᣬ˭뵽緢ǹ죬ôһգһΪϣ񼲲ִһΣͳ˾޷
Ȼǹ죬ֻһͨˣһΪ侳أѪнʿ죬𾴵ͳˣǹ죡
һ㣬Զı䡣
ϻһۣȥϻڵĸѪˣٴ
κ֪£ᾴúѪǧʿǺú
ѪϣǰǧѪ԰׵ϣѵøֳЦݡ
ͺһΪʧԣ㲻ʲô
ףôֳȥˣҲǸ˵ˣ廹ûãҪٳš
췿ûٻﻹ֪ĸУȥˣѪüΪá
û£׵壬Ӳءȿȡ
컰û˵꣬ͿһںϻڣϻڼϼһΧһΪʧϣҲһЩˡ
㿴㣬ֿˣطϢ
ٻϽ˷˯ȥ뿪
뿪֮ٻ˫գ̲סᡣ
ϻһۣѪսٽʿϻŵӼ¾һգֱӰ쵽ϻڵĸȻϻ潵٣סѪˣһսѪﻹʤˣһ
ΣѪﳤֱ룬һɱ˸췭ظ
һۺĸ׽һһΪȴûˡ
֪һΪϺױûʲô仯ܸоʹʮɾ͵һΪ˵ûûˣǬ½ûִܳ
֪ĸףΪеϣѪϣĶѪˡ
ġ֪𣿸ôƴΪгһգܽһ֧ǿľӣΪŸš
ٻһ̾ᣬֹס
ˡ


125 Χɱװ
鶴⣬鶴ڶڣ·Ȼ
ͻȻһಲǷĹͷӣǰ鶴Ӿ
Ǳţղţ鶴ӣöƷԪʯ룬᲻鶴ӵġ
ͷӴӿ㶵óһӣһöӨ͸ƷԪʯС
һĻ鶴̲ס¶̰֮ɫ
ǺЩ˷ܣѵǵģͷӽƷԪʯװشӣȥϼЦݣ޺
ǵġ
鶴æ˵ǶΪɵˣԪʯȻĽ
ԭǵģǰǡ
ӽװԪʯĴӵݹ鶴϶ҪЦ־׼ӹȥ
ǵĿ⣬ȫԪʯϣû֣һС۾͸¶
һɣԪʯ˵ϣöӣһʱǶȥ
ˣ
ʣ۵£һͽ鶴ӵԴ£Ȼء
һĻ鶴Լ͵ӵĵǰ
Զ̤
壬û뵽һⷨӡû뵽⿴ƺĺ壬Ĺӡ
źֵܺʱԼ֣Ϣ鶴ŵӸɵٴǱ鶴ɱ鶴һֲ
˭֪ӧտʼﻹ治ţ侳Ϊڲ鶴˵ǰ£Ϣɱ侳鶴ӡ
ٺ١ЦЩ⣬Ϸ⽫С۾סҲѧģɱףǳ䲻𣿡
һѧÿ졣Ц
ˣ̲סһЦ
ȥʱûбҪҪֳ󶯾
ԸȥһͷǱ鶴
鶴ӣڱչأһЩصģϢͱＸ˸ɵˣһЩӦ鶴ӣֻüۣûüˣͱֵܵĵǹɱˡ
һ鶴ĵӣ˴롣
ʲôˣ
ڳＸ׼ʣµ鶴Ӷɱʱ鶴ͷһŭһˣ̤ڡ
ϧ
ͺֵܣһ𣬳ﰵ̾һû뵽鶴Ķװôͷǡ
侳ߡ
ʣµļ鶴ӣѣ׷ӳվ˿װ
װɫɨ֣鶴ʮӣֻʣˣڣ鶴ֻʣˡ
ʲôˣ
װͳĿƣںϣＸˣֻк侳һߣܱ
ʱһ鶴ӣϳ˺ֵܣװӦˡӣǰʮе׵ö׷һ¶ɱֵܣʮŶĦƶһΣħѪϸӦ˵ʮ˶
ֵܱ֮£װȥţٴɨＸˣ֣˺֮⣬侳ߡ
ĶӦû
ˣҪ֪ôࡣһЦ
Բѣƾǣ
װŭЦȻɵλضɽ֮£ԲճҲԴ֮ˡ
װһĶһϮ޷ԶͷͨӰ۳ͣһֻ쵾޻Ŀ⣬ܿ˺ļˣֻкܶвˣ
ɱ
󱩺һͨҲֳ޺һؿë֣һ˻һ磬װ
Ű۳ɿµĵâХ䣬΢֡
ĵƣƫڡһ£𶯣һ˺ˮƽ档
ֵͬʱͺֵҲˡ
ֵУâɢµ͸նɱûƾ鶴ӣֱɱһ򵥣һ棬鶴Ӿ͵
ಣ
ǹͨǹУһǹͬΪ侳ߣ鶴ǰԵһǹ塣

ʩչ޺һһǵĿװÿһ£˼ǣɢĿѪ
ִ֮䣬װ鶴ӣ¾һգ
ע⵽֮бȫ
鶴Ķô
鶴ȥҲֻ
һǰ鶴ǰɱǼʧˡ
ʱ䣬׷֣ҲǴ˽Ǽһ뷨
ţͻȻװĿ⣬гǹ֮ϣһ
ǹǵ
鶴Ķɱģգһˣ
װϣϢŰ趯磬µǺ󣬶Խ
ϣһȣ·´ָ
ͺֵܣͨϺ֣֮ϣǣϺĿ¶׹⣬ȫʩΪ·ڶ⣬Ҫ鶴װɱ
˲ͣЪÿװңͨ
ֻ侳أΪǡ
ͨӵߣֻһ侳ʱװ˿
ݣ
ϣۣһſװӳƥ΢ƣչֳķ绪

װг͵һ𣬽ͺֵ𿪣˲䰵޹⣬ͨɢͨɣʱûս֮侳ߵʵչ֣
΢ƣ
侳ߣʩչ΢ƣ׾ƿĹʱװϣڸֳּɵ
֮ĳϣ˲㣬µÿΪ֮ȫһն˿װе˲㿰侳ıŰһ֮𣬺Ȼը
Ϳװгͬʱɡ

װʹòҽһųƣֱӱ飬ֻ²бۡ
û뵽侳ߣֻ΢ƣ˿µֶΣһϵȫ侳Ľޣܲв
ҪǣԷ֮ͨϢѹͨ
ͨΪֶͨͨͨѹơ
ҲùɣצϣѪɫƬ˺ѣҲˣѪֱ
Уװһֳֻĳų¡
˲ڳһαس֣֮
ɲǼ䣬ʧԭأ㿪˿װһƣڿװ˫һţ˲˫֮ϣ͵£װס
󣡡
ҧȡ
ܸоװµ·ʱܽ𿪡


126 侳
ĵ嫡
һ£ǣڿװѿ˲䣬װ룬أѪ绨˳һ
ۿװɱ˿
װһ鶴
Ϊ鶴µĶ
̶£ö֮ˣĦƶǿ鶴Ϣһʱ䣬ٴξʮ
ȥʮУ䲻ǰȡ֮ӣɶʱڽӶôģǲࡣ
鶴ǰװ侳ߣɣ˵ʯ
鶴µĶʮ֮УأһγΪʮŻ⡣
Ӻ֪ЩֻһЦ⡣
Ϊֻ֪һʼ
鶴һּٶȷչš
һеıԪʯӦ
Һãʯ棬дԪʯǻܹӦһʱ䣬ֲеĿȱ
ʵ˵鶴ˣҲࡣ
˳ҡiºͺֵܣҲֻʮӣѭ´󾫣ࡣ
Ԫʯ֮ô죬ΪҡͺֵԪǱһ֪ۺ죬ݳޡܼҡ
˵Ϊ˷չ鶴мǻȥˣ֪ʲôнʡ
ȻһУҲûлرġ
ǰʱ䣬ֵˣһһ̤侳
ֵܣ츳ͨͬĹ似һһ̤侳ޱİ£ĸֵܣȺ΢ƣڴԪԪʯİ£̤侳
һΪҲ侳һصƿͻƵ侳أֻʱ⡣
Ϊǿ̤侳أúֵ̲סпȥöǵûǶʶ顣
ңҲ̤侳ء
Ԫİ츳ǷȱȫֲⱾǿߵĺ˲еĸ˵ܣжԶΪ
侳ߣ鶴СѾݲˡ
ħ
Ŀҡiµ˿ңźֵܺʮʮ˶ħ
ħ˸ǰִѪǼ£ʮ
ħ֮ˣǹȥʮŶ֮ˣλһ侳أһ侳أĸ侳һء
֮£ʮӣۿ鶴֮ڣ侳ЩħӣվһԣҶ侳ߣȥҲ
侳սֻվһ޴Ӳ֡
֮أңûˣʲôûˡ
ǶȻûǿҵħ
ħ侳صĴڣųＸˣɫһϷ·ܵ˼̤
鶴ĶѲɾãԼʸ
λǰҶ
һͺһ˳
һʱ䣬ħ֮˵Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
ֻжʮҵˣ鶴λصĶ
ʮɨüͷһ壬ͺһʱ󲿷ֵħӣѪӿ
ʮң侳أ
ħλ̲סһǺε츳
ʮУܳʵڲ˼顣
Ȼ츳ˣõħ֮鶴ܼԦ侳ߵĴڣԲܡ
ħЦһҳϣ츳ߣ˵鶴浱С
鶴д侳һأ侳أ뽫ҵħȡ֮ЦЦ
ħͷЦſޱȡ
ħλħӣ̲סЦˡ
ݣ
է֣Ѫڣ˲䣬쵽µĶâڳ̧֮ʱӶ쵽¡
꣡
ѪĽ
ɲǼ䣬ͷЦĵħ϶һѪЦȻֹ
ѪȻӿˣȻء
֮ʱħϣɼЦֻǣϵЦݣȴǰ̡
ݣ
ڵħΪ֮ʱһâӳħ侳ߣi˴ĺ󳾣Ѫӿأ
ת۹򣬵ħɡ
ħˣ׷ɫ䣬ֵؿųʱû˸Сˣָ֮䣬ɱǵħǿ
ʼգǶûԷγֵġ
ֶΣһʮҵʩչ죡
鶴
ħ֮̲ס뷨
ʣµģɱˣĮޱȡ
ɱ
ֵܺˣ绢Ⱥ֮ħûһֵܵһ߾ʬ嵹¡
ŵĵħӣ׷ɢӴܣҵֵǿλˣֻ·һ
ǿΪħֵá
ǵħλ侳һصĶһۺҲĬͬķӡ
Ī׷
֣úֵܺ¡
ʱҲվȣ˫һڵأڴĿ飬Ҫʹȥ

ֵܺ󾪣æ˵ħ
û°ɣ
ʣͺֵܣһǡ
û£Щѣָ¾ͺˡҡͷ
ڵϾûͻƵ侳Σ֮ڵɱ䵽һ룬ֻǰ
ղţʩչɵͨɱħľڴİɱħڽʣİĴ
ȻգɱħҪģǳ䲻⡣
Էû׼׼ܵ֡
ɵͨǰͨνľǳ䲻⣬һ
侳ߣ壬Ҳܸȣһֽ
գֶξȫʩΪɵͨٶȣǿڵħӦ֮ǰɱ
Ҳǵħ̫ſ񣬾ȻڳǰͷЦﴴᣬ˵ԼԼ˾·
ڵĿ飬亹ֱͺֵ˳ȥ󣬾֣ͨȡԪʯ̰
ŨԪӿ˰ѣĸоȥ԰׵ɫҲָ˼֡
һֱУ·ȴʱ䣬ڵİ³ӯ
ڰҪ׳ʱ䶸
﷢֣Լһӣ·۳ͣܿ죬ѿɱʼͬڵİ
ڣڵаɱ
侳
ǳҲû뵽һڰľøָʱ̤侳
ˮɡ
֮ǰİ벽侳һ侳ߵİ벽侳ͬߣһ㶼ǿ΢֮ƵϣһɱıԵֻҪ΢֮ƣͿ˳ˮ۵ͻơ
ͬ
ĵƣ΢ģֻɱ䣬ԴɱɰʼղһͻƵ侳
û뵽һƶɹ
һΪʽ̤侳


127 «׹
̤侳󣬳ķɵͨͨûзκα仯
ѪͨǷ˼ɱ䣬׻֮壬ڡԡԣȻ޴档
֮ħ嶥ը
ʯУѪͨ壬ÿһζΪ֮һ𣬵޾
һţںʮ
ϿգһӰ
ղŵ
Ӧǡû뵽ʮͨӵߡ
Ҳ֪һˡ

Ѫͨ壬ƶһУȻǲ֪
Ѫͨ壬վ֮Χ˱ըһȭһǿ֮壬ȫˡ
Ѫͨɱ䣬ʹ֮Ҳ˱仯Ȼ̺Զȥ
ǿһ
У¶ϲ֮ɫ
һΪ̤侳Ѫͨɱ䣬ʵõʱ
󣡡
԰֮粽ֵܶеһ𣬡ˣһϣ
㡭ͻˣ
ħĶҲˣɨͷֳ̤侳һء
΢Цͷ
ֵܵ˫С۾żְԹûͻƵ侳ǰ侳ɱͻˣҰд裬۸𣿡
ǣɲ뱻һ
ɲɵɡ
Ƕ㲻õڶͨ

ദˣҲ֪ǵɱֵܵϴףǰɱħʩչĵڶͨ䲻⣬һ
ĵڶͨϲ⣬ǣҲ֪ĵڶͨʲôͨ
ÿʣһЦǸɴ಻ٶʣ֪Ƕĵơ
ģҲõڶͨǡ
ҡͷһЦӣ˭ǳԲÿ
ģֵ˫۷
һƭǲɣ
Ц
ܿ죬ֵܾͺˡ
ڳҪ£ȫʩΪһģһֳͨʩչ޺һһǣ֮С
΢֣۵ĵ⣬£·Ҫ˺

ﶯˣû۳һ֮ϣ֮𣬰˲һϳİ֮壬͵һ𣬿֮𶯡
ƥĵƣ˺ֵܵĵƣ
𣬰˲һȻը
ֵеɣǱ˼󣬾Ծֵؿ
õڶͨһ棬ֵ֣
ֵܣ̲סֹ
ǿսųĿơ
ֱ֮𣡡
̲ס̾ʵ㲻÷ɵͨǰ鶴װ侳صĴڣҲаսɱ
ǰħ侳صĴڣԷ裬ƾɵͨҲаսɱ
㿴𣿡
̧֣ϵʯ䣬Ŀţò˶ãҾʵҵѪħźͺϻǷǼŵծһһһֻһǵοϡǵ֮飡
һգԶ
ʧǡ
ͺ˴Ԫ뿪쵤СЦݣ˳ȥ
ۿȥС˫ԭǵħĶ侳Ϊɱ侳ߣֱ˲ţҲ֪ǲǰħΪӣʡ
ͻˡ
ʱһʮҵˣ쵤˳
ٶˣС˹Ƿ
˵ٴΣ棬Ҿ쵤ƹ񣬱ٶüͷһ壬Щá
ǣƹ񡣡СĿڡ
̲סһٶ˵ͻˣ
ٶеġѵǸղλħ
ʮңһΪ侳أǾѲɣͻƵ侳
뿪쵤󣬳׼ͺ塣
ʱԶսǴһƬ궯
·ˣԾõࡣ
ʱƵĳԶ⳵ӣѰ̶ӣһ֮ϣ棬һ侳ߡ
Щ侳ߣǿ侳塢ΪҲ侳һΪ
ֻǣЩߵĶͷϣһӡڡūӡ
ūǬ½֮УλΪ֮ˡ
﷢֣ӣȣ̲סʣЩūǡ
˵Щ춴īʯ۹۶ūǱµһٵֻ·ҪôУҪôߡ
ʮУǰеһЩҲȦһЩūרɾԪʯ󡣡
ͷ
ʲô
춴µıҵ춴ӻʳǹūᱻ͵һߣҪۿūҪԪʯƱÿһ춴Ὺׯս֮ˣԪʯעһѹУ׬ȡԪʯûѹУעԪʯˮƯˡ
ֻˣÿ£ɫļū۸ߵá
Щ춴˴Ƹڶۺ졣
ͺҲһ˽⡣
ūƴɱĵط
ڹս֮˶ԣУūƴɱǴ֣˼顣
ūԣֱǵ
ţ
ͻȻĿ⣬ɨǰ·һܿ죬ɫһ䣬Ǹ׹ӡôܣЩū춴īʯ۹۶𣿡
棬һĶСū˯Ĳϣһ׹ӡ
׹ӣʺ«״
ԳԣôϤ
ļ䣬ǵãţһͬӾ۱ϵõһǷ֮ĺ«׹ӣ͸ţ
׹ӣǵūϹŵĻۣһģһ
ѵ
Ｄ˫˸⣬ѵţû
ۿĳԶȥ̤ǰǸʵ㲱ϵ׹ӣģ
ڵū΢΢̧ͷĿ⣬ɨ˳һۣͲ
ǲʶţ
˼ּ浣ģԼĲ²⣬Ǵġ
ţڵūһ˫Ŀ⣬·ڻ˻ƣ㡭ôʶţʲôˣ
ʶţ
Ŀūйţ١
˿
ʱӵһǰڳǰͺȡ
Ŀһ䣬һĳ嫵ϣֱӽ
˽ٳ
ˤ߻أ΢ѹһ


128 ţ
˽ٳ
ĳӻһȣʱӵΧ·ˣˡ
ʲôˣô󵨣ҽ춴ĳӣ

춴ʮһչգʵǿޱȣڣҲǡ
īʯ۹ǶһҲδ춴ǿ
˽ٳһʱ䣬һȺӻΧΧС
Ϊ׵ĻһˣĿ΢ųΪȣˣҪٳ
ͷ֣ˣʮңһΪ侳һء
츳
ǰˣһ츳Ϊ֮ˡ
һʱ䣬룬ܽ춴Ȼ춴һ컯

ʱͺ粽Ȼ˻İΧȦվ˳ߡ

ˣǰˣһ֮
ҪԷ춴һ׵¡
Ͼо仰˵úãͷβ
Ҫٳ
ˣڡ
ˣҼҶٳֻҪǸūһЩ⡣ڳ֮ǰ˵
ղţｹɫҲˣǸū֪һЩҪ֪¡
ŶԵһ¡
ū֪ҪѶԪʯڿˣ̧ͷ뻤ӣ

һЦˣҪūӦõ춴µȥңҲûȨū㡣
üȥ
˭֪ȥū֮ǰū᲻ɱˡ
ūϣū֪ţϢΣҲᡣ
ܷ⣿˶Σʡ
ǳ뿪ɡ
˵ܾ˳
ΪΧĻ̲סһʲôʱ򣬻ô˵ˣ
˳ײ춴ӣôˣ
ò˵츳֮ˣʲôطܵ˵أ춴λǿӵһ츳֮ġ
ҽһҪأ
ɫһк䡣

ͺɫһ䣬û뵽ôִս춴ϡ
Ŷ
û뵽˲ʶȤ̲סЦˣҵǺ棬ƾʲôѵƾ侳һأһ侳أ
ˣ
ʱһ΢Ҳ֪Ի˵ʲô
ܿ죬ϣ¶죬ؿ˳һۣĿ֮£˵ͷû뵽ôūˣ߰ɡ
򿪣ūǡ
˵һǰųӼǰߡ
춴һȺΧ֮ˣһ˼ؿųˣʲôͷ
ôӡ
һô£
Ǹտʼ̬ȾȻޱȣԸūԸʼ⣬ת֮䣬̬ȾͳתԪʯͽҪū͸
Ǹ׸˵ʲô
üͷ΢壬뵽ղŻ˵ĻʶһУӦúǸԻйء
˭ڰ
ͺӳӻнӹūҲһ㵣һۣ໥˵Ƕǲϵ춴Ĵ
ҡͷص֪춴ūͳӵĻ١Эʶˣ춴ݾԲһ㡣
٣춴ūͳӻһΪ侳ء
춴٣ҲǸ߲
õЭ֮ˣѰ֮ˣ
侳أ
е֪ٵĵϸ⣬ʶղţԼ嶯֣Ե٣ʮ
ֶξܳ䲻⣬ʩչɵͨҲ˵Էֺ
侳ߣ˺һ֮ƵĴڡ
գǼҶ죬һ֮һΪҲ侳ء
ȥϴ·
˽ūصħ󣬳Ըһħӡ
ǡħūȥ
ţĻš
ϣ¶Цݣ·ϣūе֪ţû
ţڵΣ֪Ҫūе֪
ܿ죬ūһˬ·ڳǰл˾֮
ɣʲô֣
ղһ·ϣֻʶԷţ£Էʲôֶ֪
ˣҽ͢ūվ
˵˵ţôʶģУڵΣ
Һţǰǰڵ۶ūгʶģʱձ˴Ǳ͹͵ū㱻ҩҾһͽΨһġĶҲ«׹͸ҡ͢˵ţժ˲ϵĵ׹ݸ
ӹ׹ĥź«ϵأ
ҺΪѣֻǣܿ죬Ҿͱ͵ԭΪעҪ춴ȴû뵽˶ˣˣôʶţģ𣿡͢ʡ
«׹ӣ͸ģ˵Ҹ𣿡
üżֵǣ͢˵ڵţڵ۶ūг棬͢뿪˼£ţҲ֪
㡭ǳ͢
ʶңţ˵ң
ţţ㣬˵ֵܡ
뿪˵۶£ڣţڵ۶𣿻᲻ᱻˣʣЩ١
ᡣ͢϶˵
Ϊʲô
ţ츳ܸߣһ˫ͨӵߣūūг׽ֵģ뿪ǰ˵ūг׼ͻƵ侳ٸ߼۽ȥ͢˵
ߣ̣Ǵͦ졣ڣ޲ýūгˣȫɱ
͢Ļʱţǰȫġ
Ҫȥһ˵۶ˡ
˾ϡ
ö׹ӣûɣź«׹ӣʡ
˵ﻰⱾĶ͢æ˵
«׹ӲǳĶҲǳȵġ
ͷţֵܣѣҲҵѡԺɣû˻Ϊͷϵūӡ㡣
͢ϲлˡ
͢뿪ʱʣ뿪۶ʱţʲôΪ
͢ص侳ء
ͷеĺ«׹ӣĿ⣬ᶨţңҴߵ£ȥ۶㣬ȳӡ
۶īʯ۹ĵλ൱ԪĻʳǣԪĵλ
۶ǿƣǿĻ
۶ūгǵ۶һĲҵ㣬ﲻ룬Ҳܲµ
һΣǰ۶Ҫūгȳţʶеļѡ
ȻѣҲȥ
ֵܣֵܣ


129 
ڣִ
վڴ֮Уܵǽϣƿ֣Щǧ괫Ĺأѵ롣
ˡ
֮⣬ڳɫµˣ̤룬ƺЩ⡣
Ѫϡ
ˣڣִѪų·ӳ۾￴ʲôעҪʧˡ
ѪϣҴҪڣ˽Ѫϰæ
ҡҡͷ˵
Ŷ˵Ѫڳġ
ϴμСһҲͰ˸µʱ䣬յ侳ߣȻ̤侳
̤侳Ѫ⣬Ͼ΢֮ơ
ǣ̶̰˸ʱ䣬һΪʹ侳ؿԽ侳һأԪٶȣҲ̫˰ɣ
˾˵츳ĳˮҲЩ¶
ѪϣҴһԶţշħһ˵
ħѪһƽʱ£ִ߳֪ǵħ
ǡͷ
˳һۣѪ˵Ӧ֪ںʮԼ֮ˣòʮ֮¡
ﵭһЦνԼֻߵĹߣѪϣزڱơ
Ѫϣѵ¶Цݣһ꣬Ϊշħһ꣬һ󣬵ħ֮˵޹ء
˿΢΢ǷлѪϡ
ۿȥѪЦɢָ
û뵽ŰѪҲʱ򡣡
ִ⣬롣
ʲôʱ򣬳˵ħѪû˵ĵЦʡ
˻ǵĿһǰħԣǰʱ䣬侳һءһ侳أ̤ϵħȡ֮˭֪սδ𣬳侳Ϊɱ˵ħǿǰһ侳أһ侳ء
Ѫ̲סݣ侳أɱ侳ءأ
ҪǣɱǰħǰֻһС䣬Щ¶
һУ
Ѫ˫һСһϣеܡ
Ѫ˵շħһʱ䣬һڻ֮⣬㲻ȥ
˻û˵꣬ͿѪͷ¶Цݣ˵Ļշµħ޲ɣ£㣬ȥɡ
Ҿ͵仰
Ѫִ֣̤ֻվԭأһơ
뿪ڣ˿û뵽ô˳
֪ѪӦҪһǷһ顣
䣬ծѻ̾˿صħȥˡ
˵Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ǰȥ۶֪֮͢⣬Ҽ˶һ˵үȥɡ
ֵܺҲ˵Ҫȥ
һΣһȥҡͷɲȥ۶羰ģȥ˵ģϣˮ
ˣǵħû򣿡iʡ
Щģ뿪ϢȥǵħһЩǻ
ʱʲôֵ
ģ£аš΢΢һЦһ㣬뵽ˣҪȻҲȥѪϡ
Ѫϵı֤ܷġ
뿪󣬵ħ£塢˶뿪ǰ¹ԪԪʯ
ȥ
󣬳ｫҡеƽʱʯɫأһҪ˵һһûлǼˣͽµԪʯȥҽɢħȥʲôطȥʲôط
Ļ˶ɫ䡣
ô˵ţһǰ۶Σգ
үҸȥɡҼ
ԣһȥɡҲ
ʲô˵ֻһ·ѣû˵ԼĻ¡ҡͷЦΣŽȰá
ħ½꣬ʧУһīʯ۹Ĵµͼȷ˵۶ķ뿪ʧǣڿնƾ֮ʧǣͻƵ侳շˡ
⻹ǳͻƵ侳󣬵һУƼĸоǰ붼롣
ڣȴʵˡ
ǰĶУ»ᱻǳˡ
ﰵ
УѸ;ԿˣԳڵٶȣҲҪһʱ䣬ܸϵ۶
ţ
ͻȻжסӰ͵ػͷ
ֻԶƽüѵҵӦˣоڸҡ
ҡҡͷûκζߵĳ·
ӰʧԶɢһɫӰ֡
һλŮӣ£Ϣǳѷ׵ֹͶ䣬ųȻϢ
ͷˡ
Ůӵľɫϣ¶ǳǳЦݣ͵Ŀ⣬ƺЩ֪ǲǵҡ
ŮӶ裬ȥ
ߡ·뿪˴Įӳģࡣ
̲ס˷еĸ߶ȣŴȻµϢ
ͻȻǰһ궯ϸһ﷢֣һ̶֧ӱһȺǿΧǿռϷ磬̶ӵĻ˴룬ԳŲ˶ˡ
û֣Ǭ½Уʱзǿʳ淨ѡ
ֻǣ׼뿪ʱԡѪսĻӰС

Ȼֻǲִټһ棬ﻹһ۾ͽ˳
ҼǵãԼսīʯ۹һ£ڴĮ֮УĲµǸ̶ӣеĻǴˡ
Ե𣿡
ҡҡͷｵ¡
īʯ۹֮󣬶̶һ֮ڣڳ￴ͻԵ֣£ٲҪһܡ
棬ѪȾ飬Ҫˡ
öС£Բܣ
Уֻһͷɱɱɱ
ȻۿһЩǿǿ£
ǿ֮Уˣʵ൱
оıϢһͼ̶ӳвʮΣһߡ
һΣֻһڴĮǴΡ
˵ʲôͬ㣬ǾǶС㶼̶ӳС
뺦С㣿
ֻо⣬ʱ̲סһڴĮѣҺйȻʱˡ
ֵǣȫɱˣŮ˲Ҫ˭ǸҶҰǵƤ
ǿͷʶһУȻıһԶСıȺǿ׵ǿǣܸͲǿ
ϴйһΣûôõˡ
һǿɱоڵĿ飬氵̾Щˡ

ʱ߿µһӰһȫǲ˼֮ɫ⡭ȻͻƵ侳ˣһμƺֻ侳ء


130 οɶ
侳ǿ̶ӻһȺǿ׷ͣ֡
侳ǿߵòʱ̶ӻǿǣڵأǺʱô侳ǿߣ
ˣҲͶʮҡ
ʮң侳ߣ
ּˡ
ûˣ̶ӻ桱΢΢һЦ
ǰδꡣ
˿Ҳ΢Ц
֪Ȼ˳ˣ̶ʣµ˵Ǳסˡ
ǿͷ죬һĻɫ΢䣬û뵽澹λ侳ǿʶ
ۿͷԣǾ׼˳ˡ
ֻǣߵ
ȰӰ䣬Яŷƥĵ⣬֮һǿɱʬѪɺӡ
ת۹һȺǿֻʣǿͷ죬ǰˡ
ˣ·ǴӾ֮ޣֱؼѪ
ôǣ
￴棬˽洦á
ǿͷ죬ۿԼУһˣ̲סģ滤ŹǣҲֻǮƣ֡

ǿͷ죬ɫ䣬ͬʱ֣Ҫпڵǿͷ졣
ǵĶǿ죬Ķ죬Х䣬ֵǿͷ죬Ȼأi˵ĺ󳾡
ҪɱңҪɱң
ʣµǿͷ죬˫ȶ嵽¡
мؿ˳һۣ濴Ӳдǿͷ죺˭ģ
ǿͷ첻ɣʯڶү
ʯ
ϵǿͷ֮ˣк˸
ݣĽХ䡣
ǿͷ죬ûʶ֣ת۾ͱɱ
л˶ξ֮ʶ˸մ
ų﹪ʣξԼ֮ˣԴĵ׸м

ֺ󣬳׼뿪·

ʱݺ㶯ȵŮһѾߵͬ£˹ż۵˫գͮͮģǹɡ
С㣬ôˡ澪
𣿡Ů΢Цͷ
磬ξ¿ɶǿɶ͸СοɶѾȡһĻݸ
Сα˿ҡͷûӡ
ֻǣŮȴЩִ㲻ҾͰļƣ󣬳Ҳֻ¡
ܾοɶͬеҪ󣬳ڿն׼뿪
ʱοɶԳ֣磬ԺпգǵҪ޳ǡɶ
һ
οɶͷһЦԶȥ
οɶ̲סԼóᣬŮʮ˱䣬ǸѾͷҲˡ
´λȥӦöѾˡ
û֮󣬳ش˻ϵʱסˣΪϵˣ
ֻǣվڴĮ֮С
ò˵οɶĻǡô̾û뵽ǸŮ츳
ѹ֣˵ξԭһΣҲڣֻû
οɶŸ߿գӰûãٳûջĿ⣬ᡣ
̶ֱӣѾߵͬ£ص档
ʱϣ˼ϲõЦݣѵҸԵ֣˵ˡ
īʯ۹۶֮⡣
ڸ߿գԶĵ۶ظӾ̫𺳣һݷľ޳ǣ滹һгǵĿۡ
۶ľͷһռݵ۶֮һصĳгǣʥϡ
Ӧþīʯ۹ҵڣʹ
ﰵ
īʯ۹ĵ۶оԶӿУɣϢ·ϴһ糾͵Ǧ
۶ĽֵޱȣԪʳǽֵ֮һ
̤۶оԼ۽磬֮ſʶȥԼͺһֻľ֮ܡ
һ£߽һҾ¥һ꺺ӣĶ¡
꺺üЩá
λ磬ҵһ۶ڵ۶ĺܶ¶˽⣬Ҫ̣ٷˣΣ
΢Ц꺺崺硣
һҪͣϵĲȻ޴棬ţû⣬ֵʲô֪ģңҴСڵ۶󣬵۶úܡ
˻ͷ˵۶ֲ
꺺ˬ˵˵ǵ۶ĸһָ֮£󶥼壬һΪչҡΪռҡһͶˣһ߼ңֱǡ
꺺ӵĿУԵ۶ķֲҲһ˽⡣
Щ֮⣬ǵ۶һСǾīʯʥԺ꺺˵
īʯʥԺ档
ţīʯʥԺأû֪īʯʥԺԺ˭ǣ˶֪ǻʳһӵܣͷҪСīʯʥԺԺֻ츳ѵѧԱݡīʯʥԺҲǵ۹ߣ֮⣬õȥ۹ʮ󿡽ܡУˣīʯʥԺѧԱ꺺Ӽ˵
ʮ󿡽ܣ档
ʮ󿡽ܣָīʯ۹һʮλͲʮľţԵ۹塢šֵܣ֪
˵ʵԵ۹µ֮ˡ
ԭˡ
꺺ӵĽУҲ˽⵽īʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܣīʯ۹ĵλ͸ӣĵλһ
ͻȻ뵽һˡ
꺺ӣʣУе۹ʮ󿡽ܣ
꺺ӵͷУŵӡʮ󿡽ее塣Ҳǵ۹ʮ󿡽УСһλ˵ٹ꣬ܳΪʮ󿡽УǰĴڡ
һ̾Ȼ
֪ʮ󿡽ܵĴںһʱ뵽ģһһˣ
꺺ĵĻ⣬Ҳʼ廨ţԽԽԶ
磬˵۶һūгū侳ߣʵ
ǣǵ۶չµūгռµūгÿһʱ䣬һūֻҪ㹻Ԫʯκ˶л侳ū꺺Ц
۶ūгһ
ֹ
꺺Ʋ죬˵չҺռ¸һūг⣬۶һ壬ң¶ūгֻǣµūгԶԣҪһЩżҲ侳ū
Щͷۡ
۶ūгȻң
ڵʧǣصħȥ͢ĶˣǼһôû˵
ʵԩ͢
͢ҲǱ˴ӱĵط͵īʯ۹۶ū۶ūг£ô֪
ֵܣ㻹ʲô֪𣿡
Ա꺺׼뿪ǰʵ
ûˣл硣ҡͷ꺺ߺһ˼
ūг
ֱܲӴȥūг˵Ҫһ鿴ǵūɣ


131 
˼˰죬һƻڳ𽥳Ρ
߳¥˸ӻЩͿϣ߽չµūг
ūг棬Ϊ֣壬Ⱥվһָָ㣬ѡڵūսūг۵ūϰ٣ó̲ס̾
ЩūǴģ
ˣҪū𣿡
ʱūгһд΢Цʳ
˵ͷ۹ܸߣϣҿϵġ
һЦˣģūгūԶǺûɫʣūʲôҪ󣿡
ﲻʣ֪ūʲôطūʲô°ɣ
ڳĻһҲȣ˷ģūԸɾսϵսк󻼡
սϵսô
뵽ţڻ̲ܿ࣬סʹ
侳ϵūȥ˵
õģˣ侳ϵū档
¶Цݣ侳ūˣǴͻ׳ɹò١
߽ūг棬ūȫͬҪôҪô˯
û˯ģۿ˺ͳж͸¶׺ݵĿ⣬·ʱ˶ɡ
ˣūΪ侳ϡ΢Ц˵ҪԦסЩūҪбǿʵ㡭
ô㵣ҼԦסǣﵭһЦ
ңֻѿˡ˻Ű֣ҡͷ
߹һЩūܰƽؿųһЩūҪ̽
ȻЩūųһˣһʱ䣬ЩūĿУֳֿ־塣
ڳˣ̲סȡ
˵ū֮У侳صĴڣҲ˵λݿݻƵĿˣһλ侳ߡ
ܿ죬תΧüʣǣõūɣ
Ĳ⣬æҡͷȻǣֻǣЩūгƽʱ۵ūõūˣˣûһ۵ģ
в۵ģ
ͷϣ
˵ūгǵ۶ĸūгƽʱ۵ū⣬һЩϵūЩū츳ߣҪȵūгʱŻ֣ʱǻὫǽ
츳ߣôЩūģ̲סʡ
Ȼǵ츳ͨ࣬ߣ츳ͨƷԽߣһ츳ԽáЦ
˵ūгż˫ͨӵūʡ
˵Цˣ˫ͨӵߣݹ۹ҲǼΪϡģūūгУҲ֪ġ
ūгķ˫ͨӵūô
ū϶ᱻرչˣȦᶯ߼δʩϾǿһĲƸʮǰĵ۶ռҵūгһ˫ͨӵūǸū侳һأĳƷԪʯۡ
ƷԪʯ
һ
˾úܹ󣿡Цʡ
ѵ𣿡ʡ
ˣҸ˵һ£ҲͲùˡǸ˫ͨӵūǱ̫ӣҲǵĵۻĵõյ侳һūǵۻµǿʿһΪ˵̤侳ˡ
΢Ц˵ڣ˻ù𣿡
侳أ
ﵹһ
˫ͨӵߵ츳ȷʵˡ
ˣЩūûȤĻֻܵūгˣһᣬºٰ졣
ʶ侳ߺ̬ȹ˼֡
á
ͷ뿪Щء
ȥռҵūгūгûзκйţ
Ӻĸūг˿еõϢչūг˵һ죬ūгū˫ͨӵߣҲᱻѩ
͢˵ţڵǸūгʹţһΪͻƵ侳ٽ
ɫһҪҵţѡ
Ҳ˵֪ţĸūг֪ЩūгǿҲὫţصüΪΣ׷ֵġ
һ̣һִĸо
ţһ
۶һҿջĿͷСһˮϴȥϵĻĳˮ
۶һĵ
һ˽˵ΣһЩϵūЩūԵūгԣǼֵƵĴڡ
˽˵ΣԹһ㣬ÿһζǶģܺãСУһǽڸҲκζ
ūǱ۾ģֱΣϵĺڲŻᱻ
ūû֪ԼʲôطֻǣڸսūгҪֻ࣬ÿٷо⣬ÿʱ䣬ܵõһЩԪʯ
ū֮ǻϲ
֪ūгȦԼΪڽϣԼһüǮ
źţԷˡ
һεĴڱһ˱˷˽棬о⡣
׳˶ͷţͷҵˣ·ϰԴ
һ۸ղŸһ𱻷ŽԪʯüȵιԪʯôˣҸ㣬ҪǸб˽ң´ǹһٱ㣬ҲţүԪʯܿ˿۵ģ
ˣɫѿû뵽Լֻǿ˿һöƷԪʯ˷ˡ
ţүҴҸղŲСˣ£ǧ˵
˻ŵؽµöƷԪʯΣ˵
˵ҲУ´Σ˳
ǣǡ
æ˵Σơ
⼸棬˭֪źˣźģֵߵʱ򣬾Ϳ޳ˣƽʱڱܿ˿۵ˮ̲
ūū
ֹһΣ롣
棬ţƷԪʯ¶Ȼ
̶һʱ䣬˷츲صı仯
Ǽŵӣһ򣬾ѵڶͨΪһɳ죬˭֪ŴͷһȴԸţѪħţ󣬱Ѫħĵūг
ֱ͵īʯ۹۶ת䡣
Դ˫ͨӵߵ£ūгĸ˷֣ͱطÿþƺ⣬дԪʯ
ǶͷūӡΪԼá
ˣȻôõΪʲôҪԺˣƾһʵҲһӳȥȥֵܡ
ţҲ֪ڣʲôط


132 ¥粨
Ȼһʱ䣬ﲢֹۣţ·˼һʱᣬЩ޴롣
ȻҲһʵޡ
ǳԽ侳Ĵڣ侳ǿߣ¸跳գȫƾǿʵѹūг֮ˣ赣Ҳţ
ȻڵԶûǰʵ
̤侳֪۶֮Уǿƣƾ侳ͽߣ㲻ʲô
ھ¥ǵλãƾƣʾ֭벻һ÷ӡ
һºīʯʥԺҪѧԱˣҲ֪᲻гʵȥѧԱһ㡣
˵īʯʥԺһΣ۹һЩſ뺯
īʯʥԺΪһɹպĵӵʢᣬҲǷѾ֭
īʯʥԺҲֻʮ󿡽еλлΪɹĺĵӣҲ֪īʯʥԺЩſûбȽϳʵǷ۹ʮ󿡽Ტۡ

¶ԳԣֻǷ̸
ʲôɹû˵ҲûʲôȤ
ǣīʯʥԺУ۶һĵϵӵܣܽīʯʥԺлЩ˿У֪ţصϢ
ܶϢڵ۶ᣬԲ̽鲻ʲô
īʯʥԺѧԱҲûʲôƣһʱ䣬ȥ̽̽Щ˵ĿڷҲá
˴㡣
һֱûͷûԵزȥҲ޼¡
ȽīʯʥԺȻһ˵ħܴܲ͢еõõϢ֮ǰǸūгʲôȥūгеĻϾͬ
Ȼ죬Ҳȥūгйʮһ춴ū¡
ֻǣūг˵춴ȥūҲ˵춴ʧǵūͬһūг
£ҪԻȥ͢
Ϊ֪ţ䣬ﲻŹκλᡣ
¥УϮӰ߽һŮӣ͸¶Ұԣ΢¶ŮӣȽҲȽϱأǰγĶԱȡ
󲿷־ƿ͵Ŀ⣬ű¶Ů
ƽʱǺѼĹ⾰ġ
ֻ̧ͷŮһۣ͵ͷ¶˵СȡֱۣΧԾƿ͵ӾͺҪɳǸǿǰıȻᣬҪѪ
վ޵ŮӣΧ˵Ŀ⣬ϰΪܿ죬´½ȵؿ˳һۡ
ʱ򣬾¥ＸˣŮӺͬ˵ʲôŮ
ɣ
޷ϣ͸¶ҰԵŮӣ˸͵Ĺ⻪
˵ͷ
лл
ÿ
ͻȻǲʲôüͷһ壬̧ͷŮһۡ
Ůˣ̽Ϊ
ŮӵһЦǸϰˣû뵽ˡز©
ߵŮӣҲʲôǸȻ⣬֣ûжġ
ǰĵغܺõġ
ҡҡͷԹԳԲˣǴҹŮӣôҰѾͷһ
ǰŴصĻ£Ůӵţڳ￴䲻ڱ¶ȷʵЩࡣ
Ƕ졣
ŮӵŮһۡ
ͻȻüͷһ塣
һƵĿ⣬һԼϡ
΢΢ƫͷ﷢֣һʮ塢ˣ˿ŮĿʱͲǵ·ˡ
ջĿ⡣
ԼˣǸԼֻ˵ù
ˣֵܣá˹Ȼ˳ߣһԪ˳ǰ
ɨһۣ˵Ա߻λãҪֱǡ
ɫһɵǼɵ뿪
ЦˣΪʲôҪ뿪Һûɣ
߲ߣ
üͷ
ʱԶһ˹˵ӣ˿
ҰԵŮӣֹסҪ򱧲ƽͬ飬µؿһĻ
ܺ棬ɵӣһ侳أһ侳أһλ侳ߡ
Ҹһᣬ
ְһڷ̧ͷĿɨ˺ӡ
㡭ҹ
˿ʼΪԼˣȷ̲סЦڵ۶һĶֵأʸǮ˲٣ƫƫû㣡Ǯȥ
ǣү
ǮҲ˵ӣǮӿ侳ߵʵһţ֣Х䣬ųץ˹ȥ
ʱ¥ڵĴ󲿷־ƿͣóҪùˡ
û̽ˣɿҲͶʮҵͣǿΪ϶Ҳһ㡣
˭֪һ̣ҰŮ֮⣬¥˶סˡ
ΪǿǸˣ΢΢̧֣ͽǮץסˣǮ·Ҳһץ

ǳЦɫףһָտڣһͱ飬ֱӽǮƷ˳ȥݺˤڵϣʹزҽš
㡭㡭
ǮʶǰˣǹȥôôӣһΣߵˣʲô㣬ҿǮҵĶүҪǸҶңǮҾŹ㡣
Ǯң
ݳ֪۶Ķһ壬ƺûʲôǮҡ
ȥһɨˡ
㡭
ȻģȻߣһ뵽ղչֵʵǮ粽׼뿪¥
ȵȡֿˡ
㻹ҪʲôǮɵؿų
ȥ˻ü
Ŀ֮£Ǯɫףֱ׼վ˫ֱͷһ̹˾¥ֻʣ¾¥֮ڣһƬš
ʱۿǮǮ뿪¥ڣ˺ѳСֵܣϽ߰ɣղˣǮҵĶүǮǮңڵ۶ֻǶ壬ǿȴҲ٣ǵġ
ǰϽ뿪ɡ

Щĵľƿͣ΢Цллѡ
վǰŮͷһЦ׼뿪
¥ľƿ˵Ǯֻǵ۶Ķ壬ҲڵǵģˣҲˡ
磬
ȻڳЩҪ߳¥ʱ¥⣬Ǯڳ֮ˣɫһ䡣
û뵽ﾹȻôùǮҶүճţ˾ǣңĴ硣
ǮҴ٣ǮڳһЩ˶ţ֪īʯʥԺѧԱʵǿ
ҵܣߣ
ǮȥһˣǮǮ񣬿ʮңӣڳϡ
Ǯ󣬻һλˣϢһλСǿߡ
ҪΣü
ȥԷ˫֡
ǮĬȻӹɵĿ

ŭЦк˸


133 Ů
ųǮüʲôˣ
Ǯȷϳݣʮҵ侳ߣ˵ûͷ̫ܡ
ߣҪսս֣
˫𣬶Ǯкһš
ȻʶǮĳɣգһѹǮҡġ
Ȼۿ򶨣û˿壬Ǯ˿Ŀ֮£ÿ·
磡ǮˣŹˣ
ﵭɨǮһۣ̤ȥʧǮ˺;¥һȺƿ͵ǰ
¥ľƿǣЩȣһŮҲ¶ʣѵǸˣʲô˲õݣ
磬ңˣ
ǮЩãʵ벻ͨ¹Ĵ磬Ϊ˷
ߡ
ǮɨһԼĵܵܣһɸ֣෴ķȥ
Ǯߵˣƺõʲôƹ¥ţȥķȥ
磡Ǯ˵ʲô
졣ǮһɨǮûʲô£ҡǮҵܻˣղǸˣᣬһΪ̤侳û㱳ӣֱӡ
磬ѵ¾ôˣǮЩġ
ߣôǮҵĶү˭ģҸղԸˣȥСӴɾһ侳һСӣʲôֻҪɾ۶ô˭ܲ鵽ǮģǮУâ˸
д㣬Ǯϣ¶ЦݣǴ
ƨһº󣬾ʥԺѧԱӣ㻹Ǻú׼ɡ꣬ҪٽʥԺԺûˡ
ǮһۣǮ˵
뿪¥˿ӿ죬ջȥ
ջԱߣһؾ֮·ʱƧ粽룬ͿվڲԶˣɫһ䣬ͺȣһǮңǮңѵͲǻ
ϳˣǮߵˡ
ֻҪˣ˭֪Ǯģ
Įų·ڿһˡ
ߣȷɱңЦĿ⣬ɨɨΧ
ò˵ĶһΪǿ߰бæɵؿ˿Χ
˷֮ʱһʶ˼Σ͵غˡ
ִټ䣬Ӵľ޹Ӱ˵ͷ˵ͨ޺һΧ˵״·һ졣
ϣ
һţ쵽µĴâ˺ѳգײϣ޾վûƿķâ
⣬һ侳صʵޱȣղֻҪ΢Щɣ
ϧ
üû뵽ȫȻûз֮£ȫʩΪδܽɱ
ڽʣСϣ¶ֿЦ
ͻȻǷʲô̧ͷͷ
ͷһɫٻӰȫĿ⣬찡ǰŮҲĪڴ˰ɣ
һʤѩϾӣҶü̵ͦǣǳһЦ˵ľ֣ǣĪڴˡ
ǰİŮӣǱ֮ǰɫŮӣҶ࣬Ҳʤࡣ
Ůӣ棬еŵ㣬·𶼼һ֮
ǳţϣ֮ˡ
֮ǰܼ˼ˣ޺ֻϧ£ҶҪˡ
̾˿
Σ˲ŴӾлعôҲû뵽һ侳һߣʩչôµֶΣв
ۿͷȻΪʼʩЦߣΪһ㵱
𡣡
ᶯͷһ̧ͷŷ֣һŮӣ֪ʱվͷ
ֵǣȥ޲·ʯ󺣡
ˣһܣŮӵʵǿ
ֻǣŮӵͣҲͺǰ൱˵츳ˣŮӣֱе
оΧɱ֮⾡ԣǣ΢֣֮Ҫ忪
𡣡
Ůӵޱȣɱ
ɲǣΧһ䣬۳һµķУһ𣬿µķ
ƣݿཫ˵΢֮ƴݻ١
㣬˺һ
˵ڸֳ־塣
û˵꣬ͱн飬ƽɡ
˵壬¹֮£ķУʳһ⡣
ڰŮǰ˷·ûκεֵ֮
Ů£ڳǰӣһ˫УϾᣬ㡭û°ɣ
䣬żɬ
ллŮӵͷ˿̣֪ΪΣܾŮЩϤƺʲôطһʱ벻
ǰǰŮӣǵãŮʵ̫ɫˡ
㡭Ȼǵˡ
Ůӵǣ¶ֿɬһ̣·סˡ
ҹ󣬴Ůӵİ£Ůӷ·о˺䣬һ֣£Ůϣ㣬ϵң
Ů΢΢ͷ֮Уˮ
ߡ·ľͷ˿һ۱زʬҲû룬һ֣ǣס˰Ůӵ֣ջȥ˿ջ
Ůӣûоܾɫϣ¶ǳǳЦݣЦУż㡣
ͷŮӷ·Щղɱʱ纮ģȫ֮
Ǹ
ɿŮӵ֣ҲоЩͻ˵ϵңΪβǵ㣬ֻãҶ㣬һϤĸоͺʲôط㡭ֻǣһʱᣬ벻ˡ
ŮӵĿЩ֣һЦҿɲڴڨ㣬ľϤҡ
Ů˳ϣ΢΢ͷҶ
㶮һڸоǰŮӣԽԽˡ
û뵽㻹ܼǵҡŮӵϣ¶Цݣ㡣
˭Ϊλþң
뿪ԪʱҾ͸ˣǲңҪߣԣһֱĺߡŮ˵˵ţ˳һۣ³һ㡣
һԼ뿪Ԫ͸Լ
˼䣬ʶŮӣһ뿪ԪʳǺ󣬾͸Լˡ
Զ磬İīʯ۹
뵽ϴԬǼ£˿˵ԬĲ״Ǯ˵Ĳ״ƣŮӣʣԬҲɱģ
ԬŮӵϣ¶ɻ
ŮԬģϵ𣿡
˵Ǹ˰ǰ죬ҿҪ㣬Ͱɱˡ㡭ɣŮʡ
ᣬȻᣬһҪлء
һоŮӷ·δͿ£ԣ׵ֽ
ͺǴԴ߳һ㡣


134 л
ϴԬͺ֣һ̫ˡ
Ϊ쿪ۣԬڷȴûԭǰŮӣΪԼԬɱ
ǰŮӣػһ֮á
һں棬Ϊ֪ǽ֮£Ůһ
ҡ㣿
ŮӣĿºͣ˵ǰһɫŮֻһͨŮӣҲֵԴ
ԷԹ޻ڣػһꡣ
Ůҡͷ·Ը˵̾˿Ůƺ֮Ҳٶʣתƻ⣺ʲô֣
ɶŮЦ绨
ɶֺ㡣Ůӣ˵
һ㶼ңԼʲô𣿡ʡ
Ҫ𣿡ɶˮˡ
Ȼǣֻʣˣȥ㿪䷿Ժ͸߰ɣҲòڰˣҲ۵ûš
ЩͷǰŮӣʱŮ£ʱСŮ
ɶ¶ЦݣСóЩˡ

ɶڸڿһ䷿ϣԺ֮УȫɶӰϸЦݡ
ĸˣһ֪ôһɫŮػһʱ䣬ҲЦѰɣ
ܿ죬ϵЦ˼
ɶʲôأ
Կ϶һ㣬ɶĸоʶ
ֻǣôһӡûУ
ɶҲ󣬿һΪȴԶʤҡϣȣҿ϶Ǯ˵СǮңǷҵծһգһֻأǮֵܶˣɣ
˫֮䣬˸ź⡣
ԭۿǮֳȥΪԷɵû뵽һգ۵ĹԷڰԼ
Էûھ¥֣ܲµԭ򣬶ǶԷԼĻº󻼡
Щ죬̫ܾ࣬öû˯һþܿͳ˯ȥ
Ǯңֻīʯ۹Ķ壬ɱϾǵ۶еļ壬ҲǱѰ
߷ǰף֮⣬ִأǮһԺӣ߳һˣǮ
ֻǣڵǮɫ·ųص£ҹδ飬ѵˣ
ǵīʯʥԺʱĸףǮҼ͸ӣһ侳ߣʵǿ츳ͨ޹ͨǾˣѰ侳ߣƿ츳ͨķ
ѵСǿ߰б
Ǯ˸ź⣬󣬻ȥĸףǮҼǮѮ
ǮѮǮҼһΪ侳ء
Ǯңīʯ۹ֻǶ壬Ȼ̣ȴǿеһ
һһ㶼и侳ǿһЩһλ侳ǿ
Ǯ֮Уλ侳ǿ
ǮҼǮѮֻһ
ǮѮۿǮɫæɻ
Ǯ֪֮£ʱɫ䣺ʡģ֮£˵ʲôãܲã裬Ҳȡ裬ɱˣҾ͵ûӡ㣬ǮҵϣҵĽӰˣûҪΪ˻£
ǮЦףˣҲû뵽
ǮѮǰⲽǮʵǮ֮УҲٮٮߡܽɱ֮ˣҲ侳صĴڣȻ츳ߵ侳ߣ˺һ֮ƣҲԽɱǣԸǰߣ
侳أ˺һ֮ƣš
һˣڰбǸˣ˵϶Ϊ£
ǮϷƱãôҲû뵽ռǸ˵󣬻ǿڱ
Ҵȥü֮㣬ȡҵǸˣʱȥеΣƵϡ£һȥ˵룬Ӧûȫ֡
ǮѮΪǮҼʮ깦򣬾ͽǮҴīʯ۹һļ壬յĶ壬ȻҲ֮ͨˣ¸ɾ䡣
ףʱҪܵô죿Ǯɫ΢䡣
Ҫܵ
ǮѮĿ˸£ǳģΣҲ۵ϡģһ˵ܣұӣȥ
Ǯֵףûʲôͷֻǡֻ·ƽɱأ
ǮѮЦ⻰㣬Լ֪㲻ԸΪ㵣𣬿Ҫ֪ǮҵĳӣպҪǮҵģܳ£ܣҲܶģһ䣬ǮҽٲѵϣǮҾʹû䣿
ǮңʮѪΪǲĶܣǮҾʹ˱ԭΣ
ǮɫףĸһһƣҲʶԣ˿ݺݵͷףˣͰ˵
뿪ǮңǮĳˮкڣգΪҪ֡
񣬿ܻҪܵ
һ棬ܾٵһǮ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
һΣֻĶˡ
պ󣬵￴Ǯţ̲סһ
Ǯһģ׼ȷ˵һʬ塣
ʬ壬ϵãϴھ¥ǮҲǮĶܡ
ʲôüЩ⡣
գǮϹۣЩ˸£ȻҴҶ뿪ˣȴ뵽ҶǮҵǮԸ³֣ΪǮҵҶѱҸ״ֻϣܽ½ҹ
Ǯ˿˵Щʱֻоµûš
ĶܣȥȰ˵ʱԸӣԸΪȥĸףֻɱĶܣֻΪ֮ǡ
ȻҲµǮҼ⡣
ǰɶɱˣǮˡ
ֻǣû뵽ǮһǮҵķӦôǮҼϧɱԼĶӡ
ɨܿͷ֣ʬ壬ȷʵǮˡ
⣬īʯ۹ļ壬Ϊ˼棬ΪĸףڿɱԼĶӡ
ףǮ֮ǼɵԼܴڵ
ԴˣȻܵƣ˵ȻǮε£ô˽ᡣ
л¡
Ǯվ׼ȥ
ʬߣҪҰǮҴɣü
л
һлǮ˵úܳϿҡ
ǮǮʬ뿪󣬻һ磬ȵɶڳߣ磬ʲô
ɶϵǮ۶һֱڳߣһգ¥ſڣǮǮ֣ɶһ֡
ûʲôҡͷ£ﲻɶ֪Щ£̫ˡ
ɶͺһŰֽﲻϣκΰĶմȾ档
ǮΪﲻòп
ΣǮ֮ĶԹǮǮĵǸҲɢˡ


135 
ɶֺ󣬳һͷɶǿʵвȵ۶ūгĸˣ׷ţ䡣
Ȼͷ𣬾ͱ顣
̫ðˡ
ūгڵ۶ĶһУвūгˣвݾߣȻἤŭЩǿļ塣
Ȼһ壬ȴԸɶˮ
Ȼ֪ɶԺηΪδôãһ㣬Բɶ¡
Ȼں
īʯʥԺѧԱӣжʮ졣
׼չˮɶǰƽΪ
ȡһöʱɶ֮Уֳֿ
ɶһ侳Ϊѵûù
ΨеһηЧҡͷɶһ˼顣
ɶûùһ˵Ϊ츳ɶǰȻʧɫ
ϣ죬ˡ
ипеĵݸɶɶҲطȥɣﲻ㻤ˣöҲмô
ɶȻȴûȥӣҡͷҲҪ
Ϊʲô
á
һɶﻹ֪Сӵ˼ȡһҩУ򿪺ӣһöǰɶģﻹء
ʱɶ¶΢ЦԸӹ
﷢֣ɶӹ˫ۺʣ·ʱܿ޳ʱˣɶôˣ˵𣿡
ɶҡͷ磬á
ɵɶãȻҪá
ЦоԼͺںСŮɶԣʱľһСŮ
ɶЩԪʯţһطá
ʯȡʮöƷԪʯݸɶ
ɶξȹΪɶٶ࣬ҲӦõģңҲϲŮӡ
ɶûӣﻹΪǸղһЦģԼء
ǡ
ɶҡͷ̧裬УƾճʮöƷԪʯ΢ЦԪʯģԺҪûԪʯˣɶҪ
Ŀ⣬ɶϣû뵽ɶϵ䣬Ҳָ
İɣԪʯáɶݣΪˡ
һΪף츳Ⱥָ
ʲôˣ
ɶطȥ󣬳˵ʼ
ֶ֣߲ͨ£￪ʼƷԪʯԪµĵҩ
һʱ䣬Ըоĳԣֻ侳һߣҩ̤侳أ¡
ǰǮɱ䲻⣬ȫʩΪֶξ޷˵Ǯֺ
һ̣оԼʵ̫ˣǮǰ
ɶʱ֣ѳǮµꡣ
£ｫҩ˴룬һΪ̤侳ʱ˹
߳䣬һʿջС֪һαչأȻ˶ʮʱ䡣
˿ЩңٹգīʯʥԺѧԱӣҺû
ɶգûʯ棬ȡһľɵ֣ͨͿʼľ
ԣľơ
񣬳ĵƾ΢һԲҲԶˡ
ˡ
ɵͨеһľ𽥻һľֻʱģܳƽ·һУ޹ء
ľһ̬ɶɬɶ΢ЦɶСŮĿɰɶ
ĵľһ̣·𱻳︳
ǣûв¶ԵЦݣҸ֮⡣
ͻȻв˹ֻΪģһиյ̵һľأɫͻȻ
ǰһеĻ棬ٴγ֣ϲĸ֮ۡУһа񣬽ѵףվڸ֮ۡ⣬紵ˣɪ
ɫһĻȥо;ȫˡ
˭֪ʱһ紵˿ĸۡͷǴ
˵ģӳڳóͫһܡôܡɶôɶ
ǰһУȥгֹĳһɡ
ֻǣȴһˣǸ绪Ůӣžɫյɶ
һﻹûʶô£ģͿʼʹ
ɶĿ⣬ңԶĸ֮ۡɶϵȻϧۡ

ǰĸۡȥȥֹһ£֣壬·һڿƣһֹ
һﲻҲ֪϶Ǹӵ
ңǲŮˣɶ㣬ƾʲôң
ɶʲôˣûʲôϵƾʲôƻǵĻ񣿡
ʱһͷڳ𣬹ޱȣͺӶˡ
ɶɶҵˣԸ޸ˣҪֹһУҪֹһУ
뵽ɶ˵ģеڴ·ħ˫۳죺ٲһɱ
ɱ𣿡
Ц﷢֣Լ棬شܳһӰ棬Ӣ
Ȼ㡣Ŀϳǰ֮ˣǹȥӡ
屻Լƣһ̧֣Ҫƿ
˭֪ӵĶȣ˺һ
ʱУһɵ۳ΣɵǷɵͨ
֮⣬˵츳ͨǷɵͨ
һǰеķɵͨķɵͨȫͬ
еķɵͨ͸¶ϢǱķɵ·˵ţһ
ӣˡ
ų򣡡Уɵͨ۳ͣŷһǰϢ
ų򣿡Цˣ㶮ʲô㶮ʲô壿㶮ʲôа
û㶮ȴ㿴͸ȻΪҪ˽ģ˽еΣ˽еʹ࡭ֻǣȫ֣ĸ𣿡
һ֣廳ģǺһǶӣ㣬һ
ӣͺȵ
ģҸܰƭңƭңЩʧأķɵͨɱȻ·ʱֱ֣ܳȡ
ų򣡸飬һ˵£㵱ѡǽø֣ҸľˡΪѡעʹһ֣һûŮˣһҸ
Ц


136 ߼ѧԱ
˵Ϊѡֻٵˣ
Ļģһһ䣬·ܴ͸ӵġ
ѡһѡԸı˵һҲò˵ѡ޴ǿЦǿ
￪ڣȻ㣬̸㣬ûа
̸ûа
ɫ԰ףеķɵͨɢȥ壬Ҳ֧飬·ûгֹ
ûαس֣֮𣬳˿ĸۡһĳƿﱧ
ɶ㣬ô
ｫеͷƿʱסˣɶǹȥǸŮӡ
ô£
ղţúɶôᡭ
ʱ﷢֣ǰĳˣҰӳģӡ
ӣԼһװŮӱŮӵϣ£ޱ᣺ҴˣҵģҲὫøκˡ
ͻȻתͷӣó׻
㣬ҵķɵͨˣԺǻлټġ
̧֣һŵĴâ쵽£ֱӳâ֮ϣ̺ĵƣƣڣ޼䡣
ӵķɵͨƺ̺Ī⡣
ѵ˺һ֮ƣ
ͷ𣬳ͷ֣ˣص˿ջķ䣬ղŵһУ·һΡ
𣿡
̾˿ֽǿյһľʰзɵۣͨĸо·ּ˼֡
ɵͨľʱٲȻ֣ɵͨϵĵƣȫˡ
ڵĵƣû֮ǰˣ˼·õ˼
⣬ǳЩӣһֱ׷ľ硣
΢ƣʽ̤Բ
ô£ѵΪղǸΣ
˻λԴڣԼֲ壬ղŷһУΣʵڣ˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
˵Լķɵͨ
ɵͨԼģθɣ
Ժлټ
ѵԼԺԼΣ
ҡҡͷﲻٶ룬䣬еĵľɡ
ɶˮӣĿ⣬Ҳ֣ظĵľ
ɶҵʲôط㡭
۳ô룬벻ʲôطɶ
պīʯʥԺ
һ磬īʯʥԺſڣһų˳һŻŮ£ӣμīʯʥԺѡΡ
īʯʥԺſڣΪ
һҲģһŮվһ࣬ǵŶΪǱѡΡ
һż˹ȥʾ뺯ֱӽīʯʥԺ
ЩˣīʯʥԺ뺯īʯ۹¸ſ侳ϵߣȥīʯʥԺѡΣֱӳΪīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱ
ʣµһ򣬿յˡ

ν˵ֻҪʮµ侳ߣͿֱӳΪīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱ
رġ侧򡱣˵κ˽ַ棬ԲԳʵ֣ͣ侧Ǹ׼ġ
˵侧Բᳬꡣ
īʯʥԺֻʮµ侳ߡ
һ۵ˣĿ񣬸֣Ӱ첻
ͻȻīʯʥԺſڣһɧ̧ͷһۣҲˡ
ͯŮŮһʱ䣬·ΪĿĽ㡣
ǲʲôǺЦȤȤ

û뵽ϣϢŮӡ
Ǽһ˹ʺˣܵõŮӵ

īʯʥԺſڣ궯ͬʱһЩ˷
񣬳īʯʥԺſڵŮǳɶ
ɶųı۰ﲢĿ֮£īʯʥԺſڵ
һʱ䣬Χž

жʮҵŮ侳ߣ
һʱ䣬ɨҪ̽ɶǳֻǣųһɨͺһЩɫ׷ɷףʶˣ侳ߣ
ɶ﷢ֻ֣һ۵ӦīʯʥԺʦ΢΢һЦ˼ңīʯʥԺ
̧ͷ΢΢ͷ侳أ͡
ͣһ
ͣô⣿
ˮ侧ֻҪַȥͻ͡˿һϵˮ
ⶫܲͣ
Щţǰַȥ
ˮ򣬴ֱܿ죬͸оˮˮ棬һЩֵ·Щ·ֳһЩ֣Щ
ʮꣿ
̧ͷЩȵؿ˳һۡ
ô׼ﱻŵˡ
ȷʵʮ꣬ٹһ£ʮ
ʮ˰ɣʡ
ʱˣţٹһ£ʮˡ
˵ͷֿһ۳ߵɶСǸʥԺԼͨԣΪʥԺѧԱ
˼ңҽʥԺʲô˼
һЦʥԺĸ߼ѧԱһӽʥԺ
ɶ￴ɶ
ҲˣҸһȥˡɶ΢Цҡͷ
šͷ
ؿɶһۣƺʲôȴҲû˵ȡƣһǳɫģһǱɫɫƣʥԺ߼ѧԱƣɫƣǸ߼ѧԱƣǽȥ󣬻˸ǰס
һͿˣ
˵ͷΪҪʲô
һЦΪҪдһЩϡ
˵һЦϣģ˭֪ңֻҪʥԺո¶ͷǵѧԱĵϸʥԺȻа취鵽ƽӹѧԱбҪ֪ĵϸ𣿡
Ȼƣ˵л󣬴ɶ߽īʯʥԺ
侳ءŮޣš
˻ͷһ۳ɶıӰջĿ⣬Ŀ
īʯʥԺ֮⣬һƬȻʮҵ侳ߣʲô
īʯʥԺҪһλѧԱˡ
Ȼԣ˼λɫŮϣǸŮӣⱲӼŮˣ߻㣬ǣò
ϧˡ̾Ϣ
ߣΣã˵ݻ𣿡
ˣǺһ˫Ůݡ
ɶ߽īʯʥԺǰӴһʮŮӣŮòڣʾƣЩʧ񣬸߼ѧԱ
īʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱż侳Ρ
ֻжʮҵˣ侳ߣ


137 չ
ŮӵĿ⣬ڳߵɶʱ״סˡ
ҲŮˣɻǱɶ㵹ϣŮӡ
ŮӵĴ£ɶһۡǰۡ㲻ϴ󣬳һǰԺ⻹䡢ңǰԺ˻ݲݣҲ㲻
īʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱƽʱʥԺ֮Уʲô𣿡
Ůӡ
Ů΢Цҡͷûʲôƣ߼ѧԱʲô⣬ȥҽԱ
ͷīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱҲɣҲ¡
ŮֵõĵطҪͨȥ
ͨ
档
ͨ
ŮʾָԶ
ǱߣһƵľǰλīʯʥԺͷΰ
ղһ·ע⵽ʱΪӦڼʥԺġ֮īʯʥԺѧԱ˵ĵط
Ůôһ˵֪Լˡ
ŮӶԳܵͨһ־ʮŲ㣬ԽߣԪԽǳԣ
ͨʮһϵңԪǾǧϴģڰʮһϵЧͬԪʯʮϵңʤԪʯʮϵң˵áƽʱīʯʥԺĸ߲㣬żҲᵽȥ
ǧƣ
һǵãڼʱǾ۱ڣǧƵĴڣмʥԺ֮ҲǧƵĴڣеԪŨˡ
ֻϧЩԪ̫ࡣ
ǿֻ߻ħ
ֻǣīʯʥԺͨȫһרŸīʯʥԺѧԱĵط
߼ѧԱһ㶼ڰʮһϵ
Ůӽ˵ʮ£ұȽϳԣʮ֮ϣÿһ㣬ֻңԴȱ߼ѧԱδֵܷһңżһҿճ߼ѧԱ֮ɱ
ѵʥԺܣ档
ܡŮҡͷ
ѧԱأѲɣҲܽüͨңɲʲôõط
ȻС
ŮҡͷͽƽͣǱչʱ˴ţ߻ħͨʮϣʥԺĽԱרĴѲӣпճң߼ѧԱ֮ɱԷҲû˻˵ʲô
Ȼȴǲκ˴ţˣĳˣڼ䣬Ҳôţ򣬽Ա֡
УңҲɱˣ֣Ϊ޹ʶ֣ʥԺ⵽ʥԺ
ƽʱʥԺ֮ڣ˫ԼսнԱ֤ȻҲǲ໥ɱġ
Ů˵һѣڳֻһЩϢ
Ƚϰȫᱻ˴ţоŮǾ䣬ģڳ￴ġ
ң㲻ɱˣ
ģúܣ򵥣ĵǸʱζ壿
ֻҪɱˣ˭֪ǲң
ô˵ô˵
ﾺǿʳѡ
Ů˵ĻóͨҲһ˽⣬ֻҪͨʮ㣬ǽȥˣһŵĸ߼ѧԱҵȥ
īʯʥԺǲпᣡ©˵īʯʥԺĸ߲㲻֪ܣīʯʥԺַʽǿߡͨΪпᣬ߼ѧԱҪõõҪһĴۡ
ȻҲīʯʥԺ߲ԣҪõõԴȻҪһķա
ʧеá
лʦҽô࣬ҽг߼ѧԱ
Ů΢Цͷ
ŮӻһЦݺмѧԱܸʶ㡣ʥԺ棬ʦֵܡʦõĳƺһ㶼ʵУԺвٺʦ㣬ᱻЦģӦҺʦֲǡ
ҡͷһЦΪȻʦ㣬Һһʦ㣬Ǹмһ·ָôҺθɣ
ݺ˳һۣҾд󣬺һʦˡ
΢Цõݺ崺磬оλʦܲ򵥡
츳𾪣̸ֹ⣬޲͸¶ߵ
պµµ֮
ݺ뿪󣬳ɶʰ÷䣬Ͷɶ˵ɶ뵽ͨȥ
ɶ˳ͷȥ
á
ɶˣնֱ̤ͨնȥ
һ·ϣǶˣҲīʯʥԺͼѧԱмѧԱĿ⣬ȥЩͼѧԱмѧԱû߼ѧԱʥԺնУ߼ѧԱ侳ߣҲ֪
ɽգǿһһŮ侳ߣǵͣҲֻжʮҡ
һȺмѧԱ棬Ҳͱһ˫ŮҪСġ
ԭΪԼ츳㲻ʮ꣬һΪ侳أмѧԱ棬Ҳ㡭գҲ֪ˣ졣
һʮҵмѧԱۿ˵ӰԶû̾˿Ҳͨȥ

ãһ˫ŮЩֱ꣬ȥˡ
ͬʱīʯʥԺһȺͼѧԱмѧԱҲΪһ˫Ůڡ
Ƕ֪ʥԺ֮УλţʮңͶ侳ߡ
˿ɣˣٹ꣬īʯ۹ʮ󿡽һ
ﵹǲ֪Լɶͨʱôĺ䶯
ۿͨǰɶһͬ£ԿһЩͼѧԱмѧԱͨſڣɫҴҡ
ΰͨʷƾãվǰԸоĲɣϢ
ɶǽȥ
ɶ߽ͨһ㣬ŷ֣ͨУн߲֮ͨ⣬ģһֱͨ쾮
쾮ľͷƣǿֱͨ

ʱ￴һʥԺĸ߼ѧԱ߽ͨվ쾮£ֱն
ɶҲȥɶһЦȻǣ֣ն𣬶Ȼ
豻ץסɶϣֳֺ󣬳ˡ
ס
ڳǰնĸ߼ѧԱһӣʮ塢ӣ¶ȡ
ղţע⵽˳ɶҲɶľɫա
ֻǣҲû뵽һ˫ֻжʮҵŮ侳ߣ
Ҳ߼ѧԱڿ΢΢һЦ
ǰûǣӦǽոսʥԺѧԱɣӼ㣬΢Ц̲סøС
㶼ܿﾪȡ
ӹһЦţǽոսʥԺʥԺˣ᲻֪ǵĴڡʶһ£ҽСչ֡
ɶ
չ֣һʼû̽ǣڳ￴˵ˣֵýύ֮ˡ
ɶչֵ˵ͷֻڳǰԼǰĮ
Ǻø
չɶһۣ΢Цͷ󣬾ջĿ⣬Ҳɶ̬ȣ˳һۣЩĽ˵


138 ׳
չֻ䣬Ըоɶŵ裬΢һ
ʱɶϣֳɬκ졣
ﵭһЦҲûʲôɶģչ֣չ֣չգīʯ۹Ӧòɣ㣬ѵչҵˣ
˳һۣչһЦҲû˵ǣҲû˵ǡ
ն𣬺ܿ죬ͨͨڰʮһ㣬ʮһľŲ㣬ҿ˵ңſڵˮϣȻʾʱ䡣
Щȡ
˳ľȣչֽ͵ʱ侧ڣ߼ѧԱеʱ䣬ʱ䵽ˣҵŻ򿪣ͬʱ뿪
ʱ侧ڵԭʲô
Щ棬һϵʱ侧ڣͺǰĵʱʱǰǿƼ磬磬ûпƼڣʵֵģ
ԭ
չһû뵽ʳ⣺ԭʲôҲ֪˵Ǻйء
ơ
ơ
ЩȱĶ񣬶֮ˣԽԽˡչһ̾
Ҳٶ룬Ĵڣԭ
侧򣬸տʼҲţôһֵˮ򣬿Բʵͣʵǰòš
ǸսʥԺھʮµɣû侳ΪҪϾʮ㡣
չѳͬʱԳͷһЦնֱʮ֮ȥˡ
侳ô
ۿչ뿪ϾʮȥˣǣֵЦݡ
ɶҲȥкɶ
šɶԳƴӣȥģȥġ
ʮ֮µ⣬߼ѧԱ˾ʮϣͿԿ߼ѧԱɢڸǰȴ˳ֻҪſʱ侧ϵʱһҵŻԶ򿪡
ʱˣҪ͵סȴ֮ˡɱȴ֮˵ʵ
ôˣ
һУ̧ͷһͿչھʮ㣬һҵſڣſڵʱ侧ʾʱ䣬ֻʣһӡ
չվΧһˡ
ĿһɨԷ֣ΧһЩ߼ѧԱչʱĿжżּɵЩˣЩġ
չֵʵһ㡣
ﴫص
ţԣҪȥҡչִ˵
Գɶ̤ͣ侳Ҳ侳һأʮ֮ϣͲ侳һ߸ĵط
ס
Ӧܸоչֵĺ⡣
ɶ֣һʱҲһЩ߼ѧԱע⣬ʮҵ侳ߣߵעĿĽ㡣
һʱ䣬һƵĿ⣬ڳϡ
ģɶϣû뵽λŮӲֻ츳˫ǾɫգҲƵǾ˫
ۿǣɶ֣һЩ߼ѧԱУ⸡ֳּʡ
ţͻȻüڿ̽Ϊ
һȥԶһʮҵӣߵɶʱ¶̰֮ɫʱɱ֡
ɱң
ŭ⡣
ɨ﷢֣͸ӵΪҲ˵ӣ侳ϵĴڡ
ߣСӣ츳ҿ̽ҵΪ
̤Цؿ
ۿԷȸ״Ŀƺȿ̽ҵΪɣ
ӹһЦϳ֮ÿǰһƾ͸˼֡
չֿһĻüͷһ壬뿪ڣֻǣſ죬ܿͽסˡ
ϣƥĵ֣׾پƿӵơ
ߣĵƲֻǣΪƾ侳ΪܺҼܱȣﾹҳײЦ
侳ߣͻûô
չִѳҲڼܵĻû뵽ﾹ侳ߡ
ֹ𾪣ΧīʯʥԺ߼ѧԱһĿɿڴʮҵˣ侳ߣ
侳𣿡
￴򼻽ܣЦúܲãҴʮ꣬侳أֵҫ𣿡
Χĸ߼ѧԱΪȻͷһ򼻽ܵĿУż
ܣʮһ꣬侳ء
ˣʮң侳أһ츳īʯʥԺǿˡ
ٸʱ䣬ܲڻ¡
СӣΪҲɱ㣿кڣû뵽ﻹ
ʮ֮ϣûңɱңﵭһЦ

ܴЦСӣ̫ˣɱ㣬Χôˣ˭Ϊ֤
һ䣬Ȼͨʮ֮ϣˮúܣ֮ǰһģһ
ܣΪ֤أ
ʱչֿˣĿ⣬ڼܵϡ
û뵽չֻ֣ɫһչ֣ҿչүķϣƽʱƽϣգҵ£ϣ㲻ҪܣȻҼƣ
չЦ׼ܣȻһе졣
˼һۣչֵ˵ܣЦѡ
ߣ
ۿչַͺһ˷·Ʈ
ΧʥԺ߼ѧԱЩ㵣ʲôʱչô˵ˣ
˵չ˼ܣȻš
չ֣һΪҲ侳أʵڼܡ
ټϣչֺ棬īʯ۹չңչֻ֣չҼӣȴչҼ۰츳չһУֻչ֮¡
īʯʥԺǿչֵĸ߼ѧԱҲҶչΡ
չֵǿ󱳾û˲ɵ
ԣ֪չֵϸһЩ߼ѧԱЩ⣬գչΪ˷
֮£֪̽ңҲ̽㣬㳶ƽˣΣ
ϵ򼻽ܣ·ڸ
пǷˡ
ƽ
ЦˣСӣ֪ˣ㣬̫ˣգҾģߵ˶һúչˣ
˵ţܵĿڳߵɶϣݺ˿ĭ
ͺŮɫ뵽ǵľŮҪŮˣＤѡ
ɶ΢תϷƽ
׳ա
ʱһĮм
ģһ貵µĵ⣬֮еĵƣϯ𣬰˺ѳա
̺Բ΢Ƶĵ⣬ϰ˲ը쵽£һֱڿųչ֣Ҳֻüյʱ⡣
꣡
ѪӼܵĺϽѷ죬Ƽܵĺ
ܵһ˫ͫףɵûԲϢһ𣬺Ȼ¡

ܵʬ壬Ӿʮͨ£ضҪһʱ䡣
ݵʱڣڳīʯʥԺ߼ѧԱĿ⣬˳ϡ
У˸ź⣬һεѪ˳ŵϵѪ䡣
硣
ɶϵķɢȥϣ¶΢Ц
ĸоá


139 Ҷ
䣡
ܵʬ壬ͨʮ֮£ˤ࣬ҲǾʮ֮ϵһȺ߼ѧԱˣҪȻ»ʬ
׳ա
ƽ·ǵĶ߻ص
΢Բ֮ƣ
ڳĸ߼ѧԱ侳ߣ֮Ҳ̤΢磬ղųﵶϱǵĵƣܵеĿ¡
̤΢Բĵƣ
һ˵΢Բ֮ƵˣҲ侳塢ߡ
侳ʱ΢Բ֮ƣ츳Ⱥˡ
侳أ΢Բ֮ƣδšδ
īʯʥԺǿ߼ѧԱīʯ۹ʮ󿡽еλҲ侳ز΢Բ֮ƣͱΪ֮š
ǰʮҵˣǴ˸𺳡
ǿֻǵǿһɲǣ·𱬷˼Ϊµ΢Բƣ侳ߣȴӦʱ䶼ûС
һЩ߼ѧԱоõԼ١
侳Ϊɱ侳أɣ˼
Խ׶ԵУҲûʥԺǿλǳɳĹУԽ׶ԵУսʤ֣ǳ¡
ɾλҲûôֱ̬ӿԽ׶ԵУ
ǿߣ𾴣ټƽʱܵƷզģˣû˵ʲôֻǣڳĸ߼ѧԱٿĿУ˼־η
û뵽㻹ʵСˡѹ֣ղ㴫ֹҰ㣬ܣͲĶ֡
չվھʮĿУųҡͷһ̾
Σҳ顣չһЦ
˵ĶԻΧĸ߼ѧԱȻ֮ǰ֣չôܻڼǰԭһУΪΪĸ߼ѧԱֹչְ
ֱڿӣü
߼ѧԱǣźչ̸Цĳ쬵ģǶʶһˡ
ô£
ʱߴһ۵̤ն£ĶȻǸоˡ
ѦԱûʲô£ңһԲϣɱ˶ѡ
չֿˣ΢΢һЦ
ü֪չΪҪ˵ɱļܣʱĶߣչֵ֪ʵԱһ侳ߣīʯʥԺˮúܣ躹޵Ļ㻹ǵ͵һá
Ȼ֪չ˵ˮʲô˼ܸоչֵĺ⣬ѡ˱ֳĬ
չ֡
ѦԱչһֿۣΧĸ߼ѧԱˣ
ǣչԡ
չǸңȳ֣űչɱ
Ƕˡ

Щ߼ѧԱоչɨĿ⣬׷׿ڡ
չ֣ǿǲ
￴Щ߼ѧԱſڿӣ̾Щ˼ֱ˵Ϲ
ֻǣѦԱʼûʲô仯ı飬ҲʶѦԱ·ֽ֪һ㶼⡣
š
ѦԱ˵ͷĿ⣬ܿڳɶϣЩ죺ѧԱ
߼ѧԱѦԱ
īʯʥԺĽԱǿߣۿѦԱĿ⿴΢΢ͷ
츳úŬ
ѦԱ𾪣汣ƽͷ֮뿪
죬ɱģϣܼס֪˭ഫȥĪչ飡ҵλ֮⣬һʮ߼ѧԱǵӣҶסˡ
չֵĿ⣬ɨ˳ɶ߼ѧԱ
չ֣֪ô
ǰǶģɷģû뵽չ㾹ôɫѡ

ĸ߼ѧԱЩĽؿչһۡ
Գ츳ǿպ֮ˡ
ˡ
ʱչǰű򿪣߳һˡ
չֵ棬˿Цұ׼չȻչˣҾøˡ
չֵͷҪø㣿
ҡͷһЦãԼңȥɡ
չֵͷҲٷϻңʱ侧һչõıչʱ䣬һ¡
մҳģ׼Ѱҵĸ߼ѧԱɶҲЩȣôĸ߼ѧԱҲǵһμ
Ҫǣ˺չֵѡ
ˡ
ǣɶ֣ߵ˼֮ǰȴǰʱûˡ
Χĸ߼ѧԱҲ⽫طҸ
ҵʱ侧ϣʾʣӡ
ճǸ߼ѧԱԭҲע⵽ң񿴵˹ȥüûȥ
ڳĸ߼ѧԱΪ൱ĴڣЩ˶ûһ˫Ůһ˫ŮǺչֹϵ֮ˡ
ӺҵŴ򿪣һ꺺߳꺺ӳź󣬿ҲЩȣȴû׼ʱ侧ϵʱ䣬׼
ңҪˡ
꺺ʱ·һ磬꺺ǰ
꺺ЦˣˣѧԱɣȷҪң
Ϊ侳ߣԼĸ߰
һ츳ʮҵˣңȻҲڶԷȡõĳɾͣΪԷ⡣

ʱ꺺һͷһһˣôׯܣϵϵҲ˵ҲӣʱҪűչ֮Ҿ̤侳ˡ
͸
ׯܷ·Ը˵
ţоˡ
Ҹһᡣ˫ǸֵЦݡ
֪ͨʮϣʮ㵽ʮ֮䣬ѡĸ߼ѧԱһǿҲ侳ء
侳ϵĸ߼ѧԱʮȥˣԪΪԣöˡ
ҲûϾʮ㣬ֻǣҪϾʮһңƾʵԲ
ʱֻɶ֡
Ȼϣɶʲôɶ֮·к档
Ȼղһɱ侳صĸ߼ѧԱܣףôɱܣҪģΪ򲻾õ΢Բơ
ܣ侳ߣ΢֮Զټϣƾ֮ʩչɱֶΣɱܣϡ档
Ȼ侳ߣȫͬˣֻҪ츳㲻ϲ侳ߣ΢Բ֮ƣĴڣûκΰա
ȻԷǴ⣬ܳ䲻⣬ʩչɵͨĻһЩա
ֻǣöԷ⣬ô򵥵ģ
侳֮ˣһ浶ǹ
˳һۣ󣬲ѡ˿
Ҷġ
ʱգһΪ֮ףɲΪһʱ֮Լ
ɶͦģһȥ
￴ɶ΢Ц
ɶ˳ͷš


140 ħ֮
ۿЯǵɶңһȺ߼ѧԱĽѡ
ΪīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱߵȥѵõţߴȱŮˡ
ЩŮˣߵľˣûȣҪȣǳСѼ
ܹһң֤֮Ρ
ΣǿԽԼԷ
Ϊϵ磬Σѵá
֪Щ˵뷨ҡͷһЦ
Ҳ˵ɶξȹɶһ·ػҲֵΣɶϣоĬĬĸκλرĸ
ָóĲóж
ŮӣΣ˭
ɶһ𣬸ĸоȵͼһʱȫȻͬ
һ𣬸ǿ츳ʱ̹Ȼ¸ĸ飬ûκγɡ
ɶ츳Զͺ£һΪ̤侳أ˺һ֮ƣ
һλŮӣ˴Ϊ
ɶµҲжʮգҩЧӦûĲ˰ɣ
棬Ϊ࣬һƽʯ̨ǣɶʯ̨¡
ɶҡͷ磬ɶֻҩ
ɣɻôô
˵ɶ츳յҩԼŶԣԼ˵ɵҩɶȻֻɣ
ѵΪͨ
ɶұԶɶ˵
Ȼɶ֪ΪҪ˵ӳĻʯ̨ϱԶ
ʱɶǸоʲô̧ͷһ
ͳͷһӰ֣۳ͣɶһʱһ㣬ֶ߲£ͳ棺츳ͨ硭ͨӵߣ
ɶգЩʧɫû뵽磬Ȼͨӵߡ
ѵǸˡ
뵽ʲôɶĺ
ܿ죬ʼͷ֣Ԫ͸Լ߲ʹ֣۵Ϊµĳ̶ȣԼڡ
⡭Ҫʥеˡ츳ͨʲôͨ
أɶٶ룬֮Уʣµĵҩ
һһŮԶ
һ̣·㡣
ɶͨʱīʯʥԺйǵĴţڣ۶еĸ߲㣬Ҳ֪Ϣ
һʱ䣬ˣڴ̽˵β飬Ƕ鲻ʲô˷·ƾճֵһ㡣
ֻ֪½ʥԺĸ߼ѧԱʮҡ
츳𾪡
īʯʥԺ棬ѧԱڴܼϴеλ߼ѧԱһ棬ҪǷ紫Ű
壬ħ
ħ⣬һڣһʱ䣬ħٴС
Һͺֵ֮£ħˣ˳˶š
ʮڵħ֮ĵʮŶƶ֮ˣƶĴ󻤷ˣһȺ侳߽׵Ĳƶӡ
ƶ侳أ侳أĴ󻤷侳һء
ĥ㲻𣿡
ĥƶ񣬺С۾˵
ҵǺ棬һ侳ߣƾʲô˵仰ĥЦˣЦúܲã·ЦЦ
ǲУǰҶԣˣҶɱǰħģأΪûǰħǿɣ
˵ԼҶʱһԺ
ߣ󣬱װˣΪҲ֪ǶԶĸˣҪ˵ڿѾˡħͶңҿԷŹһΣĥ˵
ﹷƨ޼ɵ
Ȼһı֤һڣǵħܳ¡
Ŷ
Ȼ֪ţŶ
ûʧ
ô˵ǵħ֮ˣҪ͵ħˣĥЦк˸ϵҲʼ͡
һʱ䣬ħ֮˺Ͳƶ֮ˣš
Ȼҵħ֮ˣѪúѵƶ
ǰһƳǣΪĸºҲ̤侳
֪㣬ħս֮һԸңƶΣĥ˵
£Ҳ˵֪һɶõš
ΪţԶ֮λ
ߣ
һ̬ȣһС
ãá
ĥЦȻҪħȥҾͳȫ㣡ħˣԸ˳Ҳƶģ
ĥһڣħ֮ˣҡͺֵܵһС⣬󲿷˶Щ⶯
ôѵ˶ȥǵĶ䣿
һгǹһݣ˭ұѵħĪ飡
ħ֮˾ԼɵһЩ⶯ˣһս𣬶Ҫһӳȥ
ĥˣĿһ׼֮˶ʱħһУ̤ǰһ˵ħ֮ˣǲԸħҪתͶƶµģ뿪
ңɫ΢䣬ڴ
뵽붴Ĺϵ˿Ҳû

ĿȻɼɵǹȥǸˣ˵ǵħ֮ˣħûУˣǵħҪã磬뿪ҵҪЩˣ˶Ķ䡣
ԣ˿ҵĻЩΪѹȣ뿪ħתͶƶ¡
Ȼһ˫սЩ˿϶ҲӱҪãͰԣ˭뿪ħڱ뿪Ҳ棬˭˶䣬Ҫǡ
һʱ䣬ħ֮У߳ȥˡ
ħУҡͺֵܼ߲㣬ʣµĵħӣҲͽʮˣһӾ߳ȥˣҼ˶оЩ
ЩˣħǳɲţǾ˻رħģ
ʱһ˵ȿ˰ˡ
i£
Ϊ֮뿪ɫ䣬Щš
i½似֣ӵ˲ƶǿߺ棬ԶԶȵֲң˭öһʼƫģ㣬ңҚi£ΪħͣΪ츳Ӳãҹƽ
Уֵܣңжһ𣿶ˣƫģΪλҪΪ
ҿǰһĿƣi£뿪֮£ƺҲֻǼ֪ͨ籨ţ
iЦˣ֪ͨĥġ
ãܺá
վ֮ϣǣi£գڶ


141 ݿ
ħ߲㣬֮£ͺֵܣ˚i¡
գͷɶϣѪi±
iɫѿû뵽ͺֵܼԼƶĥĥ
ĥȻģֻҪڣû㡣
лĥ
iæл˿
ḩ̂ͬʱɱ
ʱĥһȣȶˣΪ侳ߣԵħ֮ˣ޼ɵ
Ŀ⣬ںϣħǿĴڡ

ĥͷ֣ͨ棬𣬽Хƿգ·ܽ˺ѡ
ĥгҲһ
ɫأͷڹֶ䣬˲Ϊһ壬׳ţ¶ĺɫëпǣƺ嫣ӭĥ
ϴ󣬰㣡
ĸֵܣˣĥ
˻ûĥͺͽˣĥһΪϾȺǿһΣһ˺
߰Ľ棬ӰΣĺ
󣡡
ɫһ䣬£һɫĿӰۣԦͨԦڶٶ֮죬ĥ֮¡
ͨ·Ϊٶȶһ㡣
ǹһǹ֣֮ͨУ˸ǹ޼᲻ݵǿƣֱĥ
ֻǣĶվ˷ֺ
˫ͨӵߣ
ĥһۣȥƲֱӺĺ
ħˣɫ䡣
󣡡
˫ɺ죬˿̣ԼʵΪô侳ߣֹĥ
ѵգҪźɱ
ݣ
߿֮ϣɫӡ̺ƣ£ӡ·̺ѹһ֮
ɫӡ£ĥϣĥɳȥѪ
ηˣΪҪҲƶħ֮£
ĥѹڷӿѪ߿ա
Ŀ֮£һλ̤ն䣬ľɷ磬ףüĿɸղŵֶΣ֤ʵĿ¡
˲֪Զӡ׾پͽƶ侳صĥɳȥ
˵òʱĥһǷƳϡ
Ƴϡ
ƶһˣ׷iҲ⡣
iԤУˣʲôˣ
ΪҪºѵֻɺϣ
лɾ˰󹧾ˣ΢΢Ƿ
л
ħߵˣ׷׿ڣˣ˺󣬾͵ħһ顣
΢΢ͷתĥˣ߰ɡ
ĥЩ£ƳϣǺ⣿
ħ㶯á˵ڡ
Ƴϡ
ĥɫһִ֪֮һλߣԶĥܱȡʮȥͶԼڵˣøԤʮ֮£ѵƳΥʮڵԼ
ĥڣڳ֮˲֪˵ݣԭˣڵλߵִϡ
ڳ󲿷ˣִֻ֪֮׵ġѪλִȴ˽⡣
Ƕû뵽ǰһλˣλִ֮һ
Լ
ЦˣԼΣ
ƳϣѵʮΪУ仰ȫĥ֮ԣ˵ڣЩˡ
䣡
̧֣һɫӡӳĥ˼ĥѪ磬⻹ˣҪȻĥɣȴǲ֪ʲôʱʮŶƶĶҲܴʮˣ
о˻صɱ⣬ĥһƳϣ˵ˡ
˵ͺһħδ˸ڣûܶúüסҵĻգҲң㻹һˣͲ֪˶ٻˡ
ĥ֪˿еġˡִָѪҪ֪»ᱻŵõѡ
ۿĥҪȥiڵһеħͽҲȥ
i£
¿ͨ·һ磬ǹ죬һǹ£ֱӚiºģŵÚiɫ䡣
ߣĥձͱ񿴵һ侳һ߸ǰţʱŭ
̧֣汩ǣ֣ͨһˣ
˫ͨɢܷɣɫ԰ס
ǿǶǶȥȡ˿˵
ǣƳϡ
˵ͷ
ݣ
Ȼ߿֮ϣײĺХϮһâХ䣬·ܴӲƶһҳi£͸˚iµĺ
ɲǣi½һ˿ʶϡ߿֮ϣһǣһŮӵ֣̤ն䡣

iµʬ壬Ȼء
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ڸ߿գһһŮӰ֮ϡ

նµӣЦˡЦˣֵܺʣµħӣҲЦˡ
֮ˣǸմӵ۶ϻĳɶ
īʯʥԺͨϱչһ£һ侳Ϊ̣ɶˣһλֻΪѯ͢й֮ǰڵǸūг¡
ʹ֮ɶҪٸϻص۶ȥ
ֻǣó벻ǣɶջͿŭһĻ
i£˵ħ
У׼ǰڵѪϣգ֮ǰħ˿Ѿòˡ
ħʮ˶ܸˡ
š΢΢ͷɫˮ
̧ͷˣλˣҲǵһμЩɣ˼ңʣѪǡ
λִ֮һƳϡ
˸
ԭƳϡ
ȻȻ²һ㣬ǰˣӦѪ֮Уտħ֮ˡ
ƳϣЩҪʮϢ֮󣬳Ƴ
䣬£֮һף쵽¡
һѪâڣƶһУ绢Ⱥ
ǲƶĥͨջͽסˣѪϹֵѷ죬Ȼӿ
ĥƶ侳ߣһ棬
ˡ
е·һŴÿһ£ʹ߼֮䣬ƶʣµ侳ߣħʮͽȫ
ʣµĲƶӣ׷׵ˣ
ˣԸ⳼ħԸЧȮ֮͡
ˣͶ

Щƶӣۿͬһĳ˫ֱܵͷûˣš
Ͷҵħ
ЦˣЩˣܱѲƶ˭ұ֤պ󲻻ᱳѵħ
ɱɱɱ
֮ڣʣµʮƶӣݿɱ
³ǰպùʮ֮ǰ˵һɣʮϢ֮Ƴϣʧˡ

˹һЦ¶貵Ĺ⻪ᣬֶαֲ˹ʵ࿴պ󣬳īʯ۹
ǰˣ̫ྪȣֻ츳ȺһħѪб


142 
ƳϹˡ
ҡͷһЦ
˵λǽô
ЦûУλҪ뿪ħϣƳΪտһʱ䡣
˳һۣ˵˵ͷڿնʧ֮䣬ݶ䣺ҪǵԼĸ¹ȥٰտħ˸¡
˿еġȻָ֪˭
ȥ￴ˣ뿪ĸ£Ҷнû뵽㾹Ȼ̤侳ˡ
ͻƣϡ
ڳӡ츳Ȼô̵ʱ̤侳˵̫ܣѵʲô
ҿҲܸˣүǰĵڶͨ
ڶͨ
һĵһͨǹͨڶͨʲô
ͬʱȻˣľ˵ڶͨʱͻƵ侳ҲͲϡˡ
˫ͨӵߣž޵Ĵڡ
ҲûϻӰ۳ͣһƥɫĿӰ磬ٶȼΪ£Ӱ̺ΪѸķ֮ơ
ȣ
أбǹݡ
󣬴ʱһףнķɡ
гá
Щʧ
һʱ䣬ħ˶Ƕû뵽˶ôߡ
лΪҵڶͨӽ㣬ǳͨ
ͷһµĿӰȻڡ
λǡ
ҿ˳һʤѩɶɶò𾪣ȴҶ࿴˼ˡ
ɶЦŽܡ
ħˣղžͱɶò𺳣ֻǣۿŮվڶߣǲҶ࿴һۣŮ붴ǣһ֪ǶŮˡ
ԭɶ
Ҷɶ
ɶֵ֮µĵħˣҲɶ
ˣöˣλҪҪ͢һЩ£ϾҪ뿪ۿɶһȺǰЩ˵
һʱ䣬˶͢
ʲôҪԸ͢
͢վ˳ʡ
ܺ͢ãû㡣
͢һۣ͢ħģղŵħѵǰ͢û뿪֤Ϊˡ
˵ЦˣǶģһԸΪħ
͢Ȼ
ˣ͢£лҪ㡣壬Ȼȥɣʹ֮͢󣬱뿪
к͢һֶҵ˵ҵ˹Ӧ뿪
͢۶ūг
￪ڵͬʱ͢һۣ͢ľȺãʱף֪͢Щ
Ҳ֪͢Ц
λҪ㣬ǰڵūгĴɻǵãû´ӦǱūгչģƷ
ȻǵáڵǸūгھӿĹ㳡ūг棬һӵĵӺᵶݡ
ǹ㳡ūгһ񣿡
ȷϣģֻһūгռµūг
ĵ£Ƿˡ
ռңīʯ۹Ķ壬īʯ۹еĵλͬڣ֮У˵е侳ǿһȻֻ˵ľս
񣬳Ҫģôһƿصūгţȳ
ռң
ȥɣ˵һ뿪ˣһ
͢˵һȻǣɶ裬̤ն뿪壬īʯ۹۶ȥ
λҪĿľǴ͢е֪ţڵūгĿĴﵽҲûص۶ȥˣص۶ٴӳ顣
ֻһʱ䣬ص˵۶
һʱ䣬ﶼڵйռƿصǸūгɺܿͷ֣ƾԼȥ飬鲻ʲôõĶ
ң
īʯʥԺ߳ԼӸۡչ֣Щȡ
ߣѵûλǵŮӡ
չ֣мæչ˵
˵չ֣Ҳ㲻죬֮䣬Ϊǰͨ£Ҳǿѡ
˵չкǰԺ
ǰԺУչԶչֿڣ˵ɣʲôҪҰæֻҪҰõƴǡ
л
лչ֣ſڣһѵֳΪһսңռҵūгǰʱ䣬֪īʯ۹ۣҪֳȳ
չüռңӦȥռҵūг˰ɣʲô֣
˵λѵֳҲЩ츳Ҳ²⣬ֳܱȦȴʱ죬Żᱻ
չֵͷҵ֪۶ūгĸūгһԼĵΣרūû´ѵֳӦǱռūгˣռҵĵС
Σ
˫һһչ֣ǶԵġ
ֻǣչһ仰һˮ£˳飺ռҵĵΣΪΣҲ˵ܲҵҵҪˣҲѡأ£侳ߡصĴڡ
侳ߡأ
ò˵չ仰ֻʣº⡣
侳أĶУһ֮һ֮侳أһ㶼Ƕе档
ռҵĵΣȻλôǿĴأ
ţӦǱ
˵ռҵ˽䱸ɭϣＸȷţͱ
£Ϊֻܸ˵ֻܵȣȵռūгֳԪʯ¡չֽ
üͷ𣺡һ취ûУҾ͵ģѵֳǸƢˣڵξˣ᲻ᱻĥðȥ
չֹһЦڳﲻͬʱ˵ȷѵֳ츳ǱڵΣͿԷˡ۶ūгĵΣ֮ΪūҲΪūֻĥøɻÿٷ˶о⣬ÿһʱ䣬ԪʯŸ
⻹ū
ЩֱȵһЩŵŵˣһ쵽ʹ⣬ʲô¶øɡ
ҲĪڴˡ
ܰҴռҵĵεڣչ֡
չɫأҪ˼ôεˣʷϣûһģοռҵĵΡ
ҡͷһЦԳȥˣȥҲǱ²УֻǺ档
ôһ˵չ˿֪Ļҿ԰ȥãʶռҵһӵܣգȥʡ
л
æлŸ뿪


143 þ
뿪չֵס̫Ѩļ֣Ԥϡ
ڣֻеչֵϢܾһôˡ
һչ֣ҲǾ˼ǵģҲչֻԼ
֪ͬΪīʯ۹۶󶥼壬չڵչҺռԸϾ֮ǣ澺̫ˡ
㲻һ㣬ƾϴһ֮Եչֵʱǰ㻤֤չˣЩˣദãݵദ֪ģ֮Щˣദپã˽ҪͷһὫһʣ
ħѵĚiµˣеڣʯϵĴ󲿷ŵӣúһΡ
磬ȥˣ
ɶϣֳ
ɶôˣ﷢˲ԡ
磬ǲɶ㷳ˣڳȥɶˡɶų۾ĵ
ôأɶ롣ҡͷЦ
Сӣ̫ˣԼ뿪һͿʼˡ
Σռūг£ﲻϣɶ֣Ȼɶʵǿռ֮Уɶǿ߱ȱȽǣϣɶС
ңʱҲûʲô취
ǵΣӲ·һȻȳţȴҲɷȮ¡
ɶҾſתһȦûԶԶȥһȥߣ
΢Цʡ
ɶͷɶţīʯʥԺĴй
·ϣżܿһЩīʯʥԺѧԱмѧԱҲеͼѧԱ
ЩīʯʥԺѧԱǾһĿ¶죬һЩˣϳǣ۷׷ףǳ
û뵽ﳤӣһΪͷء
ߵŮӣĺ
֮Ĳ࣬ôôأһôһŮ飬źˡ
ˡ

һһŮ߹˽ڡ
ﻹãĿԪһ·ҲˣֻǣɶЩϰߣϸĵĳ΢΢һЦɶǻȥɡ
š
ɶɵͷ
ǳ
ڳɶתʱ߿֮ϣһݶ䣬óʶ̧ͷȥŷ֣֪ʱһ˳ڿУ󣬻һλˡ
ɨһۣûǣɶ裬ȥ·ȥ
㻰أ
߿֮ϣĿ֮£ӵˣɫѿ
˭֪ͷ̧ȫ
ΧĳѧԱмѧԱ˵ĿУż˭
ϵīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱճɣ۶һռϵӵܣ귽ʮ꣬һΪ侳ء
ҳʲôѵ
֪


䣬ճɴ˽ڳ˵ȥ·֮ϡ
ţ
ܿ죬ճɵĿͱߵɶҲƲƽŮ˾ɫǵһμһʱ䣬궯ޱȵռ
һɨճɣͺȡ

ճɵĿ⣬ɶƿ촽ǶսһΣʤʲôҪҶ㣬ܣ㽫ŮøңΣ
ճ֮ǰͲ˳һЩ£Ȼûܲ鵽ɳߵŮӣӵݽģ֪ġ
գʶʶīʯʥԺš
˭֪һۣͱߵŮסˣ԰Ρ
ɫ˵ʲôԵǷ蹷УɶֻоһŻʱըһ˫ճɣ֣˵һΣ
ߣ˵һΣҸ˵ǶսһŮġţ
ճɻû˵꣬ͷֳϾ˵ĵƳ𣬳ǰһ͵˵ǰӦ
һ貵µ⣬̺ŷƥĿµƣХϢ
ûüһ侳ߣ˿µʵ͵ǰԼ⡣
ݣ
ճ˶ˣһ˳һ
ֻǣҲùɫףǵӾâ˸һ侳ߣܱزԷʲô
һʱ䣬ԤУˣɲŵָǺεȿ£
ү˵ռҵˣֻռϵӵܶѣȻ츳ҲܵϵӣүռҶҪɵţռһһʱү
ڣЩڣղôûȥүҳ硣
ϼһ
Լճ֮ˣɫһɱ˸Уɵͨʼ֡
ղŽ棬˵ĵϸ̽Ӧǳ侳ûã΢֮ƣһЩԲ
ƾɵͨаսɱ
磡
ʱߵɶˣ·ܽᡣ
ɶɲǣȻХճɺߵ˽档
һʱ䣬ճɺɫ䣬ƾһֶΣ뿪⺮γɵֻǣʩΪǻ츳ͨ޷ƿĺ硣
ճˣʶԭУǿĲǳλŮһòľˡ
һ䣬̬ǧУÿһУ˺ա
һĻòԶһȺīʯʥԺѧԱмѧԱĿɿڴû뵽òǵŮӣ˿µʵ
ճɣôҲ侳ߣߵӺǿŮ£ûκεֿ֮
㲻ɱңɱңռҲŹģ
ճɵ͸ΧķУݶҪвɶɶʲôռңȫûʲô˪
ռң
ɫһſˣռҵˣ
ͷɱķУȻ£޾ķУճɺߵϣǳɡ
һʱ䣬Ѫ⣬ŷеϯɣĲҽ쳹ɲǣֳ
һ侳ߣһ侳ߣת۾ͱɱ
һʤѩɶɶͺ·þ˵Ů߹
Ŀ⸴ӣȴҲû˵ʲô
Ȼ˶ɱˣǱɱˣٶҲã֮Ҫӳ飬αܹһĽѡ
磬ǻȥɡ
ɶϵıϢתۼһˣųĸ첲΢ЦԳ˵
á
΢ЦͷɶߣֻصѪȳޱȡ
ǳҲû뵽ռ֮ľƺԽԽˡ
īʯʥԺһЩѧԱ̲סԵĶ˳ôѪȵһĻƽһμ
ճɣôɱˣ
ΧĳѧԺмѧԱ̲ס룬ɱռҵˣֻһϵӵܣȴҲռҶ棬ռһưո
£ƱػռҺīʯʥԺĽ档
īʯʥԺὫͳȥ
һ㣬ڳмѧԱ͵ͼѧԱԼ֪Ϣĸ߼ѧԱ̲ס롣


144 մ
ɶջûãɶɱճɺճӵϢʹīʯʥԺ
һ̣˲ʶսʥԺһ˫Ů֮УλɵŮӣµģ
ճɣīʯʥԺҲǸˣֻռϵӵܣΪһ츳ȺС͵õռҵϵӣûռҵҲڶʮʱӵһ侳صʵ
ռң֪£ưոݡ
īʯʥԺѧԱ뷨

չû뵽ǰŸռūгε£ߵŮӾֳô£ճɺճɵɱˡ
ճɣ侳أɱ֡
ճɵӣ侳ߣ
ĿõѧԱ˵ߵŮӣƾת˲֮䣬ͽճŰɱ
ʶԭһֱ˳ߵľˣŮӣ˿£
׾Űɱչֵӣ侳ߣŮӵʵ侳ء
չʱɶ׼뿪ε£ﲻҿ϶īʯʥԺǲǻΪˣռҶԿҪΨпԼʵڵġ
չ֡
չֵͷչţҲȡ
뿪ɣϢڿѾռ˵Ķˡչ˵Ҳ޳ɳ뿪
磬Բ𣬶ɶĴ
ˣɶû㣬ҲȷʵǸҳ֣ҲδػһЦһνӡ
˺չһ𣬸ճţͿվŵˡ
㣬˼ҡ
ˣЩȣλˣǱˣǰīʯʥԺˣʱǸһġ
Ժˡ
չֿˣĿ΢
ԺһɶҲ̲סĿˣȻǸԺ
չֳ֮ΪԺ֮ˣбˣīʯʥԺĸԺ
ԺˣճɵΪˣҲţ£ǳɶ⣬ԣ븱Ժˣ׼Ƕ뿪ݱܷͷչԺ
չ֡
չһۣ˵ϸֳǵģһὫ͸ռң
չֲҡչֵͷ
ǰλˣīʯʥԺԺأȻīʯʥԺһʱ䣬û͸ĵϸ
뿪£һ
ֿˣرɶһۣǸֵЦīʯʥԺԺû˸ҰռǿīʯʥԺȴҲ塣
ǸŮˣ
ʱһ˵ŭīʯʥԺϿմмŭ
չ֡ɶŹֵؿϵЦ̣ˣֱڴ
˽һգڿնкˣ
ߡ
ǣɶ֣նβ渱Ժȥ
չҲȥ
ܿ죬һ׳˶ӰնڳＸ˵ǰչֵͺռүմմһç򣬹ȥҾţճռڵõ˵ϵһص࣬մһֻǣû뵽մˡ
ԡ
ü֣մݼ䲪Ȼŭ˶һ㣺մճɵʲôϵ
ռү磬īʯʥԺҫ֮أ
˵նմš
ڳͬʱīʯʥԺһӰƿնīʯʥԺĸλԱ
ЩԱһⶼС߽ǿߣվ࣬ڡ
մһߣԵ΢
ϾīʯʥԺĵ̡
ĸԺգռӵ޹īʯʥԺðīʯʥԺֻϣܽɱ֣ǵҵ棬ɱմ֮䣬Ŀ˳ߵɶϣһۣȷ
ɱ֡
ΪյϢ˽ճɣǱһòɫǵŮɱ
ߣ
մĿ⣬ɫһɶմţη塣
ӦþǳˣȻ˻գһȥɣ
մЦһȭµεȭӡŷ·ڵȭƣֱӳ
ɫһ䣬ȭӡ̺֮еȭƣԴĵ׸еѹ֣
⣬侳ϵߵ
˺һ֮Ƶ
ɫһմǰֻ֣һ̧֣ᰴ£֮ӿ˲佫մȭӡ飬մ˼մ浱īʯʥԺˣ
մˣ𶯣иּɵ
˵īʯʥԺϼһﲻ򵥣ճ֣ȻˣϼһҲ̤侳ء
ֻ侳ضѡ
ĸԺ̣ǷЩˣգƺռɣմɫͺһ

˵ͺһһ£մɫɷס
Ļ
մ˺ҽգǴռҶ㣬ѵīʯʥԺռ棿֮£ΣҲҪռһȻغռ棬ռҾưոݣ
ռҶ
ĻЦմҪռңԹҾͲţ⡣
죬ռҵҲմĴ硣
մɫһȷʵû⣬˽֮٣Ҳ֪ճ˽ӡ
ղ˵ôֻ࣬ռѹϼһ֣û뵽ϼһʶˡ
ȻʶƣҲ˺ˣĻīʯʥԺ֮ˣɱռӵܡճɡ£ܵи˵ɣ
Ҫ˵𣿺ãҸ˵
ĻһԱ¦٣ǵүճ֮µȥ
ǣԺˡ
¦ٹͷ̧ͷմүճɵҿ֤ǹƽ֮սīʯʥԺйأѧԱ֮䣬Խ֮սǱнԱ֤ң¦٣һս֤ĽԱ
մɫ䣬ЩЪ˹أһأһ֮սճɵӱɱô˵
¦ٵ˵ճӱɱȡ֮սīʯʥԺĹأɱ
ããã
մһ˵̧֣ͷɶգīʯʥԺǣҶǣմڴģһǸۡһͲţһӶīʯʥԺ£û꣬ݣ
һЯ޾ŭմ뿪īʯʥԺ
մ
ĻüҲоմճ֮Ĺϵûô򵥡
лԺˣл¦Ա
û뵽Ϊ˻סɶĻȻϧѣ¦ԱһϷ
Σ£㴫ȥҲɶռ
ǿռңҲ޴ӷ
īʯʥԺ棬ĻԺƶ
ȻҲʶĻ˻Լɶ˵ûκĿģԲ᲻š
̲סϴھ¥˵ģйʲôɹ¡
ѵ


145 
մ뿪ǰŸԺĻ˵һݻ޼ɵ˲ݵľġ
һУڳ˶ʶȥճɣմ֮Ĺϵûô򵥡
ճɵ£īʯʥԺѹ£ռҲ޻˵ֻǣռүմһçղżȻҵҵ˵ݻҲ˵õõģǻӼĺã룬īʯʥԺҷ
ԺĻ˵
ǣԺˡ
ͷ
ɢ˰ɡĻһ£ΧīʯʥԺԱɢȥ뿪֮ǰ˳ͳߵɶһۣˣעɶ϶һ
λʮҵŮӣɱճ侳صӣ
츳Ȼš
һ䣬ҲˣúɣǻܰʥԺæ
˳һۣĿɨߵɶĻϳ޷Զ·һ磬ʧӰ١
Ժ˺øΪ
ﾪȣĻټ˿͸
˵Ժ˶ǰ侳ˡչЦ
侳ߡ
̲ס𣬵Ŵ֮ʱҲۼ侳֣߳һˣѪħŵǸˣһˣŵһǿߣ顣
ֻϧһսѪħźͰ֣ǿ߾ʦҲˡ
ղŸԺ˵ûһҪСմգմЩʧ̬һ£֮ڣдţռүմʱ竷ݣ֪˶ŮˣҶЩɣճɺܿ˽ӡ
˽ӣϲ̨棬ڰ
չֵĻΪȻԺ˶һմҲճɺմ֮Ĺϵ򵥡
ģһСġͷչֵĹģһů
ҴӦ£һᾡ𸴡
һչ־뿪ˡ
ɶȥͨ
ǣɶ֣ͨӶȥһ˫ӣǰδеļᶨ
գմīʯʥԺͱˣҪɱɶΪǿʵǿռΪ
մ֮ûܵóѣΪīʯʥԺԺĻ棬ȫɶ
Ļһ֮ɶ϶Ӳ˽١
Ļǣݳ²⣬ȻҲԭɶĴڣӦܸīʯʥԺֵҪȻĻΪ˴ǣռүմַ
մǴռҶݰʲôһռΪ
գĻѹմȴҲ潫մΡ
ҲʩС͡
磬ǿΪϣΨԼ˸һеܿԼˡ
ʵҪʵ
·һֻݷҰ˶ɡ
ɶ˵ͨնֱ˾ʮ㡣
ɶʮ֮ϵ
￴ɶ
ɶͷܸоǿľġ
΢Բ֮Ƶĸ߼ѧԱˣ֣Ӧ
֪ˣ硣
ˣҲīʯʥԺˣʮһЩյͨĸ߼ѧԱĿ⸴ӵؿһۡ
ʱ˿̣ԵϾʮĶˣû˻ǵʵ
ϻճɵӣ侳ߣ˲乤򣬾ͱŮĨɱˣ˱뺷ǿߣʮϵǺѰô
ʮ֮ϣϡϡ߼ѧԱȴһԡ
ˡ
ܿ죬ͷ֣һſڵʱ侧ϣʣ²һӵʱ䡣
һЩңеڻһʱڵȴˡ
ңȻû˵ȣ
ʶˣ²򵥣̧ͷԶһ߼ѧԱλʦ֣֮ˣѵǽԱɣ
Ȼᣬ߼ѧԱȴҲҵǡ
ˣѵʥԺ֮Уǿλ
īʯʥԺѧԱУǿˣﵹţˣīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵĴڣʮ꣬һΪ벽侳أһ侳ߣԶǵĶ֡
ǡ
ǣ
һ˭
߼ѧԱصǸĵܵܣơ

ĿһݣīʯʥԺѧԱǿˣīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һˣǽи
ԭˣǸĵܵܡ
ǿ𣿡ﵭʵ
侳أ΢֮Բ߼ѧԱʵ˵
ͷ
ɶҲû뿪͵ȴǰһʱ䣬ʮ֮ϵĸ߼ѧԱĿ⼸˳˵ϣλ߼ѧԱĶԻҲˡ
˶棬ҵʱ䵽ĸƣ뿪أǻ
뿪ҲûʲôǷأ
Ȼһ
ƣɲճɵǸܱȵģ΢Բ֮Ƶ侳ߡ
ɶһҪ֪Ѷ˾ǣֻҪ̫֣Ī
ɶ֣ǲأﴫɶ
ɶ΢΢ͷ
ҲˣȥЩ̰ɣܾɶ־ͻܵӰ죬һճͱɶɱ£ʶɶͺһ빲
־ҪǿԼ˵һɶͻΡ
ֻҪȫɶǱˡ
ͨʮϵңãҪΪΨнЩ档
ڣҵű򿪡
һչµˣ̤նǸơ
ƿĳʱĿ΢ɶòλʦãγƺ
ɶһ䵭
˱뿪ңҪˡ
֪أԵĿ⿴ɶЩˬĿ𣬵˵
ǳ
ƲؽĿתڳϣʱ̲סǰһεıչ֮ǰŹйīʯʥԺλѧԱ¡
˵λѧԱһһŮжʮҡ
ҪǣǶǸ߼ѧԱ
ʮң̤侳˵츳ǿ縶ʱҲûȡĳɾ͡
ͷ
˵㣬ֻǣƺӦĵطɣЦˣü֮䣬żֲм
ڸƿﶥҲ侳һصߣϾͰ
츳䲻ȴûɳԶĶ֡
ǲҸĵطģǲ뿪Ҫ㾺ﵭƳ˸һۣ˵
ұʹأֻǣңøʦãС
ƿɶһۣɶû̲סЩŭ
ȥֻҪһ񣬾ŮȻЩӹ֬׷ۣ޷ǰŮȵġ
ֻǣŮӵܴ
ڣŮӿˣϸոֵЦݣŮӵĻɲǼˡ


146 Լս
ңҪˣ磬ǽȥɡ
ɶ֣ס˳ĸ첲ǳǳһЦĶˡ
ʼգɶûһۣ·ֻгһˡ
á΢Цͷɶһ
ߣҸıˣңҪá
ڳǰû뵽ߵŮ߳ŭ

ɶһ֮УХµķƣϯ𣬷·̺
Ϊһķƣֶ£Ƶѹƣ
ת˲֮䣬ͽ˼ø𶯣ɫɷס
˺һ֮ƣ
ɫ䣬ŵؿǰŮӡ
ǰŮӣ൱侳أȻʩչ̺ɱ֮ķƣȴڣ˺һ֮ơ
磬ƣҲֻǰ벽˺һϵĳɾͣȲǰŮӡ
˺һ֮ƣ
ʮϵ߼ѧԱˣǶ侳ߣȻҲŮʩչķƾ硣
ʮҵŮӣķƣ˺һ֮ƣ
ɣ
˸һۣ˵
ɫǺ죬߳ŭ
˵ʲôɫһ

ɶ˶ٴֶ£û˿ֱɳȥ³˼Ѫҡҡ׹ܵش
κˣ硣
Ƽɵɨɶһۣʱ˿̣Ůӳû˼
ʲôЦ˺һ֮Ƶ侳ߣֻҪʱ䣬ܳΪ侳ϵǿߣպ󣬱˵縶Ҳδܼ
øƾʹ뿪ȻģǺѪЦһԭǸֻŮ˺С㣬ɸһս
𣿡
̤ǰһĿ䡣
ɶʱƾ̽ɶΪ֪ɶ侳ߣֻ侳ߣˣҲ˵ⷬ
侳أ϶ѣˣһ㡣
˫ۣм
㵱ǣҿԳȫ㡭ҵҪ˵㣬ǰļܣǿ϶١̤ǰһϵĿ絶ɨơ
ܣ
һǰֻǣ˿У˵չɱҲûϡ
ô˵𼸷ּɵ
תһ룬ȻˣЦ㼻ܲչɱģҲߵŮɱģƾСɱܣ
Цˣٶ˵֣ɰ˲㣬֣֮
һ̤·ƾʧԭأٴγ֣ڸǰ
У£ҹ¹⣬ֶ䣬޿ײ룬΢Բĵƣš
΢Բ
ɫƾ֮һ£𶯣΢Բӭ˳һ
ֻϧΪɶشִټûȫʢʱڵɡ
ƣ׾پͱһ飬ۿһǰ˸ĵ⣬ø޾Ļ⡣
ǰС
侳أ΢Բƣ츳ţҪǣϱǵչֳĿ˿侳ߵ
ȫʢʱڣʤ
˵ǳĶ֡
Ҫ𣿡
ЩģûˣôĶ֣ǻƽȮۣ
ɢ
ʱһĮͨߴֹǸѦԱٴγ֣һ֣Ĺ⣬˸һ
ѦԱ
￴նˣĿһ䣺븶һսƺʥԺ֮аɣΪҪ
ѦԱ˳һۣˣӮˣҲʡ
Ц
ЦѦԱҳ֣ԼԸǸ˵ˣǰҲֻϣ׾پҡ֣Ƿ̫ʣ
ѦԱƣƣҪͳң
ҡͷΪɵ
ղƣΪΪֻͨ侳ߣô֪ô̬
ȫʢʱڣȻҪܳѡ
Ҳ˵ˣңˡѦԱ˵
ѦԱһۣ￴ѦԱڿⱣơ
ΪīʯʥԺǿѧԱ֮һĵܵܣīʯʥԺҲЩȨġ
ҳϣСˣ滹һսԣ˺ãһս
ƿ⣬ղŲͽɱˡ
ȸ˺ãҿһսļ֤ˡѦԱҲͷ
ѦԱ븶һսҲ֤ˣãƽЦ
˿ѦԱӣֱӷԹı˽
ѦԱɫѿĪΪԺ˿㣬ͿԶײҡ
ײ
һЦѦԱڶײ㣬ҾǶײˣΣ
ѦԱĿһƳ죺ΪҲҶ㣿
ߣ
ɶվǰһһͺһ
˺һ֣ɱ֮ϢѦԱѹѦԱɫһס
ѦԱ¶ɵ֮ɫ侳ߣ΢Բ֮ƣɶ˺һ֮ƣȴδ˿ͷ
ǰŮӣֻ侳ߣ˺һ֮ƣʲǶ֡
ҳ֣
ɶĮ
ѦԱ˿ŮӵĻ˿һ𣬿ƣƣߣ
һʱ䣬ڳĸ߼ѧԱĿɿڴǶû뵽īʯʥԺѧԱ֮Уλ⣬סīʯʥԺĽԱ
Ůӣ濴һ㣬ֻжʮͣ
ǰһĻǸоЩ췽ҹ̷
ȵȡ
ʱֿˡ
ѦԱɫһգǶѼˣ¸ƣȻ˽ģܹ꣬ƴ縶Ķݣգ¸ƣҲ֮С
ͱˣƫƫֲãޱȡ
ҪΣƷ֣ĿԼϡ
ºӦúˣʱ븱Ժ֤ˣңս㸶ƣһս㣬ƣɸӦս
ŸƣȻڣķԾ
ڳĶīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱ۹ղų֣ǵȻҲˣǸȱߵŮˣȻǸƵĶ֡
ﾹսºһսһս
ѵΪܻ˵ĸƣվܻȬȫʢʱڵĸƣ
ڳĸ߼ѧԱóʢ̫Դ
Լһսº󣿡
Цˡ
㣬ƣɸӦսʡ
ãңƣӦսºøԺ֤ˣңһսݣ
һЦȻڣ·һ㣬̺ͨ
ͨΧֻҪûīʯʥԺѧԱ仰


147 ת
º󣬸ơԺΪ֤һս
ͨһЩīʯʥԺѧԱиͨѧԱ׷׶ԭأΣǲŷӦ˹һĿ¶⡣
īʯʥԺ㣬ź磬ӶīʯʥԺֳ󶯾
ƣīʯʥԺǿ֮һ׵ܵܣһΪ侳أ΢Բ֮ơ
Ȼ֪֮䣬׷ʲôͻ룬֪ºīʯʥԺ֮УһϷɿ
ϣʱͷڹꡣ
ЦһѦԱȥ
ŸƵıӰﵭһЦûٶ˵ʲôǣɶ裬ҡ
ͨõңоԪŨ̶ȣڱϴεǸҪŨһ
磬ʵҪɶ԰ġ
ɶգգ۾Գ˵
ɶ븶֮£ͲùˡҡͷһЦ
磬а𣿡
İɣ粻ԼЦЦһνӡ
գ븶ʲôǸƱɶʱͶ֪Ѷˣ͸֮䣬κιϸȻȴסţƺҪϣһһɶ¶һ㡣
ȻҲ֪Լ֮ѹƣΪƱɶˣȫʢʱڵĸƣڵǶ֡
븶Լºһս֮ʵд㡣
ҪԸΪĿ꣬ºһսΪѹȡͻƣҵʱ䣬£º󣬳أ뿪ң
ڣɶԶ߲ͨ⣬ֶ¡
£һ˲·㣬㣬ַ·ֻһ˲
͸ԼºһսϢܿʹīʯʥԺ£еõϢˣԻȻ
һ
չϢĿ⸴ޱȡ
Ȼ֪ʵʤû뵽ﾹ͸ԼºһսƵʵ֪ģ侳أ΢Բ֮ơ
ռҸۡ
һƫƧĸиڣ޸˼޳ˣүɶӰѵ£ôˣ
մɫīʯʥԺǸϼһﻤô죿
ռүλѵռһīʯʥԺ
ߣһ鸾ˣʲô
մĿ˸ˣȥɡ
ү˷·˵ʲô
ʲôѷ˷ȥһɨߵѾߣմͺһ
ѾɫɷףæŸ뿪ˡ
žв豭ˤ飬մɫ
īʯʥԺīʯ۹λ⣬ǧ˿ƵĹϵ˵մһ˽ӣմӣռҲǰ
գǰīʯʥԺҪˣȥڣҲΪԼռ
˭֪īʯʥԺԺĻΪ˻סһһŮڵ˵ɰ׵ģģҲ֪īʯʥԺֻҪλصԺû֣ĻԺīʯʥԺĸˣīʯʥԺĻǹء
Ļ
մк˸Ĵ㣬᲻֪ǸŮīʯʥԺȥɹĵӵѡΰɣһƫƫͲԸֻҪҵᣬҶͳɱˮһգ
մϥ£Ӳ٣۰ģճ˽ӡ
Ϊճж츳ߵģʱ䣬һᣬճɻռҵϵڡ
˭֪ڵǰϦճɾͱɱˣҲȥճɵҲɱˡ
һ̫ͻȻֲգǷŭ
ЩڣΪҪ̰ͼīʯʥԺͨԴճɽīʯʥԺҪȻճҲ
ɱҶ˭Ҫۡ
մĿ䣬ˮ
ʱ䣬īʯʥԺһϢմĿ
Լսīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һ֮ܣºһսīʯʥԺԺĻ֤
մסˣ뿪ռҡ
ҹ۶һݻľ¥¥õİڣմ·ڵȴʲôˡ
ᣬλüã̧ͷͿϡĲ񷣬ܿ죬һϵ洫үˡ

մϼЦݣ֪ճɵѶһЦЦЩŹ֡
ү
ܿ죬δɫ԰׵ĸƣ˽մд£
մռүڸûʲôֻһ츳īʯʥԺո¶ͷǵ߶ԣǲ˵Ĵ
ܵռүΣһ컯
ү˽ҹӦΪ˳°ɣմһۣżɽ
˵ֵܣһ˫ܣһȻǲͬ졣Ȼôˬ죬ҲͲĨǣϣº󣬳Ĩɱ
մУ
һΪʲô£үֻ£ɷģǳһҵͷޣºһսҶὫʬΣ
У׹˸мżּޡ
ɲһմҡͷһЦ·Ϊܽɱ
ţüүΪ˵
ƣ֪ʵǿҲ֪ðģ侳أսֲ˹ѵȷʱ䣬ͻƣͻƵ侳أ㻹𣿡մʡ
ƳĬˡ
Ȼˣڳĳ֣ʵ֪ģǳºһսʱɹͻƵ侳أûκΰա
Ȼս֣ͳﶼû츳ͨףԳ츳츳ͨ
ټϳֶΣ𾪣侳ص侳ǿȵš
ͻƵ侳أʵ
£ӦòͻưɡưοԼ
ڣմЦˣǻһˣڣһʮңһΪ侳أīʯʥԺõԴãʲôģ
үָ㡣ƿմϿҵ
ףմԼôֻļ仰
մ뻳ӻȡµĺӣϡ
ǡ
һ
תմֱӿڡ
ת
ɫ䣬Щү㲻ǿЦɣǴУҩЧͬȴκθõġת֪īʯ۹УƺûʦƳתɣ
մһЦ㵹мʶתīʯ۹ʦƣǰǰ³۹ʱԵɺãöתһöƷԪʯ
һöƷԪʯ
Щľˡ
Ҳתֱм֮īʯ۹ԲֹĵһöƷԪʯô򵥡
үǡ
ƸоմתȡҪ¡


148 
Ԫ紦һѸޱȵӰ·һƳߣĪˣӰΡ
ܿ죬˾ͽԪ
Ԫʳǣһ¡
ʥԺôûˣ
üͷ𣬼ʥԺУǽԱѧԱһˣտޱȡ
ѪħźͺϻڵѾˡߵˣ˵
ʥԺҲԨԴû뵽˽ѣϧˡ
һ̾뿪˻ʳǣնϱ߷ɳ۶ȥ

Яһλˣ糾Ͷ˶ע
ܿ죬ϳӣⲻǴү𣿡
Ǵүүˣ
Ǵү磡

Զ飬ϣѵ¶Цݡ
ܿ죬˶Ҹۡҽʣļʱסˣ壬Ҵأ
ΪĳϵӵЦˣүջ֪ɣǳݳǵĴˣңһǰҲΪأǳңǳߵĲҵҸ𡣡

ⶼô£
üͷһ壬о˼顣
ǳңƫһôͳΪݳǵĴˣ
ԪҲΪ
үⶼүĹ͡Ц
ҵܣЩȡ
ǳҴүү׵ܵܣ
ǰүĹͣţؼҺ󣬾һ֮ݳϼҸ߲ȫɱǳݳǣϼȡ֮ΪݳǵĴ塣үʱһԺ
ţ
ɫһĿ罣ȻҲΪܵܳеԺ˵ܾţȻŭ⡣
֪ڻ˶ԴĵܵܣӦڣܴܵ͵᰽ȥ
ǰʲôڵĴϷ٣Ǳڷүģү䱻ڣɶȴûʲôޣ޵ֻˡ
ΪϵеٮٮߣһЩ£ҲҲ֪ϸ

Ŀһҵôϵ
ϻڵˣԼܵܲʲôϵŶԡ
ҡͷҾͲ֪ˣүȥݳʼ֪ñȽ϶ࡣ
ţ㵽ݳȥ壬ЩԪʯţ°빦
̧֣ƾճʮöƷԪʯݸţڳŻûӦ֮ǰͺڿն뿪ˣݳǷȥ
Ԫʯ˵еԪʯ
ЩߵӵĿʱʱͺȵȥȥǴүʹҵģٴ⣡
壬үղŷˡ
ʱһصĳӵܣѵ
ɣ
ŷӦҵѽүɣ񡭡ֻд˵е侳ǿߣ֮аɣҵĹԹԣүΪ侳ǿˣ
˵侳ǿߣ侳ߣڳŵУ޵еĴڡ
ү侳ǿߣ
һ˵Ϣ
ݳǣ
ſڣӵ⣬Զʱǲ˲۾ȷ󡭡ү
СӣôˣҼǵõҸհ᰽ʱǵĸͷŵҸء
ϳӵܣ΢Ц
ٺ١
ӵܶЦˣүǵǣһˣųͽţһ·󺰣үˣүˣ
һʱ䣬
үˣ
С硣
ܿ죬ҼҲڵĳۡ磬¶Цݡ
󲮡Ƿ
ˣˣС磬ôڼţС˰ɣЦ
ţ
ϵЦ̣ͫЩ󲮣˵Сڼţ
۵ͷǰѵûܰһǰ뿪ʥԺȥˡ
С뼫ʥԺˣ
·һʯѹ֣ĵܵܳȻ뼫ˣ
ڣſǱ˰
ﵣ˫Щ죺󲮣СʲôϢ
ҡͷûУ̫ңԶˡ
󲮣ǳҷʲôôΪԪ
ʡ
Ӵ󲮳ۡܳɿУ֪ȥϣƳ죬ڳĳ֮ɫɷףû뵽ڵʵ˿ֲĵز
رǻҴ͸ҵλ侳ߣоϾ˵Ľƣ𣺡λˣҲǳˣ찡УƽʱǿߣͻȻ˸ôµĴڣңǳĸ磿
󲮣ҿҪ뿪ˡĿ˸׼ãװԪʯ͵ҩİݸۡ
û뵽һǰܵܳϣôıʡ
ȻҪܵܳڣ˵棬ϵܵܵ
Ȼ֪ԼܵλָģĵܵһǵõĪĻԵ

ǣЦ㣬ɣ

ߵˣնתûС
СȻΪ侳ߣ۸оԼֹ࣬ס
侳ǿߣҲˡ
үղλ
Ҵ͸侳ߣϡˣۣҲûйȥĸ߰
ԭҵĵ̣ô¡
ղǸˣƾˣʵ֮£Զܱȣ֣һ¡
г磬Ҵֶӡ
˵
磿ơѵǰ᰽λŽޣԻҵЩ£̲סʡ
ţֶӣȷʵ᰽ڡ
۵ĻҲûлɡ
찡
ǰʥԺѡεһˣһǰʥԺѡεһˣȻֵܣ
ңڵĳ
һʱ䣬ЩԺˡ
ףĳֵĳȥػպ󣬳λүǲһĴ
ʱǿԼΪĬĬķϣʹһЩԪʯҩ֮ı
ڡ
գڵĴӣ˾٣ҪѡһλڵӣΪԼĹŵӡ
ԣɷϿޱȡ
ŵӣŵӣֻҪ츳ڣгΪ״ӵĻᡣ
ɷϿ̨ϣŵƴɱķ̨ϣ˾٣ڳϡ
̫ˡ
˾̾˿ǰһϳŵӺŵӣȥĳֱ
ȻҲ֪Щ˺ͳȣ̲ס
ڳŵĵˣ츳϶Ϊ˼صĶ
űϢֻϲûй㷺شԣԪУ֪űšȡ֮¡
ߣڣֵͦġ
ʱɷϿϿգһͺߴ
ɷϿ̧֮ͷǷ֣ɷϿϿգһλʮҵˣЯһλˣ̤ն䡣


149 ΢Բ
λ侳ǿߣڣ
ɷϿУһһˣ̲סһΣϻڵĵٵ龰ǰ龰ƣ
ֻǣµˣҪˡ
˾٣ȴ֪λڣΪ£
˾٣ն𣬹
ʱ˾ٵĶߣ˶ϵĴϵãǰʥԺѡʱҼ᰽ڵŽޣ磡û뵽ǰʮֻ侳ߣ󣬾Ȼ̤侳ˣ
᰽Žޣ硣
ȥ˾ٲֹһ˵
ԭǳֶ
˾ٶԳһЦֶǰ뿪Ԫȥˣȴ֪ʦɺã
ʦ᰽ڵ˾ƽ
絭˵λûüȥʦ˼ң˾ǳΪҲͲ˵׻ҿżɽڣֻΪҪһˡ
Ҫһˣ
˾Ц̡
ɷϿڣһƬž
һĻ뵱ʱһģһ
ѵУҲ˭
˾ɫףǰһĻȥʱٵ龰
ֶȴ֪Ҫ˭
˾ʵ
Ŀ⣬ɨ̨ţתƵΧһ̨ϡ
Щ̨ϣվһڳϣܿ죬ЩڳУϳҪҵˡ
ǰʥԺѡΣڱɴ˴ӡ
ڴϣ٣
١
Ŀ֮£ڿڡ
ϣ
һʱ䣬ɷϿڵڵӣЩ£λ侳ǿߣΪϷٶ
ٱüȫͷԡ
ǰҲڼʥԺ磬һμ棬ͳΪ˼ʥԺѡεһˣķΪ᰽׬档
ǰĳ磬侳ߣ츳ٷϾ٣侳߽ߡ
ɽգٴԳ磬һΪµͻƣɳȴ侳ߣƼܽɱĴڣòɵ
ֶڴϣȴ֪Ҫʲô
˾Ŀأʡ
գҪôŻٴҪôҳͣΪڳȥһࡣ
Ȼ·䣬ͽٵ¡
ɷϿڣһƬȻеڵӺͳ϶û뵽λ侳ǿߣڣΪҪȡϷٵ
ϣʲôȻǵλǿߡ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ڷϡ
ڳ绰ʱͱŵɫɷףΧĿɨŭ
ѹеľ壬̧ͷ磬ͺһ磬ڣ᰽ڣΪһΪ̤侳ͿΪ
磿
᰽ڣ
һʱ䣬ɷϿڣһЩϢȽ֮ͨˣһʱµ˵ݡ
찡ǳ磿ǰʳǼʥԺѡεһˣ᰽״ӣŽޣ磿
ǰ绹ֻ侳ߣ񣬾ȻͻƵ侳ˣ츳
ϧǿųﱻˣȻ϶ܺͳһȡ

һɷϿˣ֪ڵ侳ߣǳ磬᰽Žޡ
ΣգҳҪȡ˭ܵ
ЦһϽƳ·ܽͱֲĽֶ£ѹõɷϿΪЩڵɫɷס
˾٣侳ߣ罣ƶԿƣת۾ͱĽ
΢Բƣ
˾ٵͺɫɷףʶ᰽ڳȥŽ޳磬ʵ֮ʦΪ£
찡ʮ갡
˾·磬˶ˣһͫһϱ鲼˼顣
Ժڲ᰽ڵĳ磬ᣬһʵѹ
᰽ʦҲδһɣ
磬ֱʤ
ɫɷףΪʵѹ磬û뵽
Ȼ֪磬ΪҪ鷳ףһûס磬ɡ
ǿΪ磬ֻҪʵǿΪΪɱˣҪɣҪڡ

ʱλϡˡһλˣͬʱӵɷϿϿս£ɰ֮ƣ˾ٵƺһֵ˳Ľơ
һʱ䣬ɷϿڵ֮ˣ˿
ϣ
˫𣬵ʦ᰽У˵У˾⣬λ侳ǿߣΪϡ
λ˺µģһٻӰ࿴һۣŮˣǼȷʵмɫѹСῴ׸ƵŮˣԣ䲻ҵܡ
һǰżʥԺԺʥԺѧԱɢܲ˻ʳиֹĿ⣬صڣصʦ߾ޡ
ǰЩӣͻƵ侳һء
磬Щȣ
ǿߣоǱ𵱳ĵҲֻǿ
Լ֮䣬Щƣ·ʲôطܿ϶գһμλǿߡ
ۿǿߵĿɨ΢Цͷܿ죬ϵЦݣ̡
ΪԷֻǵɨһۣջĿ⣬ɰŭѵԼô
ºˣ
ظظˣϣ磬ԭǵĿ⣬¶˼־⡣
λʦ壬λ᰽ڵĳֶ
ۿջ˽ƣ˾˿˵
磿ǰʥԺѡεһˣ᰽Žޣ
϶Щȣ磬Ƕ˵ֻǣû뵽ԷȴлҪ
ǳ磿
У磬ʥԺѧԱеĵһˡ
û뵽綼̤侳ˣ
֪λǽϣĿ⣬ɨǰλˣʡ
ǡ
ɻ磬ϵ
ϣּЦݣϣղŶе
䣬Ϊ
һĻڳ˶⣬Խ˿ѵͽ֮ǰʶ
˾٣Ҳɻ
ϣһöͻƵһ硣
̧֣ҩƿ˽С

ͫһ
ʲôҩȻ֪ǿ԰侳Ϊĵҩֵҩ˵ԪҲ亱
ĵҩƿܸо֡
˾ٺеλһ㵣֪«ʲôҩ
磬Ǻ⣿زʶΪĵҩ
Ͻҩƿӻȥ˭ֱ֪絲üͷø˵ԭҾö
Ȼ󣬵Ҳ¡


150 ֮
ϣģܿͻ֪ҩԭö֮
絭һЦλϣܵչмӣؼ似ЩӶܳɿе֪
˳һۣҲûٶԣؿų硣
ֶȴ֪ڴϷ٣㣿
˾ٿ磬ʡ
ʱϺͼʶԭΪٶ
˾Ȼ϶ˣҲֱ˵ˣҽȡΪҵܣҵ׵ܵܡ
Ŀ罣ֱ̨ϵķ١
ۿɷϿˣ˾١Ϻͼڣһɻ󣬳ٴοڣҵ׵ܵܣС

䡪
ɷϿˣһʱ䣬ֻоŷͣ⡭
磬Ȼǳĸ磿
ڣǿţĸ磡
᰽ŽޣΪǿλڵˣǳĸ磬׸磡
һ˲䣬˶˹
ֵܶˣֱһ˫
и̾
ˣԼ˿϶֪Լ֮һЩ£̾˿û뵽һѵצһö
ѭɡ
򣬵ƹ
˾ٳĬˣҲĬˡ
֪˹ȥ£һΪﱨˡ
٣ɱ
δܵóѣõƣѹŽš
˾ڣΪҪΪɵҲ˵ȡõľ˳ɾͣǳôһλ磬ıܻ
ţ츳ֵܶˣǵĸĸһµµ֮
Ψ츳Ⱥ߽ϣܴĺ
Ǭ½ϵɣ
ɫɷףһ磬ǳĸ硣
ӵͷףӵõ
λǿǣƳ磬ɳߣһλϲˣλˣҲ侳ǿߣȻʼλ˶û˵һ仰ףλ˾Բ򵥡
ڳߵˣ
ܿܣλˣȳ绹ǿǱ֮ˡ
û뵽ԭǳСӵĸ磬ˣǼ£Ҳٲ֡
̾˿ףΪγҩԭһжΪͳ֮ȥ
򡢵ƹɡ
ԣʮѵצҪ
Ϊ̤侳ض꣬ͣͲǰҲһܳΪڵһλ侳ߡ
϶ֱڿն𣬷ɷϿ
ͽϡ
翴ϵıӰ
ܵܣ϶ԳãǶãһݴ
٣
Ŀ⣬̨ϵķϣɱȻ
磡
ٵۿ翴ɫһΪڴϣ¶ΪŴ㣬һ֮£ȫΪſǣŲܳȥƱؽӭѡܿģ㣬Ҳܽ𣬹ҵϣҪɱȥɱ
ߣȻȥɱ֮󡣡
ЦǴӳɿ֪ٵԣᱻɱΣǡȻٿڿ˵Ϊ룬㣬ΪڣǷԸ⸶һУ
Ȼ
ٵͷûκγɡ
ܺãǽգҾ͸㣬ҲӭѣҳڵĽѡΪ˰ңǷӦ÷׳Լأ
¶Цʵ
ԣɫ䣺㡭㡭
һʱ䣬ΧԷٻЩڵӣĿⶼŹ
ǰ٣ǰһ̻˵ԸΪŸһУ񣬹ϵͳˣ
̨ϣۿ˾٣Ϊ飬һλ̤ǰһȻڣգ٣Ϊ˰ӣɿųϺ͵ӣͷšգҾѧһδϣ
ǰΪϲԳʵڽѡΪŴ㣡
˵һУϴεӽʱϷ˵һ졣
㣬㡭
ɫ䣬û뵽˹
ΪŴ㡣
оϵĿ½ٴϯܵĪѹڵӣһ
ΪŴ㡣
̨ϣųǣ׷
˾ٵϣȫǿɬΣˣˡϣµԼ˽ɡ
ɫǺ죬ǧָȥһʱ䣬ֻоЦڴϣ
ڣᣬٵĴˡ
װɵ𣿡
Цһ֣䣬͸˷ٵ壬ЦأûϢ
˾ǣ
˾һͷˣȥ
һʱ䣬ɷϿڣһƬš
ǳĸ磿
ɫ֪ʱɷף뵽ȥԳһУʱƽģ̲ס
ѹ֣óЩƣֿ϶Լû硣
ԭһжΪͳмơ
ѾͷЩ£ȥˣǹȥˡ
˿Լӵ˼̾˿
ɢ˰ɡ
˾һ̾˻ֱ֣뿪˵ɷϿ
˾ѡ״ӵʢᣬųĵ֮
˾ٺڳȥ󣬵ɷϿڣ۵ģȻǳ磺û뵽᰽ڵλŽޣʵ˿£¾᰽УһĶˡ
ʤ᰽ڵôһ״ӣˡ
벻ǣȻǳĸ硣

ڵǣһʱĬˣյλŵӣڻڣڿ϶ǲͬĹ⾰ˡ
ĳƺʮˡ
츳ԼڼʥԺķɣڵ̤ܶ侳ˡ
ʮ侳ʷϣδš
ҲΪС˿
뿪ں󣬳ϣ¶Цݣܿ죬ЦɫСﾹȻ˼ţ񣬾뼫ţȥһˡţȻżʦ𣬱ȥ
ϻڣӡߣ
䣬ڵƺΪм
᰽ڣųۿն䣬᰽ڶ䶯ˡ
״ӣ᰽һŵӣ磬Ȼ̤侳ˣ
᰽֮ϧǣֻһ󣬾ʹߵˣɫæ뿪ˣ·ʲôҪȥ
С磬£¹ش󣬻ɡ
򣬳˸ո̤룬˾̲סԳ˵
üǵͷġ
ҵĳ£ϻںѪħţᣡ
У˸˶ɵĺ⡣


151 ǿ
ʱ䣬Ǭ½߶ԣ㲻ϳ
һЩΪߣһαչأܾҪµʱ䡣
ЩߣҪá
ºͨϱչصһ˫Ůڳء
͸ƵԼս֮֮ͨۡ
īʯʥԺԺĻڣīʯʥԺˣڴպһս
ۣ֮ͨīʯʥԺΪʥĵطգԺ͸Լս֮ضۣ֤֮ͨԳ˵Ŀء
ϢܿʹīʯʥԺд۶
˵īʯʥԺ֮ˣǵ۶֮ˣһսȤúܡ
һīʯʥԺõīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һ׵ܵܣһȵſ˵ʮң츳֮Ȼš
һսעǰս
Ϣˡ
չָ˺ϢռūгĵΣռūгԱ߷Ĳֿ֮£ΪΣһ˸ֲˡ
ͷ뵽侳Щûס
Ӳ
취
ɫչЦռҵֵ侳߽ǿߣ뿪Σռңһʱļ飬ǰձҹռӵԣ鼫ΪҪռҵĵϵ侳߽߶Ҫμӡ
һʱ
˫һҲ˵һʱڣռҵβ侳߽򣿡
չֵͷǡ
á
̲סЦˣչ˵Ļȷʵ
û侳߽ξ壿
֣Ʊػ˿ռֻҪһ飬Ҫã϶ỳǡպ͸ƵԼսǰ¶ռҿ²ưոݣ£ɸϴճ֮һ£ϵռҵϡ
չֵɫΪء
ռūгռΪҪĲҵռūгĵα˽ˣƱػΪ۶Ц
ռң
Լսô
˫𣬵һЦԼսǰˡ
Գԣ۶ĿģΪ˾ȳԼֵţ£븶ƵԼսֻں档
ǰչЩ
ʱ֪ˡ
ﵭһЦ˸ӡ
֣ɶס棬ҲС
ɶǿҪǰ뿪ˡ
￪˵
ɶͷ˿ȣԣֻҪڳ߾ˣĶҪ
գҹ
аʱռūгε侳߽뿪ʱ
ɶռūгǸĲֿ⣬Ĳֿ⣬ζѬ죬չִﻹ벻ռūгĵΣط
ԶԶŵεķ򣬳ȴš
ڣʱˣڷֿһ棬һӰӳ͸ɫϡԱϳһˣ˳󣬴ܣûն
ҺöԶȻղŶᱻ֡
˵Ϊ£ȻڼԶﻹܸоһ˿в
ɶߣ
ﶯɶ˷ֿ⣬߳ǰ
һȥԷ֣棬һڵεԱߣɶյľſڣͱ˷ˣ˵ͺȣʲôˣ
ȻҲ˵һ仰貵ĵ⣬ӶѪ䣬˵ʬ嵹¡
εڣ濴һݾ
ݾ֮УһݣͨεĽݡ
ɶ̤˽ݣȥ
˭
棬ˣͺһɶʱɫһ䣺ǡ
û˵꣬ķУ˽ɱ
ȥˣֻ侳ͽߡ
ò˵ռҶμΪأѰػ֮ˣ侳һĴڡ
˻Ѫȣܿͱ˲
ʱɶҲ룬֮Ѫɺӡ
´ˣ
ʱһ侳߾һ׹¡
ʲôˣ
һλˣǰ߾ȣڳ֣˳Īѹ
£
ˣӦ侳صĴڡ
ɶ
ˣûκΰգֻܽɶĿ⣬ת˵ϣЩˣûһǳһ֮С
¹ȥΪȻͣͲǰһΪ̤侳ء
ƾѪͨ΢ԲƣԼ˲ĵӣսʤ΢Բ֮Ƶ侳ߣֻǣ侳ߣûκΰա
ɱЩ侳ͽ׵ߣͬһ򵥣֮ûһڣʮ̵¡
û뵽Σǰ澹һֲڡ
ֽһ侳ɱ￴ǰʮֲڣɫһ
˭ҴռҵΣǱɣ
ڳˣ˫Ŀ죬ôҲû뵽´ǰŸ뿪ž˴룬ǸΪ侳صˣֱһ
ֻǣ侳ߣɶһҲǡ
ʮ֮ǰɶҲڴ侳ƿɹ̤侳ء
ɶ侳ʱ˺һ֮ƣսѰ侳ߣһΪͻƵ侳أ侳֮£Ķ֡
磡
ɶεͨУǵϯˡ
о·ڵķƣɫ䣬һɲǣʲôȵīʯʥԺˡ㣬ǳ

βӿ侳ͽߣˡ
ȵеĴˣڵεֵҲżϢżȥҲ۶еš
ˣҲ˵
ղҪǸ֮ܡơһս˲ɣռҵʲô
һ侳ߣЩ£ڷֳɱ˺һ˸ڵĲ֮ڣ亹ֱҳ
һĻüǰһһһ侳ͽɱ
Ϊ˱ɶǸ˲ʱ˳ûߣص˵εڡ
ֻǣˡ
ɶƾ˺һ֮ƣѹˣ̤侳ض꣬ȴδ˺һ֮ƣɶ൱ͨȴԶѷɫɶ˺һ֮ϵķͨ
Ƭ̹˾ͱɶķѹ

˺һ֮ƣɱУ硣
ɲǼ䣬˱һɶɥ
´ˣ
˱תûϢʣµռ侳ߣ׷׵ôͷˡ
ˣֱɱ˻
رǳߵŮˣǰͽճɺճߵɱˣ񣬸ʵɱεĸ¡
´ˣ侳صĴڣ
ǵҪʲô
Щ˲ԴУȴǶڲڣȳ


152 ҹɱ
ʲô
ЦˣȻΪ˾ˣҵѣռҹطڣҸһᣬ˭ܸңҵѱʲôطһ
˭
ôҲҪӣȻô֪


Ļʣµռ֪пܷŹһȿֺ˵
һç󺺣Ϊ侳߽ף˫ͨӵߣ
һڣڣһƬš
Щص֮ˣڵѺˣ˵ˣǵһʱͲµ˭
˫ͨӵߣźιѺ֮ˣ
ˣܵЩ˶ޱȡ
ǣҲûôԪʯ
Ȼ˶ռҵļֵҲ֪
ôû˵Ҹʱ俼ǣ˵һһɱ
ڡ
ڣһ˴ܳ˲ڣ˵˵ǡǡ
˸տڣһھͳһˣɱ֪Ǽյģ˭˵ȥǱѼ壡
Цˡ
αس֣һףʮףת۾͵˶Էǰ»䣬ֻѪղŻ֮ˣ˱ʬ塣
³Ҳˣ˭һ˵ҿһ֪ξ񡣡
䵭˵ҵޣٲ˵Ҿͽɱңͼʮֲڣ룬ȫǹ¸ϻ֮ǰҪҵҵ
ھźΣھźţ
һ˻æڡ
ھźţ
ˣһͬȿֺ
ֻǣˣų֣˹»ҰˣѾûˣ
ƴˣ
ƴˣ

ʱֲڣһӰܳҪƴ
ô侳֣ҲһɲСﲻС˺󼸲ɶ֣Щ֮ȫɱ
ڿԷˣ
һˣ
ô֪ղǲƭңȥﵭ˵
ԣɫףȴҲӳķԸ
ɶһֲ滹©֮㣬ӣ¡΢Цɶ˵
ǣ硣
ɶǳǳһЦĶˡ
źΣΪΣں󣬲֪ÿһͨһΡ
̲סпռҵĵΣǷһ
ҪѶܿٳ
⡣
˿ǰյΣ˵
ʲôˣţү˯
ʱ洫һɢԺţüЩˣŲŻͷҸǹ´С棬˵Űң
ţ
ţ飬Ļ֪һ󣬵ţʱ̲סЩʡ
ҡûɣ
棬ţһңµǰƽʱͷͲ˵Сڣ档
ʱ̲סͺ㣬ô⣿
ȱ˵ô࣬Ⱦȥ
˵
ţЦûõģκüΪĲ֧ţйԿףȻܴ򿪣˵Ψ˺һ֮Ƶǿߣ򿪡
üЩаȻȫʩΪҲֻһ˿ۼ
ţȵȡ
ͷߣɶ滻һ£ɶȥסεĳڡ
ܿ죬ɶ֣Ρ
ţ߳ʱЩ£ǰʮҵŮӣ˿£
˺һ֮ƣ
ɶţ¶Цݣͬʱˣ˵лˣ㰲ȥɡ
ɫ䣺㡭˵㲻ɱҵġ
ǲɱ㣬û˵˲ᡭ
ҡҡͷɶ̧֣һƷ֣ȡ˵
ǵøϽ뿪£ºܿͻᱻ֡
ɶţȥ
磬᲻ỹռҵˣɶʡ
ڹܲôˣҲÿһȥ鿴ʮڣ˷Ѷʱ䣬̫ðˡ
ҡͷ˿ݾһ̧֣µֱӽݾ飬˵εĳڡ
һ滹ռҵ侳ߴûһǲܳ
뿪ֿ󣬳һɻţţ֪кܶʣһʱҲ֪ô˵ڣȸɶ뿪۶ȥҵ°ã͸ǻϡ
ɶţʧǷߣ
ֶɶ˵
磬ҪȥҸƣ
ɶʶʲô̫ðˡ
ﵭһЦİɣ£ٻҪһܴռңߣ
븶Ƶһսġ
ȻͻʣһսδսᣬʼһĽᡣ
֮һֱǰĽᣬ谭
·֮𣬼䣬ʧɶţǰ
߰ɡ
ɶ˽֪ڵҪĻȻ᲻˵ġ
ţɶ۶ߡ
īʯʥԺ
ҹɫ£͸¶
Ժ˶еĵҩУǸֵЦݣմ죬ɱõתȻҲ˵ˣɱ˳ûתתҲ͸ңҵҲ

һ紵ü
ܿ죬͵תͷֻһӰԶ͸ҹɫϳˣɫһ䣺
ƣǰ˵֮ҽҵʤգ˿ɺˣ
ƽؿŸơ
ʲôԺ˵ˣǵԼս֮󣡡
ɫһ
õպˣգָʤɡ
ȻɲǼ䣬һţ帲Ѫɫۡ
צϣ֣ơ
㾹Υ渱Ժˣ𣿡
ɫ䣬û뵽Ҷ֣ҵͷƺ֣
Ƶ츳ͨǱͨ
ͨ£˻һ㣬ֹͶ䣬޲ź⣬Ҳһ
ˡ
һĳ΢ԲƳ̺޾һƣ·ܽᣬӭϳĵ
ߣ
ﲻмһЦϣ˲˲㣬µһ𣬴̶𣬷·˺ƶĤ
΢Բƣݿ˺Ƶƣµӭ˸Ƶһơ
ã
ɫ䣬зңʱʶºĳͻˣͻƵ侳ء
մѻ졣
ﰵ
һ𣬺̵أƷٺˡ
ӣЦһϵʢƱ˾·
ֻ侳أսȴֲ˹·ܵһʲô似ƣ̫Եˣ
д󾪣ֶΣе𺳡
ۿڣҪɱϾ·ĸƣɫһ޳ɣ뻳ͳҩС
ҩд򿪣ҩſȥ
ת


153 ƽҹ
䡪
¾תĸƣͨǣµıϢǵۡԺĻݶһװ

ĸƣͶ䣬µıϢ֮ȫʩΪƣıͨ׾پͽһ
£ڳϣ˲䣬֮˳ȥݺˤڵء
𶯣óɫһ䣬ôҲû뵽⸶ͻȻܱôµ뵽ղŸƵĶǷһöŹֵĵҩ
һ̣ͨͷ䣬ǿޱȡ
졭
ʶƷµʲôҩ
ʧ쵤ʱͼйļأһŰĵҩ
һ£ͨȻҲܴͨ˶˯ڿܲپѡ
˿վŷӶĸƣĿƣΪɱң㾹ϧѵͲͨʹ˳˯Զپ𣿡

ſЦ˵ֻѰҷµģǾתиã
иã
ɫһ䣬Ŀ£֪ǸüֵöƷԪʯûκθõж
ף˵ǼöƷԪʯǼʮϰƷԪʯ
ؼʱ̣Ǿ֮
ôת
ɫһĿ˸
Ƶıչֿ֪һҲһ츳ЩΪīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һ
ֵܶˣһ壬߳ࡣ
˵ǸƣǸδܵõһöҩ츳ǿɱϾṳ̂侳ء
ƿӣ·ܣſޱȣǽ֮ˣֺη˭үöתүҵĵҩڿү˳ᢣöתҶ
Ȫ֮£Ҫ־͹Լҡ
תҩЧʱ䲻һٴγ֣
֮·˷ۣŸһ£΢Բƣ˳
㵱Ϊɱң
˷ı֮档
Ȼʱ֮µѪ𣬿ֲīʯʥԺ
ͨѪⱩǵѪβһ׾پͽ֮ɨµΪ֮һ
ܡ
ɫ䣬ŵؿһĻƺһβͺĩ
ƣɲֻ
ĮһӰ̤ѪԿд£׽
վѪͷ䣬ſѪڣ𣬿µ·ʽ䣬Ƶ֡
ѵ𣬸ƵıͨѪֱͨӺˣ

һĲҽУŵ£
ߣ
Įɨһ۸Ƶ壬ѪһѪ⣬Ϊһ壬һһѪӰʧ
ֳôĶīʯʥԺˣܿͻﲻ֦
ȻڳȥƬ̣ӰѸޱȣת۾ͽٵۡԺӣĿݼŲһ
˿ϵʬʱһӣĿ⸴ӣһˣڰ
ܣϵʬ壬øϵ񳹵ʧɳƵԺָʱһʧԭء
ܱɱȻң⣡
ֻǣ׷ʵǵĳ
գֻ޹ء
ʱӵĸۡУվˣԸԺĻ֮£ֻҪʥԺĽԱˡ
ۡ˥ܵһĻǶЩţ侳ǿߴսҲڽۡŪɣ
ƣֻ侳߶ѡ
ҵӦǷ
˵ʣҧгݵ

ڳ֮ԣ̲סݣøƶˣʲôˣ
Կ϶һ㣬ƵĶ֣ͨӵߡ
ڣϸĵĽԱ˺ۼԺˣƵߣõ֮µĺۼɱƵˣӦһõǿߡʵ̤ܿ侳أȻԷҲпܷ
ΪԵĵҩΪ丱ã̸֮ɫ䡣
õ
һнԱ֮УѦԱҲڳǰһĻԺˣõ᲻ǳ

ɫһ䣺ôû뵽
ĻüҡҡͷһǳҲ̫չֳôµѦԱȥľ
ǡ
ѦԱ뿪ֻܿˣԺˣǱȥ¥ա
ĻĿ˸ң˳ȥһǷйء
īʯʥԺΪƵ
Ȼû֤֤ǳɱȻīʯʥԺǲīʯʥԺ
īʯʥԺ֮ˣʥԺԲŹ
īʯʥԺô£ķƶռ֮УҲƽ
ռūгԱߵķֿ⣬ǰռҲμӼĹ¹ܿͷ˲ԡ
Ĺ·ֵΨһĳھʱɫ䡣
һʱ䣬ūгˣڱ򿪣ֵεһ߾ʬʱĹ˫Ŀ죺˭˭ɵġ˭ɵģ
Ҳû뵽Լ뿪һʱȥμӼҪ飬ʱͿһĻ龰
οصռˣ
Щϼˣֻϼҵϵӵܣһ侳һĴڣռҵľӢգռԼҵĵΣʮ侳ӵܡ
ʧռңҲעԪˡ
źš
ǰǿд򿪵ΣϿµýūгˣɫɷס
Ψ˺һ֮ƵǿߣƻƵΣźŵʲôˣǴūг𣬻һ֮ˣ
˶ھź֮˵ĵϸһ
źţǼԸõģû뵽ֻˣΪռһܵ˳صĴ
£㴦ȥ
˶ūг˵һͻռȥˡ
ռҵļ飬ǰ볡ռҵϵӵܺռǿڳ볡ռҵϵӵܵڲ飬˻صռʱռҼ֮£ռһڵϵ֮ˣڽڲ顣
ˣ
˲˴ǰ粽룬羪ס
գ˻ţ
֮УռҼ˵˴ϣˣüͷ
ļռҵˣأΪʧ̬
յΣճϵֵ᲻ǵγʲôˣ
ףռҶү
үӢǵγ£뿪ΣϻμӼһʱڣβ䣡


154 뿪۶
ʲôˣ
ռҼɫ䣬÷£ֵ֮Ի

չڵأռҵ֮Уˮ֮£ʮȫɣ
ˮθ£һΪ侳أռҾӢеľӢ
ʲô
ͫһȻվ
ֹ죬׵һڵϵ֮ˣҲվһĿɿڴ
ʮŸ侳ӵܣȫˣ
⡭
ÿ£ѹ֡
ڣ쿪ˣȻ˵ô£㲻뿪һʱξͳ£δ̫˰ɣ
ҲȻû뵽үǰʱ֪ͨ飬Ҷ֪
տЦֻռҵϵӵܡ
˵ûڻ鿪ʼǰʱո֪εļ飬ڵεˣ¸Ͳ֪顣
ռүջ𡱣˵
飬ֻǵϵ֮˲֪ճ뿪ʹζֻ֣ܣһռҵϵ˽Ϣ˳ȥһֻһɺϣԷʱ֡
ռүƲ
Щ˵գεūʧ
ʡ
źţҲǸţ˽ˡտЦȻ
ʲô
ɫ䣬Ǹ˫ͨӵūռǷū˽ˣ
εūڣΨǸţ˽ߣԣԷүƲⲻҾãԷӦʱţΪ򿪾źΣҲ˺һ֮Ƶǿߣ侳ء
ֵ
飬£ҪˮʯУ£κ˲ôȥճϣūгУЩˡһЩϵӵȥϢȥռĴ
ɫ
ȥռҳΪ۶ЦֻΣռҵһЩ֪ռҶԣһѡ
ô侳һߣռԪˡ
ֻǣϢ
ôҪס˵۾ɱȵ컹ѡ
ҹעһߵҹ
ռҵƻռҼռӵǵϯ֮˵ټ
ֻǣǲһϣʲô鲻
Ȼ׼̲סŭ
飬Ҳţĵϵڳʮ˴Ǵȥ𣡡
ռķƶ֮ʱ۶֮ˣڴīʯʥԺ֮ս
ơ
ȻʱһװϢը۶
īʯʥԺܳӣԭڽҪͳһսĸƣҹԼĸ֮ۡУ˵˿ĵҩǱɱˡ
ϢһƬȻ
ܿ죬һϢīʯʥԺѧԱЭͬߵŮӣҹʼʧˡ
ˣǳɱ˸ơ
ֻǣĸƣǳɱ
ֻһ侳߶ѡ
ͻˣҲֻ侳ضѣɱĸơ
Կ϶һ㣬ɱ֮ˣͨӵߣ֮ʱīʯʥԺʱ·ʵŭ
յ֮սעҪȥȡˡ
ˣһɱһʧ١
үң
ݻľ¥֮ڣƽؿմ

մк£ϼЦݣܸƵ£Ҳ˵ˣڰɡ
ͷΣ˶ûˡ
ҪģǾ֣Ϊܱܵ
£᲻ǳģմʡ
Ҳɹֻǣﰴ˵û֣Ͼվҵһսӣ谵ȥɱҵܡֻǣʧ٣ƺһЩɵתƵϣ֮ҪȽҳ
к˸۳ǲ֣ʧٵʱ̫ˣ뽫ҳ
˵ҹ˾תմ
ü֮ǰ;մԼûʲô£û뵽մ˰Ͳס
ү˵ʲô
ֱʡ
ҾͿżɽˣֵܶһһöתΪܸɱΪǸ˺һŮ˾ȳҲ˵ǾתΪó
մ˵ˣ
ͷ
ȻܸƣҹҲ֪˭֣ȻԸľתǲЩˣ
մֵ
üүʲô˼ѵҵĪΣľת
˾תǻˣҲûʲô˾תǱɱˣⲻǰװױԣϣ㽫öת黹ң񣬳ߵŮ˶ʧ٣£Ҫæˡ
մ˵˽սĿġ
ղžͲµմ⣬մ׿˵ɫ̲סһүû뵽㻹ܿջĵҩ
ǽתȡ˳ϣүԭӽ޹ϸ𡣡
뿪ܿ죬һ߽մү⸶Ͼīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һҳǸɱҲһ㡭
մЦˣãŹʧ٣ȷܸǲǳɱҲضȥҳʱ벶ȸں󣬲ˣ
үӢ
˵
ҹ£Ƕࡣ
մü
һϣռūгĵα˽ˣ֮īʯʥԺĸƱɱˣߵŮӣͺ񵱳ƾճڵ۶һ㣬ٴƾʧˡ
һʱᣬҲûϵһ
Ͼɱ֮ˣͨӵߣǳߵŮӣߵŮӣɱƵǷͨӵߣͲʲôܡ
ڳմڣû˻ɱĸơ
£˷
ڵ۶ǰʧǵ·ϣӰɳ۶Կһ׳ͷţĴ󺺣һŷɵġ
ţء
Ц
ţٺһЦ¶ЦݣǻͷҼȥ
ţҲ벻űռūгʱ򣬳ﾹȻǰ˳
㻹û˵ô֪īʯ۹۶ռūг
ţʡ
һ·ɳ۸·ҴææҲûʱ˵ϻ񻺹һţ̲ס档
͢ҵġ
ﵭһЦ
֪ţڵ۶ūгΪ͢ϣ͸ţĺ«׹Ȼţľ
͢ôʶ
ţһ͢Ǳ
⻹Ƕ㽫ĺ«׹ӣת͸͢
̧֣«׹ӳ֣һЦ
«׹ӣţȻôҲû뵽ͨ«׹ӣҵԼ


155 
ʧǵ·ϣţҲӳУ֪ﱻߺ󣬷ڳϵ¡
ڳʮǰĶ츣̲סЩпȻ֪ﲻǳ֮ȴҲû뵽ΪһΪ̤侳
ţåϡǵãռŴͷʱͬΪ侳ߣ񣬳ﶼ侳ˣֻ侳ء
ţ֮УгҴ棿
⣬˼գ̲סʳĴ㡣
Ȼţҡͷһɬλ棬ٻѪħźͺϻڵǿɱˡ
˿ѹеŭ
ծҪֻ
ϴ͢˵һΪ侳أû뵽侳ˡ
ţһۣп
ţЦ⻹ռңڵεǶʱ䣬о⣬òԪʯ
ﵭһЦռע͵ʴˣΪ㸶ô࣬Ϊ˼¡
֮УжٵҴ
뵽ţܻŵӦûһЩҲܻ̲סʡ
ˡ
ţһ̾뵽ʱһĻĻﻹ̲סһļţεʢΪһѪħźͺϻָѣų̈ѪɺӣѪˮ塣
˵ͷΣ̧ͷĿȥľ͹ȥˣţԺ͸߰ɣһգһȥ
ţЦȻҾҲҪǡ
һºʧǣڳڳ˵ǰ
ʱ£ħ˿һ˷ܲѣ߶˸çʱǶףһȥ£ˡ
ţ
͢ԽڶЩ
͢ţiǰ͢һܱȥˡ
ǵħûʲô°ɣ
￴Һʡ
΢ЦҡͷүǰƶǵħǰȫûϢںеĶûٸǵħҰǰһЩǲȥǣǵҲǼƽϡ
ͷܿ죬ţ˹ܸҡֵܺڳĵħӣֵܣţҲ֪һ뿪ΪԺԼˡ
ţֵܣ
ţֵܡ

ҡͺֵܣ΢Цţк
ţǺˬ֮ˣܿͺ͵ħ˴һƬ
ջգħһ֮ͣһλˣϳˣǰйһ֮ԵƳϡ
Ƴϣִ֮һ
Ƴϡ
΢΢һЦ
û뵽ǰ»ˡ
Цʱ䣬Ѫ㡣
ĿһѪң
ûɶͬһˣڿնڷȥ
Ƴϣ֪Ѫңʲô£
ʵ
ҲףѪҪԼ϶ô򵥣ҲףֻҪѪҪ²֣û취ܾ
ϾǷѪһ顣
֪ˡ˹һЦҲơ
ˡ
󣬳ûнڵɽţֱȥ
ʱڿѲӵڵӣ˳ˣ˳һۣź˴кƳϡ
˵ͷų˹ޱߵפء
Ǹ˭ҲͶʮͷ侳ˡ
ЩѲӵڵӣˣһʮͷ̤侳ߣٶЩ档
ӦƳѰĵӰɡ
˲²
ƳοҪͷˣʮͷ侳ߣ츳ڳˡ
һһţīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵǣҲҪӡ
ǣֻ侳ͽһڵӶѡ
ȻϴξڣǴӵϽȥģգȴֱӴӿн룬Ըڡ
۵һĻó𺳲ѡ
ۣ֮פأʮ֮£ڣͺǵۻһ㣬ǹ£ʮͷ·ǳӡ
īʯ۹š
룬פԶܺȡ
ˡ
ִʱ΢Ц
һ·ڵӼΪ䵭ˣ˵ʱȴ͸¶
˵ͷ˽£һִͬС
Ѫϡ
ѪһѪɫۣվһʱܳɱ¾
ˡ
ѪתƽؿܿͲ˳ΪЩ죺ĽҵԤϣһСˡ
΢΢һЦѪϹˡ
ѪųֱԵҾͿżɽˣһӢΪִļӡ
üѪϣŵˣȴǲܳΪڵӣǸˡ
ʱԱߵӢһЦûѪ˵ֻǼ𣿼ӣ㲻ڵʽӣѪݣֻ¶ѡ
£
һȻ²һ㣬Ѫȥ
ȻˣҲ޷
˵ͷѪѪϣȴ֪кηԸ
Ӣ˵ɡѪˡ

ۿĿɨӢɫϣܴڣȥɹĺĵѡΡ
ɹ
ﲻǵһصˡ
Ӣϣɹʲôط
ʡ
īʯʥԺǿߣΪɹĵѡʢᣬֻǣɹʲô·ȴһ֪
Ӣ˵Ҳ֪īʯ۹֮£Ǹ֮£һĸ
ͷЩ֪
Ǭ½֮īʯ۹Χ⻹Ĵ۹۹£ٶʮٸĸ۹µؼҲǹǬ½۵һǶѣⲻ۵һǣ֮Ϊ򡯡
ӢĻ·չǬ½Ĺͼ۹أҲֻǬ½۵һǡ
Ǭ½ж
ǿ˳ɻӢкִһ䡣
ǽϣһϵĴͼƾá
ڵͼϣһЩطԳԣôİ
ͼ뿪ȥȱģͼϣֻһЩҪĵطǻ򣬲ű档
Ӣ˵
򣿡
һȥͼУһʱҵʲôط
ûҵ򣿡ӢЦʡ
ͷȷʵûҵڡ
㿴ǻ򡣡
ʱӢǰָϱ߲۵һСͼһָȦţһ˵һ飬ڵĻ۹ء


156 ɹ
ǻ򣿡
߽ﻹ޷ϰġ򡱶֣Ǭ½İͼۡ
ôһСطͽīʯ۹ڵ۹أȫˣ
û뵽Ǭ½Ȼô
ò˵˿̣ˣԪʳǣһ·߽īʯ۹ƥѸ;ԵĽ¡
ڰͼϲ۵ĻҪƥѸ;ԵĽ˵ҲҪһɣ
˵һɰꡣ
˺һ֮Ƶ侳߽ǿߣҲֻܻꡣ
Ҫ߱Ǭ½Ҫ೤ʱ䣿Ѱߣǻʱ䶼δ߱飬侳ǿߣ֮ȫУ¶ҪϰʱܺǬ½
̫ˣ
Ǭ½̫ˡ
ǰİͼ˳̫𺳡
Ԫ߳ǵīʯ۹ȥԼҲ߱ǧɽˮ
ǰİͼȴظоԼһֻ֮ܡ
С̫Сˡ
ﰵ̾ڸ̾ԼСֻڸ̾īʯ۹Сֻڸ̾۹ؼС
ܿ죬عӢƳϣɹô˵ˣѵɹʲôϵ
ӢЦܴɹǻ֮һλīʯ۹ڡ

ﻹǵһ˵ɹѵȵ۹һǿ
Ȼ
Ӣͷɹڵ۹֮ϵĳȻһ̶ϣԳ֮Ϊ۹ػ񡣡
Ȼô˵ɹ⣬ĴֱĴ۹ػ񣿡
ǡ
ӢӦһ
ӢϣҳΪڼӵûʲô⣬ɹĵӣҿ¡üͷ
Ӧòīʯ۹ɣӢʡ
ǡͷҵţ
Щﲢû˵ǾţѾţŵҴߣҲ
ӢһЦ⣬˵ֻŵĵӣڵʽӣɹҲûʲôɹţһȻ棬ڸ۹ˣЩУвٸ۹֮ˣвš֮ˡ
ţ
һ
ţš
ӢͷɹֻҪ侳ϵĴڣԼ룬ȻЩˣֻܳΪɹĹӣɹУǿƣԴǺ侳ߣѡɹΪɹһЩ£Ӷɹȡһĳͣ繦似Ԫʯҩȵȡ
ȻɹĶλ֪
ɹǰصĹӶ֯ԳΪеһԱҪӹӶ֯õͣͱ֯йס
һ㣬ȫ
ĵô£
ʡ
Ӣ˵ɹĺĵӣһָǿԽɹˣЩˣɹޡСĳɫӣɳ󣬸ͳӪ⿪ŵɹЩˣɹˡ
ɹ⿪ŵɹ
档
ǰߣţߣڽгֻǣõͨﲢԪʯɹеĹ׵㡣
Ӣ͵
Ӣֵɹһζպĵӣɹ֮𣬵һζպĵӡ
ǰûչ
ûС
⵹Щ֡
ȷʵ֣ңҪǣһΣɹѡĵӺ;ټ֮˵ĽǴֱʣԶ׼ɹһζպĵӣֻҪѪҺô򵥡
Ӣ˵
ʲô档
ƬӢĺЩ١
Ƭ
ﻹǵһ˵
Ψ˺һ֮ƵߣŻᣬߣһ䣬꽫ƬʱֶνЩƬռΪãɴвߵ˺һ֮ƣ
ӢĻ̲ͫסһͨ˵Ƭ˵˺һ֮ƣ
⡭
ֱӶᡣ
Ƭ˵ڣǻҶۺ죬ԣһɹĵѡεʢᣬǻңҲǷѾ˼
Ӣ˵
ɹĺĵѡΣʲôƣ
ʡ
ʮ£ȡϵƼ֮ˣɲѡΡ
ʮꣿ
ЩɻΪβʮأ
ɹΪЩŹ֡
ԣѪϣҴڣȥɹĺĵѡΣ
Ӣһۡ
ǡӢͷ
ҲΪƬʡ

Ӣûзϣֱ׵ͷ»һټ֮ˣܳΪɹĵӣʱɹ͸ŵƬһȵѡȨ
ӢĿ
Ƭ̶ȣ󣬾ǿӢѪΪ֮Ķ
ɹĵӣɹУʲôƣ
΢΢ʡ
ûʲôƣ֮
Ӣ˵һɹѡΣһһˣҲȥ
㿼£ֻǿæǷӦУһϣܴӦΪΪɹĵ֮ˣһܵõƬ˺һ֮ƣкܴ
Ӣؿ˳һۡ
ֻҪΪɹĵӣᱻƣûϾǷƳϺѪһ顣˵
ãҺѪûˡ
ӢһЦ
ƳϣҲ˵̫磬ʮ֮µǿߣݹīʯ۹͸ǿģв٣ܲͨѡλһ
ҡͷ
Ƕġ
ӢһЦǰˣ侳ʱͽһ侳ص߸ɵˣһΪ̤侳أʵôܻ
ûµĻҾȸˡ
˽⵽̫࣬Ҫʱ
ѪӢͳڣңңؿųԶȥ
û뵽Ųһ꣬һΪͻƵ侳ˣ侳ؾɱ侳صսٸһЩʱ䣬ڻ¡
Ӣ̾˿
Ѫû˵Ŀ⣬һ͸¶졣
صħ̫Ѩǻ򣬻ɹƬ̫𺳡
ɹʢᣬĶӦҲɡϾɹĽƬƳԣڻֻаɹڵŶƬռط
˫һ
ʱ̲ס̫Ϊ׵ӣǺϻڵĵһɹĺĵѡΡ

³ɺޣһΣл˽ᡣ


157 â
ħǰȡ֮Ĳƶ˸һ˶
âʮʮһ
âУλǿĶΪ侳ߣסá侳ߡ
֮£âУ侳һĵӣʮˡ
ƽʱâУ侳һߣ⣬Ҳֻˣ˼ʧǹâĲҵ
ΪʮâĲƸˣµĲҵս
գâӭ֮ͣһһŮеӢŮϢ
һ³Ůӣ续֮ˣ·Ůκ֮ġ
ҪǶ
ڶľâ׼ǣӿˡ
ǣ
âӲҵǰȻᣬȻҶģһˡ
ħ
￪˵
ħâԣ˫һԵȣΪȥ
ô鷳ˣԼȥС
ڵͬʱǰһԽâӣ˾â
ƮƮ΢͸˳
ã˴롣
ʱâڵâӣһֻǣųͷһЦ·ƾճ֣˵
âΪâӵľٴС
âľâӣ׷˹ӿӭֻǣһһŮ֮Щâһܵ£ܿ죬ʮ˵£Ѫɺӡ
ʣµľâӣˣһһŮֱǵޡ
ʲôˣ
ڣâе侳֣߳ھâΪҪʱһĻͫһ
侳صһ棬ͱһ
һʱ䣬âĹڣˡ

ͬм侳֣߳ͼֶԸ
תͨȫʩΪļ侳ߣĵÿһ£׾پʹһ侳ߵ
ɱ⼸侳ߣͬһ򵥡
ת۹򣬵϶˼ʬ塣
һʱ䣬âǣ׷׵վԭضҶ
ʲôˣ
ڣһը׵ͨͷһ׳˶̤磬ɭȻӣ绯Ұޣ·Ҫɡ

һâĵǣ׷˿
侳ߣżš
ã
֮ǰ͵âϢâӳƺΪӦþǼá
Ǽã㴳Ҿâɱ¾ҾâӣҾâ˲ɣ
ϣµϢޱȡ
֮ƣ
ﾪȣòֻǴͨӵߣصĴ֮ƣվڵϣ˷·ʹһ壬ûκ
˼
˫΢ս
ʱӰԶ
֮ˣһˣһīĳۣں֮£һ˵Ķߡ
ұ֮ˣһˣĶС뺷һ֣â¶ȣ·˼֡
âףͨӵߣǻ֮ƣһʦ
Ŀ⣬ϡ
ˣﲻҲ֪Ǿâ
Сޣ츳봳Ҿâ㻹һ㡣
ںµڣͳ˻ƣת˲ʧԭأһߴֱܳӳ˵Ϣӳϯ档
ָоóϢɫһ䣬ϵ
ٶȣ̫ˣ
磡
ɶһûг֣ʧԭɲǣ嶯ˡ
𣬷·ڵķֶ֮£ת֮䣬ͽٶȴﵽ£Գֵ˻ȥ
ʱŻ˿侳ߣڵܿ⡣
һĻڳľâ֮ˣһĿɿڴ
ǾâУ޵еĴڣò񻰵ŮӾͶͻˣ
ۣ
һѪ³ɿݵϣ¶ɵ֮ɫʱǰŮӣ侳أ˺һ֮ơ
ɶɱ
Į䣬Ŀ⣬ڼúͼ׵ϣĶ֣ˡ
ǣ硣
ɶˣ·һ磬Ӱûڿ֮䣬ɶ֣֮Ӳܿ죬ֱɶش
âøǣҴҵ뿪Σ
ڣЭˣ˺һ֮Ƶ侳ߣܿģҲ侳ߣȴδ˺һ֮ơ
Ȼû
ɶ£ԽԽǱ
ʱųԼúͼ׶˳֣â⣬ִһˣֵΪ׵ĵħӣߵľâӣΧ棬ߵģǹ¡
Իͨͨļ׺ͼãܵĪѹ
Һĵʤ˷ֺȻͱִˡ
գڵ۶īʯʥԺѪͨǣŵԻɱͬĸơ
ҩȥѪͨ˳˯
񣬳ܻѪͨ
αس죡
·󣬳·֮𣬷ٺӡ
УһɵӰ۳Ρ
ڳﶢ׼ã׼ֽһɱʱȻط֣׺ͼòûгʤ׷ƺõһ㣬ͻȻɶӴܵ嫵ϻ֮ơ֮ƣ
䣡
ôҲû뵽µĶͻȻ͵Ϯ˲䣬㲻Ͻ׳ɳȥݺײڶϡ
һĻֻǳɶ͵ħ֮סˣǾâǣҲסˡ
ʲô
㡭ǡΪΪʲô
ü٣ԳŲ˶ã׺ͼˣЩ˼顣
㵱ΪɱҾâֵܶĸԸ㣿
ۿȻڣֵ꣬ܶ˵Ƕġɱȡ˶Ϊ˾âµĶǵʱ΢ֻȨ֮ƣ֪Щһֱڵһ죡

ЦˣЦЩࣺҡֻޡֻ޵ûɱǡֻǡ
ô˵ܿܡ
Ŀһһ̧֣ɫ·һƻ棬ֶ£ĵͺУճ˻ҽ
ؿ˼һۡ
ʱֿֵܴñǶ㣬ڣֵܶ˵ɳȡ֡
׿ʱҲϵĴ֮ơͨ
µضżףϵң
˵ʮУ츳֮ˣҲֻʮ÷зĳˡ


158 ɸѡ
ܴ˵Ǿâɫʦ𣿡
￴ףʡ
ԣæɫҵֻһЩѰҩѡ
գɱֵܶˣʲô㣿ʡ
ɱǣ
׺ͼЩ£Щš
ԣɱǡǺЦڼ˿ǸĪ⡣
ֻǣ治ɱǣʲô
ֵ꣬ܶ䵽ʧǣЩڳǵʱâĶǾ£չмӡ
ǰâΪâĶ󣬳žâչ֮ʱͻº֣ɱȡ֮Ϊ˾âµĴ
ʱΪʦüֵֵܶˡ
踺أʱ޿̲űȴһֱҲᣬգˣΪǰɱĶ˱˴
ñʲô㣬һʱ䣬ЩãȻ
ǿѡ£ֻǣӽǲǾâĶֻͨӡ
˼׺ͼһۣǿһ¡ȻܶԾâ׳ԼһҲйͣʱǻлΪ
ĿһѵͲģպǻԸһԸ㣿

ü˶ĴµȥֵˣһΣҪȰջظղŵĻ˭֪￴ҡҡͷгӣ졣
Ҳçײ֮ˣԼĴ㡣
׵ĻһЦν˲ɣ˲ãΪҪģ
̤â֮ǰâʱھâףȤ
һɫʦˮƽʮУҲŽǰʮ
âʧǵĵҩ̣Ĵ󲿷ֵҩһƵġ
˵һˣ˾âĵҩ⡣
ԭΪԼҪ¾â׵ʬ˭֪ͻ˱ʣâ
ƽؿųڣԽԽ͸ǰˡ
ˣֻ侳ߣȴŲֵܶ˵ʵպǳɳĴڡ
ò˵ֵܶˣھâʮ꣬뿪ǻ᲻ϰߡ
һ£˴𰸡
Ը£Ϊâͨӡ׿
ǿȷˣҳ˵ǰͷ¿ԣǸҸʲôҾٷŹǡ
￪ڵͬʱϵƳ죬صơ
һĻüֵܶɫ䣬ʶԼ˻С˳Ϊ侳صˣĵƣȻٽ˺һ֮ˣһǣ
ǰʮʱ䣬ɳεȿµĳ̶ȣ
ȷ
һΣ׺ͼöˣͬ
ܺáͷ
漴ֿâӣһʱ䣬ЩâٴУɫɷף
Ը˳Ϊµľâ
ǶԸ⡣

Щâӣ׷׿ڡ
Щâһۣﵭ˵ڸ·һ뿪âģɱûκ塣ɸѡͨɸѡ֮ˣھâͨɸѡ֮ˣ
ͨɸѡ֮ˣ
һ仰Щâӣ׷ɫ䡣
ʳɸѡȴҪʲô
һâӣ̲סʡ
ǶԾâҳϡﵭڡ
ҳϣ
Щâԣˡ
ֹǣǼֵܶˣֵܵˣһ⣬ҳϣο飿
ҳҪο飿
оâʡ
ڲ͸¶Կ϶һ㣬ҵķҵĶ壬֤˭ҳϡ˭ҳϡѡ֮ˣǲͨɸѡ·һԣǻҪؿǣɸѡ뿪â뿪âǿԻúܺá
Ŀ⣬ɨΧľâӣЩâӼϰˡ
⣬ʮʮһĵ̡
⣬ʧǣâµĲҵУвٵĵܾâӣаʮ侳һߡ
ڣҪȽߵ£źǰȥƾâʧǵĸҵ
˳ȥ
Ը
ȴӵħˣ˳˾â
ڣҸʱ俼ǣǲģǵԼͨɸѡģվǱȥһ뿪
ָָͨͨ
һʱ䣬âϰٵӣʮվ˳ȥ
˴ͷʣµһҲ˴룬һʱ䣬Ըɸѡľâӣֻʣʮˡ
ȷҪɸѡҪ֪ǲͨɸѡǾ͵
￪ڵͬʱϵʮˡ
һʱ䣬ܵԴԳ˫ѹȣ뿪µֻжʮˡ
ܺá
΢΢ͷʮˣЦǳɹͨɸѡȫµľâӭǡ
ͨɸѡ
ʮ߸ûжľâӣЩ¡
ⶼô£
һ׹ԭλԵħĳղ˵һУʵڽɸѡ
Ƕʮ⣬˶ûͨɸѡ
ףá
վȥһЩʱˡ
ʱ׺ͼֵܣϻ֮ơ֮վȥľâӣһ֣ʹʮâӵ
ʱʣµľâӲŷӦâµĶҪɱ
˭û뵽âλ¶ղһʼڽɸѡ
ǣûͨɸѡ
ĶЩֻ侳ΪľâǶ֣Ƭ̹ʮˣʣµ˷׷׵ӣӣ
һȺˣâ⡣
ֻǣâ⣬ֵΪ״ӵħ֮ˣ͵õ档
Գľâӣ侳֣߳ЩâûһܳΧϵĹ»Ұ
ɱ¾ҽš
侳ǿߣɾЩǰâֵܵģһâѪȣûͨɸѡľâӣûһ¡
â⣬ֵܵˣۿһʤѩŮ߳¶羴
һֱڴ漣
֮ǰ˸˵ʵʮʮһâζҲŶʵ
ȻգѪֶΣ˵һС
λµŮӣֱͲһ࣬ǵͣӵһΪΪ

ֵܣͨɸѡĶʮ߸âڣ߳âĳ
λǾâµĶ
עдʮĴ棬ʮȥʷУǰеĶ츣أûгֹôĶ
ǵĶʮȺӣעԶ


159 
âʮʮһǰеĶ츣ء
ʮУǰеĶ츣ᾪ壬һΣҲ⡣
âϢȥյϢˣһʱ뵽ģǵʮâȡ֪֮ʱ׷ʯ
ħʮʮ˶âȡ֮
ӵʮ˶ħʮһâʮ߶֮䣬֮ȻһΣħ˾Ȼâȡ֮
ħһʱ嶼
رǰħľâǳΪʮֿȵ
˵âʮͷ
ʮͷΪʮʮһƺš
һʱ䣬ââɸеһЩСͬ˲ˣʮ֮ˣ׷˺ͬʱҲϣܼϾâһ档
ϧҪʧˣΪҪݼâ˶֪ǶոձչҪһʱܳء
ۿݷ֮һһ뿪վھâڵˣһĿ⸴ӡ
뽫âȡ֮Ѿա
ڶֶ£âʧǵĲҵҲȫƿأʧеľâӣҲ˳µľâ¡
Ǿâһж졣
ʮʮһâԪʯ֮أԪ֮ԣܼԪʯˡ
̲ס̾
磬âֻǵʮһѣǰʮ϶á
һʤѩɶ˵Уż⡣
ɶʵҲֻռݾâʮǰʮĶ츣أһһǿ˵ʮⶴһλ侳صĶڵھŶԶ侳صĴڡ
ҡͷһ̾ʮǰʮĶǷ֮
ˣɶºһ뿪һˡ
ɶ˵º󣬱ھټ֮ˣǰɹμӺĵѡεӡ
ӦѪϣʱУڲμѡΡ
˵ɹѡΣΪпᣬīʯ۹Լ۹¸ǿߣɹ֮սλ
Ψǰʮϯλ֮ˣܳΪɹĺĵӡ
ѪϣҲһǰɹһе֮ˡ
ȥģҲȥġ
ɶܼ
һЦһ㶼⣺ģҸѪ˵ˣʱһȥ
š
ɶ˳ͷҲûºҪȥʲô
ʱ䣬ﵹҲû׼أԶΪ
һ侳ΪŸչʱҪͻƣһ׵¡
Ѫͨĳ˯һֱǳеһĽᡣ
ɶ뿪˾âʧǡ
쵤󣬳ٴβС
쵤СˣԻϵóֻǣԳʱȴзֺ
Щȣ֪ҵݣ
С˿Цȥ֪ݣʧ֮¡ڳݣʮУ˭˲֪˭˲
֪ҵǲ٣ϵóҵ˿ɲࡣ
Сһۣ·ܿ͸˼
Сԣʱһϣ˻⣺һε쵤󣬿Ҫ
棺ΪΪҪ
СֱԵ˭֪â£һλɫʦס쵤У˵⣬ҩʦƣҲᵽﹺһ㵤ҩ
ף
Щȣû뵽׵ô
˵Ĵ㣺һҪʦǰϣΪһ£һЩҪ
Ƕ
СЩɡ
ҲǶƵģ
һ
С˵ͷǡ
֪ܷΪһ¡￴Сˣ
ҲΪǸǸԸֱӶԻ
С˲˵
ֻ쵤С˶ѣ춴ӣ춴꣬ҲֻһΣأײβ
ͷˡ
Ŀһһ̧֣öƷԪʯͳݸСˡ
˭֪С˰ֻؾܣ΢ЦҿɲԪʯǸ֪϶ҵƤ
ݸ
С׼쵤ʱһҴӿɢСֵܣּˡ
ʱһ˳޵ؿ˳ߵɶһۣͿ˳ЦЦ·ͳޱȡ
㡭֡
ЩȻû뵽쵤󿴵ˣˣӡ̣ǵҸյʧʱ뿪ġ
ʱȹƣһƿٻ

С˿
°ɣҵСֵܣкˡ
ĵԸ漴ˣСֵܣ
ɶ󣬽쵤ҡ
ҼΪһãк£Цҵû뵽ոյʧǵСֵܣֻһʱ䣬ͳΪʮâĶõСֵ뿪ȴССֵܡ
˵ԳһЦ
֣Ҳû뵽㾹Ȼ쵤ĸ
ҲЦ
쵤󣬶춴ԵҪԣ֪쵤춴еĵλԲ͡
֮£ɨȴ֣·ʯ󺣡
侳ء˳һۣ͸˳Ϊ
ֵĪ⣬˲¶ࡣ
һ̾ΪֻǸƭƺȵľƹ˭뵽Ȼ˵̡
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһۣ֣գ춴ū·֮ʱҲң
ﻹǵã춴ūӾʱ춴ūӻӳͻԭڵĻ̬ȶ䣬ֻûƽϣ͢͸
ʱЩ֡
˭ڰа
춴ūӻӵĻ춴ҲǸ߲ı֮ˣԲ򵥣춴һ߲㡣
ڣ֪ݣ̲סʡ
أ
ûشһЦ
Ȼûлش𣬵Ҳܲµ£ʮ֮˾žڰ¿ҵ֣л
һЦǶˣҲԵܰæģҲܾһ쵤Ҫȥʲô£
֣һǰҷ˴쵤õ
˵⡣
ʲô
ԣʱɫ䣺㡭
ǡ
ͷ
գǸһսƷʵǣʱʩչɵͨҲԶǶֻ֣Ҳ
ʱľͲǸƣ


160 Ԫ̨
˸˼츳ͨߣܾʹ˳˯پѣ츳ͨǿߣٶҪ˯֮á
üͷ𣺡˭
ﵭһЦȥˣҷ֮ˣ
硣
ڳ£ɶһ֪ʶ磬Ӧɱʱ
ɶģûµġ
ҡͷһЦɶôģȫǵ֮ɫ
츳ͨʲôͨ
Ƭ̣ʵ
ͨûֱԵ
ͨ
ͫһʱ𣬽һǰĸ׸˵Уͨӵߴڡ
ڿǸͨӵߣǰĳˡ
ͨӵߣݹīʯ۹ҲǷëǰĴڣɲΪлͬʱͨӵߡ
ͨĻǲõģʱ䣬Ӧþ¸Ӧͨ
˵
ʲô취ǰҵͨѣ
ʡ
ͨӵߣɾͨǴͨɵͨȻ£ȴĵƣǹؼʱ̣׾ٱ¶ŵơ
Ͼɵͨڰͨǳ䲻⡢һɱ
쵤Ҫ֪ǷʲôѪͨǰѡ
ºҪѪǰɹɹĵѡΣʱҪԸǿߣΨѪͨѣԷɵͨʾˡ
ֻǰʱѡ
ɻ󣬳Ϊô
һγ¾âӦǸ˷ĴۣӦԸâǰˡ
֣а취ʡ
취ҲûУ壬һط֮ΪԪ̨ڼԪ̨һ£ǿͨӦлѡ
˵
Ԫ̨
˫һ⼫Ԫ̨ȴںδ
̾СֵܣԪ̨ͲˣڵʥأԪʯġڣԪ۳̶ȣΪ嫣ڵ侳ǿ߱չ֮УΨ츳ߣлᵽһһš꣬ڼԪ̨£ʱ䣬̤侳صͳɹ̤侳ء
˵ʱ¶Ľ֮ɫ
Ԫ̨ڵ֮
̤侳أڼԪ̨£̤侳أ
û뵽һһųľ
ȻţԼлᵽԪ̨ȥԼȡõĳɾͣڳ
֣û취ˣ
̲סʵ
ҵڼԪ̨ĵطҪȻû취һ̾
Ȼ֪һ취ֻǣǼǲܵ¡
ֵҩ˵īʯ۹ݹ򣬿ҲûʦƣǴ˵еĵҩ
л֡
վ׼뿪
պлᣬɶЦ
һ
ͷɶ뿪
뿪˫𣺡û뵽ճʧǵСһ񶼳ʮʮâĶٿηԭΪУ츳Ҳֻڵĳʤңȴû뵽˵츳ȳǿ
ɶȻȥȥһڡ
ｫɶͻ˾â󣬾ڷȥ
ȥý̤פأһʱ䣬ͱѲߵߡ˸ڵΧס
âѪϡ
ЩϿѲӵĵӹ֣
ǳ
ʱڵӾ˼ؿų
ȻУâ¶ʮͷﶼãŶ٣Թʵ
Ȼۼǲ֪˿١
λʮͷˣµħ֮ˣǿâϢֻǾʮҲڡ
ԵȣΪȥ
ǿߣ۵ʲôطܵ𾴣ЩѲӵӣٲҷõһԡ
һˣкһС
ܿ죬ǰȥͨڵӣڿն𣺡Ѫ롣
лλ
ڳڵһ֣΢Цлڡ
ܴâĶᣬûһеĳԣҪǿˡ
һڵӣ̲סֹ䣬ڳ·ǿߡ
꣬С㣬𣿡
Աߵڵӣ̲סѡ
λͣȡĳɾͣʱԶ츳ȳǿ

Ȼ֪뿪ߡ˸ڵӶڿ
ǳεִҲᳵ·ִſڵڵӣϵˣͷһЦͷȥ
ִУѪϺӢ϶ڣѪƽž޲ӢϣǺЦʲô£Ҫǰæ
ƳӢҪλϰæ
ֱ˵
˵
ѪϿڣɴֱӡ
˵뵽Ԫ̨ȥ
ﻰһ䣬ӢϵЦ˲̣Ѫ˳һۣô֪Ԫ̨
Ѫϣ֪Ԫ̨ص㣬Ҫλ취ܽԪ̨£ָҵͨ
λִϣϿҵ
ָͨӢϺ档
ѪϣƳϣҷ̾˿˵
ʲô
һ仰Ӣɫ䣬ѪϣҲ̲סݡ
ԭܴħ֮ˣâΪһӢĿ⾼
ǡ
󷽳Ȼಢˡ
мԪ̨İڣҲ¾ͨ
ӢüͿ֪ºҪǰɹâαؼһʱ
ӢϣҵͨͨмԪ̨ڣӦͨѡ
ٴοڡ
ò˵ڷųľϣ룬ĮѪ˫Ҳ̲סһͨ
ǡ
ͷ
ѪӢһۣ˲䣬˾˽
ͨӵߣмԪ̨ȷʵл¾ͨ
ӢɫأֻǣԪ̨ʥأƽʱֻ̤룬Ҫڼλ̫ϳϵҪѡ
ԣҲ⡣
һ㣬ѹˡ
Ŀ⣬Ѫϵϡ
Ѫ˳һۣ˵ҿ԰ȡȥԪ̨ĻᣬǣйأΨڵӣʸ̤뼫Ԫ̨ҪԪ̨ǳΪҵ״ӡ
üͷ
ģΪҵ״ӣǰţţ£ֻҪҲܣܹܡ
Ѫ·ܿ͸˼˵


161 λ
Ѫ㡭
ӢĿ΢Ѫ˼ҪִһεϼԪ̨Ļᣬø
УΪߵִߵ֮һִƿء
УѪΪףѪִ֮ףҲִĵ
ԹŴԪ̨Ĵڣһֱڵ֮ء
꣬¹أߵÿһÿ꣬һ̤ϼԪ̨ĻᣬƽʱԪ̨ڵ侳ǿ
Ȼг־˫ĵӣ

꣬Ԫ̨Ϊ
ִÿһεϼԪ̨ĻᣬȥԪ̨һ꣬ӢϼԪ̨
꣬ԭӦֵѪȻѪô˵Ǵ㽫Ļᣬø
Ӣò
ϼԪ̨£Աƽʱ꣬Ԫ̨ᣬѵá
Ѫֹ̧֣Ӣ˵ȥΣ
˿Ѫ϶˵ϣȻû顣
Ǭ½Уһ֮ˣΪɻľǰţҲǳû˼ԭ
㵱ѪϳڣҲ޶ԡ
ŵ
ѪϵĻȻ⽫ڣҲó˿ӦȨ֮ƣǲ֮ͨˡ
Ǽ
һ㣬ı䡣
ۣ֮פصĽǹ°ΧУִӰ
Ѫն𣬸ɽ磬˫
ûã˾һɽڣѪͣס˽ŲִѪüԪ̨¡
ɻѪڸ˭˵ɽ֮ڣһϵƮ촫ʱִһˣϼԪ̨Ϊʱ¡
ǡ
Ѫͷȥһ£չ
ͷֱȥ
صâȥʼҲ˳ֻǣɶʱȴܵ谭
磬Ҫȥôãɶһȥòã
ɶ΢죬һģ
ЦɶºҾͻˣʱǾּˡ
˰칦򣬳Žɶ
գٴ̤ڡ
ִѪ״ӣüԪ̨¡
ɽڣѪݶ롣
ס
ɽ洫һףѪյˣ
ǣʦ
ѪӦ
ɡϵݶ
Ѫͷ̤롣
ɽտޱȣո̤룬͸о˷Ϯɽ磬ɽ֮УٲȻżѹ
Щѹ޷Ӱ쵽
ڣ߹ɽĿһɽȣɽУһƽ̨Χź嫰Ԫ
ǼԪ̨
ﰵ
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬ӼԪ̨ƿתƵԪ̨Χλˡ
һλˣ޼ɽڵĻݲݣ۾񣬷·κζ޷ŵ
һλˣһʯǰʯһ̣˫ִָһɫӣԼںԼģ˷˼
һλˣվԶ·ڣ΢ЦؿųѪյĵӣ
ǰ
Ѳ²⵽˵ݡ
ûв´ǰλˣӦöڵػ񣬵侳һĴڡ
侳Ȼ¡侳ߣ侳أҲΨ˺һ֮ʱŻһڵĸоǰλˣκζƽվ·ܺڣ̫ˡ
ﰵ
ȥɣֻʱ䡣
̧֣ƶڳǰ棬𶯣һɫĽԶļԪ̨չڳǰ
⡭ʲôֶΣ
ͫһǰԼʮ׵Ľݣ۶ɣ˷˼
ǵ侳ǿߵ
ѹе𺳣̤˽ݣ˼Ԫ̨
ʱ֣ɫĽݣƾʧڿ֮䣬óĺݺһ¡
ԭһΪ̤侳أЩ԰Ȼ񿴵˵ֶΣ֪죬ˡ
۹µȫǻڣɼˣڣǿߴڡڻУڻ֮磬иǿĴڣڻ֮磬侳ֻһѡ
һɲǣеһ˿԰ǿǰڵ㲻ʲô
Ԫ̨һʯ̨ȫɼƷԪʯɣ̤УԸܵ˷£Ԫ
ʱ﷢֣̤ϼԪ̨ʱ˷ϣȫԪָ̨ϾչҪһĻ
̤ɽʱ￴Ԫ̨λãЩơ
λ˿ţʹþͨ
ֻͨǸͨȴҲĵƣϣ֪
񣬼Ԫ̨Χϣ˵ĵĶǶġ
ò˵⼫Ԫ̨īʯʥԺͨʮϵңǿ̫࣬һΡ
ѹ˵ܵϼԪ̨ǰͨ
ͨնɲǼ䣬Ԫ̨ϻ̬ԪԸٶȾ£ڳϵ߲֮ڣԪŨ̶ȣ̬Һ̬
ԪϪˮһ㣬˳ڡ
µļԪ̨ƽԪڡ
Ԫ̨ԪʯġΪʵԪʯ֮ء
Ԫ̨Ԫ˷£ԪΪ⣬ΪΪ嫣
£ɱꡣ
Ԫ̨˵
Ԫ̨ϵĶķ𣬾λˣҲֺ̽
ȻԪ̨ϿԪ𶯣ȴ̲סĿ޼ݵˣԼԼˣ̧ͷżԪ̨ķĿ¶졣
ô쵽ģ
λˣվڵ۷壬һȻǰһУȴǶе˼顣
ǷܸӦԪ̨ˣԼΪµٶȣԪ
һߣԴԪʯԪ°빦
ˣԪʯ̲صԪ·𶼲ҪԪʯԪңԪٶȣΪš
ࣿ
λ˶е˼飬ǿĵʱҲδôĶ
һʱ䣬ǶڼԪ̨ϵˣֺ档
ѪһΣһõӣȥһģ۹⣬յĵӡ
ϼԪ̨ˣ̲ס̾
޼ݵˣ˵ͷСһȳǿˡ
˵꣬˼޼ݡ
ѪӦ׼СһºɹĵѡΣһΣܵõ˺һԲƵƬܴͻƵ侳Ρ
һλˣ˵һԼš


162 
ʱۣ׾Թ϶
µʱ䣬תۼ
ɽ֮⣬һɫ۵ˣ͵Ⱥƽɽ
ֻǣȻƽһ˫ӣȴ̲ס¶⡣
ڣɽ֮ڣһӰ̤Ӱ˳࣬Ϣ·ܵһδ϶µϴһ㡣
侳ء
Ѫһ۾Ϳ͸ǰ˵ΪǺЦȻûʧ
ʦ
ɽ߳ˣȻǳѪѪ
ΣڣѪ״ӡ
ڳﲻʦ߳ƺʦ𡯳ƺѪҲ⣺ȥ׼һ£պ
ͷһȥ
ɽɽ֮ڣ֪ʱλѵþһ𣺡Ź֣ǸСһйŹ֡
ԪٶȣټϼԪ̨̺֮ԪȻֻ侳ءôܣ
Ҳǲܣ˫ͨӵأ
˫ͨӵߣпܡ
˺Ԫ츳ͨǼΪͨǲ֪Сһͨʲôͨ

뿪â£Ƽ
ȻΪ˾ɶΪ˾ҵˣֻԼ֪
ɶ
յâϿգδ£Ϳվھâڵɶ
ɶһʤѩˣˡ
أɶؽӵס磬ڻˡ
Ѿͷô֪ҽ
ﷴֽɶӵס΢Ц
ɶڶվ˼ˡ
â棬߳ĺĻ
ɶ㡭
˫һӵɶ˫֣˼֣ɶ㷢Ȼķ㣬оԼģǰδе
ɶһֹҵĸо
磬ԺҪ뿪ɶˣ𣿡
ɶĽţԸ֣³ٴ뿪
ãӦ㡣
Ӧһɶĳŵ
ɶ΢׵ľգ¶˼Ѫɫ
ʱ䣬ɶʧеĴСסڳĿջ
ʱ䣬ɶЦݣͣЪ
Ҳǳɶһֲɡ
հ˷׼ɶؾâȥ
ɶų֣СϣҸЦݡ
գǲǸЪЪˣ
ճʧǣתƽؿ뿪ʧǵˡ
ǰͷ˸һ·ˡ
һʮߡӣӡ
û뵽㻹е㱾£ֱܷүĸ٣ߵŮˣԼɡ
ӵĿɶϣ¶̰ǰˣȷûʲô̲֮סа
Ůˣʵ̫ˡ
Ϣ
ȻҪҾһ̡
Ŀ̧֣۳һ䣬ϵЦݻûüͣЪͱնء
ٶ
֣Ѹ٣˶ûӦǷӦʱԼٶѾˡ
ʱһ˾ȥΪٶ
ˡ
ӹ˸տ壬Ȼء
ʣµһˣɫףû뵽˿£ʶٶյˣǿǰ򵥡
ٶ侳ء
ͬ飬侳һء
ˣʼգֻɵĵ⣬ͽɱˡ
㡭ǳ
ڣԺðһͷԽʰ
ʮͷ˿ʵ֮ˣʮֿȵľâ¶ɣ
ȥķҲ巽
֪ңҸң
˫ɱһš

˺Ȼڵأ嶼ʼҲǷ£ٶҸ㣬ҲΥ
ٶ
ʣһˣ
˲ҳɣʮʮŶ粨ˡ
Ƕ֮ӣ
￴һ۵˵ʬ壬ʵ
ǣǴĶӡ
˻æͷ
Ҳɱ㡣
￪ڣ˿ϲѣлллл
һû˵ꡣ
￴һˣȥ粨ǶʱڣԵҾâ϶ʮöƷԪʯ£ʹ˽ҹȻ粨Ȯ
ƽ˵仰ɶն巽ȥ
ֻһվԭأľ
ط粨
һ۵ϵʬ壬Ŀ˵ʬϣɫһٶˣȥ㶴âҲȻˣΪλҪȥ£ٶǳģҺθɣҺαΪ˶
һҧ̤ն𣬾෴ķȥ
ԣ׼ԶǷ֮ء
ʱ
ѣٷ粨
粨ˣûӦ⵽Ϯսһӣһ˳粨֮
֮һ侳䣬侳ߣûһ
粨ѪɺӣѪȵϢ
ڣ粨֮ڣ̤ɫսһӣһ۾ϳ˶Էɱ¾ҷ粨ӣȴΪΣ
֮ˣǷ粨
ΪΣ
֣þâ֣ͣһЦʱǰҾǵתһʱڣҾâ϶ʮöƷԪʯǽҵĻǶԷ磬ȻҪ˸ۣ𣿡
ʲôʮöƷԪʯ
粨λһ侳أһ侳أȻԳȴҷ
ǿɲСˣǾâ¶
â侳صĴڣŪˣοǡ
ǲ֪
Щ㵡
֪
粨λŭ⣬ҡҡͷ͸˴֮ˣ׷֪֮˭Ҫ䴦
ʱǰǷ粨ٶˣҵŮˡ
һۣ￪˵
ӣ
粨ԣɫ䣬粨ֻϥһӣû뵽ԼĶôۣȥǾâ
ҳ㲻ʲôȴҲѹ֮ҽٶһɱһתǣʱڣҾâ׶ʮöƷԪʯѵûлط粨
Ŀ⣬ЩŹ֡
Լˣ粨˫𣬳ޱȣ·Ҫ̵ֻǣȴҳ֡
֪Լ֣ɣ
ǸǿΪǬ½ӿûˣʲôûˡ
ȷʵҷ粨ʮöƷԪʯҲóֻǣԸ֮ˣȷʵû
ЦЩΡ
˵⵹һˣ
Ծʡ
ǣᣬᡣ
æͷѪ粨Ӣ¾һգʣµˣһЩб


163 
ȻᣬǱˣֻǣƷԪʯ
ﵭڣ˸ź⣬ڷ粨ϣ·ֻҪ˸ҿڻؾҪٴžâӱɱ¾һ㡣
ǣǡ
æͷӻȡöƷԪʯɫѿޱȵĴҪƷԪʯϹϾ͵˳ǶʮöƷԪʯ
š
ͷƷԪʯ󣬴žâ֮ǰͷһЦᣬǱǸˡ
᣿
粨ͷ粨̲סһ顣
һᣬٵǷ粨ĸҲ̫˰ɣ
һ뿪粨ŻҩϢ
Ҷ
˫Ŀ죬һ̣о
ϴ󣬽ڰﲻܶԸġ
̾˿
һ˫˸ų޵Ĺ⻪˶ɡ
ա
磬Яɶ̤ɽš
ִѪȡ˳ɽţִִ
ʦ
ִ߽ѵȴѪ
ˡѪ˵ͷĿڳߵɶϣһ죬ȴҲû˵ʲô
Ѫ߰ɡ
֪ʱӢڵ߳ߣһͷͷЩݣһû˯ѵӣǳ
ճϡ
µͷݡ
ӣִ֮һѪӢĴڡ
òòѪŹײöˡ
һЦֻС۾һס
ӣǶûдˣ
ѪƽϵЦ˲̣˸ѪЦЦ
ݸλʦִҲǿĴڡ
ִ֮ס
ɶѪפصмӶȥܿ죬һƽ̨ڳС
һƽ̨̲ס˼ŵ̨̨֮ϣѪɺӵĳһҲˡ
֪ʱ˫ȭϵĵƷ·ʱй
硣
ɶԸоĲס
ع
ƽ̨֮ϣվŶʮˣˣˣˡ
ִˡ
Ｘ˽£ʱɶΪ˽ڡ
գߵÿһɳһλɫӣǰɹĵѡΣı컯
ִˣִϹˣڳ֮˶ԣףȥδڳ̲֮סһ

ѪӢӣ֮󣬶վеһλ
һϮɫۣҷüüĿϷһ
޾
޾ѪĻ˵ͷĿڳɶϣѪʦܣλǣ
ǰµ״ӡ
Ѫܳ
ԭڼԪ̨µλˡ
޾Цˣ·κ£
Ԫ̨
Ļڳ˷׷ɫһ
ǰѪΪͽ󣬱㽫ִ뼫Ԫ̨Ļ
ˣĪкγ֮
һɲǣڳ֮ˣҪ̽ΪֻǣȴôʲôЦٲãҲѪϵĵӡ
Ѫϣ֮УҲĸ
һλųϲһֳأλųϰ˸˵Ҷ

ǰ޾
ǰһλīʯ۹ڵվīʯ۹Ĵڣ˲С
ãá
޾һЦ˵ãѪʦأȻѡΪǰɹҲĹ֮
ˡ
ǫһЦ
λǡ
޾Ŀ⣬˳ߵɶϣ͸¶ֲ졣
λžյŮӣվ͸¶ϢоΪϤ
ףֻ˺һ֮ƵߣϢ

һʱ֪νɶȻڷ粨֮ǰ󷽳ɶŮˣɶڳ˵ˡ
Ůˡ
ɶվǰһס˳ļǳǳһЦ罵ٷŮ
޾Ȼû뵽ɶôɴ࣬һЦˬֱŮޣãá
֮ʣɶڣó̲סһ̧ͷɶֻɶһ˫Уˮ
һ̣оԼķ·𶼱ڻˡ
ز䡣
У˳ŵ
ƽ̨֮ϣλӣɶֿʼĿͱɶɶ󷽳ǳŮˣλӣɫôÿ
ʲô֣
޾ʳ
ֱԡ

޾һִѪ⣬ڳ˶̲סһ
֣̫Ϥˡ
ʮ£жᴫڡ
رâΪʮʮһâҲصעĶ󣬾âȻҲǾڡ
˶֪ʮһλţʮͷʹ˾âΪʮʷǰеĶ츣УĶʧܱ
λţâµĶǽС
㡭ĪǾǾâ¶
޾¶ֲ죬ʡ

ͷ
޾һЦѪѪʦܣǺֶΰ
Ѫ΢΢ͷκ˶ˡ
Ǿâ
һʮͷɱâǰʵ侳ߡ
δ˺һ֮ƣһʲǶ֡
Ѫڰа

ǿߣ׷ţһʱ䣬ųɱʵ
Ͼ侳ߡ
ﲻʮͷ̥￪ʼҲδʤ
һһţڳʱҲԶĶ֡
ΧɵĿۣ￴ˣҲˣԴˣ˿⣬Ϊ
ԡ
޾ˣһף㴫ţݴݣˣҲ򵥡
ҾͲ˵ˣվȻ֪ǴеĿġѵ룬ǱɣһΣִѪΪףȥһλϣǰɹ
޾ˣ
ǣ
ڳ֮ˣѪڣ׷
ߵλϣλǿߣһλǵľˣڿնӶȥһ·
ʦУλǳ
λڸǿߣһһ۲ȴϲ˭ǳһָо·С
ȻѪеõ˴𰸣ǰ뿪ˣڵ۶ǻϡ
ͷ
Ȼµһ㣬һжС


164 𲻸ҹ
Ѫе֪ǰɹ·Ļ۶Ǳؾ֮ء
һ·ϣɶѪߣ˵Ҳûʲô
âǰɱģ
պ󣬻Ϊģͬеһǿߣߡ
ɱΣɱΣ
ﵭһЦ·һ㶼ںô
ĻǿһϣڨڨһЦ˻ȥ
٣Ա˰ɣ˼ҿʮʮһâΪѪϵ״ӣȻм̸
һλǿߣȡЦ֮ˡ
ߣ٣䳰ȷб£ȥʡ
һɨȡЦ֮ˣﲻ֪Է䣬뿴ϷҲϵ
ҿɲĳһȥƨɡٵһЦ
٣ս
ټɵɵ٣ɫһͺȵ
٣߳ŭˣսս㲻ɣ
һͬΪ侳ߣʵ
Ҫս𣿡
ѪߵĶ̤նһɨˣǾڴ˵һսʲôʱֳʤٸˣֻܹԼˡ
Ѫ̹ǡ
٣ͣһ㣬ǰɹǻ֣㻹ͬ
һĳϣü
һĳϣҲоѪŭ⣬ǳ٣ֹһ־硣
һУԹۡ
ʱʶʦڵϡ
һ·Ҳƽ۶ʱ˲һµʱ䣬ٴ̤۶ֻĸо
ɶ۶Ϊ˾ţ
īʯʥԺʶչڵ۶Ψһѡ
չ֡
չ֣¶Цݣչ佻ȴæ飬ġ
˵۶ѪϵĴ£糾͵һˣסһҿջ
úϢգȳˣ뿪
Ѫ˵ʵڿջţ۶֮Уǿƣٳȥǡ
ǡ
ˣӦͷ
Ѫ뿪󣬾һҲɢڵļǿߣ̲ס죺ļ󣬾Ȼ⵽۶
Ѫ϶û˵ʲôԹʲôˬȥսսʤѪҲ㡣

ɢȥ󣬳üͷ
ڵĵλȷʵЩ⡣
⣬֮ŵĴ
һɹĺĵѡΣڴ˵У˳֮⣬ӸͨѡΣΪɹĺĵӡ
Ͼɹֻʮĵӡ
Ҳ˵īʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܣǵ۹µĸһž޵ǿߡ
طǰһٵĽŲǸɢȥһǿߣֻɫǺ죬ܵҸڿջСǴһϢǲ³ǰյ۶ʲô
ʲô
ոɢȥļǿߣмλڳϣ¾һ
ս۹ʮ󿡽ܵˣռҴүСʤ
ǿߣ˵
ͺԼһ㡣
ЩûǴһ·ԳǲôڳսʤУֵñ˭
·ҫҫһ㡣
ģ
ˣ׷Ŀһ
ҫڵҫΪ֮ˣǸͬܡ
īʯ۹ʮ󿡽е֮ˣһΣɹʮ󿡽ܵУʮ󿡽ҲС˵ǸУ̤侳أû뵽ᱻܣҲ˵
ڵ۶һʱ䣬īʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܣ˽⡣
УУռҼϥ³ӣ츳Ⱥռһһˣû뵽ˡ
ҹɶûлԼķ䣬ڳķ
ķ䣬ƻ
ˣ·ڵȴʲô
䡪
ʱ䣬Ȼţһʱһ죬﷿ٽֵĴƬ
ںµӰ簵ҹе飬˳ķ䡣
˸̹⻪̵ػ˳ɶ
ߣ
ɫһһ㣬ԷȻ˶
һ˸ս۶ʱͷԼ˶ˣȻԷͰͲסˡ
īʯʥԺ磬Ӧմˡ
һǣɶ֣αس֣ÿ˵Ĺ

̼䣬ɲǣͷ֣һӰͻȻԼӰ档
Ӱͨ
ɫ΢Էֻ߲ƣб
Ӱͨɱ֮У
磡
ɶ̤ǰһʱ쫷ϯ䣬صķϵĺӰ
ӰͨӵȻ죬˵ʵֻѰ侳أδ˺һ֮ƵǣɶĶ֡
ɶ֮ӰͨѸãâ
˺һƣЦѣ
ʱһм
ԵƥȭƣԴɱЯź֮˲ɶصķơ
ɶĽһոֺ󣬺
ֻһȭͽɶˡ
һ֮ˣڳ˵ǰ
մ
ɫһ²һ㣬ǵˣȻմˡ
û뵽㻹һǲ
մ¶ЦգīʯʥԺĻǸϼһޱȡգҵҪ˭ܾ㡣
˽ɱŮˣҡ
ȳӦΪ˱ҹζ࣬մӭٴƵɶһȭصȭ֣ڡ
ϵӰķȥҪɱ
ɶСġ
ۿɶնմһȭﾪͬʱ¶񣬶ŵӰ·ڿˡ
𣬳ͷ֣ͨ
ӴѪͨһ𣬶ʱãջ
ŭ֮ݶµ档

𣬺Ӱһĺˣ³һѪ
㡭
ûüڣ֣ӰΣɫģ覡
ѪˣȻء
մ
ɱˣŲѪֱͨմűŭ
ɶ˺һ֮ƣȴֻ侳أԶմƬֱ̣ͨͨմһȭ˷ͨ
ٻӰͨɣҡҡ׹
ôܣ
ۿﾹɱµӰ죬մͫһһ˼顣
ȻѰҾͳȫ㡣
һմĿתһȭ·Ҫֲ˺ѡ
ǳ
ʱڵ˶ϹǰһĻһ
û뵽ڵ۶Ȼгҡ
𲻸ҹǶĳޣ
ס֣
ڼλϣ䲻֪ʲô£֪ǰǱؽѪϵŭ
ֻǣһΪҲͺմ൱ҪԮȴˡ
磡
ɶ˫ո־ǿֻǣҡҡ׹壬


165 ռ
ϼˣģ

䡪
մһȭʯ쾪಻֮Ȼֹ
Ѫͨմһȭɢɢڿ֮䣬һ׹¡
մԲֹ侳أѵͻˣ
մһȭˣص˲䣬Ȼ
һ㣬һǰմɹ侳ص̤侳ء
Ϊռһλ侳ߡ
һɨֵļڳϣմһÿǵĹһȭЯƥ֮
Ҫﳹ׺ɱΪճɱ
ߣ
մһȭ¶ķЦ
ڳЦ˲䣬մǲʲôɫ䡣
մȭɲǣһѪɫĽâ·ƾճ֮УӶһĨ޵Ѫ

մҽУֵ˲䣬ȭͷϣ
ڳǰһеӰӰڳɫ֮£ӿϱ鲼ˮմĿ
Ѫϡ
ڼλֶ˿
ѪˣڲҪĵ±˳ˡ
Ѫ
մŭǣڵѪ
ѪմȻ㣬Բðɡ
մЦˣŭЦѪ֪˭ռҵմռүռҼ׵ܵܣ侳ߣɱң
ռң
ڵļλϺǿߣɫһ䣬ռңīʯ۹֮һ۶ĵͷߡ
û뵽ɱˣռҵˣռүմ
գѪһۣմ֮ˣȮ
մ˫֮䣬˸ź⡣
Ҳû뵽ﾹйϵǰڵѪϣԶҲš
ǵ۶ΪռүԼϡ
ռҵˣôȻ㲻ԸԲãҰ㡣
Ѫƽմݴɲǣմһݳ̡
ѪմĲӿһɺɫĽ⣬ϢմĺҪմ
մʬ壬Ȼء

˥ܵķ䣬һƬš
ڵļǿߣ׷׵λѪϻʲô¶óѹ֮УƽʱѪµľҲڸԤ
Ѫϣ̫Եˣ
ֱ޼ɵ
ǰ֮ˣôҲռүռҼ׵ܵܡ
Ҳһ˼飬Ȼ֪λʦᣬɱݣȴҲû뵽ʦ֪մݺ󣬻һɱմ
ѵͲռұ
㡭ɱү
ںµˣ¶˼飺ںռҵ𣿡
Ѫɨһۣǽʬȥ죬ɱֵܵˣңѪ
ۿ˴մʬ壬ûڴ⣬һλ̤ǰһѪϣǲӦҹ뿪ռҵǿˣǿ¡
Ѫɨλڳһۣǲġ
˵꣬Ѫһ֣뿪˥ܵķ䡣
ɶиֵǣȥ

λϺǿߣһɻ
ѪϣΪλô˵
ɱռүռҵϵҪռʵ
¡
Լķ䣬Ѫȡöҩһö˳һöɶ
ʦǡ
ֵĵҩ˱ǣܸоⲻѰҩ
󻹵Ѫ˵
󻹵ﻹǵһ˵ֵҩûгɣֱӷ¡
󻹵ڼת˲֮䣬ﺧȻ֣ԼƣһּΪµٶȻָš
ָֻٶȣֻҪʱ䣬Գ׻ָ
һߣɶ´󻹵ｻ磬λʦ򵥣Ȼд󻹵
ɶ֪󻹵
棬ʡ
ɶӦһ磬˵󻹵󻹵˵ֻе侳ϵʦƣǼѵõ˵ҩ侳֮ߣֻҪһڣһö󻹵Ȭ
ɶһɻûи˵˵֮Уƴ󻹵
ʱĻ֪󻹵󣬿ѪһۣĿ¶м
˵ȥѪʦͽƣֻڻĻһѪ˼ֿľ⡣
Ѫֻɶĵҩ
侳ϵʦƵĴ󻹵ͨҩ
侳ߣݹۻ򣬿¶ǷëǰĴڣжδʦ
úϢһȳˣǾͳģռҵˣ
Ѫ뿪˷䣬ø˳ɶ
磬λʦء
ɶԳ˵
ЦʦԼ˽١
ܸоʦ˵Ƿʱţ޵ķʸҲ֪ʦţֱռҲ
ռңҹƻ
֮УռҼ֮£ռҵϵλͷˣһá
˵Ŀ⣬ڵϵʬϡ
ռүմ
ɱ
ܣ
ϼҼ֮£һ࣬͸¶ޡ
磬˭ɱܣ
ռүջ𡱣죬ɱ˸·ֻҪ֪ɱܵ˭ͻֱӳȥƴһ㡣
úýˣ£κ˲ôȥ⣬˵ܳԶȥˡ
ռҼ죬ɫһ
磡
Ļļֵɫ䣺Ϊʲô
ɫһ·Ը˵
磬Ҳʲôգֵܼ˵ܿ׵ܵܰѵôˣ
ռүੲݵ
ǰ𩳤ϱɱǼǿɻǵã
ףһ⼸λֵܿ϶ưոݡ
ǰ𩳤ϲ߻ħ𣿡
ջˣüͷ
𩳤ǵ侳ǿߣ˵߻ħ߻ħģգұ㽫ǰʵǣǰɱ𩳤ϵ𩳤Ϊﱨȥ˭֪Էɱˣ
ͳޱȣżֿ־塣
ɱˣ
ջ˶ɵˡ
𩳤ϣռҵĵ侳ǿߣǰϢһֱֻǼ֪˸޴֪
һֱΪռλ侳ǿ
ռһλ侳ǿߵϢȥƱػ֦ѡ
ԣǰǼ£ֻǼ֪У𩳤һֱúúõģռҡ
磬ѵαɱǰ𩳤ϱɱǼйأ
̲סʣЩɱ𩳤ϵǿߣжǿ
̾˿
ǰǼµ࣬ȥ𩳤Ϻռһλ侳ǿߣֻһ֪
磬˭
ִϣѪ
Ҳû
Ѫ侳𣿡
Ѫ֮ջҲ˵֪һպյɱݣѪ顣
ֻǣǰѪɱ𩳤ϵʵ


166 ķƶ
Ѫɱ𩳤ϣ軳ɡ
ռҼ죬Ȼ֪ԼļֵЩʲôǵͷ
ǰһĻ¡
ʱѪû֣ڸܺö˶վ
ڣҵľǿɻ飿
Ŀ΢ʵ
Ը
ջˣȻߣȴҲףѪɱ𩳤ϵʵռੲݣӭѡ
һϣˣע޷˯
УڵλϺǿߣռҵ˻һҹۡ
ֱڶǲʶѪ˵Ļ޵ķʸռҵˣû
ٴμʶѪϵء
ͬЩˣ˯úܺãѪĻŲɣֱתʱ֣ԼѾȬ
ɶˣҲˡ
⡭
ĳɶʱ˶һ˼顣
ҹĳھûһʲô鵤ҩɣ
֪õĽ𴴵ԳƣҲҪʮ²Ȭ
һ˵ȴڿջ棬ջ棬߳Ӱ
һˣѪ
һˣһϮɫۣ棬üȴż߳ջĿⱻɶһ󣬾תƵϣһЦǳʦܣ
˵ͷµǰ˵ݣӦþǳ
һһţīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һ

Ѫһ£һˣ뿪˵۶
Ѫһ뿪۶ûã۶֮У߳˼ˡ
ЩˣԵ۶ȥķһһ£ԣҲΪһɹĺĵѡΡ
һˣһλΪס
λˣϳīʯʥԺĸԺĻ
Ļ󣬸ȻС
ҹ֮ŵĿջ֮Уͨӵߡ
һΣڳһһͨӵߣҰĲ

īʯʥԺеĸ߼ѧԱ֮ŵĿջ£ҲյһЩ׷š
ͨӵߣ
ɫһĵܵܣǱͨӵɱ
ͨӵȻݹ۹δֻһˣڵӣܸ֮Ӧûʲôϵ
ߣһӣ·͸˸˼˵
ס
ͷģǾҵ
һΣֻҪܳΪɹĵӣͿԶɹȥѰţ϶ܽҳ
īʯ۹Ĳã֮ϣһȺȺӰд
ǣīʯ۹ĸڵ۹µĸǿ
Ӱûƶˣīʯ۹
ˣһˣһλˣͺͷӥ֮ϣĿ񣬸߿֮ϣɨǽ⣬޷ֺ
һˣҲһλˣϷ·ʱſµĽƣĿ罣·Ϊ
һˣһӣںɫ֮ϣĿ硣
СɹĵѡΣ۹ǿ̨ϣΪӮҫȻܳΪɹĵӣõɹĽٺòƬʦֶ̤侳
·һˣڴؿһֿۣ˿ͺͷӥϵˡ
ʦ棬Сףһʦʧ
ӵͷĿ֮У͸¶ּᶨ
ΪԼ֮һֵ԰
ڣͺͷӥ֮ϵˣ˫˫һɫ磬ûƶˣʧ۹£ߴֻ֮һӣһһڵ۹֮Уʮ󿡽ܣÿһ츳㡣
ʦ棬С̡ܽӹص
λˣǺϻڵǿ棬侳صĴڡ
һΣԶīʯ۹ɹ¹شλʦ治û뿪ţһͬǰɹ
ʦ֣ǰʱ䣬ΪСѰһ֮ŮһΪʥ䣬֮Ů˫ޣѾͻƵ侳أټ΢Բ֮ƣҲܺ͵۹ſһ¡
лʱҲһη
Ըˡ
±˫Ϣ
ϻһˣûԶ֮䣬ʧ
ߣǸңҶҪʬΡ
Ӱںϻ֮أңԶϻȥķ򣬽˵ӣнâ£·ŰһС
ӣǳ硣
׸硣
ڳߣһ񣬻ɢһλϢӣͷڣݣ΢΢һЦܣø⣬ѵô
һ׵⣬ȻֻǣСδΰģ
ģҲҵѪѪСѪ齡ȫ˵ܻúúõģɰġ
ӿο
Ĭ˵ͷ
ܣ۹ſɹҿڴúܣҵϣһЩ츳֮ˣĻ̫ʧ
ͷڵЦ·ܵߵ
ԣҡͷһЦ
λ磬Ϊһһˣ֮ףֱΪҲս
̫ӵ£үɹĵѡڼû̫ԣʱ䣬Ǹ·ɡ
һλݵƤǵˣڡ
ǣϡ
˶λˣΪ˽һ𣬻Ȼ١
⣬ƿնڲã֮ϣīʯ۹ȥ
ɹַΪɹ⿪ŵɹ
ӳһģǶ⿪ŵɹ
ɹһ֮⣬ռعһƶ˵վɽ壬ʱ侳߷Ӷޱȡ
һλڳϣɹһ˽⣬˽ܵǰһƶ˵ɽ壬Ƕ⿪ŵɹֻҪ侳ߣԵһԪ塯ǼǳΪɹļӣΪӺ󣬿ԵΧļɽȡһЩֻҪΪɹ˹ףܵõһĹ׵㣬Ԫʯҩ似ɽ壬һԪ塣
Ŀ⣬˳ΧڳָķȥֻԶһɽɽУȺ
ɽ壬һԪ壿
ϣ⹱׵ʲô
һڵӺʡ
׵㣬ɹеĻңĽԪʯ
ԭˡ
վɽ壬ɹĽɽ壬һһˡ
Ѫϣͦİ
һʮˣһλΪף˸ѪЦк
ƽ߳ϡ
Ѫˣͷ
ҲΪ⣬·֪ѪΪˣ֮ˣߵһߣɹ˵Ĵڳϸղ˵һ졣
Ǵڵˡ
ڵӣϳһˡ
ڣ
ﾪȣûǴĻڣҲīʯ۹Ķţ


167 е
壬ɹרΪ׼һɽ壬ÿһʱ䣬ɹӹǰɹ
ɹĺĵѡΣɹС
ʱţ̴ڵ˵һԶ
һˣĿһΪ֮ˣˡ
īʯʥԺԺĻ
￴ĻͬʱĻҲ˳Ļͫһû뵽һ档
ѵڵӣ
Ļ̲ס롣
ǳ
ߵŮҲڣڵӣ
ǰʱ䣬ڵ۶ŵĿջֳĶǳİɣλͨӵߣѵǳ
Ʊɱ֮ǰľҲ֮ѵǱɱ

ڵĸ߼ѧԱ׷š
ǳ
Ŀ⣬䵽£ڳϡ
ڸ߼ѧԱĻɣȻҲĻɣǰͳҵܸƣǱɱ
ղž֣īʯʥԺһУ˵ԷڣȻ
ԭӾǸīʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮һɱĸƵ׸硣
һսɱֻ˵Ǽˡ
ƽڡ
ˣЩȣرǳϵø񿴸Գ֮ǵģһ
ɱ˸ĵܵܣ
ǰʱ䣬ڵ۶һЩš
ǰ۶̷£һռҵūг£īʯʥԺѧԱɱɱѧԱǸ׵ܵܣơ
ѵǰǼ£ǳģ
һս
ɫһһһսԺΪһսļ֤ˣͷŻҵԼսʱ䡢ص㶼£ΥԺ˵ĻԺںεأ
һڣ͸һñӡ
뽫ɱȴҲףȻڵӣôڣܶԳΡ
£ֻ̧ԺĻѹȳ
ﵭɨ˸һۣվǰīʯʥԺԺĻ΢΢ǷԺˣԻæ뿪ΪҪֻǰȥҸƣһսһսƷνֶξһս£һֱԸԺĴΣԺԭ³çײ
Ļɫһֱƽʣڵӣ
ǡ
ͷȻΪѪϵĵӣȻڵӡ
Ļ˵ͷ˳һۣûٶ˵
Ȼɱҵܣɸһս
ۿԺĻûй˼ɫһվǰĿų
һޣҪɡ
ΪҪս
ЦˣЦú⡣
㲻ң
ɫһų򡣡
һνӣô˵ͷΪǵ˾Ƕࡣ

ʱһڸߴɹȻҲҪɹĵѡΣʱ㻹ûһս
˵ǡ
ȻһһɨɹĵѡΣԼңȻһΪҵܱ𡣡
ﲻмһЦ˵󻰣˭᣿ɶǱߵķ羰󲻴ǹȥ硣
ǣɶ֣һȥȫӡ
һʱ䣬ԸоΧŹֵĿ⣬ʼգı̬ǲмںһսû˾óǲҡ
ȷʵ򵥡
˳ıӰһۣ˸
ڳ֮ǰһһţ˵ɣɳֺԸоͬеųϺŵӣﰵﶼͳȽϡ
ٲȻۣ
ԴˣҲ⡣
Ϊܿ죬ͻ֤ȡǸ޷ȡõĳɾͣҲܸ
һһǿߡ
ɹˡ
ֹһӣϣ˵ͺ
һѸޱȵӰԶʻ£磬ת۾ͺ˽ϣֳΡ
ͨӵߣ
￴һĻĿ΢
һӣԲ׳˶ޱȣըףλɹӡλڹȥλ
񣬽ϣڡںīʯʥԺˣһˡ
ˣֻˣһλϡĪˣһλվɽӡ
ԼĪʮˡ꣬վʱ͸¶ķ֮ƣٲȻܺزһλ˺һ֮ƣһЩǿߡ
ĸ֮ˣ̤ն
һһ𣬳ϡܸоԶʱɨĳĿ⣬ÿҲ֪һĿˣ϶Ǹ
ɱƣ뿪۶ʱɵ
ڣϼԪ̨ʵǵ帶
ֻҪ˺һ֮ƣаսɱ
ղţսƽʱֱӾʹӦˣһ뵽īʯʥԺˣټϣжʥԺԺĻҲĻӣŻؾ˸ս
ɹĵѡ顣

ɶףһ棬ͺ
һ˸ԽԽߣµɹɹһĻ覡
µɹֻǶ⿪ŵɹ
ɹʲôأ
ڳˣ档
ڳ֮ˣɹ⣬ˣ߲㣬ɹҲɹ
һΣɹĵѡΣ֮ˣ̤С
ǿ
һڵۼ⣬ָԶﲻɹɣ찡ƶˣ֮СӴһе죬ɹôģ
ڵӾͬʱҲ˹ȥ
ֻԶһڿеӴ죬˵ǰ
һ죬ԶԶȥΧ·һתԻҫ£ԣֳ߲ʵĹ⻪Ǳһɫʺ֡
ʱӴڳ˵ǰ
棬һ¥ۼϵĹڡ
ɹ
߲ڣˣһɹơɶ칤
֣ɹڰ֮Уôģ
īʯʥԺһ߼ѧԱ̲ס
һʱ䣬Ѫϡƽ߳ϣīʯʥԺԺĻڣ˿ȻҲ档
һЦɹһе죬ǵȱǻѴɣ̺˾ǧƣǿɹ棬ȴǲ֪֧žŴǧתɹÿһ꣬ҪǧƷԪʯ
ǧƷԪʯ
ڣ˵ģݺһ¡
ɹǲƴ֣


168 
ǧƷԪʯīʯ۹еĶҲò
ֻǣÿһ꣬άֿеǧƣҪĵǧƷԪʯīʯ۹ĻңҲûô
ɹǻ֮һֱ͡
Ǹ˵뷨
֮еɹԿʱɹɹӣǸѲɹĵӣôǻᶯֶΣô֮˸ɱ
⣬ɹϡ
ûɹɹӣκ˲ÿڹֻ⹬
ЩѲӵɹӣ¶侳߽ǿߣ
ﰵ
ѲӵɹӣˣǶķ֮ƣ·ܺڣЩ˵ʵΪ¡
ɹĵ̣𾪡
̤е죬ҲɹԸܵ嫰Ԫ˷Х·Ҫѹ
ԪܺīʯʥԺͨʮҳԪˣ˵ģɹǿߣѹ֣ɹǻ֮һīʯ۹֮ϵĴڡ
ΧԪһ
ֹǳˣҲǾĪ
λɹλסںĵѡ֮ǰǾסǱߡ
кˣһߵһȺ
ȺΪӴһĸۡ
ܵЩۡɹλĿ׼ĿͷÿۡɾסˣƽʱʲôҪλȥɹӻᾡλ
ָ֮һʵ޻ĹڿͷۡСȺ
Ѹλһ䣬ס֮󣬾ҪߣǲСɹŭ٣Ǽλ¶ﲻ˸λ
ɫѵУĵѡ֮ǰֹɱ¾Ȼɹϣ֮ءϣλܹܺµˡ
һ仰ǶԼͷ˵ġ
ˣǣԤףλΪɹͻơ
һ֣΢΢һЦһٴλһ磬ֱʧ
Ȼ䲻в֮⣬Ը֮ˣȴ˿
ɹ֮һǿ˶ɵ
ĻӦҲˣɹĵѡ֮ǰκ˲ý֦ʥԺĪҲ顣
īʯʥԺԺĻֳ࣬Ŀ⣬ɨһʥԺĽԱ߼ѧԱڸϣˣ
ǣԺˡ
ͷĿ⣬ɨΪںĵѡǰҲɱ㣬ң⣬ĵѡʱңҶὫɱοҵ֮顣
ﵭһЦԸСᡣ
ɫһ̫ˣ
ĸԺĻҲҪ˵ģĵѡ֮ǰʵ㡣
ڵƽ߳ϣҲԼµˡ
ߣ
ѪͺһѪȶƣһϣתʧ١
ö˵ĶҪ˼
ţһˣѪĴ£סһİۡһ
ڣīʯʥԺǸ֮ˣҲס
ɶסͬһۡۡ㲻Ͽ˴´࣬䣬һǰԺǺīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱЩơ
ֻǣīʯʥԺ߼ѧԱҪࡣ
⡭
մһ֮ţ̤뷿䣬ͷ֣ԪΪŨīʯʥԺͨʮϵҡ
ɹ˸е˼飬ֻд˵ĿͷԪŨ˵زǻɹ֮أԪŨ̶ȣǸΪ£
һ̾
ֻǣǾ֣ɹӦòȱһǿ߲Ŷԣ츳ЩΪҲ͡
ɹΪλҪպĵӣ
ңֻնʮµǿߣңЩĵӣԲüɹڹԭ֮ˣֻɹҸ
Ѫе֪һɹĵѡΣǰʮ֮ˣܳΪɹĺĵӣܵõƬĽҲܵõһЩƬ
ɹô࣬˵Ҫرɲš
ܾãʲôŹ֡
ʵ뷨ģֺֹǳһˡ
ֻǣɹĽʵ̫ˡ
ƬҲ˺һ֮Ƶǿģһٳ˺һ֮Ƶ侳ߣͨʵƬӶͻơ
۹󶥼侳ǿߣһԽʵƬͻƵ侳Σ
ǵ侳ǿߣһͨƬ
ƬԪʯ
κڣΪ֮ġ
ɶǿɲҪˡ
΢΢һЦǣɶ裬ϣԶ
šɶӦ
ϴڵ۶ռүմ˵ֻۿ类ˣĸоϣٳ֡
Ҫʵ硣
ֶ֣߲ͨ¡
ԪȻһ䣬øΪŨҺ̬תƣԴԴ˳ɶڡ
壬Ӱ¡
Ϊһˣһλͺͷӥϵˣͺͷӥһ֣˽⼸˵ĲĿ
ΪǶϳͺͷӥգһֻǿ
콣һλͺͷӥյԱߡ
λˣ˲̽һ۾ܿһλǿĽޣ£Ʊˡ
Ʊصĺɫ£ıϣվһԼĪʮˡӡ
һ˫͸¶׺ݣһ۾ܿһˣΪݽĺˡ
ɹ
ǰһվɽ壬ǣǳǳĻȡ
īʯ۹̨
ӽֻ֮һɹĺĵӡ
һΪ̤侳أ
ʽ£Ӱ˽ϡ
Ϊ֮ˣӣߵӣͷڣ͸¶λߵϢһ·¡
ұߵӣòݣ˱ͦվ·һʱʵ
˵󣬸һλ۵ˣһƤǣ·ֻ̤˹ײġ
̫ӵ£
Ϊϻ֮ˣлҲʧ񣬹ͷڡݵӵͷ
λǰ
ң̫ɣԺϻڵλ棬Ҳûʧ
ߣ
ߵĳ磬һɨϻˣᣬĿ⣬ϣƳ£·Ҫû
ɫһϵӭȥ
һʱ䣬ϣš


169 ǿߡݹǡ
ϵĽƣ绯һ쫷磬Х̼˺ġơˡ
ˡ
ɨɫһۣ翪ڣˣ̫ӵͬΪӣֱ̫ӵµ
Ǻˣ
Ŀ磬ų磬ʽǵһμǰ֮ˣԷȴ·һ㡣
СƶԷϾǺ̫һˡ
˸Ƿ·ԸȥԹվһߣĿ
㣡
һ뵽ԷղչֳĽƣܵУһʱŭԡ
̫ӵ£λǡ
лǽޣڽرУղųĽƣѾ˺һ֮ƣ̲סһ
һʮҵˣʹ˺һ֮ơ
ҷܡ
΢Цܡ
ǽܳ磬úϻһͺͷӥϵλˣؿ˳һۡ
ˣţ
л磬ϲ츳ὣޣǼջܽΪӣպܵõĪҫ
λὣޣǰΪʦֻʱ⡣
ɫЩѿʦ浱棬磬ֱ޵ݡ
˫лһۣҵţ᰽ڡ
᰽ڣ
лȻû˵ţţ
ߣ
ʱͺһʦ棬˵᰽ڡ
ţл棬˵
ѵǿţ
ʦ棬᰽ڣԪһţֻš
֮䣬żֲмҵѹ磬˿顣
Ԫţ
лȻ΢Ц磺ˣȤǺϻڣΪл״ӣ
лϻڵļλ֮һһΪ侳أһλǿĽޣպ
лУΪĵӣĪĸ
ֻϧǳ硣
л
翴лһۣǺϻǸϲޣһٶʮһ꣬Ϊ侳صл
лϵЦݳ̣ɫһû뵽˽̴
ˣЩǲ˵ġлĿ罣·ܴ͸˫ۡ
ֻʵʵ˵лǰ߳ŭˣ
˿壬Ŀ⣬ӭȥ
ˣΪ̫ӵ³ҾͲҶ㲻ɣ
лŭˣǰˣԸҲˣƲˣ˿أ׼ŭ
лϣ·ʱܽɡ
Ųţ㻹治Ҷҡ
лһۣЦˡ
ΪܳԵʣԺϻûκκøУԺϻڵһûκκøС
Сӿ
лڱṳ̆ǰһϽƱǣ·ڣ˻Ϊֱӳ硣
۳磬ƽվԭأлԵĲһ㡣
ߣ
һߣ·˺գýϵΪ֮һǶԸоһ̺ŭ⡣
Ŀ֮£վɺͳ˶ˡ
˸ɿݡ壬·޿ƥеҲûʲôֻ̤ǰһлڵĽƣ˲
䣡
л׹ɳȥɲǣһ촫л壬һεĩ֧顣
ϣһƬš
⼸ˣ͵һԣһתע
һۿȥͷ֣λ˺һƵǿޣ侳߽׵Ĵڣֱӱɳȥըûܿ嵽׷ʲô
ǣЩ˵˲һͷ
侳ǿߣ
ˣǿĴڡ
ʦ棡
ɫɷףǰһУȫ
£лʦֻǽѵһº󱲣Ƿ̫ˣ
ͺͷӥϵˣˮŷ·Աһ紵ˣ˻ʡ
ɨӥϵһۣ˻ɺͳ󣺡ЩˣǺϻڵܽѵġˣҪ֪֮
һ仰ӥϵɫһ䣬ʶĲ򵥡
ѵҲǻ֮ˣ
˵һͷ
⼸ˣٴοɺͳĿⶼͬˣ˵ʲôе侳ǿԻɹ
ʱһը
µкϸ֮ˣλǰڹ
ܿ죬ͷ֣֮ˣƺǰ档
УʲӣһλޱȵˣоЩ֡
֮ˣʱɵѡ
ʱһ۽ϵѪµʲô
ڿնϰ޾ķŭͺͷӥϵˣʦ棬Ǹϼһʲôˣ
ӥϵˣż̾Ȼصû´ӦþңĻߵĵһݹǡݴţǰݹǾ̤˵侳ġ
ݹǣ
ҧгݣ͸˶ԷֻǣҲףǺϻڣû취
ӥϵˣǺϻڵǿߣһΪ侳أղţۿԼʦܱɱݹǵĿ£֪
ʱţɹڹ߽ȺһͷۡУסˡ
ĵѡοʼգ֮ˣˡ
ɹĺԶ׼
һʱ䣬ɶ̴ת
߳ۡԷ֣ɹĿͷۡһº
ɶţݼʦѪŵ֪ԭ֮󣬾ɹĵѡ֮ա
գǿԵɹġʵȥʵУɹǿµż츳ǿߣлеżʲôǰգڱչء
Ѫѵʵʮ֮ǰ֮˿š
ﾪȣʦҲȥˣջ񣿡
Ѫҡͷʵųżֻδ˺һ֮ƵаΪżʵƺûпš
ȻɹԾڲ˽ˡ
Ѫе֪ʵڣɶţʵȥ
ʵʵһǰ¾ȥǱ˵Ĺﲢ֪ڿͷۡеʵ
ʵɹݻͬ޻һַ豹ĸо
ʵſڣɹػǣɶ֣ȥ󣬿ԷʵＸվˣÿˣ̧ͷǽں컨ϵƿ̣Щƿ̣֣бڻ
֣һС֣Ǭ½ͨ֡
һ󲿷֣ǳҲ
Щ֣϶ɣ
磬жѪõżΪ˵ɹûų
ɶĴڳ
ɶ˵ʲôжʦõż
档


170 
磬㿴ǱߣǶ˺һԲƵĲΪ꾡Ҳƫɱ¾һĽơ
ɶָǽ֣˵
ɶϵЩ֣
¶ȣ˼ؿɶ
֣ѾԺеļ䣬һϵá
ֻ﷢֣ڳ֮ˣϵЩϵ֡
šɶ˵ͷ
Ŀ⸴ӣоɶԽԽˡ
ܿ죬ɶĿ⣬תƵһ棬﷢֣ɶĻ·𶼱һֹȥˣһ֣ɶԣмʾ
￴ƿ̣֣ڻĿһһӹ
ȻвԵƵļ⣬ɶڳԣûκʾãܸоԼĵƣһ㵶ƣкܴĲ졣
ߣ֮ˡ
ֵܣһ̤侳ߡ
ֵܵĵƣְԵĵơ
ĵһ죬ﲻơ
ĵƣûãƿѪħ侳ߺġơƥ
ͻȻĿջصɲǣ۽ǵ⣬һϤʶıӰӰһͷ֮ˣ뿪ʵ
˭
΢̲ס粽Ҫ׷ȥ
ֻǣܿ죬ɶ
գͣ˽Ų֮ˣӦҲǸǰɹĵѡ֮ˣл
뵽صɶߡ
ʵ⣬ɲ̫̾ӵ£ʵУ󲿷ֶǹ֣ϣжϵЩ֡
ҡͷһЦܣҲô˵֪Ǭ½磬һЩ塭Щ֮ˣõֹ֣֣ԣӦûвˣϵЩ֡
塭
˵ͷֻϧʵеƿ̣ûʲôô
ɹεҲ󷽣Ҳ֪ɹټīʯ۹ڵǿߣʮɫĺĵӣ˷Ľкδ㡣
һɹĿģǺ档
ֻҪΪɹĺĵӣʣȻ˴𰸡
ҡͷһЦ·ԳΪɹĵӣżš
˵ǡ
ɹһЦ뿪ʵס
ʵſһ࣬վԶȥıӰк˸
һգһὫǲڽ¡
һ߽ʵ
ţ
ͻȻǷʲôͫһĿ⣬ڲԶһϢŮ࣬Ǹ˵ϡ

ôҲû뵽ɹ
ѵΪɹĵӣ
תһ룬ҡͷӦҲεɹɹĵѡ֮ˣֻǣ뼫űţŲʱ䣬̤侳ˣ
뵽ûгɣ̼䷢˳Ϊ
侳أ
ɫ˲䡣
ɨʱ۾һڻĳڻعĿ⣬ܿĿ⽻һ

ɹ֮ǰɹϻڵ
浽ۼһ̣صļ䣬׾ѣϣƥĵƣ֮
꣬ʱǿƽ٣ϵ
һǰţǺϻںѪħ֣ĳޣ֣ݡ
û뵽յһСһ侳Ϊٸʱ䣬׾پܳң
ɫÿ£ɹ˼ɣͳֱ֣ӽɱˡ
ϵĵƣܿҲ
ɹ֮һǿƣǣĵѡοʼ֮ǰκ˲ɱ¾Ȼ֮ء
û뵽ô󣬲ֻˣͶ˱ɫĵӣ֮󣬾ȲͶ£Ҵ۽硣ֻϧռżϼһƴ뿪Ÿ˵ϣϹˡ
Ĥͽֵ
ĴЦˡ
Цʲô
ɫһ
Ϊܼŭң
ƽؿ֮Уżֲм
ɫһû뵽￴͸Ĵ㣬ԭＤŭóȶ֣һɱɹҲ
ڿеĴ
ղ뿪ɹҲɣɹĵѡϣǾͻϣʱһֽŪҵǺ棬ǼżϼһȪµ֪ǵϣջУʲô顣
ޱȣ£ǻĿɣ
ɱ˸ųŭ͡
Ҳϣɹĵӵѡϣܺϡ
ﴫ˿·硣
ںĵѡ϶
ʱգڣԵʱԵСޱȵĳڳɳ
ڵѾ˺͵ʵ
ߣơ
ͺһսʵ뿪
֮䣬Ҳûʲôˣֻˣָܷղųԣ֮䣬ͺ޵һ㡣
ɶ
Ϊĳ֣궯ޱȡ
ͻȻɶϵı仯عעתƵɶϡ
֣ɶһʤѩİϣһ˿˿΢磬΢ɨڿ𵴳а
ɢ֮󣬳ûڿ䣬ʧ
ʱɶҲ˶ǰδе棺磬ɶҪչء
ףɶô˵϶ЩϵУ򣬵˵ͷǣɶ֣ߡ
磬ɹĺĵѡΣɶ²ȥսˡ
ȥ·ϣɶЩΡ
ЦɵѾͷ㾲ǣأٸú˵˵ĵѡε¡
š
ɶ˳ͷ
ɶЩϵУʲôʡ
˺һԲơ
Գɶûκ
˺һԲƣ
һ
ɶصۡʱһ֮ۡڣɫæ˽ȥ
ʦ棬ʦ棡
һۡһȥмżֽ
ʲô£˻š
ű򿪣Ӱ˳Ǻϻǿλ棬
ʦ棬Ҽˡ

üܿ죬뵽ʲôǼŵǸƺ֮ˣ
ǡͷ
Ҳɹ
šӦиֳļɵʦ棬ҸղȥʵӦҲǴĳǰɹĵѡΡ
侳𣿡
ɻ󣬾֪һǰ˵ʱ츳ȻҲֻ侳ߡ


171 ʻþ
侳𣿡
ʣɫأʦ棬֮ʱȷʵֻ侳ߣһ㣬ҿԿ϶ֻǣҲ֪СʲôȻ侳أ絽侳أ
ʱ䣬һ侳ߣɱ侳ߣ
ɫڱˣһ˫ӥհӣ˸âǺϻ˵ĶԹպŵĸ󻼣ãȥĵϸĸ
ҡͷûУպɹĵѡΣʱĵϸȻҡ
һ֪˵ͷ
ɹǺϻڵĽл֮ɱΪ£ǵͳޱȡ
ɹĵѡΣҪɱ󻼣
Ŀ
ʦģСס
һݺݵͷ
ǺĵѡҲᣬ뿪ɹһһ֣ƱҪɱϧһдۣ
֮䣬͸¶ˮһսľġ
Ǻϻڵ棬ػһĴڣڵ壬Ϊػϻڡ
ΣѣΪŷ׳Լ
յʱ䣬Ǭ½߶ԣת۾͹ȥ
պڵˣٴһá
һ˵ҲЩȣҪ֪ȥߵľ˿Ӱεģվûһʵϡ档

Ŀ⣬ѪߵĳϣһûԶ˼Ϣ
ʵУջ
ҲڿУ͸¶ǿţ·Ҫﳹѹ¡
ԴˣﵭһЦ
ΪɹһһˣȻżְ
ѪһˣվڸۡǰԺڵȴʲô
ڣһƮӰ¡
һʿˣֳһȣĶţɹڹ¡ơλڵѣɹĵѡμʼλ
¡
һˣк
ƵͷһЦ̤ն
ߣ
Ѫһ£һ˸ơ
ƵĲһ˴ɹ֮Уܿ죬͵˿еԵһͱ֮ǰ
ͱ֮ǰһ֪ͨͨη
أ
ͱΧһƬˣ̲ס
Ҳһλڳѯʺ΢Цλ˻ͨȥͨͨɹʻþһΣɹĵѡεĵһأǽʻþܴʻþ˳֮ˣܲһѡΡ
ʻþ
˶档
ǲ˵ɻ󣬽ʻþɹĵһþǧԻƹɣ֮ˣ̬Ŀȫǣþɱ¾֮ءһΣǿߣС
ʻþУɱߣͨĵѡεһأһѡεʸ񡣡
ƵĿ⣬ڳһǿӹ֮ɱ֮ˣһֺĵѡʸʻþڱɱֻǻλɷġ
΢⵹ЩڼʥԺѡΣ֮ʮĿ顣
ֻǣ֮ʮ㣬ɱʻþ棬ǺͬԸǿɱ
ʻþһʱ䣬λɻʣ
΢Цһˡ
¡
һλڵʣж˭ɱˣ
˵ɱˣͨһѡ֮ˣᱻʻþ͵һյĿռ䣬ȵһѡνǻ󱻻þͨڱɱ֮ˣɱʱͻᱻͨʧȥʸ񡣡
ʻþƴǾԵʵ
һ㣬ʻþ棬츳ͨ޷õġ
һǿһۣƲ˵
ͨ
ãûʲôϾҶã츳ͨãڵļǿߣɫ΢䡣
ǵһЩˣһʵ츳ͨ
Щˣơľһ㣬Ϊ츳ͨǿܳΪһеٮٮߣʻþ治ͨǶԣһϢ
ͨ
΢΢ʻþƴɱȫǿ˵ΪֶκͶԡơ
Ȼʻþ棬ҲһܶѪͨͷɵͨڳ￴˽ʻþ֮ˣͨҲԿ

ڳߣѪĴ
Щȣʦ
Ѫ˵ƾ֮ˣһʱÿûҪӲƴֻҪɱˣͿͨһѡΡ
Ӧס
˵ģҲǴ󲿷˵뷨
ƾ֮ˣӲƴֻ˷ʱ䡣
ʻþǵ˽Ҫͷһ㶼
һӹȥ
ɡ
վͨڣкһǿߣͨϣͻᱻ͵ʻþɱ¾֮ء
һӰ·һ磬һͨϣޡ

һȥ֮ˣǳһһˡ
ţڵһͨϣҲͨϴ͸ȥ
ͨϣӴʱ򣬾ͺǴһĤ
˴Уͷ֣Լˣ˻̬ɰɵ̬
֮Уһ̬ڳǰ
ЩˣѾɱ
ݣݣݣ

䣡䣡䣡

ââ׷ɣɵĵ̺ǿĵơƺХ·Ҫ˺ѡ
ӡȭӡУǿơȭƣݺŰ
Ŀɱ¾
ݣ
һ壬һ£ƥɱһˣɱ֮ˣ˲֧飬ɢ֮С
ÿĽ
һ˵Ľ
ţͻȻ﷢֣Է³ȻƣԷ
Ȥ
Ҳ壬ӭȥ۶ɣһ֡
𣬷ƥ·ЯŸ֮
侳أ
ý֮ˣЩȣӳϵУ˳ΪƲ侳أ
ЦˣòϾ֪ˡ
䣬ﶯˣαس֣һԽý֮ˡ
˸һ£ƥĵƣ·޼᲻ݡﲻƣý֮ˡ
ڵ˲䣬ɢһӣŰ
ӰΣٶȣý֮ˡ
ҳϣСˡ
ý֮˵ʵҲΪ£һʱͷӦĽ·۾ӭ˳ĵ
ཻƺͽ棬ײĿϢϯ
ˣǿʵǲ𡣡
һߣߵһ壬Ŀ˳˵Ľ֣תͷһ߶ȥ
ǲ㲻ô


172 
ܲ侳أܽҵĽ
ý֮˷ֿý֮˿ˣһսʱڷֲʤʹ˰֣Σ
һЦд⡣
û뵽ԼսʻþôµĶ֣ԷĽƣٲȻ˺һ֮ơ
ڼԪ̨£˺ܴĽͱԷͳȥˡ
һѡΣϣ㣬ʹսһ
ý֮һ仰һ֮ʻþɱ¾֮һߣѰȥˡ
Ȼʼգﶼ֪ԷݣֻҪͨһѡΣټԷʱһ۾ϳ
ԷĽӡ̡
Һڴ
һ۶ԷıӰҲȥѰˡ
ܿ죬ҵ˵һ
ﶯ˹ȥԷҲӭ

У۳Ρ
㣡
˭֪ʱЩֻ廯Σɫ󣬱ǼΪѿɫ
ϵңɻ
˭֪ʳ仰󡣶Էһ𣬷֮𣬾תӣͷҲء

ò˵һĻóΡ
ڣﷴӦ˹αس֣֮Ӷ׷ȥ
Ƭ̡׷⵶塣ûκս壬䣬׾پɱ
ˡ
һһȥѰˡ
ɱ¾֮ءΪԶƣҪѰҪһʱ䡣
ɹһɽɽͨɽͨǰԼĪʮһơ
ƽҲˡ
һͱ̭ӣԱͳ֮к
ﵹùô
ƽûߣдʣЩʧ
տʼͷõ֮ˣһý֮˽֣˵ʵΪ£Զܱȡ
ǲ𣬱㿪ˡ
˭֪ն㿪ûãһˣΪԷɵһʱϤһĻʶǸǿõ֮ˡ
ù浹ù
ƽͣǺڵʱûķȥ
ˣƽܼôãҵԤϣˡ
ɽ֮⣬һλ˿ˡ
Ǵڵƽ߳ϡ
ƽԣЩΣ˵ʲôѵ˵һ㣬ֵܼڣ
ʻþɱ¾֮ء
Сӣ侳أҲɹĵѡΣȥ
һ壬ӵӭĳмһЦ
ֻǣЦݻûͣЪͱһЯŷĵƣֳأ֧飬ɢ١
һ
Σûԭأ·ûгֹһ㡣
һߣտ֮أһɢһ壬ͻȻһ֣ʧԭء
ֻоǰһͳһյĿռ䡣
ռͣƽ
Ǹõ侳֮ˣ˶һ㡣
뵽ʻþɱ¾֮صľĿһ侳أսͿֲ˹̤侳ءأһĶ𣿡
Ĭˡ
ǣ츳ͨƽϾʻþ治츳ͨĽսһ
˵Լ̫š
ǿǸõ֮ˣ츳ܻͨ
ʻþУһӰʧɱ¾֮أǱ̭ǽ
һյĿռ棬ƽڵأâ˸
ϣܳŹһѡΣһֽɱǰϣڣ㻹ϡ
ɱ˺Ҳ˷տռ䣺
ڣ֮⣬ӦûܽǸܵõѪϵҲЩֶΣǲ֪ǷͨһѡΡ
ɹһĵ֮С
һӣվɽʯ̨ϣһ֮Уãһͣ仯Ӱ
ᾪ֡
ΪһĻǰƬеĿռͶӰΪơ
ˣλԵ۹ҵɡܲ
࣬һλ˹վ˵
ȷʵһտռľţ⼸Ҳ
ӿڣϵĻ濪ʼ仯һڷտռȴ֮˵ӰҲС
ֻɹ˲֪ʻþΪɹʵƿءʵСһλǿĵˣɹ֮ס
ˣʵӦ
Ӧǰһʯ̨ʻþһǧڡͨۡʻþзһС
ס
ͻȻӦһСһȤ
ϵĻһת֣һӶһ̺ƥĵƣһɢ

ˣȻ侳ߣôܣ
ЩԼ۾
û侳ء
ӦͷԵ۹ڵˡôܣô᣿
ܿ죬Ӧͨǰϣ˷տռڳֵˡ
ˣԼĪʮͷ
ǼʶӦҲ̲סһ
ʻþɱ¾֮ɱһ˺󣬳ͷ֣һ⣬ǣԼ뿪ɱ¾֮ء
ǰһͷ֣ԼһյĿռ䡣
ҲûоȣϾһʼ͸˵ʻþɱ¾֮ɱˣ֮ˣᱻ͵һȫյĿռ䡣
ﾲصȴš
ʻþɱ¾֮棬սȥǸý֮ˣʵΪ֮⣬ɱˣ侳أһ侳أʵһ㣬ûʲôʵĵط
Ҳ֪һм˽Ӧܽ
ﻹ˼ͷһǣֶ֮£˷յĿռ䡣
ǰһͷ֣Լصͱǰ֮ͨ⣬ߣվһˣ
ϲλλɲڶѡΡ
˺ϲؿ˳һۡ
ʮͷˣտʼ˭֪Ȼɹˣֱ˼
ʶԼСˡ
ϲ
ϲ

ڵˣѪƽվ˶˺ϲ
﷢֣Ŀ⣬ϣתͷӣһЦ
û뵽㾹ܽ䣬ż־ȡ
㶼ܽΪҾͲܣ
ЦˣЦú⡣
ǾͿ˭ܳΪɹĺĵӰɡ˵·ս
ʼ磬ÿɷ
λѪϣ
ʱƿһ۳Ѫ
ţɻĿУֿǣѡΣɹķ̨У˽֮ˣÿһֻȥһˣԣʣµĸλԭ·ϢȽ
ƵĻ˴Ϊʧ
ľѡΣ֮սҵͬʱޱȣǾ۹ս


173 ̨
̨ɹһе֮ϣ֮С
ɹȺӰն̨ȥ
ߣһλɹӵĴ£ɺͳ̤ն󣬿ݹǽ
·ʱᱻ紵
ܣղ˵õ֮ˣΪ侳أʻþ֮Уսƽ֣
䣬˾ȡ
λܵʵһЩλȴҪС꣬ͣҲûôǿ
һ侳ߣܺսƽ֣
ֱ˷˼
ǡ
ͷ̾ȣʤֻǣҲ֪ʲô似ܽصһ𣬲ӣ֮Ƶһ𣬲侳ص
ôŹ֣
üͷ̲סˣϣ֪似
ݹڳ翪ʱǵӣһ˿⣬ɵѯʣ˵̫ӵ£շүԣҵһȷѪ似ֻǣ似ʮǰͱ˸ˣ֮˸Ǳɱ˵ܴ䡣
ݹ¡
һ似ȷѪꣿ
ɶһе˼顣
ϣĪ켶似̲סѯʡ
ǡ
ݹҡͷĿ㱣·ֻص˹ȥһ׵ؼ似׼ȷ˵һ׵ؼͽ似
ؼͽ似
ɶһۣӶԷп˼顣
ؼͽ似
似У㲻ʲô
ϣ׵ؼͽ似к֮ɣɳƬ̣ʡ
׵ؼͽ似һɹɽķʽصһ£ɵӾŲ似֮ˣ츳ͨƷʼͣȴ׾ٻ֮ͬˣԽ׶ԵУ
ݹ֮䣬似Ϊ
ֻ꣬侳ߣȴ
е似ķĿţǻҶ
ȻһȷѪ֮ѡԼ似󱻱ŭĸ֮Űɱ
ʱʼΪ似ȷѪ꣬ͣЪ
ݹǵĻɺͳɫһ׵ؼͽ似˿£
ҽֵˣܵӰ˲㡣
ĿһоԼ֮ˣܾ似
似Դ䡣ݹ̾
ϣ似ʲôʡ
צ
ݹǵļ䣬·ֻص˹ȥ
ʱǰΪҶȡ似צ似צˣֻٵ˾צҲͲ֮
צ
ɣס似֣ȷѪĵؼͽ似
ܣ˵ˣڵҲЩˡ
Ц
ܿ죬ɹӣ̤˷̨
̨ڸ߿գƣһɾʥޱȡ
ڷ̨ΧҲһӰȺԸ֮ˡ
ˣڵȴţȴŵڶֺĵѡεĿʼ
ڶֺĵѡΣѪ֮սŶֵʬӭͷ֮ϡ
ԶণһʿĴ£Ӱն䡣
һ䵽µˣһϮѪɫۣվһ޳еɱ¾
ˣһˣԼĪʮ꣬վ費
һˣڳ֮˵ע⾹ȻֻһʮͷˣݼƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
ʦ棬ǳ
Զɫߵĺϻ˵
Ӻһµ·˺ѿڳϣ
Ȼ侳ءʮͷ侳أӣƴһƱҲҪɱ
Уɱ֮ġ
ƺ
ţ
ǿɨóɫ䣬һȥܿ죬Ŀ⣬ߵϡ
˭һ
ˣҲǺϻڵˣӣλԲͣӦҲǺϻڵ档
ֻǣϴμűţ˲ûг֡
ߣ
Ѫһͺߣ·ɱ¾֮ǿ˲֧飡
ɫһ䣬վԶɵؿѪһۡ
֪һλǿߡ
Ҫɱϰ
ʶǣ
ѪҲע⵽˺ϻ˿ʱ·Ҫ̵Ŀ⣬ɴʳ
һصݡ
Ѫ΢΢ͷҲû˵ʲô
Զüͷ΢ϻ˺Ǳ֮˵Ľ棬Ҳˡ
ֻˣ֣Զ֮УǸˣоЩϤͺʲôطһֻˣһеĸо
׼ǰȥһ̽ʱ̨Ͽգӿƿ˷
һ·µӰ¡
һˣۣݼ͸¶ϣֹͶ䣬Ϣ·ڣվ̲סη
侳ǿߣ
һʱ䣬̨֮ϣ˵Ŀ⣬˵ϡ
ӭλɹʵӦڴˣлλɹĺΡ
΢Ц崺磬һλ塣
ӦӦ
Ӧ˭
Ӧɹڹ֮ףʵƽʱɹλɹڹղţһѡεʻþʵƿأλӦƿء
һλɹ˽ĳߵ󱲽⡣
߿֮ϣӦڣ˿̣վڷ̨ĸλſǵ۹Լ۹¸һٮٮߣǵʵõɹϿɣõ˷̨ϿɡɹһνڸλſУѡǿʮˣΪɹĵӣ
Ȼڳſ㲻ѡɹҲΪλ׼һݺ񣬲λԶ
ò˵ӦĻڳ˶̲סĿⷢ
ЩˣǽҴһѡΣվ֮ˡ
һѡΣޱӦŵǵҲûѡΣһܵõһɹĺ
ܱɹӦ֮Ϊ֮Ƿ
һ㣬ǿԿ϶
ڣ˵һһֵĹ򡣡
Ӧڣٴ˷̨еĿ⡣
һ֣Ϊ֮սԵһֽٶȵĴ򣬸λſųһ˳ڣɹӣλſһöơʻþУٶ֮ˣõһƣٶ֮ˣõʮơ
һֺĵѡΣʮ˽
ӦٴοڣһɹӣʼΪ̨ϸſűơ
ʮţ
ӹɹӵݹƣüͷ𣬺ܲ⡣
ʮźš
ƣʮźš
ԴˣﲻΪ⣬ƣǾʹʵҲãʻþ棬ûҵ


174 ѪŨˮ
ڣλſܵڶѡι򡣡
ɹʵӦն䣬ڷ̨Уķ
ɹĵӵڶѡΣжʮλſ룬һὫ˷һΪһƵӵߣʮƵӵߣһΪʮĺƵӵߣʮƵӵߣʮˡ
Ӧܣǰһʮˣһӵ߿ʼսһʮеκˣսʤԷɱԷͨڶѡΣǱɱܣһӵ߽ʧȥѡʸ񣬱սĺһ֮ˣõһƣͨڶѡΡ
һս󣬱ǵڶɶӵߣսһʣµʮеκһˣһʤܣʧȥʸ񣡡
սԴơڶѡΣһʮսʮ˽
ɹĵӵڶѡεĹڳ֮۷׷ס
ڶѡΣʮ֮սÿ˶ֻһλᣬһˣǱɱ̭
ǰһʮˣѡȨһʮˣûѡȨ

ӦܵĹ򣬳˫򣬵Ҳɴࡢ䡣
ʮš
Ŀ⣬ڳϣʮţζųǰһ֮ˡ
ֻǣֵʱҲһ֮սˡ
ԣǰһ֮ˣȴûѡȨΪ󣬺һ֮ˣֻʣһˣûѡ
ǰһڳǰ֮ˣΪ˳϶ӡʣµĺһ֮ˣǰһ֮Ϊġǿߡ
ˣɫЩÿ
ڣһӵߵʮӵߣվߡʮĺӵߵʮӵߣվұߡ
Ӧ粽̨һ࣬ݿ
һʱ䣬ʮӰӸ۶ǰһʮˣһʮˣԡ
ţ
վӵߵλʱΪǰһ֮ˣĿ⣬ںһʮɨȥɨʮźʱĿ⣬̡
С𣿡
Щȷš
վʮźӵλõˣϵżƣƫĸ׳ˣǸղźϻڵ֮ˡ
ʱ͸оԷһϤеĸо
СС
翴ԷĿ⣬ҲϣҲƶʱ̲סҪȷ϶Էݡ
뿪򣬵᰽ȥʱĵܵܳʮһ꣡
û
꣬յĺͯѾˡ
硣
ӵߣһվʱԸоԼ·𶼲
һţĺü٣
ʱ䣬ʮ꣬᰽ڵĸ磬ȫ˼ֲɣ
һۣϳԼĸ磬׸硣
СȻ㣬㳤ˡˡ
ȻǸ߳磬ʱĳ£ʧʧ񣬶ɹʵӦòʧ
ɹ֮һīʯ۹ȻĴڡ
Щˣ츳Ǳɹһɹɹɱǣ練ơ
硣
ǰ꣬ͺġ곹ںϣǳֱ˴ˡ
ҲһԷĵˣ󣬶ɱ¾Ϊľԭ
ĳѭǬ½淨֮ˣɱ¾ԣ㲻ʲô
ǰĳ׸硣
ѪŨˮ
ڣ޲ú͸ݺܱһ·ļԼϲŭ֣Ҳףɹĳ£ʺô
磬ôɹĺĵѡΣĸ
ۿżּĳ̲סʡ
ҡ
紫صļȳ١
ĵܵܣ׵ܵܣûˣ꣬׺ɣ
ң磬ôȥˣ
Щȡ
˵ѡι󣬸ϸ˵أô
ʡ
ʱʶĵܵܳĺ塣
ܵɹĵѡ֮ˣīʯ۹Լ¸һǿټǿߣվ˵˳ͨɹĵӵĵһѡΡ
Ψӵ侳塢صʵпͨһֵѡΣ
ĵܵܣڻʮһ갡
ʮһ꣬侳塢أ룬͸оЩͷƤ顣
ʱսīʯʥԺãһΪҲ侳塢أվǰĵܵܳûȡ
пЦ׵˵С츳ңԸǵ磬ֻϣԪƽƽɳڿǸ״ˣףС츳ǿˣǿ̫ˡ
ҵ£һ˵ͷ͸һ˵ɡ
ص
ľ˵ġ

ʱĶߣһƫͷȥһ۾Ϳվڶ
ߺӵߡ
ɨһۣﲻᣬգ磬á
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬ʵӦϡ
ڣһӵߣ̫ӣɣѡ֡
ӦȻ졣
̫ӣɣ
һ̫֮ڼʱ׹
̫ɣīʯ۹ΧڣôУȴ¡
һһˣ֮ף
̨ϣһЩû˵ɵǿߣȵؿɣǶû뵽̫ӣܵһͨʻþѡΡ
ȻǲΪɵʵǿǣá
Ͼʻþ棬ռ󲿷֡
ãսȥӣ׾پܽ
̫ӣ£͸¶λߵϢһ˫·¡
̾
ڶЦ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ʱҲڿһڶЦտʼ֣תһ룬Ȼˡ
̫ɣǴҶ
ĸ磬ղҲ˵ҡ
Ҳ˵Լĸ磬̫Ӧʶҿܻһġ
Ȼ򣬶һͷһЦ
ɣѡţ
Ӧɣ΢΢һЦɵ츳ɹҲ޼ܼõء
ʮĺš
ɣ̫ӣһκˡ
ѡ˺һ֮Уǰʮĺӵߡ
ʮĺӵߣһòͨӣսƽӣһš
ȥɡ
Ӧڣ˵
ʱɺӣ̤նڷ̨ϣն໥š
š
Ӷɵͷ
ɡ
ɵƽѰ


175 Ѫѡ
ֽˡ
̧֣䳤֣עУһǡ
ⳤһ
̤ն·һ磬ֱɡ
Ҳ̧֮䣬Ƶᣬһ£쵽µӡӭȥ
֮䣬·̺Ÿ
ȣ
ܵһƵĿ£ɫһƵƣľͺһͷ֮ϣӴľԳӰ֡
ֻԳΪŹ֣ͷǣ֡
޺һһ¡гӭɵһơ
䣬̺ƣһ䣬ز˹ȫ֮䡣
˺һ֮ƣ
䡪
ƹཻ˿ţ˴ɳȥڵͨҲɢ˻ָ˳̬
䡣
ʱԶɫ΢䣬һ
ɹ֮սѡΣֻҪһ䣬һٳ֣򣬽Ϊɹϣɣ
ǲʵӦĿɨ˻ֱӾͳϷ̨Ŵˡ
ţһһˡŵϣǳ£ŶǼĴ
ɷ·м׷ƽվ֮УڵءǱޱȵš
ҡ䡣
Ҳûһήҡϵˣûκ֪Щʧǡ
֮Ĳ̫࣬ˣ蹵
ǶߴųӦ䡣
˺һ֮ƣҵ̫ɣ˺һ֮ơ
̨ϣһƬžҵ̫ɡΪĿĽ㡣
˺һ֮ƣ
ˡʮꡣ˺һƣ츳𾪡
һӵߣɡʤ
Ӧڣ뿪˷̨صվԶĿݹߣΧһĿɨΪվɽ
̫ɣ츳֮Ȼ鴫˺һ֮ƣ
һ˺һ֮ƵɣڳǿߣδĶ֡
Ӧٴοڣڣɶӵߡīʯ۹ҾŻӣĴѡ֡
īʯ۹ҾŻӣĴ
ﾪȿĴû뵽վߣʷǷˣȻīʯ۹ҵˣһǾŻӡ
ڵ۶ʱھŻĴֹһ˵
īʯ۹ңŻĴһΪ侳أ˵Ѿ˺һ֮ƣīʯ۹ʮ󿡽еĵһˣ꣬ʮꡣ
ʮš
ĴΪīʯ۹ҾŻӣȻҵ̫ɣѡһ֮Уǰˡ
ˣ˵ĴĴɫ䣬ֱӿڣ䣡
䣿
һ˲䣬˵Ŀ⣬˵ϡ
䣬뿪
Ӧһۣüżֲ壬Ϊ磬Ψη޾ǿߣֵ𾴡
ˣĴʱ֮һսûУˣ
սˣȻܣҲֵ𾴡
ǡ˵ͷ뿪
磬Ͼֵˡﴫ磬ڴԼĳ֡
СҪѡ㣬Ȼ䣿
紫˵ͺɹĺĵѡΣһ㶼ҪֻܵܣҪһ㡣
磬Ͳҹ㣿
ﴫֵܶˣ겻ȴѪŨˮȫſ
ص㲻صģңû˸ҹҡ
һղ˵ֻЦ⻰ʶĸ磬еĵλһ㡣
磬ҸղſЦģ㲻ҡ
ִļĸ磬ԳУһҲɸ䡣
ҲԣҪұ֤ѡ㣬У䡭ҵܵܣĳˣҵĳˣ츳֮£ؼһʱ
ΣĴ˳ĶС
һ˫¶ж
ʱʶ˵Ҫ⣬ǵϣԿ
Ȼĸ磬֪֮ĶԹ
磬ҵ£㶼֪ˣ
ţ֮ǰһعһԪع֪һЩ¡
˵Ǹңܻվ
ף
ĻóԺһƬհס
ףʱоôңԶʱָоԼôﶼǲˣһμףʲôʱ
ӵߣң磬ѡ֡
Ӧ˳Ļ䡣Ҳ÷̨ϵˡһ
ңһοǷͷֻ˽˵ڶѡΣҶڵһѡСǰ
ʮš
Ŀ⣬ʮӵϣ˵
ʮӵߣһʮߡˣһնڷ̨϶š
硣
С
˽ܹԼ
Уǰʱ䣬ܵռҴү
Щȡû뵽лԼĸϡ
䡪
ȭȭȭεȭӡ֣΢Բȭƣӿֱӳ硣
ݣ
̧֣۳һ档
һƱ˵ĳ磬һ̣·еĽںһ
ƶ
ž޵һ쵽££˺еȭӡ
ٲȻкƵĽƣȫѹеȭơ
ӰۣͷͨӰɲǣ͸ţ޵Ѫ
ͷδ۳εͨɢؿѪ磬Ȼˤڷ̨ϡ
У
ÿĽ
̨ΧһƬΪ硱˵Ľ̫ˡ
Ľƣ˷ƣ쵽¡
̨һ࣬һ׷ԲԵˣϷ̨Ϊʬ
еʬ壬˸߿֮ϵĳһۣ̤뿪˷̨
ռһһˣɣ
ռҶԣĴռңΪе
ӵߣ磬
ʱӦ
￴Լĸ磬ĿЩŹ֣ΪģֻΪ֣Ľ̫Ϥˡ
ǵãʻþУսȥϵǸý֮ˣƾУǸý֮˵ĽĽһģһ
Ҳ˵Ǹý֮ˣĸ磬硣
û뵽ԭ֪ʻþУڲ֪Էݵ£ͺԼĸ罻ˡ
Ľ̫ˡ
뵽ȥʹһ侳ߣ˾磬˺һ֮ƣ̲ס̾
ȴҲ룬⼸Ľ绹Ҫš
Ϊǰһ֮еǰˣѡһ֮еǰˣǰһ֮еĵˣҲѡ˺һ֮еĵˡ
һսǰһ֮еĵˣʤ
ߣ
ʤ֮ˣһǿ֮츳ͨ
⻹ǳһμͨӵߡ
ҷţǿļ̺ͨŶһеļƣһͶ˺ߵ塣
ɴࡢ䣡


176 ˾
ĺӵߣ
ӦͬʱĿ⣬ϡ
īʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵڶˣʮ󿡽ܵһˡĴ֮¡
һʵ鴫
Ǵһһˣڴڵĵλڵĵλ൱һΣ塢ˣΨһͨ˵һѡΣվ
ӵߣһç󺺣ڵġ̤
˾ȵǣç󺺡ç̤ҵӡ
һç󺺣һ֮ˣһһλλĻӡ
ǰһ֮еǰһ㣬ӵߣçս֮ˣΪһ֮еʮ˺ӵߡ
¡¡
ͨç粽·̨һ𣬷̨Ƿ̨ٲҡ
çÿһ̤绯˴֮񣬶ƺɨɽ
Ķ֣ͨ˸çÿһ̨ϵľ𶯣·Ӱ쵽ɫ䡣
䣡
ç߲ʱĶ֣£Ҳ̲ס䡣
Ȼ䣬̨Χȴûһ˿
п֣пŵçÿһο̨𶯶̺ſֲĴ֮ƣֵĶĤֱģֵ־
Ƶϣܺç˺һĴ֮ȣҪȻܵç޿ײ
ʩչȾ磬Ƴ뻯
ӵߣç
çֵ֮ӵߣһһ˫۵׺ˡ
ӵߣҫܼңˣѡ֡
ӦڣӦڣ̨ΧĴˣã˻ѡʮźӵߣΪĵʯ
Ҳ˵˳͸ֵôᣬһͻǡӡ
˭֪˵Ŀ⣬ֻڳͣһ£ڳߵĶʮӵϣѡ񣬶ʮţ
һʱ䣬̨ϣһƬȻ
ˣò˼顣
ӵߣѵǲмʮźӵһս
ߣҵġ
ڳҲʱĶߣһ𣺡û뵽ô࡭ߵİ˺ӵߣҽø˵Ҫɱ㡣
ҵģ˭ҲߡҪ֪Ϊ㣬ҿǸöƷԪʯΪۡ
˵ʱЩۡ
ԣ̲סһûѡңŵöƷԪʯ
ȻȻΪŹֻϣ
Ӹ£ȫڸͺУǰһ㣬ֻһֻϡ
Цˣûٴ
Ŀ⣬ߵİ˺ӵϣˣǸīʯʥԺĸɱĸƵĸ硣
񣬸ʱĿ⣬·Ҫ̵
Ҫˣֹһϣܺúûȡ
ĴҲڳߴ
ﵭһЦᣬĿ⣬ڷ̨ϡ
ʱӵߣˣͶʮӵѾ˷̨նš
ʮӵߣһݵĿˣ˸һλʿֹͶ䣬޲͸¶ŵ
˾磬ͽ̡
˶΢΢һЦ
Ҷ˵֣Ȥ
˼޵ؿһ˾翡ݵòƽ֮ˣС
˾ԣΪ⣬һЦҲ
˷Ц᲻ɲ˵㣡
֮䣬īħɢһ˫ۣ̼仯˳졣
УɫԲ䵶֣һħ䵶һɫ
䵶һ̣·һѪ¡
ʱˣ˷·ħɷˡ
ħ
üͷ𣬶ħ֮ˣûκκøС
űǱϻںѪħָѪħţǡħڡѪħ֮ˣľħ
ħͬѰѰߵ츳ħһֽƫ棬ٽݾĹĳЩΪۣڶʱڣħ¡
ħ֮ˣԲбɱǬ½еߡ
Сȥ
һȣӣ·һħ֣Ӱʧԭأֻħ
Ѫµ䵶ϵתţƺơ
ĵƣѪµתȻ
΢Բơ
̨Χǿƣڣһ۾Ϳ͸˵Ƶľ硣
ˣ侳ߣ΢Բħʵ
ۿڣһѪ£ſµĵƣֶ£ʼգ˾ϣЦݴδͣЪ
˾̧֣Ĺ£һǣǰ
һ˾羹֮У£ϥ֮ϣ˫޳ʮָ˹֮ϡ
˾磬򵥣
Ŀһ˵һ˾ˣֻܡ
һ˾Ǹɵӡ
˾Ӧ˵ֶΡ
ǰߵĿԣ΢΢
˾Ķ˷̨Χ˵Ŀ⣬ʵӦ˾ʱҲ̲ס¶ʡ
ߣʱˣ˼ݣ
˸ɱĺ⣬еѪ££Ѫⶼ˾翡ݵ֮ϣ̼ܽ˾նɱ
ˡ
ת˲֮䣬˾޳ʮָˣŪŹݣתͳ֮ʡ
ݣ
Ȼ˾޳ʳָ£Ӷϵһң£
һң绯˶֮ƣֱֻüһƲ۵⣬
۵ңӭлѪµ䵶Ҳûʲô죬е䵶ͱ˳ȥ
¶ֵͬʱ˾ֵָٴ¡
һңѿն
ҷ·޼᲻ݵУ˸׼츳֮ͨʱѶ䣬ƹĲ
Ѫ䳤գһ۵
Դ룬һǰһ¡
Īң֮ʱ˾ϵĶص˹֮ϣݻָ·δȱһ㡣
ɽˮس֮ʣһͣȻֹ
ͣЪɲǣ˵ĲȻأ·Ϊ˾һľš
㡭úݣ
һϮ۵ˣʹؽ˵Ĳһɨ˾磬ն뿪˷̨
ʮӵߣ˾磬õߺƣ
ҲΪһΪһ֮ˣǰһ֮˷ɱ֮ˣ˵Ԥϡ
˾硣
˾һۣ˾ֶΣƹ죬ǵһμɱˡ
ָ䣬ҷĪڴˣ


177 ս
߿֮ϣݵ˾磬̤ն䣬档
ڳ֮ˣղĿ˾ɱֶΣԽڵ˾磬͸ղŵָɱ˵λǿϵһ
һۣû˸Ϊ˾С
ḧݣָ䣬ɱ֮УֶΣɲǳġ
Ҫǣ˾磬ƣҲ̤˺һľ磬ǽճֵĸǿУ˺һ֮Ƶǿߡ
ǰ棬Ψҵ̫ɣīʯ۹ҵľŻĴ˺һ֮ƣ˾硣
֣עڳ֮ġ
ߺӵߣϻڣѡ֡
ɹʵӦ
֪ʱϣ͸ЦݣһζţҪٸöƷԪʯˣܸҪԪʯˣֻܹԼù˾硭Ҫúøл㣬̰ͼŵƷԪʯӲҪѡΪĶ֣˾磬һΪҵĶ֣ʱùľͲ㣬ҡ
һ֮У˳ʶ֮⣬ˣУҲ˾翴Щ
ǸղĿ˾ֶΣҲ벻һˣ˿µֶΡ
˺һ֮ƵǿߣܵС
ӦĻĿ⣬ڳϣѡʮźӵߣ
ʮźӵߣ
һʱ䣬ڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬ڳʮźӵߵϡ
̨ϣԸǿУĴڣҲͶʮͷ
ڴ󲿷˵УڵһѡУõùֵˣҪȻǿﲻʸվ
ȻҲ˵뷨һ
УͰʵӦ
Ӧʵʻþڵɱһףڵǿߡ򵥡
ˣǲرˣ
ﴫͷ֣ϵЦݣ·δϣ˾ʱһľ壬ҲС
Σθɣ
Цص
ǲǾã̰ͼԪʯѡ˾磬ùҲˣ
˵
˵˼ûлӦ̤ն̨ڿУ³ɱ⣬ųһ
һҲ̤նڷ̨ϣţһƽη塣
գɣһ֪ȥϣһϣһעսڴˣעҵӰ֮¡
ڣſޱȣݿ˷̨ÿ䡣
һʱ䣬˶Ȼԭ̨϶ŵˣʶģҺ
˵ôϻĵĿ־𣿡
ЦˣЦúܲãһ˫ɱȻ
ԣ÷̨˶ף⽫һݵ֮սڷ̨ϣؽײΪ貵Ļ𻨡
ϣСǲ䣬Ͱˡ
̨һ࣬żֵͳ
ȻĵܵܳվζʵȺɶ겻֪Լܵܵĵϸ
ҲǲԼĵܵܣʵǵĳʲô⡣
ɲϣռĵܵܣʹ䡣
үģү¡
ݹɳƵó˿ףֻҪϳŵĵܵܳͲܻ¡
̫ɣʼնûڣĿ⣬ڷ̨ϵĳϡ
ǳ˵ţˣ𾴵Ĺø͹ùõĴӡ
ǹøĶӣվ˵λСܵ츳ͷܡ
Ҳ棬øӣʮͷʱ͸¶ôţкƾ衣

̨ϣĻ·Ц˵ĵĿ־壿ЦǿЦգҾͻ֪ڣܷϵգɹķ̨ϣһɱ㣡
ڣͳĶԹ˷̨Χ֮˵𾪡
ϵ
˵Ŀ⣬ڳϣ˵ϵ
ϵ֮ˣһ侳Ϊ
ֱ˼
ԭˡ
ڵѪϣȻ˳֮ǰ˵ġݡֵĺ塣
˳һۣҲ֪Щʲô
ڴ˻ɻʱˣƥһһ鶯ޱȵС
һ趯ۣ˲ͦñֱ
𣬷·˺ѿռ֮ƣе
ƣǽƣǷơ
ֻʩչƵһƾ衣
һΪ侳أ΢Բ֮ơ
֣ʵһţ
ݣ
ֱͦ£΢Բƣ·˺ѿ
쫷磬ĽΪģ绯һžųڣֶ¡
Ŀ֮£ﶯˡ
αس֣һԾַΧ
Ϊӵ𣿡
յԶ̵ݶ䣬Ľһת쫷绯ľӰΣҡ
ΪҪӣ
ﵭЦһע롣
侳أ
һʱ䣬̨Χĸǿߣ˳Ϊ侳ء
ȻʮͷһΪ侳أ
ǣ侳أɹĺĵѡУ㲻ʲô
Զ̫ɿ˳һۣĿЩŹ֡
ɴشԭء
侳أ
Լĵ֣ܵܳƥĵȫȷ
ʻþУǸõ֮ˣĵܵܣ
ССû뵽Ǹõ֮ˡ
¶ЦʶǰҪǳԵСƨĳˡ
ʻþУʶʵǲôˣѹĵܵܳʱôţԭڵʵͲ
ĳɳ֮죬ȫԤϡ
ˡ
еϣǣ˲˲һ֮
ƥĵƣһĵ⣬䣬мڵơ
֣貵¡
һ̣ؼ䣬·ֻʣһƹ⻪
⣬ת˲֮䣬Ʋ񷣬˲乤򣬾ͽֶµķ˺ѡ
ôܣ
ɫ䣬һ侳ߣôµĵƣ
֮Ƶľ磬ԱҪ֡
ǿΣĲ࣬Ƶľֲġ
ֱͦٴ£ǣ
еһƥӭ˳·Ҫͱһ
ҪԼӲƴǣ¶˼ַЦ


178 ֮
֮𣬰˲һơ
е̺ƥĵƣĽͷײʱҲײһ
䡪
ɿµӲӲ÷̨Ͽգ˷춼ûͣЪ
һĻڳ֮ˣ̲ͫסһĿת
´ʵһĻ

Ĳҽд۵ߣ·˺ѳա

Ŀ֮£һս֮Уɽ
֣ϣ
ѪͣӿΣűǱֹס

ͷӴľӰ֣Ѫſһֵĳ¡
Ϊ츳ͨ
￴ûľͨһۡ
ͷ֮Ӵ֣ͨѪɫƬצ֮С
֮˺Ѳ񷣬ɹ
ͨ
һʱ䣬̨ΧһƬ˵Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
Ƕû뵽ͨͨ
СͨѪͨѵҲ̳˸׵ͨ
¶ȻЩʧ
Ѫ֣֮ͨŰޱȣβ˦ƿľͨ
ͨ㿪ͱһβͺ飬ʧ֮С
ͲһΡ
ţѪͨӴһ£޴ͷһ˫ͭӣűͨɡɫ԰׵
ֻҪһͻᱩ𣬽ǰ˺飡
վѪ֮ͨϣݵĳӣ¶˼ֲʺͲ˼顣
꣬Ϊ磬һûõŮˣǿƽڣӸ£ٵ˳
ǸʱУֻһֻϡ
Ǻڼչ츳УֻһϣϻںѪħ֣׾پͽڵļŸˣ
ǼżϼһƴΪ￪ٳһ֮·ʱˡ
ֱǰգʵмֳʵˡ
գлһսնݳ֮ġ
ǣԤϡ
֪ʱġϡһʵʤ
㲻Ҫɱ㲻˵ܷϵҵһɱ㲻˵Уһֱֻһֻڣվбɱ
վѪͨͷ֮ϣݵĳӸ¸¶ķЦ
ԣ԰׵ɫǰ˼֡
ڣ֮ˣҪɣ
һۣ·ܿ͸˼ǵķЦ֮һ꣬ʱε磬Ӹ£̸Ц䣬·ܲٿκ˵գҿҲֻһϻһһţЦѡ

ţ
Цѡ
ȷʵ䣬ȻˣֻҪܻպһԾ
ֻǣ˵ⷬɫޱѿ䡱֣·ĺϣ²
Ľ˵䡱֣
С䣡
ʱϻ桰
Ǻϻһһˣϻڵϣܶ
գҲû뵽ǰֻһ侳صС
񣬲ֻ̤侳أʵǺϻһһˣ侳ߣ
ĳӦȰ䣿ô˵𣿡
ﵭɨһ۷̨һ࣬һֿЦ
ҡ
죬·ʲôĺϲ
ǲǾã䣬պɾɱ
·ܿ͸˼˵ãҵĲ࣬սһԺлʤң
㣬֮һϻ֮ӣǧ谮һСų޷󼰵
̨ϿգվѪͷϵĳɨһۣңԪһƫƧСҵ㣬ɽ㣬ʲô㣬գɹķ̨ϣһʤ㣿
Ҫǣʮ꣬ҳ겻ʮꡣã츳ա䣬Ժʤңһѩǰܣ
Լģ𣿡
Ļһݻ־顣
ɫͲ԰׵һֽÿһ仰Ĺ
ĵ뷨γˣ
ܻպͳ츳Ĳ࣬һ׷ϳ
֮һӣЦѡ
壬ţ·˱ıԵǿԽܱܵʵ
ձϵСϣӽעֻܻڶԷӰ֮¡
ܽʵ
𰸣Ƿ񶨵ġ
̨ΧһƬš
Ļڳ֮Ҳˣÿһ仰·֮ԣһһıԵ
һˡ
ʵӦĿУ͡
һ˵־ɲ˭ġ
ʵ˿¡ҵʵҲʤֺϳʤ𣿡
ɫΪѿ
ҪΪԼĵܸܵƱ𣬿񣬼ʶ˿µʵ
ģҡˣʼɵ
īʯʥԺԺĻվԶŸɫıãı仯С
ףһǰ־Ÿһ֪˳ǿʵʼҡ
ĻĿ⣬临ӡ
ˣעƽɹҲֻһ㡣
С
ŷ̨ϿգվӴѪͨͷ֮ϣƳݵĳϣ¶Цݡ
ܵܣˣΪһصӺ
Ǹ׺ĸףҲΪеԺ
С
ľ񼴽֮ʣһֱڸòκλӦڼˡ
ȣ̺ſµ÷̨Χ֮ˣĤ𶯣Сɣ츳պƾԼʵɱˣ㻹ţ㻹Щ㣬һˣǣҪɱˣűɱ֮ˣ㡭
ߣ
һߣ·Ծ֮£ıȣˡ
ʵӦ侳ǿߣ׿֮ǰٿڣɱ
ɫһ䣬ȴҲٷؿ
ʱȫûúϻеķȣһӵͨˡ
ʦ棬ˡ
ĴУϣ¶Цݡ
ʧӣڶ˼ֹʣ죬ȻȻؿڣݶϡ
һɲǣվѪ֮ͨϵĳ˶
ֶ⣬һţ͸ĺȻֹ
䡱֣ڡ
ʬ壬£ݺˤ˷̨ϡ
䣿
Ŀ⣬ޱȣɨʬһۡ


179 ṫ
ӦҺϻڵ䣬ﻹֽɱǷΥɹĵѡι򣿡
ʬڷ̨ϣˮӦ֮⡣
Ӧɨһۣʲôʱˣ
λǿ䣿
ţӦӦĿ⣬ڷ̨Χĸϡ
õģȻǷϡ
ղŻ䣬ֻǣû˵ֻ˵ˡϡ֣㲻䡣
һ·֪һ㣬Ҳ˵Ϸ̨ʬ壬ֱȥ
ɣ
ߣһ
ԴˣﵭһЦᡣ
˲٣ڻǻúúõģ
ݻ˭˵
ʮźӵߣɱߺӵȡ֮õߺƣΪµߺӵߣ

սʱʵӦͷһЦ
ˡ
һЦ
һĻ÷̨ΧˣһӦ֮󣬻ǵһοˡ
֮ǰɡĴ˾ޡ
Ӧɹʵλɹļλ֮£ڻ֮УҲŵϺŵܵõһޣһĪҫ
ʱܸоԶɨһʵĿ⡣
ЩĿ⣬ǵȴѡεĸǿС
ʦ
صѪߡ
ܺáѪ͵ؿ˳һۡ
ʦ߿¡ֶѪ˵
Ѫͷ˳ߣ硣
˳һܱĳļ򣺡СӣҸղŻ㣬û뵽ʻþǸõ֮ˣ㡣
Ļﻹ֪ϳҲû뵽Ǹý֮˾ȻǸ㡣
Ϻ̫ӵ¡
ɿ󣬽ܿݹǺɸ
ϡ﹧
ݵֻʣƤǣ·ʱܱ紵ףΪ̫ǰɹ֮ˣ˵ʵҲ侳ϵǿߡ
ҵĵ̣ڼʱš
ү
ݹǿЦݣֻǣЦñȿ޻ѿ
ү
һû뵽ôܿ죬Ŀ⣬ң̫ɵϡ
̫ӵ¡һЦ
ܲض񣬱ѧһ˽£һǡ
ɿųºһЦ
磿סˡ
⡭
ô£
ң̫ɣԼ磿
һͷǣɣûëɣ
ĸףҵġṫҲҵСã˵ǲӦýһ硯
Ц
ĸף
һЩʧ
УԼĸףżӡ󣬿ɶĸףӡ
ǵãСʱʹףĸÿһΣĸ׶ֻǷҪôתƻ⡣
ȻȻΪԼĸףȥˡ
񣬴ɿе֪ԼĸףҵĹһʱ䣬Щš
硣￴磬ҪԼĿеõ𰸡
СҲ֪һЩˣǵĸףȷʵҵṫᡣ
ͷ
ĸס
ᡣ
ôİ֡
ԽܣԼͻȻðôһĸףһУλΪĹ
ĸЩ˻ơ
ҡ̾˿
ţʡ
ͷ
š
ЦˣǺһЦЦЩ
Ȿһֵø˵Ϣڳ￴ô̡
ĸףţôδض򿴹ֻһΡ
Ϊĸףٴ£Ҳô꣬һ۰ɣ
С֪ʲô
ɫ꣬ĸ󲻾ã뿪ˣʱꡣʱȻҲ֪ĸΪʲôҪ뿪ҿˣĸ뿪ʱ򣬶еᣬһֱᣬ뿪ǰһϣᡣ
ʲô£
֪粻ƭԼҪ֪ࡣ
£ûĸ׵Ҳܸ㣬Ҫ˵ǣȥĸףҲȥ޸ףǣϣˡ
·Щˡ
һ˵ͷʱ궯ѹ£ɹĵѡνҪһһҡ
ͷҲ˼ĸԸԸ㣬㶼ûһ˻ңȥסҲļҡ
ҵļң
ҡͷһЦﲻÿɷ
ò˵Ϣ̫ˣԭĸףλô󣬾ȻҵĹ
վһߣ̾˿
£ףСãҪһμѵľˡ
Ŀ⣬˷̨ϡ
ʱ˺ӵߣɱ˶ʮһӵߣ
󣬸·˳Ŀ⣬ֻ˳һۣЩջԼĿ⣬صīʯʥԺԺĻߡ
⸶
У͸¶ֲмȻ
ǰ⸶ǽҪΪܸƱ
ڣʶʵеͳ֧ˣ
һ̣￴ǶֵĸҲһ־ҡ˵ˣزۿˣѾûʸΪĶ֡
䣡
ԺˣҲصĻߣ·
š
Ļ˵ͷĿ⸴ӣı仯
ף仯ԸԣûʲôӰ죬һϣ־ױ
˵ǻԼ
̨ϣڶѡλڼһ䡢䣬ڶѡεĽܿͳˡ
ʮˣͨɹĵڶֺĵѡΡ
ֱǣ
̫ӣɡ
īʯ۹ҾŻӣĴ
ң硣
īʯ۹ڣ
̤ӣç

īʯ۹ڣ
λڱȥϢͨڶѡ֮ˣջɹŸλϷ̨ڱڶѡ̭ҴǿߣҲȻȥסɹλһݺ񡣡
ڶѡνɹʵӦԷ̨ϵ˵
̨֮ˣŸɢȥ

ڳһ׼뿪ʱߴһ
Ժˡ
ЩȣΪ֮ˣīʯʥԺĸԺĻ
Ļһ˵꣬̾˿λīʯʥԺĸԺˣࡣ
ȵǣλԺ˶۹⣬Ҳ˸ײı仯
Ժ˷ģֻҪң֮䣬ˮˮѡΣѡȨҲѡ
ﴫص
ĻīʯʥԺԺɶīʯʥԺʱҿ棬ŻմǴΣ
޷ܾĻҪ


180 
뿪ɹ̨ȥ֮󣬳﷢ɶڱչأʱûгصס
ˣȥ˸磬ֵܶˣѾ̸˰ޡ
֪ҹʱ֣һµգ췱ǵĳУ͸¶ּȡ
ֵ֮ܶ䣬໥Լһ·ľ
磬˵Լһ·ľóо档
ͬʱҲԼڿʼľһһ˵
ᵽʱ򣬳ȰСºδ޷ݣԣǸ䲻㡣
һЦ磬ѵ㻹ҷŲУҾô𣿷ģͿˡ
˿Ц˾ͺã˾ͺá
ĵܵܳС󣬼ظ飬Ҳĳ￴ԭ
ۼʱ̸ЦףĵܵܣķǸŮˡ
ţֽԼľڣ뼫ʥԺѡΣ뼫ŵ£һһ˸硣
ἰűϻںѪħָʱУŭȼա
գ̨֮ϣѪɺӵһĻһӶ
ҪǼŵļλ棬ƴΪٳһ֮·գŴѣɣ˵Ǽżλġ
ô˵ڻһݣǼŵ
Ҳû뵽Ŵʱܵܳﾭô£Ըоĵĳޣ֮
ǡͷ
Ǽ˼ŵصϡ
һɹĵѡνһȥ׺󣬸ϺϻڡѪħţΪţֻعԺĳޣһ˵ĳޡ
֮䣬˱壺գײҶǴֽ˼˵ǳҵжҪվȻŵʲôʱɱϻںѪħţ
ס
һ
ȻУ׵ӡģǸϵӣԶǡ
еĸףֱһصӺ
ϻںѪħţôҲţ侳ǿĸףֱ˵ţһʱ䣬뵽ľǸҪûҵ
ңҪţ練ƣ
뵽뿪꣬Ը׳ֶ˼ֺ棺磬ڵΪ
ĸףǳѵһţʱ뿪˶򣬳ȥȢңλĹ
󣬶ȥڵʵ϶Ϊǿ
һЦҪԼ˸ףԼȥˡ
ۼأһۣſʼţűźԼһЩ¡
Ѫ
˵ｫѪͳŮͻɣǣ̲ס̾˿
һһֲԤУ磬Ѫˣ
ҲûֱԵѪͳ죬֪űϻںѪħָ󣬴ǧѪｫʿɱ˺ϻڡϻڣѪ̤㣬ѪɺӣŵӼ
䣡
һ˲䣬ֻԼԴ·شݺײһ¡
ѪɱϺϻڣɱ¾úϻŵӼѪɺӣ
ɫǺǶôĵһ̣ϧǣʱڳδѪﲢΪŶս
󣬳･侲磬ôˣ
Ѫǿǧ侳ǿߣǧ
ϻڸǿҲ˵ϻڣ侳ƣϻڵļλ棬һĴڡ
ǵУǿǰѪ㲻ʲô
Ѫ˽ǧˣͳ죬һΪϣҲûܻˡ
̾⻹ǻǿ߼ʱ٣ΪѪıȻѪﲻһ
Ѫͳ죬죬һΪϣ
飬ޱȣ죬ϸ˵ĳ
ΪţѪͳ죬ǹ죬ǧѪ̤ϺϻڣѪһսҪ
죬Ȼ紫һ㣬޷죡
ϻǿΣһɱ췭ظ
һ̣·ᵽ쵱ʱ飬һִֵＫµķŭ
˵˵°ɣôīʯ۹ڣɹĺĵѡΣ
˳ص飬תƻ⣬΢Цʵ
һ￪ڣīʯ۹ľɶ£ûκ˵˳
ɶ
ĸ࣬صɶΪλڳߣҶԳôãҲЩ⡣
ҡͷ
ûʹʡ
ʹ
Щ㱣ֻǣƺ֮ҲûٶʣϾÿ˶Լܣһգ˵
šͷ
ӵܵܳУҲ֪ΪɶŮӣξȹĵܵܣǶԵܵж֮ˡ
ȷʵʲô֮
ʲôʱҼã
翴Цλȥһȥ׿϶ܸ˵ġ
һ̣ǳҲЩΪˣˣȥϢֱӿ
ųǱıӰһЦ
ȥ󣬳ڷ˺û˯Ҳû˼ȫյ֪һϢţҳһš
ĸףţ
ֻˣĸףҵġṫλ
տʼĸ׻ŵϢʱ޹ĸס
ɸһʶĸףƺʲô⣬ŲѺԼ룬Լ
У顣
ɹĵѡνҾʹɶȥҪ֪ࡣ
󣬳뵽Ѫͳ£̾һ
ڼʱ˵Ĵš
죬֮ǰŰ츳֮ˣΪ˷ŵ޷졣
ΪһЩ£뿪˼ţƾԼֶΣһִѪ֧ǿľӣ
ڴеǹ죬һֱ
ɽգ֪Ϊ˼ţɱϺϻڣһΪϵϢЩˣһӢۣʹį
ΪһŭѪϻڣɷ޺
죬ɾ
оЩƵĳ߳˷䣬߽ǰԺʯǰ£ߵ£һʱЩʧ
һ·оЩƣ

ͻȻۡϿգһ΢紵
ɫһ䣬Ȼ̧ͷһӰ̤֮Уӣ
㣡
վɫѿޱȣǰ֮ˣǱˣǽպһϷ̨ˣϻڵ档
ʲôɹɲ
ˣһ
գҾƴһҲ
߿֮ϵˣ£µΧŰͷ֮ϣīӰֶ¡


181 ѡ
װ뿪ȴû뿪ɹ֮С
һҪҪ
꣬Ҳֵˡ
ǰһƿСᱻ˵Լȥ
ɽգչֳ˫츳ɱǺϻδϣһһˣ
ʱʶﲻϻڳͷ
ԣƴһҲҪɱΪϻڳȥǱصв
ף˽ҹպҪɱȵ컹ѣ
ԣһֱڵȴõʱ
ۿǰڳﷴӦ˲䣬ˣȫ֣ޱ
䡫
侳صĿЯŻ֮ƣ
츳ֶͨͨͨ£ֱ֣ӳ
ɲǣףϻڵϼһܿģҪαس㿪ɺܿͷ֣һһĿ֮ƣ·һռ֮С
ɽ·֮ӶԳ忪
ɫѿڵһѸޱȵٶת̼䣬ƾճֵķɵ֮ͨϡ
ͷѪͨҲһͬ
䣡
ֻǣѪͨճɲǣͱµֱӺ顣
ۣ
ͨɣ̲ס³һѪеķɵ֮ͨ
䡪
ʱһ𣬷·ƾճֵڳ֮֡
һ𣬿µӿ˸߿գͨת˲֮䣬Ա飡
Ψ֮ƣ΢֧Ƭ̣
߿֮ϣƾճ֣ǵӣ˸ż˵ɱ⡣
ݹǣ
ɫһ䣬ôҲû뵽ҵǿߣ־³
û°ɣ
һӰ̤նڳߣִϣʦѪ
Ѫһ࣬ʱʹֻ֣ǣݹǳֵٶȣҪ졣
û¡ҡͷֻܵͨɣԼӻָȬ
ݹǣΪιҺϻ£
ɫΪѿ
ݹǣǰЩӣɱʦлգ£֮ǡ
ɹϣκ˲¡
ʱһԴ˷ݶϣżɱ֮⡣
֮Уһɢɢ
ĪȻ£һΪӴӡ
ˡ
ӡ£ƻȴӣ·ʲôסˡ
һ£͸¶Ͳʵֱӱޣʣ
ţӡɢȥع
ʲôֶΣ
һĻĳóﾪĪ
ֹߵѪи߿֮ϵĿݹǣҲһȻ
ղλɹǿߵֶΣͬ嵽ǡ
δ֣·ڼԶ֮أֻӡɱ
һ侳ǿߣλǿУһ㡣
лϡ
ΣӦĳԿݹǵл
Ȼףϲ֣Ҳɹǿ֣߳ǳп飬ܼʱ֣ǰػһࡣ
΢΢һЦүɹǿػҲͰˡ
뿪Ѫ˵һҲ뿪
ɹȻǿƣһػͷۡǿߣ˿µֶΡ
İȫǷˡ
ʱۡڳϺڵӣ߳ûʲôرĶֶ»صԼӵĸۡ
һУ»ع
ڸۡǰԺԼӻָţУ͸¶ղųֵɹǿߣ֮һµʶ
λǿߣӦǵ侳ǿߣһһĵ侳ǿߡ
ﰵ
ȥһ۱չصɶɶûб󣬳˿
ɶ򣬱յأǱܻṦһԸġ
գѪڵĸۡѪϡ
񣬳ʱҲûС֮ģգչֳʵõϿɡ
ȷʵʵһһǿߵʸ
ʱսǵʿƣԸ߿֮ϣ£λˡ
ն𣬸ƣ̨Ӷȥ
ֵܣû뵽ᣬһ˵ʵɹ꣬Ź֮У츳֮ܺˡ
·ϣƿĿ¶ʣ̾
¹ˡ
΢΢һЦû˿ףڵʵǿǰ㲻ʲô
һ࣬Ժϻ桰ȫһƴҲⲻһ
侳ǿߣܵС
Ȼɹλǿߵ£ת˲򣬾ͱɱʣ
죬ˡ
֮··ûоͷڵһʵȴҲֻվڸһѣǰ棬кܳ·Ҫߡ
̤Ϸ̨Է֣ĸ磬̫ɡϣѾ
գ̨ϣֻʣʮλԸǿߡ
Уռīʯ۹ռīʯʥԺռʣµ߸ֱΪ߸ռݡ
ȻλˣǾͿʼеѡΡ
̨ϿգʵӦӰ̤ն䡣
յĵѡΣҲɹһֺĵѡΣڳʮλſĩβˣ⵽̭ǰʮˣΪɹĵӣɹƬԽǰõƬԽ󡣡
ӦĻڳˣü
Ƭ
ǴеĿģΪƬ
ڣ˵һµѡεĹ򣬵ѡεĹڶֲͬʮӵ߷𡣡
˵ӦĿ⣬˷̨һߣӪϡ
ʮӵߡ
ӦջĿ⣬˵ʮӵߣǰ֮˷սսʤս֮ˣԵõƣȡ֮֮ˣһλ֮Ҳһλ磺ʮӵߣûսһʮӵսɹҲһλΪʮӵߡѡΣǴȫ֣ع˼Էؼʱ̣һֽǷֿ
Ӧ˵ҲζţɹֺĵѡΣˡ
ҲǣѡΣûκƣ˵׼ѡνʣµĴ֮ˣ¶ʮɹѡʮλĵӵּۡ
ս֮ˣǿչһ֮ˣȻս֮ûһԽս
ӦŵѡεĹ
ѡΣƸӣתһ룬Ǻ߾ϣʵսʤһӵߣһܽȡ֮
ڳ֮ˣһΪʴӱ֮ˣܿ͸ѡιİ
ûκʡ
λûʣѡΣ㿪ʼ


182 ɽ
ڣʮӵߣīʯ۹ڣѡ֡
Ӧڣѡʽʼ
Ϊʮӵߣһ˷̨
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬ɨ̨Χһǿߵӣһ˵ϣѡ񣬰˺ӵߡ
˺ӵߣīʯʥԺ
īʯ۹ʮ󿡽Уеģеǰ档
ǰʱ䣬̤۶սУʤ
īʯ۹֮ˣӦöʮ󿡽ܵУΪʮ󿡽ܵˣУ˵
ֻǣʮ󿡽еĵעҲ޸ˣֻΪɹڶֺĵѡϡ

ѡϣӶ̤ն𣬵˷̨
͸ڷ̨ϣ໥š
ѲΪսʤУʤң
¶ЦԳмһˡ
һЦܲʤ㣬ɲ˵㣡
ģὫĻᣬ˷ڸϡ
ѡУÿ˵ѡȨޡ
ԣһʱ䣬̨ϣš
Ÿ˽̨ϣӿײƿ֮˷

ͷ֮ϣɫӰ֣츳ͨ
ڸ츳ͨʱҲԼͨͨ
޼᲻ݵĽ֮ͨںһ޼䡣
𣬳һɨһһ亮۶ɣĿ
ÿһÿɢһ
ĽǻڵĽ
ķͨһɫ⣬ڣĿ֮£˫֣˷ݵצ
ֻˣıϣҲһ˫ͨ
ͨá
ЩȣҲûͨӵߣֻǣķͨӵߣû侳һĴڡ
侳һķͨӵߣգҲǵһμ
ڶѡʱ֣ܶûж֪ͨǷͨӵߡ
Ӧǡˡɣ
ʱĿЩŹ֡
һ˫ɫĴ𣬻ɫ⣬쵽¡
̨Χս֮ˣ̲ס̧ͷ
еĽ۳ΣɫҲϵš
ˣ
߿֮ϣ£ɫ⣬ء
һ˫צ˫֣׵壬˺һ֮ƣ¡
צչҫ£ԣ˸˵ĺ⡣
ôٶȸ£Яų˺һ֮ƣһ˫צ·ܶһС
˶Ϊܿķâʱһ󵨵Ķ
ֻһ𣬷֮𣬾ŸӭȥеĽ˸˫צķ
ʲô
ǳҲ޷Ķ
ǽ֮ԼʩչµĹѵצķƾ裬Һ͸ӲӲ
ƾʲô
뷨Ҳڳ󲿷˵뷨
˲ɣ
ΨѪһƽ˿⡣
µĸۿӭҪײһ˫ӣ˸żַ񣺡
һ˫צ䣬нĽײһ
ڴ󲿷˶ΪҪʱнһתצһߣһķ˸ĸ֮
צ˳ų£ꡱ
ݣ
תһ˫צº󣬳нһ˺Ѹķơ
ڸֵĿУĽĺ̳
壬ΪĹԣ㱳˫ĴһʱҲԶסӰۿĽ¶

ǧһ֮ʣһƾճֵͳֿ
ĽգҲգսۿŸǱڷ̨ϡ
ʤΪµİ˺ӵߣΪźӵߣ֮ˣ½
ʱӦһսĽ
ղţΪ֣ûҪȻһҪ˸
ۿ緢ͷһЦϲ
ֶΣ𺳣ǷǰΪġ˸աֶΣղʩչĽٲȻм̫֡İ׾پͽĸ֮⣬øԸ
˳һۣڣһһս㡣
ﵭһЦ㵽ס
صīʯʥԺԺĻߣЩʧǡ
㲻ˣʤ㣬ΪĽÿ㣬׼δʤ㡣
ĻûڣĻһˣüͷ΢˵
ˣǰˡ
ҡͷɫס
Ļ̾һǰôûãôȻ޷ܡ
ʵ״صüȱ㶼¶˳
ڳ֮ˣҪôǸĳ侳һĴڣҪôһһеٮٮߣ۹ܿղһİ
Ľ
ڣʮӵߣѡ֡
͸һսĻѡΣС
ڵʮӵߣǸղŵʮӵߣųǿСӡ
һΧѡʮӵߣΪһսĶ֡
ҲֻѡʮţΪѡʮһţûκ塣
Ψǰʮ֮ˣܳΪɹĺĵӣˣǰ󣬶Ҫ̭
̨ϵļս綾
ʮӵߣǿʮӵߣȡ֮
һµʮӵߣս֡
µʮӵߣīʯʥԺ֮ˣĿ⣬ϣ䲻ʶԷȴֹһ˵Է֮
īʯʥԺУ߼ѧԱѧԱ޵С
ͬʱҲʮ󿡽еһˣǸʮ󿡽ܵġ
һˣʮ󿡽ܵĴ֮īʯʥԺ߼ѧԱɽ
ţɽͬΪīʯʥԺ߼ѧԱʮ󿡽еá
ɽϷ̨Ŀ⣬ڳƬ̣̤ҵӣçϣѡӵߣç
ɽսç
һΣīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܣڳǿУռˣνǳ˷ͷ֤ʮ󿡽ܵĲ
ɽ˵㣬īʯʥԺѧԱеĵһˣ۹ʮ󿡽
ç̤նɽţ¡ӡ
ҵʯעҪʧˡ
çϣ͸¶ŵЦݡ
սɡ
ɽɴ࿪ڣϳۣ޷Զ

çأ֣ͨ˷·Ϊһ壬һ̤µ̺Ŵ֮ƣɽ
ɽ̩ɽûá
ɽ򵥡
ɽһۣڶѡʱɽûչ¶ž޵ֶΣȴҲǸɴػ˶֡
Ķ֣ʱ츳ͨɻǱˡ
һսʼգû츳ͨ


183 ɽͨ
ţţţţţ

çµĶȻ٣ÿһ棬Ƶײ֮ݶ·ܴ͸ġ
Ƿ̨ΧĹս֮ˣԸоçĿ¡
çµ̺ų˺һĴ֮ƣŴͨХ
֮ɢһȦȦɼ
ͺ֮
ֻǣçֶΣɽƽ֮У𣬲ɽ
ç޷Ӱ쵽
ܡ
ǰһĻçţû
ɽֻŹֵĺ֮ƣͨûãϮûܵκӰ졣
Է˺һ֮Ƶǿߣ⡣
ǰɽΪ൱֮ƣһ൱ǳ˺һ֮ơ
ɽΪܲӰ죿
̨ΧһĿ⣬ɽϡ
çĿ£ڳ֮˶ۼʶڶѡʱçĶ֣̤亹ֱֱ䣡
գɽȫçڳ֮˶еĪ
ûʲôܵġ
ɽƽͬʱͷ֮ϣһӴӰ֡
ǡ
һӰڳ֮ˣ׷׺Ȼ
ؼ䣬츳ͨ
Ǭ½治С
Ŀ⣬Ҳɽͷ֮ϳֵ츳ͨ
ɽ츳ͨͨͨҲͨȻͨ
ͨһɽһ̴ïġɽ
ɽͨҲϰ׸ߣʮףޱȡ
ɽɽ̨֣ͨϵգڵһ룬ɽͨһȻ
ɽͨȻɽ
çɫ䣬ɽֺͨ󣬺ܶ£ƺ˹
ҵͨɽԳΪɽͨҵ֣ɽͨ
ɽͷӴޱȵɽͨ˷·Ϊɽ˿çҳǿر̺˴֮ƺʹͨ󣬸޿ײ룬˺һ֮Ƶǿߣѵ
Ҳͬɽ츳ͨɽ֮ͨƣǡɽ֮ơɽ֮ƣ򲻶ɽʯ쾪̺֮ƣ̺ͨܺΪɽң
ɽڣԵޱȣڳ֮˵ɫ
ɽͨɽ֮ƣڳһǿߣҲǵһ˵
ɽСˣΪҾͻҵͨǴͨͨɽɽһڴУҪڴأţҪɽ飡
çϣһɫĹ֡
çУƾճһ޴
Ȼçָ
䣡
һ죬çŵضеľ޴͵
֣֮ͨ
һɫֵç·˴֮񴸣Ҫɽɽͨ顣
ç޴˴أĴ֮ƣʣ
ɽмݶ䡣
Ŀ֮£ɽ̧͵һѹ
֮ʱɽͨˣç£Ӵɽç
ɽ֮ͨУ̺ɽɽɽ֮ƣ̺Ż
ȣ
çһȣо޴ɽͨҳ
ֻǣĴ֮ƺʹͨܿͱɽɽͨ׷顣
䡫
ɽͨ£Яźçŷ̨ȥ
ɽͨʵˣçᱻҳ⽴

ɽ֮ͨ£çΧص֣ǿдɽͨ˳
çͬʱɽͨҲ£ڷ̨֮ϡ
һʱ䣬̨Χվŵˣֻо˫һ̨ɽɽͨҵƬ̲Żָƽ
һɽһɽͨû뵽ɹĵѡΣܳܲ
ɹʵӦ̵ڶѡο޹һβ߿ɽ
Ӧɹǿߣǿ֮һʶ㣬Ȼɽ츳֮ͨƵĲ
ɽɳ󣬱ǼΪµ
ɽ֮ͨǰҲǼδδš
ԿһּΪǿ츳ͨͨһĶͨȡ
л˾֮
çһ亹ղţͱɽɱˣҿλʵ֡
Ӧ˵ͷçͨǼΪȻͨúУδؾͲɽɽͨһоԣδǺ¡
Ӧ۹⣬εȶһ۾Ϳç
лѣçġ
çγѣлɽһۣ˷̨
ˣܵķڷ
ɽɽͨɽ֮ƣ̫ǿˡ
ɽʤΪµӵߡ
ӦɽȡçΪӵߡ
ɽϲ
ɽīʯʥԺԺĻ΢Цϲ
лԺˡ
ɽ΢΢ͷĿ⣬ܿںѸϡ
ҲڿֻǣڵĿ⣬Щİɽһ¶޷ˡ
żָ̾·𳹵
ž
ɽɫ䣬һ̧֣˸һĶ⣬øЩ¡
ѣǰĸȥˣǸҪΪʮ󿡽ܵһ˵ĸȥˣ
ɽЩɸ֡
ɽһ¶Сĸ˫ֻϡǵԼաǡ
Լ츳ͨɽΪƾŹ˵츳ͷǼīʯʥԺΪīʯʥԺĸ߼ѧԱ
īʯʥԺΨһѣ
ʮ󿡽ܵһˣ
ԳһЦЩҡͷԼܵܵĳ𶼱ˣ̸Ϊʮ󿡽ܵһˣɽǱ϶ܳΪʮ󿡽ܵһˣң㣬Զ㣡
ɽȰֻǣһ£ûһƢڳܡ
أɽģޱȡ
ףˡ
־ߣһҲˡ
Ļ̾˿
ڶѡοʼı仯С
ɹڶֺĵѡʱչֳǿʵ󣬸ͶԳη壬ӣ־ʱͳѷ졣
գڶѡΣֱͳͬΪ֮˻ܣ־ϵѷ죬ɢ
ղɽչֳǿޱȵʵѹçø־ױ
ɽѣҲһҪ׷Ŀ꣬ʶɽֶΣûţͳֲֲѷ־Ȼ

ɽУֳɭȻŭĿ⣬·˺ռ䣬͸ڳϡ
־һеʼٸߣǳ
ɽĿ⣬ﵱȻˣԸоɽʱ˸ɭȻս⡣
ϣܶȡǰźƣҪһս׻㣡
Ķߣɽᶨޱȵ


184 ɶ
ɽУս⡣
ղţûѡΪ뽫ﻹһϣø
Ȼһ̣ףˣ׻ˡ
һΨһѣϧꡣ
Ҫڸǰܳøúÿɵη֮ˣˡ
ʱ
ģһᡣ
ĿɽĿײһ𣬴ص
ɽŭȴûɱ⡣
ʱףһֵ𾴵ǿߣȥˣȫȻͬôһѣҲ˱ĸ
̨ϵѡΣݱ
ս𣬰֣֮֮ˣսǰ֮ߣֻǣЩ˶ûսɹ˷һսᡣ
ǰļˣʵǣʲôţʲôʵ
ˣսʧܣֵʮƵӵߣսǰ֮ˡ
ʮӵߣ

ӦĿɨ⸶˲ɣ
ûӦ
ֵ㷢սˡ
īʯʥԺԺĻüԸ˵
Щįص˵ͷ̤˷̨
Ŀ⣬ǰǿɨǰһλ֮ˣ֮ǰȡ֮ĳ
յѡεĹأս
Ǿźӵߣڳǰ棬ǳ˺ӵߡ
ߺӵߣΪɽɱӳΪӵߣҲһ
ߡ
Ŀɨ¶м⸶еս
Ȼע⵽˳ﲻмĿ⣬ǰᲪȻŭսڣԺиֵģǳߴӰ
ڶѡʱչֵǿʵȫʧȥġ
ѡӵߣç
󣬸ѡçɽܣµ֮ˡ
īʯʥԺˡ
çɫһɽܣķڷɱεӣＫΪˬ
ç̤˷̨͸һսս
һʼͻԼͨһ˫ɫʩչֶΣǺͳһսʱһֶΡ
䡪
ۿ䣬ç̤ϯ𣬳
ϣһɫֳ֡
çо޴֣µĴ֮ƣ̨ΪһĴͨһ嫵Ÿ˹ȥ
çһɫǺ졣
һҲܵӰ죬ɢ룬ֻʣ¸֮
䣡

çľ޴Ÿȥڳ֮˶óܵçһ
Ӧٴγ֣çĹ⣬ǣһࣺսʧܣ
ߣ۹ʮ󿡽УҲǰʵʮ󿡽ܵˣЦѡ
çĮɨ˸һۣЦ
ɲ˭ӡ
ȻһЦį˷̨ȫȻû˹ȥ

ɽüʵһ㲻çҲ̫Զ
ǰô׾ͱçܣڵĸ־û˹ȥӲȫʵ
Ϊʮӵߣڸǰ棬Ǿźӵߣ
ֻǣ֮ǰսһΣֿգֵ˺ӵ߷ս
˺ӵߣ
ӦĿ⿴Ҳڣ̤˷̨

ۿϷ̨֮ˣĿⶼϡ
ڳǿУ֮ˡ
ڶѡʱչֳǿʵһѡΣûս
ڣֵսǰ֮ˡ
˶棬ս˭
ɽ
Ŀ⣬ӵߣɽϣղŲ˵Ҷȡǰźƣлսڣô鷳ˣҳս㣡
սɽ
Ļڳ֮˶һ
ɽʵǿޱȣǵڶѡʱɱܱȡ
ڳ֮ˣĿá
ս
ʵ̰Դ
ܿ죬ͻн
սң
ɽЩȣû뵽սǳսǰ֮˳ɹս
ڣֱӾѡΪλĵʯ
սɽ
īʯʥԺĸԺĻЩȡ
ҲīʯʥԺѧԱգɹĵѡУȻսʥԺѧԱһˣɽ
Գá
úÿţǿĳǲܻܣ
Ը˵һ䣬ޱȵɽ̤ն̤˷̨š
ˡ
ɽҲϻһͷ֮ϵģɽ֣ͨϣɽ֮ƣϯ𣬶ųХ
һ֣ɽͷɽͨХ䣬·Ҫѹɽ֮¡
𣬳ѪͨҲˣѪ֣ͨӴһĿ֮£ֱ׳ͣ¡
׳̨֮ͨϣѶ䣬Ƴ
÷̨Χȫɢһʱ䣬̨¶˳
ɹڹ֮УĿ⣬ڸ߿֮¶ķ̨ϡ
̨ɹһֱʥĴڣգȫ¶˳˾档
ʱ̨Ͽգ֮ϯ䣬һͨӵߣ
ͷ֮ۡڳϺڵӣ׷̧ͷ̨򣺡ͨѵǳ
ӦǣͨӵߣǷëǰĴڣ̨ϣʮλԸǿ棬Ӧֻгͨӵߡ
Ҳ֪ĶʲôˣǷʤ

ڳϺڵ۵ͬʱһۡУһƲײķƣһ
ƣ·΢磬˿֮С
΢ɨۡһ֮ڣžյŮӣһʤѩ΢գ֮С
ŮȵˣԴԴһ΢磬˴ĴȻе΢磬κʡ
𣬰ŮӵΣص
˷·ɷ磬ڿ΢֮Уޡ
Ϣűһ紵
ǰԺ֮Уŷ䣬һʤѩŮӣֳΡ
硣
߿֮ϴݶ֮Ůӵϣ¶΢Ц
΢紵Ůʧԭأһײķ֣նɹ̨ȥ
̨ΧѲӵɹӣоһķ紵
ֻǣһÿ죬ȥҲ죬ת۾ʧǵ߷Χ
һʱ䣬ЩѲӵɹӣֻΪԼۻˡ
̨Ͽգ֣һʤѩӰֳΡ
̨ϣѪͨѶ䣬֮壬ɽɽͨ𣬴սһ
ʱӦͳ߿֮мżȻ
ôɹ̨
Ӧڣɽڣ˵Ŀ⣬ڸ߿֮ϡ
׵İŮӣǵǰ
Ůӵգ֮ģǽٷŮ


185 ɽ
ɶˣ
ۿɶȻڷ̨ϿգЩȡ
ףɶȻˣ϶ͻơ
硣
ɶϣֵЦݣһЦ˳ǣЦ˹Īڴˡ
ʶ
Ӧɫʳ
Щ
λŮӣһ֮ƣٲȻ˺һԲ֮һʵͨԶŮӣղŻܵһʱ䷢Ůӵټ
ҪǣλŮӵͣҲͺͳ൱
ǣˡ
ͷǸȻһЦ˼£ɶ̫׹ء
šӦ˵ͷȥɽһս
á
￴ɶɶ̨һս
ɶͷû֮䣬ٴγʱͳѪ̨࣬ΧҲֻѪȽϤ
Ѫ纮ϣ΢΢ݡ
˺һԲ֮ƣ
λŮӣһθ𺳡
Ҳ˺һԲ֮ƶѡ
Ŷ󣬾Ȼϣȡ˺൱ĳɾ͡
ѪݣǷ׷ɫ䣬ĪڳǿߣԸһٮٮߣЩûд˺һ֮Ƶľ硣
λŮӵͣڳǿ߶ҪСȻ˺һԲ֮ơ
ǵڶѡʱâ¶ɡĴ˾磬ǰȻʧɫ
Сеɶ
ҲЩʧ񣬿һʤѩŮӣд
û뵽ܵܳߵĺۼˣ˳ɫĿ˶
ܣ֪ʲô𣿡ɿŮӵĿУż־ȣʳ硣
̫ӵ£ҵܵĺ֪
΢Цͬʱһ̾ɶǿ˲֪١СǺø
俴ŮӺͳϵһ㣬˵̲סݡ
Σһ̾ܺø
˺һԲƣ
īʯʥԺԺĻԶɶĿ⸴ӡ
֮չ˳ɶĿģɶīʯʥԺɹĵѡΡ
ֻϧ淢һЩ£ɶ뿪īʯʥԺ뿪˵۶
ھûɹĺĵѡΣ
ĻЩȣţŮӲѡΣϣȡһ
˺һԲ֮ƣīʯ۹ҵľŻӣĴԶ
˸һǿڿɶǿߣĿҲɶϡ
īʯ۹ŻӣĴ˸˳ɫŮӣܵ飬޺
һĴɶ࣬棬΢ЦλĴ
ĴõֶΣڵ۶ʱСϣûŮܿһס
ֻǣһΣעҪʧˡ
ɶĿ⣬ڸ߿֮ϵĳϣ·ֻгһˣȫûκ˷ϡ
λĴǷܽѣ
Ĵмһţڡ
ֻǣģɶĲᡣ
ĴɫѿĴīʯ۹ҾŻӣʮ󿡽ܵһˣѵ͹㽻ѣ
Ϊīʯ۹Żӣһ츳һˣĴԼİ
ֻҪȤŮˣûеòġ
ҲĴԸһŮӣ߳ŭ
Ĵ
߿֮ϣע⵽ĴĶɫһ
Ȼɶ֮䣬仹һɴûͱƣУͽɶԼŮˣۿĴ˷ŵɫһ
㡭ܳ
ɶĿ⣬ڳϣһ̧֣صķ˺һԲƣ̺ǿ˸
һ֣ͽȫֵĴˡˣ
Ĵɫһ䣬ǰλŮӾɫ֮󣬻̲żΪµʵ
ԶĴɹĵѡεīʯ۹ǿߣһĻɫһɶ֡
ֻǣǰŸ̤ͱһʱֻоëȻ
һѪС
һǿߣݹǡ
һӦ
̨ϣʲôӣǵۻʣøʵţҿһ̡
ӦĮĿ⣬Ĵϣв֮⡣
Ĵɫѿŭԣ˻ȥ
Ĵ
ܱɶ֣ĴðɶУ˸żɱ⡣
һս
Ӧ߿֮ϵĳɽڵ
һѹеķŭעתƵɽϡ
ѪͨѶ£ѹɽֱͨӾѪͨ೤֮һɽͨ
ͨȻǿ󣡡
̨Χ֮˿һĻ̲ס̾
ͨͨԶÿһͨӵߣĳ
鴫
ߣ
ɽǰ̤նɽͨһ𣬲ѹԼ
ɽֶͨ£ɽΪһ壬ɽʧȫɽ֮ͨС
һĻһ
ʲôֶΣ
Լɽ֮ͨУɽʲô
ܿ죬ɽ˴𰸡
¡¡
֮Уɽͨһ𣬷·
ɽ֮ͨϣɽ֮𣬰ֳɽͨٴѹ
ֻǣһΣɽͨ
ѪͨһΣ޷סɽͨ
ڣ
ѪͨһѪ⣬Ϊһ壬˫ֺ˫ţѪ۱鲼צ
֮壡
צһץ֣ǣ֮𣬰˲һ
̤ն𣬻֮ĳӭɽͨ
𣬳˺һĵƣƥ·˺
䡪
ɽ֮ƣʯ쾪ɽɽͨ£չֳ۷Ҫѹ
ݣ
ĵ޼᲻ݣӭɽͨ
ꡪ
ɽͨµɽ֮ƣȻƥǱһ˺ѡ
ƣƥ
ɽΪɽͨ棬Ҿͷֲ㣿
¶ֵȻתֱɽͨһ࣬һ£·ɽͨ˼Ĺ֡
䣡
һ죬ɽͨɢɽҡҡ׹ȾѪɫҰޱȡ
ôֵģ
ɽų¶˼Ĺ⻪
ûˣɽͨΪһܷıɽͨδ
ҵġ
ﵭһЦ
Ҹģ
ɽһ˼飺ܣʲôʱˣ
̨Χ֮ˣ̲ס𺳡
ȻƵɽɽͨ
һǿߣóɽɽͨΪһ壬Ϊĵطıڣı壬Ͼֻ壬ɽͨУҲ޷ıʵ
ֻǣǣԷɽɽͨʲôط
Ƕ֣ôֵģ
ɽˡ
￴ɽһֱۣԵ
ͨƣͨɵɽ⡣
һԼܵĪɽȻҳϣҰˣֻǣηұڵģ


186 ˾ͨ
ɽǿڳ֮ˣĿá
Ȼˣһսʤˣʤøɾ䣡
һͱƳɽɽͨеı壬ɽͨ𣬻ɽ
ʮͷˣһθڳ֮˴𺳡
ܡ
ɽһۣﶯ̤·̨ɶߡ
ǰĿ˶ֻǼղ
磬ˡ
ɶ΢Цȡ΢ЦŸȥͷϵļκ飬һʱ䣬̨컵Ⱦ
Ǻø
ڣ˶ʶ˳ɶĹϵ罵ٷŮһŮӣǳĺ֪
ѹ֣ղ˿ĴĴڨ
һʱ䣬Щ˵Ŀ⣬Ĵϣ͸¶ֹŹ֡
ĴɫЩѿĿУżɱ⣺ĴϵŮˣûеòġһ֪ϵġ
ĴеĽȫ˳
Ĵ
Զɨ̺޾ɱĿ⣬ȻˣηӭĴĿ⣬ϣ˪
磬ҪҪɶȥɱɶ˳֣ʡ
·ֻҪӦһͻȥĴɱһ㡣
áҡͷ
֮£Ҫ˵ķʽȥǳĵĵߺִš
̨Ͽգɽ̣û뵽ﻹǰŪ飬˳һۣɽҲ뿪˷̨īʯʥԺԺĻߡ
ɽ̾˿Ҫܳʰĵġ
˭֪ᣬһʵȴͷʶıڣһٽܡ
һ۸ɽ֣ɫΪѿ
ԼͳһսˣԸԣǳصĴ
û뵽һλửɷȮ
ʱ֪ȥοˣϾܸ˳ڸԣңɼ
սɹΪµӵߡ
Ӧڡ
һֵ˾磬˾ս֮ˡ
˾磬һɹĵѡеĺ
ڳ֮ˣû֪ԺηȻڶѡʱչֳǿʵˡ
˾磬˺һ֮Ƶǿߡ
˾米ݣ̤˷̨档
Ŀ⣬ûˣֱĴϡ
Ĵīʯ۹ҾŻӣ˺һ֮Ƶǿߡ
ѡīʯ۹ŻӣĴ
˾翪ڣսĴ
˾ѡĴΪ֣ڳ֮˵Ҳȡ
ǿ˺һ֮Ƶ˾磬ڳǿУҲֻɺĴܺᲢۡ
ˣҪһΡ
˾磡
˾սĴɫһ
˾粻ѡһӵɣѡӵжƵǾɡ
̲סŭ
Ĵ̤նն˾š
ӿսһ
ǣɶ֣Ӫ
ɶҸ硣ܳɶʶ
硣˵ǰƳˣǳĸ磬ɶ˫Ҳ⸡ֺּСϱҳʱģ
ɶСˣС飬Ҳĸ
΢Цһ̧֣Уһ
񣬽覣ƿһֻϵķˣ˵һͷһֻϡԿһ࣬ƿССġ֣ĸתСģ˵ǵСˣСｻϱҲʱԭˡ
ֻǷȴǳ⣬Ƿ
ĸס
ǸңվǱĸףûǹ
ɶ˫գ͸¶ɬûȥӣһ۳·Ҫ
һĻóɸпλɫŮӣǶԳء
°ɡͷ
ɶԣŹɵؽӹ˳ݹİ䱦߬߬ýģ»ʧһ㡣
ɶСļˣ̲סЦˡ
Ƕû뵽Ʋʳ˼̻ɶһ档
ǿϣ̫ӵ¡ֽ˿ݹǡ̫ɸɶʶ
ϣ̫ӵ¡
ɶһһк
ɶݹǶɶͷϼȿ޻ѿЦݡ
ãҲûʲôԺܳףٸǲһݺ񡣡
ɶɶǸȻһЦ
˾磬ԺηʵȻǿ󡣡
໥к󣬳ɶĿʼڳ֮⣬Ｘ˵Ŀ⣬»ص˷̨ϡ
ʱ̨ϣĴ˾һսײҵĻ𻨣
֪ʱĴѾԼ츳ͨ츳ͨˮͨȻͨ
ˮΣĴǰ۳ͣĴĶˮ̺˺һ֮ƣ˾硣
ЩˮΣˮͨƼ򵥣ÿһˮУ̺ǿ
ÿһˮΣɱ֮У
ˮ֮Ħ÷֮͡
ʱ˾֮УŪݵ˫֣Ҳɱ
ͷ֮ϣ츳ͨ۳͡
˾ͨһħӰһĴڣħĶ˾һ£ڸŪǰĹݡ
ֻǣħĹݣӰ۶ɣ֮С
ħ˫ʮָ趯֮ݶһʵʵĴڡ
˾ɫ£û˹ȥƵᣬȻԵĴƽУȫԸ
һת
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ת˲֮䣬˾ϵңһ̺˺һ֮ƣӭĴˮͨˮΡ
һңӭһεˮΡ
飡飡飡飡飡

֮ϣ̶ըȴ˾ңһһĴˮλ顣
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һңһγһľˮΡ
Ϊܵҵˮͨ
Ĵ¶Цһ̧֣ˮһ𣬷·Ҫγɵľ˺
ʱһ˾츳ͨݵϢĴ֣޴ӡ
·޿ײ룬ﲻڣĴĴڡ
һ˲֮䣬Ĵһɫɷס
գ
˾ƽڷ̨Ͽմ
һ̣γɵľһգĴˮͨ׻Ϊޡ
һѪ³Ĵ߰ͷ­
˾ֶΣع죬ʤ
Ĵˣ
Ĵīʯ۹ҾŻӣʮ󿡽ܵһˣųƵ۹һǿߣգһ֮˵С
˼飬˼飡˾磬Ǵʲôطðģ

̨Χ֮ˣ׷׺Ȼ
Ĵķ
˾磬ĬĬš
գһսĴȻ˾С
˾磬νǳ˷ͷ
ʲôͨоЯŽЧֱӽҵĵڶͨ
ĴɫΪѿ˾磬ʵ


187 ͨ
ʲôͨо·ŽЧֱӽҵĵڶͨ
Ĵʵڷ̨Χ֮Уɫһ
ڶͨ
ĴĿ˫ͨӵߡ
ֻǣĵڶͨãͱ˾ͨ۵ˡ
Ĵж
ĴҲȷʵǱԭ˾ͨ۵֮ԸҲȥᣬΪеڶͨƾ衣
Լĵڶͨܵ˾ͨ۵
˭֪˾ͨ۵ޱȣֱӽĵڶֻͨˣŵĵһͨ
һ·ֱ꣬ʤ
ħͨ
Ĵ˾ָƵᣬһЦ
ħͨҼסˡ
һĴ˷̨
нյĳɾͣĴ־ޱȣһսʧԣûʲôӰ죬Ӱ첻־ֺ
ֻǣȴ˼ִ
һҪҵƽ˾ħ֮ͨ´л˾һսҪսʤ˾磬һѩǰܡ
ԼĿ꣬˾磬Ϊĵʯ
Ȼ֮·Ʊػ谭
˾ʤΪµĶӵߡ
ɹʵӦڣһսɰ˺ӵߣçս
˾ǿƲӣçһٽ
ֵѡˡ
ӶɽսçͱһŻ
̤Ϸ̨Ŀ⣬ϣ·ѡΪĶ֡
սӵߣ
ԭĺӵߣΪ˾ġӡ˵塣
çڣڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬ϡ
īʯ۹һһˣīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵڶˡ
çʮ󿡽ܵɽУս
ˣçѡ񣬶˼ɡ

˷̨ç
çóͨҲΪǿĴ֮ƣ˺һ֮
һŹͨӰΣϼƣ·ܶһС
ţţţţţ

çһ̤µ̺Ŵͨʹ֮ƣƿն
ç̤ͬʱȡ˱УŹңŹ
У̺·Ҫçһƴ¡
ߣұ
çмµĶٴμӿ졣
˭֪ʱٴҷŹն
֣ͨçӰɲǣɿ˹ϵļͨ
ͬʱļƣҲżͨ
˺ѳյļͨçڣ·ܶһС
ֶΣԹ֮çΪԼȡʱ
ڳ֮ˣ۹ǿߣ͸ֶΡ
򵥡
絭һЦ
ͷΪȻ
ڳ֮ܿçȻҲܷӦû뵽ռԼΪͻУһʱתΪ˱
˲䣬Ĵͨӷ̨֮
çһɫֳ֣棬һ֣ԽԽۣޱȡ
ȻçҪԴ˷ļͨ
ͨʹ֮ƣҲǼΪǿķֶΡ
ֻǣܷס
ݣ
ļͨƿն۵һ貵⣬çɫϡ
꣡
һɫϣɢ
һ̣ʲôɫ֣Ǳ·ܶļͨ
˶ΪçҪͨ͸ɱʱӦˣ׾پͻ˼ͨһսʤçսʧܡ
лˡ
çųһ亹ղţļͨߣԸоٽ
һɲǣ·ҪϢˡ
īʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵڶˣ鴫ķڷ
лӦçؿһۡ
˵ͷȴû뿪̨Ϊçսһָպֵս
çǸɴࡣ
Ц
ͷΪȻçõ𣬷ŵ£Ժĳɾͣ͡
磬ս㡣
﷢֡ĿϡЦ
ʵãҲʶʶͨ
˿⣬ս⡣¶ȡ·ڴһս
ҪϢ
Ӧʡ
ҡͷá
ѡְɡ
Ӧ˵
ѡĺӵߣ磡
䡣ն𣬵˷̨ϣš
治Ϣ
翴ʣԸռˡ
ģҸղûʲôġֱԵ
ͷٶ˵֣绯һ
磬һУǿĽޡ
Գ磬˿ĶԳֵ͡
ҲǿͨĶ֮ʯ쾪ͷȶˣ·һֱ
̤ն𣬷֣֮ͳľ롣
֣ͨһ⣬ֱ硣
һ˿壬ļ֣ͨһ쵽µһ̺زĽƣӭļͨ
䣡
һը죬𶯣Ǳغ˼¶־ȣͨȻǿ󡣡
ӲӲ·硣
磬ǿڣҲˡ
ڣȻղŵһûжóȫ
ûˡ
絭һЦ̺żţϷҲýˡ
Ϸ
̨Χĸ֮ˣĻ׷һ
磬˲ɣ
һսϷ
磬Բѣ
ɫһٴ̤ն
Ȼһɲǣ֣
Ŀ֮£ͷ֮ϣӴӰ֣Ѷ䣬צӣء
ͨ
ͨ
찡ɹĵѡΣλͨӵߡ

̨Χĸ֮ˣ׷Ŀɿڴ
ͨӵߣǼΪϡĴڣÿһͨӵߣеţɳһǿߡ
Ǭ½еɡ
ͨӵߣѾǾȣǰֳһλͨӵߡ
ʲôʱͨӵôֵǮˣ
Ҫǣͨӵߣͨ˫ͨӵߡ
˫ͨӵߣ
ﾪȣļĸ磬ֻǼͨӵ߶ѣû뵽ͨ
ͨͨȫͬ
ͨͨɫƬͨͨɫƬһɫڡķ롣
ͨ
һɹĵѡΣӦԤϣԭһͨӵߣȡ
񣬵ڶͨӵߣͳǰ
磬ҳϣͨӵߣҾȣֻǣΪܵҵһ
ļͨϡ
ݣ
ҷţ


188 ŰĴ
ͨɫ趯ӴѶ䡣
Ŀ֮£ʧֻʣ±ɫӰʵ·
ͨɫƬյҫ£ԡ
ɫһ˫ӣ¶ʣ·ǻۡ
ǡͨΪһˣ
һĻóﲻɾȡ
֮ǰɽһսɽͽԼɽ֮ͨС
ĸ磬ҲԼͨУٿͨ
ȻҲͨӵߣȴʩչֶΣͨ˻ֱ˼
ݣ
ļͨʯ쾪ЯŶһ֮˳硣
ȻͨУͨ·ҲڣӰΡ
ɫӴһ鶯ޱȣ֮һּΪµٶȣ㿪ļͨ
˺һƣ
㿪ͨɲǣ̨Χϡ
ղţɫʩչķƣ̤˺һ֮ǳ˺һ֮ơ
Ҳ˵磬˺һĽƣǿֶΡ
ġơǿֶΣ˺һ֮Ժɡ˾Ĵһǿ߱⡣
˺һ֮ƣЩȡ

ɿЦҡͷķ̤˺һ֪֮
ǵãһͳдʱķƣṳ̂˺һ֮ͻƵġ
˺һƵĳ磬ɣҲ˵ʤԷ
磬ʵʵ
˺һ֮ķƣѡһǿĶ֡

߿֮ϣΪһͨӶļͨ
Ӵ壬·ЯŸݡ
Ѫſ
һ棬Ǵ³ЯɱĽƣ˺һ֮ƣХ
䣡
һ죬ִļͨȻѡ
ͨɵҲû֮ǰϢήң䡣
û뵽㻹ʵǿֶΣĽƣķơ
ǰͨЦ

ͨޣƽؿҶ÷ƣļƺǿϣһ죬̤˺һʱһս
һЦһģҪ̫á
˵꣬˷̨
Ȼһս䣬ȴһ˿
ڳ֮˶ףһսˣܱƳͨ˺һƣʵõ˵ͬ
磬һ㷢սҪϢ
Ӧ磬ʡ
áҡͷ
ܺãѡĶ֣ɡ˾Ĵѡĸ
Ӧʳ硣
̨Χ֮ˣĿҲڳϣЩڴ
չֳͨ˺һǰѡˣǻóԲ
ȴû˻ô롣
ʵõ˵ϿɣһλԺɡ˾Ĵǿߡ
ѡ񡭡
Ŀ⣬˾ĴϽ
ĴĴ
磬սĴ
Ĵ̱˾սΪӵߺٴαս
Ĵ̤ն𣬿ĿУżּɵ
ףʵ˾
磬ǿ
Ĵ̹Ȼ˵
䣬ֱ˵絭ڣŲһư
ĴҵϷĵãֱ
ս˾磬룬´λлᣬҲѡĴ
ߣͨӵߣĴξ壡
Ĵͺһˮ֣ͨȵ¶ȣ·ˮͨĳ֣˼֡
ͷ𶯣֣ͨΪһ壬ͨſѪڡ
֣һ۵ķУ³ֱĴ
С
Ĵ¶мһ̧֣ˮͨһ䣬ǰ۳һʵıϡ
һϣˮͨ۶ɣ̺һǿˮ֮
нɱֻһȦȦԴ͸
ЩֶΡ
ͨУͨӴһ𣬿֮䣬Ĵ
棬Ѫ³ֱ
Ϊɣ
ϤһĻĴΪм
𣿡ƽޱȡ
ڣĴоˣ磬ôţ
ʩչġˮ֮ϡˮͨǿֶΣͨķֶΣҲضãĳЩطǿ
Ͼˮ̺š˸աԡ
Ľֱˮ֮ϣ𣬾˶ΪĽײȥʱ
֮˸棬꼻һ֣
ƺͽƣ·໥ںһ޼䡣
ں֮ƣ
Ĵɫ䣬ˮ֮ϵ֧ţ̤ն
ʱĽݿཫĴˮ֮
Ĵˮͨɣˡ
֣ͨ׷Ĵβ˦ݺݵر˦Ĵϣ˳ȥ
ۣ
Ĵɳȥ˲䣬һѪ³
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ۿͨһδκĴ壬ڳ֮ˣֻоľ
𣬳羹Ĵ
Ĵ䡣
Ĵͷ֮ϣͨѩ׵İ׻Ӱճ֣ͱͨſѪڣԱŰ飡
ڶͨɣĴˣּ˼֡
硭
¶Цݣʱﻹڸ
ˣĴ䡣
īʯ۹ҵǿߣһ·Ĵɹ֮ˣڰͲסˡ
磬͹ˡ
ӦҲףȥºܶ˶˵
ǣˡ
ͨޣ̤ն䡣
ͬʱĴ壬Ȼ£һֿĺʣ֧Լ
īʯ۹ҵǿߣ̤ն𣬽Ĵסһ۳磺֮ˣ۹ҵľŻӣ磬Ϊ֮
ɨһۣв𣿡
ߣ
īʯ۹ǿߣӦĿ󣬲ٶ˵ͺһ˷̨һ࣬ȡ˵ҩĴ¡
Ƭ̣ЩҩЧĴڻָ˼֣޵ؿ磬ɳƵĮޱȣ磬֮裬Ĵʮ⣬۹һ㣬ҪΪɥ֮Ȯ
绹ûڣЦˣīʯ۹ҵľŻӣ磡
ĮɨĴһۣ磬ǵ۹ҵҲ
ɣ̫ӣڣɴҡ
仰ǺݺݴĴһ⡣
ɣңͳ磬֣֮
Ĵɣк˸
ǾҪ۹ңǷʵˡ
ЦˣЦſڳ֮˶һȻ
īʯ۹µĸѣʲôʱ֮ˣҲս۹ҵϣ


189 ս
ĴŰˣһϢ
ʼգɹʵӦûֹ˼
ڳ֮ˣʶĴ֮ǰΪλʵ
ȻӦû˸Ҷ˽
Ҳ˵ﱾɹĵ̣ƾӦʵڳĸһǿߣܵС
Ĵˣһս
ӦĿ⣬ڸǿɨ
ʮλԸǿߣɺĴûзս֮⣬˶սĴˣѡս֮ˣҲֻʣһˡ
û˵һɵĶԷοڡ
ǰɣһӵߣֻҪû˼սˡ
һս
ţǵڶֵսǴʮƿʼ
ֻǣһΣˣȨ
ʶǰ֮˵ʵ
ȨһɹĵѡεѡҲͳˣǰʮ֮ˡ
ֵڵʮĸսʱҲѡȨ
ǰľˣʵټϣʱȫȻû߸е
ţֵ˳
̤˷̨ȻûѡȨĿ⣬ڳɽçӹգѡç

̨ϣçͳţǰΪīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵˣС
񣬼ʶֶΣۿųʮ󿡽ܵ˸ܣ֪ļ򵥣ùȥʮ󿡽ܵȥжϡ
çʼʩµŴ֮ͨƺХ
ֻϧܵĳнɽ̶Ľ֮ըç
ݣ
еĽ˸գçĹ˿·硣
̨ϣçһսޱȣ
޴£Ľÿһζǡô޴ж£ڳ֮ˣһμʶ˳ֶΡ
ˡ
ڣҵ˻ᣬһָçʤ
һս˰ʱ޴ʹçúܣҲóҽܡ
ʤΪµİ˺ӵߡ
Ӧ
çΪźӵߡ
çյѡεĹأֵ㷢սѡ˭
ӦĻçĿ⣬ǰǿһһɨ
ǰǿУ˸ոսĳɽ֣βѡǣɡ˾ͳ磬ʲǶ֡
ĴȻˣȴҲܵС
ڣֻʣһѡӵߣ
ɽܻܣͨǿޱȣټ֮Ըҵ
ç˿ӦˣȨ
ȨʹçΪźӵߣսǰ֮ˡ
Ӧ˵ͷçȥīʯʥԺӪɽɽһ֣㷢ս
ˣҲȨ
ɽֱԵ
ǰˣ˶˺һ֮ƵǿߣڳǰͱܣҲ˵ѡΪ֣ٺͳһսҲûա
ϾĿǰΪֹ벻ͨΪܷڡ
һͬûա
ͬΪīʯʥԺǰˣһֱѹһͷʵ֪
Ķ֡
ǿֶΣԼɽͨУʩչֶΡ
ļͨڣȫǿֶΡ
ԣ֪УѡȨ
Ӧԣ˷Ѵʱ䡣
ңҲϣɹĵѡЩʱܴɹµƬУʵһ
š
ȻڳǿߣЩ⣬Ӧȴһ㶼⣬˵ͷ

ӦĿ⣬˳ϡ
ֵս֡
֪᲻Ȩ
ǰˣ˶˺һ֮ƵĴڣʵǿȴ޷ȡѡģֻһˣҲ֪ǷѡΪսĿꡣ
ʵǿͨԶһУѡҲ̫ʤ

˶ڲ²⣬ǷȨʱ
̤ն˷̨˵Ĳ²⡣
ΪǲȨ
ӦЦˣᣬ츳ȴˣһһǰ֮ģ֪ǰʵǿһη塣
ѡ˭ΪһսĶ֣
˳һۣӦʡ
ѡ񡭡
Ŀ⣬ǰ˵һһɨûӻڳ֮˶Щ͡
˶ΪѡΪ֣ҲôΪʱ򣬳Ŀ⣬һ˵ϣȻڣѡһӵߣɣ
ɣ
ɣȻֻڵڶѡʱ֣˶ףɵʵǿ
ɣ˺һ֮Ƶǿߣɹĵӵһѡʱһͨǿߡ
ҪǣɣҲڳǿУΨһһ̤侳صǿߣ
˾硢磬ĴȻ˺һ֮ƣǶֻ侳ߣһδͻƵ侳أǵɶԣһΡ
⣬Ҳ˾ûѡΪֵԭûա
ͬΪ˺һ֮ƵǿߣϵĲֲ࣬
С
ҲЩ£ȣ֪սɡ
ɣ̫ӣҲֵܶ˵ı磬츳ȺУǹϵһһˡ
ɣҲûκΰա
Ȼķƣǰʱ̤˺һ֮ԵģһΪҲ̤侳أɱԶ֮ǰܱȡ
ǿɣĵܵܳھҪս
ܣǶСܡ
ɹһЦ̤ն𣬵˷̨Զվ
ţڳ֮ˣһĿɿڴ
Ҫսɡ
ôţ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ӪѪϣ·ҪѪϿʲô
Ͼ֮ˡ
ֻǣעҪʧˡ
Ѫɫƽ棬˫͸¶־ȡ
￪ھսɣϡ

һųԸϳǿʱĿУ˼־⡣
룬Ҳûȥսɣһλ侳ǿߡ
ܣû´ӦΪ
ɵϣʼգЦ⣬ųĿ·ܴ͸ġ
̫ӵ£㡭ܿ
ƽݣ΢΢ݣû뵽ܿ͸ĵϸ
ҡͷҿֻǣҴпšôֻһܣԼΪ
̨ϣɺͳĶԻڳ֮ˣӦڣһ
Ϊ
ʮͷһΪ侳أ𾪡
ڣ׿ڳϣΪ
ʵΪطǬ½ҲûУǻ֮УҲط˵
ɹ⹬ϣͳֹط


190 ͨ
ԭˡ
ɵĻóȻ
ղŻ֣ʯطѵƭ˵ģ
ڲ쿴ʯĶʱͷطΪطǵ侳ǿߣ޷ơ
һطһҪΨ侳ϵߣʩչһʵΪ
ȥֻ侳ߣҲͽطԺ
ֱڼԪ̨ٴ뵽һطԼڼԪ̨ϵ
УڼԪ̨ϣֻ侳ͻƵ侳ء
ʵȴˡ
ڼԪ̨ȥҲʱո̤侳صĳº󣬳ɹͻƵ侳أҳ׹侳Ϊ
Ϊһһˣ츳ǿɡ
Ȼ츳ͲڳҪǣڼԪ̨оͨ
ͨԼԪգھͨİ£ֻռԪ̨̲صԪԪ̨ŨԪڣиǿȵ
һˣܳ˸ǿȵŨԪܽһߵű
ȻԶ侳۷壬ͻƵ侳ĳͻƵڶμޣƶԶһߣҲǿָܳǿȵ
Ԫ̨ºΪ˲𲻱Ҫľ뵽ʯڵطʵΪ
һΪ侳ء
ʵ֤ɻأƭڵǿߡ
ΪʵΪѵ侳أ
侳أҲ̫˰ɣ

̨Χ˷ǸһǿߣЩʧ̬
Ŀ֮£߿֮ϵĳһʵʼ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ڳϣһɨ˹ȥ
侳أ
һʱʱ˾
ԣ
˺Ȼڣ侳أҲ侳ߡ
ʵȷʵ侳ء
ڼԪ̨£˵ǳеת۵㣬ԪʯޱԪ
ҪǣľֱͨѪ˴ԪʯԪԪ̨Χ˶Ԫս߲ʹڣڣ
侳أ
Ȼ²ΪȴҲû뵽λܵΪ侳ء
ѹһսƾ衰צ֮ƣ˲ӣ֮ƽǳ˺һ֮Ҳļɵ
С
粻˼ؿųоԼǳ׿͸ܵˡ
ɶеĿ⣬ƽų˿ΪչֵΪеȣںΪΣںģǳˡ
һУһػڳߡ

ͫһ԰׵ɫһƬȻ
û뵽û뵽
īʯʥԺԺĻ̾һ
ɽ˳һۣû뵽һսô࣬ʵ
ˡ
У֣Ű֮
ƥĵƣ
ɫأϳһͷ֮ϣӰ۳Σɵ츳ͨ
ԳһʼͻԼ츳ͨԿһսӡ
ɵ츳ͨͨķ룬һ˫ɫģ䵶ͨһ֣ı
ɫɵ츳ͨͨ
ܣСˣҵͨ޼᲻ݣޱȣ
һЦ̤ն˲䣬ɱһʧԭء
Ȼʧֻٶȿ쵽˼£Բ׽
αس죬Ϊٶȿ죬Ϊǿ֮ˣԿ͸ѸƶӰ

ߴķХóɫ䣬αس֣һʮףӵԶ
ڳղվλãɫӹ޼᲻ݵĵ⣬·ܽ˺ѡ
⸡ֵɲǣܴݻһеǿƣ͵رǣЯ˺֮
˺һƣ
ڳĸǿߣ̲ס
ɣֻ˺һƣƣҲ̤˺һ֮
ҵ̫ӣ츳𾪡
Ҳ𾪣Ҳû뵽ɾ˵ƣ磬ĵƻߡ

ûκγɣ﻽ԼѪͨ
ѪͨѪ⣬ڣ˰֮塣
צ֮ϣ֣ﾡ׽ɵӰоͷķХûκγɣ̤ն
ݣ
ϣ֮ƣ˲ӵ˰˲㡣
µϵƣӭȥ
ϡ
ײޱȣһӭɻӳ˿·硣
һĻڳ֮һ
ֶΣЩر𡣡
һЩһǿߣʲô
ǿƶԺת˲ַֿ֮ϣ໥š
𺳣ڣЩ⣬Ϊοϻ˵׵ؼͽ似צȷѪ꣬Ҷǣ˽ȥ
ֶܵΣ죡
˲һȫ侳صܺ侳صˡ
ףղŵĶԺ䣬ܺܲ£Ϊܵĵ
ܵĵֻǳ˺һ֮ȴЩرҵĵƣ˺
ɵĵƣ̤˺һ֮ǿĵƣ潻ʱǱĵ׾˺
Һãĵƣࡣ
ܵĵ̤˺һ֮ҾĶ֡
һ̾
СõСӣǸ̫ľȡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

һ˫޼᲻ݣ֮ϣ˺֮˷
ݣݣݣݣݣ

еǣɵƻ˿ɵÿһӶ·ܽն
һʱ䣬ɺͳӰϽ¡
䡪
ɫӹͳһ˲䣬䣬һεӡų¡
Ҫó鲻֣ﴴˡ

һֻ֣Ƶ֣ǣﲻƵķƣӭӡնء
ƾУ
ܣû뵽ܽұƵز
һηֿ˳һۣʵʶȥֻƽճ
ţ
һɵΧ𽥸ֵĳɫʱȻ
ɣ˫ͨӵߣ
Ȼ˫ͨӵߣ츳֮
ĸ磬īʯ۹ŻĴǰ̫ɣ˫ͨӵߡ
ͨ
Ҳ˫ͨӵߡ

̨Χĸ֮ˣۿɻԼĵڶͨͫ׶̲סһ
ɵͨ޼᲻ݣѾڳ֮˸еȣ񣬵ڶͨĳ֣˶ʼɵʵ


191 ɵʧ̬
ңҲܳ
ɹʵӦͨɣ˸
ɵͨһ߿ûʲôرҲٶȿЩ
Ӧ򿴵øԶ
ߵ츳ͨʵɱ䡣
ɵͨ񿰱
Ժأ
̤侳ʱͨٴηɱ䣬Զʤ
ʱ֮ͨ£ľһ㣬׾پͻᱻͨ˺ѡ
ǸʱκɵǰЦ
侳ߣûƾ裬ʵҲۿۡ
ӦɵͨһǱͨպɳδؾͲܺͨһĶͨ档
Ҫǣɻ˫ͨӵߡ
ͨȻͨУǿļ֮ͨһ
Ǵͨˮͨ۹ͨԣв硣
棬ܺͻͨȻͨҲֻбͨͨͨȻͨ
̨Ͽգۿɻڶͨͨɫ

ʱ𾪵һĻˡ
ɵĻͨ͵һգۣͨ󣬸ͨı档
һ˫ͨͻͨһķʽںһ
Ȥ
һĻӦ¶Цݡ
˫ͨӵߣ٣ֻǣܽͨõ˳뻯˫ͨӵߣǵһμ
ɣһθ˾ȡ
磬ɡ֮ˣ򵥡
ǳ磬ɣӦ̫ľȡ
磬Ĵʱ͸ˮ֮ϵһƾԼֶΣƺͽʱںһʩչں֮ƵĹ˷˼
Ȼں֮ƣȴҲȵķơǿϲ١
磬ʵš
͡
ȼŻͨͨɵĶƿնһ㡣
һŭһԭ
֮߿գȼն
ʱʱ֮ǰһ㣬ӷâ̺֮ͨͨǰͨ


αس죬һδ̤ɵٶȣۿҪ׷ϡ
˺ѳգϢͨҧ֮ƣ˫֮С
֮һʮף
ÿ죡
찡侳ߣٶô죿һ侳ߣôµٶȡ

ڳĸǿߣĶŵˡ
ڵαس죬ܺ켶似س족ˡ
ص似
ӦȣĶڼȥᱻϿ塭ϾҪɻˡ
һ㣬Ӧǵһֵġ
ǿߣӶҲ⣬ΪŲ˶á
ޡ
ܺս˾أ𺳡
һʮͷˣսǿ˹պɳĴ
ڻ֮ϡ
ܣɡ
ңңųŲ˶á
Ҳ˳ļġ
Цˣ̫ӵ£Сˡ
յĴɶʱ
һ̣ͷ֣֮ϣһССӰ۳ͣʲôһͨ
Ҳ˫ͨӵߣ
ͷһͿ˲̧𣬷ƥĵƣһâ֮ϣת۾͵ǰ
Ӧ˲䣬â˳ĺӹ
ϴ⣬ʶˡ
ÿ죡
ȥ׽һӶĴâȴ֣âӹĺ󣬾֮С
ʼգûʲô
ղʲô
ʲôֶΣֻһӶɺһѪɸûӦ
̫ˣ

ڳĸǿߣ侳صĴڣһԭأǣҲ͸ʲô
ÿ죡ǳĵڶͨ
ӦĿ⣬ڸ߿֮ϵĳϣ¶˼顣
ǿֻ׽һŵĴâֺһƴâһͨʲôͨȫ
ֻǣͨɷӦǰ͸ɵĺ֤Ĳ
˫ͨӵߡ
ӦоЩľһԸǿߣӵ˫֮ͨˣһһһһ졣
̲סпԼˡ
ԺЩ˵ˡ
ڳĸǿߣɴʲôûֻ̧˲䣬ʲôͬһʱ䣬ɵĺϾͿʼѪ
ܣ
ɴЩʧ̬мżֲͼղҵģһ츳ͨ츳ͨС״óٶȣһְͨ
󾪣ղ֮ƣ˲㣬ɵͨƥĵơŽɵͨ
ɵͨâٶȣ˵侳ǿߣԲ׽ۼŶԡ
λ磬ôģ
̫ӵ£㡭ܿҵͨ
ﴫصмżֲ˼顣
ȥ˵
ɵޱȣȫ·ȷһЩ¡
šͷ
ˣ
ɿӦ˵ղţǳ飬һսҰˡ
Ӧͷ˵ʵ
ղţʩչֶΣͻأޱȣû׼һʱûܷӦ
˭뵽·ĳͻȻʩչôµֶΡ
ҺãɹϵɱɣȻɹһνʧһλǿߡ
һսĻ
ʤ
ΪһӵߣɣΪ˶ӵߡ
ڳ֮ˣоЩľ
Ǵð
ڳ֮ˣرǶԳеģֻо󷢺쬵ġ

Ĵųȫǲ˼飬֮ǰûˣʵ˿¡
ΪԼ￹⡣
ʩչֶΣ̫ˣߵĻǿߣ侳һصĴڣû׼Կ͸
һ̤ն䣬ص˿ݹǡɶߡ
˵Ŀ⣬ڳϣˣǴ̫𺳡
ѡ֡
Ӧ˿ѹе𾪣
ˣȨ
ڣʲôЦǰ֮ˣ˺һ֮ƵǿߣǶ֡
Ȼһ⣬
ֻǣɶܻܣĸȥս
ûɺ쭳һѪɹӦûܼʱֹ
Щ飬飬ûʲô飬Ҫǳһʹ죬Ҫ
Ĵƿɺˣ
ӦĴʡ
ˣȨ
Ĵҧƣ˵ҩɵ̫أڻûȫָɵĶ֡
ңҲûˣҲδɵĶ֡
Ӧ˵ͷĿڳϡ
绹ûüɺͳ˵̨̤˾磺˾磡


192 
̨ϣ˾̤նԶվ
ܣĵڶͨݵǰ㣬һС̬İͨ
·̨Ȳʳмżּ
ڣＸȷϣɲûпԼķɵͨ棬Ϊݳɵͨӡ
ѵڱĵطɵͨ
̫ӵ£ǰͨ
ﴫʡ
񣬷̨ϣĸ˾չ˼սһ˫ͨٴͨΪһ塣
˾磬һأŪݵĶѸޱȡ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һң˹ݵն𣬼ɱ֮⣬ֱӳ硣
ͨѪſ

˾ͷ֮ϣħͨ֡
ħͨѸݣһӵ硣
ңԹһ˵˵Уҵһλž޵ǿߣԶһû֮ǰλڣǴ˵еˡ
ɵĴڳĶߴҲǻȱλ֮ϣһƾõĹŻŻʷ׷ݵ֮ǰһŻͻҴ˵еλ棬ͨһС̬ͨǬ½Ϊİͨ
ְͨͨһɣ̳СõǲѪУõ츳ͨĴС
ò˵ɵĴóעҲ޷ڷ̨ϡ
ɫܴͨУ
Ȼ
ɵͷǿֻͨҪѪкܴļʴ磬øͨͨܵͨͨͨҲͨ
׵ͨͨ
һ
֮УҲ˴ڵͨ
ʡ
ûСҡͷһȻǼ̳ڵѪȻ괫ͼΪǵĺ󼸴棬ȻҪڵͨѡ
˵ͷɵĻҲˡ
ֻǣҪȷϣԼķɵͨǷҵѪ
үɷ࿴ͨ
ʱݹǵ˳ĶУûпɶɶ
ǿϸң˵ͨЩڵͨ
˵⿪˳е
ղţ֣ɲ̫ܿ͸ɵͨĹ켣˵ǿɵͨģ
ȴλǿˣ˶ߡ
侳ǿߣעУѲ׽ķɵͨ
󣬷һץʵӰ˸˷ɵͨɵֻͨƬ̣ڳɢ
һģһ
ͫһ׿϶Լжϡ
ȻݹǿĿУ˼𾴣𾴣Դ𾴡
һģһ
ʶɵĲ²⣬˾Ųʮˡ
ɵͨȻҵڡ
ңա
һЩ£аɺ𣿡
ʱ̨ϣҲֳʤ
䣡
˾ϵңʮԲ԰׵ɫ͸¶ƣȫȻû˹ȥķ档
۳磬ҲΪǱʤ
˾磬ʤ㣬ΪеڶͨҲ˫ͨӵߣһսδʤ㡣
翴˾磬¿ҵħͨȷʵǿ
ڳУ˾һֵ𾴵Ķ֡
磬ذοңͨʵһ֣˫ͨӵߣľˣʤңûκνҡ
˾ҲˣһЦص
ѡνǺһ
翪
һ
˾ͷ˷̨ӦˣȨ
ųսʤɣ˾ͽΪӵߡ
ܣ˾罵ΪĺӵߣȨ
ս󣬾ֵ˾ս˾ѡĶֻ֣ɺͳɣûаա
Գûаա
Ӧͷͬʱһս
ԭ˾棬ӦֵڵĶӵɷս
ֻǣǰͰܸڵһӵ߳ս塣
ѡΣʱҲβ
Ȩ֮ˣȨٷսһսʱûȨսʤçΪ˺ӵߡ
ˣȨ
ȻһսֵʱֱȨ
ǰ֮ˣĴɽ⣬ԣƥеĴڡ
ĴɽˣףڵԼ޷սʤǣٹ꣬սʤ˵ʵ

Ȩ֮󣬳Ŀ⣬Զĳϣޱȡ
˵֮ǰսţۿɵһսףԶ
һһ˵ͷΣһһǿߵͷΣ
ʵ
ʣµĲȨ֮ˣҲֻʣӵߡ硱ӵߡɡһӵߡ
һֵս跢սûսȨֻʣ³硣
磡
һʱڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
ȨҲʹһɹĺĵѡΣ˽
Ȩһ
ս
̤˷̨Ǹˣ磬Ȩ
ڳ֮ˣ棬Ҫսɻǳ
ɣͬ顣
ϵԲǳ
˶ճǲǴͬһɹĵѡΣǻΪһ˫ֵܡ
ȻҲһЩˣֳͳü䣬żơ
ֻǣûǱȥ롣
ڣ翪ˡ
Ҫս
һʱ䣬ڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬ֶڳϡ
ͳһս֮ͨĶԾ
ֻǣɵֶΣ֮
ڳ֮ˣ̲סɡ
ˣڴｫͳ缤սһʱ򣬳ṳ̂Ϸ̨Ϳˣ䡣
䣡
˶ˣ䣿
ȷҪ䣿
ӦЩ˼飬ʵڳ֮£ΪҪ䣿
ǣˡ
϶˵
ѪϣʲôüͷߵѪϡ
ĸ硣Ѫ˳ĶС
ǳĸ磿
סˣŷ֣֮ȷʵк֮ܶ
Ѫ˳һۣû뵽ܴôľϲȻｫһøĸ磬ôҲǵڶ
֮ǰ붼롣
ɹĵѡεڶľټĽ㲻һҲ̫ࡣ
ԣڳ˵ԭسѡ
ûг˵һĽڶĽҲѵõ
˵ڵĴ󹦳
ȻˣҲѡ񡣡
̨ϣӦ˵ͷĿ⣬ɵϣɣΪӵߣһսһӵ߳ĻᣬҪս


193 
˲ɣ
ۿ˸ɴ䣬ڳ֮ˣе˼顣
ﾹһˣţ⣬óˡ
ֻǣӦڣѯǷҪս磬ڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬һʱתƵɵϡ
ɺͳ綼ǴҶս
ˣȨ
ɵĻش𣬺ֱӣȴû˶˵ʲôϾͳһġ
õɵĴ𸴣Ӧ˵ͷĿһɨΧһΣɹкĵѡΣҪ۵۹ܱǿߣû뵽ǣһεĺѡΣô֮ţ󣬻£ǵġ
Ӧ䣬߶ڳǿ͡
һθǿߵĳɫԤϡ
ɹĵѡεĽҲˣѡεʮУ̭ǰʮˣΪɹĵӡ
ӦһɹĵѡΣʮλĵӡ
ҡ硯λеһ
īʯ۹ڡλеڶ
ҡɡλе

̤ҡçλеھţ
īʯʥԺλеʮ
Ӧϸһ顣
壡
īʯ۹ŻĴɫ
īʯ۹ʮ󿡽֮ףīʯ۹ϵһһˣһΣɹ֮ǰǳŵһ
˭֪ɹһѡΣô
ҵɺͳ硣
ڵĳ
ҹšš˾硣
ֻʣ±
īʯ۹ڵīʯʥԺɽֱλеߡ
īʯʥԺԺĴ˿һΣҲջˣīʯʥԺ˳ΪɹĺĵӣɹµĽӦò١
뵽ƬĴЩ
һΣҲлƾƬ̤侳
ȻǰɹµƬУʺġ
ɹĵѡΣʹ˽ټ֮ˣѡĵӵڣɹһݺ뿪යɱۣ
ӦڣȻУɱ֮⣬ëȻ˿һӦ仰ʵԡ
ټ֮ˣѡĵӵȥϢʮա
Ӧ˵ʮպʮλĵԼͷ֮ˣɹȥǣǰ᪹ʱ˻ԴƬ
ӦĻڳ֮˵ĺ̲ס
Ƭ
һɹĵѡΣѾ˼Ϊ
ңɹĹԴǣ
ɹļλأһξ˶еȡ
ڳ֮ˣǿ߲ΪĵӵģһĽؿˡ
ǣעƬԵ
̨ϣ֮ˣɢȥ
ѪųҲһһ̤ն䡣
ϣ̫ӵ£磬ҵʦѪϡ
Ѫʶ
ѪϡɣѪһЦ΢΢
šѪ˵ͷһ˿ȿ޻ѿЦݡ
ѪڵĽգʲôˣ
ݹǿѪʡ
ʶʦ𣿡ѪЩȡ
ţȹξƣе㽻顣ݹǵ˵ͷƺЩ廳
ǰѪݹǣҵ
ѪΪ飬ˣ֪ȣʦصڶʦޱȡ
˵ǰˣͶʦн飬æ
뿪ʮ꣬лݹʡ
ûСѪͷ
磬ϲ⣬ʵǿ֮ˣ߳
һȥδؾܻص
еǿߣ߳˻򣬻ʲôˡ
յȴСݹһ̾
ϣγԣΪػң뿪ˡæ
û뿪ػҵְֻһڻδ֪磬Ҳһ
ݹֱԵһ㶼Ļᶪ
ݹǻһ䣬ձЩأ磬Ƕԣδ֪ģδ֪ģҲµġ
صɹĿͷۡŷֿ
ǣɶ֣˸ۡУɶ⼸ձչصĽչܺ棺ɶҿڵķƣ֮ǰǿ࣬嵽ʲô磿
ڷ̨ʱۿɶֶΣڵɶ·ܻɷ硣
־磬һȫµľ硣
˺һԲǿ侳ءɶӣ
ԭΪԪ̨׷㣬ڿҾԶˡҡͷһЦ̾Ȼ
粻ϲ𣿡
Ļɶü
ȻǣɶǿҲΪˡ
ɶĳæ˵ֻ˵ҪŬһ뱣ɶء
硭
ɶһһ˫Уˮ
պ󣬳Ӹۡ
ˣݹǶԾסһۡǺͳסͬһۡ
ʱӸۡǰԺĸΧʯ
ʯϣƼȣӦоС
Ҿһ
˾翴ҲڣƱ;˳һ
˾磬˼ڷ̨ϵ£˼ֺˬ
һЦؾһ˾̨ϣħֶͨΣҴ۽磬Ҳһ
һ¶ǣ˾ҡͷһЦͳͨҴ۽磬һ˵ٹͨĴţȴһֱδüһɹֻͨһͨ
޺
˾糤̾һ
Ѫж¶ǣҲϤ
ΪβһսҿʵӦòڳɣ
˾ʡ
ҡͷһЦսңҿɲӦս
ţ˾Ӻˡ
ˣС˾ˡ˾ٸһΣҵĵܵܣ
Ц
ֵܣ
˾һѹڷ̨ʱҾ;üмƣֻǣǸԴһҵҲûǱ롣ںǣʲôĸĸС
Сƺֵܶ˵ҲС
ҲЦ
ڳУȻ˾磬ȳ곤һ꣬ͳС
˾˴˹ʶһ飬֪ûȤ
翴˾磬ʡ
Ըꡣ˾һЦ
ʮպ󣬳ڵõƬǣҲõƬˣɹǵƬûа֮ƴ裬ʱǻὫƬһ𣬸ѡʵġ
˵
˾ĿһĵģҲĵģ鵹ǲܺһ𣿡
ȻڿǵѡЦ
ѣˣ
˾ƱЩ
ѣȥ˾磬ûһѡ
ʱߵˣҪΪѣҪٻ
أҲϰһˡ
գ˾磬λѣ츳ͼıѡ


194 ƿ
ҹȵøˣȫûˮˣ˼⡣
ˣ˾ˣˡ
һ˾׼ȥõľƺü
ûûȡ졭Ҹˣ˾Ҳˡѡѡ
˾ҡ壬Ҫȥľƺ˸գˤʯϣֱӾ˯˹ȥ
ѵǰûһѣ
ϣʧ̬˾磬˰ϾƷ裬ó˶ЩȻԽڵ˾磬ͷ̨Ϸ桢߳Ƶ˾ϵһ
ȻҲף˾硣
ȥ˾磬Լȫϣ׷й˳ѵǰ
еˣ㳯ϦദʮҲδܳΪѡ
еˣ¶ǣԳΪѡ
˸֮ദϵô˾ˣԾںһ֡
Ұͻȥͺȵɡ
ɴһк˾󣬾߳˸ۡ
ճſڣǸӦʲôɫһ䡣
鷳ˡ
һϮɫۣ·ҹɫˣһ˫ҹ˸žӣųԳһЦ
ǰϳˣæ
λˣǺ˾һǰ
ˣܲܽѣĸ
˵ĻЩ
λˣǶһԣǺһϾưɣ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ڣֻһĶţܳ˾һӣҲڵ컯ڶԣ˾ҪԣԶ
ˣҲǵ˾İΣѡ
˶ԳƵҰɣ⺢ӣǰҲͺȺƾƣٺôģ⣬ĸˡ
ͷ˾罻ˣǾ鷳ǰˡ
󣬳Ҳȥˡ
صԼӵĸۡ﷢֣ɶķƻ
սţǰԺһӰг硣
Ļ֪ɶ϶һϣɿЦɵѾͷҲ˵Ȼȥ˯𣿡
ɶ΢ЦҪһûͨҲϰߡ
ҡͷһЦȻ֪ɶ˵ֻǽڣѾͷԽԽԼˡ
ǣɶ֣ｫԼķ䣬Ϸţ˴
йŮͬһŴϣԶ
ͷ֮ϣֶ֣߲ͨ£ԴԴϵŨԪɶڡ
侳صأһڵĵƣڼԪ̨ʱ򣬴΢ԲͻƵ˺һ֮Ҫȫ˺һƣ»һ·Ҫߡ
ûȫͶĳһԪڵһԼһʵ
ڼԪ̨£оͨһΪ̤侳ء
ƥĵƣҲͻƣ˺һ
ͻƣоͨİò˶೤ʱ䣬Ҫãܴﵽ侳صı͵㡣
ף֮ԼҪģƣõʽ̤˺һ֮
ֻ˳ͻƵ侳ء
侳֮£Ҳκˡɵͨܳ䲻⣬ǿ侳ߡߣҲǲɱ
Լڵʵ
Ȼڵʵǿɹĵѡεĸǿߣû
׼ȷ˵ûԼȥЩǿ߱ȡ
֮Уǿˣ̫ˡ
˵ģһɹĵѡΣͷ֮ˣһˣǶ֡
Щϼһʵǿģǵ侳ǿߣһЩģҲ侳һǿߣĪ⣬ֻ̤˵侳
Ƿɵ֣ͨܳ䲻⣬Ҫɱѡ
ɶ
䣬ɶѾȫĳУ˿Ԫ
ƾճһľ
ɵ֣ͨ￪ʼһľΪ棬һľһ龫µĵľ
ǳƵķʽ
Ԫ̨ϣµʱ䣬ھͨİ£ͻƵ侳ء
ʣµʱ䣬ڵľڵͻơ
ȻһΪͻƵ侳أƾ΢ԲƣҲɱʮĵǰ塣
ݣݣݣݣ

һ£ľܿһһɶ
ǣº͵Цݡ
ɶʹԼһȥչɶǻɶ
ֱһգɶҪˡ
һ̣ƺˡС
ô£
飬ûά̫ãպ󣬳﷢֣ľڵĵƶԣ·Ҳûκΰ
գһչûС
ȥûֹʱܸоƵĽ
Ȼڣ˿о
ѵ߽ͬ
üͷ𣬸оԼһƿ
ƿһղƣһ̤侳ء
ɹ᪹
᪹ռؼΪһȺ϶ɡ
ڱ᪹һҸûʵĸۡǰԺһλ˺һӣ塣
һͷѩ׵ĳɢ˫磬ǵӣżƾ⡣
ˡ
˷ӣЦ
վտӦ硣һ̾ӡ
ÿһʼƽ˾ԽԽǱ鲼ɱֻԼӣᵽеУǸʱȻͲͬˡ
ѭѭա
Ӧ̡ܽ
ӣɹʵӦ
ڷ̨ϣһӦλǰȴһԸ̡ܽ
˵һͨѡεĺĵӣмܲ
һ֣̺ӣʵ
ȷʵͨӵߣ˺һ֮Ƶߣһˣ̤侳ء
Ӧͷ
˵侳֮ˣǸʮͷСһˣʡ
ǡ
㶼ûʲôֶΣ
ԭΪᱻɻܣҲû⣬ִټ䣬ϡһͨӦĵڶͨ
Сһ򵥡
˻ǵĿУ˸
˵١ڲ߻θѡγʮĵһʮĵӣɶǼ򵥵ҵⲻ˻ֳһЩ¡
Ӧ˵ԼĹ˼ɡ
ɹҲƽ̫ˣȺȥɡָ췭ظźá
˺һ㶼⣬ʼռ΢Ц
Ӧһ
ףζţһʱ䣬ɹ֮УһȷѪꡣ
ţȥɣȥǸСһĵףһӣɱñ˸ȵˡ
Ӧ뿪ͬʱ˲ԸӦ
ǣ
Ӧվ˳ȥ
ﾪȡ
ǶԳȤ
ûգӦףеСһǳ


195 ⾳
ɹ̨ĵӵѡνʮʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
һͷۡӰն
·֮ˣɹӣ֮ˣѪɶͳˡ
û뵽ﾹȻλɹһյʮĵӵڶ
һڵӣӰԶȥ̲ס̾Ϣ
ڳϺڵӣΪȻ
˭뵽ʮͷˣȻΪӮҫ
һΣɹĵѡΣīʯ۹¸ǿߣЩǿӱλеڶ
ʵ֪
Ҫǣڲʮͷٸʱ䣬˵īʯ۹һǻһҲδܺȡ
ܴŵħˣâʵ
ڣû˻ỳɣŵħâǼˡ
ʵ
ŲգɶУɹɹռΪһ¥֮УԵˡ
᪹ѵһ
ǰһɹıߣһݻĹ
ʵ֤¶ˡ
һɹĴ£᪹ǰʱ򣬳ͷ֣֮ˣ׷׵
īʯ۹ҡ
īʯʥԺ
ڡ

˾ˡ
￴˾˸һɹ̤ն΢Цк
õ硣
˾Ц
ǲãö𣿡
һЦӺ洫ó˾¶Цݣعͷȥ
ɺͳҲˣݹƽظӰΡ
ղţǳ˵
ܿ죬߸˶ˡ
ʱߴ߸ɹӣһӰٶ£һˡ󣬷׷ɢȥ
ˣ
Ӹ߿֮ϣ֮ˣɹʵӦ
ҲǺĵѡεĲþߡ
λ
Ӧͷ̤˱᪹
᪹ռعӦһˣ᪹ߵһۡǰ
ʮλɹĵӣȺ򡣡
Ӧڳ֮һۣ˵
ɶȥȥͻɶĲᣬ΢ЦȰ
ɶɵ˵ͷ
ӦŰڵʮǿߣ£䵽ǰһۡĴ֮ǰ
ˡ
غڸۡɹӣӦ
᪹ۡݻģѵɹסĵط
ǰȺݻۡﰵԲ²⡣
ֻǳľˣҲ롣
߽ۡӳһǰԺǰԺһʯ·ͨԶһ
֣΢紵ϡԿ
һɣӣڵ£ԲϣڴĽϣƿһЩϵֺͼ
Щϵ֣ʵеһ졣
룬￴͸
˴ˡ
Ӧųһˣվڴ֮⣬
Ȼ
֪ԼĲ²ǶԵģһۡȷʵɹסĵط
뵽ʮ֮ǰڷ̨ϣӦ˵ɹԴƬףԼϾҪõһЩƬˡ
Ҳ֪ɹµƬ᲻ʺҵƬ
һ̾
ĵƿ޻ڶʱͻơ
ȻʺƬĵҪͻƣ¡
ǰ֮һϵ㰲Űɡ
ǡ
Ӧͷľ⡣
óˣɾȣλӦʵǿĵ侳ǿߣڷ̨ϣֹͶ䣬ס˸һǿߡ
ǿĴڣɹʱ˹
ڳ֮ˣ̲סη
ӦĿ⣬ڳ˵ϣ˵ڣҵ㵽֮ˣԴ轱
Ӧһ䣬ڳ֮ˣԸǿߣ棬Ҳ̲סЩ
ϾɹµĽƬ
Ƭ˵ǣڼ塢ŵĳҲѾ˼Ҫõ
硣
Ӧ磬ʮǰ̨ϣĵѡεһˡ
ͷǰУ˴֮С
ʵĿ⣬ȥķ
ĵѡεһˣܵõĽҲõġ
ˣصȴ档
һӹȥ绹û
ʱȥﻹûж
ǴƬôȥôã
üͷЩɻ
ˡ
çУ̧ͷȥ磬Ӵǰ߳
磬Ƭõˣ
ﴫʡ
СǰĵǶġ˵ˣǰ֮ˣᰴ֮ƣʺǵƬҵһö֮⾳һصƬö˺һԲĽƬö˺һԲķƬ
ĶУóһ
ö˺һԲƬ
磬֮⾳һصƬѵǵ侳ǿ֮ƣ
ʡ

Ӧ侳ߣ֮һ㶼̤˺һԲҪͻƵ侳Σ⾳⾳ڡơ֮ϣȴƵķ롣
ﰵһ
⾳
侳ǿߵֶΡ
⻹ǳһ˵
ӦĿ⣬ڳϣ
ͷ粽ǰĴ
ղվ֮زԶɾΪΧƵóʼղһȫò߽һ۾Ϳ˴ȫò
һûʣһϵʯƿŸӵͼ֡
ɣϢ
ż߽˴
ܼ࣬˼ڻ֮⣬տޱȡ

ܿ죬עǰıӰӰһλ˵ġ
λˣѩɫĳڼͷվȥԲ˵Ĵڡ
Ī⣡
ＸԿ϶ǰˣԼһ֮Уǿһλ
ڵλ侳ǿߣ
վ·ܸоѹֵ
һϮŽ۵ˣڳ󣬻תƽؿųǳ
ǡ
æͷǰˣĵһӡ󣬿һͷûʲôĿǣòͨ
Ȼף䲻ۣһΪȴɲ⡣
ʩչġơ
˿˵
˵ĻЩͻأȴ֡
ϾղĸͶ˵ˣλɹĹᰴ֮ƣʺǵƬ
˻䣬˶
ˡ
ָ£ֱƵ𣬷ƥĵƣƵ̶ķХ·˺ѿ
رĵơ
Ŀһʶ̲סΪʩչĵƶݡ
ĵƣһβ̵ľ룬ǿѾﵶƵĲ֮


196 öƬ
ꡫ
̧֣Ϣֳĵơ
Ȼƥĵƣ͵رǣ׾پͽϢ˺
ֻǣĵƣϢ̫Сˣ˺ϢɲǣĵҲϢ
ÿµĵƣ˺һ˺ҵ⾳֮
һ𣬻ǵĿУ˸
ˣǸ̫ľȡ
˵ĳ֣Ҳ⣬ףλɹĹ̽Լ
ʩչƺ󣬳Ƶķ֣ȴ̺ʵķƣ̤΢֮á
Ŀƽ⹥ƣƽ
ಣ
ʱ˫һ𣬷֮αس֡
αسķƣٶȣ΢Բһξ롣
س죡
˵ͺһЩȡ
ȻҲ˵س족һ似
ܿ죬ҡͷԣֲǴس졭ݴţ켶似س졯һƣں֮ƣʩչ似ƺֻзơ
ǵؼ߽似αس졣
˵
αس죿Ҳʵ似
˵ͷ
ʱֶƣҲֻ֣һֵƣַơ
֪ƣǿľǵơֻǣҪ׼ɹУû㵶Ƭ
˿˵
ԣʱһɲǼ䣬Щ䡣
˵Ƶ򣬻ֻܿԼ
ɹ֮УľûһöҵƬ
Щġ
ʺƵƬаڶʱڣ˺һ֮
Ǹʱ򣬳ţԼʵ̤һµ̨ס
ûС
ҡͷĵƣرһĵƺܶ࣬ĵƣһǵһμ
ﰵԿЦ
ĵƣԴڷɵͨԴһֵΡ
ڼʱҶ죬Ͷ˵ĵƺر𣬷ƥ
û뵽ԼƵرҲԼԵڵƵƬ
㲻١
˷·ܿ͸˼ĵƣҼĵУǱĵơպĵ̤˺һһ˺һԲ֮ƣδĵƿ⡣
Ϊɹļλ֮һ˼ʶ㡣
ò˵˵Ļóࡣ
ȻûʺĵƬȴʺķƬ
̧֣ö˸ɫľ壬
ö壬κһöֻβָС
öƬǷ֮⾳Ƭһö֮⾳Ƭһö֮⾳Ƭٶȡ
˻ּ䣬öƬƿնֱӳڳǰͣ£š
ö֮⾳Ƭ
Щ£֮⾳˺һԲ֮ϣǵ侳ǿߵֶΡ
磬Ҳֻõһö֮⾳Ƭ
ڣλɹĹö֮⾳Ƭ
ǲǸˡңֻǺĵѡεڶ
ЩΪǲʲô
֪ǳѡλеڶ˵ͷһ㶼ȣ֪ĵϸ
ɡ
ﻹ˵ʲô˴ϣӦ˵ֳ
ǡͷ
֪ʲôöƬһöںĵѡȡõĽһö˽
ֱԵԣ㲻Ҫи
˽
һպǵһμλɹĹ
ȥɡ
̧֣ޱȵϢ֣һΣֱƳ֮⡣
һöƬ뿪˴
ö֮⾳Ƭ
һöһöٶȡ
ûôʱȥ򹥻ƣֶΣҪרעơķ֮⾳Ƭɶɡ
߳ǰ˾
СջΣ
ô˶Ƭ
ճյ˸˾
ö֮⾳Ƭ
ö
һǰһ󣬳̻ظ˾硣
ö֮⾳Ƭ
ĻӦУż־λɹĹչ㡣
ֻö
˾ЩţôҲǺĵѡεڶˣɹֻöƬô࣬ǲǸˣ
ö֮⾳Ƭ
˾ĻﰵЦص
ʱ˾ˡ
ö⾳Ƭ
е棬һ⾳Ƭ֮͡
ʺǵ⾳ƬܰǴ˺һԲ֮Ƶɹ̤侳
ɣ
Ӧڣɽ˴
һʱ䣬ɳֵ˾硣
˾ʱüмżּһ۾Ϳĵϲã˾ջ񲻴
ţԡ
˾ѹеļӦ
һӦҲõʺ⾳Ƭ
￴˾һۣ
ڳʮĵӣ̵õ˹ƬӦһ£һ˳˱᪹
ʱӦ߸ͷˣˣڣҽȥȡľټ
ѪݹǵˣӦ˱᪹
᪹⣬ʮĵӣٶЩ
ԣÿһˣõƬ
ɶ
ﴫɶɹö֮⾳Ƭһö򡣡
ɶȻܾˣ磬ʵģɶҪ
ƬҪȥһ꣬ƬҲͳ׺Ϊһ壬޷ٸڶ˽и
Ҳ˵һöƬֻܸһ˸
ôˣپܾҪˡ
óɱﵡ
ȻɶʱӨ
ˣöʵķ֮⾳ƬûʲôôҲɳԸ򡣡ֲվǲġ
ģɶ·Ҫȷϡ
ʲôʱƭ㣿
˳ĻɶϸֳЦݣҸЦݡ
øպÿļˣЩʧ񣬵һµ˳æתͷȥ
ΨһˣɶĿ⣬·𿴳ˡ
Ĵ
üͷһ壬ϵ֣Ĵ
ҲͿһۣѵҶ֣
Ĵ˳һۣмһЦ
ɫһ׼֣ʱǰһĮɨĴһۣĴѵϴ˵ûߣǺ˰ۣ
磡
Ĵɫһ䣬Ըо˵仰˿Ŀ⣬ЩŹ֡
ʮǰ̨ϷһУĳ衣
﷢ģ˳𲻱ĲΪˣ
۹һ֮ˣҶ۹Żǰ㲻
ֻǣɹ΢Ҳֻҧҧ
ߣ
ɨĴһۣ˿ûԼ
ڼ̤Ĵϣ


197 ɹĿ
ߣ
˿εһͺߣڳ֮˿ĴĿ⣬øΪŹ֡
ĴôҲīʯ۹ҾŻӣλ
ҵġ硱Ͳ˼Ĵһݡ
ƾʲô
ڳ֮˶档
ֻǣʱ˿̡˸棬ĴǻԸǱͳɱ
磬뼤ŭңڣúóһ¿֮պ뿪ɹҪңž𣡡
Ĵͳޱȣż䡣
ţǾ͵ÿûǸˡ
һΣ绹ûӦɾЦˣЦô⡣
һĴٴ֪ɹֻܳưͿ֣㱻ɱˣɹҲﵽԷϡ
ֻѡͣɹԷҲһ֡
˽뱱᪹ʱ䣬Ȼߴͷֻȥ˰ʱͶˡ
ˣ棬ˣһƽ
ˣѪͿݹˣ˶ǲñˡ
ϲãҲ
λɹĵӣȨɹġĿߡ
Ӧˣ˵
Ŀߣˣʲôط
çʡ
ĿߣɹԪΪԣ֮أĿߣһߣĵһ㶼ᵽȥȻĿڵޣɹҲйأÿһĵӣÿֻھĿ¡
Ӧ˵ɼˣĿߵߣǹӦҲĵӵˣĿڣÿһ춼ɹĵ䡣
ˣĿߵԪԣʲô̶ȣ
ɽʡ
ڳ֮ˣӦ
Ӧ˫𣬻ڣĿڣһЩʯߵɱȵ۹ҵġ̳ڵġԪ̨ڵġǧˮ󡯡һЩʯߣʤط
Ӧ䣬ڳ֮ˣɫ
ط׹īʯ۹ʥء˵ĸ߲㣬ҪطȥѣҪһ
ɱȼԪ̨ʤԪ̨
Ȼﲻ֪̳ǧˮʲôطɼԪ̨ȴ֪
ڼԪ̨£Ԫ̨
ɹľĿߣеʯߣɱȼԪ̨ʤԪ̨
ȵͬʱЩ
ɹ֮һ洫еʥأɹÿĵӣÿһ꣬Խȥ£ֱݳޣ
ˣĿںδ
˫ΪڼԪ̨µŵӣȻôõ
ۿһĿ⣬ԼϣӦڵĿߣλɹ߼أɹĵӣƾĵƵǼǣĿߣÿһ꣬¡ǳ⵽ɹͷ
ʮĵӣһ򶫱ߣӦˮĿڣͬʱҲɹ׼ɱ¾֮أɹĵӣʱΪʯ߱ɱԣҪȥʯߣҪ׼
ȻӦĻڳ֮ˣԲô
Ĵīʯ۹ľŻӡ
Ĵ֣ǳǳ磬ЦЦ
·ڶ˵ֻҪҽĿߣͲ뿪һ㡣
Ĵš
硭
ĴĿɭȻ͸˳ˡ
λȻȥЩҪʮλɹĵ˵
ӦѪݹǵ߸ͷˣɶ
˶ЩʱӦһЦģɹ֮УֻҪĿߣû˸ɱ¾һ˵󣬻Խͻȥ
Ӧ˵ϣ˿һһȥ
ɶų￪ڣҲѪͿݹȥ
һʱ䣬᪹⣬ֻʣӦͳʮλĵӡ
λɹһʮĵӣǶеɣ
Ӧʮˣżɽʵ
һʮˣ׷׵ͷ
ʵһɹúĵѡΣʮˣ󣬶ҪΪɹһ¡
Ӧ˵
ˣ
ﰵ
ɹ֮ǰ֣ɹͳƬ˵ֻ̫ΪνĺĵѡΡ
Ͼںĵѡӱ֮ˣҪɹֻǹҸ
ˣӦÿԾܾɣ
Ӧʡ
ӦһЦȻԣ£⿴λԸȻǸλܾ뽻ƬңõƬɹһջءȻΪ˲þܾĸλһˣɹǻλһ䲻ƬȴҲǲɶ֮
ջƬ
ڳ֮ˣЩתһ룬ɹҪջǵƬǼûκη֮
ˣɹʲô£֮Σ
ɽʡ
ɽʵģҲʣµľʵġ
֮ΣȻС
Ӧͷڳ֮˷׷ɫ䡣
ӦͷһתȻΣյͬʱҲлһΣɹøλȥ£ԸλԣҲһλܻ˵֮Ƭͼ⾳Ƭʺϸλм⾳Ƭ߼⾳ƬҲûõ
м⾳Ƭָ⾳صصƬ
߼⾳Ƭָ⾳صصƬ
侳ǿ˱ƴ֮͡츳ͨ⣬Ҫģ⾳ıƴ
⾳ǿߣֲͨȱݣԽ׶ԵУڻ¡
ò˵ӦĻڳ֮ˣ׷̲ס
м⾳ƬܵõԼģֻҪ츳л̤侳ϡʵĸ߼⾳Ƭ̤ܰ侳Ͼ磡
Ӧ˵·ջǰʮλԸǿߡ
ˣ֪ɹǻĴյƬҲ͵ͼ⾳Ƭɣ
ɿӦʡ
һۣӦͷ
ǡ
ɷ·˵ʲôӦڴϣɣ֪˵ʲôЩϻǽ͡
䣬ӦɫޱأµϢڳ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬·оһʯͷѹ£ѹЩ
ָоܾûˡ
ǵãֻ侳ʱ侳ķ٣ٵġơѹָоһ졣
ֻǣڵѾ侳ߣ
ˡ
𣬳ڽϢ˺һ
Ӧþ⾳֮ˡﰵ
ţ
Ӧֳĵƣܽ⾳֮˺̲סȡ
治óȥ
һ̣Ӧջ⾳֮ڳ֮ˣӦĿУ˼ּɵ
˵ĻɹԵĻܣǴȥȫӻɹһὫһһɱ
Ӧ·Ծ֮£ëȻ


198 Զս
Ӧ䣬ֳһƬš
û˻ӦĻɹʵҪɱǣ練ơ
ڵߴǿҲδܺɹȻ￹⡣
ɹ֮һ˵
һΣɹʮλĵӣҪǣΪɹȥһط
ӦһˣǸط֮ǰűɹڵĻ֣ԹŴأǸطһ˵еġԶսµţڴ֮¡
Զս
ﾪȣ˵ǸطԶǿ䣿
յϢһԶս֮ǰһλΪߡǿ߷֣ԶսУһơλߣóһóƬ֪꣬ռһԶսҪĿģΪռԶսһЩŻ꣬ͨЩŻ꣬Ƭ
Ӧ˵
ߣԶսĹŻꣿ
սܱ֮ΪԶսҲʷ
ԶսĹŻ꣬һָԶսǿߵꡣ
һЩʵǿߣɱһʱ䲻Խǿߣ걣Խ
ӦĻЩȻ
ѹλӦղ˵ô࣬ԶսϢȥǻǿߣ¶Ȥ
ߡ
ݳ֪Ǭ½ȼ侳ĩΪ侳侳侳͵侳
ߣʲôεĴڣ
Ӧ˵꣬ߺһΪԴĿˣƿһԶսϢܿͲɡڣԶսΪѡǿӿ򣬶ҪõԶսƿȨϾ̲صĹŻ꣬ʵ̫ˣ
˵Զս棬侳ǿߺ侳ǿߵꡭ侳ǿߺ侳ǿߵ꣬һƬǡƬ
壿
ӦĻ·˴һǿ֮š
侳ǿߣ侳ǿߣ塣
Щǽջǵһ˵
壬侳ϵǿֶΣڵ侳ƣڵ侳ߵġ⾳⾳ǿ⾳ɱ䡢
Ӧ͵
ԣʱȻ
ǶӦе֪侳֮ϣ侳
侳֮ϣƺ侳
ˣǸߣѵ侳һǿߣ
ʡ

Ӧͷߣ侳ǿߡ
ȻﻳɣӦȷϣﻹ̲סһ
侳ǿߣ侳֮ϣ侳ڵ侳֮ϵĴڡ
侳ǿߣжǿ
ֻǳڳŸǿߣҲ̲סݡ
ˣ侳ǿжǿçʡ
жǿҲ֪ɹԹļأ侳ǿߣзɽ֮ܣʵͨ쳹ء
Ӧҡͷ˵
侳Ӧԣɹԣ̫ңԶˡ
֮УΪףȻУǿҲ侳ǿߡ
У侳ǿ߶ûС
ˣΪʲôҪѡǣ֪ɹǿ侳ǿҲԼ˽Զսˣ
Ӧʳ˵
񣬴󲿷̲ס룬ѵɹҪ
ֻǣתһ룬־֣ɹҪȥøԶսһУǽȥˡ
ңɹûΪҪȥ
ô˵ͨ
Ҹ˵˵ԶսõƣǾɹΪҪˡ
Ӧûֱӻش𣬷ƵԶսġơ
ƣ
ɻѵǧʲô֮ͬ
أڵУٶһЩǧƣˣӦˣʡ
˵ͷȷʵˡ
νǧƣʵԪʯ֮ó֧ǧơ
ӦĽͣƣк֣ܶΪɱ󡢻󡢾ԪȵȡνƣʵԴļƷԪʯóƣ֧֮ã
òӦĽͣóˣƶֱ۵˽⡣
꣬Զս¶٣Իǿɱ
˵ǰ£Ӧп
ԶսǿƼҲǾ£ĲƸ
ߣ侳ǿߣͨ쳹صĴڡôˣ
ǰһ̣ﻹΪӵеʵеȻһ̣̲סЩȻ
֮һûоͷ
ǿ侳ǿߣһбɱΣա
ɹļأǿۻͼҳԶսֻǣʮ꣬ûκջ񡭡ЩǿֻȥҲ»ָ
Ӧֵ
ôǿߣûҵԶս
񣬾ӦԣԶսҵˣ
ʮǰɲ¡һλǿߣԵɺ֮£˱ڵµԶս£ɲԭɺܿǾͷ֣һҵʵԶսƶ޷
Ӧ˵ԣɲ½ԶսĴڣ֪˻Ĵɹ
ΪʲôҪѡǽԶսɹǿ߽룬ɹԸҲԸ֮ǰǿߣһΣ֣߲õƣһΪ¡ơ
£
˾
ǰԶսƣҷ𣬽ʣʮꡭʮƻҷ𣬵ʱΪֵԶսҲ˶׻𡣡
Ӧ˵⡮¡ƣǿߣǿԿֻǣҪֵԶսͲơ֮ˣȻһ̤ƣһ̣Ҳᱻƴ
ԣɹһպĵӣҪʮ£ΪԶսʡ

Ӧ͵ؿ˳һۣɹ֮⣬Ĵʱ䣬ҲպĵӣΪԼõģԶս

Զս
ڳ֮ˣЩ١
ò˵ԶսĶͬǡ
ӦԣΪƬǿߣȻѾ˼ԶսأƣӴƸ
⾳ƬƬ
ЩûۺĲƸҪȻҲѾģѰҶʮ֮µǿߡ
ϾԶսһУδ֪ġ
ǷʲôΣգû֪
ֻʵԽǿ֮ˣĻŸ󣬲ܵõҪõĶ
Ҳ˽ɹĿģʮˣвԸԶսģھͿԾܾ
ӦĿ⣬ڳһ˵ϣһһɨ


199 
Ҫܾ
Ӧѯʣڳ֮ˣĬ
Զս˶ԣһжδ֪δ֪ģҲµġ
Ǭ½ΪΨܺúûǿߣһ·նٳԼǿ
һǾʲôûˡ
ˣԶս棬һʲôΣգ
ɿӦʡ
Ӧ˵ɹǿ֪Զս棬ӦµһЩУһЩɱͿܣԶսĹŻ꣬ȥǿҲҪԶսµģҲֻĴƬˡ
꣬ɣϣûзֶƬ˶ɣƬԶս档
ɱ󣬿ܣ
ܣ
ܶ˶棬Զս棬Ϊλпܴڡ
ӦͣУóһͬͨƣǿȻЩһȴûǻֻۣһȺɱ˹ߡ
ԣŻȻ
ˣʣ󣬽ԶսѲÿȥʮˣʡ
Ȼǡ
ӦһЦԼÿȥʮˡɹжʮԶսռʮʮɹʮ£ǿʮĵӡ
˵˵ͷЩȻ
ɹ˾ȣоĿǰ֮أ˵ܵǿߣǶš
Զս棬ҪһЩɱͿ֮⣬ǻҪĴˣԶս棬ٲƬɱ¾ĵˣĴˡԣϣԸԶս󣬾ߵ˺ܽ󻯡
Ӧ˵
ĵˣĴˡ
ڳʮλǿߣΪȻ
˾ܾԶս
Ӧʵ
ֻǣڳʮˣûһ˳ܾ˶һǻĻ
⾳ƬƬ
ˣԶսõƬѲȫҪϽɹ
Ĵʡ
Ȼǡ
Ӧҡͷͼ⾳ƬȫСõм⾳߼⾳Ƭ֮ˣϽһɹõƬ֮ˣƬųϽɹ
С߼⾳ƬϽһɹڳ֮Ҳʲô
ϾлԶսҲǶɹ
ֻǣƬҪϽųɣ
˵õʮöƬԼֻܵһö
һʱ䣬ڳ֮˵ɫЩѿڡ
ǿ˵ĲӦһЦҸһʱ俼ǣǾܾѡ뿪һðɹĵӲϿȱ
ڳ֮ˣܸоӦᶨ
Ȼɹ߲㹲ͬģӦһ˾
ȡųɵİƬֱڰᡣ
תһ룬ɹֱƬɾǳԶǡ
ϾûɹǸܽԶս
һʱ俼ǡ
ɹֱܰƤ
ﰵҲ֪ɹĵ
һӹȥڳ֮ˣû˾ܾ
ӦԺ⡣
ǻɹλǰԶս£ϣؿƿףһø֪
Ӧɹ˽µĽףϣǲҪԶս´ȥȻСǣڵţҲףɹҪκһڵ練ơ
Ӧ˵ĻȻȴһܷ
ɹȷʵʵ
ǣˡ
һ˵ͷӦ
ܺáӦϣ¶ЩЦݣʱ䣬ǿѡɹ£ĿߣƾĵƣͿԽȥأǿѯʾĿߵġؿ߳ϡ
֮䣬Ӧһ̧֣ʮˮһˣһһö
ɹĵƣ
ˮƣֻоֱ
ˮƣƿšɹ֣Χ·ϣϹ˸ʲôֶΡ
ڱ棬ƿš֡
ĺĵơ
ǻȥ
Ӧȴ·һʮ˻ȥ
ۿһ˻һǿߣҲ˿
ɵĸۡУɶǰŸ̤룬˾ˡ
˾Ҳˡ
Цǣɶ֣ɵǰ¡
˾Ҳֱһԡ
ε£ô˾ʡ
ôԼѡʵϾǳԶǡ˵
ǰƬû˻Ը˾ͷ
СյɹľĿߣһ¾뿪Σ
翴
ͷû
ӦͬʱЩ¶
Ϊ֪λԼĸףܻĸס
ֻһ¾뿪
˾һɹĵӣÿһ꣬ԽĿ£ǾͲڽԶսǰú
ǻЩҪǸϲ
翴˳һֱۣԵ
һʱʶһº뿪ɹʵΪ롣
ϾһλȥҪ
ºŻȥص·ϾҪʱ䣬󣬾ǰԶսӡ
ʣµһ£ʲô
ǰһ»ȥͿճʱ䣬ȥ¡
ϻڣѪħš
У˸ɭȻɱ⣬һλȥҪΪձŵļŸͬʱ˼š
˾ĻʱȻм£Ҳû취ţǣһȥĿߡ
áͷ
˾˵꣬ɴк뿪ˡ
˵ǸĴ᲻ȥĿߣ
ʲôͻȻЦ
ҾãӦòĿŵȥҪȥҲ͵͵ȥҲЦˡ
Ҳã˵ھ͵͵ȥˡ
ͷΪȻ
Ŀߣλɹ߼أһ׵Ͽȡ
Ŀһ࣬ɹĴѲӣԶһķǽĿߵĺĵӵǼ֮
ȻĿ⣬Ӱ£һ˺һӡ
ҪȥĿߣ¡
ʲԳһ㣬ȡԼĺĵƣ˹ȥ
Ǽǵһλˣ̬ӣվ·ڣҲһλ̤˵侳ǿߡ
һӵƣЩȣĴ۹ҾŻӣʮ󿡽ܵһˣ
Ĵ˾Ȼϵü両ֵּư
ֻǣ˽һ仰ɫһ䡣
ʮ󿡽ܵһˣͷǲֻϧʵǰû
ǼǺú˽ƻĴֹ


200 Ŀ
˿еġǰȻһɹĵѡεǰ
·𿴲Ĵѿɫ˿˵Ŀڣ׼ɱ¾Ȼÿɱ¾һˣ۳ھĿߵʱ䣬ʮ졣
ÿһĵӣÿһ꣬ɽĿ£Ҳʮҡ
ɱһˣҪ۳ʮʱ䡣
ɱˣɴɥʧھĿߵʱ䡣
գһͬͬʱ˿еĹأ̲סȡ
תһ룬ֶȻˡ
ûƣɱ˲Ҫ۵Ļʵǿߣǿ޼ɣĴɱ¾
㣬ŲɹԸ⿴ġ
ϣҵĺĵơ
ｫĺĵƣˣ΢΢һЦ
ߵĳ硢ɺ˾磬ҲԽƵݸˣ΢Ц
¶ЦݣѵÿòˣǸĴһưĿˡεõ˺ĵѡεһҲˣֻλеѣҿǵ۹ʮ󿡽ܵһ˵ţʵ
Ĵ
͸һۣĿⶼЩŹ֡
Ĵ쾹ˣ˵ˡ
ǳ
˿ĺĵƺЩȵؿ
紫һᡣ
Ҫǣ꣬ȫȻûĴư
ᾣ߸еİ
ͷ
ܺãܺá
һЦֿ˳˵ĺĵƣ˵ͷɹĵѡǰˣˡ
Ŀɱ¾˭ȷֻҪɱˣҪ۳ʮյʱ䡣
һѵǼȻֻһ£ôɱˣνĿߵʱ䣬ҲûʲôӰ졣
лϡ
ٴεл
ȥɣԽµߣԪԽŨ
ѵ
ˣǼǺ󣬷׷˾Ŀߡ
ĿߣһȻߣ֮󣬿ԿһЩɹĵĴѰߡ
Ŀڣÿһߣ±ϡ
Щ߳ڵϣӦþɵˣһһʱͻᾪڵ֮ˡ
˾˵
Ҳˣ۵ߣ߳ڣһϡ
Щϣɫ죬ΪĲ
ϾÿĹֱͬӰ쵽ɫ졣
ܿ죬ͷ֣ΧɹĵӣһĿ˵ϣȻǿס
ˣɹյʮĵ֮һ
ǸˣӦþǡĵѡεڶˡ
ߣǿߣˣһëͷСӵ˵ڶ

Χɹĵӣš
ǳ
ʱ򣬾Ŀ֮£һӰ󣬻ˡ
һӣԼĪʮߡ꣬Ƴ
ʦ֣
ʦ֣

Χɹĵӣ
Ȼɹĵλһ㡣
̤նڳǰų㻰
ﵭɨһۣᣬкһ¶ȥ
ΧһĿɨżֻ
Ҳʦַ

ʦ֣ɹʮµĺĵУʵеڶ֮ˣʮ꣬һΪ̤侳أ١ʦ֮¡
ƽʱ˭ԹʦֲǱϹϾģ
ǿĳǳţ»
Сӣʦ㻰أ
Уһ̤ų££ץļ
Ŀ֮£ۿ˵ֽߣҪץϳļ
ˡ
Ҳûʲô𣬷ƥĵƣ꼻һ֡
ǣ˵֣ϣҽгޱȣŵ
Ҫ
ŭͷûʶʵԶܱȣһֻ£ƺХ䡣
ߣĿһ䣬׼ٴγ
ʱһѸޱȵӰһ磬£ץ𣬴˳
ʦ֣һۣҪ
žʹ
ٳ֣㡣һۣ
˱ͷһȣʱ˼֣ɫɷޱȣлллʦ֡
Ŀ⣬ղŽϡ
˵ʵǿ
ӦǺı磬̫һ㣬侳ߡ
εߣ츳ͨЩȻֻж˷ɵͨԽԷܣɱ
ĵѡεڶ㵱֮
Ŀ˸ųҲ֪Щʲô֮䣬ż͡
ΧɹĵӣЩ졣
ǿ˹һۣ̤ն£Ѱߡ
ߣ
кһն
С١Уҽй󡣡
̧ͷ˹ԶȥӰһۣһЦ⡣
󣬵Щ˼
ֻǣ˵С١ʲô˼
֮£̤յһɹĵǰһʱ䣬ɹĵɫɷס
ղų־ͷ˱۰ֶΣҲˣ³Ҳһ
á
ɹĵк
㡭áĵæӦ
ۿﾹȻͻȻһɹĵӴк˶Щ֡
֪١˭ʡ
ʱĵӲֻ֪һЩ⣬ʱ˿ص١ʦ֣ɹһ츳Ϊ֮ˣʮ꣬һΪ̤侳ء
ʮ꣬侳أ
ﾪȣɾͣıˡ
ԣҲ̲סݣû뵽ɹУ
ɹ鴫
أʡ
ʦ֣ǸղλɹһУ츳ֻ١ʦ֮£ҲǶʮ꣬١ʦС£һΪ侳ء
ĵӻæش³ﲻ⡣
˼
ﰵЦǸ١֮ìܡ
ҪȻҲˡ
˼̤նȥʱ˾пû뵽ɹ֮л١һɹԼɳǰԶսʮˣʵʮ˲
ǲ֣ɹϾǻ̷
˵ŵĹ⻪δ
Ȼµ١ʵʤ
١ʤɹҲɹӣɾ;١͡
ڣҲΪɹĺĵӣֻǼҲһĵɹһС
ģδĳһգ١
ûˣ˾Ҫ£ȥɡ
﷢֣һߵϣ٣һɹĵ뿪˾

ڳﻰһʱһѸޱȵӰߡ
ߣ
ɫһ̤αسֱ֣ǰ


201 ͫͨ

֮ˣһʮˣʱһųżֲͷ
ɹĵӣսĿߣû֮ǰΪ
ҪȻԳɵ
ߣǿˡ
ﵭĮɨһۡ
ƾδɵСӣ
Цֻǣܿ죬Цݾˡ
һɹĵǰ˵ݣ
ԼĪʮͷˣȻǡ
ʮͷͨӵߣһΪ侳أɹѾʲôܡ
Ҳ侳ߣҲͨ侳أ˵ڷ̨ϵΪ侳֮ˣˡ
ɲΪԼܺ侳Ტۡ
ֻǣ뿪ֲġ

˿ȻҽС١ʦֵˡ

ﻰ䣬ﲻ͵·Ծ֮£ëȻ
ƥĵƣڳϳ
ڳá١ѹһ㶼⡣
ǻ£Ͳǳˡ
һֻ˿˳һۣ˲١ʦӣ١ʦֻס㡣
׸ơٻ㻹ʲô
ͻȻ򳣴Цѵɹĺĵӣֻñ˵ͷˣ磿
ĻΧɹĵӣŹֵؿ˳
ɫǺ죬оúܣҲˣ̤նֱ뿪˾Ŀߡ
ⳣ϶֪ͨ١ʦȥˡ
Ҳ󵨣ôҲ١ʦֵˣ١ʦ̡
Ͳ١ʦ֡

Χɹĵӣ׷š
ЩԳĶȻˣҲ⣬˾磺˾
磬ɡº
˾Գһͷǰߣڴ
ʱ󣬳ɣ̶ҵһߡ
˸Խߣ׼ʼһµıչ
ߣ͸о󺮷ŨޱȵԪԽǽ棬ԪԽǳԣ
ķ䵹ͦġ
棬һңһʯ֮⣬
ʯ￪ʼ
һµʱ䣬ΪƵ޷ͻƵ侳أҲŨԪͨһһΪ
ɹһƧĸۡϱһš
ۡǰԺһԼĪʮҵӣƽʯǰƷ
ǰ棬һվһߡ
ѵʮĺĵӶˣԿˣ
²豭ӿ򳣴ʵ
϶úܻͣҪӴʮ꣬ʱȴǱϹϾ
ҪǣҲ͹ϵ
ӣҲǵۻʹС
١ʦ֣ҼˡֱԵ

ԼĪʮӣ١
ɹĵӣһеǿߡ
ǡ
ͷԼϳϸ˵˳ͼӴס
֪ҵ˺һνӣ١˫ʡ
ǡͷ
ˣȥɡ
١ɨ˳һۣ˵
١ʦ֣
ɫһ䣺ǸţĿˣ˿ʦѵʦͲѵѵ
ȥ
١һ˪ͺȣ١£ֲָֻš
١üŭ⣬ɫɷף١ʦϢŭϢŭ뿪뿪
ŵ߳һۡ١ƽһ㡣
ղţȫΪŭɥʧǣȴˣλ١ʦ֣޵ľ˶ָֻš
뵽ղŵһĻһ亹ֱ
ȥ١Ʒζ˫гһߣεϣ¶ǳǳľѣĿô˼
²豭١վɫ١ʧڸ֮ۡС
֮ۡ⣬߿֮ϣһѸޱȵĺɫ磬ֱĿ߷ȥ
ĿߣǼǴ
ϣ֪ھĿã
١ǼǺĵӽĿĳϣʡ
١ʲô
ʵĳϣ֮ǰＸ˵Ǽǵġ
ϵ١ΪϤ
ϣģֻǺѡʮͷںĵѡϣλеڶ١ȻҪ
١һЦ
һ¡
ǼǵĳϣֱԵ
лϣ⣬Ҳ׼Ŀһ£ϰҵǼ¡
֮䣬١ûȡĵƣͽ˾Ŀߡ
ʼգǸǼǵĳϣǾĿѲӵɹӣûκζͲϰһ㡣
³ϣҿ֮ǰǳͦкøеôôͷͽˣͲ١ɱˣ
ǼǴһˣʵ
³ϹһЦ侳Ϊ侳ߣã١ɱ
һµʱ䣬ת۹ȥ
ɹʥأĿߵȼԪ̨
һº˫ĳһ
һ¹ȥջܴ
һﵽ侳ص۷塣
ֻҪ֮ƣ̤˺һ֮˳ͻƵ侳ء
߳ڵϣ̤ն
ճͷֵȺĳ硢ˡ
磬̫ӵ£ǵҶãʡ
ãʱѡ΢Ц
ڻʡ
šɵͷ

뿪ʱģٴιʱеˣΪ֮
һλȥҪԼԡ
ѪծѪ
Сǵýʲô𣿡Цʡ
ʲôӣ
һתһ룬ҲЦˡ
Ǹѣˣ죬ա
쿪ʼʮһˡ
ӹ죬뵱յīʯ۹ˡ
ǵãսīʯ۹ޱߵĴĮУȹʮա
Щп
ţ
ܿ죬عΪ˵ĲԶһӰ
һݵվԶһ˫͸¶а죬һʵӡ
ˣվǸһĸо
Ȼ֣ڿǣҲû⣬Թն׼뿪
ʱɫ䡣
ΪǷ֣Զͷһ˸ųɫͫӰĹĻþȫˡ
ԭھĿڣԿղǸˣڣ˷һƬޡ
ˣ޵Ŀռ֮С
Ǹ˵ͨ
ﻹǵһμʶôͨܽĵط
ǡͫͨͨ˶þһжõġ
ʱɵ˳ͳĶУһ
ͫͨ
ʲôͨ


202 侳ǿ
ҪԼ۾ǵȥӦ
ɵŴ˳˵ĶС
ԣֵܶˣ˫ۡ
һƬ֮󣬵ơƳһ˺ΧĻþ
ĵѡǰˣЩ¡
ۿ˳ƻþţӵǣ¶Цݡ
١
ɿ١оâ˸
Ӧþɰɣ
١һֱۣӵɵݡ
ţֿ˳ɫһ
Ѿµǰ֮ˣӦþ١ˣ뿪ʱҪСĵˡ
١һۣջĿ⣬΢Цɣ߰ɣɶͿϵȾˡ
һǰĿ֮ǰ˾ͼƻһºг̡
ɶһ𣬷
ǱߣѾʦѪҪѪҪȳӾĿ߳ͻȥˡ

Ӱ

ӣ١ŭĻͫͨѪէ֣·һѪȵ£
ƣأҪ˺ѣ
١ŭ֣ȫʩΪɹУ˼λͼλ˭
Сģ
ɫ䣬û뵽١˲
ҪǺܿͷ֣١ִٳ֣ȫʩΪԼʱԳʩԮ֡
١ûͫͨʩչþֳʱĿڣɹӣ£һԿ֡
ۿ١ŭ֣һɺ£ʱܽնأ
ɣ
ĮھĿڴϵػصš
ݣ
Ŀ֮£ڳ֮ˣֻ̧֣˲䣬̶ƿ·ܽ˺ѡ
⡭
һɹĵӣˡ
Ƿ֣١һɺɫ£֮Уƾէ֡
̶ƿȥƲ١
Ѫѵ˲䣬١һ̷ʲô
Ļͫͨ˲䱩ǣɫĹ⻪˸ͨ绯һɺԲ£ھĿУͷŹԡ
䡪
ǵĻͫͨǼʱһŵĴâ
ɵͨ𣬳һһѪ³Ŀ١١ɹĵһһˣˣ

١Ļͫͨ¾ת󣬱ǿޱȡ
ͫͨҫ۵Ĺԣ
Ϊֻоת
Įֻɵָ֮䣬һöҩ˳
ץסĵҩϤЩЩͬ
ת
統īʯʥԺʱµһ㣬ûκθõ
䣬ᵽʲôת
١ٶĻͫͨһöתɱ
ת֣١ţҲףǸʵ
١׺ݵӣɨһۣվĻͫͨ
ʵȷʵˡ
ղţһŵĴâ·ܶһУëȻ
ʱϷ˾תղſ¾ͱҪһɲǣܵϢĸо
ԭǴƾתҩɱ
˭ֱ֪Ӹ˳һöת
Ҳ¾תûκʤ㣬ղʩչֶΣ̫죬̫ˡ
ߣ
Įɨ١һۣն뿪˾Ŀߡ
ֻʣһɹĺĵӣŵؿ١
١ֵ³Կˣ
뿪Ŀߣ˵ǼǴ
һ¡
ϴΪ˵ǼǵĿ³ϣΪ˵ǼǺ΢΢һЦڣǻٽĿһ¡
һЦ󣬳뿪
ۿȥ³У˸Ǹһ㣬ȷʵ򵥣١˿
̫ӵ¡
ｫתݻظɡ
ŰɡЦ
ﻹֻɣҲˣ°ɡ
Ȼ綼ˣͷת£ˣҲҪ
תһű
ؼʱ̣ܱ
һʱ
Ӱɹڹɳ£ɹ⹬
ڹ壬⹬Ҫ࣬洦ԼһϷӴӰ
Ҳ֪ɹ⹬׵㻻ȡĹ似УǷ켶似
Ź⹬
С
ҡͷ
ڳɻʱ翪ˣС켶似˵ɹ⹬ڹҲ˭ʸݸԣɹڣÿһֻһ켶似û켶
ף
һ֪
켶似ں֮ƣ⾳ںϰ塭һʩչʯ쾪
ݹѵÿڣɹУҲֻмʸ켶似ʵӦҲδʸɹ켶似
ͷ
켶似µ֪
һˣ뿪ɹ⹬ֱӾӶȥ֮УѸޱȵ硣
ϣôˣ
պ󣬿ݹͻȻͣ£óɫһʶЩԡ
ɡ
ʱݹԶ֮ϣǲʲô
û뵽ңҲĵ侳ǿߡ
߿֮ϣһӰ̤ն䡣
λӦòǳɣ
ݹǵĿ⣬Զ֮ϣ⣬ͳ
û뵽ݵֻʣƤǵϼһ͡
Ӱ̤ն䡣
ˣϵóˣīʯ۹档
ֻǣǿߣɹڶֺĵѡʱͱ̭ˡ
һˣ̤šħڡ档
棬վԶ͸¶Ϣ·ڣԣֻλ侳ǿߡ
濴ǣ侳ǿ
һ䡣
ǵĿģܲµһ
ƬʹһЩ
ħڵ棬Žӻĺ֮£֮·ＸƬǵ֮
ħڣҲħڣħ𹦷
ҪƬҪûǸˡ
ݹ̤ǰһΧһȦȦۿɼ
µϢڿݹ
ͬΪ侳һأѲɣ㻹һ
һ棬ۿݹƴ̲סЦһ
֮䣬û˷
硣ɶų۰֣˼֡
ģûµġ
ɶֱ
ʵڣҲЩ
ϣȻǵ侳ǿߣ񣬾ݶԷԣҲֻǵ侳һضѡ
Էˣǵ侳һߣӦ
ĿתĴ㡣
ת֡


203 ʳ
ȻҲףоתҲδܶԸ侳ǿߡ
ȻԴУȴǲܣ
¡¡
ݹǶ侳ǿߣţսһ
ʱߴƵըըת֮䣬͵˳һͷ֮ϡ
ݹڣĴ侳ǿߣ̲ס̧ͷ
ʱһ׳˶Ӱ̤ն䡣
һλˣ˰ԲΧһɫ˸һ㡣
ʲôˣ
ħɫһ䣬ʡ
׳˶˷·Ըħ棬ֻһ̧֣׹˸ѹʱ첲ֵɫ磬ֱħ档
ħɫ䣬һ𣬷֮𣬾ӿ
ӳԶͱɫ׷ϣ£·Яֱ֮ӽħִ»츳ͨ飬ϡ
䣡
һը죬׹˸ħ滯ޡ
ӣ
棬ﻹ֪Էһ˵ģֿӣ·֮ƣ硣
ֻǣ׳˶Ƴ첲ֵӶ׷ˣ˵ģ˺ޡ
ڳ˻ûӦʱ˶һͷ֮С
ǿ
˸
ӦɹǿߣҲǵ侳أɱ侳һأһ򵥡ݹǵУֳּɵ
ֻǣЩ֣ɹ֮ˣΪҪǣ
ɺ·һ·һࣿ
侳һǿߣôˣ
оԼȻ٣侳ǿߣƼͿѹĴڡ
λ׳˶У侳ǿ߾ûˡ
ǿ侳ߣڸǿĴǰһûκη֮
־͡
Ҫǿǿһ֮ϣԸвָоܡ
Ӧɹǿߣܻǹ˵ġϾºҪΪɹԶսıƬ
ݹǵĻΪȻ
ͳ硢ɶһۣӶԷУȻ
һˣĶ侳أзʳǣ·;ȻңԶһңҲִܵ
ʧǣǳＸ˷ıؾ֮أһâţ
λҪΪŸ𣬸֮أҪţһ֤ͬһ̵ĵ
գ̨Ѫɺӣؿŵһ¡
һΣҪúϻںѪħţ췭ظ
ҡͺֵܣųܾˡ
âѪԸʹ˷

ţ׼ʧǺɶ˻ϣû壬һӰ£ǰ
Ƴϡ
ˣִ֮һӢ
ôȻˣѪأӢʡ
ʦӦûҪٹһ²ܻɹЦ
ɹ
ӢһѵΪɹĵӣ
ͷ
ӢһԳȻûΪɹĵӣϾᣬԺǻᡭ
ۿǰӢȻΪ̭ˡ
ЦƳϣҲɹĺĵӡ
䣬ȡԼɹĵơ
㡭Ҳͨѡˣ
Ӣסˣڣ˶ͨɹѡΣΪɹĺĵӣ
ĵӣڵõĽ
룬ӢЩ
£ҪȥرӢƼ
һȥӢʡ
Ƴϣ֮ǰΪмҪ죬Ҫһ˵
Ӣͷȥɣһš
һŵĴϲ¡
ۿӢıӰתʣҡҡͷţʧǺɶ˻һ
ɣ̫ɣ
ڳĽ£ţкɵ֪ɵʱˡ
̫ɣţȥļŵӶԣ׹
̫ɣе֮ס
һ·ϣ棬ô̫һ
ֻ˰ʱ䣬һˣڻصصĻʳǡ
ǳһĻʳǣʳǣԪʳǴ󣬱īʯ۹ĵ۶С
ʳǣɢɣϢ
Ļʳǣͬʷƾá
ʳǣһ˵Ҳ͵ֱʹڶȥ
̫ɺͿݹǣǰＸ˸ں棬񣬳ڸɶţŻʳǡ
үǸŮˡ
ԶһӭϵĳĿɶϣ۾ֱˡ
ˣɶҲסˣĿⷢ
ͣ
һ£ͣ£i˳˵ǰ档
ͣͿߵɶǰλС㣬ҵһۿ㣬͸оĶҪˣȥҴӲһ飬ɽ죬ҡ
߽Գʣ
ֻǣĻܿͱ˴ϡ
׿
֪ʱɵתͷˡ
Ϥתͷʱɫһ䣬̫硣
Ҫɴǳ⣬ֱӾڴͥ±¶̫ӵݡ
ɣ̫ӣΪƽʱӼʳǵͨ񣬵Ҳϲɡ
׿ܵǸ
üͷһƣͺȵ
ܣ׿ڳɣִ̫ɵɫ䡣
찡λòɵŮӣṫӵŮˣ
׿ңȻ壬ڻǰһҪ׳Ƴ
ṫڻеĵλʤۻʣ
׿ʧˣүˡ
׿ųһ亹Ĵ̫Щ飬¾͵ýˡ
֮ģ˽֮֮У
ﵭһЦ
׿ӳֿʼɶʱĿⴿûκаҲǳûֹԭ
һĵͽӣ类һɱˣ
֮ģ˽֮
׿˿Ŀ˵
СʲôʱڳˣҲЩȻ
ԣһЦ
ǰĳ
֮ģ˽֮ȷʵҲ
ƤҲ̲סЩ̡
ʹ֮ǰԶʱڸ߿գͿʹȫò
ֻǣʹԶ侳ȴȫ
̫ӵ£
̫ӵ£

ʹ֮Уһˣ֮
ôʶ̫ӵµģѵɹţʡ
ɹ£ﵱ뿪ʱ͸˵һ֪
ǰɡͷ
ǣţˡ
̫ӣұ硣ֵ
磿
ţסˣ̫ӣǳ磿
̫ӣۻ֮ӣλޱȡ
ƺ̫Ϊ硱ݡ
֮ӣ
뵽ֵܶһ츳ţĿ΢һ𣺡ṫĶӵİɣ


204 ۻʡء
˵һһ֮ɧ
ʮǰҲλǿߣķ
λǿУһλŮԣǵʱۻ֮Ůṫ
ֻǣҲ֪ʲô£ṫʼʧ˵ǰһʧģһλǿߡ
λǿߣأ˵ṫŲѰĹϵ
˲²⣬Ṭܸλǿߣ뿪紳ȥˡ
ʹǴ֮ڡ
һˣɵĴ£߽˴
ۻʣҵľ˾ˣ
ӵΣԣĿ⣬ϵϡ
ˣۻʣء
ʡ
¡ͿݹǸ
ʣµĳɶţҲѧ

ЦУŵأۻʣ粽£ɶС磬ǰɹĵѡΣΣ
ʣҲ˵ɻص
һɹĵѡΣǿ߶īʯ۹ʮ󿡽һ϶ҲˡһɹյĺĵУλеοص˵ͷ
Լӣһֱ⡣
С磬أֿ磬΢Цʡ
ݡ
绰û˵꣬ͱشϣЦ⺢ӣ˸˵ٴˣ˽£ýеôࡣ
һֱڹ۲أۻʣĶˡ
ڣҲ֣ûʲôӣĸ磬ҲԴĵ׹ġ۰
һۣˣͺкøС
£үɹĵѡϣλеһ
ʱݹǿˡ
ϵЦݣ˲̣ԺһƬհס
һ
ɹĵѡΣֻе۹ǿ߻룬ǸĶͻңһ롣
ϾɹĽƬ
ɹĵѡεһɣҲ붼롣
ɣȻһжɧɵ۹֮ټϸǿ߱ûһ
һô£
Щȣ֪츳䲻ǿ磬ϾҪĶСϼꡣ
ȥ츳׿Ⱥʵȴɼ֡
һΣ磬ȻɹĵѡУλеһ
ܾãб顣
Щ£һٸ˵ڣҪһ˸ʶ΢Ц
ţ
غ棬Ŀڳɶţһһɨ
ţҲˣֻ΢΢ͷ
ɶʱҲ̲סݣؼ䣬Ůӣ˿ڵ֮¡
㡭صĿ⣬ڳϣҲƲ
ò̫Ϥˡ
÷򣬻磬ǰˣżơ
ʣܡɽܵ
ܣ
غܿͷӦ˫۷㡭ú÷Сӣãáû뵽һתۣǶʮȥˣ㶼ôˡ
¡
صͷһЦ
ذ֣Щˣѧ磬Ժ˽¼ңһˡˡ
ˡ
еһ˿ڴԸ
ãáͷ·ܸˡ
ţֽɶţܸء
ú÷֪ôɫϱ϶ҲΪˡؿ˳һۣóһЦ
ۻʣһ档
¡ţЩ
īʯ۹ۻʣīʯ۹еλΪߵĴڣȥţδۼ
գֻۼۿۻʶͷһЦ
˷ܲѡ
ݹǣȥ£ϣҪúúһ
ؿݹǣԸ
ǡݹǵͷȥ
ҹĻ٣ڻʹ԰У֮£һߣƼȡ
û뵽žСţС㻹Ǽµǰ˲֪ҲˣȻ֪ѪħźͺϻڣҲҵĵˣһҵĵˣɶգʮ˽СһˣûԭĶ
ӳУ֪˳ȥľЩпݼڵѪħźͺϻʱҲ̲סһŭ
ʮ˽
ɺͳ綼Щݣû뵽˿¡
ллˡ
أΪۻʣɳϣԸܵŨŨ顣
ָоܡ
ȻҲ˸ͱɵɫ̲ס洫ʳ磺磬ʮ˽ʲôô̫ӵµɫЩ֡
գ֪ˡ
أóΪΡ
ڵȼա
ˣҸ׺ĸʲôط
ƹѲž⣬̲סѯ
ԣһЦģ㣬Ȼ㡣ϢҲǵĶС
ͷȴЩء
ɹʱֹʶԼĸĸʲô¡
ҲһĿģҪ֪ࡣ
һеࡣ
ҹɸﰲһйڳйһ࣬໥Ӧ
йֻܴǷ䣬ʮ
ȥ֮󣬳ģЩꡣ
նأҲۻԣĸĸӦѾ֪˻ʹΪεڻû
Ȼ
ѵĲԼ
磬¡
ƽɶڳߣӰ룬ȻûбֳǸоص顣
û£ɶ
ҡͷɶڣкת
ʹһŵ
ŵ֮УƻһӰԶХ˹ŵ֮ǰ
ʲôˣ
˲䣬ѸޱȵӰٶȣ˵ǰ
ɫװ֮ˣǹһӡ
ҡ
˿ˣһͷ
ү˵ݣٴ뿪ÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ڹŵ֮ǰᳵ·һ䡣
۵ķ䣬ж죬˳Žݣ˹ŵ֮µĵй
һйűϢ
·ϰһеĳ磬˵йһ࣬һĴ⡣
֮ڣΪࡣ
һ˵ıף֮ǰһݵӣ֮УӵͷȼŻĹӰӶŻ棬ס

ÿһ£ñһƱϢ
Ȼ𣬴й
ͷһȼŻĹӰ𽥵˳һͨͨ
£Ȼͨ
ͬʱ˫ֲĴһȵĻ棬˱ס
ף·ھգȴзֺڻļ
С硣
֪ʱߣһˡ
ңңű׷̾˿ĸ׵ˣַˡһΣȹȥҪأҺ㸸׽ΪҲﲻˡ


205 ͳ츮
кʵĻ֮⾳Ƭ߲εĻ֮⾳ĸ׵ˣӦûٻ
翴һ۱ף֮ڣϡһˡ
ĸס
ĸ׵ˣһҪףΨǿĻ֮Ϊ
ЩٴΣĸײûܼ
Һãĸ׵һֱһִ
ĸ׵ִ֪ʲôԼĵܵܣ
պ
յʹʱԵʧĳ⼸Ҳȫָ˹
ϻڣѪħšȥɣǣһһá
ޱȣ˾
ɣǣУ֮ڣ졣
ǧѪｫʿÿһ̶
ǧ侳ߣ
ǿµѪ侳ߵĴڡ
У֮ڵȻ죬ɣƽࡣ
գɣ⣬ӭ糾͵ӰĸӣһλɵŮӡ
Ů续ˣսɣǣΧһĿ⡣
һЩӵĿ⣬򼵶ʵŮߵϣΪŮӵ۰ϵģޱȣһ۾ܿ˵Ĺϵһ㡣
λ㣬ͳ츮ôߣ
΢Ц·һŮӡ
ǰתһֱ߾͵ˡŮæصǰˣһ֪ͨˡ
û뵽Ǿȥͳ츮ġ
лл
лһＸˣŮָ·ͳ츮
ͳ츮ۡſڣλѪｫʿѪ֮ϣһ㣬ػͳ츮
ʲôˣ
ۿ˵λѪｫʿʱ
Ҫ졣
ʱɿǰһУһƣݵơ
ֱ֮ĸѪｫʿɫһ䣬ֻǣǿϵʱ׷Ѫڵأ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ½٣ѪｫʿȻҵʱһѪ֮ϣͳ츮
һˣųＸˣͳ츮˴֮С
̫ӵ£ԵƬ̣ͳϾ
Ѫｫʿ˵һ뿪˴
ľԺٻߣ޼Żݲݡ
ͳˣ
棬Ѫｫʿ
վԺʣʲô£
ͳˣ̫ӵˣ˵Ҫ㡣Ѫｫʿҵæ˵
ʲô̫ӵ£
һ̫ӣɣʲô
ף̫ɣʲôٻʡ
Ҳ֪ߣȥҡҡͷеļӣϴֺ߳Ժӡ
ʱ壬ࡣ
룬濴ࡣ
ٻһͬ˴
̫ӵãδԶӭˡ
컹ڴ֮⣬Ȼڡ
죡
֮ڣ˫һ
У˵ΣȻȴһֱۼ
գҪԼĽѾ֮ˣѪͳ죬ǹ죡
ܿ죬Ϳһλ׳˶ӣ粽˽
˵ϣµĲɣȻûһΪü֮䣬ʱ͸¶ϵϢ
ףһλӦþˡ
ͳ졣
ɿˣ΢΢
ǵһμ죬ȥʱǾӸ£Ͼֻǻҵĳӡ
Ȼʱȴûٰڹȥ̫Ӽӣһλ
ȻΪ
Ͼ죬ǳĳ
̫ӵ£ʹã
ɵĶһæǷ

ʱ췢֣֪ʱߵŮٻ嶼ʼ
ٻĿ⣬̫ϡ
˵ߣһλϢŮӣ˵֣ΪŮŮӵǰ·Ȼʧɫ
ֻǣŮˡ
ٻþò
վǰһɲվٻһЦ
һЦٸв׺ɣ
ֻûȴоá
ٻ˳ߵɶһۣվûһɶĴڣ·ͳ֮һ֣ԽĹ֡
ȥٻһԺʱĳ档
һգٻ֣ԼģȻȴϲһ
ߵŮӣ̫ɫˣ̲סԲλࡣ
ǳ󾪣û뵽ǰ˾ǳڵŵϣ
ô룬Ҳ뵽ռʱһ档
Ϊλ̫ӵ
Գ
ǰʲôæһ
ǼǼŵӣӦ񡣡˵
ǰԪʱҾ˵Ĵ˼ţҸ˵ĴšǰǧѪｫʿɱϺϻڣε硣һźǵûǰߣһɱϺϻڡ
ϿҵͽǰҵĳԣԺڳǰǰˣܲ𣡡
Ϊţ̫ˡ
һΪϣӲдգֻΪһΪ˼ŵĳޡ
ãááûѡˣûѡˡ
¶һЦݺ᣺ģһգǻлһɱϺϻڣţһղ̫Զ
ǲ̫Զ
Цˡ
̫ɿ죺ͳ죬ǧѪｫʿ׼׼ǼձϻڣϻںѪħš
ˣٻҲˡ
̫ɣղ˵ʲô
Ƿϻڣ
ǻ֮ˣλߵĴڣһ룬ʹҽ롣
ѵǻҪϻںѪħţ
ǰ꣬ϻںѪħǷŵѪծʱֻˡѪծѪ
￴죬к˸
ǡô£
컹ûܷӦ
Ǽŵĳޣô룿
ʱţǰһЦͳ죬£ѾֻǼźͺϻڡѪħŵˡ
ţ첻⡣
ţô£ٻ̲סʡ
ţ˳һۣͷŽԼ֪˵˳ͳ죬ǼŵһҶԴλӦûʲôʡ
츸Ů˶ͷ㣬ӹɡ
ٻ
ţå˵ǣǼŵĵ⣬һݣṫ֮ӣµ̫ӵױܣԣ£һ롣
ò˵ţåĻ츸Ů˳״סˡ
ṫ֮ӣ
ṫٻȻû˽⣬ϾǺṫһʱˡ
ʮǰڼո¶ͷǣΪһһš
ȻʱΪž޵ǿ߱㲻ʲôҲڼűȽϳʶѡ
ṫǿ֮ףǸʱΪ绪
ṫһλǿߺˣλǿߣա
ա
쿴˳һۣҲճ
Ҳ˵ǵṫλǿߵӣ


206 Ѫ
ٻû뵽ﻹôһݡ
ֻǣҲ֣ȻôһݣǰΪβûҰæϻںѪħŸأ
ʼ벻ͨ
ô֪Ҳ֪Լݣԭûκ
ҡ
ĻǣٻʵоԼΡ
Ը֣ҪϻںѪħţ練ơ
̫ӵ¾ҪҪЦ
֮ǰѵǧѪｫʿ˵Ҫǽ㣬ΪΪŸĳ룬û뵽㡭
ٻЩţһб仯̫ͻȻ
չֳ츳Ϊֻͨĳһ䣬Ϊ֮ˡλ͡
ǧѪｫʿͻǰɣǰ͵ȴһˡ
￴죬΢΢һЦ
ȥ׼
תȥǧѪｫʿȥˡ
֮ɣٴαǧѪ֮ǰϻһۣٴ㳲
һΣѪںϻһȷѪ꣬ѪͳһŭѪǧúϻԪˣ
˿ϧǣ𾴵ͳˣҲϵһΪ
һΣǧѪٴ㳲Ϊʲô
ѵ׼ٴɱϺϻڣһѩǰܣ
һʱ䣬ɣڣһЩϲֵߣβ
һЩˣܿͷ֣һѪ㳲ǧѪͳ˸Ů֮⣬˼ס
Щˣϳ⼸ףǰòŵɣǵˡ
ѵѪһεĶ⼸йأ
û뵽һѪ֮ϡ
ţµѪһۣһЦ
һˣһһֻѪ䵱ǧѪһͬоǰ
ֱָϻڣ
ǧѪ󲿷ˣǰѪһս
һսۿѪֵܣһںϻǿµ£һΣȥΪյֵܱ
ЯŸŭڲãĴ֮С
ϻڡ
ĻָϻδȫָԪȴҲʾһƬ
ϻפΧŵ֮أϡϡһЩŵӣɽ·֮УһЩˣɽһ࣬дԼս
֡
ǰѪɺ֮أҲֲǣκκۼ
ϻŵӣٽļô֮ϣ˯
Ȼһˣоߴ֮ɫ䣺ãԶ֮᲻Ѫˣ
Ϊһ㣬ȴˣΪָңԶ
Ѫ
⼸ŵӣ׷һʱ䣬ôϣ֦Ҷء
⼸ŵӣһ󣬶ҡͷһЦͷһǰǴӰ˰ɣҼǵãǴǶһضŶһ١
˵ģˣԽԽ󣡡
Ϊͷɫ䣬һԾ˴ǲžˡ
ۿһܵʣµļŵӣ̲סЦˣǵС
ǣҲ뵱Ǻϻڼλ潵٣ѪжǱ
ѪҲ۸۸Щŵӣ꣬ɱôˣѪͳ춼Ϊǻ

һӺ󣬺ϻΧƬض
ôϵŵӣĿһƬɺƶʱɫ׷״䣺ãѪ
˻Ųѣϻȥ
ֻǣǵٶȣùѪѪｫʿϵļ
𡪡
Ѫĵͺ𣬴˺ϻΧʸǼղŻڴ˯ŵӣһӴе¡
ǰһֻ̣Լûʱȥ
˲ͷĻͷһ뿪ܻ
Ѫˣ
ʲôѪˣӣӰ
Ͻȥ֪֪ͨͨǡ

һϻŵӣϻȥ
Ǹû뵽ǰǺϻشѪΪλҾ
ѵѪˣľһ㶼
ǿֻҪǺϻ֣Ѫġ
ǧѪ֮Ѫϵص䡣
ѪծѪ
һĻڳУûκθоģޱȣ۳ÿһλӳ˼ϻŵӵ
ɱˣݣ
ɱţ˫Ŀ죬ǰһУҲ̼
꣬Ŀɱ¾ģԵļŵӣʤ
ϻڣѪħţüŸüѪɺӣΪūˣջ
Ψɱ¾
ƽеķŭѹ֣
ѹŭ𣬳׷й˳
ʱˮ齻һ㣬ţһȭȭէ֣·ɱ䡣
һ˲䣬ţȭͷ֮ϵҲɱ䡣

ͻˣ
ţѹֺŭ𣬳йʱ΢ȭƣһٴ侳أ̤侳һء

ţЦÿһȭȭԶӴܵĺϻŵӣһ䡣
ţͻƣߵĳＸҲһ㶡
ҲУ
ǧѪͬһΣֻΧɱ¾һΣɱ˺ϻΧ
ںϻŵУѪˣ
ûһΪµѪȴǿ侳صĴڣÿһοһϻڵɱ
ϻڡ
ǣ¶˼ֿ⡣
գΪﱻϻڵϼһϵ
գˡ
ľǿ
Ľ
죡
ɱ¾һӣԶʣ
ЦӦԶ֮ˡ
ϻ
źϻʮϣԼλϻ棬̤ն
֣˾ͽף
Ŀ⣬һ·ܴ͸ռ䣬˵ϡ
űţʼٸߡ
֣֮ϣڡ
˾ͽף֮ϣ··һ档
ﻹǵãգŴȣϻһˣǿƽ١
ʱˣֻӡ
գѾվͬȵĸ߶ȣƽ˶ӡ

·𣬳նĿ
ˣղž͸оһƵĿϣʱۿһӰǶϳǰ֮ˡ
ţ
գҶ죬żϼһƴȥΪһϣ
侳
ϻɫ䡣
ǰˣֻ侳ߣͻƵ侳ˣ
˵·õһ㣬
侳أ
ﲢûʩչΪֶΣȫչֳԼΪ
ˣɫٱ䣬ж˼־塣
侳أ侳أֻʱ䣿
ڣ⣬ΪμŵļϼһƴҲҪҶ콫ͳȥ
ֱһµ
޴㣬ݷϧûˡ
Цˣϻڣɱնݳ


207 ʮ˽
Գչֳ츳ٹ꣬Ǻϻڿûһѹ
ڣһΪ侳أȲѪɱ
˾٣ʵ޴
Ժϻϻ֡˾ͽףǵһʱ˳
ǲκĻᣡ
գ˭ܻ£

ʮͷ侳ߣ츳˵ݹīʯ۹Ҳû˵
ݹҲûܺͳᲢۡ
ĵˣʳѰ
Ըһдۣɱ

ۿˣͳڵԼЦ
ͷЦó
䣬ǣ֮𣬷̵
ΪʲôЦ
ﵭɨ˶һۣϻкϻϼһֶֻԸҳһˣܳ
ߣ
мͺһڣգ˵ʲôҲɣ
ۿϳһ֣һЦΪϻҿɱ
ҿɱ
Цˣ粽һڣڣܿ죬Ҿͻ֪ɱɱ
Ӷˣʲô֪㲻ɱ𣿡
죬Цú⣬ܲá
˵ʲô
ǰ壬˲佩סͫһų
ɹȥĵѡΣλ汣˲࣬˵ɱĵ
һϻڳϣ
Ҳǹң³ϵĻ˵ͷ漴ұ֤Ҷ϶㳤
Ц֮һӣǰɹĵѡʱɹ̨ϣĿ֮£ҳɱڳ֮ˣм˲֪
ȻЦЦá
Ϊһ㣿Ц
ǰͱɱλ϶һʱͻˣᵽڻûκϢ
϶λһɹ
ɵ㲻š
һ̧֣϶һˮƣҵɹĵƣҲʬ壬ҡ֮ϵõҫڣΣ
ˮƣ֮£ԡ
ɹƿ̣С֣ޱȡ
еƣɫһ䡣
ƣͬѰƣһͲαĴƷ
ټϳһ侳ΪʵȷʵпͨɹĵѡΣΪɹĵӡ
ߣһƣ˵ɹĵӣЦ
վ֮ϵ˾ͽףͺһϻϵĻ潻ģһ
ϻǿߣƳ
һ
ĻǲţҵĻأ
ʱһӰվڳһ࣬
ͷڣһϮĳۣվ߸ϵʣƺ
̫ӵ£
ɫһ䣬ôҲû뵽̫ɻңά
ͳʲôϵ
ʱ˲ԤС
̫ӣֺ˾ͽףüͷҲ
̫ɣңǿǺϻڣҲҵֺ
ɱ
ɿ˵
ৣৣৣ

Ժϻϻ֡˾ͽ֮£ϻڸ߲ɫ˲䡣
˵˵ĻǻŽɡ
̫˵Ļݲǲţ
̫ɣҲǲɹĺĵѡΣˣǺϻһһˣȴûκϢ
λ棬ҲûκϢ
ۿһĿ⣬޾ŭԼϣﲻΪԶһЦһҪһϢǾǺϻϼһлˣԶɹ
ϻˣĻЩ¡
ɱˣҲˡ
ǵ֪λҲˣ
л
ۿٴο̫ɵ˵ͷ
ܡ
ҡͷš
ûʲôܵġ
ЦǸϼһۿɱģΪϻնݳɹڷңɱҲùɹǿ߷Ƽɱɹڶ֣޴
ʦ
һ𣬱Ϊ֮ѪӿҲ̲סһѪ
ʦϻڵһǿߡ
ϻĿɽ
ڣˣ
Ҳζţӽϻڣ侳ǿ
û侳ĺϻڣȻǱһǿȴԶѷɫ
ǸлǵǿߣҲɱˡ
̼źϻˣϻϵĲ˼ͺȻ飬ޱȳ졣
Ȼ֪
һУֻһʼ
Сӣ
Ѫ֮ϣۿԺϻһڸ߲㣬ȫƿ˶Է̲סһ
ٻߣŸ߿֮ϣ緢ĳ̾˿
಻ʵ˵ز
ԽԽԶˡ
Ͳһ˰ɡ
뵽ٻһ۲ԶһİɫӰŮϢŮǰ˲κʱ֮⡣
ֻλʤѩŮӣ
ܿҲٻĲף˶ߣ̾˿
Ů˼᲻
̫ӵ¡
ѹеʹŭ𣬿ɣȴ֪Ϊ£
ڵ޲ñ𽫳ɱ
Ȼ̫ɾվڳߣŪ̫ɵ֮ǰ
˵ʧǿߣƮҡĺϻڣǹȥʢʱڵĺϻڣҲɣҡ
žž
ûлӦ˫֣໥¡


֮Уһ𶯣һ㣬ϵɢ
һīˣϢڿУϻ֮µкϻڸ߲㣬Χס
˷ʮ˸ˣĿѪޣ£͸¶ѪȵϢ
ʮ˽
ɫ䣬µʮ˵ݡ
ʮ˽ϻλ棬˾ͽ׺֣Ҳ¶˼ּɵ
ʮ˽ңǿߡ
ݴţʮ˽ÿһ侳ϵĴڣ侳ǿߡ

һϻڳϣǰŵˣŵغһ
Ҳһ
ݣ
ɫĽâϢӶ
ۣѪ쭽ϻڳϵĺϣϸ΢ѷ졣
ѷϸ
̫ӣʲô˼
ϻɫ䣬ɣĿ⾼


208 Ѫħ
ңʮ˽һû˵
Ϊһϻֹһ˵ʮ˽
ʮ˽ҵһ֧ǿֱۻƿأΨеۻʣ¡
գʮ˽ɴյһУеۻʵӰӡ
벻ۻΪҪ
ϻڣؼǰѪＸϻڵŵӼ¾һգ󣬻ǿǻʵˣ
벻ϻʲôطҡ
̫ӣʲô˼
ԣŻʳôһ仰
ɱ
߿֮ϣʮ˽ĳ֣Ҳһ
ȹȻϻǿʮ˽ǣƣѪ˼ɡ
ɱ
ɱ

ǧѪ׷ױȣԦǧѪ
һʱ䣬⽣Ӱǹתɣһϻڵӵ£Ѫɺӡ
ܶ
һϻڳϣۿԼ˵״ӣѪｫʿϻΣڵϦɫ䣬һȥԮ
䣡
ӡϢͷ£ϻڳϺ⡣
ʦ𣡡ǸϻڵӿһĻͫһɵˡ
һ̣ͱѪｫʿеıУ͸壬iʦĺ󳾡
ɱ¾ڼϻڣҵĽ
Ѫء

һĻϻʹ಻ѣԽܡ
գϻѪħ֣ҼŵӵĸܣڳԵζ˰ɡ
ƽؿżֿ⡣
㵽ʲôˣ
ɫˮ
ɱ
ʣﲢûʱ̫ɣ
ʮ˽ͬʱˣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һ棬ϻڸ߲㣬˾ͽסֺ֮⣬ȫ
ʮ˽硣
ȣĿ˳ҪԸ
ֻǣǰŸտͱʮ˽еˣסȥ·
㣡
˾ͽ׺֣ԦںͽҪΪȡɱĻᡣ
䣡䣡
µľ죬Ƴգںͽֱӱǵĳǹ
ǹ·Ʋ񷣡

˾ͽ׺֣µֻޱȣһ㡣
ۿȥ˳׷衣
˾ͽͷ֮ϣֶ£Ļͨ
һɲǣ˾ͽ̤նŭĻ١
ֵΧ𣬷·˺ѿ츳ͨǷͨ
侳ƴʮ˽еˣҲӷâæˣһ

䣡
µ죬һ֮䣬˾ͽ׺֣ښi˺ϻȥڳϵĺ󳾡
ϻһǿߣʹ䡣
ģкϻǧš
ʦ壡
˾ͽ˱ɱɫ䣬񣬿Žߵĳ
Ϊ֣ʮ˽ͬʱ
ʶֻҪԼжʮ˽ڵһʱ䣬ɱ
㡭ͻңʲôϵ
ΪϻһǴϻ֮ˡ
գѪ;֣˳ּɡ
ɲΪѪģѪûôӡ
ֻһܣ
ӵĻԭֻԪһֻССϡ
񣬲ֻܺƽԣл
ȵȡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ飬ڷ˲ԡ
Ԫա
ѵ
ʱǸʱǿߡǰеһЩˣʵһǿߡ
һˣ˵Ԥϡ
ͬǿˣǳţҲ֮ˡ
µĸԪ
ǸʱӵĹУΪõṫķġ
ṫ绪ǸʱӵˣǿУˣûܵõṫķģԪСӴܡ
ǵãʱǸ˼ʵСӣա
ǽС
ʲôˣ
ų·ҪȷԼеĲ²⣬Ƿȷ
ȻȻµҵݣҸס
Цˡ
ɹ·ϣʹԼĸ磬֪˸׳ʱľ
û뵽ԼĸףУôʵ

õ˳ȷϣһȻЦЦЦһֱΪֻһֻûϣЦЦû뵽Һϻڴǧ꣬󾹻ƿСЦЦ
׹ȻЦЦУ粽
һ·Ȫ
ʮ˽ͬʱ֣µ˺ѡ
ϻһʹ䡣
Ųգתռŵķ򣬳й£ĿᶨϣϣѪϣϡûʧϻڣֻһʼھȪ֮£úÿţһؽţּյĻԻ͡
ϣռŵķ򣬿һͷ
վ̤նɾĺϻڵӡ
ɱɱɱ

֮һ
Ϧ£ϻפ֮УֻʣѪȣʣһڡ
ϼѪɺӵĺϻڣгһѤĻ棬ֱͨء
ǧѪӺϻפӿǧѪ£ֻصѪ޴Ŀ
Ѫǰķ򣬲ɣǵķ
ռפڵķҲѪħڵķ
Ѫħš
У˸Щͽ
ͽ׵ģǰ졣
죬Ѫʦ𣬺ٻڼк޼ɡ
Ŵͷȴ󵹸꣬Ȼţʦ
Ѫħפء
ǰѪħŽȡ֮ڵѪħţҲ𽥵棬ʼŵӡ
ѪȾ̨Ҳϴ˸ɾȥ˿ۼ
̨һ࣬Ѫ̨
ռŵѪ̨ѪħŵѪ̨
Ѫ̨һ̤УζŲݡ
գѪ̨ϣӰ
ӣһˣһЩīĺۣԸɿݵӣż
һˣħӣ˫ͫѪ̨һЩѪħŮӣĿ¶⣺ʦֺ˧ҵˣܺͰʦֹȴֻһǶôҸ¡
֮䣬һЩѪħŮӣ˵ͷ촽
أһͽѡ
ԱһѪħеӣֹ
˵ʲô
ʦ֣

ʱѪħеӣһȺŮûŮһһɢȥʱϣֻһʬ塣
һĻΧѪħеӷ׷ɫ䣬̲ס˼


209 ͽ
Ѫħţħڡ
Ѫħŵӣħ֮ˡ
ħ֮ˣħӰ죬Ա壬̨ϵѪħеӣŭֱӱɱ
ħ֮˵ֶΡ
Ⱥ次ԸеѪħŮӣһŮޣΧе˱ᣬǡ
죬㾹Լһսѵ㲻
Ѫ̨ϣݸɿݵˣµ壬ޱȣʱն
Ǹ
ֻҪϤ˵Ѫħŵӣ֪ûͷģ޷˵
ƽʱֻø˽
ɳᣬ˭ħۡѪ顯أѪǴ֮Һʺʦãܽ͸ʦãڶʱڣ˳ͻƵ侳
İ죬վѪ̨ϣ棬
ѹ֣ʦҪսɳʦ֣ԭǿѪ顣
ɳʦħԸΪۣʧȥζ󣬲ſڣ۳Ѫ顭Ѫ飬̺ɳʦֵĴԼƵ봫˵еƬ֮ͬ
ʦҸ

̨֮ϣѪħеӣɵؿ˰һۡ
죬ΪֺһŮˣɳʦ֣ɳʦɱ
ɳᣬˣ䡣
ɳᣬһЦ
ߣ죬գҪҵѪ飬Ϳûбˡһ֪˵ô޴
ɳ˫˲ħǡ
ͷ֮ϣӴ֩Ӱ֣һֻӴħ룬ħϣīҺ壬һ۾ֻܿħ룬¶Ƕ
ϣէ֣ͷ֮ϣ츳ͨҲ֡


ɳһ𣬷֮𣬳졣
ͷ֮ϵħ룬һӰֱӰĶսһһʱֲʤ
ϵף̶ۣը
µ΢ƣȻ£ɳһơ
䣡
һ죬ײĳ˷Ӷˡ
ţٴαƷХһʱ䣬Ѫ̨ϣΧ֮˵ĶĤ
ʦֺǿ
ʦֽŶʮ꣬ɳʦֶʮˡ
ѵû˵ôʦ֣ѪħŽȡ֮ǰڼţǼΪʵ
ԣҲ˵ˣֻһСļŵ֮¡

ѪħŵĵӣĿתؿѪ̨ϵһսš

Ѫ̨ϣҽɳ
ɳᣬվͨѷɫڰһħͨĶֱӱ飬ͨɵɳᣬһѪͱһӡš
ɳᣬѪҵģ
¶аЦ䣬ǣֶ£ɳ᳹ɱ
ɱɳĿ֮£ֳƵХɳֱ֣˺ɳ¸ȡһö˸ŵѪӡ
Ѫ飡
һǵһμѪ飡

һĻ̨֮ϵѪħŵӣ
Ѫɾϣ¶Цݣֻһ̧ͷ̨֮ϵһ±ڡ
±һߣһµŮӣվ󣬻ѪħŮӡ
Ůòδٻȣ¡
ҪǣŮˣԸ޾ĻԻ͡
ţ
ŵض˺Ůӵǰ
ʦ㣡
û뵽ʦҲˡ
һΣʦָʦɳѪ飬ܵԸԳˡ
ʦ㣬̫ϳϵŮʦȢһɳ죡

Ѫħŵĵӣ׷ţһеӣĽؿ졣
ʦãˡ
΢Цϣż
šŮӵ˵ͷ
ʦã޸ҡ
һ̧֣Ѫ飬Ůӡ

̨ϵѪħŮӣ׷׵ͺһĽؿ˺Ůӡ
޸
޸
޸޸

һѪħŵӣ׷塣
ŮӣɬͷѪħŵӣǷ
ʦãģһúô㡣
ϣ¶ЦݣĿȴһײ⡣
ǰŮӵүүѪħ̫ϳϣΨһ侳ǿߡ
ƽʱѪħꡱ̫ϳʱҲǱϹϾ
ܳΪ̫ϳϵŮ֪ѪħеĵλڽߣյĿģ׷Ķ
֮ϣһӰУһС
졭
ۿ̨ϵѪħŵӣ飬ַǷǣ¶Ц
֮һϢǵϯѪħš
Ѫħŵ̫ϳϣ壬ѪħǿĴڣһϢ
Ůʮ֮ѪħŽܳӰס
һ£漰ΨһŮԣѪħΪ˼ΪӣͰĳʽϣ֤ˡ
һʯǧˣ
Ѫħţ𶯡
Ѫħţ塣
һƫƧϿ֮ڣ˾һ¶䣺û뵽Ķô죬̫ϳϵŮ㶨ˡ
ߣǴӼŷѹ֮ˣΪǾҪ˵裬죬ܳΪ̫ϳϵŮ
ò˵ֶκܸߣҪȻҲòķġ
˱ˣˡ

Ǽˣǰŵļŵӡ
ʯϵŵӡ
Ǳ˼ţΪѪħŵӺ󣬾͹˼µûǡ
УǾͽһҲ޷ı䡣
ǰ˱ˣǲǰͲãԼǰ죿
䵭ƾ쳹Ͽȡ
һ紵ϿȣһЩҡһӰڼ˵ǰ
ʲôˣ
㡭
ڣˣھ֮󣬶ϳǰӡ
ȥҼżˣȫˡ
ץס׸Ǿˣ
һˣĿͺ񿴵׸󣬵õ޾ʹ͡
ˣҲЩ⶯
ֻǣ뵽ղŽʱĹֶΣЩɵ
ץң
Ŀ⣬˵ҪץϣĿĮգ㱳ţͶѪħţѵû˿ΣɲţرŵģΪ˻Ը£踺أҲˣ㾹ץң׸Ѫħꣿ
ߣ
·˵˵ʹɫһ䣬֣һ
ž
һĳһ𣬶ʱֻһ˳ȥ
侳
ʣµļˣɫ䣬˼ؿų
ǰŴȣչֳ˵ʵʱҲ侳ضѡ
ֻʱ䣬ʹ侳أԽ侳ˣ
ڵصˣɫ䣬ʶٵĳǹȥĳ
ڵĳ侳ǿߡ
ۿһԼɫ䣺ɱңɱҡҵģԶǼŵģԶǣұţֻȨ֮ƶѣҲΪűģģġңң


210 Ů
㣿
˵Ъ˹ǣһƷЦ
ˡ
ڳ۳ɵ޺ۣת⼸ˡ
ͨ
󣬽ˣͷأѪȪһ㣬ӿ
ӣ
ϿڵļˣĿУ˿־壬һȥ
ֻǣ˵ϿΨһĳڣͷֳ͵ٶȣǿˡ
ŹǣŹǡ
ţǾ͵ǲ
л˭֮£ܹǣ

˻˵ʱҲʶǳԸŹǣԳʵǱɡ
ϵķЦ
һ̣·˵Ϊ¶ġϡһȺҲԸתͶŵļŵӡ
ͬΪŵӣʯϵΪǾŹ
ǣɾ
⼸ˡ
ˣˣˣ

̧֮ⷢ˲䣬Ƶ⣬޿ײ룬ǰͽĺϣ˳ķ϶
ܿ죬϶Ѫߡ
Ѫӿ
ʬ壬ӶȻء
Įɨ˵ϵļʬһۣ粽뿪һƧϿȡ
ʮ֮ô죬һһĻ񡣡
ǣ¶Цݡ
ʮ֮ǧѪӦҲˡ
硣ճϿȣʤѩŮӣӰΣڳߡ
ɶҴȥǰĵط
ǣɶ֣΢Ц
šɶɵͷ磬ԳΪġ
ԭפһ࣬ͨϣɽɡ
ɽ⣬һƬ̣ïʢľݣɽУǣɶ֣С
Ȫɣ
յСľݣԱɹࡣ
ͨ
ȪӿˮܽذŮӣˮվ
ŮԼĪʮ꣬毺ãԸУҶһŮٻʤһ
ɶв硣
Ůһǳɫɴ类ȪȪˮʪǰһ˫΢΢ϣһ˵Сӣң֣¸֮һĨڣ͸¶޾ء
ʲôˣ
Ůһ֣Ȫһĺ·ϣϵã׵ס
·ɱ˵Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
Ϊ֣ͻȻˣȪʼעû뿪
ħ֮ˣһֱȴǽԺãȫûһգԼӣᱻһ˿⡣
һʲôأҹȥĵط뿪һʱ䣬û뵽ͱռˡ
ﵭɨŮһۡ
ɽʱͷˣһ侳ߣ
ҵ֮أ㾹˵֮أҲģ
ŮԾȪĿضų
û´Ҳɽ棬꣬ˣ
̲סһЦû´ǰŮӣӦѪħŵӡ
ͻȻ﷢֣ɶԼ֣˽
Ѿͷ
ﰵЦĻ֪ɶǳԴˡ
ɨǰѪħŮһۣУ֡
ȻǰŮӺȻڳУѪħŵӣѪħŵˣĵˡ

ǳ
ʱŮһ˫ӣ·ҹеǳų
ʶң
һ벻ͨǰŮӣϵ
Ȼһţżϼһƴӻ֮ˣ᲻ʶ
Ů¶ЦݣĿ⣬ܿ˳ϣû뵽ǰ侳ߣͻƵ侳ˡ㣬ɱҰɣ
˵ŮӣЦЦų죬ǵһμ棬㿴ҵ壬ռҵıˣ㻹Ҫɱң
Ѫħŵӣ
ϣƳƵ֣Ƕ
Ҹ˵ɱңŲţ
ԳĶŮӳ費ʼգ϶żЦ⡣
ߣ
һƵźŮ£ŷƥĵƣ˿ΪһŮӶ֡

ŮǰһںµӰ֣ħһ˲ͻ˳Ĺ
һλں֮ˣɿݵϣһ˫˸ɺ֮ɫ
һȣվٲȻڡ
侳ǿߣ
ɫ䣬ôҲû뵽Ѫħое侳ǿߡ
СѪħš
ߣһߣԾ֮£Ĺȣת˲֮䣬ǻ˹һݷĶߡ
ಣһֱӳ
磡
վڳߵɶ˶ںһķ𣬷֣ͨĹȻĶߡ
䣡
ֻһ棬˿ɶ˼ɫס
ϲ
һУ׹֮䣬һʱ䷴Ӧĳһͷ֮ϣѪͨ֡
ֻǣѪͨ۳֮ǰ³ĺóĸ۳Ѫͨޡ
һʱ䣬ֻоѪӿ𶯣һѪ³
ͨɣ
磡ɶͺҡҡ׹壬˾ǿ֮𣬷֣ͨ
ɶķͨiʹĺ󳾣ͨɣˡ
ۿߴɶѪӿĳֻüǰһվɶǰɽΪڷ絲ꡣ
ţɱ
ʱĺŮӳˡ
ɱ
˲䣬ͣԼĶֻǣĿ⣬ܿɽ֮⣬·ʲôֵһ㡣
һ̣Ӱûʧɽ֮С
СӣСֺɹӻҲɱ㣡
Ĵڳóɫ䡣
ʲôˣ
֪ɹӻѵ֪Լɹĵӣ
оʵǿޱȵԽԽˡ
Ѫħŵˣ
ǣҪѪħţ¾Щˡ
Ϊʲôɱң
ǰĺŮӣʡ
Ҫɱ練ơ
벻ͨղɱŮӣתۼ䣬ǧһ֮ʣ֡
Ҫʲô
ΪʲôҪɱ㣬Ҹг𣿡ŮЦˡ
ܿ죬Ŀڳߵɶϣʱŷ֣ߵλŮӣòʤ֡
ܴ
Ҫ֪ȥûòϣܺȵŮˡ
Ѫħŵ֮ŮѪħ̫ϳϡ塱ŮųѪħŵһŮŮˣҲ
ڣֻǼòϿԸȵŮˣŮˣҪÿ
̲ס𼸷ּʡ
Ѫħŵӣղһɱ㣬㹻ɱҡüͷ
ôɱ㣿ɱ㣬㻹ôѪħű𣿡
ĻŮЦøӲá
㡭
ֻоһңŮˣʲôˣ
˵ѪħŵӣЩ


211 ֽ
ǲңǲѪħŵӣ
Ůӷ·ܿ͸˼Ŀиֳֽƻ֮ɫ
ǲѪħŵӣûκȤ
ɨŮһۣǣɶ裬תɽӶ
Ůû뵽ôɴ࣬
ιҽСֽסˡ
ۿͷҲأȫ뿪ߣֽЩƲ֣һ˼ҵӣҪɱ˼ҡߣֽȤˣܴӵ
ŵӣɫʵˡ
ֽѪħţ˵˳¼Ҳ̲ס档
ڵħ֮УҲûֹ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أ
ȥȻ̤侳ңһ侳
С㡣
֣ٴ
ţղȥˣֽʡ
С㣬ūȥһλˡ˵
ѣֽһССŻѣ
ǿֽĺ棬˵ɹˡ
ɹ
ֽȻɹˣܱų֮Ϊѵģǵ侳һĴڡ
ţɹˣİɣ
ֽղ뿪ǰ˵Ļһ뵽һ𣬴ϻ۵óһŵĽۡ
ǱСӵġ
˵ͷСɹĺĵӣɹı᪹ԵҪӻ֮ˡԣղžСûֹҲɱ
ֽһ˫ӣתû뵽ǰһļŵӣֻһΪͻƵ侳ǵõɹ᪹ıӻм䣬϶һЩȤ¡
ȷʵȤܵõ᪹ıӻƾһʵɹǰʱĺĵѡϣո¶ͷǣֻѡλеڶ
żָп
λѿУ֪˳ɹһС
ʮͷˣܻ˳ɾͣе𺳡
ʲô
ֽݣʱʶԼС˳
ȻͨɹǰʱĺĵѡΣ
ɹĵѡΣĿĺڣһ˻֪᲻֪
ţһΪħӡס޷̽ΪڵΪ
ֽţЩ档
侳أŵżָɬ
ֽסˣ侳أ
ʱ䣬侳أԽ侳أ
桭
˾ȡ
ҶԽԽȤˡ
ֽһ۳ȥķǳЦӯȻ
С㣬һγ֣ѪħŴȷѪ꣬Ҳʱ뿪ˡֽ
ţȥһЩº󣬾͸뿪
ֽ˵ͷ粽߳ɽ
߳ɽʱֽݣȫˣһ˶һͨòͨѪħŮӡ
ǰ
֮ϣ֮أǰգ
֮Уһ׳˶ǵڳһ뿪ɹûʱɱһƬ֮˵ɹǿߡ
ʱ侳ǿߣת֮䣬Ͷǰλǿɱ
ǰû뵽ѪħŻе侳ǿߣʱҪæ֡
￴׳˶ˣ˵
˵Ǹ׳˶ʡ
ǰ֪һ
ģѪħŵ£֡Ѫħŵˡ
˳һ䣬׳˶ˣٴ֮Уʧ
Ѫħŵˣ
Ȼ
λ֮ΪС㡱ŮӣҲѪħŵˡ
ɶû°ɣ
ؿɶʡ
ɶҡͷЦú𣺡磬ûµġ
ͷǾͺá
磬˵ǻʲôˣɶʡ
Ҳ֪
ҡͷǸԳơֽĺŮӣ͸¶أ׽͸
ǣɶ֣£Ѫħפ塣
ţ
ͻȻǲʲôĿ⣬֮ڣһɫæӰ档
һͨòͨѪħŮӣֻǣȴȫסˡ
ΪѪħŮӣһϤĸо
ʶ
һȻ
ѹ־ôϤԭòͨѪħŮӣǸղżλֽ
ֽ֪ʲôˡݡЧ
Ȼֽ󣬳﷢֣ȺѪħŵӣһһɱ󣬲ߡ
ԶԶؿֽɽߣûٴɶȥ
ֽߵԴĵ׸еɵ
ţ
ڳ׼ɶʱ뿪ѪħʱɽӰ
ƶˣʧ
뿪ˣ
ЩȣɲΪֽΪ뿪ġ
뵽֮ǰɹλǿߵĻȻˡ
ֽȷʵѪħŵ¡
Ǹֽʲôˡɹλǿߣʱƺɵ
̲ס²⡣
ɹǿ߶ɵ֮ˣѵǻĴ֮ˣ
ǻǿ֮ˡ
ʮʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥ
Ѫħţ̨֮ϣһ磬;Ѫħŵӣޱȡ
ƽʱ̨֮ϣѪħһٮٮԼŻȽ֡
գȴûκҪԼѪħ̫ϳϵŮҪ޸ѪħŽܳӡ족
û뵽쾹нգлһΪ̫ϳϵŮļ϶Ժ϶ù
̨һ࣬һѪħŵӣߵˡ
ߣ죬Ϊ̫ϳŮǰ㱻ѹţĻǳΪ̫ϳϵŮѹһͷѵҾ
һ˫ӣ·ˣ֮
ռʯϵһˡ
ޣл
ŴͷлΪʯϵһˣһ˼š
ΪһʵҲõԭŴϣѪħꡱãѪħУͷʢ
л˵𣿡
뵽ռŵǸߣΪռŵŵӣԴĵ׸еɵ
缫ͼλԸ˼
ֻǣ˼֮գЩͽֽԴ
ٸҹجоѣε˳ʱѪħֵ췭ظЩͽܵĳͷ
ΣΪһ֮߸Ѫħţ
лЦѪħţԴīʯ۹̻պ󣬳Ҫطīʯ۹ġ츳ǲҲֻ侳ǰչֳ츳ʷϣжǿߣʮ꣬һΪ̤侳أȻʹֹǰֱϣ
츳棬Ƕԡơ򣬲΢֮ƣһ̤侳
һϣлзȨ
侳أͣһʱ䣬ֱǰű֮󣬲΢֮ơ
ʽ̤侳


212 
Ըˡ
лһ˵꣬˵˵ͷŵģҲ
գѪħ̫ϳϵŮޣ̨֮ϣӿ
ˣ
ܿ죬Ѫħŵۼ⣬꣬Ѫħųϣն̨׼õĸ̨ϡ
̨֮ϣľǽǴġ֡֡
գѪħŽܳӰ죬̫ϳŮ֮գҺ꣬Ϊǵ֤ˣֽյĳʽ
վڸ̨֮ϣ̺˳ȥ

·ڳźĻԶ߿գӿ
һӰȳ֡
õˣһ۾ϳ֮ˣǰ졣
ֻǣİ죬ͬһϲ
ǡ
ܿ죬̨֮ϵѪħŵӣ׷ͫһ
ΪǿԶ߿գƾճһΣβû̧֮УβŰ콵̨
ݻն滹һλ侳ߡ
Ҫôǿʵ
죬
콵̨һ̨֮ϣԵȴĺ
ϲ֮գ˶񡣡
֣΢΢һЦ
ʱ֮У߳Ӱ
һˣһλŮӣò绨ѪħŹϵĵһŮ
Ѫħ̫ϳϣŮ
ҲΨһˡ
ˣ̫ϳ϶Ůν簮¡
ʱŮһλˣ̤¡
յˣһϲۡһīĳۡ
ڳѪħŵӣ̲סĿ
ˣѪħ̫ϳϣ塣
⻹ǵһμ̫ϳϴķΣŮϲһЩϣҲЭ

Ժ΢΢ͷ
̫ϳϣǷ
壬ѪħΨһ侳ǿߣѪħҲҵ
ȻһԭǾС͸̫ϳߡ̫ϳϣһ̶ϣʦ
λ̫ϳϡ

ߵŮӣոԺ
ӽмˣϣͰִ֣֮ͷϡ
Ů˵
л
Ͱ졣һͬ
ʦֺʦ㣬з࣬ʱĶһ¡
û뵽ѪħŵһŮʦ㡣ˣ
̾ʲôʦղޣѵֵ㣿
ǣ⡣

ѪħŵһŮ̫ϳϵŮһͷΣѪħеӶԣջ
գˣòѪħеӣȻˡ
󣬽ҹкܶеӽ
̨֮ϣѪħ£ųʽ
һˣ̫ϳ徴󣬿˸̨ϵ꣬Ѫħ೤ϣЩǵĳҪһһ衣
ϣʼգƵᣬ·ƶ
ֻǣаһ˫ӣȴ
ڵﲢƽ
ӽ죬Ϊ̫ϳŮѪħУλߣҲҪ֡
ӽҵҪ˭ҷҰǡͽ
һ㣬ǰͻġ
գ˼ţֻǱѪħŵӿ𣬾תͶѪħŵļŵӣһҲ
ϾʦǼŵ棡
Сܵ˼ĪĶݣнա
еİǡ
̨֮ϣڣ
ţ
ͻȻ̨֮ϣѪħ̫ϳɫһ䣬ն
Ĳ豭Ҳ˷飡
촷ۣ
̫ϳϣ
Ѫħ֮£ѪħŸ߲㶼Щ⣬ôˣ
ܿ죬ǵɫҲˡ
Ϊʱ˿̨̣֮ϣһӰ𽥵¶Ӱ
һʮˡ
ʮˣںɫװ֮£Ŀǵ̨еĸ̨֮ϡ
ʲôˣ
Ѫħ̫ϳϣ壬ʮ˸꣬żּɵ
ֻǣѯʣʮһ
ɫΪѿȴҷǰʮˡղ̽ʮ侳أ侳ء
µһʱͻᱻɱ
λǲҴطˣ
ʣ·𻹱һ˿롣
̨֮ϵգޱȡ
ʮʲôˣ̫ϳϺ񶼼Ϊɵǡ
ʲô
֪߲ơѵˣ˲õˣ˻

һѪħŵӣţǰһУ˵Ԥϡ
Ѫħ꣬Ѫħһڸ߲㣬նվ̫ϳߣʮ˸໥š
ѪħţǾûҴط
ʱԶȴ̨˼ž
ʮλǿߣȻΪѪħŶ
һʱ䣬Ѫħ˵Ŀ⣬֮
֮ӰУղŵĻվм˵
ԼĪʮͷĿޱȡ

ʱ꣬ѪħУ˻ϳ˳
Ѫħꡢа졢лȼͽǶϳ˳
շУʩչ侳еֶΣʶѪħ֮ˣﶼ̲סһ
ǰ侳ߣ侳ǿˣ
̨һ࣬лվɫ
ǰ˵ͻƵ侳ѡ
ڣ֣չֳ侳һΪֱǳظһơ
㣡
Ѫħ̫ϳ壬ϳ˳ɫһ
ǰѪħϻ֣Ÿȡ֮
ʱ˼ҵķУŵļϼһƴһ˳ȥ
ˣǰ֮ˡ

ˡ
ţţҲڣ
һЩͽϳţ̲סͺ
ǵļţǱΪū
λŮӣ
ѪħŵӣŮߵɶ
ǿλŮӣò˫ѪħŵһŮǰһֻСѼ
ϡŶӦý
̤նѪħ꣺Ѫħŵϲ£ǲ˼
ҪΣ
ɫһ
ĳ֣ԤϣҪǣһΪٲȻ̤侳
һ棬մ̫ϳе֪Χʮ˸ˣ侳ϵĴڡ
̲סһš
ѵʮˣҵġʮ˽
ֻǣʮ˽ΪҪ
̫ӵ£
Ŀ⣬תƵߵʱɫ䡣
ƺණ
̫ɶˣʮ˽ġ
ֻǣΪҪ
̫ӵ£
ʱһѪħŵӣĿ⼸ͬʱڳߵϡ
ЩѪħŵӣ֮ˣ֮׵̫ɣԴĵ׾η
̫ɣУž޵
񣬳Ѫħš


213 ¹ͷ
ƽվ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
̫ӵ£ʮ˽ǰѪħʲôĲܵĵط
Ѫħ꣬ؿɡ
ѪħţԴīʯ۹٣Ȼ̵īʯ۹ѪħŸ󣬻ָڣҲͿĶѡ
УңѪħǲģ
ǵѪħţīʯ۹ţң䲻ڼɵȴҲԸǡ
ҽգģʲô˵ɡ
ɵصͬʱߵĳһۣܣԺʲôҪ󣬾ֱ˵룬ǿ϶ܾġ
΢ЦͷĿںϡ
꣬Ѫħ
յļŴϡ
̼ǵãӾ۱³ʱĶӺʹ
ŲţҲһ߻
ɻһ䣬ɫ䡣
Ȼ̫ͬʱĴ㡣
׿˵̲סļ¡
ôɴߵģ
ңɻʮ˽ǰʮ˽ɶҵĵۻʣܵĴڡ
Ҳ˵ʮ˽ǰеۻ⡣

꿴Ȼں޲ýɱж˿顣
ҲףһУֻ롣
ڵĳǹȥĳңǿµ
ҵǳû֪
һԿ϶ǵ۹и󶥼֮ˣҲҡ
ʹ
˫ӡ
գһμʱֻǼеһͨŵӣ꣬ǼŴϣ߸ϡ
Ѿվ˲ںĸ߶ȣһ˾ԵȨ
ҪΣʡ

Ļ̲סЦЦУż
һ̣·ֿ˵̨ϣŵһµ龰
һĻĻǶô
һҲˡ
һЩŵӣʮ塢꣬żŴͷ춾̨һһ¡
ʹգϺϻڣǿѹҼţҼѪɺӣĵȥλġڣңҪΣ㲻ãĻЦô
˵֮䣬͸¶ķ̡
˺ϻڣŸ𣡡
һĿ⾼ųһУΪ浱ѪħţһУΪԼŸҲΪд
Цˣǰʹ߸ϣȻд
䣬޷֮⡣
˿֮£㣬ѪħҲԸ⾡ΪֻҪѪħűȻ㣬Σ
仰ڣڳѪħŵӣһƬš
̨֮ϣɫɷףŸ߿֮ϣѹѪħ괭ĳȫǲʡ
꣬Ѫħżλ棬ƴͳ뿪
һĻþͻ
ʦѪڣΪ˳ƴ
գǿޱȣߣͬǿ̫ɣ·Ϊס
̫ɣһ绪֮ס
Ҫ
ɾһԶΪհ

˼ʡ
ʳ츳ʳļʳһС
ΪʲôΪʲô
Ϊʲôôƽ
һкõģ˳
һΣʻȼն
һҲûʹ
գǿƹĳȫǼʡ
Ŷ
һϿҡĻЦˣʹ㵱ʲôԸң
ͷǡ
ڵĳѾǹȥĳ
ֻһ侳Ϊ󣬸˻Ϊɽ
ʮ˽㳲ԿۻʶԳĿأǼ˻ңңǿ츳
ܺá
ͷĿ⣬۶£ڸ̨ϵİϡ
죬ĿɨԤУæͷ
Ҫð죬¹ͷ
￪ڣ˵
һ䣬̨һƬš
¹ͷ
Ǭ½ߣֻعĸʦ
ϥлƽ
ৣৣৣৣৣ

һ˲䣬һĿ⣬ȫڸ̨ϵİϡ
˶棬죬¹ͷ
Σ
ӣ˷ŭһ
ʹڵӣԸΪ밡
Ҳ죬꣬һЦ
ǷЩǿˣ
üڵİ죬̫ϳϵŮ㲻ҲҪ˼̫ϳϡ
Цˣʹղ˭˵ʲôԸҵģôڣ뷴ڣ
˵˫֮䣬ɱ˸
·ϳ֮Уʮ˽ϣƳʮ˹صġơֶ£̨֮ϵѪħŵӣһɫɷס
Ϊģֱ̱ڵأ°ĭ
ŭԣĿ⣬̫ܿϳϡ塱ϡ
̧ͷɳƵ̨ѪħԸԸʹ˷ŹѪħţ
ﵭһЦǡ

Ŀ⣬˰ϡ
һ̫ϳϾ¹ͷ
̫ϳϣҰ죬
̧ͷ¹
ţһ֮
˲Ѫħźð˵Ļ͹ֲˡ
״̾˿
¹򣡡
죬¹򣡡
㲻ô˽Ϊţ죬¹򣡡

Ѫħŵӣ
ˣǿضἤŭŴѡ

ЦһȺ¹Ѫħŵӣ񶾵Ĺ⻪
ãҸ¹򡣡
ͻȻ̤նڡ
ڰͻȻı⣬ڳѪħŵӣ˿
䣡
˭֪ڰ쿿ǣһƺ䲻⣬̺źޱȵơ
죡
Ѫħ̫ϳ壬׷ɫ䣬Ҫֹ죬ȴˡ
죬̫ˡ
̨ϵѪħŵӣһƬţһĿ¶֣ǰɱ˳ѪħŽѡ
ŵĲҾ磬Ѫħݡ
һЩѪħŵӣǿʼ̨ȥ
ǲ
ҰҲҪﵱ汳
ȫһƺͬʱҲڳը죬żֲȻĿ⡣
죬ƾʵɱң
ЦˣЦúܲá
԰Ѹޱȵһƣ𣬳ƵȻ¡
ƥĵƣڣ׾٣ͽһ¡
ֻˡ
šꡱһ̶Ĺ𣬰һĲҽУƵı۰򣬱Ӳ˺


214 ֮
ݼƵᣬƵ£˰ƴһƣһ۰˺¡
չֳڵʵ
̲סɨܿ죬ǵõԼҪĴ𰸡
侳أ
Ѫħ꣬ңڣ·⣬Ϊλһ˿سʮ˽
ǰš
ʱ򣬳츳ȻΪҲһ㣬侳ضѡ
ȻĽգ侳أ
īʯ۹ʷУҲû˵˭ٶô졣
Խ󣬾Խѡ
侳ֻΪҪԡơкĸ
ܡ
·ֹѪɶϱȱڴѪӿȫǲ˼顣
գŴȣڳΪ衣
գҪ⣬˱˼Ҫѩܡ
˭֪ڳǰûκλ֮
ܸоղųֻֻ֣һСһСˣȫʩΪղſ¶ֱӽɱ
죬㽫ϣŴʱһܡ
ﵭɨ˰һۣգΣ
һʤ߿ܣɱɱϻʲô
к˸Ӱ죬ͺһ£
һưΪ


¡¡
ʱϣƳ죬졣
Ŀ֮£壬ĵѹ䣬󣬾ǱӲѹù֮Уһʣǹ

첻ģͼվȻڳǰ̫Сˡ
侳һأ侳ؿ⡣
ž
̧֣ܿôֵģͷƫһߣ
˰һ⡣
һƣǰѪϴġ
Ű죺գѪϴ㣬ӣ㲻ֻϧƾѪϵͷҫҲˣŴ֮գѪϸԸΪһѪ죬ֻǱţѪϣͽתͶѪħš㣬л⣿
ؽҧͼվֻǣζ壬˿
ΪҪڣ
ŭȻһЦŴ޽ʤ߿ܣֲɵΪҪΪ᣿һֻΪ׷ǿ伫ҲΪдҰ죬û
׷ǿ
Цˣ·Ц
Цʲôŭ
Ц㲻֪ߵغ񣬾ƾ㣬׷ǿӶ޷֮ˣ죬Ҳ̸ǿ
ﲻмЦգڿ˵ҳϣǷգЩȫ㣡㣬죬ǰǷϣһ

ƣŭޱȣ˫ͫ
޷ѳ
ôŭˣ
ɨ˰һۣݻ־죬
߿֮ϣӸ£Źڵصİ죬һڽѵ
̨֮УѪħŵӣһĿɿڴ
лɫѿ
ߵǸˣجεˣɫף˫Ȳϴ
һ̣֣Լξôʵ
ĹˣŲһ
Ѫħǿ࣬лҵʮ˽ѹѪħǿߡ
죬ټѪħţƨҷһ
ǷǷ
첻߻صųĻ
װõͦġ
ﵭɨ˰һۣ·𿴳ʲô
ۿ컹ҡͷԣϵ˵ԼǷ̧֣Ƶ֣Įװɵһնɱ
Ϊװɵӹһ
ʱһ𣬻ָ˳̬
ĿУ¶޾ĳޡ
ܺңЦ
첻ᡣ
һ۰ϵϲۣﵭһЦҲˣտĴϲ֮գӭȢ֮ˣѪħ̫ϳϵŮ𣿡
˵￴һ۸̨ϵŮӡ
Ѫħ̫ϳŮ
ڳʱʹסˣۿһһɷȻŭȴҲףʲô
үүѪħǿĴڣҲֻԹۡ
ֺο
죬ȥڼţѪΪɽ㱳ѼţתͶѪħţѰµĿɽò˵ֶĲ
￴Ű죬һһ䣬˰˼
Ҫɱɱ
Ӻͳޱȡ
ɱ㣿Цˣɱ㣬һҵ֡
㡪
챻ѪӿɫǺ졣
̫ϳϡ
Ŀ⣬ܿڲԶϣһЦ죬Ҽͽ봦ȴ־ûԼ֡ȴ֪̫ϳǷԸͣ
巴Ӧɫһ䡣
ö
ɱԼŮ
ʱԷԼŮĿ⣬Ƶؿ
ô̫ϳϲԸ⣿Цˣ˫һ졣
ҿԴ͡ʱѪħ꣬ǰһ
ʹС£ͲҪ鷳ˡ
û꣬ڿ壬Ŀ⵭Ȼû֪Щʲô
ʵ뷨ܼ򵥡
죬ҪѪħλ˵ɽ
ڣҪðĿɽֽɱ
οѪ֮顣
廹ڳɣһЦ̫ϳϣ죬ȥһλӵʦȻŴͷȴԼʦתͶ£ԺѪħѣ϶ҲһѪħţɽ
ô̫ϳϣѵ㻹Ҫҽ˰㣿
ﻰһ䣬ʮ˽ٴ˶塣
·ֻҪٳɣͻɱһ㡣

ڶˣһ£صƣһȦȦѹ˰졣
ͫһû뵽ҪɱɱŮ
ϸոֲּȻ䡱һ󣬰壬֮ը֧顣
յļͽգĿĽ㣬ѪħеӼʵİ죬ųǿ߽٣ɣ
Ѫϣ㿴𣿡
ۿŰĲ֮£ģǰδе
żλȻ𾴵档
Ѫϣ
ţѪܿһĻػο
ǵãӣתͶѪħʱѪ޾ŭ𣬷·ܽһжȼ
գѪϵԸΪɱͽ

̨ϵԭذΣڷӦ˻үүҺ㣡Һ㣡
ɷ򣬱𾴵үүɱˡ
ȻҲ֪үүȲѣ޷Ȼ
ڵأһ˫ħƣ׺ݵĿ⣬֮ϵĳϡ
ˣɷ
Ĵ֮ա
գһĵӡ
񣬳ɷļա
Խܡ
Ȼע⵽ݶĿ⣬ᣬĿ⣬̨֮ϡ
˽еһˡ
л


215 
лѾڿΣȴû뵽ᱻ﷢֡
ｫҳɲΪҪȲ衣
ɱңɲף
л·֮𣬱˵̨һֱ̨³ȥӶͬʱһյʦֵǣǲŹЩͽģҲӣ
лһ£ʱ̨֮ϣ
ʮӰ̨֮⣬˷Ӵܶȥ
ǿƹɱֵлռʯϵŵһˡ
лҲк³
֪ȻԴС
һӣһ
Ǿãӵ𣿡
ķЦ̶̺ըףѪħ塣
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

·ڳгķЦ̨ڣҵ̨ϵѪħ̲סĲ
ңضɽҡ̨·Ҫݡ
һը죬أ̨һεѹ֣Ѫħеӵͷ
Ѫ
߿֮ϣѪħ꣬ɫ䡣
ϡѪˮһĺ֪ʱ֮ӿƬ֮󣬾ٽ̨֮ϡ
ϳʲô
УǿľӣǧѪ
ۿʮͽճ̨ͱǧѪѹһ̯̯ѪˮУ̲סһ˿
ףб
ڣֻϣسŵŹѪħһ
ֻҪԸŹѪħһԸӵеһУһط
¡¡
صľ𶯣һϵӰͣЪ
̨֮ϵѪħŵӣۿȥֻһۣͿǰЩˣЩڻ·ȾѪ֮ϣɢɱ֮⣬һ֧ǿѪӡ
Ѫ
ܿ죬һЩϳǰѪӵѪħŵӣͫһ
ǰǧѪϻڣںϻɱ˸췭ظҲţǿľӣеɵޱȡ
գǧѪ̤Ѫħš
ǧѪ̨ΧΧˮйͨ
ʲôˣſң
ʱԶ߿գлڿлص
̧ͷȥֻһ·ص׳˶ӰӥץСһ㣬лi͵̨֮ϣлӵ˳ǰ
лǰ
ɹλӵͨǿߡ
š
˵˵ͷתȥiӰ𽥵ػӰû֮С
ֶΣѪħŵһڸ߲㣬׷ɫ䡣
侳ǿߣ
Ѫħ̫ϳϣΪ侳ߣһۣͿ˵ǳ
ˣ׷ɫ䡣
ٴοУֻļɵ
ߣǿߡ
侳ǿߣ
Уֻл֮Уе侳ǿߡ
ȻΪղλǿߣҲҵǿߡ
Уֻʣ»ںޡ
һμʱûͳ﷢ͻ
һʼ£ΪҲ˵

̫
ľѳۣ޷ı䣬ҲףԼλںޣҲá
лռʯ֮ϣλеһ֮ˡ
Ŀ⣬лϡ
ȻûлȻлͷŵһĻԶҲˡ
һ̣ҶУȫεı
Ҷӹʯ俪ʼ˾
պܾҪΪŻ
лɵؿų
ֻϧɲţԴţŹҲˣ˿Σ嶯ŵš
￴лĿ絶·ʱҪл˺
ߣ
·ʶԼ³лҲſˣɵһǰڼӣ֪ղͬ˴ɽֻǣΪͿлʹˣ
գţֻΪ̰ҳϡ
㡭˵Һ嶯ŵţһ㣬˵ͨɣǱԸŹλӰ죿
лڣκμĻᡣ
Цˡ
գŴʱ;л򵥡
лҲ֤ʵ뷨׾پͻսİ졣
񣬸˵һҲ벻
ٶ࣬кãͽͽǲʵ
һɨлֱԵ
лЦˣҾͽθɣˣҲֻռеһͨӡɱң㣬ûʸָң
ûʸ𣿡
Цˣ֪ʱʯ̧𣺡лҲŵӣöʯ䣬ϵã
ʲôʯ䣬ٹŪ飬Ҫɱ㡭ţʯ䣡
лڣֻǣĿ⣬ڳеʯʱ̲ͫסһ
ǰöʯ䣬εϤ
ǵãﻹڼפصʱҶʯ䣬ö
ʯ䣡

ʯ䣬Ҷ쾹֮λ˳
лϳʯͬʱҲϳʯ䡣
һһݣ
֮£ºưոݡ
ڣֻϣسŵ
˵ֻҪѪħŹѪħš
ڣ㻹ûʸָ㣿
￴лʡ
лɫȻһȻǼȻʸָңͽ
˵лĿ⣬临ӡ
գ뼫ţתͶϻڣҲΪ˻
ΪǬ½Ψлţδˣʲôûˡ
㣬Բðɡ
￴лĿĮ
лվǵͷԲҲǱȽϸɴ
ʣһĨӹĺϣķ϶
϶УѪӿ
лʬ壬Ȼ£ݺݵ̨֮ϡ
ѪħŵӣһĿתؿҪ֪ô
񣬼ŵͽȫˡ
ˣԼǵҽǾ
Ŀ⣬̨֮ϣޱȣˣٲǧѪͬѪħŵӣΪƽأ
ǧѪ
һڣ̨ΧǧѪ̤ǰ̨һƬ𶯡

Ѫħ̨꣬
ɲϣΪͽѪħˮ֮С
ܿ죬̨䣬Ѫħŵһ㣬㿪ˡ
ˣǳ֮ˣļͽ
ʣµļͽǧѪ̨̤·ϣѹɱ
ӣ
ͽһۣ׷ڿն
ˣҲռʯϵٮٮߣ̤꣬侳
˷·õһ㣬Ӵܶȥ
䣡
Ѫħ̫ϳ壬̤նµֶ£һͽɱ
Ҳ˶һͽɣ
һͽҲѪħһλϺɱ


216 ѹ
Ѫħŵ˳֣ΪŻﲢ֡
Ѫħ꣬Ǵˣ֪ʲôʲô

꿴ѹͽѪħţǨ˵أ˵ع黹šͬʱԸ⽻ʮöƷԪʯϣܲǰӡ
Ʊǿֻܷ
ǼǲԸŹѪħţҲ
ͽ
Цˣӣںϣ꣬ûǴҲҼŵ˰ɣǸ߸ϵĴϡһǵãվ̨֮ϣӶˣƾ輫Ŵϡִϵݣɵ硣
ɫһ䣺ǸӶˣѪħŵˣֻǱڼжѣ㲻Ǽŵˡ
˸ǷЦһ𣿡
ɱ
ں꾪ɲʱ򣬳һȣ쳹̨
ųһȣ̨ΧѪｫʿڶˣ·˳ɫĺӿ̨֮С
ǧѪݣɽӣ
֮Ѫħŵӷ׷ױѹһ̯̯Ѫˮػ۳һĺ
Լٶš

һĻúѪħĿѡ
ҪȥԮɸտһͷʮ˽еһˣˣĿʼղң˵ɱ⣬ϡ
˿ɡԼʮ˽еǿ߶Լ֡
ʮ˽Ķ侳أֻ꣬侳ضѡ
ѪħŵǧѪѹ£һһ£ӿɺģڲ
ЩµѪħŵӣѪħŵϣ
ԭЩѪħŵӡѪħţպطīʯ۹ؽѪħյĻԻ͡
Ȼաֻʣ¾
ںޣţ·Ҫըѡ

̧ͷ޵ؿ㲻ǴӦ̫ϳϡֻҪѪħͻŹѪħΪγ
Ǭ½Ϊ𣬹ǿƶգѪħ΢˳ӡβ룬ѪħϺϻҼţɱҼŵʱй˿ãĻŹѪħţ
ЦˣЦſЦ⡣
գűϻںѪħ֮ģҪϻںѪħų׸Ͼɱ
ǰλ棬ûīʯ۹ѪħնݳüŲѡ
ͬĴﲻٷ
Сˣ
Ѫħŵһϣһħǣ£ҪȥԮ̨ϵѪħŵӡ
ݣ
âƿգڵĽ£Ѫ̤նѪħųϣ屻͸
ֱƬ̣׹¡

֮ˣʮ˽еһˡ
Сˣ
ЦˣǿʳǬ½ں֮ǡݵĳУҪ
ȻעΪλҪԴУƴˣ
һѪħųϣһħɱʮ˽еһˡ
Ȼһ棬ͱɱˡ
·˺˵Ѫԡ
һʱ䣬Ѫħ̫ϳڣħɢһϳһǿ


ʮ˽ˣγ޵֮ƣѪħһڸ߲Χס
ţҲȥɱʹ죡
˫˸ź⣬͸¶ն¡
ãţͰͲסˣڳ󣬽¡
ɶۿ̨Ȼȥȥ͸ȥҪɱˣͰɱˡ
һС
ˣˣˣˣˣ

е·ÿһγ֣׾ٴѪħŵ
㣬ɱң
ԸѪħţ˳ţ
ԸתͶţɱң

ѪħŵӣǧѪǿѹ֮£׷ױ
һһЩˣϵģֻʣ¾
һУģޱȡ
գŵһ£ʱ˭ǣ
ĵϵոѪħŵӵԴԾ֮£һ
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬˸̨ϵǸŮϡ
δŵӡ
ڸ̨֮ϣûκζͺǰһУþԻָһ㡣
ߣ
Ŀ΢䣬һ̨ɱȥһ·ոѪħŵӵ
ΪԷŮˣ顣
䣡
ʱһը죬̨ϵ궯ɲǼš
˵Ŀ⣬̨֮ϣըħһѸޱȵĺӰֱ̨Ӹ̨
Ѫħ̫ϳϣ塣
񣬸̨֮ϣֻʣһˡ
˵Ŀ꣬
ã
ɫ䣬ԤС
ʮ˽еʮˣ䡣
Ӱ̨֮ϣһħٴըǷһ졣
ϡԿ壬֧飬Ƭɢڸ̨֮ϡ
үү
Ůһڹ⣬˲ƿԶȥ
ڹٶȣÿ£ʮ˽еʮ׷ȥҲԶԶ˦˺档
ֻܻ׷ϡ
ô£
ɫһôҲû뵽ȥͱˡ
壬ԼΪۣʩչʲô
ۿʮ˽޷׷ϱߵףǲɱˡ
նδֻܳһŮˣպҲһ鷳
飬Щѹ֡
ɱ
һȣǧѪٴζʣµѪħŵӣһһ¡
̨֮ϣѪɺӡ
һĻռűʱһĻεơ
ֻǣ̨֮ϵѪǼŵӵѪѪħŵӵѪ

߿֮ϣ걩һǰһʮ˽еһ˵¡
ţ屻ը
Ѫħ꣬

﷢̨֣һǱӰĴ·Ѱ·
Ǻգŵִ֮һ
꣬ױɱҲ޶ԣֻԼı
ô㻹ӣ
αس֣粽䣬˺ǰЦЦؿ
ɫһ䣬û뵽Լﶢˡ
ʵ
ǣ
ҧûгɣͷ
һ̣ͨһڵأϥ߿ĹңֻҪĹңԸκ¡Ĺң
ģﵭʵ
ǡ
ڹߵǰһŵͷϵ˫Уַ
ɣ
ϵױµ˳
磡
ɶڲԶɫ䣬һ磬ֱӳ
µķ֮ƣķУٶȣ˺ꡣ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ɶе£壬֧顣
ʼգһƵᣬƴһһѹ¡
Сͷˡ
磬û°ɡ
ɶߣʵͬʱ£ú˫գ¶ֹػ
û¡
΢Цҡͷ
ղŵһУƿУɶ֣Ҳ˲ᱻɱ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

߿֮ϣ̶˷
Ѫħųϣһһʮ˽䡣


217 ˦ƹ
ʱ̨֮У̨ϿգûһվŵѪħ֮˵Ӱ
Ѫħ֮ˣ

̨֮ϣڼѪｫʿĲ£첻˱Ѫˮ۵ĺȻһڵء
ʦˣ
ڵأ䣬޾Ļںޣ첻Т첻Т
ף֪ѪΪű˳𣬾ھȪ֮£Ҳᰲοġ
ٻվߣο
￴츸ŮĿ⸴ӡ
ǰʱ䣬Ŵٻе֪ԭ۱µλػˣϣѪͳ죬ǹʦ
㿴𣿡
ռۡķĿת
գżλƴΪٳһ֮·ҶԽ뼫š
Ҷ죬ûкһ뿪֮λ󣬾ضȥҪͼŹ
ʱҶܴ
ڣҶĺΪű˳
ţָտɴ
ѪħŸ󣬳ʱ¹ڼŵפ֮С
硢ɺͻʮ˽Ҳ
ǵְǱΪնǰľٳƽ̹֮·
ǧѪͳĴ£׼뿪ţɣǡ
ϾɣҪá
פأɽ֮¡
ɶһ·ǧѪͳɽš
͵ˡ
쿴΢΢һЦţǼʷɫĴ£ؽӭԻ͡
Ϊű˳˾һаˡ
ͳ죬һ·ء
죬Դĵ⣬΢΢Ƿ
һλֵ𾴵ĳ
ٻҺֵǰ㣬ͳ˵˵
ԦѪǰߣǧѪƺƵפ֮ȥ
㡭𣿡
￴ٻ΢Цʡ
һκٻʱһĻ컵ĳ̲סп
磬һתۣˡ
Ůӣ˼ֳζǸҰѾͷˡ
ٻҡҡͷһ˿ЦݣһΪûˣڼúչ
ţҲá
˵ͷԺʲô£ңҲңȥң˰ġ
ٻӦһá
ûµĻͿȥɣͳõˡ
ʱ꣬ٴٻط꣬Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
š
ٻ˵ͷڵյ˼
˳ߵɶһۣٻ΢ЦԳ˵һǲܵôһλ֪飬úϧɡ
ҲЦˣǲ㵣ˡ
һ̣ٻ֮УȻ޴档
ˣ
ٻһ䣬͵תѪͷԶȥ
תȥʱٻĿ⸴ӣ̾˿аζ¡
һҲ֪ʱټ
ɶǻȥɡ
ǣɶ裬ն𣬷˼塣
ڼţֻһĿģؽš
ţ£ϻڡѪħűϢʱڻᴫ
ʱĺĵӣ
ʱ䣬ࡣ
£º󣬾Ҫ뿪ǰɹ
ʱ䣬ھĿﻨһ£ϻһ£ټϻɹҪһ£ʣµʱ䣬¡
óû뵽ǣһصŵļŵӣº󣬾͹ˡ

ٴμУȫǲ˼顣
ȻҲϻںѪħŵĸ𣬻йأȴҲֻǲ²ѡ
صţٴμ֪Ĳ²ȷġ
һģжʮˣ侳һĴڣǼŵĺĵӡ
ЩˣǼڸƿһҵͷˡ

ȥʮĵӣȻ˵ļʱ̲סȡ
̫ˡ
Ǽ
ȻȻֶνϻںѪħŸǾ֪λдµˡ
û뵽꣬͸š
׿ųĿ⸴ӡ
ܸţһ֮ͳǧѪǫһЦ
ǫ飬ͳѪĹ֮ͣţ١
һĵæ˵
ǧѪѹһĺϻڡѪħŵӡ
ȻУǿƣѪܿ⡣
ǰѪѪϴϻһۣͳһΪϣѪˣõ֤
ǻǿ߽٣ѪѲڡ
ҽʶһˡ
ŷ׵ˣɡ
̫ӵ£
ڳļźĵӣ֮ˣɳǼţ̲ס
һ̣Щĵӣ̲סһͷ
ѵϻںѪħŵĸ𣬻Ҳˣ
ֻǣΪҪǼţ
벻ͨ
̫ӵ£ұ硣￪ڣԼݡ

֮µļźĵӣ׷״ԭء
û뵽ﻹôһݡ
ң̫ɵıܣҲ˵ǻ֮ˡ
ɳԣϻںѪħ̸𣬶йء
ûҲּ֮£̫ɸǼܵóһۣ
Ǽڻеĵλ͡
ס
ｫɽܸ׵ʶҲ⣬÷׵ˣ֪ŵƾ衣
֮ǰһ㣬š

׹кηԸ
Ǹ뼫ʥԺѡΣλеһСһΪԺˡСһֻɳΪǼŵһ
ףǽѪħŸ֮ʵڵǡ
￴ף΢΢һЦ񣬼ȻǻˣҲʱҪ뿪ˡ
Ҫȥ
׵ˣһ
ЩҪȥҪ뿪һʱ䡭뿪ʱ䣬£ӷ׺
̧֣ռһҶƣȡ˷ס

ۿ׻˵ʲôһࣺôףѵ㻹Υ
ײҡæͷ
յСһѾһ֮ϡ
ǣҲŵʱ䣬úøףҼŵķɡ
ֿʮˣԸ
ǣ
ʮ˾Եͷ
׼ȥҡͷһЦܣǴ˦ƹ񰡡
ҲûϣҪ£̫ˣܱ
ֻǽؽŵĴΣ˷ס
Ǽ
ʲôʱ򣬵˺ʵʱὫ֮λס
ףϵĵӣҳϷ棬軳ɡ
ļգｫʯһֲƸ˷ס
Щһʱ䣬ᶼõϡ
һеӶ׺ͶʮĵӺ󣬳һˣ뿪˼š
ʮ˽ˡ
ó̲סм
ڵļţȱʮ˽һǿ


218 
̫ӵ£лл
뿪ʱֿɵл
ܣҪлȥлʰɣʵҲǸ⡣
Ц
ʮ˽ǻǿߣֱۻͳܡ
޵ۻ̫ӣҲ޷ָʮ˽
ˡ
ԣиָּж
Ķˣۻʣ߸ϡ
ȻδıչмӣԴһ㣬ж
ˣңһĹС
ңǰϻںѪͻ֮һα𶯡
һУԴ˵Ϣ
һϻںѪħţǰẕ́
˵Ǳŵ
ǧѪŸ
˿ǧѪȻûôŵǿߣѪܿġ
˶Ϊɻʱһ˵Ϣ
ǧѪŸļǵļ
һҶ죬֮ʣ֮λһСˡ
һΣǳǧѪֱţ
ʱ˵ݣ֮
Ȼңṫ֮ӣ
ṫ伣꣬һǿߣûǹλ绪Ůӡ
ʮǰǿ֮һ
λһۻʵ۰
ǧ谮һ
ֻ˵뵱ʱһλΪǿ߽ˡ
һͬ伣
Ҳա
ԣǵǿУ˵ĺӡ
֮ӡ
˵ĺӣǼǧ谮һ
˶ԲµϻںѪħűĺ棬϶ŻҵӰӡ
Ȼô׾ͱ
ˣһʱ䣬У֪ŵ

ĳ棬ԪԶհݷ걾һüͷ
Ϊŵӡ
ңṫ֮ӡ
Ҳȷϣ᲻Լλֵܡ
ѵУ
ǰʱ䣬յҲ˵ǰűϻںѪħŵ£Ҳ̲סΪеġ
񣬺ϻںѪħţ̱һΪˣǧѪ︲
ģٴ
ҵгҪĸˣʳǣбҪȥһˣȷһǲҵĳֵܡ
ºҼλǿߣʳǷȥ
ҡ
磬ס
żԼĸ磬żɽ֪а취ġ
ԣ̾˿Сٵȼհɣʱ䣬׺æ
ǲǳʲôˣĸйأ
ɫһ䣬ֱʵ
ԤУԤУķ겻ѡ
룬ջúϢգպұ֤ס
·Ը˵
˵ͷ֪ǲƭģȻٵȼգɡ
תȥ
飬Щء
ĸ׻һЩʲô¡
Ҫ֪
ǣ˼ûĸ׵ӦʣǲὫĸ׵¸
硣
ɶʱƲֵӣЩġ
Ｗһ˿Цݣҡҡͷû¡
ǰԺʯǰУľ֣ɵͨ۳ͣľһ̣ķ·ʱƽ
ɶһߣػų
ľΪ棬һľܿ컯εľ
һҶ죬λ棬ͨľڳǰ
ϣϣϣѪϡûʧǵѡûϻںѪħţѱھȪ֮£ҲܰϢˡ
ǰĵľǸֳЦݡ
һ̣ظ
ѹڼϽصȻ¡
ˡ
ɵͨײһֵĸоóЩʧ
ǰһΣ﷢֣ԼȻֽľ磬ˡΡ
ǰһУǻʹй
ڣȴһʯ֣ʯֺܿһʯ͸¶Ϣ

ӰԶӶʯ֮ϡ
һˣһλˣݣһ˫ͫף¶ɫĹ⻪ʱһɫ磬
һˣһˡ

ˣһǰˣǱˣλӡ
һŷɵͨӡ
Ҳ֪ڽʲôܿ죬˶ˡ
ӣڣ׺ͨˣɵͨ۳͡
ݣ
۵µĴâ·Ծ֮¡
Ӱȥ١
âһţŷƥĵƣ·سڡ
ͨɢ϶һѪȻ¡

ֻǣ̾һĿ£˼ȫӳɲǣصĵơ
ڷɵͨĵƣƥĵ๲֮ͬ
ԺϵظŸղһþԻع
ǰĻ棬֧飬Ҳ֪
ı仯ɶó磬һ״̬ǡ򡱡
ɶĿ⣬йΧת
ףڵĳҪǰκθš
ɫ֪ʱƱ鲼ûã¡

ɶ̧֣͵ķ磬ڿɨڳͷ۳һ֣Ϊڷ絲ꡣ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
Ϊ
ɶĬĬػ
ԭˣԭˡ
ҹɣ䣬·Ӷоѣ͵վ
һɶֵַΧ
ɶ׼ƶʱĶͣ˶
֣磬ûӶѡ
粽Уɵͨ۳Σ̧֣ɵ֮ͨ·Ϊ̡֮
֮䣬ŷɵͨӶ·˺һ죬ΣˮնϣһУ·ôȻ
ˡ
һ£ķ죬Ȼ
ˮɣ£Ĵڳϣ·û֪ˮϡ
ݣ
˲֪ã·ֻһӣַ·һʱ̧֣ɵֶͨ
һŵĶâ̺صĵ
ۣһ죬йǰԺһľɼɱ͸
ľڼ֮أ䱻ֲӲ̶ȣȾ
⻹Ρ
ľɵͳ̶ȣɫ
侳ߣܽƿߡ
ľϿͲ˭ġ
ڵͨ
йĸ߿֮ϣһӰûƶˣŽµһС
ˮ£δ䵽ϷֺΧһεˮ
һˣۻء
ȴأ߷ơ


219 
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ϣƳ·ںһ
޾ĵƣˮɨһ˲䣬֮ˮԱնѣ𴦡
һ˫Ŀ絶ת
ɶ
￴ݼƣɶĻ֪ɶػܾãһůǣɶ֣йϢȥˡ
ۿӣƣɶ˯˹ȥ
˹ɶǣ΢΢һЦſ粽߳˷䣬йǰ߲Ĵˮ
һ̣ģƽޱȡ
û뵽˺һƣˡ
̲סп
ȻҲףһУǸӡ
ڼʱԴԾͨڶһɫģҵڣҿʼΣһ·ûֹΡͬɵͨӣҲʱʼֵġ
΢΢ܿ͵óһۡ
ȻɣȴΪûиݣҶ϶
ڣＸȷ
ͨµĵһ㣬߲⣬ƽʱԪٶȵĻϣӿ
ֻǵһ㣬˵á
ڶ㣬
һɫģƵĸԴ
ﰵ
Ҳ֪񣬾ͨڶĽ⣬ûΪõġ
뵽˷˾ͨ
ͨڳͷ۳ΣųһͨڶĽ⣬¡
Щ⣬ɫ۶ɡ
ۿҪԼϣĺЩ
ף嫽УûɫʺԼϾܵõ𰸡
Ľ¶Цݡ
ΪؿɫģԼڣų⡣
ֻһɫĴڣ˷ƥĵƣɫĴڣֻʲôϲأ
ڴ
ҲףɫĵãϾչֳģҲżʼ
ĵƣʽ̤˺һ֮ҲζţΪԼٺͨ侳صĵ·
ڣֻҪ㹻Ԫ̤侳ء
ڵĿ꣬Ϊһ
ºҪ뿪ɹȥɹ֮˵Ĵ£صԶս
ԶսΣķҪδ֪һҪԻУĴǿߡ
ʱٲһȷѪꡣ
Ψƿ˸ΪǿԶսиõõƬ
պ󣬳š
СҪ㡣
΢ЦԳ˵
һ㶣漴ϸֳϲ֮ɫ磬ģ
ɣҴȥ׵й
ڳʧ̬һ㶼⣬̧ͷɶ΢ЦɶҲ
ɶ˵ҪȥףЩ
Ļ˫գֳֺ󣬲ǿ˳һۣų¾
ߣ
˭֪һ־ǣɶ֣й֮⡣
óЩСӣʶ·
й֮⣬ſڡ
ۿһ˵Գ񣺡ү
ڳǲʶ
Լ΢Цͷųɶ߽й֮С
йǰԺ棬һĴԶԶأͿ֮ڣվһ׳ʵӰǡ
ף
һ
У׸ߴɽʵƣЯ޾ů
꣬ºûã׾뿪˳ңѶ
ף
վڴ֮⣬￴еһӰȻСɶˡ

ͳУż˻ƺƣڵӣǻת
һϮɫۣӣżϡ
ƽĿⱳ󣬼޾ļ
ף
ڳӣ׻һ
Ȼȥ꣬׵òû̫ı仯ֻǶ˼ֲɣ֪ʱ׵˫޶Щ׷
ףˡ
ĸף
ڳ￴ʱ򣬳Ҳڿ
ǰʱ䣬ӴӳУ֪˳Ҳǰζ¡
գ츳һСӣȡõĳɾͣһֱΪĴӡ硱
ӴӳУ֪Сӳоп
뿪ʱ߲Скˡ
ݼ䣬żơ
֡
ãá
ǰץס˳˫磬һЩ״ΣҳĺöӣΪ㽾Ϊ㽾
֪ʱ˫գ̲סˮ
Ҳ֪ԼôͻȻˣȫĿơ
ʮ겻ӶˣûκĸоѪڵĸо˽޼ϵһ
λӦþɶɣ
ܿ죬ſ˳ɶϸֳЦݣϲѡ
գֻ˽ʮδСӣ˶ϱСӣ
˳ɫŮӣ˿ӵ̲꣬ס޶Ӻø
ɶԳ񣬾ޱȡ
ȫȻûƽʱǰĮ
Ϊ֪ǰһλĸףҪһȥ
ãá
˵֣ϣЦ˻
ʮ˺ӳ׵ʱǵһôˡ
Ҳû׼ʲô񣬵´Сʲôʱףٸǲϡ
ɶ΢Ц
ʱɶ˫ϵĺ󣬸ʱʱ͵͵˳һۡ
ףĸ
ɫͻȻ
̾һ֪кܶɻҲĸףֻǣĸ˼ˡ
ԣɫ΢Ŀиֳֵ֮ɫ
˼ˣ
ʲô£һ涼ܼ
е󣬺ܿͱԼѹ£ʮĸ״δһΣ˵һС
ĸʲô⡣
ǴӵµԶսһᰲĸ׼档
·𿴳˳ʧ䣬
ԣ˫֮䣬ֳ貵Ĺ⻪
ʮ궼ˣҲںٵһʱ䡣
ͳӶˣһ磬Ŵɶ뿪
һʱ䣬֮ڣֻʣ³ͳ縸Ӷˡ
ף㰲ĸ׺С棿
ʡ
ͷʵĸЩ꣬һֱСֻǣҲ֪ϵˣ뿪ع̫áһֱۿСﳤһźСȻ˻ңҲǼʱˡ
ǡС֪ĸ׵£޷ܡЦ
Щ£֪֪Ҫõöࡣ
Щ£޷ġ
Ȼ֪ӳ絣ʲôҡͷ˵СѾˣһصӺˣЩ£ҪԣβĸӶ֣֮
뵽Сӳ⼸Ϊȫǽ
Ķӣһ·ûһ͡


220 켶似
Ȼûܼĸףܼףмĸ׵ϣࡣ
ɶջصйãɾ͵ˡ
̫ӵ¡
￴ɣ棬ʲô
ܣѵѧܣǰ˺󶼳ƺΪ̫ӵ¡
֮䣬·Ըƺ
һЦ磬ǣ
硯϶˼ЦݣǸ㣬һˣ㡣
ôأʶǸ˲򵥡
Ķˣۻˣѵǡ
µһˡ
Ͳ֪˻᲻
ɶйϢϢȥȥ￴ɶ΢Ц
ɶ˳ͷתй
һĻ̲סЩĽ
˵һܵ˺֪һͲ׻ˡ
ɵ̤ն𣬷˻ʹ
ǡ
ۿɵٶһϲɣĹǰ̲סʡ
ҵ
ֱԵ

￴ǰĹǰĹԶƻֺ꣬Ȼ⡣
˵УһڵĻ񡣡
󣬳ҵ
֮ڣȫһλеһ̨ϣһλŽߣԣЩҵĵλһ㡣
Ŀ⣬ɨһλ
ңʮߴۻʣţһʮ꣬䡣
ңʮۻʣꬣһʮһ꣬䡣

Щۻʵλ
ͻȻĿ⣬һһλԼλƿ̵֣Ī
ңԨʮʱ̤侳ʮһʱ̤侳ʮʱ̤侳뿪ǰ紳ʮ󣬻ѣ䣬ꡣ
ңҵʮʱ̤侳뿪ⴳʮ󣬻ѣ䣬ꡣ
ң

λۻ֮ϵĴڣһգ׿Խ
ᣬ̤˵侳뿪ǰ紳
磬ּأѣ䡭ʲô˼
ʣ飬жһ˵ɣ
ɵĻشóʶĲ²ȷģ飬Ǭ½棬ǻ֮У֮⣬Ҳֻ۹ҲС飬һһ˵ġѪᷢӳá
ֻҪ˲㲻ѣ
Ȼ򣬹Ȼ棬ؼ䣬
Ŀ⣬ɵȻҲˣһλиֳֳ羴֮ɫҵЩ棬뿪ȥ֮ˣһһ䣬ǵЩӵѧϰ
ͷΪȻ
߳ǰȥҪĪ
һУδ֪ģôء
δ֪־壬ıܡ
ţ
Ŀ⣬ϣеǷʱסˡ
еˣзɵͨš
⻹óﾪ㵵ԭ򣬱Ͼ͸˵һĴڡ
ȵǣü䣬εǸӡżơ
ֻˣ˵ıӣ촽ǸŮӡơ
ѵ⻭еڣӡŮŲǳĹϵ
ڣѲǵĺˣ
󲮡
ﻹ˼ɵع
̧ͷһۣͿ֮⣬߽һˣһλˡ
߽һֵĸоͺֻһһͽ֮С
˾Ͷ䣬·ڣҲһλ侳ǿߡ
Ȼ
ﰵ֮ǰͲ²⣬ҪԼˣλ
ˡ
﹧ɵĴ󲮣ۻʺĸ׵Ĵ硣
УĻ֮ˡ
ҵػ
ֶһöӡ
ؿ˳һۣ˵ͷĿ⣬ܿеĻ棺ɶҲ˵ˣ֮ˣҵڣķɵͨͨһޣӦǼ̳ͨ
ͷķɵͨӦþǴʵģĸ׵һ˿Ѫ
ɵͨԴѪеϡ
ǧ꣬һ˴ڵͨһе˳֮˵ϡ
ͥɸп
⡣
ɶȥлС˵ͥɡ
ǣ󲮡
ɹӦ˳ȥ
˽£ƺͥûհҵһףֱ󲮡
СЩ꣬ĸײǲԸ㣬вѵĿԣϣ⣬ǧҪ
ͥĿºͣͰޱȡ
ˣ׺͸綼˵ˣ⣬Ҳĸף㲻õġҡͷһЦ
˵Щɱĸ׵Ĺϵá
Ǿͺáͥ˵ͷɫҲ
գһ̣Щͳ
ͥǰһڳ·ȵĿУеǷڵĻ
ס
ƿǽϳһݡ
֮Уڷһµĺӡ
ֻǣھµĺΧıɫ⻪˸ţ
ԣɫĹ⻪Ǳӵġ
ҪȻ˭ܽȡߣ
￴ͥͶ䣬һѹ£ģڵ侳ǿߵ£ھºΧıɫ⻪ѹ£ȡ˺ӡ
⡣
ȡӺͥطڵĻ
򿪺ӣһ׹ӵᣬط
һ似ɷдĸ֡
ɵ⡷
ĸʱĺЩ
ɵ⣬֣Ӧþͺͷɵͨйء
أҲˣ似ƥͨģûдڵͨ޷似ֱͥԵ
ͷ
ţֵͥ似ǻУӵе켶似֮⣬Ψһһ켶似
켶似
ˣȻʶɵĲȴҲû⾹Ȼһ켶似
켶似ں֮Ƶ似
ں֮Ƶǿ󣬲Զ
ܸоԼһ̣·
似żĿ
⻹һΣôõһԼĶ
Ҹ似ɳó
ͥһЦ

ͫһþƽ
ǡͥͷ
ȡ˺ġɵ⡷ݸ˳
סӹ˷ɵ⡣
һ켶似
һͱɵϵסˡ
֪ʱУɵͨ۳Σͥʾ
ȫͶ룬ͥʲôʱ뿪ģ֪


221 
ɵ⡷ңǧ似
켶似
⻹ǵ꣬ԭڻҵһ棬ңԶһҡģڵĻҲʱһġ
ңԴԴڻ֮⡣
ֻϧҵĵһ棬ûκιǸҵϢԣңͲ֪Ǹʲôط
˵ǻȥˡ
ȷһ㣬ǸңһǿʢĴ塣
ɵ⣬ں֮ơ˵֮⣬зơ
עȫеġɵ⡷
ɵ⣬ʺϷɵͨķڣƥĵƣѸޱȵķơ
ݵĵƣĵƣơ
ֻǣաɵ⡷ڽں֮ƣҲ˵ȫڵƵĻϣںϷơ
ں֮ƣһںϣʩչһһô򵥡
֪˶ãҹ٣ջ˷ڷɵϵĿ⡣
ףأ
﷢֣֪ͥʱѾ뿪
ҡҡͷﰵԼ̫ˣȫ˸ˣԺлᣬҪ˵ǸС
ˡɵ⡷һʱ䣬Ҳæµ
ҪԪҪɵ⣬켶似
켶似Щں֮ƺ󣬲û̫ĽνǺɰٴ
޳˷ɵ⣬ں֮ơѵצġ֮ơķɵͨȻң
뵽Ȼһ·ĳЩ
ү
ͻȻй֮⣬
ʲô£
ǰԺзɵ⡷ĳá
һˣү˵
ңһ
ʳУǵԼʶʲôˡ
˵үѡүĪſڿӣͽϳȥ
˵ţҪȥ
ҵѡ
վߵɶɶڻʹҲһʱˣȥߡ
ɶͷų֣һ߳й
үҪȥӭЩ£ǸʲôͷүԳȥӭӡ
·ɡ
˵
ǣǡ
æǰͷ
ʹſڣһͣԶ
һˣһӣȺ档
ü䣬żʲôûա
֣
ֱʹڴһϤüŵȻ޴档
ֵܣ
֣ס
÷з֮ˣֵܣ
û뵽ԪƫƧһĳôһݣṫ֮ӡ
ۻʵ
һ͸һܱ֣겻ɺã
ãá
ҲﻷסһЦ
ʹſڵһɵˣ˵ʲôˣү硣
ߣǺȾȥ
һЦǣɶ֣һ뿪
ڣһ۳ߵɶ¶
ɶ
΢Цɶֽɶʶɶ֣ȥҺܶæ
ɶ΢Цͷ
һ졣
ɶҲɶ΢ЦкݼƵᣬʧ֮

ȻЩν˶ǰŮǰȻʧɫСѼͰһ㡣
ڳ޸Ҳ̲סĽ
֣˵ʵȻڻʹһʱ䣬ҶԻʳȴϤȾƵĵط㶨ɡЦ
Ǿȥ˪¥ɡͷ
˪¥ʳǶ塰׿ҡĲҵʳ¥֮һ
Ĵ£˪¥С˵Ĵ£˪¥¥ᡣ
ԶĹһ궯
ɵˣӭų˵Ŀ⣬ܿ춼ɶò
ߣ
ųһߣ˻ع
ҲǴˣڻʳһĶֵأֻǿƣӵۣ˵׼ǰ֮ˣǲĴڡ
ĴڣһգܻǴɱ֮
ף
׼ȥʱһˣϵ
ˣɫΪѿйڡ
û뵽ּˡ
˹һЦü͸¶Ϸʡ
֣ʶһˣ̲סʡ
ȻʶԪˣļ壬Ԫһ壬ɷˡ
Ϊ֡˵
ô˵ˣӦҲûʲôˣ
仰ʵġ
׻˵úãۣȺ֣Ӧûʲôݡǰ߻ص
λǸȱΣ
˵Ŀ⣬ɶϣ¶̰

ԣʱŭ˸֮
˪¥Ľ飬Ȼ֪⼸ˣ̲סΡ
ȥ츳Ȼһ㣬ҵԴҲ̤侳
ߣ侳أҲҴʴʣ
˷Цǣһ£ӿ
ֻǣ֣Ⱳע޷¡
ˡ
嫵ԳӿһУƶֳһ͸˵š
˵ʬ壬Ȼء
ͬ飬Ǹ֡ڣɫ䣬˫Ŷʼ
찡侳ǿߣ
ιã죬Լùһ졣
ֻҪλҪСϼˣ侳ǿߡ
ֻһ츳ɣ
ˣ˪¥ɱ¾㡭
Сüɫһ
·һ㶼ĳ侳ǿһ㡣
Ŷ￴СˣЦˣ˪¥ĸĲҵ
С˸ſڣ˭֪һӰ磬ֱӶֱӸСһ⡣
ʲôˣ
Сɫ䣬׺ݵؿˣ˵òʱһү
ӽ쿪ʼ㱻ˡ
һɨСˣȵ
Сɫ԰ףȴҲףǰ˵ΥǱ뿪
ү
ˣιɫһ䡣
ֵˣҪӵĴڣԷ̬ȣԶ׼
ߣ
һͺߣޱȡ
䣬ݡһһ⣬һţںι˵ĺϣϸ΢ķ϶
ѪӿιˣȻء

ү
ˣ͸¶ּɵ׿ҵүɱϣ治ɫ
֡
˶΢΢һЦǰôû˵ֵܵѣã׿һ̻Ȥ
ܳλ׿ҶүҪ
ֱϵڱ
ȻҲף֮˿ǿڳϣҪȻ˸Ͳۿ


222 ƥѸ;
үϴζʧ֮ˡ
˿΢Ц
ճյʳʱ·ɶ֮ˡ
ûǴǻʳ׿ҵˡ
׿ң֮һ
ǵãɺƺΪ׿
лˡ׿ͷ
Ҳ֪ڸл׿ղŵĳ֣ǸлԴʱѺ̬ȡ
ǸСϹۣϵү
׿˸ƣү֣λ
Ȼɶߣ׿ҲҶһۡ
Щˣ࿴һ۶ʧ
ʱܻɱ֮
׿Ĵ£˽һİᣬкº׿˵ͳȥΪλ׼Ƽȡ
˵ţ׿˳ȥ
ۿ׿ִţ뿪ǸǳǳЦ⡣
׿ҶүЩ˼
֣ôᵽʳһ֪ڻʹ
￴ʡ
Цһʱ䣬̻ᶼ߶ͷˣʱ䶼ʳǡǰʱ䣬˵˼űϻѪħŸ£ڼţЩİΣ
ԣһů
˭֪չգ˵Ϣոŵţ𡭡ҪǣŵˣǧѪ⣬һΪˡ
˵ЩпʱһȷϴеǸǲ㣬ϾҶ˽⣬ǼŵӣȴԪ紫Ű㣬ṫ֮ӡ
Ϊȷϴеĳǲ㣬һˣܼ㣬ǰڼűʱúõػ
УֿС
ǻˣֻϧǡ
̾ĻǱĵ׵ļ䣬˹
ȻΪǱ˳ǾھȪ֮£ҲõȰ
˵ͷ
ǰϻںѪħžųͬŵһ
ܿ죬Ͳ˻⡣
ֵܣɻǵãռʥԺѡǰǸյʳʱ˵Ļ
˫ЦЦ

̲סһЦȻǵãʱպͷغΪѪͳ죬ǹ졭ˣ
˫һû뵽㻹ǵá
Ȼǵá
ʱ龰ǸЦݡ
Ǹʱҵĳӣսʳǣ׼뼫ʥԺѡΣһ˺档
ʱǵһεԪʳĴС
ȥˣľನۡ
գһεԪʳʱ侳ߣԣ󼰵Ĵڡ
ȥīʯ۹۶ȥ֮һġɹΪɹĵӡ
ʶǿƣ侳ǿ߲
侳ߣѾ㲻ʲô
Ȼף廳
Ȼ㻹ǵãʲôʱΪһ£΢Ц
²У׼һԪȴԪһ뿪һʱ䡭ʱΪΣƬ̣˵
Ҳҡͷ
ʱС˶Ƽȡ
λүүҴǵǸʱҪȥ뿪˪¥
һСˣǸȻڣү˵ˣλүʲôҪܷԸǡ
š
˵ͷ
ٷԵõҲ⣬ϯ˵Ц
֣ҪҪһԪӦδճ￴ʡ
á
ҡͷһЦЩҪȥٷҾҪ뿪ʳǻȥǻˡ
һֻҪΪ˳
ڻʳǣб
֣ٷʱ䣬һһ˻ʹɡ
￴ͻȻڡ
ţ棬ȥʹʲô
һ˸ʶ
һЦ
տʼʲô
ֱȥ˳еˣʧ̬
¡
ǰȲˣæһ׼ûС
ڳƺǰΪˡʱͲµ˶Էݡ
ݴţṫһڵ磬ڶ֮ˣǵĵۻʣء
ɡ
ضһЦȥСİҶС˵ˡС˵Ԫ֮ˣѵǸѸ;ԡң
ǡ
æͷҳɡ
Ҳ򵥣ҲоѸ;ԣȴһá
΢΢һЦ˵߾һأս³ԽȱԡһңʹҹƥѸ;ԣΣ
ƥѸ;ԣ
оЩͷƤ顣
һƥѸ;ԣͼֵƽ
ƥѸ;ԣƽ
ǿߵƽ㲻ʲôٶҲûʲôô
ΪԪҵ֮ˣȻףһҴĳж
ңлʹ
ԪС
ĺüһߵĳоǸм
ţϢȥҵˣ˶
ңȤǨӵһչһ
ؽ˵Ļһ

ҵۻյ㡣
Ƕ֮¡
񣬽ٵҵͷϡ
л¡
Ƶ飬þƽ
ˣллŻûع뿪ʱﲻرԼл⡣
ף˺ҡ
ףΪ
ɵӣõĺӣҵѪ֮䣬л
شص
˵ͷ˳ȥ
سй·ϣڻعΪԼղŵʧ̬ûڣûɣ
Ц͵úܣС
Ҳǣµؽ󣬺εȿ㣬ұܼ
ΪȻĿ⣬ܿӣֵܣķϻҾͲ˵ˡԺ£ƴҲ岻ݴǡ
ΣǼǸһԪ
ⲻ֪ʡ
˸ۡ
ǰҪ뿪Ϊ̻ߵ»ûꡣ
ڣ˻ҵһߵˣҲνˡ
֮ҪϢҡ
ƥѸ;ԣңҲҪһʱܳ롣
ڵƼ
֮󣬸˸׺͸磬ɶ뿪ʳǡ
ԭۻصİţҪʮ˽еļˣһ·ͳ˻ȥġ
ֻǣܾصİš
Ҳ˵ɶʵں֣󣬻һλɹǿ߱ӻõԼİȫ
˵ֻҪǻĴǿ߶֣ڻУвڵ


223 ڶ׽
ػߵɹǿߣλͨӵߡ
ʵ֮ǿͼʶ
Ǹ뿪ɹʱλǿߣת֮䣬ɱ侳ǿߡ
ǿ侳ǿߣ
ǰֽһ㡣
ԳɶٶȣնУԪѲ˶೤ʱ䡣
㣬㡭
߿֮ϣŷе۾յģҿ棬ĺ磬æУ󾡻١
һϷɡ
ڣӦһʱڻ
ʱʼŽµһС
Ƭأǰô
侳ǿߣշС
һ߶ţеĹ⻪ǡ
һΣңɼ侳Ұġ
Ҫ̤侳
ҪԼƬһ޼ʵϰ裬ء
һ۳ߵŮӣһ̾
ֵܣԼòҲˣҸ֪Ҳôµʵ
Ҫǣĺ֪Ϳȳ
ףһλ츳Ժͳȵߡ
ǰԪˡ
պңԶԪϣֳº͡
ĸǸط
һΣԪΪ˻ؼʥԺȥͨ籨ţüʥԺ֮˿ԱܿԺϻںѪħŵѡ
ʱģԼȥˡ
ʱ縺żһҶͼλϣ̩ɽѹ
̩ɽѱж£ҲûйͼλĺΪű˳ؽš
ţţлİټϷסţͶλĵӵŬܿ·չ׳ָյĹʣΪУʵĶš
ֵܣãҵ츳һл̤侳ô
Ԫأ̲סڣѯʳ
￴һۣ·ܽ˿ջҡҡͷѡ
̾˿ظȻˣһעǲƾԼշС
侳֮µߣ侳侳շе
֮ʣε⣡
δءֿڡ
һղŲ˵ҵ츳̤侳ô
Цû
ǡһ⡣
ֻƾԼŬֻ侳أѡ
ֱ޼ɣֻǣֲͬˡ
档
̧֣ƾնһСƿӣװһЩҩԪԪ
ﻹΪܡԪãѾڣ˵⼸ƿװĶԪУԼӿԪٶȵԪ
֪Ԫ
ֵﾪˡ
ͷ˵
ҵǲøˣЩͻҺһύʮƿԪԼһЩԪʯЩֻҪ㲻͵ҪͻƵ侳أ¡
˵
Ŀһûж˵ʲô
ף︳ĶݣѾܵлġ
飬ģ
յĹ򣬳ͽͻڵſڡ
ͬʱʮƿԪԼһЩԪʯ
ֵܣ㲻ȥ
ſڣƫƧһǣ
ˣԺлȥݷòҡͷһЦǣɶ֣ն
ңңųȥĿ⸴ӡ
Ҵſڣӵܿһ˻Щɻ
ӵܵĹк£ңֱȥĸף
ϾţôˣڲӦ
ӻ̲סһɫ̲סǲǳʲôˣ
ǳˡ
ͷ
ɫ䣬ŵʲôˣ
Цˣףϲ£ϲ¡
Сӣ
һۣĻ֪ղǹģʲôϲ£
һʱ䣬Լһһ˵˳ûκα
˼ǡյǸˣΪȡһصˣۻʵǿߣṫ֮ӣ
ˡ
꣬Ҽʱûȥ̡
Ǹʱǿߣ֪֮ꡣ
ṫǺǿеһλϣһλǿߣ˵ǳԪ֮ˣΪ
ǳṫĶӣ
ѹ֡ѹ츳˵ãĸ츳ˣӵ
Ȼ
Σ̾˿ϾţǺøø
ףǵԼĶȥݳ˳꣬ҲܻнյĻر
ӣֲǳ
Ҵ޵Ŀܡ

֮꣬ҵʷУŨŨһʣǧš
룬Щ
ףƥѸ;ԣǵۻʶҵΣǿɲʧ
ֵ
ҵȻףҵĻᡭϾţȥֵ֪ͨǣǸȥ֪ͨǣңһҪļ飬غҵδص
˵кһ˭ȱϯң
ǣף
Ӧ˳ȥ
ҵ£Ȼǲ֪ɶ䵽ڵϿա
ڣһĵһš
ֻϧԲճ
Ҳףֲڡ
ɶˣʱš
Žµڣ¶ǳǳЦݣΪɶеһС
Ŀ⣬֮һƬϲɽ֮У룬ǰһڵʱȥɱ޶
΢Ц˵·ֻص˹ȥǶ¡
ûз֣ʱɶ˫ϣֵ糺죬ͺںһ㡣
ɶȥһˡ
ǣɶ֣ｵ£ܿ죬͵ظϿա
ظſڣڵӣﲻ
һλ۵ˣʱ¼ڵӽĵĹ似ü¼ʱĿ
ͻȻǲʲôĿһ
㣬㡭ͷҪ߿һһŵӽĹ似Ҽ¼һ¡
˶׼Ҫظһڵӣ˵
ڵԣܳǣϡ
ǰˣڹȥû֪ǳ
ȻǰɷϿУչֳʵŵĵӣµʶ
λˣڵػ֮һ֮һ
侳ǿߣ
ڵӣϽϵλú󣬾һȵĿɨ
ЩĿ⣬ĽǼʡ
նʧһڵ֮ǰ֮ϵĸ߿ա
ϡ
һ꣬ٴοˣ΢΢һЦ

Ŀ⸴ӣľ
ȥյ꣬Ѿˣۣ˼ֲɣ
ҪǣһΪѾ̤侳


224 ؼ
ǰλ˵츳ľˡ
κ漣ϣôȻûκͻأĸо
ʮͷһΪ̤侳
ջڣѵΪ˼ͷһ棿
Ͽʡ
΢Цͷλ˹ʵΣоҪϡ꣬ҵؼ似ѵצݶ飬û
ϵϣЦݣգҲǼ츳Žѵצ㣬츳ѵצУɳ
ϣҵѵצȴ֪Ǻ
ʡ
ҵʱ򣬸͸йġѵצ¡
ӸУ֪ѵצǰǽСצ
һ׼ֵ켶似似
˵ҲǴɡ洳һ˱ˣһ˭֪վΪˣûг
˵̾˿֮ǰѵצңѵצ似
ϣΪûѵצʡ
ѵצļֵһһ似ܱȡ
΢ЦʱҲѵצͷɺܿͱҴˡΪ似Ҳǵؼ似Ѿơ׻˵úã̰ãұûȥѵצһֱղߣԵˡ
ĳ֡ҿδϣŽѵצ㡭˭֪
뵽ȥ£Щп
̫ˡ
ʼϲ
ϡ̧֣ȡʮöԪʯ
ƷԪʯеԪʯͫһ
ȻǵһμƷԪʯһ۾˳һЩ伮мصһ졣
ôƷԪʯ
𺳡
һöƷԪʯɾͼֵһöƷԪʯһöƷԪʯ
ϣЩԪʯҵһ⡣̧֣ʮöƷԪʯɨڽϵǰ
ЩԪʯ̫ˣҲաûӣҡͷ
ϣ°ɣѵצҵİ̫ˣЩԪʯѰ˵
ڵʵ˵ѵצֵؼͽ似ǵؼС߽似ֿɵã
ҡҡͷֻΪΪʮöƷԪʯô˵
֪ѵצ֮
ϣҪߣ
ǸֳһЦݣǣɶ֣뿪ϣǣ
˵Ӱתۻ⣬ʧʡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ʱʧȥƵʮöƷԪʯȻ׹
һ֣ʮöƷԪʯųȥķϾεĿЦ
ǵĿ⣬һţϳ̾һŵ㣬һ⾰ˡϧϧ
뿪ں󣬳ɶصݳǡ
⻹ݳ𣿡
ڸ߿֮ϣŽµĺ嫴ǣЩš
һǣԭݳǵ
йﲻ
ɶݳУΧֵգЩš
ݳǵı仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һ·ϣɶգĿ⡣
ǡү
ǳҵĳү
үˣ
ǺͳҶϾϵôֻˣ

ܿϳ˳һʱ䣬Ϣݳǡ
ݳǱ仯Ȼ󣬳Ҹۡλȴû䣬ǰϤĴţ¶º͵Цݡ
ˡ
ļҡ
ĳңſڵҲˣˡ
ү
ſڵӵܣŵز˲Լ۾ȷ³ݺ̲סȡ
Ȼȥҡ
ΪӵܣȻ֪ԭ򣬶ԳԴĵ𾴡
ڼô΢Цʳӵܡ
ڣүڵġ
ſڵӵܣæ˵
ǰүЦˡ
һӵܣæǰ濪·˿һ㣬ӵܸտżʹݶүˣүˣ
үˣ
һʱ䡣
ǳҴҫүˣ
ү
үڻˣ
ү

ܿ죬µˣʲôģ׷׷Ķֹͣ
ܵǰԺк
үߵӦ̰ɣ
ֱ̺ǻ˶үǺø
ǻ˵ǳҵү˫ĺ֪Ѱ֮ˡ

ӵۣܵܿʹӳϣתƵ˳ߵɶϡ
ɶ˫գֳĨ糺졣
Щˣƺ顣
ϣ¶õЦݣļҡЩļˡ

ܿ죬һϲһӰ֣i˳
硣
ſ˫֣һܱ
ˣĶɡ
겻ɣݼ˼٬ࡣ
λǵã
ܿ죬ɵĿ⣬ڳߵɶϣӶɳˡ
ôɫ˶
ǵļλǰҲǳСѼһ
̫ˡ
ֱǷŮӡ
硣ɶɬضԳк
úãúáɴɵЦ
С
ܿ죬Ϳ󲮳Ҳˡ
ү
ү

ΧĳӵܣæԳ۴к
󲮡ۣҲܸˡ
ɶ󲮡ɶҲŴк
ãá
۹ЦĿ⣬ɶϣ޵СǺ۹⣬ҵɶŮӣø
˵ţֿ˳ɣһۣСӣ㿴С㻹ҪС꣬ϱˡأڻûӰӣϽץˣҪ껹ұӣҰƤ
۵ĻΧĳӵܶЦˡ
ɶʱеķͷ˽㡣
ֻǣڵĳɣһ㶼ԸΪ㣺ףˣһû
˵ţɸＷüŪۣæߡ
Сӣ
һɸ֣ɶɶЦˡ
ʦܣ
ʦܣ
ʱԶһһŮӰ
¸ʦ֣ĺʦ㡣
ˣ¶Цݡ
겻¸϶˼ֲɣĺɣ˼ֳζˡ
ʦܣڻˡ
¸տ粽ǰ˸ܱ
ĺɣϲݣڿߵɶʱЩȻ
ָֻܿ˹ɶλǡ
ɶСϱ
ɶǰ棬Ц
ĺɽײһĿһ˿Ȼ΢Цãҽĺɣǳʦܵʦ㡣
ʦ㡣
ɶĺ΢Ц
ҲֻŮӣϳʦܡ
ɶһۣĺɶɶһЦţĺɵĿ⣬ͳ¸˵ĳϣа̾һ
ЩǸ÷ˡ


225 ج
صﾡżҵܰ
յĹˣ˺ܿʦǰʱԼļȥˣʣµ˶ڡ
ջڶգӭ͡
ſڵĽֵϣһų˳֮ﲻֱȹڻҪ֡
үүˣ
үǻһѴ۵֮صŰݷãү
ү

ǰԺû
ЩˣҪһ档
޾ҫˣܸһϵܼȮ졣
ֻǣעҪʧˡ
ʼգﶼû
԰
ɶ㣬
Сɶߣ˫ɶϣ˿
ڵ棬ȫˡ
ʱ졣
С̲סп
Сһˣãᡣ
һˣҵǧݶ
գǰԺżãҼȴڱ͵֮Уֻݶһˡ
ݶóᣬΪ£ҲΪѡ
Ϻ꣬һ㶼û䡣
ҡͷ˼
磬ôɶƭֵģ
ĳᣬ˴޵䣬ˮ飬գһ˫۾
µһڲˮ˳
ʲôƭ
ôƭ
ݶҲ޺ʱˡ
ֻˣﻹ֣ɶȻһ͵ЦɶѾʼļˡ
СᣬôҪƭ˳һۡ
УСѾͷʮˡ
Ŀ˳ݶһۣôûˣ
ôֱӵĻС˫糺죬˵һ仰
û˵ĻͷȥҴ󲮺˵˵һ£Ҳöǵӡֵ
磬㻵ˣСݶǲߡ
ǣݶ֣ԳͷɶкСһûӰˡ
Ҳ֪Ұȥˡ
ˣ̲סһЦ
磬ѯ˳ɼ⼸󣬳ｫתƵѵצ档
꣬뿪ʱѵצһصѵצص֮
˭֪ӳɿе֪
һǰһ𣬽ɵԺӸˣѵצǰ벿Ҳճ˻ҽ
Уֻг¸գѵצ˵ء
ڣĺɺͺֻܿѵצء
ѵ⣿
ﵹҲûֳɣ̲סһ̾
ڸйѵצǡצʱ͸оԾצƺܸȤ
һλҲ׼ѵצǰ벿֣ȥĦ
˭֪ᷢ¡
Ҳ˵ȫѵצģ֮⣬ֻʣ³¸ˡ
ؼ似޷ġһ似ԭ٣Ҳζţ似ʧ֮䡣
¸ʦ֣ѵצصصĲ֡
û޳ɵѵצز֣ʣµ˺£˳¸ա
¸գ֮£֮⣬ڶѵצ֮ˡ
ڶ磬ĺʦǡգһΪѡһµĹ似
ֶԳɺĺ˵
ʯУؼ似
Բ𡣡
Σ˳ѵצǰ벿֣ͺ
ֻԼټѵצĺɺͺܿ
Ϊ£ʧ˺ܳһʱ䡣
ǵؼ似
£һֱûҸԼף¸֡
磬û£û˾ûˣ죬Ҹһ׵ؼн似Цһνӡ
ؼн似
Ļóɡĺɺͳ¸գЩ¡
ҹһƫУԳ֮£ֻҪڳĳҵϵӵܣˡ
⣬ɶ¸պĺˣҲڳ
Χһ𣬳ɶ֮⣬˵Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
СϴС˵űˣʲô£
ʳڳ˵ʡ
΢΢һЦԼľһһ˵˳
īʯ۹ʮΪɹĵӵ£һһ˵˳
ȻԶս£
Щ£֪ɱ֮Ըġ
ţ˵ԼΪŸ֮£һҵݡ
һУڳĳۼˣþδܻع
ʮǿƣʦռݵʮһâ˾ȡ
¸ոп
ɹ֮һȥҵ֪Ĵ󼰵Ĵڣ˵īʯ۹ڵ۹Ļ򡣡
ĺҲ̾
һ֪ԭԪڻУôСһط
С˵ĸңλĹ
۾ޱȣѹ֣ѹֵһۼʱҾ͸о̸¼䣬߹ޱȣԳȴû뵽֮ˡ
ô˵ҲҵĻ׹ˣ
˫۷
Ȼһеͬʱпһ·ķꡣ
ű𣬳ΪµɽΡ
Ǹʱ֪ԼҵĹϵ
ҺãһУľš
󲮣길ûдų뿪ҲǲϣҾ̫Ƿ֮Уϣ⡣
￴ֱۣԵ
Ļ۹һЦ⺢ӣѵΪһ㸸ײɣҲ̫Сˡ
һЦ󲮣һλתһȻǰĳҲûҪˣϣܰǨʳǣõҺľͽӻ
˼ǳ
Ŀһ·ڴ
˭֪ȴҡͷˣСȥ֮󣬸㸸һҵĸͲ뿪ˣпյĻͺã˵ֵܶˣҲûˡ
󲮡
Щȣ󲮲ϣ
·𿴳˼۹һЦ⺢ӣ֮ǰǲǾãҶӦ£ʵΪ˳ңҲĴӦֻǣӵܣʱ룬߳Ƿȷ㸸׵ĳԣǶԵġ
ֻϧڲſ͸һжˡ
ˮա
ͻȻ۳̾һϧ˺ܿǺӣ֪СңͲᡭ
۵Ļڳ
ĺɵ˫գˮ䡣
ɺͳ¸գһߡ
ܿʦôˣ
ڷ˲ԣɫһ䡣
գջʱûܿѯ¡
ʱɸܿԼļȥˣʱȻֳɵıЩȻȴҲû롣
ڣʶܿˣ
һ˲䣬ϣڳ֮ˣоѹ֡
⻹ǳĵûǡ
ܿˡ
һߣҧг˵
ʲô
ȻѾ˲ԤУɶȷʱóеŭǡ
ܿʦ㣬ˣ
Ǹʶʼһֱչʦ㣬ˣ


226 
˭ɵģ
·Ծ֮¡
λʦ㣬ˣ
Խܡ
գʱ⣬ǵһμܿʦ㡣
ʱܿʦԼһ룬ĳǲϣһȥðգʱʶܿʦ㣬ܿʦ˵ĵ
ʱͺܿʦһʱֻ֣оµûš
ܿʦ㣬Ҳͱһֵ꣬䣬ȴزۣʵڿϧ
Ǭ½Ǭ½֮ˣмҲ˵ܿʦ㣬Ӧò򲡶
ڣ޲ýܿʦ֮ˣʬΣ
Ǿ踽ҵ߻ӣ
¸ռҧ˵仰ʱۿźܿ
һ踽߻֮ˣһλ侳ǿߣԶܵС
ô£
ˮԱ֮ڣ̹ǡ
ӳ¸պͳɵĿУ֪ȥ
ԭ֮ǰܿˣǱ˱ġ
ܿ˳޵䣬ļΪźһ׮¡зҲ⣬ձˡ
ʱԳ֮£ɡ¸պĺɣΪͣҲ뿪ݳǣԶܿڵĳУμӺܿĳʽ
ԭΪܿиùޣ˭֪䶸
һԳǾ踽߻ӵˡպ·ʢװĺܿΪˣаڳʽϡǿܿ
ܿɷ򣬱踽߻һƻС
۵Ҫֹȴ߻ߵ˴ˣԪ֮ˡʱͱɱˡ
ϧ˺ܿǺӣѡԲãúõһŻ£ɥ¡
۵ϣ¶˼ֱࡣ
ԽܵǣǸ߻ӣܿʬ嶼ˣɵ˫·ܵɳѪ
ʬ屻ߣΪ
ž
֪ʱһ£ǰķѡ
һ𣬳ﻯһ磬뿪ˡ
踽߻ӣ
硣ɶܸܵĵıʹͷŭæ׷ȥ
ֻʣ³ۼˣ곤̾
ڵǲĳΪӳУ֪˳ʵĿ¡
Գ侳أԽ׶Եеʵңûв
Գն𣬱磬ֱ֪ľ踽ķӶȥ֪ʱ˫ų졣
ܿʦ㣬ˣ
Ǹܿʦʬ嶼Ź
硣
ɶӰΣڳߣʮָۣס˳֡
ܿͷ֣֣ޱȣ¡
磬˵˵ܿʦº𣿡ɶ˵
ܿʦ㣬һλŮӡ
˵ͷ˵뺫ܿʦĽУܿʦչˣ˵еŭơ
ΪʲôôһŮӣɼ֮ʱҪ˽ѣ
һ׷ǿ
ҪԼһ֮ϣӵҪǣҪߵÿһˡ
ߵˣκ˺
ߵˣۡ
ۣ֮֮
ڣ˺˶ԣҪˣ޾ŭ
̵ű𣬽ǵһôŭ
ŭҪѪ
踽ԪڣȫٷУٶȲѰ侳ߣҹʱ䣬ͽھ踽ء
һ·Ӷܿ죬﷢һС
˲þףɶն䣬СֵĽͷ
һʱ䣬СĽͷ˽֮ˣ׷׾
ϵˣ׷˼óһƬյء
շУ˵е侳ǿߣ
˵ǾһЩǿУҲ侳ǿߣЩ侳ǿߣϰʮĴڣʲôʱֹô侳ǿߡ
һ˫ɾ°ˣҲͶʮͷ侳ǿߣ
˼飡˼飡

ͷϣ۷׷ף˺شųɶˡ
ǵУǾη
ѹеŭ𣬳￴Զһˣλֵܡʡ
˭֪ﻰû˵꣬æʲô֪ʲô֪
Щߵһˣλ壬£踽ʳôߣ
ԱȻԳ侳ǿߣҲľսס˺صˡǾʳڶߣȥ
˵ţָָʳǵķ
л塣
˵ͷһЦһ̧֡öҩ˵ǰ塣Ǿ;鵤
˵꣬ǣɶ֡նֱָķӶȥ
鵤
Щ£ۿöҩ£æֽס
ԶǼĵҩ
˵Ǿ鵤ˡ
ȥ룬οǾ鵤
ܿ죬˾ͷм̰Ŀ⣬ɨԼ
ϳ⼸ˣϴˣ⼸ȻĶ֣ڵļУǿĴڡ
Ҫסöҩҹ뱳ˡ
ȻЩ磬ҲףԼ뿪öҩ϶ס
ңһˣǣҡ
Ŀ֮£˸һûӰĪ
ҸղΪʲôҪ£öҩҵġ
ԭߵǸˣһûڣ˫ץסͷ˺ţþͻ
Χ˿˵Ŀ⣬żֻ
˭ѾĹؼʱˡ
ҪȻöҩģ
ﵱȻ֪ԼöҩСһСķ粨
ɶֱ踽ʳǷȥ
踽ԪһͬµĸشʳǵĹģһ졣
߿֮ϣ︩Žµľ踽ʳǡ
һۣȷ˾踽ʳǻʹڣʹڻʳǵĶߣռΪ
ɶȥ
Ŀԭ;ƽ飬ٴμ
Ӱ£ڻʹȺϿ
һըһ㣬ʹʳǣ
踽߻ӣ



ʳǻصþδƽ
ʳǴСæµеǣæе£Ŀ׷׻ڻʹķ
̺޾ŭը֮ԻʹϿա
侳ǿߣ
߻ӵġ
ж񱨣ӯ߻ӣߵˣ
˵̫磬ǿƣλǿδ߻ô
λǿܽ߻ӴɱˣǿǾǾŮӡ
꣬ôС㡣

ֻǻʳеͨ۷׷ףǻʳм侳ǿߣҲ׷ն
̤ն˻ʹ߿ա
ǵܿͿʼٸߣԶ֮УվˣΪԶֻϡϳ
һһŮ
͡


227 ǿƵĳ
ʳǣʷǵһ˸ƻҡ
һһŮվڻʹϿգû߻ӹ
ڼ̤ϵϣ
侳ǿߣڻʹȺ֮⣬ңңĽչǼʶһһŮˣʲô³
ң̫ǿˡ
ڳ侳ǿ޷ҡҡ
侳ǿߣҲǿ֮֡
ҵ侳ǿߣλϵġʡǿ̫ˡ
ʲôˣҵҰ
ڳصʳϿʱʹȺڣӰն
ˣ˫ӣ·ܶһС
ն𣬵ǿʱ׷״ԭء
ǰһ˫ŮҲͶʮͷ
侳ߣ
һʱ䣬ֻо޵ݣ޲þͽڸȥ
ˣĸˣ
ݺһȻçײ֮ˣɵʵ
ǰˣҲǴˣЩ£֪ΪΪ֮
Ҳ˵Ϊ㹻š
ŵǾ踽ҡ
˵һΣǾ踽߻ӹ
ɨһۣǰһһصĵƣѹˡ
˸оĪѹæ߶Լƣֵĵơ
ֻǣǵƣڳĵǰô
һ棬ƣͱĵƺ֧飬Ƽǰѹɫס
˺һ֮ƣ
ɫ䣬Ԫǿߣ侳صĴڣ˺һ֮ơ
ˣʲôˣԺη£
ʵĲ
ˣ֪ǻ߻ӣε㣿
Ҳû˸߸ϵģʱһ
ʲôЦ˺һ֮Ƶǿߡ
Ҳ˵Է侳صĴڡ
㲻ǣʵҲǻǿλ档
ȻоЩ˼顣
ǲʵ
Ҫظ
ϣɱˡ
ѹˣǿޱȣ
ģҪĴ
ɫһ䣬һˣæϢŭϢŭȥ߻Ӵȥ߻Ӵ
˵꣬ն䣬Ǹ߻ӣʲôŭԹ£ǿߣ
ʹ֮⣬ңңؿߵĸ侳ǿߣ׷׾ˡ
⡭
ҵϼһӼ乧
Ǹӣʲôݣ

Ϊǿ߻ὫһһŮɱ˭֪·תһһŮƺ䲻򵥡
ɶƽվ֮ϣȴš
Զˣһձ
λǿߣв죬׾پҪǵ
ǿ߸ղ֤ʵǵжϣλǿߣҲ侳ϵĴڡ
ʹȺһй֮ڡ
Ϊ߻ӣƣ׼һСŮ߿֮ϣȥȻʶԷ侳ǿߣҲ⡣
֮У侳ǿߡ
Ǹƻ֮ˣܿҪ군ˡ
ԣСŮ֣˭֪Ӹոѵһ룬˴˽ĺ¡
ŭŵʱֻоһᣬ˴й졣
ҵѽ
ŵСֵһû˶
̧ͷץ˵ģʱŭ԰׵ɫܿתΪ˹ϣҪȥģ
λϵãǻʹļλ֮һ
һλǿ侳ǿߡ
ȥʡ
˿У͸¶
߻ӹȥоҲţƵǻĵ޻
ʣ
߻Ŀ
ʣԪһڣ֮ǰĵۻʣڡ
λڣҲǻҵǿĴڡ
侳ǿߣ
ѵڣҪΪͽϲԼĺҪˡ
ţԺǿԸ޷죿
ԼҺ̼ҵǧС㣬ȥʹߣֻϧŮļ嶼Ǿ壬ҲĶԶŮΡ
Ҫڵĵӣһоȫͬˡ
·𿴵Լδ
ʡ
һƫƧ۵й֮⣬ӥ׽Сһ߻ӣڡ

һӰһ㣬й֮⡣
үү߻ӿǰˣЦ˻
һ׷ͯյˣɨ˶߻һۣʶϣǶԸ
ʣλǿߣ˺һ֮ƣΪҲ侳ϡ
æص
˺һ֮ƣЩ֣ϣ򲻵ѣһѪҲֻˡ
ɨ߻һۣն
߻ӣȥ
߻ԣҲͰ׻ôˣһʱ䣬ɫɷףүүңҰ
ٶ죬ھ͸ͷ
ʱУɫһ䣬ȴٶ˵ʲô
֮Уʵϣϡ
ֻҪһ仰ĸʣۻȥۻҲò
ޱȡ
벻ͨΪλôµǿߣҪ鷳
ʶĴ㡣
ܿ죬Ϳʼٸߣһ㵣ʲôЦҪСӣʶ˷˼

ܿ죬񿴵ߵŮӣ续߳˶ֻһۣ·ͽĻˡ
һΣһŮӣûκаͷ
ǰŮӣ·ȫڷ䣬֮ġ
￴Ÿղ뿪ˣһ˳֣Ļ֪ˣǾ踽߻ӡ
ֻǣ֮⣬һˣҲ˳Ŀ⡣
ˣվһʵϲ⡣
˾Ǿ踽ǿĴˡ
ڳ￴ʱҲڿ˵Уܿ͸ֳ˼Ĺ⻪
ˣ˺һ֮ƣ侳ϴڵǿߣ
ˡ
Ǿ踽߻ӣ
ﲻȥˣĿ磬ϣޱȡ
㡭ʲôˣ
Ҳʶ߲ơ
ɻǵã֮ǰԪʽϱɱɷ򣬱ʬ嶼ûŹǸŮӣ
·Ծ֮£ȴصͳȾѹޱȡ
ǻʹĸ侳ǿߣڳ˵ⷬһ
߻ӡ񡯣ֱеޣ
ΪŮˣʲôģ
û뵽ʶˣҲ֪Ƿǰֱ񡣡

侳ǿߣ׷ۣܽ߻ɱ
㡭ʲôˣ
ɫڱˡ
ǿߣȻΪǸŮ˶
ǸŮˣȻǵãʬ壬ڶй֮ڵı档
żҲ̧й
û뵽ǸŮ˻˿ɽ


228 ʹ
߿֮ϣһƬţǾʣ󹩷׿ڳϺ󣬶Ĭˡ
Ҳ˵˵ʵǼɵ踽Ҳ
߻񣬾졣ŭԹ֮¡
ʲôˣ
ЦˣЦУż
ģ
ѹųɱĳ嶯Ŀ
ҪܿԪ
ļҡ
ԣʱɫ䡣
ɫһô屻ٵˣ
ĵƣɱ⣬߻ϣֻҪӦһǡԥɱ
ûУûС
ɫɷףæҡͷŵƨȫʪˡ
һĻʺüͷһ壬ҵ񶪾ˡ

Щ˻ơ
ڱ⣬йıߡæ˵

̶ƿ𣬳һ̧֣µ
ͬʱץסĶϣĿһȣ֣
˿ɣʱ֣»ᱻǰ˺ƬԸܵ˵ŭ⣬Դݻһеŭ⡣
үүңң
񱻳ץæС
йģĮ

踽ǿĴڣʣһ˳ǰ档
Σǻ֮ˡ
֮˾ôһɱҵϡ
ţ
ɫһϼһ
쵶֣ˣƥĵƣ·˺һС
Ȼ˺һƣ
ʴ󾪡
𣬸޷˵ĵƣԷĵƣ׾پ˺ơ
ʱӦ˳Ϊ
侳أһ
ͬΪ侳أ˺һ֮ƣǰȴˡ
С
ʻæˣǱѣҿ϶ˣֻҪĳ֣ҲҲȻˡ
˺һƣ̫ˣ
ˣ֪ʵǿҾĸֱңһƬصĴˡҾκβ㣬ңǿƣе侳ǿѵΪҵϣ
踽ʣʶ踽ңѹǰ˺̧ңͼѹ
ң
һ漴̲סЦˣɨ˾ҵһۣգµĸǿ»ʹҵϣ˿̣ҽʹѻ޳㣬ţ
㣬ţ
ķʣɫһ䣺㵽ʲôˣ
Ȼ֪е߸ҵʵ
Ҳó޵ķʸ
оǰˣֻʵǿҲΪ¡
ʲôˣ
ɨһۣԼסҵ֣ҽг֪ʲôˣԵۻǰȥͼӴף˵ϣʱ㣬ʲôˡ

ס֡
𺳡
ԣƺĵۻʶ塣
ʲôˣ
·
ؿһۣͺȵ
ʱҲ֣λصǿүүΪɫɷףָ֣Žһ򣺡ڡǡ
ץ񣬽£ָ
ɶȥ
ʹ֮⣬߿֮ϣ侳ǿߣ׷׷¡
ǰһĻ˵Ԥϡ
ǾҵʣһһŮλ侳ǿǰˣ
λǿߣжǿ
ʹ֮Уǰ߿մһըװһĿ⣬ʹӻʹڸ߿֮ϡ
Ƕʶ侳ǿ߽ٻʹ߻ˡ
ǿ϶߻˲֮ˡ
ֻϧ߿֮ϣʲô
ʼգֻһӰ£ӰЯһն
ϡϳǸˣ߻ӡ
߻ӶȥˣѵǻҪˣ
λǿߣǻҶǲ
ˣ߻ӣ
ܿ죬һڻʹĳ𣬿֮ˣһۼĻʹ
ʱΧ˷׷̧ͷϡӰ£ֱڹڶȥ
һһŮǸӵУǱ߻ӡ
ѵղžӳ߻ӹȥ
Ƕû취
߻׶༪١

ʹų߻ӽ£䶯

һУǹ°Χеˣ̾һ
һŽĳۣǾĵۻʡ
䣡
񣬽йı֮⣬̧֣⣬˱ĺʯš
˽ȥеһУ˫еĺ⣬ʢ
⣬һ㶼ױʳ
Ȼ踽߻ı֮ڣȴûһʳȫŮԵʬ壬̧ͷȥһ߾߳Ůʬڱϣ̬죬͸¶ҵϢ
һͿ˲ʮŮʬ
ʮŮʬУûкܿ塣
ʲôط
Ŀǣ˼ʡ
棬档
æǰ·
˽˱⣬˽˱ҲֳòڵŮʬ档
ڣĴ£ٴμ˺ܿ
ĺܿȥĻã԰׵ϣŲٵٺۣôۡ
Ȼ˲ٵŰ
ʦ㣬ˡ
һ֣ʯȡĿںܿ档
źܿ԰˫գĺ
ţţţţţ

﻽ܿΪʦ㡱ɲǣ߻ɫͳױˡ
ۿעںܿϣһ֣뿪

ֻǣӵ
ֻɶһ̧֣һǿԱⴵݺݵغϣ˻
ɫ䣬λòǵŮӣҲһλ侳ǿߡ
ܿãڼϣѪĿ⣬ɨһۣٴν𣬳˱⡣
ҪһõĹľ
ھʹǰ棬һ̨֮ϣʹ
䣬ӹɵİԵ
ʹĹŮŮȻ棬ȴҲֻԶԶؿš
Ƕ֣һӣ߻ӣֿò¡
ϡԿһòˣ׼ȷ˵һʬ塣
ҪľΪ˸ʬã
˵߻ŪŮİãû뵽ġ
߻ߵˡ
ΧǿߣΪλŮԵ߻ӣˡ
ȻɣǶû취

ʹ͹Ůֻߡ
ǻʹ棬úÿһЩṬŮûӳ߻ӵħơ
̫ӣ
̫ˣ
ܿ죬Щ͹Ů̧ͷԶʮҵˣ̤նļϣһɢźĹľ
ף̫͹ľˣ
̫Խľǵۻ⡣
ۻʶλò񻰵ˡ


229 ѪծѪ
ˣǧѩľɱ겻ࡣ
踽̫ӣľڸ̨֮ϣڿеˣ˿ΪԷС
ʲôЦʶϲ˵Ķ֡
ҷ
磬ңң
߻ӿ̫ӣ·ץסľݡ
ֻǣעҪʧˡ
ʼգ̫ӶûһۣˣҸʣۻתһӣɴ˴ãҸʣ岻ʣ˼¡
û踽̫ӣĿ⣬ڹľ֮ϡ
һ֣ľ򿪣һѩ׵ѩһ֪Ƿ
ܿ壬ľ֮У̧֣ľϡ
ظŹľʦ㣬ٵһᣬҰһЩ£Ϊ㱨𣡡

踽߻Ļﻹ֪ϾҪʱɫ䣬ġ

Цһɨ񣬲
̧ͷĮٴμʹ踽ң̽ǰͬǰԪ֮ˡҵޣһʱ䣬©Ը
Ե
̫Եˣ
ʹˣ׷ڳİԵ
ֻǣҲףʵ
ʮˣԶ̤ն֮ǰֹĻ
˵Уһˡ
һˣһòŮӣһˡ
ɨͷ֣侳һߣŮӺˣûʲôΪ
ˣҪ˶ˡ
ɵ˳һۣ˽ˣڸ̨֮ϡ
ˣֻһССʱ߻ӵԪֻǳ䵱ȫ߻Ӻɵİ
غ󣬷·֪Լĩս٣ڵأϵؿͷ
ѪһأֻΪһ
˴ͷŮҲæſͷˣūֻһСŮ߻ӴūȥԪֻΪ;ū澣ū޹ذˡ
˲ϿͷﲢûᣬĿ⣬˵ϡ
ˣӦþ˿е
ʦɷǱɱ
Ŀʡ
֪һҲͷưޱȣɱġ
мְֻϧǰ䣬һϲдɾ͡
ɨһ̧ۣ֡
ֶ֣¡
ˡ
һͷ¶ĺѪ磬ϿͷĹŮϡ
Ůһŵû˹ȥ
ʬأĿĮֻǴӷɴ

ۿɱ˶ͷѪֱݺݿͷ˿ͣЪ
ʦ㣬ڣҾͰ㱨𣬽ıʬΣ
ҧͬʱĿ߻
ɫ䣬𣬷·Ҫʲô
ֻǣܿ챻Цǰɱ
һ̧֣֮˰ա
ˡ
һƵ֣ȥһָ

˻˰ʹòԶŮëȻ
һʱ䣬֣ٴζȥһָ
ģǸΪ˻
ÿʹҪȥʱ͵ͽѣΪֹѪ


ȥÿһѪ£ؽҧʹ
ȴɡ

ˣˣˣˣˣ

ʱ壬ǧٶΣ˻ͣЪ

ܾʱĥȥ
ʼգĿ䣬ǰһУޱľ
ѪծѪ
Ψο庫ܿʦ֮顣
󣬺ܿһգȻΪϲȻجξʹ˽٣һϣ
̨֮ϣ踽̫ӣɫ԰ޱȡ
侳ߣȴҲǵһοп龰
޾η壬ǰ˵η塣
ҹƽؿǰһĻܸܵеķŭңҺ֮ǰûλǿߣȻǲܻ
Ƕʶ߻ӺŮӣλǿߣҪ

̨ԶΧ۵͹Ůۿ߻ɱջ˿һдŵǰ㶼ûˡ
̨֮ϣٱڱˣ˹ȥ
Ȼ̨ȾѪɳϣȴմһ˿
ֻûУǹľҲûС
ɶǻȥʦ㡣
̧֣ľڼͷкɶһ̤ն
ɶͷ̤նӰΣڳߡ
Ӱһ⣬תûʣʧ
䣡踽̫ӣɳȻڵء
ģⱲӶԸټղλǿߡ
ʹ֮⣬侳ǿ߷׷ɢȥ
ջʹڷһУĪһУԴ߻ӵĻ޵
ﶼţȥ֮һҪúø󱲡
踽ϿգĹľ·˿ûӰٶȡ
磬ʦ֪Ϊô࣬ھȪ֮£Ҳеοġ
ɶ΢Ц
ɶû¡
ҡҡͷֻǾÿϧʦ㻹ôᣬиҸļͥɾ
պ󣬳ｫܿĹľԪݳǳ
£ܿһ
ܿĹǰǧĺܿĸĸʹš
󣬺ܿĸĸһСк˳ǰ
ĸʲô
̧֣֣ܿĸĸСкǣ
үǼܿȥû㣬׵ǰһ죬˵ҪܻμĳʽǸöáΣȥ踽Ϊ˳𣬻壬ȫҵĴˣΣ㶼ҪһݣȻѰ
ܿĸףһʵĸˣ˵
ĸ˵ͼˣܿʦǰûչң𾴵ʦ㣬ʦĳҲҵĳҪҹݣⲻʹá
ҡͷ
үллΪҽ㱨𡣡
СкųСȭͷ߬ýģ۵Ц˵ġ
ʲô֣
΢ЦؿСкʡ
ҽкСкһ㶼
СͷЦԺ벻صӺԱߵˡ
롣Скͷ
΢ЦվܿĸĸĸСԺٴЩͽ͵ǳɡڳǻԪУõԴ
Ǻܿĵܵܡ
ΪܿЩʲô
ллүллү
ܿĸĸæл
ܿһ䣬ڳһʱ䣬󲮳´Ԫʯ͵ҩ󣬾ʹɶ뿪ˡ


230 
ȥʳ̽ʦֺ󣬾ͻ
ϴγȥڼǰȥҹֻϧڡ
һŵӿдͻƵ侳󲻾ãͱ䵽ʳȥˣڻʳǵĲҵ
ڣȥһˡ
ϱ
ݳϼҵСү
վĸ߶ȲͬˣڣҲû˺ϱƽϵ˼
ϱһΪҲ侳ء
ʳǣ¥
İ˫ɾ°ŮԶ
еӢŮס
С£Һ͸綼˵ˡ
Ҷ΢Цؿǰˣ;òǳ
ʱ֤һС
ֻǣǶû뵽㾹ṫ֮ӡ
ĿУ·Щʲô
磬ɩӣɵģǸ̾ģȾơ
Ʊ𣬳ҡͷЦ
ã˺Ⱦȥ˵ĻôʶСģ
Ҷɶһߣ˵Ļ
Ҷ࣬ҲǵһμòϣŮӣϧ֮⡣
һĻͳﶼ̲ס΢Цҡͷ
˵Ůһ̨Ϸ
Ůһһһ̨Ϸ
ϵ໥ƣ̸۸ţ̸̸̸
СȻΪɹĺĵӣǻȥǸطǸطססҪģĶõģҪûˣʲôûˡ
ͻȻԳ˵ôһĪĻ
óͫһ
˵Ϊɹĵӵ£ȴûйԶս¡
ڣʲô֪һ㡣
һΣٴμʶһ⣬ǰΪΪ̫ͣʶ⡣
Ǿǡ
λ磬ԪУΪϲĴڡ
ڣףΪԪҶҪɵĻӡ
һУֻΪλ磬һλ侳ǿߣ
ʮͷ侳ǿߡ
츳ǳҲ̲ס̾
Ȼû׿˵ԶսףеġǸطָľԶս
磬㡭㲻Ҳǻ˰ɣ
̲סʡ
ɹֻ֮һ
Уɹ⣬ֻ֪һɲ¡
ԣһգȵ˽Զս֮ʱյ׽⿪
ĻЦЦҲû˵ǣҲû˵ǡ
жϡ
СɶһĶ㣬úϧ
˺Ҷ̸ɶһۣ΢Ц
ͷ㣬ѣҲ֪
磬֪ڻʳʲôҵ
ԼҪȥ̽ﲻ
¥߻ӣǻʳϢΪ֮ͨء
Ƿ¥ϰ壬˵Ԫʳǵġͨ
˵ߣһ̡ôҪȥˣ
ͷţλϵõʦ֣ͱ䵽ڻʳǵĲҵ֪˵ûУ

ʲôüͷ𣺡ϵܺã
ʧ̬óɫһ磬ѵʦʲôˣ
ʲô⣬ȻæԴ
ǵãڣʦһ·ȥûΪϣƲ
ʦ֣һֱĴм
Ҳ㲻ʲô⣬Ȼϵã£һ㻹ȥһɣû´ʱӦþǷ¥úȾơ
˵Ŀ⣬ЩŹ֡
ԣ̲סһ磬ô֪
ȥ֪ˡ
ҡҡͷ֪˵
վ𣬸ɶ˵һ߳˰ᣬ¥˷¥á
Ŀ⣬һƿɨûʦ֡
տʼ룬᲻ˣ˵ˣʦֱˡ
ܿ죬֪û
һǣһݣɢˣϵƣһ̳һ̳
ϧˣڽܳĺĵӣ䵽ȵز
ĵӣѰطϳֻͣϧ˲ðˡ
˵ʹλΪҲǲ跹˼ء
ãΣۻʼҵŮ£ɲԼġ
ϧһλſ

﷢֣棬ٵľƿʱʱһۣ׷š
С˶Уš
ʦ֣
Ӿƿ͵֪Ϸʲô£п
գӢӢʦ֣ҲΪʱ˾ȡ
ͷȾƵ··룬ֻ֪ơ
·ֻоƾеʹࡣ
ͻȻһϤĶУ̲ס̧ͷһۣϳ˳û뵽
ϴˡ
ͷȥװɵ˰֣ϳ뿪
iǰߣһ̳ƣ򿪷࣬ʦ֣ȡ
˵ţһ̳ƣ¡¡¶ǣһ
ʦ֣꣬ұǶʱ䣬ڰʱ򣬵ʱ߹ңˡʦΪξͲϣʲôǹȥģ
￴ֱԵ
Ըʹ˳١
ʦܣǲͬͬġ
ڣװɵִں°̳ƣҸ̶మ໥֮䣬Ϊ˶ԷԸһСɾΪҵݣ˵䲻ϱ̶䲻ϡ⡭
䣡
̧֣һȭڵء
һʱ䣬¥ľƿͣһƬš
ˣҴ
ٲãҲڵĺĵӣһΪ侳нף䲻
ΪᱩʱһĻǳɵˣֻɴڵϣ·ûվ˼
ʦܣ߰ɣҡ
Σ̾˿վ˻ȥһ̳ơ
žΣֱӽľƴ
ʲô㻹ʦ𣿡
ûķʦ֣
վĿȻ˵˴మΪβȥȡΪһЩ˵Ľ룬ˣ
ǲˣĸף
ﻹйȥķ棺˵㲻ģͲ
ʱ¥ľƿǣȻԭˣʦܡ
һЩƿͣǸоЩϤʲôط
ˣǳ
ǳǰʥԺѡεһˣȥ˼ţ
ﲻͽôʦ֡
ǹϵȽϺðɡ

Χľƿͣܿϳ˳׷׷
ϳĳüɲϲ˵￴һֱ֣ӽ𣬿粽ȥ
ǣҪܿͷ֣쵽ʱ·ʯһ㣬ʧ
ʱʶڵʵ֮¡


231 ˽
ߣ
￸߳˷¥ͷһЩƿ͸ʱתһ
ƣһߣľƿ͡
Щƿֻͣоһεѹͷһֻ۰ͰͿųȥ
ӰʧǵǰǵĲ¡
ٱȥѾҲټˡ
ղŵһĻЩƿͶЩ£ǿˡһ侳߽ߣҲδôµġơ
侳߽ףָ侳صصߡ
￸һ磬һƫƧ˵
ֽӵϣĿ㿴ʲôӣڣ꣬һ׷һΪΪںĵӡڣֻССĴۣͽԼѵĸԸһʹ˳٣
ۿûжֵ㲻˵໥ΪԷһҵǺ棬ϲʲô㣬ʲôֵϲģһ۶ֱԣֻھ¥ų򣬿ɱ
ų
˶ȭͷ֪ʱ·˽ս
Ǭ½Ϊһ׷ҪΪǿߡ
ų򣬸ûʲôûԸⱻƺ
Ҳ⡣
ĶȴȻ˵ãΪô˽ֻΪԼ
˽˻ޱȡ
㻹˽
Ц˶ѣ֪Ķ䣬ʲô飿һ̯ţڶʵЭ׷
úɡ㣬ԸҪһݵûܰ㣬ܰģֻԼ
˵һתȥ
ͨˣԵ¥ң㣬𾴵ʦ֡
ƫƧڲÿһ仰˵Ϊ֮Ĳඥһ㡣
ңңųıӰԶȥɢĿ⣬ʵ
һ˫ӣ罣
ʦܣлл
ֱͦһ˱ǹ˸һƳ
ˣ仹һװ磬ȴ·ȡȫˡ
·һ֮
ڻʳǵĲҵһұ̣ò֡
ֻǣգڱæµˣһϤӰ룬֮æͣеĻ
ʦܣûˣ
һ꺺иֵּǡ
ʦ֣ûˣʱ䣬㵣ˡǸȻ
꺺ӣҲڵĺĵӣڻʳǵĲҵҪˣХ
ֻǵڶ֡
ǵ»ˣ
æµ֮ˣ׷һЦ
Ķ䣬ǿҲȰɸûá
ڣָҲΪеˡ
û˾ͺáХ˵ͷЦȥһ·װ磬һ治ϰߡ
ͷ˱̵ĺԺ
һ·Хеǰ˵ԼĴ㣺ʦ֣ˣȻҺͱ̶˴మۻӣҲԴС׼취̶ӳ˽
˽
һǺԪҵۻ֮ŮλĹ˽
ò˵ܴ󵨡
ʦ֣ģҼ̻һ⣬ڡΪѡֲһ䡣

ХЦһʦ֣ܺЦ𣿡
ХҡͷʦܣЦΪˡ֪ʱ䣬ĳ٣ʵԽ֮ǰϵһڣȻ˾Ȼ֧㣬ۻʼҵŮΣһͲˣ㽫ۻʼҵŮܣҴĽ㡣
ڵ㣬㣬ڵĽܳĵӣ
գ¥
ү̸¡˵Ҫ֪ǷҪ
֮⣬һ
ð˫Ů̲סһЦ
Сλʦ֣ͨˡҶü΢ǳЦӯȻ
˵ͷͨҲΪеˡ
С˵Ĵ£߽˰ᡣ
˳⣬ˣһλòǵİŮӣû֮⣬ˣϵá
¥ϰ壬
ϰҶ࣬ҴС㡣
ڳһҲȡ
Ϊ˵뼫ʥԺѡΣ򸾽˽顣
ϰ壬С㡣к
ǰˣǻʳк绽ĴڣҲЩ
˵㣬ڽܳĵӣ鴫ͷһЦ
ȻС𾴵ʦ֣ӽȻҲҺ͸ѡҶк¡
𾴵ʦ֣
ԣһ𣬿ʱĿ⼫临ӡ
ʦܣллΨ֪ǳյͷȣҲûôѹ
ʦ֣֮䣬л
վкԼߡ
ʦ֡ɶҲվ𣬶΢΢һЦһЦ·ܵߵ
ԣ̲סһ
λòںųԪһŮҶࡱŮӣսʱע⵽ˣҲԲע⵽
Ůһʤѩ׳Ʒ֮ˡ
ֻǣ֣ΪҪʦ֡
ʦ֣ɶ￴ЩʧЦŽܡ
ʱڷˣΪɶŮӣʦܳʱĿ̺
Ȼԭˡ
ɶɶһЦ
ؿ˳һۣʦܣǺø
ʦ֣ҿ˵̶Ҳһ˰һЦͬʱΪһơ
ʦܣɶиϰ壬С㡭£ҺⱭƺ󣬾Ҫ뿪ˡ
ǸȻ˵
֮Ϊ
ڣڻʳǾ󣬶֮֡
ʦ֣㼱ȥģһ
һֱԵʦܣɶҲˣϰС㣬ǵѣҶԣһˣҾ˵ˡϣһһڽһ磬̶ӹ˳񣬱̶ڻʳңϾҪȥϣһ뿪ʳǡ
Ҫ˽
һĿֳȻ
ͷǡͨˣȻҺͱ̶ãΪλҪ
Ʊ˵ⱭƣҾʦܡɶϰС㣬ڡ
һһ뿪
Сû뵽λʦ֣Ҳһ֡ҶҡͷЦЦ
磬Ĳʦ˵һ
ɶü΢ʡ
ҡͷһЦʦ֣ȷѡ񡣡
ʳ֮⣬ǰ¶Цݡ
ֻǣܿ죬ɫһ䣬Ϊֳ򲻼ˣiǰɫ˲䡣
̶Ӱ١
ҹ°ӣôĵӣ
ʱը׵ͷ֮ϴɫ䡣


232 ۻʵĳŵ
ܿͷ֣ԼΧס
ףԪҵǿߣ
侳ǿߡ
̶ģ
λ侳ǿߣ˿壬Ŀ罣ͺʵ
̶ֱģҪ㣡
һˣǰ£ѹ侳صĴڣԣûκв
ߣ
侳ǿߣЯ̤ն֮УʹӶȥ
ʳ֮⣬һͣԵǰȡ
ʹǵһڣһ磬Ŵӻʹ뿪
ֻǣ̤ʹȴǱ֮ץġ
û뵽Լ׼һҹű̶뿪ʹΪһʧû뵽Ǳҷˡ
ڣԲµԼٵʲô
°߻ҹ»ңɣ
̻Ի͵Ĵ֮У߸ϵϣһλϵˡ
Ԫĵۻʡ
֮УһٻӰ
ֻǶˡ
ʣˡ磬һжŮ⡣
ŮӣԪҵı̶Ϊ顣
£
ʱ֮⣬һ
ۻڿˣһ˫ӣ͸¶
ܿ죬һΪ侳ˣ˽
¡ۻʻ֡
ǡ˹¡
̶̶æǰȥû°ɣ
磬û¡̶ҡͷһУû¡ûаô
ûСҡͷ

ʱϵȣͱ̶⣺㣬֪
ϥһ䣬˱̶ߣ֪£һ̶֮޹أ½һˣ𷣹
硣̶ϣᡣ
ǵǶ뿸һ
ۻЦĿ˸Ĺʡ
Ůˣס
һʼʹˡ
գ˷̶ǱʵŮҲ˽Ȼ˶뿸һҾѡϣ̶Ǳ̶
ۻĿ绯ֱ͸ģѡߣԪ֮ŵһ̶ٽ㣡
Ի֮ŵ
ζţǵۻҲΥ
Ҹһʱ俼ǡۻֿڡ
ÿˣѡĿ罣ᶨޱȡ

̶ۻʣʣҲ
⡭⡭ԵԵš
ۻʷ·Ǳ÷֮󣬳̾һ
ͱ̶ŵۻþʱۻͻȻ֮⣬̾˿ϰ壬Ӯˣһسŵ
ϰ壿
ͱ̶һ
ʱ˷֣֮⣬ĵӰ˽
˫ŮеӢŮ
رһλŮӣһ£Ǵӻ߳һ㡣
ǡ
ڷ¥ûõĳˣסˡ
ⶼô£

ʱۻʿգǴ֮ϣɸϰ֤ʣͻͱ̶֮󣬾жʽºʽס
ͻأϲãͱ̶Щ¡
л£
лʣ
˷Ӧæлл֮˺ݺݵرһ𣬷·Ըٷֿһ㡣
ҡҡͷۻʶ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬Ǵڣֻʣ³ɶҶࡢͱ̶
Σվǣű̶֣ǰ濴ϰ壬ô£
ףۻܸı⣬λʳصĸϰѲ˸ϵ
һЦҲûʲôҺͱ´˸ģ˵̶ԸΪ˱̶ȥţ˵Ǭ½ߣԼ䱦һŮ˶Լ
ۻʣᶮ
˵ǣֳԳʲô
Ȼû˵עʲô
ҲµˣӦþͱ̶Ƿһ
ΪᶨѡԸΪ̶ȥľģӮˡ
ҲӮˣӮ˱̶ԸԳ
ϰ壬ллǣű̶Ƿл
лңղѡߣȥ˵ۻʣһܺͱ̶һ𡣡ҡͷһЦ
ΣǸϰѡĻᣬġ
һֱ࣬Ե
̶ǳʦܣ֮ǰ˵ġ
̶ֽܸɶɶʦܵĺ֪
ɶԱ̶ͷһЦ
ԭǳʦܣ㣬˵Ԫš
̶ǻҹֹͶ䣬Դҷ緶
ֿɶ΢ЦɶŮһ˶֪ԺǷܻһɶá
ɶ΢Цͷ
һЦݵǣҲЦݡ
ʦ֣ڵԸԳ
ҲΪʦָеˡ
ҹ¥¥Ŀڣȴޱȡ
˫ɾһŮһƷζŷ¥Ƽȡ
ΣŮһ̨ϷˣŮˣ۵һȥ˵Ļ
ʱ뿪˰ᣬæȥˡ
ϾǷ¥ϰ壬Щ飬Ҫ֡
һ˼⣺ʦܣε£лĻʦ־Ͳ˵ˣʦֶ
Ǹˣ׷ǹʣΪҪ
Ϊ
Цʦ֣ҿʲôˣһ꣬ʮ꣬ݳǲŵѡΣϼҵϻɱң㽫ҾµģҪлҲл㡣
ǲͬ
ҡͷʱǻˣҲֵģڵϣ¡
û뵽ʱ䣬㶼ɳȵزˡڣӦ̤侳˰ɣ
ʳ
ͷ̲סһ̾ݳǵǸСӣһתۣ侳ǿˣϣ˲ò̾һǵãϼ˳ֶԸ㣬˵棬ҪϼţľģҶΪ֮𺳡һֱ룬ǸʱѵͲϼ˻¸ңһὫ㽻ȥ𣿡
𣿡
ﷴʵ뵽ʱ龰Ҳп
Īڴˡ
ǰʮľ߲ܻΪһ̸
ԣһ̲סЦˡ
ȷʵᡣ
ᣬͲˡ
ղ˵ֻʳ̽Һ͸ϰ壬ܿҪ뿪ΣҲҪμҺͱ̶պĶʽ뿪
˵䣬żûζ
ģºϲһȲϣպĶʽһμӡ
Цű֤
ҹ˺ܿҲɢȥͱ̶ػʹȥˣɶסңҶΪ׼õϵȿͷ
ɶɩӡ̶һϣʲôأ
ɶ
ɩ˵ˣ˵ܡ
ɶ˫ϣֳǳǳЦݡ
ûз֣ɶżִЦ⡣


233 ټ
Ԫʳ£ϲա
һУԴԪʹĵۻگ
պ󣬻ʹ֮ڣԪҵı̶ںĵٰ춨ʽ
ʳǺͻʳǸУϵ̨ĸ֮ˣյ
ԪϵĻҵ룬յ֮ˣ˭ܲȥ
˭ҲԸҡ
գʳеĸ֮ˣ糾Ͷ֤ۻ֮Ů̶Ķʽ
պ󣬻Ϊ̶ٰĶʽʽĻ
磬ʹǰͨͱ糤鼷һŻ֮ˣ£ʾ˻ʹ֮ڡ
þò
ԭѼȷʵþòϴμ棬ǰ˰ɣ
üԡ

ԭĻʹһʱ
ȻҲһЩ֮ŮԱͣ˽ۣ
̶Ԫһ使û뵽αһһŵСӸժˣֻһͨĺĵӡ
˵Ǹ츳ʮһΪ̤侳ء
츳һԣɷҶڣ㲻ʲôˡ
꣬С㣬˻ңС˽š

ʽڻʹڹһС
Ըıͣ׷׵
ɶͬ˵Ķ飬߽˻ʹ
һ·ϣıͣ׷ҼһλϾ˴кȻû˵õӦȴǰͺ̡
ңϾԪΨһĶ塣
С˵ղμ̶ĶʽվҪ뿪ˣҼȻԸͣһƽ
ɿʱȴƵЦݡ
ǵģ΢Цͷ
ʲôҪֱӸ˵ǧҪҼЦ
һ
Ҽ飬⼸ܵˣЩԲ
²Ҷĺ⣬¶ɶȥҿջסˡ
ͣһĻ׷Ȼ
ˣ֮ˣҼ˿ʲôͷ
ǻҵ̫ӣҲҼ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬ЩߵŮԣʱʱﰵﲨ
ֻǣЩŮԣܿɫɷףæ뿪ˡ
ΪǷ֣˵ߣһλòɵİŮӣʱǸܵĪѹ
ŮӣԲһˡ
ʹ֮⣬Զͣ
֮ϣ˼ˣһߡˣһӺһŮΪףʾ󣬽˻ʹ
̶㻹Сϼ꣬񶼾ٰ춨ʽ׼ºٰʽҲСˣǲҲҸˣ
Ϊ׵ˣߵŮ˵
Ůӣʼգ˪
׵Ļֻҡҡͷûг
֪̹ƺ⡣
뵽ʲô˿Ůӣ̹ܺϣҲζǼҺǼҶԣһ㣬ҪҪǿǣ
ףҸ̹ܡ
Ůҡͷü͸¶ֲ塣
̹
ûǴǾһɫͿӵӵܣȻΪǿڵԴǿȥġ
ʵ̹Ķ֡
Ҫҵķ黨ǲ֮ҪǣΪҪԼǿ
ˣҪã
뵽Ŀ⣬·ЩƮ
ǰеһĻĻ·ոոշ
ûз֣Ǹˣһķ

𣬼𼸷ֿɬ
գǸ᾵ˡ
䱻ϣȴվڼʥԺѡʱһʵˣԪ
뿪Ԫţš
츳һΪȻס
Ҽһѡ񣬾ǵϵΪǰ;ԣ
ͬһͷ
ÿΣģȫǻ⡣
Ϊ̶ٰĶʽܿͿʼˡ
Ŀ֮£ۻΪף뿪
ţǸͣɻʱ䡣
εĶʽڸ֮˶ԣһý飬ԽʶѡԺڷﵽԼﵽԼڵ
ʦ֣ϲ
ϲ
лʦá
Ŀ⣬ЩŹ֣ײɨ˲ԶӰһۣܿ˻
ֻǣһۣǱˡ
תͷȥסˡ

ֻһϳ

ĳռʥԺʶһ㲻ѧԱ˵Ż
ɶߡ
ͻȻоһƵĿ⣬ȫϣ̲סתͷ
Ǽ
ûĿˣռʥԺѧԱȿˡ

ǿ˼겻ûʲô仯Ǹһ㣬ٻ

ɶų֣̲ס˼֡
ӳĿУǰĹ£֪Ĵڡ
Ȼ·𿴵һ겻ѣɶ˹ȥԼ΢΢һЦþò
˵꣬տʱ˵ȥԼ
ڣô£߸ɶ飬Լʱͺһ㲻İİˡ
شк
áþò
ԿĿĽྻ̺κʱڿһİˡ
ģ̲סʹ
ʱʶԭôҪĵλ
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬ߵɶ
һϮ£ףƮݳŮӣǵòΪɫױȥ
Ůӵǰ˼Ա
㣬Ǽ𣿡
ɶԼһЦŮˡ
ݸ
ǵһμɶô¸ҡ˴к
ܲµԭﰵЦ
ɵѾͷ
ǣҽм
ͷЩʧ񣺡һ£Ͳˡ
˵ţתȥ
ֻǣȥ֮󣬻ʱʱڵķû뵽ջڻʹ֮Уٴμ
֪Ҳڣ
ѹĻںޣ·𳹵ױҪ˺ѡ
ģҲ
ʽĿ⣬ʱ䶼ڳϡ
ˣˡ
ȴһŮˣ֣ǵһ
ŮˣֻһͨŮˣл𼸷ֽȳڵŮ˳ɫ
ƫƫŮˣʲôطҪɫöࡣ
ǹȥϣŮӡ
˼ʡ
ʽҹĻĽ٣
ɢʱ򣬳ʶǵһĿ⣬·Դˣ޶á
Щ£ȥˣǹȥˡ
꣬Ϳˡ
οڡ
ҹ¥¥У˫Ůٴһá
򸾺򸾣ΪɶС
գɶҪ뿪


234 Ǳ
磬Ԫʳ֮⣬Ӱ֮С
׼뿪ǰʳǵĳɶ
ֱɶӰûʣʳϿյһ˫ŮջǵĿ⡣
û뵽Ķӡ
̾˿Ŀ⸴ӡ
ȻһֱûԼҵˣȻڣȴһۻʵѪ
Ѫɷָ
ǲʵ
Ҷ·ɷ򶯵ûгߣ벻
뿪Ԫ󣬳ɶûֱӷػʳǣȥ˼š
ţһʱķչľ߹ģȻǰʢʱڣһβ̵ľ룬ףһŵĸҪʱΪġ
Ұæţźܿ³ɳ
һεţ˲ûһ˼գ뿪ػʳǡ
ɶ
ȥ·ϣ￴ɶ
ôˣ磿ɶգһ˫ɻؿ
ɶһһɹɡ˵
ԣɶһ
ЦһΣҪȥԶսûɹҲȥ棬Ҳģʳǣõѡ񡣶ң˵ĸ¿ܻӵعСĸ׷ֿʱҺú𣿡
ЩǷѵɶĻ˫̲סֳֺ
ĸô
磬ԼҪСģɶ
ɶԳ˵
һġͷ
º
ʳǣʹϿաӰ
ǳˡ
һΣݹûиǡ
ˣжɹǿ߱Ҳõ;ǷΣա
硣
ӰûƲãɶȴٳûջĿ⣬ͺ񣬳ﻹƬ֮һ㡣
һȥ·ʧȥ˼С
յġ
ˣһ·նУٶȼ졣
º˾͵īʯ۹ʧǣһʧǣ˼ȥ
䡪
ͻȻԶ߿֮ϣµը˷ɢ
һӰֱ滹׷һˡ
һĻˣܵ׼˿Ը¡
Ǭ½УΪʲôطⲻ໥ɱˣҲϰˡ
ɣ
ˣϲźɫӥӰ츳ͨ
ƾͨڿеٶȼ죬ǰߣã׷ǰߡ

סΣĿһӴܵǰϡ
ǰߣһˣ磬ƽֱ뺷Ϣ
ֻǣԵǱѣӣҲȥķ
Ȼ
ϳˣǵյʧǣɱĦƶ׵ܵܺھ¥뿪Ҳ춴쵤ĸ
쵤ʮݲһ㣬˭ôӣ׷ɱ
ܣʶ
ɿﾪɲĿ⣬ʡ
ҵѡ
һ仰ӭȥ
ɺͳһۣȻǳѣ£ȻԹۡ
ǣͨ壬һ·巽ȥǱѡ
û뵽ʮڶϢô񣬾ƶ壬Ҫɱ޻ʮƶ
һɱ춴ƶݡ
ʱϢȸں󣬽ΪӮҡ
ԣ
춴汲ĻҵǾĿ
ֻǣϢˣΪͱһΣ侳ߡ
Ҳˣƾͨٶʤһ侳ߡ
Ϣ·뵽һ㣬ɳóٶȵ嶴ӥ
ӥͨǡӥͨһٶȼķͨӥٶȣԶʤ
սǺӥ֡
ٶȣҲûӥ졣
̲ס𼸷־
֣
ʱߣһϤ
Ǵǰ洫ղע⵽侳ߣ߷Ӷ
ע⵽ˣֻǣû˻ְ
Ǭ½֮УɱǼΪѰ֮£û˻£ǻ

ܿ죬Ϳ˵һ˵ףѹղž;óϤ
ˣߡ
Ҳͣ¡
׷Ϣ嶴ӥĿ˶ţڳɵϣһ侳ء侳ءȻˡҲͲʲôˣȫȥɣ
֮䣬Ϊš
ӥǰ벽侳صǿߣƾӥͨٶȣ侳У֡
˵ֻ侳غ侳֡
ǸϿ뿪סӥǲĶ֡뿪󣬼ǵ취֪ͨ춴ɱ֮ˣϢ嶴ӥ
ڳܳԼܸм
ҲףӥʵԺѰ侳߱⣬˺ҲδػǺӥ֡
Ȼȥչֳ˿Խ׶Եеʵ
Ȼ侳غ˺һ֮ƵĲ࣬蹵ҪԽ׶ԵУѡ
֪ͳ磬˺һ֮ƵĴڡ
֮Ҳˣǰǡ
׷ĻգһҲӲˡ
ĶӥЦӥͨһ˷·˺ɫ磬ˡ
ϢһӰڳ˵ǰ
һλˣͨ˶ѾҲҲ֡
̧֣ɵڿ䵴ɢ޾
䣡
ӥӰײڻɫϣȻһסǰΡ
һѪ³ӥĿ¶ֵضǰˣ侳ǿߣ
ӥû뵽ߣе侳ǿػ
ףգɱˡ

һӥٴλһɫ磬ֱӲԶ
գΣҲҪɱ
ȻһŻȥϢӭ֮֡
ǰˡ
λˣɹɳǿߡ
ɣ߶ɹػߡ
ͷٴ̧𣬻ɵٴνӥ¡
ǲǹܵЩˣ
ȻԷǵ侳ǿߣӥЩ˳ɱҪӻҲˣ˾ֱס
ߣ
˻ǵĿ⣬Ȼɱһš
оԼΧĻ˸ӥɫ䣬ӥͨӶ뿪
ֻǣɵ˷ֶҪȥĺӥ
ӥ֣ЩɵȻȫʩΪ޷忪
Ϣĸоúӥӣ͸¶ֿ־塣
ˣ
вӥʮڶϢ嶴ġ
һˣʲôûˡ
ֻǣ˷·ûĻһ㣬ɿݵѹ£ɵȻ£

һҽ˺ѳգ˽ӥ壬Ӳѹ
Ѫգ˳һƽ⣬ɴ˫˼ؿһĻ


235 ٽĿ
лǰ
λˣǵ侳ǿߣǱĸ׻ҪǿĴڡ
񣬸
˵ͷնӰ𽥻һɵգʧ
лˡ
뵽ղŵһĻЩ¡
գλջԵɺʶСֵܣˡ
֣ϢΪҪɱ㣿
Ϣʮڶš
ǸղǸӥҲ˵Ϣ嶴ʵǿ
ϢҰ̫Ҫ춴ȡ֮ӥɱңǴ޻ƶ¾Ϣ⼸Ҳû뵽һǡ
˵У˸â
춴ĵλ治һ㣬Ӧòֻ쵤ĸô򵥰ɣЦʡ
ʱҲû춴Ҹס
ǳȵģЩ£
Ȼʶ춴λҲû뵽ôһݣѹϢҪɱ޻ƶ
һϢıóѣ춴ؽƶˮݡ
Ϣ֮
֣һ̰ɡ
֪ϢҪɴ˰˰ﵽףͷ͵
֪⣬мһЦ
򣬵ƹ
ᵽĺ塣
·ϣҲԼĸͱɣܸ
˵˶Ϊɹĺĵӣһ
ɹǰʱٰĺĵѡΣҲš
Ҳ֪ɹֻʮĵӣû뵽һԾͼ̲סЩ
ܳΪɹĵӣҲϡ
ǵãϴμﻹֻ侳ߡ
ŹȥãһΪ侳أ
ͻ춴ܾ󣬳âϿգһ۾âվûн£һ𣬼·ǰɹ
ȥ󣬱ؽһȷѪꡣ
Щע޷Ŀá
º󣬳ˣǻصɹ
ʱλһ·ػǵǿߣ׷˵
лǰ
ˣǰλػǷ
˺λӵͨĴ֮⣬һλػ֮ˡ
λػߣԳ˵ͷ󣬷ֿȥ
ɹǵְˡ
ˣյʵӦĽȥӦ
ʮպǰԶս
ٴοˣӦһƵʣھĿʱ䣬ʱ䣬ԼԼΪΣٵľ֣ĴǿߣЩˣ츳ǲ
˵ͷ뿪ʵ
ԶȥıӰӦǺЦϣǲҺ͹ʧҺ͹Ǻܿǵġ
Ŀ⣬ոǼǵλϣڡ
һλĳϡ
磬ɡ
λϿ˵ĺĵƺҲЩȣܿΪ˵ǼǺã֮ڣǻܽĿһ¡
лһ󣬳ˣٴν˾Ŀߡ
ףǲ˾
ԾĿϿգ£ܿ죬ͷһϤӰ˾硣
˾һ˶š
УΪ֮ˣϵã١գµ١
˾û뵽һñǻ硣
ͳ硢ˣ̤ն䣬˾ߡ
˾翴ˣ̲סһЦҲǽյ
ߣ˳֣١ɫһվǴˣ뿪ˡ
û°ɣ˾硣
û£ҲǸ˾ҡͷ
գͱ١ϣҲΪ
˵ǰ١һöת
˾翴Ŀ졣
١ɹĽܳĵӣʮ꣬һΪ侳ء
գ˵١ܣЩš
Ȼܻ侳صɣ侳غ侳أȷʵͬն
һжġ
ҪȻ١Ҳôɴȥˡ
˾ͻˣ
ɿ˾磬Щȡ
ĸǰĿڵͻơ˾ͷһЦ
˾ͻƣҲζţ̤侳ء
ڽԶս֮ǰͻƣһ£ζܶ༸ʵԶսԱ
˾ϴβھĿ£ôܽ档
ֻһ¹ʮһ죬ھĿ죬죬׼úڵ˾Ц
ϴͻƵ侳غ󣬾뿪˾Ŀߣûٶ
ţˣһ
ߺ󣬳ʯ̨ϣ֣ͨͷ
Ƭ߲֮⣬ԴԾͨһ㣬ֶ䡣
ʼ𹦷ˡ

֮󣬳˫ƺƿҪͻƣҪһ
Ȼ˺һƣͻƵ侳أֻʱ⡣
ȻҲǻƿġ
ƿҪôʱȥƣҪôѰһͻƵ˳ͻơ
ǰ߼򵥣ߣ
գʱ䣬оһ¡ɵ⡷Ƶǲ֡
ȡˡɵ⡷ط
ɵ⡷УƵǲ֣ƾ롶ɵ⡷ƥ˺һƣ׾޳ˡ
ڲģڷϵĸƣ뵶Ϊһ塣
ں֮ƣ
ʱţԼʵõʱ
㲻ܺ͵侳ǿ߱⣬侳֮£Ӧú֡
ҹ·֪ƣһ㣬зɵͨϵػӶţʱӶ
ﾲĸſԺ͵ڵķơ
ҹȥ﷢֣һƷƣĥ͸
Ͼ켶似ô׾ɣҲ㲻ϡˡ
ﰲοԼȴЩź
ףڡɵ⡷켶似ϵ·ҪߺԶȻĵ̤˺һ֮
ɷƣȴûͷ
˷ƣҪѵһ
ں֮ƣƺͷںϣ޼䣬ӳԶһһ
ʯ̨ϣܿ˯˹ȥ
ٴʱѾһһҹĳ뿪ߡ
Ƕ뿪ˡ
̵硢ɺ˾߿һۣ߳ڵ϶ˣõϡ
ˣն׼뿪Ŀߡ
䡪
һ죬ͷ֮ϴó̲סĿ
ʱ﷢֣ΧһȺɹĵӡ
˵м䣬ڽ֣˵ٶѸޱȣ໥
ֻǣһˣܿ·硣
ˣһ˫ͨӵߡ
ͬʱӵˮͨһͨͨΪ֮ͨӰͨѩס
ڰ׻ͨ
û˵ݣ˵ݣѾеˡ


236 ŤĴ
Ĵ
īʯ۹ҾŻӣʮ󿡽ܵһˡ
ʦֺǿĴ˫ͨӵ߶ԶĶ֡
ʱĶߣһɹĵӵ
Ŀ⣬ʱһ˵ϡ
һˣжסΣȥ

ɹһУʵֻ١֮µĺĵӡ
ﻹǵãǰѹԼҪС١
Ĵīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵһˣˡ
ɨĴһۣЦ
Ĵɫһ侳أ侳أ㲻Լʤ֮ô
ʤ֮䣿
Цˣǰͬɹʮĵ֮һҲ侳أȴĿ֮£˱һǿ١ֵ㣬;ʤ֮䣿
Χɹĵӣָָ㣬ĴĿ⣬Ū֮ɫ
Ĵɫһ
ĺĺóȣ
ڽһԼ̧߳
ˮ
ˣ̲סһŻֻǡ޴йǹĶ֡
ۿ˶ҪٴԼ֣Ĵɫһ䣺ҳҲĶ֣㻹ҪΣ
ҪΣȻǽ̽أԺңúúһʦ֡𣿡
ϣֶͨ£һ֣ͽĴİ׻ͨ
ĴɫǺ죬ֿܷ
ȥ
Զ￴һĻĿƽ
Ĵīʯ۹ҾŻӣʮ󿡽ܵһˡ
Ҳˡ
ǳ
ڳ׼뿪ʱΧһЩɹӣϳ˳
ǰɹĵѡΣɹ
ھĿڣɹԭһǿߣ١
ʵõкĵӵϿɡ
ɹĵеһǳո͸١Ĺ⻪
պһɳ죬ڻ¡

Ҳ˳ͣƬ̣Գ΢Цк
ţ֡кĴ
Թͷնǰ£޶á

ĴվûסﴫЩĺĵӣһ·ˣעܺ١һպԶսУЩҪŽģңȥ£һʹҿԲǰӣΣ
ȥ£һʹ
ǰӣ
˵ʵĴĴЦ
ʱĴһ߸ϵģ
úʩһ㡣
ĴҴûҪ
һ䣬̤ն뿪˾Ŀߡ
ȫΪǡԴĴ

ĴؿڱסһҲﲻסĿߣĴ㣬죡
ĴҶ򲻹ҳ鷳
Цˣ䣬ŰֱͨӽĴˮͨҲ
Ĵ˫ͨƣͨɣҡΣƮҷСʱ׹ķա
ˣҲˣīʯ۹ңޱȵľŻӣīʯ۹ҵȷʵܶԸ
Ļӹд
ô̶
ô
Χɹĵӣ̲סЦˣĴĿУ˲м
һʦ֡ұŹ㣬Σ
䣬ڶԸĴڴɳ
ֻǣɳǸӲͷ
첻
󣬲ˣҪӰ쵽ɹ¡
ʱĹϿգһӰ£һλˡ
Ȼγ϶ˣԵӡ
ͷ֣ͣɨһĴɣ߸ϵĵ۹Żӡ
ʼգҲûĴĴΡ
ȻĿ׼ɱ¾
ҲףԶսüޣɹǲЩҪԶսĺĵӳµġ
ǰʱҲ㹻
һʱҲʵˡ
ԣֻǻĴĴɱĴ
󣬽֮裬Ĵգʮ
Ĵǰºݻ
㵽ף
󵭵һЦһ㶼Ĵв
ƣаܵ壬뿪ĿߣϸľʹĴҧأоѪĳޣĴģŹǡӽ嫵Ǭ½Уûǣûң
ĴѪԡ
һǵһܵ衣
һУԴڹ󣬻г
ȴҲǹİס
Ȼ֪ĴڶԼ֮ǣ֪ҲֻһЦ
ա
̨ϣʮλǿߣվߡ
һߵʮλǿߣǰڣǰͨɹĵѡ֮ˡ
һߵʮλǿߣ١Ϊ׵ԭɹĵӡ
Щĵӣɹһĵеٮٮߡ
񣬱ϣƽվڷ̨ϡ
еһЩĵӣڰԽ档
˭Ҳ˭
ȻҲ⡣
ﾲվɽ
̨ϣɨһ쫷磬ȴ޷ֺϡ
Щ·ڿܿ
ǰ١ϢӾĿߴܿʹɹ
ɹЩĵӶףᣬȴǲãһλΪߡ
ʲôɹãɹ˼ꡭˣλӦþǵУǿλ١ɣ
çɨһ۲ԶһĵӣĿ١ϣô˵ǰܸʮ˵ĳأ
ͷ˵Сĵ㡣
١Ŀ磬ǿƣϯççɫһ˫ȭ
֮ƣ֮
١̫ˡ
ʱۿ١ѹˣϳ쵶𣬷ƥĵƣ׾ٽ١˺
çûκζУҲ֦ͬ
ֻǾ֮͡
١ɫһ䣬ȴҷǰһجһ㡣
΢ЦԳһͷçٴο١ʱһЦʤ
գȾ˳ߣĴˡ
Ĵɫˮ
͸˳
գ裬ﲻŲʡ
գçǱ١ġơԼѹȣΪͷ
ãǹģ
ģŤԳĺޣҲ˼¡
Ĵ˿Ȭˣգǲ˼С֡
١֮µԭɹĵӣçĻʱ򣬹󿪿ˡ
һڣʱߵļĵӣŷЦǰĴĿڣ˵ͦصģӰԶսɣ
Ӱ죬һˣԸ˵ġ
ĲУͱǿ
ӣͦģΪ飬ǿԴ˵ġ

һЦĴУ׻ɫɷס
çԭЦݵɫ˲̣һĿⲻɨĴһۡ


237 ɳ
١ΪЩĺĵ⣬ҫ
ĴŰ裬Ǵ衣
ߣ۹ʮ󿡽ܵһˣ涪
çֹһ
Ȼ󣬵ǴĴĶУɫһ䣬ȵç˵һΣ
ç̧ͷͺһ˵һΣĴ֮ѣô˵㣬ֻҡīʯ۹Żӣҵǣҳ㣬ŶûУ
սç㵽ףΪç㲻ɣ
֮䣬çϣ֮𣬾ȫ֮УƬ޼䡣
ç˺һ֮ƣ
ֻˣϣ嫵֡
侳أ
һӦȵؿçһۡ
ǰĵѡϣçֻ侳ߣ˺һ֮ơ
ç˺һ֮ƣֻˣΪһ̤侳ء
ʱ䣬Ľ˾绹
ղžҲ֣çҲ١ơ
а̲סп
çһȻͻˣվçߵɽȵ
ٺ٣ɽпյĻдд裿ڵɽ£çЩͻ
ɽȻɵҲͻƵ侳˵ɡ
ںçһսȫŰ
ǰһ̻Ĵçչֳǿʵˮ
ȫû뵽ǰԶçڵǰͻˡ
çûκΰա
ç̤ӣ̤ǵ۹ķϣҲƽϡ
ͺһĴçһۣв֮⡣
çɫһ䣬û뵽Ĵôɡ
õ۹ѹ
ʱ治ҼĴˡ
η壬ȴԸΪԼһʱ֮죬Լˡ
Ĵ˻ٻʲô
ֻҪˣĴевһЦĴ棬۹ʮ󿡽ܵһˣѵҲǺٻûģҿ˵çɽʮ󿡽ܵˣʮ󿡽ܵڶˣǿ
䡣
Ŀ·
Ĵɫͺһı˪
ǡ˵𣿡
ʱ̨Ͽգһϵݶ䡣
ó̲ס̧ͷ
ԭ֪ʱʵӦ͵ˣղŵ־磬ԶڶС
ˡ
ˣæӦ
Ӧ££͸¶ޱȵϢ
˲䣬Ӧϣµ⾳֮ǵϯڳĶʮǿߡ
ʱڣɫ䡣
ǵ侳ǿߵ⾳֮˺һԲ֮ƣҪһΣǡơʱ䡣
ÿµ⾳֮
ǿ⾳֮ѹóﶼЩ
Ӧ⾳֮ԶѰ侳ߵ⾳֮
һЩĵӣͷ󺹣ɫס
ڣӦ⾳֮ջأڳĶʮλǿߣظ
ʱӦĿ⣬һһɨǰĶʮλǿߣҲɹʲôìܣԶս֪˭ҶԼ֣ʲôɣ
ڳ֮˽Զսغɹ棬ɹȻҪ¹ء
ҪȻûԼ˾ﷴһɢɳɲ
ɹԣٺһ档
ˣӦĿ⣬ڳ˵ϣϵ⾳֮֮
·ֻҪ˸ҳɣ⾳֮ͻٴνһ㡣
ˡ
һȿڡ
Ӧ̫ǿˡ
ӦҲǵ侳нǿߣ侳ϵĴڡ
һ·صɹǿߣԶûӦǿ
ˡ
ڳ֮ˣһ˸ҲӦ
ʲôЦˣͷϣʱ˳⣬ֱ
ǣȾˣߣ
Ӧһ£ն
ˣæȥ
ɹ֮⣬һλվΪһˣʮˣ
ʮУˣˡ
᪹
Ϊ׵ˣ΢
λˣǰǰԴƬ֮ˡ
ɹһλ᪡
ʮУ￴ף֮ǰ͸硢ɹλɹǿߡ
λǿߣҲ˳ˣ΢΢ͷǴк
ˣߡ
ɹ᪣ɨ˳һۣ̤ն
᪣ΪɹϵĹʵʵ
ÿһʧԭأٴγ֣ʮ⡣
⵹سЩơ᪹ʩչĲʲô似Է֮⾳򣡡
˵ס
⾳֮
һˣƺƵ֮䣬뿪ɹڹ·⹬ɶԶȥ
Ȼڶߡ
᪹ǰ½һ߶ȥ
ˣǴȥԶսҪȥ죿
·ϣç̲סӦ
Ӧ˵һ·ҪչǵٶȣżϢӦҪҵʱ䡣
£
çһôԶ
ǻģɽׯΪչǵĺĵӣҲҪ²ִܵ
Ӧֵ
ӦĻ˵飬ƽ˲١
ڳ֮ҲףϺȣԱ᪹Ӧʮλɹǿߵٶȣһʱ䶼ҪܵĿĵء
侳ǿߵٶȣԶ侳ܱȡ
ر˷֮⾳ĵ侳ǿߣٶȸΪ¡
硢ɺ˾磬С
˸Ʋ֮µĲãأ·֮أǹȥûġ
ɹλīʯ۹Ķ߽磬ֻǸ˼ʱ·ҲѾ뿪īʯ۹
Ҳ֪Ƭأʲôط
ɻ󣬶īʯ۹Χĵ
ûǴƬأӦڵ۹£ɳС
ʱ˾翪ˡ
ɳ
ɵͷƲ֮µĻĮǿĮеɳż쫷ɨֳɳľΪءīʯ۹Լ¸ΨɳĮеɳɳľ󡣡
ԣɶīʯ۹ĵ
̫ӣѧš
Ȼ
ɵĻ︩£ܿͿĮеɳһ쫷ɨ˻ƺеˮʶ
һſϸ΢ɳ·۳һƺӡ
ߣС
Զй͵ڣīʯ۹ŻĴＸ˵ۣЦһ
Щ蹷ϲҧˡ
ɨĴһۣĿ͸¶⡣
ĴɫһûзƱǿ
ԶսõƬص۹ңȻŹＸˡ
ʵǰص۹ңҵ鷳
ʶ߶ɹǿػѹеͷ
ͷֻʱѹ£Ҫʵ֡
κɹġסɣＸ˵ߣûɹǿػ
Ὣɹܵһ裬ֻ


238 ɽׯ
ɹһˣƺƵǰԶս֮ء
һ·ϣżЪϢȴҲǲͷ¶ΪʣԵΪ
ЩǬ½߶ԣǼΪƽ¡
ҹϡɹһˣһƫƧɽ֣ǽϢ֮ء
ǡ۹ɭ֣ǽΧϢмǣͼΧɭΧżǿ֪ǲһһҪǣȥɭֵС֣֮
֮ʵӦͿһжʮˣ
֣֮
˶֣һȺѣһУ侳ǿߡ
ǿ˳еӦ˵ɭֵ򣬻ŸǿġЩǿԻΪεǿڣУǿߡɭֵЩһǷɱǵǻһʱ֡

ԻΪεޣ
ֱš
ڹȥǬ½УӴģӹɡ
Ȼ֮⣬һȺΪӴ
Ǿޡ
ޣ๲ͬƬء
ȥʶͨޣʵ侳ߡ
侳ߡ
侳ߡ
侳ߡ
֪侳֮ϣе侳ǿߴں󣬳Ͳһ֮ϣǷҲе
ʵǿ󣬿ɿԣ𾪡
֮ϵĵָǺεǿ
ӦһԵҲµʶԻΡ
߳ɭֱ֣졣
ĴҸطϢһ磬ϡ
Ӧ˵һͱ᪹ϣһȥˡ
ʮλɹǿߣҲɢ
֪ɭ֣ŵȻһϣʵشΧ
ҹ硢ɺ˾缸Χһ𣬿
ʱļڣƫ򺮼Ȼ񣬲庮䣬Ĵڣİ
ɣʶ㣬
˾ɡ
ۿֵܶҲΪڻվ⣿
εǿǻۿࡣ
޶ĵ⣬Źࡣ
ͻȻＸĿһֻ΢ĽŲڿǡ
˭
תͷ
ٺ٣ҡ׳˶ӰӴֺ߳ç
ç𣿡ʡ
û£ҾǿлǣϽѻϨҪȻȺͲˡçЦ
çˡ
˾翴çЦΧޣ޺ޣΪУԶԶطǵϢͶˡһޣͨҽϾ޺ء
޵ʶǿ
رϵޡ
ٺ١ȷʵҶˡ
çЩΣҾͲˡ
ۿçȥһЦçе˼ǰҲûкγ֮û뵽Ǵôľȡ
ʱ䣬çʹһ˺һ֮Ƶ侳ߣɱһ侳ߡ
𾪡
һߡ
ӰһòĴ׳֦ϡ
īʯʥԺˣɽ͸
ĸĿƽˮңңԶ
֪ʱУֳκͿɬ
һĻɽ̾˿Ϊȥ꣬˭֪ٴμ·ֻص˹ȥ
ĵһħϡ
ֻԼսʤԼ
һ仰ɽ֦һյأ£Ŀ
̧ͷмؿɽһۣǸεЦݡ
ֺγ֪
ֻǣһ뵽ȥ׵ܵܣȻ
ΪӦĸ룬һ˵Ҳʵһ϶ƽ
ڶ磬һ˼·
·;ңԶģ˾죬֪ĵ˻֮ϣΧһЩ˵Ĺ

ʱտϴƵ΢Ц
£
Թ󣬳ûʲôУЩøУΪԼֻΪ˳ۡ
ǲǺ棬ɹ֮⣬Щôô֪
Цʡ
֪Ŀһ
Աߵɡ˾磬Ҳ
ٺ١𣿡ʱԶçЦſ
çЦʡ
çͷ
ܲЦĿ⣬ԶĴһۡ
ע⵽Ŀ⣬çҲһЦ
˿˵ǳζͶ
ܿ죬ɫڽܣɹ֮⣬Ĵֱ̫ܽڡħɲºɽׯ
ɲ£ǰＸ˾Ӧ
ǴеĿĵأԶս֮أɲµȷֵġ
ɽׯθճʱӦҲ
Ĵɹȣʲôر֮ô
çʡ
ĴУ̫ܽڡɲ£һšħɹɽׯǻеһࡣ
ǰã˵ɽׯĿЩŹ֡
ࣿ
˾ʡ
ɽׯ٣޶࡭
˵ң˵ɽׯׯУׯׯ࡭ǻΪεġȻЩֻǴţΣδؾǿѨ硣
ɽׯλׯǵ
ＸҲȻ
˵ɽׯӣʵԦֶΣԼԦǿޣǲսͬߣɽׯӵĶ֣ΪɽׯĵһսֻҪҪԦޡ
һ
çЩȡ
ͷÿһɽׯӣܼԦһֻʵ൱ޡ
Ｘԣһ
ޣ԰ڱĿơ
żָҲʵѹǶйĪ£Ϊ˱ߡ
ļϻֺ˾ͽף߶һֻ
ֱǳںͽ
ֻޣֺ˾ͽףҪ࣬һǺͬǿ߽սµ𲻵κô
Ҳƽʱ䵱ŻŻˡ
ǿǵѪµֻ
ֻʵ侳ߣѪ֮䣬żĸ顣
ܰϴæ
ÿһɽׯӣܼԦһֻʵ൱ޡ
ò˵ⷬóɽׯˣµʶ
Ԧͬޣ
ɲһ򵥵¡
ɽׯУרŵԦֶΰɡ
ﰵ
νԶսӦû취޴ȥɣ
뵽ʲôʹ
ԶսŴ¡ƣɽׯǿ߼ԦޣͲ֪ˡ
ǼԦޣӦû취Զս


239 ɲ
ˣǿԽԼԦ޴Զս
ҡͷиֳļɵ
ʲô
çɫ䣺жʮˣʮֻȥ
Ҳ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ʮֻͿȶʮλ侳ǿˡ
Ȼǡ
˵ɽׯһֻȥʮˣʮֱʮԦ
֪һͶСЩͨơ¡
ʳ˰ڣ˵ɻ
Զս֮գơ¡ֻöʮ֮˽롣
ʮ˺ޣᱻų⡣
ͣȻСֻȷʵͨơ¡ԶսǲҪˣЩɽׯĵԦɽׯԦֶΣǴ֣ǼԦÿһֻмǵϢԶơ¡ơ
˵ԣһνԶսɽׯӽһ󾢵УɽׯӣһҪСġ
һ
ɽׯ˲ټʶ
ԦֶΣ̶ֳܵȣƵǳ뻯
ɽׯӼԦмǵ֮꣬޼䣬ټɽׯӻ츳ͨƾ裬ԦҲ츳ͨ
ͬһߣȷʵԺɽׯӿ⡣
ɽׯӣûпܼԦǿ޽Զս
뵽ʲôɫأʵ
Ļ缸ҲӦ
ǰһΪ侳صɽׯӣܼԦһֻżԶս޵ˣ
Щˣ˭⣬˭
ż侳ǿߣǳϣҲûκΰա
ģܡ
˽Ｘ˵ĵģҡͷһЦɽׯԦֶΣȻ棬ȴҲܡһ侳صɽׯӣǿΪԭĸԸԦҲΪԦܳмϢһУΪơ
ƣעɽׯӣֻԦͬޡԣȫõġ
ĻóＸŵģ˼֡
ɽׯ
𼸷ּɵ
ɽׯӣܴԼǿԶսɽׯӵսҲС
ɽׯһǿ֮ˣ侳ء
ͻȻ뵽ʲô֪ܻ١Ȼ١ҲԶ˵Ķ֣ǧҪСġУСʷ͡
ʷ͡
ɽׯһһˡ
ס֡
ˣԶսһ󾢵С
ɽׯӣԦ֪ͬɽׯղīʯ۹ˣ
çʡ
çɽׯ
Цˣ͸çĴ㡣
çٺһЦɴ㣬Ͼ㲻ɹĺĵӣɽׯܸõҵʵӦûῼǰɽׯ
ＸҲ
çԡ
ɽׯǵʵǣһȤ
ῼǰɽׯԦֶΡ
Ԧͬޣչֳʵɲһһô򵥡

çҸղź˵ɽׯ٣޶࣬԰ɣç
šçͷ
ղȷʵ˵
֪Ϊʲôɽׯô𣿡ʡ
çҡͷ
ΪҪΪɽׯĵӣΪ̡ʦҪ̣һУҲδһԦ츳ɽׯˣ֮ôٵԭ򡣡
˵
çȻ򣬴Լͷ̾һҪΪɽׯĵӣô򵥡
ǵȻҪ֪ɽׯׯĶӣΪûԦ츳ҲûɽׯСͱ͵̫ܽɽׯϵĺˣӾ͸ˡɽׯûԦ츳֮ˣɽׯĹѵ
ӹУＸܵɽׯص
ׯ֮ӣ⡣
޹زɷԲҲɽׯܴеյԭ
ɽׯ֮һĴ
ܿ죬ͷһתתϣ̫ܽڣһţ֮ˣûнͨǽޡ
ޣǬ½мΪޡ
ȻǿĽޣ١
ɲ£ǽնϺ쳾һ׷ɲǿߣնĴڣЩǿߣһ׷ʵΪ¡˵ɲµġǻ֮УΨһһλ侳ǿߣųơһˡ
ӹУＸ˵֪ɲµķɲУΪΪߵĴڡ
֮⡣
ɲ·һˡ
Ｘ˲һ
նһ׷
ڳ￴ǰߣЩǰĺСá
һˣԽնϣֻһ׷ʱﶼϵĳɾͣж
նŻʲô˼
ɲ£çÿɷ
һһţ˵ɲµ꣬Ϊնһ׷ɱԼĸĸ޶
һ֮̾ϣͨ裬Ϊ˻һˡ
ɱĸ޶
Ｘˣ̲סɫ䡣
ֱɥĲ
̫ƫˡ
оͷƤ飬ĸ޶º֣ɲµķֱħˡ
Ǭ½ħ֮ˣ
Ȼڳ￴ЩȻɱûԣȥɱԼĸĸ޶δµ֡
ɲ·ֱЩħ֮ˣҪٱǧ
ɱĸ޶֮ˣǳΪ˻һˣкã
벻ͨɲµķΪôġ
ĸĸ
Ϊʮ»̥ӣصĺӡ
ȫɱˡ
ֻΪ׷
ã
ڳԼĹԼǿҪԼ֮⣬ҪǣҪߵÿһˡ
Щ׷ĳԡ
ȥɱߵˣնһ׷
ҲԸ
Щ£ֻǴţδؾģҲعţǼ⡣
Ȼ䡣
Ｘףˣ벻ǿѨ硣
˵󣬾ħħ֮ˣħ֮ˣҲͲˣǶһħ֮ˣҲһ˽⡣
Ｘ˵ͷ
ħ֮ˣϡ
գ𽥳
ЩʧĳＸһۣ˿ˡ
ףＸˣӦûͻɲ·Ϊ
ɱĸ޶
ʵһʱҲȻ
ҲͿˡ
Ͼÿ׷һɲ·ԣɥ
Ȼɲ·Уȥ׷


240 Ů˵ﲻ
ɲ·һˡ
ƽʱᾴˡ
Ȼ˵Ǹź󣬶ɲ·̲ס𼸷
ΪһС
ġ
⡣
ʵӦ˵һ㣬ºһĿĵء
һƬߵĻĮ
涵۹
ɲ£涵۹֮С
ĮһƬտʵԶս֮ء
Զ߿գѾһȺ˵
һȺˣɹһһ㣬ʮˡ
Щˣվʱʱ͸¶ɭȻɷħ֮ˣħ֮ˡ
ЩӦþǼħ֮ˡ
˲²⡣
ʱɹ᪹Ĵ£һ˿˹ȥ

ɹһ˿ȥʱ򣬼ħһˣҲ˹᪹ħΪ׵ˣк
һϮۣ֮ϣǻͼ
ָ̬Ļͼ
᪹Ҳ΢ЦԱк
Ǽħ񡯡ԳＸ˵
ħ
ͱ̸᪹ЦһۡĿ⣬
ͬˣ߸ˣʣµĶʮˣһȺˣӦþһμħԶս֮ˡ
ţ
ͻȻ﷢ĿԼ
̧ͷһŷ֣߸УһȻϵá
ǵãǰѪħŸǰϦ
ʱ͸¶أ׽͸
ѹ֡ѹǰô϶Ѫħŵ¡
𵱳бԼɹǿ߶Լ˵ǷȻ
λԭǼħ֮ˡ
̲ס˵ǸŮӣռǰڼ֮صŮӡ
ǸԳơֽŮӡ
ּˡ
ڳֽһĻʱĶߣһʶ
һȥҪҳ֮ˡ
ŷ֣ڼħʮǿ֮УֽȻС
ֽ֮֮У̤侳
ȻͻˣѵҲ׼Զս
棬ǵãռֽʱֻ侳ߣͻƣӦҲ侳һء
û뵽Ǽħˡ
ﴫص
ʱħΪ֮ˣͻȻڣ㱱᪲
﷢֣䣬ֽ̤նվߣԱ᪹񣺡᪲
겻Сôˣó󷽣ΪҲôһŮǺø
ֽ᪹һۣ΢΢һЦ
Ů
ȻѹħǿߣλҪֽΪС㡱
ԭֽŮ
ħ֮Ů
棬Ѫħȥʲô
᪹кֽһĿ֮£˳ߣ
ＸԸоֽʱɹߣǼħǱߣһƵĿɨԼ
УĽҲмʡ
ʾӶࡣ
⻵һһΪҲˡ
ֽߵǰһСŮģȭ̧𣬾ڳǰȭ
סˡ
ڳ֮ˣ᪹񣬶סˡ
С
ɶһۣһŹֵؿ
֡С㣬ǲϴˣ
Ц
һľôģ˼ҵӶ㿴ˣѵͲ׼𣿡ֽ˵
һʱ䣬ܸоһɱ˵Ŀɨ
ЩĿ⣬ԼħӪ
֣üŮͷۡ
ףû֣ǿ˼ӣſ֤ġֽ죬滨һ㡣
üš
ȷд¡ſЦͷ
ڣҲ˵ˣ֣ͱɣĿŹֵؿ
Ķֽʲô֮һ㡣
㵽ʲôüͷ𡣴ֽ
Ȼ֪Ů˼ǳ𣬵Ҳû뵽ǳز
㣬ʲôϣûħЩеӣһɱô
ԸСˣҲҪŮˡ
ʲôѵ˵û˼ҵӣֽصŴЦ⡣
ҡ
ﲻ֪ηˣȻʱֽһɴһɴʵ̫ˡ
ȷʵʲôˡ
뵽ǰʱ㱣ص磬ŮڣһС
𼸷κΡ
£
ᡣ
ﴫֽҲ֪ˣҲġ
ֽУЦȴûз֡
Ǭ½Уǿߣм檵ģģҲ֮λˡ
ֽĴڳĶУһ
ͻȻãⱲľǵǸɽǰڼŵ֮ء
ûȥһжᷢ
·𿴵˳ʧֽĴڳߴˣˡҸղҲмæֻҪңȥ£һʹΣ
Ŀһû뵽·ת
˵ֻҪΧڡ
ģҲΪ㡣
ֽ˵æ֮ʱסˣЩڸղԼ˵Ļ
뵽ȻӦֽҲֻˡ
ֻϣЩѵħŮ
Ŀ֮£ֽǣų֣ͳ̤˼ħǰ
һĻǳϿֽ˵һС
ףгΪԼѡˡ
ֽ΢Ц

ֳò˵ͣһΪļħҲΪ֮𺳡
һˣܳΪŮԼħһ
ֻǣγ֮ǰӦ״ӡκ赡ףδԶսʽŮ
˭֪ûԶսͷ¡
տʼ᲻Ůģתһ룬ŮƭŲᡣ
ʦãκ赵Ůˣκ˲Ⱦָ㿴˽ʦõӣҾɱ㣬ʾʦס
ޱȣ·Ծ֮µݶ
ħӪһʮߡӣһɫװɫ̤ն֮
ֻһ˲͵˳ǰ
ķ֮ƣƳ뻯
κϣħǣǡ
䣬صƣų£Я֮ơ
ĿһϣƳ
׼ʱ˱ǣɫһ䡣
ֽȻҪصǰ
ʱκڵһƣȻ£κ赿ֽԼ£ɫ䣬ƣȴˡ
κ赵ĺʹĵͺ
ˣ
ͺһͱ᪹ͬʱˡ
̧᪹֣嫵Ӷֽߡ


241 Ĵ
ꡪ
ħһҲûγ֣׾پͻκ赵һơ
κ赵ƺ˲
·ʲôµֱӴݻһ㡣
£һһκһۣ
ʦ𡣡κЩ
κ赣
ֽκ赣㾹Ҷֽˣ֮䣬죡
κһһȻҲ˵˵һߡ
ȻĿ⣬·ܴ͸޾գ˳ϡ
𣿽ʦãȾָģʶȤĻġ
κ赵ĴУв֮⡣
׳ա
κһ䣬κɫ࣬ﲻ
ֽæǰκ赵ľ
κ赾ãֽѾ
ղ̫嶯ˣһƣܽµġ
ղŵһĻ¶ղţֱֽӾǰҪΪκһơ
ǿκҸ׵ĵӣħһһˣ侳ߣ㲻Ķ֡
ֽصŸ˵ֻ侳ߡ
侳ء
˵ʵﻹ治塣
ȫ֣侳ߣɱˣҲڲ֮ء
ȻЩﲻ˵
ղŵ£ֽҲ˼ָĹۡ
ȻȴûҪ˺


ͷ
ղǲĵӣʧˡ˵
ˣκʦּȻǽʦ֣Ҳҳʦ֡˵𣿡
￴ֽЦ
ֽһ漴΢Цͷǡ
Уֳָм֪ĳ
Զκ赣˫۾Ͳû
һֱʦöħ֮УֻҪڣûһеܽӽʦá
ԣһֱȷţԺ󣬽ʦûΪӡ
κ赵ӡ
˭֪ͻȻðһΪʦ·𶼶мӣųŭĻ档
ȻŮ϶㣬üħҲǲˡΣܴԶսųҾͽҵŮ㡣
䣬һĽּʵĿ⣬ڳϡ
ǺøﻹһλɵɶһλħŮ
̲סһ̾
üͷ΢壬ܾʲôԣֽ֮䣬Ƴɶǡ
ֻˡ

Ĵɫࡣ
ֱõ˼ʡ
ɹ̨ϣǵİŮӣԳľʡ
һֽȻòϲ˵İŮӷֺݣóһɳ졣
ħŮ˵ȥˡ
˼ħŮⱲӣ¶ҳ︴
ȻΪ۹ң֮֡
ϲ
ɹ󲿷ֺĵӣ׷ϲ
㶨˼ħ֮ŮǿΪɹ⡣
ͻȻתͷײؿκһۡ
κڷ·õʲôʾǸЦ
ʦվߵģҲǣԷ츳ٲվֻһˡ
ɹˡ
ֽͳȻҲĶһ
Բû뵽ᷢչزұֻκģû뵽׾ʾɱ㡣ҪҸ׳ϣ֮ûκιϵκ赾ͲԶսԸˡ
ֽеĴһů
ҼȻӦҪ㣬ͻﵽףģҲ¡ﴫص
˵տʼβŰֽ
ڣֽ
ֽħȴó
ǣκ侳ˡ
ֽ˵ϣѵΪһΪȥ̫ࡣİɣûյ£Ҳġ
ֽĿ⣬
֪ôš
ѵΪƾ侳صΪԺκ赿⣿
δ˵Ļ˰ɣһҪųС㽫Ȣء
᪹һЦ

һӦ
ֽ᪲˫պޱȣ
Сء
᪹һЦ
᪣񡣡
һԶʴ
¡¡
ڳ֮ˣ׷̧ͷȥֻԶʣԭ۳һŵ֮
һ˵Ľ⣬·߽䣬˺
·ɽӣЯһ콣ƣ֮߳
󣬶ʮˣ̤ն䡣
ʮˣʮ֮˴ѹ֡
ȫǽޣ
ֽ˵һ󣬳ص˳ɵߣЩӦþ̫ܽڵǿˡ
Ŀ⣬ҲЩ
ǽޡ
̫ܽڵĽޣܸȤ
ڵȲ̫ܽڵЩὣޣսһ
ޱһﾹȻš
᪺̤նӭѣԴǼ䣬
㶼ûȻţ
ޱֱӻ·ϰ˺໥ҡ
һĻüħ̫ܽڵĵӣ̲סĿ
ޱ
ͫһ뵽ʲô
ôˣç˹ʧ̬
ޱ̫ܽڰһŽޣʮʱ̤˵侳뿪ȥ紳ʮΪ̫ܽڡ콣󡯸콣̫ܽھŴ󽣸֮ס
̲סһ̾˵ޱʵ̫ܽڵǿ
ʮ̤侳
ＸˣҲɶݣǺεȾ츳
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͻȻԶʣµ̤֮·Ʋ񷡣
һӴӰ֮֡
𡪡
ۡ

һŹָ޺𣬰̤֮ݶ䡣
ɽׯˡ
ڳĴ֮ˣ׷Զ
ֻһӢ˵Ĵ£ʮʮֻӴϵˣ׷
ЩӴзݣޡ
һֻֻ϶ɢſµϢһ̲סѹ֡
ɽׯʮһˡ
ΨΪ׵ˣֻǰԦޡ
һ˫ӣͬһĺɫֳɫޱȣǿΪ֮ˡ
ӡ
û´ˣӦþɽׯĶׯׯγǿ
΢Ｘ˶С
ׯ
᪡ޱ˵к
˫һĲ²⣬ûд
ҲͶʮҵˣɽׯĶׯһֻǿĵ

ˣȻϿֻжʮ꣬ʵϣϹＶĴڡ
ǿĵҪһ׵츳Ҫƾõʱܳɾ͡
λþòҲġ
˵ͷһЦǻع˵к
ˣԶ˺˽⣬Ҳʧ
ɹǼħ̫ܽڵǿߣǵĿ⣬ɽׯʮǿϡ
ɽׯǿߣͬ׼޵С
ǽԶսľС


242 ֮
˵ڣѪʵǿ󣡡
û뵽ɽׯӣԳܽ˵Գ
ǡߴ˵еޡѪٶȼ죬ͬ׵ߣٶϸġ

ɹħ̫ܽڣǿߣɵؿɽׯʮǿµ
ЩǼΪµĴڡ
һЩȥֻ˵գǵһ
찡ʲôԴ
ͻȻħӪһǿ߾
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ɽׯһǿµϡ
ֻԷԣ壬ԴȴѰͬ
ֻԴͬһϡ
һԴ˫ͫ˸űɫĹ⻪
һԴ˫ͫ˸ųɫĹ⻪
˫ͷԣ
̫ܽӪУһĴ󲿷ǿߣĿһ
˵Уֳּɵ
Ǳ˫ͷԣ˾ʷˡ
ɹӪлתһЩʷ֮ˣ׷ɫ䡣
ʷ͡
ɽׯһһˡ
һΪ侳ء
УԦǡ˫ͷԡǰ˼
ʷͣ
Ŀ⣬ڱ˫ͷվŵϡ
ԼĪʮߡˣһϮɫۣվڱ˫ͷֻм䣬Χľ޶á
һУ·𶼲Ӱ쵽
ǿߣĿ׷׻ʷ͵ϣиֳļɵ
սʷĴǿУһָġ
侳صʷͣϰ˼ڳǿߣֻ룬Щë
ѵô׼ʱ
ʱԶʣƶһ˷۶
ڣڳ֮ˣ̧ͷԶ
ϡԿһҫ۵µĽɫһŽɫӣ֮󣬳ǵǰ
䡪
һը죬ɫը⻪ǣƬ׽ӵʣгһƬ貵Ľ⡣
죬̲סη
ʱһɽӰԽ̤նģӰʵ
ȴһλɫĵɮˣɮò㣬üĿ
һ֣Ӱ·ա
ڳ֮˵ģ𺳣𺳡
ʲôֶΣ
žɽһߴɮˣһ
ɮˣվߣһԴȻ𾴡
Ŀ֮£ɽһɮˣ𽥵ƽС̤ն䡣
ɮ˵ʮͭɫĵɮˣԼʮͨװˣ֮䡣

ɮˣɹġ᪹Ǽħ񡱣̫ܽ콣ޱɽׯĶׯ˫ֺʮ

ڳĴǿߣ׷׶ݡ
ϡƺŵģڻ֮УƺҲֻɲλϵĴڡ
λڣͬʱҲǹϵġһˡ
ɮˣҲʮңɲλϵķ
š
ϲ֮ϻͯ
᪹λĴΪ֮ˣи֮ɫͬʱɮ˺ϲ
ϻ֮ͯ
ǿߣȻѹǸղž;֣ɲµķ˵ˣģ
ԭѾ̤֮ϻͯ
֮ϻͯ
̲סݡ
ȥ֮ˣеλˡͯϡǼ桰顱ƱʵСʮꡣ
Ȼȴ㲻Ƿϻͯ
ֻǱúá
ǰλɲµķȴġϻͯ
ϻͯڳĹǴ˵еͨǰ˲еֶΡ
ܿ죬ع֮ǰӹе֪Ĵš
ɲ·ɱԼĸĸ޶
ΪţλüĿķôɥ֮¡
һΣ֮ۡ
ɹĴĲǸ䣬ΨɲΪΪġԽ١
ʮͭɫĵɮˣӦþɲµӡʮˡӦɲ涵۹޵ǿߡ
Ŀ⣬ܿɲ·Ķʮϣͷת
ĴǿߣҲڹ۲ɲµǿߡ
رʮλͭɫĵǿߣ͸¶صϢ
׽͸
ʮǰһŵӣǡöʮꡣȴ֪ο
ħ񣬿ɲ·ʡ
Ԫ
ڡȴڳ֮ˣ
ͭĵˣԼĪʮң̤ն˷ߡ
㣬ü֮һɰһͷδͷĶ̷ƽ˼ʡ
λʦ塣
ˡɲ·ᵬĹŵӣԪˣ΢΢
侳أ
һᵬһõӡ
侳أ
˵񣬾Ǳ᪡ޱͳֶ̽ԪһΪҲɶݡ
侳أ
ڳǿУǿĴڡ
һʱ䣬ԭͷʢɽׯһһˡʷ͡˷ͷ
찡ʮ꣬侳أ
ԭΪʷӦǿеǿ֮ˣû뵽Ԫ̬
侳أϣԶս棬Ҫ̬

Ĵǿߣ׷ţ֮䣬Ԫ˼ɵ
Ԫ侳ء
ԪһۣУ𼸷ּɵ
ƾɵֶͨξɱһ侳ߡ
ǿһЩ侳ߣ㲻УҲڲ֮ء
Ȼ侳ߣûκΰա
עǹջˡ
ɹı᪹ɲ·ᵬҡͷһ̾
ᵬһЦ崺磺һԵ
ò˵ɲ·ᵬĳ֣֮ǿΪڳ֮ˣԴĵ׸еȻ
񣬷ᵬŵԪĳ֣ڳǿߣз·һơ
ɽׯһһˣʷ͡
ԪʱҲǼɵ֮ɫ
Ȼа˼˫ͷԡȻԪһΣԪûаա
ʼɡ
ʱɲ·ƽڳÿһ˵ĶС
Ҫʼˣ
ǿߣ׷Ŀһ
Զսչǵǰ
Ҳ֪ҪôԶս
𼸷ֺ棬Ŀʼղᵬҡ
ʱһ˿󣬼Ȼɲ·ᵬһΪ侳˵ӦûҪĴֲŶԡ
ѵԶսбʲôƣ
ܿ죬ջͷ
Ϊᵬˡ


243 Զս
ֻᵬ̤նԶͣºӰ֣ʱգʱָ˳
¡¡
ᵬվ֮У˫̧һѹʵ޻
ʱĮضɽҡ
⡭
ǿߣŽµһĻĿɿڴ
ֻᵬĶĮɳ˷ɢƺ嫡
һ˸Ĵţǵǰ
һţͬһĴţʡ
Ӵޱȣ϶ɣصϢÿһ˵ͷ
˲䣬ܸоԼģ·𶼿ʼ
ӵĴ𺳡
֪ԼΪͻȻ
ʱɹı᪹ħ̫ܽڵޱɽׯĳׯҲĿ£վɲ·ᵬࡣ
ǵĿ⣬ܿ۳һߣڹӶصĴ֮ϡ
ڻںϰ塢ں⾳ơ¡һͨԶսĴš
ᵬڳǿߵĶУԶսмǡ
ᵬһڳ󲿷ǿߵɫ

Զսؽա
ֻҪԶսĸɱ󡢿ܣҪԸǿߡ
ԶսһɽӵмƬȻЩƬǵᡣ
ᵬΪףΪ֮ˣ׷׳֡
ϲ̺˵Ϣһš
Уᵬĳ֣Ϊ¡
һӵ⣬ÿռ䶼Ϊ֮Կᵬ֣ռ·ʱᱻ˺
侳ǿİ壡
Ŀ⣬ᵬϡ
侳ǿߣΨ˰壬̤侳
˵⾳ǡơɱ䡣
壬⾳ɱ䣬ͬն
ǿ֣߳ùӴϵһ⣬˱仯
ʱɲ·ᵬڣߣó֮ܣܽƬǶڿϣơ⾳ԣҪõƬҪôҪҵԶսϢ֮أҪôǴЩᡣ
ܣơ⾳
ᵬĻǿߣ׷ɫ䡣
һ㣬֮ǰǸͲ֪
һʱ䣬ǿߣ˸Ϊ֮ˣ¶ֲ֮ɫ
ˣ֪һ㡣
ħֽκ赣ɲµԪɽׯʷͣʱһƽ
ڣɹ߶ʮǿߣ˱᪹
᪹ȲûиЩ
찡⾳Ŀܣǵͬڵ侳Ĵڣ
˰Ŀܣǵͬ侳Ĵڣ
Щܣǻܻ
˭˳뿪ɹǡ
᪹ϵĶûͣЪûˣȴҲ˳˵Ŀ⡣
˳
ɹʮλǿߣ
վһ˳
󣬼Ȼˣֶܲܿ顣
Ǭ½ߣ׷ǿĵ·ϣⲻһ·Ψη壬ܿٳԼ
ĴΪ֮ˣҲڣ˵籱᪹һĻ
ɹĶʮǿһ㣬Ĵûһѡ˳
Ȼû˳Ǿ׼һ£ϻһͨԶսĴţԶսеһУǶԣһأҪԼȥ̽
ħ񿪿ڣе

ӲɣĴ֮ϣһ⣬վǷ϶
ģǿ֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

Ȼ䣬ϵ𵴣ײһ𣬷һ졣
ϡԿһֵ⣬һѷ졣
ݣ
ѷոɲ·ᵬ˶
ֻ̧һŵĽâ˺ѷ죬ײ˹ӲɣĴ֮ϡ
¡¡
ſǿߣĿתضŴţ뿴źʲô
ֻǣעʧˡ
һ߲ʵѵҲơ¡һ֣
ﰵ
ǿ˺ֵ⡣ڳ￴Ӧþơ¡
һ֮ǻ¿һԶսĴţʱںεأʲôһʱϹ뿪Զս
᪹ڣࣺԶսơ¡ΪǵĴ룬˥ܡԤƽһ֮󳹵ЯԶսһ𡭡ǻǰһ£һţһ£ûмʱ뿪ͬơ¡Զսһʧ֮䡣
᪹Ļǿߣһ
᪹ʱ֪ǿţ
̫ܽһǿʱ᪡
ơ¡Զսǿţǵһʱͻᷢ֡ʲô龰ҲڽȥԼסſʱ龰պع顣
᪹˵
Ԫȥ
ʱɲ·ᵬԼĹŵԪ
ǣʦ𡣡
Ԫͷ΢ţڳ֮ˣֻһӹͽͨԶսĴš
ǿߣĿתؿŴ߲֮
ԪͽС
һӺ߲һӰ
Ԫ
ʦ𣬴ſ֮ϼ죬ۣʱӰԶս֮뿪
Ԫ˵
ò˵ԪĽԼһڳǿߣ˿
ֻҪһûǶ뿪Զս
λҵõϡƬҪԼˡ
涵۹ɲǶɲ¶ʮˣȽ룬ԪΪס
ɲ·ᵬһ£ԪĴ£Ÿͭɫĵǿߣʮλͨװǿߣ׷׽ͨԶսĴš
ʷͣ
ʱɽׯׯˡ

ʷΪ׵ɽׯʮӣԦµޣ׷ն䡣
ʷһȣµı˫ͷԣ鶯ޱȣЯʷʹ˴ţû߲֮С
ľŸɽׯӣҲŽȥ
ҲһͨԶսĴŹӴ룬ȻɽׯӸû취Я롣
κ赣
ħҲˡ
ߣ
κΪ׵ļħʮǿߣɽׯ֮˽̤ն䡣
ֽĿ⣬ͷһЦ
ħ˽ȥɹı᪹ſڡ
ʱɹʮˣ׷ͨԶսĴš
̤ΧʱԸоǿ˺ơ¡żΪµϢ
Կ϶ǿ֣֧һŵĿ
ơ¡һ£ԽЩ֮ˣֱӺޡ
硢ɺ˾磬̤˴߲֮
о߲Уصһ˿
߲гһƽ˴


244 СŶ

ղţӦơ¡жǬ½ڵ¡
߲֮󣬳ﰵ
ǰһͷ֣Ľ£һƬȿտƽԭ
ƽԭ֮ϣ˥ޱȡ
ȻطԳŶ꣬ӡɢĺǣôۡ
ѹֵϢ·˵ţһ춯صĴս
̧ͷһԪǰԣԶսĴţϼ죬ۡ
ͺ棬ߵһ㡣
ɹһˣƽԭ֮ϡ
﷢֣֮ˣûȥڹΧһС


ͻȻ߿֮ϣХ
̧ͷҲ֪֮ˣ̫ܽڵǿߡ
̫ܽڶʮº󣬳﷢һ⡣
̫ܽڵĶʮˣַһΪס
һˣüĿһֱϣ͸¶λߵϢ
˵Ľ֮
ֳڿˣ
֮
һ
ޣֺܶ֡ڵλʦĽǡɱ¾֮ɱ¾Уƣ֮⾳֮壡
˵ֵĽƣ͸¶Ϣ˰Ծ֮УԣԿĽǡ֮
Ȼ۽ĸмҡ
磬һλǿĽޡ
㿴ˡ
翴̫ܽУһеΪ֮ˡ
ˣü͸¶Ϣϣ￴ħ֮˵Ӱӡ
˵Ľѵħ
档
ħ
һ㶣漴ӦҲǰɣڵλʦѪɱ¾֮һħķ룬ƫħ˵Ľȴֲɱ¾֮Ǵı֮ڰ֮
ò˵ڽޣﻹĲ˽⡣
Ҳó̫ܽڵΪǿߣʵһ㡣
ǿߣվһߣ۲Χ
ȻǿߣؽΪ棬չҵ
Ȼǣ໥֮䲢ûκ𣬵Ҳల¡
ߣ
ɲ¶ʮУԪĹǣԪһ£̤նʣµɲ֮ˣ׷׸ȥ
Զսޱߣա
ΨŽܸõȥ
ȻδʹǶŽһ顣
ܿ죬̫ܽڵҲˣȴǿ꽣Ϊףͬȥ
ʦãʦ˵Һúչ㣬ΣҲܸߡ
ʱħʮǿУκĻҲΧ֮˵ĶС
ߣδңħˡ
ɽׯʮˣԦʮֻնΪ׵ʷͣվڱ˫ͷϣͺһм
ʷͣ
κɫһ䣬ŭʷ֮ͣ
ôսʷһЦЦа졣
ʷµı˫ͷԣ˫ͫףκ赣·ֻҪʷһ£ͻᱩ𹥻κ赡
κɫѿ
ս治ҡ
ɽׯ֮ˣͬߣһжʵ
侳أʷҲǣʲʷͶ֡

ЦУʷͼԦű˫ͷԣԶȥ
󣬾ŸɽׯӣԦżֻȥ
һʱ䣬ʣˡ
ħɹ֮ˡ
ᱣҵģ𣿡
ʱħӪֽǲκ赵ķԣ˳ߡ
ЦȴҲûܾ
ֽ֪κ赵񣬾ҲܻκһԶս洳
Ըܻѡһȥ
ʦã
κڵɫҪѿжѿ
ԲߵļħӣԼʱķЦĿ⡣
գһУʱ
Ҳ߰ɡ
Գ缸˵ͷһЦն
ֽ硢ɺ˾磬˳
ˣҲһ𡣡
çһҲ̤ն
˶֣ʦܣʦܣҲͳһ𡣡
ЦһɹĵӣçĽŲ
ͳһۣҲȥ
һʱ䣬С壬ֶˣʮһˡ
ɽҲͳһֻǣָԲԸҲûȥ
ĴͳìܲǳȻܸһ
ͳһΪɹĵӵʮˣҲֻˣûȥ
ԭɹĺĵӣ˹ߵˣˣԶ١ɹһһΪס
ɽĴȻҲֻѡ١һ
١Ҳûܾ
ɽˣԣһɲ׵
١һʮ뿪κҲżħʮ˸ǿ뿪ÿһˣͬķȥ
Զսޱߡ
˼һҲ˵ǷܵõƬܵõȻҲҵᡣ
Ϊ
û뵽㻹ͦкġ
ֽɹһ˶ųߣҲЩȡ
ܣǲӦʽһλ
ɴؿ˳һۣ
磬ᣬҸûʲô
Ц
磿
ɵĳƺò֪çˣסˡ
ɣǳı磿
Ǵīʯ۹ڵô
ɣĺҡ
磿çʡ
˵ͷ
û뵽çҡͷһЦֿ磺ǳ㡭
׸硣￴˳һۣЦ
çɴˡ
һͽ
ɺ棬ңһʲôļ壬
̤ҲھӣȥҲֻ˵ɡ
ڳֵܣȴǲš
ɹӣҲЩȣȻߵýȴҲû˻һϵ
֮ǰûţҲûؾâǺͳɻȥˣ
ʣϴһ뿪ɹﲢڣصڣҲ
ǡͷ
ǵ¡Ц
һܲµʲôڶԣϾǹ
СС£ɶ֪ô翴ʡ
磬ᣬҸûʲô
Ļóﳹ
磬Ҹȷʵûʲô
οɫֽ̲סһЦԼóæ£һһ˵˳
ԣȻ
ͬʱֽ飬Ҳɸп
Ǭ½ΪΪŮ츳ƣŮĴͳ
ֽΪһŮӣΥ泤ɼΡ
ǿ½ɱˡ
ͻȻһֱûпڵ˫һ
ΪͨӵߣԶ˵ĸ֪һ㣬һ侳ߣҲδܱȵ
ɱ
ԣ
ֻǣһȥΧĻƺûκα仯
ǲ
¡¡
ڹߵһɹĵӣû˵꣬ͱͻȻ֮ϡ
ɫ䡣


245 ɱ
֮УԳΪ׵С壬ȫס
˷಻ը𣬿ռ·ŤΧľɫһɫ·ơ
ɱ
ͻɱ
ߣ
˻ھʱ̤ǰһ֣ͺһס
ˣ·ΪһУƥĵ
ˡ
Ѹޱȵһնǵ
˲䣬ΧƵĵϵ£˺һѷ졣
һˣ·ɷ磬˳һѷ죬˳ȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һʮһˣճ֣ʹһը
˻ͷһԶղվ֮أռ伸ըŤ
ԶսȻǲգղǶ˳
¶ɵ֮ɫ
ҲòȥǳﵱϣԷƥĵƣٳһ֮·
Ǿܵһը󲿷ҲҪˡ
ҪѣҵĶûô졣
ҡͷѵʱˡ
Ȼôϳ֡
ԣ
ͻȻɵǿܡ
Ｘԣ˳ɵĿ⿴ȥ
ƬըŤĿռ䣬ͻȻֳһɵӰӣӰһߡ
ЩߣŮ
濴һûʲô
ȻЩ˫Ŀ񣬸ûĴڡ
ܣ
ڳ֮ˣȷЩˡݡ
ŤĿռָֻܡڳһ˵ǰ
䣡
һֻܶˣըס
صġ֮ơӿӿһ˵ڡ
ڿϣŰǶ
ֻܣչֵʵԱһ侳ߡ
ֻܣҲͬʱˡ
ֻܣ뵱ȳֵĿܣ޼ʵңǵƣǡ֮ơ
ڣһ˼ܿ϶
ղŵĻһըֶֻܵΡ
ˡ
У˸ƥĵ֡
ɺͳˣ׷˶
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ĵ·һֻܡ
ҹ¹⣬£޿ײ롣
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ɵƣ嫶䡣
ŷ·ѹһеơ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ĽӰΡ
ˣҲ׷׳֡
ֻܣȻʩչġơ˺һ֮ƣϵ侳ء
Ȼ࣬кܴ
û츳ͨ
Ƭ֮󣬰ֻܾͱһֻٵ
˸ɫƬ䳤ա
һ̧֣ЩƬ
һΪЩжǿû뵽ôһ
çڸղŵļֻܣ͸¶ֲм
СЩܣǸղŵɱ󣬺ķǵĴ󲿷Ҳ˲һ
ҡͷɫأңЩܣԶսУȽһЩܡ
ЩƬ̺֮ƣ㿴ûʺġ
￴ĹһɹĵӣĵӣղųʱͨҲ֮ơ
ղţö԰ֻϵƬʱĵеĿ
ллʦ֡
ĵӻæӹæл
û뵽ô
ͣȳȻǬ½ǿΪ
ôƺ
ͷһЦ
ҽѡ
ĵæص
ֿһɹĵӣԷæصʦ֣ҽкˡ
ѡһöƬʣµö
̰á
ʺԼģõġ
СĹǣƬܣڳ֮˵Ҳû
һˣǰߡ
￴ֽʣҼǵϴμ㣬ֻ侳ءμ㣬ô侳أ
ղţֽʱͿΪ
侳ء
ѵ㲻֪Ǭ½УһΪطô
ֽЦ
Ȼֻ֪Ǭ½طԼط
ղţһʱᣬҲûǱ롣
룬ֽ˭üħŮΪطϡ档
ĸ֪һ·ϣ˲ɱ󣬳һˣҲϵȻԡ
һ
ƬҲԽԽࡣ
ȻЩƬ֮Ƭ
ֻ˺һ֮ƵƬ
ͼƬ
һЩƬʺ似ķ֮Ƭʺϳ
б᪹ķ֮⾳Ƭʱȴòϡ
ڵ֮⾳в̵ľ롣
ʲôʱ򣬽Լķ֮ƣ˺һԲʱ֮⾳Ƭá
һ·ϣں˺һƬ似ÿһ̶ڽ
볹˺һƣңԶ
ǰǻɽȺ
ͳǰ棬ͻȻ˹
ԶĿһϸһҲϳǰһƬ֮أȷʵǻɽȺ
߳Ƭʺĵطˡ
ç
һ·ϣһ˾ĵطǱ鲼Ĺƽԭ
Զսһ֡
Ǻǡв֪ɿ˶µѪ
еռѹ֡
ܿ죬ɽȺǰÿһɽȵĻ档
ȥЩɽ˻Ծ
ЩɽЩ졣
˾˵
ܿ죬һˣ˻ɽȺϿա
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

Ҳ֪ǲЩɽܸӦһ˵ڣǳֺ󣬻ɽȺеĻɽԾ
ɽµĻ棬ֱʡ

ÿһɽµĻ棬ðգʼ۳Σһֻֻɫʯ϶ɵĿܡ
Щܵϣ֮Ƴ·ܷյһС
˺һԲ֮ƣ
У⻪ǡ
Ļ֮ƣΪ˺һ֮ƣ̤˺һԲ
һΣɹ᪹˺һԲƬ֮⾳Ƭȴû˺һԲ֮Ƭ
ܵõʺ˺һԲ֮ƬһĻ֮ƣڶʱڣһһɣɾ֮͡⾳
Ͼ֮⾳Ƭֳɵġ
Щܣ֮ǰƽԭϵЩܱȣСһЩ
ͬʱֽ뿪̫Զ
ֽͷ
һ·ϣҲʶ˳µʵ
ֻ侳ߣս侳صɡ˾硢ç͹
ڣףΪγκʱôš
ʵǿԴ
˺
ȶˣͨѸޱȵ⣬˺ѳա
ܿ죬һֻܣѸޱȵطӶȥ
𡫡
һֻֻܣɵĶ̤ն׷ӿɡ
ǵصȻ棬䳤ա
һˣͬʱˡ

̤նǿ֣ͨ۳Ρ
У·ܶһеļͨһֻܡ


246 Ź
֣ͨҶЯŷ·ܶһеļơ
Ļܣϻ֮ƱǶ
͡
˺һԲ֮Ļ֮ƣ𣬾ļֱͨڡ
޼᲻ݣ·ܶһеļͨ
ͨɣɫһ䣬һ
˺һԲ֮ƣ̫ˡ
𡫡
ܱŭɣ
Σ硣
ֻǣϱĻ֮ƣƶӴ壬ٶȸһ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һ㿪ܣʱ֣ͨһһХ
ֻǣļͨûڣ͸˻ܣûһ㡣
ɫѿ
ܵľ£ŷ·ܷһеĻ֮ƣûжɫ䡣
䡣
ʱһϰ׵Х䡣
ſѪڣһЯŽƺͷƵ棬ܵԴ͸
ž
ڻʧɲǣӴβһ˦ݺݵرڻܵϡ
ȻһղŻڵĻܣĻƬ
磬лˡ
мؿһۡ
һͷ趯Ӵ壬ȥˣһֻܡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

е·𱻸
Ͻĵ⣬ϳһš
ƥĵƣ׾پ˺ϵĻ֮ƣϡ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

⣬ϳ״ܣӴе䡣
ÿһλĶϿڴƽ
ܵ壬顣䳤ա
һ֣µĳɫƬץ
ǻ֮Ƭ
һߣɣ˾磬ܿҲҵ˻ٵܵľϡ
ٵܣɱ˲ͬ
ɱˣһӡ
ܣȥһ壬Ȼܼս


ɱͨβΧŻܽնһһء
˾ḧݣĵ⣬һš
֧ܵ顣
䡣
ͨΪһĳ磬ƾͨġнԼͨĿܺƬ
һߣçϣɫƾͨʹ֮ƣ˻ܵĹ
Щܣһ˺һԲ֮ƣϻ֮Ƴֵǿ
֮ǰһĸֿܣûʲô
ç֣ͨϴ֮ƣɵԻ˷£
գ
çһȣɵȻ£ܣӲѹˣ
һʮһˣҲֻг硢ɡ˾硢ç͹ٵЩܡ
ֽͳˣƾ˵ٵЩܡ
Ǽ֣Ҳֻܺ顣
ܿ죬һ˼εʮܣһһƣֻʣһֻԶ
ಣ
̤նӭȥ
ףıǡ
çۼ⣬˹ĳȵ
ＸˣҲ˹ȥ
Ƶǡٱ֮桱Ǭ½Уõ˲ࡣ
ҪľǣС
ֱ֮Ϊʱ

Ŀ֮£ˣеݺݵضŻܵԴȥ
䣡
һ죬𶯣ϵĻ֮ƣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

䣬һһ¡
У̺ź嫵Ĺƣ
ף󶼻ûܻٵôͻͷˣ
çɺúõԶתͷն̲סü
䡣
çʱڳؿֻܣͻȻһ𣬼̶ɳš
ܣϸ΢ޱȵġĩ
ĹƳ뻯
һȵмǿԣġơӦ̺˿µġܽܣֱɷĩֻǣϧöƬ
ڽܺɷĩͬʱҲƬˡ
ֱܼң
Ϊܸһ̤侳أ١δĶ֡
ʶ˹ֶΡԹʵҲһ˽⡣
һջܴ󣬳˱ٵĻܣûƬ˵õƬʮö
ʮö֮ƬСҲʺɵġ
¶Ц⡣
ԡεջ񣬶ʵкܴӰ졣
סЩɽйŹ֡
Źͺ˷׷׸ŽµĻɽȺЩɽֹͣ»棬
һɽ
֮£һն䣬һɽϿգŻɽڡ
Щ棬ӺζɽȺѵƣ
һˣ̲ס档
ʱ䶸
¡¡
ɽȺضɽҡµľ죬һɽ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

īĻ棬ԳŵĻɽ¶
ĺɫ棬Ϣ
ʲô
ǰһĻóһ̲ס档
ǻǵһοֻ档
ɫ棬һ貵ڸ߿ըʡ
ʱֽͷһɫĻǣһŻ֣͸¶ĺɫ
ã
ɫ䣬ȥֽʱһˣ
ˡ
ʱֽҲ
Ҳ׼˺ʱɫĻ֣ըѿ
ͬˮһĺɫ𵴣صת˲֮䣬һɫƵС
ͻȻܵϿµɫ䡣
ץסֽ֣һ֮𣬳ʩչαس졣
Ȼ֣Դе޷ʩչαس졣
˲乤򣬳ҧϡ
ǣֽݺݵƷ˳ȥе
ˣΪ֮еֻ֣оһᣬͱ档
С
ܣ

ʦ֣
ǰһ֮ǰ˸ǵ
ǰһƬǰϤһĻĿɿڴ⡭ô£
һʮˣۿﱻɫ˽ȥɫ֮ʧ׷ɫ䡣

ֽΣԼȴɡ
ЩͳʱǺȻط֣ǸԵͷ߿µĺɫ棬۵һǣ
һſŻ֡
һ̣ը
ʮɫƵУ뽫ȥǸмһģһ
ʮУµʮˣ˽ȥ
ʮ˱ʮȥʮʧͺûгֹһ㡣
źɫĻɽȺٴλָƽ
Ȼû֮ǰƽԭӦͬһط
ŽµƽԭϾǿЦ
ΪǸ֮󣬻һѡ
˭֪͵Ƭһ޼ʵƽԭ
ȫʧȥ˷


247 ջ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
뵽һˣЦҡͷ
ˣ񣬿϶Ϊġ
ȴ֪ɫȥ󣬳һˣҲԱͻˣ޷֮
ǰƽԭ˷ȫ߼ʡ
ƾоѡһǰȥ
һ·ϣҲһЩܣЩܣһһٵ
º󣬳üͷ֮ǰһ뿪ƽԭоҲû೤ʱ䣬ҲͼաһΣˣû߳ƽԭ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ǸպƽԭıԵ
ѡķƽԭߵġ
ǰ¹ȥһʱ䣬ﻹû߳ƽԭ
ʱαسķ֮ƣͨƬĸͻƣ˺һơ
Ҫ̤˺һ֮¡
ѹ־ǿõԶս⾳ƬͰƬƬ߶ԣ̫ˣ
а
ͻȻԶ۵һĻȻʡ
ԶսУûҹ֣֮ضơ¡İ֣˵𼸷ѹ֡
񣬳ڳǰģһƬһ޼ʵĺ
ɫĺԶԶȥһӨ͸ıӴޱߣǶ֮ϡ
ܿ죬һ˺Ͽա
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

˸սƽĺϣʮˮɵʮֻӨ͸ıɫܡ
Щܣɺˮɡ
ͨЩ˵ܾӨ͸壬ϡԿЩˮܵԴ棬һöɫƬ˸Ĺ
Ƭ˸Щˮˮ֮ơ
ˡ
֣ܿͲʮֻˮܵǳ
ˮ֮⾳
һֻˮܣóһֻˮܣԶսǿĿܡ
ˮ֮⾳Ƭ
ȻϵֻǺѰһ㲻ǿ
Ϊˮ֮⾳ĴڣܿʶԼĹԽֻˮܴݻ٣ˮ֮⾳żԣ޲ߡ
ֻˮܻٵ˾öˮ֮Ƭ
ǰֻˮܣЩͷۡ
ֵˮ֮⾳Ƭ˵ҪȻܡ
ֻǣɵͨδܴ͸ˮ֮⾳ʶڵʵҪɱֻˮܣѡ
ˮƾˮ֮⾳ʩչĹڳ
ȻٶȣΪƣȴԶ
ס
ڳ׼ֻˮܣȥʱ﷢֣ˮܲٹ˺档
ûлˮԿ֮ȥ
һ뷨һڲˮ󣬽˺档
ڳ֣γһ֣ˮ⡣
Уƽء
ϣջɡ
ңңˮܣа
ܿ죬ڴɫ̡
Ϊ֣ˮ׺󣬾𽥵ڣ˺ˮʧ
ЩʧʱһĻٴϣ
֮䣬ˮˮһöˮ֮⾳ƬƮţˮƮȥ
Ŀĵһ㡣
Ϸ
ˮ֮⾳Ƭ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ںһ˸ŻɫĹ֣ûһƬˮȺС
öˮ֮⾳Ƭɫֶȥ
ٶȼӿ죬һ˻ɫ֮ϣһȥʯҲһ
һȱڵĻɫ棬һööɢΪŨԪԪʯɢڸ
УϰöƬƽ
ϰöƬУʮһöɢˮ֮⾳Ϣ
ʮһöˮ֮⾳Ƭ
ɫ֣Ӧµơƣ߶ˮɿܣƣƬ֮УÿӵвսֶΣš
̲סп
ֻǣĿ⣬ڻɫȱڴʱĿ̲סһ
һƣ·ƻˡ
ۿԼöˮ֮⾳Ƭɫ֮Уߴ΢ĺХǺˮƿ
顫
ﶯˣƥĵƿ·ǰĺˮʱն
αس֣һ͵ʮ⡣
ݣ
ž˵ĽƣɵĽ⣬͸ˮ˳ղվ֮ء
ߣӦǲ
ʱ﷢֣ԶˮһӰ֡
һˣһɢŽϢġޡ
̫ܽڵˡ
ǿ˵еκһˡ
˵ΪԳƣӦ侳أ֮¡
ޣ°м͵Ϯû뵽̫֮ܽСܳôһɵĽޣҳ˼ʶ
ɨ꽣һ̵ۣ
ڣȷϣɫֵȱڣӦþǱ̫ܽڵĽƻġ
ˣӦһ׼ȡĴƬ
Ȼ󣬷Ż͵Ϯ
ߣ㲻͵Ϯɱһ侳أһ̽ȡ
꽣޲мһЦϽ𣬷棬չ֣Ȼʡ
ǣ̺صĽƣˮ˺ֱӳ
ˡ
У֣ǣƥĵ
ӭ꽣޵Ľ
ĵ̺ƥĵơ
ĵƣ˺һԲ֮ƣ˺
ο꽣޵˺һơ
ϣཻĵƣ˲˺꽣޵Ľƣһ𣬽Է˶Է
ˡ
ٶ꽣ˣ£޿ײ롣
ЩƬø㣬ҲȾָǾʹ˰֣Σ
꽣޻˽ͨͨнȴûиһ˿ȫУھ͡
Цˡ
ͣ
ȥˣ
͵Ϯû͵Ϯɹ̶ҪɱֲУͣ
ϣôõ
꽣ۿûаֵ˼ɫһӲͷƤٴγ֡
ʱȻ֣Ȼ֣ջء
⡭
꽣Щ£ͻȻı⣬Ӧ͡
ֻǣⷴ仡Щ̫˰ɣ
һƴâ۳Σ͸¶ΪϢʱɫ˲䣬ʶԼˡ
ֻǣʶעһ̳׽
Ҳ㡣
Ϊ۳εĴâˡ
ݡ
â·Ӻˮֶ
꽣޻ɲǣ
ϰöˮ֮⾳ˮ֮ƵƬ𣬳ǸֵЦջ񻹲
ţֿˮϳƵĸɢŨԪԪʯ
ЩԪʯһһ𣬳﷢֣ƷԪʯҲԶЩԪʯ
ЩԪʯУֻ̺ŨԪеԪܿͷ֣ЩԪʯԪٶȣԶһԪʯܱȡ
һƷԪʯƷԪʯƷԪʯֻ̺ԪĶ١
ʱԪʯ̺Ԫٶȣһġ
ȻЩԪʯеԪٶȣȴԶһԪʯ
ѵǼƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯ˵Ԫʯÿʮֻ꣬ܲһ顣
⼫ƷԪʯǶô


248 ɱɽׯ
ɲ£λ涵۹ߣ϶ɣĹ£һӴɽ֮ϡ
ӴɽΧһƬɭ֡
ֻҪ涵۹ߣ֪Ƭɭ֣涵۹УһƬɭ֡
˵ƬɭУŲٵ
ǲ
һƬɭֱ֣֮Ϊ֮ɭ
Ҳɲµһǵ
ɲµһͷۡУ̫ܽ콣ޱƷζŹ
ͻȻɫһ䣬ǸӦʲô
ֻһ̧֣һöСӣȻѡ
ܵĻ龹Ȼˣ׷ʲô£
ܣ̫ܽڵܳὣ֮һ䲻ɫˣȴҲʺ硣
Ҫǣܣ콣ĵӡ
ܵһֱܸߡ
һΣԶս̫ܽڵӣм콣ӣ⼸ӵĻ飬ˡ
û뵽Ÿչȥһ£ܾͱɱˡ
飬ˮ
ԶսУĺƽޱȡ
ͻȻƽĺ𵴣ɢһӰ
Ȼˮ˵ϣȴմȾֺ
ܳû֮أһơ
ںջóʶһЩ£֮ǰǴ˲Ƭ
ܿ죬ȻˣûҪҳܵƣҲǼ򵥵¡ΣҲǴ̫ܽڽƻƣֻˮܲŻʧȻҲһҵ
һΣʮöˮ֮⾳Ƭ
ϰöˮ֮Ƭ
Ǵջ
ǰߣˮܵϮ
ˮ֮⾳ƬĿܣԽٵ
Ҳֻÿ
˭֪ˮܾô׷ͷصġ
òףŰѵֻˮܡ
˵Ѱ۳ֻˮܵˣֻˮܣѾӰ١
𡪡
ǰ̤նУܿ죬ǰ޵
һǰ漤սһޡ
һޣԳԣ㲻ס
һˣɽׯӣսģԳ
һˣǼħһӡ
ףô˶󲿶ӷֿˣ
ʵ֮ǰں̫ܽڵʱ͸е֡
̫ܽڵӣǷ뿪ô
Ǹ̫ܽڵӣΪλһˣ
ٴο䵥ɽׯӺͼħӣ˼ֲ²⡣
⼸ӣҲԼһͻ
͵˱ĵط󲿶ӷɢˡ
ɽׯӺͼħӣ侳ߣһսɽׯ·硣
ֻǣɽׯӣԳ
Գʵ侳ߡ
һսֶתħӺܿ·磬ΣڵϦ
ħӣ³Ų˶ˡ
ջĿ⣬ﲻÿܲµ֡

ԹԴ󷽷ն·ûмսһ㡣
Ȼûȥˣ˶ڳ֣׷׾
˶ϳ˳
ɹӡ
ɽׯӣԭĳ֣Ͼͼħ֮Ůߵúܽ
񿴳ûвֵ˼Ҳ˿

˭֪ħӣϳȣңǼħӣǽʦõʦ֣ҡ
Σ
ͣΣħӣɨһۣʶ𣿡
ڼħһʱǰ뿪ˡ
ѹû¡
ֻ¼ħӣһû뵽ôɴ;ܾ
ɽׯӣڼħʱٴξ
ۿﲻħӣŵ¡
ħӣһ𣬷֮׼ߡ
ɽׯӣʵһЩǶԷԳ
һжǶ֡
ӣ
ɽׯӷЦԳ·׼ã˼ħӵȥ·ϡ
û˶־ļħӣܿɽׯӺԳ֮¡
Ӽħ߿ʼ
ʱﻹûԶϡܿԶıӰ

ɽׯӣԳϣԳ˵׷ǸɹӡӦҲвƬ
ȻɽׯӣɱħӺ󣬽˳ϡ
Գͺһ磬׷
׷һһޣǸַЦҲһ㶼⡣
ɴ಻ǰߣתƽӭһһ޵
㲻ӣ
ɽׯӣۿͣ£Цˡ
ΪҪӣҲЦˡ
㻹Цó
ɽׯӣ·𿴲߳ЦݣЦһ
࣬
Գ̤նϣɫ⣬һƶ
Գ츳ͨͨ
֮ǰԸǸħӣԳûóͨ
һ֣óͨ˵ɽׯ˿С
һָоȸղǸħǿ
ԳʩչͨӴ壬ǿ׳˼֣һСɽײ
ɽׯӣͬԳͨǻͨ
֮ϣͨӲơ
ҲûԳİԺ͸ղǸħƥеԭ֮һ
½ϣ޷ԷƥС
һһޣ˿塣·֮αس֡
һһһޣǵ
ˡ
ɵͨڳ۳Ρ
ݣ
һŵĴâŷƥĵƣֱԳ
񻯺Գٶ
Ȼ޷ķɵͨ
꣡âӹѪĽ
ӴԳҵ˻𣬺ϵѪӿĿѪ
䣡
Ӵ壬Ȼ£׹䵽֮Уˮ
ɽׯӣתͿԦԳɱˡ
һУֻת˲֮䡣
ɫ䣬ȻѹɹӲӣΪԼԳ
ںޡ
ֻϧϣûкҩɳԡ
Ƭ֮ҲiԳĺ󳾡
ɽׯӣͬ޵е񻰣ơ
ô٣
ɽׯϣѳʮöƬ
Уö⾳Ƭ
ǽ֮ǰջ񣬳ȻἫΪϲ
Ȼõ˺ϰƬʮöƬԳԣѾûʲôоˡ
۹ⲻͬˡ
֮󣬳߳ĺ
֮⣬һƬ̴ïɭ֡
ɭԶԶȥ
һ棬ͿԷ֣ɭָطݲ
ǿٵЩط
ݲ֮أڵʱ䣬Ϊƾãͳ׸ɿݡ
Ӧǰǿһսļ֤
²⡣


ͻȻɭ֮ڣת֮
ԳԣôϤ
˾
ɲ˾Ĺݷ
ʶ˾ֵĳףУ˾Ĺ֮˼٣ڼĸɽˮ
ȷ˹֮ķ򣬳һѸӳ
˾һᡣ
ļ٣޲Ͼܵ˾ߡ


249 ʱϵ
ɭһƮŵӣ֮ϡ
һŹݣǰ
֣ٵظŪŹݣϵңһϿ˺һ֮ƣѸˡ
ɫĵĶ̷ɮˡ
ɲµĵӡ
һΪףͶ䣬ָ˵Ľ⡣
У̺ޱȵ˺һ֮ƣֱӡ
Χһ˿ɺɫ
ϸԷɺĴڡ
ָ⣬ָһңӶǿһ⡣
ݣ
һ⣬Хת۾ͽһնϡ
⣬һһķʽһӵüġ
ͷ츳֣ͨһݵͨ
ͨɲµӡ
һɲµͷӰ۳ͣһӵľӣΧƱ鲼ƿһϵͼ

Ȼ֮ϣɫ⻪ǡ
ɫ⻪ת˷Զա
ɫ䣬û뵽仹ͨ
ɲ½ܳӣ˾
ӣ˾硣
һ̾ԻһĽ⣬·Ѿ
ߣٺУԶһҲöô
һ̵Ļ·ԴԾ֮£ɲµɫһ˾Ŀһ
ɲµӣݵĽ⣬ٶȸ˼֣
·˵֮ǰ˾ɱ
Ȼ˼ӰĻһ䣬͵˾ǰ
ԳΣǳ
ʱϵó˿
ٳһЩں
ݣ
һεСӰ̺ƥĵƣӭһĽ⡣
ƥĵƣֱӾͽϵ˺һ֮˺
ﲻơ
Ȼһ
Сһ˿쵽µĴâƾʧ֮С
ɲµӣʱɫ䡣
ͨɲµӣͨһתɫĹ⻪ɵͨĴâ
·ҪʼʩҪһƶâתƵ𴦡
ֻϧɲµӣעҪʧͨϵɫ⻪ȫķɵͨӡ
䣡
ɵͨӶھͨϣһ
ͨӦ顣
꣡
һɲµӣ֮ϣѪ֣һ˫ӣ͸¶Ȼ
ûϢ
ʧȥ֧ŵʬ壬Ȼ׹䡣
ʦܣ
ٵͨɲµӣӹһ˿ʹ֮ɫܿ죬Ŀּᶨ
ͷ֮ϣһӰΡ
˫ͨӵߡ
ʱ˾ħͨ˶
ƺõתֶ䣬ɲµͷ۳εӰտһ˿ڷͨͱססˡ
ţ
ɲµӣû뵽˾֣ɫһ̤ն
ɶԶ롣
ߣ
ͷӴѪͨѶסɲµӵȥ·
ͨ
ɲµͫһû뵽ͨɹӣͨӵߡ
ķɵͨУ졣
ȫͨ츳䡱
ˣʦҲ
ݣ
ĳɵֶͨٴλһƶâ
ʣµɲµӣüĶһѪĿᶨţų㡭ǡǡʲôʲôͨ
ֻҪﲻ𰸣ͻĿһ㡣
ˣûҪ֪
Įɨɲµһۡ
ɲµӣ¶ȻǻźȻ׹䣬iʦܵĺ󳾡
˾û°ɣ
￴˾磬ʡ
˾ҡͷһЦû£һЩ¾Ҫʬˡ
뵽ղŵһĻ˾¡
ɲµӣֻһˣӦ
Ȼɲµӣ໥ĬޱȣϻֶβӦ˲Ͼ
ˣôһˣҸأ
ʣǵãʱ˾Ǹһġ
˾һ̾գƬɽȺ֮ϣ㱻ȥ̳ʮУҲ˽ȥҾͷ֣Լһ֮ϣղǸĺ
ˣ֪١
˾Ļͷ
ЩˣӦöֿԶսˡ
ˣôɲµĵӽ֣ҿǵӣɱͲưոһ㡣
ʡ
˾뻳ȡʮö˸ɫ⻪Ƭ
ЩƬϵϢͫһǡ֮⾳Ƭ
ţЩǷ֮⾳Ƭ
˾ͷ
ģ档
һɲµȡġ
˾Цֻǣû뵽ҸɱȡЩƬͬͳˡҲ֪ԭЩƬһá£Ҳ֪ˣұ׷ɱ
֮䣬˾̤ն䡣
ˤѪģɲµӡ
ЦѹƴҪɱЩƬǷһ򣬺òײŵġ
Ȼ
˾ɲµһֻһЩƵƬ
֮ǰɱǸɲµӣӦǸ𱣹Ƭġ
Ҳ֪ʲôطˡ
˾ʲô̾
˾Ļóɫ
Σʱϵ˾׶༪١
ǣʱΣա
Ǽǰߣлǡ
һǰ˵
˾ͷ˲նǰС
˼ȫٷС
⣬˴ïĹɭ֣Ī
أһӰն
ʱһߣҲһӰ֣ӭ

ֽǰӣüͷ
ǵã˺Ҳɹ֮ˡ
ֻǣųһ뿪ƽԭʱͷ֣Ŀ⣬ĳޡ
ĴҲû뵽ֽ
һʱ䣬͹۲һΧ˺ǣаЦݡ
һ˫ֽӣǷ·Ҫϵ·˺

ֽʱ۹ɫһֱӳ֡
ֻǣʹֶͨξĴĶ֡
ĴϾ侳ߣֽһΣټϣĴ˫ͨӵߣԶһ侳ء
ȻֽʵԱһ侳أĴǲһЩ
ɡĴаЦ
ңҸ׾Ź㡣
ֽ̧ԼĸףҪԴĴ
ĴЦˣ֪ǼħĶŮֻǣԶս£㸸ֻܻ֪Ҫºɱˣ˭֪ɱģ
ĴＤ
ֽǳŮˡ
ܿ죬ŮˣҪġ
ֻ룬Щ
ֽһҪӶݡ
ֻǣٶȣĴĴ£Ӳˡ
һ˲䣬Ŀ⣬ᶨ־
һǣͨ۳Ρ
ƴˣ
ԸһҲԸס


250 ޶Ծ
ֽϣħǣᶨһ֮
ѰģˣҶһȤ
ĴǸаЦ·𿴵ֽ³лһĻ
޳ܣ
ֽɫͨ졣
ħ֮ˣȴԺãܵЩ
ħĴС㣬ǸĴο׬ˡ
ĴЦЦУǿŵ
ĴôҲīʯ۹ҾŻӣоǸ۹Ҷ
һЦ߽£ֽڵͣ˼֡
˲䣬Уֳϲ֮ɫ
Ϥµ˭
Ĵͷ̤նˣɫѿ㡣
֮ˣǹ
ɹĵеٮٮߡ
֮ǰɹһ·ϣ󶼺ͳߵúܽ
Ĵף£󲻿ܲ֡
һúǰĴһ׼뿪
˭֪סȥ·
Ĵɫһ䣺ˣ˵ɹ֮ˣԶսڣɱ㣬ѵҪΥ˵
ЦˣĴҾɱ㣬ֻҪС㲻˵˭֪ɱ㣿ҡҲûɱ㡣
ţ
ĻĴ˿
˼ɱ
󣡡
ֽüͷһ壬ܿ죬չˣһ˫˸ɱ⣬ĿĴϡ

У֣ѿնԲͶĴȥ
֮ϡ·̺ǧ֮
ĴȻԴСˮͨ֡˺һˮ֮ǡ
䣡
һ죬Ĵȫһһ顣
Ĵ³һѪ磬ӵһࡣ
ӰΣȥ
ۿĴͷ֮ϣ׻Ӱ֣һȻ䣬׻ӰӦ顣
ۣ
ĴſڣһѪ³
£Ϣήҡ
ʵĴʵûлͨĹǰ˲һ
ֻǣ֮ǰɹʱһӰ
һδ̤侳أԺ͹󿹺⣬еӰȥ
ݺݵضŹĴ﷢ݡ
ͻƵ侳أҪʮ
ҵĿҲﵽˣǲǿˣ
Ĵʡ
ڵҪʱһȫĵطˡ
ΪҸղ㣿ЦЦ
ѵǣĴɫһ
С㣬ĴˣʵӦɱҾͲˡ
ֽ΢Ц
лʦ֡
ֽԹлһɷ磬۽Ĵһ˫֮УɱȻ
ϣƵͳ˺һ֮ƣĴ
Ĵɫ䣬˹ղǷ˼
ǲɱ
Ȼֽɱ
ƽȮۣڻ᲻ֽĶͷ
С㣬
ٽĴ߸ϵīʯ۹Żӣġ
ĴһΪǸӲͷû뵽Ҳġ
ЦˣǰһĻôʡ
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ֽϣħֶ䣬һħ棬Ĵȼա

ɱң
ֽ㲻ú
Ĵţ
һӺĴ屻ħվϢ

С㣬ô
Ĵ󣬹ֽ
ֽ˵ϴαоȥҾͱ͵أ
ҲһҲ֪ˡ
ǵһеġȻû£ӦҲ¡
ϣɡ
ֽڳСŶ֮ˣһǽС
ϣҵǡ
ԶսƸӵĳɽ֮ϣ绯ɽӰ֮УŴء
ߣһͲţܶá
ݼ䣬͸¶ֱϢ꽣ޣУżɱ֮⡣
ݡ
ʱֻɽһƳ̺Ż
ͻˣͻΣһҪΪҽꡣ
꽣䣬ưޱȣ£ֱӽƳ֮
㾹Ȼûߡ
ͻƵ侳صĳ磬ãն𣬾ͷǰʱ䣬׷ɱԼյĽޣȻֳˡ
һƬɽУ˶Է
ֻǣû뵽Էһֱڵ
ûõЩƬ뿪
꽣ĿޱȣȻ
ЦˣôšܴｫƬߣ
գ类оߺ󣬱͵һڡڣĵط
Ǹطõʮö֮⾳ƬУи߼⾳Ƭ
˵ĻԵ
˭֪ʱõЩƬһĻ̫ܽڵ꽣޿
һ·׷ɱ
֮꽣ޣһΪ侳أ侳ص֮ƥС
ֻܶһƬƸӵĳɽ룬㿪̫ܽ꽣޵׷ɱ
ʱ䣬ɴڳɽ
ԭΪأ̫ܽڵ꽣ӦѾȥ
˭뵽Էôġ
̫ܽڵ꽣ޡ粢İ
ǵսԶսʱԵܵܳἰ̫ܽǿеһˣ֮ڰ֮֮ˡ
ǵã̫ܽڵĶʮˣһˣ꽣Ϊס
ɱ㣬ƬȻҵġ
꽣ϣϢ죬صĽƣ·޾ƣĩ֮
ʡ
뽣У˺ѳգɵĽ⣬ֱӳ硣
ݣ
ĽҲʣһΪ̤侳غҲ̫ܽڵ꽣ޡ
Ľӹ֮
ӹ֮ɰٴ
ɱڽתӶӭ˶Էһ
ϣ
˫ײһɽ档
Ľƣѹ꽣޵ĽƣȻȴѷɫ꽣޷ֺ
֮ǿֲ

̧սնš
̽ԵĽǲʤ
̫ܽڵ꽣ޣʱĮӣֳּɵ
ӵˣͻƵ侳غ󣬲ֻӣʵ档
벻
Էӹ֮ĽƣʤĽơ

ϵĳۣ졣

꽣ͷһӰ۳Ρ
ǽͨ
̫ܽ꽣޵ĽͨͨħϢ棬á
ͨȻ£нΪһ壬ǺΪһ塣
䡪
վ꽣ޣʧȡ֮ģһűϢڰ޽
ڰ޽꽣޵Ľͨһ졣
˽һ
һĻü͸¶ּɵ
˽һǽ޵ǿֶΡ
Ҳ
˽һƿննԼĺڰ޽绽Լͨ

ͨ磬к׾ٶ㿪˺ڰ޽һ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µĽ⣬Ժڰ޽֮ϣƿն䡣
ɽһ࣬ɽʯѣľϿ


251 
ɽ֮ϣড
̫ͨܽ꽣뽣ͨ
߿֮ϣֻʣһϰ׵ıɫһʮ׵ĺڰ޽
ͨ
ڰ޽Уһɣе꽣޵
һ̣ڰ޽һգɢһȦȦǣƳ
ͨΣʾԽ
̫ܽ꽣ޡʡ̺żš
ǾͿûˡ
ɫѶ䣬Ѫſԣǳ
һһɽ֮ϣչѪĶԾ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ڰ޽ÿһ£̺ſµơ
ɫ磬ÿζܶ㿪ɺڰ޽ǽƬɽ룬ƻ˥ޱȡ


ɫ֮ƶڰ޽ս˿·硣
ֻ
ڰ޽Уʵż
Էĸо˱
Ը
Ӵıɫ䡣
һΣûжӭ˺ڰ޽
·˺ѳգѪſǡ
һ棬̺Ľƺͷƣƣ·һ
ں֮ƣ
ڰ޽һʵУż־֡
ڰ޽һתӭȥ
ݣ
ʱѪӳ棬ֱӺڰ޽ơӶֱӽ޽͸
޽ʵθ֡
ֻǣڵʣüȫǲ˼飺ǡں֮ơ
ţ͸
һʱʶʩչĲں֮ơ
ֻΣû
Ϊں֮Ʋ˼ɵŲѡӲӲ
˭֪һ֮ʹɥ
ҡʡ
û˵ʵһ˫ͫף׹¡
ɫɢȥ֣׹ʬ壬Ŀƽ
̫ܽڣһνԶսĶʮУǿеһˡ
侳ؽޣʣ
̫ܽڶԣĪʧ
ԴӺ˾һ󣬳֮ǿһһ䣬ټһ·ɱٵ˲ٵĿܣƬԽԽࡣ
ףȻһƬԭ
ɫĲԭһ޼ʣڳ˵ǰ
˾Զս£Ӧúһû˯Ⱦɣ˾硣
˾ͷ
Զսģ˭ܺú˯Ⱦ
ﻷһϢϢｨ
˾絹Ҳ޳ɡ
УΪ㻤úϢա
䣬˸䣬ڲԭһ࣬һƬյء
ڿл˾˲ԭ֮ϣ˯˹ȥ
ԶԶȥʬûʲô
һ̲סһЦ
û뵽˾磬˯ʱȻ
˾һ˯˯ҹ˫ۣˬ³һ
Ǭ½ߣȻԾ˯
ϵƣȴǾָܻ
Ψзſģƽƽ˯һþָʢʱڡ
˯˶ˣ
˾ʳ
ҹЦ
ôã
˾һЦȥϢɣΪ㻤ҿ˯ա
ҡͷһЦڲƺϣǰδеƽ
֪ʱ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãʶģоԼһΣһܳܳΡ
Уһˡ
һӵͨˡ
һӣݼ͸¶ԾµϣڳλУһܺȡ
ϣ·Դڹ
ӣԺսսսأͨһͨ
ͨ۳Σһ׵Ľɫһ˫Į߸ϣ·
ڣ
ܿ죬﷢֣ӵԼɫ֮У·Ϊһ֡
ʱظӦԼ
£Ӵ壬ÿһλʹ
һУ뵱ͨΪһ龰ơ
סɫеֶΣտʼ㲻һδμ䣬·̹ġ

УںһٵһУҲٵһС
ǰһߵŮӣԶ
ŮӣòǣǺɶһŮӣȻɶȣȫͬ͡
˵ɶһȪġ
һŨƣ˻ζ
ŮһϮɫۣ۱ϣŽߣԳ
ȻŮӶˣͷӴķӰ۳Σݵ̬ȫչڳǰʱﳹˡ
ⲻǷ𣿡
Ůͷķͨǰ˵еķˣһģһ
ܿ죬ŮҲ˷֮ͨڣͨķˣȼȵĻ棬ǵ
ʱͷ֣Ӷˡ
׵Ľɫϰ׳Ļ˽棬һʱѷָ¡
۷ĶԾóֻоѪڡ
˵Ϊ䲻ס
ܿ죬궯ģ֣еĽɫͻˣ·ԽԽԶ
ˡ
еһУʣֺ
ֻǿԼµ֮ͨ
ٴγ˯ȥ
֪˶ãһΣͬǰߵΡ
У·һӣ֮أһԺӡ
㲻ϴԺӣŻݲݡ
ǡ
ﻷܣܿסˡ
һԺӣ·֮У˷ȫ޵һС
ͻȻеӶˣֻһ̧֣֮Уƶ
һСǰ
Сʱ鼤һСǰڹгԻСһģһûаֲ

ʱһСĵڶ㣬һĵ伮ɳ
һ̣ԸоӺС֮ϵ
Сĵڶ㣬Ǳġ
ָһ
֪ûʲôֱľͨǷҲ֮ܡ
Լľͨ
䡪
ͻȻоըףʲô£ȫѡ
˫̧ۣͷԶ߿ա


˾ϳӶɽˮ֮дݶ
һ֮ƣǵض
ಣಣಣಣಣ

˾ͷ֮ϣħͨѸһֶ䡣
۵ˣֵ˾ѸĹơ
ĹϵǲֻӣƴˡҸһλᣬֻҪ뿪Ҳɱ㣬ֻɱ
ĮһӰ¡
̧֣ħ£µ̺صƣ˾ħͨ
ۣ
ͨɣ˾³һѪ𶯡
޳˫֣뿪ݣٴηȥ
ɽˮ֮س


252 ɱ¾
˾磬Ըɽˮ֮һɱңظˡ
˾磬ѣ֮ˣ
ȻҾͳȫ㡣
˾Ͷ䣬ħǵض䣬˾硣
ˣˣһͬ˾֡
ˣˣˣˣˣ

Ը߿֮´
ʮ⣬ŷƥ֮ƣӭҪ˾صˡ
ˣǱˡ
һΪ֮ˣǣ֮ƣӡĳһⱻ顣
ˡ
նߵĳ˾Բ԰׵ϣֳЦݡ
š
ͷĿΪ֮˵ϣκ赣
ǰˣǼħĵӡ
Ϊ֮ˣκ赡
Զս֮⣬뽫ɱκ赡
ƲֻϧΪ̫͡˾Ȫ֮£úڰɣǽʦõһˣע
κϣħ졣
֮ƣ㣬ɣ
ÿûǸˡ
һɨκ赣ǻɱ⡣
𣬳ͷ֮ϣѪ֣ͨѶ䣬Ƴ
ۿ﻽ͨκˣЩ㵡
ͨӵߣ
˲䣬ǾͿѪͨѶ䣬Ӱʧ
ͬʱѪͨһ˫Ѫ˼ʣ·һ̣˾޴ת䡣
ɫΪһ֮ҹȻѪͨΪһ塣
ѪͨһͷѪɫ
צ֮䣬ʶצֽһ죬ûκβӦĸо
˾翴һĻסˡ
ʲôʱֶͨΣ
ħӣһĻ¶ּɵ
Ψκ赣η壬̤ն
ͷ֮ϣӰ۳ΣŪ飡
κ赵츳ֳͨһͨ
ħͨ
ħͨΪӴʮ׸ߣͨȼħ棬һ˫ͭͫף˸ɺɫ
һ̣κˣ֮ͨС
Ӵħͨ˫ֳͫ
κ赣Ҳħ֮ͨС
ţţţţţ

Ӵħ̤ͨնж磬ա
Խһץĵƣĳµƣѹ̶֮޴ӡѶѪɫ¡
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ĲٿصצӭȥΥѵצƿն
צÿһצ֮ϣŷƥĵơ
ѵذؾһ
֣֮ǣ
꣡
һצ£ݿץκڵӡ
ڳ׼ǰצ֮κӲӲʱ
֣ħӣ˵˾磬ҪųӦ˲Ͼʱɱ˾硣
ߣ
һߣѪдѪ׹£ӭħӡ
һ˫צ֮ƵӣǣƺХ
һ棬͸ħӵ塣
ʱȥܱˣ
κڵһ£ѪͨӴ֮ϣóѪӿ
Ѫͨ飡
Ѫɫһ˫ӣκڵħͨ
ѵצץƥĵ
ӭκٴµһơ
䡪
һһٺˣ¡
κ赣ϾǼħһһˣ侳еٮٮߣȻȫʩΪҲѹκ赡
ħۣͨͭ¶ֲ졣
һ侳ߣܺսƽ֣κڵ飬临ӡ
ƫƫ˻˾ıɱ֮ˡ
ֻǣտҪɱһ򵥵¡
޴ħͨѶӴͨڿнսķƶ
һӹȥָ¡
ʱȥָ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

κ赲ٿصħͨһһ£̺źơ
һһΣѪͨ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ٿصѪͨѵצûͣ
һƶηӭȥ
ˡ
һצ£ٿصѪɫ硣
κ赲ٿصħͨͫ¶мһ£ӭȥ
ɱﲻףɱһס
ꡪ
ʱ˲֮ƣ͵һһ֮ƣȥ
ѵצشɣ
ãκɫһ䣬Ҳ˳һצĲͬ
䣡ħͨľƣɱѵצֱӴ͸
ھһٿصѪצȥƲ͸ħͨš

ħͨ˲֧飡
κֳΣɫɷףһ߼ѪģԱղųһצ
κ赾ĿУĲٿͨٴη
κ赣ͨɣûͨƾ衣
˲䣬ͱͨ֡
꣡꣡꣡

Ѫգκ赣
Ѫͨɢȥ緢ĳ֮ϣĿƽ
ѡ÷ɵͨ䲻⣬ͽκɱˡ
ֻǣһѪͨʩչѵצóͻƵ
ʵ֤ѡȷġ
ѵצȻ̤˾شɡ
ʵһΡ
ڵɱ侳еٮٮߣһ侳أƾѵؾؾɵͨӦӦ
̬
˾ۿ̤߽̲ס³֡
չֳʵĪ
ǳٽһ̤侳ء
侳֮£Ķô
Զս֮⣬ɲ¡
ľĸۡǰԺһˣһλ塣
ͻȻɫ䡣
ô˺档
ʱΪˣҲǼħ񣬴ָȡһöӡ
׼ȷ˵һöѵӡ
˭Ļ飿˻ǵӣ˸
κڡ
ͳޱȣһһۣ᪹ʧˡ
嶼û꣬ȥ
ɹı᪹ңңȥ顣
κ赣Ͼ״ӡ
κϣע˼Ѫ
ţ
ͻȻ᪹ɫ䣬һ̧֣Ҳһö顣
ոѡ
١
᪹ĺü
١ˣ
᪹˳ʮ·ҵĺĵ⣬ʮĵӵĻ飬С
ʱ䣬
ĸѵģҲû뵽١
Զս֮ˣɱ١ˣࡣ
Ȼ١ˡ
飬ǲƭ˵ġ
Զսһ޼ʵĲԭ֮ϣһӰ׹¡
һʬ塣
ɹ⣬һ۾ϳ١
ɹĵеٮٮߡ
һĵӵһˡ
ಣ
ӴӰֱ١ʬ塣
ԿһӰӴӰӳ١ѹһȡ˴ƬŻصӴӰ֮ϡ
ӴӰһ
ֻԴһ졣
˫ͷԡ
ɹνԶսĶʮУƺҲ١ΪǿȴҲ˲һ
˫ͷϣĮؿ١ʬء
䣬˲м


253 ؾ
ơ¡µԶսޱߡ
ԶսģһµĹ
µţ·ûκκۼ
һ㲻ϴȴһظУһ˿˿ϢַԲǧ֮ء
ԶһһŮӰ
ǹϢСݳȥģ
ֽЩȣ͹Ͳһ˿ѰϢ
Ϣָǣǰ˵ء
Ӧǡ
ͷɫ
³޳
˼ǰߣ֮ǰͣ˽Ų
һ͸¶أҲǽԶս󣬼ΨһһĽ
˵᲻ߵϢ֮أ
뵽ʲô
ֽԣһпܡ
֪ʱ˵ĺЩ
ߵϢ֮أռƬӦöǴ
Žգǰȥ̽ƿš
ûʲôȻһžͱ򿪡
ÿ
ʱǲʲôɫͬʱһӵһࡣ
ֽæ˿
ͣͣͣͣͣ

֮һīĻ棬ƾճ֣Х
Щ棬Թֽԣİ
ǺͳһһΪЩɫĺɫУһһֿ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ɫĻ棬ըѿ
ϸ΢ǣһſźɫĻ֣˸ī
ߣ
ֽ͹󿴵һĻɫһ䣬æԶӶȥ
һɫУһſŻֵըѣ֮С
ţ
ܿ죬˶Ρ
Ƿ֣ЩɫУûиκ뵱ڻɽȺϳֵУȫͬ
ǻڳɣСǰ䶸
һУȻת
ܿ죬һӰƾճ֮⣬У֮ʧ
ɣ
֮ˣĿһӭȥ
ֽҲȥ
˼˹ЩɫУҪߣҪ˽
ɣǵһ
С㡣
ֽҲЩȡ
ԭڲãĲԭǰͻȻͷһУͽ˽ȥ
ǰһͷԼ
ɵľȻû꣬ע⵽һɫУڲԶ
ɫһ䣬ʶÿ
ģЩвὫ˾ߣֻὫ˾
͵
䣬һ֮ǰһӰЩУ˴Ҳ֮ʧ
ˣԶս֮ˡ
Ǳ͹󣬷׷ãؿΧһС
֪ʲô
ܡ
ƾճ֣Ŀһ
̫ӵ¡
ɣЩ£뼸ֻܴսȴͻȻƾճֵд͵
ܿ죬ɹһˣ̳֡
˾硢çһһ֡
ɽʱһǱ·վһս
ܿ죬ڿеУֻʣĸ
ڳ֮ˣԤС
֮ˣûģҪôˣҪôͻᱻĸн
ˣĿתĸС
ͳ޺һ֮ɽׯӣһ񣺡ʷʦ֣
Ԧű˫ͷԵʷֳͣΡ
ţ
ǰһУʷЩӦ
ﻹû
ֽһС
ģҸǰһ̻һ𡣡
˾Цǲġ
˾Ļֽ硢ɵˣ˿
һӰ֮ǰ
ʦ֡
ɲͭĵĵӣ׷׶к
Ԫɲһһˡ
ԪҲǵĿǰΪֹУ̬Ϊƽһ
·׼
ڣֻʣС
Ҳ˵ľʮˣڳ֮ˣֻܾʣ˻š
ȻҲΪԭû͹
һ֮ǰһˡ
һλޡ
ʦ֡
ڳļ̫ܽڵӣкˡ
˻£͸¶ԵϢڵĽƣϢȻ
˰ԵҲԵ
ǸսԶսʱ֮֮ˡ
̫ܽڵĶʮУǿ֮һ
ܿ죬һУڳ˵ע⡣

һˣڳ֡
һʮͷˣڳ˶ϵˡ
ɹӡ

˾Ҳں档
˾磬硭
һףЦˡ
ǰһ̣ڹĲԭϣۿ˾类ͻߣЩ¡
ûãͷҲһС
Ȼͷ֣Լɣ͵ֵĵط
ֻҪǻŵˣӦö˹
󣬾µСǰ»ָƽ
Χһۣڳ֮ˣֻʣʮˡ
ˣڳ￴׶༪١
䡪
Զһ촫һӰȥ磬磬ݺˤڵء
ɽ
çüǰ
ɽһɫһɽׯӣгѪĳޡ
ٸҳ֣ұɱ㡣
ʷͼԦű˫ͷԣһɨɽȻ
ղţɽˡ
ʱˣҲɽߡ
Ĳۣ֮ͬˣŽһ𣬲ߵøԶ
ɱ˸
ɽʷһɽׯӡ
ߣˣϧ㻹ɱҵ
ɽׯĵӣϸˣк˸޵ضɽ
ǹŹֵͻȻ֣ɣ
ɽҧ
͸ɽׯӣչһսս
սУɽׯӼԦ
ɽɽׯһսռϷ磬ۿҪԷɱ˭֪ͻȻͱ͵
һУɽúܡ
ҪɱлᣬһʱȰ
š
ɽͷҲףĳ£Ҫ쿪
֮ˣԾһ
ɹߣֻʣʮһˡ
硢ɡ˾硢çɽﲻʶĺĵӡ
ʣµľˣ׶༪١
û뵽١û
çЩȡ
ߣǲõ١ˣС
ʱɽׯʷͣ·çĻмһЦɹʮУΪ֮ˣˡ
Ȼɹ֮ˣʶ١׶༪١
ʷͳϣͬ
ɹһĵеĵһˣȻˡ
ʦܺͺʦܣҲ׶༪ˡ
̾˵ˣ֮ǰСŶӵˡ
ѡˡ
ҲˡףĴҲû͹
çȵü䣬͸¶ֻζ
Ĵɱˡ
ֽӹçĻͷ֮У͸¶ɭȻĺ⡣
ţ
ɹ˿ֽһ㵡
ҲֽЩȡ
Ĵīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵһˣ侳أ˺һ֮ơ
侳УĴҲٮٮߣֽɱˣ
ֻֽ侳߶ѡ
б顣
λӭ
֮ˣδͬʱɭޱȵС֮ڴ


254 
ͻ·Ծ֮£ëȻ
֮֮ˣ׷
ʲô
ֻһƳֳɫ״壬ڹŴʱܱ紵ɢ
ղŵԴһ塣
ꣿ
ɲΪ֮ˣᵬĹŵӡԪվǰһ¶⡣
Сһﲻֻ츳ʶҲܿꡣ
ɫ꣬ٴδ
ߣ
ڳ֮ˣ
һƷ·ʱɢ꣬Դ󣬾Գơߡ
ǰһۣһ
һŵͷ
ǰһ꣬ѵߣ
ǰ߲Ǳǿɱô
ߣ
Ԫɫ
ԪһڣΧǵ
ܴٴδԳݡ
֪߲꣬ǡ
̫ܽΪ֮ˣޡ񡯿ǰһ꣬û˵꣬ͱϣۼ˲ɣ
һϣʲôЦǸʱ˵
̫ܽڣڡ
ߣȻûҲţ
꣬ʮʱ䣬ԼУơ𡯣ҵǱˣ겻𣬻صƬԶս֮С
ò˵Ļڳ֮˶ߣ췽ҹ̷
ߣȻţ
ЩˣԶսҪѰȡߵġ
ڣ߻ţôˣЩëȻ
ȻҲһЩˣڵߡ
ǿڵߣֻһѣûκв
һת۹򣬶ȥˡ
żֲɣ
û뵽߳ƣߣҲнʣһƲлһ졣
ħһ̤иֳ֮ɫ뻳ȡһɫĹŹƿӣƿΧ˸̵Ĺ⻪
ԣⲻһͨƿӡ
͡
ħŹƿƿȡߣƿߵꡣ
ߵꡣ
ʣµļħӣĿ׷ȡ˹ŹֵƿӣӶߵꡣ
ֻҪǼħӣռл꣬Բлħ֮
ǿ˭ߵ꣬һ컯
ˣȲ
Ҫ
Ĵ֮ˣҪֹħӵͬʱֽһ־ȣ˷׷׿
ֻǣǵעֻܿص˼ħϡ
ĵջֶΣҲȡߵ꣬쿪
֮ڣм
˲䣬ɫ꣬ͻȻʧ˵ǰ
³ԭء
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ֽ֮⣬ħʣľˣһһȻء
һЩͷصļħϣ˶ǵˣǵüģһѪ
ѪϻŴ۵Ѫ
ڳ֮ˣֻоëȻ
ٴοߵʱг˼ɵǼɵ

һĻֽɫɷףȻκ赲ðļħӣȴС
ڵϵˣͬš
Զսʮˣֻʣһˡ
ڰˣ̾˿οֽ
ħӣͼȥߵ꣬һ
ʱ̰Իһ˵һ
ħľŸӣѪܵĽѵ
վò˵Ǻˡ
ߵٴγֻϧŸһϧԼ
ߡ
ɽׯΪ֮ˣʷͣߵ꣺ǽԶսʮˣûг֮ˣȴ֪
ֻҪ˿ͨĴţԶս֮УеĻŵ˶ᱻơ¡͵ûгˣ˵Ѿˡ
ߵĻڳ֮ϣ顣
ûгˣˣ
񣬼ħ֮ˣֽ⣬ȫˡ
ڳ֮ˣԭʮˣڵʮˡ
ħֻʣֽһˡ
ɹʣʮһˡ
ɽׯʣˡ
ɲ£ʣ¾ˡ
̫ܽڣʣ°ˡ
ȻɽׯʣµУһ˼ԦɱĿǰУʵǿһ
ܾȻˣ
ʦˣ˭ɱ

̫ܽڽʣİˣΪ׵Ƚϵ˷׷ɫ䣬š
ʣ̫ܽһŽ֮һʵ൱û뵽һξȻԶս֮С
κˣ
Ȼκڵֽԣϲ
һ뵽֪κȥ飬Щ˸С
֪һֱܿκڡ
ҪȻҲҪκˡ
û뵽һɹʮˣʣ°ˡ
çп
ͨɹĵѡΣΪɹĵӵʮˡ
Ĵ͸ˣȴúúõġ
̫磬Σգڲſʼ
һؿߵ꣺ڣҪЩΣ
ʱڣɱħľˡ
ڳ￴Ҫɱڳ֮ˣ練ơ
˵
Ļڳ֮ˣ׷״˸СпзӦһɫصؿߡ
ɱǣһӲˡ
ģҲɵǣһݴ񡣡
ߵдУż
ʲô
̫ܽһ꽣ޣʵ
û˻ΪôģϳĶӡ
֪Щ˵Ŀĺ׷Źǡ
ţֻһϷȻϷĹУˣõǽԶսΪƬôֻҪϷлŵ󣬾ǰƬҲлõ
ߵ
ò˵ߵĻмջ
ڳ֮ˣܱ򶨵ģһ룬ʣµˣƽԶ˼֡
Ҫʲô
ﾯʡ
ߵһƮ˳ǰóһƲߵꡣ
СһƲȥǰ;
ߵУ͸¶־̾̾ڳĵơ
ڳ֮ˣ׷׿
ܱ˿ޣǿɹ˵ĵƣȻ䲻
Ų㣬ھǰĹ֮Сһײǣϣܴһ㣬
ɭЦڳÿһ˵ĶС
ţ꣬ƾʧڳǰ

ߣڶ
ճʱڸڳ֮˴к˵ʲôӭ
ǿߣûж
ղŷһУʵ˷˼û˸㴳߿еġ


255 
ʱ䣬һ̣·ֹ
󣬻ǳ
ֱǰĹȥ
ȻУⲻΣա
ڳ￴ΣգҲһ
ߣֻʣһ꣬ʵȴǿɱǣ練ơ
һ£ѡ롣
ۿﶯ硢ɺ˾磬Ҳȥ
ǲỳɳľ
棬һԹ޻ڡ
һֽçɽͳҲ˽ȥ
ɹӪֻʣһ˸ɹӣĿתҲ֪ʲô
Ҫ߰ɣ
һɹӣʡ
á
һɹӣæͷ
˽һԶӶȥ
һЩˣЩ⶯
䣡䣡
ȻʱɹԶݵķͻȻ졣
֮ˣȻؿɹӵ壬ƾըѣ
òס
ߡ
ɲµˣŴʦԪһ£ȥ
׼
̫ܽںɽׯˣҲϡ
Ƕʶߣûиѡء
ԳΪ׵ɹˣϼħֽһʮˣһȣ߽С
СУһɫϡ
Ӧþˡ
۲Χһ󣬳˵ǽ
һʮˣӶ˱ɫϣʧСڡ
ȥʮˣûз֣ıɫϣǽȥ󣬱ˡɫ
ס
ɫϣŲʵأΧ
һĶߣضǽһڵϵĽ
ЩǲͬĽûһͬ
ȫ
ܿ죬çľ˻ع
һߵĽ˵Ҳгǧ
ǧݳޱȡ
ףһݣѵͨһģ
߶۲һ󣬷ԶһͨĽݡ
Ҳ˵һߣֻеһ㡣
СӣͨڶĽݣѵߣ
ʱߵ·߸ϡ
ڶ㣿
һˣ̲סһ
˵һϷһƶϷΪһǣò˵ɼΡԣңϷƶߣΪ˽ǵһ͵ڶ㣬㣬齣򡣡
ߵٴλصĲڣǰľͷܷ룬Ϳǵıˡ
ߡ
ͻȻڣȻΪĽһ͵ڶ㡭ͨһ͵ڶĽǷҲӦøǣ

ߵЦ㣺Сӣò˵ܶθڡĽǴӵ㿪ʼģǰ㣬֮ͨˣҲõκνˣ˴ھŲ֮ǰҵٳ֡
߻һ䣬㣬ָƽ
û뵽Ƚǰ㡣
Ц
ҲЦˣʵ벻
𶯣
ͻȻﾪһŵøսһçһôˣ
ݣ
ɲǼ䣬ç棬çɫ䡣
ˣˣˣˣˣ

çİεǱλΪģԲʮڵ
һ棬·˹
ݣݣݣݣݣ

Բʮ׵ʮһһ
ܿ죬ʮ֮еĳ֮󣬶ʮӰ
ЩӰͨڣģ
µϢʮֽӰڳһ˵ϣ·ʱԳ˳֡
ǽ֮⾳󾪡
ҡҲǹġ
çɫ΢䣬ǸȻؿ˳һһۡ
ڲ˵Щʱ취ЩӰˡ
ͬʱƳ죬Ѫͨ֡
һ̣Ѫͨ
ٿѶѪɫʮոնĳֽӰ
ͣͣͣͣͣ

צӳŲ֮𣬷·˺һС
С
ۿﾹһֶΣҲЩȡ
һϽƳĳ磬Ҳ֮ͨͨУﲢս
ֵܶˣͨӵߡ
֣ͨ·𸲸һйԡ
ھŲ㣬Ҳһ㡣
һƳɫ꣬ʯ̨֮ϣʯ̨ǰ棬ƹɵϣ˸ľ档
Уϰ׵ʮֽӰн
Ƭ֮ʮӰһһ
Щū첻κ鷳ͨӵߣȤǲ֪ܲҵҪ󡭡ţٵȵȰɣм˵ѡѡǺõġ
е·ֳܿ
һ㶴ߡ
Ķߣ͸¶ȵϢÿһһҽڷڡ
ԪΪ׵ɲ¾ˣΪ׵̫ܽڰˣʷΪ׵ɽׯ׷׻һ
ףɹأ
Ǿͷ֣ǰûɹ֮˵Ӱ
ڳˣ֡
ԪʷͣȻǵھŲ㣬һ·ϣȻкܶѹصǣʱΣ
ԪʷͣɲºɽׯΪ֮ˡ
̫ܽڽʣˣ侳Ͻޣ֮⣬ֻʣһˡ
Զ
ûȤʷüͷɽׯĵӣǰȥ
һ·ϣ·оеѹգ׷׵ͺ
ɫһ
ʷͣ
ֿԪ
ֻԪҡҡͷҲܾɲµӼǰߡ
Ҳȥ
һ̫ܽˣȥ
顫
ҽϵطţȻ䣬Щҽǿߡ
֮ˣȻʡ͵ĵƣ׷׵ֵЩҽ
֮æʱҽСУһȾҽĿܡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

Щܣ˸ĳ죬ɱʱضɽҡ
֮ˣ˸ֲ
һ棬ɲº̫ܽھ塢˱ҽܱס
ԪʷͺߵǿߣЩҽһһٵ
ȻûƬ
ܿ죬Ƿ֣ЩҽܲʣһöƬ
ҽܱٵɲǣյˡ
ǸĴۣڽ˵ڶʱֺôû̵
ߣƭǰɣ
ˣԴĦ
ֻǣŹûлͷƭǣˣǣҲֻܼǰߡ
ɹˣһ
һ㣬ֻûɹӵʬѪ˿սۼûз֡
Ǹе˼
ŲΣÿһ㶼ĪΣա
ɲµ֮ˣڶʱ򣬳һˣͨ˵ؿ飬ҵ˽ĲĽݡ
ʽ̤˵Ĳ㣡


256 䶸
ϣֳԵЦݡ
ãϡ
ɹ᪹Ľ֮⾳Ƭ㣬ֵõ˸߲εĽ֮⾳Ƭ
ҪǣЩ֮⾳ƬĽƣΪϡ
ƬֻҪʺԼģá
ʺϵģҲá
Ĳ㡣
Ķߣ˵ĺ⡣
ĵ棬£һװ
Сġ
ͻȻߵĵ棬С͵ĵһ㡣
ĺԭƽޱȣһȥһƬ࣬ʱȴԶߵľͷķѣɢ
ͳ޺ԴԶ߾ͷ
ܿ죬͸һһˣɵ𶯵ʼٸߡ
𡪡
޺
ܿ죬ԣþûмˣһġʮ࣬лߣΪѰôʳѾûζˣҪˡ
һֻű˪ľ޻СɽСľ޻ͨվĺһ
ǡ
ç˿ĭ˼
ղ˵Ļ֮ã


һʮˣųŵض𣬽޻Χס
𣬳Ѫ֮ͨУѶ䣬ֱ޻
ˣ֮
ಣಣಣಣಣ

޻ϣͨ䣬µ̺ű֮ƣǵӳ޿ײ롣
һ˸˶ͨһһͶסΡ
ǵһ
ˣһ̣һ
Ѷͨ޻סˡ

޻ؿԼĽƺ⡣
Ѫͨס﷢֣ԼѪ֮ͨϵڲϵؼ
Ѫͨɢ£סˡ
Ҳһ
ֻҲ侳صĴڡ
ڱ֮Уӣ͸¶ֺȻ
żƽһμ
ȳĸأ
޻һ˶ס󣬿ʼһѾȳ˭
Ŀ⣬˳ϡ
ȽᣬϸƤ⣬ζӦò
֮䣬޻˳
ĳǣھȫ忪Χļ
ֻǣ˿
Ļɵͨȴ֣ɵͨ·Ҳʧȥϵ޻ļ·츳ͨϵ
ǳ硢ɾˣǵ츳ͨ񶼸ɢȥˡ
ɫǺǵͬʱ壬Ҳʼ
ﵽһ̶ȣڳ
Ϸ
ͻȻǲʲôĿһ
֣֣µƵʣΧļʼֲ۵ѷ졣
СӣѾˡ
޻·𿴵˳г˲м
ǣǣǣǣǣ

ֻǣǰһѷļߴļ֮þ޻ͫһһġ
䡪
üѷǣֱƱ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱס˵ļһһѡ
޻Ϣһ˲䣬Щήң˫ͫ˼֡
ղŽǵֶΣͨ
޻·𿴴˾޻ĵϸ
ͨƣǾżһʱҲȫָ
һͷ֮ϣͨۡ
һ̣һ˶ɵˣ޻ǣܡ
׷
ȷӦ׷ȥ
˷׷׸ϡ
׷ˣǹˣߴǵĽ
޻ǰ洫ܿ죬⣬ֱӳһˡ
֣ס⣬֣öƬ
öƬ͸¶ϢǱ֮⾳Ƭ
ףöƬһ⾳Ƭͬ
ֽöƬһָһöƬ˵
ֽһѣҲˣöƬöĲ𣬾һƱϢһСߡ
ߣƬȻͬ
ʱ޻Զңң
Ƭ
һˣ׷Ŀɿڴ
ǰƬ
ھŲ㡣
侳û뵽ڻУҲ޳侳
ɫ꣬
ǰϵĻ棬ǳﱻڼ֮УһĻ
ˣѡˡ
ߵż
ɨһ۱һһ첻ң첻ң
ڳһˣ׼뿪Ĳ㣬ʱ
䶸
ͣͣͣͣͣ

һصĺɫ֣˵ͷ
֮Уµһˣ˽ȥ
ֻǵĲС
սɲ¡̫ܽںɽׯǿߣǵͷҲԳһɫУǾ˽ȥ
ǰһʱͷԼصͨĹ֮⡣
ô£
ͳˣЩ¡
ȫ֪ʲô¡
ɹҲˡ
ܿ죬ɲ¡̫ܽںɽׯǿߣɹҲˡ
һˡ
ôֳˣ
çһɻ
أһ˲ԡ
֣ﲻˣ
ô£أ
ֽĿУżֵ֮ɫ
֮ˣٴνȴ֣ͨϣʧˡ
Ƕ֣
߿еϷˣ
ȥ󣬳Щ¡
ǰһܿͷ֣Լһ㲻ϿĶ֮ڡ
ڣΪ࣬Աߵһֻֻʣһʯ̨һϡ
γɵľϣĻ棬ǽ֮ǰĻ档
﷢֣硢ɺ˾ˣ񶼱͵档
һǣڵ
ҿ£
Ŀۣʯ̨Ͽյ꣬ߵꡣ
ף֮Ի߸Ĺ
֣ʲô
³
ɲûк¡
СӣӦԼˣܱѡϡӽ⸱Ƥң뱾һսķʱǬ½ǹԵһҳ
ߵɭޱȡ
Ƥң
һܿʶʲôɫһ䣺Ҫҵ壿
ܴ
ߵż⣺ѹᣬһΪ
ϵ𣬷ɵͨۡ
˭֪ɵͨճ֣ͱСӣǰˣֻһ꣬ȴҲ侳꣡С
ﲻģ֣ͨٴα߻飬һͨɡ
Ѫӿ
Ϊʲôң
³ѪɫԲ԰׵ĳߡ
Զսôˣȴƫƫѡ
ܾãù
Ӧűԭ


257 ͨ
Ϊʲô㣿
ߵУżܣΪ޳侳ߣڽԶսУʺҵġ
侳
һ
㲻֪侳ߵУ˾ȡ
ʲô
ʡ
Ĳ֪
ߵΪ߹׳Ƥҵķϣ߾͸һν侳һ侳ߣһΪﵽ侳غһ񡣵ȻҲʲôˣΨ츳ߣ񡣡
񣿡
侳غһߣͻƵ侳侳غ̤侳һֵߣǿѡ弫ޣͻƵ侳侳غ̤侳
ò˵ߵĻд󾪡
ԭ϶Ϊ侳֮·Ҳмѭġ
侳ʵ߿еġ侳
ȫˡ
ȥɻ󣬳׽⿪
侳侳ȡʲôͬ
ʵ
޳侳֮ˣѰǿҲȻڵ㣬侳ɵġԪĺô޳侳֮ˣպ̤侳ʱԪ롮֮ڣ֮һΣ
˵ЩȻұ޳侳֮ˣ侳һʱһ֮ɱ侳֡ҵͨǵͨ൱ɱǡľԪڵ֮
侳һΪɱ侳ǿߣ
У͸¶ֺȻ
޳侳֮ˡ̤侳󣬾Ⱥô
ұȺԶսУѡʺҵ壬ԾŲΪǵĿ顭ԭҿ֮ˣǸΪԪСӣĹ˵ãǿȼѡ˭֪ƿĺʱ⵽㾹޳侳ߣһҾ϶㣬ǰϷ
ߵĻеɻȫ⿪
ɬ֪Լˣǵù
޳侳дǰ;
գȴҪ
ġ
Ҫҵ壬ɲס
Ŀϵ֣ǡ
˭֪һ̣ʶһɹ·ֱԼ꣬Լá
Сӣ˵ˣǰʲôСõģʵҽ⸱ϵȵƤҰɣ
ߵ꣬Цͬʱʱ˳üġ

ڸãߵ̫ǿˡ
侳ǿߣһ˿£ʱָǺεǿ᣿

ֻϧһУûȥˡ
ʹ־ᶨʹٲģҲѡֻ
ȻкܶҪȥ
ûĸףûۿż𣬻ûʵԼĿꡣ
ɶ
Ժܿ측ֳһʤѩٻӰ
ɶ
Ҳ
ڲȻһУô
ԸоüĴʹߵ꣬ûԼüġ
֮ߣٴ䣬ķ
ߵŵſ
üĴʹʱ﷢֣Լʶʼģ
ףںĿȨڲ˯Բ˯
ֻǣƣĸоܿϯȫЩסˡ
˯Ҳ˯
ף˯ȥˣҲѲˡ
Сӣûõģ㡭ʲô
괫ͻȻһ䣬޾ľ֡
ԴĿ־塣
﷢֣Լʶ
֣Լ壬Լƣ̧ͷһǰһĻĿɿڴ
֪ʱľͨͷ
ȥͨ谵ĵ㣬Ȼˣһɫ⣬ߵ֮ϡ
ߵ꣬һ󣬻æ㿪·Ϊʹࡣ
ͨ㣡
Ŀһͨɫ⣬ѹߵꡣ
һݾͨɫӰΣ׷ߵꡣ
˲䣬ߵһҽٴδ
ߵ꣬ÿһζͲݾͨɫ⡣ٴȥʱ޿̲ڲ
﷢֣ߵ꣬ɫÿһ֡˼֡
·˲١
ͣ£ͣ£
ҲܲˣæԳ˵䣬żֿ
ͣ£
Ŀͨٴζɫ׷ߣӰΡ
ڵߣﻹйȥĿֻҪͣ£ҪʲôҶ㡭⾳ƬƬҪʲôҶ㣬㣡
ûȤ
ﵭڣֻҪߵٵҪʲôԼȥң
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ͨɫ⣬ÿһ£߶ԣһ
ÿһ£궼Ҫϼ֡
ȥҪɢ
Ķˣ֪Сӻôµġ֪ͨС޳侳ߣҲὫϡ
һʧǧźޣ
ᵽ仰ĺ塣
ҪʲôֻҪܸҶ㡣
߳ˣٱϼ£꣬Ҫױˡ
侳꣬һ壬ֱɢ
ܸʲô
ʱͣ˾ͨĺʵ
ֲһ䣺Ҹһλᣬ㲻⡭ߣ
Ув֮⡣
Ӵľͨڳͷ֮ϣƺ嫡
ɫ⣬ھͨΧƣ֮
ߵһƬ̣·ڿʲô
ûã
Цͨɫ⣬Хӹһ࣬ǲ߶
ҡԸʩ衮Ѫ䡯
ߵ·ҧ˾
Ѫ䣿
ͫһ
ѪʲôȻ
Ѫ䣬һ˵꣬һūֶΡ
ڼʯѪʩչ֮
ֻǣһߣҲʩѪ䣬ߵĽǲ¡
ԸʩѪ䣿
ֿߵһۣȷϵ
ǱߣеĶû뵽Ҫ׳Լɡ
о˼
һλ侳ǿߣֻʣ꣬һǿޱȡ
ǡ
Э˵
ߣӦòΪв°ɣ㲻ʲôıɣ
ۿôϣﵹЩˡ
вȻҪΪӵеͨͨ
ߵù
ԴԶԡͨĿ־塣
Σ˵Ǭ½ʷϣӵн֮ͨˣһǾ춯صĴڡ㣬պһиߵĳɾͣԶ꣡⣬ѡѪ䣬Ը׷Ҫԭ򡣡


258 µ
ߵУԡͨη塣
Դη塣
ͨ
ߵĻó̲סһ
ǵһʡ
ɿˣҪ֪һҶѪ䣬ȫҵƿ֮Уٶ˿ͷȻѪҷ𣡡
ɫһߵһۡ
ҿѪ䣬׷㡭һԸӦнͨޣ
ߵ˳С
ЦˣȻĿġ
ģԣѡ
߲
˵˵
ͨĿԼɫܣóﻯΪסߵѨ
ҿ׷㣬㲻ýҵū͡ˣ޺ôҲһǿߣΪūΪͣԸһ
֮䣬͸¶ǿ
ߣǻ߳ƵĴڡ
գΣڵϦȣҿ˳Ǳ׷ľġ
ȻܴӦΪūΪ͡
һΪʲô
ЦˣҿԴӦֻҪպңǾΪѣ޲ɡ
ѣ
ڳ˵ⷬʱߵ꣬ײһ
ţֵҹ㣬պںŪңѪƴҲ壡
ͷ˵ٶҲûãʱ䣬˵һС
ɡ
һ͸¶Ȼ
̧֣һʳָһѪγɸӵͼ͸¶һ˿˿Ϣ

䣬Ѫεͼߵꡣ
ƽʱߵѪ䣬ɱȵ컹ѡ
߸ԸóѪ䣬Ѫܿꡣ
Ѫɡ

ͨѪϵܲƣ
ߣҲֻѡˡ
ߵ꣬Ӷڵֻ͸ü˽ȥ
ޣ
һ߾ѡֻΪ壿

ܿͲҽƬ̣󳹵׳
ޣǺο࣬Զսڣɲ¡̫ܽںɽׯ֮ˣ˭岻ֻãҪޣɽׯֻޱȣβѡǣ
̾
ߵ걻Ѫ䣬ȫڳƿ֮С
ΪѪ䣬ðַѵ˼
Ȼ
ԣҲʼΪߴ㡣
䡪
ʱ﷢֣ռһɿµ𶯣ֱӽ顣
ಣ
ϳһץ
ָɫһ䡣
ļͣԶ
Ѫͨ壬֮壬þŲ֮ƣǣŤ
Ҫ֪ʩΪԶһ侳ߡ
ݣ
ɵͨȫ֣Ҳֻ·ֺۼ
ʱĻ֪߸Ŀ¡
ֱֻ࣡
ȻڵߣȻڵȴԼ
Ҳ˵ղƿġ
ɫһֻëûаֳ֮
Ҫ˵Ź֮Ǿֻһ˫ɫͫף͸¶а졣
Сӣһʼռ弫䷴УҲȥЩԶս֮˵⡭˵е˺ֻ壬ҲԶڵ㡣
ͷԻؿԣȻ
ʵѡ׼֮õ壬ҲǲѶΪ֮
꣬ղžͱľͨüɢûжʱȥұ塣
壬Ǻġ
ڵ壬Ǻһֻǣղչֺֻֻܲһ㡣
߶Լ˵ǺܲҲΪ⡣
ߵǱˣڱϾֻһëͷСӡ

ˣһ˫ɫͫף͵һɣСӣ㾹Ȼ˵ûһʶ
ⲻһֻҿͦǿģһֻɣ

߰ͷǲмˣǵһֻ

ͫһ
ȵ侳ǿߡ
ǿ侳ǿߣ
һΨһһ侳ǿߣɲµķᵬ
ǰ侳ǿߣҲֻ꣬ˡ
㡭˵˵ֻȷûЦ
ʡ
ߣ㿴̬ɡ
ŭһ·Ȼһ䡰һ䡰ڵ塣

﷢֣壬ڼ͡
ͬʱһɹɿµϢߣѹЩ
ٴ̧ͷʱɵˡ
ǰģһֻСɽСӴȮģޡ
ֻޣݣӲӵë͸¶ѰʸУվܴѹ
Ѫſһ˫˸˵ĺ⣬·ܴ͸һС
ʲôޣ
˿ĭŵˡ
һμôĹ
ޣ
ӴĹͷ߰Ȼ
զ࣬ðԵ֡
˵Ҳ˵侳ǿߣ
￪ѯʣһʱ䣬뵽ʲôĺ
ޡڻ֮Уܺˡ
ɲµķᵬҲǽͻƵ侳һ޵Ķ֡

Ӵ壬ֻܿСƹ
ֻСƹɨ˳һۣЦˣֻޣǰԲģôһֱڱѹƣټȻռ壬ȴûϤڵսҲֻܺһĵ侳һ߱⡣ȻӦ壬츳ͨȫҵϣ侳ߣҲܰˣ
ˣ
һͣ㲻ڴţɣ
СƹͷޱȣŲţҪҵ츳ͨȫڣעǼḶ́˵ҲҪʮꡣ
ʮꣿ

ʮ侳ߣҪ߰æҲʮˡ
ղ˵ܺһ侳һ߱⣬˵㲻ͨƾ֮Ƶ£
·Ҫȷʲô
šСƹͷ
Ҳˣǿ
һЦ뵽һ⣺ڼȻеѵܻγˣ
СƹѪͫһޣе࣬ͻƵ侳Ҳ޷ΡǬ½Уǰҵֻޣû˵ʲôطޣǬ½Ĵ󲿷߶ԣ޾Ǵ˵еĴڡ
ֻ򵥡
ͷ
Ȼ򵥡Сӣ˵һ飬Ҳ


259 ͨ
һڵ壬ﰵЦ
㲻˭
ռ޵壬Ҹȡְɡ˵
ҽޡСƹ̧ͷԳ˵
㲻ӣޣܲôңˣҿɲ٣ҡ㲻³ţҿɻ
ֱԵ
СƹҲԣĬˡ
֪˵ġ
˵ԺͽСơɡ
СƹۣȷСƹ֣ôɣ
ƣСƹԻüԣһʱַӦ
ˣͽˡƣ˵˵¡
￴Сƹ˵
ܿ죬СƹУҲ֪Щľ
ռԶսӵŻ꣬Ƭɱ֮
ЩʹɹʵӦе֪
ԣԶսơ¡
Զսдָ꣬ȫʢʱڣռ޵壬뿪Զսʱط֣Ȼ߷ԶսĴڡ
ֶζʱڣԶսơ¡
ơ¡û˱˴Զս֮˵ۣ֪֮󣬽һǿ߽Զս
ʱʼ˼Զսǿϡ
ߣǿߣлõ壬ѡһֻϣֻǡͨޡ
ڣȵǿߵĽ롣
ΪЩǿߣھˣöԶսƵƿأЩȫֿ
ɱ¾Ҳ֮ϯԶս
ΪԼѡ֮أҪͨŲҳ壬Ȼǿ꣬ռݡ
ԭõɲµԪ
˭֪Ĳ㣬һսʱ¶޳侳¡
϶壬壬ǰΪǿ׼Ϸ
£ﶼˡ
֮ǰļƻУҵ壬ռʣµôã
￴Сƹʡ
СƹȻȫɱˡ
һ˲䣬ֻоߣΪݽ棬ɱݡ
ڣЩңҺþͨʱѹߵꡣ
Ȼ롣
һ汻ռݣֻǸ磬ɣһ
ڱ㴫ͳȥˣ
͸ǰľϣܿСǰʵһˡ
硢ɺ˾ǡ
Щͬ飬һǣڵİΣ
СƹͷһЦЩ⡣
ƣ㵱ռԶսŻ꣬ĴƬʲôط
￴Сƹʡ
СƹԾܿ죬ڶһǣҳһöӲɣĽָ
ָ
ҽˡСƹ˵
ͷѪ󣬾ͷָ֣Ŀռ䣬Ƭѻ˸ҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ЩƬ˵Ҳǧö
ģ⾳Ƭ
ԸоԼĺЩ١
öָٶöƬ߰ٶö⾳ƬеԶսռĴƷԪʯСƹ˵
ͷܿ侲
ɹЩԶս֮˵Լüͷ
ɹ˵ЩˣõİƬҪϽųɡ
С߼⾳ƬҪϽһ롣
Ҳ˵ָƬ˵ҪϽһ롣
ﵱȻġ
Щ뿪Զս󣬱᪹϶ҪҵָָϢҽģ϶ܷ֡
һ￴Сƹƣҽöָ㱣ܣ˵̽ô
Сƹҡҡͷҵ꣬ͨĴݲУ侳ռͨ޵֮д˳˯ǵ侳Ϊ֮ˣҪȻ
⵹Щ鷳ˡ
ü
ôСƹʡ
ｫԼĵ˵˳˵ǽָԶսǳȥٷã취У
СͷҡͷУڵң꼫ԿԶսơ¡Ҫ뿪Ҳֻܸһ뿪ҪȻơ¡ԶսҲɡ
üоЩ֡
ָ᪹ܶ̽ͺˡ
ﰵ
ܿ죬һ
Ȼ䣬ϴеһ
Σ·Ϊһ壬ס߼ʵ֮УһյԺӣ·
ʱӻͨƵС
С
ҵľͨҲ˵Ǳ᪹ɲµᵬҲ̽鵽ҲھͨĶ
һ𲻾õľͨճ֡
ͨСƹһ˺һ漴뵽ʲôվǰСӣҲ壬Ľͨûá
ЦˣΪҪԸ㣿
֮䣬ﲻСƹĿתƵ֮ͨϡ
֣װŴƬָ
˼ŵʱξеһУ·ٴκΪһ塣
ܿ죬ͷ֣еָ˾ͨܽ˾ͨ
ɹˣ
ϲû뵽ĿС
̫롣
ʵ֤Ķˡ
⡭
СƹһĻ׾ˣȻʶ㣬ȴǵһμôصĽͨ
ͨ
ֱ졣
ƣ۴УҴͳȥ
￴Сƹ˵
Сƹҡҡͷ˵ˣڵ꼫޷Զսĸơ֮ǰĴУԶսĴõġơȫʢʱڣٿأȴС
ôȥ
ɵˣ߸󣬷·ʧȥͨ
һĴƣͨ档
Сƹһ۶ߺ棬˵
һʯţ֪ͨδ
ԶսڲԭϵС⣬ǿߣеվؿΧвȶ
ʱ˿̣ÿһ˸뿪С
֮ǰǴ󲿷˿ɶˣǽǰɹҪӣĪ
ǿɲԸصޡ
ﵽȥˣⶼȥˡ
ֽתɱü΢
㾹Ȼͻˣϲ
ʱԶ߿գһˬʵЦ
˵ע⡣
ĸǿߣҲ׷׻ع֮

ֽ˭̧ͷȥ
߿֮ϣƿӰ̤ն䣬һһ
һһ


260 ⼤ս
̤նһһȻǳ͡ơֻСƹյߡ
ףǲɹôг
ʱ䣬ɹ˵ˣ󣬺ûȴûбͳ
Ǵģѵ͵˱𴦣
пܡףôһֻ
ֻնУһֻʵ˲˼顣

ԭϵСǰǿߣע׷׻˳Сƹϡ
һһ˽㡣
ڳˡ
˾ӭȥЦ漴ֿߵСƹǣ
˹Ҹȡ˸֣ƣɣ
һЦ·ԼĽ⡣
ƣ
⻰ĸǿߣ׷ʯ
ɹĳһֻȡô֣
ֱ
˷ָ
ֻСƹȷʵûʲô
Сʱȥˣô
Ҳ˹ʡ
ϴβͻȻǺɫôұȥ󣬻عͷԼֵһİĵطƣôɱЩɱҾ˳־
Ц·һ㡣
ôģ
çʡ
ͶûͳƬԭǵ˲ԭıԵ֮أȻߣߡ˹ǧ֮⣬Ҿ͸Ӧһ˿ѰϢһ·˹Ҳͻˡ
Ļûаڳ֮ˣ˻ɡ
治ãǶֱӴͳ֮⣬ȴ͵ȥˡ
ֽҡͷ˵ֿߵСƹֻСƹͦرģȻһֻĲֻһԶսޡ
˵ǿֻڵĲõһö֮Ƭȥ󣬻ҪϽɹǿϧ
˵ţȡһö˸ŲѰ⻪Ƭ̾˿
Ƭ
һ˲䣬Χǿߣ׷׿¶ּʡ
Ȼʣȴṵ֮̂⡣
֮ߣ٣Щǿߣ಻Ȥ
Ψɽׯһһޣı֮Ƭʱ¶̰Ĺ⻪
ͣҪ
˫ͷԣվͷϵʷ͡
ģ뿪ٸȥᡭѾɱɹ١ٶɹ֮˵õİƬɹ¶ԣȡƬҪɾһЩ
ʷͻص
˫ͷԣųűϢ˫ͫף˵ͷ
СӣƲ¶ף㱻˶ˡ
ߣƵСƹЩֻ
һνģ
Ҳ㡣
˲ỳɵ˲Ѱ£ֻǴɱ͵𴦶ѡ
һɣⲻһЩ鷳
ղ˵õİƬĲõģ
̫ܽΪ׵ǰʳ
ͷǣǻһֻӴʱġ
Ĳ㡭ҲһΪô͵˵Ĳ㣿
ʡ
һʱ䣬̫ܽڵˣɲºɽׯˣҲһһ˹
ԪʷͣҲ⡣
˶ɻġ
Ƕûô
￴˳һۣۿҡͷֿЦʵǽǲͬΪһˣλߣֱӽ͵˵㣬˵һ͵ڶ㡣
ৣৣৣৣৣ

ﻰһ䣬̫ܽڡɲºɽׯˣɫ
ҲУ
ڣǵһЩˣ׷׿Ϊ׵Ԫʷ͡
ﶼڱԹΪ˲Ƚ
ǲ
ԳͷһЦ˳ߵСƹһۣкһ̫ܽڵ꽣ޣȻﶼܴȻΧɱӦòˡ뿪ɡ
һ£̫ܽڵ꽣޷׷׸ȥ
ɱ󣿡
һ
ɹûиǽӣҪ뿪û߳ԶͱΧɱɱˡ
͵
ͷߵСƹһۣƣǺݡ
ߣ˭ǲҵϷ򡣡
Сƹһνӡ
ܿ죬ԪҲɲµ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ֻʣ³һˣɽׯˡ
Ҳ߰ɡ
Գ硢˾һЦ˵
˶û
֮ǰû뿪һҪȳǼɵΧܴڵɱ
񣬼Ȼﶼˣɱ񲻸ڣȻûҪ
Լõһʱ䣬ʣµʱ䣬ܳԣԶսɱֿܣõƬ
ߣ
һʮˣһֻСƹ̤ն׼ȥ


һʮ˻û˲䣬ɽׯޣͽһΧס
ڡ
߲ơ
ɽׯһһˣԦű˫ͷԵʷͣӱߡ
ʷͣ
ֽɫһҪʲô
ʷЦˣС㣬ʷҪʲôѵ㿴ϧ绨˶վ˵أע档
ɽׯϣɱȻ
ûóһ˻뿪
ʷͣΪɽׯ޵ˣ㣬ɽׯӣç壡
çϣ֮𣬴ͨͨأڡ
̤ǰһ
ս
ɽͳϣսڣĿᶨ
ûпڣһŹһַڹϡ

ͨ۳Σұ£·ܶһеļƣڼͨϡ
ļ֮ͨ
ͻƵ侳ֽħһħ棬Χʱɽׯ֮˵ϡ


˾֣ḧŪţ֮ʡ
ɣվ֮У˿
Ϣȴз紵ݶǻһʱ֣һ
ڳ
һƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫĿ⣬ʷ͵ϣƶֺ
ʷͣɽׯһһô
Сƹڳ࣬һɢģ˯
ɽׯǱǿֻƳ·첻κӰ졣
𡪡
ȻʷͼԦı˫ͷԣֻߺ
䡭䡭
ž춯صֻѪ֮У³ɼ˵һһ
һֻѪУ³µı۳ɾ˵ı·ܽᡣ
һֻѪУ³ɭȻĻ۳ɺ˵Ļױǣ֮ﾡȼ
һһ𣬿µӳ
˺
ɶˣ֣ͨʣͨС
ӹһΪ֮ͨˮʡ
𣬳֣ͨ嫵ķƣ쫷磬β֮ϡ
䡪
β£ݺݵر˦ڻ֮ϣķѡ


261 ȫû
ߣ侳ôˣ˫ͷԣҵĻ飬ͷ
ʷ͵ڱ˫ͷϴ
˲䣬ͨΧ۳Σһһ
˫ͨ
ʷͣǱ˫ͨӵߡ
˫ͷԴͨҲ֣һֻףһͨ
±֮ϣͨ䡣
һֻ֮ϣͨ
ۿʷ;Ҫֱ˫ͷԣԸˡ
ɲǼ䣬ʷǲʲôͫһշӦԴ֮ϣѾһѪ
Ѫ֮ϣѪӿƬ̲ŻӿΪ
ʷΧ˫ͨɢһ˫ӣضԶһˡ

䣡
ʷ͵ʬ壬Ȼء

ɽׯʣµˣͿǲ˼һĻ
һɫɷס
ʷʦ֣Ȼˣ
ʷʦ֣ǵеǿߡ
һת۵ĹòףҪǣʼգǶ֪˭֡
𡪡
ʷһ˫ͷԳ׷裬µı˫ּͨ˵Хֱɺͳˡ
ɺͳ˶һۣһ١
ٴֳӰʱɢԭڵı˪˫ͷԣֻϿ
Ӵ壬Ȼ¡
ʷ͵ʬϡ
ɱ
ﱩһ·֮αس֡
ÿһλֶһɽׯӵûһ⡣
ʷͣķɵ֮ͨ£οЩˡ
Сƹվں棬ųӰɫͫףŲ죺ÿµͨͨͨµСͨҽлܼ֤һǿ𣡡
ƣŸʲôæ
ͻȻĴСƹߴ
ߣЩСҲҪ߳֡
Сƹţɧһƹ⣬Ӷ
ܿ죬ߵˣˡ
Ƿ֣ÿһǵս֣ǡôذתɽׯӵߣͺδ֪һ㡣
Сƹİ£ӦɽׯӺøӼ򵥡
һɽׯӾ˴롣
ߣֲñɱǣñ߸Щ档
Сƹ䲻⣬
뿪ԶսǿǹأԺǻ֣㼱ʲô
ûػСƹһ䣺Ҳ˵ˣڵʵҲͿȵ侳һߣǿ߷ʲô㻹ǿɶʡ͵ĵƣرǸɲµǿᵬ侳ǿߡ
һ侳һصļһȥЬ䣡
Ҳ˵ǹȥȣõ͵һ㡭ҪȻСҲ뿪Զս
СӣӲţ
СƹҲߣ׼ˡ
Ǹ֮ǰûýͨһٿ֮ǰƾ꣬׾پܴԶսơ¡
ڣ걾ͱĽͨήңټռ޵ܵ˼ơ
ԶսѾƿصˡ
ݣ
ﲻСƹ䣬ɵͨâȡɽׯһӵ
Զսɽׯ֮ˣȫ
һˣսֺ󣬾뿪ˡ
һ뿪һӰԶ¡
ŲԭСǰ߸ɽׯӺֻʬ塣
һſ׵Ķ̷ɮˣüͷԾ𣺡ɹΪ֮ˣ١ʣµľˣϼħ֮Ůֻɽׯһ˸𣬸һ˶Сǣǵǿ֮ˣ١ˣ
˭أ
ﻹ϶ϳɮˡ
ȥġԪ
ɲµᵬĹŵӡ
Զս֮⣬ɲ¡
¡¡
һĿͷ֮ۡУͻȻһµֱ
ɲµ죬һʱ谵
˫Ҫˣǰѵʮö飬ϵƣ£ϵسķơ
䣡
˫һ𣬸ղվ֮أķѣѷ죬ס
뿪ˡ
˳ת۾ͷɲ¡
ٶȣ£Ѱ֮ˣֺۼ
ɽׯӣͼѵãοеٮٮߡ
һΣɽׯһɫʮǰޱȡ
ΪʮɽׯǿߣΪɽׯȡϵȵƬ˭֪֮ǰ
ҲˣԶս֮ڣٲΣ

ܽܡ
Ȼգɽׯʣ߸ӣ
ɽׯһĵһˣʷͣҲ⡣
ȫˡ
ɽׯԣǰδеġ
ڣҪٶȣϢȥ֪ͨׯׯ
ɽׯׯʧ̬һνԶսɽׯӣʧС
ɲ£һƫƧķڣɮˣڶ֣һ˿˵
Զսգ⡭ʧ̬ҵĹƣʷͣ׶༪١
һ˷ӣء
ʷͣǿɽׯѵһţǱ˫ͨӵߣټԦı˫ͷԣ䲻ĵԪȴҲԱһ侳ߣԶսڣԪ˭ɱ
ꡭȥǻȥ֪ͨɽׯׯȥˣãɽׯׯ»٣ʱԪʷɱɲ£ҪһȷѪˡ
̤֮ѵɽׯׯɣ
ô˵˵ɽׯׯǵٶȼ죬侳£һٶܱȵ˵ٶȣ侳ǿߣģҲԸ׵
˿µٶȣѹӶݶȥɲ¶ԣһѡ
ˡ
ˣЩӦõĵģ塣
üˣˡ
ˡ

Զսãɽ֮С
һ޼ʵɽ룬ǹͺͺһƬ
гգȻòȥ
ȻԳΪ׵ɹһˣмħֽȴЦݡ
ʱţһ֮ڣֻʣһʱ䡣
һ·Ǵݻ˴ĿܣͨһЩܣҵһЩơ
ݻƺһ˲ֻõ˴ƬõһЩƷԪʯ
˵ջܴ
Сֻ״ģ
ĶߣͻȻ˸Ĵ
磬ôͻȻ
һ
СӣѵΪңһ·ǿʵϣһδջûֻӰӣ
紫˵
磬㡣
λص
ֻңΪûֻǾ֮Ҳûʶѡ
磬ЩºܸӣһʱҲ˵뿪Զսصٺ˵
ãЩ飬Ҫ˵ôֻ֪ܷʲôԶҵ׵ܵܣˡ


262 Ҵ֮
һ֮ڣڶ
Զս֮ڣǿߣ׷׻صһ޼ʵƽԭ֮ϡ
ƽԭһƬߣһƬԭ
ֻ֪ڸ֪ĸλá
ڣֻһѡ
ȡ
ǿߣԶս£ʱǵһʱֳܷںδ
ʱڻῪһ£ԼʱϹȥ뿪Զս
һۣ߰һǿߣʣࡣ
ˣеҡ
̫ܽڵˡ
һˣսԭûãۼ⣬ǰһˡ
һǰ̫ܽжʮ꽣޽Զս
񣬽ʣˡ
̫ܽڵһɫλ֮һġΪס
һξɹࡣ
ç˵
˭֪˵Ͳü
ʱçֽߣʱεС㣬û˼ҡ
ֽҡͷģû£ֻܹ̫̰ġ
ǰħӱв١
˭뵽ħӾȥߵ꣬ѣȫû
ʣºͳһһֽ
ħ֮Ů
ǰ̫ܽڵ꽣ޣնУ·
ܿ죬Ϊ׵ǲʲôסΣתͷԶ
ʣµĸ̫ܽڽޣҲ׷׻ͷ
ֻһۣǾͿɹһˣħֽڣһʮˡ
ɹУоԶս
Զս֮ˣɽׯ⣬ҲɹʧС
һ꽣̾
һۣɽׯʣޣЩԶս֮УʧСġ
뿪̫ܽڶûһˣɽׯˡ
ߣãϹèײӣΪһ֮ˣǾֱӴ͵㡭Ҫ֪ҽһ㣬ǺΣյġ
е꽣ޣż
Ҳʵһ֡
񵭵˵ǰ߶ʱ졣
Զɹһ˵ͷһЦк̫ܽһǰߡ
ãĻԭУȫʧ˷
Ǳȥ
кһһշһ
Сӣ̫ܽڵȥķȷġ
ʱСƹĴڳߴ
˵ˡﵭص
㻹Сƹһ
סûôɺϣ뱻˶ϣûǵ͵һ㡣
￴һСƹ˵
Сƹԣɫ˫ͫ˸Ĺ⻪
Զս֮⣬涵۹
ʱһ꣬ǿߣٴһá
ڹĴĮ֮ϣڿУ׼ԶսĴš
˵ǿߣɽׯׯߣֶˡ
һˣһòͨˡ
ü֮䣬мϣ£͸¶λߵϢ
һˣӰΡ
ϣ͸¶ΪµϢ
һˣһʼհһŹײˡ
վΧ·ʱ΢硣
Ƿ֮⾳һ̶ȣŻֵ
ʷ˵Ҳһʱûˡ
ɲ·ᵬòͨˡ
ǰϴκͷһȴٴμʱһ
˶ᵬͷһЦ˸п
ˣԾɽׯׯʷ
Ӱεˣ࣬һֻɽׯׯʷԦĵ
ڹײˣɽׯׯড
Ժʷɣһ֮ѵλҴԶսơ¡ɡ
ɲ·ᵬ̤նкĴ֮ˡ
ʱɹ᪣ħ̫ܽޱ׷׵ᵬߡ
ɽׯߣׯʷ̤նȡһǰᵬϵĶׯ
ɲ·ᵬѹ£ԶսĴű¶
ǿߣͬʱ֡
ص˵Ϣֶ£ڴơ¡֮ϡ
ʱ֡
Ӷ໥ײһ𣬿µһơ¡֮ϣһȱڡ
ɲ·ᵬٴγ֣׾ٽӲɣĴŴ򿪡
Զսٴα
һǰǿ߿ԶսҪǽС
ǿٴοԶսӭӽ֮˹
һǰ˾ʮ˺ʮֻ
Ҳ֪мܻų
һοͨԶս֮ţһ£һºδ֮ˣֻܺԶսһ֮
ʱ䣬Ȼš
ǿߣغ棬صȴš
ʮ֮һӰӳ
һԼĪʮߡˣ͸¶ȻĽƣ̫ܽڵĽޡ

󣬾վ̫ܽ콣ޱߣͬʱ˵ˡ
ޱͷ֪Ļˡ
񣬻ܣޱƿص콣ĵӣ˵Ļ飬
ʡҲˡ
񲹳˵
ʲô
ԭһƵޱĻʱɫ䡣
ˣ
ʣ̫ܽУϵõʦܵ״ӡ
ʦܱչأҲչ˺ʡ
ΪûʵĻ飬Բ֪һе֪鼤
ޱϣµĽƣһ֮ߵ͸·Ҫͱ졣

ʱ̫ܽҴˣҲˡ
ڣ̫ܽһˡ
һͿǾηĸޱ֪ʧ̬ԭ
̫ܽһεʧ̫ˡ
ʶˡ
ʺˣ˵̫ܽδϣһԶս֮Уʣһˡ
̫ܽڣˡ
ħ񣬿һ۳̫ܽڵӣĿ˸
״κˣŮֽš
ֻκ赺ֽĻ飬˵Ļ飬ûЯԲ֪˵
ŮȻӦò̫ࡣ
һ㣬ɹı᪹Ҳֻ˵Ļ顣
ֱ١͹
١ˣ󻹻š
᪹Ҳϣ
ڳ֮ˣ˵ȽϵģҲֻɲµķᵬԼɽׯׯˡ
ʱš
ֹա
ʦ𣡡
һӰԶսźӳһλ̷ɮˣɲ·ᵬ
ᵬĹŵӣԪ
ɲһһˡ
Ԫ棬ֳˣɮˣɲµӡ
ɲҵʮǿߣȫû
ʮҵǿߵɲȻ̫⡣
ԪΪףԶսʮɲµӣˣѾ㲻ˡ
ţ
ܿ죬Ԫɫһ䣬Ϊ֣һµϢͷֶ¡
ϢˣԶһײˡ


263 ɽׯǿ

ɽׯׯʷͶׯʱ
һµϢɲ·ᵬϺХ̼䣬ͽԪϵϢ顣
ײ꣬Ҳɽׯׯণһɫס
ߣ
ɲ·ᵬһߣԴԾ֮¡
ùɫһ
侳ǿߣ̫ˡ
Ԫ˹һۣɽׯׯУµ˵ݡ
ɽׯׯণ
գɽׯׯۣԪܲµԭ
£ɽׯˣѾ֪ǽԶսʮӺʮֻˡ
֮Զ֣Ϊɱɽׯӡ
Զս֮ˣ˿ҲֻԪɱʷ͡
ֹ˼ա
һӰ̴Զս
ǳһʮˡ
ԼŮɹУħüͷһ塣

һоˣԱ᪹
Ҳ
ãáá᪹¶ЦݣＸˣǸ̫ľϲ
أ᪹֣˳һа֮⣬ԭɹӣֻʣ¹һˡ
̾˿ӣ١ڣ
᪹ɫһ͸¶ֱ壺ǿ֪١ôģ
١ǱԶսɱͿɱֻˡ
١Ǳɱɹ
һҲˣ١ɹδϣ
ɽׯʷ͡
˵
ȷϣ᪹ü
ʷɱģɽׯʷ͵Ŀأ¾㵽Ҳֻ֮ܲ
Ȼɹ¡
ʷ׿ڳϣ֮ˣˡ
ֵ
᪹ͷŭڣ͵ʷ͵ɽׯ֮˳ɽׯҪ˵
˵ʲôȫˣ
ħŮֽĻɫһô£
ֽȥһһ˵
ߵꣿȻû
ͺ
һʱ䣬ɲ¶ᵬ̫ܽ콣ޱɹ᪹ɽׯׯ̲סɫ䡣
ߣǰġ
ߣǰǿߡ
ƣû뵽ͷôЩﶼɫ䡣
ŹֵߵСƹһۣ
ǣҲ˭ڻ˭Ҹ߽а壿
СƹĹͷ̧һ⡣
ˣڻһֻ
Сӣ˵һ飬߲ޣ
ǿߣֽܿУ֪йߵ¡
ߣ꣬
ת˲֮䣬ͽħʮȫɱ
û뵽߾Ȼš
ᵬ̾˿
ɽׯׯüͷ
ѵɽׯȫҲߵֶΣ
£ܿҲǿ֪Ī˴뿪¡
һУǿߣЩͷԡ
֪ڸʲô
һ¹ȥԶս޶
ɽׯһ
ԭΪҲʷͳ£ɽׯׯ٣û뵽ɽׯһȫû
ĴǿߣȻ
ѹֵɽׯׯȥôæ
ԭɽׯ˴¡
ɽׯӣͼѵãοһʧȥʮӢӡ
ʷš
λׯڰ
һʱ䣬ޱɽׯׯȰο
ɹɽׯׯҴĸǿߡ
ׯʷѯʣʸλʦֶһ뿪˭õʷͣ
һʱ䣬ɲµӣԾؿɹһǿߡ
Ƕǵãʱ̫֮ܽ뿪
Ȼɲ¡
ܿ죬ʷĿ⣬˳ɹӵϡ
ɨһ˵ΪΡ
ɹλʦֶʷͣʷʡ
ߣʷѶô
᪹֪١Ǳʷɱ֮󣬶ɽׯкܴ˿̣ױ
᪹ûж⡣
ʷ΢Ц˫䣬ȴ˸ֵĺ⡣
ʱʷ͡
վǰһʷׯ㲻ΪЩɱʷǰɣʮˣɽׯǿߣˣɹԶս֮еǿߡ١ʷɱˣɱʷͣ
ʷɱ١
ʷһڣȻѹо᪹ղŻд̡
ԭһжԭġ
ô˵ʱǺɽׯӷֿˣʷʡ
뿪ˡ
ͷ
ߣʷˣˣǿɾͲˡ
᪹һɨʷżַ̡
ʷͷ
ȵȡ
Ȼʱɽׯׯˡ
˳ղţ˵˱ͳҴ֮УΨһûг֣
Ȼˡ
ﰵ
Ͳµ˻¡
ͷ
ܸңʲô£ʡ
ˣ
᪹һϿµϢ𣺡ɽׯĪҪͱˣɹ˲ɣ
᪹Ҿһѣѵˣ
ϣһµϢ˿山᪹
ߣ
ɹʵӦʮλǿߣ׷̤ǰһ
ɽׯׯţš

ʱ͵Ϣ·ڳˡ
ɲ·ᵬݶ䣺λǶɲµĿˣ涵۹ᵬһЩӡ
ᵬϢֶ䣬˲佫ɹ֮˺ɽׯׯϢ
⣬侳ǿߵ
ǿ
ڴ󲿷ΪᵬʵеɵʱҲֳּɵ
ߣ侳һضѡ
Сƹڳߴ
侳һأһָҲѹ㡣
ɨСƹһۣﲻм
ƣΪǹȥ߲ɣ
ʦֶȻҪֺ֪ηɲ·ᵬ΢Ц
ᵬ΢Ц崺硣
ǳԴĵ׶ᵬУᱻᵬԻ
ᵬһɥĲ֮ˡ
ĸ޶ɱ֮ˣֱ
ᵬһۣףᵬ֮˵ʵҲԼ֪
Ȼô˵ˣȻ
˱᪹һĵ񣬳˵ʵҽҪ˵ģԶսҴĸλǿߣʲôܡ
˵̫ܽڵ꽣񣬵ͷ
šԪҲᵬͷ
ܿ죬ｫԶս˵Ƿһһ˵
Сƹ¡
ô˵Ǳ͵˱ĵط
˵ͷܿ죬Ŀ⣬˳ߵСƹϡ
µϢСƹ
Сƹ̧ͷԳڳĿ¶ɫʱСƹ͵һ
ԴĵףԳϢеη塣


264 һ侳
ţ
üΪԼˡ
һֻе죬ƽǵһμ
һҰ޶磬˵ޡ
ֻȻ
ô˵ֻԶս淢ֵģԭԶսĴڣ
ʡ
ǡ
ͷ
ﰵʹһ
Сӣһֻ棬㾹ñǰʵߵϣ
ʱĶߣСƹ
ҪȻһӮˣǸΣ
ﴫص
Сƹԣʱˡ
ȫʢʱڣֻһָֻͿѹ
ڣֻǱѹ
𣿡
һЦֻҺܸȤøңΣ
һʲôЦׯǸˣֻȻҵʱ䲻ôͬѣ罫ԼĻ飬ˡѴ
ôھܾң
ɫһµ⾳֮
Ƴ
ɲǼ䣬ɫɷףҧׯʲô˼ǿ᣿

ɹ᪹ɫһµ⾳֮Х⾳֮飺̫֣ɹӣ飬ɽׯ
ҽһҪõֻأ
˫һâ˸
ʼվãֻƺЩͬҪȥоо
ʱɽׯׯʷׯণҲ˳ߡ
ʷĿһ᪹һֻһɹҪȥҲûʲôã˳飬͸ɽׯʷ飬Σ
У˸Ҳڱ᪵ϣ᪣ĻʶȤһ㡣

᪹Цôɽׯգɹɣ
ҪҪƤ
ɽׯҪСƹҪ̤ɹϡ
̡᪹
ɹʵӦʮɹǿߣƳ
ɽׯǿׯȻУҲҪһƴ
Ϊɹ϶ս
ô᪣ѲΪЩҷֵ˵Ķ֣
ЦˣһЦ
ǲĶ֣Ǽأ
ʱԶʣһĮ
ͬʱ֮Уɢ
Ī۳Σ̶£۵£ת֮䣬ͻһΪӴӡ
ǡ
ǰϤһĻóﲻɴ󾪡
ǵһμֻӴӡ
¡¡
һ£ʯ쾪ռҪǿѿһ졣
µһƣѹͱ˵ĳ
϶
磡
ɽׯׯʷׯণɫ䣬⾳֮
µӭȥ
Ҫõ֮Ȼȴ֣µϢסˣ
ͫһ졭
û˵꣬ӴӡȻ£ʷ͹঵Ĺ飬˳ϣĩ
ֻһӡ¡
һֻǿĵڻĵֱӱɱ
϶
磡
ʷ͹঵У
ʱ֮Уֻʣ˵ıྪʣ֮ˣһ˼飬ղŵǵ֮
ԶһӰ̤ն䡣
һλˣɷǣ׷ͯա
ĺ׷ͯգϵƤӤһ㣬ָơ
ѩ׵ͷԵø롣
һ侳
СƹĴڳߴ
侳ǿߣ
̲סһ
ղλ˵ĳ֣Ϥ
ɹڶֺĵѡνǺϻڵ桰Ҫȡ
γһӴӡ˲佫ɱ
ʱΪɹĵ侳ǿ֣߳ɱ
˭뵽λ֮ˣ侳ǿߣ
ڤ㡭㾹š
׷ͯյ˳֣ɽׯׯʷ·һ㡣
ʷ֮£ֻɹ֮β룬ɽׯѵûΣգⷢӣͱˣ̤ɹϣЩô
Ϊڤˣʷ˵
ߣ
ʷһ˫Ŀ죬Ѫĳޡ
Թ۵ĳȻ
տʼۿɽׯׯǰǿƣ·һҪСƹߣΪǿСƹĵϸ
һʯ
񣬷ڤ˵ĳ֣ټ˵һóȫס
ɽׯɹìܡ
Сƹ£ֻһߡ
ڤɱҶ磬ݡ¡ҹġ
У˸ɭȻĹ⻪ˡ
һ㶼λ侳ǿһ㡣
ߣ
ʷڣһ⣬Ӷȥûɲ·ᵬλ
˻
һ˲ʧԭء
̼䣬ȥԿ˲乤򣬹Ѿ׷ʷߡ
ÿµٶȣ
ͫһɽׯׯٶ֮죬š
ǵԶ֡
ĶߣСƹĴ
Сƹߣʶ㣬һ۾Ϳɽׯׯ঵ĵϸ

档
ǽֻȻֻǵٶȣԺ侳ͽ߱⡭û´ɹ侳ߣ֮ûɽׯ˳֣ҲǼɵֻ
Сƹ߸ʶ㣺Ҫӣɹɲµ侳ߣҲԽ¡ð壬Ҳ޷Զ֣
ô£
ɵ
סɽׯλড

ڤ
ɲ·ᵬʱӹּɵ
Ҳû뵽ɹӦȥϼһȻ䡣
ֻˣҲͻƵ侳ˡ
һˣ֮󣬵ʵˡ
ᵬҾ֪ɾͲִͣţκ˺աڿˡ
˿ᵬЦ
ڤˡᵬǫ
ȻˣǾȸˡ
˶ᵬһͷն𣺡᪡
ǣʦ塣
᪹ԣæˣߣɹ
ۿ᪹ɹǿնȥһˣæȥ
ʦ壿
ЩȣΪڤˣǱ᪹ʦ壡

ͻȻߣֽĴпգһȥġ
һЦڡ
ۿһԶȥֽǣ¶ǳǳЦݡ
ܿ죬ղŷ£̲ס𺳣ߵ񣺡ףɹλǿǡ
ɹһû뵽ţͻƵ侳˵ڵһս֡
Ŀ⸴ӣ̾Ȼ
û뵽ɹҲ侳ǿߡ
ֽȡ
ɹص̫ˡ
̫ܽӪ콣ޱĿ˸
ɽׯׯণׯʵôҿٶȣֲ˹
ʡ
սȷʵٶȡɲµķᵬǸղɹλһܱȵ
ޱиּɵ


265 ض
ʲô
ޱĻһţλ侳ǿߣٶȶ
ޱͷڻٶȣϵڶ˸ҳƵһ
ԣһ
ԶսջΣ
ޱʡ
ǼˣһöƬ⾳ƬȽ϶࣬ʲôΣ
˵
öƬôҲˡ
ޱ˫һ̫ܽһθĴۣʵ̫ˡ
ڣֻϣöƬʺ̫ܽǿߵġ
һʺǵģ̫ܽڣڲõĽҲ侳ǿߡ
ɲºɹ̳侳ǿߡ
ɽׯȻû侳ǿߣׯ঵ٶȰ˸ĶɽׯΡ
ǰɹķڤǿƶҲ̫֡
ֻǽԲѷĶׯɱ
ĶɽׯΡ
Ȼһ룬Իٶȣɱɹ֮
ʱɹؽͿ̿
ڤǶɹҪΪɹǡ
ˡ
ħɲ·ᵬһкն𣬴ֽħǿȥ
һΣħԶսĶʮǿߣֻʣŮš
ң̾Ȼ
ҵǣŮû£ҪȻھȪ֮¡Ҳԭ
̾Ȼǡǳɫĵκ赣ʮ˸ħĳɫӣûˡ
ɹһ𴳵ԶսջӦò󣿡
ֽɹһˡõ棬ͷ϶ɹ
Ůòٺô
סǶչңһˣһҲ͵õʮöƬȻȴҾö
ֽЦ
ʲôö
Ŀһ̲סһ
Ƭÿһöһλǿ侳ǿߡ
ڣŮΪħ˾öƬ
ǳﵹǺչ㡣
ôƬֲħεʧֽ¶Цݡ
ֽԣҲ֪ʲô˫ϣֳֺ
֮ԸֽöƬ
ʵҲǳġ
ʮöƬպɹԼֻܵһɣֻһö
ʮöƬҲһö
ԣöﵹҲһ˳ˮ飬ֽ
ֽΪħôİƬǴһټǼħԺǰ;
öƬֽһ֮
ߵøԶ
ɹˣ˳硢ɺ˾磬һ·ͳꡣ
ںѰҿܣɱܵĹУＸȹÿ˵
˵ûгˡ
˵ǵõ⾳Ƭ
ԣǶûκľöƬǲֽҲûݡ
ҪϽɹ
һоˣҲ͹ԭɹӣ˶ǰ·ңɹҲûʲôС
ջΣ
һоˣɹǿߵնС
ʱ᪹յ˳ߣʡ
óɹһоˣԶԳΪס
ʵҲ֪ܹ١ġ
ҲһõʮöƬֻǣһ֮롣
˵
ʮöƬ
Ŀһǰķڤɹ侳ǿߣҲع˳ǰ
СһʲôҪ󣿡ڤʡ
ɹǵԼʮöƬǿɵһöԣѡһöȴ֪λԸ׼ʡ
˷֮Ƭǿѡһöڤ˵
֮壬㷺İ塣
Ƿڤ侳ǿߣȴҲƾ̤֮侳
֮ĸҲоط֮⾳
ʺķ֮Ƭķ֮⾳һɱɡ֮塱
ٶȣõʱ
ټɵɽׯׯড
л
æл
һˣʱʱ䡣ȥҲ໨¡
صɹһˣָģָɱ᪹ȷû˽Ƭ
ȷʵʮöƬ
һ֮󣬱᪹˵ͷ
ҪöƬ
ڤʡ
ҪذƬ
˵
ذ壿֪ǵУҲçǴ֮ơ
᪹Щȡ
׼ç
ͷ

çЩ£֪ʮöƬ棬ʺɵĻ֮ƬʺϳĽ֮Ƭ
ڣѡ˴ذƬҪ
ȻҲȴ
ϲ̫ͻȻ
ŬǧöƬɲóçļЦ
ġ
çæͷһᶨ
ллλçֿˣһм
лĻͲ˵ˣԺȥ̤ҪǺúðһ
Ц
û⡣çظ֤
ǴذƬ
᪹ʮöƬУΨһһöذƬȡݸç
çӹȥͬʱֶʼ
ġ
ʱƬҲ׷ˡ
⾳Ƭӵͼ߼һ˻ٶõʺԼġ
Ҳض顣
ȻûõƬҲ㲻ˡ
ͻȻ׷ͯյķڤ᪣Ҳ֪˵ʲô̶̤ն֮С
иϢҪǡ
᪹һˣЦղţʦÿ˶ھĿһꡣԣ뿪ɹǸڵ֮ǰǿѡ
Ŀߣһꣿ
һԣǴϲ
Ŀߵκ߶
ֻҲȥѡһУ
￴һ߻˯Сƹֿ᪣ʡ
Сƹ̧ͷ˳һۣСӣģû˱ߡ
ԡ
᪵ͷֿԱߵʵӦӦǹȥ
ǣ
ӦͷĽؿ˳һһۡ
ʵƽʱĿÿһ꣬Ҳֻꡣ
ֱӿһ꣬Ǻܺġ
Ψжɹ֮ˣܵõĺô
ˣһֻСƹӦĿߵڶȥ
û뵽һνԶսѡγʮˣʣǰˡ
·ϣӦ˳һۣҡͷһ̾
ҶѡЦ
ң
ӦҡͷȻš
һܻٲ˳Ĺ͡
ʵɹԭĵһһˡ١Ҫǿ
١һɹδɶˣúŬ
Ӧ˵
һоˣ䲻ȹɫ֮ˣȻˣǸ֮ˣһֱɹ
˷ģһġ
ԣæͷ


266 
ʱţ׾Թ϶
ָһꡣ
ĿУ·õһ㣬һʮӳһ
ǳ
йʦ֣

ʱĿڵɹĵӣ׷˹
ͻˣ
¶ֲ졣
㻹ҲͻˣɿЦ
ͻƵ侳ء
ɣֻ˵ң㡢硢˾Ҳͻˣ
Ц
ĿߵɹõģһھĿһ꣬ٶ˽
һоˣç侳أÿ˶һΡ
ç㲻͵˰ɣ
Ц
ҲͻƵ侳ء
һһ㣬ӦòöãͻơçҲЩƣŸ˵Уûͻơ
çͻƣɸһս
ɽçЦ
ͻƵ侳غɽ
һ㲻ɣçһۣͺһ

ɽЦһ˾룬Ӷ
ʣµĳ˶һۣЦ˵һԡ

̼䣬ɽͷһӴصɽӰ۳Σƺ嫡
ɽͨ
ɽͨ
ɽ

ΧΧɹĵӣϳɽ
ɽǰɹĵѡϣʣɹˡ

ç̤ÿһ̤ϣɫ𽥵۶
Ǵͨ
ɽһʤΣ
çĿߣǴɽһӲӲ
д⣡
ɽЦһɽ֮ͨС
䡪
Ӵɽͨçµ˺һ֮ƣɽͨ·ѹһС
ȣçɫأ̤ǰһͺһ
Χһɫ֣֮ç·ڡ
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ͻȻһƳɫ⣬ʼç
ܿ죬çһˣУһ޴
ͨ
һçڻͨǿͨ
ͨɱ䣬˵˵󣬻ˣռΪµ
ǰûçùͨصÿ
ˣҲһ
ڲأһ꣬ž˿ͨ
Ŀһ˵
䣡
ʱͨçž޴Դ֮֮ͨݺɽɽͨ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ç䣬·֪ƣһ㡣
ÿһо޴ɽɽͨ͹˼֡
ͣ
ۿɽɽͨãҪç飬ɽ
ܿ죬ɽͨɢȥɫ԰׵ɽǰ
çһȥҴ򣬾˽ˣɽһۣç
çʩչͨҲһ
çҪ񼸷ֻ֣ǴͨҲˣçͨǶ֡
ٺ١
ç޴壬ܿСٺһЦҿû˽ҵĿͨǰžѡ
ǰ
ɽһۣһˣѵڶͨ
Ǭ½ߣһ츳ͨ
츳ߣ滹лѵڶͨɾ˫ͨӵߡ
Ȼһ˵Ǭ½˫ͨӵߣųϣڶͨڶʮǰѡ
ܶ˶϶һ㡣
ʮǰûܾѵڶͨպ̫ܾѡ
Ȼ޾ԡ
ֵţڼ̨ϣһ򣬾ѵڶͨ
ǰçҲһ
ô˵ҿɲΪڼңçЦ
çҾҲõ̤ˣͿˡ
Ц
԰ֻǣɹ֮УͣçҲ⣬Цʡ
ڹǲУ⹬԰
Цˡ
⹬Ļһˣ͸¶ֺ档
Ȼ֪⹬ĴڣҲ֪ɹ׵㹺֮أȴûؽС
ߣúçһ١
Ц
һûȥ⹬ȥʶһ¡ͷ
ǾߡҲЦˡ
һˣ뿪˾Ŀߣ뿪ڹ
ڹĴ£⹬һɽϡ
ɽϣ½½ԿһЩ߷ɽɳò֡
󡣡
ܿ죬ڹ󣬳һһɫĽ֮ǰ
һҾ¥
𣿺ôĿ
çЩȡ
ǲǴ֪ˡЦ
һ߽Сˣϵù󣺡ʦ֡
һˣھ¥λã¡
Сţͣȥס
󿪿ڶС˵
ףСЩ¡
˻ôϽȥĴүҸ˲ɣçü˵
Сֿ˹һۣۿͷæתȥ
ʲôҿɸ㣬ðٻŪң̤ȻȲٻ𣬿ҵīʯ۹ɺȹ١çԹ˵
ٻ𣿡
мһЦ󣬰ٻһİ׿ˮ졣
Ļڣ˶һ
ܿ죬С˻ˣ˻ϣžֻףʮ߸СƱ
ֻףΪ֡
һ֣Ƶľףϵ񣬾Ө͸û˿ʣǼֵơ
һ֣ǺƵľףΪ⣬ԾǧǷ
һ֣ľƵľףϵľһξ룬Ʈһ㡣
⣬ʮ߸СƱҲΪ֣־һ졣
Է֣ڵƿͣĿ⣬¶ʣߣиֳ̰֮ɫ
𣬲򵥣Ҽֵơ
ﰵçΣҪѪˡ
С˽Ʒ£ȥ
㲻Ǳƭ˰ɣЩνһζûС
çü
Ҳ˵վֱΪˣһƾġ𡱡
ΪѡľƱƾƱ
𣬻ûȣֻɫƾƱˮ齻ڣĿ
˾޵
þơ
ˣǰеҲ̲סڡ
ˣûȣͽν޵ȥˡҿνһζûУ϶զġ
ç֮䣬ǰһھͽеȥ
ţĵ
󿴵һĻüҡͷ
䣡
ͻȻ˾ͷ֣çǱʱɫɲǼǺ죬ء
ÿһ·һ㡣
çû°ɣü
ûû¡ð죬çŻعƾף͵ľͷҵƺõ˼оһ£ͻˡ
çĻ׹˳Ｘ˵ĺġ
񱭣һڡ
ɲǼ䣬ֻоһƻԺڡ
ƽһ̣·ܵǣԾ
ͻƺ㲻˼֡
ç˵һ㡣


267 ļֵ
֮֮
һ̲ס޵
ˣ׷׵ͷΪȻ
ʲôƣʹ
һΣɣЦ£ԼҲƷζ
þơ
ɺͳ缸ˣܿͽеһꡣ
һྡྷ
ಣ
ʱһѸޱȵӰӹ
ǰһܿͷ֣Ӱص˳ߣһһţĵʹ
ȣɫһ䡣
ֻǣ˵ˣһԷͽһˡ
ֻ
ۿߵСƹһһ󣬺һ㷴ӦûУסˡ
һһ𣬰˵ͱˣ
СƹһۣʶСƹĲ򵥡
ֹһô򵥡
Ǭ½УΪֶΣֻ߲һ
þơ
СƹδֻһѸޱȵӰƾ׺ľƾ׶ȡһףţĵʹ
ܿ죬Ҳȥˡ
ʱСƹ˸ãԣþƣСӣҪ˯
˵꣬Сƹ̱ڳߣ˵˯˯

󳹵ˣһĵ¶ɣ
Χľƿͣ׷ʵ
һȻ
ܼңЩ̫ܼˣ
𣬾һֻˡ
ǣҲûȹ
һʱ䣬ǸоԼˡ
ߣ˷ͷ
ǸߵĹͺˡ
ϧˣ𣬾ôˣǸԵһݣˡ
̾˿·Щϧ
ߣ󣬱ôСһֲ룬롭ˣǸɶСôʲôٸүҸһס
ç̧ͷкԶСˡ
Сԣһ飬ЩСûˡ
𣬿ǼֵƵġ
ڿͷȥþˡ
ʶʶġ
һ˳һ˵ӡ
ΧļĿ⣬
һоˣеһ𶼽֮ڵһżĿϡ
ʱƵľףΪ˾ơ
һõģ
Ǻһڼ𡣡
ܵ
һںֻоԺʼ·𶼱ˮᡣ
һľûгʧڼϺ𣬼ֱǱ졣
ֻǣɲͬ£﷢֣ǲȶȶ
˵Ժͳһ㡣
͡
ç˿
һ˽Ҳ󣬹Ϊ˵һ𣺡ǡ𡯣

һ
ֻ˵ٻ𣬻ǵһ˵
󣬰ٻ𣬾˵һֲͬĻɡ𣬲һֲͬĻɵİɣ
ﾪ
һֲͬĻ⣬ֻһڣҲҵһֲͬĻ
ȻһֲͬĻ˵ǵ۹Ҳһҵõô֡
ҵҪѵҲǼµġ

ͷóһˣ̲סһ
ɣ֮֮ס
Ц˵ţԼƷζ
һˣױ˺ģ׷ľ
һֻɵľơ
ֻ룬;˲˼顣
źģľһڣֻоһĸо˲ϯԼĿࡣ
һıҺͺļ䲻ͬ𣬸ƫڡӹ
һ𣬾ͻȥ
ܿ죬ڵı죬룬󳹵׳š
ͺľеۻʣѹںһһͺһ㡣
һһڣ̲ܿסľ𶼺ȥ
˾Ⱳӣǵһκôõľơʵ
˾̾
þơ̲ס޵
Ҹоڵȹˡ˼
Ҳһͷ
ȡ󡣡
ͻȻç˹һۣ·Щɡ
ôɻ
𣬸סҪѶٹ׵㣿ҵҵĹ׵㲻
ȻһΪɹ˴󹦣ɹ˲ٵĹ׵㡣
ʶĲçЩ顣
󣬲չ׵㣬ֻԪʯ
Ц
Ԫʯçԣʱ˿
Ԫʯвٵġ
һоˣһҲ͵˷ֱʱ̡
ˡ
çС˽еǰԪʯ
С˵ˣһ𡢺ףһʮƷԪʯ
ʮƷԪʯ
Ȼоϣ𣬲ˡ
ҲûȻֵʮƷԪʯ
Ҫ֪һöʵĵҲֻҪʮöƷԪʯ
ɶ
çɵˣʮƷԪʯ㵱ɵ
Сһ˿м˵ˣһһ𡢺𣬶ǶʮöƷԪʯ׼һ𣬾һʮöƷԪʯһʮöƷԪʯһ𣬶ƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯ
ۿç·˵ʲô˵çۡ
ﻹʮöƷԪʯ
ָ棬ȡеƷԪʯ
çü˵͵ġ
ﵭһЦһѵ׼üƷԪʯˣ
çĬˡ
жʮö
ʮö
ʮö

һоóƷԪʯҲֻжʮö
˾ʮö
çһʹȡһöƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯ
ԭۿ˰çˣС˿çĿ⻹Щġ
ڣçȻȡһöƷԪʯС˳״סˡ
һУڶμƷԪʯ
һΣϰϼƷԪʯʱ򣬸ġ
ڻ򣬼ƷԪʯǼΪϡĶ
ȻۣһöƷԪʯֵһöƷԪʯ
ȻƷԪʯڻеļ۸񣬳ƷԪʯֹ
ϾüƷԪʯ൱ҵһѵĵط
СҲꡣ
çĵһüƷԪʯ֮ˡ
һʱ䣬çĲмȻ޴档
ô֪
ڣçʹ
Զսʱһˣõ˲ٵļƷԪʯɹҲûϽ
һ˷ÿҲ͵õʮһöƷԪʯ
⼫ƷԪʯõһöһö
ˣɡ
̧֣׼ȡһöƷԪʯʣµˡ
ȴçֹˡ
Ѿˡ
ҺȵÿľСç˺Ц
һνӡ
çͻȻеˣҪҺһ𣿡ɽç˵

çԣһ飬۵

һˣ̲סЦ
ˣ޲ɢ֮ϯҪ뿪ɹҲҪȥˡ
վ΢Ц˵


268 ޲ɢ֮ϯ
ȥ󣬳һҲ뿪
ǰŸߣڣ½½߳ʮӰ
ʮöƷԪʯǾܸ
һöƷԪʯЩˣֱͣ˼ʡ
ϴ󣬸ˣ
ǺɹĵߵúܽϴҪɣ
ߵýΣˣ

һ˸ոն𣬳ͷʮβ͡
Ҳ⡣
һˣܿ뿪ɹ⹬
˾ֱӻȥǸǻ
￴˾磬Цʵ
˾˵УƺҲûʲô
һһ
Ҹǻȥɣÿɺͳд裬ҲԲԼĶ̴õΪ
˾Ц
ţҲдд衣ͷ
С˰ɡ
˾ѵ÷˷ۣҡͷ
ԽǶԳ˽⣬ͷֳʵԽɲ⡣
ԶսУ֣ﻹ
Ȼ侳ߣֻ侳ߣò˵ϳû˿ա
˾Ļʱ˶ˡ
ɽأ׼īʯʥԺ
Цʡ
ɽԣ˵ͷ׼ʥԺޣպʱ̤˵侳뿪򣬵ȥ
˵ʱڳﻹмֲ
Զսһ·ξͽԳĲ֮Ժ
Ͼͳ֮䣬ûֱӵìܡ
ɽ뷨ǺҲıϣ˵ʱǿԽ顣
çһЦ˵
һЦ
һ١
أ
çＸˡ
ǣ
ԣ̲סһһ۳硢ɺ˾磺Ҳ֪ʱһû㡣
ĸ׶ûδס
Ȼ뿪
֮ܵòˣɶ뿪򣬵ȥ
磬һ·ա
Ȼ׷ľֹն£һϣעʲôɾ͡
ҪߵԶͱг˵
Ǵ뿪һһ𡣡
˾Ц
ͳＸˣʶ˽֪꣬͸ٹ̡
ǵĿˣˡ
ͻȻó˳硢˾ļˣ׷׾
ǵʵ΢ѷɫڳˣ
һ·ϣҲûʲôס


һѸޱȵӰһ磬˳Ｘˡ
ʮˣＸΧס
ɨܿͲ˵ʵ
һ侳أ侳أ֮ˣ侳ġصߡ
ʮˣһҲϵ̨
ڡ
ʲôˣçüʵ
ʲôˣ
Ϊ֮ˣһߣ̲סЦˣȻҪˡ
çԣɫʱһ
ʱǲʲôͻȻ̧ͷߵλǰǿԽͲҪ鷳λǰˡ
ţ
Ϊɫ䣬߿գ÷һƽʱ磬ЦСӣѲΪǾͻϵ㣬ӳʱ㻹û̥ء
߿ڹŪ顣
𣿡
ЦˣЩ꣬Ļȥˡһͣ侳أⱲӣҲˡ
һʮˣĻ̲סɫ䡣
ʮһˡ
˲䣬ʮɫҰס
һ·Ϊ˱ݾߣȥ̽һˡ
ڣǲŷ֣Լߵˡ
һȺˣģҲͽʮꡣ
ǱΪԷӡ
˭֪
ӣ
Ϊ߱һ·֮𣬶ʮһˣߡ
Ȼӵõ

˾֣һҷֱӶߵ塣
ߵʬ壬׹£ݺݵˤڲãĴĮ֮С
ӣ
ֿӣ

ۿһɢʣµʮһˣŲ·Ӵܡ
ֻǣڳһ£ӵˡ
Ƭ̹ʮһ˾
ʵҲԸǡ
çмһ׹µʬ壬漴һʲô
䣬׷ʮһʬ塣
ܿ죬ͻˡ
ջΣЦʡ
׵ؼ似ƷԪʯһٶöЦ
һٶöƷԪʯçĿ
ģٲǵġЦ׼ʮʬϵƷԪʯ
ǷݾͲҪˡ
ҡͷ˵
硢ɺ˾ˣҲҡͷʾҪָǡ
ʱçҲ˼ҪҲҪˡ
ЦˣҾͲˡ
ԶսʮöƷԪʯںУ൱ڽöƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯ˵Ҳˡ
λڡ
ܿ죬ֵ˷ֱʱ̣кһ̤Զȥ
شȥˡ
īʯ۹۶ɽҲ뿪
һʱ䣬ֻʣ³һˡ
ܿ죬һˣʧǡ
ʮâ
âУҡͺֵܣۿһܲѡ
˵Ҳûˡ
âûʲô°ɣ
ۿâ˶ƽЦʡ
춴ٶչˣ¶ѡ
Цʲôʱʶ춴ٶÿʱ򣬶㣬ȴһֱû
춴ٶȻ
˵궼չ˾âǣ𵭵Цݡ
λӦò˰ɣ
ʵ
ۿҡͷҵ˷׷¶Ȼ
ھâӣȻݣɳڣȴʧȥĹһ㡣
һ뿪һһ뿪
Ц
Ļҡͺֵܵˣʱܲѡ
ʵ뿪Զս˴㡣
õ߶ղأԪʯѾȱ
ղصԪʯƷԪʯǧöƷԪʯֻǴԴһ󣬷ִ
ƷԪʯƷԪʯǺ١
ԭǴþâˣ￪ԪʯΪʱ
ڿȫûҪˡ
罫Щˣȫȥǰ뼫ţΪŵӡ
ǵļ룬ʱ䣬̡
һҺͳһڣȥʦ
缸˵һ͸ųڡ
ɵǣ֪ʦѪڱչأҲֻ֮ܲ
뿪ڣﵽ춴
ɣ춴
һȥɾꡣ
Ц
ϴγһ˾ָȥ
ǰʱҴң֪͹ȥˡҲ̲סһ̾
ܿ죬ֳһ侳ءһ
λӦþǳСѰɣ
һӰϢ֡
óֻоһ
̧ͷȥһλˣһͷҰ׳Ͱס
ס

Ļ֪Էݣæһ


269 ɶ
졣
ʮһ춴
ﻹʮΪԼƿصĶʱ֮ԣ׹
գԼˡ

ˬһЦСѣҶѣҶˣҲ춴ĶˣԺĪ˼⣬һˡ
΢΢һЦ
ãá
˵ãһ̧֣ƾճһöתĳɫӣҩȴֲǵҩ
ȵҩҪɭȻϢ
һöڵҵżȻ֮ã㵱ɡ
Ц
ڵ
һ
֪Ѱ侳ĵͼޣڻ޺ˡ
޺ȴǶû޺ˡ
ǿ󣬿ڵ
ڵ۵ľΪ
˵ߣܵõڵ°빦
ڵ͸ˡ
ź嫵ĵ֮
̫ˡҡ
ܾͻȻһǰһĻĿɿڴ
ֻһֱſ˯СƹʱͻȻתֻˣСƹֱܳӽڵߣһ¡
ڵ
ʱСƹĿԣ˵
ˣ츸һȻ
ֻɫСע⵽ˣֻΪǳĳ
˿̣ǲʶ
ֻСһֻ
ر죬СĿ⣬˼ɵ
˲֪Сղŵٶж죬ΪˣӦСͽڵˡ
ƣ
ͺȣüͷһ塣
ʲôǽöڵ͸ôҲ˵öڵģģҵģ
Сͷؿ˳һۣԾſڳļϣֳ˯˹ȥ
ֻû¹һ㡣
У̲סһ顣
ֻһֻͨɣԼὫˣһ١
ǡ
Ŀɿڴ
һֻСƣƤĺܡ
ǸȻһЦʧˣĵڵ
޷˵öԣöڵѾˡ
һЦʱСƹĿУ¶ּɵ
ţ츸Ӷˣһᣬ׼뿪
ĹУҲ˼־η
һλѧŵĳߡ
һλǿʦ
ûãʮڶϢϢﻹš
ѪֶΣҲ̲ס𺳡
պпգǵó
츸ӽ͵˶ڣЦ
һ
ͷ̤ն뿪춴
춴ڣһ춴ӣĿɿڴ
ˣʲôˣ˶
츸תȥ治򵥣ʮһĬĬŵСһ侳ߡʱ䡣ٸôʱ䣬ʮǰ̤侳ԣ¡
ʮǰ̤侳
û뵽׶Գôߡ
ȷʵ򵥣ߵֻСҲܲ򵥣ȫֻһֻһ
˵
һ
ҡͷֻСޣһҹƣӦһֻ
ʲô
ͫһԸ׵˽⣬ףûаյ£׾޵ķʸ
Ҳ˵ֻСһֻؼ
뿪һЩˣâԺ󣬾âпɳԪʯȫţÿһʱ䣬Ԫʯ
Ƭ̣˵
ǣס
Ȼ׸˼Ҫͳﱣϵ
Գ츳պǻеĴ
Ȼ֪츸ӵĴ㣬˾â󣬾ʹžâһ뿪ˡ
ɡ硢˾çҲ׷׶
ΪҪչ˾â侳ӣһ˻һ£ŵīʯ۹ı߾
磬ɣ˾Ǿڴ˷ֿɣпһȥǡ
ç˵
ȥɡ
˵ͷһЦ
ۿç뿪ʧԶߣ˻عžâӼ·
ȻƼҪɶ
ﻹó˻ȥԼһˣâӶ͵˼š

˵״ţæ
ţڵΪԶһˡ
﷢֡಻ţһΪѾ̤侳ء
˫ͨӵߡ
ҵĵҩԪʯţһЦ
ߣҴȥһط
￴ţåһֶۣԷ˵ףҲһҪȥ졣
ǣ
æͷţһ˳
ţ
ţ֣Լ̤ۡһӰ
ˣţĿ͢ôˣ
ţһūгѵ͢
ӽҲǼŵˡ͢һЦ
ţ
ʱһ˶ţк
壬󡭡ǶˣǼָտɴ
ۿâ˶ˣţҲܸˡ
ףպǶҼŵӣȥһ¡
Ըס
ǣ
ȥ
ԺǴڼţ¶Ҫ׳ϵģ𣿡
￴âһˡ
ǣ
֮£âһ˷׷׵ͷ
졣
ĻǶԣָǰķ
һаźãƼĳ뿪˼ţʳǶȥ
ʳǣʹ
һй֮ڡ
ŮУ֪ɻϢһʤѩɶһʱ뿪й
֪ûһʱȫʧ䡣
羹ûһǲɶô
뵽ɶģ̲סʹ
һգˡ
һգɶһ㣬йǰԺŪŻݲݡ
ͻȻǲʲôй⻪͵ػعȥ
ǰгֹεӣڳ֣ģ̲ס¶
¶֮󣬾̲סϲá
磡
ɶ·һ磬˽˳Ļ
ɵѾͷһˡ
ɶӵסµķ㣬о˿̣ӵе˶Լޱ
񳹵뿪׵һ㡣
ôϣһ̣㡣
ɶӵסþòɿ
磬㲻ɶôɶǵųţ
ôᣬҺ޲ϻصɶߡɶı΢Ц
硣
ɶų˫֣˼֣ԺҲһ뿪ˡ
ԸоɶԼľ
ϣ¶֮ɫ
һɶ飬޺ˡ
ţԺ󶼲뿪ɶˣȥʲôط綼ɶ
˵
ģɶ̧ͷӣ·Ҫȷһ㡣
ɶĳŵ
ͷ


270 
ɶĸô
ɶӵڻӵһʱͻȻʲôʵ
š
ɶͷ
ֻǣȴܸоɶĽ·΢
ԤС
ɶ
ͷɶĸ
ɶ̾˿磬ĸһˣôûȥ㣬ԭģ㡭ǧҪ
һʣɶĸǲ뿪عˣ
ɶͷ

˵
ɶͷų뿪йĸ˵ҴȥڵΪԺԣúõ˵˵ˡ
Ϊ
ɶĻڳУѡ
ĸһѣΪҪΪ
Сӣ˱ߡ
һֱڽ䣬˰ݵСƹ͵Ծ˳ļϣ
ʱɶŷСƹƬ̣һ˫ֳּɵ
ͺСƹǳһ㡣
Сƹɶһۡ
һƫƧййʮغʮһ㡣
ɶС㣬ү
Щæɶͳ
ɶ˵ͷڳļٵشй
ǡ𣿡
սǰԺйĴ֮ڣһᶯ
һڳʱУֹΣ
ĸף
ĸ׵
ģȫĸף
úӣúӡĸ׺úÿ㡣
֮Уٴδļ١
ȴʼղ̤벽
գ֮˵ģ
磬ȥɡ
ۿĴԭأɶס֣
һǰĴ
տ͸оһɿµϢڴ֮Ű
ϢԴĵ׸е־塣
ǡ֮塣
ſڳϵСƹһ˫ɫͫףֳּɵ
Ŷ룬ʱֻоһɿµı˪ϢĺĴ֮Źϡ
̧ͷȥֻľͷվһȶ˵Ӱ
ҲͶʮŮӣվΪģµı˪Ϣ
ǽڡ裬ȫһ˪
ÿµ
һڵһ¶Եֵµı˪Ϣ
侳֮µߣ˪Ϣֱ֣Ӿͻᱻ
ĸס
﷢֣֪ʱԼĶʼ
̧ͷ˻˪ϢŮӣԾ̤ǰ
ŮӣžգɶҲ˶٣վΪϯı˪ϢеѩŮһ㡣
߹ʥࡣ
һϮɫţŮӳе޾ס

µı˪ϢɢŮӷ·ѩ֮Уת۵˳ǰ
䣡
µı˪Ϣ˲佫ϵСƹ˳ȥ
СƹأŽӵڻеŮӣɫ˫ͫ˼ɵ
ｫŮӱסеĸоů
һ̣ĸϵı䣬·˿ˡ
ģůġ
ĸס
ӵĸףͺƯӣص˲ϧһУΪڷ絲ĸ塣
úӡúӣĸ׶Բס㣬ĸ׶Բס㡣
֪ʱὫƿ˪Ϣ˫֣˳ϣͷųоǺͰҵôˣĸ׻ߡˣŴˡ
ĸף㵽ôˣô꣬ûҡңΪϵı˪Ϣô
ﾡѹеļʡ
̾˿Щ侳֮ߣֻҪңᱻıŰ˪ϢɱЩ꣬ĸײԸ㣬Ҳǲϣ˺㡣
ĸס
һٴ˽Ļ
ȫˡ
ȫȻˡ
ԭĸײԸĸײҪˡ
ĸпԵġ
ɵӡųĺףһ˫¶顣
ֻǣոճ֣ͱɱ
ĸף塭ô£
ܿ죬뿪ĸ׵Ļĸףһ
֪ĸ׵׷ʲô£Ϊλôµı˪ϢңЩ˪Ϣͺ˿һ㡣
Ϊĸ
ĸû£ĸû¡
ҡͷؿܺã绹ҪɫĸױΪһټˣԸԳĸ׸ˣˡ
ĸסǿջЦ
ɶɶҲ
ʱֶڵɶ˵
ɶܿͽˣĸ
ɶеǰὫɶ֣ͳַһ𣺡ɶϱĸ׺⣬ԺҪúô֪ô
ĸס
Щ£ɶʼջһֽûͱơ
ڣĸ׾ֱӳƺɶΪϱˡ
ɶһۣɶûвˣ糺죬˿Ҳ¶Цݡ
ĸ֪ɶãҾͲˡ
Ц绨ɫͻȻ
ĸһֱɶܺõġɶæ˵
ɶûţôΪ˵ˣⱲɶϱֱǰ˱ĸ
ֵҿº󣬾һƵգʱǵĻ°˰ɡ
£
һ
ô㲻ԸȢɶüЩ
ĸףǡңֻǡ
治֪˵ѵ˵Լû׼ô
ĸǲԸ˰ɣɶġɶ˵
˵⻰ʱɶ䣬Щʧ䡣
ɶ
һԺУֳָɶԼһһĻĻ
֪ʱɶװġ
ĸףǡ
Ц
ãá
˵ͷܿɶףҲҵһ׮ԸˣֻϣҲЩҸϱĻĸ׾ȥˣҲĿˡ
ĸף˵ʲôأ᳤ġ
˵
᲻ȻһЦ
ӡ
ʱſһԵСƹԡ
ƣ˵ʲôأ
ɫһ䣬ŭСƹ
ߣŲţµıǣȻˣѹƵģ
СƹͺһͷҲٶ˵
ʲôʣʲôǣ
ˣ֪ƹݵģСƹ߸
ߣǿߡ
ǿ֮ϵĴڡ
ĸףô£￴ᣬһǡ
ŵϵСƹһ˼飺ղ˵ڵö顯Ǳǣ
Сƹؿһۣû
ƣ
˸Сƹü
Сӣ㲻ǲôҪ˵
Сƹ
ϻ˵ü
Сƹ᣺ڵǱǣΨǿʣһߵ±ǡֻǣҺܺ档˵ʲΪ±ǣΨر֮ˣΪ֮ˣſ˴
±ǣʶԣҲǼġ


271 ʡ֮˵
ʣǡ
ĸԳԣôİ
ڣСƹ˵췽ҹ̷
ֻǣĸɫأ͸¶Ȼɫʱ
ףһжСƹ˵ˡ
ԭʡ
̾˿Ŀ⸴ޱȣ·¡
ĸףô£
ɫһ֪˭ĸ׺ôҡ
˼·ص˺ܾúܾǰ꣬Ҹջĸ磬һλصŮӣҵй뿪˵Ҫиߵĳɾ͡
ʱ㸸ףҲҸУȻǿȴ뿪Ȼܾˡ
ϡǵãҾܾ̾˿˵ңȻ̧֮䣬ͽһˡҲûʲôףΪһΡڿӦþǸʱҵڣ˱ǡ
ΪǸʱʼ𹦷ͷѸ࡭ʱΪǴڿһжǱǵĹֻͣǣʱıǣۣҸû֡
ֱ꣬һ㣬ͷԼĲףмΣڳıҪ㶳㸸ףƾԼĻͨʱ˪Ϣѹƣ˳
ҷڳһö飬µı˪ϢΪҰŵѾߣˣ
ű˪Ϣ£Ҿ֪ұ뿪㣬ʹ
Ϊ˰ң㸸һص˻ʹЩ꣬˶ˣƴȫΪѹƱı֮ھˡ

˵ȥϣıᡣ
Ϊϵı˪Ϣȶ
ѹܻգֱ漣
Сƹ˵
ƣ˵ǸŮʲôʣ
к˸ҪԼĸ֮ˣŹ
Сӣʲôҿɸ㣬ʣײβĴڡ˵㲻ҵʣҵʴһ磬ܺɱ㣡
Сƹмؿ˳һۡ
ǰȫʢʱڣҲ˵ܶΣֲͷС
ʣǬ½ǿߡ
ңǸΪĸ±ǣҲҪڱǿΪ֮ΪȻһǧСƹֵ
⻹ںĸף
ɫһĸΣڵϦǰǸʲô͡
֮ʲܻôĴۣȥһˡҪĸײƼܽĸ׺ˣķԼԪСƹ˵
˵öԣλŮӣʵǿ󣬱⹫ҪǿҪɱңò˷Ĺ򣬶ңҲ˵ңȴһֱû֡
˵룬˰ɡ
ܣ
ɬĻ䣬СƹæҡͷΪһʣ±Ǻô֮ˣ޿Ϊ±ǣ㡣
һֱû֣νͣῴСƹ
ʲô£ֻɱˡ
Сƹһۣ
ɱˣ
᲻˼ʣǬ½УӵǧԪǿߣʵͨ쳹أͶ䣬գ˭ɱ
ߣ
Сƹͺһ˵Ǭ½Увʣ֮ϵĴڣҲûС
֮ϣ
СƹĻ׵߸Ǭ½ǿߵʶ
С
ǿʣǬ½ϡ޿ƥеĴڡ

Сƹһ֮ϵģдۣۡǬ½ףһͷɴǬ½һͷ˲Ϣִһͷ
ۣ
ᣬһ
ɶΪƽֻǵǵؿᡣ
ڡۡһ㶼ģһ㶼һ㡣
۶Ǭ½߶ԣһ˵
˵һ䣬Сƹ·ˣ˸Ƿ˯˹ȥ
ɳ
״򲻾
ƣǵĺĶֻһ˯ȥˡ
ĸס
￴ᣬһǡ
ڣƸղŵһ޻ɡ
ĸףȷʵ֮ǡ
סܿɶףĸ׶ԣҸʹȥˣĸҲûźˡ
΢Ц·
ĸ㲻ģҺһҵ취ġ
ɶ˵
ԣһҵ취׺ʹˣѹڵı֮ô
ϣ
ֻЦЦҲû˵ʲôˣĸҲҪصعȥˣɶĻ£һȥ׼
䣬֮ڣֻһɭȻı֮
ᣬӰ١
֮ǰͷˣĸᣬҲһλؼǿߡ
ɶ˵һɶȻйȥｫСƹץ˦ϣȥԼĸ׳
ס
й֮ڣԳ
ĸˣ΢Ц
ףʵ˵ĸǲǻ˶ˣ￪żɽ
㡭֪ˣһ
ףʹ˼Ȼѹĸڵı֮꣬ѵھͲô
ｹʵ
֪ĸС뿪пԵʱ򣬳ĸ׵Թޣ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
ڣﵣĵĸ׵塣
ĸ
Ÿռĸףûĸ֮֡

̾һЩ꣬ȷʵҺΪĸѹڵı֮ȻǷĸڵı飬£سǵΧ
չȥãҺҲΪ
˵У⸡ֳᡣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ᣬṫӣû˱ϣԼ¡
Ƕ֪ĸڵı飬ʲô֪֢ܶҩ
ֲһ䡣
֪ʲô˵
֪һй⻪ǡ
ǣֻ֪ǣҪ֢ҩǲˡ
Ц
ۿ棬ｫСƹ˵һУһ顣
ʣ
һиļɵѹ֣ԭĸڵĶѹ˿£Ҫĸף
䡪
Ȼһ뿪й
ûһк
ˣﵹҲȻ
׸ʹȻûôֳ
ʹκˡ

ĸףϾӣֿӡ
ĸ׻ɶһἱ÷衣
ĸףһ취㣬Ҳһᣡ
¶˾
ͬʱϵСƹץ𣬺Ȼ϶ȥ
Сӣ뽫ɱ˲ɣ
СƹۿҪڵأ˸ӣվ˵ϣĿⲻضų
ƣȻóĸڵ϶а취ĸ׵ģ𣿡
￴СƹĿ¶ϣ֮ɫ


272 ١
ĻСƹԻ˷ۣʲôЦȻͨ󣬿ɾǰȫʢʱڣȴҲûܻµıǡ
üͷһ壺֪ʲô취ܾĸһ
Сƹͷ֪
ɲǼ䣬ĺʲô취
Сӣ취ͱˣպʵ֣ĸҲδܰһաҿóڵıǣǿˡСƹ
ʲô취
ɫÿ£ڶСƹ˵
Сƹһǵһμôʧ̬
ǿ֣߳Ϊĸ׻ǣñȫΪĸ׵֮⣬
ȻŭҲ֪ʱܺͳﶥŸɵСƹʵ˵
ǿߣ
üͷһ壺ǿߣĸ֮ǰۣƺΪǿ󡭡ʣʲôεǿߣ
ߣСӣӦҲֻ֪侳֮ϣ侳侳֮ϣ侳ɣСƹʡ
šͷ
ȷʵˡ
ʣ侳֮ϣ˵ʲôεǿߣ
Сƹʵ
侳֮ϣ
в²⣬Сƹȷϣﻹ̲סһ
ǿߣңɼ
ʣ侳ǿ֮ϵĴڣǵøжǿ
ﲻȥ
˼˵ֻҪҵʣʳ֣Ծĸף
ʣȷ
ȻȷСƹͷĸڵıǣʵֶΣҲֻʣܾ
ۿУϣ
СƹЦСӣ˵̫࣬Ϊô׾ܼģ㣬ǰȫʢʱڣҲûʸһ档
ңʵڣҲ˵ԸԸ㣬ڵʵ뿪ǰ㻹ûʣĸ׾ͳŲȥˡ
Сƹ˵
а취ѹĸڵı֮ʡ
ֻҪа취ѹĸڵı֮Ϊĸ㹻ʱȥˡ
⵹ǿԣҪļƷԪʯСƹ˵
˼ǣܰĸף
У¶ֻ֮ɫСƹ߸
ڵһʵ׺ʹ˶硣
׺ʹ˶ĸ׵޲ߣСƹа취
Сӣ㲻ţ
СƹߺһˣҿһòøƵĸ֡
ԣ˫һ˼ǡ㶮òƣѹĸڵı֮
ߣ
СƹӺһ·Ը
ƣߣΪߣ㲻ôСɣ
֪Сƹܲѹĸڱ֮ƣЦ˵
ˣ鲻飿ͷҸʱ䣬׼ʮöƷԪʯΪĸײһǧơ١
Сƹ˵
ǧƣҪʮöƷԪʯ
ˣӡŵľ۱£ƺǧơ
ֻǣҲóôļƷԪʯ
Լ뷨һ˵Сƹʱ֮ԱǣЩܳƵǧƣöƷԪʯƶѣ˵ǧƣֱ̧̫ˡ
ΪƸ֣ԼĽ
ߵƱ£Զսʶ
ơ¡Զս޿ײĴƣֱ˼
֪СƹܰĸףҲ˿
ԭƽңŵۻگһʱ
үۻ۰ڰºס
һ䶯Ĵ¡
һʱ䣬Ҷ׼š
ܿ죬ҷȥҲ֮УµĸңҲյ
ʹع
ĵعһǵصĻ棬Իֶ֮ͨ¡
վԶŸ׵Ķ̾˿
ʮ׾ôġ
ѹ뿪ʮ꣬ȥ̽鲻
ָҪʼΪĸ
ôˣ
˻ͨĴҲ˳ͳߵСƹ
ףԺʹ˲ôˡ
Ц
ţ
һ֪⻰ʲô˼
ƣʼɡ
Ҳṳ̂ͣǰһĸɵı֮ǰ
ͬʱУʮö˸ŲѰԪʯ
ƷԪʯ
ûƷԪʯȴڹϵĵ伮пƷԪʯļأһַɳȥľʮöԪʯɲǵ伮мصļƷԪʯ
һģһ
ܿ죬ֱСƹĶ
ֻСƹӵı֮ϣһع

Ȼû뵽һֱڶӳߵһһֻ
ǿĵ
Сƹϣ֮ɢʮöƷԪʯһһǣ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ʮöƷԪʯĵ֮ٿ£۳ɾŸӵͼ
ÿһţʮһöƷԪʯɡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

֪˶ãֱСƹ֮ƣʮöƷԪʯɵľŸţȻ¡
һһ˱ΧĵϣǶ˽ȥ
𣡡
ʱСƹɫͫףӣͺһ
ղžͿСƹ·ڲʲôƣԾʮöƷԪʯɵƣƽ
ʤЩνǧơ
ף
￴׳
һͷĻͨٴֳ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ǵصĻ棬ֶ£ھŸɾʮöƷԪʯɵͼϡ
Сƹĵ֮Ÿͼ·˹

ˣˣˣˣˣ

һɹԾʮöƷԪʯ𣬻۳һϲһεĹ֣ýڡ
һʱ䣬ףڻ
ڳ˯ᣬת˹ǡ
Ҳ
ĸףƸ㲼õǧƣ٣Ծٵѹڵı֮
˵
ڱĿǰٶ٣ѹ֮꣬󣬾²þ٣Ҳ޷ѹڵı
Сƹݶ䡣
лл
ῴСƹлһһ㵽ʲôޣ
ʲôʱҲ᲼ǧˣ
˵ӻٻ꣬Ҳֳº͵Цݣܿ죬Ŀ⣬ҲСƹϡ
ߣСӰɣû˭ҵݡ
Сƹɨһ۳˵һһ⣬˳ļ򣬳˯˹ȥ
Щ
߸ޣǹ
ô˯
ۿ׳ĸĿⶼ˿ԼԶսľһһ˵˳
ǳᣬס
ǳεˣҪ
ߣ
˵СƹȻǰֵзߣᶼˡ
ߣһеǿˣУǰλߣһλƸ֡
Žֵǧơ١Ȼ


273 ĵܣ
ߣǰĴ
꣬īʯ۹ʱżȻ֮£Ҳ˵ߵĴš
ֻǣôҲû뵽ǰ߾ţֻˣѪ䣬һֻСϡ
š
ӦĸףԺȥðգĸײͨ죬ֻƽػš
˵Ӳͱ߶壬ˮĮɨСƹһۣһػ
ȫǣĴʱ򣬶ٴζǾһ
ֵʱ·ȫȻû˵
ܵĸ׵Ĺģ˵ͷĸף֪ˡ
ǧƣһлᱧɶĺӡ
ϣֳЦݣδڴ
ĸף㲻ֻܱҺɶĺӣԺ㻹ῴǳ󣬳ףŮ
ĸҲϣһ졣
һġ
϶
ʱ䣬ҪΪĸʡ
ȻΪӡ
º
ʹŵƽʡ
֮ƼˣԳԣס
үһ˲ţ
ṫ֮ӣ
ү

ſڣվһܡ
ľӦŵı͡
ү
ڣһˡ
׿
׿ͷһЦþò
ү
ʱ׿һ΢곤ˣҲԳ΢Цк
Ҵ磬׿׿Ц
ԣ׿һЦ
˵׿ɵѡ
Ҳһ
ͻȻо׿ϣֶҲ⡣
侳أ
׿ͫһһ
׿ӵڶˣһУ˹ϣ츳ֻ֮¡
Ȼ֣ҫǶô̡
λṫ֮ӣƺ²Ŷʮ꣬һΪ̤侳ء


ܿ죬Զ
﷢֣ԷΪף˾ˣţҺͺֵܣˡ
ǾȻȫˡЦ
飬Ҳţգգ۾Ц
ˣҲ׷׵ͷ
ȥɡЦ
һ˽ȥ󣬲ǵ⻹ǵڣһĿ⣬ڳϡ
Ǿˡ
ṫ֮֮⣬һݡ

ȻǰŲ⸲󣬼ŻûȫָԪû˻ỳɣŵֻʱ⡣
ţָջԻͣա
ʦܡ
ܿ죬ԶһóĿ

ߵı̶
ǺԪĵۻһġ
ү
ԪۻʣԳ΢΢һЦҵ
Ҳǽ֪꣬˳ݣȫȻû뵽ڻʳǼʥԺֵ÷зĳȻݡ
ṫ֮Ů
˽ңҿɲҵ̶ɩӣҳЦ
Ҿд󣬺һС
ԪۻʹһЦţȺͱ̶ȥˣæ
ͷգգ۾
ҲõϿɡ
ֵܣ
ҲˣǺҼһġ
Ӷˣһ糾
ȻԪǱߣҵ侳ǿߡݹǡֻҪһա
ȻӶˣԦϵȵѸ;ԣӱޣŵԼʱϵ
֣һЦֶ΢΢
үҵڵĳɲˡ
̫ˡ
Ц
ֵܣնҪ㲻顣
˵һͺһ
С
ʱϤóﲻɾϲ
󲮳ۡɣг¸աĺһгˣȻˡ
겻û̫仯ɡ¸պĺˣǳࡣ
󲮣磬¸ʦ֣ĺʦ㡣
տʼ֣ܸϵüʳǣĸʱȻ
Ǹ׽ǽġ
ĸǧơ١İ׳ҲܳЩˡ
û뵽ȽĹ
Ц
ž
̧֣͸˳ɵԴһƣȵϹʲôСĴϲӣ˵Ųӽ㶪ȥ
һĻﰵЦ
һĻϤ
·ֻص˹ȥ
һԩʲô£ǵСԼ˵ģ˵ʲôǷĹ
Цˣû뵽ɻǵõ˵Щ
ž
ָ˳һƣϹ˵ʲôʲôСƣ⻰ҲС˵ģԼİɣѹ֣ѹСӻԸס
ɶ켱ˣҲ֪õѡǱտڲ
磬С⺢ӳˣˣǰǰˡ
ԳЦ
ܣǲ֪Сһ첻򣬾ͲҶҪˡ
ҡͷ˵һɸ֡
ʦܣϲ¸Ц
лл¸ʦ֡ͷһЦ
ʦܡ
ĺǰӻͳһϵͼֽͼֽ۵һҲ֪ʲôҸҴļġرͼ
ĺɵļ壬ļңҲԪһ塣
ȻֻһС塣
رͼ
һ
ϣ⣿
пٿкĺɽ
ʦܣǷرͼļҵһģ˵һʲôɽׯĵģɽׯȴǲ˵
ĺɵĴڳߴ
ĺһΪҲ̤侳
ɽׯ
˵տʼĺ͵ĲرͼÿɷĻ
ڣЩȤˡ
ĺڵļ棬ɽׯеģ
Ҫ֪ɽׯ֮ǰԶս˵οĺɡ
ļҵĵһ棬ܺɽׯӳϹϵӦҲһˡ
С
ԶִһϤ
ɩӡ
ۿһʢװҶ࣬¶Цݣӭȥ
硣ֶһЦ
Գ˵ͷһƲײĹ⻪ҺҪףɶ»ϲΪ׼Ĳ񡣡
ּ̧䣬һö˸ɫ⻪ƬΧһϢ˸
֮Ƭ
ͫһ
û뵽ó֮Ƭ
в˼顣
°ɡҶЦ
ͷ£⣬Ȼûв֮
һݴ
ˣҲ͵ˣҺȻȥˡ
ԳһЦ˵
ʲô
һ磬ɩӣǵĻ쿪ʼˡңڶûɶ
ߣ̫ʰɣĵܡ
ʱһ࣬һԶӰգٴγʱ͵˳ߣңң
ĵܣ
ﳹ״ڵء
ˣ硰ĵܡ


274 
Щ¡
磬Ԫֵľ¥¥ϰ壬
Ǵͥĵܣ
ĵۻʣأǴ˵Ķܡ
ĸףṫǴ˵á
ڣ˳ƺΪĵܡټҲաڱ
Ҳĸĵܣľˣ
ϴˡ
ĮɨͥһۣǣҶ֣̤ն
磡
￴̫
磬ľˣ
ȴΪβңԪȥ
ȥйִţֻһӡһݣ
СΣ㡭ԶҺСֵܡ
Ļݶ䣬ЯҶ࣬ԶԶʹ
ˣ⡭ô£
￴ͥϳ˺档
ȥͥջĿ⣬̾С֮գʲô£˽˵ɡ
ͷ
ŸƼޱȡ
ɶ֣ڳ֮ˣˡ
˾绪Ůӣƽǵһμпø
ˣﱻ˲پƣ硢ɺ˾ˣΪơ
ҹɫ٣ɢȥ
֮ۡˣʱס˻ʹ
úһ˺󣬳ɶ߽һƫƧй˴֮ڣɶǰɶ衣
ϱ衣
Ǭ½طķס
ᣬΪڱǵԵʣע޷ֵĳʽ
ãá
ӹˮ̼䣬׼֮ǰˮɱ
ˣ̾˿
ĸסĿһ
ģĸû£ܿɶһգĸ׺ˡ
ֿɶЦɶϱ裬ֻһʽѣҲ޷⣬ϱҺ⡣
ĸס
ɶҲĿˣ¶ָж
ˣСڻȥɣҲûصعˡϣı˪Ϣ
ĸףȥ
ɶæվ𣬲ᡣ
ֱͻ˵عۿǧơ١лָ˲˿
й
йͱʹĹŮó·
ɶ֣·
ùŮ˳ȥ󣬳Եؿɶɶɺˣ磬㿴ʲôأ
ɶ
˵
֪¸һȣ˷Ӧͽɶ𣬽ɶطϡ
ɶ·ʶʲôü΢΢𣬺Ϊѣתۣüչ·˺ܴľġ
ɶôˣ
ɶı飬ڳѰ
ܾãɶӦ֮һʱ䣬¸𣬳ױ
磬ɶû¡ɶҡͷ
ɶʲôʱѧ˵ˣװŽʣô£㡭㣿Ǹˣ
ɶҡͷ
˵ɡҲϣɶ棬ظɶա
оˮ
磬㲻ҪˣɶĹЩ⣬ûһ磬뱣֮
ɶ˵ţС죬˳ϣ磬롭ԲùɶģɶڣԶڡ
ɵѾͷ˵ʲôء
ָ˹ɶǣôôҪ֪ں㣬ұ㣬úöȹⶴҹɡ
ɶĴڣ֪ͳΪ˳ϰߡ
Ϊһ֮ɶ֮·Ҳ
ӵɶǺЦأ˯˹ȥ
ɶŽǰĳ֣ظ˫գ磬ϣ֮⣬áɶṲ̆侳ɶҪΪŮˡ
ųƽӣɶ˯˹ȥ
ɶ˯ȥ󣬳˫ۣΪɶǺ˱ӣ¶ǳЦɵѾͷ
ȻɶղŵĻˡ
ڶ峿ɶһԹ˹Ůĵģɶ˵һͶһ뿪ˡ
ȥͥ
йǰԺһ磬ͥͺ塣
ˣˡ
кһվһԣԹۡ
϶ˡͥЦˡ
СҾʹûӮ硣̾
ĵۻʣ˵£·ҲЩꡣ
ȻˣҪԸķ䣬£С˵ɡ
ͥһ仰վֱȥ
ó̲סһ
˺Ͷ壬ھ˭й£
С
кºʣôʶģ
Ȼ֪ؿеġָ˭
ҪӼǰ˵ˡ
ｫԼ뿪ݳǣͬȥԪʥԺѡε£һһ˵˳
Ȼص㻹Χŷ¥¥ϰ塣
˶ƺΪӡ
˵
ӣ
һ漴̾˿ɣ꣬ǻ
һˣǵĵܣҵľˣ
صͷҵĵܣҲĸ׵ĵܣľˡ
Ȼȷɵ׿ڳϣĸоͬ
λصķ¥ϰ壬磬
ǺѪԵϵľˡ
ֻǣһ뵽նͥĮ⣬ɻ
ںǰɡ
ؿЦ
⸡ֳΡ
ǣﲻ⡣
ػ˵꣬⹫ߣŮˣһ˫̥һ˺ҵĸףһĸ׵ĸס
ͷ
ͼʣֻΪۻʣ̫¶һ֮⹫һŮҲûʲôֱŮ⹫ĺӣ⹫ҪΪ檡ĸ׵ĸףҲţһݲɳӵŮˣִڵ⹫ǽöµɽ˺ģ˵ǱֻŮˡ
ƽʱҲͰˡʱ򣬲ɵǣǸŮ⹫ĺӣ⹫ΣҲҪǸŮ֡
˵̲סһ̾
ûԼ⹫ɴӶؿУܸо
⹫һҵˡ
ţĴţѵõţǺ⹫洳ʱʶġʱ⹫ۻʣֻ̫ӣ洳ʱһ⣬Ϊ⹫ܴһΪϣ˰
аݲɳӣΪ⹫ִŵΪڶ̶һա
ţ
Ц
£۶ԴվĽǶȲͬѡ
վŵĽǶȣΪ⹫һУȴǰĻر޷ȻҲ֮С
ţû
վ⹫ĽǶȣΪԼ¸𣬸յ
Ҳû
ȥ⹫ʲôӦ
ʡ
ʹ
ؿЦ⹫λţǻѷޣ֮ĸ飬ǸŮ˵ףֻ⹫ƺķݶѡ
̾˿ʣأ


275 Ѷ
⹫׳š
ؼ˵ҵĸףҲĴţۿԼ۰þȥ޷Ȼ㽫ѾΪĹŮĺӣһ˻ʹ
⹫ûֹ
ڣＸȷ
ǸŮĺӣ
⹫ΪŵβѣֻŲҪǸŮĺӣĬˡɡ
֮£ҲͳΪ˻ҵĽɣ󶥼ĸ߲㣬ҲţȴҴ
ֵ
һԹڳУҲ̲ס̾Ȼ
ģǸŮеĺӡ
Ҳ
⹫ûȥҹĸӣʡ
Ȼҹֻǣҵʱ֪ǸŮѾˡֻ뽫ػʹ˭֪СȴǿޱȣҲԸ⹫
ؼ˵⹫Ĺ似ԪʯҲȫ⹫ˡֱʮǰ⹫뿪򣬵ȥ֮ǰһ֣ΪӺʱţҲͻ˵ĶԹĴΡ
ֻϧһжˣɣ죡
̾
Ҳ̲סпѹԸͥ
ңһԨԴ
ֻǣ뵽֪Լݣط𼸷ָж
ԡ
Զ򸾵СֵܣС
ҲԶ硣
ˣ֪ȥʲôطôʡ
ҡͷ֪꣬Ը⹫󣬾뾡һа취󣬳װ⹫ȥ߱伣
ֱǰҪѰĸҪһϧĸ뿪ˣҲͲ֮ˡ
ֵǿˣǻԣ;ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԻػҡҪΪۻʣ޲ɣԸãֻΪĸ
ı磬ס
ϾʼڳĴţҲصĸס
ҿҰ׹ˣδػϲҵ
ЦദʱȻ࣬Ǻ˽ġ
ɡ
صͷ
Ԫʳǡ
¥ڣİУһһŮƷζżȡ
ͻȻ⴫
һ̧֣֮ţӦ
ֵܣɶճײãؾ˱
߽һһŮɺҶࡣ
磬ɩӡ
ｫӭ˹ȥ¡
մӶؿУ֪˹ȥҵ˻Ľ˼
˽⣬Ӧò֪ȫࡣ
֪Уν࣬ӦüƬ档
¶ǣżɽ˳һۣӦòֻҺô򵥰ɣ
ҶҲ
ЦҾ֪硣
йҵ£ûȤ
˳һۣ˵
Цˣ׼ģҲ˵£ֻ뽫һͨĹ£
ԣͷҲûٷС
ܿ죬ͽһ壬һλʱ洳ʶһ˫á
ǣ⽫еһۻʣţǸŮ͹Ůĺӣװһ£꾡չǰ
֪ʱĿ⣬˸⡣
Ҳˡ
磬ɩӣǾã£˭˭վκһ˵λãֻѡ񣿡
￴򸾣ʡ
һʱ򸾶һۣĬˡ
ȥִ̫ˡ
Σ̾˿
磬÷ˡ
ҶҲ
Сȥ󣬸ǡ£Ҳ׷ˡϲڵڳΪҵүûʲôȤ
΢Ц㣬㻹ֵܣһ㣬Զ䡣
ԣʱЦˡ
Ȼûиıʲô
룬еĽᣬ׽⿪
Ĵ˺ͶˣҲȻ˰ɡ
һ㣬ɶ򸾣صҺ󣬽һת˺ͶˣĴ˺Ͷˣ˿
ʺĸ֪£˵úܡ
Ц
ͻȻͥĿһСסһ㣬ǧĸ׶Ҳ֪ĸףĸ׶
ﻹڷ㶣Ϣ˴֮š
磬УҾôô
ɢű˪ϢŮӣվ˴֮Уͥ
ͥЩΡ
ĸףҲǵѣң¶ԣȷʵЩȻ⡣
ߡ
⹫뿪ʱ£ҾҪˡ˵аҲԹˣһֻ˵⡣
˵
ĸףô뿪عˣʡ
ұҪȥɶģ˵Ļ˵
ȥɶ
Цûдɶһ
ۿͳĸӶȥؿ̲ͥסһЦ
Цʲôͥü
磬Ҳǣ֪ںľССǰ˵
ҡͷ
ĸס
ȥɶܿҲ߽˴
ɶ
ɶº͵Цݡ
ֻǣܿ죬ɫЩȻ㡭ǻûͬ
Ϊˣټһ׵Ϊһ۾Ϳɶ֮
ܿ죬Ŀ⿴óڡ
ĸʲô
ΪǷ治аɣ
ᡣ
ĸףɶĴ
ۿﾽȲѣɶæȣ˵ԭ
̲꣬סЦԭô£˵ˡʲô飿
ﲻȻı飬ܿƽûʲô
ͬʱҲпĸ׶ɶ簮һ𱸵˼ûС
Ҫ֪ǰʱĸ׻Ҫӡ
С
ʱ֮⣬ٵ

˭Ĵӡ硱
磬ʲôˣλǣ
˴֮ţӭ˽󣬻һˡ
һ͸оı˪Ϣ᣺ĸףҲڡ
ʲôˣ˴æ
ʡ
ǰ磬ʲôˣҲ硣
ç
Ӷ̾˿ǰ˵ɡ
ç
üͷһ壬˲ԤС
ʱߵˣˣһүɣ
ͷǣ
̾˿̤ҵĹСӳģҲǣ֪ǺһΪɹĵӵѡ
çôˣ
ɫ΢
ӡɱˡ
˳̾ſɬΡ


276 Ǳ
ʲôçˣ
˵Ļɫ䡣
ϴΣɶףç·;ңԶçϲա
ǰ˿е֪çˣ
˭ɱģ
к˸ʡ
ڽԶս֮ǰçҲǷ֮
ȻԶսһۣçˣͱԼѡ
ɹ᪹״ӡǱ
䣬Ϊ
᪹״ӣ
סˣΪҪɱç
ΪĴذƬǸǱҲ֮Ƶ侳ߡ˵
侳ߣɱç֪̤ңвٵĵ侳ǿߡ￴ˡ
̤ĵ侳ǿߣԺǱߵǸǿƥС˿Ц
ΪǱߵλǿߣֻ̤çɱ
᪹
ɫһ
Ǳ᪹ҡͷӺ񶼲ʶ
£ҹƣ᪹δ֪顣
翴˵
˵ͷ
ɱçȡçеĴذƬ
᪹ҪôαصǶԻصαػɹǿߣһ·ǻȥ
У顣
Ǳ᪹״ӣԼ̰ű᪹çĴذƬ
Ҫһɹˡ
˫һ
ȥ
áҡͷ磺ȥˣգʮöƬڱ᪹ϾŴҵģҶɹй룬Ϊҡ
ң£Ͳ
ͷ㾡вԣ뿪ɹǿƣǧҪɹ
ţִ֪硣
ͷ
磬Һһȥ
ɶԳ˵
Ȱɶͱɶסͣ磬ҵĳŵ
ϴʱ͸ɶ˳ŵ
ҪԶţɶһˡ
ãһȥͷ
ĸ˵һʹɶִ뿪ˡ
⺢ӣġ
ʼգᵹҲûֹΪֹ֪ˡ
ӳˣԼˡ
ɹ
Ӱһǰһɹڹ
ʦ֣ϡ
ʦ֣
ϣ

һ·ϣ֮ɹĴѲӵĵӣ׷׶
Ǳү£βù֪
ΪϡˣԱΪʦ֡˵
ʦ֣ԼĪʮ꣬һ
ϵĻ˵ͷϣģзִ硣ң汻ʦ֪ҲᷣңһֵһСӶѣֲɹӣɱ˾ɱˡ
š
ϵͷ˵Ļ
᪹״ӣǺ۰ġ
һ֪СӣҲռݴذƬǿЦʲô̤ҵǿߣںǰǵӱɱƨҷһǿЦ
ǱԽ˵Խǵ⡣
ͺ̤ǿߵĲǺϣԼ
£紫ȥʱǱү㲻ñ¶ݵġ
ֵ
ȥʹȥպ㴫ʦĶУ粻֪ʲôʱˣʦҲɣ˵䡣
Ǳ˵Ҫ𲻱Ҫĺ䶯ܻɹֱӾ̤ˣ
ɹīʯ۹ػһĴڡ
һֱܺá
ǱȻԴȴҲҰܻɹ
Ȼʦ᪹Ҳδܱס
ɹɲֻʦһλ
ǱүĪˡ
Ϸ·Щɵ
ˣϣζлˣæȥɣȻȥˡ
Ǳ˵һԼľȥ
ҡҡͷҲ뿪ˡ
ºɹ֮⣬ӭ糾Ӱ
ʲôˣ
ܿ죬˾ͱѲӵɹס
ｫĵȡҲ˵
㡭ǳ
ɹӣȵ
ͷ
ʦ֣˵㣬ֻû뵽ôᡣ
ǰʦ֣ҵż񡣡

ɹӣ࣬ޱȡ
ֻǣû죺λʦ֣һм¡
ʦ֣롣
ԣæÿһ·
ɶֱ᪹ȥ

վڱ᪹⣬ݶ롣
᪹ڣһףɡ
ɶ˱᪹˱᪹Ժ
£
᪹ǰƷζȵĿ⣬ڳߵŮϣλǣ
ҵӡæ˵
ã
᪹ͷһЦк£Լĺ
˵ţ̧֣Ե֮ȡ豭׼˵衣
ˣֻҪùçһ
ҡͷżɽ
ţ
᪹üçôˣ
ףԼ¶ˡ
᪹״Ǳǰ̤ңɱçȡذƬ֮£᪹֪顣
çˡ
˵
ʲô᪹һ
ç츳Ҳϵ֮ʣǰ;
õһöذƬ
պ󣬾̤侳Ҳǲܡ
ôģ᪹ü
ç䲻ȫɹĵӣôҲɹĺĵ֮
ɱɹĵӣ˭ôӣ
¾Ҫ״ӡǱˡ
ֱԵ
Ǳ᪹ŵüͷˣǱʲô£
Ϊǰ̤ңɱçȡçĴذƬ
ʲô
᪹ɫһ䣺д£
ţǱţ£̤֮ˣ׿˵
Ȼ
̧᪹֣һƵ֮նųһ
һӰȻ¡
һˡ
ȥǱ᪹Ը
ǣ
̤ն뿪˱᪹
ܿ죬˻ˣ󣬸һֹͶ䣬Яˡ
һ֣Ŀͱߵɶ
ߣһз·ųһ硣
ʦ𡣡˶Ա᪹
Ǳȥ̤
᪹Ǳһۣʡ
Ǳԣһ𣺡ʦ㡭㶼֪ˣ
çɱģΪһöƬ
᪹ʡ
ʦһ˶ѣӵаƬңöƬʺá
Ǳ˵·һ㶼ç
һˡ
̲סЦˣãԼܸ߹ô
ʲôˣ
Ǳü㽫¸ʦģ
ô˽˵
Ц͸¶ɱ⡣
Сӣ㡭
Ǳɫһ˵ʲôȴֱӱ᪹ϣͽ£
ʦ𡣡
ǱЩ£ʵع


277 ۹ҵķŭ
˭ȥģ
᪹Ǳʡ
о᪹ŭǱҳɣæ˸ˣǺϡ
ȥ۰
᪹Ǳˡ
ǣ
ȥ
ʦ𡣡
Ǳ᪹ȴ֣᪹ûۿ
ܿ죬˻ˣ󣬻һˡ

ˣǱеġϡ᪹еġ۰æԱ᪹
۰Ǳȥ̤̤ҵçɱˣ
᪹Ŀ⣬ں۰ϡ

񣬺۰Ļ֪ǱˣһЦ
£䲻ıϾǰףҷ㵽˼һ꣬ɷ
᪹۰˵
˼£ɹӣ˼֮ء
۰
۰˵ֲǣ֪ѾĿݡ
һʱ䣬Ե侳߶ԣ㲻ʲô
ߣֵ᪹
۰ҳɣ̤նֱȥ
Ŀñ᪹˴ú۰üȴҲû˵Ͼ۰ı
ıǱ
Ǳ
ֿ᪹ǱɫһçõƬ
ʦ𡣡Ǳɫһ䡣
ôҪȡ᪹ʡ
ǣʦ𡣡
ǱͷӰɽָУȡʮöƬ
һöȺ
ǵçõöذƬ
öذƬɫһ
ѡöذƬΪ˸çȴû뵽öƬ⵽Ǳ̰ӵҪç
Ρ
ѡöƬççҲ
һУɵġ
̧᪹֣֮ʮöƬɨ˳
ʲô˼
ü
ЩçĶ᪹˵ջȥɡ
һЩ
ܿ죬ֿ᪹ǱɫһǱ̰ɱΪɹ֮ˣ㵽˼꣬飿
Ǳ᪹Ļ˿û飬û顣

ɫ䣬ɱçꣿ
ͷҲ̫˵ɣ
֪Ϊç򱧲ƽȻçϾɹʽӣǱɹδϣ
᪹Գ˵
ЦˣɹʽӣĻӦҲǶ˵İɣ
ԭǳһӶѣ˶ʦ˵
ǱɫһҪѹȳ
ˡ
˭֪һɸΪ·ĵ£Ǳ֮˺Ǳɫ䡣
û뵽˿¡
ˣ
᪹һɢ˳ĵƣĿѴﵽ뿪ɡ
˱᪹һۣǸַּЦ
һΣо᪹ͽһäĿ̵ϺͿ
ӽҳɹ޹
̧֣ɹĵƳУɲǼ䣬ͱѣ֧顣

᪹ɫһ䣺ˣ

ﵭɨ˱᪹һۣգǳʶˣұΪ㱱᪹ôҲɹ֮һû뵽˻̣çԩ
ߣ
ǣɶ֣뿪֮ǰӣǱϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ǳĵһ
ܵ˳ɱ⡣
ۿλɫŮ뿪Ǳ᪹ʦ𣬳ٵɹĺĵƣΪɹѵˣ
֮лܱˣ
Ǳɫһͺȵȥڣ
ǣǡ
Ǳæͷȥ
뿪ǰǱүĿ⣬޲ýǱү̵ҵģţ츳硭
վһԵˣ˵
˼ȻһУʦ˼ҿʦһ̣ȴԭҶԸɹй֮ˣرԶսһۣ׹ʦܿ
᪴ص
ţվвִ
֪һīʯ۹۶ȥҡ
᪴Ըȥ
Цˡ
ɹ֮⣬ɶ̤նɫޱȡ
һΣҪΪçֻع
˭֪˽֡
ôҲû뵽ȥòȻı᪹ȴҲһ죬˻̡
çģ᪲㹫һգһΪɱǱΪֻعңһգԶ
ÿÿç֮Ρ
ذƬççҲ
գɹ΢Ӳһ
ԣѡá
յãδǱ֮
çĳŵ
硣
һֱڳߵɶɫ
ɶû£ǻȥɡ
ǿЦ
κ˶Կء
īʯ۹۶
һ糾͵Ӱ˵۶ֱ۶ʹڶȥ
۶ʹ˽٣һӰ֮ܳϣīʯ۹ҵǿߡ
ЩǿߣˣºˣΪôīʯ۹ң

̧֣жһöơ
ɹ֡
ԭɹʹʹкηԸ
һλīʯ۹ҵǿߣ̲סʵ
Ըҵҽǵ۶ңҪһ¡īʯ۹ҾŻӣǰʱ䣬ѱɱ
һڣʯ쾪ڳĵ۹ǿɫ䡣
£¿ɵ棿
һλ۹ǿһʡ
ŻӵĻѣǲǲֻ֪ǣɻѰ鲻Żȥʲôط
Ȼɹ֮˽٣֣ܵͬʱҲһȷϡ
ô㻳ƭǣ
ЦһŲţǣǸ֮ˣһݣִѪĵӡ
˵仰˷ɶȥ
ֻīʯ۹ҵһǿߣ
£뾡㱨λ档
Щǿߣ׷׸䣬ֿʹȥ
ʲôɱС֮ˣҵˣ
֮ˣң˵죬ֱ
ЩϤˣϴСȥɹʱǸž޵ˣǽС

ܿ죬ʹڵļλ棬׷׻һ
ǣվīʯ۹۷Ĵڣīʯ۹ҵơ
ƽʱǵ۹ΪѣһǶ
ɽգǲֻһ
˵֪Ǹ
ǣ磬ǸѪĵӣ̫ɣһΪ֮ˣߵúܽ
ûˣɹ֮ԣ֮ˡ
ߣң

Щīʯ۹ҵǿߣ׷׷ŭˡ
ڵ۹µĸ֮ˣɱ۹ҾŻӣµ۹ϡ
ˣɱ
⣬ңͬѴ̡


278 ǿƶ
ô
ɶ˻Ѷĳ硢ɺ˾ˣʵ
ǰʱ䣬ɺ˾磬Ҳӳе֪ç¡
֪ȥɹҪΪçѰ󹫵
᪽״ݵǱçߵƬңⷣǱ˼ꡣ
ޱƽ
һ·Ҳ߹ˣڣҲˡ
֪ҪΪçһعΨԼӵǿʵñ᪣ɹɵʵ
û뵽᪹ô̡
˾ü
ʵҲ⣬һ״ӣɹʽӣһçɹӡѲɣΪçԼ״ӳ
ҡͷ׾پͿµıʡ
ô˵ġ
ͷкһǰĵƻٵˣͬʱպɹ޹ɹˡ
ﻰ䣬üͷ𣺡С̫嶯ˡ
ǰĵƣɹΪɹʲôʧ͵òʧˡ
ɺ˾ҲΪһ亹
ҡͷһЦʱͷϣҲû롣
ç£ȸһ䡣ɹ˵ݹīʯ۹ҲǶĴڣĴڣַ˶ûκκô
ֵ
ͷ
Ҳô룬ûɹੲݡ
ڵäĿɹ⣬۵Ѱ·
ɹΪʵĺçôҲΪɹôࡣ
̾
ܿ죬ɶ˸ǣԼй
Сӣ˵ֻɹȥˣɱçˣ
սйһֻСƹͷԾվڳǰʡ
ߣ
ĮɨСƹһۣ
ƣԲµˣʡ
ٺ٣ɫ϶ɹǸ˰ɣʲô飬츳պŬδؾͲܳΪеǿߣֱߵķɡֻбߵһʵһɹҲ
СƹԳ˵˵Щ⡣
·ĻԻͣոչȥһ㡣
ƣǰôû֣㻰ô֪ࣿͽ곹ĻҵĶҲ徲
СƹһȻóָ˼֣Сƹһۡ
ɶǻط
˵꣬ҲСƹǣɶ֣ͽڵ
СƹԻüСӣǺĵ¿ηΡ뱾ߵ꣬οˣȻһ㶼飬ɷߡ
˵꣬˸Ƿſһ˯˹ȥ
ϴöڵûꡣ
һ뵽çﻹ̲סΡ

Ψģƽ
ֻǣɶͨ׼ʱ
̶ޱȣԻʹϿպХ䣺
۹ʹ٣ۻʣǰݼ
һ仰ʹ
īʯ۹ҵˣ
ü벻ͨīʯ۹ҵʲô
īʯ۹ҾŻĴжԹĴǰʱԶսˣ鷳
ɶǳȥ
ɶڵն
СӣҲˡ
˯СƹͻȻתն𣬸˳ɶ
һֵӡ
ʱ￴ۻʣĶأһλˣ֮С
С
硢ɺ˾磬ҲˣͳɶСƹһվص
ϡ
ʱＸˣ
ߵˣǿݹǡ
ɺͳȥɹĵѡελˡ
ݹ¶ȿ޻ѿЦݣĿˡ
磬ǳ
ʱһīʯ۹֮Уһˣָڡ
·ʶ
ţ
￴ˡ
һӣǵǵĴɹȥĵѡεǸīʯ۹ǿߡ
īʯ۹һˡ
Զǵ侳һǿߡ
߲ơ
ǳɱСŵĳ
ӳΪ硱֮ˣһϡˡųк˸
Сţһ
īʯ۹ҾŻӣĴ
ߵһˣ
֮䣬ɭȻ⾳֮īʯ۹ҵľŻӶɱңʲôģ
䣡
ʱһӰ˲ڳǰ
ֻһƣ׾ٽԷ⾳֮⡣
ˡ
û뵽ͥˡ
λԵ۹ҵĴˣ£Ƿ᣿
ۻʣأˣˡ
ۻʣ˵᣿֪ϢʲôˣӦþͲ˵ˡ
ͥ⾳֮ˣɫһصĻɷЦ
ʲô˸ǵģ
ʡ
ߣ֮ˣֻҵֿҵ۹֮ˣǷΪʵ۹ҡգңڣ
īʯ۹һ侳ǿУΪ׵ˣϻ޷ԶĮޱȡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

䣬µΧ
ΧĿɢһȦȦ
ɲǼ䣬ʧԭأֻ¿µķ֮⾳Ϣ
ͻȻֻоһ͵ľӿԼƿȴǴͥˡ

ͥƳƼ򵥣Ȼ۵⾳֮ȴļµĸо
أ
һ죬ʧóͥǰͥһơ
ͥһ˿
ɫһ䣺󲮣
ͥ·硣
ߣ
ͥһͨʣ·˶ȼն
һ
һŭһԭ֣ͥȵϢɨʣµһƣٴκˡ
֮⾳֮ӰΣ
һ𣬼ٺˣͷ֮ϣһֻɫӵӰۡ
ڱͨ£С
ڱͨһ˫ɫͫף˲鶯·ǡ
Ϊµĵ֮ںڱͥ
һһޣɱ

ͥīʯ۹Ҵǿһսʱīʯ۹ˣ׷׶ˡ
ݹһ˶ϡ
Ҳһˣض֮ˣʵҲΪ¡
ɡ
̤նĿϰ⾳֮֮
ɱҶɲס
һӶһӰƾճڳǰ˶š
ף
ǰӰڳߴɽ
վڸ׵ֱǻĸо
ǳСֵĸף
˿Ц
ͣͣͣͣͣ

˻䣬ɫÿ£㲻׳˶壬
һ˿˿۵˸
侳
ˡ
ǰ֪ǰһĻĸڣ
ףҲһλ޳侳ߡ


279 ݹ֮
ߣŪ顣
ۿˣ˲мһЦ⾳֮߷ƶ
ͷһֻӴľţӰ۳Σֻţ͸¶µϢ·Ϊ֮

īʯ۹һ侳ǿߣϴŷЦݣ˳Ｘˡ
ĳＸˣͨĵ侳߶Կ⣬οˡ
⼸īʯ۹ҵǿߣվīʯ۹۷Ĵڡ
ÿһˣž˵
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬֪ƥУȴҲսڡ
ɶڳߣΧ˿˿΢𽥵
ɡ˾磬ٴС
𣬳ͳ磬ǵͨ
ԳＸ˳ֵīʯ۹ǿߣû뵽ӵ̲ͨסһ
Ƭ̣ϣ¶ЦݣͨӵߣҶԣǺεҫ
ͨӵߣǬ½Уϵ
ÿһɳǾž޵Ĵڡ
գɱͨӵߣԵһҳ
䡪
ը죬īʯ۹ǿߣˡ
˫ۣϷʵЦݡ
ȻһˣʵЩе侳ء
ȻԸ侳ضûеСһ練ƣһԽһ
Ȼһ쳹ʡ
µĻͨףֳΡ
һʱ䣬ŵˣɫ䣬ܸܵľţͨڲ
찡һҲͨӵߡ
ͨӵߣ
ಡ
֮ʱͨѶ䣬ֱӸＸ˽֣ɳȥīʯ۹ǿߡ
Сģ
˱ȣֱӳóֲȥＸˡ
ֻǣǰͷֳ壬һŻըӰ١
壡
ɫ䣬ֱǸīʯ۹ǿߣ·ҪԮ
ֻǣעˡ
ͨЯž֮ƣһ˫޴·أֱ¡
īʯ۹ǿߣϷЦݣ̡

ˣŻͨ䣬˻ҽ
ҽ֮ԣʹ
ңǿߣ
Զ֮ϣһվԶֵļˡ
Уֳּɵʧˡ
壡
īʯ۹ǿߣһˣգۼ䣬һ˱֮˺ɱ
ˣ׷
䡪
µݹֱӺ䣬
ݹǣīʯ۹ǿɱ
ݹǣ
ۻأ¶ʹ֮ɫݹ׷һû뵽꣬˽֡
ϣ
ɫ䣬ǣֱɱݹǵīʯ۹ǿߡ
̫ӵ£
ɫһ䣬ȥ
ɣ
磡
˾硢ɶ
ǿΪѰ
䡪
һ죬ۻأɳȥҡҡ׹˲Сơ
ԶͥҲѹƣԲīʯ۹ǿ֮˵Ķ֡
£
ʱͺƿնλ侳ߣ١
ֻǣǵʵݹǶ硣
ת֮䣬ͱīʯ۹ǿɱˣһˡ

ɫ䣬ڲ
ݹڣˣһΪҸ
û뵽գȴΪ

رһϵ֮
ƣ֡
ﱩһмżַŭ
Ｘˣɱݹǵīʯ۹ǿ߿⣬ȻȴǶ֡
գ۹򣬼˶ˡ
ֻо𶯣ܵʹ࣬ȫ
ƣ
īʯ۹ҵǿһ
ʱһֱƽشһߵ
֮ǰע⵽ֻһ
ֻǣۿ嫵ĵ֮Хɫ
ⲻһֻ
ңʵ
Ϊ
ߣѣ
īʯ۹ǿߣϵ֮趯ͨХм

ȻʱСƹסΡ
Ҫʲô
һĻóﲻ⡣
ţīʯ۹ҵǿߣҲ̲סһǵһοôСĵ

䣡
ʱСƹͷӴӰ֣һֻɫ󹷡
ֻɫ󹷣סˡ
ⲻô
ռޣͨҲޣ
ֱ˼
ɫ󹷳ɫһѪһţ𡪡
춯صĴ𣬴͸ʣʳǡ
һʱ䣬ΪȽߣվڻʳǵĴϣŻʹķһ򵹵ء
ţ
տʼīʯ۹ҵǿ߻ʲôֻǣ׼֣ɱǰֻʱɫˡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

壬͵һ𣬵֮ǡ
ȻȻȫʩΪ壬ԼΪµٶȣɫ󹷵Ѫڶȥ
ɫ󹷵Ѫڣƺ޾Ŀ
ˡ
īʯ۹ǿߵͷ֮ϣͨɫѪɢ


īʯ۹ǿ߾Умž
Ｘˣ׷סˣơ
սļˣҲ׷˹ǰһĻ˶סˡ
رͥء
ϵóֻСƹһֱڳߵСƹ
ֻǣû뵽ֻСƹ˿¡
ģ
īʯ۹ҵǿߣɫ䣬շӦͿͬ鱻СƹĺɫͨɵһĻ
һʱ䣬ϵֱ֮˼֡
ǳ׷ˣ
ңȻɱˡ
ˡ
ΨѪɺӣο֮ͬ顣
ɫͨɢȥǸīʯ۹ҵǿߣȥ󣬾ͳӰ٣·ʧһ㡣
ƣȻɱΪβЩ֣ҪȻҲᡭţ
üƣտʼԹͷСƹҡҡ׹
һֱ̣׹ȥ
ƣ
ɫ䣬£Сƹס
ʱŷ֣Сƹ
Сӡ
Сƹտڣͳ˹ȥԳ˼ĸɡ
䣡
ʱߣȣһ죬īʯ۹ҵǿߣǸͬĴ֮ˡ

ɱ

ۿ˱ɱɫһ䡣
ų룬ͥѹټпȥء
һʱ䣬жߣռϷ硣
϶ߣ
Ϊ׵ˣۿʵͥɫһ
ʶȥǳҪԿ

ӰԸսХԶȥ
Ҳ׷
׷ȥҲδˡ
ˣ̫ǿˡ
ݹǣ
ۻʣ˫Ҳ̲סᡣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ǵۻʣУλߣ֮ϡ
ȻҲˣѪ⣬и顣
ǰݹǾ͸ߣȻȴΪҶ
̲סʹ
С磬ԸȥݹǺλ
رöȥ죬ɿɱʹݣ̾˿ת硣
ǣˡ
ͷҲ¶˸С


280 
գīʯ۹ǿǿƽ١
ˣݹڡ
īʯ۹ңҲùҲˣԶīʯ۹еٮٮߡ
ļգң˳š
ǰãŸհһϲ£ȴҪɥ¡
޳
ݹǺλΪһۻǡ
һգĹ԰֮С
Եۻ֮£ͥͳˣȫڳ
ݹǣߣһΪ˻ңףӡӽɶҲĺӣ常
ۻأǰݹǵĹֱԵ
常
̫ɣĹ֮ǰʹ
СǿݹǴģָһΪ
ݹǣĵڶס
ݹǣΪҶù٣ӡͥ㡣
ͥߵĹǰء
ϣߡ
˵
ϣ
ܿ죬硢ɶ˾磬Ҳһһǰйһ
λߡ
ţһͱλΪսĹ
ˣգŵǵλؽҵ֮ڣǧţؽסǵĶ¡
һʹŵ
Ҳǻ
УֻλһĽ䣬һЩλ
ЩλΪ˴׵Ļ֮ˡ
գȴֵҺ˾ء
ϣʹ󹬣һй֮ڣ֮С
Եۻ֮£˻һá
ϴ֮£ΪæΪλɥ£ҲûСĴ治ɱ
ؿʡ
ҡͷȻǣҡ硢˾Ƕ֪ĴǱ˭ɱģȴɱңǱɱҲ֪
ĴСɱǼħ֮Ůɱȴ֪īʯ۹ңΪҧסĴСɱ
յʱ䣬ɻָ࣬ü䣬Ǽż
ңīʯ۹ҵ˵ͨ籨šңǸˣƺŷ
˵
īʯ۹ңڻĴ۹ŷģҲֻл
˾Ʋ
ѵǼħͥüͷʡ
ܡ
ҡͷ
ţɻԼĶӡ
ǲܣħ֮ŮֽǵѡҲһ㣬Ҳ벻ʲôҪô
ֵ
Ǽħǡ
ͻȻʲôת
磬˼ǡ
ͫһɵ˼
ڴʲôգü
ܿ죬ɣç£гȥɹΪçͷ˵˳
ɹ
һ̫ܰɣԣɹҪԸС鷳¾ͲС뿪ˡ
Ҳǡͷܾã˵ҲЩͨ
ǣ᪹ʲô˼ɣûԼ֡
ǸǱտʼҲ᲻һ뵽᪹Ȼ̣ò˵ɹϣû˸ҿġ
ǱӦòΥ᪹Ը뿪˼¡
벻ͨ
ʵ벻ͨ
īʯ۹۶
ʹ֮ڣһ֮С
һ֪ͨͨδ
ͻȻͨ·һɿµϢ֮УصͨڵˣĿһ
ಣ
˳ɿµϢһ𽥵ڵͨᡣ
״
ܿ죬£ͬԴסˣǰ
塣
Ժˣڵͨڵˣޱȡ
ǼŴҳأǳʲôˣ
ں£ݵˣ˻ޱȡ
壬ĺ壬ˡ
һˣߵ

ˣ·һ㶼û˻ơƽ
ǣīʯ۹µң
˵
ˣЩңһССĶ棬Щ꣬ȥ˲ɣ
塣
ˣҲĶ棬ɬȴҷ
ƽʱīʯ۹Уλڵۻ֮ϣȻǰλˣǻҪһǵĻ塣
ҪǣǵĻ壬īʯ۹ֽڻеǿߡ
뿪ȥֹǿߡ
Ѫϴǿߡ
ߣûõĶҵǶˣ·
Įϲŭ
ǡ
ĶˣȻƽʱڰۻڵīʯ۹ǰ߸ϡ
ʱںǰȴ͸¶ǫ
īʯ۹ʹϿգӰʣʧ
ûܲߡ
ôģ
·ϣѵÿڣһСĻ֮ˣôǿһ侳أһ侳أֻĶӣ
Ķԣһæ˵֪Сȴʵ֮ˣ侳أһ侳ء
侳أһ侳أ
ЦЦ
塣
ĶҲīʯ۹һǿеϴЦ֪侳֮ˣΪѷɫңսȴѰʱڣκһˣҶ¡
Ǹ侳֮ˣҲˡ
Ҳ
ңǵУҲʵǿһֻŹֵĶֻͨһڣͽĸˡ
˵·ʲôµ£͸¶ļɵ
ģʱʲôΪ
ʡ
侳أ
æ˵ֻ֮ͨҲŻˣӦһжһĸɡ
ͨɣ
ںµӣ̲סһһֻ
ǡ
æ˵һֻСģĵͨʵȴΪǿͨҲһֻֻǣһֻɫ󹷣ͷϡ
λ壬治ҵ꾡ֻ
Щҵڻⴳʱ˵ĴеǿޡޡֶΣޱͨɱﵣ
һٴζޡ޵츳ܽշ
·𿴵õδ˵ٶȣּӿ˼֡
ǿĶˡ
׷Ϻˡ
ߣûõĶ
ͣ£ȴǰ
Ķ˶һۣ¶Ц
壬ǰ򡣡
Ķǰ˵
ܿ죬Ķˣźˣīʯ۹Ľ磬
ǿµٶȣʱʳ֮⡣
壬ʳǡ
ĶŽµĴǣ˵
ߣ
һͺߣ̤նգٴγʱǽʹϿա


281 ˮһս
ɵ⡷Уں֮еķƣ򣬵ڻû˿ͷ
ķ˸ķɵͨüͷ
ʱ䣬īʯ۹ǿߵĴ̼ϣִ
ڶʱڣʵԺ͵侳߿ĳ̶ȡ
ڵҪһں֮ơ
ҪȻֱ췽ҹ̷
Сӣˡ
ʱڽСƹ̧ͷ
ţ
ɻ͸оڻʹϿգ·мΪµ
ɶ
еķɵͨ·ʶʲôΣգɫһ䣬˷ţֱʡɫɶ̤ն
Сӣɫѣ
Сƹն
ˡ
ʱһɺޱȡī·ѹһ𣬺Ȼ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱӵйڣΧʮйɿµ֣಻ϵľ֮󣬱̳
̳ɢȥֻʣһƬꡣ
һʱ䣬ʹະ֮˷
ÿµ
ɫһ䡣
СӣӰɣӦǵ侳ߡ
Сƹһ˫ɫͫף¶ּɵԳ˵
Сû°ɣ
ʱԶ̤նΪǱ
ǵйҲղһǿ֣˷档
Һüʱ뿪ˣȻ롣
Ǹ׺ʹǡ
ܿ죬￴Զնˣæ˹ȥ
Сӣ
Сƹۿﲻٴδߴٵ
ʱתͷСƹһۣƣ߰ɡһ֮ʣһ֮Ѫ䣬㡣
˵꣬ǣɶ֣ͳˣ׷ˡ
Ѫ䣬ΪԵ
ﲻѪ䣬һﱻɱСƹҲɡ
ȻҪѪ䣬Ҳ򵥣һͷӡ
СƹĻסˡ
һ֮ʣһ֮Ѫ䣬㡣
ԺУĻ϶
СƹҲߣͻȻ֣Լˮģһ̣·һöʯӵ
þƽ
ߣ侳߶ѣȫʢʱڣ綼Ҫ
Сƹ˫ͫݣ˳Ｘˡ
ơ
СƹЩ˼飺㡭
裬ߺôҲǰưԻĴڣǱһ侳ˣ߿ɶ
Сƹߺߵ
ЦˣиָжȻ֪ǹ˵ġ
ƣΣգ뿪ɡģҾ㡣
Ͽҵ
ǣ
ʱϿմ
Ｘ˸󣬾֣վڸ߿֮ϵˣˣɲǰʱĶӵˣ
ˣīʯ۹֮ˡ
񣬾־
ңһİĺˡ
ˣӦþƿеĵ侳ˡ
ɵ
׺ʹ󲮣Ҳ侳ضѡ
Ȼīʯ۹˾ԭ˰֣˿µİ֡
޹֮ˣҲɱ
ۻأɫ
ȻղŵǹɿµֻʹһΪƽأȴҲ˲ˡ
ٷϻգңضȮ
Ķ̤ǰһЦ
ͣ
һЦĶһ䣬쳹ʡ
Цʲô
ĶɫһĿԶϣϵ㣬ǳɱС֮ˡ
ЦС˵־ٻСѣϴΣ˭ֻɥ֮ȮӴܶȥ
Ц

Ķ⾳֮ʱü취ɶ뿪㵽عȥ֮£⣡ֻϣһʱҲعĸͨعص뿪
ס
Ŀ⣬ǰδмᶨҲ뿪
Ŵͷ뿪ˣŵӼȫ
͵Ѫ֮
ָо̫ѹ֣̫ܡ
޼ѡ񣬶ңΣѵģףܻ뿪
һ׷Ϊ˱ߵˡ
֮˴ͷʱߣ
ȻһԹ޻ڡ
Ϳ
ȵߣպ˭ΪǸ𣿸Ͻ뿪
ףһ£ҲپڶΡһΣһһ𲢼ս
ִޱȡ
ҪˣƴȫҲҪȥǡ
ɱˮһս޻ڣ
Ȼ︸Ӷ֮Ĵޱȡ
ȻۿĶǲµʲôЦٶҲãգһ֮ˣһҲӲˡ
壡
ˣĶĻ壿
ˣ׷׺Ȼ

ͻȻ˶ˣʧԭء
ٴγʱͥǰ
ͥĻͨǵϯ䣬ֻǣȻˣһֲ̧֣ĵ֮ͽͥ˳ȥ
Ļͨɢ
ۣ
һѪ³ͥɫ԰ֽ¶ļɵ
ƥУ
ߣǶˣں֮ߵģǶҵ档
˱һ֣ò˻ƵУỵ̂ԼˣҲ˿
Ķ棬¶ЦȴҲ
ǵ۾úÿں֮ڣֻҪܽ
˵͸¶ɭȻ
ʱ𣬰︸ڣ֮ˣ׷׻Լͨ
䣡
ֻǣ˻ûӦִڵ˳ǰֻһ˳ͨ
ͨɵĳɫһ䡣
䣡
˰ĵ֮ϣ֮£Ϣήң
ף
ɫ䡣
ۿˣ̤նĳ
ûκγɣ·֣֮ѪͨУѶ䡣
ںһͬʱ޴Ѫ͵һ𣺡磡
̤նĳס
˾
翴˾磬׼ȥĸ׽˾磬ﲢս
˭֪˾粢û֣
ɽˮ֮Ȼ١
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һң˺ˣѸޱȣЯž˵
ֻǣЩңֻ˺˵ı棬ͱһɹε𿪣˵ĸĵ֮ƿ
ֶβʵ̫ˡ
̧ͷ˾һ̧ۣ֣һɵ֮˾硣
꣡
˾ĹݣӦϣ˱˳ȥ
˾
ѪͨѪУﵣǵ
ˡ
һ̣ѪͨһֱӺˡ
˺
Ҳˣ֣ͨȵĻУĿֱӺˡ
Сɶ
غֵͥܶˣɫһ䣬䡣
˿ɣֻҪ˶Գ˳֣˱ɡ
ǲǽǶˣ
ӵĶ棬ɫһ
˵Ŀ⣬ܿ׼ԳＸʩԮֵɶСƹ

Ķ̤նֱСƹ
ʱСƹͺһֻɫӰͷ֮ϡ
ֻɫ󹷣Ķɫ䣬æˡ
ɢ


282 ʵ
𡪡
ɫ󹷳ɫ˫ͫ˸ĹѪ֮ſ
µĶ
Ķæˣϵ֮ǣͷ֮ϣͨ۳Ρ
ȻʹȫʩΪ廹֮㣬ɫ󹷵Ѫڡ

Ķţ屻ɫ£Ҳ
Ȼޣ
ԳＸ˵Χһ׾پͳǵİΧȦ
֮ϣԶҡҡ׹Сһ˫͸¶޾⡣
ôҲû뵽ڻ֮Уޡ
ңԻһֻûгɳޡ
СƹͨĶ׹¡
һӰӿնסСƹ
ǳ硣
һֿŸ׳һСƹĿɭȻ˸ں˵ϡ
ˣ̫ˡ
ۿĶɱг˾ֱ֣Сƹ֮˿

̤նֱԶһӰ
Ŀ꣬ɶ
ɶ
ﱾ׷ˣɶʱٿѪֱͨӶȥΪɶ嫵һơ
һƣ̺Żĵ֮⾳֮
ֻһƣѪͨȣͨɵĳȥǵѪվɶǰĿ档
Ǹ֣Ҿһȥ
ͺһ̤ն֮貽ϣ绯һգҫķ

ͺһյϣḶ̌ɫ⣬ֱӳɶˡ
ﱾˣ̣¶ַ
зɵۣͨ졣
䣡
˭֪ʱֻоһɺ͵ķס壬ǣ׹
ɫ䣬Ļ֪ɶΪɶ
ƴȻ֮ɶ˺һԲķ
磬Ӧɶúûȥ
ɶǣ뿪֮󣬷ͨ壬գȻ쫷磬ɨ̣Ʈݶ䡣

һĻͫ
ݡ
ҧأзɵۣͨƥĵƣ˺ɶķơ
ಣ
̤ն𣬳·磬˫ſֻϣɶ֮ǰӭЯƥ֮ļ̡
ֻǣٶ죬ܱȵȫʢʱڵɶ
ˣδɶ졣
οڡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

쫷ɶǿһ¡
Ȼ쫷Ҳֹֻͣ׹£ɫ԰׵ɶ
ڵɶڿеûˡ
ɶ
ɶ׹壬ֻǣһתɶɶɱḶ̌Ŀѣ
ʱ˿̣絶ʡ
ʹԼʵ̫
ɶʲô壿
硭ʶ㣬ɶܸˣһҪúûȥ
ɶήҵĴ׹˲䣬ʹ˳ĶУóеķɵֶͨ
ݣ
ֻǣɵͨӶȴǽ̶㿪
ɫ䡣
ֶΡ
Ų֮ûκα
ɻǱԷ㿪ˡ
ߣΪһ㣬ڶͨȴأѹСŻ
ȴ棬˳ķɵͨٿؽ̶㿪ɶҵҪ㻹ʲôֶξţʲô
ĲЦȻֹ
ˡ
֪ʱһ֮סɶǣֱӳ
ɶ
æɶסɶû֮Ǻֵ֮ķ
һ̣жס̶˸һ˿
꣡
һ̣ѡ
ʲôˣɫ䣬û뵽ңǿߡ
ǲԶһڣռϷĺˣҲ̲סĿ
㿪
ͻȻǲʲôһ
㿪Щ¡
ʱ淢֣ԼվƬգͻȻΪµĺܿ죬ɱ档
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һ֮ǣͨ⾳֮ûбͼĺ
ֻǣ䱻ѿѷ죬ȴ顣

ʱһŮʡ
ɲǼ䣬Χĺ˲£ɢű˪Ϣĺ֮ڣܿѹ貵ɺ졣
Ѫ
һɺ죬ܿ챻̡
ƣ
Ů֮еŮӣһѩŮ
һڣ漷ѹѪˮĺ˲ըѡ
ıʡ
棬īʯ۹ǿߣź
ɢ֮䡣
֮ˣǱˣҵġṫ
ĸףᡣ
ĸף
ɫ䣬˵ĸΪڵıǣЩδ֡
һ֣ǽһ
һĸףѹƱǡ
ʲôˣ
һƺ£ءͥ˾ɵĺˣ˻Ƶ͸¶־ȡ
䣡
̤ն𣬺˵ͷ캮ֶ¡
棬ɱ
Ϊܽô
䱻ȴ˵磬ϣŨ
ɢ֮ʱĺ˲ѡ
ҹ㡭߰ɡܹ꣬Ļǰָ㣬գĻǰϣһҪ
䡣
ӹɵ
ÿµŮˣ
Ͽգ֮ˣĿ¶ɵʵƺīʯ۹ϼһڵңǵ۹ܶԸ
ٿҹŮ˶֣ɹʵ
ҹ
Щȣĸ׵Ļϵˡ
غͥڳ֮ˣҲɾȡ
ʶңʶһ֣
˻Ƶݶ
ûлش𣬵źˣҲҹ
ҹںµӣҹеǳ˳еСƹϣ͸¶޾̰
ѵΪʤң
ҹᣬʡ
Ҹᡣ̾һ
ߣ
ҹɫһϵ֮ǣ嫵⾳֮֮
ΧɫĻ棬𽥵۳Ρ
츳ͨ
׼ʩչȫһս

ʱƮ촫ݶ
̤һҹ˲ɫɷףԭء
ǡ
ڳ֮ˣڣȻط֣ҹϣ鲼ȫ
ʱΧĺڻͨ˲ɢ
⾳֮͵֮Ҳή
㡭ԡˡʲô
ҹ˻Ƶ϶ǣɢһѪͱ̡
ûʲôѡ
Ŀƽ̧֣΢ɨҹ

ҹ˻ƵȻ
壬·һ΢ɨʼһѷ죬ϳء
ҹ


283 ᪵ľ
չ˺ɶ
ɱҹϵı˪Ϣ·Щܿأֻһ仰Ͷգʧ
Իعȥˡ
ǧƾ٣ѹڵı֮
ĸף
һûκνٺϲá
֪ĸ׸ղʩչôǿʵȻǡ
񣬱ǽһռǾ٣ҲδٰѹƱ֮ꡣ
á
غͥһȻĵǣǵĵǡ
ңһλѡ
߿֮ϣۿ֮ˣɢȥﻹźúõġ
Ŀһû뵽ҹɱˡǸŮˣʵǿ
̤֮ն뿪ʳǡ
ɶ˺أҺãµİɽָдƬԪʯвٵġ󻹵
󻹵ʥҩ
Ѫ󻹵˵ûãȬˡ
д󻹵ɶ˾ˣܿͻָࡣ
ָ󣬵һʱȥ˵عԼӣᡣ
ʱ˶Է֣ɫޱȡ
ƣĸڵΡ
Сƹѹ󣬵һʱ䣬ɶʹȥ˵عԼĸס
̫嶯ˣ壬˴֣
Ϊ֮̽СƹԻҡͷ
Ц绨û˿ڵ˼·͸
һΣ֣ңͿ̿
ңļңĸ
ֻҪܾԼļΣ֮УȻһҲֵˣοû
ƣ˵ϻĸΣ
ʣĵģĸ׵
ԭ٣ѹڱ֮ꡭΪĳ֣ѹһꡣ
Сƹ˵
һꣿ
ڵأֻһꣿ
ô̵ʱ䣬ôȥʳΪĸ׻ǣ
ƣûбİ취
ɶҲСƹʡ
Ĺģȳ٣罫ᵱԼĸס
ûİ취٣Ŀǰ뵽õİ취
СͷҡͷһĪ
ɶģĸײǻܻһôһʱ䣬ǳعĸ׾ͺˡᵹǱȳ˶Ҫÿ
ĸס
ĸԽˣԽʧ䡣
ĸûã뻨ѸʱȥТ˳ĸס
˭֪ʵ˲пᡣ
һꡭһꡭƣһʱ䣬ҵĸô
뿪ع󣬳ʼϵСƹ
һꣿôʱ䣬ֻһܡ
ʲôܣ
ǾǵΪĸ±ǵʣһڣٴν٣
˵˵û˵
üǸʣ뿪󣬾Ҳûл
ⶼȥ˶ʮꡣ
Ҫͻˡ
ϧĸչֵսڵıǣȫ⣬ã¾̤侳
Сƹ̾˿
µıǣټϳĸᣬǺ츳ͨǱ̤ͨ侳ֻСһ
պ̤侳Ҳǲܡ
ʵĵӡ侳ǿߡ
·ǰǶ£СƹĿ⸴ӡ
꣬Ҳ£ȴһֱкʵĻᡣ
ҪȻ츳ĳɾ;Ըߡ
ڣʵһݣռԶսҲ˵Ҷ˵ҪԶս
˵ٶҲûãΨҵһڽİ취
һƸ֣ѵͲܲһƣѹĸڵıǡ
ƣ
СƹԣһΪǴײ˰Ҫ֪ƣһҪǧ֧֣ҵԶսõơ¡֪һ˶೤ʱ䣬˶Դô
ңҲ˵ûôԴУڵʵҲԲơ
СƹĻ׼̲סЩʧ䡣
ѵû취ﵽĸˣ
һӣ鶼Ϊʧ䡣
ʼգɶڳң벻
ɶܶ£һ仰˵ĬĬڳǰ
һʱ󣬳˿ˮڣɶһֱǷȥ
ĸףҲϣӡ
ɶԲʱ䡭
ǸȻؿɶû˵꣬ͱɶס죺磬Ƿޣ֮䣬л֪ΪĸѹҲһ
ɶ
֣˶ݺݵر˻
ߣˡ
ӰεСƹʱ˵ؿˡ
ƣǸǰʱ䣬Ϊĸ׵£ҵе
￴СƹһǸ⡣
֮ǰңļĸ׵£СƹǺ֮֮ȥ
ˣⲻ顣
СƹߺһȥǵĶˣ˵ǲҲȥֻСĸˡ
һ
ƲİԼɹ˰ɣ
ǰڻ޾߳ƣߣ
ԽƸϵһ
λ֪ռ޵ʱ˵޵ɢɢ꣬ͬˡ
˵ڵߣѾȫԼ
һС֣ޱ
һȻ͸֮ǰ˺ܴ
ɹ᪹
ĺԺ᪹һˣƷζԼԺ
ͻȻǲʲôüͷһƣеıӡ

һӰ˺Ժ֮Уһˡ

˶Ա᪹
Σ᪹ʡ
īʯ۹ǿߣ˿Ц
ʲô
᪹üͷһ壺֪īʯ۹侳нˣʮǰһΪҹһ֮˻ع顣
ҹˣӦǵ侳ء
˵
ֻܲ²⣬ʵҹͼȥ̽ҹ
ҹҲˣ
᪹ԣ΢΢ݡ
ǡ˵ͷ
ôģ᪹ʡ
һҵһŮǿɱֱԵ
Ůǿߣ
᪹üͷɲŹڻ֮УŮǿߣɱ侳ߡ
Ǭ½УŮԣΪƣĸ棬ҪһЩ
ԣǬ½ǿУŮֻռٲ֡
ǻ߲֮ˣ侳֮ˣҲһŮԡ
˵ңһλɱ侳ߵŮǿߡ
òȡ
ǸŮǿߣΣ᪹ʡ
δ̤侳֮ˣ޷ϻͯòܴƲ͡
Ʋʮꡣ
˻һ˵
ô˵ʵͣҲġʮꡣ
᪹Ŀ˸Ϊɹλ֮һһʶ
ŮܱգҲͺʮҡ
£ѵôˣ
ʡ
£ʱ£ʱڣԡǱ첻в
᪹֣°ɡ
ǡ
æ˳ȥ


284 Ļʹ
ǱҪ治Ը㡣
뿪󣬱̾˿
ԳһֱкøС
ˣСһΪȴ˫˾ȡ
ǰʱ䣬ǲΪɹõ˾öƬ
öƬУһʺİƬ
г顣
ȻһΣç֮״ӡǱ˲ĳޡ
˽¶Գĵ飬ڳĹȥָơ
ʮʱīʯ۹µµԪݳǣһݣҪݳǴŵԡ
֮ɹԣٵǸ塣
䣬ϻڵٵ
Ȼ֪λָɹĺĵѡϣǽɱ
뿪Ԫżš
Ŵͷһ
ٴλȥŵţһһ
Ĺȥ˱һʾ
֮ˣʵһܻ
־ֻͣҪ϶£һƥͷ
һˣ״ӡǱ
һ״ӣԳɹĹףԳ˫츳
ȻǱֻ״ӡ
һܣֻһ֪
Ǿǡ
Ǳ˽ӣ
£ǱҲ֪
ڽǱӵɹ֮ǰҲû뵽յһҹӡ
ҡҡͷվ̤ڵ
īʯ۹ʳǡ
Ӱһͷһͷ
һˣһˣһλ޾׵Ůӣīʯ۹ʳǵĻʹ֮ϡ
䣡
˫һ̧µĵ֮Ρ
Ļ棬ŵ֮Ȼ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

īʯ۹ʹ˲ĹǵصĻ֮£ʮй˻ҽ
⻹㣬ɷưйӣǽΧй
ʲôˣҹīʯ۹ʹ
һȣԻʹ֮ڴ
һ۵ˣϡˣ̤ն
ϵۣԾīʯ۹ҵĵۻۣ˵ݣ֮
īʯ۹ҵĵۻʡ
ĳɣ
߿֮ϣµ⾳֮ϵغХ
īʯ۹ʹ֮ڣһȺ侳ߣֻоͷѹ֣ûն
īʯ۹ʹɴƻ֮ˣܿ⡣
֮ˣǵ侳ǿߡ
ңһĵ侳
Ǵˣ˼ɵֻҪԣǻԥ뿪
侳ǿߣɱǣһ򵥡
ңͥ
̤ͥǰһȫѹīʯ۹ۻĳɣµĵ֮⾳֮֮
īʯ۹ۻʺ֮ˣ׷ɫ䡣
ң
ĳɫ΢䣬ңͥô
λ棬ǰңȥô
ҵˣö˶վ
ðһĵ뷨
ѵ涼޷κң
˭˵ҳɱīʯ۹ҾŻĴģ
ʱ̤ǰһվͥ࣬ĳɡ
ǳ
ĳɫһ䣬ϵ֮ڶ
ɱ۰ľĴ֮ˡ
ôҹˣǻĴɱ
ﵭ˵
ҹ
ⲻ֮ô
ˣ
ֻĳɣĳĻҹҲ׷ɫ䡣
ҹǿīʯ۹ǿĴڡ
ʵܺͻһЩ߲⡣
˵ˣ
ĳɫͳޱȡ
ȻвԤУȷϣоֲͬ
涼ˣλ桭Ҳ׶༪١
ĳɵģɬޱȡ
ͷʲô
ʲô
ЦˣȻǣ˭ǰҳɱīʯ۹ҾŻӣ

ĳīʯ۹ۻʣ¶ֲţûɱҶ
ߣɱˣ³ϣ˵˭ҳ
һʡ

ĳͻȻЦЦīʯ۹һĿɿڴ
ɹúݣ
ĳɵ̶Įݶ
Į֮żֱࡣ
ɹ
ɫһȻô
ˣ߰ɡ
ɨĳɼһۣն
վס
ĳһ۹ҹһ
ߣ
ͥһһ֣嫵·һ磬ֱɡ
īʯ۹ĵ侳ߣһЩĩ
ǿߣҡ

Ӱǿƽīʯ۹ʹȥ
ʼգīʯ۹ʹһ˵Ҷ
ɹ
ĳۻʣ׷ŭˡ
ۻʣǸô˵ɹ
һ˵
ҿɱǵʵбҪǰɹбҪѣ
ĳһɨʵ
ʵĹʱͷ
ȷʵˡ
û뵽ɹһǰɹΪçֻعŭĳЩˡ
ʹĴС
Եۻ֮£һˣһá
ˣε£ҡ
￴أһǸȻ
£ףף⻹ǳϡ
ޱȡ
Լֻ˿ݹǵҹ۵Լĸףʣһʱ䡣
£ֲ㣬˭뵽ɹ˱ɣû֮ˣҲЩĵֶΡ
ɫˮ
һңɱȥ
ȻԷȷʵɹ֮һ
ֻ
ˣˣס׼뿪
ͻȻ￪ˡ
ţ￪ڣóüͷ
ǣ
ͥʡ
һΣɹĳЩ˵ıҲʹ˰ݡԣҾһ뿪ȽϺá
˵ûƽ鷳
С˵ʲôˣһˣ
صͺȣңҲ֪ĸ׵壬Ҳͼָһꡭѵһڶټô
˫۷졣
ĸס
á
ܣúСãЩСʱ޿̶ǣ㡣
Ҳ˵ңɹĳЩѾǰһϣѵΪ뿪ˣɹĳЩ˾ͻŹǣ
˵öԣҪǣɹĳЩˣ֮ǰȻҪīʯ۹ҵ֣㣬ҡҲ˵ĿŵôϾɹīʯ۹ΧڣЩڱġ
˾˵
̾˿ڣʶԼС
ָо̫̫ܣ
Ҫǿ
ǿ
Ψǿߣܲѹ
ܱߵˡ


285 ɨ
ﱾ뿪
֮أѡ
Ҳң
ֻǣĸ׾ô
Ƿ񶨵ġ
İɣɹĳЩˣһܴɹȻҪīʯ۹ҵ֣Ҳζţ㣬ֱӶǳ֡
ؿ˵
ͷ
ܿ죬һɢȥ
ֻǣûע⵽ɢȥڴһ࣬߳һӰ
һӰ
һˡ
ȣ˫ǳ
ɹݹˣԭǱɹģ
һ㲻Ͻ׳ţþƽ
ϳ
λˣǵīʯ۹ǿһսݹڵĻĴ侳УΨһ֮ˡ
ʱλҲˣΣڵϦ
ǳһö󻹵ű
ɹӣǿ⣬ȴҲҪΪݹ˳ڶɹƽʱôӣ͸ǣ
̤Я޾ŭ
֮
īʯ۹۶һ˵ϢԼΪµٶȣݿ
˵ûУɹĳЩˣҪԸҵĳԼ֣ǰīʯ۹ңݳɱ˾ŻĴ
˵ˣ˵īʯ۹ǲǿǰңȫˣ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ڻʣµĵ侳ǿߣһЩб
ߣֻбϾǵ侳ǿߣǻǵ͵㣬ջңûǺùӳԡ
˵ǣ˵ǡ
ɹĳЩˣʵ̫ˡ
ǰǰɹʥ֮أȴû뵽ʥ֮أҲİࡣ
ޣƨɹġ

Ϣܿ촫īʯ۹
ɹǳ׳ˡ
꣡
īʯ۹ңݻĽǴУۻʡĳɡ̧һ䣬µΣĩ
Ϣŭ
֮УվˣæȰ
λ۹÷зϢҲ˵ˡ£֮⣬ƺҲֻ֪Һܺ棬˭´ȥģ
ĳĿ
ȻҲʹɹϢˡ
Ǹˣīʯ۹ҵ
һ֮
ȫˡ
ֻǣȻʹɹȴҲףɹǵģīʯ۹ǵġ
Ҳ˵ҷƮҡȫʢʱڣҲҸɹŸɡ
֪࣬Ҳֻ̡
Ȼ£˴˳ȥ̲סŭ
ֻīʯ۹𣬻֮䣬ɹ
£¾Ǵȥģһ壬ᴫЩԻҲϢ
æ˵
ǣ˭
ĳɫһ
ңǸҲ֪°
ͬ˵ìͷֱָ
ãʮ꣬һΪ֮ˣçײ֮ôڱɹֱӶԸ
ĳֻͳһ棬ȴҲܿ϶ﲢçײ֮ˡ
Ϣȥ˭ûô
ڣֻϣɹ⴫ϢǵˣΪϢǴȥġȻǾ͵Ŵͷɣ
ĳɵͺһ޷Զֱӳ˽Ǵ
ҡ
īʯ۹Ϣһ
£һߣţԽԽţ󴫵ҵǿߣԺͻǿ߱⡣
ϾǿߣȻɱīʯ۹ҵļ󶥼ǿߡ
īʯ۹ң顣
īʯ۹ҵˣӦûôϢȥ
üյϢʱҲ𺳲ѡ
ȻϢ̧úܸߣۻʣȴһ㶼˲
ԡ
ľ֣ش֮
ϢҶԣ״
ϢӰ̫ˣȻᾪɹ
üͷҲ
ɹΪϢҴȥģʱ¾ճˡ
ͥɵ
ɹ
᪹ʱ䶼ƽޱȡ
գһӰһ㣬ֱӽ˱᪹ƽ

˶ԺԺһλ
£ɻ
²
ˣһˣɹλߵı᪹
᪹ü˻ţ
ǴϢīʯ۹ҵ£װ¶ˡ
˿Цڣ涼ɹΪų켺żϢīʯ۹ңȥԸҵ¡
ʲô
᪹ƽɫȻ䡣
ɹ֮һīʯ۹ػ
ȥīʯ۹֮˵ɹ߸ϣʥޱȣ¡
ɹҲһֱǰӪõ
ڣƺˡ
һУԴȥīʯ۹ҴǸϢ
ȥ̽Ϣ˭ȥģ
᪹ˣʡ
ҡͷȥֻǣ鵽īʯ۹۶ͶˡϢҲīʯ۹۶ġ˵᲻īʯ۹ҵˣ֪ࣿ
Ѿȥҹīʯ۹ҵˡ
᪹һ·µ£â˸

˻Ȼ򣺡ܣô˵ϢӦþīʯ۹ҷųģ
᪹ҡͷһ
᪣
ʱ᪹⣬һĮ
Ӱ᪹ʱɫ䣬æնӭ˹ȥ᪼ʦ塣
᪹⣬׷ͯյˣվ·ء
ˣɹ侳ǿߣڤ
񣬷ڤһ˫ӣ绯һ·ܴ͸᪵ģ᪣ģ
ڷڤǰ᪲˵ѣǣʦ塣
Ϳ
ڤɫһȵ
ʦ塣᪵ͷ
˵˵ɡ
ڤ᪣ǣǿҼ̱㴦״Ǳ£ףΪȥçİƬ
һ
Ȼһ㡣
λͨʦ壬Ȼע¡
ʦ塣
һЦֱԣǱҵ˽ӡ
ڤüͷһƣ˱һۣӦΨһðɣ
ǡ
᪵ͷ
ѹ֣ΪԸҪöɹй֮ΪɹЧͶ꣬£Ҳ׷ֻǣΣ£㶼øһɹһ
ڤԱ˵
ǣʦ塣
æӦףգǹʦһˡ
ʦ壡
ۿڤתȥ᪽ס
£ڤɨ˱һۡ
ʦ壬˵£֤ʵйأͳйء
̽ʡ
˭ܻɹҪΪһУۣ
ڤ仰̤Զȥ뱱᪶У᪣ϣε£һΡ
ǣʦ塣
æӦ


286 ͨ
峿йǰԺ
ͯŮŮվһŮӵΧһ΢ۡ


΢ᴵӭ澡ˬ
Ȼˬ΢һ䣬ķУХɨڲԶľʯϡ
΢Х𣬾ʯķѡ
ÿһʯ涼ͺǱޱȵĵӹһ㡣
У硭
һĻŮߵӣüͷ漴չ
ͻȻǰһΧһ˿˿΢縡֡
ͻȻЩ΢磬ַ·ʧȥ֧һ㣬ֱɢȥ
ǲһЩ
Ц
磬ƣͬĵƺٶȷƣҪٿ˽ɶ˵
˽
һ
š
ɶͷ̧һӣһգִ΢磬ɷУ㿴ûп۷ƣֻǽǣ΢磬𡣡
˽˽
֪ʱ˫ϣҲ֪Щʲô
ɶûдųվһԣĬĬغ
һӹȥûж
ʱȥﻹûж
һʱ֮ڳΧ𲽵سһ΢磬΢ͣᴵ˴һ֮С
һĻɶϣЦݡ
ɹˡ
ֻǣڵĳûת˼·ʶ̤ǰһ
ʱΧ΢磬Լٶ£󣬾γһȫɷƹɵ
䣡
µƣڳ
ƥĵƣҲӷε¶
µ˲ţԶһʯʱʯһ̼䣬ʯ֧飬һʯм
ں֮ƣ
˫ʶɵ⡷Լˡ
ں֮ƣ
켶似еֶΡ
ݹҲΨһ켶似
Ψλ֮ˣ켶似һ֮ˣ켶似
ȻҵķҲ΢ɼˣ˺һУں֮ƣǳ˺һԲ֮ƣ
ղŵһĻǣЦݡ
ɶ
תͷ̤ǰɶӵ˻ˡ
ʱ䣬ƣһֱɶָ㡣
ûɶָ㣬ţٸԼ£ҲδԺ͵ںϵķơ
洫÷зϢҲš
Ҳ֪˭Ϣȥ
ü
տʼﻹģɹˣ᲻ΪҴȥϢΪ߳ŭ
¹ȥ
ʱɹƽ
ͺûϢһ㡣
һӣɶżҲȥĸᡣ
üƷԪʯֱ
üƷԪʯɹĿõʯߣ˿ڵļԪ̨
ƷԪʯͼա
һöƷԪʯ̺Ԫʱ䣬һöƷԪʯʱ䶼Ҫ̡
ɶˣھֵ߲ͨĻռƷԪʯٶȸһǧ

ﻹɶϣͻȻһɿµûбصĳع
֮
﷢֣ɶģѾ
ǵ֮
侳еĵ֮
ɶ
ͻƵ侳ˣ
ͻƵ侳ɲǣ﷢֣ɶ棬һ㵭ɫ
ɫµɶԵˡ
ᡣ
ӡ
ڣɶһ֮˫
硣
ɶԳǳǳһЦ
ɶʲôʱ˷֮⾳
ʡ
ǵãɶķƣ˺һԲô
ɶ΢Ц磬ϴθҵķ֮⾳Ƭôö֮⾳Ƭҵ϶ȴﵽųϣû೤ʱ䣬Ҿͽ䳹׸ˡ
ųϣ
ɴ۾Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǵã͸ɶķ֮⾳Ƭǵɹһμ᪹ʱ᪹Ƭ
ֻ֪һöƫ򹥻ķ֮⾳Ƭʺɶ
ȴ뵽öƬɶķƣôߵ϶ȡ
Ҫ֪ƬϾԴߡ
һ˵ʺԼƬи϶Ⱦ㲻ˡ
ų϶ȣóҲò˼顣
ѹ֡
̾
ų϶ȵƬãܳ׸
ɶȥĸףȻ뿪ա
ɶ˵
šɶͷҲûȥġ
ȥģȥġ
ʹɽ𺣣ֻҪߣԹ޻ڡ
ع֮Уɶ̤
ס
ܿ죬ͷ֣ҲˣھУѶĻͨͷȵĻ棬Х䡣
ףϣܶĸ׳žһ㡣
ϣףĸ׵ˡ
̲סһ̾
ĸףʮһµʱ䡣
ΣȻֻһϣҲȥȡ
ĸ׺úõػȥ
ɶˡ
Ỻ˫һ΢ЦͲһ˶õˡ
ĸס
ɶǰ
ɶ㡭ͻˣ
ʱҲ˻ͨЩȵؿɶ
ǣסɶ΢Цͷ
СӣɶͻƵ侳ˣ㻹ֻ侳أöô
ȡЦ
ﵭһЦɶӣҺʲôñȵġ
磬Ϊֻ侳Ϊô
ʱЦˡ
ڳһʱῴߵɶɶ˵ǰɣ
ɶ˳һۣЦ绨ʲôĸס
Ϊ
ʡ
Ҳ˵һתǶ𣬺嫵֮
⡭
ۣҡͷѵ綼˵Сȷʵʵ
һЦףСѵϹ
ᡣ
ɶ̲סЦˡ
뿪ع󣬳ɶ׼뿪
Сӣ붪±߰ɣ
˸նһѸޱȵӰʹڵǵߣСƹơ
ƣʲôʱѵģ
һ
ǵãԴϴīʯ۹ǿһսһ˺󣬻֮Ȼܿת
ɽһӣǼΪ˯
ƽＸӰ
ߣȻǸѵģϴ̵Ǹ侳صС֣˯һ£ͨ¾ˡ
Сƹߺߵ
ͨ
ӣΪСƹ˯һֱͨ£ȴһֱҲᡣ
񣬳̲סʳеɻ󣺡ƣ˵ıͨͨ

Сƹͷ޵ıͨ
ʲôǱͨ
ͨһЩ츳ǿޣžеͨͨһ㶼ǵָͬ࣡ͨһ츳ͨкܴĲֻͬͨһ
һ
һߣʲôɲҪСͨеһҵıͨҲʶˣΣ


287 ڶ׺
ƵĻ̲סǰʱ龰
ΣͨõĶͬһֶΣֱӾͽ˸ˡ
ֶεһȴò˵š
һ￴Сƹǿ
ߣ
СƹЩ⣺ȻޣǴ˵ǱɾʵĴڡһͨޣҲͶñͨͬĶ֡īʯ۹ҵĵ侳ߣΪҵ㹻ǿ󣬱ܴͨ󡣡
Ȼ
ѹ֡
֮ǰ;ò˼顣
СƹҲͲ侳ضѣ̵侳ߣʵ𺳡
Ǹҹ̵
ʡ
ҹǵյǸˡ
Сƹԣǵ侳صĴڡ
СƹһձҪа̵˶Σ̵Ǹ侳صļһңǵ侳صļһñߵıͨ˯һ£
ΪͨܣҲҪʩչΪҵΪ̤侳أһ̵ָ侳ߡڣС
ͷ
ͨǿȴҲкܴơ
Сӣ׼ȥ
Сƹʡ
ȥѰص
Ѱ
Сƹһ㶣漴мڻʺĵطĻʲôطܱȵϱߵռݵԶսбߵİɽ䣬ƬƷԪʯӦоСѵΪ㻹ڻѰõĶ
ȥԻȥ
ﵭһЦǣɶ֣̤նûƶˣ뿪ʳǡ
Сƹԡ
һΣȷʵȥѰ
ĺɽһŲرͼ˵ļ£Ҹɽׯ֮йء
ʱ򣬳ͶŲرͼȤ
һо֮£﷢֣ŲرͼǵıڣǸطһ֮ڡ
Ϊ
ԳɶСƹٶȣܿͿĽ硣
ͼϱǵĵطڿһ˵ı߽磬߽֮⣬ڡ۹򡣡
Բرͼıǣָơ
աɶ»֮ͱۡĺһʱĺ˵
ļҵȱҲΪŲرͼǵıڣԶ
Ȼһ˹
ȫѶ
ԣļҵЩȱ˲⡣
Ҳīʯ۹µʢ
Χīʯ۹۹¾õĺҡ
һƬݲĻĮ
Į֮۹Ľ紦һһ߼ʵĺһͬʱҲǿһ
Ȼȴȥɾ
ΪͬʱҲǿ̸֮ɫĽء
һ侳ߣ̤УżΣգ侳µ߽ȥûġ
񣬳ɶСƹں֮ϡ

Ϊһȥһ͵ī⣬̾ڴ֮ϡ
ɶ̤ն䣬Сƹȥ
÷ḻĺƺû˿ɡ
ܿ죬ͷ⡣
һ·ѭŲرͼıڵأطֻǣ۳οҲʲôͬ
һͨĺ
Ԫʯ˵Ǳأﻹʲô
ҲͶһãֻ췲
۾ǿտһƬĺγһ㲻ϸߵĺɽ𣬻һĺӡ
ˡ
ڳ׼ǰʱСƹͻȻ̧ͷ档
ɶԣ̲סعͷȥ
ԶһΧһţС
ͺУʲôΣһ㡣
ϢɨڶԷûвǰ£̽һ˵Ϊ
侳أ侳ء
ףǰˡ
ۿ˷ǣҲΪ⣬ǣɶ֣ǰȥ
ˣǵȵȡ
ǣݺƤס˳ˡ
£
ͷü򿪿ڵŮӡ
Ůӳһ͡
ˣˣһŮӣǸˣԼĪʮҡ
ˣǸһ˪Ůӣʮꡣ
Ůӡ̲סһۡ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳أǻĵӣﲻ֡
ɶԷֻǿ֮ˡ
ٿһۣСҰڳ
Ů˪˵Ҳ֮µĺ
һĻ֪ŮΪǵͽӡ
ò˵ŮòҲٻǸģֻǡɶҪˡ
˼ҶûȤ
ﵭ˵
˵ʲô
ŮϣϢ֮
˵ҶûȤˡ
üŮˣ˻ɣ
磬ôˣ
ɶת
ûʲôɶ߰ɡ
ﰮһЦɶ֣Զȥ
ɢźϢŮӣϵЦݣνΪʡ
տʼΪǵͽӣҪɫƣ˭֪Էӣÿˡ
ǣɫ㡣
ݡͽӡߵŮӡ
ͽӡߵŮӣͺǴӻ߳һ㡣

ӣԶ续һŮȥķһԡ
ͬʱŮߵǸӣ˼ʡ
ߣ
ͬ˲ɢűϢŮӣϸǶาһ˪
˲
ˣҲǰΣգǻǻȥɡ
ŮӣƬ̣ӦԶĳ˴󺰡
ϣ¶ǳǳСѣɷǿɰ
лл
洫ǺЦһǰߡ
ŮӿһĻΪΡ
Ҫȥˣʱ£翴ıߣܵƬżԪʯɳĵط
¶˪Ůӣü
㣬ˣ
Ůߵ¶˪ŮǰЦ
߰ɡ
ӣع˵
һˣǰߡ
طƺЩŹ֣ղǸŮ˵ΣգҲ֪ʲô
ü
ٺ٣Сӣ֪ô
ʱСƹһ
֪ʡ
ȻСƹһµһӡ
˵
˲һ˲õǧơСƹ˵
ǧƣƶܲãǧ֮ˣҲܱ֮Ϊˡɻ
ߣСӣ㶮ʲôǧƵĸӳ̶ȣơңƴڵʱ䣬Բǧꡭû뵽У֮ˣҲһλƸ֡
Сƹͺһ˵Щп
һʲôƣʡ
һ󣬻˻ɱ󡣡
Сƹ˵ŲرͼǵĲرص㣬ܾ


288 
ƣӦܽƵɣɿʲôߣ
ʡ
ܸӣʱڣ޷͸еĹ졭ǻ취һɡ
Сƹ˵ȻӣΪߵΪޣ˲ʱΪƺ侳ԣҲɱһЩȽ侳ͽߡ
Ϊ侳ɱ侳
Щȡ
ߣʲôϡģڻ磬侳εƸ֣ƺɱ侳ǿߡֻҪкõġǿҲܲáСƹ˵
侳ߣɱ侳ǿߣ
ǰ췽ҹ̷
ȻԶսһۣƣҲһ˽⡣
ʲô
ߣ֮ǰԶսѰҵۿܵƣʲô죬֧ŵģ
ƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯһ֡
СƹĻȻԭ֧ƴ֮ͽС
Сġ
һ߸Сƹ˵Żһǰߣи˼֡
ɶѣæסŲ
ˡ
￴ԶĺīԺ۳һУͷ
ڣһȥͷơ
ͣ
ɶ̧֣һ۳Σ׾ٻС
Ѵ֮
ߣ
ʱСƹһ·һ磬ֱղеĺɫĵط
ûκγɣǣɶ֣ǣ֮׷ȥ
𡪡
СƹǸطޡ
Ѫſ֮۳ΣֱӺ˺ĵ档
䣡
һ죬޵֮֮һ޴Ŀ
Ӵ»Сƹ˿
ɶҲæȥ
ʱղСƹ򿪵ĿһּٶȣָһƬƽ̹ĺ
ʲôط
ۣһƬڣȫκζ
ڡ
Сƹ˵
һ
ȤȻǶСӣܵõǶĸٿɶʮꡣ
СƹС
һ𣺡棿
䣬żֲͼ
û뵽Ĳ
ϻѵƭ㲻ɣ
磬ɶһΪĸȡǶ
ɶģóＤƽ
ģֻҪûǶ߲ˡ
Сƹֵ
ǰˡ
Сƹڣ﷢֣īĿռ価ͷһƳɫĻ⡣
Ҿ˵ôӵ侳ܲóģԭΪⶫСƹ֮䣬·˿
ͺһԳɼԽѧ֪˳ԽԼˣΪף˳Խĳɼ
㻹û˵ʲô
ɶٶȼӿ˼֡
顣
Сƹ˵һΪѵõŵرΨɽ֮£пɡö飬Ϊǧơ١ѹĸڵıǶʮ꣡Ȼǰĸײٶñǵ
ĺ
˵ҪʲôΪĸ
ᣬȻ
ܿ죬һ鸽
͸ҫؿΧһööԪʯ
ЩԪʯ󲿷ֶƷԪʯ
һƷԪʯ
ݣ
ͻȻ﷢֣һף𣬾˺һСһƬֶ¡
ȻǺ档
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ͻȻΧԪʯһЩԪʯײͨС뿪
û´ղǼˣΪ˺ԪʯЩԪʯɲȶӡȥġСƹֵ
𡪡
Сƹ̧ͷһ𣬶ʱΧԪʯɢ
СӣȥðɣСĵ㡭飬֮ԣ侳ߣ¡Сƹѵ
СƹѣȻҴ⡣
ͼǣ飬˭֪տͱˡ
ס
Сƹһ
ô£ü
ô֪Ҳǵһμ飬ǰֻ˵Сƹ˵

ɶˣ֮ڽ
һ̣ɶһץץ
ϣûжκ˺
һĻóСƹһһ㶵ġ
ɶ
¶ȡ
㡭飿
Сƹ˼ؿɶԾһֻצҪȥ顣
ˡʱצϵĹëս

Сƹҽһæ£ɶĿ⣬¶ֲ졣

ɶ飬˵

Сƹҿû
磬Ҫȥһط
ʱɶֿˡ
Сƹױˡ
ɶں齻
ಣ
ܿ죬һһͷ֣ɶ飬Ȼ˺
һ˲䣬һͷҫ۵չ⡣
ߣ
ɶСƹæȥ飬նȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱƺܵ˼һ㣬Ĵ
֮УһƺĺɫĴӣ޿ײ롣

һиմ˲Ȼֹӵ壬ɫεĳǹֱӶ
ڣ
ŮӿһĻʱɫ䡣
ߣ
˪ŮӣŮӣʯߡ
ӣߵĹУһһɫɱ
һˣһʱֻʣˡ
ӲˣӲˡ
Ůҡͷۿ˷һīγɸʽرӡ
Ҳӵ˲䣬ֻоһᡣ
ٴۣȻط֣ԼڿУͬ飬Ҳߣһš
ѵˣӵ侳շе
һʱ䣬Ůͷ
û°ɣ
ֻǣͷܿͱһ顣
Ů̧ͷȥ״סˡ
ǰӣ֮ǰںǸô
ʱͱСȰϽ뿪
˭֪Է顣
ڣʲô
续һŮӣֻСƹڿзС
һΡ
Ů֣ôһ󣬾ʹճȫûüڣ߾ʹϤ
Ϊʲôң
ԭ˪ŮӣͱʧǣĿ⸴ӡ
ֻǾֻ˳
ɨŮһۣ˵ɶѾǺ֮ˣȥ
ǣ硣
ɶͷһ̧֣֮磬ڶŮϣǣ׹
ʱͷȥ
һƬ꣬װȥ
飬ΪǧƵĺĸһ뿪ǧƺȻ£鷢йԪʯֱĴһ̡


289 Ȼǡ
ķ磬ЯŮƽء
أ̲ס̧ͷʡ
ֻǣɶСƹûƶˣǶ֮ġ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͻȻ֮䣬ŮֻоһƬ𶯡
ԶΪصĺ׺µŰֹݡ
߰ɡ
ϲ˪ŮӣŮӡ
šŮӵͷ֮ʱ̲ס̧ͷʡ
㣬˵Ժǻټ𣿡
Ůһڴ
Ǻǣһˡ
ҡͷĿ⸴ޱȡ
գһ졣
ֻ˺ĶǵһĻòϣԶԼŮӣǰ붼û¡
Ҫģһ˫򸾵Ϊ
һ˫򸾣ͻûȴ侳һߣ𺳡
㣬˵ǻʲôˣ
Ůʡ
֪
ҡͷһ˫򸾵ݣҲ档
ףʲô
߿֮ϣɶСƹ֮
ֻǣ߷һ󣬾תֱ߶ȥ
ǱߣǱ۹
ܿ죬˱۹һֱ߷Ӷȥ
ɶСƹӰθȥ
ɶû˵Ҫȥʲô
պ󣬳̲סɶһ·ȥ·ûоͷ
ֻǸо֪ʲô
ɶҡͷ
ܿ죬﷢֣֪ʱԼѾһƬһ޼ʵĴɳĮһɳĮա
һ·棬Ϧ£ٶȣ
ˣ
ǳĵһͷ


ͻȻԶ̶ķХǰӶؿԶǾŵ쫷ɵĿɳ
ɳǧ֮⣬ϡԸоӭ洫ݶ硣
飬ֱɳǱ߶ȥ
ɶСƹǰУֱɳףµķХóҲǰ
Ȼ֮ܵˡ
磬Ҹȥ
ɶܾãʲôںҡ

˵ͷСһЩԿҪǿ
šɶͷȥ
СƹǰʮףԴ
Ψɶ̤ŵ쫷Ŀɳƽء
ϡԿûɳڣͬʱɶҲһ˽ȥ
ƣɿʲô
ƣɶɳϣɵġ
ŵ쫷磬죬Ȼγɡ
Сƹһ˫ɫͫףֱԵ
Ȼγɣ
һտʼŵ쫷γɵɳΪȻγɵĴȻ
ڣСƹĻ˵ȴˡ
ɶ
ҦңԶļ١
ɶٵһУö֪
СӣģȥǸǻСƹ·𿴳˳ĵĺͽǡ
ô֪
ߣǾŵ쫷磬ǿǷͨӵߣ˷֮⾳Ȼң޷˵侳һߡܿҲǵõǾŵ쫷Ĭ
ŵ쫷Ĭ쫷磬ѵǻ۲ɣ
üƣſڿӰɣ
Сӣ֮ǰ˵Ҳû˵ʲô˵ŵ쫷Ͳˣ
Сƹŭ塣
ʱţףԼżҲûá
ֻܵȴ
ȴɶƽ
֮󣬳﷢֣ŵ쫷ࡣ
ڵܿŵ쫷ɳһˡ
ѵǡôܣ
ʱСƹԶĿɿڴ·ʲôȴֲȷ
㷢ʲôʡ
ûʲô
СͷҡͷӦҲ´ˡ
չȥŵ쫷磬ɳҲ˶ͣЪɳɳĮ֮С
Զɫ·ҫɳĮ
ɫϿգ˸ҫ۵Ĺ⻪
䣡
ɫͻȻһգʧ
һ£Ů·ŮӣֳΡ
ɶ
￴ɶ¶ϲ֮ɫ
硣ɶҲӭ
޶ˣӵһ𣬾þòɿԷ
ﱧɶ֣̲ס˼֡
ɶٴ뿪һ㡣
ֻգȴ꣬ԸپڶΡ
ɶʱ䣬ʲô£
ڣɿɶʡ
֣ɶϣ·˼ı仯һʱ˵ɶʲô仯
ȫƾо
˵壬
Сƹɶʣǡ顯
飿
һСƹ
ƣ˵֪ô
֪飿ɶȵؿСƹ
顭㣬Ǻ
Сƹ̾
Ǵʲôգɶô£ɶ
أɶУ֪ȥ
ԭǵطҪҡ顱׼ȷ˵Ҫɶ顣
Ǿŵ쫷磬֮쫷硣
ɳԴ쫷硣
ɶ߽֮ɳ߽쫷磬Ϊ⡣
ʱ䣬ѾɶΪɶһ֡
Сӣ治飬ǲĸڱǵĴڣҪǣ飬Ҫǣ˵Ȼġǡ
Сƹ䣬żĽ
ǣ
ţǷǣǣһ㣬Ҳ۶ɣʿ֮˵ڡǣ֮ơ֮⾳֮֮ˣѸٵ֮衣
СƹĽͣȻ
ɶһԵ
ˣ飡
̧ͷ飬ûȥ˼˿
飬ǰĸѹڱǵĹؼ
磬ӦǻȥΪĸѹǡ
ɶԳ˵
Ӧˣ
о˼飺ܺ
š
ɶͷҵҾͿԺˡ
п
Ȼ֪һ;ޱߣ˸ֲ˼飬˸δ֪
Ȼ浽ʱΪ֮е𺳡
ಣಣಣ
ԶѸޱȵӰХ
óɶСƹ̲סĿ
侳
Сƹͷɫͫף¶ѪĹ⻪
ߡ
ûͻȻˣкɶСƹһնȥ
ɶ󣬷·ɶ˾
ˣӰζһȵĳǰ
ˣöӣǿ뿪
ˣһˣһüˣԳ˵һ仰Ŀȵɶ顣
бǣû
ﵭɨ˰üһۣǰӣɶλǰ·
ɶϸǳЦ¼٣˳ں档
СƹϳϷʵĿ⣬ɨˡ
ǣҲᡰ顱


290 ѩ
ˣû뵽ɶϡ
У¶̰򣬽顱Χ档
ûǣɶȥķȥ
ߣ
üһȣһ̧𣬵֮顣
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ϣ÷ڵĻ汩ǣ֮ʱճ˻ҽӰ١
ü˴סˡ
ˣҲٴС
ۿ׷ɶǲŷӦ̤նٴ˳ɶСƹ
СѾͷû´Ӧö˰ɣ뿪
ü˿ɶ˵
˭֪ɶȴûһ̧֣С
һĻüɫ¡

̤ǰһһɨüˣڣըס

üڣĿɿڴؿųΪԼˡ
㡭ҹ
üʶʡ

԰ü˵ѯʣ˲乤򣬳̤ն
ϣǶ
˵֮£侳أ̶侳ء
ֱ侳أͣ¡
侳أ
ˣʱɫ䡣
Ͳ󣬾һ侳Ϊ
ǣҲһ֮ң
տʼֻΪɶֻ侳ͽߡ
Сӡҳϣͣһ侳Ϊ츳˫ֻǣΪʸҶô
üЦˣЦſ
ͬ飬ҲЦˡ
û˵Ҫ㶯֡
Ļһ
˴˲䣬ɵͨ۳ΡŵɾŲ֮Ƶ
ֻҪɱ㡣
Įӳд
ͬһʱ䣬ķɵֶͨںһķƺ͵ƣһ
ŵӵµһ
꣡
ɲǼ䣬ü˵ĲϣһѪ
壬׹£
û뵽һ侳ߣƾɱ
޷Ӧ
ˣˣ侳صˣҲ̫˰ɣ

̤նαسֱ֣ӿ絽ͷ
ڳĽ£֮ƺ͵ںһ𣬰ŵɾŲ֮ƣµХ䡣

һˣִټ㿪ˡ
һˣֱӱɱ
ں֮ƣ죡
û뵽ں֮Ƶô󡣡
ԼҲЩȣտʼ֮÷ɵͨǵԶԸüˡ
ְüˣûκηӦͱɱʱں֮ƣҲһʶ
侳ΪϾŲ֮ƺں֮ƣɱ侳һߡ
Ŀ⣬һ˵ϡ
ͬ鱻ɱʱɫѴ䡣
ۿ˹û˿ս⣬ӣȴûӡ
ΪʶٶȣӣҲӲˡ
ಣ
Ӱֱɶڡ
ֻҪЮŮˣһ
˵ĶҲˣһ㵡
˵Ŀģܲµ
ֻǣôҲ뵽˻ᶢɶ

СƹϷʵؿˣͺһ
ֻϧ֮µˣûСƹĻ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ҪɶʱɶΧ֮⾳𣬵֮֡
ĵ֮֮⾳Χһµķ֡
侳
ɫ䣬ӻҪŮӣǵ侳ߣ
ǸӻҪ
Ҫˡ
ôôù
ȣ
˷·ʶԼ;ĩ·˫Ŀޱȣϵ֮ǣֱɶ
ɶҲˣķУ۳Σǵˡ
ݡ
ۿ˾Ҫ֣ɶķУӶ
һƶâƿն
꣡
ˣi˰ü˵ĺ󳾡

߰ɡ
£˵İɽָ𣬳кɶСƹ
̬
СƹųıӰ
뵱꣬ȫʢʱڣҲûں֮ơں⾳ںϰߣһҲںϰ塣
ȻˣҲ˵侳ʱԻɱ侳ߡ
͵֮ʵɱ䡣
ƺ⾳֮Ҳʵɱ䡣
ɳƾǹŹֵĿԵľŲ֮ƣں֮ƣӲǽ侳һ߶ɱˡ
ʵܺһ侳߱ˡ
۹һԪԣĺɽУĽȺ
Ǳ۹šѩڡפء
ƽѩڣգһƫ֮ڣŵܳһӣﻹ߬öѵĻ飬ϳ˻̿֡

һĸ֮ۡ⣬˻ûͻæ
У̺Ż
Фǿʲô
ѩ֮ۡ⣬ڴѩڵӣüͺȡ
мҪ
Фǿʧ̬ޱȣֱӴ֮ۡڡ
ֻϧǱѩڵ¡
Ǹʲô£һ˳е
Фǿһǣֱӽѩڵ𿪣һۡ
ѩڵӣɫһ
Фǿ̫ˣһ˵
ǲФǿ֣Фǿǣۡ£Ѿ޹ء
һֵƲԼĸϵ
Фǿçײ֮ˣʧ̬ѵķʲôˣ
ɡ
֮ۡڣФǿһֱǰĴߡ
Фǿôĵӣ
䣬ȵϢòͨȴʷǷӣФǿǰ
ˣλ̫ϳϡ
Фǿ̧֣öѵĻ飬ǰ
ӣǱ۹ѩڵ񣬿öѵĻ飬ϸ֮̽ɫױˡ
λʦ桭Ȼ
ˮ˫ɲǼóޱȡ
ʲôʱ£
һ֣ӥץСһץסФǿ˫硣
Фǿ£·Ҫı۰˺ѣڸոգڸոա
£֮⣬û߱˰ɣ
Ŀʵ
ûûСФǿæҡͷ
ܺãȥɣ£͵ûз
ſФǿФǿظæ˳ۡ
λʦ棬ȫˡʲôˣ˺֣ѵǻҵˣ
ǧ󽫻ɵĿ⣬˱۹ϡ
ֻǣΪҪԸѩڣ
ûκɡ
ңѵͲǻ£
Ҫ֪ѩڣλ̫ϳǵ侳ǿ֮⣬һλҲڻ
ֻƽʱûѩڶѡ
λȱǻ֮һ۹ػ̫ܽڵĿ乩
ƽʱ̫ܽ
£֪ͨʦˡʦ棬Ͼǰüʦ׸硣
̾˿öѵĻ飬ն
뿪ѩں󣬱һ·̫ܽڵķȥٶȼ죬һ硣
ֻϣλʦʱԹ֮ˣṩһЩȻҪҳ֣ڴ롣


291 Ѫƹ
뿪۹󣬳Ƽ
޲ýѸͻңΪǧƾٵĸ
СƹԣΪٿ԰ĸʮꡣ
ʮʱ䡣
ܳԣ
һȥҵʣ붯ʳ֣ĸڵġǡ
ʱæȥ֮ʱһ⽵͵ķеĸ߶ȣԸ¿Ĵء
ռݵһ㡣
ۣһЩС򣬸һγԶľ룬һУ
УӦǿĻʳǡ
һ·ϣҲƽڲӰ·ǰϣﾡ鸩ŽµĴء
ʱԶһֺĴǣǰ
ǣ˿ʳǡ
Сӣ
ʱСƹˣһ˫ɫͫףֳּ
ô
ɻ
ҸоˣµһЩǰеĸо
Сƹ΢˵
㵱µĶ
סˣСƹߡµĶǰµĶ
ڣ
ûиࣿ
ʱҲôûо
ʡ
ӦǾ⣬ڣҲֻоһ˿иУȥ
Сƹ˵ţҲȳӦǰĴǸ䡣
磬Ҳȥɡ
һεĳɶ΢Ц
ˡСƹҲ¡
ܿ죬СƹһĽ֮ϡ֮⡣ΧˡΪ֡
ˣ˵ûջҾٰᣬͨ
ͨǿǱȾ鵤ѵõ鵤áӰ죬ǼΪѵõ
ҾȻͨҲóѵã

ȺдóȻ
ԭһĽС
СӣܸоҪҵĶ棡
СƹĿ⣬˸ĹЩܡ
գǿʳһһȵĻᣬһᣬٹĿÿʱ򣬿֮ˣһ̨
УһЩǿߡ
գˡ
᳡ˡ
¥¶Ĵİᣬ˸ĸ߲
᳡ĸ̨ϣˣӹ׼Ʒչ˵ǰ
һöָӲɣ
һۣ֪һ
ףָ
ȷʵ񡣡
ָȻϣò˵һ߶ԣдá

һʱ䣬ڳһЩˣ̲סĶ
еĴ󲿷ˣûָ
ʱ˿ˣλöָһöָ
ܣ
ڳ֮ˣ׷סˣǲָȷ
ǣֻҪһ飬֪ǲָ
Ƿָһ֪̽

ʱ᳡
λ밲
̧֣᳡ָ˰ͬʱ˵öָָż֮ͬûĺۼǣ֮ϣ·һɼΪص˿
öָǻڰǰãһֱ̽аءֻǣǻǿ߿϶öָ˳һöָӦ̲˷Ƿ֮ֻϧǹصơ
һΣǻҽóҲǾԵˡ
˵Ļڳ֮ˣ׷ײмԭһö޷򿪵ָɨˡ
ʲôЦ˵ʲôԵˣǻǿƣû취ôܽ俪
öָ˵һ

᳡һ궯
˿ЦȻ뵽һĻʱΡ
λλöָǻҵǿƲ⣬ٴ꣬˵һŶǡ
˼ֻǣܿȻֹ
䣡
һ죬᳡֮ϴש䣬᳡ݶֱӱһ
̧ͷȥֻ֮ϣһһŮӰն䡣
һһŮ侳һߣˡ
رеİŮӣòɣ绪
ಣ
ʱֿһֻɫС˸̨ϵˣһھͽĹӽָߡ
˶ˡ
һǹᵷҵģ
û˻Ϊǽٲƣǽ٣ҲڶһöõĽָɣ
ʲôˣ
˷Ӧɫһ䣬ֱӳˡ
䣡
ڳֻ֮һһŮеǸӣ̧֣µһţֱӱɳȥ
һĶҲ
˴᳡֮߳߳һˣг˼ɵ
öָҪˡ
ﵭɨһ̧ۣ֣öԪʯ
ͫһƷԪʯ
öƷԪʯ
᳡֮ˣ׷׷ˣǶ¥֮ˣҲ̲ס࿴˳һۡ
һ־öƷԪʯ
ѵīʯ۹۹֮ˣ
ƣ߰ɡ
Сƹһۣǣɶ֣
ֻ᳡һˣĿɿڴ
ȥ磬ȡһöûʲôõĽָöƷԪʯ
ԣ
ܿ죬־òˡ
ѵǸаտöָ
ҪȻΪλöƷԪʯȡ
߿֮ϣɶСƹһ·ȥ
Сӣ
СƹһſָǸղ᳡Ľָ
ｫָӹ˵ĸиеĶ
СƹͷҵָһָĵѪͬöָڻ磬һЩãһöָռҲԶһָ
ָ
ĿһҲ˵öָԵ꿪ʼڣû˿
ϾСƹҲߵ꣬û
ѾĨӡǣţҵΪ׼ʮöȡƫۺһöңȷš
Сƹֵ
ͷܿ죬סˣ⡭ô
Сƹ㼯оڽָϣʮˡ
ܿ죬͸оԼָϵ
һͷһ޴Ŀռ䣬ǰ
֣ռڣҲкܶԪʯٲƬ
һЩ似
ģʮö
ʮöۺģɫģкɫġ
϶Щͬһ
ܿ죬СƹĻȡöۺ
Сƹȡһھȥ
˲䣬Сƹһɺɫɱ֮⡣
ʲô
ʣиּڴ
ѪƹҵֲһöۺѪƹտɳɣÿһգҪһѪҺࡣɫѪƹտɳɣɫѪƹǧտɳɡ
СƹĻڳߣëȻ
ʮöѪƹҪ˵ѪҺɣ


292 겻
СӣѪƹȻֻǿ壬һ»ᱬϾ޳侳࣬һѪƹȻ𲻵ǿãҲ㳢ζ
СƹҪøһö
һ㻹Լðɡ
ԼǿãѪƹ
СƹԣԶá
̣;ëȻ
ߣʶѾͷҿҲҪҪöСƹֿɶʡ
һ˫ɫͫףԼż⡣
ƣ㲻˵û޳侳ãᱬô
￴Сƹɶʱü
֪޳侳ࣿ
Сƹ˵
ɶ㡭￴ɶЩȡ
磬һöɡ
ɶԳ˵
ɶӳõһöѪƹºһµҲ˼Ѫɫתʧ
Ѿͷɣٺ١
Сƹ
ɶ˵ͷ
ҡͷǰôûɶҲ档
ܿ죬һ
һ·ʳǸȥ
հʱ֣ڻص˻ʳǸ
ֱն롣
Ȼܿ죬ͷֲˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʹ򣬴һ֮ԶԶȥʹϿյƶ
ڽž˵Ĵս
ã
ɫ䣬һŲ֮ȫж
ɶ󣬷Ӷ
Ҫ˯һˡ
СƹһҲȥ
ûԶԶأͲһɴ̹ǵĺ⣬ϯ
ؿԶĸµı֮׶Хһ˵嶴
֮ٶֶ£һ˶ᡣ
һ̣飬֮ѣ
ĸף
ɫ䣬ĸ׾ֳˡ
ңһγ֣ǿһΡ
ңһٵĶ֣ǰһεĶָǿ


ıϢ·ᡣ
ӣ
Զ߿֮ϣһȴ
Գԣİ
Զеһˣ˵֮ˣɹʵĵӦ
ӦǱѡ
һˣһˡ
ӦˣӴܡ
ӦٶȣΪ£ת۾͵Զûƶˡ
һˣĸᣬֱɱ
Ѫ䳤ա
ɹ
ҡҡ׹ĸףԼɢܣɫ԰׵ĸס˺ʹˡ
оԼڲ
Ӧȫˣɹˣˣ
УѪĳޡ
ĸף
ܿ죬ͷ֣ĸ׵壬𽥵ɢ
󣬻ı˪һ㣬һö顱֮ϡ

ľȣ֮նֺҲŲסȻ䡣
ף
̤նһ̧֣嫵ǣų¸߿ա
ã
غͥҲ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ĸף
￴Զı飬Ѫ֣ؾҪȥӹ
û뵽պĸദãĸ׾˴ѡ
ʹųš
ѹޱȡ
ĸס
ɶҲ˳ߣ˫ˮ䡣
ᣬ䲻ĸȴʤĸ
罫ᵱס
Сӣס֣
ʱСƹһóæջ֡
һʧǡ
ĸףûˡ
һΣΪѰ飬Ϊĸʮ꣬ȴû뵽ͻ˱ʡ
ɹˣͻ
ȫ˼档
Сӣģĸײû
Сƹֵ
ʲô
Сƹһ仰óɶĿ
ǲԶغֵͥܶˣҲ׷׼
ƣʱЦ
ͳޱȣĸףۿɢġ
ĸȷʵȥˡ
飬ΪСƹһ仰ӵãִõ
Сӣ߻û㿪Цĸףֻǻ˱ǵһ֡꣬شڱ֮УһУһ
СƹЩˣСӣ
ô£
ϣСƹߡ
ߵ꣬ԶսڣŲࡣ
꣬û˱߸Ϥ
ߣ֪ܿˡ
Сƹͺһϣһ֮öġǡڡ
˵ˡ
СƹͻȻ˵Ҳ֪ڸ˭˵
ɶ
ʱһƮԱڴ
ĸף
ɶһ㻹ţ

ʱָһЩĳҲնĻһ
ӻţţ
ܿ죬ֳ׳
￴СƹûʣСƹ˵꣬Ѿ˳˯κˣȥǣһ飬֮𣡡
СƹĻڳ֮ˣɫŨ
ǣԣҲһ¡
ͻȻСƹ˵
ڳ¶ʱǣֻҪһղبų桭ûƣȻҪñǱٲҪЩ£ȻãǾͻѡ
ˣ׷ɫ䡣
Ҫôʵ¹òġ
ɶصˣҲСƹ
һΪһƣƣҪΪ
˵Сƹɶŵ顣
ɶԣæ顣
Ƭ֮ɶͷû⡣
СƹͷȻˣҾͿʼСӣҪŰپʮöƷԪʯ
ŰپʮöƷԪʯ
֪ҵ׵ĳˣ̲סһ
á
ͷһ֣ǧöƷԪʯֳ
һ顢ǣԼŰپʮöƷԪʯһơԭڵʵҪƣܡȻͱΪƣ¡
СƹȻ˵
ƣ
ڳԣɵһ
Ҳ˻Сƹ
ǧơ١Сƹ죬غ֪ͥСƹĵϸҲ˵Ļ


Сƹɫ˫ֳͫһĹ
һ̣ϣ֮Х
ȡǧöƷԪʯʱоŰپʮö˳ŰپʮöƷԪʯСƹĵֱ֮ӷӶ
ǴһԲģΧɢ
ʳǡ
ʲô
֣ƵĶѵҪһʳǵƣ
ֻǣƣΪ˱ǲô
ΪҪô
е⡣
ܿ죬ʮöƷԪʯû˻ʳ֮ϵգʧ
ȣЩƷԪʯʩչֶΣ

ʱ͵ĵ֮ͱǣǣ׹¡
СƹҲն䡣
æȥ
ܿ죬Ǿͷ֣СƹʹмĽǴ֮ϡ


293 ơֻء
Ǵ֮ϣľԶ
ǵĿУҧһ˶ҹ飬Щҹ飬ÿҹ˸ҫ۵Ĺԡ
ҵ챦
𡪡
Сƹͺ𣬶ʱҹֱӱ顣
һУֵǵҹ飬ˡ
ֻǣһ̣ڳ֮ˣû˾ʲôҹȻ󣬶Ƕԣȴ㲻ʲô
ʲôûΪ᲼Ҫ
ಣಣ
ͱǣСƹĿ֮£öҹλá
ãֻһˡ
Сƹ˿ܿ죬ٴ˶
ľУź֮߱䣬ͻȻһڶڶתţγɡСѸתɢ
ǵ֮עС
Сƹ˵
û룬һХ˺ڶ󱻺ɫ̵
ɫУͺһ޵׶
ɶų֡
Ȼ󣬾Ǹͨ󻹵ָЩĳغͥˣҲ׷׳֡
ֻǣ㼸ڵȫУɫУתš
һ㣬һ㡣
СƹԼĵ֮Ҳк̲סü侳߽ߣӦҲ㹻ˡ
ҽ
ת׼½Ǵĵ
ʱԶӰӶ¡
ǡ
硢ɺ˾磬׷
ͬʱ֣ӿ˺ɫУɫ֮ʧ
ݣݣ
ʱĿ֮£һһöӣͻȻȫֱͬ
䡪
˲䣬һһֱը
ըɢķ
ǼƷԪʯ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ԶյһЩƷԪʯ³̵֣ͱǻ
ˣơֻءˡ
Сƹ˵
ֻأһ
ûСƹڣԱߵüɹλȥһζǿǰǿ¶Ҫ뿪ʳǣǷ֮ƶ
һڣ˻Ȼ
ǰǿɹǣԿ⡣
Զʳȥѣüޡ
޷ƶСƹҡͷ
Ҹղôû¡
üһ𣺡ɹ֮˵ƻ
ߣǻû
Сƹͺһͳαǹơֻء侳ߣҲֻ޲ߡҪƿֻأ侳ǿߣɹҲһ侳һ߶ѡ
һ
رءͥȲ֪Сƹϸ֮ˣСƹĿ⣬ֶ˼ֲͬ
ƶܹ졭ѵǡ
硢ɺ˾磬һۣ¶Ĺ⻪
Զ뵽һطȥˡ
磬Ҳ뿪ˣ
￴ˣʡ
ЦɹǿߣӦΪףң߲ơס˺ͶǴӵعĸ뿪ȴ뵽ĸֱӻǣԼ뿪˵ع
ˣĸأ
ΧûĸӰ
̾˿һ۲Զıǣĸǡ
ô£
ɫ䣬ɺ˾磬ҲǸղŵعתãһͷСƹڲ
ȴ֪֮ǰʲô¡
֮ǰ£֪磬һĿɹ
ɫޱȡ
û뵽ĸΪ˱ңΪ˱ǣôĴۡ
御٣ֻꡣ
ڱڣ˳˯
ô£ɹˣôͻȻ
ʡ
ܿ죬ӶصĿУ֪ܿȥ
ԭɹһΪչɹϣҸ
ڶҳֵԭҲû뵽
֮ˣɢҥԣɹ
ԭǸɹ˺Ϣǻ֮˴ȥģңǸˣҲʶ
ӡ
Ĵ󹩷֮һ
īʯ۹ǿ߽٣ݹڵ󹩷
ֻһˡ
һΣ͵ǵĶԻӶ⵽īʯ۹ȥǸϢ
ӣɹӦɱ
ˣﵱ
Ӧɹǿ֣߳غ֮ͥʣˡ
޼ɵضñǵԿµʵɱ˳Ӧ֮ĸɹǿߡ
ʱû
صˮ
ɹ
УɭȻĳ޻档
׼׼Ǽ뿪
ʱֿˡ
˵ͷ
ΪҪ뿪Сƹ˵
ƣɹǿƣӦȥһģ¾Ͳǵˣܶή١
ɵ˵
ɹĹÿһǼΪµĴڡ
㣬˿ɡ
رɹǿߣ侳ǿߡڤֻ룬;ò
侳ǿߣɱǣ׾١
ݡ
Ϊ뿪߱ǲ¾ˡ
Сƹ˵˵꣬йȥơֻءͦˣúúòˡ
ڣĿɿڴ
СԳơߡǡ
翴ʳɻ
ɺ˾磬Ҳ
ﵱȻ֪˲µˣûϸ˵ȴҲ˵ͷˡ
Ȼ˵û£Ӧû¡
˿
ȥϢɡҲ֪Ƶϸġ
ô£غͥЩ£Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȻҲϣֻȷʵͨ
ٵ飬غǵ
òء
ףˣİɡɿغͥ΢Ц
СƹǸˣôаգκ⡣
Сغͥ
ơ
ɫصͷ
˲²⡣
Ʋõơֻءûô򵥡
ɹ᪹

һӰ˱᪹⣬ԵЩǱ

᪹ڣӶһӰȻ֣Ӧʲôˣ
ˣʵӦ
ӵΨһһɹ֮ˡ
֮⣬ͬȥļλ
ӦЦ
ʲô
᪹ˣǱ᪹ӦĻʱɫ䣺ôܣǼˣǵ侳߽һʵīʯ۹Ǹҹر㣬һΪ侳أѵ޷ԸһССң
ˣǸŮˣ̫ˡͲǵ侳ߣʵǵ侳һġ
ӦЦ
Ϊɹʵôãǵһôµǿߡ
һ֮ͨ쳹ء
Ӧ΢ЩҲҪԶҡ
侳أ
᪹ԣɫһҪʦˣѾ׳ҵĹơ
᪹ĻӦĿ⸴ӡ
һɹңĸˡ
磬ɡ
Ӧ̲ס̾
̲סɹչֳ츳ˣҵˡ


294 
ʱ䣬ҿνǶ֮
Ĵ侳ս
һȺ侳ȴֵʸûС
侳֮侳Բ֡
ˣ˵ûīʯ۹ǿαĻһˣɹı¶ɹһжﵽϣգɹǿ߸ǺƵ˵Ļɹһ
һ
٣ǲ֪˰ɣɹУԼʵǿǸǵ侳߽һ
찡侳߽ס侳ͽףҶ룬侳߽ǿߣжǿ
侳߽һΣ󻹲Ǳȥ˵ɹ˼ֻʣʵӦǱӣȫս
û뵽Իֻīʯ۹κβңɹҲκβҡ
ߣɹ֮һƨ磡

ʳǣľ¥֮УƵۡ
ɱɹǿߵ£ܿ촫ݿ
ʳ¥֮һ˪¥
¥֮УضԶһүķԸʳǣɹǿսϢ
ܺããܴɹǱߡߣɹ㲻ҪôΣһͽ泹˺ã
У͸¶ַ
׿վһԣڵĳԴĵһ˿⡣
£лˡ
վ֮⣬̧֮䣬öԪʯȥɡ
ǰöԪʯ׿ͫһƷԪʯ
лү
׿һм
漴ڳҪųȥǰ׿үЩҲ֪˵˵
ţ
￴׿˵
׿һһ߿ųɫһ˵үˡֱԣ»һŭɹǵǿߣһ̣ܾͻǿˣʱ
֪㵣ʲôֻǣ㿴Ѱ·ô
ҡͷһЦȥ
ڳϣΪǿš
ѵǿܶԸɹĹǿߣݴţɹĹǵ侳һ
׿Щš
ңʲôʱôµĵ̣
ʳǣӿĴ֮ϣʤѩŮӣΧˣԾɢÿһ·

һ£òɣǡṫ֮ӣүӰɣ
Ҳ˵ӦүӣɶС㡣

Χ֮ˣ۷׷ʱ
һʤѩŮӣǲʲôľɫգųһ˿ߵ΢Ц
Χӣ׷״ˡ
ֱŮԶȥʧ·ľͷǲŷӦ
ɶôˣ
ճ¥ĳͿɶԶ
磬ɶΪ뿪ˡ
ɵѾͷֻǳ¡
ͯŮһŮĽĿУʹȥ
ʳǴϢܿʹīʯ۹
ֻһʱ䣬īʯ۹֪ɹǲǿǰңȫ¡
ôܣ
īʯ۹ʳǣʹ֮Уۻʡĳɡ֪Ϣ󣬵һʱǲš
ңɹĵǿ߶塣
Ǽǿ¾һգ
ʱʶΪīʯ۹ҵ棬侳صġҹᱻɱ
ɹļˣοīʯ۹ҵ档
ߣɹ
𾪹ĳʹޱȡ
Щֻ
桰ҹλ֮벻˸ϵ
Ȼĳɿɹ֮˹ųϢīʯ۹ңҲں˺
һУԴɹ
Ȼīʯ۹ҵҵɱģ޵ģɹ
Ҳ֪ңôɱɹĵǿҲˣ£ɹ֪һ㡣
ĳҡͷЩڴ
ң̫ʧ
ɹ
ڹѲӵɹӣȺ۷׷ףɹ˼λǰң
˵ֻӦ˳ȫˡ
ѹûԭˡ
һСĻң˿µս
֪ɻǵóɣ
ȻǵãҲɹĺĵӣ츳˵áôˣ
ٺ٣϶֪ˣǳеǸСĻҡ
ɹ֣ѲΪˣ

ǿߣʵӦ֮⣬
ϢɹܿԸΪµٶȣɹ
ʦ壬ң̫
һɽ۵Ĺ֮⣬᪹磬ɫޱȡ
ߣλˡ
һһݡ
ʦ壬ȥɹϣڡ
ʦ
ˣҲæڡ
Ƕˣɹλ

֮У𵴡
һӰһ㣬ͻأڱ˵ǰ
ʦ塣
ˣæǰ
ˣһ˰ɡ
ڤϣϲŭ
ѹֵУԴĵ׵ŭ
ĵӰĿǣն뿪ɹһ·ϣֱڵķȥ
ʳǣҡ
һй֮ڡ
ƣ֮⣬磿
ɶһߣſڵϵСƹʡ
ڻ磬˺档
Ȼпᣬǿʳǿơ
Сƹؿ˳һۣ˵
˵˵ڰ˵˵㣬һ·뿪˻ʲô硣
üʡ
СӣˣѾû뿪ˡ磬粻֪ʲôı仯
Сƹ˷ۣ˸Ƿ˯
Ȼ
ǰȥ׺ɣض˷ǡ
ͻȻСƹǴ˼Ѫһ㣬վ𣬹ЦСӣųȥˡ㣬ѾϹˡ
㣿һ
𡫡
Сƹͺһʱһϳǰ
ʲôʱ˾ơ
žЩȻ
ߣơֻءҾͲ޿ײľƣʳǣֻҪǷյĿռ䣬һͷܹľ񡣡
Сƹ
᪣
ܿ죬УӰ
һˣɫһ
˵ǰˣĴ漸־ηĻڣֻǻĳޡ
ɹ˸īʯ۹ͨ籨ţݺɱĴ
ڳ￴ʮ֮˾žǱ˴ȥġ
᪵ĿģҪīʯ۹ҵɱֻϧīʯ۹ңվûǸ
˭
Ŀ⣬˱᪵ߡ
߻һˣݣ硣
ףܺͱվͬһ߶ȣñƽȶԴ֮ˣһ㡣
ˣпҲɹĹ


295 ڤ
ɹĴֻ᪺ͷڤˣˣûм
ߵˣӦþɹһ
㣬ûơֻءͨϿǺˡ
Сƹ˵
ӦǸ侳ǿߡڤһɹ
üͷһƣƲ
ţҲú͸ס˺ͶһӭǵĿˡ
֮䣬̤ն
ɶȥ
ϣ㣬ܾϹҪȻûôˡ
Сƹһ˳ɶ
ʹ߿֮ϡ
ڳ£ۻأԼͥͳ׷̤ն
ɡ˾磬Ҳ
ܿ죬һ˾ɹǰˣŶ
᪹
ɡ˾翴ɫ΢
׼ľ
᪣ɹһǿߣֻӵĴڣԽҡ
᪣û뵽ˡ￴᪣ڡ

ųĿ⸴ӣյһۿ㡣Ҿ֪㲻ƽʵ֤ҵĲ²ȷġֻϧ̫â¶ˡ
â¶
Цˣ᪹ҵǺ棬ҷâ¶ɹΪҳ״ǱӶأ
Ｘ᪵ܿģһһ

᪱һ
Ϊɹ֮꣬ˣ˭ǰ˴СС

ﲻм᪣ѲɹӣǾʹ촰˵գȥīʯ۹ͨ籨ţҳɱǵľŻӡĴ
ɫһϣҵ
ϣ߻ɹڣԿڡ
Ͼ£ǫ̀档
ݵˣüЩؿһ۱᪡
ĴţҲš
ֻû뵽Ǹīʯ۹ҳֶԸңԸ֮ˣǱ᪡
о˼顣
ʶ᪶꣬˵ֱ֮᪲µˡ
ǣ᪹Ĭˡ
Ŀ⣬Ȼһ䣬ޱȣ᪣׻˵ʦǱ״ӣҲİӣӲϣǱΪһ˽ΪɹЩԶսΪɹƴɱй֮˵İƬɱй֮ˣν޿ˡ
ҲҪΪɱçֻһ쾭壡
Ȼģ
һһ䣬ñɫޱȣϵ֮֮
Ҿ˵ҵĵǱɹʽӣɹδçһӣڣѡһǻһѡ񡣡
ѹеŭֻһͳˡ
ڣҲ߶һɹ͡

Цһʽӣӡѵ״ǱˣçͲˣЦ
㻤̣ԸϳǱҲˡ
Ŀ絶ڱ᪵ϣΪҪҳҳɹй޹պĵǱвɹɱûô뾡취赶ɱˡ
ɹ᪹ƽ߸ϣȴҲЩСоʵڿЦ
֮䣬˿顣
˺ˡ
ҲٻϽ͡
˵ٶ࣬Թٶ࣬գĽѾע
ƽؿųһ̣·ٱӰ쵽ɻʲôҪ˵ģ㵱ɹ󹦣ɹĶ͡
һɹҵĶ͡
ЦˣЦòޱȣͻȻ̺ź嫵䳤գ᪣ɹֱ޳оȴ֪ڤ֪飿ֻڤ֪һУһֱڰ㡭ڤһ㣬ֻ޳С˶ѣ
̺һʱʳǡ
һʱ䣬ʳǵ˶ʶɹǿٴνˡ
һεǿ߽ٺһΣɹվڶĴڣǿߣԽ١
˪¥
¥һᣬŻʹķ
׿վڴǰĿ⸴ӣүĿĴﵽˣҲ֪Ƿӹһ١

ﻰһ䣬᪺ߵˣϵ֮ǣµ⾳֮ӿӿ˳һˡ
ƣ׼㣬Ҳһˡ
ʱһƵĳСƹ
ס
Сƹɫͫף˸Ĺ

ȻھʱһӰ¡
˱˵ǰ
ʦ塣
ˣ˶ʱһ֮⾳֮

ˣǷڤɹ侳ǿߡ
ƽؿų㲻ɹϿЦ
ɹϣ
Цˣڤȥɹ˱㡣գҲɹĵѡΣϻҹϮɱң֣ɱ
Զս֣ɽׯׯɱׯˣΪһΪѣ
ȻڤΪΪҳΪɹҳǳ顣ֻǣգҲò˵㣬ʧ
˵̾˿
üͺȡ
ڤһЦԣγ֣Ϊɹ˵ҵĴڣΪɹдЩ꣬Ϊɹͣڹ
ڹ
ЦˣշڤԣҳﲻҲɹйѵɹرҵģرһɱ¾
˵ˣǼ£Ǳ᪴ĹɹǡΪɹ϶
ڤֵ
Ϊɹ϶ȴ֪ڤҪΣ
ϵЦ˷̡
Ȯ
ڤĻܼ򵥣ֻĸ֡
֤Ҫҵľġ
䡪
ɲǼ䣬ڷڤΧ޾֣·ѡ
ڤˡ
һˣٸһѹͷ£Զ
⣬侳
ƣﱩȡ
¡¡
·ڳзڤ֣صľ죬ʳϿֳ
һɲǣʳˣؿͷĸ߿֮ϣֳһ貵⡣
Щ⣬нǧֱҷӶȥ
һգ۵ĹЩ⣬ʧǵǰ
ղŷʲôۻ˲ɣ
ûۻҲˡ

ʳ֮УĶԻÿһ䣬ͣظ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µ˷Ѹ
ڤ˷ɱͺ
ЩΪ£ڤ֮˲顣
ƣ
ڤɫ΢ףˡ
ʦ塣
᪺һˣɫһ䡣
ݣ
ʱʹ֮УǴĵ֮ϣһ
һŹֵĹ
һ룬ֳ֮ɫȵϢǵء
һ룬ֳ֮ɫϢ·ܽᡣ
ǱΪһ
ּ˵ĳķһ


296 Ǳ֮
꣡
գ۹򣬸߿֮ϵķڤһ
ΪһĹգۼţ壬ֱӱ͸Ѫ䳤ա
ôܡ
ڤĿ⣬𽥰
һŵı裬ûüӦͱֱӺУʶҲʼģ

ڤһ˫ӣ׹¡
侳ǿߣ
⡭
᪺ߵˣɫ䣬ȵǶʦʲô
üֵˡ
Сƹɨһۡ
ԣʱɫ䣬ʲôɹϣʱ׵˾⡣
Ҫġ
ǽһ𣬷֮롣
侳ʦ嶼ˣл·ô
᪣äĿ̡
뱱᪵ĶС
ֻǣڱ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ҪΪһ˷ļƷԪʯ֮ڱϣֱӽ˺ɱ
ֻöɽָ¶ڿУ̶׹䡣
ɹǿߣգ۹ȫ
ʮ֮ڣǱ
ʱĿ⣬·ܴ͸ʣڸߵ֮ϡ
Ȼˡ
СƹͨơֻءӦˡ
ȴߣ·ܴ͸߿֮˵ĶС
߿֮ϣĿ÷ڤ˱ɱķˣһҲ
ʦ壬᪺īôˣ
ɹĴʣĹҲǷˣĿɿڴ
ʱĶУٴС
ܷңѵɱңҴǱ
ϲǲΰ롣
ϲˡ
ǵǷڤһ³
ң˿µֶΣֻһͽʦ壬ɹǿߣ侳ǿ߸ɱˡ
򣬺Ը
ܿ죬һĶС
ٴɫ䡣
ʹϿգСƹˡ
ͷϧˣ㾹ûƣὫô
СƹǾҪˡ

ڳ֮ԣ
Ƕ֪ղֻŻԷѡ
ơֻءֲĵط޷֮ɱˡ
̫ˣơֻء
ҵۻأСƹһۣ͸¶ļɵ
Ⲽõһƣɱ侳ǿߡ
Ҳ׼Ȼ»ᱻŵ÷£ز
ߣͱΪղʩչģֻơֻءıɽһǡ˵Ƿڤֻ侳һߣ侳ߣֻҪûд侳磬һɣ
Сƹһưᵽ󷨣˷ܼһ㡣
ҲˣҲ˯ˡ
ǰҶţͨƣɱ侳ߣ
ͥСƹһۣ̾
ǣҲ˭
Сƹ
ɪˣͷơֻءƿȨҸסԺֻҪĸ׵ˣҲܼʱĸ׵꽻
СƹһֱۣԵ

һܺĸ׵꽻
Цİɣף˵ԵġԺơֻءͽƿأڻʳǷΧڣֻҪǿߣһ룬һͷԽɱ
ǡ׼뿪
ǴˣܿʶǰĽ
ͷţ׼뿪򡣡
뿪
Ļ硢ɺ˾磬˫̲סһ
ȻѾ˾Ȼûֹ֮⣬úչԼɶ
˵
ǣסͷ
֮ңӭһˡ
ɹʵӦǰһԹȥˡ
Ǳ
Ӧ
￴ӦĿ䵭

ӦųĿ⼫临ӡ
ôҲû뵽ɹ֮ҾռϷ硣
ڤ侳ǿߣԶ
λôû
Цˡ
ǲɡӦԳһЦ
ָ档
Ϊ֪㲻ɱҡӦ
ɡ
ϴ֡
Ǳ߰ɡ
ɨӦһۣ˵
Ӧͷͷ뿪
ꡣ
գǰǫޱȣյǸСһѾɳǿƾ衣
ɹλʳǡ
ţҪã򣬶Ϊ֮𶯡
Ӧȥ֮󣬳йһͰˮֱӽԵǱѡ
Ǳһ۾Ϳ˳ɫ䣺㾹ҵɹѵ㲻
Цˣҿɲ֪ʲôɹ
ʱǱŴΧܿ죬ɫѿô㣬ʦǱ᪹ҶңʦŹ㡣
Ǳ᪹״ӣȻ֪㲻ˣһȥҹʦʦɡ
﷢֣Ǳú¡
Ȼ֪㻹ץ
Ǳɫס
ҿûץɹġЦ
ܣɹǱҡͷԸš
ʦ𻹻ţܡڣûʲôܵģѾǸпɽǱˡ
ʲôʦˣܡܣ
淳
üһ̧֣ķֱɱǱ
Ǳûȥĥ
çΪ㱨ˡ
̤ķ򣬳˿ظ
츳׿Ȼдǰ̵çΪǱ̰
СӣĿĴﵽˣ׼ʲôʱ뿪
ԶСƹ̤ն䣬ʳ
հɣú㸸ס˺Ͷ˳Զٷ
˵
ҹۻ֮£һ˻һԷ
˾Ҳɺͳˡ
ˣ֮󣬸˲鷳ⱭҾ㡣
Ʊ˵
ЦСӣô׻˲ǣҪסҵˣ֮䣬ƽϡ
ˡ
ů⡣
ˣҲ㣬лôͣΪĸ￴ͥ˵
ղ˲˵֮ƽϣڣҼƽϣ
ͥЦСӣǲҵˣ
ԣһЦ
ƹѲɿأʣҡ
û˵꣬Ц׼Сһ뿪
ɵͷ
ȥɣж־ķ
صͷֱӴӦ
ʱҲ˳ס
㲻ҲҪСһȥְɣ
һȵؿ硣
һף㶼ӦС뿪ˣ᲻߰ɣ
ҴӦС뿪Ϊʵǿ뿪ҲԣʤСҷ뿪
Ц
ԣһ
ʤĵܵܣ
ǰпܡ
ڡ
ûȡ
ˣСˣС磬㸸ǰվ͸˵ˣ뿪
ͥȥˣЦ
һˣԳԺȺȣֱҹŸɢȥ


297 ޳
Ի峿ɶ߳йڵ
ԶСƹ̤ն䡣
ƣơֻءƿȨѾȫҸˣʡ
šСƹͷ
Ǿͺá
Цˡ
ơֻءտʼֻΪסԼĸ׵ıǵơ
֮󣬴СƹУ֪ơֻءɱַΧ侳֮ߣˡ
һ롰ֻء֮£һ
ǺεȰԵơ
ȻտʼЩСƹԼ˵ģȻơֻءȴǲ˽⡣
ֱڤɹǿ߽٣ơֻءչֳ˺ɱ
Ǹʱ򣬳ʶơֻءĿ¡
ơֻء˸׳Աڻƽ
ʳǣΪУ᲻ɴݵıݡ
Ҫģ뿪
磬Ѱʣ붯ʳ֣ĸ
СƹĻ˵ֻҪ붯ǿ֣֮߳ĸ¸ĸף겢δ
үһ˵Ҫ
ڳ׼ȥ˻ʱй֮⣬
ңʲôˣ
ﲻɺ档
С
ʱҲ˳й֮⣬ĻҲˣ֪ʲôˣȥˣ
ͷ
ʹ֮⣬һ糾͵Ӱվǲ
棿
ʱһȵõڹˣϲѣæعֵܡ
ôЩȡ
ˣʶ
棬Ҹյīʯ۹ڴĮУɺϾȹĳӡ
ǰīʯ۹ྩٴξһ
棬˵Ե֡
ֻǣû뵽ҵ
ֵܣʵҲĶǰʱ䣬һϢ˵ɹ뺦һгˣǸһʺǿߣ֮ˡ˵
ݸû뵽涼յǸϢ
Զң£ʡ
㡣Ц
ôʲôҪҰæ档
ֵܣһҪС㣬ٹ£ҴүҪӭȢСˡһ
ⲻϲôһ
ҡͷϲ£Ҳҳֵˡǣ£μҵвȣδӦģСǧԸǿŶС㳤ģҵ޹ȥ󣬻ɵ¡
С㣬ǿɶʡ
ϴǸŮοɶ
ʱһ񻹱ڰɽָ
һŮֻǼһ棬ﻹϲͺ񿴵Լá
ֳõϲ
ǡͷ
׼뿪ȥĵطҪīʯ۹μңڡ޳ǡ޳ǣȴ֪ںδ
ﻹǵã뿪ʱοɶ޳͡
ֻǣȥīʯ۹ȴ֪޳ʲôط
޳ôȥһΡ
ʱԱ˾翪ˡ
˾ʶ·
ﾪȡ
š˾ͷȻȥˣһЩӡ󡣡
Ǻá
ͷֿ棺˳·ȥһ޳ǡ
лֵܡ
æл˿
ܿ죬ֿ˳ߵɶ̲ססˡ
λŮӣòɣҶС㡣
λǡ
濴ɶһۣʳ
ҵӡ
΢Цܡ
˵꣬һͷＸն߷Ӷȥ
ֻʣգ̾˿
С㣬ûϣˡ
īʯ۹޳ǣһųǡ
Ҳīʯ۹һҵС
޳ڵĴϣŹȺͳ糾͵ˣСƹԳ̤롣
ܿ죬һ˵ע
ǵеİʤѩŮӣʵ̫ҫˡ
λ磬֪μôߣ
ס˹һˣòʵ
ǰһֱߡڶ·ڣұߡǿμμҶСյĻ񣿡
˺һЦʵ
ţл硣
˵˵ͷһ˼ǰߡ
үǸŮ˲
ʱĳһ
ֱֹƷ
ţһ
үҪҪǸ缸
ˣվǴοɶĴ֮գЩμҵĿˡҺòײμҾͷɲΪҵһ˽˴¡
үӢ

ݸɣ˵֮ˣǸҡĶү
е֪ҪȢοɶ֮ˣҴү
ܿ죬һμҴſڣʱμңŵƹҲʣϲ
˭
μҴſڵμӵܣ˵ʵ
ǶСѡ
΢Ц
Сѣ
μӵԣ̲סһ
һ˵ȥС㡣

ͷ
μҸ֮ۡУһľСԺ
װܰĹ뷿УһŮӣһ
С㣬治Ըޣ뿪ˣ֮ǰʾġ
ŮߵһѾߣ̲ס˵
ǰС㣬ǸҴүɲʲôö˵˲޳ǵĴҹء
һѾҲ
ǿһ֮μңҪ˻ˡ
ŮӿЦ·Щ
Ϊ۰Լĸףô˽
Ҫھͺˡ
οɶϣ¶ǳǳЦݣмżҸ֮ɫ
̲ס𣬼ǰǸӣֻǼΣȴȫĻꡣ
⼸ʱ޿̲ǣ
Ҳ֪ģڸʲô֪ڵĴ𣿡
οɶ롣
С㡣
ʱСԺ⣬һˣ˵ǶСѡ
οɶԣüһ
ѣ
ǿ˵˭οɶʵ
һ˵ˣ˵С
ٴδ˽
˵ʲô
οɶͻȻվi߳˷ţСԺμӵܣղ˵ʲô
μӵԱοɶŵˣæظС㣬˵г

οɶϣ¶ϲ֮ɫˣѵ֪ٵ
ߣҹȥ
οɶæ˵
С㡣
ʱѾ߳ˣҪǱү֪Сδ뿪룬϶Ҫ˵лˡ
Ҳ¡
οɶںڣֻЩǣƵġ
Сǲ£㲻¼ѿôҪ˵СȥĿ˴ˣ
һѾ߽
ǰС㡣һѾҲ޳ɡ
ðɡ
뵽ԼףοɶЭˣǸμӵܣСģȥҵĺѣɵǡ
ǣС㡣
Сԣæȥˡ
ȴ󣬶С㣬ʲôʱôѡ
һǡѡ
˵棬ܿͿȥμӵȥ
λС룬
СĿˣ
ˣСĽμҸۡ


298 ټοɶ
μҺ󣬹۲μҸۡʶ޳ǣμ㲻Ƕһļ塣
֮ǰһڸ߿ո޳ǣͷۡر
²⣬ۡӦ޳һָС
ԵʮӶ߳һ·֪һפأһ̶ϣȫֳǸطĵλ
磬ʳǣûһפлʹ
ʹ֮£ӵפģ壬硰׿ҡȼ塣
μҸۡԱۡҪСϲ١
Կ޳ǣμӦҲһļ塣
Ŀˣߡ
ڣμӵܡСġΪ·
жСر𽻴˿ҵ⼸λ͡
վס
ڳˣ˳Сָ·ǰʱһͻأ˵ĶС
ү
СĿӭеΪһˣһǫ
һӣӶ춥ȥˣСģͺȵʲôˣ
үǶСѡСæ˵ȴЦѣϣү֦С⼸λˣƺرء
õѣô֪ʲôѣ
üˣܿ죬ĿȫɶϣҲƲ

ӱ£ɫһһ
µˣ۳ߣֱӺӵĶУɫǺ죬һȻأ۴УҵĶ䣬ҵĶ䣡
ү
ߵμӵܣ׷ɫ䣬ӷͬʱ͸¶ļɵ
ˣֻһ֣ôүˡ
Դĵ׸е־塣
߰ɡ
￴һ۴Сģ΢Ц
ǣǡСĻعĿУ˼𾴡
û뵽Сѣ˿µ
ֻһͺȣμҵĴү
үôҲ侳ߡ
ɼˣһЦ
ɶǳۣˣãҲ²á
˼μҴүβڻָһЩеĴʹ࣬ɫǲ԰ޱȡ
ŸʲôϽȥҸף
βߵμӵܣ
˭μҵĵ̣μҴүǼֱǻζˣ
μӵܲȥʱβУֳ˵ĺ⡣
ˣŻ˯Сƹһ·СˣһŵСԺǰ
С㣬λ˵ˡ
С˵
ŵСԺУȴοɶСĵĿһ
Ѿߵ߳СԺš
οɶ·һ磬СԺֻһ㣬š
硣
ܿ죬οɶͿ⼸ǣ֮ˣ۵ֳκ죬Сʤ»ӣշֿõɷ档
硢ɺ˾磬һֵŮӣȻ
ǶˣֻһۣܿŮӶԳżľ
֡
˲Ծؿ
οɶվڳǰּ֮ʱϵЦݣˡ
磬ǡ
οɶǰʤѩŮӣŮӵò̲סԲλ࣬һμòϣԼ֮ˣʵ
òϣǰŮӣɫ̫ࡣ
ҲˣԽܵǣŮӣԲλŮӣվǣ˼ߣ֣Ȼ˵֡
ɶþòҵӣɶ
΢Ц
û뵽겻ǸëѾͷѾȫˡ
οɶòֱ׷Ҷ࣬ʤһŮӡ
ӣ
οɶһ׻ܿ죬ܿ컺
ɶοɶ΢ЦͷֻǣĿԶ˼ּɵ
ŮˣܸоǰŮӣԳĲͬ
磬ɶ㣬λ磬
οɶϾǴҹ㣬ܿͻָûһ㣬кＸ˽СԺ
һʱ䣬㲻ϿСԺЩӵ
ڳĽ£ʶ˳˺οɶʣ磬ô
Цɶ˵Ҫˣ
οɶԣϵЦ̣˵ͷ
治Զҵҵģ֮㡣
˵⡣
οɶɬԭΪģ˭֪Ϊ塣
мͬʱҲΪӡ
磬߰ɡ
οɶͻȻ̾
ţԣһ
ΪΣ㲻ǲԸ޸ǸҴүôʡ
ǲԸֻǣҵˣʱ׼ΪңҲǺǵģ޳ǵ֮һġӼҡǧ˿ƵϵҲǡοɶ˵˿ɬ
ֺγ𺣣һ뵽ҺӼҵĹϵЩˡ
Ӽң̫ǿˡ
īʯ۹һ塣
˵˵¡
￴οɶʵ
ȻˣȻǴοɶ鷳Ȼûֲ֮
οɶ˵ͷ˵ȥ
ңμһ㣬īʯ۹޳еĶ塣
һֱҺμҾͲͣ汲ڣϰ꣬ƾС
ֱǰҵŮ޸Ӽҵĵϵүҵ˱仯
Ӽ䲻ңȴҼİѹμһͷ
μұȻ⣬ʵϷƮҡ
ҸμһȦףμϹ
ֻҪҺģμҽ֧飬μ¼ٿˣΪ֮ū
ʱμ̸УԲƽμҵĹʧȻμұ뽫Сοɶ޸Ҵү塣
һʱ䣬οɶμҴҹ㣬μҵľǡ
μ£ϵϣµѾߡͣϣοɶܾμҡ
μҵȦףҵϵġǼ£֪˭ֵģ
ʡ
Ҷʹ硣
οɶ˵һ㣬£ò˵Ҳ֮ʧֲǡ
磿
̲סղʱߺ˵ˣǸˣμҴүοɶĴ硣
ˣǸʲôڶүʯɱ棬ʲô
˵£ʡ
οɶû뵽ﻹǵõ£ųЦݣʯ޳ڼҵĶүҺ󣬽¸˸סڸ׵ѹ£ڼԴʯǼҲ˽ˡ
壿
üͷ̶չ
үҲҶοɶμҼŮ
ֻ֪ΪҪɱ棿
ʡ
ڼҼ˵ʯҵܾʾģɥʧǣɱҡڼҼҲԵҵǸˡ
οɶڵ£ǵú˵


299 μҼ
Ϊܾʾɱ㣿
ҡͷһЦ㲻ãеǣǿô
ҵʱҲûô࣬ôôοɶգһ˫۾ʡ
Ŀ⣬Ե˳ϣԽԽԡ
Ǹ磬״磿ʡ
ǣҶĶӡοɶҡͷ
Ǹʯ壬磬ʲôϵ
ʣоԼƺץصˣڣֻҪοɶһȷϡ
ҶڼҼãʯ׹ùá
οɶ˵
Ȼˡ󣬳׽⿪
һʣοɶ˳ɶΪλһߣ֪Щҹ㣬Ƕŵġ
οɶɬΪ׼ҽּһЩ⣬ҳȥʶϾһŮҪ̳
ͷȻһ㡣
硢ɺ˾磬ӳοɶѭѭУҲĹؼ
ɶڼȷϣμһٵΣԼҪ޸Ҵү壬һЩ˵ı￴οɶ˵
磬㻳ɶͶ磿
οɶȵҲµ˳˼
ͷ
ǣ
οɶû˵꣬СԺ֮⣬ʹ˵ͳɶ˵˿ˣ
Ƕ塣
οɶü΢ʲô
ӦҵġЦ
οɶ⡣
ｫ֮ǰ·Ϸ£˵һ£οɶŻȻ
СԺ֮⣬һӥˣ֮ǰ˵βվ
󣬻ʮˡ
ʮˣӣһɫװΪԲס
ף
һˣοɶڣһ߳ʱβǷ´½һ㣬ָųʹ
Ҷ
ӥˣĿضųʡ
СģϵġȤβʣΪҪЦˡ
ʲôˣ
ӥ˿Ŀ⣬żּɵ
侳ߣǰ˵˵ΪףҲ侳һ
ôᣬһΪܳ
ôҳӣҪ̽ҵĵף
￪ڣ˵뷨Ҳֻһɢߣ㲻ع˼ֻ̫࣬ǣҽҲǿˣѲҪμң
Ļӥ˰˿ĿҶμҵϵӵܣμǲμҷμҶү͡Ȼʸμ֮ˣ
Ц
Цʲôɫһ
Լ˵ԼʲôүһΪμҼء
ﵭһЦ
Ļɫ䣬ʱٵϣСӣСĻӿڳ
壬ҵĿˣ뿪
ۿ֮䣬һοɶǰһͣһ
ɶգǲܴӦˣˣˣμң
ֱ˵˿οɶӡ
壬յĳʽϼң뿪
οɶһᶯ͸¶в֮⡣
ԣüͷƺ˽ս
ף߰ɡ
ʱβοɶвɫ΢䣬ȰͣѾͷ治ԸޣǾͰ׷Ļˡ
͵˵ͷ׼˵䳡滰ȥԶһЦɫһ
Զһˣһ˵ͬ£̤
ףүү
οɶæ¶Цݡ
磬ϡ
󲮣ϡ
ͺβӶˣһ߸ϵӣ
ͺʮˣҲ
ֻǣʱΪľګûκθ顣
ܣҸղʲôѵΪμҵΣǵĻҲλˡ
ˣߵǰ΢Ц͡
磬˵ﻰμֻڴĴ£ܾԻ͡磬һЩ£뿪ˡ
͵Ķͷʼðһ仰æ뿪ˡ

͵Ľлβæȥ
⼸λǣ
μҼＸˣ
ףҵѣλǰҺĳ磬ΣҺó缰ʱ֣Ǿ¡οɶܳ
ԭξ˿ɶ
μҼԣæԳǷһ񣺡лˡ
μ̫ˡ
ҡͷһЦԸоһݵĳ⣬ĺںɶŮ
ܿ죬СԺУߵȥΧһá
ףղҸ˵Ǽҷ£˵һУܿǶΪ֮
οɶ˵
֪
ͷοɶĻһ㶼𾪣ؿ˳һۡ
֪οɶһ㶡
ͷڵ꣬ϮȷʯΪҾ֪£ûô򵥡ʯһӵܶѣ΢˵ҪˣǸɱ㡣
꣬Ҿ֪ǼºѲ˸ϵֻϧһֱҲ֤ݡ
ֱӼҹһҾʶһǲݡ꣬Ҳȥ׷Ѱʲô֤ݣֱӽɱˣһУᷢ
˵̾˿ƺΪΡ
ͣ塣
ңҲ塣
ֻǣӼңò塣
޳ǵȻԶμܱȣμǿкӼҶԿǡѻʯ
ε¡
οɶ
ε£Ԥ֮УҪһûܵóѣҹһһ˵
䣬Ρ
סοɶ˫۷죬ͬܡ
ɶģǲ޸Ǹġ
οɶһЦиֳɭȻ⻪μ䣬ҲǸд˽١ͿŮһҸȥȡࡢԸ֮µμң
һͺҵıóѣƿµμңȻ֮¡
ţڣҲ޳ѡ
ף
οɶ̲סᣬ˽ţ
ֵܣΣǿǺȲεϲˡ
ԳＸǸȻһЦ
ＸΪοɶϲƵġ
ף˵ʲôأҵģʲôϲƵġοɶϵᣬ˵
ţ
ˣ̲ס
˲䣬ɫ΢䡣
Щˡ
μգɶĳʽ㻹հɡ
￴΢Цں£ͽҰɡ֮ܶұ֤ɶ£Σ
͸˳Ｘ˵ĵϸһˣлֵˡ
ֵܡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô̲ͫס𣺡㡭ѵҵǸ
ҡ
ǰ£Ǹ˵Ϣīʯ۹


300 Ӽ
ѯʣ΢΢һЦҲûϣҲûϡ
ȴеˡ
뿪֮ʱϣһɨ֮ǰ緢·ػ
磬ȻҪɶΪβɴֱӼȥ
ɶɻʡ
벻ͨôֱӵķΪβá
΢ЦɶȷʵֱӵķֻǣЩ£ֱӵķЧδáգ׼һϷɡ
ǸͣעҪùˡ
˾Ц
οɶԱߣ
ر뿪ǰı飬ôϻ۵ʶμҽε⡣
ĳ磬ȥǿˡ
ɶ㣬СոһЩϵȵ֬ˮۣҴȥɡ
οɶɶһĳ̬΢Ц
ҲЩɶ΢΢ҡͷ
Щ
ǰһϸشɶݣܿ죬οɶ̲סɶ㣬̫ˣֱ棬ûκ֬ˮۣôÿŮһ
ǵɶοɶĿޣɫҲɻɶãҲء
ۿŮܿ˵һ𣬳Ｘˣ
Ů˵磬˲
ɶã϶ˡ
˾紫ȡЦ
˵ʲôأҾ͵áЩΣص
㽫˼ҵã˼ҿû㵱硭ѵûɶ̬ȣӸտʼڣ˸츲صתô˾紫Цʡ
˵ʲôݸ
⻹ֺʱ׼෿ˡ˾Ц
һǰôûô
Ц
ҹˣҲμҼźסס˽ȥ
μУޱȣֻΪӭնСοɶĳʽ
μһԺƻ
ףҲʲȥҵֻ䣬ڻʲôҹǷˡ
βһʧ䣬Թ
㼱ʲôùԹԵؼ޵ңʱμһǵģԸǼëͷСӣֱֵӵ·Ｘˣ֮
ףǼСӣɱ˾ˡǸŮ˲ɱ
β¶Цݣܿ죬Ŀ⣬˼̰
ǸŮӣֻһۣͽĻˡ
ȻϲǸŮˣˡ˵òȷʵƹɫ㣬ܰ㵽֣պҵŮҲɡɰ
ӶˣԺУشЦ
Ƿ·𿴵˹δ
գ峿
޳ǴϣΪ֣糤һӭ׶飬Ҹۡ߳μҸۡȥ
ӭ׶飬һƥͷһ˫ḡȵˡ
һ⣬о˸
ϣһϲۣǽյ֮һ
Ҵү塣
ۿӭ׶飬ֻʧ·ľͷΧ޳Ǿ񣬷׷ҡͷпζСõһˣ̯ô
ζС޸ֱʻţϣϧˡ
ǱԹٶҲã˼Ҽãǽ壬һȢ޳ǵһΪޡ

Щ޳Ǿ񣬷׷ΪμҶС㡰οɶ򱧲ƽ
οɶ޳ǵˡ
޳֮ˣϵġһˡ
μҡ
ۿοɶ˻Σͬμ˵İ̾תһЦˡ
οɶһߣμ˳λ̳ˡ
ʱҸıԹλ֮ͣλø
ˣСƹûͬԬһߣһ·ȥ
һ·ϣ˱߱߹䣬ҲС
磬߿Щɡ
ɶԳ˵
ɶİɣܼʱʽʼǰϵġЦ
ǡҪڴ֮ǰɶ
ɶ˵ʲôȴϣ￴Сƹơ
Сƹԣؿ˳һۣͺһ
ʱһ澵ϣڼ˵ǰ
һĻ龰
ԭȥ׼ˣѹҿһ磬Щˡ
ЦԭǱеȥþȥˡ
ɶ׼˿
ɶһϹȥôоͿɶ׽һʵ˵Ů˵磬仯Ҳʵ̫Щ
Ҫ֪ոռɶʱɶǱкܴġ
ڣ⵴Ȼ޴ҲˣôĶԷ
ʵڹŹ֡
ܡ
ɶһЦ
ҸۡĴŵƽʣΪȢ׷ۡ£նԵޱȡ
ڼҼϾ档
̷Ҽǧʮ

˾ǵſڴһ߽ͣҸۡ
ϲ
ϲϲףձ

һͣҼһ΢
Ҽϣ˲õЦݡ
գ壬Ȣ޳ǵһˣμҶС㣬οɶ
ȢμҵŮˣҲңӡ
Ͼ޵Уڹȥ˾֪¡
μŮ˶޹ˣҲζţҺμҰ棬˽
ңʤμң
ҵļϣ¹Եһҳܺ˾
ﵽ
ʱǰμҵӭ׶飬ҲƺƵˡ
ͣҲòˡ
οɶ߳Σб͵ע
οɶ޳ǹϵĵһˣճף֮£ǹʵĶˣڳˣĿɿڴ
ӣСġ
οɶҪ̨ʱæȥȥοɶ
ž
˭֪ȴοɶֱ̧֣ӽִ򿪡
ΧıͣһƬž
ž֮󣬾һЦ·ڷЦ壬Ҫˣֶû
ߣ
ɫһҲգŭɨοɶһۡ
ճʽοɶҪΪŮˣ
Ҳһʱ

ӭ׶֮μҲ̵һˣμҼҼ
μα˿ӽҿɾ׼ˡ
ӭƤЦⲻЦ
ζүܿ죬ֶʹк
ϲˡͶһЦ
ͬϲͬϲ

ӦöˣҲÿʼ˰ɣ
һ˶Ҳбʱ̲סߴٵ
𼱣бû
˭֪ͬһʱ䣬μҼҼһԶͷĬͬʱˡ
˿֮ָƿԼĿ⡣
ӼҶүͶ̵񣬵ؼ߽׹һסؼ߽似һסһö
ܿ죬Ҹ֮ۡ⣬ſڣ˾ǵٴδ˽
䣡
˲乤Ҹ֮ۡУ׺䶯
ڣ˶ʶղ˵ĻûıͣӼҵˡ
Ӽңôֱʡ
ؼ߽׹似һףҪǣһö
һöǼֵʮöƷԪʯ

޳֮һڳı̲ͣסп
ܿ죬ӰҸ֮ۡ⣬˽
ǵ󣬻ز¶ˡ


301 Ѫ
ӰһһŮ
еԼĪʮߡ꣬һ㣬֮䣬ȴһϡ
ŮԼĪʮͷοɶЩȴҲ˶١
һһŮ
޳ӼҵĶүӼҵ۰ĶӣΤ
ԼΤӣϼ
ϼҼСŮǰ޸ӼҶүӴҰˣ£ҲǼȮ졣
ѹμҡ
һУŮϼĹ͡
үͶˣα˺񡣡
ЦݣӭȥڹϣƺԼŮҲơ̡
ˣǼҸСı񣬼ҸڴһЩ£»ԵΪҴ֤顣
ΤһЦ
ҾлӼˡ
ܳΤ򸾣ӭϱϯλ
һȴ
˵ӼҼҪԹΪҴү֤飬ڳıͣҲԹˡ
һӺ
һӰ䣬ƷǷ
һݼ㣬һŹˣü䣬ŭЯŲһϡ
Ӽ
ڳıͣ׷վ𣬶
μҼҼҲ
λضҽΪҡӴǡ׼ҳ֤顣׼ңϲˣμҵŮţ޳ǵһˣɵø
ӴǶͷһЦ
Ӽ
Ц˻Ӵӭλ£ſڳıֱͣԵλҶμҶСοɶĳʽʹˡ
ţ
ҪʽʼʱμҼͺһ
һʱ䣬˶
Ǻ⣿ɫһ
ӴǣҲ̲ס˸˵ĺ⡣
ǰ˴СУǲӼҼ
ҸղŲ˵бû
ɨһۣıǵˣҵıͣƺû㼱ſʼѵûμҵ£ãվûμңʽһ˳У
һ£ڳͣȻ
ԭμҼҲرıҪ
̲ס²⣬μҼضԴıֻͣʲôˣ
μҵı͵գοɶޣ
·ڳĻοɶҲˡ
һʱ䣬Ҹۡˡ
μҲΪȵıӼͻ֮¡
ҧƱǿôڣοɶӲģҿɶ
ߣ
һ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
ܿ죬һӹȥ˾ǣžޱȡ
ʱȥû
ʱҸۡıͣ׷װԱԹ
һʱȥûκζ
Ҹۡеıͣ඼Ŀ¶ؿҪʲô
ʲôͣôļӣ
Ҫֻ֪ЩڳӼҼ޳֮һӼҵƿߣҲڳ
ˣӼҼҲһȴһʱ
μ㿴һʱˣıͣǲʲô£ˣ
ѹеŭʡ
ġ
϶
ڳ֮ˣ˰ʱ

ڣӼҼӴǣ׷ˣ浱Ӵǵʱܶ಻ɣҵ֪ıͣж󣬾ӴҲһһʱ
һǾ仰ȣ׾Ͳˡ
ƽ
һʱ䣬ڳ֮ͷƤ飬Ƿˡ
ǰģӼҼӴǣ
ˣͻȻãԼĶӭȢŮĴ
󲮣㲻ǵǸСӰɣ
ͻȻ͵ߣβ̤üһʮɢ߶ѣмֽ飬αΪ¡
βһ䣬ڳ֮ˣĿɿڴ
ԭΪ˴̣ȴıȻǴ
ڣμҵվ˵ȴˣֻһʮɢߡ
⡭
ڽˣ氡

ɫˮʲô˼
ֻһ֣ȡ
ȣ
ʱӼҼӴǣλվž˵ɱ⣺׼ңʽʼɡμҵŮʲôӰʽ£ӴǷ»μţ
ৣৣৣৣৣ

Ӵһʯ쾪˲乤ڳμ֮ˣ׷ɫ䣬ֲѡ
˿Ӵ
Ψοɶɫƽ
磬ѵͿɶҪеμأŸô
μҶүͣڿˣһڣµһ仰Ⱦڳμˡ

ҸۡգԵù֮ʱ߿֮ϣһЦ
޼ɵĴЦ
ЦУִһһӼңôĿҵҪμš
ӰԸ߿ս£ɹڳ˵ע
ڳ֮ˣԿˣһŮһֻģ
ЩˣСŮӣҲͶʮͷ
Ůһʤѩǵòһ֣ڳ˵Ŀ⡣
ֱǷ֮ˡ

Ҷүվڽ䣬ԵŰŮӡ
գ޳ǴϣͼŮӣֻǣû뵽Էһ˾侳ߡ
ЩңҺԼû˳֡
ҪȻù
侳
βŵϴǸһֻ侳ߣ֪
û뵽ǣϵŮڣҲȫ侳ߡ
ʲôˣ
ҼͻȻֵһˣһֻСʵ
ҵı͡
ʱˣϣ¶Цݡ
ıͣ
ڳ֮ˣȻԭǵôõˣˡ
ˣ˵󻰣Ҳͷ
Ӵˮղ˵ˣҲĸУһˡ
ǳ
ۿӴǿһЦӼǲ˵󻰣ҪҪԣ
ҶӼҼ
ʱӼҶүΤһˣĿ⺮һӶ嫵ӿ
˺һ֮ƣһţ
侳ߡ

һ̶Ȼ
ݣ
˲乤һڵˣֱӱ͸
ˡ
һ˵ʬ壬ϳأѪҸۡһ˦Ӵǵڡ
䣡
Ӵϣǣֱӽ˵ʬĩ߸ݵ˾磬оǼɵ侳أ
Ӵǵޱȡ
츳ӼѳȻҲֻǰ̤侳ء
꣬Ѿʮꡣ
ǰˣҲʮңȴһΪ
ҪǣˣԲһеΪ֮ˡ
Ϊ֮ˣǸղŴʴʣ䲻Ӽҷˡ
ǵʲôˣ
Ӵѹеŭ𣬳ʡ


302 ӷĿ
Ӵǵѯʣһˣû
ǷʲôǰߵμҶү͡ǰһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣζүգҳҲǰ»Բãμţ
ﻰ䣬ҸۡһȺͣ
ˣμҼıô
ǵĿ⣬ϣ֣ǰһУ޶ãͺûпһ㡣
ۿɫ΢䣬ףϵЦݸζүȴ֪ǷԸΪμҷ׳Լҿղһ£ɿμ˵ƺμذ
Сֵܣֶ֪ŮѣͱҿЦˡ
ͶͷʼðҲ˵˵Ϊμȥôܡ
֮ǰûǰ˷Ȼղߵͬ飬ָ֮䣬ͽӼ侳ǰɱһĻľս
ʵμҵǰ壬ȻҲ侳ضѡ
˿ɣǰ˵ͬ飬ָ䣬һԽɱ
֮£֮ǰһ㣬ڳǰֳǿӲ̬ȣһʱ䣬Եǫѡ
Ц
ϵЦݣȻصĵƣХ͵ϣ˭㿪ЦұѡҪôμ˻Ҫôμ
ĵƣƥ͵ϣ͸оϵѪ⣬·ʱȥ
˺һ֮ƣ
ľսʶǰˣ㲻ͬ飬һ׾ٽɱ
֮ǰ֪侳ߣȣʶԷ侳صĴڣ̲ס𼸷־ʹԼĶӡ
ȻΪĶĳͻ
侳ء
ӦϺ֮ӼҼӴɫ΢
˵ͣҲͶʮңȻȴ̤侳أ
īʯ۹ҵľŻĴδ֮ǰҲԶû˿µ츳
Ĵīʯ۹ʮ󿡽ܵһˡ
Ҹʱ俼ǣ֮һ𰸣ҾĬҲҪάμңɱ
ƽϵĵƣȴ
磡
ɫһ䣬ʶ˲ڿЦæμҼȣıͣΪɣ磡
ûڣͱϣμضԣͶСмֽ飬ȻӣȴΪңҿԲƽβҵĲֻǣ븶ۣȻԼѡĻμˣμͶС㣬βڣ˱ɣ
һڳ֮˻Ȼ
ѹǻǰһĻ죬ԭһԭڡ
͸ӣλǿߡ
ܣҲˣΪΪ˼塭ϣѡ񡣡
̾˿
һʱ䣬ڳμˣĿƿ͡
ڴ
ǵ͵ϡ
ףμԶסģ֤Ժÿն׼ʱһ㡣
β类ŵ˫ȴˣҲʶ֮£ҪôҪôڵμ
μҼŮοɶΪλǿн飬ӹһ١
ӣ
ôҲû뵽μ˶ûʱĶȿˡ
һڣҪȥ
Ҳ룬£˭ǳġ
Խ룬ԽǷ
ӣ¹ףǵģΪ˻Ӹ򣿡
ɫβ㣬û˿ԸҪӣҲѰ·ҾˣѡμҵҺθɣ
һȻĻǶԳ˵ġ
Ļ䣬μˣʱˣ̫ͣ˽ˣ
ͣû뵽ΪԼԼĶӶ
ɥĲɥĲ񣡡

μ˵ָ粻
ҲҲ
ۿĿβɫףף㲻ܰӣӰ
Ŀƽ˿ᡣ
ڶӺ֮䣬ѡ档
ղ˵
ֵ׳꣬ûˣһˡ
ûˣʲôûˡ
ΪǬ½ϣûκζҪ
룬Ϳˡ
ãáͣҾҲҪȥֱΪ¶Ȼ㲻ʣͱҲ壡
ۿͲβ
Ŀһһš
󲮣ʯɱɶʯ⣬ֻǰסһеıҸף
βĿ⣬ܿϣ˵󲮣ɶҽ¶ǣһһɣ
βһ䣬μ˿͵Ŀ⣬ȫͬˡ
ԼֶŮµȥֱ֣ͣɥĲ
ɫޱȣӣ
ڼҼվڱ֮䣬ɫף£Ҳзݲ롣
󣬸ԼĶӡ
Ͳµˣֻһֱ֤ݡ
βһۡ
βˣܿ죬˼Ѫһ㣬󲮣ε£ҲҸ׵ıңҵȦףҪÿɶ޹ȥĻ㲻ٽμҴ̸ɶңһ㣬Ҫȡ֮ΪµμҼ
ò˵βһҸۡˡ
رμˣһĿɿڴ
û뵽ƽʱǰԵĶŵĶүаһ档
֪֪治֪ġ
μˣ·ԼҪٵѣһͺҼָָ㣺û뵽;Ȼҹᣬ߸μң
̫ˣֻһ㣬ıҪóˡ
ͣμˣ
ͣμң

һμ˵ָָ㡣
Цˣô˵ȺҲˡ
μ͵Ļʱɫ䡣
ʶΪ͸ղŵѡǽΪβᡣ
˭˵ǻˣ
ʱһֱԹ۵ĳˡ
ʲô˼
ĻЩ¡
ûʲô˼ɶãμҲҵĳļ壬º֣
ﵭһЦοɶһۡ
οɶų緢ռе͸Ūڹ֮䣬һ˫˰⣬ĻЩɬ
ã
һֱҵô
㡭ϷŪң
ʱͻܷӦ˳ȦףҲͰ׻ôˡ
ʵ͵˵ôгȦס
ֻǣڳǿʵ£Ϊ
ˣˡ
βһĻҲӦ̱ڵأһɷס
ԷΧμӵܣ㿪һĿ⣬͸¶ıġ
գμҴүǳױˡ
Լˡ
Լ⣬ôʲô


303 ɶ
һ˲䣬ӵãμ˾ľת䡣
Ȼֶãһжֵõġ
룬ǿ͸ӵһԸӣͲμˡ
ӣӣ
ͺݺݵصβһۣӣʲô˵ˡ
ע롣
ȻݵģȦ׵ĳ
Ϳ㡭úݣ
һսҵͬ鲻֣Σ
ﶢͣһЦ׵ݣչҫ£ԣУôۡ
ĻͲѪˡ
ʲôЦС̬һսѰ·ô
ߣǲңʵվһߡ
һɨͣм
㡭㲻ɱңסˡ
˵ˣμҳμˣҲᶯڣӦûμ˰ɣԼμˡ
￴͡
ǣμˣǣСװͷ
μ˿͵Ŀ⣬ġ
ʱͻ˼˵μˣֱǶμҵ档
μҵļˣʣµ£ҾͲˡɣ
˵˵ţ˲Զ
ۿľսӴڵķһۡ
ˣЩ£ʿɶֹĺá
Ӵ̲סˣ䱻˾ʵ𺳣ʣµͬ飬ʵҲԺӼҿ⡣
Ӽ֮УһΪ侳أǿ
ӼУλ棬侳һĴڡ
Ӽ£Ͳˡ
תͷӴǣһЦ
Ӵɫһ֮·ʱܳ֡

Źݵ˾ָ⴫Ӵһʱ
ﻹиʵˡ
￴Ŀƽ
ҾҼλү֪кηԸ
ۿӴǶ֪Ʊǿ΢ʵ
ҺμҵĶԹϰꡭұ֡ȻμҼҵĳ£Ҳòܣԣһ֮롣
˵䣬Ϊ
Щܳ˵˵
ϣֻҪμҿɶμһգ£Ϊμҡ
˵УεĻ£ʹա
Ļɫ΢䣬Σ̾һλүգҿԴӦֻǣ˵һҪȷʵЩǴӦΪμңμأѵҲҪ򲻻֣ڣ
ҵˣߵų
رҴү壬ɱˣ类ɱˡ
ֵ˶ûˣŭѡ
ֻǣȻŭȴ顣
ʲôЦûףҼǰһϹϾģô
ɷģҪҰؼһܺеμˡ
ۿһ֤
ĻҴӦ
æ˵
ȡòӦ
ţˣҵڣġ
Τ磬㿴˼Ҷ۸ҵͷˣôŲʡΤ磬ȰȰףΪҳͷɡ
ŮϼߵɷӼҶүΤ
ȥȰӼҼӴǡ
ߣ֮⼸Ǻǵģٸǡ
Τһֱ˵
ܺãˣҾͶлˡ
ͷĿ⣬ӴǵϣӼô˵Ӽһīʯ۹һ壬ǿơ
ӴĻӲԾͦ˼֣͸¶ֵ⡣
գҲӼһŵ
￴ӴǣһЦ
Сӣ̫
Ӵϣӿҳ츳޳ǣӴǣ޳֮һӼҡǰ

ЦˣӼ⻰ƺЩˣֻҪӼһŵôӼԸ
ӴǷЦΪҿѹңû֣͵ΪӼ˺۸Ǹһ׵Ϊӣ潫ұƼˣһǼ˶޳ǣ

ЦЦȾҸۡ
һʱ䣬ڳıǣ֪ˣôš
Ӽҿ޳ǵĵͷߣƽʱ˭˲Ӽҷ
ɶӼҪء
￴ɶĿ΢Ц
ڳ֮ˣ׷һ㶡
һʱ䣬˵עɶϡ
ϢŮӣԼĪʮͷһΪ̤侳
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ʱɶĿ⣬Ӵǵϣϣһƿµ
ҸۡԭƽĿͻȻ궯ں֮Уۡһʱɳʯĺ磬ƺ޾ڲϵؼǿ
䡪
۶ĺ磬͵ըನڳ֮ˣ̲סɫ䡣
һЩΪ͵ģನֱӺ䵹ڵء
ɶ̤ǰһµķ֮⾳̺ŵ֮Ӵǡ
ǿߣ
Ӵɫ䣬Ŀѣ˺һ֮ƣûбɶ
Ȼһ棬Ӵǵƾ裬֧顣
䣡
Ӵǵ壬ֱӱɣݻΣֱӺ顣
Ӵǣ޳֮һӼҵļƽʱ߸ϣ޳ڣʵһĴڡ
ڣǱر䵹ڵء
ף
Τɫ䣬æȥӴǡ
ΤһˣĿ¶ֵضɶ䡭侳
֮ǰͬ鱻˾ת˲ɱʱЩˣԴĵ׸еɵ
ֻǣû뵽ǣСЩˡ
Щ˵Уе侳ǿߴڡ
侳
Ҹ֮ۡУһƬš
μҼοɶڵμˣɶʱҲĿɿڴ
ɶǵ侳ǿߣ
οɶһ˫¶־ú͸¶ȻҲֻϳɡ
μҼһ𾪡
Ȼ²⵽˳һ˵ݣҲû뵽һУе侳ǿߴڡ
һλŮӡ
ء侳
βɵˣ֮ǰţҪõˣĺ
Էǵ侳ǿߡ
һ󼰵Ĵڡ
оԼ뷨Ƕôɡ
ҶүҲˡ
ңҺûȥλŮӣҪȻôĶ֪
ɶΪҸۡĿĽ㡣
ֻò˫츳һɫ
ǿµŮӣֱ档
Ӽ
ʱӴҲΤ򸾵Ĳ£վ￴΢΢һЦ
ӴûſеֻǺȻ;֡
ǿߣ
찡Ӽ֮Уλ䶼侳һĴڣɾ侳вԶľ롣
侳ǿߣӼ֮Ҳ޷⡣
ʵɱ䡣
ŵ侳ΪŮӣһ֮ԽӼҸ
λǵʲôˣ
Ӵٴοѯʱ͸¶־η


304 ǳ
ʳ仰ʱӴȫû֮ǰ߸ϵģ
侳ǿߣӼҼǷݸ߰
ʲôˣҪҪǣӼǷԸҳһŵ
ﵭɨӴһۣʡ

ǳգҸۡ󣬵һαԼ֡

ҸۡУһЩˣ̲סɫ䡣
ƺ뵽ʲô
ҵǸɣɹɱ˾ŻĴĳ
˵ǸﻹɹĺĵӣɹĺĵѡΣʣѹŻĴǲš
꣬ʮͷչֳ˼ΪµΪ
û뵽ǳӼ֪ݣղžͲѡаˡ

Ҹۡڣͣ۷׷ס
ĿУ˼ּɵ;η
һλǿߣںɹŸɵǿߡ
ڵңȵۻʻҵǿߣκβҡ
㡭ǳ
Ӵǿų͸¶ļɵһЩ۵һ㣬֪ǳڶԷǰڼӡ
Ϊ޳֮һӼһǿҵ壬ҵֻ鲼īʯ۹ܱ
ϢͨӼҵ鱨ܱһ֪
д÷зǼ£ǿߣɱɹʣһĶӣѾš
ңĵλˮǴߡ
ɹ˶ɱҲˣɱɹǿߣ𺳵ڡ
Ӽңֻīʯ۹һ壬ɹһЩ˻Ҫ˽⡣
ΪӼǰһˣɹĵӣ뿪˻
ɹУǿߣһǵ侳߽׵Ĵڡ
侳߽ףҲǵ侳ϵĴڡ
ôӼ治Ըһŵ
Ӵڷɫһ
ף
ΪӴ۰ĶӣӴ֪£ΤӼҶүҲ֪ƺˣæԼĸס
үʲôԸ˵ֻҪӴǺӼģƴǣ
Ӵһĳ̬ĿУ͸¶־η
Ӵ̬ȵת䣬ڴУʲôú
οɶУЩ˼顣
μҵĴҹ㣬ʱڸ׵ķԸ³ţƽʱ֮У洫÷зһЩ£֪顣
ۿӴǶԳ˹Ȼ֪ΪʲôȴҲףϲ磬ضǿ
Ӵ߸ϵ޳ӼҼĳǰҪϥ
ԸҵֻӼһŵӽμҵϣӼҲٲ֡
￴Ӵǣ˵

Ӵһ
ǡͷ
үģӴӽӼ˲μҵ£ұԽУ
ӴһԴ䣬Ŀ⣬ԾΤߵϼϣؿһۡ
ϼˣɫɷס
ȴҲףӴӼҼ˵óóģΪĶϱ顣
ˣͶлӼˡ
ӴһЦ
ҡӴǻæ
ջҵĺ£ǲ˼ֿһЦ
ү׼ңӦòΪС¶ǰɣ
ӴǵĿ⣬Ҳϡ
ǣǣӼ˵ǡ
ЦȴڿޣĿɽվԷǱȥˡ
ҲףӴˣҲȡ
ңȵ۹һҪǿĴڣǲ
ү˼ˣǷͼλͣҵֵܣλүңɶúء
ӴǿϿҷ롣
Ӽ⣬ˡֻǣμͿɶ󣬾Ҫ뿪ˣԺпգŰݷá
ӴһЦתμ˱ˡ
һֵܣΣμԶסĴ¡
΢΢һЦֿοɶ
磬ôҪ뿪ô
οɶһ˫ˮĴ۾ȫʪ
ţ绹ҪȥԺпգһɶġ
ͷ
ǰɶãԺпգҺ綼ġ
ɶҲ΢Ц
ɶ㡣οɶԣ̲ס
ҸۡıͣƽؿųɶμҼŮûһ˸Ҷ
סؿţ´ŵǡ
߰ɡ
ɶͷԳ硢ɺ˾һЦһˣն
Сӣȵȱߣ
ʱһҸۡеˣֻһֻſһ˯ĻɫСҲ̤ն׷ȥ
׷Ŀɿڴ
Ҹۡͣ𽥵ػع
ǵĿ⣬ܿμҵϣ͡β
磬ҹϣӽһĹһ
ͨ͡һǰġ
ǰ󲮣ҲģҶġ
βҲǰʹ顣
Ӽ
ͻȻӴǡ
μؿлֱ˵
Ӵæ˵ޱȡ
֮ǰμҵļ
ɽ֮ףѾʸվͬһ߶ȣһУֻΪŮһѣɽ
Ӽ֣ҷϵǶ˵Ϊ
Ӵǣ˵
磡
󲮣
䣬ͺβˣ׷ɫ䡣
ãμԡ
Ӵǵͷۿվ𣬾Ҫߣһ̧嫵ӿѹ
˫֣Ӵֱӷϵ˵Ϊ
㡭úݣ
Ϳоǳޡ
ҲҪˣ
β
٩
ԶһμӵܣڻȥʷЩǸӶˣӽǲμˡ
ǣ
٩ԣҪȥ
ȴֹˣμСǮҰˡȥʷ͸ȡЩȻˣ뿪޳ǡ
ǡ
һҵūӦ¡
ˣͶлˡ
æл
μԺطҪμæ񣬿ޱȡ
ڳıͣ׷Ŀɿڴ
յٲȻ
仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ
úݡֻǸһΪҪȥ
Ŀɭ綾ߣ
ֻǣûһΪһͨˣһ߿
գǸһǹ飬ȻˣһǾҵֵһ뿪ɡ
һ֣ӴǺһ֣λǡ
ӴǺĻ£μ˺ƺƵȥ
߹͸ʱûһ¶֮ɫߣü͸¶ֻ


305 Ů
ħ
λڡɽ۹߾ɽ۹ػ
ħפأɵƸӵɽ빹ɣʮ䣬侳նУУʮ֮˾Ŷ·
񣬼ħפһվɽ֮ϣһľĸۡǰԺһˣ̤ն䡣
֮ۡڣ£òȣǰԺʯ̨ϾŮӣæվһɫװ毺õħģһš
Ůӿˣס
ҵϢˡ
˿ŮӣĿ⼫Ź֡
ףѵҳˣ
Լ׹ŹֵɫһϮɫװŮӣɫ΢䡣
Ѿͷǵ£ǵĳ°
Цʡ
ףʱ㻹ЦŮüһ
ѾͷСӶѾˣ㻹Ҿˣ֮ǰ˵ǲԸ޸κ赣ơڣ㵹ϲˡ
ü
ף˵
ŮӴߴٵ
ˣ˵ģû¡Ц

˵ĻŮӶʱ˿û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ˣǼħ
ںŮӣĶŮֽ
ĿŹֵң˵ãɹˡڤǸ侳ǿߣҲ⡣
ֽɫջȻĻһףղ˵ɹǸ侳ǿ߽ˣ
ǡ
ͷ漴ֵѾˣҡû뵽ңֶΣҲ֪һλǿߣñķɱ˷ڤ
ħڵ֪ʹǰºҲĪ
һСĻң˿µ
û뵽ңôǿ󡣡
ֽ˿֮ǰΪġ
㲻ϲϳС˰ɣ㲻Ҳ֪ˣ㡭
ȰȴֽϣֽףǬ½ǿߣмǴһյģ㲻˶ѵͲ׼Ůô
üͷһ壬û뵽ŮԳ˳ԣԸ檡
ŮԸ϶һ£Բưոݡ
ˣ㳤ˣ¸ǹܲˡ㲻һֱ뿪ȥҳôȥɣֻǣº󣬱
˵ɫħʮܿһΣħ´󹦣ܵõʸ񣬾ܴˡ
ֽϣ¶ϲ֮ɫû뵽׻Ӧȥҳףһἰʱġȥˡ
ȵȡ
ۿֽ̤նȥס
ף㻹£ֽʡ
ң˳ʲôֶΣɱɹǿߵġ
ɫص
ף㲻Ϊȥҳİɣ
ֽһֱõĸоü
ȥȥЦ
Ȼȥ
ֽüһֱȥ
У࡭˾ȡɹǰʱᱩ¶
̾˿
ˣ졣
У˰ħڵ֮⣬˿µ
ʹ
ֽţոս٣ͷԶһӰ𽥳֡
һӡ
ӣֽ̲סһΪʵ̫ˡ
رü֮䣬˵Ҳ塢ơ
ʲôˣ
ֽţʵ
ʶ𣿡ֽӣʡ

һ
ʣǳġ
ֽӳƺΪһЩ²⡣
ס
ǰŮӣҳģЩ衣
ԭǲˡ
ֽæһȻ
λħĽСɣ
Цʡ
ңֽһЩϲ
Ϊء
ֽɫ΢Ϊ˵ʶħǧ𣬶СӣƺĪ㺡
ţͷ
ҳġֽ˵
С㣬治ɣǰ뿪ˡ΢Ц
ʲô
ֽü𣺡֪ȥˣ
ҡͷֻ˵Ҫ뿪򣬵ȥҲ֪ȥ
뿪򣿡
ֽߵţһ
Ҳȴû뵽յǸСӣе뿪򣬵ȥ
Ҫ֪磬ǿ߶ԣż
뿪Ҫܴġ
û뵽ô뿪ˡ
ڳ뿪ֽҲǲȣΪԶսһ̸ʱ˳Ի
ֻǣû뵽ô뿪ˡ
ȻﲻڣҾ͸ˡ
ֽԳһЦͻȻ뵽ʲô̲סʣˣ£ңɱɹ侳ķڤڵ𣿡
ͷ
ܸô𣿡ֽʡ
һЦȴû˵
ֽ˵ͷˣ£Ҳǰո׵ķԸ˳¡˵ҹ
ۿֽȥһ̾
ҲһŮ
ֱӣɴ࣬ˬ죬ûʲôĻ
޳ǡ
޳ǲ֪˿μң԰ǰʼҲ֪ʲô»ָƽ
μҺңμһڻ֮󣬷·һϦ֮ͳ׺ͺá
Ψ֪˲ףһУΪһˣһǿſֲƾˡ
μңӴ֮޳ǣӼңҲ
ӭĻԻ͡
μҸۡľСԺС
Ҳ֪ɶʲô
οɶʯǰһ˼š
ϴҸ֮ۡ£Ѿȥ˰꣬Գ˼ٹ
Ϊ£޳УĵλˮǴߡ
˵μң޳ǸУҲ
һǰ磬޳ŵϺŵˣһЩ޳Χͽ
һУȻ֪ԭ
ΪǸˡ
˼ĺˡ
ȥɹǿĹǿߣʹɱϢܿ쫷㴫ݶ
޳ǣҲϢ
ңǿ
ɹǿĹǿߣû취
һʱ䣬Ӽҡڣμңǿ˼֣ǿԳμҵչˣμҶСοɶ֮Ĺϵô򵥡
Ժ󣬳ＫܻΪμҵŮ
ʱμңȮ졣


306 С
ߣߣ
۵һĻǻߡ
һ뿪޳Ǻ󣬻µʱ䣬߳˻
֮⣬һƬһ޼ʵĻĮ
ֻµʱ䣬ǻû߳һƬĮһƬĮ·ޱ޾ûоͷһ㡣
ʱһˣҲ̲סЩꡣ
ƣľһӡûˣ
￴ԶСƹüʵ
Сƹ̧ͷԶСӣҵļУ֮ǰǰ治ԶӦôһСȥҲ֪лڲڡ
У
СƹĻڵһˣ׷Ŀһ
ʺĻĮУгУ
ЩȣƣһĳУ
䡢ѪȺɱ¾ĳСлڣҲ̫ǽ룬ΪǸطʵ̫ˣһܵشùһЩŤǿߣ֮ǡ
УСƹУ͸¶Ѫȣ·ֻԻ͵Ĺȥ
СƹĻ硢ɺ˾һۣЦˡ
ΪǬ½У׷ǿߣһ·ϣٲ˼裬Ϊ¡Ϊǻ̸ʲô׷ؼңʵȢϱһˡ
ߣ
Сƹߺһ⼸ţ»Сӡһ¶ı飬һ㶼⡣
˵̫磬ȥδػڡ
Сƹ˵
ڲڣ֪еĴڣЩͷټ£ƵʺĵطԼ
ҡͷ˵
ɺ˾硣׷׵ͷΪȻ
ΨɶһϮ£վڳߣų֣һƽ
ʲôطгʲôν
һ޾ĻĮжȹ
ƣ˵ġԶ
ǰӶа£￴Сƹһġ
ߣǰҶԣ룬ȻǡԶǵٶȣ߰ҡӦܵǸطǲ֪лڲڡ
Сƹͺһ
ǰʮգһˣڿߡ

ߣһǰһ߷Ӷ
˵ϣµķ֮⾳Űĵ֮ϸһ𣬺֮ˣ׷ǰ֮ˡ
֮˵ٶȣվҪϼ֣ܿռǰ֮˵ǰ
һԲϣֱӶ
𶯣µ
µĵ֮໥ײ⾳֮յһȦȦ
󣬺֮ˣʵʤһһƣֺɱ
ɱֺ󣬽ֵİɽ
ã
ͻȻɫһ䣬Ϊ侳ߣתĿǣ̤ն
ʲôˣ
侳ߣһˣһĵ̣Եñ뺷ޱȣＸ˵ǰĿһһɨＸˣʵ
ǰԡ򡯣뿪ѾƬĮ˽ĸ£ǰƬĮδǾͷ
˾վǰһ΢ʵ
Ǹʺĵط
˺˵´˾һۣǴǸʺĵط߳У
У
Ｘԣһ顣
ˣ߳ˣΪС
˾ЦȴҲҷ
Ӹˣ͸ǣǰһֱǰߣǡǡһȰǸϽǽʲôµطȥĲпᣬЩġ
˵꣬⣬Ӷȥ
˲乤򣬾ʧڳＸ˵ǰ
ƣղΪΣ￴Сƹʵ
ٵ侳ء
Сƹ˵ɫ˫ͫ͸¶ָ֮ɫû뵽ȥǻڡСӣǵҪȥǸطɲʲôõط
ﵭһЦȻǻĳУȻҪȥʶһ
У߲̾Ů˱òõʱǲҪǷǡ
Сƹһ۳ߵɶ˵
ԹŮ˶ˮ
رǣòɵŮˡ𼫶Ůɫǿᡣ
ò
һôã
֮ǰöָУһطòõġǼˣ䲻ܸıϵϢòȴܸı䡣Сƹ˵
ָһҵСƹеط
طΪݾ
¿Ҳ̲ס棬ݾصݡǽϵԼòӶס
Գ侳صΪټ϶ƿأһʱĹ򣬾Ҫ㡣
Σ
Լò˸仯￴ɶˣЦʡ
⡭
硢ɺ˾磬ȫĳĿɿڴ
ǰһ˼飺ƤߣĸıԼƤķֲӶıò
ƤߣֱӵĶݾȣסݾǱߵ껨ѴۡһǿġСƹһȻ˵
Сƹóʱ硢ɺ˾磬Ͳ³ߵ긽
СƹĻҲȡ
ܿ죬ݾִɶ˵ڶգһ˾ͼˡݾ֮
ȷʵϢܸоġ
ɶݳһòͨŮʱﻹܸоɶеϢ
ҲҪ˲УǸ侳ߡǣ϶ϲСƹ˵
ǰգһ˾ͷ֣ǰʱԿһЩ߷Ӷ
ȻһЩߡڲԶɱ
Ѫȣɱ¾
·޾
ȥǻ
Сƹ̾˿Χóһ𾪵һĻһ㶼þȡ
ǣǰˡ
СƹʱＸ͸ԶϡԿǰԶɳ֮עһǡ
עڻĮ֮Уһݷľޡ
ʱ˶ɡ
ǣ
ＸˣĿһ
Сƹ߶ɵĳУ
һˣһͷСƹ̤ǵķȥ
ۿǣǰ
ԶķӶȥľˣΪ׵ˣǲʲôĿ˳һ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬һ˾ͷһǿǵϡ
侳һֻ
ЦˣΧĲϣֱ⡣
СӣǱˡ
СƹۿԶΪ׵ľˣ̤ն䣬˵
֪ЩˣΪΣ
ʡ
Ϊ֮ˣ侳أʣµˣ侳һأ侳أ侳ء
Сƹֻ˳УҲ˳硢ɺ˾ĶС
ߣǽǵˡ
ǸַЦкһš


307 ˣ
磬һͱ硢˾Ըǵе侳ߣһɶְǡ
ﴫ硣
ͷ¶Ȼ⡣
뿪һ·˺ü£л֣Щ
ɺ˾磬ҲӶ
ͬΪսӣǵ˼һ졣
ɶһȥǡ侳һߣһ
￴ɶ
ɶ˳ͷ
ƣǸ侳߽㣬ûɣ
ﴫСƹʡ
ֻɫһƾ
СƹߺߵСӣñ߶Ըǲ̫ˡ
ٷϻΧ˶࣬Ǹյǣ̫ĿߣȥǱߡ
üСƹһ䣬漴кˡ


ʱڳĴ£һһ˵ĵطӶȥ
ӣ
ۿ˷ǣתûʲô˵ĵطȥһоУΪ׵ˣ¶Ц
ߣ
ˣ׷ȥ
ͬʱһˣȻ١
ܿ죬һƬã˵ĸ߿֮ϣӿϿգһˣСƹƽ
ˣ
ܿ죬Ϊ׵ľˣ̤նۿＸ˲ӣ¶Ц֪ӣҲӲ˶Զ
Ҫʲô
￴ˣ˫ʡ

˴ЦСӣ㲻ǵһǰɣڶǣɱ¾ǳ£գֻܹԼù侳͸ڶΧҡǲǣǽ˶ǣǵ˶ǡ
ô˵׼ɱǣǣ
ʡ
㻹ûôЦˡ
ˣҲ̲סЦˡ
һ侳һߣĿ˳ɶϣüŮˣʵǲȴ̫һˡҪȻǿץȥһɱ
ӣֻŮôҲһգ
Աһ侳һߣȡЦ
õúܡ
侳һߣһ㣬໥ȡЦ
ȴûз֣ϣڲϵ
ɶۡ
ӣ
ݣ
˵ıȣͿƿͬʱ
꣡
Ϊӡĵ侳һߣ
Ϊ׵ˣˡ
˿һŵӶˣûӦ
⣬
ò˵СˣȻΪӶϡ
ÿǰһϵ⾳֮͵֮͸˼֣侳أ͵Ϯɱӣò˵ЩֶΡֻǣգɣ
ﵭЦˣǰкܶ˵ֻⷬϧµĶǡ
һһ⡣
ϣ֮⾳֮ڣӿ˳
һ侳һߣ侳߽ߣҲ׷׶ˡ
ۿĹû˼ϷЦֻǣܿ죬ϵЦݾͳˡ
ˡ
֪ʱֻ֣һɱ֮˵м䣬ɢؿԡ
˲䣬ֻСܿͱһֻɫ󹷣ɫϣ˸һ˿˿ɫ
⾳֮͵ֻ֮ɫϣֱĳɫɢ

˲ɫĿϢɫ䡣
ֻҲΪ
˵Ҫһ㣬Ͳơ
ɫ󹷳ɫͫף˵ϣͷͨ۳ʱĹצѾݺ£˸ɭȻĳŰĵ֮⾳֮
䣡
ɫһ£ֱӽ˵Ŀ˻ûüͨɢ
ļ
ǰΨһͷ
ү
һڵˣסӰĿɿڴ
ǵУ֪ʱֳĿ־壬ͺһᷢʲôµһ㡣
ǡɱү
Ǹ侳һߣ˼ضųһˣ·˹һ㡣
ＸˣӭȥЩɱ˭֪ԷһΪ׵һôŹ֡
ҲӣҲɱ


ڳＸ˾ʱͣյˣ·õһ㣬˷Ӵܶȥ
ûһͬӵġ
ɱǣ©һ
ʱΪɫ󹷵ƣһֱӵ侳һߡ
侳һߣշӶûûƶˣͱһˡ
ܿ죬ƾһˡ
ˣҲʶʲô·֮׷ɱļˡ
׷ϵģһһɱ
ʣˣʱûƶˡ
䣡
ɫ󹷵ƣſѪڣ֮У̺ſµ⾳֮˲
䡪
ըһˣ
ݣ
ķɵͨ·۾һѪɱһˡ
ʣһˡ
ɶɷ磬ûƶˣٶ֮죬ԶӴ֮ˡ
Ｘ˺Ƹȥ
ܿ죬ǾͿɶе£һˣʳȾѪм
ߣ
ƱһųＸˣֱһ߷ӶȥһֱһʱƵ˶ǵһˣһ˲ͣ¡
磬ǡ
ɶɻＸˣּһµģ
ɶġ硱ܵĶûＸôࡣ
ЦɶǸղɱˣ²һˡ
ʲôˣǵȫΧҲû˿ǳ֣ǿߣΣһҲǡ
ɫ󹷵ƣ»Сƹһںӡ
ϣɡ
˾ͷ
ղţһʣµľګıУǸ侳һ߿ŵ䣬ǾʶɱǸˣݷǱѰ
мΪµıͿɽ
Ȼ˶ɱˣעǲء
Ϊ˰ȫǼٱòȻΪ΢
СƹԳＸ˵
Ｘ˵ͷ磬ǵУǰΪߵСƹڻ紳ľΪḻ
Ͼȥһλǿߡ
Ȼǽ塣
Ͼڻ紳ǿߡ
⼸С񡱣ǿ̫ˡ
ٲȻΪǵĹǡ
ߣǡ
һˣСƹһŲԶĶǶȥ
˿̣Ƭտ˵ĻĮ
һԸ߿£ˤ࣬һѪʬ壬ͻȻһ漴ޣͺƾʧһ㡣

ͬʱԶĸ߿֮ϣһӰڵشŴ
Ǹ侳ߣ̫ˣҵ츳ͨǡͨעɱľͲҵͨˡ
һˡ
һ۾ϳˣ֮ǰΪ׵ľеһˣһ侳ߡ


308 
ɱү
뵽ղŷ£˵УֳɭȻĿ־塣
һ·ֱ֮Ƿȥ
ǣǬ½һƬãеһУ棬ûûй
κߣһԲͣɱ¾Ǻƽ¡
Ǻһ·һ˼ɱ¾
ǣѵû˹ܣ
üЩ⡣
Ҫ֪ʮ߳ݳǣ浽κһУάֳ
ǣǰˡСƹһ㶼þȡ
ܿ죬һˣҵһ¥ʱš
¥󣬴УҲֻߡӣյˣＸ˽ʱ͸оЩ졣
һǰ£Χ¥˹̨վһ欵ˣ޵ڶˡ
¥СûС
λˣԵʲôȵʲô
˴ӹ̨߳趯߰Ľɺ˾磬˸ۡ
ϰϼƲˣƿٻ𡣡
˵
ٻ𣿡
Ļȴҡͷˣֵͼˮ˵СûУǣҲС
ͼˮ
˵Ļһ顣
𣿡̽ʵ
ûУֻһ־ˮЫˡ
˸˸ۣ˵
ء
ʱڳߵɶü΢Ŀ⣬ϡ
ˣ㿴СӶˣҪҾ͸һƿЫˡٳˣ
˼ɶԴףЦ߰Ľţǰһ˫ΰͣǲӿĿ
ԡ
ͷתŤŷĽȥ˳Գȥˡ
¥ƺЩ֡
˾翴˿տľ¥ü
һֳˣϣһӣһƿƣˡ
λˣã滹ˣϺá
ƺͲ˷£ֻ˳
㡣
˶ǻˣò˵˵ĳղ˲ֻģǺÿ

Сƹӣץ𼸿Ƭ
ʱƿЫˡ磬¥
ţ
ֻǣ񣬳硢ɺ˾üͷȴǴӾУŵһ˿ԡ
һʱ䣬

ʱСƹԾ˳ϵЫˣ࣬һƿЫ˶ˡ
ܽѪĺþƣ¥һ㡣
Сƹһ㣬ˡ
ƣ֪ˣ
һһֺÿĻˣĳ⣬ôۣȫûʳ
˵ɫҲȫˡ
磬ôˣ
ɶʡ
ûʲô
ҡͷԸɶǰ˵ࡣ
Щ£֪֪Ҫá
ûϰｫǣɶ֣߳˾¥
򣬳﷢֣·һЩߣһüŹֵĿڿǡ
ﲻɿЦ
ǵˣ֪Ҿ¥ĵϸ
¥ľƺͲˣΪһ׼ġ
רΪؿζ׼ġ
ܿ죬Ҳˣɫ̫ÿҡͷǰƺôҲ࣬ѵûһ㶼ų⣿
һǼһڿ¶ԼΪȮˡ
Сӣˣ
ֹһӣСƹӾ¥ڴ
˽ȥ˶СƹԵøɸɾֻˣСƹƿЫˣȫˡ
ľ¥һҲˣæȥ
˿ųһˣСƹȥһ˫欵ӣ˲Ȥҵľ¥ֲȾƣֲԲˡǵһεǡ
Сӣ¥ľƲ˶ܲǾȻԡǽƲõĲϰɣ
Сƹʵ
һƣ֪ô
ȥģ
Сƹʡ
ҸջЪŰɡ
˵
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͻȻԶĵ棬֮һˣֻо涼ʼ΢ز
ԶһӺƺƵĳϣǰ޴棬ӴСɽޣЩޣ϶ɢſµϢ
ֻ
ﾪȡ
Ǿż
ʱСƹҲ
ֻֻǵֽϣҲƳɵ
𡪡
һֻǲϵ·Ը
Ȼƴϵƣϵѹ
ʲôƳɵ
һĻЩȡ
Ĳϣϡ֮֮ϣǲ˼ǳơ
Сƹ˵
Ȼԭˡ
ܿ죬Ｘ˵Ŀ⣬ںСϣСʮ涼һߡ
Щߣ·Ѿûһ˷
Χһȥ̽ǣҲΪ
ȫ侳߽ߡ
̽Щ˵ΪЩȡ
ӵΧһɫߣʮˣһ̤϶ɢµϢ
ʮ侳ߣ
ﵹһôų
侳ߣڻһǿߡ
ȻУЩ侳ߣֻ֧ӵĻ
Сӡ
ڳΪЩ侳ʱСƹڳߴЩ١
ţɻ
Ǹߣϵ׹ӣһ
СƹԳ˵
ԣСƹָ֮ˡ
һͷ׳С
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬˹ͷ׳Ĳϣ̲ͫסһ⡭ǡôܣ
ؿͷ׳ϵ׹ӣһö׹
ֻǣ׹״ԣȴôϤ
«״
һģһ
֪ʱƾճһö«׹ӣʸͷ׳ϵĺ«׹Ӳһ״ȫһ¡
ͺһģӿ̳һ㡣
Сӣ׹ĵģ
СƹĿ⣬ܿ˳ϣųϵĺ«׹ӣĿɿڴ𶯣Ǽ«񡭡«Ҳˣѵ⣿
شСƹ˭֪ĺ«׹ӣͻȻһƴ̹ǵıëȻ

ͬһʱ䣬ڵĹͷ׳ͻȻУһƤһ̻˳졣

Сƹıȣڳߴóæ«׹Ӹ
ʱͷ׳ĽͣЪɫƤָ˳̬
㡭ղŽʲô
һ侳ӻͷ׳ǰʵУɱ⡣
ˣ
ͷ׳·η侳
ߣ
侳ɫһһ̧֣׹һֱ

ͷ׳ڣ׻ҽˣ
㲻ϲô
侳Įɨ˹ͷ׳һۡ


309 ħ𹦡
ƣҵĺ«׹Ӹĺ«׹ӣѵʲôϵ
ﴫСƹ
ǵãĺ«׹ӣǵ뼫ź󲻾ãھ۱ãʱ֣«׹ʲôͬŷھ۱ֵط
ʶţֽöԼûʲôر׹ӣ͸ţ
ٺţʧǣΪū͢ϣö«׹ӣ˻
Ӵ֮ö«׹ӣͱָС
ֱգͷ׳ϵĺ«׹ӣĺ«׹һģһŽóԱȡ
˭֪ĺ«׹Ӹȡ͸ͷ׳ϵĺ«׹ӣ˹
ö«׹ӣʧ̬ѣԲǷ
ƣǰߡ
ǿߣ
һʶ㣬İƬ
ɽգΪö«׹ӣƳʧ̬
ʶĺ«׹Ӻ͹ͷ׳ϵĺ«׹ӣżܡ
СӣͷٸͣҪǡȡϵ׹ӡסö׹ӣһ׹Ϊһ壬һ컯
Сƹĺ٣һҸղŴ˵ܾš˵һֻʲôͣҲűߣɷߡ
ŹֵؿСƹһۡ
֪СƹĵϸҲһֻʲôŷ
ʱǸ侳ӻֹͣ˶Թͷ׳׻ʵ㣬´Σ
ͷ׳һ󺹡ĿȻޱȡ
Ϊλᱻ
￴ͷ׳ʡ
ʲôˣ
ͷ׳һ۳ֿһ۳űߵСƹĿĮޱȡ
ˡﴫص
ңƾ㣿ͷ׳ĴУ˷Ц
Ҫ㣬ȱõΣ㲻ԸңǾˡ
ﵭȻ˵ʵڵĴңҲԿһңһûС
Ȼ֪ͷ׳Ҫʲôʶͷ׳ӣù
ͷ׳üͷ󣬺ݺһͷ·¶˾ʲôĿģ
ɲΪ˻ƽ޹Ҫ
Ǭ½֮ˣϡ
Ȼ󡣡
ص
Ҫʲôͷ׳
ģҪĶԣֻǾ֮ͣ㱾ȥΪʲô
˵ͷ׳ġ
ͷ׳ĬˣԣˣֻҪܾңԸҪĶ
ʣڣԸңΪλᱻЩˣʲôˡ
ͷ׳˵Ƕǡ޸ˣ޸ƿضЩˣǴӸ޶ս޲ɱ

Ȼ̲סһ
޸Ҳ֪ʲôͷǶǵ
Դ޸˽⣿
ʡ
ֻ˵Ǵ޸ġǼΪµǿߣ¸ǿߣǿơ
ͷ׳˵
ĸǿߣ
ͫһ޸Ƕеһ
ֻǣƺȴ޷ƿضǣӶǵ״ͿԿ
޸ڶǣȻһҶ
㣬Ӧʡ
ȥԪʯҡ
ͷ׳ĿУ𼸷ϣֻҪ㹻ĸ߼ۣĹ£ӦûԸ⽫㡣
Ԫʯ
ȻֻԪʯĻԣ⡣
֪ˡ
ﴫӦһʱͷ׳ųԶȥ
ô
Сƹʳ
£Ҫӳ飬Ҹջţ֪«׹ӵ¡
ɫص£֪ľö«׹ӵ
ԴˣСƹҲû塣
缸ˣȻ֪Сƹڽʲôӳﲻϱõɫ²⵽Ӧ÷ʲô¡
ǣвٿջֻǣ߹ҿջһ˾ʶǵͨջǮһֻסһ죬ҪһöƷԪʯ
ڻ򣬻û˵пջҪȡԪʯġ
˵ȡƷԪʯ
ֱǷƷ
󣬳һˣҵ˵ļһõĿջжԺӣһԺӣһöƷԪʯ
ʮԪʯһס
ɶԺｫԼö«׹ȡ˳ſڵСƹƣö«׹ӣʲôʲô
ɶڳߡһ档֪ʲô¡
ö׹ӡ֮Ϊ«񡯣Ǹͷŵ׹ӣǡ«񡯡«ͼ«񣬱һԣ֮ǰһԺ«ǿ໥ɱǿߣвΪ䡣
˵СƹɫͫУ͸¶ȡ
꣬һɱʵԼȥ
ֻԶԶհһ˫«Ĺʡ
֪˭õһ˫«
ȥû뵽Լټһ˫«ڿͷ׳ϵö«ͼ
óһö«Ǽ«飬͸ˡ
ǿߣΪ䣿
ĿɿڴôҲû뵽Լö«׹ӣͷô
񣬲֪оź«֣·һɲǾͱóġ
š
Сƹͷųļ«͸¶ȡ
ö«񣬾кʲô
ʡ
«ͼ«һһ𣬽ϳɡ«񡯡õ«֮ˣ൱ڵõһ켶˵«棬̲һ켶ħ𹦡
Сƹĺһ̣ü
켶
ԣ̲סһ
켶̶ȣ켶似
û˵ÿһ켶似
Ҳһ켶似ɵ⡷
Ȼ켶򣬶ûһס
켶켶似к𣿡
ʡ
Сƹ˵߸ûȣ켶似Ǭ½һЩʢĵط۳ۣ켶Ǭ½һǿδһף
ʲô
һǬ½һǿδһ켶
Ǭ½֮󣬵ڣڵͼϼʶ
Ǭ½УֻǱɽһǡ
Ǭ½һǿǾԶԶġ
ڣǬ½һУǿ߿¶
δһ켶
˵һ켶߽似Ҳδһ켶ͽ׹󡣡
Сƹ˵
ˡ
ıˡ
𺳵ͬʱĺҲ
ֻҪõǸͷ׳ϵļ«ͿԽԼļ«뼫«ϳɡ«񡱣켶ħ𹦡
ΪǬ½ϣ켶Ķ⹦˭Ҫ


310 ǡ踮
켶ħ𹦡
У¶貵Ĺ⻪
뾡õͷ׳ļ«񣬳ٿб䡣
ͷ׳ٵĴԼ޸ĵϸСƹһ˵ʣƣа취ڲ˵£ڴ޸жȡͷ׳ļ«񣿡
Ȼͷ׳Ԫʯ
ڳ￴Ҳ˵ҪѶԪʯܽͷ׳Ľͷ׳Ҳע⣬ܻҪ鷳
ⲻԸġ
ԣֻҪбİ취ѡ
ĿģǼ«
Ȳȹͷ׳ͷ׳ں
ΪǬ½ôпᣬﾺ档
ǰҲȴ޸ȥˡ
СƹɫͫףһƼɵ⣺ڶǱҵһʵѽƿء޸ĸ侳ߣڣһ侳߼ܡ
侳
ü侳ߵĴڣ¿¾Щˡ
ѵҪԪʯ
Сƹ
Сƹҡͷǵˮĺܣսū˽·Ϊɵʵ¼սūҲûʲôûǸʵǰսūŸ߳¾ͱ˶ϡϾ⣬ԡڶǣûκ͹Ҫ˵͹Ҳǿƶ͹򡣡
ͷĵģҲĵġ
ǵȥմ֣ǹۿȥ̽һʵ
Сƹ
á
ͷ
硢ɺ˾еһ𣬳˵ԼҪȥۿ˶ֳ˺ܴȤ
ϳ
Ц
ǣǿƣһЩʵ˵ǿߣһ֮Լƿص
ں裬һ
ں裬Ƕǿļǿеһˣһʵˣʮǰƾһ֮ڶǴһƬýɽǡ
Ǹʱʼǵһ踮Ӧ˶
踮ڶ̶ʮ䣬ͷչվڶǶ˵ǿ޸ȼ
չգ踮ں衱£Ĵǿߣǿơ
ں踮˵ں˶᲻ԾһĴָ
һ˵ںĶӣٸۡ踮ˣҪôĿŹ֣Ҫô̾пһӢ̯ôĶӡ
ۣ踮ںĶӣ͡踮ͬһ굮
踮ں裬簮ޱȣڵСʱͻѴۣΪ׼õҩԼ֮Ԫʯ
˵۵ú踮˶Ϊ֮ۺ졣
ۺҲûã˭̯ôõһס
ʱں踮˿պɾ;ڵں衣
Ȼʮȥȴһ˼Ϊ
ôõȻһϲţʮˣһΪ侳ء
ҲˣԽܵǣۣΪҲˣϲһȺڶǸ£ÿһζǺ踮棬ƨɡ
أ踮ˣʱ͸¶
ΪǸĶӣͱ踮ˡ
ˣˣ
Ȼգڶһƽޱȵġ踮ͻȻһ̺ľ֡
踮ˣ׷׷£񷡣
߿֮ϣһӰӶɫæ
ǲүߵɳô
ɳɳô£ֻһ˻ˣɫ˴æ
үʲô˰ɣ

踮£һȺնӿӹһӰ
ܿ죬ӶӰͱһȺΧס
ɳʲôˣ
ү˰ɣ

踮֮ˣһޱȣȻǶڵۼΪмǰҪһү
ۣô˵𾴵ĸĶӡ
ԣɮ濴档
ɳüΧһȺֵˣ˿᣺ÿҪȥ
ߣɳˣ㵱껹ûүʱһ㼸öƷԪʯүӶŵȥˡ
ǣɳɲ˼
ɳ׳ʲôˣ

һȺ˿ɳǣ׷üһЩȥɳˣ̲ס䳰ȷ
ɳԴӳ˵۵Ĺӣ˶ˡ
αá߸ϡ
ʲô£
ʱһͳԲԶմ
˷ۿȥͿ֮УһӰ۳Σһ׷ԲԵˣ˿ͨͶ䣬ȴ˴Īѹ
˴ˡ
߿һȺˣˣæ
λ˴ˣǺ踮߹¡͢ҲǸεˣĴǿ֮һݲǵ
йһȺ˸ɢȥ
һʱ䣬踮߿֮ϣֻʣ¹͢ɳˡ
ɳô£үôûһ
͢ɳüʵ
˴ˣҪҪүˣˣ
뵽ʲôɳϣֳ޾ľ֡
ʲô
˵үˣ͢ž޲ɫҲʱ䣺׳ʲôˣ
Ϊ踮ںεˣ͢Ȼ֪ڸ˵ʤһУΪӣϧǬ½ΪС
һУ֪ԭ
ˣӺΪԵʣһкá
£踮֮Уֻи˺֪
Ǹǿߣ֪¡
˴ˣЩˣү
ɳҪµȥ˵ȴ͢ϣ͢һ֣µ֮ХɳϣѸ踮ӶȥЩȼ˸ˣ˵ɡ

͢ٶȼ죬Яɳת۾ʧڸ߿գ踮Ͽգ»ָƽ
˴˾Ȼɳˡ
˴˴ɳôֱǱ߶ȥпүˡ
ɣڶΧ˭֪үǺ踮簮Ķӣ˼Ҫ֣˭Σ
˵׼ǹǽأ

踮֮ˣջ˿߿յĿ⣬ٴ
ǣµһЩ¡
˾Ųʮ
踮ཨȺľͷһĹ
񣬹͢ɳ֮ǰ
ˣˣ
͢վڹ֮ǰݶż̾Ȼ
֮ڣΪƽ
ɳڻɣ˵ûλ˴˵Ļ
͡
ʱɳĿһؿǰԶһߴˣ·ƾճֵһ㡣
ˡ
ɳæ
һɳߴ˵ͷֿɳߵĹ͢͢ôңʲôҪ£


311 ޸Ĺ
ߴˣǶǺ踮ĸں衣
ˣڰ
͢ں裬̾˿


ڹ͢ʱµڣԲʮ֣Եޱȣ
ʱֻҪںһͷʮڵһУͻᱻ촷ۡ
ô£
ں迴Աߵɳɫɷףǿʼ
ںǺ踮ڶݺ踮нգһˣǻҲͬ׿
͢һ̾µ¡
Ȼϣ̫ı仯ȻģȴھҲ
Ȼһ֮Ҳ᲻Ծķơ
ˣүˣ
ɳҲ
ʬأ
ںͳѹ֣ƽƽ֮ȴѹ޾ķŭ
ʬ屻˻ˡ
뵽ֻµĺɫ󹷣һƾͽү飬ɳͷʼð
ֻɫ󹷣ʵ̫ˣ
һ棬үͱɱˣ
ҹȥ
ںӣ˸âɳ
ɳȻ׵ںҪԼȥģæͷתǰ·
˭֪һɸʤ֮͢תϣǣֱƶˣָ·
ǣˡ
֮Ƶɳæ˵
ۿںɳȥ͢ҲæȥүҲż
Χ˭֪үǺ踮۰Ķӡ
ʲôˣôӣɱү
ˣ
ɳָ·ں͹͢һȺ˽ճµĵط
ãĴϣϡܿһЩҳʬ壬ɢڸ
ϵʲôˣ
۲һûʲôر֮ںüɳʡ
ϵá
ɳҡͷһЩס
ף
͢üô˵֮ˡ˵˵µȥ
ǡ
ɳæȥһһ˵̾˭Ҳû뵽ǾһΪǿֻɫ󹷣һƾͽүɱʱһԼġͨ¶һ
뵽Ǹ˵ֶΣɳ̲ס⡣
һŵĴâ˲ʹ͸ͨĲӡ
˭ɱҵںĶӣڵߣҲҪҳ
ں˸˵ĺ⡣
͢ں迴͢
ˡ͢æӦ
Ѳǣûɳ˵Ǽˡһ֣ɱۣɳϵЩˣҲȥ˹£ܲܽͿıˡҲ֣ҲȥҶᡣ
ںƽɳУȴ̲סɫ䡣
ǹӦǣˡ
ǵҹ
СʱԿһЩ⽣ӰѪζǡ
һǣһΪĹӽǵġǴ޸ƿص
˵޸֮ˣ˲֪˲
޸ͬں踮踮ʮǰſʼڶȵ𣬶޸ǧ֮ǰǶǵһޱȣԶǺ踮ܱȡ
ֻǣƾ̣˵踮޸̫ϡ
踮ں裬ʵˣʤ޸
ԣڶУǴ޸ҲԸȥ踮
ſڣһȺӿȺųһ糤Ķ顣
ֻҪһԪʯͿԽۿѪɱ˺֮ɱ
ÿһɱῪ̶ľ֣ЩãһϣͿ׬ȡһ꣬Ԫʯ
ԣҲǶеĴ󲿷ˣ֮ء
ǼȿԵõǿҵӾܣлõԪʯ
Ȼܵõر֮ˣ֮١
о仰˵úãʮľ䡣
ɾˣֻһɵʤʣĶͽ֮͡
ųʮųɳĶ飬ȥŶӹ볡֤ͨ
볡ֻ֤ͨΪΡ
Щ۸һ֤ͨʲô𣿡
һˣСƹڣҲվһųɳĶ֮Уܿ죬ֵǣ־񣬳ʡ
ˣ֤ͨһõ¥ᣬˣͨĴڣԸ⣬ڰ֮УرΪ׼ľϣԽÿ侳
ڵ֤ͨǶ¥λؿ֤ͨһ¥λһ¥λҰԶԣûж¥á
һŮԹԱĵضԳｲ
ӣŶȥǰŴү˷Ѵүʱ䡣
ڳ׼ʱһ̵̺Զ
ͷȥֻһĴ󺺣ŭ󺺵ĿУǷ̺ͱġ

һɨ󺺣У³һ֡
ţֿǸŮԹԱ΢ЦҪһ֤ͨ
õģˣ֤ͨʮöƷԪʯ
ŮԹԱԳ΢Ц

ڳȡʮöƷԪʯ׼ŮԹԱʱһڳ嫰ӿ˳
ߣ
һߣԳߵɶдɶΧ͵ķ֮⾳
ݣ
ɶ׼ʱһŵĽ⣬һѪȴΧѲߵһԱ֣һҪ˴󺺵
֮⾳˲
һ侳ǿߡ
һĻóＸĿɿڴΧˣ˾ռһ㡣
ۿԱ󺺵ʬȥΧˣ۷׷ף˵ӣҿӡſڣ£򣬼ֱ
ǣ޸ܲǣȷʵ޸ĲҵһĶֵأͱ밴մ޸Ĺ
£Ҳ

Χ˵ĻȻ
ԭˡ
һʱ䣬޸ּɵ˼֡
һѲߵĹԱе侳ʵõͷ׳ġ«񡱣
ˣ֤ͨ
ŮԹԱһŽ𿨵ݸˣ֤ͨɳʹáڶοʼŶӣֻҪ¥ḶʮöƷԪʯɡǱߣӵ֤ͨĿ˵רͨ
ŮԹԱָ㣬ؿ棬һͨ
ǸطҪŶӡ
ֱͨ¥
ҲǴǱȥʡ
ǵģˡ
ŮԹԱ΢Цͷ
ʲôطǮǴү
һ˴Сƹ뿪Ⱥͨǰҡͷп
ǰˣһҲˡ
ֻǣǰҲһײˣһֻҪӵǿӵдԪʯϲˡ
ò˵ָоﻹͦܵġ
һ֤ͨҪʮöƷԪʯֻǹۿһ
˾̲סզࣺһŵ֤ͨʮöƷԪʯ
ҡͷЦһŵ֤ͨҲֻһ˵λ֤ͨɶˣ˶˵λһǰᣬ֮䣬ûпɱԡ


312 
ͨڣվһĹԱǹվɽ
ݹ֤ͨˣ
һˣֱͨͨĵ¥սȥһŮӭ΢ЦΪ׵ĳˣ֤ͨ
ｫ֤ͨݸŮӡ
Ůӽӹ˳֤ͨ΢΢һЦˣ
һ˸Ů
ˣǵİᣬѾԪʯʲôҪʱԿŽңҾ⣬ǽӦ
ŮԹԱＸ˴һİ⣬΢Ц
ﾪȣû뵽֤ͨаᣬһרŸдǵӦ˵ͷӦһõġ
һ߽˰ᣬŮԹԱָ˽ȥŰһЩ
޷οϣԼ¶ע
İˣҪ¶עҲҪʱ֧Ԫʯ뿪ʱ֧Ԫʯ֤ͨȨ
һкŮԹԱһ˴к˳ȥΪǹš
ᣬȻ㲻ϿȴҲխɳ˺Сƹ´ࡣ
ڣǰλ͸ڣؿտˣԻûпʼ
⾵ƣõû
СƹԣֱԾ𣬰ǽһ۵İť
ʱ֮ڣһ澵˳ϵľ񣬼
ƣиӦڣһҪ뿪ҪҪҰæ
￴ƣʡ
ãûгȥĵطô
Сƹ£ؿڰһϣһСȱڣͨ͸ġ
ţȥ֮Сĵ㣬ʵڲУİ취
Сƹһͷ˵
ղٵһУóʶ޸ƿص򵥣һĴѲߵĹԱǵ侳ǿߡ
ѺЩսūĵط˵ûǿ߿أԼš
Сƹ˳һĵ
ǰҲһЩ˺޵ҲһЩ侳ū侳սūһû
˾̾
侳ߣڻѾǿߡ
еĶǣڣȴ侳ߺɱȡڹڡ
侳ߣУ繷
ҲҡҡͷЩп
뵽Լʮңʱ侳ߣԣңɼĴڡ
źϻڵĵڣһգһμ侳ǿߡ
ʱ侳ΪϣУǸ߸ϣ󼰵Ĵڡ
ȥԼҲһ侳Ϊ̤侳ء
ȥи߸ϵһһ
ڼǰС
ꡣ
Сӣܼô
ܿ죬СƹУ˳
ţƣôˣ
һʱֲɶǳ硢ɺ˾磬͵Ц
ŭСƹȻԼղź˵һ䡰繷СƹߵģﰵЦ
յߣѾӦݡ
λӭǸλһ
ʱ֮⣬һͨǸСĹ˽
Ｘͨ⿴ȥ֪ʱһӣϿգǽ֮ˡ
һ侳ǿߡ
ﶼЩľˣһΪ̤侳غ󣬶ûпΪĵ侳ǿߣֻҪһۣͻܿ
ǿߣֻҪûпһּѰ
ܸоĲ
ֲ·
𡪡
ʱһ࣬һֻӴһĹԱƽ˵Ŀ⡣
һֻ༫Ϊֵһ˼δ
ܿ죬ĹԱʹֻ˳
һ׹ǣڿնϿµ۳ΣֱΧĹڽй
嫵֮ƣХ
ʯ쾪
ʱΧλϵһЩڣ׷׾ȴûм𣬺һ㶼ĻᱻĹС
ֱֻһĻСƹߺߵ
̫çײˡ
Ҳҡͷֻ˿ûбľϣçײѰ·
Ͽգˣɫһ
һ̧֣һѹ£
䡪
ʱһɸΪµĵ֮⾳֮˲ͽɢҲѹ
ʵ㣡
˶Į·Ծ֮¡
࣬ҲΪǵ
̧ͷһ˫˶ͫףѪķ
ȻߺǿĽ֮ܳ¡
Ǵ޸ֻҪУٳǻỹɡѰ·ҿԳȫ㡣
̤ն䣬ӣ
ϣµĵ֮⾳֮֮·ֻҪٳԲѷͻֱӶ֣ɱһ㡣
࣬˵Ŀģ
һڴʡ
лػɣȻŹʲôϣһ̣·׵Ժ
Ųǻۣһ֪Ҫ
޸ǧؾˣţϡ
˵Įޱȣ·һ㶼ֻ
ۿٷɨٴն𣬶ΧĹ˵λֻһֻżɡĶ֣ǴҵˣĿǰΪֹѾʤʮ߳أӦöµ˭˰ɣ
գ
գ
գ

˻ʱһ¥ϯǶ¥ϯˣ׷׷һЩˣվ㵸
þͣЪ
ֱ̧֣ΧŽƽ
ΪասūҲһʵǿ侳ߡ
ڣһȺĹڣЦ
ˡ
ɻһ䣬Ｘ˵Ŀ⣬УʱڣѾһӰ
һˣ׳˶ֻһˣͷɢ£Ϣ
ף˵Ŀ⣬Щԡ
ͨڵľϣ˵ݣ˳С
ˣ˫Ŀ񣬸ȫʧ˷ȫ𣬸ԸΪɱ˻
겻֡
СƹüһۣͿ˵Ĳͬ
겻
Ｘ˶һ֪Сƹ⻰ʲô˼겻ѵܺúõػ
ֱ˲˼顣
˵꣬ϸַ֣ΪǡΪΪˣҪô꣬Ҫôǡ
Сƹ˵


313 ץ
ǣ
ò˵Сƹ˵һУԳＸ˶ԣôİ
꣬Ҳ֪
Ȼνǡȴû˵
ڸ˵Ҳʲôʱ̤侳磬ȻͶˡˣȫʵ侳ô򵥡СƹϿġա֪ĿҲ
Ц㲻˵ȫǿ߰ɣ
ǿߣεǿ
ǲȱҲ䵽Ҫɣ
ǿߡǿߣֻʣһꡢһǣʵ˵Ҳ֮ȫӦǵ侳С߽׵Ĵڡֻǣ侳ߣ˵ֻܷǡ
Сƹüͷһ𣬺Խ⡣
ڣء
ڣλһʱעѺʤʣѺʤһ١
ֵˣһΧ˵
ʤʣ
˵ĻڣＸ
ˣźܴţѺʤȻʣĶľ֡ⲻſô
˾Щһ˵Ķľ֡
ˣһкܶעɵ˵
һȻܶ˶ԶѺɣϾһٵʡ
עһöƷԪʯһʤܵõһöƷԪʯ
Щɵ˲ɣаաü
磬Ƕͽԣɵɵ޹ء
ﵹһ㶼þȣԣЩͽԣ̰ԡ
𡪡
Ϊǲ࣬ȻʶԼСˣ̲סŭ
ĶֻܹԼùܻʤʮųȥָ֮ڣԿʼˡ
һӺ˿ɡ˵
ԣĶ֡աͺԣ࣬һὫĲš
ۿû˼ɷŭڿնӶֶͨ£ÿΪ֮ᡣ
𡪡
ſѪڣµ˺һԲı֮ƣϱֱͨӽյڡ
ܿ죬վͱɵ֡
䣡
ȻڽյϣһɫĹΣһȦȦɫɵȫ⡣
ǿ
֮ڣճ֣ͫһ
ˣգĴ֮ƺãֱ˳뻯ĳ̶ȡ
츳ͨûã׾پ͵˻ɵĺŭһ
СƹһĻüͷøˣ·ԽԽ͸ա
ţ
ȻҲû뵽׾ͽĹ𿪡
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ʱڻɵϣ˪֣Ӵ壬ȫ֡
ĵƹ⣬ڻӴϣһʱ䣬ĺ˸ҫۡĹ

ڻɸʱڳھͷ֣ղˡ
䡪
ڳ֮ˣûӦһ촫ֻӴ壬˲䱻ɳȥಿλȫȥûϢ
ֻʣ½գƽվľګؿһС
ͺɵģһ㡣
ÿٶȣÿµһȭ
֮ڣＸĿɿڴǳҲֻһŵӰˣûյĶ
ҶҲһ֮С
˾ЦЩʧ䡣
ɺͳ磬ȻûڣǵɫҲΪأԺ˾һ뷨
գƺرء
Ŀ¶ʣû뵽մ֣ܿôʵһĻ
ǿߣɳڴ޸ϧˡ
ôܡ
Сƹͫףȫ𣬼˹һ㣬˼žеĽգʧ̬
ʤ
ʱϿգˣ
գ
գ

һʱ䣬Χֳܵ
ȻҲвٶͽڴǵܿͱǣû塣
ֱƵıҵ͸ղյĶע¶١
˵
ܿ죬վ³ˣһֻһߡ
һһûʲôر֮ȡʤɱߡ
СӣȥǼһʲôط
ĶߣƵȻ֪ƻе˼˵ͷصСĵ㡣
š
ţСƹ˰ϵǸֱȥ
硢ɺ˾磬עڴ⣬ǶûзСƹȥ
ϣҵǸͷ׳ܳɹļ«
ﰵĿҲصϡ
ʱһֻһߣֻЩȣΪϵֻֻǣȥһԲһֻ

ǵãϻڼ֮һһˣ±һ
ֻǣֻԶֻǿ
ֻǾż
Ķ֣һ侳صߣߣһ˫ӣɭȻĽ⣬վ·һ֮
һޡ
һսΪңʵǿֶβ
󣬽޸һɹնɱ
Ӯˡ
ڣϣ¶Цݣɨ˾һۡ
˾Ƶû뵽ʵôǿżɱˡҲǣ̫ˡ
Цʣ˶ٶע
΢΢һЦ࣬ʮöƷԪʯ
˶ʮö
˾Цһȥ˶ʮöƷԪʯҲ̲סۡ
ѵ
ʱţͻȻ򿪡
ڳＸ˲õػعͷʱǵĿⶼסˣǰģһˣ˵ץһŻɫĶϸһɲǡСƹ
ƣô£
Ŀһʡ
СӣǿƣǱȥҲԼùպ侳صߡ
СƹصΡ
λˣֻǵĳ
˿Ｘˣ΢Цʵ
Ц崺硣
ҸշȻˣǲǸ鷳ˣ
ǰȥһǸ⡣
Ҳûʲô鷳ֻǣйأˣڲ򵽴߶ϣ´ܹܺԼĳ
һ֣Сƹ£Գһͷתȥ
ˣˡ
֮⣬ǸŮԹԱԳＸ΢΢һЦ¹˰᷿š
ƣû°ɣ
ʡ
Сƹҡͷû¡
ƣҲ̫СˡҪ֪ڵ㣬ɲǰˡ
ü
ҺСƹͻˣº֣СƹôĶ֪
ɿСƹһֿۣ˳һۣ¶⡣
ǰãͷСƹˣȴû뵽Сƹȥڲˣܾãûô򵥡


314 пɱ
ɱ硢ɺ˾絹ǿýζüͷȴ
ѵҪȥҴ޸Ĺ£ԪʯȥǸͷ׳Դ˵õͷ׳ļ«
һ̫ˡ
ϵݱÿһһ侳߻ȥÿһнѪΧĹڣһ춯صͺлɱԼһ㡣
ʱ˿̣Ǳص񣬷·ȫй˳
λˣҹķѾȥһ롭ֵλ˻ʱ̣ӵǻѪԼһΪԸĿǣϣһлսūսɱӮȡԼҫ
Ͽգˣ߰
һʱ䣬ٴη
սūսɱ
Ｘ˶Щȡ
ʱﰴ˰һťʱű򿪣ŮԹԱһ΢Ц˽ˣʲôҪ
֪νĻսūսɱôһ£
ɻʡ
ˣÿϵΪϰ볡°볡ϰ볡սūսɱǿԹۣҲ¶עľ֡°볡սūսǵĻʱ䣬ֻҪȤ³ȥɱʤսūսһսһɱսūսޣ˽ԵõһĶľɡ
ŮԹԱ֮ܵɱԣһԼʵûһŵĿˣѡȥսūսɱϾսūսޣΪɱ¾ɱ¾
һľɣ
˾ЩȣĹڣ֮࣬˵Ķʻһ𣬱ȻǼΪӴ
ɣʲô
ջ󣬷Ҳ󡣡
ﵹǲһɶ࣬Ҫ֪һʹŲݣֻһ
Լȥƴһջ˭ԸԼȥƴ
ˣΪ֤ͨӵߣȤսūսһսȨ
ŮԹԱ΢Цʱ˿֪ͨңһϱ
֪ˣлл
ͷ
ŮԹԱ˰ᣬź󣬳Ｘ˵Ŀ⣬ϡ
ϣһ侳ߺһֻչɱ
ʤ
һֻԣֻΪ׻
ֻһ˫ޱȵսʱ磬ӵͨѲ
Ķֱ֣ӱԿµٶȣƱɱ
һӣͿǻʱ䣬Ȥ׻һսĿˣͨǵĹԱеǼǡǽڶʱڣѡһˣ׻һս
ˣ˿Χ΢ЦȻȥһ㣬ԿˣҲһơ侳ߣò룡Ͼ׻ֻǾż侳֣߳ԣƽ
ڣＸ˵Ļ˵ͷ
Ȼơ
ҡͷһ̾
ƣﵹһ㶼⡣
ǵ侳֣߳Щ侳սūսޣǶ֡
Ըֿ
Ҳ֪û˸ȥ׻һս׻ɲһھżУʵҲŽΡ
˾һֻ̾ûκʤ㡣
һżһս֮
ֻżʵǿ󣬳ƵǾżеٮٮߡ
ľɣǴԪʯ룬Ӧû˻ȤԸಫġ
Ц
һ㣬һ̶ӹȥһ׳˶Ӱ߽
һˣһͣȴȡ
棬λΪϡĿˣսޡ׻һսϣҲһλǿ侳ߡλˣһĶľѾʼעˡһǻʤԵõһľɣף
ˣٴοڣɹա
ϣ
ϣ
׻ҿ㣬Ū
׻עӮɱʧ

һʱ䣬ޱȡ
Уۿ׻˶ʮöƷԪʯĶע˾ЩȻ׻ʤʣšһһѺˣҲöƷԪʯΪβһѻϣ㿴ϵʿǡһ
ﵭһЦöƷԪʯܺùʲôûС
˾ҧҧһѺϣʮöƷԪʯѺˣջʮöƷԪʯ
ɺͳ磬ҲŴ֡
˸һԪʯѺ˾ż׻ϡ
ڣֹͣע
ˣһͶһһޣڵԿʼˡ
䡪
˻һʱϵϣĻ档
Ļͨ
һ֣ͶóԼ츳ͨԿ϶һսӡ
˿һ㶼þȣϾɱһһޣעҪһɱ
벻ɱҪȫԸ
𡪡
׻ҲʼΧ֣ͨը֮˷
ͨϵײһһĿ׻Ӵ֣׻̤ն֮಻
ಣ
϶ˣֻϿգлţϻһ棬ֱ׻
׻Ҳʾӭȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һһޣȫ֣û˿
˺һ֮ƣǲϵײֻʣ´̶ײ
䡪
һ죬ɫĻ죬׻֮㣬˳ȥ
һĻľڣ̲ס಻ϡ
ȻһĶľ֣ЩעѺĶǡϡ
ڣ˾Ц磬ɡΣǿҪʧһЩԪʯˣû£ʧģӦò׬
һ۵˾磬ɵһЦ˾ûأ¶ۡ
ⳡĽ֣֮ˣǸղȫʩΪǻϸʤһ˵û⣬Ӧòٷʲôʡ
˾ЩΪ⡣
ֻǣĿ»صϣͫȴ̲סһ
Լһƣ
ѻ죡
˵ֻҪûʲô⣬ȴû뵽ķˡ
ΧԭȻĴ󲿷ֹڣѻȸǰһĻǵͫף̲ס
䣡
˵Ȼһɫ羪ڻûӦ֮ǰ͵ͷ

ɫ䣬͵̧ͷͨͻ֮ƱǣȴѾˡ
ɫ磬Ȼ£żΪµڻϵϡ

ϵĲҽУһţϿգֻһỤ̃ƮɢƬ̣


315 ˻
һƬš
ղŻĻϣֱӱµɱʣ
һ
һľż׻ʤ
ΧʱһЩղŻΪϻˣ׻һûãһʮöƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯҿһöƷԪʯ
ԭΪ³Ӧеʵû뵽ôûã֪Ѻ׻ʤˣȻٵ㣬ҲùʲôûС
Ԫʯ֪һԺҩء

ｫΧڵʧ̬һЦҲȡ
ڣ˾׺ǰΪλ׻ʤ
ﵭһЦʵҲûʲô׻ǰһϸͻ֣ᷢһսûȫʼգֵĿ⣬żӺͱģѹûĶַ
˾Щ㲻ҡ
ɺͳ磬̲סЦˡ
˵Ҳ׻ǰһδȫ
˾翴ˣܴ
ҵûֻ֣ǾСӦñ㿿ף֤Ҳ¶ˡЦ

˾糹
ɶһĻ̲סЦˡ
Сӣ
ͻȻʱĶߣСƹٵ
ôɻ
Сƹߴٵ
ԣʱ̧ͷ˹ȥֻһۣͽ׻º󣬳սūս
УһγսޣһֻԴ嶼ӥΪơ
ǣͷһīļǣ˸ĹĿ
Ŀ⣬һʱ䣬ͱֻŹֵķ
ţĿ⣬˷Ķϡ
һߡ

Ŀ⣬ʱ̲ͫסһ
͵ػͷĿڰڵľϡ
񣬳ϵߣɲǽհڶǽͷǸͷ׳
ͷ׳Ĳϣö«񡱡
«ͨϣسڳǰóĺ̲ס
ôҲû뵽ͷ׳
СӣˡСƹ
һܻ
ȴǲôֹۣͷ׳Ķֻ֣ŹֵķʵԲףͷ׳δĶ֡
СƹԣĬˣҲĲһ㡣
ͷ׳ɱʬĻᱻɱ֮ˣһ㲻ܻʬ壬«񣬻᲻ҲٵСƹɫ΢΢£ǵ
ᣬ«Ϊͣ˵һֻǿߣҲܽٵ
Сƹҡͷ
ô˵һͷ׳ɱ屻顭«񣬽رܻ֮˵ע⣿
ɫһʡ

Сƹͷ
һ˫һԸ⿴Ľ
«䵽޸޸˶ߣҪȡ«񣬽ѱȵ졣
ڣֻϣ㣬ɱֻĻǻлᡭʱȡһսлȡļ«񡣡
Сƹ˵
Ҳֻˡ
ҲףһУѾȫǵĿơ
ֻ򵥣ʵ²һ׻
ɾȵ
ͷӣδսȾ壬һӥʤӦòκˡ
ž֮Ŀ¶ֵĹͷӣ̾
һߣԶֵûУδսȾ壬Ѿһ롣
ɫ¡
Ҳ˹ͷ׳ֹۡ
λϳľżӥաԼոյսūĴǡһ侳ߡ
ˣϿգΪΧĹڽܵ
ܿ죬һĶľҲˡ
Ѻӥʤһһ
Ѻʤһʮ
ֻһ侳ߣӥգڹȥжʮʤսȻʵͣùûУһѺʤˡ
ҲѺӥգûͶӥտս³ֱһ˻
ҪӮһˣѺӥʮöƷԪʯ
ҲѺӥʮöƷԪʯ

ΧĹڣƵۣ˷
һʱ䣬û˿þˡ
ڣͷ׳ҲǾɫޱȣôҲû뵽Լôùյͱѡϲ
ңĶ֣ʱľż
볡֮ǰ˵ˣĶ֡ӥաһս֮ǰսǶʮʤ
һֻµľż
Ǹ˵ҪҵСӣûѵٵң
ڶǸˣЩա
ΪԼ˹ˣãȴֺݺݵص䵽֮С
ΧϯۣҲڶС
أԼûĺӥһսˡ
ˣ
Ҽ尾֮£̧ͷˣæ˵䣬䣡
䣿
Χһ̣׻š
ϡ¡
ǻǵһ˵ġ
ȷҪ䣿
ˣһɨͷ׳У䣬͵ٸһλᣬ㣬Ҫ䣿
ɵˡ

ߣչ´ڡЩսūʱĻȫǶԷ簡ʶ֪
Įɨ˾һۡ
ˣջظղŵĻҲˡ
Ҫ޳ˣ죬Ĺ´ڸЩսūصʱȷʵûһֱ
ţǸˣҪԼʲô
Ҫزʶ
ߣ
ˣĮɨ˾һۡ
һʱ䣬ΧлҪˣȻҪ䡭
Цˣֻɫϲ䶼һػᱻӥ˺顣
ҾҲţٶѺʮöƷԪʯĶӥӮ
ҲʮöƷԪʯ

ڣＸ
СӣǿûϣˡСƹһĻҲЩԳ˵
Ц
Ҳû뵽ͷ׳ôûá
һҪõ«񣬱Ǳȵ컹ˡ
ɺͳ磬עǶѺӥʤһѺʮöƷԪʯ
ǿһֱڸԪʯҪŲƲ¶ףǶ޲ټӼöƷԪʯȥ
Ѻ˭
˾翴ʡ
һҲѺ
ҡͷƵúܣȥע
ҲѺӥʮöƷԪʯ
ϴεĽѵ˾æɺͳ磬ңһս˾翴Ҳûκ
ֻǣܿ죬˾üˣȻʤΪԤһһѺʮöƷԪʯɡ


316 ɱ
ţ˾ھעѺӮʮöƷԪʯ
˾Ƕһ١
ۿ˾ôСĳҡͷЦ
ܿ죬һĶľֹ֣ͣע
ľֹͣעҲζţһʼ
ʼɡ
ˣŶӥպ;ڡ
࣬һսǶ£ϾͻὫ˺飡
ӥĴ˫ᣬµ쫷磬˫۳Σź嫵ֱӾ

̤ǰһɫޱأȻҲףһսغȫԸ
ھͷ֮ϣСɽĺɫԳӰȻ֡
ɲǼ䣬˺ɫԳӰУӴĺɫԳ壬ʵ
һ̣ɫԳӰ·һֻ
䣡
ɫԳһ˫ͫף˸貵Ĺ⻪һȭ嫵˺һ֮ƣֱӽӥյĹ顣
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ӥӴϣֳīĹ˫ᣬһһУÿһɫëϣ˸˵ĺ⡣
ಣ
һ̣ӥȻһɫ硣
ꡪ
صķ֮𣬶ӥջĺɫХֱںɫԳǿ׳ı۰ϣһĨѪ
ٶ֮죬ɫԳӦŶӥ󣬴ȥ
ÿ죡
ڰڣĿ΢̲ס
硢ɺ˾磬Ҳ׷Ŀ¶ʡ
֪ҾͲ˷ʮöƷԪʯˡ
˾ҡͷһ̾
ķ֮ƣѾ˺һԲ֮²ҪãͻƵ硣
ɶڳߣ˵
ڵɶ˷֮⾳ĵ侳ߣڷ֮ƣԼ۹⡣
СƹԴѾԸȥϣȻҲùͷ׳лʤ
ɫӥգѾǰֻˡ
˺һԲƣӥվ˺һԲơ찡еսūսޣ˭Ķ֣ǡաڿҲδĶ֡
ΧĹϯϣҲһЩʵ׵ĵ侳ߣ˺ɫӥշ֮ƵĿ¡
˺һԲƣټϺɫӥձóٶȵķݣ侳УӦߵٶʤ
һ˺һԲƣ˷Թ似ӵзͨ侳ߡ
ܺͶӥһƴٶȣ
Ȼսūһˡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ڳǰһ
书Ψ첻ƣ
仰˵ˡٶȡҪԡ
񣬶ӥһδηӶھĺɫԳϣһ˿ڣϷˣ
ٶȣҪɱ練ơ


ɫԳ³ϵÿһγȭӥն㿪أʧȥġ
࣬ɡ
ӥջնһ˫ӣźɫԳû˼ϷˣȤ
Ҫɱˣ
һεġ
һ֣Ȼ׬ĲǺܶ࣬ôҲǽĿź졣

ڣڶӥչֳٶȵһ˶Ϊκ
û뵽ӥվ˺һԲơ
ˣҡͷ
һ㣬ˣȶ֪
һֱԪʯڳв˶ľֵĹڡ
µǹ´˿Ϊ֮
ÿһʱ䣬֧ǵĹڣһλ
ݣ
ӥգٴλɫ磬һ˫ᣬն˸ѪĹֱӺɫԳ
һ棬ɫԳͱƬ
ͨƣǱľֳΣٴԼֱӶĶӥգ¶˾
Ҫô
Լ־壬ȫ
ģ


֮£쳤Х˶Ϊֻʱһµǿ⣬˲ھ
ת֮䣬һɿµǿ֡
ǿ⣬貵Ľ⣬յĹ⻪
һʱ䣬ڣ˫̲סһա
۾ܲ˵ǿʱʶķӦ
䡪
Ǳ۵ɲǣһ죬쳹
ʱǿѾɢȥڳˣĿϣǰһĻǵݳ״͡
ˣҲ̲סЩʧ̬
ôܣ
֮ڣɡ˾磬ϵһĻĿɿڴ
ղű貵Ľɫǿ֣Ƕ̲ס˫ǿֻһţٴ˫ϣʧǵվɽ
ĲԶӥյԴ򱬣ӴڵϣûϢ
ˣ
ھȭͷϣڶӥյѪҺѪҺ˳ȭͷ¡
ƣղǡ
Ŀɿڴղŵǿ⣬һ˫ˡ
Ǽ«û뵽֮ʣ«ˣСӣǶҪСġ
СƹĴ˳ĶУޱȡ
«
Уȸ
ñӥɱɾΪ«ΪʤɱʵԶʤĶӥա
ֻӥգ侳УǶĴڡ
ֻ̤˵侳ǿ
ɼˣǱɱˣ«ɱ
Ƭ̣궯
ô£Ҫӥɱ꼻һֵǿ˲乤򣬶ӥվͱɱˣ
ʲôֶΣ̫ˣ
ѵǾĵڶͨ
ֻˣû뵽˫ͨӵߣңĵڶͨ졣

ϣ˷·ѺڶӥϵĶעעȫתƵġڶ֮ͨϣġڶͨǳ׾ˡ
ҵʮöƷԪʯ
ܿ죬˷Ӧ
һʱ䣬ٴη˷
һĶľע֮ˣųɾϵˣѺӥʤ
˭֪ؼʱ̣ӥձɱˡ
ǼҪ÷衣
ص̫ˡ
һʼ¶һµı顣
ǿһУΪ֮
ı
ֻǣֻܳԸưͿˣϾҲûȥӥʤ
ʵλ֪ʤһԤϡ
ԭһڵģ׼Ԫʯġ˭֪ͻȻ߸ˣһʼϲ
¥
ǲ˿ŵģֻԴ޸ĸ߲㿪š
¥һķһϮ۵ˣü͸شϵľô£֮ǰҲûֶΣǵڶͨô


317 㵽ʲôˣ
˿µ츳ͨݺҲǵһμ
ղһŵǿ⣬ǿߣ̲ס˫ؼʱ򣬵׷ʲôͬûп
ͻȻ֣ԼС
ڵġڻҡ˭֪ɱӥա
ӥյʵû˱ɻ˾У飬Ҳþƽ
ˡ
ʱ
˿ڡ
£һǵĻ𣿡
һ߽ʵ
϶һϳˣǽץסͻذǸˡ
侳ߡ
Ųһݡ

˵ͷ˫һ˿⣺һǸпˡû뵽ıʡ侳Ը³;һսͽһǻɡ
ʣǰһһУֻǣȴǾʤһһ³Ŀʤһʮ
ˣҲ߹£˵
ǡ
Ӧæ˳ȥ
ϣվþԻع
֪ʱ̧ԼȭͷʵѪҺֿһ۲ԶӥӴʬ壬У¶ɻ󣬼ֲ⡣
̲סͷһ۲ϵĺ«׹ӡ
ղţظӦ«׹ϣƺһɼΪµڡ
һ˲䣬оԼʲôһ㡣
ӥյٶȣԭ׽ֺɾں«׹ڵһɲǣӥյٶȣƺü仺
ֻһȭͽӥյԴ򱬣ɱ
ö׹ӡ
ܿ죬侲ջ˿«׹ӵĿ⡣
Ѿʶö񵽵׹ӣһ˵ııΣ˷֡
ؼʱ̣ⱦܾ
ɱ˶ӥգӦû˸³һս˰ɣ
°볡ĹأҲ֪һЩ֪ɱӥպ󣬽ڵĻʱ䣬ڿѡ³һս
ֻǣɱ˶ӥա
ڳĹڣ侳ϵĲ³侳µģӦû˸³һս
ɱӥգˡ
ʵ֤뷨ǶԵģ˿ڣڳйڣޱȣûһҪ³һս
ɱǿ侳֮£û˸˵ʤ
˼ɵģǾŹֵġڶͨǿһԭѹĶӥգֱӾͱɱˡ
һĻڳ֮ˣЩ¡
ڣٴΰ˺Ӧİť
ܿ죬ű򿪣ŮԹԱҲǳŮӦ˽ˣʲôҪ
³ĻҰһ¡
վŮԹԱ˵
С

ԭӦ˻Ϊб£ȴû뵽ҪȥʵľһʱǣȻγʵɾʵ̫ˡ
һμôߡ
ǿһʤĶӥգֱӱһȭɱ
Ҫ˽ǿ̫ðˡ
Ӧ֪Ҿ£׸ı䡣
Ҳ֪ǹԼһůͬʱ΢΢һЦ
ɶȰ
ҡͷɶʱֻɶȰסҪ£ʵ̫Σˡ
ʲô£պص򣬻صԼĸĸ
硣
ɶƽؿų
һֻͣʣ¿Цɶܵհܳµľɶֻ˳ӣȥ
ʱ֪ɶԳԣǺûǻ
ˣҪٿ£
ŮӦʳ
ҡͷãȥҰŰɡУҲ뱩¶ݣ֮ڵòĶ
ŮӦæͷеġ
Ƭ֮
ʶ˾ĿʵôܻԸ³ȥǵ侳ߣ侳֮ˣ³Ѱ·
Ҫ˸³ͺˣξѺʤ
˵ĲǷϻôڵǣҪԸ³С

ĹڣΪ˸³սūʱ
һӰһӳϿգš
³ˣ
һʱ䣬УԭήҵĹڣһǴ˼Ѫһ㣬
˲³ȥ;һս
˵Ŀ⣬֮˵ϣϡԱϳһӡ
ӵһ֣͡
棬ɴΪ桯Ŀˣһڣľֿλ˿Կʼעʤһʮʤһһ
ˣ˵
Ҳû뵽˸³һս
ϣݣ
Լûһ֮ˣ˵ὫԼϷ
ˣӦǶԼżš
ֻǣϣţʱҲɡԴ󡱣ϣÿһϣԴɥʧ֮ˣ
һҪ֮ǰһӮѺöƷԪʯʤ
ˣöƷԪʯҪǾأ
ߣþ䣿ҿУ侳֮£ʵơ޵С

˶ˣųɾϵˣؽעѺ˾ϡ
ǿɱӥյľԲܻ䡣
¥һ֮ڣɡ˾磬ĬؽעȫѺ˳ϣΪ˲رע⣬ÿ˻ֻѺʮöƷԪʯ
СƹſڵϣžгֵĹˣɫͫ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
ɶϵĹˣգƽޱȣ硣
׷
һЩʼգûвľֵĹڣҲ׷ȡԼԪʯѺսūϡ
ˣԾĪġ
ܿ죬ľעֹ
ϵһ
ɵǿģ



ڣЩ֮ˣƺȫȻǣһճʱǶԾǶôмһˡ
ڣһȴԾš
еġսһ㡣
ϣǰĹˣʵ㲻
ˣҲǳ͸ߣžһЦղ꼻һֵܴšȷ㻹ʩչղŵ
㡭ô֪
Ļͫһɫ䡣
û뵽ǰ֮ˣܿ͸ղʩչıʣ֪ǹܿơ
һʱ䣬¶裺㡭㵽ʲôˣ


318 
ͻȻü졣
ʼĿ֮£ڵļˣսū³ġ桱վ໥ţ춼ûжֵ˼
ô£
ΧĹڣüͷǰһĻЩ⡣
ˣ
ڣŹߵĳžڣмż
ƾɱӥյֶκ󣬾ͳ˼ɵ
㵽ʲôˣ
һظʣǰŹŹߵӣ̫ѹ
ûҪ֪ˡ
ﵭһЦһ֮αس֣ʧԭء
ٴγʱǵ˾
ÿٶȣ
ѹָ³桯ʵ򵥡

ۿ桱˶ΧĹڣ׷Ŀһ
ˣ
γһƥĵƣХִǰ壬عľ
䡪
ϣ͸¶֮ɫһȭ嫵ȭƲãӭ˳һ
ûм«ƾ裬Ҳһ侳ߣʵס
ˡ
ƥĵƣ£׾پͽȭƳ˺ǵ⣬ݿӹѪ
ͨ
žĲҽУһϵı۰ϡ

ΧһƬžֻһ棬ͱȥһۡ
ͨ
ͨ㲻Ķ֡

һЩԹ۵Ĺڣ׼ˣþ̫ˣĵƣԿȭơ

ŹǾϣȥһ۵ľֹסϱ˿ӿѪڻͨɫԳӰͷ֮ϣ۳Ρ

ʱŹߵĳ·һ磬ֱӾڡ
ݡ
˲䣬һ쵽µĶâ˺ѳգھͷϵľԳͨûüȫ֮ǰꡱһ׾پʹ͸ĺ
Գͨ˲ɢ
ӿѪľվԭأ͵ֱӶĹӡ
ֱٵһ̣벻ͨһ侳ߣΪʩչôµֶΣûӦҪ
壬Ȼ¡
׹ص˲䣬Ҳ˾ǰԼڸס壬סˣƵߡ
һ̣֣Ϲŵġ«սԼָС
ţһ߳ʬݺ߷˳ȥ
䣡
촫ʬȻأûϢ
һƬš
ôˣ
ĵڶͨأ
ڳ֮ˣ⣬һֵǰɫľһȴ׾پͱ˻ˡ
ȻղǸ桱ʩչֶΣǵУһЩ侳ߣ˶ߡ
ɱһУǼΪµֶΡ
һŵĴâǣҲֻ׽˷ֺת˲֮䣬ʹ͸˾ĺɱ
ˣȻҲû뵽ôɱ˾Ƭ̺ˣƾһǿʵɱ˾ΪһĻȡʤ֮ˣõϵĺ񡣡
ν񡱣ɾһľɡ
һĶľ֣һЩƽʱûôעĹڣ׷עһеõ󣬿֪
ȴûȥЩ
һջ񣬻ǡ«񡱡
«ڵˡ
Ҳζţļ«ܺͼ«Ϊһ壬ںϳɡ«񡱡Ҳõ«̲ص켶ħ𹦡
ħ𹦡޼֮
ɱ󣬳߽Աһ֮ͨͨŮӦŵϴ
Ĺڣ֪λ桱Ŀ
ȴһһʮˡ
һˣɱ˾
սūһУɱǿľżӥա
¥һڣڿŹߵĳɱʱ硢ɺ˾磬˿
ҺãСֱӶķɵͨǸóڶͨǰͽɱ
¶΢Ц
󲿷˵뷨һ㣬ɿǰһɱӥյɲǣһ꼻һֵĿǿ⣬ӦþǾġڶͨ
˾磬ΪȻ
ΨɶһߣʼչŵЦݣһ㶼⡣
Сӡ
Сƹһ˫ɫͫףֳЦ⡣
Ȼɹˡ
Ȼûۿȡ«һĻȴף϶ǵˡ
һ궯
һڣ̲סվĿڣʬ֮ϣָָ㣺ͨûˣ̫ûˣ
һɱ˶ӥգЩһ̫ˡ
ǸʵȷʵǿڿҺ;Ҳһš
ҵöƷԪʯôûˣ
öƷԪʯͱлˣҽϵļҵ׶Ѻȥˣºˣȫûˡ

ڵһڣɫޱȡ
žɱҲζţڶľѺȥԪʯ״ˮƯ
¥ķ
վˣջĿ⣬ǵӣ˸Ĺ⻪Ǹ桯ɱʱõƺһֵͨĵͨһĵͨҪСû뵽չֳôµٶȡ
˵һΪ̤֮ķɵͨ죬侳ߣȴΡ
ؿ˳зӶġɵͨ
ˡ
˵Ӧ£һȵӣ˽
ղһսɿˣ
ӡ
æͷǡ
ʣǸ桯ĵϸ֪
ӵͷǰãҸո
ţ
Щ档
¥ĿˣһֻڲñҷˡԽ˻ȥ
˵ĿЩŹ֡
ʲô𣿡ʡ
¡
ӿЦһˣһҲͶʮˡ
ӵĻ̲סݡ
ʮ꣬һΪ侳ء
ңʵ죬侳֮£¶ѷ֡
Ǻε츳
ȥĵϸһ˿⣬ڵ
ǣ¡
æͷ˳ȥ
û뵽ӵʵ֮ˣһôСһ
֮䣬˾ȡ
ص˰ᣬһ㣬͸Ĵӣ
ʱգҲ»
ȻڵĿϣ˼ȴƮ˱𴦡


319 켶
ƣҵõ˼«Ҫܽ«Ϊһ壿
ﴫСƹ֮䣬żּС
켶ħ𹦡֣ݲ
СӣʲôȥȻ㡣
Сƹɨ˳һۣĿǰľ֮ϣۿϽе
еݱš
ڼ䣬ڵĹڣҲ֮ǰʵܿͶ뵽һĶľС
Ķľ֣ڳĹڣӮ䣬ҲҪ֮ǰһĵ
ֻǣ̳֮󣬻һɱսūսޣһ侳߽ߺ͸߼ȥҲ𽥵ؽβ
λˣԴ˽лλ
ϿգˣΧ΢΢ǷһЦնֱȥ
һ¥ĹڣҲɢ
ӿӿ⡣
ˡ
֮⣬
̧֣˰ǽϵһťʱű򿪡
ţ
üͷ΢壬Ϊڰ֮⣬ֻŮӦһˣһˣˣİ֮ǰץסͻˡ
侳ߣĵλԲ͡
СֵܣɱãһĶľУɡ
̧֣һöֱָӳ
ָ֮ϣ̺۵ĵ֮һ侳ߣδظӲӡ
üͷһƣȻ׶Է̽Լ͵һ֣ƥĵƣﲻƣֱ˺ڵ֮ϵ⾳֮һסָ
СֵᣬһΪ˲˾ȡ
˳һۣ˵СֵȤ޸ʱҡҽСݡм¡ϣСֵܿǿǣ޸ǰ;
һῼǣȤһҲ̹¡
ͷ΢΢һЦҲûȥ˲ݵӡ
ͷһ̤Զȥ
ʱŮӦж˼־⣬һ̣ĵλѾٴһˣݹ¶صˣļ˴޸ضǰ;
պ󣬸ҪӵĴڡ
ˣЩǰľ֣׬ȡԪʯ
ŮӦԳĳƺҲˣһ̧֣ƾնһµĴӣװԪʯ
ָ
ＸˣĿһû뵽޸һŮӦָ
ָڻǼϡ¡
š
ֽӹֶŮӦǳȥɡ
ǡ
ŮӦæͷǰ·
磬׬ȡԪʯ
ｫװԪʯĴӣݸ˳硣
ЩԪʯǳ硢ɺ˾磬עѺӮ׬ȡģһʮһ֣׬ÿν
Σ׬ࡣ
˾Щ⡣
ɺͳҡͷ˾С˵־ÿɷ
ﵭһЦڶӥպ;һľУ˾绹ھѺʮöƷԪʯԷһû뵽Ϲèײӣʤˡ
ˣ˾Ҳһ֮ơ
뿪󣬳Ｘֱӻ˿ջ
ķŴգֻʣ³ɶСƹ
֪ʱѾöɫв죬ȫһģ̳ĺ«׹ӡ
ǡ«񡱺͡«񡱣
ƣô£Ҽǵã켫«ھϵʱȡ«񣬾ͺͼ«˹ö«ߣΪʲôӦûУ
ɻʵ
Сƹӹö«񣬺ܿ죬һ˫ɫͫףһ貵Ѫâö«ϣö«ϣͻȻֳһƵĹ⻪
«ϣֳһƺɫħаϢ
«ϣһ˿˿⣬ȫǺħ˵Ȼ
Ϣܿײһ𣬱˴ڡ
͡
ֻǣȻĽ⣬Щֱӱħ
ؿ«ͼ«񣬾һķʽںһ𣬰߳аϢ߳԰Ľ⣬⣬ƺЩ
ƣô£
üܾﲻԡ
Ȼµһ㡣
Сƹ̾˿
ôһţԤС
«֮ǰɢڣɱӥա񣬼«Ϊ֮ǰģʣһ벻뼫«ںʱΪ̣«ռ
Сƹֵ«ͼ«Ϊˡ«񡯡
Ҳ˵ɹˣ
ĿһʣĲԤУֱֱӷ顣
ô˵
Сƹͷ
ֻǣһ˫ɫͫ׵Իһ˿ǣͺʲô벻ͨһ㣬ܿ죬ʣһ˿ǣɢˡ
˵«̲켶ħģ
«ҿûСħӰƣ㲻ǼǴ˰ɣ
ߣСӣעȥ롮«񡯣ȻܿҪ֪켶ɲһĹ
СƹͺһڳЩˡ
ԣĿ⣬е«ϣעҲ
󣬳ͷ֣е«񣬿ʼŤоԼһ磬һЩɬѶϢԺ
ʱȻţҲ֪˶ãһɲǣֻһ죬ֻһꡭ
ڣЩɬѶϢڱܡ
ħ𹦡
ֻǣ롶ħ𹦡Ĺʱ֣켶棬ǶڡħĲ
ħ𹦡Ҫħɷ𡱣Բɡ
Բɵľ磬֮ˣһħһɷ𣬽ӵħܣָ䣬գ˫ֺʮʩչӡء
켶ðԵ
һ𣬵ħ𹦡ȫһ֮䣬ͿԵκйءħ𹦡Ϣʱǰ±ֻ֪ص˷֮С
ֻǣʱ˿̣ġ«񡱣ȴӰ١
«أ
Щȵ
ġ켶ԣֻһ
Сƹ̾˿«Ӧ꣬ΪС
ꣿ
ЩȣֻҪһ뵽ħ𹦡ԺУ͸ֳһЩϢͺӡԺеһ㡣
ơ
üͷ𣺡ҹ롶ħ𹦡ĹУйءħĲռһ󲿷֣ɷ𡯷棬ȴǲ᲻֮ǰ«񣬹עɱӥʱ«⵽ģ
ﻹǵãڼ«ͼ«ںϳɹʱ«֮ϣŨħҪȻķ֡ѹơ


320 踮
ĻСƹͷԡ˵Ļպ⡶ħ𹦡ҪעһЩ켶ħ𹦡Ȼû֣Ӧþڡħ͡ศɵĹʱעƽ⣬һƽ⣬ܻ
ศһ㡣
Цúõһ켶ΪһС⣬ȱݡ
ڣҲ֪ġħ𹦡᲻ʲôõӰ졣
磬ʵڲУͲҪ׹ˡ
һֱûɶü΢ϣֳֵ֮ɫ
֣ɶģ΢Цɶİɣûаգ켶Ҳ
⻰ʵ
켶ãȴҲû
ɶԣŷĵͷ
Сƹߺһֱײȥ룺ǲҲȥֻ˳Сĸˣ
ǣ踮
ź踮߹¡͢һ£踮ƶ
͢踮£׷Ǳڶ֮ˣȻ֪˸踮֮ʲôԹȻ͢¶ˣ踮֮ˣȻҵ
һʱ䣬踮֮Уһɹӿ˱ͻҵĶǡ
ǵˮøˡ
ˣ˵»᲻үйأ
֮ǰɳһ˻ʧֱ̬ӾҪȥҿʮ֮˾үˡ
εĶӦǸ

踮һЩˣµʲô
ү£ǿ˵ķŭ۰ľүӣ˵Ϊүʲô¶ó
ΪүǷ踮˼ܶԸ⡣
ڸ˵ү͸ԼһҪ
үĳ£ûҳ֮ǰ踮£עѻָƽ
Ӣ䣬ϧˣ̯ôûãֲʡĵĶӡ
ɲǣҪ˵үҲ£ʵڸ߲ˣȻҲʲô¡
ꡭأҪøⷬҪǵ
ǣסڰɡ

ԭƽĺ踮Ϊ͢µһʯƽĺϣ
˴˵ˣߣһֻϸˡ
Ǹ踮һЩͼ£˸Ѱϴͷ
ļգǵˣҲ˺踮Ķ
һЩϢ֮ͨˣ΢֪ܿȥ踮ٸ֮ġۡˣ
Ǳɱˣ
񣬺踮£Ѱ֡
ˣһֻ
Ŀǰֵֻ֪Щ
踮һƫƧլԺڣһȺ踮ӵܣΧһмһ踮ӵؽʲô
Ҧԣǲ˵ôǸӥѹŴľͻȻͱˣ
һ踮ӵܣüЩš
վмĺ踮ӵܣǡҦԡ
Ҧǰ޸ȥۿǸϣһУһ
ô㲻ţ
ҦԵһЦ£֪˶ȥˣʲôʱпգҸ¥ȥ֪Ҧ˵ǲģûƭ㡣
Ҧԣʱ䣬˵ȥʲô¥ˣߣǿҲ˶ãҪֵȥǸ̽Ϣˡ
һ踮ӵ̾
ǰΪү£ӣһﶼæòɿ
һ踮ӵ̲ס̾
үãһˡһȥɿȺˣʱ䣬Ҷûܺú˯þ
бȽϴ󵨵ĺ踮ӵ˵
үһ˰ɣ
ãүɱǺ踮£˴󶯸ɸꣿȻ¸ˡ˴˺ɳʵ˻ܿ³
ҾҲǣү϶ˡ

ҦۿһȺ˵Ļ⣬ԽԽԶЩˣˣ˵ǣҪҪˣĻҾȥɻˣ˵£͵ġ
Ҧԣǣ˵ء
ˣ缸Ҧ˵ǰ˺󣬻үǴ˵ĶУǶԲ˶ߡ
ҦԽºá
һ˵ĻҦԲˣҽĿɲǹ££ȥĴ֪Է顣
ǣ㽲Ĳǹ£ҿ󣬿󡭡
ǰæ
Ҧͷ˵ʱȫӥաѹŴۿӥվҪɱ֣Ǹʱ򣬰ڣ˶Ϊʱһǿ⣬˸䳡Ĵ޸£۾۾ɲǣͷ֣ӥձһȭɱˡ
ǻĵڶͨʩչһɱӥգΪʤ˴۾˲Ԫʯ
˵ҦЩ۵
踮ӵܣĿ׷һʶʱһĻľʡ
أɱ˶ӥպӦҪڳڵĻ˰ɣ³һս
һ踮ӵܣЩڴʵ
˵ĲǷϻô˺һԲƵľżӥգɱ˭еӸҺ;һս
һ踮ӵܣֱ˵
Ļõ˴˵ͬ
ǿɶ´ˣʵʱڣе˶Ϊ˸³;һսɾʱ򡭡
ҦԼš
Ϊ桱ӣ³һսɱ£һһ
ɱˣûüͨ
Ҳ̫ˣΪӮ˶ӥվ޵ˣ
һʼֱõڶͨʤˡ

踮ӵܣ׷۵䣬ԡ˱ġ
ǿֻܹ֮Լֲˡ
ʩչͨҲδؾɱǸ桯
ҦҡͷЦǸ棬ھͷʢʱ߽ǼԸ֮ˣرɱһУֱһɲǣѸײڶ֮ƣֱӴ͸˾ĺĴ޸£侳صĴڣƺûܲ׽桯ʱʩչֶΡ
һҦԵЦ˻
ʱ桱֮͡еĹڣþ׷׽עѹ˾ϣΪԸǴر
ԭҦҲ磬עϣֻǣתһ룬桱غţҧҧڹϣѺöƷԪʯ
Ҫƴһѣ
֤ƴˣõ˴رʮöƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯҦԣҲҪ͡
һȺ踮ӵܣ̲סЦ
Ҧԣ
ʱһӰ֪ʱվȺĺ档
̤ǰߵҦԵǰͻȻޱȼ٣ղ˵Ǹʲô桯ֻһգ۹򣬾ĺͱ͸ˣ
ɳ
ˣڳĺ踮ӵܶϵá
үߵĹ֮һ
ǵĲ²⣬ӦүѺΨһҴ֮ˡ


321 ٵͷ
ôɳ㲻ţ
ҦƳͻȻֵɳһۣʵЩ֣ɳôƺԹɱֶμΪ档
֪⼸գɳ񶼸ڹ͢µߣ뿪
Ҧԣ㽫㵱ʱģϸ˵
ɳ䣬żּ٣·ҪȷһЩ
⼱ٵҦԣȴЩ̶ͺһ㣬Ҧ񣺡ɳҦԣϲظ˵ĻûֻܹԼ
˵ţҦֿˣ׼˵ȥ
Ҧԣ
ɳɫһ˸ż⣺ظһ飬ȥ˴㵱ٸһ顣
ɳ仰в֮⣬Ҧɫ䣺ɳ㻹żëˣ
Χĺ踮ӵܣһҲĿ¶ɨɳһۡ
ɳΪС£̧˹͢£ֱǺٻ
Χ񡢱ĵĿ⣬ɳ˿ᣬҦԣҦԣ˵˵
ߣ
ҦԵͺһȴҲɳ͢£˵Ǹ档̧˲䣬ĺϣͶһѪֱˣҿӳʲôһЩ侳˵һâǵ侳ߣҲ޷ȷʲô
̧˲䣬ϾͶһѪѪ
ɳһ֪ʱر˫
ڻʲô
ԺУֳһĻĻϤĳǼǰүȥ׷ɱһȺˡɱĳ
ǵá
ʱԷСһˣÿһ̧֣ͬϾѪֱӱɱ
ζæ֮»ġͨҲ˶˺ʼգ֪˶ɱͨʲô
ɼǵ桯ʲôӣŮ
ɳҦԣʡ
ҦԲͷüһߣӶûμǵʲôԱһӡ
ɳˣһҪֵǽϺҵʱ䲻ࡣ
ɨɳһۣҦл͵
ǣɳҪˣǻع˴ȥɡ
˴ɲС

ˣҲ׷׿ڣ֮䣬ŷ̡
ҦԣҪһˡ
ɳҦ˵
ɳʲô˼Ҧɫ΢䡣
Լߣȥͨ˴ˣӡ㣿
ɳ˿Ҧɫı仯˵رǡӡ֣
߲ߣ㡣
֮䣬ɳŵضնȥ
ۿɳôһ仰뿪ҦϷƱãһҧ̤ն𣬸ɳֻʣµĺ踮ӵܣ
ɳԽԽˣٻȵز
һ踮ӵü
ҿɳƺصѯҦйǸ桯ֵ£˵ҪҦȥ˴ˣѵǸ桯Ǻ踮һҪҵйأ
пܡ
Ƚϴĺ踮ӵܣ²⵽һЩ
ɳ㵽ʲô˼
ҦԸɳĺ棬üʵ
˹˴ˣȻˡ
ɳ˵·Ը˵
˴ˣ
ں踮͢߹£һԼĶۡɳҦԣڸ֮ۡϿգɳ

һ紵һӰ̤
˴ˡ
ˣҦæ
ҦԡҦԣ͢Щȣ漴ֿɳɳʲôˣ
ǡ
ɳæͷ˴ˣ㻹ǵҸеΪ֮ô
͢˵ͷ
ǰҦ˵ǰڴ޸ţط֣ڴ޸ֵһˣܾҪҵһȺеΪ֮ˡҲ˵һȺˣǰտܵ޸
ɳ˵ԼĲ²⡣
͢Ŀһ˵ͷɳĺܺáҦԣ˵˵ϣĿõһС
ҦԻȻѹɳ֮ǰظ桱ĳ֣ԭǸ桱ܾܿǺ踮⼸ĴѰеΪ֮ˡ
ǣ˴ˡ
ҦһԼţٴһΡ
ˣ˹ֶΣȥҼδδţԣҵǾˣܾͬһˡҦԣ֮ˣùԼò˼ɡ
ɳ˵Լжϡ
ɳĺܺã£Ȼغ޸ҲҪȥҸһȥɡ
͢ɳ˵ͷֱȥ
ɳ
һʱ䡣ֻɳҦˣҦüɳɳѵүĳˣ
㲻µô
ɳʣûش
Ҧͫһ²⣬Ҳɳļӳ𾪣үˣ
ʲôˣǺ踮үɱǸ棬ʵȻǿ֮е֡ȻǺ踮ǿƣҪɱ練ơ
ʱҦ̲סΪ桱Ĭ
⡣
ԴǸϴﶼڿջо켶ħ𹦡ɶߣСƹҲû뿪һֱſԺ˯
ɡ˾ˣۿû뿪ջ˼Ҳڿջ棬
ǸϣĲпɱһʵǵ侳߽ߺ͸߼䣬Ǵ̫ѹ
Ƕʶڵʵڻ򣬻ռһϯ֮ء
Ȼ߳˻򣬾ʲôˡ
ջԱС·ƶδܲջڣＸˣͲ֪⼸նеķƶ
֪ǿһᣬֱ뿪ˡ
Ҳ
Ｘˣид˽١
ǣ޸
޸ΪдǧڶһפأޱȣԶԶȥһɲɣϢ·˻صǧ֮ǰ
޸ϿգӰ۳Σͺƾճֵһ㡣
ˣһˣԸߴһˣԾ׳
ˣͷ׷ǵӣȴһ㣬Ƿϻ֮ͯ
ϻͯΨ侳ǿߣ
޸ξˣںס飬մ޸вǲں趨ȫԸ
ߴˣߵľ׳˵
ߴԳơں衱ԾǺ踮ĵ
ߵľ׳ˣõں˶ԴҲ˵֮ˣںֳƺΪ޸ݣ֮
޸ڡ
ܵõֵһŵڶȫֵܣҳɵ֡
΢΢һЦ˵
𾪣Ȼ˸ɱںĶӡۡ
Ҫ֪ڶǣ޸ۣںǳĻ̡
ڶ̶ʮڣ踮ߵյĻԻͣ˶ȷѪ꣬жٴǵں踮
ں裬һˡ
ǳĺˡ
ڶǣںҲԴĵ׾֮ˡ


322 ȫǹ
ں裬踮
ȫƾԼ˫֣ûκһ֮踮ڶһϯ֮ء
ڣǴ޸ȴǴӸУ´޸
Ŀú踮һ𣬶ڵں裬ＫΪ塣
һλҵǿߡ
ǣ
գ¥ء
ˣڸ
Ϊ޸߹£ڣĵλߣȻǰˣ߰ͷ­
վǰˣǶǵĴ
һǴ޸ĸ
һˣǺ踮ĸں衣
Щ֣Ϊǽں裬ȻҲˡ
ѵǺ⼸գ踮ڶµĴйأ
ֻǣ벻ͨ£θɡ
Һ͵ڸҪһˣǰϵǷֹһΪ桯Ŀˣ³սūһս
ڿʵ
޸ƽʱٲ£ȫȨƹܡ
ôһˡ
ͷ
գĿþɱӥգΪһλǿսū˭뵽һλΪ桱Ŀˣճֱӽɱ
ʼգͨû
ȻҲǾ̫⣬һսͻͨδػ
˽٣ʡ
£޸İϵںæںǷǴ޸һ飬Դ޸ԣһ¡
ԣҲϣУ֪һЩйعϢ
ˣ棬ҵǲô˽⡭ֻǣǰϣҾͷԸݡȥĵϸͬʱ̽£Ǵ޸
˵⼸գӦûڸûüұ档
ȥѲݽ
¶ЦݣֱԵ
ںΣҪǷǴ޸һˡ
վԱߵĵں裬ƽɫ˵ⷬҲ˱仯âһ
ǣˡ
ͷܿͽݸˡ
ݣǵպͳһ˴νĴ޸¡
տʼЩɻ£ԼʲôңڵԼ
ǰˣȻ
ѹô
ǰվŵˣһˣǴ޸ĸһˣǺ踮ĸں衣
ˣڸ
æ
֪Ϊ桱Ҳһ
Ǹ棬߿ǻˣһŮСߣһֻ
ں迴ݣֱʵ

Щȣû뵽ںϤ档
ֻǣܿ죬ʲôͫһ
ˣһֻ
ⲻǺ踮ڶĴѰĴ
֮ǰûһˣͺ踮Ѱ֮ϵһۿں踮һ
ѵ漸Ǻ踮Ҫҵˣ
ⵥڸĶӵۣˣɱˡֻǣɱ˵ۣôߵڶǣ⼸պû뿪ҡĿջ
ճＸ뿪󣬲עǵȥ
츳ͨǡӰͨó䣬ҲûＸ˷ĸ١
ڿǵ
ںʣǿߣ踮һ̣·Щʧ̬
У˸˵â
磬ɳȥ˻رƺû뿪µġԽջ
˵
䡪
ڲݻʱںϣµ¥˲䣬ں軯һ⣬ֱ뿪
޸ڣĿһҲȥ
ֻͲݣ
ԽջǳＸھסĿջ
ӰһֻСƹӿջĲŷӶɫæ
ƣȷǵĿǣ
뿪Խջ󣬳Сƹ
ղţСƹߵǿ꣬ʵ׵ǿߣǿԽջһʱ䣬;ĳＸˣʱӳ˿ջ
ȷǵĿ꣬ӵĿջ˺ǿڣº֣֮ನԺɱǡ
Сƹ˫ͫ͸¶ļɵ
ףһǲǺ踮Ҫҵ˰ɣ
ܿ죬Ｘ˾ͷ֣ǳָָ㣬˵ƵĻ
踮Ҫҵˣ
踮ʲô
ＸˣȫЩ˵Ļ
Ҳʶǡ

ʱԽջϿգǿϢԽջΧ˵Ŀ⡣
̧ͷȥɫ΢䡣
ǿߣǿ
ȵɹķڤɲµᵬҪǿǿ˲ֹһ㡣
޸ڸǵԽջΪ£
һӰ˶ţʵ
ߡ
СƹĴߴ£Χ˵עԽջϿʱһȻ뿪ȺܼԶһƫƧԶԶعԽջϿմǿϢ
ǿߡ
ˣǿԽջˣҪЩ
ô£
Ｘˣһ
ʣԴӵ˶ǣǾûȥǹ˭
Ϊʲô踮ˣҪǡ
Ǽǲ
ڳＸˣԶԽջͻȻһɱŰŭϢʱǰԶһȵӰ
㡣
ϳǰˣǵǸյǣǸ¥ϰ塣
û뵽ˡ
۲ΧʶǸ¥ĸ
ϰ壬⻰Ǻ⣿
ɻʵ
֮ţҺ踮ڶ֮ˣڶǣֱΪһλעһֻһŮϣ˭ǣɱǣҵں裬踮һŵǧ𣬽֮˶ʮöƷԪʯ
ըװԽջϿմ̺ſµ֮˲䴫ǣ⣬踮ӵӴѰǻû뿪ǡ
һʱ䣬Ƕˡ
ʮöƷԪʯ
ǿߣΪ֮Ķ
һʱ䣬ڵһǿߣҪôŶֱӶҪôڶھ͵Ѱ
Խջ֮ǰＸ˺Сƹ֮ˣ׷׷Ӧ
ǻعȴֳＸ˶ˡ
ղôˡ
һ侳ߣֵ
ʮöƷԪʯ
Щˣַܿ׷ɢѰȥˡ
ƫƧУտѯ˵ĳͻȻһɫ䡣
ǳ硢ɺ˾磬Ҳ׷ɫ䡣
ˣԾǸղŵ侳ǿеһˡ
ǿߣǡ
ң֮䣬ɱ⣬ɱǾͲưոһ㡣
׷ʲô£
һɲǣΪ˶ǵġȫǹС
һʱ䣬ＸˣؿˣʮöƷԪʯκ˷
ôҶǳ֣
һĳＸˣЦˣҲǰһ˫΢΢
Ķˡ


323 
ʲô
ﾯʵ
ʲôȻǰǡЦˡ
ǣˣл⡣
üͷһ壬ˣûκκøС
ȻһжΪ֮ǰΪ
˿Ǹ¥ľƲˣ̫ؿζˡ
óɵһЫˡľ¥ľˮ֮
ߡ
ڳ￴Լ֮⣬κ˶ֵΡ
Ȼ֪ʲôĪվȴףڣֻܿԼ
ۿＸ˺СƹҪȥ˵һЦ뿪һΪβԸң
Ｘ˺СƹûлͷۿҪ뿪ƫƧ
ڵˣǳ嶯
̾Ϣһӿնһɿµ˲һˡ
侳
СƹＸҲɫ䡣
Ƕû뵽ˣҲһλ侳ǿߡ
ʲôʱǿôֵǮˣ
嫵֮ǵϡǿһʵ޴ӣǵ֮ƺ⾳֮ȴǺ˺֮ϣ޴
ӿ֮ǶԣͺһƬ󺣡
ǵĹֻǲ׺һڡСԽ˿˻
嫵֮ЯУֻоһͷۻٴλعԼѾһ¥
¥ﲢİ˿Ǹ¥
ֻǡڵľ¥Žա
кĿģ
Ｘ˻عɵؿվڲԶЦЦǵˣɫأʡ
֪ǿߺ󣬳ף˱Ȼ˺ǣǿߣɱǣ練ơ
ֻǣܺ棬ΪҪǡ
ˣֻǼһ棬㲻н顣
ĿģʲôĿģжʮöƷԪʯ󣿡
Ц
Ϊΰǣ˾ʡ
˳ۣҲԵͰˡ˵·ְＸˣȫԶΪһ㡣
ＸԣЩ
û뵽ǵô踮۰ĶӶɱ
ҡͷһЦɱҲˣö֮ڶǣǵΪ踮ǳصô
踮踮
֮ǰԳＸ˶ԣİ
Ȼڣǵֻмɵ
踮ƺ֮УʼＸȫ֪Լ˵ĻǶһ
ɱ踮ӣ
Ｘ໥䣬Կ˶Էе
˵踮Ķӣǰձɱţպǵ¥һ죬û´ʱӦǸյǡ
ЦУż
գＸ˽ľ¥ֻСƹ˾¥ڵľƲˣ֪⼸ˣǵһεǡ
Ǹգ
ĿһǵãǵһգģҲǶǵһˣȻڣɱ˾ȡ˼«
ԲǺ踮Ķӡ
ô˵Ƕɱһеһˡ
С㻹ǲǵãգ⣬ɱǸΪ֮˺ʣµˣƺˣһ¶֡ȻǸΪ׵ˣݲ򵥡
˵
ֻ֪ǣʱȷʵǵȫɱˣҲȷΧûˡôȥģ
Щ벻ͨգΪ׵һˣһǵ
ɺ˾Ҳü벻ͨ
ӦþҼǵãʱǸʣµˣƺƺΪү
翴ˡ
踮ӣΪۡ
΢΢ͷ˵ɱߵˣ֪һ˻˵츳ͨǡͨӦԼͨǡ
ͨ
̲סһǵһ˵ͨ
ͨڶʱڣһһģһˣѪ⡭Ȼһʱ䣬ͨͻɢ
˽˵
Ȼ
û뵽ͨǬ½֮󣬹治С
ɸ̾
ڣＸҲȷϣǺͺ踮ԹӦþΪʱɱǸˣû뵽һ裬֮ˣ롣
Ҳһֽ١
񣬶СӿĴѰǵ١
ڣҪ뿪ǣѱȵˡ
˾Ц
ʱǾͱ뿪ˣֻͻƵ硣γˡĻ˶Ŀ
˿Сƹһۣ˵
ĿŹ֡
Сƹһֻ
ֻǡȴһֻܻγ˵ĵ
ţ
ͻȻǲʲôɫһ䣬һɢСһǣ鷳ˣٰˣΪ֮
ۿһ仰ֱȥＸһ͡
ҲʱＸ˸о¥ϿգһɿµϢȻ£ѹǴ
һǿߣ
ＸˣЩľˡ
ڻֻܿԼˡ
Цǿߵ뿪ǣȴû뵽˴Ҵææȥˡ
ǼҪ뿪ֻҪֿһӦûʲô⡭ƣĿ̫ˡ
ɿСƹ
ƣܲݣ￴Сƹʡ
Сӣǿԣɾˣֻ
Сƹ˷ۣ˵ңҵ̬踮Ӧö֪ҪȻ뿪ҵߡ
ȻһģȻһߣ¾ˡ
Ŀ΢ֿɡ硢˾ˣǣɶ뿪ɣҺҵᣬȥǡ
磬Ҳߡ
ɶϣֳּᶨ
ͬ롣
ɶ
ЦȰʱ̲ס˵ɶµĳŵ̾˿
ɶҲã԰㡭ˣǶԣҲǺްֻϺȡ뿪һ·ȥǻٶȣֻҪ뿪һ·ǡ
ɡ˾ˣƬ̧̣ͷ˵
˾磬ҲһȻ
ڻʱǵʵ㲻ɵ˻磬ͱֻϺˡ
ǿҵĲ죬𼸷ֿɬ
Ҳ֪õѡڣﻹҪչǡ
ǾΪ˰ȫһȻȥһ·ߣֻҪ뿪һʱȥ׷ǡ
ͷȷ
ССġ
ݺ󣬳ɫؽ˳һźһɺ˾ȥ
ۿȥ˿İ١
ˣ뿪¥Ҳû˵ע⡣
ֻǣһ·뿪ǣһĺɨЩ·̽ʲô
Сöư¶Щ˵̽顣
紫ˣЦ
ڣֻϣҵᣬӳˡ
̾


324 ӣ
ԭڳ￴ֻҪʱ䣬ǸӦûи
Ȼһ¹ȥСƹھ¥棬ɶݳȥȴ֣ʮöƷԪʯջʵ̫ˣʱ򣬶ǲľԱ
踮Ҫҵˣ᲻Ѿ뿪ˣ
ᣬ˵һǰ踮ҵġԽջʱԽջ˺һֻɫСӦþǺ踮Ҫҵˡ
û뵽ôã뿪Խջ
ɲǡ

ɶڶǵĴϣĶԻΡ
ã
̲סЦСƹߵǿ֪꣬ΪǿǰӦǿֱԽջк뿪ڣǿ¶ѾΪʬ塣
Ȼȴֹۡ
ĶǣоһΣ档
һ¹ȥҲ֪߳Զˡ
ˣ̲סһ̾ڣֻϣһ·ƽ
磬İɣǲµġ
ɶĿЩ㱣֪ڵʲôο
š
˵ͷɶ֣˼֡
һҺɶߣڹһˡ
ΪԼΪɶһҪ뷽跨뿪ǡ
Сӡ
ص¥󣬳ͷ֣СƹϢ˱仯
ͻˣЩȡ
Сƹ˵ͷ漴Сӣ㵽ǵҩȥûĹ
ɻ󣺡ʲôã
ΪʱһԼϣһƣͻƺʵԲƣ˼ƷԪʯ֮⣬ͲĹΪ
Сƹ˵
ʲôƣ
Щͷۣƣʱġ󡱣һֱ취뿪ǡ
Զ̽ơ
СƹɫͫһֱԵ
̽飿
˫۷뿪ǣٵѣԶ㿪ߵ̽飬ȥҸһᱻ˵͸
ܶ̽飬Ҳζţǿ˳뿪ǡ
ǡ
СƹͷҪõƣԶ侳µ̽顣
侳
üתһ룬Ȼˡ
ڶڣ侳Ȼ٣ڸ׼֮ˣȴ٣ȥܲôùǿߵ̽ɣ
ڣﶼЩĻʳˡ
ʳǣԡ顱͡ǡΪƲóơֻء֮µߣһУֻҪһͷɣ
ơֻءƾ裬Ҳ˱
ȥҸҩʣɶǴھ¥Ǻһȥ
ɶ
ɶǰһ˾
Ҳ⣬ɶ³ţܿҵһģСĵҩ
λˣʲôҪ
ҩڣۿ˿粽룬һСӭʡ
оСֶüҲû⣬Ϊ
Ĺۣ
￪ʵ
ĹСԣȵؿ˳һۣ˵ͷ
һĹ˵
ˣǵȷʵһֳɵĹֻǣȴǿ˴۵ġĹΪ󣬰λ˵˼ҲҪĹȤ֮ˣԼʱ䣬С
С˵
ô鷳
üûһڼۣ
С΢ЦͷеģֻһڼԹ󡣡
٣ʡ
ڣԪʯʲôģѾûҪȥʡˡ
ʮöƷԪʯ
С˵ţ࿴˳һۡ
ǶʮöƷԪʯȥĹȡɡ
һ̧֣ʵ˶ʮöƷԪʯС˵
С˵һ˫ͫףײһû뵽һ侳صߣ־ȡʮöƷԪʯЩȡ
ǽ˵ҩ棬ȡһµĺӡ
ԪʯݸСˣӹӣһϡԿһö͸˸ŵİ׹⣬µϢ
Ĺ
ҲȷĹΨûȥСƹȷϡ
Сһͷɶ뿪˵ҩ
ȥ֮С˴һڣʱҩڣ߳ĿˣС˵һ㣬ȥߵŮ˴ָ
˵ͷڳɶ֮뿪˵ҩ
磬˸ǡ
ɶճҩ󲻾ãɶĴʹ˳ĶС
Ӧɶ
ɶϾǵ侳ߡ
ڵꡯˡﵭһЦղȡʮöƷԪʯʱ򣬾ͷС˵ıЩȻ
տʼҲΪ⣬ڣʶС˵˼
Խˡ򡱡
ǣǲΣ
ɶ߽һȽƫƧ˲乤Ӱǵǰ棬סǵȥ·

ˣĿųˣڿˣϵ֮ת˵ֱӶԳɶ֡
⾳֮ŵ֮Х
ǵ֮ǿȣӦҲֻǵ侳ͽ׵ߡ
ߣ
ɫһǰһ۳εķɵͨ˲֣˺ѳգݡһֱӾʹ͸һ˵ĺɱ
һ˼ˣɫ䣬ۿΪ൱ͬ鱻ɱûս⣬ת·֮𣬾׼ȥ
ʱҲʶ㡱Ϊ
ӣ
Цһٴ۵ķɵֶͨ
ʣµˣiͬĺ󳾣
ɱ˺󣬳ɶ뿪
ͬʱǵ˱仯ٴˡ
ɶߣһӰ˵ʬ岻Զ˺ϵѪЩжֳɵ֮ɫ
һ֮˵ֶΣ̫ˡ
ЩΧ֮ˣ

ʱӰն£һˣʬ壬ȵ˴ˣû뿪Ͷڶ档
֮ˣһˡ
˵˵ͷǼΧܾܿͶΧ
ȥ󣬽Ĺȡ˳
Ĺ𣿡
ʣ浣ıǸڵˡ
ĹƷʻҲʱ䡣Сƹص˵ͷĹ
̶̰ʱȥСƹͽƲúá
ԡ
СƹɶЦ
ԣɨȻ͸Сƹ壬˿ӦСƹĴڡ
ƣҲ뿪ˡ
˿¶Цݡ
ھ¥淭˷˸ֱӽСƹ𣬿ڼϣɶֱ뿪һµľ¥
񣬾¥ϰ壬ǸˣѶ
һ·ϣҲƽɶɹ߳˳š
˴ˣǵӰЩǸˡ
ɶճţ֮⣬һһˣԶ˳
ţ
ԣֱӶ
Сӣ侳̽ңӣ
ʱĶߣСƹըװ


325 ֮
ƵĻڳըóɫ˲䡣
ɶǱǿ߷ˣ
æɶͬʱסɶ֡

ٶȣﲻɶɶǵ侳ߣ˷֮⾳ͨɶȵһǣתۻһ⣬Զ
ǣ
͢踮֮Уλڸ֮µ߹£̽鵽Сƹʱϸֳּ
һ£ڰͲסô
ۿˣǷ̽һ㣬Զȥǣ¶һĨЦ
ɳȥ߸Ϣȥɱǡ
̤͢ն˲䣬ɳ
ۿ͢Ӱһ⣬ԶʧǰɳһתǷȥ
Щ
ղţȷǸ˱ӰϤģ˵˴󹦡
ڣӦòȥүˡ
⣬ôĶȻҲ˲ߡ


ʱһߣҲæȥ
ɶٶ죬Яȫٷӵĳ绯һ⣬֮˺һ
ֻǣǵٶȻ죬ȴαȵǿߡ
ߣ
ʮʱ䣬һߣڳɶ֮·ǰ
ԶһӰȴ
ƣղ˵ľ
ơ
ʱҲˡȻ֡Ҳٶ㡣˵ͷԣСӡû뵽ôù
ƣ䣬ҲżΡ
侳ߡ
ȫʢʱڣƼɱڣ侳ߣɱֻԼ
Ǻˣ
￴Զˣʡ
˿Сƹһۣ˵α֪ʣȻɱǺ踮үӦ׼㣬ձɣ
ۿ̤ǰһµ֮֮ϯѹóﴭɫһ䣺Ǻ踮ˣ
סɱˣǺ踮Ĺ͢
̤͢߹ƽء
ÿһ̤ɫ԰ޱȡ
ϼһ
ʱСƹ̤ն䣺Ǻ踮ʲôүǱɱģҴ֮ˣ˵£ԩͷծ޹أߡ
ƣ
СƹĻɫ䡣
˵տʼСƹųʱ򣬳ǹ˼ɡ
һ·Сƹô࣬ټƽദ֮ûú˵仰ò˵ͽСƹԼѡ

ߵɶΧ֮⾳ͺ֮
֮ʡ
ʱ׼֡

Сƹһۣ͢ЦֻΪĵȤɷģգǻһᡣ
ƥ򣡡
Ʊһһֻɫ󹷣Ȼ֣ȡ֮ǰɫС
ֻСɽСĺɫ󹷣ݣǡޡ
ļѣ
͢Ц֮Х֮ӰΡ
͡
ڹ֮͢Ͱ֮ʱƵͷֳһڵľ޴ӰǺһӰ
Ӱһ˫ɫӣ͵һ
𡣡
һ̣ӰſѪڣ޺նΪ֮
˲䣬Ѫ֮Уһɿµת۾ڹ͢ϣ͢ɣΪ£û׼Ĺ͢嶼һ
ǡ
֮͢ǣȫֻǣźɫ󹷺ͺɫͷ뱾һģһӰĿɿڴͨıͨǴ˵еġޡ
ޣ
֣ù͢
˵Уޱͨһ£Ϊ¡
ܿ죬͢˿ֻһֻļε޶ѡޣܰɣȺ˷䡣
ޣݹǬ½ҲǼΪϡĴڡ
ڲȷ˻ξ֮ǰ׼ֻϡɱ
ֻޡշһ
֪ʱΧʮӰһ·ߣ񿴵ֻȮ޳֣ʶֻޣӦþǺ踮Ҫҵֻ
뱾һ츳ֻͨޣ򵥡
һЩʶߡվԶЩȡ
ֻֻļսֻˡһָоվλǿߵλá»ᱻ츳ͨһ̵
ɡǵ侳ߡ
ͨΪɡֻɫ󹷣ѵǴ˵еġޡ
һ˼֮ˣˡ
ޣ
Щˣû˵ޡ
ǣǰ߽֮ǻȻһ޵ĿУ¶ȡ
ݹǬ½Ҳϡޣ
䣡
͢һƳµֱ֮ӽɫ󹷺˳ȥͨɢ
ƣ
ɫ䣬Ӷɫ󹷵ߣƣû°ɣ
Сӣ侳ߣҵͨûãΪ
ɫ󹷿ԣżΡ
ߣǰǿߣգȴҪһ侳ߵԣĪĳ衣
Ҫһˡ
Ц
𣿡ɫͻȻʡ
ʲôɻ
һʼͲһ뿪Ͳˡ
ɫ˵
ЦˣѣҲ㣬һ֮
ѣ
ɫһ𣬳ɫ˫ͫһ˿⣺㵱ˣ
ô㲻Ը⵱ѣ
Ц
ã߾ѡ
ɫ󹷵ͷһ˫ɫͫףͻȻĹ󣺡Сӣͳ㽫ҵѣգҾͲ
ɫ󹷵Ļһ

ʱɫ󹷻һڹ⣬ٴ͢ɫ˫ͫ͸¶֮ɫ
ֵɶǰ棬ӭ˹͢
㻹ǲ
ۿɫ˲ʶȤ͢Ŀһɱ⣬̧֮䣬嫵̺֮Ű֮ɫ󹷡
𡣡
ɫſѪڣһ޺
˲䣬µ츳ֶͨΣ֮Ͱ֮棬Ȼ͢Ĺˡ
⡭
͢סˣʲôֶΣ
ɶҲסˡ
ۣʱǿɫſ³һѪΧɶ֮Ͱ֮·Լ
ֻǣظоɫϣԭϢ𽥵ή
˵Ҳʶɫ󹷸ղʩչֶΣһҪ۵ġ
ƣ
ɫ䣬У̺żֱࡣ
̤նɵͨ۳Σ֮ں֮ڷɵͨϣֱֶӹ͢
ݣ
һŵĶâһ侳߶Բ׽
ڹ͢ǰȴΡ


326 ɶʧ
ں֮ƣ
͢ĿһЩȣһ̧֣֮Ͱֱ֮ӽķɵͨ顣
츳ֻͨϧΪ̫
͢ɨ˳һۡ
ͨɣ³һѪɫˮ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ڹ͢׼ٴγ֣ɱʱɶѾվ˳ǰ棬ﻤΧ֮⾳Ŵ֮۳һµķС
۳쫷磬Ȼֱͨӹ͢
ɶϣżַŭ
羹ϼһˣ
ߣŮ츳ٹʮ꣬һսڣֻ˵۵
͢һ̧֣֮Ͱ֮׾ٽɶĹɶi˳ĺ󳾣ͨɶһƬɷס
Ȫ֮£ȥһԧɡ
͢ǰһɶ֮Ͱ֮ٴαǣɶ
˵踮Ĺ˹Ǻ踮ں衯֮µһǿߣһȻ鴫
ʮöƷԪʯûˡ
̫͢ǿˣһһŮֻͨޣ֮ûС
ϧˣһŮ츳գȴҪز

Χ۵ʮߣ׷ۣ͢ɱʱǵĺ̲סס

ۿ嫵֮Ű֮¡
ǰһɶǰԹ͢η壬Ű𣬳Ѫͨӭȥ
磡
ɶɫ΢䣬ʱɶ֣ﱳƳںϵֱӽû׼𿪡
˸ж
һĻ͢ڣһ£嫵ֱӽѪͨ飺գ˫ͨӵߣҲɣ
𣿡
ͳޱȵԾ֮£֪ʱһֻɫ󹷳ڳǰ
ɫһѪڣµ֮Ͱֱ֮ӿ͹ֶ͢ײһûʲô𶯣һ𣬾ֱӻΪޡ
ȫһģһͬԴ֮
û뵽㻹ֶΡֻǣҪٿҵɲס
͢ҲˣޣӦʩչ˿ԽĹΪõطɫһٴʩչ嫵֮Ͱ֮ٴֳ
ҵ뿴Ƿҵ
͢Уżֲм
𡪡
ɫ󹷣ٴſѪڣ֡
ֻǣһΣ֮͢Ͱ֮棬ȴǶʲôֻȫӺɫѪɢ˺ɫϡ
䣡
ɫ󹷱У֮㱻˳ȥ
Ҳʩչġ˹͢󲿷ֹȻ͸ղһ£ɡ
ôܣ
ɫˣ˼Ź͢ڵķȻû뵽ԼĽʧЧ
֮ƺЩͬ
ɫһ˫ɫͫף¶ȻףĻᶼûˡ
Сӣһϣܺѡ
ص壬úɫ󹷸ܵأ»һֻСƹڿУϵشڵһ¶ѡ
ƣ
ɫһܵĳأУֲּʡ
⵽츳ͨɣɼ
ѵҪˣ
ɬûȥΪĸҵʣûĸ׵ûʵ»ʱﰵĶɶĳŵ
Ҫɶ߱Ǭ½
߱䷱ƾ桭
ִ֣֮ϡ
һжˡ
ģ
Ĳģ
Сӣȥ
͢ͺһ֮ת֮ڣٴγֱ֣ɱ
û˺磬ûܡ
ڳ̾˿ΪʱһޱȵԾ֮£һϮʤѩŮӣ֪ʱٴγڳǰ
ﻤ
ֻǣλŮӣƽݣʧ
ȡ֮ģһžգ˿һۣ̲סĲľա
͢ˡ
һǵһμŮӣͺǴӻ߳һ㣬߻㣬Ůӵò
λŮӣϢ
ԶΧ۵ʮߣҲˡ
ǵˣܿŮòı仯ôҲû뵽ղŻͨͨŮӣͻȻͱǡ
ϧŮӣҲҪˡ
̲ס̾Ϣһ
ɶ
¶ɬںɶһʱģҪɶһ
ڣȴɶڱ塣
ۡ
һ̣Լ̫̫
ɶˣǰȥ͢һϮʤѩϣһɱϢڻӡ
ͻȻɶתͷ˳¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣϵŮЦóԣɶ
ǳǳЦݣɶתͷĿԸֲֳᣬǰĲᣬ⻹㺡
ɶҪʲô
ۿɶתͷԶĹ͢ȥģ̲סôѸ٣ô
磬ɶһܳΪӣĺ㣬һӣɶһõӣԶˡһʶ֪Ϊޣɶ޴޻ˡ
ɶįһǰţߵúÿһշ·һǷ֮⾳
һʱ䣬ռ䣬͸ĺ磬ƾһƺ⣬֮У̺޾Ĳ
ɶҪʲô
ɶⷬɫױˣɶɵ£ɵ£
Ҫȥֹɶɳص壬һЩ׹ա
͢µؿһĻǰİŮӣһΪҲ͵侳һأԣûκв
ܺ棬ʲô
ããգŲϻ۶ĺ磬ЯһЩҳ𽥵رɪ
һ΢磬ϴöɶϵһϮѩ£Ʈ
˿̣ɶӰλеӣȾ׹

һ˷۶ɱ磬ߵķѡ
Χ۵ʮˣվԶܸо鲼ɱ֮⣬Ȼ䣬ǵԾ˺⣬Īؿ־塣
ǵ壬֪ʱѾ΢΢ͺ죬޾ĺ
ʮ˵ĿתԶʤѩӰÿһ·պ綯Ӱ
Ӱʥޱȣ֮ġ
ɶһϮʤѩ֮ϣ֪ʱһɱȫɺε
µɱϢɶϣӶƬգһ̣·𶼶˼ѹ֡
ɶɵѾͷɵ£
ﱯϵغţȻ֪ͻȻʧɶҪʲô֪ԲǺ¡
һԤУϾҪʧȥɶˣ


327 ׺ż
ɶһ˳ĺûлͷһͷ
Լ᲻á
磬Ϊ㣬ɶʲôʲô
Թ޻ڡ
ɶκ˺㣬κ˶У
ţ
֪ʱ͢üͷ𣬾ؿɶյŮӣϵɱ֮⣬ǿʢģ̲ס˼ּɵ
ô£
⣬һ侳һߣΪʲôԼָо
ͺٵĲһ侳ߣһԼҪǿ侳ǿߡ
ǡ
ԶСƹɶɶϵϢˡ
һɲǣһ˵
磬úûȥɶãϲ㣬Ҫ
ɶǰţϵϢڲϵڣ·ڽĳɱ䡣
ŵȡһö󻹵£ɴ󻹵ҩҪʱգļٿɶɶɵѾͷɵ¡һ֮⣬µڶˣڣԸһҶĳŵҶԣ䣡
ܿ죬ǰһĻóͫһ
ɶ壬εȫǣܿ죬ѣɶӰٴγ֡
ֻǣڵɶԭٲµ㷢ǻѩףɶˣϵϢȫˣǰȥÿһɱ磬·ҪƬظ˺
µƬأڳ֮ˣϵѹ֡
ôܡ
͢оɶϵı仯Ŀʼ̲סܿ죬ɫͳױˡ
侳ءءأ
侳ءء

·ûֹ
ͻƣ֮
侳ءء
侳ءءء
侳أ
ԶСƹɶϵı仯̲ס
ǿ꣬һʱӦɶΪı仯ɶΪһֱֱͣڡ侳ء
ɶ
ɫȫˣ¶֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ɶϷʲôɶ֮ǰʧ̬ףɶϷı仯ΪʩΪ
ӵ侳һص侳ء
ҪѵĴۣ֪벻ʲôֲôµΪԽ
侳أ
ɫ󹷵Ļٿɫ䡢ľĹ͢ԶΧ۵ʮߣһĿɿڴ
һУģ
λյŮӣʥһŮӣΪ̶̵˲䣬ϵķѣӵ侳һؿʼһֱͻƵ֮
侳أ
˶ˣǶйϵļλǿߣһΪƺҲû侳ذɣ
һУ̫ˡ
š
мˣ̲סһȣʹʶǰһУΡ
ܡôôܣ
͢㶵ؿһĻ¶޾ľ֣֪ΪԼĻ
ǰŮӣֱࡣ
˶ɶһΪʱһͳĺòɡһʤѩɶдܿ죬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪һţڳ֮ˣ̲ס˫ۡ
һ˲䣬ٴۣһĿɿڴ
һµŮӲˣȡ֮ģһֻİ׺׺ϣɢźͰŮһģһϢ
Ȼ
ʮΧ۵ߣ״ˡ
λòǣòɵŮӣȻǡ
ɶ
ҲˣǰһУĳʵ̫ˡ
ɶȻˣǡ
׺ͻȻתͷƳ˳һۣϵĴ㵺Ͳ˼ʱһ˫ӣᣬʹ˺ѷΡ
·𿴳ڡ
ԭԭ
ǰİ׺һɲǣ¡
꣬ʱһˣȥһֻСֻ꣬С꣬һֻ׺С׺
񻹼ǵõʱС׺ʱһĻĻ龰
ޡ
Сһ㻹Ầأ
ôС㲻ֻСĸɣ
ޡ
ҲµûȻֻСĸ꣬

ȫˣȥ󣬳׽⿪ɶǵֻС꣬ѹֹȥԼɶϤʶ
ԭˡ
̧ͷ׺µˮʹȻɶ˼ɶ㶼Ψһӣһ㣬Զ䡣
Ļ׺һˮֹסؿ˳һۣعͷȥ˹͢
ӣ˲仯
ϣһɹɿµϢգΧ˶棬ʮΧ֮ˣ⡣
͢ɫɷףǰһУϡ
Ķˡ
ղΪβЩ֣Ǻĺˡ
ż
һֻż


ʱԶһӰӶ
Ϊ׵ˣֹͶ䣬͸¶ϣǵ󣬻żˡ
ˣֻС
һˣǡɳңңָųСƹиŮӣӦǱ˴ɱˡ
ΧһۣɳûǸŮӣ²
Ǻ踮ں衯д޸ڡ
Զʮˣϳһ˵ȵΪˣЩȡ
û뵽ˡ
ֻɱҶ
ںСƹиɭȻɱ⡣
ǡɳͷ
ߣ͢ǶӳڸϹˣ㾹ûһһɱûã
ںһ踮侳ߣ䳰ȷһ䣬˲䣬һ磬ֱӿĳ֮Ͱ֮
ס֣
ʱ͢ȡ
͢ûëɡ
踮侳ߣ͢Ȼֹ֣м
ں踮ܺ͢踮أٲȻǺ踮֮µһˣͺ踮侳ߣΪ
񣬹ֹ͢ôȥ
ңڰٸ𣬸û͢ƾʲôֹ

û֮͢Ͱ֮˳Ҫɱһ侳ߣ͢㻨˰컹ûɱֱǺ踮
踮侳ߣû˵꣬һ֧飬Ѫա
ù죡
֮Ͱ֮кֱӱޡ
͢ɫһ׳ա
һֱѰ·
ֿǰİ׺һۣĿи޾Ŀ־壬׺ûֻǿµķ֮壬ͽǺ踮һǿɱˡ
ǿߣЩȴҲȥ
󣬾ֻҪ׺һͷҲǱɡ
ں踮ǿ߱ɱ˲䣬踮ںʹ޸ڣԼ踮һǿߣɫ䣬ɨ˰׺
ż
̽鵽׺Ϊ踮ں衱ʹ޸ڡ״סˡ
ˣ㲻ǶǿĴڣһΪ侳صǣڶУû˵Ϊܳǡ
Ǻ踮ں衯ǰ
ں豾ڷŭ׺ɱԼ£̽鵽׺ǾżķŭȻ޴棬ȡ֮Ǽɵ


328 ֮
Ǵ޸ڡǰ
ںߵĴڣæǰİ׺ֻ׺ǾżӽĴڣ޸ĴǰҲҪϥ
ż侳ǿߣ
ǰ
ںĺ踮֮ˣ׷׶԰׺
ˡ
ŵں迪ڣܵ׺ϣĿɱ⣬͢ﰵ̾һ


Ŀ쫷磬ϯΧˣµķ֮壬ڳ֮ˣѹ֡
ں衢ڵˣ׷ɫ䣺ǰ
׺ˣ峺˫ҹյķǣ˳ϣ磬ɶڣúչԼ
ɶ
ɫ䣬ô󻹵ָһЩƵӿն׺ʶɶƺҪʲôʹڲ
ֻǣշɳͱһ͵΢ס
ףɶֶΡ
ɶҪҪ
У¶־֮ɫ
磡
ޱȵԴ˷µķ֮壬쫷磬̺ſµɱ֮⣬ڵں衢Ϊ׵һϡ
ǰʲôںе֮
ںɫ䣬о˰׺ɱ⣬벻ͨǿżΪλԼ
ӣ
޸ɫ˲䣬·֣֮գӡ
䣡
˲䣬ĴڣΧĿ·֮壬ֱ˻ڵǣѪ¶޾ľ֡
̫ǿˣ
ֻż̫ˡ
ǰһӣһ
ǿ޸ӶӲ
ԶΧ۵ʮߣĿɿڴǰһĻǵ
޸ڡڶǣҲǴҪĴڣȻգ侳һصŮӻľżǰں޻֮
踮Ҫùˡ
Щߣ̲סںĿУ¶

ٴδڵںһϵĿ·֮壬ź֮ĳ֣һ˺յĺ磬ɨжһЩϸСĺڶתغϡ
գ
ںʹڵɫɷף찡Ȼա
ǿԿġագһ˵Ψǿ߲ǰľżһǰֻ̤侳
ǰ֪ε㣡
ںˣ벽ľżȫʩΪҲֻϵ⡣
ǰɫɷף¶
޸ƽʱڶǣ߸ϣޱȣĵһߣҲһͨˣͨˡ
ںˡ
Լû£ΪҪںһ
ˣɱүֻߵǸŮӣˣǡǣ
̾͢Ϣһ
ʲô
ںɫ䡣
ͫ׸һǺ踮׷ɱһˣ
ǰ
æ׺ҲǺ踮ˣû׷ɱǡ޹أ޹أ
ڣ
ںɫһ֪˰׺ݣ֪׺ܷŹڵĻɫһˣҵԽջǶǴ޸ҪȻҲȷǻڶǡ
ں裡
ɫױˣ޲ֱӳɱⵥں裬ں˼Ȼ֪ˮ
ڣһϵģ֣δزѰһѵҪԴУ
ں˵
ں裬ΪҲ֪˼޹أΪҪֽȥ
æҡͷ׺ǰ㣬ңΪС
Ȼİ׺ȴûڣڵںʹڵϵĿº磬Ȼ£ΪȽһЩ踮֮ˣɫɷס
ɳǱѹȵֱѪоԼλˣԶİ׺ֻо֣еŮӣֻ׺εģ
ɳȫǻںޡ
ΪҪ
һֱǻ
ڣ
ں豩һ
ں裡ҧأȴҲ֪Լûѡͷ֮ϣȼŻľӰ۳Σ츳ͨ

ںͷ֮ϣһֻӰ۳Ρ
踮֮ˣ׷׶ˣԸԴУһʱ䣬ͨ۳Ρ

ֻǣֶµĿº£ںʹ˵ͨڣ˵̼ͨͱѹ飬磬·̺Żһеܡ
ںʹڵͨɣɫɷףҲù
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ԵںʹΪףһ˵ϣ֮֮ǣ֮⾳֮ƣӰΣ·ҪֶµĿº翹⡣
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ϧЩںǰƬ̹赲˵ֱӱݻ١

ǰ˳踮
ǰ

һ˵ģ׺ĿĮ
գ
˷ֵںʹһ˵ĺ磬£µѹˡ
踮ˣд޸ˡ
ԶΧ۵ʮߣͬʱ̲ס̾Ϣһ
踮ôҲǶһգмҪ׻ˡ
󣬽֮󣬺踮ڡ
ۣۣۣۣۣ

£ĺ磬µѹ֮һʱ䣬˵ںʹֻɫǺ죬ˣ׷ɫ䣬Ѫ¡

һҽУΪɳ塰ءһֱըѪա


һ踮ӵܣܿҲiɳĺ󳾡
ܿ죬ֻʣ»ڸ翹ĵںʹˣˣﻹ֮ǰ緢ĸ񣬳ɥ֮Ȯ

ںһҽУһȣֱӱ˺ѡ
ͣ͡
磬ǳ£һ˲䣬飬ѿһ졣
ѷ죬ֻһңȻѷ֮һ˿˿ɫմȾڵںʹ˵ϣ˲乤һֱӱѪ꣡
һ˿˿ɫ磬ѷ£ʧ
գ
Χ۵ʮߣ׷״ˣֻżգѷֱӺɱںʹˡ
ݣ
һɨվһԣɫȻ·Ĺ͢
˲䣬͢Ҳi˺踮˵ĺ󳾡

Χ۵ʮߣľôˡ
ǿֻİ׺һ˫ϵʱ򣬳ɫ䡣
ֻ׺Ҫɱǰɣ

ݶʮ߶Уظ


ʮߣҳɣһƴȫӶԶ°׺ᷴһ㡣
ǿ׺Ҫɱǣ練ơ
Ƭ̹֮ϵգֻʣ³׺Сƹ
ͻȻʶɶʩչ赲ķɢȥˣ׼ʱؿԶİ׺ȻСһֻС׺
ֻС׺ģһģһ
ɶ
ۿС׺ҡҡ׹æ̤ն𣬽С׺˻С


329 ضɽҡ
С׺һ統һμʱɰ
˫С׺˫ᣬж᲻ᵯֻδĴɶ
ڵС׺˯ǿ˯⣬һ˫ˮĴ۾˽۵ͷȥ˳ϵˮ
ɶɶ
ܿ죬﷢֣Լ˫֣ͻȻһա
С׺˫壬𽥵ػޣ󣬳ֻʣһö˸ɫӡ
ɶ
мŨŨıࡣ
ɶôˡ
ԺУֵɶһһĻĻӻγ˵ɶһκڵ۶һͬǽΪ˷ޡ
ȻһУ˾¡ˮл
Сӣû
ʱСƹҲָһЩƣ˳ߡ
˵ʲôɶûѵɶҲĸһö棿ֻҪҵʣܣ
СƹĻӣ¶ϣ
ĸײͬ꣬ȷʵڡ顯棬Һ飬ʱסġһǡȻһΣԶʧ֮䣡
Сƹ˵
һǣ
еϣܿ컯˵ǣһޣСǡôΪ˵ɶһǣ
ûԭǣֻǣղǿнΪ侳أѵΪͲҪۣȼԼǿΪһǣѾˡ
Сƹ˵
ȼꣿ
һû뵽ɶôĴۡ
Ϊ
ޱȣԼԼ̫
ҵʣɶôʣϣ
뿪
Сƹؿ˿ΧԳ˵
ųĿȻľصͷһһֱ뿪߶ȥȥڴ󻹵ҩЧ£СƹƣҲָࡣ
￴СƹûѯʣСƹ͵ҵʣԸ㣬Ҳ塭ǾɢȻҲû취ǿȴҲܡ
ĸף롮ǡǶڣֻҪʳ֣Ϳӣȴȫͬ
Сƹ˵
ʲô
еϣȻ޴棬ɫɷףô죿
Сƹ˵Ǭ½֮ӣǲȫȴҲδؾû취壬ʲУǾҡۡ
ۣ
Ǭ½У˵еĴڣ֮ϡ
˵Уܡ
ۣ
ٴϣֻҪϣͲҪɶ»ɶ߱Ǭ½һ˫ɾ¡
»ָСƹɫͫףԾһ
ʵղ˵ܰӣҲֻſڿӣۣǴ˵еĴڣǰǿߣȴҲû˵˼ۡ
ۣ翡
˵˵Ҵ۰æһ棬ȵ졣
Ҳǲϣųʹ˳١
ڵĳͱϣȥǿĶ
ңǴ˵еĴڣĴڣܰҲ˵
ƣɶڣ᲻ɢҪʩʲôư
ΣﻺعСƹ
ãͺΪһ壬һǼΪϣֻҪû뿪飬겻ܻɢ
Сƹҡͷ˵óȫ졣
Ǿͺá
˿¶ᶨĹ⻪ĿֶһѰҡۡ
СƹĿ⣬̾һ
ǲ֪ηǰôҲ꣬ʶԵһ˵Ǵۣۣû˵˼
ȻЩȻԳ˵
Ҳϣʹ˳١
ң۰˵ӦпܴڵģϾڴ۵Ĵ˵ҲȫǿѨ硣
һ㣬ҲҪġ
ûи˵
ɶǣʣһǣ壬ġɶҲǹȥġɶΪɶʧȥǣ̺ļС
Ȼ޾ԣǣϾǹĴڣԺ»ɶ˯ļУҲ˵
ϾԺ£˭֪أ
ߣǼ٣Ƿ׷Ҹǡ
˱ˣһѹĵףڵҪúûš
Ψкúõػпɶ
һһָֻһЩٴμ٣ֱ߷Ӷȥ
Ԫڡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ԭƽڣͻȻ䣬ضɽҡ꼰ɽ
פڵ壬ҡҡ׹
Χͨ壬ĻҳӶ䣬һͨ壬ڵӣڱأҲ׷ױѡ
лɽϵĵɽɷϿ
ʱһװɽ
ڵӶԣϤǸϽɽȥ
ߣɽ
죡ˣʲôҪ

ͨϣһڵӣж£ӿԸͨ壬ӿ˿ޱȵĵɷϿУһʱ䣬ɷϿվˡ
ɷϿڵǵɽɽضɽҡҲֻеɷϿ΢ƽֻܲһ˿УΪȫ
ʲôˣ˲ɣ
Ӧǵ𣬶Ǵ𡭡찡
һڵӾԽԽˣɷϿ⡣
ɷϿϿյҲΪϡϡɷϿԶһͨ壬ɽһߵ£һߣǶİɭ֡롱ڡ
¡¡
ͨ嵹£ƬأǾ
ǵɷϿڵˣһʱЩվȣΪһЩģ򵹵ء
Ǵϣ
жϣҲˡ
ڳϣһһڵɷϿڣڵӶˣŵӣŵӣĿתЩϡ
ϣ׷ʲô£𣿡
ϣλأ
ϣô£ȻĻΪģ

һʱ䣬ڵӣ̲סϿڡ
̵ڴϡ١󣬴λãѾˣ˹ȥġϡ
ٰ꣬λ棬̽򡣡
վе̨ϣ΢΢̧֣õɷϿָ˵
ϵĻڵӣ׷׷λ棬侳һĴڣҪ̽練ơ
ϿգĵӰն
λʦ壬ڶԣһֱءһΣҲ֪浽׷ʲô£ɽ
˾٣ңң
ɽĵԴ
䣡
׼ʱһɿµϢ˲ʱص𶯣𽥵ͣЪ
ÿµϢѵǵ
еĽϣͫһ


330 ж
ôǿ𣿸ôԶֻ΢͸¶ϢԴĵ׸еη塣
еһˣ¶ּɵ
ǵѵǴ˵еֻǣڣܻ𣿡
еһˣˡͯϡü
ǵܿġһֱھѵ󱲣κˣô
˾١̾ϢһӦ֪һЩй£˵ƺһǧƣֿǸطû֪ʲôط
ǰȱǴأΪ棬ǧƣҲûл
ͯϵͷ
ƣӦһλǿĴڳأûʲôϵͣЪȥŵӰɡ
Ͽ˾٣˵ϼһȻȥˡ
ǣʦ塣
˾ٵͷ
ߺͯϺеһˣҲ˾һͷȥ

˾ת뿪ͬʱ뵽ʲôĿ⸴ӣϴȥʢһϢңɱһ侳ǿߡ侳ǿߣʵȵ
û뵽ңǿ󡣡
йسṫ֮ӵ£Ҳţ˵˼ŵĽѣԼǿƹϵŵǿŵ¡
Ǽŵ
ϻڡ
Ҳˡ
꣬ϻڵ٣ǰϣڣҲֻųﱻΪ
ȥȴǽĺϻڶĪ
ꡣ
ɹϴȥ˵δţīʯ۹УһǿƵ۹һ⡮۹һĳƺţӦҡ
ҡҡͷ˾Խ룬Խɬ
˭뵽յǸСһ¶ǿ
ֻˣˣһ˵Ϊ
Ѿڵϡ

˿˾ٲٶ룬ɷϿӶȥ
Խ룬ֻԽԽơ
ϾԽڵġ
ƣ·磬泹׸
ΧһЩǿԶԶؿ֮أ̲סĿ¶壬ֱӴܶȥͺʲôµĶһ㡣
֮һȥϿȡ
ϿȹޱߣɽҪ
Ͽ֮ڣһɿµϢϿȸʱԾһֻֻС̧꣬ͷϿȵ˫¶𾴡
ϿӰӶ룬ȫࡣ
ңңԶһŵΨһŮӣΪ׵ӣ峤ڳˣ֪Сڡ뿪˻ǡ
ͨڿ¶Ѿ֪С뿪ˣֻϣǣСһɢʥϢȻǵʵǿҲס
꣬ڴСڸʱչ֮ǰչ˺СڣСڣСڲ֪뿪У뿪˻򣬰
ֻϣСƽ£ҪȻǡ
һˣû˵꣬ͱһ䵽µĵͺߴϣţһװݶûõĶ
ģһǿޱȵ֮֮ɨ˲ѹ˹ŵϡ
˱֣˲׹£ݺݵˤڵأһˤûͷȴ
ڡ
𣬹ڵأͷ¡
ʱǰԶһλչȵƾճ֣һͷѩ˪ĳڼͷһŸɿ鲼ɣȴķ绪ʱһλò绨˶
ֻǣһ˫üٲȻ䣬͸¶ŭ⡣
µϢùԶˣ嶼ʼ
Ǹɵĺ¡һٽѵǡ
ͳ䣬Ӱ١
ùڵصˣ˿ѹټ
ֻǣ˵ɫǺܺÿΨһǸŮӣ毺õϣ¶ֵǣ˷ŭСڳ˰ɣ
Сĳ£ǿɾͳԲ˶ˡ
ϣСû£Ѿͷû꣬Ǵ̫Ļ֡
СڣǧҪ°

뿪ϿȵζգأƬ֮뿪Ԫ
ԩԩ
һ··뵽ʲô͸¶˸У̾˿
ԱңԶ֮ء
ãĻĮһ޼ʣһӰգϣһɹīħ̺Ż
ԶһֻСƹɢſ֮Уһ˫ɫͫףֳֵǣСӣǷ˷ˣ֪ħ𹦡ƫħǸԸħȥ߻ħ
ȻСƹҲ֪ԼȰ
ڵ֮һִˣϴε£Ĵ̫ˡ
䡪
ʱԶӰħһȻ£СƹĿ⡣
СƹӰΧħ۶󣬾һӴħӰ·ЯŸ

ħӰһɢµ˷
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱյǵӰΪģΧĻĮɢħӰ֮أµ޾ɳֱӵԶͣЪ
ͻȻȶӰˣȻվ
˫ֻǣԭһ˫ӣȴɺ죬Ѫޱȡ
СӣΣ
Сƹӿնʡ

Сƹ˲䣬˫ɺӣˣֶ£̺ſħӡХ䣬ֱСƹ
ӡƵ£̺ں֮ƣ֮µ쫷磬쫷Хɳ
Сӣ㻹ûͻƵ侳桭
Сƹû˵꣬ӡ͵ˣӦ̺ĿϢʱСƹĿ΢ϵ֮ӭӡ
䣡
ӡ£ĵ֮顣

Сƹˣ⾳֮ڽӡ顣
켶ҵԵ֮Ժӡ⡣
Сƹȵ
ӣһ˫ɺӣ𽥵ָ˳̬˵ĵ֮Ҳ͵侳ءҵӡǿĻں֮ƣ㲻⾳֮ѵڡħ𹦡ҲֻǸսħż
СӣȥǴӦɶûһİ֮ǰħ𹦡ô
СƹƬ̣˵Ҫ֪ڵġħ𹦡
ţһУɶǿġûʵ㣿ʱûҵʡۣҿ¾ͱɱˡ
ʲô¶һ˿˵ޱȼᶨ
Ҫʵ
ޱǿʵ


331 ֻΪɶ
ǼߣΣ
Сƹʡ
Ĭˣһ·ֹ˰ʱ䣬ƶȫٷУ˵˼ٷУһ£ҲӦ׷ˡ
ȻȴһӰӶûС
ǻǰҲ˵
˵
šСƹͷ
·չȥȴûֳ˵Ӱ٣أ𼸷ֵǡ
ǲʲô˰ɣ
ܿ죬ְοԼһ·ƫһЩҲǡ
ţ
һ·ǰеĳСƹͻȻһ٣һһĿ⣬Զ
ԶһӰƾճ֡
һλվһĪĸоͺվصų˵ĵ
ָоóеѹ֡
侳ߣ
ﴫСƹʡ
ǡ
˭֪СƹسʱЩҡҿ͸
ʲô
סˣ͸
Сƹĵϸû˱Сƹǰߣǿߵ꣬ȻԶȫʢʱڣɱϾǿߵꡣ
׻˵úãձ
Сƹ꣬ɶΪǵ侳أһ̽
ǰСƹȻ͸
ѵһ侳ǿߣȵ߻ǿ
̲ס²
ͬʱ̲ס£ΪλʲôĿģһ֪Īѹ
ǰ
һ£òͷ﹧
СƹҲͷ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ڴϵϸϸģ
һ˲š
ͷ漴һ̧֣֮˲乤֮ͽﻳеһǣ
һö˸ɫӣֱӴӳﻳзɳ
ɶ
ɫ䣬ۿ鱻ߣ£ħԾһ˫ӣǻɺ֮ɫ
ħӴħӰڳϣĮң
ħ
ųϷı仯ƺһ㶼⣬ݼ䣬Ƶᡣ
Сӣס֣
Сƹɫ䣬Сӣɡ
ǿĴڣƼܽɱʱ򷢺ݣ
Σ
һ飬Ŀһ˿簮һţ漴̧ͷ˵

ħ֮󣬳ñޱȣѪͨѶ䣬Ѫڡ
˲乤򣬳ﻯ˰֮壬Уɵ֣ͨں֮ƣԼŰħǣɵͨɲǼֶŲ֮ƣһ
ݡ
ɵֱͨ
ǵĿ⣬ѵøһ˿ͨǡôܣ

ֻһ̧֣Ҳûʩչʲôķɵֱͨӱɢһ˿ɵ㡭̹ųǡҡˣ
̹ųǣ
СƹɵˣĿУżɻ
֪Ϊλ˵̹ųҵˡ
ʲôңСƹûʲô̹ųǣ֪ǿݹǬ½һġب֮ǡ
Ȼ̹ųǣҲֻûȥ
ݴţ̹ųǣλǬ½ͼġ
Ǭ½Ϊʢ֮أǿƣ˵Ǹط洦ɼǿߣңƽʱǾ¥ȾƵһЩ͵ߣܾǿߡ
䡪
ͨɵĳɫǺ죬ϵħǵħӰХֱ
ߣ
ͺһߣֱӺ˳۵ħӰ
һһ˫ɺޱȵӣָ˳̬ʲôˣΪҪҵĶ
Ǭ½Ϊұǿ㶫Σ
ƽޱȡ
ǰղеǰ黹öӣǰõĵطǣֻҪǰӻңöӣҶԣҪ
ͷҲףǰܿġ
ǵһΪͻƵ侳صɶδĶ֡
Ϊöӣʲô㶼Ը⣿
ؿ˳һۣʡ
ǡ
æͷû˿ɣǰԸ
ãҵҪöӶжҪڣ£ҿͷҡ
˵
£ͷ
һ
׻˵úãжϥлƽ𣬳˹أֻĸʦ
Ǭ½ߣǽϿñҪ
ôԸ⣿
Ц
һĿһֱǰ㣬ֱӹڵأϣſµϢǾᵽ˼¡
ԼԸһҲܴ衣
ڣ¹ɶڵ飬¹ɶòЭ
Ϊɶʲô
ǰ㽫ӻҡ
֮Уͷ
Сӣ
Ը¿ͷʱų֪Ϊ˵Ȼ֪ļ尾ɶİˡ
ᣬһᾣƽʱϿñʲôҪ
ΪӣԸ¡
һǵطǸĸʦǰ£ҪľģСƹܸܵ
ǰ㡣
̧ͷٴο¡
㣡
һο£ѹֶͳ
ϣֻΪɶ
ţ̧ͷǰڿԽӻ˰ɣ

ĻЦ˻Ƶô̶
ǰ
һ档
СӣҷˣöӣҲܸ㡣ųƽ·˵һ޹ص¡
Ļסˡ
ؽҧ·ҪѪˣң
СƹɫͫУҲ¶ֲ壬һΪȴûаǿ߷ȣǿߣԳУȴԶţǿ߷ȡ
ö棬һƲлꡭû´ӦΪɣҺܺ棬ʲôˣֵΪϣ
ʵ
ӡ
Ｘҧڣǰ׼ķŭȴ
һ̣һʹԼ̫
ӣ
ԣĿһƺ֣գ֮ͯɣԭں棬ɶꡢˣһˡڿСӣȷɶɶ۹ⲻ
ŭ⣬Ļ˵һʱȻ޴档
ȡ֮Ǵ㵡
ɶ
ʼգûɶ֡
Ȼ֪ɶϵɶ
㡭ʶɶ
￴̲סʡ
СƹҲˣһ㵵ؿĪȻˡɶң䣬ɶʱ仺
ɶѾͷԳʼҴġãʶ𣿡
ƽؿųʡ


332 εض
ĮĻĶУ羪ףóһĵһͷǷ˼š
ԶСƹĿɿڴؿû뵽ǿĴڣɶżеĹϵ
Ҳе𺳡
㡭ɶĳ
Żعؿޱȼ٣ǰͻת䣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ļûκλɡ
Ҳ˵˵ɶ֮һͨΪҲûҪƭҪɱһ򵥣ûҪ˷ʱ䡣
Ҳ˵λɶĳ
ȥҲʹɶ£ÿɶ̸ܶ˵ǰ֪ԭ򣬵֪ɶǡʱͳ
ɶȷʵ֮
ɶˣͳǰ޾
տʼޱޣȻ޴档
ɶˡ
ɶ˵ΪŻ³
ôڲˣղŲǺ޲ýɱ
ɫƽųģʵ
ﲻҡ
æͷЦôҲ벻ǰλɶˡ
ɶӣɶˣɶĳҲĳǰ֪Ҳˡ֪ˡĻҷ
֮ǰ¹ͷ£Ҳٽ䵱衣
ֿɶĳһǽɶףȸĸ¹ͷ
ճ
üƺż󣺡㲻
ҡͷǰҲ
ĸʡ
ǡ
ͷͬʱЩȡɶĳΪλ֪Լĸңղֵʱƺȵ˵һ䣬˵ʲô̹ųҵˡ
ʲô̹ųңδš
ѹˡͷ
ǰղ˵ʲô̹ųңʲôˣΪλ˵̹ųҵˣ
﹧ʵ
ôĸײ̹ųҵˣʵ
ǡ
ҡͷĸǻҵˡ
ԣȻ򣺡ңҲԴ̹ųҡɶʶģ
ѯʣﲻҵæ˵һμɶĳ
ԵԵ
꣬һ̾·˼֡
ܿ죬ϵĺۣ޷ԶĿ⣬磬ֱӳε£ηģ
Ȼ֪ʵʲôûκڶ£һһ˵
Դ֮䣬ɬޱȣ̲סʹԼ
ǣܺá
ͷǵĿԼż⣬ɨ˳һۣ㣬߰ɡ
ǰ
ֿĿеϡ
ɶһǣ档
ôа취ɶĿ⣬ʵ
һΪɶȥҴ۳֡
һ棬Ŀᶨ־᲻ɴݡ

Цڳüͷ𣬲֪ΪηЦʱЦСӣ˵ƾ㣬Ҫۣѱȵ죡ۣΣ붯֣ԸΪ֣Σ϶ɶ
һʣóɫһ
ǰǷɶһ֪Ҳֻڡġ
ܿ죬һǰΣҶҪһԡ
ĿĮ޴
ﻹֿ֣ڵɶҵۣô۳ܱ֤֡ɶѰҴ۵һ·㲻ᱻɱǬ½֮ǿƣ磬ɲǻܱȣɱ¾ƾʲôɶðգ
㣬ܸұ֤ܴɶ˳ҵۣһ·ϣκΣգ
Ŀ⣬͸˳ţóɫ˲ɷס
һ
ǰܱ֤
ʲô֤
ƾһ侳أɱһ侳ͽߵΪ
һΣǰλɶĳΣҪסɶ鱻ߣ
ǰΣ￴ʡ
öɶһǵ飬һߣҲȥëߡʱҵۣԸΪ֣Ұɡ
ϺӶ𽥵ػޣȳӦ
ǰҸȥδ㣿
ɫһ䡣̶ʵ
ڳﲻκλʱ˻Ƶ˷۶ʲôʱŴ۽룬Ȼȥӭ㡣ûҵۣһ⡣Ҳټҡټɶ
ܿţֻʣ³֮СɫȻ
Сӣԣɶȷʵȸ㰲ȫң˵ˣʲôʱҵۣԸΪ֣Ȼټɶ
Сƹܸоڵ飬ο
һ˵ͷƣû£·ɡʱ䣬ɱ˸Ҳ֪ʲôط
һһȥ
ǡ
ϣһޱȣпɱ¾ʱ̲ڷɰȴǰӿ
û뵽踮ˡ
һ¥һƿ̲ͣס̾Ȼ
踮ôҲǶһ˵ûûˣ˼𺳡
踮Ը֮£ǩ֤ٺˣʣһˣ֧ټĺ踮Ҳ֮С
һƿͣΪ⡣
˵Ǻ踮˵Ǵ޸Զʮǰ޸ڶ᧿Σȥ²ҪãҪiϺ踮ĺ󳾡
û뵽Ƕ˶̵ʱڣ̷ôıʡ
һֺֻܹ踮ù˲ǵĴڡ
ҵǾãùĻǴ޸ڡ¸ƨϵûУӲҪȥ֣ԩ
ڣԳƵǴ޸ǧʷУùĸ

һʱ䣬¥׷Χź踮ʹ޸չ
ʮǰһϢضǣ˶ˡ
һλİŮӣɵľżһֻİ׺׾پͽ踮ʹ޸Ϊ׵һȫɱǿߣھżǰûκλ֮
侳Ҳˣ踮ʹ޸Ƕǹϵǿߡ
ûˡ
ףô£ôоеȡ
ͻȻ¥֮ڣһƿü
ܿ죬¥ȣˣ׷ʲô£
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ܿ죬ƿǷ֣¥ʼ緢˾ҵĵһʱ䣬ЩҲ侳ľƿͣ׷ն
ɵ߿֮ϣŽµĶǣǵУֻ޾Ŀ־塣
찡ǿʲô
ǣ·һȵµĿ»֮Բãз˳֮Ӳεض


333 
¡¡
ǣԼĿأֱӱµĻ֮и뿪˵棬ն𣬷·һе졣
ֻǣϵߣȴһϲ˶һĻˡ
ô£
ǣȻˣ

еߣһֲѡ
ܿ죬ǵ߷֣ʱ˿̣ǵ˷Ļ֣֮ǿ߶޷뿪Щ֣֮ˣڿµĻ֮С
֣
һʱ䣬ߣðͷ
ΪǰһĻʵ̫˷˼ǿߣҲûн𣬲ҳ׷ֶΰɣ
أǵ߷֣ǵĻ֮һּٶ£
һʱ䣬Ƿ·˿ģһЩԵĽȼܵĻ档


ܿ죬ΪȽϵ͵侳ߣ׷ײҽС
֮һ£µϢѹЩ侳ˣ
ǣһʱ֮䣬·֮ǡ
侳ߣһȥ
ֻʣµ侳ߡ
֮£
ô£֣
֣Ӧ˻ֻǣܽŪڹ֮䣬ӵ˿ĴڣָǺεǿʣۣ
ҲǵλǿĴڡ
Ҳ

Уǵ侳ߣһʱʧ̬ѣ֮£ѹǽ֪ȥãǾͻi侳ߵĺ󳾡
ϿգʮӰ
ЩǶǿĴڣ侳ߡ
ǰ֪ε˼ң
ǰʾ
ǰ

Щƽʱǰ߸ϵǿߣ͸¶ɭȻĿ־壬ٽĸо̫ˣ侳ߣҲܡ
һֻ

ȻûǣǵĻ֮һ££ٶȣѸ˼֡


У쳹ϵĲҽУһ侳ߣȥ
ʮ侳ߣͷʼðоĪѹ
λȥǱɡֹһǷܺһ֮·Ӵܳȥ
һλǿߣ˵
޳ɡ
޳ɡ

ʣµǿߣһ顣
ʱʮǿһǵĹеĳһ㣬ʮɿµ̺֮֮ͨͰ֮𵴣ѷ죬ѿ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ۿʮǸĻ֮ͣ٣ʮǿЦݸոȻֹɫɷס
𡪡
ֻǵĹеһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ǹطһǧ׵֣һȫɻ֮ɵĻſڣµĻ֮˲佫ǵĹ
ۣۣۣۣۣ

ʮǿߣͨɣһʱ䣬ʮѪǿ³䳤գһѪ
ߣ
ʱһ˻Ƶĵͺߣ˷ģǻ֮Ŀ£ٶȣת֮䣬֮ȫ£
նĶԶһӰңңԶĿɿڴؿһĻ
ЩˣǸ뿪ǣǸ׼ǣͻأı仯Ƿ׷׶סΣŶǱ룬ն
ûãǾͿԶնĶǣ£һ貵µĺɫ㣬ɫɲǣ͵ɢ
䡪
µľ죬źɫɢȻԶһЩΪȽߣ̲סʹڸס˫Ѫ硣
ٴοԶһµĢɢòɢȥ
һƽַ֣նڣΧȻ޴棬ֻһƬε죬һʵѷ졣
ѷ죬£ϰףµѷֻԶԶȥ˼ѹ֡
ϰ׳ѷ죬𽥵£Źһӣϰ׵ѷ죬ޣֻε죬ԼǲƮ
⡭
ǣûˣ
찡ʲôǿߣʣۣ
̫ˣƬĮĶǣôٵˡ

ԶߣĿɿڴһһμ˷˼֮¡
ǰһĻ̫ˡ
Ρ
ټһǣǹʣ
ҺҸպ£뿪˶ǣӹһȻҲͶᡣ
ҺãһЩǰһЩǣұɣ
һĸоá

⣬Ǹ뿪ǵߣ׼ǣûüߣҲѡ
ڶ棬Ȼһ³
ȻҲвߣɫѿߣף
ʦ𣡡
ĸף

Щߣ״ڶУȻգǵףȻûӹ˽١
Ǳˣȴκγޡ
Ϊ֪ܻٵǵĴڣһҲϲϣ˵Ϊǵױ
ֻĬĬسһС
ûע⵽ըɻҽʱ򣬸߿֮ϣһλһۣиֳ簮
ţӣƾʧʡ
Ӱ١
ãأһ޼ʣĮߣ･ҲľûˣܿʶӦǺͳ߶ˡ
һ·ϣħ𹦡͸֮Ƭʣµʱ䣬ڵľ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ų䣬һľ˶
̬ɶڳǰֻеʱģŻ΢ƽһЩ
ÿеķɵͨľ£·Լıˣȫ˽ȥһ̣ģޱƽ·¡
Сӣǰиӡ
ǰţŷɵͨڵľľ˶ֻһֻİ׺ųɶ˼
СƹĻڶߴ·ûӰ쵽
ֱڴϿգľĵ̣ľϣɶһ΢Ц
ĵľսָĴӡ
ӲӦֻжʮ˼ҡ
ȥ
뵱뿪ǣѾȥµʱ䣬һ··ûĿĵһӶС
ӣ뿪Ǻ󣬼ĵһ˼ĵط
Сƹֱӽڴ档
أͷ֣棬ڵļͯ׷תͷͷ΢΢һЦʱЩͯȷʵǼ˹һ㣬ֱܡ
һж𣿡
СƹҡͷֵСӣǽȥ
ʱ棬߳һˣ˵ߣһˣ̤˶ԳһЦˣ


334 ĪĴ峤
˵Цó崺磬һЦ˼ҡ
Сӣˣһ侳ߡ
ʱĶߣСƹĴǿ꣬һʱͲ̽˵һΪΪǶǺ踮޸ĸߡ
˫ⲻײһû뵽ôƫƧһӣ˿µǿߡ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ǿػӣͲˡ
ȻƫƧʱ䳤ˣȻв߾һЩԱŰߣɱ¾Ҫκɡ
˵Ĵ£ӣǰȻʣӣֱһԴиŮ֯Ը㣬·֮ԿһЩŮæµ
ֻǣ﷢֣ЩŮ񣬿ʱǹǣͺƻӵƽһ㡣
ˣ⣬ȥߵǴӵңˣˣ౧о裬ֻҪϤ㣬ǽƵˡ
΢Ц
ͷ⡣
ˣеĴǰӴųһˣ˵Ĵ£Сƹ˽ȥк£ȥˡ
һʱдֻʣ³СƹǸһֱߣûгˡ
ˣȥ
˿΢Цʡ
Цһ·ΪѰǵͬ飬ֻϧǺɢˡ
˵˵ͷ漴ҽܣҽľγƺ

ľͷһЦʣľҿˣҶе⣬Ϊȴ˼һ㣬ҶƣѵͲҴӲ𣿡
ĻľһЦŴ峤ˣ峤˵ˣǰЩ߲ͬٺ٣峤˿ɲǾȥӭӿ˵ģֻöԴûĿˣŻȥӭӡ
峤
ﾪȣû뵽Ǹ˼ҾȻӵĴ峤
Ǵ峤ˣڴĵλͦߵġ
Ц
ǰǴˣش峤ˣ˵ûд峤ˣǨӵȥˡľûʲôĻ˵
ͷڸղλˣ̲ס˼־⡣
ľȥɻɣд˾ˡ
ʱ˴˳ﵹһ裬ֿСƹλѣҪһ
ͫһƿΪģ˾Ȼһ۾Ϳǵ
СƹҲЩȣβŷӦҡҡͷ
ˣء
һڲ裬ǵĿ⣬·ܽ￴͸
ɲǼ䣬͸о˵ǰͺûκһ㣬ǰĸоἫΪˬɲ֪ΪΣλǰȴûокβס
Цû뵽һƫƧС壬Ŵ峤ӵдͨ
ҡͷһЦɽҰçѣˡ
ܿ죬ٴοڴƽܵǴӣҲԵԸ⣬ڴסһʱ䣬ܳȥһЩҲ˵
˵룬ﱾܾƵĴӦˣȴ֮ˡ
ƣӸȤ
￴ƣʵ
ղţҪܾӦЩ֣ƽʱʲôôĵˣΪλӸȤ
Сӣħ𹦡ħȥԲӰ졭Ӳر峤ϲ⣬ȥһҲڳ׶ħ
Сƹص
ͷ峤ˡ
ˣסⷿӵĸ¥ɣͷΪʰһ¡
ֶԳ
л峤
æл
񣬼ѾȷԼͳɢﵹҲˣʱס
Ӻƽס˼պԷ֣Ů٣̬˸츲صĴת䣬üơ
ȻٲԼĹ͡
⼸գڴӸߣķ·˴ӣޱƽƽ֮£Ҫæģ˵͹ȥæ
أҲдϿɡ
ʱҲʶĴһ㣬ΪӣǺľһˣ˭ǺãǾͻٱǧ˭á
һգڴڵһʯϣЩʧ뵽ʲôָȡľ
һľ״̬µɶ
һľһֻҲɶ

̾Ϣһｫľֶһľ֪ʱһֻ֣ɵͨ֡
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ŷɵ̧֣ͨ£ľһ̺ۣһ֣
ȫĵľУȫȻûз֣ԣһӰ
ķɵͨţڣĵľ׳Ρ
ɶ
һȻȥ˽£ɶ˼ûκθı䣬оɶһӣ·һ㡣
磬Ľ˭
ͻȻߣһԲԲ
Żع֮ˣ¶᣺ҵӡ
ǳɩɩͳɲŮò
˵һʮˣ˳ԲģһС۾תţҹеǳ
С֣㻹֪ɲŮò˭ġ
Ц
СӺٺһЦǴ峤˵ģ˵ӢвŻ˺Ůһ𣬾ͽɲŮò
Сӵ磬ܵ
С֣첻ðĸչ𣿡Цʡ
ٺ٣ܳˡ
СףһЦС۾ת͸¶һ˿ƻ֮⡣
Сĸ׻ͷ׷򡣡
ԣʱЦСӾõͷ˵ˣҿҪˣֻҪҷˣĸ׾Ͳҿˡ磬ôŽС㷢
СһڴؿԼһ
һʱ䣬뵽ľĳλëתһ룬ЩͯˣСӣ˵С֣ʲôʱкˣͷˡ
᣿Сһ档
ͷָָԼĲӵ£㿴͹ͽСᡯ
ѽаҸôûкᣬѵûз𣿡
Сһʵ

ԺУֳСӸӴӷ׵壬ôֵˣȫ⣬кᣬҲ
ߣԭ׻ûзĸʱΪʲôͲѵӣ׷أ
Сӵϣ¶˲֮ɫ
һЦ֪ȥСֻؼҺ¾Ҫȥĸˣæ˵С֣㸸ʵҲкģֻ࣬Աסˡȥ϶
СƶǶ˵ͷԭ
ܿ죬ʲôСӿ˵磬ҿ̵ʱ򣬺ʹ峤˵̵ʱкܴ𡭡Ϊʲô


335 ̡
峤̣
СӵĻЩȡ
λˣоԽԽˡ
԰峤˵ĵ̹أҿ̵ñȳ̵ûҪ죬Ҳȳ̵Ҫ¡磬ңϻ
С˵˵ţһûӰˣֵԣ·ûκθɡ
Щ֣Сּȥʲô
ܿ죬ع˸
ܿ죬Сܻˣϣһľױõ˳ǰ磬㿴ȥգ峤͸ҵ
ｫľùһױˡ
ľֱһġС֡·ڶЦ
ôҲ뵽һľԣֱվһһ㡣
˷˼
ԼĵֶΣѾǸֻǾ֮ܡ
峤ĵ̸֡
磬ôСڴؿų
ͷС֣˵û峤̵ĵľȷʵҳɫ
ٺ١
Сף峤˺ģҲһľԸ̵ġ
С֣ں˵ҵĻˣ
ʱһԶ
СӻعͷͿվǰˣҲȣһֺã峤ˣڳǰأҲϣ̵ĵľ̵Ҫá
Ŷ
˿һۣڳһֻϵĵľ֮ϡ
ľǳ̵ġɶ
λǡ
һۣͿ˵ľ֮˵ıˣЩڴֵ򣬷·ǵˣﻹôѹֵıˡ
峤վ˴к˵ҵӡ
˵˵ͷҲûٶʣÿ˶Լܺ˽
û뵽㻹һλ̸֡
Ц
ĸҸ峤ȣ̵ĵľǱԡ
￴һСֵĵľС֡
ܸұȡ
ҡͷһЦ꣬ҲͶʮͷңϰˣ̲żֵ꣬˼ꣿ͵ʱ򣬱˵࣬һС̲á
·ȥЩ廳
峤и֮롣
￴ˣ˵
˺棺˵
һ峤ҵ̡
ڿԵĵľ󣬳Ͷһ뷨̳ܵԵĵľ˵͵ɶһֱ
룬Щ
üͷһƣһЦѧգúÿҵ̾ˡܶණֻᣬԴǷѧЩʲô͵ÿԼˡ
л峤
æл
ļգﶼ˵ߣ˵ľ
һգվ˵󣬿һ̵ľ֣ͷ·𱻸ħÿһζǡô
һһԵġͳˡ
Ȼ·ոն䣬￴ó峤̵ģǼǰӵ
ֱˡ
ŵľ˫ϵ⣬ʱһ죬ﳹױˡ
ܿ죬ֻع˿ʼ̵ڶľ
ڶľܿ컯ˡơ
⡭
ſԱߣ˯ƣڿֵĵľ󣬳״ˣȻҲû뵽ڵϣֶΡ
һľ˵ﻯ˵ľ
ˣ˵ϵĵľУųԵĹԡ
һʱ䣬ȥ
￴ƶǶ
ڶգһգ⣬˷ٶȣؿ˵Ķ
գ˳ٶȣ磬ϡ˵ֻ˲ӰƬ̹һľٴγ֣ԡ
ֿгƷĵľ·ûκӰ졣
գ˵ٶַϸƷζаۺǰ
գû׼̣ԡ
ǡ
ͷȡһľ
ŵļ̌𣬷ɵͨ𽥵۳Ρ
Ŀ⣬ȫڵľ֮ϣûз֣ڿгεķɵͨʱƽĿ⣬״Ƶϣ⸡ֳ־ݡ
ؿ˳һۡ
һУﶼûп
һϵķɵͨľ£ŬȥǰҵĸоһɲǣͻȻ֣ԼһƬհס
ݣݣݣ
£һľ£ϸֿЦ峤СֻҪľ׼̣ǰϹۿģ·ȫˣһƬհס
ԭΪῴʧĿ⡣
˭֪˵˵ͷĵֶΣԳһҡڣҪģģңĵֶϣںҵ̵ľ裬һĵֶβܸһ
Ȼ
ȡһľеķɵͨ£ľΣûиоԣò˵棬ȹȥҪࡣ
һҪľмɼꡭ
˰ο³̰
ͷ
һһգֹͣ·ʧڴ˵ǰ
ЩӣڲϵصľÿһľĵľЩ븳ľԵľ磬ֽࡣ
·𿴵˻ɶڵȴ
ָоԽԽ
һʱ䣬˶
ڣھգ·һľ磬ķɵͨ£ǰһ㱣ľɶڶ΢Ц
ɶ
鼤֪䣬ŷɵ֣ͨԽԽ졣
ʲôʱͣµģ֪

ֱһڶߴ˹ˣ峤
ɹˡ
峤Ŀ⣬ڳеĵľϣ΢Ц
ԣæͷеĵľľɶԣһۿȥڶ΢Цϡ·ں
ɶ
￴ŵľоˮᡣ
ߵ뿪һ֪
̫ˣˡ
СƹԾնųĵľɫ˫ͫУ¶ʣСӣ̵ֶΣѾ׷ϴ峤ͷˡ
峤
ﱻƾѣعŷ֣峤Ѿ뿪
ǳȥҵˣϿҵ峤лл
΢΢һЦ˫˸ǵĹ⻪нգʮ֮˾ŶԼĹͣҲֻǳ䵱һ·ˣҵ̵˲٣ȴҲֻա̡
̣
ﾪȣǵһ˵ʡ
̣õ̳ĵľԣ̡
˵ͷ̣Ψڡľ£̳ܵȻ̣ҲζţʱԽ롮ľ磬ԣкܴİ

̲ס𣬸ղ̵ĹУûе̣Ҳڵ̡


336 
Ԫ
һĹϿȣﻨ㣬һԴϿ֮УȺС꣬һЩС꣬ܿԡ
͵͵Ҹ׺ĸ죬֪һܣСγȥǣֻʣһǣʥ֮塯ء
һֻɫС꣬ߵĻ飬һֻɫС˵
̫ˣѹҸ׺ĸ׶ҳȥ
ɫС꣬ᣬһֻĸ꣺СҲǣȻǡʥ֮塯̤ͿɻΣȴҲӦֱȥȻҲ¡
Ҹ׺ĸ˵ѾʼΪС׼ҩöãھΪСܡʥ֮塯ˡ
ɫС̾ͨ󣬲ԡʥءǿڣⱲľˡ
ֻʣһǣСڵʥ֮ܣҲǰȫͬˡ
ɫСһ̾ʱСڿ¶ʶˡ
ʲôСܻѾˣʶǣѵǻ¸ʶ
ɫСЦ
˵Ҳǡ
ɫСͷ¶Цݡ
Ͽŵ֮ڣļ̳֮Уվɽ
ڣ׼ˡ
̳һ࣬һһľͰﵹűɫҩˮľͰװ󣬹˵
ȥɣκ˾ŵңΥߣɱ
Įؿһۣ˵
ǣڡ
˵ͷ˳ȥڹŵſڣȥǼˣֿסŵκˣÿŵΥߣɱ
ǣ峤
ӰִܹŵĴĿɨΧ
̳֮УΣȻʧԭأٴγʱװҩҩҺľͰ֮ǰֻһ̧֣жһö˸ɫӡ
飡
һֻ֣飬ƾһץ
ʱϣĹɵɫӰ֣һ֣ĹɵɫӰѹľͰ֮ڣҩҺ֮С
䡪
֪ʱ˫ƽ죬µϳ𣬳̳
Ȼ䣬̳һһٿľͰҩҺ֮УľͰ֮еҩҺ׷·еˮ


еҩҺϵðݣϡԿĵӰʩչǣ£ҩҺΪһ壬һɫӰ
һʵꡣ
һصȴš
һӹȥ
һʱȥ
һȥ
һ¹ȥ
һºľͰȻըҩҺĲ̳
ľͰ֮أȡ֮һֻİ׺׺˫͸¶ã𽥵ػһλžյŮӡ
ŮһϮʤѩüϧԶ˹ȥ
ʣ˭ʶΪϣܸоеĸоǰ𣿡
Ů߽һ˫͸¶ã֮ɫ
ɵӣǵȻʶѰ
ɿݵϣ¶ȿ޻ѿЦݣ̧֣ظŮӵգɶԺѲ뿪ˣΣա
ѣ
İŮӣһֵҽСɶ֡
ԡ
ͻȻŮҡͷ԰ޱȣΪʲôǲˣΪʲôΪʲôѣΪʲôɶ
иһ˿һ֣ðŮӻȥŴ뿪˼̳˹ŵһ·Ĵϡ
ŴϻԵɶ̾˿ɶҪѡվһˡҲã룬㲻ټǵܵ˺

ԭǵĶ֮أ˻ԭһïɽɽУһֱƶ˵ɽ壬һֱ
ɽ֮ڣһţΪڡ
ɽ壬ǳڵ塰·塱ΨгŵϵĴڣʸ̤롣
ŵӣֻڳ·Χɽ֮л
ʱڹɽ֮һڣӰһ׳ϣңңԶļӰĿ˸
Ҳ֪Сɶˡ
ӰΪУһ̲ס̾Ϣһ
ܣģѾ뿪ǣһ·ˡ
һ˵
ǰı£㻹
һӣҲ
ӣԲǱˣǳ硢ɺ˾硣
뿪ǣһ·ûзǣҪˣ˵ҲǵùһͷǸͷ¶󣬾ûҹǣٹգǶˡüͷ˵
ڵŵӿˣ֮󣬹ͷ˵ˣֻҪǳΪŵӣὫҩ
˾粻ɿЦҲû뵽Լ˻ôùΪ뿪˶ǣӹһ١
˭֪·ɱһͷ˵ҪΪͽǲԸ⣬ͱ˶Ŵյʲôڡ
Ƕ˿һˡ
λʦ֣ˡ
ԶļӰͣ£תߵĴ棬˵
ȻǿˣҲûȥˣµˡ
˾˸Ƿ
ɵͷ˴
ĳŵӣˣףҪ۸һ£вǰԼɻ˭֪ԷǺݶˣһͼǸɷˡ
ǳΪ˵Ŀ
ŵӣÿ¶һЩ񣬶ǿǼҪ˫ݡ
ǻţû˵Ķ֡
ˣ˵ûǰǱµǿУֱӱλǿߺޡˣһ
㿪ЦɣǺ֮˭ܽ𣿡
ߣŲţ˵һλӵдͨǿߣֱöǺʹط룬ǲݶǷߣֱӽٵ
ûЦҲ˵ˣ񲻸ڣԭڵһطֻʣһսľ޿ӣ˵ֵλǿߣõǡ𡯵
̫ˣֱܽӺ޵ǿߣжǿǿߣҲ첻ɣѵʣǴۣ

˸ջò뿪ʱһЩڵŵۡ
ǣǿ𣿱ֱӺûˣ
׷״ͣһ̣ǵϣȡ֮ŨŨĵǡ
Ҳ֪С뿪ûС
ˮļ٣¹صܵܳں޲øȥ֮һ̽
ֻǣһ뵽ԼµĶЩ
֮󣬶ᷢ޽ҩ⣬Ȼˣʱ˵ǵǣսƬĮ¾Ͷˡ
УҪȥҹͷ
ɫһֱȥ


337 ʢ֮
ɺ˾æס磬˾üȰ磬УŵϵĴڣҵ壬ɱ֪ۡ㵣ʲôＪ࣬µģİɡ
Ҳͷǰǰ뿪ǣȥһ¡СѾȥңǱ٣ȥΣԣǻȳΪŵӣõͷĽҩ˵ʱҺ˾һȥ
ϼһ
뵽ǸͷͲҧгݣҲףɺ˾˵Ķ

Դˡ̡տʼڽ롰ľ磬ﻹЩ裬ʱţڳˡ̡
ֻҪһ֮䣬ܽ롰ľ硣
峤λϲˣ̲ס̾Ȼ
Ҳû뵽Ľô죬Ļ˵ݹʢ֮򡱣Ҳһһš
Ȼûʲôϵľ磬һ߶ԣȴżĺô
ڶʱ֮ˣʣš
ݣ
ڴڣĿ͵ĳһ£ľͣһɰСŮ鶯Ĵ۾
ϲ𣿡
һ˫ӣ˹ʣһСŮԴ΢Цؽľݸ
ղŵ̵ģСŮ
лл硣
СŮЦ˻ľԽԽϲͻȻ˽ţʯϵĳϺݺһڣóЩʼϲ
ӦʱЦˣĸײôĸ׵Ļ
СŮŷ۵С죬ҲŲϣԺҪ޸ģŲг确塯ˣԺͲܼ޸ˡ
СŮĻȻû£¶ЦݣΪʲô壬Ͳܼ޸˰˭˵ģ
СŮͷꡯһŽŽСڳĶߣ磬Ҹ㣬㿴ܸ߱Ŷĸ˵ˣ˵Ҫ
˵ͷ¶º͵Цݡ
ĸ˵ӣıŮȢ׵ʱ򣬱˵ʲôϲҪͱϳˣҺô峤һ档ɴ峤Ҳ˵ˣ˸ѧ壬Խ˸ϳӡ
˵СŮ˹һҡСԴﲻҪϳӡ
һȻ̲סЦˡ
֣Ӵӹ鴾ӣֻӵķίʵЩ⣬Щ£ܸ˵

ܿ죬һĴ帾ܳ˴ڣԳﺩһЦֵܣллҿû鷳ɣ
ҡͷһЦСŮĸ׻ȥɡ
š
СŮͷŵľ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ھֻʣ³һˣǰһ޼ʵĻĮ̲סһ̾
ʢ֮򡭡ִǬ½İͼһطšʢ֮򡯣ڵĺܶطʢ֮򡣡
һǵãʢ֮򣬱һϣҪ뿪ʢ֮Ǭ½ȥ뾭Ǭ½İͼϣΪԣҪ൱Ҫ򣡡

ʲô
һΣʶǬ½Ĺޱߡ
ҡҡͷ˴ӣص˴峤˼ҡ
峤ˣڼſڵһϣɹ̫߲ԶСƹҲſ۾ңңʡ
ŲСƹ˹ĳСӣˡ
ͷ
ҹ㵶Ҳֻһ̤˺һԲľҲһʱˣΪλûͻƣ
ϵˣͻȻˡ
ƣ
һ峤֮䣬кϵ
ৣ
ﻰ䣬˾ʹ𣬴͵ؿų㡭ڽ磬̵ʱ򣬾ûͨ뵶ƣ
ҡͷѵԵ
ǰƣܶʱڵľĹġ
֣ƣأҲ˲ڵ̵ʱ뵶Ƶϰߣö֮ҪǣĵƣԵҡ
ȻľڡơҲ˵Ƶǡʢ֮һһˡ
˵
ЦʶԼţǼ⡣
ļգ̣̳һԵĵľͬʱҲʼŽԼ˺һ롣
ʱʶеƵķƥԣٶֿ˼֡
أʶԼĵƣ仯
˺һԲƣˣ
պһ̵ĳʶԼĵƣͻƣʽ˺һԲ֮
ʱҲ֣ͻƵ˺һԲ֮ĵƣ̵ĹУһٶмռ䡣
̣˺һԲƣɱɡ֮⾳ֻʱ⡣
˵죬ǳʱ䣬˵ӡ
ʱ䣬о̣֮࣬Ҳ˴ӣڴѾǡԼˡȻ֪ﲻԶ
ǻǳﵱǼһ㡣
ЩӣÿÿȥԷ
ڴʱ䣬ȻҲмħ𹦡ò˵ڶħƿأɳƵʹ
ҲûйȥԿƣ߻ħĸо
һչȥԹ󣬳ҵˣ峤׼뿪
ڳ˵ҲûȣףվҪ뿪ģڴôʱ䣬ѾҵԤϡ뿪ǰ˶°ɣǻ᲻㡣
ͷЩء
ʱ䣬˴ӣҲԼǴӵһӣҪ뿪ȻЩᡣ
Ҳ֪ԼҪ뿪һӶ
ԼҪȥ
峤ʢ֮˽٣ɷΪҽһ
ڴʱգʶλˣֻʵˣǲѧţ͸¶ء
ʢ֮򡭡ܴʢ֮ϵġ򡯣ʢ֮Χڣֻռһ۵С䣬ʢ֮УڻġС򡯣˵Ҳϰٸ鲼ʢ֮Ͷ򡣡
˵Ļͷ
ʢ֮֮󣬵ִǬ½ͼϿ֪Է顣
ʢ֮򣬳ϰٸСƫʢ֮ģԱ򣬱ͳΪʢ򡯣ǵӣ֮ǰĶǣλʢϱһĻĮ
˼˵
ʢ򡣡
ͷؼס
ֻʢ֮еһСʢԣ󣬴֮أֵһᡣ
ʢ֮Уǿơ
侳߶繷侳߱ߡ


338 ϻ
峤ڻҼһǬ½ͼĵͼһǵãڹİͼϣʢ֮ƺһϣҪ൱ں򡣡
￴峤˵Լе󣺡ʲô
Сӣǡϻӡ
ſһԵСƹ̲סˡ
ʢ֮꣬Ѿ˽⣬֪һЩʢ֮һǿ£Ѿ˥Ҳ˵
ǣϻΣȴǡ
һκᴩϻӣһΣͰ˶ϻӡ
Ҫ֪ʱѾ侳һߡ
Ƕϻӡ
ЩȵؿСƹһۣȻû뵽ӻ߳Сƹ֪ϻӣּ˵ϻӣ˼壬ɶꡭǿǿߣһϻӣҲɣ꣬һ𡣡
ǿϻӣҲɣ
סˡ
ǿߣεǿȻôǿĴڣһϻӣʮ
ǿߣһĿǰΪֹֻһˡ
Ǿǰߡ
ɶλһΪĪ⣬ǲ侳ߣﵹǲ˽⡣
ɾǵߣֻ֮꣬ãΪϻӡĺɱһǿߣ
峤˵ϻɱǿߣǷЩԹʵˣ
̲סʣЩš
ᡣ
˭֪˻ûڣСƹǿ߿ˡšСƹִСӡɡϻӡĿ£꣬ͻƵ侳󡣵һ뿪ʢ֮򣬱ɶϻӡһΣֻһ㣬ҾˡʱһǰϻεˣҲʢ֮еѣ˶ϻС
ˣΪҸߣһˣһΪ侳أһˣ侳ء
ƸĴУԼżֲ
óĲɳ¡
ϻӣô£
ʱҲˣȷʵᡣʢ֮ƾʷϣڶϻǿߣϻӣĿ¡
һǿ߶ɱѵʲôر֮ɣ
̲סɻڶԡϻӡúܣȻһУԴڶϻɱǿߣ궼Ź
˵رֻ֮һ㣬ǾǶϻʵĺˮһˮͬʢ֮һ仰ϻϻˮ֮ϻꡣ仰˼Ƕϻʵĺˮǡϻˮǿǿߣ϶ϻˮһ
˻˵
ϻϻˮ֮ϻꡭ
ﵹһ̶̵ʮĸ֣ʶ˶ϻӵĿ¡
ëȻ
峤ʢ֮Уʴڣۣ
￴ˣͻȻʵ
ʣۣ
ĻһΪ
Цһ뿪򣬾ΪѰʺʹۡ
Ȼ֪Իȴ֪뿪ĿģĻҲһпǳţ»
Ȼ֪ΪҪʺʹۣҲûʣÿ˶Լܡ
ۣǴ˵еĴڣ˵ʢ֮УǬ½Ҳһд۴ڡʣʢ֮Уûʡ
˵
ʧɫʱֲһ䣺Ȼ˵ģֻԼ֪ġңʢʣҲܻᱻ֪
СӣҪʣ确ϻӡǬ½ķȥڶϻӵһߣвʣǹڵġ
Сƹ˵
κϻӣһΣ뿪ʢ֮򣬶ϻһȥڶΣǷʢ֮
һκϻӣ뿪ʢ֮򣬶ڶϻһߵ磬Ҳ˽⡣
Ǳߵ磬вʣڣһЩʣÿһʱ䣬ṫ˵ӣһΪʵӣȮ죬֮¡
ȻܳΪʵӵģһ츳֮
ݹǬ½츳Ƕ֮ˣлΪʵӡ
СƹĻóĿˣЩ٣峤ҪϻӣҪЩʲô
Сӣڵ㣬̫ࡣ
СƹС
ڳüеɻ󣬸Сƹԭʱ˿ˣҪϻӣǿߣһЩߡ֮µǿߣйߣҲܺϻӡ
ҡǿߡһڶϻһЩ鷳
ʲô
˵Ļó̲סɫ䡣
Ҫϻӣǿߣ
Ȼ뿪ʢ֮򣬺ϻӣϻһߵȥ
Щ£ﾡʧ䡣
Ҳ˵ҪȥʣҪȥҴۣͻƵ侳
Ȼ츳ҪͻƵ侳ٺõ˵ҲҪʮʮɣ
Ҫôã
ȻҲһ취ûΪƣͿɺϻӡңΣա
ֵ
˵ǡʺ
Сƹ̧ͷȵؿˡ
㾹Ȼ֪ʺӦòֻǻĵô򵥡
ۣСƹһۣ·Ҫ
ʺ
ﰵӣٴ貵Ĺ⻪
峤СƹĶԻȻֻҪʲôʺҪ̤侳ܺϻӣϻһߵȥ
ԣʺ
˵ͷ͵ʺʸ趯ķкɵغϻӡңʺ侳߽ǿ߻ԣҪ·ϻʲôΣա
ʸ趯ķк
ˡ
к
ǲǰġɻ
ܿ죬ĺ΢峤ʺϻӣʲôҪ󣿡
˿˳һۣ˵˵ӿʸ񡣡
˵ӿʸ
Ŀһ˵õʸ񣬱лΪʵ˵ӣ
տʼﻹ룬ԼҵʣƾʲôȥΪĸ壬ڵһᣬͨ˵ӿˣΪʵ˵ӣȻлӴʡ
ʱʳְæҲȫȻܡ
ȡʸ񣿡
ʡ
˵Ŀ⣬ÿ꣬ʢǵӭʵ״ӣʱǵһˣʵѡɫʮˣ˵ӿʸ񡣡
ǵ
˫۷̲סʣһǵˣʲôʱ򣿡
󡣡
˿ڣʱֻҪʮµǵӣԲ뿼ˣһѡϣʺϻӡ
ϻӣ
ڳ￴ֻҪԺϻӣܳΪ˵ӣȻá
㲻УҲڶϻһߵ硣
ǵӣ
ݴͣԭʲô˶ܲǵеĿˣǵӣܲ뿼ˣȡ˵ӿʸ
ԣǵӡ˵ͷ
ǵţ
ʡ


339 ǵ
˵ţȴֲǡ
˵
峤ĻóȻͷԡ
ǵʢ֮ǿʢǿļλڣ޲ǵֻǣǵֺһͬӲյӣǵеĵӣǴµߴֱգΨߴг͵ǿߣлǵ
˼˵
ߴɻ
ǵ£ߴֱΪ诵Ȩ͡ҡ˼˵
ⲻǱǣ
ˡ
ǵߴԱ˵ͷ
峤˼ǣҪΪǵӣȱߴ֮һ
ʲô

˵ͷҪΪǵӣһȳΪߵ֮һеĵӣչֳȺ츳ʵлǵΪǵӡ
һ·𿴵ϣ
ʮʮ꣬Ȳˣ꣬ܵȡ
˼˵ȻߵǵȻߵ֮䣬ȴǱžϵǵߵ֮ˮ𣬾òɿɱ¾ϡҪߵ֮һҪ׼Ϊһߵ֮һʹĬϼߵķ
˵˵ɫҲ
⵹νѹж
ҡͷһ㶼⣬Ǭ½ߣһǲűصĵʯӭͷ֮ϣһգʯûˡҲζţֹǰ
ڳĻ˵Ҳȣֻǵ˵ͷʢ֮УǿıǵǵʢĵλΪȻ£ߵ棬ͨĳһȻһԼ
ͷܿ죬뵽ʲôʣ峤Уд޸踮ЩڶǵĴʢУʲôλã
޸ͺ踮Ҳ˵侳򣬵ǿҲֻ侳нסڶǣŵϺţǷʢֻǲ

ˣ˿ɬ֮ǰһˣɥ֮ȮӴܡ
ɶΪǸĴۡ
֪ʱĿ⣬ᶨޱȣɶһգһҵۡʱһȥѰ㣬ңĳŵ
Сӣʢ֮󣬲ССĻܱȣ۹ҪԶһ㡭Ҫõ˵ӿʸھͱһѡߵѡһ롣
СƹˣУ͸¶ء
ס
ͷֿˣ峤ߵ֮Уһ
˳Ƭ̣˵λʢϣֱǡ͡ҡߵ֮Уǿҡ
û뵽ȥɱǿƣҡվǽ
Сƹ̾ϢڳߴƺЩ廳
Сƹǰǿߡߡʢдһʱ䣬ǵ˽⣬ǵµߵȴǼΪǺм
˵Ļ˫
ҡô
һҹûҲû˯ڸ¥Ĵǰ񷡣
˵Ҳɣ֮ϣǸУΪͺʾҪѡһ㡣
ߵǿһ
УǿƼ츳ǿ߲ܼܸĶ
ֻкôûл
ȥɡ
˾ϣʱ̲ס˴ˣ˫Ŀ⣬ºվҪ뿪ˣﻹе㲻ᡣ
ಣಣಣ
ͻȻ֮⣬ɫ֮£Ӱһ㣬ڴڣóüͷ𣺡ˣ
ǳô죬һμ˽١
һﴩ¥Ĵն
ſڴǰ˯СƹǷ´½æȥ
⣬Ӱ£͸ҹɫϡԿӣһˣн׸ߣһˣӷ׷֣һˣĶС
ˣԡ
û뵽ʺĵطһӡǾôûˣֵˡҲǸҸŴˣӵǲ
ˣâ˸˵
⡣
ˣһЦһ˫С۾ȫڵ
߸ûз˫͸ҹɫֳɭȻɱ⡣
ˣһζǱݻ٣ӹһ֮ˡ
ʱ˸պó˳ǣͷһǾͱһɿµʹʹط롣Ǹۿǣֱӱ˻ҽ
һĻһҲˣ𡣻¡
䣡
ˣ˴ӣȵİˡֱ˾һӵķţʱﾪһȣʲôˣ
ɱˡ
һЦ̧֣֮ӶһƳ嫵ֱڡ
𡪡
ʱһµ޺ԷڴϵЦݣ̡
찡ʲô
һֻɫ󹷡ſѪڣһھͽĹ̵ˡ
ʲô
ƣ
һЦˣСأ
꣡
ܿ죬ʹˣϡһϤıӰǰһ̣ղҷŵİˣ϶һѪ
䣡Ѫӿֱӵأ

ɲǼ䣬⴫߸ˣһ֮ȭ֮⾳Хµȭӡµֱӳ
𡪡
һ𴫳ɫҲûʲôſѪڣµֱȭӡת
е
ɫ󹷴һã˳һۣСӣ߳ԱˣͿˡ
㡭
߸˿źɫ󹷣ͫһ
ͫףҲעԶΪһŵĶâi˰˵ĺ󳾣Զص˵ϡ

˿ĭû뵽ʱ䣬ǰ˺ԵºͿ׵ġС˿µһ棬̧֮䣬ͽ侳ɱˡ

Хʣµķˣ͸¶־壬ֱӴܡ
ֵ壬һ̣ޱȡ
ôҲû뵽۵С棬˿µǿߴڣϴת۾ͱɱˣǼ£³֪
ٶȿ죬˱졣
Ϣһ׷ԲԵˣѾ˷˵ȥ·ϣƽŷˣǲý塣
峤
ʱ׷ĳҲˣǰˡ
ɫ䣬ղžһһϴɱ
Ǹղ˵ûˣʲô˼
ɨ˷һۣʵ
ǲ˵ˣǾͷŹң
Ŀһ
ݣ
һ̣˵ĲϣƾնһѪ˵壬ֱ׹¡
ҲʣΣûʲôȤ
ɫƽޱȡ


340 Ŵ
ڴסӣͽԼǴһӣ£Թۡ
գӣ¡
ɱߵġϣЦ˻
СǺģ
Ǵ峤ĿˣᣬһΪס


˷ܵգǿӽ󣬴ֶһػǾǳ
ֻǣܿ죬ϵЦݾˡ
ڴ峤ټ£ȫ˶ˣǰĳҪ뿪ЩһĬˣȥӣ͵ĳǣҲﵱԼˡ
˵Ҫ뿪һ˸вѡ
ⶼʲôӣֲԺˣԺпգȻشӿǡ
˿ʧĴﰵ̾һ׳ӵӣѾõȫ˵Ͽɡ
峤ԣԺһпգһҡ
΢ЦůůģֱϿɵĸо
磡
硣
Ӱһһ߳Ⱥǰ̧ͷų
һСӵԴС֣ߺһҪúԺصӺػӡУҪ֪𣿡
Сæͷǣ硣
ֿС߷ཱུСŮ΢Ц´γɲٿޱˣҪǿޱӲܽģ֪𣿡
СŮȥˮ֪ˣ磬ɲԲҪߣ᲻㡣
ˣӦԺһ
ЦЦˣﲻ˰ȥĸװɣҲˡ
λء
վΪ׵ȫһۣСƹ̤նֱȥ
ûлͷһͷӲᡣ
峤ˣҪȥ
ڣ֪ʱС˵ߣЩڴʵ
ȥһңԶĵطŬԺҲܵȥ
΢ЦСӣǴ츳ߵˣ⽫СԼĽӰˣҲ
Ҳǳ뿪ǰС˵Ƿԭ
ģ
СĿûȵ˵Ĵ𸴣͸оϴʹʱ۴У˭СүĶ䣬˲ɣ
Сӣ˵˭ˣ
ӷףн׸ߵȻըףһ˫С۾
ס
СӿȻʱήˡ
ΧĴ񣬿һĻ¶΢Ц
Сӣ峤˵ĻҲһɣǲǼû㣬Ƥˣ
СӵĸףǴӴˣҲǳ˴峤⣬ǿߣվһ
Сæͷ峤ˣԲ𡣡
ˣ֣Ҳǣӽʲô
ҡͷһЦСӵĸһۣ˵
ǣ峤ˡ
æɿץСӶ֡
ˣڴдϡܼĵλ
ƣȷ㻹ǵλã
һ·׼뿪ʢϱ߻ĮĳɵؿߵСƹһۣһΡ
ܾãСƹס
ȥˣܼǵã
Сӡ
˭֪СƹһۣʢǡʢеĵλʳĵλҾλãܼǵǵλá
ǣ
һʣѵ֮䣬ʲôϵɡ
ȻλǱǧ֮⣬ǣΪƿأƿءСƹߺ˵뵱꣬ʢ򣬾Ƕӹһʱ䡣
ĳ˵ɶǣϤ
ЩȣȻƿһУԣʢһҪĴǡ
ƿأ
ɻؿСƹ֪˵ʱΪҪ
СӣңʳеĲҵƿض٣
Сƹʡ
Ӧߡ˳ɰɡ
Ƭ̣˵ʣµɲҵʳǵһЩϷ֣ҲвٵһһС
ԣң㲻óƿʳǣˣ
Сƹʡ
ȷʵˡ
ͷܿ죬뵽ʲôͫһȻؿСƹƣ˼ǡǣȫƿأĲҵһһ
СƹߺߵˡевҵСڵһЩռݵפأÿ꣬ҪϽġԪʯΪפʹȨķá
Щ̲ҵһҪǽɴԪʯʹȨĹ㳡ϵ̯λ̯ռ̯λ֮ǰҪʹȨʹȨǲ뿪Ӻ뿪
СƹĻҲŵˡ
ǰƿǣƿصġƸѾ˷ָĵز
һȣСƹƺ⣬ųذըСӣʢ֮УֻȫƿءǡǵµߵġҡһȫƿһҡǡҡǣȲǣȴҲ˶٣һҲʢľŴ֮һ
ߵѲҲƿһǣ
̲סʡ
Сƹͷ
һʶǵߵĵ̣ʢŴǣԾʢΪĴǣҡߵȫƿһǣ֪̿
ѹֺųʢǵ֮ǿġߴ
ĵ̣˷ָԴţȻƽ֮
ŴǣһǣӦǱǵƿذɣ
ʡ
СƹͷŴУһǳǡΪǵƿء
¶Ц⣬֪¶ˡ
ƣһأ
뵽ǵǵµߵһƿ˰˴ǣʣһǣٴʳеʡ
һǣǰǱʢǿߺһͬƿأڣȴǲ֪ʲô⾰ˡСƹ̾ϢһЩ廳
ǵǵµߵ񣬿ɴࡣ
Ȼĳһȴˡ
ǰĿùһһû䡣
꣬ʢ֮УҲһֻǣһһֱǸһȡ֮Ϊ˵ĳһ
ʢ򣬴ûдڹĸһ
ǵµġ򡱡
ʢֻһǳֵĸΪǵݡ
û˸Һǵԡ
û˸ΥǵµĹ
ԣʢ֮УĳҪΪһеһһҡֱϣɾŰҵ
ǵ
˵Щ󣬳ﵹһͫһظܵǵĿ¡
ʢ֮һ޶ǿ
ǵ֮


341 ơա
Сӣǰˡ
ָ˼µ·ɫƽԭϣСƹңңԶ˵
СƹߣƽԶݼƵᡣ
¹󣬳ʣԷ˼ת䣬ü䣬˼ֲɣڵͲһʮˣһɣϡˡ
ǰ˼ʱԶã֮һǵѾڳǰ
ţ
ͻȻСƹһ٣ǲʲô
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ʱʮӰն˳Сƹǰ
ˡ
źճֵЩˣСƹԻƲƲ죺Сӣһ·㶼ҳ֣ܵó˰ɣ
СƹĻû
ǲϡ
Сƹ㣬ﻹִ֪һʰЩˣСƹ̤նɫ˫ͫӹһ˿Įɨնʮߣһᣬ

ʱΪ׵ߴЦֵǣûżǹءѵΪƾǸ侳һصСӣԶԸǣ
ԣҲЦ
ߣ
СƹĿĮһɨʮߣϵĵ֮ӿ
ѹֵĵ֮·ҵй㣬ӿ
һ
оСƹϵ֮ı仯ʮ̲סһ㶣ǻûнСƹ

ļ弶
ڣʮߵɫȻ䡣
ֻɫСǵң弶
ʮˣǿҲ͵侳أֻһˡ
ˣǵ侳һص侳صߡ
ӣ
Ϊ׵ĵ侳ߣɫ䣬ֻͨĵ侳߶ѣҲûʲôǿĹûԶһߵ似
ƽʱڷ⣬ǿߣǲǣҲͽɱһЩߡ
գΪӣ˭ֻ֪޺Сһֻ弶
ӣ
ۿʮˣĬֱת·֮⾳ҪߣСƹǣ¶Цݣǻᣬûкúϧߣˣ

ʮתɲǣСƹͷһīķëĺɫӰƾճ֡
𡪡
޺ԺɫӰѪд˲乤򣬿µȻӿʮ˻ûзֿ֮ʣǵϡ
ʱʮ֮źɫ󹷵Ѫڷ


һֵĽ˷ֳܿ
ΪǵΣһһûںɫӰѪ֮С

ʮУʵǿΪ֮ˣֻü˶ɫûֵͬʱľҲȻֹiʮ˵ĺ󳾡
˱ɫӰˣ
Сƹıͨһʱ䣬ãĸ߿֮ϣ»ָƽ
߰ɡ
ǰһУ·ڳǰһ·Ƶ̫࣬Ѿϰߣľ
Сӣң
ۿԶĴǶȥͷҲأСƹæȥ
ǣ
£ԶԶظŽµĳУﲻ΢΢ݡ
ǰĳУһУΪӴһǡǡҲʮ֮һǣһֻ͵بžޡ
ֻˣط֣ڳеϿգ͸貵չ⣬ϡԿһЩ͸Ĺ⻪УǱʲôһ㡣
ǡ
ۿǰĹУСƹ˵ͷһ˫ɫͫףֳЩ廳
Ҳдһʱ䡣
ȥУû̫ı仯
Ͽյİ͸⻪һƣʡ
һơ
СƹͷͬʱϸְֳȻơաǵĵлƸãҾ֮һ
ʲô
һƣ㲼õģ
СƹЩ⣺ơաһҵĹ͡
ü㲻ܵôΪλҪ֡
Сӡ
Сƹߺһĵؿ˳һۣƣҲǿ֣֮ơաֻʳĳУһ˾Բá㿴Ƕ󣿡
ٴһǣǵռʮҵĻʳһ
ԣǴ󣬿ҲԶûԶսԶսڲõơֻءͿԶս𣿡
ܿ죬ֿСƹԶս֮Ǽʶģޱ޼ʡ
ߣСӣơֻءܺơաȣ꣬Ϊ˲ơֻءʮĹԶսơֻءƼ򵥣д۸ӵƣģ
Сƹһä߲һʶģ˵ơաӿʼõҲµʱ䣬ãܱ֮ȣ
ĬȻƷ£һϲͨ
ת˻⣺ΪҪǲһƣơաʲôã
СƹơաֻһãǾ֮߶գҲ˵ǣ侳ߡ侳ߣ侳ߣ޷ڿС
ƣ
Щȣû뵽ƣֹա
УǿҲ޷գ
ʡ
侳֮µߣ޷գ侳ϵߣܵšաӰ졣
Сƹ˵
ȻơաҲˡ
ߣǽǡ
Сƹкһ̤ն䣬ӣƺЩͺӻһ㡣
ն䣬ǵĳ֮⣬Сƹһͬš
ǣһ𺳵ĸоվ⣬о·һЯŲɣƣӭѹȶ
ǣһ̣·˹ÿһˡʾ
ǵĳǽܸߣ̧ͷܿǵĶˡ
Сӣ׼һЩƷԪʯ
ʱСƹĴ˳ĶС
һ漴̧ͷǰһĻȻ
ֻޱȵĳſڣʮͳһ֮ˣ£һŽ֮ˣﻹÿһ˽ǣҪһƷԪʯ
ǣҪԪʯ
Щ⣬֡ǰξ㡱ҪƱĸоҲףףԪʯŶˡ
ʲôˣ￴ųſڵʮˣСƹ
ˡ
Сƹ˳֮Уֵܿǡ
ɲǼ䣬ͲһԴһӣֱСƹ
öƷԪʯ
ӣޱ飬Į
ｻ˰öƷԪʯűУǡ


342 
ǣǽֻǽǣȻҪϽöƷԪʯ
Ǻ󣬳ҡͷһ̾Ϊп
ȻƽʱöƷԭʯ㶪ϣҲûȥҲںöƷԪʯǽԪʯ⡣
Сӣʢ򣬱ȥ˼뿴ʢʢŴǣÿһǣһ㣬ǣͱ뽻ԪʯҲǾŴǺֶ֮һ
Сƹ˷ۣ˵
ҡͷûٽ·ϣ⽫Ϊ䵽侳ءĿ⣬档
ǵϳţڳǰģĴʳĴʮһͨߣһͨұߣһͨǰ
ƣӿƣȥﹺ򣿡
￴Сƹʡ
һ·ϣҲСƹĿУ֪ǵµߵյӵ̡
ҪΪӣһǵǵдԪʯ򿼺ƣʲôˣֻҪԪʯͿԹ򿼺ơ
ÿ£Ŀ˳ϴ˴ǣӵп֮ˣֻҪ֮ͨˣлǰڶֿˡ
ֻҪͨˣܳΪӡ
֪Щ󣬳һ뷨Ԫʯˡ
ǰǵдڱߣȥҲ֪ûлط
ʣСƹ˵Ҫȵȥ
Сƹһۣ·һԼĪʮҵӣ΢Цʣλ磬֪дʲôط
ҪȥӿƵİɣ
ǸˣĻʡ
ǡͷ
СֵܣͣӦòʮꡭһΪû侳ϣȰ㻹ǴͷȻҲǰװ˷ƷԪʯҡͷ˵
ƷԪʯ
סˣӿƣҪƷԪʯ
ԭڳ￴ӿƣҲͻѸöƷԪʯʶ̫ˡ
Ȼ꣬ӿƣѾǼ۵ʮöƷԪʯˡ
ӵͷֵ
ʮöƷԪʯ
һ飬ò˵ȦԪʯֶΣȷʵ
ǷܳΪӣû׼ţһöƣҪѶʮöƷԪʯҲ˵ҪûͨˣҲζʮöƷԪʯ״ˮƯ
лѣֻǣҲԶʹ˻ȥΪָ·
ӣøУ΢Ц

̾˿ҡҡͷһ۱ߣдǱߣǰһֱߣߵͷҹ͵ˡ
˵꣬ڳĵлУֱȥ
Ȼȥ꣬дڣû䡣
Сƹɨ˳һۣ·ڶԳ˵ղŵΪֱǶһ٣֪дģ㻹š
·𿴳Сƹе˼ﵭ˵֪ʲôղţԼȷİɣ
Сƹһϣղźôһ¡
ǣΪʢŴ֮һޱȣͳ಻СƹУڵ˱ߴľͷҹ䣬һûʵС֮ǰ
Сſڣһʯɷдšд֡
Сƹ߽дԿдĴΪ̨֣ĸ̨վˣֻһ̨˳
ӿơ
̨ǰ̨վŵòͨӣ˵
ӣһΣſڵһ죬Ҳĵӡ
ʼͷӣûۿĻҲֻǵӦһʮһöƷԪʯ
ǶʮöƷԪʯ𣿡
ü
򣿲ߡ
ӵ˼⡣
˿ѹ궯ȡ˶ʮһöƷԪʯڹ̨ϣһӿơ
ӽʮһöƷԪʯһöϢʧ˽ʣµĶʮöӷ˹̨档
СȻ
ֿ˿ַۡѡǰҲ䳣
һöƷԪʯڵĳԣҲ㲻ʲôҲûȥҴգĿģҪȡӵĿƣԱӵĿˡ
֦
Ŀƣº󣬳Ƕ˵пˡ
ӽһöƣݸ
ֽӹöƣľʯҲ֪ʲôƳɣ⡣
Ƶ棬ƿšˡ֡
һԿöƵĺ棬ƿš֡
Ƶ֣תСƹȥ
ҪżȥʱӰ绯һ磬Сƹǰ棬ż˳ȥ
üͷһ壬վû
дֳʲô£ʧȥӿʸǾ͵òʧˡ
ֻǣﲻΣȴƫƫ˲ô롣
ôСӣʲôüǰ߳
֪ʱżȥеһˣ糤˺һ㣬תмɨ˳һۡ
ͬ飬Ҳ׷׻ع
ӴҲӿƵģСҲҪ˵ˣֱ˷Ԫʯ
СӣʮöƷԪʯȻұ׼ǰ뿪дžҪ£޷ٲμӰºӿˡ
ˣӳڷֳһΪֻС侳ء󣬶Цˣһ䳰ȷ߸ҪóｻʮöƷԪʯ

ԭŵüͷѾɿôҲû뵽Ըȥˣ˷ɫһͺȵ
һʱߵСƹ߳ˣԣǹûôҪñ߰ǡɣ
ˣŷ֣ߣһֻ
һʱ䣬¶ЦͬʱɨֻǣǷСƹΪʱϵЦ̡
ż
ֻ۵СǾż
ˣǿҲ侳أˣ侳ء
۸һ侳صСӻԣֻżûκΰա

ٴοˣޱȣ·˺̹ǵıֱ̣ˡ
㡭
Ȼգó﴿ںٻȥҲףоż֮ͬˣǵģһʱ䣬ɫѿ뿪
뿪һˣɫһСӣ޲ðƤ⣬ղʵ̫ˣ
ҳoⱲӣʹûԹôһ侳صСӣһֻƣ͸Ҳҳoͷʺӣǽˡ
һӣɫҧ
˵УΪ֮ˡ
oǶûʲôϵˡ
һк˸


343 ħ
뿪д󣬳Ƶָ£һջס¡
ջĿջҲõĿջһϣҪһöƷԪʯóʶԪʯʢеġۡ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ʢ֮Уʢǿƣһеǰᣬߵĸ츳֮⣬ǴԪʯʢӵеԪʯԶССĻܱȡ
Ȳ˵Сƹơ˵ƣǰǿߣʢдܳһʱ䣬ĲƸʢ۵ġ
ΪһƸ֣ȡԪʯٶȣԶһߡ
º󣬳ҪȥǶߵġ˵еһֿˣֻͨ˿ԺĿˣǰĿˣΪӡ
Ȼǣ棬û뿪ջǸȥй䡣
ΪӣûϤǣ֮ǽһʵӦؿˡ
ջΪõĿջÿһͷǶԺ䣬Ժ⣬վһŮӦ浽
ջһͷԺУƽվΧٲȻһĺ磬ɨԺеĻݲݱѹ̧ͷ
֮ơվǲһ˺һԲ
ɲǼ䣬ｫХĺҡҡͷ˷䡣
Ե뿪ĮеǸӣһ·ǰǣµʱ䣬Ｘÿÿҹԡ̡ƣǰ˺һԲƣٴͻơ
򡰵֮⾳
ֻˣ֮⾳ĵ죬һɱ䣬ʽ̤˵侳һء
ڣϣ֪ʱͷ֮ϣ֣ͨϲ߲⣬ֶ£ڳϡ
ಣ
ʱſڷ˯СƹͻȻתĿһͺĹͷһ㣬ֱԾſ˳ߡ
߲ԡţСƹһ˫ɫͫף¶֮ɫ
Դ֪߲ͨġЧСƹԣÿγʱ֡
Ҳڶ̶̵ļʱڣļͻƵ弶ԭ
⵽ʲôֻͨɡꡯ˹Ч
ֹһΣСƹšͨǵһμͨǰû˵

˫ʱһī֣ڡ
Щɫ϶ħɣԵ
ԭĹ߽׹ˡϵҶ족ĵؼ߽׹䡷ˡɴƼޣȵؼ߽׹
ֹศɣѾǵġˡ䡷ԣȥȡһ֣
ˡ
򡱣Ϊ޾
Ϊ켶ħ𹦡Եħֱϴ˳һ֮Сˡĺۼͺˡһ㡣
ġʤ̭ﵹҲûʲôˡ䲻ڣħ𹦡ġħĵ֮
ħ𹦡ǡħǡɷ𡱣ԷΪء
Ϊ«񡱵ģ͡«ں϶ɵġ«̲ص켶ħ𹦡ΨСħƪľعȫ
ɷƪֻʣǰء
統Сƹжϣħ𹦡ȷʵһֽƽ⣬ħͷƽĹ
񣬳ħƪڶأÿȫ֣ǾͻܵħӰ졣
ȥʶԼܻԡħΪѪɱ˹ߡ
һУǳԸ
ԣʱ䣬Ѿʼɷƪ
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ͻȻеĳֶĺɫ
ɫħĵ֮֮Ϊħ
һ貵ĽɫƾԳħһ໥֮䣬·ĳϵ˴ƺϵ
ħ𹦡ġɷƪ󣬳ʶɷƪķΪѹħǵӰڡ
ĵ֮չֳĹԶħǿ
֮ɽɫ֮Ϊ
ûʲôȴǿ
ħͷһһء
켶Ǳ֮ΪĹ

ȫУҲ֪˼գ峿貵⣬͸Ĵ룬˫˿
ͬʱ໥ħͷ±սڣͺûгֹһ㡣
ǲһЩ
˻Դһ²ӣĿ˸ҡɷƪͻƵڶأͿԼħƪһħƪͻƵأҵħԶʤ̺ˡԵĵ֮
գħ𹦡ħƪһʱħ̺ˡԵĵ֮
ֱǰʱ䣬ħƪ̤ڶأ֮ɱġħԺ̺ˡԵĵ֮൱ʵǿдݻ˳ڵ֮ġˡԡ
ʱʼڵĵ֮һʩչǴġħ
̺Ĺԡ
ڵĳ˵ǹǿͨǿ似ǿ
ѰߣֻҪһǿһߣԽ׶ԵС
ÿһ涼ǿټյġ֮ơɵӾŲ֮ǰƾѪͨɵͨȫ֡
ǿɱһ侳ߣ
ȻǸ侳ߣֻͨߡ
츳ߣĳȽǿߣ˵ǵ侳أֻǵ侳أҲδؽɱ
Ǹһ켶似ں⾳ߣֻǵ侳أҲûκΰա
ں⾳̫Եˣ
һص֮⾳󣬳ᡣ
˺һ֮ƣ뵶֮⾳չֳ켶似ó𺳡
˵⾳֮ںϡ
µʱ䣬ڳڷܵУܿ͹ȥˡ
գĿ˵п˵ӣ¾һΣʹŮӦ˵ں󣬾ʹСƹ뿪ջ
˵һĺԺ칬ڹĿԺУվˡ
һЩˣ͸¶糾֮ǽոոǵˡ
߽һȥԺУ֮ͬ⣬ˡ
μӿ֮ˣ˵Ҳ塢ˣһˣʮöƷԪʯ
ҡҡͷ̾һĿˣ½һΣĲ㣬һεĿ׬ȡƷԪʯö
£׬ȡһƷԪʯһġƷԪʯ
ֻһ㿴͸͡
ߣˣ඼Բʣģ²ˡ
СƹɨΧһۣߺߵ
˵ĲЩˣԲ
ʱһ̶Կ˵⴫˽


344 
ɫһ̧ͷȥֻǰдſйͻˣ˽
ˣں档
һˣҲǳ֮ˣǰ棬˵ߣһʮҵӣĿƽųһѹ
ҪǣӣϴӵķΣӡ
˵յɥ֮Ȯôô˵ԭ˿ɽ
СƹƳ˳֮һۣ˵
ұ˵ֻż
ڸղų֮ˣɫһʱߵӣ̤ǰһСƹϣһɿµ⾳֮·۳ΣСƹ
ôڲǹȥϾҪʼˡ
ʱԺһ࣬߳һӣü⾳֮ѹСƹ֮ˣ˵
ˣ
һɨСƹ֮ʱɨ˳һۣĴߣֱӴ˳ĶУСӣұܣֱѰ·㣬ֻҪڣ˵һΪ侳أǵ侳ߣҲͨˣ
ʢԺյĴһ治ţһӣֻ졣
ɫһʶ񣬺ܾܿĿ˳ϴ˵ӡ
ֻǣڳ￴ҲһͨӶѡ
һεĿˣ滹һĿ˳ϣ治һӣֻ졣
ƾǡ
ĴޱȣֱӸȥ
o
СƹĿĮɨղų֮ˣǰߣ̲ס
ģǿ˵Ҷֱ֣ӱȡʸ񡣡
o޾СƹĿ⣬˵
֮䣬˳һۣظˣ߿ˡ
СӣղǸ侳صӣˣ
СƹҲ֪˵ĹأΪ˲óۣܵҲûoתͷʡ
ղĶԼﲻײɫ仯
ͷղŵĴһ˵
ߣһ侳صӶѣֻҪչֳԼļֵһĿ˳ϻСƹֱԵ
ҲôáһЦһʼûġ
¶侳һصΪԼ޷ͨĿˡ

Ƭ̣һ̬ӵӰʮųһеӣ˳
ʱĴԺˣžޱȡ
ڣûп֮ˣȫ˳˵
Ϊ׵ˣݵĮ֮䣬һϣһ䣬ĴԺУȥϰˣһʱ䣬ֻʣİٶˡ
Сӣ㡣
СƹҲڳȥȺ뿪
Ӧһ
ЩˣųʮУÿһвܳʮˡ
˼ڡ
һʱ䣬ĴԺУӿƬ֮гʮ飬ٴοڣʮӣֱվһǰ档
Ȼһӣ𿼺һˡ
Ҳվһм䣬Ŀƽ
ͻȻһƵĿ⣬޼ɵɨ˹ɲǼ䣬ɫһ
Ǹӡ񡱡
йͻǸoı硣
ߵһжǰǸߣҲ֪˵Щʲôܿ죬һжӣĿҲɨ˳
Ƭ֮뿪վԭǸǰ档
վ˳ǰ档
ҹ˽𣡡
ɫһȻӰͨˣɿжӣڵͬڳԷԵӬ˾öޱȡ
˵㲻ͨˡ
Ĵִ˳ĶУһʤߵ
ܲͨˣɲһ˵㡣
ﲻػһ䡣
Ǿ仰ơ
ִһ䣬㲻ǿΪ֮ˣ飬һŽǸ䣬һпˡ
ǰӣҲ׷׶ԼĶ˵
Ϊ˱֤ƽΪ˳ϣһʮ˵Ĺ
ʱΪ׵Ǹ˳ϣҲˡ
˳ϵĻĿһ
ܿ죬ʮ𿼺˵ӽʮͬķ䣬ʮǰ֮ˣҲ׷׸Խ˷䡣
ûãʮ˾Ͷˡ
ʮˣһɫȻǶûͨ
ʮûͨ
ò˵⿼˵еգȾЩѹ֡
ʮ˳ֱ뿪˿˵
ܿ죬ʮ˽ȥ
ʮ˳ʱоˣһȻʣµһˣȣ¶Цݡ
һˣԼĪʮ塢꣬󣬿粽߳˿˵еףͨˣͨˣ
ܿ죬˵⣬һˬʵЦͨ˾ͺãͨ˾ͺãҾ֪϶еġ
Ҳ֪Щʲô
üͷһƣЩ档
ʮˣһһȥһһͨˣֵ࣬ǰļʱҲһ룬֮ͨˣֻʮ
ȫ꣬ӦҲֻʮͨˡ
ֵܣŰɣ
ʱǰһԼĪʮӣͷʡ
΢Цҡͷ
š˵
㲻ҲǣЦ
ǰʱͻƵ侳أοˣ⡣һЦ
Ǿȹϲˡ
ͷһЦϾֵˡ
ǰһˣѾȥˡ
Ƭ̣ǰǸˣҲӷˣһʧı飬֪ûͨ
ֵܣȽȥˡ
ӶԳһЦֱӽ˷䡣
ɫƽ˫֮䣬ȴԾһƺ⣬ӳ󣬾ֵȥ뿼ˣҪԵˣ
Բ֮ͨˡ
Զһۣ񣬿˳˸һ䡣
һӺ֮ǰڳǰӣü߳˷䣬ǰֵܣͨˣԽȥˡҲͣϣ㡣ȳȥˣҵļ˻ҡ
ȥɡ
΢ЦͷǸ䡣
뷿󣬷űһ紵ùϣʩչֶΡ
񣬿ķվɨ˳һۣղţ˵޷ֻڣҿԸ㣬㱻̭ˡ
ɫһ㻹ûʼˣǲ̫ˣ
ɨЦһ侳صķҲ֪ôɣѵҽȥ

޼ɵɨ̳ɲǣϵĵ֮Х
ΪֶΣȻ޴档
侳һأ
ϵЦɲǼˣų㡭Ϊ
ƽؿ񣺡ڣԿʼ˰ɣ
ͲµΪ˵£񣬵棬ȫչֳԼΪҪʱǷ񻹸ҹ˽


345 һ֮
ķڣ֪䣬Щת䡣
ƽٴظһ䣺Կʼ𣿡
ܿ죬ջԼ𾪡͵Ŀ⣬ϻָɣĿһ䣬ͺȵҳϣǵ侳ߣ𾪡ֻǣǲǾãչֳ侳һصΪͻͨˣ
ʲô˼
üͷѵԼչֳ侳һΪ󣬻ҵ󵽲Լͨˣ
ʲô˼
ЦˣҸյ˵͸˵˵ֻ侳ߣǵ侳ߣҲͨˡ
ͣӦòʮ꣬츳ǲ񲻵òϡֻǣ˵ףҲͨˣͲͨˡʶĻɣھ͹˵
񵭵˵һֱ֣ӽŴ򿪣ȥ

һ޼ɵĻЦˣЦſЦ̺ŵ֮˵
ʱ˵ڵ˶סˡ
ʲôˣô󵨣
Ŀ˵з
Сӡ
˵⣬ЦСƹҲˣһ˫ɫͫףһ˿ɫ
ʶӦǸ˳
ķڣԳЦ̺ŵ֮ݿɫûзֺ仯ųЦڿϷû˿η塣
ô£
ʱһ̬ӵӰڽ˷䡣
ϡ
عԽ
ǰˣڵȵˣղ֮ԹЦΪ˾λ˳ϣÿ˳Ϲֹ治ţһӣֻ졣
ϣΪҺܵһЩ˽˶Թ˽𣬹ⲻͨˡ
﹧˵Ϊǿ˵˵ĳϣڣȻŲ͵ĵλˣӦòһ㡣
Ͼʢǵ֮£ǿ
ǿеĳߣǹ֮ˡ
ô£
ֱ̧֣ӽŹϣ
ϣҹ۴ǣ츳ǽԣǰٺһ棡ΪˣҾòʺͨˡ
񹧾˵
䣬һҶΪģ
ţ
ԣӹڳϣܿ죬ϣ¶־ȣ侳һأ
ϣҲˣǹⲻҲ뿼ˡ
￴ˣɨһۡ
ôƵĽڶ˵Ľڣ˭ţ
꼸ꣿ˿ʡ
ʮꡣ﹧ص
ʮ꣬侳һء츳˵ͷ
Ϲ
æǫ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ĿǰΪֹһ㶼ģ֪䣬ԤС
ѵ
츳ǲֻϧǣˣ츳ٸߣԺɲţǵΣ֮ʣһģ¾㡣
ƽڣԣġšҪ
Ҫ
ԭأﲻԤУ׳档
һͷǻơ
̫ˡ
ǰˣĳϣ
ʢǵߵ֮һߵ֮ףеĳϣˣ
ʲô
һ֮Ѷѡ
һ˲䣬ģ纮
ڴȻ޴档
һطȥˣкã
ˡ
ƽ˶ӣ˵ͷֱӻ뿪ʼգûж˵һ仰
Ȼڵգһɲǣ·Ⱦ˱˪
治֪ôţΪǵ츳ʦΪ㣬״ӣЦǿЦ
ڳ߳ɲǣһſĴĶУóζס
֪ʱ˫ȭգָġ
һ뿪˿˵
Сӣô
˵⣬Сƹһ߳ĳԤС
ƣ߰ɣ뿪ǣȥҡǡ
￴Сƹ
ôˣ
Сƹһɻ󣬲֪ղŵ׷ʲô֪ﵽ׾ʲô
Щ˰Բ
֪ʱ˵⣬ֶһˣǳoϣ¶Цݣһ̹֮ˣҲǿЦ

Сƹһ˫ɫͫףŭĻ棬һ֮Х
䣡
嫿µ֮һ̬ӵӰڳoǰһֱ֣ӽСƹĵ֮ɢСƹ˳ȥ
˵һֻ
ڳoǰ֮ˣǱˣĿ˳ϡ
ĿĮɨСƹ
ƣ
ɫ䣬æǰȥСƹֻ˻Ժ˿ȡһö󻹵Сƹιȥ
ͬʱعͷĮɨĿ˳һۡ
ؼסСƹŷŭѹֵĲֱȥ
лϾ֮
o˳˵ֻСƹǵ󣬶ʱųһ亹ʶղǿ˳ϣѾɱˡ
ȻҲ֪˳ϳ־Լԭ
ı硰񡱣λ˳۰״ӡ
Ȼûͨˣ
˵⣬ԭŶڳǰӣü
ջʱȥڴ󻹵ǿҩ£Сƹת˹һੲݣǻƽȮۣǱȫʢʱڣһָǸϼһ
ô˵ҲӦûˡ
ﵭһЦ˵Ŀһƺһš
Сӣô£
ƿʡ
ｫڿ˵ڵһ˵ʱƵϣҲżֺ⣺û뵽û䵽̶ֳȣ֮£ôġ桯
Сӣûʲô˵ģǵ£֪ߵ֮У诵ֻ֮£ȻҪ㣬ȥ诵
СƹοǱһɳǸʲôƨ˳ϣЬ䣡
ƣҾˣȥҡ
Ŀƽ˵
СӣˣҪȥҡ
Сƹü·޳ɳ֪ǰҡǵһ󣬵λı䣬ֱǽ
ȰңȥҡҡͷĿᶨ
ˡ
Сƹͷڳ߾ˣԸһ˵һġ
϶˵£κ˶Ըı䡣
ƣҡȻҲǵµߵ֮һΪξǰ㲻ѵҡ֮صȲʡ
ǵߵ޼ҡΪǴ⡣֪ǰΪҡߵƣֻҪ츳һߣһ㲻ѡҡѡҡͬʢϱߵ˵ѡ֮ˣŻѡҡ
Сƹ˵


346 ҡ
ȻҪԭ򣬻ΪҡͬʢϱߡĵӣϣһϣҡԺӿ⣬ֻܱɱ
Сƹһ˫ɫͫһö֮͸ûм츳ߵ߻ѡҡϾûԸðաѭ֮£ҡ벻û䶼ѡ
ͷ¶һƵЦ
Сӣ㡭
Сƹµʲô̲סЦˣСӣǡôû뵽ʵ츳ǼǼҡû̫ҡһʵıȻûֻ࣬Ҫҡչֳ츳ҡᾡȫ㡣
ߣȥҡ
˵ţСƹ˷ܵ۴С
һ̣ȳﻹ
ҡȻҲʢϱߣɾǻв̵ľ룬ûɣʣСƹڵ壬Խг;档
Сӣ˱˭
Сƹһۡ
һһջ˷ֱ뿪ǡ
߳ǣ̤ն𣬳̲סתָһǡ
ʢľŴ֮һȻ˰£߹ĵطȴҲ࣬´֪ʲôʱ
ģԺ㻹лģ´Ǹƨ˳Ϻúüʶʶ֮֮ˣǱǺεȿ£ҵЩڴǸʱʲô顣
Сƹ͸˳˼뵽˴ޱȡ
һġ
ﵭɨһۣתСƹһ뿪
Сƹָ·һº󣬳͵ҡƿصġҡǡҡǣҲʢŴ֮һ
ҡǣ
ŽµĳУһͣҡǣֱһģһģǳڵĹ滮ңңȥûаֲͬ
ʢŴǣǣǰǳǷġ
Сƹ֪Ϊξȣ͵
Ȼԭˡ
ףҡУҲơա
￴ҡϿӶİ͸⻪Щȡ
Сƹ̧ͷȻʢŴǣǵơաҲ벼õġ
ﾪȣô˵ǰʢ֮УӦͦˣ
Ȼ
Сƹ
꣬Զս±¶Ӧʢǿߵ׷ɱУǵǵߵ֮ˣ
￴Сƹʡ
СƹǰߵĹȥ
￪ڣ·СƹĻ䣬Сƹ壬ʼŵûУǵǵµߵԶսǵƬ
ţ뵽ʲôСƹϣȻɱ⣬ֱ
ףСƹ϶˵ɱˣİɣƣȻϣ޵ǱԼǿ꣬Իָȫʢʱڣǿʱĳ˻ΪΪڡ
У̺Źػ
һ·֪СƹѾû˸տʼʱļɵ
СӣԺæ𣿡
Сƹʡ
Ȼͷû˿ɡ
ԷʢĳһСƹʡ
ʢһ
һ̲ͫסһСƹеڴǵ˵ͷԷʢһҲ㣡㣬ҳѡ
á
СƹЦˣЦúУǼһȥͻɻˡˣǵճ죬Ӧô
ףСƹǽĳޣɱǼ˵ĺϡ
ԴˣﵹҲʲô
Ǭ½ɱ¾ޣǣ塢ˡ󱲣ʲôϡ¡
һΪʵϣǿʳ磡
ﾺ档
ҡǣСƹϽ˰öƷԪʯ﷢֣ҡֻǵߵĩҡΪʢŴ֮һһޱȡ
ƣҡǵҡд֪ʲôطʡ
֪ˡǰҲǴþһ㣬ҡǣֻΡСƹ˵
ͷ˸ˣ·ŴСƹߵĴ
ҡеҡдڳǱߡ
ܿ죬վҡдǰҡǵдûʣݻޱȣǵд
⡭
߽ҡд﷢֣յģɢĸ̨һ˶ûУֻһ϶ĺ
еһ̨ϣſһŮӣҡӵķΣ˯
ġ
￴óƽʱӦú

Сƹڳߣһҡдҡͷԣֹ
ų̀ҡŮӣڴӳ˯ѣʵ˫ۣ˸Ƿ𣿡
һ鿼ơ
һŮӣ΢Ц
ƣһöƷԪʯŮڻع˵
һöƷԪʯ
סˡ
ӿƣʮöƷԪʯ
ҡӿƣһöƷԪʯ
֮Ĳ죬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ţ
Ůӿ˳һۣ΢΢ü򣿡
򡣡
æͷȡһöƷԪʯõҡӵĿơ
ܿ죬Ůӿй½ܵҡҡĿ˵λڳǱÿʱ䣬һοˣ֮ͨˣԵҡĿˡ
һΣ
ﱻһһʲôʱ򣿡
Ů˵һξ֮󡣡
ͷȷʵղҪϼء
𣿡
Ůִ˸Ƿʡ
ûˡҡͷ
ﻰ䣬Ůſ˹̨ϣƬ̣
ֻʣ³Сƹ
ҡǳǱ˸ջס£֮󣬳СƹҡҡĿ˵ҡĿ˵ͬΪе˵С
ֻǣ߽˵ȴֿ˵ڣֻһ˳ͷ
ңлв뿼֮˵ѡ
ⷴҲ̫ˡ
̲סҡͷЩɣԼѡǶǴ
ֵܣҲμҡӿ˵𣿡
һڳߴתͷһŷ֣ߣ֪ʱһߴӡ
н׸ߣ׳˶ͨЦݣһֺĸо
šһЦ˵ͷ
Ļ̾˿
סˣӣʲô
ҸղĴˣˣҲֻ㳤ñ˧ұ㵽ҡȥҸƯŮĸ׵ĶϱڿڣûϷˡ
һգ˵
ﳹ״סˡ

űߵСƹ̲סЦЦˣͷҲ̫˰ɡ
ơ
üСƹһš
û£ҶϰˣϾҲҪÿ˵ͬοһֻ
ۿǸһЦһνӡ


347 Դ󡰿ɳ
ӵĻóﳹ
ģûôġ
ڳ￴ӣĸߴ׳˶òҲֻһ㡣
ʱţĿ˵߽ʮˡ
һʱ䣬˵ڣҲչҡ
Ȼлһַǿ֮ˣ뿼˵ģҲֻаˡ
ˣֵܣҽСɳôƺ
׳˶ӣִһ֮̽ˣƺڹ۲컹û˳ñ˧һ㣬۲һЦ
ɳ
һֵЩ֣Կɳ˵ͷҽС
ʱ˵ڣ߳ˡ
һˣһλˣԼˣԾҡĿ˳ϣԼæ˵ҡӡ
ۿ˵еųҡѷɫһ
ɽӣһ˫ǵӣǣ򿼺˵ڵĶˣ˵λҡ˳ϡϿʼ˳п֮ˣ˻뵽˵Ⱥ򡣡
ƽȴһֲΥϡ
һʱ䣬˵ڵˣС롣
СƹкһҲ˳ȥ
һ˵ڵĿ֮ˣֻʣһٶˣó̲סꡣ
ҡ˵һοˣֻһٶ˲롣
˵¾һοˣ˲롣
֮Ĳ࣬治һС
ڳΪλҡĿ˳ϡĿ˳һڳһٶ֮ųһʱֿˣڣվԭزҪҴǰ濪ʼ㣬ҵ㵽ˣǰչʾΪ
Щȣû뵽λҡĿ˳ϣ׼ڴ֮ͥ½йĿˡ
ɳһ㶼ģ
﷢֣ɳĿ⣬ڿ˳϶һϣӣüĿӢɳ΢еĿ⣬ͲµЩʲôɰЦ
ûʲôõĵģҿ϶ܽҡҡҪңǵʧ
ɳӦΪ˵
һ飬һˣֵزԶǳܼ
һ˵ͳ˧ˣҪҡΪĸƯŮϱԸ²̫ʵˡҲģȻǱ˧ںǿ϶Ȳңţҡʦʦǿ϶ֻġ
ܿ죬ɳһ˵졢ĻΧĿ֮˵Ŀ⡣
һ˲䣬Щ˿ɳĿУ¶㵺Ͳ졣
ȻҲɳⷬޱȵĻסˡ
վڿɳߣܵôĿɨҪΪɳеˣɿɳϣЯŵЦݣûһ㳣˸еľ
ʱ˳˧Ҳһַա
ɳ̾˿óǣ̲סװš
ڣʼˡ
ʱҡ˳϶ˣÿɳΧһ֮˵Ŀ⣬׷˻ȥ˶
ʱָվǰһӣ㣬չʾΪ
ԣ粽

һ˲䣬ӵϣŰ֮
ţͣҲͶʮң侳أǿԣͨˡ
̧֣Ŀƣݸһöµƣƣͨ˵ƾ֤ʮ֮󣬾֮ǰ⿼˵ϣǰҡ
ллϡ
ͿҲͱȳЩӣлϣϲõЦݡ
ʮң侳ءˣ
﷢֣ҡż治һͣѵһֱҡֱ׼յӵģ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ӣȻͨڵĿˣɵҡĿˣǲܳΪҡӣҲ˵
ܿ죬ֵһˡ
Ӧʮ˰ɣ
ǰӣʡ
ʮһꡣһ
ʮһ꣬侳أ츳Բչһ츳ͨ
˵
ݣ
˲䣬ͷͨ۳Σӣһλͨӵߡ
ӵнͨ츳ЩȴҲǿϸˡͨˡ
ֵݸһöͨ˵ƣú߸м㣬ֲ̿ѡ
һĻ̲סֿЦ
˳϶һǰһͿʮˣʮУжʮͨ˿ˣ츳
ڳ￴⼸ˣǵȥӿˣһͨ
Щ֣⼸ˣΪβҪҡ
վλã󿼺˵ˣˡ
ɳΧͳվȺ档
ҡ˳϶˵˳Ҫ󣬲ܵ㵽ǡ
ģԶϵĿٶȣƽʮܿһˣٶȣֵܿǡ
ﵹһν
⵹Ҳǡɳͷ

ڿ˳϶ǰվŵˣϵ֮ڶ
侳ߣ
ˣԿ˿ʼĿǰΪֵֹĵһ侳ߣڳ뿼֮ˣ̲ס
ߣͣʮˣ侳һضѣʲôԺġ
ɳһ侳Ϊˣߵ
侳һأͨˡ
ӵͷ
ˣڼ
ҲͶʮң侳أ츳ͨˡ
ʮꣿ侳أͨˡ
ʮ꣬侳أ츳ԲͨȥŬŬ´ɡ

ԣҡ˳϶п˵ٶȺܿ죬ʱȥ˵ڣֻʣͿɳˡ
ˣ΢΢һЦ磺ˣ˭
ɳȥɡ
Կɳ
ɳͷһЦУȥͨˣҾһԵ㣬һ뿪
źܴš
ۿɳЦ
ȻҲҿɳ˭ûͨˣҡʧ
ڶǰɳҲ޼ɵһſ
óﶼ̲סΪ˰亹
վǰģҡĿ˳ϣλߣһ仰ܾɳȥ
ߣôĿ
ϵЦݣʣֻǣһҡӣȴȥˣһ
󲻴Ͼ֪
ɳɨҡһۣĿһ˧ҡϣߺһ
ֻǣȻû
Ǻ£ǲ֪츳Ƿš
ɳ΢ЦҪȻģԼ
ϣͲ㵣ˣҿɳⱲӾûԼԼ£ɿˣˡ
ɳһЦſޱȡ
ͬʱڶǰվϵϢ۶һɹɺ嫵Х
֮


348 
ɳϣ֮Хʵչ˳侳
ɳǵ侳ߣ
ҲһͣɳҲͱһ꣬ôҲû뵽ԴļһȻһ侳ߡ
ң񻹲ǵ侳һô򵥡
侳أ
ҡĿ˳϶һ˫ǵӣ˲˸貵Ĺ⻪ĺһ̣·𶼼㡭󣿡
ǰչʮա
ɳ˵Ϲ⣺ϣͨ˰ɣ
ţͨˡ
ͷʲôЦʮĵ侳ߣҡҲδյһȻṰֽƳȥ
һ츳ߣѡȥˡ
Ļᵽҡ
ɳϵĵЦݸҸղ˵Ķ԰ɣͨˣҡʧ
˵꣬ɳվһԣԶĳھ͵ֵˡģϲͨˣҸһˣǵȥ
ɳĻڳļ˶סˡ
ˡ
ҡ˳϶ҡҲˡ
һ̫˰ɣ
浱ҡûͲˣ
һ飬ҲûӻɣչʾΪ
ͷ˹ȥԶɳĿУ¶º͵Ц⡣
ɳԴЩղŵǷóȷʵǷԷθ˿ɣҡ˳ûͨˣɳһˡ
ɳûǸˡ
ԿɳһЦʱҲ˿˳϶ǰϣ֮˲Хöɫˡ
һ侳ߣ
ң侳ߣȿɳҪᡣ
꼸ꣿʳ
ʱ˿̣ظӦԼôҲû뵽ջô츳ߣҡĿˡ
ҡѾû˳ɫѪҺעˡ
չʮա˵
ãͨˡ
˳Ŀƣȡһƣݸ
û뵽㾹ȻҲǵ侳ߡţ츳ҲͲһ㡣
ɳiߵǰĳļЦ
ҡҡͷѾϰ˿ɳԴ
ߣǳȥ
Сƹڣȴ
ɳҲ˳˲˳ȥ
һʱ䣬˵ڣֻʣҡˣ˳϶ˬʵЦݣұΪεĿˣǰһ㣬ûʲôʵû뵽š
ϣˣ츳˸ߣΪβѡѡҡأ
֮ǰ̹ɳҡӣɻʡ
Щ˵˵Ҳˣҡȥõ֪˵⻰Ĳ㡣
ҡӵ
ҡԣǵĽɣųһ亹
ǲȥԭ򣬶ңҡͬΪߵ֮һҿûʲô𡣡
һɳʵҡӣ˵
ҡӣӢ̸ʲ
˵ǣҡҪ˵Ҳ١
Ҳ
Сƹ뿪˿˵󣬾׼ȥҸطԷ
ɳҲǵߡ
ɳûһɻʵ
ҸҶʱʧˣĸһִģֻĸһˣ岻ãûһɳ΢Ц
ԭˡ
ͷóɳ׵ʧ٣ԣ·ûκӰ졣
ɳԴͬʱҲֳֹۣ֪Ⱦ˳
ˣԺҡɳˣҲ̫ϲҡ
ɳԳ˵
Ҹýʲôɻ
ҡԴ񡯰ɣ˶ҡɳЦ
һͣƺɳͦеġ
УԺͽԴ񡣡ͷ
û뵽㻹е֪֮
СƹڳĽűߣԣ䣬żְ
ɳЦȻҲҿɳ˭֪֮ⶫȱˡ
СƹɳĻԶԡ
ǰи¥ǹȥԶٷɡ
￪ڣƳŵգſɳСƹֱӽǰľ¥
¥Ϊ¥ޱȣĴãˣСųһǰǻҲλ
ˣԵʲô
ɳСƹºСҲóһΪס
˼Ʋˣ￪ʼΧ
ΧľƿͣԵȻ죬ȻЩƿͳԷͬʱٲ۷׷ףȫȻûСʳԡ޲ľ
˵ǰҡӻ͵̶ӣֱӸˣΪ׵ҡڵӡֱӱɱʣµҡӣһ˻
Ҳ˵ˣ⻪ҡڵУҲŵϺŵĽܳӣû뵽ôˣ
ǵߵˮټҡͬʢϣٲˡڵӣҲûҡڵɱֻǣĸҡӶѡ
ҡߵбƣټϺǿôȥûָԪ
˵Ȼҡƣҡβ̸ʮ꣬ȻָԪʵȥαٺһ档
˵ɣҡҲһˣҡǿҲǳԼؽΪʢеЦͬΪǵߵ֮һҡ

һƿ͵ۣĶУóЩȡ
ҡ˲ҡ
ڵӣӦеľӢˡ
ѵ֪Щ
ľȣɳɻʵ
Ҳʢ֮ˣʢϱ߻Įϵġ򡯡Ҳûֱ˵
Ǿѹˡ
ɳͷ漴뵽ʲôʵˣ츳˵ҲǴ´࣬պǳΪڵӣҲڻ¡㣬Ϊλѡҡ
ԭ׼Ҳȥǣֻϧ˼Ҫҡ
ԳһЦ
£ɳȣʶбȻʲô£ҪȻԳ츳κ⡣
ͷҲûٶ˵ת˻⣺˵ңأΪβȥҡ
ɳٺһЦҲǸ˵ҼҡֻҪΪĸһϱҡŮӣɱˣңҡееӣҲûôɫģʸҲû
˵ɳԴ
ܿ죬뵽ʲôһؿų˵ãҿϵŮӣ㲻ܸŮ˵ɱ̫ǿˡң츳Ҳֻһ㣬Ůͬкܴջ
ҡͷһЦԴɷģҡʲôˣҶ˸㣬Ѿˡ


349 ҡפ
ĻɳĿһһҾһˡˣôûһʢ
ԣ뵽ʲô̾Ϣһ£ˡ
ɳҲû⣬ڵɳ˷֮С
Դ񡣡
￴ɳ
ţ
ɳɻ󣺡ʲô£
Ҹղ˵ӺҡӣѵǾͲĶԷгϲ𣿡
ʵ㣬ú֡
Щƿԣҡǿõеӳȥ໥
ֻǣһгϳ֣Խȫת
ɳ͵֪ӻҡӣһ̶ӳȥегϰӡӣӺҡ֮䣬໥ɱһǿ߲ò֣ǵµĹءһĳһһǿ֣̬߳ͽһϱǵʱǵǲʹ߽٣ֵһǿߡ
ԭˡ
Ȼԭǵȼ֮Ĺء
ҲǣǵߵΪɫǿߣ֮໥ɱûʲôһһǿ߲֣Ǿǵɱ¾ǵȻ
ϾһҲΥǵĳԣǵȻԸ⿴֡
ͦȤġ
ǣһĨĻȡ
㷹󣬳ɳСƹ뿪˾¥ɳסĸջ
˳СƹסĿջ󣬿ɳ˵һȥԭסĿջ˷Ҳܵסջˡ
ʮʱ䣬ɳΪ˳ھӡ
ʮպ󣬳ͿɳСƹٴ˿˵
һͨ˵ʮˣҲˡ
ϳͿɳһʮˡ
ʱ֣ҡϡ׼ʱˣֻһҡӣ֮ǰɳʵǸҡӣҡӣջһװһȣԵ÷棬Ȳ
ߣ
ɳҡӣüͷøˡ
վһԣҡͷЦ
ɳȻԴ󣬵Բλ֮ˣر֮Ҳóҡӣһ㡣
ţ
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬˳ߵСƹϣüͷ΢壺ǣ
ϣҵĻ飬ơ
æص
šͷҡ
ǡæͷ
˶ˣɡ
ʮˣ˿˵⡣
ҡϿգơաǿߣһ޷Уֻͨһ㣬ųһˣ뿪˵뿪ҡǡ
һ·ϣҲ·˵ע
뿪ҡǺ̤ն𣬳ɡƾԾĸо
ҡλҡǶǧ֮⡣
һ˵ٶȣܿ죬ҡͳǵǰ
ҡЩȣû뵽ҡפأͻɹפһ㣬ڿУһе졣
ҡפأɹһ㣬ڿеϣҡפصռɹפأȴǿࡣ
ɹפصʮô
һȥ硣
ҡ϶󣬳һˣܿͿҡפأ󣬳һȥеҡפأһȥ·𿴲߼ʡ
ΨղһԶһЩܿҡפصȫò
ϡ
һҡѲߵӣһΪ׵Ķ
ͷкһһߣ
һˣƺƵӿҡפء
һһޱȵӴ󹬵˵ǰʱͣعһˣ˵ǽӿ˵Ŀ˵ֻҪڵſڳʾʮǰҸǵƣԽȥ׼󣬾ӿ˵ʱ䣬ǿꡣ
ꣿ
üԵĿɳҲˡ
ˣȻû뵽ҪȰܽҡӿˡ
˵ӿˣÿһΣǵǲˣЩˣѾڿ˵ڴһ꣬ǻҪٴϰ꣬ܲӿˡ
Ļ˶˿㲻̫ù
ڣ侳ߣȥɡģΪ·
֮䣬ߵҡӡ
ǣʦ𡣡
ҡӣæͷ̤ն䡣
Ƕϵĵӣ
ˣһʱǲɾȡ
ܿ죬ڳĴ󲿷ˣ̧ͷͿɳʱиֳ֮ɫ
ˣǵ侳ߣ
ˣǿҲͶʮңӵ츳֮ˣΪλѡҡ˵õѡŶԡ
ۿΪġҡӣʮ̤ն䣬һʱ䣬ֻʣ°ԼɳһڵˣСƹﲻɿ򶫷Ŀ¶档
ˣָúȥδӣ
ԼĪʮӣͿɳʱϵ𾪣þƽ
Сʮˣǵ侳ߣܴоԼ׻ʮꡣ
ϣǡ
ӻع򶫷
δ̤侳ֻܲͼӿˣ˶ǵ侳ɲ߼ӿˣʡ˵ͼӿ衣
ˣֱ˵Ȼûͨ߼ӣֱΪͼӡ
ڸ߼ӿб̭ٲͼӿˣܳΪͼӣʡ
ãǵ侳Ȩҡͷ
ڶĴ£ˣСƹһ·ӶС
ܿ죬һȵͼӿ˵ҪĹڳ˵ǰʱܵǸ߼ӿ˵߼ӿˣÿһΣҡͼӣֻҪΪ̤侳ǰһ걨뿼˵
ÿһΣ
ﵹһϣһθ߼ӿˣʲôʱ򣿡
˵һº󡣡
һ£
ɳǸʮӣĿһȻû뵽ôá
ߣ
£˸ȥ
ĸ߼ӿ˵ǰҡӣһ㣬վɽۿͷæ񣺡ϡ
˵ͷֿˣǳʾƺ󣬾ͿԽȥ
˵ͷԳʾơ
⼸ҡӣȵؿͿɳû뵽ôᣬʸ߼ӿ˵֮ˣżǵ侳һء
Ҳ˵ʮҵˣѾǵ侳ߡ
ûˣǽȥɡ
˵ƺһҡ˵
˿粽룬ܿ죬СƹʹˣҸǸСһġ
عŷ֣Сƹ档
ǲ߼ӿ֮ˣڡ
ҡĿĮСƹú̲סŭ


350 
ϡ
һĻﲻɿ򶫷
Ȼ׳˼ֻǣҲﲻˣҡͷ˵ǿ˵ĹأҡԹĹأΪ
ƽѵ⿼˵˲ɣ
ɳҲ򶫷ϣǲƽȥĻҺͳͷʸ뿪ҡ
䣬в֮⡣
ߣСӣż츳˸˵ΪҡȱͲвɣ
һҡӣĮؿɳ
˽ɳֱ֪ڿ죬Ҳû⣬ֱӵɳҲû취ͳҪ뿪ҡҲı䲻ҡĹءǲ뿼˵ʱ䣬ֻǣ׼һëһºǿ꣬Σ
ҡӣû뵽˺ˣЩȡ
ڿɳüʱ￪ˣԴ񣬱ΪѶϣȻҡĹأǾҪءƣһ£ʹڶһºȥ㡣
˵ţֿСƹ
СƹȻﲻ⣬ȴҲֻܵͷ
ס𴳻˯Ͷ˯һºܿ͹ȥ
Сƹһۣ
ˣƵġСƹһͷڳһЦͬʱi͵˶ߡ
ȥһˣǽ¿˵
򼸸ҡӣֿˣһ¡ˡ
ڳ˵Ŀ£Сƹֱ뿪
ɡ
һҡӣվ˳кˣ߽˿˵
ʦôƺ
ͳɳͬеǸӣǰ·ҡӡ
ҡӵҽСơ
ʦ֡ӵͷ
ˣΪм츳޷졭ҡ䲻ɵȴҲв츳൱ʤ֮ˡ
ƿͿɳˣڿɳ֮ǰвΪͻ
ߣҡ꣬Щܣ϶û˵ʲô߶ʲô
ɳͺһڻƵĻÿɷ

ת˲֮䣬ϣޱȵĵ֮ڶɫһɳ
ʦ֣ԴƢԭ¡
ﵲ˿ɳǰ棬΢ЦƣоóƣҲǵ侳塢صĴڣĳͻɳǶ֡
ңƱϾҡӣͻӰ쵽ͿɳĿˣ͵òʧˡ
Դ˵䲻ڣʲô¶ûͨˣΪ߼Ҫ
ͬʱִɳԿɳԸҲΪͷۡ
ξˡ
ԳĵǸӦɫҲ˼֡
˸ڻƵ󣬼ǰߣܿ죬ǰԶ۾һʯ̨Щʯ̨ϣԼԿһЩڶ֡
ǶעˣǱ߾Ƕ䳡һ̨֮ǰǿѡȥд衢ʵ㵽Ϊֹɱˡ
ƿǰʯ̨ܵ
Ｘ˶ͷ
ǰһۿ䳡ǰƴͷתζסָǰ棺Ǳ߾ǿǰסᣬʱ䣬Ƕס档һΣ߼ӿ˵˱Ƚ϶࣬ûʲôշʣ࣬ԣҪ˹ᡣ
᣿
üͷһ塣
е㲻ͿɳһᣬҲˡ
ͿɳֻദʮգȴѾɳԼѣ֪һԴʵˬֱˡ
Ǻһİ˹һᣬȴǲԸ˭֪÷ʲôˣ᲻ʱ
ǵģҲû취飬Ǿ΢һ£ֵ˿ʼɡ
Ƶͷ漴ֵ˾ԼȥˣҾͻȥˡ
ţлʦ֡
ӣƵл
뿪󣬳ǰȥһ䷿ųķᣬǺס˽ȥˡ
Ϳɳǰߡ
ףԴ񣿡
ͻȻǰһ߳ӣǷ´½һ㣬ߵĿɳ
Ǵ硣
ɳӣ¶Цݡ
һĻסˣû뵽ɳҡˡ
Դʲôʱҡģǰôû㣿Ӻ濴ɳΪɳͼҡ
Ǵ磬ҲǽոɳЦ
㡭侳ˡ
ɨֿɳΪһ㵣ǴС̬һΪڶˡ
ɳٺһЦŷֳﱻһߣǴ磬Ҹһ¡Ǻһҡѣг
ǸһӳǴ磬ǻ
ɳӡ
ԴѣǻѣԺҡҪ໥Ӧ
ǻӾȣ˵츳ڿɳ
Ҫ֪ɳǴ֮š
ʦ֡
Ҳǻһк
Ǵ磬ҺͳҪţܰǣ
ɳǻʡ
ǻЦǵɣᣬһˣԺһס
ɳĿһǿˣҵˣҪһ䡣
ߣҴȥʡ
ǻĴ£Ϳɳں档
˰ʱʱ䣬ǻһ˺ֻܶһ˾סᣬֻǣÿһԼĿģܾˡ
ǻ֪ѣѣô֪ʱ᲻᲻֣
ǻ£Ī
ǻǸˣﲻ㡣

һδξܾǻɫޱȣߣƽʱ˵Цѣ˹ؼʱ̣һɿֻϧҹϵõļˣڡ
ҡǻȦҲֻм˹ϵȽϺá
ˣҲǰ˺ѣ浽˹غʱһ˴⬣Լסͬʱһ
ʦ֣ԴȥɣһȥҾˡ
ۿǻ׼ȥᣬ΢Ц֪ǻˣԸ鷳

ǻüҪҺԴһ䣿
ҡͷЦʦ֣һңʵڲУҾͻȥǣǼ
ᣬ㲻ϴ˺ʣ˾Եխˡ
ȥɳ˵
ãʦֺܾûˣú졣
ܾ˿ɳǰȥ
˵ǳģһŵķᣬǽһޱȵԺ֮ڣıԵһ浭ɫΧǽΧסԺ
ʱ·һЩ֮ǰԿڿԺ棬вҡΧһ̸Щˣ̸Щˣ̸ŮˣЩˣ̸ɡ
һ·߹Ҳû˵ע⡣
ʯٸ˵һΣɧңҸûκιϵʲôԼҸ׺㸸׵£ҸҪޣ޸ˣ
ͻȻһöЯŷŭ˳ĶС


351 ᣡ
仰̲סһ
˵ڼʶǸŮ꣬ŮҲΪһֽԼա
ǸԼֻҸ׺ʦԼûϣİɣңٻԼϲˣգҸ㣬ǳŮˣҶ˵ңҸףҲŹ㡣
գʯڵɽڣٻ԰˵Ƿɼǵ
ȻҲ֪ʱٻǹô˵ģԴĵ׸м
ŲԶߵһӶŵŮӣüͷ֪ʱѾ
Ůӳòٻ毺õ˫ռ䣬ż崿ʣһ㣬ǺοɶЩƣһۿȥӾܣ˸о
ãԹ¾Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣȻǶ˻ԼҸʯδޣô˵ûйϵأ
ӵϣʼմЦݣ·һ㶼ûΪŮӵĲͷе
ţȡһöָݸŮӣ΢Цã֪׼̫ϴλؼʱҸתһЩԪʯ
Ůûнӣüʯ˵һΣҺûϵ͸ҲûϵҵĶҲá
˵Ůһϵ֮Х𣺡ʯٲ뿪Ҷ㲻
ҾΪ㱣ܣҪ˵һǡ
ʯŮһЦתȥ
ʯ̫ˣѵûظǲԸ
Ը̫ˣ˵̫ˣЩǸһְֱ׼ң׼ûˣĻʡ
ǰҲǣҿٲϲʯڸҶ׼жķϣҲԸʯ
Ҳ룬ôʣŰ׼ҴСĹ⻷˭Ĺ͡

ΧһЩҡӵۣڶУһȻ
һһŮ֮ľΪءŮռϷ磬ʯһˡ
óпǸ£ǿ
ڳ￴ʯʵ̫ۡ
أķʽֱ̫ӣطﵹҲʲôϾҲǰ׼ҵƷûҪΪ˰׼ңίԼ
ҡҡͷǰߡ
ǰһĻԣһ־硣
λʦ֣ᣬһʹã
ܿ죬һſͣ£᳨һԼĪʮҵӣ˳
£
ӵͷϸ˳һᣬ¶ȣҲΪͣһ侳Ϊеȡ
Ȼûп⽫ȥ̽
֮ˣһǵ侳Σ׼߼ӿ˵Ĵڡ
֪ڿǰһ£ҿܸ᣿
΢Цʡ
ӣƽ仰üͷ𣺡ʦܣ²Уûк˹һϰߡ
ӵĴ𸴣Ҳ⣬ǰȥ
һ·ʹȥʮˣﶼܾˡ
˭Ըһİ˹أ
ͻȻ߹һᣬŸպñ򿪣һϴẉ̂ɫӣ˳ܿ죬ͷֳĿʱ˫һɣͺȵСӣ͵ʲô
һۣͿûеڶˣ׼ѯʱԷĵͺȣĶУЩ¡
һ·̱ܾ飬Щꡣ
񱻵һȣ˫У̲סŭĻ棬·ʱӿ
ʲôɣϽӹ
ɨ˳һۣм˵ֹ꣬ķţ׼뿪

ʱīħų˫֣˲ץ
ħХֱӽץסһ˦ݺݵؽ˦˳ȥ䡱һֱأ˲ˡ
һʱ䣬ǰĵҡӣ׷Χ˹ָָ㣺ǲǸøɳ˿ˣǰƺû
û뵽ɾȻһôСϳ˿Ƕ

Ȼǿеġɡǵꡣ
һɨɣĿĮᣬҪˣ
ѹ֣й˳
꣬պʱǳҲֻ˵ù
ʱΧһЩҡӲŷӦֽɺȥˣɲ֮ǰòҪǹ֮ˣ
û뵽˵ʵôǿ
Сӣ
ڶĸɣɫǵɺ죬˫һ棬˵

ڸͷѶıɫߣѪſīͷЯżΪµĶԣһɫƬ˸Ĺ
Сӣ
ɱһڣֱӳ
츳ͨɫߣӰΣ鶯ޱȡ
ߣ
û뵽ɻҶԼ֣ͺһ̤ǰһֳƣƳɵħ˸
ûж츳ͨŵضգƵ£µĵħֱӶ˲ͽͷıɫͨ顣
ͨɵĸɣǰһ٣ɫǺ죬ӲӿѪ˻ȥ
䣡
ٴ̧֣ħεӡ£ڸϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ɵ壬ٴκݺݵأʱվĿУŶ˼ּɵû뵽ʵô¡
ղţֻΪԷ͵ϮԼܵ֡
ڿһж̫ˡ
ˣҶ֣ǶԼʵżš
ᣬҪˡ
ظһ飬ֻڸ߸ɣҲڸΧ۵ҡӣĹȨ
ԭڸɵᣬġ
˵꣬عͷᡣ
մ֮ʱ֣ԱߵҲˣһӰ˳ˣһ
ⲻ֮ǰǸʯ
Ըʯһͷᣬֱӹš
⣬һƬš
ǡ
ʯҲǸ洫һ֮ţͿһˣ߽Աߵᡣ
Աߵһ˭סģ
ֻǣסԱĸɣ̱ڲԶɫס
һ̣·ʲô
ǿʵͨûã׾ٻ˸ɡ
ͣ»ʮ꣬ҡʲôʱôһܳĵӣ
ֱ

֮⣬һҡӣ̾š
Ǽǵ侳һߣΨǵ侳ߣɾ⼸侳ߣҲ˵ͨԻܸɡ
ͨͻ˸ɣ
ʯԭأ¶˼Ĺ⻪̲סԱ߽յһۡ
棬һλ츳ǿߡ
ҺûҶ֡
ʱЩܾ˳ﹲҡӣЩ¡


352 ֮
У󲿷ʱ䣬ڽС̡һԼĵ֮⾳
þͨɻɴ󶯾ϾЩ֮䣬ֻǸһ±ǽ
պ뿪ᣬȥҿɳǻȥˡ
һ·ϣԿΧĿ⣬ЩĿ⣬ЯżɵףǰԼԸɳ֣֪䣬Ҳ嵽Щҡӡ
Ҳ⣬һһЩ鷳룬˲
ɳǻʱֿɳˣԺ죬ʱʱЦ
ǰ΢ЦʣʲôЦôģ
ɳǻվɳԳһĴָҳϣţյ˵ͷŵһҡӣᡭҷ㡣
Դ㶼֪ˣ
ߵߣЩȡ
ǰվ֪ˣ˵඼ˣ֪һսҡӣޱȣֱ˸ɵᡣ
ǻҲͬʱ̾Ϣһ£Щ嶯ˡɣȻʵһ㣬ø确衯ȴһʵǿĸ߼ӣһǰͻƵ˵侳ء
侳أ
һЦҲ⣬ڵܶԸ侳ߡ
ҪԸ侳ߣȴ¡
ŵЦݣֵǻɻˣ֪ôţͻȻо˵ϣ͸¶ء
ʦ֣ʮĸ߼ӿˣ֪ҪЩʲô
ǻ
ǻ
ɻ
־žŰʮһ㣬µϣпܲǿԽߣܾԽ¡߼ӿˣΨгϿʮ֮ˣͨܳΪ߼ӡ
ǻ͵˵õҲ׶
Ȼ
ţִǻ֪ҡ
ҡһλλߵġˡ
֮£ֻΪΪϵϵһλҡĵλֻҡ֮£ϵУ֮£ǻ
֮£ҡһڳϡ
ʦ֣ԴȻȥһʱ䣬Ӧò뿪ᣬʱټˡ
ǻͿɳһͷֱȥ
ųԶȥıӰǻ̾˿Դʶѣ򵥰
ɳͷΪȻ˵׼˵ҡӣҲֻгǿˡ

ǻԴʲôʱһЩҡ̫Դ󣬿ɲʲô¡
ʱһˣ벻ˡ
кֵܣοҪСһЩǸɣʲô֮뿪˵󣬶ȥø֣Ǹ裬ǵ侳ߡ
ƺʶΪҪң
ɻؿˣʡ
ЦЦڲʶҽСʯֵôƺ
ˣǼǰĿǸŮӰǰԱӣʯ
Ȼղžʹǻе֪˸ɵĵϸӸʯԸʯĴм΢΢һЦ
ֵܣ˵Ǹռҡĵӣ
ʯʵ
ͷ
û뵽ֵôᣬǵ侳ߣʵôǿ츳ȥҲǴ´࣬Ϊλѡҡأ
ʯ˿Χȷû˵ʳ
ΪҪѡҡЦʡ
ʯЦЦǰҺδһȥǲμĿˣûͨҾҲ˽Ļᣬһҡ
δޣǸأ
ʡ
ֵܣ㲻Ǹҡôôʶδޣʯһɻ벻ͨ
ǰԪʯȥһĻÿˡ˵
ٺ١
ʯЦЩΣϾһĻԣȷʵЩ
͸ʯУᣬ·ϣ̲סڣʯ츳ҲʺŮӣαҪѡһϵ
Ļʯ̾˿ֵܣ֪ʱҸ׾͸Ҷ˺£ҵһۿʱҾϲˡÿһһһЦʱ޿̲ǣҵġ
ҲûҲ֪Һδػнֱ̫ˣ£ǰ׼ҲԶҡľġֻǣֻҪ첻Ͷµûţָо̫ˣ̫ˣ𣿡
ʯ˵粨
ôҲû뵽ʯ֮ĵҡӣҲף£Ϊ
һУֻܿʯԼ
֪ʱѾ֮⡣
ʯԳһЦֵܣлл˵ôࡣԺҸʯѣøԸ㣬ҲԹۡ
˵Եº͵ˣĿһƲײĺ⣬һš
ĺδ޷ݣαصһ֦
ʯ˵ﵹǲ⣬øҲδؾܶΡ
ƿɲǳصġ
ʯһ仰󣬾ʹţ˽ȥִš
ֻ¸ʯԭأĬ
ĺδ޷ݣαصһ֦
ãʯм˳ڵһۣ̾ϢһֻԼ˵ֵܣֺγҲ֪Ҷİı΢ĺϡֻǣҾǷŲϣҲԼ̫ɡ
Ϊҡϵ֮һ
ҡפϣһƬ򣬱ڻС
գһݻ֮Уӭһλ֮͡
ʦ𣡡
֮;߽ͨݻһ̻Ի͵ĴУһλ׷ͯգˣ֮Ƿ˹
˵ǰΪҡţ
ˣ֮䣬Ʈ첻дڴ˷
ǣʦ𡣡
֮æͷһϳ֮ͣǱˣһҡĿ˳ϣ
񣬶ҡλ׵Ŀ˳ϣԴλŵʱޱȡ
ƺΪʦ𡱡
츳Σʶ
ѵáæ˵
ǻбҪȡ
˵ͷڶԶ˵
ʦģȿ˽ӻΪʦ˵ͣȫԸ
æ˵ǫ
ܺãѵ뿪˻뿼˵󣬻ģΪʦοͷ
ʦнգǻ˲ڻȴԶڻ˵
ҡУϵϵ⣬һǶġ
Ϊ˵
˵ҡĵλһֱ⣬ʹ˵ϵĵλҲϵгϵĵλҪһЩ


353 
ʮʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ڸ߼ӿ˵ڣȴһĵͼӣڵ˿֮ա
һ磬еĵͼӣ߳ᣬտ֮ǷͨǶҪ뿪һһĿ˵
ȻҲˣûһꡣ
ɳǸӣһǰġ
˵ڣľ䳡ϣһˡ
գˡ
Ȼ⼸գеȴ˵ĵͼӣ׼ӭӼĿˣôؼʱ̣û˻ȥðա
ڶˣؽӰ쵽ˡ
ǿܵӦò˵ڰɣ
ɳǻһ𣬳̲סʵ
ļУһǰͬ߼ӿ˵ûзΧаʮһĸ
ǲڣֻǣͨġơȴǾ˵ڡ
ǻ͵
ƣ
Ȼˣǡҡʢǿǵµߵ֮һӵԶսõִơ
ˣƺƵ˵ȥ
ܿ죬һ޴ʯ֮ǰ
һʱ䣬ʯ֮ĿأվˣѹѹһƬһʶڳ֮ˣԲˡ
Уײ٣ĻһЩˡ
Ǳи˶
ͻȻɳ˫Ŀ·ܴȺȺ֮һٻӰ֮ϣףߺиСɧһԸӡУҪȥ
֮䣬ɳ粽ҪǱ߶ȥ
Դ񣬻
ǻҲһһŮüͷȻϳˣæסɳ
Ǵ磬ҪȥΪأΪҪֹң
ɳһ˫¶Ĺ⻪һ˻Ϊһеꡣ
Դ֪еǸСʲô𣿡ǻʡ
֪ɳҡͷ
ҡǸҼĶӣδƶˣͬʱҲǡһλ״ӡǻ˵֮䣬żּɵ
ҡǸң
ɳ˫һɣҡ֮һġҡ
ۿǻͷɳЩ£ҵĹԹԣСͷȻôˣҽʹдһƽˡ
ңǸŮˣδޡǻֵ
δޣôŲ񣿡ɳҿԶһ˫Ůһδޡ
һֱվԱߵĳҲЩȡ
û뵽ʯͷô
ͷˣɳеġ˶Ǹʯδޣء
ʯҲһĳˡ
һ̾
ɳۣ㲻ʶɣԣһҡҲǸյʢӦòʶŶԡ
͵ҵᣬĸڣҸҲʶ˵仰
ֻ˵仰ʯͽ¸ˣ
ǻЩȡ
ɺ϶ѡ
ҡͷһЦ֮ǰײ˸ʯͰضŵһĻʯҲôɴǰ¶
ʱԼһȰĻУҲһ顣
Ǵ磬˵ʲôأ
ɳüͷ𣬳ǻĶԻһ㶼
˹һЦţɳһԼ͸ʯ֮ĶԻԼʯͰرĹϵһֲ©ظ˿ɳԴڣ㻹ɶ𣿡
һɵӣ߰ŮˣαҪʲôŮûС
ɳҡͷЩ⸵ʯġִš
ʱڰأҲûкøС
ˣ̫壬ôҲ׼Ҳ٣ãİõİ׼ҴС㣬عͷȴӲš
ɳϾǬ½ˡ
˼ϣһǰˣкܴġ

ڳ֮ˣֵһ޷Ӱε˾޴ʯ֮ǰֳӰˡ
ϡ
һʱ䣬ӿȺˡ
ϡ
һˣͿɳĿһû뵽Ҳˡ
ʱ·ҲȺУ˳ͿɳһЦͬʱú÷ɣ˶Ƕԣû̫Ѷȡ
Ϳɳˣɳǵ侳ߣ֪߼ӿˣԵ侳߶ԣûʲôѶȡ
ڳһǰڿ˵ڷ£Ҳţ֪ﲻͨͻһȫԸĵ侳һߡ
Ǹʱʶʵȿɳ
ϣƿɺã
ʣһûƣҲ֪Ǽһûд
õúܣܳ˯
Ŀ⣬ͻȻùŹֻСƹԴӸȥ󣬳˳Ծ˯Ͳһֻһֻ
ǵУ󲿷ˣӦöʶˡֻǣǵУһǰλˣԣڿ֮ǰȽһԼҡ˵ϣ
λǶϣһǿ˵ϣλҲϵá
λǳγϣҲǿ˵ϡ
Զͳһͷתȥͬʱ֡
ֻƣӡھ޴ʯ֮ϣʱʯŲĿ֮£޴ʯţλ˵ƿ
ʯű˿ɲǣҫ۹⻪ֻʯ֮˸ɫĹ֣Ÿӵһơ
ơ
ףһƣӦþͨĴơ
ǴƣͨڣһСӣ봫ƣס͹ȥ뿪ԭأˡ
ʱ˵ϣֿˡ
ˣ
Щ⡣
ֱһ˴͹ȥҲ͹ȥ뿪ԭأźʱŻȻ
ͨ͵طˣһط
ǲʱ뿪ˣǰ˳һطײһԴƴ͹ĳһײϣɶ˺
󣬾ǹ̶͵һûԶսвõġơ
ﰵ
ʲôط
ʱɳóعʱ﷢֣ԼһյĵطеյһſŴԴҹҫؽһƬ
ҹ֮£ռ䣬硣
λڳǰһ
ϣ͸¶ɣޱȵϢ·˵ڵ֮Զ

в߼ӿ˵ҡӵ룬˵ϣҲ׷ͨƴ˹
ǰ棬ǿǵд󲿷˶˵ҾʹԸλ˵¡
Ͽڳҡһۣ˵Ϊʮһ㣬ÿһ㣬ĿܣÿһܵʵֲͬҪģǴӵһ㿪ʼϳ塭ƾǵʵɱһѪ·Ψеʮ֮ˣͨˣܳΪҡĸ߼ӡ


354 Ŀ
ˣһͬʵԵʮ֮ˣҪǿڿǾÿסϵһȥǽԼĵ֮ע뿼ƣҺλ˳ϻһʱ佫
˳ϡ˵ޱȡ
ʱվǰһ˵һθ߼ӿˣȥһ㣬ڿʵǲߣɼ֮ˣ˽󣬽õ˵ټ˻Դ½ɼڶ֮ˣҲܵõһԪʯ
ⷬ˵ڳˣûʲôӦȻ֪㡣
ټ½
ͿɳĿⶼһЩ
ѡҡҪԭ򣬻ҡΪ壬ɹǵȡ˵ӿʸ
յĿģǴԽϻӡǰ֮ء
ԣڴҡһ̿ʼ¶˾ģҪҡУչֳԼȫ츳Ϊҡһ貵ǡ
ΨܵõҡĹע
Ψܵõҡȫࡣ
Ψлǵþ˵ӿʸĻᡣ

Ŀ⣬һ磬ֱӿڡ
οȡõһҲζܵõҡټǰ;һ·ƽ
Ļᡣ
ҡո¶ͷǵĵط
ͶһĿ˳ϡ͡ΡЩȻ˵
ǸܸܲͨɵСһء
ͳζһۣӶԷУһ˼
ڳӣһˣһǰڲͬ츳ͨǰ£ͻ˸ɣ£Ҳ˵ˡ
ֻǣȴҲΪ⡣
Ͼһβ߼ӿ˵У侳صĴڡ
һЩʵǿĵ侳ߣͨһ׾ٵػܸɡ
ǿӦǿˡ
ڿ˵󿼺˳ϵָ£ٲҡ߼ӿ֮ˣ׷վ˿Χһʮ˸š
ÿţӦһͨĽݣŲĿܣ֮ˡ
ڿܣﲢİ
ǰΪߵġơƿصԶս棬ͼ١
ȻҲףڵġܡԶսеĿܣһġ
ɳǻͬȺվڿһյĴ֮ǰɳĿһǴ磬ڵĿܣʲôɵģ
ƺƬɡ
ǻ˵Ȼҡһʱ䣬Ҳֻ֪Щ
г̬ڣһҹˣøڶҲǴ磬֪ڶõԪʯ𣿡ɳʵ
ǻһ飺Դܲܽǰ˵˵úõڶһ㣬ڿǰҡͼӣм侳صĴڣԽ׶ԵУɱСǡ
ɳƲƲ죺ֲûɱ侳صļһεġڶ־ڱصã
һλϣһͬʮ˸ţһǽеƣֱӿܻῪʼ֡Ҫģһ·ϳ壬ʮ㣬ͨˣģټ߲㣬ȡǰǶԣĪô
ûģֲʮ˷ʱ䣬Խǵĵ֮ע뿼ƣǻὫ
ϼڣ˵ø߰
Ȼǰ֮ˣΨеһ֮ҡˣֻܵõһЩԪʯ
ȻһУֱֻӵĽ
ҡУһθ߼ĵӿˣֻҪǰ֮ˣܵõҡص࣬Ͼǰ֮ˣպΪڵӡ
ڵӣҡ
ܳȥڵ棬Ϊҡȡҫάҡϵ
ʢϣҡһֱѹţǱߵ֮ĩҡҡˣġ
ҪȻҡҲϣһУ޲ҡһֱŬάԼϡ
ҡΪ϶ս
ΪԼϡ
Ϊҡϡ
ԣһֱҡ֮ģʢ֮Уûκܳҡ
ֻϧˣ츳ǿߣѡ
׻˵úãľܡ
ڣɻû
ϺͰĿ⣬ɲǼڿУӶĿɨΧҡӣʵ
ۿû˻Ӧص˵ͷλϣΣǿʼɡ
Ŷͳ˳ϵͷϣͬʱǵ˫̧𣬺ƥ֮۳⣬ֱӿϵޱȵͼ
ףЩͼ
ؿ󿼺˳ϳ֣֮ͼУͼʱ˵İ׹⡣
׹ɳܿ죬Ƭ֮䣬ɫֱʣ
ʧ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

Ҳʱ򣬿ʮ˵ɾʯɵʯţһһ
˽
һȣҡӣӿǰĿ֮ţɳǻҲ˿
ҡӽ˿һ¡촫ȴǿʮ˵ţ¹ˡ
ͬһŵҡӣжʮˣһֱͨܵʯݳ壬ȿֺ󣬷·Լڱ˺档


Щҡ̤ʯݵ˲䣬ϢһֻֻƾճֵĿ֣ܳЩܣɲ֪ʹɣһֻֻܣ˸ŸɫĻ档
䡪
һֻ˸ųɫĿܣһ֣Ļ嫶䣬һҡӡ
ĿܣҲ׷׳֡
˸ɫĿܣʩչǷ˸ɫĿܣʩչˮ˸ɫĿܣʩչ׵˸źɫĿܣΪ֮ܡ֮ܣ
иָĿܡ
ЩܣǿҲͨ侳
һȺҡǰһ׾پͱȫݻ١
ֻǣЩܸձݻ٣ڣƾճһܣ·޾
Щˣϳ壡
һҡӱһͷ˵ڶ㣬еҡӣڳֻɱߵĿܺҲ׷ӿ˵ڶ㡣
һĿܣǶԣûκв
Ҳȥɡ
ǻкͿɳһ
ͷͿɳһ֮Ϯһֻֻܣȫɱ
ͨʯݣ˵ڶ㣬ͷֵһĿܣû׷ͣʯϲϵӶ𽥵ʧ
ڵĿܣֻʯǡ
ɳһĻ˵


355 ʮϵ
ֻʮµĿʮϵĿܣᱻʯƣ뿪ʯݣ׷ǡ
ʱǻ˵
ΪҡͼӣǻҡѾ˼꣬ҲһЩ߼ܵ
ͿɳŻȻ
ˣͬʮҡӣһ·߲ȥ
һ·ʮ㣬һЩΪЩҡӣѾоѹ
̤ʮʱҡӣڿܵĹ£ҡҡ׹ʮʱһˣǱܻ³Ѫ
鰲óϴȥɣ´λлᡣ
һҡӿһĻæȰü˵ǣԺǰ߹ϵǳ
ǰҧҧֱܺ˼ŵ˵ͷȡƣ֮С

ӰȻ֣һֱ̧֣ǣҡӣ뿪˿ȥ١
ǸҡӺҡӹϵΪβְ
ｫһֻһȭ飬ɻʵ
ʱǻͿɳһۣӶԷп˼ɵɳɫأҶ㲻ʢ֮ˡֻҪʢ֮ˣ֪ǵߵֻҪڵ¾еֿˣְˣǲ֣ʧȥʸ񣬱ֱ̭ӱƺɱ
ɫһ䣬£Ӧʱɵ˿ɳһۣԴһĹҲ˵㲻뺦Ұɣ
Դ̫ˣҪ֪ﲻʢ֮ˣʱҾͻ˵
ǻü˿ɳһۣ˵
ֻǶ˵ϣ¶û뵽ﾹȻʢеˡ
ɳһЦˣˣղһʱҲûӦ
ˣԴ񣬿һᱻ̭ʱҲܰˡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿
ɳ𼸷ֶԳǸ⣬Ȼ޴棬ȻһЦģҲֻᱻ̭һõڶĳɼ
ҾĿԴˡ
Ц
ߣʮ߲ʱ̭˼ˣһʱ䣬ڣֻʣʮˡ
ˣԳŲ˶ˡ
ڣʮŲʱûܳȥ̱̭
ʮ㣬ڣʮˣɹ̤㡣
ʮ㣬ﻹûо̫ѹʼգͨûù
ס
ܿ죬ͷ֣˷һֻֻȺĿ֮һӰɱһѪ·ӿ˹
һӰϰˣڵʮ㡣
ﻹ˸ʯʯȻһͷİߣһ鹷Ƥҩ
䣡
һĳȫһֻܺɷǻϵɻ󣬽͵ʮ֮ǰһʮ˵ʯݣͨϵʮ㡣Ȼʮ󣬾ֻʣһʯˡ
Ȼԭˡ
ߣϣ
ɳһ˷·һ磬ֱӹĵʮеʯݡ
ʱһӰҲ˹ȥ
Ȼˣȡ˿ƣÿ˳ϽǴ˳ȥ
Щˣǿϵʮ֮ˣ֪֪֮ԼʵܻǰϯλȻˣֺαȥ׷
Ҳ뿪ˣԴ͡
ǻԳһЦ֮еĿƣҲ˳ϴˡ
ǻǰ˵ͷ漴һ·֮Ӷֱ߲ȥ֮һֱֻֻӱƬ
ȺĿܣ赲ȥ·
뿪ʮ㣬ϳҡӣڣҲֻжʮˡ
ǰ棬ΪӪ֮ˣķʽϳ壬סˡ
ǿ
ʯڰص󣬽һֻܻٵ󣬼ߡ
˻˻˻˻˻

ת֮䣬·һĳʧʮͨһʯУٶ֮죬Ŀõҡӣ׷׵һÿµˣ
侳һߣ˹侳ߣδĶ֡
ʵ̫ˣεġһ·Īˡ

Щҡӣϳ˳һǰͨͻ˸ɵˣ˿µʵ
侳һΪʮ㣬ƺû츳ͨ
ûпһ֮С


һʱ䣬һЩʵȽǿҡӣ·ܵ˴̼츳ͨڶ⾳֮֮ҲԼٶϳ塣
Ǹ߰׼ҴС㣬ҲĿ¶ʣ츳£
ãʶ
ʱʯҵ˴ڨĻᣬһЦ
ʶؿ˸ʯһۣЩš
ãʶ
ػɵĿ⣬ʯˣгʶ
ߣʶΣ㡣
ɨ˸ʯһۣزϳ塣
гô
һͬʱΧһƱ˪ϢͨǱͨĵ֮ϱͨͱ֮⾳һֻֻܶᡣ
ಣ
ʮһͨʮʯϣۿϾҪʮ㣬ɳ¶ֵ⡣
ǵһʮˡ
Դڹˡ
ʱһƮż˿ɳĶС
һʱ䣬ɳֻоһߴֱӴ˵ʮ㣬ǰ棬ʮȥ

ɳ˭ʱϣɳ·һ档
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ʱɳ֣һѸޱȵӰҲˡһֻֻܣǰ棬˵ʮ㡣
Щһ˴ҩɣ
ɳһüɳӶһҲ׷ȥǱ̬ҲˣЩҲ볬ɳүɡ
һɲǣɳ˻С͵磬Χɳһ·ϵĿܣֱӱɢ
ɳһЩҡӣ׷ɵˡ
ǶϳˣҲһǰսҡĵӣһνҡֱӲҡ߼ӿ˵ģҲˣ˶вǵʵ
ֻо˫շ̣ǿ
ʱһ˺ʣԿϴݶ䡣
һʱ䣬ǿڼʵǵҡӣǿĿ˵ϣԼһȺ뿪˿ܵҡӣͫ׶̲סһ
ͨ
˳ϡϣ¶־ȣʢУͨӵߡ
ǵУҲλͨӵߡ
λҲҪӵĴڡ
˭ͨγҲһȣ˫¶ȡ
Ǵʮϴġ
Ŀ¶ȣ˲²⡣
˵ʮ㣡
䣬ͳŷӦǸղŵ˼ͨϣûʶ֮ͨء
ʮ㣡
ҡĸ߼ӿˣһΣ֪ҡڸ߼ӿУɼ֮ˣҲ˵ʮŲ㡣
Ǹˣǵ侳ߡ
գ˴Ǹ˵ļ¼𺶡


356 ֹʮ
ڿܵ󿼺˳ϺһȺҡĪʱܵڵһҡӣҲԭء
ֱһֻֻӭϮǲŷӦӦЩܡ
ճҡӣ̲ס̧ͷܵʯ֮ϡ
ǶµǸӵСͨ˭
Ǽһͨӵߣ
ɳҲһ֪ͨӵߣĵطӦʮϡû뵽ʮϵĿܣͨ
ڣɳʶԼͳĲ࣬С˳
ͨӵߣ
һ·ߣü͸¶ƣİأĿ¶ʡ
ԶĸʯһĻĿ⸴ӣҲ֪Щʲô
ʮ㡣
һѶѪɫ鶯ޱȣ֮һֻֻܱɷ飬Ѫɫһ绯һɫ磬ֱӳʮĲ㡣
ûͣЪ϶ȥ
ͨʮʯϣܵʵǿ˲ֹһ㣬κһֻܣŲѰ侳ߵ
һʯϵĿܣһΡ
һĿܣȵ侳ߡ
侳غ͵侳أһˮ롣

Ѫͨһ𣬳ֳѪͨѪɫ⣬ڣ̼䣬˫˫ţѪɫצ˻˰֮塣
ڳУīħһħ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ħڳУÿһλӳһɫӹ̺ŷƥĵ֮⾳뵶֮⾳ںһơ
꣡꣡꣡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ɫÿһγ֣һֻܾͱնΣȻըѡ
ƾħ֮һ·˿ĵʮ㣬Ŀ⣬ʮ֮ϵʯϣû´ĿܣӦ൱ڵ侳ߡ

˿նɱһֻֻܣ̤ǰħ˸Ĺʱ׼ɫ硣
û̫գһԡ
⡣
ߡ뿪˿ǳĿתſˣǶ뿴Ǹˣܴڼ㡣
֪ʱǸоԼģЩľˡ
ʮ㡣
θսһ˽Ŀ⼫Ź֡
û뵽һȺȵ侳ߵĿܶɱƽʱһĵ侳ߣҲ̫ܴʮ㣬ѵΪ
ĿһЩɻ
ûУȥ̽ʱչֵΪȷʵǵ侳һɡֻǣҷ֣ʩչ⾳֮ں⾳˵ǰ벽ں⾳
񣬳ΡͶ˳ϣ໥
벽ں⾳
Щ⡣
ν͵İ벽ں⾳ǵ֮⾳ͷ֮Ƶںϡ
ŻȻ
û뵽ͣ켶似̺ں֮ơ
̲סһ̾
켶似֣ʢ֮УǲֻҪЩ̣켶似
켶似ãں֮ơں⾳ںϰ֮ˣȴ١
ûһ츳ں֮ƣ
ЩˣһΪ̤֮Ҳ켶似ɾΪ츳һЩٳٲں⾳
Խں֮֮ˣ츳Խߡ
ʮ꣬벽ں⾳ݹҡʷҲֻǧǰųֹ
ҡһλž޵š
ֻϧʱ
һʱҲһλţʤһһѷɫһֻյ³
λţҲ겻š
ҡһλ棬ڱֻҪǺǸһǿλ棬ܴҡϻԻ͡
ǶʷҡӶԣһκڰʷ
̲סɣѵΪ˿ҡڣѵҡԶֻܱѹţ
գλ˵ϣ·ֿϣ
ҡϣ
ţ
ͻȻüͷһƣһۣˣ
ܴʮ㣬Ѿ㲻ˣˣֻǵ侳һأҪϿʮ㣬Ѱ侳ߣҲδ
˵
侳һأ˿µսӵСͨǵ˼ȻἫΪϲ
ЦУֳЦ⡣
ȥ
һֱ뿪
ڣʮͨʮʯϻصʮ㣬ʯϵĿܣû׷ʯĿܣһһޱȡ
̫ˡ
ｫ֮뿼Ƶͬʱҡͷһ̾
ֻһֻܣƾɵܴͨϵʮ㡣
ͨʮĿܣֱӦóɵͨҲɱһֻܣ塣
εӰܿڳǰ
γϡ
Գ
ϲˣһεĸ߼ӿˣռһˡ
ЦӳʱӦʣµҡӣһѡ뿪
ųһ֣ͷ֣ԼֱӶ˿
ǰһ˿⡣
󣬳̤նٴ뿪ȥҡȥˡ
λγϣʵӦ侳߽ס
θղŴʱչֵٶȣ̲ס²
Ǹͨӵ߰ɣ
ǻߣĿ¶ʡ
һЦû˵ǣҲû˵ǣǻȴˡ

ܿ죬ͷ֣ϺͶϣ̴뿪˿ˣϵãǡʯ͡ء
ʯһ֣æǰкû뵽ʵôǿʮϡ
ʯ˵ˣɲǴʮϡ
ǻЦ
ţ
ʯԣʱһܰͨʮϷѵˣ
û
ǻҡͷֻǣﲢֻʮ㣬뿪֮ǰʮϡ
ʮ㣿
ʯһͣ⣬⡭
ΪҡӣȻ֪ʮϴʲôܴʮ֮ˣǵ侳ϵĴڡ
Ϊ
ʯһȻŶ󣬾ǵ侳ϵˡ
ﵭһЦҲûϾʣʯ㴳˵ڼ㣿
ʯЩΣֻʮĲ㡣
ߣΪʮ´࣬˭ҪҳΪһ飬ҿʩҡ
Զصߣ绯ɭȻĺ⡣
ãûУҡ
صĻʯɫףæ͡
ʲôǰ֣ͷüֱһߡ
ãҴˣҴˡʱʯָ˹ȥ·ȫ˳ǻĴڡ
ǻһۣ̲סҡͷ
ʯ԰صİ̫΢ˣԳ֮ΪΡˡ


357 £
ϲ
λ˵ĳϣҲǳˣԳϲ
ϲ
ҲԳһЦݼԵúͰףųĿ⣬ڿһгϢĺ󱲡
лλϡ
˵ͷ
ᣬ츳ߣѵòꡣ
ˣֶԳ߿˼֡
һŲ٣ȴƳģҪǣûΪԼһ츳԰
һ㣬Ҳѵõġ
ţͶ˳ϣٴն˿
ʱ󣬿ˣλ˳ϴ˳
ߣ
ɳϴģͿǰ汻γϴ֮ˣĿ˸ȵĻ棬ͺƽһ㡣
ɳסҡӣһԼĪʮˡӣӳͨվֹˮɿɳĿɨ·ûп
Դôˣ
ǻ粽߽ɳʡ
ǻΪɳҡʲôìܡ
û¡
ɳҡͷ·Ը˵ʱҲջԼĿ⣬ڳϣУֻʵǿһͨӵߡ
ԣһЦͨҲ
ڿʱͼʶ˿ɳ츳ͨɳͨӦһͨɳʯͷͨһĮеɳ
ʵЩĿܣֱӱ츳ͨ顣
ڣ˽Ѿˣǰ֮ˣֱǳͿɳͨһθ߼ӿ֮ˣһжʮˣʣµĲұ̭֮ˣϣ˳ͨˡ
ϣһο˵Ľο˵һˣǳ˿ʮ㣬ҡļ¼ڳ˻Դ轱
˻˻˻˻˻

䣬Χһ֮˷Щ˵Ŀ⣬׷˳ϡ
ʮˡ
ʮ㣡
ڳҡӣ뿪һȺҡӣ׷ĿɿڴЩҡӣֱ֪ʮ㣬ȴ֪ʮ㡣
ʮϣÿһѶȣ˵Ǳ
ճҡӣɳʯͰڣһĿУ˲ͺȻ
ʮ㣡
ҡʷϣ߼ӿˣƺûȡùôµĳɼɣ
ȡõĳɼǿȺӡ
һʮ㣬ôȥģɳݺݵ˿ĭ˼ؿų·һġ
ڿ˵ʱ䣬ҲǻУ֪ʮϵĿ¡
ҡҲֻһ˵˵ʮŲ㣬˵ϵʮŲҡӣһ侳ߡ
ȡõĳɼֻʤǸ侳صҡӣԶʤ
ʮŲʮ㣬Ͳһϡ
ʮ㣿
ǻҲˣȻ֪ʮ㣬ȴҲΪֻǵʮһʮ㣬ôҲû뵽ϵʮ㣡
֪ʮĲͨʮʯϳֵĿܣÿһֻѰĵ侳ߡ
Ҳ˵һȺ侳ߵ£һ·ϵʮġ
Ǹʱ˳Ͻʮû̫ѹ
ʮ㡣
ղſɳӵǸˣľګݼ䣬Ҳ¶˼־ݣ˳

찡ʮ㣡ǴðĹҪǻôᡣ
û뵽츳ȻѡҡҡһǶһλš
ɫļӣ츳ҲԶ

һȺӣͨ˿˵ģûͨ˵ģͬʱ˽¶۷׷ס
ţ֮ؽΪҡȽȽһǡ
ſ˵ϡ̧֣ڳգ滺˼֣˵Ŀ⣬𽥴ӳϣתƵϡ
ολеڶ֮ˣ𣬽õһöƷԪʯ
Ŀ⣬ϣȻ˵
һʱ䣬һȵĿ⣬ٴתơ
𣿡
Ŀ⣬ҲڳҡӵĿ⣬תƵ𡱵ϣǿɳ뿪ʱõӵĿ֮ˡ
ڣＸ⣬ΪοɳӶԷ
ԴѹճһǷܶԪʯģԭǱĵڶ
￴˿ɳһۣȡЦ
ߣҲͱǿһ㣬Ҷһ㣬ԺҪ׾٣¡ɳߺһ˲мǻܴĿУЩ⡣
һöƷԪʯ
ܿ죬עתƵĽϡ
̧֣һöֱָ𣬵ڷŽ
λе֮ˣͳһǸռҡĵӣɳɳõʮöƷԪʯ
ٴγ֣һöֱָӿɳ
ɳӹüƺЩĽֻһ롣
һεĿˣĸҴһϲǰ֮ˣ˶Ǹռҡĵӡ
ϼڣ̾
һҡӣĿⶼڳͿɳϣޱȣҡˣֱӾͽЩҡ˶˱ȥֻо˫շ̣޵ݡ
ܿ죬˵ϸ֮ͨˣŸ߼ƺͬʱ֣ƣһͻ˿˵С
һὫο˵ľϱˣڵ˺ʱȥͲܿƵˣʱ䣬㾡ҪչأҹƵվͻټ㡣
Ͽ˵
ʱ˵⣬һ뿼˵ҡȥһʱ䣬ֻʣ¿˵ϣԼɳǻˡ
ǣ볤ϡ
ͷ
ָͳλ˳ϴкֱ̤նȥû֮С
ϡ
￴򶫷û˵ȥ΢ЦĻ֪˵ʲôɡ
ۿôߣɳҲȥһûڣЩƣΪǰЩӵҡǿ˵𿼺˵˲
ҪȻҲöȵˡ
ҧҧ뵽ʲôλǸȥ
Σ㲻ؿ˵𣿡θˣ˫Цʡ
Ӧҵ˼
˵ţҲᶫüͷֱӵȻҡΪҡӣҪϵѡһΪպ֮ءϣܿǿǡ뷵ҿԸ֤㽫ڷõõõԴ
Ȼǿ˵ϣϵеκһ
ϾǴӷ߳ĵӣһΣҲΪȥԼɲŵķһЩ¡
յʦ壬ԳܸȤ


358 ѡ
ϵ
ﻹɻԱߵĶҲˣܼ롮һԵõõԴ㡣
ȵȡλϣ˵ϵʲô
κͶĻڳУȫס
͵ҡУԵ֮£Ϊߵ˿˵֮⣬ͳΪϵϵֱԡ񡯡񡯣Լ顯Ϊ
ϵҡ˾ְÿһһλҡӣѡϵһ룬һ
νӹĻͷ͵
ϽͣﵹЩȻˣΣǸȻһЦγϣǸ
ĻƺҲ⣬΢΢һЦ˸־ѡһ㶼ҡӣҿ㡣
εºܣܱγ㿴ء
æǫ
㲻ǫ飬츳ҺͶĿãպҡһ
ЦȻ˾ҾͲٴˣպ£ɵ˵ѰңֻҪܼ֮£ƴǡ
ȻóδĳΣѾΪͳĹϵ·
۹⣬úԶ
лγϡ
æл֪ǿһ츳Ŷ㿴أ룬óԷ֮ˣʼգܾ˳ε룬Ҳ˿ֻ͸¶ʧ
Ӯˣû뵽һôá
뿪֮ǰ̲סżֶ⡣
¶Цݣǰ
ôҲû뵽һεҡй£ջôΪҡôһλš
һɳҲ츳ϣϵ֮ʡ
лл
عɫأԳл
ڳܾʱﲻ˿ûйʦ£˹
ˣҲǡͶ֮֮ҡѣμ롮ͻָˡ
ҡͷһЦ˵
ڳκͶˣͬʱһףԼһѡ
ɲֻԷ٣ֺ߲á
λϣԳβ˽⣬ڶһ·ҡ֮ˣֻˣҡ󣬶չСƹΡ
Գԣһ㣬Ƿ˶һ顣
ծѻծлỹȻ
ңͬΪҡϵ֮һǡǡ̫һ
֣վѡ˶ġ
ɷģһֻ飬ұԴ㵽ȥҵʦ㣬ҲˡЦ
ϵʦ𣿡
һԱߵĿɳǻҲ˹
ǻҡʱҲˣȴδ˵˳ϡʦ˭
ͷҲûҵʦ𣬱ǻ⣬ҲΪϵĿ˵ϣ뻯ԭڸ߼ӿ˿ʼǰ㲻츳ͨͻܸɵһ֣ʹϵõصעҵʦңҪ£
Ȼû뵽Լһǰĳ֣Ӱ졣
ڿǡġˣĵˣж£
ɳգգ۾漴ֿ˶ϣǻĵӣﻯ£֮СγϣȴΪҪ£ѵͷҲܲɷֵĹϵɣ
ͷһЦǳγϵʦ壬γϵʦһηǵְȥˡ˵γϺͷûйϵ
ˣŻȻ
ǵ
֣ĿⲻһĿꡣ
ڶĴ£ǰڿ˵סʱ￴ǻʣʦ֣ϵһĵӣ
ĵӡǻ˵
Դ׼ĸ￴ɳʡ
ϡ
ʱɳ򶫷ʣ֪ǷҲܽ
Ц˼ǿԡ
ɳ츳ȲóҲϵ֮ʣϵκһὫĵӾ֮⡣
ôҹ˼ɣ
ɳһЦ
ǹ˼ˣʦأһЦǻ
û£ǴмôҲȥڳΪ¼ҹһ㣬һȥɾĳɹ¼ҹˡ
ɳһȥȫΪįı顣
Ҳ
ʶ³ǰڵʱ˵һʡ

ɳһãԱߵĶǻҲǻʣʲô˼
˵Ժлᣬٺúø͡
Щôͣһʱ䣬ﲻɹԼ졣
˺ܿ͸Ŷϵڿ˵סСƹһȥ쵽ʱǻһ뿪
ȥˡ
ڹĻԶֻ֮ң
뻯ͬΪϵ֮һ
һӰ⣬Ӷ롣
ʱУһЩ˵ӣΧȥɣôͨ𣿡
š
˵ͷɫæֱȥ
ɣͨ˻һŹײ˭ǷԪʯһ㡣
һӣü
һǰ£ɿǱһսҡµӸѵˣ룬ڿ϶ȥøΪ𡣡
һ˵ҲǵһʶɣǵСǼǻ֪𣿡
ǸĵҪùˣǳĻ̡һǵãǰһ˸ɣţˣɴ˼¡
ҿ¿ɲһ˸ɵ˿ɲһ㣬˵ͻʮ꣬͵ˣڲ츳ͨǰ£׾ٻܸɣ츳֪˵ĵˣµӶܸȤء
ʮꣿµӵ츳ȷʵ¡

ۣһ·롰ڵһĴԺǰ¡
硣
Ժţк

һεֱӽԺŴ򿪣洫һȻ
ԺһԾ׳ԼĪʮߡ꣬Ǹɵø磬衣
ۿɽʣ˿ͨˣ
ڸǰһ˵ͷͨˡ
š
ͷк£
磬һǰڿ˵ҡ
º󣬿裬û˵꣬ͱϣ˽ѵ𣿡
磬㶼֪ˣ
صͷ


359 
ߣ
Įɨ˸һۣΪʲôҶܸƨɣ͸˵ҡЩˣ˵㣬Ҳǲá
磬ǸҲһսҡµӶѡЩġ
µӣǰôһµӣһͲʮµӣһǰ츳ͨûãͽ׻ܡκ˵츳ãǵģ
赭˵£ڿʼ͵ûУθ߼ӿǰЩˣ
ôҲû뵽һǰǼ£Ϊ˳ĵʯóҡȵһʱ䣬Ѫӿؿþƽ
㻰ء
ûӦüͷһ塣
õܣԽԽˡ
磬ղ˵ʲôɻعʡ
㣬θ߼ӿǰЩˡ費ظһ顣
ʱɳĬĿ˸
ѵǸҲǰһĻɫһʵ
ţοˣеһ˿ʮ㡣
ɵͷż⡣
ǵã֪˿ʮвӿ˵ҡӣֳ˼𾪡
һ̣ޱѹ֡
ʮ㣿
ͫɲһȻĿ⣬˵ڸɵϣȷǵʮ㣿
ȷ׿˵ġ
ɵͷ
ʮ㡭ңһΪδ̤侳ʱҲ˵ܵСʮ꣬͵ʮ㣬Ϊ
һ迴ɣͺһ£ʹգùֻ㣡𣿡
ǣ硣
ɵͷϻǼżֲ塣
Сɡ̾˿õܣһɸ֣Ǹ;һ˵Ϊο˵ٴȥҡȻᱻټܿͻõҡ˵ټҡֻʱ⡣
㲻ѣҲΪˣ㶮𣿡
迴ɣѭѭա
ɵͷ֮ǰҲͷϣټϱʡɱǣһҲ˹Щ¡
磬һǰǼ£ǳɣ
뵽ʲôɿ裬һǡ
ȥѡϵеһΪպ֮أȻȥǸ
Ƭ̣˵
˸ȻԸȴҲףҪȥǸ
ӭˣһֻɫС
ϣ
ϣ

ж·ɳСƹһ·뻯֮һĻӣ򶫷
ۿųɳСƹԶȥЩϸɻ󣺡ϴˣʲôˣ
ǳͿɳһǰռҡĵӣһθ߼ӿˣ˵һɳ˵û뵽ǾȻѡǻ
˵⻰ˣһղμҡ߼ӿ˵Ļӡ
Ǹ˾ǳ
˸߼ӿ˵һ˿ڼ㣿

Χһӣ˺棬ʡ
ʦ֡
ɳСƹڶ󣬱Ҫȥ˭֪ڻӵĹ֮⣬һӰסǡ
һˣòͨһ˫ӣȴ˸Ĺ⻪ʱ˿̣к
ʦܣʦ𣿡΢Цʡ
ʦǰЩͻʱչˣҪٹһʱղܳءλӦþҡ÷зĳ˰ɣ
˸˵⻰Ŀܿתڶĳϣ¶־档
ﲻ֪γƺʱˣҵʦܣҲǻϣ𳼡
ϡ
æԳ
𳼶ԳһЦֿ򶫷ʦ֣û뵽潫ʦ°ˣʦ֪ȻΪϲá
ЦҲǸ˳һ飬ѡȨԼϡţʦܣ֮ǰŵ뷵᲻õԴǾܾ
ⷬ⣬ȻҲˣ΢΢һЦʦַģģǻһȻѡ˻Ȼ㡣
ͷлϡ
ʱԱߵĿɳվǰһ𳼣ˣǿɳҲ뻯ҵ츳ҲܸߣҲͲôһ㣬ɲܺ˱ˡ
Դ񡣡
üͷ΢壬¿ɳ˳𳼣𳼿ǻϡ
𳼿˿ɳһֿۣ򶫷͵ɳ츳ȷʵһθ߼ӿˣֻġһЩе
˵츳ӦñǿĿһ
ڣ츳Ҳϡ֮ʡһοˣɳѷɫͣȴҪȿɳ꣬󣬿ɳڵͣȻԶʤ
ȻֻҪٸҰʱ䣬ҿ϶ʤǸ𡣡
ɳߺһ
ɳԴ󣬳ϰߣɶͳȴˣһʱ䣬˶һۣĿⶼЩŹ֡
ԴǵҲûʲôڳĳ£㲻̫ɫĿɳԴ󣬾ЩԽˡ
𳼿ɳһȻпɳ˵ʤҾ͸һᡭʤΪ״ӣΣ
Դ񡣡
û뵽𳼳ϻ˵ⷬɳ֪ɳӦԡ
ֻɳ´˳һ˵ΪʲôҪΪ״ӣΪ״ӣʲôô𣿡
𳼣ôҲǻϣǻ״ӡ
еӣ˭Ϊ״ӣΪ״ӣһ棬Ҳǳ˻ͽڻеλߡ
ڣûʲôôҲŲԸΪ״ӵ˼
ߣܳΪҵ״ӣڻڣܵõԴȳҪΪҵ״ӣɲô׵ģ󣬻ҲûǸ
𳼴˿ɳһۣ˵ղŵĻ͵û˵㻹ǴڻʵʵͨӾˡ
ϣ˵ȥĻɾóȥˮҲˣ֤ãҾ㿴ôΪ״ӵġ
ɳҲȼյĻ棬ڿޱȡ
񣬱ôһȻܲˡ
ңĳΪ˻ϵĵӣԺڻǿԺߣ˭
ҾĿԴˡ
𳼵һЦ


360 ׿
ʦܣҾͽˣҿ˵£ȸˡ
𳼴кֶԳͿɳ˵ͷһ̤𽥵ʧ֮С
ȥȡ߼ƣǵġ׿
ȥ󣬳𳼿΢Ц
׿ɻ
ģҡУֻҪǶҡ׵ĵӣԵõһĹ׵㣬׿Ǵ洢׵ˮֻҪ׿㹻Ĺ׵㣬ҡѣԪʯ似ҩһĶ
𳼽͵
ȻνĹ׿ǰп
׵㣬ҡġͨҡ
𳼼˵ҡǲȡԪʯģֻϹ׵㡣
ͷʾס
ڳ𳼵Ĵ£ɳСƹһ·β棬һĹǰտˣֱ𳼴ų˽ȥſڹһķһſ˯
ϺΡ
üһ
˻˻ЩԴطӦֳ𳼵ʱæ΢ϣʲôԸ
Ϊ˰߼ƣŹ׿ţ˳Ǹ׼ҡӷΡ
˵
ʱ˲ע⵽ĳͿɳɳЩȣǻѾûгֹôĸ߼ˡ
ĿתƵϣֱˡ
մʲô磬һ츳ѵӣҶǸ߼ӡ
ϵıװټ˺ӡɲ²Ǹսҡĵӣ

𳼵ͷͿɳǽȥѡҡӷΣȻȡŹ׿Ѫ
˵ͷ߽˷䡣
ʱ˸׼߼ƣȡ͸ĿƬݸ˳ˡ
ǡ
ｫƬˮֻоһ䣬з·̺żΪصԿֺ̽
̲ס²⣬Ӧþڹ׿ڵƵ
ѪֻҪעǵ׿ʾǰʣġ׵㡯𳼳ΪϺΡˣͿɳ͵
ԣֱʳָһѪˮϡ
̼䣬ˮһҫ۵Ĺ⻪漴ųһ֮ˮڣʱˮУֳ֡
һ٣
ÿսҡĵӣһٹ׵Ϊ׵㣬ҪĹ׵㣬ֻܿԼȥ׬ȡΪҡףҡӼ໥תù׵㡣
ϺۿͿɳù׿͵
Ϊҡף
ɻ
ҡУһרŷĹפصģ񣬻ҡֻҡӷֻҪ񣬾ܵõӦĹ׵㡣
Ϻν˵ȻܵõڵһԻȡӦĹ׵㡣ҲԻԪʯȥȡ׵㡣
Ԫʯλ׵㣿
ʡ
öƷԪʯԻȡһ㹱׵㡣
Ϻ˵Ҫù׵ȥԪʯȫͬˣһ㹱׵㣬ֻܻȡһöƷԪʯ
̫˰ɡ
ɳۣߵĶһȻһ
ҲҡΪ˹ҡӣ׬ȡһЩ׵㡣ϺЦ
ϺΣ⹱׵㣬ѵֻܹһЩ似ҩ֮Ķ֪һණҡвȱȫԪʯҡȥЩҡ򡣡
˵

Ļո߽ĳЦˣһĹ似ҩȻԵҡȥԪʯ򣬿켶似侳õĵҩԼһЩϡҡ򵽣
켶似侳õҩ
ͫһȻ֪ҡȴҲû뵽ֶԹ׵ۡ
Ȼ켶似۸߰һҡӣһҲδ׬ȡ㹻Ĺ׵㻻ȡ𳼽˵
𳼵Ļﵹǲʲô켶似Ҫ
ɳﲻҪɳҪɳĺЩ٣ʵһ켶似Ҫٹ׵㣿
һָ
ʮ׵㣿ɳʡ
ʮ׵㣬Ԫʯȥȡ൱ڶʮƷԪʯǧƷԪʯڿɳѾ֡
ҡͷ
ѵһ򣿡
ɳ˿ĭһ׵㣬൱ƷԪʯ
ֱۣ
һ׵㡣𳼵ͷ
ƷԪʯ
Ҳ̲סһ£õƵĲƸ̺ļƷԪʯҲûôࡣ
ƣҸ֪ԭô
˽ű߻˯Сƹһۣﴫ˵
СӣƷԪʯҪ֪걾Ϊ˲£ǼͶȫңϵļƷԪʯʱʮ򣡡
СƹĻʱˣҪ֪Ƹ֣׬ȡԪʯˮһ򵥡
Ҫǵɢˣ׬ȡļƷԪʯһҲ¡
ʮƷԪʯֻʣôң
ˣ̫ܼˣ
һ£Ҫǰ˵ҡžŴõ֮أǻռһΪҪ֧һĹ׵㣬׵ˣеƣֱӽ˸ȥ
𳼿˳һۣ˵
֮ػҪù׵㣿
ɳɵˣҡҲ̫˰ɣ
ǳΪĸ߼ӣԻֵһס㲻뻨ѹ׵㣬Ҳѡס⻰ǶԿɳ˵ġ
Ĺ׿ҡ𳼿
Ȼ֪ҪʲôǽĹ׿ݸ˳𳼡
ܿ죬ͷ֣ҲȡԼĹ׿ܿ죬𳼵֮Ĺ׿ڣ׿ڵĹ׵㣬ҲڳͿɳǰ
ʮһǧһʮ
ɳ˿Լ׿ʾġһ١ֿ˿Ĺ׿ʾġʮһǧһʮ޵Ķˡ
ͻȻַ֣𳼵Ĺ׿һʾĹ׵㣬ӡʮһǧһʮˡʮǧһʮ
ͬʱݸ𳼵Ĺ׿Ҳһ⡣
ܿһ֡
һһ١
תˣ
Ժһʱ͸ֳͷ
ʱ𳼽Ĺ׿ݻظ˵һ׵㣬㹻õңһʱ䡣
˫һ
ϡ
ʱɳҲ֣ԼĹ׿𳼵˹ȥҵģҵġ
ʲô
üʡ
׵㰡㲻Ǹתһ׵𣿡ɳ۰Ͱ͵ؿų𳼣ʡ
һ׵㣬ǳǻĽǻḳõԴֻǸԴҪȵ˳ƽϡ
˵
𳼶Կɳ˵ⷬվһԵϺΣ׾ˡ
Ŀ⣬Ծ˳ϡ


361 ķ᣿
ϵ˵ҡӳɳġҡУܱŵԵõõԴˣȴǼ١
ҡʷϣЩˣһ츳׿֮
ԣϺοĿ⣬𽥵˱仯
𳼵ĻɳȻƣȴҲףԻԣļֵԶ
ߣһ𣬵ʱ״ӣҪúһ١
ܿ죬ɳϵƵȻ޴棬һ𳼣Ŀ͸¶һ˿˿ȣ񿴵𣬳Ϊ𳼵״Ӻ󣬽𳼵Ĺ׵ռΪеһ졣
лϡ
𳼵лһ׵㣬ֻõһ꣬Ҳ̲סզ࣬ͬʱõңҲЩڴ
պҪǵȥģҪΪǵӣҪҡո¶ͷǣʮµһո¶ͷǡ
Ψлǵõ˵ӿ˵Ļᡣ
ҡҪĿġ
ϺΣ߼ӷηǣҴȥס
𳼶˵߲ҵæΪͿɳ˸ѡ˼׺ҡӷΡ
ۿִų뿪Ϻ˫һղţǳƺǸΪѵһǰڸ߼ӿ˵ڣ츳ͨͽĸɺ֮ˣ
뵽Ȼˣѹֳ˿ˡ
ԭǳ
츳ܻͨһ侳һߣһһĵ侳һأϺοսҲڵ侳ء
ҪĻǳͣǱÿ¡
ͿɳСƹһڳպסȥʱ̲סʣӿˣеһȴ֪˿ڼ㣿
գڶ֮ǰţ֪ӿ˵һˣǡһǰ˴ҡߡ
һǰǼ£ߣ⡣
ƫƫ鷢ڳϣһʮϣһһ½һҡɺ䶯
ٺ٣ǵ˿ʮ㡣
ﻹûڣԱߵĿɳ̲סˣؿ˳һۣ·ܳһľ㵡
ͺϿʮĲǳԼһ㡣
һףΪζΪȡĳǲϧ·ޱĳŵ
ԺʲôҪֱӵǻĵۡѰҡ
𳼿˵
ͷ
ڳ𳼵Ĵ£ͿɳһƬĽȺǰϡԿһЩҡӷӶЩҡӣڻĵӡ
⣬ҡӡ
ڣǻӡ
ϡ
ϡ

ĻӣԳǵĿ⣬ڳͿɳϣü¶ֺ棬óԴ·ˣǿ򵥡
һЩˣǶգңңų𳼴ųͿɳն¡
ڵĸۡ˾סպǶ˵סˡ
𳼸Žµۡ
ۡ㲻Ͽһ˾סȴǴ´ࡣ
ɳסıߣ
￴ǰۡʿɳ
⡣ɳʼ磬һνӡ
Уƣס
кСƹһһһֱӽߵ֮ۡڡ
Զһӣۿ뿪󣬳ͿɳһֻСƹ̤ն䣬ֱۡ׷׷ӦҲǻĵӡ
ǻûҡӷΣµӣֻǣͼӿˣƺûʼµӣӦڵͼӿ˵Ŷԡ
ǣǲսĸ߼ӿ֮ˡ
ǲһθ߼ӿУеһ͵µӰɣ
пܡ
˵еһǸ˿ʮ㣬ǿֻе侳߲аյȥģ
˵ֻһʮˡ

һӣ׾Ͳµ˳Ϳɳݡ
ţ
ͻȻԶһȺ˻һ𣬷ӶڳĻĿһ
ܿ죬˵ͺǡķᡯˣġҲڡ
ڻУ໥ݵڵΪףǵ£ۼһȺӣأҲγȫɻ϶ɵϵ
һϵǡķᡱ
һǰģķĸ᳤ġĴķĳԱ̤նڳһӣղţǲǴ˹
ǡ
ӣҵ
ʲôЦڻ˭֪ϵĲǣҲ˵ǵ侳ߣϵΪ֮ˣǻеĽܳڵӡ
ڵӣǵ侳ϵĴڡ
סģʵ
ԣƺЩɣǲµӣһǵһʱ䣬Щֹ
㻰
ɫһ¶ɭȻʶӵĹǣɨһΧĻӣһӣտڲԡ
ߣɫһ
ʦ֣αǣǸ򵥡
һˣ΢Ц
а취
ʡ
ǰ̤ն£̺֮ݿΧĽȺ

սۡƨɶûȣ溰Լṳֱ̈ն𣬿Լ֮ˣʲôˣ

СƹӰΣڳߣЩ˷ܣСӣҪҪѵһ٣
˯һˡ
ʦ֣㿴ˡ
ղŰѳгǸӣԻ˵䲻빦ζ
̤նųǳӿеһ֮ˣ
ʲôˣ
ʱĿɳҲڳߣۿ˶ţʵ
ûʲôЩͬʦֵܣҴкˡ
ԿɳһЦֿģ˵ͷҾǳλʦкָ̣
ѵ츳ߣ˲꣬ôò
ĵ˵ͷͺһڶ˵Ҵķᡯ롣
ķ᣿
һ֪ʲô
ɻ󣬻ֵķᣬЩԼ϶ɵС壬ƽʱŽһһ飬żȺȥɱ߼һͬ׬ȡ׵㡣ֻҪķᣬӽķὫΪҡڣû˸С㡢۸㡣
ڣˡ
ķᣬ޷ǾǻеһЩɵĲ
Ȼ
ܿ죬Ļͷһת΢Цķᣬ֮ˣϽһ׵㣬Ϊѡ
һ׵㣬㲻ȥ
ɳɴ˫ۣߵ
һ׵㣿
ΧԹ۵һӣҲˡ
ģһսҡҪһ׵㣬˲ɡ
սҡˣǸ߼ӣһ׵㡣


362 ģ
츳ֻҪķᣬλ󣬾һƽƽһ죬Ҳǲܡ
ĿųϵЦݸ
ԣĿ΢
ʲôķᣬҪԼ룬ҪԼȡһ׵㣿
УԷô֪Լҡµӻһ׵㣬Ȼ𳼳ǲ˵ȥģҲֻһܡ
ϺΣ
λʦ֣ѵķĻ᳤ﵭʵ
ǣķĸ᳤᳤ڱչء
ҡͷϸֳ𾴣ǵĻ᳤ڵӡ
ڵӣ
ЩȣķᣬȷʵҲЩͷ᳤Ȼڵӡ
ڵӣҡľӢˡ
Σ
ĿӸ£ڸ·һ̣Ѿﵱķˣˡ
һ׵㣬Ը⽻ʦҽ𣿡
ﵭɨ˻һۣҡҡͷһ׵㣬ǳϴãûЩ׵㣬׼ҵΪٶȻʱǳϹʦ㡭𣿡

ﻰû˵꣬вζѾˡ
ﻰһ䣬ĵɫѿޱȣΧһӣһƬȻ
ǸղŻ֣ΪλҪһ׵㣬ǵȻˣԭϴ˳һ׵㡣
û뵽ô󵨣˳ϴĹ׵ϡ
һʱ䣬Χ˿ĵĿ⣬ЩŹ֡
ǺǡʦܣҸղֻǿЦ˼ķᣬҪϽԪʯʦΪһţȨ
ѿɫ֪ʱѾЦݣһ޺
΢ģһˡ
ҿԼķᡭ
һڣԱߵĿɳСƹһ⣬ΧĻӣоЩ֣ڻģЦݸͶˣǡ
һû˵ꡣ
ﲻش˻ĵĻ
ǷķᣬֻҪķܸҵĹ׿תʮʮ׵㣬ҼķᣬҲǲԡ
ĿһĶӡ
һɲǣ·𶼱סˡ
һӣųĿɿڴǿڼŭģĿķḱ᳤Ц滢һΪ̤˵侳ء
ɳЦˣǳ
Сƹһ˫ɫͫף˸ź⣬Żġ
𾴾ƲԳԷƣ
ҿǷ˰ɣʦķᣬ컯㾹Ҹǽ
ǿЦķᴴôãǵһҸҪ׵ġ

ķԱ׷׷ŭŭɳ
ôҲû뵽ﾹȻ֮֮Ҫ׵㣬ңһڣʮʮ׵㡣
浱׵ǰĲɣ
Ҹһᣬջղ˵ĻȻڵģ
˫亮˸ų
ﵭһЦ׻˵úãˮգο˵ȥĻ˵վյûģҵǺ棬ʦҺڡ
£ȴҲ¡
˼Ҳ

ɫֳ֮ɫϵĵ֮궯·ԿأΪϿ㣬Ϳ޷죬㿴ڳϵϣҲɱ㣬գҲúúýѵ㣬֪һҰĵط
һ䣬ϣ֮ȫµĵ֮ƶ⾳֮ɢһȦȦ

̤ն绯һֻӥֻҪץСһ㣬ֶ£ֱӳ
һӣĿɿڴ
Ƿ֣ԷŭĻģһ㣬ԭأһ

ɳһ粽Ҫְ
ѽܶˡ
ʱûʲôעСƹˣ˲乤ԭվ޺һֻСһ磬ֱӶ˻ĺͳм䡣

˲乤СĿ֮£һֻɫ󹷡ѪſһΪµдݶ
ֲӭ˻ĵĵ֮⾳֮ɲǼ䣬ɫ䣬֣ԼȫֻͻȻֵĹŹ޸ˡ
ȣ
һߺȣͷ֮ϣһֻǿ׳ĺӰ֣̤նֶ£磬ֱӺɫ󹷣·Ҫĺ谭
𡪡
ɫ󹷵ĺӿµľ޺˲ɲǼ䣬ĵĺֱͨӱɫ̵
ͨɣ³һѪĻģһҲ֧Լһ̱ɫɣӰ١
֮УΧ˸ŵĺɫ󹷣ɫ԰ޱȣʲô
ޣ
һӣڳ˼֪ЩʲôʱʲôһмžֺͺȻ
ޣ˵еĿޣ
ΧĻӣ׷׾ˣû뵽ܹ֮꣬ޣҾҡС
̡ޣ
ҲɵˣղţܸӦֻɫ󹷵ʵһֻΪҲͺ൱Ȼɫ󹷵սȴԶܵС
һ̣֪˺ɫ󹷵ʶԼԵǺεȿµĴڡ
˵Уǿޣ̾һУ

˿ĿиֳּɵΣ㲻ԸķᣬҲǿܺߵޡ
һ̣ķˡ
ޣԣֱǲɺȻ
ΧĻӣٴοʱĿ¶ֻ
ȻƽڻҲûʲôԵ
ߡ
˵꣬кķˣЩķԱͱɵˣĵĻľګص˵ͷת׼顣
䡪
˭֪ڳĴ󲿷ֻӣΪµ˽ʱɫ󹷲Ѫ֮У˲³һɿµ
ڳ֮ˣһʱ䶼ܸӦɿµУ̺ǻԼĵ֮⾳֮⣬УŻ츳ͨϢ
׹֮䣬תȥĻģһɿֱ֣ӱĩʣ

߿֮ϣһƬš
ˣ
ްѻɱˣ
⡭ˣֱˣ

һӣĿɿڴ·ǰһġ
һУ̫ͻȻ˶ʼϲ
⡭
ɳҲˣľګؿźɫ󹷣ֻһֱڳߵĹΪҲһֻû⡣
գֻеСƹչֳʵһ
ۿ޵СֱӽɱǺݺݵس鴤һ¡
㡭ɱ˻ġ
һķĳԱ͵źɫ󹷣·𻹲Ÿղŵһġ
ˣľͬС
еĵˣǻҡҡУλΪȻĴڡ


363 ɳ
ҼҡֻΪκ˷ͻ
ɨΧĻһۣ˵仰кСƹһ£˳Ϸĸۡ
ҡɲΪҡĵʲôҲԸ̫ķĿģǴҡһΪҡΪ壬ǵ
˲ۣҲ
֮ɸڳĻһ棬µӣȴҲǺǵġ
һӣĿɿڴ
ѵ֪˶Ļ
㲻ɱġ
ɳ׷˳Ц
ţü
ҡڣƽʱǲ֮໥ɱ¾ģʲôìܣ¡ս顯˫ӡһɳ˵
Ҳ֪Ļش𣬺ܼ򵥡
ȷʵ֪ҡҲû˸Щ
ֻǣڵı飬ƺûжı仯ͺε£ûΥҡĹһ㡣
ŻһɢȥϢԼٶɢ
ܿ죬ųߵĵɱĵϢͬʱϢɢҪãܴҡ
˭
ķḱ᳤侳ߡ
ôˡ
ң˵ɱĵǴ˵еġޡֻޣ͸ڳߡ
ҡϵ֮УһԺԺܸɣǵ˲ҡأܵԺϳ͡
ĽԺУλɳϣʱڽԺûбչɳϣϢɫһ䡣
һսǻĵӣ󵨣ݵɱͬţ
ˣ
ɳϣˣһеȣһƫݣ˶ŭѣڻһĶֵأǽɳƹܡ
ǿڻɱӣûǽɵ
ߣóֻȺ˷䣡
еȵĽɳϣӿն
һˣ
㲻ϿĸۡǰԺУƽĽűߣСƹɢſСӣ㲻ģ
ʲôɵĵġﲻΪ⡣
鷳ˡ
ͻȻСƹ̧ͷ߿֮ϣ
ɳϽ٣ߵĵٳӭӣ
ʱըһߴ׹
һʱ䣬ΧסĻӣˣû뵽ɳôˣ
ϻĿǻӣһǱһµɱɳʱ˹γ𡣡
ߣȥ֣
˵Ժô
ȻǰҡĹ츳Ȼȴûҡصĵزݵף㲻ҲҪѲƤ

һӣȳﷴӦ̤ն˸߿֮ϡ
ԺλϾһˡ
½ԺӣȻλɳϡ
Ǹأûѵɳ϶

ڻ۷׷ʱɳ˳ĸۡϿգԺովĳһǣ
ģû¡ҡͷһ̤ն
ɳСƹ
߿֮ϣңңɳ϶ţ΢΢񣺡λϡ
ԭڵĽɳϣʱݼķŭѹ˼֣һӳ¡ӣߵĵɱģкͬţҡأ֪
ϡ
վǰһȻҳһǰҡͽ˿˵գ뿪˵ĵһաҡĹأէ֪飬
ΧĻӣΣҲ뵽˵һǵĿ⣬ЩŹ֡
ѵΪһէ֪飬ܽ½ҹɣ
̫ˣ
ȻĽɳϣɫһ˵ڸߵɱͬŵʵΣɱͬţΪʡ
ʣ
ЦˣֱԵϣΧʦֵ֤ܶգϴҹߣҵסǰŸߣĺţֱҪҼķᣬҽҵһ׵㣬Ϊѣ
ⷬڳ֮ˣ޼֪顣
ϴһ׵㣿
ɳɫ΢ǻ״ӣƽǻĴˣ졣
û˵˺һӡ
ϣʣ£Ҿܾһ׵㣬д
ڣʽɳϡ
£ܾ޴ֻǡ
ɳҡͷû˵꣬ͱϣл½⡣ֻǣʱҾܾһ׵ȷʵģҳֶ֣ξڣɱʳϣһ侳һߣȫֵĻģл֮
ۿɳٴҡͷֵˣǴ˱ɱ֮ģ㣬ͬ

ʱΧĻӣɳϣʶⷬڽǴһͬʱһֱûڵǸɳϣô˵Ĳ˵ֺ෴ߵĵɱ

ЦɳϢЩȶʱֵôճϵ˼ʱҵĵ飬Ͳó֣ӦԹۣûĽɱȷѡˣ
ɣ
ɳɫһ䣺ߵʵȫ»ĶɱݵɱģΣǷҡɣ㣬ߵĵɱġ
ϣλ飬˽٣
￴˽ɳһۣʡ
ΪҪ˽ߵֻǻؽԺǻὫǽ㣬ȴ˷䡣ɳϷ·Ըٺͳȥ̤ն

ʱȰӰڸ߿֮ϣýɳ϶Ρ
ϡΧĻӣ׷
ϡɳϣҲ˵ͷ
ˣǳ𳼡
ε£Ҷ֪ˣֻǣλϣʱ䣬ȴǲ˱Ժ㡣
𳼿ɳϣ˵
ΧĻ𳼵Ļһʱ䣬ðĵһͷǳƫ̻һʱ䣬˿иֳĽͼʡ
ڻû˽ĳ𳼳˶Դ
ɳϵ뷨Щӣһɫһһ˵ϣ֪㿴سֻǣγ
ôȫΪҳƫ̻
üͷһƣɳϣεϢϯɳɫһ䡣
θ߼ӿ˵ĵһˣʱ䣬˻ټԴ轱ѵλϻȥˣ
𳼽˵ڣλϻƫ̻𣿡


364 
߼ӿˣеһ
𳼵ĻɳĿһ£ǻ治֪
ֻ֪һǰڿ˵͸ɵǼ£֪츳ڳθ߼ӿ˵һ£֪顣
ȻλҪ߳㣬Ҳûλϣɡ
֮䣬ɳÿһ·
ɳԣЩΣϣղŵ£벻ҪϣҲΪάҡĹأά򡣡
ǰ£ǲ֪飬֪Ǹ߼ӿ˵һˣϾҪõ˵ټ
һ̣ɳϵڣȻ޴档
Ȼˣε£λϣʵϱˡ½һ𣬵ӦûǰټʱõԾϣλϾΣ
𳼽ֵ
˵Ƕˣȥˡ
ɳԣæͷ𳼴һкֱ뿪˻
ҽȥΣ
𳼿ʡ
롣
æԼĸۡ
ʱ߿֮ϣֻʣһȺĵӣ
˵˻γͷ
֪Ͼӿ˵һˣټէ˻пܶһ档
һĻǰˣ
ҲֻܹԼùûȥǳΪһ׵㡣

ӣɢȥһʱ䣬߿գָֻƽ
ۡǰԺУͿɳվһԡ

ڳ𳼵к£˲
ʱ𳼵Ŀ⣬ûзڳ˵ϣſڵɹ̫СƹϣΣԽֻϵһ
λ飬ޣʡ
ǡ
ͷ£ҡѾ㲻ʲôˡ
Щȣֿ˳һۣɫһε£ΣΥҡĹءԣ˵ˣҪ׼
ͷ
ˮڡ
Ȼۺ֣±Ͼǻ޹㣬ҲǲˣҪͷ㣬ӦҲ̫ءֲ
Цϣһ仰µһ仰á
ȥ󣬳ӵĸۡӭһ֮͡
ǳҲû뵽˻
һǰǼ£ҵĴдԭҡ
ҳˣǱˣǸɡ
ĸɣﻹһǰţֻʣǫͻ̿֡
ɸմѡ˻Ϊ˻ӣ漴˵˳ߵĵɱ֮¡
ӡġҲϵã֪ĵʵø硰衱ɾˣĻˡ
û뵽ߣ˿µĵڡ
ЩңҺøǣϣûȡ֣Ȼֵܶˣк³
֮£ʹ˽ҹ߰ɡ
ﵭ˸һۣûκθƽϵ˼˾һߣҾһɡ
лл
һл֮󣬸뿪
û뵽Ҳˣҡڵӣû˸ˡ
ɳΪﵣģϾɱ˻ģҡĴɣɸղ˳𳼳ϵһĵģȻ޴棬ŸԶȥıӰЦ
ڵӡ
΢΢Ǹķ᳤³
һε£ҡ׷ɻıϾķĸ᳤ΪķĻ᳤µĸ᳤ɱЩʲôķԱȻĻ䡣
ڳ￴ķ᳤λߵľ򣬲ܲˡ
ǻ𣿡
ɳЦ
ɳĻֻҡͷ֮·ܴơ

ܿ죬ִһЩϤܿµ˭
ڳк£һ̤ն䣺˵ߵĵɱˣ
ʯΪ
Цʣ𼸷ů⣬ʯ㲻ʱ֤Ľѡ
ʯͷ
ԱߵĿɳʯĿ⣬Ź֣˵˸ʯͰ֮£ڸʯԴĵ׸еӡ
һΪŮˣ϶Էˡ
м֮Ϊ顣
Ȼȥˡ
ɳԳ˵һֱȥ
Ȼ˿ɳʯĿ⣬ҡͷһЦ
ѵͲһ𣿡ʯȻҲע⵽˿ɳĿ⣬ֻǣĿ⣬Щ̫࣬ľˡ
ݹҡĵӣҲֻгﲻĿ⿴
ˣﵱѡ
ΪҪ㣿
ﷴʡ
ѵͲҶô򣬲ϧԼϣɳ𣿡
ʯ䣬˿ɬ
ʯĻɫһʯҪסһִһ£Ǻ¡԰صֱ΢İȻҲͬԼѡ㡣
˵һкܶѡʱǵˣҲѡײǽĲΨײͷѪ֪Լ֮ǰѡǶôԣҿѡǴģϾԼѡ񣬼ȻѡˣҪ𵽵ף۱ô
һգ֣ᷢԭѡǴġʱѡһΣδһأԣڵ㣬ȥ˵Ŀ⣬ԼԼ·ΨԼ߳·Լŷ
һ˵꣬ۡǰԺգ˳š
Σʯعмؿ˳һۣлл
ҡͷϣʶԼĴѡ񡣡
ʯȥСƹضų
ʲôл𣿡ɻСƹʡ
ûС
Сƹҡͷһֻû뵽˵ǷҸôãǵһη㻹ôߵľ򡣡
Сƹһۣطȥˡ
ֶ֣߲ͨ£šħ𹦡ͬʱžͨĿУżɻ
ͨԴϴο˵㣬һ㣬ĲûκηӦ
ϴ̤侳ʱɵͨѪͨٶһЩ仯ͨûκ춯

ڳУɵͨ۳Ρ
ڵķɵͨǰﻹ侳ʱķɵͨԷһЩ仯ɵͨһɱϢٶȸࡣ
ҲǳԵ侳һΪԷɵͨɱѰ侳ߵԭ֮һ
Ѫͨ
ǰѪͨצǣһѪɫۣԣǲһЩһûȫε
㣬ͷˡ
ȥѪͨͨ׳ĻͨȣһЩԵĲ
׵Ļͨġ֮塱
ڣѪͨҲɱ䵽һ


365 ҡ
պһӰԶǰһ̻ڼԶ֮أת˲֮䣬ѽ˻
ټ
Įʣ㲻ϴȴǴûˣ׷̧ͷעĿһЩڸ߿ӹĻӣңңһֱվɫӰɵ
Ͼ
ֻҪҡдþõˣ˵ҡµϾ
˵Ͼʵϵ
ֻǣϾǸҡߣޱȣ¶棬ǲ²ͬʱϾҲ̲ס˼ֳ羴

оѣ˫һ˾ͨ粽ţն
Сƹ𣬸ڳ
ܿ죬ע⵽ԶһɫӰվղŵ֮
ӶܿͿ˵Ŀ
һˣһϮŽߵۣԵø߹ü֮䣬żְȻǿߵţڳ￴˵ͬʱҲڿ
ǳ
˵Ŀ⣬ڳͣƬ̣˳Сƹϣü䣬͸¶졣
ǳ֪ǰǣ
΢ղţյСƹĴ֪ǰλˣȻһλǿߣ
ǿߡ
ȥȻСƹǰߡɵʱߣֻ״̬
ǰˣǳɶλصĳ֮⣬ĵһʵʵڵǿߡ
ǵߵϾǰҪߵֻȥˡ
˵
ҲҪȥ
һû뵽ҡҪټ֮⣬Ҫټơ
ûлش̤ն𣺡ϡ
ЦҡߵϾҲףԷǿߣһЩҲпԭ
ǿߣԼϡ
ƣһ·ҡפض߶ȥܿ뿪˻
ǳơ
⣬ӰӶ룬ˣһˣۿСƹһ˵߶ȥüͷһ塣
һ̣Ҫ׷ȥ
Դ񣡡
ֻǣ׼ͱߵֹˣȥʲô
ɳȻȻʳȥģѵʲôף
Ȼףû´ӦҪȥҡĵˣ˵ȥʲô֣ϾһҲ
ǻüڿɳĳ嶯Ϊ
Ҫȥˣôһȥ
ɳԣʱЩɻ󣺡УǸ˾еϾǿ𣿡
ǻ˿ɳһۣҡߣϾݴţϾǿߣʵϵ
ʲôǸǿߣ
ɳһͣԴǿǰҲҷһʱ䣬Ҳųһ亹
ڳߵĵ룬ӦҲǵõ˵˵ټˣ֮ǰֻɱ˻ģҡɣ
ǻ˵
ϣû°ɡ
ɳ̾˿ĬĬΪСƹף
һ·ȥԭΪҡ˵ڣӦþڶߣֻǣܿͷ֣ٴնֱ߶ȥ
ǡ
סˣ˶ԭΪԷԼ£˲ֻûн£նȥ
СӣҡйӦòҡפأҡפ֮ϡ
СƹĴڳߴ
ʱСƹҲβ̤ն
ܿ죬Ŀ⳹̡
֮ϣһС͵Ŀе죬еУֻмһΪ
Χľ鲼һɵ
Сƹˣֱӽ˿е졣
ŨԪ
սе죬Ͼ¶죬ϳԪȫ
Ȼûȥġõ֮أ¶Ȳ
Ͼҡסĵط
ܿ죬һ˿емǰ
ƻֺ꣬ӭһɺޱȵϢ𺳣óо˼ѹ֣Щ١
Ǿȴˡ
˴Ĵ˳ȥ
ʱ￪ʼտĴ㲻Ͻ̻Իͣȴ˴һϢһ̣ķ·ƽ
˿̴ľ
ʱСƹľС
ɻȥֻСƹڴеһЩľǰȥһ˫ɫͫף˾ȡ
Ҳ֣ЩľεĲϣ̴ľЩ̴ľ̴ͨľȫȻͬ
Щ̴ľı棬һϸϸĽɫ˿ߣ޹ɵزƶȻǾĵ
̴ľƺЩһ㡣
Щȡ
Ȼ˿̴ľ̴ľеļƷŰĶĹЧļֵ䲻мСû뵽ҡռô˿̴ľ
Сƹ˵
û뵽˵еޣ˼ʶҴ۽硣
ʱһº͵ڴд
Сƹʱɫ䣬תŷ֣֪ʱǵ󣬶һӣһɫۣվɽ
Կʱһλӡ
ڣ£ɳ˳Եóޱȡ
ˡ
ȻվͨˣԲµӣȻҡ޺ۡ
Сƹ޺һͷǰҲǿߣ޺ǰһҷ
޺ۣǱǰȫʢʱڵҲҪǿϲ١

޺۵ϣϲŭų˵ͷһ̧֣ʱ֮УһŽɫ̴ľηӶ˳󣺡
ۿƺЩ޺ƽϣڸֳЦݣôߵɱͬţǰƵᣬ
Ц֪λ˻ʦȴҲû뵽һô졣
ɡ
޺һӣԼٴк
ͷ
ƽȴЩ
ͻ֮£ɳϣѾ˵ˡʲôҪ䣿
޺ЦЦؿųʡ
ҡͷ
ţɱӡġ֮£ҡûü֪ҡĹأҾҲͷ㡭
޺˵˫һ
̫硣
޺۵˵䲻ͷ㣬ȷʵߵɱͬţԣҾβӿ˵һĽĹҲ˵޷ٵõ
տʼ޺۵Ļóֻֽǣ޺ۺĻֲ˿


366 Ԫռ
ڳ￴Լ˻л࣬ȱԴ
ԣڸ߼ӿλеһĽҲû̫Ȥ
˵ΨһȤҲλҡڣˣԣû˿ν
·𿴴˳˼ҡ޺ۡ˵ôЩ
һЦ
εĽãҡ겻츳һĵӡұ㣬롮Ԫռ䡯ֻϧվǺ͹ԪռԵ
˵޺̾˿ͺΪϧ
Ԫռ䣿
һȴҲ֪ʲôطһЦˣЩԵ֣ȷʵǿ󲻵á
Ԫռ䣿
ʱԱߵСƹһ
֪Ԫռ䣿
ﲻ֪Ԫռ䣬֪ߵغ޺۵Ҳֻ֣ǣֻޣ֪Ԫռ䣬Ϊȡ
˵Сƹͷֿ˳һۣҡͷ̾
ͺҲΪϧһ㡣
ƣʲôʡ
Сӣһһ졯ĻᡣСƹ̾
ۿϻǼżɻСƹ˵Ԫռ䣬ݹʢҲֻΪǵƿءһԪռ䣬ǵһÿǧ꣬ǵߵƿء
Ԫռ䣬ÿʮ꣬ɿһΣеԪֱ֮ͨ⣬Ǽѵ֮أơʢ֮һ侳츳ߣڹԪռڼһ£Դӵ侳һأ侳أ
Сƹ˵꣬סˡ
ʶԪռܿɹ
ԣԪռ䣬ҡѾƿ˾ʮ꣬ʮǰһΣҽ˽£Ϊӵ侳أ̤˵侳أٹһ꣬ǹԪռڶοӡ
޺ۿ˵ұǴλᣬ͸㣬ֻϧ
޺ۻû˵꣬Ѿ˿Ц
ˣҿɻл᣿
ʡ
޺۵һЦûлشת˻⣺֪Ե侳һΪϿʮʱҺܾȣԽ׶ԵеߣҼ٣ȴûŵġ
׼һԪռĻ͸ʵҲǿ㡣
һ侳һߣԴϿʮ㣬Ϊ磬ܺڵӱ⣿
֮£ΪһΣԣȷϳһ侳һߣǽΪ䵽侳һء
Գܿã·𿴵ҡü
ЩҡһֱѹţѹôҲñ
ĵһϣһϣ
˹
ǫ

ͻȻ޺۵ϣһɿµϢ˲佫Ʒ˳ȥ
ֻоһɾϣֱӽƷ
Һãûж⣬ܿס壬أվ֮޺ۣһɻ󣺡ˣǣ
ʱ޺Ҳӽɫ̴ľվңңųڣǿֶΣҡ
ţ
һ𣬺ָֻܿ˹˹ˣ̽Լ
һףԼĻᡣ
òϣ֪Ԫռ䡱Ĵں󣬳Ķˣ֪Լʧȥ˽ԪռĻԭĲΪ⣬˼ֿɬ
ۿ޺̽Լ·ֿϣ
ˣСˡ
ɫأ޺˵
ԱſŵСƹ˷ۣСӣǲ֪ߵغʵ˵ǿߣ侳ߣҲ˵
ܷʩΪ
޺۵ϣʼմůĵ΢Ц
ͷɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣѪ֣ͨѪ£ֱڣ˲䣬ͻ˰֮塣
ˡ
צϣɵͨ۳Σ֮˲ӵŲ㡣
ݣ
һŵĴâں⾳ֱӶĿֱָ޺ۡ
ֻǣȥڵĶâڿ޺һ״˲ͣסɵͨҲ˳Ǳʲô¡
ͬʱɵͨϸȫš
˫ͨ
޺۵ϣֳ־ȣĿ⣬ǰķɵͨϣ츳ͨʲôͨ
ɵͨ˵
УֳĺȻû޺Ҳûκ޺Χɵͨǰͣ¡
ѵǿߵ
ɵͨҲУ˰ɡ޺۵ͷ
ԣ˵ͷɵͨƾʧͬʱҲѪͨ˱צ͸ĳѥһۣҡҡͷָȡһ˫ѥϡ
ԴѪͨԽ˫Żצָڣ׼˲ٵѥ
ȫֵĹһĵ侳ߣӦöԵ¡
Ϊҡ޺һۣͿ˳ղʩչǳû뵽һ侳һߣչֳôǿĹں⾳еķ֮ƣҲɱɷ֮⾳Ϊǵ侳һأѰ侳ߣ¶Եķɵͨ
޺۱ƽȴǿʼ
ԽĽ׶ԵУǱԽ׶ԵУ̫ľϲ
ţݹҡʷƺҲûгֹ
ȥɣĵǼ£ôˡ
޺̧֣һ紵ֱǣСƹɳ˴֮⣬ֱͿ͡
ˣԪռ䣬֪һû
ﱾûлԪռȻû˵꣬ͱ޺ͳͳ˿е졣
һЦԼʧȥ˽ԪռĻᡣ
ƣߡ
̾˿кСƹһһһֱ뿪
Ǽչȥڵճɱ֮£ĵĻӣڵĽ
ҡλΪߵĵˣĽ
ߵĵɱͬţﵱȻҡ֪ҡصķϣ⣬ӣʣ߼ӿ˵һ˵Ľаһ롮Ԫռ䡯Ļᡣ
ҡ޺ۡԭҡ󣬲ϵǿ˵Ҳˡ
ԪռĻ᣿
ôҲû뵽˾ȻԪռĻᣬΪθ߼ӿ˵һ˵Ľ
һʱ䣬˿ֻ
Ǹ浹ùǵʱܺԼߵֻҲʧȥԪռıᡣ
ǣԪռ䣬˵ʮſһΣÿֻһ˽ȥأ
Ԫռ֮ˣһ죬ƻںأ

һҡӣ׷š
ʱ˿̣ûΪƫ̻ֻһĽǻõƫ̻εĽȴǰˡԪռ䡱
ΪأΪĴڡ


367 
ҡΣ룬һ±ȷǾǳߵĵɱͬţȻ
һʱ䣬ҡˣ֪ҡôһˡ
ǻԪΪԣ֮أҪĻӣҪһĹ׵㣬ܻɣȥ
գǳһ
ǰգǻͺͿɳ˻ȥʱΪڷƵĸϣ˼գŴСƹ
һޱȵĹռơ֮ĻӣﲻΪ֡
ǸˣЩ
ſʱһӣЩȷ
ʲôǳҼΡ
һϳ˳
ǵ
Ӧǡ֪ϿǴһ׵㣬õġҡ
һ׵㣿һˣá
ߣɲ츳ݹǻһ¶һܼ

ſڣĻӣͣס˽ŲĿ׷ڳϡ
ڵĳǻġˡ
ʦ֡
ʦ֡

һͳĵͼӣԳк
Ǹ߼ӣͳｻʱҲ΢Ц
Щˣ׷׻һЦ
ЦҲЩͼӣ崺磺ʦǺơ
ǰܵõ˿֮ˣպȻΪȴһӶûУѵá
ߣǸģ˳ʦ֣ɱҲǻã
¿ɱ˵Сıķˡ

Щͼӣҡʱ䣬ȳﻹҡҲȳߡ
ֻǣǬ½УǿΪ𣬴ΪȣԣԳ߼ʱҲҪһʦ֡
ǳ
ڳҪʱһԶ
һʱ䣬ſڵ˲ޱȡ
ţ
ʶתȥֻһۣͿһˣ˵Ĵӵ£̤ն䣬ǰ
ԼĪʮͷһϮɫۣϴ΢Цųڿһİˣڿһˡһѡ
ǣɻʡ
ҵ
Լ󣬶ԳͷһЦĴһǲͬ졭Σ
üǰҵ̫죬ңһ˵Ҫѣ²͸ԷĿġ
ɡ
￪ڡ
ǻ᳤Ҫ㽻ѣң
ʱҵһվŭӳͺһ
ҵü˭죬¡
ԣһ˻ȥ
᳤
üͷһ˲²⣬ҵʣǡҵᡯĻ᳤
ݳ֪У˳Ϊ᳤ˣҲֻˡ
ˣڻɡڵӣµС壬֮һġķᡱѾ̹ˣڵڶҵᡱȴǲй
ȻΪǰĲҵķĻ᳤
ķĻ᳤º޲ýɱ֮졣
ҲֻһܣҵҵĻ᳤
ʦֵǿ𡣡
ҵ⻰ԼݣֿɴԵЦݣѣΣ
ڶʳ
ڲѾ𣿡
ͻȻЦˣЦúܲá
ʲôطһѣܱȶһ˺á
ҵһ㶣漴Ц˵úã˵úáյҡгϴһ׵㣬ӦҲ̫ãĹ׿ңһݼ񡣡
ҡͷһЦʦ֣׵ͲˣһŽȸˡ
ֶԲҵһͷСƹֱӽ
ֻʣ²ҵվǸֵЦݣһȤˣ˶еˡԪռ䣬֮ǰ˾׼ԪռĻ͸
ҵĿ⣬临ӡ
Ԫռ䣬ʮ꿪һΣÿˣһҲֻܽȥһΡ
ԹԪռ䣬Ҳ˿
ף츳ܻлᡣ
ߡ
ҡҡͷҵת̤ն𣬴ҵȥ
ֻʣſڵһȺӣĿɿڴû뵽ҵ᳤ҵˣңҵԳ̬ȣҲΪ֮ȡ
ҵҡڵӡ
˴ԣһǰҵΪ̤˵侳ء
ķ᳤αչأûͻƵ侳أķᣬעҵѹһͷ
СӣղǸҵ۹⵹ǲ֪ϵ
СƹԳ˵
ҡҡͷûСƹĿ⣬С
еңߣһͨ࣬һңԿһЩӣĹ׿ſڵĲۡ
ҵŴ򿪣׿ҵϣЩ˽ȥ
һ㶼Ĺ׿ᱻȡߡ
㣬ﵹԭҡӵĹ׿ǾѪģ׿ת׵㣬Ҫֿ߱ˣ
Ҫ׿Ĺ׵תҪ˲ˡ
֪Щ󣬳̲סҡͷһЦ׿ǰпͬǰпֻҪ֪һţͿԴǮȥ
ҪȡǮЩ鷳ˣ뱾ˣǱȨ
һƬ򣬶ڡҡĵ̣ߣǡҡĵ̣ңڻҶԣһ롣
ˣкܶҿճĻӣǸ߼ӡ
ǰӦþǵˡ
ǰߣ
ǰʹǻĿе֪еңΪĸȼ졢ءƻ֣Уã
ңҲֻҵһ롣
ҵ򣬳ЩпԼԼԿһЩ߼ӡ
ǰߣǡҡ
ңֻͨÿͨߣʮңҲ˵еңֻжʮ
ң￴һˡ
ʮңֻˣʮĸ˳
׿һϵİУҵű򿪣˽ȥСƹ
ң㲻Ͽһ˴´ࡣ
ҪˣȻӰ쵽˵
СƹңҲԵխܿҵʯ̨¡

µ˲䣬ڣһɹɰԪ˷۶˲ҡ
õңԪŨ
Щȣõ
ڵġԪ̨ɹġĿߡûȡ


368 ղ
켶ħ𹦡ħƪȴҲҪɷƪƽħ
ȻＫпܻħɥʧԡ
ҵã켶Ҳ°빦ټоͨΪÿʱÿ̶
Сƹſڳߣž߲֣ͨ˯ʵҲ
һһڣ·ʱ䣬һС
һ¹ȥ
¹ȥ
¹ȥ
һգеһңű򿪣Ŀǵˣ̤ˣʮͷԴɣУż
ҵҲͻˡ
̤磬ת˲֮䣬ͳ
չһ꣬˻صԼĸۡɵһţ֮һ£ɫܿʦˣ
ղҲû뵽Լγأجġ
ģ߶꣬
˭֪Լչڼ䣬ˣڻС
ҵ˸ɵģղĿ罣ֱǰĻӡ
ǡ
ӣҲķĳԱЦҡͷ
ѵʦܼŭĸڵӣ
ղɫҲڵӣһΪ̤˵侳أף˵ҡڻڣҲвٵڵʵʤ
ЩڵģʱҲֻ
᳤ڵӣһռҡĸ߼ӣߵĵġ
ķԱæ˵
Ȼղ壬ķĻ᳤
߼ӣռҡ
ղüͷ𣺡˵
ǡ
ķԱԣҵ˵һһûκ󣬵˳ȥӿ˵һ˵ĽҲͲ֮
ʮ겻Ͽʮ㣿ߵޣһ棬ɱ侳صʦܣƵõ˵˵Ŀأ
һղʶļ֮
ǰ㣬ûʲôֻ츳ɱϾֻƾ侳صΪ˿塣
ںģһ㡣
пܵõҡ˵Ŀء
Ҫȥʦˡ
ղ뿪סնֱڡ
һľĸۡУղʦһϡˣҲǻļλ֮һڻĵλڻ֮£ʤڳϡ
ƽʱǻ״ӡ𳼡ʱҲǱϹϾ
ǻеһǿߣͻͬ鲻ǳ
㡭ͻˣ
˵һۿղ壬ͷղĲ֮ͬ£̽鵽ղΪҲ¶Цݡ
ӣȻûʧ
ʦмҪ鷳
ղ忪żɽֱԵ
ǻĵ£Ͳ˵ˡ
˰֣·µղĿģֱ˵ȻѾ˾£ôȥɡ
ղüͷ𣺡ʦ֪ҡʹٶǸΡֻǣε£ҿѾ˭Υҡص¡ɱ˻ģ£ôˣպڻ㣿
ҪΣ
üʡ
ʦֻȥ̽̽˵Ŀڷ磬ǷҪάҪά£ҾٲԸҲֻˡǵû˼Ҳ׷Ź
ղ˵Լ뷨˫䣬͸¶˵
˳Ƭ̣ǵ˵ͷΪһˣҲġ
˿Ԫռ䡱óΪθ߼ӿ˵һ˵ĽȻǶԳＫ俴أ֪ĵҪΪѳ˱ػ֡
Ȼ뿪ԼĸۡǰҡפϿյĿе죬޺ۡ뿪еʱȴǸֲֳš
е죬мĴſڣ޺վңңƮĿ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
ˣͲղ潫Σ
޺һϮ۵վʵ
Сһɲʡ͵ĵơ󣬳ԿĿɲһңղеĳޣԣֺγһĥ¡ĥ¶Գܣֻ˵ҿˡ
޺Ȼ·Ƿûκιϵһ㡣
˵ͷ˼
ʦô
Լʦղһʵ
Ĵ㡣
˿ղһۣ̾Ҳ֪ģҽ֮ì˵ˡ˵˼ǣֻҪҡصǰԳǽɱˣҲ֡
ղԣʱЦˣһ˫ӣ˸â
ʦ𣬵Ӹˡ
ڵղ壬鼤޲ҵﲻҽս飬Ҳ˳伫
ЩΥҡĹء
ңңղƲıӰüͷܾʲôطԡ
ʲôﵽȥˣ
ղ׼ȥҳˡʱֵõһϢǰͽȥˡ
һʱ䣬ɫ
᳤Ǹң׿Ĺ׵㣬Ҳһꡭȥ£ٹŸ£ض߳
һķԱæղ˵
ղԣ˫һҾٵȾŸ£
ڵĳҵţͲ֪ѾķĻ᳤ڵӡղ塱ˡ
ڵħƪأҲͷ
ɷƪѾΪ̵棬ƽͻƵħƪصħ
У֪ʱСƹѾ뿪ַ߲Χſҵһǣųϳħһ˫ɫͫף͸¶־죺켶ڣҲֻǳأ͸ĵ֮˿µĹ
䡪
˲䣬Χħ·ٽ㣬Ȼըѡ
ըħ˲ҡ
Ƭ֮ըɢħٴξ£˳ڡ
ͬʱʽͻƵħƪء
ڵĳû˶ֹͣһ̵ͺֻ֪Ļħƪغ棬ħȻ޴棬ȡ֮ǵĽɫ
ɷƪ
ħ𹦡ɷƪҲֻʣǰأҲ˵СӵɷƪҲءպħƪϣȻѹħ
֪ʱСƹüͷһﵣġ
ǳʹͣħƪټȥûɷƪƽ⣬켶ħ𹦡ʧ⡣
Գԣٺһ档
£ħ𹦡ѸٵͬʱΪҲԼΪµٶ
ʱţת֮䣬ֹȥ˾Ÿ¡
ԪɢһڳϣóĽɫֱѣ˲䳨ֱӱ˳ȥ
СƹҲû⡣


369 ս
ɷƪˡ
ϣ¶Цݡ
ĿǰΪֹһֱ˳֮ҲͨƬ˺һԲ֮ã˳֮⾳
ʱ֮⾳֮͡⾳ںϣں⾳ʼα
ƣǻȥ
кСƹһ⡣
߳ţͷ֣һӿԼĿ⣬ЩŹ֡
صԼĸָۡڵĿɳƺûгأջûãӭһ֮ͣʯ
ʯϢͨҸճ֪ˡ
ʯ΢΢һЦ
ʯҡͷЦҿɲյϢ֪صģ㵽ӦóءʱȥһܰɣǻķĻ᳤ڵӡղ塯ŸǰѾأҴһķԱе֪ղ壬һֱڵԸ㣬Ϊı𡣡
ղ壿
ʯĻﵹҲȣ׼֪ķ᳤
ۿƺЩ޶ԣʯֲ˵ŸǰղʱһΪ̤˵侳أ㡭
Ѿˡ
ʱСƹڣ˸ʯĻ
̧ͷȥֻԶʣһѸޱȵӰӶ棬ˡ
ˣһˣӡǵڻһķԱ
ǳ
ղյصϢһʱ͸˹ڳĸ֮ۡϣųʵ
ﻹûڣʯǰһն𣺡ղ壬ѡ
ʯ֪㸵ҡЩ㸸׸ǺҡλϽáֻǣ£ķͳ˽˶Թ㣬߿ɣ
ղ̤ǰһµ⾳֮ϯڸʯϡ
ʯɫɷףûκηֱ֮ӱƿ

һӰ绯磬ڸʯԣס˸ʯΣʣû°ɣ
ʯҡͷһǸȻǸﲻ㡣
΢΢ҡͷľˡ
ʱΧһۡĻӣ׷̤նһʱ䣬ۡϿΧ˲ٵĻӡ
ˡ
ղ壬һֱڵų
գ²ճˣղǵ侳صڵӡ
һɣǱˣߵĵǡޡ
ޣϾֻһֻ侳صղ忹⣿

ЩӣУ̲ס̾
ղηҡĹأڴ֮ͥɱҪ˳һ١
߿֮ϣղŶ
գҸ·һҵս顣ڴɸ¡ȻһᾭֻͣҪ֮꣬Ͳվ߳ķ䡣
˵ղ˼ɭ
ڳ֮ˣԸܵղ仰ĺ⡣

ʱһˬʵЦԶһӰת˲͵˳ߣԶ١
ҵҺͳ£޹أѲҪ֣
ǰġ޵Сղɫһ
ˣǲҵҵ᳤Ҳղͷ
ղ壬⻰˵ľͲˣڻм˲֪Ҳҵѣɱ㣬Ϣͨķ᳤᲻֪¡
ҵһЦ
ղɫ£ȻҲ˵ˣԭΪҵֻѪȴû뵽ҵ̻
ҵ㱣һʱһ
ղĿɨҵ
ǾͲҪˡҵЦ

һղĿ⣬˳ϣգҵΪͷҲܶ㣬ԶߡҸѡˣҪúҵս飬ųʱ׼ӭҵŭ𡣡
ʽ㵽ҵĸۡסҵĸۡҲвٶķ䡣
ʱҵҲˣղɫ䣬⾳֮µϢҵҵ
ΧһӶû뵽ҵΪһϧղͻ
ղ壬ôѵս飿ǵĻ㡣
ҵһЦν
ղɫһҪҵս֮ʣһֱû˵ĳվǰһղ壺ղ壬мҪջ֮Թˣ̰ͼ𳼳ϴҵһ׵㣬๼
ղԣʱЦˣΣͻ֮䷢ʲô޹أҽˣΪάķϣΪı𡣡
һΪķϡ
ЦˣЦҿ㻹ǵĻ֮ΪķһǧɡʲôΪķϣΪı𣬹ûʣղ壬ֻΪһ˽ѡ

һΧĻӣһĿŹֵؿղ塣
ղɫˮϵ⾳֮ѹֵ£ٴƣйֱӳ
⾳֮ģղ嫵ĵ֮
䣡
ֻǣղĳ֣վǱҵ£ղ壬˵ҵѡ
ҵ㵱Ҫ˺ղɫһ
ҵûлش𣬵վղͳ֮ĶѾ˵һС
áá
ղŭЦĿ⣬ֱӳڣѵ׼һӶڲҵһųҵս鶼ҽӣⱲӣҲˡ
ղݻٳ־
ֻǣĿȻûܴﵽֻﵭһЦղ壬ΪЩҾϵЩҹȥµġ
Ҫݻ־
ô
ų򣡡
ۿ˿Ӱ죬ղһȻһŭ
Ƿų򣬵Ҳղ޹ء
ﵭһЦһνֻǣղս飬ȴ֪ǻʲô˼ղ壬һͣս飬ҲͰˣղ壬꼸꣬ҳּꣿ
ò˵ĻȾڳˡ
ǰбչһ꣬ڵҲʮꡣ
ղ壬ƺʮˡ
һ̣һЩӳﲻҽսĻӣıҲȻ޴棬һôȻ
ҵЦˣղɫޱȸˡ
ҵս飬ɸҽӣ
ʱղָ̧֣ȡһİֽҡרõġս顱֣֮սϸ
ֻҪԼ˫սϰӡҲζսЧ
һսݣ
һҡҲ׷
ž
ޱȵġս顱Ҳ֪ǺƳɣղƵ֮ƣѹȥ
˲乤ս鴥֮ı仯ղ뿪Ѿһӡղӡ
ţղ̧֣սӶ˲ҵ
㲻ɣ
ҵЦ̤Ҫս顣
ֻǣһӰǰ棬ս顣


370 
ӵĸۡϿգأһӣۿղҵˡս顱ǵĺЩ١
ڵӵԼҡѾûֹˡ
ǿȻǾ˵һս
ʱǶһ۸е档
ֻǣղսϰӡսݸҵʱڲҵǰսӰȴԼݣ״͡
ս֮ˣǱˣǡ


ҵ͸ʯͬһʱ𣬲ҵղµս飬ᡣ
ô㻹Ҫֹҵս飿
ղ岻мɨ˳һۣЦ
ղ壬̫Ϊǡ
Į˵ҸղŵĻû˵ꡣ֮䣬ʮ꣬ҽգҪ㣬ң㣡գҽս飬ǱļҶԣСӹҼҡգҽս飬ĶΪĴڣѾΪ֮·ǰеϰ
ž
̧֣Ŀ֮£սϣԼӡº󣬺ȣңղһսݣ
ųﻰһ䣬ս飬˸Ĺ⻪ֶ
º󣬺ȣңղһսݣ
սըظųҡһʱ䣬ҡ֪˳ղǩս¡
ãҳϣһСˡ
ǰһĻղŷӦ˳һۣЦˣº󣬺ȣҵ㵽ֻϣʱͷڹꡣ˵һǰҡգʦ־͸һЩ£ǩս飬ֲ֮ˣΪҡݣΪǵݣΪʢݣ
ⷬղķԱֱԶȥ
̫嶯ˡ
ʯü˵
ǲҵųĿ¶־죬ڳǩսʱԸоϵţǼΪǿҵţԴš
º󣬺پۣڴɱղһĻ
ҵԳһЦҲ뿪
ȣ滷ɽλҡפؼ֮أһѩֵɽȡ
ƽʱϡ٣ΨԹ֮ƣû̫๱׵ĵͼӣŻѡȥ
ΧĻӣʶûʲôϷɿҲɢȥֻǣǽҹעߡ
һǰռҡµӡһأǩղһսġս顱
ҡġս顱ҡ֮𣬾Ѿڡ
ǴǵĴУֻҡһС
ս飬ǵµߵԣǼΪʥĶ
һԼս˫ǩ¡ս顱һʱ䣬սͻᷢ棬ԼԼս֮գս֮ˣҳսΪڵһݣΪǵݡ
ʢ򣬶ݲ
ΪԶЦ
ʢʷϣҲֹӣʮǰ诵һӣǩս飬սӣ诵˳ȥΪʢЦ
˵˲һλǿɱ˵ǵǿߣҲ˵ʢ˿ġԶš
Сӣа𣿡
ʯȥ󣬳ӵĸۡٴλָƽֻʣСƹСƹ̧ͷʵ
ﵭһЦأ
СӣʵֺαðգڵʵֻҪһЩСۣҪɱʲô¡Сƹֵ
ơ
￴Сƹɫܶ£ҶԼȥԣܴ㣬ʲô¶ˣҼȥ׷ҵк壿ҵ֮·վҪԼȥ㴳ͷѪΣֻҪҾˣԹ޻ڡ
СƹҲһȾ˵ͷˡ
ΪˣֺЩֻǣڵʵղȣЩ⡣
һޱȵĴ֮С
ϵˣλվ׵ĳ𳼣ʣұչʱ䣬ǸСһɼǻ
ˣǻ
Ҳǡ𳼡Ϳ˵ϡʦ
ʦ𣬶ʦֲʦ˵ǻ
˵
ͷһǰĸ߼ӿˣɼΣ
ĿŹ֣еһ
һ
˻ǵӣ貵Ĺ⻪˿ڼ㣿
ʮ㡣
𳼹ص
ǻǼ񵽱ˡЦ
ʦһӡ˵
ţ
Щȣŵ츳֮ˣӣԸΪӡ
пɳ
ֵǺͳһǻģһǰĸ߼ӿˣеǰеڶġ𡯣ʮꡣ
ǰɳȻȥԼս𣬲ҽܣҲЩȡ
һŵǧ֮ˣȻҲسŵ
۵ǣǸԴļһ׵㣬ֱûʦһ㶼
ɳ츳ҲܱΪӣ츳֮⣬ƷӦҲ
˵˵ͷ˵
ƷУ
һ飬뵽ɳǸԴģͺ޲ڽɳץѵһ١
ʦ𡣡
ܿ죬뵽ʲô˵º󣬳ｫ͡ƻĶղ壬ںУһսһǰǶ˾ǩս顣
ʲô
üô£
ţֽﵱߵɱģԼ˵˸߼ӿ˵һ˽һһ˵
Ԫռ䣿Ҳܿ
˵ͷ漴Щɻ󣺡ɽϼһ˵Ӧܿ˶ԳĿأԼĶӶԳƣ£ЩѰ
˵ƻȥҹˣ̽˵Ŀڷ硣
ֵ
ԣǵӣʱӹһ˿⣺ĥСһֻǣСһȻ츳һͺ͵侳صղԼսҲʵǳ嶯һЩ
ʦ𣬾ŸǰղѾͻƵ˵侳ء
ֵ
һ˫һûͼȥս飿
𳼿Цֹϧƻˡ
ɽǻһΪ̤侳أʱ̤侳
Ҳ˵ɽǳó֣㲻㣬ҲɽĶ֡
Ǹϼһô̡
˷·˽ɽΪˣҡҡͷ£ȻѾǩս飬Ҳζľѳۡºһսϣ漣ɡ
ɱղ壬ȷʵԳ֮Ϊ漣
ʲôԴǼһ߸ǰأܣΪ˳𳼳ϵĵӣ
գĸۡӭһ֮ͣǻ
ﱾΪǻͿɳһǻԣʶͿɳ߸ǰͳˡ
ģ
ʡ


371 
ǻĿŹ֣Ϊ𳼳ϵĵӺ󣬴ӳ𳼳ôҪ˼Ĺ׵㣬ȻֽȥˡԣӦǽȥˡ
ʦ֣ûһȥ
ʣﲻɸпԴݣһҪ˳ô๱׵㡣
ԴǸתһ׵㣬ҲһȥֻǣҵΪõƿҪͻƣңҲδãҲûҪȥ˷ѹ׵㡣
ǻĻΪȻ
ΪĵһͻƵƿ˳ȻõģƿѷӰ졣
һº󣬾ղԼսаô
ǻɫأʵ
ﵭһЦŵЦݣǸȾǻǻ
ղԼսԴûῴˡ
ǻЦغҪ֪£ⲻҪһ
ΪȻһЦ
һʱ䣬ҡӶԣת˲͹ȥˡ
ڴµԼսգڵһ磬ҡפرߵġȡϿգƺƵվˣЩҡӣֵġ
ȣѾܾûôֹˡ
ǰ֮Իѡ񺮱ΪղԼս֮أҲΪҡս֮أֻҪǩսҡӣѡ⺮һս
أҲһƺţȡ
ΪÿһӭԼսһҡӣ
ϡ
ϡ

һڸϵĳϣֻҪڱصģ㳲Ȼյһս
ֻһӵԼսǲȤβͬԼս˫ҡպ
һˣղ壬ӣʦɽΪ֮ס
һڵӣʵǿ
һˣһǰռҡսҡչֳ츳ֻΪ˸߼ӣڸ߼ӵĿУһٶ˵һ
˵һǰͽұأǰųأղǩս顣
˵ĶԾϵĳϣҲ˺ڴ

ʱԶӰ̤նλˡ
λˣڳ֮ԣİ
ϡ
볤ϡ
γϡ
һʱ䣬ϵĳϣ׷кͬΪϣ˵ϵݣϵϵ
˵ϵĵλϵеĹ
˸ϵĳϴк󣬾Թߵһߡ
Сһ̫嶯ˣһ꣬Ե侳صղ壬Ҳ̫ʤ㡣
γ̾˿ƺΪϧ
γϣҲûмãô嶯𣿡
ϵһЦʡ
һǰĸ߼ӿˣ˵ϣΪףڳغͲʵò˵ˡ
ڳϣκ漣ǿܵġ
볤϶Գġ
΢΢һЦ
ϣΣο򶫷ʵ
Ҳ˵׼һУֻеһս֪Ц
αӵؿ˶һۣ˵˵û˵


ܿ죬һӰҡϱ߸ӶЩˣϡˣ£͸¶ѹֵϢ
Щһϵĳϣ׷Щ񣺡

Ż

ȻЩˣϵĹЩֻҪûбصģҲˡ
ڳĴ󲿷ҡĿɿڴǺʱ˺Ƶĳ
ҡһǿߣȻôࡣ
Ƕû뵽ղһսôӰ졣
ƻ
ʮܿһΧ£˹ȥˣǱˣǽյ֮һղʦ
ɽ
ղ壬Ķӡ
λþòɽΧʮ˵ͷ
ƻգղŵǸһսοһĻʡ
λػٶ˴𰸰ɣ
ɽһЦʵ
Ǹ츳ߣұΪҡһɫĵӣȴû뵽˳嶯ղǩһսս飬˵ղһΪ侳أֻǵ侳أҲԶܿ⡣
һҡҡͷƺΪеϧ
ϾһʮˣʢҲֻ֡ǣ˵һЩ£嶯ãһ嶯۽Լ
һĻ̾һ
ÿ˶ҪΪԼѡ𡣡
ɽ˵
ƻ˵ǣֻǣ˵һǰҪ롮Ԫռ䡯Ļ˶ҲǼΪأղ潫ɱˣǱƻ²ýɣ
һʵ
ﻤˣȥˣѯйس֮£յ˵˼ֻҪǶӲΥҡأǶӺͳ¡
ɽ˵
ԭˣѹ֡
ЩǻȻͬʱҲΪеһѵõţΪ̫嶯ûɳҪز⺮ڡ


ܿ죬һӰ̤նת˲͵˺Ͽա
ˣ
ˣ

һߵӰǿ˵ϵĵǵĳ֣ʱ֮ǰʮλȻʧɫ
ʮλڣ˹к
ˣһϡˣ׷ͯա
λˣ˾ȡ
ǰû뵽ղһսô󡣡
˵ҡĵ˻᲻
˵

Ͽգһʱ䣬ޱȣҡӵۡ
׿㻯ӵ֮ս㻯οǳ˷ͷ
һˣ΢΢Ц
ˣҲһ֮
ķͷҲա׿ҡͷһ̾Ŀ⸴ӡ
һսղˣ˭ɱԻԣʧ
׿һսɲֻ㻯ʧȥһλŵӣҲҡʧȥһŵӡ̫嶯ˡ
һ׷ͯյˣҡͷ˵
ǰһεԼսԳȥչֳ츳ʵͣٹ꣬ȻҡĽܳڵӡ
ͷͬĻ
Σս£һսɱ⣬ǾĿԴʵղ忹⣬ʢ嶯ؽղս顣
˵
ˡ
ͻȻͿ˵ǲʲô򺮱Ϸʣ֮һȥʲô
ֻǣǶˣԸӦ֮Ϣ
ϾϢ
Ͼˣǿ˱ȻҲˡ
һʱ䣬Ϳ˵һȣĿ֮£ߴն𣬴˸ߵ֮С
ˣ
վϾǰķʱ߸ĵ


372 ĳŵ
ˣҡ޺ۡ
û뵽Ƕˡ
޺۵˵ͷ
˵ϵ߸˿Ŀⶼޱȣ˵ĳ֣˵һ⣺
ˣܿس
ֻǣЩ֣Ȼ˿سΪλ鷢չز
ˣһսǷҪֹ
׿޺ۣʵ
Ҳ޺ۣ£ֻҪһ仰Ժճ
ҡ˾ǡ족ҡľ֧
Ļ˸ΥĻԸı
á
޺ҡͷ漴粽Ҳȥɡ
޺۶Ͼߴ󣬽ٺȣһʱ䣬Īĺ䶯
ˣ
ˣ

ڳҡӣ󲿷˶ûۼҡλΪߵĵһС˵Ƿ׷׷Ӧ˹鼤
ˣ
ˣҡĵҡġꡱ
ͬʱϿգ֮˷û뵽ֻӵһսȻ˵ˡ
ֻˣ˸Խ١
ҡ޺۽٣Χҡӣ׷ڿóһƬһʱ䣬Ͽյһȱڡ
ʱҡĳϺͻ׷̤ն޺
йǹվһԣǹ°㽫޺ۻ档
û뵽˶ˡ
ҵ᳤ҵۿ޺Խ٣Ŀ⸴ޱȣҵǸѣȷʵ򵥡ѹֵ˵ҪԪռ䡯͸

ԶһӰ绯һ磬Х󣬻һȺˡ
ķ᳤ղ塱Ϊ׵ķһˡ
ղһҲ˺ϿյأףЩˣһϵĳϣԼĹ
Լʦ
ղ壬񡣡
ʱԼʦɽĴЩ£ˣ
Ŀ⣬гϺ͹ʱͫһһӰΪ֮һǵˡ
֣˵ߣ˵ϵ߸վ
ˣ
ղЩ벻ͨΪλԽ١
ѵҪֹͳ֮ս
뵽Щѹ֡

޺ۿղ壬˵ͷĿڲԶɽϣƻҲǹҫһˡ
˹ˡ
ɽЩܳü䣬ȴ͸¶ֵ⡣
ղ壬ͳһսȫ֡һսҸ׼һݽ
޺ֿղ壬΢Ц
ղ崺磬Ŀһлˡ
޺۵⻰ף˲һսڵ׼ĽԲһ㣬һĶҲò֡
Ͱɣɱܵõ֮Ǳɱǳˡ
޺ֲ
˷ģﲻҵĶ֡
ղЦЦúܲãš
ҾĿԴ
޺۵ͷȥɣ׼׼Ҳˡ
޺ۻһ䣬ҡһڸ߲㣬׷ϱߣԶһһ̤նת˲֮䣬ѵ˺Ͽա
ţ
̧ͷܿͷ޺Ϊ׵ҡһڸ߲㣬ʱ̤նֱ޺ڶȥ
ߣգûܾ㡣
ʱղͳｻ䣬С
׳ա
Įɨղһۣúɫ࣬޺۵ǰ񣺡ˡ
޺ۿ˫͸¶־졣
ֻΧϾߴڵǿߣɨһʱ䣬̽鵽˳Ϊ
Ϊ侳֮µߣֻֻܿǵ侳һߡ
侳ϵߣȴᱻֶɱΡ
ֻһۣͿ͸˳
һǰǴθ߼ӿˣȷʵΪ
׿ųһ
뷨Ҳ뷨
ڳ֮ˣΨҡ޺ۡߵϾ֪ɱ䣬һǰǾͼҲȷֻǵ侳һߡ
񣬳һΪһġ
ǵΪ֮
ˣΪȻ˼Ҫսʤ侳صղ壬²̫ܡؼʱ̣ǷҪҳ֣
޺Ͼսȥ޺۵ˣ޺ۣʡ
㲻ҪС
˭֪޺ֻϾһ䡣
ȥɣղѾڵ㡣
޺ۿһۺȷ˵
ǡ
ͷæת뺮Уղš
ղΧ滷ɽȫǱѩǵıѩɽĺ⣬ȡ
ң޺ۣҡԼ֮³ŵ
ڳղţأһ֮ʱҡ޺ۡݶڳÿһҡ֮˵ĶС
һʱ䣬ղڣ޺ۡ
գղһսˣԵõ롮Ԫռ䡯ĻᣬԪռ䣬ڰº
ܿ죬޺۵Ļݶ
˲乤򣬳һƬţԪռ䣿
һЩҡ߲㣬͸¶ֺȻǵҲ֪Ԫռڰº֮ǰں棬˻ὫεĻ͸˭
ȴû뵽˽óһսʤߡ
Ԫռ䣿
ղԣ鼤͸¶貵Ĺ⻪Ŀ⣬Яŷɱ⣺ԪռĻᣬҵģ
Ҳû뵽ղһսʱٴóԪռΪ
Ԫռ䣬ϴκǲ
һΣлõԪռĻᣬȻ˫䣬¶ȵ⣬ղʱĿĮ
ˣʮº󣬾ǵյӵӡһΣԪռÿ׼ټȥڵӽȡһղ壬˷ѣ
Ƭ̣˵ԼĴ㡣
Ļղʦ𣬻ĻɽɫһҲףĻ˵
ĵӣͳʮ꣬Ѿ˽ǵĻᡣ
ô϶ղʤ𣿡
޺۵һЦһ˫ӣǡ
һֻ̣Ҫɵӣʶһ֮ս˿õǳ
ѵ
뵽޺۾뽫ԪռĻ͸ǻٲµһЩ˴һʼǿ˳츳ʵ
Ҫټǵȥ
ôһ䣬ĽʵһжΪ
ֻǣ󣬾ƾڵΪɱղ
ɽɫˮ
ԤУʶԼĶӣܿܳΪ˵һöӣһöһɳӡ


373 ֮⾳
ɽĺü
ղ壬״ӣǹŵӡ
һȺӣΪ
ǰ̤侳ΪڵеľӢΪҡնɱڵӣֹ͡
Ӻ߾ϣ츳Ҳ䲻պȻ׷ϴӣӡ
ˣʲôΪ
֪ʱɽĿ⣬ڲԶĻ׿ϣʵ
ơ
׿Ȼʶѵ˼ģԳڵΪҪսʤղ壬һ׵¡Ϊ
׿˵˳Ϊɽ˿
ΪҪɱԼĵղ壬ɱȵ컹ѡ
ֻǣ뵽˶ԳţЩ
Ŀ⣬ںеղϣ˵ղ壬˶ƺżţһΪǱ濴ĵ侳һأΪΪǡȻΪҪѣȫԸһ־;ȫգ¡Ԫռ䡯պǰ;
ɽ죬ǳõԪռĻᣬֺγĵղõԪռĻᡣ
ֻҪĵղ嵱ɱĿ֮£˲ջسŵ
Щ
·𿴵Լղδ⡣
ˣʦ𡣡
˵տʼղ岢ûôֻóǰһ㡣
һ̣ʦɽĴʶûб濴ô򵥣һΪǿߣʱ׼Ĵ⣬һ
Ҳġ
ղԷݡ

ڣںƺƵΧ£ղϣ嫰ĵ֮Хʵʡ
ǵ侳صӽ侳۷
ͬʱղΧϢתۻһɫӰ
⻹û֣ղͻķͨ
һЩҡӣʶղһսĿغС
ղ壬Ǳŵˣճ־ͻͨףԼĵڶͨˡ
ܿ죬ڳ֮ˣֶղͷ֮ϣһӵӰ֣ղĵڶͨͨ
˫ͨӵߣ
ԶüͷһƣЩȣ棬֮ħ
嫵ĵ֮ӵ侳һأ
ȫʱҲԼΪ
ףﲻǵ侳һߡ
ͲµΪⶼһȥˣôܻûн
侳ءأ
찡
侳ءأ
侳ߣ
ǵ侳ߣ

ϿգҡϾߴ֮⣬Ҳֻɽһ˵ɫ򶨣ʣµˣɶݡ
һǰ߼ӿˣҲΪ
Ҳã£ȴǲ볤𡣡
ֶǿǶˡ

һʱ䣬ҡһȺϣһЩˣǿ˵߼ӿ˵˵ϡ
侳أ
˵ϡ͡Ρǵ߼ӿ˵ˣֻǣڲչֳΪҲסˡ
ȷһǰΪȷʵǵ侳һɣ
һ꣬ʹӵ侳һͻƵ侳أ
ңٶҲôֲɣ
ϿգҡӣĿɿڴ
ʮĵ侳ߣǺε츳ҡʷϣǧƺûֹ
ǵ侳أҲսʤղ壬ղǵ侳ߡ
ϧˣҡѵóôһţվҪڴ˵ء
̫嶯ˣ츳ٹ꣬ղǳ£αΪһʱ֮Լյء

һҡӣΪеϧ

ҡУʯǻĿ⣬临ӡ
ʯߣüһڣԭΪж˲𣬲ʱƣ츳ٸΣçѡ
ãҵѡʯüЩá
ţô˵
ɫһĮɨ˸ʯһֱۣ뿪˸ʯߣһȥˡ
ʯʱô˵գȴΪһˡ
ʯһңңŰԶȥһ̣ûȥԣڵңҲѡˡǸˡ
ʯһûأֱԶȥ
ؿʯĶĿ¶죬֣ʯͻȻһˡ
ֻǣһ̣֪䣬ȻоԼģЩյ
ƣ°ɣ
ʯСƹߣʡ
Сƹ̧ͷɨ˸ʯһۣҡҡͷ֪
㶼֪ʯЦ
Сƹԣߺһ
ȷʵ֪£صúܣټҲٽͻƵĹؼҪ˯Ҳ֪ı仯
ڣȻըΧıѩɽһ󶯲ͬʱӴѪɫѶ䣬գݡ
ڳҡӣҲôȡ
ӵͨ£һǰԳڿϻͨ󣬾ʹˣѾʲôš
ݣ
ѪɫһѪ⣬˳ڣﻯ˰֮壬ͬʱڳϣһϢ
֮⾳
ܶ˶ϢĹǳĵ֮⾳
һЩڵӣǿԸӦﵶ֮⾳ĲΣص֮⾳
ص֮⾳
ղУ͸¶мϣ֮⾳ĵ֮⾳ǿ˲٣һ㣬ǵͼӣܿó
ؽ֮⾳ص֮⾳⾳֮Ҳղѹ
һڵӣ̾
Ϊѹƣ⾳֮ҲѹƣҲ츳ͨ΢ʤղκһͨղ壬ȴ˫ͨӵߣ˫ͨϣͨ
һڵӣ˵治֪ղս飬ղһڵУ츳Ҳ㲻ġ
ݡ
Ŀ֮£ղ嶯ˣͨ£֮⾳𣬵֮Ϸͨת֮䣬ͻһ磬ֱӳ
һЩΪԵ͵ҡӣֻܿղһŵĽ⡣
ÿ죡
ղٶȣڵ侳صڵУҲǶ⡣
²ղһ֮С

ڴ˶óʱҲˡ
һֱӺղ彻
ˡ
ͬʱص֮⾳һ⾳֮룬·˼ɱ䣬ų壬һۣ޷Զ
֮⾳
˷֮⾳
˵ϣĿɿڴ
ǻǵãսи߼ӿʱķƣҪɱɷ֮⾳Ų̵ľ롣


374 ɱղ
ֻǣһȥ˷֮⾳
˶һۣӶԷп˺Ȼ
һߣΪѸ٣ԶˣͿԳ֮Ϊš
ơ⾳֮Ͱ֮ϣҲԶˣǾϡˡ
ԣǺߡ
ڣʶΪε˻ԳôģȻ֪ĵϸ
ķ֮⾳ֻһصķ֮⾳ص֮⾳Уں⾳ȴ˲ͳղؽ֮⾳
ص֮⾳һط֮⾳ںһ⾳֮Ѿ⾳֮
ˡ
ۿղתӶһ𣬵侳صĵ֮ħ֮ƵŲ㣬Ѿղ侳صĵ֮ʤһ
ں⾳̺˷֮⾳ٶȷԺղķͨƽ
ټں⾳е֮⾳ķƥ׾ٵﶯղ廹Ҫ죬һʱ䣬Ӷ


ղں׷׷˰죬Լ׷ϣɫΪѿ
һ侳أõ侳ߣȻ޷׷ϣܲϿգһҡӿķЦĿ⡣
ʱµһһâХؽ֮⾳ޱ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һƥĽâֱӳȴһгһâû뺮Χıѩɽ֮С
ʱЩѩɽֱЩֱӺ
̫ˣԭΪղٶȾˣû뵽ٶȻܿ쵽ȵز
ʩչٶȣӦöܺѰĵ侳ˡ
һ侳ߣٶôܻô졣
ߣʩչں⾳֮Ե֮ãƺҲѰ켶켶ĵ֮ղ֮ĳ̶ȡ
һҡ˵󿪿ڵģһڵӣһۣ·Ϳ˳ĵϸ
ֻǣ֪ħ켶Ų֮ƣȴǡ
ʦ֡
Χҡϳˣ׷׹
ˣڵеٮٮߣʮ꣬һΪ̤˵侳ء
һݣ˵ϡ״ӡ
ڳɳ϶ϳˣռǸڶߵˣɳʵǸҡӡ
ˣֶ֪Σ
׿̲ס޺ۡ
޺ҡͷ
ĵϸȷʵ֪һЩȴ뵽ڶ̶̵һʱͽķ֮ƣɱɷ֮⾳һϲ
ֻ𣿡
Ĺɽɫһ
ƻŭҿĵ֮ڲϵؼȻʩչֶΣҪĵ֮һֱȥ
ɽһ˵
ɸһս
׷˳죬أղҲʧȥԣٶȣ̫ˡ
ȷ
ͻȻԶĳסΣתһؿղ塣
ţ
ղղֻһ˵û뵽ͣҪһսһʱЩ㵣͸ʲô
͡
˲乤򣬳ﱳ֮УɵͨӰ۳Ρ
ں⾳УŲħ˸
ղ壬Сģ
ڳ̧˲䣬Ͽգɽıȣֶ£ͬʱɽһ֮Ҫְղ塣
䣡
ֻǣ˲䣬һɸǿ֮ϰ֮ΧӶΧգڡ

ɽﻹлеϣڵݺᡣ
ɽ֮ˣҡ޺ϾǸˡ
꣡
ɽɲǣϿյղ壬һͣһֻ̣һŵĴâĺһƱʶʧ
ܡ
ʬ׹֮ǰʶȫʧ֮ǰֻʣһͷ
ȣһ̣š
ղˣ
еӣ͸ղŵĳֻ֣һǷɳʲô˲乤ղĺϾӿѪֱӱɱ
ΪһЩڵӣϡֻһһŵĶâ

ǵϣֳԵľ壬ʣԼԳһУҲ̫ܶù
ֻڳڵӣĿһ¶ɵ֮ɫÿµĵڶͨ
û뵽ﻹֶΣѹָҽղս飬ʵ
ҵ˫һղͬʱҲζķû䣬պڻУ޺ǡҵᡱȥ֯
ʤˡ
ʯǻϣ¶Цݡ
СӣȻ˷֮⾳СƹĿһЩȡ
Ȼ֮ǰҲ֪֮⾳¡
ȥĵ֮⾳ͷ֮ںһǿȴȲں⾳ɷ֮ɱɷ֮⾳󣬾ȫͬˡ
⾳֮ںϣġں⾳
ܡ
ؿźϿգĿǸӣһ͡
һ̣ӳ˾ԵĽ㡣
⣬һ侳ߣƾʲôɱһ侳ߡ
ҡһڸ߲㣬ɽɫѿʣµˣĿҲ˳ϣڳϣ·𿴵ҡϣ
ˣٹ꣬ҡеĽܳڵӡ
Ƕҽ롮Ԫռ䡯Ļ͸ɻʲô飿
ҡ޺ۣʱؿһҡ߲㣬ʵ
Ӣ
ҡڶ߲㣬æ˵ʱĻʲô塣
츳ʵ֤ҡУʺϽԪռѡ
ƻ
ʱ޺۵Ŀ⣬ɽϣε£ǹԼսղȴҲΪߵҫ㡭
ˡ
ɽڴ޺۵Ļ˵ɽף˾ܷģҲȥݻҡδ
Ͽգɱղ󣬳Ҳ˿
˵ʵȻһΪңƾͨ˵侳أ˷֮⾳ں⾳
ȴҲףĶһ侳ߣûôöԸ
رǷղ˫ͨӵߺףֱӽսȫʩΪ÷ɵͨҲûʮİɱղ塣
һʧ֣ղ׼Ҫɱղ壬͸ϼѡ
ԣϧڵĵ֮ȫʩΪԼٶȶܣҪΪĥղģиղľ֮ġ
ʵ֤һжȷġ
ղܻʱʣµļȫĵ֮Ϊۣ˷ɵͨ
ɵ֮ͨյޱȣǿ֮Уվ˰죬Żָĵ֮
Һõˡ
û֣ľͲղ壬


375 ҩ
ºһϾȥ㡣
ҡ޺뿪ˣ뿪֮ǰһ仰
һʱ䣬ΧһĽͼʵĿ⣬˳ϡ
ף׼óڰº롰Ԫռ䡱
Сӣ̫ðˡ
ɫ󹷣ڱƣü˵
ûѡ񡣡
ЦñķʽȡʤֺγҪȥôðյİ취
׻˵úã
ҲҺóɹˣʧܣҲζ
ϲ
ʱʯǻҲ˳ߣϲ
һЦԺɫ󹷵ƣȻȥ

ںɫ̤նʱһѸޱȵӰЯһ˵Ŀ⣬ǲźɫն¡
ʲôˣ
ܸӦղӹӰԼĿ⣬䲻ƣ˵⡣
ˣҲ÷ɵͨɲǣղˡ
ʱַ֣Ӷµˣںҵղʬ壬̤ն𣬴ղʬԶȥͷҲء
ղʦ𣬻ɽ
֪ʱˣ˵˺ɫ󹷵ߣźɫ󹷱ϵĳ͵
ԭˣѹ֡
ͷȻ򣬶ԷղʦһоͶˡ
ϲ
ʱҡһڸ߲㣬׷̤ն䣬˳ߣϲ
ôһϲøʯǻɱһæõԶ
ЩˣǶԣǡȻ
Щǰ˴Ҵһڡ
лλϡ
æЩҡ߲л
Ҵȥ˰ɡ
׿һֱ̧֣ӽӺɫ󹷱ǣ˲乤ųæ뿪˺ȡ
׿һǰûʲôôġ
ɲǣΣ˹ʺˣ񵽱ˡ
ǵٰߵټӴУǰ׿Ǽһĺôɲ١
ǰãԳ츳ʵټϡԪռ䡯İֻǰҿȻռһ
ҡһοɾüˡ

ֻоǰһͱһݻڵ֮С
ڵУŵмŨҩ㡣
ȥúϴ裬˳¡
ֻ׿ڶߴһ̣ͱ׿Īڵ˹Աߣ˹ˮȪ
ֻǣŨҩ㣬ڸ߳ⲢȪһҩҺ
ˡ
һûлӦҡҡͷѵһۣǰĳ档
ˮĸоȪƣȴֱȪ
ͿԸоһɹҸӿԼڣ̲סޱȡ
﷢֣ڵĵ֮һּΪѸٶȻָš
һ㣬ʥҩ󻹵ġ
֪ʱ˯˹ȥҲ֪˯˶ãѹʱڵĵ֮ӯޱȡ
׼뿪ʱ׿ٶȴҩҩҺ԰ȹ̵侳Ϊ
л˳ȫ
ԣĿ¡
ʱ򣬾ǸߣҲˡ
£ܿͽҵ״̬侳Ϊȫȹ̣·ȴʱ䡣

һգֻоһᡣ
·
Уڳﴩ·һЯų뿪
ǰһͷԼһĴ֮С
λϣ׿
ˡ
æ׿
׿֣ķϻͲ˵ˣȥ׼׼ٹգˣʱߵϾȥˡԪռ䣬Ѱ֮ˣһнĻᣬúϧɡ
ǡ
ͷ˳ȥ
ȴҲ׿ݶ顣
һ侳Ϊ̣زڵ֮ı仯ٶղ壬Ҳô
Ǹҩأƺܲ򵥡
뿪ʱﰵ
ô֪׿һΪ̤֮֮ϵˮƽҲƵǶ⣬룬ҡУֶΣһܳ
ǸҩأϴαչغġƷõҩģȫֵ
СӣȻҩҺȫˡ
ȥ׿ҩǰǰ峺ˮأ¶ֲ죬βҡҡͷ³֣С̬
صԼĸۡʱָۡǰԺм֣Сƹſڸۡǰ˯֮⣬ǻ͸ʯȻԺеʯǰǵĶ棬ˣһˣҵĻ᳤ҵ
һˡ
Դˣ
ڲҵֳ̧ͷʱҲ䵽˸ۡǰԺǼ潫СԺǼ˰
һǰոճأ˵㽫ķ᳤ղ£ôʵ£ҾȻûɻˡ
ɳһûڣ֪ϴκǴغ󣬾ͲӦٽչء
ЦչأΪôҿöãӦþֱ̤侳ˡ
ɨͷֿɳĽܴ󣬵侳صΪȹޱȣʱпͻƵ侳ء
䲻Ҫ֪о߲ͨģɳȴûС
һȡЦ𣿡
ɳһۣ˵Ȼųϲ㣬ҲôģǸʶʱ侳һأҵ侳ءڣҲͰ벽侳أ㶼侳ˡ
Դȣֻܡ
ǻҡͷһЦˣΪѾˡ
ǻһ䣬ɳ·ָֻţǣݹҡ˳˭츳ܱҸߣ
ʦ֣ôˣ
û롰ԴģʽĿɳҵʡ
ҵ㼸ˡҵЦ
ңһ
Ȥҵ᣿Ը⣬ҿ᳤ҵųżɽ˵ԼĴ㡣
ʦ֣ҪǸˣûʲôȤ
΢΢һЦֵղ鷳ʦΪҳͷ⣬ҳ
ҵһЦô˵ͼˣ㲻˵𣿽գǷҵᣬҲҵѣԺҿ»Ҫء
˵ҵЦ
ʦ˵Цˡ
æ
ģһ£뿪ˡԺʲô£ֱңֻҪܼѡ
ҵվＸ˴һкֱȥ
ʦ֣˵Ҳ
ɳ˵
ͷǲ
ܲҵʲô˼룬ȷʵﲻ٣ѩ̿ǽ
ףʯôп㲻ȥβ桯𣿡
￴ʯ´½ȵ


376 Ԫռ
ڳӡУʯһֱæ
æڰȥǰ󣬸ǰصġѾߡΪؽһ鷳ǲرĬĬ
ʯйߣҲǳϡ
ͱȡЦˣѾѡˡ
ʯЦҡͷ˵һ̵ϳ˳·
ϲ
ЦˣȻ²⣬ɸʯ˵ʱеȣȹҲΪʯеˡ
ʯڽǶα΢ĵ
ʯôͻȻʹѡˣ
ļ󣬳￴ʯʡ
ʯԣЩΣûг
ô֮˵˵ˡҡҡͷһνӡ
ʯɲʲô֮ǲ˼
ɳһЦڸʯɱ˰ĿУֱ˵֪ΪʲôͰַ𣿡
Ϊʲô
һɻ󣬺ʵ
Ϊ㡣ɳ˵һ
˲䣬ֻоЩһ̣ԸȥǿߣҲԸԸʯʯ㡭㻹ְã
ʯ˳һۣɳ˵ʵҲûʲôϴղһս֮䣬㼫ΪмǷ㡭˵ңҶν˵ҵѣȴܡ
Ĭˣʯмѣ
ʯ̾˿ϵѣǵһСҵ䲻ȱ֮ͬˣʱǾηΪҵļǺáˣߣҵѣʵһǫúܣΪҰǰֻΪǸܺڵļҲǵĳ⡣
ö֮ҽԶЩˣֱس֡һ˲ͬذͽңӭҡ֪֮䣬Ҳϲˡ룬ϲԭӦûΪǰЩ˲ͬ
û뵽ʯôһιȥ
һѶûС
ΨһһأǴмΪ顣
ɳĸʯļ򣬸һĴָʯò˵ȥ԰Ǹǫģҿɳȷʵۡڣ¶˦㣡ӽҿɳѣԶѡ
ء
ǻҲԱЦ
һҲԸʯͷ
ţѡ
ʯϣڸԵЦݣͬʱֻоһᡭڵȥչΪκ¡
պһϮ۵ˣٴνٳӵĸۡ
ǰ
̤ն𣬹
߰ɡ
ϴβͬһΣ˿ʱԶ˼ֺƣ֮ǰǰĮ
һȥҡ޺ۡϴβͬǶһˣûдСƹ
ڿемУٴμ޺ۡ
ˡ
޺񣬹ޱȣͬʱЩ
ʱ󣬹Ԫռٴοʱڣһ¹Ԫռ䣬ԼȥҪע¡޺˵
ͷϴ
ϴΣߵֻޣѾԸˡԪռ䡯ȷʵԪռ䣬֮ͨ⣬Դ֮İԪ֮ԪԭʼԪ˲֪£ֱǬ½һλʵſʼеԪ
޺ۻ˵
ʣ
˫һϵ֮£Բƽ
޺ۼ˵ʢԪռ䡯ʵҲٳĴڣʱʿٳԪռΪԪռܳôڣڷƣԪռ䣬ÿʮܿһΣÿһοֻܽһˡÿһֻܽԪռһΡ
ȻֻͬһԪռԡ磬һΣҡƿصĹԪռ䣬պлᣬһٽǵƿصĹԪռ䡣
ͷ𺳡
Ԫռ䣬ٳĴڡ
ˣѵʢҲֹǿߣʡ
Ȼ
޺۵ͷĿг֪ʢǵģһλǿʣҲǵһ
û뵽ǵأλ뿪˲ɣ
޺۵ͷѡ뿪ʢͬʱҲΪǵٳԪռ䡯
Ȼ
ʢ֮Уǵµҡߵ֮á
Ϊҡߵġĸǵڵʱ䣬á
λʣǰ
޺ۼ˵ԪռڣΪԪ֮⣬ڽ֮ԪʱҲ֮ܵԪĪѹΨмֵԽ֮ˣܵõԽһ㣬ǧҪסֳһЩʱ䣬ĳܲסǹѹԪռὫͳ
ͷ󣬹Ԫռ棬Դ֮ԭʼԪȻΪԵ
ʱܿ͹ȥ
ʱ޺˳ſһͨһڵ
ڵȫյģ޺еϢ޺ƿڵ֮š
޺ϵֻһţȴ𺳡
ǿߵ
޺ҡҡһˣʵʤҡǿߣڳ￴޺۵ʵǿУҲٮٮߡ
ڵտΨһ˸źɫĹڵС
ѵǹԪռ䣿
￴򣬰
ܿ죬ڳǰ޺ۣ˶֣֮һַ˺ɫƵĹ֮Уʱһɢ
󣬻һŵӰ
ŽȥɣǹԪռ䡣
޺۶Գ˵סҶ˵ĻֵʱԽãԾԽܼ㹻ʱ䣬һ侳صΪͻƵ侳أҲǲܡ
侳أ
ò˵޺۵Ļó鼤
ͨԪռ䣬̤侳أԣһ¡
һʱͿԲΪֻҪһ⾳֮򵽾֮ϣ֮һͻƵ侳Σ
ȥɡ
޺ֵ
š
ͷ˴ŵӰţɣޱȣ˫һƣõĴţ֮ʵʣӦ
֮󣬳ڳǰģһСǿռ䣬еҴ١
ǿռ棬һУϵתŨԪ֮
ףУӦþֱ֮ͨ⣬ԭʼԪԪռĴڣǰλǿµֶΡ
һ̤С
ʱĴţֱӹϣϺ󣬻һͨǽڡ
Ԫ
εĹԪռڳԪóﵹһ
ԭʼԪһԪȣֱ֮


377 侳أ
ЩԴ֮⣬ԭʼԪֻŨǼ̺κʡ
º󣬳﻽˾ͨͨһ߲⣬ֶ¡
ԭʼԪ߲⣬˲˳ڡ
ʱ￪ʼתħ𹦡ħ𹦡ħƪ˵أɷƪҲء
⻹Ҫħͱ뽫ħƪء
ֻǣΪɷƪǲƪֻʣǰأԣﲻ׼ħƪҲħƪΪɷƪĺʹԼħ
ʱɥʧԣΪֻΪɱ¾ڵɱ¾
ŽħƪأӦò̫⡣
һħ𹦡ħƪתĿֱָء
ΪԭʼŨԪټϾ߲ͨϣоûãԼ޳ħƪأ֮תħ֮ǰʼα
û뵽ħƪأ֮ǰô󡣡
ﱻˣоڵԼղ壬Ҫһ֣֣ղҲһܵ¡
ڵħ̫Եˣ
ȻЩħƪصĽﻹʱͣħƪֻѭתǰĲ֣ԼΪ
ħƪأԼԲݣʱ͵òʧˡ
ţûоʲôѹ
Ҳ֪˶ãΪѾӵ侳𲽣ͻƵ˵侳أûиӦ˵ѹ
Ҫ棬ǹѹŻְɡ
Լ˵
Ϊ֪ʱΪѾͻƵ侳ء侳أ侳أ
侳صĵֻ֮ǽ仯ħͿԸоз츲صı仯

ΪȻ̤˵侳أɻĿռ䣬һǹ̵侳Ϊ
侳Ϊ̺󣬳ԸӦڵĵ֮𽥵رٽ㣬ڸоˡѹ
ԭʼԪڣʼơ
һָоԼƣãͻᱻֱӺԪռ䡱
ͻȻ﷢֣ԼڵԭʼԪת˷Ŀֱָ
ͨ

ͨһ̰ԵĺӣЩԭʼԪ߲ܣֱ˽ȥ
嫵ԭʼԪӿͨͨı棬ʼֳĹΣ˵ʲôɫ͸¶صϢóĿ¶ʡ
֪ʱ﷢֣޾ԭʼԪĳ£ͨصĵĲ㣬ʼչ¶صɴ
Ĳ㣬ȻҲһĿռ䣬ֻǣɱĶֻԪƺƵԭʼԪԴԴϵӿ˵Ĳ㡣
ͨĵĲ㣬ͺһ޵׶
ֻǣ޵׶վб֮ʱͨĵĲ㣬ȫԭʼԪ֮ЩԪתֱӳ
һ˲䣬ָоһѹӭҪȥ
ˡ
һУɵͨ۳Σһֱ̧֣ӽɵͨԭʼԪ

ԭֻҪһԣûףɵɵͨԭʼԪɽȥףԼĶˡ
ͨԱˣúó԰ɡ
ɴһߣ֮⾳Ƭ
֮⾳ƬʺԼģӵһصھأУֻˣһءصķ֮ƬҲС
ЩСƹҲߵµƬУѰģҲʺġ
ԣڷ֮⾳ͷ֮ϵĸط֮֮ǰûκѹ
ֻϧĵ̫رﵶ֮⾳Ƭ࣬ȴûʺԼġ
ƣֻܿԼ
ﻹûط֮⾳Ƭ͸ͷ֣ɵͨҲԱˣĿһֻһۣͷ˷ɵͨı仯
ɵͨĵһͼơ
ͼƣ֣һͼڡ
﻽ѪͨԭʼԪ󣬾Ϳʼоɵֻͨǣԣַɵͨûκα仯
ϵͼƣѵֻģ
Щʧֽɵͨ
֮⾳
ûãʹ˳ĶУ̧ͷխĹԪռ䣬СѪͨĿɿڴ
ڵѪͨϵÿһƬѪɫۣһͼƣͼƺͷɵͨϵһģһ֪ʲôͼڡ
ܿ죬ҲʶѪͨɵͨһһûκα仯
ͨΪûЩͼƣֻˣһɱ䣬˵Ĳ㡭ͨĵĲ㣬ԭʼԪͻƵ侳һΪá
ϣ¶Цݡ
Ժ嫳ԼԭʼԪҲٵֿͨȴԼͳȥ
ܿ죬ԸԳ˹Ԫռ䡣
ٴγڵٴμҡ޺ֻۡǣڵ޺ۣųĿ⣬ż־ȡ
ˣ˶ã
ڹԪռ棬ûҹ֣֪֮˶á
ꡣ
޺̾ϢһɨȻһ㣬ͻƵ˵侳أ
ꣿ
סˣȫû뵽ԼȻڹԪռڴôãﻹǵãǰλ˵ʮǰҲֻڹԪռڼ˽¡

ͻȻ޺۵ɫ
ţ
ﱻ޺۸Ⱦݼ˼ࡣ
ĸº󣬱ǵߵټŵӼǵӣʱϣ뿪ҡǵģǵܵõԴԱҡҪáңǿ߸ֻ࣬£Ը
޺һ˵ôһƼǵ
³ﲻԸȥһ㡣
Цˣ޺ЩĪ
ˣ㲻ǵҲԸȥǵɣʡ
޺۱˵˼ü䣬͸¶һ˿Ρ
ˣʵҼҡҪĿģΪܽǵЦ
ţ
޺һĿ⼫临ӣֻΪ˼ǵΪβѡ
Ȼ޺۲Ըʤҡʢ֮˿ȷʵˣЩҡһֱڱݺݵѹơ
Ҫǵ侳ڵӵ
ȥǡ
ԣ˫һʱǿ˵һĻ̲סһѻûһһ޺ۡ
޺̲꣬סЦˣô˵ǱƳȥġ
ǡ
ͷ
⣬ⰡΣҵҪлԨ֪Ҫֱ֮ʱ򣬻ʲô顣
޺뵽ʲôЦͺܾûЦһ㡣
ˣлԨǣ
ɻʵ
޺۵һЦлԨҲұ޵С
˵޺۵ϣٲȻһɱ֮⡣


378 Ѫ
ɱ֮⣬䲻ԳǸѹ
ܿ죬޺ϵϢ΢ЦʣȤҡµġѪȥ
Ѫ
һ㶣ǵãҡֻϵͿ˵
ߵ֮⣬һѪ
·𿴳˳ɻ޺۽͵ѪҡǰһλҡУϣҲǽһЩ̵̶ӣʵϣҡĽ棡ѪڵӣҪô̶ӣڵӵĽӣҪôȥڵӻ͵̶ӡտʼҪǵ侳߽ڵ֮ö֮ҲγǺҡ侳ڵ֮
˵޺мżЦ⣺ûȤɱڵӣƴԵõĹ׵㣬ɱڵãһй㡣
޺˵Щﻹûҡʱš
ˣղ˵ڵӡ侳ڵӣǷ룿ʡ
ᣬǵµĹأߵ֮侳֮˲ò룬ɷġңڵӳл̶ӣǽҡڵӻ͵̶ӣɳǿӣҡ侳֮˲֣ǿ߻֡ҡҲһ㣬ǿС
޺˵ȻûȤ㵱û˵úϢ¡ºȥǵ
һЦˣҪѪƺҪͨڵӿ˰ɣ
ֻҪû侳߲֣ôûȤ
գĿ˳Ͼ֮⣬ͰԷݣպҪǸ˳Ϻڡ
޺һЦڵʵڵӿˣֻһʽڴҵػȥ׿ҿͣȥڵƣ˺ֱȥҡѪɡ
޺̧֣һöֱӳ
ӹ棬ƿʶޣҲûκ֣Ȼ޺˵׿϶ϵá
ˣˡ
޺ȥ
޺۵ͷڳ뿪һֱػߵϾǸһϮ۵ˣ£ػڳߣֻҪû侳߶ᡣ侳֣߳ɱ
³һɱʱ޺۵ϣ¶ֱ塣
ǣˡ
˵ͷһһ磬ֱȥ
ҪȥѪ
׿ۿֳ޺۵˵Եɣüͷ̲סͬʱԾɨڳϡ
ʱüͷ˲չЦСӣһνԪռ䣬ջܴ󡭡˶ã
ꡣ
ʵ˵
׿ԣһؿ˳һۣﰵһС
ȻһΪ˵侳أ侳֮£Ҳ˻Ķ֡򲻿ԴڵУں⾳⾳̤֮֮ˡ
׿˵
׿ȡڵƺͷڴ﷢֣ϴγ𳼳ϴһطΪ֮һǸϺΡ
ϺεȻϳ˳һ͡
ǰ֮ˣǰʱȡ߼ƺͷΣȴڵƺͷΡ
Ҫһ㣬һг𳼳ͬѾȡ
һΣɴϺθоԼЩѸ٣þƽ
ϺΣϴγһ׵£߻ĵİɣ
˫ۣϺΣһЦʵ
ϺԣæЦ治֪ȥ鷳֪ҿ϶˵
ϺΣͣҲøĸˡ
׿ȻҲϵϺΣϺһֶۣԳ˵¾˰ɣϺ츳һ㣬ҲΪ˺ܴĹףһȢһ˻ңǻġ͡ţϴε£ûж⡣
ͷҲûٺϻƼƽϡ
ȡڵƣһڵӷκ󣬳Լӵĸۡȥ
뿪֮ǰҪ˵һ
СƹҪϡ
Դ񡣡
ҵڸۡǰԺƺɹ̫ĿɳʱҪ뿪ҡһ󡣡
ȥģҸȥɳʡ
ȥҡǣҡµġѪ˵
ɳԣɫʱ£ôȥǸطѵΪ
֮䣬ɳɨ̲ͫס𣺡ء䡭侳أ
ͷģżҲȥ¡£֪ͨһʦ֡ʦֺ͸ʯ
Ҳ͵ˡ
ɳͷҲ֪ʲôʱ׷ҿҡڶŰ
ҡҡͷﲻԴģʽĿɳԼĸۡСƹϣֱ뿪ҡǰҡǡ
Сӣڵʵǳˡ
СƹԳ˵һҲûвˣ˵˵Ԫռʲôģ
Ԫռ䣬СƹǰߡǰҲֻ˵ȥڹԪռ䣬һֱ档
Ԫռ䣬ҲһСռ䣬һУ֮ͨ⣬֮ԭʼԪԪռ䡣ֻҪ˵
ǿߵֶΣǷ˼ƾ֮ͨͨԪ
Сƹֻ̾ϧԵԪռ䣬ҪȻҵʵҲܵõѸߣҪСӵʱýͨд󲿷ֶ԰֮ĸҲ䵽㡣
Сƹˣһۣýͨҵ类һռˡУ㵱İ֮û취ָ𣿡
Сƹҡͷܣ֮ӵʱͨȻھͻɢˣ޵⾳ҲǱҵɱ¾塣
ƣ١δӹԪռǴһЩö
һЦ
ʲôöСƹɫ˫ͫһû뵽ﻹܴӹԪռԪռĶ϶򵥡
ȵҡǡѪ˵
˸ӣСƹٶȲɿСӣ㣬һ侳ߣٶȻûһֻ߼죡
ҡǣ˳Ż׿ԼķҵˡѪ
Ѫһ޴ĹһޣҡǱߵһ䣬ΧĽֵΪȻƽʱ˻ᵽ
Ѫųû⡣
Сƹֱӿ粽롣
粽ȥһ˲䣬͸оһѪԼ
Щ㲻ǿ
ߣ
ܵôòӭӣͺһŰ˲ЩײһֱӽǱˡ


379 ľ
ʲôˣ
Щ̽˺һ洫
ܿ죬Ϳˣһ׳ԼĪʮң·Яһɺֻ֮ǣԷĿ⣬ơ
ᣬһΪ侳ءԼЩ궼ȥˡ
׳һ˳׳Ͳࡣ
λѪĵӣҵڵƣﻹҡ˵
΢Ц˵
ĵӣ㡭ѵǸ
һۣ·˹һ㣺ֻǣŸǰںȺղһսǲŵ侳ѵһιԪռ䣬Ϊʹӵ侳أ絽侳ˣ
¶Цû뵽꾹ȻʶԼֻˣƺƲණ
ǳ
׳ɫ˼֣ʡ
ٰ
ͷһЦ
ҽнѪӡ׳Լ
ҽнҲԳ΢΢һЦãȻܽԪռ䣬ǿһĵطˣ侳ʱɱղ壬һΪ˵侳أѪУûĶˡ

ǷʲôͺһֻǣѾˡ

ڽڵɲǣһɿµϢź嫵ĵ֮һɫâֱӶĿֱָ
ڳɫһϵ֮ХħжһħʱĶߣһըװɱҵʦܣ
ɱʦܣ
һ룬Ųħں⾳𣬻һ޴ħӭ˳ɫâ
䣡
һͽԷĽâ飬ħ£ҪնѪǰԺĵʱһħӦ顣
ʱԶ߳һ꣬һɫ԰ס
ͽԭأѪ侳صڵУʵŽǰеġһӲ¡
ңղʩչôµĹܼʱ֣ɴ˿ɼղʩչֶΣȫ
ʲôˣ
üꡣ
һ㡣Įɨ˳һۣתȥͷҲء
üͷøˡ
⣬ѪϵġӡرǣʦУ㣬ǻЩ١һЦڷֳǿʵĿ⣬ȫͬˡ
ʲôطǿܵ𾴡
ʦܣѵǡ
ʲôʱ˵ʦܾղ塣
˿Ȼ
ģղԾǩսģȻ㣬ȴҲҲĶ֡Ц
ҸյѪҪʲôʡ

ֳ˼飬һԵĽҲԳһЦȥ֪ͨѪĵˡ
Ѫе
Щȡ
ѪǼԼϢ󣬳ﱻֵѪеһۡۡһǣҲ
鷳ˡ
ȥʱлнİæôϢ
ĵĻԺסһµʦֵܣҪʲôҪæҡ
ȥǰôһ仰
ѪˣҲͦġ
¶һ˿Цݣ˸ۡ
Сӣҿڰͽأҿע⵽ˣı仯չֳʵſʼġСƹԳ˵ѳ
ˣСĸǽж
ڸۡһס£䵹ҲɾԾ˴ɨ
СӣӹԪռʲôö
Сƹ˫һȻû·ϳ¡
ڴϣ˲䣬ͷ֮ϣ֣ͨܿ죬ͨһ߲⣬ֶ䣬ţͨĲ㣬ɵԪ绯Һ壬б䡣
⡭
СƹĿɿڴæԾ˳ߣ̰ЩԪСӣ㡭㾹ȻԭʼԪˣ
˵ͷҾͨĲޣЩԭʼԪûˣɱ˷ˡ
ɵӲŻ˷ѡ
˷ۣСƹſڴϣ̰žͨµԪ
ΪҲԼΪµٶš
СƹԪռڵûʲô
ԼΪѾ˵侳صٽ㣬˼ط⾳֮ĸϣص֮⾳á̡򣬽Ҳ֮ǰһѸ١
ڷ֮⾳Ľܴ

֪˶ãںԼǵãˣӦǽǸ׳
ֱ˾ͨ´ȥ
˷ţ߳ۡɻʽ𣿡
˵Ҫ㡣
ףеġˡѪĵ˵ͷ˽Ĳ
һ·ϣʣѪжһڵӣ
ԣ̾˿Ӧûʮ
ô٣
ü
˵ʮˡݵ˵ѪٵʱֻʮˡϾѪְ𣬾άҡϣڵʱܱɱԣܶڵӣΪʵҲȴԸѪϾѪʱ֮ǡ
ͷ⡣
Ǭ½ߣͬʱҲߣûˣʲôûˡ
Ƕҡһеҡӣһ㶼Ѫ
ȻҲ⣬ЩҡӣûʲôУȴһŷ֮ģϲ޾ɱ¾Լҡɸǻᡣ
Ѫһϵ󺺣ɫףһλݵĽ
·ϣӽУҲ֪Ѫľһλǿǿ֮⣬һݣҡ޺ۡʦܡ
޺ۺͽͬһʦ£ǵʦҡһ
ǳ
ľӣóĤ졣
һæľ񣺡ˡ
ӽڣѪӣʱ䣬㲻̫Ϣʱ䣬Ҹһʱ׼һ磬һ㷢񡣡
ľûжϻһ仰󣬾̧֣ȥɡ
ǣˡ
תȥԲµҡ޺۹ѾȻľλֻ֪Ѫ¡
ȥһľϸֳЦݣȤСһʦһΣǸһݴ񡣹
ľЦ⣬ͷѹ֡
ҡ棬һֱ·磬Ѫӣÿһʱ䣬ȥ
ΪѪľֻܸɿţΪͱúܡ
ĵԴĵ׸еܡ


380 Ԫͨ
ʦֵĻ˵һС
ʮ꣬һΪǿԽ׶ԵУ侳ʱɱ侳ص˫ͨӵߡ
ЩңϾǱˡ
Сӣͻˡ
ص֮ۡУСƹԳ˵
ϲЦ
ǹԪռеԭʼԪټͨһ߲⣬ٶȣ졣Сƹ̾Խ˽ԽǺȻ
ƣҾˡ
˵
СƹȻ֪еġʲô˫һҸһȥ
ͷ㡣
գӸۡУӭѪľľһ̧֣һźֽţӶ˳棬ȡĿƣɣɵõӦĹ׵㡣һûգѰұĵ֡
ֲᣬҡ֮ġϷ򡯡
˵꣬ľȥˡ
Ŀ⣬еֽϡ
侳ڵӣڽ磬һ̶֧ӣ;ɽɱһˣ׵ǧɱˣ׵ǧ
Ŀ⣬˳ֽϵ֣¡
棬һŴֲڵĵͼǺҡΪԹˡɽڡ
ɽλǺҡмһ
û뵽׵ô࡭
Щȣ漴ȻˣѪĵ׬ȡ׵㣬һ̶ϣǵѪӣһܾ
մջҲ
Ϸ򣿡
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬һֲϡ
һĿһǸֵЦݣϷֱϷ
ɽӰطƽʱ˾Ϥ˶֪طѾΪҡӺɱҪս֮һ
ÿһʱ䣬ӻҡӣỤ̶Ӿط
ҡһֱè׽ϷϷĴۣһ㾫Ӣӵ
գһ㣬ɽһͷһ̶ӣƺƵڣʮˡ
ֻǣЩ̶֮ˣƫƧɽƽ·һ㶼Ļһ㡣ֻǰͲ̶֧͵Ļﱣס
һ̻ᣬõ˫⳥
ʦ֣˵ɽɱʦܵģѪġҹƣκܿ
̶ӵϿգʮӣ̤նУһˣ֮˵
ʵҡѪŽǰУֻǣҳ֣ҡ˽ܡҪ
һԳơ˽ܡӣ˿УʦܣһΣֻһˣ֡
ǣʦ֡
æͷ¶Цݡ
֪֮ԼǶ֣Ҳֻλ˽ʦ֣ʵ⣬ɱ
ΣԼվһԿϷˡ

ͻȻԶ߿֮ϣϢϯ䡣
ˣѵ˰֣
һʱϢ˽ܣüͷһƣ˰֣գ˽ҲҪ£ʦܣңһ˾ֻҪʮҶնɱ
ʦ֣
ʱĿ⣬ԶƲ֮ϣӰ׹¡
һߣһֻ
ɫС
ߣһϮҡڵӷΣȻҡɳԸǵˡ
һֻСֻ̽ףܳֻޣȻΪ
ֵһһǳСƹ
һ··ʱ֣ϵɽҲҵһεĿ
ҡСӣ˽ܣֻܹԼù
ڵӡ˽ܡ̤նϵ֮ͷ֮ϣһɫӰ֣ŷȣڰ뿪֮䡣

һӷ⣬
ݣ
У֣ͨΪһ壬âӶ֮⾳Х
˵Ŀֱָ꣬Сƹ
ƣýļһｻˡ
Сƹ˵һ̤նֱ˽ܵڡ
˽ڣ˫Ʋĳһӡ̺ź嫵֮⾳Х䣬
Ŀһϵ֮ħ˸˲ɽ绯һħ
ˡ
ڳ֮һħħ֮ϣħۣħ죡
ԴΪͻƵ侳߽ϣʹһΪ磬ãԺԲơ
ϾĴڣΪ˰չֳȫ
侳߽ϵߣһһͿ۵£㲻ԼչֳĹҲû̫Ӱ졣
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ħϵħ˲ɾŲ㣬ħΧĿ·𶼱ħա
ں⾳ħ̧֣ħӭ˺ХһӡЩӡڣ·Ҫһ棬ͽﳹ׺ɱһ㡣
ߣĿһ䡣

ֻǣܿ죬ɫˣΪֶԷ츳ͨһУſת˲͵ͷһź󴫵ݶ壬ڵĵ֮˲ͣ
Ҫѹҵĵ֮
ϣ¶һĨЦڵĵ֮˲һ𣬵ɾŲ㣬ǹѹֱ֮ӱѹȥ
䣡
һը죬ͷ츳ͨ˲
ܡ
⣬˽ܲŵؿһĻ
ġԪͨȻˣҪ֪е侳ڵУԪ֮ͨˣҲᳬʮˡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

˽ֻƬ̣ͺȻط֣Էˡ
Էĵħħħ̶֮ĺХһӡֻҪħ˲ͱ֧顣
ۿħת˲͵ǰ˽ܽһæˡ
ת˲֮䣬ͻȻ֣ǰħˣ⣬ֻüһ󴩹Լŵİħ
áÿ졣
¼Ѫһ˫ͫ˽ܣվ׹¡
еħɢգ׹£ֱȡ˽ָܵƣſСƹһӵĽս
ӣǱޱȣлӳ棬
ֻǣСƹҲù
ƣ̫ˣҪҪҰ㡣̤նȡЦ
˽ʦ֣
ⱾͿĶֻǰ˼ÿһη·ϵȻ޴֡
żץסᣬԷоյض
ҡӵʶ˹ȥͫһ˽ʦˣôܣ
ˣˡ
ʱֺȻطֻ֣Сƹģİ˼ͷ֮ϣֳһɫ󹷵Ӱɫ󹷼Ӵݡ
ʼգֻ˼ûù츳ͨ


381 л
𡪡
ƵͷӰ֣Ѫſ
ֻһڣµӡ⡱Ŀ¶־壬ֱӱӰ̵ˡ
Ӱɢ߿֮ϣֻʣһöָһڵơ
öָСƹ̤ն䡣
ʱ̶ʮˣͿˣǿޱȵӣת֮ͱһһɱˣǻǵһμô뺷ҡӡ
֪ذɣ
ɨЩ̶֮һۣ￪ˡ
֪֪֪
Ϊ֮ˣæͷһ£»뿪ˡ
ʱȡһöճָеĻﶼݡϷ򡱣ÿһζĻѪϡ̶ȣһĹ׵㽱
ǧ׵㵽֡
˿еƣĿһСƹ뿪ɽҡȥˡ
ȥ󣬸߿֮ϣһվɫࣺҡʲôʱôһڵӣƺû˵ϡߵֻ˼ʹ˵еġޡƣ
ˣԾǿߡ
ڵӺ棬ҡΥǿߡ
ҡûΥ棬Ҳֻܿӱɱ
³Ԫǲ˼
ܿ죬Զ֮һӰ̤տǿߣ΢΢һЦһü
ˣҡѪǿߣһ·βСƹ
ۿ˳ֶΡ
Żӣٵ⣬Ժӻš
ǿߡ³Ԫλҡǿߣֱȥ
ŻӹһЦܿ죬Ŀں治Զ׷βڳСƹˣ棬˺ܿСһȻ
˵˵Żӣܳ¡
ס
ŻԣɫҲ
صҡѪŹ׿϶ǧٵ㹱׵㣬¶Цݣ⹱׵Ҳ̫ˡ
ѪУҲѹ׵ĵط
ù׵㹺ҩ似ȵȡ
ѪһȡҩĴУﻨһЩ׵㣬һЩ󻹵һö侳ΪĵҩƺĿ⣬档
Щȥڳ䱦ͨ߼˲֪٣ǿ侳侳ΪһЩ츳ͨ
СӣҪ
ƵĿ⣬˿Ϊϡ
￴һ±ۣǧ׵㣡
֮ǰö侳ΪĵҩҲٹ׵㡣
Щ侳ΪĵҩڵĳԣûʲôãǶ԰˼СƹȴǷȻЩۣﻹˬؽСƹҪĶ
ϾСƹͻƵżԣҲһ
Сл
ܿ죬СƹǷ´½ĿⶢŲԶһö
ܸоСƹʱļ
СӣöлҪСƹмżּ١
ü
öлֵ׵㡣
ʱһˣ˹ԷϵķΣҲҡڵӣܵλʦ֣лһּΪϡҲֻһöлһ£꣬⾳֮֮кܴá
ͷѹô
ߣСӣйлߵİ΢΢Ҳ꼻һ֣ң֮ǻº֢һ㣬ֻҪЩʶ߶
СƹĴڳߴмڶԷƳһ
ƣڷûʶ
öлдãʡ
Ȼ԰һָֻ꣬ˣлҾʩչ˱ͨҲҪϢ̫ãٴζñͨ
Сƹص
ıͨÿһʩչ󣬶һڣ֮Ҫָһٽ㣬ٴʩչ
ԣƽʱʩչͨ
һΣǸʩչ˱ͨҪٹʱ䣬ٴʩչ
лʱ̡ܴ
öлҿԤô￴ղлҡӡ
ҡԣЩɣʦ֣ʱܹ֧׵㣿
Ҫ̫ãһӡ
˵
û⣬ҾȰšҡԣæͷ
ƣߡ
кСƹһֱȥѪĵľ
εɵƯ˵αɱˣ˽ܡ
ľʱЦ
˽ܣܳ𣿡һ
ľһЦ£Ҳһ׷׷Ѫ׷еڵУ˽ܣƾġԪͨŽǰ塣ã𣿡
ɫ£ˣôһˣֻô㹱׵㣬ǲе㲻
ľҡͷѪԹˣΪ׷ɳӽǿͶ׵㡭Ͼÿ˵ʵβ룬üƽϡ
ҲͿЦ
˵⣺ˣܽ׵𣿡
׵㣿Ҫʲô
ľԣЩȡ
һл˵
ľüлʱ⾳֮ĸ򣬿һҩЧȥٻһЩ֢ȰòҪá
ˣԼҪã顣￴һ۽űߵСƹ˵
ľ˿ޣꡭĹ׿ң׵㣬ѪڿҪҡ
һ
ΣľԼ˲ɡ
ľҪ׵㣬ٴλصԹ׵㻻ȡҩĴ֮С
ֻǣղдҡӣһҡڼۡ
߽ǵĶԻҲ˳ĶС
ϻʦ֣öлһλʦԤˣ˵һӺһδܼʱұ㽫۸㣬Σ
֮ǰдҡ˵
Ŀһû뵽˿л
ͻȻֻоһǿ紵һɫ磬ֱǸΪϻ񡯵ҡӣļϣһ˻Ƶϻ㲻˵ѪУκ˶Ҫ㼸ֱһ侳صСӣ͸Ҳ㣬ûǲҪһءڷɽȥɽ
ʲôޣ
ſϻϵޣһֻޣһֻǿĵͨīÿһȾһĹ⵶
ͷͻһ飬ͺЩƣֲͺա
ҲظѪУǵˣҲҪϻ񼸷ֱ棬һӵĵӣҲң
ϻ񱻼ϵķݵһʱȵ
ϻʦ֣㲻ҪΪңһʱ䣬Ҳֻʣ¼ʮˡţʦ֣ˡ
̨ҡӣһɫܿ죬ͷ߽ĳ


382 սϻ
ҡӾͺǿ˾ǡ
켱ÿ޳ˡ
ǰȡ˹׿׵㣬лҡ
ǣǡ
ҡӣڳ׵æлݸ˳
ݹȥ˲䣬ϻϵķݵˣɫֱл
һֻͺëҲҸ
ͬʱһɫӳɫװһ˲䣬ɢһɿµʼ
ӹлֱָ
ʱСƹ˫һɣ˹̨ϣĴ˫ᣬڿеķݵš
λʦ֣ǱҡĹأʲô𻵣ǽȫȨ𣡡类ŵɫɷ׵ҡӣæ˵
Ϻڣǵǡ
ϻĿ⣬ɨŷݵֱ뿪˴
˿壬Сƹȥ
ֻʣǸҡӣظ˿
֮⣬ϻͷݵСƹţϻ񵭵˳һۣǰû㣬ģ
лֱ˵ҲϲĨǣҵʱܱ󡣡
ޱƽ
ˬ죡
ϻ˵лתøңҸ׵㣬Σ
ϻԼĵ׵㣬御ˣΪҡƣֱɱԽˡ
Ǹ
ҡͷתߡ
Сƹ̧ͷƳһֻݵͺëԺ۾㣬ǱߣҪȻСı߽һëˣ
ơ
üһֻԷɲʲôӡ

ݵ˺ʣѪ
ͬʱ˺ɫ磬ֱСƹڣ磬֮˫֮䡣
ʱ˫ͦ绯һļ⵶
ˣˣˣˣˣ

⵶֮˺
СƹҲǳصģȻʱ޷ñͨޱһʵ˿ֻݵ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µ˲ӿѪߵԺȴǱһ۵Ŀ
һʱ䣬һֻޡһֻݣսƾУ
ʱѪӣΧһţжʮˣռѪеӵһ룬ǿǰļսĿɿڴ
ѪУʲôʱ

ȺУͽҲڣһ۾ϳ˳ǵĿ⣬ںɫϣݺ˿ĭ
ֻ󹷣ǳߵֻСƹ
ǳ
ɱʦղǸ
Ե侳Ϊɱ侳صղĳ

ͽһڣʣµѪӵע˵ϡ
ֻܵͷ
һʱ䣬ЩѪӵӳɲǼ䣬˷侳أ
˵侳أôܣ
ʲôܵģˣǴӹԪռˡ
Ԫռ䣬Ȼ紫һ档
ѹյѪ͸Һϻʦֽа壬ԭǸ

ֶʮɨʱüͷѾ𣬵Щ˺ܿջҲûĿ˳УĿСƹֻݵһս
ݵǾżһʱ䣬ȴԻСƹ
Ԫռ䣿
ûз֣ϻѪӵۺɫһ
ΪѪǿڵӣϻԼĽѡѪΪҡͷ­ѪյĿģΪˡԪռ䡱
ҡһУһܳңټѪΪҡĹףԪռ䣬ġ
θϻ׼ȡԪռ䡣
˵վǰӣѾԪռˣֻоеĳȻʧ䡣
ɲǼ䣬˫һ̧𣬵֮һǹǹ׼ݵսСƹһǹ綾ֱӶ
ಣ
һǹ̺ſµ⾳֮Ѹ磬鶯СƹУҲУ
Сģ
һֱϻϻɲǣҲˣƵľŲ֮˲仯ħħ˸ӭϻһǹ
䡪
ž޵ħӭ綾ĳǹǿǿཻµֱӽСƹͷݵֿ
һɲǣħͳǹͬʱɢ
ϻ񣬼ͬһʱ䣬˼

ϻ߲ͬʱղǹ֣ѿɭȻѪҺ
ں⾳
ﾪȵؿϻһۣϻһǹƼ򵥣ȴ̺ں⾳Զں⾳ǿ
ħɾŲ㣬ղϻһǹ׾پħ
ôܡ
ϻסˣôҲû뵽Ѫ˿¡
ϻߵķݵҲסˡ
ǰϻУűϻշ񿴵ϻ񶼰ˣ׷ˣٶСƹ֡
ƣߡ
ﵭɨϻһۣ˵
ɫڳĿ֮£һɫСؽƨɶŷݵһʾһ߸˳
񿴵һĻѪӣȴһ˷Ц
ǵɫˡ
ȻϻûȫʩΪԣʤϻһ
Ƕо˼飬ѪڵӵһˣռѪڵӡ
Ԫռ䣬Ͼֻһʮˡ
ϻ񶼱ˡ
һ۵Ľ䣬ѪľԼŻӡҲɶݡ
ΣҡǳһС̬
ľЦ
ŻΪȻͷ
ʲôˣ
ϻԽܣղһǹû츳ͨȫʩΪ
ɻǱԷʤһ
ԷͨҲˣǶԷҲûͨ
ܿ죬ϻʹһЩѪӿУ֪˳֮ǰҡ£ҡꣿʮꣿ
ڣƺЩ⣬ΪҪԪռĻ͸
츳Զʤ
ֻǣһ̣ĻŤ츳Щҡûʲôס
ϻ񣬽Ϊҡͷ­ѪڵӣûһҲмʮ
õʲô

ڸۡǰԺĲƺϣϻͻȻЦ˳ȥЦЦ÷
գһϢѪˡ
ϻ˳Ѫ˳ҡ
ϻĿˣ츳ʵԼҡĹףպȻҡΪ
ѪľҲֹϻ뿪Ҫϻ
ϻ񣬶Ѫԣ̫Ҫˡ
ˣϻл⼸չˣֻǣѪѾҪˡ
ϻ˵ƺ¶˾ġ
Ϊ
ľüϻº󣬳ͻ뿪ҡǵȥ
ˡ
ϻľĻ˵ãϻּ˲ҪĶ𣿡


383 ׼Ҷ
ľҲʶԼȰϻ񣬵˵ͷҪ뿪ѡҡҲѡ񡣡
ҡͬš
ҡӣžԵɣȻҡĸԴЩԼĸġ
һԴҪԼȥƴ
ԣϻҪ뿪ҡûκ
ϻ𣿻ãҵӰ£ܴˣ
ϻҪ뿪ϢҲЩȣ뵽ҡ޺ۺѪϻԼչˣǾ棬Ϊҡϻ
Ͼ֮ǰϻ˵Ѫڵеġꡱ
ѪҪҡҪ
ºҪ뿪ҡ

һ֣ôһ䳰ȷĻľһ㶣漴ӦǸЦ⣬תֱȥ
˵ʲô㣿
ϻķ̣ɫһҳʵǿΣϻᳬ㣡˹Ԫռ䣬ܺϻȣ
Цˣ˵ˣҽ˹Ԫռ䣬Ĵܴ󰡡˵һֱ㶼ΪνԪռĻȻģ𣿡
˵£ϻһĸ˵ôģЩ㡣
Ҳ˭ôģβ룬㵽ԽУΪԪռĻһġΪҡĸΪΪѪȡҫβ룬ɱÿһʱõ˶ٹ׵㣬Щ׵ʲôҡǷ㣬ԶǷ
ĮɨϻһۣڹԪռ䣬ǵˣվڵ˵ĽǶһ룬վҡĽǶһ룬Һʣʡ۹⣬ҪųԶ
ҽո˵ô࣬Ҳû˼ֻѣҡôãѵһ鶼ûУ˵㸸ҲҡڵеһԱУɱ㣬ڵ㣬ǷѾ˽ͷǷѾҡĳԣ
˵仰ﲻϻתߣԼúɡ
ʱ˿
ģˡ
ȥϻԼ޷
СӣźǼһｻ֣
Сƹĳ
ҡͷƣҲڰҡܱҡҪá֮ܶҲǾ¡ףлȻ˯
ڳСƹûʲôÿһǷڵú˯һ
ڣȻһ˯ⶼûС
СƹԣһСӣл֮ˬҹ˯û⡣
ԣɫ£Ͳƶ˯Ҳ徲һЩ
Ѫľţҵ˳ն㣬ȻѪͽʧȥϻˡ
ϻҵԼʱľҲЩ¡
û˵ϻȴû뵽ϻˣһ׿Ǹˡ
о˼ͬʱҲò
ոպϻͻվȻ˵ϻ¡
ϻ˵ʲô
ľʵ
ҲûʲôһЩﵭһЦ
ľŹֵɨ˳һۣȻ֪û˵滰ֻǼϻ񲻿ܻ뿪Ȼﲻ˵ȻҲ׷ס
ҵõϢպڵӽٻ̶ӣͨɽҹƣϹ
뵽һ£ľԳ˵
ô˵׬ȡ׵ˣڵӻмˣ
ĿһЩ˷ܣǸծۣǷľ׵㡣
֪һˣʵڵɱ˽ܣˣҲ׷еľӢӡһˣϻһսƽճ
˵ľ
ϻƽ֣
Цˣ⵹Ȥ
ϻʵֵĳ֪ġ
һ񣬻յʱ䣬ʱ䣬ﵹǻҡڵӵķΣ˱װСƹҡйҡֵա
ҡǣҲ֣ҡеˣ󲿷ֶԭ񣬶ʢء
ЩˣһƫƧ֮
硰򡱡
򡭡
뵽򣬳̲ס˼ˣɶɶһգһҵۣΪ塣ǲȫңҲԶߣ㣬ǻ㡣
鵽Ҳʼʹ
ù
ͻȻĶߴһͺȣһۿȥֲ֪ʱܵģһ·ǰ
֮ˣǳ
ߣ
̧ͷмɨ˳һۣһ޵Ϣʱǰƥϣʱƥܵţæתͷɱ
ʱҲƥƷǱӰһһŮ
ԼĪʮ꣬ݻò㿡ݣԳ
ֻǣڿӵһʱüͷһ˫ӣ֪ΪΣܲ
ŮԼĪʮ꣬òӷţɫףܵ˲Сľȡ
ƣ
üɨһֶۣŮ΢΢һЦǸȻ
û¡
ŮӿųӢӣ΢죬ĳһΪ̤侳أϣ֪Ͷ˼ַǱѰʡ
ЩŮӶԣżɱ
΢΢ͷɨһۣƣߡ
ҵôˣǲЩʣ
ʱǸӣڿˣƫͣһѹֵĸо
عΣ
׶磬ˣѾǸˡ
ŮӶߵӵֻǣûз֣ʱӺ˫һɱһӶͬʱ
оӵĻ֪ԷҪ̽ԼʱطΪԼѹ侳ء
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣ¾ôˣ㡭ɣ
ӲΪһӸ߰Ŀɱ⣬зֺȫ
ԴˣҲΪ⡣
Ůӹһ˿󣬳ﴫˣԵĻԶ롣
뿪ɣֻ֪ǹǰϷͷ϶Ź㡭ǰ׼ҵĶүҲǰ׼ҵ˳λ̳ˣǲġ
ŮӵĴͬһʱ䣬ĶС
˼ͬʱһ̲סһЦ
ŮߵӣɫΪãߡ
Сӣ鷳ˡ
ֻ
㻹˼˵ʼվǳġ
ɨһۣϽƲԼĹϵε£ָҸƨɣԼ
ˣСӣɲȫΪƻ޵ǸƯüĿ顣
æ˵ҲԸԩͷ


384 ͷ
㲻ƻǵᷢ£
һۣɴ಻
Сֵܣղǵǰ׼Ҷү׼Ҷүҡǣǳխررǰ׼ڸôϺ͸Ǳ䱾ˡ
ǰһĴĶС
̧ͷȥȴһ·ˣ
ʼգ˶ûпһۣǲԸǻ
л˼ҡ
ﴫмȴҲˣջ˿Ŀ⡣
׼ңңѵ
뵽ʲô¶һ˿Цݣôɰɣ
׼Ҹۡ
ԭûİ׼ңԴΪʩԮ֣Ҳǻչš
ڰ׼һԺŮһ졣
ѶŮʮ˱䣬겻ղҶϲˣڿǳԽԽƯˣ㶼úء
һò绨ŮӣһŮ˵
ؽ˵Ц˭֪ҡǳ˶ǸҵүҲԵת޲һ׷󡣡һŮӣæص
˭֪Ļһ䣬ǰͻȻĬ
ؽ㣬˵𣿡ŮһǸ⡣
ûУѶ룬ֻ뵽һЩ¡
ҡҡͷ΢Ц
Ů𡰸ʯ𣬸ʯѾܶûҹˣǷڹȥǲܷ¡
ʯߵʱòͷ޲ýʯƿ
ʱˣʯûٳǰЩϰߣֿտյʧ䡣
񻹼ǵãʯ˵Ǿ仰
ãҵѡ
ڷǸʱ򣬸ʯ˵Ļһ̿ʼʯͱˣǰһ㣬ʱˡ
ĺںѰɡ
һ̾
ʵ˵Ƿڳɱղһͺˣ۹⣬Զ縵ʯ
һ̣زʶ֪֮䣬Ѿ˸ʯ
֪ԼԶʧȥʯˡ
Կڡ
ֻǣ߰
㣬Ȼȥˡ
ߵŮվص
ŮӣؿԺһ֣üͷһ壺ʲôˣġ
㡣
ֳ֮ӣ·κʱ񣬼ֻЦ
˵ɣʲô£
ʣԼܡ׳ڡɸֻ֣ǣĸ׵ȥʱúչܵܣ㵽׷ٴĹҲ
ĸ׵ĳŵ
㣬ѵһˡ
׳Щ¡
ôȥˣĶ֣
üʡ
㣬Ҳ֪еĵ侳߲ðҳͷܵˣҲ侳߽ߡǸֻ侳ߣҴȥˣĶ֡
׳˵
ҡǣһľ¥Χľƿͣڽһһһʱж͸¶־ȡ
û뵽ڽѵ˰׼Ҷү˺󣬾ȻҼһһ㡣
ǿӸǲ֪ߵغ
Сӣ᲻
Сƹʳ
ﵭһЦǵУϡˡҵǺ棬һ侳߹
侳ߣȫʰˡ
Сƹһ㶼⡣
׼Ҷүˣ찡ǰءȻغˣǸҪùˡ
أǸүţһ仰ͿԵҵ
ضܣ̣һε£²ճˡ

ܿ죬ž¥Ų¥ڵľƿͣ˽
أ
￴߽¥ŮʱѾףĲ²ȷģǸԳư׼Ҷү׳ڡӣǰ׼ҵˣһǰص׵ܵܣ
ڳ￴ʱҲ˳Ŀ⸴ӣû뵽
һ˳ڵĳҡˣǽ˹Ԫռˣҡ˵ĿأλȻ
ûҲˣˣȻҪк
ۿںİ׳ˣﲻ⣺ô֪Ҫѵûмɣ
ܿ죬׳ڽɻ׵Ժǰָų͵㣬ߵĹƷҺֻˣǰ׼ҵˡ
׳ںӣֳֵ⣬ƺѵһĻ
￴һĻ̲סЦ⣬ЦЦؿŰء
ֱ̧֣׳ʱҲ¶־죬û뵽˹ϡ
ž
׳Ҳû뵽ĲǰؽѵһĻһĶ⣬ĽظĶ⡣
ҲһУһδ
Լܵһƺ󣬰һ޲ôȥ
ôҲû뵽ԼܵҪѵġ侳ߡǳ
ºˣк˼ˣתȥˡ
㣡
׳Щ£⣬ĽΪҪͷô
㣬Ϊʲô
׳׷ʵ
ٸңԺ£Ҳҡסǰ׼ǵģ
Į׳ڶУ׳ڴԭأþûܷӦ
ܵΧָָĿ⣬׳ڵɫ
׼ǲ𣬸ǵ˰ɣ
׳תͷʹ뿪ҡǣȥҡǡ
תʱͿԶӣ˵Цڽֵһͷ
һˣҪȥҵˡ
ʯ
Ҵү
׳ڽٶȼӿ죬ӭȥ磡
׳ڣ
ҡ֪Ѫĸʯǻɳһ
û뵽սҡǣ˰׳ڡ
ʯʶ
ɳʸʯ׳һ˫ӣ԰׳ڸûʲôӡ
ǻüͷȻͿɳһ˼
䲻òȡ֮ˣɰ׳ڵһ˫ӣǿǸоһֱ۵ĸо
ţǰصĵܵܡ
ʯͷ
صĵܵܣ
ɳˣû뵽ò绨İأôһر𡱵ĵܵܡ
׳ڣɣҸջҡǾ㡣
ʯЦ
ȻѾ˰أ׳ںϾҲʶһҲûп
ڣֻ׳ڵͨѡ
磬һҪҡ
׳һ
ţʯһôˣ
ʯԼľһ˵˵ԼҲκԼҪѵʱһߣ˵ǰ׼Ҷǲ׼ǲǸңܶԸ˰ɡ
û뵽ػôһܵܣʯ
ɳʵȻʯһͼӴףǿóʯһӵܣ档
ȻҵЩ棬ҡУʲôǰؼ˵ͷߵġ
ʯ˫һ˺档


385 ˻飡
¥֮ڣһƿͳ״͡
ǿʲô
׼ҴСأ˺󣬸Լĵܵһ⣬ͷߡ
ʱȻܲµؿ϶ʶˣң˵Ȼ䲻
һʱ䣬Ƕ
֮ܰˣʲôˡ
أɲֻǰ׼ҴСô򵥣˵ڽǰǳΪҡĸ߼ӣֻˣһʱߣԸΪһеĸҴүʯ
ңҡпһĴ
ݹ򣬸ң䲻һҲһ
Сӣ˵𣿡
Ƽڳ⣬գʳ
Ӧò˰ɡ
˵ضȻᾯ׳ڣ׳֪ݺ󣬱Ȼ鷳
Сӣɲ´ˣţôǡ
ǲʲô̧ͷ¥ſڣһ˫ɫͫף˲̡
̧ͷȥҲסˡ
ڵİ׳ڴ£ʯɳǻˣ
ǰ׳ٴΰľȱ
ɫЩŹ֡
ʯˣȻû뵽ھ¥￴׷Ŀһ²ӿ
ֻǣǵĲվԽ׳ڡ
磬
׳һ˳ǰָ˳ϣ¶ƵĵЦݡ
¥ڵľƿͣû뵽ų˸ʯ
ү
ҼΨһĶӣŵһҵ˳λ̳ˡ
һʱ䣬ֿ˳ں棬ˣǷ֮ǰһ㣬Ƶᡣ
ܿ죬Ǿͷ֣ﻹǸ飬֮⣬ϻ¶Цݡ

ʦܣ
ʯɳǻˣǰڳһ£ǻЦû뵽յҡǣͼ㡣
ǿ϶ҵĸ
ɳҪȻǵôܻôá
ǻ͸ʯԣӵؿ˿ɳһۣʯЦԴ㻹Դһ𣿡
ԴһǴչôָʯʦܳ͵ˣ
Цʡ
һһһֻ°׳һˣɵɵվһ͡
֪ʱ׳ָѾ¡
ˣ͸ʯʶҼΪ磬磬ʯǰ¶ôȻЦݡ
죬׳˵ʲô˵ڡ
뿪ƫƫ˫ź˸һ㣬ȥ
ʱһȴеġˡ
˵ܼ㣬λء
ڣɳһ˰׳ڣɨ˰׳һۣҪҲ¥Ҳ㡣
ô˵ǻҪúøлˣ
˫ۣЦ
ҺϾʶһ£ôˣΣ
ڣʯĬƬ̺󣬿˵
νʼ磺㶼ˣȻ᲻ӣֻҪպңȥ£Ҳټƽϡ
߰ɡ
ʯ˰׳һۣĿ⣬һ̣ȴüİ
׳ڣȻ˳ϡ
̵ġ
磬ҡ´ΣҰԼ
׳죬Ҳ֪ôлʯðôһ䡣
ˣȥһȱҡһȥ׼һˡ
ʯҡҡͷ˵
á
׳Ŀһʯ϶Ҫ׼ҵĸƨˡ
һ͸ʯ֮ĹϵȻػͻȥ
׳뿪󣬳üʯʣ㻹ҪȥҰأ
οḵʯˡʵҪ֮⣬ҪĻ£ȥϰ׼˻顣
ɳһЦ䣬޼ɵ
¥ɳһʱ䣬¥ڼžһڵϣܹ
˻飿
￴ʯɾˣ
ʯЦŵ˵ͷ
ΧľƿͣһĿɿڴһЩ˵ģֱӵ£һЩհһڷģҲŵϴ͡
ǶԣһذϢ
ҡڣ˭֪үʯ԰׼ҴСصĳߣȺȥҡǶòŮӣޱȼʰء
Ȼһ̣үʯͺһ˰㣬Ȼ˻顣
Ǹе˼顣
ǰǸʯ
ͺһ㡣
㷹󣬸ʯųɳǻСƹ˸ҡ
ҸۡѪ˿ضá
ףλҡʶѣǳǿɳǻţֻǳĻ顣
ظҺ󣬸ʯֱȥԼĸףҼ
һٵˣƴüĿüȴǵϢ·̸Ц䣬ָ㽭ɽ
ҡǣһ
ڸֻǸүʱ򣬸ֻҡеĶʵȴҲǿơ
ΪҼŸһ·˽ز
֪һʷĿɳǻǹ񣺡
䲻֪ʷȴҲŹ
ڳ￴ѡʯĸףѵĸףĳӦõ𾴡
ãá
һƵˣһЦʯЩ꣬ûʲôѣѣҿó˶ˣÿˡ
ס
ʯͻȻ
ţɻ󣺡ʲô£
ףգҴϰ׼ȥԼʯĿ⣬ޱȼᶨ
һ㶣տʼΪԼˣ͸ʯһʶûпЦһʱ䣬̲סЦʯͨˡ֪׵仰Ѿܾˡ
˵֮ݺᡣ
ͨ
ʯһ𣬹ڵأЩТø׵ˡ
ҸĶӣҸĶӣ
ʯˣع䲻֪Ҷ򣬵ף϶йأڴ˸лλպвǲҶȫԸ
ҡǣĳŵơ޼ۡ
ҲŵɽգΪĶӣһŵǸˡ

ˣæû뵽ҼҲˡ
ڸ͵ʱҡǣըˣһУԴһ¥洫ϢһʯԳϵϢ
գʯϰ׼֮ţ׼˻飡
տʼкܶ˲ţǿ͸ʯڰǰǸܻ˻
ֻǣϢԽԽ㣬ԽԽ棬Щ˵ģҲʼҡ
ѵүʯӻͷѡڰһϵˣ
ͬʱϢĳ׼Ҹۡ£ȴǳƱ鲼
ô£
׼Ҽ˰أɫޱȡ
׼֮Իҡ㣬ΪиҳΪһֽԼڣҪ˻ˣ
ȻΪԼŮԵʣ
㣬Ϣģ
׳ڸĸ׹ɫ΢ףһġ


386 ڶ
صɫԲ԰ףڸϢʱҲ׻ֻƨһ󣬿֮ȥˣȻҪ˻顣
ȥǰֹһβһԼ
Ҫ˻Ϣ֪ΪΣȫʧ
ףԲ𡣡
ؿ׼ҼϳǸ⡣
£һԲ𡯾ܹȥģ
ɫͳ֪ǰ׼֮ԻҡǷ⣬ǰ׼ΣΪǰ׼һֽԼ͸ҵĻԼԼûˣǰ׼ң뺮̶Ҳ𣡡
֪һֱʯۿʯ壬Ҳû˵ʲôһΣȻҲ֪ʯΪͻȻˣ룬϶Ϊԭ򡣡
ؿЦԭô
֪Ϊεһ仰øʯ䡣
ض
ͻȻǰ㣬ȻԼŮǰ׿㣬ⳡԼ̬Σø˻飬Ȼ׼ҽٲ㣡
ףʲô
ػŵҲڵأǰǰĿĸף
ɵվŸʲô
غݺݵص˴İ׳һۣͺȵ
׳ԣæȥֻǣǵΪܽһʱ䣬ҲЦΡ
ض
ͳѹ֣㣬ΪԼΪ˰׼ңΪ˰׼¼ٿˣѵĿŰ׼Ҿʹû䣬ĿŰ׼Ҿʹ˻ҷ𣿡
سĬˣڲ
һ̣ʶԼȥ뷨ôɡ
֪ʱ׼Ͱ˸ҵĴϣû˸ң԰׼ҵĵ̣ãͽڡ
ʱΪҡӣǿԶ
ɰ׼أ
ĸףĵܵأ
ףȥ
ɽ
ҴӦǡ
̾˿һ˲ʧȥȫգʯҪ˻飬һ
ԣ˿ضǰ׼ǷģǷġ
۸ʯα䣬ԼŮ϶ܻܾ
ЩʯŮĳԣ
գʱ֡
׼Ҹۡӭĸ֮ͣǸʯˡ
գ㸵ʯģƣڸңûһ
ֶ
׼Ҽ˵ʯˣԳӭӣ󣬰ء׳ںͼ׼ҳϣȻڡ
ʯ԰һЦʼգĿⶼûбûпȥء
֮䣬һ̣·Ϊ·ˡ
ȻҲע⵽仯ԤС
ضء
ָʯ˼䣬ʶ˳˺ԸʯͷһЦֶСŮЩ˵
˵꣬Ű׳ںͼ׼ҳ˿
ðصԺ͸ʯӡ
ʯŰأĿƽڿһ·ˣû˿
ؿŸʯһ̵ĸʯôİô䣬ڵЩȥĸʯɳƣʯ˻飿
ʯ˵ͷ
Ը޸أ
һ˵
ã£Ѷ
ʯ˵Ѿѣο֮Ի˵ЩΪ˰׼ҡ
Щʧǵص˵ͷ
ʯֿԶİǰոʯǰȴ˻ġСֶ²ʺǧ𣬻Ϊǧѡ
˵꣬ʯתͷҲأֱ뿪
ɳǻһۣ¶û뵽ʯôɴ࣬Ҳȥ
һɲǣ׼ҸۡǰԺѹֵա
Ұ׼ңҰ׼ҡ
У̾Ϣʯľģˡ
ղһ̣ڸʯϣ·𿴵˸ҼӰӣǸҡУͶ䣬ͿɷƸ
ڵĸʯǹȥǸŮ鳤Сӡ
ʯû뵽ôɴ࣬ؿǶ˵Ը޸ˡ
뿪׼Һ󣬿ɳ˸ʯһۣЦǸȻƷһ㣬ôҲһӣľôˣ
ѡһ֮䣬ͺ޹ϸˡ
ʯҡͷЦֻǣĻÿɳǻһãȻΨг׸ʯҪ˼
֪ǱһҾ¥Ʋˡˡرóԣǹȥ
ʯڣóĸȤ
ʱ䣬Ｘڸңպƣ뿪˸ңѪҵ˵ľˣ
ľԳͷһֽ̧֣ŷӶ
ͬ
סһĿ֡
ͬͨһ㣬ȴں⾳ʵϻԶǰɱ˽ܱȣ˽ܵʵ࿿츳ͨ
ľѳ
ͷʾףתȥɫҴҡ
ɽտޱȣƵʱûз̶ӵ٣տʼǻΪ̶ӻûֱԶϢ£ǲʶԷ̶һˡ
ɱ˽ܣ
һӰȣת˲͵˳ǰԶų
ţоԼͺ񱻶߶һ㡣

һҲųֻ֣ǣǰߣȻ˵սӣܿڽպͳһսΪڴ
˽ܣ˵ľǸ츳ͨŵˣ
Щȣʵ
ղſѯʳӣһ飬ҡļһȻ˵˽ġԪͨͨ
ͬ
Ŀ⣬һֱû˵ϡ
˿Ŀƽƽı󣬰ӿ
䡪
ը֮ȴͬߵĵˣһ֣֣ͨȭͷΧɫƣȭʱ̺һȭ绯˺ֱӳ
𡪡
·ϵĳ֣һ𣬰һͺޱ壬ѪſһھͽĹȥ
ֻ޵ޡ
Ŀ⣬תƵƵϣкⱩǣҵҪֻǰ˼εޣҶ
һ䣬̤ն֮ȫ֮ͨ⾳ȫʩΪһȭһȭʯ쾪˷۶ơ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һȭÿըһȭһȭֹһɲǼ䣬ɽ·𶼱ĳ
𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡺

ԵǿƣҲѪ֮Уӿȵ߲ܣ˵һ
ֻǣأ嶯ҡ
ΧɫƣЩԴڵ
ƣǿ
üơ
𡪡
ڳﻰһʱƿУӿֱ֮Ӷ֮Ĺȫݻ٣
ƿ³ǵ֮ǰĹȫһչֳ
ӣ
ޣ


387 ں⾳
磬㿪ƿ³ɫѿЩԭ
³ĺɫëԲղŵһԣȻҲһָɡ
㻹𣿡
мһЦٴγȭ졣
ԣڵƣǿ̵Ͼǵ侳ߣʵʤһΣղµѾΪĸɡ
㲻̣Ҳ㣡
֮һɫ⣬̺һ⾳֮⾳ֱӶ
ÿһɫ⣬Եµһȭ
һֻ˼ʵ
Խ򣬵Խľ

ʱһֱڶŵĳͬˣõһ㣬ͬʱˡ
Уħ֣Ųħ˸£֮⾳ֵͬʱɫɫħһԵЩ졣
ͬϣҲһ֮ĳɫĹΣ̺ȵϢתڵ֮УͬʱһɫĹΣɫڣ໥ӳġ
ˮڣ
̲סͬں⾳Ȼˮ֮⾳ͻ֮⾳ںϣ˲˼顣
˭֪ˮݣͬȴߵ⾳ںһ
ˡ
ͬˣˮں⾳۵һŰĵ֮꼻һ֣ת˲ڳͷⱩǣֶ¡
ͣͣͣͣͣ

쵶⣬Ӱһ棬һǼ١
ˡ
Ҳˣħ񾪣
쵶Уҵʵʵһӭȥһ˲䣬˾˸ӲӲ
µˣཻ֮ݶ˼ͬһʱ䣬෴ķߡףͨʮס
˿ƾУʵռϷ硣
ʵȷʵܺϻȡ
￴ͬ˵
ϻ񡭡
ͬѵÿڣ˳һۣҲ֡
ţڳһʱ֣ͬͷ֮ϣˮ˫ֱֳͨˮں⾳һΧɢһȦȦ
Ҫʲô
﷢֣һ̣ͬϵս⣬Ȼ޴棬Ҫʲô
Сӣˮں⾳ôƣֹ
ʱƱȵڳߴ
Ŀһƣ
ˡ
ûκγɣеħŲħըں⾳۶ֱͬ
ǻټġ
ͬڳߴţڳħӹ֮ǰ壬ʧС͵ĴУʧҲ
Цû뵽ͬòôƣת˲֮Ͳúˡ
Сӣæ
кҲͬ뿪ˡ
ֱӵ
ʱҲͬˣɫһ䣬ﻹս⣬ʱҲߡ
ֻǣٶαȵϳ
ųеħ£
ϧˣͬˡ
ҡͷͬһߣҲζֻܵõǧ׵㣬ǷѪľ׵㣬ʱܻ塣
ƣıͨûָ
뵽ʲôʡ
ϻҪȻˡ»Сƹģ˷ۣӵɨ˳һۡ
㲻Ƿлʡ
лҩЧǿҵıͨϾƣҪָӦûҪ졣
˵˵ϴñ̵ͨǵ侳ߣҵıͨԣǸɡ˵ҪϽͻƵżʱգҾ̵һ侳ߣ
侳ߣںһ⾳ǿ㻹̵𣿡
ʡ
˵ڣǸߵͬʵҵı̵ͨϾҸһΡͻƵżںһ⾳֮˾أһ̵
ưͷһ⡣
һû뵽ô̬ͬ޵У
ݺ˿ĭʣңҲ£
Ȼ޵Ŀ֮ͬУ޾ǡ񡯣
Ƶͷ
һ˲䣬ֻоͬʱЩңҺվߵģվڵǱߣֻͨԽ̵
ܿ죬˵ɵͨٶȣȫϵȻһͨǰ֣ҲδؾͲֹңɱҡ
ԣеĺ⻺˼֡
ô˵ֻҪٶȹ죬Ӧ죬пܻܡɱͬ޵ġ
ʣԼȫʩΪɵͨٶȣ侳֮£̫ܻܳң⻹ļޡ
ķ֮⾳кܴռ䡣
Ǹ̶Ӧǰ档
СҲ⣬ծ۵ĳ׬ȡ׵ĻᣬСƹɽǰߣڿ̶ӵĻ
ֻǣ̶ӵˣܵһʣҲʡ˷ѿࡣ
𣬳СƹҡǷȥ
Ȼͬˣû뵽ͬ᲼ôơ
βȥѪǿߡŻӡ֮䣬ƺЩϧ
ɽϱߣʮ⣬ͬ
ܿ죬ն𣬻صߣʦҲĶ֡
ˣǡ³Ԫ
׷󸱵֮һ
ͬĵӡ
ҿˣߣǽҡ
³ԪͷĿ⸴ӣҡӣҲ֪ǴðģҲͶʮͷһµʵĸºҡټǵǵеߵУʮµӣ˭Ķ֣
ҡǣѪ
ˣǸͬˡľ㱨
Ҷ֪ˣⲻܹ㣬յϣҲ֪ͬòôơ
ľ˵
һ̣ףڰػԼҡǿߣѾ¸ľ
ľｱʱǧ׵㣬һˣǡ
ǧ׵㣬ɱӵã׵㡭ܿ죬֪ԭˡ
ľһЦ
տʼﻹľ仰˼
ܿ죬ҡǴСһϢȻǳ˹
˵ûξɽ̶ӣҡˡ
ɲǣһ˵ڵӣеٮٮߣ˽ܺ͵
һ˵ڵӡͬԺҡϻսƽֵĴڣһζأ
ǰɣҡĵ侳ڵУܽͬƵһ
Ϣ˵ѪģӦò١
ҡֳһλ˲ڵӡ

¥䣬ʯɳǻһ𣬺ƣƷżȣǵĶߣȫЩۡ
̬
ɳ˳죬ֻ֡
ʯǻԣΪȻͷ
Ƕ֪ЩƿͿеҡڵӣǳ
û뵽սѪΪҡ˹ͣΪҡӮôҫ


388 
ҡפ֮Уҡһۣ˵ռѪΪҡˣǳ
Ͳµˣ侳ʱͻ˵侳صղ壬ˡԪռ䡯ΪȻ侳֮£ѷˡ
ӢҶ롮Ԫռ䡯Ļ͸Щ⡣ڣǳˣıԶǣ
Ȼ˵뷨ҵȷƲġ˵вٵߣ׷ӿҡǣ׼һҡĿˡ
ҡҲҪˡ

ҡӣܲѡ
ҡĸ߲㣬ȻҲһɡ
ĵ׿𳼻㱨΢΢һЦû뵽СһյѪֳôĶ
ҡת䡣
ҲЦ
ˣɽ
ʱ⣬һ׿£̤룬ǻĻɽ
ɽѰң£
׿΢Цʵ
ɽͷˣɽ׼뿪һʱ䣬ǵġ
׿üɽһε£㻹ͻ׼뿪ҡ𣿡
ɽЦˣϴε£ôͻġɽҪ뿪ҡֻΪȥɢɢģѰͻ˴ɷģɽԶԲҡ£ҡˡ
˵ɽվñͦǹһ㡣
׿̾һȻѾȻû֮ȥɡ
ɽͷȥ
ҡפ֮ϣе֮С
ҡ޺֮ۡУңңķǸһĨЦ⣺лԨ⡭ֻһʼ
лԨ
£ǶҡǶԣ¡
ҡΪǻǵһôüڵӣʮˣҡһδ
ȻҪԭʲô֪
Ϊǻǵһܵ裬ǰ˽ͬӣʿһǧɡ
ֻǣ֪ҡһλǿߣΪϣȻ
һ֮ǰҡһ㣬
Ҳڶ̶ڣʮڵӵԭ
ˣڵӳȥҲʧ
ֻǣ
ʱһЩӣᵽҡӵˡ
Ϊҡһǿߣҡȹ̵ľƣ׺ת䡣
롣
ߵӰһˣһǵ侳صߣϵķΣԶӡ
һֻһˣԼһֻɫ󹷡
𡪡
ɫ죬µʱ˵Ĺ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

·˺һеħЯѪħӶ£׾پʹһӵ
䣬Ŀɱݡ
ÿһһûһ⡣
ںɫ󹷵ĸ£ͺԾ֮µѪޣĵħ
ֻʣЩɫ𣿡
ɫСƹһɢ²۵
ﵭһЦƣɳģڻҡֻΪν϶ѡֻҪʣһڵӣⳡɱ¾Ͳսᡣ
һºҪ뿪ҡʱŭҡҪùˣ
ʡ
İɣ˻а취
ҡҡͷҡ޺ۣġ

Ȼ䣬µϢХ䡣
ʱԭһɢƣ˼Ѫһ㣬һɫ䣺Сӣǿߣ
ţ
ƻ䣬͸оһɿµϢͷֶ£ѹ֮
ָоܾûиܹˡ
³Ԫ̫֡
ʱһĮһɿµϢԳХ䣬ǿߵİ֮
ͬʱǿߺҡǿߣͬʱ١
лǰ
æԲԶҡǿ
ףλһֱĬĬԼ
ŻӿȳϸһĨЦݣ˵ͷ漴ֿǿߣ³Ԫʲô˼ѵǵµĹأ
Żӡ
³ԪŻӣ˵ʲôʱƻˣֻҡСֵܴкѡ
˵ţ³ԪСֵʵȷʵڵӣ˵ҲʮˣֶΡ
ǰˡ
³Ԫһ䣬³Ԫɫһ

ŻӼˣʱЦǵһο³ԪԱ
ܿ죬³Ԫѿɫ˲ؿ˳һۣСֵܣұ֤ܸһҪġҡûʲôǰ;
³Ԫ
Żɫһϰ֮֮Х𣬷·ʱ˺ա
³Ԫ棬ҡǽǣʵڲ
ֻǣܿ죬ˡ
˵ģܸһҪĸң
￴³Ԫ·Ҫȷϡ

ŻˣӡﲻˣҪȻҲô
Ȼ³ԪôҲͷ˵ɣҪʲôֻҪ
³ԪȴǹЦɨŻһۣʵ
￴³Ԫ΢΢һЦǰգԲڴˣұΣ
³ԪϲĴЦɲǼˡ

ֵŻӴЦʱĻ֪ʵϷˣ³Ԫ
Сӣڵġ
³ԪһĿɭȻضųŭ£Żԣͱ𽫳ɱˡ
ˣûзȵô
ﵭɨ³ԪһۣһЦǰʵǰҲȥǵӿˡֻϧݲңԣҲֻתҡʵ֤ҡǶԵģܵõ޺۵ʶҡ
Գԣҡ޺ۣġ֡
⻰ʲô˼ȡЦô
³ԪɫһȻȻΪǹôһ£ڮϷŪ
ôǰţ
һЦǰţɻȥһС񡯵ӡǰʦһ˳ϣֽƳǵĿ˵ĴšรˣһУԴҺ֮ĸ˶ԹţǸܣǽСoĹϵӦѾ
˵üΪϸ³ԪԽԽȷǲڱƭϾ˵һУôʵ
ģϢ飡


389 ׷
վһԵŻӣػعû뵽ﾹȻľ
³Ԫһֻ³ԪҡҪúøлλ˳ϣҪҲᵽҡ
³Ԫɫޱת̤նʣʧ
ղ˵Ķģ
³ԪߺŻɫһʡ
ͷûʲôģңղҲǹ˵ôϸҪ³ԪȥǸ˳ϣƽϼƽϡ
ǵһĻﻹ
Ǹ˳ϵĻ·߻ص츳ǲֻϧǣˣ츳ٸߣԺɲţΣ֮ʣһģ¾㡣
ԣġšҪ
ǣ
Ц
³Ԫһ·أûлǣصפأֱ˵ȥ
ҡǵߵ֮һפعҲͬ³Ԫһֱ˵
㣡
ڿ˵һϿգ³Ԫݶ䣬ס

ͬһʱ䣬³Ԫǰһӣü䣬͸¶ֲ壺³Ԫʲô˼
㣬֪ǰǿ˵еյӿˣǿ˵ĸ˳ȥġ
³Ԫżɽ˵⡣
Դ˵˳һ·ϣ³ԪԽ룬Խζ
ֻŪࡣ
ţһ³Ԫʲô£
ߣ
³ԪҲû˵һУһһʵǾΪǿ˵ϵʧʧûֱȥҵˣ㣬ҪŪµ٣ǼٵģҲˣġߣ
ôҲû뵽ǸǰҡǿߣɱʮڵӢӵǿߣ˾
µԣһк³Ԫ³ԪҪȥʵֵĳϣ
³Ԫͷж
ܿ죬ڵֵ˺ܿͲ鵽ǰǶʱ䣬ҡǿ˵˵ĳϣǸʱҵһҡǿ˵ˡ
ˣ
³ԪüͷһƣֵĿ˵ϣͬΪ˵ϣ˿Ϥ
ֵϵ˵ͷ֪ǼһʲôȻǿ˵ĵңڵߵˣҲ򵥡
ʲôЦõƽȶԴ֮ˣһ
ǲиӣС񡯣³Ԫʡ
ǡ˵ϣ֪޲ԡ
ܺãܺá
ڣ³ԪѾ֮ǰ˵Ļ֣ʱ˿˵һۡ
ɫ͸ֵּϣȥʦͽѰ˵ؼҡ
ǣˡ
ֵԣæ˳ȥ
פأϱߣһԿĸۡڡ
ʦѾˣҵ⾳֮ûκνչ
һӣЦǰ˵
üɨһۣ򲻴ô꣬ѵ֪ҪΪڵӣɲô׵ġ
ӿЦ
ˣ
ʱۡϿգһ
壿ʲô
ۡڵЩɻ󣬵ն𣬿ˣ壬Ѱҿǿ˵ʲô£
ˣǿ˵ĵҪǡ
壬Ҳǽڿ˵ֵĳϣԹ˵
Ҫǣ
Щɻ󣬵ֻҪ⣬Ϊǿ˵ĳϣҲҪĵӣоЩˡ
Ͻɣõ˵ȼˡߴٵ
˵ͷæչ˸ۡڵһ񣬵Ҫʦͽȥһˡ
̤նһɻ󣺡ʦ𣬵ʲô
Ҳ֪ȥ˾֪ˡ
˵
·ϣ˲ʷ壺壬֪ΪҪǣ
ҡͷҲ֪ߺһˣĴţӦҲˣң˶̬ȣԣĵλڵˡǡ
λڵˣ
벻ͨԼʲôʱĴй
˵
ˡ
˴Լ״񣬹򿼺˵
ʱ˷֣һĿ⣬ϣ̧ͷһηǷеλλڵ˵Ĵ
֪ԷΪλѵԼʲôطСĵˣ
ֻǣǿߣһС£Ӧò˼ƽϰɣ
ˡ
㿴ˣֱӿʵǰǿ˵ˣǷһ츳Ȼˣڿ˵⣬
Щͷԣˣ˵˭
ߣ
ʱվһԵ³Ԫһ˳ϣǹ˶°ǰһ츳ȻˣΪӡ񡯵ıܡoìܣӣǰĵ񣬽ϳ˿˵ˣ
˵ļ࣬һʱᣬʦͽûӦ
ɵ³ԪϸϸǰǼ£ʦͽˣʱɫһ䡣
ֻǣ벻ͨ
Ǽ¾Ѿȥ˽ʱ䣬Ǹʲǫ̂˵ñ˲ŶԣΪεڣš·
ԭ³Ԫôһ˵ʵҲڡթʦͽ˭֪ʦͽӦô󣬺ԣһУʮ֮˾Ŷġ
ƣƣ
˵㣬Ȼŭˣǿ˵ϣӦΪѡţʲô
ˡ
ɲǼ䣬˱İ֮ѹô
ɴ̱ڵأһȻ
˵˵ǵʲôɣǿ˵ģĿĮʵ
ҡǡ˵ǡ츳ٸҲãԡ档
˿ЦǼ£ӡ̡
ǣ
һ㶣û뵽˻ôƵĽڣԱߵ³ԪǷЦһǣŵԸһд£ʱɲΪԸҡһˣ˵ǣ
³Ԫϣµİ֮ХùɫǺ죬ɴ౻˹ȥ
㣬£һˣϣܸһĴ𸴡
һ̣³Ԫ̤мٿʦͽһۣ뿪˿˵ֱפϿյĿеȥҲסϿյĿе졣
פصĹ죬ҡһ졣
տʼ˻֪վǿ˵֮˵ǰڶԷչֳôµİ֮ʱɫףʶһλǿߡ
ңһλֱǿ˵ǿߡ
Ȼ緽ԣԷĵλǿ˵㡱


390 ͷ
ˣǸˣʲôͷղλǿߣʲôϵ
һվʳе
³Ԫȥ̾˿ˣҲǿ˵ˡε£ʵǡڸղλǿߣ׷ĸ³ԪûӦ˵
ɵˣ³Ԫ
ֻҪӣ˭֪³Ԫ
³Ԫ׷ʵ˵¸൱ƽʱײβΪĹףҲġ
׷һֱһ㡣
׷ĵ˵УʵڵˡлԨ֮µǿߡ
³ԪҲλǿߵ׵ܵܡ
ˣǸˣѲ³Ԫʲôˣ
ʵ
³Ԫûκιϵ㵭˵
ǡԣһ⡣
ȻûйϵǸ³ԪΪҪŵǼ²ţ
ǿ͸˹˵˼ʣˣ㣬֪£ʹ޵˭
˵ͷ֪ҡӡ˵ѾɱʮӣʧΪʢЦ
ۿ˻ûӦ˵֪ǽǰżҡģ
䡪
ʾ˻ûӦҲͰ׻ôˣˣ˼ǣǰȥǸˣǳ
ϣŲ˼ɫ
ܡ
ôܣ
ΣҲ޷ϵһŲʱ䣬Էܳɳ˾ء
ˣܵģܡǸˣǸˣҼʱֻǡ
˷·Ҫ磬ܿͱϣֻǵ侳һ𣿾֪ҡʱҲֻǵ侳һءҡõұչһ꣬ͻƵ˵侳أǽ˵侳ߵս飬ɱ˶Է
֮󣬸õҡ޺۵ʶ˽ԪռĻᣬӹԪռһΪ̤˵侳ء񣬸Ϊʣ
ڣʶԼĴһλţΪ˽תͶҡΪĸ󻼣
ÿ˵һ䣬˵ɫͲ԰׼֡
úһȻˣ޿ˡ
ôҲû뵽Ǹ侳һصˣʱ䣬ͳɳ˿µĵز
㡭ԷΪɡ
̾˿ܱסһΪ˵ô꣬ûҲп͵ķϣһ㰲°
һ࣬ȴҲףԼֻѡ
ˡ
ϣ㣬˵£ףϣܴᴦҵĵӡ񡯣
㣬Ҵáĵӣ͵ȵ˵ɡ
ҡҡͷ
Ͼǣ̫
׷Բ׷ŹµʼٸߣΪʦͽ׷ʧش
ҡǣС
˻ҡǿߡ͸¶Դĵ׵ľηʱһذϢѪĿɿڴ
ҡͷʢǿߡǰҡ֮ǰȥǡ

ֻǣǿ˵еӿʱȴΪ˵˽˶ԹΪһϵԹı˽˵
֮⣡
ҪȻｫӣӡ

ϢһҡǶը˹
ԭҪֻǱĿ˳ϸ˵ˡ
οˣ֮ĵӣΪոµ񡣡
еĸ߲㣬Ҳ˶˽
֪£ȻΪڡ
Ȼ
Ҳ紫һʥҾ;ãҡ٣ǿߡҾˣͷȰĶŵŮı뷨ҡиõǰ;

׻˵۵ǿģҡǿʼ𽥵رܻһУԴǸ֮Ŀ˳ϡ
ûãǣҲŲϢ
ϢĿ˵˿֮գ뿼֮ˣ޼
û˻뵽һ˳ϵʧ󣬶Ӱô
ҡǣҡ
ҡ޺۵ǺֶΡ
ҼͳԶ̾
˼ǣ洫һУǵһֲݵģ
Щȣ֪ЩйϢǴѪȥģһֱΪѪľ⴫ȥġ
ѵһеı󣬶е޺۵Ӱ
ЦҿѪľֻǣ֪ҡУıһܳ޺۵ҡҡǵصĲǵϢֶΡ
ƺ˽ǵ
￴˫ۣʵ
һЦֻǱȽϳ޺۵ԶȽϹעѡ
ֻǣȴӸЦУһ˿Ȼ
λҼҲǼ򵥵Ǻҡ޺ۡʶ
ʢһǣһţڡ
ڣһվɽ֮ϣһȥƽ̨УңңԶһˣĿ⸴ӣ˵ҡǱߴϢУҡλǿߡ᲻С
磬̫࣬ҡλǿ߿ǵ侳ǿߣ޲ߵĴڣ츳ٸߣʱ䣬Ҳܳɳǵȵزɣ
ϳ˵֮ˣ˾硣
˾ŵˣǳɡ
Ҳǡ
˵ͷգƾʧֻһ޿ӡҲ֪СȥֻϧǸͷǵɣȻͻػȥСĻǷˡ
Ŀһȥվǰ취ܾãҡǵλǿߡܾܿС
ڹͷͲǣ뿪ڣҡȥ
˾Ц
Σǵúú취Ǹͷֱһ̬ˣôҲͻƵ侳ˣڳҲǽܳӣȻǡ
ҧгݵ
ҵͽڱ˵ΪʦĻˣ
ͻȻһ٬˳˵ĶУɫ䡣

һΰСɿݵˣسڳ˵ǰһ˫˸ͯһӣϷʵؿųˣСҪУʲôʱܲ侳أҾ͸ɡ
棿
˾Ŀһ
ž
ͷ̧֣в֪ʱһ«ݺ˾Դһ£ôΪʦĻҲˣ


391 Ѫǡ
ҡҡĿ˵Ϊҡ˵֮أȥÿʱ䣬ҡеĿ˵Žһοˡ
񣬾һҡյӵĵһֿˣҲ͹ȥʱ䣬ҡеĿ˵ٴοٴյӡ
һΣ뿼֮ˣǧˣ
ż˵ĺѹѹһƬȺΪҡ˳ϵġΡݺݵ˿ĭ龰Ⱳӻǵһμ
û뵽Ӱô󡣡
̲סпǸˣǰҡפز߼ӿʱһο˵˳֮һ
ôҲû뵽̶̵ʱڸ߼ӿո¶ͷǵˣ˸߶ȡ
һ˵ΪΪҡ˴ף
ҡü
һ֮ıҡ״
ܳǵҡӡպڣӰҲΪҡƿһµƪ£
һգҡڽ£
λǵһô
ϡ
ϡ

ʱʮп˵ҡӣæЩʧ̬ĳΡ
ŷӦɫؿǰѹѹȺ˿ʼ
ҡҡĿ˵ַǷ
Ŀ˵պĿˣֻ˱ֱǴļ¼ļ¼
Ϊ˳ϣ塱ǰİˣ츳õҲ㲻ϳʣ϶ʱ˿Ц
ǰЩӣѡˡʦͽЩͻ
Ͼ˺ôҲӣЩûйҲпͣԹ˵ȻûбֳʲôȴǶеĺ
ΪһɱྫӢڵӵˣʦͽ
ڣǰϡϡ䡢βİˣɬĻȣһ̣ƺĶ
ΪҡǸΪġ
ֹȨı˽Ϊһ˽ԶߵĿ˳ϣֹ
ǵĹڳϡʶ顱ҡõѡ
һ̣ʶµԡ
£ܻӰ쵽ĸ
˿ʼ
͸¶
ڵӿƺҡĳӭһشĴ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ҡ֮䣬ӢڵӵȻڼݱؽš
ֻǣҡУһһֻɫСˣεġȴһʱոӵ
ɳĵмˣֻҪڡϷڣҲ侳֮µˣһҡǸеĵ
ǣ׷
ž
ը죬׷һĴڴȴһϵİüˣֽпӻ顣
ü˵ɫһ˫ӣȼɭȻĻ棬Ȼη
Ϣŭ
еһˣ׷ĸ³ԪɫҲܲÿֻǣԷŭµİüˣǳȰ
üˣ׷ĵ³ۡ
ҲʢʵлԨ֮µǿߡ
ͬʱ³Ԫ׸硣
³Ϊˣ˽ԣƽʱ׷ڣ³Ԫ׸ʱҲҪسƺһˡ
ϢŭϢŭһ׷޲ߣ
ü˻ƶͳŭ޲ýʬΣҵ治֪ѡһֱѹҡһͷǷܡһ棬ľӢڵӣִģǳܲĴ
еľӢڵӣرǼ׷ģδ
ˣֻһҲĪʧ
Ѿʧ˺ܶ࣡
ʧȥǿҲԳܡ
ͻȻüˣҲ׷³ۣһһ𣬻Ӷֱ̤뿪˴£һսᣬȥˡ
롭
ۿ³ȥ³Ԫ뵽ʲôü͸¶ּɵ
漴˿ε£ǰδеرȰ֣֣ܳһεΣҲܳ׽
פء
һƫ֮󣬼ƫƧխСϿڣһСľݣȵ
СľǰɫҺ壬ȫЩطѾֳں״ЩҺ壬ԾѪҺҲ֪ѪҺ޵ѪҺ
ء
ͻȻСľݸһɽ֮һɫӰӶ
ӰֳΣȴһֻȾѪһľǡ
ͨ죬ӴվɢϢһ˫ëɫΪһѪŸ߿գǲʲô
ܿ죬ǵ˫ֳɵͬʱ˼

߿֮ϣӰ𽥵۳Σһ֣ǵķͷױڸǡ
֮Уһˣһ׳˶ӣһףü䲻ŭߵİüվߣٲȻ֮¡
λݹ٣£
ʱһѪԾػСľֱӾǵıػһӰ
һӣҲԼĪʮߡ꣬һȾѪһĳۣվ͸¶°ϢٲȻµľǷ·Ϊһ塣
һ˫ӣͬѰ࣬ѰͫǺͫǡѪͫ
ӵϣٲȻ͸¶һɼΪµıŰϢ·ʱ˶ɣһ㣬µľǻҪ¡
Ѫǡ
׳˶ӿѪ꣬˵ΣһЩ鷳֡
ţ
ΪѪǡЩûӦ
Щ֣ʲô£ֵλԹ֡
ҡһڵӣԪռ䡯ʮ꣬һΪ̤˵侳ء
׳˶ӣҲлԨѪ˵
˹Ԫռ೤ʱ䣿
Ѫüͷһƣʡ
ΣлԨûڣߵİüˣ׷³ۡˣ೤ʱ䣬ֻҡ޺ӹԪռһΪʹӵ侳ؿ˵侳ء
Ѫԣһ˫ѪɫӶʱųĹ󣺡Ȥ
һ׷Ҳû취
Ѫֿ³ۣ˵
³ԣʱЩգɫһѪǣ̫

ѪͻȻЦ³ۣҾǷˣΣѵ㻹ɱңߣˣǸϼһǰµԡ
뵽յ£³۵ɫѿ
ǰһϻһ


392 ֮ǰ
³ǰѰѪǣͻġ
ʱлԨˣԲ
漴лԨֿѪǣ˵ѪǣȻ㲻ȫӣϾʦİӣ꣬Ͼ㡭
ߣ
ѪһߣֱӴлԨĻлԨҪǸϼһɱҵĸʹҺ͡ѪûŽԴҲɱˣѵҸм
ѪǿеġѪµĳɫǡ
ѪѪǵĻ֡ءͺһӵؿлԨ³۶ˡ
ϵµģ
վһԵ³ۣһϿµİ֮ѪǺѪϣһһһ٣ʱᱻ䵹ڵء
͡
ȻʱѪǺѪѪ⣬ͻȻΪһ壬Ѫɫİ£ն𣬾Ȼֱ˺³۵İ֮
޷³۵İ֮⣬˺³۵İ֮³۵İ֮б࣬һһǵϡ
ߣ
³ۼˣҲ⣬·֪һһֶΣϣµ͵һΧϸСѷ죬ϡɼ
³
ʱлԨˣֱѹ³ۺ֮֮ɫ΢ʦ뿪ʱ˵ѪǺѪƣ֮ˣǳ֡Щѵ㶼ˣ
³ԣһҲûм
ѪǣңлԨæ
лԨѪǰ߸ϵļӣڶԴһλǿǿߡ
Ұԣһ
ѪлԨһۣǲ֪лԨǷӦ
˵
лԨ˵·׼
Ҫȥǵ
Ѫ촽¶ȣ
ܣ
лԨûڣ³۵ɫѾˣͺȵ
ʲôЦǵǿͷÿһټǵߵӣһ֮ǰѪǣ³ۿ·ǽǵʲô£ҪΪе
ԣķӦŻô
³ۣڵЩˣѵлԨûڣ˶죬ǷЩԽ޴ˣлԨ˵ǰɣ
ѿѪǵɨ³ֿۣлԨ˵
ˣ
³ɫһû뵽ѪǾ
лԨ̧֣һ΢ЦʾûѪǵĻϣˣ³۲˿
ǿߣ׷٣ߵλˣλҲֻ˳ӣ޴ӷ
Ѫǣ
лԨͻȻѪǣĿأҿԴӦҪ󣬵ǰ뽫ҡӡɱ
лԨʣѪֻǵڣлԨ͵ſϷɡ
˵꣬Ѫǽһʹ̤ն
뿪פرߵı塣
ۿӡѪǡ;ǡѪӰʧǰһֱûڵ³ۣڿˣˣҳ⡮Ѫǡ츳ߣʵҲϾǸҰ֣˵ϵΪΣҲı䲻ǵʵϵûʽֻҲǹǵһ㡣Ӧ£ǷЩף
лԨȻһЦ³ۣаգѪɱǸ
³üѪֻżѪİ֮£ûĶֻ֡ǣˣôóѪȥðգ
лԨҡͷˣҲκˣ˵ǣǶ֮ô򵥣ﲻױܣͬѪҲᡣ
ˣ롭
³ƺ뵽ʲôĿ
³ȥлԨ˫˼·ص֮ǰ
񻹼ǵãʮǰʱʦ𣬵ʱһ꺢ͯһƥͨѪСǡ
꺢ͯѰͯûʲô𣬿ɾûãչֳҰӣ˲£õʱŭԹ
ʱ֪ԭ꺢ͯʦֻġ
ΪһᣬʦɱֻʦĴǸΡ
ƥǣҲǵʱǸ꺢ͯСǵĸĸ
СǣȻֻǸ꺢ֻͯǱุĸ֪ΪΣֻߡ
˾ȵǣֻȻͯԼĺһϸĸ
Ϊ£ʦǸ꺢ͯչˣӵûʽ֮⣬ûκĳЩ棬űѰӸõĴ
ֱǸͯ𽥳󣬳꣬ʱʦɶϻӣֱ뿪ʢͬʱҲи˰ڵ߲㡣
ת۶ʮȥյ꺢ͯͳˣһ˵ʵ
У֮£ǵ֮ǿߡ
ΡҲ
лԨǵ˫һʲôҪľ
ҡǡ
ò˵뿪ҡפأҡǵʱǳҡӡ
ɱڵ֮⣬ǴСƹҡǸ޹
ʱ䣬ټһҡǣ鲼Сƹ㼣
ˣ
һգصҡפأֱȥҡ޺ۡ
ô£
޺۶Գ΢΢ͷʼմº͵Цݣ崺硣
ˣæҼˡ
֮䣬̧֣鶯ޱȵĵľ̵ĲǱˣǳĸ硢ɺ˾硣
ʵڸռҡʱֻϧʱֻһ۵ҡӡ
޺۳ְæ
ڣȫͬˡ
Ȼ֪ûݣﻹҪһԡ
Ҽ̻ҡ⣬һϢһʱ֪ͨ㡣
޺̧֣ľȡ˹ȥ¶ȣţ̵ģ
ͷ
޺۸пѹᣬ֮⾳ԭԵ֮⾳Ȼ̣ȴҲԿó̵ľ򵥡
ﰵЦľƾ衰̵̡ģȻѰĵľΪͬ

ͻȻ뵽ʲô޺ۿ˵յһϢ֮רɳһ˶Ը㡣
һνӣ㣡
ڳ￴֮£֣ҡ֮ġϷ򡱣֮£η塣
޺ҡҡͷȰˣòҪ⡣
ţˣϵ
档
޺ҡͷֵҲֻ˵һЩ˵ͬʱ侳ؽ֣ת˲֮䣬ͻɱˣţˣһȥģһĴڣֻǰӡ


393 ϻ֮
ӣ
һЩס
ڿ֮˵޺Ҳ̫Ҳܸ㹻ϣֻóﾯ衣
һ뿪ҡפأҡǡ
ΪѪɱڵӡ
ѪҲûţһڸӣʿήҵӣһٰܡ
һʱ䣬Ѫӵɱ¾£ҡ졣
갲ϿһխϿȣԶԶȥ͸һͷչ⣬갲Ͽе硰һ족һ㡣
ҲҡѪӺ׷ӵս֮һ
ಣ
ȻһѸӰʣ£갲Ͽ
갲Ͽޱȣһߣٽҡǣһߣٽǡ
ϻ񣬽Сӣ㲻ٸȻСҸ㷭
֮ˣһӣӵļϣվһֻͨīĺɫޣĴ˫ᣬ˫ϵÿһ⵶һ㣬˸Ĺġ
ģԶӦСඣûȤ
ϻ񵭵˵
ɱӣߵķݵɱӣѪµĹ׵㣬ġ
ɫͺëԣʱ̧ͷһȻһʶȤı顣

һһվ갲ϿϿգȴһڣһѪζһһ
ǡϻ񡯣֮ǰѪǿڵӡϻ񡯣
ʱһ̺κθ갲ϿһͷտʼԶúϻĶը׹
ţ
ǰһһʱϻɫһ䣬û뵽У˿µĴڡ
ͨɫľǣվھǱϵѪӣһѹظӦһһǣֻǵ侳ߺ;ż
ѪѪǣ
ͻȻϻϵĺɫͺëϳǰľǣУ˼ɵ
Ѫǣ
ͺëĻϻɫʱ
Ѫǣһּµޣ˵ѪǣܳɳΪ
رıͨѪͨУһţܷپһУ
ֻͺë۹⡣
վѪϵѪӣɨ˺ɫͺëһۣ˵
СӣҲͺë񣡡
ͺëԣʱŰಡһһɫ磬ֱѪ꣬˫ᣬ˺ѳգ·ҪѪһΪ

Ѫ³ֵɲǣˣֻһһѪţ̺µĵ֮ں⾳ڵͺëһΪ
⡭
ǰһУϻҲûܼʱӦ˫ͫһû뵽Է˿£һ棬׾ٽµķɱ
һϻȻһ⡣
Ȼˣ
߶սΪɵľδսȾ壬ϻǷ˴ɡ
ˡ
ɫѪ£ٴƿգϻ֮۶ɵĳǹֱӱѪ½飬Ѫ´͸ϻţϻɱ
ŻӣΣ
߿֮ϣ׷³ԪҡѪŻӣһЦ
ߣ
Żɫֱȥ
û뵽ɳе࣬׾پͽϻɱ
ȻóԷôɴɱϻΪϻ˾⣬һڶս˾ߣעֻʧߡ
ҪȻϻʵôɴͱɱ
Żӣ֮󣬻갲ϿУλӣȴҡĳﵽ
ۿŻԶȥ³ԪԶԶشݶ
ô
³ԪѪҲˣ˫һ¶貵ľ⣬˿е
ŻӴϻɱϢѪˡ
ϻˣ
ôܣǰеڵӣҪôͱɱˣҪôͲ뿪ҡǣôɱϻ񣿡
˭ɱϻ񣡡

һѪӶˣǼ׼ˣҲڿǷҪ
ǶģԼ᲻ɱ񡱡
Էϻɱɱǣֱһ򵥡
ڣֻϣܶԸˣû뵽л
Ҳû뵽ôµڵӡ
ˡ

Ѫĵӣϣ˳ϡ
֪ϻɱϢʱڼľ֮󣬴ľе֪
ϻˣ
뵽Ǹǿҡڵӣ̲סһ̾
ϻԿȥＤϻ£ȴû뵽˶̵ʱڣϻͳ¡
еڵӣɱϻ񣿡
üͷһƣЩ֡
ǸӦе࣬һ֮ˣ˵һСѪǡ֮ˣʵ£߸һֻѪͬ
ľɫ˵
һ뵽˼ǰҡ޺۶˵Ƿ޺ۿԼСĵˣӦþɱϻˡ
ԷѾҡս֮갲ϿУԼս㣡
뵽ʲôľ˵ȻԾܾΪҡѾˣûҪȥðա
󲹳仰ľԼ˼
ҡţٹʮգҪͬҡǰǵΪǵĵӣΪҡȡҫ
ϣΪһʱ֮ҡλ顣
ˣһȥ
ĿᶨֱԵ
֪ԷĴڣԷûнҲˡ
񣬶ԷԼսܾܾԷ侳ϵĴڣȥԷƽϣɶԷһǵ侳ߣܶսɾˡ
ѡӱܣ־ؽֲֲѷ죬ֱ
ڳѡľҲ⣬˵ͷ
⡣
ϻգҡУϻɱϢԼӡѪǡսϢ˵˽սĵص㡣
ѪǣУ𣿡
˵Ѫǣһĵӣʦܡ
ԷһɱϻѪҲûġ
Ҳ֪᲻Ķ֡

ҡˣƵۣߣڴһյĵȥ갲Ͽս
һսǼ侫ʵһս
ž
ѪУľ£ǰʯһӡ³ۣѧõǿ졭ֻǣ㵱ΪǸҰ֣ʤպҵҪճ
ҡǳϢǿ⴫ġ
ľ룬ܲµ׷³ۡΪ
ľƢôꡣ
ͻȻһȻľߴ
ǰ֮ˣľæϵŭݣʦ֡


394 ѪȾ갲Ͽ
ľǰģҡ޺ۡ
Ҳľʦ֡
ľһΣȻ棬Ǿͺú棬ȥ
޺ۿľԸȥ
ҡΪѪһսֵ÷зʱΪ˵ĳȴڸҸۡغŲ衣
պһսģ
Ҽ΢΢һЦ
ҡͷԷ涼ûҲûԷκϣ˵ģЩˡһУֻܵպ֪
ϵЦһ漴չ
ӵѣһ˵츳ʵȴǲ꣬ʵѵãҲò
պҿĿԴˡ
Ц
㲻Ҳȥսɣһ
Ȼʱ»вǰ갲ϿۿѪһս
һȻı顣
ʱ䣬ת˲ܿ͹ȥˡ
һ磬ʹСƹ뿪Ѫ
СӣǸѪǡߵѪǾͽˡ
СƹԳ˵
𣿡
һɣ֪ѪǿҲһӵбͨǿޣ˵Ѫǣһ㣬εĴڣ
СӣѪǸޱȣǬ½УѪûǧҲ٣ޣȴǼΪĴڡѪǸޱȣ޸߹Ѫͳ
ĻСƹʱըëˡ
ݸԣֻѪǿǾż㡭
Ŀмżֻɡ
ߣżΣ
СƹԣͺһϣһǿϢֱӳóһͣ㡭ʲôʱͻˣ
û뵽ƾȻʱͻƣ̫ľϲ
Ѫľ֪ġѪǡ˱ʵǿߵľżѪǡҲǼǿѪһսҪͬʱһһǡ
Ƶͻƣļɵɢ˼֡
갲Ͽﲻǵһɽ갲ϿΧͷ˺ƺƵû뵽ôˡ
Щ˵ĿģȻףΪۿѪһս
ȺУ˲ٵҡӡ
һЩס
ͣ
ʦ֣ɵǸѪǣҽ
ʦ֣ͦ㣡

Щҡӣ΢΢Գ˵ų
ǳ
Ȼᡣ
ѪǻҪᣬǲ˼飡

ЩԣһγѪǵһսҡĵǰս
ﻹ֣Ѫĵӣ˲١
ˣһʱ䣬˶ӪڴŽյһǵĵ

ͻȻ䣬·һȷ紵óɫ䡣
ˣˣˣˣˣ

һѪ£ֱҡţһҡӣ޷ֱ֮ӱɱƬ̹򣬾ʮˡ
ѪȾ갲Ͽ
Ѫǣˡ
ˣˣ
Ƿӣӣ

һҡӣɫɷףΧһţ׷ɢȥ
ĿһԼ׽һŵĳɫΣ̤նֱӭȥͷԼԷٶȣҲͺͶԷ൱
þŲ֮Ȼ׷϶Է
ֻǣͶԷһսûʼʱĴĵ֮޴ѡ
ɱҡһˣʮᣡ
䣬Ŀ֮Уһ绯ɵֱնӡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

µĵӹں⾳֣һӣһ棬ͱɱʮˡ
ЩӣЩṳ̂侳ڳͺֽһ㣬һ
갲ϿУѪ䣬һСϪ
ӣӣ
ѪڱƳɱ֣
Ѫǣס֣

һӣҲɢ׷ɱ
һʱ䣬ǰս֮ˣ״סˡ
һսƺǳѪǵսɣ
ڣ˶׷ŶԷͬų֣·ɱԷ֮ˣͲһ㡣
뵽ǵµĹأȻˡ
ǵߵֻҪ֮µĵӣɱ¾ǲֻѡʵԼڵһԼݡ
Ƭ̹ڳӣʮˡ
ѪǵٶҲҡڳӡ
ƣ
ﱩһͬߵСƹʱһֻɫ󹷡
µдֻҪǱֵӣû⣬һһ̵
ڲҪȥ׷
ֻվͺһ
һϰˣԶԶѪǺߵѪҡӡ
ˣ
صͻȻޱȡ
ͬʱµֱӽѪǡ޺ѪǱˣǵ
һüˣһ׳˶󺺣ͬʱ
ˣ
׳˶񣬸ղųֹƵģλѪľ
ףľ֣ǺһЭ顣
ѪǣĶǳ
üҲˣüͷԶѪǸղŵΪܲ⡣
ѪɱҡӣɱӣҲˣڣߵɱӣѪǺѪɱҡӵ
ľ϶֣ͳˣտʼۿѪոҡΪľ͡
˭֪ľԴ˸ᡣ
󣬻ȿľͣʧ
ֻҪ˲ٶҡ˳֣㲻ٶӳ֡
ľԳ˵
ͷǣˡ
ѪǣĮɨ˰üһۣĿ⽥˳ϣǳ
ﵭ˵α֪ʣѪǡ
ΧһȺΧ֮ˣղŵ£ԳѪǵӡ󣬸С
ȻɱӸ࣬ǿһжΪѪȳ֣һУֻڻѪǡ
ǿѪǸûԵҰޣࡣ
ѪǵϣǶоһ˵ϢͺӵһֻΪµޡ
ֻǣЩ˲ͬĿ⣬Ѫȴ˿ûᡣ
ЩϰΪ
Ȥ
ѪųΣĿƶ˳ߵϣֻޣӦþ˰ɣ
ޣգѪѪһ壬֤Ѫǣ֮
ʱѪǽµľǡѪǡһ˫ɫͫף͸¶˵Ĺ⻪Ƶϣͺ
֮ôĿ
ѪǵƣһɢСһëû룬͸ǰ
ء
ѪſѪڣŭϣ嫵ĵ֮ӿſµѪϢ
޵⣬һζҵЩڴˡ
ѪվŵѪǣɬ촽˫۷ƣͺڶʳ


395 սѪǣ
ҪңɵÿûǸˡ
ѪǵĻŭЦͷ֮ϣһֻΪӴӰֶƵıͨ޵ıͨ
ء
ƻͨɲǣѪǲΣգͷ֮ϣһѪӰ֣ɫ¹⣬̼ͨ
Ѫǵıͨ
ͨƴ
ڳߣľ³ڣĿתؿš
ǰһĻɲ
ӵбͨޣеٮٮߣеľӢǵıͨǿ졣
޵ıͨ˵һУ
Ѫǵıͨ˵ҲԷپһУ
߶Ժ䣬ֻĽأ
ǵ˺档
𡪡
ӰſѪڣµХӭѪǱͨӳĳɫ¹⡣
һ̣ѪǱͨӳ¹⣬ֱӾͱӰ̵ˣ
ǿ
̫ˣޣѪǸޱȣҪһЩ
Ȼ޿ǴеޣѪȻǿȴԶûϡ

ΧսߣһĿȣǰһĻľʣʹ˫ۣ·»ʵһĻһ㡣
𡪡
Ӱŭ𣬿µٴ죬ȻѪǵıͨһѪӰҲ̵ˡ
ۣ
Ѫһ³һѪ
ಣ
ʱѪվŵѪǣһɫ磬ֱޡ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬粽ӭȥ
𡪡
һͷͨٴηµѪǵϡ
ʱѪֱӱ˹ȥƴȴֿޱͨ
Թ֮˿ֻżһεġ
ء
ѪǷͺ𣬳ɫ˫Өؿ˲ԶѪһۣڶѪǵ
Ѫ
Ѫɫ䣬Ͽµں⾳Ӷ֮ȫ۳Ѫ£ͳƴһֱѪǣҪԮ
ѪǣĿǳ
ʱ׷³ɫһѪǡ
ֻǣѪȥ

³ɫһףѪóȻȥҲһ̵ֻ
ǳˡ
³ۣ
Ӧ³һŵ֮ľɫ䣬Ƴƻ򣿡
䣡
µֱ֮ӺƵıͨѪǣͨɣ˺Ѫǲˡ
ƣ
û뵽޳ܣɫ˲䡣
ľһսǳѪǵһսֻǲֻӰǶѡ
Էŭľ³۵˵
޳ܣ
ľɫһ̤նҪ³۳֡
ֻǣ˲乤򣬴еĴľԭأϵ֮Ҳ֮ǵõʲôָʾľһ˻ȥ
һսǳѪһսֻò֣
³ۼڣݵڳÿһ˵ĶС
޳ܣ̫޳ˣ
ǣۿߵѹѪߵѪһͳޣѪǡѪռϷ磬
˺׷³ۡôҲһǿߣ˲档
ҿҲޣ޽Ѫһˡ
ҾҲ

Χսߣ³۲޺Ѫǵ޽ҪɱѪ֮ʣޣΪͱġ
ߣ
³ҲڳߵۣɫͺһȴҲ޴ӷ
ʵȷʵˡ
Ѫ£㲻֡
ѪϳɫۣȾѪһ㣬޷ԶѪǣ˵
ء
ѪǱһ˵ͷȥ
ƣҲȥɡ
ǻŭ𣬶˵
СӣԼСġ
Ƶ˵ͷ޵Ŀɨ³ۣȥ
³۸ӦƵĿ⣬ֻо̹Ǻ⣬ֻһҲˣһ޾ǱٴҲ塣
ޡ
˵ǰһֻޣΪˡʡ
ֻޣճΪ֮󣬾ɱˣˣʣͬ׵Ĵڡ
³ٴοƵĿУɱ֡
ˡ
̧֣֮ħγɵ
ں⾳֣ϵħ𽥵صӵŲ㣬µÿ𵴡
ŵѪǣɫҲ
˫һ̧£һɺɫ³֣̺ں⾳ȳﵶϵں⾳ǿ˲ֹһ㣬ǵ֮۶ɵѪâһħȣҲŶá
ֻǣϵħȴ˾Ų㡣

ǿ֣߳򵥶ɴ࣬ﶯʧԭأαس֣һ絽Ѫǵ
ħ糤۾һ㣬ֱӶնѪǡ
ħ֮ϣµħ˺ѳգ֮ں⾳ӰΣ·ҪħһɱѪǡ
ͣ
ħ£նȴֻѪǵĲӰ֪ʱѪѾվԶһɺɫ£Ӱζӭ˳ħ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

֮ĶԺ䣬Ʋ񷣬ħѪâһѪâ˲ͱ顣
ʲôֶΣ
ĵ֮ƺһķһ𣡡
ֶ̫ˣѪǵĵ̼֮ͱݻˡ

ڳĹս֮ˣвٵ侳һ۾Ϳ͸˳ħѪǵѪâ֮Ĳࡣ
֮䣬ͲһΡ
ľŲħѪǵѪâͺǴ۸Сӡ
ֻǣں⾳棬֮䣬ȴȫȻ෴
ں⾳Ѫǵں⾳׾ٴݻ٣ľŲħײһ𣬼ͬʱ𣬲¡
ϧˣں⾳ȷʵһЩ
ֹһЩֱڵΪں⾳еκһ⾳ƺضûС
֮⾳ƺֻжء

սһЩ侳ߣ̲סҡͷϾᣬں⾳Ѫǵһ룬ղһ׾پܽѪǻܡ
䡪
ѪǵĹͬʱֱӱˣ˺ʮಽ
£
Ѫǣÿµʵں⾳ǿģڰϣģƺϡ
Ѫǣһ
ѪǣͻƵ侳֮ֵĶ֡
ħɵӳɾŲ㣬ذɣ
û뵽㻹ֶΡ
Ѫųˣ͸¶־ȣѹû취ʵУ֮£ûĶ֣
𣿡
Ŀһ뵽֮˻˵ƣûһŻ
ߣΪǣҸղŵǷûԼСû´ʩչĵӵֶ֮Σĵ֮ٶӦúܿɣ
Ѫɬ촽͸˳ղʩչֶεı׶ˣҵҪĵܹ֮ʩΪáҵں⾳ɲʱĴ
ɫһ
ʶ㣬û뵽ѪǸɴ˵˳


396 ľ֮ŭ
ѪǵĻΣֻҪڳˣˡ
һʱ䣬˵ע˳ϡ
ҡӣΪһ亹
ӣһһϷʵЦݣǿղŻǴɱ¾ҡӣϾҪѪǵ
ǿųڿһʬ塣
󻰣˭˵
ĮɨѪһۣͷ֮ϣѪͨ۳Σ嫵˺ѳգ
Ѫͨһ֣ʱڳ˵עȥ
ͨ
ЩУ˲֪ͨӵߡ
ѹ츳˿£ԭͨӵߡ
ͨѰͨ⣬Ҳ֪Ѫǣ츳ͨʲô
ͨ棬ѪǿҪ·ˡ

Χߣ˽·׷ţͨ塣
ಣ
Ŀ֮£ѪͨһѪâ˳ڣɲǼ䣬巢䣬˫֡˫Żצɫۣԡ
أ
һ̤֮µըһȦȦӿ˷
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ħŲħǣٴȫֱ֣Ѫǡ
ѪɫҲͷ֮ϣɫӰһ̯۵ѪɲǼ䣬ѪǵƤЩѪǶ
Ƥ类ڻˮ
ƤڻɵġˮٷڣѪȫӸղŵ쿡ݣι£ûһƤǺõġ
һƤӿݣһЩΧ۵Ůߣ׷ɫһ䡣
ԣѪҲʩչ츳ͨ
ֻǣ츳ͨڳ֮ˣƺûмϵóʲôͨ
̫ˣһ̯ѪӰȴڻѪǵƤѪǼΪǿ
ЩֻͨǣѪҲ̫ѿһЩ
ҿѪ츳ͨɱȿͨǿˣǲ֪Ƿܺͳͨ⡣

ΧΧ۵ۣԳһѪǶˡ
˺
Ѫǣ˫˸ɭȻɱ⣬˫֮䣬ɫġѪ¡֣ӭ˳ħ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µˣ಻ϵ˽һΣٴͬʱӣ岽Ѫ߲
츳ͨҪϳһ
˿óʱѪǵϣһɫɲǼ䣬ƺ˼֡
ˡ
ѪٴӳһκͳӲӲֱӽˣ
ʲôֶΣ
˳˵ͬʱֻоѪӿȵؿѪǣɵ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ǳħѪзɳѪ£·޾ϵغХ˶Է
ƴ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µ˵Ľ֣಻𣬷·ûֹһ㡣
أڳ˶ԿѪѹơ
Χ۵ҡӣһɫء
֪ҡٴδԭΣܾʹٲ
ǵģ̲ס
ͣ
ڳÿһҡӵǿĿ⣬˹ڴ
ߣҡŵӣˡ
ǣϾҪѪɱˣ
ҵҪҡճ

һӣ䳰ȷ·𿴵˳ﱻѪǻܣɱһ̡
УѪǵں⾳̫ǿˣȥұذɣ
ʶԼĴ΢
û÷ɵֻͨǣѪǵʵ÷ɵͨҲûκΰա
֮ǰԼȻôµĶԷ
ֻǵһ⾳֮ˡأ壡
ڵ侳ʱͽ⾳֮ϣܽ⾳֮ںһߣȴǿԺڵ⣬ʤһ
ߣ㶯÷ɵͨҲû̫ա
ҵᣬڶԷط£䲻⡣
һٴѪǶԺ֮˳ƺӣһʧȡ֮ģһѶӴһͨɫѪ
ѡѪͨΪһˡ
ߣͨڣΡ
ѪǲмһЦգѪǾ갲Ͽ

ѪǵĿν
ǣڳ֮ˣȴûм˻ỳĻĿǰȷʵʵ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ѪзӶһѪ£еոֱӴѪͨ
Ѫͨβһ𣬾Ųħں⾳һ޴ĵ⣬ӭѪʩչѪ£һʱ䣬Ƭգһһ÷·Ҫ
Ѫͨβ˦ȥɲǣѪֱѪǣѪſ嫵ħ۳һīĺӿѪǡ
ѪæֵֵһѪ±һһѪͨѪӿħ
㱾£ҵҪ˴õ֧֮Ŷã
ѪǷЦ
ֻǣϵķЦոո֣һ˫ɫ˫͸¶ԴĵĺȻͿ־壬ؿǰѪѪУǺ嫵ħ֮ڣһ貵Ĺ⻪̺ſµֱӶ
һƹ⻪ٶ֮죬ȫ
ڶͨ
ɲǼ䣬˫һʶһʼǿֶΡ
˫ͨӵߣ
ѪǷӦҪֵ³ĵڶֻͨǣһˡ
ء
ѪǵĺһǽУ̺
ء
·ڳѪǵ໽УһֱԶѪǣͻȻնϣһƳɫĹ⻪ǡ
һ̣һƳɫ⻪硰˲ơһ㣬Ѫǵǰ
ͬʱѪҲֳͬĹ⻪ںһɶܣѪǵĺ֮ǰ
һУֻת˲֮䡣
ɫСܸճΣһ۵Ķâ͵ˣֱӺСܣͬʱâҲû˺֮𽥵
󣡡
һȣڳ֮˶Ĥڡ
˻䣬˾Ϳն𣬼ʱѪǵġѪǡһֱը֮ǰĲҽУûü
³ۣ̫
ҡѪľ̤նݣŭ׷³ۡ
³ɫһղĿ֮£˵˲óѪǵ֡
ڣѪǲˣΪ˾ѪǣҲ˦⣬ԣľĳ֣ѡԹۣΪ֪Լ־Ѫǣľᷢ衣
Ϊҡ޺۵ʦܣľʵ֮¡
ң£ϾִˣֵǵȥԿĻ
Ѫ
ѪǴԭأӹһĵϲûûɢȥͿͬС飬ôԼǰ
һ˲䣬о춼Ҫˡ
³ۣ
һ̣ѪǵĿ⿴³ۣͳŭ


397 
ۿѪǱɱһ̣Ѫ޵ĲǳɱѪǵľҲǱѪǳ־ĳ
³ۣ
Ѫǿ³۱ܲ־ѪǣȴûĻ鱻ɱ
Ѫǣ
Ϊһ֮£֮ϵ³ۣѪֱɫҲޱȣѪǲ֣ͳһսѰܡ㣬õʧˡ
ʧ
ѪЦЪ˹ʱ˿̣ɫ˫УѪᡣ
һ̣ڳ֮ˣԸо̺ĺ⡣
³ۣպұɱ㣡
ѪѪͣЪȾ˫գӵض³ۣޱȣ޾ĳޡ
Ѫǵĳޣڳֻ֮оëȻ
ߣ
³һѪǣЦǾͿûǸˡ
һѪĿ⣬ľϣţ˳ϣ֮裬ѪǼն
һ䣬Ѫ̤նһѪ⣬ʧʡ
￴ѪǵӰʧǰʼգһƽ
һӢڵʱＸûжùȫɱЩڵӣɱһ򵥣ԣľޱȡ
ȻγֵѪǣڳѪ׷
˶֡
һԼͬףԼȴսʤĶ֡
գʱóɵͨҵɱѪǵĻᡣ
ֻϧǱѪƻˡ
ѪȥʣµһȺΧ֮ˣ׷״ԭء
ڳ˶֣Ѫǣô
˳λǿߣǷºݻ˲ĳޡ
³ۣһսʧˡ
ľ³ۣϵķŭʧȡ֮ǵȻϣ´ɸĵӣȻįġ
ߣľٵ⣡
³ϵǱѪǼŭֱľҪƲסԼŭ
³ȥʣµ֮µӣһèһ㣬׷Զݶȥҡ˻ֶԸһ㡣
ҡˣҲȥ
ڳˣĿӳ뿪ʱ֮µߣ֮ϵߣĿУż⡣
壬о̾ȡ
ϧһܽǸѪɱˡ
һӰӶ˳ߡ
ʯôˣ
ڳߵӣǱˣǸʯʯĳ֣óЩȣʲôʱģ
ãҺøˡ
ʯЦ
Դ׼˻֮󣬸ʯͺȫһˣʱϸүݡ
Դʦأ
ʣҲһʱûɳǻˡ
Ƕ̼ˣչȥˡ
ʯҡͷ˵
Զһ·߹ҡӣͳ̸Цĸʯж¶Ľͼʡ
û뵽ʯͳﾹȻߵôƺ졣
һЩ֪ҡӣ̲סЩûڣڳսҡո¶ͷʱûͳｻãһõĻᣬҪȻҲΧڳߵһԱ
ʱٴȥɾǿͽᣬ㲻ǣҲܻĴǡ
ϾԶûѩ̿˸м
صҡǣʯһкͻظȥˡ
ڳǴƻصѪ
ˣ⡭
ľԼ׿ġ׵㡱ʱҲЩȣ֪һڵӣһҲͼֵǧ׵㡣
һΣľȻô󷽣
Ϊҡ˴󹦣ǸѪǣɲʲô򵥵һսҡǵ죡׵㣬Ӧõġ
ľԳЦ
ϧûɱ̾
ûɱɱߵѪǣҲ㲻ˡգҲҿߵһ־ͶıͨҪȻѪǺѪ֣ǾΣˡ
˵ľɫ
ˣ˵ĿѪǺѪֵҵڶֶͨΣ
뵽յһĻ¡
ѪǺѪ֣߾ǿһصͬԴں֮׾پ͵ķɵͨ
Ҫ֪ʱķɵ֣ͨҲζųﳹΪ⣬һû֣ܵľԼ
óɵͨҲǳƸ۵Ĺ
ľɱѪǣμѹǿߣѪǡܡʵĲѪǣ
ǣû뵽ǸѪΪһ࣬ȻѪǵһѪǺһֻѪͨʩչѪһط
ľͷ˵ҲЩ¡
ҲʩչֶΣʩչֶΣ㶯õڶͨչֳǿҲǵĶ֡
ľһóһû뵽Լ֮ǰڲ֪£ڹŹǰתһȦ
ɵͨ޷ѪǺѪʩչط⣡
̲ס˺⡣
ľĻﵹǲеɣϾľǿߣ۹侳ܱ⡣
ˣлл
Ͽҵл
ľ֣ҲΪҡΥ棬Ҳ᲻ܡңһΣҲΪҡ˴󹦣Ǵ󹦳
˵ľֵʣӣ㲻ٽˣúϢ׼ǰǵĿǰʱ䣬ҲܻɳܳӳսһЩڻҡѪĵӣ㹻ˡ
ͷ
ʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̡
ΪѪЧֻõ˴Ĺ׵㣬ʱ䣬ù׵㣬ҡй˲ٵĵҩһЩƲϡ
ƲϣҪģ˵պдá
ƵĻȻŲɡ
ҡפء
ߣı֮ϣһɫӰȵվ
һڳɫµӣӵϣһǳϢЩϢΪ죬·ʱܻ˵
Ѫ常ĸȥˣҲȥˡӽϣֻʣһˡ
Ѫ꣬ǡѪǡ
³ۡľˣҶŹұ֤ãҾͻȥ㣬ţúõš
ʱ˿̣Ѫǵ˫֮У͸¶Ѫĳޡ
£ҵĹʧ
֪ʱһ׳˶ӰƾճڲԶ̾˿
ʧ
Ѫ˵ĻʱЦлԨ˵õɣӦ֪ѪΨһˣҶԣҪԣԼ
ģһᲹ㡣
׳˶ӰлԨлԨѪǣ˸
Ѫһ㲹ܽġ
ѪһɨлԨᡣ
лԨڣ޾ԣѻ˵ôȤҲ˵


398 
ͬҡ޺ǰǵʱ䣬ԽԽ
ʱ䣬Ҳûţŷ֮⾳ƬͬʱҲá̡֮⾳
֮⾳죬֮⾳Ҫࡣ
һ޼ʵĻĮһССĴӣ·Ѿһ¡
ֻǣ⣬صѪ˵ովһɱ¾ֵɱ¾ûκεֿɱ¾
ڴԶŵѪζ
߿֮ϣһһСӰ䣬˴֮⡣
˭˭ġ
ǰһɱ¾ĴӣŴϤһӰ硢ЦݵĴӴ񶼳һ߾߱ʬ塣
֪ʱ˫ȭգָƣһεѪ·𶼺޲
һ˫ӣ¶ֱ壬ŭµı壡
ʲôˣܶôһȺӵĴ˺֣

߽˴ӣһ䣬һСŮӰСŮһ긾Ůţѹ棬һѪĿ긾Ůı󴩵СŮǰ
ϵó긾Ůĸס
ԣĸԼΪŮ֮˵Ĺ˭֪Ϊ
СŮ۵˫ϣ¶أԻһľľԣСŮԼ
ĸײôĸ׵Ļ
ҲŲϣԺҪ޸ģŲг确塯ˣԺͲܼ޸ˡ

СŮĻ·ڳĶ߻ص

֪ʱ˫Уŭмʹࡢŭ
ڳķŭСƹһУû¶κ
ǰߣһɱ֮ˣҲûǰһɱǬ½һ˳˵磬ǰһУȡ
öˣȻҲ͵ˡ
ǰߣһ߾ϤףóĲء
׷ʲô
峤أ

һ峤ӵķӶȥſڵһͷʬʱɫ峤
ͷʬ壬¶˫ֻ֣ϵĵ̣˵ݣ
峤Ҳɱˣ
ͷ­˴ߡ
Դ峤һֱ𾴣Ǵ峤ڸ̡ĵƵ⾳֮һǧ
峤ڳǳҲǰʦ
񣬴峤ɱ˴ͷ­ԳԣһֱĴ
Сӣﻹлġ
ͻȻԶƵóξѣһ绯磬Ƭ̾͵Сƹߡ
һһŮʬ֮£Դĺֹ֮
һһŮʬ壬ųһʱﵹҲûбϳ˭
ֻǣʬ屻ƿǰСӣóĿһС֣
СӣǳﵱסڴʱʱġС֡
ֻǣڵСҲˣʱжΣա
ûκγɣֱ̧֣ӽ֮ӿСֵڣΪˣͬʱһö󻹵ҲŽСֵ
ڳİ£󻹵ҩ𽥵СڣСֵĺҲ𽥱
֪ʱСӻһ˫С۾˫ۺ۵ŤϵؾֵҪɱңҪɱңҪҪ
С֣ң硣£Ѿûˣûˡ
æץסСӵļС濴
硣
ڣСӵ΢ƽֻǣոһкֻ˹ȥ
һʮ꣬Ŀ˫ױɱĿȫ˱ɱ֮£Ȼܲˡ
ƣﻹûлڡ
Сƹ˵˫ɭȻɱ⣬֮
Сʱ뿪˴ӣڹĻĮ֮УȴСӵѣΨС֪ӵ׷ʲô£ʲô塣
峤ɱͷ­
ڣСӻת˹شޣŻ磬ĸ׶ɱˣ峤ҲˣǣҲˡءء
С֣˵˵ô£˭˴ӣ峤û취
Сӡ
С̺ŷŭ˵Ǹ峤˵Ļ˵ǡˣ˵Ƿʲô֮ҪƲô峤ˡ峤˾͸Ǵ򲻹ǵдͷͷ峤˱ǸͷһɱˡǴ˴峤ͷǴҶܷŭ
˭֪뿪ûãǵо˷أֽȫɱˡ˵ҪǴ˵ġѪʲô
˵С£ףĸס
Ͼֻһʮ꣬СӿſţҲƣˣ˯˹ȥ
˵һѾṩ

֮ˣƲô峤ѵ峤Ҳˣ
üͷһ壬˼ɻֻǣЩɻ󣬺ܿɢȥ˳ޣЩ֮˵ĳޡ
峤ˣ˴ҪƲã˺θɣ
ȫ˱ɱˣֱɥĲ

ҧǵߵ֮һûʲôøС
Сƹڴһ󣬷־Сһڣȫˣһ
ȻѾ׼֪˲䣬ɫ̲סһӣʮʻôˡ
ڴסǶʱ䣬ÿ˶ޱȡ
ҲӵԼļҡ
ڣң֧ˣһжΪ

˫һ޵Ĺ⻪ۡ
ôû뵽һαشȥ˳ȥ峤𣬱Ͼһǰǵ´λ֪ʲôʱܻ
˭֪ӻᷢĲҾ磬Ӳ٣С֮⣬һ
飬ʧ
ʱޣܿҪͬҡ޺ǰǵȻǰΧֻҪפسĵӣʩɱ֣ɱ¾
ߣԺеǻᡣ
еķŭʱӿıԵҺСּʱתʱƽ
磬׺ĸ׶ˣԺҾûˡ
СֵϣᣬԽʵ
С֣絽ҡȥ
ǿЦ˵
С󣬳ʹҡǣ˸ҵš
Ҽﵽӭӡ
һ󡣡
￪żɽ
һ棬ֿ˿ߵСӣЩɻ
ϣ뿪ҡܰչӡ
￴һߵС֣Ը˵
ûڣվڳߵС֣ɫȫˣ֮ϣٴˮʵ磬Ҫ𣿡


399 ¥
СֺòƽٴʧأҲЩΡ
ֻʱסøæչ¡
İɣС֣粻ᶪ㡣
Сֵͷﰲο󣬸ѾߴСȥϢ˭֪С־úܣӲڴ˯˹ȥ
óЩΡ
Сӡ
ԸѯʵĿ⣬ｫԼ֮ǰ꾡˵˳Ȼû˵Ǳ˻ٵġ
⺢ӵǿ
Сһۣ˵ͷģ뿪ҡǺһչ˺Ȼǰ뿪ǰܹȰ
ĵģģ֪ô
Ϊ֪պҪ뿪Ըʯɳǻˣǰ뿪ҡפأҡǡ
ʱ򣬳ں͸˵Сֵ¡
Դʦ֣ǳˣ
ʯ˵￴ɳǻЦ
Ҫ뿪ܲ㣬һȥպҲ֪ʱܻǻ̾
ˣһįģҡУ㣬û˵츳Ҹˡ
ɳҲ֮̾䣬Դ
ҡڣҲֻг츳ǿһ㡣
ףǡ
ܿ죬ۼĸʯڲԶ˯ȥС֡
С֡
һСֵֽղź͸˵һ˵⺢Ӹĸ˫һˣϣ뿪ϣҲҺúչ
ġ
û⡣
ʯɳǻԴ˳ŵ
ǿǵѣ£ȻҲǵ¡
գǶӴܽǣһպҲܰ뿪
ֵ
һ㣬գ͸ʯ˳ţС֣Ͼһʮ꣬ܿͱҡǵķ𺳣У·˹ȥ˱
ʯˣܿҲСִһƬ
磬Ͽջϡ
ڶվҪ뿪ǰһյİʯھ¥Էһ˳Ķߡ
һ֪ϾĴ
С֣ó𣿡
һһֻȣеСӣЦʵ
áóԡ
Сӵ类մһ߳ţһ߿ڳݲ˵
С֣мҪ
￴СӣЩɣ֪СǷԸҪ뿪ʵ
磬Ҫ뿪𣿿ɳ˵ˣȥɣһúġ
ڳﻹڳɵʱСӷļȣɫҲҪúҪΪסĸ׺ʹ峤˱𡣡
С֣ġ
ﱻСֵķӦŵˣ˿ɳһۣԼֶС˵
ɳһЦһûʲôǸ첻ɵӡ
ա
Ǳ˸еĸʯɳ˺󣬳СƹѪȥ˵ľ
ˣлʱչˡ
ϿҵľǷ
ľ˵ͷ̹Ȼ˳һݣ˵츳ߣ˵ҡǵҲδݵ㡭ǵúŬȡõ˵ӿʸ뿪ǵǰΪʢ֮ء
ܳΪʵӣǰ;
˵ľĿУż
ǣˡ
ͷĿıǵõ˵ӵĿʸ񣬺ɶϻӣ뿪ʢ֮
Ŀꡣ
ȥɡľ֣Ϳ͵
뿪ҡפء
ֱȥ˻׿
׿ųĿ⼫临ӣֳָЦ⣺ȥǵе˾ټΪǵǱȻϣǵΪߵټӾеĴУͷΪҡȡҫ
ﶨ˵
æ˵
Ȼû׿ʲô׿նչˣҩأ׿ĵӡ𳼡ͳһ׵㣬׿Ĵм
ãá
׿Цŵͷڴǵһ졣
Ǳ׿󣬳ȥ˲ҵ
ķͷҵĻ᳤
ʲôʱ뿪
˵󣬲ҵֱʵ
絽ȡЦ
ʱ仹
ҵ˵ͷԳ˵ȥȾƣ
տʼﻹΪҵҪԼҡȥȾƣ֮ʶҵǴҡפĹ㳡һ¥Ⱦơ
˵ʵ⻹ǳһҡפصĹ㳡
ȥҲֻ˵û
Ĺ㳡һĵ̣ļҡӣÿ¶ҪҡϽһ
Ĺ㳡ĵӣҡеڵӡ
һ侳ϵڵӣ
֮£ҵûʸռһ̡

һΪ¥ľ¥վҵ˵ҽմ㵽ΪУʵҲҾ¥ϰ壬һλʦҽܸʶǲԸǾͻһҾ¥ͷһǡ
һ漴һЦ޷
ҵڽ¥ǰ˵֤֮ˣﵹҲûвӡ
л
ҵһżָм
λʦ㣬ҡڵУҲǳţˣһ飬ԲҵԣĪĺô
¥ɫȥ󣬾ͿԿһҡӭ
ʦ֡
˶ԲҵչˣĿ˳ϣһ۾ϳ˳ɵͺʦ֡
ĵͺȴҲ˲ˡ
һʱ䣬ĿֱӶ˳ϣЩĿˣһĿ¶⣬ǰʱΪҡĹ⣬ҲΪΪҡӶеԺ
ʦ֣
ʦ֣

ЩҡӵкﶼһЦ
ͻȻһŮǰ¶ɬʣʦ֣𣿡
Ůӳû˵仰ʱƺ
ֳգɲǼЩŹ֡
һĿ⣬˳ϣڲ²Ӧԡ
￪ʼҲЩΣ浹ҲȻˣһЦˡ
Ůԣ˿˻ȥ
Ǭ½Уǿм˲檣ҵǾλʦҲȫΪ檡
ҵȡЦ
ﵭ˵˵ͷ뿪
𣬱𡣡
ҵġвʱήˡ
СӣҵǾ˵еܲһֱȰɣСƹҲֵ

Сƹ˿һɨСƹ
һæ˿Сӣ㾹ҶԱ߶֣
ٶ죬Ժͱˡ
ɨСƹһۣ˵
̲ҵ֮СƹҲήˡ
ʲôЦʱٶȿ죬Ƕ˳ͨԴ֮ԭʼԪôõɲԸʹʧȥ
ʦ¥ǣȥɡ
ҵкĿ֮£һ˾¥¥һᡣ
ӰʧǰĴ󲿷ҡӲŻع


400 
ʦͣһӶûС
ǰڿҡˣλǷȴƽ׽ˣĺѵá
ϧʦˣҪܼ޸϶Ҹ
ٻˣǼ޸ʦ֣ʦҲδظȢ
㡭˵ʲô

¥ڳͲҵ¥󣬱ޱȣһЩҡӣСͻ
Ͳҵ߽ᣬ﷢֣Ѿڵˡ
һһŮ
еῡݣŮš
ϴĶڵӷΣŮӴĸоͬƵĴڶߴףŮӣһ侳ߡ
û´ŮӦþ¥ϰ塣
λǷʦ㡣
ҵܰڵŮӸʶ
ʦ㡣ŮӵͷһЦ
ͬʱҵֿԶŮӣʦ㣬ҾͲýˣӦʶˡ
ȻʦƵƵҡ⣬ҿúء
Ůӭӭϯͬʱ˵ʦܣҽƷλҵĵܵܣҲҪһǰǵǿҪú׽׽
ţ
ԣЩȣĿϡ
ͣԴһЩӦýڶʮߡ꣬ͣѾڵӣ侳ϵĴڣ츳Զ׼

ԳһЦͬʱԼ

ҲһЦ
ʶˡ
һĹƷ￴ɫһʦܣһҪ㡣
ʦ뽲
Щ֣ƷʵʲôԼ첻ġ
Ʒ￴һ˵ܵ˵츳С͸ߣٳȥһΣҪȥǵҲ޷չϣǵܰշһ
˵ţƷ̧֣һöָݸһЩԪʯ͵ҩһЩƬʦܡ
˭֪Ʒﻰû˵꣬ͱִ̧ϣ¶壬ʦ㣬ʲôڸ豨ңҸܵܵ𣿡
Ʒһæʦܣᣬҡ
ʦ㡣
˵գҺǽܶһʣҲˣΪѣշǷ֮¡ΪȴЩˡ
ƷЦҵĴʦǸ
ǸͬʱƷ𶯣ҲʶΪҡ޺ۣôس
һߡ
ԶΪ
ʱƷҲָݸĵܵתơ
ʱţܿͽӽ硣
ʱվƷͲҵһ뿪¥ҡפرߵġȡȥ
ǵ޺۸Լõĵط
֪ҡȥ𣿡

ڴ֮ǰ֪ҡټ˵ǵӦҲơ
ˡ
˵
ֻȥˣһû뵽ô١
š
ͷǵߵֻټԣǾӢеľӢܼǵ
һˣߵҲʮˡǵߵӣƺÿһΡʮ꣬Ҳʮ˶ѡ
п
ǵˣԶûҡࡣ
ǵ٣ȴǾԵľӢеľӢǿеǿߡ
Ц͸¶
⻰ΪȻǵյĵӻǾӢݹʢ֮򣬿¾ҲûоӢˡ
ұΪԼ츳㲻ˣǰҲʶʲô졣
Ŀ⸴ӵؿ˳һۣп
Ҳǽ˹Ԫռ䣬ҪȻδ㡣
Ц
Ȼ֪ǫ飬Գﵱӵ侳һص侳֮һʱĽûйԪռ䣬ٹһ꣬ҲȻ̤侳ء
ʮ꣬Ҳ侳ضѡ
ǰǵҡУʵҲֻǴΡ
ȣǵһ
һղһսһսԵ侳Ϊɱ˵侳صղ壬ҡ
һΪǰǵ
ȵʱѾ˵ȴˣóﾪȵǣˣȻһģһҲͬ·ɫͬ
һһס
Ǹ꣬ʼհһ
һ꣬Ϲ΢Цһá
һ˫̥Ƿ״ӣһ꣬ʵʤһ̤˵侳ء
Գ˵
ͷǵһ츳ôߵ˫̥
˫ֵ̥ܣڳͬʱĿҲ˳˵ϡ
ಣ
ʱǷ´½һ㣬Ŀһն˳˵ǰЦλѣ£
￴꣬óԷЦУƼа֮ҲûжС
Ǵ򫡣
Գ˵
Դ˵ͷ
ǳ
򫾪üֿû뵽㾹ͳʶ
һû뵽ҡл˲ʶ
תһ룬ȻԷǰʱ䶼ڱչҲ˵
ҺҸǰոճأ˵£ҲǾúܣϾҪǵȥҶҸȥѪˡ
򫿴ʱĿż־η
侳أѪ
ҡͷһЦ
ƺЦݺĺ壬ЦôǲʵѪ
򫣬ʹȻԱѰ侳ߣǲӢڵӵĶսȴûκơ
侳أѾǹȥʽˡ
֮䣬ϵ֮侳صϢһţ
㡭ͻˣ
ۣȵ
׼ȷ˵ͻˡЦ
û뵽ǾȻͻˡ
̾Ȼֻϧǵټ֮ĴȣǵȻֵܶ˿϶øΡ
㵥һҪøΡ
䣬š
磬ǳ
Ͽգվĺ˵

ĺ꣬ž޲ݣ΢΢һ˵ͷ
ҸԸˡ
ԳһЦ³ᡣ
ȴΪ⣬ԴһЦ
ˡ
ͻȻ⣬һֻһ׳˶ӣ̤ն
ͨʮ꣬侳ء
Գ˵

֮ͨ󣬿˳Ŀi˳ǰͨҵżԺָ̡
һͣû뵽Ƹ׳˶꣬ôһ档
ҵ໥̶ָѡ
ǫ
ɲָ㣬ǰʱ䣬ôӣͷΪҵżˡ
ͨɫɼ
ԱߵĴҲ


401 
ˣ
ҡ޺۽٣˹
ˣߡ
޺۶˵˵ͷ̤նȥҲչ˳˺СƹȻٶȣ˸
ˣȥΪǵӣǱȻϣǵǵҪҡ
·ϣ޺ۿˣ˵
ˣΪҡټ֮ˣǵϾǵӡΪǵӣһҲԶ޷ı䡣
ˣǵ󣬴ĲֻԼҡ
ǡæͷ
˫һʶǼǵԭߵĵӣҲٲ
ˣ֮ͨ⣬ܸһ˵ӿʸѡΣϣǳΪǵӺ󣬾ԼΪܳΪ˵ӣǰ;
޺ۼ˵˵Ϊ˵ʱҲϸ΢ı仯
˵ӣ
˳׼Ƚϵ˶Ŀü٣ؿ
ܰ£ôԶ
Ǽ˵УĻ󡣡
ЩĽ
ﵭһЦѡΣһʱ䣬Ǹʱ򣬻ʲô˭֪ҲúŬɡ
ˡ
ͻȻ򫿪ˣ޺ۣʣһ˵ӿʸѡΣʱоģɾǵߵһξټʮˣ
޺ҡͷȻǡ
ڣüͷ
ˣ֪ǵӣߵѵЩһαټȥӣǵлʮµӣ
Ҳˣ
˶޺ۣͬ
ȥȷʵֻǣǰʼǵһǱǱֱǵϽܱǱµĵӣǵӡ
޺۽͵ǰҡڵߵÿ꣬Ծټʮ˽ǵΪǱĳ֣űˡ
Ǳ
ˣǵһǵ£ôһ
ˣǱҡкβͬʵ
ǱǶһǱֱǵΪǵ񡭡ǱǿߣʢߣǻĳһͨУĴƯǵĿģΪǵھš
޺ۻ˵ǿеţΨӵһʵ󣬲ŻᱻǴǱͨˣֱӳΪǵӡ
ԣȻ
û뵽ǵյӵֶΡ
ò˵յĵӣȻš
ԣһ֮ҪԵģֻߵһμǵĵӣвǱǿھǵǿߣ١
޺ۼ˵
ֻǵͷûκνŵ˼޺ۿ˵õϢǱھǵǿߣʮ侳һߡһҲ˵ӿѡΡ
ʮ侳һأ
޺ۻ䣬˶ʱɫ䡣
Ҫ̤侳ΪΣҪĻ֮
ֻ˰֮ĵ侳ߣͻƵ侳Ǭ½ɡ
ʮ侳һأû뵽ǵֳ
ڳﾪĪͬʱĶߣƵĴ
֣
ﲻ֪ΪʲôҪ֡
Ƽ˵ǰǵһţʮ̤֮꣬ҳɾʱ򣬾˵ǸţֻΪʵĵӣ̤أʱܳɾµʣ
Ƶ䣬ų羴
ǰǿ߷ĳ羴ǵ߳ȥǸŵ츳֪
ʵӣأ
һ𣬼̺Ѫһսٴθϵѹ
ӹԪռ󣬳һΪ̤侳أ䲻ڽǰʱɱϰӣأҲţΪʮµУ֡
һ˵ӿʸѡΣҲȻܹͨ
Ǳʶͷ
ʱ֪ǵλʮ̤֮꣬ġĴڣһ˿ԽȻ޴档
ѪǣҲ֪
޺ֿˣＸˡ
ͷû˱ѪǵʵѪǲ֪ɵͨ˻ᣬ䲻⣬ȻܻѪǡ
Ѫǵʵǿ
ٺѪһսܾˡ
ϾѪѾĵϸ
޺ۼ˵ǱھǵʮµǿߣҲ˵ʵѪǡ⻹ߵ⼸еٮٮߡ
ò˵޺۵Ļٴγ˳Ｘ˵š
ﻹãϸɴ¶Ц
ڴʹֵܶˣҲĿ˸ޱȣ֪Щʲô
Ҹ˵ô࣬Ҳǣ죬ˣΪԼҡ츳Ŀˡ
޺۵䣬żࡣ
û뵽ҽ˹Ԫռ䣬ʵǵʮµж𡣡
ﴫƣ̲סһ̾
СӣԶҪСš츳Ȼɷ棬ȫֵһᡭȻ߲̺ͨ츳׷ǡ
ƴңҲ룬Сʼڵʲôǣʲô
ͷͨһҲ֪ԼţǼ⣬©¡
СӣҸ㽻ס
ͻȻִ
ţɻ󣬲֪ʲôҪԼ˵
˵꣬ҺɶϻӣʢһȥһλʵʷλʣڵʱҲ֮Ϊʣ֪̤֮
ꣿ
ʮ꣡
Ƽҧ
䣡
Ȼ׼ǸоԼԺȻһƬհס
λʿڶʮꡢʮ̤֮
Ƕʮ꣬Ҳ̫ȡ
ɶʮꡭ
ЩԽܡ
رǵ˺ÿһ꣬蹵
ʱֵʵ˵ЩҲ㡣
һۣ⻹ʲôд
ʮ侳
ֱ˲
ǲࣿ
ݺݵ˿ĭЩĵѯʵ
Է࣬һޣĳɾͣĴô
Ȼ࣡
ƵĻ׻˳һ˿ʵ룺֮˵ʮ꣬ʮ̤֮ҲûС
˵һ仰Ĭ
Сӣҿûƭ㣬ʮ̤侳Ĵ˵ĴڵģȻЩԶ
ʮ֮
̲סһۣƣ㻹Ǳɡ
ƣѵ׼ɣ


402 Ȩ
ˣ޺·һƬƬİĻ
ڣǿһĳС
еĹ죬ҡǼƣҲһ죬ңңȥԿϿգͬһơա
ˣȨ𣿡
Ƹ߳ǡȨǡʱÿ޺ۡ
޺۵ͷȨǡ
޺۴ǴȨǣһĿеʱＸ˶һǲµеʲôطֻǣǾ֡
Ϊδ
޺ǿ˳Ｘ˵ɻ󣬵ʱȨפţȥȨһЩºٳ
ȨѲߵӣڷֳһ˺Ȼء
ֻǣ޺۱¶ݺЩȨӣؽ޺ӭ˽ȥ
޺ۣ㲻ΪҡġӮǵĶԼɣ
Ｘ˸޺󣬸սȨפأһݶ䡣
ԷᵽԼﲻɻعĿǰӡ
Զ߿գһɫۣ׳˶ӣ̤ն䣬ݼ͸¶ͣû˿߸ϵļӣʼգ϶Цݡ
Ȩ
һԲ²⡣
ˣ
ʱһ˽ȨѲߵӣ
Ȼ¶ˣӣȨӺ
ӺܲӮɲ˵㡭Ȼ֪ǾӦ֪ʵ㲻˰ɣˣĶԼգҲƽϡ
޺ۿˣ˫΢΢𣬵һЦ
£
ӺЦˣ޺ۣǵһʶӺʱ¹ֻǲ̫ѿѣʵǲɱ˲ӢڵӡҪ֪Ȩġ࡯ЩӢڵӣһȲϡУҲֻǸѪǡʤֺ
Ȼ֪޺ۺӺ֮ʲôԼӺⷬ޺󣬳ߵĿⶼЩŹ֡
ѪǶʤˣȣ
ǶʶȨӺ֪ѪǵϢ
ʵϣӺȷʵ֪
ЩϢҡǴٻҪʱ䡣
޺۴һ·ĳһˣ侳ȫеٶһ·ġ
Ѫǣ
޺¶ȣû뵽Ȩ࣬ܺѪһս
ǡ
ӺЩ
Ｘ˿޺ڵı飬Щǻû뵽λƽʱҡԵޱȵĵˣһ档
ֱڿȨ
Ȩڻ
ǵ̲סȨ˼
֮ȨפϣһƬɳĮ֮ϣѹѹȺ֮УΪ׳ۡ
ôˣ
˺Сƹҡ޺۵ĴµʱҲһ
ǲֻ˺ѹѹһȺȨӣȨĳϡҲ˲٣ֱڽһʢ¡

ʱ޺ۿû뵽ǼһƸôһ࣬콫ܡţɱҲνǸҪļһ϶ֵġ
ͷЦ
Ȩ޺۳ΪҪļһ
һսǰ޺۾͸ȨӺһǰµĶԼҡȨټǵǿӣǰǵǰһս
ʤߣӮöԼ
ﵹ֪޺۸ӺĵʲôҲûʡ
ҪģǺȨһܳӡࡱһսƱҪʤ
˵һʼֻ޺ۡ
񿴵ǰôƣ֪ԼĲֻǵһˣҡ
һսʤҡ٣
ܣҡ衣
ҡԪռһ˹С
мҡмҡ޺ۡ
ǣԼԼڶʱڣõ˵ɱ䡣
ս
Ϊҡս

ͻȻԶণһӰƲ֮£Ʈޱȡ
ˣ
ˣ

ڳƺƵȨ֮ˣ׷׶г˾η
ڳǰģȨӺΪ׵һˣӺ֮ˣˣҲˣӦþȨ¸ĵ
Ӻ󣬻һˡ
ˣ㿡ݣһƮƮһӵ棬վ·һ豹ĹŽһ͵ĸо
ޣ
һ˲²⣺Ӧþˡ
ҡ
ҡ

ʱӺһˣ޺ۡＸ˻һӺĸˣ׷׶޺۵ͷʾ⡢
Ӻһǹİɣô̡
޺ɨӺһۣü˵

Ӻ޺⻰Ϊ޺ˣʱ޺ۣʱģҡŵӺȨŵһսҲȨڵǳұǶˡ㣬ɣ
˵ӺЦЦ޺ۡ
޺˫ҡҡͷȻᣬֻǾЩͻȻ
һǸǰһӡ
޺һۣӺϵЦݸﰵ
Ϊ޺ֻš

޺ۿڡ
ࡣ
ӺҲˡ
һ˲䣬ӰֱĿ֮£Զ˵֮У໥š
ˣһ̣ĿĽ㡣
Ǹǳҡŵӣ޲ߵĴڣ
һЩȨӣ˹ȥһʱ䣬ҡĴš
Ȼ紫Űᣬ˵ֻжʮꡭʮ꣬һ侳ΪܻڶྫӢڵӣѵá
ǰҶʮʱҲͻƵ侳ء
ֻϧעҪС
Ȼ಻ֻһΪ̤˵侳أ֮⾳򵽵ھأ֮壬Ҳ벽֮ң
ֻϧൽڻûں⾳Ľ֮⾳̫Եˣһ⾳֮ԺĽ֮⾳ϡ

ȨӣŶŵĳˣ׷š
ʱŵˣҲˡ
ࡣ
һϮۣ棬ңңųһ档

΢΢ͷݼƵᣬѲѡ
ǿͣȳְɡ
࿪ڡ
һЦȳ֣û֡
Ȼȴ˶ˣһʱ䣬Χ۵ڶȨӣԴ˵֣ûֵĻᣡ
̫ˣ
ߣŻǲ̫ţԴ֮ˣҲྫӢڵܴ죿

ֻȨӱġ񡱼ŭȨһڸ߲㣬üͷ
޺ۣҡﻹ̫ˣʢҪúĥ
ȨӺ޺˵
޺۵һЦˣǺ£أ


403 ǵ
Ǻ£Դˡ
Ӻҡҡͷ˵
Դ
޺ӺĻﰵЦ
ţӺ˽϶˵Ļ
Զŵ࣬Ļ󣬾ٺãҲ΢΢ɫӻڳϣνҡţѵҲֻˣƤӣ
ҡҡͷʶͶ͸¶İ֪ǱԼĻŭˡ
ûٶ˵ʲô
ǰһϵ֮𣬻ħһħ
ˡ
ں⾳֣ħ֮ϵħ˲ɾŲ㣬̤ն绯һ磬̼͵ĲԶħ£Яź嫾˵ơ
ǿһ
ڳȨӣԸоһĿ¡
ȨӺڵȨ߲㣬һɫҲʶֻǣҲС
ݣ
Գµһ൭Ȼ¶֮ɫĹӳһ˲ʡ
һµĽ֮⾳绯쫷磬ڽ֮۵ĵ֮·һ㣬ֱӳħҪħһٻ顣
һ༸ȫʩΪޱ
ΪʶԳʩչħȫʩΪѵ¡
ȻʱһǲʲôĿⲻԾת˲䣬ͷֳħħһ飡
ݡ
ڳ̧˲䣬һƿ쵽£ԷӦĴâֱӶһѹ֡Ϣĸо
̼䣬ָоһǱһƴ̹ǵĺ紵
ϣ
ǧһ֮ʣһͶ嫵ƾճ֣ϾҪ͸Ĵâǣһ࣬
ڳﲢ⡣
Ŀ⣬ԶȨӺϣղţӺ־ࡣ
Ұˡ
ҼһϵİȻ޴棬Щʧ䡣
á
˵ͷ˻޺۵
ô£
ղŷʲôʦֲǻǸĹռϷ𣿡
ߣǵ˳֣Ǹǿֶں档
̫ˣֻǵ侳߶ѣҺôҲ̤侳һأԲ׽ӳһƴâʲô
һС̬ͨӦڰͨһ֡
Ҳôǿ

ڳȨӣۿԼΪͬ࣬ҡӳһܣ׷۷׷ס
ѹָղų˵Դʵ
̫ˣŶʮ갡
ٸʱ䣬ˣԪռˡ

ȨӣԳ̬˸츲صת䣬䣬Գ˾η
޺ۣһڸװ
ȨӺ޺ۣһЦһǰ¶Լʱ뵽յһĻ˰ɣ
ʱ֪Լ޺ۡˣȨҲͰˡ
Ȩĸ߲ǣһҲ¶Ц
޺۹һЦӺ⻰˵ÿɾЩˣһǰ侳ΪûУ֪յʵ
ǶԳţҴģ
Ӻһۣ˵뵽ġ
ţӺֿ˳ò˵һ̣ǺĽ޺۵ģҡôһλߣǵߵټӴʱȻʡ
֪ʱÿǵеߵټӴȣѾΪǵߵ̨ߵκһϣеڴʱո¶ͷǣΪ⡣
ʵѪ
ʱҲصӺߣ¶֮ɫ
࣬ˡ
ԣֻǵһЦ
̲ͨס˵ǰʱ䣬ջѪǣѪߵѪǲ֣ѪѾɱ
ѪһսͨҲڳ
ŶЩȣǲ֪ʱּֿɬ
֪£Ҳȡ衣
ܻѪǣ֡
ȨӺͨĻ޺һۣ޺ۣû뵽¶ҡ
޺ҡͷһЦ£Ҳ̫
Ӻӵؿ޺һۣһ㲻֪йı顣
ΪĿ»ԵʣＸ˸޺Ȩפס˵ļʱҲܵȨд
Ϊ磬۵ǿ߶õӦеء
պ󣬳˺Сƹͬ޺뿪Ȩפء
һ뿪ģȨˣԵӺΪ׵ˣȻС
ĸӣҲȨǿߡ
ǵλڹʢ֮УȨפسһ·ǰУǰǵķ
Գʮ˵ٶȣһºһްĴǣڳ˵ǰǣ濴ҡǡǺȨû̫𣬿ռȴҪǰߴһ
ǳǣ
ʢŴ֮ף
Ȼû˽ܣﻹǵһʱȷеĵϸȻǳɡ
ҡ޺ۺȨӺųˣǳϿշӶһ޴Ŀе֮ǰе죬ҡפغȨפؼ
Уһɽ壬Ϊۡ
һ޽ֱȻ
ǵפأ
ʮһǵפصˣˡ
ǵҡȨµط
ţ
ͻȻüͷһ壬ǲʲôԶƶˡ
ڳüͷɲǣҲӦ˹ţʣµİҲ׷׷Ӧ˹
޺ۣߵֻֻޣ
Զƶϵ޺ۺӺͷˣӺＸ˵ķӦüͷ΢޺ۡ
Ҳ˵ҡŵӳߣһֻޡ

޺۵ͷӺĿ¶Ľȡ
ޣǿߣһȤ
޺۵Ӻ
ʱԶƶˣͻȻһֱ̣Ӵƶˣ绯磬˳һˣ޺ۺӺǰ
ˣƺͰһʵȴɲ⡣
λˡ
޺ۺӺ˵ͷһЦ
λǵˣɡ
˻һк޺˵
޺ۺӺ󣬳һ˸˵˾廹һξһɽ֮⡣
ʱӺڵɽ壬ǵеĽ塣
⻰ǶԳȵһǵ˵ġ
ѾΪλźס
λٴοڣһųһ˽˽塣
ôɽ壬ֻһ塣
ǰľ޴ɽ壬Ϊп
ǵפ壬ҪСһЩɱɽ壬ȴҪߴ٣룬ȳȥļפص壬Ҫࡣ


404 似
ǵĽ壬һɽ壬ûɽ·ֻһڰɽȱڴĽ
ŽתȦͿؿϣһ
⣬޺ۺӺ໥ͷŸԵеӷֿһҡӣƣ޺۽ڲԶɽһ֮ǰ
ǰ棬һʯš֡
˵ǵʱϢĵط
޺۽˵
Ｘ˵ĿǰĽϣΪ㣬ÿһ㶼м¥󣬽Χ˻ݲݣǲ
ҪǣԪŨ̶ȣȻҡפд󲿷ֵطĻҪŨ
Ҹ¥󣬽һʱ䣬ΪȴټӴȿʼ
޺۶ԳＸ˵
ǡ
ＸӦ̤ն𣬸Խһ¥󣬳ѡ¥ߵ¥󣬴ס˽ȥ
סȥ󣬳֮⾳ƬԼƾ衰̡֮⾳
ʱ䣬Ȼš
Щӣ͸¥Ĵһǰ壬²⣬ЩӦþǵߵˡ

¥дʱ䳤ˣҲԼ˶ˣһգ¥⴫һ

߳¥󣬿ˣ΢Ц£
Һʹ׼ǳǡȥմ֣ȥ𣿡Цʡ
˿֪ʡ
˻㱨ҲӦˣֻǲҪ¡˵
УҲóȥɢɢġ
ͷкСƹһƣߣȥǳǣ
ƣͬ¥󣬾Ϳֵܶ˺ͨѾһֱ֮뿪˽壬ǳǵķȥ
ǳǣԿһޱȵĴȳǰϼĹ·Ҫ
࣬
УһߵĳЩÿģ඼ΪǰС
һ߽ǳǣоͺнǣг档
ǳУ۵ҩƬĵ̣вٳ۹似ĵ̡
ǽȥ
ǰĵ̣ʳˡ
̧ͷȥǰĵ̣һ۹似ĵ̣ģĴ󣬸һСȫͬ
˶û飬ͬ˽ȥ
ս̣ͿһòŮӦǰ¶Ƶ΢Цλˣʲô԰ǣ
˵뿴һЩؼ߽似

ŮӦͷһӭһ̨ǰڷһ似ȫǵؼ߽似
ôĵؼ߽似ǳҲ̲סզࡣ
ڻʱ򣬵ؼ߽似ǼѵõĶﲻֻóۣǶˡ
ף
ܿ죬﷢֣ǰÿһ׵ؼ߽似֮ǰһǩһǩĿϣ
ǧơؼ߽似أأشɣһ˻ϵϻ֣ͨǿ
Щǩϸ˵һ似ġ
չֳһ似ĸ
õ似ֶ߳ԵʱҲ
һ㣬ʶˡ
ֻǣ۹似ĵ̣Щֱ۵˳ÿһ˶Ըõȥѡ
ȻԳԣЩ似ٺãҲá
˵ˡɵ⡷ǰ켶似ԲҪЩؼ߽似ʵǡɵ⡷ҲֻΪý飬ͨں⾳
ɵ⡷Ϊ켶似شɣʩչķʱ
ԶѰĵؼ߽似
ֻǣɵ⡷ķûù
Ϊͷ֣ѵצľŲ֮Ʒ롶ɵ⡷ķͻˡѵצķȥɵ⡷ķ
˵ɵ⡷شɣĻ
ǡѵצӳɾŲ൱˱
Ҳǳ⾳㲻ǿȴڵ侳г͵ԭյġѵצķ죬켶似ķҲ硣
Ȼ켶似ѵצȱݾǲں֮ơں⾳ںϰ塣
Щڳԣûʲô
ں⾳棬켶似ɵ⡷棬СѵצľŲ֮ƣߺһ似ϣԶߡ
ûƫˮԵĵؼ߽似
һüͷ΢ŮӦ
ˣǸǵһˮԵؼ߼似ǰոոȥ
ŮӦ˵
ͷＸˣûҪûУǵȥ
Ｘ˶ҡͷһ뿪ҵ̡
ҼǵĲǵؼ߽似ˮô
뿪̺󣬴
ͷ漴Цǣǡˮֻǣ⡶ˮȴǲƪûеھؼأأѾͷˡ
ԣ׼һˮ似תޣ
ǡġˮˮ似תޱˮ似ڵĻתҪ򵥵Ķ࡭ϧûҵˮԵؼ߽似
˵̾˿
ģǵô󣬻вٳ似ĵ̣˵һҵ
Ц
Ըˡͷ
һǰ̲߳ãӰûʧڴľͷһ۵׳˶ˣ˼һۣ߽˵̡
׳˶ж磬Ϻ޷Զŵĳɫ棬·˹ȼա
ܿ죬׳˶뿪˵̣һȥˡ
Ｘһ·ֽ۹似ĵ̣ûҵʺԼˮԵؼ߽似
ƣ㵱һѹ似棬ˮԵؼ߽似
￴һʧı飬̲סơ
ˣɱ˲ˣǵĹ似ҶӽݽӵģҪ֪Լúȥ
ƴص
Цµһѹ似β룬Ƽ似ؼ似У˵ҲгǧףҪȥģ÷Ķá
ﶼɣƵǲٵСšС壬ҪȻôĹ似
λǿǶˮԵؼ߽似Ȥ
Ｘٴ뿪һҵ̣ճţͱһ
ǵˣһݣͨˣһ˫˸а⣬һ֪ʲôˡ
ֻǣᵽˮԵؼ߽似ʱȤУ
ûС
ҡͷ¶ʧıʱֵǶУֵȤȥһˣǶҿĵ̣ǰսǴ
ȥЩ
ã
Ｘ˸˵󣬳￴˵ıӰܾЩףȴ˵ﲻס


405 ֮
һˣߵ˴·ǰĹսǴȷʵһ۹似ĵ̡
λˣʲôҪ
棬һӦǰ˴к΢Цʵ
СΣ⼸λҪˮԵؼ߽似ǵȥѡɡ
˶Ӧ˵
ӦͷＸӭ˽ȥСƹһظڳĲ鲻ԸŽµĲ
úܿмһƬյأΧϣһ׹似
ˮԵؼ߽似ıߣ
Ӧʡ
ʱŷ֣ӦߵһǣҲ֪ڵʲôһ̣ã˸貵Ĺ⻪
Щ⻪ãڳһϡ
ͻأı仯óＸ˶ʱɫ䡣
ǳҲû뵽ᷢ䡣
Ǵƣ
ʱƾ˹
ＸֻоǰһһգԼѾ뿪˵ãһƫƧĶ֮ڣ߼ΪΧɱ֮⡣
˺СƹǸӦƾճ
ȻǵõĴƵĿĵء
ݣ
ʼգԴƵĳֳ֣ƽĴˣһ֣һŽǸӦ
䡪
ֻǣһɸǿԶ׾پͽĽ顣
侳
üͷʶǼο̯ˡ
ʱΧһںµӰ·ƾճһ㣬˷Χ˹ղų֮ˣҲֳΡ
һɫۣųɫˣ̤ݡ
ǳħڵˣ
ˣü
Сӣ㵹ֻϧգҪΪͬˡ
һۣͣ˵
ţ
üͷһ壺ʲô˼
ʲô˼ǾҪͬˡЦͬʱĿ⣬ߵĳϣڿʱһ˿ɱ⡣

ͨʹֵܣû뵽ǳǻгҡ
ҲסˣԼȥûеǳǣҲǵһμǰӣʲôħڣҲǵһ˵
ʲôˣΪңʶ𣿡
ˣüͷ
Ȼʶңʶ㡭ǳħڵˣϵùɣЩ۵ͬ顣
˫𣬵˵
ôĿ
̤ͨǰһЦһħڣʢһţΪʢǵˣʢ֮УЩˣǳħǵģʶĻϽ뿪ȻһߣҲˡ
ＸǵϢһʱ䣬ҡӷΣһװҲûб¶Լݡ
ò˵ͨһúɫһ䣬ͨ˵ⷬʱš
ʱ̲סɨʼ̽Ｘ˵ĵϸ
侳أһ侳أһ侳ءһֻżǲŶ󣬾˸Ϊ
̽鵽Ｘ˵Ϊʱɫһ
û뵽⼸ʮˣ˿µʵ
ʢȷʵǳħڵ£ɾǼˣǳħڻǳԵµġּˣǷе⣿
ʱһŮԶ䣬ϵó
˭
üͷһ壬ԶԶһںµŮӣŮһɴò
ȴŮЩϤʲôط
ʲôˣ
ʡ
ǹ˶£ѵĲǵˣ
Ůӵżַ̡

˿ĿŹ֣û뵽ﻹһ֮
ɫ΢ԷƺΪ֪ڻ£֪ǻīʯ۹ŵġ
ܿ죬УյǵӰ𽥵ǰӰΪһ塭
￴Ůժɴ¶ʱɫ΢Ȼ㣡
ңǲǺ⣿
ժɴŮӣǱˣǵΪŸ𣬸ѪħʱߵǸŮӣŮҲǰӡ

뿪󣬳Ҳûôϣȴǲٴμ
ںʢһųħڵˡ
Щ⡣
˵ͷĳ֣Ԥϣڣ˹ħڵΪʲôҪԼƭ˵أԭΪ
ڳħУЩλֻǣΪվΪ塢Ѫħű𣿡
һЦƽؿ
㲻ù򶨣ɲȻΪǼˣԺҳħڿ⣿
Цһ
㽫ɱˣ֮£ʹ˽ᣬħ޹ء
￴Զĺˣ˵֮䣬ӹɵ
˵ɫû뵽ﻹҶʩ
㵱ﵱ㼫Ųɣ
ЦͷڹŪ顣

üͷһ壬ͻȻ䣬ƺЩϤĿ⣬һһڳＸӹ˳ߵСƹϡ
ɫѵҡǸŵӣ
˲乤򣬺˸оԼĺüڣףΪʲôǰ˵ʵôǿǵͣΪš

Ǹҡһξټǵĵӣ
ˣѾǰ϶ǵӣ
ʦ뽫ɱ
￴ˣ͸¶ַ֮⡣
ҴӼפӳһ·У뿪˻뿪ЩɱǺ˾
Ȼ˾Ҳûʲôģһ·Ϊ¯Ԫ˫ޣ
ˣʦʵˡ
һΣԲҪЮδػΪͷ
ˡ
ﻰһ䣬˳ˣֻǣĿȴǳＸˣ
īâӹֱӴ͸壡
ΪΪʲô
һ˫ӵɵûԲźˣȫǲ˼飬֪ʲô
ǳǼΪԼԽ˵ɱ˭֪˷ֽɱˣ֪ʲô¡
ֱʶʧʬȻصɲǣû׵׷ʲô¡
ֻˣһĻҲĿɿڴ
ǰı仯̫ˣ
ȻҲʶˣܿѾµǵݣϾڵĳʢΧڣЩġ
ղǸŮ˽гֺ󣬺ϱɫǶ
ߣ
˺һֱۣȥ
ۿһȥվԭأҶΪѾһɴĿϢǿߵϢ


406 ǵ
˱ųһ亹ʶղԳＸ˳ˣǱڰλǿߣȻڵһʱ佫ɱ
ʱֻҪĳħҲҪù
λǿǵˣǵκһˣǳħܿġ
ļˣҸˣ
ŭɨʬһ̧ۣ֣֮Хֱӽʬޡ
û뵽㻹
һ뿪ͨЦü͸¶ֺ档
Ҳ˵˵£ò棿
˻Ǻ汦ҡͷʲôҲһ˦ƹѡ
ͨ׷£Ը˵Լǰ¡
㾹ʢ֮еһС򣿡
֪ˣޱȣԭΪһʢˣϾЩƫƧС֮Уٳ츳׿֮
ԼЩƫƧСķչ
û뵽㾹ȻһС򡣡
̲סпһʼʢ֮Уں̤֮ܿܶˡ
ͨͷΪȻ
ˣǾͱˣֱӻǳǣǻؽ壿ʡ
ؽɣħڵ˸¶ûˡ
ü˵
ߣǳħڵˣƭȥ󻹲ҪԹԷߣһȺ׳գ
ͨͺһм
ؽ壬ڣûʲô
ǵפأһξŵ壬Ｘ˷ǰҲȥˣӵķΣһιӡ
һˣһʮҵӣҲʽķΡ
ǵӣ
üͷ΢˵
ô֪һ
ǵӷΡ˵
Ȼԭǵӷξģʽӷû̫ɫȴȫͬͼҲͬ
ڳ˺СƹֵʱǰҲǡ
ǳ
ǳˣӦþһҡټĸˡ
ӣͺһ

Եǵüͷ΢ǸѪǵĳ
ǵģԭʦ֡
ӹص
ǵӡԭǰӱټǵĵӣżĹУǰʱҡԿΪҲΪġ
Ǹ÷зҡӡԭԴĵ
ߣҡû취ǵҵҪúý̽ò
һʣԭҧ˵ġ
ۿԭ̤նֱＸ˴ȥæȥ
˱ǰʲôǺܿͷ֣Էô룬ǸǵΪףӰǵȥ·ϡ
ô˻˼ǣɣ
ͨЦĿӵϣ·ûпǸǵӣǵӦòҡ¡

ԭɨͨһۣҪҪԣ
ͨɫһǵӣҡ£Ҳܣ
Ц
ԭЦˣҽԭӣǰżǵǵȴʱǣҿһӡ
ＸɫʶԷµġ
ôʹǵ꣬Ҫ۸ЩûʽΪǵӵˣ
ͨ˿ãЦ
۸
ԭĿһҾ۸ˣΣ
һ䣬ԭ֮𣬱˦ͨӦ֮ǰ˳ȥͨѪ䳤գˡ
ͨ
Ｘɫ䣬ǰ׷ͨȥͨȥˡ
ڳʹ򫡢ˣ·õһ㣬̤ǰԭš
ô֣
ԭ˵ĶʱЦˣ֮Х𣺡Ҿʽǵǰúý̽ǵĹءңǵúһʦ֣
ϵ֮Ҳޱ壬ɫ˫ͫŽԭʱ׼ȥ
ޡ
ԭһۣе̰һš
ޣκ߶ǿޣ֮ܵ·ؽһ·ƽ
ֻϧֻˡ
ִ˵еޣֻҪ϶һˣһͲ
ԭô뵽վǰޣͲޡ
ۿһԭţսһ
ԭԽԽȥˣûŵʦֵܣҲµ֡
ʱһ̵ԶƮ촫
Ｘ˻ûӦһ紵ǵǰһӰ
һԼĪʮͷˣһϮɫۣĸߴ㣬Գ˵ͷǰʱҾ˵¼ΪҡˣġҸȥ˵ˣ޲ڣҲպúù㡣
ʦôƺ
΢Цʡ
˵Ļﻹ֪ǰˣҲǳҡӦúͽԭһ㣬Ҳһǰټǵĵӡ
ࡣ΢Ц
ࣿǵʦ֣
һȵؿ࣬иֳֳ֮ɫʦ֣ҼҡûãҲûü㣬͵ǵȥˡû뵽һл㡣
ʦǴ򫻹Ǵ
࿴˴һֿۣ˴һۣʡ
򫡣
æ
࣬ʲô˼ҡĵӲҲкҹܽһ¶У
ԭɫŵࡣ
ҡӶͲҪԭˡǴʦ뿪ɣڵɲô˿
㣡
ԭ߳ŭ֮ӿ
ô㻹һսɣ
Цˣһ˫ӣ˸ź⣺룬ǰټӴȣǰԼһսϴˢճ裬ǰˡһǰ
࣡
ÿ˵һ䣬ԭɫѿֱ֣Ӵ˵Ļ̫
ɨ˽ԭһۣЦһ漴ӽԭЦݿＸˣλʦܣǸմǳǱ߻
ǡ
Ｘ˶ͷ
Ŀ⣬ʱӹԶĽԭֽԭȻգȴûжֵ˼ʱҲµԭӦòλʦֵĶ֡
ߣ
Ľԭȥ뿪֮ǰĿ˳Ｘ˵ϣ˸żֺ⣬˶ɡ
λʦܣǸԭһСˣԺǵ鷳һʱҡ
ŽԭӰʧڽ崦̧֣һöɫӣݸǡӦ顯ĵʱġС⡯ֻҪǵפطΧڣ㽫֮УҵһʱܸӦҸϹԮǡ


407 ߵ֮
Ｘ˶û뵽ʦֻһλʦ
öӦ飬Ȼ˵С⣬֪еĹȻΪӣִ̺۸ӵơ
¸Ӧ飬󣬳ＸҲ˽塣
û뵽ʦֻһʦ
ֻͨ˵ˣûʲô󰭣ȥ·ϣղŷ£̲ס̾ż⡣
ҽ˵ʦǰҡʱΪͼܵͼӵĳݡ
˵û뵽ǻûʽΪǵӣͼ˵ʦ֣Ե֡
ʦ˵öԣǸԭɲʲô࣬ԺǼ˿ɶҪСһЩ
üͷ΢˵
ߣǸԭ侳ΪѹǣͻƵ侳Ҫÿ
ͺһ
λʱͱ뿪ˣʽΪǵǰһټӴȣҲܿҪʼˡ
˵
˶ͷΪȻ
صԼʱӵ¥󣬳ȡƣҲµָżƬ͹似
˰죬ȡһ似
似ʺ
ﵭһЦ뿪Լӵ¥ȥ
£
ﵽЩɻ󣬲֪ʲô

̧֣׼õ似ݸ
һͫһڽ似ɲҪõˮԵؼ߽似
ĵģ档
Ҹպǰڻʱ򣬳Ҽ似ҷһ£ʺġ˵
лˡ
һͷ
֮䣬ʲô
ҡͷһЦкתͻȥˡ
ųıӰ¶΢Ц
ݶ顣
ߵټӴȣǵһͳǵߵʱѴڣͳǵҷȻȻһֱȥ
ʱֵ꣬ǵߵټӽǵӡ
ߵټĵӽǵǰߵټӴȣɴǵֱ۵ȥ˽Щµӡ
ȻھټӴлúóɼһĪҫ
գߵټӴȵӣУƽߵӶûʵشڽУĬĬصȴŵڶĵ
͡
壬Ľ֮ϣһ¥ڣµˣ忪Х
ת˲֮䣬һ׳˶Ӱ·ƾճ¥ǰ̤¥Уĳӣ΢ȵѪǣĵ֮⾳򵽵ھˣ
ӣص˵ͷ
ǰ׳˶Ҳû¶˿ǫ֮ɫ
ͳһս֮⾳أ򵽾أں⾳ͻͽҡĳδĶ֡
лԨҲĿ
ͻȻ䣬ԼľǶôȷ
ڶ߲㣬ΪѪǵ£ӶǣԸѪǽǵ
ΪѪ֮ѪĴΣһټѪǡ
Ϊˣϧչֳϣ߲졣
ΣһὫɱ
Ѫԣ˸ų޵Ĺ⻪ϵš
лԨ˵ߵټȣһΣһǵǿ߻ֹԣھټӴʱɱܡ
Ѫüɫһأ
֮ԸӦлԨֶԸΪлԨǵӾټջ
ڳѪǸǱҡǿɱ˷ŭ
ΪԼɱҪһʱлԨҵ˵Ҫһǵټ
˵ټĻѪġ
ᣬϧ
ΪҪϴˢǰܣܳɱΪѪǱ
лԨԣ޷ھټӴʱɱҲЩ
ҪɱԺǡǵӣһӶǵ
лԨѪǵ˼˵
һѪǵ˫֮䣬¶а졢ѪȵĹ⻪һɱΪѪ𣡡
ߵټӴȣڽķ۽С
ǵһλλϣһˣ׷Բԣü룬һϮƮݵĻɫۣԵɷǡ

ڽ۵ߵ΢Цǵλк䣬͸¶𾴡
һתۣȥˡǺܲ
΢΢һЦĿ⣬ܿҡ޺ۡϣ޺ۣ˵ҡһλ츳ĵӣһοˣ
޺۵ͷͬʱк
һֱվ޺עҲ˵ϣղյƵĴ֪˵ʵߵеκһ˶Ҫǿ
ˡ
﹧
ǳ
й⻪ǣ˳漴ǹһЦܺãܺáҡ㣬Ҳһ컯
˲ͳԱߵлԨɫЩѿ
ѪվлԨ󣬿ʱоɱ⡣
ǳ
ǸɱϰپӢڵӣ޲ߵĳ
û뵽ôᡣ

ڳΪ֮ˣǵߵĵȨӺʶĴǵһμһ¶
һ֮ҡѹ£Ƕš
ǰҲڸпҡĺ
˹ˡ
ǫ
ʵǿꡭԺʱ䣬ൽȥ
ص˵ͷͬʱ롣
һ
æͷ˿ɡ
ǰλˣߵҪηĴڣҵ
޺ۺӺڣߵһû뵽˻ôس
ĸӣʱи¶Ľͼʵ⣺ãûʽΪǵӣ͵õǵ
ϣʵȻҶҪڴкݺݵͷ
˱ˣˡ



ͻȻ۵Χһӿ֮һӰԶ֮ϡ
ЩˣǵӷΣֵǵӡ
ʱҲڽתϣθټӴȣȥͬʮ֮ߵ֮ľ
ţ
˵Ļڳüͷһơ
ǡ
޺ۿˣһɻ
֪ټӴȾͻȻ˹ء
˵ǵ˵˼ߵ֮໥ǿһ
˻䣬޺ڵߵüһ˫۷Ź⡣
ξټӴУΪǿһĪҫ
ߵ֮䣬Щϣ˭˭


408 쾵
λǵڣڳˣҲ֪ξټӴȵ¹
˵ǰľټӴȣߵӸ֮һΣǸ֮
ÿһټˣһСӣһСӾսʤΪսһȡʤζŵõʤ
ߵһһ
λеһޱǳ֮£ǵףǿɾǶϻˡ
ȵЩ˼
Ŀһ΢
һСӣ໥ʤҲζŵõʤ
ûкϷˣû뵽¹򣬿϶Щ˼
һֵǵӣ¶Цݡ
ǰεľټӴȿʡ
ǵ˵
ʱΪǵˣٴοڣڣɳǿһˣ򡣡
Ȼ֪˵ľʲô˼ߵ׼

޺תֱӿԣѡóϡ
ͷ
˶û֪֮ǿľǳ
ʱҲѡˡ
Ȩѡľࡣ
ѡȻѪǡ
ֻĵﲢϤҲʶѡˡ
Ѫڣ߸ǿ̤նųһУˣҲǵ
΢΢ͷżɽڣһȡһǾȫʩչǿֶζйǵֶΣ׼ȷжϡ
ţ
˵Ļó껹ڶʱǿԲ侳ʵġʯʯɲ侳ߵΪ侳֣߳һȭԻٵʯ
ڳ֮ʱ̧֣ܿ죬һŤľӣ˵ǰ
һ澵ӣʻɫŹ֡
ڣҵ㵽ˣǿֶι⾵ӡ
˿ڵͬʱ˳վߵһˣʹ㿪ʼԼʩչǿֶΣ澵ӡ
˵㵽ģһˣһһȣվ΢Ƿڵˡ
³˰
ţʩչǿֶΣ澵ӡ˵
ˣҿ澵ӲͬѰӣȫ֣»Ὣٵʱûֱӳ֣ˣЩɡ
ܻٵô˵棬ϼһΪŵӡ
Ļʱˣֱӵ
ݲȻһͣҲʶ˶澵ӵţǾ֣һ澵ӣֵܵȫһ

ϣ֮ХɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣһֻԳӰ֣һ⣬ڣ¡𣬷·𱻸˼
⾳֮ںһȭͷϡ
ȣ
һȣ˶ˣɲǼ·磬ȭըףصľӡ
ȭɲǣϱǵ֮ͨٲȻһֻԳ츳ͨһ̣·Գںһ㡣
Ŀ֮£ȭ澵ӵľϡ
ס
￴һȭھϣֻһȦȦͽĹʱ̲סЩ
ƣ֪⾵ʲô𣿡
ﴫߵơ
һ˫ɫͫתƬ̣ص澵ӣЩ񵱳Ҵϻӣִϻһͷ˵һ
ʲô
ʡ
һ˹ǿȵġ쾵ǿʦƷ
˵˵쾵汻˾ʮŵޱȵǧƣ׼ȷߵﵽʲô̶ȡĵλƺǡƥ
ƥ
ﻹɻصľӣ˱仯
һʮƥ
ھӵľϣһȦȦɢָƽҲУڳ˶ˡ
ˣǡ
Ϊһ澵ܳסȫȣϳֵʱһɻ󣬿ˡ
ǿֶεĹǿȡ
˶˵ͣԵ侳ΪʩչǿȵĹѾѵˡһĵ侳ߣǵĹǿȣձ鶼һƥҡ
ԣĿһضʱؿ˳Ｘһۡ
һ
ʱ˿ߵˣֵˡ
˵㵽ˣһƤڵİ꣬վ󣬿˵ˣҽСīҡӡ
˵˵ͷȥɣǿֶΣ澵ӡ
ΪīҵҲᳵ·Լ츳ͨе֮۳һǹǹһ̺ſµĴ͸ֱؾӵľ档
ɲǼ䣬ٴīҵĹ
īҵĹӦñǸǿ
ͷͿؾӵľϣһ֣һʮƥ
īҵĹǿȣƥ
Զīҳĳɼɫʱ¡
һ
īһȥ˵Ŀ⣬һӰ֮ϣӰˣǱˣȨࡣ
ޣ˿౳ĹŽĿһ
ǣˡ
æӦ
ְɡ˵
ͷʣ֮ؽ֮⾳ʱͷ֮ϣͨҲֳΡ
ͬһĽޣȫ֣ͨûڣֻǻһ޴ĽӰ֣Хֱؾӡ
һĽ⣬ֱӾ棬޾
һ̣ڳ֮ˣ̲סһпŵǶʶĿǰֵУһĹֶΪ
˵Ŀ⣬ھϣҪ֪ղһĹǿȡ
һʮƥ
ĳɼڳ
˵ǰ˵Ĳ໹Ļһӿȫǰ˵ľ롣
ϵԣ˾գˡ
ȨӺԼ桱˾ƽһЦü֮⡣
һʮƥ
߿֮ϣǵڵҲһ̾Ȩ࣬ں⾳Ļڵ侳ʱܴﵽ۷ˡ
Ҳ֪ûǿ
ҿѡ
Ǹ֪ûǿ

֣ΪȨ˹⣬֮ϳǿĵӣӣ磬ǿֶεĹǿȣﵽˡһʮƥ
ǿīңࡣ
һ
˵Ŀ⣬ܿһڳɫµӰϡ
Ѫǣ
ɫ۵ˣ̤ڣʼգûĿ⣬Զؾ֮ϣϵĵ֮
ǡѪǡų֮µһ˵Ѫǣ
Ӧþˣ˵Ѫں⾳κһ֣ϡ
֪Ĺǿж١

ܶˣʼڴ


409 ˲ò
ˡ
Ѫһ֮µɢ
һͬʱѪǵϣѪâǣ츳ͨƿͨЧڿ֮ͨϵͨ
Ѫ˫һ֮𣬿µ⾳֮ƾճ֣
͡
˺ѳյĵ֮⾳էһ֣ڳ˵עص֮⾳
ղţȨʩչ֮⾳ȡõĿǰΪֹõĳɼڣѪʩչص֮⾳ڳ֮˶ڴ
һЩϤѪǵˣüͷ
УͰҡˡ
УֻелԨһƽ֪Ѫǵĵ֮⾳ͻһ㡣ӣһĿ¶Ȼޱȡ
û뵽Ѫǵĵ֮⾳ȻҲͻˡ
˫һѪһսѪǵֶΣһĨѪ̺⾳֮бȽǿһ־ǵ֮⾳
û뵽Ѫǵİص֮⾳ɱɾص֮⾳
Ѫǣ;Щң񿴵Ѫǵĵ֮⾳ͻƵھأɫû뵽ô̵ʱڣѪǵô
СӣٶѪǣ𣿡
ƿʵ
ﵭһЦû˵УҲû˵ûСʱĽֻԼ

ǵλ˿Ѫǳ֣˵ͷ
ܿ죬ڣڳͫ׶̲סһΪǷ֣Ѫǵĵ֮ɡѪ¡󣬲ûֱӳ֡
ھص֮⾳ϣƾһ⾳֮
⾳֮Ӧأʲô⾳֮ǵһʱҲûܱϳ
ص֮⾳ͱ⾳֮ںϣ
һ̣ڳ֮˵ĺס
侳أں⾳һ򵽾أһءߣǵҲ
ˣ
ѪеѪ£ǳ֣ɲǼ䣬Ϊ֮صġ쾵֮С
쾵ľ棬ԭƽˮ棬Ѫ룬˲һȦȦЩڵʱ伫ʮ󣬲Żƽ
һ̣˵עھϡ
Ƕ뿴ѪǵĹǿȵ˺εȵز
ڣ֮ϣ˳ƥ
˶ƥ
߿֮ϣЩֵǵӣһĿɿڴ
ƥԵ侳ΪǿƶƥǵʷϣһΣʮǰ˵Ĺǿȴﵽƥ
Ҳ˵˵˵õ˵ӿʸʺɶϻӣʢһߵʱȥˣѶ
ܿܶΪʵˡ

ЩǵӣѪǵĿ⣬ȫͬˡ
һżǱĵӣպһɳ죬ڻ¡
û뵽Ѫǵĵ֮⾳ͻˡ
ѪǣиֳּɵѪһսѪǵĵ֮⾳ҲͰأʱѪǾʤڣѪҪʤ練ơ
Ҳ֪ǷѹѪǣʩչڶͨĻ
Ŀ⣬֪˳ϣ˵ϣ˸ɫʡ
һСˡ
˿Ѫǣ¶̾Ȼʵ꼸ꣿ
ʮˡѪǵص
Ѫǣ
ѪΪ⣬ΪлԨȻˣɿѪǶǵ䵭üͺһ
޷
ҡҡͷߣӦԼİ
ֿѪǣЦѪǣһʱڣȡͻƵ侳ɡʱܵõ˵ӿʸ񣬻лΪʵӡ
ʵӣ
ѪǣҲ̲סݡ
ܳΪʵӣ֮·ؽһ·ƽǬ½߶֮£ѪǣҲ⡣
һΪʵӡ
Ѫǵƽȴţ˵˻ȥ
һ˵⻰ڳ֮˿»öԷ仰Ѫǿ˵ȫͬˣѪǸղչֳʵĿá
һ
˵Ŀ⣬һ˵ϡ
̺
һϮɫۣеȣֶȺҲҲ֣£ûκγ֮
Ȼһˣȴǵߵ֮һǿǿһˣ
û˲ɣ
ǿһǿģš
һοҪˡ

һЩӣ˽˽ÿӡ
û뵽Ҳûˡ
ͨЦ
ȷȴǵһЦͨһۣú߲һĿ˲̺ϡ
Էкγ֮ó࿴
ؿ˲̺һְۣɡ
̺ͷ쾵ͬʱϣ֮ͷ֮ϣһӰ֣ųҫ۵Ĺԣڳ̲֮ס˫ۡ
ͨ
ʱ˿̣յյߣ·ա
䣡
̺֣ܸɴ̧࣬𣬵֮ͨ⾳֮Ȱ£쾵ľ棬þٴһ
ں⾳
оѪǵں⾳١
˾ȣòĿӣʵ

ǵڸ߿֮ϣһޱȡ
ڳߵӣҲĿɿڴû뵽ǰһǲõĲ̺ôµʵǵĿ⣬쾵ľϡ
ϵƽһƽͽֳ̺ղһƵĹǿȡ
̺
ͨĿɿڴʣô֪̺򵥣
ﵭһЦµġ
µģô£
ͨסˣҲԣ
Цѵʹû˵˲ò࣬ˮɶ
Ϊ仰
ͨɵˣȫϹèײӡ
Ҳûжֻ֪ͣԭ
ڲ̺Ǽսɶʱ͸о̺ǵκһ˶Ҫƽⲻװģƽ
һ㣬һǿ߶ԣѵá
ңڲ̺վȥʱ治ɫﻹǴĿоİУλŮ̺ʱûֳʲôĿƽģ˵һҲġ
ҪĻǿĸӵķӦǿ̺ĿУ￴ģûκλɵġ
һУóʶ̺ûб濴ô򵥡
Ŀ֮£̺ĽҲˡ
ƥ
쾵ľϣֳ˲̺ղ꼻һ֣κλڵһĹǿȣƥǰһѪǣ߳һƥ
ȻֻһƥҲڳ֮˱һʵ
Ѫǣ̺
һʱ䣬ܶ˵ĿⶼѪǵϣǿȱ˳һƥһܱ¡
Ѫǲؿ֮ˣ̺Ľɫ
̺ĿУŨŨս⣡
ӯǿصÿ
ȨӺһӺݻˣ̾


410 ֵ
ӯҲǿǧΨһһŮ
Ů֮ȴж
ӯʱͬո¶ͷǣߵеӣ֮ȣǵõ˵ʱĿĿأΪ״ӡ
ӯǵΪǵӣǻ˵ӿʸ
ֻϧʺɶϻӣִʢһˣ˵ӿ˵ûͨµĿ飬ԵΪʵӡ
ʱ伣ˡ
ֱʮ󣬿ӭһˡ
ʵˣµĸ߲㣬һһ
ʱҲˡ
п֮˶ΪҪһսʱԿͬʱժ˶¶Ŀһʦ𣡡
ˣӯ
ڶ߲㶼ˣǵǿӯɳģû뵽ʮѾͷѾԶʤǵʵ
λӯ˸Ҷ
ӯŮ֮ȴʵ֤ԼҲΪʢһ档
ȨӺӯڵͬʱҲĿе֪λŮĹȥû뵽ŮĴ档
￴ӯĿ⣬Ҳ˼塣
Ǭ½Ů׷ԶӼѣޣÿһ˵Ů󣬶һ·ļ
ǰӯǿôһӣǶǺţѩصûǺá
Լ桱Ҳ
ҡ޺ڵҲ׷׽ӹͷ˼ࡣ
λЦˣѪʵͲڲ̺ҡĳʵ»˾ȡ
ӯǫҡͷ˵
˵Ŀ˳ϣӡ
Ҳڿʱӯ΢΢һЦ
ȻһЦ
ʱֻʣ˻ûг֣ǵߵˣһ
诵־ˡ
̤ն񣬴ʱ˿̣ؿ־ɫÿ
ǰѪǺͲ̺ǿȶ˶ƥԣǼѹ
ԸоһԼϵĿ⡣
쾵ҲǵһμԼĹǿȣûס
־Լͨʩչں⾳ȫ쾵
־ں⾳㲻ǿȨؽ֮⾳ȣҪϷֺĹǿȣ󶨸ڡһʮƥϡ
ɼ־˿ĿǰΪֹĳɼǿӽûж̫
Ҳֻ֪ߵټܴдķʽյĽ
ǿȣԵֻһ˵츳ͨ似⾳֮ǼʵΨһؼ
߽սǹǿ⣬ȻʮʮĹǿȣȫʵսֲ
Լ棬־Ľüͷ΢΢һ壬ĿǰҪˣȻһûг֡
˭ҡĳ
ǰʱ䴫÷зĳ
ߵóռ鱨һΪԼϢͨѾ֪ǰʱѪǰڳ¡
͵߰ͷ­ЩʮǰһĽһ̣Ȼ޴档
ʵʵڵ侳ߣѾǲ
ֻϧĶǵߵһٮٮߡ
ǶᡭŶʮ꣬׷ǡ
Լ洫ʧ䡣
ʮô
̲ס־ȥ̤նӣӣƺҪᡣ
վȥģȻǳ
΢΢Ƿˡ
ְɡ΢Ц
ͷ쾵ڣһ̣Ŀȫ쾵ľ֮ϣϣ֮ӿɭȻħ
ħ
֮ħΧ˸ħڳ֮ˣɲĿµصȴų֡
ҡĳǰʱʢΧڱ÷зӦЩʵ
һЩǵӣԳҲȤ
ĹǿҲ˶ƥοɾȤˡ
ҾҪƶƥЩѣγƶƥĵ侳ߣѾǵϡ
ܲƣϾ֪ˡ

һǵӣĿⶼ˳ϣȴų֡
޺ۣóĹƶƥ𣿡
ȨӺ޺ۣʡ
޺ҡͷһЦſˣҡû쾵֪Ĺǿж١
ܵΧ۶Ŀ⣬̤
һ˲䣬˺ܶණ
ǾȫʩΪȻڻ㲻ߵټӴȣѰĲԣҲߵ֮ʱȣԸҡ¡
ˡ
ϵĵ֮ʼ֣һħܿ죬Щħ͵Ų㣬ڳΧշһ
ͬʱ⾳֮Ҳʼ
ƥĵƣ˺һеԣէһ֣ڳעǵڣ̲ס΢΢ݡ
ǿóĵƣԶѰܱȣ̺˺ԣĵһ˿⡣
ǰǶȻţһ侳ûвСһƾƣǸеһ˿΢һ̣ȷʵôһ˿
ĵ֮⾳ҲأȻ˹죡
ʲô֮ܵһ𣬵ɾŲ㣬ֱδš
ڳ̲סһ¶졣
Ƕظоʢ֮ʿ
Щǵĵӣ඼侳һһЩΪߵģҲ˳Ĳ̲֮סһ
ĵ֮⾳ҲˣС
Ѫǿųɫޱȡ
û뵽ĵ֮⾳򵽾ʱʵҲ˷츲صı仯Ŀ⣬ʼղĵ֮⾳ΪףϾҪó֮⾳

Ѫ룬ĵ֮⾳ֺ󣬷֮⾳֣֮뵶֮⾳ںһ
ں֮⾳ǳʱͷ֮ϣѪ֣ͨѪڣ˰֮塣
ʱ˵ע淢ı仯
ֻ˷֣Ųħں⾳˸УһΪص⣬۳Σע⵽ļˣ̲ס棬ʲô
ݡ
⼴֮ʣﶯˣ绯磬ƽ
ͬʱһŵĴâգһڳ˷ӦʱһƴâѾ쾵ľϣ̡
ϣʱһþƽ
ϵı仯ķȣ֮ѪǺͲ̺ʱ
û˻ỳɣĹǿȣʤѪǺͲ̺
ʮȥ쾵ľƽʱڳ˵Ŀ⣬˾֮ϡ
֪ܿͻǳղһĹǿȡ


411 ǰ
ڣ쾵ľ֮ϣʼֳ֣˵Ŀ⣬һ̣ն
ٶʮƥ
ϣ֣ӳ˵
֣üͷ΢Щȣû뵽Լĵ֮⾳ͷ֮⾳ͻƺƾŲħͷɵͨǿܴﵽȵز
ٶʮƥ
ϣ֮ǰڳ￴ԼӦҲͶһʮƥͷ
ڵ֮ϲ

һǵӣߵӣңң쾵ϵ֣ͬ
ѪǺͲ̺ĳɼѾ𺳣ΪһĴڣôҲû뵽Ĺ
һʮˣǿȴﵽ˶ٶʮƥ
ȻĹǿȣ侳ߵĹǿûȣɷڵ侳УѾǼѵá
ں⾳е⾳֮ﵽصĵ侳ߣҪȻû˿Գɼɼ
ߣ
ѪɫһȻڳﶯóں⾳ʱ׼ȴҲû뵽Ĺǿܴﵽز
֮ǰԼɱţȻ޴档
֪ͬʱҲڽҽ
ڣѾ˺ľ롣
ţһ׷㣬ɱѪǿĿУɭȻɱ⣬ѾΪǰ
ѪǵĿ⣬޼ɵһʱҲӦˣֻǵɨѪһۣû
Ŀ⣬öˡ
Щˣһ⣬Ϊµꡣ
鴫
ǵ˫һơ
ʢ֮ʿ޺ۣҡһοǼ񵽱ˡЩˣǲã˲Ǹ͵ȥˡ
˾ƽҡ޺˵ʱЯżĿ⣬ɨлԨ
˾ƽңлԨɫһЦЩˣоټĵӣǿǸǱ˼˦ʮƥ˼˵ˣ
㣡
˾ƽԣʱŭ۵лԨû֣ˣ
㵽ף
лԨ˿á
ɲǼ䣬ձýţġīҡһȻ֪лԨ
ˣ
üͺһôڣǲӦù˼һԼݣɺͳ
˶ˣ˾ƽлԨŰݣǶӵĿ⣬ǳ˻ҩζ
ڣͨ쾵ĲԣѾˡ
˿ڣĵȴߵ쾵Ե˵ĴҲˣ
ҡӣǿȡٶʮƥλеһ
̺ӣǿȡƥλеڶ
Ѫǣӣǿȡƥλе
࣬Ȩӣǿȡһʮƥλеġ
־诵ӣǿȡһʮƥλе塣
īңӣǿȡһʮƥλе
ӣǿȡһʮƥλеߡ
ѳǰ֮ˣ˶ƥĹȡΪЧʣߵټӴȣǰϯλʱڵһڵһǰ飿
˵Ŀ⣬һһɨߵߵӣʡ
û顣
Գ̺Ѫ˳ƥĹǿȣʣµĵ֪֮κһϳǵеӾ㳵սҲδʤԷһˡ
ңԷڵһˡ
ࡢ־īҺһעǰԵˡ
ǣǰԵǻǻģûԸԼڵһףǶһսһƴ
ڣȨ诵ӣġ塢͵ϯλ
˵Ŀ⣬˵ϣȨ࣬˵࣬ѡȨĶ֣Ϊ˹ƽȨһսֻҪսʤȨλоټӴȵϯλ
ͷʱȨҲˣվ
ѡ񡭡
Ŀ⣬ϣɫһ˵ӵĸоû˻ϲ
ܿ죬ȨΪ׵ӣΪ׵Ӷš
һսȨ
˿ڣȨУһӰ̤նһ׳˶꺺ӣü䲻ŭˣļһ˭һս
У߳һˡ
һսƾУ׳˶꺺ʤһȡʤ
ߣ
ɫޱȣû뵽տʼͰһҲ˵ֻҪٰζҪȨ
ڶս
˼ڡ
һĺ꣺Ϻڣϡ
ͷ̤ն
Ȩһߣ࿴׳˶꺺ӣʣܻԣҪϢ𣿡
ܻһЦʦ֣һս
š
ͷܻġ
ֻϧս꣬ÿܻԣܻóóٶȣӰͨٹ죬׾پͽܻԻܡ
ʦ֣Ǹ
ȥܻһǸ⡣
սȨ
ٴοڡ
Ȩ֮Ľսݱܿ죬ƾͲ˶ȶҲ֮һսһսʤȨӣۿϳæȥ

̤նĶ֣һ̺ܾˡ
ࡣ࣬ϣӹһ˿֮ɫһս̫Ҫˡ
쾵Եĳ裬Ҫϴˢ
һսʤ࣬Ҳζʤһ¡
Ϊܻɣ
Ѿصҡ޺۵󣬺˻ϣһƲƲ졣
֣֮ĹǿȲ죬ܿͳˡ
ս飬൱ٶȣҲ൱ǰ£ȫ˹ǿĶԺ䣬ȻĹǿȴ˲١
ݣ
һ磬ۿҪ͸ĺ˳ˡ
赭д̧֣ͻһͬʱȨʤ
ȨļӣЦ˻
࣬ȨҪϢҪ诵
˿࣬ʡ
ҡͷã
ţսȨīһܡڣȨֻҪʤ诵λеϯλˡ
诵־ֻ߶ȣԣһǿС
Էֺ֮־ΪȨߵټӴеĵϯλ
Ӻϲ
ʱҡ޺Ӻϲ
ϲ
ĵȨµڣҲӺϲ
˵νߵټӴȣÿһҪǿ˻ʤαظô鷳ֱó˶Ծˡ
üͷ΢˵


412 ٰѪ
ǵˣȻ⡣
ﵭһЦҲûкβס
ȨλһǵټӴȵĺҲֵ诵ΪԼȡΣ诵Ҫսľֻʣܽսɹϯλ诵
诵־ʵȨֺʵѹīҡ־ԸˣȻûκ
Ŀ֮־ڶˣ˻ܣΪ诵ȡϯλ
档
ʤһλе
һλеߣҲĩβ
ȡöȶսĵҲԳˡ
īңս
ԭڰڵ˿īҵʵӦʤһɾһսؼʱĵڶͨīһ
īҰܣ
ص
ǰû뵽˫ͨӵߡ
˾ȡ

˶û뵽쾵ȡɼ˸ϮֱӴӻӣõ˵ϯλ
ֻܾĩ
ߣ
˾ƽͺһɨīһۡһսī֮ԻܣΪīҴˣûĵڶͨ롣
ΣһǵټӴȵĵߵϯλǳˡ
Ȩλеġ
诵λе塣
λе
λеߡ
ܿ죬˵עתƵûв뾺֮УҪǰϯλҡ
ҡ쾵Թǿȵһѡ֡
ǵλ˿˳˵
Ŀ⣬ܿѪǵϣѡ
ߣ
Ѫɫ̤նڳѡҲô⡣
һֳﲻѡһֻҪѡ
ͻȻĸӵĶѪתͷмɨһۣһӣˣͱˣҶܻܵˣУ
ĸԣʱɫ䡣
ûԸⱻӡ
лԨɫҲ̲ס£Ѫǣ
ߵټӴȣƻһֵĹ򣬵лԨȻܸоǵ⣬εĴȣƴʵͬʱҲƴŽᡣ
Ѫǣеһʺ
ѪǵɨлԨһۣͲ̺̺ˣҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱ໥ĶʤΣ
ȻѪⷬҲڰʾҡͿûҪ
ҡͿĵѪǵĻüͷҲЩá
ûؼˡ
ﵭڣʼ硣
һ
̺ѵÿڡ
ѪǵĿ⣬ܿ˲ԶϣĿѯ
ȻǶûȻֹλǾΣ
˵Ŀ⣬ҡĵϡ
زȻҲǶû
ܺãȻˣ˴ڵһǰ
˵ͷĿ˳Ѫǵϣʼɡ
Ѫ̤ն໥š
ʱãٴζϣһΣ˵ʵ˼
ǾóѪǣ˭ʤ󣿡
Զ߿գһǵӣ̲סڡ
һǿȶٶʮƥһǿȶƥǾãʲô˵˭ʤ󣬻˵Ѫڳ֧Ŷá
ҲΪ
ǾôѪǣҵǾãѪǱķʵӦò
ҪȻҺһ׵㣬ѺѪʤ

ǵ۷׷׵ͬʱߵߵڵˣĿתؿǰӰһ̣ΪĿĽ㡣
ˡ
ѪĿûж˵ϵ֮𣬱Űĳɫͨ˷Ӷ
ͣ
ͬʱѪ̧˲䣬һѪ֣εĶֱӳ
˫΢УѪš
ɲǼ䣬𣬳Ѫͨ壬˻֮塣
Ѫ»£ʧԭأֻһĲӰ
ں棡
̲סͺ
͡
һʮףֱӺ絽Ѫǵħ۳ħŲħǣں⾳֮֮
ˡ
ѪתѪʱﶯˣħֱѪеѪӲӲ
ϣϣϣϣϣ

֮ζɵħѪ£ײһ𣬾Ȼطײ
ѪǵΣϵؽһʱ侹ƾС

ѪǵĮޱȣ·˵Ѫ֮Ѫ䲻ǳɱȴҲ
ҪǾҪûǸˡ
ЦħϵľŲħ͵ը˲乤Ѫֱӱˡ
ݣ
ѪǱˣ˲䣬ƵķɵͨâǷӹĿֱָѪǵĺ
Ѫɫ䣬û뵽ǰһĻٴγǰ
ĵڶֱͨ˷ʤ

˳ˣֱӻ˳ķɵͨؿ˳һۣҡʤ
ѪǵĽսҲʮң˵ٶȺܿ죬Ƭ̾ͷֳʤ
ߵһЩʵȽģû͸Ѫôڳġ
ʵ̫ǿˣ
һǵӣĿɿڴڳսʱչֳʵеޱȾȡ
ǵдˣ֮ǰȻչֳĹǿ𺳣ٿͣȻΪʵսʵӦԶĹǿȡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴҲû뷨
ҡĳȻᣬһʵȴ侪ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôħ֮ܵɾŲ㣬Ҳħҵʵ
һЩǵӣиֳ̰
ʵֺֹǡ
ǵߵемʱҲ¶һ˿˿ȻǶڳħһȤ
Щˣ˼̰֮⡣
̫ˡѪһսһڻѪǡһսƬ̹򣬾ͽѪǻˡ
һЩǰѪһսӣ̲סплԨ
ǰѪǶԼڻˡ
ˡ

һӣѪǵĿ⣬˼ַЦ
ʱѪ˳һۺҲصӪһӵĿ⣬˽µۣˣʱ˭վѪһսңڰ졣
һһϣŭԡ
ҪϢ𣿡
˿΢Цʡ
˵ͷʱ
ʱ󣬳ｫͲ̺һսһ̣ûٻɳ᲻ǲ̺Ķ֡
䡣
Ȼ׼ȴʱ򣬲̺ˡ
һڣ˵Ŀ⡣
䣿ȷ
˿˲̺һۣߵ˵ͷ϶


413 һ
̳ɴؽѪǻܺ󣬲̺䣬ҲζţΪҡһߵټӴȵĵһϵҫ
ǵʱ꣬˴ߵټӴȣҡõһҡ޺ۣȽ󣬵롣
˵˵Ŀ޺۵ϡ
޺ۣϲ
Ȩһζ޺۵ϲĵлԨ֮⣬Ҳһһ޺۵ϲ
޺Ȼɫƽȴ˿ƽˣҡһüĻᣬҡ֮λʱ
ߵټӴȵһǶԣǶҡԣɶһ̱
лл
̤ն׼ҡӪ߾ʹһϤˣҡ޺۵Դӵ˵䣬оĵϲл⡣
ˣӦлŶԣ㽫ԪռĻңҲվΪҡȡҫ
ﴫص˵ûйԪռ䣬ڿ»ǵ侳ߡ
˵пеʱȥȫ֮⾳ͷ֮⾳ˡ
ڵʵһ޺۴裬ҡ衣
Σε£׹
޺۳Ͽҵ
ڳɴػѪǣڳ֮޲еȣǺ̺䣬Ҳò̺ǵСǾò̺ǣӮôء
ߣ֮·ߵøԶ
ġ
ͨʹ򫣬ϲ
һֱһĴҲһ˿ЦݣԳ΢΢һЦϲ
˵ͷĿ⣬ܿתƵԶ
ѪǺͲ̺һսʼ
ʱ˿̣ڳ˵Ŀ⣬У˿ɣŵˣǴһǿġӾʢ硱
ǿȶƥġѪǡսǿȶƥġ̺
˿νƾУ
һսһ
ѪǺͲ̺˭лʤ
ʳҡҡͷ֪Ƕ˵Ĺǿ൱ھͿǵʵս飬ԼԵٶˡ
˽Ѫǣȴ˽̺
ֻǣ̺ĹǿʤѪǷֺ㣬ʵͲ
û뵽۵Ĳ̺ʵôǿ
ͨ̾
ͽ˲òࡣЦ
ˡ
Ŀ֮£ѪǶˣ츳֣ͨȫ֣һѪ總֮ң̺ȥ
̺ϳһ޷Զͷ֮ϣ֣ͨ
ݡ
ͨһ࣬һӰ𽥵۳ΣٲȻǲ̺ĵڶͨͨڴ֮ǰ˿Ϥ̺ˣ˼벻̺һλޣ
һ㽣ޣϻٶһɽ⣬࣬վ绯һ
Ȼ̺ڻͨǰȴûκν޸е
豹档
һ̲סޣ̺һ˵ԼĲٿأѾ¯ĵز
Ľޡ
ӣã
û뵽̺֮ǰ쾵ʱʵ
ﰵ
ڽֵͨɲǣ̺ϵƱˣԭʵ޻ɲǼ񲻿ɵĽͨ£ֱУٲȻʵ
·һ棡
ͨΪӯǿ̺˲𰡣û뵽һޣҶû
ҡ޺ۿӯ̲ס޵
ΪȻͷ˽֮侳ޣһǲ֡һ̤֮Ľޣܴﵽȵز˾ȡ
̺˫ͨӵߣ
˾ȣ۵ˣͨò棬˲
ƺȤˡ

һǵӣߵĵӣĿתؿս֡
ѪǵѪϮ̺βϵغӣͬʱŽͨͨ£ֳȭ
ȭں⾳
ֽ֮⾳
̺Էȫͬ⾳֮õĽһ뢣
վڳߵƣѵÿڡ
һĶãһ
￴һĻ̲סǰ˾֪С˵棬ƺֶΡֶΣǴޡľˮ֮˲
û뵽磬ʶ˵еġһ
䡪
̺һȭȭϵĵ֮ں⾳֮ХӵĹֱӺѪǵѪ£ޱ
ֻǣѪǵѪ£ϾУ˺˲̺Ĺ
ݣ
һлûн̺ȭûЧֽȴֽ󣬺ХӭѪǱĥúѪ¡
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ཻµѿڳһЩʵߵӣֻоĤʹ̲סüͷ
ƾУ

̺ըףڿնȭֽٴѪǡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

̺ȭȥͣͨ粻ϳĹâĺˡ
ݡ
̺ĽŶã绯˼µ⣬β
̺ȭȻԶѪǵѪ¡խǿȴĿõģѪǵѪ£ȻᱻѪǵѪ˺ֽȫֲһȱݡ
䡪
һȭţ֮ըµ˲Ų̺ȭͷֱӶ
ѪǵѪ˺̺ȭĹ֮ʣֵֽ̺ˣѪԣ
䡪
ʱ˾ȵһĻˣ̺ȭٴųյĹԣȻѪǵעȫֽϵʱ򣬳ˡ
ȭգѪǵϣѪ˺˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ѪϵͨϢ֮ήվɫǺ죬ӲǽѪݺݵ˻ȥ
ˡ
̺ƽؿѪǡ
֮裬ѪǼˡ
Ѫ˫һѪȵĹ⻪ӽĶֳ˳֮⣬ֶһˡ
̺ʤ
ǵټӴȵĵڶ
˴ߵټӴȣڶ޺ۣӯлԨȥˣڸӣǰǵ壬
ǵ˵ȴ̺ħ塣
ĵĵȻǱλˡ
ڳ˿Цʲôˡ

Ÿ䣬ӰԽն𣬿̺ڵߵӣλǰ塣
ߵӣæ
ˣԳĶ飬
￴ҡ޺ۣϿҵθ޺һ´ֲ֪Ǻˡ
ϾһҪ˵ӿʸ뿪ʢ򣬺ɶϻӣʢһȥˡ
ԺܳΪʵӣҡĴţԶΪ㳨
޺˵
΢Цͷźˣĵһ𣬸ǵפķȥ


414 ˮռ
ǵ壬ÿһθ߶ȣһƬȥɽɽ֮УһϵĽȺ
ǵġԺҲǵõ֮ءҪһĹ׵㡣֮ǰڵһҲƵ֮ء
һλϣųһ˵ͿշУǵһɽǰָɽϵһȺ˵
Ŀһ⡰ԺҡеġһģҪѹ׵ܽȥĵط
֮ǰӦö֪˰ɣǸڵߵеĹ׵㣬ǵ֮ǻõһǵĹ׿
һ˵
һ˶ͷЩڻûǵǰǾͶ֪ˡ
ҡѪľ׵㣬󣬺Ĺ׵㣬һЩԼ֮ʣµļ˿ɳǻ͸ʯ
Ҳûã軨׷
ڵĿɳˣҡ߼Уǡˡ
ϵĴ£һն𣬲ʱֵһɽཨ֮ǰ
ཨݳһҩ㣬ЩȺǰ棬Կ̴ïҩԣ֮˵ҩԣΪҩ඼Ǵдġ
ϡԿһЩǵӣһɽҩ
ǵԺԺҪʲôҩҪԵﻨǵĹ׵㹺򡣡
ϼһ˽ܵ
ţһһһ˽˼طֱΪԺԺԺ͡ͳԺ
ԺԹ׵㻻ȡ似ĵط
ԺԹ׵㻻ȡƬĵط
ԺǵԼд裬Ķĵط
ͳԺҪǵӵǼǣԼƾĶȡ׵ĵط
ϣһ˴ͳԺʱԿͳԺǵӲ٣ԶԱĶϵȡ׵㡣
Ȼõһġˮ
ҶǸطˣһˮˡ
ǹ˵İɣǹط£ˮû

ڳһ˸߽ͳԺʱһҲǵĶС
ǶԣǸʲôطǡˮôİǰδš
ףЩνǵµӣͦģƺ
Ѿˣһ㻻ȡ˹׵ȥմֵġ
Ҳ֪һһĵӵ˵һ
ߣ϶ġ

ЩŶˮȡ׵ǵӣĿڳһ˵ϣ׷š
Ѫ֮⣬ĸֻоշ̡
Σûеõһ
ƣ˵ˮ𣿡
洫ʽű߸ƣƼȻǰߣӦ֪ˮ
ʶˣҲȷʵ֪Ȼ֪ˮǶϻġĸȪеˮ̺ĿԶԶʤϻеһϻˮ
˵˼ɵ
ʲô
ﱻŵˣǶϻˮɱǿߡˮǶô£ǾȻֶλȡ
ʲôɡ
˵
ʱպһйˮ£Ͻšˮ͸˵ơ
һʱ䣬ߵĸӣһ
ѪǣҲ΢΢ü
ϣˮô£ǿ߶ֱȥЩʦôȡˮģ
Ǹʡ
ЦǵרװˮǵǼǳΪǵӺ󣬶õָֻˮ
һԣȻ
ϣΪˮԻȡ׵㣿ˮǵʲô𣿻УЩˮǴģϻӰɣ
Ǹӣڵͺһ汦
ĺ棬ͬʱҲڳߵӵĺ档
Ѫǣʱ˿̣ҲĿתضϣҲ֪𰸡
ͣ˽Ų˵ЩҪ˵ģȻ֪ұ˵˵ȣˮǵԣżã˵ûˮǵפؽ޷ڸ߿֮СֻˣûˮǵġԺԪ𣬻Ѱ֮ء
ϵĻó˶ɶݡ
ϣ֪֧ǵפصĿеڿеģǧơƺͼƷԪʯˮθɣ
ҡͷ֮ǰڵҡڵߵפȻˡѵû֣ǵפأԶµߵҪ󣿡
һ˶ͷ
ϼ˵ߵפڵĿе죬ǰǧơƺͼƷԪʯɵļҲǲܡǵפأȫͬһƣǧˮ
ǧˮ
˶濴ϡ
Ψгűߵƣһ˫ɫͫףǸֳȣͺʲô˲Ķһ㡣
š
ϵͷǧˮǿ֪֧ǵפģǼƷԪʯڣûһöƷԪʯ

ò˵һ˶ϵĻסˣûһöƷԪʯ֧һĿе죿
ʲôֶΣ
ֱ˲˼飡
ǵפڵĿе죬ǡˮơǧˮǵ֮ˣ˵ǽǵλʴԲóġ
ϼ˵˵ơǧˮʴΪ֧ǽеɵĴڡ
ʣ
ڴǵǿǡʡ£ڳ֮˶ţȴҲû뵽λ˵еʣȻһλƸ֡
һʱ䣬˵Уֳľη
ӽϿУһҲ֪ЩǵӵõˮԺηԭڵλٳһˮռ䡱
ˮռ䣬˵ֱͨϻκεطпӿˮ
ˮռǵҪģǵһʱռˮ
ȻΪռˮĵطˮռȻûΣյޡܣȴżΪµġˮռһЩط侳߽׵Ҳҽ
ΪˮռһЩطѹ侳߽ߣ
ԽǿĵطһֵˮҲԽ࣬ˮĴҲԽƵ

֪ˮռĵϸ˶Ĭˣԭǵ󣬵õ׵ֱӰ취ǽˮռ䣬ȡˮ
ϣЩʧһˣͳԺǼǴȥ
ʱβһЩǵӣҲͳԺЩǵӣ֮ǰھټӴʱսһЩǵӡ
Щǵһ֣ղߵټӴȵľҲʼͳԺ´￪


415 ưé
ͳԺǵӶû뵽һߵټӴȾ͹ȥȫȻͬ
ǾȵǣһȡߵټӴȵһģҡ
Ϊҡҫ֮ˣҡһŵӣ
Ǹǰʱʢ򴫵÷зĳ
ûڳȻֻǵ侳ߣɾ쾵ԣĹǿȴﵽ˶ٶʮƥ
ٶʮƥȷû
ôܿ
ʵҲ̫ǿˡ
ҪǣĿںһ⾳֮ƺûпءĹǿ֮ôǿΪԵ֮ãΪ£Խ֮ӵŲ㣡Ҳ˵Էӳ֮ű
ʲô
ĿߵټӴȵǵӵĻڳǵӣɫ׷һ䡣
ڰˮȡ׵ǵӣҲͣĶ
ӳ֮ű
űѲǴ˵е켶
һǵӣ̲ס²
⻰һڣʱõ˴ǵӵͬҲֻôˣ켶ʵ벻ͨΪʩչǰֶΡʲô켶Ժδѵҡ
ʲôЦ켶˵ҡǵҲûС
ô˵Ӧò켶
ǲǣĵ֮ȻܱôµȻĵƣܵõĵƣʵȻõʱ

һЩǵӣù˫ʳȡ̰Ĺ⻪
һУȻ֪ڵĳϵ󣬰ǵȡǵơκ͹׿
⻹һöָ
öָǰˮռȡˮ֮мҪܺá
𷢷ЩͳԺϣԳһ˵
ˣǶ˵ǵסȥ
һ˰еϣųһ뿪ͳԺڵİɽն𡭡ͳԺλǵУԺԺͳԺ档
ͳԺڵİɽһǵǵһΪ
ͳԺ棬ΪŲ㻷ɽ߲㣬ǵ֮أ㣬ǵ˺ǵϵľ
ϣ˽ܵǸսǵֵǳƣסҲ߲һ㡭ס㣬ԲһЩ
ƣ
һ˶Щɻ
Ǹ֮ǰڵߵУڵְ֮ɣ
һʳһˣ߶ͷ󣬽ϼ˵ǵҲˣǵĵӣֻΪǵӡǵӡǵӡǵӡǵӡǵӡҲˣԲʺɫ֣Уǵǵеǿӣ֮ͬǰڵߵеĺĵӡ
ǵߵеĺĵӣڵ֮ϣλһĳϲ١
ȻЩӶġʮ֮ˣһЩǰ׷ԲԵˡ
ɣǳǵӾס֮أҲڵľס֮ء
ϵ󣬳һ˴ڸߵǵ߲㻷ɽУһ㻷ɽ
⡭
￴ǰĽȺʱɵˡ
ס
ߵĵӣҲĿɿڴǰһ˵ǽ˵éݣЩéݣѾã䡣
ϴ·ǻΪԼߴطˡ
ǺܿҲһЩǵӣһЩé˳ؿǣЩǵӵ䣬Ҳųơ
ȻЩǵӣǳǵӡ
˿ĭʽϣϣǲҲҪסɣ
ƽͷǵĳǵӣסһ㻷ɽô
Цϣסĵط𣿡
ĻõڳߵӵĹ
Ҳǲܻ
Ͽ˳һۣڴĿ¶ϣʱ˵ǵ֮أΪ߲㣬ǸȻǳǵӡǣҪסõĵطҪߣֻҪսʤһĳǵӣȡƣǱסȥ
ǱǶ߳Ƶأ
ʡ
ֵǶ߳ƵĳǵӣΪǵӣ
һˣʱʶǵǵӵľֳ߲㣬һľֻéݵ⣬ڼǲϡʵǡ
ϣǵһ㶼ʲôΪ
￴ϣʡ
ǵӶ侳ߣЩǵӸûϷҲ˵ս侳ߣ侳ߣ˰֮֮ǿڡ
ħɵɾŲ㣬ҲԶ侳߶֡
֮͵֮ȣ֮⾳֮ȣ֮
ǵӣһ㶼ǵ侳ߣҶٮٮߡ
˵ǵУһЩˣӦսǵӡһ㣬Ҫ˵ҪȡƣԼսʤԷüˣУȡУǿԷҲɱԷֻܻܣǵɡ
Ѫһɱ˶ƣǵˣ
ĮؿѪһۣҪɱˣԵѪս塯ȥѪս壬ǵפصطֹɱ¾
ָһ˵һЩҪע£ϱ뿪ˡ
ߣ
ѪһѪ⣬նȻǵһ㻷ɽȥˡ
һ˸䵽ǵ֮أƬ֮󣬾ͿһǱӰӿն£һԼĪʮӣɫѿ
㲻ǱղǸµӶ˳ưɣ
ԶһéݣһǵӿǱӣЦ
ɫѿûǵӣһûסéݣȥˡ
ѵѪǣ
Ӧ
ѪǵĶġ

һߵӣ׷ţĿмż
ǵӺͳǵӶǵ侳ߡЩˣӦþͶǵǱˡ
˵
Ӧǡͨͷ
ǵߵӣһνǵǰ
ǰЩߣ츳ǵڴˮƽʱ䣬ȻҲͻƵ侳ˡ
˳һۣٺһЦǵУʵΪǵǰ϶£㲻ùˣֱȥɡ
ﵭһЦס¡
ߵ񶼸Էֿסȥˣ˶ҵס󣬳˵һ뿪ˣֱ̤ն
ͬʱǼӰβڳն
һʱ䣬һưܵéڣ߳һǵǵӵӰնĳＸˣһ飺ҪмҪùˡ
ǼˣӦþһδߵٮٮˡ


416 
Գǵӵһ㻷ɽնһǵӵĽȺǰЩ¶Ц
ǵ𣿡
ڳߵƣȲ˲۾һš
ǰĽȻȳǵסĺãҲһһľƷᡣ
ڳĲ̺ˣҲĿɿڴ
ǵҲ̫˰ɣ
ĵһʱ뷨ܿҲȻˣǵЩסǣǲս
֪Խϵľס϶Խá
Ҫϵڼ㣬кҡһľ
̲סҡͷ
ţ
ͻȻԶһ䷿棬һӰӶһͷ˳Ｘˣ̲סһ١
Ｘ˻ûüǵķΣֻֽƹ䡣
ಣ
ǵǵӣûӦһӰͶˣһ⣬ֻǸǵӡ
ƣó
ǲ̺̺Ǹǵǰ˵
ӦǸսǵĵӰɣҪҵƣɾҪ㱾ˡ
ǵһ漴ɷЦһ
ս
һ棬̺һȭǵӺɣĸԸ˳ơ
ˣ̺Ϊǵǵӡ
ţ̺ղǵ߳ǸӶȥռȵ
ߵ⼸ĵӣ̺ΪǵˣҲӶȥܿ죬һĿ꣬һĳǵӡ
ǵӵͬʱȨҲ
෢ֳﶢ϶Է󣬶Գ˵ͷˡ
˵̤꣬ն׼ѰĿȥˡ
лˡ
òԵصл
һ·һ磬̼͵˳ǵӵȥ·ϣס
ţ
ǵӣһԼĪʮͷˣｫ£üʲôˣ
ҪƵˡ
ﵭ˵
˵꣬Ҳ˻Ӧϵ֮ǣһȦȦħ֮ϡ
ˡ
Ƴɵ״һ£ں⾳֮ը
µ˳ֹ֮Ŀѹֵ಻
ɫ䣬ִٺˣֻǣͨƴֱӻܣǳ֣ڿѾˡ
㵽˭
ϵĳƽ˻Щĵʵ
Էǿ󣬳
ʼգԷͨûãͽˡ

ﵭ˵
ԣʲôͫһ
մ;·ϣҲ˵һЩйһߵټӴȵ£֪һδǰһƥǾҡӳ
ֻһ侳ߣĹǿȣﵽ˶ٶʮƥ
ԭǳòԩ
̾˿һ۲Զķᣬ˵ǵӵľס˵ġҾסķᡣ
ͷתȥ
Աߴ˯ƣȥڿԺú˯ˡ
󣬳üΪַ滹ϢʱʶǵӵķᣬȻһסģ
ڵģŶ
ܿľľϣӣ˱Ŀһˣһʲôˣ
üһʱ䣬뵽ľǺЩסһ㡣
ʱҲ˹ĿƵؿų
ᣬҪˡ
ﵭڣӹɵǣ߰ɡ
ӵʵ֮ǰܵ൱ǲȻһŭϵĵ֮ʱͱһһ˳ȥٶȣﶼԶԶǡ
ȥˣиֳֺȻʶĿ¡
Сӣյǵôߵ³Ϊʸ֮𣿡
ָ徲ķڣһľſ
ɨһۣѵͱ˹÷᣿
Ʒ˷ۣû˻İ˹÷ᣬҲ˵ʱİȫ⣬ֻ͸о
ʱס˷ᣬŵ֮⾳ͷ֮⾳
棬ͺ䶯ˡ
ǵʢһߵӣҡĳѪǣֻԻһǵӣռ˶Էķᣬǽ˸˳ȥ
˭֪ǵӣÿһǵ侳еٮٮߣɼˣһĸˣǱһ˸˳ȥ
һʱ䣬µǳΪ˳ǵӺͳǵӿеš
ǵ壬ۡ
ռعĸۡһڷ֮⣬ǹ°㻤м䣬ۡΧ˻ݲݡ
߻һͤӰ֡
˵Сһﲻ
ˣһˣӣһЦʵ
ǲرҡǸСһ
һ˵˵ͷ£̧ͷǰߣˡ
϶һ۾ϳ˵λ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰߵټӴȵǵ
ϼһѵͲң
һЦˣˡ˵ǸСһֵ÷зǸɣ˲ãյǵͽĸǵӸϳȥһռһᡣ
ֻҪʵôУ𣿡
ЦƺΪΡ
ˣ˺ҲܿУ˵켶
ǰ¶˼ֺ棬ǵӣһ˿⡣
ϼһϳˡ켶һһСˣܻ𣿡
Ц

רעؽƿ̣ͻȻһǿ磬ع˫𣬺һš

һ̣Ѿһ磬뿪˷ᡣ
ʱ֮⣬Ӱӿնڣղ˵ٶ
һˣʶ֮ǰǵĵһǵӡԭǰĵӡ
ڽԭߣһӣĿڳʱĿ˳ϣԭ˵ľ
ǣʦ֡
ԭͷǰֳԵĵ̬
ʱҲ˳ǰӡ
ĿûиѹĿ⣬ᶨ˿ӶţͺվǰĲһ侳ߣֻһΪ൱ߡ
ܲ
ӵϣѵ¶ͣų˵ͷ
üͷ΢ң
ֵ˵һֱںҡභռϷ·磿ĸٶ㶯ҡˣ
ӵĻó̲סЦˡ
Цʲôü
Цʦǲ̫߿ˣǿΪҶҡ˸
ȻЦ


417 
û뵽㲻ֻʵףҲô
˫΢Уųһţϣһɰ֮ӿɢֱӺ˳ϣɳȥ
ֻоԼ׹Ԩһ̲ס³һѪ
û뵽ӻֱӶԼ֡
𡫡
޺ȴƿﱻޱ壬һ˫ɫͫףӣϵ֮֮·ʱܶӳ֡
ƣ
סƣħ˸ɾŲħΪģɱң
䣡
ֳˣ֮ڳϣϵħɢɳȥ˵Ĳȷʵɱ㣡ΪӣҾúýѵ㣡
ЦˣЦɭȻѪ죬һ˫ӣȫ˳죬ӡ
侳ʵ̫ǿˡ
ûκλ֮
ô㻹Цó
˫һϵЦһŻ̤ʹԳֻ֣ǣһ֮ͱһɴ֮˷顣
˭
̧ͷ߿գһվ۶ǰߣﶫ㻹ԽԽȥˡΪǵӣ侳ߣһŵʦҲµ֣

ʱһӰӶ䣬ڳߣȡһöҩݸ˳¡
ʦ֡
ˣ¶Цݣһ۵ݹĵҩֻоҩ˱ǣ¹һůڳ죬𽥵ҲԼٶȻָš
öҩҩЧֱȴ󻹵ҪԵ
󻹵ΪԽߵߣþԽС
ߣſ֪ǰҡӣֻǣҽΪֻعѵѵ֪ǳСθɣ
ﶫ߿յӣ˫˸˵Ĺ⻪
ﶫҲ˵ǰҡӣʦܣٶҳ֣Ҳ
ſﶫ˿壬䣬ֱվﶫǰﶫš
ſҪˣ
ﶫʡ
ﶫ˵ôһֱʲôʱûվڶˣ
ſЦһ
á
ﶫŭЦһɨſֿ˲ԶĳһۣвҵҪܱһʱˣܱһ
˵ţﶫŽԭ׼ȥ
ﶫ֮£ҳˡ
ﶫг˵ɱ⣬ˡ
Σѵ㻹ܶΣ
ﶫЦһ˿вߵĽԭʱĿмż˿
˫˿Щʲô
֮裬ؼ
ˣڵѪڹˡ
ʦܣſʦ֣һǳҡ
ſʶ
ſʦ֡ſ΢΢һЦ
ʦܣˣǸ
ſЯżǸ⡣
ҡͷһЦſʦֲ𣬾Ҳû뵽ﶫô棬ֱӶҳ֡
ǸﶫǸӣʲô¶óرԱ߻иԭɿ𡣡
ſ˵
λʦֻȥɣûˡ
ֺ͵˼󣬳΢Ц˵
һΣ˵ཻĸӦ飬ſܼʱϵҪȻﶫɱҲὫó׵ס
ﶫԭ
˫˸˵ĺ⡣
СӣҸŪǡƵ۵
ôа취ʡ
СӣǰҲʲôòϣ޷ýɱ侳ơǵȴͬˣˮռˮõƲϣ
˫˸żַ񣺡㹻ˮаղóɱ侳ƣ
á
۾˵̲꣬סһЦû뵽ϲô졣
ԭΪҪԼʵܱ˽ﶫ֮ڿȥôá
ߣȥˮռ䡣
ﵱϣͲֱӳˮռ䣬ռҪˮ
뿪󣬳ʶ֪ˮռʲôطһȥͳԺͳԺ඼ˮȡ׵ǵӡ
ʦ֣ˮռôߣ
ҵһŶӵˮȡ׵ǵӣʡ
Ǵߵĵӣ
ǵʡ
šͷ
ʦܣ˵ȺĵУһ˼˵ãҡĳʶ𣿡ǵʣ¶ֺ档
ţʶ
ͷʦ֣ܸˮռ𣿡
ˮռڴλѪսԱ򡣡
ǵӵ˵ͷڳ뿪֮ʣʣʦܣһ֪ʲô֡

ӰʧǰǵӲŷӦ˹ǳҲûеᡢԵͦ͵İŻǲܹš
Ƹ뿪ͳԺͳԺУӳ˼ӰҲˮռڵķȥ
Ѫս壬֮ǰﵹǴӽϵĿ֪ŵλãλǵߣһɫľվɽ壬ԶԶȥɽͺǱѪȾһ㡣
ѪսƽʱûʲôǵӣΨǵԼŻᵽط
·Ѫս壬ͿǰһƬ
ЩλһƬޱȵϣû뵽ǵפУһƬء
ΧϡԿһЩǵӽ
ﲻ֪ھλãϼǵӣ򣬺ܿ죬ͿΧһڴƵĵط
ǵӣ̤˴ƣʧ
СӣҲȥ
Ƶڳߴһ̣Ҳ̤˴ơ
ǰһͷԼһƬã֮У棬ͺһƬԨΨпƶ
ڳǰļǵӣشų
ߵСƹʱǶЩȣ
ȻǶǵһμ֮ǰȴҲ˵֪ʱ̸һֻСƹֻСƹҲ򵥣ʵޡ
Լǵӵ˵ͷƾֱӶԶʱԸоռ棬ѹϡ
ȻԽ룬Խǿ
Ƽ룬ܵеĪѹɫ
һ·˵ˮͨˮﶼû
ףǱߺռˮ
ͻȻԶϹȥʱ򣬷һǵӣѾƾճеġˮȡ
Щˮɫζ͸ͨˮһ졣
ǵҲֱȥֻˮĽָˮȥ
ЩָǵΪеռˮ׼ģڵǼǳΪǵʱҲõһö
ǵӣ
Ŀ⣬ǵϡ


418 ȡˮ
ǵӣһ㶼侳ϵĴڡ
￴ǵӵʱ򣬻ǵҲڿֻǶԳ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
ƣĴѰ
һȥ
ȥ
أﶼЩʧȥˡ
Һã·תڳƼˮռԶͻȻѿһ죬ͬʱһ̯ˮɢ
Сӣˡ
ƾϲ
ͷ׼ȡˮĽָȥȡˮ
˭֪ʱԶһӰӶ˲䵽˳ǰͷزݽָһ̯ˮս˽ָС
ɫһ䡣
лˡ
һǵӣԳһЦ׼뿪
ֻǣ뿪
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ôȥ
ǵųֿ˳ߵһۣ˵û´ӦþǸҡɣڿǴսǵռĸǵӵľǸ˳ȥ
ϣ֮ӶĿҵˮ
ǵЦˣ֪ʵǿҲĶֻ֡ǣƺˮռĹذɣˮռˮֻбȡ֮󣬲һˮ˲ᣬ򽫱ǵͷ
վ𣿡
ǵӷ·ʮİգЦ
ɫһҲ֪Է˵ģؿǵһۣԶȥ
ߣǿȶٶʮƥΣçһ
ǵӲмɨ˳ıӰһۣһȥˡ
СӣҸղһǼһ
Ƹڳ󣬱ȳﻹҪŭͺǸǵԵĶǳһ㡣
ˮռ棬
ü
ǵǳʲô£˶ɥʧȡһ˵ӿʸǾЩòʧˡ
ּ˼գ﷢ԽԽǿ
ܸоڳܵĸɺܴ룬嶼ܵˡ
ˣ
ͻȻѿһ죬Ũˮˮһ㣬ӿ
ĿæýָˮȡЩˮӿ˰죬һѷŻرպһԸоָˮϴμһС̲ܱȡ
ƣЩˮ
ƣȡˮΪ˻ȡ׵㣬ʱҪ׵㣬ģƲóɱ侳ƣﶫɱ
ȡһЩɡ
˵
á
ͷΧתȴûм룬룬ܵˣȴܲˡ
ȻһҪǿҲ޷ȡ
ҡǡ
һ磬ҡ⣬ӭ糾͵Ӱӣ߽ҡǺֱҡֵľ¥
͹٣ǳԵʲô
º󣬾¥С߹ʡ
ž
һˣһ̧֣һöƷԪʯϣСЩ㣬˵⣬öԪʯˡ
л͹٣л͹١
С۰Ͱ͵ؿƷԪʯæ
ȻƽʱҲչٵѣô󷽵ǵһæ͹ʣұ֤֪޲ԣ޲
ҡĳ
Ǹӣ˵
ҡ͹٣ǿҡǵˡԣʢˡ˵˽⣬ûܱҡǵ˸˽Ǿ¥Թء
С˵˵һ⣺һд
һʱ䣬Ӷһۣ¶ϣ
Сһ
һ˵
ÿݣ˺͸ߴ󡭡ţ߻һֻɫС˵ʲôءȻһЩҡ˵ġ
С˵
ޣ
ӶһۣӶԷпȡ
ˣλˣҡǸҽã֪һЩ£Եȥʡ
С˵
СöԪʯˣȥɣ˳׼Ǿ¥Ʋˣþơ
ӷԸ꣬Сȥ
ҡĳǡСˡ
еһˣ̾˿˵
ˣǱˣǳ硢ɺ˾磬ǰʱڶͻƵ˵侳ϣˡͷ뿪˳ڡ
Ҫȷʢ򴫵÷зǸǲʶĳ
ڣǼȷˡ
㷹뿪˾¥·˸ҡ
Ҽ˵ǳѣҲӭ˽һк󣬸Ҳ֪˵ݣԭǳֶ˺ѣֶǡ
硢ɺ˾磬ִܿӸĿУ֪뿪ҡȥǵ¡
û뵽Ǽһڽǳ˦ںˡ
˾Ц
ɵͷ˶ΪȻ
λҪԵѪȥҡΪǴѶֶǺܹǵٵġ
ֽ˵
л
лԺ뿪˸ңֱѪȥѪľ
ľ֪ǳѺҲԹӴˣ֪˵æһҡĵˣλġ
ľСҪǣ
ľ˵õľӦк󣬳˸һ뿪Ѫ
뿪Ѫ󣬳硢ɺ˾˶һۣ˲Ŀ⡣
ô
ôСﶼôˣٲṲ̆侳ʱǻδܲ侳߽ס
ȥɣúúˣʱùͷ˵û

ˣ峿ҡǣʱֱ֣뿪ҡǡ
ˮռµʱ䣬ֱȥͳԺ׼ȡһЩ׵㣬ԣҪõƣҪһЩĲϡ
㲻ʱ䣬͵õ˽ˮ

߽Ŷӻȡ׵Ķ飬ϳ˳
һʱ䣬Щ˶棬ǰ伣׵õ˶ˮ
ߣһսǵ֪Сӣʱ䣬֮һˮûȡ
һ̵˳ĶС
ﶨһֻԩ·խǰĲǱˣǡԭ
ԭùŹֵԳǰǵӵλʦֵܣѵ֪õ˶ˮ˵λʦֵܾ͸·ҶЩ˶ˮˡ
˵ǣҲ棡
á
ǰ

﷢֣ڽԭ£ǰǵӶˡ̵ơһͼǰ档
ҪԶˮȡ׵㣿
ͳԺȡˮĳϣҲֳֺ档
ǰյǵ͵ߵټӴȵĵһǵΪҡĪҫǷڹȥǲܷ¡
˭֪ҡһֱǵߵе׵Ǹҡõһһš
ʱΧǵӡ
϶ֻ


419 ԶϢ
ΧֻĿ⣬ȻҲˡ
ЦЩҪϷעҪʧˡ
СӣϽˮȡǿ۽硣ƴ·ȳﻹҪ
ϣȡˮ棬ҿ°Ķȡ׵㡣
һ˵ţһ߽ȡˮĽָԼĹ׿˹ȥ

ĻֻøȡˮĳסˣһȺǵӣҲסˣ仰˼ˮֹ
ʹţɡ
ԭЦȻȻΪڴţһսǵûʲôĵӣˮռ£Ҫȡˮ
ɲųôá
ǵӣӹֵ͹׿ǵϣ˵Ǽٻϵһʱͻʶ
ţһ֮
λǵ̧ͷЩȵؿ˳һۣЩȡģû˸㣿
˵ͷ
°ʲôЩˮԣûʲôãк档
ǵϺ˵
ٺ١
ٺһЦ˵ϣҵļиףʲôòҪþµһ֣Ϊ㡮Сġ
ǻ
ǵϱﻣһһ㶵ģǵͷҾ͸°
ʱվڳһȺǵӣľ״ǰһġ

ֻ£
ǶظоԼȣֱֵһᣬһЩǵӣǿԭһЦЩˣԼ»ȲϳɣֻǶˣ
ǣ˷ʱ䣬ҶӦûȡ˹׵㣬Ժȥˡ

һǵӵķ̣ԭɫѿޱȣȴľʹգˮӦſ͵ɣߣǵչ㡣
ͷɨ˽ԭһۣʣԭҵ㣬ˮԸһǵǼӣԼ᲻ãͱŪˡ
㡪
ԭʱһǵӱĵĿ⣬Ȼתȥ
ҳŪ㣡
ͬʱڳĶУ˽ԭĺݻ
㵽ס
ﲻػһ䣬˫һҪŪôҪ˭Ū˭
Ĺ׵ѾˣϽЩˮÿԻȡʮ׵㡣
ʱȡˮǵϣָ͹׿˳
ʮôࡣ
Щȡ
ҡƴƴɱ˲ľӢڵӣҲ׬ʮ׵ѣʱĸȡˮĸȫ
ţʮ֮һˮһ׵㡣
ǵϵͷ΢Ц˵
λʦ֣ʦܸˡ
ֿЩǵһۣȥ
һʱ䣬Щǵ¶ɫڳȥ󣬸̾ʵвģʦԴſ񣬴Ӹղŵ¿ȴˡ
ѹ˵Ŷ಻ţҿ϶ǽԭ˹Ĩڳ
϶ǵǰҡɱӢڵӣԪˡ

Ȼ֪Լ뿪ʱһ׻ЩǵӷӦô
ʮ׵㣬ȥȡҪĲϡ
ʲôһ׵㣿
ȥȡʱҪֲͨһ֣Ҫһ׵㡣
ｫֲȫ룬Ĺ׵㼸ȫˡ
ʱˡ
ǵĹ׵㣬ԶûҡĹ׵ֵǮǰĻ˵ߵĹͲһϡԪʯǵĹ׵ƷԪʯĻҡĹ׵ƷԪʯ
ƣ׼Ʋ֪ʲôط
ƣǵפһֹɱ¾ҪɱˣܽƲ֪ǵפأֻܲõ档
ȥߣճķ׼õơʴʺϲǸ򣬿Էӳǿ
һ۶ߣ˵
á
ͷǵפת˼Ȧ뿪פأһ·߶ȥֱǵפﴦŶסΡ
ڳƽ£һĹʯ֣ʯдݲֻһ״һľʯ
ط
һ˫ɫͫף˸˵ĺ⣬
ͷȡҪֲϣԼŰˮĽָʣƣ׼õơʴҪƷԪʯ
ҡͷãʴΨȫˮṩչֳǿУСӣҪͨʴɱ侳ÿһʱ䣬Ҫṩһˮÿɱһ侳ˮġ
šӦ׼
ţƿʼơʴڳһԴ֣Щƣһϲֻͨһɵţνﶫ
ҪɱﶫԵΣҪȻһǵ߲֪ˣǾǴ´ˡ
ǵУһֹе˽໥ɱ¾
ϾǵľӢӱͲ࣬ǲֹɱ¾Ӣӽʣ޼
ơʴʱſúãΧʯ֣úúһֻҪ侳߽ʴַΧϵ⣡
Լõƣżš
ƣֻҪƲ˸ƬֵʯʲôŹ֡
ƻȥ󣬸ڷ£͸оһϤϢϯͬʱһ˳ĶУ
ˣ
ƴڷᣬԼ̤
ˣǰߵټӴʱλˣҲǵĸ
ҽ㣬޺۵С
˶ԳͰһЦ
ˣ
Щȣʣ֪Ǻ£
ֵ˵ҵˣǰʱҡǣ㡭
˻û˵꣬ͱϣģ
ʱ˷ܣǱصһ˿ɢģȻ޴棬Դӵͳ˷ֿһֱ˵İȫ
ڿڶúúõġ
ˣģ
￴ˣ¶ּС
Ц޺۵Ļ뿪ҡǰ˵ڳڡڣ֪ӦʢһСš
ǵ˵ţǶţһţСš
Ψгһţбʸ
Ҿͷˡ
˿ѹõʯͷǷˡ
л˸Ϣ
Ƿл
΢΢һЦúŬɣٹ꣬ʹ߽ɶϻӣǵʱ˵ӿʸѡΣҲҪʽʼˡ


420 
ʹ߽٣
˵ӿʸѡΣ
˵Ļ̲סһҡǵҪԭΪľ
Ψлʣʳ֣ĸס
˷ģһᾡ
¶ţ˵˵˵ͷֱȥ
֪˳˵ϢҲ˿ȷ˻úúõģʱ䣬Ҹᵽȥ
˴㣬ƻԼΪǵӵľ
Сӣ׼ôǸﶫʯǱȥ
ʳ֪ʲô㡣
ҡҡͷʱû뵽취ȥƣﶫˣǸ߱ﶫϹԣֻܵȣٴ
˵иֳѪĹ⻪ﶫҲˣﶫ޻أ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ЩˣƺҪơʴ
ѵ㻹иõİ취
Ʒ˷ۣʡ
ƶʱ˵ˡ
˼գҲûﶫƼˮռ䣬һΣûϴˣһʱ䣬Ҳֻռ֮һˮ
Ϊ˵侳أִ˵侳۷壬ѾȥΪҪֻ⾳֮ϵĸ
ֻҪһ⾳֮򵽾أٽһͻƣ̤֮֮
ǵˮ˹һЩҩ似Ƭ֮⣬ЩʱôԾõٶˮȡٶ๱׵㣬Ҳû̫á
ţ
뿪ˮռ䣬￴Զ̤նһˣüͷ
֪ջΰ
ڳǰĲǱˣǡԭԭųƤЦⲻЦ
ӹһ˿񣬵˵ջΣƺԭ޹ذɣѵ㻹ϴһٶһΣ
˵꣬ﲻɫµĽԭֱ߷Ӷȥ
ϴε£˰̣ԭȻŭ֮һѾѵһ٣ȻǵפطΧɱϴﶫһѵǸҵġ
ֻǣڽԭ׼ֵʱֳﾹȻǵȥ
ǵפ֮Ӷȥ
ԭ̲סչǸֳһĨЦȻ׼뿪뿪ǵפأҾ㽫ɱˣ˭֪Ҫ־͹̫⣬Ȼǰ뿪ǵפء
һΧȷûڿ۲󣬽ԭϱ߷ɶݶȥԶˣӶȥķ
СԼԳǵ˷֡
һ·ڳ󣬽ԭܿ뿪ǵפء
û϶֣ھǵפԶһЩĵطٶ֣κεףԳ츳ʵǵ߲֪˺֣κκ³
СӣĸˡϧҲõơʴɱĵһˣǸﶫ
ƴ˵Щ̫⡣
ģֻҪеǻᡭԭҸյǵʼΪԣĻϲ⡣գк֮ģұɱ
صżɱ֮⡣
ڣ˹ʯ֮УʯֵͿ֮ϡ

ѾԶǵפأԭҲٶأֱʯ֮УţϣѪЦݣּˡ
ң
װüͷһ壬ɫͳʲô
ʲô
ԭЦˣ־͹ԼĴ⣬ǰ뿪ǵפءգɣ
˵ԭϣ֮֮ͬʱӿɢ
µƣѹ˳Ƶϡ
ĿԭһᣬԭȻ˵ȴҲûĶ֣ﶫԭɱңѵͲǵĹ𣿡
ԭЦʺĵطɱ㣬Ҳǵ֪˵棬ɣ
˵꣬ԭѾ̤նһ硣
ƣ
ʱ򣬳һ˿֮ʧ

ԭȥڣֻǣܿͷֳߵʧˣʧĵطһϢƣ
ʺʯֽȻִƣԭ̲סԤУʶԤı
һҧԭ㲼˴ƣҲɣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ŭ֮£ԭϵ֮Ͱۣ֮˺ѳգµǵնգֱӺɱ
ֻǣܿԭͷ֣ʯֵϿգͻȻһɫĹ֡
һ֣ȫʩΪĹ·ײ޻ϣ޴ֻڹһȦȦ
ôܣ
ԭɫ䣬ǰһģһʵ̫ڹ죬ǵһμôĳ档
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ܿ죬ԭֿɫֳֵͬʱһҫ۵۳ΣԶԶȥͺһڰյСա
ЩС棬оϢϢ
ã
ԭɫ䣬ʶ˲ԣ̤ն磬ɫֵ֣Ӵȥ
ֻǣһСվ£׵ؾͽס޴ӣ
߿֮ϣۿһĻԭᣬǽԭԼûϧڣԭѾһˡ
䡪
ԭһյΧˣȫʩΪǿԼһ·ֻǣ֮ϣֻջһΣ첻κʵԵ˺
ڣĻ֪ܺЩСտ⡣
ЩСգǾ޿ƥеһ㣡
塭壬һж壡
ۿһվ£Щȫ£һ壬ؽױޣ
ҲҲ
ԭĿȻ޴棬¶Ŀ־塣

ģ㣬ŹҡŹң
Ȼ֪ôֶΣýԭ˸߰ͷ­ġ
Ҹᡣ
Įݶ䣬ԭĶУ׻
㲻ɱң㲻ɱңɱңǵŹģŹģ
ԭţúѾЩ״ˡ
Цˣ˵ԭƺ֮ǰ˵Ļ˰ɣҼǵãղ˵ʺĵطɱңҲǵ˻֪֮ɱ㣬ӦҲǵ֪ɣ
ԭɵˣû뵽ԼһֱԾĹһСϯϴʹ̲סҾǱɹҲŹ㣡
䣡
ųߵ˫ͫһơʴַΧڣһ˲ײһγһҫ۵𣬰


421 
ԭһС֣ųһʯֵɫٴʯָֻƽͺʲô¶ûзһ
ˬ⣬š
ƳһʯַЦ
ȥɡ
кƣͺղŷ£˿ֵһһ㡣
ڳ뿪ʯֵʱʢϵǣһĸ֮ۡУȴһȣˣˣ
ˣүĻˣ
ĸۡΪǡҡС
ңʢ㲻Ժգֻһ壬ڣȴҲͷļ壬رǰҴүΪǵӺ󣬾еһ壬Ҳǽҡ
ԭ
רŷá顱Ķ֮ۡۡڣΪ߽˿ǰѵĻ飬һѪһ



һʱ䣬һȺˣš
˭ɱҶ
˫Ŀ죬ɢµϢ˶ɡ
үǵӣʢ֮Ум˸ɱ᲻ǴүǵġѪս塯ǵһˣ
һ˲²
Ǻԭ£һȥŪϣȥһ
ϳۣ޷Զ˵
ǡ
ղ˵ˣæӦ
ˣҲǽҼ졯ŽҴϡȪֱȥפأǼлԨˣҶͨǵĸ֡òףϣǵǵȥ̽
ԭˣ
лԨüӣûʲôӡ
ǵӣȴǼǵһر֮ǰټӼǵԭк
ԭǰټǵĵӡ
鶼ˡ
̧֣һö飬
лԨĿһԭǴȥģҲΡһǵ
лˣ
æл
˵ãǽԭʵǵġѪս塯ɱģҲֻ֮ܲˡ
лԨѵ
˷ģҶѪս屻ɱҾȨûʤӣ
˵ǵѪս壬ҲΪ˽⡣
ǵǵӻɽȺС
ķﾫĵظŷ֮⾳Ƭһʱȥķ֮⾳Ѿȫ泬˵֮⾳
֮⾳ء
ɷ֮⾳ȴѾأ
һжΪ̡Գ֮⾳İԽԽС
˵һ¹ȥˣǸﶫǰ˰ɣ
ƿһɵ
һۣǲϴˣߣȥתת
һǰơʴɱԭ󣬳ûٳţڷʵŵ֮⾳ͷ֮⾳ʱ䣬֮⾳ջҲС
ƣսͳԺһ˵ûԭˣ
ۿ˲ɣ
ǣԭûѪս壬˭ɱ
ûۿʵģʱҲڡˣһ˾ǽԭĸףĽԭĻѾˣǾãԭܻ𣿡
ô˵ԭˣ
ɲǡ

Щǵӵۣڳﲻüͷ΢
ԭʱӦò֪ԭû뵽ǣԭĻ˾лԨˡ
ԴҲΪ⡣
ܿ죬ǵʹ˿ͣɱԭ֮ˡ
ֻǣֲһ£ûʲô
ܿ죬ǵ˵עҲӽԭתƵһϣºʹ߽ǵʱǵʮµĵӣʮܵõ˵ӿʸ
õʸˣԸʹߣɶϻӣǰʢһߣ˵ӿˣ˳ͨԳΪʵ˵ӡ
Ǭ½߶ԣܳΪʵ˵ӣһֵýԺ¡
ңҲһһĻᣡ
º˵ӿʸǶˡҲͰ˸˸ҪͷѪ
ǰһǵģʵѪǺͲ̺ܺɫĳǵӱȡ
ϧǰոչʮա
㲻գΪܵõʮ֮һ

ǵ£й˵ӿʸۡ
ЩۣȻҲ˵ˡ
Ҫô
¶Цݣһ죬Ѿȴ˺ܾá
ĸףһʣʳ֣Ϊ壡
Ŀ⣬ᶨκζ޷ҡ
ʦܣ
һգӵķᣬӭ֮ͣ˳ﶼϵãſ͵ࡣ
ҡˡ
λʦҿ£
΢Цʣ˶ԾǶˡ
ʦܣѰ㣬ҲǱ⡭ԸԸæȫԼǲǿ㡣
ſ˵
ţһɻ󣺡Ըꡣ
£˵Ϊﶫ
˵кһš
ﶫ
üͷһ壬ﶫãû鷳ҪȻơʴɱˡ
ʦ֣ô£ʡ
ʦܣҲ֪Щߵĸӣǵ󣬻϶ᱧһš⣬ߵ֮ˣԷΪ߸ӪǾҡӪˡſ˵
ͷ⡣
һ㣬ǰϴѧʱѧͬơ
ÿˣԼ硱ĹС
ﶫӪˣͬʱҲһСˡһΣӪһǵӳأǵﶫУսҡӪκһǵӡ
ſҡӪǵ֮ˣҲֻʦһˡԣһΣԵ㡣
˫𣺡ǵӣǵ侳
ſͷǡ
Щȣ֪ߵټӣ˺һǵġǰһͻƵ侳Ϊϵǵ𣿡
ǵӣһ⡣
ſ˵ǰսҡʮ꣬侳ءĽգûͻƵ侳Ϊ켶似еں⾳ͬһں⾳ں⾳е⾳֮ͷ
Ҳ˵ں⾳е֮⾳͹֮⾳ϡȻ߻ħ
ò˵ſһóЩп
֮治С
似УҪǣ似
Ȼſûϸ˵ѾܲµǰǸӣ֮ԻûͻƵ֮Ϊ⾳֮ͷܵһһ֡


422 ӦսѪս
ʦ֣˵ں⾳֮Ӧúǿ°ɣ
￴ſʡ
ſɫصͷ֮⾳͹֮⾳˵Ѿ˵ھءһֻҪκһ⾳֮ɱɰ֮ͻƵ侳
侳һְ֮ʩչںϰֻ侳һأ侳صһߣδĶ֡
ſⷬΪȻ
ְ֮ںϣͿ¡
һ侳ߣҲһְ֮ʩչںϰ֮һһ㶼ֻ⾳֮
֮Ͱ֮ںϣԶǰ֮⾳֮ںܱȣ
ô˵˾ˣ
ʡ
ſ͵඼ͷ
ǲ˵ʲôĻˣʡ
˵ĻҲˡ
ſ̾˿ǣֱԴӪսҡӪֻǵ侳ߣȻ侳һȣɵ侳ҡӪУҲֻλսǵʦܡ
һֱҡӪӪˮ˭Ҳ˭ԣһΣҡӪʦֵܶġ֪Һ͵죬ͼȰ㡭
˵ſϿҵʦܣΪһζԷҪǵѪսһսûգǾˣԾˡ£˻㣬ɷġ
֪ſǺ⣬һů
־⾳֮ĵ侳ô
Щ˼
ͻȻſɫ΢ʦܣǸӡǰʱأԹ쾵ԡĹǿȣﵽ˶ʮƥ
ʮƥ
ȳﵱĲԣǿʮƥ
ԣҲ̲סһ𣬵쾵ԵʱȫʩΪ˷ɵͨġ
ɻԶ
ʦܣҺʦҲǸ˵һ˵£Ҳˡ
Ҳ˵
ǰڹս㣬ɾﶫڰݣΪﶫ֪Ҫͨ˵ӿʸѡΣڴ֮ǰ׻㣡
ſ˵Ҷû֪£ҡӪһЩʦ֣Ӧû˻˵ʲô
ʦ֣ͨʲô
Ƭ̣ʡ
ͨǽëԳ˵Ϲ֣ԺĴڡͨĶʮƥǿȣ˿ں⾳֮Ҫǿͨ
ſ˵
ʦ֣
ͻȻ￴ſĿһӪսҽˣ
ţ
ſ͵඼סˡ
Сӣ
ƼˣųҲſ˿ʶǸĿ£ڵĳǸɵİնûС
ʦܣ嶯
ҡͷſҲǰ£͵û˵ǣҲӦһʦֵܡ
˵ţ˾׼뿪
λʦ֣֪ͨӪһºѪս壬һս
վĿ絶Ȼ˵
һ£
ſ͵üͷһ壬˵ʲôɵǿǼᶨʱ֪Ƕ˵ҲûãһʱǶ˵ͷֱȥ
࣬ҾǾͲ
ſЦû뵽ֱӴӦˣҲԳﱨ̫ϣǾǺһ¶԰
ʦ֣ǲʦҲġҾãӦ
˫Ӷ
ҲֻˡſΪεͷ
Уſ͵ȥƿͺһСӣˣǿȶʮƥҲһս
Цƣˣҵķ֮⾳Ҳˡ
Ƶ֮⾳нڵĹǿȣҲԳʮƥСӣ̫嶯ˡ
ﲻΪ⣬˫⣬̾˿ƣѾܾûйڵĸоˡ
ţ
Ʋ⡣
ֵԴ뿪򣬽ҡʼһ·̹̹ҡղս飬ྫӢڵӡѪǣҶ첻̫ѹΣҿ˻ᣬͨҵĵ֮⾳
һǿߡ
ں⾳ǿߣʵ֪
ӣ
˳䣬ȴҲ֪ľѳֻۣϣһºսʤ
ǵһըװϢܿͽʹ߼ٵϢ׸ǣ
һºҡӪġӪġѪսһս
Ѫս壬ʹŲݣΨһ£սͣЪ
ǵӶԣɶˡ
һˣǽţҡ
һˣǵԶһࡱţҲ֮Ϊǵ֮µһˣ
֪ʢ֮УҡǾԵͷҲǵĵҲͷʱȣֳͻ
ЩǵӶԣѾʲôϡˡ
һεԼսǵӵ顣
ȻҲвǵӣ̲ס̾ôġͳʮ꣬ܲ˵ӿʸѡΣƹˤûӰ졣ȴǱȻܵõ˵ӿʸ֮ˣһѪս壬ֻǰ;ûˣס
ӪǹģﾹȻԸϵǡ֪˵ʲôá
˵ҡӪֵء
ɣҡӪôģһսʤҲˣǰˣǾͳ׻ˣҡӪܳһλ˵ӵģȴҪֻˡ
ϣʤɡ
ʤӦû֪ǰЩʱй쾵ԣĹǿȵִ˶ʮƥ
ʲôʮƥȷû
ȻûС
ûϣˣϧˡ

ǵӣóԼսѪս岻ֵ˵ǰ̣ȫһϡ

ͨʹֵܶˣҪȰɵӵķᣬȴֻһֻڡ
ƣأ
ơ
ҡҡͷûҸȥҲ֪ȥˡҪһºŻ֡
˶
ͨü̫嶯ˣǸҲ˵ˣǿ־⾳֮ҽںϵĵ侳۷ߣʵȻ쾵Զʮƥ¡
Ȼͨûн˵꣬ڳ֮˶ܲ³ͨе˼
˵ٶҲãֻϣһº󣬳սʤȻһɾͳ׻ˣ
üϸֳֵǡ
ͳûʶ̫ãǿʵԼ͵Ϊˣ۷
ʤġ
ѵÿڣ࣬ȴԳġ
ֻˣҪȻ¶Ե˵ӿʸѡˡ
̾һ˵
ȥѵûſڴ˯ЩСӣҶ±ߣԺ뱾ٰˣ


423 ǵ
ˮռ䡣
һ۳ǵӣˮռߣˮռѾˣ׼ٴϰ£ȡˮ
ºȡ˶ˮ뿪ˮռ䣬ǰѪսս
͡
ͻȻѿһ죬һ̯ˮϢ֣ģ֣́׼ˮȡЩˮ
ಡ
ֻǣһӰ죬ֻǰһӰӹһ̯ˮҲûӰ
̧ͷһӰѾԶȥʧǰ
޳ܣ
һʱ䣬ɫǺ죬
ȻҲ˵ˮռʱˮǵһɰù
ǵķ򣬼ңԶ֮أӰվֳΣȴһԼĪʮӡ
ӽüĿһˮռ棺ڣӦÿԼˣ
һ̣ӶΪֱ֮۶ѹ£һּٶǰУͬʱһ֮īħ
ħ۳һСӶգʧ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һħС籩滨һ㣬ӵΧڵһֻըëĴ⬣̷׷ɡ
ǲһ㡣
̾˿Զݣʧˮռǰľͷ
а¡
һʱ䣬Χֻӵһ̾
º
Ѫս壬ֱ֮Ϊǵġ塱Ѫսһսǵӣݣսһ¡
ƽʱտޱȵѪս壬ȴޱȣ˲ǵӡ
Щǵӵһּٶš
ףǿˣ
ȻһսǼѵһսҿɲܴˡ
һ׼ׯİɣ
Ȼ
ӣ໥죬һˣ˸˲еľ
ǿǵǵӡ
侳߽׵Ĵڣ
һˣ˵⣬ҲһҵƣҲһλǿǵӡ
ΧǵӣˣԾηվԶ׿

ˣ

һľһģ́ͷԶ߿գֻһȺƺƵ̤Ѫս壬˵Ŀ⣬Ⱥһ˵ϡ
վǰһЩǵӡǵӣ˿ƺû
ֻһǵӶѡ
ǿ
һȺеΪһˣǿû뵽һҲˡ
ǵȻҪúÿׯô̷·ҪҪ棿
ǿһЦ
ǿׯȻҪú桭ôΣ
̷·ͷ˫һ졣
ʤһһʤһ塣
ǿ˵
Ϲذɣ̷·ʡ
šǿͷ
ãѺʤ׵㣡̷·˵ţֱȡ˹׿ˢ׵ǿ
˿̣ǿĹ׿ʾеġ
һǧ

һʱ䣬ñȽϽǵӿ֣̲סһǺųǵƵǵӣϵĹ׵㣬ǵ֮⣬ܱˡ
ǿҲѺ׵㣡
ҲѺҲ׵㡣

̷·ߵǵӣҲע
ˣӪǵӡ
ǿĿ⣬ӹˣվŵһˣһЦʦ֣İ
ǿʦ֡
վ˳ǿ
һ׳ӣòͨվһ⺷֮
ﶫ˵ģôѺ֧֧
ǿ˵ͷֿܿӪеһˣﶫ
ﶫһЦǿкһҧȡ׵㣺ҲѺʦܣһǧ׵㣡
ڳ֮˶ԿﶫĹ׿ˢһǧ׵󣬾ֻʣ׵ˣǽҶѺϡ
˼
ǿ͵ؿﶫһۣ˵ͷ
ǿѵ㶼ׯҪǲǾ˵ȥˡ
ʱǼԶЩˣǵߵҡӪ֮ˣÿһӪУǵӡ
Ҳ֪ǿΪˣעɣ߲ܡ
ǿһЦˬʵ
ЩԿӪǵӣҲ˼׵ĶעǸӪǵӺﶫһ׵ѹϡ
Ҷܿ㣬Ҫˡ
ǿֿЦ
æӦǡ
ǿοҪѪˣĿǰΪֹƺûѺʤ
ӪΪ׵ǵӡ̷·ǿһЦ
ɷģѺʤˣϾҪˡ
ǿһЦͻȻǲʲô̧ͷǵķʱʱ߷ণһ̤ն䣬ǿߡ
ҡӪˡ
ſ͵࣬ȻУֻǣһȺҡӪУֻվк󷽡
ôĿǰΪֹûѺҡӪĳʤ
ǿҡӪΪ׵һˣ΢΢һЦ
ھˡ
ҡӪΪ׵ǵӣòݵӣһ̧֣׿ͱȡ˳ֱˢһǧ׵㣺Ѻʤ
һǧ׵㣡
ҡӪĳﵹҲͦš
ǿЦ
ҲѺ˰׵㣡
ʱվҡӪһȺк󷽵ſվ˳׿˳
ǿ̧֣ſһۣڷע̫кʣڣһȶ㣬ҪѺ𣿡
Ѻ
ſĿᶨֱӽ׿ˢ˰
ڳ֮˿ſ׿ʣʮ׵ʱ˲ҡͷſˡ
ſ㻹Ϊʤ
ʱӪﶫſһۣЦһ˰׵㣬ҪˮƯˡ
գҵİ˰׵ˮƯһǧ׵ˮƯĿǰΪֹδ֪ϣﶫЦ󡣡
ſһЦһƽ
Ͳ㵣ˣҿ϶Ц󡣡
ﶫ˵
Ѫս壬߿Ʋ֮ϣûǵӵĵطӰ֡
ǵһ۾ϳλˣǱˣǵλ
ǵУΪλ
֮ǵĻϡ
û뵽˵ӿʸѡ֮ʣǸСһﾹȻӦһսǰˣǿɾǚi˾·
һλĿ⸴ӣ˵
һλһЦûнӻ
һôأѵ㻹ó
ǰüͷ΢壬ʡ
ӡĳʵԺȡ
߻˵
˼ǣҲóýճذɣ
ǰʡ
ҡͷ
ǰüͷøϼһ˵ﲻԺȣǷذɣҡͷ㵽ʲô˼
ЦˣҸղŵĻƺûû͸ɣ


424 ɽ
ǰüϼһӣ
Цֻ˵ӡĳĶ֡뵱սǵѾȥ˽һ꣬˭֪ı仯أ
ǰһ΢΢üĲ࣬ӦòôʱֲİɣǿǹǿȶٶʮƥͶʮƥĲ࣡
ǿʮƥ˵ʤˡ
˵ٶҲãúÿˡ
ֵ
һʱ䣬˰˫ǵӣת˲֮䣬ǳ貵Ĺ⻪ֱѪսϡ
ѪսΧǵԽԽࡣ
ôû
˰ɣ
ᣬֲǸ֪Գȥʢ򴫵÷зͷǾԶ֮𣿡
ٵȵȰɣȻԼǽգҲûʱ䡣

һЩǵӣۿֻһˣٳٲЩ͡
ȻҲ֮ˡ
ˣǲǳߵС𣿡
ͻȻҲ֪˭˵һ䣬ǵӵĿ⣬ԶֻĵӰԼһֻɫС̤նֻǣиûгӰ
ﲻڣ
ߵֻ޼ȻڣȻ

ȻûмǵӶ֪û뿪ҪȻҲܻᶪ޻顰ޡ
Сӣȥˣ
ǺͨʹֵһģɫͫףӹܣûзֳӰ١
ҡӪĳˡ
ܿ͹ȥˣֺ߳ϼʱֽ٣ӪΪ׵ǵӡ̷·ҡӪΪ׵ǵӡһЦ
̷·¶ۣջûȥ
ﵭ˵
ôѵΪǸﻹҡ
̷·ЦһֻǣĻû˵꣬ͱ˸ˣˣˣ
ɲǼ䣬ѪսΧǵӣĿⶼˮռڵķǸطһӰնת˲ѪսϿա
ˣ
Ҿ֪

һǵӶˣǵȴһա
ʦܡ
ҡӪУſ͵඼ǵؿ˳һۣϵƽʱŻ˿
ǳ
ӪУµıߡﶫ˵
ͷնת˲ͻһѸ⣬˳ǰ໥ţų
Ȼ֪񲻹ʮ꣬ᣬɵʱЩȣû뵽һôߣ侳ߵʵ
ҵܾˡ
ƽһΪ㲻ء
˫΢УһЦӦе£Զڡ𣿡
ɫ磬ʼɣ·
ϵ֮һ𣬺Ϣ֮ƫɫת䣬ʵȫʣ֮⾳
֮⾳ʹ⾳֮ͬ

˫һе֮۳һӵĳΧһ΢಻µĹ֮һ֮⾳Ϊһ塣
һʼͶóں⾳Ҫֱӽɱ
Ҳ֪Ƿܿ⣡
ֻӦÿԿ⣬츳ͨذɣʮƥĹǿȣɲ˵ġ
侳ǿȶʮƥǿǵȺˡ

ǵӻۣͷ֮ϣһֻµľԳӰѾ֣һֻͨľԳȫͬľԳͨõĽëȫϼҫ£ԡ
ëԳ
ͨͨĴڡ
𡫡
ëԳ쳤Хľ죬ΧǵɫĽëԳͨ˵ǿԱⶥͨĴڣ
Ŀ⣬ʼնûʲô仯ػͨ
ͨ壬ѪΪ˰֮壬ڳ֮Уħ۳ΣһħħıϣŲħ˸̺˵Ϣ
֪ʱǷƥĵ֮⾳ͷ֮⾳Ȼںһ𣬸ħ֮Уˡˡ̶֮ޱȡ
Сӣ⾳֮޷ֺһʱ䣬ȥʲôˣ
üͷ˵ģ¶˾ģҪ־³Ȼ֪Ŀ֮ǷǸ
ϣ
ʱһȣëԳٴη˷ܵĵͺ
еôŹ֣ô
ǵסһʱһ٬ͻأһĿŹЩ˸̲סЦ
˵仰ĲǱˣǳ

ɫһŭһëԳֶͨ䣬δڣǻһӰڣһ˿˿Ϣӵϣ·һķʽΪһ塣
Ϊſ񸶳ۣ
һǰ粽е֮εĳһЯ֮ųͺݺݵػ£ڡ
һ£ֻ֮⾳ĺŹ֮⾳ԣ
һȫʩΪǿȴﵽ˶ʮƥ
ʮƥһ£𶯣֮Ŀ·һɾգսһЩǵǵӣȻԶܸоһ˿Ϣ
ţ
ܿ죬Щǵӷ֣һûж˼վɷƶԲɽ
˻
ǵӣһ̣ɵһ
ɵ˲ɣ
Ｘͬʱ뷨
Сӣ
ƴ̺ŽɳȴûκηӦƺûĻһ£
¡¡
乥ǿȶʮƥһȥڡ
ڹ֮ʣһ˶˼ĶֻȻеħ׼ȷ˵ħ֮Χ
ˣˣ
˶óˣЩǵڡ
һǳܿµġ
͡
˶ΪҪɱ֮ʣڳ棬ͻȻһ㵭Ľ⣬ЩǿʢȻ
˳еһ
ħ𹦡ħһ壡
УһͷɲǼ䣬Ľ⣬ҲǷ˲Ҳӵ˾Ų㣬Ųħӳɻԣϡ
ɽ
ʱһҲˣ
ڵһ˳ϡ
ˡ
һ̺ĵ̺֮ëԳ̺֮ͨںһľ⾳֮һܽᡣ
һطӳԼǿ
һڳϣȻܽұ⼸ûκ¡
䡪
ֱеĳ£ڳϣһȦȦ˰ʱʶԼˣش


425 ֲķ

ڳϵķħУһɹǣϵж˱𴦣ʣµСڳϣķûơ
ܡܵģ
ǰһУȫ֪ϣ˲˼顣
˼飬һ˼飡
ȥڣɵվԭأڸղһ̣˶Ϊɣ˭֪ղŵһ
ôܣǹﲻɣ
찡ղŵһǿȿǴﵽ˶ʮƥģﾹ͵ˣ
޲ɣԣǾżҲδظӲһ

ǵӶˣǰһĻͬǵ󣬳վɽ׾ٵһȫ߸ǵ֪
ôܣ
ӪУﶫһ˼飬ǵãѵʱƺûôµķ
Ϊ׵ǵ̷·ɫҲѿɨһۣûõĶ

ҡӪΪ׵ǵӷЦǿǿοǲ˼ˡ
ǿһ⣬˵ȻׯȻҲ֪ӮֻǣҲû뵽ҡӪһĹ
ǰ
ѾҲڶݳ
ǿԳĳƺΧΪȻرҡӪеſ͵࣬һЦǵĵǶģû뵽ʦܻʵ
侳ߣƾ֮Ͱ֮һҲ֡ɡ
೤̾һĿøޱȣоԽԽ͸ʦˡ
һС
Ѫս߿֮ϣ޾֮УӰҲˡ

վһˣɴ˫ۣ˼ؿһĻ
û뵽ȥʵǿĲĹķǿȶʮƥһ޷˵˲˼飡
ͨȻ
СӡȻ
һ˫ɫͫ¶⣬ƺʲô

ΧǵУһǵ֮ˣ̺ųĿ⸴ӣȻ϶ԼȴҲû뵽ԼͳĲô
һѪµӰңңųѪȵϢһսûȫ˿ô
ҧг֮ˣǱˣġѪǡ


̼ĵһ㣬еĳٴξ𣬺Ȼ¡
ÿһȫʩΪޱ
Ȼ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һ£ڳϣֻڳһ˿˿˲ֺ
أڵĵ֮ĴɫҲ԰
湻𣿡
ɨһۣѪĺ⡣
ã
ɫ䣬Ŀĵ䣡䡪
䣿
ЦˣղŴôˬҪˣ
أ
̧֣ȭһȭֱӽ˳ȥʱڳߣһ
ﶫұģزʶҰɣ
ģﶫˣֻϣܵõԭ£һ
㲻ϴ󣬿ΧžĻУȴôһʱ䣬˷˵Ŀ⣬Ӫﶫϡ
Ӫˣÿﶫ
ԭﶫԸġ
Ҳǵùɲʲôò¡

һǵӣȻͬʱҲڿһۡ
Ъ˹ģЦˣÿ˶ѡȨﶫԷʱȫԾܾôѡģܾˣһսҲС
һ֪ͣô£ȻܻӦﶫ
ΧǵӣΪȻͷ
ǰﶫǱΪ飬Ҳ˾ء
֪ˣһպԸţ
һ߼䣬ԼΪߵϣһǰĵ侳۷ߣһ߰ͷ
Ҹղ˵ˣÿ˶ѡȨͬʱÿҲҪΪԼѡأ
ʵ
ɫȻһŭڽеĵ֮ڣƺҪŬһƴ
ˡ
ֻǣֻ̧֣һƺɫ֣ͽĹ飬һ˿ϣ
ﶫңң
ңңؿﶫĺ
ﶫԣɫŤͷȥûп
ĶҲӭһǵӱĵĿ⣬Ƕû뵽ﶫ塣

ۿħ۶ҪնɱһӪдȴΪ׵ǵ̷·ڣ̷·ڵͬʱ̤նңңų
̷ʦ֣ңң
̷·֣ͺץסһݣ
ţ
üˣҲ˴ƣ֪Էǵǵӣ侳߽׵Ĵڡ
̷·ǵӡգһӣŹΣ
̷·ų˵
Ѫսһսֻһܻˣǵڣκ˲òѪս֮սǵɡ
Ȼһս˫һԸĹԷԷܻһ
ֻǣѪս֮ˣһѪĳޣ׾ĹԷأ
ڣ̷·ҲҲѪսһս
ֱֻӸ˵
ӣ
ǵӶ֪δ̷·ǵӵʱ򣬳ͻȻЦˣЦúͻأ
ǡ
̷·ͷǳʦԸʹĹǷһ顣
Ҹ𣿡
￴̷·ʵ
̷·һϣҲû뵽ðôһ仰ҡҡͷ
Ȼǲ죬ΪʲôҪӣ
ЦһҵǺ棬ĵҳ㣬̷·᲻Ϊ飡Ц
㡪
̷·ɫһ䣬ܿ죬ɫ̣ΪѾ֣ħӹֱӽͷ­£ɱ
ɲǼ䣬ŭ֮£̷·֮ӿ·ҪԳ֡
̷·
ʱҡΪ׵ǵӷﶯˣ̷ֱ·ͳм䣬̷·ô߳ŭˣҡӪһǵӳ֣
̷·ɫһ˷һۣշƣ
ڷ㣡
˵
̷·תӪȥ
ͬʱüͷ΢ǲʲôӪ˺һˣɫ΢ﶫ
ﶫҲڿгɱ⡣
Ѫսһսʹ˽ǵҲһһȥһʱ䣬ڳʣµĳ˳֮⣬ҲֻҡӪһˣ˺ƣһǵӡ


426 Ϲ
ǿ
ҡӪΪ׵ķǿһЦĹ׿˹ȥ
λѪ޹顣
ǿЦֱӸתǧ׵㡣
ǿʦ֡
ʱſҲóĹ׿ûԼİ˰׵㣬Ӯһǧ׵㡣
λʦ֣׬ȡĹ׵㣬ǲӦ÷һݣ
ƣҲ˷ſߣһЦ
û׬ô๱׵㣬Ƕ˳ǲԶʳɣ
ǿҲſ۵
ǿΪǺһزūɣʦܣĹ׿óʦֽӮȡĶĽһ㡣
ӵؿǿһۣ΢ЦԳ
ǿƻɱνҡӪһδͷѹӪһ
ʦ֣ҿЦġ
ҡҡͷ˵
ôʦ֣ɫһ
Σֻñؽǧ׵㣬һӾʹ˸ˡ
ʦܡ
ſҲ֣ҪӳĹ׿Цſʦ֣ľͲ˰ɣ
ţ
￴ſ΢ĿʱֻʵصݳԼĹ׿
һĹ׿֣ʹӼǧˡǧ򡱣ΧһȺҡӪӣһĽ
ʦܣǷʦ֣ǿʦ֡
ʱſҲʼǿǵӣǵӣҲܸ˳
ǿڳ˶ǳҡͨʹֵڣһȺ˺ܿʹһƬ
ֱҹһȺɢȥ
ʦܣԺҪСӪˣһԣøӦ֪ͨҡ
ſ͵ͳȥɫضԳ˵
ллʦ֡
жһЦ
ƻصʣСӣôģ֪侳֮ΨʱǱ㡭Ҹоھˡ
ЦƣħУעطңһҿǶˮռڽǻûҲǰæˣ
һΣֱӿĹҲΪһˮռڿԼǱǰ侳Ǳ˳
ԣպһսԷħĴ󲿷ֹ֮ʣµĹ
һУΪյġ侳
﷢֣侳Ǳˮռ޾Լǿ˼Ϊµĳ̶ȣѰľż
ԭˣΪó
ҡͷΪ̾ڵķ֮£ûˡ
֪ڵʵԿԳ֮Ϊ֮޵֡
Ϊյߣͬ侳Ĵڣû˱侳ǱĿ¡
ƣ˵ﶫǰѿ᲻ưոݣ
￴ƣʡ
ԣﻹ֪С˼Сӣû뵽㻹š
˵Ȼơʴﶫģڻûܽɱֿϧġϣһһ㣬ų򡣡
ԣȻ
ļգܣҪﶫע
һգͳԺﶫ
ﶫĿɨûԷԷǳҳɱ¾ӣˮȡһЩ׵㣬ֱ뿪
Сӣˡ
ƴóﾫһϹô
һ죬˺ܾˡ
ƣȥʯ֣ﵱϡ
ڳ߷ӶȥʱֵСӣȥˡû׷
סˣô£˲ɣ
⣬Ϊﶫˣѵ˲ԣôܣ
Ǽʯȥ
룬Ƽʯֶȥܿʯ֮ϵĵͿգͬʱʣƣû𣿡
ƸҡͷͻȻ˫ͫһˣģ±Ƿ֣˸ת
ˣ
ﾫһϹˡ

Х䣬ﶫӰվʯ֮ϣ˳Ƶǰ
ﶫ
ﶫװɫһ䣺㡭ô
ﶫЦû뵽ɡߣȻԼ뿪ǵפأɱ㣬գҾͺúóȫ㡣
һ䣬ﶫϵĳۣ޷Զ֮Х
ﶫǵйأǵӳǵѪս壬򲻵໥ɱ¾Ҫսǵ𣿡
۶ﶫȵ
սǵϣ
ﶫЦˣЦòЦ⣺ƺû״ɣǵפ֮⣬ûǵϼӣʺĵطɱ㣬˭֪Ҷ֣
û˼̨ʶһƣְɡ
ͻȻﶫȻĿУ΢ֵĿһ䣬Ȼƽؿڡ
ﶫԤеɲǣֳߵƾʧһ̣Ѿʯֵĸ߿֮ϣԶƬͿա
ߣ
ͺһﶫ̤ն֮ǣ֮Ӷ׷ɱʲôֶΣ㶼ɣҵҪķжǿ
ֻǣܿ;ֵط֣ʯϿգͻȻһɫĹ֣ڡ
ʲô
ﶫ̲ס˼ּɵ֮⡣
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ܿ죬ﶫͷ֣һС͵գ·ƾճڹ֮УΧС
Ϊ㶫ң
Цһﶫֱӳֻ֣ǣܿͷԼЩСû취Լ츳ͨԻٵЩա
ֻˣЩ֮˲䱻츳ֱͨӱٵ
ۣ
ͨɣ³һѪﶫˣʲô
Ļ֪һжǳֶΣʶ֮뿪ǵפأڸףһµơ
Ƶ˽⣬һƣɱ
Ҳƣ
ʲô
ﶫĻЦﶫΪʲô㲻ǣҸյǵʱôҵģʱҳ֣ǲǺˬ
㣡
ﶫɫ䣬ΧһգʱǽԭҳֵģԩͷծӦȥ
ԭѾˡ
ģԭѾһȥˡ
ﵭ˵ҵԸ㣬˭֪Ȼ׷ҵֻܹԼù
ԭԭɱģ
ﶫͫһ㲻ǵ𣿡
ǵ˭֪ǱɱģЦ
Ϊһԭû𣿡
ﶫЦʵ㣬׷뿪ǵפ֮ǰҿ۷ȥҵ˵ҵĴ㡭ˣҲù
Ϊһţ
ĮȻ˵ɫǲһ
֮ǰԣﶫȷʵβ·ͻȻȥǸȷʵڵķ


427 
ﶫһɨߵžͽɱˣҿθǵ
ΪҲ𣿡
ЦһͬʱкƣҲٿ
á
ӦһֱӲٿơʴһСգ˲˷£ﶫڣﶫ壬յ£𽥵ɢ
Уﶫ˻˺ƳգȴûеõκλӦ
ڵ㡪
ﶫǰ˵һ仰Ѿһ˿
ǵȲˡ
ﵭɨƳȥơʴ󣬻ָ̬ʯһۣƣõơʴǵ̽飬ܽ
Ȼԣǿ֮һɨܷơʴĴڡ
Գѯʣ˵
ۿüͷֵģ±˲ھͿԳơ
ܳ
ﾪȣΪĴһã޷
Ȼ
ƲΪ漴ڳĿ֮£ֱӽơʴ
ˣ޶֤ˡ
ﵭһЦû˸ﶫĸ˵Σ˭ʵɱﶫأ
ò˵֮ǰﻹЩĵġ
Ͼºʹ߾ͽ٣Ϊ¶ǵȥǾ͵òʧˡ
ȥʮպǵٴֿ˹
̵ӪġԭӪġﶫٴαɱһΣﶫļͬлԨ֤
ˣӽǵ޷Ҫıȡһõǰ̡񲻵һʱ䣬ټǵĵ̱ɱǵǲӦøһ˵ȥպĻеǵ
лԨǵѹŭ𣬳
˵˵ͷģ£ǵᾡ
ˣҾǵһʱ䣬ǵһ
лԨ˵
һǵӣҲرͳԺﶫɱ£û뵽ﶫȻɱˣϴνԭ֮ʲôϵɣ
Ҿúܿϵﶫͽԭһͬ㣬ǶӪĵӡ
ѵҡӪ˸ɵģ
û֤ñҲ²⣬ȻСǻ
˵ҲǣȻӪҡӪһֱЩìܣҲֱѪսû˽½

ԭ֮Ѿϻﶫв˽óεϵһ
ҲͳԺЩǵӵۣû뵽ǲϵһ£¡
Сӣǵúͻ²⣬ԭﶫ֮ͬһΪ
ƴ˵
νΣѵܲ鵽ҵϣ
ǵԺ
Ժõ켶УһӰ̤նֻǣû뿪Ժͱմ潵䵽Ժһӽס㾹Ȼųأǰ㸸׺һˣ˵ﶫĻˡ
ʲô
ԣʱɫ䡣
ֻǱչһ¶ѣȻ¡
ǵãһǰԺǰռĴ磬ʱ˵һ£ǼˣκΣա

̤նֱ뿪ԺͳԺ
ǵͳԺϢͨĵطͳԺ󣬾ʳԼﶫɱʱ䣬ܿ죬ͺȻط֣Ǹʱ䣬Ȼչصʱ伸ͬ
Ǹʱ䣬ڸٳɱ
һȻЩ˼飬֪£Լ˵ҪȻĴͰˡ
ǳǿߣϹλǿɱĴ硣
뵽뿪ͳԺնǵۣ֮ƽʱǽֹǵģɽļٵȴ˲ôˡ
ˣ
ңңĸۡըףݶ
ܿ죬һ֮ۡϣһӰ𽥳֣۳Σȴһλˣһʧԭأٴγ֣ǰ
㲻أ
ɫ
ˣһ
ʲô£㾹ҵ֮۴ŵޣ÷
ָճڣɫͱˣʱһ˦䣬µ˲ϣֱӽƷɰ֮Զ
ţŸȥſѪ˵ɣʲô£
˿̵ֻоλҲ֪ˣҪȻѾֱӺɱ
ǿߣҪɱһ򵥡
ˣ֪ɱҸ˭
ѹºڵѪ˵
磿ü
ˣҸﶫæ˵
Ŷﶫĵܵܣ˵ɣɱﶫ˭
˿ʡ
ﶫ֮ȻѾȥһ£ǵûвκζߣﶫͺƾʧһ㡣
ǳ
ڴĿУҧгݵ
ĸһȻȻΪеĳӦòеġ
ˣǸһǰŽǵߵټӴʱΪҡ˵һѪսϣɱġ
˵
֣
ɫһͺȵֻһ侳ߣɱ磿ǼߵֻżޣҲﶫĶ֣
ˣ
ߵȻûɱҸ磬ȫұҸǿ߰æ
ʲô֤ݣ֤ݣѪˣܵǵĳͷ
˵䣬Զ˼ŭ⡣
ǵǷδпܳΪʵӵĴڡ
ˣҸ統ȥ׷뿪ǵפصĳ뿪ǵפ֮ǰҹң˵ż׷١׷ٳĹбɱ£ﶨ벻˸ϵ
׷٣ﶫΪҪ׷ٳ
üͷһƣĮؿһۡ
ԣ첻ԣĬˣ˵ʲôѵ˵籾׷ȥɱ
ɲ˵
˵ˣˣҲǰ
£ȷ֤ݣҪȻΪ𻵵еܵǵϳ͡
˵˵
ˣҲ֤Ҹﶫ׷ĹбɱģҸҷģ
ԷΪ롣
֣
һӣһգУƽϡȥɣûȷ֤֮ǰŵޣ
˵꣬ҲѿɫֱתȥͷҲء

ɫһ˫ð𣺡֪¿϶ɵġ㣬κˣ
ŭһŸ䣬뿪֮ۡ


428 лԨ֮
أ侲Ҳʶ˵һжȷģûȷ֤ݣȷʵųɱĸ硣
Ͼһǵ侳ߣһ侳ߣ֮䣬ûκοɱԡ
˵лԨǵء
Ҳ˵ˣҪǵҳɱﶫֻ֣ϧ¹ȥʲôû
ҾãȻԷˣȻ󻹲񵱳ԭ֮һ֮
ﶫͽԭ湻ùġ

һЩǵӴ߷ӶǵۣҲĶУɫΪ
лԨ
һֱȥлԨ

ҲټǵĵӣлԨһ۾ϳ漴̾˿£ڰɡ
ˡ
һ࣬ҪΪҸ
ţлԨüͷһ壺ôֵϢ
ˣҸ类ɱǰʱһ𣬲ҸҪȥ¡ôҲû뵽һμ棬𣡡
˫΢죬˵
ɱǰʱ
лԨĿһʣ˵Ҫȥʲô
˵˵Ҫȥ׷ٳңɱ
ͷҡλǰûκ˵ࡣ
˼ǡǱɱģ
лԨʣ漴üͷ𣺡Ӧûɱﶫɣ
ﵱȻɱҸ硣
˵һɣǿߣȻҸϹǿ߽ҸɱȻôôɣ
Ҳ˵ûȷ֤ݣлԨüʡ
ҡͷһߺΣˣ˵ڸô죿
лԨƬ̣˵ڣֻһ취Ǿó׿˵
̾˿ôܻϡ
Ϳôʵˡȥ̽̽Ŀڷ磬׿ڳϣҡȻһǵһڰóǰ¶ţҲʵɱﶫ
лԨ
á
Ҳֻ֪취ˡ
ӷʱ򣬳ڸ֮⾳İ˵üʲôˣ
ųһһﶫĵܵܣ
ﶫĵܵܣ
˫ô
һ˵ûκֱӵ֤ݣҪȻھͲһһȺǵ߲һͬǰˡ
ӭﶫйصˡ
ĮؿһֱۣԵ
һʣҸǰ㣬ȴҲûĽΡΪҪ
Һ
Цˣ㲻Ϊﶫйذɣ
һƺ⣺˲˵һǰҸ֮ǰҹң˵ȥ׷㡭ʱˣ㲻̫ɺ𣿡
ﵭ˵ɺϵ¶ȥˣңҲ˵׷ңΪҪ׷ң
ߵȻɱ㣡
ɱң
Цˣһ侳ɱһ侳Ǹӡ룬ҺﶫɱˣҪȻĿܾˡ
㻹װ⣿ǿ߽Ҹɱ
Ȼŭ
Сӣ㻰ءȷʵһģûβ֮ˡҾã̽Ŀڷ磬׳ϣ뿪󣬱Ȼʱ򣬿ܾͲһˡ
ƵĴڳ
ﴫصҲҲ֮ǰһ֪ﶫǰ׷ǣɾ˵ȥҲɱﶫû֤ݣ
ڲڴĻ׳֤ݣһɾûô򵥡ôˡ
Ƽмżֵ⣬ĵ⡣
ƣ
ٴδƣʣ֮ԲൽΪߵǿǸ
֪Ƶ֮׾ٲԼ׵ǿߡ
ҡΪҡӢڵɱʱߣҡѪ⻹ҡ޺ߵϾ
£Ͼ֪֪Ĵڰɡ
Ƶ꣬Ͼǿߵ꣬ԲǵĴڡ
ֻǣѪλϾǵǵµǵǿУʵӦֻһ㣬Щ棬ߵǵǷܲǵϢ
Ȼԣ
ƴصżְȻֻҪʴڣǿǿҸףҲ׾ٵ̽鵽ҵȻ𣬵ȴ侳꣬һԶı䡣
Сӣʲô
ƴʡ
͵ſϷɡ
ﴫ˵
Ϸ
Ŀʶʲô
ôˣ
ۿ첻˵һЦȵ
ͻȻ̧ͷӣһֱͺȵʲôﶫǰҲˣϴο׼뿪ǵפأ׷ҲһѴһλǿߣ£ԹңֻܹԼĺɱģ׷ҲȻ㣡
֮ӿ˫һɣŭ塣
ﵭ˵ﻹǵѵ㻹ɱҲɣЦ
һ֮£һɨȥݼҸ磬ұصŽѵ㡭֣ͱˮռ䣡
Цˣû֣θɣ˵Ҷˮռ䣬ǸûнˮռĴ㡣
ߣ
һֱתȥ
뿪ֱȥлԨлԨۿҪʵΣ
ˣµһ㣬ȷʵǳ붯ǿɱҸ硭ղţǰѾ׿ڳˡ
ߺ޵ղ޲ó˳ѵסˡ
Ͼѵ˳ٹȥȻɣ
ԣ˸ܺõĽڣȰݼֳȥѵֻҪѵĹУó׿ڳɱﶫʵֻҪڰļƻҲͳɹˡ
ˣ
лԨЦˣһ̧֣֮ϯֱ뿪˽塣
Ƭ̹лԨЯǵ֮ۡ
ٴһܡ
ȫȻû֮ǰ뿪ʱʧ䡣

ܿ죬лԨǰӰͬʱǵλһλˣüк£
ˣΪҸﶫ֮¶

Ҳ˵ˣ֤ȷ䣬˵Ʋ⣬Զ֮
˵
ٰ꣬Һ㡣
лԨˣ˵
ţ
λˣͬʱлԨ
лԨ˵ԼĴ㣬Լ֮ǰȥ¡
˵ǰ׿ڳɱﶫ
˿ʡ


429 ʵˡ
ǡ
϶ͷ׿ڳϣԼһǿǵפ֮⣬ȻҸȥǸǿ߽ҸɱλˣҸԩΪ
˫һ˵£Ҳֻһ֮ʣŷлԨļƻһͬǰ֮أǻڰУֻҪó׿ڳɱ磬ǱֱӶ
¶Цݣã
Цݣüͷ΢ѵǳɱﶫ
ģǾǱǵҲݲ
ڣֻϣһжֻƬ֮ʡ
Ȼؽѣ
ӷᡣ
Сӣ˵Ǹû
ƿʵ
ﵭһЦӦÿˡ
ʱĿһˣ
˵ͷѾ׼

ʱֱӱ˺俪ըףɱҸﶫգҾ㲻ɱ㣬ҲҪúýѵ㣡
䣡
ֱӱ˳ȥݺݵˤڷһǡ
ӣ
Ѫüͷһ壬ͺȵʲôˣ
ţ
ȥڵסˣװɵɣ˵ʶ
װɵ֮ǰ㣬ɱҸﶫգұزùΪû֤ݣû취𣿡
ٴγּ֣Ϊÿһ̧֣óײ˷һǣ÷ҡ
Ҹֻ׷㣬Ҫѵѵ㣬ΪҪ˽ɱ
˵˵
ôеûӳϣ

һͱһϢ˫ɼᶨޱȣҲ֪˵ʲôﶫˣҺθɣȻﶫңʵȻɱԶ֡ɱˣҲˣֻϧûϣ
㡭
סˣǰһУôеȫͬ
Сӣ̣ڰ侳˵ϢЩȶˣӦúܿͻˡ
ʱһֱſڽƣ
ĬȻֻܵȴ
֮⣬Ӱһ࣬üͷ𣬿лԨһۣлԨ֮ǰ˵ɱﶫʱڳ
лԨɫЩѿҡҡͷһȥ̽Ҳûиȥ
Ҳ˵Ҳȷ֮ǰ˵һж滰ˣ
һλˣɫʡ
лԨ˵ͷ
֣
һλˣɫһ䣬ηɶݶ䣬ֱӳ˷ᣬµƬ
÷׼º֣شʱХĿֱӽײ˳ȥݺˤڵأ¼Ѫ
ˣһˣͬʱ
ʱ߷Ĵ󶯾Ҳ˲ٳǵӿΧۡ
ʲôˣ
֪Ǹķᡣ
ףλҲˡǸˣ˭
ҼлԨ
лԨʲô
˵лԨǰ󣬾û뿪˵Ҫǵ׷ɱﶫ֡ѵﶫͳйأ
ףǲﶫĵܵ𣿡

ЩΧ۵ĳǵӣ֪ǰʲô£һ˫˫ӣϵתš
¡
̧֣𣬵ָһöҩ
лˡ
лҩ£öҩ͵ﶫˣſ͵µöҩһģһƬ̹ƾͺࡣ
ⵤҩҩЧԶ󻹵
ʱҲҪȥԺӦͦ಻ĵҩ
ﰵ
ˣѣѣ
ʱѾվǱޱȣλˣλˣ֮ǰĳҸﶫ˵Ķ滰
ĻΧ۵ĳǵӶУȻ󲨡
˵ǳﺦﶫ
Ϳ˰ɣʲôЦ˵ֻǵ侳ߣߵֻż֣ҲﶫĶ֡ﶫ侳ߡ
żҳ֣Ҳóﵱɣǡ
ȻҲ̫ϲ£һǿ

һǵӣ׷š
ǵĻȻҲǵλͳлԨĶС
𣿡
Įɨһۣͳ
ˣ֮ǰ˵ˣûɱҸ磬ԤıǿߵİǿǱȻҸȥǸǿ߽ҸɱһУ˵İ
ɫ԰ףЪ˹Ҫˣ
ؼʱΪξͲϺﶫ
һУȫƿأеȫͬ
Խ˵Խˣ
ǣǿǱ⣬ﶫǰ׳ôϵ
Ҳ桭ûҲͦ׳յģŴ
⻰

Χ۵ĳǵǵۣɫѿЩǵ˵Ķģ
ˣ
һǵ̲ס˼ɵؿһ۵ʱ˿ˣޱȡ
ˣ
̱ڵأ¶ֲʣ˵ĶİΪʲôǶšˣҪңҰ
лԨץסľݡ
лԨ̾˿֪ˡ

ʱλĿ¶Ͱؿٽλˣ˵֮£ҪǸĹɽۣ˲˵Ű򣡡
һλתͷĿĮѾ˾ղŶʩɶ֣һǻִǵأǵ
ǵ
ͷǵֱӴصĴ
Χĳǵӣ̲סһû뵽ֻǽѵ˳һ٣Լ˳ܵôµĳͷ
ô֪λԳﶼĴΡ
˾֮£ȻҪΪֻһ

ɵˣҪǵˣһġ
лλˡ
Ѿ࣬ǰǰӣͬʱ̧
ʱϣ֮֡
Ǹһ֣Ҽɽ㴦
ĮٴδĶУ׻ڵأͬʱϵ֮Ҳ𽥵ûжκζ
֪˴ӲЦ
ž
ʱ䣬һƣͬʱĿͺȵȻҲ֪ΪҪңȻҪǵҲͲ׷һƣ˽ǵĶԹ
һ˵ôȻ
Χǵǵӣһ̲ס̾ʵˣǰôûء
ǰأȴֻǸһơ
ˣֱǵʵ˵Ŀģ


430 
һѾ¡
ǵǵĺεۣ巢Ӳ³һѪǱģų㲻ú
ﵭһЦһƽϵӡ
ͬʱ⴫һ仰뿪ǵǰҸ㽻ף˵ʵֻﶫɱģǽԭҲɱģ
˵꣬վɫǺתȥ
ˣˣ
ͻȻǴ˼Ѫһ㣬λˣղŴңղŴҡ˵˵ҸﶫɱģУ˵ԭҲɱģ˵ˣղŴ˵ˡ
һɲǣڳʶ
ε̯˫֣ҡҡͷ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ٴλصϣЩĿ֮У˲мͱġ
νˣ뿪
һλڣ̤նͬʱֱӽץȥ
Դ֮󣬲ǵӣ
Ҳˡ
һλԳһЦ
͸ˣ
æ
һʱ䣬ڳĳ˳һڳǵ֮⣬ֻʣлԨһˡ
лԨʵﶫĲɱģ
ЦлԨ㲻ҲڻҰɣ
лԨؿ˳һۣûٶ˵ʲôֱӷɶȥ
Сӣǵķô죿
ʱԾ˳ߣü˿ɢӵķᣬѾܼסˡ
תͷҲ¶ЦղҸˡˡˣԼְɣֻһ򵥵ķᡣ
Ұ㣡
ʱǵӵȺУһ̤ޱȡ
īң
ˣЩȣǺһǵߵӣӡīҡ
ء
ʱֿȨҲ󣬿ġ̺诵ġ־Ҳһһ߳
ߵټӴʱߵɫĵӣѪǣʱٴһá
˵İ£ķܿ
л
˵лϿޱȡ
ʹֻ߽һˣͲ̺кܴĻᣬúŬɡ
Ц
־īҲͷͬĻ
Ҳǣҿϣܸһɶϻӣǰʢһߡ
Ҳ
ǵϢܿҲǵǵһЦϡ
ľҲΪǵһʱ۵Ľ㡣
ͬʱǵҲٴʶ˳֪һʵˡǰΪҲֻǸһƣҪôؽ
ȻҲ˲ôΪ
ǵפأһƬãĸ߿֮ϣһȺ˻һ
бǵһ۾ϳһȺӪ֮ˣǵӡǵڣټǵĵӶˡ
Ȼһ⡣
ǾǽһǰǵġѪǡ
ε£˵˰ɣ
Ϊ֮ˣӪǵӡ̷·˿̷̣·ɫЩѿ
Ӫĵӣɵͷ
ǵȥҹ
̷·˵˵ﶫǳɱģԭҲǳɱġ
̷ʦ֣鲻ŪЩ£ݳġ
һǵüͷ΢˵
֪ͳԩ޳û桭ǲЩ𣿡
̷·ʵ
ЩΣֻǣ̷ʦ֣¾û֤ݣҲΡڣȥˣʲô
һǵʡ
Ҳû˵ҪʲôԺǶĿһ㣬ܲͻòҪͻܾãúܣò
̷·˵
ԣΪȻ
ʵһº˵ӿʸ񣬱ȻϯλҪ뿪ǵûʲôìܡ
̷·ֵ
Ӫ˶ҳ鷳һ£ӵҲüΪƽ
һº
ǳ⣬ӿնǵפطȥ
һΣǵǳǣҪǹһЩƲϣƵĻ˵ʢһߣЩϱ߹˲ֹʮǰ򴢴ıҪ
ţ
ֻǣڿ쵽ǵפʱͷ֣ںƵȥ·ϣһӰվͦǹ
һԼĪʮңͬӣüĿһŽӡ
ҵܾˡ
ӿˣĿų
ڸ˵
һ㶣ӣûȴܴϸоһֵϢ
Сӣ˲򵥣Ȼֻǵ侳ءҵĸоܲѰ
ʱƵĴҲڳĶ
ݣ
˭֪ȴûٻӦģɽָ֮棬µں⾳֮棬γһŽ
Ҳû뵽ӻֱӶ֣Ϸħͬʱ֣ɾŲ㣬չֳǿķ
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ֶ䣬ħͷϡ
ʱϵĳۣķѣֻʣֳһ㵭Ĵ
ǺˣΪιң
üͷһ壬˵ʵڵѪսһս
ں⾳ҲǾں⾳
֮ǰ
˭֪ʱϵղŹĲֻһһ㡣
ţ
û뵽ͻȻԼӣһ۾Ϳ͸Լĵϸ侳ǱҲˡ
ʲôˣ
ɻ
㵽ʲôˣ
ʡ
ӵһЦǻټġ
˵꣬תƮȻȥȥķǰķһǵפڵķ
Ҳǵӣ
Щȣû뵽ǵУһĵ侳صӡ
⾳֮صĴڣ
СӣܾøղǸһЩŹ֡
ȥ·ϣƴԳ˵
﷭˷ۣҲŹ֣Ϣסȥ·˵˵Ͷҳ֡ǵôҲһˣȻû˵
ȥſ͵಻ˡ
һÿԵı顣
ԣҲˡ
ҡͷһЦصǵפغֱͨӦ飬ѵˡ
ΣǶһ˹ģʦܣʲô𣿡
ʦ֣㣬ǵУǻһ侳صĴڣʵţýģں⾳е⾳֮˾أ
ʵࡣ
ԣüǵлδš
µֵﾪˣʦ㶼֪ѵǵӣ԰ҿǵġ
ҡͷһȽϵ͵˰ɣǵˣҲ˶ʶҲǱĵӡ


431 
ͷҲֻˡ
Ϊʹ߽٣¶İɡǵʮµǿ߿ܵõ˵ӿʸġ
໺˵Ҳ˵ɱ£Ҫһϸ¡
һϸ£
ҡͷǸصˣֻһ֣ڷԵ½󣬾ˡ
Է̽
²͸Է˼
ʦ֣ʹ߽ˣ
Щȡ
ҡͷʵҲҾ˵λлּͣʹ߽١
һ
ʹߣһʵӡ
Щʵӣһֶ֮ͨ
ʦ֣ǰʹѾٹһΡӦ֪˵ӿʸѡΣνеİɣ
ʣ˵ӿʸѡΣܸȤ
ҡͷһЦʦܣѵ㲻֪ÿ꽵ǵʹߣͬͬһ¡
ţ
һͬһ£
ֵǰҲҽǵһꡭһǵãһʹߣʮµӽжսѡγˡ
˵ͷѡηȻձ飬ߺһ֣ɻʣʦ֣ǰӦòʮɣɲ˵ӿʸѡΣ
ˡ
ǻʲôһһǵãʱҽǰʮֻһսȡ˵ӿʸ񣬿ϧ
ף¿϶˵źҲûٶۡ
ѡΣֻҪ׼ˡ
ʮպ

ӵķᣬӭһˣǵĸλһλǵ˵λС١
ˡ
΢΢һЦ
Цϲ
һ֪⻰ʲô˼ˣĻҲףϲ֮У
Ц˵ӿʸʮϯ֮λռһ⻹ϲ𣿡
סˣ⡭˵˼ǣҵõ˵ӿʸ񣿡
ٵͷȷ
ֻǣʵЩ˼飬˵Ҫѡε
ǿ˼ٵһЦÿʹߣԼѡ˵ı׼롭ʹѡĵˣˣǲʮ꣬㲽侳Ļǵӡ
ͷʹҡ޺ۿ˵侳һء
Щһǰϻˡ
ţ˵ʵȻͻƵ侳ء
Ȼ֪ԼΪαѡϣﻹΪϲõġ
ڣʮϯλʱˡ߸ϯλʹ߻Լķȥѡˡţһµʱ׼һº󣬱ѡϵʮˣսǰʢһߣ
ٻ˵
һ£
üͷһû뵽һʱ䣬뵽ʲô٣ʣˣһʱԶţ֪Ƿһλ䳤ͬУҵҵٶһ²һء
ٰü΢ʣҪȥˡѣ
ҡ޺ùת£ǵһ
ǡҲû
ٵͷǾһ£Ҳ£һΣ
ﲻɸеϲλǰڣȻٺòˣæллˣ
뿪ﲢûдƵĴ㡣
֪Ҫ뿪һ£ֻӦһͻط˯ȥˡ
͹һ뿪ǵ
ﵱһ˹ʱҪչٶȱڵ侳أ͹뿪Լٶ϶ɹԺ嫵֮Яߡ
ǵڵĳڣҪ;ҡǡ
µ·̣Թٵٶȣչ͵ˡ
ҡǺ˼ϷУ··һƬɽ֮С
ңңŽɽཨȺ˵Ӧþǳˡ
˵ͷһ·ϵ·Ӧþǳˡ
ˣһȥ𣿡
ʡ
ҡҡͷһԶ۵һվɽ壺ʲôʱ£ɽɽѰҾǡʱ䣬һ
ͷ
뿪󣬳ֱӽ˳פأҲǽµ潨Ⱥ
ս£˵Ϳգͱס
ͳһεˣﱻסҲȣϾǳפأѲߵĵҲ֡
ʲôˣ
УһԼĪʮҵΪףԻ࣬Ȼǰܹˣ˳һۣüʡ
λǳڣ
ﻹǴȷһ¡
Ǻˣǳʲô
Ϊ׵ĳڵٴοѯʡ
΢Цλ磬ڣΪѰҵ
󣿡
ĻΪ׵ĳڵɫ˼֣ʵ󶼽ʲô֣ϲʶʶֱӴȥǡ
лл硣
л֮󣬲Ż˵λ󣬷ֱǳ硢ɺ˾硭ţ磬ôˣ
﷢֣Լ˵ֵʱǰĳڵɫ΢΢һ˵ʱԸоڵ͸¶Ȼŭ⡣
ѵ
Ҳôùɣһ˸ǵĳˣ
ԲµԼӦнˣͷ
ֻΪ׵ĳڵӣڵӣɫҲѿ
Ҵˣǳûˡ
Ϊ׵ĳڵӿˣ֮ǰĿҲȻ޴档
Ҵˣ
ЦЦڵӣλ磬ҿıҲǲʶǣȴ֪Ϊ˵Ҵأѵг𡭡ֵֻ³Թ
ڵӱ˰̣ȻŭСӣ˵ҴˣҴˡ
ڵӣ񳹵߳ŭ
硢ɺ˾磬᲻ʶˣ֮ǡ
ڰǰͳ˳ͻȻƾ˶࣬Ǳ˸ɷˣֻˣһƣ˵Ҫսϡޡ
Ȼң֪֪֮ԼǳĶ֡
ΪľܾڳٲȻΪһЦ
ۿҳˣȻԸ
ߣ
ۿڵӷһô߳ŭˣұֻΪѰˣͻҪҲͱˣˣһԼȥңͲͷˣ
ﻰһ䣬һ׼Լȥҳˡ
վס
˭֪ڳ׼ʱڵӺõһ㣬ȫ˳ǰóڡ
ţʲô˼
ɫһ
СӣǳڣǳڵѲӵӣûǵ㲻ýڣ
Ϊ׵ĳڵӣЦ
ʱԸˣҲ˳ϡ


432 ¶
ûþͽڣ
ЦˣʣôǳǳڵĳϣЦǼҿƵġ
ȡֵˣȻȥ
ڵӣȻŭСӣǻ͸ˣڳһĶֵأڻǼҿġҪˣŶûУ
ѹֳڴжֻ꣬ţԭΪЩȺ֮
ЦۿɫǺ죺ô˵ˣ
Сӣ
Ϊ׵ĳڵӣҲ̲סϵĵ֮Х⾳֮
ڵӣҲͬʱ֡
붯֣
Цˣ͵˳֣ħһŲħһûж⾳ֻ֮γһӡХ䣬˲ͽڵӻɳȥ
ǵĵ֮⾳֮Ҳֱӱݻ١
ۣۣۣ
ڵӣͬʱ³ѪֵؿųʶƱǻҪС˵Ŀ¡
˭ǾȻѡҲͶʮ塢ͣʵǲ˵侳߽ף
侳߽ףҲǵ侳ϣ
ڣҲڵеΪ֮ˣһ֪Լߵˡ
ڣԴȥ˰ɣ
ˣħӶ˵Χ
ɫ䣬ܵɢŭ⣬æͷԣԡ
ڵ֮󣬸䣬˳ڡ
ݣ
ء
ڳ˽ʱĿһͻȻһ£̻̻ϸ߿գըѿ
ţ
üͺȵʲô
ʱ﷢֣һϢ˷۶ЩϢ֮У侳侳εĴڣ侳εĴڣҲ
ʱĻ֪ʲô

ɫһħ𣬺ڵϣˣݺݵغ˳ȥ
ʲôˣôǳڣҳڵӣ
ʱʮ侳ȸΧסţ侳Ҳˣ㽫Χ档
ڣû°ɣ
ʱһߣ𣬹ʵ
ӣǳڵ侳ӡ
磬Ϊұ𡣡
ȾѪһ仰ͻ˹ȥ

ʱϣ֮ĿĮضų·ʱпܶ֡
Σ嶯
ʱһ侳ӿˣҲһӣ˵
ôųۣʶ
ɫһŭ侳ӡ
ųҡҡͷ˵ҲʶֻǾΣǻǽ˵˵˵ô£
ڵ侳Ӷųۿŵڵˡ
ڵӣһ࣬ߵųʦ֣һǳפأº󣬾Ͷǳ֣ˡʦüƽ˭֪ڷųѶֱ̻ˣ
ųʦ֣ҪΪǣΪʦ
ڵӵĿߣǸһĨЦǵߵڰ׵ı£˵ã
ųۣ龭Ҳ֪ˣңҲ
һɨųۣں߿Ц˺һͬʱi˳ǰĿ罣ųǳ£
ڵˣô𣿡
˿Σɨһۣߵ
˵ʲô
βȻŭʵ
ѵ˵ʲôʲô϶˵Ķ滰ôʡ
ͣ
ŭЦЦһôѵ㻹һ˵ĻͬʦܵĻ
ߡǵӣ
ʱһͻأɷ羰
ȴһһֱûڵĳ侳ӣ۲̲ס
ʱ򣬾ͷֳһЩ죬ʲôط˰죬ˣɲǵӵķΣ
ǵӣ
ΧĳڵӣղŻݳĵڣͫ׶̲סһ
ǵӣǶԣǾҪӵĴڣ
ǳڣʢ򲻹ǶţһŵĵӣǻͦˣԳһţǵߵĵӣǾ̲סвѻˡ
ǵӣȫ֮ĴڣǵӣǵֻоηǾη
ǵӣ
ҲסˣĿ˸Ҳ֪Щʲôϵ֮һ̣ȴˡ
Էǵӣҳ֣ʤԷ˶ԷҲȻᱻڴֻˣڼֱܻӴǵһ
ţ
ЩȵؿһϳԼĳڵӣΪԼ¶ǰӦû˻֪ݡ
Ȼһǵӵķβ£
ǵʢУûǳǵˣһϳǵӵķΡ
ϳ£ûɡǵӣ
һڵӺݺݵ˿ĭȷʵ
еġϳ¡Ǹϳ˳ݵӣҡҡͷһأҲܻϴʱҸȥǳǣʱã˼ǵӽǡǼǵϴģϴһģһ
ǳǣ
Χĳڵӣ
ϳȥǳǣ˵һУȻм١
˭֪ǳǵƿصĳУгǵߣǳǼǵӣʲôֵ¡
ųЩȵؿǵӣ
̧֣ͳ˵ٰ
ƣ
ǵӷΣڳĳڵϲǵӵƣǾûҲ˵֪ǵַΪ߸Ρ
Уǵǿǵ
óǳǵӵƣƣ
ӵгƵǵӣһǵ侳۷ĴڣȻΪߣǳҲټǳɾ͵ĵӶˣ
վǰˣҲͶʮ塢͡
˵ǵӣһ츳Ĵڣһ鴫ֵᣬһΪ̤侳ۣ֮ʵҺա
ųۿų̾˿Щʧ䡣
ʧģֺֹ
Χĳڵӣر侳ӣһȻгΪʱҲʮˡ
ֵܣ֮¾ô£
ųʡ
˵ǵ޹ʵǳˣǲŵģΧĳڵҲš
ҪǶˣӦòſڴƻˣ𣿡
Ŀ⣬˵ĳڵϣʵ
ڵӣͱŵɫ԰ףֻǵˣȻǵӣ
ڣﻹ֮ǰһԷͷ£λǵ޹أΪǣǵĴ
ô£
ųüʡ


433 ˵
ǹϡ
ڵӣһЦȥһһ˵˳
ܿ죬Χĳڵӣ֪˳Ŀġ
ԭֵҳʦǵġֵ֪ǣ
ųۿʡ
ڳڵĵλЩ⣬ֻǣЩ֣˾Ȼʶλǵӡ
ҵ׸硣
￴˶ųһۣûֱ˵
֮Ҫ뿪ʢ򣬽ռȻˣҲԼݰڳһպڳڣĸɡ˾ˣҲ鷳
ȻĻڳ֮ˣ׷ͫһ
λǵӣǳ׵ܵܣ
ΣȥѾܵڴ˽ģƭλǵֵȣô˵
ųۿΣʵ
ߣһͷҲأŵֱ뿪
ɢ˰ɡ
ųۿΧĳڵһֱۣ˵˵ֿ꣬΢Цֵܣ֪ģҴȥΣ
ǾͶлˡ
΢Ц
Χĳڵӣ뿪ʱ⼵ʵؿ˶ųһۡ
ųۣˣ
һЩ侳ڵӣǰûڲѣʶһλǵӣǶԣ⣬ɶһ¡
ڣᱻųˡ
ڶų۱ٴն𣬳ﲻɸпû뵽ǵӵôãЩڵӵǵӣֱʥµĴڡ
ǣ
ų۴һվİɽңңԶһ˵
Ŀ΢ԶԶȥܷͬѰ
ֵܣֱӹȥɣҾȸˡ
ų۶Գ΢΢һЦ
лŴ硣
ٴεл
ųȥ󣬳ڣʶͬʱȥֻǣʶճȥûãͷʶײ޻ϣʯ󺣣ʧ
ô£ѵƴڣ
ﰵ
磡
ﲻɳк˭֪߽ڣͷһӰֻܳüõһߡ
ͷȥӰˣһͷͷһ˫ǵӴųϵصͷ츳СӺöˡϧѾǵˡ
ǰǡ
ϲ¶η֮ɫΪоĳǰλ˷ǱѰѰ侳һλǿߡ
֪ʢеǿߣһһ㲻ˡ
硢˾Ҳõһ컯
ﰵų˵˶Ҳ˵˾Ǹλġ
Сһûòһû˭㵹ˡ
ͷųתһ˫ӡ
ǰҽгǳĵܵܣġ
˵
ǷСӵĵܵܣֵ𣿡
ͷųóЦãǣֵܡ
ͷ˵ͷĿʼղңţ࣬ȷʵмơֻǣ츳Ҳ̫˰ɣˣȥг
Сӣܵˣ
ͷͷƽȴֱӴ˶֮С
һ̣֮ھͽӶܳӰ
硣
ǰȥ˵һһܱһЦﱧס֮ˣҲݺݵػһСӣˡ
ܡɻӣоһ㶼û䡣
硣ҲһܱӶЦ
㲻˰ɣ
˾Уżִ⡣
ôһɿɺֺݺݵظ˾籧һѾܾûôˣ뵽һ뿪龰ֱ
磬磬˾λǰǵʦ𣿡
￴Цеվһߵͷʳˡ
ԣ϶¶ЦͷĿ£˵ͷ
ǰлл⼸ǵչˡ
æͷл
ͷ˰֣һνӣûʲôһȻż͵˵Ҳǿ֮šţǺúģͷʦֶȥֱƺȡ
˵꣬ͷӰʼ𽥵ʧ
﷢֣ͷ˵ղǷʱ򣬳˵ɫЩȻ
硭ǣ
һ棬ѵǸͷʲô񱲻ɣ
Сӣлú˵֪ţͷˡ
ʱͷ·ǧ֮Ʈ촫ó嶼һʲôһ㡣
æ˻⣬ͷ
Сô뿪ǵģУɶأ
ڰɽͱϣʵڳЩܺ棬֪һ·ιģȻܵǵȥˡ
ǵšɶ
Ȼȥ˼꣬ٴ뵽ɶﻹһȻ
ɶôˣ
ɫ΢䣬ʶ˲ס
ɶΪҡ
ޱȣѹıʹһһ佫˵꣺ҵĴ㹻ʵɶҲѡ񡭡ҵĴ
˵ɫҲѿλʤѩŮӣΪİˣԸԼȼǡ
С
˿Ҫο
ֹ̧֣ǣǷİɣû£ɶλԣһҵۣΪɶ塭ɶΪǵĲȱʶңҲһֱߣһʶչһӣ
˵ޱȼᶨ
ôֹۣҲ˿
ֻǣۡ
ȻЩƮ죬˻Ĭûᣬġ
ô˵ǣܾɶλ
˾ʲô˫͸¶־֣ڼǰٻضڣڵƬ򣬳һޱߵľ޿ӵһĻ
ܽ𡭡ɶλܾһλʣ
һ
ʣ
ҲֻʣȾ˵ʵ
Сأ
ʳ
΢Цһ·ȥǣʱţҶҲǡȻһӣĴ񶼺飬峤ǳĴȰ
˵˵ţϵЦ·ֿ˴һ߾ʬ塣

ȻҲ˾ƽȴһֱĬΪ֪˾ƽʸûУǿΪ磬Ψʵʸȥ˾ƽΪ޹񱨳
īҡ
ԭΪԵʣīûʲôøУϴķᱻݻ٣īҴͷվҪʶУҲ˭ôѪ顣
ȻҴӴ峤֪ǵ֪˵ӿʸѡΣȥͼҡΪҡеһԱ
˵Լľó˶һһ㶵ġ
˾ԳһЦľǷḻˣǣԴӵǸͷյڣһֱڳ


434 Ԫ
ͳ֮䣬໥˵Լľ
겻ⶼЩп
Сô˵ǣеģ
ʡ
֪й˵ӿʸº󣬳˶
ǡͷ
ȳﵽʢһȥΪʵӣǺ֮ĲԽԽˡ
˾̾
ܿ죬ġ
ｫڵһ˵ЦǵӦúгɣȻֱӸ˵ûˡ
ڣ
漴̲סЦˡ
Ŵ˿У֪Ǻ͵ڳڼǰŸսѵڣԭˣǾѹˡ
ڳڴ˼պ뵽ǵٻڵҲͳ˵ˡ
ʢһߣȻӲпᣬúñء
ɫأͱ
Ŀһصص˵ͷ
ǵٵʱ򣬲סˣΪɽ֮Уֻǹڣ˵ʦǸͷҲڣͷø˵ʲô롣
뿪ǰؿ˳һۡ
ˣλǰʶ
￴٣ʵ
ٵ˵ͷţʶ
ϸֵЦݣԺ͹ͷһѣӺ棬ѵͷλʲôеĹϵ
ֻͷǵҲϵ
ڹٵЯ£ٴλصǵǰʢһߣʮʱ䡣
ʮʣµˮ˹׵㣬Ź׿ǧ׵㣬ĿһһûȥԺȥ
ƻں˯Ҳûпȥһ˵˵Ժ
˵ԺǵԼĵ֮⣬һ·ϻԿһЩ̯λЩ̯λǵԼڳģЩǵӣҲʦ
ʦܣҪʲôҩĵҩ׼ıˡ
һ̯λĻǵӣк
Цﶼʲôҩȴ󻹵Ʒʻߵ˵ҩ𣿡
ĻǵһͣҡҡͷҪ͵ȥˣڻʵơ
ͷлʦѡ
ʦܣ
ڳ׼Ҹȥҩʱ󣬴һİ
ͷˣʶɶԷݣȴǸоЩϤʲôط
ͷһǵƣһλǵӡ
ʦ֣ǣ
һɻ󣺡ǲʲôط
Ǽһ档
ǵЦϴѪս壬ɱ󡭡ţҲҡӪˣʱҾվڷʦֱ󡣡
ԣȻ򣺡ˣѹҾʦ졣
㡭ǳ
ʱ֮ǰסҪҩĻǵӣһȡ
ôҳʦܶʶϴѪսһսôʣѵûȥɣ
ǵӿǵӣʵ
ǵһЦʱڱչأˡ
˵ţֿһǸղŲ֪ǳʦܣеˡ
ҡͷʦ̫ˡ
ʦܸһͣ츳ǿ˵ʮպʹߴȡ˵ӿʸʮλӺɶϻӣǰʢһߣѾءպʦܵĳɾͱȻӡ
ǵӷе
ҵʦ㶼֪
ﾪȡ
ԱߵǵЦʦܣѵ㻹֪ǰ죬˾ʮ˵ӿʸ֮ˣһǵѪǡ̺ѡˡ
Ŀһ֪ǵӿеĸˣȻǹһ
ʦ㹺ҩҲҪȥʲôģҡ
ǵԳ
ǾͶлʦˡ
ǵһԺȥ·;УҲ֪ǵӵ֣
ʮǰҡټǵĵӣѾʮꡣ
ʦܣʲôҩ
ʡ
ЦʵҾ׼һЩҩпûڵ侳õġƵĵҩ
Զʱһ侳ߵ֮ͨ
һһĸá
תûиá

ĻЦˣʦܣ侳֮£൤ҩʵɵ侳֮ϣҪõҩʵǡԪ
Ԫһ
ͷţǱԪ
ⱬԪʲôôʡ
ЦԪ侳ߺ侳߿ɷãڶʱõ֮֮һһ֮ڵõһ
Ҳ˵似ȫ֮±Ԫ󣬾Ļһ
˫ͫһÿµĵҩ
˵۳ŲħٷñԪŲħͬʮ˲ħ
һʱ䣬ĺʣʦ֣ԺпбԪۣ
˵ͷУ١ңⱬԪǵУΨеһ˲Ƴ
Ƶģ
ЩȣǵҲһˣλײβĵˣȴһֱûмֻλ
ʱ룬λǵĵˣǵǲǸڼһ˦ƹ
ʦ֣һöԪҪٹ׵㣿
ʡ
˫һ̯ơ
׵㣿ͫһЩȵ
ǡҡͷ
ʮ򣿡˿ʮǿԽܡ
ǧ򣡡

ʱȻǧ򣿣
һʺƣҲֻǧ׵㣬
ǲǾúܿţʡ
ͷ
Цʵһ㶼šԪݹʢʢ֮򣬳ǲ֪Ŀܴڵǿ֮⣬Ҳֻǵơ
ԭˡ
ȻǿˣϾϡΪǵ˵¢Ԫ
ʢһȥԪļֵǷ½
ʡ
ͷ
ڣʡȥʱ䣬ֱȥƿһʮöҲ໨ϵĴ빱׵㣬û뵽֮ǰٺſõĵҩֵ˲ơ
ţָ£ֹһЩЩ඼֮ģԺã׵һѣðײá
ǧ׵㣬ͱõֻʣ
ʦ֣лˡ
뿪Ժʱл뿪
ųԶȥıӰĿ⸴ӣβ̾˿ϣʢһߣ˳ΪʵӡҡĵӣƺûһܳΪʵӣȻǰʢһߵҲ١
뿪Ժȥ˳ǵ֮أҵˡ
üó׿ｫʣµ׵ָǣϾһҡˣڼˣҲĽǵѡ


435 ԭ
̫ˣҪԼ㣿
ͨתȥĹ׵㣬̲סۣ
ͨҲܳΪʵӣҪǵѹ׵𣿡Ц
ԣҲˣǳʵӣǵ׵Ҳûˡ
ĻͨһЦղҲǿȴû뵽һ㡣
˶̲סЦ
ʮպ
Сƹ뿪˷ᣬոٵķԸǵۣ֮ʱ򣬷Ѿˣһˡ
̺
Բ̺к
̺Ҳ΢΢һЦ

̺һͬʱ˹΢ȵؿ˳һۣȻ֮ǰ˵ǵӣûȥսﵱѪսһս
ҪȻһ۾ϳ
ﵽһӰϡϡ̤ն
ѪҲǵۣ֮ʮҲˣĿ⣬̲סվһϣݳ²⣬ӦþǴǱ侳ߡ
ʮ꣬Ͳ侳һصĴڡ
һȥΪȻΪ
ڳ￴˵ʱҲڿ۵λԳ΢΢ͷһЦһˣǲмɨ˳һֹͶЯư
ҲΪ⣬ʵ
ܿ죬üͷ
Ǹأ
ԺУֳһӰһŽˣʵ൱ȴᡣ
ճĲ²⣬ԶԷģӦòʮŶԡ
Ϊûг֣

ʱʮ˵ĲԶӰͬʱ֣óջ˼
УվŵˣϵãǸٺһλڵһˣһӡ
һۣԵûݼ㣬ü͸¶λߵϢ
ʹ߻ǵĵ
ɻ
ʱ˳ѪǺͲ̺֮⣬˶Ƿ񣺡ˣλˣ
ˣ
üͷ΢û뵽Լ֮ǰܼǵһ档
ǴǰʢһߣϣܾΪǵȡҫȡΪ˵ӡѡǵĴţԶΪǳ
ǵųʮˣ˵
лˡ
һæл
ˣҵĻЩڣǱʹȥɡ
ǵ˵ţ͵̧ͷޱ߲񷡣
һҲͬʱ̧ͷһۣͿ֮ϣɢһֻεĴֽ˺ͬʱһӴʡ
һ𼦵״ľó˳ǵλľˣڣ̲סͫһ
ʺ
ǰ΢Ҳûôȡ
ϾǰڵǰзɻɴһĶʺڷɻ
ﲻö
ʱǵߵ
ǰݶҲ硭һǵãҵһμʺʱҲ˰Ρ
ΪȻͷͬĻ
һͬȵؿ˳һۡ
̺ѪǵȾˣߵӴûܻعǵ֪ˣûֶⶫǱһμ
ʱӴһ࣬شű򿪣һӰ粽߳
һˣ࿡ݡ
ǵбѡеʮˣüͷ΢΢һ壺ʮУҲǸﶨˣߣ
һ̣˸䡣

˸ճʱѾЩ죬̤ն䣬˵ף̲סˡ
Žˣɲǵפ֮Ǹ侳ߣ
ѵ
ʹߣ
صĴڣ
ﵹһҲʶ֮Կôᣬ϶Ϊ;ͻƵ侳
ͻƵ侳󣬳˿Էϻͯഺ
ȻҪȻ˥ϣҲǲԣȫƾ֮ɡ
Сӣ
ʱƵĴĶС
ƵĴСУЩڲŷ֣
ȻȻҸղڿʺءô㿴ʺѵͲȻһ֮ãʺһǵһμء
ҡҡͷ˵ʲô
ѵ˵һɻɴ
ʹߡ
ǵλۿ̤ն䣬΢΢һЦк
λǾ͸ˡ
˶˵˵ͷϼһ˿ЦݣתϵЦݵȻ޴棬Įؿˣǣ
Сƹһն
ʺӶȥ
ʹߴˣԴһʺ𣿡
ͻȻһԴ̵˵ĶУһۿȥȴ֮ǰǸĹ°侳ӿһۣ˵
һʱ䣬ڳ˵Ŀ⣬˳ߵϡ
һɨǸ侳ӣʹ߶û˵ʲô죬Ϊ֮
գһ
ʹԣɨǸ侳һֿۣ
ʹߴˣҵĻ顣˵
ʱ󲿷˶Χʹߺܿܲóߣ˾ȵǣʹ߶ԳͷһЦϰɣʱˣδ޿ɿ
˵ʹ߻ɨ˲Զ侳һۣúɫһŭԡ
ʹתͷȥ侳һɨֱӴܺãҼˣ
⻹Ҳǹ
ȻƣҲ磬صڷ㣡
侳ӵɫΪˡ
ʱʹ͸򿪵ĺ߽ʺʮҲ̤տ˽ȥֻһޱȣλ
ʮ˽ȥ󣬸˵ط¡
̺˳ߣʣ֮ǰйͻ𣿡
ҡͷǰû
̺ͷҪСĵ㣬֪г侳еһˡ
ġ
ͷһЦƺûôϣò̺һ
ѵ侳߶ˣ
λʹƺͦչġ
ʮ˽ʹ߹ʺ֮ţ˳ʮˣ˵ɽʡ״ӣףһ·ɶϻӣǰһߣϣǿϣ˭£ӰʺУɱ
һɱ֣·ſµĽ֮壬˵ĶУһ̲סɫ䡣
λʹߣÿµΪ
ʡ
ס׵ĻǴǰɽ˵ӵĿˣǳɹҲζſԳΪʵӣΪ׵ʦܡ
ಡ
ͻȻʺһ˲䶯ˣɳ۶
ɲǼ䣬һ͸ʺߵ͸ԿľɫӰϸȥκζ


436 ۽
ÿ죡
һ˰ؼشʺ棬രľɫһӹ϶¶˼־ݡ
֪˶ãоûãľɫһߣɫ
ϻӵˡ
ߣص
ϻӣ
ǵһεϻӣ֮ǰﲻֹһ˵ϻӣ͸ͼʺ·Ķϻӣʺٶʵ̫죬ľ
ʹߴˣǶϻ𣿡
ʱһǵס
׵ͷǡ
һʱ䣬ʺڵǵӣŬ濴ֻǣһ⣬Ǹľ񣺡һ㶼
ǰ˵ϻο£û뵽·ȴҲԵϸ쿴
ʺٶȣ̫ˣ

һǵӣЩʧ䡣
˭֪ʱʺٶͻȻһ˿ףֻף˶ѾµȣҪȻٶǿϻӣ
Ƕϻӣоīˮ۶ɵĺ
ˮȫͬ

ǵӣ̲ס̾Ȼ
Ŀ⣬ҲڶϻУϡԿĶϻϣκӰΨǶϻڲϵعˮӾĶħ
ಡ
һ˿ˣײٿʺ٣ɳ۶ȥ
ʹߴˣϻһߣжأ
һǵӿףʡ
ɨһۣ˵û˵Ҳϰٸ
ϰʣ
ڣеǵӵģ̲ס鴤һ¡
׺ܺ˵󣬽أһҲһûһйضϻһߵ£˵ӿױտڲᣬĶ֪޲ԣóջĶࡣ
ʺǰţʱţһʵˣԭȶڱĿ
ڣһʮ˶ؼúܡ
ţ
ͻȻʺһ˶ѣۣɻؿһֿۣףʹߴˣôˣ
Ҳףǿ׵ɫ£̲סɫ䣡
ǵԤС
Ǻúʺţһ۷κ£Ƕ뿪𣿡
Ŀɨһˣ
ǣ
æӦɿ죬֪ʲô£ףȻˣ¿·ǱѰ
͡
ʺٶȣ𽥵ػͣڶϻ֮͵Ͽա
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ʱϡԿԶһС͵ʺԶӶܿ͵ڵʺ಻ԶЩСʺͣº󣬸Դź֮š
ʺ
ɫһ䣺ʲôˣ
Сӣû´ЩӦǶϻеġӶߡ
ƵĴĶУóüͷ΢壺Ӷߣ
רӶϻ֮˵Ĵڡ
ֵϻΣգֻǶϻеĶϻˮԻǿߣµĻЩӶߡ꣬ҵͬ飬Ӷ
˵Щʧ䡣
һ
ôʺ
ǵӣƬ̺Ҳŵˡ
ʱ˶ԿЩʺ棬߳˼ˣʮˣЩУΪװߣһ֪Ѱߣ
ǿߣ
ס˵Ļ
ʱ˵һ仰ʺ֮ţ˳ȥʺȥ¹
һɲǼ͵һȺӶߵǰЩӶ߶š
ʺָǿһ
Ϊ׵еһˣĮؿף˵
ߣ
ʮӶߣ治ɫһ̧֣ĹŽϢУĽϣһɫĻȼնЩ棬ȼյúйɣٲȻγһƬƬƬĶ
ʲô棿
ʺУȴҲؿнȼնɫ棬Щ棬Ź֣ͬһ档
ǵӣס˺֪λʹǷܽЩ߲֮ˡ
װνɲǣۿܵɫȼգߵɫܿ죬뵽ʲô׷ɫ䡣
㡭۽ף
ǸߣЩɵʵ䲻̫ȷϡ
ݡ
Ӧߵģֻһ
һڳ֮ˣûһôֵģڣû˿
һѷ죬ӶѷıأȼɫĻ棬Щ׽ϵۻһģһ
ѷ֣Ϊ׵ߣնϣ
ϡԿǵ˫֮䣬͸¶Ŀ־壬ͬʱͷ֮ϣƻɢ۳ΣҪԶ
˭֪ǵжʱۻ棬ֱǵ֮ȼն
ͣͣͣ
˵꣬˲ҷ
۽
۽찡ǽٳֵ۽͵ʺ
ӣ
Ӱ

ߺһȺӶߣ߱ɱɾתҪӣһЩˣҪ½ʺ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

׶ˣɱߣһ˶ûκζһ̣ؿ׶ˡ
һ۽£һѷ죬˲䱻˺ѣ
ʺʮӶڣȫ״ݻ٣ѷûʧ֮䡣
ǿ
̫ǿˣ
ʹߴˣǿߣ

ڳﵹһͬʱһǵӶˣ׳˾⡣
Ǭ½ǿΪǿ۵õأ
̧֣нϵۻʧĽ֮Уתصʺ֮УʺǰС
ʼգ׶һƽϵĳ۸ûκ壬ͺղģֻһ
򵥶⡣
ʹߴˣղЩǣ
һǵӺס
Ӷߡ
˵
Ӷߣ˳֮⣬˶һ棬Ȼ֪ϻӣҲ֪ϻΣգӶߣȴǵһ˵
ӶߣǶϻϵǿһ㶼侳߷ÿӶ֯вٵ侳ߡֵ
ϻϵǿʹߴˣϻӲʢʢһߵЩӶߣѵרΪӶʢʢһߵߣ
һǵӺʵ
Ȼǡ
ҡͷϻУвٶĵ졭һЩ죬Ǽ˷ҵҲЩ죬öϻ϶Ӷߡ
һԣȻ
ʹߴˣôʺ
￴ףʵ
˳һۣ׷ʵΪʲôûʺ
һ֪λش
ѵΪֻЩߵˣܲٿʺЦʵ
ѵǣ
һǵʡ
Ȼǡ
ҡҡͷóһˣڣ˺档


437 Ʊ
ۿһȺ¶ؿ˵ʺʵҲġ
˶סˡ
ģ
Ǹʺ
ʺһʦ죬ʸ趯Ҳ˵ʺշУҲʾ֮͡
׽˵ԣÿһֵ֮ʺкܶ࣬ʢһߣֻҪ㹻Ԫʯκ˶ԵõһԼʺ
˵ţֿ˿£ʺҵ˽вƲΪʵ״ӣʶһҴ͵ʺĴʺʲ׸趯˵мСղЩӶߵʺһͨʺÿһҶֵǷ
׵Ļڳ֮˶Ŀһ
ʶʺٶȺ͹ܣȻϣһԼʺһպߣж
ԼĪһҵʱ䣬ʺں˶ϻӡ
ھɽʱ䣬Ǹ׼׼Ҫȱչء
׶Գһ˵
Ҫô
׵Ļ˷ܡ˵뷨ֲͬ˵뷨ҪΪʵӣӶһɳ죬ӵ
뷨⣬ҪĻҪʰĸ
ȻҲ֪Ҫɶϻӡǰϻһߵʢ֮򡣲һ׵¡
ʣεȳߣӦһͨҪ
ԣ֪ԼҪľǳΪʵӡõʵĿءһϣ
ɽΪʡʡĴڣΪʥء
ÿ硣ɽΧһЩɽϵعͷЩɽΪʵıӻǿΪ档
ɽҲһɢڸĳУʺӶ˶ԿЩһĳУҲȻ϶ЩС
ǰɽˡ
ʱҲȥˣ׶Գһ˵
ʺУңңǰȥֻԶϼ죬䣬ǳɫһƬɽ
һὫʱһǸӣɽӻڶӵһϣǵؼͻ˴ȡʸ
׶Գһ˵
ʹߴˣǺʱпˣһǵʡ
º󣬵ʱ֪ͨǡ
˵
ʹߴˣ˵ǲ˴񣬿Ǵȡأ
Ǹڳǰͻ侳ӡꡱüͷ΢壬ʡ
ߣ
ɨ˻һۣാ㵣ˡ
һٶ˵

ʱȥʺ䣬ɽһׯ֮󣬵һ˸߳ʺͿׯ֮УһӰӮ˹
֮ˣһֳֹȵˣ񣺡ү
ǰסˣⲮôԳˡЩˣºҪʦµĿ˵ģʱ䣬鷳Ⲯˡ
ү˵ﻰǻʴ˵ĴˣĻǻʴ˵ּ⣬Եӡ
ᵽʱһϡ
ԶԶؿһĻҲ΢΢ݡ
ⶫǰҲвٵڽӴ࣬ʱΪһЩ£ЩˣǿԸһС
ɽΧܱߵĴԣʣǵ
ס˵Ļ
׸˸ǺһɨһˣھǣŽʺԦʺ뿪ֱɽȥ
λ
ʱ˴һȺ񣬽һ˴˴
Ƕܺÿͣһ˰һ䷿ӣﱻõ˶ߵһ䷿ӣĿ⸴ӣ̲ס˵Ǹӡ
Ĵӣһÿ͡

ڸ¥ǰ̾Ϣ
Сӣǳȥߣ
ʱ˳ߣȫ˯Ծúܡ
ȥ
ʡ
ʱҿϱһȽϴĳСȥƣ
תһ˫ɫͫף˺棬˿̵ﻹ˶ߡ
š
ͷҪ£ҲǴ
һһҹûоκˣϢ뿪˴ӡ
ƴ·ں档ϱ߷Ӷȥ
ſңſң
Ʒ˰ʱԼǰ۵ĽԽԽһͯ˻
ţ
üաԶԶԶ
ʱԶˡһ˵ĻһˡСкСкϵšɾѲ
ߣС̫ˡ
Скü
ˣٲнΣϴ󻹵ء
һ˵СһǱǡǨǡҵСүϴ˵ˣôСȡƷԪʯڻ¡
Ԫʯ
Скԣ˿ĭ˫۷⡣
ǱˣǼһǮǵġ
Ск˵
ߣСӣٳɱҲ
ȵ
ƺŵˣСкƬ̣۴
Ʊ
ڰһĻĿɿڴ
Сӣһ侳أһ侳ءҪҪ£ȻٵһЩꣿ
ƿЦǵǸˮͦġ
һۣ˵
һ䣬ֳΡ
һֱأǵ˵Ϊʤ˵ֻǵ侳ߣҲͲסֱӳˡ
ˡ
ħ֣Ϊ͸¹⣬һˮֱӶ
һ̣ǱסСкˣͷ­ֱӶϿѪСкһŵСкһ˹ȥ
ʲôˣ
һˣۿֱͬӱɱȻһ
𡪡
ֻǣעһȣΪһֻӴĺɫѾѪſµֱӽ˽ȥ
̤նֱӽסСк
Сӣߣ
ͻȻǲʲôڹ⣬ЯųԶݶȥ
ƺͳСкȥһӺµϢԶЯž˵Ϣʵǿ侳ǿߡ
Ȼ˸䣬˳ɽ֮Уһͷʬ塣
Ͼţ
ɫ䣬һ˵ͺȵãСӡ
壬˵᲻Ƕҵ˳ˣ
һʡ
ǰҡͷܣҵڿ²ŸշӦ֪ͲӦߺϾ˹鷳ˣôϴ󽻴
ң
Ҳֻˡ
նĴѰ
ʱƽСкԶһ֮ڣСк˹۴УҪɱңҪɱң
£ûˡ
ο


438 
Скŷֱ˻ˣֹס˿תһ˫۾ؿų
Сѣ֪𣿡
΢ЦʣŻСк
ҼǨǡСкһ˵ţһߴų磬𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷʣ֪Ǩȥ
Скҡҡͷ
óΪתһȻˣϾֻһˡСк
СӣȵǸȥʣӦ֪Ǩôߡ
ƽ
˵ͷ
һһСкϡ
ֹһʱһƻĹųǾͳǵǰųǵҹмΪ֣ﱧСк߽ųǣһ··֪ǨǾеϷԶֱ뿪С
ݴķȥ﷢֣ôõ·Ск֪ʱѾ˯˹ȥ
Զһƻĳгǰ˿ڵˡ


ʱ﷢֣ǰڵķһӰӶЩΪĶǵ侳ߣΪǿ侳ߡ
Щ˺ȺΪһСӣȥ
ͣ
ʱһСӵˣˣΧס
üͷһ塣
֪ЩסԼʲô
Сү
ͻȻһ˿˳ﻳСкһۣĿһͺȵ
ץסǣ
ˣһ
ȵȣ
ʱﾪһ˵ڿжסüʶСк
װ⣬°ǶСү־ܣ
Ск˵ͺȵ
ң°ߣ
ȻԭЩСкˣֻǶЩ°СкЩЦˣͷ»һɧ
ۿ˻붯֣һʲôңһȺļһ°СүˣڻǨǸ
ԣó˵Щ·ǡ
ɨһۣڶԱģʱ°ߣɱˣ˻ţ
˵ţｫСкѡ
Ск˲۾ų磬𣿡
ţˡЦ
˿һĻɫ˼֣һˣСк΢ЦСү
塣
СкˣһЦЦúܲã壬λҡ
š
˵ͷֿ΢ЦղŶе¡
ҡͷ޷ҲҪͻǶңȻˣͽˡ
˵ţｫСкݹȥˡ
ֵܣɫǻضЪһɡ
˵ţۿҡͷ׼ֲֵܾܣǼСүǲǻȥ¼ҡ
˶˵ϣҲûپܾ˵ͷͬǽǨǡ
Ǩǣûǳô󣬿ɻܺҡǡһĳбȣۿ˷˴̻Ҳʶ֪ͨҵСкˡ
ҸۡλǨǶߣһޱȵĸۡĽȺ϶ɣдСԺӸǲʤö١
ǨǣûСաһƣƸֱӽڶҸۡĴſڣſڵĶӵܿ˺һ˻Ск϶ֳЦݡ
Ϻû뵽Сүһˣμ϶ʹ㣬ǵȾư
ſڵĶӵܣСкˣһЦ
ȥСүɲϺһģλֵܡ
Ϻŭ˼ӵһۣк˶ҡ
Ϻһȥ֪ͨҼ󣬾ͽ˶ҵĻʹͬʱСк£΢ЦԳֵܣһ󡣡
ҡͷһЦ޷
ʱ֮⴫һٵĽŲ
һˣһӣ󣬽һ˺һˣδɣսСкƶĸˡ
ĸס
Ск˲ȥᣬ˵ңȻҾͼĸˡ
лллл㡣
˷Ӧע⵽æл
ˣȴƶȥɡ
Ϊ׵ˣҲǶҼ˴Скȥ󣬿˳΢΢һЦ¶裬ǶҵļζֵҶȻֵ֪γƺ
ˡҽг
ǫ
ֵܣҶʱɱˣǿʲôʡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˵ҵҲûôע⣬ʱִ٣ֻŶСүİΣֱӺҵ޻ֽɱˣһˣһΪߡУҳǰǵĽ̸˵ʲôСү򶫷һȡƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯǵʨӴ󿪿ڡɫ΢ŭȻ
Ĳ֪ʲôˣ
ʱһֱû˵˿ˣʵҵܱ°ߣƾҲܽȻ
ʲô˼
üͷһ壬ʵ˸߽;úܲڣΪģΪرǿʱ˵⡣
治֪ԼҲǵһμΪ˵⣿
ûʲô˼ǲ֪ǲҲһģ⽫ҵͻȻȡꡣ
˵˵Ȼûգɾ˵
ЦˣһûҪǵıꣿ
Ҫ꣬ҵͻˣΪλҪҶˣѵ˵ûͼı
ͱ˵
үóֵһģʱʱСүҾ׼뿪
һԵ˿ȥˣ˵
壬Щ˾ϲܹݣɱƭˡ
ֵ
ˣ
ڣ迪ˣͺһ죬֮£ζҪлֵܡڱ꣬ȻǱġ
˵ţ̧֣һöָ
ֵܣƷԪʯЦɡ
Ͽҵ
ҡ
ܾĶߣͻȻһ죬ָֽ˹лл
ˣüͷ΢΢һ壬Ŀ⣬
ֵܣȻɫҶסһ뿪Σ

ǾͶлˡæл
ϺֵȥϢǵʰõĿͷ
迴Զˣ
ǣ
Ϻæ˴·ϣʲôɻϺ壬ղλСү׸磿
ϺЦҡͷǣǼӣʮǰۼλϥһ֮£λӡСүǰǰղҲˡ
ԣȻ򣬵ͷԭˡ


439 Һ޹
Сӣ㲻ûҪôôղŶ˵ͽǶļƷԪʯǿƷԪʯ
ƿһ⡣
֪ﲻ̰Ƶˡ
ﵭһЦҲûֱͣڴ£Ȼ֪ˡ
ţ
ƶڳӣֳĲ⣬Ҳ֪ΪˣȻ˵ʲôù
һҹ޻
峿ԹҼ緹󣬳ȥ˶Ҽ뿪
ƣֱ뿪˶ҡ
СӣǨǹ𣿡
ɻʵγҪǵΧĳй䣬ΪȴЩˡ
֮ô䣬ô䣬һ¡
˵
ʲô£ü
ۿ뿪ǨǣƻǸȥ
һ··ǰУܿ͵ǨǺͶеУһƬãĻ룬Բ˿ֲ
СӣãǱˣ
ͻȻɫ䣬ͺһ
ţ
üƬ֮ҲһɹİϢԱ̤ն
Щˣһаˡ
ˣϢȻ侳ߣˣѷһֻǵ侳ߣǵΧס
Сӣʲôˣƴʳ
֪
ص
㲻֪ղŻɵվŵǹ
ҲǿվûԲû
Ҳ

Ƴû˵ˣҲУ
ʲôˣ
￴һΧסǵˣüʡ
Сӣ֪֪µˣһȽ϶̡
侳УΪ֮ˣΪߵĮɨ˳һۣ˵
£ƺЩ⡣
գǲǾһСޣһ
Сޣ
ԣʱе֣ʲôСޣϲ㲻Ǹ˰ɣ
ת˲֮䣬һɹȻɨڳƵϡ
侳һأż
ƵΪʱڵһˣסˣһ̾
塣
˿ߵһˣüͷ΢塣
ϴɱϾŵˣΪҲǵ侳һ侳ǣ²ɱߺϾšȻΪ
˵
ΪһʮҵСӣѵ㻹Ϊǵ侳أ侳ߣ
Աһüͷ΢壺ϴ󣬻᲻Ǽһˣ
ҲЩˡ
Сӣô£
ƹŹֵؿ˳һۣղΪѣԼżΪɾżȻ֪Ϊô϶ԭ
һ֪ˡֻһ䡣
ţ￴ˣһΣϲǲϴˣûʲôСޣС֮ʲôţûʲôµĻҿһŻءԪ塯ء
Ԫ壿
Ļڵİɫһ䡣
˵Щ㡭ǻԪˣ
ǡ
ҡͷ˿
ԷǻԪˣôһٸҲɱԷ
Ԫ壬ǿɽ౻ػĴ֮һǿߣҲɽɱػЩ
˲аǶˡ
ϴǲҪҵǸˣָǼ鲻ˣϣǾйֱɱǡ
һ
˵û
ͬ
˿СӣָóҪ顭㲻ҪҵˣԻ뿪
˾㲻ǻԪˣȻҪȥԪ壬ӦúͻԪѲ˸ϵԣҶˡ
Է飬ðҲҪɱԷ
ƷԪʯǲСջ
ԡ
һν׼õöָȡˡ
ɨֳ϶ûָ󣬼߸ڴĿУüǸƷԪʯʮöһѵͼԪʯӦҴˡ
ٵȵȣһ˴һֻȮޣ䲻ҲûС
˶ͷ
ˣСӣˡ
öָ˻ֵ
лϲ
æ˵лƾ߶ȥֻǣǵٶȲô죬ͥŲ
Сӣڸʲô
ȫ֪ʲô㽫ƷԪʯصͨ˲ɣ
˵ͷ
ڳԶ˺߸ˣ׼ǰȥͿԶһ˽һˣһ˺߸˶ͣ
ү˵˴һк
ôˣ
Ŀһʡ
үҵҪ㣬˵ôû֣ʡ
ܣۿ뿪Ǩǣһ·ȥġǲǶƷԪʯȻ˰ɣ
ɫһ
˿˱ɫڲ˲ԣү˵ģ
ϻ
˵ͺߴŵȮޣһֻɫСһϮɫۣû㿡Σǵûǣ
˺߸ˣɵˡ
ģǸղǷߵ
ãˣˣ
ɫ䡣
׷
˺߸ˣͷҲأֱ׷ȥ
Ҳȥͬʱʣô£
үǸղ˵ǸˣֻǣǿǸҲͶʮͣΪֻǵ侳أȻߵֻǾżڼǵָ󣬾ˡ
ǶΪָ뿪ǰ˱𴦡
һоˣӶ硣
ǰУܿ죬ƻͷһСӣȺͷӦǷӦˡףһˣô
˵Щȡ


ŵӰͬһʱ併ٵƵߣΧס
㣿
ﾪȵĿ⣬˾ΨһǸϣ֮ǰûг֡
ˣǱˣڻʹڶҼˣӣա
ɣ
նųĿĮƷԪʯһ
СӣղžȻƭˣһҪʬΣ
˸ղűƭжݺݵضų
ЦһҺ޹ı飺ϲƭʲôˣ㲻Ƕҵָ𣿻УôҵļһһһɲʲôǨǶķǧƭöƷԪʯʮöƷԪʯʮöƷԪʯء

ԣϵķụ̆߸ˣһĿŹֵؿ˶ա
Ǹʲô˵
յû뵽Ȼܵܣƻ񷴴һҡ


440 
ô˵ˣôǧҳϣ
￴Ŷգһ棬ߵ֪뿪ķǽĴ˦һҲΪС£ңϲɱҰ
˺߸˿ŶյĿ⣬ӹŹˡ
գ㲻ǵǹʹɣ
ɫһôһС£öҴүѵԽڶңûλ̶ֳȣѹ֣ѹǰ°ܣ˵õӦõļƷԪʯ󣬱ңǽ㡭ҪɱȻû˸̳˵λã
Ŀ⣬ײһ
ƣ˼صͷƺʲô
գߺϾΪܱܵɱǻû㣬Ūǣ
߸ˣŶա
λ˵һжġһֱ˵ٻ
նˣЩһﾹȻһİˣǰǺ٣ȥûҵİܾ׬ȡԪʯڣһİˣң
˵ţֿͺߵôֻһװɵˣϣǶң㲻Ǻ˵𣿡
ͻȻЦˡ
գû뵽ܵ°ߵġϾܵܣôݵ֣
ûװɵ򶫷գʵ
ʱ˺߸ҲӦˣʶһֱǳںǣһʱ䣬Ƕŭӳ֮֮Ӷʱ׼ɱ
ݣ
ĻЦˣЦЩ񣺡Ƕ裬Ҳӣر⼸꣬ΪҸ٣ִҪǸСˣСΪ̳ˡΪǸСģֻģ
ҲҲ
ƾʲôСΪʲôƾʲôܲͶ񣿡
˵յĿ⣬˸ź⡣
ǰ˵ô࣬ѵͲҸ߶
￴ŶգĿһʡ
ûˣΪձɣ
Į㽫ǸСҾͺ޲ýɱ֪ô尾ģҺòҵôõĻᣬȫƻˣ
һУΪ£˭ǸСգ㱻ɱҪ֣ȥǸСɣ
˵ЩЪ˹
Ҳˡ㣡
ʱڶջʱһŭޱȵըףһ̣Ӱ̤ն䣬һˣˡ
ף㡭ô
Ϊ׵ˣĸףҼ裬ճˣܿ죬ʶǰһУֻһ֣һľ֡
裡
ߵ˺߸ˣɫ䣬΢٣ĴӴܶȥ
ǵӰѸ磬ֱӸ
ֻǣӲˣŶҼλ̧֣Χ𵴣·ȫƿء
һ̣һѷƾѿ


һҽ𣬰Ǹ˺߸ڣ˶ûӹһ󱻾ѷ죬ʧ֮䡣
һʱ䣬ֳ»ָƽ
ӣ
迴ŶգɫͳޱȣСô˵Ҳܵܣ㾹Ȼµ֡䲻Щҿ㣿ڼ̳֮λǶѵֻѪӣѵ㻹ҪΥڵѵһΪ̳˲ɣ
ˣ滰ɣ
ϵľ壬һ̣Ȼ޴棺ʲôѵʲôѪӣƨҵǺ棬ʲôʱʼҵģ
ӣ㵽ڻڤ粻飡Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
Į
ԣ㽻ƷԪʯʵҲϷҿϹˣ
ȫˡ
ҵʱֵֻܵһõָҪܾʱҴæ˵ܾɥӣ
мؿ˲Զĳһۣٴο򶫷ʱĿޱȡ
ϣȴӻȥ
ͻȻ迪ˡ
ǣ
һλˣͷ̧֮־ЯŶ뿪˶յ
Ŷյʧߣ˳ǰжһöֵָܣ֮£㣡ЩԪʯҵСС⣬Цɡ
ˡ
ҡͷһЦҲȱԪʯԼŰɣңҰ㣬ҲԪʯֻ˵Ե֡
Ե֣
һ漴ҲЦ
ţ轫˽ܸȴǶҴϡ
ֵܣ֮ǰ˵ҪȥԪ壬ĪǻԪ֮ˣֻǲŷϣ
ʳ
ҡͷһЦҲǻԪ֮ˣȴסڻԪ塣
סڻԪ壿
ԣ˫ͫһɱȳǻԪ֮˸е𺳣ɽ˭֪ɽΧЩʱӻĴӣ⣬˵ڴסǿС
ȻסڻԪ塣
ֻܣһڻԪ壬ǻּ⣡
ǰҲˣǺߡ
ֵܣڻԪ岻ɣʡ
ۿҡͷоԼһ£ĶҴϣ侳ĴڣٴοʱĿҲżּɵ
ô˵ֵǻ׼º˵ӿ֮ˣ
һҲֻܡ
ܲµ
Щȣ漴ͷڶϻӵһߣʢ򣡡
ЦʵҲѲ£ԪĴӣ⣬óֵסȥҲֻܡֵȻڻԪ壬ֻһܡʢҵҲ˵ֻһֱûȥ˵ʢ֮УһǿǵĪǡ
ҾǵӣոͬӵִԪ塣
Ц
ӣ
ĶҴϣͬʱһͬʱ̲ס̾û뵽۽״ȥǹʶǵӺܿذ
˵ĺȻʣʹߺܳ𣿡
ֹ
¶𾴣״ˣɽ״ӣʵֻڻʴӡˡ֮£ɽܱߣǲˣ֮µһˣ
ԣ˫һɣ
֮µһˣ
ҪǿʵܵõϿɡ
û뵽λΪ׵ʹߣɽΧʢ
лʵĴӡ족ڲȥ£֮µһˡ
죬ɽܱ֮µһˣ
죡
ؼס֡
仹ˣѾ


441 ڵ
ֵܣ㲻ҪԪʯգȴ֪Ƿնúдд㣿
һڴؿ
￴һԵƣеڴ˵ͷǾ鷳ˡ
뿪Ԫ壬ҪΧĳй䣬ǨǵҲһȥȻһҹȴҲûǨϵع
һһͬͶҴٴλص˶ҡ
ڶҵļգżڶ㶫Сү棬ҲǨǴ󲿷ֵطأƵľή
ǨЩʧ
ƿУ֪ȻǰɶϻӴʢҲֻǴûþ뿪ˣûܵߵĳй䣬Ϊ
ȻźֲԲô˷ܣϣԽʧҲԽ
ֵܡ
ڳ׼뿪һ磬һ󣬻λˣǶҵĴϺͶϣλǿߡ
Ҫţ²

΢Цͷ漴ҽһյһϢ˵ǡɽ֮УвơޡʬУߣѰ޵ʬ
޵ʬ
˫һɣϸֲ˼ɫޣǵͬ侳һĴڡ
Ǹɽвʬ
ȷ𣿡ʡ
ȷ˵һ侳صɽѰһöڵ޺ǣƾڵɹ壬侳
˵˫Ҳ¶˵Ĺ⻪
Ҳ侳أһε£һԵȻǰҵ޵ڵҽá
˵ţ迴΢ЦҳֵܣǷȤһȥմ֣
Сӣȥ
׼ӦƵĴڳ𣬳һۣӦ
һֱ뿪˶ң뿪Ǩǡ
ɽλǨߣԶ˵
ʱλǿߣͬʱ֣µ֮ЯųƣֱӶ߶ȥֻǰʱʱ䣬ǾѾɽΧ
ɽ
迴ǰܵ
ۿȥֻɽĵμ临ӣһβɽɽֶ֮׵ϿȣҪôӵĵطѰ޵ʬԲһ׵¡
ƣ޵ڵ壿
뵽ڳǰ˵Ƿʵ
ƻӦȻԣޣ侳ߣǵ壬˵꣬ҲƬҲܰԭ򡣡
޵꣬һڵ֮ССӣڵе壬ƬеȫͬҪ̵棬ǰȴȫҪ
ƽ˵
ʲô˼ûס
ȷط֮⾳ƬԼѾ˶ط֮⾳ڵеȻܵõ̺ʺ֮⾳ķ֮ڵһãʱڣķ֮⾳һּٶͻƣڵҲͻƵ侳
ϸ͵

ʲô޵ڵֱ͸ǰϷõһ졣
֪ɽڿܻ޵ĲкڵƱֵñȳﻹȸԾﵹҲƵ飬յߣôһܶʱڻָȫʢʱʵĻᣬȻ
ֵܣɽ󣬾ǣ˲Ѱߣҵúܡ
贫
˵ͷ
Ȼ׼ǳɽ󣬻ǱǰһĻסˣɽԿܼӰؿһЩڸѰ䡣
찡Ҫɽһ𣿡
Цҡͷûã


ƣڶ˵ҲȺУĴѰ
˰죬ʲôûС
ҹ̾˿ɽ֮Уδؾͻ޵Ĳкڵ
ǿ
ҡͷţ򶫷裬ԭһҾʹУڻԪǱ߻Щ£ڱϻȥʹ˸ǡ
Ǻһ߰ɣҪ·Ǩǡ
ԣ˵ͷ˵
㲻ˣʡ
ô˾㻹޵ĲкڵҪҵڴ롭ңﻹЩ£Ҫȥҡͷ
ͷ
һ飬ٴλصǨǡ
ͶǺ󣬲ûĻԪȥ˳ԭ·ɽͬʱƣƣ֮ǰŵ޵Ϣ
ȮޣȮıģҿ׼ȷŵھɽߵһ޵Ϣ˵
֮ǰҪػԪ壬ʵ޷ҪѶˣֱܲ˵ֿңƵΪһȺɽѰ侳ǰԱ֮ûС
ֿѰԶĻǣȻܲߡ
ǹȥ
Ŀһƴ·ңңƿɽһ·߶ȥ
ھɽʮߣһƬҳأеĴּǿľһ󣬽£ͿշС
ƣŵ𣿡
￴ơ
Ǳߣһȣųߣܿ죬ǰȻʣһƬأ˳ǰ
⣿
һɵؿơ
𡪡
ʱƻޣͺһµϣʱһƬ󶼱Ƶ˦һࡣ
⡭
رŪһ޿ʱסˡ
Ƭ֮£һӴСɽĺǣʲôޣ¶ĹȴûմȾֺɢɫĹ
ﻹ𺡹ǵڣһö˸ųɫ⻪ڵƽ
ƣ𣿡ʡ
ϻȻǣ
Ƴ˳һۣ޵ĺǣֱӽڵȡ˳
ڵ̺ʲô壿
Ȳؿȡڵ˸żϣöڵǷڵֺķ֮ϵĻµĻʱھлᲽ侳
ֻǣô
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ˣ̺塭ҵް嵹߰˷ƣҪʰްˡ
˵
ͻȻǲʲôɫ䣺Сӣߣ
ţ
ﻹûüӦͿǼһѾӶԶ
Ȼ֪ʲôﻹǸȥ
öڵϽؽľͨһ侳߷Ǿ޵ĺǣƺܿ׷ǡ
Ƶżּ١


442 ƽ
ԣɫ΢䣬Ȼ֪һ侳ηǾ޵ĺǣǽڵս˾ͨ
Ǿ߱ڿأһӰ¡
һݵӣԼĪʮߡ꣬˫˸ųɫĹ⻪͸¶ɭȻϢΣطͲһࡣ
һ͵вкһࡣ
û塭˽ȵˡ
üͷ΢壬һɨ

ո޵ڵԣһƬ֣طţͬʱһӰٽǵǰ
ȥƬأ
ݵӣųƣĮ
ʲôأ
ȻװɵԣǰҲͶʮߡˣһ侳ߣȵͬʱҲ˼ɵ
侳֮£Ժߡ
侳ϵĴڣϵ⣬òС
䡫
ɲǼ䣬ϣһѪϢɨ˲佫ƺ˳ȥһ̣ɨ˳ƣֱ˳ǰϵָǿг

ųӹɵ
һܹ裬ƱǿֻеĲ죬
Ƭ̣ӽָ󣬴Ƭָֽ̣˵ϡ
һ̣նûٿһۡ
Ͳмڽɱ
Զȥķ򣬳¶ɭȻ˫ȭգŭ¡
Сӣܲ˰ɣˣҲûʧʲôһ·ô࣬ѵ磬ôпᣬЩɱˣΪʵűɱһ㲻ˡ
ưοֻǣοķЩر
лټɱ
˫˸â
ˣ߰ɡϱߣ˵
ţַʲô
ʡ
һһƬر֮أŵϱ޺ǵϢ˵
ʲô
ԣʱеĲ֮Ժ̲ס¶ݡ
޺ǣ
ߣ
ƣһ·ϱ߶ȥ·ϣ̲סʣƣղΪܷ޺ǣǶǿıӲܷ֡
ûƿƬأֲˣƿֻ֮޺ϵϢǱӦˡ
˵ղˣҲް壬ܵõղöڵʵ츳պ̤ʾҲδؾͲܣ
̤ʾ
һһֱԼ侳̤侳龰
ʾԣȴ̫ңԶ붼û
СӣúŬɣ츳컯ֻҪڰ·زۣ̤ʾɾһʣֵ
ò˵ⷬеĻó˲١
ƣǷ¸ղöڵ̤侳
ʡ
öڵ̺塭Ȼҹȥް壬Դ긽޺󣬾ʱˣӦҪһʱ䡣˵
ֻҪһꣿ
һû뵽޵ڵĸǰϷһ̬

ƣһĺ֮ϣΪǣͷǱһֻż
䡪
ڳɨʱƽĺըһӰȴһͷӣųͳ࣬ҿ̽ң
ӣǳ̽鵽ֻż
֮µĴڣûܱﵭɨһۣ͹
˵ţ̤նħ֣һϣֱӳ˺棬Ƹڳһһֱ˺
żӳˣһһ̽ˣΪ൱Ĵڡ
һȻŭȴûκζ
ʱҲ˺£˺ܿͷ֣Ʒ޲кĸֻż֮أطԪĳԣ
ΪǾ߲к
ﴫơ
Ӧǡ
Ƶͷһ̣ϵĵ֮Хھż֮ϣʯըʯƬԴԴϵĵ֮俪һ˸Żƽľ޴󺡹ǣ
ǡ
Ȼֻһߺǣȴ̺һϺ嫵ϢóҲ̲סΪ֮ɫ䣬ƣҲ¶ǣ
ǣŲ࣬ɸ߰ϣһ
һ
ȻѪͨҲվǰǣУõĺǣ˸ҫ۵Ĺ
ͺɻƽɵһ㡣
һ壬֮ʱڵһֱ뺡ǡΣûõڵܼǣҲǲˡ
˵
ΪȻ
ڸʲô
ʱżεӣҲӦǵϢʱҲסˣ
Ȼȥ֪ǵĴڡ
ֻǾãŻѡﶨӡ
ͻȻһЩϸһ߻ƽǣÿһЩ֮ڡ
ͬʱǵĺˮʼһ㡣
ǵںʲô
ͻȻͷ֮ϣѪͨϢ֣Ҳһ֮ѶѪͨں£ˮһ㣬趯
סˣûпȥѪͨҲ˵ѪͨǱǻģ
Сӣô£
ҲһĻŵˡ
֪ЦҡͷǰһУƺȫĿơ
ʱѪͨһһŵǣ֮ӳһȻͬһ֮

һ̣ǰı仯ðƺ˶Ŀɿڴ
ֻѪͨȻһ߽貵ǣԭûѪǣһ̣ȻѪ⣬ѪⷭκƬ֮۶һ
˲֪õǣٴ壬µƬ˸Żƽ֮ɫ̺һĨɺ죬ÿһƬ֮䣬·ѪҺ
ĻƽÿһֻצӶצǰ˵еġצһ졣
͡
ͻȻ˫һ˫ǵ˫˲ɣֻһۣϵϢѹóƺ˴
࣬ӽҾ츳ͨ
·ȾѪһĻƽͻȻ̧ͷɨ˳һۣһ̣ʵʵһ𣬻һ⣬˳ڣʧ


443 ʣ
ˣ˵츳ͨ
ƣô£￴ƣͼƿеõ𰸡
ô֪
Ʒ˷ۣ˵ͨɱ䣬Ӧú͸ղǾ߻ƽйءֻǾ߻ƽǵԭˣѪͨˣ˭֪أ
ƽǵԭˣ
סˣǲޣ
ԣԭˡ߻ƽǲǱŵһߺǣ֮ǰھһߺǱȣһεġһɣߺǵԭˣҲǾżǡʣ
ƵĴڳըף׷¡
ʣ
еǿߣʵĴڣָգ
𡪡
ڳﻹڷʱһ޺ȴƻޱ壬ſѪڣӭǾżˡ
˸ܵµϣһȫȻʱɫ䣺㡭Ҫʲô޵У
𡫡
ܿ죬Ҳ˱壬һƬ鲼ĳԣӶȴҲƿд

Աȥ֮ǰֻһ쳹ĵͺ
ôɱˣʡ
㲻֪̫𣿸ղǾǺͨ䣬һȥȻΪʸ֮ʱʶȤ˵
ʶҸȤ
Цˣãҿ־ĸס
һɸ֣ʶȤǶͨȤǸʱὫͨоܻӶͨ
Ӷҵͨ
סˣͨӶ᣿
ߵһߣȻӶͨʲεĴڣƾһ֮ǿгʾߵ츳ͨ˵Ǭ½Уյ˵ӣ츳ͨΪѰ츳ȴߡȻֻҪʳ֣ʱΪǻȡͨ
ƵЩˣҲУ
ȡͨ
ô˵ֻҪʳ֣˵ӵ˫ͨͨһӵͨʮͨҲʲôˣ
ʵ
ȻǡÿӵжͨжͨĿռ䡭ȷͨӵߣ츳ͨˮװˮƿӡ㽫ˮ룬㻹ƿӡֻһͨߣҲһʿԸ㻻ˮȴܸıƿӵ
ò˵ƵĽͺͨ׶ó֪һЩȥ֪¡
ߣȥһ޺ǣ
˵꣬ȳ˺Ҳȥ
ճ΢Լͨһʱ䣬ͷ֮ϣʵצǰ˵еצֻͬצϵÿһƬ֮䣬ųɫڲӶѪ
࣬ûΪλҳ
צͷ˫ųʡ
ҵ츳ͨҡҡͷûʲôǿʲô仯˵ղŵ׷ʲô仯ôͻȻ˵ˣ
ƣצȴĻش
צƬ̣ˣ࣬ںܾǰһλǿʣꡢǣ˯ꡭֱǻѣ츳ͨ
һȻв²⣬õצĳϣΪ֮Ȼ
ʣӦǵͬʵĴڰɣʡ
ǡ
צͷõ£Զȫʢʱڣ츳ͨ˻ʵʵͱ⣬޷뿪㣬ֻ㹲
üͷ΢壬ʵص㣺ڵжǿ
ڻûȫӦµ壬ʩչսҲֻܺһΡٸһʱ䣬ӦɱˣҼȥӦµˣûµĻٻҡ
צ˵꣬ٴ˳ڣʧ
ЦôоԼһλү
צĻóΪܣղ˵ڵʵԱҲ˵൱ڶһĴ֡
⵹һϢ
СӣղҲڵʵԱ⼸
˵
㿴𣿡
Цˣ߰ɣȥһ޵ĺǣϣǾߺڵ
ŵһ޺ǣλһ޴ɽ֮С
ɽǰΧɽת˼ȦûɽʲôɽɽһڣЩɵʵƣȷ
Ƶͷȷɽɽ֮С
һôȥ
ɽ
һ
ò˵ʱżʶƵķ񣬲ǵֶΣҪɽɽ֮УҲò˶á
Сӣħ·ɽʯпһὫǶ
ƽ
á
ͷħħſƥĵ֮⾳֮⾳ںϣɽһ࣬ĵ￪˿ǰеͨ
ֻǣڵͨɽʯ
𡪡
ƻޣѪſ򱻳ɽĺɽʯһʱ䣬ɽ嶼ʼɽʯʼɽ壬ɽס
䣡һ죬ɽʯ׹֮
ߣ
ͨеɽʯȡߣԾͨ
￪ٳͨпƽ⻬һһߣڵŵ޺ϢĸƵĿ·£ɽ
ɽ֮Уж죡
أ˺ɽһ谭ƽһɽɽʪ䣬ڰޱȣҺǶҹҲû谭
ɽߣͨ
ұߣ
˳ɽұߵͨ˽ȥҲȥֻǣ̤ǰǳﻹƣŲ˼֡
ƣƺЩԡ
żּɵоһɿµϢݷһǿޡ
ãֻǻģ
ʱҲӦСӣӣ
ҵĳ˯ӣ
ڳɫ䣬·ʱһͳѹֵͻȻ𣬾ͺڳըһ㡣
һ̣͸оһϢХ˾˽ȥһôֻԼǹɽǣȥ
Ҳ⡣
ƣ㲻˵һߺ𣿡

˭֪Ϣȷʵͺ޼εùˡƵУżΣҲû뵽ᷢչز
ܿ죬ƾͱǣͨͷһޱȵĶߡ
УһȻſɢϢƵۣѹŵǹϢԭԭǹǣ
ǡ
￴ǰȻסˡ
ѹ֡
ѹֶ˵ǧ꣡
һ㳡СĹǣǲϵ֫ͷ­һ˫ǲɣӣ͸¶ʵСһôʵϢ


444 С
ڳǰģһֻˣӴϵ壬޲˵˼Ϊƾõ¡
ڿʱ򣬳һʱ뵽ľǰ񻰴˵еġ䡱
˵е䣬ģ
ʣ
ǰֻ˵Ļһ£µ˵ʲô
׼ʱԺдһըװСӣϼһ˵£Ȼͱˡţ˵ҵҵĺǣԻ뿪
ڳԺʵ
ʱƿ˳
һˣʵӦ֮ǰһطҵһǣһѵʱմȾϢǾߺУ
Ǿߺǣͨƽ֮ɫ
˺żּʡ
ô֪ȵ
ȻȻǼһߣ壬һƫԸ
һ󣬿˳˵ҪҽǾǻٵ
һôǿΪβԼȥ٣
ըףٲȻżŭ⣺ȥ٣ô⣿ֻ£ȥƬȡٷ뿪
˵ţֿƣһ۾ϳ˻СƵݡ
⵽ʲôޣ
һ
ϼһϹŴꡯʵڳԺ
㡭㻹֪ʲôɫ΢䣬оԼʲô˽ûˡ
츳ͨͺʲôȻҡȻ˵
˵ҪҵĻ飬ȥƬ
ü뿪ң˭֪᲻׷ȥʱôĶ֪
ģֻҪ뿪ˣȻܾ飬Ҫȴ˵ֻޣ̫ˣȻҵ֮ء˵Щơ
֮أ
ͫһʣѵֻǱģȥٵĺǣʵԼ޷뿪
˵ܴǱǱҷġһ󣬳۳֣ҪȻʳ֣Ҳܾ뿪
ˣʶֻΪ˳ʣԭ֮仹ôĳޣ뵱ʷӡˣڶ֪˶ˡ
ô꣬ƢٺҲᷢ裡
رˣ޾
ۣ
ܿ죬ﷴӦ˹ĿһȲʣʣۿɾǴۣ
ӦǴۣ
ʡ
ﻹ˵ʲôȴֱӴϣСӣЩµ뿪Ҳ٣֮Ͻ뿪ϼһǱ˶ߣôĶ֪
ԼڵĴѾȷϣǬ½ȷʵڴۣ۲Ǵ˵
ô㲻Ը⣿
ͳżֲͷ
ҿԴӦ㣬ֻǣƾҵʵܽǻٵ𣿡ꡣ
꿴˳һۣͺߵ侳أôţٵǣźƬⶫֻޣҪǸˣֱӻɱֻޡ
˵ţſ죬棬һӨ͸ӶɢһóеϢϢ
ʲôסˣȥбеˣУʶǰҲֻ
ҲסˣĿתؿ
Сӣڸʲô
ʱ
ԴµȥҪתƵĻҲһһơ
ϼһﵹãȻóġСá
ʾڳԺд
ʲôоǿˡ֣ӹУֻоֱΪء

䣬Ϊ㾹Ȼòȣ㡭
üͷ΢
պ֪ˣΣҪϼһ͵ʴףûж˵ѾΪ˳Ķһ㡣
ȥɣ
һһɿµ˲佫͵ɽ֮⣬Ƽһ㡣
󣬳ʣӦô
뿪һӺۻصɽ֮ۡ˵
ֻصɽķ񲣬ʵָ£һ·նҵһɽɽʵ̫ˣѹ֮ǰûз֡
߽ɽɽ棬Ȼһ̻Ի͵ĴоǴԽһ硣
Уһ˸Ųͬ⻪תţʣѵЩƾǷֻƣ
붼ǡ
˵ţֱ뿪˳ڣѶ䣬һɫ۵ˣ˳һ츳ܻͨΣ
㲻Ϣʡ
ﵱͱҲơϢֻҪĶƣˡޣ涼Ӧֺ
ˣҲʿ˵
ѹ֡
Ȼղž֣ô࣬ΪǸƸ˿ûв
Ҫʲôʡ
㿴žǡ
ûóʲôԼһ˸űɫ⻪֮ǰ˫趯һɹɰУűɫ⻪ӶƷϸ΢ı仯
Ҳʱֻо
𶯵ķȣԽԽ
ҲʱڵĶ֮ڣͷ֮ϣͻȻһɫĹȦΣȦм˸Ÿޱȵķƣһƣγɱɫк£
ܡôܣ
УžֺͲ˼顣
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱűɫһһ£ֱӱſ£þվ
ԶƣһĻһ⣬ֱӶ
ӣ
Ȼ֪ʲô£껹ǷӦϣµϢֻϧƵûΣͱɫĹˣ
˭ǼһĲõơס
ͺţġ
ܿ죬ǵһɣܡУҵУǼһﵽʲôˡģҲġ
ɽۣ֮һӰ
ǳ
һӶܿ׷Ӵܳƣƣû°ɡ
û¡
ҡͷʣСӣôģ
˵һ¾̾ȥĵطʵ겼õˡû뵽ܽõ˳뻯ĳ̶ȣ
ʱѾȡ˱ġСЦǼһλ͵ʴס
Сӣʲôʡ
˵ûʲôá
ʲô
Ƶľȣ˳ĻȻ֪ʲô
ƣѵ˵
ʡ


445 ֮
һ˵
ƺݺݵ˿ĭһ˫ɫ˫ͫ¶Ĺ⻪Ǭ½ʹһһ˵һڴʣҲδ
ʲôʶδУ
ԣһһ˲͸обǶôʶһеĶҲǼջɣ
ڣڸоһɽ
˵Уƾ֣൱ڽһ侳صߣƾնɱһ侳ͽߡƼ˵
ԣһ
˿£
ѹǿнʱһ˵ȫ͵ʴףʶΪȡʲô
ƾ侳߾Ϳնɱ侳ͽߣֱ߸֮
ǲ˵ƾ侳Ϊ侳ͽҲնɱ
뵽Ȼ١
˭ϣԼʵǿرΪǵӺǵ侳ӣȻûֳʲôĻѹֵġ
ǵȻȺɱ侳侳Ǳɱģ
ǲϵﲼõġ塱ȥҲûɱǡ
ɽеͨ˴ԣǿҰ޲Ϲ壬ֻˡ
ָоãһܾͶԼ
ΨԼʵǿ󣬲
Сӣ㻹ǡ˹ʺˣ
ֵ漴ֵֻ˵Ӧòɣ
һЦһ̧֣ӹָ⣬һѪϣʱеı棬𵭵ӡǣЩӡմȾ˳ѪС
һɲǣظӦԼеϵѪ
һ̣ҲʶеĿ£Уһָоһ侳ͽվǰ׾ٽն룡
С
￴У͸¶ֿȡ
Сӣô£㡭ղΪ
ƴסˣղŻ˵Ҳܷӳ˭֪һ͵棬ˡ
һεĸо
ǰߵʱԣҲֻһ˵һңɼĴ˵
û뵽һԼۼ˽ĽӴоһоͺһΡ
ѾԼ֮ϷƣǿĨȥӡǣǸΪ֮Һã겻УȻҲ޷ΪҵĶ
Ц˵Щҡ
ѪֻǵһҪġ
һɹǳԭ˻ɢҪȻϵӡκκֶζ޷ĨģҲǾԲϵڶ˵ġ
ȻҪķ֮֮һɵ侳ϵĴڶԣ㲻ʲôɶڱԣǼĸ
ҪԼȥԿ֮ȻҲһֱֵڡ
СӣǲӦøлҡƵ
л㣿һ
СӲˣҵģûңѪͨΪһ壬Ϊ츳ͨȻƾ˵õƺߺһʵ
㻹˼˵
һۣ㲻˵޵ĺ𣿻ڿɽȥãֱڵһֻȥˣҪʣôĶ֪
˵Щʵǲף
뵽ղٵһУҲЩ£Һóǰ˵ˣʲôʱӣҪȻ
ʳ֣ҲҵĹ͡ƻھԼĹ͡
ûȥҵʵĺǣȥֻأۣ޻˵ȥǲܻ
һΣǾһ
̰̾ĺˣҺˣͬʱõ˴Ե
Сӣȥģʡ
ػԪɡ
˵
һһֱԪȥ
·ϣ̲סϵʣʣ֮ǰ˵۾Ǵۣ֪Ǭ½ڣɻд۴ڣ
ۣɶĹؼҲ׷Ŀꡣ
ȥֻһ˵ΪĿһ·ǰУÿҹ˾ֻȻʧôһ·ȥ۲ڣúȥδӣ
Ȼÿһ磬ֻʰģò˵һᡣ
ȻУ
ֱԵֻҪƬ½ڣ۾ͻڡ㣬뻳ɡôԴۺܸȤ
¶Цݡ
Ĵڣ
Ҳ˵һ·ĸǰ׷ѣлرġ
һ̣һ˿ĽҲȻ޴ˡ
ۣҵۣ
šӦһ
СӣסУޱҪҪʹáʡҲδУһ֪Уػᣡ
ʵ䣬żأ
һ˵ͷס
ὫеԼĵƣ֮ѣʹãˣҲȻὫ֮ȫɱ󻼣
ʣôġѵҲʦƵģʡ
ǰɡʻص
ǣﲻʵ˼
ԺȻ֪ˣúŬɣʵЩ̫ңԶˡʲôʱʾɾۣŻףʵվöߣֻһ㡣
ʵż̾Ȼ͸¶ļµĲɣ֮һ޾ûյ㡭
˵ͷ
Ϊˡ
һ·ػԪ壬ҲƽƻصԪʱ·Ĵ񣬶ظǴкͺȫǵԼһ㡣

ƸջصԪ壬ûԼڻԪľһӰԶӹк
̺ˣһЦ
ǵһǵĲ̺Կ
⼸նȥˣ̺ʵԪҲûʲôʶˣҲͳȽ죬סµĵڶգ׼ҳȥתתֳһ뿪ˡ
󣬼ɵɽİĻصΣգҲû߳ɣֻɽΧĴơ
ҺãЩĴǻõͽ֪ǱʰڻԪԤ˵Ӻ󣬶ֻûе⣬顣
ȥתһȦЦ
ǵˡ̺Ц
ô֪㵱ʱ뿪ˣﾪȡ
⵹ǣֻҵڶ컹ûȫȥ㣬ȴѲˣɲҹ뿪ˣ̺Ц
£ʡ
ҲûʲôǴԼһȥתתҲԶӦһЩ
˵ţ뵽ʲô˵ҷֻƺҲ㣬Ҫ鷳


446 Ѱ֮
̺Ļ˫΢΢
꣬κһľŸǵеһˣ侳еһˣԴӵʺ֮ǰͶûʲôɫ
ԴˣһֱоЩĪ
ԷҪ鷳Ҳ壬ǼֱӰǸȥнɱ
к󣬳ĵҲˡ
ɽҲ㲻̫ġ츳Ҫ¡
̺ۿʲôΪڵģο
΢΢һЦ̺Ӧÿͻ˰ɣ
գڳΪǵ֮ǰߵټӴȣ̺ʩչľؽ֮⾳ȻﲻǽޣΪһ˵֮⾳ˣԽ֮⾳ǱȽеġ
ʱ;ã̺ľؽ֮⾳Ѿ֮ٽ㣡
֮⾳һЩ
̺΢Ц漴˫𣺡ϣ˵ӿ֮ǰͻƣһΪ˵ӵĻὫӡ
ףͻˡЦ
лл̺ͷ
Ͳ̺㲻죬Ҫ˵ϵҲһǵģҶǰһٮٮߣ໥Щϧ
˼𣿡
̺ʣɽΧĵط˺档
Ц̺ȥʵҲ̫ǡȥҴ峤ҪһԪ֤ǻԪ֮˵棬ֻҪɽǿĴڣҲ׶֡
̺һСˣͿˣȻҲµĹǡ

̺һ漴ҡͷЦû˸ҡˣô֪ģ
Ц·ϣ߲Ƶ侳ߣɵ͸¶ҪԪǶǣ׶ҳ֡
̺ͷ漴뿪Ҵ峤ȥˡ
ҲƻصڴסͬʱｫڵӾͨпһȡơ
ڵ˸һѪ˳˯
¥ǰƺ͸ƣ˳Ϊƻ

ڷ֮⾳ƬĸУͻȻߴըװ˲˫ɫһ䡣
Ȼ˵ҲԷ֮⾳Ƭĸ
˫ۣͿ¥ǰ棬һӰЦЦؿ
꣡
ǰ֮ˣɫһ˲ˣǵ֮ǰʹ˳۵Ļ꣬ǵǱĵӣʮ꣬Ͳ侳Ĵڡ
ӴˣôˣЦˣ񿴵ڵɫһһ㡣
꣬Һܺ棬Ϊδң
ɫһʵ
㣿ЦԼôҪ㣬Ҳԣ
⻹ң
˫һƺ⣺ǵǰʼƺڴ鷳ʲô˼
ЦˣҾú棬𣿡
棿
ЦǬ½ǿΪΪϣ꣬ƾ侳ߣ̤
һ±˫ۣꡣ
꿴ˣһĨЦ
ԳȻΪνġ桱
Ϊ߳ٮٮߣʮ̤֮һֱԼ츳ţҲȻΧǵĽ塢ʵĿ⡣
һУ⡣
Ȼһǰǵߵټӽǵƾһ侳۷ʵɨӣչֳ˵츳ʱ;ΧǱӪĵ۳
Ҳˣߺ޵ǣʱ˵Ŷʮ꣬ȳʮʱʵȻԳ꣡
տʼͳȽϵǱӪ֮˻ࡣ
ɵѪսɱӪʱǱӪ֮ˣóͳȣ˶ãȳﵽ˺һʱȻʤ
ǸʱʼȻֻѪսңңؼһΣﻹǼǺ˳
ԣڵڶǵۣ֮ǵ֮ǰٴμûκκɫڻѳ
òȳرпС
ôΪҾˣҵҪڣ
ֵ
̫꣬ٴ˫һš
һΣôһˣ
Ҿ۸Σô㻹붯֣Ц
׳գ
Įɨ˻һۣһ𣬷Ӷ뿪¥󣬳˻Ԫ壬һ·ϱ߶ȥ
ҪǷ׷׷ϣҲֻܹԼù
Ҷϣӣ
Ц˳
һ·ϣµ֮ħɾŲ㣬쵽£ܿԶԶ뿪ɽ
ٶȵͦ죡
˫亮˸ڵ侳ʱٶҲϲڵĳǲ
ߣ·ڻصǵʱЩǱӪӱ̧߳Ļ
ҵҪҪȥʲôط뿪ɽܱҶɱɽ֮⣬ɱ㣬Ҳǰ겻ظڳ
Ҫ
˫¶ֺ⣬ɱȻ
ڣ뿪ɽΧһƫƧĻԭ֮УԭʱסΣعңңؿԶǵһ·Ӱ
ǣ͸¶
գ꣬Ϊе˺еĵһƷ
㻹Ǵ뿪ɽΧôƫƧĵطҽɱ˭֪
Цﲻ֮ͻµһ㡣
һƽʣ꣬ĺܺ棬Ϊҡ
Ȼ϶ҪˣҸֺη
һЦĻȫ˵˳ϾҪһˣó֪ЩҲûʲô
ҧгݵһﲻݸ
ԭΪǵЩǱӪĵӵĻ
ò˵һؼխ֮ˡ
һ̣ԻǲмˣɱоԼ֡
һҸ棬±ӣס̫ͷľ֣ش֮
˫ţ֮һ棬֮֮ϣЯƥ֮
ݡ
ӭ˳
ЦˣԻ֣̩ɽǰ治ɫͬʱ˸ڵħԶԶӿС
Уͺһ̰ԵĺӣԶҲι
Ųħ
ں֮ƣ
ͷӿУ߲ܣȫ¡
꣬ҲҪһҸ棬ǵñ̫Ϊǣ
ЦһеУ˲֣
ˡ
֣գӭ˻ڵһꡱһֱӽ飬ȥƲֱӻ꣡


447 Ѱ
㡭ܣ
Ĺ󣬾͸оһɿµϢԭĵ׸е־壬ֻˣκ츳ͨ츳ͨûκηӦ
츳ͨǱˣֺǲҳ
лӳĵʲôΪλ£벻͸
ˡ
У̳һĹѹ겻츳ֱͨӽ崩͸
걻ɱһɲǣ˫ͫɵûԲų
ǰ񣬼临ӣкڣп־壬Ρ
䣡
̧֣Ųħϣȭȭ֣Ż걻͸˲䣬ֱӱ򱬣ʣһģȻ䡣
ָ𣬳￴˿Χȷû˿У·ء
꣬ΪŤɱ
ϧǻԼ
УһϲϣֳЦݡ
һ·ŻϷӣã·أصԪʱѾǵڶ峿ƻ˯󣬳ûдԹԸŷ֮⾳ƬԼŵơ
ĬĬصȴ˵ӿ˵ĵ
ϻһߣǵפ֮⣬𵴣һ׳˶ӰЯ޾ŭ𣬳ǵפأǵ֮ۡ
ţ
֮ҲĹһӰ֣ǵ٣Щȵؿˣôˣ
١
һ׳˶ˣǵǱ롯ֻɫޱȣǵӡꡯĻˡ
һüͷ΢ǰͬʹǰʢһߣ˵ӿˡڿгʲô⣬ţӦ֪ǱеĵʧһЩ
ܣ
˭ֱ֪ҡͷ֪һνǵǻʵʹߣɽʣɽɽǴʺȫٷУҲǰյִĿĵء˵ӿˣڽվУҲһº󡣡
ԣɽϤ
˵ɽ֮仹ЩʵģʮǰǵӵʱҲõ˵ӿʸǰϻһߡ
ʱ򣬽˵һȥģҲǻʹߡ
Ҳǻ˵ӿˣֻϧʧˣֻٵػصǵһΪǱĵΪǵھٵǿߡ
꣬һ¶СҲǽһ״ӡ
Ҳûʧʮ꣬Ͳ侳һأǰ뿪ǵǰǲ侳ء
Իʵ츳㲻ܳΪʵӣȻҲܳΪˡ⼸ǰ϶£˭֪ջĻ龹Ȼˣˡ
˼ǡɽɱģüʡ
ǡͷ
ü
׼ǰɽ˵
Ǳĵطİ׷ɱ֣κϣɽȴϤúܣرǵڻ˵ӿʶһѣȻûܳΪ˵ӣλȴΪ˻ʵӣ뿪ɽǰ˵λܻʿء
ʮȥͱǿѣƾʵĿأȻڻ˼ߵĵλ
ǵãǸѡ
С족
ţǲٿ£ϻӵĿ£Ҳǲ֪
ҵɽʮκɶϻӣϻӺһĺûʲôҲǳһЩ٣Ҫ˵һΪת档
仰뿪ˣֻһЦĹ١
£ºƾ֮⾳Ƭ˰ط֮⾳֮⾳Ҫأһξ롣
ﲻɿЦ
ķ֮⾳ƾƬη棬߾ϣȵس˵֮⾳
ֻǣȴףص֮⾳걬ط֮⾳
ĵ֮⾳Եơʼͼ䲻˺һеԣֻϧùԽԽ
Ȼֻǳ
ĽһУֱ˵ˡ
ߣ
ͻȻڳԺУһߣʵСӣҪһĵƣĴâͨУȻһǧϹʲôƨã
âͨ
һտʼûӦܿף˵ķɵͨ
Ϊνâͨ
˵Ǵâͨôѵ㲻ˣ
ң
ʱ̲סķɵͨǴҵѪҵڣӵзɵ֮ͨˣô˵ϵڣ
һʣô˵âͨ
ϻ
ֱԵԶʱڣѰƾĴâ֮ͨɱֶԸۣǬ½˭˲֪˭˲Ѱ۵ĺ̹ų㣬ҡҵϵǰ漸Ѱ۵ĴâͨѪϡԽԽˡôСӣѵ㲻̹ųҵˣ
̹ųң
Цʲô̹ųңһ֪
ɶλҲʳǲ̹ųҵˣȻҲϳķɵͨ
ڿңӦҲ̹ųѲ˵ĸϵǷеڣܾ̹ܿųҵˡ
ǣҸ֪̹ųʲôطҲûȥ̹ųǡʵ˵
ô˵ӦѪˡ˵
עܿתƵʿеѰ֮ϣʣղ˵ѰۣǸ̹ųҵڣһλۣ
Ӧһж˼ֳ羴һλǿߣʼѣʼ棬ۣҪҲĶ֡
һû뵽ǸѰô¡
ȵȣ
Ѱ
оͷƤЩ飬Щɵʵʣ֪Ѱ۽ʲô֣ǡѰ
ʻصҵǲֻ֪֪ˣʼ涼ǳƺΪѰۡҲһλǿߣâͨµۣۡʮ
ݺ˿ĭɱۡۼǿ߶ʮѰۣǿ¡
뵽ԼΪҵһλ۶ܣ뵽Ѱ۵ķɣ̲ס̾ʱܸѰ۵ʵ
ʣʡһܻã
ʡ
˵ʾǿߣɴǧϣʾǿߣɴǧŰپʮꡭۣߣͬ٣
ͬ٣
һʾǿߵѾһ֪۾Ȼӵ޾оԼþƽ
ô˵ѰۣӦûţ
ʡ
Ӧ˵


448 ʴ
Ŀһϣͬ٣Ҳ˵ƬǬ½ĸۡ
ƾ»Щ۵Ȼࡣ
ʣղ˵кҵĴâͨƣ򣿡
뵽ղʶ˵Ļʡ
˭֪ûûٳܿȥӦȥˡ
ҡҡͷЦֻԼȥˡ
ۿԴǰöڵ󣬵ڻ˯Ƕһ㵭Ѫ֪һʱӦòҲһ뿪
뿪ɽΧĴ䣬ҵһƫƧɽλɽ֮䡣
ΪشƫƧ˿̡
ˡ
̧֣ɵ֣ͨͬʱŷɵͨϣ֣
гֵɲǣһĻˣ
ֻɵͨмͬһʱţײһ𣬾ڳһΪҪµʱںһ
ķɵͨһӰһ̣ȴʵ绯ʵ
У
￴ŷɵͨڵĵһģһֻ״˷ɵͨ״
ģѾ֮ܳΪɵͨˣ
ΪѾǴͨ
ͨĽϡ
һķɵɵ

뵽˵Ƿ￪ʼԼĵ֮⾳ص֮⾳뻯ķɵ֮У˲䣬ɵΧַƥﲻƵϢ
ݡ
ɵ˲ֶ˺ѳգΪ֮һ𣬶ɲ֮䣬ɵֵһ̣ͻȻһЩЩͻȻҪ׽ȴѲ׽ס
ֻһδԡ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

Ҳ֪ԼķɵɳȥٴΣÿһֶˣ֪˶ãڲ׽һЩص֮⾳ĺۼ
ûƭңȻСУ档
ĿһΪ˷ܡ
һգоþͿԽ֮⾳ͻƵأۿҹɫ٣ҲԪ壬һжôƽ
ֻǣһҹȥڶ׼ٵƫƧɽȥ֮⾳ʱһƵݶ䣺ǵӣ山ϡ
տʼֻǾЩϤܿ죬ˣǴǵĻӣ۽׵
ף˵˵ӿ֮ǰñ
ôˡ
ң˵ӿˣƺнһ¡
Ȼ֪ʲôﻹ山ȥ·ϣ˲̺̺һɻʳ֪ʲô𣿡
ʼ磬ҡͷ֪ʹߴ˼ȻȥӦʲôҪ˵
ţǹȥ
̺ͷͳһ山ȥ山ʱͷְѪѾ˵ˣûѪϵϢƺȫˡ
侳Ͳ̺һۣЩȣû뵽ﾹȻһͻˡ
ǲ˳˵Ŀ⣬Ѫ˹˫ӹһ˿⡣
Ȼж
ǰɵͻƵ侳Ѫǣӵк֪侳ͽףԣûκв
ǰŸյˡ
һˡ
ȱһˣ꣡
ûڣҲΪ⣬ֻΪܳȥˣֻг֪ѾˣԶٳǵǰ

ʱ߿֮ϣµϢӶһӰ䣬˳˵ǰ
۽סҲǻʵӡ
ʹߴˡһ˿׳֣ɸк
׵˵ͷţĿһһɨȾˣʣһأ
ۿû˻شʣ˭ʶ
ʱ˳̺Ѫǣ˶վǰһ
Ƕʶ׿ˣʡ
ʹߴˣһǵǱĵӡһǵӣ˵
ǰǶǴǱġ
һǵӿڣԺ꣬ǱٮٮߣǱĽ
ǿ֪ȥʲôطʡ
վˣҡͷʾ֪
˭ٴʵ
ʱڳ˶ֲܷˣʹߴ˾Ż겻ţѵǳʲô£
ʹߴˣǰꡣһǵ룬˵
Ҳǰһǵ˵
ˣǰҲûм
¡
˵뿪Ԫʮ£û˻ʲô¡˶˲ԣɲǵÿ˶ԣİ
˭̫Զ˵뿪¡
Ϊ˵ӿѡεģɲ棬ԼİΣԶŵġ
ʹߴˣǲǳʲôˣ
һǵӣСʵ
㣬ǵĵɡһǵӣ׵˵
ڳȾ˶һɻʱ߷ƶӰ绯⣬̤ն䣬׵ߡ
ˣһˣһˡ
һϮɫ㣬㲻ϾԵӢȴζһ˫鶯ӣ˵һ
ˡ
ˣ
һΣŻǳ˳̺Ѫ⣬ǵӶ
ˣ
ԱߵĲ̺һۣӶԷпȡ
µ˵ݡ
ﻹãܲµǰ֮˵⣬̺е֣Գ˵Ǳˣ׶༪ˡ
˵ͷʲôֻ֪
ˣôˣ
ǱǵӣЩȡ
ˣҲǱ롯ɫ΢ֱԵˣ
ˣ
Ļֱһʯǧˣðڵ˶ɫ΢䣬Ȼװģɲϣʱ¶ʲôš
ˣ˵Ŀģһǵʡ
Ļ鶼ˣأһʡ
ǰ߶ʱĬˣѣζʲôκ˶֪
ιΪ˲򡭡Ϊˣ˻صĴӣˣ
˵ţֿߵˡ
˵ע˲˵ϣǶû뵽ʼƽվߵˣȻصĴӣųɽܱߣ֮µһ˵ġˡ
ˣ
ǵӶ񣬳࿴ۣɽܱߵˣãȴûôܼ
ҹʽĲֻĵӣҲɽĿˡΣɽĿɽƱҪڣʱзʲôߣɸ˵
ò˵Ϊʴӣ֮ʹ˳˼ѹ
ˣ
ͻȻһǵ뵽ʲô
˵
ǡˣˣǰһμ꣬ƺȥҳˡ


449 ˡ֮
ҳ
ǵӿڣ졢ͳԼ˵Ŀһʱ˳ϡ
ղŲʶ˵ĿҲ˳
һʱΪ˽㣡
ȥҹ㣿׿ʡ
ûз˵ͷǡ
ʲô£ʡ
ԳһЦ˵ʲô£ҲǿҲ˳ۣҼ䣬ʵҲ֪ںʹߴһǰɽǰǵʱҵһκ棬ʱʹߴҲˣΪҡ
׵˵ͷ˵ģǵá
꣬ȷʵԳ
˶ؿ˳һۣǵȵ𣬿ɱϾֻǵ侳ߣ֣֮侳侳Ҳ׾ٻܳ
侳۷ĹǿȣǶҲᳬʮƥ
һͨ侳һߣ֮ʩչĹǿȣ𲽵ġ侳侳֮䣬һΡ

ǱȻ˵࿴˳Ｘۣ״ӣС󣬻ƢһܲµΪλԳ
ֻǣ뵽һҲû侳ļӣȥһ侳Ҳɸе޹⡣
˶ã
ʡ
һ̶ӰɣҲ뿪ˡ˵Уӹһ˿ֻ
Ŀ⣬סȻע⵽ˡ
Ƕ
ﲻǻóﲻ
ûˣǻȥɡ
׿˳һۣ˵һ䣬˿ʼ֮ǰҪ뿪Ԫ壬صޡ
뿪󣬲̺üǸ꣬û侳ķȣȻ۸һ侳
ﵭһЦ˵춼
ǣҲ֪˭ɱ˻꣬Ҳǰˡ̺Ц
֪˭ɱģ϶ȾơҲ
˽̸޼ɵΧǵȻҲˣǶʲôǵڻڵΪҲǼΪݡ
ߣٲץʱ̤侳
صѪ뿪ǰһɨ
лģɱңҲûôסﵭصһ㶼ѪǵвϣʵҲȷʵϣһѪǺǰǣͨͨɱ
⾳֮Σ̺ʡ
аɣأӦÿͻ˰ɣʣѪǶͻˣڳ￴̺ӦͻƲԶ̺Ľ֮⾳֪ġ
ڣӦÿͻƣ̺һЦ
Ҿ﹧ϲˡЦ

ڳͲֿ̺׼ȥʱһ˷ӶһǵһǰɽʮǵУ˻һ侳ߡ
侳ߣΪ桱ͳＸûʲôԳʱٶЦݣƻһ㣬ڴˣﵹҲкøС
棬𣿡ʡ
һ̾û뵽ȥȻǰΪ㡭ԸҲ̫ϡ
΢ЦİɣȥˣѾˣѵһܸһ˼ƽϣ
ЦˣҲǡ
ˣ
뵽ʲôʵ棬Ǳͻʲôϵɣˣֻһʱ֪ܹˡ
ЦȻǵһִ״ӣԵ˶ԣ͸Ķһ
Ȼԭˡ
ҡ
һЦ˵ʮǰɽ˵ӿˣȻû˳ΪʵӣȴҲõһ顭λˣʵĴӣѡ
Щȣû뵽Ǳ뻹ɽ
졭
׻ƴӣɽܱ֮µһˣ׹һҲȷʵ鴫
ֺͳ˼䣬ǻصԼľ
֮£Щ¡
ҺǣɽܱߣҪȻһ˵ǻᱻȡ˵ӿˣҲһ
ʲɱǱҲŹ
һ£һʱ䣬֮⾳Ƭһʱ䣬ƣԴӾʵָ㣬ԷɵͨУƵٶȣһǧ
ʶΪȻһܱȵġ
һգԪӭһ׳˶꺺ӣȾŸǵټһˣ˵ǻˡҲŴӻԪĴе֪ԭ˺ʵǲͬĸ
ˣ˵ӿȡɼȴֲΪʵҪˣڳΪ˺ǻɽƽʱΪʺʵȡ
ֻʵӣʳ˹ϵ
û뵽˵ôӡ
λΪԲ˵Ľܣһ̾
Ȼֻ뷨̺ˣҲ뷨˭û뵽˺ʵӣ֮壬ʧ֮ǧ
λ׼׼պҽǰһ֮ء
ԲԳȾһͷնֱȥ
һˣ侳ߡҡͷһ̾
µˣ»ֻôһ侳ߡһ㶼ͨ侳ˣ״ˣΪʵ״ӣʵͨĴڡ
һǵӸ̾
ʵǲˣܳΪҲ˵ɽܵõʵıӻպҲ޼˸ǡ
һǵ˵
ĻҲЩ֮ԱǣõʱӻǣĻ£֮·ȻͣͲǰǵûκȤ
ǣܳΪʵӣұ뿪ɽǵˣû˼
ԣǱŴˣȻܳΪʵӣȴҲлΪˣûɽǻǵҵŴ˵ѡǡ
ͷβ

ЩǵӵĸпﵹҲһЩҲûʲôȤ
ΨгΪʵӣлӴʣпʾĸף
ʣ
ҹס¥Ĵϣ̽غͨʡ
£ʵ
ʣʣһˡｫԼĸ׵һһʮʣҲһλʣʵĴڣʶ㡣
ǣ
Щȣĸ׼Ȼ±ǣ츳ҲǵõλʵϿɡֻǣ±Ǻ伣⵹ЩѰ
ôѰʡ
ֵǣ뽫µ֮ٶЩϵʻΪԪûĸʻĵһֱ棬ΪĳЩԭʲûٳ֡


450 ػ޳Ѩ
ͷҵҲһЩ£ææžԼµıǡֻʱʲô£Ѳڡ
˵ĵڶ㵹пܣһ㲻ܡʣԶԼµıǣǣ±ǺǸõ֮ˣĳ䣬ڸס˱ǵϢʸӦ
ֵΪʣЩ֪֮ꡣ
䣿ڸסϢ
ȫ֪˵ʲôЩҪˣҲûҪõԼĸ±ǵĸ塣
ʣ㣬ܰĸôЩеʡ
һָʾȻԣѣĳЩ˵Ѿ꣬εҲ츳ͨʱڣһԻָ侳Ҫָʣһ򵥵¡
ʵĻóףҪϣȫڻʵϡ
ʣϾʣ
ˣ
ͻȻһ£̲סʣʣϴƾɱһ侳ߡЩ䲻⣬ʱȫлỽ츳ͨȴûѵйأ
ﻹǵãɱʱ򣬻Ȼŵ츳ͨıܷӦʧܾʲôߡ
Сӣҵ˸˵ˡǰ˵侳ߣ侳ʡۣ޷̺֮ͨܣѹ츳ͨ˵
ʲô
סˣǰʡ۶޷츳ͨ
⡭
оİأ·һصĴź棬ڣȴش򿪡
ҪȻΪʻΪͷʵͺһ
ͷﾪþƽ
ʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥˣƻûת˼
峤޻黹ڳ˯뿪󣬲֪ǷܽסʱճҲμ˵ӿˣҿԸԪʯһ磬ҵ˴峤һ˵ţһߴָȡһѼƷԪʯ
Ĵ峤ҡͷһЦ˰֣ǻʴ˵ĿˣҲǻԪĿˣֻҪԸ⣬ǸסԶΪ㱣Ԫʯʲôģ̫ˡ
ۿ峤ǲԸգҲֻգҾл峤ˡ
ˣȥɣ˵Ⱦˡ
峤ֵ
΢Цͷ̤նֱ山ȥʱԲͲ̺˶ˣԲɨһۣڵ
ʱһԲĴ£뿪˻Ԫ壬ɽȥ
ƽʱûɽʵӺ˴죬ǲɽ򿿽ģһ֮֡
һҲǵһοɽԲı󣬺ܿһƬɽȺԶȴظӦϢ
һ·ǰУһʱԲͣ
񣬳ǰһӴĻɽɽ£һͨͨɽ֮ڣʱϡԿǰһȺʮ˽˻ɽ档
ǵȵȡ
Բˣųɽµͨ档
ԲˣղЩҲ˵ӿ˵𣿡һǵʡ
Բͷ
Բˣɽµͨͨʲôطһǵ˵
ǽȥȻ֪ˡԲƺԸ˵
ʱȻţֹһʱʱ䣬Բ̤ն䣬ͬʱкˣǽȥ
ɽµͨڣоԼ·ȫʪ͸֮Ч·Ȼ޴棬оͺǰɣãһؿζġ
һˣûܵӰˣԲ侳֮⣬Ҳֻʣ³桢ѪǺͲ̺̺˵ǰͳɹͻƵ侳ˣ
˵ͳһǵһ˵ӿʸˣڣҲֻһ˻ǵ侳ߡ
ͨǰһڣӰ첻˵ȣܡ
ǲ̺˵֮ƺҲûãһǴ죬ȫ·ʪ͸
ĻƺһĻͬ
һǵ˵
û´ɽĻӦ֮ĴڡǷ𡣡
˵
Ļ˶Ŀ¶ɵ֮ɫɲʲôõطԽԽȣЩܲס
ɽĻ𣬲Ƿ𡣵һ㣬˵ˣĻ𣬲Ѱ֮𣬶һֻػƽʱ³Ļ棬൱Ŀˮɽֻػ޵ĳѨ
Բ͵ؿ˳һۣ漴͵
ˮ
ԣЩˮüԶˣֻػޣǶôµĴڣ
Բˣȴ֪ʲôػޣ̺ʡ
ֻػޣʴ˻ʵʱǻʴ˵սʴͻƵʾɽҲ͹ˣΪס
Բ֮䣬͸¶羴֮ɫ֪ǶԻʵĳ羴Ƕֻɽػ޵ĳ羴
ʴ˵
ڣһ˶Ĭˣʴ˵㲻ʣҲǾżżڵǶԣ޷ƥеĴڡ
ףǰǳڣ
ͻȻͨǰ˹ôظ
ԣüͷûɽǰĹ۲죬ʱңңظɽʱԿ϶ɽĿָơ
ߵ·̣Բܴɽڻɽλá
ɽڡ
һ㣬ԲʱǲʶʲôڡҲ˵ǳڣΪ֮صͷ֮Ļ档
Щ棬û£
طֱͨɽڡҲǽ˵ӿٵĵһˣɽ֮ˣͨһοˣûͨģһ̭
Բ˵
Բˣﲻǻʴ˵³Ļ𣿻ʴ˵Ҳ侳ɣôܡһǵӣɫЩѿ
ԲĻĮɨһۣѡһػԪ壬ȿ˽ͳһͻǰĵط
ǰɫ΢䣬ٶ˵
˭ϣԲĿ⣬һһɨˣʡ
ҡվǰһ
ֻǣ˱죬һѪѪѾһն𣬳ȼյĻ֮Уڳ֮˵ģֻһߡ
ԲĿ΢ԳҲϡ
ͷն
ţ̺Ҳںȥ̺ȥˣҲûжͣһȥտͨɽڵɭȻʱһָоͣһ㣬˿ܶҪ׿졣
ಣ
ûгɣħͬʱ֣γǿķʱȸҲʧࡣ
Ϸ
˫һԷħγһڵǵĻ֣ն𣬺ܿ죬Ϳ治ԶĲ̺
ǹ̬ġ̺ͷһ̾


451 
ķǵѪս壬̺ۼʶˡ
Ǹǵӡں⾳֮еѾ򵽾أԶʤûͻƵ侳֮ǰɾˣ޷ƿķ
ڣɽͨɽڵĻ棬ҲƺĻֵ档
Сģ
ͻȻ￴̺һ˲ӿŰĻ棬̺Ӧ˲䣬ֱӶ㿪һЦȥˣ˾һ𣬸Σա
ͷȥ
̺ϣʧڻ֮󣬳ſʼϳ塣
ԽϣȣΧħͷڵļ󡭡һ·𣬲֪˶ãһ·׽ԲأڿߵһĨ⡣
֪Ӧþǳˡ
ɽۣ֮
ٶȣּӿ˼֡
䡪
ͻȻһɿµף绯һ˳ϣϵħͷ˲ѣﷴӦ˲䣬ϵ֮ǣħħɾŲ㣬ȭϣһȭлͷ­
飡۳ɻףֱը
һСؿ˿Χ
࣡
ھɽԽԽʱ򣬳ߴըװͷ֮ϣ̧ͷһŷһˣϿգ
侳
ӦϵϢʱɫ˲һ䣬侳Ȼ޷֮ƥС
á
Ҳ˵ǻյĳѨɽǻʵĵ̣һжƿ֮УԼʿµһʱͻ֪
ֻǣ侳ˣӦһԽ뿪أ
ȻֻҪ˻һأ뿪ɽڲӳɽڡ
ɽ֮УɭȻĻ滹ϳ壬ҡҷҶЩɽڵס
ȥҪô
ͳըװڳͬʱϣµ̺֮Ż֮Ϣڳϣó̲סɫ䡣
ǿ
Բһ侳
ۿɽ̧֮䣬£Ҫȥ
Сӣһαװ侳ⶼ£
ʱߴ
αװ侳
ﻹһ䣬ĻѾϣֻǣħٴ˸ĻϣЩֻײ𻨣ûƿ֡

ĿŹ뵽ղʵĻȻԭһֻӵ侳Ϣȴֻе侳ʵĻˣǿڸɡ
ಣ
侳ʵȻ壬ȥˣֱӲ˻ɽڡ
ʱǰҲȻʣңԶ֮أа˵Ӱˣǳ桢̺Ѫǣˣʶ
ϲ㣬ͨһֿˡ
еˣԳ˵ͷһ̧֣µϯ˹ȥ
һǿߣ
ﾪȣ²ӦҲˡ
﷢֣˿Щȣͺóһ㡣
ԭΪ̺һȣ漴̾Ȼҡͷ
Ϊʲôɻʵ
㿴Щһͨ˿˵ˣʲô̺ͬʣĿӹˡ
Ŀ⣬ĸİ˵ϣ֣ĸ˾Ȼȫ侳ߡܿ죬뵽˸ղŵĻˣѵǺйأ
ʱȻš
һʱȥɽǱ߶Ҳˣ˵λǻµˡʡͨһֿˣҲζţѾˡĿǲֻͨҪԸԳΪµˡ
ˣ
һˣʵĻûһ·𶼶ûʲôȤ
λǼҪǰһվͨһվĿˣǱԳΪʺѡӣ
ʼ˵
ѡӣ˶һ⡣
ѡӣǳΪʵӵǰᣬѡͨһοˣԳΪʵӣûͨҪôΪˣҪô뿪ʽ͵
һԣ׷׵ͷǳΪѡӺûгΪʵӣǸڵĴûʲô
൱ԭ̤
·ϣɽµĿˣ̲סʵ˸ղš
ѾˣͬΪˣٽҴˣһʦ־ˡʶԳһͷ˵ʲô
ʦ֣
һϣûлΪʦ֣˵ͣ˵ǵʦ֣游´ˡ
ʦ֣֮ǰĿˣô£ΪҺˣһͨ
ʣһǰɽʮǵӣ˻ѾɱʣµľˣҲ桢ѪǺͲ̺ͨ˸ղŵĵһֿˣȫ̭
Ϊû
ʵ
һ
ɽڸĻˣҲѾ˽⣬ǿиɣ侳Ϣȴֻһĵ侳ʵʻ˵
ͷЩˡ
ֿЦһֿˣ侳׾ٵͨǶԣһֿ˾͵ġ侳ͨˣȴ١֤ͨ㹻һ侳ߣڲ˵Ϣ󣬶ǣʩչôխĵط˻ѡȴ벻֪ѡȴնµʱҲζʧȥ˳Ϊ˵ӵʸ񡣡
ʵĻóҲɳĬˡ
ʱٻ˵ĹһӦҲӶݣ˭뵽Ȼʹʧȥʸ
Ƕʵѡ
üӦÿ˵Ӧɣû֪һӶݣζʧܡңһ˿Ӳ侳Ĺûʲô𡣡
˵
Ц㲻ͨ𣿡
Ц˵ʲôѵ˵
һ˸ڽ󣬼ɽǰУʱʽܵǽеĿˣҪһռλ桭
һռλ棿
һȻЩ˽⡣
ʽ͵Ǹռλ棬ڵƬռλ桭Ƭռ䣬һƬ޾գλ֮⡣
֮⣡
̲ס𣬵ҡǹԪռ֮ǰҡ޺۱˵ԪռеԭʼԪ֮⡣
ʦ֣֪ռգһΪµĴڣ侳УҲʮ޾һߵĿռ䣬ôȥ
ʵ
ͨơǸռλУǿֲõĴƣΪֹѾꡣ˻˵
ƣ
һû뵽ƣܺգʵ˲˼顣
ۣ̺Щɻ
ۣǴۡЦ


452 пĹ
ۣ
̺ͫһǳˣҲǾﲻѡ
ǵǬ½֮ϣΨд֮ϣʲôۣȴǵһ˵
ԭνۣʵǴۣ
˵ĿУһҲ֪ǽ͵Ǹλռ䣬һѪȡɱ¾ĵطһ͸ǿ档
ˣ˲˵ӿ֮ˣҪΪλ˵ӵǿߡ
ЩʴˣԼõĲɣ
ҡͷһЦ
˵ͷ㵹˵ˣʴ˱ǺԼõġÿ꣬һߵĿռλ涼ʱ򣬽ҪΪʮλ˵ӵǿ߽УչһȷѪ꣡
ʮλʣ
˫һǸжǿ߽С
ʦ֣£ֻ⼸˽Ǹռλ𣿡ʳ˵һʱ䣬ڣ˶ˡ
ЦȻǣʱ򣬻λµ˴˹ȥͻ½Ǹλռ֮ˣӦн˰ɡ
ˣ˶һô˵Щ˻ٵģ
ǡ˵ͷ漴ֵһΣֻ˵ǱȽϵù֮ǰеĿˣеһֿѵģˣٶһЩ侳ͨ
ҲС
˵Ĵ£һһȼյĴϿڣϿȶ֣ʱ򣬿Է˷һӰӶ
ǽ֮ǰ˵Щˡ
ߡʮˡ
Ͽ£˾ۼҲλ˻һЩˣҲˣԶɽƾõ¡

ͻȻϿϿǿһӰƾճ˵ǰ
״ˡ
λˣǻӣף
׶˵˵ͷ˵ʼɣ
׻һ䣬һ̧֣һö˸źɫӣӱƳ֮УעֻĺɫҲ绯һɫߡ
߸ˣ̳֣߹ɸɫӣƬ֮󣬺ɫӾը֮Ϊģһѷ챻
һմƾճ֡
󣡡гһСһȣС˲䱩Ƕ𣬻СɽС֮Уϵתš
СɽСתΧɭȻĻ𣬽ڡ
ʲô
Ŀɿڴ
Ҳסˡ
򣡡ٴαһ
һȣСɽСȻ£ֱմ֮ϣʱһɭȻĻ棬ɫߵĺɫ磬մ·ʲôϵȻںһ
͡
һγһɫ˸Ĺڳ֮˶ܲµӦþ֮ͨһռλĴˡ
ڶֿˣûĵˣѡΪ˭֪ԼǷܻһΣɽаʮͬ˵һֿˣԽ֮Ŀռλ档
׵Ŀ⣬ɨڳİʮˣȻǣҪǡչȥʷЩˣܻģҲʮˡ
ʮˣֻܻʮˣ
ôţ˵İɣ
λǻʴ˵ӣ۽״ˣƬռλĴڣƬռλǣбҪ𣿡
ҺòͨһֿˣˣһŻʲô壬ҵʲô壡
˵úãҲȥƣ
һʱ䣬˶˽˶ѪվߣмǵС
ǿҪˡ
ٴ˵ڷҲԳΪˡ˷𣿡
˶Ĭûһ˳
ܺãԼʵš
ЦˣԶ߸ˣ˵ڣŸԼġս
ǣ״ˡ
ӦԸԼһȺ˷ơ
˵ǰһһ˷ƣǸ桢̺˷šսҲһγڳǰһöͨɫƣȾѪһ㡣
˷ֵ꣬￴ʵݸԼʱסˡ
ʦ֣ҵսôǵĲһ
սͨڣǳ֮ɫ˵Ķͬ
ЦȻͬѵãʴ˻õ侳߸侳߻һǻɱ侳ɱ侳һ򵥣ʴȻ·
Ȼǰǿĵ侳ߣҲ侳Ķ֡
ܿ죬ڳİʮ˶õԼʱֿˣڣ˵һµڶֿ˵Ĺ򡭡Ǳ͵λռ󣬻ᱻɢʮλµĿ֮˻һ𡣡
Ҫģǵõ㿼ͨƣһ𣬲УʱЩƻָǣҵ뿪ƬռĴ󣡴ӴϽƣͨ˵ڶֿˣΪʺѡӣ
׻˵Ѿвۡ
ҲµûȻơ
ϻ˭²ǲ֪Ҫô侳ߵƺǵƲͬӦòǵưɣ
ӦòᣬҿɲԸȥˣȥҲ

ΧǿߵĻﵭһЦǰҲЩһ뷨ڣУһֶͬˡ
֮µߣ˿壡
׵羪ףӵȻֹ
˾׷ſڣ侳ߣֳһöѪɫսһƬİλռ䡭ҪģǴöѪɫսҲ˵Ǳɱĸ侳ߣöѪɫսһ֮ҵ뿪·ش˵أͨˣ
׻һ䣬侳ߵɫ
ɱĸ侳
ɲһ׵¡
׵Ļٴδڵ侳ߣһöɫսҪٵõöɫսһöѪɫսöɫսһöѪɫս֮ҵ뿪·
ʲô
׵Ļڳĵ侳궯
侳ͨ˵ǵǶͬǵ侳ͨˣȻҪɱһ侳ߡⲻǹΪ
侳ߣɱ侳ߣ
ʱʳԼɻ
׵һЦһ侳Ȼɱһ侳ʮ侳أʮ侳أ
׵ĻȻɻ侳һ
Ǹط侳֮䱾໥ɱ¾սĵжԷǺɱ侳
ߣ
׵ͺһҽλռпʱҲ侳ءôģǾҸǻᣬϽ


453 Ѱ
׵Ļըף쳹ÿһ侳ߵĶУֳգٴ
ֻǣûһѡ
״˶ƾʲôΪʵӣ
Ҫ׷󣬼Ȼ״˶õΪξ
ǰɽ֮ǰģܳΪʵӣ

׵Ļ侳߶ָ˳ָš
ţ׼˵侳ߣŽ侳뿪Ƭռλ棬ƬռλĴһ࣬һЩغеѪɫսöǲͨƻġһռλ棬ɹʣ
׵ĻһЩĴҵ侳ߴСžš
һҪ˵Ƭռλֻһʱ䡭һûֻܳٵ꣬һ˽ȥ˵ǽУܻܿǰǿߣʮǰ
ò˵˵ÿһڳ֮˸еѹǰʮǰ˶ܻǸط
˵һ֮ʱûжȡ㹻ƣҲܱ棡
һΣѡһһߵĿռλս뷴ھͳˡ
ٴοڣĻһĬ
ܺãϣܳΪʮˡ
׵ͷ߸һͷ߸˷ֳȺ󣬿ʼָԼ˽봫ơ
һڽʵָ£Ϊ봫Ƶˡ
ǸطҪκˣҪ˺ҲһҪ衭ڳһ˽ȥ֮ǰѵ
úû
ۿƾǰ̺ԳһЦ
ҲǡҲ΢Цͷ
ಣ
ֵһˣѪһȣһ˴ƣžǳﲻʶ侳Ȼǳ桢̺
̺ȥҲֵ˳
һҲ˴ƣֻоǰһһֵͨ˫ۣȫ޷
ָоеϢ
Һûгãָоʧˣó˿ͬʱҲʼΧ龰ֻһȥǻɵһƬ
һ޼ʵĻĮθӶ䣬ڵĵطһɽȵĵط
һն𣬸շɳɽȣ͸оһƣ
ﾹȻôǿ֮ǰҲû˵
ܿʶطɽȫֱͬǵˮռһЩطᲢˡ
Ϊ˲̫֮ѡͽ
ȫ֮ͽ
侳ɱ䣬ԶˣԺѰޱ⣬绯һ磬صɳ
գûпһӰ
֮ι״ʯ
һЩʯǹڿУҲоκƵϢ
Ҳð
ڿһʯϣ̾˿··ҲȷʵЩˡ
ʣ֪ط𣿡һϵʡ
λشõǿ죺ףλսڻ𣿡
һ㶣λս
Ӧǰһλ棬ǵѰ緢֣ͶλֿٳġҲΪʡʿ˵ӵĵطû뵽ʱô꣬λսá
ʣ㣬طҿ𣿡ʣ֪᲻ʼӵ
㲻á
˵λս棬صľƣʡһͷֱܿʲô
ôȡ侳Ѫɫս
סˣɲΪûƾܺ侳⡣
ʲôʲм侳ʱҳˡҲܶûлֽˣó
ԣ˿ʵİһжˡ
ԣ⡭
ǿҲҵﰡ
˻ЩԴ˿еʯǰС
չȥһˣһ侳ߣֶԷʱ򣬶ԷҲ
һͷӣ˫͸¶ɫͺһõ޿˵Զ
䣡
ͷϣ֮ǣУ۳һ䵶֮⾳ͻ֮⾳ͬʱ֣ںһ𣬻浶ֱӶն˳
ͷֵ˲䣬ʹ֪ʵԶ統µ

ԹͷӵĻ浶ﶯûħֱӳ֣һ㻤֡
ͷЦôᣬͲ³ǸӣڿɵվԭأΪǱɵˡ
ֻǣǸֵЦܿˡ
Ϊ֣Ļ浶ն£û˵ԷֻöԷĺڽ֮ɫһĻֶ˼֣ﰡʱ𾪾壡
ֻϧעһ
ݡ
һ쵽µĶâӹӦ֮ǰֱӴ͸ĺ
ͷӵʬȻأｫָͺɫսȡ£ǰжȥҪٶȡöɫսһöѪɫս뿪ط
ڲǿУҲ
ʮȥٴһˣˣҲǵ侳ߡ
һ֮ǰĹͷһ룬ֱӱжϣ֮ûͱķɵͨ
ҳô𣿡
ｫԷָͺɫս󣬼ǰͬʱԳ
ɽһ޴ɽ֮С
ˣվһǵǰһ޴ޱȵľ棬ϵ˸š
϶ܿеϵãǻʵĴףһˣҲһӡ
׵࣬ԵЩɵˣָһľ棬ʣʦܣ֮ǰǸʢǵĵӣ
УһӣͬΪ侳صߣֻһ̧֣Ҫ˶Էָͺɫսߣˮ
׵ͷ
ǸӡҲ
Ҫᡭĵ֮ǿͨĳֶεӳɾŲ㣬⾳㲻϶⣬ȴ׻ɱ⾳򶥼ĵ侳ߣ
ɵ΢΢һЦ˵Ļ᲻켶ʩչֶΣպ̤侳һأ侳ͽ׿¶ûĶ֡侳нףҲδػܡ
켶켶ҲδʩչֶΡĵֱ֮ĳַ˾Ų㣬ǰ˱
۹漴ֿףʣʦܣô
Ҳüͷ΢ҵʢǵʱʮյʱ䣬ȥĹ硭ǲҲ鵽ʲô


454 һ
鵽ʲô
ɵˣǻʵĶӣ裬ĿƿףʦܣӣʦҲܺأǰɣ
һɨһۣҡҡͷ
Ҳ鵽ǿ֮ɾŲֶΣһΪѵצĵؼͽ似ĿŹ˵
ʲô
ԣˣ΢΢ݡ
ôܣؼ似ʦ㲻ڿЦɣ˵
ҵ˽׹͸ˣڿЦ𣿡ҡͷ˵
׹ʲôطʣĹҲܸȤ
ûˡ˵
ûˣһ㶡
Ϊһ⣬ջˡ֪Ҳֻһ似̾̽󣬷ֳĵ֮ΪѰһ龿
鵽˳ȥ˻򣬽¶֪һ
ǰɡһʧӡ
컯
쵹ûʲô
ʦ֣ҲܳΪǵʦֵܣպ̤侳أ㶼δĶַ̫֡ˣЩɵ˵
ɡ쵭һЦƺһ㶼ġ
£һ󣬸ʦ˵ͻȻ׿ڣĿ⡣
ʦ˵似Ϲ似׻˵
Ϲ壿
׵ĻͫһŴͣɡϹ壬һ˵𣿡
һֱԵƵᣬϲ죬üҲ΢Ϲ壬ֻһ˵˵ѰʱǬ½лвϹǿߡ
Ҳʦ˵ˣ꣬ѰۣҲϹǿС׵ͷ˵
ǰɡѰҲܣʦôû˵Ҳ̫ƫ˰ɣ辪ȵ
ֱĿǰľϣҲƶ
ףŮӡ
Ŀ⣬˿ľϡ
Уһžգ·ضȻʧɫľˣһϮʤѩ£վһʯ֮ϣ˾ȵĲֻգĽ
һˮԶߣֱӱһΪ
Ůɫս󣬷գʼնЯĮͻȻĿ⣬·ܴԽյɨһۣܿһ
ȤȤʲôĶһ㡣
ŮӣҲ֪ǲλµ˵ӿˡ΢Щȣʵ˾ȡǽͺһ㡣
ʵڳĿأ˵ʵǿ֮ķŮӣĽ
ɣ΢ȵ
ҡͷʦͬȥݷһλۣλһĿãϢĽһ۾ϳ
ҲǣһЩ۶δУôһСѾͷ˵ͷΪȻ
ŮӺͳǰеķóһߡ
ͻȻ׺ʲô
ô˵кϷˣΨ²ҵŲ֮ӷǹŹֵĽҲ֪ǸǿŮǿʦ֣㿴˭
쵭˵֪
λս
һ£һ侳˳Ҳõ˶öɫս
һ·أﵹҲǰǰ㷳ˡ
µǰС
ಣ
ͻȻԶһ죬̧ͷȥȴ侳һǰһ׷ǰߺܿͱ׷ϣչ˼ս
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

˵ʵһΣ׾پͽǰ߸ɵˡ
˵ʵһεģ
Щȣӡǿĵ侳߱Ȼ׽ʵѹƵ侳ҲǿױϾǵ侳ߡ
ԶһϮɫ۵ˣֵĺɫս󣬾ͷ˳һֱӶû˿ͣ٣ͺ³һ㡣
ۿӿնƽվԭأ
㾹Ȼӡ˵ɨ˳һۣԵЩ⡣
ΪҪӣЦˣ֪ôţΪں⾳ֶ֮˾أ
ԼšЦ
㲻Ҳǣﷴʡ
˼һöս˼ˡ˫гһߣϵ֮˲䱩ǣں⾳һ⣬ֱӶ
䡪
Ӳ˵ĹϾŲħ;Ųãûκѹ
ôܣ˿ǰһĻɵˡ
ǰ֮侳ߣ֣ɶԷһֻǵ侳߶ѡ
ܣܵģһҡҡͷԸǰһģܿ죬˫ͻȻһɫһ䣺侳ߣΪ
Ҳ侳
һɨˣ̧𣬷ɵͨ˶Է
ȡɫսʱΪ⣬öɫսͦġ
Լһ·֮ǰҲɱ侳ֻöɫսȴöѾɱ侳
ĺɫսƣһӾʹöʮöһö
ٵõһö侳ƣ뿪ˡ¶Цݣеսƶãû뵽Լôá
ǰ˰£ٴθӦǰһϢǵ侳Ϣ
˵ʵ侳ߣѾûʲôȤȥԸֻҪԷǣԸ¶ˡ
ֻǣǰĵ侳ߣԲô룬ֱӳ
ϢԽԽ̧ͷˡ
ֻǣһۣóﳹסˣ׻ɵɵվԭأ¶˼Ĺ⻪ɡɶ
ڳǰŮӣһʤѩȣƮƮرǾգͳɶȫһģ̳һ
ɶ𣿡
ǰһն𣬷·ûע⵽ԷĽֱ
ô£
ɽɽУΪкϷˣ˼ؿǰľ档
ʶɻ
ģͺֿ֮ˡֻǣŮԲʶٲ㿪ɣ
Ȼû˵üͷѾ
ھģԳţڿˣòġ
ۣ
棬͸¶ɭȻ⣬ÿ˳ţ֮⾳֮˲һͨ˻ӽ˳ļѪĽ
㡭Ϊβ㣿
毺õŮӣһʤѩİü΢΢һ壬Ȼż⣬Щڻ


455 
ɶ𣿡
˫͸¶ͳԣǰŮӣһʤѩŮӣȵˡźòֱǻɶ
ʱǰŮһλޣɶǽޡ
ϵѪʣ·ûκ֪ĿתضǰŮӣĿ⣬ޱȣ·ҪǰŮȼգʹϺˡ
֪ʱŮӽڳϵĽϵıϢҲ˼֣ü΢ɶ˭
ţһŷӦظоϵʹξѣԳһЦ
¼֮˺֮࣬òߣ֡
ҵӡĿ⣬벻ǰŮӣŮӣֱǺɶһģ̳ģ٣̬һ죡
֪ɶһˡ
ӺҳһŮ仹ޱȣȴڻļ
һģһ
Цʱõֹ֮ס˸첲ϵѪĿ⣬ɻŮӵϣӷֿ꣬ȻһλһģһŮӣּӡ
˺ûòŮü΢۾Щ˵
Ǹ̫ˡǸһ΢ջĿ⡣
ְɡ
ͻȻŮϰһ˷Ӻˣϵ֮ǣ֮⾳ͱ֮⾳ںϣȫעнϣų
֣ʲô֣һһʱûзӦ
ҪɫսŮӻһ䣬ͶˣһɫƥһЯűں⾳Ľ֮⾳ͱ֮⾳·ںһ
ݣŮӵĽĴ˺ܴѹо֮ǰǸʵ൱ҲԶŮӡ
ˡ
ûκγɣоŲħ֣ħں⾳ǣӭȥ
䣡ײһһʱ˵ĹƾУԭأ
⽣
ܿ죬͸оŮʵ֮ôǿֻΪں⾳͵֮ҪĻΪĽ
ĽΪ죬ܸΪǿĹ
ﲻ֣Լ֪ʲôģ֪ŮıȻŮĽǿǲһأ
ңܸоķɵͨʱԺԷͨȻܵѹ
䡪
һ죬ŮӼͬʱˣ£
ͣͣͣͣͣ

ʱһʤѩŮһȵΧ˪һе֮ϣıͨ
һҵзɵͨ۳ΣŲħں⾳֮УŮӶɲǣķɵͨˣ
ȥһͬγķɵͨǶ׼ŮĽȥġ
û뵽ﻹͦϧġ
ɽɽ֮Уǰľ棬費һЦ
ʱУķɵͨЯŸ֮Ůһһ̣ʱ·𶼱ֹڿжײһ໥ڲϵģͼֳһ£
䣡
ɵͨȻըŲħʹµĳҲŮ˳ȥһĨѪ۶Ŀ
ǳʤһһĻ׿ˡ
ţͨŮӵĺȥˣŮӱɣΪȻڳ֮ǰսУʶ˳ɵͨĿ¡
ͨƺʹ˵СѰ۵ġâͨЩƣһСʲô˵
̹ųңѰ۵ĺˣмѰ۵ͨǣˣڵ̹ųңҲҲâͨӵߣ˵ھ̹ųǼңԶƬʢ֮еһСˣӦúѰ۳ʲôϵ˵ȥ̹ųǣ̹ųҵ˴
˫΢Ҳ֪Щʲôûпڡ
ʱλսУﶯ˰ŮӵĲԶңңһ⿴İŮӣʣû°ɣ
ΪβɱңŮ˫̺䣬ʵ
ղ㲻ǿʵǿҶսƽ֡ҡͷһЦȻϣóŮһܺǿˡ
Ϊ𣿡ŮʵȻ˳顣
ЦŮӣǡƲˡ
ǡ˵ͷûзϡ
ܰӣŮϵ⣬ɢ˼֣ʡ
ҵһУҵҪ
˵ţ̲ס𵱳ɶڶⱩߵһĻΪ˾ɶȼΪۣһһɱĻһʹþƽ
ԻԸһеԼ
ɶ
Ůӿ¶ʹ࣬ü΢ʣģ
̾˿ǰΪ˾ң御١ֻһƲлǡ
Բ𡣡Ůһеı䣬˲١
û¡ҡͷ漴Ůӣ΢ЦڻҪɱ𣿡
Ůҡͷҵв㣬ɱ㡣
ﵭһЦһ̧֣ȡһöɫսӸ˰ŮӣŮӽסһɻؿųΪνսң
ɫսʮöǶġ˵
Ůһһ£ŵǺɱ侳ȡѪɫսΣ
áûκγɣһڴӦ֮ôˬ죬ȻΪŮӳɶȻ֪ⲻɶܶ࿴һۣ˵һҸ¡
Ůӣͺ񿴵ɶȻЩˣǳУ԰Ρ
ҽгôƺȻ˺֮Ҫ֪ԷҽܵͬʱҲѯʰŮӵ֡
Ůӻص֮䣬仹żֱ䣬Ѿϰߡ
ò˵ܺǿһ·ĵ侳ֱӳ֣ûó֣ҲǲԸܳĶݡ
侳ĿǰΪֹһû
뵱λսѾȥʱ䣬ԼĺɫսѾռȫˣһ£ĺɫսҲ̼롣
ڲľѪɫսһö
ݣ
ɫս󣬳ͱһ侳ߣ侳ۿͱˣԶԼʵεתҪӶݣֻϧûӳɣ˱Ľ¡
ԷöɫսԳ˶ԣⶼǶġ
üͷ΢˵ĵ侳ߣΪܳΪʵӡȻѾҪɫսֻҪǲ֣Ǿ͸һ·Σ
ԣĬƬ̣˵ͷӦ


456 Űɱ侳
ԭҲûñӦֻ̽㲻ԸӦҲ˵ʲô
û뵽ǣӦˣû뵽˪Ůӣôһ桭
ͱһǰҲһʱ䣬ڱϣɶеĶƽʱı䣬ҲɶΪƣɶΨԼԼ˵ǰŻ¶һ档
ƽǰ͸¶⡣
ʱһȽɶҲȻˣһúɶһģһŮӣһ侳۷ߣӵбͨǽ֮⾳ͱ֮⾳
ɶķ֮ͨ⾳ȫȻͬ
ɶڻţѾ̤侳ˡ
ɶ츳Ǽʶģɶû£ȥɶʵȻҪǿϼ֡
ɶһҵۣ
һʱյ£ѹ
ţ
ͻȻԶֳһɵ侳ӣ侳ӣҲ˳ͱֻǣңңؿƽദˣ侳ߵͷߡ
û׷ΪӦ˳Ҳûȥ׷˼ǰ·
ΪãֻΪԭ򣬺ܿ죬ͱ˵侳ߣҲһ侳ߣһ
˲ûǣǰС
ֻǣЩ£ܾģ侳ߣǺ󣬷Ӷǵȥ·ϣӣǵĿ⣬ͬʱڱϣˡ
գɶһģһǿǵգƽＸܿ
ʵϵıϢٲȻڶ
üͷһ壬ǰһֻǣûڣԷһ˿ˣλ׼侳ߣһѰ侳ߣɱȡѪɫսҲɣ
˵ӵ䣬żӹɵͺȫܾĻᡣ
˼ûȤ
ﵭɨһۣк˱һƹˣ׼ǰС
λȻǲԸǣͱǲˣ
˶ʱΧס˫֮䣬͸¶ɭȻɱ⣡
Ů˲ɱеģŮķΪ漸ա
һ˵
ֻǣһ̣ͫ׾飬Ҳעһı飬һݡĺ׹¡
Ӽˣɫ䣬ɵضų
ǶоղǴ˳֣֮죬ȫûзӦ󣬵侳л˿µֶΡ
˶һۣ⡣
ӣ
ҲӴܡ
ݣֻϧǽעҪԶһʤѩŮӶˣĽӳһâ͸һ˵壬ɱ
Ҳ̤׷һˣŲħӡ¡һ죬ӡԷðȥ׹£ûϢ
Ȼ˲Ҫɫսˣֻ˵ָʣµսһԣЩս˰ɡ
óﾪȵǣ˵ĺɫսʮö
Ȼɱ˲ٵ侳ߡ
ಣ
º󣬳ͱһ·ǰУͻȻԶдһХͱһۣӶԷп˼ȡ侳
侳ߣ
ûκγɣͬʱնźն֮˼Ҫɹĵطȥһ˶Է·ϡ
侳
ܿ죬һԼĪʮҵ˳֣ͣ˳ͱǰĿܿ챻иֳ̰֮ɫ˶øҰɱ侳ߣΪȡɫս𣿡
ݣӦ˵ģֻбһ
ֻϧĽǿ侳߱ȣǲ˲٣˶㿪˱Ĺ̰Ĺ⻪ʢֻǣһĿȴڱеĽϡ
ѵ˵Ȼ٣ΪԼ
Ҳ룬Ǳепܶÿ
ҽֻܵõһ˶ܵõһվԶϳ޷ԶЦſ񣬷·ͱ֮Ѿ֮
ͣ
ֻǣһЦȴſЦݣ̡
Цˣǳ
Сӣղž;㰭ˣŮˣ˶һɫһһڣɣ
̤նÿһ̤ϵ֮ͱȥڡ
һӵ˳ߣ䲢ս
Ա΢΢һЦˡ
ü΢ʱ򣬱ǿ
ߣСӣʱ򣬻˶ǰ֣̤磬ֱӳ֮֮һ·ÿ̶ĺ
Ҫ֪֮ҪȻԼôԵĶ֪ﵭɨһۣЦһͬʱͷ֮ϣͨ۳ΣǻӰһ
֣ͨһ㶣漴ǲмһЦͨϧʵ̫һ߲٣ȴûһͨӵߡСӣ㽫ĵһͨӵߣ
ǾͿûˡ
ڱҲھȵʱ򣬳￪ˣͷ֮ϵͨӰһͨڣʵʡһ̣۱鲼ֱ˶ȥ
ݣ
ӦϣҲˡ
Ŀһ㶣֮Ͱ֮۳ȭӡֱΪһͨ
䡪
Ѷצ趯壬ϵĽɫ֮䣬˸ųɫĹ󣬾ͺצſѪڣϢХ˲˵ȭӡ
侳Ĺˣ
ôôܣһĻ˴ڵأһ侳߶ԣͨҲô̬ɣ
ûκγɣͷ֮ϣһӴӰΡ
ֻǣ츳ͨעûˣצͻȻһϰ׵׵ľβһֱӽ˲ε츳ͨɢ
β£˵žȥһӵ˲䱩ǣһ󶯲λĵˣӦͱѪˮ⣡
ֻһöָ׹¡
侳
ͨ˹ʱ򣬱ĶѾʶ֮ǰһսʵ
µģʵͨ
ۿһ˾ͽ侳ߺɱǱޱȵ˫գҲɸֳһ˿ݣˣ˿µʵ
ƾ侳Ϊͨ׾پͻɱ侳ߣ
ͨɢ֣ɫ΢԰ףֻԼ֪ղͨΪȫڲٿأ޹ϵ
⡭
ɽɽУ֮£µӣǰеһĻסˡ


457 ջ
˵ȻԿǳͱ֣ҲδǸ侳ߵĶ֡
Ȼû뵽ǣҪֻ֣ǻԼͨͨΪһ׾پҪǸ侳ߵ
ǰһĻЩ¡
ܿ죬ͬʱףҡҡͷҵ̽ʱ򣬽ΪѹںһΣǿеҵĹͨʱҲֻ˵
û뵽ͨô£䣬˼ɵǵһμôµͨȻԽһȼԵУ
侳ߣɱ侳һߣת˲֮䣡
Ǳ˸˵ҲţҲС
ͨƺЩͬɾﲻͬ˵
üͷ΢壬
˵̫ˣ˵
Ļõ׵Ĭϣʦֵˣڳϴ˹ʶ
ͬһʱ䣬ɱ侳߾ģֻˡ
ԭһƬѩصĵطڱԭߣһ겻ڵıЩ֮ڣһµĽ
һһɢűϢŮӣǰľ棬һʧ
ˣҲͶʮ塢꣬һΪ侳˵ãȻôµͨ
һŮӣͺһ
û뵽ʦôǿǰһѾʦڶΪӵλսȥ֣ܻȡѪɫսϾԸȥ˺ҲȷʵΪһŮ̾
Ƕˣʦòֻҵ˺ҵһС
ǷûУС￴ʦõĿ⣬ܲһ㣡
ҶСһﵹǸȤˣҲ֪ʦûдС֪ǲĸʵĿˣλá

Ů䣬͸¶ݣȻѾڶĵӡ
֮ԳλսΪҪ֤Լ
ǰطգطȴЩѹ֡
ƽĴһƬ󣬶ںһγһ֣׵ĺˮ׳һƬյشûһˮ
վںף̧ͷһԿȺȥ
֮ڣһȺȻ
һȺ̨֮ϣΧһ𣬿һֵľ
Сӣǵ侳ߣ
ǡ
˼飡

λսУﲢ֪ԼΪܶ˫۾ɱ侳ȡ˶ԷָѪɫսֺк˱һ߰ɣ
ŷӦųĿ⣬Ϊӡ
ţ
̧֣Ѫɫս˱
˭̧֪֣Ѫɫս˳ɱģһöѪɫսšһöٸҡ
ﵭһЦҲС
һ·ҲʶֻǱ䣬ˡ
Ҳûʲô뷨ԷȻɶһģһɱϾɶҲṷѪɶ
εùˣͱһ·ǰУʱ䣬ûһ侳ߡ
侳ߵһЩ඼ʶȤÿˣΨһЩԼȽŵĲŻǳͱֻǣЩڶѾˡ
κһˣڵ侳жԺߣ˵һ
ǰ¹ȥͱڿϣ
侳ߣ侳ߡ
Ÿ侳ߣԶӶ˳ˣǲûж˳֣˷룬λҪ϶һЩ侳ߣһɱ侳ߡ֮ǰ侳һʱӦò뿪ϣ϶һЩˣһɱ
֮ˣһʮӡ
侳
ͱһۣӶԷпһ˿ϲ侳ߵϢˣһ
ʣ侳ĸ򣿡΢Цʵ
ֻǣ﷢֣ʳ⣬Է˾;رΪ׵ӣ˵λûг⣬Ǳˣ͵ûλ
˵ţӾ׼뿪
ֵˣǾˣֻˣѵǾͲϵõɫս
ɫս
˶ЦˣΪ׵ӵ˵˼ڲȱɫսȱѪɫս
Ȼԭֻͱ˺ɫս
ǿԼ롭ɱ侳ߣѪɫսη䣿ʵ
˭ɱģ˭ãֱԵͬʱ˫֮¶ŨŨš
ͷ˱һۣΣ
ġӦһʼոڳߣҲȥ࿴һۡ
˵˼룬Цˡ
ֵǺø
Ϊ׵ӣ࿴˱һۣЩĽضԳ˵
ֻǵһЦҲû͡
ôǻҪˣ￴˻׼ȥ˼룬һ㶡
ȻЩˣ侳ġ
Ϊ׵˵
˫ֱӴطֱȥ侳ɡаգ
ĻԲš
ˣǺ죿
һ㶣漴صҲ죬֮ǰİˣֻǱֹ׼һͬԸ侳ߡ˵ҵĺɫսˣǵĻҰæġ
ô˵㲻Ƿǣʡ
ȻӦʲô
߰ɡˣȥ˵Ǹ侳ߡ˵
㣿Ȼš
ƼﵭһЦ
һɣ˳Աߣ󿴵ȡĶʱͫ˲һĶǱʲôһöѪɫս
Ѫɫս
˵ģӵĺЩˡ
ȻȻΪģﵭص
˼ǡҸߣǰˣӳĬƬ̣ʡ
ǡֻҪȥ侳ߣҪ֣ԽǣңֱӷֵһöѪɫսǲҪ˷ʱһȥұ侳ߣ˵
ò˵ĻջϾûԸһȺ˷ʱ䡣
ǰԼͨķʽõѪɫս
ĿԣӻЩţϾ侳˵ɱ侳ߣ̫췽ҹ̷
ǶһΣֲԿң侳߸ȫԲֵܷĵطֻҪˡ
ջӵĺЩ١


458 侳
ҴӦ㣡
վûֵܵסջ󣬶ԣֻǾ֮ͣɾͿˡ
Ҫ˵һ𣿡ﴫʡ
ǰһ˶Ǵģ˲֪顣
ԣһˣλҿ²ܺǼȥˡǸ
˵꣬ҲʲôӦԳ˵ͷҲк˱һ˾һ׼תȥ
ֻǣԲˣΧס
һ˿ӣüͷ𣺡ʲô˼ǴһﶼټģҲֻ֪侳ʲôط뿪ˣǾһк壿
ǣ˵һȥҹˣȥɱ侳ߣȡѪɫսģ
Ҫһ˵

ˣԶЩ
ɫܿѿҲ˼ǻóڣҵǣԴǼ壬ҷֺҵǵеĵһʱҵĺɫսˣĸĺɫսûͣ
Щһ𣬵ĿǰΪֹ˵ǵظ
ɼȻ֪侳ߵڣΣҲҪһȥҡԼԶʳûţ
һӼ
Զʳ
ԣʱЦ侳ڣҷֵģǺθɣҪԶʳҲֲۺ졭Ҳ˺Ǻüɢɣ
֪ʵǿЩУ۵ûһܱȵ㡭ڣúÿǾˣаˣ
һĿһɱȻ
ǿЦŭЦû뵽Щ˻Ը뿪
㲻ԸһҲԣȥ侳֮ءֻҪ֪侳ߵڣ뿪
˵
ǡǹ̰ĵģЦ
ȻҪһȥǰɡﵭһЦ˵
һ㶣տʼûӦʲô˼ֳŵһĨЦʱȻ򡭡
ãǼȻȥұȥֻǣΪܳ𣿡һٴθ˰һλᡣ
ģֻҪ֪侳ߵڣûȥǡȻҪһѰˣҲƤ㣬Լȥˡ
һ˵
û㾪ǣ
ӵĻˣǸʱѡ
ͱһǰ濪·˸侳߽һ·߶ȥ
º
ǰˣǹȥʳʱ䣬ͳﵹҲˡ
ţʱߣߣǣȻ侳ߣǺúȥЦôİˣûκκøС
ˣǰǷֵ𣬻һ
ڡ
ǰ·κǺеĳȴܸоĽţĵĽš
ҲǣǱϾ侳ߣһ
һһʯϷɹʱ˿ǻڱչء
ʲôطʡ
У֪侳ߵľλú󣬳кͱһӰ˲仯磬ֱԶ䡣
ܿ죬˵ξûʯ֮УҲԲ׽
ܣ
İˣæ׷ȥ˵ͬʱֶ£ҪѰ˵Ӱ
䡪
¡¡
ڰ˸侳ɨ˲䣬ʯ֮УɿµϢ˲䱩Ƕѻһĺʯǿը촷ۣ
ͬʱӰ֮УŰ˸侳ߡ
侳ߣ
ɫ˲䣬ʶǰһжǾ֣ľ֡
ǹȥȻʯУǱ侳ǲ֪侳ĵطȻǡ
˸侳ǵġ
һӣڣڸߵһ侳˵
ಣ
侳߱Ƚϸɴ࣬˵һ֮Ű֮һ貵ĽâɢĲʺ磬֮侳߾
ʣµˣɫ䣬ɢӴܣ
ʲôЦǾˣ侳춼
ӣ
ûֵǸ侳ЦˣһʧԭأٴγʱѾһ侳ߵȥ·ϡ
䣡
侳ɱ侳׵ڼݡ
ݣݣ
âӹʴִ侳ߵ
ʣµ侳ߣ׵侳߸Գǰ֪ԼˣʱͱˣλˣʮһģˣһԿϷ
ǰλˣǴɱǵġ
ĬЪ˹
䣡
ݡ
侳ɱǺ󣬶һۣ嫵ϯܿͷˡ
𣿡Щ֡
ǲˣȻǳͱ侳ֵʱ򣬶㵽Զȥˣܹǵ̽顣

ͱ侳߽ǵβͺҲûټأն
ţ
ľɫգ侳΢΢񣬵˺ַܿӦ˹һ˵Ǵǵģ
ΣΣﵭһЦΪ⡣
侳̬һʱЩ㵣Ϊıʵ̫ˣղǰ˸侳߼ǣֻо֣侳ߣȴ޿֡
ѵ侳İ֣
˵ͬʱɨΧҪġˡ
񣬾ʯּԶ֮أһĿԻɱ侳ӦÿԣһöѪɫսġ
ʱ䣬Դ
ʯ֮Уۿ侳ߵǳֺ󣬾ûֹͣﲻɾúЦ̲סǣˣǾˡ
ϧǣ侳߸ͲųҪҵڰ֮ˡ
ܿ죬Щʧȥԡ
ɱˣǺ˲֮ζɵĳǸ侳ߣ䣬ѵ˵ôĻ
šһҲϿ
˼ͬʱ֣һһ
ս侳ߣ˱һ˳

ͺһͱһʱͻһ
ۿ侳ڣȻ֮䣬ͷ֮ϣһצӰѶ䣬ųУצʵצأ
ͨ
侳߶ЩȣĶȴû˶ͣ
ಡ
צˣϽ֮ĳɫҺ壬ҫ£ԣβĴ֮շ·Ҫѣ


459 ù
ಣ
צβһ𣬻գ˲ýǸ侳ߡ
ͨΣ侳ѣУϣ
ý侳ӹһ˿⣬нϣ֮ͽ֮һնһӭצβҽգԽ
ݡ
ƿһ·̺˺һеơ

ңԶ֮վǰͲסһ̽ϾҲųͱȥҲ˵а취Ը侳
ֻǣڿһ侳߶Գ֣ɫ
ȻӵͨҲȣɵ侳߾ͨҲܵס侳ǿ֮
ô֣
ֱʱûгֵĴ㣬ɫһѾ׼ʱˣһﱻܡɱһʱӶݡ

β£һɿֲƣڻӽ侳ϣ˲䣬ɫ䣬Ƿʲôµһ㣬һܣ
䡪
βˣһ侳߻ӳĽ˲仯촷ۣ֮ͽ֮壬һ̣·ʧȥκá
ֻˣβӳ󣬸ϡ
նȻһ
䣡һ죬·𶼱צβգʱԭȥڵǸ侳ߣ˲䱻µĩѪˮڿţ̻һ㡣
ڳ֮ˣ˱һƽɵˣǰһĻôеȫһֱˡ
Ǹ侳ߣֱͨӱˣ
ɣͨΪһˣǲǳ֮ΪǳΪҲڣͳһ·϶Ӱġ
ڣͨӵǲһǿߡ
ýǿֱӱɱһ侳ɫ䣬û뵽Ǹ侳˿¡ڣһʱľ侳ߣʵʵ侳
ʵҲͺԼͬ൱ͬ鶼ɱ̲ס⡣
ӣ
ȻЩȴĵһͷ
ӵͨˣܿġȻͷ˫һ֮ȫԶӶݡ
ֻϧעˡ
׳Ѷצ˲ӵΧӴ壬ȥ·Χס
ߣ
侳ɫһͺһһ𣬸䡣
ҪӵӶݡ
ţƬʯֵĸӵΣа˳ϵİ롣
ֻǣСצĿ£צ䣬βͺǻһ㣬ת۾ͷ֮ϣͫһӦɲǣͺϡ
䣡ڶ侳ߣi˵һ侳ߵĺ󳾡
һ侳µָٴζˣڶ侳ߵָҲ
ʱצɢɫ΢ף
㻹ðɣʣ仹Ǽű֮⣬ȴ˼ֹġ
û¡ҡͷֻǸʵĽ࣬ԲȥǵģΪ˲ģͨڣװԼڲͨ
İǸɵˣ
ҲˣһȻû뵽ƾһ֮ͽ侳ߺɱˣڣΪʵ侳ߣֻΪ
ӱȡöָȡöѪɫս
ȵؿ˹
ģ̧֣Ѫɫս
ֽסϸֳһĨЦݣлˣ
ġһöѪɫս˱ͷѵõ˵һлл
Ҿȸˡ
õѪɫսһЦնȥԶɶݶȥ׼ѰǴȥˡ
䣡
Ȼɳȥ˲䣬Զſµϯ壬ֱӱһɴӡƬѪˮɽһöѪɫս׹¡
ʱһӰ֣һ̧֣Ѫɫս
һһͷѩɫˣһ侳ߣܳҲǺͳһʵӿ֮ˡ
üͷһ壬
ʱ׷̤նڳԶվ΢΢һЦģû⡭ڸղˣûҲֻףûʲô飬𣿡
ˣ֪Ҫʲô
ҳϣҴѪɫսҸϧҵ׷ЦˣֶԳ˵ͷҽС𡯣ϣպлټ㣬ر𣡡
һ䣬ͻһ⣬ɶݶȥûʡ
ֵˡ
ǳ԰ĵһӡ
𣬼Ȼûг֣һֱԹۣĿɱ侳һĻıУ֮ûʲô飬ɱѪɫս
ֱһ硣
뿪ͳһߵĻҲᷢ¡
һ޵Ԩ
߰ɡԱͷһЦӿնͬʱｫöɫսһöѪɫսȡ˳֮С
˲䣬ˣʮöսѪɫսָ£ȻΪһ壬һöɢѪϢƣڿУţƶָһ
ͺָһ
ʱҲȡԼսҲںϳһöƵƣָķ򣬺ͳöָһ
Ǳˡ
Ц
˵ͷôλսˣҲΪ⣬Ȼףһж鹦ߵӡ
ȡɫսûʲôѶȣѪɫսܶᵽ
룬Ҫʦִȥ
ֱӣһж˱仯
һصˣռս֪һ侳ߡ侳Ϊ侳ȴһۿ͸
Է侳ߣʵֻռЩơ
뵽ܿҪӷֵ֪ΪΣȻһ˿ᡭһ˿Ȼһţľ
ʱãӴһеĸо
ǰԼĸо
û뵽ôͼսˡ
ɽһɽУ΢΢һЦ
Ǹӣֻǵ侳ɱ侳ͷ
ȥ
׶뿪
ͱһ·˸տʼһЩߣʮ죬ûٿһˡʶطǴӦòԶˡ
Ĳ²Ҳȷģͱ˼գڿλսһͷ
λսľͷֻһۣóԴĵ׸е𺳣ҿ϶ǵһμĳ桭ǰĿƻƬ٣ͨ3DIMAX侳ĸоȴȫͬ
ߵıҲòȥ
˪գż֮⡣


460 ͨ
λսľͷһѤӣֱͨʣ£ͺһǿߣµĹɫһΪ
Ժðһͷ
ٵأ
һӣͺǱǿ˺γɵһ㡣
ӺޱߣһۿͷһۿβضʥĿࡣ
վڳߵıܿͷ˳ĲԣѾȥƬ̣˵پҲ÷Ӧˣȴ֣Զɶ칤ӣ˴ľ
ͻȻڳϣһɷƥĵ֮⾳̲ס˼
ɵ֮⾳·˺һУ
֮Ľ֮⾳ʤ֡
Ȼͳｻ֣֮ǰչļսδüȥע⾳ص㣬һ̣ȴظӦˡ
Сӣֱˣ⡮ܽ򡭡Ҳ֪ʲô
Ժһʵ
ڵĳʵĻ
ʵһ̣Ҳ֪Լʲô£ڿǰɫĻһΪѤʱһʱðͷ˺죡
ʱӴĹ켣֪У·֮һĹ
Զһ˸ŲͬĹ⻪
ЩԱߣվһ侳ߣڸµˣػĴƣͨǸ֮صĴơ
ԶһһŮĳ֣ȻҲǵĿ⡣
Ǹԭأ·һĸҲɱˡǵУЩ´˽꣬Ҳû˵λս
ǿǬ½ġ
ǻٶ˽⣬д˵ʵһλǿƾ֮˺ѵġȻֻһ˵ΪɶյҲɣԣΪ
Σ쾹Ȼǰһ˵顣
ɽ
Ͽ֮Уֱһ̣Ѿ͸˴ƣλս
ֻǣһ֣λսеĴƸ
ף
ʱػڴԵ侳߶ϳףɽӣ۽ס
ţ
һ֣ͿԶĳܿʶǽһֶ̧ͷߵѤӣҲһʱҲ¶˾ݡ

ʱΧʼֳһЩ·ƾճֵһ룬Χ壬ϵתš
ڵĳʶȴǻججԺϵظһͬĻ桭
Уһΰ׳˶ӣ־پ޸£
¡¡
˲䣬ǰһƬ类˺γһɫĺһƬҲһΪ޾ĺڰ󲻶ϵܱ䡭
ܱʲôԼ
Ϊʱ򣬻ظˡ
ظ׳˶µľ޸տʼûûдпʲôɽأȻ׳˶ӵľ޸Уһֹ
׳˶ӵľ޸·ҲЯŷƥɴݻơ
һ㣬Ǻĵ֮⾳Ϊƣ
֪䣬оԼص˵֮⾳׼ȷ˵ƵʱǵãǸʱҲһϤɵͨʱ
ǵãʱڼŵǸɽȪԣҲ֮ء
һ̣оһз·صԭ㡭
λսͷ
е˿״̬ǹģΧγɵĵһСڳ֮ˣҲֻ׺ͱϵóЩͳ츳ͨһģһ
䡪
ͻȻͷһһɺޱߵϢ˲һӰ𽥵ڳͷ۳Ρ
Ӱʱһ˸ߣأСɽСֻ˾޷С󣬾ȻҪͱƣҪ桭
ޱߣ޾ϵľһ侳ߵͷ˶ɵˡ
׺ͱ
ʲô
һ࣬µˣɵˡ
츳ͨ
Ӧ츳ֻͨǣʲô츳ͨ

һˣǵһμôµ츳ͨ
סˣϣ·ڻ˼ֳ֣˿˿Ȼ֮⡣
츳ͨǰɵͨͨڳͷͨȴǵһμֻͨһۣܸоĲ򵥡
˿µƣȻǱǴ˵еҲǲŶðɣ
»ˣ
ԺУʵѹֶͳ
ڸͨں󣬾ͷǱڳڵһ츳ͨ츳ͨ̽ȴԼ͸
ֻˣ츳ͨһļµĸо
ʶⲻһ츳ͨԶԶͨͨһĶ֮ͨϡ
Ǹʱʼ֪ﲻ򵥡
ҲǺΪλԭϧķѺò׺ͨϵһЩͨų⣬ӳںϵʱ䡣
һУΪͨ
¡¡
ʱؿͨӵײ㵽ߵľŲ㣬˲һɹϲɣЩڳ侳߶оѹ֡
䣡һ죬ͨŲ֮е·˲͸
ı֮㱻˳ȥ³һѪɵؿųͬʱ¶һ˿С
ǿ
һһĨЦʶȥС
Ȼͨӵߣ
ͨӵߣû˵Ǭ½ǰֹ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ܿ죬ڳ֮ľһĻˣǷ֣ǸͷֺͨԶɫһΪѤӣȻ͵һ·ڻӦ˵ͨ
ɹϲɣڽʲô
찡ǿʲôȻˣҺ뻹˼飡˼飡
ҽܿһĻˣ
Ǹ˵ʲôˣͨʲôͨĹ

һԸµˣ׷ţʱǣ·侳ߵϣʧ̬עȫͷľͨߵϡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ΧһɵܿնΧžͨת˾֮ͨڡ
Ŀ֮£ͨ£˳ڡ
ˡ
嶯ˣ˫һĵâһš
øղˣ̲סÿĿ⣬ǲҺͳһ㡣
ͺٵĲһ侳ߣһλǿʡ
֮⾳
ڸղŷʲôǱ˶ĵƾͨع⣬һ֪˼ȫɱĵ֮⾳֮ϣ


461 
֮⾳أ
ֻˣظоԼ֮ڣ·ʲôһȻУһɵͨһģһĵ
ɫԶߴһģһɫ
ĵֻ֮ܲȥ
ʲôסˣȫ֪ʲô顣
Ƿӡ
ʱʵڳԺ
ӣ
һ
Щͷٺ˵СӣǺúʰµ̯Ӱɡĵͨ͸ӵʱ֣⣬ʴڣĵͨ
ʵóɫ΢䣬û뵽һֱصĺľͨʱ¶ͨĴڣ˵Խתۡ
ûоͨٶȣڵ֪ʲôطţվͼͨˣΪʵӡ
Ӧòʲô°ɣĴҡ
һĵͨȻʲô¡ĵͨȴǿԺͨκ˶ʶĲأҵߣҵһͷӶĵͨ룬ܶʶһ뷨
һӶͨ
һûʵɳ֮ǰʹƿ֪ǿߵֶΣǿ԰ͨͨĴڡͨʶ졣Ҫùˡ
ô죿Ｑ
Ӧ䡣Ӧǰ°ɡͳҲʶһЩѹСӣ»ࡣҪڳ츳ͨҸ
ЦЩҲ밡
ôҲû뵽Լ֮⾳Ȼô鷳ңľͨȻʵ죬һ̣ף̯ˡ
һףڲԹ԰ʱҪǽ⡣
û°ɣ
ǰѯʣ˼ֱ䡣
û¡ҡҡͷ뿪ɣսҲˣԻȥˡ
ʱҲ˳ǰ
˵ͷͬʱпյĻԭҡ
˵꣬תͷȥ˪˫ո˼ֺ
ܿ죬ͽһƣӰֱʧ
ڱûڴ֮ǰĿ⣬ڳϡ
˵ͷ뿪ջĿ⣬һ̣龹ȻЩʧ䣬ΪúɶһģһԵʡ
ǻȥ
׿˵
ǡͷ׵󣬾ԶĴƷӶȥ
ȻʱһӰͻȻڸ֮ϣ̤ն𣬽ΧסЩˣ϶˺ˣ߲ơ
ʲô˼ǵ˼λ˼
ɫһʡ
ףҪߡ
ףֻΪϣܸһӡ
ˣҪߡ

ΧסЩˣ׷׿ˣضų
ЩˡѲɶǸλʵĵӣ
ΧʮˣЩͷƤ飬Ȼ׼ȴҲû뵽λʻֱ˵λս
ڵ˵Ǻܳ㡣
ֻǣֳ㣬Ը⿴ġ
λҲ֪ǲʦ𣬻ʴʵӿ֮ˡǶʵɫ΢
г
һʱ䣬Χ˶֪˳֡
ǺڻʴԸֱΪӣֻҪһȥ
涻ʴˣֻҪһȥ涻ʻȫ㣬ָ㡣
ƻʴԸӦһ

һʵӣ׷׿ջųҪڻʵǽǡ
λǸҼȻˣ㲻ͶʡЩǰߣһЦ
λڿÿˣ
һɨΧʮˣųǰߡ
ףձ˴ߣ
ͻȻһɫһ̤նֱ׺ͳǰǴӲˡ
ôӲ˫һɫĻϣµϢʱ׼֡
ಣಣಣ
ʱ˳˵ǰ
ô֣Ц
۽֮׹ֻҪ
ֻһǴô֣Цˡ
ﵽֺôǵ£Ͳ۽ˡЩɵףֻҪԼ֣ײǵĶ֡
Ҫɽ˺ˣԼ˼ʵ˼ֵ
ɫһ֮׼׶֣
֡ϲľˣʦܣأ
ʱһȻԴƷȴ̤նΪ֮ڿڡ
ˣֻڳǰɫ䣬֮ˣҲǷ׷ɫһЩ˸̲סͺޡ졯
ޣ
Щ˵ĻЩȣû뵽λʴӻĳƺš
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱ￴鵭ȻЦ̤߶Уֻ̤һ߾ʹһ֮
Щ֮ڳǰͷ
ɫ䣬һۣ֮Ӷ׼Ӵܡ
Уޡ족ɱˣһ𣬶Х䣡


׼ʱһµ쫷磬ֱӽӶ֮·ϵ˺γѷ죬ҲҿǶסΣȻѷǱɣ
ѷĿռ䣬ʶɵĵط
ˣ

ˣҴˣҲס

ĸģﻹǿ߸еȣٽǳ׷Լϡ
䣡ֻǣ첢ûǣ¡
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ֻˮ䣬磬ÿһˮ֮УԶ̺żΪµЩˮХ䣬Ĵǿƴȫֵǵķȫ壬Ǳ͸
µˮ͸ǵ壬ͺǴֻֽһ֮ۡѪĽ֮Уһָѷ֮
Ĵǿߣȫ
ǿͫһ˵ǰֻ˵ǿǽǳ׵׵ؼʶˣֻ̤ͥŲĴǿ߾
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʵ
ʵ˳رڶġХ˺ѳһѷ죬·ĸ侳Χγһһ޷Խ
󣬱ĸǿߣһ̣ȻΪ
£꣬绯һֱ֧֧֮Ӿͽɱ


462 ټ
ӣ
ͻȻ׵Ц
˶ĸǿ߱ɱͬʱӳ·ҪԶݣֻǣ׳֣۽ֱ֮ӾͽЩˣ
Χʵӣɵؿ죬ٶֺ
ڣɻ˭Ҫ߳
ĮɨΧ֮һۣʵ
ΧһƬĬƨҷһ
һĻһ̾ΪǬ½ôʵֻҪʵǿʲôУû˸Ҷ
ߣһȺ˻Χ
ߵһˣɨΧһۣ첻
һʱ䣬Χ˶Ǹŭԣɵߵ졣
ʦܣߡ
쿴һֶۣԳ˵ͷһǰԶĴơ
ػƵǻµˣʱ棬ղŵΪǸɽ棬ΪɽµˣҲΪ֮Ժ
ͬʧڴ棬еʮˣ˿ҲԻȥˡ
һЩˣЩ£û뵽Ǹ޶ˡ
ҪסǸˡ
ذɣ

ЩԸµʵӣҲͨ뿪һʱ䣬Χˣ
Ȼ۵Ľǳ
뿪λսصϿ֮ڣʱߵ˶ԳһЦû뵽ֻǵ侳ʵôǿɵô侳ߡ
ǣ
ɻˣ΢λսΪȻǱ˿
ҽ裬׵Ķʦ֡˺ٺһЦԵ
΢΢ͷ
һ·뿪ʼնûĵͨҲֵװɵ
ۿ׼ɽȥ˵λˣڽһֿ֮ǰػԪȥҵ޻顭𣿡
˶һۺ˵ͷ׵ʦܣȥһˡ
ǡӦ
׻ﲻ⣬ڵ¾ǻҲҪõϾ˵ľͨκʶҪõ
Ԫ塣
صԼʱ򣬳ͷƻ˯һ֮£һžͽ˯е߷ɳȥʱ˯㻹
˭СӡҸղƷ˸ˣŭӳô˵ӿ˻ûʼҸо˯˺ܾˡ
ȷʵ˯˺ܾˣõ֪ͷ
仰Ǵ˵ġ
ͷԣһ飬Сӣ˵ô£
һһ䣬λս淢£ȫƣҵľͨҲ˵Ľͨ¶ˣƺλսʲô˹˱죡
ǰ;Ľͨ򵥣û뵽ǿʶҵ۹⻹ǲġЩ⡣
ʱˣ˸ڻ׼·ġ
ﴫ˵һЩɸͨϵתĻУвٵרҵԴƵġ
ˣˣ
˵æ˵׻ҡ
ƽеСӣֻ˵һ飬Щûסιι
ֱˣˣֹʱ򲻿ףɱҡֻ˵һ飬浱ҹ
ˣ
棬׿ʡ
ͷ߰ɡ
·ϣﻹ̲סˣ״ˣҪȥ
˵ȥλս֮ͨ˸ȥĵط£ʦӦѾʦ𣬻ʦǰټҲ˵
Ȼ
һЩΡ
ɽΪ˰ڻ£ȻΪʵӣûʳ־
ڿһжѾĿƷΧ
Ȼлȱһʣǳȴһ㶼˲ǰܻк¡
ܿ죬׵Ĵ£ɽģһǰ壬֮ͨɫǱ¯δ¯Ľߡ
ǰԿһЩ߷ɳɽЩˣԶˡ
ЩУ󲿷侳ߡ
Ҳвٵǿߡ
׽˰ɽһϿ֮⡣
Ͽڴػ׵񣺡״ˣ
׵ͷϿ֮С
￪ʼĴ֣Ͽ֮ڱж죬涼һש̱飬ޱȣֻǣطտˣǵһġ
Ҳ˵½п֮ˣǵһλսġ
ȴ
׸˵һ뿪ˡ
ȥ󣬳˿Ȼ׵̬ȱȥû̫ת䣬һ˿һת䣬ǲˣ·ϣ俴ӹһ˿⻪Ĺ⻪
ԺˣԶ׼
ϣ˵СҪȻͷȥʲôطʾ
Ц˳ڸɾʯשϣ
Ͽ֮⣬ף˹裬ʣô
˵һ糣
̾ϧˡʦĵͨҲܸȤءϣڽĵͨʦ书ͣΪӰɡ
ϣɡ׵ͷֱȥ
迴һϿڣվûнȥ
һ죬Ͽ֮ڣڵͺǴ׵ĸȴš
ָоѹ֣ܣ
ʣû취ʡ
СӣҲǸ˵ˣƾҵʵļ֮¡ʵżֲͷã̯ϳù£̬˯ʵڡ
Ҳ̫ѰˡЦ
һʱ䣬ת۹ȥ
ͻȻϿ֮⣬˶
ˣһɫ΢䣬·ѵͷңңŵȽĻʶӡ衱

ֻǣܿ˿ԭ費ȥʵģ󣬻һˡ
ˣóҲΪ⡣
̺ôͳˡЩȵǰĲǱˣǲ̺һǵһ˵ӿ˵Ĳ̺
̺ڽλսǰ²ͻƣû뵽ôͨ˿ˡ
죬˵һǰͳˡ̺Ц
ҡ΢΢һЦ
պ󣬲̺Ҳ˳Ĳԣʣǲǳʲôˣ
ҡҡͷڲ̺Ҳˣϣ̺ŵģЩ£֪ܱ֪Ҫá

ǰ¹ȥŵģ
ʦʴҪ㡣Ͽȣ̤ն䣬
ģҪ
˿Ҳ֮ǰǰˣ͸һ̨ķһۣǰ˾ȥһ̣Щѵĸо
ڵĳĸо

̺ȵؿû뵽ټʱһĽ


463 ͨ
̺Ŀ⣬ֻЦϣ
߰ɡкһն뿪ɽϿȣʱ䣬Ҳ֪¯ճĽһվɽ壬ʵǡɽ
ʣɽ֮С
ʣҪȥˡһϵʡ
ֻǣһ·ۿǰٶȻˣôһףؼʱӰ١
ô췢˳ɫı仯ʡ
ûʲôҡͷŹ۲ǰľڵӦɽˣɽ֮۵ϿգһȼŵĴ
ԶȴǸȵϢ
ۿŴȥɵˣʲסɣ
ʵ֤¶ˡ

̧֣﷢һϣ˰ڣʱҲʶϢȻ޴档
ۿ̤˴򣬳һҲ˽ȥ
ڣж졣
һͨɫĿе죬֮ϣһͨĹȥʱһӭʦ֡
ʦܣʦҪĳ
һͷֶԳʦȥʦʴˡ
ͷ
ȥ֮˶ԳͷһЦʦټʵӿ֮ˣȻܵõʦټ֮ҽͯ壬պ㻹Ҫһʦء
ͯˡͯ˵ͷʶ֪ͯԼ£ҪȻ¾Ͳ˵ˡ
ʦ֣
ڻ롣
ͯ彫˴ĿеϵĹһǰһĻóΪȣһ˵ĹŶһ
ţȴһֱȡ
ͨ
ͯ΢΢һЦʦǸƫСֱӽȥͿˡ
ͷһǰС
ߵúϵϵʣؾͷ֣ʺ񳹵伣һ㡣
ֱȾͷһƫյĴſʱﻹûϵʣʱĶͷʼðŻ߰ݼʡ
˭֪ȴʲô
ûס
ȻˣΪβʱһʮ洫ֱĤóЩͷۻ
¡¡
ͬʱƫĴҲǱһ֮ǣŴ򿪣Ĵţ·ӭӳĵ
Ǹǻǻ㲻ڽһϵʵͬʱҲ߽ƫ
ƫ࣬һЩαڻ֮⣬ûһųɫĺ׳˶Ӱվһڻǰȫעؿűڻ
˵ȫע˺һۣڵһ˲ţ츳Ҳߡǳ
ʴˡ
Իʱ龰ڴ˵еʣһֱĴڴ
ԭΪԷǸ߸ϣģ˭֪Ҳͨû
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ͻȻ׳˶Ӱת˹ڳǰһòͨˣﻹܴεУһ˿
ǻʣ
׻⻰ʲô˼
汻˵ˡ
ﲻ֪ҡͷ
ҶͨȤһڣֱҪ⣬ûκιĨǡ
ΪʲôŬѹż顣
Ϊҳɾۣ֮䣬˿һ˫ӸȼɭȻĻ棬εϢ˳
ۣ
ɫ΢ľͨô
ĿǰΪֹľͨһĲ㣬ɾֻĲ㣬Ѿ޾ľϲͨһ㣬߲⣬Ԫٶȣ
ڶ㣬ơ⾳ϵɸ򣬻ǹŹֵξ
㣬Ϊռ䣬ĵطκ˶޷̽
Ĳ㣬ɹԪռУ֮ԭʼԪ֮
⻹ֻǰĲ㣡
ͨһΪŲ㣬㣬Գԣôϲ⣬ҲʲôףĶ򵥡
ǰĲܿ
һõĶ
ңľͨܺλսڿԿʲôšԣ۶Բ͸Ķ
һУʶǰͨһܱͨȡ
ԵӶ߳ͨһʩչƵǰߵ֮꣬Ϊͨһ֪ԭͨȫĸͨҲй
ʱ˵Ǿͨһ
ͨͳΪ˳еһ֣ԣԸᡣ
ʴˣ㲻ԸˣҵͨҲø㡣
񣬾Իʣһչֳİᾣһ̣׼ơȻˣҲδػֺҪһƴ
ԴУķ
ԭΪԼ˵ôɴ࣬ἤŭʣȵǣʻһƽ˵Ļ·һ㶼ȡ
ҲҪͨȡֱͨӳΪҵĵӡһⲹһͨ㣬ͨһĶͨͨ΢ЦһƽĽһ
ԽˣԽǾ﷢ë
ʣֱһЦ滢
ʴˡ
һĿޱȼᶨ˼֣Ҹղ˵ȷҵͨã

ڳﻰʱ򣬻ϵЦ̣µϢ˲Իƫƫһ㡣
ֻоޱȣͷ󺹣º񱻿һ㡣

ķħɾŲͼת֮ͱǹɻȵϢ֮֮
ʶ̧٣
ʵĵͺȴؿȵĻ棬ԻϷɳ۳һߣ˳ȻӲס
ʣʣΪһ侳ߣѵͲö𣿡
Ȼ˺ˣҲ˼ɣɫͺȵ
ˣ
Цˣ֮˭֪㣿
ɫһ㲻˵ȡҵͨ󣬾Ϊô
ʵ˵֮ǰֻǣ̫ʶ̧٣Ҫ֣͹Լɡԭ츳ΪҵĵҲǲܣϧ㲻еĶ
֮䣬̤ڳǰ

̧֣ڳͷɲǼ䣬ڻʵģȵϢһֻγɵУֶ䣬ѹ˳
һ̣ﶼԸоԼͨļ¶
֪ڳͨ
ʣ
ﲻһǸ׵ļһڻ
ڳﻰһɲǣҲͨѾͬʱһɵ⣬˲佫ڣ


464 ʹˣ
ͻı仯ԼһŵϢûݲһ٣ֻǣѾ£ѹ˳ͷããĹ档
ɲǼ䣬ɫһ䣡
оԼ֮ԴԴϵرĻɫգɫ־ͺ޵׶һ㡣
ӦֵɲǣֳĻɫ֣ɲǼһɫĻƣף
ʣڳˡ
һû
ˣǿ뿪ˡԸˡʵ·Щش
Цˡ
ŶԼĻʣǸֵʣڣ
ԭڹ۲ĻɫʲôͻȻڣһ㶵ͬʱɫ䣬˫һ䣬嫵ӿ¡
ȻЩֻԭĻɫֺͻֻ飬ڳӰɲǼʧӰ٣
ƣ
ɫѿڳʧɲǣڲǹϤϢǴƵϢ
Ȼ֪ôģĻʣؿֻʣǻŭ
ͯ壬ʦ
ѹֵݶػڹſڵͯ壬æӦͬʱ뿪ЩɻʦΪͻȻộҺŭˡ
ѵΪǸ
ʧڻǰٴγ֡ƾվͳڻԪ壬ľ֮С
ҹȻšƿ֣һЦ
ˣɪˣ㲼õһˮƣúûüͷһ塣ʡ
Լῴ𣿡ƳһԱߡ
һȥʱǱҲһһ̤˽µĵƣһ־ͽץסܽһơ
һۡƵӰʧ
ͬʱǽĴƣһƹ⻪ǣֱըһڣ˲ҷӰ١
ڳ̤㴫ơͻȻըɲǣɿµϢ䣬ٻԪ塣
һ
һˣɫ΢üͷ塭
죡
û뵽Сһﻹܴʦӵǲ򵥣Աߵ˫Щȡ
û˵˿ı顣ǿԿͦڵĽ֡
ȥǸһ򡭡ϣĴƣ͵ķΧɽΧĻʦҲǽҵ
Լ߶ȥ
迴ףһЦʦܣҿóԳеΣȻʦµҲҪӰɣ
׵ͷϱ߶ȥ
ԣ׵ȷʵΣӵʦʶͨʼϲġ˵ԳһֱܿãҪȻҲ̽ȥĵϸ
Ҫһ㣬ڳϣ񿴵˹ȥԼ
ΣΣﶼǱѡдɽģĳʲô£Ρ
Ͼĵˡ
Ǭ½һƬ׵ĻĮƬĮľͷһƬޣޡ
ͺһԴ
Ƭ޲۵һǣһСׯиŮ֯ΪƽСׯǰĹ㳡ϣϡԿһ޴ĵ
һӣףһŭ
СׯΧ滷ɽֻһ·ͨ档
Сׯɽ֮УһʮŮһưܵļ̨ǰ̨ѾãϡԿڼ̨֮Уĸ·񹹳ʲô
ΰ飬ĴڣүүĲɡУüĲ޸ǸСΰ飬ˣŮϵعڼ̨ǰĬĬؿͷ·ֻİһ㡣

ͻȻʱ̨ϴ˶ŮĿ⣬ǰһĻŮ״ˣ񡭡ˡˣ
ϵļ̨ϣЩĸ··˹һƸɫĹ⻪۳һԲ״ĶⶫŮǵһμһʱˡ
Ůܿͷ֣ǰĸɫ⻪۳ɵԲ֮УһӰ𽥸̶֣ʵ
Ľˡ
Ůȫǲ˼Ĺ⻪
ʲôط
Ů顱˵ˣͬʱӼ̨ϡɡ
ɣ
϶飡
Ů롣
Сӣʲôط
ͻȻŮֿ顱߻һֻɫСֻСܿɰ
ֻǣֻС˵
ߵɡ
Ů롣
ӻԪĴ뿪ٵǰİĻҲɵˣʲôطʲ˵ֻͨ˵ɽϵ
ô£
ʣһϵʡ
Ҳ֪Ӧֻ©ʲôôʧˡʵ
סˣعһžƣûзֱӱ߷ɳȥ˼̨֮¡
Сӡʲô
һ۴С
ʲôüͷһ壺ҲǸ˵β㵹ãĿĴƳҲ֪͵ʲôطˡ
ֻ˵һ飬żǵסӳƵطͺˡ΢СԭΪǼطģôƵĿĵط˱仯
ף
ǰһŭ塣
ٴˣˣʱȻط֣㶵վԱõŮͻȻǰƱ
̲סˣСҲ
ģŮһɡ
ȻҵĻ飬ơ˵԰ɣ˵
ƱֳĬ
ˣȾүүɣüԸΪūΪ澣
ͻȻŮڵء
飿
ɵˣһʱûзӦβҡͷСǲǸˣҲʲô飬Ҹһˡ
飿
ŮɫףиһĨ֮ɫ˫΢죬Ρ
ɣ˵˵үүôˣｫŮİĻŮɾͻƿڡ
үүˣúءŮ˵
һܿ췢ŮûΪֻһͨòͨˣóﲻɻˣԼʲôط
ļҲôûһΪ
ȥ˵
Ů¶ϣϲѣлл硣
λ粻飬ķʽ֣϶򵥡
ôܣ
ͻȻԺʾóﲻɻ󣺡ôˣ
ûûʲôҿˡֵ
ҡҡͷŮɽߣһ·ϣҲ֪ŮСüڵĴӽС塱ϰٿˣɽԴֲΪ
ü֪ɽĸ𣿡ʡ
ɽû˵üҡҡͷü΢磬˴㻹ʴ峤үүɣ峤үүѧˡ


465 
㲻ϴԶԶͿԿΧæµԴ񣬲ŮԴǶԼſ֯Ϲ񾲵Цݡ
ɨ﷢֣ǿˣҲֻ侳أ
ˣһΪûС
ﵽʲôطôоǳڵĶ󣿡üͷ΢΢ü֪Լʲôط̲סߵһۣҪƲףҲᱻ͵
磬Ůϴ΢Цк塣
Ȼų壬һʱĿ⣬·һЩ̲סŮСü˭
üѣүүġŮ΢΢һЦ
ŮĻĿⶼ˼֡
Ů뿪󣬻ǵ˽СüҲʵǿֻүүˣǱϴĶӿˣҪӭȢˡҲ֪ͷ߹ȥ
߲ΣСüǼ޶ˣϴû˼ϴ˵СüޣҪүү𣿡
ĺӣΪˡ

ǵ󣬵ﻹ˶С
СӣڻȷˡͻȻԺ֮УصĻ
ôɻ󣬲֪ȷʲô
СŮЩǸǲһֵ
һΪǸʲôһˡüһ㶼
ܿͻ֪ˡһ仰ٴ伣
ʣôϲӡüܿչΪŮļѾˡ
ŮļңڴߣԺŰ볨ⴾӵĴҲм֮ˣŮȥ󣬾߽˷䣬үүһˣ
ȿȡʱﴫĿ
˽ȥ￴һλϡڴϣŮİ£һ˫ǵӣ˳ϣüλǣ
үүǴ磬üβġŮ˵
ɵѾͷүүⲡԼ֪ûúûˣֺαضһ١̾˿˵
үүһ᳤ģŮˡ
˼ңٻʮɻֺαԹ԰أɨһ۾Ϳڵһˣٻʮ꣬Ӧʱġ
ĻŮϲ磬˵𣿡
˵ͷܿͷֻ֣ǵһۣü͸¶ֲ֮ɫ˺ôĿҵҪʣɿҲںδ
һڣĻ֪ǲҲգ˼ңûʱܵػѪʮûлȥķΡƽʱ֢״Ӧ㣬ܶʱƵϢУ֫ˣ
һһ˵ţŮû뵽ԼӺɽ̳Ĵ磬ֻһۣͿүүĲֱˡ
˻ǵҲɷһ˿⣬𣬵˵˵ЩŮ˵İɣ
һ¶Ц
үүˣüֻ˵㲡ˣûи˵㲡ŮæΪ⣬أ˵ϣҲֳһĨݡ
Сֵܣ׾ˣˡ˿˳һۣǸ⡣
ҲΪ⣬˵޷ڵѪڱΪһһὫķεѪзųֻҪĸо㽫ȫ³
˵ͷŮվһԣóǰ
ֻǣܿͷ֣λվſڣһֻ̧֣һƽɫĹ⻪̶۳һɫҺģǣүүүүؿڡ
һٿطķδѪ˳ʵΪͨİˣ׾١
ۣڣ³һѪѪʮ꣬ڵϣһ̯īˮ
ƾ΢޸һķεС˺󣬳֡
лˡ
֮Ҳˣæ´Ҫ¹
ȴֹε
лл硣Ůһм
ͷһЦ߳˷䣬֪ڵүˣӦкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ҳֵòȥš
ճţͿſԱ˯ƣһʱΪ
ʣ
ʣõʵĻӦʣܲﲼôƣصѹɽڵ
ʵҸӦĴڣ޷ôơ
Цô˵ıʱˣ
һӹȥү˶ˣŮҲ˲õЦݣȻܳʱû¹ˣҲȣﻹó֮ǰӡ
üȥ׼ЩԵģǿɲܵ˹͡˶Ů
ǣүүŮԳ΢΢һЦֱ뿪
ʱԱߵˡͨһ˳ǰóЩʼϲڷ¹ԤУҲʱֹˣ˭֪˸ͻȻϮ
˼ңʲôֽüͷ΢
ˣҿóҲ侳ϵĴڡϣܾȾǿŮǸĺӡ˵˵ţ˫ۿʼ졣
˼ң˵ҪȢü°ɣЦʣǵӣ·ܽ˿
ˣ㡭ô֪üˣһ
ûСﵭһЦֻ˵ġ˼ңµô£˵˵
ţ˵˵£Ҳ֪ȥ
ǰɽΧһھֻһɽ֮صĵطϳƽ˳ȥɱӣܱߴӴıΪ
ĸǾܽѣӭѡ
ǰһӾѪܵӣΪԸϽѣȫ¶ٶˣȫ
ԸϽѵĴӣ˻Ǯ֮⣬ӵҲһƽ
ЩҲ֪ȡѵĵ
֪Щ󣬳һ
ԭҲûʲô쿴˵ŮüҪüϱǰոǴӹһ۾ü
ҶӣǰȢס

˼ңİɣüһġ˵ͷ˳ŵ
Ŀ¶ϲɫٴιݣ׼ĳֹ˼ңٹݰݵģҿɾҪˡ
ԣʱʵˣﻹǲϵл
˼ң㣬ﵽʲôط￴ˣʡ
塣˵
Ц֪壬أ
˻˵ɽ߸ʮ£Եǡµ򡭡ɡƿأƬŴеһССˣȻѵ֪ʲôط


466 ֮
ǣ
֮أ
˿еһԳԣôİ
˼ң֪ɽĸ𣿡ʵ
ɽüͷһ壬漴̾˿һ˴뱲ӣȴ֪ɽʲôطˣɽһĵؽ磿
һ
ˣʲôһ˼ңɽǬ½ͳ֮أһƬĴۡû˵ɽ˵ϻӡʢ֮򣿡
û˵ҡͷʣˣ㵽Ժη
Ǭ½ϣϻӸЦҲ֪νˣоطˣ֪ϻӵĴڡ
ѵҲһС
ڻ
˲֪ϻӡ֪ʢ֮򡢲֪ɽĴһ㡣
졭Ǭ½ϣ
ɫ΢䣬˫һȻ㡭ˣ
棿
ﻹǵ˵ͷǰ˼ңôˣ
ô˵㲢ǡһ塯ˡһƺ֪ʲôµ顣
һ壿
סˣǵһĸ֣˼ңһʲô
ˣεģ֪һڵ֮أǴ˵еʡǿߣһȥҲٽѵǱʡۻҪǿ飿
˵Ŀü˵ںɽ̳֮
˼ңҿɲʲô顣ҵʵҲԶܺʱȡҡͷЦ֮ôǱΪʸƵģΪƵʧʲô֮ء
˼ңҪ뿪ʡ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷʹ۹õҪĴ𰸣壬ֻһɽСѡ
˵ͷ˾һü£뿪
ܿ죬üͻˣһٷʢķˣζأﵹҲԵøˡ
Ĵ֪˵Ĳκúһʱ䶼䶯ˣ֮ǰĴһҲĿ࣬Ȼü˵үүģЩֻһëͷСӣʲô¡
ʵȴĿɿڴ
ԭˣһʱ䣬ͱˡ
һʱ䣬ΪĹ͡
ȻգҲæµаĴ񼸺æҲգ߲ܣİһһ
侳߶ԣЩϵİƼ䣬
ܿ죬ĴִüĿе֪ﾹںɽ̳֮һʱ䣬Ӷˡ
Сüȷ̳֮
Ĵ峤һλ׷ԲԵˣɫѯŮ
Ůͷ峤үүüۿģˡʱü֣үүʹƳˡ
ʲôһ㶡
ǴĹ峤үүģҼԺ˯ֻŮ˵
˼ܾ飡
ĿֻⷢС裬ǳ˵ػޣ
ΧĴ񣬺ʼü飡λܵĳˣȻ顭
֪ǽʱҲɵˡ
ϣȻûмԸĻϾȷʵǴɽ̳֮ģȻƲõĴƵʧ󣬵Ҳпѱ硣
أҲȥˣվҪ뿪͵ǸһҲá
֪Ҫ˰ü£ĴǶΪüˣ˭ҲԸۿλɵĻŮ˻ӡ
ڶգǵڴУܿ͵ˡ
磬Ĵһ磬׳궼ܴȥˣֻҪһǵһʱͻ֪ͨе飬ˡ
ڳüļüһ׹һ׵ؼ߽׹
üܴϻۣˣܿͶ
ڳ嫵ĵ֮£üҲʼ˱仯ܿ侳صΪ
üԺͿԼúˡ
ǰŮЦ
磬Ҫߺòãüһ᲻óӣΡ
޲ɢ֮ϯüұϾˣҪ뿪ġİɣպʱ䣬㣬˳û͵üȥ۽Ǽµˮ΢Ц
ü͵ģôʧüһ
ãüˡ΢Ц
ˣˡˣˣ
ʱ洫һȣó˫һһЦô
üҲ
ɣɣɣɣɣ

ȥһԶ˴ʱЩϵˣ׷׷ÿ֮˳ͣ
ƺƵһȺˣϣһȥ˵Ҳ塢ʮˡ
һˣһӵ׳ߣһòԳªˣ˿ü۾ֱˣ۴Уϱҵϱ
ߣߵĴһһɸ֣еϢֻһϱԺӻҵڶĸϱҪǲ༸ӣӵĶӣҲŹ㣡
ԣæͷӦǡ
峤һŵǧ𣬽ա֮Ů¼Ҷδһ꣬⽻ѣ
Ϊ׵ĴֿվڴڵˣҲ峤˵
졣
һ֮Ůޣ壬һ걣ѡ㣬߰ɡ
ţΪ״һɫ˲һ䣬ͷҸӽһ峤ŲţֻҪĵһӣ峤Ͼ͵ûˣ
ҡͷһ̾û󺺡
ôͷա㻹ˣɫһնһ
峤
ۿҪԴ峤֣ļ׳æȥֻǣǵʵսĶ֡
ĿһնֱӶӰ⣬򼸸׳
һĻѪĽ龰
ֻǣܿʹסˣΪ֣һ𣬴ʹͬʱҲܿƣֱ׹ˤ߻أûܷӦ
죡ɫ䣬׷׾
ףòªҲ
˭͵Ϯӣ
վŭӶˣŷ֣վǰһˣӱӴ˶١
ţ쿴ԼѣѪĻڣһɵʵϵģΪҪǺˣǲЩϹأ
ϵģ
ЦˣҸ˱֣Σ
ɫ䣬һֵǣϣ
ȣȣȣȣȣ

һȺʱ˳նڳյҫ£ֱӳ·ҪʬΣ
ҿôǰᣡ
˼󣬿ųﱻȺûЦһһ⡣


467 
ֻǣϵЦݺܿˡ
֣ǰһĻһµĳʮǸѹȥԭڣɵǰʱǵζסˡ
ֻǣµҲסˡ
䡫
һεˣɨת˲֮䣬ͽһȺ˳ȥһʱ䣬ҽ˷ٵˤ˸첲ˤȡ
ùģնʧ֣ԼϣѪĽ
㡭㲻Ҫ
ۿ̤߽ɫ䣬ͺèһ㣬嵽¡
㲻Ҫ𣿡Цˡ
ҡ
조ͨһڵϣϵġ
ӻȢȢϱﵭʵ
ȢˣȢˣæҡͷ˫Ŀ־塣
ɣﵭ˵ڵԣɱȺ練ƣһΪܶµҲÿˣû̫ΪЩ
ˣ뿪պ뿪ˣ뿪塭
峤˿ȴֲҶ˵ʲô罫ﵱһĴڡ
ﵭһЦ峤İɣ´ٸһӲ
峤ɻ󣬳Ѿüҡ
磬峤˵öԣҪЩֻԴӲô죿üգһ˫Щĵ˵
ﵭһЦٸ˼
˼ŮԲ֪⻰ʲô˼
ԣ˼΢Цͷ֮䣬صԺһžͽƸˡ
СӣҪˣԺʵ
ţ׼ˡڴ֮ǰΪ岼һػưɡ˵
뿪֮ǰΪ岼ơʴƣ뵱ǵפضʯֲõһģһģȻΪƿԳʹãҪСࡣ
ƣԺɱ侳֮µĴڣµһЩˮԹǧꡣ
ȻĶˣеʱҲ̡
ɱǼʮɱ飬ҲķѲ˶ˮ
󣬳ƽơʴƿȨüƺܴΧɽֻҪüͷֱ侳֮֮ˣʮ
硭ôüһ𾪡
üԺػˣϴЩֻҪǵ˴Ӹ㰴ƽģֻҪһͷͿǻҷ˼üСԴ΢Ц
üֿԼڻóᣬг
᲻кܶѪüɫ΢ףϾֻһŮѪȵĶ
İɣѪġЦơʴһϣ˲ͽɱʣ˵Ѫˡ
磬Ҫ𣿡
ｻЩʱеüʡ
š˵ͷüúԺпջġͷүүд峤˵£˵뿪ˣһҪǿԺͿˡ
üݺݵͷ֪ˣüôʧġ
ͷһЦкһһһֱնת۾ʧƶˡ
ơǻɣ
üסˣĲ𣿿ɲ飬Ϊʲôɣ
뿪󣬾߶ȥüүүԣǾǸ򡭡񣬶ɽ񣬶һЩ¶̫ҪϢҪȥ
ԳƵٶȣֻʱ䣬Ǿҵ˾ǣ⻹ǲ֪λõ£֪ǵڣҪһӣִܴǡ
ǣһֵĳУռڵݳǲ̶࣬ȣںݳǡ
û̫עĿͽ˳ǡ
Ǻ󣬳ɨܿͷ˸ʵǿһˣ˵ʵ侳һأǰ֮⡣
ƣֱ˹ȥ
ܿ죬һһһݻľ¥
͹٣Է𣿡ϾСӭ
ﵭ˵ˡ
˵ţ˶¥ղŸӦǸˣʱһſڣ͸ǰɴϵһ죬ԿӦ侳һһλˣһſλΧߡ˸Χ
᳤ˣּλһ㶼ʵ̻ụ̈ǲӦøһѵ
ǰ᳤ˣ˼Ҷﵽͷˡ
᳤ˣһ仰µж

һ˶ſˮ
ﲻݸϵ˻ʲô̻Ļ᳤
ˣ᳤𣿡ʱı󣬴˸С˵
ﵭ˵ͷҲС˰ţһֱ̧֣ӱƿȻһءʱСɫ䣬ˣҵģ
ֵǮЩ𣿡üͷһƣһ̧֣ＸӾͷСˣʱСֱˣ
ʲôˣ
ʱһȺ˶Ӧ˹׷վŭӻ˽ȥĳ
ǵУٶЩȣû뵽ôᣬҪǣǾȻ͸˵ΪҲ˵ܣһܣ˵ΪԶʤǣһܣֻͨˡ
ֻǣ׾ܽȺʵƵֶοȻǺߣ
Ҳ˵ˣǺǻ᳤һĴڣһλǿ侳ǿߡ
ȴûз֣˽֮λλĻ᳤ҲһȻΪ͸˵Ϊ
µǺˣһʳ
᳤ֻЩ£Ҫ᳤ûκζ⡭᳤⣬к񱨣ﵭһЦ˵
ŶȤ˵ʵж⣬ͳˡ
ЩˣûĶ֡
ڣ˿ڻʹ۹֮ˣ֮ˣֻǿĻңҲûô侳ǿߡ
侳Ϊ޷͸ˣ侳һ
һ㣬Կ϶
ǳȥɡ˿һۣ˵
᳤ˣЩ˶Щǡ
ߣ
üͷһ壬һɿµϢ˲ЩϣǵĻģҺǻ᳤ԩ޳ֻҪ˷ССһЩʱ䣬ֻҪ֪Լ֪ĶȻ뿪
ӣЩҲҶ죬ղֶµϢǸоٽϢ
ڣʶΪ᳤˺񶼼ɵˡ
ˣܿһλ侳ǿߣ
찡ʮҵ侳ǿߣǻǵһ˵
һʱ䣬Ҳ²⣬˺ܿ۹ǿˡ


468 ͻ䣡
һȺȥ󣬳ֱӴˣʣ᳤ҾͿżɽˣҲ֮صˣҪ뿪֮صĻӦĸȥ
֮صˣ
Ļ̲ͫסһȻζʲôζ˼֮ˡ
㡭ѵǱۻҪǿĴڣ˵ǫѣҲվ˵䣬Ӧò˵󻰡
ңҲûҪ˵󻰣زʶ
ǣֻǵ侳ߡﵭ˵
侳˫һϵĺȻ֮ϵĴڣӵݣ֣Ͼ侳ֶηϻָͯഺഺ¡
ɵ侳
Ҳ˵˵ͣȷʵһ
ʮҵĵ侳
˸оЩͷƤ飬츳֮ˣ˵֮ϵĻʹ۹ûУ֮ǿġҲδĴڡ
ѵ츳ô£
᳤ΪĳЩԭ򣬴Ƭ֮ء֪뿪֮أص档
˵
һ˵ˣ֮أλǬ½ҪǬ½Ҫһ·ߣ뿪
ȥʲôƣʡ
ǰ᳤üүүе֪ҪһƬ֮أ֮ϵʵۣû֮ء
ȻЩǬ½Уб۸ǿĴڣ
Ҳû˵ҡͷ
˵ͷ֮䣬һöͼöҩַǰϣ˵֮㣬ҲԵ֣ЩҩΪɡ
͵ҩֱȥ߼ٶС
¥˴͵ؿǰĵҩͨЩ˵еľ鵤찡磬ĲƬܱ֮ȣ
ȴ֪͸˵ЩҩûʲôҲûʲôɷƬ֮أ޼֮
Ƭ֮أκξҩԵݡû˵ΪƬܵ䣬ԲŻˡ
֮ص˽ҩȫԹĹżãƽʱϲЩżһ۾ϳ˳͵ҩ
ûκγɣ̧־ͽЩ֪һӵЩϢ¶ȥȻ֣֮
һ·ƽʱ⣬ȫٷС
ʱ䣬Լ֮أʱףҪ뿪طܼ㹻׼
أһ߿ʼһС
һΡľɽ֮ϣ֮ǰĵš
ϣһƥϢӶΧ̴ïֲԱϢɨ֮пƽͺרŵĹһ
Ȼ䣬Ϣһ䣬͵Ӷ
ͬʱһʼڳ֣ЩƥϢһ𣬾ȻһɵɵŰ˳֮أطһƬ꣬ոܵһƻ
䡪
ڷɵŰͬʱϣһɺ嫵·õһɱ䣬һɵʧҲ˫
侳
һ͵ս˫ȭɱ֮Ӷ֮ǰĵ֮ͬն
ȭըն
ˡ
̧֣бг֣ķɵͨ˲Ϊһ壬ɵͨƺҲĳɱ䣬оЩͬˡ
ݣ̧֣ɵͨΪһ壬ƥĵ֮֮⾳Ϊһ壬Ųħƣ˲ӳ˺ѳգ
˲䣬ֻһ˿ֱ˺һѷ죡
ѹǿĵ侳ߣ侳Ķ֡侳ߵ֮Ͱ֮ǵ侳ߵĵ֮⾳ܱ֮ȡ
ͻƵ侳󣬳侳Ҳ˸ֱ۵˽⡣
ղƾʩչǿһһЩ˺աӦÿԺ侳˰ɣһ
ͨ㣡
һʶľͨ˳ͨǿĵ㣬ֻǣȻˣȴ֪ʲôá
ȥ˽⣬ȴ־ͨһ㷴ӦûС
Լͨ𣿡ЦȴҲ֪ΨеȾͨԼչֳİ֪㵽ʲô
ǰĲ㣬򵥣
ͨĵҲûȥԷ֣ʵϢһɲǾʹԺʧһ㣬û´Ӧĳ״̬
ѵͻƺͨɱ䣬ҲܵһӰ죿
һ²
ţعרעش۳εķɵͨڵķɵͨԶһɵɵͨڡ
ΪϢһЩơ
ȻͻƵ侳һ֮ɱ֮ɳʱǷ֣ڵɫһԵ֮޷ӽ
ʣ
ϴ˵ڵɫʲôӣΪһЩ£ˣٴ
ֻǣʳû˶Իû״ָ̬
ҡҡͷֻе֪𰸡
һΪ侳ٶֿ˼֣Яһ·У¹ȥڿ˱ԶһС
ֻǣԶʱɵˡ
Уһǰ뿪ġǡ
ھ·뿪ġ
ҿ϶Լһ·Уû䣬ôƻؾˡʶƬ֮أǲ򵥣Ҫ뿪Զûô򵥡
۶ԽƬ֮ءĵطҪȥҲһЩơ
¶Ц൱һ궼˷ʱ·
ҺҲûջһΪ̤侳
Ӧ˽һƬ֮أȻ֮صĳЩط֣Ƿ֪뿪֮֮
˴㣬ٴν˾ǣһνǣﲢû뿪Ǵ֮صϸ
ϴǸ᳤̻֪뿪˵Ǳˡ
ܿ죬֮Ҳһ˽⡣
֮أЩڳļ硰򡱣ֻǣͬڻгȻɹ֮֮أ
֮һΪ
֮£۹۹֮£ߴʹʹ֮£žŴ
ڵһ
֪һк󣬳ĵһͷǰ֮
˲֮ǿߣ


469 ½
Ȼ˴㣬㿪ʼƻ
ȣҪĹܸҪ֪¡
Ϊ̽·׼ȥһͼɾ۵ͼҲֻǡХʹΧڵģХʹĻʹ˾Ÿ
ȥХʹ
￴һĵͼ˴㡣
кһۣһһٴ뿪˾ǣһǲȥХʹȥȥХʹΧĳУҲХʹĻʳȥ
ǱʶΪ𲽣֪Ĺȥ㲻֪ٿ֪۹ȥȵ˵۹֪ڡ
ХʹʳǣռԺͼʳǱ⣬ֱȥһĵͼͼҲֻХ»ʹĵ۹ڡ
ϰ壬ѵûڵĵͼ
鷻ƹ
ƹҡҡͷˣĵͼֻڵ۹ĵ۶򵽣УҲȥһ㶼ûӵ۶
ȻҲǣΪʹ֮ˣҲ͵۹ȥתת˻ȥ
ЩΪǿߣҪȥͲҪͼһˣһжԶôİ
˵۹ͼＸշת˵۹ĵ۶
µĵ۶ͳХʹġԪ۹Уռͻĵ۹ƣƣֱӽ۶ȥһ鷻
ڡ
ͼ¶ЦݣӵͼϣԿڣλ֮صıߡ
磬ֻСÿɰ
ʱߴһεεŮתͷһŷһʮŮ۰Ͱ͵ضƣóΪ
ơɰ
ôû
ϲֻŮߣһԼĪʮͷˣ˫һʵ
̫ɰˣŮiƵߣ۰Ͱ͵ؿλ磬𣿡
ﵭһЦƵֻҪû⡣
￴һӣ֪϶ȻŮʱȻر˫ۣš
ۣù⻬ë϶һɣǴֵȮëʵҲûôáŮƣ˵
ŮƷͷ㣬ǲһ顣
ȻͨȮޱȣǡ
λֵܡ
ʱŮߵ˿ˣֻô
ЦˣȻҪƣ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵⹷а취ǣһǮա
棿˫һ
Ȼͷڱ뿪뿪Ρ
˵꣬粽뿪鷻
˿ųôȥҲһ㶣ʱŮߵĻɫСͻȻվԻ˸iȥﲻһ

ɲǼ䣬ϣһεϢֶѹСϣ侳ߵϢѹֻСڵأö
ֻǣһĻɵˡ
СȥͲ಻侳ߵϢһ㡣
ͻȻȻؿСͷƳһۣȻԣСӣʮͷ侳ء츳
СֱǳѵɫףʶֻСȻһֻز©
˵
Ůվһ˫Ĵ۾Сһ˼顣
СѾͷټˡСԻŮһͷ߳鷻˳ֵСӣ㻹ˣ
Ц𣿡
һһֱ۶ȥ
鷻ſڣһһıӰʧǰĿ⸴ӣշһֻʵһǿңҿ͸˿ҲͱҴ꣬ѵǵ侳ߣţΪɡ
뵽˰οԼ
뿪Ԫ۹۶ֱȥȥ֮ԱġԪ۹۶ȥԳٶȣһչͽĵ
ֻһչ򣬳ѾңңؿԿһӴĳеԺʢҡˡ
Ҳ֪֮ǿ߻۵ǷǿߴڣһǰУƽӰ롣
ţͻȻüͷһ壬֮һɹϢӶֱ߶
Сӣֿˡ
Ѿת
֮ת۱侳׷һˣȵ侳Ǳѣԭֱɶģڿ֮˫һѡƵһߣ
ǲԸ꼰㣬ϣҲȥ
ֻǣѡ˾ֽ֣ۿþ׷ɱ
Сֵܣҽձɣһǰ½ҡѰ½Ҽ˵½ѽɣȴֱԪڡ֮ɱ
ͻȻװڳߴӴܵǸˡ
˵Щ˼Ҳһİ˶ѣһ·ǰУܿҡһ˿ӵڡ
˫һƬ̣̤ն
Сӣ㲻Ǵ°ɣһ㶣ļﲢϲ֮ˡ
ô֪Ѿ˾֮ġ
˲ֱܿӶǣȥ£ȴûôѡ˱֮·Ϊһİˣó壡
½棬Ӳˣ
˽½ΧסĿ½Ŀ⣬ͺڿһˡ
ҾҲҪһ汳
½Ŀ΢䣬֮Ӷ֮
ǡ
ӹʱĿȫ½֮ϣ½֮ȻѵצΪơ
󣬵߲㣡
䲻ѵצŲ㷢ȴóľ
ڣףΪ½Ϊô࣬һ·ӵԭҲֵķѵצء
߲㷢
㾹Ȼ似ˡɫ΢֮Ӷͷ֮ϣͨͨͻͨһһֳ
˵ͨȻͨ
ˣһ̣绯˷ͻ񣬷ǣΧ½档
½Żͨˣ߲֮棬â¶֮Уͷ֮ϣͨһţϡ
ݡ
½һȼŻ˸âɫһͬʱϻһ𣬻æˣһʱԶ½棡
ߣûôף
½Ŀһ㶣߲֮ը绯һѸе棬ȫһݿഩ͸˵ؿڡ
绯˵ϣ˵ʱķѣ


470 似
½潫ͨɱϵ֮һήղһ
ϻ𣡡
˿һĻ˫Ŀ죬һ㣬ϵ֮ͬʱ½棬Ҽлȥڣ
½ϣ¶һƬĲȻ
ڣֻϣǸСֵΪţĻ廹ܽϱߵĹ似
˿û뵽Լݺһ
һĹ似޺ˡ
侳һΪɱ侳أݹ֮أ似֮ˣм

½ΪԼ֮ʱͫ˲һʲô֮ǰǸˣ߷Ӷ̲סɫ䣡
Ҳǰˣ
Щ벻ͨˣڵˣô֪
ţ
ͻȻ˽һըľŲɫĿ˲̣似һǿԽɾŲĹ似ϵĸǿ
ˡ
½濴ת۾͵ߣٶȿˣ֮ħƣһħһӳ̺ŷƥĵƣԼǵɾŲ֮
ˡħƶ
ͨǸˣִ
ֻǣҲû뵽ͻȻֵˣֻһͽȫһ֮ը飬ͨҲ飡ֻˣһϣŰľŲ֮һȥƲն£
꣡˵壬˲һΪѪȾգ
ǿ½浹һó˵ΪҲͺ൱ֻǣԷɾŲ֮ȴܱȵġ
ʲôˣ
һʱ䣬ֻʣ»£ɫ˸Ƶˣͣ˽ŲڿУɫˮضų
ĿĮѹû˵˼̤նħţ
ߣһ·𶯣һͷӶȥֱѡܣ
䣡£Ųħ۳Σ̶ըαسֻ֣Ǽ䣬͵˵ǰͷѾõħ£ȡ
侳أת۹˳
㻹ðɣص½ߣʡ
лֵܾ֮½һԳǷл
仰Ҳˣʱ̲סʣ½֣ҿ֮Եӳ߲㣬ӳȴ֪ĹЧ似Ч
½ҡͷһЦֵܾͱȡЦˣĹ似Ǳǿˡ
似һ㶣ǵһİʡ
Ĳǹ似𣿡ﲻٵı飬½ɻʵ
ƺѵצΪ似
½Ļһʵ͸оѵצһ似ͬȻǵؼͽ似ԼķȴǼΪµģƾķǿ׵Խ׶ԵУ
֣˵ʵҲ֮صˡЦ
㡭ˣ½˫ͫһŵ֪֮ˣҲû취νģ
ｫԼԭ˵һ飬ȻԹɽһЩ¡
û뵽ʧ󣬻ܽͽ֮ء½һ̾Ϊп
½֣һֱ֣֮صôγɵģ˵ܵ䡭𣿡ʳеɻЩŶ˵ģ֪¼ޡ
ν֮أ֮ء˵ԶʱڣչһսһӮˣһ¾һպ󣬸һӻ֮ˣȫһطǸطǿĽ磡
½滺˵Ҳܲµ˵е֮ʲôط˰ɣ
һû뵽֮ػĹȥ
УЩʲô
½֣˵еǣʳеɻ
ν飬ʵʵ֮ϵĴڣ˵ʵͨ죬ֿ̽£ժǳܡ½潫Լ֪Ķ˳
֮ϣ
һԭΪƬǬ½Уǿıۣڿȴˡ
֮ϣصġ顱
½˵ڹ似ǵһЩɡӦѾеúܹ㷺˰ɣ
Ȼﶮù似˱Ȼá
ЦûУһû֮˭ù似ڿ׹似ԹģǴﴫȥġ
ﴫȥģ½ҡͷܡҪ֮뿪֮ϵĴڣҪȻ߲Իý硣֮أѾûгˣ뿪
ʲô
סˣԱߵһۣ޲һ߹ȥλǱƸӲˣ
ϵĴڲܳȥ˵ϵĴڣۡʣڵԣôңɼ
Ƴɫ˫ͫҲһͣȻҲû뵽Ľ
бİ취½ֲ
ϣɡЦ
ֵܣ˵ġа취½ֵ
һ˵֮Ѿûгֹѵûʣ飿
еĴ˾֮ǿˣֻһžܲʵĴڡ֮أֱһһλ˾½˵˾֮صĴߣͨ񣬻а취뿪֮ءϾ㱾ˣ֮صˡ
˵ͷ
ֵܣȻز죬һ½ҴһɡҪ˾Ҳֻ½˵½ҵںʹ˾мֽ飬أǿæ
Ǿ鷳½ˡҲ֪õİ취ڣҲֻܽϣڴ˾ϡ
ɲԸԶ
ԣϾһİĵط
һ·Уǰ񶼵·ϣ˶ŻٶȣʱҲ½֪֮صһЩ˵֮ûʦûʱҲסˡ
Ҳ̫ƶ˰ɣ
½֣֮˹ط֣ΪξͲܵԵҩݺأﲻ⣬ѵһָʲôйأ
½̾˵Ƭ֮أձϽʱ򣬻ݺġʱţΪԻýĴڣ֮صس׺Ǭ½ط룬Ӵ֮󣬱ѵݺ
Ƭ֮صһ壬ƺǺܺá
ﰵ̾
һ壬һȺ
⣬Ҳ˽⵽ԭһУвٵġ似УС似½ҪǿܿԳѵצȣܱѵצǿ
óҲЩ
ǱѵצǿǿԵʮ㣬ʮһ㡭


471 ִ

ռɱȻҡǣȻûơա֮⣬䱸ҲɭȻϡԿķ۶ߣڳ⣬ͨŽ룡
һֱӷɽȥ
֮Ĺ֮˰£ǲڹϿշеġ½濴˳ɻ󣬽˵
˷˻Σʡ
Ҫùˣᱻعķġϣɱ½˵
Ȼ漴ʲôɻʵˣ½㷽˵ֻ֮˰²ڹϿշСǻҵأѵҵҲƣ
Ȼ֪֮ǿڳ￴ĻӦòȥң²⣬ӦòˣӦļɹ̫ܽڡɲ֮
ңĻңĻ½һ
ĻҰ˵
ң½һ㶣ҡͷһЦֵܣ㲻Ϊ֮صҲµĵ۹ʹһ㣬лҴڰɣ
˵ûлң½滰е˼
½ͷţûлҡƿߣƽʱ֮ڵĴС񣬶ɾλ¡
Ȼ֮ڣһҶûеۻƶȣĴڣǸ߸ϣ˿ɼ
½˵½ҵڣǾλ֮һڵĵλֻڴ˾֮¡
ԣĿһɻʵ½ҵڣҲ֮ˣ
š½ͷǰ֮ˡֻİλ£ҲԼļ塢ţǺ½ҵһǰ·ҡ
λڵš壬ΪǵӰҲһһֻ֮¡½滺˵
֮ǰڵʲôԪڣ½ұΣʡ
½ӹһ˿мԪڣҲһǿţֻϧѾǰûгֹˡԣ½ڵľŴ塢ţԪڻһЩ
ǻҶ㣿Щȣô˵½ص½ңǹԪҪͷˣ
Ϊ˹似½һ̾γţҲǼҵֻǣû뵽ȥȡǹ似һ·Ҳ׹似˭֪ҽ似ʱԪڵ˶ˡ
似󣬾ֻһȥü
߱ʮӣɶԪڵɱˡ˹似˵ӷҿҲѾiǵĺ󳾣ӵ֮⣬ֵ㡣½˿Щ¡
Цȫ½þ
½һΣճֵܾһոǣ
ҡͷ½ֿˡ
ܿ죬Ƹ½ն£׼ӿޱȵĳŽߵʱԿվˣЩˣԾǹ
ﻹ֣һЩϵ½棬½мż־⣬һ½½ҵĵλҲһ㡣
һǰȻʣĽֵҡǽֵ࡭
֮ĳУ
̲סп
֮ڣֵȴǱޱȡ
ֵܣȥԸȱƣٻ½ңΣ½ʳ
½ֵġ
½棬ĳģӷСԶĹ㳡ֵǴ͵ļС
үˡ
˸һΪ¾¥ſڣһۼСӭк½棬ǫ
¥ᡣ½浭˵ͷ
ǡСæ˶¥˰ᣬܸɾûʣ½浹òС˲ȥ׼ˡ
ֵܣΣ½ʡ
аɡ˵֮أϾֻǬ½һǣĳУҲͺʢ֮ǿԱһȣǸǬ½ĵЩųǱȣС׼ˡ
ȻҲûȥЩųǡȴӶ෽˵һЩ
˵ʢ֮ŴǳǣҲûЩųǱȡ
ֻϧڱ˵ȥЩųǣ뿪Ƭ֮أ˵һ¡
񿴳˳ĲΪ⣬½̾˿֮֮ˣԸ߳ƬֵĵطֻϧܳȥվǼ١
ֵܡͻȻ½濴˵û취뿪ʲô㣿
ҡͷұϾˣ˾Ҳû취뿪һԼ뾡һа취һ뿪ΪĿꡣ
ʲôЦֻǹһҲˣȥﶼԻ
ȴ縺ĸ׺ɶ»ΣΣҲһ취ȥ
Ҳǣҡ
½˵ͷǹˣԲµִŵԭ
㷹󣬳½½ҡ
½ңУĴ壬ռͿԺᲢˡ
ү
ү

һ·߽½ң֮·˶½һүóﲻɻʵ½֣½е𣿡
½΢Цͷ½ҵϵΪһ϶֮Уŵ
Ȼ
½İ£½ӵĸۡסۡҲ
һڷﵹͷ˯ϸѪƣҡҡͷҲûȥ֪ƻûнϴεõöڵꡣ
ԣڵ̺壬Ѿ˾⾳ֻһ壬̤侳
ֵܡܿ죬½
ţŷ֣Ĳֻ½һˣһλˣǣһСŮСŮޣ˱Ȼһ˶һ˫ˮĴ۾ų
ֵܣҵӣϹٷУҵŮ½硣½ܵ
ɩӡ΢΢һЦֿСŮգգ۾
磬۾ǲˣСŮųаʵ
ԣʼûӦ漴֪СŮ˵ʲôʱһЦ
½Ҳ̲סЦˡ
½ҸһˣЩĽ̲ס̾Ҳ֪Һɶʲôʱ½ֺɩһ
½ס½϶û¶棬ӦæŽ似ȥ
һʱ䣬Χ˼Ȧ½ҵ֪½ĿˣܿЩ˿УҲ֪½½ҵݡ
½Ҽӣһ˳λ̳ˣ
û뵽ԼڻԵɺ³־µ½棬ݡ


472 
½˼գû½棬½Ϲٷԣ½ʱ䶼æ
²⣬½æ飬ӦúǹԪйء
½һһ·ϣʹ½ĵķŭҲǣͱԪڵɱˣκһҲܡ
⼸ճﶼûΪһСŮ½Ů½硣
һУڳ½̵ĵľԵĵľ½糹ԣ⼸ճʮֲ̬ͬĵľ񻹲ô⡣
С˿ɲô̰Ŷ󣬳ﶼЩˣСŮںûһ
ۡ
˭֪ﻰ䣬СŮؿóЩ޲ߣЦУٸ̼
СŮֹͣ˿գŴ۾ųĸɾ°ͣ㲻壬Ǹ硭ǶкӵģûС
ЦãҪиͽаɡ
ڳСŮΪεʱ½ˣ緢ʲô¡
½֡
½棬ͺ񿴵˾ǣӭȥôˣʲô£
ֵܣ¶ȷʵǺ¡½Ц
ҵĺ£һӳ˹˫һ΢Щ٣½֣˼ϵϴ˾ˣ
ڳ￴Ȼĺ£Ȼ뿪֮йأ뿪֮صת۵㣬Ĵ˾
ų֮ǿ֮һ
侳۷Ĵڡ
½һ㶣漴ҡͷЦֵܣȷʵĺ£ڱչأҲ֪ʱأû취ϵ˾
ţüͷ΢壬½˵ĺǣ
½ЦȻû취ͨϵϴ˾ڵиԼ˾Ҫ֪˾ƽʱ˾λ֮⣬ǲ˵ġ
˾˫ͨʲô;ֻҪܼ˾ܴﵽԼĿġ
Ȼ˾Ҳδ뿪֮أҪȥһԣ
½֣ʲô취ʡ
½˵˵ĺ¡պ½Ҫټһ˽ΪеһԱ˴ڵҲټһ˳ΪŸһ£ͳ졭ͳ죬ɴ˾
½˼ǣ½ҾټΪеһԱȻ˸ͳ죬ټ˾
ˡ
ǡ½ͷ
ЦҲյ½ңõ½ҵľټҲûôװɣ
½Ц֪㵣ѾˣԭѾڶһ˳Ϊͨҵľټټ븸˵һҸԸһᣬһ£Ϊʸ񡣡
΢мл½֡
½ҡͷһЦֵܣˣʵΪҲ˽ĵġڼУҺҴĲϣϣԭ׼ټ֮ˣܻΪҶԣкܴİ
΢΢һЦ½̹ȴ֪ʱһսʵΣ
½˵˵Ϊ侳ءֵ㲻ҪѹΪΰ½ڵľŴټǾᳬʮģ
ΪΣﾪȣȥ˵ӿʮ£⣬ԽǿԽ
ΪλҪͣ
½ЦΪΨʮ֮µĽͳ죬ʸඥӶʵֵܣܳΪͳ죬Ĳ˵֮ؽΣһ̤侳أ
ඥ
˫һȻ֪ʲô½ԣඥǿΪġ
侳һص侳أǺΣ
½֣лһ˵
Ȼ½Ҳ˽ģϾǰңһ컯
ֵܣҺҸ˵ˣͶգ𣿡½ʳ
ԡͷ
ã㡭ųˣߡ½治½죬һ־ͽǺ뿪
һ˫һ
侳ô
ڶ磬½ţ׼õĳ뿪˸ۡ
һ·ǰ½ҵĺԺ½ҺԺǾһɵģһƬ̵֣ռ˰½Ҹ߽ۡ˵أŵϢ
½֣½ҵȱǻܡУ̲סһ̾
½һЦֵܣ뷨һǺ񣬵ҲðͷƬ֣˵½ȱǧ֮ǰٳģʱķʮʱ䣬Žеֲꡣ
ĵͷôӴḶֻ́ʮ꣬Ѿˡ
½һ·ǰУ
һĿյأյغ棬һݣ俴ƾɣȴΪɾÿ춼ר˴ɨ
˹ʱѾ˵Ⱥǡ
ˣһͷԻҰ׵Ϊףʣµˣλ⣬һ˺һʮˡ
﷢֣Լ½߹ʱǸ˺ˣĿ⼫ΪƣһѾµ˵ݣӦñ½Ĵ½ԭټˡ
ף
½ųȥΪ׵񣬽ֶ񣬡󻤷һ
λ½֮Ҳ΢΢
ãȻſ
Ϊ׵ˣҲ½Ҽ½ơһЦ͵ͬʱмֵܣлҶ˵ȶ£½û
ˡҡͷ
ͻȻüͷ΢ʶλ½Ҽ½ʱ򣬲ԶǸ˿Ŀ⣬Զ˼ɱ⣡
Եӻ߳һ·ȷѪ֪꣬϶ԼûиӦ
ѵ½ֵ磬½
ðĵһͷþɢȥ
侳һأ
ʱԱߵ˿ˣɨ˳һֶۣ½ܣȷɱ˹ԪڵķеˣҪ֪㣬ƾ似ƴҲɱһˡ
½浭˵磬˵һжôĪǴ۾ˣ
ģ˶֮ܲĻҩζʮ㣬·ʱըѡ
½ǣˣֵǷʵһսͼˣ
½Ҽ½Ƶڡ
ҵҪλֵֶܵˡ
ˣҲ½Ĵ硰½ǡ׷һЦ
Ըоڳ֮ˣ½֮⣬û˿ֻ½Ǻߵˡ䡱½ҵ½Ҽڸ½ӣһ֪Ѷˣ

ʱն𣬾Ӹ¸ųоǲмӡ


473 һɱ

ŵնת۾͵˸ߴԣ
½Ҽ½֮£½ֵܶˣĿתؿǰһĻ
ʱ½ǲ½棬ܣ侳һս侳أҲֻŻţ׹似ɣҲĶ֣
½ǵĻ½һ̲ס΢΢ͷԶͬ½ǵĻ
½ƣȻûʲô֣ǴȻĿлǿԿóΪ侳Ϊһ۾Ϳ͸ﲢûжκεΪֶΡ
Ҳ˵ȷʵֻһ侳һߣ
½û½ǣһЦ֪˵ʲôûãΨʵˮĴ졣
ֵܣһսۡ˼ɣ
½洫˼֡
ͷ

Ȼ֮ϣüͷһƣųͳְɡȻҲûл֣
ţһ㶣ЦˣҾ͹ˣ
ˡ
Уɵͨ۳ΣŲħӶϵ֮ͷ֮⾳ں֮˲֣
ݡ
ǳͻƵ侳󣬷ɵͨٴɱĵһγ֣ܾ÷ɵͨǲӦòƽֱֵһɲǣŷӦ˹
ɵͨеġٶȡȥһ
һʲô
𰸼ֵ˲ͽˡ
һŵĶâ½Ҽ½һȻĿ£ӶͷתһâѾһĨѪ
ĺϣһѪ˹Ѫ֮ǰֻü˫ؿסͼҪѪֹס
ֻϧһжù
˫ԶˣٸһĻᣬһսԸΪĻᡣ
ûʲôҪ
һ̣ˣȴҲˡ
Ŀ⣬ܿ찵̶׹£Ȼء

䣬Ϊ侳أ侳һؽսֻǿöԷȳ֣ҲûгֵĻˣ츳ͨĻᶼûС
ְɡȻҲûл֣
˿̣ղŶԳ˵Ǿ仰Ƕôķ̡
½ˣˡ
ǰһĻȫǵ侳һصˣȻɱ䣬һһ˿ˮֶΣҲɸоЩëȻ
˶һۣӸпȻ
㿴𣿡һɫؿ½ƣʡ
š½ӦĹ似½ҵõһ׻ҪǿŲ֮һףɣҲ߲㡣
ݲ򵥣үйһʡ
ˣֻ˵һɢޡ
½ƽ͵
½ƺԣûһ˿ˣˣҲ½ûʲôӰ졣
ֻǣˣɶ½Ƕԣұۡ
½Ƕµʬ壬ȫǲ˼飬ܡôܣһ侳һأɱ侳أ
磬ڰ˳䡣½ʱءο
ֻǣİο½ǵĶߣȴޱȷ̣½Įɨ½һۣ½ƺһ壬λ½뿪ˣ
˵꣬Ҳ½˻Ӧ½ִ̧ʬ壬ȥ
뿪ʱĿ΢ڳӹ
һĿ⣬Ѫ䣬óﶼЩëȻʶ½ҵ½һΣյ֮£²ưոݣ
ҲΪ⣬½ǲԼҲˣǣԼҲӣ
ֵܣ˲¶࣡
½Ҽ½ƿĿ⣬ȫˣ˳һۣʣֵܣ꼸ꣿǷξټȥʮ£Ȼ޷õϿɡ
Ȼ￴ҲͶʮң֪侳߿Էϻͯഺ
һϰʮ侳ߣֻҪԸ⣬ȫԻָʱģ
½ԼǿһΪഺҲģϡͷˡ
ԣ侳ϵߣֻǿ͵ġ
ʮꡣ΢΢һЦԼͣǼǵһģ뵱߳ǹôꡣ
ƽʱ治ûʱô죬ѹֶ˵¡
ʮꣿ
ﻰһ䣬֪½Ҽ½ƺ½ҲЩȣ֮ǰֻΪӦʮͷȴû뵽ﻹʮ꣡
Ҳ۳ԵеֶΣʮ侳ߣƾ֮زţ
Ǵû˵֮س
ġԤ˾
Ԥ˾Ǵ˾Ĵˣǿ˾Ҳջᵽݽߵһ죬ǻԼ֮꣬״ӣҲԤ˾
еٮٮߣΪһ˾̳ˣڴ˾ȥ󣬼̳д˾һС
Ԥ˾֮عϵ츳ǿţ
½ƺһŻָ˹½ƿ΢Цֵܣպңʱȥ
лæл
ۿ½ȥ½һ˵˾᲻ὫΪ״ӣĴ˾Ҳֻ״ӣȱһֱš
˾״ӣҲԤ˾
֮Уλֻڴ˾֮£ǾŴ£Ԥ˾Ҳҵ˭֪Ժ᲻Ϊ˾
Ԥ˾Ϊ˾һգѾȥ
ڵźͼأ
ǿɲϣΪԼԼĺ˴ѡ
˾ĴˣϵĴڣ֮˵һ仰ɷʬ򣬿Ѫɺӣ
ҵϣ˾Ϊ״ӣҿүϵ
һ˫һ˵
½ȥ·ϣ½΢Цֵܣζлˡ
ҡͷһЦҲǸȡ裬ҪλᣬҲλᡣ½֣Ǵƺܲ򵥣֮ǰԪ֮׷ɲԭˣ
½˫һҡͷûУܲµ±ȻҵǸô硯Ѳ˸ϵ
̾û뵽ԼֵҲôݡ
½Цֵܣ㲻֪ЩҵĲпᡭΪλֵܲɱҲοҺֵֻܡ
ֵܣ
ԣɵԼĶɣҲֵܣ֮ĸȴֵܻҪס
ڿԼСںгĳңҲȽϺˡ
ͻȻʲô￴½棬ˣ½֣һû㣬Ǹʲôģ


474 Ѫƻ
½ЦҪάȵİǵ֮ǰ·ϼһЩѲߵʿȻЩְģʮ򳤶㲻ϡ
Ȼ֮ǰġأ
½͵ְǿظţԼ˷ɽɳΥأ֮ˣɱǻɱˣ򽻸
Ȼ
һΣŴ¸ڵһ˼ټ֮ˣһУǡٷ򳤡ֻǧˣÿһǧһͳ죬ʮٷ򳤣һٸʮ򳤡
½˵һΣǧˣѾյ˽ǧˣʮ򳤺ٷ򳤵˾ʣµİ˸ٷ򳤺ͳ½ڵľŸϷˣ⣬ҲǴ˾ھλµϣǾżҵȨ
ͷʣܷ𣿡
½ЦΣǻܷ첻ɣ
ʶϣ˾һ仰κ˲Υ桭˭սϣؽ֮أ
ġꡱ
ԣֵܣҪõ˾ټֻΪͳ֮ˣʵ֡½˵
סͷʱ½ҲѾص½ס
úϢգպ㡣½Ц
鷳½ˡæͷ
ط󣬿˯ֻƣҲҡͷڴϾͿʼͨĲ㵱յ֮ԭʼԪ߲ͨ⣬˳ڡ
ﾫĵţͬʱԸоЩԪһ뱻öɫĵգһ
⵶ʲôϴʻ˵ʲôӡҲ֪Ƿʲô
üͷ΢΢ɻֻǣʻûѣһʱҲҲ𰸡
ͬʱﲻ֮⾳Ƭ
ʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥˡ
磬½͵￴һۻڳ˯ƣûȥ½ȥ½Ҽ½ơ
½Ƹһ߳½Ҵţʱ֮ѾһͣһɾֻֻƻǻƱǱʮֽ׳֫ȵվڵϣϵëĳЩλͺǸոȾѪһ㣬һ˫ͫ͸¶ɺɷ
Ŀֻϣ½Цֵܣ֮سѪƻֻҪЩλˣٶȲȵ˵
Ȼ򣬺½ƺ½һѪƻ޳
޳һƿأһͨˣǳԲ˵ʱ͸¶ײ侳Ϣ
λ۵ˣ½Ҽĳ򣬾һ侳ߣ
侳ﶼ֪˵ʲôˡ
ţţţţţ

ܿ죬˵Ĳٿ£ֻѪƻ磬Ҳ֣µȣҺļװãҲЩп
򿪳ϵĳ棬Կľɫܣٶȼ죡
أ޳ͨһֵĽֵԶԶأֵϵ˾ÿ·õһ㣬ÿұߵ·޳ƽ·
ƽնϰ޳ĺֱײ
ﰵףЩƽգı޳ײҲǰ˵ģ˻ܵõһЩ˵ģǾݡ
һ·һгﶼЩľˣ̫Ƶ龰
Ҫ˽µļݣǾҪԼǿӵи˲Һӵġ
磬޳е·ϣ˾վǰƴų٣Ҳȥײ˾Ȼ˾ͲسĳײݵĲ
˾ϾǿĴڣػ
ûˣ´˾
ֵܣǵһѪƻĳ½ƿ˳ĺ棬ʡ
šͷȷʵǵһĳǰڼʱµǧѪ𺳲ѣǧѪһԦѪоսʱ֮
ɱϺϻڵʱúϻڶΪ֮ѪɺӣﻹǸоЩѪ
ǧѪһпǡ
ǿ侳߽ϵǿߣǧѪֽͬһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ǹʱʼ̵ʶֻҪԼǿԵ߸һУٶԼǰǲһ
ʡ
ٶ侳ǰָͿ׾ٽɱ
У޳ܿͣ
£ʱԿһޱߵĽǰһ߸ߵĺΧǽһжס͸¶ء
ڳ³ʱ򣬲ԶһѪƻ޳ˡ
޳֮ڣͬˡ
һˣˡ
ߣߴһͺߣȴ½Ҽ½Ƶ½ƿԶµˣɫԲÿ²⣬˺ܿЩìܡ
䣬ҲԲµԷݣӦǳ½⣬ǰ˴еˣΪ׵ˣҲһ֮
½ƣû뵽ϼһﻹšԶһڣóΪ֮Ȼ֮Ĺϵȷʵô
iɷģҲ½ӭȥԣ
ʱĿ˵ϣһˣӦҲǸһټ֮ˡ
i塣½濴˚iһۣ΢һЦ
½棬㸸ǿi½ͷ½Ƶ󣬿ɶ½ȴ޵⣬иӹһ˿ͰϲʱеĺͰ
½塣ʱښiǸȽˣҲ½ƴк
i㸸׵ǿˣôʱһֻ־ܷŵ½ʱҲһͰ
ǰһĻó￴һһ㶵ġ
ⶼô£
Եˣ˫ĶӣôƣͲг
ֵܣҚi壬iҼiҺ½½淢˳ϵĲ⣬΢Ц͵
ԣŻȻҲʶ½ƺ͚iвɻìܣȻô˵ء
áiԳ΢΢һЦ󣬾û
ףiԼкǿ½ϣҲ⣬ֻǻһЦ
磬һΪ½λټءʱiĚi½棬˵ȻڳҲеʮ⡣
䣿½һ㶣ҡͷһЦ˵¡
ŶiȤʲô£
½ûлشiֻһЦ漴½ƺ͚iףi壬ýȥˣ
һʱ䣬ڳˣʼǰĽߡ


475 ս
ӪһΪεĴڡ֮Ȼ֪ȴ޼Ƕһж˺档
½ߣ롭
ԿӪĴſڣرأһЩվʿԶԶؿųһ˵Ŀ⣬ôơ
һ֮ǰ¶ݺЩ˻Ҫ½һ½iһ
Щ̬ȣǰ˾൱˺ţһ˿ٶЩޡ
ͬ˲ͬ
߽Ӫ۵һӪʣӪûשɵĽֻһӪʡ
֮ԿһЩж߹ǵĿһ˵⡣
ԣЩ֪һʲôġ
ܿ죬½ƺ͚iĴ£һӪӪصдʣһӪʼ˵Ҳϰˣ߽ȥʱ򣬷Ѿвڵȴˡ
½
i
һ˸սȥв˸½ƺ͚iк￴һۣЩ˴ȺӦҲ֮¾Ŵ֮һˡ
½ƺ͚iЩ˵Ļ֤ʵĻ
ǰЩȺеΪ֮ˣҪôҪôǼͷ
iǲҶͳһְ־ڱصðû´λӦþǲҵĲši졯˰ɣ
һ׳˶ˣըףԚi˵Ŀ⣬˚i󣬚iߵϡ
Ҳţ
˶Ԛiۣﲻɶ࿴˚i켸ۣȻһ·ҲǺ͚iһģ֮ȴûκνһ·ϼ½͚i˵
ˣû뵽㾹ȻԳiǫһЦֿ׳˶ߵˣ̾
ӚiЩɫԿԚiȷʵš
½λǡ׳˶˸iкֿ½ƣĿƮӹԶԳĸȤ
½ƵһЦλҶ½ֿѣҲ½Ҿټ֮ˡ
׳˶ԣĿһؿ˳һۣ½䣬Сֵ㲻򵥰
䣡
Ŀ΢ܳ
Ȼ룬ǫػصˡ
ţһһһк䲻½ˣȴҲΪ½ҾټҲΪڳĽ㡣
һְ½ҺͲڣѾ˰˴
Ͳһˡ
ʱӪʿڱƿڳΪһ˽ʱȴˣһλ˺ˣһۣ޺ףͨ˵˲򵥡
֣˽ʱӪڰ˴䣬жֳ˾η
ˣ
Ӫڵİ˴Զ񣬽ߵҲȻԭλеλֻڴ˾֮£ƽʱִС֮ˡ
һʱ䣬ӪڵһҲ׷񣬳֮һ
ȴû½ɴѯ½һ
ֵܣ˵ʵȻ֪һλȴҲһֱ䲻˾ûƽʱСҲûֹĻָ㽭ɽû뵽Ȼˣһεĵ֧ܿذ½洫ص
˵ͷ࿴λһۡ
ҵƺô֮·
Ŀ⣬ɨڳİ˴䣬΢ͳԵԾڻûĸ
˵Цˣֻ·һЩ£õ˾õȣǳɽ֮
ʱӪ⴫ˬʵЦݣ漴Կһ״󺺴һϼЦݣ
ͷֱԵȻ˶ˣ㿪ʼɡ
֮䣬Žӣ߳Ӫʣһæ˳ȥһֱһƬ
һУУ
УΧΧˣһ֮ˡ
УеĿĸ̨ʱΧ֮ˣضһЩ˸Ǽ
ǳΪ֮ǰǶԣҪλˣѱȵ죡
ڣ˱վǵǰ
Ŀ⣬˳һ˵ϣ˵Щʿǵ֧ǵУѾٮٮߣֱλٷ򳤡һΣǾŸټ֮ˣȡʤģҪλٷһսǰˣͳ֮λλٷ֮һ
Χ˶˿Ǹеѹ
ǹȥյԴԶˣҲӲȱߣЩǿˣʵصΪǿ
ˣ⡭Ǵ˾˵˼
Ҽɽ΢΢üʵ
ôɨ˳ɽһۣʵ
ңۿ˶ûɽæҡͷ֮ǰŲСλǹȻŸɣûκκô
ǾУͰ˵İ졣˵ȴУ
Ӣ
˲䣬ڸ̨ΧĽʿͬڣ羪ףУ·У΢΢
ţ
Ȼλڸ̨֮ϣ̤նĿɨŴ֮ˣ˵ǾżҸԾټ֮ˣڱϳɡΪ˸ɫ֮ˣսΪսϳ֮˿ԹκˣȻûգΪԼûʤģѡԾ¸̨Լ䣬󣬻ǰٷ򳤣
ϸ̨֮ˣɱ¾ǣԾ¸̨֮ˣκ˲ٶ֣Ī飡
ڣƳһѹϢ˲Уϵϡ
һסϢüͷһơ
ԴȥɽǿҲһ˽⣬ɢϢΪҲ侳ϡΪ֮أѾǶһ
ʱ˵ڸ̨ϱɱ֮˵İٷ򳤿ȱʿеԤٷ򳤵Ρǣͬǽǧеٮٮߡ
˻˻˻˻˻

һڣŴ֮ˣ̲סһ
һȥǻս
ʱжͬʱסһˣͬʱ֣Ӷѡ
ǿЩ˵ĹǣٴοڣȻŴټ֮ˣȨϸ̨һ֧İٷ򳤡
Ļúü˫һ
Ȩ֮ˣȴֻһˡ
Ҽɽߵӡ
Ŀ⣬ϣӵü侹ȻͳɽżƣѲ˺ͳɽ֮ʲôϵ
ǳɽĶӣ𳣡
ͬʱ½Ĵڳߴ


476 
½ĻﵹҲˡ
һʵӣȻԼȨĸ׳ɽȨԣɽϣԼĶȥðա
ģֱԾ¸̨
ڳɽվڲԶλȴ֧ԼĶȥȴҲ벻ϡ
Ͼϸ̨ڽȥ
ͣȻȨˣ֮ˣˣϣҵİٷ򳤣ȻҾԲ
ҲϳûУų򣡡
ޣûʲôٷ򳤣ǳҵˣ˵ǰٷ򳤣һͨûʸ

ʱ̨Χһ˽ȻȴҲڳˣڳ֮ĸΪ˵
ɽ֮ӡ𳣡䣬νһʯǧˣŭ
֮أȻǬ½һǣҲǬ½ĴͳǿΪֻηǿߣֻ
𳣿һĻɫѿ粽˵ԼҪϳһս
ֻϧɽס˵Щϲ˵ȥ˵㼱ʲô˭Ϊٷ򳤺󣬿ս㡣
˿ɫΧš
ɽЩֶΡ￴˳ɽһۣû뵽Ͷ˳𳣵ģһ֮
ͻȻ﷢֣i͚iɫҲܲÿտʼ֪ԭ򣬿ɵΧһĿښiʱʱȻ
iԶڳټ֮˶ɵѡ
Ҳвˣɵؿļ塢žټ֮ˡ
ûһ˶ų
Цˣʶ³׳仰壬С䡱ڼһսУҲռ˱ˡ
ֵܡͻȻߴ½ƵĴ
ôˣЩ֣ʱ½ƴԼʲôʲôܵ˵
½ƵĴóȻˡ
ԭ½ʵښiΣյʱ򣬰һѣ
￴˚iһۣ½֮Բֱ˵ӦΪiҼͷ
Ҳ½ҺͲҵ˽˽⡣
ܺãȻûȨˣɣ
ʱˣƽȴӹɵ
һʱ䣬һӰӶiҲ˸̨ڳʱĶִһȴ½ĴֵܣiȥȻʸ֮ǲУϣܰѰһ·
ﲻݸ⸸Ӷ˻һġ
İɣѾˡﻹǻһ䡣
½һ㶣һߵ½ƣ̲סҡͷһЦ
˸̨֮ϣڵİˣԷվһǣֻǣڳ֮˵Ŀ⣬ښiϡ
ȸɵi죡֪˭һ䣬ʱȼ˵ߣ
ɺ嫵֮˲䣡
ֻϧǵٶȻһЩi֮ǰˣֻi̧֣֮۳һ棬Ȼ£֮һ
似ĿһЩȡ
ݡ
ʱi֮۵涯ˣһֱΧһˡ
ֻϧ;Ͼͱ⼸
Ȼ˹似ͬʱˣi˲·磬ʼñ
iǵùһȥͳʸ֮ﲻҡͷΪ˲ע⣬ҲˣȻֻӣûĹi졣
ͬʱ̨֮⣬i͚iɫѿ
ǱΪջһһսǲҵĚiǸټ֮ʵǿģ˭֪һսiǿȴҲ˫ȭѵ֡
ֻˣڵĚi챻ΧҪԾ¸̨Ҳѣ
ɱ
ʱ̨֮ϴһȣг
л̨ɱһһ
ЩˣҪi쳹ڸ̨֮ϡ
iʵǿȫΧ𽥵ҲЩסļƣڵҪ䶼˫֮䣬ӹһ˿֮ɫ
ˣҴi䣡
ʱ̨֮ĚiȻ
ԣһۣʶãҪôԼ䣬ҪôԾ¸̨
Ȼ׼iɫǺѿˣͲ𣿡
ĳĬɸ˚iõĴ𰸡
ϼһİɡʱվښiߵ½ƣ˵
iüʲô˼
̨֮ϣۿiֲ˶ˣ˵ӣȺԼԾ¸̨
iĴظһƴӴܣ
ߣǳ֮ǰռõλã
飡
һŵħݺ߳Кi壬߷ɳΧȺ˷Ӧȥ׷ʱѾԾ˸̨
̨֮⣬i˿ͬʱȻ½Ƹղŵ˼һ˿󣬡ϼһǷһ顣
½Ƶ˵Ƿҵ黹𣿡
㣡iüͷһ壬Ҫ쭡
ףi˚i
iһϼһҲңҾͲƽϣ
ͻȻ½ɫһ䣬ãǶϳֵˡ
̨֮ϣｫi߳ȥÚiлӵʣµˣĿˢˢϣ¶ɭȻɱ⡣
Ϊʲôߚi죿һɫһʵ
С½ҵˣ½ҺͲãi죬֡һΣٺһѣΣͻȻһߴ˲м˳һۣ
ã
ԣ

ʱĻõ˴˵ͬ⡣
Χһ˲䣬Ӱӳ׼ԸǶΧסóĻᡣ
ಣ
ʱһѸȭХһɿµ֮ǣںϰȴ֮ǰҪ˺Ըĸߴˣ˲佫һ˵Դ򱬣Ѫһء
˺úݵֶΣĶ֡
ڻų̂ʱ򣬳ͷߴ˵Ŀ⣬ʱˣҲԣŲǳìܡ
񣬽עϵĻᣬһԼľɳ
ɣ
񷣬㱰ɣ

ʱ̨֮⣬ټ˵ǸˣɫΪѿ
ΧУҲһ֮û뵽ߴˡ񷡱ʱɱˣûмͬ
λҪΧ𣿡
￴һΧԼߵˣǸֲõЦݣǿҪСˣԼġѡҲܻᰵǵͷ
ʵ㲻óѣߵҲûΧ
ɱ˺ǵע뿪˳
Լ棬Сӽҡ
ɨһۣһЦѴ֮ɱ֣ˬǰСӣӰҵķϣҸһᣬԾ¸̨䣡


477 ȫԾ
ҲһᣬҪôԾ¸̨Ҫô
˫Įؿ񷣬һ䡣
ղŵΪǼΪмġ
ΧųˣҲ˵һԣ˭뱻˰㣬Ǳɹǿɾ͵òʧˣµؿŶŵĳ񷣬ƺ˽ٳ֡
һ̣˺һĬ
̨֮⣬iص˚i͚iߣۿʱĵ΢־ȣ½ơ½游Ӷϵ΢Цʱһʱסˡ
½ҸӶġ
ϼһ½ҾټСһĶǲУԾ¸̨öi½ƣϾղ½ҾټǾ˚iһ
½ƵһЦϼһúۿžǡãһɱˣ̨
һɱ䣡
½ƵֻΧļһʱ䣬½֪⣬ɫǴ䡣
½ҵ䣬i죬Ҳ˶١
ǚi죬Ҳ˵һɱ䡭
ʱ˵Ŀ˸̨ϵĳϣ·ҪпʲôҲ͸ͨͨˣ˿µʵ
СӣȻҪѰҾͳȫ㣡
һĿ֮£磬Ӷһֻͻ˳
񷶯ʱ򣬳Ҳˣֱӭȥ
˶ؿͳｻڳһЩǿһ̣ͬʱ˫ͫһΪǿ˽ʱһŰĺɫ⣡
̨˽Զս
һ̡
䣡һһ˫ӣȻ£Դ棬һ̯Ѫ۶Ŀ
ˣ
һ棬
񷣬ҵſϵӵܣ츳ȴΪˣܵصࡣ
˭û뵽ջôңһͶ
һһ˺ˣɫޱȣȻû뵽ֽ񷣬ôˣǼĴ
һ̣ϣûϹ̨ܱסһ
ʱ˿Ŀ⣬޾ɱ⣡
ţ
̨ϿգĿڳϣ΢Щ죬û뵽⣬ˡ似
ɱƽĿƽӹٴеˣĵ֮壬˵ϣһϣ¸̨
ĵ֮壬ƥȻҲðֵ֮ȴĵֱ֮˺
ɫɷףСΪֻ侳һصߡ
ʲôЦôҲ侳ߣһͱˣ
䣡
ܿ죬һɫףҧҧ˸̨Ȩ
Ҳ䣡
Ҳ䡣
˽Ծ˸̨
һʱ䣬̨Ͼֻʣ³һӡ
Ȼ̤ǰһ
䣡ĽŻû£ӾٴУæ䣬³֣ʱ˸̨
ǰһĻҲȻ
̨ΧҲˡ
Ψи䣬Լ䣬һ㶼գܻܱҪǿ
ˣŴ½Ҿټ֮ΪʤߡСһʲô֣
仰ǶԳ˵ġ
ˣҽгӦһ
˵ͷֿԶһȺͺȵŴˣ֮ǰԤٷ򳤶桭ĸٷ򳤣ϸ̨еڶֻսһ䣬վˡʤΪͳ졣
һ䣬ĸ꽫Խ˸̨˵ϸ̨Ĭһ˳ȻǴȽ˳
Щƽɣ
Ŵ֮ˣ˷ȥ֮⣬˴֮˿һĻü
ĸеٮٮеһ˵ϻս̨ƫ̻еô
ǿ㣬컹Ҫȥͳ֮λܸ㣡
ĸٷУһų˵
ţһ˶Գһͷǿߣ㲻֣Ҳţɫİٷ򳤡
˫һһЦҪȥǾҪǵıˡ
֮䣬ϾŲħ;Ųͬʱ֣
γһ֡
ϣ
ĸٷ򳤼ͬʱ֣Ĭйġ
໥䶼սѣҪ˻ᰵԼǵעȫڳϣʩչԼȫֱӳ
䣡
һˣȭпɽ֮ƣ

һˣƣټħ֮кѹǳݵơ
ಣ
ˣ֮ǹìÿì⣬ǹݺݵضų£·Ҫȥ
һˣ磬ãͷ֮ϣ˺Ӱֱ֣ӳ츳ͨ
ȥڣø̨Χ˶Ϊһ亹
½Ҽ½ƺ½棬ɫҲޱȣû뵽ξŴҪͳ֮λ龹˿̡
ڹȥǴûз¡
ĸ޼䣬ûκβɵ侳ߣȫ֣ȻʵǿҲѵ¡
һ̣ûΪʤϣ
̨Χһ¶羴֮ɫȻ̨ϵǸΪ˻ϾҪ¸̨ʵǵõǵϿɡ
ڸ̨ϵĸٷ򳤣ǽǧѡٮٮߣķڷĴڡ
ǿλٷ֣һ̾ͻᱻ̨
ۿ̨֮ϣλٷ򳤵־Ҫڳϣ˼ס˺صȴһ̵ĵ
䣡
ۿλٷ򳤾ҪгȻ䣬һ죬ſµԸ̨ɢ
һյĹ⻪˲ڳͷ
ʲôͨ
˶棬﻽ʲôͨʱһըװ㾪ڳˣһѶӴצ˲ڳͷ
צצһƬƬ˸˵ĹԳ֣βͶˡ
Ŀ֮£βֻ΢΢Ӷһٷ򳤾ͱУֱӻɳȥ˸̨
飡飡飡
һ̣ٷҲ̱˸̨
˵һٷû׼Ļٷ򳤼ȫʩΪͼͨɾˣǵͨǰôС
ͨôǿ𣿡
̨Χˣһ˴ڣһɵˡ
½ƺ½棬Ҳǵһο﻽츳ͨ
û뵽ͨȻͨһô̬ͨǿΪ֮Ĳ
һ˵ͨҲδǿ
ɳͨȴ걬һ㣬ֱһ侳߽׵ڰ


478 ͳ조
֪ͷצʧ˵ǰ˲ŷӦ˹
֮ǰΪһ仰³ˣЩ£Һûκγɾ³ˣҪȻﵱʱ͸¶ɱ⣬֡
½ҡΪλͳ죬ͳܡ
ʱ
ͳˣ
ڵͬʱĸĺ¸̨İٷ򳤣ٴηϸ̨ɫȻżֲ԰ףǹԳ
ͳˣ
ͳˣ

һʱ䣬УƳĽǧʿĿⶼ˾η
ǿʵ۷ǣ
ˣΪٷ򳤡ʱĿ⣬ټϣ˵ھη䣬ǵͳԷ䡭
˵Ӳѵ¶Цݣͳ죬ϲ
л˺񰮡æֻǣڵ˼ȴУඥ˾ټ档
˿̣ʣֲ֪οڡ
˵ˣǸˣ־ͳ֮λ뿪֮أ
ʱĻó˿
һº󣬽Ѱ㣬ǰඥʱ˾пգټ㣬ϵ
ĻʱӦһ
ǵͳ죬պϣܹܺµˡ£ĸٷ򳤣ǻΣϣ֡
ֶԳ˵һ뿪ˣȥ硣
ʱ̨֮ĸ֮ˣΧкͳ죡
ͳ죡

ԭмڿһ۵ˣʱǺ档
ֵܣϲˡ½ơ½游Ӷ΢Цϲ
Ҫл½ָᡣҡͷһЦ̹Ȼ
ֵܣϲ
ʱҸҲϲЦĚi죬ҲѵöԳһЦ
ͳ֮ʹĻ˸ľټ֮ˣ˸ȥ͚iһԽ½ҸӺͲҸͳš
ֵܣпջ½ҿ½Ц
Ȼƻ½ء½֣ʱչƣʲôʱˣתһȥӹЦûơ
½ҡͷһЦҪô鷳ˣֱǡ
ǾͶл½ˡм
ۿ½һȥ͚iߣiһ󣬺ʣ׼ôǼˣҿǵЩˣЩô
ﵭһЦǷܱټ֮ˣҲôݰ
iһ㶣Цˣ⵹Ǹð취
ٴλصУĸٷ򳤵֯£ǧѾ룬ϸ̨ͬʱҲi졢ڵ˽
˶Ǹټ֮ˣ˵ǡս
ͳˣܿ죬ĸٷҲ˸̨Գһ󣬸һվ
ղźͳһսǴĵλͳ졣
λӽտʼұǵͳ졭֪ϵͳ죬ǵлٻЩ˲Ҹǻᣬ˭սʤˣͳø
һڣǿżɽˮ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡
̨Χʿһɵˣܿ죬˺ͳˣһģǵǿλٷ򳤣ҷ㣡
ԣҲ㣡

һʱ䣬Уͬ
ûɳͳ죬ǿϵģԼʵ۷ˡ
ܺá
ͷֵ֪Ƕµλٷ򳤣ﶨǺܷȻǲսͳ죬ұһᣬսЩٷ򳤡˭ʤǣԴΪµİٷ򳤣Σ
仰еסˣ漴ľǼкͻͳӢ
ͳӢ

һ̣˭ظоЩĵź
ǿʵ۷ǣûжλٷǵϵǿߣҲķڷˣرеˣǶô
ͳˣ̫ðɣλٷ֮һЩʵ
ȻҲ޳ɳʣµİٷ򳤱Ͼǵ˶ģǸټ֮ĲЩѵҪİٷְ֮
ʲô֣￴򿪿֮ˣ΢Цʵ
ͳˣҽʯšٷ򳤲ҳɣæص
ʯţô˵ǿЩټ֮˰ɣﵭһЦֿ˰iڵˣʣλǿɸҽ̨½ǧǿ˵ս
û
ﻰһ䣬iһͬϳ
Ҳ˳˼ʵڹ⼤ˡ
ʯؿ˳һۣû뵽λͳױʱЩټİٷǾܾǺܶ¡
ǲܾܾǶ
Ҳû
Ȼ𳣣𳣵һˣΪų֮̂ˣڳһʼľ
ֻǣ񿴳𳣾ȻӦ˿Ŀ˱仯
Ҳû
û

ܿ죬ĸԵ֮¸̨֮ˣҲʾû
ܺáͷ漴һͿi죬ٷ򳤣һɡʣµˣȥɣ
ʱ˳ڸ̨ϣ˶ȥ
̤ն𣬸Ÿ̨ΧĽǧ˵λᡭϣǿǵǿ˳սٷ򳤣Ͼٷ򳤲ܸÿ˶һս
һʱ䣬Щ˲Լͬؿˡ
˷ɢڸЩбϵǿ֮ˡ
ʵֻʯ֮¡
ֻǣ˶ûеϸ̨˼ښiϵĿ⣬˼ɵԲΪʵʤi졣
ûս
ЦˣȻˣiʽΪİٷ򳤣ǿ
ûС
ûС
ûУ

ǧ׷ҡͷϡϡ䡣
ʱüͷһ壬ƥĵ֮壬ڽǧϣЩֻǵ侳ߵܵĪѹ
һЩ侳ɫҲΪѿ
Ƕе֣ͳΪͻȻͷˡ
ûԷ𣿴㣡ʱ￪ˣըףһЩΪ͵ɫס
ûУ
һ̣ͬЩдǧһףӪӪضΪ֮
ܺãӽ󣬚iǹϵİٷ򳤡ͷԚiһЦֿ˳𳣡
𳣣
iȥ󣬳𳣵˸̨
ȥ󣬳ͷ֣֮ǰ켣ȺΪǿĽĿⶼȣԾԾԡ


479 ̫
Ҫս𳣰ٷ򳤣
Ŀ⣬Įɨ̨ǰĽǧʿ˵
ң
ң

һʱ䣬ԾԾԡ
վڸ̨ϣɫ΢ӵĸоܲܣСŽԿ׳󣬴˿ĿֻоηʱС
һУֳһĨɱ⣡
󣬽ǧйǿ֮һ粽̨𳣶š
һսɱ֣ȻĪ飡𳣵ɱ⣬￪ˣ˵
һɱѹ£ʶΪԼսˣܻΪĲ¡һŭ֮²бɱˣպ˭ŷ˭Ҹ
ٷ򳤣ˣ
̨ĽԳһֱ֣ӳ֣֮۳ɸ󿪴˳𳣣Űİ֮żֺ֮ԴԴϵơ
ڳ𳣣֮Ҳγɽӭȥ
ת˲֮䣬˾˵һν棬ԸʤһĽŽĺӹֻҪ΢һЩɣ
｣һת£ݺڽϣ˸̨
лٷ飡
ȥĽ̲ס£ͷϸð亹ָм𳣵л
𳣶˵ͷ漴ˣڣֵˡ
㵽ǳ˱֮⣬ϵǿλ㵽һʱ
𳣹˹֣ͬٷ򳤣¸ʰ·磡
죬ʶ𳣵ʵǶԳ𳣵ƫȻ޴棬֪һλʵİٷ򳤡
ţʣµҲԵ˸̨ǵʵõнϿɡ
ﲢе⣬ܱѡˣȻż䲻ʵ
ʯٷ򳤡￴ʯţʣƽʱǵЩʲô
ʯŹصͳˣ»ҪҪľץѵϾǸ涼Զ֧
˵ͷǽһʱ䣬ͲٷһڽηǸµĽʿǱԼɡһҪȥ׼׼һºǰ
ǣͳˡ
ʯŹһԵĚiҲɵͷ
һ˦ƹ񣬽һ£Լ˽ӪΪͳ죬˽Ӫ豸ȫӦоС
һ£Ҳȥ½ĲЩôȤͳҲ˶ãһ˴˾Ҳ뿪ʱˡ
һվԼõӣһգû߳Ӫʣš˵Ӫôãûȫ
ջҪ뿪Ĵתת
Уʱͷ֣УһˣһǶȥˣ
˼ĴѲӵĽ֪һȺ˳ȥȾˣҲȻЩһһȥȾƣҲŵˡ
磬ӪĿʹһӵ
ͳˣʱڽ
ţۣüͷ΢壬߳Ӫʣ֪ԭµһȺȥȾƣ͵ڶˣ˶࣬ھ¥ռϷ磬˵ڶ
֪Ǹջûã˼ҵڶѹѹһƬˡ
ʱ򣬷ֿУϣµʮٷ򳤣Žǧһ˶ţΪ׵ʮһˣһˣһӣͳס
ͳ죬֮ʱ¥ϰ֤ȳԲѷǵ˻ںȳ֡˵ףӦɣ𳣶ŶΪ׵ӣɫ
ʲôҲ˵ͳֺ˿𳣷
ǣһССİٷ򳤣Ҳͳ˵
ǵͳأΪλѵǿͳ죿
ţһ֧սĶ飬ҲҺǵڶа壬֪

ʮˣȿֺǵڶİٷ򳤡
ٷ򳤣ô£䵽ˣȴûȺ֮󣬴ʚi졣
Śi촫˵Ҳ֪ȥ
ԭһȺȥȾƣڶԡˡݳˣ˵ĻȻһЩѪյĽ̲סڷ
˭֪ԷȻֱӳ֣
ԷˣʣµĵȻῴͬ۸֪ڶҲͰˣֱӱǸſˡ
ô˵ռ˫𣬺һš
Ҫ뿪
Ȼյȴǵͳ졭˲ˣȻᵱͷڹ꣡
֣ʯţʲôˣ
˸Ƿ˶˫м䣬¶ŭʯһۣʵ
ͳˣʯɫæ
ͳˣ
һʱ䣬ǧԳ
ǵͳ죿ˣҲǵڶͳ쿴˳һۣ΢Щѹ֣漴мһЦŴûˣȻһëͷСӳΪͳ죡
˵ʲô
ʱµİٷɫ䣬ŭ
ô˵һЦ漴ֿ˳㻹ʶңҽһ£ǵڶͳ졮¹
ŶﵭӦһ䣬ɫһó̫ӡ
Сӣͳڸ˵ʲô̬ȣ
¹һٷ򳤣һŭɳ
΢΢˫ۣĿȫٷ򳤵ϣʵûϵףӦֻһٷ򳤰ɣ
ΣٷһһҲѳ
ݡ
ڶٷ򳤻˲䣬һƺӹڳ֮˼һܿʲôǸٷ򳤵ĺѾ͸ʬݺݺ䵹ء
һٷ򳤣ҲͳǰСУûйأ
һɨϵʬ壬ǧݵĿ£̧ͷɫ࣬嶼Щĳ¹ͳ죬ӦòҰܽ˰ɣôûò֮ˣ۵ڶͳ죬̫֪мΪ˺Ⱥ֮ҷڵ£岻ݴǡ
㡭㣡
¹ɫָ࣬ųһʱᡣ
ǧֻоüʲôţƣͽţƣ
˼ͳ棬˼ҵİٷ򳤸ɵˣ˼ͳһ仰˵
ڶ˵ķӦȻͬһŭų·ֻҪ¹һ£Ǿͻȥ˺һ㡣
ڣ¹Ƴ֮ݺݵضųڶˣƺֲͳܰɣ


480 𶯹
Գ¹ʣﵭһЦͳ죬һ֪ƽʱûʲôʱܽΪͬţҰͳһѣΪѳΪȺ֮ҲӦõġͳ죬Ĳлң̫
һĻõĽһ飬ЦЦ
֮ǰû֣ͳ˻ôһ桭
ԭΪҲǸй١һ
㡭
¹ˣĻķζըϿµ֮ӿλ磬ֱӳһ־ȫʩΪ·Ҫ͵ػɱ
˲䣬ͷ֮ϣ֣ͨѶͨһβͺڳ¹ϣֱӱ˳ȥݺˤڵء
ۣ¹ɫһ죬³һѪڼĲǿվĿУ˼ɵ
û뵽ĵͳ죬Ȼô£
һʱ䣬Ͳ²ԷΪ
ͳ죡
ԭ΢Цݣ˲һ䣬ˮͺһͷ֮ϵӴͨеһսսŭˣ
кӹͳҺİܽ㾹ҳ֡Ǻĵ¿ηΣҳշ»աڶ֮ˣҶҵһëһ
в˶һĻ
ڶˣɫ׷ɫ䣬û뵽ͳôԵһ֧սĽôоǻ
ҲʶԷʱ
ǵڶǿıͳ¹һΪ侳أɻǱԷ׾ˣ
¹Ļ³˼Ѫһɨ𣿽֮£ұػȥҵҪθ˽
Цˣ˫΢΢һУôõѹңܺáȻҪִ֮Ǳִ󣡼𣬵ڶ֮ˣһ˸ҳ֣ɣ
һ䣬ըף
ǧʿͬӦ
ڶ֮ˣȻҵӪ£ȶǳ֣֮ͬ顭ҵ翹ͬЭżѵؽӪأ
ÿһĶУֵ˵סֳ
ǣ
ĽЦˣͬӦ
ڶĽɫ࣬оܵ޾衣
ۿ֮绯˳һӿڶмȽӲİٷ򳤣ɫһһֵǣƴˣ
ֻǣǻ䣬Ѷ䣬鲼ʵצ֮β£⼸ֱըһѪԶʧؼ䡣
סҵĻ֣һ
ڸ߿֮ϣŽµĵڶ֮ˣ
ʱڶ˶Ĭˣɵӿȭߣѡҧܣһ˸ٻ֡
㡭㡭Ҫ㲻ú
¹һĻ³һѪֱӻ˹ȥ
Ϊڶͳ죬һǵһܵ裬Խܡ
Ű򣬾ʱʱڶҲȫ˶ӪأվŽųȥ
۵һ棬ѡ
ǽ˶ȥ󣬱㶼صУгʮӣÿһӵǰ棬һλٷ򳤡
ѹѹǧվǰվڸ̨ϵĳЩ¶
ˣô࣬ûʲô¾Ͷɢ˰ɡ˻֣һЦ
˭֪ǧһɢȥ˼
ţʲô𣿡һɻʵ
ͳˣʱʯվ˳Գｲڳÿһ˵ֵǶ㣡
ң
ȻжһЦһνİɣ֮£ǵڶ£֮㳲ֱӴǵӪء£Ǵ˶У˾УҲ޴
ͳˣ˺ʹ˾Ըһе
ʯһֱԵ
һе
һе

У֮УнԱȾ
˫𣬶ǰһȺ˷Էθƽָж
ɢ˰ɡ˵˵ͷתȥ
Щһֻǹͣ뿪ټǡ
Ӫ֮⣬ˡŰڵϣνƺ嫣ƽʱ·ҲԴԴϵػ˲ˣֵˡ
ⲻڶ𣿡
ǣǸǵڶͳ죬¹
ԣҲϳˣһһ桭ʱҾͲûӣû뵽Ǳ
ǵӪأô
Ͳ֪˰ɣҿ˵ˣڶƵˣһٶȫˡҲ֪һٶˣȥƱ˽ǧˡ
ǰɡ
ӦӪرģǺ˿˭ˡ

Χ֮ˣ׷ţЩڳ¹ĶУٴ³һѪֱӻ˹ȥ
һհһΪĻ档
һƽʱҫҪôģҪôϵģѵڶȥǵͳ춼ˣҪ˿ȥ
ʱˡ
˶棬սĵôô뺷ڶ˶˿
ⳡ־磬һһҹ
ֱڶ峿İٷ򳤿е֪֪ڶĳˡ
Դˣһ㣬ƽޱȡ
磬֮ҲˣڵӪӪ֮ˣһӡ
ֻһۣϳӿɲǵ֮
ͳ죬ɡкһڿն
Ϊ֮ˣڹϿշӶУһ˸Ҷ
ͳ죬㻹ǺֶΣ˵ڶӪ˴Ϊˣ˺˳һۣ˵
ﵭһЦӦòҵɣ
ͳ죬ܴҡͷһЦ£Ѿȫˣǵڶ£³ȡֻǣͳǷҲΪ֮ˡڶϾҲˡ
̾˿֪ұҲϢˣ˭֪ڶੲݣֻٷ򳤳ңͳ¹ҲֱӶҳ֡ҲǴԱ⡣
ͳ첻ؼжΣµûй˼ҪȻľͲңִˡ˵˵
󣬳һ·ܿ뿪˹
ó̲סһڹ֮УصҲΪ档


481 
λԱȺɽ֮УʶǵפصĴɽĺ嫣֮ضһĽȺȴҲôȡ
˵Ĵ£ܿһ̻Ի͵ĹУ
ˣ
æ
΢΢ͷ˳һۣͳ죬տֳ˴󶯾
΢һЦ˼£¡
֣Ҷ֪´ˣɣΪͳ죬Եˮඥ
ඥ
һ¶ڴ
½ƿе֪ඥ侳һֱӿ侳أԣǺܴջ
ˮλԶһռСĺˮ峺ס
Щˮ֮ϣԼһֵУЩ۳һŹֵطƣںˮš
ĸоأء
ˮ֮ˣɵõඥܵõٵĻԵͿԼˡֿ˵ֻһʱʱ䡣
ͷĿⲻǰˮоˮĺˮŵطƣ̺Ϣȵʳʱӿ¡
ƺ߼
ȥɣܿ죬Ķߴ
һûκγɣһԾûˮɲǣֵһĻˣһɫۣˮͻΪ٣ˮڡ
ˮĺϣԿ³֪ϰСȫʧ
˳һۣ˫һ֮أһ壬û˽ȥҲ֪ǷܵõϿɡ
ԣ֪ﲢ֮صˣ
һУȴǲ֪ڵˮоԼʶ𽥵˶ĿƣͺǻعԼһ㡣
ô£
ͷһزԼ廹ڲϵ׹Χˮͺħص壬̼µëף·Ҫ͸޶룡
Сӣ㶯ͨʱʧһʱʣ˹ȴżֵͳԶԳ˽Զͨܲˡ
ôʡ
֮ǰζͨͨʳ֡
ԣ˯ʣԲ֪顣
ڣˣһ
ûʲôʵٴδһΣȴԵƽ˲ֱͻȻȣСӣʲôط
ʲôˮ˵
ˮʶһ
֪ɻʵ
ʳĬƬ̣֪
΢΢üܾѺЩŹ֣֮ǰһ㣬Ҳû⡣
ڣءˮڵˮ͸ȫµëףԴԴϵӿ֮УͬʱԲ֮Ķ
ˡ
ʱ˿̣ڵĻɫתٶȣӿ֮Уر̰ա
ͬʱԷֵɫ䣬񡰺ɫɱļ
ʣ
̲סԼҪʵ⣬֮ǰ˵ڵĵʲôӣ
˵ǡ
ʲôǷӣʡ
ӣǿĴڡ۲ܽӴĴڣڰ֮ϣ˵ƽ˼ȡ
ڰ֮ϣ۲ܽӴ
һ̣ƺ˹ڰ壬ӦǰΨǿ߲򡭡
Ҳ˵ڵĵǿ߲ķӣ
˼ǣҿԳɾۣĺЩ٣֪֮ϵĴںȻΪ
зӴףȥɾۣ¡ʵ˵Ҳ֪ǲǳˣоʵ䣬һ˿ļ֮⡣
˫۷Ź⣬鼤
ʱַ֣ˮڵˮӿõڣ֮ʼһּٶɱ䡭
侳ء
侳أ
Լ֮Ĳκ󣬳﷢֣֮ɱٶȻеȴڼ
һֱ侳۷ٽ㣬֮ų׻
½˵ĶġһоԼ忪ʼˮˮųҲ֣Լʶ»ص档
ֽ΢΢һж硣
뿪ˡһ׼뿪
ȵȡ
ʱʵͻȻ֣óһôˣ

ʱûȵʿڣ͸оüһţųԼĺˮȻüģӿԺ
˲䣬ֻоͷĿѣһԴĸо
ʣʲô̲סʵЩˮüֱӽʶͨڣͬʱͨϢʼת䡣
ֻǣ۳ѯʣȴǳûϢ
ˮˮӿüģ»Ϊٴĳ״̬
ͬʱˮ⡣
ƽˮ棬ͻȻһȦγһļУԽԽ죬·Ҫ춼̽ȥ
ţ
֪ʱγˮϿգüͷ΢΢𣬡һʱˣȻûˮƺ䣬ѵһ˾ԤеǸˣ
ﵽ˫貵Ĺ⻪
ˮڣҲ֪˶ãֱˮֹͣӿüģʶڵͨȻһĸо
ָоǿң
СӣʵĻסġʱʵͻȻ˵źֵĻ
ʣҪʲôһţһֲԤС
ʲôʵżֿ⣬Сӣԭֻ뿿ͨӵ֮ϵİ£ֻǣû뵽ҵһˮ֮һ
ʵЦóٴУʲô
Сӣƾˮĺˮʵ꣬ѻָȫʢʱڡãҪʲô
ʵžӸµ˵춼ڰңҲֻھܵõһµ壬пԺ츳ͨƾ跨ӣ³ɾʣͻƵۣкѣ
ʵݶóͷƤ顣
ʵ˼ˣҪȡԼ塭
ʣΪʲôôûжԲ㡣һ
Сӣ̫ˣϣʲôⶼǼٵģΨо춯صġʵŲмڽ
㵱Ϊܶȡҵ壿
һͳҸһᣬϹҵͨĹ»Ұ


482 ˾
һ᣿
ʵϷʣСӣٸҹŪ飬ĵϸһһҪл㣬һϾҵˣ
ſЦʱʶԼʶһ֮ʹ
̲סƺһ
ʣҸᡣޱȣʳֵɲǣλʶһľͨͻȻһɿµϢϢԴȪ֮ݳһϲ
תۼʶ
ʾһڳָƽɲǣüһڲԶ۳ΣһƼǿꡣ
ȫʢʱڵ꣡
ˮУֻɢϢóеϢ
ǡǿߵϢ
ˮ⣬ۿԽԽ죬ȥһ̽ͻȻס˽Ų͸¶˼ɫңңŽµĺ
оʵϢ
ˮ¡
ˮڣȴֻһ˴ڣǾǳ

ͻȻһ紵ߣϢһˡ
һɫĳ۵ˣò㿡һԵӣҪϵʣ˴һů⣬һ˫ӣ·̲޾ǣԿ͸һС
˾
ˣ΢һ
ˣĴ˾ǿĴڣ֮ǿ֮һֻ̤ʵĴڡ
ǸгСһ
˾һˮϣתУʵ
ǡͷҲ֪ʲôһʱȥûˮ£ǳʵϢ
ʡ
˫һӹһ˿Ĺ󣬵˵ɡ
ˮڡ
״̬ʣһżֲôܡ㡭ôܱƳҵ꣬ô쵽ģ
ô쵽ģ
ǰʵ꣬˫ͬʱͷ֮ϣ֣ͨ

֮ͨϣ˲һݺݵغʵ֮ϣʱʵ׻͵һή˼֡
ͬʱʵĲҽ
ͨҽйʵУżֿ־塣
ڣǷ񻹾ڹŪ飿Ц֮ͨϣ֮ɨ׾ٽʵֻʣһ˿ʱֱܱӷ롭
֣ͣʵУżֿ־塣
ţĮɨʵһƲл꣬˵㻹ʲôҪ˵
ҸղֻǺ㿪ЦЦûжġʵУżֲôҲû뵽Ժŵͨһֽͨ
ͨר꣬ʼҲ⣡
Цģһ漴ЦˣǾͼЦ
һ䣬ͨĽ֮ٴκݺݵغʵϣʲϵطҽУ֮ңҰɡ
ո߸ϵʣ벻Լջ䵽ء
Ŀļʻᣬȴûϧ
ʵĲҽ
꣬Ҳͨѹޡ
ʳʧؼ󣬳˿Щ£Ǿͨн֮¾ҪôҲû뵽ȥûбֳκζߵʣ˷Ҫٵ꣬ȡ壡
һ̤ˮ뿪ˮ
ˮ棬ͷ֣֮⣬ǰһˣվλãȰ˺һЩ
µ˰˵ݣ˾
ˣҲǴ˾΢΢һЦЦһ󴺷磬ó΢ѹֵ泩˲٣ͳ첻ض񣡡
ȥɣЩͳ˵
ţˣҲǴ˾һۣӦֱȥ
Ѿ˼Ϊͳ죬ӦþΪ˼Ұɣ
˾˳һۣǵӣ·ܽﳹ׿͸
һҲûǡ
е֣ѵ˾Ǵ½Ҹӿе֪ˣҲûʲôˣλ˾͵ˡ
⣬һ֪
˾˵Ҫ뿪֮أҲûа취
ԣĿһ
뿪ˣ
ΪӰ飬˿Ҳ泩˲١
ֻǣܿ죬˾һ仰óݲһ͡
Ҫ뿪ҪԼ˾˵
Ϊʲôüͷ΢壬һ⡣
˾̾˿ֵҪ뿪ҪȥѰһǼӡһĽ罫飬ʱ뿪
˫ͫһɻʲôôţƣ
˾ʵѵҲǸüʣ˾ΪǿĴڣ֮ǿ֮һʵͺʲôòģ
֪ʲôȻҵϧǣҸ֪ʲô˾ֵ
֪ʲô
סˣ̲ס˾֪ʲôȥѰⲻǹΪ
·𿴳˳˼˾һЦǶһ֮ˣѰáΨ㣬Ѱá
Ϊʲôɻ
Ϊһһ˾Ԥеġǡ㽫һ壬뿪֮أں嫹Ǭ½˾ֵ
Ԥԣҡҡͷɲⶫ
֪Ϊ֪𣿡˾ʡ
Ӧ½˸İɣ
ǡ˾ҡͷ˵꣬һ˾Ҳҵʦ֮ǰһΪ컯̡ʦԱѪơ컯̣һãǾԤ֮˳ʱᷢʾ֮صһ컯̾ͷ˾ʾʱ򣬾һ֮ǰ
˵˾˳һۡ
ͫһȫĸо֮һ£½涼֪Ƹǰ֮ˣתһ룬Ӧûܡ
ѵǸʲôһ˾ԤԻģ
һʵ˾Ȼ˵ԤеˣȥѰǼ֮أ䲻Ǭ½ȴҲޱȣҪҵǼ㶼֪ǺĶ±ȴ뻹ѡ
˾˵ģʦ׼컯̣˾ʾԤ֮˳֣԰Ԥ֮ˣѰһ뿪Ƭ֮ص
ͷҲûīֱԵ˾Ȼˣ㽫컯̸ңȥѰǼ
˿̵ĳļ١
֪л뿪֮أеļԱ޲ھȥѰǼصĶڡ

˾֮䣬϶һԲε̣˸ŵİ׹⣬̵ݸ˳ڳӹ֮һͻȻɢһƱɫĹ⻪


483 뿪
һĻ˾˫һʦԤԣˡ컯̣һǵһμִ˵ͳ죬һδͰˡ
˵˾Ҳޱȿ
ҡͷһЦ˾αˣҲΪԼ뿪֮ء
컯ֱ̣һɲǣһѪĸоֻˣﻹоŲѰȴҲࡣ
ʱ˾ֿˣ컯̣ΪУ˿ѰǼ⻹һ׼䲻ȴҲޱߣ
׼
˫һѹָо컯̣һ˿֮
ԣͻȻ컯̣˫һǻʲô
̲ס𣬵׻µ˵ѡʱǸλսɶһģһŮӡУһѰĽ
ʱҲȷϱĽΪԶ
컯̱ȽϣĽ֮ͬȻĽӦҲһ׼
˾׼λʦƵģһʡ
Ȼǡ
˾ҡͷ̾˿컯̣Թ֮˵ǳһλǿ֣֮λۣͬʱҲһλʦ
ۣ
˫һ
˾˵ңҲֻ۲εʦƳ׼
һ˿̣һʱǱĽҲ׼ܺйϵ
컯̺ۣԲ
뿪֮غ󣬱ȥұ
Ŀһ˾۴ڣϵɶңֱҵ۴ڳ֣ԼĸҲ塣
Ͼģʲһģһ
˿̣Ӽ˾ʵ˾컯ã
˾ҡͷһЦҪԼˡ֪ãҲҪȥѰǼ
Ȼȷʵ
ˣ׼ȥ
ֻǣȥ֮ǰ˵ˣڶˮ뿪Ҳζǣʱڶ˿²ưոݡ
ⲻԸ⿴ġ
˾￴˾
㵣µĵ˾һЦǵӣ·ܶһ뷨漴ֵ뿪֮ǰ㶼ǵͳ졭ڴ֮ǰеڶͳ죡
л˾
æл˾ǰоԼͺ͸Ĵڡ
ţ˾Խ͵֮⡣
ôȥӿ˾ҲЩȣĿУ˼־η
֪ǾŴãҲû˾Խͳ
ͳ죬ڴ˾еĵλȻͬ
ͳ죬ϲϲصȻǳﾭˮඥı仯
ӵͷҲ˶Է̬Ⱥͱ仯
ȻҲܲµԷ˵ԭ
ӵһҪȥһ½ңһ·ϣͷˡ
ӵͷ΢΢һЦ󣬷ȥ
½Ҹۡ½濴ﵽҲЩϲֵܣտǳ׵׳Ϊˡ
ͳ조һ֮ڶ£մһʱ䣬ֿŵİ汾
˵ĳͳֻǴ˸磬ڶ˾ȫſˡ
˵ͳսֻһۣڶ˾ȫˣɳ˵Ӫء
ߣֱ˵ͳվɵڶ˳֣֮ͽԷȫˣ

½֪Щź󣬳ҲɹŹֹߡ
½֣ǿƵģˣʡ
ˣ½΢ЩΡ
ôˣɻʵ
ȥ㣬ֻƺȥ½ֵ
ɫŹ֣½½ӵĸۡʱͿֳ޵ı壬ϣһЦݲõСŮһغݣݣ
̲סЦˣΪ½ɫôŹ֡
硣СŮ˳Ƶı˹
ｫСŮЦþò벻ң
롣СŮһͷ
СӣˡʱƣҲָСƹģܻ
ƣ׼뿪ˡǸһߣЦʡ
ϻȻһߣ˵ţµؿ˳ﻳСŮһۡ
У
˭֪СŮˣ磬㲻ˣΪʲôҪСߡءǻˣǻˡ
˵СŮֱӿˡ

½ΧӹֶԳʹ˸ɫ
ͷתȥ
Ʋҵæϡ
˸뿪½ĸۡĴµСպ϶ǸӶʨԺ˿Ҫùˡ
Цƣôˣ㲻Ǹͦ˵𣿡
Ʒ˷ۣСӣ˵ˣղ˵ʲô
ﻺ˾˵һתƣ˫һô˵ǽҪʼǼ
ͷ
Сӣߣ
ȻصӪؽһ¡
£ȥ˵ӪأҪǸٷʯź͚i콻һУiʵǿİٷ򳤣ʯǺǿİٷ򳤣ڵֻ֮¡
Ҫ뿪ҲûʣֻǱ֤úտõ
ˣҲ뿪
ȡ컯̣ҿûʲôߣҲ֪ôá
СӣԹ֮𣿡ѵ
Թˡҡͷ
֮أֵ
֮һ漴Ȼ򣬡ҲˣҵûʵҪֻ֮Ҫмɡ
뵽Ŀе컯ϣעҲȫС
컯еϡ
͡
տʼ컯ûκα仯ڳ׼ʱ컯еϣȻһӰһڼͷӰ
ͷָϷ
ƣûУơ
̧ͷһɻʲôҲûа
һ㶣컯һӰͷû
Ƴũؿ˳һۣСӣˣأʲôûС
Ŀһʶһ⣬ǾͷֻԼ֮ܿǰ˾ԣһ˾ԤеǸˡ
ʱôţоЩаš
컯˴仯š


484 ͨϢ
ۿ컯ϵӰͷֻԼüԴ˸Ųˡ
Լľһ˾ԤеǸˡ
ȥϣ
˵һϷȥ
ƣôûͻƣɻʵ
ҪͻƣʱԡڵһҪһصްһԣȫֻڵá˵
ȻҲ⡣
ͬΪް壬Ҳͬĵ֮е޼᲻ݡﲻƵԣûڱ˵ĵ֮м
·ϣһһڲ죬ܿ죬ƾͽתƵľϡ
ﵹҲûκڽӪط£Լǰ£һһ˵˵Ҫȡ壬ȴľͨѹʱЩֻ
ù˭岻Ȼ壡
ƻߵһƲлʱ򣬾Ҫȡ壬ʱ򣬳ľ֣ͨҷ
󣬻ԴóѪ䣬ŵԴ
Щ¡
һ·еһ˿ԹҲȻ޴ˣΪʶųܵõԶ컯ʤֻʱ⡣
һ·϶ȥһϿյ֮ϣ﷽ͣ
֮ͣΪģΪ컯̵Ӱͷʧˡ
һϿ˼ȦֻҪڳϿת컯̶ûκηӦһԶԶ뿪УӰͷͻٴγ֡
Сӣôˣʡ
컯̵ʾҪҵĶӦþС˵ţ̤ն䣬ƽ
һһ˳еһƫƧУҲû˷֡
Сӣô𣿡ʡ
һһҵһЩ˿˵׼뿪
ʱ⴫һ޿Ůԣү㣬Ȱҩͻȥٲȥҵܻܵġ
Сˣ㱾үˣүȻȥһ٬ͻأ
ţϮؿδһмɫŮ߽һ˽󣬽˽Ų٬ȡ
һĻüͷһ塣
ʱ컯̣ͻȻһȡ
ǹȥûгֹ
ѵˣҪҵĶйأһ˼һ
ʱ˷˳Ŀ⣬ܿ˳е컯ϣ˿̵컯̣˸űɫĹ⻪һͲǷ
󣬰СүȡĿһ㶣
ǣү
ʱһδ󺺷Ӷ
ߣһߣֱӺ˱δ󺺵ĶĤ
ʱδ󺺲ҽһ̱ڵأĤѪûϢ
ˣ
ץסŮӿһĻһֵؿ˳һֵۣͷ
ɫһ䣬ۿ̤㡭㲻ҪҪ
һδĻţ˫ŴǿİˣϱȻҲ˿оԼ˫ȺǦһ㡣
ҪҪۿǰɫ䣬һɧζ
ûáüЩ㵨ҲǿŮ
ſͻȻ￴ץסŮӵıδ󺺣
δûӦ
ôҪҰ㣿Ŀһ䣬ɱ⣬ñδ׹ߣæſŮӡ
ллүŮӷӦԭλֲүǺˡ
үŮͻȻʲô۰ͰͿųûгɣԲֱȥ
ȥɣҸһȥܰæ˵ͷֿӵ˺ͱδһۣ˵ʵƣҿסǡ
񣬳ﻹȷ컯Ϊ˭֮Уֻܽס
Ƶͷɫ˫ͫ˺ͱδ󺺡
߰ɡŮһЦЦŮ崺磬·ȫ˸ղŵһС
ǣǡŮӵͷæǰ·
Ůӣͷ֣컯ʱȣʧ
ȻǼŮ޹ء
ǴŮӿܵܵĲȻȥ˾Ȼˣ֮£Ҳʹһ
һ֮ܸı˵ˡ
еıߵһƷսͿŵһЩζƶĵط
Ůӿ治ɫҲЩȣҪ֪ƽʱǳͨ·üűѸͨ
ڣŮӵļңһֻаߵƷ
սһ󼱴ٵĺ
С𩣡Ůɫһ䣬æ˽ȥ
ȥһʮ塢꣬ɫһԣϣԼɢһһۣͿǷˣͻԵĸա
һ֮˲͸üģڡ
ŮĿɿڴʱ۾ڲ꣬ͻȻֹͣ˲ɫɲ԰֮ɫͬʱ촽ɬؿڣˮˮ
Ůæȥˮȡ
꣬˫ۣãؿŮһۣ㣬Һˡιҩ𣿡
ŮҡͷûУλү㣬лˡ
Ůڳǰ£ϵл
ɡﵭ˵ĿµϣΪģΪղ֮ڵʱ򣬾Ȼʶڣһ΢ϤϢ
֪츳ͨϢ
츳ͨҿ˵
үҵ츳ͨܲġԣɫ΢죬ʵػԼ츳ͨ
һӰֳһŹֳªķ߷ߵͨ֡
ԣЩȣѹ֣ԭͨ
ֻˣﻹͨ棬һ˿ϢҲ˵ͨպлɱͨ
Ҫ֪ͨͨɱͨģӵѪͨͨлɱͨ
Ҳͨӵ߲ԭ
ûôֻ侳һأʡ
ЦүֻƶлƽʱֻҪܲͲˡ
̾˿Ȥڵ
֪ԷҲͨӵߺ󣬳֮ģҲһԵ֡
ԣæͷȻ룡
룬ǽܶ˾߰ɡԶ뿪
ﵭһЦ˾
ܶԣŷӦ϶¶˿ϲ֮ɫȻȻΪǳҪǡ
ȻҪµһУ޹ˡ
ۿƺҪʰһЩҾߣﵭ˵
ܶԣ˵ͷһ뿪


485 
ƫƧУվϵضԱδʹɫ
ɱδȴûһ㡣
һֻ޺Сƹſǵȥ·ϣһ޷뿪
һֻҲ£ڣɫһǲʵ
δһ飬Ŵ֮ǰǸ˴ѹлعĿСƹϣͬʱһǰһ
Сƹ˴󺺣̧ͷµؿ
δ󺺷Сƹһ˫ɫͫף¶Իζʱס˽ŲǰŲֺ·ǰһ޾Ԩ
ɫһͺȵ
١үⲻһδһ
ûõĶһүģŭɱδһۣ粽Сƹȥڡ
ֻǣСƹԶǺͱδ󺺲жվʱסˡ
찡ʲôȻֻСƹһϷʵĿڿ
ֻһֻ
ɲǼ䣬˿־壬֮ǰǸĪӣȻֻסǣȻǶֻġ
ôˣչһ¹˵

ʱͱδɫ䣬˫ȸǷôҲû뵽һֱ޺СȻһֻ
ǿڣҲ侳ضѡ
ʱҲǽܶ˻ص
ڣ컯ϴȣóȷϣδѲ˸ϵ
ۿ޵ĶˣģˣҰɣұ֤ԺҲɻˡ
ﵭ˵Ҫ졣
ԣĿ˵
Ұǽܶˡ￴Ůһۣ˵
ԣһ㶣æͷǣǡ
·ֵ˽һۡ
Žܶ˺ƣڽȥǸδ󺺣ȥͬʬȥˣȻƽʱͬϵɱ֮ͬȴܿģκ˼
Ϊ֪һ˼ٲľ
ڽ뿪һ·Ӧ컯̴ȣȻ򣬿ԼҪҵǼѲʲôϵ
·ϣҲ֪˽ܶ˵֣С顱ܵܽС𩡱ܶˣӸտʼľҲת䵽Һͳ˵졣
տʼЩ½꣬ɽʱĹ̬ȣĵľɢȥ
꣬С޳ɡǼ޼ҵˡ
λڡĻʳǣ޼ңȴֻǻʳеһС塣
С壬޼ҵĹϵȴСͻʳǵ󶥼壬ϵƽʱһ޼ҡ
ȻЩﲢֻ֪֪Ļʳǡ
ûʲôȤĿľΪҵǼ԰뿪֮صĶֻҪҵǼͿԹˡ
֮أȻӹԶûǬ½ѹĴڣֻôϲϲѪ
޼Ҹۡλڼϣ޳ɵĴ£һ˻߽
·ϣҲɨ޳ɣ޳ɵϲûĶ²⣬ܿ޳Ǽ˴㣬ʹ޳ɵϿʼǼ
޳ɱϹϾ˰úãȥ
ȥ޳ֱȥĸף޼Ҽ
ף޳ɼף֮һһʮûκΪ֪һǸһˣ޼Ҽ֣֮
ž޼Ҽ޳һƣŭСӣʵ㣬ںˣ˰ɣ
޳ɵͷ޴ӷ
޳ɰŵĵطԺӣԺڴ𩡰ˡ͡䡱ҲħǰĹ
ؼ߽׹
йϵļ𩾪һ˫۷
ү̫ˡһԵЩ˵
ѵ㲻ܵиǰ;ﵭһЦǲʲôüͷһȻȥɣпˡ
һ㶣߳Ժź󣬶ûʲôˣʱЩɻΪγ˵п
ǻصԼԺӣ͸ԺǽؿԶӰ
һ޳ɡ
һһˣӦ޳ɵĳ
ˣ޳ɺǶŹ߽ԺУԳ
ﵭһЦ𣿡
˹ֵˣлȮ顭ĳ޷ˡ˵вǲ޼ҶȫԸ
ȵľ仰
￴޳ɣʣ֪ǽӴʲô͸Ķ
ҲûԼҪҵĶ޴ݣֻ޳ɡ
͸Ķ޳һ㶣ʼЩӦ۾ʱæҵ
ܿ죬޳ɶԳˣǰȥһұңʶһۻʵĹƷһЩȷʵ͸
ʲôüͷһ塣
޳ɿЦܶ࡭Ҳ˵
һȻվ𣬿޳ɣ˵Ҫ磬·ɣ
޳ɲ˿ߵ˴һкͽӭ˳ȥˣҲ޼Ҽһ㵺Ρ
޳󣬳һֺĽȺǰ
棬ɷд֡
ָ
ʶָԶ޼ܱȡ
ʱ޳ҲˣּĶ壬侳ǿƣ˵е侳ǿߴڡ
˵ţ޳ɻ⿴һ³ı飬ȴʼճﶼһȻһ㶼ȡ
޳һţѵ侳߶£
漴ʹԼͷԷҲͱϼ꣬츳죬֮ǿҲǵ侳ϵߡ
侳
޳Ŀһһš
޳ɵСȻ￴ҲΪ⣬ֻ֮µȵĹңУǿ֮Ҳ͵侳أµʱ򣬾̽ˡ
ͻƵ侳󣬳ȫ񼫹Сǡ
޳ɵĴ£ı磬һʮˣݼ㣬͸¶ɱ֮⣬һۣͲ²⣬ԷӦսϵĽʿ
ֻϹս֮ˣŻϢ
磡޳ɶ磬Ժ𾴡
Сɣλǣ˵Ŀ⣬˳ϣһ裬þɳֱʶ˲򵥣ҺΣգ
оЩ˼飬ˣҲͶʮң侳ͷ
ǳˡ޳æ˵ͬʱ˴˸ɫ
ԭǳֵܣֵ


486 ֺɱ
˵к£ﵱּ߽Ҵ
ˣ޳ɸں棬˽
ǵȻѹͣڳĶУôһֲ©ĶС
Сɣʲôˣ
磬Ҳֻ֪֪С
ʲô㲻֪ʲôˣּҴ
磬ʵǿ죬ڡǿȥҼңͬʱԹƷܸȤҴ㡣
ʲôŹƷֱ֪
磬嶯Ҵ뿪֮ǰҸ״˵ˣ㾡СĽ˲򵥡һͷСأ
Сȷ
Ȼ׶ֻСԡ

˵ۣﲻΪ⣬޳ɲ˵Ҳ˵
ֵܣѰҿ£˫һֱʵų˫ۣпʲôֻǣעҪʧˣĿ⣬ʼޱƽ
Ʒﵭ˵
ͬʱһ̧֣컯֣ʱ֣컯ϴȣˡ
ûϷʲôرĶҲʶƷӦȷʵ⣬ǰΪӴƷ֮ˣһ컯˷Ӧ
һֵܣ»֪ʲôطɣּңǽң꣬ΪƬءеգּҸǿƣ侳ڣ
Σﵭʵ
Σ
ôҲû뵽ôȻ˵仰һʱסˣҪּ̧ҵĵ侳ڣŶԷڿԷ˿塣
һʣֵܣȴ֪Ժη
üͷһƣЩͷҾһɢߣɡֻҪ֪Ʒʲôط㣬ּңһȤûУ
оԼķζ챻ըˣôҲּһ˳λ̳ˣ֮ӣΪսķºպսأһֽ
ɽգһƿСּҡ
ֵܣ뿪ɣҲ֪ʲôƷһѹţûзڻûĵϸԳЩɵ
һһӣ嫵һţֱӽɳȥݺݵײǽϡ
侳ΣΣڳһϣ
޳ɿˡ
ʵ侳ߣȻƵöȥ
ʱЩëæȰˣϢŭϢŭġ
ʱվһ˫˸ź⣬ѹеŭҲ˲ܿ⣬ҪƷֻܵʹȥ
ţüͷһƣ˵ãҾȥһ˻ʹƭңߣ
ĹտʼﻹɵҪѰҵĶ᲻ĹĹвɵĴڣŲֽȥҡ
ڣһССĻʳǣԣûκв
ȫΪ
֪ƷڻʹһֱʧּҴ֮С
磬Ʒͻʹȥˣ޳ɿʡ
Ȼûȥһ˻ʹ޼ȥɡ
˵꣬Ҳ޳ɣһ뿪ּҴ̤նʹӶȥ
ڳȷϻʹڡ
ûκι˼ɣֱ̤մ˻ʹҲʼ̽
ţ
ʱ﷢컯̷ȣʱĿһǼܾƷ֮Сǵȫѹ򣬹
һѹ¼飬̤ն䣬׼̽ѰƷڡ
ֻǣһҪŻ˻ʹѲӵ
ã侳ǿôǣ
ȥ֪ͨͳˣȥ£

һʱ䣬ʹףһȺ̫ࡢŮǵСֱӶ˷㵽˴¡
Ҳ룬侳ҪɱǣǶڴ
ʹףҲˣãȥѯˣ
ɴ֮Уȴ
Ƭ֮󣬻ʹһӰ̤նһ˵Ĵ£侳ߣʮһ侳߷Ӷ
ЩУ˵Ϊߣе侳أ
Ǻˣ
һȺ˺ƺƵǰΪ׵ˣǵɫĮʵ
ƽؿˣֱԵʲô˲ҪֻҪ֪Ҵûж⣬ֻΪ˻ʹ⼸޵ĹƷ󣡡
Ϊ˹Ʒûж⣿
Ϊ֮£˵ɫ
ˣȻᣬ侳ΪҲֻ˵츳ãһΪ֮ףȥΪ֮䣬ӿɢһ⾳֮ѹ˳Ҫó֪Ѷˡ
ӦϢסˡ
侳ߣǰŪ⾳֮
ܿ죬Ϊϵ̣ӦѹȶϢʱɵˣ˲ԤУˣ㵽ʲôˣ
˵ˣƷһֻȡһȡ˾ߡüЩͷ
ҶԴ󹩷
ʱΪ˵һ׳˶ɫһϵ֮ǣ̤նе֮γɽһһ˵⣬ֱӳ
ס֣Ϊɫ䣬ͺһ
ֻϧֹˡ
ɫһĳּ̧䣬֮ûлħɴػ˳ȥײ˵Ľϣʱн֧飬˱֣֮ޣ

ֳһƬţ
侳ǿߣʮ侳߿ղŵֶ֮⣬Ϊڣʣ侳ߣͬ
ǵУ˼ɵͲ
ʱӹҲˡ
ÿɱʹһĻɵˡ
ϵãһλ侳صĴڣּǿڡɾˣǱصһɱˡ
λ侳Ļ͵һ侳
ˣ侳ߣ
оЩͷƤ飬侳ǵʲôҲֱӱݣⲻǿ
֪Է侳ǿߣԴŶԷˡ
侳ǿߣңҲǡ
Ҳظ￴Ϊһۣкһúɫ䣬æͷˣԵȣ
˵꣬Ϊն£ȻǷԸȥˡ
ʣµʮҹһɵؿų֪Է侳ߣǸ֡侳ߣҪңҲܿġ
һӺǸΪ׵ٴն𣬿ĿУȫǾηˣȡĹƷһˣ
ƷûʲôȤֻϹƷȤ
￴ɨһۣúɫ䡭һ˲䣬Բһɱ˰Ŀ⣬ͬʱϡ


487 һ
һ絶㵽Ŀ⣬ͷƤ飬ձ
ίѣԹؿ˳һۡ
·￴Ϊ׵ĻҴ󹩷һۣ˵
ܿ죬ڴ󹩷Ĵ£һƫƫ֮еĹƷѻɽóüͷ
æЩƷֿﵭɨ˻һȺһۡ
ʱЩƽʱ߸ϵĻҹһæŹƷǴҴһڣҽŮŮ̫æ
Ҳ˽ȥѰԼϹЩƷ
ﻺ߹һƷЩƷǽҲвٵҹ飬챦ʤ컯̣š
ţ
ͻȻ컯̿ʼ̣Ŀһ
ڣһԹƷ棬ҵһԲεİ״ﲢİǰ̫ͼ״
̫ͼַΪĽϡ
㡣
ңﻹ֣һȱڵĺۼȻⶫ
Ըо컯̵Ĳܿ죬컯̺Ͱ񼸺ͬһʱ貵Ĺ⻪һ㣬컯֮С
˿̣ظӦ컯һζһưɫ⣬״İ
һȺվһԣų컯̣Ŀһ
ǿóһ
ֻǣȴκ֮ģʲôЦλ侳εĴڣտʼ֪Ҳˣ֪ˣǶ㻹
͡
ڳ²⣬Ƿһʱ컯֮УֶһӰӰͷֱָϱ߷
Ȼһ롣
һɨһȺҹһۣ˵ͷлˣ
ۿӶȥһȺҹŻĬһͬһЦλˣ˵
ţͿʼ͡
뿪ʹ󣬾ȥ޼ҡ
ǽܶˣԺʹ޼Ұɡ޼Ӧòǵġ
ｫ޼ҼӺܶ˽һ𣬶˵
һᣡ޼Ҽæ˵˵˻ἤŭ
޳Ҳͷ
ﵭɨһۣǶˣֻҪõպΪ޼ģ벻ġ
޳ɸһȴûôĻϡ
ǿȻλǿ߶ڣ޼ҾȨˣҲûĿ
磡һؿų
ЦúպصĴϣԺٹܿһ죡
ϣ񿴵ԼӰӡ
𩣬һǿ꣬Ų־
ţֻҪŬߵøԶ
ǣһ档
ţֽеһԣһöָ澡һЩԪʯƬΪҲֻЩպ߶Զ߶ߣһоֻܿԼ
ƣ
кһֱȥ
ңңųӰնȥʧǰĿ⸴ӣһΣǻ˹ˡ
Դһɳ죡
СӣҵǿǸкβͬ㾹Ȼ˰
һ·ϵ·ϣƺʳ
ԣ˫𣬵һЦҸԵְɡ
ڳ￴ͨӵ߱ͺԼ𩣬ҲһԵ֣˳ˮۣԴ˸ıˡ
Ե֣Ʋ⡣
ңԵֵ֣
΢ЩΣ𵱳Լȡ壬ʱĳСޱȣ񣬳ʵǱȫʢʱڵҲ˶ˡ
ңᣬŹޱȵδ
֮壬һʤ˵꣬Ȼܱȵߵøߡ
뵽Щꡣ
ϣǶһ룬Ҳһǵ۹ɡ
·ϣһ
ֻҪڵʵ
ֻǣԸΥһֺĳʱҡͷЦףⶨ֮һĹ
֮أҲֻĹܺĹᲢۡ
о컯̴ȣ̤ն䡣
ʱ﷽֪УͬΪ֮һġϾĹ
Ͼһ㣬һһλǿĴ˾
߽㿪ʼ̽ãڱһ˶ߣǹһ᳡иǿ
Ȼƾɱ󲿷侳ߣǿߣȴûκΰա
֮£֪ǡҡ᳡ңϾĵλͬ½ңһȻ
ڣ⣬Ϊǿˡ
ǲӲˡ
ԣҪҵǶ棬ܻҪ᳡ǿڣӲҲ޲ֻ취
ǾͽоģѵܸԪʯƲΪ
ᣬȻҪ뺯ܽȥ취뺯
ﵭ˵
ߣƺȳﻹż
ڹҵһ¥¥ܴ̾һˣΪ֣ȻҲٲһЩԡ
УйҾеİԡ
ԭպϾУᣬÿžһΣóﲻòпȷʵɡ
ˣҪᣬﵹһЩ뺯΢һЩǡ
һ侳صˣصؿ˿Χˣ˵
ģһиҹȻͬε뺯ܸ㵽ô࡭ô
һˣЦ
ʵˣһ뺯ֻҪʮöƷԪʯ˵
ģڣ룬Ҳõͨϯ뺯ͨϯУ˵Ҳˣ治һҡͷ
ʮöƷԪʯɾʮöƷԪʯˡҪҪǿҪáʲôȥҲЦ
ݣʱ΢Զһһ˿ˣڵͬʱһöԪʯǼƷԪʯˣ
ĽӹƷԪʯĿٺһЦллֵܡ
˵ţͽͭߵ뺯͵һ»˵ɻҪҿ˵ãֻʣһ뺯ˡ
˵ţӻͳһ뺯˻Ρ
뺯Ҫˣ
һֱڿֵĳ￪ˣȻԪʯ뺯Ҳһ
˵ͬʱӳʮöƷԪʯĵϡ
һ֣Χ˶̲סͺ
û뵽ᣬʵղһ֣˵Ҳ侳߽׵Ĵڡ
Ψ侳߽׵ĴڣֶΡ
̧֣ҪȥץʮöƷԪʯ
ʱһ΢ɳƵϼһҳʮöƷԪʯ


488 ֵ
˵ǿһˣһݣǸϽлӡ
ü㣬õóʮöƷԪʯЦˣλֵܣ뺯ˡ
׼뺯ʱ˳ˣֻ΢΢̧֣ʮöƷԪʯͷӶģ

üͷһ壬һ֣֮˷ɳʮöƷԪʯɨ˻ȥͬʱͳһöԪʯĵϣټһöƷԪʯ

ĳ£ƿͲɲĿղǸһöƷԪʯ뺯˾ȻһöƷԪʯʮöƷԪʯһ뺯
ֵܣûЦɣĿһȷϵ
ûģһ̧֣֮ٴֱȡ뺯뺯ӿնųȥ
ʱ䶸
֮ǰͻʮƷԪʯˣǵһɧųͼ뺯ȥ
ߣһ㶣Ȼ˲䣬뺯һ⣬ֱ
ԶˣɫɷףһǿѪ
ͬʱ˼ؿ˳һۣоǼɵ֮ɫ
˵Ľ棬⣬Ҳֻ֪˲֪飬ȴǱֶŵû뵽Ĳٿأ˵ز
ֵӦ侳ء㣬գľǮҳˡһЦ˵
ʱһٷ̣ģλֵܵһپǮҲһöƷԪʯ׬ȡһöƷԪʯ
ǣһöƷԪʯ⻹вƷԪʯء
λֵóôԪʯǮ

Χƿ͵ĻĲΪ⣬ͺû
ڴõһ䣬ˣ˫ʱӹһ˿⣬ǿ˳
ȻĿ⣬⡣
СӣŰˡЦҲûΪǻҪֻܹԼùҶܾûˡ
ξͺú档һƣ˵
㷹ڳ׼ȥʱ֮ǰһöƷԪʯ뺯ˣͻȻס˳
£￴ˣʡ
ûпڣȴǴֵܣ㱻˶ˡҪ뿪ʱһ뿪
˫һϸǰ֮ˡ
ԼĪʮңһΪ侳أԺ
лģ벻ˡﵭһЦ뿪
ʱ¥ˣ˳ȥ
ۿȰ޹ҡҡͷصԼһʱͬһŮɻ磬ܾˣ
˵ͷǣƺš
ŮüһΪҿ͸ͣҲ侳ء磬㲻˵侳𣿡
˿ֵãܣ
˵ţ뿪˾¥
Ƴ󣬾;һƫƧȥܰû̡
һһȥûãͱסˡ
֮ǰھ¥ǵ侳ߣ˶侳һأ͸ΪֻΪΪ侳߽ߡ
Сӣָһһˣ
һ֮Ӷʱ׼֣
ƣú档ûˣ˸ǷվһߣЩɢ
ĻסˣǿǰСʱסˣëɣһֻС棿
Ūֻ
˵ǸĿһ㶣һһ£֮۳һӡС
𡪡
ʱС̧ͷͺһʱ֮ɵӡһȥ˸ãþûôˡ
ô
ڿСƹ֮˺ͬɫͱˣСƹ˵ǲʶʲôͨСƹ
һֻ
ңԱǶҪǿ
˶һۣܿʹĬ
ӣ
ǿֻʵǿ̫࣬ܿģǶʶԼᵽˣ˭뵽ôߣôµĴڡ
˵ֻһֻСģ
޳ܵİϻ
ӣ
ƿһĻˡ
͡˲䣬Ƶͷ֮ϣһֻӴĺӰӰ˲Σһֻɫ󹷡
𡪡
ɫһһɿµ
Ӷ侳һߣʱӦһɿµǵϣǻȥٶȣֱӵٶȻ죡
ġ
ġ
˱Ƶı̹ͨʱ򣬲ģڶ˻û˵꣬Ҳ˽ȥ
˭
ͻȻһƫͷ˺档
Զһվһ㵣ԿƳֵһĻ
ˣǸղھ¥ʱѳ֮ˡ
ͷˣҲûơ
ƾѣˣҲ˹ȥͷ΢΢һЦŴƣʧľͷ
뵽һͷԵǰϲ⡭
Ҷˡ
ԳһЦҡҡͷ˾¥
պ
ʱ֣᳡ſڣһݻų˳Ϣ
ʱ򣬴󲿷˶Ѿȥˡ
ֳ뺯Ҳ᳡ƽ󡭡
Ժŷ֣߲ԶŵˣǰǸˡ
˵ͷ
ʱߵһһŮҲ˳Ůӵʵ磬˵̵ֻͨ侳ߣ
ŮӵĿ⣬ſڳϵСƹϴ
СѾͷʲôأ
ɨŮһۣ
Ůӱһʶ֮ǰŵһпģֻСƹȻһֻ
ΧһЩˣҲ׷Ŀһ
ǸղҲע⵽˳ϵСƹ֮ǰΪֻһֻͨȴû뵽һֻƽһμ
ֵܣ⹷
һ˫۷Ź⣬ʳ
ǰֵܣԸ⽫⹷ңԸöƷԪʯ
һҲ
ΧˣͬҪơ
ﵭһЦûʲôǰԸǡǣҾǽ͸ǣֺη
ĻΧ˫۷Ź⣬Ȥ
ǿҪѱһֻССǻ򵥣
СӣƵ˳һۣȴҲЩΣڵѾԶǳĶ֡
ˣСԺҰɣ
һջ
㣿Ʋмһۣһ侳߶ѣԸҵˣһһԸ⡭ñ㣿

ƵĻһʱ䣬Χ˶̲סЦ
ڵһΣû뵽ֻ˿²顣


489 
ܿ죬Χ˾͸ڴƵ⣬Ƕʶֻ߼ϵĴڣԶЩѹ
һʱ䣬˿ʼݡ
Գ¶ͣǲ̫ųԼʵֻ
ʮҵ侳߽ףϾȻûЩһǶеӵܣصš
ǿһͨϯԲΪĴӵܡ
Χô룬ʼն̨ȴῪʼ
컯̣ɣȻǼڡ
ΧλˣϯҲʽʼˡ
һλˣ˵һûʲôӪֵķϻʽ
ĵһƷһöؽ֮⾳Ƭһõ͵侳ڻ£
˵ŵһƷ
ؽ֮⾳Ƭ
Щ˯ԣĶûʲôָһץһѡ
ȻȻ˲Ϊ
ܿ죬һ˳ۣһۺԶʮöƷԪʯļ۸񣬱ڳ︽һĵ
˽˵֧Ԫʯ

ĶԳԶûκμֵ
ֱ棬һĳ֣ƽﾪѣСӣҪⶫ
ţ
һȤ̨ϣеһ
Уһ⼣߰ߵͭͭһǹҾʷƾãһɲɣϢС
λͭеѹ֮һʦоٴ֮áңͭΪǾǾ棬Ǵ˾޷ƻ
˻һ䣬᳡ʱһ߳
˾ƻĶ
찡
˾ʲôˣϾǿߣλΪߵĴڡ
ͭ˼ͣɻʲôã
ʱʵ
ԣ΢ЩΣĿǰΪֹǴ˾ҲûͭĲ֮ͬоһµóۣͭ򵥣Ź֮գȻ𾪣
˺ĻȻû˷
Ҳ˵ͭ˼֮⣬á
ôǴ˾޷ƻĶһ֣ܿ죬⾺ĵļ۸񣬾͵ʮöƷԪʯһڻ
ʮöƷԪʯ
ڶ¥İ棬˱˼ۡ
ʮöƷԪʯ
ʮöƷԪʯ
һöƷԪʯ

֮ˣǶ¥ġͨϯĴ󲿷˵ô༫ƷԪʯһûʲôãֻǱȽϼ͵ͭû塣
ֻдˣ˻ӻ
öƷԪʯ
ܿ죬ͭļλ˶öƷԪʯ
ʱΧһƬž
̨ϵˣ棬ȻͭĵλѾλ
ɻп˳ۣ
ȷϵ
Сӣ̨£Ƽˣߴٳ
öƷԪʯ
ﲻسʱΧˣˢˢ
ͨϯУвóô༫ƷԪʯΪһͭôԪʯͲ˭е
֮ǰĽмۣǶ¥ᴫġ
öƷԪʯȴͨϯĽмۣʱһĸ߳
öƷԪʯɻпҪۣ
˵΢
ʮöƷԪʯ
֮ǰ۶öƷԪʯǸ¥ᣬٴδһƽͣž޲ӦһС
öƷԪʯ
Σûκγɣֱӳۡ
ȻСȤСѡ
ʱǸ᷿˳
лһ䡣
ܿ죬ȡͭҲöƷԪʯ£Χ˶զ࣬ԱߵһŮͳǰйһ֮ԵģҲĿɿڴ
磬û뵽óôļƷԪʯ
Ůզߵ˵
˵һЦ˳һۣóĪ⡣
ͭ𣬳ﴫʣƣ㿴ͭʲôͬ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷصҸоͭ棬һҸееϢӦҲޡ
˫һޣ
ܿ죬̨ϵˣȡһѹƷ
Ʒ컯Ȼ̣ɫ⻪ɲǣＰʱջָҪȻ᳡Ŀⶼᱻ컯
Ʒһ鲻ĺ
״ĺǿһۣǳֳ״
һߣһпڡ
ƾ԰ļ䣬Կ϶ǰһ롣
ǵȫѹ򣡡
˫һ΢Щ
ʱ̨ϵ˿ڽܵλˣ񣬼Ϊأ˵Ǻǰͭһ𱻷ֵģͬ᲻ɴݣҲ֮֮֮֮޷һҲᱻų⣡
Ҳûã
ţʡ
΢ε˵ͷ
ʱڳ֮ûʲô£ЩԹô£ȡŹõĶѹᣬⲻǿ𣿡
˵ͲˣеĲԣȡһĶΪѹᣬ˽ԪʯͶ뵽ѹϡ
һû˾ġ
Ǹ¥ᣬһöƷԪʯļ۸
˵ǶЩŹȤ
һͶԷղŵãһĶøԷǣȴҲҪŪ֡
öƷԪʯ
ֳ۵
ǺǡСֵҲϲŪһЩ⡣ȤͲˡ
˻һ䣬ֱӳöƷԪʯ
Ǿ͸ƾ¡ﵭһЦص
ųۣİöƷԪʯ
öƷԪʯ
Է˿ò
üͷһƣǸֵȻЦ⣬һǧöƷԪʯ

ͻȻһĳۣʱΧһǶ¥ڵһЩˣ̲סǰ
뿴ʲôˣôƴ֣
ͨϯϵˣóһǧöƷԪʯģ治ࡣ
ĳۣһɴ
ǺǡСֵܹȻ
˵ٴδӰڴҾͼһǧһöƷԪʯ
ǧöƷԪʯ
ٴγۣﲢôȱƷԪʯңٶļƷԪʯⶫպصȫҴ˾
Ͼϵ֮صδ
ԼǾ
ͨϯˣرڳΧģ̲ס˿ĭѵؿ˳һۡ
ʶʲôġӽ
ǧŰöƷԪʯ
ٴγۡ
һʱ䣬ͨϯ˶᲻ٴγۡ
˳۵ˣһκۡ


490 һ
˶棬᲻ۡ
ۣöȻġ
ǧöƷԪʯ
յĽﲢûʧرļ۸񣬶ǸڵİᣬҲ
󣬺Ϊá
һ΢Щ
˾иˣͬʱҲڿ뿪֮أصޱߵǬ½
ȥҲѾ˴㡣
΢ؽйԱĺպãһ֧ǧƷԪʯ۾գһµġ
ʱΧ˶ʶƴ֡
ˣ
Աûֱ뿪еĹأеĻѳһǧöƷԪʯǿΪ׼һᡣ
ﵭҡͷˡ
Ҳ˵뿪ҲˣȫûҪ
Сӣܶ˶ˡ
ͻȻǲʲôЦ
Ҳһ̽˫΢΢Ҳ⡭
ѹᡣ
ʱ˵
֪ѹʲô󣬶ʱûȤȻվ𣬸ߵ˴һкȥ׼뿪С
һƷһöƬȼ͡
ֻϧƬûʲôȤ
һƬʺ
Ƭ

Ƶ뿪̨ϵ΢죬ԭΪᾺѹᣬȴû뵽Էֱ뿪ˡ
᳡ڣ˷
ڳ뿪С
Сӣڻȥʡ
һƧĵط˫һ˵
áƵͷͳһ뿪ϾĹ
Ȼ·ϻ˲ٵβ͡
ǧ֮⣬һɢڿУȻ߸ΧסȴһƵᣬ˿⡣
ˣ侳ߣ
Ϊߵģǲ侳ء
ôǶĶȤﵭһЦʡ
ǶĶûȤԪʯȤ
侳ص˫̰֮ɫһ
ŶǾȷȡϵԪʯ
Цˡ
ٹŪ飡
һһ侳أһֻż浱Լǿˡ
ɱ
Ϊ׵ɫһ˲
ʱ߸ͬʱͷֺޱߴͨħ衣
֮ͷŭֱӳ
֮Ī⣬ľ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬зɵͨ۳Σһ̣С֣ɵͨΪһ塣
һ֣߸˵Ķ˼֣
ǵͷһĪѹ֡
ҧҧǼ֣
ݣ
ʱųӿնзɵͨӶ˲䴩͸һ˵ĺ
ںеķɵͨȥƲ͸˵ĺ
ಣ
ն𣬷ɵͨصͬʱȻն£ûϢ
ˣҵᣬһߣһȫ
ĸˣŵ˲סΣɫ䣬һġ
ޱȿ϶ǰ˳ʱõ֮ȷʵأĹ֮ô£ΪеıС
Ƕע⵽ˣвת˸ɭȻķɵһͨ
еʲôУ
Ϊ׵ɫһղűɱˣ侳أһ侳ء
ûκΰա
Ҳһɱ
ˣ̫ˡ
ǸһĨЦ⣬Ŀ΢䣬ûȥˣٴ̤նķɵͨ˲ųµϢ
ӣ
˶һۣӴܡ
ಣ
һ𣬾Ųħһҵһõλá
ݣ
ɵͨٴγֱ֣ӱɱ
Ϊ׵ˡ
ǰֻв˼֮ɫҲ벻͸ʲôУһ侳׾ͽɱ
ݡ
ܿ죬ֽʣµɱ
ӿʼҲʮʱ䡣
̬
ڳߣ³֡
̧֣컯֣ͬʱоĵĺ㣬Ҳ
˲䣬һƺڹںϸ֡
컯̾ͺϴһ㣬˹󣬺Ҳһ⣬컯档
ʱ컯תģһɫ⣬ֶһɫ㡣
ͻȻײһ𣬳һ𣬷컯ͻȻ֣ն
ţ
ü֪ʲô¡
ڣ컯նΧĹʧ컯֮ϣԶһӡǡ
ӡǣϤ
һ̫ͼ
ɫͺɫ㣬Ѿһ
ţ
컯£³ڳʱɫ΢䡣
һʳָһѪ컯̡
ɲǼ䣬Ѫĸоʶ컯̵пµ
ȵʱС
Ҳ˵컯̣Ҳһ
˾ս컯̽ҵʱֻһ׼ں˰ͺ㣬Էɱ䣬ɱ
²⵽
²⣬벻κν͡
Сӣôˣƿ񣬺ʵ
ƣ컯̣ҲһЦ
ʲô
סˣСӣ˹ʺˡУһ̣Ǭ½еʣۣδеĶһǱЩʡ֪ɱйǿ²ġ
Ҳҡͷ
ʱ˾Ūˡ
Сӣ컯̼ȻΣʡ
֪ҡͷȻо컯ڲغܿµϾûù
Բˣ˫۷Ź⣬õĲǳһ㡣
ͷĿԶһϡ
壬ǰɽõɽ壬ǧ׸ߡ
նͨķۡ

ͬʱ컯̣˲䱻ע֮ʱ컯̿ʼ궯
䣡
̧֣컯̷ɳ
ɲǼ䣬ڳƴ͵Ŀ£컯˲˾޴ֱ̣˵Ҳϰס
䣡
컯һ𣬺Ȼ£ͺһͨ¡
̼䣬ͨӦ춯صľ졣
ߣ
ô󶯾²Ҫþͻһ컯̡
컯ָ̻ԭ״Ӷֱ׵̣ڳĽ£óЩȻ
СӣԴǷɰɣ
ֱ档
֪
£ٶʱֻоϮߴҵķХƱ컯ȥٶȣԶԼеٶȡ
Сӣ㣬㣡
ܿ죬ͷ֣Ʋˤȥ
ޱ壬ֿŷģХ쫷硣


491 ɱ
һܿͷ컯̵ٶ
൱ʺԣٶƺܱʺ졭
￴ƣЦƣץˣ
Сӣʲô
ɫһ䡣
ಣ
ɲǼ䣬컯绯磬ɲǼ٣ٶȻڲϵ
ССӡ
Ƶţʧں档
ڳҲǽץ컯̣紵˫̲ס
ٶ£ȸоָ̼оʹ죡
ʶ컯̵ٶȣܱһǿߵٶȡ
ڡ
ٶƺкܴռ䡣
ƣ뿴ж𣿡
΢΢ٶȣ˵
ڵƣ֮ȻϮ磬Ҳûо̫ѹ
Ļһ㶣СӣǷӣ
ɲǼ䣬ħͷ֣ɢ˳Ҳڣγһ㡰ǡһķ
ת˲֮䣬컯̵ٶٴ
ܿ죬컯̵ٶȣԱһ侳ߵٶȡ
ųһٶȻڲϵ
ٶǵٵٶȡ
٣ô˵Ҳ侳߽һĴڡ
ţˣ
һ󣬳оûжãȴԼѾĿĵظ
Ĺ
һ컯𣬳ն£ȥӪؿ
ӪأһƬš
СӣƺЩס
Ӫ֮⣬ƶ˶ӣ˵
ˡ
üͷһƣ粽ѲӵĽ֪١
ֶܿͷУںƺƵȺɫ΢Ȼ
﷢֣ڶͳ조¹Ȼˣ
˵ڶĽǧˡ
⣬һҲͳ¹һӪΪ֮ˣҲһˡ
˻һµ˶š
һô
˫һ뿪֮֮ǰûжȥͳһְ֮ǰÿһ˶ˡ
ˣκ裡
ͳ죬չͳ죬ʲô˼
ٷʯɫޱȣʡ
¹Цʯţ׵Ϳϴ֮£ѵ㻹Ϊʹ˽ˣ
ʯ˫һͳ죬ϴ֮£ǵڶ£ҪȻҲ᲻ͷͳ졭ôҪϴһ
Ͳͳ
һٷ򳤡𳣡˫һЦ
ΪҲ֪ͳ첻֪ٶաңվΣչͳǵһͳ죬һΪ侳أϵĵһˣѵΪͳ˾ã
¹Ц
չͳ죬ǵƺһ޳Թɣ
iҲˡ
һͳ죬չȱһòͨȴϬˣiĻ˵Ƿ¹һ飡
飡
޷¼ѻծ
ɲǼ䣬ɫѿ
չͳ죬㵱ҪΪһ飬ǵΪУ
ʱ粽У֮Уؿչȱһۡ
ͳˣ
ͳˣ

õʿǣһ˷ܲѡ
ʯŵȰٷ򳤣˿
Ȼｫ͚i죬ɳﲻڣͺʧ˻һ
ǳͳ죿
չȱ˳һۣЩȣҲֻ˵ȴûﱾ
ţ
ͻȻǲʲôչȱüͷһ塣
侳أ
Ϊඥˡ
չȱһ
ﵱѵڶ£ţ˵ʱĳﻹֻһ侳һߡ
ڣ侳صĳʵһ
չͳ죬ҸʮҪͳ¹ҵѿǴ뿪뿪Ҿ͵Ǵûгֹ
￴չȱһۣʵ
չȱһ
¹Ц̫ſչͳŲ㣡
Ц¹˻ٻʲô治֪ôϵڶͳ֮λģ˹ϵɣ
㣡
¹ɫ䣬ȴ֪ʵĿ¡
ճûлԷſֽš
ɼȻˣֻչȱʵ俹⡣
ֻǣһ̣¹ɵˡ
չȱ˳һۣͳ죬֮£ҿԲ֡ҴҵվһԹۣӦòɣһϣͳܷһߣպ
պ󣿡
ԣ̲סЦˡ
պ
չȱվһԣ¹͵ڶ˲ɷ׷ɫ䡣
¹ȵչȱƥ㾹ӣ
չȱüûд¹
ֵɲǣ͸оԼûκΰգʹȥЩԱȡԹ۵Ȩ
ǳĶԳ¹ɱ֣ܾԮ
עһԸ
չͳҪΧۣȻû⡭
ﵭһЦͬʱһ˺ʮף
һ£˶ʱȫ˺
¹ɫ΢֮Ӷ
ͬʱһٷ򳤺ͽҲٴУ
ϴγ龰̹ġ

ŵضĿһɵĵڶ
¹ЩѼϼˣû뵽չȱӣҪ֪չȱӣԸ衣
Ըоŭ
գڶһεҵӪأͱˡ
￪ˣĮõڶ˲
ڣҸһᣬΪŰ֮ˣ˿뿪Ҹʱ䡣
һ䣬һӣ컯̱
컯ڿкХ˸ź⣬컯̣ϵζš
͸¶ĪϢ
ǣ
һ컯˲䱩ǣУϵİ֣õڶվ֮أһƬӰƸա
кѹǳݵƣ
ʱڶʮ˷ȥ
ţ뿪ԽԽࡣ
¹ɫҪѿжѿ
ڶֻʣ½ˣа¹͵ڶٷ򳤡
¡¡
һ̧ħ⣬컯С
˲䣬컯չֳѹֵƣڵڶʣµϡ
һɲǣ˶棬ٿصʲôΪ˿¡
ѵǡ
һͳչȱͫһһ˵ͷ
ֻǣǶ
ܻУ
ҾͲɱң
¹ɫһ߳ŭ
ɱ㣿ЦˣЦô⡣
䡪
ڳﻰ䣬컯̺Ȼ£˲佫ڶ¹ڵϰӶӡ
ɲǼ䣬ϰ˾ͱ
ѪˮУʣѪɺӡ
ͳ죬㡭
չȱɵˣղŻΪͳֻų¹
û뵽ɱ¹
ֻˣڶҲɱˡ
ٸͷƤ顣


492 ı
ͳ죬ʲôó
ֱһɱ
ڿУɱ˶治ɫĳչȱ̲סһ
ڶһȺˣˡ
Աųһ亹
Щ˸˫ȷﴫһɧζ

ǸղųˣڱɱˣͰǡ
ǵһθоôٽ
ˣǵоǿ־壬˭Ҳ벻üĿˣ֮䣬˲ɱˡ
Ҷǵڶˡ
̲ס룺
ͳѵͲ׷
Ҫ֪ɲС£
һ˿Һͳ˼ʱ˳ҪȻǵ³Ҳòȥ
ڵˣ˿һͬʱЩǡ
Ͼͳ˽촳ĿɲһĻ
ͳ죬ֶΣˡ
˳һۣչȱ˹֣뿪ˡ
ڶˣæȥ
һʱ䣬Ӫָֻƽ
ͳˣ㽫¹ɱˣɱôڶˣ°ɣ
Щʵ
ٷ򳤺ͽҲĵؿ
Ȼͳüˬ֮ⵣͳ˵İΣ
ʵλҪǵһ£뿪󣬾Ͳٻˡ
̾˿ֱԵ
ʲô
Ļе˶ˡ
ͳˣʲôˣ
ѵΪղŵ£ͳˣԸһе
ԣһе

İٷ򳤺һɫ
һů΢ЦղŵûзҲҪȥҪǵǵͳ죬Ҽ˴˾æš
һȰ֮£ۿ޶ԣ˶Ĭˡ
ȻִҪߣҲֻسԸ
ڣ
Ľһ£뿪Ӫأ½ҡ
ֵܡ
½濴һЦݡ
½֣ǵģӦþҪ뿪ˡ
Ц
а취ˣ
½˫һ
ǡ
ͷ΢΢һЦ
ϲպлᣬϣѰһۣԶǵѡ
½
һͷûи½棬һ嶼뿪֮ص¡
Щ£ǵȴ˾ɡ
½ִΪתˡ
˵һ뿪ˣǰ
ͿȺڲԶĴ˾˾ǵӣڳϣһֳô󶯾κ˽
ﵭһЦ˾ǣӦҸǻᡣ
ˡ
˾ҡͷֿѰǶ
΢Цͷ
ɷҿ˾Ŀ⣬
һ̧컯̳ݸ˴˾
˾ֽӹҲ컯ϵı仯Ŀһԭˡ
ͻȻɫ䣬˾ʲô
ʱ˿̣ʶ˾컯ϹעͼĨӡǡ
ףѪǿʢ
˾ؿ˳һۣ¶ǳǳЦݣɱ㣬ǵò컯̡ˡ
˾ʲô˼
һ𣬸о˾һˡ
˾˵ǽ֮ˣֺη컯̣ǲȱһ˾Ԥ˽֣ƾ컯뿪֮ء֮ǰ˵ѰҵĶƿ磬ֻԣΨƿ컯̵ˣл뿪֮ء
ı
ԭһжı
Ȼ֮ǰ֣ǿƿ֮صĽ硣
ô˵һУֻΪ£
һʡ

˾ͷ˺Ҳ޼ɵˡ
ɣ
Ҳ̲ס
ɣ
˾ЦˣĿڳϣ㲻֪ҵõ£ƾ컯֮뿪֮أȻ֪£Ϊ˲ʣ۵죬ֻܽɱˡ
ΣҶҪúøл㣡
֮䣬˾ϣһɿµϢ
ߵ
˾Ϊɱң
Ŀ΢䣬һЦ
ţ
˾ü

ʱһ˾컯ֶ˳
˾һĻҲЦʵ֣ҲҵĶ֡գɣ
˾ϵϢ¡
һѷ֣
ƣץ
Ȼﱩһͬʱ컯̷ӵĽ£˲
ƻ磬컯ϡ
ʲô
˾ɫ䣬Ͽµ֮壬Ʋ񷣬гһµտ
ֻϧĶˣ
ƽŲ컯̣˲Ϣɳ߷Χ
Ϊӵ𣿡
˾ɫѿôҲû뵽컯̻һ֪ˣɲǣͻɱ֣ﴭϢĻᡣ
ಣ
˾磬׷ȥķ
Ų컯̣һ·߶ȥϣħǣ˳Žűߵơ
Ƶ£СӣҲ̫ţˣǸ˾ôҲ侳أȻֻԳ
̫磬ڻ֪ܲ뿪
ҡҡͷ
Ǽǵõյ֮صʱһ·󱻽ޣƻԭء
ǰ֮òġ
˵컯̿Դ򿪽ô
Ʋ
ϣɣϴ綼ûע⵽
ͷ

ͻȻʱ˾羪ףŷŭڳߴ
ͷһִ˾Ȼ׷ˡ
һҲ˹似
Ƶ
ߣ
ͺһµ컯ٴμ٣ӭ磬Ĵڳķħ֮ϣ·Ҫ顣
ܿ죬﷢֣ʱ򣬴˾׷ýģ
ټ٣ҵٻסԼ
ɫۿ˾ԽԽļ١
Ӳ˵ġ컯̵ٶʤң֮ҲԵֿ컯̵ļٲ磬Ҫô籬Ҫôɱ
˾Įޱȡ
һʣѵҪ
Сӣ㿴ǰ棡
ͻȻƵڳߴ
̧ͷһԶ컯֮һ죬·䣬޵һĹĻΡ
ǽ磿
Щȡ
컯֮̿صĽΣСӣϽ磬ǰ׷ȥȻǱɣ
ޱȡ
֪
Ӧһ컯ٴμ٣ֻӽȥ
ʱϵħʼ֧飡
ǷȻҲ֧Ų˶á
ӣ
Ĵ˾һĻɫ΢һ³һѪѪΣѪüġ
ɲǼ䣬һٶȸһ
ʩչط


493 Įų
˾ͻȻ٣ǰٵĳﲢûз֡
ơ

̲סһֿڣûκγɣ˲仯ޱ塣
ͬʱͷ֮ϣͨ֡
𣡺
޺𣬼ͬһʱɿµ˲ԶĽ硣
һ̣컯̾ͺǱų˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬컯ϵĳƣ˽硣
Сӣ컯̣
ƻͷһͿ˾ҲҪ͸磬ʱɫ䣬һ

һµ컯̣˲ʧָ
ʱҲһƬƵᡣ
ͷһǰһƬ߼ʵĻĮӰ١
Ψ컯̲ýΣκ󣬷뿪֮ء
һµԭ
ͬʱڽ֮
˾ɫˮһ㣬Ͳһ㡭
һ㣬ܵõ컯̣
컯ֻ̣ǿɳ֮صĶ
ҲĶ
ڣȴˡ
һӡ¶컯Ե
ġ
Ȼ֪˾α֮꣬ܶﾡǽٺϲá
Сӣȥģ
ʡ
ԭ
ԺһٻӰ

ǸɶһģһŮӡ
Դ֪Ƶ֮ף󣬼Ҳһλǿۡ
ҵλۣ۳֣ĸ׺Ӷܵþȡ
νһã
ԡҪҵΪֻлᡣ
ȻԼԭֻ֪࣬һ·ȥĿǰ֮߳ƪĮ
뵽֮ǰ̾˿
ΪͨԼΪɽʵжֻˡڵѾʮλʵĺ
룬ɳӽλսʣǺ޲ҵ
УҪȥұҲܴġ
˭֪λʣ᲻Ҳľͨ
һ·ӶУһһ߸·
ԾͨдصԭʼԪͻƵ侳صĳ֮⾳Ҳɱ䣬ɾ˷֮塣
֮壬Ҳ
ںϷɵͨиĵ֮壬Ѿء
ص֮һط֮塣
ټϾŲħ
ʣ㲻ƾͨҲԻɱ侳ߡ
ֵһǣԴʵ걻
ԴʹǺͨȴûʧͨǱյȫʢ״̬
һսƿԱ侳ء
Ҫǣȫܳƣͷܡ
СӣǰһС
ƵóҲ˿ڿԿˡ
ԶһɳһĹϳУŴ
֮ϡԿڳеĶߣв߳
һ뵱뿪򣬵ִǡƵĳУֻǣڵĶѱ𣬲ڡ
ƣֱӽ˳С
һƾɵĳУУĸоնǸĸоһģһ
뵽ǣЩꡣ
Ǹ̵̫Ļ䣬УҲΪʹĻ䡣
ӣԼǡ
ֻΪ
Ļ̲ס
ÿ
ÿ

ͻȻߴһӵ
ۿȥֻһӰԶͬһַ֮ˣˡ
Щˣǵ侳ߡ
ʮˡ
Ӳɨ̽ʲô
ֻˣһ·Զ·ʲôֱײ·ϵ̯λƷ˲١
·˼õ·ԣâ
ܿ죬ڵһ·ϣֻʣƻվ·м䡣
Χˣٴж㿪ˡ
Сֵܣ뿪
ʱ·һǣСŮĸ˴ߴٵ
һЦվԭءɴ಻ˡ
ҪЩǷҪײ

ˣǲųӹһ󾢷硣
С
˷ӹȥɲǣߴһȡ
ŷ֣ղ˷ӹȻøղźĸǣŵĺƿˣʲôֱ֪Ƶİߣ·м䡣

ӲϵؽлšѰĸס
С
ܿ죬¶֮ɫΪ˿һ侳ߡҪӵ·ȥ
Ȼˡ˻ǳ˳ȥһѱס˺ӡ
˵˫ۣرϡ
ֻǣһըʶͷ
ɲǼ䣬ͿһĻ
ղźѵˣվһս񣬶Զڿţ׷ɵ·ߡ
̲סɫ԰ףһġ
˺ӵ˫ۡ
ɩû°ɣ
￴ĵĸˣʵ
æлллˣллˡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ʱһӰӳΧס
ЩˣǺӶĵ侳ߡ
ŵˡ
һᣬ
ɨЩˣƽ
ȻʵҪɱЩ練ƣɱ֮ˣֻҪսĵߣ׳֡
ղҵҲɱСӣɣ
һˣų
ˣŵ侳صΪȻо͸ȻΪ
ҪĻǳղų֣֮꼻һ֣Щ˸ûв
Ҳһ˼
Ŀ⣬ӹˣһΪ
ãҵҪôұɣ
ĿһĮͬʱƣ뿪
Ƶͷ֮ǣ˳ȥ
ӣ
侳ߣɫһֱơ
ͷ֮ϣ֣ͨӰʵһţͺһ˲䱻ûȥҷ

ƵֶΣ˼ĺ䶯·ߵһĿɿڴ
˺ĺ͵Զ·ߣƲŻص˳ߡ
ż
ΧųƵˣĿϣɫˮ
ֻżûκΰա
ƣߡ
һɨЩˣƴҡǰȥ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô￴·ߵһӣλ磬£пջ
ʵӣٴУɫ΢䣬ʶĲǣָǰǰ·תһҿջ
лл
ͷƣûвΧһ侳ߵһ㡣
Щ侳ߣһۣ·ﵽĳĬ
ɲǼ䣬һɹɰĵ֮ʼǸԵ

һɲǣﶯˣ̤ն
֣֮ħΣħ
ˡ
һħ½٣һƬѪȾ˰·
ʮˣһӱնɱʮһˡ
ʣµˣһĿ¶־壬æӣԶ
졭侳
Щ˵Уȫǲ˼;֮ɫ


494 ղ
ߣ
˫һɨʣ֮ˣҲǣǰ䣬˸ղ·ʵĿջ
ס
ֳȫš
ĵط˯þˡ
ſڵϣЩȸԾ
һ·ͳﶼޱߵĻĮжɹûˮûֲɽʯټ
ҲĴϣĿ
˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãֱߴһըװת˹
ղˣ»Īջҷ𡣡
΢ϵ˳ĶС
һۻڴ״ѵƣҡҡͷ
ʱڿջſڵĹϣ˾һɫףš
Ҹ˵ǰ·ϣһλǿɱ˲ղˣλǿǿջ
˵һˡ
ǻ뿪ɣղ꼰㡣

׼뿪
üͷһƣ򿪹һĴ̤ն
ܿ죬ڿջϿյļ˶档
⼸ˣһ˶š
ˡ
һˣһˣ֣Գ˵ͷ˿
ףӦǿջˡ
Ҳһ侳
һ侳ߡ
ջıҲ򵥡
˽£ǿջ޹أ뿪ɡ΢΢һЦ
˸оţͷȥ
ˣһΪףһΪ侳ء
ղų֮ˣӦþ
£ɱղҵˣ
ɫһʵ
ǡ
Ŀƽͷ
¿֪ղҵ³˲Ȼһŭɨ
ֳֻ侳ʱϵŭʢ
ϣ
ʱջһն˵󣬡ķԸˡ
˵ͷܺá
ţ
üͷһ壬˲ԤС
˿Цһ֮£Ҳղ˵ˣȫΪһĸŮŶղ˳ֻ֡ǣΪܾǣ
ʲô˼ɫ΢䡣
ѾԸ˽ɱٶ
ЦڣǷˣ㲻ǣǻ㡢ʹ㣬ôĥ
ɫ
оǱĺ⣡
ѾܾûôˣǱ׷ɱ֮صĴ˾׷ɱҲ˷ŭ
ŭˣ
˹һЦһ侳أҲƳղǺεһɢǵá
Ƴղҡ
˫һЦҵǺ棬Ƴղû侳ߣ³ǵĳӦòٰɡ
û侳磿
һ㶣ûӦʲô˼
ֻǣעûᷴӦˡ
ɵ֣ͨŲħƣص֮һط֮ںϣֱӶ
ϵľ㵣ûʧüľѾһѪ

侳ߣһɱ
ȻղѰ·Īˡ
ھ֮£ɫ˲䣬â̺ſµӶ
ʵԶ˵ˣ˲䱻ɱ
ӳֵ
һ侳
侳һأһ侳ظűɱ
֪ղڣ
ͻȻ΢ͷ˿ջķһۡ
Ҳ֪ڸ˭˵
ʱղղ˶ŵˣ̤ն𣬿ĿȫǾη֮ɫˣղڱߣռһƬȺղҡ
ͷģʧ˵ǰ
˵һһɱǣղˡ
տʼΪܺղҿ⣬ϾղƳǸٹ̡
ɳղ϶һˣʶĿ¡
ղңҲֻλܵһС
ղҸۡԭһƬƽһ˵Ľ٣ڡ
ղ侳֮ˣٳȻĪҴݻղһҵ
֮ϣĮޱȡ
̺޾ķŭ
羪ף㲻ϹƳǣ˲̤նԶԶΧۡ
˭ղңղ侳ȫ
Ӧղҵĳ˰ɡ
ղңҪôʵҪôë
ΣǶֿɿ

Χ֮ˣ׷ۣɻ
һֻ̣ЩΧ֮ɻղ֮Ҳһɻ
ô£ѵղҵĳˣ
֪Ȼ˸ղң𣿡
ȥ
ȥ𣿶Էҵղ侳ϵǿߣҲ侳ȥŰ𣿡

ղҸۡһƬֻţΣ
ʲôˣ˲񣬸ҷղң
ʱըװղһӰˡ
Ϊ׵ˣİüˡ
ղҴϺͶϣ
˵ղҴϰǰ̤侳ˡ
ټղҶ侳أղˡ侳֮ˣҪȻնɣ
ףղҵˣֻ侳ء
ʲô侳أ
Ҫˣ

Χ֮ˣĿɿڴ˿һЩ侳̽̽˳Ϊ
Щֻüͷ΢壬Ҳûȥᡣ
Ŀ⣬ղ˵ϡ
ղң侳ߣ
˫𣬵ڡ
ˣΪ׵ˣһ֮Ӷ졣
էһ֣µİ֮·ȫƣŻ
ߣղ˶һôǸ侳Ҳǣٿˣ
Ŀһ䣬˵
ʲô
һڣղ߸侳߶ɫ䡣
侳أ
˵ѵϣ
㽫ղɱˣ
Ϊɫһѹżµķŭ
Ŀƽûлظ
ֻǣͷ֮ϣ׳ȴѾѶ䣬צÿһƬ֮䣬ɭȻѪҺ۶Ŀ
ղˡ
ɣ
ƽž޲
䣬׳צͶˣβɨ䣬𵴣·Ҫ˺
䣡
β£߸ղ侳ߣ˺һ˲ִʣµˣҷ
һƬƬѪ
⡭
Χ֮ˣղҴ侳׷ɫ䡣
˭Ҳû뵽һ侳ߵ츳ͨ˿£ת˲֮䣬ͽĸ侳ߺɱ
Уǿ侳ء
û⡣
㵽ʲôˣղкγԹ
Ϊ׵ˣһȻ侳أһΪûдκεİȫС
оԼʱܱԷͨɱ
Էͨ޷ƥеѹ
ղ˶ˣ㻹кγԹ
Ц
㣿
Ϊһ
һˣ뵽ʲôɫһ䣬ǽѪϴɳ֣ɱղʮӵܵˣ
ô£ΪüԲ֪¡
ϣ
ʱԱߵ˿ˣ֮£һһ˵


495 ѩԳ
ղҴ꣬ɫҪѿжѿ
£ղҲ٣ʹΣ
һղҴ˵
֣
ЦԭѾ֣ղƣˣĪ飡
һ䡣
쳹ʡ
βӶӰΣղҴϾֵĿУ
䣡
ղҴϵ壬˲ը
侳ߣת˲
ʣµһ˺һˣɫѿޱȡ
ӣ
ʱ˿̣˶ûս⡣
Ӷݡ
ֻϧǵٶȣԶͨٶȣתۼҲ̲Ѫ
ԶΧ֮ˣĿɿڴ
ղǿļˣתȫˡ
侳˼
ղңˡ
ɨһղҸۡȥ
֪ղ侳϶ƳվȽš
Ҳ룬պղұŵϢ
Ҳһˡ
˿һ˫ĸŮ̾˿
ƳϢ˰¡
ºƴӳ˯ѡ
ƣͻˣ
ЩȣԸоϷı仯
š
ƵͷϤɱ
ͻƣò˵һϲ£˼Ҿ¥˶ٷȥ
ֵһǣ뿪ջʱջƹԸճԪʯ
Ҳûǿ󣬲µԭ
ǰҲջƹһЩƬǽһԵ֡
ȥ󣬿ջС
˿ƬУ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ЩƬвʺİƬ
û뵽ֻƹճס޷ѣͽһԵ
뵽Ǹһռɱղ侳ˣЩпףҲһԵ
ȴǲ֪ʲôʱټǸˡ
Ҫһл
뿪Ƴǣһ·ȥ
ܿ죬ǾͿǰޣһ޼ʣޱߡ
֮УвٵĴ䣬ҲһЩСС
λ磬֪ԭߣ
·ϣһ侳صߣһˡ
Ϊ·üͷڳ·չһ·ɵＫԭ
磬ɽжԶʡ
ɽ˵Ϸߣ侳һصٶȣȫٷУ˵ҲҪ¹򡣡
ֵ
л硣
æлһݹȥһЩƷԪʯ
Ŀһû뵽仰׬ôԪʯ
ңңųԶȥҡҡͷȥԭвٵķӡ
СӣǻǻػĮɡ
˵
ţһ
ĮȻƫƧʤˣ컯̸·Ȼܿࡣ
ֵ
ȻĲ컯̸ˡ
ǿһС
ԣصƫƧĻĮһ·ƾ컯̣˰·ڵһƬѩص硣
ǰ磬·һװ
ض
컯̡
ǲСʣʷ컯̣ɾҪùˡ
䣡
ͻȻֻһ졣
ԶʵıѣһӰһˣ۳һεɫĽ
ಣ
ʱԶһ̤նսһ
֮Ű
֮
˼սѣ˷·ȴУǲԶ·ĳﶼûз֡
һ·ȥ﷢֣Ƶ˾ռߡ
طżߣս
һЩԼõһ㡣
ȻҲвٵߣ֮ϣ봨ɱһ֡
ݣ
һһĽ⣬ᴩգһ˶
֮ˣһˡ
ԼĪʮңһ˫ӣ˸žӨ͸ε
ţ
ܿ죬˵Ŀ˲Զĳϡ

һӵǰ
λ磬֪ԭ֮𣿡
￴ʣ΢΢ʵ
ʣ
üͷһƣʡ
һѣʵӣҵԭ
ҡͷ
ҿ֪֪Ķֻһ취սʤң
üͷһƣս⣡
ˣһ侳صĴڡ
Щ
Լֻ侳Ϊ
λ磬Ϊô࣬սʤ㡣Ц
ǫҵֱң㲻򵥡
ε΢˵
ֱ
һ顣
СӣվɣҸ󣡡
ֻվԶ׼Թۡ
һۣ˿ֱӻͨ
׳Ѷצ
ȴǳǰЩ侳ܱȣӲצĹ
󣬻ǳҵһݿݻ˶ԷĽݻ˶Էͨ
ͨЩر𡣡
ͨɣһЩ˵ˣûΪֲգעڳ֮ͨϡ
ڿԸô
ʡ
˵һЦȻԭеʣ˵Ҳߡλȴ֪Ҫλ
סˡ
ߡλ
ֻԭ
Щʣмλǽ˵ӵģ
ʡ
Ӧÿɸѡʡ
ꣿ
΢΢ֵӦֻбʺͱʡ
ʣ
һʣ֪Ǹƿصʲôط
˵ƿصġѩڶߣƿصġڼ֮ءֻҪʣҵ
˿л󣬴Ƴ
Сӣȷĸµ𣿡
ʡ
ȥƿصѩ򿴿
˵
һУһʱ䣬̤ѩ
ѩԳǣѩĳС
˵ƽʱﻹܼٵ˵ӡ
վѩԳ֮⣬ңңԭ֮ϵĴǣĿһ
ѩԳǣѩ
񣬶ëѩϵƮ£ѩԳǳеá
ǽԳǡ
кһ粽ȥ
ϣ˸ħͷĹ󣬽Ʈѩȫɨ
ƻ˻壬ѩƮ䣬˳Ĳ
һһԶѩԳ֮ǰ
ԿѩԳǵ˺ܶ࣬ǻն£߽ѩԳǡ
Ȼ֪ԭ
֮ǰԶ㷢ѩԳϿգơաĴڡ
ѩԳǵĴſڣӿ֮˷ӡ
߽Գǣʱоһ硣
Գ֮⣬ѩ̹ǡ
Գ֮ڣů紺ɫ续
һƬ̣ӳ
ѩԳ֮У·ԣǴïĴ֦Ҷֳ࣬
񷡣
ֻƮİѩȫһĻ⡣
ֻˣĻ֮⣬һֻδ֣ʱʱɨѻѩɨĻ
ѩԳǣԣ
̲סһ̾
Գһҿջס£㿪ʼִ
Ͼֱӳѩȥˡ
ܿ죬ʹһ¡
µһλӣԳǡ̼ҡĴСס
ӣһοУΪʵӵġ
һ侳ߡ


496 ѻ
֪º󣬳ͽʵӵϡ
ڳ￴İ˱֮£ΪͬһΪʵӵˣʵӱȻϵñ
֮գʮպ
ȻʱҲûš
ΪڶԷǰҵעʧˣԷ񲻵֮գͲһ㡣
ڵ˳֮ա
ʵӡ
ֻǣʵӵȴ侳ӰΣ޴֡
Сӣ԰⵽ıȥ
˵
ţ
һ
ҪȢ취ˣ
˵
ԣĿһ
ھж֪
ţǼ⡣
ߣȥ
ƣֱǳ̼Ҷȥ
̼ңټѩԳȻ㲻һһĴ壬Ҳͷġ
̼Ҹۡռв侳Ѳӡ
ƣһ·䣬ڵĸи
㡭ʲôˣ
ԭһ׼һ·תͷͿ˳ɫʱɷס
Ŀһ
ͦƯġ
Īţһ󡣡
æ˵
ԣ࿴˳һۣƺûж⣬ʵʲô£
ȻΪһ㣬ȴҲ֪ܶ㿪̼ѲӵȻдµˡ
ｫĿһһ˵
ԭ
˵ͷֵ£ҿ԰Ҳףɽһ·;棬˺óһʱɣ
ﹰֵлл
Ȼʺҵķǽʽʱ㾡ȺʱҴ֪㣬Σ
ֵ
лЩ͵лˡ
һ̧֣ʮöƬУݸ
ﻹܾȴʮöƬƮڿУȴѲӰ
ۿƬ£æֽס
ʶȥӦЩƬʱɾˡ
ؽ֮Ƭط֮Ƭص֮Ƭ⡭
Ϊ̼ˣȻ֪ЩƬļֵ
ҪҵǸŮӣ϶Ҫ
˿ﰵ
СӣοҪлҡ
뿪̼ңƾ
⣬ǻҪ취̼ҡ
üͷһƣ
򵥡
ƲΪ⡣
ʱ󣬿űſǰһˣסˡ
ô
ƴϳһһЦ
һ飬һۣһۣء
ʲô֣ŵʱѵҪˣôͣһ˱ˣ˭ں
ƲΪ
һ룬ȷʵô¡
ƽ˲󣬱ȥ˳̼Ҹۡ
ͬڸղŽȥһһǹ߽ȥſڳļͷ
һֻСҲû˭ע⡣
˵һ㣬ȥûбֶߣܿ죬ͻ˽ȥ
ĳ̼Ҹۡŵƽʣϲޱȡ
ʯשϣ̱˳ĺֺ̺
ǱʵӳףųǴ󡭡Сӣ˵ʱ˻᲻ή٣
ʡ
ѻ죡
һۣû
ʲôЦʽ٣һϳɾ
һΣûʰ
һ׵ƣ»չ˲Լ˵æˡ
ܿ죬Ⱥ̼ҸۡǰԺۣԶ̨֮ϣһѾ֡
һһ´ǡ
ĸĸ
Ů޸ʵӣĪҫ
ܿ죬һ˸ų
ǳ̼Ҽ
һ´ǡ
̼Ҽ˵껰󣬸̨ͻȻԿ̼ҼһĸĸҲ
ô£
ôʼ
ѵڵʲôˣ

һʱ䣬̨µȺ׷ۡ
λ
ʱ̼Ҽˣ游Ӧ·ϣ˼ϲλԵƬ̡
ܿ죬̨µȺʾ˽⡣
վȺУüͷһ壬ƣ˵Ǹ˻᲻ᡭ
Сӣѻ졣
Ƶ
㻹˼˵ǸŪİɣ
û
ô죿һܲߣʱǡ
Щɡ
ѻ죡
ɫһΪѾ뿪ĳ̼Ҽٴγڸ̨֮ϡ
λ
̼Ҽһŭ游ܿѾ˶ҳ̼Ҹۡڣǳ̼˻λλϡ
һʱ䣬ȺһƬҡ
˭ô󵨣
ǣʵӵĻҲҵңǲ

Ⱥٴ
Сӣִˣ
˵
㻹˼˵
һֵۣڣֻ뿪ˡ
ôߣ
ʡ
컯̣
˫һ
ȻҪ컯̣ȴҲֱôǰãԳƱȵһʱ̼Ҹۡ

ɲǼ䣬һһ磬Ӷ
ˣ
ʱ˷Ӵܵĳơ
һ˺һ
˽е
ϵҳ̼ҷ׷
̼Ҽ̤ն֮Ļмˣȫǿߡ
ֻǣӳ̼Ҹۡɨȴûзκζߡ
أ
侳߽ϵĴڣȻô졣
ԷкĿģ

һʱ䣬̼˻֮С
ĳƣѩԳǵ£յعŽ֡
Сӣô죿
ʡ
㻹˼ʣҲֻȥˡ
ü˵
ɣ
Ʋ⡣
Ȼؿջݵ˳̼Ҹ֮ۡ⣬һˣǱŪǸ
ȻҲ̼
ʱԳ̼˵λֵܣѩԳλԵ˼ңǳ̼ҵġ
˵ţｫ˷
̼˿ݣĿһǱ̫үǱ̫ү
ͷ

ܿ죬̼˽˽ȥ
һĳ̼ң˵ĵڻָϲ졣
ʱҲת˹
ллСֵܡ
æԳл
ҡͷһЦ˼Ҳصл
ܿ죬￴˹̽˵ɺ
ʵˣ
ﴫ
һ㶣Ŀȫǵĳص㡭ҷǷʵӵˣ
ǡ
ﴫӦ
游Ǳ㡭
ϻޱȣ³һЩ¡
ǸҲ֪游ֻԡ
ǸȻ
ˣ游Ҳû¡
ֵοŪˣʹҷϴαһ˾Ÿʽӣҷڣû˵Ǹ
鷳ˡ
ĿһԼҴˡ
ӦòǱʵӡ
Ǳʵĵӡ
ܿ죬˵γ̼ҼҪлͷҲؾ뿪ˡ
ͷôơر˲ˡ
̼Ҽ̾
ϢΪȻǰϼһǶҪȻ¾Ҫˡ
ųһȻ


497 Ĺ
ѩԭ֮ء
ǡ򡱡
СӣҪҪõҲǱʵĵӣ㡭
ֹ
ܱѻ𣿡
ɫһ뵽ѩԳǷ£ЩȻ
ûѩѩԳǰĴǣֻһɽСǡ
һ·ԶԶؿԿһڼ֮صı
ԼԿЩ֮ڣһЩĽȺ
ಣ
ƣӶֱ߶ȥ
ֻǣշɳûá

ڳǰԶӰƽ֣һϮµŮӣŮò㣬΢ŭض
أٶȥ
һŮӣ䣬ǧ֮⡣
Сӣ侳
Ƶڳߴ
һۣѣ
λǱµ˵ӣ
һʵ
ϻⱱأ˱ʴ˵˵ӣ˭ܽȥĪǳ顣
һŮҲ
λⴳ뱱أҴҪһˣλΪͨ
ֵ
ȥ
ŮӵϣϢϯأ·𶼱ᡣ
б
ֵ
ɲǼ䣬ŮϵıϢȻ޴档
ʶ
һŮӣĿ⣬˳ϣڻơ
ѣ֪ǷܴΪͨһ£
æ˵
Ҳ˿ȷʵǱʵĵӡ
ڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡
ŮһۣһŮȥ
ƽصȴ
ȴʹȥŮӻˣĲʱ򣬱ʦ뿪ǰĹˡ
Ĺ
һ漴ʵʦ㣬ǱĹʲôط
Ůӽ͵Ĺ˵ǵĹأһĹԭ֮ˣ඼ȥĹ˵ĹдгʦǱ㶼ȥˡ
ȴ֪Ĺںδ
ʵ
ʮ֮⡣
Ůӿߣ˵
лλʦ㡣
ԶŮһͷƣ߶ȥ
õ˿տ˴ȡ컯̣˲Ϣǧ
պ󣬳һ·Ϊһɫϡ
ԶԿӰӶ
컯̣ƹȥ
λ磬֪Ĺڣ
￿ȥѯ⼸ԶӶˡ
´˳һۣΪ֮ˣ˵ͷںı֮󡭡Сһҿ㣬侳ȥҲ˵˱ΪڻҡƢõģҲ
ǰûʵñȥ֡
һҲ
лλѡ
лһƷɹ˲Զı
ȥ󣬼ҡҡͷ
Ĺ滨꣬ëû̵һǻ
̵ôǲ˷֣һ˷֣ҲǱһȺϼһˡ
һǲԸٽĹˡ

ҡͷһ̾ɶݶȥ
ƾ˱˱֮
ղŵļԣ֮󣬱ǱĹ
ԭΪĹһ嫵ĹĹȴҲû뵽ֻǴӱ֮һڽ룬ưܣ·ʱܺ
񣬳֮ˣȴҲв١
۾ʮˡ
ȺߣҲйһߡ
ǽȥ
кһһһ˱Ĺ
⡭
Ĺ󣬳סˡ
ΪĹ棬ֱ硣
۾һĽݣͨԶԶһ嫵Ĵ˴һֲɣѹ֮С
ֻˣڴ֮⣬ϡԸӦ͸ǵĺ⣡
֮ϣв˻С
ûһˣڽϷС
Ͻݣŷ֣ϽݵɲǣƺһޱߵϣѹϣնֻܻǰС
СӣƵطġ˵ģϣɢġ
ƴ
ô໰Ƚȥ
ƣһһǰĹ
ʱҲһЩϾߵĵЩ̻ϸ壬ԡ
Щޣࡣ
֪Ŀ⣬һӹоЩľԣԶ̳ĵľ
ֻˣЩĿ̻Ȼɣֱһγɡ
⡭
ɶ칤
ﲻ̾
СӣıУƺķɵͨ޼
ͻȻƵڳߴ
̧ͷȥ
Զһɽ
һӣһӣԵü㣬Ʈݵĳɢϵĳۣ·
һ˫ǵӣɣ
ǼŵЦݣ崺硣
һɵ

ͫһ
Ȼ⼸ǸӣǰֵĵеǸӼһģһ
ϵҲκβͬ
ô£
һ
˵һλǴ˵еѰۣǱСͨ
ѰۣǿԶŵͷܴգҲ˲ˡ
ȻݴţҲͨ

ʱĶߣһۡ
ȴǼˣԹһ뿪ｻ
Ѱۣ
һ
ѵǸӣѰۣ
ֻǣѰ۵һǰǲС˵Ǹ˹һơ
֮䣬ϵ
һУﶼ֪
Ҳ֪ʲôʱټ׿һ
̾Ϣһ
Ѱۣ̹ųѰ
ټҵ
Ѱۣܿһġڡ
ֻǣܼǸӣȫΪͨ
ͨǰһĵ
ţоԼͷըˡ
벻ͨ
ȫ벻ͨ
أҲٶ룬ĹΪʲôѰۣҲΪʲô
ֻΪұ
ȻʲôԵҲջ
һ·߹ݣһϵĵ񣬷·˵ǵƽ
ÿһɢϢֲͬ
Ѱ۵ĵ
ʱϡԸоһ˿񡭡
ȵȣ
Ȼס˽Ų
Сӣôˣ
ɻ
ûлش𣬷·ħһ㣬Ѱ۵ĵ
վѰ۵ĵǰ֮
ɲǼ䣬ϣһɷƥĵ֮壬ϯ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

Űĵ֮壬·˺һС
ɵĶν󣬲һ˽һЩ˵ע⡣
ڸʲô
֮塭
ȻѰ۵ĵǰҲ֪Ƿá
˵ɽĻʣֻ侳ʱԭ۵ĵǰһͻƣɾ֮
Ҳ˵侳͸ԭ۵ĵһ򣬳ɾʣǿһμѻ

һԹ֮ˣš


498 Ů
ʣ
գգ۾
ɽǼһ
Ŀ⣬ڳϣţҪСҲܾʹ˳ɾʣǿɾţˡ
ԸվҪʧˡ
֮ϯƬֳ̣
Ǹһͨ侳ߡ
߰ɡ
תĿЩʧǰ
ֻԼõԼȻٵ
ƣǰߡ
ʱΧ۵Ҳɢȥ
Сӣ㷢ʲôˣ
ƴʡ
Ȼûʲô仯ǺͳҲദ꣬һһܿߡ
ڻȷ

ʲô˼
ɻ
һ
ղţѰ۵ĵǰĵ֮Ȼûʲô򣬿ڵķӣһɫķɵȴɱ䡣
ɫķɵΧһɫ
ɫŷɵҲǷӣתͣ
ȥ֮Χŷɵתڣɫֺ֮Աһ㣬׳
Ҫǡ
﷢֣ԼһٲȻԵɵ
һУΪɵϳֵɫ
һɫоѰ˵ǡֲ
Ѱ۵ĵġ
ָоݡ
ڣ߹˽ݣǹ˵ϣȻ޴档
˽ݣǻֺĹĴţųż˳롣
ţһƿһһȣƿһֻŹֵޡ
֮˵Ź֣ǳûмޡ
˫ᣬͨ·лƣͷмӡ
裡
ʱƵͺһ
ϵޣ
Щʵ
޵һЩмУһֿԺǿޣ˵ԶʱڣһһУ
һ̾
˫һ
У
ʲôĿģͦ£ƿԼҴſڡ
ͻȻü
ֶ࿴ƿ̵һۣһ糣
ۻɡ
ղţһִƿϵ·һۡ
һۣż־졣
Сӣĸţ
߽ţڳǰģǾֿĴţ֮ϣһ㴫Ƶϣ֪ͨδ
Ҳˡ
ýĸţ
ʱоָζ
Ƭ̣ŷָ֣ڵ컯̣Ȼ췴ˡ
Χûע˳ֽ컯ȡ
ಣ
ɲǼ䣬컯ֶ˵ţڴǰ
ߣ
ΧĿ⣬кһ컯̣˴ţʧ
ʱս塢˲ŷӦ˹
վһˣ
ͷղǸг̣ɿǺ
һ˫һ
ֻȡһ˲ûü塣
һ˵
ܾãǲǼ򵥵̡Ϊ·ǾͽţΣ
ǰ˵
д⣡
˵ţ˷ų˵š
ʣµļˣһۺ󣬸˽ȥ
ţ
ƴŵϣһߣһߣ͸¶ɭȻ⡣
ڹ۲죬߾ʹ˼
ˣ
ü
ˣЩӡȡ컯ʱ빬֮ˡ
ƣߣ
кһն߶߶ȥ
Сӣ侳ˡ
ƴ
Ҳ֣βɫһ
ȻǲƲ¶ף
ޱȷ˾Ϊ컯̶
׼һ£ʮϢ֮Ǳ컯̣˦ǡ
˵˵
ǰƬ̣ʮϢ
컯֡
Ȼǣ
ߣ
컯̣ɲǼ䣬ħͷ֣ЯӶתʧԶ
ֻ
ǶĪǡ
һסˡ

һˣɫ죬̤ն׷ȥ
ǰŷӦȥ
ֻϧע׷ϳˡ
컯˦ֻ̤ʾ侳ߵģ˵һ侳

һ·ӣҲ˲˵ע
һ·ϣٶһЩ·
֪˶ãûټ̣˿컯
һһʼΧ

ͻȻڶߴ
ʲô
һ㶡
Сӣӣ
ɫ˲䣬һ
ҲʶһɿµϢڡ
ʶҪȡ컯̡
ֻǣ˲乤͸оһɺƥɽʵ֣ȡ컯̡
ҺûйҪȻɣ
ˣﻹǱƵĿѣͷ衣
ƽŷ֣ԼһС͵Ĺ֮С
ղ֮أȫ硣
ƣ
ﻹ֣ƣһſ
Ϣڣ·˳˯
ﶼ˯š
һ

ʱһ⣬ó̲סתȥ
۾һŮӣһ͸¶űŮӡ
ŮһϮɫѣֻжʮңһ˫ӣȴų󼰵Ĳɣ
ֻˣԸоŮӴѹɽĻС
ѵһλʣ

ʱŮ̧֡
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֣Լָ
һ̣컯̾Ȼ˳Ů
ﾪˡ
ָ䣬ûнָȡ컯̡
ʲôֶΣ
ʣҲδֶΰɣ
Ȼ컯̡
Ůӵ΢䣬ܲǺܾû˵һ
㡭һˣ
ȻŮӵĿ⣬ų
·ܴ͸˫͸ġ
ŮӵǰоԼûһܡ
ҡǡ
Ц
컯̣
ŮӵĿ⣬е컯ϡ
֮غ󣬾֮Ĵ˾еõġ
Ůǰûȥ֮صľ
ΪԸоŮӶһ壬ƺżĶС
ԭ컯ѡµˡ
Ůӵͷ̧֣컯̷ɳص˳ָƺ컯̲ôȤһ㡣
һ㶡
ôһ컯̣
Ůܿ͸˼˵
ûС
΢ЩΡ
ҪĶֺֹֻҪ컯̡ûӦӦûһ
Ůֵ
ͫһоŮĪ⡣
뵽ŮȤ
㡭ѵǱۣ
һЩ
һֻһʣǾɽʡ
ԣʶ󼰵Ĵڣ˵ۡ
ͬʱ΢΢Щ
ԷۣǷܰΪɶĸأ


499 ط
ۣ
Ůԣü΢ɡ

סˡ
ǶƺΪʲôĹǿеıָۣľҰɡ
Ůӵ˵
һŮӵĿ΢˼֣ǰΪ壿
壿
ŮĿһƣֻҪд棬Ȼûʲô⡣
ǰΪҵ塭ԸΪ㸰ǣ
һ鼤ޱȡ
ΪҸ𣿡
ŮЦˣһ˫ʯһӣ˸貵⡣
ǣ
æͷ
ȴΪԷǺεȴڣʲô첻˵ġ
ڣＸҲ˾ҽ
ģպӦҵһҪұ㡣
Ůӵ˵
ʲôҪ󣿡
һ㶡
Ҫڵʵʵ֡ʲôʱ۾Ϊʵ֡
˵˵ţŮ̾˿Ҳ֪Щʲô
۾
סˣŮԼͺϵǿߣΪҪæ
ѵʲôߣ
ôԸ⣿Ůɨ˳һۡ
Ĭ
ģ£Ρʱֻɱһˡ
ŮۿɣҲûӣ
ǰҲѵ޷ɱˣ
ü
ȻɱֻǣҴӦһˣɱʱµԣҲɱû˵ɱ
Ů˵ʱΧٲȻһƬ䣬óﶼ΢΢
ûκγɣæſħͷ
Ǹǿߣ
ﵹһ
ǡŮӵͷ
ʱƣʡ
ûСֻҪһŵɱʵҪΪɱŮӻҡͷʯһӣ¶ɭȻɱ⡣
ۿﻹڳɡ
Ůֵ︺˱ˣ֮ˣûʮҲа򡭡ǡѪ򡯣ǿʬǶѻѪɺӣһΪ
ҿԴӦ
˫һ޳ɣӦ
ȻԷҲʲôҲûˡ
طġ
Ůӵ˵Ȼųտƾ
һ
طʱٲȻ䷢֣һεϣ·˷ѹȶԽɿµµϣɢȥ
оͷƤ顣
Υԣͻķʲôµһ㡣
ǰطʲôһʡ
ط򣬱Ǭ½߷򡣡
Ůûжͣˣھߣ
ǰĹ֮ˣ֪ڣ
˱ʡ
Ȼɶĸ׶оˣбϾѰģԣϣܸк
ϾһȥҲ֪ʱټ
ǸɶһģһŮӣ䲻ȴҲС
ߣ¶ࡣ
Ůü΢ϣһϢѹ˳ϡ
ɲǼ䣬͸оԼͷЩ
ͷģ̬һС
Ůӵڶߴ
ԺУʱֳλսŮӲսһĻ
ˡ
ŮڳϵϢʧ
ͬʱ֮Уһسˡ
϶ԲǾγɵľϡ
Ůӿµɡ
УһʤѩӰ⼸Ůڱ֮УΪӪ
ǡ
˿̣ɫأһ棬Ǽ׼
ף⽣Ůϡ
Ů΢Щȡ
ôһ㶡
⽣һͨµϷȡõ׼Ǹʹϵǳ
Ů˼
׼Ǵãʡ
ȻƣдŮӵ˵
һ
û뵽ԼҪѰҵǸۣǰŮӡ
ǵȫѹ
ôҪȥ
Ůӵ˵Ҫȥڱȥ
ˡ
ȺУһ΢ЩӡӰ
ǵãλսĵΧסŮӣС
ǸҲܸȤ
Ǿ߰ɡ
Ůӵ˵ͷһ̧֣Яųͳ˯еƣ뿪˱Ĺ
ǰһ﷢ԼѾ˱Ĺ֮⡣
۵
ľ
Сӣô£
ʱԺ˹Χһɻ
ܿ죬ֿ˳ߵŮӣ΢ȵСӣ椣ͦİ
ƣ
ɫһ䣬Ҫֹǳˡ
ɲǼ䣬һɱ̹ǵϢƵϣһɲǼ仯ޱ塣
𣡡
ŭһұŮѹȡ
ž
Ůֻһ̧֣ƾͱķ˳ȥһֻССޡ꣬һڣҲǰ˷
Сӣʲôˡ
ƱˣԴʳ
ۣ
ﵭص
ʲô
סˣСӣôҡ۰Ҫֺݵ㣬Сɾûˡ
һۣƺ󣬸ûҸ㽻ɣ
΢ЩΣֳĬ
ǰûжġ
˵
ߣ˵ôЩͬԭһ侳޵ǡϣ㲻Щޣ֪ȡǺ˵ǣȻŹ㡣
ŮӶƣһۣͽƿ͸
ľȥŮӡ
СӣԸ㣿
ǰһĻҲƲȵһЩ£ʳ
šͷ¶Цݡ
ƾʲô㣿סˡ
۴ںεȸ߸ϣһ侳ߡ
һŵ
ｫ֮ǰ£˵˳
ɱһۣ
Ʒ˷ۣеõˡ
ָ·
ʱŮӵֵ
Ǭ½ϱߣϻһߡ
˵
ɲǼ䣬ƾ͸оһǿޱȵǣǷӶС
ͬʱһ͸ıɫ֣ǰڡ
ΧľɫãһƬ
ȻŮӵٶȿ쵽˼Ϊµĵز
ǰΪξɱǸۣô϶ͻƵۣ
·ϣ̲סʵ

ϣѰ۵Ӱӡ
ŮӵֻˣϣһӦϢû´Ӧĺˣâͨһޡ
ĬȻ
ԭΪɵͨ
ҡ
Ůӵͨͨҿ͸оȴâͨҪ¡ԣȷţպȻܳɾۣǱʤѰۣ
û뵽ŮӶԼڴôߡ


500 
ԼĪ˰ʱ
ͷ֣ԼζסȴŮͣס˷ӵΣҲͣ
Ƕϻӵһߣıȥ
Ůӵʵ
ϻӣ
ƶһ
ʶͷ
Զϻϡӳǵ
Цİɣ
һ˼
ҲΪ𾪣Ȼ֪ǿߵٶȿ죬ȴҲû뵽ܿ쵽ôŵĵز
ʱǬ½֮صļԭǬ½һˣҲʢ֮
ڼԭʢ֮Ǽ֮ء
ʱǬ½һΣִһˡ
оЩͷƤ顣
ٶҲ̫ˡ
ţ
Ůӿ
ǰȥһط
ڳҪ£ŮӴų˳ڡ
ڣ硢Т˾š
ֻǣϳ˵ʦǸͷʱͷȴ˶ػȥˡ
һǰͻȥˡ
˵ٶȣһʱ䣬ӦҲ쵽ˡ
һܱһִ
ϸһĨЦ⡣
ŮӵĴ¡
ת˲ԼĪʮңٴͣ

Ůʡ
ʱ︩ŽµƬأ˸һУһ֮£֪ԼѾ˻
ֻǣطīʯ۹
Ͼ۹ŮӵһߴҲ޿ɺǡ
·ڻصīʯ۹򣬻ص
ﲢûֱӽʳǣӻʳ룬ŻʳϤϢ۽Ǿ΢΢Щʪ
һ꣬һֲ׺ɣĸо
߹ֵ̤ն𣬽ҡ
ʲôˣ
ڽӽйǵʱ򣬳΢ЩϢЩңҲ˲ˡ
һϤֱӳ
ˣ
˭
ţ
ߵŮӣɫ΢ϱϢۡ
ǰҵˡ
æֹ
ʲôЦȻͥʵŮʲôˣǿߣһͷ֮ɱĴˡ
ó֡
С
ͥ𣬿ʱסˡ
ˣ
æǰ۾΢Щʪ
ãã˾ͺá
ͥһЦߵϵãŮӡ
Ŀ⣬΢ЩԾؿСλǣ
΢Ц󲮣λǰǿߣΪĸġ
ۣ
ͥһ㶣û˵ʲôۡ
󲮣ǿߣ֮ϣʻҪǿĴڣҲǴۣ
͵
˳ĻͥɫһͣƬ֮ŷӦ¶ηؿŮӣͥǰ
ŮӴ󵨵ͷ
ͥľս
ղΪŮӣǳĺ֪
ڿҺû졣
ȻôĶ֪
˶ӵܡ
Сɶأ
ͥ˿ûǸʤѩŮӣ̲סʵ
ɶ
ɫȻǺſЦ
ôˣɶˣ
ͥɫһ
󲮣û£ɶĸһֻҪǰְæˡȥ֪ͨ׺Ͷ˰ɣھǰΪĸ
˵
Ѿˡ
ʱԶӰնȥ
ǳء
ȥ˵ı仯Ҳ
ףˣ
æ
Գ˵ͷŮ񣬡ǰ
š
Ůӵ˵ͷĿڳϣƣõò
ЦǰƲãҶλ顣
ųĿ⣬Ůӿơ
ͦţЩ⡣
ǿ߹Ŀ࿴ǿе¡
ʼɡ
Ůֻǿһۣ˷ĸסᡱı֮ء
ȡƽڡ
ŮӳǰԳ
ǰȡǡ
æ˵
ơֻءĴڣҲΪػҡ
ΪڻȫԺˣƾֺη
Ŀ֮£Ů΢΢ͷ̧֮䣬һöǶϵıǣС
ʱ
ǶӦ飬ӶҪߡ
ӣ
ȥֱӽƷ
ƣɰɡ
飬ﻹĴмġ
ҲԳΣĸ׵ҲԱ浽
Ƶ˵ͷɿȥɣ
ԻڳǰһΣӶȥʧ˵ǰ
ͬʱŮӶˡ
ָ֮䣬Īڱ֮ϣ󣬱ǵı棬·һڲϼĶϢԴԴ
ʱȥ
Ůӷ֡
˿̣ڳ˵ǰѾһ˸ߵԲβϼ롣
պƼ
Ůӵ˵ֿһ۳׼һϢľҡ
￴óŮ΢Щƣ
·ͳһŮȥ
ǰ֪ǿ߾Ϊĸ壬Ϊᡭ
Щ֡
˵ǿ߶£ǿӦúɲŶԡ
ڿŮԺƣ
ߣ
ŮӵͺһϳĻ㶮ʲôһΪĸ壬ָԭңȴǽһöǣΪһ壬ǹһѣΪҲ侳
ˡ
Ҳɵˡ
侳
ǰټ֣ˡ
һæǸ
ŮӸĸһԵȴڻֶΡ
һʱ䣬Щ޵ݡ
úŮӺ󣬳ͼһãʵ޷ҲǸ׺˾ˡ
Χһ𣬺ȾƳԲˣҲʹ졣
ɶ׳ʲô£
ʡ
ҲͥĿе֪ɶ¡
̾˿ڶǵһһ˵
ԣĬˡ
ɶ黳ˡ
ȻҲ֪ɶ࣬ȴû˿⡣
ǿֻҪɶԳģǱӡ
ǰƣȥɶɡû뵽Ǻôࡣ
̾
պ
ʹ֮ġϼ롱˶
һɰԴԴӿɢʳǡ
ɲǼ䣬ʳе˶ԸӦһǿϢϯǵĺЩ١
ʲôˣ
ϢǻʹǱߴġ
ѵʱ꣬˲Ļң
ߣīʯ۹ҺɹϣҵǺ棬˭ôԲ

ʳǣΪԴԴϯϢ
ʱʹ֮С
һȺˣ֮С
ɲǼ䣬ǹԴԲϼϼҲ𽥵һϮ£ڲϼеŮϡ
Ůݣ绪էһ·ʹΪ֮Ȼʧɫ

ŮӵĿ⣬ڲԶĳϡ
ĸף
ɱŮӵһϲ


501 ټ

ᱧŶӣЩš
ԭΪֻľڱУ˭֪ؼյʱ
ʲô£
ʵ
ԭľڱ棬ͻȻ䣬һӿ˱ǣͱǳΪһ塣
ֻˣںͱںϵĹУƺƾõ¡
⾳֮ɱ䣡
ֱ֮
һɺַ֣Լ𽥵ֱһŷԼ塣
ǾðԼĲϼ룬
һ㻯һ£ϡ
ǻͷ˵
Ͳ˸ƵĿ⣬æʶȤÿ
ʱӵһ𣬾þòֿ
ͥҲΪú÷ˡ
ʶȤ뿪
ķ
ԣõĺ¡
ʹգʳǣҲȾ
ʹڣһݻĴ
յλصģóȥ
ʹͥһߣͳԶ
ɣ
һЦʹޱȡ
ӳЦУԲѣԲ
һ
ף⼸׼ڼ尾֮С
ָоܶ
뵽ǿߣῴʡ
ǿ֣߳ҪȻ
ﻹûڣͥЦˣãô˵ɾ̫ССˡ
һ㶣磬ʲô˼
ͥһЦСģɲǿô򵥡ģۣҲǴۣ֮ϵĴڡ
֮ϵĴڡ
һ
ϯȥԶлλǰ
֪ȥ󣬶Գ˵
ҵͷ

·һķ紵һٻӰ̼˴֮УڳĶ˳ƶ
Ůӣ
λǿߡ
ǰ
⣬غͥæվ𣬹
ŷӦʶλӦþǶӿеǿߣæ
ɡ
Ůӵ˵
Ｘ¡
Ҫ㡭
ŮӵĿ⣬ϡ
ǰ˵
æȻ֪ŮҪʲôŮӾȵģʲô⣬ޱش
±֮ˣǴˣ
Ů֮䣬һ̧֣֮Уһ֡
УһٻӰ֡
һλ͸¶Ůӣһ˫ӣ˸űĹվ·ضת䡣

ʱ꣬ٴμλʡﻹǲһ
ôΪʣŻ෬ѡ
ǼͶӾ
˿̣Ŀܸӡ
Ȼ
Ůӵ˵ͷҲΪʮǰѾˡ
ˣ
Ůӣڣ˶סˡ
ǣʶԣһ֡£𡣡
Ůӵ˵˵ҲһԨԴһͽһϵĵӡұ㽫ͻʧµķӣڡƾˣδɾۣ
֮䣬Ů̧֣һڱǵĶէһ֣·˺
ǳҲҧ
̫ˣ
ͥغͳͶû
ΨһûܵӰģŮӣҲֻᡣ
һƱǵĶĿƮ룬ϤϢ
ڵıǣͬԴеУҲ
Ů֮䣬һƱǵĶڣ˳ȥ
ӣ
һ
ڣҲзӡ
ĸһǵõһԵ
ĸˣǷȥһˣ
ŮӵĿ⣬ڳϡ
һ̣Ҳȳظһ̧֣˴ݶָ·
ۿŮӴߣһ㵡
ô£
ᷢɷһҲȣʱɻʵ
̾˿ɶһһ˵
ʲô
ɫ䣬û뵽ԼĶϱɶҲԼĽѡ
ֻˣɶĽѣĸ

ɶ꣬ǣʣһǡ
ŮЯת˲֮䣬͵ںϿա
ڣĿ⸴ӡ
꣬ʱֻ侳ߡ
Ǹʱ򣬶侳
侳侳ҪĴڡ
ڣһΪ侳أȫʩΪƾ֮£Ѿûʲôˡ
ȥǲ׺ɣ
ţ
ͻȻߴŮӵ
˭
ʡ
ߣ
Ůһ֣һ̣ͷԼĳ
һĴϿȣɨԷڸһֻֻСꡣ
ЩС꣬һԣش
һ
ĪǾɶļң
ͷ䣬ͿӰն
Ŀˣ롣
Щ֮ˣؽŮӭ˽ȥ
ܿ죬Щ˿еġڡ
ǰ
ٴμо
˭֪˿ûĿⷴŮӵϣû뵽Ҳ뿪Ǹط
䣬ǺŮӼΪ硣
ۿϵŮӣ̬䣬ȻڶԴ֮ͬˡ
һ
𵱳Ǳһ¡
꣬ͻɣǺܿһŭ֮£ġ
ֻǣֶ̫ˣҲֻ΢
ڿ򵥡
ڣҲһλ۲εĴڡ
ѵҾͲܳɢɢֻǣЩ棬Ȼ壬ΪλҪȥѰҴۣ
Ůӵʵ
ӣʥ
ƽؿŮӣ˵
ԭˣСһﵹǺˣܵʥ֮
Ů΢ȵؿ˳һۡ
óȻͷԡ
̲סŮӣǰλǰҲۣ
Ů˳һۣǰɡ
ǣһ㶡
ҲûϾᣬǰɶأ
ֻ̧֣оǰһһ̣һĴ档
һʤѩٻӰ
ɶ
ֻһۣϳ˱Ӱ˭
˫Ŀ죬΢΢Щ
ЩļΪʲô
һжΪǰŮӡ
ʤѩŮӣվǻת¶ǵա
ɶ
ٴκŮӦһ
ֻϧעʧˡ
Ůһãؿųǡôʶң
ôʶ㣿
ŮӵĻؿڷ·شݺݴУͷĿѣĸо


502 ֮
ɶоԼ궼ɢˡ
Ĳǵô
Ȼ׼һ̣Ļ̲סʹ
ס
ͻȻŮӿնˣмż־ȡ
ţ
ͬʱ
ˡ
ŮҡҡͷЩ֪̾ȱĶеһġʥ֮壬ȼյĻǣ
棿
ǵӣ˸ž⡣
ҲЩŮӣǰɶһģ
Ѱɶһǣɶؾ۶ǡ
ʱˡ
뿪ĹǰǸŮӣɻǵãŮӵʵ
һ㶣ʲôϵ
Ȼйϵ
Ůüһƣ˵ʱҾ͸оЩ⣬࡭ڿӦǱǼ׼ƾһĽ顣ʣҰģҪɴˣ׼ӵֱ׷Ǹ飬ӡ
ŮӵĻóɫ䡣
ǲȻŭ
µϢ΢΢
Ǹںεأ
ޱȡ
һ˰ɡ
Ů˵һֱȥ
СӣúչɶɶʲôʧĲ㣡
УŮӶȥ
ȻȴЩ͡
ɶһǣ
ǽ飿
ڣƺЩ˽⣬Ϊα᳤úɶһģһû
ãҲûô
ԭɶɶսƺҲʶҡѵɶļ䣬һһУ
鸴ޱȡ
֪ʱʤѩŮӣ˳ǰʣʶ𣿡
̧ͷǰһҹǣƵľգ̾˿ɶȻʶ㣬ҵӣɷ򡭡
ӣ
ɶɴ˫ҡҡͷѲûи˵
һ
ԭǸɶѡ
ҳȥߺ𣿡
ɶ˵֪ǰ£ܶҶǲˡ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
Σ룬ɶų
ԣһϢ
ͬɶڴϿڣĻޱȣó̲סһ
ﻺ˵꣬ǵһμ棬ڸ
ɶգһ˫ôģʲô𣿡
ЦǸʱ㲢ûлΣһֻС꣬ʱ
ｫʱһĻһһ˵ûκ©
˵ı巭ϴ۵ʱɶЩ࣬æת˻⣬أ
㻯ΣѰңǴԪʳǣһ·ҵīʯ۹ʮΪ˽һЩ⡣īʯ۹۶ҵһμԵˡ
һǵãʱȫˣʱ侹ȻʵŮӡ
һ߻䣬·ԼҲ˹ȥþ԰Ρ
ɶͷû뵽֮䷢ô¡أ
һȥɹٺǾͳˡ
ţֽɶȥľһһϸ˵˳

һڼԭļ֮أ
ǱУ֮ء
һϿգһµŮӣԼһλչȵ֮С
Ƭ֮һӰ·̤ն
һ֮µŮӣĿ罣
λ۴ˡ
ŮӣŮӺżǰ
֪Ѱ£
Ůӵʵ
۴档
Ů΢΢ҡͷ
ȥǸӣ
Ů˫гһߣ˵
Ůԣɫ΢䣬۴ˣҵĵк£
ô𣿡
ŮɫһһɿµϢѹŮӵϡ
Ǳʣʵǿƥǿǰȥϣûκη֮
ң
ʵͷ
ߣ
ʱʻûжһԵѾˡ
ɲǼ䣬ʧԭء
Ƭ֮ٴߣһŮӡ
Ǳ
һʤѩıվĿⶼЩʧ񣬡񡭡̫ˡ
ʦ𡣡
ԭ֪Լᱻץ񿴵ʣ˿
λ۴ˡ
ʵ
ڱڷʩ
ֻĹߣ״ӡ
ۣ
һȴǹŮӺ
λ۴ˣҵĵѵȴ֪
ʻû˵꣬һɿµ˲併٣ϣֱӺ˳ȥ
³ѪϢήңֵؿ۴ˣۣһʳ֣ȥҲö𣿡

Цݺһܹ衭ڽŮһɽ֮ʱˣע
ʲô
ʵɫڱˡ
տʼֻΪ۽٣ӦΪ˱¡
ǿ߶ܰӣһ㲻ʳ֣޿֡
ڡ
۴ˣǲʲô᣿

һԵıǴסˡ
飿
µʲôĿиֳ־֣һԶ˱ʡ
ѹ֣ѹûйȥļ䡭
ԭǽ顣
ǲȫĽ顣
᣿
һЦٶϻ
һӣɲǼ䣬֮·ڹ֮ϡ
˺
һƬãգɲǼ䣬һΪѷޱȡ
һ̣һһɿ˱ʡ
۴ˣ
ʵ޾Ĳͼֻϧ֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

Ĺȣ·Я޾֮ɱ˱ʺ֮Уʮѷġڶ
ʣ˷ɻң
ñʣôҲеٮٮߣ֮ǰ˲Ϣɱ
ڲһɱʦ𱱽ʵǿߣļҲЩɵ
ֻǣܿͷ֣ûΪ
ƢǸһ𱬡
Ů̾
ߣͺһһӣЯֱǬ½ϱ߶ȥ
Яȥһã֪Ҫȥʲôط
ŮЯȥʱһѷ챱ߣһӰ̤ն
ЩˣһϮµŮӣ͸¶ĺ⡣
ʲôˣ
ҸղŸоʦϢȴҷһ㡭
Щѷ죬ʦ֣Ҳδγɰɣ
ѵбʦ鷳

Щʵĵӣɲ²
ȴûǵʦѾ
ǵǵʦ𱱽ʣһֱͨİɡ


503 һʱ
ϿС
ɶһ·ҲԼľһһ꾡˵
Сڣ
ͻȻһֻСͻȻֱԾɶĻգһ˫ˮĴ۾ɶһֿۣСڣ˭
Сڣ
Сɶĳƺóһ
ɷ򡣡
ڳ΢ڴĿ£ɶСı΢Ц
ޣҶˣҸ׺ĸףҸ׾ĸ׵ɷ򡭡ĸ˵ˣɷԺ󣬲ҡСڣʲôʱɷҲֻС꣬ҾͿˡ
Сգ۾һڴ
СĻɶЩΡ
Сߣ㸸ˡ
ɶգգ˫ͻȻ

СԣǱȵβͣһһߵĴ֣ʧ
𣿡
Цʡ
Ȼ㿴
ɶͷԶ
̧ͷȥһֻԴĺ꣬С֮
Ƭ֮һնץֻСꡣ
ﲻݸ

ͻȻķϮóɶɫ
ɲǼ䣬Ӱͬʱڳɶǰ

΢ȵһϮʤѩɢű亮ŮӣĿڳϣͺһ

￴ŮӣĿ⸴ӡ
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬˳ɶϣסˡ
ǰŮӣһģ̳ģ
ɶҲסˡ
ǰŮӣоͺվӡ
ӣ
˿ʡ
ͷǡ
ȴĬֻҵӣҲҵӡ
ҵΪô˵û뵽ĳúһģһҼֱ󡣡
Ŀ⸴ӣ̾˿
ֻһģһǸͬһˡ
ˣ˵
סˡ
ɶǺһ㣬Ͼǰ֪¡
ͬһˣЩ⡣
ó͡
̾˿ԼɶԼɶǲȱһһ˵
ȱĻǣΪɶʥ֮ԭط֮£Ρ
￴ű˵
˼ǣǲֲȱꣿ
ʡ
ǡ
ͷ
ôܡʦĵӣôͻȻһ⡣
ǱɶһĽ飬Ҫ㣬еİӵҪʱ㣬ɾͰ
̾Ȼºܲпᣬ֪֪Ȩ
һ
ԭô
ԣһǣعӵڣ˼𣿡
Ŀ⸴ӣ̾˿
ǡͷ
ع֮ǰԸһʱһʱҾҪһʱ
ͻȻŮӣʡ
˵˵ͷ
һʱ𣿡Ŀ⣬ڳϡ
סˡ
ôҲû뵽ʱ򣬱ȡһʱȻΪ˺һ
ŮӿĿ⣬ЩŹ֡
￴ɶ
ȥɣһ̶ϣңҾ
ɶ΢Ц
˵ͷͱһ𲢼УɳƬϿȡ
û뵽һоȻ
̾˿
Ҳû뵽
Ц
գλսһμЩ¡
һֱ롣
֮ˡ
ҪǣɶǾ֮Ůӡ
ɣӦҲôɰɣ
ȴû뵽ɶһ
ʵ˾÷˼
תתɡһʱʱˡ
̾Ϣһϵĺ⣬·Ȼ޴档
ͷ
ܿ죬һһŮϿգפصһɽ塣
ƺϤ
ʡ
иţŵĵӡ
Ц
ԣ΢΢һͣܿ죬΢ȵˣǿҲ侳ءȷŵĵӣ
侳أ
һ㶣Ҳʶղ̽ڡ
ֻǣܺ棬˭ͻƵ侳ء
̲ס¡
ܿ죬ͻȻ
ԭǽϡ
ظظˡ
û뵽ͽһԵýҲٴδͻƵ侳ء
ǰˡ
ҡͷһ̾
ܸ˵˵𣿡ʡ
Ȼԡ
ͷԼΰڣ뿪ģ򵥵˵һ顣
û뵽ôļ䡣
˵ͷЦʱĺĽ㡭룬йȥҵļֻ֪ԼǱʵĵӣտʼֻΪʦҲʶʵֻĹߡ
ȥˡ
Ц
ǰȥˡ
ͷ
ܴҵĹȥ𣿡
ͻȻ˵
˵ͷű뿪ڡ
˵ٶȡ
Ƭ֮󣬾˶
ʱ꣬ӣֻһЩӾ˷¡
ҵĸۡڣֻȼ˿ء
ű£߽˶
˳֣ʱ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ļ磿
ʡ
ǰҵﳤġ
ЦЦָһߵĹžһǵãʱ򣬲ǿھҺҸ罫סˡ
ȥҲЩ廳
иϲרǺ«ģСʱϰ߳ԡϧ꣬͹ˣԺҾҲûԹǺ«
طҺҸ硢磬׽Բء


ͱڶУһһ˵ͯ¡
Щɶ˶֪
үү
ͻȻһϵڳ
ŷ֣һŹȵˣվһؿ
Ų϶ϡʶףţȴ벻ˡ
Ҫ뿪Ѿнʮˡ
˷ǣĪڴˡ
Ǻƽ
˼
ƽ
סˣҽǰˣ͵ϵһ
ƽǳҵˣ󲮵İ£ڶ˵С
ǵãСʱ򣬺ƽŴ󲮣͵͵ǳԡ
ƽԭ㣬Ҷ
Ｐʱ졣
үϲңҲ޿ɺǣҲʮûүˣҲˡ
̾
ƽһ˰ɡЦ
ԣʱЦˣЦú㡣
λӰɣϵ˵ȢһӣȻԷ鰡
һ۳ߵı΢Ц
СƨֻˣӣҲпʱš
Щεؿ˱һۡ
ȴûв˴кƽ
ãá
΢Щ
ƽȥɣߣҪ뿪ˡ
ֵ
ԣ˵ͷһҧҧվûڡ
ƽôˣʲôҪҰæ𣿡
￴һĻ̲סʵ
̾˿ү²鷳㣬ֻǡǲТӣѧЩǷǮڵãҲѣҸЩϵķϣҲ鷳ֻǲТӡ


504 Ʋ
ƽǺδ绹С
üͷ΢壬ʡ
˵Ůӣʶ
ﶬǰǶӣмŮ
УζҪСϼꡣ
꣬ζûٸ海
˵ʱ顣
ȻǺζǸС
ҺȰܸЩΪ飬ǲڵãǮǷү֣ѾТˣ
üƽôȥҴ󲮰æ
˿ЦЩҿǷ̫ˣûȥˣң£ҲǲТԼǳġԸȥҲٿǷҡ
һ𣬿Ըо˵ľġ
֪ľģҪܴġ
ƽЩʲôط
ʡ
˵ֻС£֮͡
ɶ˵Ƕӵ
˵ָ·£ͱ̤նȥܿϱߵȺɽȥ
ϱߵȺɽвٵҰޣȥ˵ȥ
侳ߣҲ롣
û뵽ﵹѡ
ɨܿͷѡ
ԭǶʮ
ҡͷһЦ
Ⱥɽһɽڣһľ
ѡ
ɽһߣһֱľϣһԼĪʮ˱
ϴˣһĥ
ζ˵㣬ϵˡ֪ɸЩԨԴֻҪԸ⣬Ȼ֣ҲΡ
һɵ꣬ĺζڿϵӦˡ
ζɫҪɱɱҾûǮ
ҪѰҾͳȫ㣡
ɵ꣬ɫһն
ˣ
䣬նζ
ζ˫ۣûоʹɵ˫
ʱŷ֣һָסն
ǷǶǮ
ﵭǰʡ
ôҪǮ
ۿָһɵҲŵˣһɵ
ǡ
ͷ
࣬ɵ˵
Щ˰ɣ
̧֣Ԫӵϣ
ˣˣ
Ŀ
ϴ󣬳ʲôˣ
ϴ˭

ܿ죬ʮΧס
ȫҹǹͣͣ
˵ۣϵĽԪζǮġ
϶ֻǷӣôԪҲ٣
ζ
ʡɣСӡ
ҡҡͷתһ̧֣ζϵҷ
ζֶŵˣŴĿ⣬ɾ죬漴Ǽү
Сӣôˣ
Ц
ү
ζСʮҲˣһ
үǳλүɣ
ܰɡλүҵۻʵһżŵô
ͣƺ˵еġү޼
ɣ

һȺסˡ
ǸɵˣҲ죬ƨƨܹλүǳˣ
϶Ĺۺúÿλǳүŵҵۻʵ
ζüȻҲϴ󣡡
ɵˡ
үҲ֪˼Ұ
조ͨһ͹ˣĽԪҲ˳
ڣЩԪֱȴҪ£
үʲôָͿԴݻԪĴڡ
һССǵġ
ү
ү

ξѣæ£ġ
ΪΣô
ҡҡͷץζ̤նݶ䣬ǼԪЩûʲôǰ;
ˣ
ڳǰ˺ζһۣ΢Цʡ
š
ͷ
ζˣģⱲӻǵһμûˣǣɫ㣬߻£㶼
̫ˣ
үλǣ
ζʡ
ӡ
ﻹûڣʹ˹
ζԣһ飬ջڱϵĿ⡣
Ҳ˵޲Ϸ
Գڵݵλò

ЩǮţԺúúƽˡҪȻҲ㣡
⣬˺ζһѽԪ˵˺ζһۣʾ䡣
ү֪ˡ
ζ˫΢죬㲻ض𣿡
ҡͷȥˣƽ˵һˡ
˵꣬ʹűһ뷽ȥ
һʱ쵽ˡ
Σһʱҵļ伴ҷҲԹ޻ˡ룬ҵ꣬Ϊһ֡ԣӦҵ걾
ۿǰ΢΢һЦ
̾˿
ͱص˵ĴϿȡ
Ůӿһˣɻ˵ôŪúһһǻعôֶļûʲôӰ졭
ŮӵĻóסˡ
ǰ˼ǣļ䣬ʧ
ʡ
Ȼᡣ
Ůüһļ䣬ԴһǣһӵУֻǻһӵ꣬䡭Ҫ˵Ϊļ䣬һΣһΡ
Цˡ
ϣҲ¶Цݡ
ԭ
ǳǱ
ȻȻΪһɶһǣؽ档
ҪȻҲҪҪһʱ
Ǵ㣬óɹһʱ
ڿˡ
ȻҲˡ
ǰô˵￴ŮӣЩЦá
ҲûʣʹҴããȥˡ
ʱ˵
ǰ
æ
ˣɡ

֪Լļ䲻ʧ󣬱̬Ȼ߽࣬һҡ
Ҳ˿
ΣⶼһϢ
ǰ
ͻȻһ£Ůӡ
ţŮɻ
ǰ֮ǰ˵ɶʥ֮壬˵ʲôطԽɢȥĻΡǲ˵ʣµһһǣҲԴ䣿
һʵ
ҲʣµһһǣҲǳڡѾΣ䣬пܾǻ򣬱Ͼԣĸ
ŮƲ
ڻ򣿡
Ŀһ鼤
ɶȫֻҪһһǡ
ҵһһǣɶػʱӽ
ǰһһǣпַʽڣ᲻һγһˡ
ʡ
ȻᡣǱʿ۵Ľ顭дֶΣһһǣпܼľĳ˵
Ů˵


505 ˷
Ҳ˵ֻҪڻѰңпҵɶʣµһһǣ
һʵ

Ůӵͷ
ȥѰң𣿡
ͻȻʵ
ӣֻҪӽһһǣȻӦ
Ůֵ
ͷ
΢Щ
ܶѣ㷭ҲҪɶһһҳ
ɶꡣ
ʱţҹĻ١
ڣٴγ֡
æӭȥǰΣ
˳һۣɶ꣬ںϣҪµʱ䡭
һͷ
˴㡣
º󣬵ɶһѣȥѰʣµһһǡ
£ҲԼг˰š
һվݳǡ
߽ݳǣĿЩƮ졣
꣬Ǵ￪ʼ𲽡
ǵãʦ֣Լڡ
ȥҲ֪ʦֺ͹ˡ
һ
ݳǣݳǵգϣ𽥸ֳЦݡ
ͻȻǰһɱ
ǰ棬һ˲·
һ·ϣ˼ɹ
üͷһ壬ݳУ龰
ңݳǣݳǾҲҡ
ݳǵˣҲļˡ
¡
ԲˣﲻΪ
ÿ
˱һ޷ɳֱӳ
Ŀһ䣬ֽסޣ͵һҽУֱӽ˹ʱһԡ
һĿﱼڶ
أ
һ߳أֱ߷˳ȥأûϢ
վ·ߵˣĿɿڴ
ǿɲһѸ;ԡ
ɡ
ʱĳæͣɵؿ˳һۣȵСӣ֪ʲô𣿾ҼС㣬ɵ𣡡
üҵǺ棬ʲôˣڴۣѸ;ԵĽԶѰײˣУ
Сӣܵĵ֪ͦǼСĿǹкýã
һۣ
˵ôϻʲôȥˡ
ƷɵˣҽԳ˵

һ㶡
˵Ĳó
õĺýã

һȻӳ֮ǰ
Ҫʲô
ɫ䡣
ֽ̧Ƶһԣ˳
ڣһʮͷŮӣʩ죬ȴԵˡ
Ůӵݼ䣬ϡԿϤĺۼ
ֻǣһʱЩ벻
ֻǣϲԷԷϲ
磡
ŮӴƬ̣һ΢΢Щʪ
ǡСݶ
ϳǰŮ˭
뵽ġ
õĺýá
ҵݶֻ˭
û뵽㶼ôˡ
̾
²ˡ
磬˵ȥ˺Զĵطȴû뵽һȥô꣬ʲôʱģ
ݶٳƽ
Ҹջ
Ц
ݶãС˭ôᣬȥ˽ѵ
һȳһ߹ˣۿݶĵøˣӹһ˿ʣʡ
Сݶɷ򣿡
üͷ壬ʡ
ǣ
ݶæҡͷҸһĶӡ
˵ţֿˣ֣Ҹ˵ܶˣݶˣҪȥˣԼǰɡ㸸˵һҾͲȥӼˡ
˵ţݶȻ֣磬㻹ûؼҰɣҸһȥ
ɵˡ
ңңݶȥУ¶ַ֮ɫ
ү㻹ҼСĻӼҰɡ
ɫ΢ƺڲ²ʲô
ߣҲŹ
ɫһֱӽϵͷɱȥ뿪ݳǡ
ֻʣ³ԭء
һλүҪùˡҪҪ֪ͨأ
Ŀ˸һҧˣˣҼݳڳɱ˵ʲôֱ̼Σҿôù
Ȼ֪Լһȥʲô¡
ڵȫʻջͷΪݶһˡ
СݶղǸƺϲ㰡
ǰ·ϣߵݶЦ
ݶüһ磬㲻֪ˣҪҸ׸ǼҲҪҲ
ﵭһЦ㸸׸ҹϵܺ𣿡
ݶǼҸǼˣҸ׻Ҽ޸ҲɣҪޣҪ޳ˣŲֻ῿ġ
ݶż񼶱Ĵڡ
¼ֱһ档
ѾͷôҪ󡣡
ҡͷһЦ
磬ġ
ãġ

ݶУܿ˳⡣
ӣЩ
磬ôˡ
վԭأݶһ㶡
ûʲô߰ɡ
Ц
ܿ죬˾˳ſڡ
ſԳԣס
ֻǣݶæ΢ЦͷкݶС㣬ˡ
š
ݶͷͽ˳
ȻףȴҲ⡣
ݶǳĹϵڳ֤ͨ
ڳǰԺĴֳȻûʲô仯ϸȴ˺ܴĸı䡣
Сݶˡ
ͻȻԶһŮףӹ𣬿ݶһ΢Ц
ɩ
ݶǣų֣˹ȥ
Сݶλǣ
Ůӿһɻ
ȴûע⵽ߵɷ嶼ʼ΢Ĳ
磡
ܿ죬ͷ֣İˣ˲ɷһ
ɷҲ˵ۺᡣ
С
ɷ˵ĳƺ״͡
С
Ǹܣ
磬ģλֻɩӣֶӶˡ
Ц
أɶô꣬кû
Цʡ
һ֪ͣλشĿ˳ߵŮϣɩ
ŮӦһЦݣܣ㣬ǽȥ˵
ɷ򸾣ͳһ˳
ȥ˵Ϣ
ݶһܵˡ
ͳڴУԶһԳ
ɵӣҲΪﵹȲ衣
ʱţһȥꡭλ˾ϲЦ
磬ĺʦͳ¸ʦأڳ𣿡ʡ
Ƕȥˣÿһʱ䵹Ƕˣ¸ʦҲˣǵļˣҲĺûгˡ̾
ĺʦ㻹ûף
סˣûǴĺʦӦʮˡ
Ŀ⸴ӡ
ҲֻԼ͸ǸŮӵ˼
²ǿ֪
ҪǺܿڣǸöá
ͻȻʲô̾
˫һ
·ֻص˵ڣ龰
Ȼף˷ǡ


506 
磡
С
пһ󣬳ۺͳᶼˡ
ȥ˫޻Ұף²ˡ
󲮣
ϸЦݡ
ڳᣬﻹЩϲˣ˵Ůʮ˱䣬һ㶼û˵
Сᣬ綼ˣҪӣˡôûϲĶ󣿡
Ц
ԣʱ磬ջôѧҸס̸ܲܲ
Цã̸̸
ۿЦѾͷ˵ʲôЩӲʺ˵Ҫ޾ͼˡҶˣ֪Ȱˡ
ˣ˵Ҿҵġ
ݹԪӦ˵ݹīʯ۹¶ҵڶ
һ⻰Լô졣
Ŀ⣬һԵݶϡ
ݶۿ￴Ƥͷ磬ҺἸǰôˣûиһɫˣԸޡ
ҡͷЦ
ж︣ȻС֣Ҳٱֲһ˫ӣ𣿡
ֿ󲮳ۣ
˵öԣף㲻绰𣿡
ˣ۰ͰͿۡ
Ѿͷ㰮ɡ
ε
ףҾ֪ˡ
ˡ
󲮣һûϲ㣬ܿҪˡ
Ц
ǰΪҿ֦ɢҶˡˣɶأûһ
ʡ
ɶ£ûһͷҸʱ䣬ٴݷô㡣
Ŀһæ
ãá
۵ͷϸοЦݣСͶסհɡ
Цд⡣
ڳס˼졣
պͿһŭš
󲮣ôˣ
ɫ΢䣬ѵ˲ǳ
˭ǳǾǴ
˿ֵСǸӼҵСӣˣǰԺˡҪδãɡ
Ӽң
һ㶡
տʼﻹ֡
ֱǰԺˣȻ
ǰոݶߵǸ
ڵ֣ͺèһۣͷүҲ֪Ҳ֪㣬Ҳġ
һһŵˣüͷһƣﻹ²ʲô
ү
ʱһӰ첽
ݶߣһ⡣

ٴμҼﶼЩϲˣͷ׷ࡣ
ү£ϣһΣ
һ
ӼҵĽȷʵǿԣҪӦһ
ﵭ˵
ʲôү˵
æʵ
ԺСݶԸĻ£øһԼѡΣ
˫𣬻ʵ
ʱɫ΢
ߵݶĿѩæߵߣ֣ͷڳϣ磬Ҿ֪ˡ
ҴӦ
̾˿һ˲֮䣬˼ꡣ
ˣǣɣ
Ŀһ䣬ɨֵһۡ
ֵˣʱǱ뿪˳
ЩεһۣЦ֪СݶһŮҴӦ㣬϶СݶһˣΣ
ԣĿһ棿
Цƭ𣿡
ˣݶȴˣ磬ôҳѣִҽڰ
ҡͷһЦСݶҲҪΪ㸸׶롣ңɷģԲ㣬ԺԼúѡΣ
Լѡ
ݶһɻ
º׼ɶ߱򡭡ʱССݶϡ۹ϰٸӦòõСݶҲʵķ˰ɣ
Ц
Ŀⷢһ¡
Ԫֻµһ
߱ŮҵŮٲҲȥ
ڣݶҲһ˷ܣ磬Ҫһȥ𣿡
Ȼ
ͷһЦ
Щ֮ǰ󲮳۵óµʱ㡣
ãݶ顣
Ҫȥᡣ
ݶ˷ܵˡ
үлл㡣
Ҳ˿
ղţ浣ĴӦԺԼŮҪ¶ϡ
ڿĵĶǶġ
磬Сݶ˵𣿡
뿪ﻹûüȥͿݶͳһˣɵ˵ͷȻġҪٵ£ʱ䣬Ǻúô󲮺ġ
ǣŮæͷ
ǶԣȥԶĵط
һΣлᵽ۹ȥ۹ǶԣǾϲ
ȥ۽ˡ
ס죬󲮳ۺͶ˵һ뿪ˡ
ֱȥԪʳǡ
򸾺򸾡
ˣʱ꣬ٴķ¥
żȥһ㶼͸ˡڵΪӦò侳˰ɣ
˳һۡ
磬ǳԼǵ侳ˣ
Ц
û뵽꣬Ҳɳȵزģꡣ
ҶҲЦ
ɲôʦҴڵģҲ侳Ѿ侳ˡ
ҲΪп
꣬һμʱ򣬳ﻹһСС侳ߡ
ǰֻ̤侳Ĵڡ
꣬ǵʵ֮
죬ǵء
ڣһеת仹֮ȴǵأ졣
ӦҪ󣬳ҲڻʳǴ˼գŸȥ
ص˳·ȥ˼š
ûֻǰйۿ
ŷ֣Ѿ棬ģڵȫʢʱڡ
ţǵʮһȺˣ񶼳Ϊ˼ųϺ͵ӡ
һĻҲΪο
֮飬԰οˡѵؽ
Ŀ㱡
·ֻص˵꣬Ҷ콫һиֻȥ뼫ŹʱһĻ
ڻ
ʵһжᷢ

»صʳǣͷϤϢ
ڵˡ
һ̤ն
ԶԶأͿӰʹӶȥ
ǸһĨЦ
һͷϵ޾С
侳ߵϢ˲ϯ˵ϡ
ã
񣬳ʹϿյˣɫ䡣
磬侳ߣҼǵʳǲơֻء𣿡
˾ɫѿ
ǵãơֻءԺɱ侳
Ϊλ侳߸Ұ
ң侳ߣҲָ
ô֪ǸϽߡ
ɫһ̤ն䡣
˾Тȥ
ֻǣǺܿͷ֣ǹ侳ϢһӴ·ֱ֣֮ӷסǣߴȥ
ˣ


507 Ů
硢ɺ˾类֮ڰգ֮ȫɫҰס
Ρ
ôôùò׻˼ңſڶˣȴ侳ѹȡ
˿̣ޱȡ
ʲôˣҪԸǡ
ʢ˰ɣ
˾е
ôܣҪʢˣǿ϶һ·׷ˡôŶ֡
ҡͷ
û˵üͷһ
ҿʲôˣԼҲ
˾ѵñ˾ֿڣԹ
Ҳʹİ
ңңˣǸһĨЦ⣬Ƭ֮һ΢ЦתɻЦ
뵽ʲô
ˣڿУȴšþĽ١
ͻȻ
һɳƵ
ߣҺöûǹطˣò׳ôСõǿΣ浱껹Ρ
ɳƵ˼ʡ
ɵˣҲУ
ÿҲǴ
·һǻݣȥѡһʮʱ俼ǣʱɱǣ
ɳƵ˵ߡ
Ǹʲô棬ⳤÿҲҵĴӦҸĸ
˾һοЦ
оԼôôù
ǳТһۣɻ󣬲û
㸸ĸ
ɳƵƬ̡
Ц֪˾Ǹ¶ĸ
Ϸȫס
ĸĸģ
ɳƵʡ
Ҳ֪ģҪڰң֪ͨСӦѲģ𣿡
˾æ˵
ȷʵС¡һǴٵݣƽ޵ľС
ɳƵ˾У˾ɫ䣬𰡣棡ǻΣ

̲סЦЦ͸¡
˾С
ףôôϤ
˾ûзӦ
һСˣ
˾һۡ
˵ôܣȥɽ˵ӿѡô
˾һ㶡
˾û뵽ҲµĶ
߿֮ϣ䣬һ˾硣
㣡
˾һǺЦĳТˣۣǳ𣿡
ȻСｫѹɳƣûб䡭ԼϸĶѡ
ҡͷһЦ
Ҳͷ
һ˾һƣܿ죬עȫתơ
㲻ȥɽ˵ӿ𣿡
˾ʡ
ТͳҲ˹
ˡ
һЦΣҲͰɽˡ
ţ
˲⡣
ｫȥһһˣûκ
ҲǴľ
û㻹Ǹ
˾´ųĿŹ֣ĵͨǶ֪صÿ
ôˣ
ʡ
ҵǿߣ붯֣ˡ
Цˣ磬ĸѾָˣңʵҲõ˼Ҳ侳ˡ
һ͡
ɾ䣬ǲ֡
ᡭ
ȥĸף
Ƽ»ʹ
Ҳϡ
һҶǹ
˾ֹţ뵽ղűˣһ͸оЩϷ̡
ɹȻҲûʹƽ˼
һ˺˾磬Ժȵҹɢȥ
һֱ˯ڶ磬硢ɺ˾žһԷ
СȻɶºڻʲô㣿
ʵ
ɺ˾Ҳ
ɶ£Ҳ˵ˣû뵽ۡ
ʲô飬ֱ߸ǹȥ֪
Һãһжõķ淢չ
ҲԵϣɶվǣͳ˫˫ܣ޷ա
Ҵɶ߱ѰʣµһһǡˣһӦССݶһȥ
˵ԼĴ㡣
߱򣿡
˾˫ҵīʯ۹û߱飬Ҫ߱򣬿ǧƲҡ
Ȼû˵ʲôԿҲ˼
ô㲻ûسˣҿɿǰƺͦǣǵġ
һЦ
֮ǰȥڣʱǸͷ߶ţСʲôʱ
ǣң
˾緭˸ۣˣûϷŪ˰ɡǲȥˣǸϼһһȥ
ҡͷһЦ
ʲôԳЦ磬˵ˣڳˣɩӶˡ
ĿһģҲ԰ˡ
磬綼ɼҵˣǲӦҲˣ
Цʡ
Ŀ⣬ȴɵϣЦҲǱߣ˵ǰء
û˳һۣһҵƣ
˾綼Цˡ
£ڻʹһŸĸһ
ڳˣȥ˳¡
ƣ˾Բʵڳ£Ȼȥ˱ĵط
ڳǰ˲Żصʹ
ǰѳݶҲһˡ
ҵǲöһ˳ˡ
ݶЦ
֮ѵٴϿգңңԶĴϿȡ
ȥ
ڣȻһġԴ
طڣƺһ֪
Ҳˣһ壬һֱϢ
ڳ׼ȥϿȵʱ
ಣ
ڷͻȻӳһӰ
ңңȥӰԽԽ
һλòŮӣһĺ£欵ȫ˳һ˫ӣ˸źɫĹ⻪
óﾪȵǡ
̲סɨִŮȻһ侳ߡ
Ȼֻ侳һأҲó𾪡
ʲôط
һǣһССĸѡ
ţ
ŮӵףﾹȻ֣ԷЩϤƺʲôط
ֻǣһʱȴ벻ˡ

Ȼ벻ԷȴԷҲ벻Ůӷһ׺󣬾˳ǰԶս
㡭ʶң
һ㶡
ûҷΣҶҪлл㡣
Ů˵
ţ
һлʲôУʶȻЩ죬һʱȴ벻ںδˡ
벻㲻ˡ
һŮӵĿ⣬ڳϣû뵽겻ΪһߡֱšΣҶҪлл㣬ллŹϱڰɼҵ
˵ŮӵǣֺÿЦݡ
һλҲټһ棬Ҵʦ뿪ǰʢ򡭡Ժ󣬿ǲٻˡ
˵һ
ŮҲȳعһӰԶգʧ


508 涵۹۶
ϱ
һ
ϱȻǵá
ԭݳϼˣΪϱĳͻΪ˵ߣ˺һϵ֮µķ
ųңϼңȡ֮
˵ڵĳǰϼҸۡ
ֻǣЩ¡
ϱȻ侳εĴй
뵽æж׷ȥ
ԶԶظźŮӡ
ֱŮһ·ûȥݳǣ˿
浣ĺŮӻȥݳǳ鷳
ƺʶҡ
üʼ
ȥһĻĻ龰ʼԺӹ
ܿ죬ļ䣬һ˵ϡ
һŮȻֻǼһ棬ȴǽסˡ
꣬֮ңΪǸŮӡǸŮӣϼҵġ硯ˡ
һ
ֻǣǱ𣿡
źܶɻ
ԭΪҲںϻڱʱһɱˡ
ڿȴˡ
磬ƺ˼꣬ȴҲ侳Ϊ
ʦ𣬱Ȼ˲õ
пʣ
һ
û뵽֮Уǿߡ
û뵽յǸŮ˳ɾ͡
˿ڵĴϿȶȥ
£ͷˡ
һΣҲ뵽ϱվûг֡
ʱϱѾֵˡ
ҡҡͷ˴Ͽȡ
һֻֻԾ涢С꣬Ҳá
һ̧֣ʳǴһЩǹЩСȥ
ǰ
﹧
ȻɶѾзݣպһҡѡɡ
˵
ǣѡ
æͷ
ܿ죬ɶ
ɶ
ϸЦݡ
硣
ɶЩ
ҲΪ⡣
֣ɶڿĿ⣬Ѿ֮ǰǰİΣΪں˱һǰɡ
ѣλǰأ
﷢ûŮӣɿʵ
뿪ˣת㣬סǵԼ
˳һۡ
óȥѰۣʵҲǹҪΪѳ
ȴû뵽Ľ˻
һˡ
ȥɡ
ְ˰֣û
֣ǣɶ֣ȴɶĽ΢΢һ
ҡͷһЦץɶ֣̤ն
ȥ
ܿ죬ڻʳǣ˻ϡ
һȺˣ볤֮󣬱㿪ʼīʯ۹ΪģʼһС
ܿ죬һˣƣʧǡ
ʧǣų̫Ļ䡣
ʮڣʦִϡѪ
óᡢݶʧǣҲ£ɶ壬Ŀֱָڡ
ҪǴѪ
Ѫûʲôʦͽ֮ʵȴҲʦͽ֮Ұ٣ȹ
һֱܸм
뿪ΪѪڱչأԲûм档
ΣڣֱƹѲߵӵܣִϿա
ֻǣֶ£ûзѪټ
ݹڣǼԪ̨̽ˣûзѪ
ಣ
ｵִִſڴ͵ļڵӵӢϡ
̫ͻȻüһ󣬲ŷӦ
ǡ
Щɡ
ҽг
üﲻἸˣִ߽
ԣԭء

ȻǸսûãΪִӣȴ׹
ϾִǰִѪĵӡ
Ƴϡ
ɶֱִ߽ݶ
ܿ죬ٵĽŲ˳мż־ϲ
Ƴϣþò
΢΢һЦ
ǰˡ
Ӣ̾Ѫİɣ
ͷǡ
ӢҡҡͷˣȥʱѪ뿪˻ǰȥˡ
뿪˻
һ
ʱǼʦˡ
̾
ȻѪڣӢǺ󣬱ɶ뿪ˡ
˻Ϻ󣬱һ·Ѱɶǽʣһһǡ
һºһ˵īʯ۹۶
ȥ۶ı仯ֻǣ۶Ŀģΰ⡣
ԣﵹҲֵᡢݶ˵۶
Ϊһ·ѰԶţһ˵ٶȲ졣
󣬲뿪īʯ۹
뿪īʯ۹һ˽īʯ۹۹
۹Ѱһ꣬շת涵۹
涵۹ڳ缸˵İ
Զս
ƶԣһ֮õĵط
ֱӾͽԶսûȥκط
һΣһˣһ·涵۹ĵ۶
涵۹ĵ۶īʯ۹۹ĵ۶кܴĲеĽ㲻̫ߡ
һ˽һ˲֪ԭ涵۹۶й涨۶κνĸ߶ȣܳʹ涵ĸ߶ȡ
涵˵˲ǿߡ
Щǿߣ涵۹ػɲ¡
ɶڵ۶תһȦûֺ󣬾֪ɶһһǣҲ涵۹ĵ۶
ݶƺ涵۹Ȥա
һգһھ¥Է
ݶЦϣҵСȸᵽɵϲá
λС㣬𣿡
ʱһ٬һ˳Ｘ˵ǰ
Ϊ֮ˣһԼĪʮҵĽˡ
ˣˣΪ㲻һ侳һأһ侳ء
ҪģǸչʹ˵ķΣϳɲµˡ
Щݸ
ɲµĵ侳ߣʲôʱʼˣ
ֻһܣΪ׵ˣ򵥡
˸տʼãйоء
ǵɶʱ¶̰а
ɶüͷЩá
ϱϢ֮
ںڱһǣɶҲ̳˱ֶΡ

ɫһӱ˴Ǹ˾޷ܡ
ҹ
סˣһ
Сӣ
˾粻ͷһ֣˲佫Ʒ˳ȥ
ʱɫž޲ˣȻݣ
̫ӣ
˷ס˽ˡ
̫ӣ
һ֣¥ҳһţ˵Ŀ⼸˹
λǡ涵ĹλӦľ̫ˣ
Ҳֻ̫ӣ涵Ĺ㻤
Щʲôˣ涵۹۶̫Ӳ

һЩƿ̲ͣס۷׷ס
ң
˵Ĳ£վȣ¶˼ɫ˾硣

˾ɫһ䣬һӣµ˲ӳ
ݵ÷
涵Ĺɫһ䣬ͬʱ֣


509 侳
Ȼ涵ǵ侳ߡ
ǵΪȴԶ˾硣
˾һΪҲ˵侳ء
ֻһ̧֣µĵ֮⾳֮˲ϯ涵ֱƷ˳ȥ
˵һ飬
˾Ȼվһ涵۹̫ӡ
ÿһ̤һɿµϢڶԷϡ
ܿ죬涵۹̫ӵ
ͬʱһζ
ʱһƿ͵Ŀ⣬涵۹̫ӵĿϡ
Ȼŵˣ
涵۹̫ӣƽʱ߸ϣ¡
ھ¥֮УȴǱһŵˡ
ΧľƿͣЦֲЦ
£ĪҪ涵ΪУ
˲Сˣ̫ӱųɫѿޱȡ
涵
Σ˾ûڣ￪ˡ
ؿһۣﵭ˵涵ţ𣿡
ţ
ĻڳľƿͶɵˡ
ʲôˣȻ涵
Ҫ֪涵涵۹ıɲ¡ڣ涵еĹǳɲ¡
ãá
ŭЦ
ϣºΪ֮
ˣӵ̫ӣ׼뿪¥
뿪
Ŀ΢䡣
ղţʲôƨ̫ӾĿӣԣһּơ
Σ
һɫһʡ
ȥ
ڳ￪˲䣬һε˺̫ӵϣֱӺ˾¥
غھ¥ſڡ
¥֮ڣһƬš
һƿͣ˹㿴ų
˷ˡ
ԾĹ
ǼԷ𱻼ֻӬ顣
˾£΢Ц
Ӭ
¥ڵľƿͶɵˡ
ˣ˵涵Ĺ涵۹ĵ̫ǲӬ
磬˵Ǹ涵۹̫ӡڲ𣿡
ݶЩʵ
ڳʵ̫
ǳᣬΪСݶʲô綼ȥˣôẦ涵۹СС̫ӡ
ѾͷôңҪҴ򲻹˼Ұľȱô죿
ҡͷһЦ
ôܡ
ԳΣΪäĿ
ʱ
¥⣬һ궯
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

صĽŲޱȣԽԽ
ɲǼ䣬ضɽҡ
¥ڵľƿͣ׷ױɫ
Щȥɫ䣬찡־
ʲô־ˡ
һЩƿͣʼȥ
־ǿ涵۹۶ǿľӣ˵еĽʿ侳߽ϵĴڣڣٷϵĽʿ侳ǿߡ
ͳ죬ǵ侳һĴڡ
־ˡ
һ侳߽ߣһ־ɱˡ
۹־׽ѹӷ֮ˣɢ
ضɽҡͣЪһޱȵݶ
Ƭ̹򣬾¥¥գֻʣ³һˣûж
ܿ죬һȺĽʿ̤룬Ϊ֮ˣһˣѪȵϢսĽʿ
Ǽѹӷ̫ӵ£
꽫˫һ˿⡣
ѹӷ
˾Цˣô˲ð

꽫ɫһ䣬䳤ʣֱ˾硣
Ѫȵĵ֮⾳ŵֱ֮˾硣
ϣ
˾Զӳʳָһֱѹ꽫ĵϡ
ˡ
ɲǼ䣬꽫ĵһ˲顣
꽫Ҳ˳ȥѪ
ͳˣ
һӾʿɫ䡣
ɱ
˵꽫죬¶һ
ʱһӾʿͬʱ֡
綾ĳǹֱӶ̺ŻЩʿȻȫ侳ߡ
ˣ侳߽׵Ĵڡ
ߣ
˾ЦȻնա
ͬʱĹݣҲϥϣ˫ڹ֮ϣʼݡ
Ȼ

ɱ֮⣬ա
ݣݣݣݣݣ

һӶ׾پͽһԾʿеǹìֱӶ˳ȥ
ž
ɲǼ䣬˾˫ڹ֮ϡ
˲䣬һɿµˣϯһӾʿովǱѵ꽫죬һͬ˾¥
ٸҽɱ
˾͸¶µı䡣
ţ˾ϯԲˣȾơ
ղŵˡ
˾
ݶ˫۷Ź⣬ݵؿ˾硣
ǵͳ
˾ҡҡͷЦ
˾㻹ǫˣ
̲סЦˡ
¥֮⣬һȺ˱˾¥ʣµǧʿɵˡ
ǵͳˡǧ򳤡ٷ򳤣Ȼȫˡ
Ҫ֪ôУҲ⼸λʵǿ
ͳˣô죿
һǧһʡ
Щ¡
оղų֮˵ʵǵնɱĵ侳ߡ
ֻǣʱǿ˲ŽԷɱ
ڡ
ˣֻ֮һ
ô죬Ѿܹܵġ
꽫ȻգȴҲûӵˣʶղǸݵ˵ĻԲǿЦ
ɲͷ
ңȥû˱
Ȼ׽̫ӣ̫ӽΪȻӰ쵽һ
ô˵ӡ
ˣעܼ̳дͳΪһۻʡ
Ǹûˡ
˴㡣

һĵӰھ¥ǰ档
λ
꽫æ˶
ͳ죬ǵǱ
Ϊ׵ˣɨ꽫һۡ
úɫһ䡣
λˣ涵еǿ
˵ɲ£λϵķʦ֣ǵ侳صĴڡ
¥ڡ
һҲˡ
ֻǣ׼˵ʱ򣬷ƹСӰ١
ǽҪ԰ˡ
˾ҡͷһЦ
ߣ
ʱһߣݶ롣
һӰˣ˽
侳أ
ɨͷ˵Ϊ
Ǽˣ涵
Ϊ׵ˣüɢ˵ɱ⣬
ˣ
ü˸Ƿ
Сӣ
ɫ䣬ϰĵ֮⾳֮ϯֱ̤ӳ
ֻǣÿ죬ȥø죡
䣡
ֻһ̧֣ϯֱӽ˸˳ȥ
飡
˺Ȼھ¥֮⡣
һ˲䣬¥֮־ǧʿɵˡ
涵Ĺǿߣ
رΪ׵꽫죬־ͳ죬ֻо
¹Ķû˱
ܽ¹˵ģҲǵ侳ߡڣ侳ǿߣ
ҵĹԹԣ
Ȼ٣Լǲ˻ˮ
ͬʱҲЩ¡
ҺöԷղûº֣ҪȻʮ
졭侳
¹¼Ѫмһ˿˿־塣
С־ʿĶС


510 
侳
һȺ־ʿˡ
һ˫ȸǲ
Щɱ侳߽ûȴҲһ侳ߡ
ʱ־˳
ͳΪס
һΣȴֻǧˣͳҲֻһˡ
˵ֻôˡ
־ȫڣҲ侳
ʲôЦ
侳涵۹޵еĴڡ
涵۹У֪侳ǿߣҲֻʣɲµķ
涵۹֮˵ϵĴڡ
ֻҪһ仰涵۹ĳ
侳ǿߣǿȷĴڡ
ʱ־ַ֣¥߳һˣ涵ļڶ˳ֻè㵽һߡ
ڣûȡЦǡ
侳ǿǰǸͨûʲô
־Ĵʿܿͷ֣һȺˣȻˡ
ԴģҲͽʮꡣ
侳أɲµĵλӦòͰɣ
һ߳󣬳Ŀ⣬˵ϣʵ
һҵ۱֣Ƿʦ֡
˵Ҳмûˡ
һЦ
㡭ʶǷ
һ㶡
ȻʶҲֻʶǷʶǷĵӡԪ
Ц
΢΢ݣǣ
üͷһƣ

˻Ƭ̣ԺðһͷȴЩš
㡭ǵɹĵӣ
һǲʵ
ɹˣһΣԪһԶսﵭһЦ
ϵľȣԽԽŨ
ǰɹŵӡҲţ֪һ츳ʦֶԪĴڡ
ڿԷֹǲԪ
ԪͲһεġ
ԪҲ侳ء
ԷȴѾ侳ߡ
û뵽㣬ε£Ӧᡣ
˿ЦҲֻ˳ˮۡ
²ᡣ
˫һ˸ôãڣôҲӦֵ˰ɣһʱʱ䣬ʲôƨ̫ѵ·һ˿ڵ۶תһȦ
³Ҳû׷
ΪǸʲô̫ӣһһ鷳Ȼûʲôˣֻ
ôˣҲͲǳˣ
ԣͫһ
̫ڵ۶תһȦ
⡭
ֵܣǷȨأ
һʡ
һʱȻҽɱʹҾã£㻹涵۹ĵۻȡɡô˵Ҳǻҵˡ
ﵭ˵£ɲ޹أɲȻǣҿڹȥϣԲƽϡ
Բƽϣ
ɫһ
ɲ£ε
Ȼ˵Բɲ¼ƽϡ
ѵΪͻƵ侳޷
ɲ£Ҳûǿߡ
ڣЩʦܣᵬѾ侳أӻ
ͻƵ侳Ҳֻ侳ͽ׶ѡ
ܿơ
£Щѡһʱʱ䣬Σ
˿ʵ
ɲмֵϣȻԡұڵ۶ٴա
˵ͷ
һֱȥ
ǧ־æÿһ·
侳ǿһͶʹɱ֣ʱ޵ĻᶼûС
ҿǸϼһûģǻ֮ơ
˾üͷһ壬˵
֪
˵ͷ
֪
˾һɻ
ɶݶҲ
Ψɺͳ磬ƺһ㶼⡣
Ǹӣ֪йû´֮ɲµλȻ٣
˫һ˵
㻹
˾һ㶣룬϶ǷᵬЩͻƣԶԸ㡭ҪȻ뿪ɡ
޷
ﲻ
ᵬһƴƣȴɱ˳ɾǿ֮ˡ
꣬Ͳҹͬ
ˣ֮Ҳûʲôͻ
һΣᵬ˺Ҳ
Ҳȥᵬڳ߸ϡ
Ȼڵʵ˵֮µһˣҲΪ
ƾ֮£ܽһ
˾Ҳʶ˳š
ͻȻɺͳ綼⣬һŹ֣Ͳµ˰ɣ
˾飬̫ˡҪ֪ڵСѾǹȥСˡ
Ц
һˣ涵۹һջס
գҲƽ
ɶݶ֣Żõĳݶоֻصǰ
֪ڵٹ꣬Ҫʮˡ
뵱뿪ݳǣŵѡΣѾȥʮꡭ
պ
һˣ涵۹ʹ֮ϡ
涵۹ۻʣ˾
޼ɵݶ䡣
涵۹۶
һʱ䣬۶
ʲôˣôֱƻҡ
Ͳ֪˰ɣ˵̫ӵһ侳ǿߣ涵ǿ߶û취Ҫۻʸһ
ʲô
̫ѹ·һ˿ңڵ۶תһȦ

۶£Ƶۡ
ʹϿա
ųﻰһ䣬ʹûж
Ȼʹ׼
˿̣ڻʹһĴУ涵۹ۻɫѿĲԶһ˹ɪɪ
ˣǱˣ涵۹̫ӡ
ڵϣг˿־塣
ôҲû뵽ΪһŮˣ˽ѡ
ǸŮ˵ˣȻһ侳ǿߡ
ӣ
ۻ֮Ӷǰӣֱӽɱˡ
ʣǧҪӦǧҪ
̫ӹĵʹ顣
һ˿ڵ۶תһȦⱲӾͳ׻ˡ
Ҳ˵ᱻס
۶ȥˡ
ϣܼʱϵɡҪȻҲԸҲû취ֻܽϳȥνˡ
ۻϳ˲Ȼŭ⣬ߵ
涵۹ұƣȻǻŭ
ֻǣԷʵʵ̫ǿˣһ뵽Է侳ߣһ
ʡ
̫ӵһζ
Ҷ𣿡
ۻɫһȵȥ
ǣǡ
̫æ뿪ȥˡ
ڿУɶվߣҲվһԡ
ݶǱƴš
Ȼһ·ǾƴŷУ涵۹ʹϿգǻǺԵа
ͻȻ̧ͷ
ǸӦʲô
겻ȴû뵽㾹ȻҲͻƵ侳
һƮ˷
ܿ죬ɮװˣ̤ն䣬ڳĶ档
ɲ·ᵬ
󣬻гΪϤġԪ
ˣȻС


511 ̫֮
ȥ
ᵬòûı䡣
仯ĻԪ
ԪһϢʤǰ
ΪԵõ˼
缸ˣȴѷɫһ
ϾԪһֱڻޡ
˵㣬ǡ족
ԪٴμＸˣرӹ硢ɺ˾ʱĿ⸴ޱȡ
⼸ˣȣв硣
ȴȫ

￴ᵬһЦ
һ׷нءҲ侳ء㣬겻侳һΪȴ൱Һա
ᵬĿڳϣʼռƽ΢Ц
ͺֻǺͳĵһ㡣
ɵˡ
Ϊʦ涵۹ϵĴڡɲµķ൱
һʼֻΪҲ侳ͽס
ڻɾһΪѾ˵áǰ뿪򣬵Ǭ½ȥңҲֻһ侳ߡ
ҡͷһЦ
ᵬ˵ͷĿһһɨ硢ɺ˾硣
ڳˣҲЩӡ󣬡ô˵Ƕ뿪ȥ˻磿
ǡ
ͷ
ᵬ˫һ̾˿ͷһԪΪʦ̫쳵Ԫ֮Ҳ뿪ɡɲ磬档
ʦ𡣡
Ԫһ
ȻҲ磬ʦ˵ȴЩʼϲ
Ҫ֪ʦһֱɲ·ļ̳
Ͼ侳ߣҲսһ졣

ᵬĿ⣬˳ϣε£һӣΣ
ᵬһ䣬ˣɫ΢䡣
û뵽ǰʦܶԼ

￴ᵬ΢΢ҡͷ˵£ɲ£ҿԲ׷Ǹ̫ӣȴˡԴϾʼٸߣҪһأ
Ȼֻ˵ʽǷȨأ
ᵬ˵
˼ǣ
üͷһơ
涵۹ʹһ̻Ի͵ĴС
涵۹ۻʣۿһɮ룬¶羴ڵأ
ΧĹŮ̫ҲԹ
ɡ
˿̵ᵬ涵۹ˡ
涵۹ۻʣǰҲҪй
̫ӽ
ᵬĿ⣬˵ۻʵϡ
ۻһɡ
Ҳע⵽˸ᵬһȺˣһ
ͻȻߴһ˲ع߳ȥҽ̫Ѻ
һջÿӵ̫ӣͱ˹
ʣң
̫Ӹտʼû˿ֱ˳Ｘˣʱɫ䡣
ܿ죬ֿᵬ
λ涵۹ػɲµķҼһ档
һ۾ϳˡ
Ϊ
̫ӹᵬϥǰָＸˣ⼸ˣֻ涵۹ңɲ£ǽλԹµĹˣ˿·һҪϳǡ
̫Ъ˹
һˣ˳ЦЦ̫ӡ
˶һŹ֡
̫ӣ˼
ʱ򣬻ΪԼ⣬Ĩǡ
涵۹ۻʣǰһڣǰôûôȻ̫ӡ
ڣԼǲϹˣ
˶
ۻָ̫ӣ嶼΢΢
㡣嵽۶ɻӰ涵۹ҵϡգұһ
ᵬ˳һۣȻĿ⣬̫ӵϡ
̫ˡ
˿̣ûӦǰʲôҲͰ׻ôˡ
Ķˡ
ʲô˰
Ҫ֡

̫ˣζٴδݶ
Ｘ˲ü
涵۹ҵ̫ӣ˲ɡ

Ҳûᵬʲôǰ̫ӣ˲һ
һ̣һһѪѪΣ
䣡
ײڴһѩǽϡ
ʱǽڣ˲䱻ѪմȾ
ЩѪȻữһ֡
䣡
֣Ȼ򵥣ȴ̺⡣
⣿
ᵬ
л
üͷһƣ΢΢һЦ
պпգɵɲɲ£Թд
ᵬǰԳ˵
һ
ͷ
ܿ죬ᵬʹԪȥ
һˣҲ뿪˻ʹ
ֻʣ涵۹ĵۻʣǽϵѪġ䡱֣һء
󣬱Ϊ䡱֣涵۹֮ˣˣҲ涵۹ңµõϿɡ
涵۹֮˶֪䡱֣ѪĽѵ
涵۹̫ӵѪ۶ɡ
ֵģ涵۹ϵķ
ȻЩǺˡ
һ뿪ʹ󣬱뿪涵۹۶
޳꣬ǵһμᵬʱ˾ηڣȴ˿ûָоˡ
˾Ц
Ȼ侳ءĴڣھв٣ֲû
ҡͷ
ǳᳬ
Ŀһƽڡ
˾磬ǵһμǸʲôᵬʱʲô龰
˵ĻݶȤ
˾㽫ԶսǰһĻһһ֪ˡ
˾ĲҲΪп
ȷʵ
꣬һμᵬȻͬᵬΪĿһɥ¡
ò˵ᵬһǿߡ
һֻǿߡ
գᵬǰҴһڡ
ΪʱʵᵬֻҪһָѹ
ڡ
Ҳ˵ȫʩΪչֳֻһΪ磬ҲѾᵬ൱
ᵬʱƽȵ̬ȶԴҵ
ǿΪǬ½ôʵ
ճﲻ侳侳
ᵬͲ֡
ҳ֣
սɶ֣ͷһ˼ǰС
СŽһС롣
µĿĵأ涵۹µĸȻǸ
磬ǽȥģ
ݶʵ
Ҳʶ·ߵİɡ
Ц
ⶼһС·ˣûѾͷҵʵķСٹȥѾͷûз´󲮺㡣
Ц
ڳԳۺŵš
˳һۣΪѾͷʱǼһɡжſҲˡ
ԣԶԡ
룬ȷʵ
ȵЩѾͷԼȥߡҵɾ
ֵ
磬Ϊɾôô
ݶ˳һۡ
ǡҪ󽵵һЩ㣬ôҲܱȴ硢˾ɣ
һ顣
Ѿͷ̰ģ


512 ˫

涵۹µ֮һ
ĴɼһƬƬҶһɫĻ档
ʳǡ
գʳӭ˼糾͵Ӱǡ
էһǣ˲˵ע
ĸӣŮӣɲŮòվһ𣬸˴һĪ𺳡
ȻҪûֻɫСɷ羰ͺˡ
ǳһˡ
񣬾뵱һ뿪涵۹۶ֹȥ¡
Ǵ涵۹һ
ǶѾת顣
һ˸ջס¡
㿪ʼǰ·й
ֻǣһΣ֮ǰͬ
缸˷ֿɶڻʳǵĽͷ
磬ҸӦһ˿ϤϢܱ
һĸ֮ۡǰɶͣ˽Ų
ԣĿ
Ѱôã
̧ͷϡۡĴϣһҡ
˫
һٻ֮ҡ
Ȼţɶֱ˫
ٶȣ˫ļȻֲˡ
ֻǣͻȻķ磬ޱȣüˣⴵʲô硣
ҺҼʱվȣҪȻղžҪˡ
Ⱳӻǵһμôķ磬ǺôҲ侳ߣȻ㱻紵Ҫ˵ȥ
£Ǿ͵ûɡ

ɶһµԺǰ
ɶ
ʡ
ţǿҡɶͷ
˿ѹеļɶֱӽԺӡ
ԺӺܴ˻ݲݡ
һʮߡŮŻڽŪŻݣӰޱȡ
ɶûоŮ
ֱŮԼת
ŮתﻹûڣŮĿ⣬ϡ
ԿŮĿ⣬Ӹտʼľȣ˾
Ŀ⣬Ϥ
ɶĿ⡣
ϤɶĿ⡣
ͻȻַ֣ŮͻȻһ۾һգֱӵˡ
ǰ쿴
أɫѿ
ȻŮൽɶеġһǡ
ǣһǣȴŮǲһ
˴֮䣬·ĳֹ
ҪһǳҲ򵥡
ֱӻٵŮǼɡ
ֻǣ
ŮϾ޹ġ
ȻɱˣȴҲûԵ޹ȥɱһ޸֮ˡ
ɶǺã
Ц
ɶںԱһǺ󣬳˼̳˱Ľ֮壬ΪҲ֮侳
λս󲻾ã˽֮塣
ͻƵ侳
ԣɶҲܸӦŮ״̬
Ȼȳ˽øࡣ
˵һ˵УһǣҲˡΪĳЩԭǣһǡ
ɶü΢
Щ֡
˫һ
ܿ죬֮ŶǸԺ⾭һѾǣ˽
ʲôˣ
Ѿ߷䣬ɫף΢΢Щµؿų
֪˭𣿡
ָָԹȥ꣬Ѿߡ
С㡣
Ѿæ˵
ܸ˵𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʡ
ԡС㣬ʵҲǸˡ
Ѿߵ˵
Ҳ˽⵽
ԭŮ˫С㣬СΪĳЩ£ɾʧտʼʱ˲ˡ
ͱĸף˫
ֱǰźһЩ
ɼˣԵޱȹƧһ
㣬˫
ӦþΪ
ɶ˵ͷ˵ڣƱܵǶġһǡǽһ𣬲Ըֿ
ϴ΢ָǼǰ£
⵽ʲôѾߡ
Ѿ߳Ƭ̣ŵġǰɡʱһû˫
˫һ
ʱ䣬ڵɶȼ֮
ҲΪɶһǣŮڣŮ
أŮǱܵزסɶһǡ
֪Ϊʲôžʧģ
Ѿߡ
Ҳ֪һЩ˫˵Ϊүᷢӵ¡үĽᷢȥûãСͱˡ
Ѿ˵֪ľЩ㣬ŹҰɡ
ȥ˫
ｫŮüͷһƣѾߴ·
ˣүɱҵġ
Ѿɫ䡣
ˣԼȥ
üһ֣סţ˲䱻俪
ˣ˿ˣͺүʹүڴ¡Եȥ
Ѿ˵꣬ŵ뿪ˡ

Ŀһɨ
ܿ죬̽鵽Ϊˡ
һӦþǸν˫ˡ
ﱧŮɶֱӽ˫Ĵſڡ
ʲôˣ
ſڵĸۿɶն£׷ɫ䡣
ǿóһһŮҲ侳ǿߣӦġ
С㡣
һϳ˳ﻳеŮ
ʲô£֣
ʱһϵ˳
֮ű򿪡
һϽ۵˴ͷ˳
󣬽һˣԼһˡ
ʲôˣ
Ϊ׵ˣﱧŵŮɫһ䣬Ӷ
ߣ
Ŀһ䡣
ɲǼ䣬һ֮߳ˣֱӱ˻ȥ
ſڵĸ˿
жǿǹ֮ûǡ
ǿ﷢һĻסˡ
ʲôЦ
˫˫ǿ侳صĴڣȻֱƷˣ˺񶯶û
һ̡
ǿųﱧŮλɵŮӣ߽˴
Ҷ
ʲôЦ˫ǿĺү˼ƷˣȥҲ
ʲôˣ
Ͻ۵ˣҲ˫ɫѿ
һΪºͣĵۻʣ
񣬾ѿ
㲻ùʲôˣֻҪ㣬Ůαɣ
˫һʵ
˫ûκκøС
еŮ֮³˫
ҵļ£θɣ
˫ɫһ
£ҽգҪܹļ£
Ŀһ㶣֮ٴۣХֱӽ˫˳ȥײԶϡ
ۣ
˫³һѪɫ԰ס
Сӣ侳ߣ侳ߣҲ˫
һɫѿ
ߣ
ͺһըס
ɲǼ䣬һֻоһɿµߣһ
³һѪ
ˡ
иֳּɵ
ʶˣ侳ߣȷǵ侳ߡ


513 Ե
˵
Ŀޱȣ˫ϡ
һ·ѰֻΪѰҵʧһһǣһǵϢȻܷ
ΨҵŮʧĸԴлɶһǿ뿪Ůꡣ
ңŮҲó
Ȼ˫ŮǾҪ𵽵ףҪȻΪҪ
ǵ侳ߣ˫ֺξ㣡
˫ҧɫһ
ڤ粻飡
Ц̧֮䣬֮ٴӳ˫
һֻδ֣ץס˫ݺݵغڵϡ
ۣ
˫ѪɫҰס
ף
ͱɵˣɫ䡣
ţ
˵ĻĿ⣬˵ϣ˫֮ӣ
Һ޹ϵ
˫ۿĿˣʱɫ䡣
ЦӣǹġܽӵĺãһŮҲ䵽˵ȵز
˫ɫס
ٸһᡭٲ˵ɣ
Ŀ⣬ɭȻޱȡ
ͬʱֱ֮
˫Ŀѡ
㵽ʲôˣΪҪҼ£
˫ɫޱȣʡ
ߣұ˵ˡеһǣŮ֮ڣΪǱʶԱգû㽫ӵһǿ֮С
Įؿ˫һۣҿǿȡһǣŮɢǿˣҲԸ˼޹֪꾫ʧԭ򣡡
һһ˵š
Ļ˫˶УЩ˼
ȴҲףԷƭԼ
ԶԷʵƼͿ˫ҷ
˫һĿ⸴ޱȡ
ףѾûѡ
ȻҲԸٵǼ¡
ܿ죬˫˵֪ȥ
ԭ˫ΪһС檣ʧɱԼķˡ
ҲŮĸס
һĻŮۿˡ
ף
֮ٿڰյˣɫ䣬оǲ˼ɫ
ĸףȻģ
һУӲ֪顣
ȥˡ
˫̾
ü
£ЩѰ졣
ܲܰŮĸ
ǰйϵȽϺõˣ
üʡ
ŮɶһǣԸſɶҪľŮһңһɶһҲԻع鱾
Сʱ򣬾͹ȽϺáֻǣôȥΪëȴӴ˹
˫
ҵĹ
üͷһƣʡ
ǡ
˫æͷ
һˡ
һɨ˫֮˫ϣǣ뿪˴
˫֮ӣｫ
ү
ɫѿȴҲ֪ﲻæ
ֻԶԶظȥ
ֻҵĵ侳ǿߣԶԸˡ
˫һ·ʹȥ
ɶӰ롣
Сӣȥģ˭
һѸޱȵӰԻʳڷӶ𣬵˳ߡ
ơ
Ҳ侳ظӦϢ
˵
ûйƽͣЯ˫ȫٷӣת۾͵Ļʹ֮ϡ
ҵĹʲôط
￴˫üͷ΢塣
ں
˫ҵ
ʲôط
︩Żʹü
һ
˫ָ
Ŀ⣬͸˫ָĹ
ŮЯ˫¡
ƣһңǣڤ粻飬ɱ
˫һ˵
Сӣɴֱȫɱ˵ˡ

˫͵ؿֻɫС
壿
ѵһֻ
һʱ䣬оЩͷƤ顣
찡˵ʲôˣ
Ӷ䡣
ôʹ
ʱ˷ǡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

һӰӶȥ
У侳
ʮ侳
ϣйһ㡭
˫ȻĿ£ֹӭ̤նʮˡ
˫Я֮ǰ
ֻüСƹԾ£ʮҵǿߣ׷ɫ䣬䡣
侳
˫Ȼ١
̧ͷһ۳иּɵ
ߵһֻ侳˵ʵȻֻǿ
пǴ˵еǿߣ

һȺｵ£ҲӲͷƤӭ
߿
ʱڳǣص˫һ
ү
Щϳ˫һʱ˻ȥĿ¶𾴡
˫ġ񡱣Ϊ֪ΣǶ˫ҲԺĵ𾴡
ڣ
˫ʡ
ʱ𽹬ű򿪡
һɫŮ߳˫壬𣿡
˫Ц˳һۡ
ʱŮҲҵĹ⵽˳ﻳеǸŮ
͢
æߵǰȥŮգг廳ˡ㣬üûˡ
廳һ󣬹Ŀ˳ϣǺˣ
ܿ죬ֿһʤѩŮӣϸ־ȡ
һǵһμŮӡ
ʵǧҲԶλŮӵǧ֮һ
ȥ˵ɡ
䣬

ʱںһ࣬𱣻侳ߣͬʱӶ
ס֣
˫ɫһ䣬ȵ
ֻǣˡ
䣡
̧֣ʵ侳߽׵ߣȫ˳ȥ
³ѪѪ䳤գõ塣
ǰһƬš
֮ǰЩҪ亹ֱ
Һ˫ʱҪȻǵ³ֻǿ߸ҡ
һȣȴûо塣
ߵλǿߵʵ
ҲͶʮǰȴ˲һ
°ɣλңܵȵǳ֡
һ˵侳˵
ǡ
˿
ҲЩȡ
ǳ˵侲һĻڹС
룬īʯ۹ҵǸ̫ǿˡ
󣬳ｫȥһһ˵
Ҫİ
Ŀ⸴ӣ˫Ŀ⣬Ҳ˼ֲͬ
Щ£ҲǸ֪
æҿ԰͢Ҷʱ飬Ҳϣָָܻܻһ£һΪãøʷΪ
˵ţЩ顣
ˣ鷳ˡ
ͷеŮ˴ϡ
һ֣͵Ůڣܿ죬Ůѹˡ
˿̣ŮȻ˳ȴû֮ǰһۿݡ
ͺȫʶһ
ﲢ⡣
ΪڸղŮԵʱǣͽɶһǳѹơ
ڵŮԼġ


514 Ƶֶ
͢
Ůˣһ
ŮŹЩʧ

ͻȻһԴ亹ֱ
ɶȳȥɡ
ɨ֪ŮΪˣһжΪɶŮеһǡ
һǣӦϢ
ɶ뿪Ϣ
£ֻǸ
˫վ棬ԳǾмӡ
ɶںǰԺʯǰ£صȴš
ܿ죬ͳˡ
Ҳû취ƺһ㶼ǲˡ
Ц
ܼܰǲˣ޴Ӱ
ɫһ
ˣСӣû
ʱһƹӹ˳ǰ
ƣҲסˡ

ɣ
ңٶԶȱ侳졣
ûС
üͷһ塣
ʲô£
ʡ
ｫȥһһ˵Ҳ֪Ӧô졣
£
һ㶡
ôа취ƵķӦ˫һʡ
Ȼѵˣǿߡҵ꣬䲻ȫʢʱڣȴһţȫԽɶһǷ
ƺߺߵһ⡣
Ŀһ
ôû뵽ء
侳ǿ߾㱻ɱҲɢ
ƵŮ֮꣬ǿȻԽɶһǷ
һţǼ⡣
Ц
Ҳû뵽
ɶȻͳһҡ
С¶ѣȥ㶨
һٴʧ١
һ㵣ֱɶƣŷӦ˹
Զ˫壬ǵʲôˣ
˫һɬΣҲ֪ղֻСƹһֻ

һ㶡
˵ȴǲ˵
ǿ侳ǿߵޡ
˫͵
侳ǿߣ
ˣǿ侳ǿߵĴڣ
ڣҲ֪ʹļλˡ֮ǰֻѹ𹩷ǡ
˫ֵ
ԣʱЩľˡ

ɶվһ࣬Ů궯
ߣ
ϴߺһ
ܿ죬ſڴϣ˯ȥˡ
ɶȴؿƵüģͻȻһ⣬ֱӶ
Ƶꡭ
Ƶֱ꣬Ůüġ
ţųң֪ߵغ񣡡
ɲǼ䣬ԿƵͻȻһǣ˲Ůüġ
ƣ˵

ô꣬ҲӰ첻ҡɶ׼ˡ
Ƶƾմ
ɶһ΢Щ
ʣµһһǣֻһǻع飬ȴҲܶ顣
ͣͣ
ͻȻһŹֵ
漴ͿԿһƵ⣬Ӷ
죡СŮޣȻġ
Ƶ
ɶһ޷Զ˫һܿ죬һƵ⣬ǲʲôõɶüģΪɶһ֡
ɲǼ䣬ɶһ˫һգֱӵ¡
Һó׼ɶס
ףɶںһǣҲҪһʱ䡣
ϴκͱһںһ㡣
ˣ
Ƶ꣬ܿҲ뿪Ůüģ˱塣
Сƹ˹ؿСӣ·ϵʱʲô£㻹˵ҪֱӸ˵ʹ
Ц
ˡ
ͻȻʲôƣԺ깵ͨ𣿡
Ƶͷǿԣȴǳ˱塭״̬ȥ꣬ɣ
ü㿴ܷ
԰ɡ
Ƶ꣬ٴŮüġ
ʱ
Ƶٴλص˱壬ҡͷУҸûͨСӣ״̬ʡǿҲûá
Ц̾˿
ˣҲԣˣҲҾˡ
΢ЩȻ

СƹĿ⣬˳ﻳлڹȥɶϡ
ô
ɻ
ɶһΪһ󣬿ɶҲáϾҳ˵⣬ѾΪɶͬϾһ֮á
ֵ
Ҳֻˡɶˣ
ͷɶ뿪˷䡣
ô
⣬һڴ
ҵ°ˣЩѰ졣ʱ䣬һһΣʱǷֻܰˡ
ҡҡͷֱ̤ն
ƽ
˫ʼգûٶ࿴һۡ
ƣҵЩ侳侳أ
뿪ʹ֮ǰɻʵ
㿴Ǳߡ
ͻȻƫͷҷ֮С
Զһ͸֣֮С
棬ɫĻ棬ɫ׵޾ľκˣ
Щ滹ʮˡ
㡭ôˣ
ҲϳˣЩĹ
ûʲô֮һЩƷԪʯһǧƶѡɣ
ƺٺһЦ
棿
濴ȷʵͦġ
ֻǣ˵һĥ
ԿʮУǼ侳ˣ˶бļˡ
ƣǰɡ
ﵭ˵
á
ƵͷͺһµԶǧϡ
ʱ粣飬֣˲ը
һУȻ޴档
ֻʣʮ߸ˣֵؿơ
´μߣǵ·ߣ
ۣؿʮˡ
˵꣬Ʊϳ뿪˻ʹ
ֻʣʮˣңңؿԶȥиֳ¡
ղŵһӶԸһΡ
ﱧɶصջ
Сɶôˣ
һʵ
ɡ˾硢ݶҲΧ
¡
Ц
£
˶סˣɶԹȥˣ⻹Ǻ£
磬ȰɶͻطϢǽ첻顭õ֮ƾƣ
Цţֱӻ˷
ƣô£
˽Ŀڸųϡ
üɷ裬ɶǱߵĹ͡
ʲôͣ
缸˸ˡ
ʱҲӷˣ磬ɶһһǣѾҵһˡڣɶںһǡ
Ļ缸Ŀ
θһСĿʲô
磬ϲ
ٺһЦ
磬һܿҵɩʣµһġ
ݶҲ
ȷʵϲ£Ҿ㲻飡
˾һЦҲΪеˡ
ТȻ㵽ס
һϣҲ֪Լ˶پơ
ƺ󣬻˷
ڴϾ˯ɶϸֳЦݡ
һ̣оԼǶôƽ
ӣˡ
Ȼ֪һжټ䣬룬ܿ϶һйļ䡣
͹ˡ
ҵʣµһ꣬ɶĻˣػˣ


515 ħ
ºɶ
ɶ
һ
硣
ɶ¶Цݣ־ͽס
㡭ˣ
ﷴֱסɶ΢˵
šһУһļ䡭ֻǣ˵ǵĹȥǴɹǰжˡûи׺ĸ׵ļ䡣
ɶеĸ׺ĸףȻǳᡣ
û£ʣµһһǣһǼȻҵˣһҵ
Цǿÿ
ôõѰջȸԾ
磬ҵļʣµһ꣬һΪġŮСǡ¸ˡ
ɶ˼һ˵
Ŀһ
û뵽ɶǵһȥ
һһоͶˡ
Ҫ֪ģ¸ڡ
˳ˡ
ɶóҲһϲ
磬ɶǵãʣµһ꣬һΪĵŮϣǸû¸ˡ
Գ˵
ߣȥ
ֱӻȥˡ
Ƭ̣ͻˡ
ϴЦݣСʹˣ¸ĸԶ
ǳ
Ȳ
ɶ̺һǺ󣬶Գľ
־֮ǰɶûеġ
·ֻص˹ȥص˸պɶദǶʱ䡣
ҲǶʱ䣬ڲ֪ϲɶ
ҲԷ롣
¸
ڳļ磬Ԫ֮¡
ôС
һأ¸Ļʳš
ź󣬳缸˵һɶһ𣬴ƣ뿪˻ʳǡ
Ȼȷɶʣµһ¸Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
侳ȫٶУת۾˰¸
ÿһ̵ĵطһͽ£ɶӦһ
һУһСС壬ֻҪ˵ĵطûд
ʮ֮
һĳɶӦʣһϢ
ɶƵڣһΪҡĸۡǰ
ңġ
¶Цݡ
վס
һǰҸۡſڵļҽ¡
һ˽ģ
üͷһƣʡ
ĻҴſڵļҽɫ䣬㡭ʶǴС㣿
С㣿
һ㶣ͷǵѣǰʶ
ҽûлɣΪǰСȷʵȥ
ң󣬴Сȫˡ
һû츳ˣţֻҵͬˣֱ׷е׳ꡣ
û֪ʲô仯
λֵܣǴС㡭Ҵȥɡ
ҽһۺһ˿˳һۣ̾˿
ţ
üͷһ壬΢
ϣû⡭

ڼҽĴ£ɶҵļһԼĪġʮˡ
ѵõǣһ侳ߡ
侳Ϊ¸ǶһĴˡ
ȻЩǳﰴԼġ
ʣλǣ
ҼɶĿһһδ֮ˡ
˱Ȼ򵥡
λԳǴСѡ
ʶҼ
Сѣ
Ҽ΢漴֣ȥɡ
ǡ
ȥ
ʱҼ΢΢֣λ¡Ǩ˲˵ǺˣкĿģ֪ǾСŮѡ
ҽгҵӡҴ޶⣬ҪǧϣȡӵĶ
ֱ˵
ǨŮѵȡǵĶ
Ǩ΢ŭ侳ߵϢͼѹȳˡ
ܿͷֻ֣һ˫ͯŮһ򸾣ߵֻɫС侳ϢѹȣҲûκηӦ
ʱΪԼǲԴˡ
ٴƵʱ򡭡
𣡡
ƵͺһǨĶĤ
Ǩһ𣬺һ
ֵؿСƹ
ء
ôҲ侳һߣֻ侳һء
ǾżҲûкһ
ŮûȡǵĶǣӵĶȷʵŮϣһƲġꡯ
ƽؿǨȥһһ˵
еһꣿ
ǨĿһǵһ˵ôӡ
ܿ죬뵽ʲôɫһ䣬ߵɶһ꣬Ƿǰʧ
ɶͷ
ǨɫɷףȻȻ뵽ġҵŮ޷ɾΪǰȥһľȻԼͨˣֻˣ츳˳Ծڿܾܿһڰ
˵Ǩɶ
ţô£
ü
ܿ죬Ǩ˵£Ҳ֪ȥ
ԭǨŮģǸ֮ˡǰͱˣЩĬԣͬʱͨԼľչֳ˶𾪵츳
ﵹҲ֪һЩ޷ǾǾ
ɶһ۵⾳֮׾پܴͨ
ģ
΢ʵ
ǨЦǰħڡ˴ˡħڵˣÿʱ䣬ĴѰ츳ǿˣ˵ҪЩˣΪƷ׼ħ֮񡣡
꣬ҵŮ츳ߣûбѡϡԭΪҲû⣬˭뵽ħڵˣһ۾ͿҵŮˡ
˵ǨɫҰףҺڰһ֪͸ȥġ
ħڣһССĸţҲȡ
Щм
ˣǿɲ¸һš˵ħڵʵɲµλ
ǨһЦֵңħǿƣ˵侳߶в١
ʲô
һ
ǸеСţ
֪ħڵڣ
ɫʡ
ǰ
ΪƷ
¸ϣɽ֮Сƽʱû˸κ룬ȥ޻ء
˵˵ţǨѵ
ಣಣಣ
ֻǣܿͷ֣˲䡣
˺ֻСƹͷӶȥˡ
侳һֻ
Ǩͫһ
ʩչ͸ٶȵǿߣȻǵ侳ɡ
侳
롣
һ뿪Һһ·ϣٶȿ쵽¡
Ƭ֮Ǿ͵˴ɽ֮С
ɽ֮ϣвѲӵˡ
²⣬Ӧħڵˡ
ֻǣǵٶȣЩ˸ֲˡ
磬ҸӦˡ
ɶĴ˳С
ɶ·
˿ɶܸӦһ꣬˵һá
ûн׼


516 ħ
ɶĴ£һɽС
ɽһˣ侳һ߿ڡ
ߣ
ͺһն䡣
ѾԲµǸı档
ʲôˣ
侳߿ɫ䣬ϵ֮ӿ
䣡
ֻϧǵٶȣԶûг졣
һ䣬͵֮ϯ侳˲ͱ˳ȥֱӻ˹ȥ
Ҳǳûɱ֡
ҪȻЩ˱ɣ
ߣ
ǣɶ֣ƣ˶ߡ
ܿ죬˶ߵľͷ
ߵľͷһڰյĶڡ
վڶڣ¿
Կһļ̳ڼ̳ģżΪӵ·ĳ֡
Щ·ģһ
һͨ˸Ľ
⡭
ͫһ
찡ʲô
⽣

ɶ̲סͺ

ԣ˫۷Ź⡣
һĿڼ̳ΧʮϣʮˣŸꡢŮֻһ΢Щ
һʮͷŮӡ
磬
ڳ²ʱɶ˵
ͷ
񣬼̳ΧжʮͳһεˣʮУ侳ˣϡˡ
ǵķϣߡ
Ķʮˣֻͭߡ
񣬼̳һˣһķΣȴŽߣ˵ݡ
ˣܾħڵ䡣
ﲻȥ̽ǵΪ
ΪһƱػᾪǡ
ңһ
ԼȻ֪Ŀ¡
ƣǶʲôΪ
ơ
Ƶ꣬侳꣬ᱻ侳
ܿ죬ƾͲ̽ˡ
Сӡ
ƵЩء
ô
ʡ
ˣ侳һءһ侳أһ侳ءĵֻǵ侳ߡڼ̳ϵˣʵǿһ侳ߡ
ƿЦ
ʲô
ɫһ䡣
侳ء
ƽʱƾ׾پӦ
ڣԷҲ
Ǳޱȷϣһ
ңʶڱлҪǿ
ӦǺ컯һġ
õ컯̺󣬸տʼﻹûʲôȴǷв컯̡
ȻڵʵУ컯̣ȫӳ
ԣо߲಻
ףԼʵͻʶߵĲࡣ
Сӣֻܳ䲻⣬ܴǼ
˵
֪ǵõȻᡣ
˿ֱӵ
ɶš
̧֣зɶС
ƣһҷһʱȥǣɶһꡭҶԸǸˡ
ɶ㸺ʣµ侳һȺ侳ǳֱ֣ӽɱ֮ɱ׾١
ﴫƺɶ
һһɵͷ

ܿ죬￴
˶ˣһ̧֣֮졣
ڵʮˣüһꡣ
ĵüڣһɫꡭ
ɫУһư͸ꡣ
Եôޱȣ
˫ꣿ
һĻ΢Щȡ
ܿ죬ʮ̳꣬ȥȫע
ڣ
Ŀһ˲䶯ˡ
ɶƣҲͬʱˡ
ಣ
Ӷ£ֱǼ̳ϵ
вĲˣ
˵УǶ֡
һԺ컯̱Ҫģ⻹һ
Ϊ
۹Ҳֻе֮⡣
컯̣˵ˣһǹ
ȻȻڹ컯ʩչǲС
ʲôˣ
ۿͻȻ˳֣ɫ䣬һҡ
һ̣ͿһӰ˼̳֮ϡ
ֻˣԷ̧־̳ϵĽȥ
ֱӰ

˵ľȣżֲ
һȣ޾Ŀ־塣
ಣ
һ̣Լݵһ꣬˻һ⣬ֱǸڣֱӴ˳ȥ
ͬʱһȣըװڳ
ħػħ֮ء꣬գȻȥħеһкħڵʹʹ˽ᣡΪ֮
ⷬ뿪ǰġ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ֻˣʣµ˺Ͷʮҵ侳ߣҲ׷ɫ䣬롣
һʱ䣬ļֻ̳ʣ³ɶƺûʮˡ
ħ֮أ
ǿĿ⣬˼̳ķλ
˿̣ϡԿ
ԸղĵطΪģΧʼϸ΢ѷ죬Щѷ죬һֱɢ̳ıԵֹͣɢ
Сӣˡ
Ƶ
ǵ꣬ǰɡ
̳ܵΧʮ˻
ƵͷֱӽЩ˵껹˻ȥ
ݣ
ɶһ꣬Ѱɶüġ
ɶٴ˳˯
ӹɶкһָ
ߣ
к֮ǣŻԵʮ뿪ƣһ뿪ߡ
ס
󣬳ͷ֣汻ļˣҲӰ١
ֻˣ֡
ħڣפأһӰ
Ҫ֪֮ǰʱħڣ˵Ҳˡ
ȫͺƾʧһ㡣
ƣ֪ʲôħ𣿡
Ʒе·ϣʵ
ħ
˭֪Ļʱɫ䣬ġǡ
뵽ղǸŹֵļ̳Ƶ嶼΢΢
ǸղǸΪ׵˴ҵġ˵ħػħ֮أħһȥӦǺҰγǱйء
˵
ɵˣ̶ɫ䣬ħ֮ءǾȻħ֮ءСӣ㴳ˣˣ
ʲô
üͷһ壬ΪǷ΢ЩģһӰ
һ˫ЩƮҲǵһܸϿġһƵı£Ϊܸ١ܸ٣Ӧһλ˲Ĵģᵽħ
ħݴ˵ԶʱڣӡȺħơѾƵķ롣ţԶʱڣħսսʤȺħȺħɢǬ½ħÿһħӡȺħ
ƿЦڣֻϣƿħӡġħħ
ħʲô˼
һ
ħӦ֮ϵĴڡ
ֵ
ʲô
ɫ䡣
ڿ⡣
ΪħڵһȺˣͻȻ뿪
ԭΪ˶ħȺħ
ƣҪϽ뿪˵أ
ɫʶԼĴ


517 ٽ
˻ȥŸꡢŮһ𽻸ǨǨʱǸԻȥ
ﱧɶŲ컯̣һ¸ʳǵڡ
վߡ
ӣҺ˹ˣĶ£պȥĸס
Ǩϸµݡ
¸ʳǡ
Сɶʣһҵˣ
ﱧŻԵɶʡ
ȥƹһ䷿Ϣ

磬ˣ뿪
סɣһء
ô
һ
·˵
кһȷڿе컯ϡ
缸˻ǵһμ컯̣Щ档
ܿ죬컯ڳĲٿ£ʼ٣뿪¸
¸ʱһֺһС
ʱ򣬾ﶼ̲ס롣
ѵɶ꣬Ǳʶ¸䵱
׳ʲôˣ
˾ʡ
벻֮ͨУʲôóˡ
ɲµķᵬվڻ۷Ĵڡ
ᵬ壬ܼɵʲôأ
ƣ˵˵
˫һȻ
Ƶ˵ͷȥԵ˵һ顭
侳ǿĻ侳أħڡħ
˶ˡ
£˷˼
ô죿
˾üʶĽǱѰ
Ȼһȥѡ
һ
£ɶλصѡ
Ҳֻˡ
Тɫء
ǳݶ֪ʲôħ˵ħ𣿡
ħ
Ц
ô򵥾ͺˡ
ħ
Ĵڡ

ϣħ֡
һ̣컯һչֳΪµٶȡ
Χľɫȫˡ
ܿ죡
һĻѳ缸˶ŵˡ
ʲô
˾ʡ

˵
֮ǰᵽ컯̣
ڳľ֮ǰҲ˵ˡ
ǡ
ͷ
һӺ
ˡ
ٿ컯̼٣¡
ˣ
˶Щ¡
ֻǣ컯̴ն£ؿʳǵ
⡭
Ƕˡ
һӡ
ңԶ涵۹򣬻صīʯ۹
м䣬ǻһ۹

ˣڻʹ֮ڡ
ĸ˵һɶƶûŲ컯ֱ뿪
ôˣ
֪ɶʣµһһѾ룬Ҳϲ
ȻⱾ˸˵¡
ôֶӺһҲ˲ء
ĸףɶȥϢȥҴˡ˺͸ס
˵ţ뿪ˡ
һţʶԡ
Ƭ֮󣬳Ų컯̣ĴϿȡ
Ͽȵһ嵹ǶϤûб
ѣ
ûȵ
ţ
ӰΣҵˣ
ͷţҵˡ
ԣ˿
ѣм¡
ɫôÿ
ʲô£
ʶＴ˵²򵥡
ӳѿɫܿ
ѡ
һ̧֣ħ֮ذµ
⽣
⽣ɫһ䣬̧ͷȥħ֮أ
û뵽ʲôˡ
תһ룬Ȼˡ
ǿߣ涵۹ħ֮ص£᲻֪
ħڶ֪
ͷȥһһʮ˵˳
ĬƬ̡
ſڣǬ½ֲðˡ
ѣа취𣿡
Ц£˵һִµġ
ûˣħѾγħѻ٣⼸գڻ֮µġħǵǣʱ򣬽ħƿء
ҡҡͷ
ѣҪ뿪𣿡
ʡ
ʱáҸһˣߵֻӦþǵ߰ɣ

һû뵽֪
ߣֻԶսģңʳǲôӴƣ벻˭Ȿ¡
ﾪȣ˵
ܿ죬Ų컯̣ʳǶȥ
ʵ̫ٶȣûзӳ֮һ
üͷ΢һ̧֣ǣų컯ֱ̣ʧԭء
ת˲
ǾѾĻʹ
ٵʱ
ᡢͥˣҲ֪ȥһɫء
ۿ٣Ҳµ˶Էݡ
ǰ
ἸˣԼСڣ
˰֡
üͷһơ
ɲǼ䣬Զһͺ
漴ͿԿƱһ֮ǣŹ
Ʊŭ󣬶ʱˣǰǰ£
Щ졣
˵
ʲô£ǰ˵
һһ岻ݴǵı顣
ҸһЩϣ㸺ü֮ǰвõһơдƣܱڽĴУһ֮
䣬һ̧֣һöָ
漴ơ
ǰ˼ǣȺħֻǣơֻءбǺ飬ҲͶ֮áϣѾ㲻
Щɡ
ߣǡ
ɨһۡ
ֿҽĲϣֻһƣɱʳڴ֮ǰú׼׼һȺħ٣СȻܵǿħмڻǬ½ħȴͬ
ħͣ
һ㶡
ԶʱڣܳΪħ͵ģҲ侳ǿģ侳ʾ۾
˵
ȥɶ
˵꣬λɢֱ뿪
ʡۣ
ɵˡ
۶ֻħͣ
Ƭ֮˳ĶУúչɶ£ҡöһһʱ֡
ѣ㲻𣿡
̲סʡ
Ҫػһ塣
ƽȴӹɵ
ಣ
ʱһö˸űɫ⻪ԶӶ˳
ޱȣƷ
ˡ
￴أһʱ䣬ڻһЩԵĺȵġУ𣬷ǣ׼׼
һ뿪ȥ졣
ƣȥơ
ֿƵ
Ƶͷָȥ
ȥһݳǣ˺ҵ˽
ֿݶο
ŮͱŵˣĻ˿
ಣ
ٿ컯ֱ̣ȥݳǡ

ҵۣȥһһ˵
Ȼų
ܿ죬ټг˺ͻ
ȥ˽


518 ̳߳ǿ
Щ˺ͻȻ֪ʲô£Ҳү޵ķʸ
ҺǵļҶݳǸԶģһҲͰ졣
ţ۽гټ
ʲô£
һȺϣ¶ɻ
ܿ죬ǾͷֳҲڣ־ϲ
ǵĵλǱѰǳｫĶҴ˳ĸ
ۼ֤˳ҵ
ԸеԺ
ԣҪ͵¡
һ仰ʲôˡ
λϣȵ˻ʳ˵
ڳĻЩûһɣ׷׵ͷ
Ҳɸп
ڳЩǰҪߡ
ʱ䡣
ȥһҡ
ϡ
ţ˾ȻԸų
ˣǰɡǵ
ȻΣȴҲû취
ͷ
ݳǻȥҪȥӲˡ
ʱʳǻδعط
ȥˣȻǿȡ
ܿ죬ͽҵһ˴
ڳ̣ҵҲȲѣʶǿ
ǿ
˶͵ʹɿʼæһˡ
硣
￴ɡ
Ҫȥӳ¸պĺɰɣ
Ц
š
ͷ
ȻޣȴҲᾡܰԼѡ
гָ·ܿͼ˳¸ա
ٴο¸գһ֮󣬳Щȣ¸ʦ֣㡭Ȼ侳ˣ
¸պٺһЦҲԶ㡭
ｫȥһһ˵
¸ɫ
ԼĽ׶żһ𣬺ͳһ뿪
ţȥĺɡ
ĺɻӣû̫仯
ĺɿ״סˣβŻعֻΪԼΡ
ѾǵëͷСӣȻóĺɶԼ⡣
һ̾ｫһ˵
¸պĺԼǵļ˴ʳǺ󣬳üͷһ塣
Щˡ
ôˡ
ʳôط
ｫԼĹһ˵Цģǻڻʳõĸۡ
ͷ
գæµ
ŵˣӵ˻ʳǡ
īʯ۹ڵˡ
ʮֻʮһˡ
ˣ졭
ţɽ
ﾡܣԼʶ˽ӵʳǡ
ЩʱҲʳǵˡ
ǸǰĲϣ̫̬ˡҸҿ϶ʽʳǣҲʮ
ܵ
ʲô
Ȼ׼ԭΪµơֻءҲǽɱ侳
ȴû뵽ʾǿ߶ɱ
Сӣڱ㽫ƿȨ㡣
ҪƵƿȨ
Űɡ
ҡͷ
΢ȻûʲôЩж
Ͼ֮ǿѾ˺ŵĵز
ֻҪһͷ
ƾ֣Ҳֱӱƺɱ
Σѿ
ˣȥ´˺Ͷ˽˶ŵôˡ
ֱʹȥ
ӹˣûڻʹڻʳǸš
ɨ˶úã˿
׼ˡ
һЩĬȻ
ʱ
硣
һӯó׻ԭأ񱻵Ѩһ㡣
Σת
ǵŮӣ续֮ˣһʤѩŮ·
ŮӹĿ⣬˾ϲá
ɶ
𣬽ŮӺݺݵӵ˻
ڿŮĿһɲǣ֪ɶˡ
ǸԹ޻ĬĬΪɶ
ǸΪ˾һǵɶ
ˣ
鼤þƽ
磬ɶҲҪ뿪ˡ
ŮҲӵסӵýģһҲԸֿ
ȴûз֡
֮·һۡ
񣬸֮ۡУһһŮվ
Ůһ˫ɾ°Ů̾һ
ĺɣ÷ˡ
һԵӣȰ
¸գİɣû¡
ŮӵͷĬȻһ˷
¸ҡҡͷ
£˭벻
涵۹£
ġ¸Ǽ֮صĴɽ֮ϣߵƣɲǼ䱻һƬ֡
ɽ񣬿һĻ׷״󾪡
Ҫˣ·
ЩɽæҸϡ
ֻǣЩ
ԭħ֮أһеļ̳ϡ
ѷ죬ͱ鲼̳񣬰ѷţ̳ը
䣡
һ죬һںɫϢµĺˣ
ĬһˡǸطղգڳˡ
ﵽ˲Ц
ϱֻˣ
˳֮ɽ˴ɽ巽Բ
ͻȻĿһ
ƣ
һŹֵߣݶ
ɲǼ䣬ǰգ˲䱻˺ѿ
һѷ죬˲֡
һ̣˷룬ֱӳѷĿռ䡣
ѷ֮Ĵ壬η塣
˫΢΢ƺڵһС
֪˶á
ѷպϣ˫
ˣ
һ̧֡
˲䣬ѷٴγ֣һſص˴ɽ֮ϡ

ʱһ̧֣жһӲɣĺӡ

ͺһ
ɲǼ䣬ӸǱ򿪡
ͬʱʮӰƾճ˵ǰ
ˣ
ʮӰһ˫ֵΪף
ҡТǡڣһɣӽǲҵħ͡
һ̧֣ʮѪʮüС
ѪȥӽǺΪ֮
˵˵
ˣʲô𣿡
ֵ£ʮɫ䣬ֵ̿
ûдֻǣϾҪ뿪Ǭ½ˡҿԸоҵǼͷѾǬ½ˡԺǻлټ
ƽ
䣬һ
һΪӰ١
ˣ
ʮɫȻ
ȻȥӽҲڸֵܶˡ
ֵеһˣʣ֮ˡ
ТߡˣǸյĹطţҶҪˣҪúܣƺһСȥСĹ
ɲǼ䣬ҺТʧԭء
ƾʧһ㡣
ʣµĽʮˣҲȥ
¸ʳǡ
һʮˣٻʹ
ʲôˣ
ʱһȺ侳ߣԻʹ̤֮ն
侳
Ϊ׵ϼֵܶˣ̲סЦˡ
ʲôˣҴ¹ң
Ⱥ侳Уǿ侳ߣһˣʵ
ˣ
Ͷ䣬üһȣȻ쳹ʳǡ
ʳǣһɲǣ·𶼵ضɽҡ
һѷ죬ƾճ¹һȺ侳ߵϿա
ɱǣҵ֡úܰɣ΢ϣ
һ̧
ʱЩ¹侳ߣѷ֮󣬻Ĺ»Ұ


519 ͨ
ħ֮ء
¡¡
һ촫һӰзӶϱƵһĻ
ÿһħѡ뿪
ʣµĻָɵħͣĴ


¸ʳǣʹϿգһӰ١
ЩӰһ֮¡
ͬʱڻʹеݻڣƼȣ§ŵۻܵʮˣĿһƣֱ뿪˹֮ϡ
ңТõ硣
һͷɢˣնʮһۣΪ׵ֵ˵
ߣӰһҲˡ
ҺТԴˣЩɵ
ȻռǱȥ𴦡ڡ
Ӱ£ҷ˵
һȺ뿪ˡ
ȥúܣٹһʱ䣬Ҵ뿪Ǭ½ȥߣôȥһ˾ȻôôҲǵǬ½ġϻġ
ü
磬ôȥ˷ˡ
Тҡͷ
ֿʣµĽʮˣǼڷռ䣬Ǭ½Ҳֻ˵գұǣطֻǬ½һǣǬ½ĹССķռܱȣ棬иܣ
ТĻЩ˫۷Ź⡣
Ǭ½ħͣܵڻģȻ۾ǿߡ
Щˣȴֻʾ
Ҳ˵ڷռģǵĹ硣
Ǭ½Ƕԣİޱȡ
ǾϲطƼȣŮ檡
ڷռ䣬ɱ
ܻȻʾеٮٮߡ
ʳǡ
һж׼Ҳɶƽ
ֻǣƽܿͱˡ
ʳϿա
ߵӰӶΪ֮ˣһˣ˳ªˣҲòȥ
ߣڱҵһĹңȻֻһ
˰üһ
һȺˣʵǿʾء
ȻʵһĹҡ
īʯ۹
Ǹյ۶ͱһȺǿĴں˳
ͬΪͬħħͣʵҲָ¡
ΪһεǬ½ˣһ·ϣ˵Ҳ̽ĵϸ
˵Ĵ£һն¡
ܿ죬ַ֣ûˡӭӡǡ
Ǹ£ʳĽҲǻʹʱ
ǿԶӰ̤նת۾͵ǵǰ
һŷһһ
СӣϹˡ
Ц
ãǼ󡣡
˵ͷĿԶϣǺˣ
ΰġ˹࣬³ΪǰƼȺŮ㲻ǿΪ͡
þӸµ
侳ߣһָѹ
Ҳһᣬ³㲻
ҲЦˡ
ҶԽ˹
˵һ侳̤նƺƵ
Ȼʱ
䣡
һɫĴâƾճֵһ㣬ֱ侳ߡ
꣡
â͸侳ߵüģ˴ֱӴݻ١
룡

һ̣һѷ죬Ǹɱ侳߶˽ȥ
ôܣ
˺ʣµɫ䣬ǰһġ
˵ɨΧʲôˣ
ЦһȺУƶûмʶȻƴԣħͲóһ
һɫâ֣
âֱӶ
ڣħӦĻᶼûУ
ˬ
³һϸһĨɫСӣĲҪƿȨ̸ЦɱʾǿߣɲǳеĻᡣ
һۡ
ƴ㽫ȥ˵Ҳѷ֮ʱ
ƣȵȣ
ͻȻɫ΢
ô
Ʋٿ˵ʬ壬һ
һ
ͬʱͷ֮ϣһӰ֣ľͨ
ͨͿȴûκζĵ㣬˶
ֻ֮ϣһƻɵһ֣óоϢϢ
ɫһ䡣
ɲǼ䣬ɵʬ档
Կʬ֮Уһں֮һǿ˻ɵУΪ˻ɵһ֡
ţʬ廯˸ʬ
ɵҲص˾ͨ㡣
üһ̧֣߸ʬѷ֮
ѷպϣʲô¶ûзһ
Сӡ
ƿ
˿̣ͼȥ˽ͨ㣬Ŀ£ϣããºֶͣ£Ƶϡ
ɲǼ䡣
ǡ
ƶһۣܴӶԷп
ããԪֱۣȾͨԭʼԪҪŨ
ֻˣƺ
壡

ʷ
Щʷƺ֡
ӦڸղŵС
̬
һؿųð֡
ű̬
ѹ¼飬ｫͨ
֪˾ͨ
Ӷᣡ
Ӷ˵͸
ֻǣΪֻӶЩħ֮µħأ
һ㣬벻͸
Ȼ벻͸Ҳû롣
ղյԣǾϲ
ֻƿƾΪļˣһƾΪ
˵Ϊһֱǳĵġ
ΨΪߣܻóá
ɲϣһգǿʱ򣬼һȥ
ָоֻ͸оϢһܡ
ƣЩħͽ٣һʱ֪ͨҡ
ԵͷĳЩȲ
ã
ƵͷҲϵԺȻᵡ
ƿʼɱʳǵħ͡
һȺȺħͣǰͺ̶ȫ
ҵǣЩħУû۾Ĵڣƶһܽɱ

һȺħˡ
ʼʩƺɱԾͨȡǵ
һһϣĵز
磡
ʱڻʹ֮ϣһ˸һĻɫѿޱȡ
ôҲû뵽뿪Ƭյ磬İǬ½ԭΪһõĿʼ
˭֪ĴһȺͬȫˡ
˵ֻǬ½ƫƧһǣûʲôǿ𣿡
˵ɫѿ
Ĵ磬ôҲʾصĴڣȻ
һȺ侳Ĵڣһ⡣
ţ
ǲʲô̧ͷ
ɲǼ䣬ͿһӰһȥ
©֮㣡
ɫһ䡣
һ侳ء
ɫص
侳ءϣǴ鷳
ü
Ӧòᣬ۾ĴڣӦÿ
˵
ϣɡ
˿ü¶ֵġ


520 Ű
ħ֮صĿĲֻǻ
˻۹Լħ֮⣬ңԶǵ¸һӡ
ǵµߵΪħƿء
ЩħͣһЩĶ侳侳
ǿĸʾ۾
Ҫҡ
һǱӰͷɢҡǷ
˭ܿǱӰҡĵ޺ۡ
޺ʵǿʾħ£޻֮
ԸΪħ͵ūͣ˳
ֻǣҲ֪úȥδӡ
ЩСӦ΢һЩ
޺ţһ·϶ȥ
޺Ҳȷʵ¶ˡ
ħеǿߣ۾ʾĴڣһһСһʱ󣬶ѡ뿪
ΪħͣħһѪ
һȺ϶ȷʵȤ
ʢ֮һȺħͲʱ
Щħ͵Ŀ֮£ǿʼطħ֮أһʱ䣬ԽԽħŰʢ֮
һЩǿħͣϻһ߶ȥ
ɽ
Դӵó֮󣬻ʾһֱûйʲôɫյĵӡ
գͻȻ䣬ɽ֮ϣһɹɿµϢ
ɫ䡣
ЩϢһЩҪĴڡ
룬ʲô
иʡ
ɲǼ䣬𵴣ǰͻȻһˣһЦ
ʲôˣ
ɫ䡣
ӽ쿪ʼҾˡ
˵

ŭˣôҲɽΧϰ˸߸ϣȻ˵Ҫˡ
ž
˭ֻ֪һ̧֣ͽķ˳ȥ
ʱоԼڵһɼΪµסˡ
ֶΡ
䡭ۣۡ
ʵɫȫˡ
֪ҵĲ˰ɣ
Ц
һæͷǣǡ
ƽʱô߸ϣǰҲüβˡ
ʦ𣬶ʦ˵ɱˣ
׺ܿҲˡ
ǵĿ⣬˶˵ϣŭѡ
ķҲûáˣ츳պҵĵӰɡûʸǵʦ𡣡
˵˵
ɫǺ죬ŭԡ

ɫһ䣬i̤𵴡
񡢳桢С
˿³֣һһ䡣
ÿһֵĻ£ɫɷףĸ£һѪ
죬𷴿ˡλۡ
һ
ۣ
ɵˣ̲סͺ
ԱߵҲסˣۡ
ԣʦǿޱȣ󼰡
ڣʻҪǿ۾ͳǰҲ̲ס
ǲǽҵĻǶ߷磿ղŽʲô
һɨʣĮʵ
ˡ
ʺ

̧֣µŰһѷըڻʵͷ˵㣬û
ɫǺ죬ֻҲˣ˾ͽˡ
ڣӶڡ
ôˣ
ɫһϵҪ¡
ˣ
ڽг
׶һۣܴӶԷп
ˣһӡϲŭ޳Σա
ʱʴˡ
ʦ𣡡
ɫһ䡣
ȥɡ
Ϊδ
պ˸ᣬԶԶɽ
ʦܣ뿪ɽǸúȥδӣ
ɫѿ
ʦ֣ȥʢɡ
ʵҲ֪ʶתͷ
ߣ
ȡʺֱϱ߶ȥ
ħŰǬ½ħ֮أһ
һʱ䣬սŰǬ½
Ǭ½ǿߣ񼸺Ҳˡ

ʳ֮⡣
һǱٻӰһˣӶ
ףסϾ͵ˡ룬϶а취ġ˵ˡ
һµŮӣæ
뵽ħٵĽѣľڲ
ǸΪһ˵ӣܻܲҲ˵
ŮӱʳǵĻʹ
û£ѾӰӶ𣬽Χס
ʳǣֻ
Щˣ侳侳һĴڡ
λ
Ůһ˵ѵģڻʹ
ѣ˭
ʡ

Ů˵

ԣ
ﱧǸˣǲ֪ѡ
һ׳˶꣬ǸȻ

ѾǼִϡ
ҵѣ
ۿЩ֡
ֽ
һʱϳˡ

ֽɱرס˳ȾҸףȾҸס
ɿ
ЦֽĻȣҡҡͷסΡ
һ
ܿ죬￴
緢ļħһ̯ڴϡ
̽һЩڵľȫϣҲˡ
ָܻҲһˡ
￴ֽ˵
û£ֻҪҸָܻС
ֽ
ģ¡
ﰲοͬʱ֮Ϊ޸֮
Ͼֻ֮֮֮Ȼֱӽѡ
ˣúչʱ䣬ڻʹɣйס¡
ֵһᰲһЩŮ㡣
лл
ֽм
û¡
̾˿û뵽ԼǰһȺ˵ʳѡȴΨֽ
СӣʹϿһȺ㣡
ʱߴһ
Ŀһֽ˵һӶֱն
ʹϿա
ƺƵʮӿն
ЩУ￴һЩӰ
ϴߵǸһ
ɫѿ
ܿ죬ʮ˾ն䡣
һĶСĺΪס
˼ǣֻɱʣ
ܿ죬ʮڳĶ棬˿һˡ
ˣϴε©֮㡣
ǣ
©֮æͷ
СӣϼһƺЩͬ
ɫһ
Ҳˡ
ﴫص
۾ǿ߰ɣ
Щɡ
ѻ죡
ɫһ

һɲǼ䣬ǿơֻءת
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ɫâɱ£ڶһȺ˷Ӧ֮ǰֱüġ
һ档
˺⣬֮ڣȫˡ
ɫâȴҲɫɷס
һôǿֶΣ
˿ƣһɵ
ۣ
һһﻹѻ졣
ҲЩôһ˵˵ˡ
һƺߺһܵ±ٷ֮һ㶯ʮ֮һ㡣

ƵĻɫһ䣬㡭񣿡
ô𣿡
һŭ
ʱ𵴣µϢ鲼ʹϿա
ƣԳƵƺ嫡


521 ֻʥ
һ֮ףȥ򣬶ɱڵ
Ƶͺһ
ĻƬʹգʼһѷ죬ǲ
ƺޱȣ
ɫ䣬̤ն𣬻һڹ⣬ûʡ
ҲУ
ﶼȡһˣ񿴵һĻҲɵˡ
ˡ
˿ղҲ֪ô۾ģȻô
Ϲèײ˰ɡ
һۡ
ͬʱͷ֮ϣ֣ͨղűƺɱ˵ȫɡ
ߣֻϷŪҡ
ʱһĮʡ
ˣٴ
ɫ䡣
ţ
ͻȻһ㶣˱ɵһȺ£Ȼֿľͨ¶һ˿̰ͨΪá

˵ĳ֣ϣǵһͻζ˵
ûˣաǱɣеˣȫҪ
·ھ֮£ġ
ɫһ䡣

˿ǰһһɿµ˲ơ
ɫ䣬æ߶ֻص
ȻֻصҲˡ
۾һصѡ
˲мЦ
䣡
µ˲Ƶϡ
ƣ
ɫ䡣ûκγɡ֣ɵͨΪһ壬Ӷ
ɱ侳֮κδڵĵ⣬ȴ⵲
ס
˵Ŀ⡣ɵֿͨϡ̰
û뵽յջô
͡
ȻۿƾҪɱѷ죬ƾճ֡
һƵߣ˽ȥ
һǳգŤת֮ƣγУ˵ߡ
ͬʱһӰڸ߿֮ϡ
һλֳֹȵĿƽ
ղŵһУ޹һ㡣
ѣ
￴Ŀ
ͣ
ʱ߲ԶҲһѷ졣
ƵӰֱӱһ֮ţ˳
Сӣô̼
Ƴһ仰ǶԳ˷֮顣
ҪҪȥȻջػס
һۣʱˣЦ
ǻˡ
һЦлǰ֮
㡭
˿¶һ˿ɵ
Ȼ
ˡ
йӳ
𵴣·Ҫ顭
ǣ
ɫ䣬Ȼעû˵һ仰
ΪѾĹȣޡ
ʣ
ͻȻѿմڡ
ǿ
ĿһĪ
Ҳסˡ
ȥɶ
һһһͷ塰֧顱ʧԭء
Сӣλǰ̫ţˡղǸϼһôҲǿߣȻֱɱ
ƵۣһȻ
ǰҲû뵽
ҲЩûзӦ
ƣԺЩħͽǵһҪնݳܲÿζҪѳ֡
˵
ס
ͷ
ƶʳ֮ڣһƬƽ·ûܵκβ
ȻһƽģΧ
ڡ
ȻҲ˺ˣλһĸ֮õıӻ
Ȼİõƽ
ȴ֪ħ֮ӳħͣѾŰǬ½
ô˵¶ǳġ
֮ʧﻹĽᡣ

˺ɶһʱ⣬
ͨԴԴϵӿڡ
ͬʱġħ𹦡Ҳת
ܿ죬ͷ֡Լġħƪɿ죬׾پͻһΡ
ֻǣҲ˼ĸá
ħ죡
Сӣ㲻ȥǼħ
ƿڵӣü
Σ
ЦҲħƪһΪѴ
㡣ʶˡ
ڡħƪͻƣΪҲ֮ͻƵ侳ء
Ҿã㻹λǰйתޡ
˵
תޣ
Ц
ת޿ɲһ򵥵¡
Ҫһ㡣ת޵Ŀ깦ܱ֮ǰĹ
ֻ⵽ɣ߻ħ
ƵĽ飬վֵÿǣһȥһĴϿȡ
ǡħ𹦡
֪Ŀĺüͷ΢΢
ǡ
ͷ
Щ֪ǷиõĹ
Ĭһ
һ̧̣֡
ڰ׽ڵ⣬һγɻɵ⣬˳üġ
ɲǼ䣬͸оӴϢԺΪ֮һ
ЩϢʱ˫һ
ֻʥ
Ҳһ칦
֮ɾֻ֮

ħ
𣬱
һ켶֮ϵġʥѧϺɰٴתޡ
˵
һ
켶֮ϵľѧ
ʲô
˿̣ݣӺˣһֱһۡ
лѡ
æл
˵Ҳǿɶɷķϣ£ҺθɡɶЩ֪۸Ҷáܣ
˵һɿµϢڳϡ
ɲǼ䣬һ顣
о׹ߡ
̫ˣ
뿪Ͽȣȥ֮󣬳㿪ʼתޡ
ԣֻʥȷʵֻһµ䣬ͽת֮Լħת֮
ֻۣ֮֮о;ͨЩơ
һ
֮֮˲ײһ
ںϳֻ֮
ͣ
ؿֻ֮һ֣ն
һָоԼٿֻ֮
΢̧֣кͷɵͨںϣںϰ𣬻
˲䡣
˺
ѷ֡
ֻССѷ죬ȴҲ˵ֻ֮Ŀ¡
Ҳ˵ֻ侳أƾȫʩΪʩչ侳ͽ׵
һЩ
ȻҲףȫʩΪɱ侳Ҳ侳һء
ΪֻǿԳ˺ա
ֻ侳һصֶΡ
Ҫߵ·š
һ

ͻȻɫһ䣬Ϊ־ͨû£ͻȻ
ͺ񵽵λսʱһ㡣
ô£
ﻹڷ¡

ʱ﷢֣ͨɵȻֻ֮ںһ
ͺ񱾾ͬͬԴһ㡣
ô£
ﻹɻ
䣡
һǿ˲ڱǵֻ֮ӿֱӽ˹ȥ


522 ֻ֮
﷢֣ԼǰһڣԼһ硣
·糵һ¥á
ﲻǾ𣿡
סˡ
ܿ죬ԼǰĹ˾ĵϰ壬ЩֺİŮɡ
ȵȡ
ܿ죬Ŀ£Լ
һһŹĴ˵
ǳٵˣǿҪнˮġ
ոһա
ÿһնˡ
ܿ죬￴ڹгһСܿ죬ͻˡ
Ҳɡ
һתǶ
һɳ
һ硰Ӱһߣϵرš

ֻء

硣
ȻߴһϤüͷһˡ
ۣͿһǵһػؿ
ɶ
Цˡ
ڿɶɲǣɽƣƺȻ޴ˡ
磬ôˣ㶼ˡ
ɶ˿ĵ
£
Щ¡
ǰҺ˵û¡
ɶֵ
Ҳˣ
һ㶡
ܿ죬ʶʱ
˾˵һĻ
֮ڡһɿµЩԴԴϵشɫĵϡ
ֻ֮
Ȼͷںһ
һ
УЩֻ֮
˫ۣ΢΢ֻ֮ǿȡ
ܿͷֻ֮֡ˡ
֮ǸΡ
ƺ֮ĲΡ
ô£侳Ҳû尡ҵĵ֮ͷ֮壬ֻ壬壬蹵
Щˡ

ʱǰƾճһӰ
ѣ
ɶضк
ǲ˼顣
ųĿ⸴ӣҪ֪㵱ɱǸۣҲ˿ݡ
ѣô¡ҵ
һЩѹԼ顣
Ѿֻ͡ʥںˡ
̾˿󣬾Ȼܺáֻʥںϣɾֻ֮͡塯ݴ˵Խ֮ˣ򡣲롶ֻʥϡ
ڿԽ֮˵Ǻš벻֪ǿħһɱҲǳ׻ҷ𡣡
˵ƺЩȻ
Խ
һ
˵ı
ѵΪԭֻʥںˣ
ѣڵΪ
Щ¡оԼڵƺȫֻ֮
Կ϶Ǵֻ֮֮
Ҫ֪֮ǰ켶ħ𹦡Ҳһ֮Ψתʱ򣬻ħ
ڣڵֱӻֻ֮
ǰȫ
ڵΪ侳ء
˳һۣ˵
侳أ
Щ¡
ڣѾǬ½ˡֻʥǳԽǬ½Ĵڣһ־أ˵һأɱ侳ء
ڶأɱ侳أأɱ侳ء
أɱʾأأɱʾأأɱʾء
ҲһֱӦ۾ءءء
ѵһ˵ô໰
Щ¡
˻ЩԴһȫ˽⡣
ںˡֻʥ൱˳ԽǬ½Ҳֻ֮
ԣѣҵİ֮أ֮ӦҲǬ½Ĺưɣ
ʡ
ԼӦһԼİ֮

ԣһͼ֮ͷ֮塣
ֻǣܿͷֵ֣֮ȴǵ֮ͷ֮塭
һֺֻ֮ϵİ塣
ְ壬Զ֮ǰںϰ壡
ڵİ֮Ϊֻذ塭һ㽫ֻʥأڵķӣֱֻط򡯡
˳һۣҲû뵽⡶ֻذ塷Ϊһ㡣
һ
˿̣Ļ֪ԼõһԵ
ллѡ
æл
ֻʥգϣƾߵøԶ
ֿ˳һۣɶһͷɢӰ١
磬û뵽˯һʵ˾硣
ɶҲΪĽˣԴĵΪеˡ
Ҳû뵽
΢΢ȭظӦڰֻ֮
ˡ츳ͨ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô츳ͨ
ͨûʱ˿
֮ǰԣͨйء롶ֻʥںϻҲΪͨ㣡ͨײʲô壬ٹǰ·¾
ʱ˿̣þͨĲ򵥡
ԣͨһֱء
һô˵Ǻ¡
ɶҳȥ͸͸ɡ
ǣɶ֣뿪˷š
ȥ˸ĸ˾ˣǰģ̤ն
ʱ
Сӣˡ
Զ˳ǰ󣬳ɫͫһмżֲţ㡭㡭
ǲǺܾȣ
Цˡ
֪ƿ϶ˡ
ƺ侳ֻǣЩͬ
Щɵ
ڵʵ侳ء
Ц
ʲô
ɵˣ˵ڵĳǰȫʢʱڵҪǿ
ô£
ƺʡ
˵ˡֻʥ¡
ʥ
ͫһ
ţ֪
ʡ
ڵõƴڣһЩء˵⡮ʥѧ켶֮ϵĴڣѰҲֻܷӳ켶һںϣǬ½֮ϵ֮·
һ˵ţһ߸̾ڵӦǳɾ˺ߡĻԵò˵𾪣Ľ˼ʣ
һ۰ۣڿɲˡ
Ȯʣ˰ɣ
û治֪Сôôõȫµĺ£ȫ̯ˡ
ԣһĬ
ƺȷʵˡ
ǰڵϣһ硣
Ȼ󡭡
ȴһ·˳˳ˮ
ǰĲɡ
Ĭ

ͻȻüͷһƣӦһ侳ֶ¡
ǿӦ侳ϵĴڡ
ȴ塣
ڵʵƾĴڣһ֮һս
ƣƶԸڵ
˵
ԳԣڵЩİ
ö֪
á
Ӧ
ɶʹҳȥ
ߵɶһͷ̤նƳ
ϣֻ֮ƣɵ绯һɫ磬Χơ
ಣ
һ̣ӭ˿ʳ֮ˡ
ڵ˵ǰ
ֻǣ˵ʱȴסˡ


523 ҡ
ˣ
ڳǰ֮ˣǱˣҡ޺ۡ

޺ۿҲһ㶡
֮˵أҲ˵˴˵ص档
˵һħܿߣɱ
ֻǺ֮˵أȴû뵽ӡڵĳǸɽ
ˣȥ˵
к޺»ʹ
ʱɶҲӭϵ޺۵ģҲЩȡ
ɶϵ޺ۡ
ɶҡˣ֪֮
΢Цɶܡ
ˣ
ɶ޺΢΢һЦ
ˣҵӡ
Ц
Ǻø޺ݺǵһμ˳ɫ֮Ůӡ
޺۶ɶһͷֶԳЦ
ˣΪλ˵أ
ʳе
޺۳̾һҡħ֮֡
Ŀ⸴ӣ˵ͷ
ǰЩ۾ʾħ¡˵ҡǵҲǲ⡣
ˣ˵أʱסɣɱ㰲
΢Ц
޺ۣһֱĴм
ǵ֪֮ǺġԪռ䡱֮͡
ǿۣ
޺Щʵ
û뵽˵ҲѾ֪ʳǵ¡ӵѡǿߡ
΢΢ͷ
ơֻءһ£ȴǲἰ
һ̫ţǳ˼ɡ
£Խ֪Խá
޺һȡ
ɶǸȻһͷ޺ۡǶˡ
㲻ǵɽȥ𣿡
ϯ䣬޺ʡ
ɽ
ԣĿһɱһţգЩɽ֮֡
ô£
޺۶ݣʣεȸ߸ϣԳ֣
Խȥһ˵
ԭˣû뵽ͨʿš
޺̾Ȼ֪ˣұ㲻ټ㵽ǵ
˵޺΢Щ
𡣡
ҡͷһЦգҲǺ⣬ġ
һŵҡˣҡˣҡĵΣ
޺֪ﵣʲô͵ҡڵӣЩħ˲ûм˺
ͷﻹЩ
ԣú޺ۺɶ˵һ뿪
Уûдɶ
ϾҡҲΣա
ʵҲֻԱ
ˣ
һ̧֣컯֣ڽ¡
һʧʡ
ֻ֮ϣٿ컯̣ٶȷ򱱡
񣬳һΪ侳أԦ컯̵ٶȣҲǿ쵽¡
ڿԺѰ൱
º͵ִҡ⡣
ҡǣƺǰûʲô仯ȴףбȻӿ
ܿ죬˸ҡ
ĸңѲյĸҡ
ħƣħռݡ
ѰһûзָʯӺСӵ٣ҡפضȥ
ҡפأҡӣԴͷɥ
УĴŲ鵽һ˿Ѫζ
û뵽ҡ³
һ̾
밵УΪӪڷ˹ˡ
һĸ֮ۡУΧǰϢήҡ
ӣҹˣ˵ǸɴֱӴȥȻڵأ
ɳɫ
Դ񣬱嶯
һԵǻȰ
ǰħ˵ǾҪ뿪ҲҪȷиһЩ
ʯΪȻ
ϧС
ʯߣҼҲڣ̾һ͸¶ֿϧ
Ժټ治֪͡
ʯЦ
ɳǻԣҲĬ
ȥ֮ǰֽСֽǵС
ڣСȴˡ
Сôˣ
һͻأڴԺд
ɳ˶һ㶣ЩԼĶ䡣
ֱɫ΢Щĳǲ֪ԼĶûëϸֳݡ
ôģ
ǰħɭϡ

ɳˣȻȣȴû̫ϲá
ϾڵҡѾҡˡ
Сôˣ
ʵ
ؿϡ䡣
ɳԡǿЦ
Դ񣡡
￴˿ɳ
Բ𡭡ûչ˺С֡С֣һħɱˡ
ɳ˵
΢
С֣ǸΪҵĴӽʣһ硣ڡȻˣ
𡣵Сֺؿ̵龰
һ˫С۾˸Ŷµͺ档
ſɳԣҲ֪ȥ
ԭһǰһħΪСֶ˵һ仰㽫ɱ
ǸħˣռҡפصһȺħ˵СͷĿ
һ侳ħ͡
Ǹħʲôط
˫һʡ
嶯
ɳȻֹΪʵͷϲô˵
ȴȻ֪ĳƾ侳صߣҲδĶ֡
ȽǼ˴ȥ
üͷһƣֻ֮ɨڿɳ˵ϡ
ֻ֮Ϊš
ɳ˸ųһ·˳뿪ҡפأûбѲӵħͷֺ󣬶Ŀɿڴ
ҿ͸㣬ڵΪ
ɳ˳һۡ
²侳ˡ
˵
䣿
ʯǻסˡ
ǱڸңΪСֱ˳𣬱Ѱǡ
·ϣѾ֪ɱСֵڣɳ˵һֻȥˣͷҲء

ʯ˿
Ȼǵһаա
ɳ˵
ԸɣǸħˣϾ侳صĴڡ
ǻ˵ͷ
ٴνҡפأֱӾȥ
ڣĿĵء
һĹ
ɨһʱͷɱСֵޡ
һͷˡ
£űŰϢ
˸ҿң
ɨ䣬Ҳħͷˣ˲ӳ˳ǰ
ߣôı뷴
ͷ꿴ųͺڿһˡ
ɱС֣ұ
￴Źͷ꣬ĿĮ
С֣
ͷһ㶡
㶵ʱ򣬾ͷֶԷٳһẒֵ́˲䱩ǣĻֶ¡
֮ϣĪ
䣡
£ɫ䣬Ҫ룬ȴԼΧգѾȫ
ߣҪѹңұ㣡
ͷһû˿壬һȭµ壬֮Х컯ϡ
һ̣ˡ
ΪֻǹẔ́Ļɫһ˿
һ̣ûüӦ͸оһڣû֪
ͷ裬ֱӽ뿪ҡפء
ȺĿɳˣųｫͷ˳Щ¡
ҲУ
ʱ˿̣ǶԸоͷ겢ûҲ˵ֻǽ裬˳
һʱ䣬Ƕڵʵˡ


524 ս侳أ
ͷʵһ
侳صĴڡ
ڣȴСһš
ߣ
һ̧֣컯£˲ǿ
ǡ
ɳĿɿڴ
վ
кɳˡ
վ󣬳ֻ֮ӿһϡ
컯һ·ϣһʱͣ
ɳͱ컯̵ٶȸŴˡ
ߣ
ֻ֮ӿͷڣֱ׷ɵԶ±ϡ
ͷתʶԼҪ£ɫ䣬ʶ֮
ܿͷ֣ȫˡ
ž
ͷɫ䣬һ£ץ±ϣѪ죬ҷ֡
ܿ죬Ŀ֮ˡ
Ϊ֮ˣ֮ǰǰˡ
㡭㡭
ͷɫɷףʶԼĩս١
ͦǿġ
￴ͷϣЦһһֻ̧֣֮Уֱӽͷһȸϵ

ʱͷҽУѪ˰ѡΡ
һˤȥ
ûΪ͸ͨһģһ
ˣ
һ£ͷһҲˡ
һҽС
Ҳǹͷ걾ħͣڳˣҪȻʧȥһ
ңҡԸΪԸΪ
ͷ꾪ֵ
Ϊһˣ
Ц
ֻ֮Уٴӳͷһ۰ҲϵͶ¡

ͷ꾪š֫ʣһۣץסһǣԸɿ
ɳվһԣò
ǿԸоŭ
ǻǵһμʧ̬
ˣ
һͷ˽ʣı۰նϡ
ͷڻ˹ȥ¡
ʱ̧ͷ죬С֣Ϊ㱨ˡ
һþûܻع
ڰ
ʯȰ
û¡
ҡͷ˸ҡ
̾Ѿˡ
˵ͷԸоĿ⣬˿ɳǻϣԴʦ֡ǵĴӣ
˵ҴǴشȥ
ɳ˵
Һһȥ
ͷٿ컯̣ɿɳ·ǻļҡ
һȺɽĴӡ
ħͣԸʵ̫ƫƧ̫ˡ
Ҳˣȫ˴ӡ
˶û£ɳǻ˿
ܿ죬ｨɳǻ˵ˣһߡ
˭֪ȫܾˡ
󣬿ɳǻҲ¡
Ҳǿ
ʯʲô㣿
ʡ
͸ʯӶ˶һۣ˴𰸣Ҳ׼¡
ͷǵ
ڴס˼գȷܰȫ󣬳﷽뿪
ңңųӰʧʣɳ̾˿Ҳ֪պʱټ
ﲻ˵ļȥˡ
֮ǵĵ֮ǸϽΪ


뿪ȥһǵ
ǵҲһˣ١
ǵһħͿƣҡȣòȥ
ǵѰһ󣬶ûзֹٵټ
Ҳ֪ˡ
ڹյչˣҲһֱĴм
Ȼûзֹٵ٣׼뿪
ಣ
컯̷Ӷֱϱ߻ȥ
һ󣬳ǲʲôüͷһ塣
ͣº󣬾ͲԶһս
һŷ˺һս
ˣ
Ŀһû뵽Լȥǵûҵ٣ˡ
͹һģǵһλ
ǵĶ֣һħ͡
ħʵˣƬ֮󣬾Ȼѹ˹˵֣𽥵·磬վ

ħЦһħ죬īľ޴ӡ̺ž˵ƣȻ䡣
ѷ죬Ȼըޱȡ
ˣиһĨ
ƴֵħ͵һ
ˣ
ʱһ˺ѳա
һ⣬ųѷ졣͸޴ӡӡ顣
ʲôˣ
ħɫһ䣬Զ
ҲסˣﶼЩ֣˭ǡ
ڻ򣬳ǵѾɱĵӦûôǿǿ˰ɣ
ǵĶ֣侳صĴڡ
ʵյǵ
ʱŵӶأ˵С
˵ΣҲڳڹٵǰ
һۿˣЩţݺݵز˲۾Ƭ֮󣬲ʶһжġ

پĪǵģȻǳ
ԱߵҲɵˡ

У̤նĿħ͵ϡ
㾹Ȼ
ħϳ˳ı

һֻһ˵Ϊһ
ڴ˵еҲš
ǽҲ³

ħи̰Ӷ磬Ѹס
ǿ
ܵõаաһʣҲһս֮
ҿɡ
Цһɵͨںϣٴγ֡
ݣ
һŵĴâֱӶסħ͵š
ȻϾ侳ߣħͶҪ
꣡
ȻâǴ͸һۡ
㾹ң
ħͳŭˣħ죬·һħ
ˣҲûţӶ
һʣ֮ȫ
֮
侳أ
üͷһƣʶħ͵Ŀ¡
Ϊ֮£ӦûʲôĶ֡
ʱʶ侳ߣкһսʵ
ת֮䣬УħͶԺʮС
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ĵֻֻ̺֮ذ壬ޱȡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ħÿһ£նΪ֮һ
ڹˣֻܿЦվһߣΪǷ֣ħչֳȫȫħ͵Ķֻܵڡ
ʵǿ
ǰȻ֮Ҳ侳
˼飬Ŷã
Ϊ˻ʵĵӣҲ˽ɣ

ˣе𺳡
СӣɸҲһս
ħʹеջ𣬳ԶɾΪ޴֡
׳գ
ֻǣֻӦ֡
㣡
ħŭ
䣡
ʱͻȻ̤նУ컯̷ӶĻֶ䡣
ֻ֮С
Ҫ׷ħֱͣײ컯ϡ
ȻûʲôˣȴҲǱѡ

ܿɵˣСӣȻ
䡫
컯һ𣬼ѹħ¡
˿̣Ҳ䣬кͷɵͨΪһ壬ֻֻ֮ذΪý飬ٴλһƴâֱӶ
ħɫ䣬Ȼ׹䣡


525 ּ
ݣ
ֻֻ֮ذʩչǿһǱԷ
СӣҲŹģ
ħƺҲʶȥԼҪɫһ䣬ɶԶȥ
ӣ
ɫһ
컯£׷ȥ
ֻ֮壬׾پ׷˶Է
ѪΪ֮Ű
ħͲԽԽϢҧʳָ
һ̣ʳָϵһѪɳ
䣡
˲䣬𵴣ѷ˺
һīĴţȻ򿪡
ಣ
ħһ˽ȥ
ã
ɫ䣬Ҫȥ
Ȼħ͵Ӱûڴź󣬴ҲȻرգʧ١
Щħ͵ֶΣǲ
ɫѿ
ʱ˿̣ȴûз֣Уһɳشֻ֮컯棬ס
˿֪ħѳʵתȥ
ˣ
ٶ˵ǰ΢΢һЦ
治š㡭㾹ȻͻƵ侳ˡ
һѹе𺳡
ǰ
һλΪȻ
ˣôħʹ
ʡ
ǵħռ죬ΪǵսǶ˽ӳһֱȺħ׷ɱ
̾
ﻺͷˣ޵طȥһҵļ硣ɱǰȫ
˶һۡӦ
ܿ죬컯̵ٶȣҲ˹ٶˡ
·ϣЩпȥɽֻͻƵ֮ǵõ
ɽ
һ飬ЩȻ
ȴҲû˵
ţ
ͻȻָӦ궯ϢɶסΡ
ܿͷ֣һǬ½ߣħһս
ħʵһ㣬ֻ侳ء
ٳ֣ħɱ
Ǹߣæл
һ·ϣҲɴٶȡ
ֻҪǬ½ߺħһսǶ֡
ס
˻ıԵ򣬳ٴοһս
ħֶͣԸһˡ
ˣϵá
ͷ
ʦ
ħ͵ʵҲ侳أһսȴһħԽԽꡣ
ףСӡ
ܿ죬˾ͷ˳
ˡ
ɨħһۣһЦ
ݣݣ
ָ۵µ̺֮ſµ壬Ӷ͸ħ͵üģ˴һ
侳أ
ĿһЩȡ
Сӡ
˷˳˽µ컯ϡ
ǡ
ܿ죬ǲʲô۵
ǰô
һţ˻⡣
ˣڱȺħ˻ˣҲ֪Щħôħ֮سģҪ֪˭ųЩħˣҶ
˵ҧгݡ
һ顣
Ǵȥ
ʡ
׼ȥ
˵
Сһڣ
ʡ
ڡ
ͷȴĬ磬磬˾Ǳңȥϼһġ
Ҹһߣʶʶ
Ŀⷢ
Ҳֻܽ˴ȥˡ
յīʯ۹Ե򣬳ͷ֣Լˡ
ţ
ɫһ
ʲôˣ
ͷһָ͸գֱ֮ϡ
Ҳһء
ݣݣ
ȼɫĽ⣬˵Ĺ⡣
￴ɫʱͫһۻ桭ף
ӡ
۽ס

ܿ죬Ӱն£˳ǰԶ
׶ˡ
ˣкһ
ʹߴˡ
ٺһĿ⣬׵ϣҲϳס
׵ǵѡɫʮӡǰɽ˵ӿˡ
ֻǣǷ֣ƺе⡣
ЩɻΪ˻ʵӣײʦֵ
ն£ɵؿ˸ղųֵһۣĿ˳ϡ
þò
׶Գһͷ
ǰþòϴҺûǺ
кһ˵

סˡ
վڳߵĹͷǴӵۣСӣǺ㣿
гӦһҪΪļơ
ȥˡֻǰ׶ѡ
ҡҡͷ
ף
ͷסˡ侳ءʵ
ɾˣֻǰף
ıǡ
ͷۿͷĬϡɵˡ
ʣ
ҲֻǷ£ɽ٣Ҳħѹֻūѡ
̾˿
ӻ֮ҲΥģһֱ
ȴ뵽
աʦܲûнĵϸ֪ʦ𡣡
쿴ĿһʦܵǵʱΪ˲̽㣬ǰ˵أҲĹ确򡯡ʦʼʱȴûнһи֪𡣡
ԣ΢΢ݡ
ɫ˼֡
л
һͷ
أǴѰֻһϢ֮ء˿̵Ǭ½սձؽңЩ۷׷׳Ǭ½Ƿƶˡ
ҡҡͷֱȥ
һһ
ǰ˵
ҪպǬ½Լǿ
ٿ컯̣Ƭ̾ͽ
·ϣɻʵΪҪ㣿
˫һˣʣһͨûʲôһ̰Ҽʱ룬ɥġ
͸¶ֺ⡣
һ
ȻȻΪǻʿų
Ҳû͡
ʳǣ㽫ٺߵһλ
󣬲ŴŹͷع
ʹ֮УĴڡ
硢ɺ˾ˣڴԴȡ
ħŰҲ֪Ǹͷˡ
˾̾˿
ͷʵܱԼƽ
˵
ˡ
ɸɴࡣ
˵ҲһʱûˣЩϰߡ
˾˵
ô
緭˸ۡ
ҿҲ˵˵ǹͷˣ϶ˡ
Ц
վڴ֮⣬ǵĶ˵ĶԻȻڶС
ףҪùˡ
Сһﻹͦ˼ҵġ
󣬽˴
֮Уݳ̡
ͷ
˾翴ĳ˳һۣҲ֪ԹｫͷԹﲻǡ
ģȥɶ
оղԣϽ
£
ͻȻ˾һ飬վ׷ȥ
СҲ¡
æվҪȥ׷
˭֪
һֱ̧֣֮˵ϣ˻ʦ뿪һʱûвǣƤǰɣ


526 ؽ
Ȼ뿪ˣȴܸоڹŹֵա
ҡͷһЦȥɶ
ɶڻʹһйڡ
йذŸġ
Ҳ򸾣Լ򸾣ҺԪҵҲӹˡ
ﵽʱ򣬷ɶҶ죬վԺŲ񷣬ڷ
磬ʲôأ
룬΢Цʡ
ȻСˡ
ʶʱһֱֵƣҲûٸı䡣
룬ԪʳǣӦѾָƽˡ
˵
磬ȥ
￴˼
š
ͷֻңҡҵˣҲȥȻƽȴվǵĸ
Ц磬վ޷ͻô
ҡͷ޹أ޷ͻͲֻǣҲȴϰˡ¥Ѿһ֣ԸᣬҲ֪ûбЩħ̣
磬һ˰ɡ룬ԪѾûʲôǿħˡ
Ц
Ŀһ
˵ãֱӳ
ûиɶҶࡣ
ҪȻŮҪһͬǰ
컯̣Ƭ֮󣬳ԪʳϿա
Ԫʳ֮ڣ·ϵ˶˺ܶ࣬˽Լڼ
Ԫȴ
ûֻʣһЩŮ̫ࡣ
ֶ䡣
ʹ侳ߣʮ߸侳ߣԼɵ侳ߡ
ߣ
Ŀһ컯һ˲һĴ
֮Уһ侳ߣץһŮԭʼ˶
ӡûæ𣿡
侳߲ͷ
ֻǣܿͷֲˡ
תͷɫһ䣬ʲôˣ
Ҫˡ
ĿһӳһͽԷɱ
һԵĿ⸴ӡ
꣬һμʱֻ侳ߡ
񣬲֪䣬Ѿɳ˵ز侳ǰûκλ֮
ллˣллˣ
ĹŮȥ˼ͷһͷײһԵϡ
Ǳˡ
һĻóɫ׳
һȺħūͣ΢Ĵڡ
ѹֶͳʹԪʳǡ
ʱķ䶯
ʲôˣȻЩħˡ
ѵоˣ
ôܣǼҵǿߣҲħ˵

һЩʳǵľ񣬲ʲôϣ
Ҹۡ
ɫӡ
ʱ䣬ڣ⼸գǻҵһЩµģΪĸףҼħɱˡ
񴫱ʳǵԣİ
Ȼȥ˶꣬ˡ


һ̣˿ɬ
ܶԿЩµħ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ڳʳǵʱ򣬻ʳǸһħڿնֱʹȥ
񣬳ڻʹϿգңңħԽԽࡣ
󣬾Ȼ塢ʮˡ
ЩˣΪףǻʹڵ侳
ϳأ
侳һۣûֵͬ飬üͷ΢΢
˵һ侳ôѾˡ
˵ڶУĮ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ϳصʵɲ֮¡
˲䣬ǵɨڳϡ
˿̣ûֻ֮ѹΪϢ
侳أ
Ϊ˿
Ҳ侳أǿǰ֮֮ɱϳأȻΪ͵ϮԵʡ
˶𣿡
ǸһĨЦʡ
СӣҪ
һ侳ħֱͣӳ
ߣ
һߣֱֻ̺֮Ӷ˶ԷĶĤ
䣡
˲䣬ħһѪ
ʬֱ¡
ΧһƬš
ڣ侳ˡ
ħ͵Ĵ¡ʣµʮҲһͬˡ
ƺƵһȺˣֱӳ
Ŀһ㶡

컯ն˲Ǵֶ䡣
ֻֻ֮ذ壬֮䡣
֮ħ;Ա
ֻ侳Ƭ̣Ǳˡ
ǰֻһͷ

̬
ų̲ס³֡
Ҫ֪֣ǰкܶϵġ͸ٺʲ
Ⱥħͺɱˣֶ£ͼѰ©֮㡣
󣬻ֱˡ
һһɱԪʳǡڻָƽ
ˡ
˫һ
˵ͷ̤նףħѾԪʳǣӽ󣬽ָħ˽ǰԭ״ʱۻʽЭͬҽ١ؽʳ򡣡
˵仰󣬾ͬն¡
¥ûбƻ˿
̫С
ϣҶ⣬˵ҪĿ¾¥ˡ
ܿ죬ԪʳĴһ̽߳šſħˣ񳹵ûӰ
ʧ˱гţʶղǵ˵Ķġ
ħˣˡ
һʱ䡣˱еͷȻ¡
лˣ
϶ǵۻǿߡ
ۻ꣡꣡

ԪʳǣСǹӰ
վڷ¥¥İᴰǰһĻζ¡
磬ȥʣµ˽ɡ
˵
ͷ
ܿ죬Ԫҵ˻ع顣
ҵ˸Żع顣
ɶҺңûʳǻָԭ״
һлָº
¥ָӪҵͥС
¥ᣬ򸾡򸾡򸾣ٴһá
һǵãһۣǶǰˡ
̾
ɲǣһǵãۻʸմӦ͹Ļ¡
ҶЦ
һ̣Ҳоޱȵ泩
ܾûָоˡ
ʲô㣿ҪȻ߶Ӱɡסԡ룬ֻҪԸʶҪ󣬱Ȼ㡣
Ц
ȻҲ֪ںЩ
Ǳ˼
ʦ֣⻰ǵۻ˵İɣ
Ц
˽˵˵Ļ
ЩΡ
ˣԲˣ
ڣεա
󣬳򸾺򸾵
׼뿪ˡ
ڵԪʳ֮˴㡣
ȻܰǬ½Ƕļ硰򡱣ǻᾡȫָԭ״
ɶ뿪Ԫ󣬲ûлʳǡ
һ·ݳǶȥ
·ϣҲһ㡣
ֻгħ͵ӰЩСӡС֮ģûκӰ졣
ȻЩħͿǡ
һ·ڳħͣϰ֮
ڣݳǡ
տĳһһСħռ졭
ɱЩħ֮󣬳ԪתһȦȷԪħͺŴɶ뿪


527 ͻʾ
꣬ɶڻء
Ŭڽеħ;ɱ
ʱġֻʥҲѾ˵ͻƵصٽ㡣
ƽԭ֮ϣһӰ֮УΧȫͬХơ
֮֮
ʱţҲڻһںΪһ壬ڿ֮˵ͷ
ӿڣһ
ɲǼ䣬ؿڴ˵ͻȻһܿͻ˷ɵ״ڡ
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬˫
ӹѣ粣һ㡣
ͻˣ
һϸּܡ
硣
ԶһʤѩŮӣס˳ĸ첲ϸ΢Цϲ磬ͻƵʾ
ɶ
ｫŮӵ뻳У̰Ůӵķ㣬ͻƣ˶ã
¡
ɶ΢Ц
ô˵ϴ뿪Ѿȥˣ
ʡ
ǰˡɶͷ
ˣҲûȥˡ
Ц
΢΢̧֡

嫵ֻ֮ӿɢڸձ컯ϡ
ಣ
컯һһ⣬ӹʣͺҹһŵǡ
ʮ֮
ɶѾϿա
磬ڵķӣ𣿡
ɶʲôʵ
ˡ
ͷֻˣҵֻطΪһˡ⡶ֻʥȷʵǬ½Ĺ֮ϣֻҪΪֻذҲͻƵأʾأֻذҲɱֻعˡ
ֻʥ˵ǳһתۡ
磬ڵķӣʲô򣿡
ɶʡ
â򣡡
˫һ˵
Ǳɵ״ķ֮ɲǣԺͻȻðͷ
ĳ൱ַ
ңΪâ򳹵ֻط򣬸ö
ֻҪġֻʥ絽ˣͻֱͻơ
Ǭ½һİ塢ȫͬ
ҲǴǬ½Ƶĺô
룬ٶȣ쵽һֿµĳ̶ȡڣڶʱڣɾ۾
ңųҲ
֪ｫеħɱ˶ˡ
ȻħҲûȥؽɽˡ
˵
Ҳûȥˡ
ʮһ춴ĶҲ˵

һһʳǱѵˣȥ
Ͳµˡ
Ҳۣһһ˻ȥ
һڻʳǵĸҵֱÿտ
һУָ˹ȥģ
һж֮󣬳ｫǶеһ
׼뿪ʢ֮ǰǬ½򡣡
￴һȺˣ˵ԼĴ㡣
Ȼħͱ˳ȥҲָƽħͣȴǼΪǿ󣬲ܵеġ
˵
ĶӵİΣ
ǰ£ǷҪؿǣ
Ҳ˵
ҾãӦ뷨̨ڻҲʢ֮򡣡
ȴֳ֧
ס
Щ
˵öԣȷʵӦóȥˡ
ʱһƾմ
ܿ죬һõӰʼڿĴᣬһӰ
ѣ
ɶæ
ǰ
ʣµˣҲ
˵ǵľˣֻˣǸ˳һ컯
мҪȥ졣
ͻȻɫ
ʮպ
ɶƣ˵
ʹϿգЩء
ѾơֻءƿȨ˳ĸ׳׼ͳһ뿪
С洳ǧҪ嶯ǲУסһ仰ɽڣûա
ͥԳ˵
ˣסҾ㲻ΪԼ룬ҲҪΪ׺ĸ롭һҪúûţܾ챧ء
Ц
ҲЦˡ
Сӣ˵
˳һۡ
ɶգһƬ죬һֱ쵽˲ϡ
ˣ
Ŀ⣬Ӹ׳ĸᡢ˵ϣһһӹ
һŲ컯̣û
СӣʵƺˣڵʵǺʱܵϻӣ
ʵ
ԣһЦһ١
ʱ컯жס
Ƶͷһɵˡ
컯֮µģɲǶϻӣ
ʺˡ
ͻȻЦˡ
Щͷԣҿʲôûз֡
ɶĿԶ
Զ
һʺһּٶȷӶ
һ͵ӵеʺʺС͵ʺ
ܿ죬ʺڲԶͣ¡

ʺ֮Уܿ߳ˡ
ħ֮ˡ
޼ɵɨʱ֣˾ʾĴڡ
ħͣ
ǸһĨЦ⣬ʵ
Ļɫ䡣
ȥħͣǲָֻһưԣǽԼλߡ
ἰǲ׵¡
Сӣһȫʬ
Ϊ׵ħͣ

Ŀһ΢
ɲǼ䣬һӶת۾͵ħ͵ǰ
ڳȥ·ϣһѷ졣
ħɫ䡣
ϣ֮𣬷֮
ֻϧһжˡ
ˣ
Ӱεĵ⣬ֱӹ
ಣ
һħƵ꣬ħڴܳҪߡ
ߣ
Ҳʲô
ɲǼ䣬ڳͷ֮ϣͨ֡
֮˲ͽһǿߵ꣬
ħͣɫ䡣
ղűɱǵ֣ʾصĴڡ
ˣҲʾء
ǿɲãʤԷ
ӣ
ûκγɣתӡ
ˣ
ѷ֣շ·𱻳һնֱĵ⣬ֱӽնɱ
˵ɢ꣬ҲͨĽ֮ޡ

ͬʱھͨϣɵ֣ʾħ͵ʬɡ
Ըоտյĵ㣬ָֻ˻
⼸ͨɵˣҲʵôԭ
Сӣʺǵˡ
ʺ
ֻǣڿֶ֮סΣԡʺĻǵٶҪࣿ
ЦˣƣѵͲת𣿡
ţ
һ㶡
һԵɶЦˣƣֻҪ컯ʺںϡǾˣ
ںϣ
ƻûзӦͿʺ
ܿ죬ｫ컯ǶʺײʱȻ
ҲС
ò˵ʺĻȷʵ컯Ļöˡ


528 
ʺ棬ӦоС
зУֱһܡ
ңܿͷ֣ʺĳԶ
컯̵ٶȣʾصʱʺȻǰȻ
Ҫ֪ٶȣֻ֮ҲԵ
һ·
ԭΪһ·ϻƽ˾˭֪ڶɹϻӣһߺûãɫ
ظӦһɿµ̽
ಣ
һʱ컯̵ٶȼ
ʾصٶ֮ϣ۾ٶȡ
Ҳ֪˶ãʺ΢΢ʶǹɿµѾʧʱٶȡ
Сӣô£
ɻ
Ҳ֪ƺǿڿҡ
üͷһ壬ҡҡͷ
˿̡
ڳԦʺʧԶ߾ͷҲ׽֮ϣһѪ֮µˣüͷ΢΢һ塣
˳죬üһɫĻӡǡ
㲻˵ֻ侳ʵ𣿡
Ѫ̧ͷ׷ˣɫһʵ
Ѫˣϴһսȷʵ侳ء
˿Ц
һ۾Ϳϳǵѵħ͡
ֻǣħͣ𵱳Ϣ˲١
ȻطҲ˼ĸɡ
ߣ̽ڡ
ѪħͣĿ䡣
ǣǡ
ħæͷ
գڳ컯ϣԼӡǡ
ֻҪȡ컯̣һʱܸӦ
ѪˣǱֱǰеġ
ħ͹
ߣָ·
Ѫһӣǣħͷ
ȷ
Ѫʡ
Ѫˣȷϣۼȡ
ħæ˵
ܺãܵõұ㽫ָͻƵʾ
Ѫͷ˫ޱȡ
ܵõʵؽ
ʱǬ½һȺǿУҲؽΪĿĴڡ
ı
ۣҲΪ
Զ֮С
ʺŻٶƬ̡
ֳˡ
ɫһ䣬ôһֱ֪ҵλá
Сӣ᲻㱻ʲôǺţ
ʡ
Ǻţ
üͷһ塣
һֻ֮ʼȴûзκζߡ
ţ쵽ɶϣҲûʲô
ƣҲû֡
ܰ
üͷһ壬ֻ֮һɢ󸲸ʺ
ڱˡ
ǡ
ظӦʺǶ컯ϣһ۵ɳ
ɳۣվ컯ϡ
ǳһΪʾ¶Էһɳ
Ӧ
һ
̲ס
ǰǰǵ󣬻ȥ·ϣ¹ٺһǵʱǸ侳ħ͡
Ǹħ͵ʵǿ
ʩչط׷ɱ
룬ֻ
ߣ
Ŀһֻ֮һɳ
һ⡣
гһöƷԪʯ
һɳڼƷԪʯϡ
ƣ̻һơ
￴ƣƷԪʯ˹ȥ
Сӣ룿
Ŀһ
ƣֻǺܼ򵥵ƣԼ֮ת۾Ϳ̻á
ӹƷԪʯ߳ʺ
һ̣ǺЦȥɡ
˲䣬żƷԪʯһ
ɲǼ䣬ƷԪʯ̺һֱֻ֮߶ȥתʧʡ
ٶ֮죬š
ͬʱصʺǰٶУǵ󣬷Żٶȡ
һ̿ʼҲûвǹѹֵϢ
˿̡
׷ģ
ѪļƷԪʯɫΪѿ
֪ѾĿ곹׸ˡ
ѪˣҲû뵽Ȼˡ
ħɫɷס
ߣûõĶ
Ѫһ
ɲǼ䣬֮УƾճһŻ棬ħ͵ͷ¡
Ѫˣ
ħͱ
Ȼ壬һŹĻ£˻ҽʧʱߡ
ΪѾϤǵϢ
Ѫ˫һӿնֻһѪ⡣
ַʮգŷŻʺٶȣ۲Χ
Сӣģ
ʡ
ң˭
һۣΪ
СӣǱһС
ͻȻǷ´½һ
ԣָһߡ
ȻһС
к֣ȻλվĴɽ֮УԸ߿ո»ֲˡ
ɶ뿪ʺ
Ƹ˳ȥ
컯̺ʺ𣬳ǣɶ֣̤ն䣬ƣȥ
Уޱȡ
ǳһĳС
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ɶƸոն䣬ͱһȺסˡ
оˡ
Ÿ׳˶ӣضųɶ
ǺˣΪôǡ
Уһϴ̵Ϊס
ɨȵط֣˾Ȼ侳һĴڡ
ˣһĳУѵǻҪǽ룿
Ʋˡ
ǰǹǰȴѾˡ
Ϊ׵ˣ˵
ҪӲأ
˫ӹʡ
֪ǿߡǳҵжʣ
Ϊ˵ͺһ
ˡ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣһӰ۳Σһ״С
ͨ
һ㶡
ѹ֮ǰЩУû뵽ԷҲͨӵߡ
ˣˣˣˣˣ

ﻹڴ͡
˸ͷ֮ϣҲԳһ޴Ӱ
ȫͨ
һ顣
ҿ
Ҳסˣ̲סֿڡ
Сӣ˵ʲôˣһ˰ɣ
ƿЦ
üͷһ塣
ʱ˿̣ظӦԼͨƺЩ궯֮
Լǿ֮ѹסڿѾܳˡ
⡭
ʱͫһ
䣡
ؿǰͷ֮ϵͨȻײһһʵ
ǧ׳Ѷ䣬ɢżΪµϢ
캳أ
ʣ
ͫһϣоʵϢ
ޣʣ
ٲ뿪ݹҳХ飡
Ϊ׵ˣһԾͷվųȵ
оһʹ
ͨһֿƲס궯
һ̣ɴ಻
䣡
˲䣬ͨҲʵҲһǧ׵
ͬڶɫצͨΪ
ͨƽɫۡ
Щ֮䣬ɭȻѪҺ״
Ҫǣһצ
צ̧߰ͷ­һ˫ɫӣӿһ۶𣬱֮Ӹ߰·Яŵİ
Ӵʼ
Ƭ֮
䣡
˲飬·һĪѹ
ۣۣۣۣۣ

һɲǣŸͱͨˣ³һѪ
桭
ХŲ˷ܵĲ


529 ʥʹ

ХĻһ㶡
ܿ죬ͷ֣ХڵľˣȻͨɣȴûһգĿȵضͨ
ٲȻ䣬ʶӦʲô顣
λˣ֪γƺ
Х΢ЩĿٲȻżڴ
ҽг
üͷ΢˵

ճ
һʱ䣬ХȾ˶Цˡ
ˣǸʲôղŻɱɱģھͺúܺÿһ
üͷһ
ʥʹˣ
һ̣Хڵľ˵ĶóһȻ
˿̣Хǫع
ʥʹˣ
Щ¡
Ҳʲôʥʹϴˡ
ü
ǡϼ塯Уһ仰ͨߣ˳ϼ֮ʥʹ֮ʥʹ
ХȻ
ۿƺ󣬳Х˵ʥʹˣԿ϶һ㣬ضǳһѪ򣬲ͨңҲճ
Ǭ½˿ں֮࣬Ǵɡ
ü
ʥʹˣ
Х˵иĸֵܽãĸĸֵܽãͨӵߣǳһ֮ˣÿ˶ͨǵѪͨɸģ˫ͨӵߣһͨҲȻͨ
סˡ
ĸֵܽã
ĸףĴ磬ȷʵͨӵɡ
ֻǣһЩ̫˰ɣ
ǣĸ׳磬ǻһƫƧ֮صˡ
Сɳ
ҵĸ׺ʹȷʵͨӵߣСǬ½һͷƫƧ֮أǳһˡ
ҡͷ
ʥʹˣǳһ壬Զʱڱв⣬ԣһ㲻档
Хֵ
ԣüͷ΢塣
һ벻ףǳһˣȻĸס綼ͨӵߣΪδ󲮳ۺŮأ
ʥʹˣǷǵˣһԱ֪ʥʹˣ
Хк
￴ɶһۣ˵ͷ
ǼѲӣҴʥʹȥС
ХԸˡ
Ӧŵ
˳ХڳХĴ£߶ȥ
Ƭ̣Хն䡣
֮£Ǳж죬һĴϿȣ̴д䣬Ũ
ֱһһ廹ҪԴ
Хô˵
ܿ죬һӰն˳Ｘ˵ǰ档
塣
ˣХ΢΢
ߣ
˱Ŀ⣬һһӹＸˣˣ
Хɫ䣬æ壬λʥʹˡ
ʲôʥʹˣХ㲻ᱻƭ˰ɣ
ü
Ȼ˲ӭǣȥ
Įɨһۣϵ΢Щŭɶƣն
ʥʹˣ
Хæ

ͺһֻ֮ϯХ𿪡
ڳ׼ȥʱ

˳ˣ֮ͷ֮ϯѷ˷ֱӳڡ
˫΢С
һʾضѣҲǰ
䣡
һȭֻ֮ŰֻذӰΣХ˵Ĺֱӽˡ
ûʵͱѧװƣ
Įɨһۣ̤ն
ɫ䣬Ϊҳˣ𣿡
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣǧ׳ͨѶ䣬һ˿
ʱظӦһµϢϿȸӶ
ת֮䣬ܣһӰΧס
㣬£
һˣһſ򱻳˵ˣ΢΢ü
ϣҳһ֮ˣ˳Хң
ɫһŭӳ
ţ
ɫһ䣬ӣ·ܴ͸˫
ʾأ
һ
ġֻʥͻƵغǵһǿߡ
ǿߣҲԿ⡣
ˣΪҳһ֮ˡ
Į
վڸ׳ˣҲǻؿֻҪһ£Ǳɱ֣ԷӲдĻᡣ
ͷӦһˡĪ
üͷ
Ҳ˵ǲһ֮ˣ񣬾ǣ壬ҲûȤڡ
ǳ㣬Ϊϲ
Ҷɱ֣ʵǿѾɱ
ɶƣȻǣ
㣬ô£
˿㡣
ɫһϣ˳ХҲų֡
Х
˵Ŀ⣬ԶڻĳХϡ
Хˣܵ˼Ĵˣ񻺹һϣᡭᡭλʥʹˡ
ʥʹˣ
üͷһ壬Хȷ
Ȼͨλϴ
ХЦ
һԵĳ㣬ɫѾȫˡ
ͨ
ԣĿԴȵؿ˳ˣͨ
üͷһƣûж˵
ֱӻͨ
Ѷצ˵ǰ
ʵϵ֮ݶ䣬Ͽȵضɽҡ
ͬʱڳ֮ˣ׷ײ
һȣͷ֮ϣһǧҵѳ֡
һͨɫֻǣͷצʱӹһ˿壬߰ͷ­ǳǳ֮
ͬʱ
Χĳһ֮ˣǵͨҲ׷ܳ⡣
ֻˣϵͨһǵͨҲڳ֮ͨǰ
ڡ
ɫѿޱȡ
ͨ
Ŀһ
ͨһԤһģһ
Ҵܼͨӣ
֮ͨˣΪʥʹˣ
ʥʹˡ

һʱ䣬֮˷
ʥʹˡ
ڶϵĴ£һ֮ˣ׷׹
Ȼһ⡣
㣬ʥʹˣΪβ񣿡
ɫһŭʳ㡣
ϣʥʹˣλεȳߡ£ûȷҳȻ񡣡
䣬Ȼ
ǲҪȥʲô֤ʵ
һ㡣
Ȼ
æ
𣿡
Ŀ⣬һȺΪ׵ϣڣȥ֤ԣһҪ󡭡Ӧ뿪ǳһ壬޹
ڳХͨһʱ򣬳ʶͨԳХǷ
ңҲʶԼпǳһѪ
ʥʹˣкҪ˵
æʵ
ǰ֮ǷʥʹѾ
ںʥʹ˭
ֻ֤һ
Ŀ⣬·𴩹ؿռ䣬Զĳϡ
ԭһĳ㣬ۿ￴˹ʶʲôһ


530 
֤ͨ
˫һĮ̺κθ顣
Ŀ⣬ȫڳϡ
ɫ䡣
ղô˵ʵҲǲͻ֮Զѡ
˭뵽ԷȻ˵Ҫ
һ̣Щˡ
ԣüͷ΢΢𣬡ʥʹˣҲûʲô
ûʲô
Цˣáõúܡҳֱ֣ɱ֣ҲΪʤѾɱХҲҪҪʲôƨʥʹʲôԹѵǹƨ
˵ɫޱȡ
ߣ
ǣɶ֣̤նкơ
ʥʹ
һס˳
ôӦˣ
ʡ
㣬¶ʥʹ˵Ǹ
Ͽ㣬Įޱȣ㣬Ǹ鷳
ʥʹԳһ̫ˡ
ɲԸۿʥʹʹȥ
һɫ䡣
£
Ǻε裡
ưвһԶˣ¶ɱ⣬˫ϥ΢΢һ䣬䣬Ծ֮£ʥʹˣҵĴ
һһ䣬͸¶ɭȻı䡣
㣡
ɫһ䡣
Ҹıˡ
¶ɱ⣬ﵭ˵ҸʮϢ䣬ʮϢ֮ڣҸȥǵǸʲô뿪
ɫǺ죬ŭƿСң
ҿû򡣡
Ц
Ҫ
ͨѶ䣬ϡ
ɲǼ䣬˻˰֮塭
ɢɭȻѪȵϢ

ֻǣûü֣ͱϻѹ
ʹߴˣǷأ
ٴʵ
ǻϢʱ䡭ʥʹɱġɱ֣ѵǳһ壬ûĹ涨õֻ˵ǵٴ˶ɱ֣ˣ
ﵭڡ
ϣ㣡
ܿ죬һ˿ǰһ߰
ϣʥʹڵĴˣ֮
˵

ʣµˣ׷ױ̬һʱ䣬֣Ͽȡ
ʲôˣ
֪
Ͽڣͷȥ
Щˣ඼档
ϣҪ
һ쳹ʣȻֹ
ǳ
ŭˣ
ߣ㣬ϲϣıͽˣҲǻã

ˣԳ㶼ܲ
߿֮ϣ㱻Ϻɱ걻ʬҲƽѷ֮
ʥʹˣ⣿
һ
߰ɡ
ﵭ˵
ţڶϵ󣬴һն䡣
˲˵ע
˭
϶Ǹƺ𾴡
ߣȥ֡

﷢һȺʮ塢꣬ն˸ش
̲סһ顣
Щ꣬ǿһЩģѾ侳ߡ
ģҲ侳ء
ǽЩڻ򣬻֪ˡ
侳ȴ޷ͻƵľ硣
Щ꣬ﵽˡ
ףȥˡ
һȺ꣬һˣȵ
ǲ˽ȥ𣿡
ʱɻ
Сһǣһλ˿ɲˣʥʹˡ
ȺһˣЦ
ʥʹˣԤеʹߣ
һ꾪ʵ

õӦУЩַˡ
ʹߣǶԣһء
˵һɽĶ֮ǰ
ˡ
ʱ̧֣֮ӿ
˲䣬֮⣬һɫĹ֡
һָڹϡ
ʱѪתֱѡ
˵Ĵ£߽˶ߡ
ڱж죬ޱȣ֮ڻǸħ֮صļ̳ڣҪʮ
۱һ
Щ̬죬һͬ㣬צ
Щĺ棬һλ顣
·˵ųһ崫еľԶ
ʥʹˣ뵽ǰȥ
ͣڽŲҲɶơ
һȥָĵطһΧƵģһ㲻Ͽʯ̨ƿ֣һҲ

һǰ
߽ЩģԸоһѹȶ䣬ֱ
ϣԶţԳ˵Ĳɣ
һֻ֮
ֻǣȴֻ֮赲ֱѹóüһʹ̲סȳ
磡
ɶ΢䣬Ҫǰȴ¡
Сӣ
Ҳһġ
Ȼ
ڳͷ֮ϣצ֣ҲɢһϵϢֶϢ⡣
ʱֻоһɡ
ѹϵƺȫͨˡ
˿
ţ
ͻȻͷһ
֣µĹŹ֣һ㣬Ծ󣬿Щ֣ʶЩ㱣ֱǰһڡ
ٴۣԼѾڳһڡ
ʲôط
һ㶡
ǰһƬĽӣѶ
Ȼ
Ӱڽ֮ϣˣĸߴ󣬲ŭ
ܿ죬һս
һˣͨѶצһϤĸо
˭
һ
ܿ죬ӵ֮ͨˣԷˡ
ҪԷɱɲǡ

һٻӰƿ
һλŮӣϢ
ڣԺɶȣ
ǳΪˣĵһòϺɶµŮӡ
ֻǣŮע档
ˡ
һƺˡ
ͨ飬ĳڣһɲǣɢϢղһѷ졭
Ϊͻƣһ̧֣ͽ¶Ķֺɱ
ǡʲô
ͫһһ̣о˵ԳԽǿߡ

ּ䣬һǿۣҷ
ֿ
ˣŮӣ§Ůӣ׹£˽֮С
·ҪŮӵġ
ɲǼ䣬ǰһԼֻص˳һ֮ڡ
һɡ
ղ˭һʲôϵ
档
㿴ʲô
ʱƵĿ⣬˳ϡ
ｫԼһ˵
ԣϸֳЦݣڿԿ϶ʥʹˡ
ţ
һ㶣ϣ֪ҿ˭
Ŀһ˵ͷϸֳľηǳһڡ𣡡

סˣ뵽֮ǰһĻͶĳһʣŵǸŮӣݼɣ
֪
һ

ﳹסˣǣ
ⶼô£
ѵӾǴ˵еġڽ
ֻǣһУƺǰڽص龰ȫͬ


531 
ڳͶϻڷ㶵ʱ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͻȻضɽҡ
ؿ֮ϣһѷ졣
ô£
üͷһ塣
ԤԹȻġ
Ȼ˿̣ȴһ˷ܡ
ʥʹˡ
кһԣңңı仯
磬ʲôˣ
ɶʡ
Ҳ֪
Ц
ţ
ͻȻüͷһ壬ʱ˿̣ظо֮£һǿĴھѡ
һѹֵڲϵ׳
ӭڻع飡
ʱ﷢֣ڣгһڵ˶
ƺƵ
Щ˵Ŀ⣬ѿĵ档
ڣѿݡ
ЩҲȻȥ


Ŀɿڴ
ʲô
֮£һƬ
һƬīɫ󡭡
ˮ
˫𣬻֮ǰԼһĻǳһڡ𡱱ݼ׹Ľӣƺīɫĺˮ
ѵ
һ뷨
ѵ
ӣڳһ֮£
ͻȻˮ
﷢֣ǹǿ
ѹЩ
ɶ
ܿ죬﷢ɶɫ԰ףܵӰ죬ֻ֮ӿɢסɶ
ɶɫ˼֡
ССӡɡܡɫѡ
Ƶɪɪ
ŷ֣Ҳǹ嵽ˡ
ֻ֣֮Ҳܴ
ͻȻ﷢ǹǿͻȻʧˡ
ӭڣ
ʱһˣԶ֮£ذݷڵء
䣡
ˮӿһӰ
һӣ׳˶Ļһλˡ
ڳ˯֪ʱѡ
㻽ң
ӵĿ⣬ֱӳ·ܽ￴͸
һ׻
ܺã֮ѾաѪܴһģ
ӵڣ޾ϡ
Ҳ֪
ЩΡ
㲻֪
üһ̣һǿЯ˵Ϣ˳ϣܽڡ
ˡȻûǼСӵϢ
̽Щɡ
ҵ˯˶ˣ
ʡ
Ҫʶϡ
￴һԵˡ
̧ͷηؿӣ˵ڣ¸棬ԶʱڣѾ㲻˶áֻܴ㣬Ӧϰˡ
ϰ꣬ô𣿡
ӱ˫һԭѾôˡ
㡭𣿡
ͻȻЩɵʵ
Ȼ𣬳𡯣
Ŀ˳ߵɶϣ̲סɫ䡣
ţ
һ㶡
ʥ֮壿
˫ѩ´½

ʱɫ䡣
ΪеľɫŮӣʼ֧顭ֻһ⣬ֱӶ
ã
ɫһ䣬ɶ
ˣ
У֣
ߣ
ͺһҲûʲô֮Ĵˡ
ʱһ⣬ɶڡ
ɲǼ䣬ɶΪģһɱ쫷磬ɨ
ɶ
ɫ䡣
ߣСһû£ֻڽݼû뵽ôȥһʥ֮ĴڡҲԵ
̾Ϣһ
ʲô˼
ü
ҵӣݼʥ֮塭
һһ˵
һ㶡

ʱһ̧֡
ʱһ˵ɽϣһʯ׷Ӷ
ɲǼ䣬Ҳûζһ֮ʯ֮ڡ
䣡
ʯըһӰ֮С
л֮
һλüˣӥǣޱȣ𣬹ڵء
һΪ̤۾أǬ½У˭ˣ
üʡ
ڣħ֮Ӵܶħ͡
ü˹ص
ħ֮ˣ
˫һͻȻ˫
ʱ˿̣ڣ
￴ɶɶѾָˣʱʵɶû°ɣ
û¡ڵǹһֺеĸоҵ𽥵ת
ɶҡͷ
ڣ˫Ŀ˳ϣһЦ廹ϵˡ
һ㶡
ʱ˿̣һִ֪ħ֮ص¡
Ǭ½£ͿԼˡԺǬ½Ĵˡ
ü˺һˣڡ
ڣҪ뿪
üһ
ͲǬ½Ҳķһ£ʱЩϼһˡ
ҡҡͷ
˳Сһ⣬Ҳ޴Ӱ㡭ϣպлټҵǺ棬̳ҺѰ۵Ѫδվںεȸߴ
䣬壬֧顣
Ӱ١
ڣ
üһһ֮ˣҲ׷׳
ϣ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ڵгһ֮ˣ԰ü
ϣ
Ȼ
ԭǳһĴϣֻǱħˣʯ֮С
񣬱ȡ
ʥʹˡ
ü˿
ϲض񡣡
ﵭһЦ
֮ǰ£Ҳ֪һʥʹˡ
üֵ
ٴҲˡ
˵
ļգΪɶͻȻչصԵʣ˳һ壬õ˳һ֮˵д
һˣóĵλڳһĴϡ
ϣȻǳһڡΪβأ
Զʳ⼸ɻ
̾˿꣬ǳһȷʵȻͻȻţΪ˶ڵĳңǱաǳ֮˱Ϊһֱա
Ȼ
ɶչأҲڳһֻʥͨͨɵħ͵졣
ڣ󣬳ﲽ˵ء
һΪʾߡ
һд裬׾پͽԷܣʶԼƾ۾֮£е֡
ɶȻûء
üЩġ
Сӣİɣɶ϶¡˵Щħ͵ǿϵµڵҵΪҲ侳ء
Щզࡣ
㻹˼˵ǵУ
ȡЦ
ﻹǵãɶ뿪ʱƵʵǵǿġ
ڣȴת˹
Ʒ˷ۣõòˣңҪԼһҲҪͻƵ䣬ָǰȫʢʱڵΪˡ
˵Щ
޺ȫ
ңƼһԭ
ޣһΪ侳Իγ״̬


532 ɽ
ʱۣ׾Թ϶
ָ꣬
һ壬аꡣ
ֻʥҲ˳˵ء
һΪʾء
ƾĪֻط򣬾㲻һĶϣҲѾĶ֡
߽˶ëѩһװ

ȻһǿϢ˲Գһֳһ塣
һ˿䣬Щѩڿɱ꣬¡
ɶ
뿪˾
Щıֻ֮꣬赲⣬ֺ

ԶһʤѩӰվ·Ů
Ӷȴָ͸ŮӵΪ
硣
Ůľګһ󣬲عӶ
ſ˫ۣŮӵ˻ɶΪ
磬Ҳ֪嵽ʲôΣѾݼȫΪԼˡ
ɶ˵
Կ϶Ѿ۾
̾
ջ񣬿˵ɶһΪ
ɶڳˡٲأСӹҪˡ
ʱһһµˣԶӶ
͸¶׺ݣȴһЦ
ǡƣ
ɶһӦ˵Ϣܻˣ
ˣұôɻΡһޣʱͿԻˡرһ壬ؾˣ侳ʱܻΡ
һڣûûˡ
ˣƣô໰ɶˣ׼ȥ
˵
ٺ١ɶСȻ̫ף˻ǲˣ㣬ԶǶȥҲ֪ôġ
ҡͷ˵
硣
ɶų֣ɽ˼֡
㻰࣡
һֶۣɶ˵ɶȥǰǿ
ٺ١СӣˣҾͲȥˡ
ƺٺһЦ
һǰݻ𣿡
û
ǣɶ֣ն뿪˳һ塣
ΪɶɱƮѩָԭ״
ʥʹˣ
ڳһϿѲӵĳһ֮ˣԳ
΢ЦͷɶһϿա
ϴαͬγ˲ֻû⵽һһӵܣ˽ǡ
ƾնһΡﵹҲֵС
ǣڱĳУöࡣ
Ȼϸڷ棬ȴҲûж
ɶת˼պ󣬻˳һ壬ƺ󣬾׼뿪ˡ
ʥʹˣ㲻һЩʱ𣿡
˵ҪߣԳˡ
ϣѾ˰ˡ
Ц
ת֮䣬ȥҲЩп
һĴţԶΪʥʹ˳
ڼ϶Գ

뿪һ壬˿
Сӣȥģ
з⣬ʵ
ɽ
˫΢У³֡
ɽ
ЦˣСӣȥѡɣ
ǰúòá
ӹһ˿⡣
꣬ġ
ʵĲã
ɽ
һȥѰ
նûпȥΡ
˵ٶȣת۾͵ɽϿա
ܿ죬ն˳ˡ

̤ǰһŭһ
ôɽ
ڳＸǰģˣǻµˡ
ӦѾħ͡
ˣ
ûлشˣ̤ǰһϯ˳ȥ
ɫ䡣
䣡
ʱԶգƶ
һΣ۳Ρ
ˣͫһ
֪䣬ϣһɿµɱ⡭
ǻʣ
ĿһӳĶµ˵ݡ
ɶҲ˵ϣϢ

ʼտʼЩ㶣Ƭ֮󣬷Ӧһ
ӣ
ûʣɽϵĴڣΪһħ˵ū͡
ֻǣҪֻ̡
·𿴵˻ᡭ
츳ͨȻǼΪͨ
ܵõͨʹԶݣնܾϴˢԼܵȥ衣
ȵĿ⣬ȻˣЦ
Ϊǹȥ
͹ֲˣ
ʵͺһףӿն
ߣ
üͷһֱӭȥ

Ŀ¶׹⣬̧֮䣬ѣ֮֮پطųֶ䡣
䣡
Ŀ΢䣬һȭ
ȭɽֻֻ֮طӭ˻ʵ档
˲䣬ʵһȭ顣
ۣ
³һѪɫ䣬˼ضų㡭㡭㾹ȻͻƵˣôܡ
ûʲôܵġ
ﵭڡ
ߣ
ɫɲ֮䣬ͷ֮ϣһӰΡ
һֻȼŻĴ˫˸â˫ÿһĴЯž˵ȡ
ɲǼ䣬ʧԭء
ӣһӶ
֮մѣÿһѷ죬·ȼȵĻ档
棬Ƿ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬һȭƽƽһȭɢ
ٴѪɫ԰ֽ˿̣ſʼ̽ȴ֣ʯ󺣡
㡭
ɫһ䣬ܵġܡ
ﵱȻ֪ʴ˿̵˼Ϊ۾
ֻֻ֮ҪԼ¶ΪΣ˸
ʣգ֮ͨʱ뵽нգ
˫һɱȻ
ɫԶԡ
ǰһУȫ󣬳Ŀơ
Уֻ֮۳ɽ
ģֻҪһ䣬ʱɣ
ಣ
ʶˣ֧飬ȴӴܡ
ӣ
Ŀһ㶣ֻ֮һ廯ǧӰ׷ȥ
䣡
ۿҪ׷ϻʣһɿµϢƾճͻ֮䡣
һˣˡ
˵ϣɢſµϢ
ǿߣ
Ŀһʶ˵Ŀ¡
ˣгͨӵߣһͨѰ
ʹ֮䣬˿ʣ

΢΢ݣǬ½֮ˣű
һ֪
Գ֮ΪǬ½ġ
ǡ
ʵͷ
Թۡ
Σ̲סЦʣôҲɽ֮񣬾ȻһħΪǿɱ
ɫһ
硣
˿̣ɶ˳ߣĿ˵ϡ
Ŀһ۾أ
һۣͿǰŮӵΪ
۾أ
һ㶣ɶ۾أ
ɫѿû뵽߻һ۾ǿߡ
۾Σ
ܿ죬˵һ˸


533 ħ
һߣһɿµϢųɶֶ䡭
ΪԱɶǿ
ǰ۾أΣֻһܳħ
ɳƵɽ
һʱ䣬ɽˡ
˶ʶɽˡ
رЩԭڻʵ˵ӣ񶼷׷̤նңңؿһĻ
ǿ߹ȻǿϢձ顭
һˣ̾Ϣһ
Ȼûʳ֮ˣ֮
˵
ţ
Ⱥ֮УһӰ̤նĿԶһϣסˡ
￴ˣһϳ
ˣĿĲ̺
һǵһ˵ӿ˵Ĳ̺
ֱ
ԶһѪ۵ˣңңųڣǸһĨЦ
Ҳǵĵӡ
ͳŲСìܵġѪǡǵǰĵӡ
Ͳ̺ҲǺͳһǵУ˳⣬ͨλս˵Ĵڡ
Ȼ˶ûгΪʵӡ
ںĿ˱̭
˵µˣɽ˶ѡ
˫΢УһĨЦ⡣
ֻһħ
Ҳ˵۾أ
վԶĵط飬ѷģΪѷ֮Ӱ죬ңңųߵɶսڡ
ɶɱжౣ
ɶģ˺󼸲
֪ˣ硣
ɶ˳صͷĿڶʱٲȻ¶Ĺ
ɱ㣬ֻһ
ͻȻɶ˱䡣

վԶɶͻȻһһڱߵĸо

ɶϣ׽˱Ӱӡ
ɶ䣬Χȫ⡭
һ̣֮ڣһɨ
գɲǼ֧飬һƬƬѿһ㡣
Ū飡
˵ͺһһ̤
ʱըѣ£ѷ˺һպڶպڶУŤתһУ·Я޾֮
ˡ
ɶҲˣֱֱУһ¶Ϣ棬ֱӳ֡
һ֣ɶɶΧ֮أٴη
ѣֻʣվڲãеİŮһˡ
վη

·һ紵ڵΣжסؿŮе棬֮У¶ֵĿ־塣
ħ
ɳƵſ־塣
Ŀ־壬һ̣ϵս⣬·ʧ

Ҳ̲סһ¶ȡ
ܿ죬ĿȻҲûݡ
ҡ䡣
˵ǣֳɬ
еĿ־壬ڲϵ
Ը⽻Ǵá
ţһ̧֣֮֡
ˣ
ɫ䣬ȴԵֿ˵ֱӱ˳ȥ

ʵ˻˺ѳա
Զһʵ˵ӣл¶־壬¶̾Ȼ¶ɬ
ûʣϵĴڣ˵ز
ꡣ
ߣôôǿĴڡ
Ѫɫѿ
ЩΪͻƵ侳أΪټɱԱ֮
Ҫɱֱ롣
ߣһ۾Ĵڣ
ңƺռɽ۾ħ˸ǿ

̺Ŀ⸴ӡ
գ䲻ȴҲûһо
ĳѾһˡ
ſ
Ŀ΢䣬һ˶Ļϣ
£Ȼҵæſ˻ʡ
ʣգͨգԲģͨҸһᣬܵһ㲻
͸¶䡣
棿
УĿ
֮ǰûнɽռʵʶֻһֱϡˣѾʤΪ
ԶЩ˵һƬȻ

̺һ㶣ΪҲͳߵŮʵǿ˭֪ھҷųĻ
ңƺ
³

Уɵͨ۳Ρ
Ƭ֣֮ɵͨһ

˾һ̰һ

ɵˡ
ۿ̧ͷɫ䣬תӣ
ʲôЦ
ͲǳĶ֣ʩչʮҲ
ӣ
һ
ˣ
ڳǰˣ

ѪǶųĿ¶ɭȻļʣ֮ȴ
ˣ
ˣµĴâХֻ֮ϴâ򣬴һ׹⡣
һ٣쭳Ѫ
ۺɫ԰ޱȡ
ʱǻնİ׹⣬һĿռѷ졭

ڻͷ֮ϣɢ롣
֡
䣡
̧֮䣬ʵ
ʣɽˣˡ
ԶΧ۵Ļ˵ӣһĿ⸴ӡ
رǲ̺Ѫǣǰһġ
һɱʡ
ѵΣ
ĲԸһġ
ʮʱ䣬ʹһ侳ߣɳ˿ɱʵĵز
Ǻεٶȡ
ؿԶİŮӣһҪɽҹãΣ
ɶĿ⣬˳ϡ
ɱ
Į䡣
ݣ
ڶͫһɲǣһ쵽µĽ⣬ӰΣ͸üġ
꣬ҷ
۾أ

Ŀһͷ֮ϣͨ֡
ɵڶ˵ϣ˸ʬ
ʲôˣ
̫ˡ

ԶĻ˵ӣޱȡ
˾̤ͨնӭȺˣ˲̺ǰ
̺þò
Բ̺ͷһЦ
̺Щ
ȥԳΪ⡣
ԳȴǸоһ
ǰʮˡ
̺̾Ϣ
㶼ͻƵ侳ˡ
Ц
ͱȡЦˣҶҪһȥˡ
̺Ц
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬Զ뿪Ѫ˵ıӰϣѪǣѣҲк𣿡
ҪΣ
Ѫһȥתʡ
ɨѪһۣûٴǿ̺΢΢һЦ̺ͷãʰɽʣµЩħˡ
ɽռݺ󣬶˵Ҳڴ˵ء
ɶİܿ콫˾˳һһԾͨɡ
ֻǰյĹɽ׻ָƽ
̺ʲô㣿
ʲ̺
̺Ц׼ؿҲ֪ˡ


534 ̹ų
̺еĵˣȻǿĵӯ
ǸӵŮӡ

üͷһơ
Ǿףһ·˳磬ãǻټ档
Բ̺һЦ
̺Ȼ֪⻰⣬ǵ˵ͷ
ţɶ뿪ɽ
ֱǬ½֮ضȥ
ȥĵطǱĵط̹ųǡ
ӳһĴϿе֪̹ųһ壬Ѱ۴ļ塣
оҪȥһ壬Ƿ
ңﻹ
йѰ۵
ܾãбջ
ˣ뿪ɽһ·
·ϣһЩħͣҲһһɱ
һ
ȵ̹ų˽ѰԼϵ˽һҵϵɶһ߱Ǭ½
ħͣףųġ
ҪΪԼ¸
һ䡰廹ϵˡ
Ὣħ֮سħͣһһɾ
ţԼΪټӵħɶҡ
ˣŲ컯̣һ·߶ȥ
Ȼ

һɼѪɱǵϡ

ͫһ
Ϥǰ֮ǰһ۾ţǴˡ
ˣڵȵˡ
һѪµˣ˳˵ǰ档
һѪһŻ棬˫֮䣬ȼųɫĻ档
Сӣҿһȫʬ
Ѫ˵Ŀ⣬˳ϣ纮Įޱȡ
һ
ԷȻΪ
գʶһ㡣
ǸӴܵħ֪ͣ¡
ҪͿûˡ
˫Ц
ЦϣѪ۷Ƽѹ
ѪЦɢµϢ
˿ɽǸ˲
۾أ
˫΢С
㵹е
ѪЦϵϢΧտʼ˺
˼ǰòŸɵһ۾ء
ƴ˸Ƿ˵
ʲô
ѪĿһЦ˵أԭи۾ء۾ҲͱǿЩƾǣɱ۾أ
ټأ
ɶ¶ֱͲͣħ֣˸Ĺ
ħ
ѪϵЦݣ̣ȡ֮Ǿ֡
ಣ
ûκγɣһתͷҲأֱԶݡ
ݣ
Ȼħȴɶֶ˺գֱӶ
͡
ʱѪɫһ䣬ѹʳָѪ
ã
һĻϤǸ侳صħͣǰѡ
¡¡
ѪǰѪ䣬һų
ţûεͬʱңңҳħ֮ʱȫΪСʱħΣҺξ壡
ɶջ˽ħ
磬ˡ
ɶŻֿϧ
Ҵˡ
ҡҡͷ֪ԷǸħһģ͸ж
ɥ֮ȮΪ壡
ƲƲ죬
ƣô˵ҸоѪʵɽǸ˻ҪǿѾֻ̤ˡħĳħɶнħҲδĶ֡
ȴô롣
ô࣬ǻȥ̹ųǰɡ̹ųǣǬ½ǱǻҪģ֮ΪǬ½һǡ
˫һת˻⡣
ߣ
컯ֱ̣ɶûʡ
һԭʼɭ
˺
ѷһīĴţźܳһӰǱѡ
ѪǬ½ϣǱѵˣ
һһ۵ˣת۳ѪĲԶ¶Цؿ
ܣֻ㣬ӵĻᶼûС
ѪЦʩչ˴ǰˣһλǿġѪħطղˡ
ˣ
һأѵǬ½û뿪
ҾʩչطҲӵ
Ѫҡͷ
ǡ
ü
һšħ۾أϣ˵ġӡݼϢ
Ѫֵ
ݼ𣿡
ü
˭֪أҺΪҲ൱ڵݼҲ۾أұɣ
ѪЩ¡
һʩչطҪһˡ
Ц

Ѫһ¶˾ġ
Ŷô
ʡ
֮ǸŮˣΪߵǸټŮӵĽħ
ѪĿޱȡ

һ
ˡպͻƳħ֣Σ
Ѫ˫һʡ
Ƭ̣˵ͷԡҪħԹ㡣
֪ħ
ԶѰ
ԡ
ѪЦˡ
һѵҲһ㣿
һ
Ҳ֪ǽħƷ֪ӦһƷԼһƷƷǷ
Ѫ˵
Ʒ
Ӷһ̧֣ǣѪ뿪ߣΪˡ
˷ȥɫͳɫӹʡ
ȸ׷ɶ
̹ų
ƿ˿Χһ㵡
ˣѾǬ½۾ǻһĻ
ǰĵطǻĮһЩ۵ֲڼǿš
Ӧòд
컯̣١
ܿ죬һ޴ĳУڳ˵ǰ
һռĳУô󡭡
ϡԿ֮⣬һӰӶ£ַӶ
ߣǽȥ
컯̣̤ն䡣
̹ųǣƺûܵħ͵Ӱ졣
Щȡ
̹ųǣǿơУ˵ۣšǿߡѵĻ˵ħ֮ӳħһ㶼ѡ뿪Ǭ½Ҳۡ
ﵹǲþȡ
̹ųǵĴſʣ϶ʮ׸ߵľˣԲͷ߽ȥ
̹ųǣӵļС
·֮ˣɫҴҡ
λ硣
һˣʻ
˭֪Էֻһɨƿֱȥ
ЩΡ
ôק
Ƶۡ
󣬳˻һҾ¥š
һľƲˣС
ӹСﲻզࡣ
һСǵ侳εĴڡ
ˣʲôԸ
Сǫޱȡ
С㣬̹ųôߣ
ʡ
ˣҪȥң
СЩȡ
ϾҾ̹ųǣҲǼΪԺյĴ壬Ǭ½Ѱ۵ĴС


535 һ
̹ųǳǱһһռعĸۡһĸۡ
һ壬С
һ·﷢֣̹ųУ侳繷侳ߡ
ɶһſʱܿͱһ˸
⼸ˣΪĶ侳أǿĸ侳ء
Ǻˣ
һļӵܣʵ
ǵҲΪԷ鷳ġ
ʲôЦ̹ųһ壬Ǭ½ҲŵϺŵģֵ÷зһȺħ֮صħͣҲҵ̹ųǷ
һУΪһĴڡ
üͷһƣҲû໰
̧֡
ʱһӵܾٴС

һ̣ϣһӰ۳Σ˷ɵͨ
һӵܣױɫ
ǡ
âͨ
Ǵâͨ찡

һӵ¶ȣͺǷ´½һ㡣
ڿԽȥ𣿡
˫𣬵ʵ
Ȼԣ
һӵܣæͷһˣǰһӭ˽ȥֵܣ롣
âͨ
ˣȻһӵܡ
Ҫ֪Ǳ壬âͨҲǼΪĴڡ
ҽֵ֪ôƺ
Ӧȥһӵܣ
ӵдâͨӵܣȥǱ֮ˣһ壬ȻҲõص
պλȻߡ
ҲǳһĴڡ
ȼ֮
ҽг
ͷһЦ
˸߽һ帮ۡ
һĸۡͺһԹһ˽ڿѰ·ҵȷ·

ͻȻڹսǴһձˣס
ι¡
æ
һɨˣȻһ侳صĴڡ
ֻһ£
һĵ̣ǿ¡
ˣҲεĿ⣬ĳＸϣüʲôˣ
Ц£λǳֵܣһӵܡ
ߣ
ɫһ˵һӵܾˣô֪Ǻ˵ģ
ԣüͷ
һۿΣЩ
һһۼˡ
ڣֱ֤ȷΣȷʵʲô
ι´ɷģλֵܣȻһӵܡΪСâͨ
϶
âͨ
ԣĿ˳ϣһš
ֶܱϳǴâͨ
⡭
ü˻ɣҲôˡ
ߣ
üһ

ɲǼ䣬ڳ֮ϣɵͨתɢϢ
εĿ⣬ȫеķɵͨĿ¶ȣȻǴâͨ
ι£۹һеġ
˫һʱز
֪ˡҽӴˣȥֵȥɡ
λ˻֡
˵ֵܣλһԺ£һȥɣᾡ찲ȥ峤Ҿȸˡ
ͷĿ뿪
λ
̰Ĺ⻪һţǰ·
Сӣοܲġ
ƵĴ˳ĶС
ͷҲˣҲ塣
ܿ죬˾ͱΰһĸУۡܿʮ䡣
ֻˣѾߡʹӹʹ
λڴԵȣȥϱ峤
θ˴һк뿪ˡ
Ҳĵش
һ塭
˫һǰҲû뵽ԼվǬ½۷Ĵ島Ϲϵ
ǳһ壬һ塣
һĵ̣һ̶ϣһöࡣ
㣬ҲӳһĴϿе֪
СӣܾǸοЩͬǡ
ü
ڿ𣿡
Цˡ

Ƶͷ
һߡ
δӳ˴뿪󣬱һ帮ۡĶߣһŵĴԺڡ
ϡ
ιԴԺڵ
һۣü͸¶һ˫ۣ˸˵Ĺ
Σôңʲô£
˿Σʵ
ϣһˣһѪ
λ˵
ţ
üв֤
˫һϣ֤
ΪΣ
˲⡣
Ϊâͨ
˵ü
ž
˱ںȲ裬εĻеĲ豭Ӧ顣
ȷ
һ˫ӣ貵ľ⣬Ρ
ȷ
æͷ
£ɻ֪
ʡ
Ӧֻнյֵļ֪֮ұ㽫ǰڸס¡
λ˵
úܺã£Ҳ峤ʹ֪֪
˻Ȼվһ˫ӣ¶貵Ĺ⻪
ҲǽܶܵõĴâͨպУֳߡպǽ峤֮λҲڻ¡
˫һ¶̰֮ɫ
еġܶΪܡ
ӡ
겻ʮꡣ
ΣǰˣһҪʲôֻҪܼȻ㣡ͬʱұһٹ⡣
ֿΣ˵
лϡ
æĵл
ˣڸۡд˼գҲû˵һ峤ټ
СӣͨһҲǼΪ峤ܵڻ㡣
ʡ
ûи֪һ峤һδ֪
˫΢΢𣬵һЦ
˼ǣ
ͫһô󵨰ɣ
˭֪أеΪһ˽ǿǲϧһд۵ġ
ﵭһЦ
մε̬ͿһЩ
Ȼտʼֻǲ²⣬ڣŻȷϡ

ͻȻ֮ۡ⣬һ
˵ܲٲܲٵ
ǺЦ˫΢С
ܿ죬ξͳڳǰײϼһ˿Цݣ峤⼸æڹ񣬽պòпգҽȥҪټ㡣
鷳ιˡ
ͷվ
ۿɶƸվһ뿪
üͷ΢ǸһЦ峤ֻһˡ
üͷһƣҲ⡣
ɶһһ뿪
룡
νӭ˳ȥǵһЦݣŨ
ıóѵζ
ι£˵һǿߣ𣿡
ͻȻʵ
ԣһ㶣ЦЦ䴫ţ಻š
ǿߣһ壬̹ųǣ˰ι£ɲ
˫𣬻
ЩΣȻҲµˣټԼˣҲûʲôһڣһλǿߡ
˵εһ˫ӣҲ¶˼Եľη


536 ǿ
ι£˵ڸۡôôȥˣ
˫ʵ
ԣɫһ΢΢һЦ峤Ҫסټ㡣
峤ͦҵġ
Цˡ
ȻǴâͨӵߣֻҪһ壬ͻΪĿĴڡ
æȴ
εĴ£߽һĸۡ
븮ۡδһ¹
¹̻ԻͣĿϾӡ
¡¡¡
ʱʯţҲ
ι£ǣ
˫һɻʵ
Σĺܺá
ʱһ洫
ܿ죬Ϳһ˳֣˵ϣһԼĪʮߡ꣬˽һʯϣĿڳϡ
ϣһƿµϢʼ
𵴣һѷ֡
㲻һ峤㵽ʲôˣ
ü
ʱѾ˵󣬸һӵܣһϣٶ񣡡
ϣ
һ㶣ʵι£㲻˵峤ټôǶϡ
һͷ˵Ҳûʲô峤֪Ĵڡ
ô˵һǵıˣ
ͻȻЦˡ
Цη£ЦϼĶ﷢ë
СӣҲ֪˭Ҳ֪ԺηһУҶûȤ֪
ϼϿڡ
ô˵ֻҵĴâͨȤˣ
һЦֿԶʯϵ꣬ӦǶϵĺ˰ɣôֱʣҪҵĴâͨ޽ӵϣȻ˵˴âͨ𣿡
һһ䣬ϼϵıúĿ¶ɱ⡣
ȻµˣǱװȥ
˫һµϢ𵴣֧顣
۾ǿߵϢһţ
Ӧ۾ص֮䡣
ĳӦɶͼ۾ϢҲѾԴԲ˵ĴΪ
ҵġֻʥ֡գ֣
һսڡ
һʾҶ֣
˲Ϣ˫һ
ϣôҲ룬Ϊҵڶûκξʧ롣
һЦ
ʲô˼
һͣΪܾúʲôطԡ
ΪҸ㣡
˫һֻ֣֮ӿС
ˣ
һ˺ѳգѷţֱӶ
ˣҲɫ䣬æһ࣬ԶԶ㿪
Ȼ˶㿪ȴ˳һİӣϵ£ֱӷֳ롣
ֱλһС˵־ģ
㾹ɱһ֮ˣ
˱ŰһƻӳӡΣ֮۹飬ѹ˳
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬̤ǰһֱӭȥ
䣡
Ժ֮£ƾС
ʱ˿̣ܵĲ¹ضɽҡ
һҲˡ
һʱ䣬һѸޱȵӰ绯һӰ˵¹ۡϿա
ô£
ϳˣ
ȥϣ

һʱ䣬һӰ䡣
ЩˣһˣܵΪǶϮ
ಣ
ȻЩȴǶˡ
ǵˣһµŮӣŮǵգһת棬վСһ򵱹ءĪơ
Ǻˣ
ԽԽһ֮ˣ۶ɫصؿŮӡ
ŮӵϣǸоΣյϢ
رŮǱǴһϢĸо
һɱ¾֮
Ǻɡ
䣡䣡䣡

ɲǼ䣬ǵصִµһĸۡһ̣·Ӳ

ԶգһӰ̤ն
峤
һȺһ֮ˣ
һˣݼ͸¶޾ϣһ֮˵İŮӣʣһ峤졯ǺˣΪεһ壿
ܿ죬Ŀ⣬˰Ůӵϡ
⽣ǽħ
ɫ΢
һ峤
Ůü΢ټҷ𣿡
ټ
һ˭

Ůӻ˵
Ҳ˵Ҳʶ
ҡͷ
ಣ
ʱһ˰Ůӵһ࣬ңңؿ죬ɶǻʣ϶һҪıȡСӵġâͨû뵽̹ųһˣҲ˱ɣ
˵ʲôâͨ
Ŀһɫ΢䡣
䣡
ʱһǱӰ
˵ĻУұһˡ
ϣ
쿴ˣһ㶡
չ
̧֣꣬Զһһӵܡ
䣡
ʱһӰԵص֮³
һˣڻɵ֮£һ޵ս
ȻҪҵĴâͨұ㣡
׷ˣǳ
֮䣬һŤתһɵӰ۳ΣâУֻعֻ֮ӰΡ
һ̣ҲС
´â۳Ρ
צ֣⣬ڣóﻯ˰֮塣
һϣֻоһϢϮɫ䡣
ס֣
챩һˡ
Ȼɶнħ
ߣ
ɫһУҲһ
ȻûɶĽħǿȴҲһ
ɲֻ
нӳ۾ȫѣ̻ɶ
ݣ
ﶯˣһƼµĴâХ
ը۾нǿߵһͷŶ
һϣҪӶݣȴ޿ӡ
оһϢ
ǷЦ
ֻǣܿ죬ǵЦݾˡ
һӰƾճ֣һϵм䣬ƾָסȫֵķɵͨ
ɵͨɢȥֻб˼
һ׷ԲԵˣվ·ڡ
³ǿһ
ǿߣ
һɡ
ڣ
ʱ˿̣ɶһս죬ʣʣµһ֮ˣ
СһĴâͨôѪ
˴üĿų
ֻǣɫȴΪѿϼһҪ

һϣٺϲø𣬾⻰ɫһ䣬һ
ٻ
ЦһĶϣͷڹղţҪҴâͨڣһܺ˵ģ
˵˵˭âͨ
Ȼ
һ壬ˣ
һЦ¶ӣ̤ն𣬡ɶƣߣ

һϮ׷ԲԣüĿˣӰΣ˳ˡ


537 ˼
üͷһ壬ˣ£
˿˳һۣ˵âͨһ֮ˣңΪβ񣿡
Ҳʶ㡣
ɫƽ

һɫһ䣬ȵҶ񣬰棬Ӧ峤ҲˣС̫뿪һδ档
ɫһɱ⾡ԣڶϵϣƥ򣬳˺ٻ㻹ʲôҴâͨԼû£߳ŭˣУӦŪҿɲһˡ
㣡
ɫ䡣
Сһƺҷ
˫΢Уƽʵ
֪һڣҺθɣһ塭ҽǼʶˡұҲûڣֻǷһ֮ˡǳһڳңҵķɵͨһʲôѰ۵Ĵâͨˡ
ﵭɨһۡ
ǳһˣ
üͷһ壬Уţ
ȻֻţΪһ塮ʥʹȻǿߣϳ
üͷһƣͷ֮ϣһѶצ
צ
ͫһȻô˵һһѪ
ɡ
ﵭ˵
֮˵ԼǳһʥʹݣҲҪΪԼһš˭֪ǰǶơ
ʵȻ֮ǰ˷츲صı仯
ǿǰһǲһ

ɫһȻ游ѪͨâͨǱעһˡô㲻ϣ
ǺǡҵҪǰһ壬ǿӵܵĴâͨõ
￴˵ʵ
˫һɱ
վڲԶһϣɫ䡣
ҵҪһɱǵĶϡ
￴һϣ˫˵
ڣѪˣҺʱĴâͨ
Ȼϣ˸ȸ״
Ѫˣ
Цˣ֮ǰҸʶ㣬֪ϼϡѪˣʲô𣿡

ﻰһ䣬ڳһ֮ˣһŹֵؿǵĶϡ
ʵٶЩųĻ
Ͼȷʵ̫ˡ
㣡
ɫһ䣬ˣڣҪΪ
˿ʣ֤ݣ
֤ݣ
ЦˣԶһϼ֮˿ŵ꣬㲻֤ݣĻ˵ҪҵĴâͨת޵ӵϡ
Ŀһƣϡ
ˣ
˵żŭ⡣
ڣѪˡҵֺΪ棡
ϼ⡣
㻹Ҫ֤𣿡
Цˣǰһ壬Ӵңʱһֱֵһӵ֤ܶңǶҵĴâͨȥһ峤·ɱһΣҴߣһգֱգŽҴλȥ
˵˫ۣϣϣû´ˣѾ㴦˰ɣôҲ뵽µˮ©ȴûѹңܴɣ
ʲô
Ļڳһ֮ɫ䡣
峤ǿһԵӵܣȥ飬ǰ˭һֵںδ
ʱһϵɫѿ
һֶ˵ڣǳ£϶ɵġһĶϣкˡ
ЩΪԼӵǰ;ѾɥĲĵز
Ц
һжֻƬ֮ʡ
ɫһ
ɱˣҪĶȫҵҪʶϣȴʲô
˫ۣͻȻЦˡ
˭֪ʲôı˼
Ϻߵ

ܿ죬һӵܣͻˡ
ǵɫѿ
峤ˣǰӵֵܻ󣬱㲻֪١
һӵ
ЩˣɥĲ񡣡
Ƿ⡣
ʱ˿̣һ˵Ŀ⣬һϵϣ峤졣
峤ǲԸһˣҰɣ
ɫһ
ϣ㵹ǽͽ͡Ŀһʡ
˿̣ˣεʬ壬ڶϸۡĵ¹Сϣ˳һ£Ϊλ
ߣԭǣ·ɱɥĲɱ
һ
Ȼڤ粻顣
￴ǰˣǰ£Σ
üͷһ壬˶һۣ¶˾ģһУƬ֮ʡڲ֮ǰʱöϱ˼
˼
һͣϸһĨȻһ֮ˡȻˣǰڣ
ǣɶ֣кһ̤նȥ
Զݶȥ
һΣ˲û
ڣѵǸɱ뿪
Ϸ߷߲ƽ
죡
ĿһĿ⣬·ܴ͸ϵ꣬ȻþˣζϺͿղɱ㣬ΪһϵĹϣͬʱҲϣһ屻ۣ
ӽ㲻һ֮ˡɣ
˵˵У˸ɱ⡣
ڣ㲻˵Ҫ׷˵𣿡
ϼˡ
òˣѾϼһ
ʱһɫ⣬ߺХ䣬һڵļϡ
һֻޣһ˫ӣ͸¶ɭȻ⣬ĮضŶϡ
ǰν˽еȥҽɱʬ𼣡Ϊ
̧ͷ­ߵ
ɫҰס
ôҲû뵽һУߵֻ޿ˡ
§ԼԹȥӣЩʧǵ뿪
һ˫ӣ˸ų޵Ĺ⻪

ΪǸ
һһ߳һ壬ڶϵϣһɹϢ
ڣѾħļǡ
쿴ˣӹһ˿⡣
ΪһȥĹ׵ķϣһᡭպħǸһΪУһһֽɱ
ҡҡͷûУ̾һ
ϧкòһâͨӵߣȴ뿪ˡ
̾˿޳
뿪һ󣬱뿪̹ųǡ
Сӣȥģ
ʡ
ԭ
Ŀһ˵
ɶü΢ԭİڣں˱ļ䣬ڼԭһиС

컯֣С
һ컯̻һ⣬Ӷ
תʧʡ
ڳʧĵطһӰֳΡ


538 ٱ
ܿˡ
ˣǱˣһڣλǿߡ
ҲѰ֮
ԭ
һΣԭоֺһβͬ
һΣΪѰҡһΣǴΪ㣬Ǭ½ġħ͡
ܿ죬һ˾˱
򣬱Ϣ֮أһΣȴ⡣
طɶȻ˽⡣
ɶĴ£һԭϢ֮ضȥ
ʱɱ£ҲɶĿе֪ˡ
ಣಣ
ٴԼϴαĵطĿ΢оӰԶӶ
һ͸¶ϢŮӡ
ˣʵǿ侳ء
ԶϴŮܱȡ
ŮӺܿ˳˵ǰǿɶʱһ㶣ʦã
ʦ㣡
ɶĿһں˱һ۾ϳŮ
ʦãʦ뿪ʮˡʦأٲǱɾҪˡ
һŮӣЦ
ʦ𣿡
ɶĿһ̾˿ʦ㣬ʦȥˡ
ȥˣ
Ůɫ䣬ҲǱЩħɱǵı˵ӣЩħɱֻʣЩӣҲҪкܶʦãЩħˣƣҲǵħơ
ԭΪʦһжˣû뵽ʦҲ
ŮӵϢһɲǣЩή
ʦİɣʦڣһһƬ徲
ɶ˫һ˵
㣿
Ůԣ̲סɨͼ̽ɶĵϸȴָ͸ɶ
ʦá㡭ѵͻƵˣ
ŮӵźȻ
ǰɡ
ɶͷһЦֿߵĳ˵ʦ㣬ҵķ

ŮϵľȻûʧƽ˼־ȡ
ǵڳϣҲʯʱ𶯣֪
һʾϵĴڣ
λʦá
΢ЦԶŮ
ŮʱЩ̿֡
Ƕԣǰ֮ˣʦõɷ򣬲ˣɱϾҲʾεĴڡ
ʦ㣬߰ɡ
ɶԶŮ˵һ֡
ʱֶ̧֣֮ŮҲǣ컯ϡ
һ̣컯̷ɳת۾͵Ͽա
˸ߵĳʽ˵ע
Ȼ඼ԭڱʵ˵ӡ
Ǳʦã
ʦû˵ʦҲˣ
ʦأôû
һʵӣ̲ס
ߣʲô
ʱһĮԾ֮£ݶ
һںµˣӿնĿ⣬ܿȻˣԶһɫӰϡ

һ¶̰Ĺ⻪
СӣԺ͸Ұɡ
η壬̤ն֮ɨ£ɶ
ߣ
Ŀһ粽
ˣ
ֻ֮ɵâХ
ѣ

ϵа֮ɫɲǼ仯˾֮ɫһ
Զնһ̺ĿϢȻסˣ
ס֣
ʱһ˷
Ŀһ䣬Ӱ죬âХֱӽ˴£ն롭
䣡
һȭճһ

һ̣ͷ֮ϣһɵӰΣϴ˸ʬŽտ
տСһѷ죬𽥱պϡ
·ûгֹһ

ʱͳһʵӣԼԶļʵӣͫ׶̲סһ
ϳ˳
գλսʦˡ
ͨǵʦ𡰱ʡҲ졣
û뵽յǸ侳ߣȻ˿µʵ
Ȼɱʾħˣ

ʱ֮УһӰ۳Ρ
һͷҰ׵ˣ˫죬ųСӣ㾹ɱҶ㡭
üͷһơ
ˡ
Уɵͨ۳Ρ

˷ŭȣɲǼ䣬죬ڳ֮ˣ˱ɶ컯ϵƺŮʵ˵ӣǷ׷ɫ䡣
ΪһЩģ³˼Ѫ
ʱ˿̣̤մѣ粣顭
һ̣ڳı˵ӣɫ䡣
ƺʾ
ʾأҲû¡
ѵѵ۾ǿߣ
ţʦҲδĶ֡

һЩʵĵӣ׷Ӧ˹
ʼգǻû˳֣һֱ˵ĶӣǸǿħūǡ
ԭΪҲʾǿߡ
ȴû뵽ǻСˡ
һԽʾ۾ڡ
˵еĴۣ
磬ɡ
ɶͻȻ̤նﲢ˵
ɶҿӦ
ȻΪɶ޷Ըˡ
ֻ֪ǣϾҵġҡ
ɶ˵š
óһִһվǰĲɶǱ
ȻͬһˣԸЩȴȫͬ
ˡ
ͷ컯̣ңңɶ
һ㶼ġ
ɶʵټϽħ
۾۷ĴڣҲһս
Էûϵ⡣
Ǳʦá
ʦҪʲôԷ۾Ĵڰ
ʦã㲻֣嶯

ٱʵĵӣĵ
һ
ѹɶҪ˵ļҡ
ûнˣһֱ
ڳЩʵӣȴʵ
ʦ
վ컯ϵĶŮһġ
ﰲολʦģɶӦ
ǣƺ۾ڡ
Ů޷ġ
֪
ͷ
֪
ŮסˣȻ֪Ǳȥʦð
˵ͲϹġ׵ˡϲʮҲɶĶ֡
ü˵
ɶ
Ů⡣
ɶǿеıʦá
Щͷ
ˣԭڣرǿɶһŮ֮Ҫһսʱи¶ֲм
ֻǣɶƾճֵʱɵˡ
ħ
ɫ䡣
ʱ̲סɨ̽ԷΪ
˭֪һ̽飬û
䡭۾أ
˵ɫΪѿ
ֻ۾أ۾һصĴŽħҲɱ
ڣŮȴ۾صĴڡ
Ͻħ
ȫɱ
ݣ
뷨Ҳһʵˡ
ɶһӶž޵һ·ܵ񷣬ѷɶһն䣬˵ͷ­ֱնϡ
ͣ
˵Ӷݡ
ߣ
һ׼ͨӳ


539 Ѫ
ľͨн֮ͨܡ
֮һݵֱ꣬ӱɱ
һ̣ͨ㣬ٴһɻɵһɡ
䣡
һĳѷֳ˵ʬ˽ȥ
ʧƬ֮䡣

ʱ˿ֳ̣һƬš
ʵ˵ǣȫɵˡ
ۣҲǴ˵еĴۡ
ȻôǿĴڣת۹򣬾ͱɱˣ
رЩʵĵӣһĿɿڴؿһʤѩŮӣǱʦ𣿡
ʦ𣬿Ҳû˿µ
˼飡Ҳΰɣ
ҵԸΡһУġ

ʱ˿̣컯վŵŮӣҲ״ˡ
ʦãʵ
ʦã
Ǽʵĵӣӭؿɶ
ʦ㡢ʦ㡢ʦ㡭
ɶԷһһк
ʦãʦأʮǰʦһʧ٣һȥôãȥˣ
һŮ̲סʵ
ʦ𡭡ˡ
ɶ̾˿
һʱ䣬ճ
һŮӣһġ
ʣǵʦ𣬾ôˣ
뵽Ǭ½ĶȻˡ
ڵǬ½У˵ʣۣҲǲա
һȺʵӵд£Ҵ
ͬʱ
Ҳ֣ͨлƺ˼Ϊԣĵز
Ⱥնɱ۾ǿߣþͨ
㿪ʼЩԴħ͵ֻʥ
ɶҲߣһͬ۾ħ͵
ʱۣ籦Թ϶
һ󣬳˫
΢΢ȭԸܵʵǿ
ֻʥأ
˫ѩֻʥ˵أҲζʵɱ۾صĴڡ
ųϵϢ죬ɶҲת˹
ɶ㡭
زɶЩ仯ͻˣ
ɶͷ΢΢һЦݼʣһ˿ټͨڵǿͻƵ۾ء
۾أ
΢

һ˾ͨ
ʱҲ˹
ɨƵΪȻҲͻƵ侳ء
ͻˡ
Щδ
ԺҪȥһطҪҪһȥ
ơ
ȥģ
һ㶡
Ĺ
˫һ
㡭ҪȥǸŮˣƲµˡ
š
ͷ
ǵãĹǸŮӳֵͬʱҲӦ˶ԷһͬʱҲġ
ʱΪҪԷæ˵ҲҪá
ȴû뵽Ҳʮʱ䣬Լһʵ
ҲȥˣǽٻҾˡҼǷͻƵ侳ء
˵
Ҳá
ͷǣɶֱ֣뿪
ٴĹ̲סЩꡭ
գһʱֻ侳ߡ
ʵѾԱۡ

ɶĹ֮⡣
߿֮ϣһƬڵһϮµŮӣֳΡ
ǰ
æ
ȻҲ۾ǿߣ֮ˣΪΪĿˡ
ֻǣ˿̵Ůӣȴûп
ɶ
㡭ϡᡭݼϢ
Ů΢Щ
ݼ
һ㶡
ѵŮʶݼ
ֻǣݼԶʱڵ
ŮʱĴڣҲ̫˷˼ˡ
ˣǺЩǿħһʱˡ
ҽݼ
ɶں˱ļ䣬ҲʶŮӡ
ǰ
ʱʱؽ𡱵һһ˵ûκ
ԭˣҲ컯
Ůӿ˿ɶ˵ͷͬΪʥ֮壬ݼ̳ٺòݼ𣬿һڵȴԵˡ
ǰʶݼ
￴Ůӣʡ
ҲʶݼʦţȴݼܲɷֵĹϵǸʦŵĿɽʦݼá
Ůӻ˵
ԭˡ
ȻֿŮӣżɽǰϴɱۣȴ֪˭
ôɱ
ŮĿƣڳϡ
ΪĿһ۾ء㡭
ǰ֪Ǹ۵Ĵڡ
ֵ
Ůӻ˵ͷΪƾȷʵлɱ㲻ܣټӣҲڽӡ
˵Ů˫ӹһ˿⡣
ͬȥҵҪġ
Ṳ̊ն
ɶȥ
磬Ҫɱ˭
·ϣɶʡ
ҡͷҲ֪ҵӦġңҲ˵Է׼֮ˣѪɱ֮ˣ
ɶͷ
۳ʲô֧֡
ڡ
Ǭ½
ӽƬ֮Į֮أһƬȺɽ
Ⱥɽ֮ϣƣԶԶȥ˸оһļ¡
񣬳ɶŮ󣬽Ⱥɽ

ɲǼ䣬ŮӵϣһɭȻϢֶ䣬Ⱥɽڡ
ಣ
ܿ죬һѪµˣ̤ն
һªˡ
ȣΪ޹
üͷһ壬Ůӡ
ȫŮߵĳɶӡ
ȣ
￴Ůһۣ֪֡
Ѫ棬գڡ
˫һ˸űɫĹ⻪Ȼ
ȣˣ㲻ɱҡ
Ѫ治Ϊ⡣
ǲɱ㣬ɲҲ˳֡
˸
ѪһŽĿ˳ɶϣͬʱɨ
һ۾أһ۾ءãɱֻħ۾أ
Ѫ̽鵽ɶΪһм

̤Ҳ໰
ܾ;кܶҪȥ
ɶ̤ͬն
ȻѪʵ֮ǰĶ˺Ѫ۸ǿ
ǰֻ̤ˡħǿߡ
ħͬǿߡ
ˣ
У֡
£컯̳֡
Ųȷչ
Ǭ½ôݳ޵ۣûС

ѪͫһЩȣȴû˿˼ɡ
ݣ
ʱɶУ˸ϢĽħҲˡ
һ
ʱѪɫЩȴҲûлš
һ㡣
ɲֻ
ѪЦһУһ˸ɺɫѪɫһ˿˿ɱϢ
Ҳһ
ɫȻ䡣
ɶɫΪء
ֻħǿߣ֡
˴̫ѹ


540 ߵλ

ѪѪƳһ˲䣬ΧգһѪϢ
ġѪ򡱣
Ѫ棬㾹
ɫһ
ȣձ˵Ƕ˳֣֣ҲδؾҵĶ֡
ѪһЦЦſЦ⡣
ôΪ
˫һ
ţ
Ѫһ

·һ󾢷ɨ΢΢һ
һ̡
⡭
￴ǰһĻĿɿڴ
ѪеѪƾʧ
ٿȡ
ѪǱ
Ѫ棬㲢ûеõϿɡ
˫һһ̧֣ѣһѷ֡
һ̣һס
Ѫɳѷ֮󣬱һ˽ȥʧ
ûˣ
סˡ
Ѫɫ䣬ֵؿȣ㡭㡭ʲôʱͻƳɡ񡯵ģ

ѪĻɶȡ

ѪۣҵҪ㻹Ƿܵǵ֡
Ŀ䵭΢΢һЦ
㣡
Ѫɫ䣬ֿɶĽħֻʣһͷ
ӣ
ֻǣܿ죬ɫ͸ѿˡ
ѪۣҵĲɱ㣬ȴûĲֹӡҵǺ棬Ƿߡ
ȵݶͺѪĴ
Ѫɫһ䣬ѪϢ죬ˮһս
䣡
Ѫ泤һӣµգֱӳ硣
컯һ׾پͶ㿪ѪĹ
ʶˡ
컯ȫٷУٶȲ۾ߡ
ѪʵȻǿֻҪûƾ裬ͱ׵á
ݣ
ɶˣϢ̺Ĺֱ֮Ӷ
ħЯ˵ϢѪ档
ͺһ綾Ķߣһ㡣
ǡħ
ѪоԼ궯һŮеĽ£Ժ˲Ǭ½һ
һλǿУȺħ
ħ
ħµħ˵ǲ
Ĺƫаķ֮ƫħԣħһ̶ϽƵġ
ҪҲҪ汳
Ѫǣ飬һѪɫĹ⻪ǵΧĿռ䡣
һʱ䣬ǳɶס
СģѪ򡭡ǴѪ򣬷Ѫ֮У޵еĴڡ
ȵĴ˳ĶС
һɶһ
ǣסɶ֡
Ƕ
ѪѪ֮УȻһɫ⣬ֱӳ˶

컯һųɶת۷ɳԶ֮ء
ɳܿͷ֣ԼûӳԷġѪ򡱡
ݣ
ɶˣħӳȫʩΪȴҲ޷ѪѪ
ûõģ
ѪУ˵⡣
һҲʶѪѪ򣬷Ѱơ
Ѫ֮ڣܵġס
һС
ֻܿˡ
˫һзɵͨ۳Ρ
ͬʱǴâС
âǵλսȴҲĵ֮棬ӵе֮ȫԡ
Ͼĵ֮壬׷ףҲԴڷɵͨ
â򣬼̳˵֮޼᲻ݣﲻƵԡ
ݣ
̧֣ɵͨӶ
۾ƾħ޷ҵѪΪһ۾أãҵġܣ
Ѫտʼ˳Ūú˾˲˼顣
ֻ
ѪѪ򣬴˿̶һ
һķɵͨ͸Ķ
ɹˣ
Цˡ
ݣ
ɶһʱ䣬ͻӶħϢ绯һСͺ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫ֧飡
ܵġ
Ѫؿųһġ
ûʲôܵġ
ĿĮ
ĴâÿѪѪ
ѪվҲĲԸ
ݣ
ĽħӰΣ͸Ѫš
Ѫһ֣ͱԾͨɱ
ף
ܿ죬﷢һ⡣
ǾѪȻҲħ֮ˣɾͨǹȴƺûκȤȥ
ѵֻдħ֮سħͣͨȤ
һ
ѾѰ۵Ĵâ򡣡
ȷ䣬˳ĸңңؿų
Ѱ۵Ĵâ򣿡
һ㶡
ȵ˵ͷ꣬Ѱ۱ƾâͨʹâ򣬼Ǭ½֮޵֡
֮޵У
ĿһѰ۵ľɡ
ǰҺܺ棬ʲôطȥˣУħ֮سһȺħƺҲӰ٣ֻһȺħ͡
￴ȣʳе
ǡߵλȥˡ
˫һ˵
ߵλ棿
ﲻ⡣
ߵλ棬Ƽλ桭ǿƣǵѰۣ˸ߵλ棬ҲֻǵײĴڡ
Ȼ˵
ѰۣײĴڣ
סˡ
̲סǰһЩС˵С˵ʲôɽ磬磬ͷʼڡ
ѵߵλ棬ҲƵĴڣ
˵Ǭ½ﵽ۷壬񣬵ǸطҲҪӵײһ
ЩԺ˵ɡɱѪ棬֮䣬Ҳˡ
ȶԳһͷ֧飬ʧ١
ֻʣ³˼
磬Ǹߵλ𣿡
ɶʡ
ͷ
ܿ죬Ȼˡ
ʲôߵλ棬ιأ
ԸǬ½ΪͷҲԸ⵽ʲôߵλȥβ
ǴġŰ
Ǹߵλ棬˵Ĵڣԭ񣬼񡭡ȻҲһЩ۾ڡ۾ڸߵλ棬һĴڡ
ɶ˵
Ҳ֪
һ
ʱ
ȼѣҲƽ̬Դ
ȣһλǿߡ
ѵҲǡ
һ
̫
һɶɶȥƽӳȻһ·ħͣһ·ؼҡ
ɶͷġ
ӳ֮󣬳һ·ӱ߿ʼɨ֮ħ;
ûħڳɶߡ
ͨҲʱ̱ųӯ
ͬʱһһ϶С
ܿ죬ǾǬ½̹ųǵڡ
̹ųΧתһȦɱ˼ħͣĿ⣬ߡ
֮صĴڣ
֮أ˵۾Խ룬ûܵΡȺħ衯Ĳ
һ


541 ͨ뿪
֮أвٳﵣĵˡ
似
뵽֮أֲ˹似
ġѵצǹ似ɵӾŲ㷢
Ȼˡֻʥɾֻ֮һ̶ϣͳԽǬ½ġ򡱡
ԣǬ½ѵצ޷õֻ֮ϡ
ﻹϧһ
ܿȻˡ
СֻʥΪҲô죬ң㲻ֻ֮ҲԶͬȼ۾ڡ
һ·ϣ֮ħ;
ܿ죬Ǿ͵˶ϻӸ
˿̣Χħͣ¾һա
һ·վͨظоԼþܲ롶ֻʥĵڰء
ʱӵ۾ص

ĴϿڣͨ
ɶһ𣬳С
ҲһԵĴʯϣһ̰žͨ
һ·һʱ䣬ƵΪҲ侳ء
ͻƵʾҲֻǰ벽֮ң
ţ
ͻȻ˫
֣ͨһ˿¶ֱ
̲ס̧ͷȥ
ֻͨԭ谵ĵ㡢߲͵ڰ˲㣬˸һ˿⡭
һ
һͷ
ѵͨҪͬʱ㣿
أͨͻƵ侳ġ
һ·ͻƵ侳ʾ۾ͨȴû̫ķӦ
ͨʹâͨӶϸ΢ı仯
Ψֻоͨû˿仯
ó̲ס룬ǲԼûͨ
˿̣ͨ뿪̫𺳡
㿪ϡԿһī⣬ֱԼϡ
ɲǼ䣬ͷԼ
ͬʱͽǣʼǧֻܶ
һǿסʡ
ʱ߲㿪ˡ
һɫ⣬ųüľ˽ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ǳҲƺһ
һ̣Ȼء
˹ȥ
ֻгԼ֪Լûȫԣ˿̣ʶϡԿɶһҲ޶
ͬʱʶɢ
ϻӣɽΧһС
ÿһ˿ϯλı仯
ѵɫıҵꣿ
΢
ͬʱͷֱ·ܴ͸޾谭һƬԭʼɭ֣һɽ

ɽ￴һλˡ
ߵѪۣǸǿħ͡
ֻˣɽﻹһˣһ۵ӣҲһۡ
ʵѪ
﷢ֻ֣ҪԼ룬˵ΪȻûκ©ر̽鵽
˵ΪǳħҲ֮ң
û뵽Ȼ
΢
ţãˣ
æջԼ
˿̣֮ԭʼɭһϮһɫӰ֮Уɨüͷһ壬ܡҸղԲһ˿
ǹϢҲһļ¡
𣡡
ʱһѪɫĻӳգӵǰôˣ
ûʲôҸӦˡ
ҡͷ
һС
ѪüͷһȥҸоãӦþͿԳ׳ħ˵ܸǰħ
ˡ
м
Ͽڡ
ô£ҵꡭ
ﻺػع
һġ
߲ͨɫ⣬üĺ󣬷·ֱ꣬곹ںһ𡭡
ԸоԼÿʱÿ̶׳
һһΡ
ţ
ͻȻָӦ˹һĻ
λ֮еľͨǵڰ˲Ҳˡ
һ
ڰ˲ֻʲô
ʱ˿̣ӦԼı仯ʶͨĺɫ⣬ڸı壬ǿ
Ȼ޷壬ɨظӦеı仯
ǿһֿµĵز
ɱ䡣
߲׳ꡣ
ɺ档
ڰ˲ֻʲô
ɻʱ֡Ӧָ컯̺Уܵʲô뿪ָ֮С
ֻˣɶָĽħ˿Ҳ˳ȥ
ھͨΧԡ
ô£
ǲ⡣
ܲµһжͨڰ˲Ŀء

ʱ֮ͨϣ͸⣬ֱ档
ʱʼ
Ĺ֡
µϢʼ
컯̡
컯Ȼģûʲô仯ɫȴø䣬Ȼˡī̡֮ɫ
ֻˣظӦ
컯̵Ϣȫˡ
컯̣ȻݳһɲɣϵϢ
óʼϲ
컯ɱ䣬ٴָ档
컯̣ƺǿˡ
ﰵ
ʱעֱС͡ħ
Ҳڷɱ䣬ֱͨڰ˲Ĺ󰵵ǲɱ䡣
С
ͱ͸У˿̸оˡ
͸չϸֲеĴڡ
µУ͸
̺ķԼɢϢȴóеһļ¡
Ȼǽħ
ĽħȥħŰħ·ȫ޳
Ҳʼֳģ
һεɫ档
ͨȻɣͺδһ㡭
ʱ˿̣εɫ棬϶һ˿˿ϢȻһɫУеϹ
ɣϢϯϿȡ
﷢֣ɶͻȻˡ
ɱĽħ£ɶС
ɶϣ־֮ɫ
ħ־һֹͷĸоʶ⻹Ǳħ
ʲô
ɶеľԽԽŨ

ʱУһص˳ָ档
ǲ𣿡
ɶɻ
ʱĽħָһָо
ڵĽħǰǿ̫࣡
ڣһӣһֿ˺ǰһеĸо
ָо
ʱɶַ֣֮ϵľͨǵ߲ɫ⣬ͻȻ

ʱ˿˹
׼ȷ˵¿Լ塣
磬ʲôˣ
ɶʡ
ɶһ˵뿪һ󡣡
˵ţ𣬽ͨҲߣתʧʡ
Ƭ֮͵˶ϻӵϿա
䣡
һȻֱ׹˶ϻӡ
һĻָպñһСʺϵļ˿ˡ

Ȼʺͣ
찡Ȼ˵ϻɱ
׹ϻӣϵǿߣȻʮ



542 ġħ
Сʺ棬Щ¡
û
ͻȻһ˺´½ضŶϻӵĺϡ
ôܣֻҪϵǿߣɣ
һ˲Ϊ⣬˹ȥ
ֻǣһۣɫ䡣
찡ʲô
ղǸ׹ϻӵˣȻڶϻӵĺϷڣȻһ·ϻӻٵǳࡣȴû˿ƻ
ϴ衣
һˣݺݵ˿ĭ
ǽĺţ˸ڶϻϴ衣
ѵһλǿʣ
ֻܡ
ǻ뿪ɣƺˣǿҪùˡ

ʺֱӷ롣
үǣȻһϴ衣
һۣʺȥķһ񺮡
ȴ֪ԷȤȴġ塱
ڵ㲻תֻ֮Ȼ޾ϻӵĺˮ
ĿһЩȡ
ϻӣǿ߿ԽУȴҲǿ
ǿǿȴҲǿһϡ
ǿߵѰûʲô
ڣȴǴϻӡ
Ǭ½ûеڶ㡣
ϴɾˡ
̤նһ֣϶һ·
ղŻָƿȨ󣬾ͷ֮Ҫų
Ȼѡ˶ϻӡ
ϻӣˮԴ
ٴλʱѾˡ
ƣûͻƣ
Ц
ҵ֮Ѿٽ㣬ѵĻǰ֮ɱ䡭ҵ壬Ҳأֻе˾أٽһǷ֮
ҡҡͷ
ҲΪ̫ˣ°֮ϡ
ͷ
Ƶ֪һ
ƣϾͬɶ
ԴڡֻʥǬ½Ĺ֮ϣֻҪֻʥһ磬ֻֻ֮ط򶼻õ
ֻˣֻعµĴâҲܵõ
ɶɶܵݼһĴУݼķ֮
ɶԣݼȻȴһƲл֮꣬۾ļޡ
ҪľΪ
ֻҪΪ㹻Գ񡱵ľ硣
ֲôá
ƺߺ
СӣѾɳĵزҲ̲סЩꡣ
Ǹʱ뵽Щ
Ҳ֪ǵˣԼڻδһΪ
Ͼ˳壬Ҳ᲻ڳġԵ
Ǭ½ϣԵߣ⣬޽У˵ĳҲΪ
磬ħ
ɶĿеϡ
ĽħѾȥģ
ﻹûڣƾ̲סɶôˡ
ɶЦҲ֪
ɶħѾǰĽħˡ
֮䣬ȡԼ
컯̺У֮ǰȫͬˡ
ˣ
һһʱѡ
⻹ǳûֻ֮
Ҳ˵ھһͨˣôһӣ˺ա
ﵹһ
ʱ˿̣ظоеĿ¡
񣬾һͨˣƾУ¶ɱʾµߡ
еƷӦˡ
һ
ȥҲʶԼе컯Ҫǿ
ڣ߶õ˼һˡ
ݣ
ɶҲħһûӶѡ
⡭
ͫһǵʲô
ｫ֮ǰһ˵
ɶͷȻ
ɵˣ춢ųðһ䣬˹ҲˣͨҲǹ
ɶħҲ̥ǡˣȡְɡ
Ц
ɶͷƬ̣ſڣͽδ뽣
δ룿
һ
ɶһ˵ҼǵãҺСʱ򣬲һ塭ϡǵãҾһΪδ빬ĵطʱ̫Сˣȫǲˡ
δ빬
һ㶣ѵǬ½ĳǬ½ôֻ֪֣ҪƺҲЩѶȡ
Сӣȥλǰˡ
ư˳һۡ
Ȼ򣬡ǰѡ
Ѳ˵ġ
ɶҡͷЦǰҲʹÿζĬ˼ɡö֮Ҳûٶʡ
Ĭ
ҲʶпʲôأȻѱ˵⡣
ɶң벻£°ɡ

ɶ˳ͷ
ˡ˵ǻҪ鵽ʱ
һ
ƣǼʣˣǰ˵ȥһֻĸҪҪҰң
˫һƣǺЦ
˭ҪȥĸڿˡȻҪȥŮˡ
ư˳һۡ
ǸʱûлΣȻҪȥͬࡣ
ˣȥĸˡ
Сӣںɶϻӣǰʢ֮𣿡
ʵ
һеҪ
˫һ컯ڽ£ЯɶƣתʧڴϿڡ
һ̣һƬԭʼɭ֮С
Сӣʲô
ƺʡ
Ȼˡ
Ц
䣡
ͻȻʱһɿµϢԭʼɭݶ
Ϣһּѹ֡
ħ
һ㶣ʶ˳ħˡ
ȴѪۡ
Ӧһˡ
֮ǰӦǸ֮ˡ

ڶԷħͬʱѾ˳ˣն˶š
ǾѪ˵ˣ
üͷһơ
㾹Ȼͻˡ
ʱһϮѪ۵ѪҲն¶־
Ѫ𣿡
ĿһɢŸոͻƵĿϢħ΢΢һ֧顭
ħ
ǿߵħ
Ŀһ
ǣ
Ѫˣ˫Сµıһףԣôͬˡ
Ŀ⣬֮¡
ǡ
ܿ죬ͫһ
桭
ĿУ¶̰
𣬱˵ģҡ
Ѫɫһо̰ѵ
ߣ
˭֪˫ӹһ˿⣬˲֡
µХ飡
һ̣ѪѾһѪ
ħɱ벽ħ֮ˣͺһֱϡ
㡭㱰ɣ
Ѫܳž֣ɱңҶҪˣȫҪˡɱң
úѪ䣬˾塣
ߣ
˫һ
һ̣˫֮Уӳɫ⣬һ۳һɫ棬Ѫꡣ

Ѫ˻һӰ١
ֻо
ħǵͬڡ񡱵ĴڣͶ֮䣬ӵмΪµܡ


543 
ָɱѪĮˣȫҵġ
ԣһ

²⵽
Ŀ⣬˳˵ϣСӣ˽ҿԸһʹ
䣬˱ͰԵ
ǾͿûˡ
˫һ컯ɶ
վں棬ؿס컯̡
ʶҪ¡
ôΪзĹɱңѾǡħйĹҪɱң룡
ɫۿôϣܲˡ
𣿡
Цˡ

С
ֻУɶҲС

ˣ飬֮·һɫĻӹ
Ȼ컯һ׾پÿ
ȻħٶǬ½޼ܳңȻз෨ĳȴҲֻܸںԳ
ڣ㻹Ϊɱǣ
Ц⴫
ߣΪٶȿھ㿴ħħѾǬ½ޣķ򡭡
һ٣վ֮С
һ̧֣ѷ챻򿪣һޱȵѷ֮ӳ
Ĳٿ£Щһɫ⣬ܡ
ܿ죬һЩɫεġ֣˷桭
ʲôֶΣ
￴Χ˸ɫһʱסˡ
ķʲô
Ļ֮ĵһֶΣΣ
ǸЦ
ಣ
컯ӳһնֻطֻ֣֮ġϣȴҲֻǵһ˿޷
ݣ
ɶе֮һӶҲ޷ƻ
ûõģħֻй򣬲ƻĻֶ֮Ρ
Ϸһ㿴ųɶĶΪ⡣
Ļ֮ʲô˼
ü
Ҳǽ֮ˣ˵˵Ҳ޷ʾ۾Ķֻα֮Ψ۾ͻƵ񡯺͡ħľ磬츳ͨΪ֮ںϣķ֮ȫǬ½֮ķ֮
ĵؽ͵
ԭˡ
˿𣬡ղŵ˼й๥ɱ㣬𣿡
ԣɫһ䣬㡭
һ̣ͿǰһһŮУµ
һĵС
һӶ񽣡
֮ϣ컯̲Ϣ

ɵˣ̰һţȡ֮ǻ̿֡
ۿɶ֣һ̧֣Χ˲һ޽ն˳ɶ
ͬʱ˺ѷ죬ֱ˽ȥ
Ӱ٣
ˣ
ɶ֣նɫ޽ӿЦ
ħҪӣǸס
ҡҡͷ
ħǺһĴڣסҲ֮С
ɶͷ
û뵽ǵķ֮ķ֮ȣô𡭡ղʩչġ̫ˡ
һ
û뵽δ뽣ǹ
ɶδ뽣Ŀ˸
ɶ֪
档
˵
ɶ΢΢ͷԣǾй֮ΪеٮٮߣƷ֮ϡ
֮
Ŀһ
ѵǾͨڰ˲

ﲻǵһ˵
õֻʥʱʼ˵ˡֻʥǬ½ġ֮ϡ
ڹ򣬳ȥֻһ֪
ȴԽԽͿˡ
ֻеȻȥԺȥˡ
һ˴㡣
ѪӴܣ֪٣ɶƣɶϻӡ
컯ɱɡ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͺϻӣǵ
ǵħһһɱ
ţȥ˸Ȩ
ȨħͣɶУһ֮С

ڳɶ׼뿪ʱһӰԶ
ࣿ
ˣЩȣ㲻ǵ𣿡
ôȥʮȥ࣬üżֲɣ
㡣
һ´ųŸղŴȨеħһһɱľȻǳ
ֵˣ겻ѾԶܱˡ
ǵħ֣ұ뿪ˡ˭֪ȨҲһ죬Ҳˡ
Ŀ⸴ӡ
Ȩġ
ЦЦָ˼䣬ȥ
վԭأңңؿųԶȥ
þûܻع
ûдѹ
ʵ̫ˡ
侳أȴʾħ˶ɱ
˵֪ﲻֻɱʾ۾Ҳɱȴֲ֪ʲô顭
뿪Ȩ󣬳ȥһҡҡħҲһһɱ
ĿóҡĿ˳ϣҲʵˡ
λϣ˲վͽؽҡ
Щһ仰뿪ˡ
ҡ޺ۣ֮бչ
Ȼħ˵ͻϮĴܴ

ٴμ˲̺Ĳ̺ſӯ踺ء
ڳİ£ӯƿ˿
û뵽յǸСһɳ˿µĵز
ӯңңؿųȥ̾˿
ǰ꣬һ£ڡĪ
̺ΪȻ

ֻǻŭ
ǵãʢ֮ϣƬĮУǸС﴾ӵĴ񣬱Ǳ塣
ֻʣСһˡ
ڣСҲˡ
ԣɱеħ˺󣬳Ŀ˸˾ƽ
˾ƽ￴﷢ë
ڵĳеκβ
˾ƽ֪֮ˣǰʢ֮ϻĮһС壬ɱһˣӡ£ǺΪ
Įʡ
壿
˾ƽɫ䣬ŵ˵ӡֻ׷Ѱͽȴû壬ɳϣǰˣ
ʱһ׷ԲԵˣй˼ɵվ˳ˡ
ǵɱ峤֮ˣ
Ŀз⡣
ǵõСָ˵Ƿ
˵ǡˣ˵Ƿʲô֮ҪƲô峤ˡ峤˾͸Ǵ򲻹ǵдͷͷ峤˱ǸͷһɱˡǴ˴峤ͷǴҶܷŭ
˭֪뿪ûãǵо˷أֽȫɱˡ˵ҪǴ˵ġѪʲô



544 ָ
ǡ
Գѯʣ˻̿ޱȡ
ʲôЦ
˿վǰˣǿǵָͽռʾħɱĴڡ
һִɱˣɻڣ
Į
ʱԶˣɫ䣬ʼΧȺ棬뿪
ߣ
һ̧֣֮ǣ˹
ǣ
Ŀ΢䣬ʡ
ǡǸɵģ
ɫһ䣬ŭĿԡ
ˣ״ӡ
ʦ𣬾ң
ˣŵƨŵ
ԭʱ뿪˵ж¡ǽڣΪҪɱȺ޹ʵĴ񣿡
ɫˮȵ
ʦʦִȥģ˵ҪȺľѪ
һˣֵ̿
ʲô¶ϣɱࡣ
һɫһ䣬ŭ
ٳһȥɣ
Į
ɫ䣬ˣ˾ƽʦ𡭡ˣң
תͷȥ
˾ƽһЦ
ڵĳѾǹȥĳġ
ˣ
һƵӹնϣһʼû͸һ󣬲ʧȥʶ
նһּΪʹ
Χ۵ӣɫ԰ףЩ˳
Ŀ⣬˵ϡ
ɫһ䡣
֮£ɳֻǷ£һжµ˾ƽģһжǰյйذ¡
˾ƽվ˳˵ǰȻ
˾ƽ
ֻ˾ƽĿᶨû˿顭
ɫ˼֡
Ϊʹյʱ򣬳ˡ
䣡
һĳ˾ƽϣ˳ȥ
ֻһ˿
˾ƽѪ£һлл
ȻҲ֪ˡ
ܻ
ڵĳʾڶһɱǿߡ
۴峤˺£ҶжһƣΪ˳𡣡
һɶƣֱȥ
һȺˣʱ˿
Ƕԣͺñǵޣһŭ֮£Ϳȡ˵
ţȥʣµļЩħͺ󣬱϶С
һ·ɨطڡ
󣬲Żص˼ڵĻ
;ǰ֮غ󣬳Щ¶
ںôҲ۾صĴڡ
ɼˣҲû𡭡
ƻǣȴ޷һ
Ҳ˵ѵʵ򵥡
ҲΪǿġ񡱡
ص򣬻ص󣬳﷢֣﷢˷츲صı仯
Ⱦǳ硢˾ˡ
ǵʱҲסˡ
ԭ޸ľǡݶ
޸˾ľáᡱ
ͻȻãһжˡ
һ߾ʮ꣬ݶͳĺӶʮˡ
رǶɵĺӣǽʮˡ
ͻȻãԼˡ
㿴硢綼кˣʲôʱҲɶһ
ۻϣĿƵؿų
ĸףһǵȱкԺٿǰɡ
Цﰵ
磬ҡ
ɵɫͺû˳һۣƺˡ
ߣСӣҸϱʮ껹ûҵҲ֪ʲôʱܱӡ

ۿһìͷȫ׼ɣһԣһ߳Զһ͵Ц
ɶǲӦˣ
ﴫɶʡ
ɶ˫նʱһ죬磬ɶġ
ãǽҪŬŬˡ
Ц
һϵĸţûа׷ѡ
һºɶϲ
ʱ£첻ϡ
ƽʱһҲ뿪һ壬ңæкɶ
ɶĶһϹɵЦ
һˣʮ»̥ܶ಻ʮ¾ˡ
ɶһ̥ȴʮµʱ򣬲˶
йǰԺ֮У߶һ
ܲ
ĺӣϾҪˡ
ΪĺܵӰ죬ɶڼ䣬ﲢûжȥ̽ӵԱ
Ůĺӡ
һһȥǻ
С𼱣һ˾ͺˡ
绳ﱧһӣǣһӣЦ
ݶЩһӡ
еȥġ
ܣҼǵõʱСʱܻɣ
һЦ
һЦǲû𣿡
Ǿˣɶĵһ̥Ȼû顣
ֵ
ɣ˵ô࣬ʲôʱȥҸɩӣϽѺˡҪȻԺĺҪбĺӸ硢ˡ
˾籧һཱུСŮ߽йɵĻЦ
ǡ
粻侮ʯ
ǣ
ɵ˾ͳһۡ
ۡ
ʱӤй洫æж
ʱŴ򿪣ֱ˽ȥ
һʱ͵˴ǰסɶ֣ظоɶֵıϾ֮ɫɶðɣ
磬û£쿴ǵĺӡ
ɶϾ۾ĴڣܿͻָˣһԵнӹ˺ӡ
ſԼĺӡ
СһȻСȴԴü俴㡣
磬۾ء
ɶ΢Ц
Ǹк
վߣ
жˣжˣ
ɶнӹӣȫЦݡ
ĵһӡ
磬ȡɡ
ɶЦ
Ƭ̣ſڣͽɣϣһǡ
֣
ʱ缸Ҳˡ
ϲϲ
˾ϲ
Сһ۾ܣպصΪ㿴ſһͲˣһ˫С۾ǻ˵Ƶġ
ųﻳеĺӣЦ
ʱ˿̣һڡ
˺ӣɶڻҴ
һꡣ
˿Ŷ׳سɳҲԾͨħ͵˷
˵Ϊ˷츲صı仯
ƣɹͻƵʾ
ޣʡ
ĸΪҲ侳أãͻƵʾ
˵Ϊ
ڴڼ䣬ҡ޺ۣԼǵλҲȥˡ
Ҫؽҡǵ
ָꡣ
ġֻʥҲһǰ߲Σӵ۾صΪ
ɶͻƵ۾ء
Դˣ˵ʵѾ˵վǬ½۷ˡ
Աһɽ֮С
һϮۣ·ȼɫӣվ֮С
ңңʳǵķ
־ڱصãһҵġ
ˣǵڳɶӴܵġ𡱡
Ѿġħʵͬڡ񡱡


545 ռ֮
壬Сȥ档
йԺɶƷһˡСкСкԳ˵
ˡСкǳĴСӣ䡣
СкɶĶӡ

꣬ˣ̳˳򸾵ŵ㣬÷۵ֱСƯ
ףĸף˵ҪҳȥǺ«
գһ˫۾ųɶ
䣬ǳĵӡ
Ϊ֮ϣ׸磬ø磬ҲǳɵĶӣڳҵϵһе塣
Ķӡ
񣬳Ҳ˶ɰѳϼۡĴ󲮸ֻˡ
ȥɣСĵ㡣
Ц
ʱԶһ꣬ӶڳǰٺһЦСһȥòã
´ź꣬壬ɵĴɡ
һ飬ȴӹһ˿֮⣬һޱ壬һֻɫ󹷡
ܿ죬ƾǣͳ䵽ıϡ
߿
ЦЦúܸˡ
ɫףƵ档

ۿƴСк뿪ɶ¶簮֮ɫѵ
֪ˣĸף
˰֣һС˵ģ
ƻǰ軵ˣôҲһʣȻ
ҡҡͷ
ƶĳ谮һ㶼ء
ɶ΢Ц
ʱǨͻƵʾڳӡҲѾʧ˵ǻָɡ
ȴû뿪ĬĬػҡ
񣬸ػ߳Ķӡ
֮䣬֮
ಣ
ûãһӰԻʹ
ף
һ㶣ǣɶ֣˳ߣףôˣ
һǿĴڴơֻءҲ֪ǵѡ
ɫء
뿪ˡ
˿
Ȼ˿̵ĳȴɫ䣬
ʳǣֻƱųʹת۾͵ǰ
Ǹ°С
ƻ󣬻Σɫѿޱȡ
𣡡
˫һ˸һ
ɶɫҲһƺ⡭
ӵʬ޴棡
ʱϿգըװݶ䣬޼ɵ
ɲǼ䣬ʹ֮УһӰ
ôˣ
һ֣ɫ΢䡣
ţͥصһһն
г硢˾硢ɡ
ʱ˿̣ʳǶˡ

֣ʳǵ˶ԣİ
ʲô˸ҽĶӣ
ʹϿա
ĸףû¡һġħҺɶȥ
ಣಣ
ﻰһ䣬ͺɶһ̤ն
Ŀ¶ǡ
Ҳףһǿħȥֻ׸
ֻϢ
߿֮ϣһϮ۵֮С
һСкǳ

ɶɫ΢䡣
ףĸף£ǿˣ
۵˫ͨ죬ӶСȭͷ
ǺģΪ
һ˵
ЩһֱǱʳǸͶˡֻϧǷոңһֱ²֣գҵˣ
ϣ¶Ц⡣
ΪеĹ伫ˡ
Ŀһ˸
ߣҷſǵĶӣڱ㽫ɱ
һв
˫΢С
ʱɴԼĶӣζ㲱ϵ˺Ҫѳ֣ܽ¡
С۾һ־ǰŵҡ

üͷһ壬Сʲô
˵ţһ֣Ҫȥץǰ
һ̣壬ȴ·𳹵̣˵񣬶á

һӰƾճ֡
һλ
ѣ
˫һЩ˷ܡ
ûˡ
һ̧֣֮ǣĻС
ѣҺ㡣
ϣһڡ
Ҳ㡣
Цˣɶ
ѣҺˡ
ɶӹӣЩ¡
￴нֱ𣬳סˡ
ʲôֶΣ
𣬺ôҲǡħȻֱӷ

ָ֣硣
ֻǣ˿̣ĿУȴǻ֣̿ռ䷨򡭡ǡռ֮񡯣
ռ֮
һ㶡
ҵҲ㻹ǳıӵ
̺κθ顣
ֻһʱͷ
йϵġ
˿̣˲κߵͷ
ʲôЦ˿ռġռ֮ǰ˺գ˽ȥҲǱɣ
ߣ
һߡ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϯ
һ̣ٴһ
ͺĵһ㣬֧飬˻ҳɢ֮Уʧ
⡭
ͫһ
һĴڣǰ˲һ
һ̣ʶԼȥСλѡ
һΣ֣ҲǻΣ˿
˻ڵĵصȴＸն£˿
үү̣үүүү
ɶĻһ㶼ʵ˫ᡢ֣һһк
ûʶմӹŹһȦ
죬Է
һ񣬽˳ȥ
ƺɻ󣿡
ʡ
ѣΪռ֮񡭡ʲô˼
ʵ
ռ֮񣬲ǸߵλһΪεĽзǬ½Уʾ۾ƵĽз
˵
ѣߵλһʲôĵط
ʡ
ǰȻ֪ߵλĴڣȴûκȤ
ƽƽɹ꣬ۿһ쳤ɶңȴЩտյġ
ףһжΪǬ½ûκսԭ
Ϊٽһǡ񡱡
꣬ͷβ
ڣ뷨ȴ֮ıˡ
ߵλ棬Ƽûħ֣֮ȫ񣡡
˵
ȫ񣿡
һ㶡

ͷ͵Ǭ½֮СħʵҲǵԡνħʵҲǺ͵һѡǬ½ħ֮ڸߵλ棬˶û֡
˵ͷƶǶ
ǿռ֮ڸߵλ棬ʲôΣ
ʡ
ߵλ񣬲β࣬ҲΡֻҪΪλλλλ֮ϣǿռ֮񡣡


546 Ź֡С
ǿռ֮񣿡
￴һȡ
Ҳǿռ֮񣡡
ҡҡͷӹһ˿мˣҲͼλΪһЩռֶΣǿռ֮񲻳ɣλУҲвٳ˿ռĴڣյĿռǬ½ĵ͵ȷλ棬һʩչڿռ֮ڸߵλʩչռ򡣡
Ȼ
Ȼ˵ǡռ֮񡱣ǾӦòǡ
ﲻɰԲ²⡣
λҲһλλ
ߵλ棬۸ӣһʱҲ˵պɾ͡λ񡯣뵽ߵλȥһϸ˵ɡ
˵һ䣬ûʧӰ١
ףǻһȥˡ
̲סԸߵλ棬һ˿
ʱš
ָʮȥ
й֮ڣһýӰһʯǰζȭߣÿһγ֣ʯ͹ѿʯ׷ɡ
һ꣬ϡ£ò㡣
Ȼ

ͷ֮ϣһʮ׳ͨѩףɢź⡣
Ȼͨһ⣬ڡ
䣡
һȭЯű֮ʯϡ
˲䣬ʯһ㱡֧顭
ףΣ
꿴ڿˣ΢Цʡ
ڳ϶һʮߡ꣬ȻƺһʮΪס
길ô£ͨûɱ䡣
΢Цͷ
˵һ̥Ӿǹ̥еĹ̥
Ȼûм̳Ĵâͨȴ̳ͨ
ңֻ侳ͨ
Ϊɶ̳ݼı֮ԵʣĶӳͨҲǼΪġͨסĶȫͬ
׵ǻͨ
Ƿͨ
ͨ
óﾪȵǣӵͨҲצһͷԵġ
Ǹ뿪һҪúչĸס
ӵԴ΢Ц
ףҪ뿪𣿡
գһ˫ˮ۾ʡ
˰ɡ
˵ͷ
ףҪȥ
ʡ
ȥһδ֪ĵطǬ½һƽȴԸ׵Ȥ
˫һĿԶ˵
Ǭ½ѵҪ뿪Ǭ½
ȡ
ˣôˣԺȻ֪ɡ͵
ҡͷһЦԼķ䡣
һº

һɿµϢʹд
Яž˵ƣ·κΪ֮
µ쳹
һ̣ȴȻֹ
ô£
ʳ֮ڣ˱ϽͷŻʹķĿ¶ɻ
ڻʹ֮С
ಣಣಣಣಣ

һӰ
Ϣ
Щȡ
ᣬҲѾǰɹʾΪʡ
Ҫͻˣ
һԵĳЩȵ
СͻƣǱǡˡ
Ŀ⸴ӡ
ȻЩԼǸܵܵİ£Ҳһ侳صΪɼˣԼĵܵǰȴǰС
ȻĵܵܣȻἵʡ
ЩΪֳܵǡߵλ桱
һĵܵͻƣֵֽܿ롣
ಣ
ʱһӰϢйзɳ߻Яһˡ
ɶͳ
ĸףҪͻ𣿡
գ˫ۣʵ
š
ɶͷ
˿̣й֮ڣһķ
ڰգϣһɹɿµϢԴԴϵ
ܿ죬ͨԳͷ
ͨâͨͨ
Ȼ
ͨһһ⡣
ಣ
˳ֻط֮Уֻطƺϸ΢ɱ䡣
ȥӦֻطɱ䣬ĴâͨҲһ⣬Ĵâ֮С
ȻǾͨ
ͨûͨʹâͨһʧ
ͨھŲ㣬ڳ
ҲǾͨһ㡣
һ
ʶʲô
ͨĵھŲ㣬ǳһưɫġС˳ڡ
׼ȷ˵˳֮С
ⰵɫתţɳеֻ֮ȥͺһԶԲĺһ㡣
͡
ʱһ
ظӦԼ·ĳֶȡϵ
һںˮĴڡ
һΪ㡣
ÿһɫֲڡ
񣬳꣬Ǵһ㡭
һġˮɫΪɫ
ڳ괥ˮɲǣˮй£ֱӹ˳ڣ֮ڡ
ܿ죬ڵֻ֮ɫĺˮͬ
ѵ
һ
ǵã֣ǡɫ
λɫ
ͻȻðôһͷ
ţ
ܿ죬־ˣΪ־ͨھŲֵ֮УȻʼ̵ֱ룬Ȼͨ겹䣬вͣЪ
ͺԱһ
ͨھŲУʲô
Щ⡣
ͼѾʶ
ͼʶȥ̽飬ȴʶУҲֻʯ󺣡
һУʲôкã
⡣
âҲڴѵҲڷӵĶ
ﲻ롣
ڳ⶯䡣
һ¡
ǾһУȻܱݡ
ٿһУʱӿֳһģȻƳ
ʱһĻˡ
зɹһֻӬӿֵɨУ˲佩֮С
ֻˣӬڵһƬշ·𶼳̡
ţӬڶ
ط֣ĲӬȻڷУȴһּΪٶڷС
Բǿռ򡭡Ӱʱ䡣
һͫһ
󣬲Ӭָ˳̬С
ѵ
ɫǺ졣
ʱһֱڵת۾ͽеɡ
ƺЩδ
סˡ
ͼȥϵ㡰ˮгȡȴǡ֮ӡٸӦˡ
ǰɣ
סˡ
̽Ԫ׼תʱ
֣Ԫת΢΢ȫԺԲơ
ңһһи̵ˡ
ģ⵽ʲô
̲סһֿڡ
ֱרҵ
ȻеΪ죬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ڳһ֮ȫͲܶñ
ˣ
ʱﺧȻط֡
еľͨǚiͨĺ󳾡
ͨȴûͨ
壡
ɲǼ䣬ظоı仯⣬Ѫ⵽࣬ٵƤ·µɱ䡣
΢΢չһ塣
𵴣ѡ
⡭
ͫһ


547 ʱ֮
ʶԼǿھͨ󣬷·Ϊη
ˣ
һۣ֮һٴըѡ
ô£
侲һУԺһһӹ˼
ǾͨھŲ㿪һŹֵУϲС
У·ܽһּΪµ
Ӱ조ʱ䡱
ȻֻСΧڵʱ䣬ȴҲеȡ
Ȼ壬ͨȫڣٴηɱ䣬һָоԼ壬ۼͳ̶ȣ¶һ
Ȼ
ţ
ͻȻһ
֣һ۵֮
ԶڷĲӬɲ֮䣬˫УһɵĹ⻪ֱӶ
ʱ֮
ݣ
֮ӳӬͷ­֮ڡ
˿̣ظӦӬͷ­ڵġꡱ˲䱻
Ӭһ٣ֱ¡
깥
ԺͻȻðһͷ
һȡָмƷԪʯ
Ȼ֮ļƷԪʯȫʱҲֻǿ
ңЩֱǹŹֵ˴롣
Ѫ
ﲻɿЦ
ʲô
ܿ죬ַ֣Լһࡣ
Ȼһơ״ľ壬֮ڣɢϢƺԼڵ˴
кܶ£Ӧѡ
ҡҡͷ
һ̣һǿʶй֮죬ܿ͸Ӧ浣ԼˣܸӦǵ
ܿ죬ʶ쵽Ԫ룬һ塣
ͻˣ
ʱ﷢һɱʶǿʶ
ѣ
һ
ҡ
𸴡
ѣҸͻƣ̫ʡ
˵
˺գǰѰҰɡǬ½ֻǵ͵ȷλ棬ձպĿռҲһƽء
ٴδ
һ
һ̧֣˺ѣƾճһտ
ʱڽտ֮ǰﲻɢһԼˡ
û£Щȥѣ
ǳһĴֱ˵ꡣ
ˣһ𺳡

󾪡
̫ˣһͷֱҵ룬һͷһҷ𡣡
˾Щ¡
ɶҲ˿
߽ѷ󣬾͸оѷһɹɿµХ
ȻЩĴڳϣȴ첻κ˺
ûá
ѣӦȥ
ٴʶ
ӦҵʶԴ
˵
ܿǸӦʲôӿն˺һգڵĿռ䣬˳ִһĴ
վڲԶƽؿų
ѡ
﹧
ȥʲôͻƳΪλ񡱣еʶĸĪ⡣
ѵλ
ʲôɻ󣿡
ֱʡ
ѣҵͨʹâͨҵķ֮ҲѰҵǾͨȴҵ壬·ҵ嶼˼ɱ䡣
˵ţһ̧֣
͵ȭ
û
𵴡
ˣͫһһ̧֣һ͵֮ûڣܿ죬ϸ־ݡ
ѣô
ʡ
Źֵؿ˳һۣ㻹ڸв֪ڸߵλ棬ҲֻһЩӵôǿǴλ񣬵ԡԽķƿ
Ļһ
λƿԼ
⡭
ƺ˳ľȣ˵С壬ǾͨȻӸߵλȻһͨ۸ߵλ棬ҲֻԺȡǼ壬˿ģҲʮˡ
ͷ΢
ǻϲ
ȻóĴڣķô
˵

һ㶡
͵ָϷʩչĹһʩΪָ֮ϷʩչĹͻƵλҲܷԼɱ䣬ʩչֶΡ
ԭǡ깥
һȻ
İ
Ǭ½ߣµơ侳ߣϵα򡱵۾ߣƽʱ֣õļơֶΡ
һ̣ڸߵλ棬Ҳһ֪
ѣУҵľ֮ͨǰھŲ򿪣һŹֵУ̻ҵ֮ڡ
ｫԼڷյ˵˳
ôŹ֣
üͷһ壬ǿʶڡ
ʶ
ǡ
ͻȻ﷢ɫˡ
ѣô
һ㶡
ʱ򡭡Ȼʱôܡôܣ
΢΢ҡͷƺԸһġ
ʱ򣿡
ͫһ
ɶù
ʡ
ù
ͷʱҽһֻӬϣȴֲӬڵһƬգֹһ㡭տʼΪǿռ򣬺ΰֲǣΪǲȫľֹʱӬԼ仺ٶȷУƬյĿҲԻٶ
Ȼǿռʱ򣡡
ĺ΢Щ٣Щʧ̬
ﻹǵһμʧ̬ѣʱʲô
һʱǴ˵еġʱ֮ƿصĹ򡭡
ʱ֮񣿡
һ㶡
ʱ֮񣬱ָͬʱ˿ռʱǿߡǲֻܲٿؿռ䣬ǿԲʱ䣬ͷʱ侲ֹʱתܣ
˵УԶ˼
ʱ֮񣿡
һ
ƿռ䡢ʱ䡭
޵еĴڣ
ѣʱ֮ѵȿռ֮ǿ
̲סʡ
Ȼ
ͷ˵֮ǰ˵ߵλ棬ֻΪ𣿡
ͷ
Σ֮ǰ˵λλλͿռ֮񡭡ڿռ֮棬ʱġʱ֮񡯡ʱ֮񣬾ڸߵλ棬ҲǴ˵еĴڣû˼ǡ
ֵ
ﾪȡ
ô˵ʱ֮Ǵ˵еĴڣڸߵλУԿռ֮ǿ
ѣλλλָ
ʡ
ΪġֻʥѾ۷壬û˿
ߵλµȷλȫȻͬ
˵λͻƵλֻҪڸߵλһʱ䣬ͻơȻҲнݾߡ


548 뿪Ǭ½
ȥ򣬻߶ȡλλ
˵
λ
üͷ΢塣
ͻƵλӦÿԷ֣һ࣬һ壬ǱǡλҲɷ򡢹ֱͨĴڡ
͵
ԭǾλ
Ȼ״ľ壬ͷˡ
ô˵ֻҪȥλλͻƵλǹλλͻƵλ񣿡
ʡ

ͷֵǣǻλҲζķ֮ԼλȡʧʱյķҲµλӵеġ
һͣλǺûǲã
ֻط򣬻Ǵâ򡭡
ԳԣǷ
Ȼá
üͷһƣЩΪԼޣںϷ֮ˡ򣬲ܽԼλɱ˵ġΪһ˱˵λԷںϷ̳еķҲǶģҼ֮ܽںϡҲֻܳΪһµµΪλ񡣵ʱ򣬾һЩںַλ񣬶Խɱ
ںϷ֮صġںϡֶΣλԭ˵֮С
˵
Ҳ˹
λֻԼģõġ
˵Լʱһɳ죬ȴҲԺġǰ̡
뿿Լ
ѣ֮ǰǸķѵֻķ򣬲ķ򣿡
ʡ
ѵķͨںϺ㻹ûù
ʡ
һ㶡
ͬʱһ
ɲǼ䣬ֻط֡
ʱطֻ֣ط򣬷˷츲صı仯
˵ǰֻطСڵֻطһˡ
ңӦڵֻطԶõĵطڣֻͨطʩչֶͬΡ
Ӧˣһ
Ǹ𣬵ԼĻ֮ʩչǾĻֶ֮ΣҵֻطӦҲӦֶΡ
һɲǣķ֮Ҳµ֪
ѡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôЦҵǹŹֵɣָС룬еļƷԪʯġЩƷԪʯҪٴλܣֱ졣
ļƷԪʯǴ֮ǰһ·ɱħеõġ
Щħͣ۾Ĵڡ
֪жǬ½ǵĲƸҲ˼Ϊµĵز
ڣЩ۾ħ͵Ԫʯȫˡ
ȻʵԪʯܻܡ
̧֣ʮö˸źɫīɫʯͷ
ÿһŶʯС
ֽӹʼеʱоԼԻٶš
ȻȴҲظо
ţЩʯͷܵһº³ӯ
ѣǣ
档
Ʒʯһöʮλ
˵
Ʒʯ
ĿһҲµˣʯӦǸߵλĶ൱Ǭ½õʯ
һöԲʮλ
óﲻһϲ
ллѡ
ｫʮöƷʯл
ͷ
ѡ
ͻȻ뵽һ£ɶ˵ļһʲôδ빬ȴ֪
ﻰû˵ȥΪɫױˡ
ѡ
һ

һ档
ţкηԸ
ɻ
Ҫߵλȥɶһ뿪
˵
Ϊʲô
סˣ뿪Ǭ½ȥߵλͷҲûдɶһ뿪ϾߵλһжԶôİ
ڴⷬﻹǲɻ
㲻ʧȥԼӵĻ˵ġ
üͷһ壬ɫһǲԸ˵
һؽĻ
ѯһЩڸߵλĳʶ﷽뿪뿪ͬʱ²⡭
ɶ£ӦúǸʲôδ빬йء
ȥ֮󣬳ӹס
Ȼûд̫ãΪ֪ɶΪͻƵλ񡭡
ɶͻǰ뿪
ͬʱҲɶνδ빬£˼ֺ档
ǰߵλ棬˴ȥʶʶҲһ̽ǡδ빬¡
δ빬ڹȥʮɶ߱Ǭ½ȥ̽ȴһ١
ʱ򣬳Ͳ룬δ빬Ǵڸߵλ档
磬˸ߵλ棬һСġɶᾡͻƣԺܺһ𵽸ߵλȥˡ
ɶ˵Щᡣ
뵽ʱԻҲȻˡ
ף
ңңų˫΢졣
סӦ׵Ļ
Գһͷӹһ˿簮
Сһ׼ȥã
ʡ
磬İɣÿһʱͻǬ½ǰߵλ棬¡
Ц
Ѿе֪ҪӸߵλ淵Ǭ½ʲôѵ¡
ֻҪһʯɡ
뿪͸ˡ
ܿ죬ֺԼĸĸԼһ˵𡭡
ˣ
Ƶӹճһѷ졣
һȺ˻˻֣߽ѷ֮
ѷպϣһȺվһ󣬷ȥ
ѷ֮󣬳綯еĿŲ컯̣ǰС
ܿ죬Ŀĵء
Զһͨġӡ貶Ŀ
һӣǵλսġ
һ˵Ǭ½͸ߵλŦ뿪պҪͨ
ţ
ͻȻĿ⣬һǡ
һƬֻأ·ж졣
Ӧþλսˡ
һ
ûٳɣȥֱӳ
ɲǼ䣬֮УһɰԵ֡
ڳﱻȥʱ򣬳﷢֣һԴȻڣ˹Ȼûзκα仯ﻹܸоľ
ѵΪͨڵԵʣΪҾǾͨ
̲ס²⡣
Ͼľͨġ
ಣ
ڳﻹɻʱһɸӰԵƷ˳ȥ
ʱŷ֣ԼǴһСġ
ͷˣ´
ӭߵλ档
һˣԳһЦ
һˣһƺԸС
ʲôط
￴˿ΧһƬã͸ʲô
Ƶ˽͵ǡѪԺǧʮߺأӦļλ桭պҪؼ磬һҪͨ
ǧʮߺţ
סˡ
ŷӦʵµȷλô𣿡


549 Ѫ
ľ㵣Ҳ⣬·˾ռߣҲ˵ߵλеֻͨѪԺУоǧŰپʮͨͨǧŰپʮŸ͵ȷλ档
ﲻɶݣڸߵλУѪԺж٣
Ц˵Ǹߵλ棬ڵġ̲ǡѪԺоŸͳΪԺڸߵλУַΪʮأ
Щ¡
ߵλ棬Ϊʮ
ÿһоŸѪԺ
Ҳ˵ߵλУѪԺٸ
ÿһнʮͨ
ͷƤЩ顣
͵ȷλôֵǮ
ҴλֵܻءѪԺȥǼǣ鷳Կһ󡣡
˿ˣ˵
ȥɣʺأʮҲֻһ
˻˻֣Ϊ⡣
ֵܣߡ
кһ̤ն
ն
ߵλһУİĺܣ˰æָ·ҲֵС
ңʲôѪԺˣȻ֪ණ
ֵܣҽС
˶ԳͷһЦ
ҽг
һЦ
ֵܣڴѪǡ
˵
ѪǣȥѪԺ𣿡
һ㶡
ֵܣѪԺѪУһĿռλ桭ֻҪ̤봫󣬱ԽѪԺ
͵
Ȼ򣬡ԭˡ
ˣղǸͬ飬ƺܲң
Щ档
ЦʵҲֲ⼸ʮǰˡ˵Ǹ͵ȷλ棬ʮǰһߵλ棬֮ȴҲûˡ
ʮǰ
΢
Ӧħ֮صЩħˡ
ʱ䣬պǸʱ
ЩҲѪԺ
ʡ
ûУһӿȺ뿪ˡ񣬻Ѿ˰ɡ
˵¶һ˿Σյߵλ֮ˣλ񣬵棬ҲǴڵ⡣Ȼ˵ǵвλ񣬿λҲʮ
λ
΢΢ݡ
û뵽ЩǬ½뿪ħôǿߡ
ֵܣԸߵλ֪٣
ʡ
ֻ֪ߵλУηΪλλλ͡ռ֮񡯡
˵
ռ֮񣿡
ҡͷһЦ֪ռ֮񣬾Ǳ̲ҲδС
ţ
һ㶡
̲ߵλʮ֮һռ֮ûУ
⡭
Ǹߵλ棬Ǳ̲ĸҲֻһλλ񡭡Ȼ˵ʵǿһλƼɱ
ֵ
ɵˡ
λɱλ񣬷֮ɱ
ǿɻЦֵܣϾҪִѪˣѪԺǼǺ˵Ϣ󣬱ǳΪѪԺһԱʱԵõһö񾧣ͨصϢ˽ߵλ档
ͷʣΪѪԺһԱʲôϰɣǶҵҪһ¡
ҡͷһЦɲصģ㵽ѪԺȫ߾ߣȻҪõ񵤡һĶȴҪԼ׬ȡʯʯǸߵλĻңΪ󡣡
ʯ
˵ͷ
ʮöƷʯǵġ
Ʒʯ̫ǿԼڵλҲֻƷʯһǡ
һ·
Ҳûʲôˡ
ѪǾǰ档

ԣʶɨȴʲôû֡
˵ķٶȼ죬˲Ϣǧֹʮͣ
ʱؿԶһ޴ĳС
Уǵ͵ȷλĳܱȵģ̹ųǣҲûʮ֮һ󡭡
̫ˣ
Ѫǣ
Щȡ
ѪǣҲѪԺƿصĳСѪУһоͨѪԺĴһöƷʯԴΡ
˵
ͬʱѪ⣬ն¡
¡
ʶҲѪϿյƣʣѪϣҲнƣ
ƣ
һ㶡
ǵ͵ȷλ棬һЩлơաڳзС
͵
Щȣԭڵ͵ȷλУҲڡ󡯵ĴڡֵܣǸߵλ棬ûνʲôƣֻʯõ󡣷󣬲׼ֱӴӳд룬ڳڷУȴûơ
󣿡
˼ֲɺ֪͵ȷλ£
ͷȻұϾǸߵλԭס񡭡ˣӵ͵ȷλģԭסһƺΪߡѪԺȻûԭס࣬ȴҲѪԺԺˣҲһλߡ
üͷһƣԭס
ǿɻֵνԭס񣬾ڸߵλˡҵһŮΪ£ºӣǵĺӾԭס񡣡
Ȼԭô¡
ˣҪҵļ͵ȷλ棬Ӧô
ʡ
ֻҪٵǸת󡯼ɡתҪʮöƷʯ
ֵ
ʮöƷʯ
ﲻΪ⡣
ôʯ
֪ڵ뷨Ķˡ
ΪصĽߣһöƷʯʮнٺ
ܿ죬Ѫ⡣
ŴʮŶӽǣ﷢֣Щ˽ǣȻҪϽһʯ
ǻҪʯ
һ㶡
һҪѪԺȴǲá
ųȥûŶӣһԵġͨʾԼġϽơ
У
ſڵͳȥ
ҲˣղóϣƿšѪԺ֣룬ȴǻһ㡣
ӦǷαֶΡ
һ
ѪǣԿ·ԵĺΰȺ
ЩӴ׳ޱȡ
ֵܣھȥѪԺ
кһ˳ǰĴ·ڿն
ŷ𣬸˳Ŵ·У˺ܶ䣬ǰѪԺĴ֮ǰ
ǰвһεѪԺ֮ڿء
һ·ƺ˲·ΪβֱӴЩȺϷɹʡ²ٵʱ䡣
Щֵʵ
˭֪ĻɫֵܣסѪоĴڣҲλ񡭡һЩһЩЩѪԺ㲻ʲôȴЩѪԺͨλǵġ


550 
ԭˡ
˵ͷ˹
λˣʹߡǰѪԺǼǡ
ڼشѪԺ֮˵ǰٴγʾƣ
˵ͷ
ţ
֮£̲סʶ̽ǡ
˭֪
󵨣
شڵѪԺ֮ˣɫ䣬ŭӳ
ǵһƿµת֮
ɫ΢䣬æΪ飬λˣǸյߵλķߣأ
ߣԺסڸߵλʶ̽Ǵɣˣ֮أ
һ˵
üͷ΢壬ȴҲû˵ʲô
߽˴
һöƷʯһİϣɲǼ䣬СƷʯһ⻪ɢ
һֻ̣оǰһһռ䡣
һĿռ䡣
ǡѪԺ
̲ס
ȴ֣߿֮ϵĻȻ͸ġ
͸Ļ֮ϣԼһЩ߷ɹͺڵطΪһ㡣
ǣ
ʡ
ڳ̧ͷϿյĻʱ֪˼ЦǶ졭ѪԺڵƬռλ棬Ϊ죬ÿһ죬һĻֿ
죿
Ŀһǲ
˵Уߵһ죬Ҳǵھ죬Ժ˵סκ˲״롣ڰ죬ǹǵסĵڶ쵽죬λľ֮أмλ֮أλ֮ء
Ȼ
ڶ͵ʲôֱ𣿡
ʡ
ȻС
˵ڶλһ㶼ֻ˷ȴûнںϵĴڣϲһЩҡλѾںַĴڣʵˣֱ׷λ񡣡
ͷ
ߣҴȥԳ
˵
ԣ
һ㶡
޷Ǿ߸һӦͷ
Ц
󣬺ܿһĹ֮⣬⹬֮˲ˡ
඼ѪԺؽ߽ӹˡ
ЩУһǷߣҲһԭס񡭡ҪͨԣΪѪԺеһԱ
͵
ͷĿɨΧˣִ඼ˣҲһЩŮԡ
񣬳Ҳ˺棬һǰĹ
ܿ죬һӰӹ߳ȸԾޱȡ
ܿ죬ֵ˳
˹֮С
֮ڣտޱȣһվһַ豹ĸо
ϡ

ҲŶ˵˵ͷ
˵ʶ̼ڳϣƬ֮ɫ΢䣬ų㡭ࣿ
һ㶣Ȼࡣ
䣡
ͻȻ˶ˡ
Ѹ͵һȭɽײ˳
ɲǼ䣬ﱻײ˳ȥ
Ȼǿ󣬺ˣﻹüͷѵǲԣ
Ҳԣ
ǿҪǻλ񣬿ֱӾͱһȭɱˡ
һȭ̺Ϊ¡
Ȼûж÷֮ȴҲΪˡ
ǿ塭Ʒ
Ŀһٴγȭһȭ̺֮ȵĻȭͷһͷ˳
ߣ
ɫһǰһ
֮ȫ
ž
飬ޡ
۳ˣ
һСˡԺˣʩչǿ¶޷ƿ
ɫ΢ųͺһʲô֣

ʵ˵
һԵ;ˡ
ղų˵ʲô
˵Ժ˶޷ƿ
ôܡ
ԺˣѪԺǿĴڡ
ںַλ

ͻȻоһ
Ȼǿȴһλ졭ѪԺκˡ꣬ںַλҲԻ
һѪ
һһ㣬ڵ͵ȷλʱ򣬾˵ˣҲȡ
Ժɡ
üͷһƣеݹȥһ׹ϵĵ伮һסꡯطȻʲôֵǮĶλԣҲ㲻ˡʱΪλԼȥѰõط
лϡ
æлЩܳ
ţʣϣԿԿʼ𣿡
ԣ
һ㶣һЦСһȤȤղҶ֣ǲ𣿡
ţ˿ȴСһȥǼǣҲ⼸ˣҲȥơ
ǡ
ͷų뿪
߳ʵֵܣ㵽ʲô壿ֻλǿ
ࡣ
һ飬ֻЩѡ
Ľؿ˳һֵۣҲдԵ֮ˡ۱ģһպѪԺʱϣֵܱ֮ˡ
ҡͷһЦ⻰˵̫ˡֻλѡ
϶˿㣬˵һҪȥǼǴ㣬ض
ȴǺܿ϶˵
棬ܿ˵ǼǴ
һ˴һڵǼǡ
Ǽǵһһ̵ˣ񿴵ǰ̯֡
ˣǡ
һ¡
û𣿡
˿һԵĽˣü
˿ЦκȴˣǸշģҲûʯ
˿ߣ˫ۣöƷʯĹء
ɫǺ죬ˣûʯ
ûʯǺð죬˺ܺ˵дǷС
κȻ˵
á
ҧҧӦ
˵ãһڻ壬Ϣӳһ£һöƷʯ𣿡
κֵ
ǡ
дǷ˵Ǽǡ
һ
ܿ죬ֵ˳
ϽʯǼǣѪԺĹذɣ
ǰͬʱ
Ȼǣֻκб˽ҵֶζѡĸλ񣬵ҲûΪѡ
˵ֵܣҪҸöƷʯˣ
á
ҡͷܿ쵽κȵǰ
κ̯֣üͷ΢壬λˣʲô
СӣװʲôɵղŲǾԱ߿ţأ
κɫһ
ʴˣѪԺĹ𣿡
˫ۣʵ
ǲѪԺĹأ㲻Ͻʯͱȼˣȥ
κȲͷ
˵˼ǣڿˣ
Ŀ΢ǸһƵЦ⡣
ϽʯҲΪǼǡ
κһ¿ˮ̵ı顣
ϣ㲻Ҫڡ
ﵭһ䣬̤նת׼ȥ
ڣСӣκȻ֪ʲôкڣ
κЦ


551 򷨵
ۿ̤ն̤ŻĲԶȥ
סˡ
κȣЦСӣҪ͹㣬ѲΪһշλ񣬻㣿
ҵϣ㲻Ὺҡ
˫һĮɨκһۡ
㣡
κɫһ䡣
ʱ
ԶһӰӶңңؿʣСһǼˣ
ﲢûԶԣȻȴҲκ˶С
κɫ䣡
ߣȻʶϣ
˭
һߣרŸһ
һ£ֻҪԺ֣λϾס
ʱмӰӶǴǼǵˡ
ϣҴ뿪ѪԺ
һЦлϵչˡ
뿪Ϊʲô
ü
ǺܿسģҪȻҲͳط
ţԳպѪԺĶ
ԣĿ˲Զκϡ
ã
κɫ䡣
ˡ
ֵܣղҵĴܼ̣ԸʮöƷʯΣ
κȵĴ˼١
üͷһ
ʯô
ƺҲ
ʮöƷʯ
ﴫ˵
ʲô
κɫˣڸݲ£ȻˮʮöƷʯڸ⡣
룬ʮöƷʯܻݲ¶ˡ
ҧҧӦ
Цˡ
ϣûʲô£Һλκȴء
Ц
˵˵ͷͳﲢκȵǰЩ˷׷·
Ǽǣֱ졣
˿κȣ˵
죿
κסˣȻλ񣬿Ҳں˷ġ
ߣѾں˷ˣ
ô˵Էʵǲ֮£
Ŀһ
ܿ죬κȸǼǺãҲõһöѪԺƣת֣죡
ǵãƣҲǶ졣
죬ں˷ʵ֮һλҪǿλľۼ֮ء
ܿ죬κӹһö񾧣ٽӹʮöƷʯ͸һ˵к£
˶죬졣
ϣһ֪ôƺ
Цʡ
Ƕһϡ
΢΢һЦ
ϡ
ͷ
ѪԺ涼мءٹʱ䣬ǡؾ֮աҪõؾĻᣬҪŬˡ
Ц
ؾ
ɻ
ؾһΪڣеλλ񣬶ڼʱڣΪͻơЩλֻһΣλͻơ
ֵ
⡭
һ㵡
Уߵλ棬ȻԹλλҲӶλλϣǰҪô·δɲɹƵӰ졣
һصظ
лϡ
мȻ֪
ϣһλҪλҪã
ʡ
Ŀһ̿ڷһЩӡ
ꣿ
ɵˡ
ȻԵ͵ȷλ棬Ӧ֪ڷλ棬ٶȿ츳ʵԡڸߵλ棬ȴû츳ֻ֣֮ҪڷܣͻƵλλ˵λڼڴλλ񡣡
˻˵
ͷ
ڸߵλ棬ԡͿնַٽѧãܽںϣҲζͬȲУʵ֮ϡѪԺУơȴܱҽרעֻ꣬нǿͣǿЧصƶֵġ
ֵ
ԳȻչˡ
һķߣˡ
лѡ
ò˵˵һóҲȷԼҪߵ·
ϣؾĻᣬȡã
ʡ
ؾҪͨ˲ܽ롭ÿʮ꣬ؾῪһΣһξÿһΣֻʮλʮλ롭ԣΪҡ
ֵھĹ򣬵ʱȻ֪ˡסˡҪȶʮꡣ
ͷ
ţȥҲƣҵԼס
һڰյС
һԺľ֮ء
ΧϡԿһЩСһЩСҲסˣż˷ɳ
һС߽˴Ժ
˷䣬λ롰񾧡ܿ죬ѪԺһУϢڳԺӹ
ѪԺλֲڶ졣
ȻλȴʸսλսɹƶԻǰ߽죬졭
֪Լֱ죬ǻرչˡ
˻ϵ顣
ţ򷨵ֶ֮Ρ
˫һ
ᵽѪԺ򷨵򷨵ÿһ춼С
涼ǰ˵Ķڷ֮һЩֶΡ
֮
򷨵УԻֶ֮Ρ
νֶΣҲǵԻ֮ʩչġ
֮ǰʱġ
ǶǷֶΡ
ȥ
ֱ뿪סȥ򷨵
򷨵һĴ֮һȡʯ
ڼо˽⵽Ҫ򷨵ĦǧķֶΣϽһʯ
ԽãҪԽʯ
ҪʲôȼġפƬ
ܿ죬˴ſڣ˿һ˫ǵӣ⡣
Ʒ
˵
ƷפƬ򷨵פ£һöƷʯ
˻˵
æȡһöƷʯݸˡ
нӹһöɫƬ
ǵƷפƬ
ݼأֳפƬ򷨵򷨵ڵʱŶġפƬȫĴûפƬˣҲֱӺ򷨵
פƬܣ߽򷨵
ʱԿһЩλѾ򷨵ת
һЩλ񣬸һ࣬һö񾧣ڸǰֶΡ
򷨵ڣ
Щ񾧣öѪԺļ񾧲ͬЩصĶǷͷֶΡ
ҵֻطʹâҲ֪Ƿмء
Ŀ⣬һһЩӹ
ֻǣȴǿͬ
һһóС
ܿ죬һַĸԼֶΣڳԺӹ
ЩֶΣಢĳַ
κη򶼿ʩչ
תáּ˵ʩΪˮںϷһʩչ
ɻҶľ֮á

һֶַΣóʶİ
ȻûҵԼģȴҲЩֶһ֪ͼ⡣


552 ָ
ȫһֶַ֮С
ȥеİ
ʱȻţȴûκθоһ㡭
ȻˡħҲûΧۣΪ򷨵ˣҲڸԼֶΡ
䣡
ͻȻڳﻹһֶַʱһɾϡ
·Я֮򷨵
ﷴӦʱѾ򷨵⡣
ˣ
Щȡ
һﲢûмʯȡפƬֱӻ˾
ʱ䣬ķֶкܶ࣬ýʱһ¡
вٵķֶΣʺֻطʹâ򡭡
ԼԺеֶַΡ
ٿֻطʹâʱȴ֣֮ںһ𡭡
ںϷ
һ͡
ô£
ںһֻطʹâܿںһ
һУóϲ
ѵΪڵ͵ȷλʱâֻطԵʣֻǣ֮ɱ𣿡
Щ⣬ַںϣ˲Сľϲ
ָƺ
ԺӹһֶַΣǷֶ֮Ρ
ȴΪ㷺
ֻҪǷԵķ֮ʩչ
Ĵâͨԡ
ָۣеһ㣬ʩչǿĹ
âں˷ɵͨĴڣۣǷ֮Ҳ硣
ݣ
һָںϷУۣХ͸
ﻨ˰ʱ䣬ָ͸
֣ʹ
ڵʵУҲˡ
һ
ܿ죬ó˵Ͻġط
ط꣬꣬ڴУķǿҲõ
ط򷨵УҲû
²⣬Ҳ֮
ô֪ڸߵλ棬ЩطǼΪģͨģһںУҲмС
ף̫ġ
ǻϵԵɺá
һУҲԺ֪
ò˵һƾõḶ́¹ȥŷԼ˵һ仯
ͬʱеʶϯӦΧҲ
ͣ
ͷһת֮ϯ
˫ۣɵĹ⻪ɲǼ۳һ⣬һѸӳָƳա
ںϷ֮֡
ֶΣ˿ϣһϡ
Ȼ
ѪԺҲһˣȥȡλٺˡ
һ뿪˾
ѪԺеߣΪڵһ죬ÿһ궼ȡһٺ
λ񣬿ȡһöƷʯ
ȻҪõƷʯҪԼȥ׬ȡ
ȡٺĵطһСĹ
ʱ򣬷Ѿ˲ˡ
Щ˴Ⱥһ˶ǰҲ˲˵Ŀ⡣
Ŀ⣬
ţ
оЩԣȴҲû⡣
˳ȡöƷԪʯȥ

ѸޱȵӰת˲ӵ˳ǰ¡
Сӣİɣ
Ϊ׵һ꣬ĿӸ¸ų
θɣ
ü˹ѹָղô˿Ŀⲻͬ
ԭһȡٺǻᱻˡϵġ
Сӣ֪ڸ˭˵𣿡
ɫһ
СӣȡöƷʯͿԹˡ
һֱ꣬ӣ˵ǵĿġ
һ꣬ҲǶų³һ㡣
ҪҲأ
Ŀ΢䣬ڡ

ɫһȵǾʹ
ں껰ʱͬʱ֣ںϷХֱӺ˳
˵Ĺһʰ쵣財
ͺһſ̻
վԭأɽ㲻á
СӲɣ
Ҳˣʱջ˴󲿷ֵ
ȻҲλԪʯȴɱˡ
رǻôۿš
ɱˣƱػִϣʱ
Ȼ㿪
Թ۵λĿɿڴ
óҪùˡ
Ȼ
䣡䣡䣡
ڳȴ۶ûӶ
ڳ
ǿһĳ̶ȣܱķ
⡭
סˣû뵽Լ˵ĹᱻԷ¡
֣ҵҪǷܵȫ֣
걩һȫޱ
Ҳһ
ȴ֮Уûж˵Ĺϡ
˵Ĺһδ˳ۣȴûжԳκˡ
ʲô
ɫ䡣
ڣֵ˰ɣ
Ŀ΢䣬̤ǰһ
ֻطʹâںϣʳָ֮ϣ
ָ
һֱָӺꡣ
ִ֮£һȭԺ䡣
䣡
ȻĹϾǲִ·ԶѾõĹټϴָΪۣ˲ͽȭͷ䱬
ȭͷ˲ըֱѪģ
ҪϣҲûжϱ۸ӡ

ɫ䣬ԼĶϱۣ˫¶ɭȻĹ⻪㾹Ҷֱۣ
ȴû꣬Ŀ⣬˵ϡ
ʱɫ䣬˺˼
ߣ
ָӿն
ۼΣ٣æȴҲi˺ĺֱ۱ϡ
ɫѿ
ȻλȴҲûöϱ
ǿҾͲҲǿ
ָһЩĮ
̼䣬ü֮ϣһƺɫһɫֱӳ
ߣֻŻ
ĮݶɲǼ䣬˫ɵ⣬һɡֱָӴ˺ɫ
꣬Ǿطģֻ£ȴҲһλ
ͣ
ɲǼ䣬ɫը
ɵġָӳ˺꣬ݺݵغȥ
ȻûлٵǣȴҲֻʣһһǡ

꾫˸˫ɲǼ䰵ſˮɵӡ
ֳһƬţ
˭
ʱ˿̣Χ۵ȺңңһɫӰޱȡ
Уʲôʱôµ
һ֪
ͬҲɵˣղŻúõһˣȻɵӡ
㡭㡭
˿ųһ壬ͺڿһµĶħ
һɨˣһȥ
վס
ʱ֮ϣһĮӰζ
ִϣ
һ˲䣬ڳλ񣬷׷׹
Ҳ˹ȥ
һˣһϮۣüż


553 ԭ
ˣҲִϣüͷ𣬡Ϊɱˣ
ִϣѵɱңҲû𣿡
Ŀһ
ӼУҲ˽⵽ѪԺĹأѪԺ׼ɱˣȴҲйأƳ֣ɱ֣ʩչ޷ȨԷɱ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬һһӹΧ֮ˣ˵Ƿʵ
ȷʵˡ
ʱʵ˵
Щˣ˵ȥ
ҴλҲٽƱ磬ͷ
ͻȻִ´˳һ󣬷ſڣ㵹úܣģ
һЩǿλӡ
ˣܵסλ֣ɱһˡ
ǰ죬Ӧò֮
ǣִϡ
ͷ
ʲô֣
ִϵɫ˼֡
ʵ˵
ǻϿеǸ
ִϵĿ⣬΢Щ졣
ţ
һ㶣û뵽λִϻʶԼ
ȥɣҪǡ̫ݣҲ֡
ִϰ˰֡
лִϡ
ϸЦݣ֮ǰĿ⣬ӹҴλ񣬡ˣ
뿪ִҲʧ֮С
ֻһȺ
û˵
ûִ϶˭ô˹ˡ
ǡ

Ⱥһۣ󶼵óһ𰸡
һλС򵥡
Ҵλ񣬶һۣ໥£Ҫȥ֪ͨø𣿡
ˣһ²һ¡ǡԭ֪

λЩ£ˡ
һһöƷʯ
ȥ·ϣҲզࡣ
ʶʯ󡭡
ʮöƷʯǿ൱һǧöƷʯ
Ҳ˵죬һǧôʯ
ȻҲ֪ǲܵġ
ᵽߵǼȥ
ѪԺ죬ߵѪԺ߲㣬ǵλӢÿٺһöʮöƷʯͿԵõһöƷʯ
صԼľʼط
ȻҲڻٶȴ仺Ժԡ
ʱš
һꡣ
񣬳Ѿǿһĳ̶ȣԿ϶λУ֮ǿѪԺпܱȵ
ǿˣ˿ԷͬҲʩչΪǿ
񣬡ָɳʩչҲʹ
ַֻ򣬶һǬ½ϴġߵλȴҲû򡣡
ԺУӹ򷨵пһЩˮ棬йطļء
Ի֮򡣡
һתһССĻ档
ȫ˻֮С
Ű궯
磬𣬻ǱٶȲڷ硣
Ҳ֪˶ãȫڶԻĸ֮Уջ֮
ʱ졣
һѸޱȵӰ⣬ֱ졣
һɫˣƺˡ
ֻǣܿɫҲ
ˣ
ԭУӹһ˿ֲĹ
Χλ񲻺
ЩλȻں˹򣬿ԲںϷλѸٲλġԭһ
ûںϷλǵǲ塣
λλ̫ǿˡ
ںϷ򣬿֮Ĳ໹̫
ȻЩҲֻǼɵԭǵǺܿԭΪ˳Ϊλ񣬸Ըǰ;߽ݾˡ
Լλȥ˵λ
ˣҪںϷ򣬼ֱ죡
һλ񣬺ߣ
ԭ֪ȥֱ
ﲢ֪һС
ת˿֮Ȼ˽⣬ҪȴҪһʱ䡭ףҸоһ󣬾Ȼֹ˰ˣ󣬱ǡؾĿ֮ա
ȥʣӦв֪
һֱ뿪˾
գϲûиϸ˵ؾ£ԼȥŪ
ܿ죬ڸҵһλ񣬡ʣ֪ؾĿʲôʱʼӦβ𣿡
λһˣ´˳һֵۣģ
ԡ
ͷ
ؾÿʮֻ꣬ʮλΪҡˣºѾԿʼˡ
ֵҲûȥֵҪһȥ
Ŀһòˡ
˵Ĵ£һĹǰȡƣԼ֡
˭֪Ǽǵλʹ˶סˡ
ǳ
Щ㶡
ǰʲô𣿡
ɻ
ܿ죬﷢֣Χȴλ񣬿ĿⶼЩŹ֡
λ񣬸ֱȥ
ͺͻȻмһ
ʱǼǵλҲǼǺˡ
һһŮӣѵһλ㣬ɱĶø硭͸Ͻ뿪ɡ

˭
һ㶡
˵ɱˡ
ѪԺ룬ƺҲֻɱһ˰ɣ
ˣһǰȡٺĺꡭ
ѵ
ʱҲǼǺˣͳ뿪ͬʱѵֵܣһ治֪ǳǸλ񡮶ԭɶ㣬ҪСһЩ
лѡ
һһ󣬱ֵˡ
˵ľԶ

ʱߴһ󼱴ٵķ
ţ
̧ͷȥ
һѸӰӶת۾͵ǰ
ǳ
һ۵ˣӸ¸ųĿĮ
Ҿǳʲôԭ
˫΢Уʵ
ߣɱõܣգҪѪծѪ
ԭһĿ
ɱң
ͻȻЦˣѪԺĹأƺ˰ɣҶ첻κвɱңɱˡͲ³ͷ֪ɱõܣҲǴԱ
ԭɫһ
ʵҲ˵˵ɱ治ҡ
õܵ£ȥҲһ
Ҿ㲻ɱһС
ԭɫһΧɫϢ
֮
ֻˣƫںɫλӰΣ֮۳һì
ڱ֫
ԭͺһ̤ն𵴡
Ҳߵλձȵ͵ȷλʵԶԭǵ͵ȷλ棬Բϰ׵գ·𶼻ᱻ顭
λ
Ŀһη塣

ಣ
ԭһǹӳ綾ֱӳĸ첲
ϣ
Ȼһǹ£ȴǸ޷˵ֺλΪ֮һ
ôܣ
ԭסˣһλ񣬾ܵҵһܵġ


554 һ
ԭЩ£Ըһġ
ʵں˷λ񣬱˻Уһ۰Ҳطϣ
ǰ֮ˣȴǺ
㲻࣡
Ƕԭĵһͷɫһ䡣

һ䣬Į
ҳǿҵЧҾͲţһǿ
ԭ˫һ¶Ĺ
Դ㶯
ֻǡ
ֻϧԶûлˡ
ųĮһѸޱȵĵӹû÷ֻǴƾﱡĵͽԭͷ­ն䡭
ԭͷ­ˤ䣬ϡĵ
桭򡭡񡭡
Ļû˵꣬ͳˡ
ߵλ͵͵ȷλ治ͬڵ͵ȷλ棬侳ϵĴڣɱɿӡ
ȻڸߵλĻλ꣬Ҳ޷档
һע·һ
λ񣿡
˶ԭʬһۣУֱʧԭء
ţû˿֡
ֱӻ˾
ڳ뿪󲻾ãִϽ٣Ŷԭϳصʬ壬üͷһ壬ԭȻˣѵǳ֣ܣǿȴҲɱλ񡣡
ǿֻܵ
Ĺû̫Ӱ졣
ԭ֮עһԡ
ȻͶԭ֮
ˣþ㶡ԭǳɱӦҲͳѲ˸ϵ
˳Ǿºؾ˵ĵ
ͬʱԼꡣ
ڵֶΣǿıڵġʱֻ֮Ҫһ֮أʱ䶼Ϊ֮ļһΣҾҪ£ܽڵָ
ȻʯԻָȴҲһ̡
֣򣬳ﲻԸȥڵʱ֮
ǽޚơ
ǰǲáӦһȥŪһˡ
һ
ߵλ棬ͨѪԺһö񾧣ҲǰǸͷࡱˡ
֪ߵλ棬֡
ƷƷƷ
Уڸߵλ棬ҲǼΪĴڡ
룬ѪԺûС
Ʒλ
ȥﻹΪҲʦƳģߵλ˽֮󣬷֪ߵλǿԼġ
һıУֻҪλʮ꣬ɱƷ
λƷ
λƷ
ûҲԿλһ޷ҷֺֻ
һ
ʱ䣬꣬һٽ㡣
󣬾Ҳչ
ףԼͻƵλ񣬷Ҳˡ
λļޡ
ʣ깥ںַλ񣬷򣬾ûܱȵ
º
뿪˾
ʮ֮һ־ڱصã
Уӹš
ѪԺΪ졣
죬һ족
죬һѪԺ˽еĵط񣬳
죬һĿռ䣬һȺλ˽ȥ
ֵܡ
ʱԶһ
ɻ󣬻ͷȥ
ȴԼȥԶ
ϸһ˿΢Ц

ʱվڳﲻԶλ񣬶һĿⶼ˳ϡ
ڵĳѪԺλеġˡ
սѪԺһ꣬͸ɵһںֹλ
ֹһ룬Ǹλ˵ִ죬ѰȴҲ˼ˡ
һ˵˳ǰ
֪γƺ
ϴƵЦݡ
ֵܽҡ޳ɡͺˡ
Ц
ͷűһǰȥ
һǣһ̨ڸ̨ΧΧ˲ˡ
ֵܣȥáơ
޳Ц
ƣ
һ㶡
ܿ죬ˣԭ̨ΧλǵúƵġ
ֻҪǱλ񶼿õӦĺơ
Ȼ޳һȥģЩȻǾҵģõ135ţ޳õ268š
ôоμӵûˣ
￴˿ΧЩ졣
ѪԺйأؾλֻλܲ뾺ںϷλ񣬱Ͳࡣ˲Ŷ࣬˵Ҳˡ
޳ֵ
ˣҲˣ
ﲻզࡣ
ںϣͲһ򵥵¡λΪѾں˷ֻҪͻƵλ񣬱ֱ죡պͻƵλ񣬿ֱ졣
޳ɻ˵
ͷ
λ񣬾ͻƵλλҲֻܵ졢졣
ǵԣһ̶ϱȽϲ
ѪԺȻὫԺõλλ
ڣҲ⣬ΪλϻΪԼȡƣΪˡ
ԭһУΪ·
˿̣Իϵĸм˼֡
Ҳв֡
޳ɵС
һۿȥڶķһӰȺƺƵ
ܿ죬̨һ࣬ѪԺĳϿʼ˵˵Ĺء
޷ǾԺƶսǿʮˡ
һŶԶţŶĺţŶšơ
һţţ
ܿ죬ѪԺ˳һ£̤ն𣬿ʼ֡
貵ŷԺһ
ƾС
һʤһӮʤ
Ŀˡ
̻ѸߣóЩۻң˯
޳ɷֳ״̬ҡͷһЦ
135ţ136ţ
˳ϵ˳
ô͵ˣ
Щȡ
޳Ц⿼ˣÿ˼ӲӲһս಻ʮͽˡ
ͷ̤ն
Ķ֣һˡ
׳˶üһ־Եӡǣʻ״ɫ
ţ
տüĵĻӡһۣȻЩʧɫ
ʶüĵӡǣǿô򵥡

˶Գһͷ
ʶң
һ㶡
ȡٺҼ㡭Ŀɱʤ٣գұһս
ս
㵽ף
ͷһЦ
ֻǣЦݺܿˡ
죡
ʲô

һ¡绯һڽʯһҲ
Сˡǻһ壬óı
ں˻ʱ䣬üĵһӡǾͻ˹ɢһ˿˿˵Ϣ
ܵϢɫޱȡ


555 һо
꣬ǳߵλĵһһ壡
һ壿
Ŀ⣬üĵĻӡϣǻӡǣ˹ɢһ˿˿ϢͬʱһֱӶ
𵴣ɻӰΣ
ߣ
Ŀ΢䣬ʶĿ¡
ԷλУٮٮߡ
Ȼ
˫һɵ֮죬һָ
ָ
Хӭ˶Է
ͣ
ɲǼ䣬ײһ
ž
һ̣״顣
ХֱӺüġ
䣡
һڡ

ʱҲԼ
ȻԷѾ䣬Էԩ޳ҲûҪϾɱ
û뵽㲻ֻǿλУҲ˵Ƿ켫ĵزķڷѪԺλУѾĶ֡
Ŀһķڷ
ϡ
ͷֱ뿪
ǳ
ǿ⡮ҡôҲǻһˣóλУ̳ȴǲ
˵Ҳǿں˷λ֣ʩչ޷ƿķ

λ۷׷ףؿų뿪
ǿǿǿҲζ
λ񣬼Ժɨʣµλˡ
£󣬳صõ˽롰ؾʸ
޳ڶʮʮʱ򣬲̭
ϲ
޳ȻûõᣬȴԵعϲ
лл
΢΢һЦ
˵ȻؾѾȷϣչȥĹأ˾͸ýˡ
Ȼ
˳ϵݶԺһȡýؾʸʮλҪġһˡǿλ񣬽õ׾ʹ͡
׾
˳ϻ䣬ֳ֮˷
Ȼ׾
ԺȥƬ֮ءջ񡣡
׾Ǻö

ܶλ˳ĶС
﷢֣޳Ҳ΢Щһ㶣޳ɣ׾ʲô
޳һֱӵ׾̺֮ľ塭ͬ򷨵񾧡еķ׾κ˵õֻҪеͿԴ֮򡭡ɼϣ˲ɼϣһʣµɼʣ򡣡
֮
˲
Ŀһ
Թȥ֮
ȻǳĻ֮Ҳôġ
֮Ѷȸڻ֮
ף𣬸Ϊ
׾
Ŀ

ʱǿ˳϶ˣֻһ̧֣֮УͻȻһɫĹ֣ˮ֮ɣӨ͸
õؾǰʮʮλ񣬶ȥ
˳ϵңң
һʱ䣬һЩȥλҲͣ˽ŲµؿŽһĻ
Ŀһ̤ն
ɫ֣ûֱӴ͸롣
ʱľҲȥˡ
ڣʮ˿ʼսɫ֣Ϊ䣡Ȼ䣬Ҳ뿪ˮ֮۵ġˮĻֻҪͷһת뿪
˳ϼ˵
ս
Χ۵һȺλ񣬸Ӽ
ʮǿλս
ѵһĳ档
üͷ΢ƣҲʶľˣٶĿϡ
̭
ǷһĨЦ⡣
ˣ˶ʵһ㡣
ټǶں˷򣬱𵱳ɱĶֻǿ
ʼ
˳ϵ˵
ȻĿ⣬һɫӰϣһ
ֻ֪ΪԺ˻ó׾
ֻǣСһܲԺõ׾
ڵĴƺЩס
̭˳ٿʼΣ
ˮĻ֮Уһһλ񣬻ˡ
ԣ
Ҳ޳ɡ

Ļõ˵Ͽɡ
ߣȻˣֶԸĹУΥǵԼؽֹܵ
λٴοڡ
ҲĻ˲ع
Ӧˡ
˶û
һʱ䣬ͱΧסݸ
ô
Զ޳ɿһĻüͷ΢壬Щĵؿ
֪ǿǶﲢûǵһŲƿķ
ſλųڡ
û֮ˣԸ
ʱһսλ񿪿ˡ
ֹȷֻΪͷ󻼡̭
㿴ûбˡ
һЦΪ⡣

λ޷ƿ⼸ƾǵƷѵܱλǿ
ϣ
һըװ𣬾˼ͬһʱ䶯ˣֱӳ绯˾ŵ⡣
Ÿλͬʱ֣ƺ嫣ѹȶ
ŹɫȫͬںϷ򣬰Х
߼һȣֱӳ
⻹εҲ趯Ź˳
û߼վԭأɽ
Ŀ⣬֮ϡ
˵
вԶ߼в
Χ۵һȺλ񣬶סˡ
ʲô
ҪӲ߼
ȻǿҲ¶Ĺɶﲢû߼λҲҪâԹֵǡﵹãʲô
ҪΪԼԴ󸶳ۡ

λ񣬼óҪ߼֮¡

޳ңңųȻദãȴҲ֪ﲻһçײ֮ˡ
Ȼ϶ԭ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

̼䣬߼Яߵ嫵ߵںϷӰΣ˳ϡ
𵴣
ֻǣһ̣߼ˣԼΧ۵һȺλ񣬳ɵˡ
վˣ
һֻۣ΢˦˼¡
ֻˡ
˿̣һһ˶ֵ

磬ֻطʹâںϵűɫ԰׵λȥ
һ֮£
Я֮
ɲǼ䣬λи־ͷһתʧԭء
ӰˮĻ֮⡣

ʱʣµҲӦ˹׷׶
ߣ
һߣͻأ

ɲǼ䣬Ƶĳˡ
˻ʱѾ˵ߣһһ̭
ʣˡ
֮ɡָХ֣˵˹ȥ
ɲǼ䣬˵顣
һһ̭
һʱ䣬ˮĻγɵĹ֮Уֻʣ³һվ
һоţȡʤ


556 ؾ
˳˳һۣȻž޲ȴ˾κˡ
ƺЩ⣬ΪԺ˻ó׾
Сһֱ
λ˿£Ϊλλ񡭡
ѪԺУмĶ֣

˳̧֣һö˸ɫ׵ľ壬Ӷ£
ֽӹֱԿ˳һͷлϡ
лӦõġº󣬻طϣʱ˴ǰؾ
˳˳һ䣬Ҳ֪ꡣ
ͷ
ܿ죬λɢȥ֮˲ٵĿ⡣
ﲻΪ⣬ƵĿ⣬ڵ͵ȷλʱԹΡ
ϲ
޳л
лл
ͷ޳һص󣬷ֱֵӻԼľ
ȡ׾λУ̽ؽ׾
ɲǼ䣬ֻоߴըǰ˸һɫ
֮׵硣
ɲ֮䣬·ඥͺһ㡣
ͺˣ
˫һʱ˿̣׾Ѿʧȥ˹󣬻˲۵ľ塣
ţ΢΢һȭ
λ֡
ɲǼ䣬ɫλΧ˸һϸСɫΧϡԿһ㵭ɫǡ֮򡱡
޳˵ɼ˲򣿿
λ֮ϸֳԵЦݡ
֮򣬸ֻطʹâֲͬ
ףƫڡŰֻطġʹâġۡȫͬȫǲͬʵķ
ǽںϣ
˫һﰵ
ֻǣҪںϵ̸ַס
ںֻطʹâ򣬻Ϊڵ͵ȷλʱ򣬹ȥĴâֻط֮ϣ˳ںϡ
ﾲϤ֮¹ȥûѰκַںϵ
ףԼ̫ļˡ
Ҳóˡ
˿뿪˾ǰ졣
ʱ򣬾ͷŸλҲˣֻˣ⻹վԶʱĿɨǣžӸµӡ
λ񣿡
µЩ˵ݣӦһνȥؾλ
Ÿλϴΰ˳˿̿ųĿ⣬ԶЩ˸
һԡ
ҲΪ⣬ҲûͶԷΪ顣
ܿ죬λҲˡ
˵һӰԶͺʩչڡس족ֶΣת۾˵ǰ
һλˣһۣ׺ӡüë
ؾϡ
ʱһȺλ񹧾к
ʣµλæк
Ŀڰ˵ϣ΢Щ졣
ؾϣ
ã˵ĿպɨͳһۣԳͷһЦ
ϰ졣
ʱ˵ˡ
죿
Ŀһ
֪ѪԺĸ߲ס֮أǡؾȻڰ죿
ʮλλһ𣬸˵뿪죬ֱǰ졭
ھ͵ʱ򣬳Ҳ˲λ
һ˸յ졣
ԶһӰӰζ
ϣ
һ۵ˣЩȡ
Ȼûʧ
ϵͷһЦ
ʮλĿ΢ҲЩ죬û뵽һλ񣬾Ȼͳô硣
Ҫ֪ƽʱϿǴӲۿЩλģ˵λ
ǲںϷλ񣬳Ҳ
ϣ߰ɡ
ˣҲؾϸϴк
ܿ죬ѪԺϵĴ£һ˰챱ߵľͷ
ǰһ˸߲תš
֮ǰϡԿһλվɽػС
һ˵˻վԭأûж
ؾϺͻϣƺҲ˾ռߣеȣҲûкֱӿˣʮλȽ
ؾϿڣʮλᳵ·߲ʰ쵵С
ŤתǵӰû
ʱλҲһһ롣
ȥ֮ܶͶ롭Խ룬Խ졣
ʱĶߴ˻ϵĴ
ס
ӦһҲ߲С
ɲǼ䣬ֻоһֶ˽ȥ
һƬãԶϡԿһĺɫЩɫʯһ졭
ϢΪơ
ʱ򣬳Ҳ֣֮ǰλӶȥмѾûں֮
ЩλȴӰ١
²⣬ǿѾ˺

һֱǰĺ
ϵĻûǡ
⡰ؾ֮УֻԽ룬ܵõԽĺô
ֱȥ
أ͸оĺܶƺԽԽǰеٶȣҲ
ţ
￴ԶһսλųصĲߡȻǵٶȴԽԽ߲ˡ
ߵһˮƽߵʱҲо˾޴ѹ
ĺܶȣȷʵˡ
֮ϢڣȴҲڵ
룡
Ŀһֳ̧ɵһ
ɲǼ䣬ǰĺնΣҲ֮˽ȥܿͱ֡
Զλ¶һ˿
ΪǾͲùƿЩ
һλм
ߣƿΣ޷ЩѹҲֻֿԣڻᱻֱѹ
һλֵ
Щ޾ʯ֮Դ۶ɣ
ѪԺҲλλƾһ˺ҲûгԱ
񣬳ﻹ롣
ȻܶԽԽֲԼӲס˺ļѹ֮
ţ
ͻȻ﷢ǰӰڸ
λ
˿̣λҲǴ粽С
ܿ죬Ҳ˳Դ㵡
촫÷зǸ
ǡ
Ȼܵƺûоʲôѹ
˵Ӳ߸ں˷λƾ֡Ϊ£λ񣬶Ȳϡ
ߣλʲôǿֻࡣ
ҲãӦʲôǿĻΡ

λ񣬿ųߣ˽
üͷ΢ơ
λۣҲˡ
˵ࣿ
ҲЩ
ͨĺôѾ˵ĵزˡ
Ҳǣһ࣬ôµ
룡
ĿһƵţǰ·˻ӰӶ
һλԽ
𣡡
ͻȻǰһ޺ǰĳ˲סӰͬʱɫһ䡣
ﻹޣ


557 ʱ
𣡡
޺ԽԽѹȶóﲻɶסΣһߵֵѹȶĺһһԶ
ԶһŶġڳע֮£𽥵۳ͣһֻޣֱſѪڣε˸˵Ĺ󣬷·ԶһС
һ
η壬ӭȥ

޵ˣһҧڳϣȴ޷Գκ˺

ӹһ˿
𡫡
ֶԳ˻ٴγȴȻûжԳκ˺
治Զλ񿴵һĻסˡ
Ȼ塮ޡĹ
ķ̫ˡ
˵ţӹһ˿Ȼλܵ˵ز
ܿ죬˵ɫͱˡ
ΪǷֻ֣ۿκβ˳Ȼǡ
ߣ
˻ͷˣ޼˳
ϾǳĴޡ
ޣһʯ֮Դεĺ֮Уƽʱڳ˯״̬˽Ǿѣһǲˡ
￴λһȻ
ǵʲôޣ
ӹһ˿ɻ
ǰţƵ·֪˶á
·ޣԽԽ࣬Χ˹
϶ᾪĪһλ񣬾Ȼʮֻ޴룬ֻܸצ
ĺܶȣ¾λţҲԵ
üͷ΢ﰵ
񣬺ڣλС
ҺЩ޶óģһֻóұɣ
￴˿ޣЩۿκҲ𽥵ɢȥ
ǰš
棬ؾ棬ʲô
ţѪԺԺǳϣҲǰһξ룬棬ǣҲԽ롣
롣
뵽һƬѹɪɪĿռ䡣
۾Ǻ·ֻƾֱ
ˣûоͷ
󣬳оԼƺãҡҡͷ֮Уɺѹ
ʱʼ˳źǹԼλ
ţȥ֮ǰȻͻƵλ
ɲǳܵĵط
ﾡţԭʼ֮Ƭռĺ̲֮صʯ֮Դ
Щʯ֮ԴǸߵλ⣬ŨĴڡ
رǳطʯ֮ԴŨ̶ȣġƷʯ
֪˶á
ԸоԼڵλѾ˼ޣ͡
ֻǣڵһУȴûܵλļѹһ㣬תš
ƺһ㡣
üڵȴѾ˼ޣ޷ٴաţ
󣬳¶˾ġ
ٿڵһкġʱ֮òԶյʱᡭ
ʱֿԾʯ֮Դ
֪䣬ٴζС
ƣ
һ
ʱһԼ꾹Ȼܹͨǡ֮ӡˡѾʶһ֮ӣһλڶλλ
һ㣬ǡռ
ڡռ֮񡱵
ڳǣλԼڵλתʱ
ڳʱ֮һƬա
յʱ䣬ֹһжڻС
ʱ֮еĺ͵һȻһûǵ
һгȭͷСĵ
ɫĵ֮Уһ
ؾ֮У˺һ졭
￴һĻȻĪ
ߵλѾʶߵλĿռǶôȶǿλǿѪԺԺںֹĴڣҲ޷˺ѿռ䡣
ŹֵĵȻ˺ѿռ䡣
ಣ
ܿ죬Źֵĺڵӹһڹ⣬ǿռѷ죬ʧ
ѷպϣһоͺûз
ʱҲ˫
һλתóϲѡ
֪ԼͻƵλˣ
ؾƺûнȥ˼뿴
һǰ
λںϷ·࡭
ǰ棬ȻûгһֻޣóҲоЩ֡
ǡ
ͻȻ﷢֣һƬīĿռУȻһϸС⡣
ڳǰ澡ͷ
ʲôط
ܿ϶ﲻԼսؾһطһˡ
ڣǰ⣬ԽԽ
ܿ죬߳˺һƬ򡭡
ǰģһƬ̴ïĿռ䣬ǲƵİͺһ˼ɾ
˼ɾУһͤͤһ࣬һȪڹ
ʲôط
Ĵɻʶɨûзκ̡
оطͺؾеġԴ
һ۹ĶȪһ֣ϵ·ȥ
һ˿ңԾ˽ȥ
Ȫ͵Ǭ½ݹȫͬ˵Ǭ½ȪȣȪǹ̡
Ƕͨ˽룬Ƭ̾ͻᱻ졣
ֻǣȴ֣ЩȪӿԼԼҲûиож̡
ΪԼǿɡ
ﰵ롣
ȪһߣϢţһ·ƣƺҲȻ޴ˡ
񣬳Ȫţϣȴһư׹ӶЩ׹⣬Դڹ̵Ȫ֮С

ͻȻ΢ƺʲôԶ
ؾƵĿռ䣬һƺȻӳֱ
ô£
ﻹûô£ͳڣڵλ
ɣ
ƺʶʲôһ㵡
ˣ
һٴι֮ͨӡ
ڳΪԼҪλɱλʱ꣬ȴûнӴλ
ֱӿ˵λ˵ĲĿռ
Ӵ˵ġ
ǣĲǿռ㣬Ѳɾʱ
оһ㵡
ʱʱ֮ʱ֮ȴ翵Ĵڡ
ѵƷֱӿԳɾ͡ʱ֮񡯣ڿռ֮֮ϣߵλ棿
ڳﾡʱȻʱȴҲ޷ǣ˵ԼλԼһɳˡ
ʱɢϢɪɪ
ˣ
ʱ﷢֣ԼڵŤת
һʱǡ֮ӡĵõ֮ڣ֮ڣʧ
һַ֣Լ֮ʧȥϵ
׸һ
ӦڵλҡͷЦ
˿ȴǲ֪ΪղŻԵɺ´ˡʱøߵλһЩǿڡ׷ױ


558 Ӷ
̲ǳڵѪԺڵһƬ
ƫƧɽơ
֪ڣȴһݻĹ
񣬹֮ϣռѿ
һݵӰƾճ֡
һˣʮ꣬һ˫ɣӣȴ
ɣǵӣӹһ˿
ʲôˣʱѵʱ֮ף
˵š
˳޾£ǵһ¡
̲ΪңԶ֮ء
һղյԭʼɭ֮УһӰ۳Σһͷ
ͷһãһ˫ǵӣȻɲǼ˵Ĺ⻪·ԶһС
ʱʲôˣ
ͷ

Ƶطš
һоĳȴ˿֪ɳȪС
䣡
һ
·ԺٴγԶĺռ䡣
е
λڷڣһȥλ
ʱȻš
ڳãԼֻһЩͿͻƵλʱ

һǿѹȶ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֣ؾ֧顭
޼ĺ
ǰһ֮ǰϡһƬ˼ɾͤȪûؾ֧ʧ
һطͺȫһ㡣
ԶԶȥһ֮ϵС졭
ѵؾ
һʶԼܴһδ֪ĵط
ǰһڣٴλعͷԼؾ֮⡣
˿̣ľŸλʮλҲˡ
ֻǣʮŸλλĿŹֵؿų
λˣΪﻹúúõġ
λˣϡӦϺƵϢ
˵սѪԺûõķλ񣬾ͻˣ

ڣؾٴγ֡
һԶҲûзֻϵ١
ʮλͻˡ
ؾϵĿ⣬ڰڵ߸ϡ
ǣԭֻλ
ʮλȴһͻƵλ񣬱ϾλҪΪλ񣬹̽λΪλҪѵöࡣ
ؾϵĴ£һ뿪˰졣
ʮԭλ񣬻ص졣
ڳ߸սλҪ죬һλ
ﵹûżȻ졣
Ҫȥˣ
޳ۿﵽ˵ԵɣҲ̫ȡ
ϾؾλкֱܴͻƵλ񣬾ʱͻƣ뿪ؾúһˮɵͻơ
΢ЦͷλֻҪǸеġ
Ҿףսλ񡣡
޳ҲЦ
޳ɸ뿪󣬳ֱӵ죬ֵ졣
ţѰ
ڱҵһλ

ֱ¡
ţ
λüͷһ壬ʲôˣ
㻻Ƶˡ
ﵭڡ
ƣ
λǷЦӦǸմؾλֻǣΪսλ񣬾ҵĶ֣
һ䣬λͶˡ
֣һѪºХɭȻںϷ
λںϷں˷֮ͻ֮
ٶȿ죬ǿ
ֻǣעС˳
粽ֱײȥ
ˣ
ѪȻȴ޷˺ֺ
㡭
λɫһ䣬ǾǸ
һ㶣ʶң
ȴǲ֪죬һоŵսѾ˶쵽졭
λҲ֪ѪԺ˳ôһ뺷
֪ǿҲҲĶֻ֡ǣȰ㻹ǱҵƵ⡣
λɫһв
Ϊʲô
˫𣬵Щˡ
ѪԺأȡƣҪԼʵȥᡣ
ʵãעסԼơ
ʦλ񡣡
λ˫һϸֳһ˿
ԭΪ֪һк󣬻֪Ѷˡ
˭֪

ЦЦؿǰλ
λ
Ρ
գƣѵԷѪԺԼɱ
㡭
λɫһ䣬ൽĿ⣬ȻӳԼƣڵģ
ӹλƣֽԼӸ˶ԷӦõġ
λӹƣҪѪ
ۿλ뿪ƣ֪ܿԼġסڡ
Ǹλвûзϡ
ס˼գ뿪ˡ
Ǹȥ׬ȡһЩʯˡ
һֱ뿪죬뿪ѪԺڵһĿռ䡣
صѪǡ
ѪǣֱһʵĽ֮ڣ˶¥
Ǹߵλе׬ȡʯĵطҲ֮ΪӶᡱ
һҪ׬ȡʯҪطȡ
ЩǳѪԺļ֪ġ
ϣвʯҪǬ½ҪɶѸʮöƷʯ
ҲֻܻȥһΡ
ԣ㣬ļ꣬ȥһЩ׬ȡһЩʯ
ֻõʯԣҲʱȥ
Ӷ¥ãϡԿλڸ̨Ͻȡ񣬵ȻҲλڽƷȡʯ
һ̨ǰ
̨棬һ欵Ůӣһ˫۷·˵ӹһ˿ģλˣʲôҪ𣿡
ͷȡ񡣡
Ůӵ˵ͷ̧־ȡһСӣˣ
Сӡ
֣񣬴ͻȥѰһЩϡҩġʯ֮ġ
ң궼ࡣ
һҲֻʮöƷʯ
ȻҲ֪λһҲˡ
ˣں˷򣿡
ŮӶԳ˸ۣʡ
ţں֡
ͷ
ǿԽȡ񡭡һ͵ͻ񣬷ǡ̻ᡯ֪Ҫʮں˷λ⣬λں˷λ񡣡
Ůָһ
￴˹ȥʮöƷʯꡭǡʲôط
ŮӶڳġ֪Ҳȣ˵ǣǱ̲𹬡ڵĳУλڱ̲̻Ĵ͡󡯴Ļʱ䣬һء
£ʮöƷʯ
ںϷλ
ò˵ȷʵˣȫҲߡ
У񡣡
ͷ
õģϽöƷʯΪԤΥԼ𡯡ԤΥԼ֮ǹӶὫ黹ʮöƷʯ޹ء
Ůӵ˵ͷ˵
ͷصҲ
ϾڹӶȡ񣬵ʱˣùӶ᲻öԷĿ˽
ΥԼ𣬾Ͳͬˡ


559 
ϽˡԤΥԼ𡱣̻
ףҲǰŴھѺڣֻҪ͵ĿĵءǡȻٻ̶̻ӻ
ܿ죬չӶָѪ⡣
ƽԭһ
󲻴СҲͺͳǰڵĵ͵ȷλĴʺ󣬲ȴûô£ͣһˮߵġ
󸽽Ѿϡϡվˡ
ճ²⣬Ӧúһǽ˹Ӷˡ
ܿ죬ˡ
Уǽġ
ڣʮ˶ˡ
ʱˣһˣһӣǰ棬ݼżưӸ¸ųˣǽ忴󣬱󡭡
˵ֻ꣬صϡ
ʱһ࣬һһ˵
ֻҪ񣬹ӶᶼΪ
Ҳ
Ϻܿ߶һЩλһλͿʼĿ񣬶Χӣš
ܿ죬ˡ
λֻҪ̻һ˵Ļ͵ǣɸλͻѪǣλ񡣡
ʱ˿ˣ˵Ҳصӵߡ
̻ᣬˣ
ﻺ˫ĿӺ˵ϡ
ں˷λʮں˷λ񣬿Ҫ͵ĻҲһ㡣
ಣ
ٶȺܿ죬ʺ˲֪١
Ȼ컯ûñȡ
컯̣ǰɱˡ
ڵ컯̵ٶȣԷӵ¡Щں˶ַλҲδرȵҡ
һ
ۼʶġ
ֵܡ
ͻȻߴһ
ŷ֣һݼԺӣߡ
ţ
΢Щ裬Ͼʶӡ
ӻǿ˳ľ裬һЦʵһԣҲû˵
µֵЩˣԷȻ˵Ҳöʡ
¹ȥһ·ϻƽȡ
ͻȻ
̶ĺХԶԽԽ
ã
ʱߴһͺȣȴǸɫԶХļ󣬵ͺһǡߡ
ߣߵλתְڽӵĴڡ
ߣ
ĿһƣҲվȴվһԡ
ܾãЩ⡣
λûзӦȻ췴Ӧ˹
ң﷢֣Ŀ⣬Զ̻ϣһ˫ӣӹһ˿̰
ףһΣյˡ
ߣЩߡ
λеһˣһ̻ˣ˵
ȻǾбȫ
ߣ
λһȣӶңңԶӶ
ʣµλ񣬳˳ͺ⣬Ҳλ񡭡
ʱµˡ
ôȥæ
̻ӣʡ
Ҳؿųͺˡ
һЦǡ
˻ûȫ£Ͷˣ̧֮䣬ɫںϷֱӶų˹ȥ
ɫһ䡣
䣡
վûжȥﱻ˳ȥ
λ񣡡
Ŀһ䣬ʶƺˣȻʵȻһλ
ףһλ񣬾ܵһ
Щȵؿ˳һۣͻȻЦˣֵܣҿ㻹˳ۣ߰ɡ˻ˮͱպˡ
˵̻꣬ˡ
ɫһ䣬㽫Щģ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱԶµĺը
￴ȥȴλ˸λȫˡ
ʮһΪȫˣ
Ϊߵλġ񡱣޾Ϊһʯȫˡ
ӹһ˿
ܿ죬ЩϳĲλ񣬽Χס
ɫһ
ҵѣߣ
˿ˣʱһȺλɢ˺˵ߡ
˫һ˵ʲô
ߣ
Щˣߡ
ܿ죬﷢һ㣬Щλվں˵͸¶Եľη
е񡰾ˡ
̻ˣǵĶǲǸûˣ
Ŀһϵġ񡱵Ȼ޴棬ȡ֮Į
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ɫһ䡣
̻ѪǸˣүԼθʲôȥӦò᲻֪ɣ
ʡ
㡭ǡˣ
ߵˣɫ䡣

ӵɫҲˣ˫һӶһ⣬Զ
˼˲䣬ͳ˷һȺˣһ嫣ϷХΪȡѵĻᡭ
ˣ
ֻϧֻһ棬˾ˡ
תۼ䣬ڵһȺˣӶƬ̾׷Ǹӣɱȡָ
վԶƽؿһС
û뵽ҵһ¡
Ц
ܿ죬Χһλ񣬻صǵ
˵ϣָ˼ֺ˳ߡ
ΪʲôŹң
˫΢Уʡ
֮ǰ֣Ҳʶֻ̽Եĳ֡ûȫ
ʱ㽫һں˷ͨλҲˡ
УЩ⣬֮ǰΪֻԼڨȴûһȺˡ
ܾãһԭġ
ΪһϤϢ
˫һĿƺЩƮ졣
ʲô˼
һ㶡
ҡͷһЦ꣬Ҹմӵ͵ȷλߵλ治ãһλʱһλλ˳֣ɱǸλ񣬾ҡϵϢɢϢΪơû´ӦҲһߣпǺͬһ͵ȷλˡ
⻹ܴϢֱ
һ㶡
΢΢ͷó֪ԶһˡҿԸоҲѰλǿǿţҾȫʩΪҲδ
һۣ֮ǰ˵Ǹˣ֪ʲôط
һǰˡ
΢΢ҡͷֵʱʵӦþڸһҲ֪ʲôطֻ֪СѰ
ѰѰۣ
סˡ
ôʶ
Щȣһǵãʱ֣һССַ̺һǸںַλͱɱˡ
뵽һĻ黹Щ
һμǿ߳֡
һ
С
˿еλѰˡ


560 ս
ںַ
ﲻզ࣬Ѱ۵ߵλҲ̫˰ɣ
ɣ
ʱԶһϣһλ˳ңңźˣü
ˣ
ɴӦһԳһЦڡ
ۿɵȥЩпû뵽ԼһӶ񣬾Ľֽ
ڸղŵ£ﲢûзϡ
ղţ˵ûɱ˼УҲܼʱߣ컯ڣĲߵ⡣
ʲôط
ܿ죬ͻȻʶԼ·ˣ
֪Ѫıߡ
֪һˡ
Ҳ뿪ˣоΪΡ
һ˸߶ȥ
Ҳ֪Լ˶ãֱǰӰŻع
ԽǰͷԽˡ
֮󣬳￴һУԶûСѪǡ󣬿ȴޱȣһۿȥ˵Ҳгɰǧ˽С
λֵܣʲôطôô֣
￴һеˣɿȥʵ
սǶ֪
˿ųĿͺڿһİˡ
սǣʲô
ɻ
սǣľǡսޡ
˻˵
˿У֪սʲôĴڡ
ԭսǰսǵĴͳÿʮһΣڰսлáսʤɼˣõսǵķʯ
սޣȡ
һȣλսޡ
ڶȣλսޡ
һȣλսޡ
Ͼܲλλλλս
ƺе˼
˫һҪľʯ
Ȼ֪影ʯԿ϶Բ١
ôҲȤ
ʡ
ͷȥֻ׼μǰսޣ
ȻǲμӰսޡ
˫һ¶˼ȡ
һ˰սǣڼ䣬Ҳ֪˵֣ΪĽҲһλ񣬾ԣѾںַ򡭡
λںַ𾪡
Ҳû뵽Լһλʵôǿ
ںϣһʩչȫס
һѪǣԿѪеĽܼ򵥣Ѫһ䶷ޣ䶷޵ΧĹϯ
ԼԿ䶷ϿйǽնС
⵽˳Ŀ⣬Ľ͵Ҫս޹ۿϽʮöƷʯȻμӰս޵Ҫÿʮİսޣ˵ġ
ˣ
ңңǰսΧλЩ¡
Щλ˵Ҳʮ򡭡
ʮˣÿʮöƷʯ
һٶƷʯ
൱һöƷʯ
սǣ׬ˣ
ﰵ
ߣȥսޣΪս֮ˣȥ볡ѡϾ˰սޣǾۣ
Ľ˵
ͷ
տʼﻹΪԼԲϽʯȴû뵽ⱨѾǶʮöƷʯ
Ѫ
ﰵ̡
ˣﻹǷв˱
λ
ʱһս޵ĹԱкһȺλ񣬽һĽȺС
⽨Ⱥ澡ǳ֧һ༭
ʲô
ɻʵ
ĽֻҪǱ˰ս֮ˣλλλ񡭡Զֻаܵϰսޣ
ˣ
üͷһ壬һλˡ϶СѵҪǵоѡǿİˣ
ǡ
Ľͷ
һȻ۵ʲôطǿʳ
֮ڣѡˣʽİս֮쿴ˣ඼ǱμӰս޵ġ֣ȫֵˡ
Ľ˵
ͷ
ҹĻ٣ʮλ
ڳλ˵Ҳǧˡ

ͻȻ䣬Ⱥ֮ڣһ֣ƺһȺλȥ
ಣ
һλڹֳֵɲǾͶˣߵһ˺ɱ
ɲǼ䣬еλʼս
ǡ
һ㶡
ʱԶһˣ
ˣ
һƵ£ﵲһȴĽˡ
ߣ
ĽһһƳλں˲佫Էĩ
֮򡢷֮֮ںϣ
ĿһĽںϵַʲô
սУһˣİսϵǳ
ĽԳ˵
ҲŶˣ۳ɷɵÿһγ֣һλ
ûλܶ㿪һ
ȻλҲںַλ
û㻹ʵ
ĽЩȡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һը촫ɨһλ䡣
ҲɱЩľˡ
ɵµλҲжˡ
ֻ֪ɱɱɱ

ͻȻ䣬һȴֽȺĹʧˡ
ʱڣڳλͣЪ
һۿȥʣµλʣһˡ
սǵЧʻͦߵġ
ˣߣúܡ
ʱһˣնųˣһӴ󡢺ཨȺС
ŷ֣ЩȺڿջ
ر߼Ŀջ
ÿһԺ䣬Ϊ
ĽǱֵڵԺ䡣
úܰɡ
﷢֣ĽԼԺ֮ǰĽؿһۡ
տʼ֪ô£߽Ժ䣬ʶĽ˼
ԭԺ֮УŮվȴš
Ůλ
ˣò͡
Ůź£￪ʼðս׼õĴͣо⣬ҲԵʹ졣
ˣҪź𣿡
ŮͬؿۣŲŪš
ã뿪ɣԼϢһᡣ
ܾŮŮ֪һȤûС
㾹ȻܾǡӦһźҡ
Ů뿪󲻾ãԺ䴫Ľ
һӦĸ𣿡
û
ˣ˵ԼС
Ľһ
ﲻطϢȥˣȴս޵Ŀʼ
ˣһûгΪսλġҪǬ½һˡ֪䣬뿪Ǭ½Ѿˡ
ؾʱ䡣
ѪԺ졣

ӰѸһڿеĵ֮ǰ
ţ˲ڣ
֮УǸλüͷһơ
ߣʦ㣬㿪ˡһʱ㲻һ
λһ
ţʱ䣬ұסɡ
λ˵ͷкһš


561 ս
ڶһ磬Ľһ˰սޡ
սΧĹϯһרΪȲս֮׼ġ
սޣԽԽҲզ࣬ûãսΧĹϯˡ
Ľ˵һ㣬ϯ
ϣҿɲ顣
ĽԳ˵
һ
˫һ
Ǿͺá
ĽһЦ
ܿ죬սޱ㿪ʼˣսϿգһ׳˶ӰվȴһӣҲǽյˡ
ڣλλ볡
˻䣬ڳ︽ԶӰ˰սޣȴλ
λһںַ׾پͻ˶Է
ԷҲʶȤûλɱֱ֣ȥ
Աһ
һɱ֣ǾǾһ
ߣûںϵλҲ֣治֪ôͨյɸѡġ
︽ŵһλһмЦ
Ǳ˵ĴȰɡ
һ˻˵
Ŀ⣬ڳϵλϣһӮʤλֽӮʮһʱ졣
սΧзΪλʹ
λʵ
Ľ˵
ţҿĵ֮ͷ֮ϵòһӶĵ⣬ٶȿ죬ǿ
ΪȻ
ǸλֶΣںϷɵ⣬ڹͳ˵֮ͷ֮ŵԣںϷֶϣԳƵٮٮߡ
ܿ죬ͻʮʤ

ͻȻһ׳˶Ӱն¡
һƤֳͭɫˣƣĶͷϣȴһĶǣչҫ£ԣ
壡
ߣĽͫһ΢΢ݡ
ڳʲô¡塱ʱΧȺһڡ
壬ˣ
壬ųƸߵλ湥һ塭ȴ֪˵ʵΡ
ֻҪںַ򣬻ܣɱӦòʲô⡣

һ˳ĶС
壿
ߵλ湥һ壿
üͷһƣҲʶߵλ̫֪Ķǰ壬ȥĻһ塭Щࡣ
ƺҲ㲻ޡ
ɡ֣ɣ
ˣս޺䴫ڶǸĿǰΪֹȡʮʤλ˵
λԣɫһ
ͬΪλ񣬶һλеٮٮߣԼϡ
ôĿ֮䡣
ҵҪǷ紫Űǿ󡭡
λһɢս⡣
Ȼڤ粻飬Ҿһ̡
˿ڣλˡ
ಣ
ֻ˻ӰٶȻڲϵؼӿ졣
ԶԷһ·η壬ֱײ˹ȥ
ס
ؿλԶͷϵĶײλĵ⡣
͡
λͷļǣλŤתںϷ֮У뵶ײϣȻֱӺ˵⡣
ֻˡ
Ǹʮʤλ͵Ŀ£ˣ˶͸
ǰߵؿڣһ޴Ŀ
䣡
ʬأѪȾһأ
λʤ
ÿµĶǣ
˫һиּ־塭
ս޲׼ĶǣȴƵķڡ˵Ķǣ
Ľһ
ΪȻĿڰսϡ
ûκλȡʤΪλս޵ġ
̫ˡ
鴫
ȻҲʮ

ϯϣ۷׷ףһλǱŵɫס
ܿ죬ֵλİսޡ
ҲζųĽＴǳ
˿ʼûƽؿŰսϵɱ
ս֮λ񣬼ںַĴڡ
ȻⲻǾƾУеóеóһ֮ǡ
λɱλҪҵöࡣ
Ϊֹսʮ߳ʮˡ
վ̨ϵʱġһ֮ˣûϳġ
ǰȥģ֮ǰöԷһУΪ˼¡
Ȼսʤڵһ԰һУʤ¼
ʱš
սΧϯϵĹڣȻ죬Ϊʱ˿̣Щλ񣬳Ȼĵа֮𡭡
ÿ˵ģǷģ
ڣھʮ˳ˡ
ֻܾʤλеġ
ϻȣ
Ľ￴Цʡ
ڰսϵλһĽһ㣬ںַĴڡ
⡣
νʼ硣
ˡ
Ľ˵ͷһ˰սޡ
սϵλһӣĿ͸¶֮ɫ
ĽͳˣԲˬġĻֶ䣬Ļ֮У̺ˮ֮֮ʹ͸򡭡
ֻҪǱĻֵλ񣬵ĿǰΪֹûһܻġ

Ļֶ䣬Ļ֮꣬ЯżΪµĴ͸
ӵֶΡ
ӵĻĽһɫĹ֮
ֻˣ֮ı棬˸ɫȵĻ棬Ļÿһˮ׾׵磬Ǳɫ˺ѡ
䣡
Ľһ˻һӰһŻըɢ

ɲǼ䣬ʩչĻͱ顣
ں򣡡
ɫ䣬Ļƣһʱ·硣
Ļ֮ǰ֮ΪЩÿһںַںַĽȴʧˡ
пã
ĽֱӶȥĮ
Ķ硢𡭡
֮٣쵽¡
ɫ䣬Ҫ㿪ȻĽһȭַںϵһȭŷӶӵϡ
䣡
屻ըķѣ
ǿһȭ
󾪡
Ľղŵһȭɵĺһɫ̺֮һǳɫ̺֮һɫ̺֮
ǿ
Ѿںһַ򳹵ڻͨ
λУ˴ڣ𾪡

ϯϣ˴󾪡
ֵˣҲ΢΢ݣĽĿ⣬˼ɫ

ﶯˣֱ˰սޡ
ҵʵҲʶˡûаգɣ
Ľ￴ųһЦ
ǾͿǷܻˡ
Ц

ɲǼ䣬һԺһ
ٶȡ
ԶĽ
Ȼ˿̺ĽԺ䣬˿Ľȴ˳ȥ
ǿķ
Ľﾪؿ˳һۣ˸ࣿ
ûϻ


562 ɡ
һαΪ࣬Ҳ
Ҳˡ
Ľ￪˵

ĿһҲʶʶĽǿһȭ
ַӰΣںһ𣬻޼䡭
ǳߵλ󣬼ǿķֶΡ
һȭ
Ľﶯˣ磬𣬿񱩵һȭ˺ѳգХ
ٴγ֣һȭ˳
һӭȥ
ϯϵһȺˣɵˡ
˲ǴӲɣ
ʲôЦںϳĹλҲӷâãֱӲ
ߣǸߵλԷļ壬мλܿһ
ɣ

ϯϣ۷׷ףû˿ó
ĳȴվӭȥӲĽһȭ
䣡䣡䣡
ĺ̺˳ϣȴƿ
ȫסˣ
⡭
Ľһ㶡

ʱĽɫһ䣬ʱ˿̣۳͵ķɵѾĽĲϣֻҪһͿɱĽ
Ľݣˡ
ﵭһЦ
ǰҰˡ
ĽЦҲ
ԸԳΪλս޵ġ
ڽǺһ𷢷ŵġ
⡭˼飡
ϯϣһλ̲סվĿɿڴ
ʲô˿µķѵǼ֮һ
ԣǼĴڣҲôǿ
Ÿղŵһġ

ˣˡ
սϿգֵˣӶ΢û뵽һελ񣬳ûɫ
ջ㵲һλĹǰæˡķǵȳ̶ȵĹ
Ľ̾ȻûгΪλս޵ȴû˿⡣
ﵭһЦ
ţĽһۿλİսޡ
ѾΪĿĽ㣬ǻصϯ󣬻˲ٵĿ⡣
ԭʶġ
һЩˣĽ˵ЦȻѹûжɱ֡
Ľֿλս޵ļսλսޣǳںַǿߣֱȴֻʣ˻
һˣΪλս޵ġ
ʱսҲĻ
ԭΪֱȡˣȴû뵽Щ𡭡
λλλ㣬㣬Եõǰս޵Ľ
ɢ֮Ǹ޵ˣĽһλ
λһںַλ
һн
ĽЩȡ
أ
ܿ죬λǸüͷһ壬ңһ¼ȥ졣
⣬ҪλԼȥ졭λ
Ǹ޵кＸһ뿪
Ｘ˶һۺ󣬶ȥ
ܿ죬˰սǱߵһΰȺУԶһӴĹڼ˵ǰ
λǰսǵĳԷŽǡ
޵ˣԼڹſڣóＸ˽ȥ
ţ
üЩԡ
ƺЩףҪСһЩ󡣡
ĽĴʱش˳С
ͷҲоˡ
һЩƷʯڸô¡
Ȼ˳Ľ⣬ǸҲüƺҲЩɻ󣬲Ŀȴ˿ǶƷʯĿ

ڳһڹеͨʱԶһӰ۳Ρ
һ׳˶׺ӣƽעųＸˡ
εĻɫС
׺ӿ˳Ｘһۣ˵ͷ
ɫ
ɫһ䣬ʣµɫҲˡ
ʲôˣ
ɫһʵ
ʲôˣǿԽҰսǳҲԽҡɡ
׺һЦ
ɣ
Ľɫ䡣
ţ˵ң
׺ӵĿ⣬΢ɨĽһۡ
ûС
ĽҡͷЩܡ
׺ҲΪ⣬ǿųＸ˵Ŀ⣬ȴڿһ㡣

ڳЩ񲻶ʱĽĶУ˵һϲŭ޳ĸǿߡϲģԸߵ˵꣡ڿս޸һıǱ취뿪򣬱ɣ
ꣿ
һȴ¶κɫ
ǳҵĽأ
ûʶΣյĽ٣̯֣ʡ

׺ӣҲǡɡЦˣãھ͸㽱

ɲǼ䣬ſͣɲǼ䣬˶ˣһֻޣϻЩƣȴƬԡ

Ӳҽһü֮걻˳˻ɵĿС
⡭
λɫ䣬˿Ҳʶһжı
ƴˣ
˶һۣһͬʱ֡
ֻϧǵ֮ڻɵϣһ˿ۼû¡
Ͼֵǡ
ͷԣӣλϡ
ӣ
ߴĽ
ûгɣһȥ
ĽУٶȸ֡

ʱ﷢֣ĽХǣӡ
ûԹߡ
һ˿ů⡣
ĽҲʶһߵʱ̣Ԯ֣ɼһֵýύѡ
ӣ
λҲӦæߡ
ӣӵ𣿡
һɲǼ׷λ̵ǵꡣ
ڳĽظں棬ͺϷŪֻ󣬶һֻèһ㡭
֮⣬Ǹְս޵ˣһֱغ
Ľӳǰ档
Ľݣץң
ʱﱩһ
ĽȻ֪ʲô£ȴ־ץס˳˫硣

ɲǼ䣬ڳ£һ̡
˸⣬ŸӵķƣɬѶ
ಣ
һЯųĽ˲ʧԭء
Ǹְս޵ɵˣ׽ԷٶȣԷôǰӰ١
ۿ׷˳˹ʣˣҪȥ׷𣿡
׷ô׷
ɿԵͬʱ»Σ׺ٴγ֣ɫȴЩ
ɴˣֻλٶôô졭
ɻʵ
зܲ𣿡
һɨһۣôã׷Ϲ

ɵˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôرǷĹ
ռ֮£ûм׷Ϲġ
ں˾ַ۷λԡ


563 ػص͵ȷλ
ಣ
컯ٶȼ죬ת۾ʧڰսǵĸ
Գ֮ǿҲʩչ컯̵ٶȡ
һƫƧȺɽ֮УסΡ
ǹ
Ľ뿪컯̣ų컯̣Ŀɿڴ
ղų뿪ʱٶȣһǵٶȣгﵲǰ磬ᱻҵֱɨ顣
š
˵ͷȻĽ˳ҲζĽﵱѡ
һУԴĽ֮ǰʩԮ֡
ǵվ֮£ĽﶼûҪһ뿪ĽҲĽѡ
һΪɣû뵽˳
ĽЩ¡
ﵭһЦ
׼ֻҪǻҪӡ
ڱıûУܵı¾һġ
ܿ죬Ľɫֻǣû뵽ǰսƷʯͬʱҪɱսƴŻҫġҹƣǰҲȫǻ
ͷԿ϶
գ컯̣λҲɣ
ǣǻצΨһӳˡ
عǰսǵı
ĽһսϷŪҲһӻ
ǰսǶ꿪һΰսޣһʱ仹
ҡͷһЦ뵽ʲôĽĽݣ֮ǰ˵ǻǸǿߣʲô˼
ǿߣںַϵλ񡭡ڵı̲ĸںַλ񡣡
Ľ͵
˼ǣǻɵʵͱ̲൱
ʡ
ô˵ڷںϷ棬ڱ̲
Ľͷ
ںַ򡭡
룬;ЩͷƤ顭
ףں϶ַ򣬾Բںַܱȡ
ںַֻҪ֮໥ӦͿˡ
ںַȴҪ֮໥Ӧ
ںϷԽ࣬ѶԽ
ôƺڸǿߺܸȤ
Ľʡ
ҵǶԸǿ߸Ȥֻڸпں϶ַѶȶѡĽݣںַںַ򣬻˶೤ʱ䣿
ʡ
ɡ
ĽƬ̣˵
Ȼ
һЩ̾
ǿ˳˼ĽЦʣǷߣ
š
ͷôѵҲǷߣ
Ľͷ֪֮䣬Ҳˡʲôʱģ
ǰ
ʵ˵
Ľһ㶣ǰѵǵ͵ȷλλ񣿡
ǡ
ҡͷԼһ˵ǷߣΪβȥڵǸֻ֪ҪڵһؾĴڡ
ؾҺáǷ𹬡򣬲ʱΪҺͽʹ˳ͻûȥ𹬣һֱƯ֪ҲؾĴڣ뿪
Ľһ̾
ˣĽݣ֪ѪǷıߣ
ʡ
ҵǲҿԴ㵽ǡʱԸŹӶǰѪԺ̶һȥ
Ľｨ
Ҳֻˡ
ͷ
ƾ컯̵ٶȣʱ䣬Ľ档
컯̣Ľһ˳ǡ
Ǿʹ˱ˡ
Ľкһ׼𹬣ؾǰĴڡѾΣһΣȴǲٴˡ
ͷǾͺˡ
ţԺ㣬ᵽѪȥ
ĽͷͬʱȡһöīƬ
ǣ
档
ǴѶƬڵĵ͵ȷλĲƾƬֻҪʮ֮ڣԷ
Ľ˵
ôأ
ﾪȡ
ֱĽֿڹӶḽʵѶƬʶ⴫ѶƬ֮
ٴӶᣬоЩꡣ
ϴνӶᣬѪǣʱߵλһνȡȻȴ·ϱˡ
һΣٴνȡȴǷѪǡ
ҺαȽ˳·Ȼ˽ߣҲʵǿ׾پͱˡ
һº󣬳ٴλصѪǡ
صѪǣûȥѪԺȥء
ڵǸ⣬ٴμ
ֵܡ
ֻһڣ΢ЦԳк
һˣ
һ㶡
ţһ˵ֵ
ͷ
Ҵһ˵͵ȷλ档
˵
üͷһƣЩȣֵܣ㡭չʮöƷʯˣ
΢΢ͷ
Ŀ⸴ޱȣҲòʮöƷʯ
ܿ죬ĶȡһŹֵľӣһƸߵλĹС
ɲǼ䣬ϣʰ쵣һƵĴڣ
һĴڣʮȱڡ
ѣҲ֪ЩȱǸʲôģһ̧֣ʮöƷʯӳǶʮȱڡ
ȻʱһĻ֡
һöƷʯ¡
ֵܣĹƷʯǲص͵ȷλġ
˵
סˡ
ô죿
һöƷʯðɣԺٻҡ
ҧҧָȡһöƷʯݸ˳
¶м֮ɫȴҲûռˣöһЩƷʯ㣬ȻʮöƷʯ͵һöƷʯ
˵ţҲԣһʯ
ӦȴֳΣʧǰ
Էص͵ȷλȥˡ
Цҡͷ
ƷʯҲһСֵ֣ʮöƷʯ
û뵽˶ʮöƷʯ
ǰһԼ»صС
ֻˣʮöƷʯ·һԳ壬ڱǸߵλ桭
ѹҪʮöƷʯɲô֮ġ
һȫȻˡ
͸ٴλصǬ½֮Ĵҿռ䡣
һƬռ֮ڣµŰȻĴڳϣȴ˲ֺ
ˣ
˿ϸֳ˷ܡ
Ȼֻ뿪꣬Ƽ
֮Ŀռߣƽأ˺գصǬ½

컯̣һ֮䣬ͻصʢ֮
һص
ʹƽȻֶ䣬ȴûзɶټ˵ʱڡ
ɶأ
ɻһֱǰԪ롣
ɶȻ
ѣһҪȥߵλ硣
ɶΪĸǰȴСŮ
ɶǵ˸ߵλ棬ǳҲ㣬ָǺã
ʡ
ɶĬȻһȥ磬ҺѾûˡ
ˣˡ


564 
Ļɶһ㶡
˭ˣ
ɶ
ʱǣƵĶУɻɣԼǲΡ
ŻԭûΡ
硣
ɶһһƮƮʤѩã˳ĻС
ɶ
ｫɶӵڻУķ㣬ĿЩ롣
΢΢ҡͷʶȤ뿪ˡ
򸾶ٴⲻ˷Ƹ꣬ơͣЪɶ˵磬һȥꡭһΪʱڲˡ
ôᡣ
ҡͷ˼֮ģһձһС
磬һЩ¡
ɶͻȻ˵
ţ
һһɻ󣬡ʲô£
Сʱ¡
ɶ˵ҶˣԭСʱ򲢲Ǭ½ڸߵλ棬һΪδ빬ĵطҵĸĸѣҵѣǽĸһִ
˵ɶ˫գ΢΢¶һ˿ȫˡҵĸףҵĸףǱδ빬ĹɱΪ˱ңʹ뿪δ빬շתǬ½һ
ͫһ
û뵽ɶĹȥ
һǵãδ빬ɱҸĸΪϵ
ɶһ˵ţһ߽ϹŵİɫС˳
ɫСӣκζߡ
ҵļ䣬ʱĸƺһöСӣغռ֮
ɶ˵
ռ
ͫһ
ڵѾǹȥͷࡣ
ռʲôһ
ռֻпռ֮Ĵڡ
˵ֻҪλܲռ򣬱ֱӳɾͿռ֮񡭡
ռ֮λ֮ϣں˾ַ۷λϿռ֮ҲǱɣ
ռ֮־һУ
δ빬ӦǼ⡣
Ŀһ˵
磬һռ£ûиѡ֪ǾԲȥðյġԣϣܰұܣ˵ѣһȥߵλ档
ɶ΢Щ
һ
ɶô꣬һֱĬĬظ
Ӳر
꣬Ϊɶǲϧ
ɶҪܾܾ
ɶҴӦ㡣
æͷ˫ۺǴ㱨𣬻ǴΣ綼ߣһȥԡδ빬ɱĸˣҲĲ
硭
ɶ΢죬ӯжѡ
˼պ󣬳ɶȥ
ѡ
￴һ˵ɶȥߵλ棿
ʲô
ɫ΢Ӧҵ¡
ѣ
ﲻ˵ɶӣҲԸġҲԸֿ
ȻԸֿ͵ȷλ档
ǵһΣǲԸóɶ뿪
ѡ
Цû뵽֡
ѣҺһ뿪ɣҲ뵽ߵλȥ˵ǿƣҲȥʶʶ
ɶҲ˵
У
ɫһҡͷ
ɶһۣԿɶ¶ΣﴫɶԼ͵͵뿪аգѾ׷ǡ
й컯̡ﲢ׷ϡ
Ҳֻˡѿ϶ǣǹһʱ뿪ɡ
ɶص
š
Ӧһ
ѣ֪ˡ
ɶɫȻͷ
ߵλҲûʲô˼㶪Ҳã벻ʲôΣա
Ҳ˵ġ
㶪
üͷһ壬ɻʵʲôˣ
ｫսǵ£һһ˵
Ǹɡ
ǿߣꣿɣѵ֮ġޡ
Ŀһ
ޣʲô
ɻ
һּΪϡٵޣ˵ӦѾڡȴû뵽л˸Ρ
˵
ȻҲûжʣǿߣԣ̫ǿ
ڸǿҪսʤԷȴǱȵ컹ѡ
ɶһ뿪һ塣
Ȼ뿪ȴʶֱųɶʵʹŷ˾衣
浣ɶǰߵλ棡
ΪǶɶԣ̫ΣˣǱδ빬ҵҲʮ
δ빬ں˰طλ
ڸߵλ棬˿ռ֮Ҳֻ۷λʤ
۷λǱȿռ֮ҪϡٵĴڣ
۷λ˾ַ
ռ֮Уں˾ַȴ֮١
˿ռ֮ľ磬ںϷѾӰ첻󣬿ռѹһз
ɶصң֮֡
ӹõҲ⡣
˺·ȷʵٸҪƷʯˡҺɶ뿪ԺҪҲֻԼȥ׬ȡ㹻Ʒʯ
йǰԺŮ˼
壬ô
ܿ죬Ů˳ɶߣ㺹ʵ
Ů㣬ǳĶ硰ɡСŮѾʮꡭ
ġ
СԴ΢΢һЦ
һ壬ĸ˵ͷ᳤ߵġ㲻ҵͷ
ã
ﱻŮЦˡ
ˣأ
ӣƺû
ɶҡͷ֪ǰʼصģҲ֪ڸЩʲô
֪
һЦ
֪ʲô
Щɻ
ҿºܿɩˡ
գգ۾С
ɶһۣӶԷпЦ⡭
ģǵĶӾĳˡ
û뵽СӾȻˡ
һ
գͬձϴһ㣬İƣյĳ£Եøʥ˼֡
Ǭ½죬ǰڵĵ죬֪Ҫ׾١
ȻΪûбҵȾԵʡ
īʯ۹۶
ŵľ¥¥һһŮһԷʱʱЦ
Ƕûע⵽Ƕĸ¥ϣ˫۾עǡ
磬̫ðɣ֪»᲻ˡ
ɶЩɵ
ҡͷһЦô㲻뿴ǽչˣ
ɶЦӵ£᲻ġ
ţǵĶӣƺ鷳ˡ
ͻȻ﷢־¥֮⣬һ꽫죬һʿƬ̾˾¥ͳһԷŮϵ
Ů꽫ϹϾ
꽫죬ƺҲЩ޲ߡ
Сӣ㳤þСҹŮǷҪ̰ͼҡǼҡٻ󣿡
꽫컢ؿųʵ
̰ͼٻ
ˡ
ˣҺమġ
æ֡


565 
ǰٿĪ硣
̰ͼٻ
ԷԼ˵ĸףһ˦ȥ
Ҫ
Լļû˱˵ĸ׺ĸ׶۾ϵĴڣļңҲԶġ
īʯ۹ҵĵۻʣĶүĵۻʣһҪϹϾ
Ц
֪ͲӦүˡ
ⲻ˻̰ͼٻˣ
ף
һ粻Сġңʶҵʱֲ֪ҵݣôܻ̰ͼٻ󣡡
ж
Ȼûи߹ݣŮȴһֱΪȡ
㻹С㲻ô֪֪ݣŴʶģСҼöˣΪλֶΡ
꽫죬Ҳĸף壬Ů˵
ţֿһСӣҸ㣬˼һҡϡŮɲôȢģ
꽫죬ԭΪͷᱻƵ
ܿͷ֣һãȻ
ƺûһ
Сӣװõͦġ
Ц
ϣīʯ۹һƷ󽫾īʯ۹֮У˭˲֪˭˲
Կ϶ǰġСװģ
װʲôˣ
Ц
Ҳһ㵣磬û˵Ҹ𣿡
ҡͷû˵Ҹ˵ģҲīʯ۹ˡ
īʯ۹ˣҲȢŮСӣҾ㣬жԶԶҵŮīʯ۹ġӡΪ֮ԴףЩǴ֣ӱȣʲô
Ц
ӣ
һ顭
˵
ֻǣ֪ӣǿƺҲ侳ء
侳ΪȫϣһָԽԷܡ
ڣ޲˵ࡣ
һ뵽ԼӦ˶үǼϲŮӣŮȷ޸ˣ˵Լݡһɬ
үɺˣ
ߣôСӣʶ˰ɣ
ϿһЦʱɰͷ
ףⱲӷ粻ޣ
˭֪ʱܵȥˣӵؿϡ
㡭ТŮҴң
ϹҲסˣھһ仰ʮƨҷһڣԼŮû취ˣҪǴȥھĻţ
ϵСֶֻеˣ
ʲô
סˡ
СһҸа壿
ôҲ侳صĴڣֻһ̤侳
īʯ۹һ츳ߵġӡΪǿ֮ˣҲһС
ڣСȻ˵Ҫ
ĽʿҲ̲סЦˡ
Сһ㻹ǳţ»
ڵС꣬ǿˡ
ΪΪطǾͻΪǿ𣿡
ΪҹƣСһﲻ侳һضûﵽɡ

Щʿ׷ҡͷЦ
СӣٸһᣬٲÿҶ㲻
ɫһŭ
һѾΥԶүĳŵҲöԷ
СӣδǰôҴţ
ʱһͻأд
һ̣ڳ˶һһŮӰƾճǵǰ
֮ˣǳɶ
ֱ˳ߡ
졭侳
ɫһ䣬ĸױǵ侳صĴڣѾ侳ż侳Ҳһ֪
ǰ˳ֵ龰֮죬侳ɣ
ĸףҲûֶΡ
ǰһ˫ŮеĿҲͶʮңŮĿʮͷ
ȻҲ֡
Ͼ侳Էϻͯ
ȻǰŮӣŮ·ȴκ֮ģҶ࿴һۡ

һʤѩɶ
ǰŮӵǰϵīʯ۹۶һŮҲЩвѻࡣ
ܿͷ֣ŮҲڿңĿºͣ⡣
ʶ磿
һеɻʱ
ףĸף
Լĸ׺ĸ׳֣΢ЩΣͷһתҲȻˡ
Ӧûˡ
ףĸף
кڳ֮ˣϡһ׵Ľʿڣ׷ʯ
һ飬ɫЩȻ
һ˫Գ֮ΪŮȻСĸĸ
ϸһǰӣСȷʵơСݵӣǼ̳λŮһŮӡ
Կ϶ǰİŮӣĵһŮ
ﲻһ
һ¡
꣬ʱղŮڡʱΪӣŮˡ
Ȼĸһ仰
ϣΪһλѣһŮӣŮ·߻㣬Ҳǣ֮ԣ
׵ĻȻɡ
񿴵ǰİŮӣһ̾ҲֻǰλŮӣ븸׿еλŮòһ°ɣǣԡ
λīʯ۹󽫾ϡˡ
ϼȷǰһһŮ侳ǿߣҵ
ضҪ̸̸ҼǧĻ¡
ﵭһЦ
ʱ¶˷ܵЦݡ
Ҳڻعһ죬ʳ磬ĸ𣿡
Ȼ
ôĸסɣ

æͷ

ʱɶҲߣס֡
ĸ
ЩɵغƺǰŮӣ֮Ϊ㡱ҲΪ
һߡ
Ļ̲סһ㶡
ܸӡ
ǰһ̣ԷĶС
ڿƺණ
ʲôЦ侳ǿߵĶӣбҪȥС
ֻҪŮˣҾû⡣
ϻ˵һ̾
ҲףŮǸӣǷˡ
ҲգȻԷûĿģ˾˵ļ˳ˮҲá
ңĸĸ侳ǿߣпܿ԰ԼĸףһͻƵ侳
Ҳһãȫ
׮£ϲԿ
ǱգӰѻ°ˡ
ȴ
λһǸȥŮҲ游ͷ⡭Ҫ»£Ҫ游ͷҾ游ǲܾµġ
ֵ
Ӧõġ
æͷɶһ𣬸ϻǼҸۡ
üͷɿʼչЦݡ
ɬѡ


566 ʮǰġˡ
ǼҸۡ
֮Уɶһ࣬ס
ʱ˿̣˶Щ
㸸Ҳ˵ˣүү㣬㵣ʲô
￴Ц
ҡЩš
ߵõͷȥ
磬ͱˡ
ɶҡͷһЦ
˵ͷ
ܿ죬һŲУһŲϵģһӳȣʵѾ̤˰벽侳
һλˣϵĴӵ£߽˴
ֻǣ˳ֵɲǣɶȴסˡ
ҲǴľؿ˳һֿۣɶһ˫ǵӣɲǼ貵Ĺ⻪
ףλǳĸ׺ĸףǳҲŮѡķ
ϸ߽˴ܳɶͳ䡣
ǳ
˵Ŀ⣬˳ϡ
үү
վ
үү
Ҳվ
˿ɲŮòֻǡ
Ҳͬ⣡
ͻȻڣó϶ɫһ䣬Щ֪롣
ף㡭
ϿЦĸ˵ˣĸĸ侳ǿߡ
ĸҲӦˣֻҪۣʹӦ
ڣһƺЩ˿ơ
үүΪʲô
˫ӯ·ʱܿ޳
һоǲ⡣
Ŀ⣬΢ɨߵĳɶȴǷԼĸ׺ĸɱֵ·ûǰ·һ㡣
ɿЦ
ףĸףʱô˵
ˣټȥŮҵĶϱɾҪ޳ˡ
ڳڴĿ£վˣҡͷһЦ
þò
ϡ͵ĿУǰȥͳﱧһĶԷıŷֿ
ļˮҲȫ˻ȥ
ǳ
סˡ
Ȼ֪˭
Ǹīʯ۹δʱīʯ۹£īʯ۹ңҪ֡
ֻˣǴӸ׿У˵һЩ£ڳޱ
һԼ⣬ˣǳ
˵Сʼżǳ
ڣվǰˣδ׼ңȻǳ
ɲǼ䣬ϼɫǺ졣
Ҳסˡ
һҲųĹ³ġ
ڣϵ˵ĸףȻǳǸүүһʱ
һۿֻжʮҵĳֿһԼүүһַ˼ĸо
ȻҲ֪϶Ϊ侳ԷϻͯԵʡ
ɼˣǴһ
ɽþò
һЦ˸ճֵʱʹ˵Уϳ
˲Ǳˣǵһɹ˵ġɽ
ɽʱҲīʯʥԺǿѧԱ֮һ
ˣҲ㲻죬ԶսһУôѣҲΪѡ
ʮꡭһ㶼û䣬ȴˡ
ɽ˳һֿۣɶ̾˿
˼·ֻص˵꣬ɹġ̨֮ϣͳ緢һĻ
ǰ֪ʮˡ
ϡɽҲɸп
꣬ɹո¶ͷǣֻжʮͷ
뿪򣬵ɶǴ룬ٵ߱Ǭ½ħ͡ͻʮʱ䡣
ȥ󣬱ԼĶӣ
񣬳ҲѾʮͷˡ
ʮ꣬׺ɣ
ΧˣΪоͨɵħԵʣЩҲ侳Ҳഺ̫ı仯
ɽȴ̤侳ȻµŶ˥ˡ
ҿֻ벽Բ侳ʱֻҪ룬ȻԻָ곯ģ
Ц
Ը˰ɡ
ɽһЦ
ˣħŰīʯ۹۶㣬ȴ㲻ڣʱģ
һ£̲סʵ
꣬ħ֮رСƻĴѽӵʳǣҲīʯ۹۶ȴûзɽټ
ɽ̾˿ʱ涵۹īʯ۹˵ʱҲǼһҲΪˣϡ
ɽһ˵ţһ߿һԵϡ
￴˹ȥǺЦ⡣
׼ңȻǹѵĶӡ
ҶҪǿ׮ˡҶȢŮǵһռ˱ˣ
￴ɽЦ
㲻˵һûӦԺǷҪҶӺҡүӡ
ɽЦˣͻȻ׬ˡ
һû˵ҪҶȢŮء
ۡ
ף
ڿЦɳȴǼˡ
㸸׿Цء
ɶѵ
һЦ
СӣǲȢƻ᲻ס£ô°ɡ׼ңΣ
˵ţϡ
ǰһľǡ
ȻϵȴЦ˻һۣⲻѡ
۵ŮǰĶӶ㶨ˣϵŮ
ʱ˿̣ƺˣ֮ǰĶӡΪСԸ⽫Ů
׼ҾˣǸģù㸸ס
Ц
ġô겻ҿҪúúɡ
ɽЦ
Ȼ
ͷ
ĴɽԶмϰˮġ
ڵΪʲô磿
ɽųʵ
֪ｫħ£ʶĳܾܿͳΪʾϵǿˡ
ڡλ񡣡
û˵
λ񣿡
ɽһ㶡
ţλ񡣡
ͷߵλ΢΢һ˵Ϊɽ⣬ħ֮ӳһȺħȽϡ
˼ǣЩħ͵ˣҲǡ񡯣
ɽɴ˫û뵽Ǭ½۾Ȼ۷塣
֮ϣиߵľ磡

ңǬ½֮ϵĸߵλ档
Ҳ֪֮꣬ǷлᵽǸߵλȥ
ɽ̾
ģ츳ѡ
ҡͷ
˵츳ҾҪˡɹ޼ȴ֮𡣡
ɽ䣬겻ѣԼ׻ôꡣ
ҿƺҲ⾳һЩɱ壬ҿǷһ֮
Ц
ɽĿһ
ܿ죬˫һ֣֮ɽüģ󣬽Ӵɽꡣ
֮ǿûɽͲ
ɢһ֮ɽ꣬ɽŻ
ͨɽеļ䣬ظоɽ⾳
ɽľ⾳֮ǡɽ֮⾳
ɽΰ׳ۡ
ɽػ󣬺ɰٴ
ɽ
ĳѾλ񣬿˵ǳǬ½Ĺ֮ϣɽеһ˿֮·ܿ͸ʣ͸Ǭ½Ĺһ㡣
ͣ


567 СѪ
һжôȻ
ĳǡ񡱣
֮ȻɽջأɽϣһɿµϢϯ
ŽΧɢ
۶
һʱ䣬۶һӰ𣬻ڽ
ϲǰ
һ۵뽫ڽըֻне˲
Щˣǵ۶侳侳εĴڣ񶼻ٸӦһЩʶɽͻˡ
׷ǰϲ
лλ
ɽҲؾ
ܿ죬ͷһˬʵĴЦͷ׷Ҳʼںת䡣
ϲ
΢Ц
㡣
ɽм
ף
үү
ʱϸŮҲųɶ
ɽҸƵգӵĻ°˰ɡΣ
ʡ
һ㰲žˡ
ɽЦҺͳҽ£һϲ¡
ǣǾš
Цŵͷ
Ҳû뵽ɶ׼뿪Ǭ½ǰߵλʱ򣬻¡
񵹺ãӳףɶҲܰˡ
ǳӣҪףȻһ䶯
Сһתۣ㾹ȻҪˡ
翴ҡͷһЦ
һ졣
С˵Ҫˣ˭ҵĹ
ܿ죬˾Ҳ֡
Ǽ϶²
һµˣ硢˾ɣٺһЦ
Ȼ²ֲʶ
ҡͷ
ʶ
ˣޡơգգ۾
ڳӵѾӳе֪ڵͳһԶսˣҲӡ
ʶ
硢˾ɶһ㶡
ͬʱ
˵ĲʶҺɶҲʶ
ͷȻҪأҲûƻ
˭
˾Ŀһʵ
Լ΢һ¡
Ƶ۵
ô£
˾ЩǼ˶ʶôࡣ
ʵѲ£Ǹˣ㡢硢ʶҺɶҲʶҲ
Ц
˾üҲ˼
ˣ
˾ʡ
ǡ
ҡͷ
Ҳ˼ˣûв¶ԡ
ˣҲòˣˡ
üͷһ˵
ʱ֮⣬һ룬ȡ
ɽ
ɽ˶סˣ˾ǵͺһЩ˼顣
ôҲû뵽Ȼɽ
СȢɽŮ
˾羪ȵ
ǡ
ҡͷ
ǣ
˾üʲô˼
ȢɽŮ
ҡͷһЦ
Ů
˾סˣҲסˡ
ۣɽλռǵıˣ
Ȼ겻˾ɽȴһҲ⣬ϾһԶսѡ
ûŮСǲǱ㰫һ
ҲЩˡ
ɽôѣЦҲǲޱȣҶ˵ˣԺǼ˸ġСǵ£˳Ȼɡ
⻹ࡣ
˾һҷŹı顣
ɽ겻û뵽Ҳ侳ˡ
Щȡ
ɽҡͷһЦҲãóҪȻ֪ʲôʱͻơ
֮ǰ侳ֻһ֮ңɾһѾŬ꣬һ
⾳֮ɱɰ̫֮ˣ
ĵ֮Ǭ½ɽ֮壬ܵ˳ͻơ
Լˣʲô
ҡͷһЦ
ԺԼˡ
ҲЦˡ
겻ѣٴȻٲ˲顭
ϯ֮У硢ɡ˾ɽΧһ𣬲֪䣬ͻ˵ɹӡ
ң뵱꣬ΪɹĵǼ˶ֶξΪ֮桭ڻǲԺɣ
ɽп
ɽҿɻǵãɽͨһѹ£ޱߡ
˾һĻЦ
Σǲ㡣
ɽҡҡͷҲǵġħͨ
˫һҲǶ¡
ɸ̾Ρ衭
뵽ʮɽܺپһãֻˣǺ׼ҡ
ϣ˵Īڴˡ
һϣûƾƣȵ
£ŵƽʣϲ
ٹգǳһ˵Ĵ֮ա
ڷü𣿡
ɽ˵Ҫɷסˡ
İɣһ¡ʱһȥ͡Ҳӹ˵Ҳһʱûˡ
Ц
컯ڣɷ⣬Щȫ˹
һʱ䣬ʹЩйסˡ
ֻҪǺͳϵˣһһ
þò
ɽ˳һӵһЦ
ɽҲ˵ˣοˣŮ޸˳Ķӡ˵ģ㣬ͱղˡ
΢΢һЦ֪ΪΣ˫ȴԼһ˿̾Ȼ
ô£
ɽʡ
û¡
ҡҡͷ
ɽͳĶԻҲˣעһҲֳƺ£ѯʣʲô¾˵ܽ¶¡
˭֪ۿ￴˼ƺá
ͻȻʶ£ƺԼйء
ɫһ䣬ôºйأ
Цû£롣
˵ɡ
Ŀų˵ͲŹһ㡣
һһ˰ɡ
ۿ޷̾˿ϣа취Ǽ°ɡ
ͷ
ͬڣȴֱֳӴִ
ִĵ￴һˡ
˫ۿնޱȣ˫۸ϡ
ɼˣǹ°ͦţ·ûκΪ
һˣһѪɫۣȴԵôۡ
ڲ
ʲôˣ
ͻȻ˿ˣǲʲô
Ѫϡ
˵
㲻ȥμӳﺢӵĻ𣿡
֮ˣǡѪִ֮ס
Ȼ侳ߣȴҲ޷ıеʵ
ѪϣԲ𡣡
ЦһûضѪϵĳŵ
ѪĬʶʲô̾Ϣһˣ
ʦˡ
ӦһѪǰһѪĶϱ֮óЩѾˡ
ʦ˭ɵģ
һ˵
ȥˡҶˣ㲻ִš
Ѫҡҡͷ˵
ʦ
ɫһ䡣
Ѫϣа취Ըأ
üȻ֪ѪһЩ¡
ʦҰɡǬ½ɱ˵ˣѾûм
˫һ


568 Ӷλ
ѪĬ
΢
ѵ뱨
룡
ֻǣ˵ʵ̫ǿˣۼˡ񡱡
ʦ
һؿңġ
Ѫһ̾ն
֪𣿡
ۿѪǲ˵ˣ￴ʵ
ҡͷصҲ֪֪ľӦǬ½߼صһطʲôڷ롯˵Ǹطܴ󡣡
ڷ룿֪ط͹ˡ
һֿѪһۡ
ѪеĲλ˫ûа취˫Ѫָ
ȻҪֱۣܽϡ
ʦҡ
Ѫ˵һ뿪ˡ
˵ˣ
Ѫɫһ䡣
Ĭ
뿪ִŲ컯̣Ǭ½߶ȥ
ûã͵Ƕ߼ء
˼һ֪˺ڷڡ
ڷܴ󣬳ʶһ죬ûκη֡
ڶ졣
ʶոһʶܿ죬һѪµӰ𡭡
һˣǿ׳Χһɫ棬ϵӶ
￴óһƷ
Ժɶеġδ뽣ǰħ൱
Ѫֵ֣ǿ׳꣬Ҳһλ񡭡
û뵽Ǭ½Ȼλݷ
Ǭ½УӦû񡭡ǴӸߵλģ
˿ˣѯʵ
Ѫ˫ۡ˫ۣϵģ
ȴûˣʵ
Ѫ
һ㶣Ƭ̣Ӧ˹˵ľǸҸ衮䡯ķɣǸҵġ䡯ú侳Բ롭ҹȥôϣ
ţ
üͷһ壬䣿
ң˺Щɸ֡
ˣͷ
ɫ΢
ߣûõķҲɱ㲻ˡ
һûɱѪľһ㣬ô˵ΪǷͷǸӦòʶλɣ
У¶ɭȻɱ⣬ͳеġҵʦ
ʦ
һһЦҽҲһõġǸҿųģϣĿǰΪֹҲֻа꣡ʦĪ˵һ궼ûУ
λûа꣬ʲôЦ
˼ҽƺʮꡣ
ﵭڡ
ЦСӣſڿӡǬ½֮ˣʮλ㵱ɵ𣿡
ǲɵӣգɣ
Į
ǾͿûǸˡãҶλλĸȤ
¶һ˿ɲǼ䣬Ӷɺɫ񽣣С
һɲǣ֮ɱ¾򡢷֮еĽϣ
ںַ򡭡
üͷһƣû뵽Ǭ½УԾ˵λ
ȻˣԷҲɣ
λ
뵽ԷλʲôĿһ
ҵҪλεһ
˶ˣнֱӶɲǼ䣬Х⽣֮У֮ڻͨŤתһ𣬷·ŤתǬһ㡣
ָǳڡ
ɲǼ䣬ڵһƬգ׺
ߣһ׾ܶ㿪
Ц컯֣˲ӳ
ʲô
˻ɻµʲô
ˣ
ˣкХ䣬ֻطʹâӰΣ׾پӹ˵Ĳӣͷ­Ѷ䡭
һ̣ݳȥ
͵ȷλ棬Ʈݴڡ
ߣ
Цһ̧֣ͷ­ڵһöȡ尵޹⣬״
һöλġλ
Źң
˵ţ·ҲʶԼӲˡ
񣬸Ӧųекͳµ컯̣Щڳڳǰˡ
ôҲû뵽λȻ
ȴˣһ̧֣ѹ꣬꣬ƽλ֮С
ɲǼ䣬ǣλ
ʣһ򣬼䵴Ȼ޴档
ǽʦɡ
ն£ղλƷֱӻڡ
ִ֮µҡ
ﾲһһҹ
ЩڣǲĴˡ

ͻȻߴʶûд
ҵ𣿡
ʡ
ʱһԵѪҲ΢ƺЩڴ
ˡ
ﻺ˵
ģ
ĿһЦҾ֪еġ
Ѫ
ԸоѪĵļ
ʦ¿ܻЩʹ㲻Ҫܣ
￴Ѫ˵
Ѫһ֪ô£ͳˡ
֮ǰǸλλȡֱŽѪͷ­֮ڡ
ɲǼ䣬λλһƺҪѪͷ­
ȻȴѹڣӲѪںһ
λ
ͬʱҲͷ󺹣ʱ˿̣֮ĴǿϾֻλѹλλļ
ָоϢ
ȴڡ
Ϊ֪ʦ׻ָ
ѪȻûʲôʦͽ֮ʵѪİһҲˡ
Ǹʱһѵʱ
ûѪԶȹǶ¡
⡭⡭
ɫһ䣬찡ʲô
ֻѪѪƣϵϢԴԴϵطɱ䡭
ŵǡ
Ѫϱ֮Ƕµ˰̣Ȼʼѿ
Ѫ⣬ᶯһȫµֱֱۡ۰ޱȣͺӤֱһۡ
ԭʧȥ˫۵ѪӲһ˫۰
ֻˡ
һ˫ڿն۶ҲʼƳɫ
ۣһ˫Ѫɫӡ
һ˫ӣ֮ǰɱǸλһģһ
ǡ
ʱѪξѣվһ˫ȭΧŰѷֱը
λ
ˣ˿ʵ֤ɹˡ
ƺô£
Ѫ
ѪǺܸмģͲڱ֮ˣһ
ʦ˵λλӽǼ̳Ϊλ񡭡Ȼ̳ķԺȴԽںˡ
һ˵ţһ߽λԺ󣬿¾޷ںϷ£һһѪ
ԴˣѪȴ˿⣬û뵽ԼҲгһ졭һУͺΡ޷ںϷһԵɣûλҿ侳Բ룬עֻ԰֮񵹺ãͬ١
ѪĻ˿
һԿţƷζŸղųһ״סˡ
һУô˼


569 ӳ
Ŀ⣬Ҳע⵽ˣһ㶣ʲôĿ⡭㲻Ľʦɣ
ȻĽ
˳һۣ˵ǿͬ١Ҳ֪ʱֻۣۣͬ٣һˡ
̾˿ǹȥгİҲֻ侳ضѡ
ҪλԺҵǿԸŪ
ҡҡͷû뵽뷨
ģ
Ŀһ
̾˿
ԭ˵λҲζŷԼġδ
ڿȴ񲢷һ
ڿ˵뷨ʺǬ½ˡ
Ǭ½ˣ˵ǳ񣬾ǳɾʣΪѡ
Ҳֻһˣĸɾʡ
ˣǿҲֻ侳أȴͻơ
ƿ϶ۣĸӦҲԡǸ׺ʹǡ
Щûס
֮ǰȷʵǶйǡ
׺ʹպ޷ͻƵ۾лһ졣
Щ£Ҫ¸ǵʱȵͻƵ۾һ˵
һ˾
ʦվҶ»֮գһȥɡ
￴Ѫ΢
ѪͷӲϣһĨЦݣȻҪȥ
˵һ˫۾һ˫첲һλǳ衭
ˣʦǸλ˵ġ䡯ʲô
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰǸλ˵һңԷʦѪʱ򣬾ٲȻЩɸ֮⡣
Ѫ̾˿£˵ͻˡ
Ѫ˵£Ҳ֪ȥ
ԭǽڵһĸµġǡǶõĶ
ͬĸףѪȴܵǸλİ
ֻϧѪ츳ƺλ⣬λѡ
ѪĻ˵ռʱȻ侳ߣһá䡱ȴɱһĵ侳
ԭ
̹Ȼû뵽Ѫôľ
ǰѪ˵ģһλϡ
Ǹλȴϲŭ޳ѪмɱѪǶȥѪ˫ۣϵѪ˫
νǺݶ쳣
ѪһǶ£Ҳ̲ס
ųĿ֮оº͡
ǳһעֻܹյ˵ǳһС
ʦҲɡ
̧֣ǸλеõƷѪ
Ѫһ۾ϳɫĽĿһ
սͿԸоݶиС
ϾڵԴλλͺ񽣲ĳֹϾλɡ
֣Ѫ
ý
ѪǣѵøһĨЦݡ
һԵĳĽ۶ˡ

߰ɡ
кѪͳһ컯̣ת˲֮䣬˾͵Ļʹ
Сӣȥˣôá
ӭ۵Ϊʧˡ
һЩ¡
ﵭһЦ
ţ
ͻȻƵĿ˳ߵѪϣ˸һΣյĸоСӣλǡ
ҵʦѪ
˵
Ѫ
ĿһѪȴһֱԵ
û뵽ʱˡ
Сӣʦֻһͨ侳𣿡
ƴʳ˵ϻˡ
ƣҪҪʦʵʦԸָһ
ﴫص
СӣӶˣƲöþҪˣһ϶Ҷ԰ɣ˵ɣʲôΪ
һͿ͸ı顣
λ񡣡
ﴫ
סˣСλûɣ
λʲôһһλ
Ȼһ·ļǾǬ½һ޶ļеڶг
Բˣ
ֵ
ţҲƣѪӭȥ
˵⻹Ѫһεվħ֮ƿħŰ֮ʱҲڡ
ǸλӻħȻŰǬ½ȴҲûӰ쵽
ļˣѪúܡ
Ƕ˵Ѫ֪ѪȥԳİ
ѪһˣӲҲڻĺۼ
Ǽ˹ˣ
ԶһˣһĻɵˡ
ˣӢִ֮һѪĴڡ
ֻǣڵȴѾǵ侳ߣΪڵڡ
ѪѾܾˣѪ˫ۺ˫ۣƺ³ˡЩ
۾ǿߣҲ޷ɣ
Ѫ㡭
Ӣں޲ɿѪͳļദôǢȴҲûȥš
Ժеǻᡣ
ɶʹϿգŽϲһĻ˵϶¶Цݡ
ɶҺֻص˵ǳ׵ʱ򡭡
Ц
ת֮䣬ʮȥˡ
ɶ̾һ磬˵һֱǣǸжð
ɶǳġ
΢Ц
ɶ˿ų磬ҪȻɶ£ɶԼȥɡ
ɵѾͷ˵ʲôأţû㣬ûҳǲˣһҲ壬𣿡
ؿɶסɶ˫գ˵
硣
ɶ˫΢죬˽˳Ļ
ͳˡףȻӣӳ󡭡Ҳûôˣʱȥߵλ档
Ŀ⣬滮δʮļƻ
š
ɶɵͷ
ڶգǳĳ֮ա
ɶΪĸĸڸ֮ϣŶӺͶϱľ衣
ͻȻЩΡ
֪֮䣬ǵĶӶôˣˡ
ıͣһһϲ
¸աĺҲˡ
Ϊһѣ¸պĺҲͨɵħ̲֮侳Էϻͯഺһ統ģ
ʦܣϲ
¸յл
¸ʦ֡
΢΢һЦ
û뵽Ǹֻ꣬Ϊ˸ǿҪүүˡ
¸չһЦ·ֻص˵ͳڵǶӡ
Ƕӣǿġ
ҲЩ廳
ڵʱ򣬳¸޷˸뿪˵ʱĳ¸ΪԼõǰ;
Ȼʵ֤¸ûѡ
ǵûи뿪ҲһͷӣڿѾ
Ͼڵʵǳġ
ûгûڵ
ʦܣϲ
ĺɿϸԵ΢Ц


570 ٴ뿪
ллĺʦ㡣
ĺһЦ
ȴ̲ס̾Ȼôȥĺһˡ
ңĺɺ͹ȥûκڣպֻҪȥߵλŪһλĺɣĺɱͬ٣ϡ
ţһһӦ
ЩУǰңԶҡ޺ۡǵ١ˡ
ڳȥİ£Ҳ̲ʾ
Ϊһ뢡
ȻĶӴ֮գȴǰ
ڵĳһ̶ϣѾվ۷塭
Ҳϲ㣬ӭ𣿡
ͻȻʹ֮⣬һӰӶһŮӣʲ
ǰ
Ůӣӭ˳ȥĿһ
˲Ǳˣյġȡ
񣬳Ϊλ񣬿һۿҲһλ񡱣һǺһλ
ż겻ΪѾ׷ˡĶҿ²Ķ֡
΢΢һЦ
ǰ˵Цˡ
æǫ
Щȥǰ˿
ˡ
ֻҪǰˣһ
Ѫһӡ
ҵһ񣬱Ӱɡ
һ̧֣һתıɫ棬֮С
溮ʱڳб͵ע⣡
ý
Ŀһ
⽣
˿⽣ֿվһԵѪһȡ
Ȼ͸ƷȴԸоƲڳ֮ǰѪǱ
Ʒǰ̫ˣ
æ˵
ƷһλҪãһ˵ƷƷ涼Ϊʱ仹̡̫
Ϊ㣬ȻȻܾˡ
ô񣿡
ЦЦ
ǰ
Ц
ˣҲˡǬ½úƽҲûдɱɱҪ⽣Ҳã͸
ôһ仰Ⱦ뿪ˣһѣ֮ʧ
⡭
ʱڳһЩͣͫһ
Щͣûмĳ档
ʱ˿̣ǶʶղλŮӵĿ¡
˺գ֮⡭ۣδֶΣ
ߣȻ֪Ǳʲôǿı֮ϵĴڣ⴩֮Ŀռ䡣
ԭˡô֪ôࣿ
ǣұøǳˡ
ԭˣʧʧ

ҡҡͷｫݸ˳ǰģסˡ
ǣס
˸˷ܲѣ
ͿһˣԸԳˡ
ɽϸڸһߣѾ״סˡ
ͻȻãǹȥȫ߸
ߵѣЩʲô˰˺գУĪ⣬˵
СҲһ͸㡣
ʱһϵ·˷
ɲǼ䣬һѷ죬ֱڸ֮ѿ
ɽӱŵæվؿһѷ졭
ʲô
Ŀ֮£ѷ֮һµĺֱ
ѷŻرպϡ
һĻˣµĺ֮УһֱƮ˳ǰͣ¡
ΪȴǱŵɫɷףץס½󣬶ڳӵؿֵĺӡ
һ˫ȴҲ¶һ˿棬ʲô
лѣ
һлŽӣһȴǷ
ʱʧҡҡͷ
ôĳַʽտʼǶΪ϶ǱȸղǽĶȴû뵽ͨ
Ȼڳ֮ˣһڣȴΪöͨ
λͳġ
ƽʱ۰ıǳף͵ȻǼ֮
һö͸ǵǷ򸾶ˣмʱЯǣɵʮλµ
ٴƾմ
ɵλµĹ
ɲǼ䣬ڳ֮ˣһЩ֪Ĳεˣ˶Ŀɿڴ
ʲôһ
ֱ
ĿһҲЩȣȻ֪ͳﲻ򵥣ȴҲû뵽ôš
ɵʮλµĹ
˵λ֮˵ǰʱӵ˺һķ
ԣķֵܵȻһ˫ȴԡ
ллѡ
æѡ
һԵȻ֪ʲô£ȴǹ
ˡСЩѱġ
ʧ
һʱ䣬ˡ
ΧһЦ
˶û뵽λĪ⣬֪ںδǿߣȻ˵Ļ
ڳҲʶҵĵ̡
ĳʽڣʹڻ֮С
Ǵڱ֮䣬һһŶӾơ
ֱҹһȺ˷ɢȥϢ
ڶգһһ˻ȥ
ţ㿪ʼƽӡ
ֻгɶ֪һеƽֻʱġ
Ǻʱ⡣
һǵĵһˣȴǳеӣһŮ
Ůһ쳤Ƥɰӣóɶһֱֿ
󣬶ӳͶϱ˵ڶ̥һ̥ȴǸӡ
Ҳǹ˶õӡ
ۿŮһ쳤󣬳ɶ֪Ҳζ֮ԽԽ
үүүү
СŮ˽˳Ļݺݵ˳һڡ
СѾѾ
ﱧСŮһЦ
ȻһŹ֡
һСŮһƶʮүү
ȻֻǳˣĴ磬Ҳһˡүү
ڣӣѾʮꡣ
Ůʮ꣬ʱɶǣǬ½תһȦ
һתǻʱ䡣
ǻʱҲʶǵ뿪ʱˡ
뿪ǲûдģֻһö񾧡
˳һԡ
¼񾧺󣬳ɶ뿪ңִһ࡭
Һûз֡
ɶ˿
߰ɣ
ǣɶ֣΢΢һЦ޶ˣУǣȥʧǬ½֮С
򸾲֪ǣȥʱ
һӰȴͻȻһࡣ
û뵽ôȥǻǼ֡ˣܲһӡ
Ӱ̾˿
һĻἫΪȡ
ԭһֱܵˣ֪Ҫ뿪ȴû
ʱʹ֮УƵһ˼񾧡
ܿ죬һȺ˾ۼһ
Ժ˶Ĭˡ
Ҳ֪Ҫģǵȴɶ»


571 
ߵλ档
ء
ţ
üͷһһԵأֵǸ͵ȷλ棬˳ˣˡ
ಣಣ
ֻǣӰǰһȻ
ԭߵλˣһղſеġ

ٴߵλ棬ﲻ˿
ֵܣλǣ
Ŀһһ㵣ȫߵɶˡ
ȻڸߵλȱŮ
ЩνġŮǺĵģòԱ䣬ȴ
ǰİŮӣȫȻϢ
ҵӣɶ
΢΢һЦֶɶ˵ɶҸ
á
ɶ΢΢һЦ
æ
ˣҲˡԺпգȾơ
΢Ц
á
æͷ
ɶ뿪أֱȥѪԺ
ȻɶĿģΪ˸
ǵڵʵȥδ빬ҲǱɣ
ҪģһõһΪʵˣȥ
ѪԺɾڸߵλĵһվ
ɶѪԺؾʮ꿪һΣϴν룬þֿˡֻҪܵõеʸ񣬵ʱҺһ룬ͻƵλ񣡡
Ŀһ˵
Ѿ˼ƻ
ѪԺؾɶڶʱڣɾλ
֮ںϷ
ܿ죬ʹɶѪǣͨ󣬽ѪԺ
ֱӴɶȥ˻ϡ
ϿɶҲĿһһμˡǺø
ϣҲѪԺ
Ի΢΢һЦ
ֱȥǼǰɡ
Ц
ͷɶ˵ǼǴ
˵ҲɣǼǵģϴεǸλ񡭡
λ񿴵ôɷǡ
ǰ֮ˣΪΣǺͻϹϵ֮ˣҲҵ
ʲô
λʡ
Ǽǣ
￴ߵһۡ
λע⵽˳ߵɶĿһӦ˹Ϊɶ˵Ǽǡ
ˣΪǲýʯ
һԣһɶǰǼǵλЩޡ
ô
λɫһǰƨҷһǱȥ
ҡͷһЦɶֱӵ졭
ɶԼס
ţ
ͻȻ֣Լס棬Ȼˣɫһʶɨ
˲䣬һ˷
ϳˡ
ձƵǸλ
ƺҵİɣ
ɫһ
λ񿴵Ŀһû뵽Լȴõˣڳˡ
Щһֱڵȳ
ʦȴ˼ֻ꣬չȥˡ
ܿ죬λĿ⣬˳ߵɶϣĿⶸ
ʱŮӣ
Сӣ㽫Ů͸ңøˣԺҲ׷֮£Σ
λ̰⻪Խʢų
ɫһҴжһаѪԺء㾹Ȼ˵ģУ㾹Ȼҵӡ㣬
̤ǰһɱȻ
λɫ䣬ԼʦֱչˣȴֲǳĶ֡
ǳĶ֣ҲͲᱻˣ
ҵʦλɱңˡ
λһԶⲽһв
Щ£ǲġԭռҵľҲûΣֻϧ㾹ҵӡ㿪ڵһɲǣĽ־Ѿעۣ֮ҵӣҵۣ
һ绯ڵֱλ
ɶУº͹⻪ʢ
ÿһ仰ģжѡ
ӣ
λ񲻸ҳɣæӴܡ
ֻǣӵ
ˣ
һƵ⣬ںϷ۳С״ԳзӶ
˲䴩͸λš
λ
һλ࣬һ̧֣λ
һɨλ죬죬ʬ壬ǷһĨЦ
Ѱ·
ţɶص˾
һִϳ֣һˣһ˫ۣͭ׳˶ü䲻ŭ
˫ɲǼ䣬Ŀ˳ľϡ
ɱˣ
˵ʶɨ
ɲǼ䣬ڵĳһֱ뿪˾˺˵ǰִϣ
ƣµ˵ݡ
Ϊɱˣ
ɫ΢ʵ
ҵӣ
Ŀ΢䡣
ţ
üͷһơ
硣
ʱɶӾӳϸһĨǡ
ͻȻ֣Ǭ½ʵϺǿж֡
ɵǬ½ʵȴڵһĴڣʲôæﲻϡ
˿ɶĿһЩȣû뵽仹˳ɫŮӣ˿̣ԳĻ޻ɡ
ɱ֮ˣһʦ֣Ϊںַλ񡭡㣬Ϊ֮
˳һֱۣȥ
лִϣ
˿Ըм
ڡ
ɶķӦҲں˰ɣ
ʡ
ǵã֮ǰǬ½ɶֻ۵ʱı֮ͷ֮ںϵġ
š
ɶͷ֮ͷ֮ںϵġ֮Ҳںˡ
֮
һ㶡
ûмǴ֮ӦǵġɶģҲɶķֻꡭ
Ҳ⡣
ͬһ˵ֿķںϣȻҲﵽĳϵĳ̶ȡ
ɶߵλ棬ڳΪλ֮ǰǱ룬򣬾Ҫġδ뽣
ɫص
ɶġδ뽣ġС컯̡һǹ
ռ֮µĴڣ۷λڣ̰
ûܳΪλ񣬹ۿۡ
ǳλ񣬾ǵķںϵòôƾֻҪ̫ŵλǶնɱ
˱ں˼ַڹǰһһ
һǡŰһλԵֵ
š
ɶɵͷڳĻƴӡ
ʱš
ؾ֮ǰļɶֹһ뿪ѪԺȥӶȡ׬ȡʯΪ֮á
ڼ䣬һЩΣգȴǷ׻
컯ڣܵı£һ
һʯɶжɹ
ڴڼ䣬ҲִϵĻɵɱǸλʦ
ˣȴһֱûг֡
ʱؾʸ֮գҲˡ
ɶֻλ񣬲λľ
һ죬ǰ졣

һԶȴǳѪԺе֮һ޳ɡ
λľƺûʼɣ
޳Цʡ


572 ɾλ
ؾʸλǰλں
ЦġɶѪԺе֮һ޳ɡ
ѪԺѵģص⣬ֻʣ޳ɡ
ɶ޳ɵͷһЦǴк
޳ſɶһȣ̾Ǻø
ȻƵĻ٣ﻹǵһ˿
ܿ죬λؾʸͿʼˡ
һΣ޳ɳɹõһ
ɶҲƾںϷԼ΢еĽ֮򣬵õһ
ʮߵĶ˾ռ
ٹգ뾺֮աʱҪˡ
֮ǰ޳Ц
ġ
΢ЦͷνؾλʸȻҪõһģֻҪԼõһܳɹͻƵλ
ֻҪͻƵλ£Ҳǡ

ֻҪͻƵλֻҪǸǿߣ塣
Ǹǿߣƾλٿ컯̣Ҳ׾ӳ졭
ȻҲ޼ɵ
ͬйĸǿߣĹƽȻ޴桭
ڸߵλ棬йĴڣ١
һ㣬⼸ӸߵλһЩУҲ˼ء
ԭڸߵλ棬ЩǿĿռ֮ҲһЩȵλ񡭡Щλ񣬱֮Ϊʹ˼տռĿռ֮ġʹߡ
Щڣвٶпռ֮Ĺ
ʱ䣬ת۹ȥ
ɶһ졭
УλҲһЩֵλλ
λľﱻֵ29š
һλֵ֣̭ܿ˳
Ķ30ţһݵˣһ˫˸űɫĹ⻪ɢɭϢ
ݣ
óһֱַںϣϯ
ȴҲ壡
⼸ڼطҲλ۷塣
֪Լӵǿͬʱ㣬طΪ̿࣬ҵ
ˣ
˫ģһ֮ӳֻطʹâںϣ֮һָӭ˶Է
ֵγһޱȣ
ָ
ֻϧ˳
ǿ֮ʹҲλ۷壬ںַλ񣬷Ҫʤܣ
䣡
ݿ˶Է
Էæ䡣
Ǹ
Ŷʮꡭʮǰ͵õؾλʸû뵽ʮҪλʸ񣡡
ȷʵǿԸֻ
û˵ɣµľ
ɣ
ô᣿Ҹ㣬ںַַ򣬶δ
ôţ⻹𣿡

λϳ˳۷׷ס
Ǽɵ
ѪԺУûںַλ񣬳׾پ͵õһ
ǵȴºؾ֮ա
Ҳ֪ܼܲǸط
Ժӹһ棬ǵ֮ϵĵ졭
ͺɾ
տʼΪؾһֱ֣ؾ֧飬Ҳͳȥʶǲؾһ֡
ž
һʵʧܣ֣Ҫֻ֮طʹâκһںϣΪѡ
ʱںϵͷ
˵ںϣ֮Ƚںϡ
ף𡭡֮Ȼں׻򣡡
˵ʼ֮
º
һ֮
ˣ
֮
ʱһȻϢХóҲܵ˲
Ϣ֮Уо˷ĺ䣬
ɶɹˣ
Ŀһ
ʱɶҲľңϣֳһĨЦ⣬磬ҽ֮Ҳںˡ
ںϣɶȳһɣ
ҲΪɶˣû˿ʡ
ӣԽǿԽˡ
߰ɣʱˡ
˳ǣɶ裬򸾶ˣֱȥ
˵ʱ򣬷λѾ߸λȴˡ
á
޳ԶԶظ򸾴к
ܿ죬λϳ֡һΣûִϺִϣ˶ǳġˡˡ
ϴһʮλʮλ񣬸λ֮󣬽˰죡
һΣؾλȽ롣
ϴεľ飬ﵹҲᳵ·ۿŸλĺȥȴûжȴš
һλ̽롣
ɶԼ޳ɣߡ
һ޳ɾ߲ˣֻںַԵʯ֮Դ
ҲĪǿ롣
޳ɵȴǿסʯ֮Դ·޳ɴȥҲⲻ˱³
ɶƾַ򣬵һλĸͣ¡
ɶա
ѵ
š
ɶͷ
ΧĻȷɶڴ˳ɹͻƵλ񣬷ż롭
˶ʮǰľ飬׾پ͵ؾ档
һΣ˾ͷ
Ȼһĵ죬ȴûм
ǡɾһĵطǶĴڡ
ﰵ̾
ԭ룬ǸطڣȫԽɶӹȥ
ڿȴˡ
£̰ʯ֮Դ
ʱš
Ըоλ𵴡
֪˶ãһԼֽ֮ӣһδģȴλ
λλ֮õɱˡλλ
ʱλ͸λ˳ڣһλתλ
ͻˣ
˫
ʱͷûȫתͷԼһӶֱͳؾ
ɶ
￴ɶ
磬ͻˡ
ɶϣֳһƸ˵Цݡ
Ҳͻˡ
ҲǵͷһЦ
ͻƵλ񣬳ſ࡭
ţԼʵƾѪԺѾûĶ֡
ѪԺԺںַĴڣһĹС
졣
ںˡ
һλľһϲ
һӰɳ׷׺ϲϲ
ಣ
һλӳ⣬ǷһĨЦ⡣
ںַζΪѪԺϣ
ӽԽ죬ΪѪԺ߲㡣
ϢҪʦܷ
ûϲλֱ뿪죬ȥ


573 
һδؾɶջ񶼺ܴ
رǳһΪλҲ˸ߵλ棬Ϊһʵǿߡ
㡣
ɶҲؾͻƵλǱ뿪ȥ̽йδ빬Ϣ
ľƽ
һʱǺɶֿġ
񣬳̽ں֮ͻ֮򡭡
֮Ű֮ơ
ȻЩ棬ַͻ֮
ȻоȽֻ֮ط򡢴âںϼ򵥣ȴҲԲһ͵ġ

ͻȻüͷһ塣
оһʶס
ʶһλġ
ǼòΪɫһֱ뿪ס
ʱҲ˾֮λ񡭡
һ
ˣѵ͵Ǹλйأ
ʵ֤¶ˡ
ռʦܾˣʦأ
λͫһû뵽ʦܿеλȻɾλ񡭡
ʦܣǸλ񣿡
Ŀһ䣬˵ˡ
ˣ
λɫ䣬ȵôģ
ռҵľҵӣɱ
̹̹˼ɡ
ɱʦܣ
λԣͫһһɹɿµϢ
û뵽ֻǱһιأͺԼʦˣУǻŭ

λĵ⣬ɫһ
ڸԷᡣ
Էڤ粻飬ɱ¾
СӣΪɾλ񣬾Ŀˣ
λЦһгһƷһ
Ҳ֪㣬һû
üͷһƽڣٸһᣬ뿪򣬺Ը
ҵҪʲôֶΣ
λЦںַ򣬿죬ΪѪԺĳϡ
ѪԺλУٮٮߡ

λˣƷӳ֮ӰΣ񵶵ΧϢȵĻϢ֮Х
ںϣ
ĿһѹֶԷôţԭôǿʵ
λһûκζվԭأɽ
ˣ
һȻ£˳ϡ
Ȼ㣬
λЦΪΪĶ֣վ
һ̣ϵЦȴˡ
찡
ʲô
ֻ˺úվ˿ղںϵһȻֻ˶Էۡ
⡭
λɫ䣬ǿķ
üͷһ˼֡
ȻԷ֣Ҳˡ
ֻ
ǿҾͲҲǿ
λ¶֮ɫ˫һ֮ɢһ
ǿǿ޹ˡ
䣬һ̧һխӹֻ֮ûá
ˣ
꣡
λո۵ɢһΪ
桭򡭡
ǰضųһŵıǱխţƺϳ˳ʲôע˵ˡ

ûκ⣬Ƭִ֮֡
ϣ
΢΢ȻλΪƾѪԺ޼ɣϴûΪִϣĴ𾴡
Ҹ˵ǹںֱַͲµ㡭û뵽Ǳɱˡ
ִ˳һۡ
ﵭһЦлϹģû¡
ִϵ˵ͷֱ뿪
üͷһƣصԼľ
ʱš
ʮɶٽؾͻƵλ
Ƕʮɶνؾûͻơ
ֹ˶ʮ꣬һΣɶؾͻơ
ʮʱ䣬Ҳڽ֮ͻ֮ںϣںϳ׻ֻǣֻط򡢴âȴһֱںϡ
ɶȥһϴаɡ
ɶ˵һʹɶȥ˻ϡ
˵ҪߣҲûжȻΪλ񣬿磬ں϶ַλȱȽǡһ·Сġ
лϹġ
ͷһЦɶ뿪ѪԺ뿪Ѫǡ
ճѪǼ죬ͷָЩŷǴѶƬĶ
һҡ
УĽ
ģ
ﴫѶʵ
⡰ѶƬǵĽģһֱûӦû뵽θ뿪ѪǼգ˶
ѪԱ
Ľﱨλãǣɶ֣Ųȡ컯̡Ӷ
ܿ죬һɽϿգĽ
ֻǣ˿̵ĽȴЩͷ
λΧ
ںַλһںַλ
ȥĽҲɾλ
䣡
ʱĽλվһÿһȭɫĺХԷںλҲӷâ
ԷϾ˶࣬Ľﴦڱܿʹ·硣
Ľݣ
ɶֱӳĽĸ
λۿĽ˰֣ɫһ䡣
ǵĿ⣬ܿ˳ɶµġ컯̡ϣȻһ

ڸߵλ棬ϢȫͬرǹκһгʶĴڶϵãֻһλ
ߣ
ۿ˻ɫһ
Ľݣʲôˣ
ֱӿڣʵ
Ӷߡ
Ľ˵
Ӷô
˵ͷֻһ̧֣ġС֡
ˣ
кХ䣬ӳӶ߻ûӦһںַλֱ촦
Ӷ߿ͬ³ɫ䡣

ͫһĵѣһۣ˾
ӣ
һתֱӷȥ
Ȼ
ݣ
ﻹûվߵɶˣɶһ̧֣ǡδ뽣һ⣬ת׷һӶߣֱӴ͸塣
һ̣δ뽣һӶնɱԶ

ĽվԶ״ˡ
ȥۼзѾһ𺳡
񿴵ǰסˡ
ʲôʱ򡰹ôֵǮˣ
Ľݡ
ĽһЦ
λӰɣ
ĽĿһЩޣִѹЩӹ֬׷ûȤ
Ľһۡ
ǲǿռ֮ĺ˰ɣ
ĽĿŹ֣ʵ
Ϊʲôô˵
һ㶡
ǸǿҲδУ˾ǿ϶ռ֮йϵ
Ľһ˵
ḻô
ʡ
ͻƵλģ͹ˣ˭֪·ӶߡԭǷյҵĴѶղҾˣû뵽
ĽЦһ¡
㻹á
ҡͷһЦҲǸ뿪ѪԺա


574 ɱǿߣ
Ľһ飬һǼһˣ׼ȥ
Ľ˫һЩ档
Ľݣ㵽ߵλʱǳ˵δ빬
ʡ
δ빬
Ľһ㶣ҡͷû˵
̾ǹҪȥˡ
Ǹʲôδ빬ʲô
Ľʡ
й
˸ڣϾֱ˵Ҫɶĸĸ
ĽͷҲûɣ΢ЦҷҲûͺһߡҲȥʶһ¡
ЦݡҲ㡣
˵ɫ𣿡
Ľ˳һۡ
ȥģ
Ľʡ
սǣ
˵
սǣ
Ľü㲻ȥɡǰսǵġɡɲƱ
İɣǲ¡
Ŀһ΢΢һЦ
˵Ҳɣսǵʱ򣬰սÿʮġսޡֿʼˡ
ƭˡ
Ľ˫΢΢𣬺һţϴڰսһУһҲ
г컯̣Ѿǻꡣ
ȥģ
Ľʡ
һɣ
˫һ΢Ц
һɣ
ĽɵˣǻɿںַĸǿߣϴǲӳڣҪȥ
ѵӲˣ
ﵭһЦһš
ĽȻ뵽ֻҪķڣҲͲõĻᱻǻɱ
ҲĹˡҲãǾȥǻɡ
Ľͷ

ûȥս޵ֱ֣ӽڻڵһ֮⡣
˸

һ紵֮УһӴӰ֣ǻɡ
Сӣ
ϳ˳Ľ
Ŀ⣬˽µ컯ϣһ˫ͫף¶̰֮ɫȻˣ£
ҪǾͿûǸˡ
ﵭһЦ

Ŀһ䣬˳ٶ֮죬Ȼš
Ȼ
ಣ
컯һ׾پ˶㿪˻ɵĹ
ٶ죬ȴҲ޷׷컯̵ٶȡ
ֻ𣿡
ɫһ
Ǿ档
Ŀһٿ컯˻ɡ
ʲô
Ľɫ䡣
˫ӹſѪڣλϯ滹߲ʰ쵵ķַ֮򡭡

ɲ֮䣬ٿ컯õһԡ
ɲǼ䣬һƷ·ʧɫϢϯֱӻɵڡ
ǲʲôͫһ
Ȼһ̵Ļɣͱͫһģ
ֻˣ¶ַϵҲ̡
һУ·ʹ˾ֹһ㡣
Ľɵˡ
ⶼô£
ռ
񡭡
ɶĿһ
ˣ
Ŀ΢䣬֣У˸ɭȻĹ󣬺Х
꣡
˲䣬ǻɵͷ­һն¡
һ̣¶ǹɢʬ壬Ȼ䡭
⡭
Ľͫһؿųоǲ˼顣
⻹ʶĳ
ת֮䣬ɱںַĴڡ
ֻǣһͷֲˣʩչһɫ԰ף˺񳹵һ
Ľݣָ
Ŀ⣬ڻ׹ʬһ࣬һöֱָ¡
ǻЯָ
Ľָȡ˹ݸ˳ǡ
û£ֻĴЩѡ
ҡҡͷҧָָѪȡһöƷʯ̰š
Ƭ̣ɫָ˼֡
ܿ죬ɫֲ԰
Ϊתڵˡ
ղɱ֮ǰӳһ֮ڵ
ǡʱ֮
Ӱʱ䡣
漰ǡ֮ӡʱһֱһ
Ƿκδڶá
ֻϧʱֻλ񣬲顣
ͻƵλ񣬿ԸضùĴһ뷨һǿ顭
ɣΪĿ꣡
˵ҲǵùҪǵꡰӡ˳һѣδػ֪Ĵڡ
Ҳûãʱ׼ٿ컯Ӵܡ
˭֪ǹʱ֮ȴĿӰ쵽ǿߡ
ںַΣʱ֮֮Ծֹɳ׸
ʶڵһеĿ¡
Ǿͨʲôڡӵ磬һ㿪չֳµܡҲˣҳ֮ʣȻôһŹֵУǸߵλ洫˵еġʱ֮񡯲ӵе
һɻ
ò˵ܾϲ
ǻɣǿߣںַĴڣֹʱ䣬һնɱ
ȻȫյĸоҲǼΪܵġ
֮ʱ֮֮б㿪ʼҺʱ֣һӳˡС
¶ɱɡ
߰ɣ
ڣֹͣճҲڿ»
ʱɫָ˼ֺ
ٿ컯̣뿪˰սǡ
ղǡ
뵽ղŵһĻĽﻹ̲ס¡
һɲǣͺȫɺͻʩչĹ׶֮УȻһͽɱˣɾ䣡
֪ʲôĴҲˣƫƫ֪
ڳնɱǿߣ𺳡
ãԵɺʶѣƺѰ֮ˡ
Ҳ֪Ӧú͡ʱйء
ҡҡͷֵ
ʱ
Ľͫһʧ˵Ǵ˵ʱ֮յġʱ򡯣ڡռ֮ϵĴڣ
ͷ
ֻǣʱһ˵ߵλҲԽһЩߵλףʱ˶˵ֻǴ˵ڣ
Ľ˻λԴͻȻãЩ׶ǿ˵ġ
ʱ򡱣̲ס˸ղŵһĻ
ڻǻɲǱﶨס
ɵʱжģֻǼΪ΢
ֻǣĶȴǱҲǵʱϸ۲컣ɣҪȻֲˡ
ԣĽڶڳĻŲɣóſڿӡ
㵽ʲôˣ
Ľһʡ
ҲǸ˵Һһڵ͵ȷλ档
ҡͷһЦ
͵ȷλ棿
ڣĽڳڵĵ͵ȷλ棬˺档
һʲôķλ棬ȻܵĹ
ʱ򡭡
ǰ𺳣ȴ
ʱ֣֮ѵζŸߵλ棬Ҫһλ˵еġʱ֮񡯲ɣ
Ľ˼


575 ʯ
ĽʶԼʶλѣպ󼫿ܻǸߵλУ춯صĴ
ʲôЦ
ʱ䷨Ĵڣпܻͨ
Ǹ߸ϵĿռ֮񣬶ʱ򡭡
񣬳˿νûĿĵǰš
ÿһطǶѯиСδ빬£Ȼ˵Ҳϰˣȴһ˵δ빬
еδ빬ܲڡ̲
Ľ˵
ţǾ뿪̲
ͷ
ߵλУΪʮֻ̲֮һ
δ빬Ӧòڱ̲
ףǱߺͦ˵ġ
˼ǰһ£һɽ֮⣬ȴһȺɽ֮۶ȥ
Ľ¶ֺ棬ǹȥ
ͷңң컯̣˷Ӷ׷ǰһȺ˵Ĳ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ɽ֮һ޴ĺֳɫ
ȻһȺˣȴǶֱ֣ӳ˺֮¡
Ƿ𣿡
Ľסˡ
Ӧʲô
Ŀһ²
ôΪ֮Ǻ֮ʲôԡ
λֵܣȥ
Ľһλʡ
ֻǣλһɨĽȴûᣬԸٶȳ
ӣһȺӣ
˼ˣһĽĽﲻֵ
Ȼǲ˵ǽȥ֪ˣ
ҡͷһЦ
ɶߣ
ǣɶ֣ն¡
ȵң
Ľæȥ
Ҳӵ˺֮ϣֱӽ˺֮ڡ
ϡԿһӰѸ֮¶ȥ
֮ˮ峺ףϡԿȺվں֮Уƺæµʲô
ţʯ
£ڿˣ֮µһȺˣھʯ
֮£Ȼһʯأ
ʱĽҲˣĺǶȥھ򣡡
˵ͷֱӺɶ˺ס
һƬ˱Ƚٵĵط
ֻǣطƬ֮䣬ֱȺˡ
һˣҪô֣ҪôΣؿŽµʯء
ƺֻƷʯ
üͷһ塣
һʯأԽǺ֮ʯƷԽߡ
Ľ˵
ʱѾʼھˡ
һطھ򣬺ܿ죬ĽڵƷʯ
˳
ڳ׼ʱһըװں֮ϴݶ䡭
ںھʯţʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ڣûг֮ˣǱ̲ˣ衮ˡ
ݶ䡣
һʱ䣬֮´ˣɫһ䡣
̲
̲ǸߵλһĳƺǶһĳƺ
̲ߵλҲֻʮ
ܿ죬һһ䣬һ󣬻ѡ뿪Ͼû뿪Ǻܻܿ᳹
ʯ㲻ʲôˡ
Ƭ֮󣬺֮µˣ˰˳ϡ
һЩˣھ˼ʯ󣬷뿪

ĮٴδӺ֮ϴݶ䣬ͺǴһ㡣
񣬳˳˻ڼھ⣬Χʣµ˲ˣǵĶ

һٴ£ó˳⣬ʣµ˷׷ȥ
ˣ߰ɣ̲˵һ˵ɱͲǻ
һλ뿪֮ʱѡ
ֻϧ˲ûнĻϡ
˶ˣùڿԣǽʯصĺģһƷʯȡߣ
Ľ˫ۣ¶̰֮ɫ
ͷ
УҲ¶˼ֿ
ǻµָƷʯҲޡ

ԶȲʯеƷʯ
ˣ
֣ʯؾȥ
ʱжһ㣬ʯرƷʯ˺
ֻˣƷʯҲһ˺
ϣ
ͻȻһƵ
ȴǳУʲô͵Ķֱӱ
ʲôܵ£
Ľסˣ˫һЩͷƤ顣
ɫһ䡣
磬ƺϢ
ɶҲżּɵ
ʱ䵽ˣǲˣ
ʱ֮ϵĮٴδ
ֻǣȴϾȥᣬǵĿ⣬˽±˺ѵʯС
ѿĵطͻȻ⡣
ಣ
һ̣һѸޱȵӰӶ
Ӵۡ
ֵӰһɰСŮҲ͡
ֻǣͨƤȴ֮ɫ
һʱ뵽ǰġˡ
ߵλУҲƷ֣
ס
ͻȻ﷢֣СŮ¶ĸ첲ϣһССӡǡ
⡭Ҹղһǿϣ
סˡ
ڳ˻ھ㵵ʱֻСŮһ̤գһ죬һ
ɲǼ䣬
﷢֣֮еʯأȻ󣬸ǻҺ塭
ЩҺ壬ԴԴϵسСŮ
СŮ̽˶
ʯػҺȫСŮ̽ȥСŮСƤ˸á
⡭ʲô
ĽЩͷƤ飬ʳ
֪
ҡͷȫ
Ҳǹ
˭֪СŮͻȻĽ
õҵĴ
Ľɵˡ
Ҳŵˡ
ǼΪصģǿλ񡭡ǿռ֮񣬿¶δ˵ġ
صСŮȻ
Ҳǹ
ܿ죬СŮĽǰһ档
㡭㲻ǹ
ĽҲоСŮĲ򵥣æ˵ҳɡ
СŮͷ˳˫۷Ź⣬ϲ㡭С硯ζ
ζ
ﻹڷ㶡
СŮѾ˹Ĳϣϲؽеǡ硯ζǸ𣿲ԣ겻Ǹ硣
СŮųһ
ЦϴˣҲĸ硣
СŮҲ־¡
ղնʯأֻںϷҲˡ
ɼˣҲֻСŮһӡۡ
СŮķ̫ˣ
ȻӲһλĹҲ
ǹ׾پƿķ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ڳˣΪСŮͷ۵ʱ򣬺ϿգһӰ¡
ʯأ
ʯûˣ

Щ˷ֺһƬ޺󣬳״סˣܿ죬ǵĿ˳ˣǹŹСŮϡ
ȡʯأ
һȺʮˣȫλΪ׵ĺˣųＸˣѹֶͳҲȡߵʯءڣ̽
ˣиζԺСѾǸˡ
СŮЦ


576 Ϲ
СŮ˵˵⻰
Ϊ׵ĺЩҲסˡ
˵ǰˣȻûһᣡ
رǸСŮû
ɱǣ
ֱг˱֮ɫ
ʮˣͬʱˡ
ںϷ֮硣
Ķںַģ
Щһ֣Ϳǵʵһ
Ǳ̲ˣʵ˿¡
Ŀ΢䡣
׼ٴλеʱ
˭۸磡
ֻһϵСŮȻ뿪ֱӳ
˲䣬СŮϣһɫĹָ֣˸ʯĹ󣬲ɢĳ˻ס
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ʱʮλĹȫ˹ϣȴһ˿û
⡭
ʮλɫ䡣
ʲô
ͨڵ࡭ʲô壿
̫ˣ

ЩλһĻš
Ǻ꣬ɫҲǶȻһ䣬㡭ʲô
˭֪ں˵仰ʱСŮϣͻȻһɱϢ
СŮٴδ˿ȴŷŭСѾ˽СѾ
ߣ㲻ǹʲô
Ц
ǡȥɣ
СŮ˼֡
һɲǣСŮΧĹһȻ鿪
Щɫһγһɫļ׶ں֮ڵļ׶
ȥ
СŮȣЩ׶ХֱӺߵһȺλ

Щ׶ٶȿ磬˷ʤ
ǷӦλҲֻüһ֡
Ȼһ͸壬Ǻڣ
ӵĺ֮У»ָ
⡭
ĽʹһСŮĿ⣬ż־塣
Ҳ̫뺷˰ɣ
ţôһСŮ˿µʵ
һСŮĳַʽԼСŮ̵ʯصһĻȻˣСŮԶС
ɶĿⶼһ
﷢֣СŮղʩչĹֻǴ
ûжκη֮
ǱĹСҲǲضã
ңСŮʵƺԶλ
ƺΪۣΪ¡
뵽СŮղ͵еʯأֺʲô
磬СѾɣ
СŮһһֻһ㣬˳Ĳϡ

æͷֻǣܲҲ
磬㲻ҪСѾ𣿡
˭֪СŮ뿪ĲӺ˵޾Ϳޡ
ֻǣᣬȻҲǺɫġ
ңԺ󣬾Ȼ۳ɾ
ǡƷʯƷʯҪ⡭ѵǡ񾧡
ĽｫСŮˮɵľһ
Ҳסž壬ܿͷ֣⾧̺ԶƷʯңգ
ڵΪϴεģûȫָ
ڣеľ壬һһĿȱͱ嫵λ֡
ӯ
̲˱̲⣬û֪ġ
û֪̲λɽ֮С
һƵľɽɽ֮УһѸޱȵӰƾʧԭأһ̳֣֮⡣
¾Ȼˣ
һŰˣһ˫ӣתɫĹ⻪һࡣ
ѵ˶ʯأߣ
һߣ̼䣬Ѿһĺơ
񣬺֮ϵУһӰһ顣
Ǳ̲ĴˣȻûг
ͻȻûˡ
ҪҪȥ
Ҫȥȥҿɲ

ˣ۷׷ס
ߣ
ˣǸӦʲôɫһĿ⣬˺ĺϡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʱˮĽأһŮӣһСŮͬʱӳ
ţ
ճͷһĿ⣬ˡ
̧ͷȥһ۾Ϳˣһˡ
ǡǾȻˣ
̲Ĵǣᱻɱ˰ɣ
ɣ

һʱ䣬Ͽգ֮
ɱұ̲֮ˣ֪³𣿡
ʱ̤ն䣬Įޱȡ
ʲôˣ
üˡ
̲£Ϲ
˵ڣмżֲ
Ϲ
µһǿߣںַĴڣ
찡û뵽Ϲˣ⼸˹ʮˡ

Ⱥһ
ںַ򣿡
Ľһ飬Щ֪ɱںַĴڣͲô˵ˡ
Ŀ΢䡣
ǵ·֪³𣿡
ʱڵСŮˣЩ
Ϲɫһ

һ֣СŮɨû÷֮
ΪСŮᱻֱɨɳȥܿͷ֣ХСŮϣȻûκ˺
ʱΧ˵Ŀ⣬ϹϣЩŹ֣
Ϲ̲ǿߣȻκβһСŮ
Ϲ߳ŭ
䣡
һγ֣˷֮
ֻ˷֮һǶ˶ַ֮
֮ںһ
ַ֮
ɫһ䣬ϹʲôںַĴڣںַǿߣ
䣡
һΣϹںϷХ绯һʺ磬СŮͺȥ

𵴡
Ȼһ̳ɢСŮԭأ˿
㡭㵽ʲôˣ
Ϲɫ䣬ôҲںַĴڣȻʵ̲һĸǿ߱ȣȴҲ
СŮͺ˲˼Ĺ
⡭
ĽҲסˣŹֵСŮȻַĹܵ¡
ֻгɶ˼
СŮķǼʶģĹûãοַں֮

Ϲڵͬʱһ׶ӡ
׶ӳ״էһ֣ɭȻĹ󡭡

Զ̲ס

ڳĴˣĿɿڴ

ɫһ䡣
ǹַںϣСŮδܵ¡
СѾ
һСŮͬʱ£컯֡
ɶ컯ϡ
ĽҲҵʶѾĴ㡭

׼ֵϹĹһ͡
УɲǼ¶̰Ĺ
һ
ʲôʱôֵǮˡ

Χһ
Ľݣֱ뿪ءǶĹ
ǣһĨЦ
Ľԣ˫һʶ˳Ŀġ
̫ˣ
ò˵ָоƺҲͦˬġ


577 δ빬
ڳϹĹʱϹҲµĹ

ϹӶ˳ˣٿб䡣
ȻȴûĴ㡣
һ컯̵ٶ£ת۾ƵϹ
˲䣬߶֮ڵУ֮ڵʱ֮ХϹڵһƬ򡭡
ɲǼ䣬ϹڵĿռ䣬ʱ·ֹ
ˣ
̧֣֣һ£Ϲ屻һΪ
һ̧֣Ϲλǹ˳
Ϲ壬Ȼ¡
ΧһƬš
Ƭ̲֮ס˼
ȻϹɱˣ
찡ϹǰȻ޻֮
ǹٶ̫ˣϹ˻ûӦͱɱˡ

Ȼڳ֮ˣ඼ΪϹûзӦɱġ
ôܻ֪ϹʵôܻᷴӦ
ֻϧϹ뵽˴˵еġʱС
ۣǸǸ
ͻȻСŮҪȥȴĿֹˡ
ء
СŮֿ
ĽææҵؽСŮᡣ
оڵҲæȡСŮ񾧣ʼתԼ
񾧵ٶԶƷʯЩ벻
ڣСŮɶİοֹͣ˿
ϲ㣬ϲˡ
СŮվɶߣĹĵؿų
ﲻɿЦСŮҲһ鷳Ҳ֪ʲôᣬȻɡ񾧡
񾧣˵ִֻ͵ʯУʯصĺġ
Ʒʯٱ
ں֮У񾧸меĴڣ֤
߰ɡ
﷢ΧһȺ˶ڶעĿ󣬲ٿ컯ֱ뿪
ʱֽϹĹһĽ
Ľֽӹһ㵣ǡ
ôҪҪͻҡ
Ц
Ҫô᲻Ҫ
Ľæ񱧱һ׶˻³Ҫȥ
ĶֶһСŮһһΪѲСŮͿޣȻʹŵ񾧣ǿ޶ˣȴóеһҡ
ò˵һСŮһ·ϵҲ˼ֿ
˻֡
뿪˱̲Ժ󣬳Ϳʼδ빬Ϣ
֮˽
δ빬λڡ籸һΪȻ
˵δ빬Ĺʵں籸ĸ߶ں˰ַĴڡ
Ҳ֪ҵʱǷܶں˰ַĴá
̽δ빬Ϣ󣬳˫һ
һֱƽɶҲ΢Щ
вУһ²ˣں˰ַĴڣҲ׷ϡ컯̡۷λ񡣡
Ľ˵
Ҳǡ
ͷ
δ빬ں󣬳һ˾ͳˡ
δ빬ѪԺһһĿռ䡣
ԴδеĴȥ
ˣֱͨδ빬Ĵǰ
䣡
Ľһ̧֣׶ɳµѹôǰļδ빬ɫ䡣
ʲôˣ
һδ빬ӣ
찡
򿪴ƣǽȥ
ĽĮĿ⣬һһɨδ빬ӣ
δ빬ɫ䣬ȴҲ˿ɣæ˴󡭡
Ｘʧڴǰʱ򣬼˶һۡ
߰ɣִ֪Ƿ˽빬УǱɣ
Ҳʹˣÿ󡭡ߣ

һشδ빬ӣֱȥ
δ빬ڵĿռ䣬һƬƽԭ
ɶǵ𣿡
ɶ
ɶͷЩӡ󡭡
ȥδ빬
﻽컯̣һֻδ빬ȥ
һ·ϣȻ˲ˡ
찡ʲô
ǹǷ
ѵǹ˵ѣ

δ빬Ӿȡ
Щ˵ۣҲ˶УԦ컯̣һ΢׳˶δ빬ǰʣǹ
δ빬һڱߡ
·
ҲȶԷӦֱӽץ컯̡
컯һʧԶͷ
ڳδ빬ӣŷӦ׷׾̫̾ˡ
˵ĲǷϻ𣿾ݴţٶȣֻ۷λ
۷λǿǱȿռ֮ҪĴڡδ빬ĹˣҲں˰ַ򣬾۷λֻһ֮ңȴԲ롣
ȻҪȻ۷λҲôˡ

һˣǸ׳˶δ빬ӣһ󣬾ͷٶȡ
ǹ˵סҲδ빬Ľء
δ빬æ˵
˵ͷ
ɶĽСŮһӶ
Ƭ̣͵ǰĽȺ֮ǰ
һڿռ価ͷĽȺ
ЩȺУȴƺÿ¡
˽뽨Ⱥ󣬾ͷһСǣһǡ
ʲôˣ
ʱһ·֮д
һµˣڳＸǰ

˳ֵɲǣɶ˫죬¶ɭȻɱ⡣
ϳ˴ˣδ빬
ţ
˸Ӧɶɱ⣬ĿһĿɶʱȴ¶˿ϲ֮ɫǵֻСꣿռλ
˵Ŀ⣬ܿɶҵİɫ֮ϡ
һš
ռλ
ʲô
û뵽֮Լĸĸһ޴
˸һֱɶ
׼
ʱﱩһ
ɲǼ䣬֮ڣ֮ʱӿɢڰ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬˵彩סˡ
ݣ
䣡
ˣ
ɶеδ뽣Ľе׶гУͬʱӳ
󹥻ų˹ʡ
֮䣬˵屻飡

ô򵥣
ĽסˣѰδ빬ϰ꣬Ϊľɱδ빬
ǣĵһ̣ȴһ
ǡ
üͷһƣŰ˱飬һµҲ¡
ϣо˹Ϣ
ʲô
һ̧֣
ڳＸˣΪɱδ빬ҲΪɶ˳ʱ
ߵλ棬ں籸һˡ
һɽ֮УͻȻһɿϢ
һٵҵķ
ɲǼ䣬һȼŻӰ
֮𵴣һѷ֡
Ǹߵλ棬۷λҲֻ΢˺һѷ졣
ڣͶ䣬·ѿռ䡣
˵ģҲֻСռ֮񡱡


578 ռλ
δ빬ڡ
СŮǸֵĹֱϡ
˲˵ֶ仯
磬͸Ұɡ
СŮų˫תͺﲻӦֱֻӿ޳һ㡣
ϲȥ
˰֣ڵ˼ڹ֮ϣɶϡ
ɶվ˫ᣬǰĽȺ廳ʲô
ɶ
ɶߣǰ˵ˡ
ɶûӦ
ûн
ʱһɶİͻȻ
ܿ죬һӰڳɶǰΡ
ѣ
ǰɶסˡ
ô
ڲ˵ʱ򡣡
ƺ˳ɶкܶһ̧֣һλ˲ڳɶϣͬЯһԵСŮĽֱ뿪δ빬
ܿ죬ͷ֣˶Уٶ֮죬ڡ컯̡
⡭
ﱻˡ
ʵôǿ
ռ֮
۷λ
ûãͷ֣Լ˱̲
ѪԺ
ٴεͨ͵ȷλǸС
Ѿֵ
һˡ
ֻоǰһӰͳء
ûзӦͿһӰʮöƷʯһӰС
ͨأصǬ½˿
ѣô£
̫ɻ
ɶҲ
ĽСŮĴ
ȥ˵ɡ
һ֣ת֮䣬һʧԭء
ݣ
ѷ˺Ｘ˱˳ȥʱŷԼֻصԪ֮ڵġһ塱ڵĴϿڡ
ĴԺСŮ⣬Ｘ˶
̫嶯ˡ
ҡҡͷ
ѣô£ǲǰɶ˳𣿡ɻʣڻ㲻ΪôҴҽǴͺڶʲôһ
˳𣿡
ϸһĨɬ⻹ǳһοҲ¶Ƶı顣
һֱģٴ飬ҲǱֵƵᡭ
ڣȻҲ¶ı顣
ҲζţҪ˵飬򵥡
ѡ
ɶҲҪ֪ȥ
̾˿Ż˵ɶ֪ĸ׺ĸסǶǡռ֮񡯣
ռ֮
ɶסˡ
һԵĳĽҲסˡ
һ
ɶĸĸǿռ֮˿ռ֮ǿڣվڸߵλ۷Ĵڣ
һ㣬ʼϲ
ɶ˿¶ľݣҲ֪һ㡣
˵ʵ꣬ңǡ㡯㸸ĸµġʹ
㣿
ɻ
δ빬
˵
Ȼ
ܿ죬˵֮£Ҳ֪ȥ
ɶĸףɾ͵Ŀռ֮񣬶ɶĸףȴޡβʥɾ͵Ŀռ֮񡭡
꣬ڸߵλ涼ǼΪǿĴڣΪĭǸߵλκοռ֮񣬶Ҫɵ֡
Ҳûʲô
ǣʱţɶĸĸԺ󣬾;һǰ;
׼תռǿйעɶ
ɶպԴƸߵλĹƣɾµġռ֮񡱣ʱ֮񡱡
Ȼڹؼʱ̣ɶµʹ㡱Ҳδ빬׼¶֣ɶĸ׺ǿᡰռλ
ռλҲǿռ֮λ
ǿռλ󣬽ɾµġռ֮񡱡
֮ɥĲһɶĸ׵ġռλҲһᡣ
ֻϧɶĸ׵ȻΪתռľ޴ȴҲӹһ٣ʱҲǿ֮ĩ֮ʣԼġռλԼŮҲɶ
ռλɶϹŵġɫӡ
ΪɶĸġʱҲɶĸ׵ġʹΪ˶׷ɱշת͵ȷλ桰Ǭ½
ò˵һ췽ҹ̷ûʲô
ҲǾþԻ
û뵽ɶ㾹Ȼλռ֮ĺˡ
Ľһȡ
ԣ
ͻȻʲôѣ֮ǰɱδ빬˭
㡣
˵
ǿռ֮𣿾ôˣҲԡ
ЩͷۣˣбҪǵһʱǬ½
ֻΪռܱ֮һƿδ빬֮ǰδ빬ķȺɶĸĸһֽġ
˵̾˿Щ廳
ѣ˼ǣû
һ
Ȼû
ͷҴ뿪ʱӦ·ϸһЩС
ڳＸ˵ո˵ҲЩ¡
ɶһԣĿ⸴ӡ
ΪѾΪĸ˳ȴû뵽˻úúõģԱκ˶󡭡
ռ֮
ȡ׵λ͵ġռ֮񡱣
ѡѲҲǿռ֮񣿡
ﺧȻʡ
ĽҲҲӹһ˿⡣
Ҳǡ
ҡͷ
ٶôô졭ѵ۷λ񣿡
ʡ
ͷ۷λ񡭡
ŻȻ˵۷λٶȣȷҪ졭ԭһЩɣˡ
뵽֮ǰ뿪δ빬ٶȣﻹеһ𺶡
۷λʵȻô¡
ţ˵£۷λҲһ˽⡣
۷λ񣬿ƿռ֮£ǿĴڡ
ں˾ַ۾ַʩչĹڹ
۷λҲųΨһܴӿռ֮Ƥӵ˳ӵġλ񡱡
ѣȻǿռ֮񡭡ǸβɱӶ𣿡
ʣɶһۣһۡ
֪ɶ֪һ֪࣬ʵûбɱԺ󣬿϶Ǻʧ
λ񣬲ɱռ֮񡭡ʱ򣬾ǿռ֮ҲʤȻʱʱҲɱռ֮һ̶ϣߵλĿռںϣԼռλ򣬷ǿռ֮񣬱ɱ
ֵ
ѣɶϲĸĿռλֱΪռ֮񣬲ɱˣ
һ¡
ʱɶҲ¶ڴǰѣ˵Ķԡ
˵ţɶҪȥժϹŵİɫӣҲǿռλ
˭֪
һ̧֣ɶĿһԺ󣬴ǱˡҲöռλɶĸġҪҲ
˵ֵɶҲλˣԿʼ̽ռλ
ɶĿһ¶һ˿ڴѣҪã


579 ʮ
⡮ռλÿ㷨ںϳ̶ȣںطϣһ֮ڣͿȫ統ġ㡯˲㸸׵ġռλ
˵ڣֻںַʮ꣬ꡭɹ
Ļɶ˵ͷ
ô궼ˣҲں⼸ʮ꣬ϰꡣ
˿οɶɶֻҪɹ˿ռλɾ͡ռ֮񡯡ʱҰ㽫ɱ
š
ɶͷĿ⣬ˮ
ꣿʱҲʱ䣬͵ȷλתת
ĽһЦ
СŮǣ
Ŀ⣬վһԣԹˣСŮϡ
СŮƤڣҲһ֪ƳɵĺɫشһС
Ҳ֪ʲô
Ц֮ǰСŮľһһ
ЩȣʯСŮ̵еʯأ
Ҳǵһš
ر˵СŮԻ񾧡ˡ
һö񾧣ںеļ۸񣬾ͿԻȡϰöƷʯ
һк򸾱뿪һ壬ĽСŮȻǸǡ
Ҳнûˡ
صңŷ֣Լһ߰˴ˡ
Ҳɸп
ҺãΪٶ侳ҲԻǧꡣ
ʱ޷ͻƵʾ㽫λǣ񣬻
λҲֻ͸ĸͶһۣЩС̫ˣȴֻǿһۡ
ɶ㰲ıչذɡ
ɶϾҪչأԽͽ˻ʹйһң֮źϺ뿪
ģá
ĽЦ
Ҫǻڵĵ͵ȷλ棬Ҳˡ
ҡͷһЦ
ţԣת۾͹ȥˣǶڵ͵ȷλ˵ȴǲ׺ɣ
ߵλ档
δ빬
һӰɫ
ǾȻ뿪ˡ϶Ǹϼһﻵ£ϼһΪҲܽ͵ȷλ棬Ͳκ𣿡
ɫ쳣ѿ
ռ֮Ϊƿع֮Իܵ͵ȷλġų⡣
ǵ͵ȷλ˳ɾ͵Ŀռ֮ܽ͵ȷλ档
˫һϱ鲼ɱ⣬öռλû˱ûˡҲǺù
ûá
δ빬Ϊģһ˵Ϣݶ
̲ѪԺǧʮߺ֮µĵ͵ȷλ棬ˡռλ
ʱλ񣬷׷ӿС
һЩλλҲȥ֡
Ǭ½

ϿգһӰ۳Ρ
ѣôˣ
ĽоϱŰϢ
ߣ
һ̧֣˺գųֱ뿪
ת˲֮䣬Ľһ࡭
ѣǣ
ﻹɻ
Ƭ֮˵Ӱڳǰ
ǹġ
ϻǾѪԺӽǧʮߺءǵõˡռλǾǿռ֮ˣ
û뵽͵ȷλ棬Ҳֿռλ
Ϣмٰɣ
Ӧòᣬ˵һλռ֮˴ġ

֮󣬻˽š
Ľɫһ䡣
ȻҲ²һ㣬ǱɡԼҲҪǼȮ
ɫһ
֮ǰһ۷λֶΡ
ֻҪжһʱͿԷ֣ҸϹ
գͷ˶ų˸˹

Ļһ㶡
ЩͷٽͣȽȥڤ粻飬ɱ
˫ɱ⡣
ԣһǬ½ļ磬˶Ǭ½
ǸߵλһȺӿǬ½Ȼ췭ظ
λ֮У׼뿪

Ľһʱͳ˵ǰ
λüͷһ壬Ȼٶȱǻ죡
˵ʱ϶ظ

˵ۣɫһ˸һ˿˿⣬ˣȥ򣬺Ը
һڣλɫ䡣
뿪ǿռλ
Σ
ǿǻʮöƷʯܽ͵ȷλ桭Ϊ˿ռλˣ
ǲԸ⡣
ûˡ
Ľʼ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҳɫٸһλᣬ뿪
Բѣ
һλһмƷֱ֣ӳ
ںλУչֳǿĹ
ʱĽﶯˡ
׶Ľһµˣ׶ӿɲǼӭ˳ֵǸλĹ
䣡
˲䣬·ݿһ㣬׶ƺԴݻһУλĹٵ֮󣬺ݺλϡ

λ壬˲ըƬƬ֮ռ䣬ʳޡ

һ̡

ʣµλɫ䣬æȥ
ܿġ
ߣ
Ľɫһ׶Ҫӳ
Ľݣ
סĽ
ţ
ĽȻͣ£ȴһɻ󣬡֮ǰû㣬ڼʶǵ㵨С󡭡ߣƺЩǡ
͵Ǳǰɡ
ﵭڣΪ⡣
ۿĽﻹЩɻ󣬳͵Ľݣ㣬֪һ͵ȷλСռλȻȥֵʱ˵ƥеĴɱ¾Σ
ȻǴֵͷ
Ľֱӻصţӳ˹һЦ

ʱٴγ֡
һ֮УҲĿУ֪˿ռ֮͵ȷλơ
ѹǸҪôǴöռλ
Ȼ
ϢЩںߡַĸǿߣ۷λ񣬶ܻ
Ľ΢Щɵ
һʱ䣬ЩҪ졭ͽˡʮ꣬һ֡
ʱ˳ĶС
һ̣ͷ֣Ӱʧǰ
ʮꣿ
סˡ
ôˣ
Ľʵ
תĻĽҲһ飬Ŀ𣬡ʮҲûʲôҵǾãǸĽռλϢȥ϶һ֡
һҪЩȻĹҹȥɣ
￴Ľ⡣
ĽһЦû£Ͷʮ꣬û죬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ʮ꣡
Ц
ĽԣʮػǬ½˽룬Ӧòį


580 µĿ
˻ŽĶʮô
м˽ˡǬ½
һνˣλλ
ղˣ˵ʲô͵ȷλ棬Թ뿪ǿЦ
͵ȷλ棬ˣ֪ʲô
ǿ϶ǹɢҥԣǲҽ͵ȷλ棬ȻǺóԶʳ

еλλ۷׷ףһ˿м
ǲƭǵġ
Ľ￴ŻˣĽЦ
ʲôˣ
ʱմӸߵλļˣɵ
أ
Ľһ̧֣׶ɭȻĹ⻪˵Ϣɫ䣬
찡ǹ
ˡ
䣡
Ľһ̧׶ɳɲǼ䣬һλֱ˷飬꣬ʧƬ֮䡣

һ̧֣ĽɱǸλλյ
ʣµˣɵˡ
ӣ
˶һֻۣʣһͷ
Ǭ½ǽŵ׶ûվȣͻæ뿪
һѧõǿ졣
ҡͷһЦ
ߵλ棬ѪԺƿصǧʮߺΧ˲ˡ
һĿ⣬ϡ
Կʼ뿪˽ȥˡ
ֵܵĹ磬ôΪʸ֮
վȺУһЦ
ڵȴؽʹߵݴԿֵݡ
ȥҲΪλ
ˣ
ͻȻҲ֪˭һ˵Ŀϡ
ʱĵӰӶǱѣǵɫΪѿ
ǲ˵ôĸˣ
ɱ֮˰ɣ
̫ˣ

һȻɵؿһۡ
ʱճˣҲΪѯʵĶ󣬡ֵܣΣ
ǰռλ𣿡

Χ˵ʻ˵ɫѿˣǸսȥһչˣֱӺɱһͬ顭ûٳ֣ǹҲˡ
£ͺħһ㣬ԶԶ뿪ء
һʱ䣬ϣһƬš
ಣಣಣ
ʱӰԶӶ
ӣ϶ɢһ˿˿ɷ
ǧʮߺأ
һӣüͷһơ
һ̣ҲûΧһȺˣӵϡ
ӣӰΡ
ʮöƷʯڵǸӳܿϵ󡭡
˵Ӱû˵ǰ
ʵܲ
֪ǽΡ
ȵȿɡ

ֵһȺˣĿתء
֮£ǵ͵ȷλ֮Уһ࣬ȴ֮Уͳһ̣Ľ塣

¶һ˿Цݣġȥ
ղߴһ
Ľһûڡ
ڳս̻ʲô塱оҲΪȤ

Ľﲻ
ȸɻˡ
һ̧֣𣬵һЦ
˸͡λˡ
ĽüͷһЦ
ӳĿУҲ֪˳ռλĿġ
ţ֮Ǭ½һ󲨡񡱡
ȻֻλʵԶԼ񣬿Ǭ½УȴҲԺˡ
룬ӵ㲻

ӣڳĽǰ
ˣƺЩʵ
Ŀһ
ʱĽѾȡ˹
ӼĽɫ䣬һ̼ȥ
ǽǣںϷΡ
һںطںַ򡭡
ЩȣһˣǽǬ½ʵǿġ
ֻϧڹǰʵ㲻ʲô
ܿ죬Ϊ׵Ǹʵǿλ˶Ľɱ
̧֣λλ
ǸλĽɱܻĽšֻšЧӦ
ڸߵλ棬Χ
оصĶΧһȺ˶˹ȥ
ಣ
ܿ죬ǾͿ֮ǰơĪ⡱Ϊ֮ˣڳ
ϣԼż־ͽٺζ
ߣΪǼӣеʵԭһݰһҪӳ
ͻȻһȺըһ׳˶ͷţˣ֮Умɨһۡ
ţ
˱ֵܣͼΪƣ˷ɫһһ˫ӣ˸ź⣬׳˶˵ϣ

׳˶ԣ̲סЦˣ̤նֱڶԷǰһӵ͵ȷλӳɥ֮ȮȻ˵
һ䣬׳˶УһǹַںһУ
ַںϣ
ѹҳ̣ԭʵôǿ
ַںϣλУ㲻ˡѪԺҲֻԺʤϣǿҲͺ൱

Ⱥ׷׾Щ׳˶˵ʵ
ںַ򣿡
մӳˣǷһ˿ЦĿ׳˶˵ϣҼȻ˵ȻΪںַ򣬾޵ˣ
Ƿ޵в֪㣬ɣ
׳˶Цһһǹ綾ϯƻֺꡣ
ĳǹΧںһַ򣬻۳У򵥡
ΧĿתһĻ̾øںϷֶΣ
һǹںַλУǾžˡ
մǵ͵ȷλӳλ񣬹Ҫˣ

û˿ôӳˡ
Ȼ֮ǰǰԵúСǿ߷緶
һȥˣȴֻһ˻ڳ֮˲òʵ
֮ܣ
մӳˣҲ֪ڶ׳˶˵Ҳ֪ڶΧΧ۵һȺ˵
䡣
۳һ
ϣ֣
һأںһ
ݣ
ںһķ𵴡
ַںϡ
븮ֻһ֮ң

Ⱥһ󾪺û뵽ôµʵ
׳˶˵ɫҲˣȴЩﻢˡ
˿̣˻ںޣ
䣡
ǹͽԺ䣬֪
׳˶ˣ˴ǹֱӱʳƬ
ֻʣһöλ¡
ΧһƬš
ֱմӳȥڳ֮˲ŻعһУȴż־֡
찡ںַλֻӳǵ͵ȷλУĿչ
ڵȥȻڽǺɱ
ˣǡռλ桯ǲˣһǻؼȥ
ɢ˰ɣںַλֻӳǾǽȥܻų



581 һ
һʱ䣬ΧһЩĴ֮ˣ˶뿪
֮£ӵ͵ȷλ桮Ǭ½һ࣬ĽЩܻһӮˣ
ĽտʼȤս䣬ЩԸˡ
ôûˣ
Ľ￴һįǶŵò˰ɣ
ҡͷһЦһҪ´ξͱˡ
е
Ľһͷ
գٴӭλ
λճ֣Ϳ˻ǵĽɫ΢
ǿĽġ׶ʱ׷ɫ䣬
Ǹġ
һλǸֿɬ
ߣ
һλѾܡ
ӣ
ĽĿ΢׶ɳ˲佫λɱ
վһԣȡλ
ֹ
ߵλ棬Χֻ˲ˡ
˵չλػȥˣɱһֻ֣һ뿪
ղ˽ܾˣȻû˳ѵȫɱˣ
һܣǸչλ뿪ˡ

һȺ˷׷ۣ˽߽أʮöƷʯ˴
ɲǼ䣬ӰʧС
Ҳ֪ǵĽΡ
ûгǱȥ

һԾԾԡ
ؽǬ½ˣȻǺĽ
ò˵ռλջǼġ
أʱţͨǬ½ĴڣԽԽǿ
ںַĸǿߣ˽Ǭ½
ƾ컯̣Ľϣɱǿߡ
ֻʮꡣ
⻹ûйĸǿߡӵйĸǿ߽٣Ҳֻжʱ֮ˡ
ĽоѹЦ
ϣЩǿ߲Ҫ̫ƵɡǶʱ֮񾧰ҲҪʮʱָܻ
üͷ
һ꣬ǰ֣ǼͳŹȥɡ
Ľһ˵
Ҳֻˡ
ͷڵѾ
Щǿߣ۷λǬ½ȻһͿ̿
ֻˣܻ˸ɶռλĹ̡
֡
ϣû۷λɡ
Ľ
ܲѻ𣿡
ûĽһۡ

ͻȻ𵴡
һ׳˶Ӱ
񣬿ֵˣĽﶼҵΪˣǸǿߡ
ǿߣмͬС
ѡ
ڳĽǰһӣſģߣһͷɫͷһߣ֮
һ˫ӣƺ޾ħֻһۣ˼Ҫݽȥ
ӵ˫գ͸¶а죬һࡣ
ţ
Ҳ˳Ľ
ĿⶸȻһ
Ҫˣ
꿪ڣ·µ컯̣Ѿ֮
ɫһǾͿûˡ
Ͼ֪
һ
컯֣Ľ˲ÿ˶ԷĹ
ˣ
䣡
ġСĽġ׶Х˺ꡣ
ɲֻй
͸¶µı䣬һ̧֣һɫĳ޳

һɨµϯ˳к׶
ɲǼ䣬к׶ֱӱˡ
ۣۣ
Ľ̲ס³һѪ

Ľ˫һźĳɫޣһȻ
֮ϣַںһ𣬰Ӷţ볤ӳɻԣó޺һɫߣϵ趯
ӵйĸǿߣ
Ľˡ
Ľݣ㻹ѻ졣
ﲻɿЦ
ֻʩչʱ֮ˡϣʮգᡭ
Ľﻰû˵꣬ͱϣܲ˵ȥ𣿡
Ҹıˣ
ʱճɫ޵ĺ꣬ǷһĨЦϵȫҪˣ
Ϳûбˡ
Ľ˻׶
ɫһ
ɲǼ䣬ϣһⱩǣٶ¡
Ȼ׷컯̣ȴҲڲ׷ϡ

Ľﾪһ
֪ͨ׼ˡ
һͷĿһȻ컯ͣ
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬֮ڵһһµ˲ӳ˺ꡣ
׷ǵĺ꣬£ɲǼԭأͺ񱻶סһ㡣
䣡
ˣ
׶ΧַĺƣӶ˺ϣĽĹĽѾںַ
׶оҪһЩﻹûںϵַ
ˣҲˡ
꣬ͺǱ˰һ㣬ֱӱǵĹС
ɲǼ䣬ըֻ֮һöλԼǳɫĳޣ
һ̧֣λͳ
ջ񲻴Ͻָɡϣʮ֮ڡУҲ˵ˣ
Ľﻰû˵꣬ͷֳһ۵˹Ͻ졣
֮ϡ
Ӱ֮С
վΧ˶ܿ
λǿǶһǶйǿߡ
ǵеһȥ̽ˣڻû

˽
֮ϵˣҲһչȵˣԼһӣüͷ
ǸçѾȥˣȻû
ϸֳɵ֮ɫ
ԼȥҿռλǵԼ˰ɣ
ɫһ²
ֻǣҲˡ
˼ɵ˵
ѵǵ͵ȷλ滹۷λ񣿡
ӲмԺʵĹֻҪ۷λ񣬾ںϰַһӵйĴڣһס
˵ֻǣܾЩס
˳Ĭ
ߣڵգٲҽȥ
ʧȥġ
˫һ˼š
Ǭ½һࡣ

³һ
ʮʱȥڽڵһšСιˡ
ڣǿʼָڵ
ҪѼա
磡
ͻȻߴһóξѡ
ŷ֣֪ʱǸصСŮҲܹˡ
ﲻһͷۣôˣ
㲻𣿡
СŮ鴤ţΡ
һԵĽѾСŮߣʱ׼ӡ񾧡


582 ߵСŮ
ء
⣬СŮ۴
ĽҲæռš񾧡޲СŮ޾һ㣬һͿԵõ񾧡
󣬻ǳҲ̲סŮĿο
СŮֹͣ˿
Ľһʧ
ֹա
Ҳϻָ߰˰ˡ
ٹһ죬Ӧÿȫָ

ʱٴζİϢݶ˴Ӹߵλˡ
ˣ
˿
ǰĹȺĶûʲôǿߡ
ĽȻҲͬһ뷨
ܿ죬ǵǰһŹȵˣԼһªˡ
ţ
һͿ˳ĽСŮˡ
Ȼˡ
üͷһơ

Ŀ΢Щȡ
ǼҪˣ㡣
һ񲻵˴ڣֱӸ˷Ȩ
ľ˵ƺЩ˰ɣãǺǵĹ᲻𣿡
ЦһһĶѡ
˼ǡܱǸɵˣ
Ϊľɫһ䡣
ܡ
˵ͷֻˡѾ뿪ȥѰռλȥˡ
ΣҶǼȤұԣĵòǱ뿪
ľֵ
ԡ
˺ľУת۳ڳ˵Ľǰ
˸ղŵһԻҲˣԱߵĽһۣĽҲڿ
ǿеĺϴθɵǸɣ
ĽЩɵشʵ
пܡ
һɵ
ǲһİɡҪҲǸǿߣҲӵйǡ
ĽǷһ˿Ц
ϣûѻ˵С
Щһﻹĺĺ

ܿ죬￴̧֮䣬һ⼣߰ߵʱɫһ
ûʲôȻϢȴǡϢ
ϣûйɣ򡭡
ɫΪѿ
ֻǣһ̣ɫ͸ѿˡ
ֻǸ˳֮Ϊľˣһ̧֣һ·ѪȾһĿ˸Ϣڱݡ
һ
Ľݣ֪ʲô𣿡
ﴫĽҧгݡ
ʲô
ĽЦҲû뵽ı˵ˡ
˺죡
ֱӵ
Ҳ˺ҵˡô죿ʱ֮ǷܶԸˣ
Ľʵ
ǿҵʱֻ֮һƬ򡣡
˵
Ǿ취ǿ
Ľ˫һֱӴ
Ҳѡˣֻô
ͷ

һ̣컯̾Ͷˣֱ˺ˡ
һ⼣߰ߵĳһƿµںϷ򣬺Х
˸Ӹɴ࣬һ£ѪΣͬںϷ
㣡
˫һ֪ӲӲԲкý
ֻǣҲͶ㿪˵ĵ⡣
Ǹ˵Ľ⣬ȴ񸽹֮ңӰ׷ųˡ
ˡ
ĽЦ
ߣ
ʱСŮͻȻסΣ뿪컯̡
ʲô
ۿСŮȻһƽ⣬ɫ䡣
СŮУǿɲǿЦģ
Ȼϰʱ䶼ûгСŮûʲôϵЩСŮɸ˲ٻ֣ôСŮǰ
ಣ
ɫһҧٿ컯̣ȻͷСŮ
һĳ֮ӿСŮ
Ȼˡ

˿СŮĹɢĽȥ·ϣĿ΢䣬Ƿɱ⡣
ݣ
䵽СŮϡ
۸磡
ʱСŮȻ
һ̣СŮһīĹΣǵ㣬СŮγһ㱣֡
֣ȥСŮʩչķȫͬ

СŮһУµߣʹĽĶĤǶɫɷס
˺ˣɫҲΪѿ
ϣ
ʱйӳĽ⣬ҲСŮϡ
ȻȴҲֻСŮһ
⣬Ӱ١
⡭
ĽﶼסˣȻˣ
ܣ
ɫһйٴӶһӰΣХһСŮϡ
ϣϣϣϣϣ

Ȼȴûһ˺СŮǵĹ϶ɵı֡
ʲô
ɫһ䡣
Ҳסˡ
ǵãռСŮʱСŮͱĹСһӡ
ʱֻںϷʩչ
ȻڣԹںϷ򣬶޷СŮκ˺
оЩͷƤ飬СŮʲôˣ
Һۡ
ʱСŮͻȻˣö˼ִԡ
ʱˡ
һʯӶɫӰȣˡ
䣡
СŮ壬ֱײ˵ϡ
˱˳ȥ³˼Ѫɫ԰ף㵽ʲô
Ҳǹ
СŮױߣٴˡ
ľæ
ɫһȵ
üȴûȥˣǽĿ˳µķϡ
һ˫ӣ¶ȡ
ռλֻǴţδġҵǰ
ɲǼ䣬ľ˾ϡ

ߣ
Ľһֱڹ۲ľۿľɫһ䡣
ԽԽԶˡ
üɱһˡ
ֻǣСŮǱߣȻѹˣȴ޷ɱˡ
ʱ֮ɱľ˻Ҳһ¡
ľ
ʱСŮ׷Ŵˣ񣬻һ⣬ľһ㲻ְңҲõǼ
ľɫһ䡣
û뵽˻ľ
ۿСŮľеѪ˸Ĺ
ˣ
һ£ȴҲ޷ƵСŮķ

ʱĽﱩһ
Ҳˡ
˾ľ֮Ĳ࣬Ϊӽ
ûκγɣֱӴ߶ڵУӿֱ˺ľ򡭡
ɲǼ䣬Ƭ򣬰ˡľڣ׾ֹ
ڣ
䣡
ĽĿһ׶ֱ˦ӰΡ
ɲǼ䣬ľ壬ֱӱĽ顣
ҲһͬŰϢ
ˣ
ҲˣкХ䣬ֱӽһΪ
˵ոշӶͱŰϢֱӽ顣
䣡
СŮ壬Ҳݺײ˵ϣ˲䣬˵Ĳײ˷顭
óһͷƤ顣
СŮȻ˿¡


583 
СŮĽﶼЩë
ء磬СѾۣۡ
ʱСŮīĵΣҲ֮ɢȥָֻ˹ȥģ鴤
ˣСѾˡ
ֽ̧öλ𣬰οСŮ
ء
˭֪СŮ޵øˣ˳ס˳Ĳӡ
Ľµȡš񾧡ﲻɵۣͬʱҲó񾧻ָ
ڵĹŹУԴԴڵλ
ǲ䣬ÿ¾Ҫꡣ
óĽ˿ǣȻҲ˲ٸǿߣȴнģǶָơ
СŮҲ뿪Ƭ֮Ŀռ䡣
ȥﵷˣͲǳܹܵˡ
ֻҪֵԼϾͺá
һ¡
˫һͻȻʮ꣬þȻ˻
ϣһ£ۡ
ĽҲ˿ֻǣտڣͱˣĽݣѻõĲ黵飬˵Ϊ
ĽЦȴҲûٶ˵
Լúܡ
ߵλ档
һǿ߽ѪԺǧʮߺأҲûжһʱ䣬ȻвйǡռλϢȴҲһ˸ҽˡ
Щǿߣ׶༪١
Ҿһжıȥ
Ϣ˵ǿռ֮񴫳ģҲ֪ǲġ
û뷨ˣʵںϷɡ

ߵλУʱָƽ
īոһĻɽȺС
һӰȣ˲˺ѳգڻɽȺϿա
һӡ
£ſµϢ
޶ϣ
ͻȻӿˣݶżϡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬·ضɽҡɽȺһɫӰзӶ
һ࣬ڳɫµࡣ
ϵĳۣվ·һ𡭡
һӣü
īո϶һϳˡ
ˣǺųīոռ֮ʵǿĻ޶ϡҲһǿ۷λ
īոĸˣǱϹϾ˿ҵ
ռ֮񣿡
޶ϵĿ⣬ǰϣüͷһ壬ƺʶ㣬£
ڿռ֮ǰҲҵ
ȻҲ¿ռ֮
Ȼпռ֮񣬿ڿռ֮ǰѵֶλеġ
̲ѪԺǧʮߺ֮µĵ͵ȷλ棬Сռλ
ռ֮Ҳӣ˫һڡ
Ϣ㴫ģ
޶Ц˵еĸǿߣûѶȥ
ߣ
һʵֻ̫۷λ񣬲аյõöռλ
ƺҪȥǸطʲôĿģ
ʲôĿģ
Ҳ㡣
Ҹ㣬ҲҪõöռλȴһļһ˵͵ȷλ棬Ҳ۷λ񡣡
ߣȻˣܴӻڶʳ
޶ϲм
ܸľǣԲöռλֻһͨλû´ǸλѾֻҪɱǸλ񣬶ȡռλˡʱǸ۷λҲܽΡ
϶һϳӣռ֮ɶĳˡ㡱
Ҫ֣;졭֮ǰѾ֪ͨ۷λҲȤ
˫һڡ
ֻһ⣬ûʡ
޶ɫһ˫һ֪Щʲô
Ƭ֮վǶ뿪
ʮ֮⣬ͻȻЦˡ
ҵҪαסռλȻҵòҲǸֵõ
ĿУ͸¶ַ񣬡ǸߵˣƺѰʱҷϵֶΣƺЩڴ˵еġʱ򡯡ʱǴ˵еĴڣֶΣӦֻʱѡ
Ƭ֮ζһС
ɽ
ݶ
ɲǼ䣬еǿžһ󶯵ǻһϡˣ̬ӣһ˫ӣ¶貵Ĺ⻪ҹеķǡ
ռ֮񣿡
˵Ŀ⣬ϣң£
ɽ
㽫֮ǰ޶˵һٴظһ顣
˼ûȤռ֮ûбµĻ뿪
˵ڣһٴλһþ֮С
ߣ
һֱȥ

Ǭ½һࡣ
а¡
ĽϣѵЦݡ

ʱһ󶯵ܿ죬ĽͿһӰӶ䡣
һˣͷһǣһ˫ӣ˸ŰɫĹһۿȥ·˳С
˲򵥣
ɫһ䡣

ܿ죬˵Ŀ⣬˳Ľ£ƺԳķܸȤ
ԴˣﵹǲΪˡ
ߵλЩǿߣֻҪʵģĹ֮ġ

ʱ˶ˡ
һҲûʲôʧԭء
ã
ɫ䣬ֻоͷ֮ϣһΣ
˵ٶȣ˿͸
Сģ۷λ񣡡
Ľ˽
׽ԷĶоͷ֮ϴϢҳɣ֮ڵУ˲Ťת
ʱֱ֮ɨͷ֮ϡ
ʱڳͷ֮ϣǸ˵Ӱƾճ
˵弸£һ˫ӣȴ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
䣡
һԵĽ׶Ĺں֮˵ϡ
ʱ˵屻飬Ҳֻλ
һġذסһһöָ
ָ޻
ָҲǹ
ĽһȻ
Ӧǡ
ҡҡͷţһѪ档
ͣ
ɲǼ䣬ָѪ̵
һ̣һԷΧһ֡
ʲô
ﻹɻ
Ľɫȴˣ˫һ
߶ָ˹֣ɻôˣ
ղţĽҲڹ棬ֻǣûʲôĽȴƺЩԾ
û´Ӧ
ĽЦ

ɻ
Ľ͵෱֪࣬Ĺͷй⣬зַΪԼ͸ˡ
ϵöָеһ֡ղŵǸ֣򣡡


584 
򣿡
üͷһ΢ȵʲôã
ûв´Ļáղұ֣һ·𶼱ѹƣá
ĽЦ
ô
һ㶣Щȡ
Ŀ⣬ϵĽָ֮ϣҲûô
ֹûôĺ̶ȣڷй
Ľ˳һۡ
Ľݣô֪ôࣿ㲻ҲǴӵ͵ȷλ浽ߵλ𣿡
Щȡ
ڸߵλ淭ԽһЩϵĵ伮֪һЩ
ĽЩ⡣
Ȼű㿴˸ղǸµһ
ղţɲǼ䵽ͷ֮ϣ׼ɱ
ûǡʱ򡱣Ѿòˡ
۷λٶȣ̫ˡ
Щ£Ȼ֮ǰ۷λٶȴŷɹ
ԼУȴʶٶж¡
ȻղǸ۷λȴеظܵ۷λٶȵĿ¡
뵽һ⣺ˣղˣΪ۷λԼٶӦþͱҵġ컯̡죬Ϊλҵ컯̸Ȥ
֪
ĽҡҡͷΪղذɡ
ղأ
һ飬̲סһ̾
۷λ磬Ȼġ
ղȷʵΣգһ亹
ĽЦղţǳûмʱʱǸ۷λ񡰶סɣҲɣ˵ɱǸ۷λ񡭡
ɱһ۷λ񣬸оô
һڵһЦ
ĽٺһЦ㻹˵ͦˬġ
ѻ죬˵ʲôʲô顣
ҡҡͷЩΡ
Ҳû˵ô
Ľһ޹ǵõʱ˵ȴֹˡ
û˵˰ɣ
û
Ҳ㣿ﻹ롭
Ľﻰ䣬Զ֮УһӰٴγ֡
һһɫ۵ˣϵĳۣ·ȼŻ桭
Ŀ⣬ڳĽϡ
ˡ
ɫһ䣬оϵϢ֮ǰǸϵϢΪơ
Ҳ۷λ
Ҳ顯
ĽҲˣһЦ
ڵУûУ
Ľʡ
ˡ
ͷ
ǡû
Ľʡ
š
ͷһ̣ʹˣ
ಣ
ɲǼ䣬µ컯̣Ӷֱǳˡ
۵
Ǭ½ĳˣǱˣǡ޶ϡīոġ۷λ񡱡
޶̧֣ʱУһȼŻĹƾճ֡
ӭĳһ
һ֮⣬оַ֮
ַ֮Ի֮Ϊַ֮ͺǳڻ֮֮£ΪģХ
֮⣬޶ϳ֣µòԶһƬƬ顭
һ·˺أ
޶Ͽһ۷λҲӲӡ
ֱ꣬

ֻǣ
޶ϳһɲǣڵоͶˣʱ֮Х˲䣬޶Ѹޱȵһֱ֮ͣС
ˣҲԭء
䣡
Ľġ׶ٴκХ
Ҳûеӳ
һ׶һ׾پͽ޶ϵʳɷ顣
ݣ
ֻǣһ񽣣ȴǷ˳ȥݺݵԶٶ֮죬óĽﶼĪ
ת֮䣬Ǳʧǵǰ
ôҲһ
ĽЦ
ûд̴աͷӰˣǹȥҿ
ɫЩ԰ף̰񾧵
һζʱ֮ǿյġ
ڵУͺһ㣬ֻҪһ˿֮ڣͻһʱ䱻ɡ
ʮʱ䣬޷ʱ򡭡
Ц
ǰڰ˰ɣ
ĽһЩɵ˵
ֻٵȵȣϣʣʮգ΢ƽһЩɡ
Ц
ʱ䣬ת۾͹ȥˡ
ڳĽﶼΪһмȥʱ

һθǿһЦ
һӰ֮У̤ն
һ׵ĴͷͲ࣬˿һιҲ֪ʲô塣
ܵϵϢĽһۣܿԷеĿЦ
ӶԷϢǿԱϳ
⣬һ۷λ񡱣
۷λǱȿռ֮Ҫϡٵʮ죬ɾˡ
ɬǲǡ
ǵù
ĽҲЦʱָ֮Σ
ٻҪһʱ䣬ܶá
ЩΡ
ʲôˣ
˵Ŀ⣬ڳĽϣмʵĹ
ǡ
ĽЩˡ
ߣ
һߣµߣ˳ĽĶĤɫ䣬³һѪ

һɨˣƺ˲мһˣӸµĿ⣬ͺڿֻϡ
һȴҲ
ʱòˣҲֻ̡
ĽҲһ뷨ֳĬ
˵ɨ˳Ľһۣ뿪ˡ
䣡
һȭµպһ
ţͽǬ½
ô죿
ĽЦ
ô죿ֻϣûôҵɶǱߡ
Цڿ˵ǰܶʱûʲô
ߣҪһͺˣԶʱɱ
Ľ
ˣֻܵˡϣѿأҲ޷뿪ȥ׷ң׷ҲȻᱻ֡
һ̰񾧡
յġ
ֻڵУڲϵת
һȥڡԱˡ
ʱҲܻˣ԰׵ɫһָһЩ

ͻȻһȻóĽٴС
ڳĽǰ˲˿
ѣ
ǰ
Ľ﹧
˲Ǳˣʮ԰Ҫ¡
ѡ
￴˵ǿ˵¡
Ҷ֪ˡҺǼһｻˣƾУҲΣҲҺΡ㿪ңҲ׷ϡ
˵ΪΡ
ͬΪ۷λ˭Ҳκβ˶Է
ƾС
ڹ˶С
Ȼ
ͽˡžˡ
Ľ
ڣҲֻгʱ򣬿ɱǸ۷λ񡭡
š
ͷĽһ뿪
μǼһҿţ
Ľվڳ컯ϣһͳһ͸գǬ½ء


585 
Ǭ½󣬳ﲢûдӱ߿ʼȻ
һƬƽ
Ǿˡ
Ľｨ
д⡣
ͷȻǸ˵ĿǡռλҹҲȥѰ
Ҫģػɶɶ˳ɿռλ
һɶɹܳɾ͡ռ֮񡱣
ڣǽҪͷ
ȥһɶչصĵйûзκζߡ
˼£ûеǸˡ
ǼһҲ֪ʲôط
Ľͳٴξһüҡҡͷ

ﵭһЦ־ˡΪ۷λҲǬ½򡣡
Ľ˵ͷҲֻˡ
ʱｫ˶ټ
ȻǾһȺˣҡҵĵϵ
ϵĸ˾ˣµһ
Ǿ۵һʲôϢҪ𣿡
ʡ
ۿϥҲڽӴνǾ֮ҲΪ㣬˵ûж׷ˡ
ңΪҲ۾ӵ޾
ǰʲô˵ɡ
˾ͷ
Һͳҵĵϵ⣬˾һȺŮҲˡ
˾Ҳǿ֦ɢҶ
ôҪһλ¡ûԼͻƵ۾ҿֱӸλλֻҪԼܵõλȻֻͨλΪһ˵λΪλǽںϷ򡣡
ﻺ˵
ܿ죬һȺ۷׷ס
ȻҲвѡλ
УͰĴ󲮳ۡɡ
Ȼ˹ȥҲгİ츳ޣʾûв롣
һһҲֻгۺͳλ
һ˳Ķ⣬ѡλ
һҲǳ˳ӺŮѡλ
ΪһѪȽϺãÿ˵츳ߣպԼɾ۾񣬶⡣
ﻹͦ˵ġ
ϾЩѪĺˡ
ҽλȥ󣬳ȥһīʯ۹ȥڡ
һöλλʦѪ
ڳҲѡҪһöλλ
лˡ
Ц
ʲôֲǵһʶ
ҡͷһЦֿѪʦûµĻҾȻȥˡ
Ѫͷȥɡ
ʱţֹ¡
Ǹˣҹˡ
ಣ
׶ߵĿˣʹϿգһ˫ͭ˸ž⣬Žµʹҵˣռλҵˣ
䣬׼ӿն¡
ռλǲģɲ˵㡣
ʱһȴǳԦ컯̣Ľһն
˳ʹϿյʱǾֱӭ
õĳɹڳˣ
ǣ
ϳ˳ˣǳ´ҼǣǱɣ
˵꣬Ҳˣն¡

ֻϧȴÿȥ
ʲôЦռλǱ˴ϣǻˣ

˾ˣһ̧֣гһ׳ǹì
ˣ
ǹìһںһķǹϣԵɫߣǹìɶ
ಣ
Ŀһ㶣ǹìһųĽ
һǹ֮ƺܶһС
Χգ˲飡
Բһʱ֮䣬һƬյش

Ľأһͷһʱ֮˲ӳ

ۿһƿѰЦһ
ֻϧǹìײһʱȴǺֱоֹͺǱѨһ
䣡
Ľ׶ӳڿ˵ϡ
ֻǣ˵壬ƺΪͣȫһ䣬ȻֻС롭
ˣ
ҲˣкХնʮΡ˵꣬Ҳ
ڿɲǣʱ֮ʱҲˡ
ಣ
˵ǹìֱն£ʳ֮⣬һ׵ľ޿ӡ
Ľ޿֮ϣֻо
һǹǺǵϣ֪
ڽˡ
Ľ¶Цݡ
Ҳ˵ͷˣҲɱ
ҲԼùȻǬ½ˡռλ⡣
ʱš
һº󣬳һ
ߣǹȥ
кĽһĽ˺ѳգ֮Ŀռ䣬Ƭ֮󣬾͵
սһ
һ˫ֵܣһģһģ
˵ʵ۷λҲں˰ַ򡭡
ֻǣͨһʵȻ˿λ
ڸߵλҲ֮࣬Ϊ˫ɷκһˣʵֻһ㸮ǿǿһЩȻһ֣ɱ۷λ񡣡
Ľճ֣ʹǵĶС
ɱһ˼ɡ
ִ
ˣһ£һ£Ǹˡ
ߣ˰ô
Ц
͡
ʱɶʱ֮ӳϵЦ˲̣˶ԭء
ˣ
䣡
ʱкĽ׶Ҳˣֱӽ˺÷顣
ܣ
һɫ䣬ղŵһĻҲЩ
ĵܵܣȻǸ˶ԭء
ֶΣ
ʱȥ²ԼĵܵʲôֶΣַԼһͣͺܵʲôһ㡣
ܿ죬ϵĹ֣ٿ꣬ɫ䣬
һȣҲⱲһ仰
̧֮䣬Ĺȷɳ˲仯һֱӶ͸˵塣
ǿ
Ľһ
ͻȻĿ⣬˳ϣĵģ
﷢֣ɫЩȻ
һ۷λϰôˣ
ɻ
Цû´Ӧһռ֮Ƹӵġ
ͼΪϡ٣ڸߵλҲࡣ
ռ֮Ķӣ
ĽһۣܴӶԷпȻ
ϴθɵǸˣȻǿռ֮Ķӣ
˶ЩͷƤ顣
ˣǿռ֮Ҳ޷
˿ֵ
˵ͷĽ֮ĿռѰѰϴǸ۷λɳĹȴǷָҲ
Ҳ֪Ǽܵȥˡ
Ҳˡ
Ľ̾Ȼ
š
ҲͷϧˣǿһѺý
磬𣿡
ʱһͻأ


586 Ǽս
ͬʱСŮӰڳĽǰ
ֻСŮһǱȼŻĹ񽣡
СѾģ
ЩȣĽұ˶ûҵ
ڸڰ
СŮһ˵
ڣ
һ㶣ʲôڣ
Ŷˣһ͵ȷλ档
СŮֵ
һ͵ȷλ棿
סˣѵܴǰһ͵ȷλ棿
СѾȥòã
ʣҲ˺棬ЩҪ֪һλʲôġ
ĽҲȤ
ð
СŮ˵ͷǰ·ãһƬĿռ䡣
ݣ
СŮҪߵĹ񽣣£˲䣬ձ顣
֮ǳһƬ谵ա
ߣ
ĽСŮƬ谵ա
ɲǼ䣬ͷԼȻһ͵ȷλ棬ң͵ȷλ棬Ǭ½ȫͬ
ϡԿһſġ򡱣֮С
磬Ҿҵġ
СŮһ˵ţһߴųĽӶ䵽һ˵֮ϡ
ȼ˻档
Щ棬Ƿ
ƺСŮеĹĻ桭
ôǰôơȴ֪Ƿϵ
΢Щ
ȻѾ꣬뵽ǰĵЩ
Ȼǰĵϣúܲ⣬ǱϾļ硭
ңණûܹġ
լ
Щ롣
һУǬ½ûС
СѾĽ𣿡
￴СŮӶĽЩСŮһ£ֱӽµٵˡ
á
СŮؽ񽣽˳
͵ȷλƺЩⰡ
ĽشǰһС
Ľݣ֮ǰڵĵ͵ȷλʲôģ
ʡ
ͻȻðһͷÿһ͵ȷλ棬ܶǲ̫һġ
ڵǸ͵ȷλ棬ļͬС졭
Ľ˵
ͷתתǬ½ʱҲûʲô¡
Ǹá
ĽҲ¡
Щ϶ûˣΧңǷҵ˵򡣡
˵ͬʱ̧֣һλϯ֮УһǺš
ͨǬ½֮ռĵط
ҵǰߵλͨ򣬾Ļزȥˡ
򣿡
ĻĽɻС򡯣
һ飬Ľﲻǳĵ͵ȷλ棬Ӧǲá򡱵ĺ塭
˵ġ
˵
ҲС
Ľͷ
﻽컯ֱ̣һſ֮䴩
ڣʱ󣬳뾭˳ǧڿһӵ̵
һӴ
ԳƣҪü
ڳʱ֮ϣһɫĹˡ
ֲ֪塭ֲ֪塭
ʱһŹֵϵһϵһЩϣݶ
ķ֡
Ľ﷢˹ϵЩȡ
Ҳ֪Ƿ͡
Ľһ̧֣׶ֱ֣Ӻ¡
Ľݣ
򿪿ֹȴĽ׶ѾȻڣɫֺɷ顭
ĽĹֱɢȥ
ڵķ֣Ľ
Ľݣһ̫嶯ˡѵͲ¼ŭô
û
ĽﵭһЦˣǿҲǵ͵ȷλĴڡƾڸߵλУҲٮٮߡ
ȻĲˡ
ͻȻĿһоһɹ𶯣ı
Ľݣ㱨ˡ
￪ڵͬʱʶֶ£ܿЩ档
ͬʱĶҲڳǰ

ǰĶ̲סһֿڡ
ţʲô
ǰĶһЩƻƬϵǼս߰˳ơ
ЩĴڣ
ϵĿƼԶԶ˵
ʲô
Ľ￴ǰһѴ͡ӡĿɿڴ
ۣ磬Ǹʲô
ͻȻСŮ˳ָķȥһʱǴסˡ
һС͵ľսǷӶ
ڳ˾ȵͬʱڳǰļս֮УȴҲֿ˹
һսĻ
޴Ļƾճ֮С
һӦǾγɵľϡ
ڶӦǰϿƻƬеġӰ񡱣
ԣǺߡ
ҵ죬⡭࣬Ȼ̫棬Һƾ֮С⡭ֱ˼飡
𣿡
˵ֻ࣬ǣǴŵ·ôоôϣ
ǸСŮӦҲ࣬ȻƤ˵㡣
Ǻ˵㣬ֱǱȡھҪڡ

һȺշһεˣ۷׷ס
ЩУˣˣҲˡ
һ⣬˵ж𺳡
ǡǡġXKIO֡Ǳǻٵİѣ
һѧһˣ
ڣⲻܣǺǵġXKIO֡ǺǼ޷ݻ١ôݻ١
һԵˣҡҡͷԸһġ
һСսС
ǰһУֻоԼΡ
ࣿ
Ȼжʮķо飬ҲһϷԱڿԶӰȴҲĿɿڴ

ͻȻͷ߶
ˣǳĽСѾ
ˣѣʲôط
Сս֮ϣòţǰĽˡ
ʶ͸˽˵꣬ԣöԷѯʶԷ
ˣﾹûЩС
ڵϣһвƵࡣ
㡭ڸ˵
ܿ죬һУڷսı洫
һﻹ˵
Ľﱬ˾ֿڣһȡ
ӵؿĽһָָۣǰźĽˣ˵ղŵĶһĶ

Ľһ⡣
Ժ˵
Цôͣ
ѣûڸ˵ʣʲôط
￴ˣʵ
д͸ֱӴ͸˷ս͸֣˽˵ĶС
һ
˵ʲôˣ
Ȼܽǡǡõĸ֮ڡ
ѣǵڶ桮ϵʮǡǡ
ֵ


587 ʱٲͬ
ڶ桰ϵʮǡǡ
˵ĻĿһ
ʵ֪ϵ
￪ڵͬʱ΢Щ
ϵ͵ȷλ棬ҲζлصǸñġ򡱡
ϵ˵ѵǵǸϵ
һ㶣ʡ
ϵ
˫һЩ
ڶԷ˵ϵϵǲʲôϾļĿƼûñȡ
ֻûñȣֱĪ
Ҫβܵϵȥ
ʡ
ͼȴǲܴսķֽͼ㡣
һСҡһ£ʱһֱĶ
⡭ָ񣡡
ԱߵĽ̲סͺ
ǾͶлˡ
Խ˵
ڽ˺ȻĿУ̧˺գһֱֻ͸գս棬һѽġֱ˹
ֱϣʵôã
ܿ죬зӦĽˣһһｲ⡣
ϾԵˣȻĿƼܸһЩʶǶģܿѧͼˡ
лˡ
Խһͷ컯̣кĽСѾ˺գֱʧԶ
һĻ˿Ŀɿڴ
ǰ֮ƾʧġ
ֻˣͬʱһ³ѷ죬ȴɫ䡭
ڶȻ˺ôĺڶ
˺ȻæԦµսֱ뿪
ǼҴ͵Ǽս֮УһռӰǰ˶סˡ
⡭
˼飡
˺ռ䣬ôĺڶǵʲôˣ
̫ˣǵһˣҲûô̬ɣ

Ȼ֪µ컯˺յһĻѾϵһȺ˿̬
ȥ
Ľʵ
ȥ桮ϵ
Ц
ϵ
Ľסˡ
֪ܿˡ
ͨϴŵġͼ֪ܿ˵λá
Ԧ컯̣гһξֱ˺գպŰĿռ䡣
Ǳߣ
Ŀһٿ컯ֱ̣֮ߣ˺գһƬȫͬġǼʡ
ۿԿ貵һںĴڡ
ۺͼԼԼĹ۲죬ˡϵĴڡ
ˣ
￴ԶɫһƬǼʣ鼤
ڣĽﶼóЩԾˣֳǸʲôϵƺΪȡ
ڣϵ
ϵ󣬹ǧڸǡ
ڣҪϵУѰ̫ϵڡ
Һãͼ棬̫ϵļء
ȻѾͼСλ
̫ܵϵˡϵ̫ϵȷʵ͵ȷλ棡
һѹеļ
ڣ֪ľǵˡ
뿪Ѿ꣬ӦҲǴˣڿҲѾˡǼʱ
컯̵ٶȣϵУʱͽ̫ϵ
̫ϵŴǣҲڳǰ

ڳǰһεɫ򣬲֪ʱ۾ʪˡ
飬Ǽ
ӣ˵Ļڵɡ
磬ҸоѵϢˡ
ͻȻʱվڳߵСѾǰӶȥ
ѣ
һ㶡
Ȼ֪СѾеġѡ˭ɶѣСѾҲһ𺰡
ܿ죬СѾͽ䵽ĸ
䣡
СѾһ̧֣Сһ¡
ʱѣһ޴ѷ졭
ಣ
СѾֱӴ˽ȥ
ҲĽһԦ컯̸˽ȥ
ţǻˡһ࣬ȥˣ
һ࣬ˣЩȡ
⡭
סˡ
һգȻšһࣿ
Ҳ˵Ǭ½͵Ҳھӣ
Ȼλһ͵ȷλ档
ֻǵһϵϵǧں֮µһԱ
Ǹ͵ȷλ棬Ǭ½Ҫ࡭
𺳡
ǰղ˵ȥһꣿûŪɡ뿪ȥˡ
Ľ￴㶵
죿ܣȷʵһˡ
ҡҡͷ
һࣿ
ĽɵˣѵǸ͵ȷλʱ䣬ﲻͬ
ҲعĽĻʲôͬ

ĽｫղĻ˵һ顣
ͫһ
ҲУ
Ҫȥȷһ¡
һٴƬգֻǣ˺գȴԼ˵ڵǸ͵ȷλ桭
ô£
Щ¡
ññ
һԵСѾһЦһ֣ĳλã磬Ǹ͵ȷλ涼ط
ԣֺ̧ѡ
һΣȴȷˣ
ֿˡ򡱣
⡭
סˡ
ͻȻʶҪڵǸ͵ȷλ棬׼ĳһ㣬ĳһλá
ֻܴͨǰǸ͵ȷλͨ
Ǭ½͵򣬾Ȼôҵ꣬ѵҲ˱͹ģ
ɻ
;ͨһġ
һ㣬ǵһ
ӦǾͨЯҵ꣬˺գǬ½
ﰵԲ²⡣
У͵ȷλʱǲͬȥǱ߲죬ȴ˵ѾһࡣѵǸ͵ȷλʱ٣ϰٱһҵ뿪ǲŹꣿ
鼤ֱӽ˵ڵĵ͵ȷλ档
ĽСѾҲ˳
ǰεɫ򣬳һĽСѾ¡
ܿ죬ǰһƬεɫĴ󺣡
УϤĴ½顣
ƺҲ
ĽЩȡ
Ȼﱾһ򡣡
ﵭһЦ
ʲô˼ҷƺЩϤҺи顭ѵǰ
Ľʵ
ĽݣҸ˵ǰطˣȻˣȴĳֶǬ½𣿡
ʡ
Ľԣ˳һ󣬷ֳﲻڿЦɫҲ˵ģ
ﵭһЦûлشĽеġȥ
ʱٱҵھǵұͨǬ½Ҳ͹ꡭ2014꣬ڣӦ2020ҡ
һ飬¡
ĽСѾҲں档
ｵĵطλڻϱߣһ꺮ѩɽ
ȻЩɨڳϣȴ޷Ӱ쵽ֺ
ǡ
ĽشŽµƬأһɻͲ⡣


588 Ǯ

˫ۣЦ

Ľһ㶡
ˣȥҼ·
Ŀһʶɨܿ̽鵽˸һУ׼ȷ˵һС
ಣ
һ̣ʧԭأٴγʱѾʮ·
з
ʮ׳ӵģмͯװǳΪСѾ׼ġ
ۣ磬ҵ·𣿺Ư
СѾ˫۷Ź⣬·ֱȥ
һתۣڲġСѾͱһ۵СǴӡޡġ
СѾƤܱܲһ£
ʵ
԰
СѾ˵ͷܿ죬һתīƢͱúۡۡ
һſɰƯЦˣཱུģǿɰ
СѾԭôƯ
Ľ˫һЩȡ
Ľݣ·
̧֣һɫзĽ
Լһɫз˿Ϊ񡭡
·ƺͦÿġ
Ľ˫һʱôʵ·æҲ˸طϣͦġˣʲô
ܿ죬Ľһ鲼һ۾Ϳһڿ㡣
֮ǰ˳ǸװģĽһ
Ľݣڿ㶼
һ顣
ڿ㣿
Ľﲻ⡣
ˣ㲻ͲˣҲ
ɨĽһۣҡͷһЦ
ܿ죬ĽƺҲʶʲôɫ΢΢ȥȥ
һΣڻڿ㡣
ߣͨ˵
ĽʶɨҲڣڻ£Ѿ΢Щˡ
ܿ죬ѩɽһɽ·
ɽ·ΪʱԿһЩ
磬Щʲô
СѾʵ

͵
ಣ
ͻȻɽ£һСԼٶڳＸǰһ䲻Ȼ֮ˤ¡

һŮСڴ˳г˾
磬ǸΣա
СѾһ
СѾڵͬʱѾˣն£һ̧֣֮ӶǣС𣬻صɽ·ϡ
ǮΪԼҪˣǰҲֻϿˤµĲҾ磬û뵽һԼҲΪеһԱ
ԼҲͷɡ
ǣǮϼŶ³ǧ𣬹롰ɳˤ¶
Ȼʧأŵñ˫۵ͬʱͻȻָоƨϴһ󴥸У˫ۡ
ܿ죬ͷԼ»صɽ·ϡ
Ҳͣˡ
⡭
¶˼ݣѵղŵһΣ
ֻǣʲôʱ˯ȥģ
̫ɻ
ܴ˳糵𣿡
ͻȻǮһŷ֣Ӣӣվĳǰ桭
Ȼôÿ
ǮסˣģӢˣһÿˡ
ЩʲôģԶԶǰˡ
رǴɫзǸˣʲֻһۣĿЩ
ǮţöˣȻҲա
Ǯ˰֣ԼԴع
㡣
ʱǮֿһཱུĿɰСŮĳͷ
һ˫ˮĴ۾ҪĶڻˡ
찡ʲôӣ
ֻôŵĴ˧磬һСŮҲôÿֱеЩνޡҪɰʮǰٱ
á
üû㲻ŮǲǶ˻ˣǰȥ˻֣ʵ
㡭á
ʱǮҲӦ˹æ˵Ƕɡ
ʵǮҲûнĵˣֻǣ˧һСŮվһôҲˡ
ĽСѾֱ˺
СҲܿˡ
ͻȻǮһЦںĳĽλܴҿһ³𣿡
Ҳᡣ
ĽҡͷڣĶҲ΢һЩ˽⡣
ټϳﴫ̵ණ
ɡ
ҡҡͷˣŮǱղŵŵˡ
ǡһֱ֪ҵĳʲôʱͣʲôʱ˯ŵ𣿡
ǮŽʻø˳Լ˸ʻϣʵ
㣬û˯ղĳ˳ȥǸ㡣
СѾ죬˵
ͷСѾһۣȻ͡
ʲô㿴ҵĳ˳ȥ
ǮסˣѵղŵһвΣ
ֻǣķ£ͱˤ÷ˣô
ңӶһǶûС
Сã˵ңĸ磿
Ǯѹе󣬿СŮʵ
СѾһۣҲҶˣָָ
Ǯ׼ڵʱ򣬳Ѿţһ;ǵס
䣡
СɳٶȲ
ѵɽ·ϣһѹûС
ˬ
˫һǰȻѧ˿Լȴûг
ŵҲ֪Ʒƣֻǹ꣬ӦҲѾ
룬úˬǰĽȫΡ
㡭㡭㣡
Ǯɫˣ˫ȣˡ
æϵðȫŷ֣ںǸɫзˣзཱུСŮһ˷ܣ̽ͷȥ硭
ܲٿ㣿
Ľһ
Ǯԣɵˡ
⻹Ҫ죿
Ҫ쭵ˡ
٣٣
һ̣ǮžͿǰһʮȵߵˣƺûκŵһ˿
ٶȣټӿ죡
ӣӣ
Ǯɫˣŵñ˫ۡ
ͣ
С˦һƯβת
Ǯ˫ۣ˼ؿǰһĻֿʵְҵ𣿡
ְҵ֣
һ˿Ц⡣
ְҵ֣ƺҲ̶Ȱѣ
ڿʵʶѾѩɽΧɽ·һ˵һ״
٣Ҫת䣬һû˿
ǮŵɫȻЩ԰ףҲ֣˿ġ
ʱҲлȥʱˡ
Сã˵ңôҵİ
ǮſСѾ΢Цʵ
СѾ죬û˵Ȼ³
Сã߽㣬Ǻòã
ǮŴӿ㶵ȥһǣ˺һֽСѾǰ˻Ρ
㡣
СѾ˫һԶǲȤ
죬ֻҪ߽㣬Ǿ㡭
ǮŻû˵꣬ͷԼİƾʧˡ
СŮϣŰǣܵЦţóԣóԡ
⡭
ǮֻоͷƤ飬СŮѵᡰ
˲佫İǡ˲ơ


589 ׸ľ
˵׼ȥģ
ܿ콫ѳɽ֮ϣѾ·
Զ龰
ԶԶȥıߵ龰ͺһ֡

ǮŴ򿪳˳˿Χһա
Щģ
ʱҲ˳Ǯŵߣɻʵ
ôܡ
ǮҡͷԶɽġֻϧֻ֣ɽ֮Ż֣˵ֻԵˣܿɽҹûԵˡ
˵Ǯһ١
ɽ
üͷһɽƺЩӡ
ܿ죬ˡ
ǲһʥɽΪ
û뵽ѩ֮ϡ
ĿһĿɨ͸ܿͿɽһɽһȥͺһŮϡԿͷ­زΪ档
ҾӦԵˡ
Ц
ͱЦˡ
ǮſЦôҲԵˡ㿴Ƶ϶ɢȥ
ǮŸ˵һֿԶɽλá
ֻǣһۣȴסˡ
֣ǰͻȻѿһ⣬ӳϡ
ͬʱɽĿҲǰ
ϿͼƬһģһ
ֻǣҲ𺳣
ΪʵƬ
ܿ죬ʹлعɵģ
ǮſԿ϶ղѿоͺһֻδ˺һ㡣
ңôɺϡ
һѿ
˵ʲô
ҡҡͷ
㻹ƭ𣿡
Ǯźһû´ѣǸСŮӦЩƻƬӵ칦ܵ˰ɣ
ۿǮһסˡ
칦ܣ
ЩܸڵᲢ
ǿɲʲô졭
ﻹû˵ꡣ

ͻȻСŮĽóǮŲɿ˹ȥ
ǰһĻóһЦ
Ǯţȫˡ
ֻǸɫзˣֱӿɽˤ桭
һʱŵñ˫ۡ
ڣ˫ȴǵɵϴ
찡ʲô
ĳȻɽȴ֮
һУͺڿӰһ
ֻǣףⲻǵӰ
̲סԼ֮ǰɽµһĻʱΪΣСŮ˵Ļ³ߣȻ򣬺ණ
㡭ң
Ǯſһ
ЩΣڻôͣ
Ƴôģ
ʱǮŵ˹ڳǰĽʵ
ûɽҼҼУȥúѧѧ
ĽĿһѧ𣿡
ǣ
ֵ
ԱߵǮˣɫзˣƺУ֪ʲô
ѵǴɽ깳
磬桭
ʱСѾҲ̽ͷ˷ɳ˳˳ı˫ֱס˳Ĳӡ
СѾһϰߣ۰Ͱ͵ؿǮţ㣬𣿡
ǮŴľ
СŮɣ
ǵʲôˣ
ǿƻƬеЩ칦ߣƺҲɰɣ
㣬㣡
СѾ죬ֽе
УС
Ǯŵͷִӿ㶵ȡһöǵݸСѾ
СѾ˵˺װ㵸
ǡǵʲôˣ
Ǯźݺ˿ĭʡ
ﵭһЦԽΪˡӦпС˵ɣЩС˵ˡ
ˣ
ǮסˣԼһ˲ˣ
ֱسϣ￪ɽʱǮŻЩ¡
ĳҲǲߵģε𣿡
ʡ
㲻ôоʲô֪ң㻹Ὺôã
ǮŶųҪ￴͸һ㡣
Ϊ2014ʱ򣬳Ϊˣ뿪סˣ2020껹2021ꣿ
˵ʵ
2021ꡣ
Ǯ˵ͬʱҲЩȻ򣬡ô˵ǰҲڶеˣȻɽ磬͵ɻģ𣿡
һ顣
͵ɣ
Ҫ͵
Ҳûнͣɴͷˡ
ʲôˣ
Ľ洫ʵ
ͷȻ֪ˡʱ򣬸һЩС˵
˵
Ľ˵ͷ
ǶɣΪʲôֱӷɽأ
Ǯʣ˫۷ҲҪ䡰ɻƱ
Ů·ģȥǶû˼
ҡͷɣ
ڵط㲻컯̣һͷͿԵҪȥĿĵء
Ǯ
Ҳǣ˼ϰ˷ɣͬϰ˿
Ǵҷɽȥɺãɽһξܵ
ǮһڴۿﻹڳɣֵǴҷɣڷһҪһлȫˡ
üͷһƣģ
Ȼġ
ǮæͷǮܽ£Ƕ¡
ͷóԷӦһҲǰ˵ġ׸
ǵãǰеһ仰ӭȢ׸۷壬ٷܶʮꡭ
ҡͷһЦ
һУĿͺǰ
ֻǣڵԣЩ㲻ʲôˡ
ֻҪҪƾڵġ˵ûʲôǵòġ
ɣɣ
ǮŴߴٵ
ಣ
һͷֱӽͷתһͷ˳ȥ
ڳʻСɳȥͬʱ
һɽߡ
찡гˤˣ
һ꾪
ܿ죬⼸ҲĿɿڴ˾ֱɲ
ǿС£Ϊֱˤȥǡ
ǣǿʲô
ȻԻٶȣƮȥ
ûɣƮ
һŮ˲۾˼
Աߵ긾Ů˿ĭûƮˣѵֽĳ
Ҹղſڿ
緢ֵ꣬ܿ϶˵
˿̣ŽµСӿƮ¡
ۡ
һԵǮţͺһСŮϵ˷ܽš
úĽСѾһ
ô
䣡
ڣɽµĵ·ϣｫ
Һʱûйĳ򣬿϶Żˡ
ｫϵĵ򿪣ɳ۶ȥ
ܿ죬˺ǮһһǼƵꡭ
ԣ
ͻȻǮ뵽ʲôǡ֤𣿡
һۣô֤
û֤ܵǼǵİ
ǮſЦ
㲻˵㶼ܸ㶨ǾͿˡ
˵
һƵɡ
ǮЩΣֱȥ˷
˾ƵͲ֤ˣ
ɻ
ȥҼ￪ľƵ꣬˰ɣ
Ǯŵ˳һۡ
һǼƵڳǰסˣҿľƵꣿ


590 ɻʲô
ǰ
Ǯŵ˵ͷųֱ˽ȥ
ǼƵ꣬һ棬ǼƵߵ
ǮŴų˸սȥһŮд˽ȥ
̨ĹԱ𾴵ĿˣʲôҪ𣿡
ǮҲϻֱӵݳһˮ
Աˮɫڻ֤һ£ɫˣøӹС㣡
ˣǿһ׷
ǮŰ˰֣˵
ǡ
ԱæͷͬʱݸǮһŷ
߰ɣ
Ǯǰ·һ˵ǰ
磬ס𣿡
СѾǰĵţʵ
ǣǵݡ
ҡҡͷ
ʲô
ĽڸСѾûʲô
ǿԴȥġܡ
ҲЩ֪ôˣĽСѾ˵һУôİ
꣡
Ǯ̲סЦ
ܿ죬Ｘ˾ƵĶ¥
Ư
Ǯˢ˷һ׷СѾ̲ס
һͳ׷һ촰ߣ䡣
СѾ˯òã
ǮߵСѾǰ΢Цʡ
ҪҪ͸˯
СѾҡҡͷ§ס˳Ĳӡ
ǮŶʱˣŮ˽һЩйǡɽ硱ء
Ľɳϣܿʹ˵ӡ
ϡ
ĽͺĻһȺˣЩʲôˣ
һۣеӣϷ
һͣĽ˽˵ʲôܿ˽ȥһƻƬʲôսϴǿϼĲ࡭
Ľһ߿ţһ˵
ʲô
ǮĽĻĿһЩǼս
ɡ
ʼ磬Ľһۣ˵
ţѡһ˽ȥ
СѾԣȥĽݸ翴ӣҪϴˡ
СѾȥ󣬳߽ԡңܵϴ衣
ˡ
ĿЩƮ죬һλصһֻĸо
һУôʵ
Ȱɶ˳𣬾ͺɶһˡǬ½ҲˣǵˣȥЩ򡣡
ʼδļƻ
ǰڵʱҾ;롭̫ϵŴǣһϵǧ̫ϵĺǣ϶Ҳʺֻǣʱһжֻǲ²⣬Ҹ޴֪ЩĴڡ
ڣȴȫͬˣ
˼֮䣬ܿҲϴ衣
Ĵϣ˯˹ȥ
һ˯ڶϡ
緹ˣ
Ǯŵ洫Ҳ˹
һſԼߵСŮҡҡͷһѰСѾԷˣ
ˣҪȥˡǸһȥΣ
Ǯſʡ
ҲˣǰˣԳΪ׵ġ
죿㿪ȥ𣿡
ʡ
ȻǣʱΪſˡȥҲÿ˰Ұѳ˻ȥУɻȥҪһȥĻһƱǮʡˡ
Ǯ˵һڴ˫۷Ź⡣
治֪ô˵㡭
Цҡͷɻ϶ܣ߿շҲӾ𺳴һЩȻȥȻҲһȥඩŻƱɡСѾĿԶͯƱ
ûжͯƱˡ
ǮŰ˳һۣ㻹ϹŶǰ񺽾־͹涨ˣ˶ȫƱֲҪλӤ
Ȼ򣬡Ǿͽˡ˵Ҳûɻˡ
ɻ
ĽСѾһһ棬ɻʲô
Ǿ֪ˡ
汦ҲЩΡ
ȵǮżǱסԺҪ˶ѧһЩʶˡ
һ죬˱ǮŴȥ
ÿһƵ꣬Ǯˢʱ򣬳ﶼԸоһĿ⡣
ףĽﱻ˵Сˡ
ҲΪ⡣
ԣЩĿѾ㲻ʲô
ˣС椣㿴ôҪҲǰɣ⣬һߵСʮ⡣
Ｘ˸մһҷװ߳Ľﶼһµ˶ʱһ˳Ｘ˵ǰǮţ˵
㡭ΪҰС
ǮſżУסˡ
ߣҹ۲һ·ˡôңԱСһˬ
˵һа֮ɫ
Ǯɫ
ţҪ𣿡
һԵĽǮţʵ
Ϊ֮ǰ˵ˣ֣Ǯ˵֣ƽʱ׼
Ҫ
ǮæͷϸһĨС
·Ѿ˼бĽһȭ䵹ĵһĻ
Сӣ㣬ң
пĽһۣ´һһм˵㣬Сһʮûκ⡣
ˣ
Ľɫһһ̧֣һƾͺ˼еİϡ
ɲǼ䣬˻һߣˤ·ݺײڶһʱװ棬һء
Ǯɵˡ
⡭
㡭
ǮſĽһЦô֡һƣƻˡ
˰ղ֮һ
ĽһЩ޹
⻹֮һ
Ǯɵˣ˿ΧϽߣûмء

ǮŻ˲䣬һֱ֣Яżʧԭأٴγ֣ѾصǼƵĴſڡ
ô죿
ǮſǰľƵ꣬ɵˡ
һ˲䣬ͿԽʮ
ˣ
Ǯﰵ
ĳô죿
ʣǮŵĳͣǱ̳ĳ
û£ͷȥȡˡ
Ǯν˵ûҲûʲôӻ
һ
뵱ھΪ˷ƴƴɼȥ𾩳ǵһ˵һ
Ǯţﲻ̾ȻȻͬ˲ͬ
ڶһ磬˾Ƶĺ񳵣ǰ
ޱȣǼ࣬ĽСѾǿۡ
ۣ磬öˣ
СѾ
ˣСѾ͵㡣
һΧĿɨ˹
õǻƺ󣬳Ｘ˾ںϢ
ǮŸĶͷȲջƱϢĵطҲΪȵȫ
ۣ
Ľһڿȣֱ˳ʲôˮôѺȡ
ĽţĵﳹˣĽݣǸˮǿȡ
ǮЦ˶ӡ
ͻȻãûʲôѵͻȻ֮䣬ѣҲ˲١
ҲֻǣŲΪҼǮŽӽҰɡ
Ǯﰵͬʱ̾˿
Ϊʲôڲųأ


591 к
Ǯŵ˼Ȼ֪
֪ҲֻһЦ
ке373κ༴ɣ뱾κĳ˿͵3ŵǻڼƱǻке373κ༴ɣ뱾κĳ˿͵3ŵǻڼƱǻ
ܿ죬㲥
ֵˡ
Ǯվ
˽
ܿ죬˾˵ǻǰͨͷȲյרͨ
磬ô٣Ϊʲôȥأ
СѾһŵĳĶ飬ʵ
һͷۣͨòͨͷȲͨ
ģθǮŷɹȥһҪСѾȥѧĳʶ
ܿ죬˵˵ȼͷȲյλϡ
ͷȲһ˸λ˾ռһߵĸ
СѾͬһţĽǺǮͬһš
ʲôģʹңǴС֡
ﴫĽСѾ˵
֪ˡ
ĽӦһ
ѽ֪ˡ
СѾҲæ˵
ʲôɻô
Ľʡ
͸㿴һȼͶ
˵
ĽȻȴҲǺشܡ
ĺơ
ܿ죬һĿս˳ߣһƵ˹
лл
ͷһЦ
ÿ
Ŀսظ˳һ˵΢Ц
磬ҲҪȡ
СѾĿ⣬ڳеĺϡ
СãСӲܺȾŶ㵹һϺòã
ս㿴СѾ΢Ц˵
һ顣
ѾͷСӣ
ͣСѾǸս㵱̶´࡭
Ҳ棬ôȥСѾȻһ㶼󡢳ߡ
ðлл㡣
СѾգգ۾΢Ц
ԡ
սҲЦϸֳһ˿ºͣת׼ȥˡ
кУסҼأ׼ӣ
Ǯʵ
׼ӰɣסҲ̫㡣
˵
á
ǮӦһΪ׼ֻһֵһС¡
Ҫ֪кΪʡʡеķӣǴġ
Ҳ֡
ûмǴĻǮϼţڵǾһСʱ򣬾Ѿǿˡ
ȥ϶չǿĵز
ܿ죬òյĳ˿Ҳ½½ˡ
ţ
ͻȻüͷһĸͷȲյˣˣǹͷ󺺣¶ĸ첲
Ů绰Σ
һͷ󺺣ǮţЦʵ
Ǯüŭ˶ԷһۣĽ˵Ľݣǻλá
Ľ˵ͷ˳
ˣСӣҲλá
ǸͷۿĽ˳ʱüв
Ľɨ˹ͷһۣʵ£
䣡
ʱɻѾ졣
ͷɫһһ֣׳ĸ첲Ľ˦˹
ž
Ľ׾ץס˶Է֣͵
£
ɲǼ䣬ͷ󺺵ֶĽϡ

ͷ󺺲ҽгͬҲɫ䣬ˣȻȿµĪ
ٽУҽһֻҲϵ
ĽĿ䣬ȵ
ʱͷ󺺱졣
ˣʲôˣ
ʱƯս㣬߽ͷȲգʡ
û¡
Ľ˰֣΢΢һЦ
Ǹͷһۡ
Ǹͷ亹ֱȴҶһǿʹ֪ԼֻǷϵˡ
ͬ飬ŭĽȴҲ
չֳֶΣԲܿġ
Сʱȥ
ɻ𽥽䡣
ΪͷȲյĳ˿ͣ뿪
ĸͷ󺺣˫˸Ľ
ҲˣֻҡͷһЦҲġ
ϣûʲôвĽݡ
ǺҲһ
֮Ľݳֻ֣Ҫһ򶼻ữΪҽ
˸Ǯŵ߳˻ܿ죬һͣ˼˵ǰ
С㡣
˾³򿪳ţϹϾǮźͳＸӭȥ
ＸϳҲˣֱǰк
ĸͷ󺺣ҲһסĳƺšһҪҵǸСӣ屨𣡡
һҪɱ
һֱֻεĹͷ󺺣ɫѿ˫Ŀ죬·ҪĽʬΡ
ǼһƺҪԸҡҪҪȥǣ
ĽĿ΢һЦ
ϲôô¡
ﵭһЦΪ⣬ûнǼ˵ϡ
ˣǷᣬôвУ
ǮĽĶԻɿЦ
ڶЩڣǲǲý⼸һˣתһ룬ǿԼΨһѣȻˡ
УڻҪǮС㣬ĽݣȻǮС㲻ϲɱɱ͸ĸġ
Ц
ʱһΣײһߵĳ
ҺüʱӦ
ôģ
Ǯüͷһ壬˾ȵ
˾ֻоͷƤ飬ЦС㣬Բ𡣡
ղС˵Ļͱŵˣ˵ʲôˣƺûнɷϡ
ܿ죬˾Ｘ͵һƬȺ
һı֮⡣
ҵļˡҲҼңԺǾסɣô
Ǯʡ
û⡣
ͷĽСѾֱǰı
ˣһûؼԿ׸ء
Ǯſų˾ôˣæе
ֻǣһסˡ
ΪˣѾǸ֮С
ʲôģһͷʹˡ
ҲˣǾһȺ
ǮſЦҡͷתԼı˶Կףȥҳˡ
ʱѾڱɳϡ
СѾңŶƬ
ĽһŲ衣
棬ʲôУҲ㡣
ǮŹʱ򣬷ֳѾﵱԼļҡͷһЦԿ׶´λǿŽɣҪǱ˿ˣ϶ɺ䶯ġСıץ󡣡
ﵭһЦǻҪܲץסǡ
ǮŸ˳һۣ͵Ǳ鷳𣿡
УǮС˵ʲôʲôˣǮС㣬һЩͯҪǽġ
￴Ǯţ˵
ǴĽݺСѾ𣿡
Ǯʡ

ͷ
ĽҲˣСѾҪȻҸһѧУ
Ǯʡ
Ҳԡ
ĿһڷСѾѲǮôһ˵СѾͽѧУ棬Ҳ԰ˡ
ھȥš
Ǯ˵ҲǷ
վߵһ࣬һ̨ԡ
ڵĵԣǰҪֻ࣬Ҫʮʱ䡣
һϤǣһĨЦݡ
ܿ죬ʹ
ˡ


592 Ƶ
ǳǰΨһˡ
Ĵ̡
ҲļһСɲ
СĸͲˣǴһֽ
һ⣬ֻĸĸǴ̵ɷͺӣҲ⡣
ž
ָڰȥ
ΪĸɲĴҲϡ
ܿ죬ɫͱˡ
2019725ȥ
һû뵽ԼڵΨһˣȻǰȥˡ
룬λһҪúТ˳̡
ҡҡͷﻺ
Ǭ½ȻЩѹͻָˡ
˼罻
ȴ֣罻˺룬ȫעˡ
Ҳǣⶼȥˡ
̾Ȼ
꣬ҲζǬ½͸ߵλǧ֮á
ڸʲô
Ľ˹

˵
С
Ľɻʡ
ǻ
ЦҲǮŽЩʶ鼮͹ֱһЩйسʶ֣ĽԼȥ
Ľ￴һ죬󲿷ֳʶˡ
̫ˡ
ĽЩȡ
ôǲȤһʱ䣿
Цʡ
Ȼ
ĽͷԭﻹôĶʲôɡԭνķᡣ
ĽݣǼˣءȥ棿
￴ĽЦ
ʶɨһʱ̽鵽Ǽͷʲô
Ƿᣡ
Ľһ
ã
һֱ̧֣ǣĽһ뿪˱
ڣСѾɳϿſͨƬʱʱЦ֪ĽѾʱ뿪
кнһƫƧĹ档
ͳһɻĸͷ󺺣һһŭŶȵĵ˵ϴС̫һҪΪͷ
ǰϴһҪɵǸСӣ
ǸС̫аˣϴҪҪһЩһȥɵ

ĸͷ󺺣˵
ͻȻվ˫һ˵ֻһͽָˣ
Ǹ۵Ĺͷǰ۵֣ɫ΢úݵˡǸˣһˡ
ϴҲ֪һˣǲҪһ
һͷ˵
ˣȥ°ûķϣҸȥһˡ֪𣿡
˵ʵ
֪
һͷ˵
СеǮ
˫һ¶̰Ĺ
ĽݣҪǮ
ʱպĽһ˵ĻЦˡ
ûǮ
ĽüڣҲ˽߰˰ˣȻ֪еǮʲô
ǿɲô롣
ﵭһЦ
˽ڷ湤֮⣬˽ȥ
ʲôˣ
ʱ˷˳ˡ
Ǹ˺ĸͷ󺺣Ҳ˳ĸͷ󺺿һ㶣ͷӦ˹ϴ󣬾Ǹ·ļһ
˵Ŀ⣬ĽϣСӣ˵
Ľ˫һ˵ԡ
ߣ
ɫһ־ʹ·ͳһǹ׼ĽЦСӣҵΣܵӵ𣿡
ĽѾǸյͷˣȻ֪ǹʲôڣԡ

ɫһ۶˰
飡
˲䣬һӵֱĽ
ֻǣӵĹ켣ڳĽȴޱȡ

Ľһ̧֣öӵ
ô
ĽӵԶĵһۡ
ɵˣĸͷҲɵˣΧһȺСҲɵˡ
ͽץӵ
ĵӰ𣿡
ҲΰɣҡۣΣ

һȺ˶ˡ
飡飡飡飡

ʱƺаֶĽ￪˼ǹһⶼĽ

Ľһ֣һӵ˵ϡ
һʱ䣬˵ɫȫˡ
󡭡硭
˿ĽĮĿ⣬嶼ʼ
ĸͷ󺺣ŵýŶվȣֱӵء
Ľݣú棬ȥЩ¡
üͷһ壬ƺʲô
á
ĽͷĿǰһȺϡ
񣬳һͳһ·Ͽա
Ľ£һӶ
ʶɨ׾Ϳڵ
Ǯž档
ǮűסҲ˲š
ιǮŮҵ׼ʮڡҪŮ𣿺ãҾ͡
һİӣֻ
ֻǣû˵꣬סˡ
Ϊ֣һƾճǰ
һߴˣ󣬶Էγġ
Сӣҡ
̧֣ذ׶ųӳ
䣡
һֱ߳ڰӵϣ߷˳ȥ
񿪵ü죬Ǹ˦ȥһ
ʱļҲ˳
ֻǣڳǰȴǲһתۼͶ˳ȥ
û°ɣ
ｫǮŽ⿪ʵ
û¡
Ǯҡͷȴû˿¡
ôһ㶼ģ
һ㶡
Ǽ֪ǿ϶ҵġ
Ǯһ
Ц
Сģ
ͻȻǮɫһ䣬ǰ
˼ʻײ˴·һߵΧǽ
䣡
ײȥֱըѡ
˲˵ע
찡ʲô
ʲô

һʱ䣬ܶ೵ڸɲס˳ؿµصϿգһһŮӰһ
ʱóֻ׼һĻ
ȻٴοǱʱһһŮӰ١
ѵۻˣ
ܰղڡ

һȺЩӦ
ʱѾЯǮŻص˱
УСѾڿӣĽﻹûл￴Ǯţɻôϰˣ
ǮſЦǹƶҺܾˣҸճţͱǰˡ
绰ְɣҿš
˵
Ҳˡ
ǮŻعæҵ˱еĵ绰˹ȥ
֣ңû¡
ұѾˣţ㲻üŻ
ã֪ˡ
ܿ죬Ǯžͨ˵绰ЦҰһԷ
ЦͲ˰ɣ
ôӣ
Ǯŵ۵
Ǿɡ
ʼ磬ν
ǮϼŵƶˣҲȤһ
湤
Ľһ̫ʦϣţĽűߣĵذŽţϴɣ

Ľҧһһͷ󺺵ݹƻ˳һ𣡡


593 Ǯٵ
ϣǮŵĸס
ȥϼķҲѾ࣬ɣѡ
֣ҵѡ
ǮŶǮ˵
Ǯų̳˰뱲ӣ˵ı»еģһ۾ͿȲ
ֻǣЩ֣ˣڼ뺷İϾŮģ
Ӿֵ֪ϢǼ˼ֱӱ·ȥġ
ˣôǿ
ллҵŮ
Ǯٿ΢΢һЦ
ΣԷԼŮǲȱġ
ÿҲҵѡ
ҡͷһЦ̳뢣ƺҲûеôദ
ҲֻӦǮŵ룬ǮദҲ׼ֻԶѵ;ˡ
֧Ʊš
ͻȻǮó֧Ʊдһ֧Ʊ˳ǰ
üһ
￴֧Ʊϵ֣ɱһ
һǧ
Ǿллˡ
һЦ֧ƱŵǮҪײҪ
ңڻصҲȷʵûǮ
ܿ죬Ҳע⵽ǮĿı仯Ʊ֮䵭ࡣ
ôѪɣ
һѵǮٸղ֧Ʊ̽
Ǯûʲôף˵ָһڣҲ˵ʲô
Ϊ֪ڳǮ㲻ʲô
ֻҪҪҪپܵõ١
ܿ죬һٷԷ뿪ˡ
ţԺСԶ㡭
ǮٿǮţüһٿ˵ƱĳȻûκκøС
֣˵ʲôأҵľˡ
ǮŲˡ
ߣҿһ̸Ǯ
Ǯһм
Ǯסˣ֣˵ʲô˵̰Ǯ
ѵǣ
Ǯüˣ϶ҲΪݣź㽻ѵġѣҪҲգ

ǮȴͻȻЦˣûЦˡ
Цʲôְ˵Ĳ𣿡
ǮüŮǰײ
֣Ц㣬̫СˡҸ˵ʮڸҲֵ
ǮҡͷһЦ

Ǯü֪ԼŮȻƽʱЩ̰棬ɹؼʱ̣ȴǲῪЦġ
ô£˵˵
Ǯʵ
֣Ҹ˵ˣɱ𵽴Ҵҿɲʧȥѡ
Ǯüü˵
һ
ǮסˣŮʲôʱͻȻˣô֪
֣˵ɡҲȥ˲죬ҿȥ
ܿ죬ǮŻɫԼڲľԼйس˵¼
ţûհɣ
Ǯһһ㶵ģ־ҪȥŮĶͷ
£
Ϣ䣬˺
Ԧ£ˣ
һ֮䣬ʮصƵꣿ

ЩŮеġˡǮȴ˿š
ž
ǮŽǮٵִ򿪣һ֣㲻ǲ˵Ļɣ˵Ŀġ
ţȷ㲻ǱǴˣ
Ǯһ˵ںܶߵƭġ
֣˵ʲôأѵúܣ
Ǯ죬˵
ѵúܡ
ʱһǮɫ䡣
ظоԲ
Щ·˷
ңǳ
ԲҰֲǹġ
ǮЩ˵
ţ˵ʲôءģԶ˵ѡ
ڶԼķմ
ղųԷʱҷԴһû´Ӧɣҿɢ̶ȣҲǵˡ԰ڡ꣬𣿡
ʱٴδ
һΣǮɫˣô֪
ޱȿ϶ܣֻԼ˾˽ҽ֪
˲֪
ŮҲ֪
֣
ǮĻ󣬾ͿǮ٣񿴵ǮٵķӦʱɫ֣ʲôʱ£Ϊʲôң
ǮٿЦţǴһġⲡû취κˡ֪֪£϶ģԡ
֣
Ǯ˽ǮٵĻ£ҲҪߣҪ
ɵӡ
Ǯ̾˿

ͻȻǮʲôͺץסһݣа취ģˣ϶а취ģ𣿡
š
ЩΣܱܲôһû˵ءڲ֧ƱʱѾˣҽеİϸɱˡ
İɣܺãٻʮ꣬ӣҿĺٸӣû⡣
Ц
ȡЦҡ
Ǯ˵ûˣʱ˿
ˣǸŮˡһǧ͵ҰﲮβǮɡû뵽ȥˣЩ֢⡣ǲţȥҽԺ顣
˵̾˿
ܿ죬ʧˡ
֣ûˣûˣ
Ǯһ˷ܡ
ǮЩɣǸ㶨ˣ
һоûС
ţȥҽԺ
ǮٿǮţ˵
Ǯŵ˵ͷ֪״˿̵顣
кõҽԺ
漣漣
һǵҽǮٵĲֿ˿һȻǮܣֱͲһˡҽѧһ漣Ǯܣܸôκ𣿡
Ǹ޿ɷ棡
ǮٵɫҲ״ˣĪ
ҽĻȴҡҡͷ
Ǿ̫ϧˡ
ҽ̾˿ռȻռ²
Ǯһ飬֮ǰԼŮĻ
ڿԼϺͿˡ
ȥ·ϡ
֣Ҿ˵ɣ϶ƭҵġ
Ǯһ
ǮٿЦôõ㾹ȻʶĸˡһȥԼԸһҪúõǸ
֣첻һ𣿡
Ǯʡ
Ǿ˰ֵǸӣ㲻Ҫʲô
ǮҡҡͷЦ
˾һȻ
֪ԼܵĲġ
ܵİ֢ȻȬˣֱ̫ˣ
ıСŮɳϣͨƬذ
СѾⶼһˣҪѺ«ֵˡ
ҡҡͷСѾϲԼͯʱľ俨ͨƬҲȡ
磬硭
ͻȻСѾ
ôˣ
ʡ
Ľݸأ
СѾʣһûˡ
ԣһ飬ǼһءúÿĿͨƬ
ʱĵ绰ˡ
Ͳ绰Ǳߵлл㡭Ұ˵Է˳Ǹ
ţ˵ˣҵѡķˣΪҴʱ뿪һ󡣡
˵
Ҫȥģ
ǮŵЩ١


594 ɱռ֮
㡭Ҫȥˣ
Ǯʵг˲ᡣ
ǣҡˣʱ䣬úðչСѾѧУ£Ҳ鷳ˡ
˵
㡭û
Ǯʡ
ɡ
˵Ӧò˶á
ܿ죬͹˵绰ǮŵУһ˿㺣ʶǮŹǶˡ
ɶ˻
ҡͷһЦ
磬Ҫһߡ
СѾ˳ղŶǮ˵ĻϣסòԸֿ
СѾѧУܺġкܶСѡ
˰죬ŽСѾá
Ȼָھư˵ġĽк
ҪҪһȥæ
Ľʡ
İɣɶɾͿռ֣֮ɱǸ㡯
˵ͺúɡУŵСѾѾͷ¡
ġ
ĽӦһ˵ҲͦģҶˡ
ٺ棬һ졭
Ц
ˣٻһ򡭡ǸǣƺͲ
Ľ˵
ҲǡԶǬ½Ҫʵöࡣ
һ㣬ﵹǼΪͬ
Ǭ½Զ͵ȷλҲԶûﾫʡ
ˣɶǳΪ˿ռ֮ǲ
ͻȻĽʲôʡ
סˡ
ռ֮ǻᱻ͵ȷλųģǸ͵ȷλ档
ЩԺ˵ɡ۳һԿռ֮Ҳ¡
ָĽһкֱ뿪˵
ಣ
ܿ͵˵ı棬׼յһ㣬һָ
ѣԽ룬ֱӻصǬ½֮Ŀռ䡣
Ҳڳǰ
ѡ
һ
˵ͷֵɶӦÿҪˡ
ѡ
üͷһ壬˵ɶ꣬᲻ᱻǬ½Ĺų⣿
ᡣ
ҡͷɶĸĸǬ½ˡɶʱҲǬ½ɶԺǲŴɶȥ˸ߵλ档
ȻҾͷˡ
ţصҡ
ĵɶɹǿռλ
ڣʮԺһµϢݶڵй
ɶɹˣ
ڡ
³Ӧøˡ

ʹ֮Уһϲ֮
Щڳͬһ֮˺һ֮˵ĿС

շӦ׼ȥйɶ

һİɫӰ֮С
磡
Ůӻ̤ն·Ůǣľ֮ˡ
ɶ
ｫɶ§ڻ̰ɶķ㣬ǿռλˡ
ɶͷ
Ѿӵ˿ռ֮ǰ˻һС
ΪˣԷһУ
ѣ
ɶһ𣬿Խգ֮Ŀռ䡣
Щ£Ҳýˡ
˵ͷͳɶһ̤뿪Ǭ½
˳ϣʱΧ˵ע⡣
ΧȻ࣬ȴҲʮˡ
䣡
ͻȻʱһɿµϢǵϯ䣬˵ϡ
ռ֮񣡡
ʱɫ䡣
ռ֮񣬶Ƕԣ߸ϣ¡
ȴһռ֮١
ǴǸ͵ȷλ֮ˣ
ռ֮һ֣Ϳ˳ˣܿ죬üͷ𣬿һµɶ㡭Ǵ߳ġռ֮񡯣ô˵Ǹ͵ȷλĿռλǱˣҶ۷λɱˣӦþˡ
ռ֮һ֣ʹסɶһٲ²⡣
ɶԣһɻ
ʱɱ˵Ķˣ
ѣѵǡ
￴üͷһĿԼ˵һöָ֮ϡ
öָ
ǵһ۷λӶһ㣬ǵ
ֹˣǵã˵ӵ߹֮ˣǸߵλĿռ֮
ѵˣ
Ӧǡ
˴ص
ţ
ʱǸռ֮ɫ΢Ŀ⣬·ܶһУڳеö֮ϣҶĹҵĲ²ûҶǰɱ
ɶ׼֡
ʱ򣬳Ҳûīֱкɶһ
ɶͷռ۳һ
ڿռ֮˵ռεĹʤ
ռ֮ѾҲûʲôá
Ϊǿռ֮Թ֮ɣδؾһʤ
һռ֮񣡡
ΧһȺˣ׷ױãɫһ䡣
ռ֮ԣһ
ôһ½ġռ֮񡯣ҲҪҶԿ
Ǹռ֮˫һɶϹ˲м
ɶ
ʱۿǿռ֮ƺʼƣɫһ䣬˷Ӷͬʱһ
ɶˣӰθϡ
һӳ𵴣֧顭
ǸߵΪ棬֮ǿͣԶʤڵ͵ȷλ档
۷λҲ˺Ѹߵλա
ȻһУԿռ֮ԣȴټ򵥲
۵
ǿռ֮ۿɶϵĲмŨһ̧֣ռĻۡ
񿿽ĳȴûеһ¡
һλôκε

ˣûҲûԼķ֮ת֮ڵУʱ֮ӳֱӺ˱Ŀռ֮
ʲô
ռ֮ͫһһ
ʱ֮֮ǰԴĿ־壬꼸
ʱ򴥼ʱֻһͷ
ʱ
ݣ
˶ӯƮ죬һӣпռ֮֮ǱﶨסĿռ֮ϣռֱ֮նɱ
һ˲նɱռ֮
ΧΧ۵һȺˣˡ
ռ֮񣬾ôˣ
찡Ǹռ֮˵ռ֮ǸսĿռ֮һ򣬾ͱɱˣ
ռ̫֮ˣ

Χ۵Ⱥһ
УԴĵľͼɵ
ǿռλ
ռ֮һռλҲ֮䡭

һȵĿ⣬˱ɶնɱĿռ֮֮أһöɫӣš
ռλ
˫һռλ
ʱһĿڳϣ·޲óȥɵȻȡռλ
ѣ
һĿռλݸ
Լɡ
΢΢ҡͷûнӡ
ѣػɶô꣬⣬̩ɽռλ͵ҺɶһϢɡңͲõˣһ㻹ûռλ𣿡
һġ


595 
ǰѣ°ɡ۷λռλֻҪգ۹򡭡ʱռ֮ټʱҪԸ򵥶ˡ
ɶҲ˵
ôͽԼѡ
ãȻǵ⣬Ҿ¡
˵ͷӹݹĿռλ
ɲǼ䣬λʧϡ
ͬʱһɿµϢ˲ڳˣ׷ɫ䡣
찡ֱӳΪռ֮ˣ
Ҳں˰طϵĴڣ򲻿˲Ϣռλ
ռ֮񡭡

ΧˣԶԶһ󣬾ͻæˡ
λռ֮һ鲻ãìͷ׼ǣǾ޶ûطȥ
ѣӦȥ㣿
￴ʡ
ģռ֮ʶ׾ٲ׽λã
˫һʶϯ
Ƭ֮˫һҵˣ
ܿ죬ɶЯųԽյ谭ǰ֮ȥˡ
ͬһʱ䡣
λڡδ빬ռڵġ㡱ɫ䡣
ǸϼһԼ˿ռλߣ껹˵ҺݣԼǸݣ
һϼһ۷λ˿ռλʵҲҪһЩˡ
ɲǼ䣬һ֣ѣ֮ͨĿռ䣬ݵ˸ߵλһƫƧ֮ء
۾һƬߡ
ԶԶȥԿɳڿ֮ļ¡
ɳ
֮Уǰɳˮ
㻰˲䡣
ǧɳϯ۳һˣ˳ͨͺǶȺҲҲֻ֣ǣɢϢȴľ
㣿Ҹʲô
ɳԣüͷһƣռ֮ǰȴҲΪ⡣
ɳæɱһϼһ
˫һֱ˵⡣
ȻæɳҲһλռ֮
ôκβ˵ˣ
ɳ̲סЦˡ
ߣҲʶǵǸϼһ
һ˵

ɳԣʱĬһ󣬡㲻˵öռλ𣿡
Ҳ֪Ѿˣڳ
ҡҡͷ˵
ɡǱ㽫ɱĿռλҪˡ
ɳ㣬˵
㻹ǳû١ˣöռλҪҲûʲôãҪ͸㡣
һνֻһҲԳװˡ
ߣ㻹ܰģҪ㽫ǡ
ɳƺ˵ʲôɿ˫һҲ졣
ಣಣ
𵴣ܿ죬ѸޱȵӰҲƬɳ֮ϡ
֮ˣǳɶ
ʱ˿̣Զ㣬˫һ
ɶĳ𣬽ܱˣ
ɶҲЩ
㣬㲻˵ֻһռ֮ôȥ˸֡
ɳĿ⣬ԶһʤѩŮϡ
ôܡ
Ҳסˣϳɶ
㣬ô£
ɳü
Ҳ֪˵ӦֻһöռλŶԣܳɾռ֮񡭡ãһһöռλɳǸŮӣֻںַʵһɱڶԸǸϼһ
㵱ϣɳ
ɳ˵ͷںַѵǡ
ǵ֣
˵ͷ
㣡գҾҪɱ㣬ΪҼС͹ү𣡡
˫һһ˫ӣ¶ɭȻĹ󣬻ϡ
꣬ҲǵǬ½Ϊ츳ߣһֱԼС㡢ү˸ߵΪ棬ɾ۷λ
ԭΪһпƽ
˭֪үȻһֻǡ
ϼһǾͿûǸˡ
Ц
㻰ʱ䣬ɳͬʱˣĿֱָԶһʤѩɶ
ɶվƮƮͺ׹䷲Ů
ռ֣֮ɫƽޱȣûκβ

ɲǼ䣬ɳӰɶĲԶ
ǵϣռ۶𣬻ſռںϷֱ֮ɶ
׳գ
ɲ֮䣬һĮݶ
ȴûбɳĳ
տʼ˰֣ﻹ룬Ҫʱ֮ɱˡ
˭֪ǾȻһȺɶ
ڣ໥ľ룬ҲǼΪ
ˣ
һʱ֮ХֱӺɳ֮䡣
ɲǼ䣬ǵ壬еֹԭء
ȻľֹϸǿԷǵ΢΢һ
ݣ
ɶпռ˲ۣռ֣
㣬
䣡
ʱйȻһſռͿռںϷ򣬺ɳϡ
ɳռ֮˲䱻÷飡
һ̧֣öռλȴҲһȻĿϡ
۷λɾ͵ġռ֮񡱣
̫ˣ
ˡ
˿Ƕ꽩ӲҲ΢΢չ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɶҲЦˣһ˫ӣΡ
Ǹ˵ᣡ
ףĸסɶΪǱˡ
ɶ̧ͷ񷣬ڡ
￴ɶڵģһۣ粽ǰɶ˻С
һ̣Ҳû˵Ϊ֪ɶҪǰǱġ
֪ʱѾ뿪һƬأһ˫Ů
֪˶á
磬ǻȥɡ
ɶϸֳһĨҸЦݣɷţԶ
ۺʱ
˶ǿ
š
ͷͬɶһصǬ½
ɶ
ɶͨ»صǬ½֮Ŀռ䣬һգһѷ֣ԣִܲܵ
һֱӴ͸գִ˵ڵһ͵ȷλ档
ֻǣȴ֣ɶûй
ɶû취ȥ𣿡
»ʡ
ɶ˵ͷƺһĵҡ룬ӦǸ͵ȷλĹǰǱ߰ɡ
ͷӦռλȻһԷǰȥĽǡ
š
ɶͷ
йص£ﶼѾɶ
Ȼûü˵Լ꣬Ե¡
ˣҵ꣬ƺڵҲƺǬ½ѵҳɾͿռ֮͵ȷλĹ򶼲ң
ͻȻ⡣
Ͼڵ꣬ڵĳġлꡱںϡ
ˣռλȻһжˡ
ɶ˵һйľ֮У׼ռλɾͿռ֮
һԼɾͿռ֮һжԲˡ


596 Դ塱
ۿ˾ңɶ΢΢һЦصʹػ
֮С
£ȡһöռλʼ
ףƾԼںϵַҪռλҪʱҲǲ̡
ԣ׼
ȫռλϡ
ˣ֪һֿ״̬أԼ֪˶á
ڳ״̬ʱ֮ڣһУڳ޲£ͻȻ䡣
֮ʱ֮Ȼӳ
˿ռλ֮Уռһ
ɲ֮䡣
䣡
ʱͿռ򣬷·ĳֹ
ɲǼ䣬ع
עڿռλϵʱȴǳסˡ
֣Լġʱ򡱣ȻͿռλ̺ġռںһγһµġ򡱡
ʱ˿̣ðһͷ
ʱչ򣡡
ʱչҲǡʱ֮յĹ
ʱ֮񣬾ڸߵΪ棬ҲǴ˵еĴڡ
ѵҳʱ֮񣿡
ﻹɻ󣬾ͷԼһ󶯲
ʱǡʱչҲ˿ռλ֮С
Ȼռλ״ʼ˱仯
󣬾ȻˮĴڡ
ʱҲˮںһһжôȻ
ˮں֮󣬳֮˲ϯ
ɲǼ䣬صġ֮ӡ֡
ֱ֮ˡ֮ӡһҲǡʱ
һоͺˮɣʱܿͳ˳ڡ
﷢֣ʱ֮Լ壬Ȼ֧顭
ȴκʹ
ʱ׻۶䣬壬Ҳױ
ֻ꣬Լһöˮ塣
ʱͻȻһͷ
һ壡
ͷɲǣˮϣһҲǡʱչ򡱣Ϳյġʱһ𽥵ػ˳塣
֮ǰһɡ
Ȼףǲ࣬ʵϣһ壬һ岻֪ǿ˶ٱ

Ժʹðôһͷ
ܿ죬ͷ֣Լع塣
߳ࡣ壬ȴҲƺ̺żΪǿ
Ȼ䣬ͷһ
ѡ
ʶ֮һΡ
ǡ
ܿ죬ʶʹһط
طһΣ
һī֮еһƬء
ͤȪ
ǵﻹѪԺʱ򣬵һνǡؾʱǱصʯ֮ԴҲǺݵľͷ֮󣬿Ǹط
ڶνؾҲûмط
ڣû뵽ٴ
ңһϤĸо
Ϥĸоļ䣬һˮ塣
ˮ壬ǡʱ򡱺͡ռ򡱵Ľᾧ
Ӧÿǡʱλ
ﵽʲôط
һɻ

ʱؿǰҲͤһ࣬ͻȻֳһӰ
һӰһӰ
һˣӢڳҪʣ̲סøС
ʲôˣ
￴ˣȻ˵ϸоһ˿еϢЩʼϲ
˵ʲôˣΪλ
Ϊλָо
һУö֪
ãҽС
˶Գ΢΢һЦ
ЦݣҲó崺磬鳩죬ﻹ̲סʵʲôˣѵҲǡʱ֮񡯣
΢΢һЦǰɡ
ǣ
Щ㲻е˼ˣʲôǣ
ҡͷһЦҲǼ̳ҵĴСӽԴ塯ͽˡ
Դ壿Уʲô˼
ɻʵ
ôף
ҡͷһЦһ̧֣ɲǼ䣬֮УһӰ۳Ρ
￴һӰʱȴסˡ
Ϊġͨ
ڣ𣿰㵱ӵǬ½ҵİšңҲһֱ㣬ΪԴ塯ļ̳ˣƿԴ壬һֿ١ģҶԣ񡣡
ֻϧҪһͱҲͬ㡣
˵Щ̾Ȼ
ֻǣĻóȫͷԣ˵Щʲô˼ʲôԴʲôܲ˵һ㣿
ЦνԴ塯ǰ֪ĸߵλ棬Լ͵ȷλڵλġϡ˵ǣڵġ硯
磿
еĵ͵ȷλ棬ԼǸߵλ棿
⡭
㵽ʲôˣ
һɵ֪ʱ֮ҲֶΡ
Ҳ˵ǡԴ塯ĴߡڵƬռ䣬֪λ棬һֿٳģ㣬ΪԴѰҵˡΪҪȥǸطֻܴһԴ塯
˵
ԣƬ̣Ҳʼһ˽⡣
൱ڵƬĴʼˡ
һֽ硣
ҪƿȨԼԼƿ硭
Դ壿УǸط
̫ɻ
Դ塯ԺҲȻԴ塯
Ц
Ϊʲô
üʶһпҲϵδ
ô˵ɡԭƿصԴ壬ҲǴӱ̳еġǸˣҲΪһԴ壬ԽԴ彻ңҳΪǸԴļ̳ˡǸԴ棬ҵˣҵİˣҵһС
˵˵ڵԴ壬Ȼһֿ١ģҵ壬ȴԶûǸԴ󡭡
ңҪȥǸطһǿƵĵطиߵ׷󡣶Ҫȥõʸ񡯡
˵νʸʵ봴һԴ塭ΪֻдԴ壬ġʱٴηɱ䣡νʱ֮ʵԴġƿߡ
һŶĻһš
ڴҲȥ
ڵԴ塱ǶΪԼġʱɱ䣬ǰǸطſٴġ
ڣӵȥǸطʸ
ǣֻܴһԴȥ
ԣѡ˱Դ壬ϾһС
𣿡
΢΢һЦһᣬһн꣬һᴫڸʱʱչ򣬲ٿԴ塯ķ
һ˵ͷ
Ī
һУʵ̫ڷ˼
ģЩ޷ԺҲԼҪ˵ľǣԺҲȥǸطԼȥٳһµġԴ塯һԴ塯죬һõһɱ䣡


597 Դ
üͷһֵô˵ҿٳһµġԴ塯ʱȥǸطʸҲҪΪµġԴ塯һ̳ˣԴתȻҲܴڵԴ壬ҵһеԴ壬ǰǸط
ܴ
˵ͷž˼
еġǸطʲôط
΢΢üʡ
Դ磡
˫һֱ˵
Դ磿
סˣ֣һͲ򵥡
֪һʲôĵط𣿡
ʵ
ҡͷһЦȻ֪ûȥǸطǸطȻ֮ΪԴ硯ҲǺƿصġԴ塯йذɡ
ȻȻҲûȥǸط
ӦȥǸط
ʣ֪˰ɣ
֪
ͷʲôʱҲزһµԴ壬ʱٴɱ䡭ʱͻյԴٻˡǸʱҪģǽӵеԴеһˡȻЯһԴ壬ǰԴ硯
ԣ˵ͷ
ڣҲථˡ
ˣҵʱ䲻ֻ࣬ԴһӰܿͻʧڣҾͽٿԴķڸ㣬⿪ԴķҲᴫڸ㡣
ܿ죬ŶĿڣ﷢ֶӰȻ۳һ⣬ֱӶüġ
Ϣóһ
ͬʱ
ϣԺܹԴ㡭
ʧѾ뿪ˡ
Դ硭
һٶ룬ʼƿԴķ
ܿ죬ʲôˡ
ֻҪһԴ嶼֮С
Դ弫
һߵλ棬͵ȷλ档
Ǭ½ԼڵǸ͵ȷλ棬ֻ֮һ
ң⣬﷢֣κһλġ򡱣񶼻ġͷֻҪͷܡ
ֻҪԴڵλ棬ϵġƿߡ
磬ڳͷֱڵǸ͵ȷλ档
ô󣡡
ܿ죬Ҳ̲סȣΪڵĵ͵ȷλȻֻѷɫڡߵλ桱ֺ
˵ڵĵ͵ȷλ⣬Ҳֻ͵ȷλܺ͵ڵĵ͵ȷλȡ
Ǭ½ȻСֵ͵ȷλ档
ﲻ̾Ȼ
ͬʱҲɸп
ԭһʼԼǡѡеˡ
һҪ̳СԴ塱ƿߵˡ
ԣˣԺҿٳԴ壬ӦȥҼ̳ߣ
ܿ죬﷢Ҫ⡣
ϣǶοٴԴϢذɡ
ﻳϣʼĴϢ
ԭҪһԴ壬ѡ
ȣҪ롰򡱡
ǿ򣿡
ƿԴԺ󣬶Դƿأ͵ĵĵز
ܿ죬ͷһԴ壬ͺһ֮ڡ
ڣڵգǲãһƬһߡ
ûȥ
նķһ̧֣ʱ֮ʱչںһ
ܿ죬һ
䣡
һը
ʱըʱ֮ʱչ򣬻һ˿˿ҽ
Щҽڡ֮УȴǷ˹ı仯
ҽٴλһһΣҽ֮ƺЯĳڡ򡱵ǶҲ˵ʲô
һҲǱһԴƿߴַԴ塣
ڣҽٴλһγһˮ
ͳڵǸˮΪơ
ҲǡԴ塱
ʱԸоԴҲһѪĸоڵԴһ
ֻǣһԴʱȴǷ֣ûλֻ֣֮һƬޱߵأûκεڡ
ԴӦγɳأ
һ˿ɻͬʱҲʼնļ䡣
ٳԼԴʱ򣬾ǰһԴƿߵķٳߵλԼෲλ桭
ˣҲѧɡ
ﰵ
ܿ죬ųһġԴ塱֮УҲһߵλ棬Լ͵ȷλ棬ȻЩλ涼ûκڡ
ѵҪԼֻߣȥҵԴתƹ
һɻ󣬼ĶϢ
ʵ֤뷨С
һԴڵΪԴƿߣԴ
һԴ壬ͻֱɥʧ
κ˶⡣
һ㣬ԴƿҲΪ
ѹֶûнԼļ˽ӵԼٳԴ棬ԭơ
һ顣
ˣ˵ԴԼǾԼɡ
΢ɲǼ䣬ٴγڿ֮С
ʱط֣ڣˮ򡭡
ˮһʰ쵡
һȴһƬҰ
ǰߣȻǶǸԴ塱ںߣǳոտٳģûκڵԴ塣
һͷֱصǬ½
ŷ֣ɶ
ɶ
һͷ˲ơɶࡣ
ԣԴ֮УֻҪȥһͷˡ
ɶ˿磬ȥˣ
΢΢һЦһֱӵִˡԴ塱Ĵڡ
һλ֮ġСط
ͤȪ
ɶ֮ͤУһ̧֣ʹӵĳطץһˮ
裬Ҫˮˮأ
СŮߣ۰ͰͿתȥĸˡ
ҲǷ𣿡
˻ͷȴϿһ
ɫɷףһͷǡˡ
ȴǲ֪ˮĳ˺š
磬ʲôط
ɶһΧʡ
ԺǵļˣҪһЩʲôԡ
һ̧֣Ҳûʲô֣ΧĿյأ˲ΧɢȥһƬĴأɶǰ
ɶסˡ
⡭ʲô
ΣɶŻع
ӣȻûκйءԴ塱£ԼԴ̳е£һһ˵
һΣɶʧãòŷӦ˹̾û뵽㾹Ȼôľ
ҡͷһ̾ǰҲû뵽˿ռλʹҵʱͿռλڵĿռںϣҲΪʱ֮񣬸ֱӳΪԴġƿߡ
ڣԴĴˡ
ɶЦһ
ˣȥ򡣡
ҡҡͷ˵

ɶû˵꣬ǰһͷԼһεɫǰ
磬ǣ
ɶЩɻ
㿴ǰεɫǵ򡣡
Ц
򣿡
ɶɻ󣬡磬ڵĵ͵ȷλĹ򣬲ǻĿռ֮𣿡


598 ͬ
ɶƺҵݡ
ӵĻҡͷһЦǡԴƿߡֻҪԴ֮ڵĴڣƿأ͵ȷλĹ򡭡ѾϿ꣬Ҳų㣬ὫҲﵮꡣ
ɶȻ
ߣҴȥ·
ɶֱӻص˻
񣬻ҹ
ɶֱӳڻĳطһƷƷװ꣬ɶ·㿴ϲЩϲͻϣٶüá
ɶ˵
ţɶǵòʣǴʲô·һˡ
磬˵û·ȻͬЩ·Ϻ٣ܴ𣿡
ɶһЩ̿¶װһȻ
ɶ㲻ܴЩ㿴Щ
￴Աһѱص¿㣬һ
ɶЦȻ֪ʲôܿ죬͵һȹ
ȹƫڹŵ䣬ϰһ磬ɶֱЩģػҪÿǧ򱶡
ɶ
￴ɶ̲ס̾
ɶ˫糺죬磬Ҽ·ɡҶ֪׺á
ӦһܿͰɶ˼·
׼뿪
뿪֮ǰһ̧֣жһɫƤ䡣
磬ʲô
ɶƤ䣬һɻ
ô·ҪЩǮ
Ƥ䣬ȫһĳƱóʮһʮ򣬷ŽƤ
ɶȥСѾɡ
ǣɶ֣һͷʧԭء
ڳղƤǰɲǣڸһеĵ²ֿ棬Ⱥ˾һ𣬸һƤ䣬׼һֽǮһֽ
ǹģ׵ԾΥƷ
ڻǮ˲䣬ǸװǮƤ䣬Ŀ֮£ƾʧˡ
ʮ˫۾ţôʧˣ
û˿⣬ΪһƾʧǮ˿ʼƴ
˶ʮˡ
ʣµˣʱϵľץȴ߶ƾʧƤ䡣
ž
꾯һСһƣȵʲôƾʧǮƭأʵʲôط
壬ǸƤƾʧˣûƭ㣡
Сһί޹ͷô˵ʵûأ
ı
ɶƾճ֡
СѾɳϣһƬţĿڵϡ
ڣڲš磡
ء
һСѾͿ˳Ļһ̫ˣҪиһλҲܻ뿪
һ飬СѾСѾʲôϲϿˣ
磡
СѾξѣͷͿ˳ֱ˹
ֿɶһЦɶҲˡ
СѾȷʵÿˡ
ɶ΢΢һЦ
磬ôȥôáǸѧУһ㶼棬ҲͶ˼СƨңǸ̫Ż绰Ž㡣ߣ
СѾ˵һˡ
СѾȥѧУҲֻѧ㶫
Цû뵽Ѿͷôڡ
Сƨ
ԼҲһСƨ
ͻȻСѾһСѾʲôأ
ųͷһתĿСѾϡ
ǰһת
СѾʯصĻ棬ȻǰĻ档
󣬳֪СѾݡ
ԭСѾ
ѹֵᶼǡ񾧡ԭԼǡ֮Դ
СѾǸ磬Ҳˣһһ֮ԴĴڣûСѾãһռ֮Ĩɱˡ
ߣ
СѾĻ磬СѾڶѧˡ
ѧģ
һ㶡
ϰ
СѾֱ˵ǰ˵ԣͿʼˡ
ĶѸٵüٶȣֱڸˮ̳
СѾ˳
û´ƺҲ뿪ʮꡣ
Ҳ˵Źʮ졣
³ͷʱ䣬СѾͺ̥һ㡣
ɶǡԡͷҲϤһ£ʶһЩ硣
΢Ц
ɶͷԣֻҪʲôʲô
СѾ˯
СѾ˵һǣɶֻ˷һЩ¡
Ȼԡϴ衣
һУɶ˾档
һЩȴණȫֱ治
§ɶĴϣϹЦݣ˯˹ȥ
ҪľǺúúɶ
ʲôʱǸԴ塱ˣȥıġ
ڣҪʲôҲʲôˡ
ڶ峿ɶһСѾһ˲ơͳһС
ĳԣôϤ
ﻹǵãԼеʱ򣬾;һ͵㡣
ȥҲ֪Ǹ͵껹ڲڡ
ס
ܿ죬ͷǸ͵껹ڣæɶСѾһ˽ȥ
ɶһ֣͵ڵˣ׷ʯ
˻Ůˣ񶼴͵ؿɶ
Ů·
ǵֻʣһͷ
ǶԣҲֻ翵ŮܱȵŮӵò
ЩֿȵƯŮǣǿŮӵǰСѼûʲô
Щʲô
ܿ죬һԼĪʮҵ긾Ů˳һ΢Цʡ
￴ǰ긾ŮĿЩ㱡
ǰŮеһˣܿںһ
ǡ
￴긾Ůʡ
Ļ̲סһ㶣ʶң
Ӫҵϲ𣿡
ָָԶǽϵӪҵɣ΢Ц˵
һ
ҡͷһЦ
ˣǸһţɡ
Թ˵ͷ
á
Ӧȥ
磬ʶ
ɶóиӵĿ⣬̲סʡ
˵ͷǰһͬѧڿ϶ϲˡû뵽ôȥҲˡ²ˡ
Щп
ͬҲİ
֮Գͣϲţ⣬Ϊǹ￪ġ
ȥ괿ɰŮҲ˸ˡ
ܿ죬ڵţˡ
ۣ㡣
СѾĿһӾͳԵýζ
ó𣿡
Цʡ
óԣ
СѾæͷСŽóԡ
ҡͷѾͷҲǣʲôñȵġ
ϰʱ仹Ǯ˰ɣ
ʱһͿԿһͷˣɱ͵˽
ͷ磬һµǮŮѧѣֻʣЩˡ
̨ĳǮȫȡ˳˫΢졣
뵽Լ˸óĶĹϹҪæծһ
ΪǸˣڵѾǴİˡ
Ҳڼ̳мҵӪСС͵꣬δ˥


599 ֮
һĻü
ͷ˿һƾɵǮɫһϰϷŪ缸أ
˫΢죬ͷ磬ֻôࡣ
죬ҪǲչǮǻͲˡ꣬Ҳˡ
ͷ¶׺ݣв
ͷ磬𰡣⣬ҾûǮ˰
˵
ôвң
ͷɫһͺȵ
ǡ
æ֣ۿͷһȺɷɫŰˡ
ǷǮ
ڿȥˣ˹ȥʡ
¶ЦˣǸŵˡ
ǷǮ
üʡ
ļӦòֻЩϵĻǮ˲Ŷԡ
ôλֵܣҪǮ𣿡
ͷ˿Ƿһ˿Ц⡣
ҲʶֻĿˡ
æ˵Գ˸ɫó뿪
һů
ôȥһ㶼û䣬ô
˵ɣǷǶǮ
ﵭʵ
һ򡣡
ͷ˺ߺ˵
ͷ磬ֻʣǧ𣿡
ɫɷףʡ
Ϣ𣿲ϢҾͲǮˡǸҺڸˣֿŵļʮծ񣬹Ҫ䵽ͷϡ
ͷ˺ߺ˵
ţ
װӣȡ˰ֽ𣬵ݸ˹ͷˡ
ֵܹˬ죡
ͷĿһһǮ˵ͷ
ӶͳһǷ˹ϰǵ˾ˡԺ󣬺úҸ˹Ӱɣ
оһЦͷˣֱͦġ
Բ
Թͷ˵˵ͷصɶСѾߡ
ʱͷ˺ļأſɶ̲סĿһ
ʲôʱôƯŮˣ
ֵܣø
ͷ˶ԳһЦļ˾ͳš
֮󣬸ڹͷһĿ𣬡ͷ磬ղǸ̫ˣҪܸ˯һٻʮҲа
С㣬±𣿡
ͷü
ʲôѵǼһﻹң
ǰһмη塣
ߣ
ʱǾ͵棬ͻȻһߡ
ţȻһĻˡ
䣡
ղ˵ǸˣͶȻըͺǳʲôըҩһ㡣
ȻȴûκλҩͻѧƷĺۼ
Ѫֱ۴УȴֹסѪЩʡ
ͷɫ䣬һ͵ڵǸˣֶԷǷһ˿ЦͲٿǡ
ǱʶãһоǸġ
ÿµˣʲôˣҺûӻ
ͷЩ£⼸ɵ˵꣬ȵɵվŸʲô120
ȻܿˣͱѪ˴ߡ
͵ڣԳָжлˣпһ¡ǱǮԺһģһỹġ
ﵭһЦˡ
ڣ͵Ŀ˼ˣֻʣ³ˡ
ˣ֪ʲô𣿡
һмʵ

΢΢һЦ

סˣɫȻ
ô
￴ı飬һţѵǵͬ
ڵϵʱҲС
ûʲô˹ȥһͬѧҲгֻϧǰھǳ˻ȥˡ
ҡҡͷЦ
һ£Ҳ֪ˣ
Ƕˣ
Ǹͬѧϵܺ𣿡
ʡ
ͷǳеͬѧǻֻҪĩᵽҼҵͣҵ꣬Ǽ̳Ұġ
Ȼ
ЦʵԺûϵȻ쵽ͣҲǱɣ
ԣ˫糺죬ʱҲ֪ʶ˼ҲǶԺˡʱȥ˾ǣڼ磬ǼҲûм档û뵽һεõϢȻˡ
̾Ȼ޳ˣҸղЩ˵ǰǷǵǮ
ͷͽ˵˳
ڳǰЩûʲôġ
ܿ죬֪ȥ
ԭѧҵ̸һѣûþͽˡ
ŷ֣һĹǰܹ˼Ҳ
һǱǸ˳׻ˡ
̾˿
û뵽ǸŮ³
ˣҲˡ
ܿ죬﷢ɶСѾˣվһ뿪͵ꡣ
վڵſڣųԶȥ˿ˡ
ȴ֪֪ղŵǸˣǸֻͬʲô顣
磬𣿡
ɶʡ
˽ˣȻóдĺ塣
š
˵ͷȷʵ֮ġ
磬ΪʲôǸأ
ɶʡ
ôߣҺ֮ǰȫͬңӡѾǳֶȥ
ҡҡͷ
ܿ죬˸ƫƧĵطɶСѾ˲ƻص˱֮С
ս洫һСѾСѾ
Ǯŵġ
Ž㡣
СѾĿһ˳ȥŽ㣬ˣɶ㡣
ˣ
ǮŵУż־ϲܿͳ˳ǰ
ֻǣڳߵǸɵŮʱȴסˣͬʱЩԲλ࡭
ŮǰͳСѼûʲô
ǡ
һ˿롣
΢΢һЦţҵӣɶɶţҡСѾĽڵϵѡ
á
ɶŵͷһЦһЦǣЦĪڴˡ
㡭á
Ǯӹһ˿ʧ䣬ܿعЦҲ˵㻹һλôƯš
ţ
ɶһ㶡
ɶ㣬ž˶ӵĽз
մ򿪵ӵСѾعͷɶ˵
Сƨʲôˡ
Ц
ɶҲЦˡ
ˣţмҪæ
￴Ǯţһء
ʲô£˵
Ǯŵ˵ͷֱʵ
ܿ죬ͽ˵һ飬ѣȴҲһ׽ˡϣǮϼܸһݹԺúңڳˡ
Ǯ˳һۣʣĹϵһɣ
ﵭһЦһλ˶ѣһҲֳŵ
ǮŵͷһЦף͸Ұִ绰š
˵ţǮ˵绰Ǯٴ˹ȥ
Ǯֱȥֱ˵û⣬ھǱ߷ֹ˾ĸȥ졣
ｻ£ƴţ֮ҲҪɡ


600 ߣ
ȻǮٰ³Ϊģ̲סһۿһС
͵꣬һֻ磬ͻš
ڹ׼ŵʱССӿͣ£С棬һȺˡ
Ϊ֮ˣһװĵӡ
б̳϶һϳӣǮϼķֹ˾ܸˡ
׼ţͷһȺ˴˽ʱЩɡ
ǡǡ
ڹЩʱϳΪ׵ӣͫһ
ûмǴǰأǮϼŵ
ڵϿԷ
ǹС㣬𣿡
ӶԹ΢΢һЦƽ׽ˡ
Щܳܡ
ǵöԷ֣Ǯϼڵеĸˣά
СȻʶңӦ֪ҵˡҿСļʺǮϼŵһְλǮС㣬ȴ֪ûȤ
ά΢Цʵ
ܣûǹ˾Ͷ
ЩɣǲǸˣ
ǮϼţһͨѧҵĴѧ롣
С㣬Ҿ͸ֱ˵˰ɡһУλŵġҲ֪һλķҵ˼ǣСȵǹ˾ԣҿļʤҸ㰲ŵְλ
άҲûйĨǣֱ˵֪㻹һӣָܲ͵ɣ
Ĭˡ
ȴ羪κˡ
άеġһλȻ֪˭
Ǯϼŵˡ
ֻǣЩ벻ͨһλΪλ
ѵǡ
ܿ죬뵽˽ͣҰծˣǸҲСˡ
Ӧˡ
϶Ϊߣûеڶ
ˣһͲͨˡ
ǵʣͺǴӻ߳һ
С㣬ɡ
άֶԹһЦһŷ⣬תȥ
ŷ⣬ŷһְ顣
лл㡭
սְ飬ＤΡ
ԴֻһθеڣȴǸĻᡣ
úϧᡣ
ϣܹúðɡ
ĬĬ˵
һĻҲܷˡ
Ȼڹָоĥ𣬵ϣŮܹúá
⣬ҲһԸ
ĽǼһˡ
ҡҡͷӰҲֱʧԭء
ٴγ֣Ѿһ湤֮⡣
񣬷湤֮ڣš
һˣһಲ¶һ׳ţʮˡ
һˣһӢ˴ţֻʮˡ
ϴ󣿡
׳ӢˣЦһȺûõĶȻôһ޸֮СӡֱǶˣ

׳һȺСܣ̲סЦ
ӢʮСܣһĿ¶
Сϴ
ϴǿǿᵽ˵ġ
ǰ˵һֵܡڣǱ·ȥһˣһ㡣
ӢһɫзЦЩ
ɲǼ䣬׳ʮСܶסˡ
Сӣ˲ɣ

ʱ׳ʮСܾͳȥ

ʱӢҲˣ·һӰ׳׳ʮС֮䴩
Ƭ֮󣬰׳ڣȫˡ
׳һȺСɫױˡ
ʲô
ʮˣתۼͷŵˡ
𣿡
ɫзˣ׳˵

׳е⣬һ飬æ˳ƹʼ·ȥܿ·˻
磬硭۲ʶ̩ɽ˼ҾҰɡ
׳ˣվǰɫзˣֱͲһࡣ
ʲôЦ
࣬ڼڣŵʮˣ
Ժӷ㣬
ӣмɨ׳һۣʱ߻ˡ
ϴ꣡
ϴ꣡

ʱʮСܣ׷ߺȡ
ĽݣСõͦġ
ղŵһĻ￴һԣĽ
Сӣ˭ϴҲܺģҡϴôң
һͷվ˳û˵꣬ͱĽ˦һ⣬ʱһί
ֵܣ˵òô򣿡
Ľۺȵ
ʱͷɵˡ
ϴֵܣ
ҲʶԼˣɫס
ȻСƽϣǺĽһ߽˷湤
ôǸ㣿
Ľ￴ʵ
ˡ
΢΢һЦĽﻹܼǵҲһ˿ů⡣
ǾͺáˣɶˣΪˡռ֮񡯣Ӧûᱻ͵ȷλĹưɣ
Ľ˵ͷֵռ֮۷Ҳ⡣
һˡ
ͷ
ѾͷɶҪʧ˰ɣҿɿˣе˼
ĽЦ
ȥ
Ľһֵۣһÿôһ˻һ𣬺𣿡
ĽЦ԰ɣҲˡ׼ȥһġ
˵Ľ˫һЩ˷ܡ
һҪ棬ǧҪѵ滵ˡ
Ц
ģһշ硣
ĽٺһЦֻǣЦڳȴóЩë
һĻշ磿
ˣʲô㣿
Ľʡ
׼úµҲԲҵǰź
˫𣬶ӣЩ
ڵǰͬ
ǰҪ±Ϊ˳
ڣֻҪһ仰ǮϼžͻΪ׼ĺúõġ
ҾףյóԸ
ĽٺһЦˣȥѵһǼСӣƹҪ뿪ˡ
ȥɡ
ͷ
䣡
¡¡
ʱͻȻһضɽҡ
һʱ䣬Ľﶼסˡ
ˣˣ
ĽʮСܣֱĽˡ
ⲻǵ𡣡
üͷһƣʶɨܿͷ𶯵Դ
ʱĽҲ˳һۣȻҲˡ
ȥ
ĽЦʡ
д⣡
˵ͷ
ĽԼٷ𶯵Դ֮صʱ򣬳һѾһ˲Ƶִ
ʱ˿̣޾߿֮ϡ
Ľ£һ޼ʵĹɽ롣
ɽ֮ϣȺеˣ໥
ǵĹʰ쵣С
ߣ
ǳĵһ뷨
ΪԴ塱ƿߣһͷͿԺ͵ڵĵ͵ȷλġںϣ׾˽һС


601 ļ
Ŀ⣬Ⱥ໥ϡ
Щ˵ʵӦúǬ½ġ侳ߡ൱
ͬ侳ߣǿƾµķɽնУЩӦþǵϵˡ
ôô죿
ת˲֮䣬ĽҲˡ
ﵭһЦֻҪһͷ˲ƵԴڵκһط
С
ЩЩС˵ߣ
Ľ￴ǰһĻ̲סһ㶡
Ӧǰɡ
ͷʣĽݣҲС˵
Ȼҿʱдˡ
Ľﰺͷһģ
ˣˡǺǿǸ
Ŀ⣬ܿȺͷŵһɫ֮̽ϡ
Ҳһɽ
ɽͷѪôɽƷ硣
Ľüһ˼ı飬Ȼûд֮ǰĹлع
ûĽݣˣǵ򡣡
ĽһЦٺЦߣȥ档
һ䣬ĽͽȺ˵ϿգǱɫķɽץС
ҡͷһЦҲĽߡ
ʱ໥Ⱥˣ׷ͣ֡
ԪӤǿߣ
һʱ䣬Ⱥɫ䣬ɵؿųĽ
ﵹ֪ΪƺԼΪڵϵУԪӤ֮µĽߣ֮շУֻԷɽС
ԣЩ˿ĽУͶΪԪӤڵĴڡ
Ҳܺ档
ȺˣС˵˵һװһִװҶơ
رеļˣװģ棬ֱһİ졣
治֪Щʲô
ĽҡҡͷĿ֮£ֱӽıɫɽ۶ˡ
⡭
ѼƷɽ۶ˣ
ԪӤһɣ
찡˵ʲôˣ

һȺ߿һĻĿɿڴ
һЩߣһȣˤ·ɽ
û˼
Ľҡҡͷһֱʧ˵ǰ˸Ӧ
ʱҲ뿪ˡ
ǵʲôˣ
ڵϵĩʱȻǿߣ˼飡
ղӦһλǰǺҲһ˵ͻƵԪӤڡ
ǰҿˣҲֻ˶ѡ
ߣû˵Ϊ֮ˣԷϻͯô
ԭˡ

ҲȺΪ˵ĵ֣Ī
񣬳ĽȴǻصкС
㻹ǻȥɶɣҺúȥ档
Ľһкֱ뿪ˣٶ֮죬óҲҡͷЦ
һ
ҡҡͷһͷصɶߡ
ɶɳϣСѾһŵӡ
磬ˣˣ
ɶ΢Цʵ
ãйˣҲԷˡ
˵ͷḧɶ˳ʣɶʲôҪģ
ɶҡҡͷ磬ɶġ
ԣҡͷһЦǾڸɡ
ɶ˵ͷ
磬ɶ㣬Ҫȥ棿
ʱרעڵӵСѾҲӳ˹Ŀ⾼ضųóһ޷˦СѾͷˡ
ɶСѾֱ뿪˱
ٴγֵʱѾкֳ⡣
ƱʹŶŮֱӽֳ
ֳɶСѾϷɶãСѾ²
ȥ衣
Ժ󣬳ɶСѾԭصԼȥˡ
ֻǣʱȴǷ֣ɶСѾΪ˼Сģꡭ
ŮΣ
Ůɰ
Ů

С죬ڸɶڨȻɶʼնûǵ˼
ֱɶϸһĨЦݡ
ʱС쿴ÿˮֱ
صɶСѾߣ͵˶Ů΢΢һЦǻȥɡ
ʼգﶼûȥἸС졣
ڵĳվøˣ۹ȻҲͲͬˣ˵С죬ָĨɱ
ֻǣԷҲûʲôʵʵΪҲᡣ
ֻǣᣬҲһ뷨
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ϣһЩǲײĲģ⼸С죬ܺõڹ仰ĺ塣
Զɶİųĸ첲С۾ˣ粽˳˵氡
Сӣ
СӣŮϵģʶĸϽ
ŮСûʲôãǸҰɡ

С죬евеڶɶ˵
ʱſڡ
΢΢üôﶼЩĲӬ

Ŀ΢䣬л³һ֡

ĻüСһ㶣ǶǴЦ㿴ңҿ㣬ֵòС
ûУСǹء
ʡ
СӼֱҪԡ

С࣬һС죬ɫһųһȭ
һȭ׼˳
Ŀ΢䣬ǰһһֱ̧ӽС˳ȥɲǼ䣬Сɳףڵشʹ۴С
ʣµļС춼ɵˡ
һ֣һһٶ˺ףСģ
ݣΣһϣŪ
Сųȥһ⣬ֱӱȫɣһڵϴ۵˺ѷΡ
ǿ
ӣû뵽ô
Ҫǻô˧ߵλŮ֮ϡ

ΧҲ˲ٵˣһΧۣһ߸̾
磬һҪ
СѾŷ֣СѾѾıˣֻҡͷָСѾһСѾȥԺŽ׼һЩűʱԳԡ
ðð
СѾ˫˵ͷ
ߣȥɡ
ɶСѾֱ뿪ֳһ֮أֱ뿪ص˱֮С
ҹ
СѾڿӣɶĽͷ
һ·˲ٵĻͷ·˿Ŀ⣬˼ʣЩˣų϶ˣһȡЩŮˡ
ȻҲһ˵Ŀڳϡ
һˣŮˡ
ЩŮ˿ɶֶ׷ջĿ⣬Բλࡣ
磬ȥСʱĵطɡ
ɶͻȻ˵
ԣĿһ˵ͷ
ϴλȥֻȥ˹͵꣬ȴûؼȥ
ǣɶ֣һ˲ƣͻصԼļҡ
յģȫ֩˿
һС׷һǳĸĸǰġ
˴ѧһֱ
¥Ҳ˾¥ˡ
һֱӴţɶһ˽ȥ
̫Ļ䡣


602 ˡ
һʱ䣬뵱ȥϴѧҲѾʮˡ
ɶ߽˷̾˿
񣬷һУҾߡҵ磬һҳ
磬ǰס𣿡
ɶŷһС
ͷţϴѧǰס
ڵϵ£Ҳɶ˵ɶ֮ûκܡ
ʵҲûʲôÿġ
ҡͷһЦɶתһȦ뿪ˡ
Ȼֻʮ꣬Ǭ½͸ߵΪ棬ȴǴ߰ٶꡭ
ܶ£ҲѾˡ
ΪˡԴ塱ƿߣҲʶڵ͵ȷλ棬ΪʱٲͬԱá
ɶصСѾѾͷڿӡ
صϴ裬갮£§ɶ˯˹ȥ
һϣѵһΡ
УˡԴ硱ԴУһԴƿߡ
ֻϧһתۣͻӰˡ
ʱѾ
ڱ˵㶫ŪͣкɶСѾһ
͸ճ꣬ʹǮżٵ
ţ𣿡
￴Ǯţһɻ
һҪ塭񱻻˶ˡ
ǮɫЩףԱŵˡ
ô£
ɻ
ܿ죬ǮſеǸ壬֪ôˡ
Ǯλǣ
ﲩųһɻ󣬿һԵǮʵ
ﲩǳֵܣһдµˣ㿴׼û
Ǯ˵
ﲩһЦǮ˵дµˣҲ򵥡ˣҿɡ
Ӧйˡ
￴ﲩ˵û´ǰµġǲǵʲôˣ
ƣ
ĻǮ١ǮŶһ㶡
ǰǻţԴӼʶ֮ȴŲɡ
ֵܣ˵˹ƣ
ﲩЩЦǲС˵ŻֵĶ
·һ۾Ϳ͸ﲩ˼ƣʵڵġ֪޷⣬ϣĶû취ÿѧ͵ġ
￴ﲩ̯֡
ﲩĿ֮£ƾճһƱ
ƾճ֣
ﲩ϶Լ۾ûգһ£ȷϣ˲û۷
ֵдµˡ
ﲩ̾˿ֵǰҵǼһˣҹ˾µġ
ʱﲩڴﴫֻ
˴ġ
һʾﲩԳ˵
Ӧвġ𡮹ơ˵¹֮ڰСʱڽƳջȥ򣬺Ը
ﵭ˵
ﲩͷ˽ͬʱᡣ
ʱ洫һܣǰ£һϣúÿ¡
ܣѾ˵ˣǸĿǲ
ﲩֱ˵һ㶼档
ܣ⻰˼ǣû̸ˣ
ͻȻͳż⡣
̸ˡ
ﲩֱ˵ʶ˳ı£ںų
Ȼһ䣬ܣû´˯òðɣҾ˵˰ɣйˡܴӦҵҪΪȥƶ
ԣԷûˣֱӷųˡС
ﲩɫ΢䡣
ȻڳչֳıºﲩԳΪΣԳĻҲŲɡ
Էȷϣ̲סɫ䡣
ܣû´֮йƣҲΪɣ
ﲩ˵ʱߵǸˣǶ¹֮ˣ
ܣ˵ʲôôܻء
绰һͷȻûϣЦ˵һС

ﲩͻȻ˼֣Ҿ㣬¹֮˰СʱջعƳ桭򣬺ԸΪתġ
ܣûˡ
绰һͷһֱӹҵ˵绰
кһݻǼƵͳ׷棬һװˣֻɫһ
ô
ڴɳϵˣˣü͸¶ɻ
壬Ǹﲩ˵иˣСʱջعƳ桭򣬺Ը
Ǹղźﲩ绰ûκγɣֱӶ˵
ˣԸ
ԣЦ˫һҵҪηˣкͣ˵Ĵ󻰡
Сʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ǮٸŮˣ˳üżɻ
ߣ
ͻȻһ
ôˣֵܡ
ﲩһ
ûҵĻȻˣǾͱˣ
Ŀһ䣬һ̧֣֮ﲩϣƬ֮ﲩڣץסһֻŹֵĳӡ
öģ
Ǯſӵĵһۣͱ˫ۣҿ
ǮٵµؿһĻǹƳ棿
ﲩҲоԼͻȻˣҲ˹Ƴ棬һôСĶȻĥ˯ž
ͣ
ͻȻը١
ǳｫٵ
ͬһʱ䣬ǼǼƵͳ׷³һѪɫΪѿǱ߾Ȼиˡ
壬û°ɣ
ɫ䣬ʵ
û£ˡĿò¾ˡû뵽ǸﲩߣȻôµĸˡ
Щ˵
ĹƳ棬ôٵˣǸ̫ˡ
ǡ
æͷ
Уڣϣ̸Ǹﲩȥһ绰
ֵ
壬ǲǷǸĿ𣿡
һ㶡
ûȥȡǸĿȥǸ
üֱ˵
ԣʱһЦ
Ǹ
ʲôʱô
Ҳ˽ŵʶ˵Ŀ£һûκγɣ绰˹ȥ
ʱ
׼ӵ绰ɡ
ĻﲩһȻûзӦ
һֻ̣ˣ̲סͫһ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵绰ᡣ
ܣ£ǸǸĿҲǿ⣬λתҵǸ⡣
˹
Ǹ
Ǹ
ﲩһ˼飬Ȼ֪ԷʲôԿ϶һ㣬ԷԳ˿
ҪȻҲܵͷǸ
ǸõĻҪʲô
ﲩûڣѾ˵ˣ˵
ǡ
Щɡ
ҾǸϼһƳˡ
˵
ĬƬ̣ſڣż־⣬ҪΣֻҪܰ쵽ܡ
һǧ򡣡
ﵭڣתܵ˺ϣܻύҡ
ﲩΪҪ쭾ܾʱ
ãܣ鷳㽫˺ŷŸҡǮʮӺˡ
˹ԼЩ
ȴҲȷʵ
Ϊ˵ˣǸظ˵ʵҪ鷳Ѳˡ
ԣѡƲ֡


603 ʫ
ˡ
绰չûãյһתϢ˵
ڻЩûзӦ
һǧ򣬶˵㲻ʲô
һȫʶ˸һǧȴ
Ҳףǰˣʵ
ֵܣǮ
ЩʵﻹЩëϲˣһֲĵĸо
תŰɣͷҪˡ
ﵭ˵
ã
ͷκγɣǮŵпţֱֻת˹ȥ
ҪЩǮʲô
Ǯźʵ
ܳ
΢΢һЦ
ֵܣҪ򳵣֪һˡţһǧֵܣ򳵵Ǯҳˡ
æʶȤ˵ҪгܾҪˡ
ЩڿѧĴڣҲκβ˶Է
ǾͶлˡ
ȻҪ飬Ҳûп֪ȻʶǮŸŮҹϵƺҲˣȱô
ֵܣҪʲô
ʵ
Ҹһܳɡӣ㣬
˵
ã
ͷֱӴȥһ绰ιڸҲ飬ȫõܳһ棿ãǸˣʲôǮǮֻҪܸ㵽Ǯν
˵꣬Źҵ˵绰
Щȣ棿
֪ЩܳǼ䰺ģر2021꣬ȫõܳһǧδõ¡
ǴҪȻٶ࿳һЩ
Ǯ΢΢һЦԳ˵
ЩΣȴϵûֵܣֻҪʲôҪһ绰áֻҪǮܰ쵽£ǶԲ¡
˵ţݸһƬ
һǻϡ
һû˵Ǯ٣ЦֵܿҵĿˣʲôҪĻֵõ㣬Ҿܰˡ
ǣôܸǮܱء
ԺǮٺ죬Ц
ò˵Чʣһº󣬳Ϳܳ
2021¿ġBVһġܳ
Ȼǰûл괩Ǭ½ʱ򣬳ֻһС죬ȴǾΣԼһܳ
ԣܳҲо
꣬⡮BVǰеܳȥȻȵزˡ
ǰ߼ܳ¶ЦݣڣҲʵ˵룬ȻЩ١
ɶ
ܿ죬ɶ
Ưĳ
ɶܳҲЩȣڵɶҲһʱˣͨʶ硣
ڳİ
ߣȥԡ
΢΢һЦ˼ʻ
ɶҲ˸ʻ
˳һ£ֱӷ˳ȥ
Ҳڻûơ
ке棬ʻܳҲ硣
ֻҪַ϶Ժᴩ
۾ȥжϣʶ֪̽һС

ǳҲ̫˰ɣ
һ磡
ţ˰ȫ綥֣Ҳһɣ

һȺ˶סˣҲ˽ͨ
ҲһЩͼسĳȴ˦˺棬ȥ˼أٶȣȴһҪѪ
һܳ
ܳBVҪǧء
ǰһԱ˿ĭ
ǧ򣿡
˶ɵˡ
ǰ棬ų˲¡
ô֪
ƽʱȽϹעܳһ־

ڳļһۣӿЦ
ĳ鵽϶Ҳǲ֮
ˣͨκΡ
ɶָоô
ＸǽһŲȵף˳ȥߵɶ
ɶ˵ͷ˵ģЩ
ٶȣȻûԼеٶȱȣڳһָܡ
ûã˸ٳڡ
ۿǰһչȥֱ׷˹ȥ˶ûüµ
ø·ڵĹԱɵˡ
ǻǵһμӷѵġ
ǺһƳɡ
ܿ죬һ
飡飡飡

ݳɳڸ·ϣܿǰһǹ﷢֣ǰе˽ҳڽ
ʶɨԷ֣һ˽ҳˣһƯŮʣһ˾ڣһѾɱˡ
һȴˣһˣڲϾǹ
飡
һӵǸƯŮڵĳʱһ󷭹
磬ɣ
ɶЩĲ̣ǸŮҲֻʮꡣ
š
ͷͷһǣŮ뿪ƾճܳխĺϡ
Ȼխֻ˵
ŮȥҲխ

оˣʫһУܿ죬ͷֳӻָƽۣŷ֣ԼѾˡ
ô£
Щ¡
䣡
ʱԶһ죬ؿԼ֮ǰֱըˡ
ಣ
ܿ죬ͷǰľԽԽԶתʧǰ
ΪڵܳٶԽԽˡ
ʱʫлխĿռ䣬һҲƽ
ղŵһĻΡ
Ǳʶ͸оϵһһŮ򵥡
BV
ܿ죬˷ϵıǣһۣ˳
һǵھŴ桭Ҿ˾λˣ
ʫ鿴һ
ŮԺ󣬾ͽŮһߣҲûȥܣŮĻü˾ˣ˭
ʫ˵Ҿ˾

һ飬ǻɡ
λˣҾ˾ƽʱǺٿ˵ġ
ʫĿһϲȻǸˣղҵİɣлл
ҪллӰɣ֮ģδػ㡣
ﵭ˵
ʫ̽ͷɶֻһۣ۾ֱˡ
ԼһŮȻŮӵǰȴȻʧɫ
㣬Ư
ʫĿת̾ȻҲŮˣȴҲסء
ɶ΢΢һЦСãҲƯء
ȵϽ㡭ףҲ˧ҪֽôƯˣ˵һ׷Ŷ
ʫ鿴ɶһֿЦ
Ϊʲôᱻ׷ɱ
ʶʫ鲻һŮʵ
Ҳ֪Ұְֵĵ˰ɡ
ʫҡҡͷ˵
ƺһ㶼¡
Ӻˣʫղŵ£ϰΪһ㣬ѵ׷ɱ
찡ż갡
ʲôµģãˡ
ʫЦһΣһΪԼҪˣû뵽˸㡭˵һҵĺӲ


604 Һ

Ůֹͦ۵ġ
ˣҾ˾˵Сҽʫ飬ҪȻҲһ£ҵжӲ
ʫٺһЦԳ˵
Ҳ
ҡҡͷҴǰƸкˡǸһȥôţ
ʫ˳һۣȻһȥˡ
˵ͷڸٹ·˸ȱڣ˸䡣
ಣ
ܿ죬ܳٴμ٣ʫ۴С
ȥģ
صкУʫ顣
ʫָ·£￪һ¥֮ǰˣˣȥɣ
ˣƯ㲻һȥ𣿡
ʫʡ
üͻȻŮЩһֱӽط˳ȥ
ಣ
ٴԶȥ
ʫ鿴Զܳɵˡ
˿£ֿ˿ȥǸˣ̫ˣôŪģƺŶû
ղǸСͦõġ
ɶ΢Ц˵
ҵǾͦ˵ġ
ҡҡͷִɶһֻ̳ſ
ֻ
ɶ˫һֻ˺档
ڵֻﵱõģ֪˶٣ʲô3DͶӰˣõֻ֮ϡ
صûãǮžͰѵ绰˱
ţ𣿡
ʵ
лл㣬Һʫá
Ǯ΢ЦղиҴǧȥһſɣʱȫתϡ
á
ӦһҲȷʵǸðпˡ
ӣҲƽ
ֱº
µʱ䣬ɶѾȫ磬Ҳų߱˴֪˻ʷһЩ顣
ţ
ɶ೤ĳ֮ϣͻȻüͷ
ôˣ磿
ɶʡ
ϣƺ˿ˡ
ﵭһЦɶ֣һ˲ƣһڵĳңҹ
ʱ˿̣ɶڸ߿֮ϡ
ǽ£һƬɳĮɳĮ֮ϣȴһսȻûǰǺǼսôšȽɱϵĿƼȴǲ֪ǿ˶١
ս棬ʮ
Щ࣬Ĵڡ
ʶɨЩ֮У֪ܿǵԭ̫ϵڵġϵ
˵̫ϵΨһڵǸ򣬾ϵΨһ
ǵ򣬿ƼԸӷ
ϰǰ̽鵽˵ڣʱǾͳˣֱڣڵִ˵
ס
Щļ﷢һֶ
һҺ壬ƺڳɳһá
κֻҪӴҺ壬һּٶȳɳ
ҪϰܳҺ壬תۼܳꡣ
Һ壬ǳ֮ΪҺ
Ҳ֪ǶԡԴ塯ûá
Ŀһǣɶ֣һ˲ƣ͵ЩڵǸ
Щ֪ǻϰִ򣬶ȴһ˲䵽»ᱻײǽ
磬ǣ
ɶ濴ŽµԿ϶Ӧòǵ
Цһһߣ
ҺҲǼΪĴڡ
һ˸ò
ҺģһĹʵֹʵҲΪ
ʶһɨܿҵϣҺĵط
һʵҵڣһȺ
ɶһ˲ƣִǸоҡ
ʱһȺ˸ˣʲôˣ
ЩԣȴҲûиǷϻһ̧֣Щȫ˹ȥ
ţһЩԹУȡνġҺ

ֱ̧֣ӽԼٳǸԴ塱˳
Һȥ
ܿͷ֣ԴҺĿռĽչȻļ
ٳЩλ棬һЩѾֲ
ûгɣæȥʣµҺҲԴ֮С
ʱַһЩλ棬ࡣ
ֻǣЩյȴʲôᣬһǿ
ò˵Ĵǿģܿͷ֣Щɳγ䣬ʼ
Ҳûֹн
磬ôˣ𣿡
ɶʵڳԴ£һ
á
ͷǣɶ֣ϲϽ˲ơ
ϵġҺһա
ȻûȥƻЩҺĹʵЩʵҲƻˣԺûҺˡ
ȸһʱϢٹӡ
ϣһ˿Цݣͷһתɶص˵
صԺ󣬳ŷ֣ЩȻû뿪ɳĮңսҲë
Ҳ֪֪ȥǵϽֳɵġҺӶһգֻʲô顣
һЦ
ҡҡͷûȥɧЩϵ˷ЩῪһĸ
ĸĸҲǼʱ
ô˵ļ磬Ҳϣٷչ
Ȼڵı£ȫõֱӸı䣬Ȼи̣Ūɳ׾
ɶǻȥ
ɶһ˲ƻص˱
СѾڿӣĽʶӳͷҸһȺѪ桭
û뵽С˵ѪĴڡ
̾
ȻǽƬԴˣûпȥ̽ĳЩȴǲ֪ЩĴڡ
ɶܿƽ
磬ʲôʱ
ɶ
ôˣ
Ц
ɶͷ
˫һûж˵ʲôɶ˯ȥʱ򣬳뿪ˡ
˲ƣصǬ½
ڵǱߴ˲ãǬ½ȴǹˡ
ܿ죬ҵĶӳ
һ
Ҳ֪׺ĸǸ͵ȷλôˡ˵Ǳߣҽ飬ȴ޷ҵ
һЦЩΡ
׻ġ
΢Ц˵
ⶼˡ
һ̾
ôС˵ΪĻ
ֱڳǰ˶һ
ף
һ㶣æ
Щ궼Ǹ͵ȷλ𣿡
Ŀһڳôõĵ͵ȷλ˺档
Щꣿ
ҡͷһЦ⻰ɾ˵ˣǸʱ٣Ҫһٱ
ԣͫһ
Ҳסˡ
ʱһٱ
ʲô
ôǷ򸾶벻ȥ
Ц
ԣĿⶸȻæͷ³˳ͻܾһ㡣


605 Դĺ
˵Ҳױˡ
һУǶԣôİô档
ܿ죬Ҳ˵֮С
ûãĸ׺ĸףҲ˵
硢˾Ҳ̵
һȺ˴Ǭ½ͺǹȼٵһ㡭
ۿôˣҲΪ⡣
ʱȻš
ÿ켸ɶһ𣬵Ȼÿһʱ䣬ȥǸڵӶᡰҺ
ٳġԴ塱Ҳһּٶȳɳġ
񣬾ųϵλ棬
Щλ࣬Ѿ
ֱһв죬﷢֣Դ塱ѾʼһصʱҲڷ츲صı仯
ҵԴҲˡ
˫һһڣӦѡһԴ塯̳ˡ
еһ·Ҫĳɱһʱ⣬ҵԴļ̳ˣԴ̳˳ɳȻ̳ٳԴ塣
ʱŶԴ壬ǰԴ硱
ٳԴļ̳ˣҲ·
Ӧѡأ
һɲǼ䣬ٳԴڵһУԺ֮С
һжô
Ⱥɽһ꣬ǿɽߡ
ϣȫǼ֮ɫһҪߵɽȥҪΪĸײժΪĸˣ
겻˷紵һɽÿһ߳ǧ
꣬Եǲ
겢֪һжһ˿ǸˣǳҲڵԴĿߺƿߡ
겻֪ˤ˶ٴΣÿһôѡ
ƾԼժǻҾѡΪ̳ˡ
ﰵ
վûйɹժ˻Ϊĸκ˲
Сӣ
΢΢һЦ׼ǿʵ
ܿͷֱ֣ӸֻĳЩ
ѹֶֻǸҡͨԭǰԴҲƵġ
̾˿һʱ
Ȼ޷⶯ֻÿһʱ䣬ʹһΡ
⣬ѧŶһ
Ȼڵλ棬ûС츳ͨһĵ֮ڡ
귢ڵķԼƿʱЦˡ
Ӧúܿܳɳˡ
ϸֳЦݺο
磬Цʲôأ
ɶڳߣΪﰴĦ˫磬΢Цʵ
ɶ㿴
ţｫǸľɾϣɶǰ
Ȼɶܽ롰Դ塱ǳȴַͨʽɶԼԴţΪ
ǣ
ɶ꣬Щȡ
ΪԴѡļ̳ˡ
Ц
ɶȣ磬㶼ѾʼΪԴѡ̳ˣ
ǰ
ͷڣڵʱа˳Ѿתµɶ࣬ܳתɹˡʱֻҪԴļ̳˳ɳΪʱ֮񡯣ҾͿԽԴ彻ȻŶµԴ壬ǰԴ硯ˡ
Դ磬Ҳ˺档
ƿصԴ棬Ѿûκս
ңԴ磬Ҳ뿪ɶֻҪһͿԷֳһɶԴ
ıЯԴ壬Դ紳
ϲ硣
ɶ΢ЦڳһУһԲȡ
Դ̳𽥳ɳҲڵˣʼɶڵڵ͵ȷλط
ȥĵطһЩ򣬳һЩ߿Ƽ⣬ȥΪϵ
ЩϵЩǬ½ҲΪơ
ʱš
ǧ֮󣬳һʱԴƣҲɱһµ
﷢֣󣬶ڶԼԴ壬һȫƿظС
ڣһ֮䣬ܵԴ
ǶԵָߵȵˡ
һ
ţ
ͻȻһ
ʱһ֮·ܴ͸ԴֱӴĶС
Դ磡Դ磡Դ磡
ϴͺٻ
ɶ뿪һᡣ
ߵɶ˵һʧԴ֮Уһ̳֮ѾԴ֮Ĳã֮С
ԼԴҲڳԴ塣
ಣ
ѭǹɺӶȥ
ڣ˲ã֮ϣһתС
в֪ͨδ
Ȼеʱȴһų֮
Դ֮ϻԴ塭𡣡
ʱĶߣըװţͱһǿֱӺ˳ȥ
ͨԴͨˡ
Ҳû٣ж˵һ׼
ԭڵԴ֮
һΣջеģ֪Լڵʲô
ڣ͵ǸСһɳˡӦҲˡ
ȥ۲һǸ꣬񣬵ѾɳΪһۡ
ҲԴĸߵλ档
Դĸߵλֺͳ֮ǰڵԴĸߵλ治ͬ
ڵʵ൱ڿռ֮
ʱ֮Ҳֻһ֮ң
һصԴڣصɶߡ
磬㷢ʲô𣿡
ɶʵڳͻȻ뿪ҲоЩ֡
ЦɶҸоԴĺˡ
ɶĿһô˵ڵʱѾȫתµˣ
ǡ
΢ЦͷڵڡԴ֮ҲҵͨԴͨʲôʱСһɾʱ֮ҸһҲ뿪ˡ
ɶͷҲֳ֮ɫҲ֪ǸԴһʲôĵط
ʱ֪ˡ
΢Ц
ţ
ͻȻüͷ
ôˣ
ɶ˳ɫĲԣʡ
вٵ۷λ͸λ񣬽Ǭ½
˵üͷһƣҲҪΪǬ½һˡǬ½꣬ӵߣûعǬ½
һУһͷ͸㶨ˡ

Ǭ½֮С
ֹռλ
ǡ
ߣĴң˵ռ֮ء

һȺ۷λ͸λ񣬿ʼĴ
ͻȻ


Ǭ½۷λ͸λӰֱǬ½ʧ
ǷӦʱȴԼ뿪Ǭ½ص˸ߵλ档
ô£
ôͻȻͻˣûκס
֪ߣٻȥһͲаˡ



606 Ѱ
ֻǣЩ۷λ͸λصǰǬ½ġءʱȴһ֮⡣
ôܽȥˣ
͵ȷλ棬ȻйŹ֣

Щλ񣬷׷׺Ȼ
ȴҲ֣ȫʩΪ޷Ǹ͵ȷλ棬ҲͶˡ
Щȴǲ֪ǵһУ˿
ɶǰһϣȴЩλġ
ֱλȥ˾ϣɶ΢΢һЦڿԷˡ
ɶҲͷһЦ
һ߹עԴ̳˵ĳɳһߺɶԴĸ

ɶǿҪһ˸ߵλˡ
Ц
ôˣ
ɶʡ
ڵʵһͷͿԽԴڵһС
ȻҪȥӦ¡
ȥһˡ
΢Ц
ţЯɶһ˲ƾ뿪˽µλ档
ߵλ档
һƫƧĴɽ֮Уڼս
һˣһ£һ˸ɭȻаַںС
ÿһӳ羪˸оޡ
һˣĽǹ
Ķ֣һ۵ˡ
һɵɵÿһӳҲЯ߰ںһķ֮
Ȼ
̫ǿȻֶξȴҲ·硣
ѰϧˣйҾԲĶ֡ڣȥɣ
һһӳЯżΪµݻѰʮεķɵ
ѵѰݺһȴҪ
Ѱϣ¶˼ֿɬ

ǧһ֮ʣһµͬʱҲ¶
ֻǣȴǷ֣ѰͻȻƾʧˡ
ʧӰ١
Ѱ
ɫ䣬¶һ˿˿˼֮ɫԿ϶Ѱƾʧġ
ҪȻӹߡ
ʶɨȴ޷ѰӰ
ʵֺֹǺ𾪣ѰҲĪ
ΪͻȻһеƽԭ֮УǰվһӢӣһòɵŮӡ
лλ֮
Ѱˣ֪˳־æл
ѰˣǱˣǳ
￴Ѱ¶ȡ
ѰеǸӣֱһģһ
Ѱƺʶ
ȻҲ֪ԭ򣬵ѰǶھͨĻѣֻѰΪģͣȴѰûֱӵϵ
ѰǰһһŮ𺳡
ѵ˾ǿռ֮
Ѱۡ
￴Ѱ΢΢һЦ뵽ղŵһĻЩ𾪡
Ѱںϰַһں˰ַ򣬲йƾ֮ˣȻôá
Ѱۣʵˡ
㡭
ѰסˣƺţֻеǬ½ʱƺ
ǰλƿռ֮Ĵڣ֪
Ѱ۲ؾȣҲǬ½֮ˡң˵ҲѪ
˵һҲγһɵ꣬Ҳˡɵͨ
Ѱ˵˳ҲĿɿڴôҲû뵽Ǭ½ѪȻôһλдԵ֮ˡ
ܳΪռ֮ǾдԵ
û뵽ҵˣһԨԴ
Ѱ𺳣ʣǬ½ˣ
ѰۣЩһ㽫˽ģ
΢΢һЦ
ѰԣһЦ޹Ҫɱ׾١ֻǣƾҲǶ֡
뵽֮£ѰҲЩ
Ѱ۷ģҼȻô˵Ȼаա
ҡͷһЦһ̧֣һɵ۳Σ̶ʼɱ䡭ɢһƿµϢ
Ϣһ졣
⡭
ѰɵˣǰˣͶ䣬͸һ
ǿռ֮ҪһƺҲҪܳʱɣ
ܿ죬Ѱ𾪣˹
ȥ
ѰͷһЦһ̧֣֮Ѱ
һ̣Ѱͷ֣Լص˸ߵλ档
ǰǸˡ
Ѱ
˵һʱͷѰĿһ䣬Σӣ
˻һ䣬ĽͷӶںϷϹϯѰڡ
Ѱ˫һ
һΪڵǹȥ
ˣ
Ѱˣһ
Сɵ鷢
𵴣ɵӳں˲˼֮£ֱӴ͸ĺ
ֹˣɵ˵ĹҲ
һĻҲɶС
ѰۣйȻ˾ˡ
ﲻɸп
ţѰڵʵϹ۷λ֮£ˡ
ѰɱԺ󣬽˵ĹĴƺѰʲô

ɶֱ
л
ѰԳͷһЦȻĺˣȡõĳɾͣȴҪӡ
ͬʱѰݸ
ûнӣѰۣԼսƷ
Ѱּһ󣬷ֳǲԸԺҲûټ֡
ԣȷʵ
ܿ죬Ѱ
ѰҲӳĿУ֪Ǭ½£Ҳ֪˳Ǭ½һЩ
ȻҪĳﲢûиѰ
ǾֱɣǵѪҲֻǵԵ֡
Ȼ֪ԼĺˣѰȴҲûκξӸ֮⡣
ͷһ£ʣǷ֪򣿡
򣿡
ѰĻͫһ㡭ô֪򣿡
ｫԼϵһ˵ѰɿЦû뵽ҵľ꣬ȷʵǵϵˣҴĺ֮ʱҵȴĪǬ½һ¶ϡԼԼȡΪѰҲǰ֡
Ȼ
ţһʼ̽ڵĵ͵ȷλġ뾳¼
ֻ֣ѰǸҲǵϵˡ
ˣǱŪǬ½ȥġ
ԼֻǴӵȥĵˡ
ڶѰȥԭ򣬳ҲܲµһЩѰӦҲǶġԴ塱ļ̳ѡ֮һ
ֻǣѰȴԶûĻԵõһС
ڿ˵ھȡġʤ
Ǽһȴûк˵Щ֪Ҿѧ̳ˣ˭ʺϳΪԴ̳ˡ
һЩûڡ
ҪôҲˣûٵԴѡǸ̳ˡ


607 Դͨ
û뵽ͬһط
п
ǰԵְɡ
ѰΪȻ
һ﷢֣ѰںϷоãںϵھַ
óҲЩп
ȻԴƿߣЩȴҲıġ
ںϷ
ܰԼںϷҲֱӰԼΪ
ܰԴǸ̳һ㡣
ھѾԴˡ
Ҳ֪ڵôˡ
Ѱ˫һƺЩ廳
Цڵı仯ɴˣڵǸʱ
Ѱ˵ͷʳǿռ֮񣿡
ǰɡ
ͷ
ܿ죬ɶ͸ѰˣѰҲ⻹Ҫȥڣ
һͷɶ뿪˸ߵλ档
û뵽Ѱ۾ȻǺһˡ
Щ̾
ǰǵԵ֡
ɶ΢΢Ц
˿ɶĴߡ
ڣǶȥ
ԴУѡļ̳ˣڳɾʱ֮
ɶҿȥԴ硯ˣ
˫һɶ˵һ˷ܣԴ磬ڴѾá
ɶԣҲΪеˡ
ɶȥһЩ¡
ɶ˵һһԴ֮ڣܿϵѡǸ̳ˡ
̳˵ĳ統ʱһ㡣
Լ̳˵ĻҲĻ
󣬳ҲѧСһﶮûֱӽԴƿȨ
СӣںڡϣԺڡԴ硯ټ֮ա
Сһһ仰ֱʧ
ˣһкܶûء
ԴĳطѡǸ̳ˣš
ֻϧѾϿԼԴϵҲˡ
ջأɶ΢΢һЦɶھͷֳһ㡭һԶԴǼĴ档
磬ص򿴿
ɶ΢Ц˵Ҳһʱˣеĸ׺ˡ
ãҵķȥ
˵ͷһһΪ
ɶĿһ
ˣɶڻص򡣡
ķɶ΢΢һЦǣɶ֣һ˲ƾͻص˵֮С
ڳı壬һͷ뿪ԶġԴ塱
ٴƬã֮УｫԴս֮ڣֱͨԴ硱ͨȥ
һΣڷҪûٱų⡣
ԴֻͨоǰһԸоһɼΪµ˷۶г
һֱԶ
ܿ죬˫һؿԶһ⡣
ףӦþԴˡ
ʱķ֣ΧڣȻһƣڵԴ֮С
Դ壬ƺҲȻ׳
ףЩйŹ֣
һЩ֡
ʱһɿµĳٴκǰ⣬һΣͱͨ
ڳҵԶкôУ̶һôߡ
ֱղԴڵܲ򵥡
ԣͨڵĳ̰ŸԼ
ȴ֪Ϊ˵ע⡣
ڳ۵֮⣬ȴһ߲Ƶͨڡ
ͨϣһɵıϣ浽׷ʲô
ΨһԿ϶ľǣڲš
ôôãѵˡԴͨ
ܰɡԴˣϵġԴ塯ƿߣһôܷܡ
һӶûͱˣһ츳΢ԴѾ꣬ȴֻǡʿ

֮ͨ⣬ĺɫ׵ˣ۷׷ס
ǶĽĿšԴͨķ򣬶֪һʲô˶
˵һƬ⽭ˣ񽫣Դͨʱһ˵츳ڶ̶̵ǧڣͳɾˡ񽫡Ϊ
һƬҲֻλ񽫴ˡԴͨʱϣ⽭ʱ̡

꿴Դͨ棬Щ
ڶЩ棬ͨˣ೤ʱ䡣
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ
ʱˣû
ڳ֮ڣҲ϶ͻƵ񽫡
츳Ѿɱ䵽Ϊµĵزˡ

ˣһĽ
񣬳Ȼ֪ڵ֣ͨǹΪ£ԽԽǿѾЩֲסˡ
ȴܸоԴı仯
֣ڵԴ壬˷츲صɱ䡣
ɱȻûΪȴһȫµĸоͺĳֶ
ֻǣָоȴ׽͸
ˣټּ֡
һ֡
ȣ
Щǿĳ󣬳￪ʼԴ֮ڣȡԴ֮Щ⡭
Դ֮һխЩͺ˹ȥ
뿪Դ壬Щ֮֮Ѿû˿ôõģԴ֮ҲԴרõ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ƴЩĿ֮䣬˸ɭȻ⡣
ȱľġ
ʱˡ
죬֣Щֿʼ𽥱ˡ
ǿԶ⡭
ֻһ㣬ͱȥˣ
ಣ
һæŤͷ壬̰ͨڵԴ壬Ҳڷɱ䡣
֮ͨ⡣
ɫ׵ˣϾǺȻ
ʱˣûг
찡ôܡ
˼飡

ɫһ䣬һ˵顣
ȥˡ
һ˵
ȥ˵ҲҪաô죿
һ˵
ô죬Ȼǿס
ǰֵ
˵ţһɫ⣬ʧյľͷ
Դͨ棬ͻȻ֣ڵԴһ࣬ȻֳһԴ塭
׼ȷ˵Դġ
ֻһ沢ûλ磬Դıȫͬ
ȴ֪ڵı仯ʵǴӡһʿͻƵʿɱ䡭
֪ЩҲʶԼı仯
ҵƺ˲١
ܿͷ⣬ͨڿЩһ£ڷࡣ
ʱɱ䣬ʱҡ
ڣĸʱȥˡ
ﻹڸ翹
֣ڵġԴ屾塱ڷɱ䡣
ȴ֪ĸʱȴǳŻ˴ˡ


608 ʿ
ĸʱˣ
˵ʲôһƬֻ˵ʱˣǡ⽭ˡ
⽭˿ǱΪһƬ츳ǿĴڡ
ǳ츳Ǳ⽭˻Ҫ£
Щ棬һʲôˡ
ʱôãҲ³ˣ

һһ࣬˵ûꡣ
ڡԴ֮ͨڵĳȴڷܶ
ĸʱʱ򣬳ֲ㱻˳ȥҧ
ڵԴ壬жһ
ʱ򣬳ַ֣Լڵһɱˡ
ͻˣ
һεľ飬ҲµһЩ¡
Ȼ֪ڵѾǡʿԴ紫ȥȻСĺ䶯
ԴͨͻƵʿĴڣǿָġ
ڵġԴ塯Ȼת˳ɫ
һڱֳɫԴ壬ɫ
ֻˣͨڵԴ֮ڣԴ֮ϵɫڷ΢ı仯
ˣ
ôõͻƻᣬȻš
ڵԴ壬Ҳˡɫ
˵Ҳ֣Դı仯ȻǰղʺɫתģȻϡ
ڣԴ֮ڣΧԴ壬˸Դġ
ʵҲ˷츲صı仯
ڣѾԴͨڴһˡ
䣡
ʱͻȻоͨͷͻȻһǿƥǵضǳͨµ
ڵȫʩΪ޷
ûκ⣬ֱӱԴͨ
վɫ׵ˣѾľˡ
Ѿһˣ
Ǹ˻ûг
Ǻε죡
ž
ʱԴͨĻɫϣ˲֧顣
ĿһһӰˤ˳һ顣
Ҳһ㣬æһ·
ܿ죬ͷǰˡ
Դ磿
￴ˣֱʵ
˵˵ͷһ˵Դ硣
ԣ˵ͷǾͺá
֪Դ磬ͷˣԼߡطˡ
λǣ
ǰһͷֱԶȥ
ಣಣಣಣ
Ȼܿͷ֣˷ӶΧס
ţ
üλʲô˼
㲻ߣ
һ˿
ԣ㲻ߣ
ٹվҪˣˣ뿪

ˣҲ׷׿ڡ
ࣿ
üȻ֪ʲôܾЩԼ϶ʲô£ʱɫһÿ
Ȼû뵽ôᣬһʱ䶼סˡ
Сӣ
ΪԴͨһգ޵ˣ
ǣ츳ǿյԴ磬Ҳֻһʿѡ
ǰʲô㲻ϣ
˶ڳﲻмһˡ

ɫһһ̧֣֮ڵľŸԴ壬Դı;ŸԴķ˲ͷųһǿԴ֮ϡ
Դ֮Ӷͷ֮ϣֳ˾ŵǳ
Щǳÿһֳ֮ɫ
š
ڳǸɫ䣬ֻǣû˵꣬ͱеУ˻ҽ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬һʧʡ
ֻʣһȻ
ҸղûпɣŵɫǳȻ˾ŵɫǳ֮
ŵɫǳǿǡʿʩչ
ʲô̬յԴ磬Ǿʿ
꣬ʿѡ˱ˣ
ô죬˺ܿˣʱǿɾҪùˡ
ʲô취Щ˼Էġ

ʣµˣһЦΡ
ڣڲãԴӶС
һУԶôİ
Դ֮ڣ
磬㶼Դ𣿡
ɶʳ
˵ͷˣЩ֡
ôˣɶʡ
ｫԴͨڵľһһ˵ˡ
Ҳ˵Ǹͨ棬ͻ˰˴Σ
ɶʵ

ͷң뿪֮ͨ󣬻ĸԭԴߡңֻһУ׾ٽǵеһɱˡ
ɶĬȻ
ˣһԼԴ絽ʲô⡣
̾˿˵
ɶͷ
Դڡ
һ·ߣԴһʺĵط
ȫٷ˰죬ûпһˡ
򲻸ˣڼˡ
ң໥սˡ
ˣ֮ϼս
ǳ֮ʱͷ֮ϣԳߵǳ֮
Ҳǳɫǳ֮
üǵã֮ǰɱǸɫ׵ʱͷ֮ϣҲǳ֮
ֻǣͷ֮ϵģȴǾŵǳ֮
ߵ
￿˹ȥʩչԴ֮Զûǿ
ųĿȻȴ໥սﲻڡ
ذ磬ٲǶ
ߣȷֵģ·նҪΣ
֮䣬Ӷٴζվһ
˵ʵƾУټԴ֮ܵһʱ֮ȴǳٳδֳܷʤ
￴öЩ˯ˡ
ˣ
̤նһ̧֣Դ֣֮£˵
˶ʱ֣ųͷ֮ϵľŵɫǳ֮ɫ䣬ʿ
ʿ
һ㶣ƺ˵ң
ˣʲôǾʿ
￴ˣʵ
ԣһӵĿųǿ˾װɵ
ʿˣ֪ʿʲô
ô˵
üɫһϵԴ֮ʼŰ
㡭Ĳ֪
һˣ˿ĭЩʵ
ϻҪ֪ǣ

㡭ôʿεģ
һҲЩ
ҴͨյԴˡ
˵
ʲô
ĻɵˣǿԴӳĿпУǱʶʶƺûѡ
ֻǣôܣ
ȷյԴ磿
һʵ
϶
˵ͷǸͨҲĻӦǰһ쵽ġǸŹֵͨ棬һ죬ʵǶסˣֱӱˡ
ʲôһ죿
ܿͷ֣Զˣ״ˡ
ͺ˵ʲô˼һ㡣
ʲô
üʡ
﷢֣˰㷴ӦûУԴ֮ٴŰµϢѹˣһ飬Ӧ˹


609 Դ
㡭Դͨһ죿
˿ĭͬʵǵĺھͺ˿סһһŹֵ
ʲôѵǵıҪ
üǲǲʲôƭ˵ġ
ٴο˳һۣʶûѣɼˣǵﻹǳ𺳡
˵Դͨһ졭Դ츳Ȼɱ䵽˼ΪµĵزҵǺ棬Դ壬ڵʲôɫ
һ˿һʵ
ߣ
ͺһһ̧֣ĵԴ屾壬ͳ˸ɭȻɫ⻪
ܿ죬ͷ֣ͫһ󣬾ͳԭء
οڣ˾ûзӦ󣬳ﻹǽɫԴս֮ڡ
ʱ˲ŷӦ˹һۣܴӶԷпȻ֮ɫ
ϡ츳
һ˵΢΢ͺʲôµ飬꣬һ̶ƺ
ô츳ԴУƺҲֻд˵еһλ츳ɣ
һ˵һȻ
˵ʲô츳
üнһٵĳ嶯ôãڻһԡ
Ȼ֪ڵԴɫĺ󣬻Ͳˡ
˶һۣſʱ¶⣬ˣΪԴͨڴһ죬Դ츳Ѿɱˡ츳
ʲô츳Ǹ˵˵
ʣҪ֪Ķ̫̫ˡ
ǣ
æͷһһ˵š
ʱ츳Ҳһ˽⡣
츳ųơԴ硱ǿ츳
ԴУÿһԴ񡱵ĳɾͣ͹츳
츳ߣɾ͸ߡ
츳ͣԴڣֻܵס
츳ҲԴ֪ǿ츳˵Դڣֻһ˴ﵽ츳
ˣѾΪԴڴ˵еĴڣһУײβ
ڣԴжԡԴ츳ĻҲһ⣬Բʺɫ֡УԴʼɫɫԴ츳Ϊ͡
Σǲʺɫеĳɫ
ǳɫ
ȻϣԴơ
ɫǿ
ڵ츳ɫԴ츳Ҳ츳
츳˶ҵٶȰ󣬻ʲôô
￴ˣʵ
˷׷ҡͷˣǾͲ֪ˡֻ֪Դ츳ԽãٶԽ죬ǱҲԽ󡣡
Ҳû뵽ԼȻһӵ츳ˡ
һһյԴġˡ
ԴѾ֮ãҲͻƵʿΣ˵ãֱӴԴͨǡʿˡ
ڣҲӳ֪ԭ
ڳԴͨġ̬ΪҲһȻڲ֪ʲôôƴ
Ҳʶѹûܵõ츳ԭҲҪƴġ
ǣȴûƴɹûоȥƴͱԴͨ
Ҳǡ첻㡱췦
˵ͷʵǸ˵һ±¡Ϊʲôǳֵʱͷ֮ϻߵǳ֮ҳ֮ʱȴܳ־ŵǳ֮
ڳ⣬Ȼһһ
ܿ죬Ҳõ˴𰸡
ԭԴڣһ֣ԴڵĳȻܱǳ֮
һɫǳ֮ǡһʿ
ɫǳ֮ǡʿ
ˣԶܱߵɫǳ֮Ҳ˵Ƕǡʿ
ŵɫǳ֮ǡʿ
ô˵ʿԴײĴڣ
￴ˣʵ
ǡ
æͷ
ǳʿ⣬滹ʲôΣ
ʡ
ʿ־ŸΣҲ֪ˣֱһʿʿʿǿܱ֮ŵɫǳ֮ʿ֮ϣǡ࡯
һˣ͵
ࣿ
һ㶡
ǡ
һ˵ͷ˵࣬ʿ֮ϵĴڡ㣬һ࣬һ࣡࣬ʿһҲΪŸΡ
Ȼʣ֣ǳ֮
һ֣һǳ֮ȴǳɫǳ֮ǳɫǳ֮
ǰֽ͵
ɫ
üѵǳ֮Ҳɲʺɫֱ棿ɫǳ֮֮ǸΣɫǳ֮

˶ͷ
汻ˡ
ô˵ԴߣΪ߸ˣ
ʡ
ʺһɫȻϡԴУǿĴڣӦþǿܱɫǳ֮Ĵڡ
ô˵
һ˵ͷ
ô˵ʲô˼
ʡ
㻹ǵǸղŸ˵ǸӵɫԴ츳Ĵ˵еĴڰɣ
ʵ
ͷȻǵãһԴ츳ΪɫĴڣһһĴڡ
ɫصԴڣһλײβĴ⣬֮µߣһΪ߸Ρֱʿࡢ˧ʡۡ𡣡
߸Σһ֣ǳֱ֮Ӧʺɫ
ʡ
ǡ
˶ͷ
ȻҲڶԴһЩȷ֪
Ǹ˵еĴڣԴǿĴڣӦþǡ𡱣ܱ֮ŵɫǳ֮Ĵڡ
ˣ
ֿˣʣ֮ڣԴ屾⣬а˸ɫԴô£
Ļ˶ЦˣģΪﵽĳεıǡͻƵһ࣬ͻ֣ᷢ˸ɫԴһγһɫסԴ屾塣
һ˵Ϊһ࡯ˡȻٴͻƣᷢ¶һԴɫԴԴ屾һɫԴ塯ʱǶࡣ
ںĲΣԴƣһġ
˵ĽͣȻȫԼ˼֪Դλ֡
ڣֻͼʿ
Ҫߵ·кԶ
ˡ
￴ˣʵҸճԴ֮ͨʱ򣬷ĸɫŹ׵Ҫץҡʲôˣ
һƬġ
һ˵

Щɻ󣬡Ǹʲôģ
һרŽյԴץסȻ͵פصĿȥɡԴ񾧿󡯡ǣһҲץǧ꣬뿪
˵ʱ򣬶һۣ·Щ¡
Ƕ£Ƕԣס


610 
ǧꣿ
ԣ̲סզ࣬ʲôҲ̫Եˡ
뵱뿪ͳǧꡭӦòǰˡ
һ˶ǸԼԴ崫Ĵڡ
ڣΪƶҡ
뵽Щ⡣
Ͼһ̶ϣġǰ
ֳԽǰĸоʵͦˬġ
ˣ츳òҪⱩ¶򣬱Ȼ⵽һЩǿڵļʣӶ֣ɱҡС
һˣ
һҲͷΪȻȷʵرЩ𼶱Ĵڡͷ»һ츳֮ˣԵɱϾǶϣٳһ֮ϵĴڡ
˵ĻĬ
νڵͺһֱ
ˣԴ磬ǷܶȡԴ壿
￴ˣɻʵ
ԣҡͷǲܵġԴ壬ھԴͨʱ򣬾ͱ뱾˰һ𡣾㣬ɫ츳ԴǣҲ޷ΪУҲС
Ȼһ뵽˸ղŵĸ룬Ҳһۡ
ˣǸղʲô
˸ղŵ£һˣˣǱˡ
һˣҲǡذ硱ǷһĨֻ˵ģͺ˵ҵòĶҲõ
ذ׼ڵʱŅֱ֣̀ȡһö˸źĹʵ
Źʵ֮ϣ̲żΪǿ
ǣ
ɻ
ˣǡԴǡʿԴΪǾʿãһԼһΪԸһǷãֱͻƵʿ
ذ˵
Ŷ
ĿһԴþԻع
룬ǷӦýԴأ
ڳ˼ǵʱǸԴˣһҧԴݸ˳ˣöԴ͵Т˵ġ
ţ
ԣĿһǾͶлˡ
ҲûпֱӽӹԴ˵ֱȥ
ʱĸӦһǿԼ֮ڣֱӿԴ屾֮ڡ
Դ屾壬һ㵭ĳɫ֡
ɫԴ壬ȴɫġ
ɫԴ֮ڣɫԴıϵһɫȻһ˿˿
ʱɢ

ɲǼ䣬ͷһ󶯵
ڵı仯
ǰ˸ԴȻֱɫԴϵĳɫ£ȥԶԶȥͺǾſײһ𡭡
䣡
һµɢ
ʱ﷢֣Դҩȫˣ׼ȷ˵ǱԴա
ɫԴı棬һ㵭ĳɫ

ع΢΢ȭ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣ֮ζ۳һɫǳ֮
һĻվһԵ˶ɵˡ
󡭡ˣͻˣ
ذ翴ųһ˼飬ͺڿһ
츳ĺôӡʿֱͻƵһ࡯ȫԴҩ
һĿ⸴ӣһĽ
Ҳ֪ðɡ
ﵭһЦʵһǿԿ϶Դҩȴһ˿©ıԴˡ
ˣ
ͻȻ﷢֣ذɫأ׷㡣
ذһ̬óһ㶣ûзӦ֮ǰһҲˣҽСҲ׷㡣
ôʲôѧң
ذüһۡ
ߣ
һ˿ذ硣
ǸҸʲôҶԴ磬زġڶ֪ȥġ
ҡҡͷ˵ľЩơ
ˣ˽һƬ򣬾һ֪һЩ
Ҳǡ
ذæڡ
Ŷ
ԣĿһתһ룬·ҲУǾʱ߰ɡΪ·ǾãӦȥģ
ˣڿȥӪء
ذ罨
һԵҲΪȻǰˣȥ˰ܵõᡭڰ棬ʿ֮棬֮ˣܵõߵĽ

üǲǸйϵ
ǡ
ͷǰˡ
һۣǰ˿ϵҵģ뻢𣿡
һԴͨչֳʿΪ϶Ҳİס
ʱһϣܻٲ
˭֪ذĻ̲סЦˡ
Цʲô
üЩ˵˼
ˣ֪ƿ߾Űپʮſڵһ򡭡İһ㶼פƬġôȥģǰĴӪ
ذ绺͵
ԣô˵ұֵĿԣΪ㣿
ǡ
ذͷ
˰ѵҾûطȥˣ
ﻹǲ̫Ҫȥ֮һĻᣬȻǰбѡĻ
ˣȻһ࣬ԴǿơˣҲ͵ڰܱ֤Եİȫ·һЩӣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
Ȱ
ͷǾȥ
ذ硢һǰӪʱ
պ
ڳǸԴͨڵҪȵˡ
֮ǰ뿪İҲˡ
ǰһ׳˶ϵˣն䡣
ˣ
æ͸¶ľη
أ
ɫһʡ
ˣˡ
һذЦ
ô£
Ŀ΢䣬
æǰ£һһˣˣҲû뵽ճʵôǿɱһˡǲȻҲ
˵ϣ¶˿Ц
ôΪǲͲ
ɫһĿ΢䣬˸Ĺһ̣һݶĶߡ
ɫ䣬һֱۣӸ
ӣ
֪˶ɱˣ
֪˵ƢģҲһ
Ϊӵˣ
ɫһͷ֮ϣ˲ߵɫǳ֮
һ̣⣬ϷӶת۾ʹ͸Ӵܵˡ
˵崩͸
Ȼˣһǿġ񽫡
ճԴͨǾʿһ죿
ɫһһҪϻȥ˧ˣ


611 ڷ
ذ硢һǰ;档
ﵹҲÿ
ķɶڵ棬Ҳޱȡ
磬ȥİʲôΣհɣ
ɶʵ
Ӧòᡣ
ҡͷһЦңȥΪҵĿľΪЩΪġ
ɶͷ
Դ磬;ʮ꣬ڵִ˰ڵ
ˣǰǰµĺڷˡ
ذ翴ǰ˵
ڷǣ
̧ͷȥڷǱǰĳУҪöࡣ
ңƽʱʲộɵڷǸȴԿˡ
ذ߽˺ڷǡ
ڷڣ࣬˺߽ܿһҾ¥
ڣҲǳԴͷˣԴҲ˽⣬֪ԴڵͨңǡԴ񾧡ڸߵλʯ
ܿ죬͵˼ˡ
һٷҲӶ˵ĿУ֪һЩйذ¡
ˣһҺҲ׼밵㡣
ذ˵
ͷȻ֪ذĿģ޷ǾҪҵһɽԼͨɽõһЩôѡ
ܿ죬վȥҾ¥ƹһ󣬷Ż
ˣҸղʹˣһεĿˣڰ󡣡
Գ˵˾ηԽ˽ԽǾλ˲ֻʵˣ棬Ҳ
ֻҪλܽ밵ȻΪеٮٮߡ
պ󣬳ΪҲֻʱ⡣
ԴУûһ츳ֻһɽܸõĻҲܵõõĺô
ͷ
극˾ڳһסס
ȴŰİ鵽
ڷĴϣĿĸоԴı仯
ƿҪ롮࡯ˡ
ϣ¶Цݣ±˫ۣ

˫ۣʱ֮ڱɫƵԴ壬Ҳڷֳһɫķ
˳ͻƵˡࡱΣ
ˣ
ʱذ
򿪷˳ȥ߰ɣ
ܿ죬˾˰ĴӪҲںڷǺһ滷ɽϿ֮ڡ
ҪȴҲв˷Ӷ
Щ˶뿼ģ
ʵͻȻãⰵԴƺҲô򵥣񣬾ȻôҪС
ǵģˡ
ͷԴߣûʵһ㶼ѰһЩ簵һͳˣεĴڣ˵Ǿ

ԣҲ΢΢ݡ
ֻ֮࣬ϣ˧˧֮ϣ
ĴӪܴ󣬳һ·ҲǸһߡ

ڳǰߵʱһͻأӺ洫ٲȻһ˿䡣
ͷͿһ˺һ˲Ǹ˵ϣֳһĨɫ
ʱҲˣɫ䣬Ȼû뵽ˡ
ذü˭
ȻȥҲЩìܣһ׷ԺҲͷԹޣԼѡ
ڣҲо˲ԡ
û뵽㡭
˵ϣ͸¶һ˿аͷ񣬶ͺڿһˣϣһ˿˿µϢǺ֮
Զ
ɫһĿ⸴ޱȡ
ǵҲӦһˡ
˻䣬磬һ̧֣Դ֮ХһͺХӹһ貵Ľâ
ͷ֮ϣ˵ɫǳ֮֡
ʿ
ɫһ䣬æǱӣԶ㾹Ȼͻˣ
û뵽ɣ
Զһӳ·𲻽ɱͲưոһ㣬ĹΪѸͣ
㣡
ذ綮ˣذϣҲһԶӳ
ʿһʿսһһʱҲǲ¡
ֻǣǸԶһˣȴɫһһ
һ̣̤ͷ֮ϣһǳ֣֮˸ųɫĹ󡭡
ԣһһࡣ
ֻǣܿͷ֣һɫӰǰ
ôʤǣ
ɫһ˳¶ɭȻɱ⡣
ߣ
Ŀ΢䣬һ̧֣һĳ嫵Դ֮Ƴ
䣡
һ̣˾ͱ˳ȥûзӦ
˱ֱˣ̧ͷųͷ֮ϵɫǳ֮ɫ䡭
࣡
һųĿ⣬˼ּɵ
һɨˣҲȥһֱӴذ硢Զռ֮С
䣡
һ֣ͽԶ˳ȥ
ԶҲˣʶʵɫѿޱȣɸҵ˻ˣʲô
ɫһŭⱩǣЩƲסˡ
ü
˵ȥں
һʱദȻ㲻ϽѣΪ£Լˡ
ҪȻӦ
Զٶһ仰ھͽɱ
￴ԶĿĮͺǾ֮Ѫ޵Զɫһ䣬졣
ԶһʶĻԲ޵ķʸ
ߣ
кذһֱ뿪
ˣлл
ڳһл
ﵭһЦԼˣһϵģֺαô
ԣмһЦҲһ׳ڳ֮£ԸΪ︶һС
ʵҲƿһԴĴڣյԴʱ緢Լȥ˫ȻҲԴڴͷ
ȥֻһʿҲĥ
֪ԴڣȥһǡǡڣǶ㲻ϣҲֻһס
һ۵ס
ԣڵԳҲǫԸӳ֮¡
΢ıһԼԼߵøԶá
ˣܿһĳء
ϡԿɫ׵ʿЩɫףﲢİԴͨʱϴһģһ
˻Уֳ⣬ٻǧ׼뿼ˡ
ܿ죬ֿ˺ԶԼǸһεˡ
ֻǣ˿ͺèһԶԶĶ㿪ˡ
ˣڿǳˡ
ذ΢Ц˳Ƹһƨ
ﵭҡͷһҲûнǰ·ϣͺһжֵһһ㡣


612 ɽ
˵һ󣬿Χһ
˵һΰҪǧʿ⻹Ҫնٸʮ򳤣ʮٷ򳤣ǧء
Ҳ˵ˡҲֻܻʮ򳤣ٷ򳤣ҲҪεǿ߲Żᡣ
࡭

Զһˣ۷׷ס
ٷ򳤣
˫һ
ˣ˵һΪİٷ򳤣ԵõһĽЩ඼
ذĿһĵ
ͷҾΪɡ
ܿ죬һɫ׵ˣնǧ˵ϿգĮ
ڣ˽лսʣµǧˣǰ¼ȡǾԼУֱ룬̭ûʵҲӣֻ·һ
Ȼһ䣬УһɭȻһֶ֣䡣
ʱһֽڵǧڡ
뿪֣ɻ뿪ΪһԱ
Į
˻˲䣬һȺ˾Ͷҽֱӵ¡
Ǹң
̧֣һ͵ϮʿɱȻߵذ˵
ǡ
æ˳ҲʶԼѡȷģҺгڣǱɣ
ԶΪҡ
ȻҲв༶ǿߣǺĬû໥
ԣڳһȺ£̭ܿһˡ
̭ˣа˳뿪ˡ
ʣµĶңǶԭء
ͣ
ź˿ڣͣ֡
ʱʣ֮ˣպǧˣ˵˵۹⾪ˡ
Ҳ֣ͣĿڵϵһʬϣǷһĨЦ
ЩˣȥһԼڵԴ壬ǳ͵Ĵڡ
ڣЩΪ棬ΪδԴ磬
ǡ
ܿ죬ͷ֣Щ˵ϣͻȻһգԼԼԿһЩԴ塱ǵڷ˳
š
䣡
֮ϣ˳һ𣬿µĲɢ绯һȦȦ
ЩȥϳֵԴ壬֧飬˻ҽ
ɫһ䣬ͫ
ܿ죬ַ֣ߵذƺûκκȻı飬ϰΪ
ʲô
ˡ
ˣڡ
˵һƽƺǰ֮£˿ֵһ㡣

һ㶡
ˣԴߣһЯԴԴ壬һ̶ϣԴƿߣһƿԴԴ罫棬ֻǣֱӴݻ٣ҲΧ򣬲һӰ졣
ذ粹˵ԣλĴˣΪ˲ⰵӪܵӰ죬ݻЩԴ塣
ԣȻһ
Ҳ˵һԴ磬ԼͺԴһ𡭡
ԼԴҲ
ͻȻ˼ּᶨ·ΣΪɶΪԼˣԼһҪúõĻȥ
ֻţԴܴڣԴڵһвܴڡ
һʱ䣬ֻоԼص
ǡ
ܿ죬ն£ˣֱԶ
˺ΧһȺһ𣬸ȥ
һȺ˸źһɽ֮ǰھɽһ࣬һɽޱȣ֪ͨδ
ʶӳȴʯ󺣡
Ƕȥ
˵ͻȻڳĶǧ˶һɻ
ˣǽȥҪʲô
ʱвͬʵ
ߣϻ˵ȥ
ɫһҪôȥҪô뿪Լѡ񡣡
ۿ˱ڳ֮ˣֻо
ʱмһ
⼸˽ɽͺʯ󺣣ûϢûһ˿һĽŲ
ҲȥڻҪҵ
һ˽ȥʧ
ߣ
ߣ

ʱѹѹȺ̽ɽ
ذһۣ˶վ棬ȴЩ
ˣ
ذ˳ǶԳհ
ﻹûüڣһ߳˶飬ˣһˣ뿪
뿪߰ɡ
ԣ˵ͷ˿Զ
ʱ˿̤
ֻǣ߳û
䣡
̧֣µХ˲˵ϣޡ
ں˵ͷ֮ϣҲߵɫǳ֮
ɫǳ֮
ͫһⲻǡ˧ı־
һߵ
Ҳ˵˵Ϊ˧Ρ
˧
ʱʣµɫǴ䣬û뵽˵ͱ
ҲһЩˣɽδ֪Ŀ־壬ںǿʵĿ־塣
Ҳֻ֪·ߡ
һɽ
ߣһ
ǰߣɣ
￴ذˣҡͷһЦ߰ɣǱѡ񡣡
ܿ죬Ҳ֮󣬽ɽ
ֻǣһȥͷ˷·׹޵Ԩ
ذ磬
̲סȴذ˺񳹵伣һ㡣
ֻˣκ
ǰҲһƬڰ
̽ĵǰȥǰһУȴԼ֮ڣûһ˿һ
ô£
̲סɫ䣬ȻڵɫԼҲ
ȫǺڰ糹
ûûˣҲûв
һжô
ﵽʲôط
鼤Խδ֪ģԽµġ
ǰһУңδ֪ġ
֪һ̻ᷢʲô£֪Լܻܲųȥ
ѡһɡ
̾˿Ҳ֪ûкҩɳԣȻˣͱĺ
һУԼѡġ
磬ôˣ
񣬳ڵķɫҲЩȻ
ɶһʱͷ˳ĲԾæʵ
һҲûֱӽԼԴľһһ˵˳һĿռ䣬òӣҲоָĴڣоڵԴ֮ʶҲûá
۾һƬڰҲ֪ǰ˧Ϊλǽôһط
ɶĻɫҲ΢䣬û뵽¡
磬𣿡
ɶʡ
ߣ
һ㶡
š
ɶͷ㲻˵Ǹطʲô޷ӦĿưɣͶߣ᲻ʲô֡
ԣƬ̣Ҳʶȷʵֻô
Ҳֻһ취ȡ
Ǹ˧ȥ
ֻǣ߼ǲ̫ܷ¡
嵹ǿԿơ԰ɡ


613 ǰĽ
ı壬λǸµɽ
ܵɶʼţȻＸͷ⡣
۾һƬڰ
һˣĻ£ѹǳᵽˡ
һ·ԼԶˣʱţҲЩ
ţǻһͨطôʱ䣬ֱܻܿӷ裬ָо̫ˣ
ڣÿһ̤Ըоһ˿ˮ¡
Ǽ
ܾãǸӦòԵ޹ǽ϶ʲôĿġ
ԣҪ֣
֣֣
ǰţ·ʱš
ȴǲ֪ͷ֮ϣī֮УӰվŽµһС
ǵԴ֮ʶȴûܵκεӰ죬ŽµһĻĻͺ۵Ĺڡ
ǵһá
ÿһ֮Уһڰ֮С
ųϵˣֻͷӬײЩˣڵء
ֻвһˣ
УһΪ򶨡
Сһﲻ
֮ϵˣˣһ̲סһ
ȷʵһࡣ
һ˵˵ͷһӡ
һУȻǲ֪֪ڿ
ڵĳʱ䣬˺£һУһֱǰš
ڣ֪˶ã￴Զľͷһ⡣
һĳ֣óﳹ׻ع
žǿ񱼶
ȻûˡԴ֮ﻹӲ֮ȫٷɳ۶ȥ
ڣԽԽ˳ȥ
ǰһ﷢֣Լ뿪һƬյĿռ䣬ͬʱҲоԼһԴ֮ˡ
عȴǷһˣһ΢Цϲ
ϲ
һ㶣ЩûܷӦ֪ʲôǣΪҪϲ
뵽ղŵǱϸֳЦڹϲ˿ຣ

ܿĿˡ
Ϊ̧֣֮䣬һö˸ųɫġǵһĽ
һ
һ㶣ڷӦ˹ԭղһУֻһ顣
ڵöõĽ
ûκγɣֱӽӹȥ
ѾǵյԴͷ࣬ȻҲϵóʲôõΪ
ɲǼ䣬͸оҩԴ֮ڡ
ɫƵԴ壬
󣬾ȻлһԴԴ屾תš
⡭
סˣࣿ
ԼȻͻΣ
ɵˡ
ʱַ֣վǰĺˣ΢Цʣͻ˰ɣ
š
ͷ
ԣЩȣ츳࣬öֱͻƵ࣬ǲġ
ͻƵࣿ
סˣȻͻˣȴͻƵ࡭
࣡
ҵԴ츳ȷʵ졭
һͬʱҲʼذԣԴڣвٶʲż֮ˣҪԼͱԼ츳
ǱҪʱڣҲǰչֳʵ
ﰵţһֱͻεϢ϶䶯ʱܻҪ̽Դ츳
Ը⿴ġ
һֱӱڵ̨ϣΪʸ֮Ĵڡ
ãұ͵˶ƿ
ͷһЦ
ѹ֡
ҲϾֻҪûʩչʵֻҲʵΡ
֪֮֮ǰǶ࣬ҲΪ֮ǰ֡
վһԣȴš
ܿ죬еڶ˳ҲõһööȻͳõһöһģƷȷʵҪԲһЩЧ˲١
ҲЩȣû뵽֮ǰ
ܿ죬ҲˣҲõһö
˶󣬳Ϳһ̧֣ɽһϡ
ʱɽ洫һĲ
ܿ죬һȺ̴ǵõָ
ˣ
ʱذҲˣһɻ󣬡ʲô
һ飬ѡǰˣ
ﵭһЦ

ذԣһںޣΪûǰ
ڣҲӳĿ֪˴ɽķϧһֱԭ̤Ϊ־壬ԭصȴ뿪
ˣֿպĿ飬ֱӳΪٷ򳤣ɲ뾺ǧ򳤡ʣµˣԭأϻǲʮ򳤡ٷ֮
кڳ֮뿪ɽһֶʣµ˵
һʱ䣬˿˵Ŀ⣬¶Ľ
ͣС
ذһͷں֮뿪
ܿ죬ں˵Ĵ£һɽϵĽȺС
Ǿȴˡ
˴һͤ˵һֱ뿪
֮ͤڣˮоƣһЩġ
ͦõġ
˳⣬Ҳˣһ£һ£Ǻ˵
һһһڶҲǸĩ೵ҾͲˡ
ˣҡͷһЦղǵ뿪ɽġ
ҽԣôƺ
˿ͺˣʵ

˶Ի˵˵ͷźͻһ˳

Ҳ˵˵ͷ
Һܺ棬ΪܵһĻ£ֹˮģ
ˣҲʵ
ΪһԼ߳ɽˣҲ֪Ҫ߳ɽжѣҲ֪߳ɽҪһЩʲô
ˡԡҲ濴ͺ˵뷨һġ
΢΢һЦ˵ҪлҵӡѣҲôã
ӿ
ԶĽĿ˳һۡ
ڳӵǲȡΪԼƿصԴƿߣһзԴڵĿռżˡ
Ҳ֪ǻһЩʲô顣
Ŀһ
֪
˵ͷȻҲһ档
һ߳ŵģһϣذ˳㲻ܳΪʮ򳤣ҲҪס
ԴӸղſôԴȥҲĸˡ
ЩˣԴƿߣǵϣһԴϣ
һҲζƿصԴҷ
ԴڵһУ֪ʲôκηӦͻҷˡ
ΣһҪԼ
Ŀ⣬ǰδеļᶨڵѾΪԼҲΪԼǶΪƿصԴڵ


614 
ˣƿصԴ棬һЩʲôĴڣ
ųԡ
ЦƿصԴ壬һΪ硭һ˽磬һɽ磬һ磡
磿֮ǰǸԴƿߵǹġ
ҡͷһЦͬΪԴƿߣԲµԴƿߵľ
˵ľǴͬС졣
ӱõԴĴУԼںĶȫڱ˿ٳԴ档
ǺԼٳԴ壬ΪҪԴ磬ҲҪһ̳˽ܡ
ҲΪ򣬲Դ緱
ƿصԴʲôģ
Ļɻʵ
ЦƿصԴ;ˡһΪ߽磬ֱ˽硢ɽ硢ħ硢硢ڤ硢硢硣
ôӣ
һȻٳ߸ռ䡣ԼٳԴ壬ӦҲģǰߵİɣҲ߸ռ䣿
ǡȴ㲻ϸӡ
ҡҡͷһ˵˿ٳǧռء
ǧǻеĵۡ
̲סզࡣ
ܿ죬˵Ŀ˳ϣóһȻ
ˣֻǧռ;ȳ˵Դ֮Ŀռ䣬ȴֲ֪ʲô顣
Ҫ֪
￴ˣЩȷʵ
Ȼ
æͷȻ˵
ҵԴ棬ռ䡭˵жٸҲû
ﻺ˵
ܿ죬ͷָԤĲ࣬Ժֱɵˡ
Ҳû£һԣڷ֮С
ӡ
ڣٴγ֣˴ߡ
ʱҲ˰ˡ
ܿ죬˾͹ˣҲʮŸٷ򳤡ٸʮ򳤡
ٷ֮ԶΪǧ׼ġ
ˣ
ذǶһĨЦ
ʮ򳤶ûо
һʮ򳤣޷
ﵭһЦο˵
ܿ죬ǧ򳤵ľʼӶʮ֮оˡ
ǧ֮Իּơÿˣʮһеκһһսʤһõһ֣һǿһ֣
֮ϣųȶʮˣȻ˵
ƣÿ˶ϣ
Ժ󣬳ҲȤҲ֪ڵʵǶóȫҲδܳΪǧ򳤡
֪ࡣ
ԣҲࡣ
˵ԣҲδǶ֡
ȴҲûвսܣȻս
Ȼʵս˵࣬Ҫʵ׾٣ֻɫǳ֮
󣬳Ļ֣ȻΪǧ򳤡
ˡ
ذƺҪο
ֻǣһڣ֪֮һ㣬ǵΪҵġ
ذԣ˵ͷ
ܿ죬ǧҲˣһˣǳʶ
һˣȴһˣһʵҲΡ
ܺáǧ򳤺Ͱٷ򳤵Ҳˣڿˡ
ں˵Ĵ£ˣ˰֮С
ڰӣտʼҲƽ
º

һŵ洫Ӫڵĳüͷһ壬˳ȥ
Ϊٷ򳤣ԼӪʡ
ܿ죬ͷſڽĲǱˣǺ϶ġԶֻǣڵԶһˣߣһˣ˲Ǳˣǧ򳤡ա
գǰһΪǧ򳤵׺ӣҲࡣ
ǧ򳤻񣿡
ԶһС˵־ģϸЯſЦݣͺԱߵĺղǧ򳤣ǧһ㡣
ǧ򳤣ǣ
ȴûȥԶ˵ԶֻһСɵǺա
࣬ɲǿЦġ
Щ֣ԶڣѵǺͺմĳЭ飿ҪԼ֣
ΪԶͺ֮ǰ͹ϵǳԶСǼ˼ܵôá
Ҳ˵ӦȷʵǴĳЭ顣
Բסˡ
տĿƣɢһµϢ
ͬʱߵɫǳ֮Ҳʼںյͷ֮ϣʢ嫡
ںյϣԴ֮·ʱХųͺɱȥ
ǧ򳤣
ʱһͻأȴһӰӶ˳ǰ
ôˣߣ
￴ˣüôҲû뵽Ȼˡ
ˣΪҲŵԶģ£Լɡ
һԶԶǸˣ͸ҵ
ҲڸһͻƵ˰ʿԶ
ԶĻȴ̲סЦЦЯŲ⣬ƺûи״Ҫ㵥𣿡
ͻƵʿϢȻҲ˵ˡ
ȷʵŰɱ
ɫһų򣡡
ô˵
Զ˵һ¿ˮ̵ģգұҪѵѵ֪ԶҲǺǵġ
˵Զһ˫˸źݶһ̣һˣһߣһ˲ľ綾ߡ
оԶĿ⣬ɫһ
Զੲݣ
֪нգǰӦóֽԶɱˣҲ󻼡
ÿ
յĿ⣬ĮޱȣϣÿҲһ𹥻ļơ
뿪
ͺһ
һȻҡͷˣô࣬վҰ㡭գҵҪǧ򳤵мＸ
ƣղЦмＸﻹûʸ֪ȻҪҾһ̣
֮䣬տ粽绯һա
ɲǼ䣬һµԴ֮һȭһȭӡֱ

ɫһ䣬ǰץͶһߡ
ۿǿµȭӡХ䣬Ŀһ䣬η壬ӭȥ
䣡
Ҳһȭ˲
Σ֮ʣｫһʵȫ˳ĵɫǳ֮趯
û뵽ٷ㾹Ȼͻˡ
յ͸¶һ˿˿ľȣǰûͻƣһ
յĻóɫһɱȻ
𣿡
ڳＴͺնԺʱһĮͻأ
ţһХԴ֮εĽâֱӽյȭӡ顭
һɫӰ˳ǰ

տˣüͬΪǧ򳤣İ
ֻǣڿͷ֮һŵİ˵ɫǳ֮ɫһ䡣㡭ͻˣ
ĿҲֵʱϳ
Ҳ֮һŵİ˵ɫǳ֮
ǰı־


615 
ǵã֮ǰֻࡣ
Ҳ˵ʱ䣬ͻˣͻƵˡࡱΣ
Ӷ˳ǳƽӣӹգգҵѡҪȻң
һĿ˺һۣû뵽㾹Ȼͻˡ죬Ҿ͸ӡ
˵ֱ꣬ȥ
ǧ򳤣ҡ
ԶԶɫһ䣬Ҫȥ
ֻǣ뿪
Ƿ񶨵ġ
һ绯һ磬˺ת۾͵ԶǰԶ

Զɫ䣬һۺʧʵıӰɫΪѿҪΣ
ҪΣ
ǷһĨЦһ̧֣Դ֮ӿڰУʮ͵Ϯٷ򳤣õ
û͵Ϯ㣡
ԶĻ֪Ҫһɫ䣬һ֡
û͵Ϯң
ͻȻЦˣЦЩ䣬û͵Ϯ𣿡
ˣԶ͵Ϯ㣬ҿ֤
һԵ˵

Զɫ䣬ֿǧ򳤴ˣԩңҲˣ㡭
ôһʮ򳤣͵Ϯٷ򳤣ɱٷ򳤡Ʊ磿
ԶĿƽԼһ˿˿ĺ⡣
㣡
Զɫ䣬ʶղž˵ѡ

Դ֮޴ӡХ䣬ֱӽԶɱ
ԶԴڣ֧飬Ȼ޴档
ôǺգ
һɻ
Ҳ֪
ҡͷ
ʱ

ӪϿգһȵӰ˲֮ϡ
ţӰβ
ˣóڳǰ֮ϣ˲䣬˲ԤС
¡࣬
ʱ˵еһˣըףȻ
¡ࣿ
ɫһ䣬ⲻǰͳ죬λǿ
ȻҲһʱ䣬ȴҲûм¡ͳ챾ˣһֱֻ˵
ˣ¡ͳģ
˺⡣
ߣ
Է֣ԼԴ壬ҶͺǸӦĪΣָоӵģóﲻɫ䡣
ĸоԴĲ
ûκγɣһһֿסһֿסԴ֮ϣ绯һڵ˲˰Ӫ֮⡣
ذϣ
Ѹڶͬʱﱩһͼذ硣
ֻǣذӪʣȴûκζ
뿪Ӫ˲䣬һµĹ֣˲ƽضӪڡ
ˣڹ֮⡣
ڳ˺ȻĿ£ɫƵĹ֣͵һһɿµ˲ŰӪ
գ֮䣬ҵĽӰӪ̼Ȼֹ
ΪӪȫ
סˡ
Ҳɵˡ
ղŻúõİӪһ޿ӣ޿֮ϣݲɢһŹֵζ
ȫˣ
ˣȫˣ
Ŀ⣬ڸ߿֮ϣǸֵ˵ϡ
ͷ֮ϣŵɫǳ֮һš

ͫһҲˣɫ׷״䡣
Ȼô£
ָ䣬Ӫشݻ٣аʿɱˡ
ಣ
ʱǷ֣ڰӪصķ֮һǱӰ
һɫ׵ˣ˵ɫѿɢһɷƽ㾹һҰ
¡࣬ҵ˵Ҷƽ㡣
ղųֻٵӪصӣҲǶƽƽĿųˣھͳ조¡ࡱЦ˵
ƽҪ
¡౩ŭϿµԴ֮ͷ֮ϣҲ˾ŵɫǳ֮
һ
ĿɿڴߵҲòȥһ͡
ǰһĻ˾͸оΣǰһУôʵ
ǵʶȴǣһжģΣ
֮ǰǺ֣ڣֻǼ֣һһǾеٮٮߡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

֮ϣµˣٶȡ
ֱƬ֮˱˴˷ֿ
¿˵Ӱﲻһÿ죡
͸ղŵһɲǣƽ˲ʮΡ
һ̣ͻȻоԼôС
ǰͺһֻϡ
ָоѾܾûйˣǵãָоֻеԪڵʱǵ֮ʱųֹ
ڣǧ֮ˡ
¡࣬Ȼ͹ȥһڵңѾǹȥǸˡ
ƽ¡࣬˵գɣ
ƽԲѣ
¡Ц
ҴԲѣ
ƽЦˣߵˣλ鷳ˡ
ģֵܼȻҪ㣬Ȼʳԡ
еһˣ˵ͷһˣҲĿĮĶ¡ࡣ

ɲǼ䣬˵ͷ֮ϣҲԳ˾ŵɫǳ֮

ңңĿһĻɵˣоһľ
󼯺
ĸ
¡ɫڱˣƽ㵹ǺôӣȻ붯λλƽʲôôҿԸ˫
¡Ȼǰͳ죬ƽʱ߸ϣײβһ̣ȴҲˡ
¡㲻Сһ
˶һۡ
ߣ
ɫһʶ֮£Ҳûô򵥡
ͳˣҲ׶༪١
ʵ֤Ĳȷ
䣡
ͬʱĬ֡
ɲǼ䣬¡ը䣡
죬˻ͷ֮һֻۣǰͳ¡౻һĻ
ôˣ
ǰһûκλ֮
һ˿˿⡣
£̫ˣͳ¡࣬Ǵ˵еĴڣײβãȴҲûܼ¡һ档
ֻǼ¡࣬ǿ¡౻ɱһĻ
뵽ղ¡ŵ̬ҪһĻһ˿ݡ
ǰͳ죬Ȼڸղŵһ̣Ϊ棬ȴҲֻܷ̬
ˣοˣ
ʱó˵ĵһĻҲˣ֮ϵʮҲʲôĿ⣬֮ϺХ䡣
˵ϡ
ã
ɫ䣬Ȼ١
ɫҲǼΪѿɪɪ
Ȼǰ࣬ķӦûκ


616 Ͼ
񣬳˼Ʋ
ȻҲ֪ߣҲδߣǰǲѵĻᡣ
ǰ˵һ㣬ǿ϶硣
󣬸ղǳＰʱӦ뿪˰Ӫأ˱ɡ

Ȼϯ䣬ת˲֮䣬䵽˳˵ͷ
˼ˣʱ
ĳ֣ʮ
ǷЦǰĸоԼ̫Сˡ
ֻǣĲ
һˣԴҲҷ
ԴڵһУҲҷ
ղţ뿪ģ
һ˵Ŀ⣬˳ϣĿУһ˿˿Ц⡣
˵Ŀ⣬ףղԼС˿
һ𺳣Ҫ֪뿪ʱʩչӪء
ɼˣԷǷС
ôôǿ
ǡ
һ˵ͷ֪Ҳûá
ܲ
˳һۣߵˣ˵ͷ
һ̣Ӱ˲ʧڳ˵ǰ
Ӱȥ٣
ۿȥ˶̲ס˿ֱ̱ڵأϵĴŴһ¡
̫ˡ
ͷϻð亹Σſ˵ȵġ
Ҳ˵ϣҡҡͷˣǰòŴӺҡ
˵գڹĲˡ
һ̾Ŀ⸴ӣ뵽ղŵһĻЩ¡
Ӫأ˵ûûˡ
ذҲ
ǷһĨЦȻذǰͷԴ׷˳ԺȴǺذΪѡ
ذôûˣҲһ˿ˡ
̾˿ذҲЩΡ
ذϵʱӪ𣿡
뵽֮ǰԼذʱӪƺûκζ
ɡ
ЦʱذϲӪУȥСӵдȥˡ
д裿
ҡҡͷһ˿ĸˡ
ڰҲûˣʲô㣿
ɻʵ
֪һһɡ
ҡҡͷӹһ˿ãԴ磬ҲϤ
Ҳ֪ȥʲôطǾͬУ
ʡ
ٺò
ͷһЦϾǰ࣬·Ҳܶ༸ְȫıϡ
߰ɣ
Ϣһ뿪̡
Ǹߺ󲻾ã˾˴˵أӪرݻٳɷԺЩɫһ䣬ʲôˣȻһٽˣ
ܱԶʤպǿ
ȻȴǱ𣬲ڣκ˶ԣⶼһ˵Ϣ
뿪Ժ󣬾һ·ȥ
ǰ𣿡
￴ˣɻʵ
ûС
˶ҡͷȻԴȳ磬ȴҲûгԶţҲڰ
ϾԶţ൱ҪټΣգԴﶼһЩӡ
ЩӣʵǿϲԹ֮˳֣Ȥǽɱˡ
ȻǲķӣԴеġߡ
ɱģʲôҰޣͬΪԴ񡱵Ĵڡ


һº󣬳˵һġߡЩߣʵˡ
˳ԺǶ֮䣬֮ͷ֮γһɫǳ֮
Уǿࡣ
ҲжΡ

֪˵ʵд󶨣Ŀɨˣ
ߣ
ֻǣԷôζ׼Գ˳֡
Ŀһ䣬ǰһͷ֮ϣ˵ɫǳ֮۳Ρ
࣡
˲߸ɫ䣬
ߣ
Ϊ׵Ǹ࣬һת׼롣
ߣˣ
ˣǰϣͶ֮䣬ͱɱ
ʣµߣǿҲ࣬תֱɱˡ
ʣµˣڳֵ֮£Ҳһһ¾һա
ȡսƷʱ򣬳﷭һŹֵľᡣ
žᣬɫùŹ
ô
ɫһɻ
㿴
ｫľ˹ȥһͼ׼ȷ˵һСĵͼСĵͼϣһС㡣
ͺһšرͼ
⡭
סˡ
ҲóɣôһСط˭ҵõң֪ž῿ס
ҡͷһЦЩмһˡ


ô
ɻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôֻǣҲ֣ĿЩ֣ͺ뵽ʲô
طӡ󡣡
Գ˵
ɵˣӡɼǵʲôط
Ҫ롭
˫һ˼
Ҳû
ˣʲôˣ
ߣϼɻ֪ʲô£ֻȡսƷȻͺ໥֮˹ӡ
Ҫˡ
Цһ˿Цζ
ƣ
ԣ̲סһ㶣Ȼ֪⻰ʲô˼ˣ˵ʲôǸйأ
ȻҲ⵽Ķ
š
˵ͷھ͵ǷǸط
ȻҲǸ᲻̫ףȷʵܹϣһ㲻ɷϣڣ֮ϣһ˿˿ϢЩϢһֹ˳һֲɣĸо
á
ˣ
˷ܡ
ţ˻ͷ·
µʱ䣬һƬƫƧĻĮ֮ϣһƬĮκ̡

ܿ죬ָҲˣԶһɽѾɽΧʯ֣;ͼϵļһģһ
Ǳߣ
һľᣬкһֱӵִʯһࡣ
ԺУҲӹĵͼֺǰطȴغ
ô֪ط
ɻʵ
Ц׷ɱڸعһƬʯ֣һЩӡ󡣡
յ£ͺһˣ·Ѿȫ¡
ġ
ҡͷһЦĿʯֵһƬϡ

ڳУԴ֮ӿȻ£ڵϺһ޴ĿӶ
Ӷ֮£ȴǿյģ
һͨ
ýһ˿Ӷ֮ϣһУЩ˵
ߣȥ
Ŀһкһֱӽͨȥ
һƬڣȻڳ˵ûʲô
ﲻ񵱳ڰǸɽûκνǵ


617 µĵ¹
ǰİڣ˿Ӱ첻˵ߡ
ʲôط
һɻȻϾطȴûκα˵Ҳ˵ڸ֪ʲô
˫һ˵ǽȥ֪ˡ
ܿ죬һ˽ȥ档
ܿ죬ǰһ˿óɢĿⶼǲǽµٶȿת۾ͨһƹ
뿪˵ͨһƬ֮С
ŷ֣ԭһһޱȵĴ񣬳ڴ֮һȱϡ
ʲôط
˷£ǰĴ
֮У̻ԻͣڴĸһЩ֣ÿһλȥһ㣬ǻȻһ塣
λϣһͨɫʴɵı
ͻȻͷ֣ȥеһ
ɲ֮䣬һ˿ļµĸоæ𶯣
ֻϧĻվˣѾ˵档
ɲ֮䣬ǵһһ˫նӣͻȻ˸ɫĹ
һ񣬾ȻĻ˹
һ޵ĵ˹һ˫ɫӣ˸ĹֱӶ
Сģ
ɫһ䣬ѵ
ʱҲѾӦ˹һٺӡ
ʱ޵Ѿڡ
ʱͷ֮ϣ֮ζ۳ĵɫǳ֮
ֻ񣬾Ȼ
䣡
ٶȼ죬ǰȴ׾ٶ࿪ݺݵײһϡ
ߣˡ
ͺһӹһ˿м
СģҲˣ
ۼ⣬˱޵еεһ˫նӣҲɫĹɫһ䡣
ţ
ˣ˼ĿһĻЩһ¾ͻ˲ɣ

ʱĿһεһԼ޵ı
ɲ֮䣬ӹɫȻ˳һε˫֮䡭
޵ˣЯε
һΣͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮
࣡
ɫһ䣬û뵽Щô¡
ղŻֻε޵ںε֮󣬾ȻֱΡ
̧֣Դ֮۳Σһǹ
ಣ
ǹӳ˲εϡ
ֻǣֻһûܵκεˡ
ôܣ
ǰһĻһĲ˼顣
ʱεԦµ޵񣬳
ɫһ䣬æÿ
ߣ
˫һһͷΨһһţ˹ȥ

ҿǸϽȥŴ򿪡
Ҳһ㣬æ˵ڿɲֱӸų˹ȥĵǿž͵òʧˡ
ʱ񶼽ת
һ֮ǰȴָ򲻿ȴţźܹŹ֣͸¶һ˿˿Ϣ
򲻿
˼Σ㶯ȫ˿
ˣ᲻ʲôһĶ
˵ͬʱһ˫ӣһ˿˿⣬ʼΧ۲ʶɨ
ԣüʶҲɨ
ֻǣȴֲκζߡ
뿪Ŵ򲻿
кһ𣬶˵
ã
æӦһų
Ȼʱ
䣡
һȴϷȱ֮ͻȻһʯţʯźȻ£ϵȱڵסˡ
ಣ
һȭԴ֮һ𣬼̶ڶֱʯ֮ϡ
䣡
ʯ˿ֻһƵóﲻɫ䣬ü͵Ĳʣ
ףԲһʯš
ʱҲˡ
ԣ
֪֮УʵǿǷܳȥֻ
䣡
Դۣ֮һǹǹ趯Х綾˲ʯ֮ϡ
Ȼʯ˿
ɫ䣬ãʯŵĲʣЩһģ
ɫҲȫˡ
Ƿĵط
ﾪȵһ䣬ͿʼĴѰԴۣ֮һȭȭȴ֣ûá
ΧȫǿµĲʣܴݻٵġ
ǱҲһɫҲѿ
඼ǣ͸˵ˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱ촫˺ܿͷ֣ˣȴһ޵ε񣬱ڶڲϵĻĵ
ϽȥǷܺ俪һš
ɫ΢䣬æ˵
Ŀ⣬Զһȴ֮ϣڣҲֻпܺ俪һȴš
ȻἫΪã
һҲû취˽ձؽɥڴˡ
Ϊѵεġ
ʣµĵһЩǸǿĴڣ϶ǿĴڣ޷ٵǣ൱˲֮
Щǿĵ񣬳һ
ˣɱһš

ʱ䶸һ˹һһֱĳìһ˫ֱ˿еĳ
һ˿⣬ֻоЩ
ͷһͷһĵɫ˲䡣
ʱˡ
һĳì˲ųХ
ͷ֮ϣҲߵɫǳ֮һ൱Ĺ
ɫ䣬һҪ㿪
ֻǣһ̣ٶĳìǰоԼٶô
Ҫ
Ӷͬʱһ˿ɬҲ¶˿Ц

ɱ;УȻͷһĻȴҲϲԮˣɫ˲䣬Ŀѡ
ȹ
ͽﵱ֮ڣǰֱܿӱɱ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һȴǸ֡
µԴ֮Űڵֱײ˳ϣﱻ΢ײһ˿
գ֮䡣
ۣ
ìƿն嶴ײڷϣֱ¡
ˣúû
ĿȻ¡

ɫ䣬ôҲû뵽ᷢĳ
ղΪԼɣ
˭֪ȴǰԤϵһ㣬ڵӳì˲䣬ײ
ڣˣȻȴҲΪأˣ
䣡
ȻأûϢ
ʱһֶų
ಣ
նֱӳ
䣡
ֻǣʱҲʱϵˣгǹӳֱӺڵϡ


618 
䣡
ȻûܵκˣȴҲһǹ˳ȥ
һ̧֣Դ֮ЯųֱӴš
ʱ򣬴еļҲ˳ˡ
ɫΪѿˣΪ
һʱЩʧ䡣
ಣ
ܿ죬Яųﵽ˴֮ǰһǹڴ֮ϣȴҲ˿
ɫѿǷһĨЦǽҪˡ
ԣĿһ
һٶȴǰĴţĿֻǣȴǼΪŹ֣κζߡ
ѵҪˣ
̾˿ԼѵҪôȥ
ģ
ģ
ɫѿ̲סͺһ
һԷθҲΪ֮һ
ͬʱַ֣Լ֮ڣԴ屾ƺܵ˲䶯
ɶ
ϣֿЦķҸɶǰһС

ԽԽƴֿһʱȴҲЩκβͳ
ֻǣʣµһֻȴڲϵĻĵ
ڣһֻǿĵһ˵񣬲ȣضɽҡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µֱ
￴ž˵ͷ֮ϵľŵɫǳ֮ǷЦ˾
Ǿ࣡
ҪǿĴڣܿĴڡ

̾˿΢ƣһΡ
֮£˵ǽҪˡܻôãҲ㲻ˣûǰӪرɱ
Цһ治
Ҳ
ҡҡͷԴ棬Ҳˣļˣӡ
ȻǰһУȴԼѡġ
ңڵˡ

ʱ﷢ڵԴ屾嶯ܿ죬Դ屾Լ˳͵һ
ǡ
ųڸֶԴ壬סˣرڿԴɫɵˣԴ塭ɫԴ壿츳ǿԴ壿
츳ǿʲôãҪ
Ȼ֪ԴΪʲôԼܳڳ￴һжҪˡ
ԣҲΪȻҲû֮ǰôˡ
䣡
ʱֻ˿ܣѾ˳ĸ
ֻҪٽһܽȱ⡣
Ȼһɲǡ
ˣ
Դ屾壬ͻȻڿһ۳һɫ⣬˴š
ɲǼ䣬Ŷһ͵ڴϻڳϣɫԴڣһ
һֻ̣оǰһ뿪ԭء
ٴλعȴǷԼѾڴڵһˣǺһߡ
ĵطһƬɭֵڣһƬ̡
ȻһȴţǴŵһߡ
ҲڳߣǰһĻסˡ

ʱԴ屾壬Ҳ»ص˳ڡ
ʲô£
һɻ󣬶ڸղŷ£һֻֻǵǳԴһЩʲô£ȴ벻͸ԴΪλ
ѯʣһɬΣҲ֪
ǲԴ𣿡
һ㶣ǸԴӦǳٿصģڳ˵֪
ΪԴƿߣԴžԵƿȨûԴ巽ȥ롣
ҵԴ岻ֻȴԼܳģ޹ء
̾ղŵһĻһһ˵˳
Լ
üչô˵Դǵ
ô˵
ͷԴ춯Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ԣ̾Ǵǿ츳ɫԴ塭Դ츳ôģ
ЦԴͨ
ɻĿ£ｫԼյԴʱһһ˵˳
һһҹ
סˣû뵽ﻹľ˵ԴͨһһҹҲɵˣֱһ̬ǳ̬
Ҫ֪˽ʱ
Ǳȴ˳ȥ
ɫ츳Ҳܵõġ
пҲԴͨЩ֣ûмųȥɼˡҲֻ˽Сʱͻĳȥˡ
ԣҲ̲סʱʱʱҲһǿĳЩͱȥˡ
ҺãҪͷסˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôط
վʼΧһУǶԣôİδ֪
ԣһΧһ̾˿ϧˡ˶лġ
ĳļ򣬡úûɡŲ
ͷڻЩ֮ǰһΪһì龰һҲˡ
ߣ
к£նֻǣܿ죬˵ֺȻ׹¡
ΪģΪ֮ϣƺһɹ֮ǣ¡

ô£
￴ͬʱҲڿ˶һɻ
ţһ˷طȻԷУӦʲôơ
˵
Ĳ²⣬ҲΪȻطȴǴ͸¶Ź֡
󣬳ҲֻܱѡУ
ֱ߽ǰɭ֮С
ɭ֣һ۸߼ʣȻڵסߵĴ
ĴһҲϲȻҲһ
˼ǰţĿġ
Ҳ֪ʲôط
ЦҪΪǸᣬҲ
ҾͲ档
ҲɿЦҪ֪ȿģҲҲᷢ£һҲͲˡ
Σһ˿
㣬Ҫ־͹ҰɣҪ˵ǵطҲ
ҡҡͷ£кܴΡ
ǵãﵱǾʱֻһЦϳǸطǴųȥĪ˵¹֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͻȻڳǰ治Զһضɽҡͺʲôɱ
ǰУСԼ٣һһôĺ棬
ʱǵĿԶԶһĻҲǵС
ֵֻɱֻޣһֻͨεɫͺȫˮɵһ㡣
һֻޣͨɫȫɻ湹ɡ
ʲô
ĿɿڴȻǰҲûмôֵ
û
ҡҡͷҲû


619 ھ
㶵ĿԶһĻ
ֻޣ۶ɣһˮһ
ֻǣֻأ
óǳ
ԴУѵ
һĺ档
ҡҡͷҲ֪˵ԴӦҲֻЩԴ񡯴ڣȴ֪Щô¡ֻЩǺ֮ǰЩĴڣΪɣ
пܡ
ͷ
ԶֻޣȻ죬ǵصХײһ
֮䣬ƾС
ֻǣֻͷֵǳ֮ȴһͷƤ顣
Ϊֻ޵ͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮
Ҳ˵ֻ޵ʵڡ˧Ρ
˧֮ϵĴڡ
Զǳܿ⡣

кһһ·ǱǰҺֻɱûʱȥ۲ΧһУǱȻΡ
˼ɭֵȥģ˿һɭĵĹ
һ㲻ϿȴһֲɣӵϢ̲סη
ߣ
۲һ󣬳ûзʲôߣ롣
ҲǾĿܣ¿֡
빬Կһļ̨̨֮ϣԿöͨһ˿˿εЩζóǲʳָ󶯡
һۣæȥȡһ̧֣һöֱӽץ
ֻǣҲˣܿͷ֣Ƕ˿ܴˡ
𣡣
ľ죬ڹ֮⴫Ȼֻɱޡ
ֻǣųҲֹͣɱڶء
ǵĺУűŭ
ߣ
ҵֱӳ˹Ҫ͸ִһͷʱȴһŹֵķ䡣
֮ⷿڣһƴڣһ˿˿Ĺ
ǾҲ㲻ǣȥɡ
һһڴĴڡ
ȻҲ֪ĻеûгɣæҲһ˽ȥʧԭء
ʧڴʱֻҲˣֻǣǿǰĴЩɡ
ǲûиȥ޶һۣ﷢ɱһ
ͺ໥ԹһԲϣ֡
̤ڴںֻоǰһڣٴ˫ȴǷԼһƬƽԭ֮ϡ
ƽԭһߡ
ʲôط
ϸֳһ˿˿ɻ

ڸһȴǷָûзӰ
ѵԴĳһ
һ
ڴƵĴڣѵ޲ͣûָĿĵأ͵ﶼģ
ɻͬʱҲʼ²Խǲ²⣬ԽǸоԼĲ²Ӧûд
ܿ죬Ŀеö֮ϡ
Щƺõ
ĸǳֳɫ
˧õ
ɡ
ｫöսָ˧õҩܳܵģǷ£ҲֻǱ³
ʲôط
һӶĴѰš
ҹĸ·ﶼûзһ˿һйټͺǳ˼һ㡣
ڣ֮󣬳￴̡
УͳһεӣӶ
ܿ죬ƺҲ˳ֻɨ˳һۣ׼·
λ
ۿˣȻ·Ļᣬæ׷ȥ
ţ
˭֪ȴһų
ӣһˣһЩ۵ĺ磬һˣʲ
£
ǿﲢûж⣬ӣʵ
λʲôط
￴ˣʵ
ھ򡣡
ɨ˳һۣ˵
ھ򣿡
һ㶣ǵãڵİӪأλڵġ
˵Դÿһ򣬶ޱߡ
ڵʱ򣬳˵ˣǵڵһٶȣ԰ӪسҲҪʱ䡭
Կ϶֮ǰڵĵ¹Ҳڵ
ڣôܵھˣ
𣿡
ӿԭأüͷһƣʵ
￴ӣǷһĨЦλжԶ
򣿡
üǵھ˵͵ڰ򡭡ʲôΪ
ࡣ
˵
ࣿ
ҡҡͷǲҹ˵ҲҪʮʱ䣬ִܵ򡣡
ʮꣿ
Цֻǣתһ룬ڻصƺҲ壬ڵʶˣҪôˣҪôʧˡ
Ҳ֪ȥʲôط
ֻҲ͵˵ĳ
λƺ·ˡǿܴҵ̵ĵط
￴ӣʵ
Ѿˣ˾ܾںţҲҪȥ
ʺƽԭʱ䣬ûпһ˿̡
ò׼ˣ뿪Ļᡣ
Ӷһۣ˵ͷͺһ߰ɡ
л
æлŶˣһ·߷ȥ
·ϣЩӿʣôƺ
ҽг
΢΢һЦ
ӻһЦҽﻢô·
ԣӹ˵¹£ֱ˵һֵĵطƺڴõƣֱӾͽҴ͵ˡ
ĻﻢĿɿڴ
ҲУ
ɻʵǴӵ͵ģ
š
ͷ뵽֮ǰһĻҲЩп
ΪǸϾʲôܣȴ֣ԭһ·
Ҳ
ֹˣҲֻǵõö˧õһ㱻ֵֻɱ
óѡ񣬳ԲٽǸط
ȥǸطʲôͬ𣿡
ʵ
￴óڳִĵطܸȤ
ֻǣǱʶȴǾã¹£õ֪ܾǸ¹򵥣ȻڵʵȥҲ
֮ǰһĻҲµһЩ¡
ֻޣҲǵ¹һ֡
ΪĳЩ˿ɳ֮˼̨ϵ
Ǹ̨ƺҲ򵥣ͺڹһΪǿĴڡ
Ȼ̨ЩһʶҲͲ֪ʲôĴڡ
ûʲôͬ
ҡҡͷ


620 
ǱʶﲻԸ˵ʵ顣
ԣĿ˳һۣҲûٶʡ
ʲô㣿
ﻢʵһ·ҲֳͣҲܺƢ
֪һһɡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҪȻǻص
ﻢ̽ʵ䲻£֮⡣
ص
ɻ󣬲֪ﻢָʲôȻҲóﻢϵķͳһģƺĳ
ԣصҺǵھ򡮾°ʮһ֮һġĵӡһ뿪Ϊһû뵽ʱˡ
ﻢ˵ͷٺһЦ
ڶﻢҲһ˽⣬֪˶࣬ʵס
Ҿ͸ǻȥ
˵ͷ
Ҿ͸˵һǺǺȻ㲻ϴȴҲСھµİʮһ֮УҲλǰʮĴڡ
ﻢźģ⺮һ˽⡣
˵һ죬˵һ͵֯
֯棬ƽʱ˳ŽӣȡһЩڵеĵȥȡɡ
ںڣҲǿƣĵһλ˵ǡ
Դ˳ﲢȡ
ѡ
ڵԴӼĴ󣬶ھµĴڣѾû̫ĸоˡ
Ծһһ
ǺΪӡٵĽ·һΪߡǣΪɢߡ
ﻢ˵
ߣɢߣ
סˣʲô֣
ﻢĽ£Ҳﻢ˼
ԭյĵӣѡΪߡǡɢߡ
ɢߣֻǹ˺ӵŵӣҡȴᱻӡ
ɢߣһ㶼츳һĴڡ
ߣÿһյĵӣѡΪߡ
ֻǣȴҲôõġ
ߣʱ򣬻һβԣԳΪԺ󣬺һޡ
֮ڣܴﵽҪ󣬾ͻᱻΪɢߡ
Ȼһ̵ͬʱܶδﵽҪչֳ츳ġߡҲǻչˣÿһʱ䣬ȥȡ
Զɢܱȵġ
꣬ҸյʱҲΪߣǺĵһҪҾûдﵽԣұΪɢߡ
ﻢ£Ϊп
ͷ
ţﻢֿһԵǺĺﵽ˺ĵһҪҲߵĴʮꡭֻϧڶҪȴûдﵽҲΪˡɢߡ
ԣҲ̲ס⺮ϸ΢츳Ҫ󣬾ͻߡС
ﻢĿУҲ֪ƽʱóʲôģֻҪˡ
ˣܵõĶҲԶɢ߶ࡣ
ߣǺڹ
ɢߣһֻܿԼȥƴ
츳Σ࣬˶೤ʱ䣿
ﻢʵ
꣬ʿʱͼ˺ֻϧһҪûﵽͱߡС
ң
˫һȴҲûʵʵ˵Ҳ˵ﻢţţ϶ҲỳɵԼɫԴ츳֮ϡ
һһɡ
˵ʱ䣬Ӧù˰ɣ
ڣЩڣӦһ˶ãҲûоĲա
һꣿ
ĻﻢĿ⣬˲˳ϡ
ﻢ˿ĭʵȷֻһꣿ
￴ﻢиֵĺȻʶһܻ̫ˣæĿ˵ʵһҲֻҹƵġʱұչؾˣԼҲ֪ʱ˶á
Ļﻢɫﻢ˳һۣѵûʲô𣿡
ҡͷԴһֱǶûѣҲ֪˶áȻ֪Դڵʱ˶á
Դڵʱ䣿
ﻢҡͷʱ䣬Դʱȫͨڻһ𲨶Ϊο
ڵԴ屾壬Ƿתɳɫˣ
˵ﻢһڴĿųɫԴ츳ѾǼΪ˵õĴڣǷڵĺ츳Ҳࡣ
ֻתһ֡
ɫ
һ㶣ⲻԴ츳
ȻҲ֪ɫ츳Ȼ츳ôҲ츳
ɫ츳ûУǾǲ츳
˵ͷתɳɫˡ
ת˶٣
ﻢʵһ˫ѩԴ屾츳һɲת˳ɫֳɣںڣһ·ͨҪ󣬳Ϊߣǡ
ֻˣպлΪĳϣӵ޾١
˵ﻢһͺѾΪ˺ĳһ㡣
һ
ãۿﻢ˹˵ͷˡ
ɣ
ɲǼ䣬ﻢ˫һ
û뵽츳ôߡܳΪǺġߡˡ
ﻢпԺҲһĴ
˫һ˵ͷ
ǸʲôҲһ˿Ȥ
ǺߣӦòֻΪΪĳϰɣ
ͻȻʲô̲סʵ
ԴԴ޾
Ǻĳϣôһֱ
Ȼǡ
ﻢҡҡͷЦʵǺ֮ԴߣҲΪ˺桭°ʮһƽҲ治ϣÿһʱ䣬ֶһ֮ΪӣҲ׷׸˴Ķע
˵ߵĴڣΪ˸Ϊ˸ӡȻһܻ⵽֮֡
˵ﻢɫ
Ȼԭˡ
ߣ˵ˣǾ¸ӡ
ںڣҲһ
ֻǣɢ߶ԣںоҪҪˡ
Щʱÿǣ㻹ȺǻغΪ˵ò˵ڼĴȷʵܺá
ﻢԼȥΪߵǶʱ䣬иֳһ˿廳
ߣһǶûˡ
һԵͺһ˵
ܱܲôңУһһǶѵܡ
ﻢֱ˵
һԿﻢ죬ҡҡͷóﻢ֮ĺ໥Цٴ󣬶ĳͻ
º
һƬˡ
ﻢǰĲ󺣣Գ˵
ͷһȥǰĴ󺣹ޱߣεɫʣһɫ


621 ͬ޵
ںӿնУһƬεóޱȵƽ
ǰǺˡ
ǰʮգﻢóξѡ
һȥֻԶһڴһݷſ̲ס⡣
ԽǿԽǿԷֺ
⺮Ȼһ֣õļΪ
ţ
ۿڲԶͻȻ֣ںͻȻʮӰӶʮˣΪףӡ
ܿͷ֣һȺ˳Ժﻢɫͱˡ
ôʶǣ
ɻʵ
ﻹû˵꣬ڣﻢһ˲ͱʮΧסˡ
ﻢ
ǸΪ׵еһˣﻢϸֳһĨ⣬һ˫ӣŴЦ⡣
ߣ
ﻢһɫѿ
ڣȻóЩ˺ﻢЩìܡ
ʲô˼
ﻢ򿪿֮ˣ˫һ
ʲô˼ǻףѵˣϴֵ˵⡭
ЦﻢĿ⣬˸һ˿˿⣬ͺ޲óȥﻢֱӸɷһ㡣
߰ɡ
ʱˣ
üȴûκζ
ţǾȻ˸ͬ顭СӣµĻϽ
ڵǷЦ¶мĿ˳һۣŰͷһ߸ϵģ·ǰֻһֻ۵ϡ
ȴûﻢɻʵô£
ﻢһǰʱ䣬Һȥȡ񣬱һȡ׼ʱȴǸ񡭡ȻǲϡԣҲͻģֻû뵽ô֡
ˣǿ𣿡
￴Ϊ׵ӣɻʵ
һ࣬࡭ˣҲͶɡ
һһ˿˿ս⣬Ѿ׼ʮ˿սˡ
һࣿ
ԣüͷһ˵ﻢӦûɣ
ǺƾСֻǣǺǸˡ
Щɡ
񣬳ﻢ֮ĶԻ˽½еģԶˣû
û£Ƕ˾ˣʣµ
ҡͷһЦϳš
Ȼ֪ţѡγﻢͿǰһŭʶĻ͸Ͻÿ򣬱ǲ
ﻢĶóЩʼϲ
һۣһЦ
Ȼóﻢ֮ˣΪŵù
Ҳﻢʧ
ﻢûëɣʲô㻹ûѵټСӣܶǲ
ЦˣߵҲЦˡ
ΧʮˣҲ̲סЦ
ߣ
ﻢĿһ䣬סߵһˣ̤նס
ಣ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲˣУԴ֮ߵĶһˡ
ﻢͷ֮ϣԳɫǳ֮
ߵۿﻢ˫һȴûκζ
ΪţֻҪڣﻢȻǷֺ
Ȼ

ۼﻢĿ΢䣬Դֱ֮ӭ˶ˣڡ
ͷ֮ϣĵɫǳ֮֡
࣡
ʱֻоǰһһӰǰ
ǳ
Ķҡ
ﵭĿһۣƽһ˫ӣûκεĲ
䣡䣡
ʱﻢѾߵսһ˶ڳͻȻҲЩʼϲ
Աﻢռ֡һʱЩ
ǵʵ൱Ϊһ֮ϣҲǵޱȡ
Сӣ
ĮĿ˳һۣһֱ
䣡
ȭԴ֮һȭųͺ˹
ĵɫǳ֮ҫۣ
ߣ
ĿΪ䣬һ֣Ҳһȭҳ
ɲǼ䣬ڳͷ֮ϣҲĵɫǳ֮
һĻһ㶡
û뵽ﻢߵ˾Ȼһǡࡱ
ߣΣҲͺ൱ǵ˻Ƚ϶ࡣ
ܿ죬һ񱩵һȭڵֱӭ˳һȭ
һȭﲻϲǷһĨЦ⡣
飡
˵ȭͷ˲ײһ֮Ŀ⣬ʹ˿ʼ
Դ֮˳ȭͷӴ
Դ֮Űǡ
Դ֮޾
䣡
󣬳еԴ֮ըӲĽ˳ȥµԴ֮иѪ硣
һĻʣµʮˣԭء
࣬Ű
⡭
Ǽֱġ
ܣ
ȥǵѪһϵҡͷԣԸŸղŵһġ
ͬΪ࣬ôܰܵôң
һﲻԣ
ಣ
֮£ٴζˣӰֱӳ

ǷһĨЦӭȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ȭ£޾Դ֮䣬ںԴ֮һ󣬴ݿԴֱ֮ӽ˻˳ȥ
ɫҰףһڿѪ³񾭼ľ
ôܡôܡ
ʱ֪ͳ֮Ĳ࣬ҲͰ׻ôˡ
ղŵһĻһ
ԷԴ֮ͺ޾֮
ңҲС
Դ֮ȻǿԺͶԷ⣬֮ȴϡ
󣬾ȻܽԴ֮ٿص־磬ͺǸҪһ
һ˺

ġ
ڣֱֻҪҪĹ
ôģ
һͼɵǵһμô̬ࡣ
ͬʱҲĺܡ
࣬ԷûҲƾ豩ŰԴ֮ѹԷһٽԷش
ڣͶԷͬΪ࣬Դ֮û취ӲӲռϷ硣
һԷĳ㣬Ҳֻܰˣ
ƽĿ
ʵʲôȻ
ʵһ㣬ҲڰӪصǶʱŷֵġ
֣Դ֮ΪɫԴ츳Եʣһʩչ罭һϲ
ͬԴ񣬸ӲӲʱܺƽ֡
һʱ䳤ˣԴ֮Եƾͳˡ
ղţȻҲ࣬ȴҲֻܱıŰ
ʣͬУҲɫԴ츳Դ񣬷򣬾ԲĶ֡


622 
Ҫ𣿡
￴ƽȴӹɵ
һ£òͷȻȴҲ֪˵ǰûпʱ
ס֣
һȣȻ⻰Ƕﻢսһ˵ġ
ʮˣվԭأûκζ
ǿ׾ѹʱǾͣ˶ǺֻϵΪһǿĴڡ
ۿס֡ǶһۣǸȻһЦӶȥ
ǣҲǺġɢߡ
һȣﻢվһó֡
ڻղűﻢѹŴĸо̫ˣָоⱲӶϣеڶΣǵϴ˵ס֣Ƕʱͺץס˾ݡ
ԸñԼǿĴŰҲԸռȻ֮ͬŰ
ָо̫ˣ
ţ
ﻢ֣ŷֳվκζǶЩȣ֪ղŷʲô
ղţǵȫڼսУ֪Ǳ߷ʲô¡
Ƕ˽⣬϶ԱˣԸ񣬾Բưոݡ
ң˴ʮˣȻҲ뿪ˡ
ֻõʮغӰ
׷ʲô£
ﻢһۣж¶һ˿˿ãǰһĻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ʵֺֹﻢù죬ߵˣصߣҲһɻ󣬡ϴôˣ𣿡
ϴЩһôˡ
˵ʣɫһͷߣ
ԣʱҲԤУȥ
·ϣǻûб죬ѯ֮ǰ£ϴԸ˵ܾʹưոݡ
֪ʲô𣿡
ˣʵæСװͷĿƵĿ
һ˵Ǹ̫ˣȻһ࡭
ʲôǸСࣿ
ﻢİ֡
˵ͺһһۣܴӶԷпȣǿʵ̫˾ˡ
ﻢ˵ʶˡ
ô֪㡣
ü
ϴ󣬼Ȼֻ࣬ΪβɵУЩһôǾˣ
һˣٴʵ
һ˿ҲһɻͲ⡣
ǿǵϴҲ࣬Է࣬ǵϴҲ塣
ټʮ֣һǸ࣬ϴ϶ܻܶԷ
ֻǣĽ֣ȴЩǵϣ棬е׷ʲô
ΪҲɵ𣿡
ɫһ˵Ǹ꣬ȻҲ࣬Դ֮ȴΪŹ֡൱Ȼ֮ȴƺ޾ϲĽӣҵԴ֮һ꣬ڶûͱȫѹˣ
뵽ղŵһĻͱĺܡ
һƵǷǰҲš
࣡
࣬ǿĴڡ
ߵĻһʱҲǴסˣʲô
̫˼ˣ
񣬾ڳֶε˲ֻһˣ˵һ𺳡
Ȼ˵Ĳ࣬ȴҲ֪˹̡
Ҳоκͱ
ϴǸղŻ
˶һۣܴӶԷпһ˼ҡͷһ̾
ȥʱﻢҲص˳ߡ
ղŵô£ôˡ
ﻢһȻоǲ˼飬ﲻ
࣬ҲͺǸսƽ֡
ңǱֻʮ࣬ȻǿֻǶ࣬ҲһɲСһǸųȻᱻܡ
ҲȻûڣһɻҪ֪𰸡
ղŵһĻҲʵ̫ˡ
ﻢߵ˼սʱ򣬵׷ʲô
㲻ƭǰɣ㲻ࣿ
ܿ죬ﻢʲôȳ￪ڣųĿƵʵ
ϵĴڣһоͶýˡ
Ͼղųֵʱȫں˽սûп֣Բûпʱ֮γɵǳ֮
һҲÿ
ˡ
ﻢҡҡͷ˵ﻢҾ࡭࣬Ҳǰæѹˡ
ࣿ
ﻢɴӣųһ࣬ôƵǸͬΪģУʮôܵģ
ڣﻢ𺳡
һ˵Ҳֻ֪֪ǸһսӲӲʱȻ൱ȴЩҳɲǣֱӽˡ

ĻﻢһŹֵĿų
ô
ﻢ˿̵ı飬ϳɻ󣬲֪뵽ʲô
ĸоǸ
ﻢʣмһ˿˿ɡ
š
ͷȷʵǸоˡ
ֱǹ
ﻢ̾Ȼ˵Ȼ֪ΪʲôǼȻԴ֮ԣ֮У㼸Ժˡ
ҲΪȻͷ
ǡ
һ㶣֮ǰǸ飬֪ԭôоҲ֪
ﻢۣʲô֪ôܻ֪ǸղǸ飬ҲġֶΡ㲻ܹ𣿡


Ҳѵÿڣ˵
óԶĺ߰ɣ
ﻢĴ£ڽ˺ںΧϿգвжѲ֮ˡ
ЩǺ߻ɢߣ
￴ЩѲ֮ˣʵ
Ȼɢߡߣһ㲻⡮ֻҪΪѲߵɢߣҲҪʵҺȻ۲ΪѲߵġнٺǵʵȴûʸΪѲߡ
ﻢش˳Ժ̾˿
Ȼ࣬ںһȺɢУֻλ
Ѳߵġֻûʸӡ
Ȼ
ܿ죬һѲӵɢ߹ǿһﻢϵͳһΣû˵ʲôſ˳
Ϊ׵һɢüʲôˣ
ɢߣһˣ׳˶ޱȡ
ˣ׼ǺΪߡˡ
ﻢˣ˵ĩˣּһ䣬Դ屾壬ɫתﵽϡ
ɣ
ɲǼ䣬׳˶ͫһ


623 
Դ屾壬ɫתﵽϣ
ʲô׳˶һһ󣬿˳ãҽСȫ
û뵽׳˶֪ġ츳󣬾Ȼôæҡͷҽг
ֵܣԺпȾơ
ȫһЦڳԵÿޱȡ
ò
츳֮ˣΪԺ󣬱Ȼһ·ҪڼܱΪɢߡ
ǰ;ĴڣҲлͽᣬԺҪͽᶼֲ
һ
ȫͷһЦﻢһ뿪

ﻢһЦԳ˵ԺҺҪˡ츳ۺҲŵϺŵģϵߣɫתܶ඼ɣֻǽӽɡ
ﻢĻҲǲɵЩп
ɫתɣ
Ҫ֪ڵԴ屾壬˵ǳɫתɣǳɫתʮɣͨɫԴ츳ҲԶȲ
츳ɫԴ츳
ҲԴ֪츳
Ȼ˵ܣǱ¶ܻ֣֮ܿòС
֪֮ڵʵҪԴ㣬ѡ
ڣò׵һ㣬𲽣𽥵ԼΪ
Ͼﻢ˵ڡߡǺչ˵ġ
ԼΪߣһֱ𵽡ɢߡУǺŵġ
Ҫ֪ǳɫ츳תϵˣһֱΪߣӵ츳ˣôܻû취ﵽأ
ﻢ˵һ³ΪҪעɡ
￴ﻢʵ
ڣںڵһжһ֪˵йߵ¡
ﻢ˵ͷ˵ҪΪеߣ׾٣ߣǲżġȻճΪߵˣȴ޷õκΰģҪͨ˺һֵҪ󣬲ǳΪߣ˺ƵߣܺԴ
˵ﻢͨ˺Ҫ󣬳Ϊߵġֻϧں汻ˢˡ
˵ͷ
ãҳΪԺ󣬺һʲôҪ󣿡
ﻢҪ֪ľȻҪΪߣһѶȶûУΪ˸е档
ﻢЦ࡭ҪҲڶ೤ʱڣΪࡣһ˵ൽ࣬ҪӦǧ֮ڡ
ǧ֮ڣ
ȻǾʱ̣Ǿ̫ˡ
һΪεͻƣҪôʱ
ʾɡ
ȻܿȻˣϾһ˲ͬԴ屾츳ɫ츳
⺮ڣɫתֻɵ츳ϵ츳
Щ֪˵ʲôˡ
ߣǴȥ
ﻢĴ£ܿ˺ǼߵĵطһĴԺ֮ڡ
һĴԺλһϵĽȺ֮ǰ
Ժ֮ڣѾвŶӡ
˷䣬ﻢվһԣҲȺĶУ˶ӡ
Ŷӵ˺ܶ࣬ԡ
˵ڳԴ󣬻ûмֻһŮԡԴ񡱡
ȻҲԲµԭ
ҪԴ磬ɶ̳˵Դ壬ȻԼٳһԴ壬Դ
Ȼ˭ΪԼٳԴѡ̳˵ʱһ㶼ѡˡ
ˣʲôطͱŮǿŮǿơ
ȻҲ˵ŮԾͲܳΪԴƿߡ
ѡΪ̳ˣԼҲܾǰԴ硭
ԣһԴƿߣ㿪ٳԼԴ壬ҲѡŮԣѡԡ
Ҳһ
㡣
ﻢԳ˵һڴԺԱĴߴ£뿪ˡ
һΧֳŶӵ˺ڳĹԱûбˡվĶ飬һֱͨǰĽȺ
ಣ
ܿ죬ֻоߴһХȴһ˽
һµˣü͸¶һ˿һۿȥͿԿԷԲʲô࣬Ҳ⣬ֻҪԷûԼҲȥǶԷ
һģһˡ
ˣܿҲڹԱĴߴ뿪ˡ
üͷһơ
ǵǼǳΪô
ôࡣ
Ŀ⣬Զÿһʱ䣬һ˴
Щ˳󣬾ֱ뿪˴Ժ
ˣ
ͻȻ﷢ּһȴĻļ
£
￴ˣüͷһơ
ڣĿеϷʣͺǸûнһ㣬һ߸ϵģһλ߸һλߡ
ò˵Ŀ⣬óܲˬ
ԷûнһĶҲûз
㣬Һȥ
˿ƽȴӹɵ
˵ͬʱڻ˵˫֮䣬˸ͺֻҪҾܾͻԳﲻһ㡣
˫һӣ
ߣ
ԣҲûзϣͺһüżϷʣͺڶԳ˵СӣʶĻϽȥÿġ
ﵭ˵˼û˲ӵϰߣ
Ļ˵ļᶨûκء
ţ
Ļһ㶣Ȼû뵽ôɴľܾ
Ժ󣬻ϸֳȻŭ⣬⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼
ԣ׳һŻˣ˻Ҳ˼Ǳӣ
Ļûɫ䣬ҲͲס
䣬˾ͳˣͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮۳Ρ
࣡
ʵԺﻢ൱
￴˳֣Ȼѹһôᣬԭһࡣ
ʱԺеĹԱڳǰһȺˣҲ˵Ķŵˣû˻뵽Ժ֮У˸֡

Ա˳֣ɫ䣬żֱ䡣
һֹˣֻǣȴˣ˾ʵ̫Զִڵλã˵ҲҪһ
˹ϣһ֮һʱ䶼Ҫ
ڳ֮ˣĿ⣬
ǿڳҪǼǳΪߵˣεĴڣ˵ࡣ
ӣһȺУʵǿһˡ
˶óܺӿ⡣
УҲԼ
֮Գ֣Ҫһ²·ˣҪˡ
һͿԲŶӣһ·ȥǼǳΪˡ


624 
ۼӶԼ֣ǷһĨЦ
Ȼӳʱͷ֮ϳֵɫǳ֮Ҳû˿⡣
ѣ
Ҫ֪ǰãŽһˡ
ǰûκεвԡ
ۿһ£Яź嫵Դ֮ﶯˣһȭҳֱӭ˻ӵһơ
һɲǣڳͷ֮ϣĵɫǳ֮

ֳһƬš
ЩȥĹԱڣڳ˶סˡ
￴һ࣬Ѿܾˣڵãֱӳһࡣ
ң࣬ĹĿꡣ
һʱ䣬ǵ￪ʼΪĬǵùҪӾˣ˭ã˼ࡣ
ڳ֮һ𺳵ģȻгֵĻӱˡ
ڻӿǼǵߣȻиһĴڣ˵ʤĴڡ
ԣ˼ɣֱѡ˲ӡ
˭֪
ʵӦòֵһֻ꣬Ҳ࣬һࡣ
ʵҪǿ
ɲǼ䣬ͫһ֪Լߵˡ
ֻǣȻµһƣѾղˡ
䣡
ڣһȭӭ˻ӵһƣһ󣬻绯ֱ֮ӷ˳ȥݺݵˤ˵ϡ
һɨˣûб£ͱѧ˼Ҳӣ
ۣ
ӱѾﴴˣǿŲѪ³
Ȼڵһ仰ȴҲ޿ֱ̣³һѪ
ֳ˿ǱѪģһʱ䣬һĿ⣬˾ͺȻ֪һΪµˡ
վˡ
ֻǣҲһȺԱΧסˡ
㣬ʧȥʸ񣡡
һԱӣﵷҵˣԼһΪɴĴʽǾǽԷȥ
ļԱҲŻӣ·ֻҪӸҲӣͻֱӽȥһ
Цˡ
ӣ͵ʴס
ڳŶ֮ˣҲֻĿŻӣۣӵˣǵһûκεĺøС
ǡ
ӵɫ˲䣬ǰļԱǼ뿪
Υ˹򣡡
ԱһĮĶԻ˵ûκεɽ
֪˭𣿡
ɫһǰļԱǺӪģ
Աԣüȥ
ͬʱѾһ׼ǵĻĻӣֱӶȥ
׳գ
￴ϵţǷһĨЦ
ǡҳȥǿɲҪڡ
ӿ򼸸ԱǷһĨЦǸҽҸϳȥ϶ᵹù˼
Աۼвǣüͷһ塣
ѵʲô˵ݣ
ʱ
ܣ㻹û𣿡
һߴţһ׳˶ͷţĴ󺺣ֱն£վ˻ӵߡ
磡
ӿ󺺣üЦ磬ҺˡҹҪ⼸һӳȥˡ
׳˶ԣü򼸸Աʣô£
Աڵɫѿڿ׳˶ӳֵɲǣǾʶԼ¶ˣӣȴв˵ı
һĻҲ￴
׳˶ʲôˣ
Ϊ⼸Աƺܼɵ
ɻ
ٷ򳤴ˣ
ܿ죬ԱͶ׳˶ˣóҲһȣٷ򳤣
֮ǰһ·ϣҲﻢ⻤һҲֻǧˣҶǺġߡ츳ٮٮߡ
ҪΪٷ򳤣ҲҪΪ
Ҳ˵׳˶󺺣ӵĴ磬ϵĴڣ
ɫһôҲû뵽·תӻôһϵ
ٷ򳤡
ţٷ򳤳ֵһ̿ʼʹŻӲᱻ̭֡
Ȼ
ǣҪߣ
׳˶󺺿˼Աƽʵ
Ȼƽȴһ˿ϵŭ⣬üԱһЦٷ򳤴ˣǲң
ߣҲҡ
ʱվˣ˼ԱһЦôղŲҪҶȥôˣήˣ
ʱ˿̣Ӹһֺٻĸо
Ȼڳ֮ûһ˸Ҷ졣
ʲôЦİٷ򳤶ˣθҷ
磬СӣʧȥǼΪߵʸ񣡡
ܿ죬Ӹ׳˶˵һĿ˳ϣһ˿˿⡣
ӿĿ⣬һ˵⡣
һС˵־ӣ
üͷһߣڻ˵һȣӣͺǡ
ô£
׳˶󺺿˻ӣһɻʵ
ǷЦ֮ǰ£һһ˵˳ûκα
˵ԼӡʱҲһϡ
񣬰Աڣ԰Ĵ󲿷˶һĿųǿٷ򳤣һο϶Ҫϳȥˡ
⻹õĽ
ٷ򳤣һŭ֮£ɱˣҲû˶졣
Ҳ⡣
ϾˣǺߣܺ
ߣ
ӵĻ׳˶ɫһһ˫ӣ˳ϣҸ·һܵĿȥ뿪¾ôˣ
׳˶󺺻һ䣬ֳһƬš
ȥ
ڳ֮ˣĸԴƿߡ
ǵһԻޱȣ㵽Դ磬µµΪǵҲǼΪ߰ġ
ǳĸ߰
ԣǿһ걻˵ĿɣҪ˷ϡ
⣬ǱҪʹĳͷ
׳˶󺺵Ļ̲סЦˣϷʵĿųһĲмͺڶԳ˵㲻Ҳӣҵ³
ˣ࣬ôûӦˣ
ӿһЦϷʵĴк
˫һȴûȥӣֻһֵһСɫ°ܽĿ⣬׳˶󺺵ϣٲȻżֱ䡣
ţ
׳˶ۿ˿Ҳֳһ˿ŭݣϢ㿴ʲô
ǷһĨЦûʲôֻǾٹ˽˽ѡҺֻ˶Թİٷ򳤣ֻӣ
Σ
Ļ׳˶ЦܣҰˣǣҲһ԰ˡ
磬ʲôСӣɣѡһ
ӿǷһĨЦͲм


625 
˫һɫҪѿжѿ
׳˶ӣİٷ򳤣ΪҲϣܿġ
˵Ҳǵùˡ
һ￴ӣѾ˾ӡ
ôСӣͨˣҪҿɣ
ӿĶ̲סЦˣһ˫ӣ¶һ˿˿ĵ⣬ղšǺղţǺܵΣǿΣڣҪʵҵĿɣ
ǸٷվһԣҲ¶һ˿Цݣ
ӡ
ҲڳļԱ̾һЩŶ׼ǼǵˣҲĿ˳һۡ
ǵ뷨ͻһΪҪȥӵĿɡ
ֻǣĻ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ಣ
ڳߵǰʱˣ绯磬˻ӡ
ӱѾ翪ȣ׼ųȥꡣ
ȻͻһУ׻Ϊ˻ʵĿɣʵȴˣˣȻֱӶ֣ʼϲ
󵨣
Ǹٷ򳤼ˣɫ䣬Դ֮ǣ˳绯һֻ׺ͻ
ٷ򳤵ٶȼ죬硣
ͷ֮ϣƾճˡ
ֻǣٶȻ죬ϾǾһξ룬ǻӣȴҲֻ֮ң
ųͷ֮ϣĵɫǳ֮ӶѾ˻ӵǰһ̧־ͽһԴ֮ѹס˻ӣֱһϡ
䣡
ʱǸٷ򳤿͵һƣӣŵûɫ䣬ϴ󣡡
ߣ
ٷɫ䣬ӲջԼվԭء
ۣ
Ȼջٷ򳤻ǱԼˡ
ղţ鼱֮£ȫʩΪͻȻջһֱӾ˵Լ
ϣֳɭȻķŭſסӵĳСӣ
ס˻ӣӵԼĵƣŻٷ򳤣Ǻǡٷ򳤲ѡ·𣿲˼·Ҷѡ
ѡɲ㣡
ٷɫһ̤
һ̤óҲܵĪѹ࣬ǿ
𣿡
һ̧֣Դ֮γɵ˻ӵĺ֮ٷ򳤣Ųǰһͻ
ٷɫ䣬Сӣвң
Ϊβң
ٷ򳤵Ļͺǿ׳һ㶼Ҫˣѵһв㣿
Сӣ֪ǺΪСںϣ㽫֮أ
ٷɫһ
֮أ
ٷ򳤵Ļ̲סЦٷ򳤣û´˵ǺǻУƺҲмʮһİٷ򳤰ɣͲ˵ͷ֮ϵļǧ򳤣лͳˡڻУϸ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôڣԲѣ˵ܴ
ЦǷһ˿˿Ĳм
Сӣ㡭
ٷ򳤱ɫǺ죬һ˫ӣ˸ɭȻɱ⣬ҲܴΣҪɱ㣬練ơ
Ǿٷ򳤾ܳ֡˸ᣬҲµ
һ˵ţһһֻĻӵİ˵ǰɣ
ӱסֻоһԴ֮ѹƣָоϢ̫ˡ
һٷ򳤣Щֵĵ磬ң
ֻԼһˣȻ׷
ȻԴ֮ڣȴһȺˡ
Ըʹʧȥ
ٷһһ˫ӣ֮Уſߡ
Ϊһ㣿
Цϼż
ޱȷţڽӷſôһ̣ľ
ϣʲôŵҪҪĻԼƿһУڣץס˻ӣİٷɵ
ٷĻɫһô
ڣͰٷ򳤶ţҲڳһȺЩɡ
رǼԱΪһ亹
ȻŶӵһȺˣĿ⣬ż־塣
һʼٷóѡ·ʼǶΪᰴհٷ˵κһ·ߡ

ӵĿ¡
ǿӵʱ򣬵һʱΪҪȥӵĿɡ
ˣҲûп
Դˣÿһ˶ΪԼ
ÿһ˵ϣЯһԴ塣
Դڣˣй磬ԼһС
һҲζһжҷ
ԣԴϣû취ÿһ˶ǼΪϧԼġ
ԣˣҲʲôֻΪ졣
ֻǣ벻һĻǷˣǶû뵽ﾹȻѡֱӿס˻ӣİٷͶ
ǵ˾Ǿ
ʣԼվڳλϣôɴ࣬ôϡ
ǿһˣˣԴںúõĻȥͷأͬ졣
ô
ٷ򳤵Ļ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳô뿪գȷû׷Ժһŵ
Ļûɫһ䣬㲻ҿԷģֻҪңҾԲô鷳
ˡ
ʲôЦ
ų뿪Ĵûиŵ£һȥǼա
Ǽգһŭ֮½ɵˣ
ԣҲԸӦҪ
ģ
ӵĻ̲סЦҺ㣬ԼԼԴеˣǳڹڡÿһˣԼġ񡯣ģ𣿡
ڻӵġ桱ڳһȺ˵ĿܿҲùŹ֣ڻӵϡ
ڸԴڵ󣬻Сơ
ɵԴ磬ÿһˣǳڹ֮ϵĴڡ
ģ
˭ȥ
ԣԴڣҲɿĶ
ĻһʱҲЩԶԣһֱ˵ǾԲߵġ뿪գ˭֪㵽ʱ᲻ɱңʱɱң˭ҵ㣿
ӵĻڳ֮˵ҲΪȻ
ȫԺ󣬸ɵӣһ֪
ֹˣʱǻٷҪΪӱ𣬿ҲҲҲ
Դ֮󣬳˵Ҫһˣֱȴ뻹Ҫѡ


626 ¥
СӣҲġ
Ǻİٷ򳤣ɫһ
뵽ģȻҲ뵽ˣףܾôһȥպܾҲزˡ
Ǿûˣ
ʼ磬˵һ˫ӣ𽥵Űٷ򳤡
ٷһ
˵ĿУ˾ȻĮ顣
̲סһʶһΣյںܻܿѡƸۣʱҲʶԼǿӲ̬ȣܻܿẦԼܡ
һٷ򳤻˵ǸһΣ
һ
üͷһƣŰٷ򳤣ʵã
ȻҲʶԼҪӲʵʣûҪӵ֪ԼسŵŻӻ
ȴ˻š
ֻԼ֪ô硣
Դ磬ûʲôǱҪҪģԣû˻Ը⽫óġ
һ
ٷ򳤵ĻҲڳļԱԼһȺŶӵһ
ôҲǺİٷ򳤣εĴڣһǰȻˡ
ȻҲֶ֪θǿס˻ӣڵĴ
Ͳʲôˡ
ΪЮ˻ӣֲԸȥ߰ٷ򳤸·ֻ·һ
ʱһѡ񣬾һС
ӣѡˣҲǶĶˣ
ǵӣԽӵľ塣
ٷĻƬ̣ſ˵ȥٷΪ֤ˣΣֻҪܣҿԸһ·
ٷ򳤣
ٷ򳤵Ļٴ̲סЦˣٷ򳤣ãٷ򳤣Ҷ˵սѣĺѡȻǰ㡣ΥԼҲʲôϡ¡
Ļڳ˶Ϊͬ
ǰٷ򳤣Ȼ
ңܱٷ򳤽ˣ϶ǹϵõˣԼԼ֤ûʲô
ҪΣ
ٷڰͲסˣɫʵ
ǧ򳤣
￴ٷ򳤣ǧ򳤳棬Ҳνĳŵͼ֤ǧ򳤵ļ֤ҲŻţ
ǧ򳤣
ĻνһʯǧˣڳһȻ
ЮֵĻӣסˡ
ǧ򳤣
һǧ£ʮٷ򳤣ǧ򳤶ԣٷ򳤣ֻһˣʱ滻
ڰٷ򳤣ǧûô
ڣٷȥǧ򳤣һΪ˸һļ֤֪ǧ򳤿϶ܾ
ܣ
ٷ򳤿ҡҡͷ
ʲôЦ
Ҳ˵δ붯ǧ򳤣붯ǧ򳤣Ҳȥ롣
֮£ߵĴǧ֪ˣԺҪҪڻлˣ
һǧ֪ȥֱɡ
һ㣬˿ɡ
ܣ
ٷ򳤵Ļɫһ˫˸ź⣬ô˵ٷһ㶼ϧֵܵˡҲգǾҺʯ٣
Դ֮۵ĵ΢΢ʱӵĲϣɢһ˿Ѫ
һԴ֮ƣ޷ֹס˿ڡ
һʱ䣬Ҳŵ˫ȶҪҪ
Ĳ
ˣʲôûˡ
ڣ޾ĺڣԼΪҪǼǳΪġߡ
ҪǼǣΪҪѡ
ҪѡΪҪѡӣ
ҪѡӣΪҪѡˣ
ţֻҪԼһ֮ܱһѡ
ֻϧûкҩ
㡭Ҫ
ٷ򳤵ɫˣղſ˵Ϳˣһ˵õó
ԣ˿ɶԷĻ
ٷ򳤣Ҳ
ﵭĿ˰ٷһۣ˵ֻҪǧֱ֤ӷԶûԼңûа취ѡʯ١
һŰٷ򳤡
ԣ׾ѡʯ١
ʯ٣ֻѡڣҲֻŻԷֶΡ
ţԷѡ
ٷһû뵽һҪǧ򳤣ʱ˵Ҳ㣬벻ǧ򳤴ˡǧ򳤴һٷ򳤵˽£ǲȤܣҲǾԲֹܵġ
ٷһ˵ţһ߿˵
üһ㣬ǲ֪顣
ĿɨڳһˣЩ˶˵ͷڶ˵ٷ򳤲ûƭ
һô죿
ѵһֱôţ
һһٷ򳤣ʣڣдõһĶ
ڣֻ뵽

֮ϣ
֮ϣӰվƮݶ
ʿˣվŽµһС
Ƕԣµƺ㲻ʲôֻҪһȥǵĿ׾ٵĶЩһԺ档
СһȤ
һʿһЦüżĹʡ
ǰ侲£һңرѡһѪסǸٷ򳤵
һʿ˵ͷ
ٷ򳤣ƺǡǧ򳤡µˣЩӡ󡣡
ǰüͷ΢˵
Ҫ֣СһҪ뿪ˡΪ뵽󡯡
΢΢һЦʵ
ȻǺӣң츳ӦҲ
ǰߵ˵ͷΧԴ֮绯һζ
ʱԺ֮С
󣿡
ٷĻĿһ˵ͷСǺϣһ󡣡
￴Űٷ򳤣˵޲󣿡
Ļٷæ˵Դ磬еĴ޲ġ
̲סһ㶣еĴ޲ģʲô˼
ʣٷüڲڸϿΡ߰ɣȥ󣡡
ԴУ˴˵еһλûӰռ䡭ȻҲûܲóλĴ󡣡
ڳ׼Ͱٷһ뿪ʱһͻأ
ʲôˣ
ٷɫһ߿֮ϡ
ֻǣһۣȴɫɴ䣬һ
￴һŵʿ̤ն䣬ʿڽΪҪʣΪ˵á
¥¡
ܿͷ֣Ǹٷڿʿʱ򣬹ʿ
¥¡
ʣµļԱҲĶʿ
¥£֮һ
Ȼ鴫еһӢΡ


627 
һȺŶӵˣĿҲʿϣһ¶⣬ϳ˾ȡ
¥£
üͷһʶʿλ²򵥡
Ǹ֮ǰޱȵİٷ򳤣ǰҲģˡ
óǸٷԴĵ׶ʿľ⡣
ʿղ˵ĻҲǻȻ
ԭΪԭԲ޷öλ
Դ磬ԴڵϾͬ
Դ壬һƿߡ
Դ磬ȻûУÿһˣǸԵԴƿߡ
ҪԴ粼öλȻҪԴĿռһ֪͡ƿء
񣬾ʿ˵һˣƺֻһˣǴ˵е
ó̲סȥ˵һˣǸˣҲԴһӵ츳Ĵڣ˵еĴڣѵʿеǸˣͬһˣ
̲סһ
ʿ̤ն䣬ܿ˴Ժ
Żӵֶ˼֡
һָоʿǿڣֻҪʿ룬׵ûзӦ֮ǰȻʿ
ѵ˧
һ𣬰
תһ룬пܡúİٷ𾴵ĴڣҲǺͻǧͬһĴڣǿ
Сӣ¥ǰɿܣ
ٷ򳤿һЦʿ٣ͺǿ˾һ㡣
üΪĿ⣬ʿϣΪ֣ʿҲڿЩ⣬¥Ҫʲô
ѵҪӣ
һʱ侯Żӵֽ˼֣¶Էĳ֡
ɵ㣬ɵ㡭
ӱôһۣʱɫˣæ˵Ҳ΢΢Ϊ¥³֣ͿԻȣڿȴƺˡ
סˣˡ
ɬԹʲô¥¾Ͳó֡
Сӣʲô
ٷ򳤿һĻɫҲˣڹ´˵ǰҲҷ
ٷ򳤣ʱ䣬ȥ󡣡
ﵭ˵һ˫ӣ¶һ˿˿⡣ڣҲΪ⺮ˣȻﻢʧò
ڣѾԼҪͱ뿪
Ǵȥˡ
ٷԣɫһһԵӣ´ˣ£æһ£
ţλ¥µֶΣǿӲֶξȻֵܡ
ɫһٷ򳤣ֵ
ٷĻɫ䣬Сӣ
ˡ
ʱһֱûпڵӣڿˣĿ⣬ڳϣ˵ɡ
üȴûж
Сӣ´˽ˣûǵȹ´˳֣һҲǲġ
ٷ򳤿Ц
ٷ򳤵ĻĿһ䣬ЮŻӵ֣ǽ˼֡
ɱңɱҡ
ɫҰף˵
ˣ͹ɡ
ﵭ˵Դ֮ʱ׼ɱ

ʱֻһģɲǼ䣬һɿµĶֱϡ
ɫ䣬ʿ׼Ȼӣֻǣôӽ˾ߣһĿƣͱˣ
еԴ֮Ű׼ֱɱ֡
ȻȴǷ֣Դۣ֮ͱ֮ɢ
һ̣ˣһ֮ƶƮ֮С
ڻӣҲһ֮Ƶ˰ٷ򳤵ߡ
ڿУֻо֫ȫãӣһļɵȻ֪ǿȴҲû뵽ز
Сӣ¥¿ǺһǿߣǰҲҰŪֱ
ٷ򳤿Ц˵
һǿߣ
סˣ֮ǰΪǿӦǵȴû뵽Ȼʿ¥¡
ǷһĨЦԼǹùġ
ˣ£ɡ
ڳΪԼٷ򳤺ͻҲΪʱ¥¿ˣƽ˵
סˣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
һ̣ͷԼָ˶Ŀƣ˻
ٷˣ´ˣ˲ܷţ
ǰ´ˣ˸ں£ֱǲĹطϳ͡
Ҳæ˵ڣ޲ýɱҲ֪ûʵλߵ¥ҪŹʱ̲סˡ
£
¥µĿ⣬˲˻ӵϣ˵㣬ȷ£
ԣɫ΢䣬ó¥ָ
ѵ¥֪ʼĩ
ɵٶϻ
ٷʱҲĬˣҲˡ
£ǣͽ´ûз𣿡
¥µĿ⣬ܿ˰ٷ򳤺ͻӵϡ
ǡ
æͷֻǣǵͷʱȴӹһ˿⣬ȻֻϴӦȴѾҳ鷳ˡ
üһŵɱ⣬ȻҲˡ
¥¾һҲǸм¥£л´ˣ
¥¶ԳﵭͷΪԺİ֮ڣÿʮ꣬ȥһΡ
˵¥¿˲ԶĻӺͰٷ򳤣Ŀ䣬ָ
л´ˣ
¥µĻȻ˼¥·ôл֮ڣİٷǲ鷳ˡ
ٷ򳤺ͻӣȴɫһ䣬ǱĥűӦ¥£ｫɵ¥ôһ仰Ƕʱͷ
٣֮ڣǲͷ
Ƕԣ㲻ʲô¥£˵ȴһɽһԽĴɽ
ɽ׾ٵľܽѹ
š
ӶԳ˵ͷ̤նֱʧʡ
һʱ䣬ԺһȺˣĿ⣬ԼżĽͼʡ
ȻҲóǶһ
ޣһꡣ
뿪У¶һ˿м˵¥£ɡ
յ£
ͬʱ¥µȣҲԴĵ׸е壬ǿߡ
֮һԴ֮¥£ֻܿܲ˧ô򵥡
ɫ𽥵ϾҲԹˣεĴڣҲһǱʶֱ
ֱǸ¥£һλ


628 Ȱ
Σӹһ٣Ƕλ¥¡
ߣ
ԶǸٷųһ
ӣҲŭӳ޲ýֱɱ
ֻǣȻ¥¶ˣȻǲôĶ֪
ΪһǿߣƽʱǺĵ¥ҲҪ֡ǵġ
˱Ŀ⣬˿壬˶ӡ
Сӣ⣬¥ֻǱʱ䡭֮һŪ㣡
ٷ򳤿Įޱȣһ˿˿˵ĺ壬·ǰֻһһ㡣
ҲŹģ
ų˫֮䣬ɱȻ·һ⵶ҪֱӴ͸ڵƺȫ˷סʱʲôı顣
˵ĻǷһĨЦ
֮
ʱ򣬻֪˭ɱ˭
ûˣֱӹȥŶӡ
ֻǣչȥͷվǰˣһһӡ
Щɣǣ
ֵܣ
ǰֵܣ¥¿صˡ
ֵܣȥǼǰɡ

һȺŶӵˣ׷׽õǰ棬ޱȣͺҪͳϹϵһ㡣
Ҳǰ棬һꡣ
Ȼ۵ʲôطǿӲĹϵ;ԲԿ
ڣȻ¥ֻǻ꣬Щ˵ݵλֶͬˡ
ҡҡͷ
һλ
ʱǰĽ֮Уһ
淢ĶȻСȻûܵӰ죬ԺҲоһ糣
棬һֱͨ
ǰߣԿһ̨ȥֱӵǼǡ
վȥ
ǼǵһӣָָԶһʯ̨Գ˵
Ȼɻȴ˹ȥ
ʯ̨ߣһԾȥˡ
ڳսȥͬʱֻоһɺ󳾵˲ʯ̨ӿԼ塭ȻκιȴҲڵԴ֮ȫ
ɲǼ䣬ڳͷ֮ϣĵɫǳ֮
ˡ
ʱǹ̨ˣʼڳ֮ǰǼǵϣһЩȥ࡭ǧڣΪ࣬ԳΪߡ
һ˵ţһ߶һƸ
һʱߵơ
ֻǣȴûкıǣֻ֪ǰơ
ֻԼǧڣΪ࣬лõơ
뿪ʱ򣬿һǸ̨
ڣҲ֪Ǹ̨ˣһԵǼ֮ʵĵط
ûԼʵ
֮ŪôһҲܲµԭҪû»һα
ȫسֻһһ࣬ȻҪʱڣֱӱ¶ΪͿԳΪġߡ
Ȼּһ㱩¶Ϊ
ĻҲܵõĺô
ԣǺбҪģٶžһЩҪɻصĴ㡣
뿪Ⱥ󣬾ͷһǻӣӱϾǸٷ򳤵ֵܣЩŶӵȻҲ·
һۣǸٷѾ뿪ˡ
ߣ
ʱӸպô·һ˫ӣĶųСӣɣ
ţ
üҲû㽫ΣȻҳԲѷóеŭѹ֡
ƺڰɣ

Ļɫһ䣬㡭Ҫʲô
ܿ죬Ӿ֪˴𰸡
ֻȻһ̧ȣֱӺϣ߷˳ȥ˲ء
䣡
촫һ⧲֮£ߵڵء
̲סЦ
㡭㡭
ɫ䣬ָųһʱЩ˵
ʲô
ﵭɨ˻һۣĿ⣬ûӱŵô˸£ٷϻ߽ǰĽ
ʱһȺЦŶ֮ˣҲ̲סЦ
ǼԱҲ̲סЦˣûֹ
ǵҲΪǳһڶɡ
ƣ뿪˴Ժ
˴ԺҪ̤ն𣬲ܿȺԶһԺﻢ
ﻢЩȣôô죿
ǵãȥʱǰ滹кܶŶӵġ
߱˵ɡ
ﻢľȣҲΪ̾Ȼ˵
ãȥһٺõġ
ﻢͷһų뿪Ժӡ
·ϣҲԼղŵľһһ˵˳ɫһ䣬ﻢΪһ亹
û뵽Ǹٷô֡
ﻢɫһ̾˿Դ磬ʵǿǵʵעֻܱϣڽ¡
ﾺѡ
￴ĺܿһ˫ӣ˸ű⡣
治¥¾Ȼûиƽϡ
ﻢֵ
˵ͷȷʵǸ¥Ҫ֣Ի
¥½ʱﶼѾ־ȴû뵽ᷢı仯ֻǻõ¥µıӻ
ҪȻڣ뿪ɡ
ﻢ˵
¥µǷҲֻǻ֮꣬󣬳Ҫ
ʱεİٷ򳤣ûκλ֮
ʱ䣬뿪
ôҰԺ󣬻
ﵭһЦϳš
Цˡ
ﻢĻҡҡͷ츳ȻȴҲֻҶԡܳΪٷ򳤵ˣҲǺġߡֻˣԴ츳ǳɫת
˵ﻢû˵ȥ
Ȼ˼ף޷ǾҪ츳ȻȴҲǸٷ򳤡
Ժʵ
˼ĸ죡
ﶮﻢ˼Ҳûж͡
Ǹٷ򳤣ȣ
ţԼ츳Ժ󣬾ܳԷ
Ҫ֪츳ɲʲôɫתɫʮɣ
ҲԴ츳ʹ˵еǸһ츳
˫һĿʱڳϣҲ̲ס˵ﻢ˵ĻҲ޵Ҹʱ䣬뿪

ЩˣҲںҲκεĺ³ô
ˣȲ˵ˣԷȥ
ﻢҡҡͷת˻⣬ҲﲻϿĻҲû⣬к߽һҾ¥
¥ܿһλ
ֵľ¥Ŀ𽥵Ʈ
ֱﻢŻعôﻢ£
ҪʲôôܳΪߣ
ﻢʵ
ҡͷһЦ֮ǰ˵һǧ֮ڣͻƵΡ


629 ɫԴ츳
Թ󣬳ﻢصǵס
һխԺӡ
סţʹԺ
Ҳʼ
Է֣ȻûãԴ֮Ǻܿ졣
ʮʱ䣬ͻƵΣ
ʱ˵λ¥¶˵ĻڣҲʱȥλ¥ˡ
¥¸ӻʱԼһݴ顣
ﻢ֪λ¥ƽʱסʲôط𣿡
ﻢȻȥ¥¥סȴһ֪
֪ں򡭡ͨ
ﻢ˵ͷ˵
õ𰸣뿪Ժӣֱȥ
֮ϣԶԶĿǰ򣬳˫һһƬȫһݻĽвٿĴԺ
ܿ죬ͱƬϿѲߵˡ
ʲôˣʲô
³ӣΪ׵һˣüĿ㣬ȴһ˪Գ˵ʱ˿
Ҳû⡣
¥¡
΢ЦΪ׵˵ͷ
ĻֻΪ׵ˣˣɫҲ΢䣬ˣʶ¥£
¥£һǿߣĵλ˿ڵ
ǣ
˵̬ȣ˷츲صı仯رΪ׵ˣԳʱ򣬸ǿޱȡ
ʶ¥£ǿɲҵֻˣԣҪԷúõĴùϵϾһܺ¥´Ϲϵ
Ƕԣ
λæͨһǶʮǰǼǳΪߵˣ¥¡
˵ͷһЦ˵
ԣҵʱ뿪ȥ
ﾲĵȴ
ûãֻˣٴοʱԶ˼־⣬óҲЩãȻ֪ʲô
λֵܣ
Ϊ׵ˣԳһͷͳһǰһȺն¡
ﻹǵãղµġ
ֵܣ¥µʲôϵ
̲סʵڻûȫָǵãղȥ¥ͨʱ򣬽ĻתԺ¥¾Ȼȥ
ˡ롱֣
ѲӶ꣬ƽʱǻǧ¥Ҳ˵롱֡
¥˵ģ˺ƺҲֻʣˡ
̫꣬𺳡
ʲôˣ
̲סɻ
˵ĻҲһ㶣ҡҡͷҺ¥£ֻһ֮Եɡ
Ҳˣ˶̬ȣƺ¥йء
ֻǣܺ棬¥µʲôȻ˶̬ȷôı仯Ըоͺλһ㡣
һ֮Ե
ĻȻš
һ֮Ե¥˵һ롱֣
ţ
϶ԼݣϾЩصĴϲһףȻûмûԹ⣬ܼܡ
ԣҲûٶʡ
Ϊ֪ԷԸ˵Ҳûá
ڣٴμ¥¡
¥£ȻһլԺȴ
롣
¥¶Գһͷӭ˽ȥóЩܳ
ﲻҲ˴Ǹ˵Ŀ⣬Ǹϵ𺳣ҲˣΪ¥¶Լ̬ȣΪԼ
ʵҲ֣λ¥ΪʲôôԿ϶ϴߵǼǵĵطǵһμ¥¡
ɵʱۿŽѣ¥ȴְæ
¥¸Ƿ»Ҫ꣬Ҳһɣ֪Լʲôط¥ôأʵĪ
¥µĴ£߽լԺеĴ֮С

¥к£Ҳûпֱ
ǿ֪ģ¥Ϊλ̬ȣ¥£֪ΪҪңУΪζô
￪żɽһ˫ӣ¥µ˫·Ҫпʲô
¥µһ˫ӣޱȣ·ħֻһۣ͸оԼ·ҪʧУʱɫһ䣬æջԼĿ⡣
һʱ䣬Щľս¥£ʵ̫ˣ
ܺ棿
¥µĿڳϣһЦЦݣ崺磬Ըоһ泩¥£˼塣
˵ͷǡ
Ҿ͸㡣
¥µһЦܿ죬¥̧֣￴һԴ壬ƾճ֣Դ壬ͬһԴ壬ͨ塰ɫ
һ
ȻԴ壬˵ǰ¥£ӵлɫԴ츳
ԴеԴ츳ԲʺɫΪ
ɫ츳ֻڳɫ츳֮£ڱȳɫ츳Ҫߵĳɫ츳֮ϣ˾ȡ
ȻҲֻǾȡ
һ¥µԴ屾壬ȻŵĿɿڴɫ츳һ̶ϣѾڣͻƵʣʲô¡
ﾪȣΪ¥Դ󣬳Լ⣬֪츳õˡ
ɫ츳ȻԶɫ츳ԴڣȴҲǺ
ڣ𣿡
¥µĿ⣬ڳϣ΢΢һЦ
¥£㡭ܿҵԴ屾壿
һʵҪ֪¥ǲĿԿ͸Դ츳ǵĻ¥Ҳʵ̫ˡ
ңɫ츳Դ츳
һ֪ɴС
ڣ֪¥µľ뷨ԣ
һ˫ӣ¥£գһۣ´ʲô
¥¿ôһЦȻû취
˵¥û취˿ղž;ã¥ӦҲܿҲûмڻüһǾ
Ĺ۲Һûзʲôߡ
ţ˾Բ׾ٵķŹ
ϾɫԴ츳¹ش
¥㡭
￴¥£ϼһ˿˿棬ţ¥¼ȻԼԴ屾壬Ǿ֪ԼԴ屾岻򵥣ܺ棬¥µôֵģ
ң¥¶̬ȣҲʶ¥¹֪Դ츳
ʵͨҵԴ屾Ӧġ
Ļ¥µһЦҲûж˵ҵԴ屾壬ǻɫ츳Դ塭ԴͻƵ˧κ󣬾ͷֻҪǿԴ츳Ӧ
֮ǰˣӦˣʱҲܷң
¥µĿ⣬ڳϣ΢΢һʵ֪˶ʲôΪεԴ񣿡


630 츳
ҡҡͷôܻ֪
ﻹһ˿˿棬ʲôˣ¥µķӦô
ˡһǰʣʡ
¥»˵֮䣬Լżּ
ʣ
¥µĻҲ̲ססˡ
ʣ֮ϵĴڣ֮ϣһʣ
ԴôãǿĴڣɾǵİͳ죬Լ
ĸ
¥̾ʵǿ󣬳ҵ󡭡ʱǵʱΪֻжࡣ
ĬȻ
ʱҲӦҵԴ츳չˡ֪Ϊλ⺮
˵¥¿
Ц¥ôô⣬ңôش
¥ƺҲ˳Σ˵Ϊ⺮ĵһλʵĺˡ
ˣ
סˣĺˣ
ݳ֪ԴУӦòԭסɣ
ǲǺܾȣ
ı飬¥²ȣڳͷԺ󣬷Ż˵ԴڣʵŮԴڡȻҲǾûŮԴ񡣾ҿеλʣӣһλŮԴ񡣡
ȻҲò̾ǸʵȻҵŮԴ񣬻Ϊ˷򸾡
¥¼˵ʵǵ£˵ҲĽûнԴ֮ǰʶˡ
ûԴ֮ǰʶˣ
¥µĻﵹЩˣü˵¥£֪ûнԴʱÿ˶ԴƿߡǵӣȴǲܴԴġ
ңԼҲ޷Ľ¿ٳԴ塭
¥¹һЦ˵ļ̳أѡһŮԼ̳أ
̳ˣ
¥µĻһ㶣û
¥µĻ뵽ղ¥£ɺȻʵ¥£ѵλʵӣٳǸԴļ̳ˣ
ǡ
¥µ˵ͷôǲǺ𺳣
ͷһȻ£ֹ𺳣ԣֱЩ˷˼
ʵǷ򸾣ҲĽġ
¥̾Ȼ
ĵ
￴¥£ʵ
ʵĵλʵĺˣԴģԴ壬Ժη
ϾһԴͬûм̳κ˵Դ塣
ǲǺ棬Դ
¥΢Цʵ
ǡ
ͷľ
Դ壬˵Ҳ֣ȴ˵ĸһ֮ڣԴˣͺ˿ٴиһ㡣
¥¼˵λʽչ˵ʱֻһС񳤴ϣֻǳΪ˺ĵңΪ֮죬զࡣ
ʲô츳
ʵ
ɫ츳
¥˫һ˵
ﾪȣ˵츳¥»ߣ
¥£⺮
ɻʵ
⺮ĸġ
¥Цĸ׵Դ츳ǲĸףֻǳɫ츳ڶԴ֮УҲ˲Ĵˡ
ԣΪȻ
ԴԺ󣬶ԴеԴ츳Ҳһ⡣
ضɫԴ츳Դ
ɫûвʺɫеκһɫһ˿һĳɫûС
ЩˣԴֱͨӱˡ
Դ֮ͨڣֻҪŹһʱ䣬ڵԴ壬ͻᷢ츲صı仯츳Ҳߡ
һһҹͳɾɫԴ츳ҲԴ츳
Դ壬ܾòȵɫ츳
¥¿һ˫ӣ˸⣬ʵ
΢΢һЦҲû˵ǣҲû˵ǡ
ܿ죬̲ססˣΪ¥һͷô˵Ҳ¶ˡ
һƺûϰɣ
¥£δ̫Ϊˣ
Ҳûжͣ¥ҪôȥֱܲӶ¥˵ССүˣСү츳ɫԴ츳ɣ
ɫ츳Ҵûǵ츳ǿʣҲɫת˳츳
¥̹Ȼ
Ǻأ
ɻʵڲʶȻ¥˵ɫ츳ȴɫתʮ츳
¥µ츳ղſһǻɫתʮ츳ͨɫ
ɫת츳
¥»˵ĿڳϣɫԴ츳תɣ
һ㶣뵽Լֱܲ˵Լɫתʮ츳æ˸ڣ˵ɫתɡ
ɫתɡˡԴ츳ߵԴ񡣡
¥µ˵ͷ˵츳պ˵ʣۣҲδûлɾ͡
ۣ
¥µĻһ
ۣ֮ϵĴڡ
ɫ츳ܳΪۣ
ܿͻعʵ
Ϊʲô츳ſԳɾۣɫ츳ɫ츳
Ļ¥²ȻʧЦ
ĬȻ
¥¼˵ֻɫת츳Ҳ͵ˡдԵ
㶼֪
ﾪˡ
¥ЦԼӦɫ츳Ӧۡɫ츳ߵɫ츳ǶӦ𡭡
ɫ츳ԴڣǼΪĴڣÿһλ𣬶ӵпĴڡ
˵¥ϵЦһ𾴣ɫ츳Ǵ˵еĴڣֻд˵еһλž츳˵һλ֮ˡ
˵¥е𾴣Ⱥͳݡ
óһݸ
¥£һŷǷʿ¶飬ȷʵҲоЩӦ
Ҳ֪˵¥£Դκһ𣬶
û̫о
ΪԼҲӵɫԴ츳ԭɡ
ʱ¥¼ˣ֮ǰҸ˵Դ츳ɫתҲǴɫԴ츳ʼתԽ࣬Բ߲ε۾磡
ѵɫԴ츳ǶӦʣ
￴¥£һȻ
ǡ
﷢֣ıɶˣ¥ٴ˵ֻӵɫ츳ˣԼӵлɫתʮ츳ģͻƵʡ츳ˣǻѸʱ䣬ҲֻͣھΣûٴͻƣΪʲεżǻɫתʮ츳
˵¥µԼżЦ⡣
Ȼ֪¥Ϊλˣ˵¥Ǵʲε೵
Ļɫתʮ츳պĳɾͣҲˡ
˵¥΢΢һ̾
ʺǿˡ
ҡҡͷ¥»Ǳ֪
ȻҲ֪¥²ĲǴ顣
ϾԼǵˡ


631 
ڣҶ̬𣿡
¥¿һЦһ˫ǵӣ˸ŵĺ⡣
˵ͷ¥¶˵ˣȻҲ˽ˡ
֪һ塭ڴڼ䣬ϣΪЩ¡ȻǾԲġ
¥Ŀ˳һָۣ
΢΢һЦ¥˵ЦˣҲǺһԱȻҪΪ¥¿ɻ££ҾȻȥˡϾ֮󣬻ҵ鷳
˵￴¥һۡ
¥¹һЦţ֮㣬Ȼǡ
䣬Գš

¥һ̧֣гöת˸ųɫĹΣõ
Ŀⲻײһ
еʺõϣΪ
¥һ̧֣ö˳
Ŀһ¥һͷл¡
¥µ˵ͷ˵ȥɣ
ֱȥȻǳ𺳡
֮ǰ¥¸˵ĻһʱûܷӦڻعϸϸĻǷ飬ǵĲˣþƽ
ȥԺվڴе¥ߣͻȻһˡ
һ׳˶ˣü͸¶ϣһ˫ӣ
¥塣
¥µʱ͸¶һ˿˿𾴡
Σ
¥ʡ
˿Ц¥壬ȻɫԴ츳δȻǲǺܸǣϣҲǵ컯
ǰ
¥µ˵ͷĿЩƮ죬δעۣǺεǿĴڡ
ΪȻͷһ˫ϵӣ¶һ˿˿Ĺ
һߣ뿪¥µסһѲӵˡ
ֵܣߡ
Ϊ׵ˣԳһºЦݡ
һЦȥ
ˣʲôˣôо´˶̬رͬ
Ϊ˵һͷ̲࣬סʵ
ž
Ϊ̧־͸ͷԴһƣСӣûȥʱ¥Գӭӵġ

˵Ļͷ೹סˡ
Ǹˣô£
ȥʱ򣬷ﻢڣҲû⡣
Щ
ڷĴϣĿ⣬ϣö֮ǰ¥¸ġ
һͽöֱȥ
ɲǼ䣬ֻоһɰԵߣڿʼŰֻоȫ´һʹ󣬸Щ̲ˣ
ۣ
ҧгݣɰԵޱȵľȻҲҡҡ׹
öѵϵĴΪģ
ͻȻһͷ
ȻÿӦõ
ڵǰ磬ĵȼҲֵģΪŵȡʶöӦþõеƷҩôԵ
亹ͻȻЩڣԼ̫żˣ
ڣСʱ󣬳һ۶ˮʪ
ʱ򣬳֮ڱһɫƵɫԴ屾壬ӿһȫ˹ȥģҲоԼ࣬ٲ֮ǰһѰˡ

˿ϸֳһĨٺϲá
ܿ죬ϵˡ
ΪڵɫԴ嶯ɫԴ屾֮ϣȻֳһɫԴ
ͻˣ
Щɣû뵽ôĪ£ԼֱӾͻˡ
ЩЩʼϲ
˼飡
һ鼤ƽڵٴͻƣˡࡱΡ
ǱʮǰǸٷ򳤣ҲֻһΡ
ңҲ֣Դ屾֮ڣвǱС
ţԼԺЩٴμΪһ֡
ࡣ
ϣһĨЦݡ
ʱ洫һóﻢ㲻Ҫˣ
ٺ١ҵĶҲһȺεĴڡǳֳĹǾԲµġ
ߣãһƫ㣬ľͲ㣡
Ҳûô
ڻЦóˣȥδʮˡ

ﻢóüͷ
ܿ죬ʶ뿪ˡ
ﻢ
̤߳Դԣﻢüô£ȥʲôˣô
ﻢһЦûûʲô
ţ
üͷĿ΢ﻢмܣһЦʵҲûʲôһȦٺ١

ɫһȥֵطʲô
ﻢЦⲻԺӵ쵽ôҺЩ꣬ûӵʲô׬ġԴ顯Ҳࡣ
Դ飬Դһ׻ҡ
ȻԴ֮ڵĸߵλһȴҲǺö
ԽԴ飬ԸļԴ֮Դٶȡ
˵ףԴ飬֮ͬȻ̲ͬһˡ
Ժӣģ
ﻢĻ̲סһ㶡
Ȼǡ
ﻢҡͷ𺮳еķӡȫͬӣ⻨Դ顣ںûԴ飬û㡣
ﻢĻﵹǿ⡣
⺮ͺһݡ
סں棬һ̶˱ϵã룬õĿܻᱻ͵Ϯ
ΧѲߵġɢߡֹ˿
ںڣҲйκˣֱ͵ϮڽԴ񣬷򣬽ܵƲá
Ҳǣûƣǳ֮䣬ȫڶԷʱ򣬸һǺݵģֱӽɱ
ǸܵõܶԴ𣿡
ʣͻȻһ㡣
ҲҪΪʵң࣬һʤҲ͵õʮöԴ顣
ﻢҡͷһ̾ȻʮϣܵõԴ飬࡭ֻϧҸղʤ˾ųͱлˣǻܻһԺӡ
ǰխԺӣﻢҡͷһЦעû취뿪˰ɡ
ߣ
ʱһߴȴˣȻҲﻢıԹﻢҲʮɣֲǲ֪ÿ˵ʮĶ֣ʮʤ֮ˣǸ˵Ҳˣʵ֮¡
˵ﻢһۣ´ΣȥԺ֮䣬޹ϸ𡣡
ﻢĻҲû֪ڹԼһĿЦ
˫һĿﻢϣﻢǸ˵˵ǸĹ򡣡


632 ¡
ô㲻Ҳȥɣ
Ļһ衣
С֣ҲʡңȥˣԴ֮Ĺ㻹֣
ﻢ˵Ĺ˼ɲмһˡ
ĬȻ
ﻢЦ˵ҲǺһɫǵµһҵֻҪ˭ܽ
ﻢĽ£Ҳ֪ô¡
޷ǾһȺҪ׬Ǯ˺һȺҪĳ
ȻÿһԵĶ֣ͬΪĴڣǿ¡
Ϊ֮ǰרŵĲԣڵǼǳΪߡֲԡ
ҵЩȤˡȥ
￴ﻢһЦúҲЦˣﻢǿһۡ
üպܴġ
޷ѡ
ʼ磬ν
ԣ֪ȰˣҲûж˵ﻢһų뿪Ժӡ
ﻢĴ£ڿĿ
һཨȺΧǵһ̨̨ΧҲˡ
ﻹ֣вڿйսġ
ϿգŲٹս֮ˡ
ѵƱ
һ㶣Ʊô׬Ǯһ㣬Щ⡣
ĻﻢһЦһֱƱģκȤԹսô𣿡
ô׬ȡԴ飿
һɻ
˵ȻƱȴׯÿһȡ޶ĶעӮ˵ˣҪȡѣ˵ˣԴҲͽ
ԣȻԭ׬ׯǮ
ڣҲǽֹ˽ׯģһ֣ɱ
ﻢҲ˵˽ׯֻҪ˾ٱٱ֮ˣԵõһǧԴ顭ԣû˸˽ׯϾһǧԴ飬κһע˽
Ȼǿ⡣
һǧԴ飬Դ˵һʲСĲƸˡ
ﻢ׬ȡľʮöԴ飬ֻҪʮöͿԽɶʮķ⡣
һǧԴ飬סһլԺˡ
β
ʵУʤһʮöԴ顭ΣΣ
ﻢЦʤһʮöԴ飬࣬ǶʮöԴ顭Ҫһ㣬ʮöԴ飡ʤһԵʤңʮʤÿһ඼ԵõһöԴ顣
Ȼ򣬿ʤʮϵˣζ۵
εǼȥ档
￴ﻢ΢Ц˵
ȤﻢʱЦֻҪȥǼǾͺˡߣǹȥ
ﻢһ˵ţһͳߣֱݸ˳һһԼҲϡ
һ㶣ۼĿϵˣƺҲߡ
ϣ˲Ϣ䡭Ϊ˲ǱҪ鷳ˣĿϹߡ
˵󣬵Ǽǵʱ򣬿Եõһʱÿ˶ԼȡһţţҲͰǼ֮һ
Ľͣ˵ͷʾס
ﻢĴ£ϹߵĳһһߵĽȺС
ܿ죬ǵһ
вٵĹ̨вڵǼǳΪʿ
ˣҪǼ𣿡
յһ̨ǰ̨һˣʵ
š
˵ͷ
ܿ죬Ϳʼ˵ǼǣΪԼȥһţ¡
С󣬳ɫرкøУϴ·Ҳһֱɫġ
ˣˣǼǷãʮöԴ顣
ܿ죬˾ΪǼǺˣ˳һźɫĿƬ˵
Դ飿
һ㶣ǼǻҪԴ飿
ʮöԴ顣
ʱǰһ︶Դ飬ţﻢʹųһȥ
ҪĻҪĿƬǱߵǼǡ
ﻢһߣһ߶Գ˵
˵Ĵ£ܿ͵˵ǼǴҲרŵ˸æǼǣš
¡
˵һĺɫƬ˹ȥ
ܿ죬Ǽǵ˵˵ͷֶԳ˵վȥ
ܿ죬ͿԶһʯ̨ʯ̨ڵǼǳߵĵطһģһֱ˹ȥվȥ
ϴһ㣬һɿµ̼һԴ֮
ܿ죬ڳͷ֮ϣֳɫǳ֮
࣡
Ǽǵ˵˵ͷ࣬ǼǺˣʱĹԱĴš
ͷʯ̨
ʱ﷢֣ﻢվԭأʯ
ôŰɣ
ҡͷһЦΪ
ȴǰ춼ûзӦò׻عųͺڿһֻ
ﻢǿŵץץԼĸ첲оʹ󣬲ŵԭҲΡֻǣôࣿѵǰΪɣ
Ҳһɻͺ档
ҡͷһЦǰûΪ֮ͻƣΪ¥ҼöԣҾͻƵΡ
Ļﻢٴסˣﻢŵ˵ɣ¥㣿찡¥µʲôϵΪҪ㡭
ҡҡͷҲ֪ҺԵɡ
һ仰ﵹûк˵¥£ȷʵԵ
ﻢԣһҲУ
ͻƵΣԵľ࡭㣬а𣿡
ﻢĪѾָ˹һصʵ
İɡ
ͷһЦźﻢһ뿪˽Ⱥıϣȴ֮˵
ϣŹߵɱ
ˣࡣ
˵ɱΪңһˣһ˿һĲ࣬ʤԷ
￴һĻҲ̲סһ
ɱֱǶǡ
ԴУΪδһУΪͬˣʵҲͬ
Ͼ࣬ǼΪϡٵĴڣ˭Դ֮ҪһĻʱ䣬ʩչڶȻԴ֮һԴȴϲĽһ㡣
ܿ죬ֽ
֮֮ǰһһʤˣʤ
óһп
Щˣϣһͻᶪ
ϾٵƾеĶ֣ʵ١
λ
ʱϿյ˿ˣݶ绯ףÿһ䣬λʿս
࣡
һڣΧΧ۵ˣĿһ
ʱ﷢һԵļȺ֮ǰ
Щطעĵط棬Ҳ档


633 Ļꡱ
ﵭһЦûдעǿʵϻжԴ飿
ԣΪҪע˵ϻʮöԴ飬ô棿
ҡͷֻúõȴᣬ³ʱѺҵ϶ѡ
ĻȻ򣬶һԵﻢȴǻԷЦôţҪ֪ҵԴ񣬶Ǹƴһǿɾٲ
Ŀ⣬ϣŹߵ³Ծࡣ
³עĵطҲ
˵˵ĴţעҲʼע
ע֣Ƭ֮ͣЪ
ȻһȺڣºע
ʱѾսƾС
ſﻢһЦﻢҪǲңȥѺҵĶӮֻǣʱˣɱҡ
Ȼû˵֮䣬ȴҲżΪǿš
ﻢ˳һۣһ𣿶ңҲ϶ӮԴ֮֮ʮ㣬걬Դ񡣡
ﻢĸȾ£ϵһƵҲɢ
ǰĵģƺЩˡ
ʱ̲ס𣬶ʮǰպﻢʱں⣬ǽͬΪεһ˻˵ġң˶ԳҲķڷ
ڻĿ⣬˼⡣
˼Ȼ֪Ŀ⣬ϡ
࣬տʼƾУ·ˣչֳľ飬Դ֮۵ĳɨ䣬ŶֵԴݺҳ
Ķ֣Ȼ̧Դ֮۵ĳ
һɲǼ䣬ǰеĳ˲ת򣬶Ŷֵļͺݺݵ¡
䣡
һ죬Ķֵİ壬ֱӱҵðȥ

ɲ֮䣬Ǹе࣬ҽһ
䣡
ֻǣĲҽвûгãΪǸù࣬ĳѾٴκХŶֵԴ䡣
һ˶֣
ʤ
ʤ
ʱ˿ˣݶ
ù࣬Ϊ衱
ַƽ¾ٵսۣ
￴裬ϸֳ־ȣʱǿʤԺҲ³ˡ
ʱһȺ֮УһƿڴʲôĶУЩˣ޷ǾǽԴ飬ѹȥǸϡ
ǸˣҲζѺȥԴˮƯ
һˣüЦ
ʤˣ
Ҿ;ãͷȽϿס
׬һöԴ顣

Զ֮ϣߵˣüЦ
⼸ˣҲʿȴΪڣѺ˱Ϊ˷ܡ
￴ϣǸʬ屻ߣ̲ס⡣
࣡
츳һ֮ˣ˵Ҳ꣬ܳʮꡣ
ȻȴǾ
ɱ
ȻҲ֪֮ȫΪԼ̰ģΪʿõԴ飬Ҳᵽ
Ҫʱ׼
ڵɫﻢʵôˣ
ҡͷ̾˿ûʲôֻǾЩп˺ôҲ࣬ΪһЩԴ飬ôʵǿɱƿصԴ֮ڣˣһУҲȻ޴棡
ĻﻢǲþȣҲʲôʵԴУʱ޿̲ˣÿһ˵ϣ縺ԼƿصԴڵһСֻǣʱҪ׷󡣡
࣬£ܿܶʮˡʮԴЩ꣬ҪõԴ飬ͻƵһΡϾûԴ飬軨ѵ¾͸ˡ
ﻢ˵ңһԴ۵һĳ̶ȣڿȥԣҲֻΪ߽ݾһΪѡ
˵ͷ
⡣
츳ޣֻܿʱȥѻ
Щ£Ժ󿴵˾͵Įˡ
˵ﻢ֮ǰԣԴڣÿһ춼ˡÿһˣҲһˡЩˣһƿԴԴ񣿡
ͷ֮ԻΪյԴûãĽࡣ
ܿ죬ƽĿ⣬ٴϡ
ϳࡣ
ƾУһ̶ӣûзֳʤ
ȻҲóһ棬Ǹ໥̽ûȫƴɱ
Ͼһȫƴɱʹֶνһͻᶪ
ڵǣͼҳֵչһɱ
һǾܵõԼҪõԴ飬õԼҪδ
һ̶ϣԴ飬Դδ

Ȼ䣬һȽϾ׳࣬ȫˣһ֣ӡƿأЯһɼΪµԴ֮Х
ಣ
һ࣬Ҳų֣һȭԴ֮绯˺Ӷӭȥ
ʱ֮׺ݵĳײһ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һ̶ıըȴ˲ϵĽ֣ȭ
䣡
ڣǸ֮ǰȳֵľ׳࣬ҵһᣬһĳжֵš
񱩵Դ֮˲ӿ
ֱӽɱ
ʤ
ţ˻ϲ˳
ʤ뿪ȥʬ屻ȥ˼֣Ļ꣬£
˻һ䣬ϣһӰӹƾճһӰ
һںµӰϹߣɢһϢͺĻһ㡭
˵еȣ˫ֲ԰ޱȣ͸¶˫˸ɫĹ󣬷·˶ɡ
ˡ
ﻢ
ͷͷӦˣֻǣĿȴĻˡ
Ķ֣
סеԴ飬Ѻҵϡ
ﻢһͷһЦ̤ն
ﻢҲȥעˡ
ܿ͵ǸĻĶ棬ĻԶһ˫ӻһ˫ɫӵĻꡣ
Ŀ⣬Ļ˫֮ϣֻоЩĿѣԡ
Ļ˫ۣƺЩа졣
ﲻٶ࿴
Ͼͻ
һĻĿдת֮Ű̺ŻԴ֮ǿš
ţȻҲȾ˲ˡ
ãҾѺĻ꣡
һ֪򵥣ڼȻҷųݻҲЩʵҲѺ
ѺĻ꣬һöԴ飡

עƵۡ
Щ˵ĻﻢһۣҡͷһЦȴǽϵԴ鶼Ѻ˳ϡ
Ѻ¡
ﻢϵԴ飬ȫѺ˳ϡ
õעƱݣҲ뿪ˡ


634 ʤ
ƱݣЦЦǽ׬һˡ
ﻢЦһ֮ǰǶԳﲻŵôһͱˣ
ﻢĻɰһۣ֮ǰԼܵƴһʱûܻعԳԴ֮ĺ֮սʤͬΪ࣬Ӧò⡣
Ҿóأһˡ
ﻢԶһ£Źߵĳü
ߣ˵¥ôصˣûһˣ
ΪȻͲµˡ
¥ʲôˣ
һǿߣƽʱǺĵ¥£ҲǱϹϾ
λ£ƺҲ¥µĺѣʵǺĵ
˵ںڣµĵλȻ絺ʵȴǶڵ֮ϡʱҲЩ֣λôǿĹ£ȥ¶ܵõãȻССĺ
Ҫʼˡ
ʱע˵ﻢ˵
ʱ˹ȻҲʼˡ
˵Ŀ˸Դ֮۳һխ
һǰԼƿصԴõĹСΪƣֻǣȻǹɵԴڣһֻǷ
Դ֮εխ׾پܷϵУնϡ
ʱĻ꣬Ҳ˶һ绯˹ȣֱӳ
Դ֮ܿͻ۳һų
ХըһЯżΪµԴ֮Դ֮ϵĻڽ֮ϣ·ڲϵۣؼʱ̣չֳǿĹ
ݣ
𵴣ٷ·𶼱ĻӰ졣
￴һĻǷЦҲѧĻ꣬Դ֮ڵ⣬ĻӶһӭȥЯŷƥ
ֱԶײ
ͷ֮ϸ۵ɫǳ֮ҲƺֱӶԺһų貵ĹѤ̻
һ̣ΧΧ۵һȺڣž
ײЯԴ֮ɲ׶ġ
ʱ˭ˣˣˡ
ֻһ·
Ӳƴ
ڣһڴĿ֮£ײһ𣬵ͽֱӺһ𡭡
Դ֮۶ɣײһ֮ҲԴ֮ıƴ
䣡
ȻĻϣһɿµԴ֮Ű

ʱĻеĳԴ֮񱩣һѹ˳ų߱ƽ
һĻ
Ӯˣ
ҵԴϾ͵ˡ

Χ۵һȺڣһĻΪĻӮˡ
ұ뱬ţѹ£ڿȴ䶨ˡ
ȻҲһЩںĪ
ôĻ꣬Լֻ˵Լ̫嶯ˣû۹⣡
һЩˣ̲סЩڡ
˵Χ۵һȺˣ˭
⣬Ҳֻﻢˡ
һĻﻢЦˣǸĻ꣬ȻʼƴԴ֮ΪⶸȻܳ𣿿»ûӰ쵽ͺˡ
ʵһĻ˶ֻϧĲһˣǳ
ϣҲһ˿Ц⣬Ŀϡ
񣬳еխҪĻĳû
˵Ͼͻ
Ļɫӣųͺڿһˡ
ƵᣬΪ
Ļ񱩵Դ֮Ҫϵʱ򣬳˶Դ֮һҲĿ
񱩶Կ񱩣ʱֹĻĹ
ȻƬ֮󣬳ͿԸоĻԴ֮ЩˣҪһʱ´߶Դ֮
Ȼʱ䲻Ҫ̫ǳ
Ƿ񶨵ģ
𣿡
ղûĻ꣬ڣȴһĨЦеϿ񱩵Դ֮Ű߶
Ļִ֮֮ǰֱӴݿĻĹӹ͸Ļ壡
ʱĻ߶ĺ֮ո𣬾ֱɢ١
䣡
Ļڣ
ʤ
ʱΧ۵ĹڳסˣƬ֮󣬱ֿڵ˷
Щ֮䣬ȥĻ꣬ұΪôţʤû뵽Ƿһ
û״̬ͦţƵģû뵽˹ؼʱ̾ˡ
̫ˣȻһʼȫ߶Դ֮йö˿ɳ֮ĵ͵ȴܷȻҲ
һԼҲˡʧôԴ顣
컹ǵ˴ù

ڴ˵ƿڴҲһüЦЩ˶ѺӮģ۵ãһǼһôţ֪Ǹ
ղ˭˵飬ῴ˵ģôѺԱˡ
ǣղǻ˵ǣأ
ҿѺ˶öԴǸµϣ׬ˡ
Ǿͼȥɡ

һʱ䣬֮ǰ̵һȺˣʼһȺ֮ǰ̹ǵˡ
úһΣÿ졣
ҲԷΪȷʵѡˣҲʧԴ飬һֻܴ̣ζҲֻԼܳˡ
һУԳԣֻ־ѡ
Ϸһ˿ЦݣԶĽȺȡԴȥˡ
ʮöԴ飬ˡ
ȡԴԺ󣬳һȥǼǣȻûֱ֡
£ڶ
Ǽǵ˵˵ͷݹĺڿ˳
ǳݱǡ
ϾǴŹߵģûϳ
ջ˺ڿصﻢߣʱԿﻢϵЦݣôɣ
ﻢһЦʮöԴ飬һʮö׬ʮö
˵ͷҲ׬ʮöﻢš
һ˵ţһ߽ԼղŵõʮöԴݸﻢ
ǣ
ﻢһ㶣һʱûܷӦƺ֮ǰϲ֮У׬ȡԴ飬Ҹ
ﻢһۣﻢһⶼһעû´ĻӦûеڶ
￴ﻢЦôﻢôԴˣ
ﻢ˳һۣ㲻˵
˵ţﻢ˳ʮöԴ飬ʲôʱֵ㣿
ӦҪĵһɡ
Ŀ⣬ϣĶԾһһ˾ͱֱɱˡ
ţǼҵĶԾ
һԴ񣬾ôɱ
׸գ£
ܿ죬˵ٴδݶ
һ׳˶ͷţ׳䵽ڣϣŹߡ
ﻢһͷҲ˳
ܿ죬ͺ׳š
׳ĿƽȴɢһŰϢԴ֮
׸գȴҶİĿǰΪֹ׸Ѿʤս
ʱ˿ˣʤ֮УǼΪѵõġ


635 ּ¥
׸գ
ڵĶ֡
ʤ
˵ϯһƬڡ
һ¾ûôˣ׸գ»ȻʵȺѺ
ҲѺˣѲʤһнҳɷڣѺ׸գ
ߣѿ϶ӮһѺ£

ע㣬
һΣѺʤȷʵࡣ
ϾһεĶ׸պ֮ǰǸĻȫͬʤǿߣӵзḻǿߡ
ϤҶѺˡ
ﻢȥעʱﻢ̲סЦ
üͷһƣȻû˵ʲôĿ˵һУҲǺﻢһԳäĿΡ
Ѻ£
ܿ죬˾ͽеԴ飬Ѻ˳ϡ
ܿ죬ע
ϣড
ڵͿգǰ׳˶׸գһ˫ӣƽޱȡ
СӣҪ㣡
׸ӷһ˿ųͳ
ﲢûлӦ׸գ׸һƵơ
㣡
׸ձһ绯һ磬˳Ӵ壬Ͳ׸
¾Ȼŭ׸գֱ
׸մ⣬ٸ׸һʤ
ͣ׸ȡʤսΪִˣ̫ࡣ
ǣ˵ڿ϶ǹģ׸ʧȥǣȻһٸɵ׸գ

һȺڣ۷׷ףѡ
˵ǲںںԼոעѺȥԴ顣
ûϣԼ䣬ϾһǾͻʧȥԴ飬ǽһʹ顣
ಣ
׸պܿͳ嵽˳ǰߺӣ˸ɭȻɱ⣬Сӣھȥ
䣡
׸һȭҳ·Ϊ֮һȦȦϵɢ˳ȥ
׸ͷ֮ϣʵĳɫǳ֮֡
ĿмżִЦ⣬˿ãֱӭȥҲһȭ
ɫǳ֮֡
䣡
ȭͷ˿ֱǱ׸Сһš
ͺһӤڸ˶ȭһ㡣
Щڣ̲סЦȻҺ׸Ӳƴֱ
飡
ڳ׸նһȭʱǸͷ֮ϵɫǳ֮Ҳײһ
ʱ䣬·һͣ١
׸գվԭأí˾ȭͷԺһ˵ڣԴ֮Űϵӿ
䣡
׸ȭͷһŰԴ֮͵ըԼԳķߡ
䣡
ֻϧҲǳصģԴֱ֮Ӻݺݵĺɨӭ׸յԴ֮
Ƭ֮׸ȭͷԴ֮˺õļ
ʼ׼ˣ
ȻҪټһ󣬵ȶԷԴ֮Ҳĵһĳ̶ȡ
ڶЩˣԷ϶Ҳˡ
ֻǣܿɵˡ
Ϊ֣ԷȭϵԴ֮Ȼ嫣ȴ޾ûֹһ㣬ϵĳײ
ܣ
׸ղԸһģϣԴ֮϶ϾҪˡˣӦÿˣ
ţԸᡣ
ų֮һ̵
Ϊ֪֣϶ҪԳӿԴ֮ʱᱻֱɱ
ڣٲ߶Դ֮Ҳһ³
ߣ
￴׸վһɫͲµ׸ڵı֣׸Ҳ벻Դ֮Ŀ£಻ɣ
ǿ֮ĩ
￴׸գл³֡
ĸ֣׸ڵдգ
ڵ׸գǿ֮ĩ
ҷ֣ҲҼ߶һԴ֮
ȴף׸ѡĽһ
ڣ׸յֿһ˿Ȼ޴档
䣡
ʱȭͷϿ񱩵ϯûκ谭һȭֱӺ׸յϡ
䣡
һը죬׸յ壬ֱӱһȭ򱬣ŰԴ֮ϯ𣬽׸յ飬ճ˻ҽ
׸գޣĲ
ΧΧ۵һȺڣһƬš
ǿ
̫ǿˣ

ٹڣȻޱȡ
ҵԴ顭Ǹ׸գôҲʤˣȻôûãһȭɱˡ
һڣ̲ס
ҲӦһȺڣ׷׸
ȻҲһЩڣüЦ۹⡣
ǣסߣȡԴȥ

ܿ죬һѺԱĹڣ׷ȥȡԴˡ
ǿʱ򣬶üЦ
Ҳٴ߽һĽ֮С
ϵǣȡԴԺ󣬼һˡ
¥£
ǰʿһȻû뵽¥»

ʿĿ⣬Ƕ䣬·͸ϵĹߣݡ
¥£ô
ʵ
ǵµĲҵڴôͻȻ
¥˾ʵ
ЦǸһġҪҪ׬ȡһЩԴ飬ʱҵԺ
Դ飬ò
ٶԴ飬ٶҲǼԺԲơ
Ϊ츳ԴõɫԴ츳츳ٶȣԴԴٶȵļޣٶȣٶԴ飬Ҳ޷
ҪԴ飬ҲǹһЩԼﻢһ
ʱòϡ
ԣΪﻢһһĻ
ǸխԺӣԼסŶ
ҪԺֱӸ˵ˡ
¥΢΢һЦ˵
һЦ¥ҺܶˣҲҪĶ
㲻Ҫˡ
¥Цһ˫ǵӣ˸Ĺ
¥¿ҪҰæ
ʵ
¥΢΢һЦûֱӻӦǷʵղźһսҵǿһԴ֮ƺϲ軻ô£
¥µĻĿһҲɾп¥۹֮
û뵽һܶ¥·ˡ
Ц¥£ҵԴ֮ȻҪֻǣһԴȴǿԳʩչһȫʩΪʮҪңԼֶʮ
һ㣬ҲǳԹġ
ԼԴ֮󣬺˺ҲﻢԹΡ
ȷԼԴ֮һԴʱֺõ
ȻǰĶֵΪκ൱
̫󣬾Դ֮⣬ԷֱȫһԽɱ
Ŷ£
¥ĻҲ̲סһ㶡
Ȼʶ㣬Ҳ֪ô£ʲôʱʼһģ
Ц¥£ԴԴԺ󣬾һֱˡطһûʲôͬǡ


636 ʮԴ
ﻹû˵꣬¥¾Ѿ̲סϣֱ˵˼ǣԴ츳
ǡ
ͷ
¥ƺûɫԴ츳֮ˣ¥ΪɫԴ츳ӵߣ׫Щ¥ӦҲỳɡ
ʵ֤뷨ǶԵģ¥²ûлɣû뵽ɫԴ츳ɫԴ츳Ľ
¥֮䣬żĽȻҲֻĽ
ԴУһ˵Դ츳ٺãɱҲò츳
ô˵ͬԴ֮Уʵ޵С
¥¼˵ΪһɫԴ츳֮ˣԴ꣬ȻҲ֪ʲô
¥£⻰Щˡ㲻˵ˣԴУɫԴ츳ۣѵԴУûۣЩۣȻɫԴ츳ӵߣǿ϶Ҳиһʵ
ҡҡͷ˵
¥ԣһ㶣ͷһЦ˵Ҳǡ֪Ҳͷˡ
ģ
Щ¥µĻ
ܿͻס
¥ԣܿˡ
ڽ֮У˺üݡ
ݣҲඥ档
⣬¡һȺڵڴ£ݸɵ
󣬼ϵӮ
Ҳ׬һʵԴ顣
ڳĹڣûһӮġ
Ϊġʵ̫ˡ
̫ùˣ
׬ȫˡ
ߣؼˣˣ

ӣһ¥֮Уﻢ¥Զվ
¥¡
ﻢ¥µʱ򣬶Щ
ǲʶҲǵ컯
¥¶ﻢ˵ͷһ̧֣һŵһԺѾáԺ󣬾͸ǰɡ
¥µ̧֮£˳
ӹ¥һЦлл¥¡
㻹ҿ
¥ҡͷһЦ̧֣˳һöָԴ飬ǽ׬ȡԴʮ֮һЩӦõġ
¥һ仰óһ
ﻢǷ׷׺Ȼ
ʮ֮һ
⡭
ǿһ
ڳĲ֮£ƿеӮ
һ㣬֪ĻǼš
һȺڣȻﲻϵĽн£ȴףûһ˻֪࣬ûһ˻֪˱ݣϵɱԼǰһݵˡ
һУעܡ
ȻҲĴ׬
˵׬ȡԴ飬ԱȵϹȥʮ졣
Ҳ˵ڵõԴ飬ɱȹȥһ졭
һʲô
ҾͲˡ
¥µ˵ͷ¥£ûµĻǾȸˡ
š
¥µͷʲôЦԺʱӭһ׬ȡԴ顭Ժǻǳʮ֮һ󡣡
ԺҪȱԴˣ϶
ҲЦ⵹һ׬Ǯ·ûΣգҸɴࡢֱӡ
ȻҲֻгţ˵ûΣա
һԴ˵ֱجΡ
൱ڽȥˡ
ʵһЩɣ
ʵǿһҲԶ֮ء
ﻢҲ¥кһźͳһ뿪ǵϵľݣȴǳٳδɢȥ
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣ¥¸һԺˣôԴ顭㿴жԴ飿
ﻢĿ˳
Ҳ̲סһ˺档
Ҫ֪ÿעĹڣ˵ҲӴˡ
Щ˾һ׬ȡԴ飬һʾ˵Ŀ
ﵭһЦָĿָʱ򣬾ԴûʲôûʲôҲɵ΢΢ݡ
⡭ôࡣ
˿ĭЩѵ˵
ж٣
ﻢʵ
û㡭Ҳʮöɡ
˵
ʮö
ﻢɵˣ⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣҺƽʱƴҲͼʮϰöԴ顣
Ŀһǿ⣬ϾǺ׬ǮĲҵ׬ȡôԴ飬Ҳ֮СߣȥǸԺ
ܿ죬˾Ͱյҵ˴Ժ
ԺܿǰԺԺ
Ժӵм䣬һĽ㣬ʮ䣬Ϊ
ԺӺô󡣡
ﻢ˫۷Ź⣬Ժ˵ҲҪԴɡ
Ȼ
һҲֳݣ¥ƺĺܿ㡭־ĴԺ㡣
ﵭһЦɲ͸ҵģ͸ǡ
ﻢٺһЦͱˣ֪֮еġҪ㣬¥ѹͲʶǣ˵ǴԺ

Ҳͷ
ôʲô֮ǰס
ҡͷһЦԣﻢѣԴѱͲ࣬ԣرϧ
˵ѣ̲ס
Ҳ֪һ봫󣬱͵ʲôطȥˡ
ǸƵطôܸȡ
ﻢٺһЦϳЦݡ
ţʲôﻢˣһˣ
ﻢܴóΪ֮һһﻢ
ʲô£
ɫ
Ⱑ֮ǰСԺǽģڲסˣǲӦýҪ
ﻢ˵
һ
ȴǷӦԣҲˡǸƺͲûˡ
˵ǼʮöԴ𣿡
ҡҡͷִָȡöԴ飬ЩԴ飬һһ򡭡ðɡ
ﻢȴûнӡ
󣬻ǳ֣˲Ž¡
ﻢһۣ̾˿Ƿ˳ܶࡣ
ˣҲȥЩɡȱʯþˡ
￴ﻢЦҲ¥˵ˣԺֻҪҪʱȥ׬ȡԴ顣
ﻢ˵ͷ
ڳͬԴкеʵǵҲĽúܣʵϣֱ
ܿ죬ڴԺĽѡһ䣬ʼ
Դ֮ϵĽ㣬Դ֮ڡ
Դ֮ڡ
ǧλ潻㣬񣬻ص˷֮С
񣬳ķӡɶڵϵһ̲ɹֻ̫̲Ƿ򸾶ˡ
һ˽˵죬ǳոġ
񣬳ＸǬ½ļңᵽ
һȺˣڵϳһӴҵ۹
ҵ۹ĶˡءҲǬ½ĵۻƿء
Ǭ½Ͷҵĺˡ
˽˵죬Ҳǳ㻨Ǯġ


637 ָ
磬ԴǱôˣ
ɶʵмżֺ档
Դ磬ɶһֱܺ档
ЦЦʱûʲô£ڱչһαչأҪһʱ䡣
ɶͷڳļϣϹҸЦݡ
Դʱ䣬Ҫ࡭
ȻȥԴ꣬ϣȴֻǹһ꣬һУȥһ㡣
ļˣҲ˵ϡ
ᴩиҵ
еˣֲͬǬ½
ĶӡȻȥѧУﵱʦ֪ʱҲһԡ
Сӵİˢӣȥʦ
ʵ֤СĻ񻹱Ϊʦ
ڳĸ磬бɣ˾磬񶼺Ľһ𡭡
˵ڸĺֵʲô档
ϵʱ仺ûɶߣͧԶΣҲޱȡ
ಣ
һӰԶӶ˳ͧļװϣȴһӡ
ƣһôˣ
ӣﲻҡͷһЦ
ӣߣ޻Σơ
СӣҲǸ˵ܶˣԺҪٽơ
ƵۣԳﲻ˵
ǰûʱ򣬶ڡơ֣ûʲô֪
ɵ˵ϣر˻ԺƲʶԭЩСޱȵСҲǵ˳֮Ϊơ
ƺܲˬ
ޣһλ񣬵λЩСܱȵģ
ҡͷһЦҽʲô
ֻҪƣС
ư˵һĲ⡣
˵ġ
￴ƣͻȻЦˡ
ԣʱ
ԺҾͽ㡮ˡ
ЦЦһӶ
СӣҲŹģ
׷ȥ
ɶվڼװϣһĻҡͷһЦ
Դ磬ھ򣬺
ʱŷɿ죬׾Թ϶
ת֮䣬ʮȥˡ
ʮʱ䣬㹻¡
٣ڳϵͲ١
ʮΰƣҲ׬ȡӴԴ飬ﻢҲѾûȥȡڣ¥µİ£»˳Ϊߡʸ
ȻҲֻʱǳΪߡ
¥һ£˵Լޣ޷һΣ˾ͻٴαԭΡ
һ㣬ﻢƺںˡ
ﻢĻ˵˳ôҲȱԴˡǷΪߡѾ޹ؽҪ
Ҳһ뷨
ĴԺﰲϣɹ̫
ﻢˣ
֮£̤նںΧһй
󣬳˺ߣһӪ֮⡣
ǻӪأ
һµʲôط
ͬʱ̲ס˵Ǹٷ򳤣ԼǸӡ
ȴ֪ǷҲ
ڳĹ磬Ҳǵһ仰
˵ܲٲܲٵ
˵ģҲǳٵ
ʲôˣ
λڻӪصϿգûпΡ
ɲǼ䣬һӻʿӿնһӻʿʮˡ⻹ǳΪ֮ȻģóȻǣһӻʿеΪ֮ˡ
Ȼȥǰӻһףһ۾˳ӣǵǸӡ
֣ȴЮֵĻӡ
СӣʲôˣΪλǻӪϿգٶȥ
һʿһȺʿվ˳һ˫ӣвĹ
Ҫ뿪
ֻǣȴû
ǡ
겻ƺò
￴Ϊ׵ӣҲǸӣһЦ
ӣһ̶ϣġˡ
Ǹ֮ǰǳĻʿۿôĶӳкɵˡӣʶӳ
һʱ䣬
ĻӣڵĻСӳʱҲһ㶣û뵽
תһ룬¶˼Ц⡣
ڣ뵱ƺ˰˰ɣ
Ǽˣˣϻ
µļˣԼն䣬ʧߡ
ʣµһȺʿ֪ʲô¡
ǻӵΧȻΧȴΪǻ֪׷ʲô¡
ӣʶǵĶӳ
ǵĶӳƺҲʶӡ
֮䵽ʲôϵһҲ벻ԣֻѭųóֻһ˿һĻᡣ
ֻǣǺܿͷ֣ӣƺû뿪˼
Ȼû뿪
֮ϣΧһȺΧסԼĻʿ޶á
ߣ
ǻӪصķǷһĨЦ
ղŵǸӣҲͻĻӣΪͻȻȥȻµõԭ򣬶ԷڿѾȥȱˡ
öãܼǸٷˡ
뵽иֳһƴЦ⡣
ڻӪ֮С
յĻӣĻһСӵСӳæһӪ֮У磬磡
Ӫ֮Уһ׳˶ӣĿ
ͻȻ˴׳˶ӵɫһ˫򴳽СӳʲôôëëģҲǸ˵ǻҪúñ֡һ㲻ܳΪߣԺҲ
ӣǱǧ򳤴˿μ㣿
˵׳˶һĺɸ֡
׳˶ͷһСӳҲ̲ססˣΣعһĿЦ磬ҡҲǡ磬ҡ
ôڻ˵ˣ
׳˶ӿСӳģüͷһ
磬СˣСˣ
Сӳһ׳˶Ӿͺ
˭ˣ
׳˶ȻûзӦüͷʱĸˡ
СӳЦ磬㲻˰ɣǰҵǼǳΪߡʱǸЮҡвӡ˵ľ
׳˶ԣһ

׳˶ӷӦһ˫˸⡣
ǰǼ£Ȼǵá
ǾΪİٷԺ¡
һεġԴ񡱣ȻΥĻ
ΥĻҲˣǸྐྵȻҿܣв
ʱ𵱳£ÿһŭɵ;ԷŰɱˡ
ǣ磬
Сӳۿ׳˶ˣ¶ϲ֮ɫ


638 ࣡

׳˶ֱվһ˫˶ӣ˸˵Ĺ󣬡ܣӦѾ˰˰ɣ
ǣ硣
СӳҲǸӣæͷһ˫ӣ˸˵ĺ⡣
޲ýǸ˴ң
һĻĳ裬һҲ
ǾͺáȻǾҪ
׳˶ӵͷСӳ뿪Ӫʣ
磬ǻӪϿա
Сӳæ˵ͬʱնֱһ˫ӣ˸һ˿˿ͺѾǸ˱ɱһĻ
ಣ
׳˶̤ն绯һ磬һ˫ӣ˸˵Ŀ⣬ȥҵҪû˹´˱ӻ
ȻóǱˡ
ŭͷûȥΪλ
ңڰ֪֮ûƾ裬ܹ
˻
֮ϣΧһȺʿ˿ᣬҪӣЩʿ¡
ֻˣЩʿʮҲסڵ
ڵɲǰǰ
ţ
ͻȻǲʲôüͷһĿ·ܴ͸գһУ͸նӰ֮ϡ
ӰԳԣôϤ
һˣǸոȥСӳҲǰǰߵǼǴӵĻӡ
һˣǵӵ׳˶ӡ
׳˶ӣһ㲻׵ݣٷ򳤣
ô
ĿһƽĿ˿
˵һҪΪ˶
Լһ󷽵ˣڣǰĳˣģ纮

ڣ׳˶ӺСӳն𣬳ڳǰԶĶų
ٷ򳤴ˣ
ٷ򳤴ˣ

ΧסһȺʿĶ׳˶֮䣬𾴡
׳˶ӵ˵ͷúܺãһȥɡ
ǣ
һȺʿԣõһԡ
￴׳˶ӣҲյǸٷ򳤣һ˫ӣƽĹ󣬾ͺڿһİˡ
ȻڳԺУһĻȴǲϵӹ
Ҫô
Ҫôɣ
裬ģȻȥ˰꣬ڳԣͺշһ
ٷ򳤣Ѿһˡ
Ȼ
ֻг뷨񣬰ٷųŲ뷨
ΥвΪЦ
Ǵε´ԺصӪأÿһٷ򳤼ȡЦûȡЦЩٷ򳤵Ŀ⣬о衣
һеһУǰ衣
գҪɱԷһйͷ֮ޣ
⣬˰ʱ䡣
Сӣһˡգɣ
ٷ򳤿һ˫˸ű䣬̺κθ飬ͺѾһһ㡣
ֻֻҪ΢̧֣ͽҷ
һѡ
𣿡
ٷ򳤵Ļﲢû̫΢΢𣬼żַЦ
ٷ򳤣ΪɱԼ
Ц
ٷ򳤿㣬ȻΪڹŪ飬Ҳû⣬ǿߵǸСӳҲǵĻӣʲô˵ģ˵һ̣Ҳˡ
Ļٷ򳤵Ļ˵ͷһ˫ӣֻĹ
Сӣ
͸¶ϲ͵⣬ЩС˵־ζ
ߣ
ǰСӳɫһһҲΪԼ±ɣ
ǿЦ
Ϊǰǰһࣿ
Сӣ£ڿɺˣ
Ǹӣϳһ˿⣬ͺҪϵľһ㡣
ֻϧעҪʧˡ
ڵĳһƽûκεͺǰһжԣ㲻ʲôһ㡣
ߣŪ顣
㣬ĻӣϸһĨЦСӣڴҿȥɵδɵġҾҴһȫʬΣ
֮䣬ƺѾﵱϵ⣬׸
⻰üͷһ
ɣ
ЦˣҲ»໥ɣˣҲһȫʬΣ
ڵĳǰһеĿ⣬ǰȫͬˡ
ǰֻһࡣ
գȴḁ̇̄ǡ·ӵһǿޱȵ
Ļðٷ򳤺ǸӶסˡ
ΣǲŻع
Сӣ㲻ΪԼΣ˵λɣ
ĻӿĿ⣬ϷʣͺΪԼһ㡣
ٷ򳤵ɫȴǱüΪѿĻȼһƵĻ棬֮һԭ
Σ֪ܿǲˡ
ӵĻһ㶣Ц
Сӣ
ٷڰͲסˣǻŭϣԴ֮
ֻˣͷ֮ϣߵɫǳ֮ΣչֳһǿޱȵΪʵ·һ̣˼¡
Х
ಣ
ٷһ绯һڵֱӳЯżΪµĳ
䣡
һȭƿգʯ쾪嫵Դ֮ӰΣ·ܽ춼ơ
һȭԳĩ
Сӣɣ
ٷУ͸¶µķ񣬿ųͺڿ촷һ㡣
ԶǸӣһĻҲ¶˷Цݡ
ǰĳڱˣ
ӣϾҪȥ
һʹ졣
ߣ̫ˡ
Ծ֮£ðٷ򳤲
ܿ죬ٷЦһŪ飡
ٷȭͷϵХųֶ䣬ƥԴ֮ϯҪĩ
ﶯˡ
һ̤𵴡
ɲǼ䣬ڳϣһɿµϯ
ǳԴ֮Դ֮Ϊ£٣Ȱٷ򳤵Դ֮ҪµĶࡣ
ܣ
ǸӣΪԿﱻɱһĻȻʱ˿̣ȴǳ״סˡ
ʲô
찡
ǰ֮ǵǸӵͷ֮ϣȻ˾ŵɫǳ֮
ŵɫǳ֮ʲôһ
Ǿı־
ܣ
ԸһģǰֻһСӣڶ̶̵İ֮䣬ôܻӵһǿ
Σһ
ֻǣʶһѴȣ洫ʹȴⲻΣһжģʵġ
ôܣ
𾪵ĲֻĻӣʩչȫɱİٷ򳤣һĻͫ׶Ȼһ


639 
ǰͷ֮Ϻľŵɫǳ֮ٷ򳤵һͣ˺񱻿ס˺һ㣬ɫǺ죬񴭲
š࣡
ٷ򳤵Գĺ⵴Ȼ޴棬ȡ֮ǿ־塣
࣡
ʲô
ԣ죬һС
Ը࣬Ͷ֮䣬Ϳҷ
ڡ
䣡
ӵĹҲˣֱӭȥһȭɨӿµԴ֮Х

ٷɫ䣬ղţΪΪֻࡣ
չֳΪչֳ˾Ϊ󼰵ΪʶѾԶԶ˦ˣڵڳǰͺǰĳǰһ
ϣ
ɫƽ԰ٷ򳤵ľȣ޶ԡ
ٷеľͱ࣬ڳУûóֻһ˿һ
䣡
޼᲻ݵһȭ˺ѳգӭ˰ٷ򳤵һȭ
µԴֶ֮䣬ٷڣת֮䣬ٷ򳤵壬Ϊ㣬ѿ
䣡
һը죬Űٷ򳤵һҽУٷըޡ
ʣ
ӿ֮ϣֻʣһӰ绯һս
һƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
ܣܵġ
ԶǸСӳҲĻӣ˫ȴǰһĻġ
ǰ࣬ȻѾǾࣿ
˼飡
˼飡
ԣǰһУֱλҪá
ԶһȺʿһɫҰףǶû뵽ӾȻӵôֲȻһεĴڡ
࣡
뵽ղǻΧסӣ뿪ɫҰס
ǵһ¶
Ӷǳ֣Ǽˣʮһ
εĴڣҪɱǼǿҲֻǶĴڣֱȼݻҪü򵥡
ֻоЩͷƤ飬ͬʱ
ӣ˰ɣ
ȻҪ뿪ȴǲκζΪ֪ǰӵ
ƥеġ

һ̤ǸСӳĻӵǰһ˫ƽӣŶԷ
㡭Ҫʲô
ĻӣԳʱȫû֮ǰĵţȡ֮޾ľ֡
ʲôЦĿɽλٷ򳤾ôԷɱˡ
ʲôͶԷģ
Ҫʲô
ĻӵĻ̲סЦˣƺ֮ĶԹ˰ɣɻǵãǰߵǼǵĵطζҵģ
ĻԣɫҰףҳϣҵĴڣҴҲɱˣǲˣ

üͷһƣ΢䣬Ļӵϣգ뵱Ҳȥ˰ꡭһңʹæȥҾأ
һ仰£Ļɫ䣬Ұޱȡ
ɱңɱҡ
ĻӾֵ
ʱԶһȺʿҲڻȻ
ԭٷ򳤺ǵĶӳӻĳԹڣЩˣΪǽյֵ
ҪȻҲôһλɱһ
ǵ˿ɬ
Ҳ֪ľѳۣҲı䲻ˣҪģӲǳ֣һǻԼһ
ڣһʿ
ãҲɱ㡣
ﵭĿĻһۣƽ
ĻĻĿһЩŵʵ棿
ô㲻ң
￴ӣ˫гһߣʵ
Ļԣæҡͷǡ
ʲôЦ
ڵĴΡѲ˳ǰӵ˼Բк³ڿܾʹ˱ɱ

һˣʲôûˣԴҲһҷⲻҪġ
𣿡
ƽĿĻӣʵ
ǣǡ
ĻĻæͷ³һ㡣
ڣʹǼ˵ĿȥҾ
￪ڵͬʱĿԶһȺʿϣʵ
仰һĻɫ䡣
ʲôЦ
ЩʿµˣһʵԶԣ⼸ʿûʲôڣȻȥϵĿɣ
ܽܣ
ô㲻Ը⣿
￴Ļӣʵһ˫ӣ˸һ˿˿ɱ⣬һԲϾͶֵ˼
ĻۼˣҲʶ˳¶˾ģǿЦܡܻܲһ󣿡
ĻӵĻ̲סüʲô˼ʲôһ󣿡
֪Ļ˵ʲôɫ𽥵ڱϵģѾ˱ٱıԵ
ƺʶ˳ﾪ˵ŭ⣬Ļһ˵ҡܲܲǵĿɣĿɣ
˵ʱĻӵϣ˿ɬΡ

ֻпһ
ȥǼʿĿɣֱҪܣǰӣҲҪһЩ
ȻܺӣӱϾǾ࣬ǿĴڡ
һڵĿɣҲúһЩ
ĻӵĻ̲ססˣôҲû뵽ĻӻͻȻðôһ仰
ҪĿɣ
ΪԼˣղ˵ʲô˵һ飿
ĻĻͻȻһֻʵǲǹģĻȻҲٴظһ飬һʱ䣬߲ѡ
ȻߣȴұֳΪ֪һֳܾܿͻἤŭǰӡ
һӣδܱסˡ
ԶļʿһĻҲһ㶡
ʵڳǵСսǿɵʱǾͱһʲôЦСӳǰǰǸ߸ϵģСӳǵĿɣСӳԸȥɣ
ò˵Ҳòϣ˵һǵСӳɵʱǵﻹЩڴġ
ͺһõˣͻȻǿһ
һ̣̲סţǵСӳǿȥ龰һ󳩿졭
ֻϧһƺֻġ
ʵ֡


640 ǧ
ĻӣۿɫһĿҲ˼֣ʱһ飬κ˿ĳɣæ˵Ҹղ˵ҲǵĿɣġ
˵仰ʱ򣬻Ӻ޲ֱӱһԵգֱȥ
ֻϧԴ磬Դλ档
Դλ棬һͷա
ȻԴ磬í˳̵ľҲǲ˿
ҪԴ飬Ǹ߸ϵҲδ˵
ĻӵĻһ㶣ڣԿ϶֮ǰû
ĻӣȻ˵ҪĿɣ
ﲻһЦ
ԶļʿҲ̲סɫǺ죬ǵĶӳȻҪӵĿɣǵҲǼЦֲЦ
ǶΪӦǵСӳСӳɵʱ
һ¼һĻӣ˵ƺûи״ɣ
ĻĻסˣһĿЦΣ㵽ҪΣ
ĿĻһۣ˵ϲظ˵Ļãڸּۻۣã
ĻĻȻڣ֪仰˼ˣɾǲҪ
ʱ̲סɫһȥǼ˵ĿɣԸȥ
ôй
ĻӵĻ̲סЦˣۼ⣬ĻĿӵĿ־塣
ʵ֤Ļˡ
ʱ˿̣ǿԷֻӵ΢΢š
ԶļʿһĻȻЩʧ䡣
ǵĶӳվǾܾ˸
תһ룬ǵҲ֣Ͼӳƽʱ߸ϹˣͻȻȥ꼸СĿɣôܵˣܵˣҲɣ
ֻǣܿסˡ
Ϊ
ȻˣҾͳȫ㡣
Ŀ΢䣬ǷһĨЦĻӣһλᣬ겻ǵĿɣʮʱ俼ǣ
˵ĺ塣
ĻĻɫһ䣬ҧ꣡
а˸
ѾøǰĻӷϻ̺κεĸ飬ʼʱ
ıʱĻɫ䣬ʶﲻڿЦ

ٴδ
ĿɣԸĿɡΣΣ
Ļһһ飬Գ˵һ˿˿ҡβ֮⡣
ҪԴˣȡĻת⡣
ֻϧȴûĻӣʱ
ʱ˿̣ĻӵĶУͺһĻɫ䣬һľֺͻң
һ
ʱڱˣĮޱȡ
Ծ֮µı֮ڣݶëȻ
񣬾ԶļʿҲһ⣬˵Ǵڷ籩ĵĻӡ
꣬꣡
Ļӣĵķڳױˡ
ΪһֱڿУһ̣̲סˣֱ׹¡
һ̣ʲôϣʲô裬Ժ
ֻԼ
ֻҪԼţһжҪˡ
Ӧˣ
ϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬Զļʿɫ΢ǼˣúϡҲ⣬ǽһҲˣ֪ʵ
Ļʿһ飬æͷ
ʲôЦ
ӣ֮ǰǵǵ棬ǵİٷ򳤸ɵ˵ġ
Ǹٷ򳤣ʵġࡱ
ٷ򳤶ǶԣѾȻ󼰵Ĵڡɱٷ򳤵Ĵڣ˵͸ӿˣƥ
ڻЩûܻع
ǵĶӳͷȻЭˣ
ǻΪǵӳĻû뵽ЭˣӦӣҪǵĿɡ
ڣۿӳԽԽǵȴû˿Щˬ
ӳƽʱǵǰڳһӣԼǰٷ򳤵ֵܣǳԾ˿ͷ
գܡˡ
ʱ˿̣ǵЩмˡ
ĻӣҲ񻤵ӪصСӳܿ͵ԼµļСǰϣ˿ɬͲʡ
ôɵһһͲǵĿˡ
ңΪһƵĿ⣬ʱ޿̵ļ
Ļӣɫƽ
ڣĻӣڵĻӪСӳſ֮УֱڼʿĿҲɷһĨЦ⡣
꣬һﲻҪ
꣬һﲻſ
ڣһˣ
ĻӣʿĿɺɫޱȣһ˫ӣĿѣ˶ɡ
Ȼȥ
Ϊ֪һȥղܵ裬עܡ踺أΪܻ
ֺαΪԼ
￴ĻӣǷһĨЦڣ˲ɱԷ˼ˡ
ˣмڳɱ
ɣ
һɨӣǰĺ
ۿﻺǰûֱȥ˼ĻӣڵСӳһ˫֮⣬˼˵⡭
ģģ
һԵļʿЩ
ǵĶӳˡ
յ£ɴȥҶһȫʬҲ˭ȥģֻҪ´ȥȫҪ
ڣСӳµļʿĮѪĺ⡣
ǣǡ
ʿԣæͷ
ߣǸһˣҪȥǧ򳤴ˣ
СӳĿ΢䣬ϼʿ̤ն䣬ص˻Ӫء
µļˣֱȥ˻ӪһӪ֮⡭
Ӫ֮⣬ʿڿأǡ
ǧ򳤴ˣʮСӶӳм
СսҲĻӿˣмżּ١

ʱӪ֮ڣһϵǺƽǸֵܣ
ǡ
æͷȴǳ˿ɬ
ʲô£
ʱӪʴű򿪣һϵӣ˳ΪڸߴҪ߳
Ժ󣬾Ӹ¸
ǧ򳤴ˣҪΪҴ籨𰡡һҪΪҴ籨𰡣
ӣͺ˾ǣץסһݣŵĹ


641 
Ļüͷһ壬ɫһ˵ʲôΪ籨粻Ǻƽ𣿡
ǣǧ򳤴ˣҴǺƽҴڱɱˣɱ˰
һ˵ϳ˿ɬΡ
뵽ղŵһĻɱĶˡ
Ȼ

ʹ˰֣ǲԸΣһҪǸΪ֮ۡ
ʲô
ӣҲǺǧԣɫ䣬ʲôˣȻɱһİٷ򳤡˵
˵ǧ򳤵ӣ˸⣬ϣ̲סһĪѹһ㡣
Цǧ򳤴ˣһ࡭
ࣿ
ǧԣüͷһƣŭĿԶԣô£
ʱǰ˵˳Ȼû˵Լ£˵Է£Уû¥¡
Ϊǧ֪¥±ڻ˼ɡ
ߣ˿֮ˣ֮󣬾ȻҵһӪҰǸʲôط
ǧһ˵ţһ߿Įޱȡ
ǧ򳤴ˣӦûڲԶ뿪ʱ򣬷ͥŲڸε
æ˵Ըܵǧ򳤵ŭ⣬һ̣޾ϲ·𿴵ǸӱǧɱһĻ
ǾΣǻǧ򳤴ˣ˧εĴڡɱ࣬һ򵥡
ϲã뵽ӣ̲סݡ
ֻҪǧ򳤴˳֣Կ϶ǸӣԲĶ֡
һʱ䣬ܡ
ȥ
ǧ򳤵Ŀһۣ
ڻӪɱˣɱĻǻİٷ򳤣ҪǴ󣬻ȻҲܵ˵ĳЦ
⣬Ը⿴ġ
ǣǧ򳤴ˡ
æͷ̤նǰ·
ڵѾȲǸӱǧɱһĻˣֻҪ뵽ǸϾҪɱ̲סЩ
ǧ򳤸ɫıֺ
ڻӪתһȦЩ·Ȼ׼뿪
ʱ
ǧ򳤴ˣ
һϤóȻعͷȥǸӣҲǸղŸձѵˡ
ڣĻֻˣ
ǰ˾ȱ
üͷһƣĿӶԶ˻ӵһβ
Ʋ֮䣬һԲһˣ
ڿ˧ϵĴڡ
ܿ죬Ļӣ˳ĸ
㻹ҪҵĿҲһ갡
￴Ļӣ̲סЦˡ
ĻĻɫ䣬Ըоǧ򳤵Ŀ⡭
ôû˵𣿡
ЦˣЦ⣬Ļɫһ䣬Сӣ⣡Ҹ㣬ɱҴ磬İٷ򳤣ǾԲŹġ

üͷһƣĿӵϣӣĻӰľȱˡ
ǧ򳤰ɣ
һ
˵Ǹ˾ɱ˺ƽ
ת˲վĻӵߣʵ

ӵĻĿһԭĻӽС
֮ǰĲ²ܿǶԵġ
ӣֱ֮ǰɱİٷ򳤵֣ݵλԶ׼
ǵģǧ򳤴ˣɱҴ磡ǧ򳤴ˣҴúòңһҪΪҴ籨𰡡
ݺݵĵͷĿ⣬˱ĺ⡣
ʵҲô
㹻ʵھͻὫǰɱ
Ȼǧ򳤣
һΪ׼Ҳǲôȡ
ǧ򳤣
Ŀ⣬ǧ򳤵ϡ
ڣǧҲڿų˵֪ɱǻٷ򳤣ʲô
ǧ򳤵Ļֻʼ磬һЦǧ򳤣Ȼɱǻİٷ򳤣ҲҺ˶Թңɱңɱ
˵ĺƽ⣬һƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
̬ȣǧ򳤵ɫ
ȴһֻӸǧ򳤴˵ǰˣȫѰ·
ֱ
Сӣǧ򳤴˵ǰҲţ
ŭ壬Щٻζ
Ļ̲סЦˣĿһۣһ˼СʿɵСӳȴ֪Ǵĵӣǧ򳤵ǰСС
һһ˵ϸࡣ
ǧ򳤣һۣĿҲЩŹ֡
ղȻ˵ʲôģҲֻΪĿɣȴû뵽ȻµļСĿɡ
Ҳ̲סЩȻû뵽ӣȻôݣ
ô˵ˣ
￴Ц
ɫޱȣһСӣ⣡ɱٷ򳤣ǧ򳤴ǾԲŹġ
˵УӹɭȻɱ⡣
·𿴵˳ﱻǧɱһĻ

ĻǧüҪƺ̰ɣ
ǧ򳤵ĻУһ飬ɫ䣬ʶǧҪʲôܺģʱæ˵ǧ򳤴ˣҴˣҵĴҲô˵Ҳá
˵Щڳݲˡ
ߣ
ǧ򳤿ڵһĲмҲûȥƽϡ
һĻﲻЦˡ
һ
ƺ˳Ŀ⣬΢΢̧ͷ˳һۣг⡣
﷢ݣ
ʲôܿ죬ǧ򳤴˾ͻɱ㣬ʱҿ㻹ε⣡
λǧ򳤵Ļ̣Ҳ˵Ρ
˵һٷ汻ˣλǧ򳤴ֱӳ֮ʬΡ
ڣĴ磬Ҳǻİٷ򳤣ȴǱɱˡ

ǧ򳤴˵Ƣӣ϶ˣ˿һ㡣
㡭֮ǰлҪ˵
ǧ򳤿Դ֮ͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮֡
˧
ǧͷ֮ϵǳ֮Ŀ΢һľȡ
Ȼµǧ򳤿˧εǿߣȴҲû뵽ǧ˧
˧Ҳŵȡ
һ˧˧𣬺һ;û̫Ĳͬ
֮ǰ
Ʒζǧ򳤵ĻҲ΢ľ󵭵ЦЦǧ򳤣ȴ֪Ҫ˵ЩʲôУھ˱ɱҵľ𣿡
˧޷ĴڣҲû˿ľ塣
ֻΪһơ
¥¸ĵƣ



642 ʹߴ
ڳĵǧҲ΢Щȣǳûɱһİٷ򳤺󣬻ܰȻʲôˣɱһİٷ򳤣Ҫۣ
ǧ򳤵ű壬ֻ̺һ˿һĸ顣
Цˡ
ǧ򳤴ˣȻûʧ
ӣһαɣ
ǧ򳤣Ҫ
ﵭ˵ͬʱһ̧֣жһơ
һƣͨ͸ƿżΪӵ·ʲô
ֻǣƵΧȴһƺϢϸһЩɳڷ
ȴ֪ǧϵ
￴ǧ򳤣ʵƽĿ¡
ĶĻ̲סЦˣһķ̣СӣΪǸƸǧ򳤿ȥһ𣿸㣬ǧ򳤴˲ôúŪģ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣƣӵҶȥ񡭡
ʱ˿̣ȴûз֣ǧڿóƵʱɫ׵ıˣͺǿʲôֵ顣
ǰһĻĪ
⡭
ôܣ
Ȼǡ

ǧ򳤵𺳡
Ҳֻöһöڵ˵һöںһǿߡ¥¡
ڣ֡
Ҳ˵ҪôϵУҪô¥¹ϵС
ǵ¥£ԣȻ޷󼰵Ĵڡ
ղȻ˵ʲôݶһҲΪ֪Ӻ͵¥¿ܵĹϵ
֪ˣͺˡ
޲øԼһ⣬Ȼ˵óĻ
ӵкӣĸƽϣǳԲ˶ߡ
Ȼǻǧ򳤣Ǻġ
ҪԵΪ
ߣСӣϽƣǧ򳤴˵ǰۡ
ߺһ˵
ĻЦˣĿһԵǧһۣǧ򳤣ˣǹİ
֣ҧرء
ǧԣһɫˡ
Ӧôǰ͸һȻº
ںϣºµ¥ûʲô
ǧ򳤵ɫ׳¡
ֻǣƺûзǧ򳤵ɫ˵СӣǰŪ飡㣬㼿ӻԼԴڴʱˡ
ĻϵЦݸӲá
Ȼʼգﶼûȥ࿴һۣǿһԵǧ򳤡
ǧڶˡ
ž
һ촫ֱӱǧһ˦˼ʮףȫ
Դˣղǧ򳤵һƣԽ˳׺Ƭ
ϸֳһ˿˿֣ǧһۣǧ򳤴ˣǡ
ǧ򳤣εңĴ磬Ҳµİٷɱҡҳͷµİٷ򳤣һ·˭֪Ȼੲݣǧ㡣
ˣǧ򳤾Ӧδã
￴ǧ򳤣ƽȴ֮⣬ϣǧܸһһ
һ
⻰һǧ򳤵ɫױˣû뵽Ϊ̧˺
һ˾ϣĿ⣬Զϣ˶ɡ
ڣҲɵˡ
ûвǧ򳤵Ŀ⣬һֻоЩëȻ
Ȼ֪ʲô
ȻûмȴҲ˵Ρ
ŵ٣
ȥʥµĴڡ
ڡ
˺Ҳˡ
Ȼûϳһº
ڣԼ˼ˡ
ܿ죬ǧ򳤿Ŀ⣬ɫȻ䣬ĵǧ򳤴ˡǧ򳤴ˡҪҪ
ǧ򳤵ĿУɱ⣬ŵ
û뵽㾹ƭңң㻹Һͺƽ֣ɱʹߴˡ
ǧ򳤵˱塣
֮ǰֱԳڣȴȫһĿ꣬
һĻĿƽͺڿϷ
ʹߴˣ
һ飬ϸֳһ˿˿ɬһ˿˿
ôҲû뵽ǰ˳ͻӣ֮󣬲ֻһΪõ˺Ϊˡʹߡ
ں˭źǵĴˣ¥µĴˡ
κ˼¥һ
ۿģ֣̌Դ֮ӶɫҰף죬ٴġ
Ȼһ̣ĺͺסһ㣬²ֻһ˿
䣡
µԴ֮Хת֮䣬ͽ촷ۣɢ䳤ա
üͷһƣǧ򳤣΢΢һЦлǧ򳤰æ
ʹߴ˿ˡźǾͬ˺¥٣ķԸȻҵ
ڣǧԳʱǫޱȡ
ﵭһЦȻʹﻢ֪ںҪԣȴҲû뵽Ȼôá
ǰˣôҲǻһǧ򳤣߸ϡ
ںǰһǹԵʲôһ
ΣնҪлǧ򳤡
ҡҡͷٴεл
ǧԣЦһȴҲûټ֣ʹߴմ
ǧ򳤵ȻӵкǱضǵ˻¥¿صˣֻҪʹߴ˴ùϵǰ;аһ
ǧ򳤵˼ȻԲµһЩһЦǧ򳤣ҽг

ǧĿһϹݼˣ
Ϲǧ򳤿ˡ
ﵭһЦкҲûԾӸµĶ̬ȶԴǧ򳤡
ܵõõ¥µĿأҲ
ʵǧӡ
ȴǲ֪ڵ̬ȣǧ򳤵УȴǸĪ⣬Ͼÿһӵкˣ㲨ġ
һʱ䣬ǧ򳤡ϹݡԳ˳羴
ӵкܲ꣬λʹߴˣһˡ
٣Ŀ֮ˡ
ˣȴ֪ĺǵ˴裬¥´裿
Ϲݿ΢ɵʵ
֪𰸡
Ϊ𰸣Ҫ
΢΢һЦҲû¥½ҵģԺںҪʲôΪѵ£Գʾ⡮
¥£
ĻϹͫһһȻ
Ȼֻ֪е¥У֮ǰһֱóĺӦǵ衣
˭֪Ȼ¥´ģ
¥´裬ȴȫͬĸ
Ȼһġ
ɵ¥κһ˴裬ȫͬ


643 
ǵ裬ҲֻںЩλڣֻܵʱ¡
һλͱȽޣ
¥´裬ǾͲͬˡ
֪¥ƽʱٲֺ£ܱ躮ˣصˣң¥ķ͡
¥¸ģ
ԣϹ֪ĺ¥¸ԺҲ΢΢ݣ
Ŀ⣬Ӳͬ
𾴣
ϹĿı仯￴һЦǧ򳤻ͦ˵ġ
ˣ¥£Ϲʺá
Ϲݿˣʵúǧ򳤣Ȼһǰģʵʧݡ
һ
ӦԣֻǶƤӵ¡
ң¥֮ǰĹϵΪ¥֪йɫԴ츳¥ڶǴչˡ
Ϊ¥ǱޣպȻԴеǿߡ
һɳܳɾۡ͡
ۣԴ磬˵ǺߵĴڣ˭ܺ۳ϹϵԴڣҲܺˡ
ˣǧ򳤡
Ϲ΢Цͷתȥ
ߣ
ϹĿͳȥֱʧǰŻعһû뵽˾Ȼ¥µˣ¥ܴ躮ĵλȻ򵥡
뵽ղŵ£Щ¡
Һó˼ʱ˺ʲô£¥²ܷŹ
ֻҪǺڴ˵ˣ˭֪¥ǵ˵ĳ¥ҪʲôǵҲǲӡ
һ̶ϣ¥£൱ں죡
뿪ӪԺģӶС
ܿ죬ͻصԼסһ¥ĴԺ
صԺﻢ˶ڣﲻЩ棬һʲôطȥˣ
ЩΪܵõ֮Դ飬ﻢʵҲΣ֮ǰǿ˲ֻһ㡣

ͻȻֻоһϢӹȴһӣ֮ϡ
ӣһɫĳۣü͸¶һ˿˿ɷ
Ȼ֪üɷԴӣʶסڲԶһԺӣȻ㲻ʲô飬ͳﻢ˵ϻ
ô棿
￴ӣһ֣ӵɫƺЩ̫ÿ
ﻢ˶ˡ
ӿЦ˵
ô£
ӵĻɫ׵ıˣﻢˣ
һﻢˣͽ꣬빲ڣǵ鷳
ﻢʲôط
üʵ
ںء
ӻæ˵Ͻ߰ɣ
ӵĻ˵ͷӣһӶȥ
ܿ죬͵ִ˺һƬ
ԶϿգʮӰӶٶȼ졣
⻹ӣһ֣࣬ƺûгֵ˼
ʱ򣬾ϳʮӶӰ֮УϤһһﻢڣʮࡢ࣬ﻢЩǱ
ϸǸˣһ˫ӣǼɭȻ
䣡
ﻢһȭֱһࡣ
ߣ
ȴԹ۵еһˣͶ֮䣬ӳһµԴ֮ﻢ
ﻢɫ䣬ӣб¾ɱǣαϷŪң
ԣһЦﻢɱʲôãҪԴ顭֪ϵԵʣӦöߵǸˡֻҪˣҵõԴ飬һж˵
Σ
ﻢɫһȵˣһڡҸ˵¥¹ϵҪã¥ҲչҪǸĶ¥ǲŹġ
ң㲻ˣǱɣ
ﻢ˵ϳ˳Ц
࣬һȺ࣬ҪǿϵԴ飿
ֱڳ˵Σ
ﻢ˵Ļò˵ǴʵĶУȴ̲סΪ֮ʧЦֵǣûУ˵ǸС¥µˣУ˵ǸСǱأ
Ļߵһ̲סЦˣһȺΧﻢࡢ࣬һҲЦ
û֮
ﻢΪǲ֪ǵ£ǣ¥ǰҲѾǰǰˡ⣬һ֪ǰֻ֮࣬УͻƣҲͶ࣬ǻ£
ﻢǷһĨ⣬м˵
ࣿ
Ļﻢ¶ЦݣЦݣȻô֣Ҳ˵
ΪóٶĿˮʹ࣬ԷҲıԡ
ȻˣΪҪԷ
ﻢһƽ
Ȼⲻˡ
ߣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һߣԾ֮£޵ߣڳÿһ˵е˶Ϊ֮

һɫӰһ磬ȻһƬϿգﻢͷ֮ϡ

ﵽﻢ˿ϸֳЦݡ
ΪǶ֪ȻﶼˣǵΣҲǽˣǶԣľǣ԰ѵĴڡ

ʱǸˣĿ֮ϵĳϡ
ΧﻢһȺʱ˻ȥһʱ䣬ﻢ˵ΣҲױˣ̤նվ˳ߡ
û°ɣ
￴ﻢˣϸţ·Ҫ˵Ͽʲô
ﻢԣҡҡͷﻢЦİɣҲһЩƤˣһʱȬˡ㾹Ȼô죬֮ǰǳȥ𣿡
һȦͻˡ
ﵭһЦʵˣΪλ뿪߳ƺǺϽķΧ
ﻢԣһԶ˽ҺһҪЮ˺û뵽ǾȻΪ˴Դ⡣
ҵԴ飿
ﻢĻ̲סһ㶣ҡͷһЦôͻȻң
ﻢ˵ӦҺ֮ǰȥʱ򣬱ע⵽˰ɡǰͺ˽Һ֪ҺԼ϶ǲôԴȥټһɵϡ
˵ﻢЦЦò˵ǵĻɻ׼һ㡣
һ㣬ﻢû˵һԵȴǶһ
ʱҲһ̤ն𣬺ͳ˶Ŷ
ǳ
Ŀ⣬绯ֱӶ˳ڡ


644 ɱ
Ҳӣһ˫ƽޱȣһƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
ţ
ı飬ɫһȵ֪˭𣿾ҡϽԴ飬һһ
֮䣬˱ɱ⣬Ȼл˼̰
ĿģΪ˳ϵĲƸ
һ⣬ûʲôȤ
ڣֱˡ
ĻɫȻƽޱȣͺûĻһ㡣
ۿѿˣ֪£¥¸Ǳӻ꣬Ϊȥǰٷ򳤡ƽĳޡȥ¥Ѿ㡣
Ļһ㶣̲סЦˡ
Цʲô
Цɫһ
ã¥¼ȻӦӻҰֻ꣬һʱѪô룬Ϊ˭Ҫң
￴˵㣬һӻ꣬ãǸ˻㲻ص𣿡
Ļüͷһ塣
ͷһתأ֣Ǳӻһ˰꣬Բô򵥣Ǹ˺ϵУΪʲô
Σض׾ٵ˳¡
ˣ
ϵķƱ仯ܿ͸˼һ㣬һЦ
һؿϣɫǺ졣
վһԵӣƺҲʶļɵЦһ¥йϵΣﲻǺǺ򡭡Ǿɱ㣬Σ
ǸˣɱȡԴ飬뿪Χ뿪ھ򣡡
֮䣬˷֮⣬ֱӸɵȡϵԴ顣
ԣĿһ˸
ò˵ߵӵһֱ˵ȥˣҲ̲סĶ
ǰԴ飬ʲôµģ
ǣ¥£
ǰ˵Ļɫһһ̧֣жһöƣ֮ǰǻǧϹǰʾġ


ĺվڳߵﻢ֪һ㶼⡣
һȺ£ߵڵģɫһ䡣
ʲôǵνһںԴĵ׸еη塣
ܣôܻǺ
ϵҡͷԸǰһģгһ˿˿˼ϣһ࣬ƾʲôõ
ĺ¥µĿء
ߵӣ𾪹󣬻عһ˫ӣ˳ϣ˶ɣãǼȻ¥ˣѵ⺮㣬⺮ҲںЩô˺Ƿһ飡
ӵĻһ
Χ
Ӽһʱ䣬µʮһˣΧס
ЩࡢεĴڣΧųˣ񣬴г˸ӣǾͻԥĳֵĴ㡣
ʱҲȫعˣһЦò˵ʵ̫ˣ㺮ٲΣգɱǣѵԼұ𣿡
ڵѾ׻عҲһЩ飬֪ʲôûҪ¡
Աߵӿ̬ȣ˿һ˫ӣ˳˵ϣɱǷԴ飡
ӶȻ
ͬһʱ䣬Ӻڣͬʱ֡
ʮӰӶ绯򽣣ֱӳˣ򽣹ڵǿơ
ߵӷӵͬʱͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮Գ֮ϡ
ǵΪ֮
ࡣ
ࣿ
չֳʵ̲סЩݸһЦһ̤
ɲǼ䣬֮УԴ֮һȦȦϵɢ˳ȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

µԴ֮ɢת֮佫Χһж
ϵۡ
ʱʮӰҲ˳˵ĸ

ͬһʱ䣬ˣĿΪ׵ֻ࣬Ҫɱ࣬ˣвֱ߽⡣
ڳͷ֮ϣŵɫǳֱ֮۳Σ˸ҫޱȵĹ
࣡
ͷ֮ͻȻֵľŵɫǳ֮óʮӰסˡ
رΪ׵࣬񿴵һĻĿѣ
ôܣ

ⲻģ
ǲţһǰֻһһ㣬Ҳģͨ˵ߵǼǵˡ
ڣǿʲô
࣡
ĵһͷԼˡ
ǸߵǼǵ˿ˣ
һ࣬һʱͻƵ࣬Ҳš
䣡
˵ͷûôתǿƥѾϯǸеϢ
ȴǳӶһȭɨЯž˵Ŀµ
ɫ䣬æֵֵ
һʱ䣬Դ֮ǵ۳ΣӡХ³Ĺ
ǵȴκεĻ롣
ڣֻǱˮһս
䣡
ֻһ˲ݿ˵
ʵǿһǿڳ񱩵ǰ˵ȴһ㶼׾پͱˡ

ĲҽͻȻɫ䡣
ڱǿޱȵԴֵ֮ͬʱǵֻʣһͷ
ǾǺڣ
޾ĺڣ
һĻᣬǾԲ
Ҳû뵽ﻢߵӣȻôֲʵ
˵ֻһԪ
ⲻǹ⺦
ǵͬʱ޼Ǹǡ鱨ˣǿΪ鱨Ҳ³
Ǹ鱨֪ڵ뷨϶ֱѪ
ĺṩϢڻˣ
ȻĻǺڡ
䣡
һǿ𵴣˵Ӱת֮ͱ˻ҽʧڲã֮УӰ١
֮ǰֺˣһ̣˹»Ұ
Ŀ⣬ʣµʮһ˵ϣĿ΢䡣

ʱвٵ˿ʼġ
ʲôЦ
ǰӵʵղǿһǾεǿڣҪɱǣֱͱȼݻҪ򵥡

Щ˵̲סЦˣĿĮЩˣ֮ǰϷŪﻢһ̣Ҫ
ﻢ
ﵭĿڣ֮Уȴ̺ƥɱ֮⣬˶ɡ


645 
Įﻢ֪˳⣬Ҳ¶˷Цݡ
䣡
ﶯˣӶףݺݵĳֱײһࡣ
ʱ໹ûзӦͱϺХԴ֮Ƭڳ֮ˣֻһĲҽдëȻţǸ壬˻ҽ

ӣ
ʱʣµʮࡢ࣬ɫ䣬ĳ֣Żǣ˿ɣҪһ㣬ҲΪ»Ұ
ӣ
ﻢʮҪߣ϶¶˷Ц⣬׷̤ն׷ȥǵϣԴ֮
ܵʮˣԸﻢҲδؾͲǶ֡
Ϊܣȴս
ߣ
￴ʮ˷ӶУﻢһ·ǷһĨЦ
죬ЩҪƤӵ뿪һΪˡ࣬Ҳˡ

ﶯˣ绯һ磬֮䣬ͳԽӴܵʮˡ
䣡
գɢһȭԴ֮۳ӵȭӡ£һ˲䱬
ʱʣµһȺࡢɫ䣬ֿӣ
ֿӣ

һ̣ʣµľŸࡢӦ÷ֿӡ
ֻǣӵ
ǷһĨЦɲǼ䣬̧֮䣬ŵԴ֮۳Σ˾ŵ⡣

ųĿһ䣬ŵХЯŰԴֱ֮׷˾Ÿܵࡢ࣬Щ࣬ɱ
һʱ䣬֮Уָƽ
ֻʣ³ﻢˡ
ǸϵˡҺ˹ⲻɱǣҪ¾ͼҺˡ
ﻢЦһ㶼ûղŷϡ
ﻢĴ֣̣һЦҲ⡣
ߣ㻹ǣ
ﻢһﻢ֮ǰˣЩ
ﻢЦҲǻͻȻɱ֣ӻһʱôҲţǾǡʵ֤ҲûңＰʱĸϵˡ
ȺһΪԼ࣬ΪԼ޵ˣڳǰһͱɵˣûõĶ
ﻢߺһм˵
ͺղɱһȺ˵ĲǳԼһ㡣
ˣȥɡ
ҡҡͷ΢΢Ц
ˣת̤նУȥ
ۿڲԶǰİܼ
ಣಣಣಣಣ

ͻȻ֮䣬һѸķ֮Գ
ҲûʲôǣЩڳڳʱ򣬾ֱֹͣˡ
üѵˣ
ˣҲ⡣
תȴ֣Էƺˡ
ڳǰģһоˣΪ׵һˣһͷ׳ಲϻһЩ
ﲻݸԴУⲻǴ磿
ʵЩ̲סЦ
ˣǲڸ
ͷ׳ˣ֮УžӸµζͺǽ˵һ㡣
ʱﻢɫһȴҲûͷ׳
ԷǺѯǿ϶֪Էȴ̬ڶǣǵҲ̲סһ˿˿ȥԷ
ôǲ֪
ͷ׳˳Ĭɫһ֪ѵͲ˵һ䣿ưͲɣ
ͷ׳ƽ֮У˼⣬˶ɡ
Ҿ֪ΪҪ㣿
ﻢͷ׳һЦǸֱӣԹͷ׳ʣ˿ᡣ
üȴҲûж˵ʲô
ﻢķ֮С
ͷ׳ﻢĻٿﻢڵı飬סˡ
Сӣ֪ڸ˭˵𣿡
ͷ׳һӣĿĮɨﻢ˵
ﻢƽɨһۣ˵Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪
㣡
ﻢĻɫ䣬ǹͷ׳ˣɫҲǼΪѿ
û뵽һʸ·Ȼ⵽谭
ңԷ֪ƺԸ˵
֪Щڵ뷨϶᲻мһЦЩΪԼ˭
ԾӸ£һ߸ϵˣҪ˴ǣ
Ϊÿһ˶Ƣɣ
Ǻǡﻢʲôüƽϵģ߰ɡ
һֱû˵ĳĿˣƽޱȣһƵᣬͺ̩ɽǰ治ɫ˿ûܵЩ˵Ӱ졣
ٺ٣á
Թͷ׳һȺˣﻢûʲôɫһֻ͵ϻ
ڳǰﻢͺһֻ˳Сè䣬Գƴӡ
Ļüͷһƣ׼ͳһ뿪
ߣ
Įɨ˹ͷ׳һȺһۣкﻢһ
˸׼뿪
ôߣ
ͷ׳ɫһȵΧ
ʱͷ׳µİˣٶ£Ӷת֮䣬ͽΧм䣬һ¶׺ݵɫųˣζ
ţ
һȺΧס˵ɫҲ̲ס¡
ǺͶԷԩ޳ڣֻҪ뿪Ҫ£
ЩˣΪʲôˣ
ôţ
ôԵ
ʱ˿̣˵ǿԿΧǵһȺ˵ΪǸΪ׵Ĺͷ׳ԭû˸ղűйΧסǵʱͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮һ
ˣʵǿԪأĶԪأ߲ơ
˳⣬ﻢоһ˿˿ѹ
һȺУһ˵ʵʤǣһˣĽʮ
ܿǾ뵽˳뵽̲סһ
ЩĽǶ
ȻҲкͳԴȻˣǻԶԶı˺桭
һöһҪʮܳҩ
ֻҪһʱ䣬ܳҩ
ƽʱ˽£ﻢƺΪԴˣȻΣȴҲֲ˵ļֻ֣һЦ֮
Ҫʲô
ﻢһʶʵԺд󶨣Ϊ׵Ǹͷ׳һ
ͷ׳ﻢĻ̲סЦҪʲôֵǣǸҪʲô

ͷ׳䣬µˣʱЦЦޱȣǵ֮䣬ͺЦһ㡣
ã֮ǰǸﻢԹӣﻢЦɵҸ㣬գȫҪǰţֱ
ӵĻﻢɫһΪûǺڣҪǳ֣


646 
ﻢĻЦˣɵҲЩͷԡΪǸղŲ˵ԣǱɣ
֮䣬һĲ⣬ͺ˵ֻͬһۡ
ӵĻóĿ΢䣬˼ǣǸǺڣҲɱң
Ļ̲סһЦò˵ܴˣղţĻᣬûкúϧڣǾ˵ˣҲһ

˵Ŀ΢䣬˵Ը˵һϴ飬һȫʬ򣬽գˣͽڴ˵أ
֮䣬˱ɱ⡣
ͷ׳վԶҲֳЦݣų˵Ŀ⣬ͺڿϡ
ȫʬ
ӵĻͻȻЦˣЦúܲá
ЦݣﻢһëȻ
˽֪ʱЦôã϶ʲô¡
ڣǶ̲סΪͷ׳һȺĬˣȻŭ˳ֱ
ȫʬ
һΣͷ׳ӹ˳ĻͷǰһĿĮĿ˳СӣʶĻ˵ڡ֮أ
˵ͷ׳ϣɭȻɱ⣬ڳϡ
óɫѿ
ڵɫͷ׳ȴΪˣͺһкһ㡣
ͬʱҲʵ̲סЦ
棬ֻҪЩ˴Ȼܿڡ
ڣЩȥųйغټ
Ҳζţǵһ
Ȼ֪˵ȴգûôýЩ£ͱѪΪѵöԷ֪Ѷˡ
Ҳûż
ﻢ
￴ﻢһۣǷһ˿Ц⡣
Ȼûо˵ʲôﻢȴӳᵽҪ˼ͷһЦ˹ͷ׳ͷҪʶ࣬ھ뿪ֵһߣЩˣһҲӲ
ﻢСڳ֮ˣһ
ͷ׳Ȼû뵽ﻢͻȻðһ仰ͻﻢ仰һʱҲǲɵסˣûܻع
ڹͷ׳µİˣȷӳ˹ĹЦ
ɵȻʶĻͷ뿪Ǿǲв
֮ǰ˵ǸӣһЦţһ˵
Ҹϴô꣬ǵһ˸Ҷ˵ֱ
ǣϴ¸ɣֵϾͽǸˡ
ԣ֮أ

ͷ׳һȺ£׷
Щ˵ĻĶУóɫҲɵĳ¡
ʱﴫﻢˣﻢһǴֱȥԪأ˽ҶԸ𣿡
յĴﻢͷԳհ
ʱǹͷ׳Ѿعһ˫ӣһ˿˿֮ɫɷڣµϢϯ˳˵ϣˣ׼ŭˡҾԳ֣·
ͷ׳֮䣬̤ǰһ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣӿ֮Ӷ
ܿ죬˵ɫǳ֮ڹͷ׳ͷ֮ϣ۳ΣʾһΪ
࣡
ֻһΡ
ͷ׳ΪǷһĨЦѹôԭһ׵Ϊ
Ϊʤİٷˡ
ﻢ֣
ǴҲûκΣͻأ𣬴ա
ðͷ׳ڵľˣ̲סһ㶡
Ҳ벻֣Գﻰһͬʱʶסˡ
ʱ
䣡䣡
ﻢû֣磬ǿԴ֮ХΪֱӺɱ
˷Ӧ˲䣬ٴζһ֡
࣡
ﻢּл࣬ɫ䣬һͲӦģһ̲ס˺⣬ȵϴ󣬾ң
˹ͷ׳⣬ֱһĻŵһ㶡
ͷ׳˿ȴǷӶûֱӳﻢڣµԴ֮ӶγһĴ󵶡
ͷ֮ϣ˵ɫǳ֮ԣһۿȥһĿϾӵĸо
Ķ֣ҡ
ƽĮȴǳﶯˣֱ˹ͷ׳ǰһƽƵᡣ
ʱ

ͷ׳ۼһţɫһд֮ϣԴ֮ϣ·ȼһ棬Х䣬ųͺݺݵ£Ҫֱ룡
ǷЦ

ͷ׳żŭȡ
ʱǸ֮ǰ˵ڵˣҲӦ˹
ɲ֮䣬պÿǵϴ֣ǺȻµĵ⣬·ܹݻһС
ǼǸӱϴһɱһĻ
ֻǣ
ò˵ǳ˵Ԥϡ
ڵĳ
Թͷ׳֮ʵһﶯˡ
һԴ֮ŰŹͷ׳һץ˹ȥ

һĻͷ׳ЦȻΪ
ҪУ
ҲԼǲʵ
ǹͷ׳ڵ뷨
ֻǣܿ죬ͷ׳ɫͱˣ׵ıˡ
Ϊ˳ͷ֮ϳֵǳ֮ǳ֮ǰôĴۣôϣǰһжֻһΡ
ŵɫǳ֮ǰͷ֮ϳ֡
࣡
ԶӵˣҲһĻɫ䡣
࣡
ϴǿ
䣡
ʱﻢ֣Ҳ˲ɱʣµǸࡣ
ž
ڳߣҲһ֣ץס˹ͷ׳Ȼµһ
У

Դ֮ǡŰ˲ͽͷ׳ĵץ顣
䣡
һһӳԴ֮ٴαǣ˹ͷ׳

ͷ׳һžһҽУ˳ȥ
ҲΪǰ࣬򣬳һ£Ҫ
ɼˣͷ׳Ҳȥ룬Ѫ磬һ˫ӣųû뵽㾹ȻǾ࡭ǵܿͻˣʱһҲˣ

ͷ׳Ļһ㶡
ãЩӦǱĵˡ
г˾衣
ĵ
üɫһԴ֮䣬ҵҪɱǣǵĵ׷鵽ǵϡ
ݶùͷ׳ˣɫ䡣
ӣ
ͷ׳ҳɣӶʹ룬ֻܱһ


647 ׵
ֻǣӵ
ɱ֮ޱһ̧֣ĵԴ֮۳Σһ⡣
Ӷֱǹͷ׳ʣµ¡
ݣݣݣݣݣ

֮ͷ׳£
ಣ
ת˲֮䣬Ӷ磬ת֮䣬Ѿ׷ǹͷ׳
ͷ׳ʵǿҲֻǰѣ˳һΣټϳԴ֮֮ǿҪ׷Ϲͷ󺺣ʲô¡
ͷ׳׷ɫһ䣬㲻ɱңǡ׵ĵ˾ں桭ɱңһŹģ
ʱ򣬹ͷ׳˲ˣвų˵
׵
ͷ׳Ļüͷһƣûᣬһ̧֣Դ֮۳һ⣬Ӷ
ֳµŰ֮Уֱӹͷ׳ȥ
ͷ׳ƺҲʶﲻܷŹûԴУҲʼ߶Դ֮
ֻϧķȻǿ󣬵ڳǰȴ㲻ʲôټԴԴϵԴ֮߶ͷ׳ܿͱһٺơ
䣡
󣬹ͷ׳ˣﵶ۶ɵӡѪꡣ
ߣ
ܹͷ׳ղ˵ĻǼ٣ﶼûǶԣֻǷ֮ء
ﻢƺҲʶʲôųһ뿪
ֱȥ
ǵӰʧǰ֮ʱ֮ǰɱ֮УӰ
һʮˡ
Ϊ֮ˣһϵӣɫۣü䲻ŭ
ɫޱȣҫǾȻɱˣ
ˣ᲻Ǻˣ
һ۵üͷһƣɢȻɱ⣬˵
ڻ֪ȻҫﱻɱģǵӦúͺѲ˸ϵߣһȺûõķǰ濪·ȻôģϢûȫˣ̫ûˣ
֮䣬ƺڹͷ׳˵мһˡ
ܿ죬к£ʮˣǰİ
ܶûˡڣ˸µҲ֪ʵΡ
ﵽͺһһ˫ӣӹһ˿˿⡣
ӵĴ£һֱȥ
ﻢȻص˺ȴҲûԶԶԹۡ
󣬹Ȼǿʮˡ
Ǹͷ׳ʲô׵ˡ
ﻢ˵֮䣬Щɵ
һƬƬ֮УҲֻǾµһСѣھ֮£кܶںС
Ȼﻢû˵׵Ĳ²⣬Ǹ׵ӦҲǾµĵ졣
ƽʱȷʵû˵
ЩʲôԳˡ
һɻ
ܿ죬ͿǷ׵ĵˣںѲӵĺɢߡЩǿߣɢ߲ûҲûá
Ȼȥȥ´ˡ
üͷһ壬ﻢ˵
ܾã׵ƺûô򵥡
ﻢ˵ͷǶûǶԼʵȼ֮ڵʵڳߣҲֻϺȣҪľǻȥϽΪ
ǣһӸڳߣӻ
ﻢȥ֮󣬳üͷһƣӶ뿪ԭء
ٴγֵʱѾں򸽽ˡ
ĽȺϿգвѲӣЩˣ඼ߣƽʱӰѲӣԵõƵнٺ
ʱ򣬲û̫ܵ
ȥʮѲӵߣϵ
ˣ
ˣ

֮һѲӵ߹Ķмžη
ﵭͷֱ¥µסȥ
ʱһ߿ųԶȥıӰ̲ס̾ͬ˲ͬΪܱ¥¿أȴأҲܱ¥¿أֺαѲߡ
ˡΪ˭ܵõ¥µĿزɣں˵Ҳˣôһǵһμô¥µĿأˣûʲô֮Ҹҿ϶򵥡
˵ⲻǷϻҪûг֮εõ¥´˵Ŀأʲôֵù´˿ϵģԲĵλܵõ´˵ĺ
˵óʱҶŵһһ㶵ġΪȥǵˣ¥£ûнĺˡһΣ˵û˭û뵽´Ըˡ
ǰù´˸ˣλȻΪߣΪҪ

һȺѲߺȺߣҡҡͷһ²һ󣬷ȥ
ڳȻ֪ԼĳЧڵպõִ¥µס֮⡣
¥סܴ󣬳ܶΣҲİ
´ˣ
ﲢûֱӴ룬վſڣк
ܿ죬ʹһ
¥µ롣
¥סǰԺ֮У¥£¥ｽŪŻݣ۾վ·Ϊһ塣
߽Ժ󣬾һִͺǰԺԭһõĻĵˡ
ָоóܲܣͺǱһ㡣
Ҳû⣬뵽ε£¥£´ˣ㣬һЩҪ¡
Ŷʲô£
¥¼ŪŻݣɻʵ
ﻺ˵¥£֪׵
ﱾҲֻ̽ԵһʣҲû⣬Ͼ׵ǾµС֮һ¥֪ҲΪ
˵ʲô
ôҲû뵽һ䣬¥¾ȻֱӽĻһԣɫ΢΢ղ˵Ƿ׵㣬ȷ
æͷʱʲôߣҲͰ׻ôˡ
´ˣ׵ʲô𣿡
ʵΪ¥µüͷ΢΢
ɺȻ
¥µʵ˲֪ô᲻֪˵ںڣǵǾҲŵϺŵ
׵¥µƺЩס
óú֣¥ôˣѵǷ׵ʲô֮ɣ
ܳЩʲô˿̵¥£üͷһԺ󣬷Żչ˳ʵǴ˵ķ׵
¥ʳͬʱĿ˳ϣͺǺֳΪλ֪׵Ĵһ㡣
Ҳ¥µɻæ˵ں⡭
¥£ﲢû̫һں£һһ˵˳ɱǷ׵һȺ˵£û¥¡


648 Թ
һøжˡ
Щ֮ڵĳɾ֮֮ͣԴ飬֮С
̫̫ࡣ
һУΪ¥µչˡ
ĳɳ֮ô죬벻¥µչˡ
û¥£û¥£Լڵʲôطʲôط
֮ǰߵǼ֮û¥½٣Ͳ֪͵ʲôط
ҲΪһΣŷһ£Ҳ
ڶ̶̵İ֮ӵһΪ
ֻɱյǸٷ򳤣ǽյǸµĻ
Ȼ߲ɱģҲ
Ǹǧ򳤡ϹݡֽܳǸɱ
Ϲ֮ԻΪɱǸӣҲΪĺ
ȴ¥´ġ
˵ûкǸǧ򳤣ƸͲ
ԣ¥¶ԳĶ飬ɱ̩ɽóоصͬʱҲǸмѡ

¥£ԣ岻ѰʦѣĿɽ
ԣһڣûʲôȥңЩҲûʲôıҪ
׵Ǻ
¥˵Ҳסˡ
ڳﻹɻ󣬻ڴ¥йط׵£¥Ѿ̤ն
¥̤նͬʱֻоһ͵ϣǣһͬӶȥԶȥ
񣬳ȥķ֮ǰķ
¥һ뿪һξںڵĽȺѲߵһȺߡ
ǸȻ¥ԴŷӶС
ʲôˣ¥µ˽Ӱɣ
ҪҾЦʮʮҹ˯ž

һ̲ס۷׷ףǵ֮䣬һŸĽʺޡ
ĳﱻ¥ЯУٶȼ졣
´ˣǷ׵ô£
￴¥£ʵڣǰһУһͷˮʲô֪
ܺ棬Ϊ¥׵ʱ򣬻ֱ顣
ֱ飬ȻǶԷ׵Ϥƺб

ڣ¥¿ˣ֪Ƿ׵ٷ⵺ʮˡ
⵺
ʮꣿ
¥µĻϸֳһɻ󣬡´ˣ˵ʲô˼⵺Ƿ׵⵺ʲô
¥ԣһЦ£ҪǼǰҸյûÿʼ˵ˡ
ܿ죬¥µ˵£ڷ׵Ҳһ˽⡣
׵֮ǰ²һ㣬ҲǾൺеһ
ֻǣ׵ȴǺͷ
Ȼʱĺڵĺ
ĺ¥µĹˣҲѣӵм츳Ĵڡ
ڵĺǵһ˫򸾵Ķӡ
һ㣬֮ǰ¥˵Ҳþȡ
¥¿У֪ķ׵ͺ棬ʱĵʵȻǿҲ
񺮳ĵĸ׳Ժ󣬿ʼ
ǸʱʼͶһǿ
ڷ׵ԣǻԵġ
ʱ񺮳ĸ׺ĸףһȺˣɨ׵÷׵Ϊһ桭
Ǹʱʼ׵˾Ϳʼ
ȥ׵ʼ⵺
ڣѾʮˡ
ʮꣿ
üͷһʮ꣬ԴĴ˵㲻ϳǶڳԴ粻˵ʮֱһ֡
㽫ԴڵʱƺҲꡣ
ԣԴУͣǵ仯һ֡
Ȼһ㣬ԴҲһٶ꣬ȴӵһΪģԴ޽С
һ㣬¥¶֪
´ˣѵģ
￴¥£ʵ
ڣʵ벻ͨǷ׵ʲôֻ뵽һ㡣Ϊ˱Ƿ׵ĵǰΪʲôأ
һ㣬˼⡣
Ӧòɡ
¥µ˵ͷȻڵ뷨ͳ뷨ࡣ
ܿ죬¥µĴ£ʮԷ׵ˣԡ
ʮ׵ˣһΪףˣ֮ǰڰмҲϵ
׵
ʲôˣ
׵¥³ȥ·ϣɫһĿк˸͸¶ɭȻɱ⡣
ü׵ƺЩ̫Եˡ
ڳü¥¾ҪɴĶˣ׵˵ڵķ׵ꡮǸӣ
¥֮䣬Ϊƽ˵
֪Ҹף
׵¥µĻһ㶣ԼЦЦɭЦÿɲ¥£˵ӦþǵǷ׵ֵĺϼһˡϼһôȥǷ׵Ҳúˡ
׵֮䣬¥£һ˫˸ź⡣
ʱ׵һȺˣҲʼΪơ
һĻסˡ
׵Ҫ¥ˣ
ͻȻһЦԷǵĸо
ò˵׵ЩģϾ˭¥µǰô˵
ԭΪĶӻǸû뵽Ҳֻһ
¥׵Ļɫƽƺһ㶼ûΪĻŭȻ¥¿ڵʱ֮䣬ȴżֳŪ
һĻóһ
ǵһμ¥˵Ļ
Ȼ¥ڱϿκεķŭףڵ¥£ŭѾʼ²ҪãͻߵıԵ
뵽¥µǿʵЩ
֪Щ׵Ҫùˡ
ֻǣЩ׵ˣȴƺûʶΣĽ٣ǵһ˫ӣ˸һ˿˿ѪĹ󣬾ͺ¥£ǵУֻǼɱ
ǷһĨЦԴ֮ʱ׼֡
ȻĿ겢Ƿ׵ĵ׵ĵƲ硣
ͶԸһЩ˧µˡ

Ķ÷׵̲סһ㶣ֻǣǿͷ֮ǳ֮ʱȴǶ̲סЦˣЦ⣬Цſ
ЦĶųŪ
ࣿ
׵ųͷ֮ϵľŵɫǳ֮ȻʧЦһ˫ӣ˸źĹ󣬡࣬Ҳǰش
ŷ׵һ䣬߳һ׳ˡ
Ϳܴ󣬵һ˫ӣȴ˸˵ĺ⣬˶ɡ
ϣɢһɹǿϢЩϢһ˿˿ɭȻɱ⣬˲


649 Ը
̤նһ˫ӣ˸
ͬʱ˵ͷ֮ϣɫǳ֮۳Σɢ˵Ϣ
˧
ˣü˵ʵͲ֮ǰǸǧһģһǵãǸǧҲ˧
Ǹǧ򳤣ԸѲ
ǧ򳤣ϾǺˡ
ˣȴǺˡ
ĶӣȻһôš
¥µĿǷ׵ĵƽ֮Уȴ˵ĺ⡣
⺮⣬·һжᣬһԵĳ͸оЩ
ף¥¶ŭˡ
ǵһμ¥¶ŭ󣬽գЩ׵ˣעҪùˡ
ţ
׵ü¥£ϼһֱҸ׵ҲˣȻҸף𣿡
׵ûз֣¥µĿ⣬ϵӶʱӿ
ش
ڣ׵ٴοˣǸųˣȰһɵҿ˳ۣһһһٽɡʱ䣬ɾһЩˣȥҺˡ
˵׵֮УԶ˼˵ĺ⣬ͺǺĵ֮䣬Īĳޡ
ǣˣ
кشˣ׵ĵͷĿ⣬ܿһԵ¥µϣ˸űĹ󣬡Сӣ㾹ȻǵϵҲ£գҾ֪Ƿ׵ĵǰʲô˵ʲô˵һ˵ҪΪ۵ġ
Ϊۣ
˵Ļ¥ĿһЦЦҵЩˣҪθΪۣ
¥µĻóҲһ˿Ц⡣
û뵽¥ҲôĬʱ
ʱ¥ҲڶԷ
ֹˣ¥ƺ顭¥¶Щ׵ˣǺĵģҲԷ档
ھ֪
ɫһ䣬ɢӿµϢһ绯һֻӥ¥ºХ䣬¥¡
Դ֮ɨݺݵĺ¥£·Ҫ¥ֱӺɱһ㡣
µ֮Уޱȡ
䣡
̧֮䣬һƺХ䣬ӡһž¥£·Ҫ¥档
Ȼٻɱ

׵վԶһĻЦˡ
վʮˣҲǿһЦڵǣ·𿴵¥±ǵɱһĻ
ǿ¥¾һ֪ߵغļһ

˱һһӡľǶ¥£Яž˵Ϣ
ۿҪ¥ڣ¥¶ˡ
һա
ɲ֮䣬¥µԴ֮۳档
ͬʱ¥ͷ֮ϣĿһǳ֮
ֻǣЩǳ֮ʱ򣬳ȴסˡ
ĵɫǳ֮
˧
￴¥£һĺɡ
¥ô˧
Ǿֻһܣڵ¥£ʵΪֻԱȳֵǿһεԸˡ
¥ˡ
һ
ڵҲſó¥ԾڶԷ棬¥µʵ̧֮䣬ԽЩ׵˸Ĩɱ
ݣ
ܿ죬¥¶ˣһӳϵľֱ˺顣
˧
¥½սˣҲǸشǵһ¥ʩչʵģɫȻ䣬û뵽¥صôȻ࣬Ҫǿ
࣬˵ǿǿǸȴҪǿࡣ
࣬ѹ࣬ڻ¡
࣡
ʱ׵һȺˣҲסˡ
ǰһĻƺûаԤеĽչǰһУƺǵԤˡ
ǻûüӦ¥¾ͳˣ¥Դ֮۳εĽâХ˲ͻһ磬źشӳ
ݣ
ӹҪشֱɱ
شˣȻԴУںشϣԴ֮γһӡٴκ赲¥µһ
ĳһƵʱ򣬺شһ׵ڵķӴܡ
ֻǣӵ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ݣ
ε磬ٶ˿ֱӴ͸˺شӡźشӳ
ںش׼ܵʱ򣬽һţֱӴ˺شţúشһһ˫𽥵ʬҲȻ¡
䣡
¥һ̧֣Դ֮ӡֱӽشɱĩ
ʧ֮䡣
һУֻת֮䡣
شˡ
¥Դ֮ε棬ʱĿ⣬ԶľһȺ׵֮˵ϣĮһλᣬڹ򣬺Ը
¥µԤ֮䣬ӹɵ
һ΢Щ
¥µ̬ȣԷᣬöԷ뿪
׵£ûô򵥡
¥Ӧòô󷽡
Ȼһжǳڵ뷨ܴʲôɾ뷨Ҳó︡ˡ
Զ׵һȺˣǸڣ𽥵ĴӺشлع˿Ŀⶼ¥µϡ
Ը
׵ĵ˸ղ¥µĻż־ӸµϷʣ¥£ûɣղţ뿪˵ǲ뿪Ը
׵ĵͺЦһϹһЦݡ
ţתͷһȺ£ûУ˧ΪɱһشԽ˸ˡǣ𣿡
׵˵һ˵ԼӼֵЦ
£ĺ¡
׵һˣ¥£װһµɫͺ¥Ǻˮһ㡣
һȺˣҲһӱ¿˰ɣΪһ˧ܺˣЦ
ˣô׳յ˧ͿֵزǺҪ޷ˣ
죬Ǿ⺮֪֮ˣúóԣ֪Ƿ׵ˣ˵ɱɱģɱˣҲҪۡ
ɱ

һȺ׵ˣ׷׿ڣǵĿ⣬űޱȵĹ¥µϣ·Խ¥̵ֱ
Щ˵Ŀ⣬¥ɫһĬԴ
֪֣ɱһ˧ΪԼ
׵¥£һ˫˸űɱ⣬ͬʱĿڡ
Ȼûн¥·ϣûҪԳ֡
׵Ļʱڷ׵һ׳˶ӣ
һԼĪʮҵӡ


650 
Ȼû˻Ϊֻʮꡣ
Դڣκεġ
һˣҲпһϼһﷵϻͯģԣû˻ȥò
˷ģҷ֪Ͼɱ
ӣҲǷ׵еķ֪һ˫˸űĹǰһɢһǿƥϢ
ͬʱЩǿƥϢڶ֮ʱӵͷ֮ϣҲһǳ֮
Щǳ֮ƺżΪµ
Щǳ֮һ
ǻɫǳ֮
˧
һĻסˣû뵽׵ɳһ˧׵Ϊ¥һǺ˧ɣ棡
汻ˡ
ڵķ׵ȷɳȥķ֪ɱ¥¡

֪Ķܸɴ࣬粽ϣµԴۣ֮۳һ⣬
ɲǼ䣬֣һ⣬绯һٵļʸݺݵĺ¥µڣ·Ҫ¥һɱ
ֻǣɹ
¥¶ˡ
¥µٶȣȻ˼֡
ͬʱ¥ͷ֮ϵĵɫǳ֮ٴһ䣬ͻȻɫǳ֮
ɫǳ֮һ֣÷֪ɫ䣬㡭ʵ
ڣ֪ֻʣôһͷ
ǰˣ֮ǰȻʵɱشġ
˵ģΪ¡
ӣ
ڣֻʣһͷս
Ȼ󣬾תʱ¥³ˣԴ֮ٴλ۳棬һ֮ǰ棬Ӷ׾پʹ͸˷֪塣
¥һĳǷ֪壬˺شĺҷ
ʱǷ׵ˣ֪¥ΪϷŪǣҲǰ׻ôˡ
㡭ˣң
׵ɫΪѿ¥£һ˫ӣ¶ɭȻɱ⡣
¥ƽĿŷ׵ûƺͲмںһ㡣
¥µӣҲ÷׵ɫһǵһαôӡ
˧
ڣ׵ûл¥µΪһ˧ΪӦ¥µļˡ
ɱ
׵ɫһһһΣ׼ָȫֻһˣһУΪģֻΪɱ¥¡
¥׵ıȣĿ΢䡣
ʱ׵֮ˣһͬˡ
ЩУʵǿ࣬һ࡭
ȻҲмʵﶼġ
ҹûгֵĻˡ
¥ϵϢһּٶף¥׼ˡ
¥£ΪһǿߣʵһҲɡ
Ȼȥûм¥³֡
ɱ
Ϊش𣡡
Ϊ֪𣡡

׵ļˣݺݵ¥µڣǵϣɢһɹɭȻϢ·Ҫ¥ֱӺɱһ㡣
Ȼеļˣں棬̫ǰ
⼸˵ʵ
ڣֻӲͷƤϡ
ǳ֮Ӷֱӳ¥µڡ
ʱ
ߣ
һߣԾ֮£ͺ֮ڣݶһ˿˿Ѫ⡣
һߣֻһëȻ


ʱ¥µһȺ˳ˣЩʵǿҲǰ˧һ֣嫵ԪʽֱӶ¥ֶ£·Ҫ¥ֱѹ
ֻǣҲ̫ˡ
¥˭
ѹѹ
֪֮䣬¥µϣһĨ⡣
ڳ֮ˣֻпó¥Ƿ⣬ʲô
һźš
һɱ˵źš
¥׼ˡ
ڡ
䣡
¥¶ˣηӶУȻת֮䣬һȺ˵Χٶ֮죬ó￴ۡ
ԣû¥ôġ
ʱ¥óȦ⡣
ǰΧԼһȺˣ¥µϣֳһ˿˿ɭȻɱ⡣
أ
أ

ʱһȺΧ¥µˣûз¥ʲôط
׳գ档
׵ɫһȻղ¥ͷ֮ϵǳֻ֮һ
¥¸ղʩչٶȣڸӣܸܿһǾ˧
ʱ֪ԼԹˡ
߱Ȼһһơ
ಣ
׵ˣʣµһȺ˻ϣһԸ¥¡
ߣ
¥¿׵һȺ׵˻һƺһҲġ
֮У¥µϣһǿϢ۶һ⣬Ժ󣬲ûֹͣӡ
һ⣬֣ϵɶš
ɱ
ŷ׵һ£һȺ׵ˣͺǳ˴ҩһ㣬ֱӳ¥¡
ڵǣ͵ľͺϾܴ¥ʲôõôһȿֺ󡭡
ֻǣڰ·¥ͷ֮ϳֵǳ֮һɵˡ
¥µͷ֮ϣ˵ɫǳ֮˸޵Ĺ󣬷·ҫء
ˡ
׵һЩˣɵˣֻԼۻˡ

ɫǳ֮ıǡ
˧֮ϵĴڣ˧֮Ĳ࣬ȴ蹵
һһ࣬Ͷ֮䣬Ϳ׾ٵɱһ˧
Զ￴һĻҲ״סˡ
ȻͲµ¥µʵףȴû¥µʵȻǿֵز
˿µʵǱҲֻϲ١
Ҫǣ¥µԴ츳ߡ
ͻƵʡ

ڣ׵һȺˣ׵ĵڣﶼһ⡣
ʲôЦ
һҪɱǣ֣Ҳɡ
ڣǰģʲôһǰ࣬ʵԶʤһĴڡ
ӣӣӣӣӣ

ʱ˿̣ǵԺУֻʣôһ뷨
Ϊ֪ʱҪǲӣǾͱˣûκĿԡ

ǶԣǲƥеĴڡ
ʱ׵ĵڣ˷ɢ׼롣
ֻǣӵõ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ɲ֮䣬ת˲֮䣬¥ϲƵһ⣬ںХչֳǿƥ
˵֮ǰ¥Ľ⣬ʲôɱ
ʱ˿̣¥²ٿصĽ⣬ȴ̺Űǿ
վԶĿһĻ
ǰһ˧䡣
ЩˣǱһɱ
ȻҲһ⡣
Ҳ֪ǲ¥⣬һ⣬ӦʮǷ׵ĵϣ÷׵ֻ»
ʱ˿̣ڷ׵ϣ˿־塣
㡭㵽ʲôˣ
׵¥£һľ֡
һĻվһԵĳҲһ֪¥˭ղŻôݣҪɱ¥£


651 
¥ƽĿŷ׵һ˫ƽӣ̺ɱ֮⣬һ˿˿ĮѵûиңҡС¥
¥ƽԼͺ˵һ޹ؽҪ¡
üͷһƣȻʶ¥°꣬ǵһ˵¥µ֡
¥
ԭ¥»ôһ֡
ܿͷ֣Ƿ׵¥µĻɫ䣬ɪɪ¥£һĲ˼飬㡭Ǹ¥㲻Ӧ뿪ô
Ȼ׵ȻʶǶ¥µ֣ȴ˵
ң¥µ֣׵ż־塣
ߣ
¥ƽɨ˷׵һۣĮޱȣҸᣬûкúõϧ꣬Ƿ㸸׵飬Ҹʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
¥˵ƽĿ¡
׵¥µĻɫ䣬æҡͷ㲻ɱң㲻ɱң
׵ĵЪ˹¥Ŀƽޱȣһ̧֣Դ֮Ű֮۳Σۻһ
һ۵ɢһɿµϢ·ܽᡣ
¥³֣׵ɫ䣬ȻΧһ⣬ȴֹߣ޴ӡ
У¶
⣬עź
ݣ
¥³֣һХֱӶ˷׵壬µ壬ҷ
ɲ֮䣬֮Уָƽ
һ¥¡
ʶ¥ϰ꣬ȴͻȻã죬ʶ¥¡
߰ɡ
¥ϵĮ𣬿ӲϣѵųõЦݡ
¥ºͳһһҾ¥
Ҿ¥ںУҲһһľ¥
ۿ¥µ¥ƹԳӭӣ´ˣ롣
ܿ죬ƹĴ£¥һһᣬܰİ򵥣мƿ̴ïĻݣĵÿ¡
ǲǺܺ棿
¥ƹȥԺ¥¿һЦʵ
üͷ΢˵ͷ
֪¥˵ʲôȷʵܺ棬ȻǷ׵ͺ֮޵УΪ¥»ǷǷ׵飬ʵ˷˼
¥ĿͻȻƮͺǻص˹ȥЩ廳ǺܶǰˡǸʱҸյãҲʶʲô׵ĵ
һΣ뿪˼ӶߡʱһλǿĴ·־ҡ
ʱҲ֪˭ֻ֪򵥡ߣʼոʮˣһǿߡ
˵¥ҡͷһЦû뵽ҶһǺһǸ׵һԱٴμҵʱ򣬸տʼûʶңֱ˵£Ż
Ƿġԣ׵ȻԪˣ˼ǣȴҲûбǺΪ򺮳ȥĵˡ
¥ĿЩƮ졣
Ȼû뵽¥»ĹȥʵЩ˼ڻ˸о˼顣
¥ºͷ׵֮䣬Ȼľ
̲ס̾Ȼ
Ըܵ¥ǶµĸȻ¥¶ڵһУͻ
ô˵´㵱㻹˷׵飿
￴¥£ʵ
¥µ˵ͷǰɡ꣬飬÷׵ĺ£÷׵Ϣʱͷ׵ҲЭ飬׵ԻͣٺͺΪУ
ҵʱڷ׵ȥ֮ǰҲ˵ԺĺҺ鷳һһλᡣڤ粻飬һɱ֣
¥¼˵һ˫ǵӣ˸һ˿˿⡣
¥µĻȻ
ѹ֮ǰ¥θԷᣬöԷ뿪ԭһжΪ¥еĳŵ
¥£ûʧԼ
ȻǷ׵ȴʧԼˣֻϺǲ¥µȰ裬ڤ粻顭
עҷ
꣬ҼǵãǷ׵֮ӣڷ׵ԣϵҡҲӦʶҡ̬ƺΪѾ뿪˺
˵¥һƽͺȥһУѾɢˡ
¥ѣóﲻȻ𾴡
׼ټ㵽ȥ
ͻȻ¥¿һ˫ӹ⣬˵£Ҹ˵ˣҲӦˡ

üͷһơ
ھһ㶼İ
ΧһһƬԵİ
Ǻ׵һֻǾµһȺС֮һ
ңȥ
￴¥£ʵ´ˣȥܸʲô
¥΢΢һЦɱСôҲԴ确ھ򡯵֮һȥ˾иõδһĥ˵ĵط
˵¥һ˫΢΢𣬻ĶԳ˵
ĥ˵ĵط
ȻЩ⣬Ҳˣ¥޶⣬Ϊ롣
⣬Ҳûоܾ
һȴǾ¥С˷
ú׼׼º
Էʱ¥²ѳ
º
ԣ˵ͷںڣﻢѣƺҲûʲôǣҡ
¥һ극󣬳źֵ
ֱӻԼӵĴԺ
ʱͷﻢƺҲûдţԹǰԺʱڲƺϣεɫ񷣬һ˫ӣ˸Ųһ⡣
ʮ֮
ֹͣ߳˷š
ǰԺƺɹ̫ĳЦЦ˳ƹȥ˳ߡ
ôͻ˰ɣ
ÿҲ֪ڳ˭ʵ
ˡ
˵ͷʱʱһ˫ӳ˸м
ӵеһУǳġ
˵ûгڵ֪ڸʲôƴ׬ȡԴ飬ֻֻһĬĬŵɢߡ
֮ܶǳĳ֣ػ
Ļ˵ͷû˵
һ̣շ·𳹵׳
ΣȿˣųǷ׵һȺˣʲôģ׵ȻԳӦ߲ưɣҸоƺûʲô
ԴжϳӦûʲô¡
Ȼڵĺ㣬ܵ˳ء
Ƿ׵ˣȷʵ߲ơ
˵ͷ̲סʮ֮ǰ¥ڣһȺ׵ˣѾںŰɱ
ĵǸʱ򣬺㲻꣬ҲͿ̿
㡭
һɻ֪ľľ


652 뿪
Ц£ʲôҵʱȥ¥ˡ
¥£
Ȼ򣬡¥ǣ

ҡҡͷһЦ¥ûǣǽȫɱˡǷ׵ˣڣȫԶǺԺ󣬷׵Ⱥˡ
Ļɴ󾪡
û뵽´˾ȻѸ٣ֱӾͽǺ˶ɵˡ
ȣȻں꣬Ҳ֪¥Ǻһǿߣȴûм¥³ֻ֣֪¥ƽʱƢܺãû
ڿԽˣԽǿ¡
ˡ
￴¥¸˵£˵ºҿܾҪ뿪ˡ
뿪
Ļ̲סһ㶣ô죿
Ȼ֪վ뿪һ죬Ҳû뵽һô죬ԣֻѣǸǡ
Ϊĳ֣ı䣬֮Դ飬ҲҪκεĹ˼ɡ
ֻˣڵҲ³Ϊ˺ߣ˵Ǵ˺Ĺ
һУǳġ
ǳ¥²ܻһ㣬֪֮ġ
ֻﻢҲǶ˳
˵ͷǰ¥׼׼ʵҲûʲô׼ġŶˣ¥ʮǰ˵ģٹ¶ʮ죬ҾҪ뿪
ﻺ˵̾˿
ѣȻҲѣԴ磬ûмѣʶﻢҲԵ֡
ϾԴôƫƫͺﻢ˽
ڰﻢûʲô
Ϊġ
¥£
Ļ̲ססˣ㲻ԼҪ뿪ģ
˵ͷȻǣҾԼҪ뿪ҲڡڣֻǾѣҾҪ뿪ҲҪȵͻƵ˧˵
ڣȱԴԴ飬ЩԴ飬ԹָЩǿΪĴڡ
ԣҪ뿪Ҳἱʱ뿪
ںܰȫһ뿪˺磬ͲӦˡ
뿪ҪԴеɢޣһЩɢڸɢޣԽΪ
һ࣬뿪˺棬²ö༶ͻᱻЩɢɱ
ԣһֱһЩ뿪
ͻƵ˧
ҲֻͻƵ˾˧һĳ̶ӵԱ
¥ȥʲôط
һɻ֣Գ츳ںǸã
ԺԣƺҲһ¡
ڣ¥ƺųȥ̲סʵ㲻ǲСĵ¥˰ɣ
ڣ֮䣬ΪΪ¥£ԲŻᱻ䡣
ĻҡͷһЦ㶼뵽ȥˣҲûе¥¡ʵһ¥뿪Ҳû뿪Ƭ򡣡
ʲô˼
ЩĻһɻ
ֱ˵¥ϣҵȥ˵Ǹطʺҡ

ĻͫһЩȻô˵¥׼ͨǺټȥ
˵ͷ
ԣϵĺȻ𽥵ɢȥЦЦ¥»ǺܿģȻôõĻøˡ
ĻóһȻ⻰ʲô˼
ڳ￴ڱҲ̫ˣǰһ̻˵ǲǵ¥£ʱ˵¥¿Ż뿪ȥ
ⲻì
Ц֪Ǻÿ꣬Ҳֻһټǵھ֮һʵҪͻƵ˧ΣǸط츳ײ
ң˵ϣǿƼ㵽ҲܵõĥɳƾԴ飬ټϾϵԴھϣˮ
֮䣬Ժ˽
ȻԿ˵ʱüԼżĽ
Ҳ֪ﻢǼһʲôʱأϣ뿪ųء
ҡͷһЦ΢΢˵
ﻢˬʺͳĹϵһֱܺãҲĽѡ
ϣ뿪ǰܺﻢ
Ӧòᡣ
ҡҡͷЦЦǼһӦסôʱ䡣
˵ﻢȴס
֮ﻢҲˡ
ڣ뿪µʱ䡣
ϴЩ׵ļһô
ﻢһأʳйط׵һȺ˵£һ
£ڶȥˡ
ҡͷһЦ֮ǰ˵Ļһһתﻢ
ʹ죡
˵¥ɱ˷׵һȺˣﻢ̲סһЦͺɱ׵һȺ˵Ĳ¥£Լһ㡣
ţ
ͻȻﻢ˳ƺЩֹʵҪ˵
ۼﻢ͸˵ͷ
˵ɡ
һԵԲĲᣬﻢ˵ﻢٹ£Ҫ뿪ˡ
Ҫ뿪
ﻢĻ̲סһ㶣ۼ˵ͷ̾˿Ȼ֪Ҫߣû뵽ôҪ뿪ֻǣһΪȻɷ棬ȴǼΪΣաǲٵȴһʱ䣬뿪ĻҲȫһЩ
ﻢȻҲĳʱ뿪ʲôΣա
Ͼ࣬ԴУ㲻ʲô
֮ǰⴳĵҲǿĽߣһʮ
˵ϵһȺɢߣںһ棬ǽԴϻ췹ԡ
ﻢĵģȻоˣ΢΢һů
⣬ѣѡ
ﻢͲõˡ
ҡҡͷɹﻢĿԺ󣬲Ż˵ȻҪ뿪ȴ뿪ǺڵһƬ򡭡ԺһƬ֮УңʱԻǡ
ţ
ﻢĻ̲סһ㶣û⻰ʲô˼
ֱ˵ҪȥŷӦͬʱһ˼Գ﷢ĵĹϲϲȥȷʵںáû뵽¥¾Ȼ㡣
˵ﻢҲЩĽ
ЦЦ
£˶ûںΧתһȦ
Ժ󣬳ﻢ˵׼ֵ𣬡ﻢأԺпգһǵġ
ʱ䣬ﻢˣͽꡣ
ء
ﻢ˵ͷһ֣ء
ﻢһͷŷ뿪ܿ뿪˺ִ˺¥Լĵص㡣
ʱ¥Ѿȴ
¥£ȥһ룬棬ڽס


653 ֮
´ˡ
￴¥£˵ͷйˡ
¥¿΢΢һЦӽ쿪ʼͲǺеˣԺټңڽҹ´ˣֱӽҵ־ˡҽ¥
¥µĻҡͷһЦ´ˣҾ뿪˺ҲҵİңԶǺˡ
ں¥չˣҲôӵһΪ
¥£Ĵм
һ֪ͼˡ
¥ĻЦһˣ֪츳ҲᾡȫġҰ㣬˵ڰ㣬˵ڰԼϾ츳ԺǳҪվ۷ң츳ޣȡĳɾ͡
ԺɳҶҪӵĵزǸʱͳײͬˡ
¥¼˵ʱ˿̵·𿴵˳δ
ţԳ츳վԴĶ㣬۷塣
ʵҲһͶʡ
עѹڳϡ
ģڿܶ࣬ɵȵպȴǱ˻ٶҲġ
ȳĳɳһزЩͲȱ
ڣڳﻹûгɳԵ˵һ
вͬҲ¥Գİ
￴¥£һ档
˵ڣԺ¥µĶ飬ڣһҲˡ
գ¥ҪƴȫҲ
µĳŵһ˵ĳŵ
¥µ˵ͷϸֳοڳΪˣĲޣˣҲһ١ٶİúһǰ˳
ڳϣ̫̫ϣ
ΣԺֱҵ־ͺˡپܾˣôˡ
¥һ˵ţֳЦĿԺæ˵粵Ļᡣ
󣬳ȻЩΣȴҲòЭ¥
š
¥ԣЦˡ
߰ɡ
¥кһֱӷӶںȥ
뿪ҪǰǾ
ھ˽Ĳֻ֪࣬ƬİҲԴھ֮ˡ
һȥ˷ܵͬʱҲ
¥Ǿһʲôĵط
￴¥£̲סʵ
Ļ¥ЦЦڵھ򣬾Ϊһͬĳƺţ֮Ϊŵҡ
ŵҡ
¥˵ģóԴ˺棬ɻʵʲô˼
¥ԣһЦ͵νŵҡŵĵطԴڣŲ츳ȺĴڣǿʵһֱټĴڣɸѡٮٮߣȵɳ֮ʱὫ͵һطһ˻ĵط
˵¥гȣȻ˼ֿϧ
ţ
¥µĻóﻹЩͷԣ¥ȥûУ
ȥ
¥µͷֻң񺮳λҲȥǣͬΪǸĵطֻϧһ񣬶˻
˵¥֮䣬ϧ
¥µʧ䣬Ǹطӵĺˣ¥һʲôĵط
¥ԣĿЩƮʵҲ֪ʲôط
Ҳ֪
¥µĻһ¥£ȥǸطô˵֪
Ǹط
¥ƺ˳е˼һЦ֪ʲôڿ϶룬ȻǴǸطģӦ֪Ǹطһʲôĵط𣿡
ͷ
¥̾˿ʵֺγ֪һطֻǣȥˣ˳ֻˣõ˻Լɾ͸߽ʡ
߽ʣ
¥µĻ̲ͫסһ
߽Ȼ¥ûйĽͣﻹʶʲôӦϵĴڡ
ȥǸطֱӳɾ
УʶԳɾͣ
𺳵ͬʱǸطҲ˺ǸطʲôأǸطܸ˴ĺô
¥¼˵ȻȴҲûõκεĶͱ˳ڣΪλᱻҶĪһģоųϵˡ
¥µĻó˼֡
ǰôĵط˭ܿ̽аصģҲлУҲδܿ͸еİء
Ǹط¥˵Ҳ̫ˡ
¥ҪβܽǸط
￴¥£ʵ
ȻǸطܹ죬ò˵ǸطһУԣǸطһĵط
ʻ¥ȴԵһ㶼⣬һЦ˵ǸطҪ˵еġžˡžΪŸ׶Σ˾츳ٺãûͨһ׶ΣҪǧꡣ
һ׶Σǧꣿ
¥µĻ̲ͫסһһĺȻ
žŸ׶ΣҪʱ䣿
ꡭ
Щ
ϾԵԼƿصԴڴʱ䣬ǼԴʱ䣬Զꡣ
Դ磬ֻͣһӣһˡ
̫ˣ
ﲻɸ̾
ܿ죬¥¼ˣȻŸ׶ΣֻһĽˡµĵ죬κһڣÿ꣬ԻһǸǿȥǰŸ׶εľֱӽ׶ξġ
¥»е˼ҲˣϸֳһĨȡ
ڿ¥¿еǸӵˡ
ﲻ̾ȻǶԾνžȤ¥ڣžô£
¥ԣĿһ΢Щɵνž޷Ǿﾺ桭ǿˣԻߣ̭
˵¥̾˿꣬ڵھŽ׶εžͲ㱻˸ɵ˵Ȼ츳Ҳܴ⣡
ΪھžмֵĴڣͨˡ
¥µĻΪȻ
Щˣ϶汾µģһ㣬˿ɡ
Щ˿ǰ˸׶εžбɸѡȥˡ
һгڴ
ʱ¥¼˵˵ﾺ棬ǵǸʱʵҲܴһСסȥžʱһҪչֳԼļֵź
ҾΪҵһ֮ˣ˳ͨŸ׶εĿˣһ㣬Ҫмǡ
˵¥һء


654 
ڣ¥ȫһ˵ڽѵų
Ҳš
Ϊ֪ЩϵԼԺԺǷھгͣǷܽǸطȡЩ顣
ǰ֮
¥µǰ֮
¥µ·£һ·߷Ӷ
ķ򣬾Ǳߡ
¥ȥˣֱӲǵھŽ׶εľ
ʵ
¥ҡҡͷ˵ûмǴǾľӦڽһ֡ڣӦýе˵׶λǵ׶ΣھŽ׶Σǧʱ䡣
㵽Ժ󣬿ȥǰ˸׶εľֱӵȴھŸ׶ξĵ
¥һصĶԳ˵
˵ͷ΢ѹ
ǧʱ䡭
Ȼʱ仹ףҲԼپҪһʱ䡣
ʱ棬ͻƣֻǱ̭
ᱻɱ

¥̧ͷһöָɳ˳
ˣȻЩɻ󣬵ǽסˣ¥ʲô
¥µҡҡͷһЩС㵽˾Ժٿɡ
Ȼ¥˵СȴôҲš
ѡ
֪öָĶûô򵥣ܹϵδ
¥ǾжԶ
Ժ󣬳ʵ
չٶȣٹվܵˡǺԾٶȣʮ졣
¥Գ˵֮䣬˾̸֮
ͷ
һ·ϣ¥Ķտʼ˵ĻԴ¡
˲֪ĵ˸յԴ塣
ԴڵһУ˶ԣôҪԵԴ壬һУôľʡ
¥һ·̸˵أҲ׷ſˣ¥Ϊ
յʱ䣬˵ת۾͹ȥˡ
ԺһӴĵ죬ԶԶľͳ˳ǰ
һӴĵ죬ӦþǾˣǿߵ¥ʵ¥Ǿ
¥ǰĵһۣ˵ͷǾҲǧҪĵط
˵ͷгڴͺ档

ۿǰ¥ɫ΢
ô
¥ɫĿ΢һɻٿ¥¥飬ҲǶʲô˼ɡ
¥˵ھںϣǿơ㣬Ҫ̫â¶٣ǵھŽ׶εž֮ǰҪâ̫¶򣬿ܻᱻơ
¥֮䣬ԳЩġ
¥Ļ֣صĵͷ֪¥ΪãҲ¥顣
ǰ
ʱҲλЩ
ϾǵھȻһ㡣
Դǿʵɾǰġǰͳ죬һλεĴڡ
ֻϧǸܵù
ֻµİȫ𣬾ԼҲ׻ҷ𣬻췦
뵽̲ס𣬵һĻ
̫ǿˣǿľս
ǵãʱǰĺҪֹͣˡ
Һûиƽϵ˼
ھͲˡ
ಣಣ
ڳ˸տʱѸӰԳӶȴһ˺һӡ
ǷӶͬʱҲ˳¥
ͻȻ֮䣬˶һۣ⣬ֱӳ¥ڡ
ţ
һĻüͷɵˣղŲѾΪͻȻۻأ
ѵϳԼ
ԣԼֲʲôˣҲʲô
ˣѵΪ¥£
뵽￴ߵ¥ܿͷ֣¥ԴƺҲһ֪ϣɻ
Ȼ¥Ҳ˳һۡ
ȷκһˣʶǷӶˡ
ʱ˵ɫˡ
ˣ߲ơ
ಣಣ
ڣӰ˳¥Զ֮УĮĿų¥¡
ü֮С
ˣղŷӶٶȲ
˵ͷ֮ϣǿ˾ŵɫǳ֮
ԣ˧
ղţһۿʱ𺳡
˧
˴ڣǷ۾µĸ죬ʵҲˡ
ɢ޵ˣʵôǿ
ͬڳ˿¥ǰ˵ʱȴһĮƺûн˷ҲȷʵûԷ
ϵľɢվߵ¥һλǿ

ɵССľ˧
֮䣬Ͳһϡ
еָǱɣ
ڣǸ˿ˣĿ⣬ڳ¥ϡ
˿ڵͬʱŰƣӿ˳¥
ֻǣڳ˵ϣȴûжԳκεӰ죬üһĲ⡣
һ˼ˣ⡣
ԴܴԴҲͬ
ǰˣֶεֵ˧ơ
ʮҸʮʱ䡭
˿¥ˣҪɴĶ࣬һ˫ӣڿڵͬʱѾżΪµɱ⡣
¥Ѿûж
֪ʱѾ¡
ԺҲܳΪ˧ڣʵȴԶԶĲˣҪɱֱͺһ򵥡
˧Ҫɱһļޱȡ
ĿĮ˵ı
˸
ٴοڣͺǴ
Ȼڳ˵ĴԼġ
¥ڣġ

Σ˼ڣһ˫ӣ͸¶֮ɫ˶ɡ
ﲻɽԭأһƵᣬ̩ɽǰ겻ɫ
¥ȴ˶ҲǼΪ΢ĶϵĶǰ˺ˣ
¥֮䣬ŲһİԵ
˺˶̲סһ㶣˷ӳ˹Ц

ڣ𽥵ЦûǱڣѾԼ֪ߵغɱһĻ
ǰ˵ʵƲ⡣
Ϊղ˷Ӷеʱͷ֮ϣֵǾͷɫǳ֮⣬ֻǾıǡ
ֻǾࡣ
ͬ飬ȴǾ˧εĴڣ࣬˾ŸΣǿ˾ŸΡ

˵˱ɱ֮⡣
ʱ˿̣һԵˣԪѾƣ׼Գ¥ˡ
߲ƣ


655 ī
ߣ
˻ûбʱһߣͻأԴڱ֮УЯ˵ĺ⣬ëȻ
ȴǳߵ¥
˺ߵˣȻû뵽һĻһʱ䶼סˡ
ˣʱ˵
ʱ¥Ҳˡ
Ϊ¥£εĴڣ¥һ֣ͷ֮ϣͳ˰˵ɫǳ֮
µԴ֮¥·ʱܺХǰ谭ɱ
Զ˺˿һĻɫɴ䡣
ˡ
ǵʼ
ȻǾ˧ʵףҲֻ˧
˧һΣ蹵
ֻһһҲԽΪ˧Ĵɱ˧ġ
ȷǰ˧һӤһ
˧ǰһ㡣
ڣʶΪչߵǸ࣬Բſķٶȡ
ֻǣʶƺЩˡ
ˣǲ֪ǰɡ
֮ǰŵıˣ¥͸¶ԵĿ־壬Ͷ֮䣬ͿԽ˧ɱԲκεĽҿԡ
ڣվߵˣҲһĻţ¥ˣΪѣġҪǡ
֮䣬еһУƵ˵ϣԼƲһɶ
˵Ļɫһ¶һ˿˿ɭȻĺ⣬ŭ˵ʲô˵ģղ´ԺҲô˽
ƨ˵ģ
һ
һʱ䣬˺ΪΣȻҵ
󣬸Ǵ
ó￴һĿɿڴ
ԴڣκһˣĿǿ
ԻȥûԸϾһʹڵԴҲҷԴڵһУڡ
κ˶ϣġ
¥ۿǰҧһĻϵԴ֮ȴȥʱ׼ܵʱ֡
˺ˣƾУֲʤ
ߣ
ڣ¥ƺЩͷˣһ̧֣嫵Դ֮ӿ˺˾ɨ˹ȥ
ɲ֮䣬·Ϊ֮һ١
˺ˣֱӱ¥Ĩɱ˻ҽʣ
һ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܳɾ
һ̾Ȼ
߰ɡ
¥ɱǸ˺˵ʱһı䣬ԳʱȴżЦݡ
ȫǻһˡ
ͷ
ܿ죬¥ͳ͵˾Χ
ǵھ֮һҲʮô󣬳¥Χʱ򣬾ͱһȺѲߵľ֮סˡ
ʲôˣ
ס¥Ѳ֮ˣʵ
¥һ̧֣жһöơ
ƣǺһ˸žŵɫĹơ
ŵ󣬻һֱ
ƣѲ֮¶ԭĴˣ롣
¥˵ͷų˾
¥ǣ
ʵ
ǾŸ¸쵺ƣһΣҲӵȡơ
¥Գ˵
Ȼ˵ͷ
¥һ𣬽˾
ھ¥ԼΪϤֱӾ߶ȥ
ܴ۾һƬƽԭһڸĽȺȻҲвٵĳɽ룬ֱǺݷһޣһȥȻη
ܿ죬¥ųߵһǰ
һݻ
ܿ죬¥һкڽ֮ڣӶһӰ
һˣʮҡ
Ȼ֪˵ͣԲֻˡ
ԴУòȥֱһ˵ľͣЩϡˣ˵ǸյԴ硣
ЩƶʮҵС꣬˵ѾԴʮꡣ
ԴУʲôǶܷ
ЩֻС¶ѡ
¥겻
̤նͬʱĿ˳һۣͿ¥һЦƺΪ硣
ǰ겻
¥˵ͷˣ˵īҺټĵӣҲûˣǸȥʲôطǼǣ
Ǻټĵӣ
ˣҲī¥Ļһȣ´ųСһƺ¥Ǻټĵӣһֱǵĺĵ͹ô͹
ī֮䣬˾ȡ
īĻ¥ЦЦҵѡ
ѣ
¥Ļīһͣϵ¥¥֮ΪѵˣԲ򵥡
ʱī΢΢һЦã¥ѣīȻ¥ѣԺȻҲҵѣڣʲôҪæ£ʱҡҵסҲ֮ءȻҲѡסﻷࡣ
īһ˵һѻóҲǲһ㶡
ī񣬸տʼʱ򣬶ƺΪ⡣
ǵ¥˵Ժ̬Ⱦͳױˣ˸ľת䣬֮䣬ǶޱȣͺǼһ겻ĺһ㡣
Է˿ȻҲûеͷһЦãīҽг

ī˵ͷЦЦԺԼˡ¥ҴǹȥǼǡ
īĴ£¥һ·ȥִһϿ֮ڡ
һϿȣλھߵĴɽ֮С
ҲˣټһҲֻбһƬɽĵطȻżҲܿһЩɽ֣Ƕעƽԭ֮ϵģȫûȡ
ֱһԭ̬֮ء
ûоκεƻ
żܿĴӶǵסƺҲɽѨһࡣ
ܿ죬¥īĴ£˹Ͽȡ
ʱ￴Ͽ棬һĹݻһĸо
ǵǼ֮
ֻҪǾ¸ټˣֱӳΪеһԱңֱ˸׶εֱ֮ӽھŽ׶Ρ
󣬾ÿ꺮һˣȵ˵ھŽ׶ε֮ʼʱҲа֮ࡣ
¥һ˽ȥǼǡ
īȴ
ʲôʱԴģ
īʵ
Ӧǧ˰ɡ
˵û˵ֻ˰꣬Żī
ǧꣿ
ˣīȻҲŵˣīʵʲôΪ̫ǧĵھŽ׶֮δܴӱ
īЩ⡣
һյԴǧ֮ˣôټأ
ңǸ¥ƺＫΪ˼⡣


656 ĩ
ѵ츳һ㣿
ڣīеڴ֪һΪ
īԼȤﲢ֣ŵ˵ԼԴǧ꣬϶ⲻī𺳣˵Ǿࡣ
ࣿ
ﻰһ䣬īͳסˡ
Դ粻ǧ꣬Ǿࣿ
ʲô
ī𺳡
ǵһξĹȻʶԴ츳ǿˣɾ츳ٺãҲҪǧܳɾ;ࡣ
ڣƺЩ⣬Ϊ¥ԳҺټˡ
ֱ
һرīԴĵ׸е𺳡
Դ츳ǿ
īĿޱȣ·ܶһУͬʱҪ͸
ֻϧעҪʧˡ
ʼƵᣬ̩ɽǰ治ɫ޾Ŀ⡣
Ҷѡ
ﵭһЦµīΪôʧ̬޷ǾԼǧ֮ȡõĳɾ͡
ڣ̲ס롣
ҺûиīԴʱ䣬򻹲īųಡ
ܿ죬¥ʹǰĹ˳ݸ˳һöƣԺھŽ׶ε֮ҪõĶҲԺھơ
˵ͷֽӹϸĴ
һöͨɫƣһֻҲϲޣƿš֡
Ƶĺ棬ƿһš֡
öһҪúñܣһҪõƣķѰǧʱ䣬ͨ˸׶εĿˡ˵Ϊټ֮ˣȥǰпˡ
ʱīѵ
˵ͷʾףԸоöƵĳأûκεĳɣֱӽöսָ֮Уúõıܡ
ߣȥȼ
īЦЦų¥ص˾ߣһݻľ¥
ī񣡡
īͣ¥ƹ񿴵īչˡ
аɣ
īƹҲһ㶼衣
Ȼ
ܿ죬ƹǲС˵İ£˽һᣬޱȵĶᡣ
ֱ
¥òһ˾סգ
ī¥һڴ˵
˵īü֮䣬ƺżԵζ
һ㣬ǳҲˡ
ô鷳
¥īʵ
īЦ¥Ҳ֪ǾˣҲֻһѡڱ𴦻ԣھڣȴǶ繷һץһѣвǿҵĴڡ
˵ī̾˿ǰʱ䣬Һһ˳ͻ˵ֳ˵һڱչء˵ٹһʱ䣬ǸҪˡ
˵īڴĿ¥
¥ҡҡͷˣ£Ұ
Ȼīȵľ¥仰һʱ䣬īϣ¶˲õЦݡ
һƲ
īر߰ʱʱ¥ơ
뵽īղ˵ĻҲһ̾Ȼī񣬺ôҲǶھ֮УƺҲĲϲ¡
ڣҪ¥
ԱԺ󣬳¥סīļ
סһķ䣬š
֪ʱת˹üͷһƣƺһЩ񣬶ӦεҰҲ֪Ƿ˧ε
뵽ｫǸɭֺļ̳ڵõļöȡ˳
⼸öͨ˸ŻɫĹ
еһö
ſ죬һھ
ɲ֮䣬оһůԼ֮ڣܿ죬öҩ˲䱬ɢӳ¡
տʼﻹܾҩ֮С
Ǻܿ죬ͷ֣һɹǿϢŰͷҲʼ亹

ҽ·ܿƣĴײ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ûжԴ֮ĺΪ֮ҡ
ôˣ
ת˲֮䣬ٵȴ¥ī˶˹
ǹڵģʱ׵סˡ
Ƿʲô£
ǿԿڳȫµë֮УɢһɭȻѪҺѪҺҪǮһӿƿɲ
䣡
ʱٴײһǽϣǽײһѷ졣
ҲϵĽǿͣǻһĽͱֱӶˡ
ôˣ
īüһɻ
ҷ˧ε
һţһ߳Īʹ࣬شī֮мżɭȻʹൽµɭȻ
Ļīɫһ䣬һ࣬Ȼ˧ε㲻Ҫˣ
ԴУһ
ҲǾԡ
Ȼһ㣬Ƿֲεġ
ÿεԴ񣬾ʺǸεҷܻܿ˶ֱӱ
¥üͷ𣬿ŲϵĳҲЩ޲ߡ
¥ô죿
ī¥һɻʵʵǲ֪ôˣģƺᵽʲôʹࡣ
û취
¥ҡͷüڣֻܿԼˡ˧εȻЩ嶯ҲǾͲһѵ˧εԺ󣬻ܻģ
īԣҡҡͷʶһ㡣
һ¥һԹۡ
ü֮䣬ɼżֵǣȻͳʶãȻ¥ѣȻҲѡ
¥Ľ飬¥ھʱ򣬾ͽˡ

Ҳ֪Լҽ˼Ŭʵ̲סӲڴʹ
񣬳ֻоǿԼŰ
ڣԴ嶼֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ͬʱڳԴڵ磬ҲһΣ
Ƚλ棬֧飬˲
ӵ飬ɥʧ
񣬾ǵڵĵ͵ȷλ棬Ƕ͵ȷλһȺ͵ȷλУǼ͵ģֻǻһΣֹͣ˻ζ
ϵ֮ǰһ㣬ƽš
ǲ֪ʲô¡
ɶǻǬ½һˡ
ϣķкɶһֱ˲뿪˵
ٴγʱɶѾǬ½ϡ
Ǭ½ͺĩա
ƶ飬޴ڡ
ڵڵĵ͵ȷλ棬Ǭ½ڵĵ͵ȷλҪˡ
һЩǬ½¶ᱻ˺顣
ǰһĻɶɫҲ磬׷ʲôˣ
һ˵
һһǿ
Ƿȴӵźͷ


657 Ѱ
Ȼ˵ǳԴ֮
ԴϵƿԴڵһе
ų죬Ǭ½ֹͣ˶Ǭ½ΪĩҪٵߣǻع¡
ƽˡ
ָƽˣ
ڻָƽˡ

Ǭ½ߣ˷ܲѣǶԣǬ½ָƽҲζſԼˡ
ԻûһԸ
ˡ
ǣɶ֣ȥǰ޲Դڵĸλ档
·ϣҲɶ˵Լڵ
磬㲻°ɣ
ɶһĵģϾڿǷ˳ΧŰΪ¡
ҡͷû£ҺҵԴ嵱Դͨʱ򣬾ɱǿɫԴ塭򣬿ڵңĲܳ˧˵Ǿա
˵һ£ͬʱԼʵ̫ˡ
˵һľһ̶ЩøԶˡ
ȡ˽ѵ
ɶ˵ͷ˵Ҳͷˡ
ڣȻķߣһ뵽ĪԴ磬ﻹһġ
ϾǸطһǿƼ硣
ʵߣʱҷ
ӵֱӣĴߣЩѵλȫֲ
ڽѵλ涼ֲˡ
ǻȥɡ
ǣӵ֣һص˵򣬼ƽ
Դϡ
ײķѵķԴ֮Ű£鲼һ˿˿ѪҺ
֪Դ֮ɨЩѪҺű޳һԡ
Ȼ䣬˫ۡ
һӹ
ڳͷ֮ϣ֮۳һɫǳ֮
ɫǳ֮Цˡ
һ˧
һεľգǶȹˣø
ʱվڲԶī񳹵״סˣԾΪ˧ֻûг£ֱͻƵ˧ˣ
ֱǲܷ£ȻһУͷǰòš
һУ̫˼ˡ
㵽ʲô
īһʵԴǲһġ
ڣЩ⣬Ϊ¥Ϊˡ
ʸ¥ѡ
˵һĳ̶ϣ¥ˡ
ϲ
¥ͻƣ΢һ£Ȼˡ
츳֪ģǸε츳Ҳ̫˽⣬ڣһжѵ˳һ츳ϣΪ츳ӹһѡ

ֻˣڵĳһΪͻƵһ˧
һܴͻơ
¥󣬰ǰֻһĳԺ󣬾ȻѾһλһ˧
˽ľ
Ҫ֪һԴ񣬾ԴǳɫԴ츳ģûиʮ꣬ܳΪ˧
츳һ𾪡
֮ǰ룬Ժ󣬳ҪΪ۲εĴڵˡ
ۣ
Դеľ԰Ҳֻи߸ϵѹ
һ㶼Դðͷ
ڱҪǿĴڣǸ˵еĴڣɸֻڴ˵֮УѾϰ꣬û˿ˡ
εĴڣһûټλϵĴڡ
Ǹˣͺǳ伣һ㡣
ˣīǻȥóϢһ¡
¥ī˵ҪʱӦڵΪ
ī˵ͷкһ㻻һɡ
ڣڵ䣬ײЩ֧飬ҺĲϺãͲ֪ײʲôˡ
˵ͷ
µķ䣬ϷźڴϣĵһԴ֮ɱ䡣
֮˸ɫԴȫʧˡ
ֻʣԴ屾
Դ屾ɫ֮ǰɫԴ˸ųɫ˳εʵڣڵɫԴ˸ˣ˻ɫ
ɫ˧εʵ
˧֣֮γɻɫǳ֮
￪ʼӦ˧ΪͻƵ˧һԴ֮ɱ䣬Ҳóоһİİĸоܲϲ
ڣҪӦһԴ֮
ڣʱĹܱҲ֪˶ã֪ԼһԴ֮ºŻع
ʱͻȻоͻȻǿϢüͷ΢΢һ塣
ô£
뿪˷䣬뿪˽
ʱԿ¥īҲһˣ˻һ
ôˣ
ʵ֪ʲô£ֻоɷӶϢƺ߲ơ
ϴ˵ģӦ˽Ǹ鷳
īʼ磬̯˵¥ߣȻ֮ܵ䣬ޱȡ
ͷĿԶ
ʱԶ⣬Ӷܿڳ˵ĲԶ
ӣһˣɫۣü͸¶һˣһɫۣ㣬ü֮䣬һɰ룬ܲ򵥡
֣ڻˡ
īһˣ˵
һ̧֣ӶЦīҸ˵ңԲк³գҾҪô
֮䣬ûнīΪīˡ
ô֣°ܽǰҲôӲˣ
īˣǷһĨЦӶź⡣
ˣīҲǶŭɢһɹǿʢֻоһëȻ
٣оīһľս
ī񣬲Ƕ
ﰵ
ֻ˧ֻһ˧
˵һ˧Ǿ˧һȣҲ֮ԶԶ˧֮ϡ
ī񣬻Ƕ
īİԵɫһһ˫ӣ͸¶Ĺ󣬡īΪҾֻһ𣿸㣬ߵһλεĴڡһ춼
īѾʼٻ
˵ĻīͻȻЦˣЦúܲã֣˰֡㲻Ұ̫޳Ҿã֮£ͲӦñ˲֣𣿡
īԲ˵Ļóһ顣
ī񣬼ֱڸס
ţ־Ӳīµס
ʵ֤¶ˣֻǲīĻЦһôī֪ˣҳϣֻһʵԶ㣬Ҫɱңܼ򵥡ֻϧϴûɱңҲҽҵĵط
գλæҵҪ㣬
֮䣬·𿴵īɱһĻ


658 ˧۷
īֵĻü״֣㲻ܹ֣һΣԸԸ˽½£
Σ
īĻȻΪīˣЦ
Ȼī߶ˣ֪īھʶʲôǿ
īխȦīԼƺǿĴڡ
Σ
ֵĻī˵ͷĿ⣬һԵĺ˵ϣ˵ǲİ֣Ҹһᣬ뿪򣬺Ը
˵īϣɢǿţͺһλߣڶλ˵һ㡣
īĻ䣬ֿˡ
ǺˣҲһһ㶵ģΣſ֣ղ˵һᣬ뿪ҺԸ
ڣ˻Ϊīڶ˵̲סȷϵ
ǡ
īźˣͷȻ֪Է˿ȴ˿塣

Ϻ۶һ˫ӻ죬üĵɰ룬ҲĿ£ͺǵγѪһ㡣
źŭǸЦī

ī֣̲סЦˣ֣ģǻʱúýġ
ǾͿǷܵһλŭˡ
ֵЦͺʤȯһ㡣
𣿡
īҲЦˡ
¥ͽˣ֣ͽҰɡ
ͻȻī񿪿ˣǿŲֿڡ
īĻòɫһһԵĺˣҲü
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬˳¥ϣȻ֪īڸ˭˵
īٹŪ飡
ЦмＸҲ֪һ㣬ԺĴڣ˵Σ
ʱ¥һīߣĮĿ⣬Ǹ˵ϣƽĿ£ī񣬿Ҫһ
īҡͷɱȻãҲǴɱ֮ġ
š
¥˵ͷƽĿ⣬˺˵ϡ
˿¥ǷһĨЦҪī㡭ȥɣ
˻䣬˶ˣɫӶ绯һƻ棬Ӷ¥
֮ϣɫǳ֮۳Ρ

ˣȷʵһ֣ȴǾȫʩΪ׼¥һɱ
ֻϧעҪʧˡ
¥Ҳˡ

¥ͷ֮ϣ֮ӿƶ󣬰˵ɫǳ֮۳Σ·ЯŸ֮
˵ɫǳ֮ȣ˵ɫǳ֮Ҫǿ
ĺˣۿ¥ӭǻһĨЦ
ֻǣ˿̿¥ͷϵǳ֮ɫױˣ¶Ŀ־壬ˡ

ϰҲ֪
ˣϵԴ֮ʱˣҲٰﲩˣ뿪뿪
Ȼǰһ̻ޱȵĺˣ¥չֳʵæģֻΪһ
ߣ
ȻӦģֻ¥һߡ
¥ԶȷɳԴ֮ŰȻӳ绯ǧ֮ź˾ѹ䡣
ȻƴֿǱûҷ

Ĳ
ˣôˡ
վһԣ̲סһ
ɱȴҲûô𺳡
ΪǸǱɱģǰȴǱ¥һɱֱɱ
ԶֿǰһĻɵˡ
ڿ¥ͷ֮ϸֵİ˵ɫǳ֮ʹסˣôҲû뵽īҵôǿİ֡
һ̣ûعͷԼİֱɱˡ
һʱ䣬ٲȻһ˿˿

Ϊʲô
ġ
ֵ֣ˡ
ī֣Ƿһ˿ЦݣЦݣϴûɱ㣬ҵһʧߡգҵҪ㻹λ
ī񣡡
ɫѿһīҲû˵ʲôĵĻΪ֪Ҳûá
īīձɱɡ
һԴ֮ζһ׼롣
䣡
ֻǣӵ
¥һӣµϯԴ˷ַһƬ򡭡
ǰ
һ¶ֺȻ
ǵãڰӪؿһĻеһˣȻ֣ͽӪǰԵóﻹЩ¡
ǹ̫Եˣ
ڣ¥ĳ֮䣬ٴᵽĿ¡
ӲˣҺս⣬Ƭ֮󣬾ī
ī񣬼Ȼ½ˣҲ뿪ˡͽˡ
¥һ˷ܵī񣬵˵
ģ
¥Ļīæͷĵ˷ܡ
Ͼ¥һοǰһδ鷳
¥£¡
ңѾѡ
ۼīӦ¥˵ͷ΢΢һЦǧúŬͻƵǸط϶ջ񡣡
¥Ļ˵ͷ
ţ¥˸뿪
￴¥Զȥֱ¥ıӰʧڳǰŻع
ǸصĵطӺˡ
ī񡣡
￴һԵīʵ֮ĵھŽ׶ξ󣬽Ǹصطʲôط˽𣿡
Ļī̲סһ㶣ҡҡͷҲ֪ûȥǸطԣ¥ȥǸطû˵𣿡
Ц˵һԶⲻ˽⡣
һ
ĻīȻѹֵô뿪˾ԭǸطһ񡭡ʱ¥ֻ˧ŬɣȻ֪¥Ϊô㣬Լԭ򡣡
˵ͷһ˫ӣᶨޱȡ
ӣīסͬʱʼ
֮Դ飬ҲʼīæŸ˧ʵҲڲϵ
Ҫ˧ҲҪһʱ䡣
ɼˣĽī񳹵׾
һǧȥͻƵ˧ī㾪°͡
ͻȻã¥ôȼ֮ֱǹ
ǧȥͻƵ˧

ī𵴣һе֣͸˳
ԴˣﲻΪ⣬ԴʱһαƺѾϰˡ
ǧȥͻƵ˾˧۷壡
ֻһ֮ң
ǧһֱڶͻƵīһԳڵĽҪĲҪ̫á
ѾľˣȣǼֱԼܡ
̬̫̬ˣ


659 ͻ

ķڴϣ˫ۣţ
ڣûһĸֻֻ˧ϣ˧ͻƣ
֣˾˧۷壬һԴ֮˼ޣȴǳٳٲͻơ
ȥīʡ
뿪˷䣬ҵīʳеɻ
īüͷһƣ˵᲻ͻƵ̫ˣҼǵҵ˧ʱ򣬲ûƽôѲ룡㵽ô£
Ҳ֪
ҡͷƬ̣ī˵īҪдһ£

īһ㶣µ˳Ĵ㣬Ҫоһ
ǡ
ͷΪ˸оһǷҵͻƵԣֱͻƣΪ
񣬾ǵھŽ׶ε֮ʣ²ǧꡣ
ӱŬ
ΪҲ֪ڵʵҪͨھŽ׶ε֮ʲô£ɽǸ֮أֻͻƵ磬ܸõһ̽
Ǹ֮أû˿͸ʲôûм֪
ǱʶܸоһĪͺǺǰǸ֮һ㡣
ԣӲи
ڽ֮֮ǰȡһʵﵽԼŬļޡ

ܿ죬īһ뿪˽˽֮⡣
˲սҪϤԣīҲֻǵԴ֮ų졭
ҲӭȥԾ˧۷ī񿹺⡣

Ӷ绯һӰУԴ֮һֱӭī
ݣ
һӳԴ֮ХȻڴīʱȴҲ޷䴩͸
Զ˧ܱȡ
ﲢû˶١ͣ֡
ĶԽԽ졣
ݣݣݣݣݣݣ

һХӶ£ī
ͬʱīҲʼչ˷һһ
һֱڹ۲īԴ֮ĳȻ֮䣬˫ƷζһСرīԴ֮ʱϢܾԼסʲôȴǲһЩ
ų˫֮УīϸֳһĨЦݣԼԴ֮
֪ջ񣬽һ״̬ʱĳܵţԣʼΪﻤκ˿
ʱ䣬Ȼš
һȥûж
ȥﻹûж

ֱһ¹ȥ˶

ﻹǱ˫ֶۣˣ΢Ĳ˲̧һԴ֮Яž˵Ϣ
䣡
ͻȻһ̧֣Դ֮йڲԶһ޴ɽʯϡ
ʱɽʯѣʯɽ
Դ֮ȴûκͣЪ˼ϵӿ
ڸʲô
īվһԣһɻ
ܿ죬īɫˡ
Ϊ֣߶Դ֮ͺ޾һ㣬йңûͣٵļ󡭡
֮֮£ֱţ

īųĿ⣬ױˡ
ܿ죬īٴɵۡ
ΪǲйԴ֮ͻȻ֮䣬һʱȻˣϢױˣͺǵõһ
Դ֮Īɱ䡣
񡭡
Դ֮ϴݶϢī񳹵סˡ
ʱ򣬳еԴֹ֮ͣй
ڳϣͻȻһϢеĳʶת䡣
īǰĳڸղŶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣһּɱ䣬ɱ䣬˧ͻƵɱ䡣
ڵĳѾ˧
Ҳ֪˶ã·һ״̬
ֱоһ궯Ϣʶй궯
عڵ궯ʧˣңʵԴ֮ƺҲת䡣
עصԺסˡ
֮УԴʧֻʣԴ屾塣
Դ屾ı棬˸һ㵭ֳɫóһۿ̲סһ󼤶
ʲô
ͻˣ
ͻˣ
һ
Ȼ֮䣬˫һľӹｩӲϣ¶һĨЦݡ
һۣͿǰĴ͵Ŀī񣬺ʵī񣬾ϴ붨˶ˣ
һ¡
īųĿ⼫ΪӣȻȥ׼ᳬԽ
ĵһ̣ۿＴҪԼܲζ
ȻֺܲζԼԡ
ҲΪˡ
һ£
˵ͷһʱĻ㲻Ͼã΢Щ
ЩһֱΪͻƵζգһͻƣͻȻоһᣬһѵĸоˡ
ܿ죬￴ī΢΢һЦīллˡ
֪
һǰīԾҲ˶õӶֱͻơ
ԣͻƣīкܴĹ͡
ĻīҡͷһЦͻƣΪԼŬģֻһӦġٶȣٹ꣬ͿԳˡ
˵īȻЦݣȴ˼į
ЦЦԺΣ㣬ī񣬶ҳѡ
ī˵ͷ仰͹ˡ
ȥȹһΪ
īһкͻطȥˡ
һʱ䣬֮ϣʣīһˣīҡͷһ̾Ŀ⼫Ϊӣ¥ʶһѡԺ󣬳ĳɾͣȻ˶Ϊ֮𾪣
ڳδīܿá
طԺ󣬾ͿʼΪ
ͬʱ
һʱԺ󣬳뿪ˣٴҵī񣬡īȥһЩε
ε
ĻīҡͷЦεɲ˵ġⶫںУҲмеĶ
ԣü
ε򲻵
Ҫܵõ
ʡ
ī񻺻˵ȥʮʤĽε

ﲢİС
һѯ֮£īе֪Ȼͺ࣬ǲĹ
磬һĻֻһ
ϾΪͬĴڣǼûκս
¥µָ棬õҲ˧εεôѵãҪԼȥȡá
һ
ͬʱī˵ԼĴ㡣
˵Ҫȥīüҡͷ˵УԲȥǸطǸطֱǵεĴڣжΪУ֪𣿡
īܼ֣һû


660 
֪īڹһůȴҡͷһЦ
İɡ
￴ī˵аա
аգ
īȴһĻɣڣͻƵһûá
ڵĳȥһֱ֣ȥŰҲڡ
Ȼһ֮޼һͻƵһĴڣһһͣĴһսߵʤ϶ߡ
ȻīǼֹҲͲסļֻ֣ܰŰɽ˹ȥ
ʲôģͺһģһ
óһȻɣģ¾İɣ
ȴǲ֪˵ǺǾ¸Сģ¾ġ
һоͬʱоųɱ𺮳֪Ҫֶٱ
֮ˣһǴŹߵġ
Ĺߣﻹб棬ֱϡ
ڵǼʲôģغ;ͬС죬ͬǣһȡʤ˿õԴ⣬ܻս

ĸεһʮʤԻһöε
ʮʤֿԵõһö
Դơ
аʤԵõʮöε
ī񣬲˵εмеôоôࣿ
̲סզࡣ
ĻīЦǾģһεڲֱˡԣ־ڳȻóε
ȻεʮʤĽʮʤȴǼΪκһΡ
ī˵
ͷǿ⣬Ͼͬε֮䣬һ㶼ƾУʱһ֮ͻᱻɱ
ȴǾΪ
Դ飬ûκεȤ
īڶߵһ⣬ߺޣҲǳҪϳĵط
аգ
īʵڣЩģڻȨģһǿɾֻ·ѡɱԷǱɱ
ҡͷһЦİɣ
һЦţĿ֮ϡ
ϣŹߵɱ
ˣǶ
Ϊ£һʱƾУһӺһҵᣬһɱ
һ䣡
ôˡ
һп
˵ز˶ٵļΪһ֪
ΪӵɫԴ츳ǧڳɾ
һĸǾʮ꣬ǰ۵ģ
ۣһɱеŬ
һ̾ǿɱ
ڳߵīǸӵĸͬܣһ˫ӣ¶һ˿˿Ĺ
Ҳûһս
Ϊʵ̫Σˣֱ
ܿ죬ּɱȥ˳ֵϳˡ
ڵĴţȻǡ¡
Ķ֣һ׳˶һȻߣһʮֵĺӡ
ǵһβˣĶ֣ȴѾȡ˶ʤġֻ͡Ҫһսʤ;ʤˣ
˵ݶ䣬һڡ
ʲô
˵ĻڹսīУīɫһ䡣
֣Ƕʤһ
ȡöʤһ󣬱ȻǼΪ򵥵Ĵڡ
ڣīȫ
ҾͲôǳʲô£θ¥
īԶĳһĿЦ
Ȼ֪ڵĶ֮ǰȡ˶ʤĿɱƽͺûܵκεӰ졣
ڳĶ֣һֱӳˡ
һɫǳ֮ڶԷͷ֮۳Σ֮Ӷ
ڳ͵ϣԴ֮۳һ޴ľ޴ųﵱͷ£ЯżΪµޱȡ
䣡
һ£Ϊ֮һų
ǷЦ⣬һ̧֣һȭֱҳ
񱩵һȭԴۣ֮еľ޴һ𡭡
ӲӲ
ûκεĻΣ
ǳֶΡ
䣡䣡䣡

ɲǼ䣬֮䣬һ̶
Χ۵һȺڣ׷׾Ͼ˶Ѫ֮սӲӲ֮ս

ͿˣŲмС㣬Ҳӭһ
֮䣬ûн
ǸֵЦ⣬ͷӴ󣬲ʵǿʤ˵ɡ
Դ֮ڲϵĺХԿ
ߣ
һСӣڣҾ֪ҵĺڡȥ
ͻ䣬Դ֮۵ľ޴ݺݵĶų£ȭͷѹ¡
壬Ҳѹú˼
Сӣ֪˰ɣ
Ц·Ѿʤ⡣
ͣ
ͣ

ʱһȺڣ׷׾
Щڣղ¶עʱ򣬼ԼԴѹ͵ϡ
ۿϾҪȡʤǵ϶¶Цݡ
ȻҲ˵ɫѿЩˣǽԴѹڳϵġ
һˣȻûעҲһĵĿųеĳ
ī
īɫΪѿڵӺˡ
˶ΪҪͻܡɱʱ
ӣټˡ
ͻأΧ۵һȺڶˣ˲һ㶡
²˰ɣ
ǣսϷ磬ѵܷΪʤ
Ц

ٵĹڣų
һ̣Щڵϵķ̾ˣ̡
찡
ǿʲô
䣡
УԭƵ¹ˣȭͷϵ˲䱬
ʱ͵ֱӱɣһԴ֮Ҳɢ
ݣ
һԴ֮۵棬Хת֮䣬ͽնɱ
ͣ

һأĿƽĿ͡
ղţһֱڵȴʱ
͵Դ֮һ٣׼Ƶʱ򣬳Ƿ·ԴԴϵԴ֮׾ٻͣɱ
ţԼһƿԴԴԴ֮ˣͬУ޵У
ȡʤ˵Ԥϡ
ˣҲƬ̣ŷӦ˹˲˼飬ǵˡ¡Զʤġ͡ʱ򣬲ֻûо壬ڹؼʱ̣Ϊʤ𺳣
£ʤ
ʱϯϣһź
£
£

еˣΪʤ߻
⣬߿֮ϣīǰһĻһһ㶵ģЩûܻع
ֱߣīŻعʵôģ·磬ڹؼʱ̣ȻһٽǸ͸ɵˡ


661 ռ
īһľ㵣õĳȻͻȻ˸˵ϮǸ͸ɵˡ
͵ʵղžͼʶˣһ֮ʱҲ˵սʤͣ
ȴֱӽɱˣ
Ӯʤ
īɻ󣬳ﵭһЦʱҲ֪ν͡
ѵ˵Դ֮ΪɫԴ츳Եʣڳ
ô˵һսīϾʶ˳ʵȻȻˣЩĳϾֻʤһ
ڶΣ֪
ĵڶ٣ٴνָɵԺīϵľ㵾þȥ
ʤ
ܿ죬ʼ
ٴȡʤ
ʤ
ϣǺܲսˡ
ڣĳʼʤ
ʤ
£
£

һڿųķ˷ܲѡ
ʤ
սīʶһ츳ʵļһ
ʱҲٵġ
ܿ죬ĵ峡١
˵߰ޱȣλʤ£ʤսһλһʤʤ֮䣬˭ǿأĿԴ
ʤʤ
һʱ䣬Ĺڣ඼˳ڵ֣ϾɲǾܿһĻ
һ
ʤ˺Ȼ
ʤȻʵ
ʤ
Ŀ⣬ԼĶϣĶ֣һеȵӣŹߣ͡
ܿ죬ͺսһ
ӵս飬﷢𺳣ƾżԴԴϵԴֱ֮ӽӺɱ
ʤ

ʱΧһڣһЩڹϯϵ˸վųڣĻš
£ڳΪе޵ս
ˣΪ»
Ҳû뵽ЩڵķӦô󣬲ڲȥʤʮʤĳ

īԳ˴Ĵָ
ĳ
ﵭһЦһ˫ӣ˸貵ĹĿģΪεԴ飬⡣
ڣߴγ
һΣĶһʤˡ
׾ɱ
󣬳ʤɹõ˾ʤս
ʤ
һ
սľ
֪һŵĶֻ˭һ˵ϵģȻҲೡɱʤһ
ī²
ʵ֤ī¶ˣʮĶ֣һʤˣ˴ߣһͷ׷һˡ
Сӣһɱ㣬ʶʤ
ɳƵĶĤóüͷһĲá
ǾͿûˡ
Ŀƽޱȣ˵
ߣ
˵ͺһͬʱ˶ˣ绯һ磬ֱӳڡ
嫵Դ֮ϯ·Ҫֱӽɱ
ˣǷһĨ⣬ӶֱӮȥԴ֮֮ӿһȫ
֮䣬ϣ
ϵĻҳɢϯ
䣡
ǿԴ֮ݺݵײһ𣬷һ죬µˣͺһ㣬ɢÿһЩۺɨòͣЪ
˷Ӧʱ򣬾ͷϵˣһ
ûн̫á
ΪһµĹˣϵԴ֮˲ӿѹ˶ֵµԴ֮绯˾޵ѪڣֱӽԷû

һɲǣֳһƬš
£ʤʮʤ
˵ʱ𣬼żּ
ʤˣʮʤ
찡˼飬һεĴʮʤƺҪ׷ݵǧǰ˰ɣ
ǰεĴڣͬΪĴڣƾУʤ˵ǵúֻܿʵˡµʲôˣȻ˿µֶΡ
ʮʤһ˾ȣ

һȺΪʮʤĵ
ˣΪעѹ˳ϣʤҲζǿõԴ顣
ڳȥȡʮʤĽȥˡ
Դ飬Լε
ķ֮Уﱻ쵽Ĵԭء
Ƭ֮󣬷еһһӰƾճڳǰ
Ȼƾճ֣ٶȿ쵽óԲ׽ĵز
һˡ
һˣϡһ˫ӣȴǾ񣬷·ܶһС
ʱ˿̣˵Ŀڳϣóһεĸо
㡭ܲ
ڣ˻Ŀ˵
ǰ
΢΢ͷҵ

ͻȻ￴̧֮䣬һöı棬˸ɫĹεӦõġ
˽æüżּ
ллǰ
æл
ȥɣ
һǧ֮
˵ͷûоֱȥ
ڳȥûãüͷһƣСһƺϴκ¥һģӦ̽̽ĵϸҲǸطջɡ
֮У˵֮䣬˸һƾ⡣
뿪Ժ󣬾ȥīһ뿪
ڣīĿ⣬Ľʺޣڵõεþ׾ٳˡ
ī˵̾˿
ﵭһЦ
صīסڵĽԺ󣬳صԼķ䣬ֱӷεʼ
ԸоڵԴ֮ڲϵ׳
ʱۣ׾Թ϶
ǵھŽ׶ε֮ڶ
ǧʱ䣬ֹȥˡ
ǧֵһǣԴӷµһöεԺ󣬾;ǻˡʤҫ
̶̵ʮ꣬ͻ˰ʤҫõε
ڽȱ
ڣ˼ī
ʤĽֻһʮö
ټǰʮʤʮʤȵȡõмѾ˺Ȼĵز
ǧҪӦĳʵҲ𽥵ķ˱仯츲صı仯
īҲͻƵ
īǵھŽ׶ε֮վͿʼ
ī֪ͨЩȡ
īͷһЦǰվͿʼڵʵҪͨھŽ׶ε֮ʲô¡ҪģǺúΪһͨھŽ׶ε֮ҪȥǸطˡ
ڣīԴ̬ȣָǰͬ
ڵĳʵѾ
š
˵ͷʾף˫һʵīǸطӦòھɣ
Ǹصĵط⼸ǧûһ˿һ˽⡣
Ȼڡ
ī˵ȻûȥǸط˵Ǹطƺʲôռ䡭


662 ֮
ռ䣿
īĻ̲ססˡ
ī⻰˵ǸصĵطԴС
һ˼׼
īһ˷䡣
ڶһ磬ٴκīϣǰǽеھŽ׶֮ĵط
ī񲢼УӶһֱȥ
·ϣԿƽԭҲһЩվɽ壬󣬳īһƬɽȺЩɽǻɽϵҽͺ貵ĳɫһ㣬Ŀѣԡ
ڻɽһƬĳأһһռعĽȺ
ھŽ׶ε֮С
īǰĳأԳ˵
˵ͷĿǰĳϣֻоʮޱȵĶƽضڶΧϿգŲˣЩˣԶֵġ
ȻҲһЩھŽ׶֮ġ
ȥǱߵǼǣ
īĴ£˲ԶĽȺŵ¥ƣ˵Ǽǣȡһöơ
ƺ룬ǡʮ
ʮİţ
˻ͦġ
￴һĺƣЦЦ
Ȼ
ī˵ͷ˵Ҳ룬Ҳ˵һ·ˣǺÿһˣһ꣬ͻ˰ˡټټˣ͸ˡ
īĻΪȻ
գھŽ׶֮ģнˡ
ܿ죬ԽԽ࣬һˣӶھʮ֮ϵ֮С
գھŽ׶ε֮ʼǾĵǼǣھŽ׶֮ģһаǧŰʮһˣ
˵Ĵ
һ
ôˣ
Ȼ׼ﻹǱ΢΢𺳵ˡ
ţ˾Ϳʼء
صûʲôʵģ޷ǾǷּ飬лս¾Űپʮˡ
ܿ죬ڵĽǧˣֱ˾ʮ֮ϣÿһޣֻʮˡ
Ⱥ֮У̤һޡ
ʼ
ʼ޶е϶֮ϣʼս
뿪ޣ䡣
ûʵҪֻ֣·һ
ڵĶޣнˣܿ˻ս
ģҲˣЩ˵УʵȽǿҲһңࡣ
ڵĶޣһֻˡ
ˣһӱܡ
һһۣƺ໥õĬûн֣ӥ׽Сһȥ
һʱ䣬ΪȽ˧ҪҪߵһʱ䣬Ƕʹ˻ֻϣԼһֵ֮д
ֻǲվǻýǸ֮صĻᡣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

һ֮һ˧˶ޣЩӵģֱӱԶ˶֮ϡ
ֻҪǱǶϵˣһ⡣
ȻҲǾĿǰΪֹ
վȺ֮ż͵Ϯһֱ̧Ӻ˳ȥ
ڣ￴һһĿ
һϣԴ֮ƺ׼Գ֡
һĻǷһĨС̤ǰһԴ֮Ű
һɫǳ֮ͷ֮۳Ρ
Ϊʵڣ뽫ԼĵȫʹóΪȫûбҪ
һһ
Щ̲סСУһЩﶪȥ˧ԭЩģ񿴵չֳһΪһ׷ˡ
ǸһﾹȻҲεĴڣϵԴ֮һų˵ͷ˶ȥ
Ȼͳôϡ
ͬΪһûʮİҽ̭ɱ
ҲĬĺϣܿ콫һȺ˧ȥֻʣ߸˧
ʱվԭأûٶ
Ҵ߸˧ϸµЦݣҺáҺûйҡ
ÿһ˧뷨֮Уż¡
ڣʮ֮ϣֻʣ˵ʮˡ
ܺã
ʱֵھŽ׶֮ˣٴοڣڣÿ̨ϣʣˡˣ̭
ʼ
ڵĶϣ˵ͷĬ
ڸղŻ߸˧һɬ˶ޡ
ûκεʤ㡣
ϵҲ࣬ȻҲһЩϵˣչһɱֻʣˡ
ڣÿ̨ϵˣʣһˣ
˵żֵȻ
˻һ䣬ԭزͳͬһ޵ȴæӺˣĴŶԷų
Ŀƽޱȡ
ʣһˣ
ô˵ҪΨнǰ˸ɵǶ¶ޡ
ڳﻹڳɵʱһۣƺʲôĬֱ
һĻóɫһ
ˣȻҪ̭
ಣಣ
һҲûϻֱӳڡ
ϣԴ֮Хѹɱ
֮ݣóҲ̲סһ˿⡣
Ϊ־̭ң
ǷһĨЦݶżĮ
һûڶֻΪڹŪ顭

ʱͷ֮ϣȻɫǳ֮
һ̣һɫűˡ
һ٣ٳ壬ڣǵǰӣֱ͸ˮûʲôԴе
ֻǣǸղűϾȫٶУһ٣µĹԻǴ
䣡
Ҳ䣡
һ˾֡
䣿
ǷЦղţҪɱ·ڣۿʵǿǾ䣿
Źǣ

ݣ
ڳϣԴ֮Ӷһ
Ӷϯһں߾ֵĿ֮£ǵڡ
ɲǼ䣬ｫһɱ
Ҳ˾ʮ֮ϣһֵһ֮ˡ

һɲǣΧ۵ˣĿⶼ̲ס˳ϡ
գڶ֮ϵԴʵǿģҲͶѡ
ĿǰΪֹǵ
˵ע
īվ֮ϣǰһĻ⣬֪ԳڵʵҪͨھŽ׶ε֮ټ򵥲
϶ԻȥǸ֮صʸ
Գ츳ͻԵһԤУһȥǸطңеˣΪ֮𾪣
īͻȻһͷ
վڶϣ֮£ۿ֮ϵһֽʣ¾ʮˡȴ֪ǾʮǰǸطҪһֵľٵǰǸط
һ˿˿ɻͲ⣬Щڴ


663 ʸ
ʮ֮ϣվһˡ
ʣµˣҪôǱ̭ҪôǱֱɱ
վڶ֮ϣ˵ڣ֪һǷҪѡΡ
ʮˣҲˣһ档
ڣĿ֮£˿ˣƽȴһ˿˿ڻվڶϵţϲǡǣõ˽롮ã硯֤ͨ
˵崺硣
ã磿
ĿһǸνĲã磬Ǹصĵطˡ
ݣݣݣݣݣ

ʱʮŵ⣬߷£˰ڵľʮŸ֮ͨˡ
̧֣ס˷ӶµĶ
ȴ֣⾹Ȼһöļʸ
ʸͨɽƳɣҲ֪ʲôΪء
ڣǿԵѪպġ·ǵ֮أú׼
ʱ˵
Ѫ
һ㶣ʱԿ˶ڼʸϵѪ䣬Ҳѧһʱ䣬ֻоʸϴһѪĸоָоΪ
˾ȡ

뿪Ժ󣬳һصīߡ
īЦϲ
ڳͨھŽ׶ε֮īһ㶼⣬ʵ
ֻ֪ǸղţҲûþȫ
򣬳ʵֻǶô򵥡

īһӶضȥ
˭֪ڰ·ϣȴǱ¡
һˣһŤһ˫۵ˡ
ˣīɫһ䣬ʯϣ
ī񡣡
˿īЦЦֻǣªЦñȿ޻ҪѿīĿżֱ
ʯϣ£
īʵ
Ҳ㣬
ҡҡͷ˵Ŀ⣬īߵĳϡ
üʶˣʲô
㣬·ҡ
˿˵ƽȴӹɵ
·
Ȼԭ˵ĿΪ˸ղõļʸҲǲã֤ͨ˵ͼıС
ֻǣǳò׵ģô׾ͳȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ʯ𣿱Ǹⶫûתøκˡʯ㣡
ƽޱȣû
Ļɫһ㣬ȷ
ȷ
ﵭĿһۣһƽͺǸû˸ղŵҪһ㡣
˵ϣʼһɭȻϢ
ǷŭϢ
˵ϣԴ֮Ӷ͸¶µϢ
֮ϣߵɫǳ֮۳Σչֳ˵һΪ
ˣһ

ڵĳԣĪв٣ڵĳûа취Ӧ
ʯϣ
ۿƺҪԳﶯ֣īɫһ䣬ʯϣӦ֪·ԼԸӴ׷ɱǿ·
Ȼī·Ĺ֪֮ꡣ
ī˵ЩҲ֪
Цһ̧֣Դ֮Ӷֱӳ
䣡
һֱӱ˺˳ȥɲǼ䣬ֻоһ󶯲˳ֵΪ׼
ûɱҲûжвȴоΪʹ
Ҳɱ㣬ȴ㣡
˿Ŀ䣬ЦҪ·ǿ㡭㣬Ȼϣ
ţٴζԳ֣һδóɳ
󣬳ϢЩήŴˣһ˫ӣ¶һ˿˿⡣
ô
һɨ˳һۣһȥ˲ã磬ҲδܵõʲôңõʲôΪʤңң׾پѹ㣡
ŵĻóɫ
ߣ
һǷһĨ⡣
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ̧֣Դֱ֮վһԣɫѿīȥֱӽī˳ȥˣ
ʱ˲ȥѰһĿꡣ
īû°ɣ
һղţҺýӽ˵Ĺڵ¶֮ˡ
һīߣеʵ
īҡҡͷģû¡û뵽Ǹϼһôݣֻ㣬ҪҡǸǸϼһʵ̫ǿˣҰﲻ㡣
˵īһǸ⡣
ղţųﱻǸϼһŰﲻæΡ
ҡҡͷһĲΪ⣬˵ʲôأʱҪңҲﲻʲôǸϼһʵ̫ǿˡգܼһ㲻ˡ
˵Ŀ𽥵ıīʵī񣬸ղǸϼһʯϣǾϵĳϣ
īЦһǼǵĳ϶ѣûʲôʵȨգҲʵ㣬򣬾ɱΣ
˵īҲЩԹԼʵ
Ǹϼһǰʵ
İɣǵģһһ
˫һ˵
ѾղŵǸϼһ˺
һʵʤǸϼһǸϼһɥȪ֮ʱ
㡣
ī˵ͷڳ츳ʵΡ
ţ꣬ܳǸϼһӵɱϼһʵڣҶЩڴˡ룬պǸϼһǼʶ᲻ڽյΪأ
Ҳڴ
ǷһĨЦ⣬кȻ궯ޱȵ
ʲô֣
￴īʡ
ʯƣ
ī񻺻˵
ʯƣ
һļĳˣԴ󣬵һֱɱĳˡ
īȥԺ󣬲ûǾպĵ
պ
ȡ··ֱָһ򣬾ͺųȥ
ȥ
̤նͬʱīҲ
˵ͷһ·ָʾ£߶ȥһ·ɽ룬һƬɽһƬã֮ϡ
ʱ򣬳·ֹͣ·
ʲôط
վ֮УһͻȻʶƬ֮ϣƺʲôĲ
ʱ򣬳ĿɨΧķ֣ΧˣȺ
ЩˣҲһ·ָʾ¹ġ
Ȼǰõã֮ˡ
ܿ죬￴һˣɫһ
ʯƣ
ʱīҲԶˣɫ΢䡣
ʯһӲ
˭
Ŀӵϣ·ʯ˵Ц
֪
īҡҡͷüѵʯƾǿ·Ϊ˸ˣ
Ӧǡ
˵ͷʯû·ȴ˵·Ҳ֪˭ôù


664 ã
ڳīڿʯƵʱʯҲˣɫһĿ΢䡣
ǷЦмɨʯһۡ
ʯɫһһҪ
ֻǣ֮ʱһӰƾճֵ֣ھŽ׶֮˵ˡ
һ֣͵Ŀڣյõ·ľǾˣˣ뿪
˻䣬ΧһȺ˾ɢȥˡ
ͣ
īһкԺҲ뿪ˡ
˵ͷĿ𽥵ļ
ܿ죬ڳ֮ˣ⣬ڣֻʣ¾ʮˡ
ţ
ͻȻƺʲôɫһĿһ˵ϣȵ·Լġ
һȣڳ˵Ŀ⣬˶˱˵֮ˡ
һӡ

ӣǷһĨЦӣǺʯһġ
Ȼ˿·Լġ
ֵĺʣЩš
Զվһˣʯƣ
ʯƵɫҲЩѿӶӵߣ˵糤ϣ·һøģҿ֤˽ø
ʯҲû뵽һεĲãʸôϽ
õ·ᱻ
ã
ʯƵĻĿ΢䣬ͺһǲǾʮ˶ãͿԻʮŸ˽ã磿˭ǿԼŬõʸ񣬿ȡʸʲô
ʲô
˵ĻʯƲҷæ˵糤ϣʹ뿪
ˣ
ʯ׼뿪ʱ˵Ŀˣƽκθ顣
ʯƼˣĿһлл糤ϣ
ȻΪ糤ԸӴˣȡʸ񣬽ã硣
ֻʯƣڳĴˣôΪ
ߣ
һֱڿˣ˿ڵͬʱһŵɱ⣬Ƿһ˿Ц⣬֪Ҫùˡ
лҸʲô
һʯЩµͬʱֲ̧֣Դ֮ӿ
ɲǼ䣬˵ͷ֮ϣһɫǳ֮
䣡
˵ѹʯߵӣҽУͳ׻Ϊ˻ҽ
һĻڳ˶
һʣ
￴ˣϳ˾ȣû뵽˵ʵô¡
ʯҲجˡ

ֱ˿ʯƣһʯƲǱ뿪ɫҰףκεĳɡ
ɣ뿪ȴľ·һ
Ըоʱ˿̣˳ŭˡ
ŭ֮У̺һ˿˿ɱ⡣
Ȼɱ⣡

ʯһֱ뿪һ̶ͣ
ʹ졣
ʱĶߣīĴ
ﵭһ£صʲôʹģкԩ޳𡭡ϧǣʯƾȻû¡
ǰϧ
īӦһ
ܿ죬˵Ŀ⣬ڳȾʮ˵ϣ˵ǼҪã硭ã磬꿪һΣ涺ʱ䣬ǧ꣡ǧԺ󣬲ãὫǴͻ
ǧʱ䣬ϣҵԵĻԵ
˻һ䣬гһ澵ӣһֵľӡ
ӿƹӣƽ޹⡣
Ȼ֮䡣
ͣ
һ绯˲ƣһǿƥɢ֮Уӿ
ɲ֮䣬𵴣һ㲨ɢ
֮ܿͽȾʮڡ
ɲǼ䣬ֻоԼһĪͬʱĸоΧһУƺʧ绯˲һ㣬֧顣
žžžžž

ͺ̼䳹׷ˡ
ͬʱԸоԼһůһֻصĸ̥ĸо
ָо
Ҳ֪˶ãֱǵıξѡ
ʱŷ֣ԼͻȻһطһֵĵط
ط۾һƬã
ڵĳ֮УǰһУоôİ
ʲôطѵʲôã磿
ﰵͬʱһĴѰ
ʱš
һȥһǰռ䣬ԣͺһԹԶ߲ȥ
Ҳƣռ֮ڡ
󣬳ɴε
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һ飬ѹȴǷԶһ죬óĿһˣ
⼸ûãֻһˣεúܡ
ڳˣ̲סĿһ
ಣ
һֱ֮
֮󣬳ĿԶڼս
֮ϣɫǳ֮貴ۡ
һ
ôˣ
Щɻ󣬲֪ʲôطӦȡԵǵãֱӸˡ
Ƕȿģ
ͻȻһһͻȻһг˷ŭ
ߣ㲻ǻûȡô˭ʵȻ˭ġϻôʲô
һһһ˼ɱ
˵Ļ˶УóĿⶸȻһб
￴ĽӽĴ۲
ɱһԿ϶ԲǺһľʮеˣӦˡ
ϾãĿƺֻоһ˽롣
˵˽ˡ
һ򵽵ھˣС
ǡ
첻ˣڳ￿ԺڷһĶ
һöӨ͸֮УΧƣһ֪򵥡
һöûκεɫԣȫͬ
ʲô
Щȣ֣öһξ룬ȻڵԴ֮ȴΪöͺöżħһ㡣
Ǻö
ЦˣЦòãöǵȫѹ
һۻڲԶɱˣһöһ̧֣ͽץ
һֱ̣ӽսָ֮С
ĶȻ󣬵ɱһȴʱ̹۲ߡ
ͻȻ֣Ҳ˵һʱ䷢֡
ǿץסȡԺɫ׷״䣬û뵽벶ȸں
ڣһȸ
˶һۣһ£ֱͣ֡
ɱټᣡ
ã
ͣԺĿĮųڡ
ǵһ˵ˣǵĹߡ
˵Ķﻹ֪ǵĴ㣬һЦҲû⡭

һɲǼ䣬ͷ֮ϣƾճɫǳ֮
һΪչ˳

ͷ֮ϵǳ֮ɫȻ䣬һ
˵У¶һ˿˿ɵĹ󣬶ܶԸģҲС


665 İ
չֳΪ󣬳ﵭĿһۣЦλлˡ
һĻɫǺ죬ȴƫƫҶ˵ʲô
ʲôЦ
ǰ˵˶ԷһԷǳ֣ʮ
ǽã磬ҲΪ˻Եġ
ԣȻߣȴҲֻĿų뿪
ƺ
̲סһЦѾ֮һʱˡöҵԴ֮ȴ֪ʲôá
һȡ˸ղսָ
ֱӷ¡
ɲǼ䣬͸оһº͵Լڡ
ҩû꣬ȴ˿ԸоԼһΪ·˲ʹﵽٽ㣬ֻһ㣬ͻˣ
һΪ˷ܡ
ĿһЩڴ

һʼŬѰϣԼҵһöӶͻơ
ಣ
һ绯磬ֱԶ
Դ֮绯һ磬ǰ
ڣһº󣬳ٴˡ
ԶһӣĴţ󣬺ȷˣֱԾ֮УʧС
һĻסˣʲô
һӶȥڸղǸʧĵطտʼûзʲôԣɵʱȴǿ֮УȻڴĶ
⴫ͨδ
üЩ֪ԴĴ޶λأ
￼һ£ѡȥ
һֱûС
ɲǼ䣬͸оԼ͵ָоԴãʱĸоࡣ
ҪصԴɣ
ﰵƺһǧʱ䡣
ڳﻹ˼ʱоԼ뿪ǹİعԼѾһƬ֮С
һߡ
۵һУǺ
ʲôط
ɻڸ֪ʲôطİĻһѹ֡
ǰţ˰£ڿ̡
ԶһСǣһСǣ˳һеĸо
ԴһĮ
ŮһУ͸Դڵһ
ԴУŮԼ٣ٳﵽԴô꣬ûмŮԡ
Ůȴ洦ɼ
ԣ
ͻȻһ⣬ǾطˣƺûʲôΪǿˣֻеǬ½侳ôǿ
ﵽʲôط
Ȼˣȴһ˿ȷھԲԼԴڵλ֮С
ңԴλ棬ճǲܽġ
ʲôط
һڳ£˽ȥ
ѾڱһƬɽˮ续ƽԭСԺ󣬿ԿϢĳ·ϵ˺ܶ࣬ǵҲܶࡣ
ﵽʲôط
ٴ̲ס
㣬ҪߣǲҪǮˡ
ͻȻĶߣһ
ŷ֣ԶһںһӵһСŮСŮ£磬ҲҪȥ˵ͯϱҲҪ
ſãſã
һץסӡ

һһӳ磬ϣ߷˳ȥ
䣡
ȻأȻ֮ȴǼǿվӣҪá
ҵǮҪѭҵĹأ
һһ߳
һţΪͣԶղŵһţһ֪꣬һ
üһֱӳˡ
ಣ
Ӷ绯һ磬һ̣ͳԶһ꣬һֱСŮ
СŮͻȻﱧסŵֹͣ˿
ȴһ˫ӣ󵨵Ķų
Զֻоһ紵СŮֱʧˣɫ䣬Ȼʦ
ֻǴʦôµʵ
УʦֻһˣǾǳˡ

ﵭɨһۣͺȵ
ԣҧҧȴûֱ뿪˵ʦˣСŮǳΪԼĶҵͯϱһ֣²ý

ӵĻͺһмҹʲôֻ֪˽ǾȶˡǸǲˣҡ
˵꣬ﲻӣСֵܣʲôǺȱǮ
Ŀ⣬Ľϣʵ
˵ͷһĸˣúء
ȥɡ
˵ͷֿһۻСŮȴСŮһ˫۾ڿһ㶼
ʲô֣
￴СŮ΢ЦʵཱུСŮҲͦϲġ
ҽаš
СŮ죬˵
ţ
˵ͷϸ΢Ц
ڴ·꣬ܿҲ֪֣֡
С㲻ϴĴ£СƫƧһŵСéݡ
Сé棬һˣ˿Щ࣬ʮˡ
ȿȡ
˵ĿСéݵͬʱ֮Ȼת֮䣬ͶԸ˲˽⡣
ֻ˷磬ټϸȾ
Գԣʲô¡
ĸף
СŮԺ󣬾͵˸˵ߡ
Ҳ˹ȥԸ˵ĸףλ˵ῴ㿴ɡ
˵ţ꿴¶һ˿
ﲻҪղŵ¸ĸףĸơ
С¶ѡ
ﵭһЦһ̧֣Դ֮ɢ֮ڸ˵ϣת֮䣬ͽڵ˷ˣȾĲ֡
˲԰׵ɫܿͻָ˺󣬾ͺࡣ
СŮˣĸףˣ
ĸףˣ
ŮСŮһ˷ܣ˼˵
Ҹоƺȫˡ
չһֽţһ澵һ£һڵģʱסˡ
ڵƺȬˣ
κγɣ˿ֱӹڵأлˣлˡ
СŮԼĸ׶æŹ
ÿС¶ѡ
ҡҡͷһ̧֣ǰĸȫһЦ
˱𣬶һ𾪡
꿴һĳݣ磬ǳҲδǿǶǴʦǼǴʦ
Ļһ㶣ʦ
뵽ղǸƺҲΪʲôʦʱЦʣ֣ߴ磬ʲôطУʲôʦʲô
磬㲻֪ʲôط֪ʦ
Ļסˡ


666 ǿٳ
ҡҡͷ
ܿ죬ĿУʶһǰڵġǬ½Ĵڡ
ֻǣˣߡ
Ƕߡ
Ƕߵ
ֱǵ͵ȷλ桭ѵ˭Դλ棿
ﳹסˣԼƺĳ˵Դ֮ڡ
ֻǣ˵ԼԴ壬ƺܽԴİɣ
ף⼸ɣ޷ıתʵ
ֻǣڵνͣ
벻ͨ
磬ΪӰɣһúʧġ
ֿһ棬һ˫鶯ӣڴ
Ŀ⣬ĲԸܾȷʵûʲôý̵ģ֮ڣʱԶһ֪
⶷ƺȫƬؼ
ܿͷһ㣬һ̧֮䣬Դ֮ӿ֮еض֡
һɲǣзԲʮ֮ڵض֡
̶
Ȼ֮䣬Բʮضֱһա
ʱк䶯ˡ
Ҹоضˣ
ô£ڤ˼գضںͻȻʧһ
ض

Ķߣ䶯ˣҲ֪ضֱ֮ʧΪһʵΪµĴڣȡһض
񣬳ｫض󣬾͹˰ֵڡ
տʼְֵСղôضܿͷ֣ضڰڴﵽһ̶Ⱥ󣬾ȻԴѹɱ䡣
һҲͲˡ
ٴγ֣Բضȫȡ˰ֵڡ
󣬸оֵʵѾǿһЩֹͣ˹ע
ƺʣ°˳֮ࡣ
ֳȡĳɣСŮ͸˵ڣСŮ͸˵ʵһͻƵͰ൱ĵز
ʣµضɢϯԪ
ֻǣʱڣԲضȴϡࡣ
С֮вʵĶߣһ㡣
ҵ
ܿ죬緢Լʵɱ䣬һȭҳƣХֱӽСéݵǽڴ򴩡
һĻ÷˺ͰŶסˡ

㵸Ȼʱһڰŵϯ˲佫Сéը˷档
һĻ÷˺Ͱֶɵˡ
ҡͷһЦһվڷд͵ĸˣһ˲䵽һݻĸ֮ۡڣһװϤĵط
õĸۡ
²⣬Ӧǳ
ĵطȡĵط
һЩԺ󣬳صĸ˵ߣʱĿ˲ŷӦ
˿ڣ֮ɨ˵ԺУ˲
磬ȫΪǿߡ
һйԺ󣬳һ
ǰĸˣʵ˷츲صı仯

ЦŸߺһڿն
һĻҲѧ
ǸˣҲһ𺳣ʦڵʵȻǴʦ
ĸף˵ˣҲǴʦء
СŮ
꿴һĳݣ磬Ǵ˵е飿
飿
һ㶡
һͷ˵ǰڶ֮ϵĴڡ˵ڴСֻС硣
磿
Ļ˼
ѵطԴڵλһҲΪλ棿
ǵ͵ȷλ棿
ڳ׼˺գѰʲôʱ
ԶһݻܿͳСǵһƫƧ֮ء
ǳ
ֿɫһߵǣۿĸûǮβҪøǵүͯϱ˭֪ǸүǸϣ
üǰǳˣȷʵҪŴߡ
ǣǣ
ŵСͮͮģСȭͷ
óһգһСħŮ
ڣһǰͣ£һӣӵߣˣʵ
Ժ󣬿һ˫㣬ҵ˴СŮ
ûӣ֣΢Цʵ֣Ժʲô㡣
ĻĿתٺһЦ൱

ֵ־򣬳̲סһЦΪʲôҪ
ΪȨֻܴҪҵ˳ҿ϶СǵоϺ
˵һļмСȡ
Ȼڵ뷨棬Ҳ֪һ˵زѾܲˡ
΢΢һЦǺġ
ߣ
ۼɫһȵСӣ֪˭ԭǵĳڣڽСıҵλ𣿡
֮䣬ŭ⡣
ü
С
ܿ죬ֿ˰֣Ҹ㣬ҿãҵĶϱĸ֡Ȼ㲻ϣܺãҾԽûس
Ҳøߵġ
ŭˣ϶֮
ǿɲ㡣
Ц

Цˣ죬ſ϶ҪȥģڣҲȥ
ĻЦһСûʸ
С
ҡҡͷ˵ˣӦóƺΪţ³
³
Ļ̲סһ㶡
ʱ￴֣΢΢һЦ֣ѵһ١֪Ժԭǣ˭ϴ󣡡
ͰͲסˣĻʱ˷ܲѡ
ӣҲǱԭڵĳĻ˰һۣ̲ססˡ
һûëɣ
һδɵСһ֣
ֻǣܿ죬ɫͱˣΪδɵСӣȻ̤ն֮С

ʱˣɫ䡣
ֻдʦεǿ߲Ķ
ܣ
Ӳϵҡͷ˲۾ΪԼۻˣһ۷һǣ
䣡
ֻǣܿ죬һȭҷɣ缸Ѫʶһжģңֵʵľս
Ǵʦܣ
ֻʮ꣬ǴʦѾˡ
ڣ겻ֻչֳ˴ʦչֳǴʦһȻһĲš
Ǳƽ
ôôǿʵ
ûӦֱһȭҷ˳ȥͺɳһ
ҪǴʦʵ̫ǿˣԶһǴʦܱȣת֮䣬ͱñס
ӴˣվһԿɵˣǰһĻһĻš
˫Ǧһ㣬ƶֺ


667 飿
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ÿһγ֣ԭǵĳ˳ȥú޻֮
ֱóһϢֲ֣ͣϾһ꣬ɱûǸӡ

˷ܵĴУһ߻ƣһ̤ն
һĻԶվŵˣŵû˹ȥ
Ǵʦ÷Ҳˡ
СŮƺʮ궼ɣҲǴʦ
һʱ䣬ֻԼ⼸ʮǻȥˣС޶硣
ڵϵıԭǳСṲ̊ն𣬲һھͻȥܡܡ
ǰģֱ񼣡

￴ڵϵıԭǳ˵ӽ㣬ǳǰ֣Ժúø֡
һ˵ţһ߿վһԣľˡ
ԣľګĵͷʦ𺳡
رһʵŰǸûѡ
ߣ
˭֪ڵϵǸԭǳȴһЩм
㲻
ﵭĿڵϵıԭǳӦ˵ǰһۣ˵
ԭǳĸ棬Ҫͨʵ۱µּģΪǻʵ۱£
ʵۣ
ԭǳĻǷЦ
ʶɨܿͽλڣ˱ԭǷΧڵǸСʳǣҵ˻ʹ
һ̧֣̼䣬ΧһȺˣʧԭء
ٴγֵʱѾһ֮С
ƽһü䲻ŭӣڸ̨ϷۣһûС
ʲôط
źǰһС
˭
ŭӱһԶĳһȺʱסˣŮȥˣ
˵ţߵ
ֻϧһУķӵ˺ƺҲûá
ҵĻʵۣԭǣĹϽΧ
ﵭɨһۣʵ
ʲôˣ
ü˸ǰȻһŭ
˭Ҫ
ﵭ˵
££
ʱſڵϣһϢıԭǳȳ
Ǻˣ
ʵۿڵϵıԭǳʵ
£Ǳԭǳǰ㵽ԭӲ죬գ㻹һذס
ԭǳһ˵ţһȡһذס
ذףʵĿһ㣬ҼǵãǱԭǳô
£ңһҪѹ
ԭǳָȵ
ԶվŵˣһЦǰǲǱǸγˣǿĴڣܾͶ֮佫ǴӼ֮ıԭǴʳǣһǻʹǿĴڡ
ѹ
ԭǳĻɫ䣬ȵ
ֻϧû
ѹ
Цˣһ߳ԭǳ߷˳ȥȻһײǽϣ˹ȥ
ʵ𣿡
￴ʵۣʵһȻĿų㡭
Ժ󣬱ԭǵĳ
￴˻ʵһۣ˵
ʵԣסˣԭǳεҪôܡУǳԺǱԭǳ
ʵ۱˵ʲôǵʱɫ䣬æĿڡ
ͷΪʵ۵Ĵڣվһߵİ֣֣÷ʵ۵л

ʵۻڷ£ܿɵˣǸصӶΪԭǳ꣬Ȼն
ʦ
ʵ۳ɵˣôĴʦ
˵ЧǷЩǵ۹ƺҲڰɣ
лʵ۱¡
ģ˵Ｄޱȣû뵽Լʵ۵һ죬һΪ˱ԭǵ³
һ󼤶
Ǵʦ
ﵭĿ˻ʵһֿۣźһĸˣλ³úĸףҲǴʦ
ʵľˡ
Ǵʦ
ⲻ۵һڣ
ˣ֣һóţˣԺʱ䣬ٻǡ
ۼŰһڰ˰֣ɲǼ䣬ʧԭء
ͻȻʧŵûʵɫףȥˣ
£
ʱվǰһһ
ʲôˣ
ʵüʡ
£ǱԭǳĹ
̾˿˵
ʵüǱԭǵ׷ʲô£ղλʲôˣУǱԭǾȻλǴʦ
£Ҳ֪ô¡
һЦԼ˵˳
˵ʲô
˭֪ʵ֪ȥɫ䣬Ȼվ
ղ֪һǴʦҲûôʧ̬˵Ǹӣֻһ̧֣ͽǴӼıԭǴ
ǡ
ޱȿ϶ĵͷ
顭齵ˣ
ʵĿ̲סˬʵЦ
飿
֡źǵĸףʵ۵ĻΪȻһ㶼֡
飬ĸף˵᲻ǣ
ŬŷཱུС죬ĸס
Ȼᡣ
ŵĸЦЦȴŵʱ򣬰ѾˣǸ˶
ĸ׵ĻǺһЦգһ˫ˮĴ۾˵Ҫ󣬰ԺҪ޸硭
ʱ˿̣˭ҲûнСŮĻϡ
ֱԺСŮΪվ½۷ǿߣһδޡ
ΪͿһ˵Ӱ
뿪ǸʹԺֱȥ͵ȷλͨǸߵλͨ
ǰڵǬ½ġƵĶ
ֻϧûֻͨһһͨߵλĴ
ԭԳڵʵ˺գ͵ɵǸߵλ档
ֻϧ֪ߵλľΪֹҪǸطѾԺˣԣѡɴֱ࣬ӵһ취
ֱӴ͡
⣬һͷϣɹ̫
һվɽķۡ

ͷȴƺûκβ
￴һۣ˵󡣡
һ飬عȻĿųʲôˣ
ô࣬󡣡
ﵭ˵
ǣǣˡ
ܵɢĿϢһæӦͷֱȥ˴
ֱӹȥ̤봫ʧ
Ƭ½ʲôʱһλǿߣ
˵һЩ¡
񣬳ֻоǰһԼͳһڱӪĵط
ġ
ܿ죬ʿƽĿһۣСӣ
һʿҲǵɨ˳һۣûµλ˷


668 
ﵭɨһۣûᣬֱն
ʿĶһۣӶԷпЦ⣬ϲľִͷΪһִͷ֣ٲ˿ԳֽѵԷһȺ
ָоĺˬ
ಣಣ
ûκγɣʿһ
ֱֲӳѹ
һɫһɫˮͻֱӳ
˳ֹԼɫһ
ʱĸоµλĶűϵƣ֮ȴҪӸ߼
Ȼԣпޡ
ϡ
ĿĮĿʿʿһ⣬·𿴵˳ﱻǻһĻ
ֻǣһ̣Ǿɵˡ
䣡䣡
ۿԼӵϣȻûκε˺ڣӵ½Ƕû˵
⡭
ʿɫ䣬ֵĿų
ǵӲС
Ŀ⣬ƽʿϡ

ʿĻɫ䣬æġ
ʲôЦ
׵ǵĹӪصͳ죬Ҳδ
üûиʿƽϣڣվĸ߶Ѿȫͬ
ߣ
һɨˣһת֮ʣʧ
ʱʿһۣ˿Щ¡
Һλûƽϡ
һʿ
ǰλ˴дǱɣ
һʿ˵ͷΪȻ
Ҳ֪λǺεȵĴڣʵȻǰ¡
һһᣬŻ顣
뿪ǸӪԺʶɢλڡ
֣λ֮⣬Ȼһλ档
Ǹλ棬û˴ڡ
˵Ǹλ棬û롣
Ǹλ棬ͨһ͵ģֻǣǸȴżƣֻʵﵽһĳ̶ȣִܵǸط
ţ
ͻȻһ
һɲǼ䣬Ȼоһڤڤд
ɫԴ츳
ó׻
ɫԴ츳
˭
ҪͼԷȴǷǵܿƾʧˣͺûгֹһɻ
ʱ򣬳﷢֣ʶ̽鵽Ǹķڤڤƺʲôں
ָоԽԽϤ
һٶȿ쵽£һƥƬִ֮Ǹ
λڴɽ
ɽ֮ϣһЩʵǿĴڣ֮ǰʶ̽鵽Щ˵ʵˣӦúԴڵĸߵΪĿռ֮Щơ
ЩǿڵߣһЩˡ
ûЩˣֱڴϡ
󲢲ӣҪעһ
ڳ׼Դ֮עʱһͻȻʲôˣ
üȥȴһӣƾճǰԶԶ
ɫһûԷ˼̧֣Դ֮
ס֣
Ȼ䣬ӱһгһ棬һֱӶ
ݣ
Ľ绯ߣһ˿˿Ϣ
ţ
üͷƶЩȣ䲻൱ԴڸߵΪĹ
ֻǣ⽣ȴǲһ
ಣ
һֱ̧֣ץס˵Ľ
ǣ
ָ΢΢ֱӽ˵Ľ۶ˡ
ӻûüӦﱬһȣ
һǿڳֱӺ˳ȥ
ֻо緭Ƽһѣ󣬷ŶסΡ
Ķ̽ͫһôˣ

ӵĻüͷһƣ磬֮Ϊ

ͻȻ֮䣬֮һεóüͷһ塣
һһµˣƾճ֮С
˵ʵڳ￴ԶʤһΣԴӡ֮ǰоǼǿĴ֮һ
վߵλǿ֮һ
ˣ
ӿˣ
˵Ŀ⣬ںеĶϽϣ΢΢ݡ
۶ĴڣҲ
λ񣿡
˿ʵ
ü˵Ҳʲô񡭡ûµĻң
Ļúһ͡
Ϊƽʱ߸ϣټʵУҲǶ⣬ڸߵλ֮У˭˵

ɫ䣬Գͺȵ
֪˭𣿡
˿ʵ
֪
ﵭҡͷҲ֪
Ļ׼ŭ˺ˣһ绯棬ųֶ£·Ҫֱȼն
ɫһ
ԷӶˣһ̧֣۰һӡ
䣡
һɿµ˲ըգԴ֮
Ȼõֻ֮һ
ɾֻ֮Ҳ˳һˣֱӱ˳ȥ
ۣ
³һѪֵĿų㡭㵽ʲôˣ
Ҳˡ
źλʵǸߵλһָģܺλȵ񣬲ˡ
ڣĬĬŵӣһ֣ͻź
˼飡
ԼΡ
㣬㡣
ﵭɨ˺һۣסҵĻ죬ˡΪվλ۷壬Ϊ޵ˣأ
ﻰһ䣬Դ֮£ڴϡ
ɲǼ䣬ǧâڡ
ں˺ͺĿɿڴ֮£Ӱʧǵǰ
ǡȻԶֻش󣡡
Ӻݺݵ˿ĭȻ֪ľȴҲ˵⴫Ĳ򵥣ݴ˵һ֮󣬽Ϊϵ

ʲôû֪
ֻ֪ϵĴڣֻع򣬼Ϊ¡
˵֣֮ɱ
ѵ
һţԶĺˣʵˣղˣѵˣ
ѾعҲ鲼ݣпܡϾû˼񣡲ҿԸоղŶҳ֣Ѿұɣ
˵ĻӸȷϡ
ղһλ
ѹֿ׾
ԭԷǴ˵еĴڡ
뵽ԼղžȻ嶯Ķ֣һĨ⣬һ¡

λҪɱһҲ
ҺãķûкСƽϵ˼Сɹӹһ٣һС
һӻԻԼ궯


669 
ﱻ֮һƼֻоԼٲϵڡ
ִһλ档
׼ȷ˵һΪխλ档
Ϊλ漫Сٱߵλ棬µλ滹ҪС
ֺҵĸоԽԽǿˡ
һ˳źԼǹɸоȥ
λ汱ߵľͷⱱߵľͷ֮ϣһ
һ޴ޱȵĽΧ˸
Ҫǣɫɫ
ңɲǣڵԴ壬һͺĳֺһ㡭
ˡ
ͻȻһģŮóɫһ䣬˭
ң
ǵƬ̣ٴοڣһһˡ
ʲô˼
һ㶣֪˵ʲôʲôкһˣ
ʵǹ죡
ǵ˵ɫԴ츳
֣һһ䴫ĶУó׻㡭֪ˣ
ͬΪɫԴ츳ӵߣ֮ǰһĪϵôѵ㲻ǰһеĸо
ٴδ
ǰʲôط
һ㶣ҡͷĹˣȴֲָ˵ټ
ǰĽ
óﳹ״סˣǰĽһĲ˼飬˼ǡ
ˣ
ʱ򣬳ǰɫ޽ͻȻһһɫӰ
ֻǣɫӰȴЩá
һӣЩ죬˳˵Դ磬ֵ֮ĵڶɫԴ츳ӵߡ֮ϵĴڡ
ӵĻɫ䣬㡭Ǵ˵еǸˣ
˵еǸˣ
Ŀһ˵ɣҲͳԽԺԴһʱ䡭ҵĿͲپԴˣΪҪԴĹ򡣡

һʶӵķ
ԼԴһ㣬Դ磬Ҳй
ȻԴĹ򣬸ԴڵԴڵĹȴǲ֪Ҫǿ˶١
ԴڵĹֻҪԴƿ߾ƶ߻
ԴĹ򣬾εĴڣҲ޷ҡֺ
ϧ󹦿һ񡣡
˵ƺЩ̾Ȼ˵Ǹطһֻʵ˿ҡҲĶ֡󣬸Ǳˣֻ꣬ռһ񽣡
ͫһ
Ȼ⿡ӻҪǿ
ֱǲ˼飬˷˼
ôܾ𣿡
ʵ
ͷȻȣϵĴڣվԴ۷ĴڣȻƺ⡭ʵ˺Ȼ
ˣǸδػǵĶ֡
ͻȻֿˣ֮ż˷ܣͺҵʧɢĻ飬ڿٴһս
ǣ
ӵĻҡͷһЦҪʧˣڵңѡ

ǳڵʵ

ĻӵһЦⶼ⡭ֻҪҰ㣬ټɫԴ츳ʮꡭֻҪʮ꣬Ҿﵽ۷ʱڵʵ
ʮꣿ
һ
ʱ䳤
ʵԴԺ󣬳ʱûпôأӣҲĴ˵еǸɫԴ츳ƿ˵ֻҪʮ꣬ܵõȫʢʱڵʵ
֮ϵʵ

ݣ
񣬾ͷֿٴλ񽣣Хһɫ⽣üġ
ﱾܵų⡣
֮ɨ
ʱɫ⽣Ƴȥ
꣬䲻Էǿɳڵĵ̣ϾԼĵ̣žԵƿȨ
ԴӳΪԴԺ󣬳ͷ֣κһԴ꣬һռ䡣
ռ֮ڣ޵еġ
꣬Уᱻֱӽɱ
ųңҰΪ
ӵһ񽣣ٴռ䡣
һΣûų
ռ䣬žԵƿȨֻҪһֲԣͿԼ֮ǿнԷĨɱ
Է֮ϵĴڣռ䣬ǾǴ׵⡣
ԣġ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ռ΢΢һʼ
ɲǼ䣬ͷԼһԴ֮ɶ
֪˶á
ĸоԴ֮ı仯
ܿ죬ƽơ

ɹ
Ȼ


ٶȣȻѸޱȡ



һֱٶȲ
ʱعԷڵ˷츲صı仯

΢΢ȭԸܵȵһָоֻҪϵĶֻҪ룬תۼܻҽ
ʱֻܰʲôʱϤҿʹһٴΰΪ
ڳ֮У˿ӵ
óԷЩƣ
лл
ﵽһл
ʱռϢ
ֵ
š
ûоܾܿ죬ʲôæ˵ˣﵽʲôطѾ˲ã硭
ã磬ҵٳһռ䣬ҵԴศɣ֮أԴڵλ档
ӻ˵ġ
Դ壿
ˣԴڣƿǲܴ˽𣿡
ӵ˵ֻһԴԡֻҪΪͿԴ塣ȻԴ壬ʹŽ磬ǱǿĴڣһͷҲԽ𣡡
һ㣬Ǹռơ
ȻȻʵӦ뿪
žˡֻҪãǧ꣬ǧ󣬲ãὫǿдͳȥ
ӵ
Ȼ
ʱ˯úһ
Ӽ˵Ȼʱ䣬ڲãĴѰһãвٲã֮ġΪ档
˵꣬ӵ׳š

üͷһ¶һĨЦݣ֪ӿеʲô֮ǰҹһö

һ뿪λ棬صǸߵλ档
ڸߵλʱ򣬳ﻹǳڴ⡣
ʱŷ֣ΧŲˡ
һĿɿڴĿ
ţ
ü֮ɨԷ֣Щˣд붼վڸߵλ۷Ĵڡ
Ҳʲô
񣡡
ͻȻһ˳עŷ֣кˣǵǸˡ


670 仯
ź˿ڣ˵Ŀⶼ
񣿡
񣿡

ڳˣ׷׺Ȼ
񣡡
ܿ죬˷ӦԳ
óһ㶣ĵ˵ͷһ֣͵Ƿ֮ˣһһ
ɲǼ䣬һ쵽¡
֮Уһĳѷ졣
ʱӦһĿ¶Ȼʵ֮£Զܱȡ
뿪ߵλԺ˼ȥµλ档
ԭȥֺͰСһ
ֻǣԭǣȴûзְֺͰСһӰ
ڣڵıԭǸȥȣ˷츲صı仯
ѵˣ
һ
뵽Ӷ˱ԭУҵһѯʣλֵܣǳɻǰ֣
֣
µӣ´ųֵܣû°ɣֳǱԭǵĴǰѾ뿪ԭˡڵƬ½Ķ񡣡

סˡ
У˸ղǰ
ڣ뿪Ѿȥ˰ꣿ
㿴Ǿǰֳĵ񡭡ߵģãŴ˾ҲƬ½ǿ֮һʵڰֳ
ӿԶʾ
Ŵ˾
ǷЦ⣬ţǵǸСŮ
һȥԶУһӣһŮӡ
еӢŮ
û뵽Ƕôˡ
̾Ȼһֱ뿪
ղźͳ˵ӣֻоһӹղǸӣӰ٣һȻҸղۻ˲ɣ
ڱԭϿգʶɨ
ȥ֡һ桭Ҳ뿪ˡ
һû뵽Сһﲻֻˣ˳ɾ͡
ȻСһȡ˳ɾͣȡ
ΪСһעͬʱΪСһϴ裬Сһӵõ츳
ʱ䣬ɾͶ
൱ڸߵλǿߡ
˳ɾͣ˾ȡ
½Զһɽɽ֮ϣһܴ½֮˾
Ƕ
½ǿĴڣס
Ƕ񡰰֡
񣬳֮ϣǰ̻Ի͵¶Цݡ
ǸСһ
ն£վ֮⡣
ʱӶΧм䣬ȵʲôˣô
ʲô£
ʱһһ۵ˣ˳
ˣô
ʱһ˵
ʲôô󵨣Ҵ
üͺһĿ˳ϣֻһۣɫ䣬㡭㡭
üЩȣʶ
ǵʶˡ
ʶң
ﵭʵ
£
һΧסļȵ
ˣ뵽˵ϣʵȥǵĿ⻹ңң˳ϣ棬ʲôˣ
Ȼü˼ɵ
ҡҼĻ񡭡һģһеһģһ
Щĵ
񣿡
һ㶣ʶɨܿͷ˿еĻ
һʥ֮ڣһУˣ
·òûзֺ
ʥ֮ڣһ
һӣüԵϡ
֡
ӣ̲סЦˣЩ꣬ĳˡ

һתʧԭء
ðĿһһȻĿһλ
ʥ֮С

ڰֵǰϢ
Ȼվڴ½۷Ĵڣȴûвֺ
֡
ڣ￪ˡ
һȻ˫һ۾Ϳ˳סˡ
ǰӡ
ôϤ
һҲˡ
Ϊӣһı䣬ڵڱԭǣһͨƽ
硣
Щʡ
ϵĶ񣬳ƺһΪ硱֪ʲô顣

ֱӳһ㣬§ס˳Ŀʳһ˿˿ᡣ
磬ڳˡ
ּޱȡ
֣㳤ˡ
ֵĺף㰲ǶѾˣֻǵǸ꣬һ㣬Զ䡣
ڣЦ磬ʱ䣬ȥ
΢΢һЦȥ˸ߵλ桭ڵʵӦҲȥߵλˣΪλûȥ
ԣЦҺڶ˿ڸߵλʵǶû뿪Ϊڵȴ㣬ǵĴҲˡ
ǡǵĸ׻𣿡
ʡ
ֵͷĸ׻ãҲǶˣѾ
ͷǾͺá
磬Ҵȥţ϶㡣
ֿ˵
ͷ
ڰֵ󣬳ܿ˴½Աı֮С
һѩķ֮ϣһӰĿ
ԿƮѩ£ھһξУһԣմ
ͻȻ䣬Ӱһǵľգ΢΢һһ˫磬ˡ
ŮӿҲͶʮͷƳ
˭뵽ôһλŮӣһλǿߣҲƬ½ʥĴʡ
˾
˾֮ůƶ񤡣
½ɡ
š
￴ţϸЦݣû뵽ǸСŮҲˣҳɳ˵ز
Žһ˼ĻعͷȥһǣƵ
󡭡硣
ЩţҲΰɣ
ȻͻСȴһҲǰӡ
ţûΣǴ磬ˡ
վһԣ΢Ц
ҲͲסӶ˽˳ĻþòԸ
ЦЦţҲˡ
ŶУԸܵһЩ˻ɣͽǴ˸ߵλ档
ˣ
ͻȻǰӣ˱ϹϾ
ﵭĿһۣǵԹ񣬡Ժ󣬰չ˺ˡҪȥʲôطǹȥ
ǣ
æͷ˿
ţš˵һֱȥ
硭
Ŀ⸴ӣô뿪ˣĿտյġ
ǰǣ
ֿˣʡ
ִӺ˿֪Էݣɵˡ
ߵλǿĴڣ
ͻȻãĴΪö̺һе·ӻպߵλ˭˸ǣ
磬лл
ĬĬĵ


671 ޵
ڳĴλ棬Ѱ
ǰȥڻصˡã硱
ڵʵڲãһȺУ޵УԼȡ
ЩҲʵ
ȻûвʣҲ벻ˡ
ܿ죬սã磬ǧʱ䡭
ʱ򣬳ھʹ

ʱоһƥϯ֣ţͱԴ硣
һΣǳƬա
ǰвˡ
ֻǣ඼˵ˡ
ܿ죬һӰ󣬾ʮˣȻֻʣʮˡ
ǸлԵɢ˰ɡ
Ǹˣ˳һֱۣȥҲûжʲô

һͺȴīˡ
ī񡣡
һЦīһ̤ն
ʲôջ𣿡
īЦʣڳǺ档
Сţ
ӦһͻȻǲʲôɫһ
ô
īշӦһӰѾǶ˵ǰ˲Ǳˣǧ֮ǰ߳·ʯơ
ʯƣһ
ʯϡ
īɫһҪΣ
ʯǷЦʲôСӣǲŴӲãˡҵԴ̳ߣã綼ûͱɱˡ
̳ߣ
ڣīȻԭǸӣʯƵԴ̳ߡ
ʯǿ·ҲΪ˳ȫˡ
ƺ޹ذɣ
ī
޹أһҪѵһ١
ʯƵǣЦ
ѵǣ
ɫһͺȵ

һ쳹ʣīһ㶣ʯҲЩͣŵСӣҹ
ʱٲʧҵǰ
ƽĿʯƣ˵

ʯԣһ㶣ӦһЦСӣΪһ˲ã磬ܽɱΣڣҺúý㣬ϣûһʵûʸŵġ
̼䣬ʯƶˣ
֮ϣߵɫǳ֮˸ҫ۵Ĺ
Сģ
īɫһ䡣
ߣ
һ䣬ʱ䣬ˣ
ﻰ֮䣬ڳͷ֮ϣͻȻ˾ŵɫǳ֮

īȻ
ǳʯƣҲɫ䣬ۿ̧֣ŵ
ڣͷʲô϶Ժ

Цˣˣ
ڳﻰ˲䣬һ̧֣һɿµԴ֮˲佫ʯڣ̼ըҷ
¹ƽ
㡭
ī񳹵״ˣͺ
īû뵽ȥһ˲ã磬ٴγʱ򣬾ȻǾˡ
īȥ󣬳
ʱ֮У˿ӵΪȹ̵ĲҼ
ڿӵİ¡
Ϊϵš
һʡ
ʡ

ʣ
֮󣬼ۡ
֮󣬻С𡱡
ԴУƱãȴûӰ쵽ھһʮꡭ
ʮ
ǼһʮǷˣҲ֪Ϊεȳ̶ˡ
ī񰵵
ڷ֮ڣһΪǿӵİ£ѾͻƵ˾
վԴ۷塣
Ȼⲻļޡ
ɫԴ츳ӵߣļޣھ֮ϡ
ڵͷˡҪ֮ϣҵ㡣㽫ռƿȨҵ꣬һͻơ
ռ֮ڣӵ
á
Ŀһײľӹ
Ƭ֮
壬ҵˣ꣬ɣ
һſڳռڴȴǿӵ
ǲǸ˵̫ˣ
Цˡ
ţܣʲôʱֵġܡ
ӵ𽥵ʧӰ١
ռ֮ڣһٽӵײٿռڵһеֱɱ˶Էꡣ
ʲôʱֵģ
˫һǷһĨ⣬һʼңҪռʱҾͷˡУ̫ˡһҪл㣬ҽһΪ𣡡
ϸֳЦݣͬʱ˫
ǸӣҲԴһɫԴ츳ӵߵļ䣬ȫԺС
ǸطĺܹŹ֣ǰ¡УһͻƣȻô򵥡
Цˡ
ǸطȻŹ֣ﲢûдȥһ̽
٣ѹºġ
򣬱ȻᲽǸӵĺ󳾡
ʮȥ
ЩҲԴ֮ڣżˣɶԴλ桭
ӣң
ɶϾͻˡһͻƣҽ޵Դ硣ʱҽԴ壬㵽Դȥߡ
ķ΢ЦŶɶ˵
ɶ˵ͷһ򳪸ģ

ϣͻȻµХͺ˿ǰĽһ㡣
ڸʲô
īڿУǰҡҡλεĽɫ䡣
ղţͷˣıʣǴпʼģ׼ȷ˵ǴӳǸ俪ʼġ
ֲɢ
ηһ

ͻȻ֮䣬һЦ˾¡
һɫӰ
վ·ԴΪһ壬ߴޱȣ˴һѹȸС
ʲôˣ
ղŵĶɵģ

һȺϵˣ׷Χ˹
ܿ죬ǾͿ֮еӣһ̧֣ȻԴĿռ˺
ֶΣ˶ɵˡ
˵û취˺ԴĿռ䡭
ʲôˣѵǿ
̫ˣǾУĴڣҾһ֪

һȺ˶ɵˡ
īҲˣ
ڶ˵Լڵˣֱ

ʱĿ˺ѿռ䣬һİŮӣ˳
Ůһʤѩֱ·Ů
վӵߣɾ£̲סĽ
˭
ڰīڵΪ֮Ȼʱ
ӣץס˰Ůӵ֣΢ЦɶԴˣǵھġҸ˵ġ
Ůӵ˵ͷĴΧ
ī񣬺ڣ
ӵĿ⣬ܿԶīϣһЦ

ī˵ʲôȴ֣ǸصİŮӣת۾ʧ֮Сײˣ
ȫ꣩
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================