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001 һµĿʼ
ݴһ顣
ʮΧɱ֯ɱķɹ˺·һ߼Ĵɱ
ڲɽԵ͵Ϯɱһʥͽ
ķ֮ǰѾʮɱꪳɳҾʥͽ֮֡
Ľúֵʵܵ˼ĴһúֵʮΧһǧɡ
ķһεĳɹɱǷ
ϧǣķҲڴɱʥͽˣʥͽͬھ
ˣķɳΪ˺֯УķΧ֮ڣһλԷ֮˻ɱʥͽ׳ٵߣ
ķɱʥͽ֮ĵڶ졣
̫ճһжûиı䡣
ֻǴӴԺ󣬺֯ɱֱ㱻Ϊ֣һķһ

үүû°ɣŻҰ
һĽĴߴķӻлѡ
ո˫۵Щģķ̲ס±ۣҪһԼ۾
ȻֲŽƤ˲䣬ķֱסˡ
ôһֲڵĸоûУ
ԡԼѾ˰ڸոձɱʥͽʱȻɹؽдʥͽţȴҲʥͽУɱĵʬ޴棡
ô£
Уķ͵ٴ˫ۣܹ׽ĻҲ
һİЩϤŮӳ⻭浱УķһʱЩ㱡
Ŷ
⡭ⲻǼ廹ûбǰԼߵСŮ
ǶѾǶʮǰ˰
ʮǰԼļΪһƷδ֪֮мһϦֻԼһڸ׵ƴ֮£ѡ
ʮķûмκһһ棡
˶ԩ꣡
Ŷǳ֮ǰֿɼĵطΪ˱Ӳıһ룡
ʱͿ־壬¾˶ʮʱϴҲӡԺС
ǰһĻô£
ķԴٵתţͬʱоԼʱƺ§ڻϴĴޱ
ֱܵĳһץȻԼ֧
ովȣԱ㴫һŮļС

ķѭȥͿŶ˫ֻأɫһƬ糺վԡ
Ŷķ˲ԼŸоޱľʲôλȻЩΣȴͬʱָеǲ
֡ʮǰԼôûСѾͷôã
һߺ˼ţķһ߽Ĺ۲ܵĻΪɱ֮ɵϰߡ
ͿļӦѾپһƬլԺ
ԶļɽǰĿյءŮһжİϤ
ǣļң
Լļ䵱УʮǰǸң
Ļˣ
ү̫ˣҾ֪µģղˡ
һԵŶʱҲعûע⵽ķǹŹֵɫֻ˷ܵؽе
ķԽԽˣҸûжߵֻĽӦãȻܰΣЩ׶Щʲô
ķ֮⣬һ续ŮһľŶʱ̲סɫѿĿѵ
ղķڶбһؿڶȻεҲʵһʱķ˹ŮӰ˿ͬʱķĲʢ˼֡
ͻأ֣ķ̲סһ͵תǳԺǳԼŮ嶼ΪƲסĲ
ҶȻ
Լδޣ
ѾǳﻯΪݹǵŮ˸⣬оεˣ
һУȻĻ᣿
ķԼ۾Ҳ·һֹͣ
ˣ
ķԼЩʧȥ˼ǰһŭŮ̼䣬ķ档
ٻصʮǰٴο㡭ã
㡭ͻȻʲôˣһˣȻ˵޾Ϳޣѵ߳𣡡
ҶȻȻķˮЩֲһʱŭ
ķˮֻڷűεԭ
ֱӵᣬǻʲô˰
ǰֻǾԼδǸ׵ӵܣڿȻǸû˿ͷų
֪ҶȻķǱͽӽĸйֱӵ˸
ٺ٣ʲô߳ܵģ˵飬ÿ޾ͿޣЦЦǱʼαװõļʾˣԼκֱӵͷţⱲҲͱʵ֮ˡ
ķᣬЦ
ʱʵǿױȵ˵㲻ķһЩ
ȻһȻı鿴ҶȻȴһֱеƫӰ죬ҶȻֻǵľ̫ḡͬʱȻ޳ܵĽвҪı⡣
д
ۣ֮Բѣƾ߶ǵˮ׼ȻҲۣ֮ķϲʵëʲôʱܸĹѵҪһӶӻȥ𣡡
ҶȻһı˵
鿴ķ΢΢һ㶣Ȼʱɲʲôֵɱ֣ڳĵһ竡


002 ļּ
˿̣ѧӼ߲߰ķͷıǩ
ӡУҶȻȻδޣЩʱĲŵʹҶȻûƹûжչ¶һ˿һЦݡ
ʱ̫ˣȻˣɾͲðˡ
ķɫһĦԼ°ͣ˵
ʲôð죿
ⱻתƵ̫ͻأҶȻʶüʵ
ŶûʲôҪ㰮ҵĻܲأҵƫʵ̫Щҵúú취С
ķһ˵
㣡ķ֮ǰǴϷҵʱжˣھζһ£
ҶȻķ仰ɫ࣬˵ŻͬʱѾһķԴȥ
һҪʵˣȻڰķΣֱӰķõϱͷûġ
һ㣬ҶȻš
Ȼ֮ǣʢŭ֮ܵĶһȻ˼ÿˣ
΢΢ЩʱķȴѾϢĵͬʱǰ㣬ʹյҶ׹ԡ
ҶȻȫûпķôģʵϣķľ̫жϳķʱλã
һ£ܵؾҪǰķ룬ɻûķȻڣ˵ʱڵ
ܿھƷ۷ƿѾͣ˲꣬ȴһֱ޷ͻƵһƷʦ硣ԼĻ֮ڣûϣͻƵġȴа취ھͻƿ
ᣬ˵³ҶȻĶ׹ЩĵȴҶȻȫԵЩҪϸڡ
ô֪ôжϳԼ뻹ҪͻƣԼûиκͻƿʱ˵һ֮ģܹһЩӦ⣬˾ܿóŶԣ
⵽ô£
ܣû°ɣղŷʲôˣΪʲôԺŶļ
һԽķҶȻ֮Ϊ컵״̬
ҶȻ΢΢һæǰºķ˾롣
ĵŮ֮ôڱǼɢķЩź˿ŤͷԺڴһݿʡΰѾһĵĳ嵽ǰ
ֻӾϹɫķȴĿһ˿ʧɫ
ĿԼ׵ӣԼ꣬ҲԼϵĴ磡
һТ壬ʵȴĺֺݵļ֮ͽ
֮ǰĹεļһֱӵĹϵ
ķһ䣬ת˲ָ̣ʱḡЦ˵ûµĴ磬ֻ¥̫ãĹԸղźȻĶеŲסѡ㲻õģȥæİɣﻹҪء岻Ȼ˵Ự
ķ٬һ˵һ߳ĿüŪ۵İڳһ㶮áı顣
ĿʱԼķ˼ķǲмȴһ˿ӣķļ򣬿ڵû¾ͺãҪ̫ΪԼһ£ڳϦġ
˵꣬ĿŤͷҶȻ˵ãҾͲͶˣµĻٽҡ
ҶȻ촽ص˵ͷĿתȥ
ķһֱĿ뿪Ժ䣬ŤͷҶȻٺЦϱǽ˵ɡŶȥԺţûҵҪκ˽Ժӡ
ŶʱӦһȻԼӺǰƺЩһȴҲûж룬ֱԺſСܶȥ
ҶȻķĳƺʱüŭķһûʽףôռҵıˣһ㲻
ȿȣɣɣ˵ʲôʲô
ҶȻҵķӦķЩεͷȻԼլָָڵϱ
ϱָոճڣķͿҶȻеľ·Ҫ°γĿڵϰϰ磬ˬȽݿɺã
ҶȻķǸЦеƣӣһʱЩԥһ뵽Լķ֮ʵ࣬Ҳͷݺݵصķһֹۣһ䣺ҵҪ«ﵽʲôҩ
˵꣬լӡ
ҶȻլӣķ˿ǿĵļ̬ȫʧȡ֮ģǳǵᡣ
ȻϲԸһᣬṼ
ļһҶȻҪ㾡ȫȥ
ŵĲһĻݣ


003 ָ
ķ߶ǣȴ˵ܹͻƿʦܸ˵ӳĳһһĽѵ
ҶȻոլӵĿת˵
ķа취Ϊͻƿ飬ֻԼҲܰȥͻơ
ھͻʵ̫ˣκһ¿쳣ЦĻᡣ
ڱصõһֱķ˼Ķ㿪ȫûķôģһ˿롣
Ҫеģһ漣أ
ʱķոսլӣķŹ
ҶȻĻתͷ˿ҶȻ㷢ҶȻƺլӵĴŶԵЩ衣
ķ̲סЦ£˵ȻҲ˵ˣھǸͷβͨˣȴһƷ۷ߣҵķôǿѵ㻹ҶʲôɣҾǸģҲûǸ°
ߣ˭֪ӵĻ⣬ζžԣһһЩĵֶ˵أ
ҶȻ˿ûΪķĻɣһ˵˵㵽ʲô취ҽʦ
ķûֱӻشҶȻ⣬ǱܵԼָϴŵһö۵Ľָ
һʱЩãȻ
ʵŸոʱѾע⵽ԼϵĽָˣֻ˼ԼҶȻ֮ĶԻûüȥ˼öָ⡣
ΪöָǼƷײ
һļУļұŵֱӵҲķѺܹûжٵҩ͹֧£˽ʮʱ䣬ʹԽʦڡĴ׶Σ˷۷Ҫԭ
ȻķʼƷײȴܹӵ߾߱
ͨ׵˵ǣӵöָʵĹ̵Уƿ
ķ֮ǰŻʮĸҶȻܹͻƵʦľ硣
ΪһУߵҪ̵򣬶̵ӡķ굱С
ֻķû뵽ǣöָȻϣ
Ѫĸо˵ķǳȷöָǸʮöָ
ѵ
ķ뵽һɵʱҶȻȴǳ˼
ķ㻰أѵû𣡷ʲô˵ղŸƭңʵͲðͻƿķ
ҶȻ˪ޱΣգ˵ͬʱѾ·ŵ˹ľϡ
ǰǱɽһˣķգգ۾ȻԼԴЦ
ǵģʲôûɵģǰһжģ㹻ˣ
Ȼڵ˶̬ȺǶӣΣ
ҶȻֻǰǸѧķоԵģҶȻڵԼ
ȻȻҪȥֲеź
Щ벻ͨĵطԺȥѰҴҲˣ飬Ѿ̫Ĳ˼顣
Ȼ鶼ܹôʲôǲֵܳأ
ķ㵽ڸʲô
ķͻأЦݣҶȻüǳס˽ЩҪ̲סγ
ٺ٣ûû£뵽ԺõδЩ˷ܶѣȰͻߣʦɡ
ķԼǿȷʵЩʵЦݣǰҪȥҶȻ˫֡
ҶȻһһֱӵķ࣬ͬʱٴοںǳҪʲô
ʦʲôҾסֶֻѣûʲô
ķһ޹ػش
ʦʲôϵ
ҶȻɱ䡣
Уֲǲ֪ʵ֮Իƿԭڶ򲻹ֻ͸ӦεȻܹͨͻۣʵӦĲϡڣȻʵѾﵽʦĲΣȴڶ㣬ʼ޷ͻơҪɹͻƣȻҪȥӦа
ķ̯˫ʼ磬ΪεĽ͵
򣿺˵˵û˵Ҳܹñ˰æģҪǿͨİæȥʲ繷ˣ
ҶȻüͷ൱˵
㲻ô֪أ˵ˣĲУҲǱһֶѣֲԶĿϾǻδ޵ͷءʵ֤ƭģٽѵҾˣֲĶ֡
ķҶȻΪʲôԼΪԼ˵Ķʵ̫ףѾΥ֪
ҶȻԥķ̾˿ԼɫȻޱϵļ˵Ȼ֪ʲôҪͻʦĽޣﵽڵʵǸʱ㹻Լˣúķʽļҡ
΢˶٣ķ˵һΪڣͨΪļҵػνĶ飬Ҫ޸ӵܡȻˣΪʲôԸһأֻǵƾԼδʱ㶼޷ͻƵʦģһô꣬п֮һͣʦĲϣһҲ޷ﵽڡ
㡭ô֪ҵ뷨
ҶȻһݵĿķôҲûϵ˼룬ǻᱻǰӡвѧһƣ
ʲôѲµģֲǲ֪ԼжôϲɣֻΪԼҸһΣ𣿡
ķЦԼıӣȻٴγҶȻ˫֡


004 ˼
ķ峺˫ϣҶȻ΢΢Щ㶣һη֣ԭķ۾Ư
ָɾҶȻ֮ǰûмģ
ԼʶǸķԼʶǸķһֱֻɫеԼ
ʹģҶȻ˫֣ķ˫ϡ
һκ˷ĽӴҶȻͬĲ£ʶľ˫ջء
Ȼûһصаĳб˳ķŵ˫ִ뵽ԺУ
ܵı˫ۡ
о˵·ֻɲǼ䣬Ƭؾȫµһ㣡
ȪӿʽĽ뵽ԺУѸٵĺľΪһ壡
ֺˬҶȻԼ̥ǣ
ǡͻƣ
ҶȻǲ˼ظԼڵȻڽĳ˳ԣ
˫ֻۣǴʱѾû˶Ļɡ
ĿĿǰߵķһʱһƬհס
ȻͻˣȻܹ򣿣
ôܣ⵽ôģ߶ǰԼѵ
ʵ̫˼ˣ
ҶȻб𺳵ԸӵʱͻƵḺ́ѾѸٵĽʱҶȻǾƷߣһһƷʦ
ͻƵɣķ˫֡
ԼһգҶȻ˼ȻʧʶĿʵ㡭ôġ
ͷһβ
ȻѾͻƣҶȻɺţѾסԼ꣬ҿҪסԼƿô򵥵ͻˣ
ǰѧӵİ£
ҶȻʵ쳣ʵĸо
Ҳȥƭ㣬ȷʵûа취ͣ˵ʱһ㣬𣿡
ķ΢Ц˵
áðɡȻ֪ҵ뷨ΪʲôҪңͲҴﵽڵľĺԼ𣿡
ҶȻҧҧ촽վûסԼĵһʡ
ʲôϵѡԼҲֻ˵Ҳã޷õȻˣ㵱ȻȨȥ׷ѰԼҸҲҶԼģҶȻһ㰮ҵģΪעҪҵģ
ķ˵
شȫҶȻ֮⣬ҶȻֱڵ
ķޱıͲɵҶȻľЩ㱡
ˣˣҵϢһɡոսʦҪʱȥһ£һŶſڵġоǣ鲻Ҫκ͵ԼͻƵıã͵ǡ֮Сܡ
ҶȻǿɰĴģķ΢Ц£˵ֱתլӴȥ
Ҫȥģ
ҶȻܵһ䡣
ȥҵϵĹûǴĻǵĸ״Ӧ˼ֵ飬õΪ򡣡
ķЦƿլӴţ
ķˬʵЦҶȻЩ㶣ķռ˵ûеķӦ
ؿķȥıӰҶȻȻãδ˽⣬ƺЩƬˣһνӵܣķ飡
ķĲչֳôǳĻЩΪҪνͣ
ΪʲôҪԼֵ˲
Ŷȥլſڰɣ붨ءûг֮ǰҪκ˴
ķլֱԺſڣЦͬʵʵԺſڵŶ˵
ǣү
ŶæӦһķǴЦݣһʱЩ㶡
ģͷһүϣЦݡ
ôˣүл𣿡
Ŷֵķ̲סԼգʵ
ǡûСûС
ŶæҡͷЩŵģǿɰ
ôһСӣֲܳ㣬Ͽȥɡ
ķЦŶͷͬʱŶԴ
ŶתլСܶȥӰķǲ뵽СѾͷӦòʮҰɣݵģǺӵĳΣοĳЩλָѾ൱ء
ǼţŶҲĻòɣ
ܱܲȵҶȻǣȴٶôСұĳˡ
˵ãҲܵ˺
Щ㱵ţŶѾҪܵլӵſڣķͻȻŶƯ
˵꣬ķתЦ뿪Ժſڡ
СеŶķͻһһģЩֱӵڵϡ


005 ԰ص
òվӣŶһȻŤͷȴķѾߵûӰӣŸһĨ˵ĺΡ
үǵģ춼ôڻģһûΡүЩһأ١ôͻȻ͸о˲ôأ
Сֹһ䣬ŶɻԼЩ̵գŰվլӵĴſڣȻ˴
ķԼլԺһ·˲ټˡ
ЩڼһǹĲ̬޿ޣķȴɴЩ˵Ŀ˱ĺӵ顣
ķȻ֪еԭڼ屻֮ǰЩΪ˴ίʵڻЩ
ԶЩֲмķûжŭʵϣûзϡ
Ϊڵʵ̫á
֮ȴԼûҾȻлȥֲֲЩԼźĴԼʧ
ʲôܱ˿ĵ
ˣ
ķٺЦһ£·ζá
ΧļҵȴڿķЦݺ̲סһ£ʶĽͷڵĸЩͬʱĬĬİ̾ţ֪λʲô˵Ļˡ
ãֻϣԼϾС
ʵǺȻ뷨ȥԶô
һ·ǰţķԺеļ䣬ޱĵռ൱ļҡ
լԺ׵լԺҪļլᴩһľ롣
ķĸΪļҵ峤ȻסլΧĵĺλϣķΪ뱻ĸ׾ͽסլƫƧһԺ
ԼʱҪʵøΪġ
ķͷϸػż屻֮ǰЩԼΪԽĸоʱԼʵǸ
ҷʡţȴǺȻһƬһĳ
ķȻ̧ͷȥͿ԰ټƴСһӣذڷһƬյϡ
ƬյصΧһЩһŵķΪʱЩӵ֮á
ЩŵģȫǸָĶȮࡣ
϶޺ÿƷ֣Ȯ׺ݱ뺷
ĶΪˡ
ķ΢΢һ㶣һʱЩûӦ
ڷֱЩĶιʳͬĶҪԵĶҲǸвͬЩ۷ֱιĶҲһ
һģվһԣලżιʳĹķĳֵһʱע¾ЦĳķСܶ
үүô԰ˣʲôСոֻµĶȮҪҪǵıԣ
һʮȵĹһЦݣʵ
ķŻȻǰνİ԰ô¡
ʱеӵһϲָıȽϴ̼Ķޱνİ԰Ϊ˰ЩȦĶ޶ĵط
Ҳ԰üЩ˶Ĳﵽ˶塣
Ϊڼ˿԰˷ѴǮ⣬ûκαôǮֳĵطԶЩǮʵʵʡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ֻʱķῼЩ飬ֻҪԼÿľͺá
ڵķȻô׳գοûǴĻǰ԰ĸˣƺԼǸĸء
ЩԼλװĴ磬Ҳ֪Լùٵˮ
ֻôһССİ԰вٵĶڡ
Ժͷķ΢۾ȻٺһЦ˫ֱӱȻһ˰ֲǰţһߺſ˵үҽ첻޵ģǾ⶷ʵЩˣǶСĶѾ䲻үڵݣүҪ԰Ժļңа԰Īĵطڣ

¶ʱɵۣЦҲֱӽϡ
ôҲû뵽ԼȻôһ
ʲôү˵ʲô𣡡
ķ۾һɣһ᲻Ӹеģݵ쾡¡
һķƺҪˣᣬŵæͷ˵ˡү顭ǲٿǿǣΪ˽԰Ƿ˺ôھô׵ĳĲ˵ֻ˵԰ЩޣҲһʲСʧ
磡
ü˳ĿȰ˵ţûȫ£͸оȻܵһػ˶ʱҽһһƨ˵ϡ


006 װһ竵
ķջԼ߳ȥҽţԼһŵô⡣
ҡҡͷ˫ֱ΢΢۾ڵϵĹ£תүҵľʲôʱֵˣʲôҲΪҵ뷨Ǵģ
´˴Ҳ˲Լʹһķֱӹķǰ
һĳҾڵأʹԴһĨ̹ǵԹȴޱȹ˵ү˵ǣСԽˣСȥ԰ˣ֤үҲ԰ˣ
Ŷˡɣŵûµӣѵүܿ𣿻Ҳ
ķһȵĻ˻֣۾˵
²ҵ󣬸æӵȴɲ̧ͷĴ˵үˣĿпͰ׵ģļңûбˡ
⻰ҰСӲúøɣҿŶ
ķһЦݵĹµļȻŰֲתȥ
˿ʱķȴǺȻٴδˣи£Ȼ԰ˣͰѰ԰ЩĿһ£ͷһ㱨㱨ϾЩޣһֱߵĶүҵˣүҪ֪ԼǮʲôط˲ǡ
ϵıٴνӲܵؾҪҸɾܾ
Ȼû˵ķٴδñûĿΪ£˰԰ôõʱ䣬ҪĿûУҾҲûҪļˡϾļңɲ
ǻû˵ڵĻʱӲı˺ķһεԽԽԶ̲סϺݺݵһĭ޺޵Сֹļķ
һֹţһתǰȴȻһߴӰһӰ˭϶ʱ¶˹ɫ
ֹǺͷķʱĹȫͬ
ү
ͻȻֵӰĿ
ղŵ飬ҶˣȻ϶Ҫ˱Ͱ˱øչӣܲܲ
Ŀ˵
ǣүɡǸ˱桭ȻҰǰĿĨĺƽȴվвٵĳ룬
Щɵ˵
£϶ҲѪˣѵܿ˱ɣ
Ŀνİ˰֣ķȥķɫЩѿ
ķղΪʲôûҶȻǰľǱ֮ǰֽŵģԭӦʮþȵȴƫƫ⣬ĿʵЩ⡣
ˣֻȥԡ
ĿȭͷһЩ飬֮ͬǰĻǣȻٻ˸оƣȴҲû̫ϡ
ķַôܿóֶΣһβɣܻеڶΡΡ
ķû˿ѪԵϵνļҴ٣Զļ̳ļң
ĿĬĬźĵʱķѾļլĺ򣬲ҵȺ峤Ժ֮⡣
Ȼļҵү峤ӣҪ峤ҲҪǰͨ
ԽӴļԽǽأһҪάֲķչ׳󣬱վôζ
ʱļҵ峤üͷĿһ顣
һֱҵϹܼҺȻͨķҪʱ¡
СܹҪңʲô鷳𣿡
ĿԵĹܼңһɻʵ
үЩһֱҶ￴ţʼԼԺ䣬δ뿪ʲô鷳
Ѿͷ׷ϹܼǷش
ǾˣСƽʱҶôͻȻܹңѵǱȻ̫䣬ܹ߿ģ
ĦԼ°ͣһţһԽԽôԭ򣬲ɵһŭȥнʡĵĶѾôˣ֪ôҪ˵Ȼ飬Ҿ͹һĽգ
ϹܼҹشӦһתӡ
һ·ߵԺ棬ŰĵȺԺķһ񣬿ڵүɡ
ķʱǰסϹܼļƣЦǺǵ˵ˣԺ˰ɣΪļһӣ⵱ģɲ񡣡
ϹܼҵĶͣ£ȴվķĲ»ֱؿķһۡ
ӡУķһζ˵أҿķȻģϹܼһʱúǹ졣
ϹܼҲûжԣϵıҲûκεı仯ֻǵ˵ͷתԺȥ
ķǺٺһЦϹܼҵ


007 Ϲܼ
Ϲܼܣʲô֣ķ
ļ䵱Уһ֮Ϲܼҵıȴӡ̣
λѾļҼû֪便жȥ̬ӣƺʱпˣǳ֮Уȴ𾪵չֳ˾Ʒʦǿʵ
ͬʱҲļ۷ս֮һ
ֻʱڶֵʵʵ̫ǿϹܼΪжս
ƾһ㣬Ӯķĵء
ܹܼңϵϡƺЩ
ķϹܼҵԣϹܼʼӡҪ̲סһģȻ˵
ȻػصʮǰһΪΪУķ۹⻹ڡ黹ڣ಻ҪΪ֧ŵСֶҲڡ
ЩǶͼĲƸȻνʧ
Ϊˣ֮ǰԺʱͬһıܿҶȻĽСΧڵתŲ˵ûΪ֧ţҲʲô¡
ڣֻǸϹܼûľ룬ķ㿴Ϲܼ⡣
ԭͷǰŵϹܼķѯʺʱһȻŤͷסķķһɵӣеĺâһţָƽǷ˵󶮶ү˵Щʲô˵֮ģǿ϶УˡиʹʲôģҲǺ顣
ٺ٣ܹܼңָ֪Ĳָǡоֵ£
ķϹܼңѹ˵
ķ˵ˡֺ֡Ϲܼ޷ֵӣ˲䱻𾪵ıɴ۾ķһʱ侹ǲ֪ηӦ
ô֪
Ϲܼ̲סԼһ顣
ӦôʵΪ飬ܣ
㵱ļһʲôˡ
Щھ಻ϵʴ£ȻʼŬڿ⣬Ϊȴɴԭڵľ䵽˾Ʒʦҿӻȥ
ԴļҰ֮󣬼ʮʱϹܼҴûнԼ߹κˣΪ֡һļҸǲ
ϹܼҲϣΪԵʣļһЩе鷳
ڣһֱʮ֮õܣȴȻһơ
޷ǣܵģȻǼǸ竺ͲѧƵĶү
֪ǳĻС֡飬ȷȷʵʵҿġȻƷֻ֡Ǻףڡ֡ԣҪһЩߣʲôѵ顣ȻЩʵҪҪǡ
˵ķǰӣϹܼĸ˵а취κڡ֡Ӱʼ޷ơ
ϹܼҶʱԭء
Ƚȥˣơ֡飬һӸ׵ķϸ̸ֻıҴž֪⡮֡Ѿڲʮ֮ãѷ£Ҫ׵ĸΣ̻Ƚ鷳
ķվֱӣһ˵ţһתլӵĴſȥ
ϹܼأЩ㶵վԭأؿķѾڵӰһƬҡ
ķԼģΪǣ˿óֵƱ󣬸ο⼸ʮûжκ飬ȻҲ˻Ὣķ
ΪˣŸϹܼҸо˼顣
λүҲܲءĻЩ͵Ѿ嶼ƭ˹ȥȻˣΪʲôֺȻҪǰ¶أ
Ϲܼüͷ˳˼
ͬʱķѾվĵӺŵһµĸףķ鼤Щʧȥơ
Ͼ㹻׼
ټΪɱֵһʱסԼı¶˶ķɹƣЦݣɿ˸񣬿ڵס
ϵĿķôһվûվӣʱͷһǻŭʶ档
硱һ죬ϵĲ豭̨֮ĶһƵ±
Сӣ㲻úԼԺ䣬ܹҸǲǳԲ˿࣬ȻˣҸ㣡û˵˵۳Ŷʮˣȴ߶ǣǸӦͬ꣬ʺһʣȴѾƷˣôһ㶼żҪļҵ˲𣡡
ĵĺķһͷۻ˵ķҲֻܰԿЦܹٴԼϤĴɤţķһƬů⡣
ٺ٣λ̫ɲá˵ˣѵܹôҲҿڣһͨ̫ԩЩ
ķһЦ˵ţͬʱֱǰյĵֻ˳ƾͷĵļϣȻİѹ
ķӦ̫ϣʹĶʱ˵
ʲô
ôԼСӡԼʾȣ
̫Ǵ߳ˣ


008 ʱ
żϴıѹʣһɡ
ΪӡУķһʱ򣬾ʹսսҲҳһڵġ
˵󷽷ķӦˣֻǸĽķûǸӡ
һʱЩãȻ
Ȼ벻ͨķǾ仰͸ŵĶǰδеȾԭǻһӱɢ˴롣
֮ĸ飬ȻеʱӲȴԶȱӦеȳϡ
ĵҲĻЩڼǾãȻ츳ʣǣҲġļҶҶдƾЩµЩ飬ô˼ң㰡һúúõϧˣҩţȥǵóкô
һ˵ţһߴԼóһʯӣֻаƴСǾ¡
ķͣ˰ѹļľٶֽӹ˺ӣ򿪺󣬱㿴һöɫСҩ谲ںӵС
컯
ķüëһ⡢·ⵤҩֻǵ̯һı飬ͷůȻֱӽ·Żϡ
ɻ̬Уķָָϰŵһ飬ЦеؿڵȻǳеĶҿɲҪ˶˳ĲóԺһЩϵ̬ƫңļɾǴ鷳ˡ
ķȻ˵ôһĸˡ
˵ķչѹ򣬻пֻǳһӶԸױܵΪĻôôһʵûκοԽ͵ĵطˡ
ĵӡУķô£ҲȥνĳԼ֮Ĺϵ
οķղžǻһ۱ϳ컯
컯ȻֻǺ׵ĵҩ䱾ܵԼƵʣһޱȵϡ١
Ƿڣܹһϳ컯ģҲֻȼλҩʦѡ
Լ˶ӡʲôʱݱˣ
ʶ컯Ƿ֪컯ʲôЧ
һ˼ıŤͷԼԾվûվĶӣʵ
Ȼ컯ȻֻǺ׵ĵҩȴһȫʵ̷ֱӽߵУֻ컯ĳɹͣԵͶɱܹγɵЧȫɱֵҩһ򺱼
ķ˵ͬʱȻִǷ飬ϸؿһ顣
ݺܼ򵥣ҲΪºͣмȴ͸һɲɵ̬ȣʵ˿ԺЩ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪö컯øѾʮˣȴûͻƵߣĻⱲӾͱΪˣڳǱߣ㲻õģȻǿ󣬵ļңҲʲôӡ
ĴԼվķûʾֱǷľٶĵһĨɫıɴһ˵ŻһⲽӵĻԣĿռֱȫķ
컯һźţзģ˼ֻзŻֵҩǷ𣿲ҿţԲҪ⡣ٺ٣ұ֤죬ͻƵ߸Σ
ķΪŵԴʣԭѾ˵Ļٴ̲ס
ţʮ껹ûгΪߵӵĹʺţͻƵߣɹĻӣ궼ɲߣ
пϣһӣȴƫƫһνķٴ̲ס
Լˣ˶Ӹղ֮˵ǷȫΪǿԴԸ񣡸Լġ¡ûжϵ
ԼղžȻ˶Ӳһ˿ڴΪԼ˶һҹʼˣ
ԼôֿЦ뷨
ô˵أЩ飬ǰȴˡҼȻѾʧôˣôھٶʲôϵأ
ķ˸ĵŭûбֳκκµеӵϺ˵
Ĳɵ˳ĬȻΪķȻǸˣȴֲòĬĬĳϣķǰȣȷȷʵʵ˼Ĳͬ
Ҳķôһ˿ڴ
ǰķʱ򣬻ĺ޾ɫ٩٩̸
Լ˶ӣƺѾЩĪı仯
뵽˿ãΪޣ㻹ûгΪߣͰ컯ҳˡ
û⣬ǱΪģ
ķ˵ͷֱߵĵǰԼ֡
ĵɫʱޱȾʣķ֡
˵һЩ棬λٲǺųʮ겻ô컯󣿡
ķЦʵ
ߣֲֻһλ٣ȻҲֻļҲС
û˵
˵ʵķЩΣЦǼ⣬΢΢ǷȻѾ˶ģҾȻȥץʱˡʱڣĳߣϣʱܴӦһҪ󡣡
ķһı飬ĺǲӦʶı˵ͷ
ֱķת˷䣬ŻعɫŹֵؿŷſڣȴǶ
˶Ȼôһ棿ղһ˲䣬Ĳĳŷô£


009 ѣһɳ
»صԺķһʱߵһֱȺϹܼǰɫ˳Ϲܼң΢ЦſڵڵˣҪһЩȽϡҩһֵҩҩ£ֵõҴﵽߵĲ֮ܿʼСڼҪģĵصȴʱ䣬Ӧòᳬ졣
ϹܼƺҪѯʵӣķֱӻֹ˵֪кܶʣЩʣԺٸ͡ңЩкǰݣϣұܡ˸⣬Ҫκ֪
˵꣬ķˬʵһЦֱӳԺȥȥӰȻЩѵζ
ϹܼؿţһʱЩʧ
ȴǸպôĽ
ٴؿķѾҪʧԺſڵӰϹܼӣӡ
ķڳԺ֮󣬼˫ֱ󣬹һεİֲ
֮ǰԺʱȣͷ·ȫͬһ㡣
ڵ˵ӰܼӵıһǳαװܹλαӴͼ֧λ˼С
ΨˣԷһЩŻ᲻ôŷлˮ㣬ĸ׽λ羿һˣؽЩΣյķ
ͬʱķֱ뱣̵֤Уܹõ׵ľΣ¶ĿıĿ޴̸ŻϹܼҺĸʱչ¶â
δСʣһټļҲˡ
ǰʵЩҪȥľݣԱͨԺеļ䣬ȷϼĽǡǲҵžжõʱ䣡
һﵼ˼屻ŵöָʱϴţ޷ٳΪеĵķΪļܹ˱ܿǳѡ
ܶ¼ķıȻԡ
Ҳôˣˡ
һҪǣ뾡ʵȥʮɱǳƬϣȭͷԶȵ
ķĬĬŵͬʱʼչǷЦݣݼԼǸӣؽűɫݳ
ķ˵ʲô£Ϊ֯ɱ֣ܹʱԼαװκһض
ʮɱģѾķѲĥĳּ£Ĳ䣬ڳ׵ʧȻˡ
塢ʿо䣬ֻҪķԸ⣬ΩΩФĻС

ʱļڣ˫ﻺⲽһüͷģƺ˼ʲô
ϹܼǰĹվһԣͬһƬĬӰ
ܲûз֣϶ȡƺЩͬ
֮ͣס˽ŲŤͷŽϹܼңʵ
Ϲܼ΢΢Ƿ˶ٺ󣬻дֹͥʮ겻ɲǹʲѡһˣѡһɳ졣
Ķʱסû뵽Ϲܼҵôһۡ
ҪΪ̫λܼҵ۹⾿жߣ
ļ£ֱϵϵԼۺͼʿһǧˣЩܹõϹܼ۵ģָ
ܹļҼ֮λҲȫΪϹܼڵʱļʸ̳м֮λΨΪǿɿ͡
򵥵һĵĸ֮ʣԥ˾
ĵʱͷϻλľ֮λҲϵġ
ЩĶϹܼʼмӣֻϹܼһֱ֮ûκԽΪ
ܲۡ᲻̫˵㣿СЩжôˣǶ竵ĳ̶ȣҪϵڶ;ûϵһ⡭ôװİ
ĳº󿪿˵
׶ӱϹܼۣǿģЩʵվҪȥӡ
ԺȺʱ򣬰Źȥʶү֮ǰЩʲôõķǣү֮ǰ·˰԰Ȼ󡭡ֱ԰һֱ԰Ĺڽ콫԰ȫЩйڰ԰Ŀȥˡ
Ϲܼƽ˵
üëһʲô
Ƕ԰ǼĿУΪҵģΪǼΨһڶүȻкܶ߰ĶСүһеķҪŪôһ԰һն
ϹܼǷǷ˵
˼ǡ
գգ۾˿ܰɣСӻļƣܲҲ㣬ʵ²ݣ̫˼СЩΪҪˣҲ˶֮Ӭʲôô
ĵѯʣϹܼҵԺȴǲĸ˷ķ뿪ʱѱӰ
һӲİܼӡôֹܾ߳û֮
ԭ֮ǰЩɻ󲻽Ϲܼңʱȴź֮ĽԺнһΪ硣
һ
Ϲܼԭǵ˫΢΢һεҡҡͷ
ķķǰ˶ƭȥ˰
ΪϹܼҿЦ˵룬ڶү˵ܹƽƽĻڣĺô
ĶʱٴüͷȻϹܼҵ˼ֻǶϹܼҵжϣš
ˣ²ᡣ϶Ȼ˺õı仯Ҳԭ򣬶ֵùġɣܲѪ̸ңҲˣϻǱһȥ˵ͨԼı£Ѫ̶ĸЧңҲŻСȷʵز©
ĳ˼һ˾
ǣ


010 ߣ
ķ»صԼԺʱŶʵʵլ⡣
ҶȻȴûмլţǰľԺ趯š
һƷʦҶȻֽǳѤÿϧķҲֻǺÿѡ
̫࣬ע·׽ʵսЧۿۡ
Ͼս֮Уֲܸһһ۵ĹУڷӵ·ܶʱ򷴶һЩֱӵļá
Ȼӹ͵ĽǶĻ׽軹Ƿǳġ
ֻҪ轣ҶȻôʲôķ㶼Ǻÿġ
վԺſڿ˺һĹҶȻ佣սϢһȻʦϲá
žžž
ķЦִԺſ˽
ҶȻŷķ֪ʱѾˣԭŵЦ˲ʧȴҲĮֻԵЩӲ
ƺҪԼıһЩȴڲϰ߶û˿ĲȻ
ôҵø˵лл
ҶȻߵԼǰķ˿ƽ˵
ٺ٣һ˲˵һ֮Ͳôˡ
ķЩ٬ƺһЩĪ
Ƿڽʦ֮ǰķ˵ҶȻǿ϶ᶯֽѵġ
ȻڣҶȻȴֻüϰȵɣҪȥϤ½ٹ
ϤһҲãʦȫͬĸղѽ衭Ͳٻʲô˼ˡǺ׵似ʵսЧ˵ѽȺܶһ׵似Ҳǿ١⽲۵似ûκ壬ϾսǱݡ
ķ˵ͷЦе˵
ҶȻܵıҪڲķȻķϵЦݣԺͬʱȻĻ֮ǰķͻƿʱĻ棬֪ΪʲôѾߵĻȴӲסˡ
ҧ촽ҶȻ˵ͷ˵֪ˣҲᱣܣ˵ģֻ֪
˵꣬ҶȻתԺȥϵı龡ɱ䣬ϸ۲ĻܹǲʵѾҪڻļ
ķͨ˫ֵĽӴֱӰ߽ʦҪĶĸʵ̫ס
ҶȻϢһȥˡ
ŵ˵ǬܶסУ˵ССļˡ
һķķָʱϸ˼⡣
ķ϶չֳֳΣʵܵ˲СĴ
ûǷ֮ܣǧҪ˵˸ںʵ׺似ΪȻҲ׼ķţȻʲôõˡ
ķ٬ҶȻٴθһ˿ŭ
һҶȻͷҲصĿ첽ʧԺſڡ
ķǺٺЦţԺſڴڣΪõһߺСһ߽Լլӡ
ȻҶȻ̬ɺо룬ӷŵһжڳźõķת䡣
ķżֶԽǾʱķͣԽܹų˵ζ
׷Ḻ́ͬһܡ
үʲô¶ôİ
ŶķҲլӣʵ
ٺ٣̣һһĳΪ̣˵¶ֵֵүҸ˰
ķŶͷֺǺǵ˵
⻰˵еƿڣŶȻҡҡͷʾԼû
ǸѾͷˣԼȥɣүҪ˯ⲻˡ
ķ˸ۣ˵ͬʱ˸һεĳȥ
Ŷʱһ˵˾ллүȻѸٵܳլӣլӵĴš
ʮṴ̊ͣټŶļ֮ȻǩԼȴЩͬļҼūͬŶǩǻ
ԾǮҪһЩ˵ҲɣٲЩūʱʱ̵̿ĸӵߡ
ķֱԼңȻϥ˴ϡ
ȻҪ˯Ǵʱ䣬ֱӽΪߣ
ؾߡʦڡʡ𣬷ֱӦģѪƤ⡢ǡอֱϢϴ裬ͨﷲ֮ϡ
ķʱǳȴӰߵĽʵϣҲؾΨһҪʲôԴﵽľ硣
ҪΪߣΨһҪ󣬱һģĸ
һɹΪߣѪȻ֮ʢͬʱ״̬Ľͨ˵ɱ
ʱȥ壬ɽ°빦
ķϥ΢΢˫ۣʱ뵽һΪ״̬С
Ѿﵽ˷˼޵ĳ̶ȣķոձ˫ۣϢֱȫΧĻΪһ壡
ͨ˫ȥֻǸоĻ˭Ҳ֣ᷢⴲϴʱȻһˣ
ͬʱķҲڱ˫ۺĵһʱ䣬ڱڶԪߵĽ
ˣķھϵһ·һֱﵽ˾Ʒߵ׼֮󣬲ƶͣ
Ҫñ֪ķߵĹ̾˵ļֱӣµþһص°͡
һƷߵ壬ȴӵžƷߵĹ¶Ҫóȥ˵Ļٷ֮ٲţ
˫ۣķȭڲķ·СһζҪ壬ķһЦʱȷԼӦķؼˣ


011 ˲
ؾҪ磬ͱӵ㹻ǿԼӦĶĸ
һ֮˵ʵǿܵӰ⣬еؼҲͬռžصĵλ
Ʒ׵ؼһ֮˵ʵսǷǳŵġ
ͬʱ˵֮˵ؼҪҪһЩ
ͬƷ׵ؼȣԶ֮˵ʵȸҲ޷ı֮˵ֹ
Ͼ
ǿпܱߣѧؼԶԼġ
ǸǳǳԵĵ
ÿһ֮ڽΪ֮󣬶ҪѡȡʺԼؼѧϰ
Ʒ׵ؼҲ׵õһ׺Ͷ׵ؼûзĳ֣ҲȫôֵĻɫ
ͬƷ׵ؼԶûͬƷ׵ǰϡС
ؼַΪķؼͼؼ
֮Ĺϵ൱֮֫ķֱκμؼʩչĹУ֮˴Ԫģģķؼ֧š
ؼͨʽ֮ڵԪܴı
ķؼǴԪͬʱ֮˵ͣĽиŻ
ǶķؼȻҲҪȼؼҪ
ΪķؼǺģΨһʣ񼼷ؼԹ档
ÿһֻ֮ҪԸ⣬ȥѧϰָļؼķؼһ޷ģҪķؼ뽫ԭѧķؼȫϵɴ˶ɵˣпһŵΪͷβķ
κһ֮˶ķؼѡһ֮顣
ķһķؼļ洫׻ƾű䡣
׻ƾűƷ׸ߴŽףǬķؼ
ֻλڴǬǵļұңűɵ׻ƾű䣬ЩλڴǬݿڵļҷ֧ȫֻӵвֵݡ
ļңʹеļҷ֧Ҳֻελϣе׻ƾűݣֻѡ
һҪƷ׵Ļϱֻ൱ں׵ĲΡ
ɾҪֻһ׻ƾű䣬Ҳļյ˲ʸ񣬷֮ˣ۶Լ幱׶󣬶׻ƾű䡣
ڼ˵ǴС
ԺвȻĻԼһ׻ƾűЩҹҹķ̲סһȣ˿Ϊ˷ܡ
Ϊڳɹͻ˲䣬ϵöָԺ͹һķؼ
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ȻƷδֻ֪ٲֵݣķͿȷһ׻ƾűǿĶķ
ͷ˲ȣ׻ƾű䶥ֻǵ̯
ȻʱķѾﵽľ磬Ҫ˲ͱ볹׵ķϵڵ׻ƾű䡣
ѡһľΪҲؽ֮ΪɻҡкܴĿܣ˶ֱӱϵҲ޷Ϊޣ
ʱķʵû
˶ˣһӵУῪʼʧȥ
ڵȴȫҪⷽĵģոսΪߣھһŸɸɾİֽ
ķ˷ܣ˿󣬱Ժл˲ȫ
Ʒδ֪ķ˲ӡ̣ķÿһֶεļԺС
ķͷݣķԪԷǳص·ھУԪлγһض·ߣͬӡһ㣬̺ʹ࣬ԪҲĴ
κķ뾭·ػһ
ûתһ죬ķͷԼڵԪѾҪݽߣҲбƣ
ҧҧķûоʹֹͣǼάš
˲ķصᵽһ㣬ķڣӦþܵÿһĹĵڵÿһԪ
̻ǳʹ࣬ĴԼĽȶž޴ĺô
ǿмתһ죬ڵԪҲǸպ˸ɸɾ
ķ˫ۣصĴŵ¿Ѿ˹ĺˮʪ
쳣ƣԪһ죬ÿһ缡ⶼޱȵʹ̰ͬʹͬĿ顣
֮ԵģȴķڵอٺʱȫһŻȵϢ
оޱ屾ʹγĶԱȡ
˲ͷĺˮķ˴Щѵİϵ¿ȫִӷڵĳһ׸ɾ·»ϣŸоһЩ
˲ȷʵ棬ǵһŸոתһѣϸ˵˲ûš
ķŴʱǿݽߺһһ۳ԪȴֵʵĽǶȥĻڵԪʱѾﵽһƷ״̬µ۷ֵ
ĻЩļ
ֱǲ˼飡Ҫ֪ķͨ׻ƾűﵽƷ߾ʱԪڵһ룡
֮˾ԪûֱӵĹϵǺʵǣԪ֮˵ʵǿŷǳֱӵӰ졣
˲ʲôƷ׵ķѵǴ˵еͭ
Ǹṩ˷˲ԼȫƿĽָأʲôƷ׵
ķһ˼ţһʶĵͷԼָϵĽָͬʱլȴŵ


012 Ѫ
Ϊͻأķַ״̬о˹
˫Լգķϱ¹Цݡ
ƵſڣլӵĴţţϹܼҺӳķǰ
ܹܼңǡ
ķЩ⣬Ϲܼϡ
үѪ̴㣬ӽ쿪ʼǽ֤İȫ
Ϲܼ΢΢Ƿ˵
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ķͫ΢΢£ؿϹܼһۣźٺЦˣҵû뵽׻ô󷽣ȻøѪ̡ûǴĻļҵĹأȻѪ̸ҵİȫôӴԺǾר˰ɣҲûȨٰǵߣ
չȷʵˣүԷġ
ϹܼҹĻش
ãˣҲǸպãԵ£ҴҸס
ķ˵ţѾתߵլӿǰϰŵıīԱкõĺһֽϳһųȻٵд
ϹܼҲķҪʲôֻǿķдĶϹܼҵȴĸһ˿ɻ̬
Ȼɻ̬˼ӵʱ䣬ֱӱ𾪵ıȡ
Ϲܼ˲ɴ۾ԭʼ΢΢ŵҲǱܵȫվֱ˫һֲ˼ζ
ʲôүˣ
ⲻܰ
ղլԺʱ򣬶үֻһ׼ͨˣ
ôһĹôͻȻˣ
Ǻˮɡͨ˽Ҳô̵ʱɲŶ԰
ĳºķѸ켸ҹʱ䶼ţ
ڡүдʱֳϢһƷߵϢ
Լῴǡôģ
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ܿ죬ķԼдḶ́תīδɵֽЦеĽֽݵϹܼҵǰ
úˣֽҸס֮ǰʱҺģʱܹɹͻƳΪߣҪӦһҪѾˣȻӮģֽϵĶҵҪ󡣡
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һֱκʱܹȻ֮ϹܼҾȻҲʧ̬Ѫ̲Ķһۡ
ǵȻүţ߶ѣͻȻͳԷˮһ򵥡
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ֽҪ֮ǰҴӦ飬ЩҩΪԭϣͿԸ㶨ˡ
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˵ޣѪȻû
Ϲֽܼȴķ仰̲ס£ЩƲסĽŴֱֽ˺١
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ؿķһۺϹܼޱ˵лү
Ϊļ˼ʮ꣬ӦõõġЩҩĵĵȡҪЩʱ䣬׼֮ҾֿʼΪơ
ķ˵
Ϲܼûٶ˵ʲôֻǳķһȻתȥ
ԭŵӣͦɣ
ϹܼҵӰʧԺſڣķŤͷʼվԭصѪ̣գգ۾ȻһЦãͷмҪȥ

ļڣһ𾪵ĴԼǰȻǰֶϹܼңǲ˼ؽе˵ʲôСѾΪˣ⡭ôܣ
Ҳʵ޷顣
ϹܼҿЦ˵
ʲôЦСӴ뿪ڣҲԲʱȻͻƳΪߣҪݾž޵ʣֺڵڲͻƣ
ȻõϹܼҿ϶Ĵ𸴣ȴޱȵĻɡ
ͬʱַǳϹܼҲ˵ѣҲȫûκıҪ
ʵĻʵҲʵ̫˰ɣ
ô£
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ҪҪЩҩʲô
һŵʺţֻýķʵΪİԺйеӡȫɵһ㡣
Ҳүֻҽֽ
ϹܼǷش
оֵ鲢κ֪޹غֻƭΪںܶ˵֪̫࣬һ¡
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ðɡȻмҩıȽϡУҪҲ󣬼ػ󲿷֡ûеģҵȨȥﹺˣһʱ䣬ҲͲ඼׼ˡ
ĦԼ°ͣ˵¿Ϲܼ˵ܲʱ鷳ҶජŵСˣκ飬Ҫ޾ϸ֪ҵҪСӵνĲѡһɳ죬ǽ˸ʽں֣
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013 һӮĶľ
峿ĵһ͸ůķԷԭİԷ˸ͨ͸
Ȼϥڴһû˯ķɺˬ˸Ȼ󻺻˫ۡ
ЩӲĹžžķĵһǲûΪҹδ߶ƣĸо
֮Ҫ˯ߣΪ˻ָʹԵƣԼģ֮˵ķֻҪ죬ôһͬЧ
ͬǣ˯ߵḺ́һܣͨķȥָȴҪޱȵʹ࣡
Ȼ֮˶ǳ˯ߵʱʵȫԽʡķķʽΪܹģȻǷëǣ
Щ˿Լּ졢һ¡һ꣬Ȼ֮ԺĽֽڿްھȴ쿪
裬һԡ
һķǱŵĲ̼϶Ҳ޷һֱ
ڵ˺ּȫΪķϰߺͱܡ
˲Ҳȷʵ棬һϵȻֻķܹתһĳ̶ȣһܰңڵԪʵȴǴﵽһƷߵ
Ԫ˵Ѿﵽ˶Ʒ۷Ĳˣ
ƫƫķľ磬ȴȻֻͣһƷ
ԷѾڿ￪ʼڷŵŶķЦеĴ˸кȻŶ£һ͡
ŶһʼΪһ󣬷ķȫûǰֽᣬ˺ºͣŶ𽥵ıҲ
Ҫʱ챻ϹܼҴѪ̲˽
һѪ̽һ˱һĶ˫ֵݵķǰķ˹ȥſڵүҪĶҺѪҹ˳еص棬ȻЩصġÿһʺǰ԰йصĿ˳ˡ
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ȻѪѾھȴûӹķĶ䡣
Ĺ۲һɱҪ߱Ļ
ķĿ̧ۿǰѪֿ̣˿վſڵѪ̣ЦſڵôˣǲǾΪǿȴȥ͵飬˵ʵһ裿ǾҸûиӦеأ
վķǰѪ΢΢һϣϵıҲ֮ɶ¡
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ֻ˵ңȴ˵ûУǾ͵Ҳµûˡ
ķһ˵ţһվе˱ӸһԵŶ˫΢е¿Ѫ̡
Ѫͬʱ΢΢ͷȴûпұ⣬ֻǰڳһĬϵļƣĿ顣
治֪ЩĪĽǴģֻʦѣһ;϶ǳžͽʲôϣͬ׾ԵĽʦһȺʲôǰԳƴʦȻһҪõνʦغʹǲܿЦѹһֻʦܼб˴Դ㾡һеĽȴ޷һڣ̬˵ΪΪʦͺ˲һȺİ׳գ
ķȻƽͣȴޱȵļ
Ѫ̶ʱıɫ⻰ʵ˵̫أǼܶǱֳ̬ȡ
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վſڵѪֱѪӵķӦһæǰѪӡ
Ȼķ˵Ļǳ֣ѪҲͬޱȵķŭķվļү
Ѫ̵ĵλļҷǳ⣬ȴζȨ·ϡ
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ķ΢۾ѪӣЦ˵
ķӦǳѪֵ֮⣬ԭķӦûѪӵðȻŭŶԣϾλүɲʲôƢ
ʲôңʲô
ѪӹŲ˵
ķûнѪҲͲֹѪӣֻЩؿķ²λвѧĶүڴʲô⡣
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ѪӻΪķҪԻشࡣ
ķΪĵ˵ͷЦſڵĵݺܼ򵥣µʱ䣬ȫҵҪȥѵ֮ұ֤ܹﵽƷʦĲΣﵽ˾ƷʦĲΣǾӮˣҲ֤Ҷǵ۲ƫġȻºûдﵽƷʦˣһΪҵԴʣǱϿҵǸ⡣
Ʒʦ£
ѪӾ㵵ؿķԼĶһǳ⣬ҪȻǰλүӳ⣡
ѪҲŴͣؿķû뵽Ȼôһԡ
ⲻܣһӶ޷ƷʦƷʦҺԼʣȥһܹﵽǸΣʱ䣬Բ£ʮ궼ϣã
Ѫҡͷ˵
ܲﵽƷʦҵ顣ֻҪңҲҴľˡ
ķѪӣļ˵ҺѣҲ֪Լ˵ʲôǲҪַ·𿴷һңңһǲң
ߣҴӦעȵºûдﵽƷʦҲвרġΪĽΪڣԼ
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ӦþķĴ㣬治ɵöķǱġ
ģһô޳ܣͬҲỳѪ̵ҳϺƷֻҪӦôµʱһһ˿ҵҪһ㣬㲻õġ
Ѫȫû뵽ķȻһشºķϷʵ̲סҧͷ˵ľͶģ
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ź
ѪӺѪֶһۣһȻɫĵ˵ͷ


014 ı
Ѫ̵̬仯ķȻǿģҲµܹµѪ̵ľ뷨ֻǶֻɺͲΣķ⡣
Ϊķ˵ѪԽǶʾɣȵʱޣӮ˶ľ֮󣬲ĽѪɵ𺳾ͻԽ
𺳣Ѫ޷ԼŵӰ£Ũĸ˳ݣ
кѪһ緹ŶʰĹķٴγֽٵдһϵеҩƺ󣬱ݸʰӵŶ
ԸŶȥ֧ⷿȡ
ЩҩĶǱȽϳģϡм;㷺ڸС峣Ķ㹻Ȩ֧ȡСķ
һҩĵ֧ȡĿҲǳȷķҪЩҩһõҺ塣
书ЧܹٶȶڶǿԱߵϲҪ̫õʱ䡣
ʱ䡭ʵЩȡ
ŶֽȥķַԸѪȥ֮ǰ԰ܣҪܽӦŰ԰ЩܵĿл㱨
ֱѪҲ뿪լӣķһڿ˳˼
ĽŶֽϵȥҲ˵ǰû˹עı˼£ҲֽܽͨϵЩƳͬҩҺ
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ͬҩģҩʦܹӳޱĹЧһЩ˵ֻͬӲһ㡣
ķȻǳԼһֵľ
ҪΪɱĴڣѧЩɱ˺ͲļԶԶġ
ɱеĻ߱߱κһʱԼαװκһݵ
ķһֱΪɱ֣ν˲ô򵥣֮ȫţ
ǰ֮£ķԼʮɱУѧ׿ԽսɣͬʱҲѧҩģԼ죡
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Ͻָķ˼ѧϰЩĹУķ֪ƿΪ
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һѾŲУЩصڽļʱɳϰʦ⣬ɳڣ
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ͨɵԼߵѪ̣һһĶѪγӰ죬дȵǵʵǵǰõİ취
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ѪһһҵЮ£԰ĹЩı󱾺ĿŽ˿
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԰Ĺ϶ĵЦݣǰ󱾺ĿСİڷķԵĲ輸ϣȻʵʵ˼ֶ
үҪĿˣ԰ǰһֱڣеĻϸһӦȫûκ©
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Ҫ֪ڴǬĽΧڣ֮ͨһĻᳬʮ
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Ҳ˵ǮȫӶƷʦĻԹӶʮƷʦһʱ䣡
ܹļҵǰӵеʵٷ֮ʮ
ڡЩǮһֻЩƨûеĶ⣬һǱ˰̰ī
ӿɺ޵ǣеЩӣȫҪ㵽ͷϣ
ô͵͵ߣڹȴ԰⣬ȻԤģҪصö࣡
ķȥĥϸˣֱӽ˱Ż˲輸ϺޱĿǰֶĹ£Ц˵һֱ֪ĵӺܴȴʵû뵽ĵӾȻôǧ˻֣ȻҲøҿѪӣϳȥȴһٴ壡Ժүô£

»Ȼ̧ͷһŵĿķûڣѪȴѾӦһȻֱסĲӣСһİլӡ
үԩ˽̣ЩǮǸģҿǶҲûд̺ô
լ⴫˽ķȴǳţָֻŲ輸ϵĿͬǰѪ˵һЩϸ֮ǰǸҵЩĿȶ£һЩȽϴľС
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ѪִӦһ


015 Ϸȫƾݼ
լԺܿ¸߿Ĳҽ
ڴǬĽڣеĸŴﶼ洦ִмҷİԼߡ
ǩԼʹӣǻּܵҷֻԼκμҷִֻУֻҪûǣ⣬ٷϲ롣
Ȼ⣬ֻҪûϸ棬ٷҲͬᡣ
˭Ҳû£ԼԼҲʹ졣
ЩŴ˽Ǻܳ顣
ǬɷУݵĺĲ֣άϵȨԼȨײ档
Ҫ֤ͳεȶ⣬õķʽɾΪģ֯һ޴ġ໥ɷָȦӡ
ֻҪڵĵطȻͻֲݻĽײ졣
Ǻġ
ķڰѪֺ󣬱ҲլӣվڲԶĵطۿѪӶ˽̡
ڱӵͬʱһ߲ҽһͬķµģҡ
ȻķȴԴûκεķӦֻޱһԿš
µ˽̵ҲûгãһŸմ˶ʮӵʱĿѾ첽ԺӵС
ûǳ壡
һֱļڶֵúĶŵĿȻûϵķȻ˵ļ򵥴ֱʱɫЩܻ
ס֣ͣ£ô£ΪʲôᴫҽеԶĶ
ոճԺӵĵһʱ䣬ĿͿԺӽɫɵĸѿ
ﱻİӵĲλѾ˴ƬѪۣĴֲ϶ְӵĻΪ㡣
ѪӲûжʦֻǵͨ˵ķʽڽ̷һٰʵˣﲻҲƱҪø³
ʱȻֻ˶ʮӣȴѾ촽ϣû˿Ѫɫ˱ĵʹĥЩɢ
Ϊ£ļҵʹҲݵˣοĿߣƽʱȻ㲻ݻȴҲԳƵףֺܹĿࡣ
ܵˣʹĳȻԶͨˡ
ѪĿĵһʱѾ֣ͣķ΢΢۾ЦǺǵǷ磬ϵģôпܵʲô𣿡
ûʲô£ֻԺԹⲻǰ԰ʲôҪͽ
Ŀװһ֪üʵ˵·ȫƵġ
ͽ˶ѣҪʲôɣ
ķһƲ죬Цȥ󣬿Щˬ˵
ܣļһԿμңԴˣһֱй͡йŷûκɵģֻƾԼϲñ˽гʹǲ̫ˣ
Ŀѵ
ʲôֻƾԼϲã
ķһӸ۾Ŀ
ͬβ͵èһŭ磡㲻֪һжɶҰѰ԰ţǶΣһأôرεģ԰һʱ䣬֪ҵ廨˶Ǯȥǧҵ׳𣡡
Ŀ΢΢һŤͷ˲һۣĿ˸º󣬿ʵôỨȥôࣿ
ô֪
ķǷػ˻Լ˫֡
ûĿ𣿲ܻ˶ǮĿܸеİɣĻĿϿ϶ֵܹĳǡ
Ŀ͸Źĵɫֻ۽ĵطܹôһ˿ɡ
ȿȡĿȷʵС
ķЩεͷ
ǲ˾ˡֻҪĿ⣬Ȼ֤⣬ʱٳʹ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
Ŀһ˵
磡ֲǲ֪ôܿöЩĿǿҲ֪ǧĿ϶⣡һʲôֽб˽ң
ķǲؽе
ܣɲУֻԼĲ²⣬ûȷ֤ݣ²㲻ܳΪͽ˵ɡڼǾԲġ
Ŀ֣µ˵
Ҳܣʲôƨ֤ݣҵĲ²֤ݣңһٰȥû֤ݣҲֻ֤˶ɱһӰ٣ЧȣѪӣ㻹վǸҴ򣡡
ķɫһ壬ֱˣ
үүȾҰүҪΪҡԩ
ԭĿԺɫ΢Щתʱһܲ˵Ĵɥ
ĿȻѪӼֱ֣Ѫӵǰͬʱķǲ˵ܣ水˵ģǳˣǱ飬Ȼ㣬ʵ̫ƣ¶ҪһأҲҪһ޶ȣҾֻܽ볤ϻвþˣ»Ǿô˰ɡ
Ȼô˵ţʵĿȴޱȵķܹȥ
Ψˣ֮ܽ鳹ִ󣬼̶ӱĴķļڵ
ˣƾʲôˣ볤ϻ볤ϻᣡҲŲ
ķ·ûһ㣬ĿĻͺ˳
ȻĿһϲԼ˽ӳ嶯ĵܵܣֻ֪Ҫ΢һЩ㲻ﲻĿģ
Ȼô룬ȴ˿ûбֳķЩ߳ŭӣĿ״εҡҡͷһ̾˿һ߸
ŭݵķ˵ȻˣʹȥٿϻᣬܣʵǶЩʧ
ߣ
ķĻشһߣֻеɫζ
ĿٴҡҡͷŷתԺȥ
תĵһʱ䣬Ŀϱ㸡˿Цݡ
ͬʱķϵŭɫҲȫһĨЦȡ
Ϸȫƾݼ


016 Ϊ
һֱĿĿԺӺķŤͷͬԵѪ˵ٿϻҪһЩ̵̣һЩʱ䣬ſյݺѪһ𣬶һЩĿ֮ϴĿ
ķĿ֮۵ʱѪʼ۹۱ǱǹĵĴֶ˰ͬľ׮һ㡣
ʱķķԸѪ̧ͷɫŹֵؿķһۣȴվûжʲô
شӦһ󣬱תլ֮ڡ
ڽһոջʱѪӵ̬ȴѾһЩ仯
仯ԣѾ㹻ķ⡣
ӵҪõһ˶㷢ĵͬչһѭ򽥽Ĺ̡
ķӡУڻԣѪ̴Լڵκ˱ֳ˿ϵ
̬ϲôԵı仯ʵѾΪѵá
վԺչ壬ߵļԶѾȫ̫ķΪˬ
ȻڵǳСѾһΪĿˡ
һ˵ֱһľ롣
ķǳһУܹﵽĳ̶ȣʵѾļޣ
ӵؽָҲˣûκƿһʵ̫ͣټеļڲͻƵĹУɱĳһЩ
ЩƽʱһҪʱ򣬱ΪĪ谭
ûнָĻ˵𣬼ڵľ磬ܴﵽ
ڣһ⣬ȻѾȫɢ
ķؼ޷˲ͻʱµĻۺĿƿֲ
ķһǼʮҲδܹһƷߵʱ򣬾ӵԪԼ򣬲Եġûдﵽޣ
ķһʱܹó˲ǼΪǿķؼҲʵû뵽侹˷˼ЧķһʱκԥҲ˼ȴûѡޡ
ҺãһεĻᣬһж
ķĬĬпŵʱҶȻԺӡ
죬ҶȻɫԵ࣬ɹʦҲҶȻһɨյ
ԭɫ߻գʱų˶ĿĹʣǶ̫֮£·ҲΪ֮Ȼʧɫ
ֻôһ˲ĹķоԼ٣Ҳ΢΢Щ١
ǿܿסֱܵ仯¹ƣЦݣԺӵҶȻĻ˻֡
ʲôˣղ·磬һļҵĹķߡҵʱ򣬻ȰȰ㣬˵ֻҪԸϿҵĳϴ㻹תءһϻٿκκô
ҶȻߵķǰʵķֳ飬ֱѡӡ
ϵıһ䵭ȴ͸ôһӹĵζ
ûʲôֻǽѵһĹѡλĿأҲϣھȥϴҪ̼ͨңҸӵķŭʱǻɵĲκνȻˣȻ㲻ǰͷκ飬ҲֻǿӲ
ķٺЦָָԼļ˵ԼİŮǰܻޱȵĿûκӡ
ú˵
ҶȻûĵķһۣǳ
ķɫһڳһ˾ӵģ
ҶȻ˸ۣǿɰüͷڵ˼ǡ㣿ǲˣȻҺӴĺ٣Ҹ˵ӡ˵ɱҪɿĶࡣ
ҡα棬ǵ˫ܹĶ϶ǱϣȥġǾ˷ԼαװģʵȥԶ
ķһ˵
ҶȻǲؿ˿ķȵ㾹Ȼ˵ôȵĻ
ǲǺܲһֱҵӡ㿴ǡñ֤˵ġҵӡȫһֱϣչֳӡӣʵ֮䣬ʵûκιϵ
ķǵ˵
ҶȻ촽գ۾Щɻʵǡ˵ģԭʲôκķҪӦǰǡ
ԭ
ķҶȻһԻӣβϵıһʱЩء
ҶȻʱΪķҪ˵ʲôļҵءҶȻķʶס˺
ҶȻ峺ķ˿ޱġһһ˵ΪҰ㣡
ʲô
ҶȻֱ˵ԺҶȻŭ
ķʵΪʲôҪԭ򣡲ΪʲôҪֵ˲ԭ򣡡


017 仯
ҶȻĴ󣬵ķǳǣΪŭֳĸ߿⣬ҶȻûκҪһֵļ
ڴǰǸĽ
֤ҶȻ̬Ѿȫ
ҶȻƢһʹ϶ٲ˵ġ
ķӡУһԼʶҶȻǼʵûٳԹⷽĿͷ
κҶȻõʱķûκεĵֿ֪£ʱķҲͬ˻ķɶһ㣬ʼռᶨƵĶҶȻųϵɧš
ķļҶȻᣬӦѾĳּµ״̬
ҪԼҶȻԺγɵָٹ̵ӡȫŤתʵضԶ
Ȼķ˵׷Ḻ́ҲһĪҸ
ҶȻŭĺУķЦһӻլ
ʱվԺҶȻŻȻعķôһƴڻĺ˵˵ֱӱתעԭҪѯķʲô뷨Ҳûʵ֡
ļһ
ҶȻլӵĴҧҧ촽ȴʵô˼׷ȥѯʡ
ķûкϸĽн͵ԸǼ׷ȥѯʣҲʲô
Ĺĵԭض˶ţҶȻܵԺлһ鷽źķ֮ĶԻ
ͼΪϻֻۣķĿȫͬĵһӡԲΪĸ˲ŻĿķĿܣʶı˷񶨵̬ȡ
ʱ˼ºҶȻȴȻ֣ķ˵ġƺе
Ϊǰķ˵ķȥ˼Ļƺһб㶼һĽˡ
ϾķĿֻӡ
һѵôꣿνӵܵıֻΪͨĨڵֶ֤Լȫұ𣿡
ҶȻţϵıһʱЩӡ
ʵ޷֮ǰʶǸķǴαװ
ֻ쵰κ˸о޵Ըô룬ƺӦǱԵ¶Ŷԡ
αװĻôķıô£
һ˲һҹ֮ͷ췭ظı仯αװΨһĽ͡
˵ķȻԼǰжһαװѵΪáѾ㹻ȥĿв˲ɣ
ҶȻվԺ˼ʱһļҵС˽
ҸոܽԺӺ󣬱ү峤ϻٿһ飬ϻСǰ֪ͨ
֪ˣȥرɣҺܿ͹ȥ
լһʱ䴫ķ
ʱӦһȻͬԺҶȻ˸ɫҴҵܳԺӡ
ҶȻļڵĵλȽ⣬Ȼˣںķ֮лԼԵʣԾܻûʽףļҲϱе˶һȥԴ
ȻҲΪĵҪ
ķڵĴլ·ʱǵɵӣҶȻܾЩһ
ҪǷǰĻҶȻͲ࿴ķһۣҶȻȫķҲֻǰķһֻĲӬѡ
ȻֻӬеڸУȴҶȻȥĹעһһ
ڣҶȻ̬ȴѾ˱仯ʹܵҪķȥ˽ĸࡣ
ҵ׷ʲô峤ϻԵ޹ʵٿ㾿ʲôŭԹ飿˵ģĿڿ㡣ԣҲҪ̵ɣ
ķԣһ·߳Ժӣȴķû˿Ҫ˵˼ҶȻٴ̲סĿ׷ʵ
ǡڹң
ķûлشҶȻ⣬ŤͷҶȻȻһĿʵ
ǸʵҶȻҪһȭֱӺϵĳ嶯
ҹȥ㵽˵ǲ˵
뵽űķ׵Ĳ˻״ҶȻһʱЩŭҧޱΣա
ķʶĴ˸飬һεһţһ߽԰ҪͬҶȻһ顣
Ȼ͵ĹвɱĻһЩ۵ķѾܵĿ͹ۣҶȻ֮󣬺ܼ򵥵ıһĸ
˵ģ԰ЩĻȷʵˣҪ硭ҲûôװɣЩܹԼαװȻǸĻˣǺйأҲ϶ᴦĸɸɾġ
΢΢˼ºҶȻü˵
ûλĴĽҵɶˣôҵĿĿȷʵ޷ʵֵġǡλĴ˵ҴĶ֡࡭ֻȡļҵһĹ߰ɣ
ķһЦЦı˵
ҶȻһŤͷ˿ķ
֮£ķĲǸɵӣ֪ΪʲôҶȻķڴǰѾ˳࡭


018 ײ
ļҳϻλ峤լԺ󷽣˵峤լԺСҡ
ϻһɣļҵȫڳϻĹϽΧ
£ճڳϻլﴦһּ񣬴󲿷ֵ飬Щ϶Ȩֱġ
ϻῴļҵ࣬ҲΪ
Ϊļ峤ģҪԴȴ࣬󲿷ֶɳϻɸѡġϱûȨ顣
һ֮±ع׵Ļ۶˻Ƕ壬ʲô¡
һֱļҵμ巢չİѿأֻǴΣһķ
ھʵʩḶ́Ȼ˷ֵ
ļȨܹ峤ӵȨԼĳЩ¶רеȨ
ϻλڱ峤쵼ǰ£ͬʱܹһ̶γɶ峤ķơ
ȨܹԱļҳΪһãķչս͡
ȻŵǺȱģȨܹڽļҵķչս͵ͬʱҲļʧȥӦеȡľ
ʹļЩͬһ̶ˮȻһֱûоʲôĴۣȴҲͬûץסκѸٷչĻ
Щˣ۹ʼֻܶԼһĶֵϣӵеԽ࣬ҲԽʧȥȻҲԽӵпܵı
ɺܶʱ򡭡ԭ̤ζѰ·
ķһ˼Źڳϻ⣬һҶȻ˳ϻԺš
һ·ϲû̫ĽҶȻȫԼ£⵹Ǹķ˼Ŀռ䡣
ɱֵǶʮʱķ˷ĥ⣬ֻҪжĿУ᲻Ļδ֮ǰЩεΡ
ÿÿں޵⣬ֻķջ񣬾һ־˵ӽǣǶʮʱ弸еף
ֻûػ֮ǰķԽҲԽʹࡣ
Խ͸Խǻںڶµ̫
֮Īڴˣ¶ʱȥ˺ɳҪȥֲȴѾء
ȻķҪԶе˶ˡ
ΪһεĻᣡ
ʱĳϻԺѾۼ˲ˣЩķ֮⡣
ķҶȻ߽ԺӣһʱԺ˵Ŀⶼ˹
ϻԺȻΪΪܹλϱãԺּɽСϪ֮ռ˴󲿷ֵ򲢲
ʱʮ˾ۼԺѾԺĿյȫ
ôôˣ
ҶȻ˿ԺЩˣüʵ
ЩȻʶĲ࣬󲿷ֶ죬ÿһļʹеĹ¡
λȻҪ飬ܵˮܵý鳹ִУеĹ¶ټǰҪնɱˡ
ķҶȻĶЦ˵
׽״̬ҶȻǲϰߣʶƫƫͷ΢ķЩ⣬ҶȻҲûķӦ
ķĻ䣬Ĵ߱εڴӳϻլ˳
ڼ֮ģĿһǸĿ˵һࡣ
ȳļ߱ļҳϻһϣļҳ˼֮⣬Ȩ߸ˡ
Щ˴լԺǼʮԭķҶȻϵʱתơ
һڿĿ˿ûмӵزӺжЩɡ
ȻĿⷬĵľٶЧ൱
ķ֪
һ˸ո߳լӣڿķ֮ʱޱϵĳǳ
ķ΢΢һŤͷǳĳϣǷһ񣬽Ļ壬ѾʱĶ˼Ȳˬı飬һ˵ϣķ֪Լʲô
ߣ㲻֪֮ǰѾԭԭĸǣݱȽ⣬ʺϹܽ㣬ֻ볤ϻвþδϻɣƾԼ޶˴ܶϾԶԼ¶˽̣˭Ȩﻹû棡˵Ϊȱη֮ģЩǰߵ޷ˣӰ̫ӣһĳʹ
ͬһ˫۵ķŭ
ԺǼʮٴη׷Ťͷķ˴˷׷С
ķԺ֮ǰЩʵҲѾ֪ʲô飬ԴʱЩ˻С۵ͬʱķЩơ
һֱķǵӡǸģټǺͬĹݣϣȻĻиϵб
ǿĿʱҵӣǸͬܡ
վںһǵ͵ָɣȴûжı仯ɰվš
Ƿ֮ǰ漰ķ飬ɲôǿĶ
⻰˵̫˵ɣңҪ˵Ϊû棬òơɱȲ
Ŵϵѵ⣬ķû¶ӣĶһ䡣
ķ仰˵ԺɲǼһİ


019 
ηļߣӱĵ常
˵ʱļڵҲƵ׿ԽķүүҲĵĸ׵ʱļ˫
Եʣûھ峤Ĺսʤķүүתļҳϻᡣ
ηϻʱʵļ˲С飬ΪԳϻԱηʵ̫Щ
ôһתۣȴѾǼʮʱȥ
⼸ʮʱηļ¡ܶļ˶ηľ£Զλ峤֮ϡ
Ͼļȫηƿأ
ηƢʵȽϱꡣ
ԵķηѵֱӶײ˻ȥʱⳡʱԺһ
Ѿļû˸ҵ涥ײηˣ
ķһļ֪竣ηҲһǾ֮绢ôˣ
ԺȻİһʱԵúǹ졣
˿ķ񶼳˾㵣ηͬķĶײûκε׼һʱԭء
ķϹ˳ζʮЦݡ
㡭ķȻ˵Ŀ𳤣ſΪ飬ϣϣܶᴦƲףӦڿֶݵ̬ȣ޷ԸΪ壬ҽһҪúõؽѵѵ㣡
󣬺ܿ췴ӦηһʱڷŭɫǺ죬Ժ쳹η
ϣֻʵʵ˵ѣαѵ˵ʵĿ𳤡޷죿òǬûĵɣ
ķգգ۾һί
ʵʵ˵˵û棬Ȼʵʵ˵ˣ
ηɴ۾ķлŭãԺ˵棡㵹˵˵ôûˣηϻὫʮ꣡һӦǱû뵽ʮ࣬ȴС̤ķҪǲ˵ȻȻǼ֮ӣҲҪʹ飡
⡭ðɣ
ķͷЩΪѵ˵ϾЩΪ˲СĹףôһεĴҲǿģǾ͵ʲôûзɣҲǸҿΪҸղŵ̬Ǹ»ǵΪֹȽϺá
˵ʲô
ηǲ˼ĶķǹΪģ˶ʱˣŭʢ£ҧгݵһһҲĵǸҪô˵ҴҪô͵ų԰Ӱɣ
Ҫ˵Ǻðɡ
ķ̾˿ǲԸļ˵ϣ涨漰Ҫ볤ϻٲõ飬ôϻҪģټǣԱȻǣԱ˫ֱ˴˵뷨ճϻٲõĽϾֱû˵ɣ
ߣдĺȷȻ̣
ηһ˵
ܺãȻ˵ûôϣҺҴ볤ϻٲõ飬ŸոյִﳤϻԺӣλҲֻǸոҴһ֮ʰˣȫûиκβĻᣬΪʲôΪһҵĴ󣿲ǰǷ֪
ķƽͣǴŲɫûηһѿɫ˵ٲûеóۣ˵ʵûпʼǰ£Ƿ֪ҵȻ֪޶ۣٲδʼ֪˭˭ֱҴ˵ݣ֯ԴǼȻѾ϶˴һңʣ˭½۵ȨǷ棿˵Ϊȱη֮ģЩڳϻϰһ졣˵ΪԼѾԴ棬ϻ˲ɣ
ķѾ࣬ݸ
Ժ˼ͬʱһһޱ𾪵ؿķ
ηɫ࣬Ϊķǰ֮ǰ˵Ļԭⲻֻƫƫʵ̫Щ
ĿͬüͷɫΪɻؿ˿ķ
ֻ΢΢üëϸһ˿޵Ц⡣
ķĵӣڶײη֮󣬼ηԡ
ηǱķ˵ݴ̼ķŭͬʱķܹоݵ˵ⷬоޱȾȡ
ֱֿǺӡеķ൱
ֱ֮Ӷķкǳ⣬ΪӡУķÿμʱèһ
ηǲ֪Լ򵥴ֱ©ֻȫû뵽ķȻȥץ©
ԴܣǸѧ˵Ļ
Ժͷһţηضķȴķһ޹ĺ⣬оɫҲûУ
ӡ˽Ǹķ
η˿ŭȼգȴûа취йȷʵĲϽǿԴϵȥѹķĻķ˵ġ˶м⣬ûκαĺô
ҡĿɾվء
뵽ηҧҧķ㵱涥ײηһʱоʧ棬ȴƫƫҪǿеʵһĪʹࡣ
£ȷʵϷˡϷǸ
ؿķһۺηҧ˵
ԺӶʱһƬȻ
ηļڱ峤ĻҪԵˡȻȻǸˣ
һʱ䣬˿ķȫ˾޴ı仯


020 ŭ
ķȫԺͻȻͿȻ仯񣬶η·˶ɵĿҲǱ֮ԲõЦݡ
ηĵǸķֺǺǵĸæǷˣҲʲô£Ҹղű˵ˣǾ͵ʲôûˣϾ˷ʥ޹˵ǰɣҪ߷ڣһҪҽ󽲳Сģôָس©أǴеͷֱ˿ǲˣ
㻹ָس©費˿ӷƨ
ү
ԡӱ˵ҺСӵĴү
ķǿޱϵЦݣηһʱĶͷ¶˼άҲЩҡ
û뵽һˣȻֳ⸱ӣǰôûС˵ĸأ
ԭ֮ƣֱӽɾĽҲǽһĵӣʵ䷴
η̰ţվŵĶȴڿǰЩ䳡󣬸æǰԲ
˺ˣЩҪˣȻķҲˣҲмµ棬Ǿʽʼɡ¾˭˭˫󣬴ҵȻйϡ
޾ڳϻ峤һϵģҲǳϻΨһ΢ܹηγһЩԼˡ
ķ޾̬Ȼã޾ԲûκЦŵͷӦǡ
ηķļ䵱УЩΪηʼտĸģҪ飬۶Դηȡ̬ȵĻļҲЩһֱ㲻ǰûκηչ
˵ܹηĻᣬķܴ
ߣҲãȻºйأ֮ǰϸĽһɣ£ļһμңȻǼ֮ӣҲΪġ
ηһȻͬ˵۾ȴʼնķ
ǣϣ
﹪Ӧһǡ¶Ϊʹ΢΢Ťı顣
ԺʮͬĿУ֮ǰ飬ķҪɢ԰ʼһֱķΪֹȫϸĽһ顣
ķҪɢ԰ʱĴֱٶԼӵʱķĿʱֳ裬ĽһЩصȾ
ĹУԴʿƵĻǳ˻ϺѲй
ԼɹһļĹȴ˿ѵĿˡ
ķȻͳӦķɡ
ȻܹһµݣΪĿصĸȷʵЩµġ
Եｲ֮ԺеĹ¿ķĿ⣬һЩķŭ
Ȼһ֮ʣʱϵټһֱķǵӡÿһ˶Ѿȫ˵ݡ
ټϹмĿｲ֮ʱߵĿʼķֺͶĹ½ߥޣһʱ䣬Ժȫʮ·ŭû
ķȻȻģ˹Ŀꡣ
ηϸһ˿ɫɫһţܿ±ȡ
ķ㻹ʲô˵𣿡
ηϣܹķϿʧı飬ʧǣǧָһ״ķȴһеӡ
㽫ȫһ飬ȴ©Ҫһ㣬Ϊʲô԰⼸Ļܶһأ
ķƽ˿Ҳûκθе߳ŭӡ
һֱϸ۲ķĿĸоЩԾȴƫƫ˵ﲻԾ
ֻôʱվǰķƽʱʵ̫Ĳ
ү԰ԴӽһֱڣܹĻǧҲ˽ĿʵǾá̫ǾôڱĻڶүԻɷǳӰ졣ܶүɣվǶүµĹ£үԶҶȴҪܵάϾҵӰε飬ǶүҪǲ֮ԩҲ󵽴үֵ˳ϻ
һĹģҲʹࡣ
Ȼﻰ˼ȴú԰үģӻٶ࣬ҲΪүȥģʲôϵ
֮ԸղŲ˵Ϊ˸ү棬ɲǺʲô
ǧ
ﻰո£Ժٴը˹ʮ¼ͬʱ˿
˭û뵽һ԰ȻܹôӣЩЩҵһô޴Ļ
ǼǿѪ̣һҪάϵãҲԲôࡣ
Щǰ԰һģɹؼǣеĹ¶ǳǰ԰Ǹʲô⣡ΪôȫֳĶȴ֮ǮֱҪŭ
һʱ䣬ʮ¶ķķŭҪﵽ˶㣡


021 
ô˵һжΪ룿һллˣ
ĵĵߵڰףķֻ˵
үˣΪˣⶼӦġ
Ƿص
½ὫķĶݣﵹҲںΪĿѾŵ
ķ﷽˵Щ飬٣
ûķڣηѾϵĲ廰ʵ
һ⣬м١ȷʵҪɢ԰ʱѵϵҲȷʵдɵģ֮ԭ򣬲˵Ϊй˽ߣΪƭҡ
ķԺǼʮ£ʮ˫ŭ۾ƽļ˵԰ǸʲôλﶼһЩ޶ѣôܻôӣǧӣжǻ˰԰ж١˲֪˭ĿڴΪ԰£ȴ̰īѵҲ÷𣿡
㡭˵
ķָʱһؽеүȻӣˣҲĶҽ԰Ǯ붼˿ѭĶĿɣó㹻֤ݣֻǿտƾ֮Ҿ
һ߽ţѾηǰͷͰݣһͷصĿ˵ϣ̧ͷ󣬶ֱӿ˵ţ汯ߵؽеΪǰļңһֱ˵ԼжĹףǶԼĹ彻ҵ飬ʼվҵҵȥɣ˿иƬģȴȻĻɺͺ޵ѣϣԴЩ˵ģЩԴǴȥοļңϣСļһҵ´󣡻찡
ʲôģļҲĳһֻܹģֻҪڣȻһ׾ˣ
ηһˬȴҪάǸϵģֽǰŤͷֱӳķŭĿӵķڿ֪ˣӰ̫ӣҾ㣡Ȼ㸸׹ܲ㣬Ҿʹ㸸׺úõع̹ܽܽ㣡
شϣɲ֪ԼȻﶼ˵ˣ԰ǮȫĿѭҪЩĿȻŴҵ棬רɼ˷úõĲһǡĿûأôֱΪˣ
ķʼ磬һؿη˵
ηʱһϣոҪúѵķһٵĻҲֱӿ˺ֲϲµĸо쳣ܣηķ˫һʱɵϴ
ǿпԼηǿԼͷĻѹҧгݵĶķ˵ãȻˣȥа԰Ŀɣ㰲˽м˷Ǿ⣬˵棬ˣ
ĿӦһŤͷкһļҵʹӣСԸ˼䣬ʹӹ˹תȥ
ķЦеĸԵҶȻ˵仰ҶȻͬת뿪˳ϻԺӡ
ԭտʼʱҶȻҲĵǣķηʱԴʼȻȫ·磬ҶȻҲͰ·Ż˶
˳ϻԺӺ󣬿Ѿȫ֮ϵĳȽҶȻȻоǰ··㣬һƬ
ʱϻԺǼʮڵȺĹУķǲơ
ηΪ׵ļϣǺķ
ֻ޾忴ķĿЩͰζ
ʼһԲվ۵Ľ䣬˭Ҳ֪Щʲô󲿷ֵ˸ûע⵽Ĵڡ
ĿüͷţķһȻԵõɣʵЩжϲķгű֣ǽе֪Դ
ܿ죬ļҵ˷ʹӵ˳ϻԺֱͬԺгԼļȻ㹧վһԡ
ֹһᣬѪֺѪӱǼ˱һһҵĸҶȻ˽
Щ˱˰ɣǼһ¹ȥ飡˱û⣡ҲԱ߿ţ˱ûб޸ĹϾ˱ôС첻ϣ˳ʱ䣬ʲôֽţ
ۿѪֺѪӽηʱȲĿڶǼ˷˵
ʵǱķµĹǺһһĶȴֻٶȣԼĵǹƷй
˷ͬʱӦһȻǰѪԼѪӵӹ˱ϸϸķ
ϻԺѵõĻָ˰˵עȫЩ˱֮ϡ


022 
˵Ĺǳ﷦ζż˷ϸģտʼʱΧǼʮºλϻܹģʱƣ󲿷ֵ˱㶼𽥵رĹǷ졣
ķһֱ΢ЦʱʱƫͷԵҶȻС˵ϼ仰
ӣĿǲɵøЩ
˵ֶΣ֪Ĳ˿϶ǲ鲻ʲôģ⼸˷ˣЩ©Ҳȫõġ
֪Ϊʲôķ쳣ıʼе
пڶԴϵ׼ʵγֵǰ֮¡
˵ˣоԵİϳ׵Ķķ
еİգʵȫķӡϡҲǽķĲϣ
ڿܲһõľĿš
ã˵Ĺ
ʾĿûκɾģ˷ҲĿûηʱŵǿһӱ㳩ࡣ
Ļŭ£ϻҪŻϣηһϵӣȫһ
ķ޻˵˰ɣ֤ȷ䣡԰Ŀûκ⣡ӵľ޶ȫ˷ѰܻԼµĴǵҷʡȻҪ޶Ƶ˵ϣΪڼӰ죬ڳӦö룬ֱĻѾҪ˰ɣ
ηһ˵ţһ߻Ժӣͦñֱ˺ˬļ˵ķܵϳͣΪȥһ죬ļһģһһẮЩΪ御ľ֮˵ģ
ηܽķԣĿһֱЩŵԷ
⻹һη֣ķȻܹѹ
ȻûȺķȴٴƽؿ˿ڡ
ϣҲӦøһڵĻᣬȻжϰɣһʼʹԵϵҺܻǷ˵ʼնȲĸ֯ϣ鶨½Ҳ⵽Ϊʲô
ķ˵
Ŀոշµ˼ٴ
ηʵû뵽֤ȷ£ķȻ˿һʱոȥĻٴβôǰ֮ηǲûֱӿѵ⡣
ֻؿķɭȻ˵ʵڣ㻹Ʊʲôķһ١ٶΪϻϵȨ˵Ŀ𳤣κκôֻؼĳͽ䣡
ϣֻڳʵѡ
ķ̯̯˫֣ηŤͷǼ˷΢ЦʵλȷЩ˱û⣿
˷ʶĻһۣȻҡҡͷ
һ˿Ǽ˷ͷˣķǷǷ¶ɫ˵үǼѾĿһ飬ȷû⣬үţԼ顣
ķҪˣļҵҪˣµΪֹɣгϸһݣ¶ķľͷʩΪ֮ӣӦôҪ󣡡
ηȻٸķȥĻᣬֱն˵
ɲУϣЩһûóô׵ҵ㲻˳
ķһ˵ţһ߳Ѫ֡
Ѫʱӻͳ˱Լһſдֵֽ
ķûȥǼ˱ֻǽֽ˹ƽǰ΢΢۾
֪ΪʲôķùֽĿûɵ˰ģܵؾҪֹķľٶ
ȻûķȴѾǬ739Ҳȥ꣬ļūիڹȮ۴󽫾Ǯһʮˣļҹ
ķ̧ͷһѾΪһͻȻɫ۾΢ЦȻʽڰ԰˱ʾĽһǧʮ
˵꣬ûĿͬѿɫķǬ739ģļ޷ڹ󰡢ҹݺɣǮʮǮˣļҹͬʽڰ԰˱ٴʮƣﵽ˶ٶʮ
ķеֽݣԺЩ£󲿷ֶ¶㵵ɫ
ȴɫһƬ԰ףϸ۲Ļܹ壬ʱҲ΢΢زš
ĿѾ˹ȵף֪ԼΪʲô֮ǰһֱˡ
鴦ȷʵִ̫٣©ֻ̫࣬Ŀڴ֮ǰûķܹЩ©ֻǰĹıȽϼ򵥰ˡ
ȴû뵽ķȻͻ
Ǭ738ģļ֮ڹȮͶȮܣǮʮˣļҹȻʽڰ԰˱ʮƣﵽʮ
ĿĺŵͬʱķѾһʽ׵ݣͬʱټȥǽеֽǰݸ˾һ¡
½ӹֽķŻԺˣ˵Ѫӻбŵ˱ǴӳڼҶ޵ģļҺǼҶ޵귢Ľף˱ȷļأ˼ǣЩ˱صĿͬİ԰Ŀڽżĳ룡ԷҲŻҪ԰԰Ŀ飬źǣļλ˷ǳ϶԰Ŀû⣡룬λ˷ǲӦöԴһЩͣ


023 
дֵֽʼǼʮµشģصݲ࣬ķҪֻѪӺѪ˴˱һЩĽĿ
ҲΪˣʹֽϵݿӵĴĿġ
ȻֻǴµ£ÿһֽݵĹ£ȫ̲ס
һĿԼηĿ⣬ЩĪı仯
ķʣһʱȫ֪Ӧλشźã˲ͣ͵ۿĿȻĻΣֻҪϸȥ۲Ļκ˶ܹ׾ٵķ֣﾿ڿ˭
ηѾǳһɫʱֽպôϣݣηһʱֻ߷ѵ
ָֽڷŭ΢΢š
ȻûмѪӻﱧŵЩĿֻķӦ˶ܹжϵĳķ˵ЩȻģ
ȥû壬뵽֮ǰķı֣η׹ķ֮ʼձֵ޿֣ƢΪķܹһٶǬ֤ݣ
£ǼĻֻķġԹɣ
֪ķЩʲôĵûС
ͨηȻޱȵĲģԭҪλᣬصķԳصĴڼڵȴû뵽Ƿ·ת
ǵûдﵽĿģһϺʮµǰĶ˸
ηĪĻȴƫƫܳķȥйҧȻŤͷŭôĵӣȻƭϻͷˣ˵⵽ô£
ŭĵԵʣηԵЩʧأһƷʦϢʹŭ˼ѹ
ͨ
ԭķͻȻó֤ݶ鼫˼ʱ򣬱ôһŭŵֱӹ˵ϡ
ôһӣĿüͷɫѿؿڵܣȻͷ⣬һõ֤ݣΪʲô֮ǰңҪȵ˳ϻٲú󣬲ŽЩ֤ó֮ǰʱҲʲôû˵翴֤ݣôֹѵˣ
Ŀô仰Ĺ򣬾°ƻԼϡ
ķЦһȴǹе᲻ˬı飬ƲƲҽѵ˻Ҫ˽ҼȻѵȻҵɣҪңҾ͵ø㣬Եú㲻ɣҲ̫û˰ɣ
Ŀȫû뵽Ȼһش˰κʵ쳣ĿЦá
˰졭ֻΪӵ⣿
ϸĻشǷǳķֳƢ
ѵε鲢ûԼôӣ
ɴӷķηԵıķԼ֮ǰ֪򵥰
ĿӺ˼ŵʱķȴѾŰֲƵǰ
ŹڵϣһʧǱķӸµؿڵ֮ǰ˵ҵ㺮ģĵ˵ԼĹôأȻ⼸Ҷ޵˱ֻǴµ£ˣҲܿóǵ˱¼˱྿жǼʮĲ࣡԰ʵʵĻ£ҲǧͷҲ˵ǧӣ̰īˣ
ķʣĶ£ʼҧ촽ͷûκҪ͵˼
ǧǸ𾪵֡ݴǬɷ߻ʹӣ漰̰īߣʮұȨֱӶʹӴԼ̡ﵽֵһǧٱȻҲźˡ
ķЦе˵
Ȼ̧ͷɫĿķȫû뵽ķǴɱ
ܣ»кܶɵ㣬ҲҪµôɣȰ￴ѺȻϸĵһ¾ô£㲻٣㿴Σ
ĿҲǸæ廰
ʲôЦˣҪǾôˣԺôڼģ
𣿲磬װĴ磬ղŴϿǽֻ㵥ҪҵˣǸʱô˵أҲû֮ǰϺҪϸĵһ¡ΪʲôѾ֤ȷˣȴҪһ٣ǷΪʹʵרŵңԲŻԵĲԴ
ķ۾Ц˵
Ŀɫٱ䣬ηǷ·𱻲β͵èһ㣬ֱŭƨֱɱˣǼĳ裡࿴һҶöģ
ԩԩ찡
ﳹ׵ıŵˣķ˵û԰ȷʵǧӵĻˣǡЩӿȫ䵽Ŀﰡմ˵ˮҲˣĿ͸ģ
һ£ôе̰īôӣ
֮ͶĿĿڵķôӣɲǳʲôҾ֮µİ׳ͷȫΪԼļиõķչ
ôͻȻ䣬ǣˣ
ԩôһ˵ҲпܣϾݣҲûôĵ̰īôӡ
ķȻһתĿͬʱ¡
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ôӱ̰ī϶ǱҪ˳еεģ̰˵ģȻǱɣǵĻֻҪ˵ЩӶ˭Ŀڴ㻹ܱס
ķһĪջ
˿ĭһʱЩơ
˵һֳɻأļң̵ܹӵˣʵడ
ת۾ķּһ䡣
ɫʱסȻʶŤͷĿ


024 ʤ
ĿɫޱѿķһһĽҧ˵ܣչһļôûĴκһʹӣȨһΣ飬ұ֤յĽһ⣡
Ŀ˵ⷬһʱԺ󲿷˿Ŀ񶼺֡
ȻҲĿ޶ȵŬˣϾһֱڼӪ󣬶ǷǳõģǣͷϣɽɻĴ
ƫƫ飬ﻹΪģ򲻵ѣʵǲﲻܡ
ӣҸˣ˭ӣ
ķ˸ۣĺһɾӸµĸȴǲͷ˵ǲ˵ˣҲɣߵľˣΪµ壬ȴһֱڱҡ˲۲ĲѪ֣ɱ
ǣ
һֱվķѪʱӦһһƷʦϢȫȻһһĳ
ĿɫѿЩ
ǹڵϣĿѪֵĽӽ
ƫƫһֱϣĿȴֻɫޱѿվţûκҪֹ˼
һʱǿڸѪֵĽŲֻԼһһĽӽ
־о֮ǰԭֻ鵱һʹûǰκε׼
Ȼž޴ʱǺ뵽ľأٽ
ǳɴġסˣ
˵˵ҪɱңҪɱң
Ϊ־ҵزţѾߵǰֵѪ֣˵ɫȫһ߼ţһ˫ֻŵԼǰ
ķʱסѪ֣ȻЦеĶƽ˫ֵ۾ͼ˻ȡһЩȫеº͵ʵ˵ɣ˭ָʹôģ
Ѫ֮ҪͨһһӽķʽʩѹȻҲǳķ⣬ڿЧ㲻
һԵĿǿķľٶҪ̲ס֣ȴͻȻѪִʱվŵλ÷ǳһ춯ĻȫԵһʱзƣ
һƷʦʵȻѪֵĶ֣
ĿȻ֣ƺһʼѾȫ뵽ķƿصУЦȻΪһܹشķĻᣡ
뵽ĿѾ˹ȵס
ǡǴүǴү
Žе
үĸүò˵Ҵɡ
ķһ˼ı鷴ʵʵȫαװ
ǣǴүĿүôİЩȫ˴үҡҸͶҲûŰҪдүָʹô鰡ҪɱҰүҪɱңҡҲ
˻ߵĺš
һԵĿɫһƬӲҪڲ⣬ķȴѾ֮ǰ
˵˵ҴТô˵飡ۿԼˣͿʼҧ˲ɣΪǰ׳˵˭Ҷţ
ķֱӳ𣬿ǼĽ
̬ⷬԺＸ˶ֱӿɵۣԭﺰ˴үֺԺЩºܶǲŵģҲͬʱ¶˻Ȼı飬ΪԼǰΪʲôᷢΪʲô֮Ĳۡ
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ĿԭѿıҲ¶Ȼ̬ķݵһ
ҡû˵ٻİǴү
һ͵Ŀķظţͬ벻ͨķҪʲô
ߣ㻹ΪҺܺƭˡ
ķһŤͷĿߵ˵磡ʵ̫ɺˣݾȻݵͷϣô˵һأ㻹һֱڰ˵ֱ壬Թ£磬ܵܵҲˣȻɥĲ㶼ҧ֪ҪǼ׷ȥҪ˭ֱ߳ɱ˸ɾ磬㣬ְɣҲȷĸûκιϵ
ķⷬ·˵ԴʣĿķҪʲô
ڱȥɱﰡ
евԣĿȻ
Ŀܵǣòв
㵱֮£Ϊ˱ȫԼɱΪƱػʹЩΣҲò
˷һϵе̵棬ķѾһİͬ
һӶѡȻҪ˳صĴۣ
Ŀҧϵɫ쳣ɹڵϣһͣȫǱָʹĿ¶˾ģһǰȻصһƣϡ
ž
һ죬Դըѿ֮˵ϣûԴ֫ȴ΢΢ĳ鴤š
Ŀھֱ̫ӱըѵԴѪһ
ԺЩǶʱгһЩ˱ܵıȥȥǰѪȵһĻЩûж㿪ߵĹ£ҲһɫޱȲ԰ס
ЩļҵĹǶֻͨˣȻֳĳԶߡ
ڡ˰ɣ
ĿһֱŤͷ۾ķҧгݵһһ˵
һѪӣʵ쳣ɲ
΢СһЩģӵĿ¶ֱӱŵ
ȻķȴûܵκӰ죬Ŀʣһ޹˵磬ɶһΪðСɱΣҰҴ࣬㲻лҲͰˣôһвСԹأ
л㣿Һ޲һƱ㣡
Ŀҧҧ˼ѵļ֡
лл㣡
ⶼӦõģֵ˭˭
ķֺǺǵİ˰֣һȵ˵
Ȼ˼ˣҾȻȥˣһѪۣҲǲá
Ŀ˵
˵ͬϻгϣԼʼհվڽļȻҪֱ뿪
ϧոתûӣķȴٴοڽס
һ´磬Щβû갡
ʲôβͣʲô飡ķ㲻Ҫôߣ
ĿȻתķ۾·ܹ
ȿȣ磬˵ģһпɶΪð⼸ղŸ˵˷ȫϳɣ԰Ŀ˴⣬Ǽ˲ôãȻëûвһˣڼﻹʲôãôܷİѲҵȥҪȥˣļұˣҪǮˣ
ķȻָָǼ˷Це˵
Ǽ˷һʱȫŵù˵ϣȴǲҽʲôֻһͣĿͷ
ҪǱļҷϳ˹ӶԼȫϳȥǿɾǳصĴ
ķ²Ҫ̫
Ŀɫ˻
磬ɲǳ˽ģһСΪ˼塣
ķһζЦݵ˵
Ŀķ˫еĿ·ܹķֱ˺Ƭһ㡣
ǽ̫֮⣬Ĵʵ̫ĻҲʧ̬
˺һᣬķʼ΢Цĺӣûκζ˼Ŀֻܺ޺޵ص˵ͷҧã˼ȫɣ
˵꣬Ŀķתܰĳ˳ϻԺӡ
ԺʮһʱǼ˷ҡ
ʧηһûкκ˴кתֱӽ˳ϻլ
վڽģȴĿķǵЦ⣬Խβסˡ


025 ĿӦ
ӳϻԺĿľֱԼլԺһ·ʹӾ㶼ĺĿȻĿȴȫ粻
ĻκһʹӵļĿȻҪºͻͬʱůġ
ļ峤ͼɨۣ˵ֶӡĿԺС
֪ЩݵͼڸĿʱͻȻĿһλ߸ϵĴүº͵Ľгǵʱ˵һͬǵ飬ֻжôļ
ƾżס˵һ㣬ĿļھͲ֪˶ġ
ҲĿļҵʹ֮Уӵ˼ѵĿڱ
ͬڼ粻Ŀϻǵһγ֡
ټĿʼˮɫһ·ĿʹǶɵ÷׷ײ²žʲô飿
һֱĴү
ֻĿʵû˼ȥЩʹӵ뷨ԼլԺ󣬻ֱ㽫լԺĴŹլھϵҶĶ
СʱЩŽͣЪʱĿլѾһƬǽ塣
ڷŭ˫ͨĿҵشŴ⻹ļҵЩһ˵ʧ̬
ΪܹɹȡļңЩʼעԼһһУΪ֮˳Ŭ
ͬסļÿһ˵飬ֻŬıɽһǰˡ
ȴû뵽ЩŬȻЩڽ챻һ
ǸһֱûıϵķȴΪиʱ򣬲һ
ĿԼʧ̬ģԼϻЩǣгĸӡֻ֪ķı֣Ѿǰɱ⣡
ӣ
վһǽլĿžҵһ󣬳ǵ
һŴֲµСģ˵һʱƿլӵĴţü˳Ŀ˽
լĲģСȴ޶ãһƽվĿԣȴĿķԸ
ȥº֯Ҫɱˣ
ĿĿޱԹ쳣䡣
үǵشƫƧԺΪ΢֪ڵģӦֻһһǵɱ֡Ŀľʦϣɱǲӵġ
󣬿˵
ߣʦҪɱǸܵܰˣ֮Ҫ飬ֻΪ˰ԼƲѣôõô鷳
Ŀһм˵
ˣȥϵ
һĿķʱӦȻת뿪լӡ
жӣĿʹӣݴϺķŶ൱ͬǣǹ¶ҲĿΪεĸ
Щвֱӳ飬Ŀύȥ
ܶӱֻƷߵʵ¼飬˺ܴĿء
Ŷȥͬʱ¹լӵĴţĿ߬˫Żɿ
Ҳ֮΢һЩĿʼ˼һķӦӦԼڲ˿ܲı仯
ڰɱʧĿûпǹ
ΪʮΧɱֵ֯İɱɹȻ˵ǰٷ֮٣ȴҲϿԴﵽʮþȵĳ̶ȡ
ùġȴĿҧгݵǣ֯ڰɱһĵĹǾǵ֯нӵİɱ񣬶뾡޶ȵȥɣ
ĿȽ鷳ʵսԤӶ³ΰɱʧܸյ֯ԴԴϵǲǿɱֱĿɹɱΪֹ
ȻӶ棬Ҳڰɱɹ֮ͬȡԭսԤĲ֡
Ϊ׿ֲŵķΧѸͷչӳʱѾɳΪһȻ
ԹӶ֯ɱɱķֻͲεһɱ֣ĿѾ̫߿ķˡ
һ򲽽Ȼķ죬ӹ˺֯ĵһжķ˵ҲԲζžʹ˰ȫȴģֻǺֳˮ಻ϵɱ֣ԼݵİϮ
ǽһجΣ
Ҳںֹ֯ʹùӶ֯ɱҪĻ˿һ֡
ֻǹӶͲεһɱ֣ҪǮҲͨĴ˼ܹġ
ĿҲޱۡ
ȻֻҪܹɾĽķһǣϣЩԳܣ
ļұֻȫԺԲƣ
ķԭһûôľٴȥԸ㣬ԭٶһʱġϧһУҵģúʱɡȻԼ϶ǲ֪ġ
ĿվԼլӵšǸһĨ̬Цݡ


026 ҩ
Ŀıȥ֯ͬʱķѾҶȻһصլԺ֮С
ѪԼѪְĸ˵ͬӰһϢ
֮ǰڳϻ飬˶ķĹ۸жһЩ仯
ֱ仯Ƿǳġ
Ƿâ¶ˣҲ֪¹󣬻ж˶ɡ˵ô㶼̹ˣôȴټȥأ
ոսլӣҶȻװĿʵ
ЩӲı黹ǳʱĵ뷨ȻԼʵ⣬ҶȻαװǰ㲻⡣
ķȴûв𴩣ֻ΢ЦšԴ˵޿̡̣λΪĴ磬һֱûİҷΪҲţ˵ǣҵ飬ܴĶôϽȻˣǲ˸һľϲǹҵΣ
ķ˵ǣҶȻ˸ۣû˵ǰֻ֪˺ɫӲûȻô軵˵ģ飬ʵݺݵĿһѣǳˣԺô죿ĿƱػ߾裬ٲ׵סѱĻᡣܾãȻ㶼ôˣΪʲôܼȥֱܸһĻᣬʱٱ¶Ҳٰ
ȻҪᵹҴ磬һһϦ顣ЩڼھӪģүͬУ޷ġǾһ飬ܶγɵ߸ġӦһϵĻ۹̡
ķ̾˿˵֮Իͬҵ˵˵ģλǸϵòȻеŮ潵αӣһΪҴӴĴ٣𺳣㱾ܵĶҲһЩĪΡֻ㣬ڼǲΪһ飬͸ıҴӡ󡣡
˵ķָָԼ¸Цݣ˵ȻҲңڼκһ˵ҲѧǵԺжǸٹ̵ġҽֵ㳬Ҳɻ᱾ܵĻɣ²ҳԭǲǱʹΪһжԼıģĵģܳ֡
ķĽͣҶȻ¶˻Ȼı飬ڵҲ˵㿴ĿֻΪ飬ӶģֽҲܿ޶ȵģ
ǺܿܣһȻΪ㹻߿ˣȻʶĶӣϾϰֶɣȴֺѸı䡣Ҫǣû֪ĵƵʲôλ磬καʲôˣȻˣô֪εĶԴңأ
ķֵ˵ԼԴʮ˵
䣬ûҶȻѯʣŶġšŴСĽլӡ
ЩһԵķŵլڵĴ輸ϣŶһֻһֲֻϵĳԼŷ磬˵үҪĶҶùˣôҾȻôడһ·ϲҡ
ŶɫģķһЦǰȥŶͷڵŶˣ㼸ʮҩģŶȻһ˾͸ˡΪ˱ʾүһͷŶΣ
ģ
һķҪԼ䣬һʱŶֱƣۣеĶȫסֻķĴ۾·ܹų
Ȼģүʲôʱƭ㣿
ķŶͷϡңЦе˵
ллүллү
ŶȫǱķŪҵͷֻŲͣĹķΪԵЩ״Ρ
ŶӦôʵǶЩ˵飬ǻ붼ġ
ܹΪߣǶԸı˵Ļ
үĹүȻܿ㡣ˣˣȥүҷһˮүҪ衣
ķһӣ˵ͬʱܵıҪŶһ£һ룬ȻҶȻվԣڻӳȥӲͣ˰УĶĪ
ŶʱӦһתޱ˷ܵܳլӡ
ôôҩġҪЩҩʲô
ҶȻЩŶŵ˿輸ϵҩİһɻıʵ
ȷҶȻûע⵽ԼǷʶĶķų˿ٺЦŴյҶȻԣص˵Ȼ󲿷ֶֻЩҩģϡУɱСkǣҪõk裬Ȼ󡭡Ŀ£漣ġ
õkǡ裿
ҶȻȫû뵽ԼĻشŤͷ˿Եķֿ˿輸ЩҩİɫһʱЩãȻ
ӰӰѪӺѪ֣ͬ¶˺ı顣


027 ҩʦ
ŶĶܿ죬ǰ󲻹ʮӵʱ䣬ѾլԺƫպһͰˮ
ϴľͰֱһң߶ֻʮ֣Ժܿɵһ˵нݡ
ӵĻͬʱҲǿԽܵġ
õϷкŶСŻ
ʱķҲպýҪҩļȫãҩѾҪ󣬱ѪӺѪ
õĹ̵УҶȻһֱվķȫעĿţķҲûκҪܻ˼еĲȫ󷽷ĳҶȻǰ
ȻˣӿʼһֱýÿһҶȻսһγɵĽҶȻɽ֡
ǵЩҩȫķͨԪһγһ̲ĩ״ĶҶȻѾȫ뵽𾪵С
ĿķЩĩǰ׼õֽҶȻŷӦ˷·𱻲βһʶļеҩʦ㡭ѵҩʦɣ
̫ͻأǡڴʱոܽŶʱһ
ѪӺѪֶһ¡
ҶȻڼгҲԼķӦʵǹЩС΢΢죬ԴǸسŶЦЦһץסķĸ첲ٺǼٵ˵˵ѵҩʦɣһǵİɣǵĻôܶνЩҩĻһģֻЩͨҽߵĻǸܶղʩչַ
ҩʦǰɣԶԶôɣûʲôѵġ
ķһνصͷ˵
ûʲôѵģ
ҶȻԭķķӦ˲̣ץķ첲Ҳʶɿһ͵ĿķһʱͻȻͲ֪˵Щʲôźˡ
Ϊ֣ķϲûκεɫһȻģȻΪģ
ʲôЦҩʦԶ߸ϡٵְҵǣߵԹ򣬵ҩʦȴһֻˣ
Ͳεĺһҩʦ
ˣڵĵλҲޱȵ磬ȻǵĳˣҩʦʱǱҪģ
˵߶ͨǸɽֹĴڣôܹĶʦƵҩҩʦԼͨ桢˥ķʦְҵ˵Ȩײ㣡
ֻмӵӦ׿Խ츳ߣпְ̤ҵУĳһְҵĵ·
ÿһܹΪְҵߵߣ֮ӣ
ķʱı֣ȴҶȻЩ㱣ѵ֪ǴĲɣ
Ϊʲôķĸоͺҩʦͳӡһְֻͨҵѣ
ķԼⷬӸҶȻȥ˶ĳΪûоҩʦʲô˲ġ
ϵöָĸ£ķûƷƿζ˵ʺ츳е·ţһȴȫķĿ֮ڡ
ΪѧϰĹ˵ޱȵļ򵥣ȻҲôĿء
ķȻְ֪ҵ֮оĵλֻǱʶУʼΪֻоǿҪġ
ְҵȻѾͨˣôʲôֵȥӵģ
֮ԾηΪ֪
õķĩϣķŲ֪СҶȻǰ˸ָȻתլƫȥ
ŶæȥҶȻվԭӦҧҧҲ׷˳ȥ
뿴ķҪЩʲô
Ϊ֪УҩʦһȺܹΪĴڣ
һʱ䣬լӵĴֻʣѪӺѪˡ
Ѫ̻һӱ˴˵п˼𾪵ɫ
ǵλүȻһλҩʦ
ѪȻʵ
ôңҲ֪ô¡һԿ϶Ǿǵλүҥеô١ֻ͵ȼҩʦһ֪ҲƱػõĹһҩʦζʲôҶ
Ѫҡҡͷ˵
ûӸղŶүںЩҩĹַǳ죬үΪҩʦʱȻѾˣȴûκιⷽķм˶ԶүۣҲǳһ¡ү֮Ϊ˲ϧۣΪүԵʡ
Ѫüѹ˵
ΪļѪ̣ԭǲӦ̸ЩģκķѪԼѪӵʵ̫ʹ˵Щ²졣
ЩӦ۵ģ챻ŵү߿ʼүκʱûбܻǣžԵΣΪѪֻ̣ҪĬĬȥ¾ͺˣڱģûκιϵֻǺȻáºͶүĴģҺпĻ
ѪӿЦ˵
ٺ٣ҪǶүƷʦĳ̶ȣǾ䣬ҲĸԸͻȻãܹܼڶүԣĻء
ѪֺٺЦ
ˣˣҲȥүЩʲôɣЩҩܳɷĩķ·ѾЩԪĲһǺĺܡ
Ѫ˵꣬ȳլӣѪʱȥ


028 ʹ
ķֱֽѾպˮԡͰԣȻ㽫ֽзĩȫԡͰС
ԡͰڵˮǡУȻðڵȴֲˣպ˸о¶ȡ
ֽķĩܽ⣬ԡͰڶʱʼַڵļ
ݸԡͰˮϣЩݲϵĳ֣ٲϵըѣ·ڴڶɢĳһ㡣
ķؿŷĩֱ仯Ȼ㿪ʼ׼Լϵ¿㡣
ȻҪʱһתȴȻ֣ҶȻҲƫ֮ڣվŶԡ
ķʱһϵĶҲͣüëһζĿҶȻ˵Ҫʼˣѵ㲻رһ𣿡
ʲôûرܵģѵҿˣ㻹Կ˲ɣҪۿóЩĩʲôã
ҶȻɫ΢죬ķĿҲЩǷǳᶨ
ķЩĩͬʱҲͬѪԼѪһһʱǷĩ̺ĳԪĲҶȻǺ档
ΪЩҩԭģɾķ֮󣬿Ƿ·ӵһ㣡
ҶȻҩʦ֪֮٣ȴҲܹ²ĳҪһԷǳѣ
ҶȻҼһҩʦõҩóɹǵҩͬһû¶κεԪ
ˣҩʦڳɹõҩҲɱֵúϲǻһȼߴ׵ҩʦأ
óɹĻ׵ҩʦԶķǰ㵭ȻҲ֪ķҩʦȼжߡ
ҶȻ˼Щ⡣
⿴ʲô˼ҲһԡͰ裬ʲôãǱվһԿŸã
ķЦеĶҶȻһ˵ţһ߻촽
ӿΪǰĻҶȻһųķ߹ȥˡ
ʱ˿̣ķĵЦҶȻȴֻһȻԭתӡ
˷Ӧÿ֮Ѿ˰׼ķ¡
ʱѪֺѪҲƫ֮Уķɵ÷˸ۣɴҲͲٶ˵ʲôڼ˵Ŀ֮£󷽷ֱӽԼ·˸⣬ԡͰ֮С
Żˮ֮ǰӵҶȻҲת˹ȻĿתĶķ
Ϻͷĩ˫£ԡͰˮǻǣķԡͰ֮УûнˮĲֱ¶ڼ˵Ƥӵ⣬ĲֵǱǵԡˮڵʵʵ
ҶȻ˿
ŶŴõĹߣѾǰԡͰԣȻķһֻ첲ʼĸķϴ
ķ۾һܵİԡͰҶȻ޵еҧгݡ
һﻹûһ߳ˣֱôϴ裬Ȼ˵̩ȻܲҪƤ
ҶȻҲ˵ΪʲôԼڿŶķϴ󣬻ûɵĸоΪŭɴֱӽԭƵķϡ
һһĺƤ޳ҿŲˬһǵģ
ҶȻЩĥ߶š
ķҶȻʱ۾ԡͰȻӿƺܣʵϣոսԡͰнݵĵһʱ䣬Ѿʼżʹˣ
ǰʮֳҩڻһγɵķĩֽ׳ѪۣķһУΪһҩʧܵ£żȻҩ
ȻƷӦֻǺ׵ҩȴͬһ㣡
ֱӽݵķʽҩͨƤëս֮УЩĩͻῪʼϴʹߵ壡
ܹʹʹߵѪʢͬʱܹ̼ʹͨë׽ڻķйʹʹߵӵʵ⣡
ййȫͬĸ
ڸոյ֮Ϊɾģһ˿һʡ
ʱƣɳĹвͣȡԼΧĿָ֮ɾʹͻ𽥵رƻ
йܽڵȫɾɻ᲻ɱĿʼĲӲ
ҲΪʲô֮˵ʱԽԽãΪԽСԽɾĹȻҲ°빦
ʱδȫ޷ܹĿޣٿǰһѵĻ
ʵϣ̣һḶ́
ΨһȽ鷳ǣڶʱĳЩѾΪһ֣йĹ̻ǳʹࡣ
һҪһĻ·Ƕ۵Ӹһ
ûʲôΣգֻʹ󲿷ֵ˾Ϳ϶ܲˡ
ķźǣһżȻƳҩ󣬿ϲ֮ʵ飬ȻյĽȴЦá
ҩֻá
ڵʱѾﵽķ˵ҩɱΪ˼ߡ
ʱķʵû뵽ȻҪõҩʱ
ÿһ缡ڿľʹķԼԼ壬ʼûгκʶ쳣Ӧ
ͬʱҲʼĬĬת˲ҩʼ˷
˲ߵʹһĿ飬ټҩﻹڲͣĴ壬ʱʹһ𣬶ʱķĥ
ƫƫķǿţʹֳ
ȻķȻڳݵʹ࣬ʹĳȻž޴ĺô
ķ֣ʹʽڻӵศ£ȻϣǷ˲Ƕʵйʼ˷Ծʽ٣
ķʹͬʱȴޱȵĿš


029 ͻƣ
ʱҶȻѪ̵۾ԡͰŶķȴһеģ
˶ͷӿĺˮܼЩ⣬ķ˸ǵĸоƺѾȫʵУҪ˯һ㡣
ڶͷĺˮܼ⣬ҶȻѪҲûж롣
ֻΪķ̫飬ĹУȻȳ˶һЩˮ
˸ûķֹĺˮӿΪڳżʹĿܡ
ķ⸱ޱܡӣվһԵҶȻʵ쳣ᡣ
ʮӵʱ䣬ķȴʼôһţԭһʼΪܹһЩ仯ҶȻѪ̶Щˡ
Ϊǵʮӵʱȥķ˱һ⣬ûзı仯
ΪʲôıһʼˡҲΪ¶İɣ
ΨŶڷĸķ裬һֱæµŵԵʣûҶȻѪʱʵǹĿ﷦ζ
Ŷ벻ͨǣôʱˣȻûнķֻ첲ɾʵ޷⡣
ʮӵʱѾķֻ첲ػصĴ˲¼ʮ飬ŶбǣÿһοѾĸɾĲٸɾˣһμȥĻܹ
Ĺעʼķĸ첲ϣԲûע⵽ķ¶ˮ֮ϵĲλʱѾһ۹ԡͰ֮ڵλͬˣ
ЩɢζѾҪԭԡͰڵܹڸǵķˣ
Ŷͷͬķֻ첲սҶȻѪѾЩͷʱԡͰڳ˱仯
ԭһֱʵʵİԡͰУʼûκζ仯ķȻԪǣ
ŶڲߣԪȫûκεĸ֪Բûвķı仯ȻʵʵķķŸ첲
ҶȻѪȴǵһʱ䷢쳣״
˱ѾЩ͵˲ʧ٣Ȼ߶ȼеסķͬʱ¶ŵɫ
Ϊ˵ӡԪǵֻһ·Ǳͻƣ
ɡķֻǵ谡ΪʲôͻƵļ󣿣
ѵǷĩã
ɻʱķͻҲѾɣ
ԭֻһƷ߾ķԪ֮ûκ谭ֱӳ˶ƷߵĲΣ
ҶȻѪ̸𾪵ǣķȻڴﵽ˶Ʒ֮󣬲ûоʹͣ£ǼŸ߸ͽ̬ƣһ·ôֱӳƷߵĲȥˣ
Ѫʶ˿ĭҶȻǱܵǰһֱڷĸķŸ첲Ŷԡ
ôϸķҶȻŷ֣ķ΢˫۵ı飬ƺȫܣϵ仯Ҳôһ˿ʹζ
ҶȻü۲ŵͬʱķԪȴֳ˱ǵ״
ʱķɢϢѾﵽ˶Ʒ۷ĲΣ
ɡⲻܰ
ҶȻʶţЩ˼Ŀǰʼһķû㹻׼ķһͻƣ
ϢһηԾʽıķѾﵽƷߵĲΣ
ҶȻĿɿڴĿķһƬհס
Ѫ̵ıҲûкõȥѪֻʶץסԼͷŵϴ
Ѫ˫۵ɵԲһģ
Ϊǰ״ѾȫҶȻѪ̶֪룬ڴ֮ǰ˴û˵˭ܹͻƾʱͻơ
ÿһκһεľһηǳḶ́屾ĴǶĸ򣬶ҪʱȥͻۣǴ󾳽绹С磬˵ͲСͻơĳ֣
ƫƫķ˵Ƥӵ£һֱΪɵ
˾ţȻģ
˱ǣķͻƵƷ֮Ϣǻûֹͣ
ʱķԼҶȻѪ˶𺳣ҲûκζľȥЩ
ҶȻѪֻܿϢһֱͻƾ·ͬԷˮһļ򵥣ȴڳܵʹൽжôֲ
˲һֱͣתţ׳Ѫ۵Ĵٽ£˲Ѿķתʮһ죡
Ҫ֪һ֮ǰķһ˲ʱ㾡ȫҲֻǿάַ˲תһѡ
һʱȥ־ڵʮһ졢һûоʹ˽ĳ̶ȣ
йȻξͻƸķṩ˴Ԫԭ򣬿ɸҪأȻķŰļ֣
ķļͣʱҲҪ͵ļޣһﾭܹЩ˵ɱѵĥ£ķѾȥˡ
ϢתȻٶѾûκֹͣ˼ķҧԼ峹׵ķ˺ݣ
֮󣬵ķоԼҪ֧Ųסʱ򣬷˲ǳɹ˵ʮתȻЩǿȴչǳɹˣ
ͬʱķԪαǣ
ŰԡͰķ˫ۣѾ˴ƷߵƷߵľͻƣ
ʱƫ֮ڣҶȻһĿı飬ѪѾҪ׵ķˣ
ֻʼû״ŶȻڷĴķĸ첲


030 ֲҩЧ
ָо
ķûע⵽ҶȻѪ̵ı飬˫ۺĵһʱޱȳ˸
˶Ŷûĸķһۡ
žƷߵĲΣ׳Ѫ۵ҩЧҲ׵ı˸ɸɾ
ټͬʱֹͣ˶ڷ˲ʹķڲüʹĥ
㡢㡢㡢㡢㡭ôģ
ҶȻ͵Ĵ̫ٹڵļ٣˽͵״
ķ˫ֻûȷ߱һӱǶǵľ
΢΢һʶӣǿҶȻС΢һķſڵʲôôģ
װɵȻľ⣡ղ磡簡磡ʵ̫˼ˣ˵ˣǬ򣬶δ˵˭ܹһģֻ߲ϵҲǰδУ
ҶȻɫΪЩ죬Ѫͬ쳤˲ӣȻûбֵҶȻʧ̬Ȼķͻƶɵ𺳣ȶҶȻɵٶ١
ֻѪ̵ݣҪѧαֳĬ
ȿȡô˵أȻһʽк֪ûСټ֮ǰƵַĩϣγĽʵҲû뵽ЧôõģԭҵԤУһνݣܹﵽƷߵ۷ΣѾˡȴû뵽վֱӳ嵽ƷߵĲΡ
ķЦԼıǼ⣬˵
֮˵ǳ˵ʣʵ֪ôȥҶȻ͡
ҶȻûлɣֻĬĬһ󣬱˼ĵ˵ͷ
ҶȻҪ׷ʣȻո컹û˵͵סԼıӺ졣
ʲôζķ㡭ôô
ȻͱԼסҶȻЩ˸Ǳһֱӵͬʱ˼ķһ൱ľ롣
ûķڣŶҲüͷ˺ҶȻͬķӦһ˲ķ˾롣
ķȻĵͷ˿Լŷʱϣֻ첲ɾ⣬ÿһ缡һ۹ǡ
Щ۹ɢŨζֱ֮Ż
ԭ֮ǰʱϵڸǣķϵĳζûȫɢ
ͻƵƷߵľ֮йʱܹڸǵļޡ
һʱ䣬ƫﶼֳζҶȻŶڷҲûа취ζ˸ɴһǰһֱܳƫ
Ѫ̶һۣźĬͬʱķǸǷǷҲĶӵ˳ȥ
ķɫʱޱΡ
ͷ¿˿ת˲ֻʣԼƫѰ˼žٽŶŶҲǲģķֻεԼֿʼϴ塣
Щ۹ǴڱӲİʣȻޱȣķһϴţһŬϢżٺƵʡ
ĬĬĸпš
׳Ѫ۵ҩЧȻǿǿѪÿԼߵĲٶΪ˴һõĻ˷̫ʱ䡣
Ͼʱ䡭ԣ
֮⣬ȫ޳ʵЧǶԺżĺô
Ҫ֪һУǴﵽĲʱҲûɾ⣡
ڡŽֻƷ߶ѣ
ķԤͨ׳Ѫһ·ͻߣﵽʦĲ֮ڵʺܻܿᱻ׵ųɾ
⽫ζţʱ򲻻κƿͬʱҲﵽһ˼ٶȣ
һΪһ׳Ѫֱۣҩ
κܹͨ׳ѪôֻҪܵסйʵʹ࣬δĳɾͣ¶
ѹҩʦһֱһԣܶʱƷ׵ĸߵͣζһС
ͱ׳Ѫۣԭ϶ͨԵʣƷ׶ǺףԹ׵ıԵǵЧ۵ĻȻǺŽ׵Ķҩ׳ѪҲƱҪԶԶ硣
٣ЧĺŽ׵ĵҩҲΪ棬Ӹȥıһߵʣ
һ㣬ķǳĿ϶ΪһУһܹƳŽ׵ҩĶҩʦ
ȻڶͷĵķĳɾҲҩ͡
ΪöָԵʣȫҪԼľǷ㹻⡣
εķãҲɶӰ졣
˼ǧ˺һᣬķڽԼ˳ʱԡͰڵˮѾһƬīڡ
ķԡͰ˳Ҳ֮˶پޱȵˬ
Ψһźǣƫڵζʵڹأ˿Ҳ
ٵĴ˷Աߵ¿㣬ķһĴܳƫ
ֻոճţķֱӱҶȻԺѪһһҵվҶȻ
˿ķ񣬷·Ҫ̻һ㡣


031 ת
ȿȡôǡôң
ķŽߵҶȻڨЦʵ
ҶȻûɵЩ顣
õǸĩʲô֣
ҶȻӣȷķû֮ǰŨĳζſʵ
ҶȻЩǣķȻûֳζȴ֪Ϊʲô·ĶһЩĪ㡭
Լҩûһϵ֡ҽеk׳Ѫۣǲͦ׵ģ
ķͷش
Լģ˵ǷĩģҲ˵֮⣬ûҩʦַĩ
ҶȻ¸˾㵵ɫ
ǵģҶİɣkĳһ⣬ǺȻĽǳá
ķʼ˵
ķ϶ĻشҶȻϵıãȻࡣ
ͻȻܺ桭ȥʮôɹģҺܺ㾿˶ٵĿࡢ˶ѹµĻ֮ǰôСʱͱȵǰ졣
ҶȻ૵ķԺвĸԼǶʮɱġ
ǳźڰȫûйĶʮʱ⣡
ܹӵǰһУԼԹеĿ࣬еʹ֮£㶼ֵõģ
ҶȻڵ⸱ӣȻѾ׵гɼػڣһʱ䣬ںҶȻĹϵϾ֮ĽչķԴʮֵ⡣
ٺ٣ȤĻǽԱҹұ֤֪飬ȫ֪޲޲㿴ɺã
ԺĪȥķ¹ЦݣҶȻĶԣ˵
ҶȻֻöһķӰЩԵҲ˲䱻ƻС΢죬޺޵̧һֱӳķĶ˹ȥ
˭Ҫҹ
һȻߵķǳͻȻҶȻԵĲ˵ķûҲ͵ٶϺǷȱ
ȻģһûĿꡣ
ͻƳΪƷߵķķӦٶѾ˾޴һĲĲ㿪ҶȻһš
һУҶȻҲûм˼ֻǿķǸƣӣʵЩһ
үѵ֮ǰҴģ˵ܹµʱƷʦĲΣҪʹ⡭׳Ѫ۲ɣ
վһԵѪ̲סʵ
Ȼǣ׳ѪȻЧѣֻʦµĲЧһʦ֮ϣ׳Ѫ۱㲻κˡûǲģ˵ڷϵԼһΪߵĲοʼͷ׳ѪҲЧ
ķºЦſڽ͵
û뵽Ѫӵ˵ķḻѪӵҪһʦµʱƷƷôΨһĿܾǳ漣
׳Ѫ۾ֻЧѪ̺ҶȻͬʱ¶޷εʧ
磬ÿһ߶׷󣬶Ǹֲıܡ
ֻЧ׳Ѫ۵ÿҲʵ̫ˡ˵ĺ֮ǰʮʱ䣬߶ǣȴʱͻƳΪߣһٴﵽƷˮ׼޷쳣ģ׳Ѫ۱ȻҲҪáȻˣ׳Ѫ۾;ԲȥǻļҴ޴Σա
ҶȻܿ㽫ʧԺϸϸ˼һһ˵
ѪҲͬ˵ͷ
ȻֻЧƣЩĴڣǶںܶе˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ܹһڴʱʡȥʱϵģԺķչƱػ𵽾޴ƶã
ﵽʦεԽСδչĿռͻԽ
İɣǺŶб֪׳Ѫˡ٣ҵʵ㹻ǿ֮ǰ
ķô˵ţȴţȻ֪׳Ѫ۲ߵľ磬ܹĻ֪Ȼ᲻ŵĸɴ׵İ׳Ѫ۵ķֱӻٵ
ֽȻǺģʵķ˵ȴûʲôҪ
йǰһľķʱļ֮ڣЩǲŵģЩǿŵġ
ʣŶҶȻķΪΡκλɵˡ
Ѫ̡ЩڱļҴ֮֮ǰ޸ĸΪĿ¶
˵ļҸһС
ټϴӽ뵽ļ֮ʼհǵϴʽʹЩѪ̶ļҵҳϣԶһЩӵ֮ϣ
ÿһѪ̣Ǽֵεıݣļ˵Ĺʶ
ʵϣķһẒ́Ҳһ֤ʵһ㡣
ͺãˣҲ˵ˡ챻̼ЩͷеκġԼɽĿɣҪȥϢˣ㡣
ҶȻЩп˵
ٺ٣ֱס¾ˣֲס㡣
ķЦٴοڵϷ
ҶȻԴȴûκҪֽѵķ˼ֻǰķһۣȻķЩתֱ뿪Ժӡ
ֻ߳Ժ֮ŴԺƮ˽
ǾҪıˣڣһûլסµȤ
ķʱɴ۾
ѪҲͬʱĳķ˴Ĵָ


032 ĥʯ
ʱ峤լԺڣԼ鷿ȤĿǰڷŵһдֵֽ
ܹܼҰվĵ࣬ͷ֣˻ָһֱ͵״̬
˼¼ݣǸС֮ǰЩȷȷʵʵûбֳκε쳣һеΪһѧӦеӡһγֱ仯ʱǴ쿪ʼģ
еֽŻϣһֻʶûţͬʱʵ
ʱȽϽʱѼĽпܳһЩ©
һԵܹܼҹش
Ȼ©Ҳ̫ࡣ٣ǻСʲô쳣ٶĻǿ϶ᱻ¼ڰģЩڼ⣬ֻڲŵǣе켣ǳѪ̳˸尲ȫ⣬ͬʱڼԱҲһļְݣʱȽϽҲǲʲôġ
ŤͷܹܼңЦżܲáķСӾô˵ǲ׵ģʮȴͻȻ֣ҾȻȫ˽
Ϊ˸еھΣϾ嶼ƭˡȻӣľϣʵҲһЩ֮ͬѡ
ܹܼҿο
óΪ
ȻΪһ֮ҪǵģԶ档
ףվһλס
û£֪ʵǬӡеôˣչ˿ܵģֻ֪ķı֣ô
ҡҡͷٴظһԼ⡣
ܹܼҵ¶һ˿ΪѵɫһᣬſڵӦѾ˾жϣֻõ֤ʵԼжǷȷ
ûлشֻǿܹܼңʾܹܼҼ˵ȥ
ܹܼҳº󣬼˵ҵжӦǺͼһģϣû˻һҹ֮䷢ʵı仯ǸͲͬһˡκεı仯Ӧһϻ۵Ḷ́㹻ǰᣬŻγһյĽԣүһҹ֮䷢˾޴ת䣬ԭˣ֮ǰЩıֻ֣Ϊұαװ
ûҲ뷨ҡܹǸС˾޴ѹʹòͨ۵ķʽȥαװԼˣֻǿ
̾˿
ȻΨһĽͣүʼչֳǱʵʱոհһ꣬ô룬Ҷ޷һĺӣص˼
ܹܼ󣬻˵Լ벻ͨĵط
ܿôŵĽֻۣҪkΨһĽͣô۾ȷġкܶ飬޷ó뷨ȥ⡣ǲòϣǡǡЩ޷ó뷨ȥ˻£ƶ粻ǰԴ
αϣĿЩǰķ˫ۺ޾۽ļ˵ֻõĺĲŻᴴʷƽӹֻܷ֮塣ˣǱǸСӴ꣬ǸСֻаʱ򣬿Ѿʮˡһ˵ĳȻܵӰ죬ӰأȴڻҶһ㣬Ųɡ
˵ܹܼҲ˵ͷ˵ǡүǱߡ費Ҫעһ£
ǻСӶôˣȴͻȻˣȻԼ뷨ֻҪһԿžͺãھᷢʲô飬㲻ҪˡҴܹµǸСӵҪʲôƨɾԴΪ峤ܶ鶼ܸ¡ҲǿֻǹȥЩʱһȻӣȴӲһӣվ㹻£ұվ峤ĽǶȥ⡣
ƽǰ·ڽʲô
ЩУܹܼҲûнӻֻǰһվš
ˣɣСӾǳ棬ڻ֮磬˵ģȻҪѣһɳ죬ô㲻赲סĽŲһѵҪվҪĥʯĴȻ˵Կƽ
һ˵ţһվתԵܹܼ˵ǻСӴӮЩҩģҹͲܹȫ׼ȫˡʹеĶȥɣף˵㻰
ǡ
ܹܼҹӦ

ˣ
ĿԼԺΪĲɵϰؼʱ򣬾ͿС鲽߽Ժӣʱͣ˸ûκЧϰʵ
լһƬǽѾкʰɾʰ󣬸˾ѾĿ˸֧ߡ
ѾӶ֣ĿȻЩ
ǣѾϵˣֵɱֻҪǰһЩ׼պֵĹأϮɱĿ֮ǰҪĶĿ˽⹤гﱸͨõصϢκ⵼ʧܵĿܡ
ӴյĿĶԣ˵
Ҫã
Ŀĺ΢΢Щ
նԷ˵಻ʮ졣
ӳ
ܺã
Ŀڳ˿


033 º
ڶһ磬Ÿʱԭ֮еķͱܹܼҵĵԼ̡
լӵĴţŻСҩĵܹܼһվſڣķһ
ܹܹܼôܾĥʹ࣬Ҳܹʹļ尾£Ȼ˿Ըεϣжô
ǡҲ̫˰ɣ
̫ûȫ
ķǰһذı飬ܹܼԼҲоЩ˼ԭģκҹеҩȫռȫ֮һϱû˯š
ľͻԷ£һ뵽ĥԼʮ֮õľֺпϾͻᱻΣ˵˷ܡ
ͬʱܹܼʵǺ£һĽʧô죿
ôܹܼҲûȥڵƣֻ뵽Ʒʧܸա
ʵϣܹܼҴû˵˭йֺ󣬻ֵܹ֮꣬Ƴġ
Щûдﵽܹһ㣬ֲΣҲܹӴĵġ
ʵôȥˣ۳ԼҲĺ˵׼δжٵ¿ɻܹܼҵ˼Ҳ𽥵ĶȥˣٲʱĲʺͻ롣
ʱ䣬ܹĥ̫׳־
ԭһֱȥʼûʲô仯ĻܹܼҲˣļҵȻѵζȴʤƽ
һˣҲûʱô徢
ƫƫʱķȴͻȻа취׵ھֵƣ
ˣпָ֮ǰľ磡
֪Ϣܹܼҵľ޷ټֵ
Ϊ־ֺ֮ȻϣͬҹէȻų˹һܹܼϲͬʱҲɱĳ˻ûʧ
ֻûʧܹܼշתһϣ΢߸ոշһĨǰ׵ʱܹܼҾֱӴԷ˳
һҩģһ·СķԺ
ȿȣүЩֽϼصҩˣҶˡ
ǰɫЩˬķܹܼһڨЦţһ߽ǴСҩİڵķǰ
šаɣȻôҲͱ˷ʱˣȥ·ͳ
ķ̾˿ܹܼһӣҲͲȫɢˣ˵ͬʱѾתԷȥ
ȥģ
ܹܼվſȻʵ
ȥ޾峤ﰡ޾峤ϵլԺǼΨһһҩܹƾƵĵҩƷ׿ɲ͡òΪܹҩЧֻƾԼ˫ֵ֣ܰҩƳɣ
լﴫķ
ܹܼҶʱһ죬ګګվԭأٶʡ
ķĶܿ죬ûܹܼҵȶãѾһ·ܵ鷿ֽдһ̵ԸŶֽŵ˿ٴ߳լӡ
ʱ䣬Ŷ˯죬ķҲû
ѪֺѪķո߳լӵĵһʱ䣬ϢĳķķҪ£˴ܹܼúȫҩģһ˳Ժӣ޾Ժӷȥ
ܹܼңϻ飬ղöĽʲôҴ֮ҾҲǰˣǲô
ǰȥ޾Ժӵ·ϣķЦǺǵĿʵ
ضүϻղöĽǣ԰Ŀ٣˽̼޶ǮиΣѾҲͬʱ˼˷鵽Ϊֹټ׷ڱ˽̵ǮǮͺ׷أֻ˴ͬʱ
ܹܼһ˵һ룬ȻͣЩԥ
ͬʱʲô˵޷ҶԼĳЩϵ޳ܣ㹻֪׼
ķ΢Ц˵
ܹܼҿһµͷ˵ͬʱη²ϵĹʧΪȻʾ޶Ǯֱӻӻ¹ܹ˽˾޶Ŀȴһֱûб˷֣ҲвжΡη볤ϻͨһ飬ԺϸܹȡǮĿպҪȡǮĳһȣҪϻͬſִС޾峤ϱȷķͶƱĽͨ顣
ȻˣҼȻô϶ôһǵмµ棬²̨ҪǲңҲͲƢˡ
ķν˵
ķıƺĲ⣬ܹܼ˿ǿڵү飬ǳϻľ飬ټϼڲɳϻѿأ¼֪㲢ƽҲǲ˵ġ
׵ģֲʲô¡ηΪǣһ۾ֻܶԼһĶֵصˣԶҲɲ˴
ķ˵
ܹܼҺǲ̧ͷķһۣдͷûٶ˵ʲô


034 ֮ţ
޾լԺķլԺ֮벢ԶļƬլڣҲֻгϻļλԼķĿ峤ֱϵܹӵеԺס
㲻ϴ𣬵Ϊڴ壬լռվҪעһЩӰ죬硭ܱܲȳռӿ㡣
ˣ϶ĺԺȺס״̬
ʹӣǵһЩϸļֱϵӵҲûж𣬵λײʹǣסȽϲˣȫҪ˻ӡ
ĵײʹӵĴʵҲҪԶԶĸ߳ƽˮƽ
ڣܹΪļֻһҵʹӣƶ˼ҳˣΪ롣
ڳֻһңɼ롣
ķһ˺ܿ޾լԺ⣬ʱ̫Ҳڳ׵ߣվլԺԺſڵ˼򵥵ͨһ󣬱˵˽ȥ
޾ȻӭֻķҪõҩ޾岻ɵЩ㶡
ҪʵǴΪ֮⡣
ȿȡүҩȻû⡣ֻãҩβȥģʵҩ̫ļ£ҲôһΪ˵õҩ帶˼ĴۡûҩʦҪ˵ҩ֮ҲΪ
޾һ˵ţһܹܼ߳ʹ˸ѯʵɫ֪ķڳһ
ͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôܹܼһĻͬķһ
޾û뵽ǣܹܼҶѯʵûκηӦ˴ķ󣬾ɮ붨һ㡣
˷Ӧȴ޾жϳƫΪķҩǳĵ⡣
ģұҲûҩߣֻҩȽϺ棬ҪԼԡҲ֪ҩûҩĻǺʲôġ
ķЦеĻش
޾ӳԾˣ˿ķǲƿЦӣжϳƫȻķ˵ʵ̫ű߼ʣȴҲûٶʲô
ֻΪķĳϻԺֵķǳ⣬Ȼٴֲŵ뷨ȴҲûֹȨǶĽˡ
˵ͷ޾岻ٶ˵Ǹɴķһֱ˷ҩķ䣬ػڷ֮ļ廤޾ƿ˷Ĵš
һķһװҸ߶ȵҩ˼˵ǰ
ˣȻүҪҩǱҲáСʹҩ۶үҩĽΣҪ֤ҩܵκεˣĻ㻹ңû彻ġ
޾ָָҩȻķЩ̤ʵĶ
İɣ˵ˣܹܼҲԱ߿ţ㲻ңҲӦ÷ܹܼҰɡ
ķЦǺǵ˵
޾һҲǣЦŵ˵ͷתȥ
ѪԼѪֽеҩȫŵҩԱߺķֱվⷿ⣬ſҩڼ䣬κⴳš
˳˷䣬¹˷źķſʼЩССİҩĽǰڵĴ
һվŵܹܼҿķǷĶһʱĺ棬ɵÿʵүǴЩҩġƵҩҵ˼ǡҩʦƳֵҩ
԰ҪȻΪҪЩҩʲô
ķͷҲ̧˵
Ҳ˵㶮ҩʦֶΣ˵ʵһҩʦ
ķ϶ĻشܹܼҶʱһһʼΪķҪЩҩģǴͨҽһЩҩȻķҪƾֵƣ쿪ģķʮӣҲʹܹܼҶôһЩġ
û뵽ķĿģȻҩ
λүҩʦֶΣôأ
ļڣûκһҩʦүĶҩʦıµĻǸ˭ѧģ
ҡֲһؼҪܹƾƵĵҩ¾ͨĵͽҩʦܹģ
ܹܼҷǳȷǣǽеͽҩʦ϶Ʋĵҩ
ؼǣķгɳܹܼҶһʵûκιķܶҩļ䡣
˲֪֮⵽ô£
ҩʦɣֻڵ߲κԪܹƵĵҩƷײ̫ߡƾƵֵҩǡĿǰܹƵĵҩƷ׵ļޡ
ķһ˵ţһѾʼֶЩҩĽгεԪӹˡ
ķԪźֳ߾磬ԭķȻҩܹܼҶʱŴͣ
ϣ
⡭⡭ʲô
ѵԼۻ˲ɣ
ܹܼһĿʶʹ˲Լ۾Ȼٴοķű㵹һǲľ¡
Ʒߣ
Լûۻ
ķڵľ硭ѾﵽƷߵĲΣ
⡭ʵ̫ˣ죬ԼۿոմﵽһƷߵľ簡
һʱ䣬磿
ʲôЦôܡôأ
ǴǬĴųƴǬʷĵһţʦ޼ɣ䵱߲ʱļ¼ҲֻһʱͻƵʦľɣ
൱һһͻٶȱѾǴǬǰδеĿֲ޼ɸΪǴǬ߰ʷУһλпͻƷ˼ޡ봫˵еʥͽ֮ľ֮ţ
Ȼһͻһٶȡǰķһ֮ڱͻȡûñȰɣ
һһ綼ǰδеˡķʲô


035 Ž׵ҩ
һרעԪЩҩĽںϳķܹܼҵһθо羹˵Ĳʵ
ҩʦȻֻֽһʱ磡
λһֱֻƵĶү׻˶ٶ
ķûע⵽Լľܹܼ˶𺳣ʱ߶ȼУֻڽҩ֮ǰ׼Ҳȫעû˿ġ
ҪƵĵҩΪһַǳĺĽ׵ȼĵҩ
üΪһƫƫƵĹȴޱȸӣҪҩԭϲ󣬵ڶַͶԪĿƶҪ󼫸ߣֵܹҩҩʦҲǺϲεˮ׼С
ҼǺ׵ҩʦƣɹҲ͵˷ָ
ټΨһЧƾֵƣ֮⣬ô
صȻҲζŵҩֻضмֵ
ֵҩҩʦܹļǮúķ
ڿϵҩļֵҪֵҩ׬ǮҩʦֺѽֵҩƳ
ȻĵǼеıĵʵƳϼȺ
ķǰҲֻǿܹƶѣϾڽֻƷߵľ硣
ͨҩʦ˵ûдﵽڵĲΣôӵеԪͶԪľ΢ƣͲ
ķھԷ˲ͨݹ׳Ѫһٴﵽת˲ʮĲκȻ绹ֻƷߣڵԪȴѾͨľƷ߲ˡ
ͬʱһУķһŽ׵ҩʦػ֮û˾֧ţ顢ַԼԪƿȴڡ
Щһ𣬲ķһİա
ˣҲǰٷ֮ٵģķ˿Ĵ⡣
ƵҩıʵҲһ
ܿ콫׼ȫãķ㵥ҩĶϣͬʱԪţʼҩм
ͨҽ߰ҩҪͨ¶ȶҩаơ
ҩʦ򲢷ˣҪЩҩƳĵҩҪԪ
ͨԪҩ͸ֵȥȡ侫ҩĵĲͬҩڻͨγɵҩ
ҩͬˣδԪҩ߱κҩĹЧֻͨԪҩȻ󲻶ϵԪάҩҩҪġ
УҩƷܹͬ𵽼Ϊؼã
Ʒ׵ҩӵиĴʣܹЧļҩʦҩеԪģͬʱڵҩҩЧҲǵƷ׵ҩܹġ
Ʒ׵ĺһҩҩʦƵҩĹУҩЧӷɢıﵽٷ֮ʮ
ӵһõҩҩʦ˵Ҫģ
ͨԪҩķҪѾõҩȫҩ֮УϵĶȴȻͣ˰ա
ҲǲܿƵ¶һ˿ı顣
Ϊ֣ԼԪҩ֮ڣΪưܵҩԪʾǼΪˣ
Ʒ׵ĺһҩԪֻͬаٷ֮ʮңҲ˵ҩ˶ԪҩܹӳԪԶֻһ롣
ǰҩԪʣȻѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮı׼
ѵԼĴɣ
ķ㵵ļԪȴҩĴʵжϡӦû
ɡⲻʵ
Ҫ֪ǺŽҩܹӵеԪʰ
Ʒ׵ҩһﵽķӵй
ȴȻļһС֮УǿʲôЦ
ԪѾ鲼ҩ֮ڣȻŰٷ֮ʮҵĺ𣬵ĴŰٷ֮ʮĵ׼ȫԺԲˣ
ȷԼĸоûķһʱֻޱȻļѵǾ۱費ɣϵöָ⣬Ȼֳôһҩ
Ȼҩļֵ϶ԶԶȲϵĽָóȥĻҲôǬڵҩʦˣ
Žҩ½Ǭнȫ׳죬¶Ҳһ
ȴƫƫССļլɳ
˵ȥ˭Ű
үôˣǲʲô⣿
վһԵܹܼڿķĶȻͣ󣬲ɵúǽŵĿʵ
ûû£ǸܹܼңҩĹУ۷κ飬Ҫңпܻᵼҩʧܡ
ԭеķܹܼҴԼ˼عɵЩε˵ͬʱֽǴҩȫӵҩ֮УȻר־Ŀʼơ
ҩǲǺŽ׵ƷԪ⣬ҲҪٿƵҩĹУҩЧıЧ
ǵĻǾǼ񵽴ˣζЦ֣
㲻ǣӵŰٷ֮ʮԪʵҩҲȻǷƷ
Բôпܴﵽ˺ŽײεҩһҪõֵģ
Ψһ鷳ǣҩڼУȻ岻֪ҩƷףֻǺһ׵ҩļС˵Ҳȫ޼֮
ҪҩչԼУƺҪһ
ķһһĬĬš


036 
ƹ̻˳ȻҪŶԪĿƣҩ֮ڲͣķҩģٲͣںϣҹڸֲͬҩ֮ںϵıżΪϿҪ
ҪķʵûʲôѶȡ
֮ǰĵ⣬ԼԪп޷֧ŵסҩ̵ġ
ֻҲҩԤͻȻİٷ֮ʮļٶɢ
ԶķƱΪһս顣
һԵܹܼҺǲԵĿţȻҩûкϸǣܹ˳ŶĿЩҩԪĿ±óɸָ̬Ȼ˴˽ַȫò
ķڿԪҩЩƵʱַжô
ʱվ￴ķƵҩĲܹܼңҩʦеκһѾڵ϶ķչֳĶַԼԪľƶĤˣ
вܿŵоֻܿ֡
ܹܼãȻؿţֻܹͨǰĳȷķȷʵҩʦѡ
ʲôƷ׵ҩʦܹܼҾȫˡ
ˣҲ㹻ܹܼ˷쳣ˡ
˷ܲȫĿԼھƵ⣬ͬʱҲķҩʦһ𾪵ʵ
һļܹӵһҩʦôԤǣò˶ãѾļұ˴ʱңͽ׵ıļ
ܹܼýʱķƹҲӽβҩѾʼΣټĶڣƯһöŰɫĵҩ
ЩټĶǿռռ˲һҩģʱѾȫʧ
ҩķ֮ǰƹУеҩȫƳŨľȻγ˴ʱڶǿռеĵҩ
ҩһֲԲΣʱƣֲԲλۿɼٶȽ
öҩ׵ıԲ֮Ĺ̾Ǵ󹦸ˡ
Ȼڴʱ֮ȴǺȻ
ķǳͻأҲʵ㲻СȻӷ֮⴫˽ʱѳڻеܹܼһ
ķҲܵӰ죡
ɵʱ̳֮˳ķҲûʼʱǰСĽ
ҩĹ̵˺Ժ˾ѾڷĶõ˼ҪôܽǰҩӼҪˡ
⼴ɵʱķעرļУȻͻأʱķܵ˲С𶯣
𶯵ӰĴҩ֮ļ
ӿµǣŵöɵҲ˶ʼ˷·Ҫļ
ۿžҪޱԲĵ䵤ϾȻҩʼֹѵĺۼ
ô£淢ʲôˣ
ķŭһ䣬ͬʱæ񣬾ȫĶҩ
˭һ鼴󹦸ɵʱȴͻȻ״Ƕޱȵŭ
ܹܼȻҲ˶ﵤҩı仯ķŭֱܹܼ˾ֵĳ̶ȡ
ǹϵĥʮ֮õܷĵҩ
ͻȻĳֱҪ
ϳֵĹѺۼܹܼҵ˲ɤϡ
ۿķŭһ󣬱Ϣ¾ȫĿʼԪеҩ֮°Ŷڵҩ״Ҳûټȥ
ܹܼԷ£һܻĳŷſڳȥ
Ҫ˭ҪĹؼʱܳң
ȻڿѪ̿»˴ѪӺѪȻҶ䶯ֱס
϶Ǹڼеλˡ
˭ȻʱܳңһҪöԷÿ
Ȼܹܼļ⼸ʮΪ˴һֱǳĵ͵ⲢζܹܼұƢжá
ֻǴûĴĵߣܹܼȻҲΪһЩС¶ͱ˼ƽϡ
Ͼﵽھĸ֣۽ȻҪԶļҵ˶ӿһЩ
ɽȴȫͬˣƵ⣬ļҴˣӣ
ŶԴܹܼҷĳ˷ѸٵĽŹķ¾
Ȼܵһĳٵҩûеĳ̶ȣüȥأ
ֻҪĵľȻҪ֮ࡣ
ܹܼҳ˳ȥ˲ͣϢķûټȥᣬȫעĶǰҩ
ڶڵĵҩ䵤ĹѺۼ֮ٵػָţ
ֹ˼ӣöҩڳ׵׵ıһԲ״ҵһʱҩڵ˳
ķֻӳֱӽĵҩץС
ŵԼǰָŰϵĵҩϸķֱŵҩ̺Ԫ˲ϲ
űŵĲˬҲ֮ʧ
ҩЧɢֻвٷ֮ʮң
ǺŽ׵ҩ


037 
ʱڷҩķ⣬ܹܼһɷĶǰһһŮˡ
ѪԼѪһһҵվܹܼҵ󣬱Щεļڷſڡ
еŮӿɫЩֻ֣̿ץӵĸ첲·ܵ˲Сľš
Ӿͬɫ԰ףȶҲ΢΢ĴŲϵıȴǷŭ־塣
ʱŮܹܼһֲ֣˸˵
˵ƶŮʲôãֻͻȻӷڳܹܼŭʮ㣬һϢ˶о쳣ΣգȻܵŵ£ȫʶԼԼ
ֱܵķӦӿȴʵ棬仹ŮӵƤӵ£
رڿǴӷ˾˭ӸǾŭӵľԼܵ˼ƺ衣
Ϊǰо־ˣȻֻǼһܼң
ܼһֱźĹܼΣ
ܼҾǹܼңˣ
һ˾Ȼֱϵӵܣ⻹ûˣ
ĵķŭѹ־壬Ҫڳܹܼŭʵʱ򣬷ȴǺȻ
ܹܼңˣɡĲ˭ѪѪʱסǣҪǸҼֵĻ͸Ҵ򣬴ǲٳΪֹҸ𣡡
ܹܼһŭıʱӲϲǿżʱת³˷ٲŮ
Щ죬ûǾ˭ֱӱŵ̡
˭˵ſ񣡣
ȻʱѪ̵ļȻڼžصĵλֲǼһè׿óϻϣ
ƽʱڼĿǿͿģ˭Ķ
㸺㸺
Ӻһܹܼת˷䣬Ҫ̧ȥҪ˭˵Ļ
ֻȻûȥѪѪ˾ǰһᣬǰ
û뵽ǣҪͷһڶѪѪӽѵ⣬ĻûкѪӾǱֱӶ֣
һֻסĲӣȻһֻ˲佫˫ַûκηĻᣬֱӰġͨһ˵ϣ
һԵŮʱͻȻı仯ɵۣʶľҪڼУѪȴѾǰͬʱûκϧֱץסŮӵ͡סŮӵĽ
ŮޱȾֵУѪֿŵһֻʳָԼߣڳһơ
ҲǱŹڵϣԴʹţ˫۶Žߵʯ壬һãȻŵı顣
ôңôң
ڸղţŭѪֻ̻ĵڷǰȴ˿ҶκζģôھȻ͸Ҷˣ
⵽ô£һܼҾ͸ܳŻżѪ̾ȻҲҶֱӶˣ
⡭Ļļ
Դү侲һЩΥȻǲ㶯֣ȻȷôɷҪ󳳴ֵĻǾֻܶˡԣʵʵĶԴҶкô벻Ҫ
ѪĮؿ˵
áǺãǺܺãҼסˣҼסˣ
ԴĴŴʯ˫һƬͨ죬Ǳһϵеıʴ̼ЩҪˣȴվǱһǣԲûмֻ˻ɤӣޱԹ˵
ʱķ֮ڣķѾöݸܹܼҡ
ܹܼޱȼޱСĵĽӹǰɫԲҩŵҩֶ΢΢زš
ôˣ˰ɣⵤҩɺԽЧԽãΪǲרŵ߽б桢ôڿеĻҩЧǻһֱڻӷ״̬ġ
ķЦſ˵
ǣǣҡͳԡͳԡ
ܹܼ˿ĭȻһֲֻ˲ԼͷΪŶĺˮŽҩһ˶ӵС
ŵҩ븹ܹܼȻоһɳˮ˲ڵ֫ٺ
ţûܹܼҺúõָожô;ȵķ֣Щ̵̾ʮ֮õľƣȻӿʼֻļ
ֻٶ죬ֻǼʱ䣬ֵӰѵЩѾҪ׵Ļָˣ
ҩЧǿբĺˮһ㣬ӿȵ˲ռܹܼҵȫܹܼûüȥϲͷĥʮ󼲡Ȼ㳹׵Ȭˣ
⡭ֱ漣
ܹܼŴɣҪ˵ԪȴͻȻֿʼӿı
ܹܼһϢ㲻ܿƵĳ˷Ʒʦ۷塭һƷڡһƷ۷塭Ʒڡ
ϢķȺٶȣһԵҶնĿɿڴ
һֱǿ˶Ʒ۷壬ƷڵżܹܼԪƽϢ
ʱҶߣܹܼߣѾЧ׵ˡ
ܹܼ֮ŷӦ˹ΡΡĿ˿Լ˫֣ȻգȷԼĻָ֮ǰľɲǼ䣬ϲ
үһݣ£û
ܹܼޱȼ˵ţͬʱ˳Ҿأֱӹķǰ


038 ķĳŵ
ķûֹܹܼҵĶҲûвÿôվԭܹܼһȻǰ˫ֽܹܼҲ
ܹܼҵϥĻҳܹܼһԼı飬Ц˵һˣΪ˱ģֻϣԺöǷУծѻôһ飬ԺҲɸӰġ
үͬ죬һܳģ
ܹܼҼȻûа취ȫס˵Щ
ܹܼңô˵ĻΪǼϹἸʮ꣬Ҫʲôл
ķһ˵ţһ߻ֹܹܼҪڵ˼˵ˣǾͲҪˣ˵⼸ʮΪļһжӦģȻҲ˵öҩҲӦġ֮ǰ֪оƵ飬ԲŻһֱûκαʾţ֪ĻҲһΪ˰κƶ뾡취ȻˣǱڶ˱˴Ӧȥ飬ǻʲôûлأ
˵ķܹܼҵļЦеļ˵˵ˣл֡˵Ե̫֣˵ܹܼһҪѧ竱־벻ɣ
竣үҪ竣֮£ûܱ֮ΪˡЩүصġǹİ
ܹܼҿЦҡͷûټл֮Ļ
Ȼм֮鲻ķô仰ͳ׷£Ȼķ˵ģֻ̫ˣԵ֡
ܶ飬ͺãԶȶ˵塣
ܹܼ⻰˵ĲԣʲôûأҲȷȷʵʵһ竣ȻԭڣôֻһֱʵˣڵơʲôʱܹˣⱾûе
ķЦſ˵
ܹܼ£Ц˵ԣү˵ǣҲֻǶүͻȻԼ屣ҩȤҩڼ˵̫ҪҲͬ
ˣ˵ܹܼ˾֮ǰȻѾƷˣ⻹ǳҵ֮⡣öЧҲõЩ棬ܹȫָ֮ǰΪ硣
ķһ˵ţһĦ°ͣͷ˿ҩ
ûķԪ룬ҩѾ±Լԭưܵģ
ֺֻۣȴķõkС
ΪҩȻġ
Ȼ£ܹﵽŽס֪õ״̬£ʲôƷ׵ҩ
ǰ˾֮ǰѾﵽƷ۷ˣδϣΪģϧˣӣҲաҲôˣָܻľѾ֮ңԺֻļҰ꣬ҲͲˡ
˵Լ磬ܹܼԵЩɺ
⻰ҿɲͬȻδ˵ԸȻҪȥŬɵkϣüȥȼա
ķعͷߴҩתƵܹܼҵϡ
Լ֪Լ£Ȼ󼲾ȥѾ˼ʮʱ䣬Ⱳӵ˶ҲǻָƷ۷ѣԶҲȥ֮Ȼвʵ뷨ҲûзıǮˡ
ܹܼһЦ˵
ܹܼңһ顭ҼȻȫȻҲа취ȥѵҩʦóʲôҩʦóĿǻΪ档
ķָָԼ˵
ܹܼҿЦŵɫʱһȻŤͷסķ
ķܹܼҵļЦ˵ڻܸʲô֤ϾȽ⣬⼸ʮƻһöȫȫġȻڿѾȫˣվ廹ЩɡϣֳºֱӴһ·ĶУʲôǲܵģȻһ죬һһȲһĵġ
Ȼķûаѻ˵ܹܼҵȴѾһĨ죬ǵ˫Ҳࡣ
ȷʵδ˵Ըֻǹȥôʱ䣬һֱֵܾӰˣѾĻ䡣
κãָ֮ǰ״̬ҲֻǼڿԲÿȥ־ѵʹࡣ
˵νȴԸ֮뷨ܹܼҸûпǹ
Ϊĳڵܹþֽˣô֮õʱ䣬ֻҪûĻȻ㲻֪ǿĳ̶ȡ
֮£ȴʮĹôٺĳȣ
ȻвʵǰȥѰܹܼҿҲȡˡ
ɴʱһķ˵ܹܼұѾŵģʱٴοʼԾ
԰ǰλүһλҩʦ
Ȼ֪ƷףȻֵƶܹƣȻͣ
οү˵ᣡϾܹΪһƷײ͵ҩʦδĳɾ͡ýֺͷȥ룬Ҳ֪Ȼɣ
˫۷ܹܼңķ΢΢һЦڵҪ⼸ʮ㶼ˣҲںٶһʱ䡣𣬾Ҹղ˵ģȳӣҾͻǸ竣ҲǼĹܼң֮ǰʲô鶼ûз
ǡү֪ˣ
ܹܼ˿صص˵ͷ
Ǿ߰ɣҲȥղŵ˭СеġļҡȻ˱ҸŲɡ


039 竣ϣ
ķ˷ĴһʱӳߵеģѪԼѪסһŮĻ档
еıѪӷ˫֣ʹԴڵϣŮǰѪץס֮һ״̬ķȫûϳ˵˭
ү
ķܹܼҴӷ˳ѪԼѪͬʱɿһһŮͬķվķ
ԭŹڵϵԴѪɿ˶Ŀƺ󣬵һʱǻŭĴӵ
˴ӷ߳˾ȻķԴͷŭ˲ɢȫ
ķԭ㣡֮ǰѪ⣬һΪǼһλ棬ȴû뵽һѹ˵Ű裡ѹ˵Ŀˣķ㲻Լ̫𣡡
ԴָǸ߿ŭ˿Ϊļ
ݣ⻰ҪӺ˵𣿡
ķϳӵ˭üë󣬺ϾĿʵ
Դļ֮ڽĵڶ竣ĳ˵Դ֮Ҫӵ޷죬µķҲӵĶӡ
֮竳̶ϱΪ֮󣬽ֻΪԴǵ͵ᡣ
ֻļլķΧڣԴŻὫԼһչֳһ˼֮⣬ڻʱԴΪСĽ
Դȫûа취ķȡ
ļڣԴΣͶҲķˣĳЩʱ򣬻ҪԶԶĳ
ܹ֧Դڼ֮ںаԵȡģȻǱȽݡ
ȻǼһϵԴȴϵĶӣ
޺ڳϻڴηᶨ֧ߣȻյȨһ㣬ĵλȴǼߣԴΨһĶӡ
޺ʱһ׷Ů֮ȫûκȤֱ껪ȥ󣬷ԼȻΪԣκαȷʵƽӹ㾡У֮һҲֻʦĲǻɡ
޺ޱܴͬʱҲ𽥵
һϣ˼ͻῪʼת䣬޺ԭΪԼȫɵʧֻŬȥѰҵķмС
޺ȢŮˣȻӣּں
Դ
ϾѪԴСܵ޺޺ޱ۰˵簮
޺޽Լ׷ʱ㾡еȫתƵ˶Լӵϣ֪簮Ļ³ɳԴƢԡ
ԴһҪıķĶ࣬ǱԴӲļǡ
ķٸƤЦģ㣬ҿɲ㣡Ȼֻһ꣬ӱ㻹Ҫһ壡㲻ұʾ㹻ҲͰˣžȻѪ̶Ҷ֣˭ĵӣ
ķǸӣԴը˷Ρ
̵ǣķŮӵǰ˴
֮ǰŮӴļڵĵλ
Ϊ˵õŮӵԴǿڿĽԼļȻΪ͵ȴҲΪȨƵһ
˵ȥĻûȺҩķ⣬ķŵѪ̺ԸŵܼҺݺݵش
һԼĹܼҺ޷סˡƾʲô˵Լڼôеλ
Դʣķȴֱѡӣûж࿴ԴһۣעȫԴһŮ˵ϡ
ܾŮЩ죬ӡʵ쳣ģôȻļȫ벻Ů˵˭
ΨһȷǣһһŮˡ
ķں˵أԴ̬𣡡
ķԴֻһѪӿԣټ֮ǰܹܼšѪӰŹڵϣ豾ѾԴҪʧȥǵıԵ
ķӸպ˻Ͻ͵á
˰Դ粻Ц磬˭֪˭ﺿɥǶϵԺӣɲϵԺӣֲڳүһûأ㵹Ƿˣȸ״ҲҪƤɣ
ķһ˫ֱֱӽԼϰߵϰչ˳
ȸ״˵ң
Դ۾˼Ŀķ
Ȼ㣬ѵʲôطѵ㲻֪𣿼صҩͰⷿȻŸҪﴳҿҸպþڷհ֮п㴳ˣΣ֪𣡾Ȼôһֱ׳ӣôĺ󱲣Ǽĳ裡
ķԴǵ˵
ֻʱǸƣӣôڹҲ硣
ԴЦķô̼ڳ׵ı˳
һֱǰķǰһЦŻȭ㳯ķմ˹ȥ
ͬʱеȻ㲻سǾֽ̽ɣ˵ĳ裬Ҫʺƺţ


040 竣£
ȻԴĶΪͻȻܹܼһѪֻ̣ҪԸĻ㹻ǰֹԴķϮ
ܹܼһѪ̣ԴľٶûκεķӦΪķԴ֮ǰѾñ˫֣˴˸ôԵơ
ܶ󣬵վķɿ˸
ԭܹܼҺѪ̻ķΪʲôҪڳƵԭͿԴŭϣȻһеĶķ˹
ȻͬʱҲû̫档
Ϊķʱɵϵ𺳣ʵѾǵĳľĸо
·κβ˼飬ֻҪķϣôͶǿġ
ԴŴȭͷķǴݵһСƾպ˴ľ롣
һ΢΢ľ룬ԴȭͷıǼ⣬Ҳûĺ˹ȥ
ʧ֮ǧڱеȭͷȴֱգû£Դ˶ʱʧȥ˶ĵĿƣ
һȭûκȭͷĴ£ԴǰͬʱǷ˲תֱӽҸϵλãȫ޷ر¶ķǰ
˵ĿŴ󿪣ķôܷŹ
˫ֵһʱӳһֱȭصĺԴϣ
顱һ졣

ԴʱһҽУбӱһȭ˼
۱ػһʱЩȵĲΪң˶ʱԴȽһһȰסһȣһƨɵ˵ϡ
һԵŮٴܵ˾ţǸҪʶסԼ죬ȻŤͷ˸ſ˿ķѪ֣ƺѪٶ֡
Դڵϣ۵λãŵı顣
ķһȭأûжߵֻλ̫꣬ټϲͬƷ׵֮䣬ಢһȭ֮£Դֱӱȥ
ԴŵǣȻᱻķһȭ
Ȼ츳һγɫټϱҲԸԿ࣬ƽʱܣЩ϶ȴҲƷߵΪ
ӵʵôܻᱻķһȭ
˵ˡǱСҲǾܵİ
ԴķʱѾﵽƷߵľ磬ķ֪ԾͣĽ׶Ρ
ʵϣֻҪδﵽϢʲΣôҪ˵ľ磬ֻͨԪǿȥж϶ѡ
ܹܼңҲֱղķʼҩģͷųԪ󣬲ŷķѾﵽƷߵĲΡ
ķһȭûκεԪԴȻʱķʵϾҪ߳һͷˡ
ڲɫǺԴͷ˿Լ̧ۣͷ˿ķԱߵŮϡ
ŮһܾŵӣԴֻԼѾķ˺֧ˡ
ҧŬĽһ˹Դ֧վ
ޱ׺ݵĶķŲͣľţǴＷһ仰
ķҪɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡
û£ӰһǰһԴķмλá
һ泯ķķһ泯Դķ
ķһϵЦŨЩЦǺǵ˵޾峤ϣôˣ
ͻȻֵˣǶ޾޺ޡ
ҺԭںȲģȻ߷һЩʵʱҾˣǱֻ˵ʲô£һֱҡûһĹͻȻһȽϤĲҽУȴסˣһܹ򡣡
޾һЦеı飬Ͱͬķ˵
һ˵ŵͬʱķգգ۾˼ȴǶ޺Ķ
Ȼ޾峤ϣ˵Ļɾͷǳֵûˡ޺޳֮ǰţ޺޳ϵĶԴȴ򣬴һǼܵҪӲǼҩķ䣬ڼ䷢޺޳϶롭ô˵ȥİɣ
ķһı飬װģķ·ڷһļ˵ҺܹܼǡڷҩԺӣ¾ҪԴȥˣʱǷʲô޷Ԥϵ顭ΪҩĿߣȫû취Լ彻İ
⻰һ˵꣬޾ϵЦݱʱʧ
ʱԴһŭͬԼĸ˵ŷ顣
˵ĵڣȴȻķ˵ǣ˶ʱһ㶣ŭĳķŭķѪˣֻ뿴ҩѣ
Դֻô򵥣ҩļҵ֪֮İɣ˵ˣǼڲλˣûʸȥҩҲ֪İɣôΪʲôҪһǼ֮˵İŮҩΪʲô޺޳ϻҪ㣬߷쳣ĶҪ޾峤ϲ޾峤Ϲ⼸⣬ǷܸһĽͣ
ķؿԴ˵
Դʱķȫ֪ôش
ѵ˵ΪŮӵĻġչԼ͡ԲôȻʵȷʵˣȴԲô˵
竣ֲɵ


041 һʮ
ķûκεʵ壬Ϊ峤ϻϣôΣ飿ȲĶҺҵĶӽҿһı֣Ҳᣬֻ㣬ŵѪ̷žȻҶҶӶ֣ȷ£
ԼĶӱķʵƿԣ޺޲ɵһΪĿķʵ
⻰˵Ŀɾ̫ˣǷΣ飬һڼڵĵλߵûκιϵϾ˵ֹȻǼϣͷվѹŶϺʹϣϸǻżĴڣܻϿҩĳ£׵壬û׼Ҫ᳤ϵˣʱȻǻ˳ǰһ˵ǰɣ
ķɿվţ۾һӵ٩ζ˵
ۿ޺ɫȻ·ҪŭӣķȴֻһתȻҾôһ˵Ϊ˸ԼҲؿɼȻΣɥĲ飬أϸȷʵ˱ɻ󰡣ϸĽ²źáҺͶϿ϶ϸӵģǣҴҵģ˶Ҳӣܶ˳ɻҪûһĽͣ洫˳ȥɾָᴫʲôˡ
˵ķ΢΢ǰӣһĵĿ޺޵ϣɶΪðǲǣȻˣ˵ûʲô˵أ˵ǰɣ
޺޵Եĳ鴤£ķһϵı飬ղҪķĳ쭵ĻȴôҲ
Ͼķתʵ̫Щû쭵ĻᣬֱӶһͨ佱
޺ޱȲˬǣķڿЩôǰв
ûжڿĸо
ٴһ޺޺Լжķ񣬳޺еֱӲС֮ԡЩҶԼĹףҲνҥԾܶ˵ģķҶ˱ܶҵ⣬ֻȷţҶ˵ûѪ̣ĶҶӶ֣£һ
޺޾ǲķЩź
ȴҲ֪ҪѾ˾ϺϵͲʲô׵顣
Ҳֻʱ⣬ȻʧˣҲˡ
޺ʼվѪ̵ⲻţķüëڳһˬı˵޺޳ϣҲʲôҪ㽻ģѪҪ帺Դ֮ǰΪѾԼҪıǱڵв£Ѫ̱ȶԴ֣Ǻġ֤ԴİŮҩķ䣬ܵ˼Լϻ׼ģǲܣҪľǣҵѪ̡
ǿʶΪǿѪ̱һܵϿԼκ֮£Ѫ̾ܶ˶֣ɣȻҲΪʲô߻Ѫ̸棬룬Ѫ̸ΨһãҲӦֻǱİȫѣȴȻǹˣʵǻһ볤ϻᣬ¶ӵѪ̵ʸٲã
޺ͷ°͵ķļ˵ԼʹûĹףСüΪ⣬ûκαã㣬ʲôʸӵѪ̵ıҲҪ볤ϻٲӵѪ̵ʸ񣬻Ҫٲһ¡㸸Ϊļ峤ǲѾ˽Ĵ˹ģ˵ĻҲͲʺϼ峤ˣ
޺ޱȰı飬ķȻ⣬ȴֱƿڴҪ϶үҸĵĽ㷴űǲǣүϣ˵ԼĹףѵͱүҶЩΪ˶ӣѾü˶ʧΪүҲ֪˽Щ飿ô޳ܵز
޺Լ仰㽫µصŤת˹Щ˷ܵıŻԽ⣬Ľһʱȴû뵽ԺȻ䴫ķһá
޺޶ʱɵۣؿǰķһʱЩת
ʲôûôôţ˵㻹ǷүѵãҪ㽲ȻΪүҺ۸˲ɣҸ㽲ȴˣ᣿㣬ˣʮҲȲүһֺͷΪʹ˾ѿӷƨ
ķһһﴫ˳
ʱһɵӣôǳЩСƦ֡
޺޴ʱڷӦ˹˲Ǻ죬˸ֱû
˼ʮʱ䣬û˸ô
ķȻƣɵҲûдϰ졭ô£
㡭㡭
޺Բ۾ָķؿڷһľţȴһʱ䱻Ĳ֪˵Щʲô
ֲܸķ֣ǼԴǵĽʲôķáֻͬȡ裬κ塣
ķ㾹ҸףҪо
һԵԴͻȻŭһֱŵĻ·ҵ˷йķʽɫ
޺΢΢һʱǰһǿѹסԼͷŭ󣬳ķصĺһ˵Ϊ峤ϣøһʶҶΪӣȻ̰ҡǽð취쵽Ϊֹͻسϻо룬ҵʱ̨ϼɣߣ
˵꣬޺ֱת̤ĳԺſڵķȥ
ԴԹĶķһۺԵŮӣҲ첽˳ȥ
޺޸ȫתȥķΪáޱḡıɲǼʧ١
޺޸ӵıӰϸһĨ΢Ц


042 ļҵĴͳ
ļ˵һİĴʻ㡣
ֻҪ˵ĵطннĵطȻ
һңСһ壬Ⱥӣֲܻͬ
´ϴҵĿһ£ϸڵҲ϶ָԲͬϸ֦ĩڡ
Ϊϲ⡢Ķ䡣
嵽ļһӵǧ˵ĲСļָԱϵ֮ӣʵˡ
ССìܡˣָĲ߿Щͬƽµİƽ˾ʱӲֳһ籩꣬пܽ캧ˡ
ļռλǶôĹҲܱķ
վԶ֣֮ԴͬһĿÿһ˶ŻٵĲͬڿѵԶǹȱ㹻ǿƵλ£ͷʹ顣
Ϊ˱ΪЩɵںģڸոճļҵʱļߵĵһμ㶩һء
ļ˱˴֮䷢˲ɵ͵ʱôҪ⣬ͨͬϻ룬һһķʽУ
ھлʤˣȻӵж˵ľȨ
κ˲ԴΪͻ干
˫ìܣҲھ֮󳹵׵ķ¡
ôļѾϰһҹ棬һʵƽ뷢йŭǾ;̨ϼ
ļ䣬ȻҲ͸ϰȭͷȥ⡣
ȻܽеķȫٿԽЩһԽܵķ֮ڡ
Ȼ£μӾ˫ʵģһʵ̫СһʤϣôȻύϻᣬҲᱻϻղء
ȻιԴķ֮ľ룬ȴһᱻͨ
޺޸뿪ԺӺ޾üͷĿķ
ھļ˵֪УķǸ߶ǵķȻԴҲôƷߵʵķʵر
ľûκε
İɣϣԴˣҹʲôвġˣˣҩҪϸĿУܾý鲻ԣȻϺԴȷʵʲôǸǼŮˣһ⣡û֤ݣֱֻϣܹҡ
ķ޾ĵǣɵؿ˵
޾岻ĻķڳϻԺı֣һʱ䵣ĵǻһЩ˵ͷķһȥºǾøȥС
ҩǺķ˵Ͼ޺޺Դı֣ȷʵЩ졣
˳ȥѪҩˡ
뵽޾ʱټԺˣ򵥵ķԸһ󣬱Ҳ뿪ԼԺӡ
ܹܼڸķһ뿪޾ԺӺ󣬱ͬķһȻޱõĳżլԺķȥ
ȻţȴѾ಻»˾޴Ļ
һΣȴһִݡ
үҪȥģ
ķһᣬķǰеķ򲢷ǻԼլӣѪӲɵÿʵ
ȥתת֣⼸һֱţʵĵĺܡڲߵĻһ϶ҪϻȥѯʶھȻͬǶͨҸȥ˷Ǹʱ䣿
ķ˵
ʱķһε·ϣͷ·ûйͷһ㡣
ѪԼѪֶЩ̲ס뷭ۣʱһֱķԡѾ֪ķԶҥĻҲᱻķֳƭȥ
ֻڼȻ֪࣬Ȼ̲סҪ̰
̰ݵҲûʲô⣬ģǶķԼЩƭ˵ֱ£ʾͰݷ
ķѪ뷨Ȼ˫ֹŰֲլſȥ·ϣ竵˸ʮʮʵ顣
ȷʵǷǳĺãȻͻȻ޺ޣ˱ȥĻ޺޵ͻᶯ֣º󻹻ȥǸεԭ
³ϣ޺ȻЩϣȴҲʲôط˷ŭΪԼʧ⣬޺޲ὫĿĽתƵҩϡ
ķǳ⣬ҼᶨҪԼ竵άֵڷľġ
ûʲô飬ֿܱԹõˡ
֮⣬ԴǸŮҲܾ죬֮ǰ飬Բֻɺô򵥣뿪լȥڵĸֵϹ䣬Щô̵ݣһЩջ


043 Եߵ
λڴǬĶɽڣǳؽֺ룬ռڶɽʮǳУԹģۣڶɽ׸ڶ
ڳס򣬳˷ǧΪĵĴСׯʮҵ˿ڡ
һʮķֲƬôֵϣҲƬӦûĵطʱ̿˲
ǶɽΪƫԶһǳأ˾ܹģŵɽгǳеڶΣʵϳǳ߱Σȴڶɽʮǳ
ټ϶ɽǴǬ»˿УΨһκҽĿԶɽڰ˿Ǻĵһ
ھ嵽ǱϱΪǴǬĽΧ֮ڣµĳǳء
ֻгһڲεǿ߱ɿһߡ
ļլλڶλңӦͬųĴռΪĳ
һ𣬱㹹ռλõȨײ㡣
ֻ˵ĵλҪӳȻһЩϾŴǬĹٷǵʵƿߺߡ
ңʱǴһֶĹϵ
ڳǵƿأҲƵƽȡ
ϰʱƫһǣ·㣬ʼհĹŶԼ
ڴǬƬưս֮صĽϣӵ˳ȻİʵһĪҸ
ķһϱ·ϣһƵڽֵлεţһ۾ؿŵ·ЩϤİľ
Ѫ̴粽ĸĮעܣһκͻ״ǶڵһʱӦ
ֵĵλúᴩǣǷָһһȫԳƵİǣֺͶ·ڳĵĳ㣬γһ׼ġʮΡ
ӿиͻ֣ᷢķĽṹǳԳۣͬبƬƽԭ֮ϵһֻľޣߴΡĳǽ£ʮСȫȵľ޴ţʱ̲ͣŴ˳
Ŵ󿪵ĳʼһֱҹһΪֹ
Լ磬ܹ׾ٵԼ
ķһ·ϲͣؿŽֵЩɫĵ棬ָĻǳˮԺ֮ӿ
һѱ˳䱦ܶʱ벻ĳЩΪǣûҵܹ򿪳Կס
ʱķĿĻԽԽ࣬ҵԿҲԽԽ࡭
ε˴ʱķͣһҿ൱ưܵĵǰ
ĵŴ󿪣ȴ䣬վſڵС޾ɵĿűߴ˯ϰԼҵ⸱Ȼģ
ڵ࣬һ
дǣ費ͥǰ䡣
дǣȥ⣬ƾ档
ֱ˵ңԻԵߵá
ҵĶ˳ķǸһĨ˵Цݣ˽ȥ
ֱķѪ̶˵ţǿűߴ˯Сž˹ºæһЦݵĳķӭ˹ȥ
ⲻĶү𣿿ЩûˣпԱˣĻǸɣ¥⼸պýһ»׼ʲôûֵƷҲ˵ء
Сһ߿첽ߵķλҵĵطһ˵
ķûᳵ·ľֱߵ¥ݿڣ˳¥ݳŶ¥ȥ
СȻķӣȴҲûκΣֻǹĿķѪ¥վ˵űϣ˯
ҵǵĶȦǳ֮Եͥ䣬Ϊ汾ͨ˵⣬һߣ˻̤
ڻԭȻڵ۵ĸƷ̫ߣûдﵽʦϵĲΣеּ۸
һҪԭǣĶܹԵ۸Ҳˣƫƫ۵Ʒٷ֮ʮţǿ϶Բ۵ġ
ûһרõĵꡭ
ȻеöеľƷȴҲվá
ΨһͬǣڶܿĻôһıȻָС֮СҪõĻŹߵҲŹߵ
ķļ䵱Уܵ׵ҵжӣȴûҵԵһνı
ʵϣҵԶˣźķͬľ
ˣҲ޷赲Щ˶ҵ顣
ΪҵЩõУԵ˷˼Ķ
һͭ
ǿȫԽ׽Ǯֵ۵Ķ
ǼǱһĿۣԵ֮˵ߡ
ɽ۸֮ߣļҺӵеĲƸе
ȴûκһΪ۸ʲôʵĵط
ءǱϾҲһͭ
ķһţ˫Ѿ̤˶¥
¥ټĿռʱֻ˴һվһ
ķʶһŮһӡ
һЦݿ䡢󸹱˾ҵϰ塣
ϰͬǶŮţ˫ͬʱŮŵĶȻţΪ
ķĳŮŵĶȥͫ׶ʱҵ£
ҲܿƵıļһЩ


044 竽еףϣ
ⶫΪʲô
ķ𾪵ɫһţգ۵ĹѾȫָ˫΢΢ŰֲŽȥ
¥̫ķĹѾߵ˵Ľǰ
ʱԭһֱŵϰ컨׹ܵǶŮע⵽˽ӽͬʱŤͷڿķϱ㲻ȫ¶˱ĵı顣
ŮһûκҪķ˼ֱŤͷ˵ϰ塣
϶˳Цݣؿڵϣ˭ⲻǵЦķĶ˵ĶһֱԼԺޣ׼šôܳˣҵϢûĻǼҲǸҪɹͻƳΪߺǽŻ᳷ѲɡѾΪˣ˵Ļ˲أȻͻ¶˵׾ٵģĶ˵ʵ˰ɡ
ӵĴտĶ¥»صԵޱ
ӦаҼǵھʱѾΪ˰ɣƺǳΪСļ¼ⶼ˰ˣ㶼ѾʮˣȴֻƷߣһƷ˷ָٶȣǻͷҪǿɣҪ˵ЦҿɱȲ㰡
ķһ׳յı鿴ǰӣ˵Ҫô˵ҵĻҲˣ˼ұϾǹϵǵһţʲôǡõõһö컯Щָ鵤ҩ࣬ƾʺһʣڿ»Ұɣ˭֪˭㻹ԽУ治֪ЩЦš
ҴӦһμĵһ˳λ̳ˡ
ķӦ˱˴֮ͲԸΪԭҲãǱ˴˶ڶԷŶǿҲգ֮һ𣬱ܻᷢˡ
ķһֱûгΪߵԵʣֻҪˣôķ϶ǳԿһ
ö֮Ӧķʱĳ޼ɵϰߡ
ʱȴͻȻķһϵ׺ͷʵǳӦ֮⡣
֮ӦѸٻع
ķ˵ЩǽɣƽʱҪ˸ҵ츳⣬Ļᶯɱ˵ġ
˻عӦ˲ɫǺ죬ŭ¾ҪֱӶķ֣Ȼɱķʹķһ٣ļҲ˵Щʲô
ɻûķѪԼѪֱѾ̤ǰһվ˳
Ӧע⵽ķԸŵľȻЩͨʹӣѪ̣
ҪֵĶʱӲֹסˡ
ЦһļѪ̶ʦĴڣӾаҲȥǰ
ͺȻɱķȴķһһѪ̼ȻķԣȻĿľΪ˱ķİȫҪǶķ֣Ѫ̲ɱɺݺݵĽѵһȴκ⣡
ƽʱĻǹӺݾһƴԼҲǽߣһŮӡ
Ůӵݣʵ̫ʵԸŮǰֵĹǱ
ķ֣ΪѪ̸ţܸҽаˡ⣡øһʶԺ䵽ҵϣ
Ӧ޺޵صķһۣȻ֣ݻҪµģķôһıĶûκαʾԵԼ̫飿
ֻӦɫƣķֱѡӡ
ǻ£ˣô˲ļһҲļ㽲ˡȻָûʲôĵطӵһϲģӦϰǮɣȥĵط䡣
ŮӺԼķ񣬿ûķһֻۣǳŵϰ˵
ϣллСˣģָȥԲԿͳӹζָ;ԲǷƷҸ˵ʵڵģôˣҾûָ˵Ķû׼ûȥооָᷢҲʲôҲ˵
һⵥ⣬ϰʱϲЦտ
ֻڵϰ˵ŵⷬķڵ˶֮Աǵġ
κζλϰ嶼ôͬһ˵ʣеʱķǻɣλϰ徿ǲ⡣
Ҫ˵Ļÿ浽̸Ǯʱȴִ粽áؽϡ
֮һ൱ϰ塣
ɣɣϰҲµ˱ԣﵽȫЩʲôҶһĶôɵľ׼ܴԵİ׳գҲڶָһΪɵģҲƣŲԸƽϣҲǾ͵ԩͷ
ŮӵķԸӦʱӦһһߴӶƱһ߿ͬϰ˵
˼ȴڶķų
ʱķ۽ǵŵöָĥš
û취ʱȴȻӦ˵ʣһʱ⡣
üëһŲñǿ׳Ӧһˬؿڵ٣Ӧô˵أҪǲ˵˻ǾʵʵүҶԽ㣡ȻңСƢ̲ˣϰ壡ʲôʲôĽָҳˣ
ķһ˵ţһָָŵĽָ۾ȴһֱӦںӦһ㣬ʼҲûöָһۡ
ԭΪöָɹϲüҵĵϰʱһ㶣ʱϲ
΢΢˴Ťͷüķ
ʲôЦ
öָ˵Ӷֵ
ôһת۾ͳˣ


045 竽еף£
ķ㷸ʲô񾭣
ӦոóƱֱӽ˵ɫѿĶķ
˭ˣָɻûǮأȻûǮȻͻûгôϲöָԸøߵļǮиƨĹϵ
ķһǲм˵ͬʱ֣һԵѪóƱ
֮ǰϻ˶üǮķ˵ӵĻûġ
ķϸˣָĹշǳĴֲڣԲʲôֱʣҪǸ棬ӶȥҪʾ֪ȥĶȥϵĽָ
Ӧޱŭ˵
ӦָӶֵ£Ҿ;ֵָָǼƾkһ㣬ѵܹ𣿡
ķмؿӦ˵ͬʱùƱֱӵݵ˵ϰǰͬϰ˵ϰ壬˾ô棬ͣıƷļֵҲ֪ʲôƢ̲ˡ
ϰ΢΢һŤͷӦΪˬ˵٣£һԸһԸĶ˵һƷ׼ֵΣΪkֵǮǸԸ⻨߼ȥkΪkֵǮЩǻ˹أԣҾֻܰȥˡ
ӦһֱӱɤۣҪǻϰҸô˵͵ˡ
ҵȴЩ⡣
ŵϰѵ⣬Ӧֻţͬʱķŭķһ䣬ϵĽָ
ϻҪϵģһԸ⻨ȥk𣿡
ķǱĵбӦһۣϵƱѾݸ˵ϰ塣
⻰ӦһһֱûпڵֱӲᡣ
ӦΪķΪ˱֮ǰϵĹŴöָ
Ϊķ߼öָԾΪת͸֮Զֺá
ķ˵ģöָļֵʵҪֻҪϵĶôȻͻ۰ٱ
ΪǳĶС㣬飡ݻò㹻԰ʱ
ȻܿķӡвѧİܼӣⲢµĸо
ķӦΪöָˣӦŭȴʲôϵı仯
ΪķӦʵûʲôͬ
á㹻ݣϰ壡ҳ߰
ŵϰѾùķݹȥƱ۾ЦгһӣӦҧҧ
һǧ
ӦӼۣķƤգһµֱ
ӦٴοǣŻ쳣ʢһֳζע£Ҫֱӽм۵һĳ嶯
ʵķֻڹļŭһİѼ۸еһֲĵزķͻȻ۵ĻҪ
ķɲһӦһΪԼҪԶķĶ࣬ҲԶķӵǻۡ
ҪһǣȻҴ٣ܹõǮĿʵķҪٵĶ࡭
ķܹ治ɫĲΪôһƽֱָӻһǧȴʵû
ʵںܶ£°ܼҲҪġ
ķΪ㻨ôӣͲ»ȥԺܵ𣿡
Ӧҧ˵
ǧ⣬ܵ𣿡
ķһۣͬʱѾٴѪóİƱݸ˵ϰ塣
ƺûм۵˼ˣϰ岻ɵЩź̵ĽӹķݹƱЦĴϽָ˻Ȼѽָݵķϡ
úãȻһǧָұ֤Կ
ǹЩȻʱӹ˽ָķȴǶЩǳͬ
ȻԿ˵һǧˡһǧҲԿ
öָʶ˵Ͳܹ򵽵Ķ
ָǿпԼޱ˷ܵ飬ķɫû¶κ쳣ĵطɱŽʱ٬˸Ϳʱ仯
Ǿͽϰļԣˣһǧ˸ӣ㲻ϰɣˡ
˵꣬ķһתҡڵıѪֱӳ¥ݵķȥ
ԭһֱ΢ЦڿķȻ˽ָûнöָ͸תҪ뿪ϵЦݲɵýӲ£ȻѸת䣬ڽеķվס
£
ķͷһۣһֵʵ
㲻˵ֵָ֮ôǮΪҿϵk𣡡
ķһԵı飬΢΢һϺҧ˵
û֮Ը⻨ôǮöָΪС㿴˵kС㿴ϵĶչǻЩڲͬĵطɣұֻ㶫ģɶ򰡣˵ǰɣԼ۹⣬ҵȻǸŶС۹ˡ
ķһı˵һ仰˵꣬ͻȻһȻӣȻضС㣬òΪָΪ͸ɣԩҡҾΪԼȥİ
ķôֱӰԼ뷨˵˳ķﻰ˼˵Լ飬һʱֻͬһ㡣
Ȼû˵Щʲôķϱ¶һ˿ԥ·¶˾İ㣬Ȼ˵ðɣȻСȷʵϲöָҲܲӣӲӦһǧҾͰָøˣ
ǲ˼Ŀķķ˵Щɫ׺̲סŭķҹһƽָΪϡ𣡡
ķӣٺһЦֱӴѪһ̵˳¥¥
վԭأɫ࣬ظͣš
ôûб˵


046 ռ
ķѪ˶¥Ļ侲֮ﲻɵЩ֡
ķŵı֡ȻǰȲûʲô𣬵ܾе㲻Ծ
ΪǷǰĻֻҪָͷķ;Իͬ͹һܵʹҡβͣ˵öָˣһ˿ڣܹ򵽵ĶķԲ˿ԥ
ҲΪˣŻƲķ
ӡУķǸһǴĲݰɫжʱֻҪֺܹ͸κεĵߺͽڲ١
ôղô£
Ȼķôᣬ˵ȴĳ֮ǰδйľ룡
Ů˵ֱһ׼ԼжӦûģǡķΪʲôı仯
üҡҡͷȻԼǱķôĪǣס˼عζ󣬶ʱΪ꣬ǰɾķע¶ע⵽ôˣ
ߣ׳գһǧΪôһƽָļһܼӵ
ӦʧӣȻӰ죬¥ݿڵķ򣬺޺޵һں޼ʵؿ˵
ӦʮĻŤͷӦһۣ֪ΪʲôȻЩġ
ˣΪǸ׳ջ飬ȥĵ꿴ɣղָֽĵ϶ҲУҾԶľƷ
Ӧ֮¶ֺõЦݣŤͷͬΪ˵
ޱĿӦһۣͻȻҡҡͷˣҲˣ͵ɣȻȥˡ
˵꣬ӦӦѾ¥ݿȥ
Ӧʱ˵ʲô˵õҪһ
ȵҰ
ôһĹѾ˳¥ݿʼߣӦڷӦ˹һæ׷ȥ

ķӵһ¥Ĵų޷ס˷ܵı飬֮£绨һõЦ
öָѾֱӴϣȻһֻϴöָʵЩ֣öָ඼ʵԵҲôע⡣
˫ֱһֲֻϵڱĦһֻϴŵöĽָķԼػ֮⼸ʵǿ졣
öָȻǷƷܴƷԶԶﲻͭǸΣӼֵ۵Ļöָļֵȴͨͭͣ
ΪһȺĿռ
һƷΪ׵ĿռΨһãһ߸׵ռ䣡
ֻҪͨöָΪý飬ӵ߱ʱǸƽпռϵƽпռ䵱һġЯʽֿ⡣
Ȼռ߱κεĸսޱϡ٣ټ϶һ޶⹦ܣЩضʹÿռļֵ̧ߵһֲĳ̶ȡ
ĳһЩռݵ
ķΧ֮ڣȱͿռйصľףΪһηڰ˰ǰ
ʱһСʵõһռռڹʵ۵Уʮλڱ߾۳ǣ
ǼռҲһöָƷֻкĽף׷֮Ϊ֮𾪣
ǴʱʼķΧ֮ڣռļֵȫһ档
ǿռֻкһ׵ƷףҲ֮Ϊ֮䣡
ռ֮ޱϡ٣ΪûκһĶʦܹɹĶһ
ÿһռǴصģ
򣬿ռϡУܹϳռҶμռˣȻ֮١
ķ֮һ۱ϳöָȫΪһУöָޱ̵ӡ
һһϮ˵ʥͽһ׺ݵһȭȭ籼ףʥͽŭ𣬷·ܹɣ
֮ǰһ̣ķǰȫһ˶ȭͷǸȭͷָϣöʽӡ۵Ľָ
Ϊֵɱִ֣֮ǰȻҪĿϸĵ˽⡣
ڶ֮ǰķʥͽ˽Ѿϸ˶˵ʥͽϵͬûκܵĳ̶ȡ
ķö۵Ľָһռ
ȻķҲ벻ףΪʲôöӦʥͽĽָʱȴȻǡԵߵáĵⲢҪʮʱԷκ飬˵һռĹȻĸпܳ֡
Ҫǣռģ
ˬʰ
ķޱ泩ڴϼεţһߺŵֵСһ²ĿΧЩϤİľ
˵֮ǰڼ죬ķǻ᲻ʱĲһЩĻôʱϤĴϣΧ˳Щֻڼĸֽ֮ķڳ׵׵ȷţѾصǸҹλʱҪص껪
ļʮ룬ůĸο£·һλá

ķ˿پһҲͨ
ת˸򣬴תһСķѪȥƷ䵱ӡһԵС̡
ֻǲŸոսСû߳ľ룬һ㴫ķĶ䡣


047 
ңǵĺǳ⣬ӱĽṹСȴǴúԶ
һŸС̯ӵȻЩС˲ʲôľ̵վ쳤ĻҲܹܽһЩصľ顣
СˣȻܵԭޣܰöôҪȫۺһ𣬲׬Ǯ
Ȼ˴֮ϵĻྺȫۼþӪݸӷḻͶȴҲʳͣȽ֮£ԶǵɢҪ׬ĸࡣ
ʱƣСۼС̯ԽԽ࣬ѾγһĹģǵķΧڶԶ
ÿĽĴʳͣʹÿһ̯⣬ɳ¡
ʱͷǰļС̯еһ
С̯ΧѾۼ˺üȦڲͣۺָָ㡣
κһطȱϲֵˡ
ͨƽ˵ܹһЩ̸ʺͿȥ̸۵飬չǼ¡
Ϊ˵ʵûж塣
ķûдȥֻǴѪ̣ҪӾۼȺ֮⼷ȥǰǼԵ̯ӡ
ڴӵȺУķʶĳԴͷƳһۡ
Ȼôһ۵Ĺ򣬱ķֱͣԼĽŲ
ԴͷС̯̯ڴĳһˡ
òϿӦֻʮӣһ·۹ֱͬߵһ㡣
ȻϿǳǱվ̯Ķ棬ȴֱͦӢʮ㡣
̯Ի˴áʼһɵȻֻܹһ˿εζ
ķ޷ŲŲģȴ׿ȻȺʣǿϡΪݣ
ôˣǷʲô¶ˣô˾һʲôûѾʼӰͨ𣿡
ͣס˽ŲķϸıºĵΪȷɴ಻ٲ²⣬ֱޱŵƿǰǾ˺üΧߣֱߵأá̯ͣǰͬʱһˬʵ
ϣⲻǶûˣһﶼء
̯ԭǻŭţķŤͷȥȴʱͬһ㣬ŭɫ˲䱻ֺõȡĸķһ
ķĳ̯ͣ϶ʶķġ
ڳ£Щ̯˵Ϊ̯ǶķûκεĶС
ټЩ̯ǿķݵܹСԣʵǺһ飬̯ڼʱϾֺãȴҲ֮ɫ
׽ô£ͷģú⣬ʲôְ
ķƲƲ죬Ϊõ˵
̯Դ˵ǲΪ⣬ǾķޱȵУæϹϾ˵٣ⲻܹҰСؤĴǮһۣϵ˶֪˵ǰɣСؤŸҪȻûǮģܲòȡˣԾ͸ˡԺ󣬾ȻǮҪī˵ʲôҪд֣ǵֳǮ
˵棬̯±ļ٣˵ûĵӾʮǮдֳֵҰǮڳ԰ʳܳԵôֱ׳ʵźСƤʵ̫񣬲ôûκηӦ
һ֣ȻǧҲ򲻵ģһɶһһöǮ̯Ҳǳ԰ʳҲûռıˡ
ͯɵȻΪۣȴǼΪ档
ƨҪ˵ôֵǮϷûССĲѧãܳƭ˻ôֱ׳̯ˣûϹôҪģ֮ҪôǮҪôҾһ٣ٰ͵ȥȥηζ
˵ı⣬̯Щܻ
ʲô֣
ķס̯˵˵ƺҪ°Ӷ˶ֵľٶŤͷ˿ʵ
ҽа顣
ƽĻش

ķ˰ģϵɫȴǿƵĺܺãȻû˿仯ֻµĴ˻ǰа󣬳ѪӱȻ˸ơ
Ѫӻ⣬ʱǮͳʮöǮӸһԵ̯
԰ӵǮˣľǵЩʱĲɡˣɢ˰ɣֲʲô£ΧŸʲô
ķ˵ţΧ˻֣Щֵ۳ֲȥˣҲķкһɢ
ϣллˣ̫ʴˡҾ˵ǵЩүûбȶõˡСؤĸ
С̯ӹʮöǮԼû⣬ƽ׶׬˼ʱüЦĲסл
ķҲǲٶ࿴һۣתֱӴѪ̳ȥ
ʼգֻ˵
ķѪ̵Ӱܿû˳֮Уվԭ΢΢üƺһ˼붷ҧҧ̧ųķѪ̵ķ׷ȥ


048 Ѹ̯ǰǷǶ
ķĽŲ죬ôһƹ䵴ӣټߵֻ̯Ҫǿģṧͬ񣬶˼ķܻѪӴͼöǮһ·ǰеٶһֱ첻
Ȼûлعͷǰŵʱķעʵʼϵġ
ȷȷʵǴӺһֱԶԼ˵ĺʱķǷġ
֮ǰֻ֮˵ֺ󣬱㲻ͬ˽κν׼˵Ƣ
ȷȷʵʵеǸˣôڸ˸˰Ǯ˾һȻ뷽跨Ҫ顣
ȻΪȷϾҲֻǲ²⣬Ȼǲ²⣬пܳ⡣
ԴʱİԤĸķȻ᳤һ
ķ˵ӣʵΪ˵ݡ̫ͨ
飬ʮĶǿߣԳľ磬ܹͬ۷ǿ߿ǿʵΪ𼶱ǿУϣΪʥͽĴڣ
ڳõһа׳ëʣټ鷨ϵ述ƾԱΪʥ
˵һֵͨˣԵɺҵõһŰ֮ҹĦһҹһ֮ͨΪһƷߣ
ƣпֱӳΪʦ
Χ㣬˶µʵԱлɵ̬ȣϾһջ۵Ḷ́£ô룬ʵ̫˼Щ
ķȴǳģ
ΪõĦһҹˣں֯ڵһƸˣ
Ϊһֱ鲼Ӵ֯Ȼųưɱ£ʵڲȴһЩΪ֪Ǳ
һЩʵԶͬõĶǿߣȡйصκΰɱ
ںڲһʼɱֶԿĺڰһʮԼʮ˵ϸ
ݺ֯Ĺ涨漰ڰʮκһİɱҪȡĻ֮
ֲûаɱڰ˵ʵֻҪɱڰˣҪĴԶԤڣпӰ쵽֯ʵ񣬺Ȼ׽ȡ
ʥͽʵһ⡣
Ϊȡ֮ǰûκһܹõĿ꾹Ȼһճ˵ֻܴ֮еʥͽ
ǰ֪ĻȻύóһӴΪͣҲԲѡȡ
ʵϣķˮ׼ӵĽҽǸսᣬ֯пֱӱǸٵ
ɴ˱Կó֯гĺڰĽ
˵ܹú֯ȥԴ֪ڰеЩˣǿĴڡ
ڶʮķ֪źڰʥ߾ӵ壡
һ˵ܶ⣡
λʮ򶥼ǿߣʱ˿ֻ̻һʮ꣬۶ʮİôǿʱİ鶼ֻһС硣
ķ֪ΪʲôСİǣȻˣȻ׷ŹǿԽᣬڰ黹ûгɳ֮ǰ㽫չյԼԣǵͬڰ׵һδעޱǿİ֣
пܳΪʥͽˣĴΧڵκεطȻǾž޵
ݺڰеϼأʱ£ʱǰ·;У˵ĻҪԣǵ÷һС
һţķѾѪϡ̯λҲԽԽ١
ķǰڳǸӡĶ̯ӡ
̯Χڷ˼СɢɢôʳںŶԣ̯ӱ⿴Ϊ塣
ʳǳԵĵ֣һ߳ʳŵͬʱͣĺ̯Цš
̯һʮҵĸˣ²û¶ٺۼһЩ껪ķϣھͶ䣬˷ֵζ
һŶԣһߺʳǵЦԴʵݺǴ
Ҳ̯ӱڵؽǲáǮĸߵ£ÿʳﲻԭ֮һ
ϾŮҪ˵Ŀڴ׬Ǯ϶ԣҪһЩɫࡣ
Ȼ̯ӵĶҲȷʵǳóԣķΪġ
ķǰֱһſŵСǰ£ͬʳ͵Цŵĸŷķǰʱһʱŵ顢ʳͣЦӯӯŤ̯λ泯ķ
ͬʱĿ׳ǴһⶹԵ̯мΪ֮һȻԶȴѾʼɤߺԻ
⸾һѸ̯λǰǷǺܶ࡭


049 ĵ
֮ǰϾ˵ĵطҲܣȴܶôҵĻôʹ𣿡
Сǰķû׳һֻۣǳųĸЦ˵
˵ĿɾˣүǲĻҲøӲǣɲǾүˣǰܵƬģҲǺֻ֪Ӧǳܲס࣬ܵ뿿ô۸ʵˣЩ̹ӡûʱ䣬үǱҲͻûüᡣ
˵ŻĹѾŤķԣЦӯӯִķĴϣָͷĦš
ǵԩˣүҲȥ۸ˣ˶ӦոˣȻ˸۸ҵͷϣŵĵط˸ڣǻûУ
ķһǲˬ˵
˵ıһʱǾʣ׶ǵһ竽ʵЩЦá
С̯һͬķûκεĶУȻķÿĶʱܻ˳ٳԵġҲûһĹ־ٶ
һڽֿͷ¶ĹѸķǿɰġ
Ȼǵ൱ãӵָܵ߸ϺͷԹİķ竵ƢǸײ׽
ǰɣ
ûḾ˵뷨ķֱŤͷѾָ꣬ԽԽ׳ڼҿȻͲȴǸйͷˣ֮ԸңǲǷҵɣȻˣ쵰ѵһ٣ĺһ㣬ٲҳƬϣˣΣ
һֱķİһ㶣׳һۺ󣬲ûлػֱԽķŵСӭ׳˹ȥ
䣬δȫΪС׳ʱγĶԱȡ
Ȼߵ׳Ľǰ׳ϼڽɫոո֡δüȥͻḺֱ́
䲻ݷĳȭ׳ţ׳ȭµ˵ϣȭ̫أ׳ҽе˫ͬʱ͹ıŶӣɫ˲Ұףޱѡ
Ʒߣ
ķŰֵĬĬжϡ
԰ʱͣƷߵʵʵ㲻ϲȴҲ˵϶ôޡ
ڶʮﵽĸ߶ȣʱչֳ츳ֻͨ
ȭ׳߻Լǰİ飬ķһؿ˵ˣǷҵҲˣ壬ˡ
˵꣬ķٿŰ飬ŤͷЦеĳŸˣĸ˴ϵ֣ڵ붹ԣүҿǺþûġˡ
һ䣬ֵİķһۺȥķԡ
ɰվķǰһԲȴҲûκҪȥ˼
ô£
ķװԵʵ
ǷĻûлꡣ
ƽؿ˵
ŶҸղ˵ˣֻҪ˽ѵһ٣֮ˡʮͭѣܹӶߴһܣǮҿɻ׬˲ء
ķüëȤĿŰ˵
ⲻһ
ҡҡͷ˵ŵ˺ǿԶǿȻҲ֣Ҳ׵Ĵ˵⡣㴦ˣ˵ûκμֵûң˵ûв𡣶ҸİǮܲ࣬վҵûǮֻʮͭ壬˵ҲмֵġΪ¶˵мֵΪ¶˵ȴûֵôͲǵȼ۽ǷȻͻûлꡣ
ķ΢΢ЩȻؿŰ飬ںڰжڰļطǳ꾡ķڰԸΪ˽⣬ɼˣķҲû뵽˵һ
ѹֺڰڰۻԵ졣
Ϊֻһ仰һ˽ִֵȥˡ
һֻʮܹ꣬ļԼĵ޹ֺڶʮܹﵽһ߶ȡ
ƫִܶʱʵһ¡
˵˼ûУ˵ģΪһ˵мֵ飬ǻҵ飬ôп֮һ㶼ỹ顣˵ĻҪôѵ߸һӲɣ
ķЦĿŰ˵
˵ķڰ뷨ֻǵҪԺţ˹մߣΪһǿȥĻôڵķĿʼͰˡ
ǲܷģһдһ֣Ƿ顣
ٴҡҡͷ˵
ҲҪ֣ءԺζϲȴΨϲװʲôʿ־дٺã˵Ҳûмֵ
ķһЦݵ˵
ȻУȥǮȻֵǮȥԺζģдֶ˵мֵġ
ޱ档
ȻΪԼǮȥΪʲô쵽޷ĵĵز
ķΪؿŰʵ
ΪҲֱȥǮҿֻȡ裬ҪȻţȥ飬ڱҵȥʲô޹ءҲԼֻǮǮĶһֱǮմһմᶯҡҵıģұԶһ;ϣ֤
˵
˵ͨˣʳסнֻȡЩͻȡǮʲôͬ
ķͷƵЩΡ
ȻͬǮ˻ţȴǱǮǮһӵУı޷רע츳ͨʵ۷壬Ψһİ취ǾһմȾעһɡ
鵭Ȼﺱĳһ˿
ǰֻʮˣȴ˵ôһĻķʵоЩΥͣѵҲһ˵ɣ͡ô˵ϳɣ
ԼԴֻͷɨȥķ˵ҲӳڣûǮ
ȷʵûǮ
϶˵
ķ˸ۣټ⣬ЩԺܹˣ󷲶ЩĵطȻε޷⣬ҲٿԽܡ
뵽ķҲһı鿴Ű˵ȻҲͬұļֱʾ𾴡һҪظһҷŵ˵ֶ˵ȷʵûмֵԭҿڱ֤㿴


050 뵱ͯ
ķ˵ʾɻ󣬵ķ˵֮󣬱ֻͬѪӽ䣬ûκҪ͵˼ɻ޷õκν
ѪתȥķеСǰֱǸ˺ܿ˵붹ǰŵСϺķҲֻյĿʼϵĶԣ֮⣬ûκαľٶ
վԭ촽ķĲٺнɴҲֱķԣ˵Ķһ붹ԣõĳ
ó֮ǰӲûĶӣҲ֪С֮ǰ˶õʱ䣬֮һ붹ԵļΪ졣
ķûж԰ľٶ˵ЩʲôֻʾǸ˼ٶ붹ԡȻͱһĺͰһٵĳ
˸붹ԣѾʼŵŬʱѪűīֽ˻
ʱⶹԵС̯ΧֻʣķôһɢĿѾԺúˡ
ķùѪӵıīֽ⣬ȻֱֽƽһСϣܿ콫붹ɾİԼķҪʲô
׹ףȴΪķܹ
Ȼֻʮ꣬鷨һϣѾﵽ˼ߵĲΣ
ķΧ֮ڣдıõ˻в٣Щȴܰķ
ΪڰķȻҪ˼꣬ȴԾ̫Щ
ͨ˼ʣԼ鷨ϵ츳ʵʮ㡣
Կķֽ̺ãȻĥʣ龡ҲߵķʵȴǲΪȻġ
ÿһԼóӵ㹻ĽţһĳһҪߵһĸ߶߱ʡ
ȻķűʣţǱʼֽ֮ϵɲǣȴ˲ɫ䣡
ķûĿʼдֻǽëʵıʺѹֽ֮ϣôһ򵥵ĶѾðʶĵһͫҲΪ֮
Ķ鷨Ķ鷨
Ҿһνõ֡
ֻʵķȺ͵ֽ֮ϵĶ֪ķѾﵽ˴ʦˮ׼
ûдﵽľ磡
ôܡôܣ
ֱԼ۾
ûķΧ֮ڣȻ鷨ϵ츳ܹǿ
ĿĿķºûκγ͵һƽʵдôһᣬžͽë𣬷һߡɫѾһƬҰף
ʵʷ±ʵѡձʵ硭ûκһ˿һȱ
鶢ķдµһᣬ񾭲һţУƺ綼ֻʣһᣬ֮⡢
侪ꡭֳ񡭡Ŷ󡭡Ȼʹﵽľ硭˼顭˼飡
ţ˫Ŀ͵΢΢ǰִֹֻסĲͬص䱦һ㣬ֽΡΡ
ȫûע⵽ʱķѾվһԣһȤĴŹǷ
ֽһ˫۾ޱ̰ضķдµһᣬ㿴˺һĹ֮źѵĴȫҵ״̬˳
űȻŤͷһԵķϵıһʱ˿ȣ
ô˰ɣд֣ĶûκμֵȻܹдһõҿջ˵ĻΪҵĿǸ
Űı仯ķ˵
дδʮʱ֮ڡҶд֡
ҡҡͷɫִһ˿ɻ˵֡ѾνɵļޣĿʼӵжԼķǡҲ˼꣬ճ˵Ҳӵ㹻дµַʱ䡭⵽ô¡ѵʦ˵ġ֪֮ʥ˲ɣ
˵󣬰ٴλָ״̬һܴ̼벻ͨĳһ㡣
ˣˣ鷨վСǼЩСΨһĿģֻΪĹ̸˳ѣҪ᱾ĩˡڵǺܺ棬ȻѾֶ֤ȷʵûмֵôôҪѶȣԶҪöء
ķһζ˵
ҡߣͯ
ֽվԭصͷ󣬺Ȼ̧ͷ˵ôһ仰
ķĳƺҲ˾
شķ֮⣬ķܵĻΪԼˡ
˵ʲô
뵱ͯ߸ѧϰܹȫ
ظһ飬˵ͬʱֳķľһֱȴǺ¶һ˿飬ƺ±ķܾ
ķɫʱ쳣ʣ֮ǰһϵеľٶȷʵΪ˰ѰմߣֻܹͰ齨һġõ˽˹ϵҲǳɹˡ
ȴôûϵ鿴ֱӱ۷ˣ
ѵԼղɣδʥԼͯô˰ҹЦѵİɣ
ķš
Ҹ̫ͻȻʵЩš


051 Ӭ
֪Ϊ΢鷨ҲֻǲĿʵ̷ҡֻϣܸһᣬ֤Լߣˡ
ķԼûκλӦֻΪķԥɵøæڼ˵
ʱûж㵭Ȼɫ˿ͺЩͨʮһ˻ûʧ
ķŴӷлعŰǼеɫǿЦõĵͷȻԸߵͯҵȻܾҪˣִƽ;زۣδĳɾǽҵͯĻʵί㡣
ܸߣʱ̻壬ң
һķ˼ǴӦҪʱϲٴι
ķٶ˵ֻİļѪӸ˶ԵǮȻż˴Ӻʱ෴ķȥ
ｫǰгڣֻķ˽ʱķͨŵ糱뿪ʱŵͨȴֻһС·ϡ١
ķһ˱˫֡Űֲǰ棬֮ıѾֽಽĸķ࣬Ѫ̣Ʒεſôֱڽֵ룬š
С·˲࣬ķǰУûٲĿ
һЩˣҲֻǲʱؿۡϳķ˭ģȴһҲޡ
Ȼųǵһ竣ʵʶķ˲ࡣ
Ͼ˿ڶȻǳˣھĳͨҲİĺܣһҵүˡ
ټķƽʱĻˮ׼߰ĳʵķֻǵϲȦͨķûʲô
˳С·ķĵƵһ·ƻļլ
ܳʱ䲢㳤ջȴޱȾ޴ķѾûʲôȥԸɴȻؼҾһ˵
ߵլ⻹һξʱļլĴűڴ򿪣ԴͬһŮӴӴ˳
֮ǰķЩ졢ȴôҲ벻˭Ůӡ
լſڴһھԶķ˾˵ЩʲôֻǿǸӣȻԴҪûռЩϵıˣκŮӿΪḻȻûɨԴ£ȴҲûԴʲôͷ
ֻһĹŮӱѾźۼƿԴһǳЦĶȥ
ԴƺŮһͬ뿪ȴֱŮӲ֪˵ЩʲôûܳУֻվԭأ쳣̰ؿŮ𽥵ʧߵС
ֱȫŮӵӰ֮Դδ֮ɫջĿ⣬ͬʱպÿ˴һķ
Դɫ䣬ݺݵصķһۣƺ뵽ʲôϺȻָ˵Цݡ
ô˫۱صվԭأ۳ķǰԴ˵ܸ˵֪ͨһ飬ڸղţϻ᷽Ѿͨݽĺ֮ľ롣Ӧҵǣ֪ҵʵʵ̫Ϊ˱֤ĹƽⳡǼ̾УǷʮ֮󡣳ϻʴȣʮ׼ʱ䣬ȻҿķǸʮҲûáȻǳϻľ飬ôȻӡ
˵Դ΢΢ǰӣյķĶԣü͵˵ұ֤Ϊ鸶㹻Ĵܾۡв˼ȭۣǳ˵ʲôĻҲǺ飬˵ǲǣԡúʮɣ⽫УҸʱˡ
˵꣬ԴޱŵĴЦͬʱתլ
ﵽְ׳գǼ顣ǲӬһȻ첻ɶӰ죬һֱ˵ĽУȴҲʵйˡ
ķεҡҡͷûԴϣпһŤͷͬѪ˵ϸղ뿪ǸŮˣһʲô˽ӴԼжϣֻҪΪΣգֹͣ٣𣿡
ǣү
ѪִӦһתŮ뿪ķжȥ
ѪȥķȴûҪլ˼Ťͷͬİ˵δһʱطļˣΣ
ֻҪܸãĲҪ
ƽĻش
Ȼһ·Ѿ¿סΪķдµһ궯
һʮ꣬ȴӵǿԿʵǿ⡣
ķ΢΢üֺǺǵֱӽǱͲͷĸӷңȻ·𲻾ĳļլб·Ƴһۣתլӡ


052 ʧ
Ѿ磬ļæһʱΣķլ֮ڣһ·ʹӶû
ļҵЩҵӪ֧ļҵתͷչ
լھסǧЩר˾̺ʹɨʹ⣬ļҵУŸԵλá
ֱϵϵӵܣȻЩҵλЩļġʹӣ϶ǸҵĹ£ľӪĹ
رʹӣܹļҽͣģȻļӵкļϵӵͬĵλԼȨ
ƶҲʹļڵЩʹӣһصΪļҲҵߡԼȫǻۺֻܹ֮꣬Ϊļһӡ
ϣһ˷ⷢȵԴ
ײ֮Ĳ죬ϣĸ
Դͷȴڰⲻò˵һĪķ̡
һ쵱Уҹ⣬ļլʱĺܡ
ͬķˣļʵ֮١
Ű˸Զ·ķһ·϶ڲźۼع۲Ű̬仯
ֲ·ļլڵһطЩطĹôݻı񶼴ûжı仯
ʼյʹͷʵʵĸķֻ۾һֱлֽﲻӻ
ķӦķǳ⣬֮ǰڴӦ˰鵱ͯķЩģԼͬǸı˰δľٶпܶ԰ԺĳɾɸӰ죬ڿȫˡ
һرĵزˣɳĹ̷ĸı䣬Ӱ쵽עĽ
һ·ͣĻصԼլԺѾ˯ŶʱɨԺ䣬ķֺǺǵĸŶ֮£ȻֱӽԼ鷿Ӻīٴڼֽд˴ҩơ
Ľ˿ƣЩдҩƵֲûʲôĵط
ˣְͯķдʼվһԸķĥİҲɿ˫۷
ôȥЩζҲֻܹдµͨѣӰķдУֻһ塢ˮ⾳չ֡
ڰ鷨ϵ裬ڼʵѾûʲôĿռˣҪȥѧϰģ⾳ϵĶ
Ȼǿþ۾
ܿдֽķŶ½н鷿Ȼֽ𽻸ŶֽѪͬŶһ𣬰ֽصЩҩĵȥܹܼҴӼⷿȡ
ǼⷿûеģԸŶܹܼҴӳҩвɹ
Ŷֱ죬ϾεҩԶһλҪö࣬СʵϲҪĻ
ķ̬ȼŶҲֻܲ鲻ԸĴӦһѪӵͬ뿪լԺ
»ָ˰㽫ķдµһ̯鷿ϣȻļĦ
ķҲֻǶԳլӡԺ˲
ǻ𷽲վլſʱԼоһ˿Ǹζ
Ƕںֵζ
ػ֮ǰΪ֯ɱ֣ķںֵϰߺڲȻֻ֪֮꣬ҪΧֶͺйص˿ķȻܹڵһʱ䷢֡
ֻķЩпǣűϢɱ֡ʵ̫רҵЩ
ֻǺֵĵײɱ֣ճ˵ҲӦôŶԡ
ϢûãȻĽ䵱Уȴʼܹ˲ôһ˿ڶʮ󣬾Ѿ֯ڲ̭ˡ
ڵĺ֣ڶڲɱʵҪϣԶûдﵽʮĸ߶ȡ
ķĬĬţΧֵֺټ֮ǰĳϻ¼ĿȻܴ̼˶һЩľٶȫǿԤϵĵġ
ֻû뵽ټڣ֯פ֣ˮ׼˵ĵӡ
ҪǷڶʮȫǲġ
ķӡ˿ڴﵽϵĳǳأεƫƧ֯פɱ֣Ҳڶǵˮ׼ҲʦĲΡ
ЩȽҪĳǳصУ֯ᰲɱֳפ
ԶڷϢķʵЩʧġ
ķⲽأ˼ʱҶȻɫҴҵĳԺӡ
ķԺֱӳ嵽ķǰٵʵȥˣΪʲôԴͬϻоҳϻȻǳˬͬⲢֱѸ壿֮ǰʲô飿
ôֲʲô£ǾԴҲҵĶְ
ķЦͬҶȻ˵
ҵȻ֪Ķ֣˲֪˸ͻ֪ѾﵽƷߵĲΣȻˣⳡȻԴҪÿôΪʲôԴҪ㣿ѵ㲻Ӧøҽһ𣿡
ҶȻһûı鿴ķʵ


053 ǵĿ꣬ǳ
ΪʲôҪͣԭҪ𣿡
ĹĵӣҶȻ˼㣬ķȻȤʶľҪŪ䡣
Ҫ˵ҪҪȻѾȷĿǵˣΪʲôר־ĶԸһĿļҵŶӰҸԭⷽѾھԵ·ˣȴҪԴһǣ㻹ԼĴ𣿣
ķǸӿҶȻЩһ㲻ɵøһЩ
ļңҵδޣҵļ嵱Ȼļ壬˵ô
ķЦ˵
ⲻص㣡㵽û˵ʲô
ҶȻ̲סԭض˶ţֺ޲ֱһķĳ嶯
ȻȻ֪ڵʲôİɣ
ķҶȻļԾı顣
һӦҶȻʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ǵһˣ鷳ԽʱƫƫԼȴһ޾ӣʵһץ顣
ǻǻɣѾŶȥⷿµȡһҩˣȻ׳Ѫ۶ʦûκμֵȴչ黹һЩܶʦõҩЧܺ׳ѪȣҲ㹻⣬δЩÿ춼ߣһ裬Ҹ塣
ķЦº񷽲ǷᣬҲǳůļ˵֮ǰΪܹͻʦԼĴʵ̫Щ˰ˡְƽʱǿģǵͻһʱ򣬾ͻΪ谭ԻԽԽáԺǿͻʦﵽڵĲΣҲȻֹǰҲ޷һġ
ǣǰ̣ҶȻȻɹرķתע΢΢üͷɵЩ˼ʵȷʵܹоԼЩֻǸоҲ㲻ġ˼Ժ󡭡ѵпܴﵽ֮ϵľ粻ɣ
ȻķŮˣôֹڣҪˣҿһҩʦһ֣仰ҽܹܼ˵ڿҪٶ˵һУһҩʦó顭ǻΪ棡
ķһƨı飬Ȼ˵
ҶȻʶ죬ķеһʱЩãȻķ˵Ůһ㣬ûκӦеķӦ
ڣ
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ټϰ˿ڣһҲֻгһڰ
һܹﵽڵĲΣôǷǬҲȫһǿˣ
ڡʦκһڶܹɵ
ڼ֮ǰҶȻĿܹ꣬Ϊһڼǿߣ
ΪֻдﵽڵĲΣܹʸȥԼˣ
ҶȻڿƶʣ֮ΪڣʵҲûжģǼǰķİֱͻƳΪʦҶȻֻһֱΪĿѵkһңԶ롣
ķ˼ƺ֮겻ܹΪڣȫԴﵽԽڵľ磿
⡭
ҶȻãȻգգ۾Ǹǲܵ顣
ͬ˺ȻһµӣδһܹΪǮһκһˣ˵ǡ
ɲ֪ΪʲôķһȻı飬ҶȻԼʶѾķ˵
ΪţԲŻᱻ˹
ҶȻȻԼƺķⷬޱȿ˵࣬ͬȻ䱻һ㣬ٲֻǾǵķΧ֮ڡ
ѹͲĿԴһ£ô鷳վҲֻǾļҷΧ֮ڵ鷳ڶȻҲȥںǡ
ҶȻķ˵
֮ԲڷֻΪаٷ֮ٵİգò˶õʱ䣬ңԿԴﵽڳڵľ硣ⲢζһǰѣԽСʱԽҪû㹻Ƶǰ£ֿյ̫κһʧܡκһ󣬶пܴٲĺһǶġ
ķͷվǿڽ͵
ˣҲˣ֪ԼʲôҲ͹ˡôʱ䣬ھո¶âӦöĲǡ
ҶȻζķ˵ĻŷԼЩСˡ
ٺ٣Լˣ㵱ȻҪʮ㡣̤ʵصͬʱҪ־ԶǵĿ꣬ɲǽֻңǵĿ꣬ǳ󺣣
ķӶԼĸ첲Ϊ˵
ҶȻǴãȻлָ˹˵֮ɫ³ҵˣղź񡭡˵Ůˣû㣬Ѿˡۡζ𣿿ҵúúøһӡУ
˵ţҶȻֱָɽ
δ£ָѾķŴȥ
ֻҶȻɫת䣬ȴǹһ˿޵Цݡ
Ժʱ쳹ķСе


054 ˵ķ
ŶѪӵͬ»صԺʱѾǰķҪ֧ȡҩʵ̫࣬ԳŶѪ⣬ʹһŴСĸں档
һԺӣʹŶָ½ЯŵЩҩȫѵִεڵͬŶѪǷ뿪ķլԺ
ļڣʹӺʹ֮䣬Ҳŷĵȼ֣ͬŶֱϵӵźӵʹӣʹλߵġ
ʹ뿪֮ǰҪͬѪӼ⻹ҪͬŶ񣬶ŶԴҲȻĽܡ
Դ˺֮ûйƽȡ
˫ĿŶѷҩģŶɰľ졣
Щҩĵʵ̫࣬ϸ޷ȫ£ֻܽеĴ󲿷ֶѵĵϣڴۿȥһʱԵΪҡ
Ŷ򵥵ĽҩĹº󣬱ү
ܿ죬ķҶȻһԷ˳֮ڡ
ŶѪӿķʱģȴǼͬʱЦ
үôˣһףǱ˭ˣ
ŶһЦһ߿ʵ
кҲգҲա
ķЩεİ˰֡
ķҶȻķⷬ˵ʱüëһЦĳЩ˵ƤǺʵôѵԣѵҪֲ𣿡
ȿȿȿȣŶȥ鷿гȿЩҩû⡣
ҶȻϢķپâڱæ˼ת˻⡣
ŶЦŴӦһת鷿Сܶȥ
Ѫվһߣ۹۱Ǳǹģ·ʲôûпһ㡣
ķͷҶȻһۣڨЦ£ŶӣȥǶѻһҩġ
ҶȻǰķһۣûм׷ķԴʲ⣬ת˴ڿõϣָԼһ裬۽ǵȴǲʼķϡ
ΪķʱڼҩĵĹУ麱ޱ档
ҶȻʵЩ޷ģƽʱķγɵֲŵӡϡ
һӡƺҲÿġ
ҶȻĬĬš
ķҶȻ뷨ֻר־ļЩҩǷҪ
ЩҩʵϲҪõʺϵҩܹѪԼҶȻγɼѵЧҩƷ˵ºࡣ
ר൤ҩ˶ҩĵ˵ǱȽϵ͵ġ
ķһҪƵҩȴͨҩҩҩĵƷ׻һµġ
ƫƧĵλԼӵսԵλעһЩȽϡеҩǲҵõġ
ķ֮ǰдҪҩʱ򣬱㽫нΪϡеȫȻҩЧƣӳҩ
ȻҩļҩЧõҩƣЧȴȻһĲࡣ
£ҩıƷҪͻӦߣ򼴱ǿƳҩҲ޷˹ά
ķǳǣһûЩҩзκӵƷҩĵƷʶȫҪ
ȻܹļҷҩĿб棬ЩҩȻ֮ǰ;ܹɸѡ
ҽͰҪҩƳ˴쿪ʼҪ裬úõص塣
򵥵ļеҩĺķЦǺǵؿ˵
Ѿ鷿߳İ仰ʱ¶ɻɫŶһ˷ܵؽеˡʲô˼ѵҵķү
ȻķݣҲǴӦҪȻڻûгΪߣҲЩˣֻҪүڣκ㶼⡣
ķֽŶͷֱңЦе˵
ŶʱһȸԾĻСǷ˺ΣǼʵǡҾܳΪǲҲܺүһһӾֱüΣ
ķ̲ס˸ۣڽ͵үҿţ㵱ȻǱȲ˵ġҲֻΪ˸ǵ壬ǵ崦״̬ͻƵĹвΪ֮ۡܶkֻһЩǱĬãȴʲôֱ۵֡
Ŷԭ˷ܵС϶ʱ¶ʧȫ޸ȻķǶʱڵͻƣһ˼顣
ɻɫǱȡֻǿķУЩ졣
˵ŻĹլԺȻ˽ŲѪֱ˴Ŵ˴ʱۼڴ֮ڣѪֵϲɵøεɫ
ô𣿡
ķѪһۣüʵ
ѪиүУү𷣣
Ѫû뵽ķһӱĽºֱӵϥأ˵
Ů˻ͨô򵥣ȴҲûдﵽʦĳ̶ȣȫԸûκӵĻȻǸŮСģҲܽ˦ѡһ£ܶʱ򣬹ɵֻø⡣
ķƽû˿ϵһ
үѵǣȷʵѪִˡ
ϥڵϵѪֵʹͷΪ˵
ˣȻ֪ˣǾɣȫѵԺҪٷƵĴͺˡ
ķ˵˵ֱŤͷʼǶͬСɽһҩ
ű𷣵ѪֶʱĴ˴Ȼ̧ͷͷȴķѾЩҩĵУĲˡ
˳֮״ѪһʱЩãȻ
ԼˡôƮƮıҹˣ
үԭ˺˵һ


055 ҹֵļ
һӰѼⷿҩĴҪ˽һ룬Сڸʲô
ı˫֣վԼ鷿ĴǰŴѾȻҹɫüʵ
ܹܼҴ˳ĵѯʿڻصӦҩھҪʲôҩͲö֪ˡүҩˮƽ츳ƽһ㣬Һȷ
ܲҲ㣬ʵ˵Сҩʦ顭̫˼Щһֻҩʦ֪ġ˳⣬ҩʦ˭ҲСӴӳʮʱһֱ˻죬ҩʦĻǸ˭ѧģ
ĵüͷĸȻʵЩ˼⡣
Ҳүҩʦ£ӹɵġʵҵǾáڶԴĳһЩʱǻҪȥѰס
ܹܼҳºô˵
ʲô˼
תܹܼʵ
ÿһ˶һЩԼܣ׽ˣܶҲ޷֮ڿڵġҿ۶ү˶벻ͨ飬ʵҪΪүϾġ
ܹܼ΢΢Ƿ
ܹܼһᣬ֮Ż˵ͷŵüͷҲչԳЦ˵öԣֻϰ֮ǰĻϰڶ⼸ı仯ʼմűܵĻɣǲԵġˣʲôʲôɣֻҪṩ㹻֧ҲˣС죬˵ģֻƾ̵ǣδǰ̾Ͳļң϶סġ
Ӣ
ܹܼҹЦ
Ӣƨ׵ôһһֱԼԼƿ԰ȴ룬ͷȻԼ׶Ӷû͸СЩҺÿ࣡һ뵽ȥЩÿÿΪĲޱʹĵĸоͺ޵
û˵
ү˵ҲȲѣףҲεġ
ܹܼЦǺǵ˵
ȿȣһõļͬʱΪһõĸף黹ǲҪˡ
ܹܼҵĻһʱЩΣ˰ֺתȥ˴ʵ£ڵڽ쳤ϻͨԴķ֮о룬ô
ϻԽԽ޼ɵˣǱߡӦܵһЩ档
ϿʼɣܾǰµҩѾȫע⼸뽫ҩ޾峤ǱתƵȥܰɡϾӪվãڼڵĹϵ̸ڣҪϻᣬҪһһ޾峤ǱߣҽҲϸĹˡ
ĵЩء
ĻڼʵɲС
ܹܼЩɵ˵
ʱҲ˲ЩˣЩڳϻƣķչʼͣǰһֱǻ񣬳λǸʲô뷨˭Ҳ׼ɽ¥ĸоĥȥ϶ǲеġزҩҪķˣ屣־ԵŽᶼǱǰᣡ
ĳ˵꣬ϵºڵҹɫһʱ˳Ĭ

ͬʱĿլԺ鷿ԴĿ棬Ų豭һһڵŲˮ
ĿӣһɫȻͬŲˮûκҪ˵˼
ֻһһԵĶӣ˺ȲƵʼӿ죬ӲòƵĸӲˮ
֮Դ޷ֳĬǿװƽ֮ɫȥΪؿڵ㾿Ǹʲô˵οķǸ쵰ҵģõĻҪǲú£Ҳ̫˷˰ɣ˵ֱܲӰŪɣֻҪͷʮҾͰķʬ壡ҪǾòУǾ͸ɲзҲˡҪҸ׷ҪΪԸϵܵ𣿡
Դֱӵ˵ĿƤ̲ס£֮ԳĬǾò÷ֻǵо̫˿Цá
֪ôᡭӶʲôƨɱְ
ֵġ
ԴһˬӣĿЦһ˵ܵȷʵԽԽ֪ˣȥһ뵽ٲľءȻǶԲ常Ϊ壬Ҫȥɣ常ǱߡһҵܾܵΪӦТ
Ŀ˵Դ̲סƲƲ죬ĿαǱġ
ҹɫ֮£ͬʱ˲豭Цԣȴû˿ů⡣

һķլԺĲҩѾűİЩҩ࣬Ȼһαֱꡣ
ķֻΪ˱һһεȡҩ̫鷳Ҳ˵ע⣬ŻŶֱȡôࡣ
ҪȡõʱҲӷ㡣
һϵʱ䣬ķ޾լԺͨҩһ㹻ʮҩ˸ԼͰõ׳Ѫ⣬ѪԼҶȻƵͬһҩڵҩȻǸûгΪߵŶƵġ
ҩѪ̵ͬ»صԼլԺķ̧ͷҹգһƬ
ͬһƬҹ֮£ͬһ֮ڣÿһȴŸȫͬͷ
ܴСܼ򵥡Ҳܸӡ


056 ʮ
ʮʱķδעҪΪʥСͯŮŶδҶȻԼѪ̣լԺ˴ŲŲӡ
ÿ峿̫ĵһƹâɢޱߵĺҹ֮ҶȻƮȻķԺ䵱УŶͻͰһѪ̵İæ£׼õԡͰеˮշС
ŶҶȻԡͰǷһƫ⣬ĸԡͰȫһƫ
ԭķҪԼԡͰҲŶҶȻƫ֮ڣڱҶȻһֻ֮ܲʲԸķ뷨
ÿһԡ֮ǰԡͰڶȵķõҩݵʱҲϸķĹ涨ִС
ͬʱÿһνԡ֮󣬳ķˣҪٸԳһöͬĵҩ
ЩҩͬķƵģ÷ǳ򵥣ȫΪҩԡܹķЧԼ𵽹̱ԪõĻ൤ҩƷҲֻһס
ֻ˵ԲһΪ˴ﵽЧķûʹͳһ䷽Ǹ˸Բͬ˲ͬĵ䡣
ԾܵҩֻһףͬķֱӽרõֶΣҩʦȻڼΪ߶˵ַ
ٶͨĵͽҩʦ˵Ǹָܾ߱ıҩͬʱȴıҩЧ
ҩʦʵֻǵֳ߱ɵҩȥҩˮƽӵκεĴҲΪˣŵҩʦУҩļֵԶ쳣߰Ľ
κһӵдҩʦڹȻᱻսԼԴ
ֻҶȻ˶ҩʦһ֪Щķչֳҩʦˮ׼˶ûбֳ̫ľȡ
ڼ˿Ϊҩʦķ۱ֵĶô棬Ҳڿķ֮ڡ
Ͼڼ˵ҩʦһȺ˼άȥǵˡ
֮⣬ھԡݺ͵ҩĵ֮ÿ磬ķ켸һϰһƶ
ĶһʮֲͬɣÿһƶǶͶȺչԽڼµս
ȻƲ࣬ҪʮֲͬƴεҪСʱϵʱ䣡
ΪҪʮеһȫλǱһһĶԼͽǽſɵģĹȻޱȵʹ࣬Ҳޱȵʱ䡣
ھܲûκεʵ˶ģÿһΰ˳ʮƵļˣɻ۵Ĵ졣
ķƵĵҩЧѣ¼ϰˡ
ǺڲֻдﵽɱֵĲ֮ʸѧĶʱϰܹγɼѵǿЧ
ݺڲԣƴصʵǷˣķöֻ֪֪ȷʵǸѵõĺö
ڼķ̽ѯҶȻǷԸסԺÿϻȥڶϻҪƽ׵鷳
ڲϵıҶȻֱӾܾķҲûмԣֻٻЩź
ÿѭĳʮʱ䡣
û̫ķ˵ϵļȴʮʱޱȾ㵵ķ֣Լ״Ǳǰδеĺã
Ȼ˲ķڵ˵Ҳʵû뵽ЧȻͼӰף
ѪԼѪˡ
Ѫ̵ҶȻһ֮ǰڹȵĴ壬޷εƽʱκӰ죬һ˼ͻƵʱڵΪ谭
ʵ֮Ƿǳģ΢ĩޣܹȡԴޣҪľ磬ΨһıǲϵĶг޵ѵ
ڶʱڼЧĿ죬Ҳͬ͸֧壬˵ͬʱʹȫмĿܡ
ҲΪʲôͨ˵ߵʵ٣ʦҲΪӴƫƫڵĲ֮󣬾ͻһӱϡ࣬ȫݼԭ
ѪԼѪֱˣΪļǿȻÿһѪ̶õļõԴбļվֻһС壬Դڽ񣬶ûгһڣȻܹṩԴҲǼΪ޵ġ
һѪﵽʦ磬ʵѾǴ߳ɾˣֻտԴﵽƷʦѣȻУȴûκʵʵ塣
ʵϣѪӺѪҲûȥʦ֮ϵĲΡ
ڵʵ󡢿ȻŷǳδҲˡ
һĻȻ˶֪
ȻûгڣôȻȥνڵ顣
Ȼʮĵ֮ѪֺѪȴȻ֣ԭܹоڵȫʧһɶ
尵˵ĻۣѾͣһûκζľ磬Ҳʮĵʼɶļ
ֱ漣
Ѫŵǣ֮ⷬ˺Ȼ֣Ϊңɼھ磬ƺһӾͱ࣡
ҶȻѪ̷ǳƣΨһͬǣҶȻڵİ˲ûѪôأʱҲԶûѪôʮĵЧϣҶȻҪԶѪ֮ϣ
ĸоǰδеĺãͬʱҶȻڵʮһֱ֮ͻƳΪ˶Ʒʦ
µʱ䣬ʹһƷʦͻƵ˶ƷʦǰҶȻζ飡
ڣkƫƫôеʵˣ
ͻ֮ҶȻʱڶȻ޷Լı仯
ɼͻƵ׸˶𺳡
Ƚ϶ԣŶı仯Ͳôˡ
ŶΪߵԵʣȻʮĵдޱȼʵĻɻֻһͨˡ
ԤǣһŶķĽ̵£ɹͻƳΪߣôʮĻۣڳڵľʱȻӵһ˼ͻٶȡ
ڰ飬ӱϿȥֻǴƷߵĲƷߣεĴӰڲȥȵĻͻִᷢʱİʮǰİֱȫһˣ
ǽ̥ǰı仯
ֱ仯֮󼸺׵Ļ˼ԭ֪
֮ǰ˴ȻУ
һб仯ķʮﵹԵ˵Ϊ
ʮĵɱƷߵľ磬ûκͻƣҶȻѾﵽ˶Ʒʦľ磬ķʱȻܹоһ˿ôԵѹ
˶ķѹľͻƣ
ԾɱƷߵĲΣ˭ҪΪķսֻƷߵĳ̶ȣǱȻõһ޴ġϲ
һļҵ˵ʼڰͰࡢûκα仯ʮ죬ļҵĳȴδ߳ƵĿˣ


057 ֮ǰ
ķԴ֮Ҫо飬ʮʱѾļҵÿһ䣬Һͳڶзš
ֻҺͳȻ֪飬ȴûйȥע
ΪҺͳ˵ǽļеҪһſȻҪעص̶ȥĻôķԴһ޿ڵλȫڿп޵͡
ļڣķˣɾʵһ͵ˡ
ϻϵĶӾȻҪͬ峤Ķӽоļҳʹûгֹλֱϵӵܻ֮о
Ȼļҳϻʷ׼ľǧƣ󲿷ʵֻǷʹԼ֮ˣϵӵзľ¼֮٣οķԴλģ
˵ʱƵ˳ϻ֮ǰġԴķҪоĵ죬ļڵľΧѾһƬͷܶ
оסļլڵˣֱϵϵӵܣʹӻӵ˾ΧǲôĹսС
ļҳϻȫԱֳʮѪ̡
ʮѪ̱˴һξ룬Χ
Դֻ֪Ʒߵʵķھļ˵֪У߶ûͻƣ˵ݵλʵ̫ͬһ㣬εⳡڼ˿ҲΪ
ھԵķϣһרĹս̨гϻԱԼԴĿʱȫۼǹս̨ϣԴ⣬˻֮䶼ոڵĵλֱǵϡ
ʹӸ׼˲ˮǰŵηһɫ£޾ڵĶŲ豭·Χһж޹ء޺ȴϹŵЦݣڳ൱̬
Դ޺࣬ͬޱŵЦݣԴ΢΢ţһĿӵģ
⼸ϣڻ֮Сš
ķû˾ΧʱȽң̨ϵĳС̨ۣµЩȺսͬڴۣʹķΧէȻ俴ȥͬгһ㡣
峤
һ⴫Ȼƽ͵ĺܣȴƫƫش˾ÿһ˵Ķ䡣
ͨļ˲䰲ս̨ϵĳϻԱҲǴεڴԼվ
ϲͬǣηϣѿɫһš
ıܹܼҵͬ´ڴ˾˵עĿһ·˹ս̨ʾⳤϻĳԱǿ¡
ķأ
վڹս̨ϻһȦķΧȴûпķӰĲɵÿʵ
ûйʲô鵢˰ɣҲû涨ʱ䣬ٵȵȰɡ
޾ش
ӦǺµĲ˰ɣ⵹Ҳʵ̫󣬶ķ˵ʵһΪǵѡֻǰ桭ǳϻ׼ͨľκһѡսôҪܵĳͷ൱صġϾļңĵľų򰡡
޺ЦǺǵĽӻ
ŶԭҲΪķԴ֮ʵ಻СһΪڳϻῴķԴʵ൱ءȻˣҵǺܺ泤ϻΪʲôͨεľ롣Ƚ󣬻볤ϻ͹ڴ˴ξ̣ҽһ½ͺ˵ĹܱܲˣΪΣ
ĵһʱץס޺Դ֮©΢ЦŤͷη˵
޺ɫ䣬η˫Ŀ΢󻺻ĵ˵ͷ״ƽ˵һƾš
ȻûǾôˡˣɣŵȴʱ䣬ҿ죬ɷɡ
һº͵˵ֱλڹս̨λϡ
ҪԵĴһȦǹս̨רŸ׼Ρ
ηǰϣһ˿Уܿ˹ȥԼλá
ʱһһţĳֺȫľʱٴοʼۿϾҪ˾涨ʱޣķȴûг֣ڸ۵һʱ˷
޺֮ǰ˵ЩսȺлǺгģݵʼղֵķÿһ˵뷨޺޲ࡣ
ʵΪķǵļûйӡһ飬Ȼܵıķʾɡ
ϾҪʱˣʱԴΪֹķȴʼû¶棬ȷʵԴսˡǻҪȥҿֱɣҲü˷˵ʱ䡣
޺Ťͷ˿ս̨Եõʱʯֳ̣ɫؿ˵
ѯĵʵڿڵʱ޺ޱʹΧڵ˶ܹһ
ȻûĻػڴȴ˻Ӧ
ʱ仹ûеϱ˵ȲҲʵǶԴ̫û˰ɣ治׳Щùֶ⣬׻Щʲô
ҵľɲǼ㾲
˵Ŀһʱٴˢˢؿ˾ڴ
һİ£һķʱɿվ


058 ڱì
˼λõˣҲû뵽˯ͷһ۽Ѿʱˡ
ǧ˫۾ĿУķû˿ŤҲûжŵģֵĳ˻֣һ˵Żһֱӳмľȥ
Ȼ˵Ų˼ϵıȴ˿жϿҵζ
ҶȻǸķ󣬺ķһľ롣
ķȫĿ⣬Եûȥעǡ
ķ֪ǾӣΪʲôҪ֮˶ôʱ䣡ʵ̫Ϊˣ
֮ǰץ޺Ĳˬ
ʱԼĻôոպõֱӱķ˻ǵ˵棬޺һʱʵЩ߳ŭ
⻰ʲô˼ûǴĻ棬ʱھʱ̣Ҳ˵ֻҪʱ֮ǰˡʱУҲδٵһ˵
ķվ˾ϣ̧ͷ޺ޣһʵ
޺ޱʵɫ΢΢һֱͣ˹ս̨ϣһʱ䲻֪ôش
Ϊķ˵Ĳûκδȷʵ
ֻһֱھļڵ壬ʹ˭ֻҪμӾ㶼ֳޱȵء
ϻ׼ľ˫һ㶼ھһǵ״̬ҲãǳľҲգ֮絽һЩչЩ˵ĺô
ö֮ϰھоͳһȻûȷ涨ȫĬ˵Ǳ
Դ˴ξʼ֮ǰе˲Żô硣
ҲΪˣ޺޲Żŭ֮£ʶʱ̫飬ȥķ
ķôһʣ޺ʱɵۣϾֻǱֲ棬˼ԸصȻǺãԸصĻȻҲûκ⡣
Ǻã
޺Щ²̨ʱĺȻ˵ˣȻҲˣһҲ棬ǾͿʼɣҪһЩˡϣΪ峤ϻԱʱɻıǼдĸһӦúҪߣҪΪԳϻʧ޷ƽ֣ôһִмȨҪϻΪϵʸˡ
ĵ൱滺˼ƫƫȴǼأ෴֮£޺ûɵĸоһ˿⡣
ڳϻǰδеǿƣΪļһμһ򱻹ΪһΪӹˡ
ļ˵ӡУĵ֪϶ĸǱĶš
޺޵ļԴӼμûеκһϵ棬κһλ
Ǵʱ˿̣ƽ糣ɫ޺ȴǵһη֣ԭҲľмϣϵķȻѾĶŭ
뵽޺һ飬æĹ񣬿ڵѵǣʧ̬ˡ㰴ռͿʼɡֱϵӵ֮Ҫеľ棬ھ֮ǰ˽м
ĵ˵ͷûȥ޺һۣλվֱǰ˼վ˹ս̨ǰء
һʱļ˵ע׷ȫתƵĵϡ
ÿһ˶ܺ棬λԴӼκڼ֮ںٷԼ󲿷ֵƺֻڳ䵱һļˣ˵Щʲô
λʵվҲġԭ򣬻Щܹµļ꣬ʱķƮҡ𲽵ķչΪ֮һʲô
˵Ĺͣ£ΧһȦż˵һĵŽᣡÿһ˶ԸΪ帶һеСȴη塢۾ٵǿΪȱǵƴͿ˼οĳɼ
ٴζ˶٣ʱڵļУٲ¶˼̬󲿷˵ԾǲΪȻ
ȱǱڳλɳĻ䣬û㹻ѹǰ£ҿҸҵ뷨Ȼ뷨ӦóΪ˺ַܻ֮磬ַӦԲ˺ΪǰģҲǼ彨ƶȵĳԡڣֳȴѾʼŤһעص㣬ȫעڵĶϣҿҲ˼Ĺؼʱ̡ҪôɼɵҪôٲ
˵ôһںηʱɫ
ҪĻЩⳡȻϻ׼ΪȻسϻ֮ͬˣϣУֲҪ̫ݣ㵽ֳֹܹʤɡ
˵仰ʱ۾ȴǿžϵķ
Ѿܹܼҵ֪ķǰľ磬ʼʱķô̵ʱȻƷߵĲζʵоţ𾪵ʧĳ̶ȣȷʵ֮ҲͲȥ̽
ܹܼ˵ģܶ飬ʵûѰ׵ıҪ
仰ȻڶķҪ
ֻȻô룬Ļ䣬ںɫηֱӿڵ峤ȭۣǾҪⷽƣֻþ˫ţ޷ӳʵļ㣬ļӵȻҲûôᣬսܵǺģ˭ҲΪ˺峤ĵ⣬ֵҿûʲôҪ
΢΢üȴûȥģŤͷ޺ʵĶǲ֮һҲ𣿡
޺΢΢һЩ룬ȻģȴֲҺĶӣֻ΢΢˵ͷҧ˵ǣҺʹͬ
ĻشĲ⣬ؿ޺һۺŻڵȻˣͰλϵ˼ɣԿʼˡ
˵꣬תֱӻԼλ£Ȼϵıƽ˭ܹоĳĺܲˡ


059 
ֱϵӵķֱͬϵӵԴ֮ľʽʼ
޺ûȥģ˵˾Կʼʱ˿æ
±Ӧλϻȥ棬Ҳ˲ˡ
֪ΪʲôĽֳǰδеǿӲǲ
޺ֻⳡȻȥη֮ϸµĹͨһ¡
ĺȻʼԼԼӰ죬޺ʱö֪ǳĵָı䣬ڱηƵĳϻһǼ¡
޺£ԴһԾӹս̨ӯ˾ķ׵ľվ
ȻֻƷߣȻһΪϻϵĸףԴѧһӦؼۼ໹ķ࣬ɶȻļġ
һԾ̬ҲʵĿټԴͱȽϳɫòһվʮ㡣
Χ۵Ⱥ̲סֱӿڽ˺á
ԴԼ볡ķʽҲǼΪ⣬վӺ󣬱ֱһ°͵˵ķ޳ؿڵķ˵۸㣬ʵʵ̫Ϊ˹ƽҾУйʽʼΣѾ㹻Ŵ˰ɣ
У𣿡
ķڳһϲı顣
Ȼ
ԴȻĵ˵ͷ
˼ǣ֮ڣ֣Ҫǻӣ
ķΪ˷ܵؽе
Դɫʱ£ģҪξм˵Ƥӵ£ķ׵׵Ķһˣֻܰķ̼ʧȥǣҲ֮ܽҵװʧֵɱķĻᡣ
ӵ˵ô£ʲôʱô˵ˣ
䣬ԴҲúķɴɫĵ˵ͷͬķ˵
һɶ˰ɣλҲ˰ɣԴ׿˵ģҪУ֡ҪǻˣǾӣӣҲֱӿģ
Դͷķʱе
ԴֱӴסȻ쿴ķһʱЩ·
ʲôʱ˵ֱ֣ˣ
⡭ôĿŵĺ˵˵أ
ƫƫղȷʵ˵Ҫе飬ڼ˵Ĺעص㶼棬ķ˳ڼϵĺ䣬ǱĬĻʶΪȷʵҲ˵ˡ
ӹս̨޺ޱȵɫϾͿɿһߡ
ϾķôӵĽСΪԴס񲻵һӾͳķĶˣ
ʲô°
ķôһָЩķ޺ֱӿڵϽʼɣԴȻ˵УȻͲỹ֣ǿٶ࣬ҪԴ½Ƕʲô壡
ٺ٣ϼ£ϾǾȻҪϽһЩпȷ涨ھҪʱڵһЩĹôҪϻͬеģֶĹ㲻ϡҲǰ£Դ
ķٺЦ˵
ҲŲᷴڣӺɷ˵ȥĻóȥˮοһǵȫ˵ģôܻᷴڣ
Դ̲סŭ
Ͼֻһ֮ʣûз£˭Ұٷ֮ٵȷأȻ˵ûҪ˶ʳԶʵľٶһͲҪأȻֻǾٸӣ˵㲻Ҫ㲻ܷϣȷʵĿܣǲǣ
ķһĿԴ˵
ķ㣡
Դĳķ̤һķһ˵ֻԼѪӿʵЩҪƲסĳֳ嶯ĸо
ǰôû֣ķ˵ô˵أ
㿴㿴ղŻ˵У̲סҪȶˣҾ˵ɣտƾ£ϸҪģֻϵù
ԴĶķٴΪŵĽ
ˣǾе˶ڿţǲҪټˣ
ۿķĲƴڻ£ķΧʼùŹƺԽԽһͷ־磬޺޷ԼȻصεķ֡
ֱӳɫ쳣ѿ˵ԴʱǫУҴϻ׼ͨΥֱиڣ̿ʼκ޹ص֣ӲԴߣ۴
˵꣬޺ޱֱضķȻķҼ񷽲˵˵޺һԥĳֽķ¡
޺޺ʧǣ£ķȻľ쳣Ĳٶԣ˾ĹأȭԴ˹֣ű˼ơ
˷Ӧ޺ԭõ׼һ˿գͬʱҲһȭ˿еܸо
ķʲôʱˣ
޺ΪƵš
ɣķУҸĻᡣ˵棬Ϊ峤֮ӣǧҪ
ķڿƣԴǿѹ˷űķŭһͿԾĶķ裬ϵı黺࣬Ҳָ˸տʼİ
ȻˣҾͲˡ
ķ΢ЦŻһ䣬˵ӰһģĿⶢž˼ͬʱסҲգ۾ĹķѾԴǰ
֮׵ľ룬˲䱻ȫĨƽ
ž

ޱİԴĲҽһȻ쳹
ķһƳĲͻȻڳ֮оһ
ֻκηķ˲ԴǰĶʵ˵֮⣬Ϊ˵Դûκε׼⿴ͻȻİɽʵʵĳԴϣ
һƵԴֱӱķ˸ޱǱĵ˵ϡ
ս̨ϵгϼͬʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫĴϵϹսÿһȫŴ͡ԭı˲̣һؿķԴ޷Լ۾Ļ棡
ƫƫԴϣޱָӡȴ֤ǷһУģ
һʱ䣬ķΧڶ·ֹһ㣡
£ϵķȴǻسűһȵڵϵԴһָͷ΢Ц˵ǵһС


060 ֳʤ
ķҪɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡
ڵϵԴǲŵסԼһƵİķ΢Цģھһ˲Ĵͺ󣬱һӱޱ
ͺһԴȫֱӴӵϵȻ˳þȫսȭͷķŴ
֮ڣǲֵܻģҪֱи𣿡
ԴȭͷķûκεӦԣôɿվţͬʱһ΢Цؿ˵
仰·ĳħһ㣬ԴȭͷۿžҪķϣȴھķֻʮ׵ĵطϣӲͣסˣ
ͨ˫ۣԴҧ嶼ΪȵķŭԵĲ
ǰǽߵЦݣޱȵҪԼȭͷݺݵķϡ
һ˿ȴʼûȥ
δһ֣ͻ̱иӼȻ˵˵ĻôȻͻȥ
Ϊⷬ嶯ĪⳡԴԼһɱĶеġ
ߣһ˵Ȼ˵УȻᷴڣ
ԴǿջԼȭͷҧгݵļ˵ղֻҴ˶ѣû뵽ȴռ˱ˣķұ֤
ž
ԴĻ˵һ룬ʼЦеķȻٴָڶӣ
һͣķû϶ֻǽԴԴȵƫ˸
ǶȴͻȻĳ˵֮⣬˭û뵽ķǻԴ˵ʱٴζ֡
ǵڶС
һƺķٴԼ֣ԴǰڳָͷЦе˵
ΧЩսУܶ඼ʶסԼ͡
ս̨ϵļǻ֮һÿһ϶Ŀ˱˴о㵵ɫ
ķϲûɢκεԪͬʱҲ㲻Ͽ죬ЩϿķֳٶֻͨбȽϳɫģºһƷ߱ҲҪࡣ
ɼˣķɽʵʵԴͣ
˵һԴĻôڶָνͣ
˾̫ߵķӦҲԲͨ˿Աȵ˵ġ
ķĶͻȻ£˵ҲܹޱȴݵȥӦԣ
⾿ôģ
һڳϵͬʱʡ
ǴŵܹһЩ⣬ķĶͷھϵƶƺЩ˵С
Ȼǵ۹Ϳ׵ô¡
ЩļҳϻĳǣʶΪ̫ܵ𶯣Ӷ˴
ķˣȻһٶңҷģˣ
ԴܵסԼһգǰζ֮ɫЦֻǻѻһŷ·ϾҪըĻһ㡣
ϣ⻰˵ģôôأֻһˣ֮ԴӦⳡȫΪģɲΪ⡣ʲô˵ģǰҲٿ⣬˵ǲǣ
ķһ޹ؿԴǳϿҵļ˵ⲻҲ˵ԼΪ⣬űҴ򵽵ģﲻ˵Ƣ֪ģϲţԽô˵ҾԽϲΪ֤бֱӴͣղŵǵһ¾Բ⣬ҲȲڶµǻ⣬
⣿߾ү
ԴžҵţؿڴѹƵķŭǵͨ죬ԭķ¶ĸϵָӡǺôˡ
һСķҲֻܿСռˣйһϣŵУֱ䣬ұ֤κοڵĻᣡվĹأֻҪû䣬Ҫһֱȥϣʱ򡭡㻹Цó
Դҧ쳣޵ޱԹĶķ˵
ͣǵ˵棬ԴǸоԼҪˡ
Ψһ֧ܱһ˿ǵͷǽܹķмµ裬ķЩʹ࣬ʮٱĻȥ
ΪǵԸ͵ĵط
Դвķ΢΢۾Դ˵
ֻ̫ᣬڼȷŭеԴһʱûʶķһ䣺˵ʲô
˵һЩ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ķԴһһ˵Ȼ̧žֱߵԴСϣ
ǰûж㲻ͬٶȲһͬԴûκεķӦ
ƴֱӴԴСϺ󣬴ԴﱬĲҽһʱϿգ
̫Դһߵľǵ˳ȥ
һǧƽҴСľ̨ļ棬˫һֻ߱䵽̨֮⣬ᱻֱи
ķһ߷ɵԴոպõĵ˾̨ıԵصˤھ̨Ϻų徢£ֱ䵽˾̨֮⡭
ϷԵһĻʱйսļͬʱ㵵Ŵ͡
ս̨ϳĺϹܼҲһȫĿĿǰһĻ
ʲô͡ˣ


061 ĸԤ
ѽѽⳡӮأáá
ķ̬΢Щŵĳܹ˹֡
ķһ߷ɵԴڵϣ˫ֱСһš
һƬûκһܹǰľӦеķӦ
Щļˣǹս̨ϵһڳϣÿһ˵϶ޱȾ㵵ı顣
ʵϣġϹܼԼҶȻ⣬ⳡ֮ǰ˭ûķȻսʤԴ
ִûԤϹĽеĳǰʱ˵ĵһӦ޷Լ۾
ΪʲôΪʲô
޺޴վڹս̨ϣ˫Ŀš
ηɫ࣬žﹰֵķĿʵ˶ɵĸо
Ŀɫ糣ŵЦݣֻЦô·Щǿͬʱŵ˫ȭҲĿʱģԲֳƽ
λϣѾˣ棬˫κһһ˾̨ķΧ֮⣬ˡԣϿⳡĽɡ
ﹰ֮ķŤͷ˹ս̨ϰڳ˺ܷԭƢĵ飬˵
Ҳ
ŶڵϵԴڻһʱ˻е
ǲı䲻˼ȶʵλϣѵҲΪ룬ӿʼеĹӦöǷİɣ
ķƳԴһۣٴŤͷ˹ս̨
ԴеĻᣬ͵ϮķʽȡʤվЩʤ֮䡣
Ӵ͵״̬л޺˿Ǻؿ˵
ԳϻԴΪڣ񶨾ĽȻҺԴٴһ𣿡
ķ۾ʵ
޺΢΢һ죬һЩ˵⵹ҲǲԡϾһǳ飬ϷȥԴ˵ʵǼ¡ۺЩǣȷʵⳡһΪãʵԷڰ
⻰һڣڶʱһƬȻ
Ȼļ˶ķûжĺӡ󣬵޺Ҳʵ̫ѿЩ
Щļ˿ķԴʵֻǰļ˵˾ûһö
ڸϣЩļ˵ҲȽ
˵һҪˣʲô޳ܵ鶼óˣڳϻҪ˵ķϣشһΰɣȻǲҾʹǷΪֹ
ķ˵
޺΢΢һЩû뵽ķȻôʹֱͬ⡣
ηɫ࣬ȴûֹ޺޵ΪȻҪηɫ£ηûκαʾҲֻװơ
ԭҪԷԵ޾壬ڻûп֮ǰͱֹ
Ȼ޾岻ԭ򣬵ڶĵΣ޾Ҳͱ˳Ĭ
һϻ޺޵ΪȫĬϣ峤Ҳûж޺κɡ
ټķҲڱʾͬ⣬ôһƵҪȻ谭ֱӱͨˡ
ԴʱĻ壬ǳ׵ĻعǿĴӵվ˾ڣйսļһʱȫ׷׻
Ȼÿһ˵󣬿ɼܲס˶࣬ķΧ˲һƬӡ
û˸ҴķվھϵķھܽԵʣܹеһЩֻƬ
ЩļеȫΧ޺޷ŶⳡĸԤϣȻûжٵߣķǳǣⷬΧЩ۵Ķһб
ͬʱܶļ˶ڵĳϻҲʼĳ̶ֳϵĲܶѾڽŽ飬굽Ǹ֮ǰģϻ᲻ԴһЩ
Ļַǳ׵˴ĹһʱķΧڣļ˵Ĺע㶼ٷķԴϣ׷תƵ˶ԳϻеС
ܹ׵ĹĶĵķŭʹЩļ˻֮ԽԽ󡭡
һСĹԭʼֻΪӵ۾Ȼͱееĸоˡ

ۿųԽԽң޺޲òһһƷʦľޱı˳˼ϡ
޺һȣԭԽԽ߿ʱʧļЩ˶ڳϻεĲ֮£ҲԾűܵķӺη塣
ֻȻȫ޺޵ĺǳб죬˿޺޵Ŀ⣬ȴѾû֮ǰ𾴡
һ飬йս֮˽Ӱ쵽˫ķӣڣ¿ʼ
޺ܹо˵Ũҵ⣬ʵ޷ԼĶھΪķʵҲᵱ
ȻѾˣȻֻܼףֻҪһľԴܹķγɾԵƣ㹻ķȥǰЩ״


062 
ķҳϻС㣬һжΪֹˡ
Դҧضķ˵һ˵ͬʱһһĳķ
Ƶʲ죬ķһŵȻ˵㲻أȴպߵʱϢѾ˹ȴȻҪͨһЩ滺Ķе
ֻڳķȥʱϵıȴޱȵŤҲźεǺ⡣
ԭԴΪķˣķʹŻھʼ֮ǰ˵ķеĻ
룬вûд赽ķʹڼ˵Ƥӵ¶˸
ǱƣŸֱӱķһ̨Դмһֱڣʮʱʹûܵ裡
˰µľǸ߿ԼС˶֡ˣҵĿѾﵽˣҲü˷ʱ䣬͸һʹɡ
һ߽Դķҡҡͷ˵
СķԼ⣬Ѿߵķֻ׾ϵԴȫûΧЩļҵˡ
ʱԴȻԼĹ뵱С
ܷŽʵʵİķƺһţʵԴûĽķ
Դ֮ԻᱻȫΪԼ⣬ʵķʵûκιϵ
ԴͣԼԺй֯ŽҪȥķʱȴȻ䱻ȭӰ
ЩȭӰֵͻȻֱӴԴأˬŵĹ룬ԴȫûзӦʱ򣬱Ѿȫϣ
ǣң
ϼͬʱʮȭʹͨ񾭴뵽˴ԵкԴĶķĵͺȡ
磡
ʮȭײĵܼǰ󲻹һĹķѾʮȭ
ЩȭͷʵʵĺУûǰκη̬ԴȭͷڼͬʱĹ´˲˶ݵĿհף
Դ˫͹Ȼֱֱĵķǰ
ķΧڣһ뵽˼ȵİС
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ս̨ϣһļҳϵ۾˵Ųŵζ
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ڶʱںͨʵȥѹƵ£Ҫ볹׵ĽڲĶȫڳͱͨ˵Ĳ֡
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065 Ҫʹʹ
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һƬžľڣ޺˺ѷΰĲҽС
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Դ㲻ҪҰ㡭ôܳأµģҽʦҽʦأ
§Դʬ޺ȷԴû֮˶ʱһ߱ԴʬҡţһŤͷΧЩļ˴
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066 Ի
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ηΪ׵ЩϺǷܹе⣬ʵҪ
Ȼ˵ҪӶ
ֻЩȴûа취ĽнͣԼ׵ѯʣķЦһ֮󣬱ֻܻشԼ뷨ֻЩ뷨޷֮ڿڣϣѡҡ֪ԼʲôҲЩΪĺȥˣ֤вòȥɡ˵ǳԣһϣܽҵԡ
ĵüë΢΢ķ˺һŻĵ˵ͷ
վȥ
һֱߵҵſڣͣ£ͷҲص˵һֱԣͬǣǰʹģڵȴοҺܸˣڳˣܾǰѾˣֻҲ֪ǲҪֻҪסĸףȻԼ뷨ôͷĴ󵨵ȥΣҶޱ֧ѡµʵʧܣʧܵĿʱհǰ˺󡣡
˵ִ꣬ܿլӴŴֱպϵ
һ˲ĸףľ޹ء
ҶȻſڵķ򣬺Ȼ˵
ûҺͬ˵
ķЦŵ˵ͷȻԼĴ̣αװ˴ģ


067 ηķ
޺޵ԺһƬ塣
޺ޱԴʬɫһ·ԼԺ󣬵һʱߺŽԺеʹȫ˳ȥ
ټլԺֻܿʣ޺޸ˡ
˵һʬһˡ
ԴʬôֱӰڷԺӵĿյϣ޺һƨԱߣؿѾûκ¶ȵʬһƬհס
޺ȴʣһ;ϼ޽
ȢŮˣȴʱĳ嶯İϣΪ˴ϵķй
ֱӡںĿʼᵽʮָĵĸо
ϵļУԴѧﵽѧϵĶѻֱԴ𽥵ĳ󣬱Ѿﵽ˽߻ħĳ̶ȡ
޺Щƺеһаŵ壬ȫΪԴ
Դˡ
޺ҡ
Ҳ֪˶ãլԺȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
ϾηĴ˽һֱԿհ׵ڵϡ֪Щʲô޺޾˹
޺ޣڰ
޺ȻŤͷԼ߿˫ۿնĺɣηɵüͷ˵
ڰǺǡڰǰܸ˽ڰһʲôأ
޺ŤͷԴʬ壬һθоԼĲϡ
˵УԴʻ̬ûη𾴡
޺ޣ֪ڷǳʹ࣬Ҳܹ㾿жôܡڲҷʱķ⣡ǿ֮ǰСӦȻΪԴ𣡶Թ԰ѵԴĿ𣡡
η˵ǸʹЩ
޺޵̬оԼܵĪðھϾѾԣټ޺޸ֽŪһ㣬ĻȻһƷйһЩվǻ˴롣
ʱǰ޺һնıϹϾηҪ̲ס
ֻǿ޺ǿն˫ۺͺģηŭֻԽԽ㣬ֻǿס
ԴϳϻĴû
ԴѾˡ˵һжҪˡжôܣô⣿㲻ġ
޺ҡҡͷϺȻһĨЦһЦţ۽Ǵǻˮ˳ֱӻ䡣
ûԴȷʵˣκ˶Դ˶κΰ취㻹ţѾˣŵӦΪȥЩ飡һǾ仰һжҪˣҪԴĿ𣿡
ηǿͷĻһԪţĺǳ
޺΢΢һٴŤͷη
޺޵ڲôնη˿æ˵޺ޣǳ죬ϸһ룬Դ˵ķпʼһƺͶһһİĳּȶķչһֱԴ˶ǳϻҲͬʱ˼ȲҪ˵ЩûκڵϵǾԲŵģķ⣡
ηķ⡱仰ڶظˡ
ηǿ޺Щɣſ˵Դ͵ϮһȭͬҲķˣҲԴ͵ϮһȭշչĵزһĶķıģôƾʲô֪Դ͵Ϯ֮ǰҲû뵽Դķ͵ϮķʱҲԴ͵Ϯ˾֤
ʵǣķûôصأ
ηصĺһ˵Ķķ簮Դ簮֮£ҲΪ竡֮ǰھϣķѾˣıķĵһӦȴҽʦķм飬ķǾϲͣĶȺ鼤ܵ˽аѵ㲻𣿡
˼ǡ
޺Ȼһ˫еĿնڳ׵ʧ
ΪⳡĸݵһϷĿȻԶԴ͵ϮһȭҲƱûиķΪôصƣһķȻֻǱֳһƷߵĲΡ˵ķ⣡
η˵
һʼûô룬ԭ޺˵ķʱ򻹽ֻΪ޺޴ֱʹѹͬ˼
Խ˵Խ룬η˼ԽԽȴȻֵ֣Ĳļƺ뷨Ȼпܾģ
ķôܻµԴľٶϾԴһȭ֮ͻȻҲû뵽
޺޻Щ벻ͨ
ʼ֮ǰԴķʱķԴ裬ӦüǵúɣԴ˽⣬֮£ԴķӦ
ηתԽԽ죬еĹȫһﷴ˿˿⡣
һжĺķӡҲʵ̫˰ɣ
ǰôʹûзأ
ҡһЩˡȻЩ˼顭˵ȷʵе
ηķ޺еĺޱŨ
Ҫ嶯ǻҪϸĺϼƺϼƣΪ飬Ѿǳı֮С޴˵ɡ
Լŵһ˼ͷηЩأ˵תֱӽլӡ
Ҳæȥ޺ǱԴʬĬĬ˵仰űʬתլӡ


068 ǵҹ
Ϧĺ¸ֵеҹĻ£𽥵Ŀʼ
ŰʱǷزũ϶Ѿʱ֮ǰ˳ȥ
ȻÿĳŹرջЩʱ䣬ĳſڶѾεڵϡ
ܰǳ䷢ع涨ûгڻԱֻҪЯдǬͨ·ôڵĸջҹ
ֹҹҪķ˵Ϊ߰ԴӲܱߵũѡסڳ
һЩڶɽڸǳ̻֮żӵѡڿջڶʱľס
󲿷ֳ̣ھסڿջֻ֮ϸߵķʽ϶ڳڳʱסһõԺ䡣
ڱݷԼסʳ̶϶޷ͿջȣʤڱˣҶٿһȶŵص㡣
ɱȶԶΪҪȥǵء
ûǮסǮ˲ϲס㵼ڸջ϶ȽϿ
κ⣬ͬƶĵطҲٻôһһȻĿջֻܴǿάֵ״̬ȴҵΪ𱬡
λڶǵġ𱬵ĵʹ
ӹģ˵Ƕǵпջֻеȵˮ׼ջڲװҲֻһ㣬Ȼ˵ªҲʵƲݻ
һڵⶼ͸ƽӹζĿջȴпջУͷߵģû֮һ
ʱֺŵһͷڣһİ׳ĺڴŬĸš
ƺѾ̵ʱ̣׳ӵĶͬһ㣬Ŵѹÿ֨֨ͬʱͷڻŮޱȸ߿˷ܵĽ
ʱûгã׳ӱͺһ鴤˼£žʹӴڴͷ¿𴩺á
ִ¿Ķͳɢӣӵ˴Ů˵ԡ
Щ󣬰׳ŤͷŴϵŮˣ˵ֲ͸ġ˰ɣ̶֪ĳȥ˭ðɣ
ллүĶͣүģȻǵһ£֮ǰǱ߶úġ
ϵŮһѽɢץϲ˵
һ£Ҫ뿪һ֮ǰǵðѷٸҺúʰһ£һһҪ˯ġ
׳ӵ˵ͷڷԸ
ǣ֤ʰĸɸɾģү⡣үҪҹ𣿡
ѵ󷽵ĶͣŮ鼫ѵԵΪ顣
ϣĲڳмҵ㲻Ҫؼҹҹ𣿡
׳ֵʵ
үĻҼλǸ˷ЩպƹҪȥٳһͰһˣϣҲǿԵġҡүղʵ̫Щһûүˡ˵ʵеͷĸо
ϵŮЩߵ˵
ãͱˣҰɣҪǶ˾Լ͵ԵϾУò˶õʱͻʱٴսһᣬȢ㣬޵ĺø
׳ӴЦŮӵһѣת˿ͷ
ӿͷг󣬾ֱ˳¥µ˿ջһ¥һ·ĵСޱͬ׳Ӵк
׳ҲǺƵһһӦֱˡ֮ԭŵЦݲ˲ʧ
Ȼûʱ򣬵ֵϵѾ࣬һЩĵطʼ⣬󲿷ֵĵ϶Ѿš
׳ڽϣٿЩͻأ
˳ûһĹ򣬰׳ӺȻһһС·ȻС·ľͷһ俴ΪƾɵլԺ
ֻǼʱ䣬ƾɵլԺ߳һҹµӡ
Ȼֻ¶ֻ۾Կ峤࣬жϵĻӦ֮ǰ׳ӡ
ҹµİ׳жѸ࣬ٲ֮ǰֻͬһͨ˰ڽֵϻεޱĿʼӸСشУΧǽһϰֱӷϢȴûκ˵ע⡣
׳ӵж·߷ǳ죬ڸûй˼ǷլԺס·⣬ǰеķϼǳһֱߣûл̫Ĺ׳ӾѾļլ֮⣡
һոͻ߲εүѣڰľˣҽȡУΪ򵥵һ˰ɣ
ļլ෽Χǽϣ￴˿ȷΧûκ˺׳Щпһ䣬һԾֱӴļլ׶ߵĲǽϷ˽ȥ


069 ׽
ҹļլƻͨլԺסųںҹԵޱ
ΪճıرƷļ۸ʵߣڳеӻһͭ嶼ǹ󣬻Խһѹļ۸
ͨ˼˵ĻȻûʲô̫ıҪһҹǱ뵽İУ˻ЩҹŻῪʼĵط⣬ֻߵ涼ᱻҹɡ
վЩ˼ңҹ֮Եý
ֻ˼֮٣ټǶϰľӻһ
гҹж֮õ˼УҵΪ
ġÿһҹĻΧ£¶ų顣
һһңλڳĴĳ
׳ӷļլ֮ں󣬱ûκԥһ·ķլԺȥ
֮䣬ʼ޷䵽ӰУ׳Ӷļҵ˽⣬ϸµ΢ĳ̶ȣ
ļլռ㣬ܼӵǿġڽڳ䱸վϸѵľӣټļҵʵ˾֪ЩǧһֻС֮Ҳܸ̫ܵͷ϶ճķʵĲܡ
׳ӲûкķѶٹ򣬱ѾķլԺ֮⡣
С۲£Ⱛ׳ӱŵ˳լԺԺǽޱѸݵĿլӵݶ
֮ӯγ˼ΪĶԱȡ
ʱķլԺͨҸ˷ԺʱܹһЩٵĽŲ
׳΢΢һЦݶ֮ϣһݷ
һݷʱʱ䣡
ڼ䣬׳ӾƵʶͣ۾Ҳ΢΢ţֻʼŶ䣬ϸԺж
լԺЩ𽥵ȫ̾ϢȥԭͨҲεڱϨ󣬰׳˫ۣ
ʱķլԺļլڵĴ󲿷Ժ䶼ѾϨֻԺ΢⡣
΢һȵ۾ȫӦ˵ǰĺڰ֮󣬰׳ŷլӵݶһԾ£
ڸ߶ȵ⣬صʱ򷢳һ˿ϸ΢׳ûжǽһѸٵķԷĴǰ
ȻǺֵɱ֣ȻԼޱȵţվֻǾƷ߶ѣĲļڵЩ֣ԥѡ񣬵һʱѸԶݡ
֯һȱ֤ȫǰ֮£ȥִ
ҹµڶͳһСУ׳ӴСٳһЩ״Ķϸ־ȵͿĨֽɵĴֽϡ
ֻǼʱȥǱͿĨ˶ĴֽȻͬƾڻһ㣬Ϣʧ
ʱȫ˳
׳˫˳ŴԾԷ֮ڣ
غһѾķĴǰ
һѰ޹ذײ֪ʲôʱ˰׳ӵϣͬʱⰫ׳Ŵȥ
ذ׳Ŵͷǲӵλ̶ֱȥһֻ˳ƳͷǿԴȥ
Էʵ̫԰׳ӿŵ˵ĳ࣬ڰʱķѾˣΪʲô⡣
رһ뵽ԼסǼͷﻹһǧĵŮڵϽȥͨս׳ӵЩ궯ͼ͡
ľִʱΪҪõģҪ֤ĳɹԼİȫǾͱÿһڶ£Ҳȷʵġ
ɽĿֻһոͻ߲εүһڰˡ
ټŮ˺սĹʵζ԰׳ʵ޷ȫȫľ
Ȼˣõİ취ȻǾȻ󾡿ȥϵʱˣٳֱıʡ
׳ôţеذѾϾҪĿĲ
ִĹؼʱ̻ĵk룬ڰ׳˵ʵҲǵһγ״
԰׳ӵЩ
ۣ
ذ˳Ĵ뵽ĿĲУָȴЩԾ
׳΢΢һͷͽ
ϵˣ
ʶľҪɿذ׳ߣɻûӦʱ򣬴ϵıѾֱ𣬳ֶ
׳Ӵ󾪣ܵı㳯ȥθոնûľ룬󱳾ͻȻһֻӡȥ
ûκηĻᣬֻӡϵѾԪ£׳ӻһ˫۶ʱʧȥ˾۽ֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
ͬʱѪӴӴѪջԼƣͬʱŤͷʼԷĿעǰһĻķǷǷ


070 ˽
ѾǺҹļլҲһƬž
ֵҹѪլѲ⣬ļ˶Ѿ뵽֮С
ƬҹķѪ̣ϢĴԼլԺ߳լĵλȥ
֮ǰѪһƴεİ׳ӣʱǱѪӿڼϣһƷߵΪѾȫѪӷϵ
κθŴ֮ڣ˽εĵطڡ
ܰմǬɷ˽εʵֶԺŽƵɷҲûڴǬڱϸִй
ɷֻͳνײͳڵĹߣνɷǰƽԼЩڸŴ󷧽ƵɷݣʵôֻǸһЩο
İߣҲϣĽײܹľȥԵһв
Ĵǰ£ȵǲͨһЩûκʵľٶȥͳ߽ײǱα⡣
ļլȻҲ˽δڣֻ󲿷ֵļ˶Դһ֪
ȻΪ˽ΣôȻܱһױ˷ֵĵطļլڵ˽αǱ峤լӵĵص£鷿һεĻء
Զ࿪¶䱳ŵһһͨİ
ķѪҪȥĵط
һ·ϳһѲҹѪ⣬ûˣ˳˳լ봦峤լԺѪÿլԺĴţ˾ǰŵϹܼҵͬ£ֽլڽѾ˯ġ
˭
լӵĿڣոձѡЩήҵĿѪӼϿŵ׳ӣ㵵ʵ
ϹܼҲһɻı顣
ף˾Ұʱ֮Ҫαװ˵Ŀ꣬Ҳ֮ǰһЩڵҽʦȥҵԺԭǺֵɱ֣ҪһжĺϺŲĻɣܱ֤һʧĽ׽ǰߡ
ķǷǷûκĻش
ԭϵĻȻŵϴͬʱָķһ𾪵ƺҪ˵ЩʲôƫƫڴһƬհ׶֪˵ʲôźá
Ϲܼͬ˲ɴ۾ʼŵҲֱֻͦ۾ֱؿѪӿŵİ׳ӡ
֣ĸ֣
ʶķһ䡣
ףķΧ֮ڣƺûгֹڶְɣ
ķЦ˵
˻
ĺϹܼͬʱ˿
˶һۣϹܼҾ;ֱլӣһ嵽ѪӵǰϸĹ۲ѪӼϵİ׳
ûһĹϹܼ»լڣ첽߻ĵԣڵûѹ֮ǰѪӽŵʱҲȹȥģӦû⡣
ĵ˵ͷŤͷķʵ·ʲô𣿡
ؼĻֻѲҹѪ£ûˡ
ѪǷش
ܲ鷳ȥ°±Ѫ̴ѪѲҹȻ󽫽طԸһ£Ҫκ𡣡
ϹܼʱӦһȻ󼱴Ҵҵ뿪լӡ
ϹܼɫæĹլӵĴźȥת鷿ȥ
ķ˸ں棬Ľ鷿ͨ˽εĻأȻĵĴ£İ
żȫ˽ȥԭ࿪¡ĺ鷿ٴλָİС
б£Ҳʮ׵ľıȼһֻѡ
һܴ󣬵̾ȫ˽γ˼˵ǰ
ѪӺѪ˿ʼԵİ׳һֱʮ֧Ͻ͹̶ſʵ˭Ӷɱģ
Ȼû֤ݣʮа˾λ硣
ķ۾˵
֪кֵҪ㶯֣԰ʱŻžһһʯ񣿡
ķ˵ĿӶɱֺĵƤ£üʵ
ǰɣһֻǺȼ͵ɱ֣ҪĴڲʲôѵ顣֪ڵʲôģоԵİմ顣
ķͷ˵
ķһʮӣȻĵǣȴվûмԼǣֻǵ˵ͷȻ󿪿ڵҪЩʲô𣿡
͵ȫ֪ˣ֮ԴϵĹֻΪ˽⴦˽ζѣϾڳ⣬ûʲô̾ȫĵطˡ
ķЦ˵
ðɣҾȥˣȻҺ֪㾿ЩʲôȻ˵ҲͲˣͺá
̾˿ε˵
תȥķѪԼѪָһ뿪ֱ˽ֻʣ̶ʮθּϵİ׳Ӻķǰһȭ˰׳ӵСϡ
һȭͨԪ𵴵ķʽ׳Ӵӻд˹


071 
ĴѪԼѪ»صլ󣬱ֱӵȼ鷿ڵȻͬѪԼѪϸѯ
֮ǰ֮ԻᰲżЩҽʦȥķνƣȫķһҪĽֻԼĸоķƺЩͼıǸʲô飬ȫ
ȴû뵽ķǻһϲ
ҹģץһֵɱֻ
Ĵһ
¾ôһĻ壬ȫ
ѪԼѪֶĽľܱûʲô仯ȴѾ캧ˡ
ʵû뵽ԼĶӾȻںֵɱҲ˽⣡
˽⵽˼㣬ôƽֵɱֻ׽ǰδŵģ
֪ЩͺйصֵɱֻϱͬĴʣ
ڶԽȡҪΪϸͬʱִ֮ǰ׼ϽܣǺȡİɱ񣬾ʧܵĶëǣɱִĹб׽ˡ
ѪӺѪ˽ͷβĽĲɵ뵽˳ʱĳĬС
ķչֳĶԽԽ࣬Ѿൽ޷ĳ̶ȣܵĸоĳĪĿ־塣
Ϲܼ֮ǰ˵ܶûбҪȥķվĶӣǰǣκĴڶ
˵ķ֮ǰһҹ֮ͻߣ磬ڼ̵ʱڴﵽƷߵĲΣ뻹ǿԽܵķ֮ڵĻô֪ķȻһˮ׼ߵҩʦʱľѾЩƲסԼҪһ̽˼ˡ
ڣķչֳ˶ںɱ˷˼˽⣬ֵһУļҾܸģ
κһˣεţҪĳһɾͣһȥѧϰ
Զ֪֮ܳʥˣôķͨʲôѧЩ
Щ˵ļˡǰǷ׳죬ҲҲȥѧϰĵط
ƫƫޱȵȷķӳֱڵʮʱû뿪ǵķΧ
бȻһЩ벻ͨ飬һп˼״ϵһ
ĵǵǣȷ벻ͨ飬ζźáǻ
أ˼ʱϹܼһصլӵС
ѪԼѪ֣ѪլӴ֮⣬ȻԼͬϹܼҽһ顣
ĵĵǣϹܼҳĬ˰κſڵˣ롭ǵ飬ǶүϱֳġԶЩǵǶүȡЩıҪĴǷܹܵķΧ
û˵ģķҵĶӣԽǿȻԽǸˡұǿԭκεõȻҪӦĸûϵڱ£ôķõЩı󣬾ʲôЩչֳĶŵ˵¶Ѿļܹеļֵȷʵǳĵġ
ûзϣͬϹܼҵ˵Լ뷨ϸһ顣
ˣҾáҪ˵Ŀգкܶ飬kǵıʵǳ򵥣ȴڳֳĽ𺳣ڶγ󵼣ǽĹڸӡҿҸʱ䣬ֱͬүϸ̸һܹڵķգܺùһ˺˼롣
ϹܼǷ˵
ΪĿ˿ϹܼңϹܼɫ糣·ֻĳһȻһ㡣
ĺȻȤЦ˵ܲҶ¿ʼһֱҵչңôһǵһμһ˵Ƴ籸ûǴĻЩı֮ǰҲһԴĿǱȽϱ۵ġҺ֪ΪʲôŹȥôʮʱ䣬̬Ⱦͷ֮ת䣿ΪСЩչֳԶĳ죬û㹻˵
ĵʣϹܼһĬȻ
оֵܣķͨΪֱӿ⣬Ƕûе֪
ģѾƷڵʵĲΣֻǣĶʵ̫ܹܼ࣬ʱûӦȥĽ
ܶʱ֪ˣֻƽպ͸ûκεĺôܹܼһֱڵȴһʵĻᡣ
ʱȻڡ
ĬһᣬϹܼڿ˵ˣڶүĿȻҵɣֻʱ֪Ӧô˵ڶүȷʵ࿴ҵжϡ
ĵüͷҪȫšһ𣬶Ϲܼҿ˺óʱչԳЦˣ˵Ͳ˵ɡǵԽԽ࣬ҸоЩİˡġһСӳˣҾͺú̸̸пǱߣȥһĿӶֵɱһʲСĿģôȻǮϵĲǲ̽ȷд¡
˵ͣ£ϵıЩһż˵ȷд£ͿʼּڼڵĸȨܰһĹԺӰɡ
ǣȥš
ϹܼҴӦһ
Ĳû˵ĿɲֵĻҪôϹܼҲûжʡ
ǲ̣ϹܼǲҪ


072 ˽ֵ
ķվʮ֧ܵĶ棬֧ܵľֻһң΢Цؿű̶֧ܹסİ׳ӡ
׳ӱķһȭ֮󣬳˫۵һ˲¶˾ŵɫ⣬ܿͻָޱ״̬ƽĺķ
Ѿ㻥ĬŶӵʱ䣬ûκһȿ˵һ
ڰ׳֮ǰʧı֣ķǶ֮ԷӵĳĬΪ⡣
վǺ֯ɱ֣º֯ڲɱֵҪûдﵽʮϿ̬ĳ̶ȣܹΪʽԱҲȻŹ֮
ʵϣԼլ˵Ƚɵץס׳ӣķʵЩʧġ
Ϊ׳ɱĹ̵УûչֳһɱӦþ߱
µһɱ־Ȼû˿Ĳ
֮ǰԼ˴ϵѪԼǱڽѪ⣬ǹҵĿϡ
һɱ֣ڵĻ֮£ҲӦöΧĻ㹻պ͸֪ɱֱִԣʵϾ󲿷ֵɱʵ߱ſԲӾֻƾĸ֪ʽ
˵׳ûзѪֻпԭĻôֱö֮ڿϵûз֣ʵЩ˵ȥˡ
ķʵ޷ڵĺ֣ʽԱҪ͵ĳ̶ȡ
ʱɱֶôһʱķƷԼ뷨Ϊϣֱһεĵط֮ڣȴܿԼ׵ƽһˣԷı֣ЩصӰɡ
ĬĬԺһķٱֳĬȿڵ˲ϲȦӣԾ͸ֱ˵ˡ֮԰ηΪ̾ȫȻɱңҵȻܻŷ뿪֮ǰҪ֪һЩ顣
ķĻ׳ûκλӦֻ¶һ˿ɫ
·ûп׳ӵıһ㣬ķԹԵļ˵Ҫ֪Ĵšں֯һλɱֵĹϽǵ簵ǺݹԼ簵ıǳһһرҪҪǡҪ֪طںӰбڵڼϡ
ķ˵꣬׳ԭɫ˲ʧȡ֮βס𾪡
㡭ʲôˣô֪֯ڲЩ飡
׳ʧеҲ޷ֵģ
֪ԶҪö࣬˵Ҷں֯˽⣬ʵҪԶϸֻ漰һЩײĻתݣֶֻЩ߲֪ҪΪҽ󡣡
ķʼ磬Ű׳ǲŵɫ˵Һڲļܹࡢ֣Ϊ죬Ϊأû˼ĿΪƸˣר˾ӪӵеĲҵͬʱṩ֯ҪĳûǺǿɱ֣ĿǰӦáûǴĻӦʮң࡯ר˾鱨ԼһЩضıǿǸרְڵɣڡǺӰĸɱˣһǵǣֱӦ߲һֱʲΣ㣬һʽһɱ֣˵ûɣ
׳Ѿ׵Ŵͣؿķϵı·һ㡣
˵ʲôܣÿһ֯ʽԱʵ˽ġ
ǣνĲܣֻǶں֯ڲԱ˵
κһ˶ں֯￴ܶԺ֯ļܹ֪ϸ
˵ôһүˣȻǵĳڶɽĿҲ֪ڲЩ飡
㡭㡭
׳ӵɴ۾ƺҪ˵Щʲôȴһʱ޷֯ԡ
أҪͼһЩٵĻƭҡҶԺֵ˽ǾԳģȻڵײĶ˽Ĳ࣬ٻܹжϵĳġ
Ű׳Ǿı飬ķ΢Ц˵
գգ۾׳˼ǿסԼı仯»ָƽӡ
˵ǣΪ˽ˣƭˡļҶүٳǽ֪ȴû뵽ֻαװҲǱɱΣε񣬾׵ؾȦס
ûԷ˵£ֻȥԡǻǲҪ˵Щϻˣֱ֪˵ĸҰɣһһʹġ
ķÿɷ˵
Ҳ˵ˣΣ㶼һ뿪ȻΪʲôҪ㣿
׳һķһһ˵ֱ꣬ӱͣڳһٿڵӡ


073 
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ķԴ۾Ű׳ʵ
Ȼǳ˽֣ǾӦ֪Ǻֵɱ֣ẦκνĿ̡η̾߻ȫ˵ЩûκҾµĵطŵĻԡ
׳Ӻǲм˵
ҵȻ֪߲ͨ̾ǲκЧ֯ڲһؼȻƷ׼ͣҲûκεĹȴһǳصĸЧ
˵ķ˶٣׳ӵĺ΢Щ
ķӦķ΢΢һЦ˵һʩչؼʩ߱ǿжϴԺϵܻʹʩʧȥĿƣ뵽ȫ̱ľأͬҲʩ߸ܲκĴκ̷Ȼ£˵ûɣ
׳˳Ĭ֮˻ɤӿڵ֯˽⣬ȻԶҵ󡭡Ϊʲô㶼֪˭Щ֯涨ڲʽԱܽӴЩϢ˭֯
ʣҲش֮˵ЩΪףȻ֪ؼ֪kúЧôȻа취ؼڲЧ̣ʵ𲻵κá
˵ţķѾǰһͬʱһ˰׳ӵϡ
һƵ󣬰׳ֻǾԴһ·һЩԪ˳һƶԼĴ֮С
ҪڳķȴѾǰ
Կɣ֪ô˵ˣҲţԾʵףҲû˵ѡ컨׹ҲվһʵֵĽ˵
һƴ꣬˵ŻĹķ˻Լԭվλá
׳ӵɫЩɣվܵķ֮ǰչֳĶں֯˽Ӱ죬ŰɵʩչǿжϴԺϵؼ
Ȼʩչؼĵһʱ䣬׳ȴ㵵ķ֣Ԫת·߾ȫʹ
Ϊϣڴ󲿷ֵԪɢվԪ棬ȻǱϵޣҲܱͨȵġ
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Ű׳ȻɫķڵȻЧΪ棬ʵתԭθֻкһ׵ƷϾͿԿó֪ǺһײεؼʵֻǶԪðˡԣֻҪ֪Ԫת·ߣôҪֹĻʲô¡
˵ĵɡҲȷʵôмˣǴﵽ۷ǿߣҲ˶һİɣ㡭㾿˭ԲķļҵǸүӵı£ɽһ㣡
׳ӵȻ
˭ҪֻҪһ飬ǰҪ֪ĶҡҪͼҧԾ㹻İգľֹһϵΪˣκʱĶҲÿһȫ顣ȻҲѡԼ̵ҿ㱣֤õһЩ̷ǺֵĲһ㣬Ӧûѡҡ
ķٴ̤ǰһһ˺Ͱ׳ӵľֱŰ׳ӵ˫ۣ΢Ц˵ޣҲ˷ʱ䣬ҪôңȻûʹȥҪôܾһĺ󲻵ĥȻȥ

鷿Ǹٴβ࿪ķһɱĴ˳ʱʱ䲢ûйȥ̫á
ϹܼûлǶһ鷿￴顣
ˣ
࿪ķ˳ı㽫е·ŻϣŤͷķʵ
ǣʵĶѾˣ˻ǴûһЩνԹ̱ԤҪ˳Ѿɱˣȹʱ߶ȸ֮ûʬܵͿˡ
ķ˳˵ţͬʱתİأ»ָԭ״תĵĶ档
Ƿܹңô֯⣬֪Ǻ֯񣬶뷽跨ȥɣżʧܵҲȻǲǿɱǰں˵ļҡʲôǡ
Ŀʵ浹ǲûжķܹƽɱ˲ʲôǡ
ĵʣķ΢΢ü󣬻Ǿʵʵ˵ĻشʳкɱйصİԼصСϸڡں֯˽⣬֯˵֯ڲԱ֮ϵʵ൱ɢͲεһɱֺͶɱ֮ͳϵĶɱ֣ûмͳ֮µһɱֵģҸղʹפǵλ
˼ǡҪΪںֵĳԱ
ķԴ֮˼ľֱӴλվ
ΪʲôԣҶԺֵ˽⣬ټѾؼĻϢαװκ⣬ҲǽǰұֶϵѰ취ǵʵ̫СĿǰֻѡݷ
ķʼ磬Ȼ˵
ľôվķĶ棬ӸµעķһĹȷķԺҧҧȻ㽫Լ֮ǰͬķ˵˳
˵Ŀ΢΢ЩŵضķȴķĻش
ķ΢΢ü˼Ƭ̧̺ͷ˵ףܶȷʵûа취ھ͸һĽͣԺʱˣҿԸЩڡ֪ڵʲôΨһܹ֤ǣģ
ķǶȴ쳣ᶨػشķǷģ˼Ƭ̺󣬻ĵ˵ͷ


074 ǰ
һʱļҽ뵽ΪƽУϻ᲻ǾܵȥͻڸУǽ󲿷ֶڼȨȫȥ
ĿҲٻԾļҵĸ䣬ȥͬÿһļչԼáݡ
ǽԼլԺŲŲĹͬСұһ
ڼ䣬һ飬һ£ԭĿϽΧ֮ڵļҵԱȫɢ𿪣ֱ𽻸˼һЩȥ
һļȻ󲨣˶ڲ²žʲô飬ľ
ϾһֱĶĿζĿõġ
ֻһӣĿ֮䲢ûκεѪԵϵһֱĿļڵıֶԼļˣĿҲûκų뷨
ھôϤ֪ķʼṩĸӡγɵķģҪĿΪεļ̳ˣôпܵɺͷԵҲ̫
˶ûԤϵľȻͻȻľ޷ǣĿûб˿ֻ߲ôסԼլԺѡ˽ܡ
ļԼƵĿʱʺϼЩҵ˵ǰ׳նš
뵽ϻķӦһʱܶ˶ΪľЩĴκھĿʼȨļһԶǬٶˡ
ڱŷֱȥĿЩҵˣƽʱļʵɽ©ˮҲûбֳ̫һȵȫ䲻ࡢû䲻ٵ͡
ɾ·˲źȻ֣ԭЩȫĵĸ
еľ󲿷ڽ˱ĿĲҵ󣬵һʱչֳ˾˵Ĺܺ;Ӫ
ȻƽʱӹΪ֮αװ
ǰǿҵķļ˶ʶĿʼ˼Դӵ峤Щƽӹı󾿾жʵĵط
ļ˵עڵڶûٲˡ
ԭһֱɶ޾忴ܵļΨһһҩʽת޺޵ԺϽп
ÿһļ˶֪ҩĴڣҩļ˾֮ˡ
ټļҴûгֹһҩʦҩļ˵ĿУֻһϵο壬ʵûмĿҩ
ĶҲҪֳֵȥӣҲôɳ顣
ƫƫĳЩ˵Ե飬ʵעص㡣
Ժܶʱڴ¸ҵʱη壬ڴηʱ¸ңͨȷĵ·
ֻ沨ȴеˣεҲֻȻˡ
⣬ļʱͬһ̶ˮƲһ˿ϵƺֻʣĸζûжȻ
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طȻķլԺ
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һǳưܵլԺķҵԼҪĶȻͨʳЩϢĶɱַһ򵥵ѶϢ
֯ӵԼ·ȻҪάֱ鼰ΧӴ·һֵĻԺ֯˵Ҳѡ
ֻ̫ƫƧ䲢ں·ֱӲΧ֮ڣʹÿ²ŻһǺһк֯ݵĳǳء
ɱֵ֪ɱֵϵǹһһΣһκķȻԼαװĳɹĴ
طȻƫƧѲۡ˾˲ĳ̶ȡ
Щķ»صļլֱȥĵլԺͬʱҪѪʱĿȨ
֪ܲķҪЩʲôĻûйԥľͬķҪ
ķ˵ȻǸСĽ
ķѪԼѪ˽еѪȫеԼլԺ
ʱֵ磬յգûκڵԺӾôɹڽ֮£ж·Żζ
ѪԼѪ˱ֱվԺӵ봦Ŀбӡ
Ѫվ˵ȻĶɻȴһԲ£ʮվţĪѹȸС
ѪԼѪֲķҪЩʲôǾʱദ˶ķѾûκεƫ㲻أȴٿʼĽķһȥԴ
Ѫȴû̫뷨ֻ¡
ŶҶȻǷֱ԰һҡΣլµ棬һ߳óҡα߲輸ϵˮһյĿԺôһȺˡ
ķдһֽվҶȻŶԿš
ķ˫վЩѪ̵Ķ棬˶һ󣬺ȻѪ˵ǵ֮ǰĴİɣ


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ķ˵ͷ˵ͬʱѾǰվѪӵĶ棬ȻѪӵϸ
ЩѪȻǵһĶԼݣһʱ˵񶼷һЩ΢ı仯
ķ۹⣬Įж˼ֺ档
ķĶѪԵĺܲϰߣȴûа취ֹһʱվԭأɫͨ죬εؿڵүǸǻ˰ɣ֮ǰҲЩԵӰ죬һЩƫ̬Ȳã⡣µƷʦ¡֪ҩʦԼ֪Լ¶£ⱲӵƷʦĲΡΪ̫˼ġ
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µĸѪӵļǿȣķЦ˵
үҲǸ˼Ȼ˵ˣͿ϶ܹҵ˼ǡֵֵãƷʦҪķѵЩԴѾ˾Ʒʦܹṩļֵôʵ岢󡣶ڼҲһԴϵ˷ѡ
ѪӾ˵Լ뷨
ⲻҪĵ飬οĵĻǶġҲûд˷Ѷٶ֮ǰƵЩҩѾ㹻ˡЩҩģֻǼҩĵһңٷһĻĸͿԺԲơ
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һЩսؼǿԽڵԪԭϣؼǽЩԭɳƷĽʡԪпԵĶԲŻֳǧࡢƷЧͬؼЩؼУս⣬ʵмΪϡٵһ־źսȫ޹صĶعЧ
ķ˵꣬΢΢۾ͺһ˻ļ˲ѪԼѪ˾Ȼ֣ķ徹ͻȻ䰫һ磡
ܿ˾׹ʲôķ䰫ˣķµ°һС飡
ƣһؼĶЧؼǧﵣΨһñʹʩߵؼתڼӣӵĳ̶ȿʩпơʩչǧﵣͬʱһЩѵЧѡ
˵ţķ³һǰһҲָûٽµĵȳݵĺۼ
ҡϵŶҶȻ㶵ؿűķȳ԰ȥĽӡȫķ˴
ҲǺĴеֽϰ˳
еѪͬʱɴ۾ȫǵһ˵ϾȻؼ
Ѫ̵ĸеؼնֻսҹؼþ޵Ԫܹ޶ȵķӳӦþе
ͬķʩչֶûκսϵɼƵؼѪǸ붼û
үղŻ˼⡮ǧﵣ⣬ƺЩؼ
Ѫһıʵ
ȻĹ̾һϴĹ̡ѵֻܹǵøǿͣͬʱҲӵ֮⣬ûʲôĺôҪõȫȻҪؼϣܹȫжеؼѵıǵľԺĿơȴؼѵǶϸ΢ľơ֮ЩؼʹáѵܹﵽЧԶǵ󡣡
ķ˵ͷеѪԼ˵ݺ󶼲¶˷ܵı飬΢΢һЦ˵ͬѵȻܹγɾ޴ȻѵĹҲᳬʹࡣõ͸֮䣬չǳȵġ
үֻҪܹǿ࣬Ƕں
ѪӼᶨ˵
Ѫͬʱͷʾͬ
ľãϣѵУܹļ֪Ƕ֣ΪʲôҪӸҪһҪ¡ҾͽɻҪµʱ䣬ȫƷʦĲΣӵиǿǣǼǿĸ
ķ䣬еѪ̱޷ֵԺʱһƬȻ
Ѫڵһķ˵ʱֳĻһûķܹ˵һ㣡
ڲҪǵɣֻҪǰҵҪȥյĽ֤һСҿʼڸǽѵУҪõؼ
˵꣬ķҲѪ˿εĿ⣬ֱӿʼϸĽЩһ׵ȼؼ
ڽڵĹУŶҶȻҲͲסԼĺĴڰ飬ɫ΢ºͬеֽϸľȻϢվķ
ķһһϸԺ˽ȫһ۾ѧϰ


076 Ѷȵѵ
ķ˵Щֻкһ׵ؼʦ˵ѧϰûκѶȡ
ѪǺҶȻķϸ˽һ󣬾ȫܹˡ
΢һЩȴҲֻķظһѡ
ֻŶǶǣķһ飬Ҳȫû
վޣټҲʵǼΪͨЩؼҲ
һʱ䣬ķѾЩؼȫڸˣͬʱÿһ˶Ϥһ¶Щؼʹá
ʽѵǴӵڶ쿪ʼ
ЩؼʵǺڲѵɱõؼˡкʽԱϰ⣬ؼǱﵽɱϵˮ׼ʸѧϰġ
ȻֻкһףȫΪؼķΧ֮ڣδ˵˭ȥо
ķһֱɺڵЩصؼȫλصġ
һķѾΪ˺ĶʵҲûмλصġһ棬ֻǾ˵λصġڸص
ܰպֶڲԱҪЩؼھԲ⴫ķ룬ķںһ㡣
ڵļңҪǾܵں֡ʵҪȥǵġ
ǵķΧ֮ڣǷǳȫġ
ķҲûд㽫Щ̸̫ˣ׽⣬Ҳ޶Ѫ̵ķΧ֮ڣԺ뿪ǣֻҪ΢עһЩҲʲô⡣
ԭķǴȽѪƷʦ֮ͨѪȥӰѪ̡
ɾЩ˼ķʵоЩ˷ʱɡ
ѪӺѪ̵ѵȫͬʱУ
ѪѵĹжǷ㹻ΣʵҪ
ЩѪ̶ļҳϵսʿֻҪļҼ۶ԴǶԥִС
ȻͨķʽȥѪֱӽҪȻ㲻Ҫٻʱȥ̵档
ȵµʱﵽ˾Ʒʦ֮һеⶼӭж⡣
ΪˣķŻῴ˼ֱӽѪ̵ָȨҪ˹
һϵĵ˵ڶ峿̫ո˵ƽϡðͷķԺѵѾʼ
ԺӴŽգŶҡξͰڷڴſڣҶȻͰҲ뵽ѵеС
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ƶѵҪ˵ѵһң
Ͼһйѵ˶ѵĳ϶Ҫûоܹѵ˴Ķࡣ
Ƕɻ߲εǻЩǣķѵƶӵĲпᡣ
ҿΪΨһӣķլԺռ㹻󣬷ĺͬʱݵôˡ
ҲǴһķԺÿʱÿ̶ʼ쳹˸ָ˻ͽ
ԺͬļϳķΧγĶԱȣ
ķҪÿ֮˱Ҫڡǧﵣʮ½ͬܺԭػȭȵĻѵ
Щƽ㲻ϵĶȴʮصӰ죬˶˾޴š
Ǽ򵥵ӣڹ⡢อٵĹҪһȫķԾ
ڼȵĲӦͷѵ£ķƶѾǱصѵƻһ룬ɲˣ
ѵҵʱ䣬˱ҪķĴ£ͨжеؼȥĿ;ǿȣ
ÿһ˵ⶼǱȡǧﵣ˱ܵѵݣ
ѵĹķƶֻСʱʱ䣬еȫжȴЩ˵һᵽʲôг׵׵ġޡ
һ£ʧȥʧȥӾʧȥζʧȥжȥ֪һ뵽ԵĺڰУǽһĸо
᱾ܵĿ־塢šһɣڳһ̶ϵľ⣡
ڵһνжеѵ֮ҶȻеѪ̱˫۵ĵһʱ䣬£
ַĵƣҪԶʤѵ
˵ȴжеѵչֳ˳һȵĳ
һ㣬ķǲ⡣
жеѵѵͻſʼķ˵жеѵѾһָֻԲҪ˷ѶʱȥϢ
˵˵ƺûʲô⣬ѵʼ˼֮˱㷢֣ƺȫķƭˡ
ΪķѵĿͨؼȵ£ϸµĿȥΪȷĶ
糯ŵ׺ݵһȭӳķҪ뾫׼ͣھ֮һ׵λã
ŸָȭŹܵķҪڴ֮䣡
Ҫ󼴱״̬УѪǺҶȻ޷οؼд֮£
֮ǰܹƵķȶʧأЩķҪġͻϿƲ˵ķȣ
ҪѵעȻҪ߶ȼеģѵ֮ǰжеĥʹÿһ˵ľ״̬ܵ˲̶ͬȵӰ죬ҪѵȻϼѣ
ϸЩѵһһģڶǽзĥ
ǻѵûܹɣ
ƫƫҶȻǰ飬еѪ̣޷ķƶѵƻκɡ
ΪķҲڸһѵ
ѵǿȻԶ֮ϣ
˷˺ݵֻҧȥǣķЩѵЧҲҪԶǺõĶ࣡
ȻӾ˵ѪǺҶȻѾʦķȴֻ߶ѣ
ҳѪԼѪ⣬еѪķȻǸѧӵ
ķүܽѵɵôãǾȻѣ
ǲ̰


077 ʹгɳ
ķվԺ￿żɽԵλϣĻȭͷȻֻڼ򵥵ظȭĶʱ䤱ҲЩ١
ܻӳȭͷƽȣɺԵޡ
Ķ棬ʮѪҶȻͰ飬ʮ˶źķͬĶֻķʮĻȭ˻ӳȭͷ൱
Ѿѵʼĵ죬ķѵԼصıҲһЩǿ͸ġ
ָȻԺٴβͬһѵʱֲӦ
֮ǰЩò׽ϰѵǿһӱĺô˵ﶼЩܴ
ƫƫҪĵȻĸо⣬ǻҪʱ̳ķ䳰ȷ
ûʱķÿ춼һѵͨʵжǽд⣬ͣǽŴݲС
ʱ˿̣ķһޱĲͣȭͷͬʱؿǰеѪ̣ȴ쳣ƽ˵סļլ˺ʹӼǧˣѪȴֻʮˣÿ֧аٷ֮ʮ϶ķʮ˵ϣȥάּճת͸ҵĻ˵ķŰٶϵ֧Ҳֻʮ˵ʮ֮һһʮ˵ľ޶Ͷ룬Ϊ˽ɼֵЩȴּѵʼã治֪ǵװĶЩʲô⡣
˿ǲϧһд۵ȥǣѵǾͲ𣿾ʵ滳ǲǳһԽȫһˣ
ҲҪѵһı׼ϾǼүľţҵı׼ȥȷʵǶǵĲƽҲҵһѵɣأ
⸱ӣǵʲôǻȭĸһĶȭͷҪǴڵ˵ϣȷܹԵɱʲôʱļҿʼлȭˣ
ҪҲҪԼһһֱƲķүƷߵľ綼ʼôãһȺż幩ҲƷʦνӢȻҵһ붼磿⻰˵óȷҸӸɴֱϵ𣿡
ķƽҲ滺ͣȭĶ˿ûӰ쵽еԣȻȴÿһ֡ÿһʶѪЩﲻı֣ݻǻԼѪŨҵķŭ
еѪ̶Ϊ޵Ľǿֱκοֲȴ޶˵衣
ƫƫķ̱ⷬĳȴֻǿĵŭ⣬ȻеĻȫйѵС
ΪķԴεĲѪǶò˵Щκë
ѪǵŭʵķǶԼŭķǵǲûвٸھ⼸ദеѪ̶ķӡ󷴶һ췭ظת䡣
Ϊķѵʼܹõ൱ѵͬʱҲΪЩĽӴУеѪ̶֣ʵķʹеķƺȫͬˡ
˼άʽ˵Ƚϼ򵥣ǺͬЩȷʵǸǿˣĴԡҲԼĶ
Щķ϶úܺá
ƵĳʱＸÿʱÿ̶
һѪѵΪͣߺԺӵÿһ䡣
ѪǷǳĲˬΪķĳʹֻѡĬĬĽܶ޷κĻӦ
ķȷʵñ˶ɫǲʵ
ΨһѪЩǡҲ͹ӰһǶѵǣ󲿷ֵѪʵЩѵ˵ʲôʵʵ塣
ÿ춼ϵѵбĥĽƣڶ컹ûȳ׵ĻظҪٴμЩѵȵƣʹǸûʱȥı仯ϵľǶ𽥵ǿûвκθ
ѵе˵ʮ죬ڷ˵ת䣡
Ϊһ磬˽ǿѵѪԼѪ˱ֱ˵Ƥӵ£ͻƣ
ѪӽΪƷʦѪƷʦĲΣ
ͻȻĽÿһѪȫĿɿڴĽԭأ
ЩѪ̻֮Ƿǳ˽ҲǳϤģǴСһ𳤴һѵһһĳɳĳ̶ȣ˴֮ȫཻĪ档
ѪǺѪԼѪڵǰľѾͣ˶ã»ͣã
ΪˣѪ̲ŻѪԼѪӵͻȻоޱȵ𾪣
Ѫ̿ǾԲܷ飡
Ѫڱ֮ڿʼǵǰڽеѵ
ʱѪҲʲô漣
Ȼÿһ˵츳һЩͬڽʱ䵱УʣѪȫھһƷף
ԺѵĿǰǣ
ķʱ޿̲ڽŵ䳰ȷѪǵĶҲƺôˡ


078 ĳ
ʵķƶѵƻ˵Ƿǳ򵥵ģһк֯ɱֵѵҪѵƻȫԳƵʴȡ
뵽֯ڣʸʹЩؼѵģҲҪﵽĲΡǰЩѪȴֻʦѣѵ׼ĴȽҲ֮ˡ
ÿ翪ʼһֱΪֹĳѵҹʱķᾭһЩѵĿ
֯ѵҹѵݺҪʵҪԶȰӷḻֻҹѵ漰˰ɱǱѵڶʱڸγʲôЧķ˷̫ʱ档
ֻѪϤһ£Ϊպѵ׼
Ȼķ㽫ѪȫѵֳͬԱɱ֣ҪΪһǿޣȻҪԸָսʽһϸ˽⡣
ҳ˰ɱֶ⣬֯ڻѵЩѵķǷǳõġ
ͬڵѪ㣬ÿ˶һڽϾͲѡǸ֡ĸϵģķǷǳͬġ
Ȼ֯һϵѵܹ⣡
ķϣѪսֻǳΪһĴֻ߻ϣѪ𽥵ȫɳΪܹһ
ΪļҵδȻֻǾ֮ڣͬѪԾȥεĸȻԽǿԽã
ͬʱÿƶıȥɵѵƻ⣬ÿһѵĿ˯Ϣ֮ǰķÿ˷һöҩǵһʱ£Ȼ˯ĹȥҩҩЧ
Щҩ֮ǰƵģʦεżѵḺ́ԪãͬʱҲܹѵĹγศɵЧ
ķƷߵľ磬Ԫͨ˲˼ļǿҲܹƳʦЧĵҩ
ŻὫһѪ̵ѵĿ궨ھƷʦĲϣǡǰܹӰ쵽ľ缫ޡ
ļҿһȫĵƳҩǼ侪˵ģҲֻǲպùԺµѵһ㣬ķʵǺ⡣
Ƿһﵽ־磬ĵôҩܹƳҩ뻹Ҫһҡ
ȻܵӰ죬˷ѵһֵҩģҩЧʣͨҩʦ˵Ȼġ
ҩʦеκһǰúķʹõͬҩȥƣôܹõҩķİٷ֮һ޷ﵽ
࣬Ҳ޷ȣ
Ҫҩʦ֪ķҩЧʣһӦΪڿЦ
ֶѪ˵ͬһʹѵУµʱ׾Թ϶ת˲š
һѵɣʮѪеûͻƳΪƷʦĳԱҲɹͻ֮ķ˴ηѵԲĿ꣬ʽ
˻һԺѪ̡ҶȻԼڵȫ̲סĻ
֮󣬴ķԺȻ˲ʹļլķΧ
ǰҶȻ⣬˶Ϊķ˵ĽƷʦľǸɵ롣
֮Ľ죬ÿһѪȴȫѾӵ˾ƷʦΪ
ҶȻȻķ˵СȴҲﵽƷʦĲΣǵͻƳΪʦûмʱ䣬Ѿƿֲ
ڰ飬ͻƳΪƷߣ
ͣľ𾪣
ķŵȻѵ˵࣬µʱķȴֻǴƷͻƳΪƷ߶ѡ
ȣѪԼѪѪǶֻΪķ츳ʵ̫ŵѵЧޡ
ʹЩѪ̶ķͬͬʱ֮ҲȻ
츳֮ѵĻƴ˵ļͿ̿࣬ôνĲѧİܼӣ
ѵ֮ЩŭѵĹŲͣͻƾɢˡ
ֻҶȻ˲ףķڹѹȻ˲ķΪʲôҪôȴҲûжʡ
ķʱϵĴ漣˶ʼϰȫķҪȥ£벻ףҲȥɡ
γ̶ȵ˵ӦΪѵã˼ʱദǳˮɵ顣
үҪΪǰƫԼѵʼ֮ĲΣͬǸ
ĻͣЪһѪͬķ˵һƵļ
˵󣬻ķľһ
Ѫһʱѧķ׷ͬķϹǸֻǸĻȴ廨š
ķ΢ЦվԭأİõѪ̵ǸȵѪվֱӺſڵǵԶûе£ƵķѵԺҲУϣǶܹ۹ŵĳԶһЩҪʼԼⱲֻʦľɡһ˵жĳɾͲжߣļǿҲļҵδǵδ֮ڣաǵļޣ
ķͷһûжǽгǻͼеѪ΢΢ЩӦȴͬʱѪ
ķĳڿȵζ
ǵľһ漣ĵִⳡ漣ķǵĿǿʼΪĳΣ


079 漣
ѪǾ͵ؽɢ֮ǰķޱ֣صͬ˶һ
ݺܼ򵥣Ѫκ飬ܶй¶ֺ
û㹻ǿ֮ǰķǰͺ֯ײ
һΪ֯Ķɱ֣ķʵ̫Ӱе֯жôǿ
ȻѪҲܽѵݺͺϵһҲǺķΪʲôҪϱֵ˽ⲢӰǶķҪȥϸִС
ˣȥúϢɣӵѵȫ˲ٿ࣬ʱɷˡڷ֮󣬻ҪĻصԵĸλУµʱһֱķ϶©ٳǱͿʼڣΪʲôҪҵҪӦôʹˡ
ķ֣˵
ѪǺȻЦȻٴη׷׳ķһתε뿪Ժӡ
ԺӺܿĸǿѵûԺҶȻԼѪ̶ԵΪƣǰɾȣ·֮ǰµĲѵûи̫ĸ
ҵȥҸһˣҪ𣿡
ķҶȻʵ
ˣʵ̫ˣֻɵȥ˯һ˯˯̤ʵѪǶԺϯضߣҲ˼ԼȥϢԼȥɣҪϴ裬ȻúõϢϢ
ҶȻҡҡͷһ˵ŻһߴŹǷƤѾʼ˼ܡ
ѵ׽ԭһֱŵҲиƣ˲䱶
ŶˮϴˣȻôۣͱȥˣֱ˯ɣԺ̫壬һֱԸʹȥӣʵû﷽㡣
ķ˵꣬ȻҶȻıǼ⣬ת뿪Ժӡ
ķѪԼѪȻͬƣ쳣ķȻҪУҲֻǿžϡ
ԺʱֻʣҶȻŶˡ
ŶѾķŵҪСȥƫ׼ϴˮҶȻЩվԭأԺиŷķǼĶ
˵ܵľٶǰķĻֱһ߹ȥˡ
ƫƫķ־ٶʱȻûκʶķӦҲûвٷе⵽ô£
һ̫ˣŵ·Ӧĳٶۡһ
ҶȻĬĬ˵

ķѪ̺Ͱ峤լԺʱȴɨ峤լԺʹӸ֪ĺϹܼ˴ʱլԺУڸղŴҴȥĿĵѪϢĵط
ȻЩ⣬ķҲܹ⣬ǿԼֱԷѵķʽ£ĸܹһֱǿûֱȥҪˣѾǼĺεıˡ
ʱͻȻ֪еѪڶԼլԺ뿪ˣȻҲ޷ټȥ
⵹ҲķӦ
ϧһ·ķûⷽ⣬ǵԼһ˸գ˲ٵԩ·
εĴ峤լԺķֻܴµת˷ֳѪϢȥ
µʱʼնѵ͵ЩѪ̵жɹķʱǷʲô仯
һ·ϿʹǶֵķǳլҲûжڣʱڻƽȡ
Ҳķ˿
ػ֮ķһֱΪĵ⣬̫С񾭹ôʱĻۣڳɹĶɹʱΣ
ʮƷʦټϹܼôһλƷڴڣļҴʱӵеǺͳȣҲֻǿ
ĵֻ֣ҪǵķΧ֮ڣķ㲻κα仯
ܿѪסլԺʱеѪ̾ȻȫۼټԺû˻صԷȥϢ
ȻѪûиԵԺӣǵľסȴҲ൱ģʮȫסͬһĺԺУÿ˶Լʹõķ䡣
ѪǾסլԺ˵ҪķǸࡣ
ôǣʲô𣿡
ŰֱӽԺķ㿴ϹܼҵͬһɵʮѪתƣɵÿʵ
СӣãʵеѪ̶Ժµʱ䣬㵽׶ʲôҪǲܸһĴ𰸣͵żҷźɣ
ķͻȻ˳΢΢ºʱܻؽе
ôʵķ̫Щ
֪µôģһʧȥеѪ̣ļҵĸ涼˼ΪӰ죬ķ˵ĵûõʱѾʼΪʲôҪôɴĴӦķҪˡ
Ҫ֪ķҪѪµָȨ龹ȻǰѪǶĻ˵ҲӦ
˵֪Ļ׼Ϊ½ܻŵ
ķͷ˵
ٸҹŪ飡µʱ֪ҳ˶ѹ̸㾿ʲô
ŭ
ǺðɣѪͷԪҪκα
ķ촽浹ǲЩҪͷǺǸɴ´
ķѪԼѪڣʮѪͬʱӦһʮɾƷʦεԪ˲ɢɲǼԺ䣡
ϵɫʱסϹܼͬɴ۾
ʶŴͣһ͵ĿǰЩѪ̣һʱһƬհף
ʲôЦ
ȫǾƷʦ
ҡû˯𣿣
⡭⡭ôܣ


080 ǻ
⡭ǡô¡
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ûκ壬Ԫĸֲ֪ͨӾȥ׽ģȻܵôˡ
ȻǰеѪ̾Ȼ˾ƷʦһĻʵ޷š
Ƚ϶ԣϹܼҵǺּܿȵ𾪵лָ˹ֻŤͷؿķһۺ󣬾»ָӡ
ǷͱϿһ򶨣Ͳö֪ˡ
Ҿ˵㹻׼ɣŵƫƫǲ
ķʼ磬һ޹ı˵
Ǽٵİɣһ֪ĳܹαװԪֶɵЧɣ
ٴŤͷķֻ⣬Լ޷š
еѪ̶˾Ʒʦʵ̫˼ЩеҪҵһȥ͵ķ
αװߵԪ뷨˵Ĳף´Ҳû˵޿飬Ҳɾ뷨ѪĶΪ˾ƷʦҪпһЩ
Ȼģҵĸ״ˣҪȻΪҰеѪ̶ǸԺµʱΪʲô
ķһޱȿ϶Ļش
Ǵؿ˿ķתͷȥؿ˿ЩѪ̣֮ģ̧ظԼһͣ
ž
˿ĵ񶼱ùŹ
ԼԼһ͵ȴ¶˿ϲɫ
ۣⲻΡⲻΣ⡭ľȻģ漣漣
һܴ̼ȡеɵģķæǰȥԼ׵ļ򣬵ͷף峤ô˷ܣҲעǣ
Щ㵸̲ס˴ֿڵĶʱסȻҲһʱ䷢ѪǹŹֵһʱɫޱΡ
ȿȣǸһûʲôӣµʱҲ˲ٵĿࡢ˲ٵۣٷһ٣ϽԻظԵķȥϢɣ쿪ʼٻָѲӡ
Щؿ˵
ѪǺȻӦŵɢ˷Ŀܻ˸Եӡ
۵˼ޣĺȻѾˣʱڽѣѪŨζᣬֻһʱɵĴϡ
Ժ˲ĵҲǿָݺݵصķһۺû˵ߣȥϸ˵˵⵽ô£
˵꣬ľֱԺȥ
Ϲܼҽ߼ȥķǳûϹܼգգ۾ȻҲһЦĴŰ˸ĵ

峤լԺ鷿Ŀϣһֻʶķǰûκιɵôָ
ϵıΪӡ
ϹܼվĵķĵĶ棬ֻаһԡ
ѪԼѪڸջص峤լԺʱͱķ˻ȥһ˿ȷʵ̫ˣķЩ̲ϵǹζ
֮ǰķѵ˶ۼԺ䵱Уÿﺹ£ȴûʱϴ壬ζȻҲʱƶԽԽŨ
ʱ˵עѵϣ˵ǲûôܵζӰ졣
ɵѵķ˳ԼԺӣȻ俪ʼŵ¿Ա֮¾ʵ޷ˡ
˵Ҳ֣ͬµѵͬûϴûл·ÿĺҲԲ٣ƫƫķͰȴûǹ
ķΨһĽͱ׳Ѫ۶𵽵á
ڵԶ٣ȻĺˮҲͲôζ
ʱѾҹѪǵԺķ˾ֱ鷿˴˻˵飬һ˵һһϵʱ䡣
ҲϹܼҺͰ˽Ȼֱ鷿µġ
Ǹ֮ôĻ˵˭ڽʱһ˶⣬Щֲϵķɢڻнʱʱô֪Ĺȥˡ
˶Ҫ˵Ķ˵֪꣬Ҳ֪˸࣬Ȼľ뵽˼С
ķͬûţ˼ʮƷʦӰ죬ָúôһƣȥȡ󻯵档
ķģı仯ԼܹͨЩ仯Щ󼲽٣
ķͬΧƵĺȴΪһ¡
Ѫ̵ʵҪʱΪܣ⽫ΪҪһƣѵʽҲҪģˣ޶ڵǰķΧ֮ڱáһй¶ȥĻ롣
Ŀ˰һۣȻͬķ˵
Ժǻķ˵ģЩѵʽǺڲеĻܸоԼϵرķĴ̼УƺѾʼľһ㡭
·𲻹Ƕôŵ飬ֻҪǣӣǱ㶼Խܡ
֪ģʵʱȣҪʵӦһЩ׵ķʽȥеģֻܼһЩҪܳŹǰѣʸȥԺ顣
ķ˵ͷ
㶼֪Щʲô
üëһʵ
ֻǴĸоһԼĸо
ķָָԼԴ΢Ц˵
ðɣô˵ϻҪʼֽнˣڿǱߡʱȻһֱֵ㹻ȴʹߵԽԽ㿴ŴɣҺվһҲȻµȥ֡
˵̲ס̾˿
ǣףҾȻȥˣʱҲˣҲϢ
ķӦһĵͷŰ뿪鷿
ֱķͰȥȻɫǺܺõԼϳ˼ţ֮󣬲źȻڵܲ˵ҽΪӣǲˣ
κһ飬ԶԣԴҲֻ˵Сʱ򡭡ȷʵһܺõĺӡ
ܹܼҵƺҲЩп
ǰϧǻġ


081 ˲ͻ
飬һֱûʹ㣬ķؼʲôͣԺ᲻ۣ
ȥ·ϣķȻôһ£ɵúʵ
һУʥһǳصޱͻȻûκףҲǿ߰ɳĹ켣ʮûܹóʹõؼںη
֯ڰĵ飬Ҳܹ֪ʱķΧ£ڰʦȴһŲ֪
Ժ֯鱨⼸ǲܵ顣
ķڰӡΪֱ̣ȥɱʥͽ֮ǰʵķΧڣѾﵽˮ׼
ڰʮ壬ͬʱҲǺڰǿСĴڣľһķؼһֱǿ߷ΧУΪĻ⡣
ҵؼڼҴҹ棬֪¡ģؼƷǺܸߵģԺķչ谭
ǸɴĻش
ķüëһ˵ͷٶʡ
Ҵ˵Ƿǳ˼ġֻķΧȽǿЩ嵱Уհ׵
ԭͲˣ
Ժ֯鱨Χڵǿˣôܵ鲻
һ˼ŵĹѾصķլԺУðȥϢķ˸Ժžӣ֪Ŷ϶Ѿ˯ˣҪٰСѾͷӴϽƺЩʵء
վԭĥ£ķֻεԼǰƫе˿ˮȻϴ˸衣
ƫ¹һɾ·ϣŻԼԷ
Ѿգ㵽ҹе¶ҲĸߣլԺдǳģͨ磬ҲܹˬһЩ
¹˳ŴԷпڡ
ķŹŹǷߵԼĴϣҪѵϵ·ֻȴǺȻ·Ĳϡ
Ϊˣ
ҶȻڴϣıӣ˯쵱С
ϵıޱͣ޷ӣķһμ
¹ӳ֮£žĳķУһʱ䣬ķķ˴
۴κһϸ΢ĵȥ۲ҶȻ޷ҵ˿ȱݺͲĵط
ķȻ
ͬ˲ħһ㣬ķֱ㶵ؿҶȻ󻺻ؿʼԺǲһǿҵġȥҶȻһڵĳ嶯
ҶȻɲţƺڷı仯δƽȵĺżдһ΢ĺʱʵ̫ۣŵ˯֮
΢ĺķĶ˲ֱӽڻһ㡣
촽ҶȻԽԽķܹԼǻڡˡ졣
һʥͽзĹУûţ
ˡˣ
ķѾס˺ʼܹܵҶȻıϢ촽ҶȻ۵һʱķȴٴνӲ£
Լǿ־ӲĽ˻վڴرϣٵش˼ڴŴϵҶȻ˯Сķϸһȿ޻ѿЦݣЦ̾˿תȥ
һֱ´ֹķҲ뿪ԷϵҶȻŷ˸ƽŵƼ˯ȥ
Ȼ˫۲ûȴһĨĵ΢Ц
һҹ޻
ڶ磬ķԼ鷿˫ۡ
һϵʱô鷿˲ˡ
ʵլԺĿշֻܶ࣬Щ䳣˾סȻÿ춼бɨǳĸɾȴվ˼ķҲԸȥסЩӡ
£鷿Ҳһ
ʱȷʵоޱȵƣµѵķѵǱ˵һͬʱŬѹۼ֮£ʵǷǳŵġ
Խ쳣ƣȥķؼЧҲԽá
ֻȻ˶ܹȫŰһҪȴʵ̫̫١
˯ߵʱȥѾķıܣҲ޷ƣ״̬£Ȼ
ȻּջҲǾ޴ģ
ͨÿһ϶ڷ˲һͻƣ
ѾûиʲôϵĽָҲٴ˷Ӧ
ԭ֮ǰµʱķڷ˲ʼֻԪתӡ
ȻܹܵԼԪתӶûʲôϵı仯
ɾϣһԪһתһ˸󣬷˲ĵһ׶ڴﵽԲľ磡
ָҲķ˷˲һ׶ε֮ṩ׶εݣ
ķǰȻӾ˵ֻƷߣԪȥжϵĻķһľ飬ʵѾﵽ˾Ʒߵ۷Σ
µǰڻδʵļؼһ̶ӰսսĻͨİƷҲԲĶ֣
ֵķʽȥаɱȻʦҲһİգ
һҫ£ķʼоָ˵һ׶εԲṩĺݡ


082 ҶȻ̬ȵı仯
ػ֮˵һ˲ʱķɹ˲Ʒ׵жߡ
֮ǰʱڷ˲˽ʼޣһֱֻǻɣ޷óһ׼ȷĽۡ
ɵָҹｫ˲ĺṩ֮ķ԰ٷ֮ٵȷ˲ƷףԳ˺ļޣ
Ϊһź֯ȻﵽĲκķҲƷ׸ߴŽ׵ķؼ
ȻκһȥȻķΧȷѪĶؼصݺͽָṩķ˲ĺݱֱ֮
ϧǣķںϲûʲôĸȻ޷жϳ˲ʲôƷס
Ψһ֪ǣ˲϶Ʒĺö
ĬĬϸĻһָṩĺݣȷԼѾ֮εļԺкķŴվˬ˸ԼļҵδԽʮ㡣
սָṩ˲˵һ׶ε󣬱ǴĻ
ҪģͨԪϵȥڵʮȻչ涨˳һһȥӯܹһ˸Ѩ
ֱһѨȫͨԪ˲гɣϢ
Ȼһճ־õĴ󹤳̡
ڽָĸûκƿҪҲ㹻ʱȥۡ
ķһʱ
Щյģǹöָ⡣
ػ֮öӦôڵĽָȴɴϣķòɣԼܹ֮ػǲҲöָС
ټܹӦԼָṩ˷˲ķؼ
öָķʵԽ
ƫƫķôԣͨͷҲȫʧܣֻܱȴͽܵĸоķܲȴı״
鷿ʱʱ磬ķкܶҪȥԲûдլ͡
ֻǸո׼ȥլӵĴţȴúʹԷ߳ҶȻ˸
ķ˲Щûаס飬һʱεվԭء
Ҫȥģ
ҶȻʵ˯ۣķǳſߵһͣµĶʵ
˯ĺ㣬µʱ˯̤ʵһϡ
ǰĻֱԼķԷܹ˯ô𡭡
ЩҪ죬Եóȥһˡ
ķɫȵؿڵ
ôߣܼ𣿡
ҶȻ˿ɫʵ
ͦİɡҪȽ϶࣬Ҫһһȥ
ķЩϰߺҶȻ֮ĽʽټΪ鵼Ϊ飬ԾҶȻĿⶼЩ
ðɣǾͿȥɣԵ㶫Щˡ˻˯Ҫû˯ľȫ
ҶȻ˵ͷ˵Żͬʱ˸
ȵԵʣҶȻֻһĶ°ڱֱӽҶȻİ©˳
һ˿׸ϸӳķ̲ס˿
ʲô
ҶȻôʱֵˣ
㲻żҪ𣿻ʲô
·ûע⵽ķһ㣬ҶȻͬʱ˵
ķŻعæӦһȻתĶӡ
ķܳլӡŶ˹صǱӣҶȻ̲ס͡һЦ
һżͦɰû뵽Ҳ㺦ߵʱ򡣡
һ䣬ҶȻֻá
Ժܳķһ·ûκֱͣӳļլ
ҶȻķֲû̫ãʵǻҪҪȥ˼
ͬԼ׵Ľķȷ̵棬Ѿ˿ԿʼԳϻĿֵʱ
ֻҪһȥ֣ʱûһ뷨
ټϴʱҲӦ֮ǰֵɱֺ͹ɱֽйӣȻҪȥģܳκ
ķľ飬һú֯ǳ⣬ôǿĶɱֱȻǰ
ֵ
ҲΪҪȥֵ⣬ķûдκ˸Լ
˳լǰһЩС·˼䣬֮ܿлĦȺȻ㰴ɱ֮ǰĵַڵĺ־ݵȥ
Ϊ˱ķѡȡ·ߣǿĿĵڽֵй䣬Ÿֵ·ش壬ȴʼڲͣĽӽյĿĵء
ʱ磬ѾС
ũǻǸſźĵһʱ˳ǣʱ߲˹ϹʣĳھҲǰС
ͬʱΪһεĳ㣬Ǹÿվμڳھеᣬ첻ʱ͵ʰװӼãȻʹŵĿʱļ硣
ؼһ𣬶ʹǵİ죬ûĸ
ķڸֵشеʱߵȴǺȻһϤӰ


083 ķ
Դ֮ǰլŮӣ
ҲѪָŮӡ
ʱķոתƵһ·ϣֵ࣬ŮǾķԶ·ľͷһլ˳
ǶŮӵӡľϣķҲһ۾ϳԷ
ŮӴլ߳󣬾ֱ·ͷһ·ȥ·Զν㣬ֻһתŮӾʧķߵС
ûй˼ķҪȥ־ݵ뷨˲ӿٶȣͬһмǰŮ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ƻûб仯죬˵ľǰ״
ķĶǳӿʼձϣƫƫٶȼ죬ȺشеĹУûкκһ˷ײ
Ҫһ㣬ɷǳѣڲмߵҪͬʱҲ߱ǿԤԼӦ
ЩһɱȻǱ߱Ļʡ
ûöõʱ䣬ķѾŮʮ׵ľϣķԵʣҲͻľ൱ȫ
ֻǲ֪ŮϰʹȻǰʲôǰеĹʼڰһԻԼߵ·䵴š
Ȼ˦пܴڵĸߵķʽķ˵ûκôҲķΪʲôѪֻŮˡ
ûܹصѵҪʼոסŮ˻治Ǽ׵飬ŮϰһЩ˵°ɣ
뵽ķѾһѪǵǿѵһĴ㣬ն಻ѹЩкôġ
Ů˵߹ķſŮͣ˽Ųһҿջ֮С
̧ͷ˿ջϷŵġ֣ķɵ¶һĵЦݡ
Ϊ竣ķȻҿջ˵ľʲô
ʵϣκЩطϲȥġ
һǡ¥һǰġ
ǰߵķãζ˴רעķͬڵʱķλʵǲಮ١
ôػⶼѾȥµʱˣһֱרעʵûȥ¥ͷءκα仯ҪһĹ̲Ż᲻ע⣬⼸óȥ¥¶С
ĥ£ķ롣
ȻѾţģȻûʱ򣬾һ¥Ҳź;ƹͬɡվʳά֣ټҲû˻ϾܳԴȣԵ塣
һСбƹĹ̨ǰƹһûһţ⣬һ¥ˡ
ףⲻĶ𣿶û˰
ƹȻһʱע⵽ŵķ΢ºʱ϶ЦݵĴӹ̨˳
ҵǼֺŷǰһķǮҪٲĻȫǸ׬ȥˡ
ķ˸ۣð
⻰˵ãǿÿ춼ɨĸɸɾģûΪʱû͵ġ
ƹѾߵķĽǰֺɫ˵
ҲҺŪүˣȥʵ̫磬ҵȥϵҶɡ
ķ˻֣ͬʱ˸ǷЩͷ˵
ɣ㣬ȥ
ƹĹҪȴ·
ˣֲǲ֪ҷʲôطԼȥˡˡ
ķҡҡͷͻȻʲôƵģִӶͳһӣֱӸƹͬʱ˵ҽ֮Գô磬Ǽͷӵ˼ͷȴ֪ûҪȥ£⡮֮ҪǼһʶҵСͿŵ㣬סҽûйҪü֪үҽ⡭ٺ٣үҾͰƤ
ƹĽӹӣķ˵Ļ̲סһ£ȻæЦүģ֤ͱ¦ӡ
ˣæɣԸȥˡ
ķ˵ͷٺƹĶ˵תʰϣֺŷڵ¥ȥ
ƹǹȵķ˶¥ٿŽеӸ˵СЦһ䣺ȥ㣬ϻʳҪ˵۵ЩүҲĶٴ󷽡ղŶٶ˵ʲô㶼˰ɣ
أƹ𣿡
С̵Ľӹӣ˵
ƹĻ˻֣ŵСһ̵ܳȥ»ԼĹ̨Ŀ
ķ˵ǣûκλɵĵطΪʱķҲ顣
˵ķһ·¥Ȼ㱳˫ֳԼ궩µֺŷεȥһ¥ƹ˵ʱעʵʼǷ֮ǰŮӵϡ
̨׶ľƣ֨֨죬ȻȴѾ㹻ķжϳŮӵ˼¥
Ȼ¥һȦķһֺŷ⣬
Ůӵӡ󲢲̫վܹģķȤǣⷿŮӵ⣬һ˵Ļ
˵ҲޱȵϤ
޺ޣϡôܵŮ˼棿


084 
΢ĥ£ķߵⷿĸڣڸڷϸ£ȷڵķʱû˵ģĿ˷Ȼ˽ȥ
ԪĿƴ飬ʵһЩǧŸֵֶΣķҲʲô¡
˷䣬Źķֱӽǽϡ
һǽ֮˵ķʽԷĸǽķǳʵѴ͸ܸķ͵һ鷳ȴҲͬøڷ޺޺ŮӵĽ̸ûпȥѹ
ϣ常Ǳ߷ǳеҪõĴ𸴡ԥȥΪ۶ңǶʲô¡
Ů˵ôش
ķ΢΢һΪʲôŮˣ
һУҴӦԼŮˣֻŮ˵ʱӦǱֵķǳ͵Բûиʲô̵̫ӡ
عѵһҪõҩҺʹ϶ѾȷĶԹ㹻⣬ǱߣҲȫͬǵԸǵһжֻҪܹõļҵƿȨԸóٷ֮ʮʼΪѾǳгˡΪһˣͽ׵ĳԽļңΪǵһ壡ӦǹϰΪɡ
޺޵͸ǽڴȽϵͳԵǱŮ˵Ķࡣ
ϣǶԶչֵô򵥣ҲǱȵ̶ȡʵϣڣ常Ǳ߶ǷҪ֧ȥļҼ֮λǡΪһʧܣôҽҪɵʧҲǼΪ޴ġĻرȷʵгģֳʵܲá
Ů˵˶٣Ž˵ڵľûҶṩ֧֣ôΨһĽĵĲ𽥵ʧȥһСǵ֧֣һȡóɹôöļҵĿȨǶ˵ٷ֮ʮһǳʵĽ
ǵǵǰӵеĶȡǾԵ֧֡ԵģҶǵ֧ȴûеõһıϣʧˣǾʲôòϣҾӦÿĺõʲôרעʧȥʲô֮Ľ
عһ˵ĲԡǷܹɹ常ѡǽֻ֧֡ҪļҵʵôûдеõʵϵĺôҲǿԽܵġԲҪֻͼҡңȻˣûкͿ
ǽǱߴ޺޷ǳȻ޺޶Ůӵ˵Ƿǳ
˵ûֵ֧ıҲǷ̶ֳȵġȡǷܹóĺôϾֻ֧Ƿļҡļҵ֧ȥȡļҼλãȫͬĸ
ŮӵдӲȻʼռűõҩߡ
ķԴЩɻҿ϶ǲҩʵֵģǡɽķΧڣ⣬óҩıĿ
ҩʦҩƷ׵жϣһǳӵḶ́˵ҩʦϵ˲ܶȻҩʦܶҲǶǵ״̬С
ȻӦǲҩֵģôΪʲôһҩִֵţ
ķ˼ţڷٴδ޺޵
عԴǰһֱĻǣҡһҪҩҲǲԡһҪһΣԴȴûüȥ£׵ģҪɡ
ķʱһĿı飬ôҲû뵽޺޾ȻһҪ
ǱΪعŮȻҪķķӦСöֻ࣬ǳĬһķڷ䴫Ůͬ
û⣬ھͿ㣬ҩ²ϡ
ŮӵĻشǸɴ࣬һʱķľͽȻӡ
ŮˡСΪĿĲֶεƢһôûע⵽ڻôһ
ҩھҵԺøǡ
޺޿˵
򵥣ļķ飬Ǳȥֱӳҹɫҩ͵ߣӦϵ£²ѡ
֮ǰΪѪǶķԺﲻ֪ڸЩʲôûѪ֧ţȻ顣Ѫֶ˳ӽ翪ʼķͻָҪ˵һ㣬ס
ǳϻõһѪ̵ĲͼѲ·ͼӦûʲôѵİɣ

޺ٴ˳Ĭ֮¶˾һ˵ðɣ磬һṩһҪĶȻôδҹζ࣬ϣǾжɡ
ϹȻˬˣȻˣ̣ǾͲҪʱˡ
ŮӵһȥķĶһϤϤȥ죬źܿ˴صĴϢԼĽ֯
ķվֱӣȻϢ˳䣬ºƵĳ¥ȥ


085 ż
һ¥˵˸ɴµƹָƹһӺķֱˡ
Ůһջ񣬲͵ЩȴԲ˷ѣҪҵһЩԼȥõôĻᡣ
ȻҶҩȤŨ͸ҩҵС
ԷҪϽҩߡʱϣȫһЩ£
ڳϻļԼĿںҽнӴ飬ķ֪ġ
һֱϣĺ˵˺ܶⷽ顣
Ѫټһ㳤µķѵȻļҵķǰδеĿ飬ͬҲᣬһЩյ
ƽӹһЩ״ʱѡԹȴѰĻᣬɾˡ
ųϻ᷽濪ʼϵľѪȻ䱻ʩѹڱֵޱǿӲͬʱڰпʼԼķµĲ
ֲ㣬ȻŲصĲ𣬶ıֲ𣬶η޺޵ľٶɹĽ˰еļأ
ͨصصˣ쵽Ŀϡ
˵η޺ԼĿ˶Ϊı仯ΪĶǵΪһ֪ʵǵΪȫûѳĵ۾
һҲķĸ׷ǳһУڼЩеעŮ˵ϣû뵽Լĸ׾Ȼһǻ۵ˡ
һţķѾתһưܵլԺ⣬ȷ˺ӺӯԾ𣬴ԺӵΧǽ˽ȥ
Ȼɱ˵ĲϸķƾԼԺּ˵˽⣬ȻɵıưܵլԺҵ˰ţһ֯רõİҡ
ŵʮײͬҹ£ԼִаɱʱпܻõС⡣
ϸļһȷһ֯ͨľݵ㣬ûκζĶණķҲü˷ʱ䣬ɱ˵İת¹˰ţȻլӵ鷿һðдţưլӵǰǽϿһô۵ķš
ɱֱʣԺ֯ɱͬά·Ա֮ǲģȫߵϵҲΪķαװṩ˱ֻҪһ˳ɣǱ뷨ȫɹڲκεĺ֮ǡ
ЩķʩʩȻ˳լӵС·
ԭϵԤ룬ڴ˺֯ݵҪȥĿתתƣλӦúܲùϱȻȽѹ֡
״̬ȥװɵĴ̼̼ԷܴλȡõϢ
żŮӣ͵˹ҩķ͸ı뷨Ȼ޺˾ôӦúܿͻͬηԼĿȥ˵
ʱȥĿпǰݾߣǽӰ쵽Է˲ɣڸıжʱ䣬ǲ
Ȼĸʲķȴվǲðա
ʱ飬ĿĿѾһתɣ
ķô⣿
ķ·һʱЩãȻվ·мʱһ
ķŤͷͷڽƿ˽̽ͷ
ӵԱߣҲ֮ͣ£ͬһƿ˸ԵĽ
ӡ
ķûʲôӡ󣬲ԼӦǼģֻǼԶԼѾĺģˡ
ףôɰû뵽ģ֣ܳȻС㣬СҪȥİ
ûй࿼ǣķЦͬ˸кʵ
֣㣿
ЩȻؿ˿ķһƬտģ
Ľͣ£Χ˱ѾԶÿ򣬳ĽӶרŵĻ£ǵͨǿǲڳĽΧͣ
ķҲȻ
ļҶү֣ӣȻӶⲻķ񰡡
ǳ˵
С⻰˵ģʲôϲųӵƵġôңʵ֮
ķǲ˼˵
ӵܣѵ㲻𣡻㺦߸ʲôôͳ˿ˣ
ķķӦ̲סֱۣ治ͣغţƫƫҪעԼڲĺ
ļҽ̺ϣȻСͱһεĳΪ飬һֱǹµĻ³ԸҺͰڹڳ£ܹסΪСе̬
ֻ̬ҪĴۣǳĲˬ
С㣬ϾҪ˺ͳ´ѧʿԼõʱˣǻ߰ɣΪôܼӶٵڴѧʿͲÿˡ
һӺȻ˵˵ͬʱķƳһǳм
ĹĵĶķһӵĻԺʱһɵĿķЦĶ٣йҲ£һȥ´ѧʿĸɺã


086 ѧʿ
һ˵ı飬ķܲµڴʲô⣬ԭļƻѾˣһ˵Ҳûʲô˵ġ
Ҽ˿еλ´ѧʿǬĽΧڿǸ൱˲ˣҪܽύһ£ԺӦûвСİ
뵽ķ㲻ÿɷĵ˵ͷڵȻǶСķȻҪӡ
ǾãԶĽӱȽϴҲӵҪʱ䣬ĶĽɡ
ķûκԥĴӦʱãֱӿڰŵ
ƺΪԶǷǱĵƳķһ۵ӡ
һķĽӣԭ㿡ʵʱȻǲԸȴƫƫİŶֻܾܾŤͷ޺޵صķϣķܹʶһ㣬ȥܾ
룬ķǷ·ûпɫһ㣬ЦеĳлȻ󿴶ûпһֱۣǰֱĽӵС
Ŵ˿ֱһƨԼķԶЩûѱӸˡ
ˣ߰ɣ˶ŵ㲽ӣҪʱ䣬ó´ѧʿǲʱǻȥ͵Űҷɡ
⴫Ӿ¿ʼ
ηǵĲԼӿɵĺʹýһʱ䲢ôȵҡε൱
վֻ˽Σʳ̶ȺͰȳ̶ϣ϶޷Ͱ˽ȵġ
ԶķڽﾡԶ֮ȴûκνԶǴͷŶڳһļƣȻķޱȵƲϡ
ķȻҲȥӷ˵ĳƺϣǻ˾˭
Զǳ֮ӣųǵһӣһһȴƫƫߵ
ͬʱҲڶ׷֮һ
һУǿķУΪһķͬŨġռе뷨
Ȼڵķ˵ʱ뷨ʵǿЦ
ǳؿǹٷĶλڳ֮£ȫ渺е˾ֻһĹ٣ڵȨƻĴġ
ĳЩ£ȻңҲԸȥλشˡ
Ҳ㵼Զͬ۸ڶټľ߲ǳŵڣС޶ôۣķ֡ǵӵˡ
֮һǳˡ
ķһͬԼڶԴԶĿϣΪһ¡
Զ֣֪ζСȥ´ѧʿĸϣΪ£
ԶʼնŽĽֵһ·ͬһﶼĪģķȻ˵ҪӵȤ
ߣѧʿٹÿ¾ͻԼĸϰһβᣬڳſڲĻѣ´¡ѧļһ֪鵹Ҳ
Զһڽ˵
Ŷô˵ԶǾμֲˣ
ķҲЦǺǵʵ
ȻԴӴѧʿǰڳ֮ٹϼңΪܹ෢һЩ˽ܣ뵽˾ٰᡢĻķʽϽһΣѾǵڰ˴ο졣˲ţΨһ˴ξμӵˡ
Զ˵Լĵ£ϲı¶԰ɫ
˲ӡ
ķЩԵĵ˵ͷȷʵνĲȫ޸ԸûԶҫʲô
ķӦȻԶܲ⣬һмؿķ˵˵Щֱڶţ١ȫŮ˵İܼȻǲ׵ġô˵ɣ֮ǰߴβᣬĴζǱͬһ˰ͷڲϼѹȺۣ´ѧʿ˽ֱӽټ˾Уʡȥʮƾٿ๤ֱóеϴǶӡ󣬶ԺڳеΣôԹġ
˵Զ¶Ľ̬΢º󣬾±һԵõıȡָָԼڼ˵ߺұβвŻˣĿǰѾڲжֻҪܹεͷô´ѧʿһὫҲټ뾩У
ԭˣô˵ȻǺء
ԶԴޣķҲ˸ɡ
ǵЩ˵ȷʵһԵֵջܹͨ´ѧʿľټʡȥƾٵ鷳ֱӽ뾩УǵЩһ죡
ԶһȻģķȻʼչſʲôݵЦݣȴѾ뷨
ȻֻһżȻβһ˵ĻЩô
õģҲܶĶԶǣ
Լ˷ŭҲһȤ


087 
Ӻܿ˳´ѧʿĸ⣬Žأ˴ӽǰôš
źܿ򿪣һʹڶȻЦǺǵĸһ񣬽ű㾶ֱ˳Ÿȥ
Ȼʶ˵ģֻķ϶ͣһЩʱ䣬ȴûпѯʵ˼
˶͵ǿֻź˵ЩлһʱҲûȥķ
ķȻֵУƵĸ˼˵
ó;ܴķǳأҲ·ֻͨũһ㣬Ȼͳ´ѧʿĹϵΪС
˵Ƣܶ˵Ŀ
Ȼ˵һ޵£۷վ綥һȺ׷Ķ
ķΧ˵վ伫޵ģǴﵽ۷Ȼڸǿ˾ȴɲǾӵĶ֡
糱ˮѵصľӣȻҲ޷濹⣬ʼԹҵʽڡ
Ϊǿߣ֮ҲһӴҽ㹻ΪеĹлȥվǾȺĶκ΢ĩڻ֦ĹʶԼĪ֮
ںԽ࣬ȻҪǵҲԽࡣ
οκһܹΧվȽŸĹңȻӵЧڹұǿߣ
ȻҵĴʽռͬʱռȻЩ޷ͨˣôȻͱҪӦĳԹȥ
ȻܰֻĲιبŲĵ
´ǬڵĵλΪΣʮУ߹ǰս֮أĳҲɼΪĿء
Ǭʵλʮ࣬ǳڴΣȻһֻʼεİѿžȨһֶֻϵĶȴȥ棬ҲʹĳڴǬڵĵλ佫¡
ܴǬĽΧڣÿһǳصĳձȨޣҲһǳϵͳߡ
ɰմǬʵһֱҪ󣬷漰飬϶ǱԳصΪ׼ġ
ҲΪʲôԶڼķʱ򣬲ûжη֮ģĽ䳰ȷԭ
ǿ󣬶ڹٷʵȨ˵Ҳվֻ
´ѧʿݾһڴǬռžذλĳ
һ֮ͨң״ӱǿǣʱ㱡в飬ʮʱɽʮƾˣŻܵʱƾʶһ·ֱϡ
ʮ꣬ɻʼݱ»ʵǻ俰Ʋ׳һҲ֮չ
֮󳤴ʮΪУѲȴּıԣôǬʵ۶ϲΰ룬Ϊʮ׸
ͬʱԸҲóݽʶ˲־֮ͬʮΪƵˡ
ʮȥܶ൱Ѿλ˳˼磬ڳױȵľ޴Ӱ
ҲƫƧĳǳ߳ȥġĳ˵ǵĽΪ
ǵĳΪǿߵԳݵʱҲҪڳ¸˵СҲȻˡ
͵Ĵ£һ˺ܿǰ뵽˴ѧʿĺԺ
丮ۡռ󣬵ʤڻģǷϳݶھӼҵá
ԭڳݸϻʱ򣬵ǬʵǴԸһլ֮õģΪͳΪʮԴǬĹףլӵҪ󣬶Ǳȼơ
Ǭʵ۵뷨ȴûʵ֡
Ϊݺǲʱ˵ĵ棬ӲŰѴǬʵ۵ͷܾˡ
ʮദ֮ȻǼΪ˽⣬ԶڳݵľܾǬʵ۳ŭ֮⵹ûʲô뷨ųݼ֣Ҳȥˡ
ݴʱסլӣڻصǺǳ͡
ݵ̹Ȼ֮
һ·ķȴûڴѧʿٿ֮κһˣլȻռһ㣬ǰͺԺ˵ҲиǧƽСӣһ·ϴͨģɨҲǸɾ
ûʹӵĻѵλѧʿÿԴɨ
ķأŵʱ򣬵ȴ·Ѿ쵽˵ط
һ꿴ҪʮֲܻĴ£ڷʮŰмڰǰϯضͬʱޱȳݵĿ⣬Űǰվŵһߡ
һ˵ͻȻ֣˵Ŀ׷ͶܿЩĿȫˣȻ۽ķϡ


088 ڿӸϣ
ѧʿ
ߵĿ⿴˹˸æ
ֻķûκζվԭأĴ
ߵĿ⣬Ҳͬû˵Ϲͣ˵˾󣬱Ҳؿķ
ѧʿķļҵĶүǽ·ǡڽϺż˵Ҫ飬Ķ˵ҲĽһҪǹݼݼֲֻôһˡ
ߴķæ˵
仰Ĺ򣬾ͰеȫƵķͷϡ
ƫƫ˵źǿԣķܵȥĻôƱػһֶԳݼصĸоķ˵ʵҲʱŭȻһ
˵֮ѾƫͷķſķЦ
Ȼû뵽ǣķǸûз˵˳˵ǣųݹһǳϿҵ˵ѧʿ£ǵĽķȻӣȴҲԴѧʿĽվã˲ŻСһ𣬲ѧʿ¡
ķʱסȫû뵽ķȻֱӳ˵ǡ
ĶٵĴϷҲѾãн࣬Ȼˣ°ɡ
ݲÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ȻΪ䵭̬˵ȴûжΪķķκƫ
ķڳݵĸй˲˼ȡ
ѧʿ⣡
ǰϯضļȻվһΪӡ
һѾϴ÷ףżȻҾ
Ŷк˵޷
ݿһۣ˵
ѧʿٰĿģΪѰпܱû˲ţΪ˸´ѡܣһֱĹģںСķΧ֮ڣֻвŻ˷ܹܵǰμӡŵ˵ȻĲĿǰΪֹŽٰʱ䣬еĶѾῴĿеʥء
Ϊվֱ˵
ϯضӵĻĵ˵ͷȻͬӵ˵
ΪķܲμӲᣡֻڲҲûʸһӵܣѧİܼμӲᣬǶԲ᱾£ҲǶЩμӲʿӵ裡
ӻһתȻŤͷָķ˵
ӳʵתƵԱⷬ˵Եúоݡ
һʱֻ֪ҪķôȻ¶ˡ
ôӦ
ƢҪֱӵ˰ɣʱѧʿŭȻȥͲסĺʹѧʿҲӿɾʹˣ
뻹ǽһʱ両˷ܵɫ
ӵĻ£˵Ŀٴȫеķϡ
ҲֻһȤı鿴ţȻǺķķӦ
λ̨γƺ
һӳ˽㣬ұָյķȴ֮ûеףЦеģ
ҽһ麮ʿӶѣҲû
Ų˵
֣м㲻׵ĵطΪҽ󡣡
ߡ
һߣ·ķ˵ѾǸķһ㡣
Ǻ죿
Ȼǳ´ѧʿ죡
ôڲμӵԱʲôҪ󣿱Ҫй֮ģ
ߣٰĿģΪѰЩȻʵϣȴŲĶˣôܻʲôҪ󣡡
ŶȻ˵Ļҿɾ벻ͨˣֽҡ
˵ķǷǷʼչЦݣҲǼΪºͣػɻʵȻǴѧʿ죬ִûй涨κβμӵı׼һԴѧʿΪ׼ôѧʿ˵н࣬ǸѧİܼӣֻҪѧѧʿҲԸ㲦ʯģʲôʸɴѧʿľأ˵ΪҪμӲᣬͱ뾭У
һڣٴ˵Ҳ΢΢ס
ķ֮ȫǣʵû뵽˵Ļ
ҡҵȻɴѧʿľ㲻ҪſڴƻƵңֻǳںⲻѧļһΪ飡
΢ºӶʱɫ΢΢Ǻļ˵
ԭҲ˵ԴѧʿޱȾصģֻǵϲͬһңúôһʵǶô
ķһȻıʵ
ûֻύӣͬżڳںаԵΪˣһ򾴶Զ֮
ķ˵ĻƺǻصϣӰ˿¹˰Ȼı顣


089 ڿӸ£
ֻ˵ĻǾͼˡ
ķЦݣ˫΢΢˵֣ȻԴѧʿޱȾأôȻԴѧʿľʲôҷҲ˵ˣ㲢ɴѧʿľ룬ڴѧʿн˵϶Ҳͬġ
ķ˵ȻЩԾȴʶĵ˵ͷ
ܺãѾһϴ˹ʶǽĹؼͬѧʿľֻͬΪ飬ҷǳĽѧʿʵҪڴѧʿһѧʿҵôΨһİ취ǡ뿪μӲ᲻Ϳˣ
ķ۾Ȼ˵
ʱɵۣҲȻؿķһʱЩת
ڳķô˵ô仰Ĺ򣬾ƳҪ뿪ˣ
ʲô
˵˵Ҫ뿪Ҳķ뿪ǴѧʿǰμӲģʲôʸö뿪
ϯضļٴվһӳķŭ
ɲҰԼҪ뿪İ
ķԩ˵
㡭ô۾˵ϹʲôʱҪ뿪ˣμӴѧʿĲᣬĪң
ʱҲӦ˹ķԽ˵Խף
ķȴֻ̯ʼ磬һ޹ؿ˵λǸղžѧʿͬԲμӲģûɣҸ˵ԸκһμӲᣬΪֻѧʿĽ̻壬޹ءڵǣΪһμӲᣬʵһ裬ԸҴһȻˣΨһĽ취ȻҪ뿪ѵ֮£뿪ĶҶ𣿡
˵ķŤͷȻ۾ţϵЦȴѾʧҲ˵֣ǴѧʿլӣլӡվȻѾõ˴ѧʿѵΪңҾͱҪļβ͹ûʸ뿪ѵʸ뿪ˣǬɷѵɣ˵ҺаԵ⡮Ե֣㣬簡
㣡ǿʶǿʶ
ķһϯ˵ƿԣƫƫ֮ǰʵǷףķռס˸֡
ķĲƣȫûκηֻǺ԰׵ķ߶ͬһʡ
վԮͬɫһƬΣĹĵľ졣
˼Ȼ˵ǿʶǾһ£ôǿʶˣѵҷ˵ȫ㲻ɣôҲǸˣǶ˲νĵ𣿻㿴ֻĵǵ˵ĵȫڷƨȫ⸱ӣ飬ǲҲգƽ
ųվһԣڳһϷӣķ
˵ȥҲռŵ
㡭˵˭ֲѧİܼӣҡҲмںۣ
˵ֱ꣬ϥȥķʣɴѡ˱ܶ
ԭŵİȻ֮ɫʱѾȫʧ
׾ԵӦԲԵļ˸оǶˣݶ̲סҡҡͷ
ʱ˳ͻˣϻҲͻͣˣҪִ磬˴ˡ
ǡķɲΪԼǸˡ
ιүѵãԸ㽲Ȼҵűˣ
һȥķüëһʱǰ˼ֱվǰһķŵͻȻڳһģ
ֻүҸˣᣡû˸ҸүˣģҸҪܸҽ˵Ŵһ棬úõĸүϸҲˡҪǽٺ٣ͳһֱ˵үǲѧİܼ¶û꣡һͰܼҸ㿴үҸ㣬ǣֻҪǮе˸Щ£
ķ̧ͷŭĿӵӣЦż˵ʲôүҾв㣬ҺΣĽǲڳһߵΪԼһˣүҼˣÿһ٣һ£ʱһһʵ跸
ԵļʱһĿĿķ˭ûԤϵķǺȻͰԼǸ竵ģ˳
⡭Ǵѧʿ
´ѧʿһԿţô͸˷
Ķ٣Ȼ˶Ѿˣǻȿʼɡ
ʼվһûпڵĳǲټϷͬķ˵һ֮󣬱Ťͷ
ȴǱ㲻ԣӲòȡˡԷˣµнڣԵ·ˡ㣬ֻƾűϣ֪дģʵڵп㡭Ϊ֮ɡ


090 
⻰˵ļأԭڷŭķеʱɫһƬɷףֱһء
ŵǼˣڳݱ̬֮һ۹۱ǱǹĵĲٷκ
վΪ򱧲ƽҲǱ˳Ĭһģ
Ϊ֮һķûʲôӦųݷ˻ķǹϰѾ
ɫתųǷǷ󣬾ʩʩȻһŰǰ
֮ͻȻ쭣ҪĿʵΪ˿ݵķӦȻĿѾﵽҲ˷ʱ䡣
Ҳǳյæ˼Լİǰ
±ֻʣ˳ݺվš
ڷķ֮ĳͻԼݵı̬һʱԵЩ졣
ݵÿһ˵϶΢ͣ£ڿķʱȤԵøŨһЩ
ֻ˶ʱʹͷԳķ⣬û˲ݵı仯
ϷٰԭӦöģҲͲһһˣǴǬƫƧ֮ڣӣǳĳҲãǾҲգǵģ޼˵ȺÿվҪΪЩͷϷϻ󣬱㿪ʼٰᡣ
һ˵ţһ߳Եͻ˻֡
ʱӦһȻʼǰæµֱǰŵÿһ˰ϱīֽ⣬ϲˮ
λǵ꿡壬ÿڲϿЩףϷ·ܹʮǰԼ֪Ŀ⣬ҲδûϷҽ廳ԭ򡣶죬Ҿ͸оԼҲһ㡣
ݵĿó𽥵ȥ˽š
Ǵŵӽӻ´ѧʿɲϣʮѣҵ˵ӹ彡аԪء
Ǿͽ˵ļԣϣܻɡ϶ΪܶʱþˣҲþǺ¡
ݹЦ
ѧʿ˵ʲôأǵıгİտɶͲźá
ٴξ죬Щζ˵
ǾŹŵĲңǱ¿Ҹϻ硢ȥ˰ϣҳ꣬Ҳұûʲôϵֻϣôһֱţû׼ʲôʱ¿ܾٸǴЩҶеĺô
Լ°ȫ˵ĺ룬ЦǺǵ˵
ķǰһڳݵٴθ˼֡
ȴų˵Ļ¶˲ҹͬı飬ԶŸ̲סҪڷһ㡣
ȴû˵Ļᣬֱӳ˻֣ŵûʲô۵ģԺ볯Ϊ٣ؾͻҵ˵ʲôǻᣬұø˵Щҿ̫ǻȳϵʿӣڲ;ػµıʱƣͽڹ·һ;ɡ
˵ɨһȦݼ˵ҪǵǣȷʵҪУңԶǵĳɳʵûκκôܹȥ磬Żǰķȷ
˵꣬Ҳ᳡̬ı仯͵ùһֽȻԱһûİϣӺд˸档
ֽֽ𣬽չʾ˳˿
һ֡
ǽ⣬ĹɷӾͺá
΢Ц˵꣬Եİ޷ĿУֱᵽķԣȻķȥ
ˣŸʲôϽʼɡ
˶ڿԼѾϥȥĳݲɵüЩ˵
ſʼ˱仯
Сʱʱķôڳݵԣųʮݵ䡢ƪ۵ԡΪ⣬еޱȼҵ̽֡
ҲʱʱļУĳһЩ˵Ĺ۵ȥз
⵹ķЩȫµʶǴûĶС㣬ȻǸвѧˡ
ֻķʵȫ壬ƾŶЩ̸óķﵱǿЦúܡ
һУķϾվ˷۷ĲϣվԽߣȻҲͿԽ
˳һЩ˵һЩĶҲֻܵõɵˡ
ƫƫЩȻϣܹڲеõݵһֵ̽ޱȼҡ
ÿһ˶ԼޱҷǳĿȥͬҷǳ۶ϣֳķʵЩЦá
ķ˵Сʱȫ˷ʱ䡣
ȻԵĳݿȴһֱھ۾ţķҲΨӡ
ֻǵķѾùǷ죬ʵû˶ľ
⸱Ӷʱ㱻


091 
Ӳոտʼʱһעʵʼշķϡ
ΪڷŵĳͻУԼܵĪ裬еҪ軹ķ
ܴϸȫҵģɲô롣
ΪԼʲô³ݶѾ˻ҲΪЩķ⡣
ʼ˵ķμӲᣬǶֺʿӵ裡
һߵˣܳƶ֮ңȴʼΪԼӵԶ˵ĲŻҲʼΪԼⱲӲȻˡµµһ
ʵǳΪһǿޣκĸ䣬û㹻Ĳ֧ţҪϵңǳ˵ε顣
ֻεķԼ޵룬תרעȥ顣
ѡȴҲĳЩ̬Ĳ
𸻡ø߰ȥԼԱֱ硭Ȼȴ޷䣬ôתһ;ʼƷΩжߵ۵
ԵĹͨ㡣
ͬܶ˶᲻ҪԼΪѰҵο㡣
ձı־ǣòġǲܹõġǺá
ԭѧʿԼֲ̬εļõġ
ͬĺʿӣҪĳͷصжôļѣѧʿڵĻᣬ˵Ƕô
ǵķͻȻԺһֱεļõĲ̬޷ȥˡ
Ϊ˵ķΪһеĵ͡
ܹӵķĳҲͲ˵˫ȫˣǾסģ
˵ˡʵǼʡ
ʵĻ桭ܹһ˳ȼգ
ԭǴ㽫ķϳģͬʱҲڳݵǰչԼηȨڣû뵽ǣķչȫԤ֮⣬ĿĲûдﵽǻ˷ǳӡ
ֱǰʯͷԼĽţķĸй˲ʹԭԹ޵ĳ̶ȡ
ôЩˣǴӲᷴʡ
ܵԹӰ죬ӲῪʼ֮󣬱ʼն۽ǵעķһһ
ַĶõעʼ޷ȫڲıڲеСʱûзӳӦеˮƽ۶ϽǶǣֹǰԲ
Ҳ֪ıֵǼڳݵǰǿƲסԼܵķӦ
ôӲĹ۲ķСʱʱȻ俴ķһֱǷӣʼûʲôʱ˾
Զһ۹һУĳҪ䳼Ҫ⣬ڴʱȻ廰Ķ٣ҿ֮У˶ھ۾⣬ΨһֱǷϣΪΣǾ۵Щ̫Ȥǡأ
ĿڷǳͻȻԭ󲿷˵עԶӵϣĿڣַ׷ŤͷѾСʱķ
ԶҲһʱֹͣۡ
ʱķոմһǷͷ˵ĿһӶеϣɵ΢΢һŤͷ˿ⷭת۵
Ȼ΢Цķɴ˫ĿԹɫ
ȤĲⱾЩˣȷʵû뵽ǶڹҵĿȻ˵ķǳ˵ĲѧʿǴǬ˶֪ôδʵǿǰ
ķȻ֪ڴʲô⣬СʱޱɵۣҲȷʵķˣԸɴ˳˼һھֱ˵Ĳ
ߣôĿΪԼ˭
Զһˬ˵
ķ֪˵ûϹ˽ѧļڵѧҲûϹһɣС˳ԺʲôˣȻ˵ǶڹҵĿǳ
һͬǲ˵
ֻĲķζʮĻģͬʱӰ졣
ҪԭǣСʱʱķû˵һ仰
쳣Ĳ
ΪӡУֻҪǺһʱķͬ۷ʻһƴȥգֵ䵭ҲԲӰ쵽ķ顣
ʱ䡭ķƺǷһЩ޷ת䡭
ϴڡԵߵáͷȴֵĸף
ķǳģķ飬ҲɻᷳķӬһ㡣
ǵķͻȻɵĶ䵭ı仯޷ˡ
ĳЩȴ顣
ɾˡ
ˣҲһķŭĿ
ĶٶڹҵĿԼĸ߼أԲŻ֮̽˵ĲмһˡȻĶֽֽ̡
ķһ仰˹ߣĻŭţ˸ɴ೤𣬴һ־Ӹ°̬˵


092 Ϭ絶
뷨ܼ򵥣ķĲѧڶǳģȻķ仰ͱʵķǳǱǸΪԼ̫ɵĽķû̫ϵ
ֻҪܹᣬȻڲеıｫķƿԣô֮ǰ˵ȻҲܹһһԽ˶ķһ裬Խͷ֮ޡ
˵ķһ仰ŭǴϲȲıӭ
˯ʱ˵ͷĸо˰ɣ
Ϊš
ֽǼ٣ϣһظղŶӲİɣŻڱ˶רע۵ʱʼչעҵķӦһҴǷ͸æҵϣϣѿ
ķƳһۣžͳ֮˵ôһ
˻һ㾲
ֱɵ˵
⡭ֻôֱ˵أ
ĿˡҲ˺޹˼ɵľͽ
˵ŵûѧ٣ǰαƢѧ˸ʮʮԸ񣬲ȥٻǿϧˡ
ķЦһͬվԼϥºƨմ˵ĳǲмĽ˵˵ʵ֪֮ҪٰĿĺҶỹǲСڴչǳ´ѧʿģܾþٲҲȥ
˵ķҡҡͷļ˵룬ʵ̫˲ЩСʱıۣȴȫûκʵݵĿ̸ǲһһȴֻͬһ˼һ㣬ܰҶĵزҲʵһֱ¡ҪǴѧʿԣܵøѧʿӵĻСʱ˵ЩʺһĶƨˡ
һϯʵ˵̫˵㣬Щɳ˵ģô˼вޣҲϣֻͷ̡
ЩķĿУʱͬըһ㣬ÿһ˵϶˲䱻ŭɫرӾҪ̲סֱӶķһ㡣
Ҫ췴ɣ
ۿžһʼհŵĳݿ˿ڡ
ѧʿķʵ̫ˣ˹ģ
Զ̲סڽе
ǲ˹ģҲҪ˵жû˵ȫֱ۶ϣǲԵġ
ϥţƤû̧һ£յ˵꣬˰ϵĲ豭һڲˮ
ԭĳôųƮƮһ仰˲ȴ
һʱ
ķǳųǷǷɹżڽЦݣǷ˵Ƕҵ˵ܲأʵü˷ʱ䣬Ȼѧʿ˻ôҪһҾ͸Ǻúõ˵˵ĳ䳼Ļ⡣
˵꣬ķӰ˳˫վ˴£˵ĿŲתơ
ǷȻ۵ķǳңСʱʱȥ֤Լ˵ĲȷʵϵĹ۵㲢ûʲôͬΪڹĳԶ䳼ҪֻڣеΪ䳼Ҫ̶ȿԺĳȼ磬еΪ䳼ĳЬ䣬˵ûɣ֡
΢΢һһȻĺһһмشӡ
Ϊķ˵Ĺ䳼ĳЬ۵ġ
ǲῪʼ֮ǰķļŭģĹעִ󲿷ּķϣҲ˵
û⻰ȷȷʵʵ˵ģʱķѯʣȻҲܵ˵ʸڷϡ
ķӦķֻЦһԾ˵治ôôûӣҲӦжɣǸһũȥ⣬˼ҲԲ˵ûˮ׼ĻЩ鶼ȥ𣿡
㣡
ķڿԴʣֻ˲ԳѪ
ƫƫķ˵ЩޱȷŭĻʱϻʼչŵЦݣҲ滺ûκ·һȻʵһ㡣
̬ɸŭգ
ʲôң˵ѵ𣿻ЩȫΪĳ䳼Ҫļһ㣬Ǹ㲻㵽ʲô˻˵ô׳յĻҲͰˣչĿǳ⡣ôҲǳŮȻҲ˵֪˵ʵ֪ģǳ´ѧʿٰĲᣬ´ѧʿĳ֮ףΪֺôѧʿŻԼıģȥЩЦۣ
ķֽĿ׼һ˵˲Сɷףȴƫƫֲ֪ȥ
ʵΪķ仰͵㵽Ҫϡ֮ԻڷŵĲȥ˵Ĺ۵㣬ķ˵ġʵΪֺóݶѡ


093 Զ
ˣôһı鿴ˣʲôʮƵġ˵£ĳ䳼˭Ҫ⣬ҺǣȻǶΪĳҪôΪʲôǴǬгǳصУ޵γΪǳĳ֮׵ĳأȴֻڵڶλܳƣ
ķ˰֣Ȼ󽫻۵ĵϡ
ߣһǷΧϵ߳٣ǹ飬ҲǱȫԳصصģһ㣬ͬÿһ置ڶû⡣۵ģĳ䳼˭ĵλߣĳ䳼˭ҸҪ벻Ҫ͵
Զһ˵
ȷʵҪԳصأأΪûȨȥصǳӵȨȴʹȫͬĸ
ķҡҡͷ΢Цż˵֮˵ɣΪʼսĶ˹ߵλϡʵϣκĶ۴Ķã漰Ҳֻǰǵûѡ˵յӰ죬ʵȫǿԺԲƵġ
˵Զ¶֮ɫķ·Ҫ̲סڷķֱӻֹ
˵꣬Ҳϲ˴ԼĹ̡Щ漰չʷ鼮ӦþͻֵᷢһȤǾǣڶĴΧֹʧʷеĹң串Ӳڹڰյ췴ģйҵĸ𣬶Ϊ̳ԡ
ķһ˵ţһ۽ǵעųݵķӦ
ȴֳʼհȻԵõϥڵϣӱϸĵı仯
νˮֻܸۣܶǵ֪еˡҵıʲôǿ߶ߵͳκͰľӢײΪܹӶԴγɵĶԴƽӹײȦ
ֱ֮£ĳ𵽵ãȥȶͳεḶ̫́ƽӹײΪĳЩƽӹײͳνײж£վҲڴˡ
䳼㲻ͬˣͳԶΪԼǰͳηΧѾԼ˵ֹġôҪø棬ҪôأȻȥӶͳνײ棡ݹĴķչʷʵһǧ˰̬սʷƽԶԵģֻսġ
ķ˵Զ˱Ѿ¶˼ı飬ϵĻҲһЩ
Ȼ֪䳼ԶĳȷʵûͬķϸǴûͨĽǶȥص⡣
ķ˵Щʵо൱档
ǴӱʵĲȥǣӦþͻóһǳԶ׼ĽۡǾǣһĳֻðĸЧʣõǰܹȡ󻯣Ӹ˵ֻ佫ģһ֮ǻһ棿
ʵۿԴĳһףдΣӲκ飬ȴʼεİѿžȨκ˿ȾָΪʲôΪֻоӲпܶҡԹҵͳΣԵָѵǻ𣿡
ķÿһ˵ϻ
ԶڵЩȫ¶˼ֻ̬˫Թޣķ˵ЩʲôҲûȥ
˿˵ı仯ķ˵ҲҪȥִ̽Ǭ߹⣬ҲҪȥ˽ÿһʱǬҪͽ߹˴֮䷢ٴδССսҸ֪߰߾УÿжٽʿЩССսȥ
ӦöԹһȷ֪տΪͳνײҪеĶҲһֻ֪˵ĳĩաĲԶˡˣ˷ѵʱѾˣȸˡ
˵ķٴγųǷǷȻֱתﳤȥܿʧ˵ߵС
ֱȫķӰ֮ԶΪ׵ЩŻعһȫŤͷ˳ݡ
ķһ˵һʱЩƿԣȻû˵ʲôǵʵѾͬķĹ۵㡣
ǵ뷨УĹ۵ǶԳĳĲأЩ˱ܵĶ뿴ݻķӦ
ǿʼЩƲסԼ˷ֻܵųݴõһʱȥͳݣܵŤת֮ǰЩ׾ԱĸӰ졣
Ȼ֮ǣһƵӣ˿ûΪķŵ˵仯
ʲôͨҵķӦȷԼӦñ̬ȣķ˵ûٰô֮󣬹ȻԽԽ˷ʱˡĲҵ⣬֤˴ԹȻšû뵽˿ڿഫĵһ竣ȻǸˡȤȤ
ݽԼеĲˮһ𣬳ų˻˻ֵĲʹ˽ǶذɡϷˣҪϢˡ
˵꣬ݲ᳡ˣֱӳźԺȥ
ǰ˰˸Ϳ͵ơ
һȫɵۣôҲû뵽Ȼһ
ݵ̬ȡȫûΪķԴʶ񲻵ûķͣ
⡭⿪ʲôЦ
ôأ


094 
ķصլڵʱѾ磬Ȼʱ䲢㳤ջС
ĹУķͷβֵΪܶǷ׵ӦԣʵҲķԺо˼֮ķӦ
Լıȥһʮе״̬ѽʮҲıֳʮеֳȺ
ܹμӳݵĲֻһżȻĻᣬķûʱȥǰ׼ֻٳӣҪ̵ӡͬʱóݶɡ
Ҫһ㣬ʵǼ׵顣
Һĳֶ˳࣬ûг䵱ϣķûʲôգȥԼĿġ
ԺнԼеı¹һ飬ȷԴʵ̽űɫİնûʲôķǳ׵ķ
ž˽Ĳ֮󣬳ݱȻŨȤҲΪԺͳݵļӴõĻ
ֻҪܹõݵĿ϶ôļԺڴǬڵķչԻԹĺô
Ȼ֮ǰĲϣķĳΪǲζķĳȺƲۡ
෴ĳڹҵӰжôֲڲϵЩԴʣЩȡɺΣ֮ӵġ
ڹԣ䳼ȷʵҪĳҪһЩϾһʱ̴սе磬ȴҲûķԴ˵ֿŵĳ̶ȡ
ֻҪǿδȺһķ룬ô֮ԶֻᴦһԵƽϡ
ΨеǿͨȺ֮˱ϵĲֲѾͨȺƺʱĵλŻĵ֮ϡ
Ǹǿˮ׼ҵ̬ȻҲͲܴˡ
ķʲô֮Уûܹӵ
˵֮еʥͽԣȻʥͽͲĲ
ˣķ˵Ƿʵ̫õԴʡ
ΪͨСʱԳݵǱڹ۲죬ķȻݱĳĴǾͳݸ˶ԣȴǺпܸڶ䳼֧֣
ȻֱֲԣķֻԼĸожϡ
ǻ֪ŻԴĶ˱˷Ե
ڳľٶʵҲֻΪ˷ѡ
竵ıɫݳԼһֱ˿ڿഫķһݾܹƭݵ۾
³ݿ̬ҲõһʮǻһѾʮꡣ
֮ӦǸ൱硣
լڵС·ϣԺйһеľķ鲻ĺС
ļլڵɳѹ֣ȻڵʱլڲжˣֻЩ·ʹһǽŵɫԿóļһʱ״̬
ֻӿʼϲŭ޳źʹǲŻĽš
صԼլԺʱҶȻԺ轣Դѽ豻ķΪʵҶȻͷƷ״ﵽ˺׵ؼתʼؼ
Ȼǿ֮һļղصؼƷߵҲֻк׶ѡ
ǣΨгڲҵƷ״ﵽĽ׵ؼҲǷëǡ
ҶȻȻļؼȥѧϰؼƷףʵѽȫһġ
ŶլӵѪԼѪһһҵվŶԣŶʲô
ŶСʱ¶ɻı飬ʱһȻģɷǿɰ
鵹ûˣ鷿ĥ鷨ȥˡ
ķլԺ˱㼸ͬʱͣ˸顣
үȥˣ֮ǰҲ˵һ˵İ
Ŷһһĳķܵ˽ǰԹ˵
ȥѣʲôõĵģѵڣүһʲôΣղɣ
ķһ˵ţһֽŶͷҡ
ǿû׼ǰֲûΪϷ˼ҹҲΪʱ˸ţԺүȥѰ𣬷ְһ٣ѵ˲ɣ
Ŷ˵
ķɫһ壬ЩŤͷԺ봦ҶȻҶȻٴ˽ƺûŶ˵ʲô԰
˵˵Щʲôأү͸а˺òãղŸأѪѪڸ㽲ʲô
Ŷͷϵ˸Թϱķæת˻ʵ
ôܳΪһƷ߰ү֮ǰӦ䣬ôʱˣʼҲûָңǲƭҰ
Ŷί˵
ȿȣôأֻȸûĻΪԺĽŲ̫ʱҲˣûʲô飬ҽͻưɡ
ķЩεԼıǼ⣬˵
ʱŶĻ


095 Ŷͻߣϣ
ھײͨΪͨŬȥı˵зУЧҲΪֱӵķʽ
ͬʱҲԴɵķʽ
֮ͨԺѳߣ츳ʵ⣬ʵԭʻ֧Щͨ޵ĵ·
ҪΪߣĴȻǱزٵģȱ㹻Ĵǿȣ޷ͻͨ˵ļޣɵĴȴֱȻవ˵Ļۺ͸֧бҪҩȥе޸
ص壬Ȼ޷ﵽΪߵĻҪ
㲻ݳ޵ȥҩʦҩֻЩҩıļֵѾԶԶͨ˼ܹܵˡ
ͬŶ㣬ûгΪ֮ǰÿ춼ܵҩʦƵҩԱеʹ˵ͨ˲ӵУЩСֱϵ̳˶ûĴ
ȻŶʷǳһ㣬ǰҲʵЩˣɾ⼸ʱķľĵҲѾ߱˳ΪһӦþ߱ǰ
һΪֻ֮ҪŶ̫Ļδһ;ϵĳɾͶԲ̫͡
ķ˵Ҫʱ䣬ŶͻƳΪߵĻѪԼѪ˾ͺĴҶȻҲͣԼ似ϰ뿴ķô
Ϊʦʱķֱͨһ޷ķʽĸԺУַʽ֪ԽԽãķٶԳʹãҶȻҲЩ档
Ѫ֣ȥгһŶͻߵ̣Ҳкôġ
ķ˵꣬լԺĴţȻŶվԺӵ봦
ѪֺܿʹŰլ˳˸ΪɢĳһԲȦվţŶΧм䡣
СŮǺܲӦֱ˹עĸоż˵Ŀ⣬һʱԵЩɬ
֮ǰһʱעصȫ˶ǾϡϾǾЩĻۣʵ屾˵Ѿ׼ֻڸָԭ򣬵ǵľһֱǳĻһЩֶȥ̼ĻֻĽпܹᴩǵһ˵ĻⱲҲ͵ǻˡ
СԺ˶ǵˣķ㿪˵
Ѫͬʱͷķ˵ͬ
˷ǳûķ֮ǰµķѵĻǵʺļܹṩ֧֣ܹȥ֮ǰﵽƷʦľ磬Ѿ֮һļˡ
ɾԭҪһӵʱȥܶĿ꣬ȴµʱĴɡ
ʱ˶ѾǾƷʦż룬ҲɻЩͬһ㲻ʵĸо
֮ǰķġǳ϶Ϊķ뷨ޱȻѪӣ漣Ĺ֮󣬶ķѾĳäĿ
еѪ̶ķƵѪӵҪԶ˸ŨһЩ
µѵÿһ˶ǳľʵ⣬ʵеѵĿۺǵһЩҲž޴ġڵۺȻ϶޷ͺ֯ʽԱȣѾǺܴյĿ꣬ϣÿһˣܹӵжһ
ķ˫ֱ󣬽Լ˵ŵ˵¡
Ѫ˫۷Ź⣬ŶƶǶһνı顣
ҶȻȻûΪķⷬκα仯ЩʲôͲö֪ˡ
ҪﵽĿģ֮ͬǰַʽѵԺȻǻУǵǰ˵ȴҪ顣Զһϻ۵Ḷ֮́ǰĻѾ׵ı˳ҪһεıͱҪлۡôǰܹٶȵǸʵģǿؼȰŶͻƳΪߣȻͷ̸ֱһЩʺǵؼ
ķ˵صϣؼⷽҶȻ˵ɫ֮˲ͬı仯
үѵ֪һЩǼûеؼ𣿡
ѪӺǲ˼ʵ
ȷʵ֪٣Ҳô֪ģͺ֮ǰѵʱ̸ǵЩؼһԼϢԴֻԴʱ֪ͬǽ͡
ķ˵ͷûʲô˵
ǣүİɣǻᱣܵģ
ѪӺǼ˵
ȻǷĵģǶ޷ģҲûҷĵˡˣϻ˵ŶͻƳΪ߰ɡ


096 Ŷͻߣ£
ķҶȻǰľһֻŽ˫һַǳصĲһķΧƶš
ͬʱľֻڲͣһ
Ŷվھֻм׵λϣĿʼսضÿһ
ҲͬķӦֻŶ˿ĸ棬ϵıҲҪӷḻ
ŶܹĶɸ࡭
ΪܹԲ𾪡
ȻķٶȺǲ춯Ķ·ڽһ㣬еĶȴֳϵĺг
ҶȻעķĶһһȫĳִ·ķѾΧĻ׵Ϊһ㣡
ΪһձϵΪһ岻ͬķĶҶȻ˵ĸй٣ҶȻ˾Լͷ·ڿűӦ翵һ־Ծķʽ󻯵ĳǰһ㣡
ڴ֮ǰκһ˶û֮꾹ȻܿĻ棡
ֻҶȻ΢ôһ׼
ҶȻķֻ֣ͽʦ߱ĶԺУôܹǰĳ̶ȣҲǿİɡ
ķ轣ĶҶȻסﰲοԼ
̳˴һСʱҵʱ䡣
һֱĿתĶķŶڿһСʱҵ轣󣬺ȻΧʼһЩϸ΢ĲŶֱϥ˵ϣ˫Ҳǽ
ͬʱķҲֹͣ轣еľҶȻЦ˵һֻ᲻ԴĶԽǿޣıʿҲԽ͸Ǻʵġ
Ƕ֪ĵ·ϣΪǵģʵĻۣǶĸ򣬷ؾǰն̶Ȳͬȥֵı׼ÿһ󾳽ľƷС֮䣬Ĳ΢΢ҪǿĴС̴ûνƿ˵ֻҪ㹻Ŭ㹻ļ֣ôСоһֻܹʱѡ
Ǵ󾳽ûôˣֻҪ̶Ȳô۽ĳ̶ȣҲ籾żϲŻô㹻ڷܿ̿޿ڲͬ󾳽ľƷϣ֮һ޷
ŶҪΪǱȽѵģ׿ʲᣬʱһֱҩеʵҲûһ޵ģԲܻĶãҪƾȥҲǲܵ顣ֻһ취Ȼ޷ȥĶҾͻΪ򣬾չʾŶֻҪŶ̫ôͲʧܡ
˵ķϥ붨Ŷ˲ͷĺˮЦڿҵ뷨Ӧòûʲô⡣
Ϊ˵ҲǾ޴ģȻ轣ĶǳĻʱҲ㳤ķȴڽһ֮սɵƣ͡
ʱ˿̣ķڹĶ΢΢زš
ķǶԼľٶĽ𣬳ҶȻ⣬Ѫ̺ͰЩ
һ벻ͨôģӦһ£ǽչֳȫһ£ڴ֮ǰҴδһ㣬ֱδš֮ǰµķѵչֳĶҪ˸о˼顣
̲סʵһ͵ı飬˵˰ڷжô޷⡣
Ҳ֪ν֮͡͵Һϵ˶һɣϾҿǶһ޶Ű
ķͷȻ˫ǵĴЦ
ѪȫһݵؿķҶȻ̲ס˸ֻۣа鼫Ϊͬص˵ͷ˵ȷʵţҼ˼һ𶼻ҪţȻ󻯵չʾôǷΪ˵ıԶƿĸ
޷󾿾Ҫ⵽ô͸ĳ̶ȣΪ룬һ㶼ܹôӦþͲֻǸô򵥰ɣܹһ̶ϵġƿأ
ǲȷʵ
ʵΪ²̫ţ
ƫƫҶȻȴ˰²˫һ۾ĿķԼķ·Щʲô
ķ΢΢סž뵽˳˼У
֪ǽָı仯ķûȥ˼ҪĻҪ߱ǰᡣ
ʱȴôһ·쿪Ĳ²Ȼѣ
Ժһʱ䳹׵İ
Ҳ֪˶ãķڴӳ˼о˹ɫ쳣ؿż˵ӽ쿪ʼҶ飬ܶκй¶νˣָԺǼġˣ𣿡


097 Ϊ
ĽǶȥǵĻҪסܵð취ɾһ˽ڶҪκ
֪ĳһܵһ˸ôνܵĸȻҲͲٳ
ܶ£ʵֻ޶ĳһȦ֮ڵĻ⣬ĳһЩ˵ȫ޷˽飬һЩ˵ճ̸ʡ
󲿷ܵãֽ׼Ĳѡ
ڵ磬ϢĲԵȣԶͳνײƱͳνײߣھ£ǱƸΪЧֶΡ
Ϊֻܿ˵壬ϢԵȵĿƣȴܹһ˵꣡
ǿҵġȥ̽ѰܵĿһδ֪ﶼſ̽ηıܡ
ַĵʹκͬ඼ᱧһ̶ϵĻɡ
ʲôܹܵˣȻˡ
ĺè˵ľôһܶʱ֪Խ࣬յϢԽ࣬ʵҲζԽΣա
֪Ǹ⼸ֻ֣һֵ٩һԡ
ķһ۵ӵߣһɱֵЩУ̫ıѺ̫Ĳ̣ںڰ֮УȻĽӴ棬ԾܲûʧȴվԻбܵĽ䱸
ֻ֮ŵӰʼòܵļӿԼĲ޶ȵȥպܱŵˣ£ٶֻðնΪ
ΪҪһһñ𽥵ȥӦϵı仯ȻҪķѴʱ䡣
ǣȥӻʱ䣬ʵࡣ
ҶȻѾѪ̵һһԺеĸͷٵתš
һķ˵ĽִĹУҲֳĳЩŲʣػ֮ķԸȴһЩת䡣
κζ˻ֻоʧȥ󣬲䵽жô
Խ⡭ȻҲͻԽӵηηβ
Ҳ֪㾿ʲôʱı仯ȥʮ϶ĻҪӾʵöࡣֻЩƺ졣ô˵ҪѧȥΣȵĻɻ˵һֱɶȴܿһ˺
ҶȻķصɫͻȻǳϵؿ˵
ķ΢΢ü˿ҶȻûʲô仯ĵȻɫһʱ˼
ҶȻȻ֪ķֳĳɲΪҪѡ
ܶ飬ԣδˣһǣ⣬Ҳ͹۵ȥ˼
ˣǸ̫ˡ
Цһķ˵
䱧ǸǶѪԼѪ˵ģϣ˵ͬʱҲûκԥ
Ѫ̸æȴǳ˸м
˵ˡԼǿ󰡣ԲŻỼûʧҪáˣЩûõˣ˵°ɡ֪ļؼǺܶģʺǵҲˣȻмĴڣؼҲӦúѧķؼƥģǽĶ˵һǺ¡
ķ˿׿»ָһƣģ
˵ͷͬ˵ҸͲΪѧЩĶҪѧϰľ硣ԼܶǶûܹڲͬĵط´;ͬ飬֮Լ鷨ϣܹ
ʱ֮ͨǰдµһУȴ֣ԭѾﵽǸ߶ȡټϸղſֹұȷԼжϡҲ֪ôģ֪ߵͯⱲģȷһ
ŰǸģķ죬Ȼֱ̧ڰԴ˸Թϱ
⶯ЩͻȻûκε׼ѽһ˫ֱܵıסԼõԴ㿴ķί˵Ұ
סͣʮ꣡ʮӦÿɰģһС˵ģ
ķȻڰѵʵȴЩˬġ
ȻְˬֻĳЩΪ˵ĶȤζ
˵ĺҴƵġ
鱧ԴСֹ
ķûŤͷʼ֪һЩؼ̸Ѫ̺ҶȻ
Ȼ˾ʦĲΣķѡȡЩؼȻֻкס
һ;˵βƵɡ
ҪƷ׵ļؼͱҪӵ㹻ľΪǰᡣ
ƷؼԪĺͶʩþδﵽͱ׼뵽ؼɴӶľء
ҪĽ׵ļؼҪӵڵľΪ޶֪ĳʶ
ֻķӦһ
ʺѪ̺ҶȻĺؼϸĽһŶҲպô֮ǰ붨״̬˹
˫۵ŶѾӵһƷߵȫͬͨʱŶȫÿһ缡ʱ״˷
ӵԶ⣬һƶͨ˶ڳΪ޵Ŀжôҡ
Ů˵⽫һȫͬ·
ȵļ£ŶֱǰһѱסķĲӣȻصķһڡ
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ŶҲʶľٶ֮侲Щһʱ俴ͬԼ֮µıܷӦޱ⣬С˲һƬͨ죬æɿ§ķӵ֣ɬһתܻլڡ
ҶȻŶܻլŤͷݺݵصķһۣſ첽ҲլȥȻǴ׷ȥοһŶ
ķʱŴͣҶȻլӺصĹ˴ţһʱ϶޷ı顣
˺һᣬķָԼãȻؿѪʵȻڳҷ𣿿⡭ʲôϵ
Ѫ̻һۣűͬʱٵҡͷ


098 ҵı
ͬһʱ䣬Ҽ鷿ڣպ޺޷˹ϵŮӹվĶ档
һЩ׶ӡ
μҲӦףԵ
ԵԸ񼫶ǿƣԴ䵣峤ұʼձøѹֶǿӲؿš
ңԶܳļֳϻ峤ͥľ档
ʵϣҲûгϻĴڡ
һ˵Եǵ죬ֻҪԵҪǾͱûκɵȥɡ
常ˣ޺һͻὫѪ̵ĲͼԼֻʱṩңʱǾͿԸݲͼֻʱȥԵİˡѪÿѲ·ߺתʱ䶼ڵŻᶨ޺ûа취ǰ֪
Ůӹ˵
òˡ޺϶ȻҽҪЮӵҲǹġģļҵ鳹״꣬Ϲύ㴦ãʱô㡣
Ե˵
л常⵹ûʲôģ常˵ĻͳҰĹ֮ΪЩףǷǳ˵ġ常ˡһ벻ס
Ůӳº󣬿˵
ʣΪʲôҪô鷳ķʽȥȡҩ
Եڵ
ǵġ常ˣȻλʵԺͳȼ磬ôΪʲôҪ˸ӣֱǿ᲻ļôֿܵڼǿߡ
ŮӺɻʵ
Ժ󲻹ʲô£λĴڡ
Եһ˿ɫ
ǣ常ˣ常ԭ¡
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Ҳ㣬ֻı󵽵жֻ֣ҶвҾп̼串ȻǵĻᣬͬʱҲζżΣաӦû͸¶ֺֻҶ֪˵ĴڡСĽһЩܲġ
Ե̾˿˵ʣҲֻǲ²⣬ΪǶλͬûиκν֮͡Ҫ鷳ΪԵøӺȻǶλӵѹԵʵƣ򲻵ѵ£ǲֵġΪϾǡ
常˵˼ǡǹ˼λ
Ůü
ǹ˼ɵǬλҲֻڶѣǵλϾŹٷ
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֪ˣ常ˣô˵վǼһѵõĻᡣ
Ůӵ˵ͷ
Ƿܹ߳ǣͿκͶԷĺܲԲɹˡ
Եλվһ˵ţһߵŮӵǰȻַ̧Ůѹϣ΢ٵ˵޺ǸϹҲռıˣҽôҲýǵطϴɾˡ
常һ㡭ǱԼһ𣬱ߡ
ŮӴϢ˵
鷿ܿ챻һҵ


099 仨¥
һƬ֮Уһĳǳ𽥵Ŀʼš
ճϢǾͷ·һѭͣϢ¯ÿ춼ڽͬľĿһһظݡ
ͬˡͬĹ£ͬĻЦͬˮ糿˫ۺĵһʱ䣬·ѾܹԼһʱｫҪȥʲôֽʲô
һæµҹڴ׼˯ʱ򣬽һĻĻԺи֣ȴȻֻһƬĿհס
ʱոһյĥԵޱۣΪӵɣʵȴֻǴһ֮С
⣬
ƻ轥ʱļլĴűڴ򿪣ķЩĴӴ˳
Ѫ̺ͰظϵıЩŹֵζ
һ˴լŴܳ󣬾͸æ¹Ȼ첽һС
Сڽ˺һܿһķֻͷ￴˿ֱȷûб˸٣ųһ
үǡҪȥǸʲô¥𣿡
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Ȼܶܳˣѵܰ;ϲɣ˵ˣүҶûȥ¥ˣҪٲȥĻû׼¥ĹﶼҪүҸˡ
ķ˸ֽۣԼʱ˳һչװģ¡
Ѫһ㣬ֵָָһУڵȥү⵽¥൱һξ룬Ҫ߹ȥɲ֪Ҫ߶ء
ѪӦһһӣһ߳ųȥ
ѪЩɣ˿վķԡʼɫƽİ飬ɵü˵үҪȥ¥ҲôɣŶ󰡡
Ͳˣ鶼ʮˣҲǸüʶʶŮˣЩҪС鲻Ļǻᱻƭġ
ķҡͷԵ˵
Ѫգգ۾һʱ侹ЩԶԡ
ķҲûбκηԵ
һѪѾ͵ǣ˹ѪҲѪһǰ棬˳
ڰķˣȻĳ֮ڡ
ǿɸүҼסˣǽǳȥȾˣҹĻǾǺȾƺȵ̫ʹ죬ʱ䣬ǧȥ˵©졣˭ҪȻǱ߿ٺ١Ƕġ
ϳ֮ǰķѪԼѪ¶ЦвζԵ˵
Ѫͬʱ˸ķͰ鶼˳ֱһӾͳƥĿ˳ȥ
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ڵİ鿴˿ķȻڵ
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ķ˳˫ۣŵͬʱ˼ĳЩ顣
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˰һԹϱķͶһĳصƫá
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ķݺݵ˵
浹ǶڰЩ⡣
һš
Դ˵ͷС˵Ľ˵Ȼ黨ǲݣҲܻԼı׼еȫʳŮ˵ҪֻҪǻľСˣȻ黨ǲݣմĻǵĲݣҲǽȥ¥еġȥ¥һбĿġ
ŰͷͷǵԴʣķѾɴ۾Ű鿴˺һֻʮ𣿡
һ˵ͲܴһУɳĻ˵ӰҪԶǵ͵Ĵ𣿡
鷴һ䡣
ķٴŰֿ˺һᣬɴ˫۱أڳһĿӣȻǲͰˡ
κΰ鿴ķķӦȴûоʹ˱죬Ǽ˵ѡӱҵ⣬Ҳ֤ҵѯȷʵʵ˵ϣֲ˵ʵҲ˵ڼƻ˵˽£һǳҪˡ¥ʲôǶ˵رҪء
һ˵ţһĦԼ°ͣһ벻ͨı顣
ķ۽ǳ鴤£Ȼǵѡ˼Ĭ


100 ۺ
Ѫ̵ļʻ£˴Űʱҵĵ¥ǰ
һ·ķʼձ۾һֱԺн˼ı
ҹȥڵǸ־ݵȡҹ£Լװ˺ɱֵģȻǱηڳϻеլݶϣ͵ǳõϢ
ܹԵǰƷߵʵǱĹУûʦεǿ߲κ⣬ɼ֯Ĳ䷽ʽôǿ
ЩϢĻȡķ뷨ʵʩĹиӴݣķ͵󣬱Ѿҹһܵ˼
ʱϵıʰŲڣеĲԺϸĻһ飬ȡп©ĵطҳԱ㽫ʧܵĸʽ͡
Ȼķ꾡ļƻҲܻʵʩĹгָָ⣬ǵȫһЩչûл
ԭЩӦڰȫ׼õģκŶոͻƳΪ֮ʼմڼȵ˷֮£ҪѧһЩȽһؼǡһ׵ؼôʲôģ
ѳζ£ʵķķٵʱ䡣
Ҫķؼķǽ̸ŶһƷ׸ߴŽסΪؼ
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׺Ž׵ķؼǺ֯һżȻ½ãεõģķֻ֪ؼԲ
֮ʸؼйĦҲȫΪķں֯õؼ֮һγѶȵŻ˶Ľ
ǱŶ
ڷ˲ķǳԹҪֻķʽ¼ÿһγԾʧܸգ
˵ֽм¼ˣҪͨȥм򵥵ȫ
ķ벻ͨеԭֻ֮ܽΪָƣ׷˲ֻܿӵнָˣܹ
һʱ䶼˽̵ŶؼԼָҶȻѪϣʹķֻܽʰŲڰĻ̷ŵڡ
ͣ£ķҲϽԼҪȫһ顣
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ķô˵ţȴѾóһӣӵС˵ϡ
С˽סӣϵЦݶѵøƣ̵һ¥ԺߣһǷ⻰˵ģҿɲӦ롣ЩӿĿأһӼûﶼ캦˼ˣÿûɵġ˶ࡣ
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101 ȫʶ
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һ¥Ͷ¥֣¥Ҫ徻Ķ࣬ÿϵ˹̶ʱʱ¥м̨ϻרŵıݡ
бĵԲεĽṹм̨ΧȻ߶̨ӵķȴȫġ
ȻҲڵߵӿԷ£ֻ˻ȥ
ܹ¥ӵˣڶͷģεİ࣬Ҳܵװһŵ
¥κο¥ĺ͹ǷЩʲôܵľٶҲֻ§§ѡ
Ҫиһķչ͹ǽһЩӴĻܼ򵥣ֻҪֵܹùǵĻģǵͬ⣬ôȥԺЩڹǵլһʴǵҹ
ҪβֵùǵĻġֱӵķʽȻȥҡ
ķѪ̺Ͱһ··¥󣬵һʱͿ¥ݿڵĸˡ
ӦԶҲЩжԵļһȻһʵķЩ⡣
Ըһڣķ㵱ȫûпԶӣֱӦ˵
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ߣҺԶֻЩ¶ѣûȥЩʲôķǰԴң
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˰ɣӦ˭֪˭ŲүóȻ¥кܽӴĹﶼӶ£һǺ˯
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Ӧʱɫһ䣬ܵؾҪڷǿķһЦЦģӦȻֺ飬ȻľǰķڡԵߵáǮöûõĽָǼ顣
һҪǷû׼ֻƵ鰡
ԺеͷһӦصһɴŤͷȥ
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ңǰ˭ҳơ١˵öԣֵطΪӵģֵ̫죬վǲá
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ӿû㣡
һ϶˲ˬı顣
Щ֮䣬˽˹ϵȻЩӡ
ٺ٣ˣֻǿˣԹк
ķһ˵ţһŤͷԵŮӣϵЦݸӲãǺþòء


102 ˭˭
һɵؿ˿ķŤͷͬŮֵʵضʶ
ԵŮӴʱɫôÿķתͷһۺֱʱϵıͿʼ÷ǳǿ
ȻѧҲɵȻܹͨŮɫı仯Լжϡ
ӣȷʵ֮ǰĶһ棬ֻǹ̲ô죬ҺͶٲʶ
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ķ۸㣿
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ַӦȴĻʢ
ķ顭ܵøһɣǰҲܣضҵŮˣȻŮˣȻǾͲκίҲ۸㣬ضϿҵصǸһ裬¶ҹˣΣ
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ߣͬ⣬ȻҲû취Ͼ¥Ҳᶯ㣬Ժڸǰ˵ϼ仰ģҪļʲôʧɾͺûϵˡ
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ԭˣ˵ƢأһǳӲҪʧˡ
ķ˵ţٴοŮӣ΢Цż˵عϲ³ǲôãô֪ǰҼһΣǵһμأ
˵꣬ķҲѿɫתѪ̺Ͱ龶ֱһŵĸ䡣
ķ˵ĲʱһķѾ˸ҧҧǰķźݣԺһҪķÿ
ڱΪصŮķгֵһ̱ɫ΢΢Щס
ûи߹ԴԼķֻһĻ֪ıزŶԣ
뵽ķ˵ĻһʱĶ
ضôˣɫôǾίģķȻ۸㣬Ҿ;ԲŹƽʱŹˣͿ˳ۣҲҪһѵҲڶ
﷢˺ݺ¿أȴصɫһæ˵
ػعǹеͷһͻӣҺĶ֮ûʲô˵ҲǸѡ֮Ȱ㣬ҲĲϣΪҶĶٷͻΪһ˳ͻ㸸Ǳ߿϶֪ó˵֪ΪһŮ˾ͺĶٳͻһġ
ᵽԼĸףԼӣɫȻе㷢飬ȴ˿ϷļȻƴű𷣣ҲΪˣԼϲŮ˶ˣҲ̫Щ
ӣ֪ضضģҲ㹻ˡԺҪµˣɱǺ֮
ƵȰ˵ţ̬һĪϡ
һʼռķʱ˵仰ȫֻΪķŭͨģɵ˵ʽᡣ
£ǸˣƵķӦ
ֻȫûԤϵķƺ֪ʵݣ
Ҳ֪飬ӵļƻԻ᳹ʧܣ
λӼĳˣӺҵŮ˲κϵ
һϣûܵκεơ
Ȼķ֪ݣǽŻվðգԴʱķ뿪֮òŬȥȰ˵ķͷ
ҲҪ׵ĸķ֪ٺ󣬲ܾһӦô
ô˼ѵóӣҪļҵĶүҪǴ˳ȥöӣ
ü˵
ͽȻȥҲҶӣȫ˶֪ҵģҲķûȡԾǺͽ⣬ô˻Ϊķأֻ黳ȣмȥķһʶֻкôûлġʱ˶һȣ鴫˳˵ĶҲ佱㴦µõġ
ƲϣȴҪװһľΪ֮ģ
صȰ˵ɫȷʵ࣬˵ģĸ֪㴦ĻҲ佱
⵹ġ
ֻȻЩʣΪɵ˵˵ġҲЩʵʲȥ
ӷģԺҪķ鷳ȻеǻᣬǰǣӦΪ顣ֻҪķֳ㹻̣ôԺķٲʶȤĻôʰ˶˵һ䲻ǡȻǳˣҲֻΪķ̫¡
˶ҡظæȴ˵
еض㻹ǴıҪȫĶ࣡ܲ
Ħ°ͣ˵ͷ·Ѿĸڶһ㣬Ѿ¸Цݡ
ﰵ˿ȴǲɫ˵͹ȥĶǱ߰˵ˣʲô⣬ҲͲǵĹˡ
Уȥɡø˵ãķСҲΪ㡣
һӣ˵


103 ɱ
ķ˵󣬾ֱѪ̽¡
ʼ¥̵ļСеһڿķ뵥󣬱첽˹һţõķƿ롣
ûС˿ѯʣոķѾѿڱһٶ̫죬СһʱЩ
ֱķ˲ֽҪľҲСһؿķ٣˵е죬ǰûס֣ܲ˵һ飿
ģ
ķƳСһۡ
ǣŸµʱ䡣
С˵ĶͷѾʼ顣
ţֲƯһܳ㲻ɣ
ķ˵ţѪֱ˸ơ
ѪЩεؿķһִֻۣӻͳӣӸСˡ
Ȼģôʶңǰң
ķЦݵʵ
С㶵ĽӣЩſգķѯʣʶıش¥Ļ񣬲ֻͷ¥ﶼлЩǱȥסġȻĻҪһЩκ¶ڵһʱϳеġ
ԭˣĻܵˣȥɣ߳õģүûҸӺŪҾС
ķ˵⣬ְѿͷһ顣
СεļסŹ˵أ¥ĿˣŪ˭ҲҺŪԺȥš
ķ˻֣С˸æתƿ˳ȥ
㿪˵ЩʲôȻոշµȴٴαƿر˸
عͻȻǰкμ𣿡
ķȻϣƿ߽أЦе˵
ôĶ¶Ը𣿡
ǰ˼˵
ǰٴη£ʱͷȫ˿
أкܶĻëҪĻëǡҲϲίߡԳ⣬Ҳһǵˡ
ķԼеչº󣬿أʩʩȻ˵
Ķ⻰˵ЩˣǱЩƺҲûʲôϵɣô˵Ҿĵأ
ؿķûκԼµ˼ɴǰķĶ档
һֱǵжԵĹϵȻģңǵȻǵˡ
ķҲ棬ûκڵı㽫صֱӵơ
ɫ΢΢һֻܿ˹ؿķһۺǹΪȻЦݳĮؿڵҺܺ棬Ķô֪ҵݵģһֱӦòû¶κŶԣǱ߶ҺҵĹϵĶǴӺε֪ѵ˵ļĳЩϵѾ˳ɣ
ĻǹģˣһӦȻҪȡһЩõϢѵ˵ĵģӦβұ죬øǱ߽Ҵ𣿡
ķҡӣһ䡣
ž㣬һб֪ݣҲŰ
һҵǲģȻĶٷûнҴңôʹĶԼ뷨ǵ˶ΪĶǸѧӵܣڿ˶Ķٸƭ˰ȻĶҲǸˣҲͲĨˡ
˵ŻĹ΢΢ǰ㣬ѹǳ촰˵ĽҴҵݣôȻἦɵ򣬵ͬļһʲôò롭ĶӦԭûнҴҵ뷨ֻҪȡһЩôɣȻˣǾֱ˵ĺãҪõʲôԸ⽫һֱ
ķ΢΢üëһյı飬ûеһʱػ
ȴΪķڿǣʱȴ˵Ǵ˵ĻӦ֪ҪȡǶļ˵õģһʼտҪЮҵİѱ˲ϵȥȡһЩ棬ܱȴһɢĺãΪȻ񣿡
˵غȻԼ·ڣ˳ϱ¶ѩ׵ļ
ҵĳ⣬޶ȵĵõһЩҪõĺôˡȻҶ˵뷨˽Ĳ࣬룬лܹϲŮѹ¡ȡ˵ӦǸɡ
صٴγһĪȻĶ£Ǻʧ
ϧⵥ֮ڣѪȻ㲻ϾԣһֱļҵϿѵ³ɳԶɫĵֿǿʼúĿ⿴أȻرֳ˲СȤʼһƬȻصȤûκιϵ
ķ
֮ǰķ϶ԥľͷ
ˣ֪ˣعذɣھһҪٿǿǣǺ˵Ļһᾡһ𸴡
ķ¶ɫڻı飬˫ض¶ѩ׼촽˵
ﲻмһ䣬ȴЦҾ͹ٵĺϢˡ
˵꣬ؽ·룬ķ˫Ķε¶ʧſת˸䡣
Ѫ̽·£ķǸʱʧȡ֮ģǹеĵȻ
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ҴôҵȻǴɱֻǾҪôɱҪú롣Ů˺Σգšֳָʲô


104 
뿪ûõʱ䣬һŮӱƿ˽
Ůһɴװȴ˿Եףֻϣֹ˵̬
Ůӽ˸󣬱㳯ķӯӯһǡֵĳֳ˼ɫ
ˣ²ɷˡ
ٺ٣ɣʱæ㡣
ķŮ֣ϹЦݣھܵػźŮйصļ䡣
ֻκԺй¥ļ䶼㲻̣ʱȥ룬ȻģĺܣһʱҲ벻ʲô
ʵûģĴιǾľķɵãкһֱʧ£òԡöٲ𣿡
Ůķ֣ƣŤķԣȻ˱·ûйͷһĿķϣΪԹ˵
ʱٴδ򿪣֮ǰȥС˿ʼڶ;Ʋˡ
ķƳСһۣȻ§סŮӣŹ⻰ԩˣȷʵæúܣæúܰɣүƣүԷɺã
ߣ⻹࣬˰˵һһʲôɾû֪ˡ
Ůô˵ţȴѾʼķ
̻֮صŮӣڷִİһǷǳģ˵ԹĻҲֻ߸оκβ
ķǰľյȻٱյķߣŮӿķĻһķιƣһ߼˵ȻܹҲΪҰɣҹȻ¥㣬ѾþûôĴһǰˡ
ң
һյƺķ΢΢һֹʲô£
ŮóķĲ˲ЦװʲôͿİɣҲŲҵĴأǵүǣм˲ҵĽˣʵʵ˵ҲΪҵԵʣͲú÷
治֪ô£ѵҽʲôɣ
ķ˾յһĪʵ
ķǲαӣŮЩ⡣
ԭһΪһǳأô˵ҵģ
˵ŮӵϵǸһ˿ĵϲá
ȸүҽҵɣҼǵƽʱһֱӼģżˣܳһǷǳѵõ𣿡
ķŮӵ£˵
ŮӽһЩԹİķһۣſڽ͵Ҳԭֻ֪ҴӽʼҪ¥Ϊʮ࣬ڼͽһЩҵķۣпܵõҵ룬ҵĻ֮δܡȻ¥˵ھЩ¥ĹͲ֪ˡ
ҵĻ֮
ķıˣҲΪʲô¥¥ôˣǼλ̫ģķҲЩӡ
Щ˻ϳ˳ڱȽϳ֮⣬ȫһЩڼνˡ
ΨһĹͨǣЩ˱ļڶеλ
λŲӣҲ˵ĵԼûʸ
ԭΪǴɣڿȫǳ
ֺķôԾʵΪ¥ڵĵλǼΪġ
˵Ȼ¥һ̻ĵطôֻҪеŮӣͲиɾĲŶԣȻЩųղģΨһĿģҲֻϣķʽ̧ۣԼһüǮѡ
ƫƫ¥ﻹôһλȾشڡ
ңƶ¥ͷƣȻգȴӲɫˡ
רʫ鷨գԴﵽ˴ʦˮ׼
ڳ֮ǳΪ֮
ﻹΪĹʾƶж֮ĻŻ֮ޣȻ׵ڿƾӱڳ֮ıһϯ֮ء
ڴǬһ۶һŮ˵ѾǷǳķ˼ˡ
ο۵һ֮˾Ȼһ¥Ůӣ
û֪ƶ֮䵽ʲôϵҲû֪ΪʲôһӼִڸеĳ˻һ¥Ůӷ
ֻԴ﷢һ֮ƶʱΪ˵롣
ͬʱΪ˱ƶأҲǱʾƶŻĿ϶ÿһλĽǰ˶Աƶƣǻһҡ
һԺѹصļ䣬ķһ߿ʼĬĬĶԼԭļƻ


105 Ů˵
νġƻô鷳κζûпǽȥ״ƱػᵼƻҪ΢
ڶķ˵ûпǽȥأڼƻ岻̫Ӱ죬ҲʩмƻķʽһЩ仯ѡ
ķ˳ĬǷǳʶȤûгԴţֻĬĬĽϵֻСƱһȻȫ
Щ˾ƺһֻȴķǰȦȦ
û˵ϻʲôʱоǣһʲôʽͽн
ǰķӳĬ˻ѾƻӦķɵÿŻЦʵ
Ӧÿ˰ɣ¥ﲢû˵ʱ䣬ֻ˵̫ڽķʽඣЩ¥֮ǰѾ⹫ȻȫûйĹ𣿡
̧ͷ˿ķܾڵķǰķƺźܴĲͬ
ֻǾʲôطͬ˵
Ů˵ֱܶʱǷǳµġ
ղž͸˵ˣʱ䣬үȷʵæҪҪģĻйע¥飬ӣϽүϸ˵˵үһ𣿡
ķ˵ŻĻֳ́һơ
һѪʱӵϵһӣʱЦȻ˵ʵ˵ܼ򵥣̫ĻҲǵЩү죬¥ôܻ飿
ԵһˣĽݺ󣬱Ὺʼ黭ķΧڣڳλһУܹ⣬ȻԵõҵ롣ΨһҪǣʱκҪش𣬶ǰɰȡشʸ񣬶ÿһλشʸ񶼱ȡ
ֻǻشһ⣬Ҫһӣ
ķ΢΢üЩû뵽Ҫ
뵹Ҳ¥ƶƳָôƣҪǲûһʵĻʵǲ¥ķ
ȻֻһλشĻᣬּ뿪ʵţȻڴʱ¥ڵЩҲǲܽܡ
Ͼпܶһ׷Ļᡣ
ȫ޷Ǯȥģ
ǾҪβжϳ˭ĻشҵҪأԼȥеĻδʧʰɣ¥أУûκһοı׼ʼն˵Ļش𶼲ͬĻҲûκΰ취ǣ
ķʵ
ȷʵһֱеĻش𶼲⣬Ҫõҵ룬ֻмͣĻشΨһѡһ첻С죬¥趨һʮޣ롭ĿľϣܴЩүϾܶ͵Ӱɣ
ʼ磬˵ȻƷûģȻεܹõҵͬ⣬ôҾͲƫģʼնûܹңֻ˵ҵҪ̫ߣûܹﵽ
ڴء
ķ˵ͷϸһ˿ζЦݡ
ߣ˰ԽǵòľԽƴϴգȴӲǰЩѾõġ
˵
ղŻ˵ҵĴףôһĹ򣬾͸ⲻɣ
ү̫ˣɲǳҵĴףֻǵľίѡɣүû⣬ܵõҵ룬ôϾҹɺã
ķϣ˵ԼĿġ
ķ϶ǲܵõģʱ룬ֻҪķӦôȻǽٷְٵ⡣
Ȼɫ¥ڼ㲻ڶҲǺƣΪ˵Ŀٶ
ͬķִ󷽡һϤʿˣҲ൱ϡٵġ
Уô˵ˣүһܲҪһĿүңүȥǣúõĺսٻغϡ
ķЦ˵
Цų׵ſһ߿ķĻһ߿ʼķвˡ
ԺȴǺȻعζ
ѹŻķǰȺЩԾ
ʱ˾òԾˣ
ǰķ﷭ӵĻɱ¹ʲôطķֶԲʵ
Ȼڵ͵̽·ڸвλ󣬿һλĶִ˲ƣľٶ
Ȼķȴһֱû䵽Ϊֹƨ⣬ķֻʼնޱȵİ֣
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106 Ϥ
ɻûüѰҵ𰸡
Ϊķոսõƺ꣬¥ڱȻЩҵ
¥Ͼһ¥¥źܴĲͬ¥ֵطֻ֤ҳˡ
ʵҲȷʵˣѪ̰ķҪ󣬽ƿҺã㿴һżΪŵŮѾ¥ĴǸ̨ϡ
Ůӵ̬ΪȻŵװ˿ûнŮòǽ欵γеĸ
ŮӵǰѾڷźһ١
ƶ˵룬ķǰ
ķƶӡΪһУڼûб֮ǰΪõŮˡ
֮£һҶȻ뷨ûжƶ뷨ǿҡ
ܴò˵ʵҶȻҪƶʤһ˵Ź֣ҶȻҶ֮ڣ֪ҶȻ˲࣬Ҳûж˼ʶҶȻ֮ˡ
ȻƶȴȫͬΪ¥ƣ׿ˣƶǵĶȦﶼʢ
ܹһŮܹ˴ĳɾ͸УǾ״ġ
Ȼ뷨ڵķ˵ʵǹЩ
Եƿ֮ķֻƶͣ£Ȼƿת۲Щ˵ķӦ
ֻڽǶȵԵʣķܹ۲쵽ĸһֻͬʱڵ¶ķӦҲϴ൱
εġޱȿŽƶһ̵Ŀ⣡
ķֻһʶˡ
λڳٰĲϣƿԵ
λвĺʿӡʱǳ֮ӵԡ
ҲͬĹɣһڳڼеλĴ٣һڼߵĲӡ
ȻֻڵҲʲôЩʸϵ¥Ĵ٣Ȼڳǵϸ̻֮£ǲѧҪ˵ôŻĻҲʵǹǿ
׵ֿɵõĸջԽһʴӱ˱һֵֻ֪ķ
ֱܴϵӵܵҪҪҲֻܹЩүСǵһ൱ˮ׼֮ϣҪţǧѵ顣
ǰЩүȻҲ֪֪֮ЩѰ֮ءʹûרȥоѧʵˣвѧʵ޵úܣǵԲŶôһʿӡ
ЩʿӵúԣΪڽƶʱ򣬸ǳıߵġ
ΪʲôԶӦһ֮ڣ
ԶһԼĲѧޱţͬʱҲҵ˶һַԹ
һԶΪƶģӦôһ
ӷǸ⣬ֻ¥ĺģӦܲɵΪƾԼͣͿԵõƶɣ
ķڼٵתţֻκοϢʵ̫٣ʹѵóһ׵Ľۡ
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ԭЩ¥𣬵һʱ㳹׵İ
ܿ촫¥ÿһ䡣
ķУܿǼλٶԵı仯
տʼʱ⼸˵ﻹǿռеʱ˿̣Ӱ£ЩѾɫȡ
ܺ
ҡ飡
ķ˫΢У־Լƺĸο£ƽࡣ
ƶȷʵһԸȾ˵
ϧķһļ䵱УʱƶֻԶƶ黭ϵ裬ûȥע
ڴʱ˿̣ķȻҲһȥ
ֻǽûһĹķͺȻ֣ȻһΪֵɱ֮һΡ
ķѾﵽ˺ɱֵˮ׼֮󣬸ոտʼںڲص㡢ƶȫƻʱ
ںڲǴﵽǲεɱ֣ľ
ֻܹеƻһͨɱɱΪƵˣʵ̫ϡ١
һķƻļ֮һ
ںķصרƶƻУΪҪһǹ黭ʫʸ踳ѧϰ
Ϊʱĺ֯ڲΪķڰɱԼɱָеϣѾﵽˮ׼ΨһǷȱģǶɱָеֻǧ
ѧϰյʱ򣬺ŵʦ̸ķĥյӣǴʱƶڵӣ
ֻķѧӺƶڵȣһЩģǸտʼĲֵ֣ȫͬ
ķһ󣬸ӿ϶ԼжϣȷʵͬӣֻڡƶڵһףһƷ
ķһĥյһףѾдļΪˡ
ȻǶȷʵ̫ϤĻ¼ķҲѴƶκε覴á
λϵ֮ߣ˳Ծ
ܿ죬ҲǼӵĹƶһˡ
һβ£Ѿƶ֮еŷ׷׾˹
¥һݵţűȻ
ķЩ̲סҪΪƶƣοˡ
һ뵽ԼļƻķǿѹΪƶƵĳ嶯һ¥£廰١ֻǿϧûнβͷҲʵЩ⡣
䣬㾲


107 ˭֪ϣ
ķں˵˵Щʲôҵģ
ȷӦ̲סڶķѵģǺӦһԶ
ķ˵ǾûнβͷҲۣԶЩֱӴӸ˳
ûҸղС˼ޣһ̿ʼһֱβһֹ̽ʼնǳûнβһ˵ֺͷһ˵ĶǲɵĻǲҪҷԵĻЦ󷽡ԣչ֪⣬ûκαô
ķԶں󣬵һʱӦ͵
ҲǸոķȻںŷķȻڸĶ档
֮ǰķڵ¥ʱֳĶĴ󣬲עһֱȫԵľ֮ϣ˲ûע⵽ķ
ƶ̨գע֮ȫתƵƶϣڵڲŷ֣ķԭҲڡ
ܵʱڿķĵһʱȫӿͷǡԶķķӦҲ
ֻվǱ˴ģδ֮˵ԷΪʱŵġλ֮ӵĲ졣
ϧŭͷԣֻ۾ȫķϣڲûע⵽һ㡣
ĶǴҵעһЩҲԻһЩӽҵĻᡣϧĶ٣Ϊ˽Ļ࣬Żô޴ٶ
ҲԱߴڸԵʣķı飬ֻϱʱϵЦݻжôĳ
ҺЩӹ֬׷ۿǲͬģûʵϵĻԶҵķۡĶٻЩͽ˷ЦСɡ
˶ڶķʾм⣬λλʿӣҲ
˵Ľڶʱ¥ڵҲͷĹ˼ɣ׷׿ʼķ
ǷƽʱĻķļҶٵͷסʱ¥ڵľ˵ġ
ʱ˿̣ƶǰοԶǰ棬ЩƽʱôҺķϾүǱһȫӴ
Ⱥߵӣһ붼ֻΪ˱ָƶġ
Ů˵ǰǻԵó嶯ࡣ
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ԶΪ׵һȺʵɵ˲ֶ࣬ǿֱָĵģ
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΢鷿ڷŵЩ鼮ķӦƶϣӹƶݹıʣմմī֭Ȼǰֽд
鷿ڷ˲鼮еľ󲿷ֶйأҲȱʷӼսݡ
ȻûоĿЩսݣȴѾ㹻ķһЩжϡ
Щ飬±ʵĹбûȥĽһЩƣվһīƶڿķд˵һԭ΢Цŵվٴα𾪵ɫȡ
ܲǾֻ֣Ǽ¼ļɽЩıʷϣƶܹߣ
ͬǰķһ˰顢λδʥΪͯһƶ鷨ҲżģȻԴķдЩȥķ鷨ﵽĸ߶ȣһЩԼжϡ
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վһԣֻʶīĶ˫ȴضϵֽ
ڴʱƶ˵ķдֽ֮ϵѾٽֻһô򵥣


113 
дĹ̲ûгãԭͲ㳤ټķģ±ʸҪ˼
ͬˮ㣬ȫǱܵı㽫׫д
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ȫ˼Źƶ鷿ڵĶϾûôȥעԼдʲô
˵д֮󣬿ԼǰֽдµЩķԼҲЩ㶣ͬʱĵһˡ
̧ͷվԵƶȻƶ˫УĶĳĪζ
ȿȣǸѾдˣ࿴飬Ͱֽյˡ
ķɿһ˵
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˵ţƶ㳯ķһ̬ȣޱȵĳϿҡ
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ķվܾⷿտʼòԡ
ƶ룬ĿؿɲΪ˺ƶʲô
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лŮɻŸҪ顣
Ķٻǫ飬Ȼڻľ֮ţܱǵĵһ竣治֪жΪԶšƶͻȻһδӦ¥󣬷򻹲֪ҪͶٴءЩ֮ԻᴫٵԣҲΪʰɣ
ƶӯӯһЦ˵ͬʱѾת鷿ȥ
Ҳǫɣȷʵкܶĵطòԣν޷粻ˣԣҲܻЩĸ
ķƶЩε˵ƶ쿪һʱҲ֪˵Щʲôźá
ƶվҶȻͬҶȻĻôβԾķҲκιǡ
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ƶŤ˿ķɵÿЦһ֪ԼЩͷˡ
Ȼо񲻼еӰ죬Ҳȫԭϡ
ڿķʡһվе㲻鲻ԸĳϣƶʱǱʶҪȥֵ
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٣ֱֳƺƶɣҵĽУѵͲ𣿿鷨ϵ裬ƶʵǵ𡮴ҡƺ
ƶȻЦ֪ǲ˾ƵԵʣ˵ͬʱϻһĨޱ˵ĺΡ
ǣƶȿȣҲǺףΪʲôͬ¥ڽ󣬵ȻҲûκα˼ֻǵĺѡ
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ⰡôͻȻģҲ֪ôش𡣡
ƶЩɣһ˵ţһٴθķԼ˾ơ
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ķʱ۾ƶȫȻαӣڶεһˡ
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˵ĻȥԴƶ̬ȣ
ɴʱ˿̣ƶ˼֮ȻκεŮ֮顣
Ϊһ֮ôԼŮ뷨
ǣƶ֮ûŮ֮ĻʱԤļƻǾҪ޼ˣ
ôϧԼһֵ¶ֻΪܹõƶʲô壿
ֻǵҪһ֤˵ĻȻǸõѡ񰡣
Բͣ˼ЩķֻԼûɵֿԡԭһܼ򵥵飬ΪԼͻȻ뷨һӱ˸
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ô˵顭ܻҪȥġ


114 ҽ
ÿһŵҹ¥ڰһڲͬĽɫ
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ԺȫϨһӰһʱƶԺٴܳҹɫڻܿʧ¥ĺԺ
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ļլڿѾû˶Ļ⣬ȴûκζһֱĬĬʱ䣬ֱһ˷һΪ̴ٵġ·һĺХͬʱ
պѪ̱˴˻ļЪļլĲųһҲǼҵäӱյεڵķӶ룡
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ݴ޺õϢҹµߺ˳޺޵Ժ֮⡣
У߲ûʲôѡ
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ҵʹд̼ʶҪҽг촽δſһֱֻϢסͣ
ֱӱ˻ȥƺһߵ˫˲ɵϴ֫ʶ˼ºͫ׾ͳ׻ɢ
ɾĸɵһߣķû˲˿Ĳ
ؽߵʬƽ˵ϣķԼϢֱԾ޺޵Ժӣ
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ǿޱȹĳŷҩƫȥ
ǰеĹУķԽŲȵأ˼ôԵĶ
ƫƫ޺޵ԺԺڰߣķĶš
˳Ľ뵽˷ҩƫ֮ڣķûеһʱ佫ҩӵԼĿڣֱӾҩֹĴƫ˳
ȻҩᣬķڵǿӰҲܴ
ҩӯԾ޺޵ԺӺķһХ˱㳯һٶȥ
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115 ͻɽ
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116 ط
˵ķڳХһļȫӳ˯оѹ֮󣬱㿸ҩԼɧλļլ
ļլĲŷӶʱλ޺լԺ֮սҲͬʱ
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ķԭڽеĸƶ˲תΪ˾ֹ״̬
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Ȼⲻֵܳʱȴƫƫˡģķ·ᵽһ˿ıζ


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ҡҡͷ󣬲ղźôһ˿Ե죬ٴνעǰŮϡ
ķ˳Ĵլ˳Ȼ㳯¥ķֱȥ
·ǿʼ˼𷽲ڷֵ״
Ȼڿ鱨̫٣ʹķʱ޷óκξĽۣǿݵȷȴѾ㹻ķܶԭ֧һ
ƺԽԽ˼ءԭһű󣬻ҲСǸ벻ջ³ͬһֻ֪ǲ֪ǳıУְĽɫ
һ߳¥ķţķһš
˵֮Իҩ־ڱصãҲΪԼԵʰô屻ţΪָҩǵãһУҩûб߲Ŷԡ⵽ô¡
ķԽԽǾЩңΪԼӦһЩ⣬ɽеȫһȴȻ֣֮Щ벻ͨ鷴𽥵࡭
ʵܲ졣


118 Ӧóֵĵ
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Щķ»صƶԷ˿ڴ˯ƶȷƶ֮ǰʱﲢûѹķϵ·£Ȼƶıѣƶһ𡭡
ͬʱļҵ峤լԺһĶڿ֮УڿĵϣǰڷһΪʬ壡
֮⣬ֻϹܼһ˴ʬԱߡ
Ѫɱˣǰŵʬ壬ǵˣͬʱһҩߵӰǵˡôɣ
ʬ忴˺һſʵ
ǵģѪǰ֪ͨ˾ҸѪһͬǰȥϵլԺϸļһŷʬ塣ʬʱʬɵլԺһ۵Ľ䣬ΧûκδֻĺۼԿֽ֮ɱӦһĸ֡
Ϲܼҿڵ
֮⣬˿ʬ𣿡
ļʵ
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Ϲܼһش
šòڲϢǽǰļжģӦһֻ˶ѡƫƫ˵ˣûȷ˾ںη֮ǰǻȨǵ˲ںˡҩʧԣҾǱߣʬ壬ȷŵ˽ñ˵ɡ
ϹܼҵĻشĵ˵ͷ˵
ⷬƺЩϹܼҵ֮⡣
ĵķԸϹܼұ̧ͷֵؿһۣڵǵڳأε飬ǿԽڲ缲һгͬʱҲԶʩѹǵڳĻܹȡ滹һôӦ˵Ĵڰɣ
ϹܼЩɻʵ
ܲΪһ죬ĳһҪʱɻ̰Ĳ㡣ˮ硢ӯĵ˶ܹһȴûСܶʱҪõԽ࣬˶ʧȥҲԽࡣҡһֱͻȻֵصˣǳˡ
˵ĵ΢΢̣¶һЦЦı顣
˵
ôһ˵ϹܼҵԺҲȻĸһӰ
ϹܼҾҡҡͷ·һ˵ܰʬҼʿĳԱʵƷʦƷʦүȻʱ٣ӦҲֻƷҵľ磬ôܻɱһεĶ֣
ҾͲˣûǴĻʱǸСӵĿҪǿö࣬ô췴ûǹˣ
ĿϹܼһɵӣɵôȤ
ȿȣȷʵԶүģκĶҪһĻ֮ϡҲΪԶүǰʵϢĻɱһεĶ֣޹ء
Ϲܼ󣬻ǸһȽпϵĻش
ǲǸСӣҲᡣȻûǰǴкôҲԼ뷨ȥʣҲϡȻˣǾ͵ȫȻˡ
˵ţԼλվߵϹܼҵԣǾʬ壬˵ǲǸСģǶҪν˵Ĵڡһ򲽽ǳаֽţô˶ԳʩѹıȡĺôҲ޴
˵ĵ˫΢У·ǻʲôһ㣬һΪп˵ܶʱ򣬳Կʵռˡ
ǣˣȰʬ̧˽ȥ
ϹܼƺЩĵ˼ɻɫࡣ
⣬ǵ˵˭ҽϷҲһҪǣҵϣҼȻİţôǷõҩҲȻҪȥġѪǱֶҵѹҪĳͻѾ׼㹻֤ݣȻˣɷĲȥʩѹõѡ񡣽ˡҲԿ̬ȣ
İЩϹܼ΢΢Ƿ̧˵ϵʬ壬Ƚʬ뵽˽֮ڣ뿪峤լԺ
ֻʣһˡ
վڿտĿ֮ڣ˳Ŵڿ˿ЩǵҹɫСӡǻ鷳ǲء


119 Ů˵ǻ
Ǭһꡣ
ⳡͻȻҲûκס
ʱŴǧ߾Ļϸ촵磬ʶԭڲ֪䡭Ѿˡ
ϸʵһûдĳǳأһʱ˶ϺĿ⣬ڴϵ¶ȱ仯ôԡ
Զǵס˵жϼڱ仯ݣν·ݣÿ괺жȻµꡣ
ӭ䶳
ɷˣ֪ΪʲôƺֻҪǣһָ֣ܻγϵĴ
ⳡƶӳ˯Լ˫ۡ
˫۵ƶоЩͷΣʶľֳԱ߲£ȻպԵķ
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ƶ㿴ϵ˵˭ⷬź󣬴ҲӸոѹãȻ״̬лָ˹мУЩʲô
šˣôô硭ʵеۣ˯
ķ·ǱƶĶһ㣬ƤЩ΢΢󣬱㷭˸ؿ˵
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ķĻƶһ飬ܵıͷȥȻ֣ԼϣʱǲŴƣ
ʲô׷ʲô
ƶһ˰أЩѵ˿ĭΪĿʼŬȥϵм䡣
ȻŬ뵽Ļ棬ҲֻںȾ֮ǰһ̡
ںȾ֮飬ȫȻûжӡ
ʲôЦѵѵԼʧ˲ɣ
ƶٴ˿ĭԼİ˰ȴķ֣岢ûκβʵĸо
Ȼûо飬ɷǳĺķ˹ϵĻָо
Ͼǿǵһΰ
ûԹҲܣһεĻٻо۰ɣ
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˿Է·ٴ˯ķƶҧҧ촽Ǿ´Լ·˵
Ȼܹµ֮Իƺ²֪һķһЩֽš
ֻƶ벻׵ǣȻķҪΣȻĿصġ
ûʧ·£˯⣬ʱķûнκ
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·ƶֱԷʱЩңԱܵҪȥ׼緹
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һϣ˯жɹġ
ҹжܿ˳˳ˮûκ״ķ˵廹Ǿ񣬶ޡ
Ϣİɱһʦһ̽һڼǿߣķ߱İɱԼǱҪЩҲı
̿д⣬գʵֻķԼõ
ԵصƶլԺ֮ķԴػһûжɹҹ
Ҳµʱ˯ģϵĵһ
ʱʼڽ״̬еķ˵һѵõܡ
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ƶʱɫ΢죬ֱӺķ˫۴жŵŵ˿Ϻſʵ㡭ʲôͷ֣ļ䣬൱һȫհ׵ģİɣ
ϣҲŵģǰɣ
ķЦ˵
ҲΪκҪȥϵıҪԭոʱһΪĿңûܹĵõңԲŻʹĵֶΡҾͷ֣ȻˣȴûĶ֣޷⡣ȻĿĲңôΪʲôҪң˵ʲô壿
ƶ˿˫ۿķΪʵ
ķ΢΢üЦЦĿƶЩ٬˵ô˼ص񲢲ҽΣҽκ󡭡ȴûжЩʲôأ
⣬ȻҶЩĵֶηǳģҸԼһ˸еĶЩʲôĻҽǳķŭҲһ㸶ۡ
ȴʲôûⲢҸоҸоһֳ衣Ȼ֮ԻָоҲϣޱȳԾıռ˺ܴءʹҶ㲢ûв̫ķ
ƶĽԼʵ뷨˳
ķЩȻģƶһ˵֪㲻˵ʵȻ㽫ΣȴֲΪұôԭͺ׷ˡ
ҪȥһЩ飬ͬʱ㲻ϣκ֪ģҾһ֤ˣֻҪҹô۷κ飬ţǼйأΪҹ뿪ҵķ䡣ٶǵ˵ǻʵͬ۵㡣
ƶԼ뷨ûκδĽ˳ķʵһ
΢Ȼؿƶһʱ侹Щ֪ȥӦ
Ķ٣Ǹţţ᷸һǾСˣΪܻΪ˺ž޴ľ룬ڴĳһЩʱ򣬻Ե÷ǳʡһҸ棬ԶҪСŮ˵ǻۣ
˵꣬ƶתǰٿķһۣӲ˵һЩУһûģһ쵰꣬ͿԹˡ


120 Ĵ㶯
ķѪ֡ѪԼ¥ʱһƬС
£ֻǱϡࡣ
ڣķûкͰģһ˶۾ڳڵĿϣʡ
ƶĻͬͷһ㣬ķȻ֣ػ֮⼸֪ǲʼչ˳˳ˮԵʣʹػֽ֮ȸкС𽥵ʧȥ
ػ󣬻ӵһĻۣķڵǰʼ޷ܵѹ
֣ʹķ̬ڼµʱһһķɣһоյĴʧȥ˱ӦеĽ
״̬ɷǳΣգ
첻ƶѣķעⲻԼϵı仯
ҺáƶĻǼʱֻֽķȽϿնѡ
Ȼ̫ݵǻиʼһ΢Сʧ󶼻ĻҾͲ˵뵱Ȼ˰ɡ
ķ˵
˵ʲô
ķ̫Сڶİûʵ
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һĬƺ˼һſڵ˵ʱκڡ
˽£˵벻˵ȻɡֻǱȽϺѣûб뷨˵㱳ΣҲվҵͯҡֻҵͯ
ķ΢Ц˵
գգ۾һصͷǵģֻͯ

ķżȥȻصլ֮ڵʱϹܼұѾȺլſڡ
ڿķһ˺ϹܼҾֱǰסȻż˳峤լԺķȥ
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ķȻ˵
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Ů˵飬Ѿͬ˰ɣ
ȻҲڰǸ֪״ʲô𣿡
ķȻЩ飬ȴ˿ûбֳ鷿ĳǽһб˵
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˵
ķҪƴڻҶȻȴǰ棬ޱ˵ȷϢûҾûˡ壬ǵɣȻȥˡķҪһ͡
˵꣬ҶȻٲķһۣתֱ鷿
ֱҶȻ뿪լӣķų˿
Ȼ֮£ҾͲˣԼͺá֮ܲſڵ㣬ֱӴһҪ㣬ǰи׼
ǰ㣬첲֧ϣֻʮָһ𣬵סԼ°͡
ڡϺϵ飿
ķüʵ
ţ˵Ƿ֪ҪΪҵĿѾﵽˡ֮һڽ춯֡⣬ҪҲѾƿ֮СΪ˰ˡΪǳ׵ķ;Ҳȵôá
ĵͷ˵
ҪЩʲô𣿡
ǵĴεСģҲƱػһ̶ȵĸӰ졣Ϊ˱ҳ֮ΣҲŻҩΪҪĿľǽȥǣסҵľԽҪȥҴⳡ˾˾ӮûκιϵֻҪʱ㹻ͿˡʱһὫ峹׵һ𣿡
ʲôѵ顣
ܶĻúѡ
֪ˣҰɡ


121 һ
ĵĽǳ̣ûõʱ䣬ķ뿪ĵլӡ
ѪԼѪһҹδ飬ҲҪѪڱһ£ԻԺӵ·Ͼֻаķ
˻صķլԺʱլԺĴǴڹġ
ķƣûƶӦǴ
ŶүһˣϽţ
ķɤӺ
ү̲ҿ
ʱŶ
ʲộȻ㣡
ҶȻҲ
ŶүȻ㲻ҿ
ŶʵʵĴӦһȻ»һ顣
˿ɰķӦķһʱ䶼֪˵Щʲôźã˶ٺֻεҲүӦҵĻŶԣϽš
аүڻûȻȢأôȻ㣬ҪİϲԺǼҿ϶Ȼ˵㰡ģȻ㲻˵ĻȻţǻҵĺӹ𣿡
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ǸôվԺ棬Ŵȥ˵಻ðȻҽȥɡȥϸͣ飬һҿ㱣֤Һƶ֮䣬ʲôûз
ķЦ˵
ԺӵΧǽߣȴ˿Ҳûзǽ뷨
ҶȻŽǱһ̬ȣķǽ룬ҶȻ̬ȵĻһǳء
һ㣬ķǷǳ׵ġ
ʲôûз
ʲôûз
ķһϣ
ҽȥȻҺϸĸͰ
ҶȻû𣬹һСĹԺӵĴڡ֨߹һƿ
ŶķͷҶȻѾתլȥ
ķûĵŶһۺ󣬸æҶȻ׷ȥ

ʱҵ峤լԺһΪΣصϢ
峤ԵɫޱѿĶǰһߣȻû˵ŵȴĽԵʱ˳
ԵɫӶϣŵЩΣյϢǴ˵ɢġ
⣬ֻüվڽƺ˼ʲô
ˣ˵Ķģаԣ
Եɫվڷڵңһ͵ӣһߺίĽе
ģȻ˵ĶģôңҪĶ
Ե̲ס
ҡҲ֪ϳȻˣͬʱҲļѪ̡ҿǰǰԤõλûصļ壬ҲȷʵǼûϸȥͷǰѾҪȥЩѪ̵ϡӻ˼֮ȥĲ
߿ɥ˶Ϊ־΢΢زš
ּȵľ֣ԴûκεͣٺͳɣҲԶ״̬Ҫࡣ
ȷǸˣ𣿡
һֱվڽغȻʵ
£ȻЩɵ˵ӦӦǰɣ̫ڣִҹ£ȷʵǡû
常ɱɡ
ߵĻشص˵ͷ󣬺Ǹɴ˵
Ҫҡԩ
ʵû뵽ػôһ䣬ŵ˫һֱӹԵǰ
Եȴ˿ûΪߵıֶκ߹µͬʱԵѾ̧֣صһߵϣ
˴֮ʵв࣬ԵǾӸµûκ֣ҽûзֻƺº󣬾Ѫĵ˵ϡ
Ѫϣǳһŵı飬ƺȫû뵽ȻΪôһ飬ֱӱ
ԩκķչ鶼Ҫ˸ܹϸɽͷе̣㶼ᰴղͬķȥչΪ˵ܿЦܶʱһЩСʧ󣬾ͻɾ޴ʧˡҪΪԼΪ𡣡
ؿߵʬ壬˵
ֻǺܿϧʬȻ޷Ľ͡
ˣǸݵϷҲˣ滹˵˵ĲȴʩɡǶ˶ˣûκȤΪɱһ˾ͿƽϢǵŭֻ˵ǰ̫ˡ
еһЩͻȻؿ˵
ҹķ̽ڼǿߡ
λˣӦòѲ顣ļҵǼѪ֮Իҵſڣ²ΪνļǱ߳⣬ǸҩΪ֮
غ侲ؿڼǿߣ˵ܹѪ̵׷£ȻĽЩѪ̴ңȻҵլڴѣ˵ʵ̫룬Ʒʦ£ûһġ
˵ͣ£ڼǿͬʱͷżԷѡðǵˣܹļլڽҩߣִȶõλýң˵ԷǶһǶļңǳ˽⡣ƱҲǳ˽жϸڣټʵ޶ڣЩ׼ˣж١
Ƕ˵ǳİķǷȷǲö֪ǾҪȡĲȷʽ˵ҲҪΣûйϵֻ
˵ţѾԵͬһλվ
С鶼ãֻ֤ǵ⡣ôǽĺҲûмȥıҪˡ֮ǺΪ֮
վ˵꣬ӱͷҲصĳԵլӡ
ֱߵԶˣԵصһг˷ŭĵͺ˵ûЩˣûмȥ飡Ҫ̵ʱ˸ҳ֪˭һҪ쵰
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ԭķΪӦûѡҹʱȥЩ֡
ҲãʵҲգ漰һЩȽ飬ƺ˶ѡںҹȥС
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ƫƫķոͬҶȻ¥ڵȫϹܼҾլԺҸϼĿԼԱѾټ峤լԺ֮ڣϹܼǹķһͬǰȥġ
ܺ⣬ķҲ֪ҪԣԲδʣϹܼ뿪ԼլԺ
ͬҶȻ͵ĹУķûԼ뷨ͨҽİ취Լа취ûҩҲȫҶȻ
Ϊ֤Լ֮ԻѡƶڻΪҩķҩԼĿ˳
ҶȻ֮󣬲·Żؽָ֮ڡ
ҶȻķĽֻͣǶķվƶĹ뷿ȹһϵʵɸоΪˬ
ҶȻԼҲǺףΪʲô
ҲߡҶȻ֪еԭֻԸ϶ѡ
ȻķûиҶȻǿǷҪܣķϹܼҵ뿪լԺҶȻҲԼжϡ
ھ⼸ʱദ֮ƺķ֮𽥱ԽԽĬ
ܶ飬˲ҪжôϸĹͨͻϿױ˴˵뷨
ҶȻ˵ָоʵЩ£µǣԼֱ仯ƺܡ
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ĬŸϹܼҵһֱߵ峤լԺ֮ʱķſʵܹܼңΪʲôҸǱ߻ôж֪˵ĻҸղŲ뿪Ҳˣʡ鷳ôһˡ
ֻ֪ͨһ¶ѣûʲô鷳鷳ġڼȻԼլԺ룬˼ӦϣܹͨЩʱȥȻСһɡŮ˺˿ǲһܶ飬֮Ҫ˵̫ףŮ˽Ļͻд鷳
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˵ԣѪ̣ѪֺѪӶС
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˵ŻͬʱʾϹܼҸķҲһӣȻ˵ĿǰλҲǳЩڳϻ峤֮Ļ೸⣬谭˼չǵ˽꣬Ѿѻ˱ȥĳ̶ȣڸì֮ԼͣԡʱһЩıˡ
ĵڼ˵Ϲһֱ˵ļҪ˵ϻҪ飬ĸλΪ˼壬ǲټšΪرǵ£ƴ
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ĵĻ£ŵŴл˹
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ЩʧؿĿһۣĿǸķļģؿ
Ȼ˶ѻ˵ôˣǼװɵƺҲûʲô塣ֻһ벻ףΪҽ󡣡
ηԼվ𾪵ɫȥȡ֮ķһĪİ
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ҼǵûĻӦֻƷʦľ磬ڳλѪ̣ҲӦöƷʦƷʦ֮ĲΡܹܼңȻδ֣Ҳľ硣Ȼһļҵ㼸ʮʹӵˣȻҲʲôصĸ֡
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Ҷ˵ٶҲʲôô𵽾صģʵϵĶԱȣ
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ĿͻȻ侪ı飬ļ˵Ȼ飬޹أˡȻԼѡֻǸȻȷʵҪļңôѡ㻹ѡ񷲶û⣬ҲҵĻشǣѡ񷲶ңѡʱԾĳ̶ȲСȻѡҵȻء
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124 
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127 ڶ
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Զ˿ҶȻŭǻŸʲôץҪӵҪеķ˶һ飡Ҫۣ
Զ˿ѾЩһģ
֪űһƴʱжôľ֣
ִӸߴУһᵽͬӽĿ־壡
ֻڵ䵽ʱԶȴԼڽӴһ˲䣬·׹ٶһӾ滺ࡣ
պ͵Ӵ󣬲û̫ܵ˺㹻ʹ
ͱĲӵϲ
ٺĸоʱԶЩЪ˹ҶȻ׿ڳϺԶ˲ŻԵ˿ꡣ
ȻֿȴȻķۡ
ԶĻ䣬ķͷųԪͬʱԶ̤
ԶķԸԭҶȻȥĲ죬ڿķĶ󣬷׷ʶĽĿתƵķϡ
ֻȫû뵽ǣǼķӴ˲䣬ԭߵеķȴǺȻʧˣ
ûʧ
δκηӦʱ˾ͼͬʱܵ˹
֮˲Կհףžĵ˵ϡ
ʣµԶĲʱɴ۾һ̣ķѾǵǰ
ͬʱػܵؾɿ˲Զ֡
ȻԶ㰤˵ڶ°ƣ
Ĳҽٴ
ķܲˣȴĿ
ȻԶоǳʹ˺ȴ֮١
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ķڽеĲΡһƳԶ󣬱ҶȻƶҲ¥ſȥ
û߳ſڣԾԶˤڵϵԼһҺ
ԶҲڲҺ֮
ķȻҴңˣļҲԻ㣡ұ֤
ԶķҶȻƶһ¥ſڡ
ͿһȺȲˣվȺǰΪߣ


128 
ķ˫΢УԼٵת
ƶǣһǿ뵽ģû뵽ǣȻֵ֮죡
һûκڵģôֱö֮Ĵ˸˹
ͺֵζˡ
Ȼƶ֮䲢ǣŮ֮飬ôĹϵһ˵ĹһŮأ
ķ
ķأ˼ŵʱ򣬳֮ǣﾹȻһڽг֡
û뵽˾Ȼʶңķˣʧ֮˼¡
Ȼ⣬ķɷӦǷ˵
ļҶٵͷ˾֪ȻҲ˽ġ
￪˵
ڿƶûгʲô̬ԵķһЩ
ȿȣⷬ˵ķ֪ôӻźá
ķϸεı飬ʵȻڿٵ˼š
ŲܾţұͲΪĵĶӻǸһǴ竡
ؿķһۺ󣬽תƵƶϣ˵ң﷢鶼˵һ°ɣκίҶΪ
ǣˡ
ƶһߵǰȻԶǰ¥鷳Ḷ́ϸ
ʱԾڵϵԶѾɵۡ
û뵽ﾹȻ
˵ƶ֮ûκιϵ
׿ڸİ
ĵ̬Ҳκ
ԶôŵĴ¥̣
ѵԼƭ˲ɣ
ԶһƬңֻŵĿ־һʱϵЩʹȫܲˡ
ΪļǵãСʱĸ׾ǳľ
ڣȥκˣңڳ˵Ҳǡ
Σȥˣ
ΪֻһףǾ
λ֮ϲڳչĴڸУȫΪȫƿȣһ־Ե²ŻĴݣ
ڣκˣһǵﲻˣô϶ֻһͬ³
ЩͷһڵϵԶѾʼЩãȻ޴
ķǸûȥԶķӦֻǺҶȻվ¥ſڣϴ΢Ц
ͬʱźۼϸ۲šƶ˵ʱӡ
ûһĹķϵЦݾ͸ʢ˼֡
Ϊȷƶ֮ĹϵֻΪˡ
һȥĻƱػ޴İԷ籩
ڣҲΪ¶ļɹɣ
ķ洧ŵʱƶҲѾͬｲһ飬ԶҪʩҺķҶȻʱϵڿѾҪܴ飬ûκ
ɫԵ
áܺáԶĵӹȻǴúءǰ˸˵ʱһôšΪĸһǳСĽˡΪĽ̵£չҲȥɽ쿴һ뵱Ȼء
ĿؿŵϵԶǺεķŭ
Զⷬŵһ飬æǿĴӵ
ֻڱǰͻȻıʴ̼Ĺ޴ЩԴһƬ£ŭһʱȫ֪ΪԼȥ⡣
ֵ̿ģȻԶӡӶӡ
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ȫʶѭȥͿһųظ־ڿٵĳ߼۶
ݳĳ·Ҫֱӳһ㣬ʼղڶ
ܿ죬ͣ˵ǰųŴ򿪣һΪԲӼǴӳֱӷ
غûκһۣ㾶ֱæǰžһ˫ϥأֹĹĵԴֱӡ硱һżǰĵϡ
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˽˶֪Ƕŭ
£϶Ҫùˡ
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ߣ̡֮Զ޷죬ΪĸףȻҪεģµĴ󣬾Ϊζķ͡šλＰʱϵĻֱ롣ĶӱЩûйҲпͣҿĲôʹࡣ
ն˵
ԿɫʱһƬɷס
Զͬ¶˲˼ɫ
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ﲻٿϵԿŤͷķ˵
ķ֪̬ȣҲһƽĽ
ĽķȻǳ⡣
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ˣһҪȥ飬ͲˡңԿӸҴߡңҲһȥɣұ֤¥һĽ
ﻰ䣬Щ˱ʱֳһץסԿһץסԶ
˸ҪȥȴǺȻʲôһ㣬ٴŤͷķ˵ķºҶʮĳ񣬵ʱһǰ˸ȥʱĻϣܹμӡ
ķʱ΢΢ſһƬ͵ɫ
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ΧЩ£ſֵգ뿪˲俪ʼ˴ۡ
ޱȵУķҶȻȻȥ


129 ͣδɢ
ΪʲôҪȥμĳ񣿡
ȥļլ·ϣҶȻȻʵ
⡭ô֪ҽҲǵһμλصĳ˰
ķЦ˵
ǴǬϰףĳֻԱԼϵΪе˲μӣ㣬ϡ
ҶȻûȥķɫǱ˫֣ǰ棬ԹԵ˵š
ķҶȻ󣬿ҶȻȵˣһʱЩԳ
ڽ֮ǰλȷʵδԿųΪ˵ԭ㷢Ŀܣû˻һͬİ˵ļһȥμԼӵĳ񡣡
οˣһ֮վҪǳڻȶƽ⣬֮䣬£ֳܱκεŶԡôʣµΨһԵʡֻΪƶˡƶʲôϵ
ҶȻ˳ηţٲ죬ȴûκεͣ١
ȻЩѾķǳˡ
ķҶȻƶ֮ʲôϵʱ亹ˢһӱ˳
ԺиĵһͷȻƶ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰
ԶҪСһŮ˵ǻۡ
ʲô㶣˼ӦһܺĻԡƭȥ𣿡
ķ΢ЩɣҶȻֱӲķĴ㡣
ȿȿȣôءҪҲ֪Һͳ֮䵽ʲôϵ
ĵ뷨ҶȻһƣķʱΪεĿ˼˵
ҶȻû˵ֻͣ˽ŲȻת˫һգգضסķ
ҲǼӵʱ䣬ķͱҶȻЩסˡ
˫־ٹͷε˵ðɺðɣͶȷȷʵʵ֪Һͳ֮䵽ʲôϵежϣֻڲ²ѡԭһʼʱһΪǳ˵Ľǳ¥һ使Ҿͷ뷨ԣֱղţͨԳ˿ҵ۲죬ҾпܵĽͱǡӦǸŮ
˵ķ͵ۿ˿ҶȻҶȻûκαʾֻý˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲôƶס¥ڣǰ﹫ƶԼﱾȻǷǳ۰ƶġҲ˵ƶ޷סڳ֮ĹϵҲ޷ԭ򣬿һЩҲ޷
һʱЩ벻ͨ
˵ķʼ磬ڳһȻı顣
ӣǶɽãƶ˽ŮĻϵȷʵûа취Ļܶ˵ͨˡ֮Զƶ˵ڲͬܿһΪھεμĳƶԵʡܿѾ㿴ƶ˰ɣʲôûз
ҶȻ˵˵ţķٴγ˻ɡ
ҷģ
ķʱͦոĴֱַָָ̧Լԣȳһĵơ
ɫµӣ档
ðɣ㡣μĳ񣬱ȻΪ̽ķǳ֪ƶĹ뷿ҹ顣֮Կ϶ǣǵĳ˱ȻҪƶˡ
ҶȻʼЩΣ
ȿȣǳҪҺƶҲܵȿҰɣǵһμҶѣûи׻ԼŮ޸һˡ룬˻ڳϿңʱֻҪֵĺһ˾Ҳ뷨˰ɣ
ķС˵
˵Ҳе
ҶȻ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ҶȻΣյϢ֮ɢȥķŰ˿
ᡣ
û³ҶȻȻٴοڣķµ
ʲô
֮Թ⣬Ƕʲô뷨Ȼδ޵Ĺϵ㾿Ҫ˭ʲôĹϵ˵ûӰ졣ֻǵƶǣ̫ļҲ
ҶȻЩ˸˵ͬʱѾתٴ˲ӡ
ƶ˽Ůôϵ̫еĻ¾ǻǸˡǵͳһƽ⣬ԲڳһܹԳγвŮҲ֮ܺߵ̫Ŷԡһ״ֻ֤ܿǲ˱ͷͷԤǣʲôô
ҶȻķǰƽļ˵
ķ΢΢һ㶣ҶȻ仰Ǹ˸ѡ
ȻҶȻ֮Իô˵󲿷ֵԭʵֻǳڶƶ֮ĹϵΪĶѣ֮ԣȴܹаģ
ƺıʲô
ķĬĬţͬʱ̧̧ͷ
ѾͣˣδɢȥǵƬգһƬС


130 
ʱķ󲿷ֵľ˺Ҵ˾Ĺ̵С
ⷽķԵȨһӦжԴļҵ;ٺĽκʾ
Ŀټķʱڼ֮𽥿ʹĵľǳ˳ڳϻеõͨ
Ȼη޺Լ˵Ҫ𶼱һɨϻѾȫ޾ƿصС
޾峤һϵĵľǲ׵ģڳϻҲκ
Ȩ䷽ʽҪӵųѰ۹ж
һϣļ£˶ĳġ
һһԶȨķںҴⳡ˾ĹУȻǼԼ竵ıɫ
Ȼ˾ʼڳظڽУұڵλټϳԿֱѺ˾һʼ
ķйһŵͬʱڹ˾ĹУһѣķͻֱԼģѹȥ
ؼһʹⳡ˾е쳣
ԭļεҧҩΪҲʵ֤ȥ֤һ㡣
ӵʿʬ壬Ҳûа취ָϡ
ΪļѪ̲ͬʿûлڲġ
Ҳ˵ȫԲЩǣ
ټڵһʵʱ򣬾ǰҽ˳׵Ѳ飬ȴûв鵽κθҩйصĺۼ
Щһ𣬷£ѾҴǿҩ¼ˡ
ķĺԼƫ̻֮£Կٽİȴ಻ϵĳ£
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ҪǸķķ͸ˣᣬҪǸķˣᡭһ竣ֻᡣ
ķڽЩʱܻʮѪһ𣬼Ҫ𣬶޷
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Եƫ̬ȣȻ÷ǳ
Ȼԭ򣬵ⲢȷӦԣǾⳡ˾ʼձֳĬ̬ȣͬʱļҵĿظ棬һŲϡ
紵ԿȻ
κתҲκδĳ֡
Ȼܹµķ֮ĺĿľʲô
֪֪̬ȳбʵȥӰļҵĿꡣ
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ļվǸȻָĲҵ漰ڵķ档
ϵĹޱȷ
⻹ȫûҵҵ£ûбķǣסϼĹУϵĲеĻϵʱͲ֪Ҫӳٱˡ
Ƿܹ׵ϳɹһδ֪
ķӵµʱ䣬ļ˵ʵΪҪ
ĶԼɣļҲڱһ飡
ķҲûΪⳡ˾ԭķ
µʱľһﵽƷߵĲΣ⻹ܵѹ£ǿֻһƷľ硣
ڷ˲Ѿ˶ǰѨĳӯ
Խι̣δԽӵƽȡ
ҶȻҲƷʦƷʦľ磬˰Ʒߡ
ŶʱӵƷߵ
ʼĹʹķƵĵҩŶͬڲͣرƵС
ʱգȻҲԳΪνġš
еѪ̣ȫžƷʦĲΣҪͻƵڵļЩѪȻҪһЩͻۡ
ļҵγԱȵǣʱȴܵ൱صĴ
µʱķľҲûбֳ㹻Ӧ
ټ֮ǰȡҩʧܣʹϵҵǿ߶ҳ׵ʧ
ʧĽǿ߷˺ҵĺ
Ľ˵ڼɵ򡭡
Ȼⷽı仯ķǲ
ںµʱ֮ϣﵽĿĶѾﵽķһǿճ־õĹ˾
ļҵլһλĿˡ


131 ͻ
Сǰļլʵļԣֻǲ֪С˴ǰΪ£
峤լԺĿľͻȻǰıλЦǺǵĿʵ
ϹܼԸ˱裬žʹĵ
ʼչһĨưɫĵѯʣҲֻб۾£ȻΪĵ˵峤ķģûʲôϵķҾˡ
ĺüëŤͷԵϹܼҶһۺ󣬳Ϲܼʹ˸ɫ
Ϲܼһ⣬Ƿͷ˿
ǲɫĶԵĲ豭һں΢Цʵ֪СȮк£ȮӲ֪ʲôط˶С㣬׵ģСˡ
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Ϊˬ˵üǺε֮ᷳɫ
񣿣
ĸˣϸؿ˿̬ȷſں˵һʱҲЩ㲻Ǹʲô
Աɴת˻⣬ʼ
ϺǰͬﳤĴСȻκεĵֵ
ӵĹľͨòźۼĴʳ֪顣
ֻܶ飬ԼҲǺԴ˵ݣܴһֶϵĺɽ֡
ֹһķϹܼҵͬ˿
ķֵͬʱ㽫϶ŵĲ豭صط˻ȥˡ硱һֳķһ
̬ʵķЩĪ
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ֱϹܼһ𣬽˿ڵ鷿ͬʱ鷿Źϣķ
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ԭ£ţ֪ˣ߳ˣһ׼ʱǰġ
ķ֪Ŀĵʲôĵ˵ͷ
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·оԼܵðһ㣬ķһνı飬˶ʱİ
̬ȣҵ̬ôˣ
ķ΢΢һ㶡
Ҹķٸװɵ㶣ڴʲô⣬úܣȻҲ֪㾿Ҹ׹ʲôԻҸͬȥμҴĳ񡣵ҿԺܿ϶ĸ㣡ҪΪһͬ⸸׵İţʹشˣ
ķķӦӵһ˵ټӿ࣬Ҳʼĸ߿
ʲô⣿
ķһĪĿȫ⵽˵Щʲô
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һ£С㣬֮ǲǳһ㡭š֪ϵ᣿
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ıԣ㸸Ǳߵ⣿
ķޱãȻؿһʱЩҡ
ⶼĸİ
˵ͬһ԰ɣ
Ϊʲôÿֶһ󣬾ȫ֪ʲô˼ˣ
װߣҪҰѻ˵ôײ𣿺ãҾͰ뷨ȫ˵㻹ôװɵ
˵ŻͬʱķѾǲмɫ
ڷֲôŬֺң޷õҵĺø֮󣬾Ҫͨıҵ̬ȣȥ䵭ңҵעĴɣûϵûа취£㲻֪ͨʲôֶΣȻ˵ҵĸףҸΪʲôμҴĳ˭ֻ֪׺е˲Żμӵ飡Ҹ׻μӴĳȻǴˣ
վϹųı飬һߡ
Ķ٣˵Ŀɶԣ
ɶԣԸëԣ
ôôḻҲҪи޶Ȱɣ
¸иƨĹϵ
ķЩĿĿΪǣʵоޱȵ𾪡
ֻⷬģͳķΪ뷨ֱӴԲŻ˵ķӦ
ȿȣˣȻǵôĳҲȥμӾˡ
оʵЩЦķʼ磬˵
ģԼ˵ģұģ
£ʱ˷
ġģҪûʲôˣСذɣҲбҪء
ķ˸ۣε˵
ٴγķһϾǸͬʤЦݣתﳤȥ
ķǿȥıӰֻ̫ĪЩ
ͬʱ鷿ӵҲ´򿪣ĺϹܼһ鷿˳
˵϶ޱȹŹֵı飬ȻȻ鷿ķ֮Իݣ˸
ķ̲ס̾һ֪Լֵýһˡ


132 
˵ļլڳ󣬾ֱͣլ֮
·ϣ鵹Ϊá
ĳϣĸ״ķһμ飬ڽһʱŸոյ֪ġ
ʵϣڵ֪Ϣ֮ʵûĲٷŭ
ļլֳ̬֮ȣֻǵΪչʾԼĸ߰ѡ
ΪʱȷȷʵʵоԼܵķ衣
ķʵʲôû
ܶʱʲôȷʵ̫࣬Ҫŭ
СѾϰǹһΪܡ
ԶЩĽ˰ȴ޷ЩԭĽͻȻ䵭
ķʱͻȻ̬ת䣬ʵܲ
ΪܹƽϢֲĸоʼնڲͣԼԼŽ͡
˵ԼɣķĲĽǴͨķʽȥע
⵹Ҳһ˵
ֻʱƣķʼûĺκν״ѾʼЩ޷Բ˵ˡ
ȴǡڴʱķҪǰμ顣
ȻȻıᰴԼ˼·ȥ⣬ķ֮ʱ䶼ûٳǰӦþһֱŬĶĸ׽йء
صĿĵȻǲԶ
Ҫ֪ķôģֻҪ֪ķյĿ㹻ˡ
뷨ܹģûȥǹκĿܣֱͬӧܵļ֪ͨķˡ
ԭ򣬲ҪԵķ棬Լܵ軹ķѡ
νġ衱ֻԼĶѡ
Ŀشﵽ鵱Ȼޱȵá
ܿص˳ڣ󣬱һ·ľֱ鷿ڡ
˵˶ٴˣҼҵģҪôëëģǲ
鷿鷿Źŵ󣬱ͷҲ̧ѵ
ⲻڼôעҲ˵˻Ҫ飬ɾʲô鶼ýعأⱲȻɾͣҲް
ѵ⣬ֱ׳˵
˵ҪרעָëƢⱲܹﵽʦľ磬ҶҪллˡ
һ˵ţһ߽ŵŵϣ̧ͷһۡ
һŮӣҪôߵΪֻҪԼĲⲻҲ˵˵ˣΪ£длİԺ縺£Ҹò绨ֹȷȡ衣
Ķ棬ҡͷԵ˵
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Ҫ˵أķʱı⣬ԼԸˣϲø׼λӡ
˵һ˵ţһҪȥոշµǷ顣
ȻָոǷʱȴǺȻһƽǷѹסͬʱ˴վǰӣ̩ͬɽѹһĿ
ôˣ
ԼͻȻľٶһȥʶ˻
̫ˣҲǣҲǣʼˡܺáǳá
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ﶢԼŮеıȫһ׿Ůеӡ
ֻԼĵ·һɺ⣬ǵһμԼĸװڳһӡ
ǡҸҪģΣûʲôҵʣҪķǸܼӣҵȻԸˣһҪһУҡҾ͸ĸȥ
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۽ǲײĳ鴤£Ŀʼһ˿ŭ
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Ҳ˵ô˫۶ֻһĹʶƿߡ
һֱΪȻǵĴ˵ЩվǶµġڿˣεĶ£ҲֻǰαװѣվҵŮڣ˵ʱʼջ᱾ܵΪԼһȡ
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ȥģ
ʶʵ
Ȼԭʲôⶼе鶼ˣȻֻٹȥһˡ⣬ķμĳȷʵûκιϵο뷨ΪķͿ𣿡
˵꣬ͷҲصĳ鷿
鷿ʱֻʣһˣվԭأ뿪ķ򷢴


133 ѻ
ķڳרõڣ첲⿿ĳϣǷԼ°֧ͣԴ
ܴӱϿķһֱƫͷųһ·ϵķ羰
ʵϣעʵȫڶ˵ϡ
Ϊʲôܹӵȥ
ʵǸķ˼⡣
ޱеϣȥμĳ񣬶εĲҲȫҪһ
ֻҪ㰲һڵˣǰ֪ͨһҲˡ
ļڶôĲƴ󣬶ڳ˵ҲûκεŶԡ
ƫƫﲻˣһܵļլ֮ڴһʱ䣡
ĵͬ£ȤĽļլι˸飬緹ҲļڳԵͨ硣
һֱ磬ۿʱԺſͬĸǣʹķһ뿪ļլ
ķļ䵱УԴΪǴδй飡
һһֱļұ壬ҲûԵǹһļҵš
˱仯ȻֻΪˡ
ܶʱ̫࣬һǺ£ĳЩض£˳ȻҪǱıܹõĺôöࡣ
ķ˼ŵʱһֱȻڵ
Ǵ㰵ʾʲô
ķߴӳ˻ǰЦʵ
Ǹˣܶ໰Ҳ˵ӦܹףҲ֪ʲôǣðѽ̫ӡҵĿĺܵûǵôණ
ǺͰϵɫҲһƬ顣
ķ˿ĭһʱ䲻֪ӦװɵӦֱӺｫ
˵ЩǾԲŵģֲɵ
ƫƫҲûټ˵˼ôԼͬһ죬ʱʹȻ䰲
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һֱִ˳ڣεķΧűơ
ͣ£űﵱķǸ
ռĵλãĲֽṹͬһСǧǡ
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չֳĶƶ۰ϵԽãֻԽӵ⡣
ƶЩɵĹذǼ٣ķϵ̫ҲڸԿʵ
ڵļңﲻһ
ˣмǰ˵
˵
šҺһ֮䲢û漰Ů֮飬ԣҪ˵뷨Ҿá뷨ʵֲ˵ġ
ķ䣬һֱǰͣ˽Ų
ͬʱת˫۶ķ˺һźȻڵǴң¥ڡƶĹ뷿ƶ֮䣬ʲôûз𣿡
ǵġȻţʵ
ķ˵ͷ
ļҶ˵ҩϰɣ
Ȼ˸⡣
ܻתļΪͻأҲʵǴķһֲķûбֳκε쳣ʱ¶ɻı顣
Ϊʲôô룿ҩǱҵߵģʲôϵȻǸҺ֮䲢ûзܵĽӴվҵĹ뷿ҹôܻʱȥ͹ҩ顣ʵϣڶ쵱һص֪ҩͬ쳣𾪵ġ
в϶νҲѾһ֮İӣĻһϷһҩͳɹؽеĶȫһûκβеĻᡣһ竣һΪƽӹûκγ֮峤ǡǸƭء
ЦЦͬʱָָԼңҲǳ䵱ǵİ𣿵ȻԼȥġûҵİæǸҲ㹻鴦á
ˣôЩ˵ʲôˡ
ķ΢΢ǷƣסԼɫϵı仯
öҲãҲաˣµĹ˾ɶıȻҲǷֺҵΪЩΪ֮ν竡ģܹù𣿻㿴ֻһŪİ׳գ
˵ţٴתǰ·
ķǱ˳Ĭûȥ硣
Ȼ㿴ҽμӳĿģôԼѡˡĳǰμӵˣǺҹϵܵġȷʵƶʲôûУҲƶٷκϵǱʲôҪȥ
·ͷҲصļ˵ƶ֮䡭˵ô롭ڽĳϣ϶һ˵ĻᡣͬʱҲӵһ˵


134 
Ǭشﲩ°ڼơ
ĴѾ಻ͬİγȫķס
Ȼڰս֮أڴǬ֮ǰƬҲѾ֪˶ȨĸսͨյӰʵ
Ĵÿʱÿ̶ڷսУڹս
Ĵдδֹνһͳľ棬κһңǿС䵱Ȩ߶ûоνݡ״̬
ܱ߸ѹ֮£ͳ֮㲻ϵƬӿ֡
΢һˣܹףֻйڲ㹻ŽᣬȥӦޱȸӶⲿ
ĴϣͨգӶ˵Ĺȥ
ҵҲٷڲζȨĲͬȶͨսа
ֵЩ֯һ𣬶ʹĴͨǣսû̫ȻĿ־塣
ͬʱҲʹþ壬ܹʼԴԶĸд
ʷ׷ݵ֮ǰĴϣǷǳձ顣
ǬȻҲ
ƾʷĴУܹĻ⣬ҪĴУϰף
ڽΧ֮ڣڳǳУҵЩʷƾõļ塣
ЩϰףȻڵĲּĲͬ
һЩصĵͬǲͬ׵
ǬЩͬϰ״УֱŲԤƵ̬ȣʱȥʹΧУصϰסǧ˰̬Ĺš
ȻĻҵУǬĽΧҲһ˶Ṳͬȥصϰס
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Ůһʮ꣬Ծٰ
ϰ״ͳϣֻ׺͹ϵΪе˲Żμӡ
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˼壬󣬼ĺӱʽˣͨ˼ҵĺӿԿʼȢ˼ҵĺҪʽּҡ
մǬɷĹ涨ҪξĻҲҪڳܱ
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С㣬㷴ӦɲǴ֮վ㸸סԡˣȷҪ˵棬²̨ҵνϾͳˡ㸸Ǳߡ˵ȥɡ
ϺķбӣյĶԣ˵
ԭںķϾķ˵Ļ˲䰲
ɫ΢΢ú󣬺ݺݵصķһۡ
ķɿȻһ΢Цֱӡ
Ȼ֮Ľȫ̸ºͣ˵ȴС֮е˽
С˭ǼС𣿡
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ǣֻǳһүѡ
ޱ˵ţѾߵ˵м䣬Ȼмŵλϡ
ү
Ŀ΢΢һ㶣ɫŹֵؿѾԵ
ȻҺӴĲ࣬ȷǣǸܲһˡ
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135 𻵡
ķȻܹܵλ˵Ŀ仯ֻǾԶķ׷ʲô
Χ˶ͶԵĺĿ⣬Ҳ֮ǿΪľٶķɢ
ԺμӼеĳ˲࣬£ҲǶʮ˲ʮ˵ӣЩ˵עٷķϣķȻоࡣ
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ĹУҲʲôرݵı֡
վǲСġ
ΪԵֵλϣķ˿Եʼհع۲ųˡ
ܹģɶǳڵҪԽ˶۲һЩûл
ںһˣӦþĹϵеˣֻķʱ˶Щʲôرĵط
ûķ̫ȥ۲ʱ䣬ҲǼӵĹһʵӱԺӡ
ӵĳ֣λϵ⣬ȫ׷״λվ
ӵ㣬üĿӳǰһֱԺ˵м䣬һ·ʼĿбӡ
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⣬ֻһ˻ţȻȻģӵע⡣
ҲֻƳķһۣüĿбӵĿˡ
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˫֣鰴˰ͬʱ˵
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ķԼϲϵشŹǷΧΪĳγĶԱȡ
˰ʱң̲꣬˫ϥأصĿͷ֮ٸɣ˳Ժӡ
ķ⣬йͬʱƣǴվʾ˰󣬿˵ʮĳλȽϤҲͲˡΨһ㣬Ҫһ¡ǰѾͻԭƷʦĲΣﵽƷʦľ硣
䣬ԺһƬ
ʮƷʦ˵ӡУڿɴδֹ
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οĿһʼǰ˵ڽһĽĿĿйءΪ˶ʾҽһλѡλѣһʦڽʱΪһʺϵλΪļ֤ˣ
£ŵȽϿӱվͬʱų˵ͷ⡣
ԺٴһƬȻ
֮󣬱ȷѾƷʦʱ򣬻ҪҵĶࡣ
Ƕʦ
Ȼϡг̶˵ʦҩʦǲಮٵģǾ嵽ڣ֮ȴЩͬ
ΪҩʦפĶʦȴһҲޣ
ȻϵĶʦӦרŴǳġ
һʱ䣬˿ӵȫĪı仯
ȻʦжʦĹأȻ֮񣬵һЩػҪصģԴ˴ζ죬һṩһδ֪λѣΪꡣ
˵ţѾ֣һڵʹӱһҳȵĺǰӽ
һ߽Ӵ򿪣Ķչ˵ǰһ߽ܵһܹĻۣҲ۵ƷףֻȷһпѾ𻵣޷ֳκе˵ûκμֵڶʦȴܹڶоۣṩλѵĳ͡
Ľܣ˵ǲûٱֳʲôϾǶûʲôе֪οҲ˵ˣۺܿѾ𻵵ġ
Զ˵Զ֮ǰʱڵ֪ﵽƷʦľʱܵ𺳡
Ψһˣ˺֮ɲǣ˲뵽˼ȵ𾪵У
ˣķ


136 ʧ
ķ۵ʲôһУҲδ𾪵Щʧ̬
Ϊ˺ӵɲǣķϵöָȻ£ķظܵڽָĿ
ֿ֮ǿңķûκ׼£Щʧأ
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ͬһʮʱķǵһָ״
ָȻӵĳĻ𣿣
ķǿǿסԼԼûбֳ쳣״ֻǺһŲûκ񣬳չʾۡ
ȻĲɣ֪ʱѾĳ̶ȡ
һҪõۣ
ȫʲô⣬ȻöָӦңȻǷƷ
ۺöָ˵ĳֹģ
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ԼľٶһΪԼҲǶƶ뷨İɣ
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ȿȣɳƵҹֻĴæҲû׼ʲôʵǹʧЩȻôһĽĿôķҲ׳һΪףأڳóͣҺλ֮䡭˭Ƶã˭֪ΪΣ
ķǷǷ˵
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˶㵵ؿķҲû뵽ķôһ顣
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ԺİûгãȻ⣬ȴûκεı仯ֻǿķڵһ治֪Ȼö죿
ٺ٣֪һȻ˵ǾͨһЩǿԵġ
ķЦ
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ķԲѣҴĳҪҲÿطǣ˭֪ĲѧǳģΪ߶ôѣôܶνĶ죡
һֱǿͷҵ˷йĻᣬķĻһ䣬ʱԼվ
ţķӦ·˵һ㣬ЩԭΪķԳ̬ȣвҲ׷׿ʼķ
Ȼžǻ֮ڽСۣҲպóȫԺһʱԵЩҡ

ԺЩ۵ü
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ǿķ˵λ˿һλĽˮ׼ĶʦȷҪһϵı𣿡
Ľˮ׼İӡҵûнйְҵȼҩǶ죬ְҵȼֻһֲο˭ˮƽߣһԵĻô֪أ
ķȻЦݣΧЩ˶ۣȻûжκӰ졣
û仰˵úܶԣ˭ˮƽߣҪȹ֪ģǶʦְܶҵȼǳߵĶʦһЩƷ᲻Щְҵȼϵ͵ĶʦҪԭڣרעķͬ
ĿķĻʱΪͬؿ˵
˷ӦΧһʱЩ
Ҳ˵ͬķˣ
ŤͷԵĿӡ
ȻʲôͬģҶóʵҲûʲôȤԾѾ𻵵޷֪Ʒʽòĵ£Ҫֳ𻵵޸ǲܵ顣Ҫཻ꣬ΪһΪֶԶܹ𣿡
ӺǲмؿеĻۣ˵СڶϺֶεĻǵȻǺ£չǸӶ϶ǶԽǿԽˡ۽Σ㷴ûκλġ
˵꣬ٴοķЩζ˵СӣȻְҵȼֻкĽףĽڵ죬Щסں׵ĶʦҲҵĶ֣ǧСҡ
ңҸְҵȼûУôСǰ
ķǷص
ٺ٣Ʒʦֻк׼²εķӳ͸һ׵Ȼ󿴿˭ǿˡ
ؿķһۣζļҲһɣϣʧźá


137 
Ȼõ˿ӵ׿ϣȻҲκ顣
Щμˣһ¶Ŀķֻһķ˳Ǻþȥһ
ûΪķĻᶮö죬ǿķܹ֪һЩͶйصĶҲǴͨƤëѡ
ܹһЩͨķҪ˵Ǿǳ˵ε顣
ΪʱĻ壬˶Ѿͨϵ֪ķݡ
ļҶٵͷڻ㲻˾֪ɶĳһ֮ϵ˵ȴʵԳƵ׹
ֻʻķϣûжٰ塣
Щ޷ǣΪʲôҪķμĳ
ǸԵӡ˵ķȻ䲻ġ
οķĹֳ̬ȣͬΪ
ؼһʹôʱԺЩˣһеȲҪķЦ˼
ط̫СҲŲһʩչԾ׳ɡҶΪԼ޷ңôҲֱ䣬÷ҪԼһ
ųʹӿʼõĹߴ˵صİǿ΢Цͬķ˵
ȻǶķһֱķһ̫߱£̫ѿֻǿӲûаѻ˵ѣţķܹöġ
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ԼĶˮƽжô߳ȻְҵֻкĽףֻΪûпʼֶ׵ѣʵˮ׼Ѿ˺Ľ׵ķ룬ɽҲһĶʦȻҲΪķܹȡ
ʵϣֻҪķܹչֳӵһ̶ȵĶ츳ͻо㹻ˡ
ֻһͨĶѧͽֵҲҪԶһͨʦġ
֪ģǾԺϡ
ķǷ˵
ʱЩõĻ¯Լ߶Ѿ׼ȫԿҲûٶ˵ʲôǽԼϿһѣ©澫ǿǣ
һ鼡Ǳ̵̳һ㣬ʱû·ڣʵһӾ
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û˵Ŀ⣬Ӻ󣬱Ѿ̧һ󴸣󽫳ṩһ̥ǰİϣֻӶǴ󴸣ʼô
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ֳķȴʵֻСơ
ӵĶ켼ȷʵǳɫӶƷĽǶ˵ӵļѾˣķֻͣڽ˵ĲΣҪﵽġʦȻһβСľ롣
˺ʹʦ֮ľ룬Ѿνļ޹أһУķʶһЩﵽ˺ŽְҵȼĶʦڶҲֻн˵ˮ׼
Ϊȱ㹻Ĵ
Ĺ̳һʱսǿ̥һѳģͬʱ˴ȡḶ́ڶĹУһֱͣͨԪԳ
ǶƷ׵ѶȻǽеʱ䣬
ڶĹУҲʼձֵú࣬Ȼ׵˵ʵеζ
ԭʼ̥⣬Ϊ˱֤ƷʣӻڶĹĿ
ȻЩͬȫɳṩ
׳ͺ󣬿ӱʱˮ֮Уȴ͸ˮһǷ·ֳ⣡
ý
ʶؿ˵ͬʱͲסǰ˼վ˿ӵԣǰѳǺεĳȺ̰
״̬ѳǺеƷˣǺһЩȽϲĽҲʲô࣬ûй
ֽݸֲ˲ԼͷϵĺˮŤͷЦǺǵͬ˵
лܵô˽񣬾Բˣ
һֵսһֻǴŽϣſӱȭ˵
Ȼƽ˵ɫѾʱжô
ҲǷ׷һĽı飬յԣù۲ѽ
ķû˵ķӦ˵עǰѽϵʱʩʩȻߵ˶̨ǰȻ󿪿ڰΧʹӣȥ׼һһģһĲ
۲ǰѽķķԸһȫתͷֻǿķУûκѺõζ


138 Ѫʽ
ףΪûмıҪ˰ɣЩܹĲϣڼ˵ҲǷǳϡеģʵûбҪΪĵ˷ѡ
ü˿ķŤͷͬ˵
ûͬķǸʲôˣҶúܣȫûбҪΪһȫ뵽飬ȥ˷ѼԴʹҵʱ䡣
ʱͬ
Χͬ׷׸ڿһüһʱΪѵվԭأ֪Ӧ˭Ĳźá
ﲢûеһʱȥشǽķϣȴľ棬ķȫûбֳ˿ֻ߼еӡ
վǶ̨ǰǰڳһ²ؼĵĮӡ
ķûʲô˵𣿡
Щʵ
ûаҲֻΪṩһѣǲҽжĻ˵ûκʧʧֻǶѣʲô˵ģ
ķʼ磬ν˵
ֻⷬ˵ȴ˶ķʢ˼֡
ȴûи˼ķĻᣬķոº󣬱΢Цſʵô˵ҲȷʵеǣĲ϶ôȷĶһܹڲϱļֵأ
ˣҾǺܼ򵥵һ飬ӦңӦԼǷΪЩϵļֵ˵ôʵһѡͶĲḶ́ؼֻڣҪȥѡ飬ֵֵȥһѡ
ķͬ΢ЦŻص
ֻⷬ˵Ĳ׵ģΧһʱ䶼Щɽ֡
Ȼķ˼͵ĵ˵ͷ󣬿ͬǼʹ˵֮ǰĲϣȥһһģһģȻһڶıԣڲȻҲҪȫƽĺá
ף
һ˼ĿŸոտڣӭޱĿ⣬û˵°ʱֱ˻ȥ
Ѿ˾飬ϲɡ
ƽ˵
ҧҧվûҼӲֻŤͷݺݵصķһۺ󣬱ĹĵתԼλ
̬Ҳûٶ˵ʲôˣǻһҲ׷׻˸Եλ¡
ͬԼλȻһȤȻĿķ
ʹӵٶȺܿ죬û˵ȶõʱ䣬һݺ֮ǰһģһĲϡ
̥⣬ӵĿҲһӦȫ
Щ˶̨ԺЩʹӾ˻ԺӵĽ䣬ʾķԿʼˡ
˵ĿٴνķϣֻǳӺһı⣬˿ķĿ⣬Ͳм
ûΪķܹǿһԶ׼顣
Ϊķжôʼպļڷͥ
ֽȺĿУķǱ󴸡
ּأѾ߿ʹõļޡ
ķ£ȷֻдﵽ״̬µʦˮ׼ܹʹ󴸡
ԣĳܷΧ֮ڡ
˲ǿǷģ
ķǱ󴸣ɵĻӶº󣬿ӺıͬʱĿһ
Ǽȫɫ΢΢Ӳ¡
ķӶ󴸣ص˶̨ϵǿ̥ϣ
䣡
ԺӶ·һ֮£ǿ̥Ȼֱӱҵıƽһң
˾ó伸ͬʱɫ䡣
Ψ˲ɴ۾ķɫѾŵı顣
ΪֻǶʦҲֻķһʲô
ֻʵЩԼ۾޷󣬾ȻôһƫƧСطܹ˸Ĵ
һºķû֮ͬǰǰ㣬մ಻ϵĶ̥ô򣬶Ƿ·һľ㣬ûʲôĶ
һĹķһֱվڶ̨ǰԭŵһºޱȰԺܿ㿪ʼָ
Щ۵ݵΪһ£·ΪηűķĵһסʵЩ˵Ϊҡ
֮ڶܿԺһƬ
ӵУķٴνǱڰתȦķֱȫԲ˵ĽǱص̥֮ϣ
¡
һµ֮ǰҪҵĶ࣬þ˶ͬһķӦ
ķԪע֮Уһ֮£̨ͬҪɢһ
ӵĳͬʱȻֹ
ÿһ˶ؿķǰĶ̨
Ϊĸоķһ̥֮ϣ̥Ϊģʱһɷ·ҪϢѪ
˲Ժ䣡
ͬʱǻȻԼϵϴһƬȻ֮ɫſڽʧеѪʽǴѪʽ⡭ôܣ


139 
Ѫʽʲô
˵ͬʱ¶ãȻɫ
ɫȴǺ
ԵıͣҲڿӵʧ̬ٶͬʱվžͿ첽ߵķԣһڼԪ˲ſԼķȫС
ķΪĵĶ̨ڼԪ֣ԺŸоһɣȻֵѪȻʧЩ˲ڷ֣Ǿǲ֪䣬Ѿһ亹
Щֻ߾ˣ˫ѾЩɺ֮ɫѪʧ
ҶѪʽǸʲô
ͷųԪķ̨ķΧеǿüʵ
ȻͷųԪǿᣬֻʱɫܹжϵĳѾǹѪȫҪһ㣬ɡ
һַǳĶ촸ڶĹУܹʩչѪʽܹƷʣͬʱܹעһɷʵʵɱ⣡ɱ־ᶨ˿ɷǳصӰ죬йѪʽѪӰ쵽ɥʧǵ
˫ضķ͵
ɹһ˿ûüĺȻ֮ɫ
֪ķĵڶºܵ𺳵ж
ǴѪʽʦ֪󴸷֮һ
ΪĽ׵ĶʦҲֻ˵󴸷տķʩչһ󴸷֮һݣ
Ƕ󴸷Ч֪֮꣬Ҳ˿ľϳ
ڶʦ˵󴸷֮ǵͬŽ׵ķؼ֮޵һ
ġ޷ܵģ
ӦǸĶˣ
ԪķǿЩѵغ
Ϊڵڶ֮ķȫ񷽲ŵһºǰ㣬ҪϢõʱ䣬ǽű˴󴸣Ŀʼǿ̥
䡭
ĵԽŨҵѪͬʱӴ󴸺̥ɢ
ʹǿҪѪʼһΧ֮ڣʵг
ִʣֱǶԴѪʽ裡
ҶͬŻص
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˵Ҳ᣿
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Ҫǻһ·ϺŽˣǴҵı̬ҵˣҵˣ
Ҷ˻ߵĺţɫΪѾͬѪǺ
ķʼ಻ϵĶ̥лҶ׵׵ȷķʹôѪʽж졣
ܹĿĳ棬ڶʦ˵ֱһǷľ
ô
˻شǿ߸е⣬ǿ΢΢
ôһĹʱ㿪ʼѪɢǿһ飬æ۾ٴνעȫķϡ
ʱķȴ·Ѿ뵽ĳ״̬С
ӵڶ¿ʼķ˫бֻʣǰ̥֮⣬
רע
ҶضķķǸӣԺвı㸡ôһʻ㡣
ΪһĶʦҶרעһʦӰ쵽ж
ͬҶҲޱȵһʦҪ족ĹУڡרעһϴﵽĳּޣһô˼飡
Ϊ첻ԵظͶҪڶͬʱͣ˼Ÿָ⣬ÿһֻǳЩ΢ƫп족̵ʧܣ
οҪԪĵ룬룬Ķ
첻һδַŵḶ́ޱȾϸ죡
ҪԵġרעͱҪԼ꣬ʹ֮ΪһͬһΪ
Ҫ˼Ҳµ
ÿһʦƽӹǻԻ͵һУʼβȥ׷һߵľ磡
ǡΪʲôǰķ
Ŷ󣿣
Ҷ޷Լʱ飬޷󣬾ҪӵжߵĶ츳ͬʱҪԶ챾ôȰͶ룬ܹķϣﵽһµľ磡
Ҷʵһ˼飡
ֻҶ⣬ܵ𺳣ȴֻķչֳֳϡ
ڶ֪ʹЩ˲ķǰ飬жôĲƽ
ֻһ˼ı飬һָֻԼ°ͣʼڲͣı任ţҲ֪˼ʲô
ľûг̫õʱ䣬ֻһĹķֹͣ˶̥ĴḶ́ǽ֮ǰҶ鼸һģһظһ飡
ΨһͬĵطҶķӵרע
ɣķˮȴ󳹵׵չ¶˵ǰǳķΪҲʵķǰѽסˣ
һϺҶһģһĳ
ʲôͯҲܹ׵ķֱ֮ľ޴࣡


140 Ʋ¶
ķѽڳˮ֮ûͬҶǰѽ㣬
Ҳޱȵİ·ֻһ鷲
ȴȫܹĴѽıоһĪѹ
ڣҲͬԸܵѹ
ֻߺʦܵġڽѹҪСĶࡣ
Ժһʱ뵽һƬŵС
˼Ҷ𾪣ѪûɢǿŽɺ󣬱㿪ʼĬĬĵϢ
ˣȫǰѽ壬ûκһ˿ڡ
΢ͻأľԺʹַһʱ
ķ˵ĽԼѽƽԼǰѽ񣬾·ڿԼһ㣡
ػĵһ
Ķ죬ķȷһо飬ȷȷʵʵȫһб֣
ǸϢҲķĺͶһЩжϷʽ
ǡ̫˼ˣҶ֪ȥڵĸоʣúȫͬķʽһԶҷġǿĶʹõĴǴѪʽɣ
ҶĿ⾼ĶķǿԼ˵
ǰɣֻǶƤëĴѪʽϾڻֻ߶ѣûѪʽȫʩչĴѪʽѽҲֻǺˣĲ϶ֻεģҲﵽĽ׵ı׼
ķʼ磬Ϊź˵
Ѿ㹻ˡѽȻǺףֻƾŽ̺ɱ⣬ԳԽĺĽ
Ҷ˵ţŤͷΪĽļ˵ռı˰ĳϿԳ֮ΪƷȻֻǺףڶʦ˵Ҳ޼֮£㿪۶٣򲻵ġ
ҵһܺá
ȻѣҶ̾У¶ЦݣŽ˵ˣĳ͵Ϊֹķȥһլӣˣ͵ɢ˰ɡ
ķԸ˶оδֻİţԷ׷״źı飬ʼ뿪Ժӡ
ЩԭķֱĵȴѾķĳɹһԵıҶǿȫʧ١
κεطǿǸ׵õ𾴡
ֻȥʱɫΪѿʵ޷ܣǸǰһֱΧתȥһü⣬ûжֵóƵطķͻȻչֳ˾̾
ʵǰεĲԸȥţƺҲֻѡܡ
ȵԺȫȥֻʣҶڼǿԼķǶԻԼķǰѳתһԺӵķȥ
ķ첽ȥҶǿǻһۣȻķ
£һ˴ڳ̨ͤ¥ܿլڡ
ʹӽլһӦǰ׼ã˽鷿еʹӱȫ˳լӡ
һ֮鷿ȴûвõĶôݻٺĵ鷿ֻǼª
ڵط˴εڽҲûκӵļ
ֱϣȻʾ
Իˣôε鶼ռ˴ˣԡܵöĲ
ȵķȣŽзǶԻ۵ĺ˹ȥͬʱ˵
ķֽӹϲûбֳʲôر仯ǿΪֱӽӽԼĿڡ
ⷬٶһֱ۲Ҷڼǿͬʱɫһ䡣
ռ
Ҷٴʧе
ţһöָֻ͵ĺһײεĿռô󡣡
ķԼϴŵĿչʾ£˵
ķ˵ǺһײεģҶǿߵɫź࣬ķԾٴһЩ仯
ϾֻǺһײεĿռҲ˭ӵеġ
һˣûκһռֵġ
˵ı仯ķԷһȻռų֮䣬ֻǺһײεĻǱȽ޵ġ
Լӵһһײοռ鱩¶ȥҲԽ˵עϣһöָɿ𵽲ıá
ȻֻǺһףڼ¼ǿ˵ֻǺһ׵ĿռҲԾŲСԺҪôľͰ¶ˣƲ¶ףԱ֮
￴˿һۣ˵
ǣҼˡ
ķһ̵ܽģ


141 
ʽʶһ°ɣҽҶһĽˮ׼Ķʦ޾ΪһƷڡұûȥйսķʽսͨһƷڻҪԲ
ķպǶԻۣӴԼվķ˫֡
ãҽķļҼҵĸס
ķ֣ͬͿա
ҽз裬Ʒڣһƽʱ޶ڴǬĽΧĴˡ
˸ոɿ֣ڼǿ߱ҽܵ
ҵʱʱʶ֮ԽĳҲŻǰһˣһһŮӣֻΪһ⣬뿪ǡ
򵥵˵
ȥλƶĸװɣ
ķʵ
Ĭ£ŵ˵ͷûһηǳ׵Ĺ£ǣһЩȽ˽飬ҾͲϸ˵ˡ֮˵Ĵǳ޴ҲǴȥʼ˲ų׵ķֿԹ˸ԵҶһǱȽгɾ͵Ķʦңһ֮ڷ裬֮ѵһλ
ķ촽ûнӻǾصȴġ
ڽĳʼ֮ǰҾ͸˵ͷƶ֮飬վҪС֮ԼȥԷƶûκ뷨ô㰲ĹϣԷƶҲ뷨ĻųĻᣬչʾԼʵϣ㷽飬Ѿ㹻𾪡һǰ;ĶʦҿҲȷʵϷƶˡ
ڽԼҪ˵Ļ˵˳
Ȼķ׼׿˵̲סЦһ
ٺ٣Ҳ鿿ףôͣȻܹڶĹרעմѪʽԺʱֻҪ޾ܹϣôΪŽײεĶʦǰ϶ġڹ֮ĲȥκһŽײεĶʦҲԶսԼĴڣ
ҶЦǺǵ˵
ѰҪﵽŽ׵Ķʦˮ׼ҲҪӵʼľ磬ӵеԪ֧ŶʦŽײεûĻķСֵڻֻ߰ɣȻΪʲôӵеԶߵļޣվƭˣڵֻͣߵĻҪԺﵽʵľ磬ϣʵǹãЩ
ҡҡͷź˵󣬺Ȼһת޷ΪŽײεĶʦڽչֳĶˮ׼Ժֹڵľ磬ҲƱػڵҶб£ô˵ƶǸ㣬Կˡ
ǰλһһ˼·ƶ֮Ѿһ㣬ķʵЩ֪˵Щʲôźá
ܸܲλ֮ҪչֳԼȫΪһԻ۰ɡ
ôȥ˵ǰλҲš
ˣ⵽ΪֹķѽôռıˣԳԭõǶԻ⣬ϣܹķһЩһ㣬ûʲôԼ뷨
ֹ˶ķĵʵ
ʵ֮Ķǳ߳ģֻǶ˶ֶѣ׵ô¶ҾáҲͲ÷ˡ
ķǳϿҵ˵
ȷʵǴôģȻ۾ʲôãȻָܹҵķӦȻǷƷ
Խ飬϶ռ˱ˣ˵ռĶ󣬻Ҫ۵֪֮ܵ
ķΪϡ
ƫƫ̬˵ȴһʱ䶼оķʵǼΪ
ķĺøжһʱȫֱߵ
ķʱ֪˵ﶼתͷ»ӵĸоЦá
Լûʲô뷨ģðɣҼˣļҺҲô꣬ԺлĻᡣ
￪ڵ
һѾ˹үȥı飬ķ֪Ҳãɴ˸ĬϣȻǡ
ﲢû˵ĶѾ˵ˣҽ˵ʵľϲҲʵҪʱȴһ˼һ¡
ԽķͳլӣʹӷԸ佫ķͻļҺ»صԼ鷿
ʱҶͷˣ϶Ѿû˷ŵЦݣǱ˼ɫȡ
ô
ǰѳŽϴζʵ
ķıһиˣǴѪʽ֮չֳĳǿǼռЩһܹṩģǴѪʽ˵ˣǬûκһʦã
Ҷޱȿ϶˵
֪ı϶иڣҲǣνĸ˾жߣԼλΪʲôѡķȥ⽫̶ܴȵӰҶļҵ̬ȡ
˵
ܽһ͵ˣ̵̶ȣ롭λ˻ôߡΪʲôѡķҵǾòؿǵôӣķڶչֳ츳ԳΪĽ͡ͷƶ֮仹ҪһȥϤ㹻ʱȥ۲졣
迪˵
ţô˼ʱǲ𣿡
ЩĿ˷衣
ƶѡִ£ҵȻҪԿŲŷģοķʵЩ˼Ҫĸ϶סЩˡ
軰䣬ҶҲæ˵ҲҲǣѵѪʽĶʦķ⴫Ҷֶ̽켼ɵĻҲ϶вСջġ
ǡ
΢΢ЩĿ˿ֿѣ֮Ÿһ˿ĵЦݡ


142 װ
ʹӵ£ķһһ·˳Ľķͻļլ֮ڡ
Ѿʱ䣬һ·ȻտյԻ·ߵķǳ˳
˳ķͬݳĳлתլš
û·ȥǶԻۣҪǵһЩĵطǳڣ©˷
ڻլ֮ںķҲûаչǰȥĵլӣԱͬĽ½ڳ顣
һ·ֱԼլԺ
ʱֵҹŶѪԼѪȻѾ˯£լԺһƬڡ
Ϊ֪ķǱԴǰȥμӳٵĳŶȻΪôʱķȻûлӦǱڳˡ
Ϊ˱Ӱ쵽ŶѪ̵Ϣķûţֱһ˳լԺΧǽ˽ȥ
ŵĽլӣ˲ûйլӴţһ̵ĽԼԷ
ֻԷķոת½ԷڵֲָԷھͺȻ⡣
ȼķǳͻȻʱķһ
ŤͷȥͷҶȻĴǰ
û뵽ӾһֱڷȴΪ֪˵ĻΪӦǣҷ޶˻ʱ乲ⴺһֵ̣ǧ𰡡
˶ķʱЦ
ƤЦģ֮㣬ֻһЩʲôѡ
ҶȻķһۣӴԷڵϡ
ػŬҶȻȻе̶ԽԽˡ
ȿȣҪǰӴ̹ףΪʵ˲СķͷֻΪҲȲѣӲҪ֡
ķЩεĿһûо̫˼;ǲҪҶȻĺá
ϣҪôһܹȫĵȥεˣ̫¶
ķ˵ҶȻɾˣػ⣬ķκε飬ǿԺҶȻȥ˵ġ
ػ£ķҲûԶȥҶȻֻ飬ȻҪʱͻۡ
óȻ˵ĻζžǶҶȻΣҶȻܶ಻Ҫķա
ϸ˵˵ɣǲǵĳѾ㿴ڶŮˣ
ҶȻƽ˵
ķҶȻԣԺ֯Ժ󣬿ʼ飬ϸĽ
̲ӣֻķڽĹУʱʱһЩԼķۣĹɳСʱ
ҶȻʼհţķĹУûдϹһķĽ
ֻķ˵ĹʱҶȻϲŸһ˿ȵɫ⾪ȵɫһš
ƺദѾҶȻϰķʱʱչֳһЩ֮١
ֱȫ֮ķִӿó˷ǶԻ۵ĺӣȻҶȻǰ
ҶȻЩĴ˺ӣ˿ڵǶԻֳۣ˳ķȴǲûжķ鷢κֻǿʵҲ˵һϵջ񣬾ֻԻ۶ѣԻ۵ʲôã
ҲõۺҾֱӻˣһ·³⣬ҲûдӣֱŷҪϷ飬ڻûпʼȥоԻۡ
ķһ˵ţһ߽𣬸нָٴδĿ֮⣬ʶı㽫۷ֱСϣ
ͬʱֻ첲ƽ٣ҪͬҶȻȤʱȴǺȻâţ
ķָͷϴŵöָҲųͬĹâ
âҫۣҶȻʶֵסԼ۾
ķҲĶȴȻ֣Լֻ첲ʧȥ˿ƣ
ţķоԼڵԪʼسӿȥ
ͬǰբźһ㣬Ƭ̼ѾڵԪк˸һɶ
еԪӿۺԭҫ۵ĹâķͷԼ»ָ˶˫۵Ŀơ
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ķָоɲǣ˲ķʧķֻ첲ֱӻָ˴ϻ֮ǰӡ
ƫƫķĸ֪Уڣֻ֪ҪͿʱ³Լ˫֮ϣ
ڣȴѾ뵽˽ָУ
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ûָ֮ǰ۱Ϊǳٵںͽָϵ֮۲Żָԭģ
۱ϢͬʱָͨķԺС
ķһʱЩ㶡
Ϊ֣ԭ۾Ȼһװ֮һ
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⻹ķһ˵
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ϵöָƺװĺ
ķ̧ܵؿ˿ָͷϴŵĽָһʱֻԼ·һĴţ


143 鲻֪һ
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ķһ˵ţһ߿ʼ¸Լĸ첲ϡ
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ʧʱ򣬱Ǳǽָ֮ڣֻķĸ֪Уַȫͬڿռַá
Ϊڱ֮ķĸ֪ǾѾһ֣
ͬڿԼ˫ֺ˫һĶ
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ҶȻ΢΢һЩȷ׷ʵ˼˵ڲϵǰΪǰ£׵ԭķؼȻѡķؼ
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ԭķػ֮ǰҶȻⱲӵ룬Ҫܹ֮Ϊһڡ
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ķػػ֮ĵһ죬Ͱͻƽ뵽ʦľ硣
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Ѿãԭ֪Ҫ೤ʱ⣬Ȼôֱӭжˣ
գգ۾ǰķһûûεЦݣ뵽ĵεΣҶȻͻȻӿһĪ
ƺΪҸ
ҶȻȻԼۿЩʪԴļ֮ôǵһ˵ı
šɫҲˣϢɣȻȥˡǸ㻹ǺúҪôȥӦɡԿóƶǸùǴ飬ҿɲ㡣
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˵ǳķ˻Сȭͷ
ֻСȭͷûӼ£ͱķһץס
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ҶȻͷһȻ֣ķޱȿɶҪﾹѾûκηеһӦȻڿǣ
ϴķ¶ȣһʱЩĻҡ
ˡҡҽЩۣԺ˵ɡ
ҶȻ˲æѿķ֣ȻѸٵĴķԷţе˳ȥ
ôƺЩĶӵļơ
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Ժ˵ɡ
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⡭ζʲô
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լԺʱ쳹ķޱȵЦ
ʱҶȻո߳լӣȻķǷЦ󣬶ʱķլӵſפ
ŤͷһķԷλãϵ̬ǺһƬᡣ


144 ǰϦ
ҶȻ֮Ĺϵȡ˾޴Ľһķ˷ܲѣȻոձǶԻۼȡ˼ȫڵԪķһɨƣ̬֮ٴοʼ˶Է˲
뵽˵ڶ׶εķѾԪȥӯڵѨ
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ʱ㣬ʼռֲиĽпޣҲҪʱ䣬ܹһ˸Ѩȫӯ
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ݽָԺеЩϢһװ׿ָĻһɡ
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װĶ˲żĴٽáôҪʼ취ġܽһװȫˣ
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ڶ糿̫ķԼ˫ۣ㷢ֻ֣һϵʱ䣬ԪȻҪӯһȫµѨˣ
ٶȥ㡭ĻֻҪµʱ䣬ɷ˲ڶ׶εˣ
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ûһŶѪҲ׷״˯ķԺﳿ˷׷ͬķŶȥ׼緹ѪǸķ󣬺ķһ
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ⳤϻԺ˶ΧһԲΣмȴǿճһĴĿյء
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ȻĿѾļҶķĳƺȻϰߵġү
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ķǶǵĻش
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ķıһиˣ
ļڣķԼ⣬ûκ֪λ˵Ĵڣ
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һһԭ˵˼СоĵطҲȫ˵ͨˣ
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146 Ը
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ˣһжڳźõķչҾüȻүǱѾҪȥģôǾͿ԰ȫľϣ˵Ǻ°
ܹܼٴǷ΢Цѵˡ̳м֮λĵһʱ¹ĺԸ𣿡
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ķ˵ŤͷҶһۣ˵ҲҪʲôҲδΪͽߵʱܹѧٶҲȫҪԼǱ˴ƽͺáϵʱɲӵġ
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ţķ˫ڶ̨ϲͣɣҶĴԱȫſգ׵׵ĳķǾ׵ĶַС

˵Ǳߴļլڳ֮󣬱»ص˷Ŀͷ֮ڡ
ķϳѾڿͷȺ˸һ棬ķϳ˱㿪ڵѾϵĹʶٰһڹͬʱһʦһµʱ֮ڣεǱڣǱΣ
㹻ˣҾöôˣļլڣûпκܹвĴڡʮѪ⣬ļսȫԺԲơ
ǱļҵЦǺǵ˵
һɵģñķϳҲ֮ࡣ
ô˵˴жĹӦʮþȵģΨһҪǵ⣬ֻж֮Ӧξ첻ۼĳǣԼİȫ֮⣬֯ӦҲһСݵ㣬Ҳº֯ĳԱɣôʮþȣһֱҲǺõġ
ûȻ֧ԮҪһҵʱܹʱ䣬Ժúõĺϼƺϼơں֯Ǳߣһȥϵ
Ǳļҵ˵˵ͷ·뵽ʲôȤһ㣬Цˣ˵ӦļլԵģļλǵү
Ŷô
ٺ٣ΪƭװԼֻǳ˰ڳһ̨⣬Ĺֱ̼޷ݣҶûֱӰˡ
ǾͲˣִСʳǡֵֻ֪ү㻹ָʲôϢ𣿡
ǵӣ治֪ļôܰԼһģˣˣȥҸĲģϺú֣ʲôգ˵ɡ


153 ˣ
ķԺĹѾӽβ
ڳڵĶ죬Ķ̳ʱҪķĹУҲܵĽԼĶԱҶĸ
ڶͬʱķ᲻ͣһЩ⣬ڽʱķûпҶһۣ·ʼֻڽһ㣬ҶȻǷǳףЩֻ˵ġ
ǶʱЩСɵãʩչѪʽҪעĶʩչѪʽķûκαĽϸ
ʵǳҶ֮⡣
ԭķڴӦԸԵʱҶȻȴҲûʦͽ֮ĻҪѧЩվѷǳ
οѪʽһʦļֱֵͻʣҶ鼤ʵϲûб̫ģֻֻܶѧһ㣬Ǻõġ
û뵽ǣķȻĺޱ
Ȼûʦͽִ֮ڣֱЩʦͽҪϸģ
ֻһζ죬Ҷջȴʵĸоţ
ķķ˱ʱ䣬ǽɺ󣬿ǰ͸ˮϸҶһʱжĪ
ûʦͽ֮ȴޱĶдڣͬõôͬʱóеκӦóеΡ
ʵҶܵ˾޴Ĵ
ķƽϸ۲һһģĴյҶȻǰûκҪͬн˼ҶȴĬĬ˾
ķҲáҲգҪķʦͽ֮
ˮ֮ҵӿȪ౨ο⴫ҵ֮飡
ˣ̨㣬Լְɣ֮ģҾͲ׼ˣ㵱ôʦ͸˰ɣҪǶЩ㲻Ļȫ͸ļңܺӣļҶ߲ܣȨ㽻ѧˡ
ķеϸױһĵݸҶȻŤͷͬҶ˵
ǣģ֮ģԼﱸֻǡ
ҶͷЩ˼Ľ˵ֻǴѪʽ̫Ī⣬Ȼչʾķǳϸ£ֻǿһЩƤëѣԡǻҪƼΡ
ұҲҪһЩ޹أڼܹ޵սڵʵǿǴĻʱڲٷʲôʵı仯£ȡķʽѵѡˡ
ķͬҶ˵꣬¶ֺõɫҶȻԣЦе˵ϸѾ˺ĽıߣȻķ룬ԺʺʹáڶĹУص㣬ϸĽܶһЩһսͶȿ𵽳䲻Ч
ţȷʵָУѽҵĸоܺá
ҶȻ˵ͷ
ǡûʲô
ķһڴʵ
Ҫʲô
ҶȻķһۡ
ʲôаһ£һ¡
ķָָԼա
ҶȻ΢΢ͷ촽ϵĵ˵ͷ
ķɵô£ʱϲԭҲֻϰʹȻѣҶȻֽѵѾõĽˣȴû뵽ҶȻȻͬ⣡
˷֮£ķʱ̲סҪյҶȻϣһ׷
ֻŸҶȻȻתֱߵŶԣŶС֣˵߰ɣŶҽһЩĽȥ
á
Ŷ΢΢һҶȻ£ԵĸҶȻȥ
ͬʱŤͷͬؿķһۡ
ιʲô˼ҡһû׵
ķĿɿڴĿѾ׿ҶȻһʱ̲סе
ŰɣԺл˵һ׵Ҫһ׷ô۰
ҶȻͷҲص˵ŶѾں˼ƣʼŶһЩĻ
ȿȡ٣λδޣйеġȽ϶ԣǼҷƶƴӵĵ䷶Ĳǿǣ
ķԱć̬ҶǿסЦ⣬յķԣС˵
ķĿҶһۣû˵Ҷӣ¥ſڵĹ깫
ٺ٣Ϊ˷ƶҸ깫͹깫ˡ˵ˣʵڲУҲշƶ檵ģǲǺǱ㲻õģҾͿ˵ֻλδޡǾҪԼƽˡ
˵һ飬Һƶ֮䣬ʲôûСҪߣͱ飬򣬱ҷ˵ֱӰȥ
ķһЩĿ˲ԶҶȻһۺſڵ˵
һҪߣҶʱʵ


154 վ
һʱҶסķլԺС
ÿ糿̫ոҶӴȻԺһ߳ĳ
һ£ķԼѪҲʱҶȻǻŶһ׼һ緹
ܳϻҪҪķլԺలżʹӣԱķܾ󣬱Ҳֻά״
ķϰŶȥЩ飬ʵԺΪڲ̫ͬ鲻Щ޷εȥ֪
ԱҲֻŶЩۡ
ھԺסһЩˣЩȴҲҪŶȥչˣСѾͷҲûоʲôһĵط
ֻÿ׼ʳʱҪ׼һЩ
ΧһΧ緹Ὺʼ
ԤеܻʣķٴȫͶ뵽˿֮С
ʱ䣬רŽһζ죬Ŀģ˽̵Ҷ⣬ҲΪܹļҸǿһЩ
ڶ֮ķһʱ䣬Ҷһϸµġڶ췽ļԼĽѧ
ķĻ˵ⲢΪʦڴҵ󣬶ͨһַʽҶһĳ͡
ڸ͵ԭȻҶڽϰʽĶʱɵЩȫ͸ļҡ
һһӦҪĶȫҶгﱸǰ֮£ķķʽͣҲӦ֮⡣
˼ʦͽ֮һЩϣȻҪһЩΨˣء
ֻǶҶֽܾԵȣ˵ΪԼʵռıˡ
˴ʦͽĹϵҲ̫뷨ķֲԸΪͽֻһһȫ
Ϊ׵ЩļҸ߲˵ͬΪռıˡ
ΪļʲôûгԴԴϵڵõһЩ
ЩУֻǺ׻ߺ׵ĲΣһеľƷ
ļЩȴǸպʺʹã
һµʱǵõЩĻֵ㣬ͲѾļҳȫۣ
οĶֵԶ޷ĺǵмۡ
ͬ˫ΪԼռ˵ǲ
ƫƫ˫ԵĽǶȥĻǵ뷨Ҳûʲô
ļС壬ܹһĽײεĶʦԴԴϵظṩµĻ췽ҹ̷һ顣
ͬҶȼ˵߲ߡ˵ȴҲ͵ĶʦܹõǰѧϰᣬκһʦҲϵڱһĻ
Ķ֮ʱķͬѪһǱޣҶͨķȥϤѧЩ
ҶȻʱʵ̫죬ѾЩε״֣Եǲȥľ硣
ķǱ޵ʱҶȻŶӻѧ𣬶Ŷָ㡣
һµʱҶʵоԼջ񣬼ֱҪȹȥʮʱջһ𣬻Ҫ޴
ڴѪʽ
ķڸЩϵļԼ֪ʶ൱һֶҶδŵģ
ҶԼԭڶ⣬ķһµʱ̸Ķֱǵ߸Եģ
Ҷ˷ܵǣͨһµѧϰĶˮƽͻͽͬʱҲͻԼڶϵƿ
סķլԺĵڶʮ죬һγɹʩչЩƵĴѪʽɹĶһƷ״ﵽ˺׵
Ҳʹ˳ΪһġײεĶʦ
ȻҪʦĵȼĿǰ޾ǲˡ
ҲҪͻһ󾳽磬ﵽĲ֮Ԫܹ֧ȥ׶ʦĵȼ
ԴﵽףҶѾ㣬Ժ·Ҫˡ
Ҷջ޴ķͬһµǱջķᡣ
һµʱ䣬˽̵Ҷ⣬ķȫľ˶ڷ˲Уҹĥ£һѨĳӯ졣
ѾеʮѨȫӯ֮˶ʮе
ȫԪ˲ˣķ߾粢ûκα仯ķܹظܵԼһǰҪǿ࣡
ǿһֺصǿ
ԪۣټķȻֻߣһﵽĲΣԶ֮ϵľԼصĸ򣬶ԶߵĽޡ
ʹµǰֻƷߵľ磬ܹӳʵսȴҪԶԶ
Ϊ˲һ̥ص״Ҳ⡣
ҲһµʱסļңҾסķլԺȻûв뵽˵Ŀ޵Уһµʱ䣬ȴǽլԺһжĿ
ΪһڴǬĴεķǼʶ㣬ˣҲɱһţ𾪵Ըӡ
ÿ죬ڸ־жɹΪԺһУƺÿʱÿ̶ԭ⣡
һȺóȥı̬
һóԼĽۡ
ûκα仯ĻǱ޻һֱȥ
Ǹոճһµʱ䣬ķӵһòͣϢ
˺֯ϣܹӶפڵɱ֡
ڵõϢĵһʱ䣬ķ֪ģվˣ


155 С
պ֯ع涨ǷԽɱֱнȡȻǰɡ
νԽ񣬱ǳǰɱ޵񣬱һһɱȥɱʦεĵˡ
ȻҲǲɣϣʵǹãǿִеĻдʧܿܣ񣬱Խ
ķһǸɱʥͽ񣬶ڵʱѾķ˵һԽ
ֻ֯ڣص⣬ǿҲɱ֣ԴɱʥͽǸһԽҲֻܽȡ
֮ϵɱ֣֯һǵɱֲû̫ϸȥƿء
һɱֵռ֯ɱľųɻҪһЩ֯Ĳ֣ϵɱ֡
Ҳֻдﵽϵˮ׼ܹõ֯ɡ
ֻһǵĻϸʵֻǺͺ֯һֺ״̬
ﵽ˺֯ɱҪı׼˺֯ڲĹʽԼصȻͨ֯ṩЩȥȡ׬ȡӶ
֯һɱֵӶУȡκζķֳɡ
ͬһɱʹú֯Լź֯ͷҪÿͬ֯һʹ̶ķãõĶ٣ݵȼĲͬͬ
ֻдﵽϣ֯ɣ֯ڲĺĳԱŲȥʷá
һԵõ֯ΨһҪģӶֻῪʼ̶ȡһķֳɡ
ֳɵıȻǲ͵ģѾﵽǼĺɱ˵ǮıԭҲôҪ
ǿطʽܹ֯ڶʱѸٵ͹ģȫûǰ㣬ҪȥԭʼĽ׶Ρ
Ұԭ֮ƣѸͷչ
˴ķòֹǱ޵Ϣ㲻һԽ
ķȫҪϱͿд
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һϱͻںڲһ̡
ʱɣڲ᰸ûɵĻڲᰲŸǿɱ֣ǰսᣡ
̣Ҫϱɱ֧κζķãԶһǵɱȡϱѾΪǵһϰߡ
ΪˣɱֲĿĲݵͷŻƬԽ
ȻķһΣȴûнϱ
ļլԺһ·ûκעĵǼլԺ̵ʱȷݺķ뿪լԺ
Ҫ͵ĳǳڣְ֯ŷǳϡٵԵʣԷķʽ϶ǹģֻɱֱԼȡĵصͷء
ܶǳڣɱֽȡķʽɱԼ֯ȫ
뿪ưլԺķǵĽֵĿĵתһһЩ棬ڼʳڳЩģһֱ˰Żļլ
ڻ֮ǰķһ˼վ˾
Էкۼھݵڽ١
зյģһú֯ô˳ױ׷鵽ļҵϡ
ûκε֤ݣ֯ҲǹٸǵжҲҪ֤ݣֻǻɣ㹻ˣ
ַճֵĸʲڽۼ£ķջѡ١
ڻصļ֮ĵһʱ䣬ķȥĵլӡ
鷿кĽһ̸֮ķŻԼԺӣԸһʹӣͬҶһȥһ˳
һֱҹҶʹӲŷļլ
ڻصļլ֮ʹӲδصǸҶһסķլԺС
˵ڶ죬һ糣ļڶûбֳ쳣ĵطһЩȽеˣȻһ˿ŵա
ȻȷܾƺҪд·
죬ͬ۵顣
һǳڲõĳҹѲʱһ˴ŵСʧ
ĳһҹѲãظЩ
һЩ෴ҹѲϱ©
ھڲʱδѵ״̬ƽλƢơ
֪˷˴ȴҲû˸ҵ
Щεǣ˽õݻרټ¼Ҫ˽½һЩ
ϸؿ˿ǿ鱻©ҹѲ򣬻ȫļҵķΧЩٱҲ˾ͷ
ļΧΰ״á
ļһıԳϻ壬ԸĹ´һͷϵҪ
Ҫݺܼ򵥣ؽΪ͸ЩһͣĹڵĿ֧ȡһȵǮڳڸ¥УѡЩϲģ롣
󣬹ǻԴбΪͻĳǰ¥֮ڣһ
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ڣﵹҲֻ¥ڵĵطΪѣԵҲóҲ
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չҪǼÿĶࡢĶࡣ
ӢڣӢҵֵסЩˮŮӣοЩʶĳˡ
һϣǵҵƻεϨǳض뵽˳˯֮С
һȺϢļլ֮⡣


156 ҹϣ
ӣǳؿʼ˯ʱһ
ķڶԼլԺУЦеĿԵҶȻ٬˵
ҶȻûֻļլΧ֮ڵĶ
ʱļլԺ峤լԺķЩϸ΢Ĺ⣬ѾԺ
Ȼֺڰȴļȫ뵽֮С
෴ÿһסլļˣʱʵû˯
ҹ֮У˫۾עţӦǻᷢһЩ飬ֻû֪ᷢʲô
ķͬĽйͨĹУҲûнгֻǸģвļĴ·ǰһЩ׼üΪ˸һЩҪ
ķû˵̫ϸ̬ȷǳ࣬ıԥѡţǵڶСµķ
ڽϣļլھסġûսĹ²εԱûסլ֮ڣǷɢ¥֮С
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ҹҪıˣǴͨЩ˵ķ࣡
٣ǻҪȶã۳žѾǺҹˡ
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ķָָԼԴ䣬լӵķϣȻһ죡
ˣߣ
ķǰһ˶ʱϵһַǳصֱĳլӵķӶȥ
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ֻźޱʩչķȻӵƷھķ裬һʱ䶼޷ķ֮ľ룡
÷Ҷ׹ķͬʱҲǱ𶯡
һ첻ǾķլԺˣѪ̵ԺͬʮӰھͬʱһʱٶȳլԺķӶȥ
ͬʱլԺЩӵ߻ʦΪļˣҲʼĵլӷ£
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ʱĵլԺٶ˾£ԺӵУԺһʱ俴Щӵ
˵Ķ棬լӵſڴȴֻվˡ
һ֮⣬Ϲܼ˰Ȼվĵǰԭ͵̬ѾӢͦȡ뷢԰ףһȴǿ͡
Ȼû¶κζʵȴɻĺܡ
ΪϹܼʵԶʦ޵
ӦڵĲΣֻ嵽ǼƷڣĲö֪
ɻǡϹܼΪʲôӵǿ
֪ϹܼҺǿĵĸϹܼǿҲӦòᳬƷʦĽ޲Ŷԣ
ǷţһȺͻϮլԺϹܼǰ±ӭһͷӲӲĺȻһƣһƶǿԪȴǳ׵׵ĵ߸ԭϹܼҵ֪
ֻȻڲʺȥ飬ǰͻϮİٶˣķҹ˵ģֵı˰ɡ
һԺѸٵתͷȻЩЩ˵ǿʵվǰ׼ҲԤϵ˻ᷢʣԵνš
ϹܼҵͻȻȻҲǳԷ֮⡣
ΪԷͬڼǿߣڱϹܼһƱ˺һʱҲЩ㶡
ǰٶȫԺͣ
ôһͣ͵ʱ䣬ļլһֱڴǣѾȫ˹


157 ҹУ
ǳϣƺ׼أ
ٶ˾棬Եվ˵ǰ
ʱڵģеһ
ҲǷźϹܼҶһƵڼǿߡ
һ֮£ƽɫվϹܼռ˵䲻ıˣʵ廹Ҫ΢ǿһЩ
㲻׼ɣֻļСȴҲ׸֮Ȼ˶ˣҪ׼ЩȥЦ
ոոϵķߵĵԣһ΢Цſ˵
еĺǼȫ￴˿־ôһСĹǾȻѾȫΧľصˡ
ֻΧǵˣȻǵһЩȴҲûж١
ټϴ˴ж֮ǰЩҲļӵеЩ˽⣬ԾܿǱΧţԾɷǳ򶨣ûгκλҡ
ķӣǺһǰʱӣЩͬءļҾȻӵһڣһǰ̽飬ʵ©ĵطҶʵʵ˹ء
ڵΪ̾˵
Ȼǰǳ֮⣬Ļ֮һ־ƿصš
⸱ӡƺǵ׼⣿
ķԴĺʵ
ȻҪȻȷʵһ֦㣬˵һڶѣûжʵʵ塣Ҳô֪ģڽ顣Ϊǰ׼ҲûκôھԵʵǰνġıֻЦѡ
˺ν˵
ˣҪϻˣൢһЩʱ䣬һֵķաȻļ˿ҲѾۼ͸Ͻְɣ̵ʱ佫ɱ⣬ѰҶ֮ҪǱκηӦĻᡣ
Եһͬǳ
Ƕ˵Ķ໰Ϊ
໰ĺƺͬĶɵܱѵ⣬ȴҲûκŭɫֻΪεĴӦһ󣬱ʱ´˹
ǰˣ֮ĴһȻɢֿͬʱΧЩոոϵļ߳ȥ
һʱ䣬Ԫ¶˾Ȼȫӵʦľ磡
ڵԪķһʱжϡ
ĴƷʦҵˮ׼ǿġ˴ﵽ˾Ʒʦľ磡
ȻһУķǰһʱ䣬ҹɫԼǰЩˣȴķĳͬĴ
ʱ䣬һжûб仯
Щ˶棬˫֮⣬ûκĲλ¶ǰĻ棬ķԺȴϤ
ɢΧļ˳ȥӣķһÿÿج֮еĿˣ
һеżͻĺֻɪɪĶ˵ĿǱЩˣе֫롣
һеҹм䣬ŨġԶⲻĺ⣬ֻʮĿ־壡
־͸衢ꡢһÿÿҹλоѣ·ҹֻѪһĺɫ
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ʵޱȲ̵ĸػ֮ʱһУͽ͡
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ÿһ쵱һȥɹ
仰ķػ顣
رǣҹķǱһʱǰ֮ʱֿ־弸ЩܲסҪ衣
Ϊıʣ·ӡ֤ĵһڽĳΪԶȥһεʵ
ˣķԼػʲô壬ʲôȥɡ
վǴôһ˿ҡ
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ֻͷʼŵһƬƾɢȥȻҹȴϡ˵һɷ;
Ǿҹ֮Уźһº˲ʱķȴͻأĴЦ

Ц泩ѹͷĴʯ˲䱻ῪķЦУˮ
ػȷţԼܹıһСʹһˣ


158 ҹ£
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ڼĺ´֮ͬһ֣֮ƣٶȣǰļ˸㶨ʱķȴ쳣ͻȻĴЦ
ǴЦǴЦʱԵΪ졣
ڸҪڼĺˣʶͬʱͣסԼĶ
ֻ۾ֵͬԻɫ
ϹܼҶһƵĺ̲סǳ
ЦͶȴأԲ֪ЦΪһоգʵȴǵӵж˽⡣Ц̫̣ޱȵʹ࣬Цֶ̫ʴȣȥֲһеĻᡣ
ķһ߶߶˵ţһҡҡͷ
Ҫϻˣսپ
֪ǲΪķͻĴЦͷĺ˶ĳЩôõԤС
Ϊ׵һͺǣֱӳķ
ԷֻڹŪ飬ôֱȻõѡ
ֻҪܹһֱĪ˵һЩļһһɱˣԼǱӦóֵһ˿ҡ¼ᶨ
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ź죬˳Ĭķɱ΢Цɢ˵
ߣȻҪ˵Ѫұȫ㣡ǽҪֻѣ
ֵĺһôоԾȴҲֳֺܱ
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ֻһСĹ̽ĺ˾̲סŭ
ʵϡ⻹ķ
ЦݲûκˣֻǵġԼĶѡ


159 ׺Ѫ
Һܺ棬ȻǶ߶սжѾ˾޴ĴôΪʲô˵ļţսжϾȷأ
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·벻ͨһ㡣
䣬˵ٴη˱仯濩һʶŤͷܵս֡
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򵥵Ŀۣȷ˵Ѫ̲ʲôΣպķһݵ¿˽ˡ


160 һһ
ڸ֮µɫʱѾѿ˼㡣
ԭ˴Űʦȫǰ˵ʧˣ˭ûεжʲô⡣
ΪʵĲƫƧط˵һڼǿߣѾƶ⣬ȴΪжɳڣ
һˣƷ״ﵽƷĸ߽ڣ
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սγܹӦԵļޣȻûκôǻƽ鷳
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ǴΧķȦ˺һȱڣԱܡ
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ͬʱҲԪҶһƷڵչ¶˳ԾģȴʹӴˣͷųƷ۷εϢǹϢ·ѾҪﵽƷڵľ磡
㡭ôҲ
ͷˣԳͻʼڣڵһʧ̬Ľг


161 
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162 
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Ӻ˳ķǰٵܹܼҿ˺˵˫ۣǰ£Ҳգ۾Ĺ
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ķǿԶͬεߣڵԪҲͬ߿ɱȵĻֻ˻ô򵥡
ķεǿ˱˹µһ֪ȥûκζ뷨תҪ롣
κηķӦȻһϹܼҲڵһʱ뵽˶һ˵Χ˵С
ûٺķ̫Ĺ򣬱㽫һ˵ɱ
ԭҪڵģκˣ̫ܵصĴ̼ƴ
Ϊ˱ֲҪ⣬˻ɱ֡
ϹֵܼǱ˹ĺԣֽ̧˴ΣֹѪŷԸѪ̽˴ĵ鷿ȥ
ʱǽԵķ§ڻ򵥵ĽһȷķûʲôΣգֻƽغԷġ
ϵսеĵȻӿʼʱ䲢㳤գȴ˿
ķ׼ȷʵ㹻֣ǶԷڷԹĸ߰ţʹǴͷβĶڷôȻܹԷ£ҲƱػܷǳҵʧ
ļΪԪˡһ겻˵
ؼǣֱڣĶļΪʲôǵĵˡ
ȫȻ֪ĸоãΪ޷֪ⳡսһսᣬһ˿־Ŀʼ
峤ڽչֳ֮ǿǴΪҵ֮⣬̾Ϊֹ
ķԸȥϵҽʦҲ׵İ֮ߵĵԣ˵
⡣
ʮѪȫչֳƷʦʱȷȷʵʵǱŵˡ
ֻžţʱѹȥ
ʱǽҲķˣȴҲûΣգһʱĵǰ
ˣʵ֪Ĳ٣ǳûʲôҪȥĻȥҵ鷿ҺúΣ
ĽԵķŵЩɫҶȻЦſ˵
д⡣
롣
룡


163 
ķӻʱڵĹߺǳ㡣
˫ЩʶҪֵǰ
ֻǶûֻǣһ¼ʹоòͣ
΢΢۾˿ͷӣķŸоʱ״ж
ÿһ缡⡢ÿһͬſ顣
µÿһ䶼ԴﴫŴʹĸо
ʹвǿң·ǧͬʱĴʹķڻָʶĵһʱ䣬̲סü
´ͷӣķƫƫͷͷ֣ҶȻһϣſĴͷߣȵ˯С
ԭҪ֧ķʱͣסȻһرԼǰƣôĿתĿҶȻΪһЩϴĶ˯еҶȻѡ
Ȼ֪ȥ˶ãǿŽߵˣķһƬͬʱҲʵޱȵ˷ܡ
ڻ֮󾿾ʲô֪ϮЩˣѾȫ˸ɸɾ
ô˵ȷȷʵʵıˣ
һУļұȺţ⣬˾
һͨŬͳ׼ȴɹؽЩȫ
ԼߵʧԺԡ
Σⶼػĳɹһŷǳش壡
ӱŵȳζ˲һɲ䣬ζѾƿ֣ζԺشڿΪζΪ˺ҲڿȥһȫµպȫµĽ
ķζһУ
šţˣ
ķڴϣأ˼ŵʱſڴϵҶȻ˯
һ˯ûһ˶ãһֱչ𣿡
ķЦ˵ͬʱ˫֧
ʹĸоǿңȴû͵ļޡ
Ϊ˲ҶȻൣģķȻҪžֳ
һϰˣҹ赹󣬼ҽʦ㿴˿˵㲢ûʲô󰭣ֻƱȽءͨƻ˵ͨܿԻָҾͰ˻ҹ黹кܶĶҪټ㲢ûд󰭣Ҳûиš
ҶȻվȻƽܹоõķò
ȷʵ൱ĺҪȥţε飬䱳ӦһŴֻص㣬ߡǴӵеһϵĺˣͲֻʵ
ķ˵ͷ˴ֱߵԷĴǰ۾Ŵ߹յĽ
£Ѿȫɢȥ
ӭһѵõĺļҲӭǵ
㾿֪ٶЩ˵飬˽٣
ҶȻķʵ
֪ʵĲ࣬ǵԼ֮ԻᷢԭʵҲһͷˮ״̬֪˽飬ʵֻһǾϣǻᶯ֡
ķתߴӴصҶȻϣʼ磬Ц˵֪˵ţʵҲ֪Ӧͬ͡
Ҳû̫ĺģֻ˳¶ѡȻ㲻֪ô˵Ǳ㲻˵ˡĲͳĿǰڵ㣬衢ҶܹܼǶǱߣȻѾˣҲûʲô󰭣Ǿ͹ȥɡֻǿºѽĻش𡣡
ҶȻ˵ţѾԷţͬʱ˸ȫչ¶ķߵС
ãҹǱҲкܶණҪңͷ۰鷳ѾʣµĶֻЩϸ֦ĩڵѣͷۣҲĸԸ
ķߵҶȻԣҶȻļ·˶ҪҶȻһ㣬΢Цżһȥɣվҵδޣ飬ҲҪӴģʼսԼ֮⣬ԺĻҲ鷳
˵ľʵ̫ҶȻܹظܵķ
ܲᣬҶȻԾʶҪһķһЩ롣
ֻǶûҶȻͷԼĺѾǽϣķһֱֻȻԱߵǽϣԭ;뼫ķֽһֻ֧ǽϵ˺Ȼǰ㣬˶ʱ˸ܽӴ
֪ΪʲôŽߡǼ·ҪԼıķҶȻЩ¡
ǷǰȻһ߹ȥˣǴʱ˿̣ȴȫȻûκ뷨ֻķЩܵĶ
ô£һһΪϻˣҲ˵ĸԣһ
ҶȻš
ôһȥɣոѹΪȥ·ϣҲҪи˷ҡ
ķЦŸҶȻһɡ
ǡǺðɡ
ҶȻ΢΢ͷӦ


164 һҩʦ
ҶȻͨլԺС·ϣķľڼǰʵѾ˾޴ı仯
ŶͰ鲢ӰҲլԺҶȻ˵˺һľͳլھҪʲôȥҶȻͲˡ
ķҲûжʡ
ֻǱ˫֣һεƵš
Ȼ¶ʹ֣˿ޱȵɡ
ػʼѹʯͷױ飬ķȻⷽı仯
֤ԼһˣȻǿͨŬȥıķֺƾԾɵĳо
֮ǰһֱǱʶĲţʹעʼնļ֮ڣڼȥķĿȻȻıԽǡԽ˶ɽԽ˴Ǭ
˵ɹĴĿ֮ػſĿʼ
񡭡ܿģ
ҶȻ۽ǵʼעķķһ·ʼձĳʶЦݣɵĿʵ
ȷʵܿģΪڴǰһΣǸޱȵʵȴޱȵĲ̣Һܺ£һгΪʵڣǸվֻ˶ѡ
ķһǶǵķʽ˵
ҶȻûҲܹܵķֺºҵٴγĬٶʡ
ķġͺˡ
˺ܿĵլԺʱլԺﲢûκļҵʹӣֱѪլԺſڡ
ķҶȻѪȻǸæķҲЦŻźҶȻһլӡ
լӵĴڣĴϹܼңͬԼҶϣÿһ˶üͷӣͨĲ⡣
ķҶȻ˽˵Ŀʱȫķϡ
ţ˺õˣ
Ŀʵ
ظ׵ĻѾöˣӦò˼죬ܹȬˡ
ķ΢΢Ƿشֳ˼
ڷҶһסһµʱ䣬ˣȻҲͲôס
ķãǺ㸸ѾһϣȻŷ֣㸸ڣ˾Ȼȫһͷˮÿһ˶ǰҪ󣬲İţºȥݣȴ֣ԭ˭ûиԭ֪ΪʲôȺˣʲôͷ
üͷ˵
Ϊ֪ĶǶ٣ͬȺ˵ʲôͷҲͬףȺΪʲôļҶ֣ҲͲ֪ôȥ˵ʵΨһ֪飬ǻᶯ֣ԼǴ㶯ֵʱ䡣
ķһ˵ţһߴҶȻѿŵȥ
ⷬ˵ȻＸ⡣
ķĻشüͷĸˡ
֪ţʵˣΪʲô֪Ƕֵԭ򡭡
ϣķһڻǾ˵һֵݣ飬ȷʵɻȥ
һжܵһĽͣΪҪԹٷݼȥ׷飬֪Էһʧ֮󣬻᲻ʲôĶ
뵽ķ˿˵ΪǺ֯ǵɱ֣Էж֮ǰҲ﷢صҲŻǰ֪ʱһϵеİš

ͬʱ¶㵵ɫ
ĺϹܼûκı¶
Ϊ˶֪ķ仰ʵڰǰķŸ⵽˺֯ɱֵİɱһɹؽ֯ɱַ²
ǴӺ֯ȡϢΨһĽֻͣķʱһֱαװ֮ǰ֯ɱֵݡ
˵ĻǣĶɾ͸ˡ
ȻЩķ֮Ǻɵؿ˿ķ֮ſڵһὫϱǱߣȻ¼Ĺģ󣬵ԷĿȴ̫ӣҲ̫ǴǬٷһ㲻õģпǱֽ߽е飬ǿҲüֱ֣ϱǣ֮£һļһ
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ķվ𣬳ǷǷ
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еĲ豭һں󣬽˵ǶԻѾʱﱻ޸ˣĶˮƽȻ˾̾һ⣬һһǳĺ棬Ҳʵ޷⡭ΪʲôļҵѪ̣ȫӵоƷʦҷǳȷǣڰ֮ǰǻûǿʱʲôټλϹܼչֳƷڵķǷ֪ʵʵѾҳˣ
ⷬ˵ĺƽζȴǶҲá
طʵ˹ٷһɻ飡
ᵱôֱ˵ȴҲ֤ﱾʵû̫⣬ӦûǺһЩ
ķº󣬿˵س˵ĻҸʵһֱһԸǾϣܹ壬ڽĳһ죬»ص
Ӧ֪ǴǬڷɢļңʵֻǾļҵ֧ΪָԭĳһʱϣļϡǳڷϢġ
ҪﵽػؾĿģʵȻǳҪҲҪӵǿߣܳӵлȥʸԡȷʵһֱı
ҵȻ֪ЩҲеļ֧һֱŬĿʲôֵĲһ㣬ֵǣôġ
ķٴγһðĹƺ¶˾İ㣬ڻشΪҲö죬ͬʱһˮ׼ߵҩʦ
ʲô


165 ġš
ţе֮·Ͻɣ·Էˮ򵥡
еѧϰҩͬѧϰһһҪκ˼ͷУֻһ飬ܹеĵΪá
Щָܹ˼룬ʹûпǹͷȴܹصϣ飬ĪС
ͬҲűû߻ûüȥչԼ츳Ѿոһյıڴĵ·УԼĥ
ֻҪһȺܻиְҵ֮ĸߵ͹֮֡
Ⱥʣͳ磬ȻͬڣȺ˵ȴȫȻûκв
ʹκһ࣬޷ͨȥѹȡɾ͸кС
ΪȻ飬ûκս塣
Ȼⲿ߱ĻȺԱὫصתƵȺڲ
ΪʶǿҡͬʱҲ̵壬Ϊͬѹκϵϰ
綼ȺĽսìܵ嵱ȻͻⲿȫתƵڲС
Ǻݺͽ׼Ĳ죬ǿߺߵķֱ𣬽ȺѳΪߺͱߣȻõİ취
ֲ֮УȺӡν̬ְָҵͻõͬۡ
۸ߵְҵõ˵۵͵ְҵΪ˲ԸΪ֮ѡ
£ֵ뱻ûȣԶֻһС֡
ÿһ߱츳ͬעܹȡóɾ͵мĲͬռᶥְҵϡٵֻôо߱츳Ͳ߱츳ˣ᱾ܵؽȫľͶ뵽С
ܹȡóɹˣ϶ӵ֮١
һ׿Խ츳ˣмĿܣ˷ǲó֮С
ӵ򲻶ϳ־ž֮ӵ˲ŵ㣬ֻƾűĹʼǿά֡
ϵķչķֻͻԽأášʻ㣬𽥵ĳΪһֱ׼ĸߵ
ΪǵĳȻڼʵǬĽڣʲôվǼʶ㣬ȻҲš
ӡУЩ˾̾ļһҲֻĳһҪڣӵ޷󼰵츳
Ͼκһ򣬲жô˵츳Ҫߵ۷壬ƱҪͶеľ
ҪͬʱչˣﲻûмյĽȫ򾡽ƽӹ⣡
˵ķ˵Լһˮ׼ߵҩʦʱʵһ
ķĶˮ׼жߣȻҶ̾磬ټ䵱ǰͣĶ츳Ȼš
ԭΪķӦǽȫľ˶ԶϣܹڵǰϾʹﵽĶˮ׼
޵ȼȽϵͣҲ֮ˡ
û뵽ķȻһҩʦҼȻܹô̵ʱڣͽļʮѪȫƷʦĲΣҩʦˮƽҲԲ͡
ԭҩʦһ㣡
Ѳɡһλȫţ
һ㵣Ҷͷͬûκε׼
һķ󲿷ֵľĿϣ˲ķȻҩ
ԴһԺиͷ˳λͻȻһһֱûȥ⣡
ķҼǵû֮ǰûгΪ߰ɣڡѾƷˣҲ˵ⲻһʱ㲻ߵͻƣһ߾磿
ѯ÷Ҷϵı鳹׵˴֮С
ô֮ǰһֱһЩĶû̫ȥ䱾ͻȻãԼʵЩˣٲŬĻⱲ֮϶ҪʲôɾͣԲſʼרעϾǶ컹ҩնҪ޾֧ţû㹻޾磬Ҳĵ·ߵ̫Զ
ķ˵ͷûзѯʣֻǻһִҶܹܵ˵顣
չҪһЩĽͣ˵ԼΪ˺Щͳһ£ΪģĳܴڣЩһӦñ˵Ĺȥˡ
ȻķĻش˵϶¶˻Ȼɫ
ɣ̾ɡ
ķĻشֻһһĽͣȴڸ츳˵ʵ
ѾڼǰǰˡǴǬһʮ꣬ǰǣȥȡǼѧԺѾʮ˰ɣϣ㵽ʮ˵ʱҲԹȥǣѾ֪ûھˡҡܹһѧԺĻ㸸Ըʵ֣Ҳкܴİ
΢˼󣬿˵
ǰšʱһȥġ
ķ˵ͷҶȻֲһ䣺ҵδһ𡣡


166 뷨
ߵЩæ֪Ϊķ˵ԵʣѾõõĻش֮ķȥԺûõʱ䣬ʹŷǡ
ȻӱϿû̫׼ʵΪҹ飬ʵϸµİһ
ֻķʵû뵽е˳ʵռŵ£ȴǺ˵ľͽȫߣ֮ġ
Ա㵼һЩ䵽˿ճûκá
ټ֮һֱĵ鷿һֱڣҲʵ˷˲ٵʱ䣬ǸûȥһЩ
ٽЩûϵĲó
ȻҪһǣҪ콫㱨ɽ֪
Ͻǳ֮ڣȻ˱ȳǿϮȻĿ겢ǳҲԲܵģ
ڷ裬ԭǱķʱæģѹ赱Ȼüסļҡ
Щˣ˱ܲ˹һ⣬ѾˡǸ˹ģھ˽Ҫȥ𣿡
Ŀķʵ
ͷߵʱϹܼҰ͵ļլſڣԴֻʣˡ
ȻȻһŵɻ󣬵ʱϰߣķȻ˵Ҳûжʵ뷨ˡ
ôļʼնڳźõķչ
ʱȲȥˣɣ߳ÿ챣֤⣬עɱҲʲôˣ̷ֶͨΣܱʳʲôмֵϢǵòȡһЩǳİ취
ķĦԼ°ͣһڽصʱȴûв鵽˿ĽԷ֮ȻԶ
£صĲ̽ǽһЩĺá
ɣԼɣҽƻǳæһЩ飬ܿҲ˲ϣʱʲô⣬ֱӺ޾峤Ϲͨá
ĵͷ˵
Ҫæʲô
ķֵʵ
˵ģڣĻѾ˳ܹӵе£ļȻƫڣʱһЩ׼ȥչˡ
ЦЦϾһı顣
ܹǽ뵽֮ڣôļ˵Ȼͬһ
ǻỹǱܹṩķչռ䣬Զǿɱȡ
һļڿվ˽Ÿôع龩Ǳ壬ҲĲԶˡ
һ뵽ޱȹδȻ᲻˷ܡ
ھȥչ᲻Щ̫ˡĿǰǿľֻܹܼҶѣƷڵʵ߿ڿռһϯ֮أվǹڱЩټǹȥĻûκεĸ»ױԵ
ķ΢΢üû뵽Լĸ׻ļС
ԲҪ㹻׼İɣҲھͽǨƣҪȰҳ׵̵Ǳȶһ󷽣ȻпǡʱһȰһֻСӣǰ֮ڣȡһ棬ٷǨơ
ĽԼ뷨µ˵˳
ķ˼һȷĵ㻹׺üͷ΢΢չ
ȻˣʱҾٶһЩҩüһЩȻΪ˻Ժķչ룬ְ鲻̫ࡣСûʲôģǸܹܼҡ
ܹܼΪĿǰǼĵһ֣ôĻҲѾ㹻ֻ֮ǰھ˵Ӱ죬ŵʵƱ֮󣬾ʱĻ壬ܹܼҵҲӦѾһʱڽܹܼҵľƷڵĲΣܹܼұɶӰ졣
ķܹܼңЦ˵
ܹܼҸæǷ
ǵ˵ͷͬķ˵
֮ĵѯʹܹܼЩ飬淢չĳ̶ȣҲûбҪȥЩܹܼ֪޲ԣԼϸͬĽһ顣
ܹܼҵĽ֮ףΪʲô֮ǰܹܼҶķģǰĳ㡣
ڸסϾǼĵȻ˵ļҶڼʵʵûʲôҪ󣬵̫СĻҲվЩ˵ԽĵһĿ꣬ƷʦĲΰɣܱܲѪС̫಻ǡ
ķٺЦ
ĺһûеͷȴҲûзԡ
ÿɷ̬ȣζĬ
ûʲôĻô˰ɣ⻹һأûȥ
Ӱ𣿡
ûʵ
ĳЩͦ󣬲ĳЩֻҪȻһֱңҲûɶˡ
ķ϶ΪЦݣҶȻ˵
ģҶȻɱʮ


167 Ŷļ
峤լԺ»صԼլԺ·ϣķܾҶȻ
ֱļʹʱ޿̲ٳŵĴʹķЩ
ƫƫ⻹ȫҵģҶȻСŮ״ʮķķֻ治ɫĳܡ
ΪҶ˵ĻķҲٻЩûӡ
ʵʱദֻ˵һĻķԴ¸ӹһЩҲֻǻõҶȻİ۶ѡ
ķһȴǵĵ棬ҶȻȻЩҲס
ôΪѵػլӣոԺ㿴ŶͰլӵ¡
Ŷһ꣬ƺȰοŶ
ֻǵı飬ʵܹоȰοȻǼΪı׾
ôŶʲôˣ
ķһֵĽǰʵ
ҶȻҲͣķĶͬ˹ĵɫ
ȻΪͣķҶȻ˵ʵǽŶԼһȥ
ʱŶӣȻΪС
УѪԵϵǵĮǳϦദ֮䣬ϵ͸ӵܡ
ү
ķѯʣŶŷķҶȻѾǰæӶվķҶȻֱ
ôǣСһˣ˭۸˲ɣϵľͲӰǻˣĵޱӣǼŶԭôһأǰȻûз֡
ķЦŴȤ
ǵүûû۸Ŷǡǡ
Ŷ촽ƺЩ֪ôڡ
˵ɡ
һԵİ鿴Ŷӣɴ廰ģһ磬ŶļˣŷǱ߹֪ģҾŶһȥˡŶ壬ǡŶĸڴǴĴҽ󣬺˵ȲˣŶһˣҪȥǰٿŶһ档
ôŶĸΪʲôڴûǴĻŶ֮ǰعһΣǸʱʲô鶼ûа
ķʱüͷ
ҲŶƺ뽫еǡԭ˵ŶֱӸȥˡŶҪȵõߡ˵̽׼ѾˣؼҵĻҪ׼ſԡ嵹ҲΪӦ飬ŷǱߵš
ƺЩһı㽫ⷬ˵˳
ô鷳мµĻȻҪȻؼȥ˵һ͵ˣϽȥʰ·ȼˡ
ķһ˿ֵζŶǸæֳķȻתææĳԼӵķȥ
ʱȥǴŶһʰ
ҲȥɣͻȻˣڼȻЩ鷢ŶԼȥĻǽˡĲ֢Ļҩˮ׼ӦÿƳӦġ˻ָƵĵҩ
ҶȻ˵
Ҳ뷨ҶȥһѪǱߣѪӻѪֻһЩҩĻӣȻֱȥŷһŶȥһˡ
ķ˵ͷŤͷҶԸ
ϣȥ
ҶӦһתլӡ
Ŷܿ´լС˳һС⣬ʲôûãҲ׼˼ϴ·ѡ
СǼеɫȻޱȵǣ׵ơ
ķٶԣתȳլӡ
Ϊվڶ֮һļڹӶʹС
ǩʹӣմǬɷ൱ǩԼһǩǩԼǻͶֻ˼ҵ˽вƲ
ǩԼԭҲûκͬǩԼ߽ϵȨ
ڱȽʴȵļڣЩǩʹӣÿҲôԻؼʡ׵ĻᡣڱȽϿļڣǱ㵱ԼһǩһӰˡ
˵ǩʹӣڴȻɡ
ǩʹڴǬɷµÿ˻й̶ʡ׼⣬ǵҲȨһЩʱֱҽ̽
嵽ļڣǩʹȻ࣬ǩʹҲÿ㶼ʹӵǰ̽
Ϊ˲Ӱ˵ӣļҾרŹһŷʹӵǰ̽ʱᱻŷڣ̽Ĺ̡
ķһ˺ܿլſڵŷ
ŷڴʹӶʱһһҪķҶȻ
һ˷ģķֻǼ򵥵ĵ˵ͷ㵱˽ȥ
ſڵʹӻ֮䲻ɵЩ
̽ʲôҪôٺͶ̶ˣ
һʹֵʵ
ӦûаŶˣŶһĹˣ
ŶǸԺǸС
ԣ̽ЩҲŶܺͶٳϹϵֻû뵽پȻôһŮԸܹһŮ塣ԺֻҪǺŶйصģǶò۾ˡ
ҪܸٵʹӣԺڼʲôóˡڼ˶˵ǰЩ֮Իֵô竰裬ȫװˣڼڲȫҲͲ踺ˡ
ŶΪʲôô˵ҽ
ٺ٣Ͳ֪˰ɣ⻰ҪʮǰǼһӿʼ˵𡭡


168 
ķŷڴʹ֮ĶԻݡ
ʵϣʹ֮ĶԻȴɺйء
ڽڲһɨƽ֮ķϹܼȥһЩˣڼڲȥɢƵ˵
Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ϊ˳׵ĸıļĿе
ڵļңڲеĴⶼѾȫ˸ɸɾ
ļҪĶѾͼǰ˼Ĳͬ
ǰļңҪıŽ
ķԼ竵ģαװļ˵һ£Ҳκλá
ȻˣȻӦóûȥıʱˡ
Ҫ̵ʱڴĿĵĻһ˴ζĹ£õİ취
ʵϣͬŷڴʹ֮еۣʱļլκһ䶼ڲͣطš
ŷڵʹһӰļһʱУ²Щʹǵ״̬
Լ¶ϵģļҷΧ֮ڵĳת䡣
Ѿٽ磬ŷҲûڣŶļǵСܽȺӣͬһʹС˵䡣
ʹӴӦ󣬱ȥʼ׼õĿ
ܿ죬һ庺Ŷһһ˳
Ŷ庺򵥵ĽķҶȻָķҶȻ庺塣
庺ûʲô棬ŶĽܣɫǻ֣̿˫΢΢Ų·ҪֱӸķһ㡣
ֻǶûѾķֹ
ѪԼѪҲҶ˹Ѿ׼ãķ΢Цſο˴庺䣬Ȼżһ
Ҷĳǰ˳ĹѪԼѪһǰһķֱվβˡ
ȥˣƥģĲ󣬲һʮֵʣȥˣҲ˿Եӵ
ֻŶ忴ľܲϰߣΪŵڳĽϣͷ̧
ýţŶǶҲǺеλģҺȻŶһȻŶĳȻҲҺȻĳһЩ͵ǺԼļһˡ
ķǴ庺ŵĶҪӣɵЦſο
壬ү̶Ǻܺõˣ㲻ôСġ
ڴ庺ԵŶͬڵ
ǣǣллү
庺Ͱ͵˵
һʵͽͻ򽻵ʵũҪǸıַĵı΢Ҳʵǲܵġ
Կοһ󣬿Ŵ庺̬ϲûʲô仯ķҲȰ˵ֱ˹Ŷ׵顣
һ庺ϱԵ¶˷ŭɫϢƵҲ΢΢ӿ죬ɫһ󣬿˿һԵŶԥ֮ɫվʲôû˵
ֻε̾˿Ȼҡҡͷ
壬ôˣҲû˵ЩѵҸˡʲô𣿡
ŶʱЩˡ
ûûʲôġСţҸ㣬˵ˣǸҲûãֻƽ׵Ƕͨƽͷգܶ£ֻ˵ġ
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㲻˵ô֪ûأŶĸΪǵʲôˣͻ롭һܴġ٣ֻҪǷΧڵ鷳⣬ûʲôҽ˵ġ
ķ΢Цſ˵
ǰ壬ļҿʵ֮һүļҵûʲôסүġ
Ŷסĵͷͬ
ûõģСţȻǼһֱֵأûʲôʶһЩĵǶá븻ļεվҲֻǮĸôҲܶĹЩүġ
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ķüëû뵽Ŷôһ
ŶǰǲǸ˵ʲô
ҶȻķӦȴǱķ죬˴庺Ļ󣬱ֱӿŶʵ
ŶС΢죬·ĺһ㣬΢΢ͷϸϸ˵ǰͼ˵ʱ򣬶˵Ĳܸļ鷳κ飬ҲܴļҵȥΪҼ˶ʵһֱˡ
㰡СԴ첻֪Щʲôүһǰײֲǲ֪
ķ׹ɵúû˵
ҡֻǲү鷳
˺ˣ֪ˣٺú˵˵ɣҪ鵽ô£֪Ҫôȥ
ţͺ˵ס


169 
ǵһ·ۣܿʻ˳š
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һֱ˳֮ٶŽ
ĵ·վǰ͹ƽģųٶȣŵҪֱӵ߳˳Ҳ˵
Ŷļڳ벻Զһ
ڳ֮ǰŶѾ·ͬݳҶϸĽһ飬Գ˳֮ûκεֻͣͣǼ˼ٺ󣬱㳯ȷķʻȥ
ֹСʱһ
ȫôéݣ忴Ϊƶ
ʵϣΧЩ䵱УѾǱȽϲˡ
ٿҼһᣬڷ¶ޣ޶
ΪĵЩӣȻũƶ֮Ĳɼ
£ԽĴӣҲԽУԽԶĴӣȻԽƶ
ʻӣڴڴֵļͯһĸ֮
ʱ磬󲿷ֵ׳ӿûʲô
֮ͯ⣬ֻѾ޷ˣڴһЩĵ£
Ӵڶ룬ĳŴβʻȥȻȻıһ·˵Ŀ⡣
ͯĺ棬ЩµˣҲ׷
ʵΪǴûмݻ
ܿ죬˴βڶӵʱͣѪ̴£˳ţڵ˰¡
ΧЩŷ׷׻Ȼ
Ϊǿһʶףӳ˳
Լ϶ô£ΧЩʲô˰
Χ۵ȺУһ˻ɤʵ
²˵̫أⲻȥŶлŶһȲ˵ˣȽȥ֡
Ŷӳ󣬳ܹ˹֣Ȼķһ˽Ժӡ
ЩۼĴǶʱʼ׷
ŶҵԺӲӵҲΪޣѪ̺ҶûнݣֻԺſڡ
ķӣ£Ժбֻһʻ㡣
ͽıڡ
ӳһųԷõӺͼ⣬ûκαˡ
ķһŶңû뵽Ŷô
һŶӣҪһЩִûʲô͵ϰߣҲȷʵûʲôܹ֧ԮĶӡ
ͷŶӶǵɣǰҲˣЩ顣ͨվǲһҪĻӻǷǳҪġ
һԵҶȻ˵
ţŶ鴦ǰҲӰɡһӵʵˣ˲֪ô˵
ķεҡҡͷ
䣬ԱŶĿ
ķҶȻһۣæԷžͿŶſڴǰŴŵ˵֣һ߿ţһߺ˵ʲô
վŶԣŶĺ󱳡
ŶһȻɫվԷĽ
ҿƾжء
ķֱߵ˴ǰŶͷȻ˴ŵӡ
ʵʵӦֻʮǳ紵ɹʹòҪԶʵʵϳࡣ
֣Ǽү֪ԺһҪԹ
ŶֲһᣬǿЦݣ˵
ԭԭү⡭ôʹáүôݣҡȿȿȿȡ
ŶĸһͻȻڴͷĿӣȻŶҵүԭҰ׵϶ʱһ˿ĺΣԵΪ˵˼仰󣬱ͻȻҵĿ
ſģǼɫЩڵѪ
ŶͺһʶľҪȥסԼ׵ͷֻǸ㱻ķֵס
ķŶ׵Ŵֵ£žŶ׵󣬽Ԫ뵽Ŷ׵֮ڣ
ҩʦҽʦԶƵĴҲȫͬġ
ҽʦβͨԲ֢ԭжϣȻ֢ҩҩڵĲ֢
ƵķʽܵصƣҽʦֻܴһЩصĲ֢
ҩʦȴֱԪԲ˵һȫĲֱ̽Ӵϣж˵ĳ̶ȺͷʽͨҩЩʧȫֲ
ӱ˵ҩʦɸӵĳףҲӵЧ
һЩҩʦֻҪûôƶôأҲǿκõġ
ֻȻ˶֪ҩʦҪԶҽʦб£ȴҩʦϡٵ͸߹ݣʹ֢ͨʱ򣬸ܵõҩʦľ
үôҸܾȻ𣿡
ķϵıʼûʲô仯һԵŶ̲סʵ
үҳ֣ôн˵⣿İɣأһҩ㸸׽ͿȬ
ķŶ׵ַŻ˴ϣ˵
̫ˣллүллү
ķ˿϶ĻشŶǷ
ķٶŶʱȴǺȻһ


170 ǿ
ôǣȥ
ķ̽ͷ£Ŷ׵ĶͷһģڵԪŶĸֱӳ˯˹ȥ
ȷʵأǱŹӣͨҽʦĻȷʵ㲻ʲô취ˡ
ΪŶ׵ˣѾٶ𻵵ĳ̶ȣķԹĻ²죬Ŷĸ׾Ҫˡ
ȻķˣôȻ㲻κ⡣
϶ЩˣүλԵȣȳȥ˵˵Щ˶ǲģλͱȥˣó˿
Ŷ̾ϢһתԷ
ķȻŶ嵥ȥȷŶĸѾ˯ȥҲϣŶȻǸķһ˺ܿԺ
һ·ϣŶѾµķһ顣
ȻĹЩǰԲ˳ҲЩң˼ķˡ
ŶһһֱֵΪڴСڴﶼǼ˼֮һŶĸ׺ڳȢϱ
ֵһϼƣɴ˺ȢͬһӣȻҲ÷ּҵľôֱסһ
Щ˼һЩرĵطҲǳ
һĸӣһŮŮıŶкУһոճֱزۣһʵûСʱֻΨһһкǿˡ
ŶǴС͵ļҵˣҲҲ˵
˵ÿԶٱѱ֤˼ңôҲʹ˼ͻеľŬȥϣôܻбĿʱȥ
ƫƫôɣһ֮ǰŶĸסԼΨһĴڼеôĶϸ룬ŶλǷصʱôһͷȥЩ󣬷ıЩɾͳһӲ
ŶһҶ泯ũȻʶӲﵽǸʲôŶĴȴڳӲʱ򣬳ͷӲײЩԾ
Ȼ֪Ӳ﾿ʲôõȥܻͭ塣
Ŷĸ׺Ȼϣȴֱ˵ҵ˼ҲŶĴȥˡ
˸ϼӣŶĴǿӲ˼УȻĴѰ̯ҪӲ
ֻû̯ʶӲ﾿ʲôȻҲûԸ⻨ͭȥȡһȫõĶ
ŶĴ缸ж˸飬ȴʹ޷Ӳ֣Ѿûʲô뷨Ĵ㽫ӲֱӵʱһȴǽŶĴס
ҪŶϵӲ￴˿󣬱ĸŶĴͭ壬ȻϸѯһӲ﾿ǴӺζӲȥ
ŶĴӶ¿ʼֻǺش򽻵Ϊʵӵĺۡ
ʲôʹʲôûжȻҲûԼⷬشĺ
ֻ˸ͭ壬˸߲ҵĻ˴ӡ
һͷڳһͬʯͷһĶȻͭ壬Ŷһ˵ϵڱȣҲûʲôˡ
ԭ鷢չһŶһҲѾ
ӸùҪͭԸ¼Ļʳһ˳һıҲڴˡ
û뵽⾹ȻǼجεĿʼ
ŹʮҵĹһȺŹʵİ˴ȻֱҵŶļ
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ͻȻҪŶһ˶Щ£ũ˵ؾǵһУ桢ӲдĸûκοǵģŶĸ׺ֱӾܾ˶ԷҪ
οԷνҪصǮʵ̫١
ٵǼĶﱾֵһ붼˵򣬵˵ǿŷ
룬Էڱܾ֮󣬾ĿʼȡǿֶΡ
ҪǣԷͷڼŶļҲȥҴ峤ֹû뵽ǣ峤ЩǰȻʵĸһ
ûиǳվ˶ԷȺ˵ߣȰ˵Ŷһҷء
ׯ˼ȻЩһŶһȴҲôģŴ峤ķӦȻҲ֪Էǲˡ
ԱҲӦҪҪؿԣǶԷóһһأнҲռ˵ıˣҪ֤Լһи·ǡ
κζԷȴҪ󶼲Ӧ
һҾˣôš̬ȡ
ڼַһЩͻŶ˵ʵ̫ЩķҲûֻ֪󣬲ŶĸױǴ˴ŶĴҲǹǵĸãڼǰץ
ŶĸڼǰѾһӣתۼ侹ȻֻʣŶһ˶֧š
˵ǼˣΪ
Ժн֮ǰ·ϣŶ˵Щֹһ飬ķµıЩԼжϡ
ʱҶȻŶԼԺſڣͿһŻӣڼ󺺵Ĵӵ£ǿ׳ҡӡ
һŶ壬϶ǫЦݣͬС˵ʲô
ķ˸ոԺӣͿӺȻɫһᣬ̧һߵŶĶϣŶߵһģ˵ϡ
ŶʱһæǰȥסԼ塣
ȴڿŶԵ㶣ʱһḬ̃ɫ


171 ֫
ϣλƯСǴӺδ϶ǼһĹôʱ䣬үҴûмأ
ЦеĿŶһ˵ŵͬʱҡеӣεӣ㳯Ŷȥ
ӣ֮ǰαװǸɣſ񡣡
ҶȻޱķĶ˵
ķʼ磬ҶȻ˵Щ֪ô
ΪȷʵǷǳ񡭡
ܹӣҪĵأǸ˻ҲҪʲôˣֻҪǼҴŻͿˣҲ֤ȥٵģǾͲҪΪǼˡ
Ŷ屻ŶӵϷһɬ˵
Ȼһߵķǳʵվޣӵǳ飬һʵûʲô
Ŷǵ͵ׯӣӹڣȴΪʵһûжʲô˺
Ϻȣ֪ˣôͲôʹأҪǰֽ˺Ƥ֪Ӧǣ϶ͦǲǾֻҪ߾Ӧûϲصİ½ˣ
Ծҡӣ˵ſڳԱ˿ĭɫһָָԼգ˵㣬ΣүúƣǴɵĺ£ȻҶҶ֣ץǾģүץúõĥԼңʹ˾˰ɣ٣үٵүҾǹ٣
㡭㡭ô⡭⡭ûˣ
Ŷ屻⼸仰ɫס
ٺ٣⻰ʵĺã㣬϶ǣүҾǼҵĵأүȻҪģǼҴүҲţǸ磬үҷģǿԸ·ȻһҲû̸
˵󣬻ͻȻһתٴνĿⶢŶͷԼ촽˿ԼŶֿڵλԼҲйϵİɣֻҪԸңôԼҵ£ȻҲͺ˵ԼҴҲ˵ķŻ
˵ţѾߵŶǰͬʱƺҪȥŶա
˵ЩŶѾСͨ죬ʱᱡĶȻӵķŭԥؽһƴ򿪣ŶȻ̧ȣͬҲһߵӵĶϣ

ӶʱһҽУ˱Ŷһֱߵĵ˳ȥ
ƷߵͨȻγѹ
ֻӣǸǼ຺ӣû뵽Ȼıʣ
ŶҲһʱЩɵۡ
ӵڵϣһҺǽǼ຺Ӵӷ״̬о˹
຺æҵĴܵӵԣְ˽ŵĽӴӵϷ
ʢŭ֮£ŶһߵأӸоԼҪʹиҪ̲סᡣ
ôԹĿͷ
˴ӵϲӶʱ߳ŭһָŶҸʲôȥҰץȻңҪ˵ӣҪǰң϶ˣ
ӸæӦһڵֳŶȥ
⼸ҲߵΪһƷƷȣһŶȥŶǼΪʵս飬ҲȷʵӦˡ
ֻǻû⼸ӳ嵽ŶǰһֱվŶԵİȻǵǰ
ţһֻëʳ˰ϣī֭ȴƾдԪͬīˮһ㣬ëʻĺۼǼӵǰһյּ
ⷬʵЩ棬ڼǰͷһʱȫͣ
дļ죬ӲŸոͣ£ÿһ˵ǰ㶼Ըͬһ֡
ɱ
ڿУּһʱȴüͬʱоһĪĺ⣡
ЩּͺȻ׷ɢп
ÿһȻ˲仯һУȻ䳯ŸŵĿϮȥ
̫ͻȻӶûԤϵ״ټּǵľʵ̫ͻأıʳֺҲûиκηӦĿռ䡣
ֱЩѿֱЩӵ壬͸֮Щŷ׷ʶһЩܵĶ
ֻǡΪʱ
ɱʮʣʱ絶ܰƾдµʱּ󣬵ѿ֮ÿһȴȫһЩʹЩмÿһԽЩնϣ
ô£
һ̲סͺһɽͷ֣߷һֵתۣߵеĻ棬ȥЩûпģ
ǡƨɣ
ʱǰĻ棬ȴǼ˲Աʮд͸Ӹոεڷֽ⿪
ÿһ׳иʮСһ飬ͬȪһѪ׷׵˵ϡ
תۼͱһ飬ͻأı仯ó̼䰲
ǸʼսͣӣǱȫͻأȻֹ


172 
ǰһӻĴˣһӾͱ˲֫⣬ĳȷʵ̫г˵㡣
Щޣĳ棬ܹ治ɫĲ
ͨ˵ĳʵ̫̼һЩ
˭û뵽һ겻꣬־Ȼ˵
ķЩ⣬ˡ
ȻķһʥһͺƣڵİϾʮꡣ
ʱ򣬾ܹ߱ĳ޶޷߱ķ԰еĿ࿴
ӣڱ֮ƺ뵽ĳִ͵״̬Уǰӣﻬȥ˵ϡ
ȻھԶӵϲûнκѪԼһͬǰЩˣôԼǰг飬ζ޷ܡ
ŶɫһƬɷףŶ̵ֲɫƫͷȥ
ڻع󣬡һУʱҪתߡ
ֻƺ̫ЩȵķӦЩӲתĶոԼԼһ£ֱͦͦˤ˵ϡ
һˤúأӵԴײе߻ء
ûѪԼѪӱһһҵԣȻӵϼ
㡭㡭ǡʲôʲôˣ
ӱѪ̼ţҪ˵ȴƫƫԼƺڿ־ϲɵ¶˻ֵ̿ɫͰ͵Ľе
Լڳݣ˵ԼһЩ飬Ծ͹ֻû뵽ƺ飬ĻҪһЩ
ķ΢Цǰס˰ɱʮ
Ϊ֣˲ɱǼӺɱû˿Ľͣʢ˼֣ǲԼĻ°һ̾ҪֱӶɱˡ
ǻķȻǲĵģʱŶԷչ黹ô
Ŷ̯ϵ£ȻǣķӣĶܹеһԽҲʡøŶʲô󻼡
նҪķһУһ
ȴķ˵Ŷڳݺϻֵ̿ɫһӱࡣ
ǵˣ
Щȷ׷һ䡣
Ȼ
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ǻҵɱҵˣմǬɷɱ˿Ҫģ֪˭𣡡
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Ŷҵǰʱֻʣһصʬ飬ԼڵԾ۵Ĳסӡ


173 ǳɳ
ôȥ𣿡
ҶȻƵҩķʵ
ʱ˶Ŷļķ֮ǰڸŶĸ׼󣬱ȷҪĵҩ½˼Ѫ̴ӴҩҪõЩ
ַԸҶ䣬Ҷ뿪ŶҺҩģԺڣʼҪҩ
Ŷ׵ĴǰǸŶԣŶ壬ȻûдӷŵıлعʱԷĽأЩ㱵ķŴ
Ѫ̰ķķԸͬŶŶҵĵʲôλú󣬱뿪Ŷļңǰȥ̽
ʱԺֻʣķҶȻˡ
İɣѾҶһԱ֤ŶλİȫȻղǸ׳ջȥ󣬻ҪȥŶĴйߵĿܣС֮СôҲֻԷһ
ķרעؿԼϲϱ任ҩģͷҲ̧ػص
Ϊʲôֱɱҳȥͺˣαô鷳
ҶȻЩ⡣
ô˵أµĲ̫ͣԼǳҲÿһ˶ɾԶҪСЩСǻۣܶʱΪǵӲףԶȥȫԼҲ͸а취Ҫ׵飬õİ취ûжٷʱ¶ϵĹ۲ҲŹκһˣΪޡֶʧȥǡޡҵˣҲῼǣĶԴΡ
ķ˵ŻĹеҩѾ͡
ʲôѶȵҩƷ˵һ׵Ĳζǳǿķƹ̣ȻκεѴ
ҩҲϾܹͨܵļˣЩﵽ˺һײϵĵҩȥͨ˷á
ôյĽֻǷҩͨˣΪܲסҩҩֱӱٲκĿܡ
ҶȻķĻش󣬳ĬãΪп˵еʱ޷⣬㾿ôһϣܹô飬ʱҷֺϣûʲô飬ġһϵĴҲϽ˿־ĳ̶ȣ㡭ֻʮ𣿡
ҿʮˡȻ䲢ζһУȻû֪֮ʥˣͨѧϰҪģȴǷǳġȽ⣬һκܳܳΣﾭ飬ȻѧЩָĶֱѣȴ֣ѧЩȻȫûεļԺУ˵¶ǲǺ棿
ķƺõҩŤͷҶȻָ˵
ҶȻȴֻΪķڿЦķһۺûټ
ķ֪ҪԼľҶȻĻվҪ൱һʱ̵棬ҲΪ⣬ƺõҩԷ
ǰŶޱڴĿУеҩŶ׵
ͨԪҩ赼ԱҩЧŶ׵ڻӷ
ʱ䣬Ŷԭ԰ֽɫº
ûʲôˣͨ˵ָȽϲٻҪһҵʱ䣬ܳ׵Ŀ
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ŶȻǻϲŶҲͬӷлعһ˼Ŀ˿ԼĸǼͬķл
԰Ŷĸ׺壬ķ³ӣҶȻһԺ
ŶкܶҪѯĸףȻȻļŶԡ
ûõʱ䣬Ѫ̱»ȻͬķϸĻ㱨һǵš
Ѫ̵ʵز̽Ŷҵǿص·Ӧһǳ΢СĿʲôݲ֪Ҫһܹ̽½ۡ
ķ֣ķǲ⡣
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һѽӲѪӵ˹ȻٵԼǰʼϸĹ۲졣
Ѫ̺ҶȻķķӦЩԣȴҲûж˵ʲôֻǰվһԣȴķĽۡ
ãķڳ˿ϵı鲢ûʲô仯ȴβסļ
ֽӲӵԼĿڣķһı飬ͬѪ˵ǿأ֮̿ǰһĶѾߣҲֿϢҪκҲҪκεй©סֻŶڳݣŶҴ򱧲ƽģ
Ѫ̲ķΪʲôԸķı飬Ҳ֪ķĿس̶ȡʵ˲˲֪ٸΣѪ̸æӦһ
˴΢һϼƣѪӵȥŵѪǸϻؼ֮ڣٶѪ̳
ֱѪִҴȥҶȻֹסʵôˣǵڳĶϡвɣ
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ǳɳʲôôû᲻ϴˣȻϡеĶղǸӸˣôϵĳ
ҶȻɻʵ
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ķƽļٺһЦ˵ǳɳͺΨһͬĵطڣܹڲܵһ˿ϸ΢ǳ֮ǳ֮ǳƮҪ֪ͼΪѣοûнӴǳ֮ˣɲǼܵˣҲ֪ʲôֻΪԼ˴
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ǳɳֵΣ
ٺ٣һǳɳԻȡһŽײεֻߵҩǻȡŽײεķؼҲֻҪǳɳԡ
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ķ˵ǳɳļֵҶȻ̲סһ


174 ˽
ѹҪôأϢ˳ȥ̼Ҫ֮
뵽һЩµĺҶȻǵĮӣҲ̲ס΢΢
ֹ壬ǳɳ㹻࣬ȻҲûпܵġⶫôΪ㷺Ϊ̺ǳ֮ǳɳΪý飬ȥ򣬻°빦ЧǶƵҩܹǳɳΪϣƳĳƷҲЧ
ķһ߽ǳɳһԺлԼ֪ĹǳɳĶ
ȻǳɳΪ֪һãҲ˷ãǡֱӷõĻ߱ޣȻ겢̶һ£߰ҲУЧκһ޽ɶǲֵܵջЩĳһƿ޷ޣܻһЩʱ䣬ܹͻơӶҲ˵Ͼн
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Ҳķ֮صԭ
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ϾЩƿ֮µ˴޵Ķǿǣһ֪ķ֪ǻ
δ֪ĶĿ־壬ޱȵĿ档
ԺţȴǺȻһ˺˻žǡ硱һ죬ŶԺӵžǱֱһŴ߿
ԭžѾΪʱ̫öԵĲʵôһ£ɴ㳹׵𻵣߿ͬʱҲɢ˼ӡ
֮ǰķ˰ƵӺһӦñ߻˴ŵӣķҶȻߵС
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ӵſԾΪǱȻڱķŵ֮·ûüͼҴҵ
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ˣǸץˣһץ
ӵĽһźԲͬĲͷΪϵؿڵ
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ͷʱͫ΢ϸɫ
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ڿȫһԷ⶯˽ŵӣһ߰
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ȻǶڳ̲ͷȻӦķҪĲˡ
̲ͷؿһۣȴվûٶ˵ʲôԸ˼ݳĲͷһ
һ˱Ծޣµͷʱķȥ
ԺǰһʱֻʣˣԼĮ糣ҶȻ
ԺܣԭЩǰӰ죬׷׶ԶĴЩ
ʵЩһۣЩƽûׯ˼ңǴ۽硣
ÿҲˣʣµġǲÿˡǲĻȰǻؼҵĺãǲСĿ˲ÿġû׼ĪľҲ˵
վԺǰ˺Ȼ˵
󣬵ԶЩ͵Ĵȴһ
вζԣЩȻǺԥһɢ
ȷʵ֣ɸ
ǵֻͬӲдڴǵУܹšԶ˸á
ֱûκһ͵ߵӵɫų׵ͬʱһԺ֮ڣ


175 ɱ
ˣǼү㣬㲻ӦûһŮģǼүҲôҲˣͶҪˡ
һԺ֮ڣؿ˵
ͬʱһһƷʦԪʼɢ
ҶȻЩ⣬Ͼ֮ǰݱʵ൱һ㣬ȻܹӶʦǿߣЩּͨ˵ķʽʵûȥӡ
ƺǳȷԼһҸǿ
ҶȻһԼӽˣޱؿ˵
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ôͨҡңɵ뷨СȻֻһƷʦľ磬սḻЩûо֮սʦôȻǱҸһС磬ҲҵĶ֣
ͷҶȻһ˿а
ҲɣʮߣʮųһʷһŵҲʮϴﵽƷʦľѣи˾Ʒߵľ磬˲õˡǶ˵˾Ʒ߾磬ֵһᣡ
˵ƺ뵽ʲô˷ܵ飬ϵıЩ
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ҶȻı˪ѾߵԼǰһҵľ룬¶ûԼˣȻ΢΢һЦڵȻѾ꣬ǾͲҪٻȥˡ
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ֻķôܸ˵ʵֻشˮ©ͬʱ߳ݼó̲ͷ˵ĶŲɡ
ʻڣһ̷ֱ֮ʱ̲ͷѾȫķԼֻŶڳڵһݵ˵
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һѶңȻѶҵŹ֮󣬳̲ͷԭº͵ı飬ڳ׵ʧ


176 Ѷ
ˣҰ󵽼ϣ
̲ͷͺһʱмǰǾߵķԣȻѸٵķֱץסķֻ첲ű㽫ķѶڵļקȥ
ѶڵļһʮεӣķקǼϺ󣬼ʱޱķֱķ˫Լ˫ȫ̶˼֮ϡ
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ֻ˻ʱһȴǷйĳķһš
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ķȫ̶Ϻ󣬳̲ͷҲԵķһЦűһƨѶڵϣڵ˵ɣΪʲôҪϮ죡ΪʲôҪɱ˭ôĵӣӴǬɷ
˵һ䣬̲ͷ̧Աߵӣˡ硯һ󣬽ǳ˵
ķȻܱŵû̲ͷʣֻǶ˶ӣӵǿȣȷ̶ֳȵ޷סԼͣ˶
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ķûһֻۣǼ̲ͬͷʵ
ǾҪǲǴˣֽ֮һ󣬵ȻѾչزٺҲûá
̲ͷһЦ˵ǶԼҵǿ־ڱصãκε⣡Ҳʵ㣬ԼһֻͨũĻҵһƫƫǳˣҲСмҵףҲţǿ϶ġΨһѡģֻǾôȥѡ
֮ǰڴ˵ĻʵȫֻΪ˰ƭѣ
ķ֪ʵ˵
ûҶʵЩɵǿĻȻҲԸ㰴ϿվһЩΣգһоͿӭжˡ
̲ͷΪص˵ͷ
ɾܶУɻм棬ܻԩǾͲ°ִˣý𣿡
ķüʵ
ٺ٣ˣ˵ǰ׳գȻһ֪ÿжĪľʧ֪ж˾ǳ˰Ʋ˵𣿸㣬Сӣͳ֮ǰȻҴңҾͲ˺ùһǸŮˣƯҺϲһȥֱΪֹñһʲôʱʲôʱꡣˣȫΪһЩɺϵﶼٲһ˻š
һ˵ţһߵķǰƫԴյķǰϸһֲ̬Цݣ˷ܵĽ˵Ϊ׷飬ֻҪܹһ˵ȥ᰸˶һٵʲôο̷տһȫұ֤
ˣ˵ЩûõĶˣ
Խ˵Խ̲࣬ͷ̲סڴ
Щˬס죬ֵķһۺź
ķĶȴǶ£ԼһЩѶ⴫
ڵܰѲ˵ǬѲľû𣿡
ߣү֮ǰ͸˵ǣҾøϻǣϼһȳԵͷʲôʱﶼˣʲôʱͣ
ٴν
Ȼû£ѶԭѾϣҴ˵Ĵȴǡ硱һͻȻ˴һ߿


177 ع
ʲôˣ
̲ͷʶĺһ䣬ͬʱĲһʱתѶҵſڡ
Ҳͻأŵһ飬ܵŤͷſڵķȥ
˭û뵽̷ĵȻıʣ˭ûκε׼
ȫ׷׵תͷȥ󣬽ű㿴һ֮ǰδӣվѶҵǰ
ѶҵĴţȻǱһ߿ġ
̲ͷʱɫûڣһӾŭʲôˣ̷֪ѶδôѶң𣡡
죡ҿ
һЩŭĵſӵ˹
̲ͷеĲͬʱסҲ΢΢һʵΪ졣
ôǡϴأ
£ﵽ̷ѣֵ¹ŵĲͲͷһֱģ̷˰ɣô̷˿ķʩ
ſڵǿķһۣɨһȦŻͷŵһӡ
ǰӵѯʣɫɷףͷ˲䲼˺飬ϵĹˣҽͣп϶ʲôᡣ
Լϴ󣿣
Ӳ˲̲ͷеĲڿ˱ӵİӣһʱޱȵĴ㵡
ִֻȴ˰Ӷӵĳƺ˲ת˾ֵ

⡭˾صĳˣ
᣿һûղڽкɣһ̷ˣȴ̷Ѷ̷ĲͷԼ棬޼ɵĽԼȻ᣿£ǲǾáҴϵ飬ԾǸܺúŪİ׳հ
ۿǰİӣ˵
ʵǰȴǱŵ˫ϥȻͨһֱӾôǰ
ͬʱʼͣͷ
һ߿һ߶ţ
ԼϴķӦ̲ͷЩڻعһҲǸæȥ
ֻɵɵվԭء
ǡˣ¡鲻ǸӡѶˣӺͼ˵йأǼ߶˼ʹӣҲǷŭ֮£Żֵʧ̬
Ȼǿ־壬̲ͷֻӲͷƤڽ͵
ֻǼȵĽźͺ£͵ĹЩͰ͵ġ
ˣ̲ͷȴɻѣ֪ʱҲҪֵĺ֮ûκιϵС
ôҲҪȰǰŪȥ
ֻҪܹʱɻأôģºܿͻѽԺһ˲׷ôȻһк˵
Ȼڳ̲ͷأ̵ʱ򣬽ȴ˲ȵס׹ߣ
ķ˵𣿡
Ťͷ˴ʱȻڼϵķʵ
ķ˭
ڵϵĳ̲ͷ
˵ҪģͰȫɱˣֺαװĻǱ
ķƲƲ졣
ӳ̲ͷǳ׵Ĵסˡ
ץˡȻͳʶ
ô£ôأ
̬ȡ˺ͳ֮仹ֻʶô򵥰ɣ
һ¡ķôô졭

̲ͷȻ̧ͷΪͻȻ뵽ļλƵĶүҲǽķ
ֻǸԶֲͷܹӴĵģȻҲķͷȴûлļ
㡭㡭ļҵǸķ
̲ͷһ˿ҵŤͷؿķʵ
ٰ
ķڻһ䣬űȻȫԪţھ£
֫ھԪл֮£ʱ
Ҳգ۾Ĺķ֫ķһѵ춯ڳ̲ͷвǲ˼ĿУе׷׵˵ϡ
⡭⡭ֻ߶ѡΪʲô
̲ͷʧе
ǰһĻںˣѶڣ⣬һʱȫһͬķ
ķûЩĿ⣬ԼŤͷѾȫɵס˵ӣڵ㷽˵Ҫȫе˶ΪһЩĪȥʵͦѵãϾļҾǧˣʦǿߣ˵ʵܹҪһ㣬ǲܵġ
ķ棬ûκγֻ߼ҵ˼ֻڳʵ
ġĶ١۲ʶ񡭡һʶ
ӲΡΡ˵꣬ͬһ԰׵Ĺȥ
ת۵̫죬ѶĴˣһʱ䶼·С


178 
ˣʵе磬ԭżīһЩʱ䣬Ȼǵ׳ЩȺƽʱѾϰˣеͨգκεĵ̷
ķûǹԼǰӣֱӳﱧԹ
ô޷ĳףԼȶ˽һЩĶ
Щʹķʵ
ȷʵǲģֻһͷټһСԱ֮ӣ͸Ĳ֮Ŀ֪ǵѾõĳ̶ȡȻ˵ⲿǳصĹϾסˣȻҲвжΣθҼܰ³׵Ĵã
ķʼ磬ȻĽ˵ԼǲĴԺ󣬿ܻһЩıվǣһЩˡΪһʱĴ⣬Ժ˲׵ܵһЩ޷ص˺ǲǺҲ顣һ뷨ҲӦõİɣ
˵û˵Ŀ޷͡ſ״ȷʵҪϺܴΡԭһΪԿǸֻǲ̶ӣڿǳ飬Ҳرó
˵ͷûΪķĻ
ֻޱƽȵĶԻʽʵѶڵȫŵˡ
ǹİӣЩͲͷǵһμĳ棡
ڣȻ˸Һ̬˵
ƫƫﻹΪ⣡
ļڵĵλȻ֮
һļҵүͿԺͳƽƽ
ѶŵЩˣһʱȫúǻҡ
ôȻҲǽŸռʶЩˣֳֺɥĲЩǡǴǬɷܽȫһ򾡵ĻҾֻѡԼķʽȥˡ
ķ˿һƬĲ죬˵֮ǰ˵ģǰչҾҲչǲعصĻ˵Ҳӷ㡭
£ҳǷһ顣չ£Ҳ뿴̫Υɷ飬ԻǽҰɡǣһǷֿʣǰ˵һй˶˭Ȼ˴˶ǵĿڹٰȥǵһЩ˱ȶһ¡ģһᵱɱȫǷǳ̹׵ģһԿ´ᷢ䡣
ƽ˵
˵ŻῼǴᷢ䣬ķУȴֻǿŨɱ⡣
Ȼʵﶯ𣬿ҲǴɱӺȺˡԼӦǲȥˡ
뵽ķٶ˵ֻǳﹰ˹֣ѶңںһֱվѶҶȻ뿪֮ǰķŤͷѶڿһۡ
պñ㿴Լ̲ͷ̧ͷĿ⡣
ֻ˴ʱĿУѾǾźͿ־壬ٲ֮ǰſ
ͬҶȻ̷ĵڳһ·˲ûܵκεʡ
ͻȻݵ̷˶Щɹ
ټ̷ÿһ˶ڻҵĵţûȥķҶȻԵˡ
ôô磿ԭƻŽֵĴһЩһЩʵʳ֮ǶҶֵʱǽ̷δһͨٴǵĳ˹ʱƱŭҲ鵽סȻڵĻܶͲ˵ˣӦûᱻϳ֮ͣ⣬ܱܿ»СС»ˡվû
ҶȻ̷ţķźؿ˵
ʱ·ϸһ£ʵΪǣŶǲŻŭӸһЩĽǶȥĻ±ӰǼ޵áĽֵ̫󣬷ó˶ǲСˣһӡϾ֮⣬ҪǱߵ֧֡
ҶȻԼ뷨˵˳
ķ΢΢üϸ˼һ󣬿ڵŶļΰţ
ҵ뷨ǣͲҪŶļ˼סڳˡլҲпĵطֱŶļ˰ᵽȻһЩŶĸסԼĴ簲һЩ
ҶȻش
ţҾÿԣȻ˵Ļ˻ᣬȥһЩԣҲԶǽҪеĶṩһЩڻ
ķĦԼ°ͣ˵ŶҵڳĶǺɿԵݣԺɿΪȥ֮Ŷļ˶סĿľΪռǿĺɿʯ켸汾µĺݲҪ䡣ЩԶɢȥǵΪҲһĽˡ
һҪô𣿡
ҶȻЩķ۵Ϊ
ţôҪǻСʱһķ価ܵĺõұķʽ


179 鷳
ʮʱķʱ䣬ȫķŶҵǼĶϡ
ʮѪ̱ʮˣ֮⣬ʮļڵʹҲǼĶϡ
ѪҪǸ𾯽ĹҹػصΧκİ˽ӽ
ʮʹؽھ򣬵ȻܶʱѪҲ뵽ھС
Ͼͨ˵ޣҲԶԶܺȣʮʹӵھЧʣʵ㲻ϸߡ
ʮʱ䵱УҲʼиָԳƬԱߵǸ
ÿ춼д˺ͯվڽԶĵطһؿߡ
ֹķûκֹ˼ΨеЩͼӽʱŻѪ̽ϡ
ŶĸסԼλ綼Ѿӻ˳ڣᰲЩа﹤ķûнһעЩŶԼȥļôҵܹҵһЩʺϵġ
ͬʱķŶҲĲȨǽ⼸Ķ
ֻЩ飬ûгҥ
ҥԵݣķǺ֮ǰ̲ͷȺһ̰֮ͽ
ԺɿļֵȥжϵĻҲȷʵֵͬļСȥһЩ飬İţôǷǳġ
ͨʮʱھŶ⼸ĶѾڵĿȫǣķĿڣҲ˽ٿСһӲ
󲿷ֵӲﶼ⼸ĶصھģԽǵ˱ԵĵطӲֵľԽ١
ҲڵԽӲԽ࣬ЩӲ϶ڵһ׵һ֮
ֻмӲڼǳĵطͱڵڳһ֮һӲҲޡ
ķʵɣЩǳɳܿ˹ġ
ھʲôģΪʲôҪȥǾͲö֪ˡ
ʮʱת˲ţʱ˼һһҲֻҵһӲ֮ķڽһھ
ٿӲջѾĳķˣԶھĽķûʲôź
ЩӲСһЩȽСӲܿһǳɳһĻЩӲһҲܹһʮҵǳɳˡ
һʸ޷ýȥĲƸ
ˣչˣʱˣ֮ǰҷŵĲ⣬Ȼ˼壬ÿȥ֧ȡʮӵǮ
ھ뵽һ죬һ磬ûҵκһӲķչľ
䣬ھЩļʹǱĻһ
ڳ֮ǰǱѾÿõʮӵĲټķ˵ʮӵǮ⼸Ѿ൱µˡ
ʮʱܹõôӣЩļʹȻΪϲġ
ķһʰװڴӴﳷ̤˻سǵ·󣬴ڵЩŷ׷ӿŶҵǼĶС
һ֮۷׷׵ͬʱֿʼ·
Ҳ֪ҪЩʲô
Щǵص뷨УȻܹóЩﶼϵģôȻѵõı
ȻķѾ⼸Ķʮʱ䣬ѱʲô©֮㡣
ֻҪܹҵ¶©ģǶԷһʺƣ
ķԼߺ󣬴Щǵ뷨Ȼ֪Ҳ⡣
Ǵܹ˽ӲļֵȻҲͲֽҵ˼̰һòʧ
ķһ˺ܿ»صǵļլ֮ڣΪյõӲ֮࣬ԶԤڣķ൱
ЩʹҲΪܹõӵԵʣһΪ˷ܣʹһ·ϣȫڻЦжɹ
ոսլţķЩʹǸȥ˷ȡӣѪǳĵլԺȥ
Ϊ˱ֱʣʮʱķһֱǴھסûлع
Բôʱڷʲô
ֻһ·ϿլЩʹɫҴҵӣƺЩķչô⡣
ʣķֱĵլԺ⣬Ѫлȥ󣬱һ˽ȥ
ԺȺ򴫻ʹǷ׷ͬķķҲºͻŽլӡ
Щǣĸ״ʱû鷿֮ڣǸڿλ֮ϡ
Ϲܼҡ޾ԼҶȻʱִĿš
ӱȽ϶࣬ҲȽϷɢ
ķŶ˵˲ȫתƵϡ
ţ鴦ˣٲҾҪȥקˡֻһЩɿѣȻһļֵҲûҪ˷ôõʱ;
ûؿ˵
ǳɳ飬ʵǣ̫ķҶȻûٸκһˡ
ΪΣֻһЩ飬֪Ҫ֪õöࡣ
ŪˣϾǺõĿټ֮ǰǶʱ䣬Ҷķ˲ٵĶֶļңҶԼȴĶ࣬ȻҲ̸ļɣȴվе벻ˡηֵĺɿҲǶЩ
ķһ˵ţһҶȻԡ
ֻƮƮļ仰ͽɿⶼתƵҶϡ
ҲֱӸ˸˽ᡣ
ðɣ˵°ɡãҲǸոտʼȻΪ㲻ڵ£ºȻת㡣
ĹȻٹעνɿ飬ֱ˵
ôˣʲô鷳𣿡
ķαϣȴǳԱߵҶȻбţҪΣҶȻһ
Ҳ鷳ɣǶҵһЩж谭ҵı󡭡ƺкǿ֧֡
ü˵


180 ҵı
谭֧֣ô£Ǳֻ߲ǽ֧𣿡
ķʵ
ûȷʵվһߡ⽫µʱڱһǣİӣ°ԱǣСԺܶϵĹܵӰ졣Ǻ֮һЩףҪе⡣
˵Ķ˶٣豭˿ڲˮŽ˵ڵĹУûб̬ȣǶļңԵбļʵһЩ˱ϾŹٷܹбʼޡڲ漰Ǭɷǰ£ҲǱҪһģֻǶ֮Ȼǳܽܵġ
Ȼȷʵбģôʲô谭ڳЩԭһֱڱѹһͷֱȰǰǿʮų֧֣ҵжӦûչĺ˳Ŷԣѵʲô𣿡
ķӲˡ
ǳ˱ʣҵı󡭡һȺδˣЩ˲ʵǿȫĨǺ֮ʵ࣬һרĸ֣ʹʮҽеҵϵĹûκεЧҽת˾ơ
̾˿Ϊε˵
δˣûеʲôͷܹսϺǽп⡭ǵˡѵҺǳص˺𣿡
ķ΢΢һ̲סüͷ
ҲģֻԷһǳصģĿǰϾܹľóʮƷʦǳҲοǲ²⣬ԷӦûصڼǿûгֹ֣ܲһڡ֮һİ֣ǳǿ󣡡
ıΪص˵
ǵģүҺͼʱԵһΣԵԸһӦñ˶ٵˣΪĿˣԵ̬ҲֵζҪǣ˵ʼղҡ˲û©ԪҸоޱȵΣա
Ϲܼҳ˵
оޱȵΣգ
ķϹܼңǵһδϹܼҵĴʻ㡣
ֻ˵һֱɣǸߣӦöڼǿߣһˣǿö࣡ûа취ֱɣԼжϡ
Ϲܼҵͷ˵
ķü˼һŽʵܵӰĸ
ĿǰҩׯܵӰ󡣡
ش޾壬Դη˱֮޾ȻĳΪļҳϻĴϡ
Ӱԭʲô
ıǼҵĸҩׯռǲɵķݶҵҩׯǺһЩСҩׯһ𣬷ʣµĳɷݶǴʮǰʼת䡣ҵҩׯڣͻȻ˼ǴδҩЩҩЧĺã
޾御ܿ͹۵ĽԼС¶Ӱ쵽ķжϡ
ҩׯͬǺҵҩׯֻԼʦ⣬ҩҲ϶ǽӽ͵ҩЧЩ߼ҩЩҩͬʱҲǵȺγӰԼڱҩׯ棬ռĽһҡȻûռôߵıҲԶһҩׯܵӰ졣ͻֱӰ쵽ת۶˵Ƕҩׯ⣬ҵߡ
Ǻʹõҩ䷽Ƕڳҩʦ֮ǲƳ˸õҩֻң
ķʵ
ǣרѯʹˣ˸ұ֤ˣҩʦԲΪṩκⷽİΪӦұȺУҩʦ򡣲ҩʦˮƽ϶Ҫҩʦ֮ϡ
ҡͷ˵
ǵģӦþԭֻԭŵǰľûκΰ취ԼҪ㾡Ϲܼҵ˼ҩ飬ү㲻Ƿǳó𣿡
˵޾һЩ
Ϊֻ֮ǱһҵķΧ֮ڡ
ҵĻļұڱһֱҾԵ;Ӫơ
ֻҪƷܹƣͿʱ׵ĸĹۡ
Ŀǰǵҩׯܵ˶ĳ
ķûش޾⣬ǽʵ
ֻʮʱ䣬ռݵгݶ͵䵽ңҪǵķݶƽˣ⻹Ϊҵ㣬ĿǰޣҩЧֻɵ̬ȡ˵ЧõҩζͷǸпܱסһ󲿷ֵ޶ͬҵҩôǾͳ׵Σˡû޻ϣȥڽġ
޾̾˵
ˣ½Ұɡ˳ҲȥұЩͻȻֵļһʲôͷڴ֮ǰҪȥһ˽ΡǸһҲ㹻ˣǸóȥһЩˡ


181 
ķǴҶȻһµ˽Σġ޾ԼϹܼҲûи
һΪʶѡ˻رܡ
ҲЩҶļҽеķԽԽңڶЩƣӦ
Ⱥİṩ֧ԮֳڸҵսΪľˡ
ҩׯֻߴԵ⣬ʵϣʱļҴ󲿷ֵⶼܵҵǿҳ
ĺ޾忴ҵĺܶЩƳɱζ
ȫɱһǧ˰١
ֻǵİ߱ĽȥĻΪǸֵܼĶãʱһļʲôҶб
Щ˵Ĵڣȴĺ޾嶼ȥðա
֪ЩǲڽϣҲ˴֧֡
Ȼҩʦڼǿ߶ܹãǮĲֻ֣Сˡ
ʱʵЩͷöҪȥ飬ʵ̫̫ˡ
Ȼλҵľ棬Ҳһͻƿڡ
˵ҩׯͻƿڣ˭ܹҩׯȡʤ˭Ҳ͵ͬڴӮⳡҵϵս
еκĶǿԽܵģֻҪܹȡʤ
ֻʤߣʸȥƷӮҵĹʵ
ķĻع飬ĺ޾㷢֣֮ƽࡣ
ԭʱľ˵ĽǺͲҲһɢ
ԭڲ֪䣬ķѾΪǵĹһ㡭
ʱķѾҶȻĵ鷿ڽ˽Ρ
һ·£˽εײ󣬱㿴˱ڼǿߡ
ܱ˹ڼǿȻõ̶š
Ϊ˱ɱϣĽơ
ʱԷ˽ȻĲô˱͵ϮϿҪȦ
᾵ͬʱƺҲЩһϢģˡ
ķҶȻĵڼǿ߻Լʼձŵ˫ۡ
ڿķڼǿߵкεĳŨҵԹ֮ɫ
ɱң
˻Ƶķ·˶ķһ˽
ǸǳҪȻǿġҶǴˣӦҲܹµҪ֪Щʲô顣ԸϣȻҲԸһʹ졣Ͼĥ飬˵ʲô̬ĿС
ķ˵ţηڵĽӣķڼǿߵĶ棬Ȼһƨȥ
ڳһҪʱͶԷжԻ̬
Ƶһ֣ڱȽͿϣıѯ˵һЩЧ
ҶȻǰվķǰڼǿҵģ˽ɭζıı仯
ô죬ңǴʱҽ뵽ıԵԷȡҪϢ𣿡
ڼǿߵޱɳƣȴܹԵĳֳŪζ
ҲϣȻֶκףȴϣܶʱԽ׵ֶξԽЧ
ķ˵ͷ
ǾֻʧˣΪ֪Щ˽ģܲࡣ
ڼǿ߶ķ˵
ǽ֪ĶҵĺãҶǸܹһȥΪʲôҪԼԾͷأ
ķƽȰ˵
ȣҲ֪ʲô˰ҹģЩȷʵһͳһָߣֻǵϵκ˶ûмһָߡΣļҵжҲֻжеһ֪ǴҪļҵжҲǳԵͬǵжĿĵʲô
ڼǿڶķ˺һ˿ڳ˵
չҪһЩȽȷָɣ㶼ҲҪףļ֮ǽҪʲôǽļţʲô壿
ķбαϣ˺⡣
һ󳤾õĳĬڼǿٴοڵҡһЩ
ʲô
岻ֻ֪һЩ𻵵ȻܹóʵȴѾ߱κʵĲƷƺа취ȷһŵķΧɾλãȴҪԼȥ
ڼǿεûгĬ̫ʱ䣬ֻһº󣬱㽫Լ֪Ķ˵˳
ķ￩һϵıȴûκα仯װ˼һסԼ°͡
ķ˳ĬڼǿҲٿڣ˽ڶʱ
֮ķվֺ̧Ǹɴһǰڼǿߵϡ
ڼǿ˫һ͹߿Ѫȫȥ
ķƱڼǿ֮һԲת뿪˽Ρ


182 
˽ڳķʼճĬš
ҶȻĸ󣬿ķüëʱʱչڻ̲סʵʲô˵Ļش𣬺˲Сš
šҲ㲻ʲôţֻĻشûʲôֵ˵ĶܹµĶҲ²ЩݣȴɻһƬãȻ
ķƲƲ졣
֮ǰһֱΪԷҪõҩȷĿصġ
Ϊһʱû˵ҩʧԵ֣ķʱʼսҩһȥͻƵĵ㡣
Ƿ˽ﾭǷ㳤Ľ֪֮Լˡ
Է֮ҪȡҩԭҲֻΪҩڱ˵ڷϵ
ᵹҲҩһɫķȷڵҩʦǾûа취ҩġ
ֻԭΪԳΪҪĶȴֻһִĲ²⡣
ķ˵һִ
֪ЩĻԷѰҵġӦþϵöָԼӳõǶԻһĶ
ģûеõġһװʣˡ
ķǰҪҪһǶԷνܹȷһµķΧΧж
ǶԷͨʲôֶΣȷΧ
ǰߵڣԷܹȷķΧСһǳ֮ڣôжͻܵơ
ΪһһǳǰһǳأԷܿܵһʱʱĿԵĽеĻױͷϡ
ȻķĲ²⣬ԷܹȷΧӦòľȷ
ǰִˣֻʵ
пܵǣԷܹȷġΧֻȷĳһĳһ֮ڣһҪȷϺ͵ĵص㣬Ҫɢеĳǳ֮С
ŻҪԱ뵽ж
пܡҲΪĲ²⡣
ͬʱҲķϣĽ
ڶԷͨʲôֶΣȷΧķȤݡ
ΪڷǳϵöָΪĵװһǷ˼ǿ
ȻѾӵװôȻҪװȫ롣
ǣȥѰңķûκͷ
Ψһ֪ǣװӽһľ룬ôϵĽָӦ
Ȼķʽڽޱߵľݴ½ȥѰЩʣװ齨ڴ룬ǳ˵ε顣
ԶԷȷΧķʽԵޱҪˡ
ͬҪ飬ֻһķĿǰ֪Ӧþȥ
Ϊʲôѯȥ˻ϰɣȻ̬ϲôʵЩ⣬˻ش𡣼ȻˣΪʲôЩ²ĶֱӰɱˣ
ҶȻʵ
Ѿȫ֪顣Ҳ²ֿ֪ݣҲǲġ򡭡ѡͲҪˡ
ķЩź˵
һʧȥ֫ˡôҲлȥ˰ɣ
ҶȻôķΪʲôжϡ
ⲻص㣬һڶѣҲ֪ʲô±Ӱӷǳǿ󣬾ǿĳ̶ȣһ֮ʱȷŵһ߰ɡû㹻֮ǰȥ̽Ѱ̫ֻԼײķǡ
ķҶȻ˵ŻĹѾصլԺ
ŶͰ鶼ԺڣֻѪ֡ѪӻҶԺŸԵϰ
ѪԼѪӲûиķһЩھĹ⽫µʱ䣬ʼնԺҶһС
ķҶȻԺӣ˵һʱͣ飬ͬķ
⽫ûüָ㣬ڴѪʽˣ
Ѫ̴кķ㿴Ҷʵ
֮ǰ̵ЩѾŪˣֻõĻҹţиµʱ䣬ҲͲˡЩվֻǴѪʽƤëҪȫգҲ֪Ҫõʱ䡣
ҶЩ˵
ţѾˣܺáǻһЩȽϲĶʦпһӶ޷մѪʽżɡɣڻֻڶѣѧ˴ѪʽҲ޷ķӳѪʽչҪ޾ศɵġ
ķοҶļ
ķĿ϶ҶһʱԵΪ
ˣһ󺹵ģ·ɣҳȥһˡȥҵҩׯһҩǵҩܺ϶١
ķ£˱Ӧŵ׷תլȥ


183 Ա
ļҺҵҩׯһǳķ羰
ΪļҩׯĽϣһҵҩׯ
ͬҩׯĽϣҲһļҵҩׯ
Ǳ˴Ҫϣʼհһ࿹õ̬ơ
ֻҪߵһҵҩׯǰôԭתһܹһҵĵ档
Уܳ֡
ϾļҲãҲգʵŸǿࡣ
ЩռžԵƵλɲȡִ̨ķʽɻԼչɷǳӰ졣
ȥ͵˵оǷǳ޴
ҩׯվ޿ȡԡ
˵ǰĸҲȡĳֱõĲԣпܶҡڵĸ
ῴһεĹϵôԽϡԽϡٵǸȨײ㣬ȻΪġ
ӵԶͨ˵λԼƸԴҾϵתĹ
ȻȻģκһԳɹģ⣬Ҳ˺صӰӡ
ԣҩԼģ޵ϢϢص⣬ͳΪšҲΪ𱬵Ӫ
ֻͷӼ˵⣬ҩ˵ҪһЩ
ƫԶĳǳأСļ壬ֻҪõһҩ䷽Ϳ⡣
ļҺұˡ
Ƴҩ㲻ĵҩҩЧɳͨҽʦܹƵļޣܹ޸ԼĵҩڵУܻӭ
ҩҲҪΪ
ȻڵҩׯȫһҩҩҲǴӳΨһĺҩʦõݸһģһļгռԵơ
ҵгݶÿԺ֮γɾ޴Ĳ
ҲļڱҸǿƵҪԭ
ľ棬ʮǰʼڱ𽥵ĴƺŤת
ļܹ֮ͬҩͬҩׯ£г϶γƣҪԭڣļЩҽʦˮ׼ҽʦˮ׼ߡ
ƳЩҩļҵĳƷҩЧϣҲҪҵĳƷһң
СһɵĲ࣬ôһ࣬ͿԾһ޵
¹ΣǴڻͶ롣
ҩЧһǰ£֮ԻܹɰгݶΪڶϣҵҩҪļҵҩ˵Ķࡣ
εĲڽǮ϶ڰȫͶ룬ҲվôһֻĲôġͷȽ׾ݵˡ
ϾЩҩȻûдﵽҩˮ׼ȴѾһЩߣλεıˣҲҪԶԶЩͨҩġ
һʵǳе̫ҩ۵ǣ㹹ҩׯҪȺ塣
Ȼҩׯܹṩҩ⣬ļҺҵҩׯӵһֻԼŶƵҩ
ļҵҩΪԪǿ߻ʦޣڶʱڣӵеԪҵǿȡ
ҵҩΪǿǵǿ߻ʦޣڶʱڣǿȣҡ
֣ĵҩˣ
ҩֱһײεҩʦټײεҩʦͬṩҩֵ΢ƽ⣬Ҫ˵ûгĸԤҵκһˣš
ȻֵҩҩЧǳʵáҲΪǿ󣬵ĺһײεĵҩûҩʦ£Ҫ֮ƳǼΪѵġ
Ҳ㵼ֵҩΪϡ٣ÿһҩׯ᳣ֻһţ֮á
ֵҩۼϣҵǲûʲô
Զ¢ϡ
ʱķѾڣҩׯǰ
λڳǰһĹ㳡ϣҲǣ߶˵Ļ۵ء
вһȺˣϲ㳡ΧȥһЩ
ҵҩׯ㳡ϵһһռ˹㳡ĵĻƽضΣԶ
ͬʱҩׯҲҩׯܵꡣ
ҩĴ࣬Ϊȫġ
ÿκһʱΣҩׯܵ⣬ۼŴޡ
ڰ˿ڣӵеˣЩ˳˿⣬ҲִܻиָԶҩģǷǳŵġ
ǽ쿴ȴЩͬΪҵҩׯܵǰȻɾۼŴޣļҵҩׯܵȴſȸ
ֻеܹһЩǵѡҩƷæµγĲ
Ȼ˺ܴӰ찡
ķ˫΢Уת˳ҵҩׯܵȥ


184 ҩׯܵ
ҩׯܵǰֺļҩׯܵǰγĶԱȡ
ķˣյ˴ʱȺҩׯܵǰһȺ޵УЦǺǵĳЩ޹˹֣ʵλҶҩׯǰŶӣڵŹʲôҩ𣿡
һ޴ʮ˵ӣҲ٣ҩׯܵǰۼһȺ壬жʮ˵Ĺģ
ţģ
ȺһбķһۣôѺõʵ
˴˲ޣ֮ǺٻڨģԷ̬ȵҲ
Ⱥ޵ߣ˳ķ׷׵䵽ҶȻϺÿһбȫ˾֮ɫ
ԭЩӲı飬Ҳ˲
һֱסֻǰʱ£뿪˳һӣŸոջԭǴЩҩģͿҩׯǰôˣǶļҵҩׯûʲô˹ˣʵЩ⡣Ͼ֮ǰҩʱ򣬿ɲ״
ķЦ˵
ԭˣѹ㲻֪
ʮ޶ʱ¶˻Ȼı飬ĽŴ˵ȷʵźŵҩʱҲ֪Ƿʲô飬֮ЩҩЧϾȻļҵĸЩλȻ֮ǰļλߣɱļҵҪһ㣬ʱܶ˶ʼҵҩׯҩֻеƵҩԺ󣬲Żȥļҵҩׯһ¡
ķ΢΢üԼģҪһЩ
ŽʮʱѣǼչȥ֪ҩҩЧļҩҩЧõԽԽ࣬ǾҪ׵ˡ
ҩׯά֣Ҫ֧ţǮתͣͣɻļҵҩׯϵɾ޴Ĵ
ԭǳءҼǵҵҩһֱļҵôͻȻ͸ˣ֪λǷùļҵҩõĻôҩЧܺó
ķװһȵıʵ
֪ǲҶȻԵʣЩ޲ķ̬Ⱥ˲٣ķѯʣЩҲһҪش
ķ˳޻ûȿڣͱһȡ
˭˵أͷϢʱ򣬻ûţϾҶѾϰҩׯҩϵĲ𡣿ùԽԽ࣬Щù˻ĵı֤ƳҩȷʵļҵҩЧú󣬾Ϳʼϵи˱Կ̬ȥҵҩׯҩˡ
ù˶֣λû˵ѡƳҩҩЧıļҸһЩҶۻҪļҵҩ˴һҡҩЧ𡭡ҲļҵҩҪǿһҡ
޻䣬һ޾ͽӻûôҩЧǿҶۻˣ⼸죬ѾûȥļҵҩׯҩˡЩȷʵرżҪҩҩׯߵҩֻûƳʱ򣬲Ż˹ȥ
ԭλȺΪҩׯﻹû㹻ҩṩ𣿡
ķЩʵ
ΪЩֻŶҩѣȴû뵽ҩׯȻѾ˹Ӧĳ̶ȡ
Ŷõʱ䰡
԰ΪǸʲôҪҩ̫࣬ҩٶЩϣǾֻúŵšŵԺ󣬶һЩҲˡҲĻھȥҩׯøţȻٳȣŵʱ˻еġ
һ޿˵
лλѡ
ķ΢ЦŹ˹֣ЩǷ׷׹ֻһòȫǵçײӣǿеĲг秵ζ
ķŴżתҵҩׯȥ
ҵҩ𣿡
ҶȻķУʵ
ţԷʲôƷǰľ棬ΣգʵҲܺôԷ֮ô̵ʱڣͰǱƵϡģ䱳ҩʦֶΡֻûдﵽҩˮ׼ҩҩʦ˵ɶġֻҪҵҩˮƽȶԷߣܹҩЧԷ޷ﵽĳ̶ȣеҲӭжˡ
ķ˵ţŤͷҶȻָָԼЦҩˮƽĲ˵ǬĽڣ˱ȵҡ
ҶȻ˸ۣûķԴޡ
һ˸ոսҵҩׯͿҩׯڵЩ̨ǰһҩׯСڽŵæµš
ͣС˴Ӻýҩᵽ̨ǰȻ̨ǰЩС˱Ὺʼϼ¼ЩϵݣЩҩﰴúŵ˳ȥ
У˵ַǳ
ķ￴ŵʱһΪŵЦӲ෽
ǿ˭ļҵĶүȻܵҵҩׯôҩ𣿡


185 
ķѭŤͷ㿴ӦһӵԣӲ෽λϳ
Ҵ٣ԼҵҩׯӦʱȴӲλֻͬӵһ㡣
ʱӦȴǹޱȳЦݣȻܹķӦһʱ
ķĿӦһȻȫ䵽ӵϡ
Ӧ⣬ӵ󻹸ߡ
ȫһģȻûκεԪй˵עʼձΧһΧ֮ڡ
һΧκ쳣߶ȻڵһʱӦԣ
ӣʱȴ˫ֱĶҶȻ֮⣬ûйעκˡ
ôķ˼ҴɣˣʲôŲģʮӶʮӣ˭Ҳܱ֤ԼҾһֱѹű˼Ҳǣ
ķûдԼӦһ˿ŭֱܿЦ˵ҲǸЩ
һЩΧҩ޵ע⡣
ЦһֱڳŸոջ˵ҩ˾޴ͻơŻѧϰ뷨ˣҵҩׯƿؼҺúоо
ķЦǺǵ˵
˵ﻰĶܵҩһҪǮɣĲ˵ֻ˵ôĽ飬ֱӰЩҩһһƿ͵
ȻķЦݺȻӦЩǿջЦζ
һʱˬ£ӦԼ˵ø˿ʼע⵽ߡ
ǵΧЩ޵֪ķ֮󣬱ǿʼ
ļҵĶүܵҵҩׯҩζʲô
ǺǣȻһμûȥãٵĽ֮󣬻ҹĿ࿴ء
ΧЩҵķ˫ƽ͵˵
ǱȲĶЩ̰˶ΪǸѧ竣ȴû뵽ǾȻƭˡĶǰʵǲֵһˡ
Ȼô˵ţӦȴ޷ε¶˵ɫ
ķ񣬸ͬʤڸʧһ㡣
ͬķ˵֮ӦֱŤͷһ̨С˺ҺĶٶ˵Щʲôѵû𣿻ȥЩҩһһݳĶٰãĶٿҪȥúоģǸʲôôôûأ
ӦҪһ㣬ҩׯڣ˶ܹһ
ӣ֮ǰûע⵽ޣҲ׷׷쳣ĵطһҩׯˣܿȫ֪ļҶܵҩׯҩ顣
ӦСˣǸæתҩׯĺãûһĹֱżҩӺ˳ȻϹϾĽЩҩ˫ֵݵӦǰ
Ӧûȥӣǳķ˵°͡
С΢΢һûзӦʲô˼ʱվӦԵӱȻһ
еһλǰһһѽЩҩץͬʱǰһ죬ޱĵݵķǰ
ķ˫еĸϸСһЩȻ߽ҩݵǰȴûȥӣŤͷ˿ӣ΢ЦſڵҶЩҩɣչ͵ģôҲ÷˼ҵĺ⡣
ǣ
ķҶӦһṳ̋ǰһķ࣬סߵݹҩ
ҶסҩͬʱݹҩͻȻɫ΢΢£ԭޱɫҲЩ
Ӵֻô˲Ĺ߱ѾɿԼ֣ͬʱؿҶһۺ󣬳Ҷ˹֣תصӵԣӵĶϣ˵˼䡣
˵Ļ󣬱Եı仯ڴҶȻת˳
ǲؿ˿Ҷֿ˿ķЦ˵ƫԶطȻĸ֣ʵ˾ȡο˸֮⣬Ŀѣ۵ˣǣ˽ܵ鰡
˲ײĻķЩ׼㣬̾ı飬һʱҲֲĲݰαװġ
̽ĿѾﵽķɴ㳯Ӧӵ˵ͷﻹЩ飬ҾͲ߶ˣ٣λӣǸɡ
ɣæģߵҲʵ߲ˣͲˡģһʵӦĻһЩȥļҩׯġԺʲôҪõҩҲҡ
Ӧǲߺһ䣬ֱķѾҩׯĴţмĳŵ˿ĭ
ȴǿ
ʼնҶȻȥӰһֱҶȻӰ׵ʧߵкźҡҡͷʵӦղŮӡҲļҵ𣿡
ǣ˵ķδޣδ顣
ӵѯʣӦѸٵĻֺõЦݡ
˼伫ƷڿǣҶδסݾ֮ɫȴû뵽ܹôƫƧĵطԵְŮˡһҪõ
ն˵


186 Ӧ
ķһ˺ܿصլ֮ڣûи֪ģһ˱Ѿķ󣬻ķլԺС
ŶͰûлķѪֹԺӵĴţȻѪլӵ⣬ҶҶȻ鷿
鷿ڷֱҶȻķԼҶ˱ˮ
ķǼҩӵ鷿ϣҶĶ棬ʵ˵ʵΣ
ǿ潻ֵĻҿ϶Ķ֡
ҶЩص˵
жϳƷ𣿡
ӦƷҵʵ϶вࡣǸʦϾҪԶǿͬޣԷ֪һ㣬ȥ̽ңų˸С¶ԷҵʵҲ˶һЩ
Ҷ˼һԼжϡ
ܿǴ𣿡
ķʵ
ûмǣǷǼһڣܹһЩߡ棬Ҫ˵ʶĻȷʵҪǿ̫ࡣȻҲҿ϶Ҳܲ³˾Ųʮ
Ҷ˶٣Ժ󣬼˵˴ŵߣ϶ڼǿߣ֮ǰ̽ǵǸȻнһںͶԷʱ۲ûгֵߡȴ֣ʼգ߶ûбֳκķӦֻ֤ԷûнЩţȻǽھԵǿʵ֮ϡ
˵
ķ˿ڲ裬豭º󣬿ڵ
̽ǵˣѾӵƷڵܹγɾѹƵģҲҪﵽƷϵĲΡڵĶɽϽ˿У͵ĿʮǳأܹӵƷڲǿߵĳǳأ
˵ҶЩ˼ЦЦΪεĽ˵Ҳ֪ȻҵĶˮƽ˵ǳĵӣⶫɽķΧﻹǺġҺһЩǳռλйǺܶ඼ȥУӵƷڲǿߵĳǳءԣʶġȷǵĳǳųĻҲֻʣԻɵĿꡣҸ˸ڡЩӦֱڿǵġ
ɽǣԶܵΪʲôЩ˿һֱͬʺƫƧ֮ʲôЩ˿۵ģ
ķüë˵
ͲˣҲпǿһЩеڷչ뵽ƿ֮ҪͨӵֶΣļʵǰҲйġϾľ̫ңеҲֻڼз棬뷨ֻ֡Ƕڿ˵ȷʵ̫ƫƧˣҪܵչĻʵǼ¡
ҶҲЩԡ
ˣȽǰҪȥ˳ɣͳһģ֪֪ԷоǣҪ֪ȷ̬ȣܸ׼ȷȷӦȥ
ķͬҶ˵
ҶӦһһҲˮֱȻ鷿
ķŽĿŵ˱ӵ鷿ϵǼҩϣߵǰ⼸ҩ𿪣Ȼÿһҩ϶մմִεڵķԼĿг˳
ķͱ۾
ûһᣬķ˫ۣϵıһʱЩŹ֡
ôˣѴ𣿡
һԵҶȻʵ
ҩӦһƷںĽҵҩʦ߲ᳬסҩʦûκҩ㲻ϵżҩľ飬ȫƾҩԼԪƿأǿƳġ
ķ˵ţһöҩڵҶȻǰ
㿴ҩıûκе͡ȫǿһģǵӼȥǵĻȫֵһᡣ֮ҩЧǼƵҩãҲֻΪҩˮƽߡǼҸһҩʦûеԵʡս֮
˼Ҳ˵ˮƽҩûκвˣ
㲻ҩֻǰеĲ϶ѻȻҩ֮УֻƾҩҩĵϣԴﵽЧҩʦ𵽵ΨһãֻԪҩͬʱƸҩĵıѡҩʦĳ谡
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187 һǵ
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һìܵ磬࣬һìܵȺ
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Ե⣬ӦҲֵϡ
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ҲڣֻյĽ˶УеǶˣҺҵļΪʲôҪ֧ңչֳ㹻ļֵ⣡ʲôϵ
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ߣ֪ҪԤӰһǳһЩҪô޴ĴۣҪöô˵ԴܹĴЩ̰ļһƾʲôҪΪңȥô޴
Ե˳̬ƺӵһЩеζҲû˷ôǿӲ
һȶǣȻϹҵ棬ܹӵһȹ̵ĺ󷽣Ҳùڿڵķչӵ࣬رǡܹڰھͽǿڹڣҲȻõ˵ͬҾáҪĴ۶󣬺һǳصջҲֵõġ¡ֻǣ
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˺һŵ˵ͷðɣҾһΣұȥһˣݷǵĳˣϣ㲻ΪԼڡ
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188 ҹ
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վӵĶ棬ֶ
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189 ͬС
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ķĹƣиһҵʱ䣬ҲͻϿԽ֮ǰĵģȫˡ
ΨһЩյǣǸǿȵҩվľ緢ɶ
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ķУֱһѨȫӯϣŻȥѡͻеƷߵľ磬ﵽƷߵĲΡ
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190 ҪײҪ
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˵ļ˴ȫеޣǽҩҩҩЧ֤ܱߵҩһϣ
Ӧһŵı飬̽ϢС˸ظһ顣
С˸æ˵ͷ
ôܣֱ˵˵ǵЩҩҩʦƳģǶ𣡶λҩʦǱȳλҩʦҪӸ߽׵ĴڣļôƳλҩʦõҩ
ӦлĳǰС˺
ǡǶ̽ġүҡûѰ
СӦŭ˿·Ҫһ㡣
ĪȲ˵ļҸҩУôһҹ֮䣬Ƴṩļҩׯ
ӦҧҧŶļҵҩׯܵһָȻͬǰСٴκȥȥƿҩƺͻָĵĸһƿҵҪļݵĳϷ


192 ҵĶԲ
ڣļҩׯھ˹ȥʮ䶬ӭһʢġ
ҸҩׯһƬãȻʱ֮Եģļÿһҩׯȴʼޱȷ
Ȼڳס˿ڶ򣬵嵽޵ȴֻҡ
Щޱ˴֮仹ŸָȦӣʵϣҪЩȦһЩʲôѵ顣
ļҹȷ˻ķ֮󣬱㿪ʼµĽЩ׼
ӽһʱ䣬˽ҩεڵҩׯ⣬ľȫ֮ϡ
Ȼѹʮʱ䣬ҿήҵķ·ûκŤתƵĿܣļȫһѣȻԺǳء
ʼʱ򣬶ļģѾʱڣƳ˱ҸõҩϢ󲿷ֵ޶ǱһֽŽɵ̬ȡ
ļվѾͳǵҩгôʱ䣬Щ޵ĿУȻεռżΪҪĵλ
²ôţЩԸļʱϣۼļҵĸҩׯǰһļҵ״Щʲô

ļҽķһϵʱ䡢ƳЩҩȫ˵˸ҩׯһ׼ʱ
ǽļڵÿһҩׯΧ˸ˮйͨļҩׯڱȫˡ
ÿһҩׯڳˣڽ鶼Ϊ򵥣ֳЧȴÿһĿõ޶з
ΪÿһҩׯڳˣʾŵҩܹﵽҩЧĳ̶ȣ
˵
ļҵЩҩׯ»ָʮʱ֮ǰе𱬵ʢ
й֮
Ϊܶʮʱ̬ϵԹ۵һĳ̶ȡ
رǰһֱҹҩһޣԹĻϣ͸ӵԡ
Ȼ˸õѡЩԭҩׯʵңҲ׷׺ԥȫתͶļҵҩׯ֮¡
ÿһ޶ǣЩҩҩЧ࣬ۼϣȴɱļһֱҩԭۣ
ȻҩׯҩҪһЩԼ۱ȻҪ߳࣡
ȻֻǴҹſʼʱﱸҵäĿţļһУȡ˾޴ĳɹ
ڴֹʱļҹӶЩСȻо飬ӦҲҵ塣
ǽ֮ҩׯЩСԱȺ󣬸С
ʱӦѾõļҩҩԼҵҩһҩЧĶԱ֮Ӧɫѿķ·ܵγˮ
ӦҲԼҩׯܵͻȻ⣬Ŵļҩׯ򵽵ҩ˼ҴҵĳܵĴţԼլķȥ
ҩׯܵˣȴֻڵؿһ֮Ķ棬Ϊӡ
Դȴ޲ߡ
ͬĻ棬ÿһҩׯ֮ڡ
ӦżæŵĻصլ֮ڣһ·СŴԵ鷿ʱԵüͷĿǰһµġڸҩׯű
ڶһۺӦļǵĽԼ˽⵽ϸͬԵһ顣
Ӧ˵ݣԵüëҪšһ𣬳˼Ƭ֮ŽӦǰҩ
Ҳ򿪣ôа˻ȻڵҩλҹǺĽײεҩʦ˵ļˣǣܱߵļǳأҲ֮ȵҩʦʵ벻ͨļôҵõ֮ǿĴڡҵõô˵ԷæָҩļҶȥҲ벻ְɣ
Ҳ¶Щ˼ʵǰļҩȷʵǵҩá
Ӧ˵
ļҵûĻôƵҩҩЧӦѾﵽҩԭܹﵽļޣҪһ㣬иƷ׵ҩʦǱȥСǣƷ׵ҩʦܽķֲҩϣп϶⣡
Եеҩӵǰϣ˵ļҾ벻Ľײεҩʦ뵽Ҳ벻ֲεҩʦɽǷëһȻǿˣҲҪΪϱôܷεֵܵط
ǡ˼ǡ
ӦЩԺ
Ǳ߲ļǸķδ׼ضһȥ취׵㻰̽¾ô¡ڻֻǰʱ䣬ԼȲܻţļҲûԳάҩôһȻͲ⡣
Ե˵ϵı𽥵ӲŶݺݵ˵ҲҪ׼ȥ̽Ϣҩȥλ˿ҾͲţڱ֧֣ѵܱȲļңļҵĵۺĻܵȥչˣôϾô꣡
ǣף


193 Ԥı
Ȼֻһʱ䣬ҩׯڵľȴѾֵչֳˣʲô졣
ڵĳƲҵγԱȵǣļȴһƬĻȸԾ
µһȥļ˶ܵǣÿһ˶˽»ҥţļӵһƷ׳ߵҩʦ
ôġƷʼߵҩһҹֵ֮
ķЩҩߵϢǽ֮ȫġ
ʵϣġϹܼԼҶȻ⣬ļ֪ЩҩﶼķƵģҲķԺЩ˶ѡ
޾飬Ҳֻһ²⣬
ңȻĲûкϸ˵˼޾ҲͲʣ㵼ˣһ磬ļҵҩׯ֮󣬹ھ˭ЩҩҥԣļڣЩΪļҹС֮䣬㣬Ұ汾Ķࡣ
ҪȥӦԼ
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ӦڷŸոǰԺģȷķҶȻһڳڵɺ¥һ
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ô
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ķٺһЦȻԼոдõһֽݵҶȻϣ˵ֽҸףдҩģܵĽչҪκˡҵע⣬ͬʱչҲҪؼҪȫ浽ĵطȥҪǡʱ䣬Ҫдҩĵʱ򣬲֪Ǵļȥġ
ҶȻ΢΢üӹֽ˿дļζҩģһʱӶʡ
Ϊ⼸ζҩķǳƫţҶȻʵ㲻ķҪʲô
ķӣҶȻҲȥѯʣֻǰķһۺתԺӡ
ķǳҶȻıӰ˸ǣȻһЦеĴŰ뿪լ
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ĶԴ˺ɻȻķǲ͵ӣҲûжʡ
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ҪϹܼұҲΪķֵһЩĻĶҪķץ׳ˡ
ҶȻͻȻ֣æµеЩ⣬ҶȻ˵⣬ҽӹķдֽϵɫͱøŨˡ
ֽдļζҩĿһֽֽݸһԵϹܼңȻʵСҪʲô⼸ζҩƽʱҪõĵطСǳƫţڸûжٴΪʲôҪЩȥܵĶڻ
ȿȡүǻ׿ū֪
ϹܼҿֽϵҩģͬһãȻĵѯʣֻεĿ˵
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Ĳδ̫࿼ǣû˵
ܹܼҹӦһ
ȻùܵʱҪܵġǳСʲô鶼ԺҪһӵģҪһֱʲôʲô飬㶼״ĻôС
ԸϹܼңͬҶȻȤһ䡣
ҶȻûԤϵĻͻȻôһ䣬Сʱ˸ͨ͸ԭض˶ź󣬸ɴкûĴ򣬱תֱĶӡ
ҶȻѵ¶Ŀɰӣ鷿ڵĺĴЦ
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ӦȻ²ȴҲ֪ǰӣһѾǼˡ
ֻܴӺǰһЦݵĽķӭӡ
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ӦķŻԼλϣһֿЦ˵
岻ʣԽܹ˳ԷҪԼϱδ޵ģһǵһλӣҲ֪ʶҰʶҵδް
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У̽ҶλҲ̤ǰһһԲϡҪֵơ


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ϣȴǾԲܴɣȻǾһңҲϿء
ǣҪԸЩûκλȨƽͷգԶıֳĬ
ļңȻ
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ٺ٣үҳô󣬻ͷһôŵļһ־˵ļҪǲķˣϴļҪǵ𡭡ǿɾû꣡
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ôһ̳ҾȥͺӦķӦѾ˲ǡ
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ʵӦһЩɱĴܸС
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Ӧ˿ȻЩķô֪ҵͷϾڵȻżЩһЩҲ棬Ӧû롣
ǡʱõĲƷִεڵĿʼӣӦעһʱȫתƵ˲ϡ


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֪ԼĴ㣬ҸղŶҪıݸƭˣʱʱһҪ̽ôݵôʵǱŵء
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ͬҲõ̫ѣ˶ԷԷʹֲˣôһ̤嵱У
ãͶԲߵİѿҪ󼫸ߣͬʱҲԶԷһǳֱ۵жϡ
̵κζʧ󣬶пյʧܡ
ҾѾˣԷϹļʺС
һݵؿķ˵
ϣ˰ɡ
ķ΢΢۾һ顣
ͽϯĹУֳĶҶȻֿķѾɱġ
ֻǾҪδҪӳ顣
Ͼҡڵļ˵ʵǸȻ


197 
غӦԼڻ֮󣬱һʱȥԵլӡ
ѾӦ֪˽緢ļҩׯ飬ȻţȴҲ֪Ӧƭټϴķ׳ЩҲֻ˾ļҵԴ˵ûʲôɡ
һ˽ԵլӴʱԵͬʹҩʦš
ͼ˽ԵæԼλҩʦȴֻϳ͵˵ͷ
ȻֻкĽףҩʦڵĵλȴǼΪȻҽеƷڣҲǿƽƽġ
˶ͼ˵̬ȣҩʦ⡣
ͼ˶ԴȻҲϰߣûбֳκβ˼
һĻԵȻҲ͸ܹһЩǱڵݡ
ͬʱҲԵԼźҩʦദĹУܵޱԵİһָѵʶ
ôʳʲô𣿡
õλϣԵſӦʵ
Ӧʱһ˷ܵص˵ͷȻɫĽǽĹϸĽһ顣
Ӧȫ꣬ԵȴûбֳʲôܵɫüͷĦ˻°ͣſʵضǸķûװĿܣ
һʼпǹ⣬϶ڲ¶ۼĹ۲ҷоٶƵḶ́Լ֮Ӧеӣûκ⡣ҪǣµЩʵʵģ㻻һһƷʦǺķµЩƣҲƱҪģķڻֻ߶ѣô롭Ӧòװ
һűȽȷ˵
Ҳʵ̫С˰ɣķҿеСѣڿЩڱȱȽǣҲСطԵú񻹱Ƚ㣬ҪǷڿķƲ𶡵˻ڽȥ֮ǰ˵ĵģķǰϻٺ٣ҾôɲأķĶװģǿѵλҲ𣿡
ָָԼվŵߣԴ˵
ԭͶȥ֮ǰԵ˵ĹڶķĵǶЩΪȻ
ھôһϵĽӴ͸ΪķǺôԵ˵ô
Եʶ̫ǳɣСطˡôһһէġ
š
ԵǴʵеһ˵һϣȷʵûпκοɵĵطЩļүαװֻ˵λļүǳˣȻǿڣҲҲκһ֮Ტ۵ġȷʵΪĵطܹ
˵߶˶٣˵Ҳǿǣֻ˵ʵ
ĵԵԷġ
ҡҡͷҲԼʵЩˣԭķһЩжϣܶͶǻԵġ
ǶķС㽫ԼαװӵܡֻΪܹļڰȻ˵Ե֮Աǡ
飬ֻڴܳʵС
ΪССʴҲС֪֮Уķ顣
뵽ˣԵ˿һʱȻЩЦ
Լʲôʱհǰ˺ˣǰԼɲѶϡ
֮ǰһʱܴ죬Լʵ˶ҡء
˰ɣҲȷʵЩˣȻй֧֣ļʲôıҲȫõĲǡھԵʵǰκεıֻЦֱѹȥͺˡ
ԵЦԳһ䣬Ž˵ҺͺʦѾ̽һϵʱ䣬ʦóĽۣǺӦ˵ķǳǺϣ룬ķӦȷʵˣ˵ҲӦǿŵġļܹ֮ƳǸõҩиõҩʦΪиõҩ
ûҴµļ´ļõҩ֮ǰҩôҪҩƳҩЧкŽײεҩʦܹҩĵҩЧġû˿йĻŽײεҩʦ֪ǬҲһûУôܵǣȥļҩ
һֱȻҩʦ˿ڣ˵ʱ򣬺ǲмЦһ
˵ģļҪǺͺŽ׵ҩʦǣͻع龩ļұˣһȻܵļӣαػƫǣ
ʦ˵ǣһһʣҲûüʴʦšҩվҩ㲻ϣҪƵĻԪҪͨҽʦҲܹƳɹôûпܡͽ׵ҩʦҵĳַܹҩĵҩЧӳ
Եʵ
ܡ
ʦҡҡͷһ˿˵ǲҩʦ磬Ȼҩ㲻ϵҩһײҩʦҲܹɵĽ֮ƳǶԪϸ΢ƿأԼַϵĲ࣬ȴԶҩҩЧγɸԵӰ졣
ͽҩʦԶ߽ҩʦȥޱȾϸĿԼԪҲԶֻи߽ҩʦŶõЩַΪûо߽ҩʦܹĶ
źʦնԵ׵ķ


198 
ãôͱ÷ǳˡݺʦƶԼӦķ׳Ϣļܹ֮ƳҩЧǵҩȷʵΪһҩҩȻҪ֮ǰҹõҩõöࡣ
ȻļôõģķҲ֪е׷ЩʲôЩҪҪǣֻҪܹҩ㵽֣ôƾӵиǿҩʦ׵طתǰľ棡
Ե˵ԭΪܵļҵķޱȽѾ׵İ
뷨ûκ⣬ҩȫһµ£ƴľҩߵı£
֮ǰЩҵҩׯ֮ʼıļѹţҪԭ򣬾ҵҽʦˮ׼ļҡ
Ҳİ취ϧҪͨṩߵĴļҵҽʦߣľʧܡ
ܹҩߵĲȡƣԵȻֶϱŵˬ
ļҽóЩҩҲȻǺǰͿʼƵģһҹ֮䣬׼ĳôЩõҩȴҪһֱԭҩļСעɲ˴¡ǿһ߳ﱸһߴǶȥȺɢһЩҥԣȻôܴ󣬵ܶǱߡ
Ҳ˵Լ뷨
ֵͦһǣȻļҵõҩôΪʲôڼҩ֮󣬽ҩٵҪҩڼ֮Уⲻҩй©ȥķ𣿡
ӦǿԵʵ
شģȴΪʦҩʦ
룬ӦòļҲٵǻٲ߽ҩʦżڼ¼ҩʱ򣬻ȡһЩַҩ¼һЩǳĲϡǵΣ޷ٵĲʵ̫ЩҲ²ʲôԿ϶ǣϡ档ΪҩʦԼıȽϵҩʹķʽҩܹõıȥҡʵҲ顣
ԭˣǿûκˣǽΨһҪģֻǽҩ͵ˡ
Ӧͷ촽˵
ķȷʵ֪ҩ˭𣿡
Եʵ
Ӧ治֪ϯòΣõĴ𰸶һġҩʲôط˵ļңӦֻһ֪ҩĴŵص㡣ķ˵⣬ļҵҽʦУҲ֪ҩݵġ
Ӧش
ţҪҩȻ֪ʲôطҽʦ֪ҩ͸ˡҽʦҩôȥҩ룬֪䷽ҽʦԲ࣬ĿֻΨһһ
ҽʦֻԲֳùҩͳһΨһҽʦɣһԾܵıסҩܡļ֪ҩҽʦȻļҽʦУˮ׼ߵģҲǶļΪĵģ
Ե·Ħ°ͷ
Ҫô鵽ҽʦֱӽҽʦ𣿡
Ӧͷʵ
ǻļǰȷĿ꣬Ŀȷ֮Щ취öԷòΪãȻӦûỨһЩʱ䡣
ʱǻܶࣿսͷǻļ֮ǰʮûҡ
ûа취ģڵκĶԽܡΪԺ󡭡Ƕǵģ
Ե˵꣬Ťͷ͡
Ȼûʲôټ϶ҲǺЩƣʱҹϮ˵ͷͬԵֱӴںҩʦ뿪ԵլԺ
ȵһȥԵַԸӦȥŮƯģȥޣլӵĿڱֻʣԵˡ
ȷʵķû⣿
ؽ鷿ֽ鷿ŹԵֱӽ§ԼĻʵ
غȻĿʼԵ£ͬʱشţӦûģıֺ¥Ǵεıֲûʲô֮ͬǰڽӴʱֻ̣ܶЩĪ⣬ǽĽӴԿóʵЩСѣڴǻۡûеġ
֪ΪʲôЩ̤ʵ
Ϊѹʵ̫˵㣬ŻỼûʧһҰ滺滺ͻоЩġ
˿Ц
ȥͣ㲻Ұɣ
ȻᣬֻҪǶаģҶ⣬常ÿҵġ
Ҹ㱣֤ξһΣȵǽļҳ׵Ĵ壡ǶǵĽ£ʱٲȥЩ㲻ϲˡ
Եû˵꣬ص˫Ѿס졣
ͬɲһ㣬ʱһ
ֻڳյʱԵŴ˻ǱҪĽˣСһ㣬͵飬ٽ֦
İɣס


199 һļҽʦ԰
ҽͬͣһò̫ͨϲƢҲͦˡ
ļڣ˱ҵĿڱá
ǵģӢļ˺ҲʼӢĶү
ÿһӲ˵¶Ļ
ֻҪᵽңϱֻͿ佱
Ϊһҽʦ
ڵĵһҽʦǣλҩʦ⣬ҲԲбҽʦҸ
Ȼ˽˵ʼΪֻǵıҽĻǳλҩʦˣҲһˮƽǲҵģš
ȻϧǣȻҽԶ˵ȴû˿츳ⱲעҩʦԵ
ܶ˶˶ΪҸеźԼǾûʲô˵ġ
˻ϣȻŸҪȥݵĽɫɫɫܻ֮ͬȮĹ֯Ӵ硣
ʼվãǲӦǶЩԼòĶΪԶҲ֡
ǸӦþԼȥЩѾӵеģøҸ
ҺСʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ĵ
Ϊͺܶ˲ͬںСʱ򲢲ġ
ʱһ¶ҲеһļҿҪʱҡ
ȻǰҴһȺ;ĵطҺӦúһָܸĽ̵ѵ
ࡢܲпᡢÿ춼ѵȥҲµС
Ѿҷǳ㣬Ϊ٣ÿ춼ԳԱ
ǵģܶ˶޷⣬һǼꤵ˵ܹÿ춼ԵñģһҸ
Ѿȥ˼ʮʱ䣬ɿԷǳ϶ĸǣΪҸԸ⸶һУ
ҵѵûг̫õʱ䣬Ϊܿ죬˾ͷ֣Ȼѵϱƽƽϸı׼ѴﵽҽȴԶ˵С
ҾͱһطȻʼרŵġֻѧϰиҽйصĶ
ʲôʱˣ
ȥ̫ãЩǲˡ
ǰǰٹȥʮɣѧɳʦҾ˼ο˰ĳɹƺ󣬱Ϊ˼һϸҽʦңա
ʱļԸȡ֣ʱʼҾͽͬˡ
ûǸʱһμλڵļˣʱǸСƨء
ô˵ƺЩϣȷʵǿڵļ˳ġ
յһ̣Ҳٹһֱ̣
ҽѾʮˣ걻ʮʦΪҽʦٵʮʱΪ˼ϯҽʦڼȢޡӣٵڣҵĶҲѾΪ˼һҽʦָ˸ӡ
Ҵʮʱת۶ţҺҸ
ϲļң֮ǰϻڣųϻᣬͼ˷ͥʱ򣬻ڼ˳װѿʱҶϲҲÿһˡ
Ϊҵļҡ
ҼҵѾ֣ƣ뵱ʱǿǶһƬŵء
ҪļҽʦݣͲܰȢ֡
ûм壬ҿڼʮǰѾڳˣ⼸ʮҸʱ⣬뻹ƻá
˵ƻʣǶүġ
ֻү˵ʵʱǸӣóүӦԼĹ¡
ʵԭͦүģΪǰͼʵǲ̫࣬Ǽ˵ĺӣҲͰˣΪĺӣҲǣ
ƫƫүǷǽ࣬ȥôʮʱûһ׵¡
ԭҪһֱȥҲͰˣ˭һûܺӲǣ
ȴû뵽ӰǰʼүȻͻȻ˸ƵģرڴϺʹүǳԺ󣬸ָڶү֮ǰһ̵ֱ˵ڼĴ
˵ʵԭǲŵģźͶүӴԽԽ࣬ȴǲòʼ˵ˡ
Ϊүʵ̫ˣ
ͬͷģôʮʱҾûܺͶүᲢ۵ˣ
Ȼô㣬ǲ˵ġ
㣬ԲͻȻ;߱ģЩ˵ү֮ǰһ̵ֱҲֻѡˡ
εĲ˼飬Ҳǰʵ˵ǣ
ͶүӴԽ࣬ҾԽֶܷүǺڲ֪ͬүͣΪԼںһʮꡢʶ˽
ֱ̫ˣүһʮ˰
ĿʼΪǰԶүоˡ
Щ˵һ޵ݡ
ɾԤ뵽ү黳ȣ˵Լû˿˵ĵطº͵İοҡ
ľãжүڣʵǼ֮ҡ
ˣҲȻұͬ뷨
ǿʼҵĵڶˣʮǰҵҩͻȻҩЧϳļҺ󣬼ҩׯһղһա
ȻУȴԴ˺ް취һĪչΪҩׯҩܹﵽҩЧѾڿļޡ
ԭҺļҽʦЩˣȴû뵽үȻһҸõҩ
Ҳ֪үôģֻ֪ү壡
ҶôϣܹүΪԼĹףʮǰǰ޲ߡ
֪ǲҵ󣬶үȻĸĻᣡ
쿪ʼ˷֮󣬶ү˽µҵңҸҲһ˵ģޱȼޡԼ˵ޱҪ
Σգնү˵ɹĻǾͻ᳹׵ͬҵĶԿռҪǡֻɣ
ҺԥġޱȼӦ˶үҽүҵЩҪȥεļԺС
һжôѣҪΪ˸
ΪģΪҵļң
ҽͬͣҽʮꡭ
ȻֻǼһͨҽʦԸΪ帶һС


200 Ϊü
常ˣԷѾϹˣĿǰǻڼʹԷĽ׶ΣûнһͶԷӴݾߣԹƻҪһЩʱ䡣
Ե鷿վԵӶ棬һ΢Ц˵
ŶôϹˣûʲôɣôģ
ԵЩ̧ͷ
Ͼûʱ䣬ܹȷĿѾףܿʼĿʩмƻ͸ѵá
ټԵڽԸȥ󣬱㲻ٹעԲŻдһʡ
ԵֶųǿƿļҲ±عס
Ժܶ飬Եֻһȫ֣´һЩҪȥɵĿ꣬ڼ˻ͨķʽﵽĿģԵʡ
ʵߣȻԽҪȹ̸ӿء
ûģκ˶㣬ֻҪܹץס㣬ȻԴǵĿġĿѾȷļҵϯҽʦͬͣͬΪļҵϯҽʦļҵҳӹɵģҲûȥͻƿڣΪ̫ѣҲʵ֡Ǳ㽫ĿŵĶϡ
һ˵ţһƣԵĶ档
һ⣬ͬ͵Ķʶң֪ģһŮӡǻͦƯŮӣǺ˷ĵͬĺͱұһȻʹͬ͵Ķӽ¿ŵһҶĳ˳ˣĿǰǻûĿʼ֣׼죬ʹͬ͵ĶȥŲļҵƱȻһǮʱͬ;Ϊ˶ӣҲҪһЩѡġ
Ľ˵ǻһĽɫҵݺǸͬͽӴκһףȻԼӳ£ټֻҪǲҵˣͬмĸʣ֪ҩ
Ǵݣ
Ե˼һȷⷽк󣬽ſʵ
ȻַӺףܷϵǣȷʵǳЧ
ΪףԷ̫Ļɡ
ǴǳؼݺͬͽнӴԭܺñ죬ֻ˵ǸżȻǣȻļҩǳȤͺáֻҪͬţҩҲļ˵ʲô鷳СͬɣվҩǵġϾ飬Ҫһ̨׵ġ
˵꣬Ե˵ͷԵЩ˵ţ£һǷĵġȻѾ׼òˣҲҪʼﱸˡһΣҪˮӶҽֻҪҩһ֣ʦȷҩٺǾ̿ʼҩϼصҩݣеĴȫչ󲻸ļκηӦʱ䣡
ǣ常ˡ
ţ˵꣬˵ġǸͬ͵Ķӡ˸Ĺϵ𣿡
Եһתԭ̬ȥٺЦʵ
ΪϷ㣬׼ģû뵽ͬ͵ĶȴȻǸӡǳҷʲôȴûǸӣɬˣһǵһμ
һȤ˵
㰡ͬ͵Ķ֪࣬ǻʹֻһ˶Ů˵Ļ밡
Եô˵ţȴѾߵصԡ
ҲֻԹñˡˣ常ˣмҪͬ¡
˵ŻĹѾԵ⿪˿ӡ
˵
⼸һһϵʱ䣬ȥһ¥ӶҺܸȤǳҪȥһ
ţǳʲô鷳С¥ƺͳǱ߹ϵһԿǸϲĶȥ¥鷳û뵽ǾԹȥбȻЩ֪ǣС
֮ȥԺһж¥Ĺ㿴ŵ֪ͣصĸ⡣ǹؼʱ̣Ҫļҳ׵Ļ壬ͱ뱣֤ǱʼձȻȥݷùҲõı֤Լ֪صֵѱ᲻ᷭˡվҪԴΪأе飬ԴļΪȣ
Եһ˵ţѾǰһͦصĶصĺ
һЩʵһһ벻ףΪʲô֮ǰǱ߻̬ıֳļҵ֧֣ͳһֱԲǲļҺͳʲôܵЭ飿
Ҳȥ̫͵ҲûнӴ̫ûа취㹻жϣֻ֮Ҫסһ㣬վĳУҲ͹ˡǿκ£ǰǣܴĵߡ
Ե˵쳣ࡣ
֪常׵ġ


201 ٴα𾪵Ҷ
һ磬ѪڽճĿޣҶȻԺ̵Ŷվһԣûȥк鷨йصĶͬҶȻһ𣬶Ŷָ
Ȼ鵱ǰľ粢ߣ֪۾ҶȻҲδţ̵ֽḶ́ŶżĺôҶȻҲܴмȡõ֪ʶ
ҶԺȫڶȤС
ԴѪʽĲѧϰʹҶÿһζУܹظܵԼ켼
ǳϸ΢ʼմڣҶȻһĪĴ̼
ķڿһļҵҽʦһЩ飬ʱѾ꣬ķͬҽʦլ˳԰ҽʦ͵ԺſڣȻҽʦɫУֹס͵Ĳӡ
ȵҽʦ뿪ķ˸ڵˣԼˣȥ鷿ǵļƻչĺ˳Ҫʼһˡ
ŷ׷ͣ£Ȼķ󣬻լӵ鷿
ʲôҿղͬ뿪ʱɫƺЩΡ
ոս鷿ҶȻ㿪ʵ
ûʲô⣬ֻΪ˱֤ƻ˳УǲûнƻݸͬĶӣͬԭǣĶһҽӴôӦûͬʱĶȥ̡ͬû뵽ǣĶӲûиѡͬоǳʧҲԼ塣
ķ˵
ͬһЩ鿴̫ˣûȻҲûߵĺôӲǱ߻ɲŶԣˣҲͬĶӳһѵԺҲа
ҶȻ˵
ţҾôͬ˵ģֻͬƢӣ϶ðԼĶӵһ٣ʱȥȰһ°ɣͬʢŭ֮£ٰѶӴˡ
ķ˵꣬ŶԼ׼ֽͱī
վ鷿ǰ˱ʡ
ʱǰһæյķԣȻضסķűʵ֡
ķֽϣˮĿʼдһҩơ
ʱס˺˫۵ɴͫ˵߶ķıʼͣƶš
˶ķ鷨ûʲôоֻǶķдЩҩĵƺܸȤ
ķһζҩĵҲдֽϣҷеıʺҶڲüԼʵ٣ǡдʲô
ҩư𣿡
ķֵʵ
ܿЩҩĵƣʵǣЩҩʲô𣿡
Ȼҩˣѵ𣿡
ķ˸ۡ
ȿȡʲôҩ
ҶͷԼķ֮Ĺͨǳ˵⡣
ָĺƵҩʲôҩ
ķգգ۾Ȼ˵
ǡûǴĻдҩ֮࣬ǰҩʱʹõҩ࡭ȫһƭҵҩҲȫͬ
ҶһãȻ˵
ķ˿Ҷı飬׹ҶںʲôɵüëɫŹֵķʵòΪƭҵҩǼٵİɣ
ѵģ
ȻģٵôƭùңұҲҩʦİҪǼٵҩһԾԳˣ
ķЦõ˵

Ҷ˴ԼЩεҲǰ
ôҲڼǿߣôܴزѵ죬ɵ˲ɣ
ķ۾˵
һԵŶѪ̲סЦ
ֻҶȻԾûκεķӦѾſϣעȫķдֽУ۾ȫβˡ
ҶɿžͻȻ뵽һ⣬϶ʱޱȾ㵵ɫ
٣˼ǣ֮ǰ׼ҵҩдҩҪõҩȫͬƳҩҩ
ûΨһĲǣдµҩƳҩҩЧϱȸ׼Ƿݣǿ֮ǰʹõҩܹﵽҩЧѾǼˣҪףͱȫµҩУǲϵġ
ķ˵ͷ
ҩԼгģ
Ҷʵ
ʲôеģһײζûдﵽҩֻҪ΢˽ҩͿڵҩƷֱȽϵһĻƵҩҲԸдʮְЧõģԴﵽһ׵ҩЧ
ķ˵⣬ҶѾһĿı顣
һʱʵЩ֪ôԼʱ飡
ԭΪķѾôõʱ䣬ӦϰķЩ˼ı¡
µͷҶͻȻѾΪܵȥ߿ķˣָ߿ķ˵ȴСӣ
Ȼһóʶȥ˰


202 ϰ߾ͺ
ķӣԼ鷿ȫһȻı飬ҶʵҪײǽĳ嶯
ѵֻһ˸оһô
ⷴԵúֻһ˲ƵģǡַӦǲİɣ
ǵ֪֪ζʲôǵ⾿жôĲ˼飡
Ҷ̲סš
ȻֻһʦⲢζҩûκ˽⡣
෴Ҷҩ˽⣬Զͨޡ
Ϊҩͬ߱ĵλʹöʦҩʦ֮䣬ǻཻĻᡣ
Զʦҩʦ֮䣬ҲԶԷ˽
Ϊ˽⣬Ҷףķ˵Щݣжôľˣ
ҩһŷǳӵѧʡ
ӵͬһҩģͲͬҩĽдƣͻֳȫͬҩԺҩ
ķΧڣͶ˵Щ޴ڵҩģһֱϡҩģ緱ǣҲûܹеҩȫͳȫ
Ҳζţͬҩ֮䣬ܹγɵĴϣ޾ģ
һҽʦҽˮƽĸߵͣǶҩĵҩ˽Ƿȫ档
ҩʦ˵ͬˣ
κһֵҩֻͲεĺһ׵ҩҲҪʮֲͬҩںϴȥƵģ
ôҩķһ𣬻֮γɵĸָ˵Ĺϵǻ۵˶Ϳ
Զеҩʦ˵ҩı
Ϊÿһҩճͣǲ֪˼ҩʦŬƣܹģ
ҩĵ̫࣬κҩʦܽҩĵȫҲ͵Ҫĳֹܵĵҩʱҩʦڶҩҩղȫʧܡ
ÿһҩʦĳɳʷ϶һ˺ɫʧʷ
չڣѾҩʦԸΪµҩķĪľʱ䡣
һҩʦǷˮ׼߳׼Ҳͱҩʦ˶ֲͬҩ
ҲʹҩҩʦҪްθߣЩӵжҩҩʦԽĲܽҩ
˱ʹҩʱʧҩԽϡ١ҲԽǵԽԽǱϿƣγ˶Եѭ
ǾǸƷ׵ҩԽԽ٣ȱƷҩҩʦĴ˽ڼ޵ĳ̶ȣʹҩʦƷҲԽԽѣƷ׵ҩʦ͸ӵϡС
ҶĿùʶһЩҩʦ˵ԼҩˣѾӵгҩ£ƵĹУΪһЩԼϵĿƳʧ󣬶ҩʧܵ֡
ʧܵԲ
ʶЩҩʦҩʧܵĸʶȿݣҶţӦòǸ
ǻһЩƷѾﵽ˺ףĽײεҩʦ
ܶʱҶãܱΪҩʦʵǶҩһ衣
ʱգҶûмκһҩʦܹķڵҩʱ˵
ֲֻҩҩҩûƷ
ȻҶҲţֲֻƷҩôһЩĽ׵ҩʦԸĻֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ҳܹгҩġ
ͬķ㣬еġڼûô˼ǰ£ͨͬҩĴ䣬׾ٵȷҩȫͬƫƫҩص㻹ȫһµҩ飬Ҷģδţ
ͬʱҶҲţ֮ҩʦĻôһᱻ֪ҩʦΪǷʧķ裡
ҩ˽ԽˣԽǲķ飡
Ѿ׵סȫȫĵ߸Ҷҩ֪
Ժк˼˺һҶȻЦһķǷǷڵ٣ټˣҾͲӦöϷκ¶ʾȡ
ԣһҪ̬ȲУүԣÿ춼𾪸ʮΰ˴εģǱľʲôøˡԭΪҲүôˣӦϰ˲ǣԭȱ
һԵѪӵ˵ͷͬ˵
ҶʱȻ죬ȴԼһʱе㲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
ˣ˵ЩûõˣѪ֡ѪӣҩҸףĴ󲿷ҩģ֮ǰʵѾ׼ˣҸװˣЩҩķεĶ͵оǣѾϹҸǰصЩҩģӦļ۸ȥ֮һΡҪңֱӴУ
ķȭͷ˵
ѪʱӦһȻżҩֽ뿪լӡ


203 Ϲ
ķԤϵڽʱͨͬͶӵյɹͬ͵ĶӣԼԼļڵĵλ˽Ųõһʱӡ
ӵļңǲʲô嵽˵Ļһǳ˵ˡ
һļң˸˽̰īһӣôƱǻᰴռҹ棬ֱӴԼ̵ģ
ͬ͵ĶӽһҲɸɾҵĶĳкҵĴծ֮ǰˮʱȴȻ·ΪŮˣͬ͵ĶһЩ顣
ֻκΣƺΪʱ
֮Իʹ࣬Ϊ޿أͬ͵Ķԭ嶯֮£Ҫһ֮ȴ׼ֹɱ£ܹȥڶΡ
һУƺ˶֡
󣬸ҵƺͳﻮҲͬķԤǰ㣬ͨ޶ĶծԼŲӿյգҿͬ͵Ķӣ̯ͬơ
׼Ҳ֪ᷢչĵزͬУʼնԼĶӱŻΡ
ϧĶȴǹΣֻǴޱȵʧ
ͬ쳣ŭĵ˵棬ʹĶһ١
ⲢϷͬΪӵΪߡ
ҿһ֣ԼĶΪôݣҲκ⡣
ûεľأζţԼĶпܻ飿
뷨ͬޱȺµͬʱԼӵʧǴﵽ˶㡣
ԽԼĶκȱ㣬ΨܽܵģԼĶӶԼıѣ
ͬʱһʹҲĺ֣ЩҪĶֱӴڵ
˱֣Ȼһ˿ǡ
һΪࡢһϵ̸УͬޱȲԸͬ˶Է
ڶĳӣɶԷȥͬʱͬ͵Ķ˽ԵõӣԷҲȫҳ֮⣬ٸͬһĿ޴ӣ԰οͬ͵ǰǷŭ
ͬҪΪ˸ģķѾμǵǷҩ
ҵ뿪˺ͬͼĵطҺܿʧĳ֮кͬЦһѾðĶӣ˼֮ڡ
һϣ糿һ˫оļ棬һļңﵽ˱˴ҪﵽĿģֻ֮УעҪһʧߡ
ԴʱڴĿϲԽŨȵʧܵʱȻҲԽʹ࡭
ͬͻļ֮󣬸ûжԼĶӽκƣһʱԼĶȥķլԺķϸĽһԼĶӸķ
ķȻȥͬ͵ĶӣֻǺοһòײǿͬ͵Ȱ˵ĺһ㡣
ֻǶҶͬ͵һӣͬȴǼܣķȰ˵ҲʼռҪӳ乫֮ڡ
ȷԼ޷Ȱ˵ͬ͸ı뷨ķҲͬͬ͵Ҫ
ȻͬͣʱΪ˱֤Ǹӵİȫڶҵı׳ɹ֮ǰǸʱͲҪ뿪ˣͬʱҲᰲѪ̶ǵİȫбϡ
ͬ͵Ȼ֪ķҪֻЩĶӣԶİӦʣŲķ£ԼĶ뿪ķլԺ
ֱʱͬ͵ĶӲԺ֪ȫ飬һʱ𾪵Щ˻һ㡣
ֻ𾪣ûвκΪڹжȻֵķŭͬ͵Ķӳ˿һɵͬʱ
һߣԵڵõҩ֮ĵһʱ䣬ҵλʦȻСĽ¼ҩֽݵ˺ʦǰ
λҵĹ͸ҩصĸҩĵԼҸ׼˼ҩģҵĺլ֮Уʼ
ҩڸҩĵĴǳվֻǻƷҩټҵλȻܹﵽĽҩʦƷףҲЩµģƵĹΪ˳
׼õļҩĶû˷ѣܿмݳƷҩԵҪǰ
Ե͸æˣʼʵƵҩҩЧıϾΡ
յóĽܣҩûκ⣡
ƳҩģҩЧҪã
Ҳ˵ͬͲûƭǣⷽӣģ
ҩЧõԭȻڼҩʦˮ׼ߣ
Ե㵱ϵ´ȫչҩҩ
ΪһǵҩʼôļƱؾͻ⣬ΪĴļһֲԵѾ˺ݵҪҩƳ֮ǰѳҩϵҩģȫգ


204 ˵˼άʽ
ǶڻЩҩģѾһң׿ǶڻչʱѵӣȻֻһңѾ׬ȡ˲󡣡
ĵ鷿޾һ˷ܵؽЩļҩгϵն
ķҪ֮ǰչڻЩҩģļҲûдڼ֮ڣҲûдļһš
ͨһЩпẉ̂һпǳ
ټҲûⷽϾȫȥ飬Ҳûʲô״ڻ桢̧ۼ۵ȡ˿ǰĳɹ
ڵȥƵĻյеҩȫܹ꣬׬ȡ󣬽Ͷɱİ˱ңһ֣ӦѾܹͬóȫˮˡ
㱨ϣ޾ԼλȴһƬĺ档
Ĳûж޾Ļ㱨κֻۣŤͷһԵķ
Ŀǰҩĵۼߵˣ
ķ˼º󣬿ʵ
ĿǰѾչ۸ңǰмȥҲﵽ˲м۵룬Ѿ۷ȵļˡչĹڼеĻ޷۸ᵽ̶ȵġϾҪǺܶණһԼ۸̫࣬Ҳỳɵġ
޾ش
ڵļ۸ȻһķΧ֮ڣ˿ɥĲһչ£ҩĵۼûϸ̫࣬ǲеġڿҩѾ࣬ҲûȥƣʱڵǵĿĲʱҿʼǷ𷴹ʱóҩȥҴ̨õĽ
ķҡҡͷ޾˵ͬ
ҩĵۼۣ϶ҷġ۸Ѿڣͬҩĵ۸񡭡ҷ˶ߣǵòʧ
޾üͷЩķҪ
Ҫ̫С鿴̫أӰ쵽жϡܶʱ򣬹ɵĽһ¡Ӧ׿ļаݵĽɫܵվ͹۵ĽǶȥ⡣
ķʼ磬˵ҩĵĶˣʲôˣԶ׷˵ıɫԶΪԼƷѾ㹻һƷļֵʹڶԼֵ޹أֻغǸԸ߼ȥˣܹļ۸񡣵ǰԣڴչЩҩģԸ⸶ļ۸Ѿ˶ĳ̶ȡȻˣΪԶֻ׷ˣôܼǣ
˼ǡ
޾Щķ뷨
ûûɣ˼סΪ׷棬óһȻѾڳһƣ㲻ֿ˭أ۸̧߾УҪģǽеҩĶȥҪҾܵեɣĿ겻ͬȻҲ᲻ͬͬʱǼҲȥҾЩҩѾôˣǼʱЩӦˡ
ķЦе˵
޾һȻı飬ĵͷү˵ǣ̫ˣȥţηǰҳ׵ĿУ
޾˳ȥſڵԭΪֻҪҵˮӶӵڿĿ겻ֹڴ˰
ȻֹڴˣֻˮӵĻרΪдǷҩڱļֵ϶ҪˣֺαطôĹ򡣿϶ֻһΣȻֻһΣǾͿӸġ
̺ܶʱ򶼺ͶĲûʲôΪǸҩͶȥ˽ˮӣ£ʵѾѡˣΪ˾ζڵͶ붼ҪˮƯȻôˣҲͲ⻨ĸ࣬һ˵ս۶ңǶǣһġ
ķ˫΢УȻΪºͣȴһ˿ɱ
ĲÿɷĿķȻ̾˿Щε˵֪һ£㾿ʲôʱЩȤĶչֳԽԽ࣬ǿʼɣ㾿ǲҵĶӡ
һֱΪӦͿʼָпˡ
ķЦ˵
ȷʵָпˣֻʼʱΪԼܹ𽥵ϰߡʱƣȴԼûϰߣпƵԽԽܼɲʲôͷ
һ̾Ϣ˵˿Բ²ãĳЩǿĴڿУ̶ڸЩǸ֮վǲһҺֲ²⣬ӦǴġ
ķƫͷ룬˵״ˣΨһܸ˵ǣһܳܳΣǸѧһС
Σ
Σ

һĬ
ķǳ𣬿ųĬģ˵ʱҲˣҪʼµҩҽзƣȻȥˡ
ţȥɣСĵұȻǣҲܱ֤Է߳ŭһЩݵ顣
֪ġ


205 ľϲ
⼸׼ҩҩѾķլԺ
еļʹǶֻΪһλˮƽ߳ҩʦҩʦסķԺ
û뵽ΪЩҩģʵķ
ܴûļλƷ׵ҩʦļҵʹУܻôڰҩĵʱĿùλҩʦҩ
ѯҩĹʱЩ˾ͻɫĽνľһ顣
Ȼÿ˽Ĺ̶ͬЩ˵ȴҪ
Ҫǣǵĺģ㣬Ǽ١
ЩйļһǿҩʦĴţļĻɫ
ܿļΧǵȦ
һЩ˶Դ˽ŽɣһЩǻȻ
ΪʵңǶִ֮Աǡ
ÿһ˶ΪԼ뷨ȷģΪΪ޴
ķصլԺ󣬱ٴνԼصƫ֮С
һεҩ̣ҶȻ⣬ǻŶ뵽С
ʲôԭ򣬴Ŷҩǳĺ棬ǿҪС
ķҲûоܾ
ڵŶھҶȻʱĵ̺ѾԷǳԪ
ھԵʣŶܹԪǳϡδĳɳռ伫ŶѾʼչֳһЩͨȫͬʡ
״̬µŶԼǿҶȻΪֻŶΪһ޵Ļɽһ˷ѡ
ԭķûнҶȻ˵£֮ԽŶΪޣҲǳκϵĿģֻΪԼӦŶ¡
ŶΪ֮ǰŶϵĵǱҪôҪõ̬ȡ
Ҫ˵ŶʲôڴĻǵǲڵġ
ķû뵽ǣʼҩûһʱ䣬ŶȻһԣֻͨϵĹ۲ҩḶ́ȻЩģģҩַ
ȻƲɱʧܶա
Ŷչֳֶҩԣķ𾪣
Ϊ÷ǳŶ֮ҩʧܣʵûκιϵȫھ鲻㣬Ƶ̫ɬĻƿϳ⣬Ź
ڸûѧκҩ֪ʶŶ˵һ㣬ʵЩ˼顣
ʵ˵ķʶԼҩУܵļٶȣԱŶܹĿЩʲô
Ƶʱķʼջֳһ־۲ŶһԵľٶһŶƳ⣬ἰʱĳѡ
ֲҩķ˵ûκѹԼǷĶãҲκ⡣
ҶȻǳÿȡҩ⣬ʱΪվŶԣŶ׾ѧϰҩ
ҶȻҩ˵һϲͨ˿Ŷܹ˿ı֣ҲΪ塣
ֻСĹķʶĽ̵֮£ŶȻĳɹóķƵҩ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰŶûκεҩ֪ʶҲûѧϰκͬҩйصݣ
˵ҩʦյЩˣͨҽʦЩʶŶҲȫû˵ġ
ɾָɾֽ£ķһЩ㵽ֹĽڣȻͨķҩ̵ģ£ɹƳ˳Ʒ
Ʒֻǲҩϵҩĵȼ
Ҳźܴһأҩĸá
Ŷչֳֶҩ츳㹻ľˣ
ٵҩ츳۵ĻķǱȲŶġöصĽָΪνƿҲˡ
ŶƳ˳ƷΪһγɹޱ˷ܵĺҶȻһӣķ̲סԼıǼ⡣
ԺǺȻһ֯ڲҩʦڴҩ֪ʶʱпһ仰
ЩˣΪҩģ
Ŷ˰ɣ
ķЩпţȴǺȻŶΪ˷ܶŵҶȻʱϵı鿴൱Ρ
ҶȻԲϰں˽ܵĽӴƫƫŶľٶҶȻֲ֪ξֻܾŶ㷢ּԼȴʵоܲӦ
ͷһοҶȻ޴ӣķĸȤ
ֱҶȻݺݵصһ֮ķŸɿһŶҶȻȻѯŶǷԸѧϰҩ
ŶķЩԣķѯʵǷǳ϶ص˵ͷ
һȸԾӣȻŶҩκο﷦ζĵط¡ǳĿ֡
ķҲͲٶ˵תʼר־ģŶ̵


206 츳׿Ŷ
ʱķ㽫ԼĺעȫתƵŶϡ
ŵǰƵҩҪЩҩģʼŶһЩĽ̵
ЩҩܹļҪҩֲֻҩڱ֤ҩȲӰǰ£ķҲŶȥоܷƳҩ
ŶҩֳԺ츳̫ˣķûȫͰĴĶʼ
ǻ֮佻ţһ߽ŶЩҩĻʶԼһЩҩĵҩͬҩ֮˵ĹϵһŶһֱҩĹȥϤ
ûκһҩʦڸոսӴҩʱķʽȥѧϰġ
ΪҩʦĽڷʽͲʺǣ
û㹻ҩ֪ʶΪǰ£óȻĽҩֻͬ˷ʱ䡣
ƫƫŶȴķֽڷʽУͬһļȡһܼȡĶ
ķоϲǣֽڷʽԣŶûҩʦӡ
ѧϰĹУŶǻ˼롣
Щ뷨һЩķδǹģ
ǻҩʦѧϰĻô˽ķڵĶӲȻȫȫİķڵĹȥԭظ⣬Բеڶֽ
ƫƫŶȴǻָԼ뷨ǳȥ̽Ѱ
뷨ھʵ̽Ѱ󣬱ֻ֤뻯ͷûκʵֵĿܣķҲɸоޱȵ⡣
ΪŶ߱һҩʦʣǾǴ
ڼķҲΪѯʹŶΪʲôѧϰҩĹУܻиָͷӿ֡
ŶԴ˵ãȻķһǶǵĽͺķǴµŶ˼
Ϊ֪ҩĹУʲôǲģȻȻ뷨ͻܶ࣡
ԭķΪڻҩ֪ʶյѷǰڻἫŶҩϵĽ
ڿⷴʲô£
ڲ˽⣬ԷûбЩס
ܻܿ˶߲ٵ·ȻԿţȻҲͲ̫⡣
ķޱȵȷţŶеҩѧһҩʦеҩѧȫͬģ
ȷһķٶŶκҩѧ֪ʶͳʶֻǲϵظŶҩ߱ĻҩԣԼҪͨķʽܶһζҩĽȷжϡ
ĶŶɷӵĺá
һǻ뷨ҩʦֻиֵɣչֳȫĹâ
һŶѧϰҩǰڹУչȽϻҪʧܵĽȴһڱ׵ģ
ķԤУַǳѧϰʽɳŶܿܽҩУһĵ·
ЩˡȷʵΪҩġ
ָп£ķڽ̵Ŷĵ죬㿪ʼ󲿷ֵƹŶȥ
ķԼԶŶн̵⣬ֻǲͣش߶ҩŶƹ̣ЩҩƳ
ȻŶ޷ʹҩԵʣյĻʼķпƣŶƵǰڹЩ׼ѾԽԽ졣
еҩĶƳɼҪҩʱŶѾͨһЩҩĻ֮Ĳͬ䣬еȥоΪ򵥵ҩˣ
ЩҩĵȼҲǲģںͨҽʦʹõҩҲֻܹǿôһ˿ѡ
ķѾ㹻漣һѧϰٶȣ
Ͼһżʱ䰡
ŶչֳҩϵѾȫԴﵽһҩʦˮƽˣ
ȱģֻҩնѣ
ķţٸŶʱȥѧϰȻŶṩһݳһ׵ҩ䷽ԼһͨҩôŶһܹƳһײεĵҩ
ֲֿѧϰٶȣԶԶĳһѧϰҩʱı֣
ҩ̵ĽķŶҶȻ߳ƫʵĽķԽԼʵ̫Щ
ܹƿصһǳĶʦһһδǰ;ҩʦ
עҪΪʥļһҲᣬʮѪҲĵ֮£ӵ˸ķչռ䡣
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ڵľ磬ҪʺϹܼҷõĵҩΪǿҩĸ£ƵĳɹʵҲ̫ͣվǴﵽķԤڡ
Щҩ϶Ẕ́ԪãܹϹܼҾĻָЩ˷ѵЩʱ䡣
¥͹
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һ䣬˵ƺ¥סˣ뿪¥֮ǰΪ˸л¥⼸չˣһιΪԼлĻݳȥһ£¥Ҳ˵
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޿ɺǣţ֪ˣҶҶ㣬һȥɡ
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Ŷ⼸ʱһֱڸ߶Ƚŵѧϰ״̬УʱǴƫҲʱŶϢϢˡ
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ķҶȻĳִ޾ڻ㱨ݣ޾ֻǿķһۺ󣬱˷ܵؿڵүҲˣԭ㱨֮ǰҲһģֻǼ˵⼸һֱҩûгԾûǰȥš
ţеҩĶѾˣƷܹ֤ҩׯһҵģһὫƵķ̸ҽʦҼҩиȡﵽǼҽʦȥƣҲܹﵽ⼸ҩҩЧˮƽ
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޾ǿĴЦ˵նүķԸЩѾжڻҩﶼ߼۵ңЩʱ䣬ҲһֱڸṩǵҩҩƣͨЩĻۣѾ࣬ǵ鱨ûĻӦǴ쿪ʼǽз
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˵޾˷ܵɫѾȡ
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ҩչʱǽҩĵļ۸̧˶ôŵĳ̶ȣҶ˻ЩԹ⣬ȴյȫգô̵ʱҲս˻Ի͡
Ǿû𣿡
޾˵ЩݣķҲǳ׵ķɵЦŴȤ
һ׼˳ɣҪģֻոˡ
ƷչڣѾκη̵Ŀܡ
ֻڣļǴһڽֱ£ϸʵġһһȥ׽
Ȼֻôͬ⣬Щҵһв˵ǳ׵ռǵгǿƵЩˣȫûкùӳԡ
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֮ǰƵЩҩ˶ˣҴ쿪ʼзҲô쿪ʼͶµҩ֮ǰƵģҲȫˡ
ûʣ¶ˣԭϵ࣬ǰɱ޵Ҳ࣬ʱҩ󣬿ҩڽ֮󣬶໹֧ŸСҡ
ǾͺãھֻʣˣҪСЩұƼ˺󣬺ơ֮⣬ǵҪﱸҩĵתˣʱĴģѾѳҩĶ˸ɾýܻвСӰ졣ⷽҪһЩ
ǣү
ţľûɶˣܹܼңҸ׼ҩԼ״ã롭öãʵͻһ췭ظı仯ˡ
ķŤͷϹܼҡ
ԭԵϹܼңķ仰󣬶ʱ̧ͷ
˫һƬβסļ֮ɫ
лү
ԼˣͲ˵Щˡ
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208 Ȧ
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֪һܹΪƶĻֻ֮һҲãΪҪĴۣǶԸġ
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һֱ˵ĻȻÿһ˶ͣȴҲ̫ĶΪƶÿһ˶̬ͬȣȻҲû׽Զ֮֡
ûʲôʼձĳ΢ƽ⡣
ȻԴӲǰķ裬ɹĵõƶƶĹ뷿жɹһϵʱ֮ЩΪԶķ˱Ŀʼסˡ
ֻǺܿϧȻ֮ʱЩ˶Ϊ˷Ѿ˼ƶڹϵչƶҲȷʵʱֳ˼Σһģ˵뷨˿ա
Ѿʼ𽥵Ϊʵ޷⣬ΪʲôƶܹķȴԸǣ
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Ȼ֪ƶж󣬵Ҳʵû뵽Ȼŵĵز
Ͼֻǵ볡Ѷѣ㶨֮ߣ볡⣬Ȼһϻбؼǣ㻨ôӣȴֻǿһƶݶѡ
ҶֻѺܹõĻر֮䣬ʵ̫ɱЩ
ÿ˶нҵֻһĻᣬҲԸȥ£ο⼸һλˡ¥ϰǸˣȻ֪ȥϵ㣬Լܹȡ󻯡ǧһλ볡ѿߵףʵֻǽЩεȫ֮ѡ
ķ￴˿ЩѾ¥ǰﲻĽ¥ͥԺȺ˵ڳЩȨƺǮ˵û˻ƵһǧӡǶЩСƽʱҲǮ¥ǲһǧпƽʱꡢһĻѡ¥ϰһλһϵʱ׬ӯͬʱݳĲΣ̧ߵһڻϴﵽ˼޵ĸ߶ȡ
ԭˣҲ˵һǧȻܶ࣬ǡǡһȦӡַķʽҲպ˵ĳĸԸȥӣ˿Ϊֻʲôֵĵط
ҶȻ˵
ûܶʱ㻨Ӿ಻࣬ؼ㽫ӻʲôطϣ˭һЩӡ
ķһ˵ţһԼ·Ȼߵ¥ͥԺǰԼ˳
ԱһƱ֧볡ķá
ͦŴӣһ̵ӣϾŨС˹ĿУǴͳһǧƱݸͥԺǰǮʷ
ȻһȻĿ˿ܣĿȴǺܿĶķϡ
ΪʱķѾʾʷڿķ֮ûиķȡκηãкһС˹ǰķһˣͥԺǰ˽ȥ
ͦŴӵĸʱ㲻ˡ
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ֱָѾͥԺķһˣµ


209 Ҿķ
Ȼ¥ͥԺǰ˺ܶ࣬ڶͷģ˳Ϊ֣࣬ȴҲûжôӡ
Ըһɤӵܲ󣬵Χ˸
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ǽȴͬǰ¥֮ǰԼļѾһ١
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ʱھƾĴ̼£ԭĽֱӱԺ
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ټǰĶͷˣв˽ºԹ䣬Ȼһ±˴˵Ĺϵ
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ʷƱµݵԼǰ̵ɫʱͬһ㣬·оԼ˾޴һ㣬һѽǰƱȻô˵ǰؽǧƱ˺룡
ΪΪǧ𣡸㣬ǧѣһҪһ˵
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ķҶȻǺɵִУûȳ˷ӦҶѾȻһһĺܿ콫ڵ˴εͬʱһӣ˱ֱҶֱӴ¥ǰӵϰ֮Ľֵϡ
ҶҲһЩ壬˲ˤʲôôֳɵʹڱӳȥ󣬴ص˲䣬ķ˲ҽе
⸻̻ǱȽϳУҲһӶġȫġӵʦޡ
ΧһЩȻ֪Щģȴû뵽ʦҶĶ޷κηľٶһʱ䣬֪ʦʵ˶Ϊ㵵ؿҶǰ²Ҷĸ֡
ķǻ¥ǰƽ˵Ҫ˵Ҿ͸˵¥ҵҿԲĴ˹ۿݳûн¥ֱӰѾǸλˡֻҼȻǵңô¥ݳλȻȨȥۿҲλ¡
˵ķ˶٣ΧĿⶼеԼϺŽ˵¥вȻǶҵĲҪ£ҾͲӲҰѻ˵ˣ˭òƽͳ̹ϯλҲˣ¥ҲӴԴвĵطҲ¥鷳Գ
ķٴλ¥ǰһ˵ҾķҲΪֹΨһҹ뷿ˣ
ʱһƬȻ


210 ʶ
ղΪʲôҪ㲻ȥԤ¥ҲὫ鴦õģƢҲϲϳͷˣʲôĿ𣿡
¥һ¥̨ĵһλϣҶȻŤͷԵķʵ
ʱѾ˲һλݳûпʼЩ˶Լλϣ¥ṩĹϹ֮ͬš
һ¥ԵЩ֡
ûʲôֻչһԼĴڸСȻڷǳվֻ竵Ȧʶҵ˲ࡣٽϻȺа˳ҵˣûҵġ
ķڻش
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ķԺ֯ԣ˵
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ķȴûеȴҶȻĻش𣬶ǽ˵ϣѴģԶġǲָͨһЩݣȥѹȡ֮ͷֻҪ㹻棬Ҳ˲仯õİ취η壡ʼվãǵ뷨һʧܣκγɹĿܡ
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ķʼ磬˿ϣ˵һ壬Ȼ޷ȥη壬Ϊļ壬εǿҲֻɲǼšҪʼԼܹչֳǿӲȫչֳǿļҵδֻڸʢףļԶǵԤڣΨˣպܻԾ˼
Ҳ˵¥ſڷ飬ֻһʼϣ㻹иһĶ
Ȼ¥ſڵ飬ֻһС⣬ҲûԤϵᷢ״ǲӰҽȥԼ̬ȡǫ̃Ϊۼ˾ϣܹȥӰ쵽֮ϣһǵˣʶҡ
ķ΢΢˫ۣƽ˵
ҪΪƶʶɣ
ҶȻָ˵
ķһϣԭΪĪɫʱ


211 ̰
ֹ˴ʮӵʱ䣬¥һ¥ڷźõЩΣȫˣͥԺĴţҲѾ׵Ĺ
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ֱ仯ԣȴԸ˴ȫͬĸо
һţһֻڷôʮӣʱķһ⣬ļȫţڷ׷ײ²Ż˭ǰͬʱķһҲΪ档
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ΪϣͺȻ֣ƶһϵ裬ȻԶҪߵĶ࣡
ҲԸۣʵǰϲ仯
ֻ޷ǣȻƶϵľѾ֮ߣķôһ۷
ѵ˵ķҲǸţ
뵽͵ԺȻı֮ǰķһԷʱУķֳַԹǫ
ͱҡҡͷνķҲŵ뷨Ժ˦˳ȥ
϶Ǵˣ
ƶԭ㿴ķνӵ˵ֻһڰˡ
ͬʱҲԽķƣ
ƶῴķԭ򡭡ǴƶŮȥǣټ֮ǰԵҵУֳ˶ļҵƫ̻ؼһƺ𰸱֮ˡ
ͲͣԺ˼ţǲ֪䣬һ൱硣
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ʱƶڿʼ˵ӵࡣ
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ܶԾڸ棬ֻǾ˼ʲôֻԼ֪ˡ
ֱ˲֮һҵĽ֮󣬴󲿷ŴεڵĴӸԵ˼г˳
ȻѾ©ǰĲ֣ЩڽУûиܵͬǰʱ
Ȼ֮ԻĽ©ӵĿͷ⣬ҲӱżĹϵ
Ȼ˶ĶɣϾǸ󣬾ûԹҲܼܣԶļܻеġ
ƶӣǰԵĲ࣡
ܵгĻɷǳĺ˵Ķȴܾƺ˵ʲô
ɾЩʲô˵ֻǸоΪ졣
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뵽һֹİС
ǰڽʱ򣬴ҲһƬְȴ˶֮Уһʱ԰Σγİ
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ÿһ˵ֵģҲȫĳ˵ĹŹֱ顣
ӣ֮ǰʮеһλĻǶޱȾޣΪһǧҲ֮ġ
ƶϣЩ˺Щ޷ˡ
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ҵĵӣ֮ͬǰ˵ǰӣΪ˷ֱлˣӣΪѰһˡ
ƶ߲ûʲô㣬ȴҲΪˣÿһˣΪƶڿԼ
һӸлĶ٣Ϊܹ֮ɣͬʱһҲܹһЩҪ鹦ĶٸҵУԼҿ˸ա
˵ƶٴγķϹȻ˵ڶӸлҵĸףΪҵĸ׸ܹϣڿƽֵĳ󣬲ӵӵеһС
ӣ覴ãһ˵ȱݣͷβ·ȱ˿Գ֮ΪĶҿұ֤ѾãѾעȫѪ޷ٰдĸΪԹҪȥĶκεĸĶõĽ޷⣬κεĸĶֻΪƽӹ
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£ʱһƬȻ
һֱͣǸ˷ܵĳ졣
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ķɫ֮ԱùŹ֣Ϊӡһһӣ
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ͬʱķҲķЩԥȷԼǲӦһǰ㣬ȥӰƶĳɳ̡
ΪȷţӰ쾿ζǺûǻǰƶȫµɾ磬ƺĳɳ̣ԺµУȥʵµĸ߷塣
˭֪ǲǰ
ķĬĬ˼ŵʱڴѾԼλվͬʱ̨֮ȥ
ߵûȫţһɶϣֻ֮ǰ̽Ҷ͵
ʱֻͺվ˵һʱ˵Ŀ⡣
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ҲǸ͵ϣһǰһһһٵϣȴƶ¶ɻ
֣ǼͣСʱʼһֱңδйƬ롣
ƶĲ⣬΢Цſڽ͵
ƶ΢΢ףͬʱǷǷ
֮ǰӣʵ֮ԡʥ֮С˵ԿĻҲǼʶ㣬Сɴҵ࣬κ޷֮ǰȡ
Ϊ˵ͣ£ƶ䡣
κƶȻЩʣȴȥӭϣ͵ͣ٣ıֻһεĳĬ
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ƶٴüգգ۾ȴҲûж˵ʲôֻǲԼ˳
ͱűϵķȣƶһߵƶǰȥ
ʱȴڻ֮ı˴ѯţΪЩ˺Ȼ֣ǾȻȫʶǰͻȻ̨ˣ
Ҫ֪ܹˣ˴֮㲻ϤҲȻǻġ
ȦӵĲԽߣȻҲԽ٣֮ĽͻԽƵͬ˭ʶӦóֲŶԡ
ֻѯʣעʲô
˻֮ŵʱѾ˫ָ٣ʼԼĵ࣡

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ʶӵѾǳĸٴֳЩ˵ķӦЧǷǳġ
˶Ƿܹ۷ƶʵѾʮİա
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ԭΪȻɫ΢΢һȴǺȻŤͷ˵ˣҷŵѾ㹻ɫ˰ɣ룬ӦÿԴﵽҶҪˣڳλķӦ֤һ㡣ҶǾ֮ͨˣԣܹһ֤С
λӣȷʵŵ˵ûκ塣
ƶƽ˵
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вĻ˵ļأƶüͷͬʱҲôļȫ˲ɫ
˾ʲôͷ
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ȻӴĴ٣ȴҲܹóԼҵĳǲˡ
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ƶǰеɫͣ˿ƽؿڵҷ˵ģӣгԹȥ޸ġҲȡ޸ķʽȴյĽֻΪƽӹǡùӷֵķʽҲҳԹ޸ķʽ֮һȻĳЩϸвͬȴǷǳһµġ
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ԭԥŵķʱ˸ۣε̾˿֪ԼҲˣֻҶȻСֺ̨֮ȥ


219 ϣ
ķ̨վƶԡ
ԭѾߵԼλǰҲͣ˽Ųûоôλתһؿ̨ϵķ
ؿͻ󣬱ͬ˵ЩʲôǴʱ͵ɫѾҪѿڶĻӲı˻ȥ
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ߵȰ棬͵̲ס鶯£ͬʱ˲ͷɫȴվûٶ˵ʲôֻǿ̨֮ϵԽ
ʱվ̨ϵķѾͬ˴кֺƶЦڷҺִ֮λУһЩ˵ģҲһЩıȽϺͿҾͼ򵥵Ľһ£ҲΪӵãֻȷʵû壬ΪҪӣܹǧŵľ֮˵Ӻȴ޷ټԵӽκԭ򡣡
ҷͬǰӵȻ࣬յĽȴֻ˵ƽӹҳʱȷʵоޱȵö֮󣬻ὫҲλ¶ô̵ӡ⡭Ҫġ
ķĽͣһЩ˶ʱ¶һԭ˵ı顣
ͬʱٻζ·ӣЩ˱㲻òϣȷʵķ˵͵ĵȻëҪ˵˶𺳣ȴҲûеġ
ǸʲôԸλӦö˽⡣ϵ飬ҵҪ֮ߡ˵ǿ̣˵ĻҲһʱ򣬾һϣﵽ֮ߵĳɾ͡ԻӲҪϣҲ㣬ʵһͬʵġ
ķһ˵ţһ߳͹˹֡
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ĺ֮£ƶӣȻ֮ǰʱûκβͬ˵ĶȴǷ·һ㣬ӣȻ˲


220 £
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ƶûȥΧڵһ֮󣬱ٺվƵķǰķһ
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221 ͷ
һЦڰĴԵüΪͻأ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ѭȥͻȻôһģ͡
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ܼ򵥣Ȼ㲻һ㣬ôȻ֮ˡҲţȻᣬȴѾǴҷ緶ӣܹдǣΪ˸ƣһԸۣԼķʽһϵĲŻĽ
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ǣǿɲ˺ҰҰղŵĻ㣬»عصĺãڼϰ˵һףջȥȻֻǵĳͿ˶ٻЩݹϵëˣʰһڵļ壬Ҳʲôѵ飡
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ЦҵҾ͵Ҷûӣ

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Ӧ̲סںǳ
ٴԲӣӻҺȣȡ֡ԸӦ޵Ҫ󣬾ѾǼˣҪһͷкβɣ
ķһ޹ؿ˿ӦŤͷͣһģļ˵ҾһҵĲͷͬ⣬ҾͽǵĿ顣ǲͬ⣬Ǵ¾ʹգҲҪκҺҵ˵ϾȷҾûǸ£ֺαͷʲôҪҵͷû֤ԼĻҲͽ𣿶㱾ʵȷŵĻҾҪӣҺҵνɣǺξˣ
ķ𽥸˵ɫ·öԼҴӦһʱŭӿ嶯ֱӵͷãҴӦͷ
ӣ⡭ⲻܴӦ
Ӧʱʧɫ
ôѵһ𣿡
ͻȻŤͷĿΪΣյĿӦ
ǡֻǡֻⲼ⡭ڼ˵ʵ̫ҪҡҲ
͵ɵһ£ӦͰ͵˵
ߣֻͷѣķƣôб½ǼҵĲӮߣԵǱߣһȥ˵֮öԣ˵㣡
һ֣ǰ˵
ĴӦˣ
ķһľ㵱ʵ
ûҴӦˣ
Цһ
Ǿ˺λһһ֤ɣͬʱҲٶͷϿɣϾӶ˵ֻˣֿ֪ͷӦһ᲻أ
͵ͷķ΢΢һЦŴˣ˵
ӦܵؾҪܾΪΣյ£վޱȼѵѡͬ⡭


222 
鷢չزʵܶ˱Ѿʶ⡣
ܹռǵϲᣬ㲢δȴҲ޴
ڶļʶϣЩΪµͨ˿ɱȵġ
ԿķôһġȫǰӦı֣ԼΪŭ֮¡ʧȥ侲ҴӦķҪ󣬲һԼЩ˵ļ֤֮£˹֤Щ˾ãûбϿô򵥣һСǰķıڽչ
ֻȻܶ˶⣬ķûнһľٶ֮ǰַֻǲ²⣬ټֳ̬ȣЩ˶ԼĲ²ޱȷţȴҲû˭ɵֲ²Ľ
ͣʱڱŭӰ£ûпôࡣ
ʼռԼжϣȻΪķı¡
غӦλƵˣ˵ǰȴûκμϵķȨ
͵ǿƣʹ˸޷
ʵ⵹Ҳܹǡ
ʵϣڵǰ£˵ˣԵҲԲֹ͡
ķͨһϵеġƱ˴֮䲢ûʲôĶͷӦѾһıȵһĵز
һ졢㹻侲Ҿ㹻ǻ۵ˣܹһ֡
ϧͲǣ
ձγһ޷Ľ
һͷͶҽķ֮һ
ȫʷһκģ
˸о˼ǣó㿰һĶעĸԸҪȥĵġȴֻķһǿûʲôʵ֤
˷˼ĶĲǴӱ˵Ļ˾κһѡš
ֻҪһԴˣܴӦĶĲ
ƫƫڽͿʼ֮ķȴƾһһİţⱾֵܳ顭ʵ
һ˲䣬Ĵ˿̨Ǹոǰķȫоһɷ·͸ĺ⣡
һֱֻƵļҶүȻ˿µ𣡣
ҥԡȻŰ
˶ŸµʱķȴѾӣȻ˫ָҡ
ûеһʱ俪ʼ࣬˫ָҺ̧ͷ͵ķ
ʱͣŭʢ˫ȭգվԵӦȴһŵķ·˶ѾӲһ㡣
صûбֵͬӦǰ㲻ֻɫȴҲޱȵѿ΢΢׵ɫ֤ʱģչֳô򶨡
ķ΢΢һЦȴǰһҡ
ĿģԭֻΪǵϲȦǰչǰЩˣļӵеδǱһΪȷֹ۵֪
ΪԺǵƿأṩıȥ಻Ҫ鷳
ȻĹϵãҲйصĳŵ棬ķԸŵģȻ
ķû뵽ǣ;Ȼڽϱĳ޴һͷײ
һķԽԼĿģǸԴԸֱӽ˽
⡭ټϴҾͻᱻ״ҩׯ⣬͵³çҳ׸ʱ䡭Ҳǰˣ
ԼЩ߰뷨Ժа˳ȥķſͣ΢ЦſڵȻǶҵĿ飬ҪֳһЩźáԽҪӣ˵һɣٸ˵ȥмʱĴ㵯һﵽҪҲȫԼˣǣ
ߣΪҺǰ𣡡
ķ˴ݵЩȴǿֲмӡ
ȻҲ˵ӲһˣȻˣҽʲôӿǧνġɡźá
֮Ĳޣ˭֪ǲ֮ǰҲѾǹǰĳ棬һרŸдӣֻΪĿܣҲҪһģ
εĲмҲԶԼĽ飬ǳ˵󣬽űü˼ܿ죬͵üͷչһ˵˵һɣԡҡΪ⣬һ׺صӣ
Ϊ⣬أ
ķüûоκε˼ԺоѾһףһϲӡ
ٶ˵ϵ˫֣ڿʼ


223 ɽ
һΪɽ顱
һʱȥչĻôһӦóʮ󣬵һλӰʦУ
ʦǴǬ񣬶ǳԵһС֮С
ڵʱĻӰǰӦֻжʮͷֻһλķͨʦûĴκͷ
ķ֮ԶӰ˽⣬ϲɽ顱ֻԭ֮һ
ҪԭڣλӰڶʮԺ󣬽ΪһλĶǿߣ
ʥӰʥں֯ĺڰУģ
ֻڰԸƧһ˷㼸κλڣ԰ںڰеҪӰһλ
ڰ壬ӰǺڰ
Ⱥ֣֮ʵ޹أֻǵΪӰΣգ
һɽ顱ӰڳΪʥ֮ӵУΪһף
ķڵһӵʱµӵĲӰˣҲķ𶯡
ʱķ෽շתлӰԵһɽ顣
ֱڣķܹػ𣬵ʱӰɽʱѾӵľ磬ڶɱУѾޱȼ͵񾭣ȴҲɼûκεֿıӰ죡
ӣķ̡ҲΪϲһ
ķ˫ʮָϿٷ֮ʱ쳹
ƶ֮ǰӵȫͬ
ƶЩҪӵͣ׸лķӣʱҲΪ滺ġ֮󣬲ͻȻһ
ķʱһӣȴǴʼ˲ڣ
ôˣڸոĵһʱ䣬ͷ·ֱӱץһ㣡ɲǼס˺
Ǵûץ˵
ķڿ񱩵֮ûиκȥʱ䣬Ǻ޼϶ı㿪ʼ˽ĵ࣡
ͬһ̼ϯÿһˣһʱ䶼оԼ·ŭеһҶۣƮҡķ·ʱп㸲
Ͷ֮УغӦˣɫһƬ԰ףȴԵ÷ǳḶ́ǲ԰׵ϣ¶ıìܡ
һϣȫһУ
Ƿķƶӵʱ򣬶ûóˣȫ뵽״̬
ʼմּʵġ
ڣķֻƾһһ٣ȴˣ
ӳʱ䲢ɽҪּǹʢ˥ӶʢĿʼһֱ󣬱ռ˹һйԭ̡
ӵУʢǳݣƪĶŹұ˵ֱȫݡ
֮չֲֳҡֲʣŨÿһˣһͬϢľ
ڽ֮󣬴żͬʱ˿
ӵЩ˶ϢȫʱӽǲźȻоһѣǰҲЩȻ׷״ڴڵشϢ
Ҳڴ֮лعֻΧһ𺳵ıȣ͵ɫȴѿķ·ܹγˮ
ȴûĽ
ʵ޷ţķһϣȻӵŵˮ׼
һӵˮ׼Ҫƶһﵽĸ߶ȣһΣ
ʵǰǷԸţ޷ٶķκɡ
һɵˣҲܹóķһڷϺƶȣֱرһ㡣
ӵֲֳҺͺأǳŮ֣֮
Ȼƶǰľ磬ҪһЩַӣҲǲУҵרǿвϤ紴ƾǿʵܹǿôӣˮ׼Ҳﵽĳ̶ȣȴԲܴﵽķһˮƽ
ӹɵģ
ֱʱͲףԼǱķ׵׵İһ
֪һʱĪĳС
áܺáĶٺĻȻҶƭȥˣԣҲⲻ˶õʱˣúϰɣΪһ˯ȵҹ쿪ʼļҽӭҵʧܣߣ
ҧ̨ϵķ˵ֱŤͷŴſȥ
Ȼһϵе飬ʵ޷ټ֮ˡ
ʵ޷˿ĹоԼ·еЦһ㣡
Ӧǿת뿪Ҳæȥ
ֻֻǵԼָоӦȴе
һʧȥȫе⣬˵ҲĴ
еҪϿؼңøĸµҪδ顣
ߣͣҲ֪ļһ᲻˵ʧܣ֪ҵĲУҪˡ٣ȥץʱ䣬㸸׽ӵ鴦áһ磬ҾͻųȥеĲУǳ˺λ֤飬ң
ķվ̨ϣЦе˵
ʱѾ͵ߵ˴ſڵӦʱһģЩֱӵڵϡ
ڴ˵ĿעУĶӡ


224 Ұο
ֱһȫӴĴ˳ȥŽĿ׷תƵķϡ
Ще൱һ֣ʵҲֻǵһۼķ
ķ竺Ͳѧڵĳһ֮ϣǼΪġ
ЩЩ֮ǰûмķģҲķͷ
ֻͨһ飬ȴȫ֣ʵķҥеǸķȫǺ޽ˣ
ַ֣ôļˣһʱ䶼Щꡣ
һᰲųȥҵĲ⣬ǣĶȽ϶࣬ڽֵĹУļҾͲҪͽˡȳеĲȫõ֮㡣
Լվͬվ̨ϵķ˵ôֳƶ˵ͷȻ˳ʱǸȥ
һǰǼҲǸæϣӱݿʼʧ¥ڿҪ뿪Ҳ֪֮ǰǶ㵽ʲôطʱȴ˲³֣ǰߵԣͬһȥ
һϵıݣ˴ʱ˿̣ȻѾ׽ƶʧ˴֮кתķ˸Ȼֳ˳ϵҶȻͬķڵԭƶΪһε࣬ĶһµıˣЩƶһֱϣܹ׷ĶٵĽŲıݣһ֮ǰϲƶˣһ¸лҪһȴǣƶĶһƶʱĽʵЩҪҫС˼ġ
˵ƶȻһЦķ΢΢һ
ȴû뵽ƶ뷨ʵ̫ЩĶһϵľ֮ߣȻѾﵽһƶ޷ĳ̶ȡƶպеʱ⣬ҪһֱŬȥ׷ĽŲˡȻЩܸУģȴ÷ƶһĿꡣҪлĶ÷ƶ˸գһ㣬ԷƶĺҪ
ƶһ˵ţһߺ֣µĳķһ
ˡ
ķ΢΢ͬʱһ
ƶֶĳһޱȳԵˣķһޱصġ
Ϊ˸Ӵ⡣
أǷƶҪ˵Ļ֮⣬ƶͬĶٵǸ֮ǰǴΣڷƶҹ飬ƶʱЩԶĶ˵˼ػºƶÿÿܾá쵰ȥĶ٣ڶ˵ʵЩƫģٲҪ黳ƶʱʵҲΪһʲôûܾáЩ衣
ƶɫԺҲЩ˵
ķû뵽ƶȻ˹ģ뷨˵˳һʱ䷴Щ֪ôȥӻˡ
Ķٲö룬ƶΪҪ뿪ˣ֮ǰЩһֱѻ뷨Ͷ˵֮飬ҸҲѾҽй֤Զٲõʲôᡣʵ
ƶһ٣ٴο˿ʼհŵҶȻ΢ЦżŤͷķ˵ʵƶͦƶ뷿ģͷƶһҹһĶһϵļ⣬Ȼ÷ƶвСջ񡣲ȻȻƶĻʵ̫ЩԽƶͲˣϣٲҪ֡
ȿȣôᡣ
תƵҶȻϣķЩӲϻ
ȻͻȻһ졭Ȼ㲻Ҫˣôٿҷƶƶǲ١
ͻȻôһƶϵĺθŨЩҲķķӦ㳯ҶȻ˸Ȼֱת˺̨ķһ˵̨֮ϡ
ʱķںƶ˵˻Ų֣Ƿ׷Ҳ̨֮ȥ
ǵĿĵǺܼ򵥣ֻķ䣬졣
ķڽϵı֣ʵ̵ӡЩȫʶķĴڵĻؽһޱȾ޴Ĵ
һʱ䣬ƶεȥķһӾͳġ

˵ʲôüעһˣ
峤լԵ鷿ŽŵţһҪʼļҽзҪ׼ų׽ļҴٸļ֮ͬǰȥһĻᡣ
Ҫǰ׼Ĺ࣬涼밲ŵܹս͡
ļô꣬Եļӵ˾ļ˿ӡ
û뵽ոеĲãֻȥոʵʱȴȻһͬϢ
Ե˲Բ˵۾Ӧһ£һʱ侹ǲټ˵ȥ
ͬӦһ̾˿ֻýӹ飬ϸͬԵһ顣
ͣڻصլĵһʱ䣬ֱӻסլӡ
϶˴͵൱ӣﻹԵ顣
ڽвⶼҲûзϡ
˵ֻǼС¶ѡ
ؽ飬Եɫʼڲͣı任š
Ҫϸ˵ĻҲȷʵԼӦûκιϵȫΪ̫Դûκηľֱķ嵱У˵غӦˣҲֳֻҪ͵ƢˣҲֹ͵ľ
չве⣬⼸൱ķ֮һ棬ΪĪԭ򡭡Ҫȫļң
ôҰοԵҲɾôһƽ
¡ֲǡ˾˰ɡ쿪ʼǱܹеҩׯ⣡ò˶ãļҾͻᱻǳ׵ĻܣֻҪռļҩׯķݶôļҾ븲ҲͲԶˣƾʣЩʹߵĲ⣬֧Ų˶õģ
ԵǿԼͷĻ˵
常Ҫвеⶼļ𣿡
Ե˼ƺ飬زɵúǳԾʵ
ΣǸ׳ƣ˺ͳеλһҸˣĳһ磬һᰲųˣеĲȫ⣬Ȼ̵ʱڣ׼нӵ
Եεҡҡͷ˵ԭͶļǰʱ䣬ʹŰݷãʱҲ˳Ĭȴû뵽;ȻԴĵزȻս˵ȨΪ˵ƢȻҪġҾôֳɵİ˳˵ǰôܶǿ
ûİ취ˣ
ӦЩĵʵ
ϣֻҧʣ
ðɡھȥ׼ӵɡ
ؿ˵
ţȥɡͲе˶ˣǱߡκν쮵Ľڡ
ģס


225 Ѫͻ
̿ϴƣǸѵõĺ
ķԼԺһҡϣ۾Ÿʵ̫յ˵
Ѿµһʱ䡣
˶ڰͰԼ飬ҲǱߣ˵һ磬Ҳܹȫֹ
ҩׯǰԤǰ㣬ʣ໹ûľҩȫ¼ܣͬʱʼ˶ҩ
Ҫ¼ܵľҩ٣㲻¼ܴеһҲټ°Ծ¼ܣļ˵Ҳûʲôʧ
ʱԣټҩЧͱ³ҩҩЧõö࣬ؼһҵҩȫ
ø⣬Ը⽫ҩۼۼһϣȫϣҩһƿȥ
ڽһۼ顭ķҲó
Ϊûκ壬ļҲκĳͬʱҳ׵ʧȥеķ֮
֮֮ǰһϵаŶѾĽ׶ΣʱķȴԼһĪľ
һ˸ѨĳӯѾӽβڼ뵽˲һ׶εķǱżڴġ
Ϊһֱڣ˲ݶȻֻͣĻ۽׶Ρ
ķһľ飬ķؼ˵۽׶ֻ𲽣
ɼֻ𲽵Ḷ́Ѿķоһķؼʱ򣬴δܹǿ
ķʵǳĺ棬ܹ˲ߵľ磬ôܹĲΣ
ȻǷ˲ļޣѵ˵еʥͽ֮˲ļ
ҡػζţķ˼ƮЩԶȻͣĵ֮£ȴǸܲ˿
߲ͨεޣԾ޷ȫ¶ȶӰ죬ķȻ֮ͨС
˴ţ˵ҲѾȫϣǿԿʼȥнˡ
ķյʱ򣬰ǰ˵
ҸǱȥžУļĸӵӦֻ֣ĻҪȥġ
ķͷҲ̧˵
ǽʲôұôһҩׯò˶þͻ᳹ټϱĲ⣬ԼЩΪˮӲѺļҵЩһ𣬻˲ɣòҹǽ
ʵ
ǽҲҪ㹻ʵҲǵ飬չǻܵƵģֻҪһ壬Ψһģֻлĳ룬ǲܳಲ׿ҵ£ֱӺǷĳͻǱ߾㹻ֱӽ룬ǿڹٷǰҲƲκεķˣ鵽ڣʵѶˡ
ķ˵ţվ²Ӻ󣬼ΨһȷģֻҾֶܹõʱ䣬ԭ֮ǰǴܼϼµģڣȻⶼȫʧȥҿһڶ֧ŲȥʧȥȫˮӣʱֲκδĽ£ҸǱߺʵĿԴµȫ飬Ҫٹ˷Ѿˡ
˵꣬ķ˸ָŶҶȻԼվһԣʱʱҲ˵ҶǰŶȣȴȻͷһӦԺһ˿صĲ
Ҫͻˣ
ķܵŤͷȥͷ쳣ĲȻԺӵĽϥĿѪԼѪӣ
Ҫͻˣôô죿
ķ΢΢һ󣬷ӦȴĿֱӳ嵽ѪԼѪӵԡ
ķ⣬Ժ˲ûвκ쳣ӵΪҶڶг̶ϣҲķûκεĿɱԡ
ֻǿķͻȻܵѪ̵ԣȴ׾ʲô
ɻûгãҲǼʱ䣬Ժ㿪ʼ쳣Ԫ
ûԺκ׼ʱ䣬Ѫ̱ͬʱԪ
úܽԪǺܿ˴˽֯һ
Ѫ̱ȫɫһףȻġۡһͬʱͻһѪ
ķɫ΢䣬ԥ̤ǰһֱվѪ̵˫ֱ֣Ѫ̵ͷ֮ϣ
ķѪ̱ͬһľҲ£
Ѫ̵ɫӲ԰ףķɫȴǺ
˿ԣҲæ׷ܵ˵ԣǿ˴ʱ״̬ȴ޴֣ȫ֪Ƿʲô״
ʱķȴоԼ·޴ĥ֮УѪԼѪͻھԪʵǹң֯һγɵѹȸУͨߡʦ˵ģ
ķΪʲôͻƵĹУԪȻύ֯һ𣬰˵Ķ˴˵ԪҲǶڵģκνڵĿܡ
ֲܵ飬ƫƫôˣ
ķȥ˼еԭֻܵһʱĲС
Ϊ״̬ʵ̫Σգ
Ԫཻ֯һͻڵѶʮ鷳ǣβܵĻ˾ͱͬһʱ䡢ûκǰͬʱԪǿҲھһµ״̬֮ϣȻܹͻƳΪڣ
⼸¶Ĳ죬Ȼᵼеһͻʧܣ
ͻƵˣ̫ܵӰ죬ҪͻƵˣԪĿƣмʵıȻԪֱӳű壡
ķ뽫ѾڻһԪ·뿪
ֻҪһ㡭쳣ѣ
ҪѾڻһԪȫ룬ֻ֮ô򵥡
ڽʦͻƵڵĹؼʱ̣˵ԪУʵϱһЩĸ
Ҫ˵Ԫ룬ǿȥ⣬˿ĸ򣬽
򼴱ǳɹؽ˵Ԫ룬ҲпΪĸƻӶʹⱲҲ޷ڵľ硣
һ㡭ֻķܹ
ԪԽԽǿҵļѹķȷԼķʽȻ޷ĽԪ󣬷ǳɴֱӽﴢѨ֮ڵԪ˲䱬˳
ӿԪ̼㳬ԽѪԼѪԪеһɡ
ȻĳĽѪѾȫһԪָ
ͬʱķѪͷϵƣǽڲεĹѪ̵ԺС
Ԫڱ룬ͬʱֽķĸ䣬ѪֺѪӵɫ𽥵ĴӲ԰סָԭĺ
ķҲ˿ջ˰Ѫͷϵֻ֣Ǵʱ˿̵ķѾͬˮϴһ㣬ȫˮ͸
ոճ˫֣һģҪһԵҶȻһֱעʱֽסķҪֱӵڵˡ
ô
ҶȻе
û£е̫˶ѣϢһͺˡ
ķѵҡҡͷעȴɷѪ̵ϡ
ھ֮ǰĴѪ̵ͻƣڻع죡
ϵԪȻ֮ǰ̬С¾󽥽ȫʧ
ֹãѪ̼ͬʱ˽յ˫ۣԭŨҵʦϢѾϴǦ
һƷڣ
ͻƣ


226 ŭԵ
ѪԼѪ˫۵ʱ򣬱㿴Ժ˴ʱȫΧǵΧ
˸æһԾȻĳķ
ͻƵĹУȻʼ˫۽գȴԾ֪ʲô
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رǣѪѪ˾ֻǸոͻڵľ磬廹Ǿ״̬Ѱĺãڶĸϣ
˶ָоǾǴڿʼһֱƷڵĲΣĹжκεƿ
ָо˵ȴޱȵ
ʣı仯ֻΪķ
ˣֻҪܹͻƱáȻг˵⣬ǲġͻƵʱ䵹ǱԤڵҪǰһЩ
ķҶȻ֧ǿվţһ˵ţһ߰˰֡
Ҳ֪ô£ֻǷͻȻЩȻ·ͨһĴŰ㣬ָоҲ֪ôȥݡ
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ÿһ˵ͻƣһֶһ޶飬ҲֻԼܹȥ͸֪ıȻ޷˽ġͻƵʱΪʲôԪһ״˵ǾԲֵܳĲŶԡ
ķЩɻʵ
Ѫ̻һۣȻͬʱãȻҡҡͷ
ˣͲɣ״ȴǲòһҾǵߣˡѪͻƵʱҲ״ֲڵĻǺ¾ͻǳˡ
ȥһѪ̵ԺӣѪ̣һκнҪͻƳΪڵļ󣬶ԶѪ̡ԽͻƣܶѪһͻơȻ֪ԭ򣬵չǻйͨģǷδȻɡ
ķķԸѪ̸æӦһȻתԺȥ
ոͻƳΪڣѪԼѪҲ쳣˷ܣȻҲȥԼЩͬ飬ͬǰúõҫҫ
˳ҲԴ̼Ѫ̣Ѫ̾ȫھ硣
Ѫ뿪ҶȻߵķԣǲʼͻʱֶΣû𣿡
Ѫ̵ҳϣѪѪҲ֪صģǲٸ߱ˣֻڶҪǣղҲȷʵûбİ취ˣҲֵĻȫᱻϵһ˵һ֪ԼľΪһֹǰǱ޷ܵ顣
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ķһ˵ţһ߻壬ԼҶȻϵƸЩͬʱһֻ˳§ҶȻļװµĽ˵ϧҪַָҲǷǳΣյģûоԵİգÿһѪ̶ǱĲƸʵǲðա
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ҶȻЩΣա
ʲô
§ǲǸо
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ķܵı˵ͷֻǵͷĶûСػ
Ժʱ쳹ķĲҽС

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ԵԼ鷿֮У鷿˴ŭš
λҵļʱ״転뷢ţȻĳʧص̬ƵС
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أкʦȥΪʲôǻûеô飬ұޱĶǽֲ֧УһΣҪˣ
ԵžţѾļɫ
ҡȥһΣղȥǱߺЩ飬ûеһʱ
Ӧһ飬ټ˵ͬһܳ鷿


227 һ
常ǿķĵˡ
ؿԵΣյģ鷿ԽԽ̵Ϣվ̲ס˵
ҵȻֻ֪ǲסǸķôһģе飬һʼıģóҩȴʵʵģҩôģʦϣȥãҪóǴļõҩҲҪʱ䡣ҩƷףҩڲƷҩѾﵽĳּ£ҪóѶȣһЩĽ׵ĵҩ
ԵǿԼŰԼ侲ļ˵ǺʦõҩƳ籸Ҳ˺ĵֱѹ壡Ϊպʦ˵ܱõֻҪҩܴڣ
ΪҩġԶҩʦжЩڡЩڸ˷ʱ䣬ֶ˵ȫûֵҩϡԸ˷ʱҩʦ־ûˮƽǺʦԼΪĽײεҩʦҲ̹Լûóõġõҩ
᲻ļҵıһҩʦ
ؿʵ
Բܣļҵıжҩʦֺ֧֣αػô˼ԸǣԶҩʦĺһңܹƽȵȥԻģҪʰļ壬ǲѴ֮顣
Եԥҡͷ
˵Żո뿪ûõӦƿ鷿Ĵš
Լʦͬ£˽
ڽ֮ӦֱӶ㵽һ±Եע⡣
ԭһԵĻƽϢһЩٽġ
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ӣʦˣڵǳΣҪҸ֧֣
һ˽Եʱͬץסһݰ㣬ΪشԼǰ
Ѿ֪ˣȻǶǸķݺݵİһ
ɫ˵
ǣҺضҲ⡣Ŀǰ˵Ѿصˡеĵһ췴ԭӦôﵽЧǽ󲿷ֵޣصǵҩׯСƫƫļڽһ磬һͬʱҩҩҩЧҪԵǿǣڼ۸񼸺ûκβ£һǵҩȫǵķΧڣһֻȥ˲ƿ
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鷳ǣѾûˡ
ؽӹԵĻͷ˵֮ǰΪļûԭϿãҲΪܹڻҩ书һۡǶ˼еˮӣһļؼҵ˵Ѻ񡭡ЩӶѹҩϡټϽոձչȥĲ⣬˵Ѿ˱ıԵճǮĶѾ޷֧ţҲ̶ǽȫġޱֵ֧Ļǽļûκεĵֿòһڵʱ䣬ҾͻΪʷˣҲΣ
صĻ͵ɫһ任ϸ¥ΪķԵʶ˴û뵽ֻһϵʱ䣬ǵĿľͳ׵ȫķϡ
һʱķĺ⣬ﵽ˶㡣
νȫġޱָ֧֡ʲô
ͳʵ
Ա֧֣ǮԴҲҪǽбֻҪԸ̤ǣôţļҵԲҵĶ֣ӣķȫŪڹ֮УѵͲ뱨𣿡
ؼе˵
ɫһ䣬ҪֱӵͷӦ
ȻûͷĶλһֱ󡢼ᷢκӵоƷھȴǺȻ̤ǰһվͺصм䣬˻ɤ˵ҶҲκ֧֣ҵĺҲΪֹһεѣҪôԼƾֶ֮ĺԼĻǾĳΪʷҲٹܡ
ʲô
鷿ڰԵڵͬʱɴ۾
ͬһȻؿͻȻվԼǰߣܵıҪʣֻǻû˵ڣ߱ȻŤͷɫ˵γ֮ǰ˸´һָܵݴǣ˴жһ˳ĻǾʼհүҪ¡һ˲תƫ̬ķչʧȥƣôұʱж´ȨҰһδļˣȫƽƽٴȥ
ߵĻЩ˼죬ȴվûٶ˵ʲô
ֻϵĽ磬ԵΪ׵Щˣȴȫ¶һɫ


228 
һϡҹֻͬһƬ֮£ͬȴȫͬ顣
լĺԺһ֮ɫĶǰߣٵĺ֤֮ǰͺѾ൱һʱ
Ե鷿ǿûȥߵͻȻѾͷǳıˡ
ڻ˺ԺסլȻ޷ټ͡
ֻǿ͵ķӦȻĽܲ⡣
ҾôĻȥˣǼ˻ô˵ңԭһγΪ֤ǿΪļ̳ˣ鲻ûаãȫˣָ飬ҽжôɥĲĹƶŽҼ̳˵ݰ룬Ҳпܵģ֮Ҿܾô
߿˺һȷûκò˼͵ͺ˵
үҪҶǿƵֶΡԲޱҺļ֮ʱṩ֧֣ѾЩĺۼ֮ǰǵĳ͹һݴǵλˣͻˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ˣҲ˹أοϣһʱ嶯£λ˽ȫţİϣ֧Ԯôλˣһԥֱӵһ򾡣ʱǲعȣǰѹ˾ֵȥκô塭Ҳˡ
ôأһƫƧСǰˣҾͲǸô˵ˣֻҪܹ׵ƿǵ⣬ȻǸ㹻ĺôǰѵܲͷ𣿡
һ˵
̫ˣڣκһǳԲܳٷӵеǵߣһԽ磬ᱻٷɱ⡣֮󣬲Ż׷ǰĳǳأǹأҲǼ巢չһȻ·ǿ֧ңҲһķΧ֮ڣֵ֧ķȣʹ˫Եʧ⣬ȻӲ
ʵɫߵǿӲ
νûκιϵҲ־ͿһŶ۵⣡뷨ֹͼڷ̻ȥҪԵıֻһμ򵥵չʧܶѡǰ뷨̫彫Ҫӭӵģпܾͻһѣ
ǲɵ͵ıһ
֮ŷ·¶˾İ㣬һߴŴһ˵ðɡˡҪӦҪ󣡡
˵
һҪǸķڶҪķδ޻Ǹң
͵Ҫ΢΢ü˼һſڵһ뿪֮󣬲ܹСڵڶǸҿ뿪Ժ֣ķδޣǲܶ
Ϊʲô
͵۾ʵ
ɱķƵҵϣķδһߣֽȻ˵ȥˡΣǶκΰѱүΪŮ˶ԼΣյľ֮£޴ġ
߿ڽ͵
ҧҧΪ鲻Ըĵ˵ͷ

常Ǹô죿Ĳٶǽκ֧ԮĻ£Ǹûκΰ취
ؿſ鷿Եֿ˿һʼճüչӦʵЩܲ鷿ڵգڴ鷿ڵĳš
ԵôһԲѾһʱңһʱͣҵǰ㱨һЩϢ
ֻеϢֻ˵ӶӣȻƳҩĵһ죬ҵȴѾҪױıԵ
ȫӣǳΪѹյһݣʧȥһתŲĿռ䡣
˵Ĳٽκ֧Ԯټֳһڵʱ䣡
һֱҶںļȻǵýʱԽӴļ壬ԽӵĿ飬ʱɽ֮ƣصĿܡ
һЩСǰ㣬ܹгֵĵͽ˵ء
ô죿ô֪ô졭ٺ١Цʱһһֱļȫ֮󣬶ǻһ緢ȴû뵽ԭһжļҵļ㵱СĿ϶һֱڱﳰЦҰɣȫ͸ңȴֻΪ͸ϣǴġ
Եɺ˵ЩҪ˵ļơ
常Ҫ°˰ٿˣڿˣĳˣ
ԵǸӣһֿ˿ӦȴӦնѾͬ˻һ㡣
ΣұΪȻܹϵϿңôļҾֵ顣ȴûϵҵǽƵԨ֮Сֻǽеһ԰ˡǳɹǹȻǺãʧˣұҲʲôʧǾԲΪһԣ㽫ȫһ㡭Ƿǳһôġ
ԵЦ̧ͷһۣһĽ˵ڣ˵ʲôѾˡһΪʧְֻû뵽һεʧְ壬һеĹƽʱ޺ֻҪᣬͻ˲˶ɵޡǽǣѾóǳľ棬ѾûκٷתƵĿˡ
ߡȥļң飿ֻҪԸŹһΣԺ;ٺ棡Ը϶ضҲȥԼͶֵضķվǸˣ϶ҲͷģʵڲУضҲȥ˯ԣһԵģ
ԭ鷿ʼ˫ĿӦȻԺһʱ˷ܵĽе
˵ԽԼнԡ
һ߽ţһϣĿԵء
ͫ΢΢һӦȴûбʾԣֻԼȭͷ
ԵȴٴҡͷˣڻռݵǰľϷ磬ǻŹļ𣿶֮ĵ˵ɫҪľǸķ̫Сһ֮˳ףҲȫΪûиǸķ㹻ӡԭΪԼܷСֵͶ˵Ĵ󡣿ϧȴվûʶһ˲ϧôܹ꣬γɵ˼ԡĶ֡ԩ
Ӧû뵽ԼͷᱻֱӾܾո˷ʱͬ˪˵һ㡣
ȴǿԵǺӣٶ˵ֻǹһ󣬱ת鷿
Եס峤լ̧ͷ˿죬ű촽˵ʧܶܲˡҵΪԼúôˡ


229 ĵĽ
ҵļڵķΧȻҪࡣ
ҵķڵһʱͱĳѹƣԭôʱ׼ȫҪļһȭ壬ȴƫƫڳȭ֮ȻһȭûдļҵϣֱӴ˼Ӳ֮ϡ
ûиļҴȥκɱ˵ͬʱΪش
شѾﵽĳ̶ȡ
һ֮꣬һҳ˴⣬һȻܹеõ޴кͿ֡
ʱļլ峤լѾɵĽԼһϵеָͨϻᴫ˳ȥ
ļҴϵ¶šһĵκһʱõ۲۵ִУЧ൱֮ߡ
˵ĻļҲܽһʱ䣬ͽҵĲӳнӹܹһ˳ؽеĸȫ
ȡķǳ򵥣ǱǽȫȥմǬɷһǲɢķãǻȥڣЩֻ֮ǹӶϵͨƣȴǾ¡
ЩڲѾͷĻǣҵĹвرǿңϾˣƽʱܹҲлȡģҲֻӦõӣյķֺԼʽĽͣǶڲЩ˵ġ
ԽЩǶж⣬ЩǱϾڲеѾ·Ǽڲ£ȻҲԱⲼΪӶӡ
ļңֻǰԼĹȥ˸ƹְ֮ھĲ̣ǰȴС
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ҵûȥļһЩӵѣֻһҵǰȷʵûκοõӣǵһķԤ֮Ĵܿ䣬ÿһ˵עȫתƵҩׯϡ
ڲСȻۡҲҩׯ
֮£ļҵһϵжûгκ⣬˳ĶЩ׼㡣
ӦиһңҾͻ᳹׵ʧˡڻмòע⣬Խһοһ¡
ΪԼǰŶ˺Щɵķ˵
֪ǲΪܵ⽫һʱЩӰ졣
ĴʱٿķЩôŵľٶʵҲûǰֿ˳۵ĸоˡ
ǹЩˡӦô𣿡
ķбϣĽӻ
֮һоǹڼǨƵ顣ΪߵβҪҴǰǰڿصʱȻҪûʲôõѡ
ûķ޾ɵģֱ˵ʵ
޾峤ΪأȻȱðյľ񣬵س㹻ҶԼҳϣӹɡʮڼڵһӦҲǳʺǡѡҲӦ޾峤ϰɣαҡ
ķ˸ۣ˵
Ҫ鶼Ҫһ⣬ѱӡԵʧܾʧҵƿ̫ǿƣûеڶҿɲպ󳾣ڼȨҲֻȨ֮ơȵ˿֮ڣҪԵѹԶڿɱȣҪϰȥۺϿһЩ顣
ļ򵥵Ľһ䡣
˵ҵˣǲ㶼Ͼɱˣ
ķĻ˼ʵ
̫࣬ǱҲԽȥ̫٣ûκ壬ҵ뷨ǣȥɡ
ĵͷ˵
ȻˣȻᷴԡ֮䣬Ҳûеĳ̶ȣǰǣûйǽҪȡһЩֶΡ㹻İȫ֤£ҲһЩº͵ķʽȥ⡣
ķһνı˵
ǾôˡһҪ飬ǹȻġڵķչѾ죬ʱŬ£ʵҲ˳ĽѪǻ϶ҪͻƵڵĲˣټѾչءò˶ãܹﵽƷھܲ˵Ѿ㹻ڿվȽŸԡϣȻܹõõķչᡣ
˵⡣
ʲô˼
ܼ򵥣ϣȻֱܹǰѧھڽ޽̵δķչвɹĺôȻļѧҪ󣬵˵Ҫͬġ㣬Ȼ붼ǿɵĴﵽԷŵı׼ҪǣպҪż뾩ƾνļʵԶԶҪõļұҵϿɣһǿǱǱصġ
ĳ˵
ھȥ᲻е硭
ķ΢΢ü
硣Ȼ̫ණҶ͸Ȼֵطû̫ʩչĿռ䣬ҾãڿҲѵõߵĻᡣȻҪһһߣɶ˵˷ʱ䡣ҲֻоַƼʻһ֮ڣͬ뺣㣬ųԼĲŻɡ
ΪοЦЦ˵Ȼֻ飬յľȨ㡣ѾˣκξҶΪе


230 ѳ
ǬһĶĩھǰ˵˿ԱһЩ⣬ûʲô塣
Ǵ͵վܹһһظů٣һס飬֮𽥻ʼȥܶڴĻȳ
Ҳվ֮ˮˮᡢˮ
ȻһЩ˵ȴ·Զɢȥ
ǵֹڴˣûκ
ǴҴҵִҴҵߣͬһ㣬û̫ĺۼҲû˭ټǵǵ֡
ÿĶ죬ᶳһЩˡ
Щ޼ҿɹڳڿʳյףȻÿﶼڳЩֵļСֻĽڣÿһȥЩƽܻЩطף㶼ʧһЩ߱ȡ
ž·жǵĳεʢ̫ƽҲܹޱȺгı˴˹棬·飬˵˵ˡ
ǿԼӵеģֱʧȥ֮󣬲ʶЩӵǶô
ֻ֪̫˵ҪȥϧʱЩĶѾҴԶȥһŵС͵̼䣬ʧܹĵط
ûǬһĩ˵һЩ޼ҿɹˣҲͬһ̾˽ϰ֮õӴ塣
ھЩӦʱ򣬶ǴССĸиҵ·һڵңȻ
˵µ˫⣬ûκܹ뵽ǿġƺܱңȻ˵ǿиɡ
ĺԵж϶ûгκδ峤ϱֳ㹻ǿжȣֻһڵʱ䣬ұ㳹׵ıļݻ١
Ҳûг̫Ĳ
ԵǼȫϣΪ֮ѹҩԭֻķһıҰĲҪҼʧ˻㣬ͬһġҲͬѾȥ
ȻȻҵ£Ȼּ֮һܵʱ䣬ʵڽҩһ죬ҾѾˡ
һܵĸ翹һЪ˹ķйҵһһЩΪܲסĴ裬ˣȴǿʼʱΪԼ׼ź·ܹӲдļúûš
ΡܹţҪ顣
Щ飬Ե
λҵļһܵʱʼսԼ鷿֮УûжԼκ´κһ
峹ױ̡ûжˮӣӶҵҲ׷޷ά־Ӫ֮£Եʼûκεָʾ
һڵʱȥңѾ׵ķֱ
ƿԵ鷿ķʱһʱܳģһŨŨζ
һڵʱ䣬ԵԺ˯û뿪鷿ʼսԼ鷿ÿͷʹ⣬ûпһΣ֪鷿ζжôš
ȴǷ·ȫŲζһ㣬̤ǰ˼ߵԵĶ档
ʱ鷿һƬǽ壬һǰγĶԱȡ
ԵǿԼϣ˫۲Ѫ˿ȻֻһڣһǰԵȴ࣬ԭͷĺڷҲһƬѩס
常ҪˣǸġ
Ե⸱˲˹ӣصĳ鴤º󣬾ƽ˵
Ե̧ͷն˫ڿ˽غſʼµľ۽
Ҫҵˣ
˻Ƶ
촽ͷԭµˡ
ǺǣģԸô᲻˽⡣Һͼ塭ʧˣҲ֮ǰЩú壬˵ҲҺͼԲ㡣ֵܹҵߣҲǷһ¡
ԵɤӣޱѿЦ
常ҡ
ԵģЩֹƺҪȰ˵ʲôȴֲ֪οڡ
ö˵׵ģӣ󲿷ҵԵʡҲߵġ嵽ҵϣȴҵ޴ҷʵû˼ȥ뷨ҪΪ˸ҪΪѳᣬѡȻʵġ㲻һ㻹ᣬδ޵ĿܡȥԼСģԺ󣬾ֻܿԼˡ
ԵȻɳƣȴǾȻ
֪ˣģԺӦǱҪæĵطһᾡܰġ
ص˵ͷȰ˵ͷ
Եһǳ鴤ºûٶ˵ʲôֻǿЩѵĻ˻֡
΢΢Ƿת뿪鷿
ոս鷿¹ʱ򣬱鷿ڴһ죬֪ʲôؿٵؽ۽ǵˮһ֮ɫ뿪լӡ


231 
լһƬʼ˱ϸѡʱļլķΧȴŻϢ
ұ׵ĻȻζſЩгҪȥȡ
ȻļҲọ̈̄ҪȥһЩȵõ棬ıǷΧڵȶͬʱҲΪ̬ͬȡ
ҵ֮ЩȱļȻҪռݾݶġ
ļҵЩ˵ӴļҵȻҲζŸ棬ֱ۵ĺôǸӡ
⵱Ȼֵø˺ܵ顣
լΧͬһգʱĵ鷿ڣȴЩѹ֡
ԵȻѡɱ⻹ǡЩҵ֮⣬ϸ룬Ҳ⡣ֻû뵽˼ʮ꣬ȴۿô³˱갡
ĶϵĲ豭˿ȲΪп˵
ϹܼһܵʱѾԼıչأվĵ
ķṩЩҩİ£Ȼչصʱ䲢㳤ϹܼҺʮĳһվ˳˳˾ƷڵĲΡ
Ҫһͻڡﵽ֮ĻҪһЩǷˡ
Ͼ˷ôʱ䣬ϹܼұѾѵͣķƵЩҩ̲£Ѿڵоɼȫȥʱ䣬վ޷һء
Ȼ֮⣬ҲķֻķǰΪ磬ȴǲܹϹܼҵĵҩ
˹ϹܼΪļڶʱڣķҲûκΰ취
ԾƷڵʵѾԱļǰռһϯ֮أ㿤ûУʱ˵ļҶڸ߶󣬲С
Ҳãһ˰ˣԵĻվǸͷ̡Ȼֲ̫ķˣǨֻ޾峤ߣѱЩ˲ԵĴ˷ˡôɸɾҲɢ˵õĽ
ķΪ˵
ĶԵϧĸоⲢζͬ
ԵӦҲǽ鿴͸ˣ֪ĻǶҵˣǻšֻˣĽˣᱻǷˣ˵ˣһνζһοʼѾ𣿡
˵һ仰ֱת˻⡣
ţ⼸ҺȻģ˵ûֱȥĻǻкôҲǳ䶨Ǵ׼׼ֱӶ
ķͷ
ȥ̲֮Ҫ㣬ȥ˾ⲻҪӡȻֻҪȻܹϾѧеһôļұң޳ṩһеճ裬ѧҪķáȻǲȱЩӣܹñΪļ˵ݵĻһܿġ
ĺ֣µ˵
ֻ˵ΪȻûмҵˣļһӦöͦģǴӣҲĵĻҲΪһνݣίԼ
ķûֱӴӦ
ģܹ뾩ѧˣԺƱػڵҪְܹʼһֱھ֮Уò˥Ȼĵطĵ⣬Ӧò֡
˵
˵Щ̫磬ҵʱῴŰġȥҲκˣֻ׼Ȼһ˶ͺáҪǰڿ㣬Ҫ̫˲źԴҶһʵĶʦҸ㹻ѧϰ൱һʱĶҲѾĹص飬Ըǰʱμϯʦһλ׵ĶʦڣķչٶȻǳѸ͡
ķԵҶȻ˵ŶҩҲž˵츳ʱĽ̵ѾԺͺײεҩʦˣܹͬһֱѧϰĶԼһЩҩֻҪŶ޾Աٶȣôò˶ãӦεڵҩҶŶڣڿڣͲΪ͵ҩˡ
λСͯأǽаɣôţ
Ŀʵ
ûиĹȥһ·Ϊ˳ĥҺȻѡһЩȽΣյ·ߣ˵ĻǳĲ㣬ҲȫһᾡȰ˵Ҫһ𡣡
ķĻشĲûбʾԣֻǵ˵ͷڵȻѾȫ뷨ұ㲻ˡˣʱҲˣȥһ°ɣѧÿʱ䣬⼸ĻӦܸϵһӡ
ǣ֪ˡ


232 뷨
ϣĵլķûзԼլԺҶȻȥ󣬱㾶ֱ뿪լ
ҶȻһֱֵĮӣûжʣķȻҲȥ͡
ΪҪ뿪ǣԺ֯ľݵڣҪһЩ
ķú֯ڵĺɱѾɱļڵºֻ֯ǲһǼɱǰļܵԵĴ
ķһ뿪ǰľݵȻķϣһɱʧȥ˺֯ϵôδڹܿصλɱ֣пڲǰе顣
ʱķµǰɱΪڵɱ֮Իʧ٣ǽȡһǳΣյ񣬴Ӷ뿪
ݾʲôǰɱ򲢲֪
Ҫһ㲢ѣķԺ֯˽⣬ԼӵλãЩͲǼٵġ
һϵæµһֱڶϣķǽǾݵڵĲɡ
֪ǲûϢԵʣķڷլ·ϣʼֲ̤ʵĸо
оԣķһԼֱԷһ뷨ڻլ֮ĵһʱ䣬ķٴȥһ峤լԺȻϹܼҽ赽УϹܼʱȸԼԡ
ŰĵĻԼլӡ
ҶȻȻѾķ뷨ͬլ˽˹ķԺӵʱѪ̡ŶԼҶԺ֮УҶȻʰ
ķͬʱͣϵĶŶһʱ¶ίı飬·޳һؿڵүҪŶΪʲôȥҲŶŶżһȥ֮ǰŶЩ飬Ҫ̸ңҶ֪ġ
⼸ľԻûü֪ͨңֻ˽ºҶ
ķЩεǼ⣬΢ЦǰȥŶͷ˵ŶԣүôܲҪ㡣ֻǴȥҺ̲ߴ·ҪɽԽ룬·;˳ĥڵʵ̫ֻͽΣաҪǣȥ˿ҲǳҪҩı£žġ
ķĽͣŶɾ죬ǲûٶʲô
ˣү㱣֤үҵ˾֮ò˶õʱ䣬ҲһȥɺãȻǰǣҪżڿվȽŸʱץʱѧϰҩ֪ʶԼԼ޾ˡɲүҲڣ͵
Ŷǲ鲻ԸӣķЦǺǵļ˵
ү˵ģ
ƭ㶼ûгɾ͸С
̫ˣİɣʱŶ϶һ
ķı֤ŶŶת磬¸Цݡ
ķٴŶͷŤͷ˰飬ڵʲô㣿ߵʱҲˣȴһֱûרŵĽ̹ʲô˵ǲְ
ˣܸߣһֱԴ̣ѾǱĲƸˡ鲢ļȥҲûټȥͷʵڼ֮ǰģֻһֱ֪ôڣ֪Ҫȥ鷴˿
Ƿ˵
ţԼˣ
ķ΢΢üµ˰뷨
ǡ֣ߵЩʱ䣬ܹоԼ鷨һϣ١Ȼ޾ٶֻǰͰ࣬ƵĸҩĴ£ֻҪͻƵʦôԺƽһ㡣
˵˶٣͵ķһۣȷķûв˺Ž˵ֻؼЩ⣬ʼհͰôԺĳɾͱȻޡ벻ϵͻңõķʽʼǶȥһЩԡ뿪һʱ䣬ȥһӦʡ
ԭˣǺ£վ·뷨ҵȻֻ֧֣ɣٶ⼸ʱ䣬ҸһЩӦĵҩţϾķղСڵʵҲ൱һ㣬ԱǱȽϲġ
ķ˵ͷ浹ǲûжĸо
һİ飬ĹвϳɳճΪĶǿߡ
һȻĺķӶ˰ǰڵһֳɳʱ䣬һ˼Ĳͬ
ֲͬҲֻðĻĸι̣δܹĿռ䣬ӹѡ
ķʷȻԣĸ棬ıеһЩϸڣ˵Ķһı仯
ǿʷǰչһЩ飬ǱȻҪġ
ҩ֮ģ鵹û̫󣬲ĻϣΪרдһ֡
ķͬð鳹׵ķ
ְãھ͸д
ķˬشӦ


233 ƾԾ
ż˻鷿ʵڵĸķָֽ̺ķĥŽëʹĵݵķǰ
ëУķ΢΢ۣһʱȴͻȻЩ֪дЩʲôźá
ֻͨд֣ǵȻǷǳ򵥵飬ҪȥģķȻϣЩܹȥ㹻ĸԺһʱԼʱÿд֣ܹи򵽲ͬĶ
ڰĳɳмĴٽúͺô
˽ëķɵЩԥ̫࡭ᵼʱûа취̫ɴࡣ
дʲô˵ֵȥѧϰĶÿ̫ࡣ
һԵİ鿴ķԥɵÿ˵
ķŤͷ˿飬Ժȴһ
鷨мգʵ֮ͬν´;ͬ飬Ҫд˼֣֮ҪģǽȫУ
ֻм֣д汸
ķŰ۵ӣȻ뵽ˣĸ飬ʺڵİ飡
ָҲڲ֮ǰɹҵĳ
ŵӰбȳʱ򣬵־ڱ˹̵ʱһɡ·شûκ飬ʵ̫ʺڵİ顣
뵽ˣķı˫ۣ꣬˱Ѿ֮У˫ȴԭ΢еӣڵͫз·йâţŵëʣֱֽϣ
һʱ䣬ߣ
ķִӱʼ䵽ֽ֮ϵһ̿ʼûжͣ٣һд˳βʼдŵڶ֣ҲҺð׼ֽ㹻ĳķдһֺ󣬾ͻֽ⣬Ͷ״̬
ĥİ飬ڿķдĵһֺ󣬱ֱӴԭء
һԵŶע⵽˰쳣æǰ˰ȥķĥ
ܿ죬ķ㽫ԼҪд仰ȫдꡣ
һǳɵḶ́ķԼҲ泩
дĹ̫Ͷ룬仰д֮ķоԼ鷨һϵҲһ˿ԵĽ
ƾԾɣ
Ȼֻʮ֣ķȴǳţΪУдΪʮ֣
屾ﵽĸ߶ȥ۵ĻһΪ˹ϵʥİ飬Ҳ޷дǰʮ
ÿһֵóʵûʲôرʵĵطһ𣬱·ĳص
ٵķдë·º󣬲ǰ⼸֮УڵһۿһֺҲ׷˵
ֻڰ飬ܵӰ첢ء
Ͼ鷨ȻҲͬǰ㣬ֻǵͨķдܹණ
ֻ΢һ׷״Ӱлع
ǲ˼飬ֻǼֶѣΪʲôҵĸоȴЩֶǻģ
Ҷ˿ˣЩȷʵ
ǵһķ֮ǰҶû鷨ҡ
ҶģǼλڿʢ鷨ңд֣Ҳ˹֮ܿǣȴԲķ㣬д֣ƺֱָܹģǣ
ĸоûҲһ
ҶȻɫƽ˵
ѪĲסͷʾǿǼֵĸоҶûκβ
٣ͻȻеڴӦˣһֱߣǻ֪Ҫŵ顣Ǹļȥ˿Ҳ֮ƽ˰ɡ
Ҷ˻Ϊп˵
ƽҲûʲôãҪ㹻ĻۣҪʱøߡ֪˵ʲôһΣҺȻκˣҲҪѪһȥ
ķͬҶ˵ֱŤͷҪԵѪ̡
һܵʱѪԼѪӵľ綼ѾȶһƷڵǰδеǿȻҲķԣڼǿػڲܹ࣬·Σսࡣ
ķ֮ԾҶȻߴ·ͲΪ˰ݵĶɹǰ;κλʹΣյļʽ͵ķʽķῼǡ
Ȼ֮ԻҪͨ;ĥ£ķĹϵҲһķһ·ײƴճɳΪɱ֣Σգʤ
־һľ棬Ҳû
Դ˵ѾҪַͨʽȥĥԼѾ͵ԼҪҲῶݵƽ
֮ԻľҪΪҶȻ
ڵҶȻӵ㹻츳ԼɳĿռ䣬ǷȱģӦԸΣľ顣
ܴķĽǶϣԼŮΣ֮УַǳҶȻԸҪҶȻͬСŮһǶ˵ıӻ֮£ǳ롣
ȻˡҶȻܵĴ嵽鶼ǿѵѡ
үʱеѪ̶ѾΪˣôˣҲȱ߰ɡ
Ѫӿ˵
붼룬˵֮Ǿ͸ҲҵĻˣ
ķԥľܾ
˵ϣѪҲֻεĿɥӦǡ


234 ͻ
үݳϢһˣѾڽ磬ӱ뿪ΪгǱߵرԸԳδκѲ顣޷֪뿪ֻͨµļ㣬ϿȷеˣѾȥ
Ϲܼҽķ鷿֮ڣͬ鷿ķ㱨
ʱѾҹķ鷿оҪŶµġʺŶ뿪ʱѧϰҩ֪ʶݡ
ΪŶ·ķȫڸŶص㣬ȥרŵѧϰԼѧϰʽ
˼ķҩѧﵽĸ߶ȣҲɱļΪʹࡣ
ϾҶһҶѾһǳĶʦķֻҪ֪һЩǳġʦҪȥѧĸ߼һԵҶҶȻԼص㣬űȥѧϰ
ķʽԲʺŶ
ƶǱҲ𣿡
ķͷҲ̧һţһ߼űޡ
ȻһĶãȴûжԱʲôӰ졣
Ͼ޵ݶķ˵ǷǳͼģѵĵطֻڣҪѧϰĹ̾ѭ򽥽
ȱ㹻Դ̵£κζϸϵ©ֻѧϰεĲȷпŶѧϰĹУ˳Ľк
ΪŶ̫⣬Զûҩʦ߱ЩʵĻѧʶȴ߱ҩʦ߱Ĵ
ʹķıޣӼѡ
ˣķĹƣֻҪķôһϵʱ䣬Ҳʹ㹻ˡ
ڽѾ뿪ǣԱ٣λҰȫ⣬ֻһŮרչҵӣһֻˡ뿪ʱǳ͵ûоκˡ뿪ǺĵһվҪȥҲʱûж¡ӦǴ·ϿϢǳڸղǰ֪ġ˳ļңûе֪
Ϲܼϸ˵
ûе֪ɲһ
ķŪЦЦͬʱƫͷһվǰ·붨һ㡢һ춼ﲻڻĶֽİ顣
Դʱķ鷿дһ仰󣬰һֱôվţ˾õʱ䣬˵Ӷûһ£ƤҲûգ
ķ˽Ը񣬿ҪΪĽ״̬нѻˡ
үʲô˼ϢȻôҪϾ˵˽Ů⣬Ҳٸ߱ˡ
ϹܼЩ׵˵
㿴Ϣ㿴ҪôȻһЩ˵Ҳô롣ֻһϢѣ˲ܾΪôһϢļңԱҪתˡֻŵķʽֻ֪Ҫ˲뵽УͲܱ֤Ϣ᲻й©ȥ룬ŵķʽ֪ҲлɣϾҲ˵ˡⲢǸҪϢ
ķʼ磬˵
ȷʵǿϢǡϢʲôй©ļֵ𣿡
Ϲܼһûи㶮ķΪʲôһ㡣
˵Ҳûа취ȥжϣٻֱȽΣյĿܡһλҵүԸȥĻλүȻǸ߻˵вʱȻᱣǣԴԣȴϰȥཫغ顣ҵүΣգѾ뿪ǡ
ķͷҪŶЩݵͬʱ͵ڶֿܡȻڳڲûм˵ӣ޴Ʋλ˵ƢԸ񣬵ֻһŮ˵ĽǶȥǵĻ˵һЩ뷨ƺҲЩڼˡŮһ˸ӵûǡ
Ϲܼķ뷨üȴǺȻķЩǣƺе
ô죿ǱĿΣյĻҪҪ취иԤ
ϹܼҺǲȷʵ
ôʱ䣬ټĲϹܼѾǵǸѪ嶯򣬶ĿȾ£Ȼ㲻϶ôǶıҲܹơ
ɴʱķЩ飬ϹܼȴЩӡ
ϹܼʵоΪ졣
ֻһ뵽ԼλүôСʱ򣬾ܹΪİȫôʱ䣬ϧԼαװһѧӣڼ仹ûκ˲κ⡭
뵽ЩĻǰֱ֣Ҳûʲôܽܵˡ
ķȻϹܼҴʱ뷨ֻǺȻ飬ͬʱλվȻŲӯûзκźۼıߵϹܼҵ
Ҫ֤뷨ǷȷܾҪôȥӦԡڿ֤Ͼܹõء
ķ΢Ц˵ЩƮ·ǴŵλϷġ
⻰δ£ͻ


235 ɱ
ķոϢϹܼͬʱ鷿ݶȴȻըѿ
һ֣һֳֳ׹ͷֱӳķŵǸλϮɱȥ
κķһѾϹܼҵעҪһա
ֻٶ̫죬鷿ݶըѵͬʱеĳķŵǸλõϷ
˵˷Ľ¿һ˵ʱеĳȴѾķŵǰӣ룡
أ
΢΢һ鷿ݶϣͨѾжϳķλãôͻϮºȴˣ
žžž
ϡϡվϹܼķȻֹ̧˼ƣǻȻתķǲ֪ʱѾվϹܼҵ󣬺˶ʱͫ΢ͷһɲõԤС
ӦüȻ㴩ҹ£Ҳͷ֣Ȼ飬˲Ǻ˽⡭ʵ۾֮У׸ӡĲλ۾ɴڸǣναװû̫塣
ķֹͣ˹ƵĶ˫ֺ΢Ц˵
ͷһһ䣬һԲὣٴγķȥ
ȻķѾǰĴڣ״ЩԾҲڳԾѡ
Ϲܼңûб
֮ǰļҵĵ飬ǳȷλϹܼҾڼǿߣҲһƷ߶Ʒڣټй̽λڼǿߣһڵļܹӵڣѾ൱ˣڵļ𣬵Ȼ̫ߡ
Ǹݲļң
жϣȻʮ㣬һϮɱ˸գҲûжҡķֺ
ȻȴעһجΡ
ںὣٴγķȥʱϹܼȴѾǰ˷Ӧ
ǶƷ״ﵽ˺׵צϢĳϹܼҵϣںὣǰ̵ͬʱצѾǰѳĽϣ
·жһ㣬ǰһͷǷƷĳǱϹܼҵצ׾ٵ˲гʮ飡
˶ʱ´󺧣ǿпסԼǰͷϹܼǶצг󣬾˳Ѿǰ˲䱳ëֱԥһֱһȴû˶Ϯɱķͷ
ʱֻһ뷨Ǿӣ
ΪϹܼгʱһԪѾޱų
˼ֱԼ۾ǾȻǴﵽ˾ƷڲεԪ
ʲôЦ
СطôоƷڵĴڣ
ңһҲֻƷڰ
ӵоƷǿߵڿڣҲվȽŸôϾСط
˵ĵӿޱȻĸоԼɱķǶôĿЦһֱΪжǰ϶ʮþȵġʵ֪Ŀԣ
Ȼ治ͣҷʡţ˵Ķȴ˿Ѿֱӹ鷿ĴߣͬʱҪƴ
뷨ܼ򵥣ȻжѾܳɹȻҪһʱ䳷ˡ
žƷڣû˿ʤ㣬Ҫ˵ߵĻȴ㹻ġ
Ϊٶȣڲεǿ֮У죡
ʱϹܼȻһкûκӵıٴϣȴվǱȺ˰ġ
ۿź˾Ҫ˳Ŵ鷿Ѿ鷿ǰվһ죬ȴʼ˿İȻ˿ڡ
ƾ㣡Ծ
֣Ҳκȴƫƫ·ĳصú˵ĶɲǼͣ٣
Ȼֻһʱ䣬εһʱӣȴѾ㹻
鲻ܿƵ³һѪͬʱϹܼҵצں˵Ϸٵû˼⣡
⼸ɹıܿ˺еҪȴָɾý˵֫ȫϣ
һĲҽУ˵ĶȻֹ֫ɷֱӵ鷿Ĵ£
֫ڴѪӿȫ忪
ϹܼһٵԼ˫צһʱͨԪԺѨķ˽˼ʱֹѪ
ҲϹܼҵķӦʱ̶ֳȵѪӿò˶ã˾ͱȻҪΪʧѪˡ
˵ܳʵӺƶ룬ٵϹܼҽ֮˹ǰһҲûйȥӵʱ䣬ǵʯһ㣡
ôһʱһڼǿߣѾ׵ķϵ
ϰǿȴҲϰ
ķûȥˣϹܼԣǰ˺˵ǱôյĽѾעûʲôֵȥעĶ
Ƚ϶ԣ鵹Ǹеϲ
Ȼʱİ飬гֺ󣬱ɫһƬ԰ףҲΪή٣ķȻǳĺ棬ԵĳڴӰ죬ǷǳϡҲǳļɡ
һУķҲֻôˣܹʩչƵֶΡ
ɾǼˣҲԲߵĲϣͨԵȥӰڲεǿߣ
ƫƫȴˡ
ķȻã֮ǰڰжϣǵ͹ˣ


236 в
ô˵𣿡
ǰİĺ󱳣ķʵ
ûʲô飬ֻǶԷľ糬̫࣬Ծ񱻷Щ˶ѣò˼ָܻ
¶һǿЦݡ
һĳ˼ջС
ȷûд󰭺ķſʼԼĺġ
ķؼȽ⣬ʵҲû뵽ܹߵĲϣͽؼĲӳԭճ˵ҲҪʦĲ֮󣬲ӦþŶԡд仰ȷʵҵİȻѾУۿһʱ䣬ܾԼ򵽵ݣвֵİٷ֮һһ򣬱Ѿ˼ͻơ
Ұɫһ˵ţһСĽһ֮źãӿ·ֶڰҪҪһ㡣
ӦˣҾͲˡһʵҲΪֹдõһд֮ҸоԼ鷨һϵĳɾͣҲµҲǷȫ鷨֮ϵˣܹ͸е磬ǻ˵ĻҲǾдıȽϺÿѡ
Ű˵ЩģķԼĺĿǣ˰⡣
ҡķؼСԷֻؼǣ㣬ܹΪұܣҪй©κ֪
΢ºƺ¶˾İ㣬ЩŵС˵
Է
ķ΢΢üԺϸ˼һȷԼһУû֡
ţİɣһᱣܵġ
ķ˵꣬ŤͷѾϹֱܼŲӡĺˡ
Ȼ֫ȫϣϹܼҵֶ£˳Ϊʹͷ⣬ǲûоʹιȥ
ʱ˵ͷ㱻Ϲܼժ
Ըŵλҩׯܵ̽Ҷߡ
ǡǾȻҶ֣ҲŹǵģ
ҧǿʵʹͷ¶ޱԹĶķ˵
ϻǲ⣿ôöܹ֮ɱңҷˣ
ķ˸ۣһ׳һı鿴űϹܼŵߡ
ȰǷһȥҵıļܹܵ˵ģǿǳۣҲӵоƷڼǿߣҵɲһûǰɱ㣬òԣҲҵ֫Ϊ˸㹻صĴۣҿǳƽˣ
ߵ촽ΪʹͣضţӰ˵ĻЩ͡
ˣԴ֮䣬ԾޱȵǿӲ
ɹˣҸľǻĴۣҾã֫ԶԶϾָ֫ķȻ࣬ҲûСôŻȥһܲˬ
ķҡҡͷǰߵߵǰ΢Ц˵֮ûֱɱ㣬ΪңҪ֪ȥķԼһĴ㡣ԸϣҾ͸һʹ졣㲻ԸϡҾֻһҵֶΣȻ󾡿ܵıϡȻһѡһĻȴٿٳԲٵĿͷϣܹһЩ
΢΢һķЦݵģʶķʵڿЦ
ȻϲЦҴӲ͵˿Ц
ķϵЦȥһ˵
㡭㲻ɱңҼҹ֪ʲôģҪɱңҼҹһΪұģѵΪôһС£嶼𣡡
ߵϵһθ˾ֵı顣
ѵףΪʲôҪ뿪ķһĴ𣿾ҪңҲٵ֪˭µֲǣǡֻĽҰĵطֻҪǵˣ˭֪ô£
ķ̾˿Ϊε˵ѵ˵͵ʱˣӶܵӰ죬Ӷ޴ɣ
㡭ɱү
߳׵ˡ
ҪɱˣҪñɱ׼ʲôþȵġˣҲѿˡ޴ҵԤڣڣ̸Щ֪ĶҾҪˡ
ķ˵ֱ꣬ӴӿóһѷĶ̵
ȻĻӵϹܼҵؿڴֱһƤ⡣
㡭㡭
Ϲܼϼۣʵû뵽ķȻ˺ֱӶ֡
нҵȻɱңƷڣôȻǴҪȥҶֵģ߱뱣һԵĸ߶ЩƲ⡣
ϣڻش֮ǰú˼һ£һЩûκ˵ĻǶûкôңѵܷǡҵĵҲֻҪԸ⣬ҿϸһ򵶣ұ֤°һͷӣҲ룬ĿԼһһĲӦһܲ顣ɱ¡Ҳ϶޷ɡǴһҵֶΣھ͸ң
ķߣɭȻһЦ¶һƯİ


237 
߲ʲôӲͷڼǿȻҲżߵĵλʹƽʱҲǸŵ
ϰܣͻʹĳȻҲͻõ£ķѪȵв£߸ûнκη㽫ķ֪飬ȫһԵ˵˳
ķϹܼûоκ˵£ߡ
͹ȻҪҲӦôߵλ϶ǾƷڵĶ֣ϽǰȥԮĻһ¡
ܿĴߵʬ壬Ϲܼ»صķԣ˵
ݹȻƶ뿪Ǻ󣬵һվĿĵȷʵ֪ƶȥķҲ˵©ϢǲǣϢ֮©Ϊ˳ˣǳĳЩӰ£й©֪ġ
ķżһ˵ţһƵĳԼ鷿ȥ
ϹܼҸæϣҲǸ˺档
֮ǰɵĶСԴʱѪ̡ŶҶԼҶȻԺ
ϹܼҴߵʬʱҲаæ˶ӣǼڵˣҲȫεģɱķó˳֪֮
ȻĲС
Ҫ𣿡
ķķϹܼҺʵ
Ҫ˳ˣֻҪǰȥһȫɱ⣬ҲͲʲôûȷ֤ݵ£ұֻܻɡΪĳЩأ˹й©ϢͣôΧɱһ˵ǳΣգΪԷпҲᰵй۲̬ĽչһΧɱһ˵Ϣȷϣôȴǵģпҷıڵļ˵Ǻѳܡ
ķڽ͵
ô죿ѵǱߣǲȥˣ
Ϲܼ΢΢һʵ
ȻܲܣѾɱҵˣһˣһܷŹԴϰΪģһխرǷȥԺҲȻҪֿͷ鷳Ȼˣɴһ㣬ȫɱ⡣һȲ˵һ᲻ỳɵǵͷϣĻɣֻҪûоԵ֤ݣҲ
ķ΢΢һЦյļ˵һҪǣ֤ڿ֮ڣѾмչĿռ䡣Ҳ˵ҷǳǿ󣬵ڿҲȻź൱ͬһΪǣơǣһȫ̬ƣֻҪƶҵһˣһᾡܵĿơΪҲӵһ²ܸȣȴ㹻ͷۡ
ˡҲ˵û㹻֤ݵ£ҲðڿбķգԸǣΪԸǻвСģһЩģƽᱻƣҽӵмƺ⵱ǰ
ϹִܼԼƣȻ˵
ûǣǳɹһˣôҲζţҽʧȥһƷڣִǶڿеĴҲȻ˽ǵģ֮ԽۣҲԽȫ
ķ˵꣬ŤͷͬѪ˵ȥѪ̣ڲκ˵£͵͵ǡ֪ͨҸףѲҹʱֹͣҪüڵ֪
ķķԸѪͬʱӦһת뿪ԺӣѪӳѪ̾סٸȥѪǳ峤լԺķȥ
飬ȥһ˳³ˣҵķǱ˵һ¡Ͳùˣ˻֪Ҫôй©Ϣ͵ˣǳʲôԭ򣬳˶һᴦϣֻǱ˰ɣͻȽ鷳
ԸѪ̣ķתͬ˵
ŰҲ뿪լԺķż˵һ˲ڽ֣ϾֻǸոһʱѣ뿪ǻû̫ԶѱӻţԷðգ׷ȥȫüġпֵܶʱ䣬Ӧϡ׷ȥĹУһʱ׼ԷӵһƷڣҪԷȫΧɱڣѶȾԲС
ҲܴѪǶѾΪˣԷƷ⣬ȴֻʦĲΣֻҪסƷڣѪǺܹܿԷʦȫɱ⡣ʱ򣬿гѪһƷڽΧɱǾƷھԲѷɣ
Ϲܼʮ˵
⣬жʧСһĺá
ǣү׵ģ


238 
С㣬Ե㶫ɣѾ·ˣڳŵĻҲܲ˵ġ
һƬɽˮ֮أһʵͣ˺ϣݳĳͣ󣬱Ȼʼ׼һЩտþߡ
ĳŮһŮոţͷų˵
һݾŮҲ˳ųĳŶŮĲ£
ŮǴ뿪˲õƶ
Ǻƶһڳ֮ڵģƶҲƶ
ѾǰϦǰľɫһɻơ
ɽµһ̲ĺȻ󣬵ʤģ˵УȫԿĶ棬мֻ¹еںˮ
ֺΣյͨʳڣ֤û޳ûֵطͣʳҲǷǳȫġ
ݳĳ򣬴ʱѾ˿ȣųǰ׼棬ʼһһ˺ǳˮ
ȻЯ㹻ʳѵܹץһЩ㣬տʳõĻζȻӵҲǸһ»ʳ
ƶŮĲ£˺ߣȻϯضǰЩǵĺˮԼԶΡɽһʱЩʧҲ֪Щʲô
С㣬뵯òȥ
ŮеһѾ׼ЩԷҪõĶһֱƶԵŮǴ粽ƶҡ
ˣûʲô顣ھǵҲ϶Щӣƽ׵Ӱ쵽ǵ顣
ƶҡҡͷ˵
С㣬ҾáҪϲλĶ٣ǾӦĸ˵ӱܵĻôĶӣǵڰĶٹˣ
Ů˾죬͵ۿ˿ƶɫ󣬴ŵ˵
ôףҺĶ֮ʶȫ˽⣬ҲһϣֳľžްĲŻ֮⣬һУʵһ֪ʵϣȻкøУԼֺøУΪˣΪչֳһϷ·ܵ츳
ƶЦһ̾˿ĵļ˵ֻΪϵĳ嶯óȻߵĻ۶Ƕңƽοδޣò绪۵ĻȻ㻹Ҫʤһ֮䣬ڱ˴˵˽ϤȻҲܱ⣬ֺοֿԣҪȥ֮䣿
ƶЩȻ·ͬŮ˵еĿƣʵϸƷζĻܹжϵĳ˵
ǡȥӴĻԶҲжô˽⣿áô̫ϧ𣿡
ŮûֹͣԼȰ˵
磬кܶණǶ飬ҲֻжԺʹô򵥡ҸԸ⽫Ҹоɵ⣬ȥңעᷢһЩĹϵôҪӱܣҲǱܲġһĻһ¸ҵȥԡ
ƶź϶¹˵
ƶЩԾ
Ȼߵƶԣ˵
ô壿
˼ϣƶӵķӦһʱЩ
֪ܾƺЩΣյ鷢ҸղſܣǼֻˮ¹⣬ΧȻûбĶˣܲκһطֶܵڣ֮ҽ鲻Ҫͣھͻ뿪϶һ£ҲҪ֤ȫ
һصı˵
ȻӿЩĹͷƶȴûбʾκɣֱͬԶողú˳ԷþߵŮԼץкһȻ㳯ȥ
΢΢ºûж˵ʲôľ͸ϽϰŮԵЩģȴֲҷƶľֻܾ죬һǸողúõĳԷþʰ
Ȼڼ˽Ҫµʱ򣬺϶ɽкȻһХ
ţʮӰٵĴƬɽг˳ǰˣһԪ֮ǿ÷ɲǼɫ䣡
ԭںˮǼֻ¹ʱܵ˾ţðգ۵ĹܳȥԶ
ʮӰڳ嵽˺ϵʱҲû˿ٵ˼ǰͷǾôֱӲźӶ
ˮĸ󣬵ʮӰȫǰ˾ƷεʦȻǿҪųӹһ϶̵ľ룬Ҳûġ
Էٶʵ̫죬ƶһ˸ûκʱ䡣
ƶ˻ûʱʮ˱Ѿǰ
һʱ䵲ƶǰֻϵı飬Ѿѿ˼㣡


239 ׷
ӣ
ƶ˿ǰȺͻȻֵĲ֮ͣȻͿȺΪ׵ߣԸŵ͡
Ϊ׵ڷӺʱϾʹһˣֻٶ̫죬ƶûпڿ˵ݺƶʱЩ˳ֵĿʲô
ңɰּˡǺԵֵ
ӣһӴ򿪣һҡţһЦǺǵؿ˵
ôˣֱӽƶ£Ԥı˷ƶ֪õʱˣƺԵֶ֣Ϲϵɡ
ƶ˵
˵ô䵭ܹȵңȻҲԵֵһ֡롭ҵĴӦѾ³ҵԭ˰ɡôߣҶ֣ߣ
һоյľ͸оǳƶѾǺε
֪ԼʲôѵӲ֮뿪֮ǰҸ֮ĹϵԭʲôӾͲ£Ҹ˶ŭȻҲƴҲֵܵסҸ׵ŭӺαΪһ֮˽Ҷ뵽ΣյУ
ƶɫ΢΢Щףȴûʲô仯
ٺ٣Ҫôˡȷʵ㸸ף㸸վֻһѣҪңҪ㹻֤ݲСֻҪһˣȫʧ٣㸸Ȼı£ΣڣҪعصģ˵ǰɣ
ں˵
ⷬشƶһ֪ԷѾ¶˾ģνϵĶţǲöԷıˡ
үǻǱʱˣٿ䣬Ƚȫ°ɡ
Ϊ׵ʵﵽ˾Ʒڲεߴͺƶ֮ĶԻ
ȻЩãȴҲûбʾԣֻɫĵ˵ͷ
ƶȴ͵ͷͬʱȻ̤ǰһٵͬ˵壡ӻȥҸ﷢飡ֻҪߣǾ;ԲҶκγ飡Էʵ̫࣬УһֻпӵĻȥ
ԭƶǰʶľҪֽƶ
ƶ˵Ļ󣬶ֱӽסԺе֮ͨеĹؽڡ
ŷ赱㲻ƶǸɾһԾ
ԾͬʱѾתһȦͷ˲佫ٶ˼£ʱķ񱼶ȥ
Ʒڵȫ汬֮ﳾͬʮƥͬʱһ㣡
ס
ȫû뵽˵Ĺŷôգ۵ĹѾʮ⣬ʱеؽе
һֱһעڷϵߴʱѾ˷Ӧڷرӵͬʱ㷢˳ȥ
͵ĽʱʵѾ嵽ƶֻٶ̫죬Ͳûзֶѡ
̼Ѿ׷˼Զľ룬ŽĿ·Żƶϣͷ촽ͬʱһ֣ڵǶ˭ҪǷ͸ֱΡȻҵĹͣɵ÷㣬˭ҪǲС˵ңҿɲ
ʮʦȻӦŵʮʦǰһѸٽƶԼŮס
ƶΧվʦ
߰ɣң˵ģܹɹѵĻȻҶ㣬޷ѵĻ㷴ҲûκôǾ͸ɴһЩɡ
˵ŻʱѾߵƶǰͬʱҪȥƶ°͡
ƶƫͷܿ͵֣ؿڵٶֶŵģڻûİȫ޷ء
ٺ٣ƢϲɣҲȲ˶ãҪĿʱĸԸҵĴ
ͺٺһЦֵߣ֮ǰȷ·ߣˣӵȥһͷιˡ
ָʦæӦŵ
һȺ˱ٵ뿪˺ϣƬɽֶȥ
ʱѾӳʮصľ룬Ʒڲε׷ᣡ
Բٶϼվӵʵϵľƣ·ѾԼٶ˼£Ҳ޷˦ѡ
鷳ǣƷں;Ʒ֮Ĳ࣬սϣڱ˴Ԫۺ̶ϡ
ƴƳĻȻǾƷڵĶ֣ԷǳĽ
ȥѵ˶Է׷
ԽǼУԽæгȻʼǿԼܵ侲ǣƶȴҲƲסԼ
ʮؿ˳ȥȴ֣ߵľ벻ûвСơ
һʱļ٣ΪôıܣʵѾС
Ǽȥٶȸܼά֣鷳ǣһĵһĳ̶ȣپ㹻ս
뵽ˣȻ٣õѾУȫûоϢתͻأĻ˹
žƷڣսĻԼûκεʤ㣬䲻⣬ϣͨͻȻĴԷش
ֺͣЪķתɾ޴ĸ˺Ҳʱ˲ˣ


240 ж
֮ľȻ㲻ϽȴҲͬ㲻Զٶȫ£־ֻҪգ۵Ĺ򣬱׷ϡ
ԷȻ١һʱ˹ʱ߱Ѿǰ
ʱǽǶȣ趼յۣ
Ϊľʹ÷ʵ㲻϶ôͻսȴǼΪḻ֮ıжϣϲκεĴ
ȻҲûԤϵ边ͻȻѡ񣬴ֲ£ֻüǿǿнҪܿ˷ͻȻϮͬʱ˫ֳƣŷؿӡȥ
ϵ߻ӦԣڷϮʱѾϵĹȻûܵκεӰ죬ȴֱԾ˰֮Уǡñܿߵһ
ꡪ
ϵ𣬲ҴһѪ⣡
ȻܿҪɱͻȻķˣ
Ȼᣡ
ֱӵһĻڣڵϱи©ѾƤ⣡
ⷭİɼǣ
ֻоһĵʹĴ˸¡
ʹȴ˲ֱһȡ
ʶһְֻס˿ڣЩŭӵĿԾ˰֮䵽˵ϵķ衣
ʱʵоҺӦ㼰ʱɹıܿҪ򷽲һ£ֱֱҪ
û뵽һѣȻ﷭
߳˾ŭ֮⣬ķǾó衣
Ʒ׷Ʒڣʮþȵ龹ȻЩԷɱֱǶ˶˼ҵ顣
ǳϣ㾹ȻܹĶҪΪԼ֮ǰӶͬһǸ԰ˣƷڵʵЩңǸ˲ս
߻˻Լžվǰ֮ķ裬˵ֶĸ֮ǻ൱ˣӦܵû˰ɡ
ԡ
ޱ˵
ٺ٣ٸϷװǻƣ˵ڸͽĻȫʤ״̬ϷҪ㣬ҲѲ˶ٹ򣡡
ɭȻһЦٵԼ˿ڸ£ԭɼǵ˿ڶʱֹסѪ̬ơ
Լڷٵ˼ŸȥӦԡ
ͷѾΪżϸܵĺ飬ȴʼ벻һЧİ취
ԷжûȷʵѾû˼ַٶȵȻϿʲôղҲֻʵֶ屾ͷȫȫ෴ģʱЩλƣƾҪȶԷصöࡣ
Ŷ߾Ϊм۾嶼Ѿȫ䱸ٶ˿ӣٲ񷽲׷ʱǰε̾˿
һƶ޷㽻ˡ
һĽӽһƷڵϢѾһ۷״̬
źͶԷľ޴࣬շ˼ֿ

үֵĺۼͻȻûˣһУѾˡ
ƶһ˱صĺϱϣķϹܼҡҶԼһѪ̳
һֱǰ·Ѫڼһֳķԣ˵
һ·ϵȴͷ˳ųԯĺۼ׷ʱȴֺۼƾʧŲòͣһϸµ̽顣
ʱɫûȫȥͽƶһ˵ʱȥʱҲ
Ȼķһ㣬Ѫֵķķпʼϱֵкۼ
꣬ķԼļ飬΢΢üԷֵʱԤƵҪһЩµĺۼǺԡѾǲˣӦӵƥʱδġطûзκδ򶷵ĺۼһ˳ֵıȽͻȻƶǾǰȴû롣
ˣƶһҲ˷ǳȷľӦһ˳ֺĵһʱ䣬ѡرӣϣܹӻѰȱֻǲûгɹԷƷڳ֣ץ˻Ӧ׷Ĺй֣ƷˡΣʱ޷жϡԶԷȥʱ䲢׷ȥü
˵꣬ķ׼·˳ŶԷȥʱµЩϸ΢ĺۼ׷
ЩۼԣѪûܹⷽѵ޷ټ׷١
Ȼ⡣
ֻǰ˼ȴ˶ûиķЩɻͣ˽Ųת㿴ϹܼһҶֻ߷վΧЩѪ̣ʱһ𾪵ؿԼ
ôˣ
ķֵʵ
ү˵Щµģ
ϹܼҴʵ
Ҳǲ°ɣֻǸµЩۼеĺжϡ
ķָָЩҵĽӡԼȥʱȳӡǡ
жϣôʲôûп
ϹܼãȻɫ
ǵȻˣүҿרҵģˣ˷ʱˣϽߣ鴦ˣٸǽ󡣡


241 ʩ
ķѪ̵ǰ棬һ·µЩô۵ĺۼŷϵ׷١
׷ٶķûκεѶȣһ·ʼûй˿ͣǰ֪һ˾ѡ·һ㡣
һһ·ʶĽ˺ۼϵĴִķȴʵеĿЦûκ塣
һɱ׷ٵֱСƵ顣
ϹܼҺҶǸķңһ·϶ޱȺؿķЩٶ
ķĴ£Ѿ뵽ɽ֮ڣΧȫǱصҶ͸ָĹľ
ϹܼһҶɽǰеĹУûзκرĵطķȴܹע⵽עⲻһЩϸڣȻͣͨЩϸڣһЩ޷жϡ
ǰ£ҲûлѶõʱ䣬һֱнŵķȻֹסӣͬʱ֣ʾŵѪѹ
ϹܼҺҶЩĪǱܵİķҪ󣬷˽ŲűϸϸĸķǰŲ׵ľ롣
ΧһƬľ͸ľ֮ķ϶ϹܼҺҶȴǷ֣һѾǵߵУ
ɽ֮еһյأҲ֪ôҵֵطʱƶ̴ӶſڿյصĽ䡣
ƶȴǱӵоƷʵ߿ţѺ͵ǰ
ϹܼҺҶʶĻһۣ˴˾˶Էǳ˲˼ζ
ʵ벻ףķͨʲôķʽ˾׼жϣȫûκδġƬïɽ֮䣬׷һˡ
ķٴ֣еѪ̱ʱϢɢ
˳ǰյΧЩľ𽥵ĳԲεİΧȦ
ԷһȺϾһƷڣ˵жСССģΪһЩ΢СʧöԷǰ
Ҫȳ䲻ģƶһ˵һʱȳźá
սվͶܵӰ졣
ԶԷûнȫľڶΧĽ䱸УټѪ֮ǰķķѵУѾ߱˼ǿǱԾжĶ࣬ȴûоյһˡ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ׵ĲԼϵɫǰɫĮƶٺЦң뷨޷ʵˡҲʵǲټͣԾˮ齻һ£ƷƷ˴εӰɡ
ƶɫ΢䣬ߵĿ£ȴûκжɱ
ǰƶͷһ
û뵽;Ȼᵨ쵽ĳ̶ȣֻǿϧǰ⸱ӣȻˡ
סȻ˶תȥѾˣһҪȺúõһΣȻٰɱ͵ػ񡣡
ͿƶԵߣ˵
ߴӦһƶ˼£ͨԪ룬ƶڵϢȫš
ʹƶȻʶڣȴҲ޷Լӡ
߲һ֣˷׷ױȥ
ҪΧվʮ˵ȥ˽ܵ飬ƺԵø˷Щ
ŹվԼƶ˫۷Ź˵̫ˣֻô㣬ҾͿƲסĴģ˶ǲһξʹġ̫ҲáԽһߣһ·϶Ҫһֱǵȵ˿ʱ򣬻û㣬ҾͰؼרŵһιֱ湻Ϊֹڶʱڣ㲻ôǲǺܿģ
һ˵ţһԺлžнƶ֮ӣһʱ䶼ΪеݶĲ
ƶǵ۾ȴȫס˵޷
ۿһһĽӽƶޱ˫ۣһ뵽ԼҪۣƶңԺΨһʣµ뷨֮һҪҵᡭɱ
ƶ˫ۣ׼ʱΧȻޱͻأһХ
Хͬһ㣬ΧԭΪĻ˲
ƶоԼĸ첲ȻסڶԷӰ£ֱӵ˶ԷĻ
ƶһܵ˫Ȼؿ˻ˣȻķ
ֻɲԼĿƵУƶ޷ͨκηʽԼϲ飡


242 Ҳ
һѽƶ˻֮ķֱӱƶԾ˿յصıԵλá
һХһжźţ˵ǰĿյһƬҡ
嵽ƶԣƶӿյмȻͬʱϹܼѾƷڷ˹
ʹЩҵʦȻѪȥк
һ˵ȱ̫ͻȻټϾЩ˶ӣʵΪʶĳ󲿷ֵעϣҪͺƶ֮ȫ̡
ƷڲεҲ⡣
ǰͻıʣ˵ķӦ˰ġ
ǽŶԷ˰ĵĻᣬķһʱ佫ƶߣҶҲһʱ佫ŷ輸˵ʦһһƱС
ǻһһķֱԼĶ֣ƬԭĿյأɲǼֵĺɱ
ûж׼еͻȻĳͻһʱ䶼ӦļΪִ١
ߵǻһЩվžƷڵʵ֮ǰ׷ĹˣƵӰ첢ϹܼҵͻϮеֲҲû̫ңٸϹܼҲһ󣬱˴˻ġ
Щʦûôõˣ
ԵЩͻȻֵĶ֣Ǻȫͬ
ԵϹܼңֻǺͬˮ׼ЩʦҪԵģȴȫǱǿĶĶ֣
һƷں;Ʒʦֻ֮һ磬ɾôһĲ𣬱˴֮ʵȫԵơ
ҶҲڷͻϮ˲Ʊʦ
ѪǶֻǸոսΪһƷڲãϻ㲻ȶʦεĶʱܹչֳȻ˾
˼ûôķѹЩҵʦǱ׷ѪǵС
׷֮ǰķѾ¹һսûκʷյôҪֱ֣ڡ
ЩѪ̶ķȻǺޱִУһҵʦǱ㵹ùˡ
ӳĻҿʼʵһҲǼʱ䣬ǿѪǽ˼ֵʦǱѾ֧Ųסķ׷׷Ĳҽ
Щҽд˷ͬһʱ䱬ѪޱĹ֮£ҵʦǳƬƬĵء
˸ߵЧȫӦĿһѪڽ˶ֱֺǰסļȻӲıĹ˵ϡ
ʣµѪ̣ȫԼĶֺѸٵĽߺϹܼŵİΧ
ô£ķôܵ˭ȻҶҵ֣ļҾͲҵı𣡡
ż˫ϥ͵ع˵ϣΪϥײӲĵǿʹͻع˾ƶ˾˭Ͷʱ̲ס
ķȴǷ˸ۣƶ˼£ԼԶͨۻĶԪǿн߶ƶĿƳ忪ſ˹ڵϵ͡
ǲɵȥɱҵʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽Ľҿɲʲôˣ˶ɱͷˣȫû顣
ķһƶڻָ˶ԼĿƺƺڲϰߺܵĽӴŬҪѿĻòɿ֣ͬʱǲˬĿ˵
ǻе飡ɱѵӦ˷ſңұ֤һٳļɱһɶļһôҡôң
ĿҪ裬ŬҪվȴҲһǿߵѹơ
Сʹû裡
ټԭϾͿԵõƶȴҪĹͷ˳׵ƻ˫صĴ̼£˵ɵñʮּ
ȻɵģҶôˣѵʲôȻǰȫɱⰡֻҪǶˣô֪⾿˭ģ˵ˣͼٳַһ֮ŮʱҽҪ鷳ذɣ
ķһ˵ֱ꣬ӳЩǰֻΧһȦѪǣ´˹
һʱ䣬˿͵Ѫ⣬ʣѪ˲ȫ뵽ϹܼҺߵսֵУ
ڵϵȴķ˵Щ΢΢º󣬶ʱ¶һ˼ı顣
㡭ɱң
ҪɱңȻҪɱ㣬ⲻǺ𣿡
ķȻ˵
㡭㲻ɱң
ķûκοЦ˼ʶһ飬ű㾪ֵؽе
ŭǷ·ˮͷһ㣬˲ʧӰ٣ȡ֮ģǷĵĿ־壡
Ϊʲôɱ㣿
ΪΪɱҾҪҵŭļҾԵסҵıļҶΪĳ嶯𣿣
ɾҲɱ㣬ȥҲһңԵȻɱһ˰ˣøɾһЩ㲻֪˵ǲ
ķߵ͵ǰĵĽ͵
⡭ҡҲ˻ģģγʧô󣬼϶Ҳҽϳͣ˵þͻһκܳʱĽգҿ϶ģ
鼱֮£͵ӵתĿһЩٵ˵ԼΪܹƭķĻ
ģ
ģ
Ҳء
µͬʱķѾһƺ͵ϣ


243 
һֱȫ߿Ѫͬʱ˫ʼյɵԲΪʧȥ֧Ŷĵڵϣ͵ֻ۾Ҳʼյɵϴ
һŵı飬ƺ޷ţԼȻ׵ؾôˡ
ԶսڼȻڲεĽϹܼҺ֮ʵƾУԶսʵ
˭ҲȫԸΪ󿪴ϵսöץסܹһĻᡣ
еѪǶѾ뵽սֵУҲûʲô仯
ֻϹܼҺѪֵΧ£֧ŵԽԽ࣬Ӧò˶ãܡ
лĶˣǼʱϵǲ롣
ָжķ֧ӣŲķԣ˵
֮ǰ׷У߲ûֱɱѡ˻
Ϊ˱б뷨ڴ·ϣֱӽˣȻȴҲʧȥ˼ս
ÿҲ׼ȫΪӪңĵΪ˼忼ǡϾ˰ȫصɲʲô¡
ķ˵
ôʵлƶġ
վһԵƶЩӵ˵
ԷһҲ֧Ų˶ˣ¾ôˣȻϮƶұ븶ۣ
ȭΪŭ˵
ķȴ΢΢üʾⷶƶȺˣһľ롣
Ȼɻ󣬲ƶͷȴûжʣֻǰķƣ
ľƺԽԽʣҽµ˵ΧнĴ·磬ƺѾʼ̷ֺļ
ϵҲڲֻͣ࣬ôһСĹߵȫ¾ȻȫѪȾ졣
Ȼ־棬ķȴû¶Цݣֻüߣϸع۲ߵϢ仯
ֹ۲˼ӵʱ䣬ķı˱仯ԥƾմǶԻۣŴһүѾɱˣ翹ʲô壡
ʲô
ӦΧЩ˳㹥ƵһܵŤͷķڵλÿȥȻ㿴ѪĿʬ壡
㾹ȻɱҼүңƺļҲݣ
ߵͫ׾£ԭѾʼήҵԪȻ䱩
һ̫ͻȻΧڽΧѪ̺ϹܼҶЩ׼㡣
ǽԼȻ䱬ǿֱӳ˰ΧȦ˷Ӧ£Ȼķȥ
ʵⲢõѡ
֮ǰһֱͨϵļԼֿϧԼ岻ͣ˵ķʽΧѪǶľġ
һȻɹͻ˰ΧȦȷѡӦǴ˵ķֱӳֵС
ĻƷڵʵԿɽ֮гɹߡ
ֻҪܹӳȥô͵İȫȻԱ֤
Ϊţļҵ;Բҽ
ҪͻΧǰһɲǣķȴȻôһ䣡
ԭΪǰЩļ˲Ҷֵߣڿ͵ʬ󣬶ʱͷһƬ
ż徫͵һ˳λ̳ǰǣȴֻһǱӻأֽҲ޷ܵģ
ܹƽķңҲƱػܵΣ£ҪЩʲô
硭ֵߣ
˲˰ΧȦ󣬲ûѡȷķ룬Ǻԥĳķȥ
ȻҲǳ嶯µľͣѾǰѪ˺
ķչֳԪֻߵĲΣ߻Ҫԭ
߿ߵʱ˳㽫ķɱҲԲ˷κʱ䣡
ɣķɱ㣡Ȼٻȥ֪ʱұؽļļңүᣡ
Ǿ˵Уټ
ڳΧȦ󣬽ֻգ۵Ĺ򣬱Ѿķǰ
⣡ˣ
Ϲܼɫ䣬ܵһʱ׷ķӦվǱһξ룡
ξܽȴַ·ġ
ƾң
Ѿ˻۵ķһ䣬̼㵽ǰߣǵûκζĶ΢΢ϥͬʱ˫۽滤ǰŴһЩ洢ѨеԪޱȫ˳
޴
ͬһʱ̣ǺֵһƣĺǳصĺķĻ֮ϣ


244 ȫɱ
䣡
ҵײ˾޴ˡ
ķײλΪģѸٵĳɢ
ƶһ˶˵ĳ±˸ͷҲ˵Եʣ˳嵹˵ϡ
ѪǷ׷ʶıֻϹܼӭˣȻܵһЩӰ죬ǰͷȴûͣ١
ôܣ
ޱ𾪵ؿǰķӡķ˫֮ϣǾҵײķȴǽǰ˸һɶ
ԭʼģһƻɱķ󣬺ͣЪѸԶݵļƻȻѾ޷ʩС
ΪǷ׵ͬʱڳ˲ˣ
߸оŵǣķûбһƺɱҿڵֵסĹ󣬻û˶̫ܵĴˣ
ôܣԷֻ߶ѣȻܹסƷڵȫһ
ѵǻþ𣿣Σ
ҡǶײ˲䣬ǰķԪ֮Ӵ󣬸Ͳһܹӵеģ
⾿ô£
˼ת磬ȴǰ״ȫ֪ûеһʱ㹻ȷӦԣ
ôһʱ䣬ֱӸĴۣ
˵ĳ£ȻƶϵϹܼҴʱѾߵΪķİȫȻǺޱ
צ̼ƽֱĻߵ䣡
ھ֮еȫûзڱ׷һ΢΢º֮ɫѸٵİȥ
ķޱĿǰ߱׷Ϲֱܼնֱߵӷֱ˵ϺŽ첲ϵǶԻջ˽ָС
ôôܡ
ߵϰſڵϣ쳣
ȻѾʱ޷ԼղһС
ȻϹܼնϣڼǿǿ֧߲ûеһʱȥ
ϢѸٵ˥ȥվôһûʡ
ûʲôܵģ棬ԼҲû뵽Ȼܹȫ赲ҵĳԾʵ١
ķһ˵ţһ߶ӣǰʱпȥߣ˵ԭ뷨ֻϣܹסƬ̵ʱãֻҪܹΧͷʧܣȻ˳£ɲ룬СңƺԼҲСԼءԭ֪䣬Ѿǿˡɻֻһ߶ѡ
㡭ȥ㡭
ǿǿг˲ʵʵ
ûڸղŵսбֵЩ֣ں㽻ս߶ȽţԲδھ⣬ȴֻܹǵҷ֣ƺǴͨ𽥻ȻͻȻȥΧʱѾûʱȥֻ߲ãûа취£ֻգԼն򡣱Ͼֻһߣһʵ֤ҵ뷨û
ķ˵ͷЦǺǵĽԼŵ
㡭ħ
ߵ۾ֻԼʶԽԽģնľʹƺЩоˡ
ɣ㲻˵ҪļĻȻ޷⣬ҵۣԣҵѾעȻڡ˵ģļĿǰɲҵĶ֣룬ʱ䲻̫á԰ĵȥˣ㱣֤ᾡܿҵˣȥǵġ
ķ˵꣬վȻһŲȵߵĲϡ
һŲأȴѾ㹻
һôŭĿԲţ·ĿһӣķֻǳΧѪ֣ڵǾ͵ɣһ㣬ñһЩｫʬڳ
ǣү
һѪ̺ȻӦŵȻ㿪ʼ˽æµ
ȻһȺµʬ岻٣ѪǶѾﵽڵľ磬ҪŪһЩǷǳ򵥵ġ
ûһĹһﵽ˽ʮĴӣͱЩѪŪ˳
ţ˵ʬ壬ЩѪӵ˴֮ڣֽķʼһԲվڿյصıԵ֪Щʲô
ѪڽЩʱһӰȻֳ嵽Ƭյ֮С
ӰƼǿ˿յϣ˿յصǰľӰֺȻͣ˳ơ

Щ
￴˿ȷƶֻ˵㾪ţûбŷЦ˵
Ҳ˵ʱ鶼ˣںҪȥҪʾ
ķ΢΢Ƿ
ߣƻСӣҪҰ㱳ˡ
Ȥ
ӦòǱɣϾҲйϵ𣿡
йϵȥˣˣվ˷ʱˣȻѾˣǾȻسһ£¾Ҫδɡ
û˵꣬תȥķ˸Ҳܿ뿪Ƭյء
ֱȫ߿ֹ֮õʱ䣬һϸӰŻش߳˿յϡ
ѾļûʲôۼƬյأĬȻ˰ãһ˿ӵɫתû֮ڡ
ϸӰأ


245 ɽ
Ĵ£ķһ˻صڳĹУûоκˡ
Ѫ̰ķҪڽ˳Ǻĵһʱ䣬ɢֱǱļլ֮ڣֻϹܼҺҶķԣͬƶһһ𣬸󣬽˳
ЩأƶҲЩڸסɣȳˣг
ո鷿㿪˵
ȷʵᣬڻ·ϣѾ¹˵ҩѾָ˲١ֻҪﵽûǰ״̬ٻҪҵʱ䡣
ҡסû𡭡
ƶЩɵ˵
飬סﻹסǣ֪㲻ͳ̫ϵڳҲûʺȥĵطֻΪ÷ܹúõ죬Ҳϣ㲻Ҫܾ
˵
ֻ˵ĻҲֻгס١ļҲҼġ
ƶ촽͵ķһۺ󣬿˵
£ʲô
ķʱһȻؿƶƶȴ˵Ѿͷȥӡ
㡭ԸסļңҲԸסڸ
УֲôԵʧ䡣
ǣҲס˼죬ļҵլܴ롭ҸõԺӣӦûеģԲô㡣
ƶ϶ص˵ͷ
һĬ˿Ž˵ðɣˣǾסļҰɣȷһãǾͿ·ûһȺˣӦòٳʲôˡ
л⡣
ƶ˵
ιιô£ôͻȻҪסҼȥˣһڸûо£ֱ˾
ǡǰҵǲǺôҲһҰ
ķĿĿƶһʱȫ֪ôԼǻĸо
ķŮ⼸Ͱиˡ
￴ķ˵
иˣôͰиˣҴӦ𣿣
ķ̲סٴ
ҾȥĿϢһˣҪ̸ҲûʲôȤͲˡķ̸֮Ҫߵʱһ
˵꣬ƶŮһ뿪鷿
鷿ʱֻʣ˷衢ҶϹܼԼķˡ
ķؿ鷿ű¹Ťͷ˵ʲôЦôͻȻҪסҼȥӵ£
ҲˣƶԳȽϿܣ۳ԭ⼸ʱԸסļҲԸס⡣ΪһףȻֻ
Ц˵
ǲǰ˳ˣԼŮѡûҲӦǰõҵɣһûӦסȥ
ķЩ˵
ȿȣʲôϵԺڵ⣬ļһҶҪһ㣬ҲҪҵĶֵ֧ҹϵôˣŮȥסʲô˵ġ
ɿ˵ͬʱķļ󲻸ķκ˵Ļᣬֱת˻ЩС¾Ȳ̸ˣ°ɡһȫɱ⣬ƱҪһ˵һ֪ļ壬һôˣչ鲻ǼС¡ǲܶסҵ죬ֵ˿㿤εĲԸ⣬ҲҪ鵽׵ġ
ҿҪסҵ죬Ҳϼ׷ֻܰһЩСʵʲôѵ飬ؼֻڣǷԸ⡣
ķָ˵
Ȼһ֮ȴҲ׵رͿ֪ҵƣܵøһ˵ùȥɰɡ
Ȼ֪ķҪ˼ȴδһʱӦǺϾ˵
ҵĹϵôˣҪôɸ˵ˣΪһףԼŮܵ۸ѵһԼ̬𣿡
ķƲƲ죬һףֱӰ﷽˵Ļ˻ȥ
ƶվû£Ȼ㼰ʱϵ˴ҲʵЩҰ㿸飬Ȼܵ൱޴ĸӰ죬һ㲹ңֻƾ輸仰ǲ̫Щ
üëΪˬ˵
ðɣȻˣǾȥЩƤĻڰɡ
ķʼ磬˵ЩˣǳȥɵģԭȻͼҲ죬ǵŭԺľ֡ЩǰģͬʱһһĴ𸴣Ҫֵǰÿ
ȸ״
ǲǶˡ
һǾҪҺ֮ǣעȫļҵתƳɡ
ѵ𣿡
²ûκιϵҪӦջ񣬲мֵ
Ժļİٷ֮ʮ

ôˣ

ⲻ֪𡣡
ãɽ


246 ̤;
ķ֮Ľеķǳ٣˴֮ĶԻκ˼һһģҲûжּۻ۵Ļڣֱӽ˫ҪԼ̸˸׵
쵶ն̸пһԵϹܼҡҶԼ˶ЩĿɿڴ
ֱķ˵һ˶Щûع
Ȼ˹ʶҾͲˣǱ߻˶ģӦ׼ʱ䣬ȻҲ뿪ǣʣµ飬ֱӺҸϵá
ɿ˺һ֣ķ΢Цſ˵
ŶҪȥģòھʹȥɣ
ʵ
ȷʵǴȥȻվֻǶɽĿ˿ɽ۸ֻڵĵλ޿һԼżȥڷչҸʵЩ˷ʱɡֱȥһ
ķͷ˵
΢΢һЩ˵͡ǲеСˣȻȥѧҲٵɣ
ϣЩ˵ĳɳŲǺЩͨ˲ͬġ
ķ˵ţѾת鷿ϹܼҺҶȻǸæϣǺһվ鷿֮У̲ס˴
Ҵûмκһʮˣܹķĳ̶ȣ֪Ϊʲôÿһķʱִ·ԼԵģһδʮˣһͬ䡢ȴֱҸϼ޻ļһǡ˼顣
鷿Ĵƶ˸ķȥĶﲢûиȥͣǼվ鷿֮УЩп˵
ϼ޻õĲãǰԼȥˣ
һԵķЦŴȤ
ϧ⣬ʵҲĸʵĴȥķСӡԺĳɾǻ᲻
üë˵
ôƶķ֮ĹϵأôģҵĹ۲죬ƶӦǶķкøеģֻķϾδޣֺø÷ƶΪìܣټϺķӴĲķ˽ΪƬ棬ԷƶƺǴӱ⣬ȥԡ
ʵ
ͲòˣҲȥʲôչ֮飬ȻԼ뷨֮۷ƶľʲôҶ֧ˡ
˵⣬ҲԵúΡ
һ⣬ҵ˻֪뿪ķԼʱ䣬λûйϵ
ʳ֮ǰǳ£վûн
ֻʳ֮ȴ뵽˳ʱĳĬС
Ҳߴ٣ôվĶ棬صȴĻش
ɫЩѣֹãſЦ˵վǲ˽Ůˡ
ðɣˡķӦѾԶˣٲ׷ȥĻû׼ҪļҵˡڷƶģһҵȥֻҪһţƶ;Բܵ˺
˵꣬Ҳת뿪鷿
һʱ䣬ټ鷿ֻʣһ˶ĬĬվţ˫˳鷿Ĵ˴⣬ֻߡûκεľ۽

ļʱһƬƶסļ֮УûиļκεӰ졣
˺󣬾Ѿȫƶûٶסһ죬ֱӴԼˣ뿪ļҡ뿪ǣٴ̤·
ļҾס죬ƶҲǴŲŲûͬļҵκ˼棬ֻǳϵҪǰݷõʱ򣬺Ĺ仰
ȻûϵĿǣƶҲȻļһ棬ԭ޹أֻغƶԼһķĸס
ֲֻΪ˵С˼ƶͬκ˵ѡ
˭Ҳ֪ƶ﾿Щʲôֻзܹ³һЩֻƶ̬ȱķǳȷԷҲֻܽԼĲ²
ķ⼸ʱ䣬ΪԼҶȻȥ׼
Ѿ׵ɢʼԤƵļõ˾ķݶͬʱһСַݶ̯ȥ¶մ
ͨ⼸ʱ٣Ͼ󲿷ֵĲҵѾɹĲ뵽ļϵС
ЩļЩǵʱȫȫı˳
ҵ飬ķҲĽһ̸ķ˵ọ̈̄Լ֮Ľ׺󣬵ǲûֱӷֻǱʾķΪԺļ̳ˣȨ
ڽ뵽֮ں󣬼ҪȥҵĹϵҲֻķſģЩ飬Ϊļҵ⡣
ķȻԱ㵱治ȥ롣
ƶ뿪ļ֮ĵ죬ķҲ뿪֮ǰȫ׼Ǹ˵ģǸҶȻԼġ
һĵ糿ķҶȻͬԺԼĺϹܼҸ˱̤ǰ·;


247 ޻ԭ
ܹһߵλãȻͷȥǬĽôĿǬΧֵʵһֲԲΡ
˿·Բεϣͬеһг˰˷ݡ
ÿһݵĴСƽֻǴ϶Χһĵѡ
ĵ㣬޻ԭ
޻ԭռƽ̹˵滷˶ӣȴƫƫ˸޵档
ݲȫͳƣ޻ԭڵޣгǧͬ࣡
е޼һǲǧ
ǵ۵ĻȻ޻ԭǱ˿ͬʱΧĵһ򣬵ʵ޻ԭռطΧԺκһгĴСȡ
ҪоٳһǬΧΣĻ޻ԭϵڶ;ûκĵطϵһ
ͨ˸̤ƬأֻЩǿǣŻʱʱĳ
֮Իܵ޻ԭԭҲ޹أֻغ档
ܻŷգ֮ȻԽǾ޴ΣգȻҲž޴ջ
ǰǣȥܡ
ڴǬڡЩͨҰ޲ͬЩ޻ԭϵޣһЩΣյĴڣ
СޣԺ߲εȣЩȻϡ١رǿޣеܹεᲢۣ
ӵǿЩޱȻŲ֮
ڶʦ˵޵ĽǣǶʱϲĲϡ
ȿʯӼӲҲӯͬʱǿ޵ĽǣܹһЩ
Ϊ˼ʣöʦ޽Žڷ׷
ϣʦڶƷ׵ʱᾡܵȥ޵Ľǡ
ܹͨȫϵĲȥĻôյƷȻҲľƷ
ҩʦ޵Ѫ⡢อ衢йǿҩĶ
ͶʦһһҩʦĳһֵҩʱܹҩʵϵĶôҩﱾҩЧһ𵽼Ч
ǶʦҩʦְҵУ˵ȽصķʦϵĶҲͬ
һȻ㵼˴޳û޻ԭ֮С
ҩʦʦԼʦЩߵְҵĴǵ򲻵ѵ£ԸյɱޣȻˣҪõЩϵĶֻͨ޵ȥôΨһ;
ȻǱӴôЩҲȻȥ
ͨ˵Ȼ޻ԭȥɱһǳΣյ飬֮ĥ£ʵżôģټܹõЩϣȫ൱߰ļ۸
κʱ޻ԭﶼӴޡ
ֻ޻ԭȷʵ̫ھܻԭڳ궼εŴޣ޺֮˴ļʣɺС
עĽ̵ֱʱҪȫþȱֻõڱܿĹ֮󣬿׵Ķγѹơ
ķϥһʯͷϣʮ׵ľ֮ڽŵһ
ʱĻѼ䡣
ڽвģҶȻһֻƷΪèޡ
Ȼ濴ΪңҶȻӦԵĻɣķʼֻһҶȻһЩսҪעĵط
Ҫ̫·ʵսḶ́һӦĹ̡սǱȽ׵飬ϾûжǻֻۣƾűȥжֻҪǵĹʽܹӦԡ˵Ļûˡ
ķ˵
ʱҶȻѾһ̴ֻèԴ
ԭ񱩵èڴԱᴩ֮ʱήҶȻеĽè׶೤㾶ֱˤ˵ϡ
⣬һ֮ǰλܹèأȴȫûץסڼսаջԾǷѡȻڸոս뵽ԭʱʵѾܶˡ
ķӴʯͷһ˵ţһ߻ߵͷèʬԣȻӿóһѷ޹ǵַؿʼͷèʬн١
ϲͣɵͬʱķսеԼķʽϸͬԱߵҶȻһ飬ҶȻû˵ֻרעķ˵ÿһ仰ȻεĽЩ
ӽ޻ԭʼ𣬵Ѿȥ˰ҵʱ䣬ȻҶȻľͣƷʦĲϣȴǳ֪ʵսڽ޻ԭ֮ǰѾ˾޴
ͨͣĺ޽սԼķÿʱÿ̵ľ׼㲦ҶȻսԽ롣
ڵҶȻͽԭ֮ǰҶȻжԱȵĻôڵҶȻͬʱԭ֮ǰԼͬʱܹսʤ֮
ֻҶȻЩ벻ͨǣķµʱͨĲָͣ㣬չֳֶս⣬·ǧ򳡵ɱһ㡣
ǡķʱȥЩ
οķͻ߳Ϊ޵ʱ򣬾ڶһʱ䡣
һʱķսָЩſڼս顭ķǴģ
ЩսԲǱ˴ڵģܹʱ̵ĸսֵ⣬Ҫֱָ㣬֤ЩսֻķԼĻۣҾǾḻ˿ֲĳ̶ȣ
˽Խо˼ĵطҲԽء


248 ɳ
ҶȻأվһԣޱԼµʱ
ķѾɾĽֻèϡмֵĲλȫ
޹ǵЩٳĶŵ˿ںķϵĻңվ
èʵѾ൱ͨƷʦˣڵʵս˸ǿޣǻӦķǳѡǾԵǰΪ䣬ȻƿԭЩǰɡȻƲٵԶ·ٲЩԶΧΣա
ķҶȻ˵
ң֪Ҳ࣬ôźʣôűáֻҪܹøǿ󣬾û
ҶȻƽ˵
ٺ٣ǺãǼɣڵٶжϵĻҪ߳Ƭ޻ԭٻҪҵʱ䡣޻ԭ֮ҲҪͣĸϽµ·ִܵﾩʱ뾩ѧѧԱӣЩУʱǱȽϿԣġ
ķЦе˵
ҶȻνĵ˵ͷķѾתȥæ첽ȥ
޻ԭѾɹ˽µʱ䣬ޣҲֻвһƷҵʵ𽥵ʦƷҵˮ׼
ֶѭ򽥽ҶȻĥḶ́еļΪ˳
ʵ޻ԭǴӶɽƵĿ˳޻ԭķΧγɵĻȹһȦս뵽ڵӿĻȻ·̵ĳȻ޻ԭ·һңʵҪķѵʱ䣬ȴֹ
ҹ̣Ϣʱ䣬ô㲻Ϊ޵ֻĽһҵʱִﾩ
ȫ㣬ǰǰҪķСꡣ
ĻҶȻûκεĺôǰ˼µִﾩҶȻ˵Ҳûκ塣
ķŻѡһûжԶƸʵϺķʱȴҪԶ·̶·ߡ
ĿأȻΪҶȻǿ֮ǰʦľ磬ȴûо߱ʦеս
ķΪοǣӽ޻ԭҺ͵һֻ޷ײʼҶȻչֳױȵ
µʱҶȻһķЩԾٶȣɿسɳš
ϢսİҲӾȷؼǣﲻͣսϴҶȻѾսʱֱܵĿ־壡
˵򵥣ҪȴΪѣ
ϰߡܶʱһǿ
ڼʶҶȻʱĳɳķʵҶȻδڴ
ķԼµʱҲջķᣬΪĥҶȻķûµʱ֣к޵սҶȻɡ
ķģֻһԶҶȻָ;սгֹ⣬Լս֮ǰЩ޵ʬн٣ȡмֵĶ
֮⣬ķ·ʲôûʵϣÿʱÿ̶ŷ˲
һѨʮĿǰƺֻǽ嵱һ޴ܹ˾Ԫ˲䱬ﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ķܾãӦòֹô򵥲Ŷԡ
ֻǾʲôãʱȴö֪ΨȽеѨ˵ˡ
ھʱĿ̿ĿǰһѨѾӯһ߸ֻһɷ˲ڶ׶ε
ԴˣķʵЩͲסļ
ϵöָػĵƣָṩķؼȻ㱻ķԼһУܹһǿĸԴ
ʱƣķڽָ׷˲˽ԽԽ࣬ķ𽥵ʶ۽ָҲãǷ˲ҲգԶĴڣ
Զںܹܿз˲һ׶ķΪܣ
ܼ֮ѾȥķΣȴδ̫ࡣ
Ϊ뿪ǵǰһ죬ҹһͻϮļҵ˵ķһͨ
˵˼ɽĿѾڰֶܵĵˣΪļңڶɽǳڣҲʱܼķƵ顣
õĽǣȻɽѾŬڰне飬Щȴ·ûϳֹһ㣬Ƕ˿鲻
⼸ǲܵ飬ƫƫôеķˣɽеʶԣǺˮֱܺķʽɽΧЩ£ϱ˾ʳ֮ڡ
֮飬ﲢ֪֮ķеǰһ죬ķЩ飬ҲΪķиı󣬿ԶĶӸӡ
ķ֪һ㣬˶ʵ˿
ֻЩ飬ķûиҶȻȻʱ޷ôҶȻ֪ˣҲֻͽնѣûκʵʵ塣
ķһ߸·һ˼ŵʱǰĲԶȴǺȻ˺
ķ˼ѭȥ㿴⣬ֻèΧ֮£֧ŵ᧿Σ


249 
벢ԶָպǰеķϣķûдҶȻܿɰٶнš
Ϊĥܹ޶ȵĴﵽЧڽ޻ԭ֮ǰķҶȻԼֱ׼һǳŵ
·õ֯ԭ϶Ϊģٶ˵ȷʵˡ
ǽҵĲȫ̽˹ļҵ޷֯ô·
Ϊ⣬·൱ķǶֱ˺Ƕֳɵļ˺ķҶȻ·ܹ𵽼ѵķЧ
ǴﵽڵĲΣҪ·Ĵ˲Ĺǲܵġ
Ȼڷ֮⣬ķصģȻ·
ܾôҵӦ·ѾӰ쵽ҶȻս
սķֻнٶȳķ룬ô·ɻҶȻɼĸ
Ƿ˺ӿѾҪ֧ŲסˣķҲûκǰٶȵĴ㡣
ͨĥ·ʵҲķں֯ѧġ
ֻ֯ʹõЩص·ҪԶҶȻģصĶ࣬ȻʹõĲҲҪĶࡣ
֯оָѵĿĽֻΪܹɱϸӵӯаɱʱȻױ
ŸѵеԽԽ࣬֯𽥵ķ֣ѵɱϸӯͬʱҲܹɱǿȺͿϣõһ̶ȵ
Ǻѵķʽ㿪ʼں֯ڲģƹ㣬ÿһʽɱ֣£ѵ
ΨһźǣԽߵޣʹַʽȥѵЧҲԽķһľ飬ߺʦǽиѵõĽ׶Σһﵽϵľ磬ٽָѵЧֻ΢΢ˡ
ûһĹķҶȻʮ֮ľϡ
ʱӵѾǳΣգֻèΧ£һȻѾ˲ˣһƴı£ǻûʲô󰭡
һƷҵʦŵӣֻƷҵĳ̶ȡ
ķ˲׼ȷжϡ
ôˣȻһֻèɱˣ㻹ʲôãǶЩҪ˵ˣҾͲӦǷֿԣǷ
ֻèĹΪܾͣ󲿷ֵעʦϣɻʱʱкŵӣŵӿ൱Ǳ
̲סƿڴ
үһֵܵһӰɡֻèܶԸģٲӡǾҪˣ
ƴֵֻèʦɫ׵ĽеȻޱ裬ȴֱǿ͡
ʵϣΪڱŵүŲȰΪҲֻèΧҲΣ
µͷȴԼԱ֤Լڱŵүܹȫȥ
ǱµĴƫƫȴҪԼֲҪЩ޵áʦȻı롣
ֻèѣ㻹Ʒʦأɣһ˼壬һҪҸװӼ֮г
ŵɫѿǰľǳԣһá֮ӵҲûзʲôɵתԥıҪ
ʱ򣬺Ȼһ⴫ҪߵӶʱסʶıͷȥ㿴һ۵ĽͻȻֱӳ嵽ֻè֮У
ֻèעȫʦϣټƼ죬ͻȻĽ⣬ֻèûκܵĶ
꣡꣡꣡
ͨ
¸ɾֻèǺ޷һģֱӱֱ𶴴Դ
ĵ˵ϣ
ҶȻսɫĿǰΪͻأıʶ뵽˴͵еʦ
èһǱȴΨԴûκεôҶȻ֮ǰ͵һֻèʱķ߹ģԵǺèսҶȻȡֶԵķʽսᡣ
࡭лȣ
һ˵ʦܿعæ˵֪ʲôԭ˵Щ͡
һֱŵҲڿҶȻòʱ۷ų
ͬʱķƵߵֻèʬԣȻ˵ģʼֻèʬ塣


250 
үû°ɣ
ķֻèʬԣʼнٵʱӰѸٵԶܿһֱŵԣһӰΪеؿڵ
һƷʦһƷʦһǴﵽһƷڵĲΣ
ʵ˵ǱȽϲġ
޻ԭڣǰһĳ̶ϣֻҪȥЩȺӵޣʵѾ㹻֤İȫ
ߣôܵôԶҸղŲ֪ôֻèԸˣҲǷֻǷֿȥԣûܳҵߣҪ˵ˣǾˣҲֲˣ
ŵڿԼڸ˻˿
ڱֻèΧʱҲȷʵЩŵˣҲܻ
ߵ˷ֿȥԣԱЧʵ뷨ġ
Ȼ⣬ôȻִֻе⡣
үϢŭèȺӣÿһֻè˴ľ붼ȽԶڷڣʼèģҪѰèֻܾܵķΧ
ϻʦӵĻһʱĵͷǸæ͵
ô˼ǣҰѰèټǴˣ
ӵ۾
һ飬Ҳʦһͷٲұʲô
ʼƴӵʦͬҶȻл󣬱ֱһƨ˵ϣָĴ
ܵƼأȫǿһ֧ţΣվȥȻ޷ټ֡
ֻľٶӵȴԽĲˬ
ѵոո˺ֱߵָƵʦǰ̧һţݺݵĴʦؿϣ
磡
Ȼֻ߲εߵʦȷʵ̫أټ϶Դ˸ûκε׼һֱӽϥŵʦߵ˸ͷԭͼصƱø˼֡
ȻʾʾֱӿʼˣôǶҲڸʾ𣿡
ӵ۾е
١үʵǡ̫ءٲˡᡭġ
˸ͷʦſڵϣſ³һѪ˵Ϣ˲ήȥ϶ļ˵
ķ˸ãҲֻǰװ˷ѼԴ
ʦǷ·ֻʣһӣȴû˲κ̬ȸӶӵĳʦе
һ߽ŵͬʱ۽ǵ͵ҶȻ
һԵķȴʼڷٵĶֻèʬŽ٣ֳİ裬ȥ࿴һۡ
һɵ۶ѡ
ȻܹµΪʲôֵƢ֮󣬶ǼʦĲӦֻǺСһذˣԭȴӦǺҶȻйء
ЩԶҪ˵ǻ϶ΪɵܹԵǰܺõչֳλڲͬ
ȻǰŮҪһķǳС
ЩķûκιϵĿֻֻ꣬èʬѡ
ѸٵĽֻèʬ˸ɾķûнЩװһװãҶȻ֣׼ǰ
Ǹҵһ£
ķҶȻҪ뿪ǸոշһͨӶʱ
ô£
ķһۣʵ
ֻèȷֵģȻɱģҪи󵽲ǣֻèϽЩӦǹҵİɣ
һ˵ţһ߳ոձѵĲ»֡
˷ӦѸ٣ʱ嵽ķҶȻǰ
ʦһһңǰλϡ
㣿
ķ΢΢һ
ûȻҷֵèôèԺ󣬶ȻҪң
ֱ׳˵
ǼʱϵҪֱèצˣ㲻лǾҲͰˣȻ˺޳ܵҪǽèϵĶ£Ҳ˵ȥɣ
ķüë𽥵
ߣǲ֣ҲἰʱϵʱֻèȻڻ£ûǣʲôϵ
΢΢ͷΪ߰ļ˵ϽèЩվҲǰ˵СæķϣҲ̫Ϊǣ
ǲأ
ķЩΣյʵ
ٺ٣޻ԭطÿ춼ĪɷҲûκεãѵΪֻèϵĶȥ𣿡
һԶķҶȻı飬Ϊļ̬ҺܲˣҸעˣھԸ⽫èϵĶ£ҲŹˡŮ飬ٺ١޻ԭô죬ҿǺþûпˣ
ķ΢΢۾ƫͷͬԵҶȻ˵Ǹڹңʦ㡣
ҶȻ˶٣Żĵ˵ͷ


251 ⲫ
֣еֱɱˣŮ£
ķҶȻûҪļЦһֱӿڴе
Ȼδ£ںʦҲûκηӦʱķҶȻȴ˶
ҶȻٴγĺ⣬ֱʦ
ʦһһңվλʵô׵ľ룬ҶȻĽ£ÿһʦȴΪԼҶȻķ
Աܵģʦȫѡã
ôһãʽʦʧȥʼҶȻγɺΧȻ
Ʒʦں˼֮ȴԼǰĽȻʧһѹͽԭӭս׼Ҳһ䵽˿ճ
ͻأıƷʦʱԼϵˣ׺ݵĽ⣬Ȼֻһǹ
ƷʦҲսḻڷϵ֮ĵһʱ䣬ֱӺԥƷʦڵλóȥ
뷨ܺãȻʧȻƾϢжϵĻԷҲֻƷʦҵʵͨСֶΣһʼͬûгɹγΧ̬ƣɾôʱѣԷҲսγʲôơ
ֻҪʱ¸ϵôԷȻı£ҲִֻС
ȻƷʦת˲嵽ͬڵλúǰһĻȴ˲ڵ
ֻôʱ䣬ͬ飬ӵƷʦȻѾڶֵĽ֮£ʮСһʬ
⡭ô£
ƷʦԼ۾ʶֱס˺
Էʵͬ黹һƷŶԣ
Ϊʲôܹô̵ʱֱӽͬ֫⣿⵽ôģ
ƷʦʱǵŰ˵Ľȴٴγ֣
½У
Ʒʦʱʵ㳤ֻڿԼͬʬΪȫûж׼¼𾪣ôһɲǼ뵽ʧ״̬
ɾôһɲǼʧ񣬱ѾƷʦĵ·
ǻûн뵽޻ԭ֮ǰҶȻսֵİվԲ˵Ϭ
Ҫɱ˵ľʱҲĸɴࡣ
ȻڵҶȻȴѾȣ
۳Լ֣Ʒʦ¶ޱȾֵɫܵıҪˣҶȻȴûиκλᣡ
⻮壬ƷʦֻоһϢʹ뵽˿հ׵С
֮ǰһͷȴ⽣ÿ죡
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ôһ˿̻վԭأǰķ֮սƺǰæ
վԱߵӴʱȴѾŴͣ˷ܵıδȫɢȥֱӱıȡӵɫ쳣ĹŹ֡
ûпʲô㷢ԼʦʹӣȻѾ˱ʬ壡
ؿҶȻһ˪ӣֻһɺ˲ӽŵֱš
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252 
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һȭ䴩˶ӣǿ˲ɴ۾򶼷·Ҫۿͻһ㣬Ǹŵı顣
ʹ˵ĻЩ϶˸оԼڷٵţŻͣķϵȭʱȻսѾ޷
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벻ͨΪʲôȻҲ޷ܣ
սȻĶ̫֡ţеƣôվҽⲫƫƫҵԶҪǿĶ࣬ˡ
ķһȭ䴩ڵĸظܵڵѸٵʧκηԱҲûеһʱԼ֣ΪĵĽ͵
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ȻķĽͣǿ޷ʵﵽ˫еѾ׵İ
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սĹ˵ʵǰҲôӵʱѡ
һںʦֱķҶȻС
ڷһ͵վԭأȫû뵽龹Ȼᷢչ⸱ӡ
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ҶȻ˵ͷºѸٵĳһԶȥ
أʲô㣿
ҶȻ뿪ķŤͷ˵ʦ
ҡڳ̼ҲѾˡ̼ҵ˸ֻǰǵūûжںءԡ뿪ֻΪԼ뿪ǬɣģҲὫ﷢飬ȥ̼߳ҵġ
˵ʦѾǿķѯʣºſڵ
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һãȻӣʦԳЦЦ
ͬʱҶȻҲӲԶһͷè߸


253 ı
ҶȻٶȺܿ죬ҲǼʱ䣬Ѿֻè˸
èٶƣҶȻ·ܽٶķӳô·ǰè޷׷
èѾ˽ǰķֱߵ˵ʦԣȻסʦ죬ţҶȻ͸˹һֻסķֺ󣬴ѸٵĳԶȥ
׷ҶȻֻè΢΢£̽ű⸽Ѫζֱӱ㽫עΪ־ڵϵϡ
ȴǸѾԽԽԶҶȻˡ
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𡭡㡭Ҫ
è˫̵۾ͻȻԼĿ־弸Ҫȫɡ
һ߼ţһ˫ְŵ棬ƺҪŬè롣
ȻĶǴ̼èֻèȻ˻һűֱ֫ӳ
ֻһ˲·ֹͣһ㣬ԭߵȻèĶ֣Ҳ֧һ¡
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ӱ㿴èſѪڣھ̫èȳζݵĴصһҧĲϣ
ʱҶȻѾķʦ׵ľ֮⡣
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ķ½ҩƻأ˵󣬱ֱҶȻʦ˰֣תȥ
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ÿһ˵ĳɳԼɳлᾭ鶼ǸͬģԱÿһ˵Ը񣬶ٵĳһЩ졣ûȱģں˽ʱ򣬱Ҫܵȥǵȱ㣬޷ܣǱ㲻ҪκνԸ̫䣬ȥ˾֮Ը񣬻Կġ
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ҶȻȴֱӳĬȥ˺һĹڵҵҲΪԭı䡣֪ԼԸȱݣǿߵ·ǼįģԼԲʧȥЩеǣշȻˣԸܵġ
ķ΢΢üëЦԼ뷨ͺãҶˡ
ڵʲô
ҶȻֵʵ
ԭģĮȫǳһұҪϾǰҡֵȷʵ̫쵰Щ˵ĻпԺһȽƫĵĵ·ܽƫڶʱڿԿٵվûߵԽԶϱԽǲ۷塣ڿˣһҵĵľǶˡ
ķ˵꣬Լһƶûüҩָһ£أĻָ൱ˣڷŲûּе
һţķִӿóһöҩȻӵԼ
ָǲҩʵҲڽ϶̵ʱָ֮ǰġ
ҩٿԽʡһЩʱ䡣
ʲôû
ҶȻķһۡ
ȿȣȻǺûԼĽȻˣԺҪķķģҪԲٵĿͷˡ
ķ˵꣬ʱڳ˷̬
ɣҪıˡ
ҶȻȴûǰ֣ζ˵һ䡣
ķʱ˵


254 ޻ԭĴ˵
СʱҶȻɱȫͬޣЩ޶ֻƾűսͬ͵ܹҶȻѧȫһսʽ
Ȼûм޻ԭǰ޻ԭԻεķʽнҲûٳֱèǿͣޱת䣬ҶȻȻܹ𵽷ǳĥЧ
ǻķԱߣҶȻսʽתķķܹһʱֱӡЧĽ顣
ҶȻ˵Ȼž޴ĺô
һֱҹ̫£¹⸡֣ķҶȻͣһĿޡ
һԱߣ˻ѣ֧˼ӣȻһЩѾ׼õġϸ⣬˼ϡ
Դӽ뵽޻ԭķҶȻճʳѾЯĸ޵⡣
ȻЩλ޻ԭΧޣܵʵƣѪܹṩԪ࣬ô˵Ҳʤޡ
ĺôչҪЩͨĸõĶġ
һĵطЩ޵⣬ܹĸоĵԪڱЩ޾ͷ·ȫԪɵһ㡣ﻹֻǻԭΧѣ治֪ڻԭĺЩǿ޾ʲôӵġ
ҶȻһոտõ⣬ҧһؾ׽ºЩп˵
ȥģڡ޻ԭĺܹᲢ۵ĴڣֲεޣѾʼ߱һǻۣԶܹȵġ
ķ΢΢һЦԼҲÿľļ׿ϣ˺һ
ϵѾڷõҩȫָʱٳЩ޵⣬ǿѨԪ䣬һЩЧʡ
֮ǰ֮սѨȫԪ˸ɸɾҪӯһδͨѨȽѨȫС
ʵӽĵһ쿪ʼҾͺܺ棬޻ԭͷ·һһ㣬޻ԭķΧܹ֮ԵĸоԪŨȣҪط״̬ŨĶࡣһԭڵԪǳԾ롭ҲǻԭЩձ޵Ҫԭɣ
ҶȻһ߳һ˵ţֱץſ˺ĳԷҶȻ϶ֻ߷κĸоɳζ
ȷʵںܾǰ޻ԭʵֻһƬǳͨƽԭشѣЩҲطûκβͬʱûдǬĴڣҲĸ֣֮ǷǳԶˡ
ķ˶ٺ󣬿˵
ҶȻ⣬һЩļ䡣
Ϊ֯ɱ֣ķһȻлӴܵġ
ֻһЩܣں֯׼УΪɲ꣬Ȼ˲ǡùƬ޻ԭļأɲ֮һ
ǺΪʲô⸱ӣǰֻǺͨһƬƽԭĻôԪŨң
ķĻشҶȻ΢΢һɵøӺ
˵ֻǾ˵ںܾǰ֮ܳǿʥͽʥͽ˴֮֮һʥͽʵ΢ռţʼ׷һʥͽһֱ׷Ƭƽԭʱʥͽڱ׷ϣ㷢һ֮սʥͽʵֲ̫սӰ죬Ƭƽԭ˾޴ı仯ʵԪøŨƬƽԭĵΣҲǳֲսУ˾޴ĸı䡣սսʥͽͬھʬ壬ƬƽԭһƬҲƬƽԭԪŨĵطԽǿޣŻԽǿ󡣡
ķԼ֪ĶϸĽ˳
ЩһУķں֯ڲȫݡ
಻֮һЩǰìܵĵطеļرֻЩݣķǺҲʱҪѰҹ޻ԭ࣬ʼûκεĽչ
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ķ˵ͷٴ˺ҧһ⣬ʹس
ҶȻֳԾ뵱ոտǷ׵ʱ򣬱ֵĲҶȻö١
޻ԭһ֮СֻսನܹӰ˴һΧǡǲ˼顭Ͳܼð
ҶȻɫЩãȻܿģãȻıͱһ㽵̬ȡ
ʥͽԭǿ֮ϣԭַ˵ľķһ֮ǰԭΪⱲӣԼܹﵽڵľ磬ѾǼˡ㲻ҸȫµϣҵĿ꣬ҪΪ𡣿ڡҪΪʥͽҪͻƷ˼ޣҪȥһֻڴ˵֮еĵط
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ţʱһȥ򣬷˵ļޣȻܳΪյ㡣
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ͷһķæԼ塣
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255 ˺һ
ķãȻ֪⾿Ǹʲôʱ¶ȴû˶ֹͣ
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һ˸Ѩ·ȫһ㣬ѨԭӯŵԪķûƵ£ĴѨ֮гȻ˲俪ʼķȫ
ЩԪÿһεķҲΪʲôᷢͻȻ仯
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һֱ޵Ѫʹķڻһ޵
ʵ״̬ĻֻıաȻһ֡
ƫƫڵսķľڼеԪԪʹЩڡûü޵ҲͬѨ֮ڡ
ٴνʳ޵Ѫ⣬˼һĵ
ǿȴѾ㹻忪ķһѨ
һѨȫӯԪȫʼʮζţ˲ĵڶ׶Σɣ
Ȼҵ巢һЩ仯㲻õģǺõת䣡۽ҵϷʲô飬㶼ᣡ
ͬһԽԽȣʶʼ𽥱ģķʱڴе
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ʱķ״̬Ϊ죬ҶȻȻ׾ʲôȴҲ֪ķ⸱ӣǲҪŵĲźá
ķΪһѨԳӯĪľͽ뵽ĳΪ״̬ʱϷ׵ĸ߿֮УһӰȻƾͣ
ҹɫ֮£Ȼ¹վԶգټӰͣڿУȴû˿ԪйӰͣķڵλϷҶȻȴû˿Ĳ
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ֻʵʵЩԽܡ
ŹֵСӡԪǿȣӦֻƷߵǿȰɣΪʲôӿԪȴѾԺ;Ʒʦˣֹ̥ҲûΪʲôȻУ
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ܹ˺һľ磬ȴ޷˼޵żҪЩڼΪŵļһ֪ˣҲ֪Ǵض㵽ĳ̶ȣǱﰡ
Щĵ˫Ȼȴӿ˰֮ģҪֱӳֽиԤĳ嶯
ȴɻռϷ磬֮Уһʱǳɡ
ޱʱһ޵ϢȻ֣Ӷʱɫһ䣬ȻŤͷϢֵķ˫Ŀ΢ɲǼ㲶׽ǹϢķλ
ץˣȻҴ׷Ρ뻹ߣ
ӵϸ˷ܵɫķֱӱԺһͣ٣űͬһ㣬ٵĳǹϢֵķȥ
ķܹһĻĻжϳӣһλʥͽ
ΪֻгԽľ磬۷̥ǵżΪʥͽ֮󣬲նУ


256 ķı仯
޻ԭʮֻϢǿ޻֮Ըż׵ľ룬ɢķֲһ޴ġֱϰ׿ȵΧ
¹֮£ÿһֻ޶ڵϣ΢΢ŵ壬ʾǴʱȫڼȵľ֮С
ЩһֻܹһƷһϸ£
ǿޣԺ۷εȣ
Ƿƽʱκһֻޣ޻ԭаһĴڣҲԲ㣬ľۼһ
ÿһֻ޶иڻԭСԼĵ̣ƽʱʱЩԭԼĵյĹǼ򵥵ȥַĵ̣ͬҲ뿪Ƭԭ뵽Ǭ֮ڡ
Ϊֻлԭ֮еԪŨȣܹѾϰ˵󣬾ǲķޱȻԾԪ£ӵм츳ɻȻȻĲϱǿ
Իԭ֮Щޣȫӵŷǳеʶ
ڣЩԭǣȴʷǰȫڻԭ޴ӵıԵ
ӵײվͲӣ
ҪͨյЩ޵ľѪԱܹڶʱʱԼʵΪͿӮ档
еһλЦһ˵
Ƿڰ֮У۲ķӡ
ߣô֪ĶԼʮ㣬ȫֶΣΪʲôҪôĸЩ޾Ѫʱ䶼ң
һҧҧϹһ˿ʵɫ
Ϊ̫Ҫɱ㣡һһʱ䶼޷ȴ㣬ǼλֵܣҪһһġְɱ⣡
۲ķһ޵˵
ΣҲǳһʱʧ죬˵ܶγɸϵƣǼλֵܣһóҪǿǣ⣬ʲô
ڻǵĶ֣ԺأҵʵٶȣԶǵġһ֮ǰһĶ֣ɽһ֮ҵʱֻӡɣһһҵ
Ҫɱҡûôף
֮ĶԻȻֹΪһֱڱ׷״̬ڻոµͬʱһϢ㲻κڵȫ˳
Ϣ֮ͣ˳ֱϣ·ܹһ㣡ǿҵļﵽۿɼ̬ƣ
ţ֮ǰ۲ķҲͬԼֲϢͷ˳
ȻӵϢҪʢһ
Ϣһ𣬴֮ӿЩΧǣĸ
һЩѾʼִСʧ״
һʹŴԴҪԼͷֱǰصһ㣡

ķ˺һ״̬ûг̫õʱ䣬˺һ״̬ķҲûκʶڵģԶķ˵־·ֻһ˲֮䣬ոʧȥʶ»ָѣ
ԼϾı仯ֻڻָ֮ķоѾ֮ǰȫͬ
ƽĵͷ˿Լ˫֣Ȼգķı۾˿
оԼ·ΧһУܹйͨһ㣡
ǽµԵĺΧĻݣǿ޴ڵԪƺܹܵĳɶ
ĸ֪ޱ
㡭ûˣ
һֱԱߵҶȻʵ
ķ˫۵ɲǣ־״̬б˹
Ϊ֣ôһĹķĸоѾȫͬ
ʲôطͬһʱҲ˵ֻǴŵܹһЩȽģжϡ
Ǳǣ뵽ʧ״̬֮ǰķڵķԪǿƺûжʵϵΣճ̶ȣȴȫ֮ǰķͬնģ
ҶȻ֪ԼΪʲôĸоһҪһ͵Ļֻ˵ֱ
ţҵϷһЩ仯񷽲˵ģǺõñ仯㵣ˡѾǰƷߣҲѾ㹻ο룬ȶһľ磬Ȼ۵òͻƳΪʦ󣬽ľͻǳˡҪͣܿͻᱻҳġ
ķְԼؿϣȵ΢Цſ˵
𣿿ɱСңɡľĳңҾͿǿǡһķչԡ
ҶȻϣе¶һ˿΢ߵĺΡ
ķ΢΢һЦǸջ飬Ҷ̲סҪΪȥѹ뷨ˡ
˵һĿ顣
ҶȻͬЦݣȻ֣ڵķվһоޱȵ
ţ
ķͬҶȻЦʱ򣬺ȻͷһȻŤͷ޻ԭķȥ
ôˣ
ҶȻʵ
ޱǿϢ
ķ΢΢üͷ


257 Խ׵ĶԾ
ޱǿϢ
ҶȻ˳ķŵķȥҹɫ֮У޻ԭһƬţ޾ĺڰ֮⣬ҶȻûпκĶ
Ȼ޻ԭҲҹޣڴû˵޵൱ϡ٣һ϶ͽСʵϵ͵ģƽʱǳʳҲǳĽ
ҹɫ֮µ޻ԭԶûаǰ֡
ʲôûио
ķķãȴʼʲôûзֵҶȻ̲ס˵
ҵ巢һЩ仯Ϣĸ֪֮ǰࡣҪһȽϺӵĻЩԪûŵˣԭ޷жϳǵʵεġڣԪûţɿĸ֪Ŀǿһϲִ󡣡
ķ˫һգգضڵԶ·һƬ֮УһֻޱȲбľһ㡣
ԪûţҲܹ֪Ŀǿô棿
ҶȻԼ챻𾪵ĴƺЩࡣ
ûԶϢӦڽмҵսǵս̫񱩣Զľ룬Ҳ޷ǵĴڵġ
ķ˵ͷ˵ȻԶ
ԶϢ񲻾ǡ˵֮еʥͽ˵ʥͽֻΪʲôڴǬĽ֮лʥͽ
ҶȻֻԼĴԽԽҡ
ҲпʥͽǴܳģΪʲô޻ԭĴսͲö֪ˡ̫ǿڵʵֻǿһЩսನɨУɣ̫ǿˡ
ķ˵һжϡ
ϢԲͨʥͽô򵥣
ΪһͨɱֶΣͬھʥͽûϢôǿ
໹ԲС
ǿߡѾﵽһ˱һĳ̶ˣΪʲô޻ԭ
һ߸Ϣı仯ķһڲͣ˼š
ֻǿοͷϢʵ̫٣ԸܵóĽۡ
ǡҪҪ뿪
ķһɫصӣҶȻ˵
ãԷڵĵطƬԭλãǵսص㷢ƫƣôڻԭκεطʵͬĸʡҼȻǽս򣬷˻û˻ȥĻԭģôҲܻתƵĵطǾԭϢһ°ɣĵĲ٣Ϊ˱֤״̬ܵϢòС
ķҡҡͷջԼĿ⣬ֱԭϥ
˺һȫ¸ı䣬ķʱЩӦԶȥӦϢȻûкķѶõʱ䣬ȴѾķоƣ롣
״̬
ķҪһ£Լ御Ӧָı䡣
ķ˵ϣֱӽ뵽붨״̬УҶȻΪɻٴγķŵǸȥ
ҡҡͷȻߵķԣķ˵ϡ

û뵽Щ޾Ѫ֮ʵȻܹô࣬Ρʧˡ
۲ķЩѵĿŶ˵
˴ʱһ˵ģʱпҪ֧Ųסһ㡣
޻ԭǸֱﵽ׵ӴʱѾȫʧ
ΧĵΣһҹĴս˾޴ı仯
ԭƽ̹ԭҰȴĿ꣬ССֱﵽ׵ĿӶķΧڲ
ЩǿǣʱȴһΪɢƬ
ȫ͸֧һ㡣
ϧվûҶٻᣬֻܳȡǵһ־ѪѣܹǵȫѪȡյĻҾܹɱ㣡
׷һʵɫ˵
˵ͬʱžҵشϢ
ٺ٣ӦþÿϧҰɣһȫɱġڿҪһˡһļ˰ڿȵǿʱǽи𣬲ȷ
۲ķӺȻ˵
棬ΪֻҶʱսؼ˶ֻƽʱֳսǵʵĻֻ˵̫ˣ
׷ӾѾ;ƿݵĵزʱ˵ʱ¶ɫ
ǼҵشϢӵǰѾһƬģȻҡҡ׹ȴȻ˵һ䣺Ȼ˵ЩҲûˡҲһһڡƬԭϡ
ǿ仰˵꣬ӵ޷֧ŵĵ˵ϣͬʱû˿Ϣ
۲ķǿЦҡҡͷȻԼΪ֮ǰսõ¿ֱ˺ִϴŵĿռóһȫµ¿ԼϣŻ
ҪҲôǱܵĸɸɾǡϧˡûа취𡭡ܵѾȫȻڵ࡭Ҳ֧һɣʱ䣬򶼻زȥˡҪʲôأ
ĦԼ°ͣһԺȴǺȻǸ˺һ֮Ӱ
Ħ°͵Ķʱסգգ۾ɫʼЩŹ
ˡ͵֮ǰһ°ɣĿţôҪڽֹڷ˵ĲϣҲʵ̫ϧЩ
촽ԼĿռһöҩӵ
ºԭήҵϢȻ¸ӱշ𣬳ķڵǸȥ
ֻͻȻϢ˸оЩ鸡


258 ҽ
΢ĳߵľͷ޻ԭϿգɢԭ·Ѿĺڰ
ոմӵƽӵ̫ʱƺЩ⣬ϽԼȫò¶֮䣬̱ðġԼȵĹâԸչ֣ӣֻɢٺɫ
ûôȴ˼־׵ᡣ
̫λȫԡʱɸʵڳȥҹģһŵԽԽչУʧ·ʩħһ㣬㱼Ѿ޺ۼ
޻ԭ峿ҲǬ峿
಻츳羳ֲһϡ
ͬ๫ƽͬһƬ£ͬҹͬڼгڼгɳڼȥڼ
ǵĿܹ˵ʹ࣬ǺٽĿͣԼҸһԾͬÿһ˵ȴʼͬȫͬ硣
˱̫ŴȴԼ̫ĥѣܺıܣϰȥԹ޷͹۵ȥһС
ֱһ죬Ŀΰ󣬲Żףԭ뷨ǶôɿЦ
ڣһͨ峿޻ԭڳ˯ѣǬҲչܶ˻ڳ˯Ŵǵůʡ
һЩˣȴѾھҪѡ񡪡滹
ǵĵطÿʱÿ̶ڷųǧȫͬ顣
Щ飬ǳǧȫͬ˵Щȫκ壬ǶЩǵһС
⳿֮УķԼ˫ۣԺǻص˵Щݡ
֪ԼΪʲôͻȻ˼Щֻ֪ЩͷԺвϵĻ·ţ⣬ࡣ
ӦҲǶΧϢ֪ޱ󣬲һЩãֻĿǰĸǺǻ
ˡ
ķո˫ۣһԵҶȻ㿪˵
ôû˯𣿡
ķҶȻһۣҶȻľ״̬ƺǺܺãԵЩƣ롣
ֻ˯ıȽѣ⡢붨һ㣬ҲΧǷ񻹱㹻ľ裬վ޻ԭұû˯̫
ҶȻ򵥵Ľһ䡣
ûϢĸ֪쳣ҲҪԼʱ־ѵ״̬֮УΪҵĸ֪Χڣ쳣֣ǲĽ̽飬ἰʱֵġ
ķԴǸ˵
ԭˣԺϵľ䶼ɣҾܹõϢˡ
ҶȻ˵
ķҪ΢ЦŵͷӦȴͻȻɫ䣡
ΪоһɿֲϢѸٽӽ
ܵģķҪҶȻܿϢĶû֪Ϣ뷨
Ϣӻԭ֪Ϣеһ
ҪǣϢٶʵ̫죬ķ˲жϳҶȻߣҲӳԶľ룬ͻᱻǹϢ׷ϡ
Ȼûκ壬Ա㲻Щͽ͵ľٶ
ôˣ
ܵķı仯ҶȻֵʵ
˵ڻԭԶεϢڽмҵĽսڡһϢԼٶȳǶ
ķǿЦЦ˵
ҶȻͷһʶʵʲôһϢأ
֪ʲôһϢѾоˡ뿪ˡˣ
ķո˵꣬ߵļԶڰ֮бһڵ㡣
ڵٶȿþˣɲǼѾڴСܹķĿһˣ
ʱ䣬Ӱͳ嵽ķҶȻͷϷڰһͣγɵĳƾȻһǿ磬ķҶȻϴŵ·죡
ķ̧ͷ΢΢۾ͣڰ֮еߣǲû׼ӭսľٶ
˫ʵ蹵ԷֻҪһ񣬾ͿԽҶȻأӭս׼ûκ塣
ķҶȻ̧ܵͷŰ˵ͬʱеǸҲһĵͷ۲ķ
Էͱ鵹ķԭġԵ·Щ
ٿԷƺûж⡣
ǶԷͣڰ֮кһֲϢڣķĸо൱ƽ͡
ķ²ŶԷʱ򣬰еȴǺȻ˿ڡ
ãҽ


259 

Щķ֮⡣
ϼȻֻҼ㣬ȴûмҡ
شӰ£ķǰһҵľϣϴº͵Цݣһ˵ţһϸشķ
ϣ
ķüͷԺȴȫ޶ӡ
ʱ˺һ״̬УԲڿѾ˺һ״̬˹ֻҺܺ棬о
˵ţѾǰһͬʱ֣ʳָصķϡ
Դֺ󣬱ʼһվһԵҶȻڿⷬʶıĳ
ţûж⡣
ķæֹҶȻĶ˫ȴǶǰ˵
ûûж⡣ʵϣжĻ˵ʵҲֹҡ
ŤͷҶȻΪ˵
ķǸоԼϣָӴĲλһ˵ʲôϢ
ϢٶѸαķȫķֱɢ
ţУ
ԭһֱЦݵȴϢķɢ˲ɫ
ʶĳ֣ϸޱȾ㵵ı顣
Уʲô
ķͷһ֪λͻȻֵʥͽ˵ġСȻԼı仯λʥͽ˼ܹ֪֮ƺרŵ˵
ȻˣҲζŶԷ˽⣬ǶԷԸһЩʽнĻɻмĺô
ͻȻ䲻֪ô˵ˣҲʵ̫˰ɣߵĲϾͽ뵽˺һľ磬ͨ˺һ򵽵ǡСʷУܹӵˣҲǷëǰɣ
ûлشķ⣬ɫӵؿķ˵
Ȼ򡣡
ĸпķȷԼ֮ǰжϡ
ûҲԵܹ뵽˺һľ磬һ򡮾С֤Ӧд˵ˡֻǺܿϧ䣬ľʵ̫ͣĳɾޣʵǲ뿴һжѵһţȴֹڷ˼޵ĳ̶ȣṩһЩ
һ˵ţȻٴֵķϣȻ󽫷̽һ顣
ȷʵǡСҵĲ̽⡭Ǻ˵СӰ
ָ꣬пһջ֡
һֱ˵ġСʲô
ķһ顣
һ͵ģҶ̲סʡ
ҡҡͷɫһ⣬Ϊ˵ţҵʱ䲻ˣԽĻֻ˵һ顣κʣҲҪҡҲ͵ĶҲûãԺԼȥѰҴҲˡһЩ⣬ǰ֪̫࣬㲢ûкô
ǲαɫķȻ֣ȴվסûжʡ
֪ڷԼϵı仯ǳ֣Ҫǣõģн˺һˣᷢһЩı仯ԣܹ˺һˣ֮ӣ˺һľ磬ÿһһУҲֻܹһΡû˵ĳ˽˺һǰһģˡڽ˺һķһʶҪ˵ĻԵ
Ҳûн˺һľ磬˶־˽⣬ȫ˵Ľ֪˺һľ磬ζĳһʱĺ磬صĹӶϢΪһ塣
״̬£˺һ˱ǲκʶģΪϢ̫ӴǸ̫СǴﵽʥͽľ磬ǵϢڻһҲԵ쳣΢ԳұıܣʶҲᱻʱ
ķʶĵ˵ͷ
֪ԼϷһЩ仯Ƕ仯Ḷ́ȴͬ˵ûκεļ䡣
ԣںʶ£ÿһ˺һں󣬻õĺôȻҲͲ۵ȥգֻԵֻڤڤ֮е⣡
ָָԼͷϵա
⣿
ķ̲סظһ顣
û⣡Ȼûн˺һľ磬֮УȴҺͼλ˺һǿ۹Ҵŵܹ֪һЩǴ˺һľлָѺ󣬶ȫµ֪
΢΢һЦȻصʵľѵ㲻ã硭ʵǻ𣿡


260 
ǻģ
ķȻһͬʱɴ۾ǰ
˵ЩˣķӦұ֪ҲָоġֻǸо̫ģ㲢ûüȥ롣ˣȵ⣬˵һνġС
ķõɫ½һ㣬֪Լһʱûס˵ԹЩæת˻⡣
롭Ҵ㷽˵ģǰ֪̫࣬Ҳûкô˵ʲô˼ˡ
ķ˿˵
׾ͺãӴĲûдﵽһĸ߶ȣðȻ֪˸߶֮ϵĶױĳ־Ȼĳɳûκκô
Щͷİ˰֣˵֮Щһͺã÷ϡ˵Сɡ֪ÿһ˺һˣ˺һľ֮󣬶ٵĵõһЩôЩôҲΪŵȣе֡СΪһ
ӡ
һֱվԱߵҶȻȻ廰
Ůɲô򵥣СĺôҲ֪ǧ֮ǰʱǿߣӵеǡС
ƲҶȻһۣü˵˵ֻдﵽʥͽ֮󣬷пΪĸ˺һ֮ȻŻӵЩһֻһ߰ˣǰ˳ȫˣ
˵ʲô
˵仰ʱʵ̫Сķû
ˣûʲôⲻҪҪĿġ
˻Դȥͷ۵⣬ǿķ˵֪֮Уܹ˺һľ磬ʷһһˣʵǲ̿ţԺ󽥽Ȼˡȫܺȣ֮㣬Ҫ㽲һЩ򵽵Ķҵʱ䲻࣬Ϳʼɡ
򵽵Ķ
ķ΢΢һ˵˴ĿģӦ÷ǣƫƫ˵ݡʵЩ޷⡣
ûûɣһڽʱ򵽵һУ̸㣬ܹѧ٣ǾҪԼıˡλȻǸһģҲڱɣλûн˺һľ磬ҵĸǿĲܶࡣ
˵ֱ꣬ӻ˻֡
һǿԪָӿ֣ͬһ㣬˲˵Χγ͸ԪΧǽ
ԪΧǽ˵ܺͷϷУԱⱻһЩ޴ţͬʱҲԳ׵ĽΧǽڵĿռΧǽĿռ
㿪ʼԼĽ
һһʱ䣡
ķʵûԼҶȻ޻ԭ󣬾Ȼ˷˼飡
һλԶͨʥͽҪǿĴڣޱ͸
ȥԻĴеκһ޶Ϊ֮
ǶҰĵˣֵܵסջ
Ļᣬζ޷ˡ
һֱϦ£ԼһĽķɸоЩ㱣ֻ㱲ΪĲ棬ʵϣʮСʱʱķֵһСȴŴɱʥͽʱ򣬻Ҫӵרע
˵ÿһ仰ÿһʡÿһ֣ķļԺУ
ΪЩһͨʥͽҪǿǿߣʵ⣡
ޱľȻķԼһû
ķЩ㱣Ϊ־󣬲Żķֲʵĸо
ҶȻھһ󣬱ֵĶûķ϶١
飬ϵڱҲûʲôˡ
ˣʱ̫̣޷ϸĸ㽲룬Ȼܹ˺һľ磬ôȻǳġϣҵЩܹ㹻İڽԳɹĿ˼޵ż
ΧѾһƬƣյͼҪ׵ʧϣ˿Ϊο˵
Լ;ģԤлҪһЩԴʱ൱ƣԭǿ󵽿ƿֲϢʱҲࡣ
ķȻЩı仯ƽ˸ɻ
ˣ⼸СʱҲˣһֱŸǽЩʱ䲻ûü֪ǵء
ڵѸٵʧϵûʲôȻɫΪЦ˵
ҽķҵδޣҶȻ
ķ˵


261 ⣬а
һЩݣʵķǳķǳЩԺĳɳҲޱȻĴٽã
ʵƱػЩĸԽԽ
˵֮ǰķͻƷ˼ޣﵽʥͽ֮ʵûʲôͷĻôڵķѾܹһǳˣ
һġͨʥͽĵ·һԶӹصĲƸ
˵һĽܹķҶȻĺô޿ɹģ
ķϵı龡ûʲô仯ȴǳ˸м
ǲ֪ʲôԭṩְʱ򣬿ȫӡ
ķʵ벻ס
ķҶȻٺ٣Ҿϲˣгг徢Ϊ֪η壬Ȼ类һЩϼһѳ֣վҪЩȡġֻǿϧܹȡϼһǵʱҲѾϼһˡ뷨ʧȥе𽥵رĺǰϼһҲûʲôͬϸ롭Ȥء
뵽ԼĸпУ˵һķҶȻûôĻ
ͿҲҴ˶٣ôһӣ
ķЦſڴȤһ䡣
ȻԷһλԶͨʥͽǿĴڣȴûκǿ߸еָ߰ƢȻǺˬķĶθڡ
˶٣ٺ٣Ҫ֪ҵʵ䣬Ͳô˵ˡ㣬ںֻжʮӣʵҽѾʮˡ
ٺһЦΪ˵

ķҶȻͬʱ¶˳Ծı顣
ûʲôþȵģֻҪܹͻƷ˼ޣﵽʥͽ֮Լӻ˥ϵٶȣԺͻˣνѡ
ҡҡͷоԽƺôվŶѾЩˣԸɴһƨ˵ϡ
ʲô״ϸռʱһֱǿʱ䲻ˣô£
ڡСԵʣĸо仯ķüʵ
ûʲô˵⣬Ի˶ѡ
˵ǲΪӣͷ·ֻǼСһ㡣
ʲô
ķʱɴ۾һ̤ǰԣȻָؿڡ
ҶȻҲüͷһ
ιСûռұ˰Ӷ˿ûȤ
һҲûֹķ̽飬ֻǿķԽԽɫҿʼκαĽԪԼкٴκٺЦ
ˣ˷ˣԪ춼ҺԼ״ԲܾȵĻˡ֮ǰԼڸǣҲûһˡ
ѵķԼؿϵ֡
ô̼ĹķѾԼԪ˲һ뵽ڡ
ɾ˵ģЩԪû𶡵˻˿ûֹϢ˥ˡ
ۿ׾Ȼʼĸֳ̬ķԼֻ֣Ƕµûš
ιι¶ǵӰɣǲŸʶһ찡ĸʶ˼ʮƵģþҽ̸ЩֻǰԼĺۼˡ
ķѿɫ˸ۣճڣʶʲôָæҶȻ˵ȿȣ󣬡ǡʿɲ㣬ҶŮ˻Ƿǳصġ
ֻ⸱ŵӣҶȻʵЩЦá
ѾҪˡôֵܱôûûΣ
ûбķܾ𣿡
ֻôһʱ䣬ͷϾͿʼְ׷ķȻ֪ûʲô壬̲סʵ
ӦаɣҲûһ˵ҲաҴŵֻҵռŵĶҲıֻǿϧվȥġֻ͹ˡҽûдﵽʥͽľ֮ǰҪȥֻﶼʲôҲҪʹֻκζΪĶʵ̫ǰӰ쵽֮ģҲ׸һЩ޷жôǿĵˡ
̧̧֣ԼϴŵǸֻķ˿
ķȴûͣǸֻϣֻٴʵʲô˵˵һа취أҲǶҩģˮ׼൱
ôа취
ҡҡͷȻķϵı쳣ֻ֣ü˵ˣҲûʲôڵ״˵ЩֻкŽײεĵҩˣЩͭڰĵҩҲûа취ġ
ַֻ֪ܾҡһءҵһҩ񣬴һöϼ굤ڶ̷ֱ֣ǳɳǳɳǿ޸ˡأҶ໹ܻһСʱʱ䣬Եһַʽ϶ˣڵڶǳɳޱȵĺǲУԣˡ
˵Щʼ磬ٿοķ䣬㿴ķϵıȻޱȵĹ졣
ôˣ
ʵ
ķͷһЦǳɳ⡭һС


262 
ķĻش¡
ŤͷҶȻ˵ǲвóҩ˰ɣ
вǳɳУⶫܰκ𣿡
ķ˸ۣû˵
ǳɳ֮ƽ𼶵ϼ굤Ҫ߳һȻܹκƵġǳɳϡ٣֮Уϡ֮䣬Ȼܳⶫ϶ǰʲôϳǳɳ˰ɣ԰ǳɳɶ𣿸£
أ˵ţɸո˵һ룬ͻأȻֹͬʱҲĿı顣
ΪķѾԼĿڣóǳɳУڵǰ
˸ǰɣ
ԭѾϢֻڵϵҲ֪һӱӵֱֻץסķƣ۾ضķĵǳɳ
ǳɳϴеԪĺļ
ֱ޷Լ۾
ôǳɳɣûϴɡ
ķ΢Ц˵
ķӦڱʱͻȻ־ĵݣκ˶п˶ʧء
ʱֵĶôݣͻȻֵϣʱҲ޶ԡ
ֳ棬κһӵеġǿҵıܡ
ޱȵһһվԶͨʥͽǿߣֻ֮ʣܹõҲԲڵķҶȻֵܹġ
ֻޱ𾪵ץסԼ֣ȴûκҪֱ˼ķ׵ķ
ȻǳɳļֵҲֶһ˵֪Ŀӡ
һκȡĶҶȻڣΪԼǿռĶҪֱ
ԷƼˮ£ܹĸ裬ķԼһҪʲôС
ڵ֪ǳɳܹúķԥı˳
ܶʱ˺֮ԻΣĪ
ǳɳǳɳôܡôӵǳɳҲΰɡ
ץķ֣˵Ѿ̲ס˿ĭȻ̧ͷһ˼ı鿴ķ˵ǳɳҰɣֻڲûֵܺĶ
û˵꣬ķֱӷƣǳɳŵϣȻ΢΢ʱٴδӿóһЩǳɳҽЩǳɳҲһԵĶС
ͨϢĸ֪ķжϳǳɳ̺ԽƸóЩǳɳȫָѵ״̬ˡ
Щǳɳķ֮ǰŶҵĵڳЩǳɳУһ
ʥϡôôôࣿ⡭ǳɳֲ·ߵʯͷ
ĿĿԼ˫ϡķһǳɳԶȻܵҵĳһʱ뵽ȫſյ״̬С
пˣ㻹ûϽ˰ɣЩǳɳһ׵ıκһСתᳬܹܵļޣȴܹܵô࣬ǹ
ķΪĽ˵
ȴȫȻûķ˵Щʲôһǳɳ˫΢΢ţƺԼſơ
ôˣϽ԰Щ㹻ָȫˡ
ʼûнǳɳ£ķΪֵ˵
СҸ㽲Լĸ򣬱ͲΪܹõرֻȫóҲЩǳɳֵİٷ֮һҿԻȡһţԱ֤Ҳ̾ô࡭һ𣡡
ҧҧǱΪʹĽ˫ŵǳɳݻķǰ
ķһȻؿ·ŵԼǰ˫֣һСҵκǳɳƵչ£ԡ
ĵģȴķʱ顣
һΪɱ֣ķ䡢ͬչֳȫͬĳס
дֲ
ǰֻЦѳΪ̬ݶĵһ棬ÿÿչķǰķĳһʱĶ˶ܵӰ죬ޱ
ڣķȴĿ˻߹ʱ̡
ô˵ء
˿ǳɳķûȥӣǿ΢Ц˵ƢҾúͶԵȻô˵ЩͻȻȷʵ뽻ѡԣҲԸѵĻ͸ɴһ㣬ղ˵ģһ
˿еǳɳ̧ͷ˿ķɫһͣı任󣬺Ȼһɣƺͨʲôͬ˵һջ񣬻ǽôѣġл־Ͳ˵ˣҶˡ
˵꣬һеǳɳȫӵԼ


263 ǳɳֲЧ
̫أԭѾ֮ʣԾ̷ֱ㹻ǳɳȴҲҪʱȥǳɳ޸ԼѾܵ˵塣
̷ǳɳֱϥ˵ϣͬʱ˫ۣȫûж䱸Ľȫע˶Ļָϡ
ķҶȻǾңڻָĹܵκĴš
̫׵ʧ˵ƽϣѾߵҲŻչɢ¶ǺߴӵӰʱҲԼ˫ۡ
˳ȴǹ𾪵ı飬ͷ˿Լ˫֡
˫һգһ
͵Ϣ˲ӿ·˵̵ĺˮһ㣬Ϊģܷк
վԵķҶȻȴ˿ûܵϢӰ죬ЩϢھ˵ʱҲĴ˵廬
ˣɸܵϢǿ
ҶȻһЩֻܹоϢǿĳ󣬵ȴûһĸ
ķȴжϳʱϢҹڻԭʱ򣬻Ҫǿ
·ԭϢı¶һ㣬ķ֪˸һЩܹ֪ޣɿֲϢĳ֣Ȼֱӱڵ
ǡ棡κȫƣȻҵʵӾһܹоõò˶ãҵܹٴһİգ͸ˣ
ԼϢϲɵøޱȾϲɫ
Ȼ֪ǳɳĴڣǳɳ̫ϡٵԵʣԾܹϵĳǳɳȴҲһ̷
ʵû뵽ǳɳЧȻȴ֮еģҪӿţ
Ȼ㾭ʲô˵Ǽ¡
ķ΢Ц˵
ȻǺ£κ˵Ǻ£ֵܣ΢һȣȥץܳԵĶҵĿռﻹ˲ƣǽҪһ
˷ܵĴЦ˼˵󣬱ֱնȻٶĳŻԭȥ
ǵ˼Ǳ֮ǰǿжǿ
ߵӰҶȻĿʵ
Ҳ˵ʥͽ֪֮Ĳࡣ
ķʼ硣
Ķܿ죬ǰҲǼӵĹ򣬱Ѿһֻ˶޷˻
ţСͷǣȴ׳˶֫ϼԣֻۣܹµóһּٶȺޡ
Ȼǿǣڳ󣬻϶ӵвͬεһЩرǿģܹﵽƷҵˮ׼һڻԭٶҲõ˲С
ͷǵʬӵ˵ϣͬʱķ˵
ûٶҪϵ֮ϲҵǲ֪ʲôֻǿͻԣȫԳ䵱Ŀץˡ
ԼϵĻңЦǺǵ˵ʹⶫʬˣʶʶĿ⼼֤һǳԵͷ
˵ֱ꣬ӽͷǵʬ忪ƶǣȻЩ
ķ´һ򵥵ĿܣҶȻվһԣȤĿæµ
ֵܣȻѣЩҲͲҴˡ
һߴſǵʬ壬һ߿ڵ
ţ˵ʲô
ķֵʵ
㷽ŸǳɳӣЩǳɳӦûСҲ֪㻹ж٣ҲûȤ֪һҪסԺκ飬ҲκˣҪٽǳɳ鱩¶˶Ϊ֮ĶһϢй˵һѡ
ܿĴ˿ǵʬ壬ŤͷѾܴõķ쳣˵ԶҪνԣңڿһǳɳʱ򣬶̲סĶˡ֮ǳɳ飬Ҫõĸ֪ˡ
Դ޵˼˵ĺ㻹Ǹһ
ķüë˵
ǵҲڣƷǳġֵܣϸԿ䣬һЩطϸҵƷǾһƣҵЩˣҵƷҲ޻˵
һ˵
ˣϽչʾտɰɣǳɳ⣬㲻õģ֪صġ
ķͬĻش
ķǸӣŷִԼֻó˼̳ҾƣȻ²ĿʼԼտ


264 ҹ
տϣû˵󻰡
ŸϵӣֻǱտϣѾʼɢ˴εζ
ĿռоȻЯŴƺֵζƷʵķ۾
ȻӦһصصĳԻ
ֵܡãȾһ̳ΪʥΪľƣôһ̳ʥȵһƷͭļ۸񣬳Ϊʥͽ֮󣬺Ʊֻڸ֮ǻûдﵽʥͽľ磬ôƣԸȥĺôֻһҲʹ˶ʮ̳ѣϣǾͰȫ
ǿĲԺһһֱӽǵֻǰ˺ֱݸķҶȻűһ̳ҾƣЦ˵
ȫ
ķǰ˵Ҳʮҵľ̳һʱֻѹɽ
ȴǸûķɫѾž̳ʼЩҺԼﵹ
ôһ̳Ӿƣ©һĽûںκεͣǰܹҲǲӵʱ䣬Ȼͱ˸һɶ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ķеľ̳Щ
Ȼ黹ں档
Ů˵ľͲˣһ̳ƣҾ˼˼ϼڰɣʣ಻ҵδҺˡ
ոսվַ̳һԣҶȻ̳˵
Ϊʲôô벻δ򣡷ˣ
ķʱŤͷҶȻ
һˣôôϲŮӼƽϡ
ҶȻޱ˵꣬ž̳ͷһڡ
һȥ˵ҲһԺ¾̳ҶȻɫ΢΢˵ĺΡ
ȿȣֵܣǵļ£ϸҾͲ廰ˡǵֻΪˡʥôĻҲȷʵҪ̫࣬ȵĶģ϶Ϊ˿ڸ֮ѡ
ķһߵı飬ǿЦ⣬˵
в廰ΪŰ
ķ
ű㳤ҧгݵĶ˾̳۾һգſ;ͳź˽ȥ
֮ģƾȻ˿ҲЩ൱ˬڡ
žҺ˶ķʱоһŨŨů⣬˲ӿ֫ٺ
ůͶûκιϵȫھҺܹṩġ
˵ʥȻߵܹ𵽷ǳã
ͬǰ㣬һ̳ӵġʥ˳ź˶ںķֽ̳ӵԱߵĵϣ˲Ĵ˸ú˳˵ڶ̳ӡ
ͺȵһ̳ʱһûκͣٵģڶ̳Ҳ˸ɾ
ڶվ̳ͬӵ˵Ϻķ̲ס΢΢˻ӡ
òվȣһƨ˵ϣͬʱݺݵĴŵĿǰϣ˺ҧһ⡣
ȻԤϵƵĶߣھҺ̺Ķ൱ӴԲǶ⣬ҺգҲһ޴ĳ
˾ֻǸո̳Ӿ¶ǣķѾѣεĸо
ĸо⣡
ںЩͨνƣȫֲͬĸо
ƺҲûԤϵķȻȵ˺ķ̳Ӿƾôȸɣ£ŴЦҲͬķһ̧˵ڶ̳ƣѸٵĺ˸ɸɾ
ˬ죡Ҳ˻ôȡʥŹ𣡡
һߴЦţһߴӿŵĿϣ˺һ⡣
˺ͬʱȴǸպÿԼֻһʱ䶯Ӳ£Ͼ͸εı顣
ȿȡֵܣϸ֮ǰ̫˷ܣǰˡǸ˵ҪˣֻĶֵˡû뵽ҲûǱǰǿЩֻĶȷʵҷǳҪҪнĸʵٲֻЩԡԡ
˵ͬʱȥֱķ󣬸ǲ֪ھҺáĸвԵʣһƬͨ졣
֮ǰҽʱ򣬲ҪõʲôһҾ㣬ҲΪ˴ϵõʲôǱ˴˴ĿģҲɲѡԣ㲻ø˵Щͦ𣿡
ķۣЩ졣
ٴһصĺֱ˵̳ƣķһȻѹԼĵԾЩ˵ֵܣϸҽˣ̳ƣϸ
ķЦЦȴҲûһ̳Ҳһ̳Ӿƣһ£Ȼһ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪ǾҺϵԵʣǱʲôԭһ̯Ӿƺ꣬۽ϣЩʪ
һԵҶȻǰԼſ⣬ʱʱһڡʥͬһѾƵˮһţϵıȴǳûƽʱ䡣
ơԶ֮䣬򵥡ֱӵĽʽ
ѩһޣ


265 
޻ԭӭµһ죬İĴٴů֮ʱķŷԼ˫ۡ
Щķоʹ϶
ôȫɵڵϣϣůĵΪ
ˣ֮ǰǸӣһΪҪôȥء
ķԷſյʱҶȻȻӶߴ
ʶĴ˸飬ķæӵȻͷԱ߳Ŷ
һζı飬ķɫ΢졣
ȿȣ˯˶ã
ͷķŤͷҶȻʵ
Լῴ̫Ѿˣ˵˯˶á
ҶȻޱ˵
ȵЩ࣬û뵽
ķЦ˵
ȵֹǶ࣬óеľƣһ̳ҶȻһ߳ŶһƵĺ˶⣬ȫƽ֡
ÿһ˶ʮ̳ȻѾﵽʥͽ֮ϵľ磬ţ˾ƣοķʦûﵽĲˡ
ȻͬƣȻѵҪķöࡣ
ҲǺþöûʹˡֵ廹ҳԾʦľ磬ȻͿԳܵסôġʥֵҲвٵܰ
һԳԶʳ˿к󣬳ЦǺǵ˵
ֻ߲Ҫܺνĵ֤ԼİȫУܣʵҸϲԼܹӵ
ķһۺʼ˵
ûֻԼܹյʵʵĶֵܣҵҲѾȫָˣﻹҪȥԴͻȥˡ뿪֮ǰҸ͵׼˵͵Ҫ¡
˵ţԼֻȡöָȻֱӸķҶȻ
ķֽӹ̽£ָȻһöռ
һһöŽײεĿռ
ķǣöָÿռһ׵ײȵĵҩϡģ
ЩϡпҩݣڸķļʶвֵĶһһѵĽټĿռ䣬вһҵ
²öָǽָЩֵ֮߶޿ɹģ
ȻƷĵҩ֮ĶǺµͨɫЩϡпҩݣȴȫƺ߽׵Žײεĵҩڷĵıرϣ
ķ΢΢ʧŤͷҶȻڷҶȻҲͬı󣬱֪öռָӦǲġĶҲûʲô
ҶȻֵĮӣķӦ
⡭
ķüеĿռָһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲô
ֵܣ˵֮ܳΪѣԭҲǳκĿأҵǳɳҪˣҲǷκζΪѣǾӦõģڸöռָҲȫֻǳڶһѵһ⡣
ķı飬˵
ķüûΪ˵Щ㽫ָİõ¡
ֵܣ˵ҪôЩķչҪ֮䲢ǿϸһȥԺͲܹṩİҲֶֻ㲻Ҫƴǡ
ָͽָĶʵҵģǰЩ׷ǳ˵򽻽ĵطʱոճΪʥͽΪļһΪҲѲʲô򣬱˳ֱɱˣǵĿռȻҲˡϸҿɻҪŸֵطأֻΪϸҰģ͵Ҳ¡
˵Ѿò
ķգգۣ˵ҲеǱ㲻ٳɵĽָϡ
ЩʱҲܶãû㹻ʵ֮ǰ㶯ýָЩǰ׳Ϊ
ҶȻѧȻķѡ£Ȼб
ͶʵĶҲֻЩûȵģȫãڲ㣬ƾֵֶΣò˶ãҲȫԼ㵽Բľʲô谭ǼһЩԺܶ·ϵ۰ˡ
ķҶȻ˽ָŸ
ͬҲ鷳ǲСñ֪ҺȻϣôöƷ״ﵽ˺Ž׵ĿռҼڳʲôӣЩӲϹǶᱻʱ˾Ըѽָһ֮ء
ķû˵
ٺ٣Һ͵ұ˵ˣռֶǾԵϡ͵ڵĲΣܹϳռˡܹʱӵеʵҲԱ֤İȫҲû˵ôΣա
Ϊ˵꣬Ȼָ˻ԭ˵߰ɣһȻҾҪˡ
У
ȻУʵϣҾӦмֵģӣһ֪ˡ


266 ɵøߣܿĸʵ
ЯķҶȻһһѷĸо
ŨҵĿʵķҶȻоΪ˷ܡ
ܶˣնеٶȲûܵӰ죬Ҳķʥͽ֮ϵһ⡣
û̫õʱ䣬˱˻ԭĵ
һ·϶ڿиԭŻԭЩָޣڸԵĻһĻĻ׷ֻ߱ɱĻ棬һԹߵĽǶȥۿһּе顣
ķٴﵽεޣɱһֻǿޡ
ɵ̫ߣټεȫרעǰսȻķ˸ȴûзǡ
һƬȻأƬϣÿʱÿ̶վڵϣܹһۿĶʼޡǷɵУһֱϣﵽ㹻ĸ߶Ժ󣬾ȫԽƬԭͬʱ۵ס
˺ķҶȻ£һ˵ţһֱȻһ߶ȡ
뵱꣬ڳɹΪʥͽĵһ£Ǿܵգһֱɵܹܵļ޸߶ȣȻȥ磬ֱգҶ޷˼µĸ߶Ⱥ¸ʱܵ𺳣ңǽһ߸Ҳȥʶ硣
ǻζ˵
桭ʲô
ķָָ죬ʵ
ʲôҲֻ֪һ顣ΪɵԽߣΧ¶ȾԽͣͬʱĿԪԽԽϡճΪʥͽʱ̫¹çײЩһξҾֱϡ֮ұûٷɵôߡһҪҶӡ롭Ӧǡޡɡ
һ߻ԼʮǰһμɥľһЩãȻ˵
ޣ
ķüظһ㡣
ûޡʲôûУ֮ǰﵽĸ߶ܾòô򵥣ܹﵽߵĵطһܹµķ֡ΪһƬޣô̫ϵô£һƬޣǵͬһ޴֮УǷǳµһ顣
صص˵ͷЩɬ˵
ԾģķоһĪĺ⣬ʶ̧ͷ۾ͷ֮Ƿ·ֻв̴С̫Ȼڵ̫ϺܸߺܸߵĵطֻΪʵ̫ԶԿŻôС̫ĴСܹǽƬȣ
˭֪أΪʥͽ֮Ҳףڶôǿ󣬵Ƭ˵ȻֻϡСʱЩûκ壬ΨһܹȥģǾܵԼǿֻǿ㹻ĳ̶ȣпѰҵҪȥѰҵࡣ
Щ˵
˵ĶԣչҪǿȥһЩ飬ƭ֪ûвֻΪĴη塣ףΪСˣЩ˾Ļˣ˵ҪҺȻһϲôϲʲô
ķ˵꣬ԼĶͷƺҪЩҵ뷨Ժĳȥһ㡣
ԣȻˡ֮ǰҺǳսǸ˶һطܹͨ޵ľѪڶʱڴڴս֮ǰǸ˽ԭǿһޣط
ָָܣ򵥵Ľܵ
˳ָķķע⵽վŵΧȻɢſʮֻϢǿޣ
ֻЩڿǳһ޾ɵſڵϣ·վ޷
˵ĻķҲûеһʱ䷢ǵĴڡ
Щ޵ʵȻĽǶ˵ֵһᣬ򣬻ǷǳǿġټǵȡΪľѪĻ˵Ҳһĺô֮սƵ̫գǸûҵ̫õĿռ䣬ֻǽЩ޵ľѪȡһҡˣЩҲֻǱסԼѣӸ˵Ԫˡ
һ˵ţһָָ
Щָޣһȴſڵϣ̧ͷǷ
֮ǰƣΪĳȡǵ
ķʵ
ûԭҵʵǱǿģɱҪһЩۣҲԲᵽΣĵزЩһľѪȴʹ˲˼൱ĳ̶ȣ˸ͬھĽ
Ц˵
ðɣô˵ģҪһʲôϵ𣿡
ķʵ
ٺ٣ںǸ˽սʱ򣬷һǳȤĶǸ֮ǰ͸͵õһ
һ˵ţһ߳һֻſŵλȥ


267 Сһ
ĲϽӽſŵʱԵýƺƴҪӵվƫƫŬ˼ºȴôҲ޷
ȴߵֻ޵ʱֱֻֽ̽Щƺܵץ
ȻߵСǱץסֻƺܵȴô޷ѡ
ķĿⲢûֻ޵ϣֻɢϢѾͬ۷ε
ΪֻͬʱһŴԴСĵֻԭſŵĵط
ķעǣǿŵı棬ѾһЩϸ΢ĹѺۼЩѵĺۼۿɼٶӡ
ֻƺܵһ󣬺Ȼ̧һ޵ͷϣ
һƿûκεͷ޲ûбһֻĸӷ
ȻЩվֻͽͣӵʱ䣬ͷޱȻһţƵĶ³һں쵽ϵѪ
ҵѪ꣬ԭֺͱŰӵ˫˲ʧȥȫɣԴһᣬ
ֽͷ޵ʬӵһߺ󣬽һѪֱǿŵϡ
ķŲ³ҪʲôʼհһԹߵĽɫҶȻҲֻڸտʼʱüͷܿչ
ȻѪ˵Ϻ㽫ǿŵӵһķԣͬʱǿŵŵķϡ
Ҳ֪ŵôģҿԿ϶ǣһ޻ԭĲͷر⸽ǿĴ֮һŵȻڱֺ󣬾ֱӱռ
ķǿŵı棬ѵĺۼѾ鲼˵ǵȫ΢Цż˵ﵽ۷εѾӵһǻۣҲֱӳŵõĺôǳޡǵȵŵ֮ĵʲôֻҪ̷֮ôмĿܣֱͻļޣΪʥޡ
ҲͻȻ뵽رޣֻ̥ŵйϵԲûֹ֡һǲףŵѾҪΪʲôҪֻرʣһ뾫ѪܵϣղģǴرܵľѪɣ
ķͬеĵһԭڵϵľѪѾŵǵĹѶŵ˸ɸɾ
ûľѪ˿ŵＴĶӽ׳⣬ĺôӵԭĶ޵Ϣ
˵ͬʱķһ롣
ΪǿŵѾڹѲ˵ȫ󣬿ʼѵļ
ںǳ˽սʱ򣬷ŵĴڡȻΪʲôȻѾһʱˣܵԭŨԪŵϢѾ˲ƬԭζֻЩζڻԭڵ첻κεвѹȸС
һ˵ţһָָԼ˵һһ˴˵Ĳ̫С߱޷ǿǿĵطԼжôǿΪ̫ԶСΪ֪η塣ҽǴرܵľѪڵϣաԱƬ޻ԭޣҲܹоڲͬӶĳֳ롭ӦûвСĺô
䣬ǿŵĶȻ׵ƿһŷǳɰСԴ̽˳
СԴèԴȴֺèԵĲֻͬĴ۾Ƶ󣬵һ۾ֱӿķ
գգΪ˻һűſ죬ΧĵǴڵҧȥ
ķȻĿУһĹ򣬱ѾԼڵҺȫ˶ӡ
ֻķƴСһޱֱӴܵķļϣ۵ͷܵķĲӡ
Ȼ룬㵱ˣ
СһķӦЦ˵
ʲôѲè𣿡
СһЩķɵ΢΢ƫͷָԼļʵ
治жϡ
ϸĶСһоҶȻͬߵķԣ˫ǺĲͣ
ε䣬ŮӵıҲעҶȻޱȿɰСϲʲôֿ
СһȻľٶһ˳ķ˽ȥȻķ·УֻԼСԴ©˳ͬʱǲƵǶҶȻĽӽûʲôӦ
ֻǸոճСһݣȻѾ൱ķ
֪֮еĻֻһַǳǿĴںСһ￴Щ񣬵ҲǺСһȫһҲСһﵽɶ
СһΪˬͷҲͲټ۲졣
ķļˣôˣҲٰʲôϾ˷ܶḶ́ûԼĺˮѪҲԵޱȲ԰ס⸽رǿ޶Ѿˣʣľܶ˵ͬΣգֻҪ㹻СģӦҲܱܿҾͲǻȥˡ뿪͵һζǾʹ˱ɡ
ķ΢΢һȴҲûٶ˵ֻصص˵ͷڵأ
أɽˮպֵټ
£ѾնٶĳԶȥ
ķվԭأһֱĿ׵ʧԼߵУŤͷͬҶȻ˵Ҳ߰ɣȻЩ޶ҲڵܶԸ˵ģʵ̫Σա
ҶȻ˵ͷķһȷһ󣬿ȥ


268 ڶ
֣һεѺڿ˳Ƶ޻ԭԵȻûһ·ϳôֻ⣬ûκķա
޻ԭıԵһʮɵСͶٵǰš
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ÿһ˵϶¶ɵı飬֮仹ڱ˴е̸ЦţȻѺڵḶ́Щûγɶѹ
⣬κһѺڣǵ˽ӳɹһ̣Ҫʱ㹻ľ衣
ڶǰһ׳˶ӣӵеģһС˵Ůӡ
ŮӾܿ겻󣬵һװԵΪ
֪֪ˣ֣ͻ˵ֲ̣ǲѺ㶫ֻҪﵽʦϵĲΣ͸˰ɣÿζôΣգΣ
Ů˵
ǵʵ̫СȻֻѺ٣ʤڰȫھȻ˲࣬ȴҪΪھ˵ǣҪ⣬Ȼܹȥӡװ
ȵĿ̾˿һε˵
ԸŮΪ¶ĵʱ򣬳ӵĲ෽Ȼһ̳
ԭЩɫʦֺ̳󣬵һʱ㷭ͬʱеӵڳ˾̬
޻ԭ̳Ƿǳ顣
ڻԭɺ·ɳǳأټϻԭȱȻγɵ赲Իԭ֮жд磬ֻҪһЩȽϴ󣬶γ̳
Ծܰڳ˾̬ЩʦǵҲδ̫š
ϾǻԭıԵ򣬰ճ˵߲֮ܳϵޡ
߲εޣǻӦˡ
ܿ죬̳𽥵ĽӽСͶ顣
ǿ̳ھʲô飬ڿ֮ĵһʱ䣬ͬʱ£žͷ׷׽ȫ˿Цõı顣
̳ʮֻ׷һһŮˡ
˿൱ǱŻǳ࣬ǻҳԵʶ
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޻ԭԵǳ޻ԭʱ֡
Щ뵽޻ԭ˵Ψһ΢ɵһЩģǹѸݵٶȣԼȺϰӴ
ٶ۵ĻСΧڵĹٶȣܹһڣ
ȻԶԵģǵĹ˱ļ¡
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ǶŮͣضĹ겻ŮĿ˵
ٺ٣Щ˵齳˽νĴħˣνʵָպþԼͨˣҪ°ɣֲ֪ߵغ˻𣿡
Ůһʦ˵
Уȥǻģȥǡ
Ůӿбͣ۳ǶŮĹƺԽԽЩҪ֧Ųסļƣٵ˵һѸٵĳǶŮȥ
ȥͬʱһѳѾС
ٶ̫ͻȻûиκηӦʱ䣬ŮӵĸףڶӵĴˡӶûзӦֻĿԼŮѸٵĳƬ̳֮С
ŮƷߵҪԸʮֻ󣬻ǷǳɵģԶ˵Ҳû˵ʲô
ֻ΢΢üͷ̳еǶŮ
ܾӦûô򵥣ΪǶŮȻǱʵϡʮֻĹǶŮûбҧһ£
ӵľ飬ϸڵĹ۲죬Զͨʦ
û취Ķʵ̫СûʵΪǰ£ͱžԵĽȥ֤İȫ
ͷôˣСȻֻƷȴԶͬߣֻʮֻˣΣյġ
վڿԵһӣüӺ̲סʵ
СûϵֻΪͻȻֵŮѣܾáе⡣
⣿һȺ׷ôǱʲô⣿ͷ̫ˡ˵ˣѺڣֲʲôֵǮĶ˭ô۵ķʽǣ
ϣ˰ɡ
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269 çײСѾͷ
ķȻվԭأĿɿڴĿǰͻȻȺžͷĿʼɱķŮӡ
ķļϣͬһСһֻצӽץķϵϣۺɫĿԵޱ͵Ůӡ
һԵҶȻͬͣŤͷ˿ķȻ֪Ҫôǰ״
ͻȻ֡Ⱥ׷Ůһ·ӻԭա˲СʱܳķҶȻ
һȺȻܶķҶȻκв
֮Իᱻʮֻ׷ʵȫķʱһѵʽˡ
СΧתŲٶ죬ƫƫĹȴλеһ˵κƷ׵˵󶼻ͬûɱ
ķȻ뵽ٶȿ졢û̫๥ص㣬ȫȥѵͻȻķӦ
ѵκεΣա
ѵĽǶֱ͡
һ·ӻԭı˳һ·Ͽʱ̽ž񣬺ò׵˻ԭԵλãûʱпɥΣЮңҲͨѵϵĽš
ȴû뵽ѵŸոսСҵʱ䣬Ȼͱͻ״ϡ
ķĹŮѾɾĽʮֻɱ˸ɸɾ
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ؿ˿һʬŮŤͷķҶȻԹ
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СѾͷΪҶȻΣգԲųȵģ
⡭ⶼĸİ
ô˰׳յ󶼴򲻹£ðȻܵ޻ԭ
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ȻʵЩСѾͷһȻı飬ķʵѵõ
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СѾͷС˵İ˰֣˵ͬʱֳָָѾͣڶӡ
ǣ˭ҲԼЦѾʹ뿪ԭˡ
ķ˳˵
ŶҲԣϿǻԭԵλãǰأҲͲҪ׵뿪ԭˣȥʲôط
СѾͷһ˵Żһ߸еĽǳؽʮֻʬϵҼŵԼ¶
ΪСޣмֵĲλϡ٣ŻǼ̵Ψһ۸Ķ
ʮֻܹṩһӣʤޡ
Ǵȥ뿪ԭӦûһ൱·̡
ķԼ֪ķָָ
ôɣھ־ھҲѺһ˻س̵ڣպҪؾģɴ͸ǵڶһ߰ɡ糾͵ӣûУ뿿ȾʹܵȥɣҸҿ϶ҪôĻһڰ·ϡ
СѾͷ˵꣬ҲѾʮֻռϣûķҶȻκλشʱ䣬ֱӳķҶȻ˸ƣȳڶȥ
ǡҪȥ𣿡
ҶȻıЩãȻ
ķǿ˿ҶȻΪһ·æЩ̲סЦЦڵܷܲСĺ⣬硭֮ĵˣԽԽˡԽϲǿݡΪǿ󣬴Ӷϰȭͷȥ⣬Ĳټ鱾ʵĶԴǰǰ㣬Լĵߺͼ֡
ķ˵磬Ѿй壬طСҲɲ޵ĵλԽԽߣӵеЩ߸ϵȨҲԽԽ࣬ҵͳνײ㣬𽥵ĽѹƽάϵͳεĹߣѾʼϰȫȻΪģ˺öҿǲԵġ
Ϊ綼ǲԵģһԼˡ
ķĸпҶȻȴȻôһĻ
ķ΢΢һ㶣ЩĿҶȻһۣЦһû뵽Ȼ˵ֻԭΪʼռҡЭԸ񡣡
⻰ֻǶ˵ģҡ
ҶȻޱ˵
ðɣô˵ȸȥɡСѾͷȻçײЩϵҺϲȻͬ·˳ǵİȫɡʮǿһֻǾƷ߶ѣھڣͨ˵ЩҲӦޣ֮СھκһѺʧܣ´ǻԵġ
ķûٽҶȻĻ磬ЦǺǵ˵ֱҶȻ֣ڶȥ
ʱ޻ԭڵദҶȻȻѾϰķֵĶ˲ûκηľٶ
֮ĹϵƺһµĽչ


270 Ϊͬ
ķԤϵڶӱҶȻİ;룬ֳ൱Ũҵĵ;롣
еĴˣķҶȻļ붼ǳžܾ̬ȵġ
СŮһ֣ķҶȻǻ޷ڶͬС
ڶǿͬķҶȻļ룬Ҳֻȳһƥ˵
ڳΨһһСŮεҪΪ˷ڶҲܾκò
ͬʱڶҲķҶȻκνӽĿܣڶӵҪ£ķҶȻͬһƥʼոǵͷҲ֮ΨһľƷԣԱͽӡ
ƷߣȻСŮĸסλΪӡ
Ǹʵ̫࣬ʹֵµȺһκİ˶űܵĵͽ䱸λҪ֡
ڶ¿ʼ̺һֱڶǰĿӿһķҶȻװؿ˵
СŮڿӵ࣬ƺڷźͶִ鲻ǺܺãһֱţûκҪ˵¡
Ȼ飬ңҲͬİ˼ġܸһƥǾѾˡ
ķҶȻ㣬һ΢ЦŻص
˵㡱ʵʱޱȵϡ
ֻѣҡ
ҶȻȻ˵
΢΢һЩֵٴγķҶȻһۣͻȻЩò׼֮Ĺϵˡ
λãҽлƴʯŮƻۡǼǰھֵصģûʲôѧʣǡüſһ޴ʯͷﳤôʯҵ֡ҲǻԵɺϣһλƵޣ̻һЩǳׯڰʽҲһͨũ򡣡
ӵ»صǰ̸һļ˵˰һĶˣ뷨ͻ֮ĶҲһܻĶǳǳԣȴǿһˣȻҲͲٸһӿԷɴ࿪˼Сھ֣Ȼȴվǽ˾ǼҲʵǹҫˡ˵ⲻ֪䣬Ȼȥʮʱء
˵󣬿ͷ˿ϵ̫·뵽ĳֻ䵱УֹסҲ֮Χֻʣҵ
˺һӷ·ŴӻоѹķǸЦЦ󣬿ʵң˵Լˣûüλôƺ˷ǰΪ£ǼҾסھ
ⷬʵĺȻھ˷ŵһ̵֮󣬸Եûκͻأĵط

ķЩĿ˿ӣû뵽˿׳£Ȼڲϸ˼
΢˼һķ򵥵ĽԼҶȻҸ߻ƴʯڶɽǰĿģΪͶݡ
ƴʯԶ˵ţΪڶӰȫԼԼĵĿǣһ·ϣƴʯʼղͣòšҪķ׳һЩõѶϢ
κķ£װŵĿһɣģڻƴʯִȻӦ磬ÿÿشݶ൱壬ҲΪʵϣϸĻͻ֣ᷢķʵʲôû˵
ھһʱ󣬵ҹ٣ڶӿʼʱľסʱƴʯûдķ׳κõѶϢ
ԼһĽ֪˵ķȤĶ
ĽȻûƴʯΪΣҲ˵ʲôջûС
ԭķҶȻľ裬ѾŰĽࡣ
ΪڽĹУƴʯֱΪķҶȻǳѺ˵ġ
ĸоҲûƴʯԺתһЩ
޻ԭҲҪǰϽ·̣ܹһվԽֻ¶Ұ⣬ԭֻǰͷ׼񣬼СۺסһҲȳһǣʹպϴպϰɡ
еĶúú󣬻ƴʯķ˵ҶȻķ̬ȣûƴʯҲЩò׼֮便Ǹʲôϵ˵ԽЩ
ʦѾõĴҽЯ׺һЩŵ˴ûһĹ򣬴ڱ㿪ʼƮζ
ƴʵ̫ˣܵǱѾǳмˡ
ķЦǺǵ˵
ΪҲ֪ʲô˯ҹ
һԵҶȻȴٴͻȻ廰
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271 ־
ڶЯЩḻǻڴһȥټϵΰͣζҲǿ˵ùȥ
ܿ죬Ŵʳ죬һʦԼеʳУΧ
ķƻ۸ʳУҲǰȥ
СһѾ굽·棬ûκ˵ע⡣
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ķôվԭأɶԷײϵĻôԷȻΪˡ
ʦƣķֻ΢ЦųԱһʦײͬʱּһ
Ǳʦֱײһ㣬ͬʱҲʦײֱжʦЩԵİˡ
ʲô
Ȼ󣬵ڴԱߣȻܶ˶һĻʳʢĻƻ۶ʱʵ
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ʦո˵꣬еʦĺȻЦ
ƻ۱С죬ҪķȴǺȻ˰֣ǲΪ΢΢һЦת߻ҶȻԡ
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Ƶʦһĭǲм˵
ͣվԱߣҲˣ㻹ָʲôͷҿСȻһüĿ㣬ϸɴҹϮˣû׼СӱǸүҲ˵ϲֽ׳أ
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䣬ʱ˱ȷŸӿŵЦ
˵Ķԣ硭ȷʵ̫Щʵ޷⣬ΪʲôЩˣνġС˵ĸȤ
ŶԵԻҶȻޱĿ߹ķʵ
ΪֻչֳǵֻǸˣѰҵһЩ΢νϡˣȻԷϲǳǵĶǾԼɣҿ֮ǰĿ⻹һЩȻȥ԰ɣҸҹ
ķƽ͵ͬҶȻ˵
ЩʦǵĻǹݣȴǸûȥ
˴֮ľһĳ̶ʱҪŭǿߣҲһ׵顣
Ϊ£ǿߵУʵûߴڵλá
ȻӣȻ㲻⡣
ұ죡ʵʵǵķȥ˭ٺ˵˵һ춼Զ
ʼԹһеĻƴʯڿ˿ڣƺЩķŭ
Щʦƴʯĺһһʱ㰲Ӫĵط˻֮ʢ⣬ȻûκαĶ
ƴʯЩʦĿе֮ߣɼһߡ
ҺܱǸǵƢСûʲô飬ԾֹȽϴֱɣλǧҪ⡣
Щʦ󣬻ƴʯϸεɫͬķ˵
ķνĵ˵ͷȻڵƴ磬ڶֻǰЩ˰ɣɻֳ֣˲ͬӣһж
ţǵھֹģСЩѾȫʦˣ֮ǰ뿪Ѻ˵Ļ˵ǳҪĻҲὫ˶ȻûзֳɶģΪʲôôʣ
ƴʯֵķʵ
ûʲôֻǵĺѣƴȥ÷ãùǵġ·ϵеۣҲϢһ¡
˵꣬ķֱҶȻǰϥ£ͬʱ˫ۡ
ƴʯ죬ƺҪ˵ʲôǿķǸӣȴվֱͣתŴȥ

鱨ȻûȷʵǻƴʯԴӣԶھʦȫ˳ֻʣʦھ￴Ŷѣ
ڻƴʯһסصļ⣬ҹµĺſڹľУ͸ľЩ϶۲Żƴʯһ˵פء
һ΢СһЩĺ˾ܵѹ˵
֮ǰһڣԶ׬׬ǮǵȻ㳲ҲѪֻҪܹɹؽԶȫɵǽԽȡƱػгɱ⽫Ҫһԣ˴жֻɹʧܣ
һ˳˵
ٺ٣ģλôĴۣ붯һʦƴʯֻǾƷ߶ѣʦĶ֡ʵҿôֱӶֱˣﻹҪٵȼʱ䡣
ĶСĺΪ˷ܵ˵
У޻ԭΧһȦһֱصѲӵ´ûκ޴ӻԭܳҲԲɶԭĹܿأ⸽ֵķ̫һϣǶҪ֮ء֮ȻѾ׼˳֣ôʣµģҪ㹻ģΪִ¶Ծ·
ն˵
ðɣôϱƴʯˣҪȥһϸĵ𣿡
ˣ׷ܵģҲûʲôвֲ֪ǴӺζҪ飬ҲûκͷͽȻ˷ʱˡ
ǣˡ


272 ԭ֮кı仯
ķϥҶȻǰȻ˫һֱţʵȴʼһעעΧ
СһﰲĶĻʱĻᷢһЩϸ΢
ӳڲŸոʮʱ䣬СһȻһַǳĽ׶Σ˶˯ߵ൱š
ʱѾķļ˯һ죬ɵϣСһȴûκҪ˼ֻǻһ˯ĵطٴ뵽˺˯С
ЩķѾϰСһϢֱڣûüСһһ֡
СһԼϢķԺǲͣĸΧĻ棬ԺΪģԲʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣκζķ紵ݶĳš
ӵеġСֻǵƾϢĸ֪ȻͨԺйճΧĻ棬ӶﵽΧ״գϸ΢ĳ̶ȶҪĳ۾Ĳ׽
ΪӾäģһָܵĹӰ죬ӶһЩ׽ϵ
Ԫȴ״
֪ͨԪȻԺйΧĻκεĴ
˫ۣɸӸЧ
ߺʼڻԭ֮еСµʱķ󲿷ֵľ˽Ԫ֪ϰϡ
Ϊʵ̫ϰ۾ãӳڣͨ˫ȥ۲磬ѾΪһ־ԵıܣҪȥӦͨԪ֪ΧĻʵһ׵顣
СµʱķѾⷽ˾޴ĽϣﵽЧȻź蹵һĲࡣ
εļѣȥһҪĿ꣬ΪǶƣ
ܵĽСֻȥ֪ĿǿķǱ
һʱľ޴ãֻĿǰΪֹ˸֪Ŀǿ⣬ķΨһ뵽ģ䵱۾һ䡣
һܹգôսܹһϣ
һ㣬ķʮ㡣
Сµʱ˶ԡСӦ⣬ķͬһЩջ
رǴӻԭԭΧ͵͵ǰеЩ죬Χκγֵޣʵǿ´ҲķҶȻأЩʼվ߶Ƚţµÿһ鼡⣬ʱ̴ڽ䱸״̬С
־һЩ־ǿ˷裬Ǽ֮󣬺ôȴҲ൱ԣ
ڵķѾӵ˾Ʒߵľ磬ֶʵġҲܼѹƵľƷߣķĸоڵ״̬һͻƳΪʦ󣬽ľٶȣȻᴴһʷǰļ¼
ҶȻͬŷǳԵԭƷʦľ磬ڻԭ֮ѾﵽƷʦˮ׼
һϣﵽľ磬Ƚ˾֮һ
ЩˮɵĻȡķΪ˴λԭ֮ջʵӦǶԷ˲뵽һ׶Σ
͵ռԼڴصЩֽ׶λиʵõļֵķȥָڵЩƷ
ڻûдﵽľ֮ǰķ׼á
û㹻ʵΪУóȻʹýָĶôԶ׼ġ
Է˲뵽ȫµĽ׶Σķʵ͵ռмֵĶ࣡
ķϲǣھԼһѨȫӯԪʮ󣬷˲Ļƺ
ȥ֮öָҲǽ˲ݴԺУ
ҽݣٲͬһļķһΪɢֵļؼ
ҲΪԺгһ׼ؼķף˲ȻֻķؼӦһֺġķںϵĶؼ
ķȻķž޴塣
ζţҪǰ㣬ϵȥ׷ָǿļؼҪѧϰļؼҲֻҪʵȥѰһЩȽıá
Ȼ˲Զǿôķţͷ˲׵ļؼͬطǷƷ
ҪǣָݸϢͷ˲׵ļؼڷ˲ķҲǷǳġ
Ӳʵ
ڵԪķȻ˫ۣҹɫ΢΢ƫͷһȥ
һƬڣڽ¹̫κζ
ķȴɶǸ֮»ı۾


273 ͽ
ʱڶһ·϶ûκ״
г˳ûƴʯЩ⡣
Щʦƺܵ˻ƴʯľ棬ûȥķҶȻ鷳
ټԽԽٽؼҵϲҲЩʦǽķҶȻ;ĲֱԺ
һ·ĵĻ⣬ѾתƵ˻ص֮Ӧκúõȥһ£Ըοʱˡ
ȻʦͬǣƴʯɫȴΪء
Խǽӽϵ֮ɫԽԣнٶȣܵһЩӰ졣
ƻЩһֱΧķҶȻԡ
ΪڷСһĴڣڷСһĴں󣬵һʱ޵ֿİݵСһĿɰ֮¡
ֻǺܿϧÿʮʱСһʮһʱ˯ߵжɹȻѾȥʱ䣬ɻƻĺСһӴĻȴ֮١
ټϳķ⣬СһҲżһҶȻˣκ˵ĽӴСһﶼֳԸ
ԻƻʵСһﹴЩ跹˼
СһëĿɰŮӵɱʵ̫޴Щ
֣ôôüչģаҵʱ䣬Ǿܽ뵽ˣֻҪ˾ʣµľһƽκΣգһγڵԲˣ׬ôһʣӦø˲ǰ
Сһǳ˱ŸĻƻ죬˻ƴʯԣ˵
Ƥһֱܾûʲôõ鷢һ㣬ЩҪĶҺˡ
ƴʯȻԼµͣ¿˿˵
ҲŻƴʯĶֻͣڻƴʯһصӣȴһ¶ɻɫ
֣̫˰ɣھ򸽽ɴû˵ʲôܽٷ֮ĴڣֻҪٸϰҵ·̣ͻ᳹׵İȫˣʲôõĵģ
ƻ۷˸ۣܾԼĸףʵЩЩ
ô˳𡭡
ƴʯֻԼͷĸоԽŨ￴һȦȴǺȻڶϡ
ڸʲô
һȣƴʯںͬʱѾԼڶѺȥ
ʦŻƴʯһȣʶķ׷Ťͷ
ǲŷ֣Ȼ֪ʲôʱѾ͵Ѻ棡
г߾٣㳯Ķ
ʦʱ´󾪣Ҳ׷׻еųȥ
ǱһƵĴľģרƥһˡ
Ϊ˱ⷵؾгȫ˷ѵ˻س̵ѺʵȡĲر
ﱾһЩĴĶ˵Ѻ˵ԼУ⳥Ҳķǳ֮ߡ
֮ǰĿĵʱֻôһպÿ˳ŻؾѺôȻ˷ǳߵ˼ۣƴʯҲԲѡѺ˵
ڿڡȻ⣡
ѹԼһֱúʲôϸĻһ·ϵľֹƺЩֵĵط
ѺڵҲģ
ȥɣ
˲Ϊʸ֮ģĶȴû˿ĳɣ߾ĳþȫе£
»ƴʯǰľٶ˫ľվЩԶƴʯһʱ˷ӦҲȥֹ
һʵʵ˴ľϣ
ľͷѵȻ
ӱըģǴľŵĴԼĶֻһʵ̫ڴľӱ󣬴ըģȫǴƬ
㷢ʲô裡
ʦŵһʱǰͻȻıʣò֪ӦηӦ
СģЩƬж
ʦԵһʦѵıľըѳƬϣͷ֣ԼƬƤȻ˲һƬϣҺܿƤΧʧȥȫ֪
֮£Ƭеʦæһʱе
ȻվǺˣ
ЩľըƬ֮ǰѾͬŮɢ㣬飡
ŴͻƬÿ˵ıܷӦֱӻֽƬֻߴ顣
֮ģһڶӡǰĻƴʯŮԼķҶȻ⣬ȫûκ׼£ֱо綾
ƴʯķӦܿ죬һжʦǿֹסԼǰ˵ͷЩƬǵķΧ֮⣬ͣסԼӡ
ȻΪӦʱԲδմȾأǰһĻûƴʯѣ
һڶӵʦ⣬Ѿȫ˵ϡ
ǽĳ£ŵԷЦݣޱȴۣ


274 Ʒת
ӣ
ƴʯҧӦޱϤʱȴƫƫԵ쳣İͬ飬ŭ֮ʢҪȫȼա
ͷҲҵ˷Ķбˡ
ڻƴʯͣסӵͬʱѾ鵶ˣͻƴʯһ൱ȫľһЦݵ˵
ͬʱ·ԣЩïܵĹľУͻȻܳӰ
վǰ
ǣ
ͻȻֵˣ쳣ϤֻΨһһΪƴʯͫʱ
ȴǸ˲˼ɫȻٴγȻԶ˹һ𣿣Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôͷ˵ΪʲôԶôЩ꣬Ϊھ˶ĹףҵõĻرʲôãЩʵ̫𣿡
ϵЦʧŻƴʯʣǲߵؽе
㡭ȻôģǴֵܰ㵱ڽֱҪ˭ھ֣˭գ˭ӵһΣյʱ˭ܲȥȻȻ
ƴʯ˵Ѿò
ߣЩûõĶ˵£ǶжЩҲѾˣ
ŻƴʯĻǳ鴤£Żƴʯһ󣬱ͬǰ˱ȭλҴӦѾˣλº󡭡Ҫ˳ŵ
ģǻҪ㣬ԶԵĸɸɾأȻжĥɱ¿úܺãǸôӡȻʣ»ƴʯŮˡʣµģͰˡ
ǰУվߵһλͷҲصؿ˵
˵󣬻м˱˱ȭ
š
վм˺ưĵ˵ͷޱӿһɵĸַ緶
żҵ
ƴʯ΢΢һ㶣ֿ˿ϳΪĵ˾˭ɫɴ䣬е
ңͷԲãҪԶ֣
Ϊ̤ǰһ൱Ŀ˵˵
ԶѪˡʦεĸֶ˹ô˵ǲˣ
ƴʯɫһã˲˹ȵס
Է׼˳֣ѺڿʼѾ鶼˸ѵһΡҪڽӣ
鷳λͣһͣǵĽм¡
ƴʯ￪ʼ־ʱķȻתͷһƽĿţһ߳
ƻ۴ʱѾ˻ƴʯ󣬶ͻȻֵıʣСԵúǻңƺֻдԼ׵ԣ㹻İȫС
ţĵɫǲıʣȻǿװ򶨣ֻǿϧõĸԶĶһԽ죬עҲҪ
еһ˿˵
˭˭Ժ˵ֻŪ⡣
˻ƴʯԣȻҶȻķϣʵҸոռʱǷԵΪҵģΪ˱ŻôҵķӦ˵ҵƣʵĿģҲǳ̽Ҫˣ
ߣȻʵֻԷһˣҵ裬ȻңҲͷġ
һƺôԸķ
ô˵ڣ֮Դһʼͽ⳥ôߣԭǴڽȫɱԼݣȥʣĴȫթ
ƴʯԲ۾ǰѴͷβ鶼
ûͷһڼһȴվ˵оΣ
ٴθ˲̬Цݡ
ô˵Ҿͷˡ
ķס˿ҪʧȥǵĻƴʯ˵Ҫȷһ£ֻ֮ôַ˴Ѻڵػطʽ͵ϮĿģǲκ֪ɣԲҪöΪǲܴ̫˹̫Ҫѵķգõķʽô˵ûɣôĻȻǵҲӦӦĽҩ
ܴ
еĵһķһۣм˵ֻǺܿϧֶȭͷǰûκô
˵öԣҺͬ۵㡣
ķһͬĵ˵ͷ˴ݲȵӣöԷڵӿһɹŹֵ
Ǿ鷳ӴЩӬɣȻǽ¶÷ǳأʡ鷳ֻҪǶɾɱȻһ񣬹ٷҲͲ鲻κζˡ
ķŤͷҶȻ˵
ҶȻĵ˵ͷ΢΢һԪȻų
ԭζ·è׽ĶԷˣҶȻԪͻȻͷų˲ɫ䣡
ʲôΪʲôŮôǿ
ӦȻԭϵһƵıֱӿеͬʱûκԥľתӣ
ҶȻͷųԪ֮ǿ˼׸ֵܵ
屾ܵķӦ˼άжϸ죡


275 Ʊ
ҶȻȻӵ
תӵͬʱҶȻѾ˳ȥ
ԭЩӵҶȻսĸ˷츲صı仯ԾͶ䣬ٲôνı׼·ежȫ쳣ɾΪսıȥǣ
תӵĶûȫʱҶȻѾһĳ嵽࣬ͬʱֱץס°ͺͲûκηӦʱ򣬾һš
ԣ
һ죬Դ˲ֳһǳŤ˫Ǿɫ˱صص˵ϡ
֮Ĳȷʵǳ޴󣬵սƷʦƷʦʱҲӦһ֮£ֱӱɱ
ϧǣλҶȻͻȻϢŵ˵ûκҶȻսټҶȻ˻ԭ֮󣬶սֵİգѾȣһ
ֻһĻԶھֵ˵ʵǹھ޴ĳ
ĿԭǼô򵥵ֱǵǰʱȻţ⾹Ȼġ
ɱ˰ɣҲûãҲҪѯʲô飬ûҪ˷ʱ䡣
ҶȻɱͣķȻ֪ҶȻʲôֱӿ˵
㡭ǲԶЩʦҡнҩ
ﴫķ˵ĻأԴ𾪵еԶھֵˣͬʱе
ϧķҶȻû˶κγɡ
ԶھֵˣֱӱҶȻһһƣԴϡ
ǾֵĽȻֹ˫һ߿Ѫͬʱĵ˵ϡûκεϢ
ͨ
ҶȻ֣ɵɱˣ鼱Ĳ£뵽˱У˫ϥһ˾ֱҶȻǰ
𡭡ɱңҡ֪ˣɱң
ôţ۾ȴǶŻƴʯ
ҶȻɱʱʼһȻı飬ȫȥֱӡ
ܶ飬һˣٲܻͷҪΪԼĴȥԡ±Ӽǵ˰ɡ
ûȻƴʯڣķ˵
̬ⷬȷҶȻǰһĽĲֱŤϡ
˫жŵɫ·ζ޷ܣȻط
ĸȫҶȻɱķ˹һ˵ʬǰʬһ
ܿ죬ķʬҵһСҩƿ
ҩƿó˷ڣζķʬ΢΢һЦڵҩֶԼҡ
˵꣬ķǸСҩƿŻƴʯ˹ȥͬʱ˵ÿ˷һͺáⲻʲô˲õĶҩֻһʱڣʧȥжѡֻҪﵽʦĲΣֶҩ޷κã㲻õĶرʲô˺
ƴʯ㶵ĽסķӹҩƿæӦһȻ㼱ҴҵĿʼЩ̱ڵϵʦֱιҩ
ܿ죬жصʦһεվ
Щʦڻָ֮һȴȫдεĿ־壬ľľĿķҶȻ
㡭ҡ
еʦ궾ƴʯ˿ŤͷķҶȻȻоһĿڸȫ֪ôȥԱԼڵ顣
ƴ磬ֻҪסһ㣬ʲô鶼ûзΪ޻ԭıԵܵ޵Ϯ飬ȫ𣿲㣬ڶˣҪסһ㡣
Żƴʯһſڽӣķ˵
ģһǶģʵ̫лˣڣˡǶҪˡ
ƴʯæظ֤ƺǲ˾
ʦҲʶ˵ͷֻһ·ǶԴķҶȻ̬ȶѺãԴʱĸо൱
ǡǼȻô֮ǰΪʲôᱻһ׷ܣһɵǺǵȥǣǡƽ׵ıǿЦ
ƻҲӻƴʯ˳ȻСעصȻĸȫͬ
ڽѵȻССռڵĹٶȷǳţʺѵʱӦѵûãͻȻ˽Ȼ߶ʮһģеɱ˸ɸɾ֪ȫȻǳںģܴܲѵõĻԲǡ
ķ̯˫֣һ˵ţһʼ硣
ԡԸΪǣ
ƻ۾죬ǰΣõӦø˲ǣɲ֪ΪʲôҲ˲һίޡ
Żƻ˫˲ӣķæǰ˼˻ƻ۵Ժƻ۵ͷº͵˵룬֮ԸǣΪһ·ѺṩеıΪ㵱ʱȥǵľٶסܿɹƷһҪ֣ܶʱһЩƾ٣һЩ벻Ļر
ķůƻ۳˳ӣƶǶĵ˵ͷ
ƴ磬Ǿֿɣ⼸˵ʬ壬鷳ԼһˡסҺ˵Ļ졭ʲôûз
ģǻѺķǳģ
ãȻˣǺڰɡ
ķŻƴʯ˹֣»ƻ۵ͷŴҶȻתȥ


276 һǳ
ھݴ½Ĵ˵Ƚӹһ
ԶôȶȴֱȱԡսĻҪõĶࡣ
յȻ綫ôңȴԶԶûֶҰʳĳ̶ȡ
֮һƬôӡء
ƽӹˣҲܻһЩ֮ƽӹĵطҲһЩԺǵĺۼ
ȻҲˡ
ƬϣΪֵģĳһλӢҲĳһԺӰ켫Զĺս۳ǣ
۳ǣԽ֮𣬱㱻Ϊܱݵĵطÿһ֪۳Ǵڵˣ֮Ϊ֮ܡ֮ΪƬϣ貵飡
Ǭӿڵľ۳֮һ
ܴǬѾ߰ʱ䣬ʵľӽ֮տʼвʷ
ԭǬڿʱµĹڵľֻڿʱ򣬴ǬڲһǳصĻս
ԭ;ĹѲɿ漰˻صĶе׺ͼ¼֪ݣҲ֮ʧȥԸȥεĻ
֮յĽǣǬۻʵֱӻһҲǻѪȴվֱϵһ
εĴǬۻʣǴӵʱδľնȡ
ڳɹλ֮δǬۻʱֱǨ˾ڡ
־˳ʮڴǬʱ򣬽⸱ΰ׳񼣵ģ
ǵӵĽǶȥĻڵλãʵʺϳΪһ֮
ΪӿλǬʮеҽ
ҪǣͬǬĹϵ㲻Ϻ
µһڣҵľӣӿխĵطͻ룬ôֻҪʱ䣬ֱܹĳǽ֮£
һ֮˿߽ĵطʮУҲֻдǬô
յʱλǨĵۻ˵عš
һ֮ΨнԼһֱΣյĻ֮£ʼձһžӰ˼ΣģڹڰֵĻԡ
˵ķǳ
Ǭ֮ʱǿҰδȫɢһ֮ڱ߽Ȼۻʶ߾ָӣֻҪܹı߽ȥôڵĵطȻνı߽ûκιϵ
ֻʧĵطڣλۻʲûԤϵЩǬȻûнԼһһ
ټλۻѡǨĻһԭĹڼλҲǻ壬ȴȻᱻΪǴλߣΨнǨƣŻıΪһλΰĿߣ
ܴʵʽǶûκ壬ǴνǶȴǷʷЩԲƽ˵ǸƨǶЩѾκ׷ȴп޷ֵջ
ؼһ𣬱۳֮һľյ
˵ǣǻʵ࣬ȥԶ
ǾȻȻΰš
ҶȻȻǰĺΰǳأһʱ𾪵Щʧ
ŷ·رǰκα仯СѾΪȵ𾪶ȫӲ̬
ķҶȻⷬӣĵ˵ͷ
ܹҶȻ˴Ĳķʵһˬ顣
ʵһĿù⾩ΰεĺǣķʱı֣ҶȻӲĶࡣ
ûķİõĿҶȻչ¶ϲֿɰһ档
㲻֪ж仰ȻûһǳأҪˡöõʱܽɡĹУֻжڴˡκεĻԻͣҪѪȥͣҿĲֹһǡǰ׹ɽ
ҶȻؿǰ۳ǣһʱǰУֱפ
ʵ˾뾩ĳǽɻľ롣
ֻΧҰһƬ̹;ټϾĹڻֺ룬»ľ룬´ʱΧʣǰ
ʮ׸ߵĳǽǰʼ죬չȥľ뾹һ߼ʣ
Χǽ֮ڣ¥еӰأɾ
߰ɣվֻһǳضѡǿҪ磬ڽµġ
ķֱӴҶȻļϣޱȼᶨ˵
ҶȻ˿ص˵ͷ


277 
һ߼ʵĳǽ£ڸſǰŶС
Щв㳤ȫǼҵĹģ
Ϊ˱֤ǳǵЧʣڷӵµ״ֺĳǽ֮£ÿҵľ룬һų֡
ȻЩŶճרŹͨеĳţһս£̵ʱڣѸȫΪǽص©
ڴǬʷϣԽ֮տʼαٳµΣ֡
ΣֵУ۽һӵжôǿҲʼղ۳ǣɹǽ֮ڣûκ
˾ܹճͨеĳż࣬ȴûκ˻˶ǳصķ⡣
ʷľǣǿĴڣʼıڲⲿѹʵϵ
ȰڡϸʵһеĻ
ķҶȻ켣һŶеˣһ𻺻سųȥ
ÿһſڣһСӡܹʮأЩĴڣֻΪάǵڳֻҶѣǵ˾˭ֻЯʲôûκʿ̲顣
˵ǳػ϶ȡǷˣǹӦЯ·ﶼκҪв֤
ԳŵڱõͬʱͨеЧҲʼռߣܴ˷ǰҪǣԼҪ뿪˼࣬Ч֧£ѻڳ֮µȺʼձһԽϵ͵֡
ҶȻķŲ˳ǽ֮ڣЩ޷ţǵĹ̾Ȼ˵ļ򵥡
ǡǾȻʲô飿
ҶȻķ֣ķųһվȥһһ߿ڵ
ΪʲôҪ飿ÿǵӴҪȥĲЩ·֮Ķ⾩Ҫֱ뵽̱ˡ
ķΪ˵
ɡʲôĻǾͲ³𣿡
ķĽͣҶȻЩ޷ܡ
ܳʲôأҪףӽ£ǬǿЩޣʮ֮߶סǳ֮Сս־ԼӿĿǳҪһȫĵطôһǾû֮һΪһ֮ҲҪڳһ㹻̬ȣΪһһǿĴݡҲڵĽͼ֮ڡ
ķ˵ŻĹѾҶȻվ
ռʵǹھˣֻԼ˫ȣôͨ˵нٶȣǾһһҹҲѴӳǳصһͷߵǳصһͷ
ھڣվǷǳ𱬵ġ
Щضˣڽ뾩󣬻ѡվĹߡ
˾;վڸڲԶĵطҳ˵ﲻ
ķһЩӴվһͨվĳὫ͵ҪȥĿĵء
Ȼ·̫ԶĻҪķึһЩӵġ
ķҶȻʼžĳȥʱò۵˾ĳ⣬վһǵĶ֮С
磬ܾáǾô뾩ڵĻʵ̫Σ˰ɣ
У˵ҪСһЩǸЩǵؿ˵
ڴǬڣһֻһ־ҵķӦ֮ǰڶɽķΧڣȴӿСɽʮǳأֲ㣬ֻصѡеļǳؽе飬ɵļ嶯֡κΡжʧܣϮļҵˣȫûûлӻһˡ
ԴһЩӳûлشͬѯʣ˵һ顣
֪ϧҪǵĳͱ˶ɽǣǶɽȻûôԥľֱӽϱ˴Ǭ۾İǰǬ֮ľڰע⵽飬ҲĶСˡʲôϵ
̾˿ǲˬ˵ͷʵ
Ҫ㣬ǬĹٷȻѾע⵽ǣôһģҿڵĶɽǱȾҪΣյĵط֪һжһѾһڣҵһҪҵĶǱץʱˡ潵ŭҶҪ֮أ
곤һЩ˵
ӲɵӣܵȥȴԾɱֻȷǶӿ޷ȷ⾩СΪʲôȴǳȥ飿⾩˵ְֻѾʥͽ֮Ϲڰ
ΪӸ˵ӿȻǾǶڵĿ󡣡
ðɡ


278 ס
ķҶȻڵ˴ʱڵҪȥĿջǰ
ȻҶȻǵһǬĶǣķһȴھסµʱ䡣
Զķ˽㲻϶ȴҲƬ档
ʱȥ꣬ھĺܶӡ󶼱Ϊģټʱ⵹תֵܶҲԺеļƫķܹסһЩȽɫ֡
ǰΪһƷĿջ
ķ֮Զջӡ̣ʵǺͿջĹϵ
ԭڣջھѧԺУΪѧԺĶ档
ѧԺĴţֻһ֮
ķҶȻѸøӸ˳󣬱̧˿ջС
ոսţʱһСŲ硢ЦĹ
ڿķҶȻ˶һӺС£ϵЦҲ֮ӲЩ
ķûǵСı仯ֻ׸˶ԷһʮҵӣǵСϵЦݣӽӲķࡣ
Ǯð£ͨκʱκεط׼
һ˹ȥķҶȻûжһֿģֱӿһ׷ҵС¥׷֮󣬻׷ķҪ֪Ϣ֪޲ԡ޲Ľ˳
ȻķѯʵĶ廨ţڿջĵСǱıûУɳӭģĸָϢȴġ
ķѯʵЩ龡ΪӣɵСٶܹشһЩ
û˷Ѷʱ䣬ķ֪뾩֪顣
ַԸСȥ׼ϴõˮС׷֮ķſҶȻ˵뾩ѧԺĴԻаµʱ䣬΢Щ硣Ҳպã£֮ǰ޻ԭڵջúõʵĳмĺô
ţȷʵоԼڵϢЩȣȻڻԭԪĿƷ֮ǰǰ
ҶȻ˵ͷΪͬķ
޻ԭص㣬ǵطԪŨͬʱԪȴ൱壬ԶطԪƽ͡˲ŻὫԭͨͨҰޣǱĬĸıɹʮޡһЩ־ᶨˣ޻ԭڴʱ̫ãǵطԪӰ죬䡣֮һϴ裬ϴҸһЩҩ㽫ڵԪƽϢ
ķһ˵ţһߵҶȻԣҶȻԱϵĲԼ˱ˮ
Ȼŷǳȱݣɷϵǣ޻ԭڶʱڵЧǷǳǿġ㽫ڵԪȫƽϢֱܹӴﵽƷʦˮ׼
˿ˮķЦе˵
䣬ķ·ڴȴһСһ̽ͷ
¿˿СһһƬãȻ
ķ·˵ȣŬĴ˳˫Сһޱȱ׾ķǰϡ
ӳڣҲȥ˽һµʱˡ˵СһʵѾȸոճʱ򳤴һ࣬ͬһֻСè㣬ཱུĺǿɰ
ҶȻСһǸȵӣЦݱ㲻ĸϣֽСһֱӴϱԼĻһظСһСԴһ߼ڵܹ޻ԭڵգҲܹΪʲô޻ԭԣԸ޻ԭھ֮١ҲǣôȫκӰһ㣿ľ磬ҲֻͣھƷ߶ѡţԸĻ˵ǾƷߣǾƷʦҲδﲻ
ҶȻڻСһƺҪůĻѳŬ˼֮ȴֺãСʱһ壬Ŀķ
ķСһʼ磬ʾĪȻҶȻ˵ĹЩ⣬ԭʵҲ֪ν֮͡űǣ޻ԭЩԪҼκӰ졣ʵ֡ĿǰھܵѹơʵѹƲסʱ򣬽ͻǳѸˡʱ䣬ܳ
µʱǾס
ûѧԺУսѧԺֻվʿǾء޵ĸ̵ҲѧԺģӽ̵˵սָӡȵȾҪĶĽ̵ֻǸ
ʼѧԺֻջҳԱԼЩоλĹӵܣҲٵһϰֲСƺľ⡮ʼѧԺѧԺΨһƽ񿪷ŵģֻпջġѧԺºֻҪμѧԺĴԱˡ
ķڽܵ
һŰɣû
ҶȻ˵ͷٶ˵
˸ոս֮꣬ǰȥСţڵõ˽ǹͬķҶȻ񣬽űٵָˣȥ׷ڵԡͰˮ


279 ڸв֪
׷Сһ⣬ԼԡͰϴԡ䣬ټϿջλþھѧԺŵĶ棬ס޵ļ۸Ҳ൱ơ
סһҪ֧Ļܹ֮ͨһµ衣
ķҶȻΪ˲ڳ־ȵ״ټпռ֣ϴŵ̲ʵ١
̶ֳȵĻѣʵЩ۲
ϴʱķҶȻŷֱӸԵϴԡ˳
СһҶȻǿҪ£ֻܲ鲻ԸıҶȻϴԡʱһɸɾı˳ȴήҡ
ܱҶȻڻֻС۾ȴʼտĿķ
ֻҶȻķԴΨбʾΪ
ϴȥһ·֮ϵķ糾ͣһ£ҶȻԺһЩķͬоࡣ
Ȼ˶ֺܽˣҪ£ҲӶӵ滷
ȻԱøɾһЩôȻ˭Ҳϲࡣ
СһȥҶȻķԼǽһֱڽָڵҩȡ˳
ڵõ͵Ŀռķ㽫Լԭŵöժ£ӵ͵ǼŽײεĿռ֮ڡ
ڿĶȻҲȫתƵ½ָ
ϾϴöָǱȽ飬öָζ˵ע⡣
ԣڵĿڱ̭֮󣬱㰲½ָĽ䡣
ÿ洢ٷµĿռָڣԱʡ½ָռȴǲʵֵġ
ռУʱеġΪĪֹ֮һ
ͨƿռΪý飬Ӷڵǰ￪ٳռҲֻУһЩǳǿĴڲܹ
ִռ䣬ӱ˵ȵǰҪһΣΪռڣûʱĴڣ
Կռд洢ĶᴦھԾֹ״̬޷洢κʡ
ִռܹ͵ǰ粢档
ͬĴռĻ˴˾ͻ־޷ųʡ
㵼ˣҪһռһռڣôռ봦ûд洢κζôռδ״̬֮²С
ΨһĽֻǣռ以ų⣬ռͬʱ١
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ķȡҩ󣬾Ȼȡ˴ҩĺ͵ҩҶȻСһõϣΪʵ
ţһЩЧİĵҩЩҴѪƵǵкôҩ
ķָӽָȡһѺһ׵ײ֮µĵҩ˵
ڵľ磬ܹƺĽں׵ĵҩ𣿡
ҶȻõĵϣֱͬһһѶѵķһҩüʵ
ڵľ˵ҩȥƵҩĻǷǳǿģϲܳɹôǣһѳƷĵҩҪģֻͨһЩ߲εҩģʹЩҩЧԡˣͬʱܵȥЩҩеһЩöѡ
ķһ˵ţһ߽һѴöһײεĵҩӵҩУѡһιҩ˽ȥż˵ҪһĻҩʦ˵ǷǳѵģϾÿһųƷҩѾﵽҩЧڲɷݵĳ΢ƽ⣬ҪȥĶĿֱӰѵҩٵ˵ȴǼΪ򵥵顣
ѽָеĵҩõ𣿡
ɣڲܹܵĵҩǺףѪȻ˵Ƚޣ־ȴǶġֶȻͨȥֲѾȫΪڣЩҩĸȫں̵ܶʱһܹͻƳΪôʣЩײεĵҩˡЩҩҲûã綼øǡЩƷ׵ĵҩڼ˵ҲǺõġ
ķ˵ĹҩѾ˶ԵһҩĻ¯ܣٿûʲô仯ҩЧȴѾ˱ĵҩҩ˳
Щҩպãķֽڶ¯ҩ˽ȥ
˵ģ˵ʵûʲôѶȣҲ൱٣ԼϵؽƣҲɶĸ
ķĶҶȻҲԼָеĵҩȡ˳Ȼѵķһҩ
Щҩоûк߽ϵĸ߼ҩʤӴֵۼһ𣬾һ֣
ǽŻķ䣬ҩܹһֻʮҵľӣԽֻӵսһ
ķ˼Щҩеľ󲿷֣ȴȫڶѪǵϣܹﵽЧʵڴ
ɣҴСһȥ˯һϴ˸裬Щ
ҩ˳֮ҶȻ㱧СһԷȥ
СһԾɿķûķ˸ۣε˵ôˣһĴɵأڸв֪
شģԷű


280 Сһɱ
ʱ䣬ķȫ˶Եҩƺϡ
ҶȻ׼ĵҩڵһʱѾȫƳķƵҩĹУҶȻһֱԼԷǱޣ޻ԭʱڵЩ񱩵Ԫ
ҶȻʼǱޣСһڻָԼɡ
ԵķƵҩʱСһһԣֻ۾˺ؿķһһ
ʱʱĻ̽ЩҩһᣬżὫеĳһŵҩֱӳԵԼĶӵС
Сһ־ٶķӲֹ
ΪЩҩСһ岻κλСһԼҲǿҵġ֪ΣյıܣǵҩĻҲȥԡ
ķעǣСһƺѾɹ˳ڵ״̬˾Сһ˯ߵѾԶ֮ǰÿ˯ʱ٣ϺһҪ˯ʱûʲôͬˡ
ʱŬķǽеĵҩȫŻ
Ϊ˴˽ָ洢ġʮ֮һҵϡҩġ
˲Сʱ䣬ЩҩӦôáʲôʱԼһЩҪȫдķ㽫ȡ˳ȻЩҩͼݵֽһԵȫ˽ȥ
ͬʱ˿ջλһӭǽĵСӸ˵СӣõСȥһЩز
ֱЩȫ׼ãķŽ뵽ЩزУдһڼż
żݿȥֻһЩûκлҳ
ض˳ȥĻῴһķҪݡ
ȻͿ÷ԼĶйء
ķ뿪֮ǰĸĶõһַǳ򵥵롣
ļңҲֻ֪뷽ʽ
ܼ򵥣ȴܱ˲⣬Ϊֵ˳ȫ޹ɵģֻƶ֪ˣܿҪ˼
ͺһԽԭʼߣԽǲױƽ⡣
Ȼķͬѧں֯
һ׼׵ķͬԷҶȻ˸кҶȻƽϢѾûô궯ԪȻ㽫СһŵԼϣһز˿ͷ
ٽѧԺԵӣԼĵѾ϶ǰִ˾
ڡսѧԺ͡ʼѧԺ˵Ҫ롰ѧԺˣġ
ˡһƷѧԺŶĿջȻ֮
ķŶߵջһ¥ʱպظվڿջһ¥Ĺ̨ǰ̬Щ̨ͬƹš
۵ƹ˵Ѿûпշˣص˿ڼʱĶཿߣǿӲķҪƹȥ취Ƕڳһ䷿
ÿ궼ᷢƹֻйµӦţķҲûйȥע
ӿջԺģļ䣬ķûķѶٹ򣬱ҵ˸һ䡣
ķԼҪʼĵĶԼҪʼĵĵַϸд˸ֽ˼Ϊ߰ķãеŴ˳
Ǭڵ·൱ڰս֮أǬı߽Сս²ϣΪ˾ܵϢݵٶȣԶ·Ľ裬ǬһֱΪ
ԭʼʱרعʹõģսΪʱϲεǿߣʱΪʹ
·ԽԽѸݷֻṩʹãѾԷӳ·ȫЧʡ
֮㽥ĿʼйٷҲ뵽·ʹõУԷһЩĶ
⼸ʮ꣬ǬĹѾչ˼ʢľ棬Χļңγɾ޴塣
Ա߽ܵѹʼɳڣԶʮǰǰ졢µս²
һӴ·㲻ɱĳ˲ֵԴ˷ѡ
£Ϊ˱֤·˳ͬʱҲΪֲֵܹľѿ֧ԭֻڹٷ·ʼ俪š
ŵܶ࣬԰ȫԿ١ӲֿŸʹ·δֹһʵʧܻʵݴ
Զԣȱֻһ̫
ֻķĳܷΧ֮ڣܽɷõʱ򣬼ķڵңҲɱĸоһ˿ۡ
ķûڸйµĴ㣬Ȼ෱ķ˵
һ˵ľѾͬɣһʱָһж˺̽뷨
ž𽥳죬ȴҲųʧȥԭ򵥵Ŀ֡
ķȱȱγԱȵģȴſϵСһһ·һֱԲ۾ͣתԼСԴ˷ܵؿһ·ϵ
ʱʱĻΪĳЩ޷ĶͣػԼСצӣȥץķͷ
ķôһ·Уһ·ĺСһţ˿ջ
Ȼû뵽ǣŸո˿ջĴţӭһŮӵľ
һһһµŮӱֱӳ嵽ǰ
ֻŮӵ˫ȴ㶼ûϣضϵСһ


281 ΪǵŮ
ÿɰʲôƷֵĳޣèֲԣèҪƯĶ࣬ҿ
Ůӳ嵽ķǰһ˫۷Ź˵ţһ߾ҪֱȥץķϵСһ
ķ΢΢üһһŮ˫ֱӱܿ
Ů˫ץգ·ע⵽ķĴһ㣬̧ۿ˿ķʱ¶ı顣
ץյ˫ջأϣŮΪֺ˵ιֻޣ￴ˣ۰ɣֻҪ̫֣ﶼӦġ
ķʱȻ˳ŮӵɫȷŮӲǿЦ̲ס˸ۡ
УǿջĴſڣôվð𣿡

Ůƺû뵽Լᱻܾ۾ķɫȴǱĸŨЩ
ߣٸһףΪĴҪ߼𣿸㣬ȻϲޣȴҲƭԩͷҪȷʵǳĿɰΪῴ𣿡
˵ΪӸ£ŮƣʵǹʢЩ
ϣ飬޹ء
ķϲΪΪǵ˶˷ʱ䣬Ҳûʲô¶ѿ࣬ޱ˵󣬿Ůûκ·˼ɴ㳯ԱߵĿ϶ȥ
ЩխȴҲǿܹһˡ
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ӶıܾʹŮӵɫֱסķ
ķһ䣬ֱӲȥȴʱŮӵȻһӡ
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ߵŮӵԣüķһۺ󣬿ʵ
ûʲôһ̰ļһѡҾŵֻͦɰģһôԶԼ顣û뵽ʵ̫ᣬԱ̧߼۸񣬵ɵ𣿡
˵Ůӻķһһĵɫ
ԭ
ӻȻĵ˵ͷ¿ķΪؿڵҽǬԶûҵ֣ôҲӦ˼ңϲޣˡǲԿñ˵ǬԶѹƽ񣬵Ҳñû̧ۣмۣһֻ޵ļ۸ʮͭ嵽ʮ֮䡣ֻ޿ҲʲôƷ֣ҾȡмۣʮӣҲӦûˡ͵һΣ
Զôܸô࣡Ӿ˲ˣһ̧ʮļ۸Ǹպ⣿
ûķڣŮȴȲ˵˵
˼ңҲһֻ޶ѣûҪΪôӣֵԼ죬Ȩļ㲻ǻҴ⾩𣿱˷ʱˡ
ǬԶİ˰֣žʹӺɰͳһŶʮƱݵķǰ
Ǻðɡļһˡ
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һ㣬ѧԱʮȷš


290 ǵľ£
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׼ֱӵͷӦٺúõÿο䣬չԼĺͰףԱǰעδǰ;һӡʱǬԶȴǺȻƽ̨ͬʱյĶߣֻ˲ܹ
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ʵϣλʦڶУҲʵԭԼž޴ȴѧѡ޷ѧԺˣľѧԺĴſڣ뵽ľء

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ķƽ̨ԭһվڽҶȻʱӭȥͬʱ˵Һһȥ
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ҲΪ㵣ģֻǷ򳪸ѡҼȻδޣȻҪһֱߡҾ
ҶȻƽ˵ôһ仰


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һɫۣϻżԵĲټɨ֣Ȼ֮
οټĹ㳡ϴɨȻûȥעҲɨۣ˲μӿ˵ЩѧԱһʱжϳ߾ʲôˡ
ֻϵжϣȴе˸Ӿȡ
ʲôʱ򡭡ѧԺˣָɨ˶廰ˣ
˺ЩԵʱȴѾɨ
ֱߵķǰ󣬱µĴķ
ϣڽѧĿˣǱ˰ɡ
λʦߵľٶ̲סü˵
֣ˣղŲѾܾѧУͨǵĿˣΪѧУѧҵȻ˵ʲôڼȻѾܾˣôҰʲôԣ
߿ûλʦһۣڻһɶķϸĹ۲졣
ڴյ̫ķоЩڡ
֪ΪʲôѾͻ˰ȫĿķȴûκηС
ķɻǣȻжϲǰɨߣʵ磡
ӵССķ˵ʵһ޷顣
٣ԴӵˡС֮󣬻ǵһ״
֮ǰһʱܹ֪Ӵ󵽿ֲϢͨˣҲԵϢǿ
ƫƫǰߣϢ֪Уȴһ
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ߺ˵ǣλʦʵ쳣Ĳ졣
ԭΪһʷǰŶõ飬ҲѾķ鳹׵ɢʱͻȻ״ʹıһЩ
ѧԺ񣿡
΢΢һ㶣Ťͷλʦһۣޱ˵Ҹղ˵Ļûͨ˿ˣΪѧԺѧҵǲѧԺ񡣿ɼȻûͨˣѧԺѧʲôֺѧԺʲôϵ
ȲϲϺأֻ˵ȻûͨѧԺѧˣôȻûʸٽѧԺһûͨѧԺ˵ѧԱߣѵáǶѧԺĲ𣿡
ߵ˵λʦǿʶλʦĻҲ𽥴
ѧԺĲأ
ٴ£ǱûκαȴǸһĨЦݡ


292 
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ҲｲʲôҲȥ׷֮Ծܾ˵ԭжôͰࡣ֮ûȤȥѧԺκ飬ҲĿһ츳ǿžˣΪЩ˵ĽףѧԺʧ֮ۡ
һ˵ţһߴԼĻͳһʽӵľƣȻֳλʦȥ
߳Ϊ˵λʦʶֽӹӣܵĵͷһۺԭΪߴʵ뷨߳ŭһĻ˲ʧӰ٣
⡭⡭
͵ĽӾٵԼǰϸϸļ˺һȷġα󣬴ȴһʱЩҡ
ӡΪʲôһ˵ϣ
߰ɣǲҪ㣬ͷҪ㡣
˹ȥ߱㲻ˣ¿ķ˵
еУ·ڿĳ䱦һ㡣
̬ķ̲ס˸䣬ڵΪʲôҪߣ
ʵ㲻ѧԺ𣿡
ǰɣҲûʲô˵ܹѧԺֻǽ飬ǱɵĿꡣ
ķ˵ͷʵʵ˵
شЩߵ֮⣬ٴγ˳ķߺȻǰһֱӴյķĶԣü͵˵ȻֻǸżɨģȴȨѧԺʦְΡҲ˵ֻҪԸߣôԺѧԺʦҲеκʦҪеĽѧƽʱһµؿžСҪǾˣҲԴȥ͵Ůѧϴͻ·ٺ٣ͷѧԺô꣬оʺ͵ᱻֵĵطôȤûУ
ʦְΣ
ķŵ˫΢΢ЩЩͷʲôͷ
ôҪԥٺ٣СӣҿͲʲôʵˣ֮ҪΪѧԺѧҲΪѧԺѧʲôɣҹţѧԺѧܹṩıصĵطɣȻˣѧԺѧѧԺʦȻƵĶ࣬Ҳ㻹Ҫǡ
ķԼ˵ĻûʲôӦߺٺһЦ˵
㡭֪Щʲô
ķ˫۳ΪȻ˵¶΢΢ЩӲ
ٺ٣ţͷʲô֪˻ľˣʶĶˣȻںܶ飬ܹĸ͸һЩ
ãҸߣ
ţǴѡ

ѧ˵ĹȻΪķԵʶͣͣҲӲΪν㲻ټǰ
ۿķߵ󣬻Ź㳡ıԵһѧԺŵķݶȥȻޱȵķŭԵʶĪ쳣꣬ȴǶҲûбֳ
ߴķ뿪ʱ򣬲ûиҪǿӣӦʱȴѾķԶ
鸴£˴ʱֻܽСźãܸоͬһֵɽ㣬ȴҲ޿κΡ
ǬԶһۣԺͷһȴվǾȰǰĿϣȥ顣
뵽˿ʾ𿼺˵ѧͣĿˣ¿ʼ
ǬԶǸûע⵽˵ķߵȥĿһֱķϣһֱ׵Ŀ֮תޱƽ̨Ȼ֪ЩʲôǿѿɫٿжϵĳľԲʲô顣
ֻǳǬԶ˼ңŮ⣬ȴûо
ķߵһ·ѧԺſԱߵһСķ
ⷿһ㣬ѧԺ֮ڣѧԺЩȫȻûκιĶԶ
ԺѧԺסŵĵطˣӵ㣬»һ㣬һǳԷϴԼһЩµĵطȫԷһ䣬һҵ⣬ססרһЩʵ飬ʱӦûò
ķⶰӣ߼򵥵Ľܵ
Ӧôƺ㣿
ķһߴⶰ򵥵ڲ裬һʵ
࣬ҪôҶСϡֻ࣬ͷϲġϹֻ֮Ҫ֪ڽҾС
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ķͷߵɫȷ߲ڿЦһʱȴΪߵ̬ȣ֪ôƺˡ
ˣԼڷ￴ɣȥѧԺǼһʦݣһٻ
ķļ߿˵󣬾תֱ뿪˷ӡ


293 δŵľ޴
ʱֻʣķԼ
Ĺģôһֱ𣿡
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꣬ķϵĹŹ֮ɫȫȡ
ΪЩ쿪ĻɡȻģ
ӣȻһ޴
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ǰһӶδŵ飡
ʵķ̾Ϊֹ
ԼѡõԷﻺ˻ֱ»ָƽķŴԷŽĵȥ
֪ǲӶԵʣķȻڷӵĵҳĪĺڴ
ŽִŷӵǽڣȻͨԪȥӽиӦʱķȷⶰǵϵĶ㻹ǵµһ㣬һ壡
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ķͬţǻЩ˵Ĵڣܹ˾޴ġҲУ
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Ǹ˸о˼Ľۡ
ʲôоƫƫķվĳָ߶֮ϣԱףԼЩһȥΪʦ֪Ļ޴ķˡ
Ÿָͷȴûͣ˵ҡ
һ͵֮һȴ赲ŵģķǳǣžܿǳ̣ѡõҲΪ߶ˣƫƫߵĿϣȴԿס


294 壨ϣ
ԿתȦ˴ŵ뽫ԿŵķվǽԿ׼ϡ
˳ľʵ̨һ·£ȳ֨֨ѽѽڵҵĻصУԵЩ̶
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ٴ˿ķתߵм䣬ڷŵĵط
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ѾϸϸĽÿһڶˣķȴɶĵĴ󲿷ֽṹݣúɽ֡
ϵṹ֮ӡĹ֮ʵĳĿĳ̶ȣ
ڷʦһֱһ仰˵ǣϣܴȫһģһġ
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徶ֱڷǰϺķǱ۾ԼڵϢȫ˳һ飬ְѴԳ׵ķſգ˫ۣޱרעٴͶ뵽˶ϵĽĹ̵С


295 壨£
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Ҳ֪˶֮ķͷԼע𽥵Ļӷ𽥵޷֮ǰٷ֮ٵͶ롣
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ҪһĻƻӵеҪĵõ֮ǿС
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ʱٴοʼţʼһɲİռȶĽתÿһ˵ȴǻоʱĳĵԡ
統ʹʱʱһһĻУꡣ
ǵҸĳʱʱȴͬ׾Թ϶㣬ת۱ǲ׺ɣ
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˵ʵгɾ͸У
ķֲ˲Լͷϸܵĺ飬ȴǱһֱ
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ȻĸӸոձƿһ˿϶ʱһɿֲӴϢ׵ͻأ֣
ķʧȥеʶ

ʱƣķǶӵĶѡԷͬʱӾȻһ޴ʱҲƵѧԺ¥㡣
ѧԺԺ칫⣬ŵĲ趼ֱӺԣƿԺ칫ҵĴţ˽ȥ
ټİ칫ǬӰ֮һѧԺĵԺԼĴ칫ǰеغŲˮ
ȻŶǳͻأڰ칫ǰȴûκķӦֻǿϰڷŵһļͷҲ̧˵ѵãʮһ̤ҵİ칫ҡ
µĻΪһԸط𣿡
ֱߵ˰칫Ķ棬һƨרõϣ˶ȣݵ˵
ŶѧԺ飬ģҡôˣʲôʱĹĹѧԺ顣
̧ͷЩɻؿһۡ
ѧԺ⸱ӣҵȻùܣȻҲҪͬ⡣ءҪһؼʦҪԺԵͷˣûȨ޵ġ
𿪿˵


296 ֵܣϣ
˵̲ס˾㵵ı飬˺һȷ𲢲ڿЦ˵ѧԺֻҶˡؼʦȨޡӦúؼʦȨ޶ѧԺ˵ζʲôǱ飬ҿԺԥĴӦ㣬飬Ҫһ㹻Ľ͡
ƫͷ룬㽫ڹ㳡֮飬ϸĽһ顣
΢΢üһۺЩȷʵһһμˣıҲáκζҲգһǶ˽⡣£ȴҪΪѧԺ֮⣬λӵؼʦȨ޵ʦ㲻Լ̫ð𣿡
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ϵıҲԼ˵Ļ
˳Ĭ£˵ȸһʦȨްɣؼʦȨʵǣ̫ұΪѧԺȥǣЩգðȴС
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ҲôϲˣСֶΡ֪ҲͬؼʦȨޣȴƫƫҪַʽǸСһʦȨޣǶһ١
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ⲻһϾԺȻҲȨޡȥȨ޵ĻվԲ˳ġҡֵҲȷʵܾûˡ
ʼ磬˵
Ǿ仰ȴ·˵룬ԭŵɫһ壬ĵ̾˿
ͬһѧԺȴʮû棬˵ȥ˭š
Ȼ࿴ߣȻͲҪĺáܣЩѧԺʲôӣҲӦȻԺӸλЦŵĿĸҲûжĸоѵüĻᣬҺʡ㵽ôģ
һ˵ţͬʱǰ㣬첲ܵİ칫ϣʵˣЩҲһֱڸѧԺڡΪǸСӣȻ͸Ŀŵľܾһ츳ƾˡȥҺѧԺһ߰ĵط
ҲЩĹжʲô
ıʣԸǰһŽ˵Ϊ֪ӣ϶ܹȥһǶʲôġҲһϲЩˣϲѧԺɳһЩ㿴̵飬ôƱػСҲ֤ˣȷʵˡôʱ䣬ǵһη飬û˵ôء
̻ǧ֮ѨСӶĵѧԺãѧһ첻һ죬ʦҲٽʧȥǱӦеļ֣Щ޷ͨһѧϰȣӶ̭ıһֱڲߣʦҲ𽥵رʴΪ˵õѧĺôӶһЩȥѧԺ군ģ
һƽӣֻЩһ
ô˵ءͷҽͷҽŵ飬ҿûġѧԺȷʵкܶ⣬Щ⣬ֻ÷첹ķʽȥôֵܶʱѧԺȻܹޱȽάȥĴʽֻ˰ˡ
һֵֻ˵ԼĲ豭˵
㡭ʲô
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֢ҪҩеһȫϣĽڵľƺܸӡǬԶǸС֮ܵѧԺȥʼѧԺҪԭ򡭡ڶ¡ԣǱȫ¶УǻһЩ
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ܵĽͣ΢΢һ㶣ʶһ䡣
ĸ£ȻֻһɢүǬԶСҲǸͷβĲݰվñӣǬԶҲһߣı߰µĶ£˭
ЦЦ
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͵شվܵϢ˲С𶯡


297 ֵܣ£
Ȩۣοڵ֮ңη֮ı͵ӵջжҲµͷȻ뾡һа취ȥӽЩ취ǷɻҲһϧӦҲǼµģԸȻὫνĴͳ͹
һȻı飬ӦǱСĶࡣ
û˵վܵĶ棬ɫһͣı֮󣬺Ȼʵ¡Ĳˣ
šȷʵǲˡȻڻ֧ţʵѾ;ƿݵĵزϸ빬˱һΣ塭໹֧һꡣ
ܵ˵ͷ
ѵ²ֹµΪ̫ȻԸųЩΪس֮ĻҲ㹻١̫ʺ񣬵ǻ֮ƱؿԱֲҪĶµ뷨ʲô
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㻹λµԸ𣿱ŲԼǼõʲôֶΣֻҪܹϻλǱǱ¡̫ӻǸܺõس֮ȴԲǱҪġҲس֮ģôڱ֮ʡ
˵꣬ԼеĲˮһںȸɣ˵̫ӡվֻǱĥʯˡֻǲ֪󾿾ܹĥһѵֻмѵĥϡӣСĶز⣬УΪŮ⡣´ӱΪ̫ӿʼѾעԺ󲻿ܵǻʣλ£Զµϣ󡣡
ܵķֻһؿڣȴôҲ
ˣ촫ŸңºӲͬȥʼѧԺǻѧԺֻµݣֻ֪ѧԺ˶֪Ȼİš֤εĻλ֮ѧԺȻ뷨ʵˡ
ûĳĬǼ˵
صҲҪܵѧԺϿΣǡԽԽˡλ¡ʵ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ôϢԭûɢࡣ
վвʰɡԭһֱǬУֻСػߡűȭԲκʽȭκβ֡ɱ¾žޣԼһֻ֮ܶϣɡ˵ҲţʮѾ۷ľ磬šȭǿԺͳԽ𾳽ǿһսɡȭʵ̫󣬻ȭˣûܹʮģͻƳΪʥͽ˱㲻ת¡һ
Щп˵
Ҫ֮ҵǻʮۡʮѵԭΪģϣԼڴ֮ǰͻƳΪʥͽôǧ򾫱ɨ򣬾ֻǡ뷨ãʵȴܲпᣬ롭չֻһȥˡ
ĥ£ҲͨеĹؽڣɵ̾Ϣһ
û̫Ӳܵǻһλ磬ҲƱػѪɺӣǬԡѪѪг٣ڲö֪ΨһģֻѧԺǣεĶλ֮Ѿǲɱ飬ȻˣұһᣬѧԺеȫ¶Ȼ󡭡һϡ
һ˵ţһߴԼλվŤͷߵ˴ǰ
Ժ칫λѧԺߴԺ칫ҵĴ⿴ȥܹѧԺĽѧһš
ŵУ԰ܵһ˿֮ɫ
ֻգ۵Ĺ֮ɫ㱻Ȼ̬ȡ
㡭ʲô
ؿܵıӰʶĿʵ
ǶѧԺֻǱﰮķʽвͬԸңΪݲҪе̫Ρȴ̵ȥ⣬ΪҪ̫̫ĶۿѧԺЩ仯ʵԶҪʹࡣ
֮εĻλᣬѧԺ˵Ȼƽ಻ҪΣգҲδһλᡣεѧ֮ʽı䣬ȤҲȥ˽һ¡ĵɣЩˣѧԺҲкܶҪ
Ŵ⣬ͷҲص˵


298 ӡ
ѧԺ¥߳ʱ򣬱ܵĻͷһϷԺ칫ڵλá
Ȼ㿴վԺ칫ҵĴǰĿЩʧؿǰѧԺ
Ƕʮֵܵĵһμ档
˶һֱѧԺ֮ڣȴʼڻʶıܿ˴ˡ
ڳʮʱ֮ûͬʱҲûйκεĽ
һȻ̸ʱ䲢㳤˵ȴʵ쳣
ʱණõҲԭ˽ͬһ˵˫ޱİ
ϰͣڹȥʱ̱仯ŵǰ
ͱ𣬽֮ǰԺеӡʼͣڶʮǰǸҹֱ죬ֱԺ칫ܵһ֮ͻȻֵ֣ѾǴӵˣɹڡɳ飬ȴӲΪı仯ֹͣ
һ̸˵һϲ
ȻͬҲǡ
ջĿ⣬תƵĳԼķȥ
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ȻѧԺһЩʱڴʽʹѡżĲͬ˵˿ɵĿһµġ
㹻ˡ
ˣµĺۼˣںܶĿҪԶ˸ݡ
ɳȫζšԲȻζŲ١񡱡
㳡ϴʱѾһˣһμӿ˵Уûͨһֿ˵ĶѾľɥȥͨ˵һֿ˵ȫǰ˵ڶֿ˵ĵص㡣
Щ˲ι֤ͨգǻֱӱڶֿ˵ĵط
Ŀˣȫһ
һȻΪЩһ͵ȺѧԺſڵ׼ġ
ڵڶҪȵ̫нɽ֮ǰʣµġ֮ѧԺſڵټһ顣
ѧֻһʱ䣬۴ԻԶˡ
һֻܵȺһεѧˡ
Ȼ˶°ѧʱ䶼ֱӳˡǱԶѧԺ
һϸҪϣѧԺδ׼һ
ҪѧԺˣӵı
һڹ㳡ţһԺ˼źѧԺйص顣
Ժ칫ڣܸ˵Щ飬Щأһʱ䵹ûɵĸпǧеƸ
أµʱ򣬴ǶȴǺȻһԪ
ԪֵļΪͻȻ˼е΢º˲ɫ䣡
ֱӻһӰһֲ˼ٶȳǶӳȥ
վԺ칫ҵĴǰѧԺܣҲȻֵԪ
ĿֱǶϣüͷһ૵ǷӡȻҲʱѡ⾿ζʲôѧԺıлҪֵĶˡ
ʱھΧһͨլǰԷӺȻһ̶ܼ
ͬʱһ㶣űʱе꣬Ȼ󼸺ͬʱ嵽ҵС
ϵһٵĴ򿪣óһָͬһ
áŨԪӦ⡭ô£
һ˿ʾ֣һ𾪵˵
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һ΢곤ЩҧҧϵıЩ죬һֽм˷̬ܵ
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ͽС˱ʵһ͡
ѵƢɣҪǻ㱨ݽֻһͳĲ²⣬ǻ佱ǣǻͷǣ
ҲԡǡӦô⾩Ի˵Խ۷εǿ߶еģҪǵжĻǵͬѰ·
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299 
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ӿĴ죬ںܶ˻ûʶ£Ȼԭĺ˺һСĻڡ
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ӳģСһཱུӡ
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Ҳ֪˶ãķٴʱԺеִʹĸоȻУȴڴ˿͵ķ롣
Լ̫Ѩ˫֧ǿķŷ֣֮ǰԼѡõǼԷ
Ĵ󿪣ůֳҵӴ̫ҵĸ߶ȣʱӦø磬̿ϴƣǷĵķЩ
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Ŵķ΢΢һŤͷȥ㷢˫վԼԷĽ
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Сһڿѹ֮󣬺ǻĽһȻ굽Ļͣǰš
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𿪿˵
ķ΢΢һŬĿʼ
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ԼǹӿԪ£˲ʧȥȫʶ
ˡǸӡʲôΪʲôͷųԪǿֱܹεĳ̶ȣҡָоԪˣ㽫Ǹ·ӡ𣿡
ķüʵ
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ķСһ˼һص˵ͷ
һ⣬ܹ޸Ǹϵģ֤㱾ڷѧϵ裬Ѿﵽĳּߵˮ׼ôķѧǸ˭ѧģôѧģҺϣܹڷѧдﵽ˸߶ȡ츳ٸߣ̵ѧб£Ҳš
ûķΪʲôҪԸǸӡĵ飬ѯķķѧǴӺζġ
šһǲ֪ôܻܲ͡һ⣿Ψһ˵ǣڷѧһУѧġΪʲôϣܹӵôߵ裬šÿ˶Щ֮ڿڵܣԡˡ޷ش𡣡
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ع⣬վֻѡ
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ķͫ΢ڴﾹˡСʣȫûж׼
Ϊ˵˺һ״̬ͻƳΪʥͽ֮󣬶ĸѾﵽĳ϶֮ϣпܽ뵽硣
С˺һĹУ򵽵Ҳ˵򣬲Ӧ֪СŶԣ
Ȼûлش𣬵ķӦȻҲûв´
һ̾Īı˵
ȷʵӵССҺܺ桭ô֪ģ˵ô֪С
ķ˵ͷûзϡ
Ǹ֮ǰй¶ԪͨûκɱģӵССޣڸǹԪʱ򣬾лڿ״̬ôԪĸ֪ŻΪܵԪĳʡ룬ӦǺġΪʲô֪С
ٺ٣˻ʱˣܻ֪һЩ֪Ķһ飬Ȼ쳣ǿ󣬵һҪѧơ£Ҫ׿ΪбףԽǿȱҲͻԽһεҲǸ˸ѡ
ٺһЦı鿴мΪϲӡ


300 
Ľ飬ķȻ֪ԼվûнСǵ̫ȫ
ʵ֮ǰСչֳ̫ǿ˼صä
ڱôһѣķ©Ƕô
Һá
ĬĬĺķΪҵСһ
СһĽһȻԼС۾˳ķķŲ塣
ֻҲأĳޣʵǹͨ͸Щҷ·ܹڣܵĳֲָֻֿоԣҲȷ֮ǰΪܵԪĳԵʱҪƣֻ޻װͰ͵Աߣ㡣ҲòȰ֮󣬲Ž˵ҡ
ĿСһϣô˵ţԺȴǸ档
ķʶĵһѣķϿ֮ܣ˵ʵΪôܹ꣬𾪵ʵѾټ٣ƫƫķϣĪȴǽ
ķЩ˼ɣֻķĸоûκĵطԴӴȻķ㹻Ρ
ڽ֮ǰ˸ûм
ȷʵͬһ㣬޻ԭģϧǣҲǸʲô֡
ķĽСһ򵥵˵¡
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Щ˵ƺǾԼɹİһְ㡣
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ʼûжԼŵľٶʾɺŭ⣬ķ̲סĿʵ
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һ˵ţѾߵҵԡ
Ҳʦ׿ҲҪμӣ
ķֵʵ
ε׿ԣʦӣΪ¼ʦȻǱҪеġ
ӰѾʧڣǴ⴫˽
ԽԽĽŲķûټȥǺѧԺйص飬ǽСһӻ𣬷ŵԼļϣű˫ۣʼϸĶڵ֪
ΪŴѹ֮󣬾һֱоԼƺһЩ仯ֱֻ仯ԣټкܶҪнϵʱ򣬲üȥϸĹ۲һ
ͷ֡ԼȻ֪ġѾﵽһƷʦľ磡
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ûѾĳϵļޣʣµģֻˮɵһѡ
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⿪ʲôЦûпʼ
ķ̲סš
֮ǰ޻ԭϵõȫµʽؼ󣬲ûеһʱѡǽ˲ǰ׶εĻķ׵Ľڻͨԭģǵȵ˾پȥ
ȴû뵽ֻǱǹӴԪ뵽˻Զѡ
ԼͻƳΪʦûпʼʽؼҲֱĪľͱ˵һʽ
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ҪĻԼ޸ʲôÿû¾ͽ⿪ӡԪԼײβ͵ˣ
ײײţǷַӾܳΪʥͽ۷ˣ
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ķĬĬţȻ֪뷨ǾԲܵġǰ£ķ̲ס²ۡ
ǡˣ


301 ˲žһ
СһķʱѾٽ̫ɽˡ
ı仯ʵķ⣬һʱ䣬ķϸļԼÿһϸСһһġΪʲô©һЩӵ״֮Уȴûб֡
ɾһĵ̺ʽķóΨһ۱ǡûκ⣬ϵıնһ㡣
ļȴķ׵Ŀò˵ʵһֱ
Լ޷ʱұıܻǲı㳯Żķȥ롣
յĽѾ֣ǵһʱȥš
Ϊ޷⣬ԱȻɡ
ķĺôǣȻɻỳɣȻȷԼܵóȷĽۺֱԺ󣬲ȥ롣
ķ˵ܶ鿼ǵֻ̫࣬Ѱգζ
СһѾôˣøˣ˵ʲôأ
ֱֻСһǰȵҸ£СһǰķһЦǺǵ˵ţһ߳ѧԺ㳡ķȥ
촺ԵĵڶοԱӦöѾȥ˹㳡ķ㰴Ľǰȥ
ȻڸҪҶȻȻѾٽ̫ɽҶȻûйȻζѧԺҶȻһбİš
Сһƺķѯʣ۾գգ󣬺ǿɰƫͷڳһ˼ı飬ŬԼֻצӣ㵸ѽѽ
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ȿȣˣ˵ҲһǰԼ뷨ȡһɡͽ㻨Σ
ķСһ΢һĥֱӿ˵
СһԵĴ£С϶ʱ˷ŭɫֻǰצٵĻѽѽĽԵЩҡ
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СһǱߵı飬ҪȴԼûķħƣͽ͵һСһ·˰㣬һݵſķĻС
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˲žһ찡
Щͨ˵һֿ˵ˣ˵Ĵ³һֿ˵ĳضȥķЩпĬĬ߶š


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ҹľ壬ҹɸҲӵ֡
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ʼҪ߱ǰᡭҪˣǵǮС
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˿󣬵ѧԺڽĴҴԵĹУƷʦԼһʷǰİƷʦϢѸٵھ￪֮ڵĸķ
ĴУļҼ鷿ļҵĳϰ鷿Щϡ
ԼҵļϰڷŵЩֽûκһ˿ڷԡ
鷿ڰҶţÿһʶľܷŻ
ڽ̫ոɽʱѧԺĴԽѾھڹΪ
ֻǽ̫˼飬Ժܶڵ֪ĵһӦɡ
žȷ֪ǻʵġǵȫǷ˾Ĵ֮ЩʼչעѧԺԵȫ뵽˷֮У
ΪǶǳѧʱӵƷʦĿѧԺʷУһҲֹΣ
λնɳΪ۷ε
οһεĴǰδеĳƷʦһƷʦڣ
ŵǣƷʦƺϻҪѧСһ꣡
ԻڵһʱȷϢ֮еȫж
һܹõԴȥ̽صı
ʱļҼϵļֽصģ㶼Ǻصݡ
Ʒʦеһûв鵽κεıϢô£
ļҼϸؽǼֽϵݷ˼֮󣬺Ȼڣ鷿ڵĳš
Ҳ֣ڵõ󣬻רȥһθ飬ȴûκ鲻Ϣˣͷ·ƾճ˾һ㡣
ڿϵǼеһڻش
ôһƷʦأΪʲô˵ƽͨ˼ҳӵܣΧҲƽȴܴﵽƷʦĲΣȻȥĻûκε⣬ֹɵĲһ۾ܿԾĵϣõʲô壿
ļҼƽ
ȴͬʱͷϵɫҲû̿
ˣҲ֪ġʱ̫ʵǲ鲻мֵĶһܹ죬Ʒǲ鲻ǼƷܲ鵽ĶҲͬΪޣ˶̵ʱ޷ȷ鵽ЩΪ޵ϣǼ١ǷǳɣЩܱܿƳһ
УӦǵλߵһλЩľ˵
ʱҾ͸˵Ҫõݡûõݣ˷ʱ⣬καãûҪ̵ʱҷӦ֮ǰȥӴǼǰǣǱ㹻İգǶ𣿡
һ˵ţļҼһ߽ϵǼֽȻһһµ˺Ƭ


303 ˣϣ
ҡˣҾáȻʱȷôǲͽĿ׼ΨһȷĺˡҡλΨһչֳƷʦĿļҷǳԨԴǷ֧һֱϵӵܵδޡֻҪܹΨһİƷʦ֣˾ǴˡҲǿԽܵġ
λߵ̧ͷ͵ļҼһۺСĽ
ҶȻȻҪµģҲܾôɽҲͻƳΪˣǺҶȻǳʡɣ峤ϣȥһѧԺһδδѻԼתɽɡҪĲ㿴ŰС֧ӵܣǱȽϺô򷢵ġҶȻ츳ŮӣҲӵе˵ġ
ļҼü󣬿˵
ǣˣȥá
У̬Ϊӷ׵һλվΪǷӦ

ѧԺĵڶ죬ķıӾ
ɢһ˿ڰȻЩ˪ͺѴ򿪣ĳȴû˿⡣
ܷ˲Ѿ˻׶εĻۣѾԿʼԸļؼϰÿҹͨ˯ߵʽķ˵ѾΪϰߡڱܡ
־Ȼ޷ڶʱڿЧջȥƱػΪ𵽷ǳá
ǿԶһͣһġۼӵĹ̡
վڴǰ˳⳿¿ʼѧԺУ԰ķ˸ͷ۴Ȼ˯ŵĻεҡҡͷ
СһϢԽԽ˯ƶ˲ģ۵СӺչķǰ
ķǣ޷жϳСһԱ
֮䣬κе©٣ͬʱҲеλ
֮ƺǼͦ顣
վڴǰоһСһԱķŵĴԷţ˳ȥ
Сһ໹Ҫ˯һʱҲŻķΪԼŪһЩǰѡ
ԷڳķֱԹһ㣬˵ڡ
磬ڿ˵ڶοԱǵĿԹ̺ķ»صⶰ
һֱϣһΪϲĽ
Ǽ򵥵ѯķһЩϢݺ󣬱ͬķʼѧԺ
˵ѧԺֱӸķʦݣԽѧԺڵЩķ޷ͨѧѧԺĽԼһЩѧҪصĹ
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ĽͣѧԺʦӵеȨ֮󣬽Զķ
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ķȻסôڵһЩ鼮㶼ķȥۿ
ڵҩԼĵ͹ߣҲķʹá
֮Уķ˲߸㲻ĵطʱѯ𣬲һһĽ취
֮˵ķܹѧĶԶѧԱѧУܹѧĶö࣬һӵķ㣬Ҳӵļ򵥡
һ仰ķһѧԺšӴɨһǰ;ޱȲùְҵ
ķԴ˱ʾɣ˵Ҳ޵ֻɱû֮ڿڡ
ϴͷβΪЦݣɼȻͷͬһ㣬ôһЩеĪëƺҲͿˡ
˲ûĵ̫ѧԺڲĽѧʽѧԺȣͬҲû˿ἰķʽĳΪѧԺһԱʵԾɴںͿ״̬֮С
˽ԭҲһ͵飬ķż
һ·˵ڣûнκѡķֱӽϲĵһȻǰƵĿ
ܹղڵڵЩ鼮ÿһǾƷ֮еľƷķһڸﶼﵽ˾Եĸ߶ȣЩ鼮Ҳܹռ䣡
һں֯ڣķܹЩ޷ղᲢۣ
Ȼ֯Ӱ֮УӰ鼰ʮÿһǳأվֻһɱ֯ϰڶ֮еˣҲԶǿ
Ժ֯ȷʵзǳƷղأЩղʵǳƫġ


304 ˣ£
ں֯κζļֵߵֻͣȡΨһһ׼ǾǶɱֵĳɳͶĿаɱĹУܹ𵽵ãǴС
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ķʱ˫ۣԼŸողμѧԺѧԣļұֱһʹ߲ư
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ķбһۣȴû˿Ҫ˼ٴοͷЦеļʵԭ峤ϣ֪峤ϴܵѧԺңΪ£


305 峤
󵨣ķȻѾ֪峤ϵݣΪλݣܼҷ𣡡
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ķһЦеı顣
˵ĶʵȴӸоԼܵ˲Сð
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ھļұ˵з֧ǰӦǵһȡڵϺüȵġǷ֧峤ҲҪмӣοֻǷֱ֧ϵӵܶѡ
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ķϷʱ䱦ûˣƤӣ֮Թ㣬мҪԸȥֻҪãô㷽ŶϷ򲻾ľٶϷ򶼿ԿˡҲԸЩĺô֮һԸıĻᡣ
ķ۾׵гһ죬ϵЦҲԽĲ
˵ϣһҵĳϴϵܹԭΪΡ
ԭ󰡡
˶ôķʵǴһ۽硣
ȻҪϸ룬ھļұ˵֧嶼һλ̬ƺҲȻˡ
ֻķһʱЩ벻ףļұȻʲôҪͷϡ
һֱɳһʲεĳϣ飬ǼС£
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Ǭļҵķ֧壬룬Ǳɣ
ǳʱһֽڲִ̬
Զھļұ˵ǻ֧ӵṩ÷֧ӵܣΪһӡ
ϸ˵鲼ڴǬǳ֮ڵļҷ֧רŸļұṩֵĸһ㣡
κһļҷ֧ڳӵ˲ţôļұֻҪһ޳ɱ֧ıԱݣͿԽҪ˲ɻС
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֧긴һꡢԹ޻ڵȻļұڷ֧巢Թ
֮˵ļұˣѾЩļҵķ֧߻ˡ
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306 ԲĹ
ķȻһ㣬Ⲣζܹ̹Ȼǰֻ׵
΢΢Ŵͣķ𾪵ؿǰ峤ϣ֪ļұһߣȴҲû뵽ߵĳ̶ȡ
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˼ǣҰδóȻһΪļұӵܵĻΪûɣ
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԰ƷʦľѧѧԺʷǰĵһΣˣԺƱǻŨصıīͲעƽӹһܹӵеģ𣿡
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峤ʱ·ҲϸҶȻչֳ츳ֻҪĳɳвǰزۣôδϻĳΪ۷ǿߡ
ŮӱȻĸģôĸԸġһעһƽӹ˽飿
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ķҲţվѾѧԺʦ𲻿Ŀļҵ˴ߡ
սãֺαԼ֣


307 ֮
ķǺ𾿾жǿҲһֵܹ˵ġ
ķڵϣ˿峤Լ˵ķӦ
ȻڵԪױ۳űҪķֵʱһɿֲԪȻ˲䲼ӣ
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ķѾܵűߵĻٺЦ˵
ߣѧԺȻļң˵ļˣĴǶѧԺѧԺҲճ鲻󡣲ƽ޹ʵģѧԺҲϲ׵ȥǣСӣѧԺڵĺ̨Ժɵü顣
˵ǲˬıѾȫʧǸ˺ķһЦݡ


308 Ǳ峤
ķ΢΢һûķ˸ۣŻ»صڣǱʣ໹ûһݣֱӿ
Сӣѵ㶡Ҳ𣿡
ķûһѾߵһ¥ͨҵ¥ǰ̲סʵ
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Ĵļ峤ϣܴӸʵļŲǰʮ͵λ˵ĻȴǾصġļܹԼ飬ȻǷǳӵġĴ˶ӣҲȻȥλδޣѵͲλο˵δޣȥ𣿡
Ҫһ㣬ļҵģǾļҵġļңļҡȻԽƯŮˣȻ׷߾ͻԽ࣬ƯŮԶϡȱԴڻǽȻȻʱڳջ֮УʵջҲԽԽ˾ܾ
ķ΢΢̣˵Ȼкܶ࣬ҵȻǵĲġȻԼᴦãҲ⣬ȻɧųĳֽޣҲǻɱ˵ġ
˵ķһЦ¶ԼһɭȻİȻ㱧Żŵȥ
һվһ¥Ĵ﷢˻ΪȻ֣ķ˵Ǿ䡰Ҳɱ˵ġʱɱ⣬ĸоһ˿壡
Ǿֻеɱĵزܹƣ
ƽʱѣһҪһľȻ
ǡһʮꡭôɱ˶ˣ
ǻ֮ʵر𣬿ƫƫȴķϸоһ˿ѹ
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Ȼ֣˵ûȷʵӦþĶķı;һϸĵˡ
ѧѧԺŵѧԱͽ̵ѧԱķʽʹѧԺѧԱĶرȤʲôˣȻѧԺѧˣǾѧԺѧһǲʵ
ڶԴʱҲһֱǱ̬ȡ
ȴͻȻ֡ķľʵﻹֵһᣬķֳʣȴòʾ̾
֮ǰʮУδκһεˣܹͬķһ㣬ֹ֮һԵѹ
ǲǡӦȥôܾáСľһ鷳أ
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ѧԺ촺Խ֮ĵڶ磬ѧԺĴ⣬ɻͣһЩ˴δԱ̭ȴԾɲԸȥˡ
Щ˵࣬ҲǼʮ˰ˡ
ȫܹ˰ٶ˲μӴ˴εѧԺԿˣķһ⣬е˶ӵʦ֮ϵľ硣
ձѧԺ¼ȡģȴֻٳͷ
˰ٶ˿ԣٳͷ¼ȡէһǸ͵¼ȡ
ϸһ룬˰ٶ˿ǬڣʮУѾΪμһȺˡ⣬ĳɶ¼ȡʣһɥĲ
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䱳б룬ȴøżšʵˣǵյ£ͬһ֮֮
һ˵ĳɹܻѻ𰨰׹ǣϧǺٻῴµļѺᣬֻ޵ȥͷ֮ϵĻԻ͡
ܻס˫ۣٱʵȻ㷢֣ܶʱԶֻ룬һʹõ̫࣬ӵе̫١
һطû׼ȥڸСԵ̯ӣ洦ǧ㾺еͬţôټ򵥵飬Ҳ֮ޱѺ͸ӡ
ӡףˡ
ʣЩԸȥˣֻռṷ̋ʮ֮һҡ
֮ԳٳٲԸȥȫΪвʡ
չֳǱǷĴУǿ԰϶ı֤ѧԺġ
ƫƫҵǣѧԺдΪһ졣ǺԭӦӵŹδļʮٿ壬Ӳĺе
ʱǡ
ЩǻѧԺĴ֮⣬Ȼ֪ϣãԺԲƣȴȻԸʼڴ漣ٵʱɫ˵Ĵ˴ѧԺĴ˳
ЩΪĿУĴﾶֱߵͣѧԺſڵǰ˽ȥǰĳϣ˦±ӣͷȥ
ǰԵʱЩûͨ˵ˣĴﻹᾡܵİڳһƵס
ûͨѧԺĿˣζЩ˲㣬ֻ֤ϣûĳͶѡ
ˣԺٶּԼ̤۷Ĵڣ԰峤ڵĸԱ϶Щ˱ԷǳѺõ̬ȡ
ʱ˿̵ĴȴҲЦ


309 Сһ
ܹǿϲ¶ɫѾ˵ıˡ
ԭǳ򵥣ķ˸ӺҶȻͬһ
ұܾıķﻹҪף
ķٻ˵˻Ự¶Իܲ졢зŭ衣
վйصڣ峤ҲǿһĽ
֮£ҶȻļֱǸЦļ峤ϣϵȴȻҶȻ׵׵ˡ
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ķĴһʱŪεˣȻͷʢȴվǣ֪Ӧʲô
һ˱ȥѧԺĽѧ¥ͨһѧԺʦҵʰҶȻ
ȻҶȻɻУĴ˵Լ⣬Լһͨ컨׹ı֤
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ƫƫҶȻû˵ֱ꣬Ӻ˸¥ȫʦȻ˳ȥ
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峤ϣҪɴһݣ͵Ǹķ˰ɣǸŷѣˣѧԺҲ̫ɣ
Ĵ˼ʱĳƮһ
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УֻҪѧԺˣֻһŷҲȥҪӳ飬˭˽жҪǸ鷳Ψʣ
Ĵԥľܾ⣬ԼĻŸո£ԺбȻһ뵽һӿ׵İ취
ķҶȻǳļҡôֱԱҵ壬ļʩѹļҳ顭͵ˣ
뵽ˣĴںԭҲǻ
ķվûпǱڶѧνӼ飬Ϊ»صҺֿûһĹٴδһ¥
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ܰķĻֻ۾գţҲ֪Щʲô
һ¥֮ķһ۱㿴ڴҶȻ¶پϲȴǰڳһЦݣٺųҶȻȥ
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ȥԷȿȡ͵ģðɣ
ķŵԼļϣ˴֣ٺЦ
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ҶȻҲֻǻԼޱ˵
ķһ飬æʵʵתͷǰ·
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ķԷ֮ڣҶȻ򵥵ĴһķĴϣڵžļҵңѾˡҾǻưոݣҪ׼
ٺ٣κвİɣļȻ裬ҲͬҸеĽѧԺڼ䣬ǲκγľٶ룬Ҳһνϣ׷ѡ
ķν˵ͬʱһĵĽϵĻ͵ҶȻĻ
Լ޽ڲٵоȻ˼ķ߿ϧûʲôá
ڱ͵ҶȻĻ󣬻ֻĽȻֱſҶȻϡ
ҶȻظŻϵëͬʱܹܵҶȻ޳ȵķʵо쳣ļʡ
׼ͺãҲֻһ°ˡι㣬Ǻ޹ء
ҶȻһ߸һ˵
ŶΪɶ£ٺ٣ܲܲСʱûѣ˰ɣˣ˸ˣ쾭ҺСһ﹫ƽۣѾˣл
˵һ룬ķע⵽ҶȻɫƣϵֱӽתƵ˻ϡ


310 ѧԺڲѧϰ
ȻҶȻעʱķϰ˳
СһΪķ˵̲סĿɰӣҶȻСһƽյԼձϲ˲䣬˵ֲͦɰġ
СһķĶʱһ̲סһǳ׵뵽˾С
˵£ιҪ˵¹ѧԺһЩġֱӱӦûûʱȥ˽ɡ
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ѧԺص飿ѧԱѧԺҪעɣѧԺʦҪ֪𣿡
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Ȼ֣Լʦݣƺѧʱ򣬺ײһЩԽС
ҶȻҲѧԺѧǵͬʦˣ
뻹ЩСء
ʱķȴҶȻĿΪ֣ʶԼıӣЩʵôˣ
Ȼʲô֪
ҶȻ̾˿˵ѧԺѧԺĽѧʽкܴĲͬѧԺڣûֱӽйڿεĹƶȣѧԱҪԼǵʦѧϰصĶҪ֧ӦСҪȡΨһʽȥѧԺ䲼ĸָ񡣡
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ҶȻƳķһۺԹԵļ˵ѧԺʦŵнˮҲнģͬʦÿ¶쵽Ŀȵ㣬ЩʦǶɷ䣬ҲΨֱӸѧԱκпܵ׷ʽṩѧԱ
Ҵˡʲôϵ
ķϸ룬ȻҶȻ˵ѧԺתķʽΪ棬ʦϵӡ
ѧԺʵеƶȣΪÿһѧԱߡ˵κһ㶼Ǳȥȡģѱ֤ѧԺпļҾһֱȥ˵Ʊǣѧ֮ѧԺרΪ׼һЩ޷ܵѧ֮ʱһԺ㽫ٲά衣
˵ҶȻЩӵؿķһۡ
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֮ǰΪǬԶѧԵʱ򱻿ѣ±ץסͷӶûܳΪѧԺѧ飬ķǿԽܡ
ϾԼҲȻɽЩ飬ʵķоˬˡ
ҶȻ˵ķΪΣյһЦڵϸ˵˵ʲôǣңҼȻйأô˵ҲӦǰ֪һɣ
ҶȻٴΰķһۣ˵治֪㣬һսһѧ˶ԽȡȻ۶˽ȡֻһΪ˭ս߸ɴͲܣѡȨȫ㡣
ŶѧԺǽЩҴдͲƽˡ
ķһȨԼϣŵ֮ɢһЩ
˵ĻҲʲôȷĸûʲô飬ҴȥѧԺɣһ̺ͷĵطٸ㽲һ£ͻ֪ôˡ
ҶȻ˵꣬㱧˻ȳķԷȥ
ķһ㶣æȥ
µһ¥ʱŷ֪ʲôʱȻѾˣͷܳȥҪʲôķҶȻУѧԺУ԰֮ڡ
ѧԺУ԰ռ㣬ѧУѧʦʵ˵Ǽٵġ
ټѧԺʦûѧҲȫʱִѧԺڸ״̬УѧԺУ԰ܹӰ
ƫƫѧԺĵص㣬Ǿڡ
ΪԵʣѧԺʱǬļгУѧԺ඼ᱻԹ
ԭܼ򵥣һЩ֮ҶòլԺϾϸ㣬ѧԺȴƫƫռ˹ڿԳ֮Ϊ
ؼǵУһַǳ˷ŭԴ˷ѣ


311 
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ϧֵûеõδǬ۾һεظеĵȫвһ⡣
ЩѾɽһߵĵ龿ȴ֪
ֻ֪֮Уһ˶ôȡůĻ¯ڣú̿⣬㾭ҵһЩֽűո֮Ļҽ
ѧԺʼձŽ֮ѾϰѧԺͬһš
ķȻϰ䡭ҶȻѧԺ֮УҶȻϸؽЩķȴʵЩĲɡ
֮¾Ӧûѡս⣬콫ҪʼеײԣҲǴӵʮλʦ֮һҡʵʦ
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˴ʱѾ̵ǰѧԺط壬̵ҪֵĶˡ
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ȻУѧÿ˻ֱӷһĻѧЩԺյѧں㣬һĶҲһǴĺáǶЩҾȽƶѧ˵һ𵽺ܴˡٿǺ͸ԣѧ֮Ĳࡣ
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䲼ĵطãķ֪طΪʲôȡôһ֣ҲûʲôȤ֪
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һ
ÿһڳѧԺ󣬶Ҫȡһſʦˡ
ſѧԺ˵ţʦȡͨԪ翨ڣӶݰ󶨵Ļڡ
Ҳ˵ſѧԺ֮ڣ֮⣬˶޷ʹá
þԵʵǼ˵ţʦϻƵǿƳûκεڶܡ
ͨע˽⵽õְ֮ķ˳ҶȻȡݿԼĵط
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ѧУ˵ĺԱŵķǳԣ˲ҪŶӣķܵ˺ԱĽӴ
ӴĺԱһ겻̫ˣڿķҶȻ߹㲻ҶȻ϶˼¡
Ůˣʱ򶼻ᱻҶȻòޣȡˡ
ķδ⣬ǾֱԼ֣˽Լݿ
ʵҪԼĿﵽж㡣
ȻѧԺÿ¶ʦнˮôӦò٣ҲñѧļɣôҲŪٵӡ
ķ̵š


312 
ʦһȫµ飬ķϲԼÿﶼ˼֮У൱Ͷȫµְҵ
ķֺûʲôӦЩĲɵĽһűķֵĿƬ˳
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ѧԺÿһѧʱŵĿƬǶģж˼룬ͻᷢŶٿƬ
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ķſƬԺѧֻͬ˵עȫҶȻϣԲûע⵽ֻΪķҲǽȻȡƬʱʵЩ
ֱ˽ƬȴȻһ̶ĵε˲ڻعȻؿԵϣָʾ޵ĺɫ̶ĵεġ
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ЩɲĿ˿ķֿ˿еĿƬæƬһ̨Уš١١ܿͨ˿Ƭֻ֤ҪķԼһ˿Ԫͨ翨Ƭ֮бá
ֻ˿ʾĿƬԤ˶ʱͬβһ㣬˹һһ
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ѧԺԼеģҪ󷽰
ķԺУĪĸһͷ
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𷢷ݿھ˶ݵĴͺܿͷӦ˹˵̬ȶ֮˼ı仯ٲ񷽲ĲɣǱϹϾĸķ˽֤Ͱ󶨵Ļڡ
һʦѧԺ˵ζʲôȻķǷǳԺģЩѧԺڹĺԱȴ
ǰƺ󹧵ı֣Ҳš
ݰ󶨣˽ԴֺõĽƬ˫ֵݸķȻ󿪿ڽ͵ʦѧͬʦԤǸýʦӵеļһµʱԵõ
Ҳ˵ķһʦһԴѧԺȡнˮǧ㣡
Ȼһ֣
һĻķֵ⵽ǧһĸ
ķӹԼĽʦƬ붵ͬʱźۼİѿƬ˿ռںΧѾΧһȺУ̲סǰһͬʱķ˹֣ڵķʦսȫ
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µݺȿڵսһģһҪķдһ


313 ߵ
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ͨĻһ񡭡޷ôɣ
뵽ķٺһЦɨһΧЩ۽ǵڷĳϤ׺ſڵӮֻ׬ʮ㣬ȴҪһٵ㣬ⲻôҶǿİУܸɡǿԽӣҲԾܾǱˣҲӦκ˵սǡ
˵꣬ķ˹֣ȻҶȻ·ҪΧȦ㡣
ϧķո𲽵ʱһӰȴȻ̤ǰһԽΧķǰ
ķʦαôżء˵Ҳʶˣϧ֮ǰȴ֪֣λǶѧԺ䲼ŵ֪ԭķ
ǬԶһƤЦⲻЦı飬ķǰ˵ѧԺֱ·񡣲нߵġȻѧԺʦѵӦѧԺİ𣿡
˵ĺеѧԺʦȷʵӦѭѧԺİš
ķͬص˵ͷ
ǬԶһַܿӦ˹ЦǺǵ˵ͬãôˣķʦѡһɡ
ΪʲôҪѡ
ǬԶһϵЦݱҲסˣ˵ղ˵ˣҪѭѧԺİţ
ǰΪѧԺʦȻҪѭѧԺİţûǴĻӦȷıעǱǣǷսȨҡҲ˵ѧԺҽܺ;ֲܾͬѡʽȻˣҾǾܾǵսҲѭѧԺİŰ
ķȻ˵
ǬԶؿǰķһ޹ӣҪԼȭͷʹķȥкĳ嶯
ˡô޳ܵز
ķʦ˵ЦˣķʦҪΪһ֮˽ѧԺǵİ֮ġȴлķʦˡ
˵꣬ǬԶֳֹķһ
ڵһ仰ȴ˲佫Χе˳׺ķĲϡ
ǿķĿ⣬ѾǬԶⲻĻΣࡣ
ķľܾôһҶȻ⣬ķΪǱĵˡ
⵱ȻķҪĽķҲûľܾ
ֻκ飬ҪܶĻȡôôȻܴӦ̫ɴǡ


314 ˭ɰˣϣ
ԿǬԶķۣװһΪѵı˵ԶͬѧҲԸӦǵսʵءϲƽĴ
㿴Ĺ涨أӮңҪһٵ㣬Ӯǣȴֻܵõʮ㣬ô㣬Ҷ̫Կ˰ȻʦݣȴһҶġҲû
⵱Ȼ۾˵ϹĿж㣬ЩȻûпġ
ķϹ˵İá
ķʦȻýƲƽҵи취Ȼ޷ģԼԸķʦһŵķʦѡһôʮ㽱ԸԼ渶Ҳ˵ķʦӮңô˿Եõ涨ʮ㽱֮⣬һóʮķʦȱķʦΪΣ
ǬԶһ˵ţһ߶ķɫ
ķɫ˵ݶͣ任±ޱȿ⡣
ߣҵǬԶǾͱк³
ǬԶΪӣȻѧôѧԺշϵ㣬һ㽱ڱѧ˵Ȼ޷ֵջ󣬿ɶǬԶȴʵЩпޡ
ǬԶҪﵽĿģǰݺݵķ
裬һҪԶ֣
ѧԺ֮ڣѧ֮۷κʽ䶷֮˵ǱֱɱǣҪ޷ܵ裡
Ȼ֮⻹һΪ˵ԭ
ԭ򣬱ҶȻ
ҶȻòԼҶȻڳʱչֳľʺǬԶͰģŮˡ
ķҶȻ֮չֳĹϵƺ൱ܣǬԶ²֮ǰķ飬ֻһѾķȡ֮
ȻǬԶѾһʱ䰲ķҶȻûһʱ䣬ܵõκõϢǬԶֲԸȺ̫ãҪԼķʽķҶȻĿе󣬳ױ
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ķɫһ任֮ȴֻһԲվԭأΪסķߴǬԶʱĽ˵

ķ°ͣһ󣬺ȻŤͷΧ˵˳۸𣿡
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ǬԶԭ˵֮ɫٴνס˼·ʵЩķпһת䡣
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⾿ô£
ǬԶͷĻڽۣɿķǰߺȡͬͷյİʽһ̧۵ӣʵ֪οֹ
ΪķбϣѱԭҪһĪ˼
ǬԶԤУ̲סڵĻȴģ²ʲô¡


315 ˭ɰˣ£
ǬԶֳĬķߺ£еĺһЩԭ˼ǬԶݵɵÿʼ
ȻӮķֻһĽųдģһֺܳԿ
ǡһıʤ֮սֻҪܹķѡкⳡȶôڳУκһ˻ķ
óķ֮սĶͷֻһְˣȻȥôΨһֻǣ˭׬һ㣡
ķڴһչֳ˵Ǳ¶ľ磬չֻǾƷ߶ѡ
Ե£Ʒ߾սʤʦͬԶҲܳԵèһ
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ķǷ˼Ӽ۵ĻȴȻûܹг㣬ķò㿪ʼıʱǵĳĬڱһơ
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ͣҪľִηľֺר˵þƴŸľ㻹ܲҪľ
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ڽѹǬԶһʹ죬ǵ¹Σͬʱ˵
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ķһЦеӡ
ǬԶ΢΢һɫˢһ£һƬࡣ


316 ôˣ
ϣҪٵһķʽ֣Ǯ׵һ취
࿪ʼýײ˺֮Ľʼ޷ԡǮΪⷢĸ顣
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֣֮κγ䵱ǮýĶ𵽵Ψһãܹ˵ǮȥİǲõԼȥǮͬǴ˹ӣһȥء
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ЩǮķʽҪǮ˵ûжĲߵѺҲỹ
뻹ǮˣŽȥٸ״Ҳỹ㡣
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ΪǬϥ³ӣھڣǬԶҲǼġ
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ǬԶŭյǣƫƫԷҪӱǺģûа취ܾ
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⻰е˼ԹأѵΪʲô𣿿һΪȫѧԺĹƶİѧԺ䲼֮⣬ҪṩĽǱ뾭ù֤ѧԺ֮󣬲ܹеġ
ѧԺָķʽϲ顣ӣ˶ԩˣҵӦ˷һλͬѧͲӦˣһǧ㣬Ҳذɡ
ķһί˵ţһŤͷΧȥѰ𷽲λƷʦ
ǬԶʱɫ䣬æһܵķǰʲôЦôʱıˣ
˭㿪ЦˣȻӾðѧԺĹ涨ȥ֤㣬㲻˵飬ҵȻǿѡκ飬ҪԸԲԣ
ķǰǬԶһ˵
ҡûвˣô᲻ˣȻѧԺ涨ģҵȻ˫ͬˣ
Ŷɫôѿ
ûע⣬Ի˶ӣ
鷳ǻӰ쵽ӷӣҪȻǵ䶷죿
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ǬԶԼҪˡ
ķȴһźҡҡͷתǫ̃ǰͬԱصǼǡ
㽱ߵսʦķǬԶС
ӣɲڲƴڻʵΪ밡ôС֮ĶȾ֮أ
ǼǣǬԶŸո˿ķǷٴδĶ䡣
ǬԶ۽ǵᡣ
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Ȼԣ߰ɣôˣ
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ķԼɧǬԶľٶͬʱѾǬԶ߳õĴţ䶷ķȥ
ҶȻĸķԣҲڱпЦú󣬸æޱҵȫ׷˳ȥ
ֻգ۵Ĺֻʣ˼أ
ǡҪȥ𣿡
һʵ
ȻҪȥʦ̫˼ˣܾһӻˮأǸǬԶ֪ӣƽʱ⾩ҲǸߵ졭ҪԴ
һ˷ܵ˵
ȻҲûۣЩҲ׷á


317 ľ
ѧԺ䶷λѧԺĶУڣռһǧƽҡ
䶷һ׵ľ޴䶷̨ΪģΧ¶ǧ˵һĄ̇
䶷ѧԺӵеΨһһ䶷ͬʱҲǾڡǬķΧһ䶷
֮սƻˣ䶷޴䶷̨ڲϵѡȡҲǷǳĿ̡
ټ䶷֮ѧԺר䶷̨˴ķģʹ䶷̨̣֮ԳܵסʲεǿȫʩΪ
ܹĳɱΪ߰ѧԺ䶷ĿȴϿֻҪѧԺ֮ڵʦǿʹ⴦䶷ġ
ͬѧԺҲȷ涨ѧѧԺΧڽֹκʽ˽ҪѧԺΧ֮ڽ˽ΨһϺ涨ĵط䶷
ѧԺ䶷ᴦڱõ״̬
ڡ
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ֱ䶷̨ϹۿսЧȻѣֲʲôʽ䶷ҲͲʲôرϸҪ
ҶȻǱСһվ΢һЩľϣСһֻĴ۾ͣ¿ǰټ䶷
ķʦ֮ǰھһƷڣֻĳ޶ѣôһССı棬㶼Ըңʱн죿
վ䶷̨룬ǬԶһı飬˫ȴҫΣյĹâ
ӣƺҪҺڵı飬ܿϧ벻ͨԼʲôҪڵĵط
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ٺ٣벻ͨҾȷĸ㣡ѧԺȻ䶷ĹֳֻǴɸ֮ģѧԺǲܵģֻҪûѧԺа취κáԽһᵱΧ˵棬ܵ㣡ûڲǬԶӵ£ۣ
ǬԶϵı𽥵رɫȡͬʱһֻһֵֻȭͷˡԿԡ
Ӷһս൱İ
ķ۾ǬԶЦ˵
ģⲻǷϻķʦȻǶ֪Ժǰ;ڱϾֻǾƷ߶ѣȴƷʦ츳ǱԶ޷ΪھܹӳƷߡҲԶƷʦĶ֣һСӶõԡҵȻĵġ
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˵ǬԶѾߵķǰֻķܹ˵Ȼҷŭˣ㵱ȻҪӦĴۡ裬ֻǿʼңν츳ǱûбĻᣡǬԶΪӣҪھһϢʧһ¡
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ķЦĺܳϿң˵ܳϿҡ
Ŷ˭ׯԽΪעΪע
ǬԶʱȤ
ׯȻҶΪעĶѧԺҪľ㣬ԾΪעˡҪӮģô㶼ҡӮˣұ㰴һ屶ıнЩ㷵ǶӮã㶼㣬һӮˣҪʮ֪Σ
ķЦеĽԼׯʽ˵˳
ǬԶĬĬһɫ˵ⲻ԰ɣ˶ӮľҶҲ׬㵽ʱˣҲֻҪǸԼӸɾͿˣ
ӣ˿ɲôģľһҪܵķǾ޴ģһϰɣ
ǬԶʶĵͷķ˵ȻˣҵȻҪһȡĻᣬƾʲôеķգľ֣κ飬Ҫһƽ˵ǰɣģӣ㵣ľֽһҲ׬Ҿ͸ֻ֤ҪľֳҸǻһǧ㣬ӮģΣȻ㻹ǲԸ⣬Ҿ޻˵ˣֱӴ˱ǡ
ǬԶüһŻĵ˵ͷ


318 ӣ
ľֳķǳ˳ǬԶͷ֮ͬķһʱ˶ľֵݣȻֱϷһģԼĻóһֽһֻʣд˶ľֵľ󣬺ǬԶǩֻѺľ־ǳˡ
ǬԶڿķȻֽҶЯʱɫԵķһЩ仯ҲĸоЩԾôⳡ䶷ǱʤģǬԶҲû롣
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ͬķǬԶģһͷͬ㶨һľֵ飬˵ҲЩɻ䣬ϾѧԺУ԰֮ڣǬԶӣⳡľִӺϷĽǶ˵Ȼûκ⡣
ŶԼãΧЩΧ۵ѧǱ㶼Դ˱˸߶ȵ飬ûκһѧ֮⣬˶ѡѺע
ķǬԶһʼԤϵѧһѷȫעѺķһϡ
һЩѧС飬ֻʮ㵽ʮȣɾѧȴֱӽͷϵһٵȫѺȥ
Ϊǿһ䶷ûκε
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˵ǬԶķǸûпǹ
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ķߵγԱȵģǬԶΧ塣
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һ㡭ȻѺķӮ
ҶȻעǬԶɫһܿ¶ЦݣڵȻͬѧαô£װ׵˷ûκ塣ģӮķԺ󣬻һԭⲻٻġ
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ȷʵЩǬԶķȴɲ֪Ҳ֪ŽĽǬԶǷܹܡ
һߵķͳׯеעû뵽һע㣬Ȼһǧٶ㡣
ֱٻ찡
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ķЩǣҶȻ⣬ȻһҲ˹ѺӮѡϡ
ѺעǬԶȻϲֻԽԽãķȴ࿴ۣһƵЦݣûκҪķ̸˼ת⼸վŵĵط
УôܹȥѺǸʦӮˣǸղŲǶǸ±ƸʦֻһƷߣεĶһƷʦôӮأ
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Ǿãʦһɵ𣿡
ΪеȻʵ
ӿ϶ǣѧУҲһɵӵʦ
ȻҲ֪ɵӣΪʲôľֵĿʲôĿ϶䣬ôôһľ֣Ҫװ׵ңˣҪôൽûطˣҪôǸ׳գҿ߶񰡡
ΪеЦǺǵ˵
΢΢һͬʱɫһ䡣
бӮİգǡǾƷҪôսʤƷʦ⡭û
ҲɵҲѧԺͻȻƹԸƸһƷ߳ΪѧԺʦôʦͱȻڲͬĵطߺʦ֮䲻ԽĲ࣬ҸԸѧԺ۹⣬ҲǼˣˣҲûʲô˵ġ
졭ʦо԰սʤǬԶε䶷ǬԶɾҪӿ˰һʮʣǬԶˣ͵ֱһ㡭֣ǬԶˡӣֻҪһծҲܹѧԺֵ°ꡣֱֱ
ڵ˵󣬷Լһʱ侹Ҳһʵݴˡ
⻹ֻҵĲ²ѣȿ˵ɣĻӵֹǬԶһˡⱻΪѧԺʷ츳ڵĻƽһһ붼ҪĶ֡Ҷ͵һ㣬ڳڵѧԺл𵽶ôҪãôʼ㶼ӵʷ츳ڵĻƽһ죬Ҳ֮Ϊʷһ걻̭ߵһ졣
ΪеЩп˵
һݣʶķ׷Ťͷķ
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319 ޴Ĳ
䶷̨Χսѧ뵽ⳡʤйصĶľ֮к䶷̨ϵڿʼ
ԭЩѧķǬԶĿĽֻΪ˴ո֣ͬʱҲ뿴ڴԹУչֳ˿ֲ츳ǱķʵսΡ
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¹㣬ÿһעѧָ֮ϵ
ȻȻıγ䶷ֵ̨ķΧ
ֻǣ˼بŲ
㣬ͻֱѡ䣬ȻһûӣЩӸҪ
ǬԶ־˵
˵ͬʱһƷʦԪҲ֮ͷ˳
ܺãֽܹѵķҽԵ˵ķ裬ܹһĻҶȻԽķ׬ȡһС㡣
ϻб˸оҸ
ڿӦûеġ
ķûлػȻԼĿĶѾﵽôҲûʲôȤǬԶѿ࣬˷ʱˡ
ԿǬԶǵı飬ķֻ˿󱩺һ
һƷʦľȻеǹӿ糱Ԫ˲䶷̨
ΧЩǶķܹƶ׼еĴ󲿷˱ϾڴԵѾܹһΣȻʱٴθܣȻò˼飬չ鲻̫Ծ
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ķڵԪױԪıķѹһʱȫͬʯһ㣬˲佩ԭء
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˵ƷôһƷʦˣ
һƷʦһƷʦɡֲԪôһ£
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ǬԶȻؿķʵ
ķԪ֮ǿңܵ˾޴ѹͬʱҲԭʮġһ˿ҡ
شģķѸ׵һţ
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֪ķٶ̫죬ǬԶķͻȻΪʦӰ죬ڷӦٶ½֮һŽʵʵǬԶϣ
ȻһķûгȫǬԶͬҲûκηĶʱͬߵķһ㣬ķһߵĵ˳ȥ
㵹ʮ׵ľ֮صص䶷̨ϡ
䶷̨ΧԭΪľֶķΧ˲ǬԶ䶷̨ϣ˵ͬͳһס˲ӰȻֹ
뵽һƬŵУÿ˶һ͵ģؿеķǬԶŸ߾˫źƣʱȴ쳣ĻЦ
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ԼķߵĲλǿӵǬԶɫǺĳķ
սѾʼȴڲͣ˵ЩûõķϻҲ֪װʲô
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ַӦûʲô󣬵ǡǬԶֻǰڳӭеķƣɺȴȫ¶ķǰ
׳գ󣡡
ЩѺǬԶӮУ˷Ӧ˹ǬԶ׾Ա֣ܻĴ
ǬԶܵѭתֻǲŸոתһ룬ķȭͷѾصĺϣ
һܵĳĳ˷һţΪһȭͷķûκ֣
ǬԶֻǸоһĵľʹԱ˲һƬհףҽûüƺһǸɴʧȥʶ
սӿʼһҲǼӵʱ䣬ķûʹκؼֻǳһȭһţͬʱչֳͬһɽս
ʣսĹǬԶķ֮ľףƫƫǬԶƷʦķսչֳԪȴֻһƷʦĲΡ
ھǬԶĵԣⳡ䶷ĽѾչ˳˵ǰУȼ⣬ȫһŵı顣
Ϊʲô䣿


320 ûдڸе
Զ㡭ôˣ
ǬԶķһȭΣ䶷̨ھ˶ݵ֮һȻ
ǸǬԶΪ˼ŮһĴΧ۵Ⱥг˳һѽεڵϵǬԶ˻ͬʱȥ̽ǬԶıϢ
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ȷǬԶк˼ŮԹ֮ɫĿķе
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ķ˸ۣø޴Ů˼ƽϣֻ̧ǬԶͬʱڵԺնԼ涨Ƿһ㣬쿪ʼҾͻҪԼѧԺƶȱģˣǶѧԺƣκξ֮ǰ˼С
˵꣬ķŮתҶȻС֣䶷ȥ
룡Զһ㶼㣡͵ųұĿ̼ҵŭɣ
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ֱķҶȻֳ䶷ʧ˵ߵк䶷̨ϵľ󲿷һҰ֮ɫĻع
ΪǺȻ֮֡ǰĳ嶯ʱ˿̣Ǿ˵ϣѾһĲûһˡ
ѧԺڵһϡвƲѧԺڷΧڶһڵһжκζȴܷȥһ㡣
ȡΨһķʽѧԺ·
Ҳζţÿһѧʱ򣬿Եõһ㣬Ǽġ
Ϊչѧ֮ĵ죬ǾҪһͳһײԡ
Եݲö֪ĿΪѧԺ׵˽⣬ЩǵǰĲϡ
һ㣬Ҫãȥ̵һ㣬һһЩڽײпܻҪõĶ
ڣϰȴһκֱһľ֮С
һ뵽пΪ飬Ӱ쵽ǽײеı֣ЩǱһҡ
Լ̰֮ģȴˮ
Щһͥѧǵǻãû㣬ЯһЩҩ֮ĶҲһ̶ֲһʧȻƷ޷ܹ򵽵Щȣչʤޡ
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ķҶȻȥһѧʼġһʧǵҲͬ䶷ȥ
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λʦȻ绹ֻһƷʦڵԪŨȻԪǿȣѾԶԶĳνһƷʦļޡܹӳʵսԶһͨƷʦܱȡǲ˼顭⵽ôģҴδ˵˭Ļܹ˺ʵ⡭Ѿܹķˡ
ѺķӮ˵
˵±ƸʦԭҲһԱֻѧԵʱ򱻶ĳѧԺʦڿһʵٰ
һǸп˵
ˣҲˣץʱȥִɣһһ̬ǵøŬУɲܶ硣
ѺķӮƺûнԼѺעϣûȻڻԵеǬԶֱӿкһ׷뿪䶷
ʱ䶷̨ʣѾ࣬Ŵ󲿷˶ѾεȥЩʣҲֻǿǿЦŽ뿪
Ͼܷʲô飬Ҫģ
ֻǼ֮ǰǬԶְ˽ŵĽǬԶӵ̧Ȼ䶷̧ȥ
ǺǬԶӴĿȻǬԶǵԭȻҲɾȥǬԶ£ǵȻܷǬԶܡ
ֱȫ뿪֮ټ䶷̨ϱֻʣ˹һˡ
վ䶷̨Ľ䣬üȻһ˿۵ɫѧҪСһЩ
䶷֮У䶷֮󣬶ûκһע⵽ӵĴڡ
·ǿһ㣬Ȼվȴ˱ܵȫˡ
ķǸ˼ˡһӾͰ˸ʮ֮ߣҲɵóȻˣײԣҾѡĶˣܾˡ͸
˵̧꣬ͷ۾ϵĽ


321 ҵӦ
ķӵļҪ䵱ӵʱ򣬾ļұ峤լԺڣļҼֱլӵĴڴ룬ĴﴹֶϹϾ
һƬ˼ʱʱĶյģһ⣬ʣµľֻǼ˴زһĺˡ
ļҼڴλ֮ϣֻ۾һֱĴȴʼһԲ
ĴȻһĴվǰʵϺȴѾȫ亹͸
ķʶ̧ٵķ
ĴʹŵһƬ֮̿ɫȴڲͣĶķ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮڳһ˿ͣļҼһָص˵һԵ棬ڵ峤ϣҹҶȻʱӦúڼҪԡ
ĴиСиΣ𷣣
ȻļҼž޲Ĵһ飬ˡͨһֱӹȥ
˵ӦòǼѵ飬ɺܶʱ򣬿ԽǼ򵥵ȴԽǰ첻ã峤ϣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ļҼûĴľٶǼԹԵ˵
롭ʾ
Ĵص
Ϊ̫ϰΪǣҼĳǰȥǸķʱ򣬻һ߸ϵ˵ˣȫֵϣվһѻ𣬶ѻҺܲϲ
ԼҼ˵峤죬ܵҪΪԼ⣬ߣӲı˻ȥ
ΪĴ̫˽ԼλǿƼԸ񣬵дʱʵʵϳϿҿҵϴôҪԵĳʹϻᴦڿɽܵķ롣
ԴʱѡԱ磬ôϲ㡭㽫ӭŭ
ȹŰɣλϣˣ˵棬ǻô龡ܵذɡҶȻļңûκصģһкܴܳɳΪ۷ǿߵ˲ţŮڼ壬Ҳö˵λҲ֮Ҫܿóһ³̣峤飬ֲ
ļҼٿĴŤͷλϡ
ˣȻȡҪ˵ĻȴҲûʲôļΪļҷ֧ӦԱΪΪҷǡķӱҺ˴֮٣һҪϳͲСؼ֧ѧĻļƱػҡ粨ľڣ
һϿ˵
еȴδԽӦδ˿漰ΪĴ￪ѡ
ҶԷ֧ԼԭҲûκǿƵĹ涨Ȼ޷ṩ֧κ֧֣ȻҲ޷˳Ҫ֧御ķһʱϳ͡򲻵ﲻ֧ĿģпܼӴ֧ڱҵĲ漰飬ضԴĺá
ûļҼڣһϾֱӱ˷Ե
ѵôķӱҵķ֧˹ңӣ
ȻУҪĻҲһʱ˵ģǰҪҶȻǸСֻҪܹҶȻΪұˣôķˣǻʵҪʱҸͷҲˡǰǣҪһʱ䣬ٲ֧廹ټô¶ʱ򡣡
һһλϲĵ˵ͷȻͬһϵ
ˣδСʣҲˡļ̸ڣѾɳΪܶ飬νǣһȫʵǲܹȥԣܹǸķʱã汾Һͷ֧ĹϵҪһ򣬻ǲɬ
һŤͷֳļҼֵ
õģԭҲûھȥǸķķֻǸСʲôʱʲôʱˣڣͷȴҶȻҪء
ļҼ˰֣˵
ˣҪҶȻ飬ΪӼ֡
еĴȻ
뽫ҵĺļ峤ϣҲʵЩܲס
峤кθ߼
ˣ߼㲻ϣһССĿǿԴ֣ȣҶȻϾķδޣȻķҶȻӦǵҪôǿֱȥǼ֧롭ǵļ֧ܲСʶ塣ΣɽҲѧԺѧǿýɽȥӽҶȻȡڶʱڣýɽסҶȻķġϾˣױŷɽԶķǸ֧ӵܿɱȣԱ£ҶȻϹ
Ĵڵϣһ˵ţһ͵۳˳ļҼɫ
ļҼȴһɵƵᣬãſڵǿף뷨峤ϣ»ȥɣҲǸĻᡣܹأ֮ǰĴҲ׷ٰˡԼ֪
ǣ˷ģξٳκ⣡


322 ΪѧԺѧ
ϣٶģԶ
һ㣬ѧԺҲ⡣
ķͻƳΪʦһƷʦսʤӵƷʦǬԶͬʱһľ֣󲿷ͷϵ㣬׬˸һɶ
һϢǳ䶷̵֮ܶʱ㴫ѧԺУ԰
Ȼ֮еķʵ㲻Ϻá
һľ֣ô󲿷ɥ˿ǴŭҪñ˶ԺԭҲֻһ
ķԼưȴǺ⣬ҪռıˣȻҪñڵ׼ķȻϲĶˣȴҲ㲻֮
ôһ֣֪ڰ֮Ŀб̭һǲûѧԺʼ͵һ㣬޷õκεĲҪʼײбҲ޷õһĳɼһײУܹõĽҲܵӰ죬ôƶȥһº֣ǰǿӿˡ
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ŰɣҩЩв٣Ҫ˷㡣ҴЩʺҵؼ֮ǰѧԽλѧԵʦȥѧԺԺԺ˼ѧԺҽչ˺ҽѧԺʼͨʲôʽõ˶㣬ѧԺᰴ˫ķʽٶһ㡣εĶľ֣ҵõӦǧ㡣
ҶȻķָ
ķ΢΢һʧЦҡҡͷѧԺĴϣĽ
ôѧԺﵱʦӦûǸ顣
ѧԺ塣
ǸǬԶĻᰴնԼ𣿼һѺӮˣҪһóһǧ㣬⡭Ҳòɣ
ҶȻһ⡣
ⲻҪĵ飬ֻҪѧԺڷģȻܵѧԺƶȵıһȥҾֱӽԼӸͷľͲҹˡǬԶٺ٣뾡κΰ취һὫϡΪ޷ɶԼôѧԺ涨ͻᱻѧԺϳ⣬ѧݣɳܲסĺ
ķٺЦ˵
ΪʲôһӣǱѧԺˣҲȥʼѧԺʲôӰ죿
ҶȻЩɻʵ
ǰһӣȥʼѧԺҪѧԺ㲻ⱾͲǬԶȻԼĿģĿģΪѧԺѧ
ķζ˵
ڽԺйھļ䶼һ֮ķںܶѾ˷ǳؿ
ǬԶһܵѧԺѧԭȻҲܹ¸˾Ųʮ
ʱЩĹϵԺ󻹻᲻ϵʱҲö֪
Լ˵ȿžͺá
ʲôһӱΪѧԺѧ
ҶȻ벻ͨĽʵ
ֻǲ²⣬˵ĴǬ۾ԭѾŲ˶ʱˣԵ۾ϥµļλӣ˼ȽϻһЩ
ķС˵
Ǵɻ䣬֮ϵٹΣһ֮Ľ׽˶֪ķڵݣ飬׾ͻɱ֮
ǱĻķȻһ֪ҶȻ֮ȫûκܣҶȻʣķ֪޲ԡ
ҶȻҲ㹻ϻۣķֻǼ򵥵˵ôһ䣬ҶȻȴǺܿͨеĹؼҲ˲ΪʲôǬԶѧԺڡ
ֻ׹ףҶȻķĿȴǸӹŹһЩ
ΪǣǬ۾ķô֪ģ
һ㣬ķ޷ֻͣװûпҶȻı顣
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Ҫô˵ˣҶȻð񾭲Ź֡
ܶʱ򣬻Եĳ֣ΪǱʵ
֮Ȼ˳ĬҶȻڻͬоյı仯ҡë׵СԴ˿ķ̧ͷ˿ҶȻֻС۾ȴһ˿ãȻɫ
ǲǴ㡭εĶ֮Щ飿
ûг̫ãҶȻֳĬ
ĻûãֻиԵ뷨Ҫȥǵ˳ƶΪʱҲ֪ô˵
ķ󣬸һģɵĴ𸴡
ҶȻ׷ʣȴȻּƱ˵ӭ


323 Ľɽ
ʱҶȻŻķڿտĹ㳡֮ϡ
㳡ǴԵʱһеһβԵǸ㳡
ӭļȻֹ·ô򵥡
ֻ·ĻЩȻҶȻԼķһľ룬˴֮ߵĽ֣Ϊ㳡ʵ̫󣬶ʱڹ㳡֮ϵˣķҶȻ⣬ֻǼӭӡ
ԷȻҰĵطҪķԼҶȻӭϣôĿȻǲʿ֪
ķͣס˽ŲЩɻؿǰ⼸ɱڵԽԽ
ҶȻķһͣûκεı仯ֻظץ
ǸоķҶȻֻ֮ص״̬󣬱±۾ҶȻץӡ
ӭһӣһǰ棬Ǹ󣬾ֱķҶȻǰͣ
վǰӿûķһۣĿ⾶ֱҶȻϣͬһҶȻѲ˼ĵ˵ͷ
츳òĽɽȻֻǷ֧ˣȻ֮ǰͱлԼЩ㲻⣬ȻĽɽۣǾˡӽ쿪ʼҵŮˡ
վǰ˺Ȼ˵
Ľɽ
ҶȻü
ûңļһε峤̳ˡ峤ϽѧԺӦø˵Һ֮顣츳׿ȻӦһ֧ķļң۱һǷ֧壬ֻĽɽ䡣Դӽ쿪ʼϵĻԼԶתҵϣԺδҡ
ĽɽȻĵ˵ͷȻ˵
ֵֻǣҶȻϣΪеġϲı顣
ΪļһĵһţĽɽȫǺŽԿ׳ģСչֳ츳ļ⾩ڣһΡ
ˣӶ¿ʼߵȻ㲻ȱŮˡ
Ľɽ˼άϰߵУŮ˴ĸӹֻҪĽɽԸͷκŮ˶ͬ˹ͷĹһҡβ
ҵδκ˵ɣû֮ͬǰҪɧҡ
ҶȻú˶Ѵָָ࣬ķ󣬱ֱŤͷƿĽɽΪ׵ļˣŹ㳡һȥ
ҴˣԼӦǰɣֱӻѧˡײԵѡ˽׶Σʱٰѻ㡣
ҶȻһţһ̧У죬һ仰Ÿո˵꣬ȴѾͷҲص߳ȥԶľ롣
ķɫһڣ֪ҶȻԼƣƫƫԼò
͵ɡѻҲ߰
ŻҶȻļϣԼ¶һԹı飬ҶȻĽнԶԽȻķЦͬ֡
ȥɻޣֱҵѪһ϶ѡ˵ġ
ķĬĬΪţֻǻûȰ꣬ȻоһŨҵɱ˲ȫ
ķɣ峤ӦѾ˵ĺˣ˹֪֮ҲϣԺҵŮԿ㣬ҿһΣ´Σңǽһܲġ
ĽɽһΣյĿķ˵
ԭվĽɽˣĽɽвķͬʱȻȻĽķΧ
ĽɽֻвͬȴڽķΧ֮󣬺ޱͷųһԪ
ƷʦһһƷڣ
ûͷųԪĽɽӵŶƷڵľ硣
ķѸٵǰһжϡ
ûͻʦ֮ǰԾƷߵʵһΧȦķòԵĽһ¡
ͻƵʦĪıѧɢֵĵһ֣ʱķܹӳսھƷ߾ʱʵѾɱˡ
ûǴĻѧԺعƶѧʦ֮Ĺϵȷ涨ġѧѧԺڱʦӦе𾴣ΥôʦȨѧֱӿѧԺġ
ķ۾ǰɫƵĽɽ΢΢һЦ˵ѧԺʦȴֻѧԺѧڵΪҾѾԱ϶ΪǶҵĲˣȻˡֱӽǿѧԺÿɺã
Ľɽɫ䣬۾ķ㣬Ͳ޴ʽ̬άԼЦϣܶʱҪӣνûõģû㹻ֻԼɱ֮ΪѧԺΪôһп޵ˣͺļҽ𣿡
ŵĲ´ЬģǴԡĽ㿪֮ѧԺǻΪУϣ֧ҵľǻΪνļҵĹϵԴ棬˵ҲЩѧԺѡء
ķЦеĿĽɽ˵
˿ûΪĽɽвκҪò˼
ĽɽǱķǿӲķӦĺ²̨ķֿ˺һصŭһ
ã֣Ǿưɣ
˵꣬ĽɽԥתȥķΧѧǷ׷׵ķһۺ󣬸æĽɽ׷ȥ
ĽɽòߣΪðա
˵ķֵȥðա


324 ŵĴ
·Ľɽһ˶ķ˵Ǹп޵СĽɽֳĸʵǳǸûбķķϡ
ҲԶûеҪķȥӺԴĵز
ʵϣķֻ뽫Ľɽһ˷·治һĺŪȥĻʵʲô¡
ӲӲķʽ⣬̫ķܹԲȥӦĽɽ
ΪĽɽֳָ߰ԴעԸе㣬ױƭ
ķûǲܡʵԸҲ
ļұڹҶȻϣʵ̫Щ
һʱ֮ڣ峤ϹҪתûԼĽɽȻֱҶȻδޡ
˶ֻοķԭͲһƢˡ
Ҫǻ̵ĻķԼԼ޳ܡ
֮ۡŭҶȻļұķۡ
ļұֽӶ裬ķԥıѡӲ
ԭ֮ǰķļһع鱾ķʽвһЩǳº͵ģϸ㡢ǱĬķ
ŽļұӴķԥؽԭԺ˼Щº͵ķʽͳͳԺ
һѾ׹߻˵ļ壡
ҼеÿˣȻķȻΪǺ޷ԽС
ֻļһعļұ壬ô󣬾ǧɹع飬ļҲ֪ܶٵίķԲܽܵ顣
ȻˣΨһİ취ֻǶļұ֣Ʋڵļұ壬һϴĻܸıѾĺ
ԼŭңñҽĶԼ֣ķҪﵽĿġ
һǿԽҵעԼϣȥɧҶȻΪպϴ·ʡ
ַʺʱõķʱöֻ֪ҪƾھδһЩµ˽Ԥ֪ҪĿģôѡ
ķһ˼ţһ߻ķӣȻԼǬԶŶԼӸ֮˿֮ޱȾʵɫһͷ˵С
֪ΪʲôܾڽײУпܻᷢһЩɿصıʣԳʱ䣬ǰһ׼Ǻõġ
ŲԭϵĴһЩҩǷǳ㹻ġ
Ŀռָﻹ˲ٶõԭϣȻֻʣһϵʱ䣬ͨսûʲôġ
ڿŶԼ֮󣬸һı顣
ѧԺＸʮʱ䣬ȴǵһ顭
һһ㡭˵ǸѧˣʦһóôķͷԸ⽫ծ񻺺͵ĻǬԶ·ķȻһԲľͰԼӸԼôĿԶ׼
ҪѧԺ̬
ַѧԺ涨֮ڵĶԼѧԺԼලߵݣشȷԼ˫ԼԲɵġ
ǡʵ̫ǬԶڸոսѧԺóô㣬֪ǬԶҪĴۡ
ֻ
ҪôǬԶѧԺѧѧԺѧݣôѧԺȻܲͷϡ
ҪôǬԶͺĽԼһЩЩѧԺ͸ȫ¶㣡
뵽ˣǰһ
Ȼ֣Լľȫûκε
ΪһǶȥĻķǸ˸鷳෴ķ͸һ
ѧԺԸ⿴ǬԶ뿪ѧԺһǬԶҲܽܵ˱ѧԺѧʧ
ȻˣŶԼǬԶΨһѡģֻеڶ·
·ܷǳϣѰҵͻƿڣ
ķƶһᣬͬʱʼԵɻǬԶԼ𣬼ĹһЩҲԲݾߣ
ͨһʱ˷ܣԭʱɢϵŶԼ˳ıܳ˴š
Ҫǰȥһ£ӦαǬԶԱ㲻źۼĴǵĿġ
Լ϶ǲԳģٶѧԺľ󲿷˵ֻһżɨݡ
Ҫ飬ҪѧԺʦУһɿͬʱ㹻ȥ
ʦǵ˽⣬ȻҪ֮ϣ
ôĹȴѾĴεĲòǰȥܼ棬·֮ǰʮʹûгֹһ㡣
йȻķڲͣ¶˵ԵʣҪԭδֵܣھʱϴ֮ѾܹĿʼܱ˴˵
ķĳ֣ʵֻһ


325 ֪˭
ķԼŶԼȻ뵽ô飬ΪĿĺֻܵΪǬԶʹѡ
ȻǬԶҪǵȻҪۡ
ķܶʱνıӦֱɱɡ
ӱĽǶ˵һޱʹĻţԶʹʹȥ塣
뵽Щ飬򴿴ǡֵɺϡ
˵ķҲ⡣
ΪǲҪȥעĶ
ڵæµһ֮ͨǰΪ˸ԶڶɽѪǺ׼㹻õĵҩڽָھ󲿷ֵҩԭϺͳƷҩ˸һɶһϵʱ䣬ķ󲿷ֶ˶Եҩϡ
ͷģֻǼ򵥵׼һЩѡ
һֱ˵ڶϣķЩ׼ǿ꣬ŪõĶһԵĶӵԼĿռָķЩƣĴӵ˷ӵĴš
𲢲ڷҲ֪һϵʱܳȥʲô
ⲢҪҪǣǬԶҪڽ㽫һ룬Ȼծ
Ϊȷ˶ľ֮ķڶԼһô۵
ǣһľֳȷĽôľʧܵһڴսǷµĶծ壬ͬΪӣÿһɶע漰ʮ֮һΪķá
ͬʱľǷµı𻹲õС
Ҳ˵ǬԶ޷ڽ컹Ķծô֮ÿһ죬ķԶ׬һǧ㣬ǬԶ˵Իһɱʹ졣
ķţֻҪǬԶѧԺѧôһỹеĶծ
ΪϵԽãͿԽ࣬ıģķԼǷծĻǾԲٶึһġ
˷ӣΧˬķҲ൱
ҶȻ˵ײԵķ׶ΣдѧԼѧУרѡİʮʦڽһʱ䣬ǰУ԰ڵǸ㳡ϼϡ
˴ײԺεײԶкܴĲͬΪ˴ײԣѧԺȡʵսķʽ
дΪһ飬һֳɰʮÿһСһѧԺʦԴӡ
ײԵݣСڸʦĴ£ǰɽ
ɽеĻΪһԡ
ķ֪ģڴ˴ײԵĴݣϸϢķͲö֪ˡΪҶȻûиĶ
Ƶ˹㳡֮ϣȻʱ磬ʱҲѾһЩǰ
ķĳֵһʱЩǵĿ⣬ǴԵĳΪѧԺʦںǬԶսչֳѹԵƣķбΪ˲֪Ľɫ
ЩΪķһľ֣㽫е㶼˽ȥǣķĸоȻ͸ӵĸӡ
˵ʹ޵ҧгݣȴҲûκκøС
ķȴ·ΧЩǵĿһ㣬ʩʩȻֱߵ˹㳡룬Ȼ˵һһƨ˹㳡Ǹ̨ϡ
׻˵վø߿ԶʵĸˣҲԿúԶ
ķһƨ̨ϣ̨ӱĸ߶ȣ㳡ϵ˱㶼Ѿ۵ס
ʱƣԽԽ˹㳡֮ϣʦҲʼεڵĳߵС
ķڹ㳡̨ϣµĿŹ㳡ϵԽԽ࣬ǰȴȻһӡ
ֹΪƫƫȴ󣬶Ҳʮߵģִ֮ôЩЭ
ķܸʶ㣬ҽһ£ҽԬ̣ҲǽͨԵײԣѡڵĶ顣
ֱߵķǰͷһ˵ŵͬʱһ̨߳ӱԵķ֡
ɫۣȴҪװϳɵģ˱ֿķ̲ס̨ĺԳԬ̵վһ𣬵ȴûκҪԬֵ˼
ֱ̧Ԭ̵ԴһԹϱ
СӣʦѧѧʦʱҪֻأӦóƺķʦֱӽķѡҵĶ飿ΪѡҵĶ飬ҾͻҪ𣿿ôһƨҾͲˬ
ԬһԹϱķ˫Ϊ˵
ԬķںǬԶ䶷ʱվ䶷̨Ľ޴ڸеˡ
ֻԬȻķ˵ķӦûκ׼ֻʶס˱ķһԹϱĵطɫǸޱȷŭɫ
㡭ȻҶִң㡭֪˭𣡡


326 
Ԭ̣ղŲѾҽܹôͲҴˣѧԺУ԰ڣʦѵѧ쾭顣˵ֻһԹϱѣҰ򵽰
ķƲƲ죬˵
㡭һҲֻѣֻûͨԵѧԣŻԵɺϵĳΪѧԺʦƾʲôѧԺȨ
Ԭŭ
ƾʲôƾ⣡ܵ𣿱۾ңҲûáҪǲȥѧԺңѧԺ᲻ʦݳ
ķһĽ˵ղ˵ģѡ飬Ǹ鲻ӭ㣬㻻һʦȥɡ
ʲô
Ԭ̶ʱסűЦڵķʦ㻹ΪɲɣһεײԣȻ˵ʦֻ𵽱֤ѧȫãֱӲײԱ֮⣬ʦʵǿѧײܹȡõճɼȻһӰ죡ԻеѧѡЩǿʦʵʦǰʮЩǻᱻͷ㡭滳ɣ⣬ܲҪ飡
ô˵
ķգգ۾֪Ҫзģȴû뵽ķ鷽ʽ˵ĻֻһƷʦľ硭ȻҪеʦס
Ҳ˵ϵ˼άѧѡһˣ
뵽ķȻЩ飬ɿһԬ̵ΪʲôҪҵ飿֪ˣ϶ѧɼģЩʵǿʦҪѧȻҲʵǿģûκμȥĻᣬԲŲòܵԲԣİɣ
ƨѧԵľƷʦȻһμģҸǿҲûмҪȥʦ飬κεѶȣʦģ
ԬЩܻĳķ
ȻãԼΪķ˵ĺķ顭һޱȴľ
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ŶѧԵʱƷʦ֮һĻ㵹Ҳǿʸѡҵ顣
ķϸشһԬ̣˵ͷ󣬿˵
ǿķʦϣʵײԵĳɼغԺѧԺڵķչλϵܺáųѧԺ촺УʷǰİƷʦҶȻһѡ飡治֪Īŵģ
Ԭҧ޺޵˵ʵеҪֱӵͷ뿪ĳ嶯
ܾЩ֣ΪķıʵǺ䶷̨ϴĸоЩͬ
Ԭûѡ뿪ֻһײԣܹɵӰϿԺԣúõľͽ۲һ£ķǸʲôˡ
ԭˣ˵ģĻԼΪʲôҪＷ
ķԬֵ̣ʵ
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Ԭ̺޺޵صķһۣԼһ󣬱ֱŤͷȥüķ
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ƫƫÿһʦֻѡ飬ԱƱػЩǿʦǰѡ
ЩѡֻĲ鲻Ը˶Σȥʦ顣
ʦȫ㳡˲ķߣȴһ塣
ȫɵķ鷽ʽȷʵʹûκһѧԸ뵽ķ
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ֻķԴȴȫκηӦ˿Լ䣬ʼȤĿŹ㳡Իҵľ棬Ԭȫ²͸ʱﵽЩʲô
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ķĺ޷ӦԬ̲סڳ
ֻδ£Ԭ̱Ȼŵһ˱ǣʶĻͷȥͿҶȻ֪ʱȻѾվ󡭡
ӿʵԬһԬ̱ܵһҶȻ˲һȫľ룬Ǿɫ
˭ϢĽӽ󣬶оһëȻġ
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ҶȻŻߵķԣֻǿԬһۣʵ
һΪǵļһҪ뵽ҵ
ķش
ǾͬˣãҽҶȻ
֪ԷķСģҶȻɫɵһЩԬ̵˵ͷ
㡭⣡ҶȻԸĶ飬ҲǿںĹϵϣ֮⣬˺һɵģ
ԬɫһƬǺĳķе
ȻƺעĵùգͺҶȻͻȻһ仰δȫµʱ򣬱ٴγһߵķԡ
ķʦɣҽг¹ԶʱƷʦľͨĲԣϣܹ뵽С
ƽؿ˵
ԬԭΪǺɫ˲뵽˴͵С
ķΪĿһۣŤͷԬ̣Դʼ硭


327 һԱ
Ԭ̾ԼҪˣķһ߿һʼĶԼܵĪð
ƫƫŭѹڶûκηйɣΪϸȫܡ
¹ԶԵʱһУչֳƷʦ֮һ
ڲ¡ԺҪ۷ǿߵΪʲôҲҪķС飿
Ԭ벻ͨ˵ԼΪķ˸о棬ҶȻΪķ֮ĹϵĻô¹ԶΪʲô
ѧʱӵƷʦľ簡ȻҶȻİƷʦôףȴҲ㹻
۳κһ죬ĴڣκѧԺҲһᱻһȥ
һ촺ԵǻƽһһҶȻôһԶͬõ漣ڳ¹ԶĴڣҲɶӰ졣
ѧԺҭʳȻһ˲ž磬ԬƷʦľ磬ȻֻǿǰʮԬ̶ԼѧԺǰ;ȴκεġ
һĳǿǱֻѧԺӵӣԴϸӵбԭӦñӵѧܵ
Ԭ벻ףͬ¹Զ֡ĿѡκʦΪʲôҲҪܹķС飿
һʦСֻʱǰķСԬ̵ʵڵһ
ʲôЦ
һǰʮġȻһСУȴ˵һ
СӦûһԱһƷʦƷʦɣ
뵽ԬΪľĿҪǼλǿڶ
㳡֮ϵЩѧڸѰҪʦȻǳĻңԬȥȴκҪĶ
ʶı죬ٶ˵Ļû׼ֻᱻ
ʵ֤һԬԼˡ
ϣ벻վķԼףΪʲôԬ̺ͳ¹ԶλаμĴڻ뵽С飬˵ȻҲĶķС֮͡
ŷ𽥵ĽӽβѾԼķ飬ķȴʼջǽվԬˡ
ӳ¹Զܹ֮󣬾ûκҪ飬ЩȽŵʦķ⸽ʵĺܡ
ǰúÿһʦѧķʽеԤУ۹ЩѧôĲԸ⣬Ҳջǻһ˱䵽ķС
ֻǺ֮ǰ˳˳ıǰȫͬǣһȴֱһ̲ű
ûûκһԸ뵽ķԵ󣬱ֻʣΨһһеС鶼δѡе˹㳡֮ϣ޿κֱѡġֻķԡ
ķС飬ҿһ˶˭ԭͷɥıͳ׵ıȡˡ
ŵķУ㳡̫֮ңÿһϣԼܹܵķһõ۾ʼڶЩʵǿʦ֮࣬ͬʱڶһЩѡʦ
˸ûע⵽ķ﾿˭ڡ
ֻǱܵģһ뵽ķѧԺһƷʦľ磬ûκһѡ顣
ȻѡȻҲͲע
ΪʦҲӵľ磡ǿʮʦʵĲΣ
֮ǿУȴĪĻһʦֻҪǰ׳գͶӦ֪ҪôѡŶ԰ɣ
ձеС鶼̭ȻҲˣķԵ˾˭ܵ𺳿֪
֮⡭˾ȻܹŽǰʮĶţ
ѧԺʷϣǰδӵаƷʦλŮӡ
ڷԼͬ˾˭һʱ䳹׵뵽˴͵С
ԭΪķû˻ѡʦСʵȻҲСеβġ
ҵֻܽһС飬ײУĳɼôĲҲ̶á
ȴû뵽ľȻͬ
Ҹ̫ͻȻȫûж׼
ιСӣôƺȻҪǵСˣǾҽһ°ɡģǲҪҲûϵ㣬֤εײԵһ߷֣ûʲôġ
ڵ˸ļһԬƽ
һʱ俴˳ࡣ
ԱһǿģԬ̵Ļᱻ֧顣
Һáûг֡
Ԭֱǰסļ򣬺ؿ˵
ֳֻ֮ƨζȴ˿
ԬǰԶǰȻǰķʦҡҽĪܸ˼С顣
ǽţͰ͵˵
ʶǣ
Ԭ΢΢һ㶡
λǰѧԺһμģԡҾͼǰǵ֡
ĪС˵
ȷʵһμǼСӺܺãǰ;ҿ㣡İɣײԸǻ죬ġ
Ī˵ĻԬ̶ʱãһĪļһŤͷΪؿķһۡ
ϧķ԰ڵľٶȴ粻˿̨ӵı۾ƺѾ˯һ㡭
ԬǸողЦݶʱΪ֮һϣʵҪķֱӱȭĳ嶯


328 
ޱֻҵķڳ˲ʱ֮ų׵
ÿһʦԣʮʵﵽʾʦԣվŵһоԵٮٮߡ
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ЩĿķΧļϺȴһɫ䡣
ԭں棬Ϊʲô֮ǰѡʱûڸҶȻͳ¹Զȴû뵽ķԿˣͬʱԱ߻վԬ̡ѧǰʮĶУȻķ飿
ʲô
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ѧԵʱʵܹϳ֮٣ÿһȴϳġ
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ֻϵĻӭûеõκǵĻӦ
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㳡֮һƬ
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ΪʦģȫǹѧײԵĹҪ飬ȴ˿ûἰʦײԵĹУܹṩİЩ档
Ȼһ㣬еʦӦģ𽲽ʦŻֱӺԵûó˷ʱ䡣
ǡķ
뿪ѧԺǰɽ·ϣķòƤסЩʦеһλȻϸѯԼ׵顣
ڱѯʵʦһıУķ֪Ӧ֪Щ
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ķǬԶôģһҹܹ֮Ｏ֮㣬֮УǬԶָĴۣҲûκιϵ
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עСڲĵ·һȥķС顣
ҶȻ䣬һ·ϱСһʼոķһԲ¹ԶҲûбҶȻ϶٣һ˿·ĹʼҲûκαϵı仯
ĪսսĸС󷽣ƺҪ˴ͷϣܹ˾ܵϤһЩҶȻͳ¹ԶǱһɫǰȴʼ᲻
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ǱֳĬĻԬ̵ԸȻͲסּįģķһˣǰɽ·ϣϱֻܹԬһ˲ͣ˵Ի
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һ㣬ķΪ
ǻ롭ҲԷӳļֵ
ٴԼĳԱȷʵҪһкյĽɫ
Ԭ̳żȽϳƨ⣬ǲûʲôë


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ķһ˵ţһ߿˳¹Զʵʲô𣿡
¹Զüëһһı˵飬ޣֱѹȥˡ

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Ԭ̱һʱ䷴Ӧ˹ȻԥĵȳŶԷȥ
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ʵãȻûڰʮСףȴҲȵ׸߳١
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ʵǿ˵ģҪ֪ȻţǾһɡȻʦСС֮սȴû˵ԼԱսӦòΥ档
ķһ˵ţһ߻ԼĲͬʱָǣž
Ԭ̿ķڿЦӣʱҲȤΪ˷ܵʵսĹУҲС˵أ㲻ΥԺ棿
ȭۣսĹȻûôأ䶷ֻʤ䶷ĹʧְҴҲֻԼѧղ޹ء
ķ˵
Ƕ˰ɣķʦԼ˵ģ䶷ȭۣǲСҲûκιϵ
ԬʱҶȻͳ¹Զе
¹Զޱ飬ֻǿķĿЩɻ
ҶȻȴ¶һ˿ͬɫʱԬڿܵ״̬УԲûע⵽ҶȻɫı仯
ĪȻְĳ䵱С͸ĽɫķҪĴˡ
ɣ˷ʱˣҿνƷʦʵǽֻһ廨ͷ
ķƽؿ˵
ٺ٣Ҳ㣬ƾʲôֻһƷʦȴȻѧԺʦ
ԬЦһˮֱӳķȥ


332 Ű
ԸǳƢҲΪԴ󣬵ò˵Ԭ̶սżΪġ
ȷҪķһԬ̱ûκζĶǺԥıֱӳķ˿ûΪԼľķߵö࣬͹̬ķ֡
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ȻһģԬһȭͬʱķȴѾȫ黯ԬһȭֱӴķ͸Ӱ֮ϣ
ͻȻı仯Ԭ̵ȴû¶κı飬һȭյͬʱȻŤͷԼǰλã˷ܵĴһˣ
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ֻҶȻɫʼչž޲ķչֳʵûκε⡣
˵粢ܳΪһʵսΨһ׼Ȼռ˺ܴıأһ˵ۺʵǷȫһγɵһȷʵܲⲻӦóΪ԰ԭ򡣡
ķһ˵ţһɿԬ̵ȣԬޱ𾪵ɫУԬһָͷ
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ֻζž޴塣
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Ԭҧҧŭ
һϰԽս˵ͻȻһԶԼѹŴʵһѽܵ顣
ȻˣȭɣһᾡԼҲҪȫԸˣҿɲܡ
ķһ˵ţһ̤ǰһȫ·ΧĻΪһ㣬ֻһ򵥵ȴƫƫΧ֮Ԫ
ķ˿ͺһŵһȭƽƽֱֱĴ
ûκλڵļɣٶҲûκγʵĵطһȭھ˿ЩļƫƫеԬ̣ȴķһȭͬʱɫ䣡


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ķ˵úɣԬȴòһ£·𷽲һȭѾһ㡣
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Ԭ̵Ҳڼʶķʵ֮󣬺Ť֮ɫıֱӳԼʧܡ
һƷʦԼѹƾĽûѹԼĻָʲôˡ
һԵҶȻŻ˹ޱؿ˵
ѹƾ磿ѹƣǲˮɵ𣿡
ԬһȻؿҶȻ
¹Զͬ˹ҶȻĽͺǸո˵֮ɫٴθ֡
ĪʱȻڵϣһľʯŴ
ȻѹƣѹƣͿ֮ܳΪǵʦȻҶĵطǲͻƣΪû취ͻƣҲͻƣΪҲͻƣ
ŷһȭ֮ķǳƨ˵


334 һε
治š
Ԭ̿ķǸӣҡҡͷıԼ
ȷʵû˵ͻƾʱͻ顣
¹Զüǽ𾪵ѹȥȻͬԼķ˵Ļɡ
ǶţĪأҲţ
ķŤͷɵڵϵĪʵ
ңʲôŲţ
ķѯʣĪŴӷһȭ֮лعһãȻķʵ
ֻӦȻĪûķŵ˵Щʲô
ε̾˿ķɴֱϥ˵ϣͬʱԼĿռָóһöҩӽ󣬿˵ȻǶţǾ͸ʾһ°ɡ
˵꣬ķ˫ִ˸ӡű۾
߽׶Ѿ㹻ĻۣҲѾ㹻ʵǿ֮ͻƳΪʦķڵѾȫҪٽκε
ۺͳѾ㹻ûκεƿķҪģ˳㽫ͻȥѡ
Ѫʦǿǣϴֱʾ磬ԿʼϢٵΪϴ裬ΪͻƷ˼޶׼
Ḷ́ʵһĹ̡
̵У߻ҪʼղϵĶи򣬺ศɣпܵó뵽Ǵ˵֮еʥͽ֮
һͨ뾭Ḷ֮́УΪ֮ǰĹгֲӣڿĳһ׶ΣҲ޷ȴǲ֪
۷֮·һ޴ĽԽϣܹﵽ˾Խϡ١
֮Уܹﵽ˼ޣʼϴ裬ΪǿߣǷëһĴڡ
ɴ˿ɼһ;ĲܹѧԺЩţһ϶ĿЩͨȻκһξӵ
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ⲻǿϲҪһ㣬Щÿһͻƾ綼ٴеˣʲô
ֻҶȻķ˸ۣȻŻߵǿ鱻ڵһľʯԣбǿʯдı߽ǣĸ
ҲһСĹķڵԪ㿪ʼɢǿȲԬ̺ͳ¹Զһգգע֮£ɵĴﵽһǿȵļޣ󡭡ûκγ͵ͻƳΪ˶Ʒʦ
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桭
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ĪʱڿԼǰڷЩʲôողվӣٴһƨɵ˵ϡ
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Ԭ̵ɫѾʼľļ󣬳¹ԶҲ޷ټάԼǿ㵭Ȼı飬鲻Ǿôö֮ķ˵ǰôɱǣҲԲţ
ķԪǿȼһֱͻƵƷʦľ֮Ԭ̲סһ
ûҡСĸΰʵִ̼ܲͻƾʲôʱͬԷˮһˣҡġòΰɣ
Ԭ̵ķӦ¹Զǵֻ࣬Ǻ۽һ鴤ӣȻ¹ԶԶֵôƽҲ֪ǻ˶ǿĽԼ¶ס
Īɵڵϣ˫۷ֱķ·˻һ㡭

ķڳ˿Լ˫ۡ
ͻƾ֮ǰµöҩʲôҩֻЧ
ϾҪͻ磬ľ᲻ɱĳָ̬֮ľϵı仯ȻӰ쵽ͻƣһЩϸС覴á
һķĿһ·ֱϣͻʥͽ֮Ȼһȱݶµġ
ʵķڵĻۣһ·ͻƵҶȻͬİƷʦ磬Ҳǲ
ֱͻƵƷʦĻɱǽʱĻһӷɾպվпһЩӰ졣
Կ֮£ͻƵƷʦңʺǰ״̬ѡ
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ķûĿһˣڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣһƷʦľƷʦľ磬ǰδδŵȷȷʵʵԬ̺ͳ¹Զܾš
ĪѾɵˡ
伸ֻҶȻɫ糣ǵЩҶȻķÿÿϵľ֮٣Ѿ㹻
κο˼飬ֻҪķϣΪġ
û취ǲܽҰοǺķһĻҪʧ
ôܸ˰ɣ
һķվһԪҲڡ
Ĵȴķսɱθߡ
ӿķȷڵԼǲʹؼܽҲԺƷҵ࿹սʤ֮
ƷڣҲӵһս֮
㡭𣿡
ķվԬʶĺһЩ͵Ŀʵ
ϻҲʲôѵǹ𣿡
ķԬ̵Դһ¡
硱һ죬Ԭ̱ܵסԼԴ֮ǰѧԺڱķôʱ¶ŭݲͬʱ˿ֱķôԬȴûκŭ¶һԹı顣
֮أͻ飬ֻҪ۵㹻ĸ㹻ôͻƱֻһΪĹ̡ܹѧԺȻһеٮٮߣ飬˵¡ѵڣǲҪ̫ϣܶʱԽһ飬ԽãҽһʦݣǵҸ档
ķԬ̵ı飬ִ˸ָ˵
¹ԶԬ̶ʱ¶˼ɫֻĪãȻ
ˣǵײ԰ɣ֮ǰͻƣΪ˸ǣɽɽˣĪ̫Դξž޵ţûĳɳ֮ǰûκ塣ϣܹﵽ˼ޡεߣ඼ʱʲγڵģЩʱһʱԶ˽ܣȴڳɳĵ·Уزۡ
ķԼı飬ؿżˣ˵ÿһ˵ʵǹƽġϲڸԶ츳ͬʱҲעǳɳĹн˿һ˳Ϊ˹עĽ֮£ǵһһǣŲ֪˵ģЩˣǵĵˡԣʵ̬ޱҪġ
ķѵԬһ˼ĵ˵ͷ¹ԶȴɫЩŹ֣Īֵ̿ص˵ͷ
˸ԲͬķӦķδ⣬תҶȻС֣ȻԼС飬ٴοʼײԵ;

ķСֱ߾룬һ֮ĵطǬԶɫڴ֮УСڵĳԼЯĸ
ΪӣȻڻϵ֮еĵλԺգǬԶӵһöһ׵ĿռָΪεײԣǬԶǽԼĿռָˮʳ
ǬԶԣ˼ңҲǬԶļţƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴƫƫҿڣһֹģʱбŵˣԱվŵԱֱʿˮ
ǬԶڵС飬ʵǿȴҲ
ǬԶƷʦ˼Ʒʦ⣬ԱӵƷʦľ硣
ûƷʦϵļ˵еİʮСʵҲϵĲˡ
ǲȡ׵Ĳεײԣյĳɼ㲻εۣȴҲʧ
ǡǬԶ㰲ȵײԡ
Ϊķһ䶷ʵ̫ˡ
ҵӵݣ޷ܣ
бѧԺ֮ڵɣҪѡֱˣ±ѧԺҲ᳥ծˡ
ƫƫôεĲԸҲ뽫ծ壬ΪծҪĴۻֻ˽ǣǱѧԺ˶˴ƣ¼ƻԼϳ޿ص⣬ǾǻҪġ
ǬԶޱȵĲģֲľһܵһ㣬ϵط࣬ԼҪ
εײԼȻԿôĻӦ˭Ҳ޻˵
޺޵ؽԼӽһºǬԶ˵
ôѧԺ˴ΰ˲УмܣȻ˭֮ǰλͷųԪѹжϵĻҲ۷εҪǿߵƤӵ¸һЩ飬ɹĸʲ󡣡
ǬԶһĴʦ˵
һƷҲǬԶЩծУ󲿷Դˡ
ߣ۷Ҳʱ̹עÿһСֻҪ룬һܹҵֵĻᣡķҿӵôңǲɱʵͷ֮ޣ
ǬԶǼֵ˵
ӣҪ֮ԽѧԺΪʲôΪ˵ԭӰ˵µĴƣӦ֪ġ
ӵʦЩ˵
죡㻹ûʸѵңѧԺҵľһУֻҪҾͿˣ֮ķĲƽ
ǬԶŭ
ӵʦһ˿ŭɫű˹ȥĬŻ˵ͷ


336 ɳ
ʱСײԹ̶еĲˡ
Ŀķ֮ƷԬ̡¹ԶԼĪԴķ̬ȶ˼ı仯
ĪǻãԭһֱΨΨŵŵģС˭˵ʲôԥĵһʱӦӦ˲ŻȥǱ˾Ҫȥʲô
Ԭ̵̬ȾʵһٰʮȵĴתˡ
ռСʱԬ̻һּΪ̬ȣΪķС飬ѾǸķˡ
ҶȻͳ¹Զļ룬Ԭ̵԰̬࣬Ŀķһľ󣬶ķֱӾΪˣû˿йӵ̬
¹ԶһرĮӡ
żʱĽӴСļȴ֣¹ԶĮȫֻΪеĳٶۺʹó¹Զô˽нö֮ģγָļӡ
ʵϳ̹Զӱ˵ȴһ൱ȵˡ
⼸ʱ䣬˻֮нʱ򣬳¹ԶÿÿһűȴѿڶһЩ˿ЦõĬֿΪģǳϲС
ΨҶȻһ嵭˻⣬ķܵõһЩҶȻЦݡ
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෴ںСսԬ̣ĪСӵãĳҪ
ΪĪ޵ʱһķΪ֮Ŀ츳
츳СһײԵĹУ˵һֻ޵ʱűĪչֳġ
һֻʵԱȼһƷڵķ籪
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֮£Īȴǳ֮ģһǷ籪ȥ
ٶɳ˵֮⣬Ԭ̺ͳ¹ԶڿĪŷ籪ȥͬʱѾʶҪֱӶ֣Ī籪ˡ
ҶȻҲͬ˱ܵҪӪȵֶ
ֻ˵ĶûȫΪûǶ֣ĪѾͷҲصĳǰ˰֣ͬʱֱߵֻ籪ǰ
һĻķСˣȫ˵
Īһֵԣͷ籪˽
Ĺ̿ķ˵Уɳ˻ĸоȴǳѰĺá
ֻ籪Ƿǳͷצץ˼µ棬ֳĪ˻һ
óŷ籪ѪڣĪǳĽţȴʼǿװ򶨡
գֻ籪ѡãΪĵĵĪһۺûɽ֮С
ֱ籪ȥ֮Ī˫ȷص˵ϣ˲һ亹ͬʱ˵ɫҲΪŶһƬɷס
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ܹһֻ鷳޽սķСһǳҸ顣
Դ֮ĪıķСɳΪͬ飬֮ǰǰ㣬ֻǽһҪȥչ˵Ա
κεط㶼ֻչֳԼӦеļֵŻõӦеء
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˼ֵޣĪǰȥ棬ȡҾˮˮûҪһֺõս
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ķһдﵽľ磬۹ȻΪġ
⣬Ԭ̼˴ûע⡣
ᵽĵ㣬Լ߼˸ķȻҲüࡣ
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һ֮飬Ԭ̺ͳ¹Զǵһķ֣Ȼܹĸ֮ڿڵˣ
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ĽӴķԼСļ˽ԽԽͬԬ˶ķĸоҲڲͣı仯ţĲм棬ڣѾʼһЩԵľηˡ


337 С
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338 
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˰ӣҪ֪֮˵ûôģѾĵ;ƿݵĵزǼ֣ҲǷֺġ
ԬЦ˵
⵹ǲδ˵ѣȻźոմսһС˶ЩģΪһֱȡӵսĲ󣬶˵΢Ϣһ£Ͼȫָ
ߣܲܶǣҪ֪ˣƤʲô£
ǬԶ˵
ã֣Сүӵı£˭ˣƤӹġ
Ԭ̲мƳǬԶһۣȻͷͬҶȻ˵Ƕ֣ԼһǲˣһĹӸˣȻôڳԡ
˵꣬Ԭָ̱ڵĳǬԶȥ
⻰Լȥˣôôģ
¹Զޱ˵
ҶȻ޷ӦĪһźߡ
Ԭ̣
ķǳͻأ𣬽ǬԶȥԬ̺ͣ
Ԭ̲ɵ¶ɻ֮ɫŤͷķʵôˣ
ǳ
ķ·ŵԼļϣɫص˵
ķʦûЦɣ
Ԭһ㵵ı顣
¹ԶĪҲ¶ɻɫ
ΪԷʵȷʵԶʱѡˣʵ޷⡣
뿪ĵº˵
ķһ˵ţһؿǬԶվŵʦһۣȻͷҲصֱӳźǬԶʱȫ෴ķȥ
ǷײԿʼ֮ǰĻԬǲôͿľķİŵġ
ǾЩദԬ̼˶ѾķĳϰԵ
ԾһŵʺţɿķڷԸֱ֮ӵͷߣԬ̱Ҳûκԥ׷ȥ
ҶȻ¹ԶĪķӦҪԬ̻һЩķߺͬʱ˱ѾķӶȥ
ֻôգ۵ĹСһ˱ֱ֮УԴûκ׼ǬԶǲɱ£ŭź쵰ռƣǻʲôܲеڲ٣
ûκ˻شʣΪķȥٶȼ죬ǬԶôһСĹ򣬱Ѿû֮С
ȻǬԶŭ󣬵Ҳķˡ
ģղŻҪֽѵң⻰Ҷأôͷˣô޳ܵزˣ
ԼŭûеõκλӦǬԶӵĻð
ϵ궯ȻǰûκİڷһͨƢǬԶͺһһ׷֪ͨǼ飬ԺΧķʽ׷ȥѾǻλãΧ£ŽеİΧǲܵԶ֪ɹصǣǾ̶֣ҪǶԣȰǲס˵ȺġҪļһ
꣬ǬԶ㵱ȵһķȥķ׷ȥ
˼Աæϣӵʦȴ̲ס̾˿ķ֮ǰһۣȫ͸ĸоʵԴ˴εжô
κǬԶ֣Ҳֻӡ
ǬԶľǷǳ޴ľ
ӵʦһ̾ϢεҲȥͬʱǬԶҪ󣬺ϵ


339 Χˣϣ
ķʦΪʲôҪӣǵʵֵһᰡҪǷײ֮ǰҶԸǻҪһֽţ⼸ʵֻһ˶֣ҲԿɵĶԸǣò˶ٵʱ䡣
Ԭ̸ķٵļţ̲סʵ
ʵҲֻǲ²ѣȷվоΣգ԰ȫǱܿĺáǴ˴ײҪﵽĿ궼ѾﵽˣûҪʱȥðա
ķͷҲص˵
ײԵһ죬ȵȥײԾͻȫʱвеС鶼һǰ㣬ڲеԪָ£ͳһ뿪ɽ
ķ뷨ܼ򵥣һʱ䣬Ĺȥ
ȻֻԤУ᲻ᷢķҲö֪ȽС£վǽһЩȽϺá
С޴
ʲôΣգֻһײԶѡ
Ԭ̺ǲˬһ䡣
ҶȻȴ΢΢ӿ˲ӣķƽλú󣬿ڵڵġЩʦ
ķһĬ֮Ż˵ͷ
¹Զʼոķ󣬺ķľ뼫ȻҲҶȻѯʡ
ķͷ󣬳¹Զͫ΢΢£ָֻܿ
վֻײԶѣѵǬԶָʹѧԺʦ𣿾£ͲѧԺº׷𣿡
ҶȻûע⵽¹ԶķӦǼʵ
СĵûģûѧԺʦİæǬԶҲһҹ֮õóô㡣һΪѧԺԸ⸶ôΪ۵ļһҾʲô鶼ó˵ǰɣԬ̡
ķһ߻شҶȻѯʣȴǺȻתԬ̵ϡ
ʲôʲô°
Ԭ̶⻰ͻȻԼͷϣʵûκε׼
ûʲôֻǾúеѡǬԶȻѧԺѧͷҲűĿİɣײԿʼ֮ǰڹ㳡ǰ㣬㲻ӦüŶԡ
ķͷԬһۣЦе˵
ⷬʱԬһ׹ķĽŲֱһģЩԬָٵļˤࡣ
òƽӣԬ̿ȴΪǱε˵ķʦԭ֮ǰڹ㳡ϡ̽š
ȻôһֻһƷʦʵʦȻ⣬ʵ벻ͨΪʲôбѡҵС顣͹ԶѧʱǾӢѡңǺûܵ㡣̽ĽԤûʲôȷʵĿġ
ķƽͣԬȫʱ龿ġ
ķʦֻǳںѡ֮ǰǬԶ֮ĶĶȤԡ뿴ܲܽչ鼺áҷģ˼ôģҲ˵ˣҺ͹ԶӦѡŶԣΪʲôֻ̽ңȴ̽Զ
Ԭ˵ǰ벿ֻΪԼͣ˺벿ȴֱӽ¹ԶҲ˽Щί˼
ҲΪʱദ˻֮䶼ѾһϤ˴˵ľھ⼸ĳϦദ͸ֽ֮Ҳ࣬Ż˵˵ĺ޹˼ɡ
Ϊʵ
¹ԶԬ̵ԣ˵
Ԭ̶ʱ˿Ťͷų¹ԶԶ˵Ƥôȳǽĵط񣿡
̽ԭΪĿĸӸӣڹԶĿӦǺܵģٿ϶Ǳ㵥
ķ廰شԬ̷ί⡣
㿴˵Ϊұʵɡ
¹Զһûƭı鿴Ԭһۡ
ʲôЦҵĿѾ㹻˺𣡱ҵĿĻʲôܹܲԶ飬ֻΪ˿Ůɣ
ԬЩץ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬ԾȲ˵ˡû´ĻԶݱȽ⣬ԼԸ˵ʱȻ֪ԼԸ˵ĻǾȱ״̬ȽϺá
ķһ˵ţһĿ˳¹Զһۡ
¹Զĺͻأ˰ģںԬ֮ǰһ۵Ĺһġ
⣿ô⣿
ԬãȻؿ˿ķֿ˿¹ԶһֱЩС͸ǱʵĪ¶˼ı顣
ķȤԬ䣬ɻûڣɫȴ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱȻ֣ͣ
һͻȻԬ̼˵һʱ˷ӦȴԾǰȥʮ׵ľ룬ǿֹס˳ơ
ķҲûкõȥȻıж屾ĸǼΪ޴ġ
ôˣ
ҶȻʵ
Է׼ļΪ㣬εҴˡǡѾΧˡ
ķ˿ܣؿ˵


340 Χˣ£
Χˣ
Ԭʶظһ飬ͬʱ￴˿ȴûпκİ˳֡
жξ룬ʱԷİΧάֵļãűõʱҲûнйרŵĶ׷ٵ׼ǰļˡ
ķҡҡͷһ߿ڽţһϸؿΧĵΡ
һսǲɱˣȻˣֻڿս֮ǰܵüռݸơ
ȻǿǣҲӦͬǲǣΪʲôô׼ȷ֪ʲôط
ҶȻüʵ
ȻûֶΣʦҪһĻ¾ͲʲôˡԽսΣգҲܼѣ˵ˡ
ķԬ̡¹ԶԼĪ˵
ˣ˵ﻰǿһСġҶԷֻһȺں֮ڰˣӵʦҪ֣ҲܶôɣϾײԿвڵģѧԺʦǺΪ
Ԭ̴ֵ˵
ǵĿңӦ˵ᰲȫһ㣬ҲҪ⣬ķ˹ھҵĳͻѱԷڵȷʵᾡܵı֤ײԵУײԵķΧʵ̫󣬲Ҳÿʱÿ̶еС飬˶ԷǽһЩĻҲԲ׼Ǹʲô̶ȡ֮Сһ㣬ûġ
ķ䣬ǰλϾͳһС顣
ͬʱҺԼǰҲȺ߳С顣
ټϸ֪ϾҪִС飬СһѾõĹУΧȦСһֻѡӭеĳ̶ȡ
ҺñΧסطһȽϿĵشʺԼСķӣ֮бסĻǲ鷳
Сεڳ֮󣬲ûжķС鷢𹥻ҲûκҪ̸˼ôһ԰ȫľϣעķСԱ
ķǳʱ䣬۲Χĵ
ӦײԻĵشһɽֵ֮ľ޴յء
ֻ·յأʱķµƬյؿȴǳֵļΪͻأ
ǧƽСĿյؾǱƾһ㡣յϸǴݲ
ڿյصΧɽڵЩľȴַǳҽسɳţķעģȴЩľڿſյһߵķϣûκͻķ֧
ͬһнſյصһȦľǵ֦Ҷǳſյ෴ķţͷ·һ¿ġ͸ǽǺͿյ֮䣬ǵ֦Ҷ޷һ㡣
յء϶⣡
ķĬĬ۲ŵʱСҲֱͬķ뵽Ƭյ֮С
ǬԶڵС֮һ
ķαܵôأ˵Ҫҵѵôû򣬾ֱѡܣѵö𣿡
ķС˱ΧСм䣬ǬԶ˿˵
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ķ˵Żͬʱʦɨһ顣
ʦķĿⶼЩϾϸ˵֮ǰϢķСλý׷ٵѾײСʦṩķ롣
׷ѧԺ֮ڣ˾Բʲôùӳԡ
ߣķӦ뵽н־ĳ֡ҵ裬һǧٱĻ㣡֣
ǬԶٺͷָķҵĻᣬҲٶ˵ϻԥı´˽
С飬ʮǬԶǳ˼ң⣬Ķʮ˶ʱĳҶȻȥ
ʦûκζĴʦһֻǰվһԹۡ
ķעȴȫǵϡ
ʦûʴڣ˫Ĳɴ蹵ԷҪεЩʲôķʵûаյֵ
ֵĶʮûʲôرɫ
һڲչֳƷʦ⣬ĶʮһֻƷʦˮ׼
ҶȻӦ൱ɣĪѾԺͶԷһһ²·ˡ
ķȻ˵ײԵĹУʦ֮սǡԴʦսȴǷϹ涨ġôеӽҵս
ǬԶȫûȥע˵սڿյ뵽˻ս֮󣬱㾶ֱķ
ķľԽȴǹ΢Цı飬ڵ컹ûаۣһϵʱѣ˺֮Ĳˡ
ߣֻǴˣűû͵Ϯˣô㣡ȭ
ǬԶѾߵķǰ׵ľϣķĶĶʱΪֱһȭķش


341 ǬԶ
һȭոմķɫ΢䣡
һȭǬԶܹôķϡ
ɲ룬ǬԶһȭ֮ǿķ˲ƥеĸо
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ȭ֮ѣǽƾȭ磬㽫ȭǰһ죡
׳գ˿ȻܱܿҵȭͷҲͬʧȥŲĿռ䣬׸ˣ
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ۿȭ缴׵İ֮Уոֹͣͷʼ׹ķȻ˿˽ޱȹڰһͻأͣ
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ǬԶĲҽ𣬺ǬԶͬʦǻ£ԭɫҲ֮԰һЩ
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ȻȻע⵽ˣȻɲķ룬رǬԶǷУȻЩ˽Ĺ
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мѵζ
Ҳδѧĳһλʦȥսһλʦ»Щ޷⡣֪ǽϱĻѧУԴʲô˵
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ķȻҪٿڶ̽䣬ȴȻǬԶŭ
ʹˣķҪɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡
֮ǰһȭɵǬԶѾӵһŭţһٴγķ
ĵ׵ΣͽȻߣķԭҪٴڿնͷΣеӲֹס
״転һǬԶֻĽŲǬԶζ
ڿܹͽȫڡС¶ԪĳֳĿơ
ֿվƽڿǬԶСʦеɱ֮ķһʱ䲻ðա
ǬԶȭͷأκһȭֱӴϣԽķɱǬԶսʵǲ㣬ټķĽŲٻӰǬԶȻռƣʼҲ޷Ļķ
ȭ粻ͣХƺƴȴûκʵʵ塣
ķȴͨŲͣͨǬԶķ϶ǬԶз
ЩǬԶӵеķ˵̫˺ȴ㹻ǬԶоۡ
ʱƣǬԶ𽥿ʼý
һȭգͬʱͣӳ˼ӶķץסᣬСһǺǬԶʱһϣЩȥ
ûӦķصһţ硱һߵǬԶϡ
ǬԶٴαߵĵ˳ȥ
ֵĻǬԶʵĪĴǣҲѾķɱˡ
ķȴܶΪһԱǻʦҲ˶ֵĽڡ
ʱһֲĽͣȫԼ
ķյգԿƷӦңʵȴʼСشš
ϣϣҲϣɱķ˵ֻҪɱκ飬ţ
ķٴһ߷ɣǬԶڳױޱȷŭĴ
ʦһʱЩֻǳһҧҧųǬԶǸĴʦ⣬ʦ㼸ͬʱķȥ
εûȫƺΪ˱˵ע⣬ʦĽѹڵĲ֮ϡ
ˣʦһҲķֵܹģ


342 âʧ
ǵҪʲôͲѧԺ𣡡
һֱӦСԱҶȻȻԪǣ˲佫ΧСĳԱ֮󣬿ٵķ࣬ͬʱޱ
ҶȻѧԺʷѧɼõʳߵĻƽһһ֦˿Ժȼ硣
ѧԺ˵ҶȻҪ֮Ȼ֪ġ
ôͻȻǵİΧվķ࣬ʱѧԺʦЩɣͷҲΪ֮һ
ôһյԬ̡¹ԶԼĪҲͬ׷˦˺ǽŵȻȫ£ۼķܣһؿǼʦ
ܴӿڣδȥõʱ䣬ԷС鶯ֵĶʮȴѾķСŵһңʣһҲѾЩľķС˶Χ£ķܣһȴվԭأ֪ηӦ
ְǻʲôȵע⵽Ϊл𣡶Ѿʼˣηηβĸʲôѵ֣ͣǾܲѧԺ׷𣡵øɾһЩʲôѱʱڣ϶ܻסλȫ
żʦǳͲǰӣǬԶʱը˷Σŭ
Ǽʦʱһ飬࿴˿ߵһҧ˵λûлͷ˵ûµ񣬲˭ǶҪˣķǿᳬǵԤڣûܰ£ȻˣǾֻаЩ˶ɱ⣡תأֻҪǻţҪֵǵùˣ
˵꣬һͺǣ·ٸԼһ㣬ķȥ
ʦҲٳɣ˵ͬȥ
Ԫδȫͷţ˵ϢȴԱȷ࣡
ķҲѾжվһ𣬿ƾʦֻڵľ緢ӳҲԿ׵ؽķ˻
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ŶԷʦеľ֮ɫķ֪Ѿˣԥؿ˵
Ƕһ˿ɵ˶ãȻûǿһֵܼʱ䳤㣬סǵʱԽãеļʾԽҲߡ
Ԭؿ˵
ϰѧ԰ԵΪ£Ӳһٻ٣;֮
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һֵɣֵͬʱִһ㣬Ҳ㹻òзˡǲҲǹһ𣬷Ĳ𲻴󡣡
ҶȻǸǹ۶
ķۿѾҪ嵽ǰʦżȻݲͬĿȴȫһԴʣ²ɵΪж
һԪκصȫ˳ԶƷʦ޵Ԫó¹ԶԬ̶ЩܵĴ˴
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ףεĶ֣ķȴҲûжİգȻ֪ƴҲʲôôܱԴеǿ
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£ΨȫԸִͬʱܵĶһһ롣
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ǬԶСĴʦûв뵽УվԭأųľƱ仯
ķڵȫ֮ʦʱ¶һɵɫ
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´ӵǬԶһ֮ɫ˵
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ȻķȭͷʦӭĹײʱ򣬹ȴͻȻ
ķöı˵ĽָȻâţ
âֵޱͻأյ֮ϵˣǰ˲һƬ׳㣡
ͻȻûκһˣע⵽âǴӺζ
ܵģÿһ˶ʶֵס۾ǰ׳âһţ֮Ѹٵʧ
ɵ˻ָӾ֮ȴ㵵ķ֣ķˡȻҲǹâʧˣ


343 
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ǬԶޱȾ㵵ؽе
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˹Ҫ˵ǬԶһ治ģȫʾġ
ǣ鶼ѾһϣǸûκôġ
ķ˻ãûĻ
뵽ǸǬԶ֮ˣĴ˸䡣
ûκԪĲҲûκܵļ󣬶Է˿ƾʧһ㡣
ǬԶһĴʦϸļһķ֮ǰվŵλãȻһɻؿ˵
ƾʧʲôЦ飡
ǬԶɫǵͨ죬ŭǳһ䣬ŵˣ飡һˣղŵĹâһǲֶ֪ΣΪһܵʱ䣡ѣҵܵҡ
ԸŵǬԶȻͬס˲һ㣬ԸȻֹ
˫ָ߾ٵַŭҲȫסֻ۾ֱ㶵ĶסǰİյС
·һıȻΧЩעϵ˺Īһʶת˳ǬԶ߿ȥЩ˱ȫǬԶһ׷׽˵
ΪǬԶİУһźߣһɫۣ䣬ֻܴϷֱӦԵˣͣ
߽ӵֻֻ۾ĵطԲεĿףҲ֪һߣҪνк
ȻǬԶĵ⡣
Ҫĵǡͣڰյеˣ˭
ڰ֮СѾͣ˶ã˶˵ݣ
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ѧԺʲôʱѧܹʦʩˣ
ͣڰյеĺ˺Ȼؿ˵
ɸһŵʦʱͨͨȫ˵ϡ
Ȼʦʶ˵˭ȴǳ˱Ǵ˴δѧԺĲС
ѧԺԻǶѧԺʦҲѧԺĶǿߵж٣ôһλϲ˭ģǵҲ֡
λʦºıһȻܵҲʦһȥ
һʱ䣬ֻʣǬԶһ˻վš
ǵĻأʲôʱѧԺʦҪѧˣ
ȴȫû˵¹򣬶ǽԼŵʻһ顣
ʦڵϣ֮ƫͷ˿ͳһŤͷǬԶСĴʦ
ʦһһʱȴ֪ôش⡣
ΧʲôˣĹâô£ԪңȻʦֵĺۼǵʲô
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дˣڳѧǲǶ֣ǲȲѳֵġ
ǬԶСĴʦȲѵĳ˵Ĵߣź˵ѯʣֻǿ˸˵
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˵΢һЩ
ʦһҧҧͷԣޣֻ޼һѾѧܹԿķ룬Ϊ˱֤ѧǵİȫʦһ֡
޵ʬأ
˼ʵ
һԵĳ֣Ҫȥƣʱʦеظܵһ㡣
ѻȻѾ˵˳ȻֻӲͷƤ˵ȥʦŻشдˣҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬸ղںǽսͻȻ׵Ĺâͬʱʧ»ָӾ֮Щޱ㲻ˡ
ʦ˵꣬ΧȴһƬ֮С
ڰеĺûмʣʹóһʱͻȻ
֮Ż˵ϣĶȴԵЩӲ
ñҷƭңһܲײͽɣˣ뿪ɽϡ
˵꣬ת֮С


344 Ѩ
ǬԶһЩ˱˵ͻȻ֣ŵ÷׷׹˵ϵʱķһҲޱȾľ£һϸع۲ΧĻ
Ȼİ׳âͬķҲʱԵʧȵ˫۵ʱ򣬾ͷĵطһȫİĶѨ֮ڣ
һȫյĶѨ
ͻأı֮£Ȼ߻ָ˱ķΪĽһ䱸Ĺ۲ܵ
۲ӵʱ䣬ȷΧһֻһ޴ĶѨ֮˽ŵļط
⡭ģǸղŲںǼʦƴΪʲôͻȻܵˣ
Ԭ̲סʵ
Ѩ
Īػش
¹ԶҶȻǿʼȥִڣƺҪԼĵطǲͬ۾ǰʵ
ֻķɱųĬΪֻ֪֮Իᷢıʣöָԭ
ķҲףΪʲôϵöָͻȻ쳣ķӦǰ׳ĹâΪʲôӽָڱôƾվʹƬյ֮ϣ͵Ѩ֮У
ƾŲƣҪĻƱҪöԿռ䷨ĸ򣬿ǡƬϣôܻܹ򵽿ռ䷨ˣ
ǡָ߱Ŷÿռ䷨
ķʶĵͷһϵĽָöָȴų֮ǰǰ׳Ĺâ֮¹ƽ·֮ǰһУ޹һ㡣
ֳķһʱҲûʲôͷǽָԴжÿռ䷨öָƷ׾ͷǳ΢ˡ
ԭ֮ǰķ²УöָȻܹṩͬ˲ķؼôָƷ׾;͡
ķεĴ󵨣Ĳ²УöָҲͭ߰Ĳ㼶
ķһǱȽϡٵ˽⡭ǾԲӵпռ䷨ġ
Ѳɻǻƽ𣿣
Ҳ̫˰ɡƽ𼶵жȷѪĶΪʲô䵽䵽Լϡ
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ķôһ˵һҲǣٶѵܱȸղŵľ
ǰⷬʣƺҲûʲôΣգû׼һԵҲ˵
뵽ˣ׵ķ
Һ͹ԶղżΧұڣұڷǳĺʵжϣӦòǴɽ֮Уڵص֮ڡ
ҶȻɫȻؿ˵
ڵصף
ķüڡСĸ£ϸĸ֪һΧԪ仯
㷢֣ⶴѨһɷǳԪʼѨҴԪѨҲԶֹǰСȥȻж죡
ԼЩ˻ᱻȻתƵѨ֮ڣЩԪҲϵ
̽̽ط֮֮ǺǬԶȺĵطԭΪŹ֣ƾɽпٳĿյһ㣬ϸǾ޴Ŀյصĳִ͵ĹΪһЩɺϵģӶתƵȻżȻ˵ܾܿǸ
ķֽҶȻĻ˹ԼļϣȻһ߳ŶѨȥһ߿˵
ָ鵱Ȼ˵Աȥ͡
Ҳȫǻԣǿյȷʵ˹죬Ҫ˵ԼϵĽָͻȻǿյûκιĻķš
ҲͬķжϣķȥȻæϡ
ȻȫյĶѨ֮ڣֵǣѨȴ˿Ҳûκĸоķ˵߶ͨǶҲ·ɢâһ㡣
ķڼ˵ǰ棬һ˳ŶѨǰţһ߽ǰʵʵ֮ǰͷΪʲôһŵøһ
ķǰĻķѯʣգգԼĴ۾ű㵸ѽѽ
ϧķġ
Ż˵𾢣ķ˿ĭͷĪʵĪһ˵ʲô𣿡
ĪһãȻҡҡͷ
Ԭ̲סЦ
Ȼ˵ݣ㻹ʲô㿴ġ
ķŵҶȻǰһѽķ˹ԼĻ󣬳ķ˵
Ｑˣ
ķһȻı顣
úǰ̽·֪ûΣصȿŻ׽Ūˡ
ҶȻһظŻһû˵
ķǿŶҶȻĻԼͷĻһʱȫȻ֪ôΪԼ粵ֻתͷǰȥ
ίٴԬ̲סЦ
ѨĴķ·ͬʱҲĬĬؼž롣
Ѩȥĵ·Ϊۣͬһ㵽ǹĵط
һֱǰ˲һңķǰźȻȻʣ
ԭխͨߵ˾ͷȻǰģһ޴ġƽСĿռ䣡


345 һװ
޴ĿռҲһѨֻһ·ʱǿȫȻγɵĶ߲ͬ޴ĶѨԵģΪȥĺۼ
ΪѨķĽṹҲƽ羵Ǳĥһ㡣
һЩرĵطܹӳճ˵ס
ڶѨϷǶһž޴ġһıʯ
ʯֱ˵Ҳ׵ӣһĴСֱǶڶѨϷĶ֮ڣֻһ¶⡣
ڵĹâȫⱦʯɢõ硣
֮⣬Ѩһʯ̨ʯ̨֮ϣƯһԻȡ
ȵΧһȦɫĹǶԻڹ֮ٵתš
ڿȵһ˲䣬ķͣס˽Ųǻ֮ϣҲ޷Ų
Ϊϵöָ˻ȵͬʱ֮ǰһ
ԻȡȻǶԻһͬװ֮һ
ʲô⣿ôأ
ķԬһĳǻȥ
ټĶѨмƽ̨֮տҲҲûиоκΣմڣж㲻ʱСġ
ôˣ
ҶȻȴǵһʱ䷢ķԾĵط
ûʲôֻǿҸоЩĶ
ķǶԻŬŬ졣
⡭ˮǿֻܴԵ̽ȥ
ԬѾߵ̨ӵԱߣ˻Χ⣬󿪿˵
¹ԶĪҲߵǻȵΧķҶȻ˹ȥ
ӦĳַӡҪĻóҪȽ⿪ӡС
Ī¼һ󣬿˵
⻤ȿŲСͷأô޴һص׶ѨרΪ˷ôǽⶴѨķʽ˹죬Ƚ϶ԣ붴Ѩһֱڣǲ̫ƽˣ
Ԭ°ͣЩ߼ķ
ӡӦþɣ
¹ԶȻӣȻָλǫ̃·˵
ʱ˹ȥ׷׿ָŵλá
̨ӵĵײҲ̨ʮֵλãһ󣬵ȴޱȷͼ
ҪǣͼɢԪȻһӽȴ˶ܹʵʵĿ
ǲκѧˣ׵жϳͼطǷƷ
һʲô˼
Ԭ̶ͼһȻһĪʵ
ҶȻͬԷû˿оɫһƬȻĪͳ¹ԶϸҿǸӣ¹ԶĪƺ˵ŵ
ĪԶܿ⵽ɶܿĻ͸ǽͽͰ
ԬӼȻǰͲס˵
̸磬ʵҲ󶮣ӦһģҴС֪鿪ʼһֱѧϰ֮ʮʱȥڷһȻ˵ߣҲǵҡǰͼȴδţ´ȥжϣҲȫͷԡ
ĪһЦ˵
ϣСӻǷʦû뵽أǰС˰˵ǷʦݿɱǶƷʦˡ
Ԭһһէ˵
̸磬Ҳûʹ
Īɫһ壬ε˵
ķʦܹƳĶ
¹Զһ˵
ԶҲĲɣǼ˹ˣʦҩʦͶʦϡٵĶ࣬ôСһӾð
Ԭ̸Ӿˡ
ҲǷʦҲûѧġС󣬶ڷļ٣Ծܲ۽绹еġ
¹Զ򵥵Ľ͵
Ԭ̻ҪʣķȴǻֹסԬ̵Ļͷ˵˺ʮף⡭Ǹٻģ
⼸ʱѾϰķİš
ķ֮󣬼˱ԥȥ
ֻں˵ĹУԬʵķʦô֪ʲôʲӵٻģҲ÷ѧ𣿡
ǶɡҲֻǶ÷ѧĻûκһʦ˵ԼڷѧǾͨˡ
ķͷҲص˵
⻰ʵ˵̫ЩԳҶȻ֮⣬˶Щ㶡
Ȼ㣬˵ʲôͷѾܹˣȻѧ
Ԭ΢º󣬱ֱŤͷҶȻʵ
ʱദ˶Ѿ֪ķҶȻ֮δ޵ĹϵԳƺϾͱЩҡ
ֹǷѧҩͶһżߵˮ׼Ǻʶʱ䲻Ժʶˣͻ𽥵ϰˡ
ҶȻ˵
ԬǸˡ
ġҩͶ졭ͨ
ϡĴ𣿣
ȻһٻģҪƳӡΨһİ취ǼٻģȻٻʵǹڸӣҲжϲܹٻĶ׻ӵʵпֻǸ߲εޣҲпŪһͷ𼶱
ķվŤͷżˣʵԡҪҪģ


346 ٻ
Ԭ̺Īһ¹Զգ۵ƵҲͻأĿֻ࣬ҶȻԾǸȻӣָŻĻ
ȿȣͦΣյİ
ԬЩɵؿ˵һ˵Żһ߿˿ߵĪͳ¹ԶƺҪ˴õһЩ֧֡
ģ뿪𣿡
Īʵ
ĪҲ֪Ӧô뿪
ķҡҡͷ
˼뼤İɣ
¹ԶȻ˵
ķһЦҲΣԵͷ˵ûǣŵĻȶ˵ͦҪġҲû뵽ԵɺϵԻȡȻˣҲҪ취õֲǡȻվĴֲֻһˣһظλ
ķ˵ЩԬǹⷴ˲ʧ٣ֵЦԭķʦҪԻȰǾͼ˰ɡųʲôأ֮ǰǿյҲǲҪ˵ģʹȻܵгһǶԸ˵ģҲ
Īͬᶨĵ˵ͷ
ûɡطôصĲã򷽲ôͨôʮҪҲǷǳ׵ġȻˣٻӡٻҲи˼֡
ҶȻѵÿڸ͵
¹Զûзܶʱ򣬳Ĭζͬ
ķ˿Ȼֻ³ת¶ȥһֻǰǸӵͼϣȴûеһʱԪмٴϸĹ۲
ıԪǳ˵£ķܷĵľ幦Լ֮Ч
ƫƫʵǰܹжϳٻ⣬ķһûκȷĸ
ΨһĽͱǣģ
ȷԼܽĳ׵ķ֮ķٳɣԪֱ֮ϱ˲伤ģ
ʱâţֲԪڲӿҵĳ̶γСΧڵ쫷磬ķͬʱͷҲȫȥ
ԪʼۣķȵԪۺ󱻵һɾ޴ķѹڴʹķȫʶֵס۾
һ׳ĹâҫͷǿյȻĹâһģһķͬʱһף֮ٴλָӾʱ򣬼˵ǰѾһֻԳ
ֻԳӣǰֳ֫ȭڵϣɸ߶ȴѾס
ֻɺĴ۾ķˣķ»ָӾֻ֮ԳȻֱӣֻȭͷԼţͬʱ˻
ȫֱҵĸ߶ȣʵķ˲СѹķҶȻ⣬˶ʶĺĪԬ̸ɫ΢䡣
ֻԳƾˣŴŵĶķȴֻ֣Գûпôǿ󣬴ϢȥжϵĻҲǶƷҵ
ȻֻжϢĽֻԳͺʹԼչֳͿ׿óֻԳͷϣƷڲεޣȻżļӳɣ
˸Թԡ
Ԭ̺ʶĵ૵
Īͬű㳢ķʽֻԳн
ȻֵǣĪصԳȴûκεķӦԼֻ֮ɺ۾ֱ㶵Ķķ˭óֻԳϾҪ𹥻ˡ
׷ˣⲻޣԪֱ۶ɵĶûν꣡ûκ壬ȫ԰һۿɼԪ
ķڡСĸ£һʱֻԳԾĵطæѵ
ո£ԳѾ˫Ӵֱӳ
ȻԪ۳ǳӴ󣬵һԾȴ쳣ӯٶҲǼ졣
ķĶֻšСԪĸӦȫΧԪͨھԳͬʱ˳Ԫˮһǿܹ˾Գȭͷ
ȫգԳٶʵ̫죬ķҲûа취
˵ˣЧȴǼѣķһʱ浹Ϊϲ
СӦȻ㣬˳ԪȫΧԪߣȻγ֮ʵĶŲǱоһĻȫԽ˴һȫµļؼ
ؼ˻޷ѧϰ
ϲ֮£ķɴžԳٶȼ汸ĹԼ뷨ǷĿС
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Ӱ£ķ;Գ֮ľ棬֮ܿ


347 Գ
Ԭ̼ԭһʼڿǾԳͻأĳķȥʱһĻ˲ᵽɤϣӦҶȻͳ¹ԶǱҪֱӷ𹥻ˡ
ķƮƮıܿ˾Գĵһ󣬽ĳȴüһʱȫ֪βˡ
ΪķǾԳ֮ľ롭ʵ̫ˣ
˵ǲ֮嶼Ϊ
ټ˵Ӱͣı任ŷóȻУпܻˡ
һһԳȻ˴˵޴󣬵ʼ֮ȴȻ˴罺һľһ
ۣܿʵȴǲΣ
ǾԳĶޱȣӴ˿ҲûӰԣСΧڽתŲþƿΣķ
Ϊķÿһε㣬ڲžԳȭͷܿһһƱҪԳȭͷУ
ټǾԳȵƵʳԽ޶һĿ٣ʹķĶÿÿЩƣڱ̬ƣ·һȭͱȻᱻԳУɵһȭķܼıܿ
˽յĹͶȻԬ̼ʶס˺
ʱƣ˱𽥵ķ˲Ծĵط
һʼ˻ޱȵĽţķᱻԳУϾ;ԳûκξļķΧڲͣŲͬһ㣬вҪø˵³
Ȼŵһﵽ˼£ò³ȴķԾôš
һȭҪУһȭȻڿУ沨Ʈҡ·ԶûоͷҲԶ㸲
ڹӵʱ䡢ķܹ˾Գǧλȭ֮Ԭ̺ĪɫѾ֮ùŹ쳣
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˼顭ֶƵʺͷӦٶȡ۷Ҳ޷ɣķʦȻܹһֱ֣ҿ񻹿ʼձȥôܵˣ
Ԭֿһ̲ס˵
ķʦǿȺһʦȫͬն֮ǰķʦƷʱҾ֪ˣû뵽ǿȵĲྐྵȻĳ̶ȡ˵۷޷ƵʺٶȵĶˣһܳܵ˰ɣ
Īͬһ˼˵
Ӧòһ˵һ֮վм޵ġȻһЩķʽּܹޣҲƵεĶ壬ˣҲԲʦľʱӵεǿ壬ԣ϶ʲôûп׵Ķڡ
¹Զҡҡͷѵõ˵ôһͨ
ȻҲǱķⷬеʧˡ
ȷʵûôǿǰӦ֮ʱɡ
ҶȻŻǸһ𸴡
ֻȴ˸𾪡
֮ʱͻ򡭡򵽵Ķܹǿչֳһ츳
ֱţ
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ͻƷҲͰˣ˸ϵĳͬһ˵ϣʵ˿ʼоЩľˡ
Ԭ뵽԰εʱķ;Գ֮սľͻȻ˱仯
ԭһֱžԳʱڶ״̬ķͻȻһ˺;ԳȦӣͬʱԪ˫ȭ֮УھԳ³ȥʱһʽڽޱı˳
ȭâҫۣȭɽ飡
Գ׷ķӦʵ̫죬ײķȭͷһ㣡
ײ֮£һ죡
ټĶѨ֮
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һֻޣô֮صˣѾ㹻ˡ
ķ֮ǰѵֻԳޣȫԪ۾ֶɵģܴڶ⣬ٻļƤֵһģһʱķڵ˰Ӻ󣬻ۿɼ¶อ١
վ
ķһȭֻþԳϢȴûɱӰ졣
ˣԳҲԭͣ£Ȼ˶ķ͹ǺȻ˸ͷšֳԬڵĵط˹ȥ
תʵ̫ͻȻķ֮⣬Ԭ̼˶ûһʱķӦ
شľԳȴٶûܵκӰ죬Ԭ̼ĹѾգۼ˼˵ǰԶ
ķԪԵʣһʱԳжϵı仯ں;Գ֮λòԼԼٶϾͺ;ԳһĲ࣬οһȭޣԼҪʩȣҲˡ
Σʱ̣¹ԶȻ̤ǰһԼֱӵ˼˵ǰ


348 Ե
ҶȻʱѾ˹ʽԬ̺ĪķӦȻǷǳٵġ
¹ԶĶȴҶȻҪ֡
ҶȻոʽ¹ԶѾ˵ǰһԪͣһȭƽֱĳųľԳȥ
ų¹ԶһȭһԪǻһγһ޴ͷӰ
ȭͷͷſҪһ㣡
ǡǡȭ
Īһ֮ǰΨΨŵŵӣ̲סг
ԬŴͣȻҲϳ˳¹ԶһȭǸʲôĿ
ų¹ԶôһȭķǻסԼǰͷΪ¹ԶһȭƣǱ֮ŵܽ˿й֮
ĪһȭĿķǲû˿ȵĵط
ڳ¹Զݣʵķй²ˡ
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ǬԶ۾һصص˵ͷ


358 
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Ժ칫ԼϿŶ𣬷һ䡣
ǣķôǸС鿴룬ȫķհķĴʽûκ˱ʾԡ
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Ҫôˣ֮ǰһֱڿǣѧԺȥǷȷ֪ûͻƷ˼ޣΪʥͽ֮ǰѵصĴӣҲûκΰ취վܹһС壬ȻСӵķʽγɱ˴˵Ļ롭ܹӳսͻǳĿ˰ɣ
ܿαϣڵ˵
˼һ˵ȷʵˣͻʹޱֻרעڵЭͬսϵ⣬Ϊ㡣ѧһЩ򵥵ϣȷʵǿԼǵս
һԣΡҪٿҾͲǸķˣѧԺҲҾô֪ҪǶ鷳ȻҲǸģôܶ飬ҲҪҺ˵̫ףҲܹġ
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ķʦסĵطſɱǵѧö˰
Ԭ̺￴š
ЩʹʦķҶȻķڡ
Ǳڣոջ־ֱȥЩǼʦҲ֪ͬǸʲôѧϰȡ
ҲѾôãںٶൢСĹķɴżķ˳㽻һЩ顣
ȻУѧԺﶼЩı仯ʲô̫⡣
ҺôҲʦϵȻҪǺһЩˡ¥ɣڶ¥ȥ˵
ķһ˵ţһߵż˳Լȥ
Ԭ̼ﲻͣشţһֱķңǬԶſڵһ¥Щ
۹ⲻȷʵ
ķ˵ͷָκʹ˵
Ԭͬʱ˿ȫ˾ݡ
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ķԼվ˷Ĵԣ۾˿⣬ż˵һǹǶе飬ϣֻڳļ֪Ҫκζй¶κڵʱȥͳһ˵ɽ·ͺáҪţֻҪ֪ǲ˵ȥ
ķķԸͬʱͷ
м£ǹڹԶģӵҲҪǸԽܡʱԲй¶ȥԶѧԺ˭֪
ķŤͷǬԶʵ
ֻиʺѧԺԺ
ǬԶڻش
ļֵҲ֪
ķ׷һ䡣
ǬԶǿ϶ҡͷķ˼Ħ°͡
һļ䣬ڵǬۻʼݱ֮󣬴Ǭڲ֮Ȼһ֮Ĺ̲ңܿƽϢȥ
ճɹϻλģҲǰǬԶǬԶĶ磬Ǭݡͬʱڼ䵱УĴҲ׷һ֮зīǳ
ͷģȴǴһʼվǬһߵľļң
һûκα仯ɰľȥչĻɾʵķ뷨ˡ
ѾǺǬԶѣôҲĿǬԶֶ֮б
ԶǱûʲôɰĻҲᵽסɡ¥Ŀշ䣬Ҳס㡣Щ顭Ҫϸһˡ
ԺиͷٵķſǬԶ˵
û̫ԥǬԶӦ
ԬȴʱеôֻùԶһסȻжģҲҪסҲ
ķ˿Ԭֿ̣˿ҶȻЦǾͶסɣĪ㻹ҪȥסһŶˣչҪǱһЩġ
Īһ㶣æӦ


359 
ڵѧԺУ԰¿š
ЩʼհﶢѧԺˣȻǵһʱõϢ
Ǳ´Щ˱㿪ʼ̽Ѱʹ˭ףܵһʱ̽ѧԺУ԰ԭȻ󱨸ԼˣȻõͺͷʡ
ѧԺΧھڵĳ֮ͻȻ
ܿ죬Щ̽˾ͷ׷״һǱз˼Ϣ
ѧԺԺ棬ΥԺʦͬʱʮ¹ѧԺٴ¼ȡ
Ϣô˾ûƫƫ˵õĶϢһЩˣԥʱ򣬸æϢԼұӡ
ЩӦģҲһֱôȥ
ȻǴϢôٻϵı£ǻеġ
Ϣֱ𴫵Щ֮ϲᣬٴ뵽֮С
ķɵӰ죬ҲѧԺڵķգʹʵѾʼǣ𾩶ڼÿһΪЩѧԺҪȥǵĶĹϵ
ҡѧԺգʦѧϢȥĵڶ죬һλֱӵŰݷãķҲʵûʲôȥϸеĹϸ
λǰŰݷõĴǬݣǬ۾ϥ¶ӣķļ䵱Уһյϵλˣ
ʱλⶰӵһ¥ķҶȻĶ档
Ѿǻĵڶ죬Ԭ̡ǬԶĪǰȥѧԺĽѧ¥ڣʼһĿγ̡
Ҳ֪ȥԴʱⶰֻķҶȻԶ
ȻѧԺڵĽѧʽɣչҲ̶ʱԴ̣Դ̣ÿ»ÿһ°һΣķ˻ĵһԴҲ֮ʼ
ҶȻĵλȽ⣬Ҫרѡʦרָģ˶ҶȻԴ̵ʱ䣬ͬƵҲǴһ
ĿǰѧԺﲢ֮ҶȻ˵ʵ;綼ȫµȵѧԺ֮ǬԶҲõĴҰķĹƣò˰ʱ䣬Ԭ̱ҲӱͬԶԶ
˾ôĬţ˭Ҳûȿڵ˼
ǬһߺŲˮһ߰شķķȴʼ˼Լ顣
ҶȻŻķԣͬһ·ôǧ꣬Ҳо˿Ĳ͡
Ǭֻ˵ķƣ֮ǰʵû̫ķϡ
һʮˣǬȻѪͷױɿģټԼӵݣ̸κ飬Կ׵ؽȨԼС
û뵽ǣķ֮ȴȻ֣ķչֳĳȺ͵Ȼ͵ܹеģ
ѾһԲԶôõʱ䣬ʼоͣķȴʼһȻԵõģ˿ҲûΪ־оΣ
ʵǬݲˡ
ĬȥҲֻȡ裬ǬݱѾ˵Ĳ豭΢Цſڵķʦö治һոʮء
⻰ôڿңǷΪ˵ϼ޻
ķЦŻص
Ǭ΢΢һ㶣Ц
ЦˬʣǾֹҲϵζǻ˸ʮ߰˵Ǽ仰ĹͻǬݲøС
ЩĥµʮˣҲԻΪǬݱݼֿȫαɶж
ķһȴǲɫ
ķûзӦǬЦֹüܺõ˹ȥſڵιҪԶķʦǸġ
ŶӣǶ£һ˵
ķ֪ʵ
չǻӵܣԶô㣬ҵܣѧԺȵ飬ҲӲʵҵ˼Զ˵޷죬Ӧֱɱ˲źãʵһʼҵаֻķʦ֮ǰȥѧԺԺˣҪԺȴʣʵܹķʦһЩܼĲ
˵Ǭķһ
ķҶȻҲֻǬݶžһ
ʲôľͲˣѾѧԺѧԺĳͷȻҲ͵˽ˡ
˫ºķ΢Ц˵
ѧԺĳͷվǹ˼˻ҵ棬ʵǶķʦƽɣ˵ѧ֮ļҹķʦȻļҪʲôһֻҪķʦͷҿԳķʦµȥļҡӵġ
ķʼղӲ磬Ǭ²ͣҲٶȦӣֱ˵Լ˵Ļ
ٴ뵽˳ŵС


360 ܾ
ǬݵķʼձֵļãһʼĶǺϹʾǸ⣬ٺĶķʾҪ⳥
̸ֹ޲չŽķִ磬˼֮崺磬֪ͻǬݷо裬ε
ķķǬֱ֮µģһַԹİ
ȻǬصĺܺãϺ˿ó
ҪǬ֣Ͷ䶼˱ƵģҲνˣں쾭ϸѵÿһЦΣÿһӦĳ̶ȣϸĿơ
꼸ĥĳ̶ȡ
û߱ĳܵģκν츳䱳󶼱Ȼ֪ĺˮ
ķԼһУΪĥɱ˵ļգҲרϰƵĶҲ޷Ǭⷬݡ
˵Ǳˣ
Ϊ֪ٴεĥ֮£ǬѾЩ̵ӡ֮УΪıܡ
Ȼıܲ룬ǬվûңĿ֮Уżǻй¶ʵ뷨
ǵһܽӴʱ䲢㳤ķȴѾˣΪʲôһУϵλĻǬݡ
ֻƾôһı֣ķͿȷǬʵϲǵǬ۾СĵλˣڴǬ۾ٽ֮ǰνĶ֮¾ǴǬ۾Ǭ׼ıҵ󿼣ֵܣǬȻ˳µε
ҲûɵǣǬݳΪۻ֮󣬱ȻһʵϣһķһУҲӡ֤ġ
Ȼһֱںеɱ֣ϾǬԶڴǬһӦϢķʼջǹע
ƫƫΪļҡΪѧУСϺǬԶһ飬ͬʱķҲǺϲǬԶԸλ֮վҪ
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뵽ˣķ̾˿εҡҡͷ
ǬݻΪһûʵۣԲһѡ
һӶ¿ʼԼδһǻʵۣһԵ׼ҪԼʼԵ֮ĸµˣȻܳΪѡ
ķȻһǰ㣬պʹǬǣȻ˭ν顣
ƫƫһУķ̫ҪʹǬ
ԶĲᣬֻ˵ģ⾩ļұһ׮
Ǭ⼸ûκڵͼķҡҡͷ֮󣬱ֱӿڵл¹ģվļڵ飬Ͳͷ°æˡ
ķܾǬ΢΢һϣѾ˵Ĳ豭¶˵ԼߣһڣĵĲ¸׺͵Цݡ
ȻˣҲ˵ļҵʵȻ˽Ĳ࣬ȴҲྩҺͷ֧֮飬ֻߵȥǻ಻ĵط⻰Ȼ˵ˣҲջءʱķʦþļҵΪ㲻˵ģԸңܲķʦԿˡ
ķֻٴǷл⡣
ķʼղԼĻ磬Ǭ΢΢º󣬻Ǿ˵ͨ͸һЩ̬Ҫֳѣֲ׵״̬ʵ޷Ǭ⡣
⣬ʵһһ飬Ҫķʦæ
Ǭ˵һ䣬˿ķɫ󣬽ż˵м£ķʦܻЩӽһ־£ʵѾʼұϾ٣ۼʶǴķʽٲþϵɺͲȫ档ˡеҪһЩ˲ҡ֪ķʦûȤ
˵ϣûκεˡ
ķҲû뵽Ǭݻ˵ֱףڵֱӺǬݽʵΪǡ
ƫƫǬȴûκʱͻᣬô˳ķһʱҲû̫õİ취
ӦȻǲܴӦģί߶ûκ塣
ķҡҡͷЦ˵˵Цˣ˴Сûʲôɢˣʵǵô̧٣ҲȥʲôѧԺһĵʦͦõġ
ķǺԥľܾǬݵ۽ǳ£űǳЦųķ˱ȭڵȻˣҲţͻȥˡķʦΪԶǱߣ⼸Կ԰˵һķʦָǡ
ķҶȻҲǬͳӡ
ǬԶ¹˷ţҶȻſڵô
˲úŪȻˣ˵Ҳáֻ˹ǰվЩ㣬ҵûԤϵŸѣȻǣô飬ûŵȥ£ʵ泩
ķ˵
ҪǱȥ𣿡
ˣҸǸ˿黹Ǻȫģȼڿվ˽Ÿ롭ֱ˹ҵġ


361 Ѫ
Ĳʮʱķһֱסⶰÿ֮⣬ڵ￴ĥա
СУĪ֮⣬˶ס˽
Դûκ
ʵϣԴķס֮ⶰӵƺԶķһ㣬żס⣬ƽʱ󲿷ֵʱǲӰҲ֪æЩʲô
ѧԺսڿʼѧϰҶȻЩʵѧ˲ٵĶ
ǬԶҲѧϰУչֳѾͻƵƷʦľ磬źҶȻʼѧϰͬĿγ̡
˺ȫͬҪ⣬ʮʱ춼ڸʦĽ̵֮¶ɹ֮£ȴֻڵһõȫָľʱȴȫִ
ƫƫЩ˵ĪԬ̶Сǰ㣬ÿ춼Ϊȥæµ
ֻҪǬԶҶȻѧϰ˱ֻⶰӣȻķһڵС
ԭʼʱԬ̻˷ʱ䡣
ɵ˵һȥ˵ңķֽĪһЩϵĶ̸ֽԬһƷȻֻкףļؼ˱ϲҡ
ԭķʦߡѧĶడ
ʮʱķûȥκ飬ļҲûǣķҲУרעԼϡ
˽ľȵƷʦ⣬ı㶼ڶԷ˲Լɢֵڶʽľ괺ˡ
ܶѧԺĽѧʽͱΪ棬˾ô¾;뵽֮УķҲֻʱȽľͶ뵽С
Ҳûʲôйȥо
ǼʦǶʮѧĴãʼļھ˲Сķ⣬ܿɷ˱ƽ
ķⱳ󶼽˶ٰеĽ׺ܹ鳹׵Ĺȥ
ֻżѧԺԺЩȥݷ˼ҾڿȻһЩԭڽŵ׷Ϣġ
УҲļҡ
ʮʱܿȥ⾩Ҳעһֱƽ
ӭ˵µڶʦ̵ͬʱⶰӵ⣬Ҳӭʮˡ
ΪѰķˣѧԺͣڵĿΣʦ̵ĴȻҪǰֲԤһºҲͲȫĻָˡ
ⶰʮˣȻǴӶɽʮѪ̣
ѪԼѪ˴죬˸˵ķ˷֮󣬱롣
ʮѪ̵ͻȻķЩ⣬Ҳǰ˵׼ϲ֮鵹ǸһЩ
ʮѪӵºʮѪһ¥ϡ
ʮѪȫһ쳣ı飬ķЦ˵ӣ뿪ʱ䣬ǵҲûиʵ˲
үôиͻЩҩ˵ԼṩؼʱսԻһġ
ѪֺٺЦ
ǱѾѿڵ鶼𣿡
ǣҵ֮ĶѾðĲˣټפ֮ǰǽйչʾǱֱŪԹ˲ϾԻѾˡ
Ѫһ˵ţһ￴˿ʵүûб˰ɣ
ûˣԼôʲô˽ܻҪ˵𣿡
ķôŵͬʱԪȴţСԼһķΧȫС
ֻҪ˽뵽Χ֮ڣܵһʱ
ͳһʦ̵ӣҶȻǬԶҲõ˱̵ʱ䣬ֲ֪æʲôȥˣѵõģֻķһڡ
ڻʱķԷ˯
Ǹ֮󣬻ͱ˯ʮʱǾʱ䶼ں˯֮С
ķ׷ı仯ͨԪĸ֪ȷϻ岢ûʲô⣬Ҳͷĵûȥ˯
ô룬״ֻΪǶ˴Ԫı仯ڻ˵Ӧкôġ
ûסڽͽҲ˵
үȷʵзǳҪ飬֮ǰǱǧһҪ׿ڸ֮ҾѪ̺֮κ֪
Ѫֵ
ѪѪǴվȻѸٵļ䡣
ǲķӵССķӦȻҲ
ôˣ˵ɡ
ķͬЦݣʵ
ǹھҵġ


362 Ļ
ĲһСʱʱѪԼѪ˱ϸͬķļұǰȥḶ́ԼĶÿһϵĴ
ͬʱҲǴĻһֲ˵ķȥ
Ϊ˱ķжϵʧ˻ļҵǰʵԼڲϸµĸķһ顣
ȫ֮˱ͣķҲͬ˳Ĭ
ķ˼ѪֺѪӲţôһĶķĶ棬ȴķķԸ
֮ķų˵Ǵӽ쿪ʼסѧԺľһƷɣϵǮӦô˰ɣȻ˾ǣҲҪиȻߣұҲʱǵȽָ֮ǰ̫ԶұֻܰͰһЩãǵ뾡
үģǶ֪ڵľ档ΪүĻһҲֻʦĲɡԴүǶڵľ󣬾ͷ·ǿһȫµ磬ǿǶԺΪء
ѪЦǺǵ˵
һдţǰһˣһˣһҪֽסǵĳ¸ϡڱȥ顭ĺܶԣҪʱ䣬ʱ뾡һа취ȥӡеھ֮ڣͶɽǧ֮ңϢݲܶôʱǵĻᡣȰɣƽʱµʱѪ߾ͺãʣ˶ڿջﰲҪŵĻѪд
ķڷԸ
ѪԼѪӸæվ𣬹Ӧ
ķҲʱ䣬Ѫһ¥ԴԼ˵ңȻڵҵǰűʣӺͣдһƪǧԵ˽š
ֽ۵ŷ֮Уûǯŷ¥Ȼŷ⽻Ѫӡ
ǸݵţȻԴμӹһγݾٰĲ軰֮ķͳûκεϵͽķţԼź󣬳Ӧûѡ
ʵķԺ뷨Ӧһͼ֮Ĺ̡
ΪǬԶһֱڴ֮УǬͬҪԶԶĵǬݡ
Ŀǰ˵Ǭڵλ֮ռŵľԵġǲɺơ
ƫƫķļ䵱УǬ۾ʱգʵѾˡ
ĻӦþڽ꣬Ǭ۾й죬Ҳ˵ҪֹǬݵǻƵۣǬԶǸλãһҲʣôʱѡ
㵼˺ܶ飬ķû̫ʱȥıΨһģǱץʱ䣬ԭľƸң
ڴھƵ˵ΨҾ֮вѰ㹻Ļᡣ
ķҪңȻˮ㡭
ѪǶķȻκγɣķ˵ʲôǾͻȥʲô
õźѪӰһѪȥȻѪִʣµѪ̣ȥѧԺŶľһƷȰѷ䰲
ԸЩķѪȥһշסԼ¥Լķ䡣
ΪţȻоϢһЩ仯
仯ԣڻϢ˵ҲûʲôǵʵĽǶȥǣȴȫһĵˣ
ԼԷķ㿴ѾӺ˯ֻСһĴСֻ۾̺ԣȴǱ֮ǰࡣ
ķߵ˴ߣֱ֫˲ӴķĻ
ķʶıס˻ĽӴԻϢоĸֱۡ
ʲô
ķȻĽٵԼǰΪȻ֣ʱĻѾ߱˲൱ڲε
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ǡɳǡ
ķǲȷĿŻʵ
ƫͷ˿ķ۾գ£ķΪҪѽѽıһѵʱȴȻԼǰצ
ԭཱུСצӾķǰֻצ˲ͻ
·һʮ׵ľ룡ԭɰĻһת˺ɭȻ
ûķӦ̧צԱһ˲γɣķҲǽڱȻȥ
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ʲôЦҿȫ˳ƶΪȫԸ
ôˣ
ѪҲ˽ӵ𶯾ڵȴѪЩͷԡ
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ķĻ˻ֻ֣۾ȴضŻ
Ȼ֣ڻܡ¾ٶ١


363 Ϊ˸ԵĿ
ҹĻ価Ƕ졢Բ¸ǱҲ𽥵ľ
ֻǴҹĽǶȥۿĻʵʹǬڵǳزû̫Ĳͬ
ΨһķֱҲھڣҹʱ˼ҪԶǳضöࡣ
һЩȽشĽʱڼҼһǻͨġ
ȻΪճ϶ܹ࣬ڱ֤һӻͬʱȥ
ྭشյˣƾΪҹǡ
Ǹʫ⣬Ҳݻ֡
ʱѧԺڣķԷǬԶԬ̡ĪԼҶȻڷĸλá
ѪһԲվķ󣬻ɱҶȻڻûκεĲͬ
ֻķżȴǳĪζҶȻʵоЩĪ
ԶҪ֪뷨㾿ûȥλáûȻһᡣĻӦЩԼİţǰľ棬ڽô̵ʱ˾޴ƣûκλᡣ
ķǬԶʵ
ڴ֮ǰѾǬݰϸ˵һ飬ҽԼĿҲ˳ֻûκιļǰɽ顣
ʵʵĹͻأЩҲֱף漰λ飬ԲǸǵ³
ķϣ˵ʳĻٲñҪһƬȻɴʱ˿̣ԷУԬǱƵˣĪһصʦ⣬ûκˣҶȻԲᡣ
⻰˲ڵ˳Էȴûκ¶κ
ֻǬԶһȷĴ𸴡
һĬǬԶڿķȻɫһƬĬȻȴΪᶨ
СʱҲҷ֣ɲҡ벻룬ʽ̧λãǾͱȥΪʧˣҲҲҸѧԺЩ£֪ûϣҲԴУķʦ˵ǰɣ
ǬԶҲȷĻشĪԬȫԵ˿
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ķЦǺǵ˵
ķʦ֪ô
ǬԶ˵ͷ󣬶ķʵ
ݳ´ѧʿĿǰ˹磬ڣȥҺͳ´ѧʱйһ֮Եĳ´ѧʿ³ɽ׸ôбȻպ飬Ҫģó´ѧʿԸƬ粨С
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⻰һĪԬͬʱȻؿǬԶķһı顣
£ĸ׺λ⣬û֪ˡĿǰ־ͳĸԨԴҪȻǸʡҲָӲ
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Ϊʵһɼ
פھ־һΪǴǬǿľӣȻ࣬սȴǼΪˣ˵ӵеϲεĸ֣ߴ߾ӵеһ𣬶޷֮ȣ
ķһֱΪǬԶİӦڳУȴû뵽ȻھС
͸ˣϾֻǹܳȨ
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ΪʲôҪôİңôҶȻˣôǱ߶õѡɣȻ飬ҶҲ׵Ľʵ벻ͨ
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ǵȻܡ
ûҪļôʱõİ취ȻǺǴȫͬϡҿɴΪǲҺȻ͸еġ
ԭˡ


364 ҩʦܲ
ѧԺĹأʦڽ̵֮ĵڶ죬ѧǶҪִͨһ챻ԴѧĶ
ҶȻǬԶҲͬˡ
ʦǶ˵Ľ̵Żһһ
ִڵȻΪҶȻǬԶȻҪԶѧԺ˵ִ̫ڣ˵˵ֻһ츳˷ѣ
̵ִ̫ڣ޷Щȫʦڵݡ
ֲʹѧԺڶǵĽ̵ϱʩ̣һΪ֮
Ŀǰʩ̻ûһȷжݣֻѧԺеѡ
ͷһʦ̵ӣڶʱ䣬ȻеҪִѧԺ
ҶȻСҲһʱУ԰ڼϣȻǰȡãѡԼС
⣬ҲͬˣȫԱȡʱѧԺֵĹ⾰
ķȴǱŻѪӣѧԺĴš
ķԶǴǬǳؿɱȣķѪӴѧԺҲûоͽӶƵĲгԼһĿĵȥ
ѧԺھڵλÿǺڣͨ˴ܲ϶ѧԺĸ
ʵսѧԺ;ʼѧԺУѧԺҲԶ
ڹ֮ʱ򣬿Կó֮˻Ƿǳ뷨ġ
佫ڿ϶еĸཨԲͬúͲְͬܣűĽȻھڣһһרŵС
ʹþĳǽȻͬʱҲʹþĴЧʼߡ
ԴʱķѪΪķ뷨ǽҪȥҩʦܲģѧԺǰҩʦܲǳĻʵֻҪʮӵĹԵִ
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ܴϸֻܲ֯ڹӴӰͶܹԹãܲҲͬĬΪٸš
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һŰɫͿԼʮңϢĸ֪ϣſжϵĳӦһƷҵ
ķ΢ЦǰԼ˵ֻĿķһۣȻóһŻűֽķձҪϢд
֪ǲķ̫Եʣ֮ճˣ̬ȿΪ䵭
ķҲ⣬ԼļϺűܿ㽫Ҫд꣬ȻݻԱ
Աֽӹ򵥵ɨһۣǹŰɫȴֱӱȻıȡ
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ҩʦܲܵ£ĵӻǲС
Աֽһǰϣŭĳķǳ
ķһü΢Ц˵Ҳ֪⻰ʲô˼ҩʦ壬μҩʦĿˣʲôϵ
ƨʲô⣡ӵкŽײҩʦˮƽͣҩһŶˣȻҳ˿֮ȥ
ԱеֽһչȻָլӴţŭ


365 ǣСѲ
ķ΢΢üɫתڵûĻֻĵطɣڱдҩʦˮƽҪ֤ĲΣȻôдˣΨһȨֻʵϱѣҾǲǾбԼдˮ׼ʲôϵʲôʸߣ
⸺ճ΢΢һϵŭɫࡣ
Ȼ޾粢ߣҩʦˮƽҲֻţһ׶㲻ϣҲᱻճ
վҩʦܲڹҩʦɽƽʱЩʲεĸҩʦܲҲһмӣ
׻˵ǰƷ٣ʵܳΪ̫׵ŷ˵ƷˣȻЩƷĴԱ֮ҲҪϹϾġ
ҩʦܲȻҲˡ
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֮ǰѪӵ͵վķȷʵû⣬ɴʱѪվ˳һɷľӢսʿˡ˵ڵˮ׼ˣƷľ磬Ƕвġ
㡭ǡǺôĵӣѵҪҩʦֲܲɣˣأҪܲ££
ɫһ任ԱվǾȫӸҪʱߺ
ϾǬҩʦͳܲţȻԱҲǾԵľӢ
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ķȴûҾ֣ǰֱߵǰԱǰ΢Ц˵ҵݽȥҽҪҩʦģô˾֮ɲá
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ǰԱһ֣߳ʱ˿æڽе
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֮ķ˵

ߵŭʱһϣʶЩ󣬻ҲԽһЩ


366 
ޣʲôǸһȻ⶯֣ǾҪۣ
ǰԱ˵
ȻߵĳͷЩ御ȥ±ſ
һԱѣôٻԼϲȥԴŰµˣҩʦܲĹزɣҪҩʦûһغͽӴҲͰˣҪĽѾ˹ҩʦҪԽԽ˥䣿ĻҩʦԸǰ룿
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˼ңҩʦôûйһԱΪ˵ĻҲҿˡҩʦ廹ǲҲաҪҽдҲΪѧԺʦҪץңչҪôѧԺ
ķٿǰԱǶźߣƽؿ˵
ԱƺΪ᳤ߣķ˵ԼѧԺʦɫ˱仯
ЩɻĴ˻ķʵѧԺʲôʱôʦˣ
ѵ˼Ҳ֪ѧԺ˴δԣӿֳ츳׿⣬һֱӱƸΪʦţ¡
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˵ιҪҩʦ壿
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ȻϾдı񣬲λİԱƢĴ󣬼ҲʵСĪľҪҸϳȥ֪ǲҩʦܲϰԹأ
ķһָӣ˵
᳤ˣ˵˵дʱǸӵкֲεҩʦˮ׼ϣȻдĺŽףôأԾҵģҪȥ
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ЦְֻǴճд˱ӦðչƶȽϣǷ߱ŽҩʦˮƽӦҩʦЩ𿼺˵ĿʲôʸϣƾʲôΪҿ϶ûкŽ׵ˮ׼һ۾Ϳһˮ׼ΣҲֻǸԱ˰ɣ
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ķͣͷպÿ߳
ȻҩʦģǾȸһȥãһҩʦļΣ֮飬ҩʦһһĽ
߹֮󣬳źõķһ֣˵
᳤ˣ
Ա㵳
죡ƽʱȱһ߻ˣ֪Լݣ뱻岻ɣ
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ԱȻֹ߷ŭǸæͷͬʱ͵ĿķһۣԹ֮ɫ
ķٿԱһֻۣٴγ߹˹֣Ȼ˳óķ򣬴Ѫ˹ȥ
ķ߹ֺ֮ݺݵصǰԱһۣҲŽȷʵûʲôµĻ㻹ܼ⣬ӵгҩʦˮ׼ֻǺ׵ĲΣ㶼Ծ̸ǹˣҩʦĸʲô֪ҲͲȥˣ
˵꣬ͬٿǰԱתźȥ
ǰԱǻһ£ͷܿ־壬ȴҲȥֻÿ첽ϣȴֻķûκα£򡭡ǶҪΪôһͻֱӱˣ
ڴǻվŵ߲ûиǽӦʲôѾ˺ãЩǽ塭
һʱ䣬֪δǰ档
ڱ򵹵ЩһأڵϲͣİţѪֲȴصǶʱ޷
΢ĥ£æһȥһȥϵýĴý
ϾҩʦܲĴãôǽİţʵÿ


367 ˷
ߵĴ֮£ķѪ˺һլڡ
լһƬյģֻլӵмڷһ˶ҩ
լӵǽڣͳһڷҩҩȻűĴ洢Ÿָҩ
ҩʦܲרҩʦһˮ׼ĵطҩҲʵǷƷ
߽Ʒҩ򣬲ǶڴǬһ֮ڣʵǾƷ֮еľƷˡ
ķѪլӣߴԱҲǽ롣
֮⣬ų۵˽
ڽ֮󣬶ͬ߹ŸվҩΧ
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ȷʵȷʵСѣҩʦĿ˷ǳ򵥣ҩǺ߽׵ҩǽڵĹõǸҩģһ׵Žףд洢ҪģҩѡԼΪԵҩģȻƳӦĵҩҩƷףǾͻΪôƷ׵ҩʦʱдһı񣬾ˡ
˶٣˿ķı󣬽˵ȻĺôԼҪеЩҪʽ̸֮⿼˹УҪõҩҲҪм۴йСӦܹ⡣
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˿ķߵҩԱߣ˵ͷɽͷ֣ķûκҪϤҩ˼ֻǿ˿΢ȻתǽϵҩȥȻǴֱѡҩˡ
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Ϊķľٶ˼ʱķȴǺȻ˫ۻһԲŨԪɲǼԲ֮УһǿҵȻ˷ĳҩ֮гȥ
ǡǡ˷
ԭɵ۵̬˲䣬һ̤ǰŵı飬ʧе


368 
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гķŤͷһ΢Цͷ˵һ䡣
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ҩĵҩԷǳ棬ܶʱ½ֻϸ΢Ĳ𣬶пһ鵤ɴĶҩ
ҩʦƵҩʱ򣬾£ᾡܵĽԼԹһ԰ͰȫĻС
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Ͳķ˵
ķںԻĹУϵĶҲʼղͣҩûκβԾ״֣浹ҲķȷʵǸбµģȻͬķ˵ȴҲҡ
ϣ˵屾ܣɲһɲİϰȥơܹʶıҩıԣٸЩԣȥȻȻĸı䡣Ȼô˵ˣҲֻΪں˵˵
ķʼ磬˷Ѿҩڵ¶ȵѣҩıûоκ¶Ĺɣֱӱڰ˷бԪûκҩЧʧ
ķľٶԸӴݡ
ķվҩԣɫ糣ĽҩеЩҩƳҪ״̬Ȼ˴˽ŵ䣬ٶ֮죬ֱۻң
𿼺˵ҩʦѾɴ۾ʵ޷ԼһС
ҩʱһβСĽжķǰ
ķôһĵӣ
ƫƫҲͰˡɹ̿ʼ˳ûκ⣡
۽ֱ飬ķƵҩḶֻ́Լĳ̶ֹһһı
һη֣ԭҩƣ
Ĺ̾Ϊζˣͨ˷ҩ֮ʣµľֻǰͰĽҩƳѡ
Ҫ˵ķƹʲôرĵطǾǡٶʵ̫ˣ
ķַ÷˸оۻңҩĳٶҲԶҪö࣡
֪ҩҪΣҪʱƣΪͬҩ֮ҩںϣһĹ̡
ֽڳʶ֪ȴķﱻˡ
ؿķ޷ٶȣܿҩԵĻϣķչֳԪֻƷʦҵľ磬ƫƫԪǿȣȴԶԶѾʦܹﵽļޣ
һŵʺţʵǲⷢķϵЩ顣
·ÿһóǶгʶս͵߸
䣡
ҩһķ˫ڶһģɢŹεĵҩҩƾնȻķһץС
ŵҩ˲һƬ磡
㣿ȻȻǵ㣿
𿼺˵ҩʦ˲ͬһ˼
һĿŴ͡
ԱɫһƬҰ׵ֱӵ˵ϡ


369 ڼ
ҩʦƷףҩƷףȻƳĵҩҲƷ׵ġ
µҩƷ緱ǣһŽȻȫЩҩ˴֮Ĳ඼ֳ
ͬһƷ׵ĵҩҲŷǳԵĸ֣֮ͬһֵҩͬ˵Ҳȫͬļֵ
һöҩĹس̶ȣǻŸĲͬ仯
ҩʦȴһϵĹڼƷҩжϱ׼
Ǿǵ㣡
ܹڳͳĵҩһƷĵҩ
ǿɢĵҩôӵһĵ׼ۣκˣҪҲûûҪҲգҲöҩЧΣļֵ׼ۡ
ΪֻҪܹɢĵҩô䱾ҩЧʲôٻ߱һͳһص㡣
ɶԷߵмѵĵ
ߴﲻ١ٲֵĳ̶ȣԷߵмôȴǰ϶ġ
Ȼ˵ĹأȻҲͲ֤ܹɢĵҩǶôϡ١
ʵϣҪƳɢĵҩҩʦƷ׸ߣġ
ΪΪҩʦĸ᳤˽ҩʦǬҩˮƽߵĶ޼
ɼڳΪҩʦʮʱһҲֻܹɢĵҩ
ƳЩܹɢĵҩζϾԺķʱƳ⼸ţ˺üΣ
˵Ϊ
𾪣ʵ޷һֻʦεˣΪʲôܹƳŨĵҩ
һʱ䶼ȥעķƵľʲôҩҩƷˡ
ҩĶͬƷϵȵģҩҲܺãⵤҩĳЧȻ᲻ѪӣмۣѸøƱϣȻöҩˡ
ķöҩɨһۺЦ˵
˵ͬʱֽöҩѪ˹ȥ
Ѫ˳ֽӹȴöҩʲôãȻķԣȻҲԥԴӻͳһƱѯķѡȡЩҩģҪ֧ˡ
ʱǻعѪӵѯԼķ˵Ļֿ˿Ѫöҩ˲Σ˿ƺһӾͱü
⡭⡭ڼ㡭ȻҪ̴һγԵţ⡭⡭ܼӡܼӣȻڼȻڼ
ҲЩͣҲ֪ĻǱԭ
ϣⵤҩģҩҲм۸㣬ҩȻ⴦áڼȻϡУЧһ㣬ֻڲεǿƾһƷѣÿֻܷöٶñ㲻κЧ˵ˣվǸĵҩֵһġ
ķſ˵
Ѫŵҩֶʱһ׹ķľʲô
Ȼķ˵⣬ѪȴǳܹڲεǿƾһƷֵҩļֵΡ
һ뵽ԼүǰֵҩһֱӸöԼү˼ֵҩһֻܳţ»࡭Ѫӱֻһ󼤵
ˡֺη
ֵһ᣿
ŽɫķòƻƵۣȴȻԼҲʲôĻ
ܹɵľͽڼƳ˵Ҳȷʵǲֵһ˰ɣ
ȿȣķѡõЩҩģͲøˣֱӸһöڼΣ
ϵĻһˣֻո˵һ䣬ͿķһЦЦı飬̲סٴһ죬ګګ˵Ҳ֪ҪǹݣɵŨڼҩʦǳҪø᳤ȥһ¡ҪһЩĲģȴ
ķ۾Ҳɣֱ˵Ѫӣһöҩȳööҳٸ
ķķԸѪȻκ
û뵽ķȻ˵ĸɴ࣬㶵ؿѪѾݵϵڼ̧ͷ˿ķЦݵӣæǷҴҩʦ壬лĿ
˵⻰ͼˣοˣҲҲҩʦԺҾԼˣαô֡
ķ˰֣ǲ˵
ǰһסĵͷûԺҾԼˣķģȴӦһִµλáڼǺ߽׵ĵҩҩıƷ׺ͳƷҩвԼҪƣɹʶǼΪµģȴû뵽㾹˾Ƴֻƾҩˮƽһ᳤λãҲӦõġ᳤λãҪ᳤ǱͬУҪȵҺͻ᳤Ǳ֮󣬲ܾ
ĻرˣֱӳΪҩʦĸ᳤ķȻǸĺϢ
㣬ߣſ״ΪָҪǶٻ¡ӽ쿪ʼ㱻ˣʰ
Ťͷֿ˵ڵϵԱһ˵
ԱĴã˶ʱͬ˻һ㣬Ŀȫ


370 ҩʦ
ͺ˳ˣ֮ǰķͻİԱֱӱϳҩʦܲ
ķԱȥУʼһԲĬĬ۲š
ֻҪӶԷܹ¶Թ֮ɫڽ֮󣬰ѪȥԱɱ
۶ԷǰôСһĻԹпԺĳһעⲻĻڣһЩԤ֪ıʡ
ķʲôĴˣȻ֪նݳĵ
ȻԱʰȥ̵УķûдӶԷϲԹ֮⡣
Ա·ڱϳҩʦһ˲䣬Ѿһ㡣
ͬʬ⣬ҲϢ
Ȼ˵ҲĲķȻҲȥϾɱ
ЩˡǻţȴҲ졣
ķͬ£˼ҩʦҴĴ˽⵽ҩʦ嵱ǰҪܹ
ҩʦĿǰӵеڲҩʦǧ
ϣڴǬľڣһЩӴҩʦ⣬ҩʦĳԱ
ҼЩӴҲµһЩҩʦ
ΪҩʦյԴӰʵֲ̫ȫ⣬϶Ҫںõķ档
ҩʦĿǰһŽײεĻ᳤˽ײεĸ᳤Լ߽ˮ׼ִ¡
ʮһ˱ҩʦ쵼;߲㡣
ҩʦбȽشľǴʮһ˵ľ֮ȷġ
ôֱӱķһִµݣ֮ڣѾǾ׵ˡ
ķľƳڼ飬ΪԼʵЩᣬԲŻҪȵ᳤ſܸܲķһ᳤ְλ˵ǡ
ΪҩʦĳԱ֮ȻǺôࡣ
Ĳ˵ֻ˵ҩĵĲɹϣҩʦĳԱڲԼΪŻݵļ۸񣬲ɹκҪɹҩ
ڲڻи߽ҩʦҩĽΣȻƵʲߣЩ߽ҩʦľǶҩ⣬ڵͽҩʦ˵ȴȫ޼֮
ټܲһȨܹ뵽ҩʦ嵱Уһҩʦ˵϶ڱ׵ʵ顣
֮ԵģȻҲԱҪغάϵ
һ㣬ûкķ˵ķҲûйʡ
ڶҩʦһȽ˽֮ķѪӽöڼȥ
ȻжϵĳڼȻƵļΪɹģû˷չʾĻվڳɹĳ̶ȣһȷĸ
ķҪҩʦ޶ȵȥԼٲñҪôһչʾĹ̡
ЧҲ˿ûķʧ
ѪڳԵöڼڵԪ㿪ʼ˷ķ֮ǰѪǴµЩԼڼӴַ̲ûжѪ̫ĸӰ죡
Ǽӵʱ䣬ѪӾǰӲĴӶƷڵľ磬Ʒڣ
һֱƷڵ۷Σͣ
⻹ֻڼҩЧоŵǣùڼˣھڼ֮󣬶ȻҪϢԸԽʽķɳӶӲ
ϳʱ䣬һЩϲޣһµʱҲеġ
ѪôӲƷľ֮󣬳ԪЩ⣬Ȼûκ֣
ʵˣ
˱֣ķǱѾߵĳ޵ۣٴһ߶ȡ
οķʦεľ磬һ㣡
ӡУķ֮ǰɾûκһʦεҩʦܹﵽĸ߶ȡ
ǵȵķΪڡʵĻҩһܹȡõĳɾ͡ǻˣ
˸飬ﵽԼҪﵽĿģķȻҲʹҩʦܲиǡ
֮ǰΪ˱ʾҩʦܲķӣķܲѡһЩҩĴȥҩʦķļ
ЩҩĶҩʦУΪ᳤ȨȻеġ
ķҲָЩҩĺ͵ҩѾĿգҩʦﲹһЩҲû
ķûѡֻ̫࣬һЩܹڼҩģԼһЩƷ׵ҩġ
ЩƷ׵ҩĿһЩĵҩ
űЭԼʮѪ̣ͨڼǿǵڶʱڱһ
һֱķͳܲţķѪʧ˳֮кһекһȥĳطҩʦĻ᳤˽лء


371 ˵
Ƶڼ
ҩʦܲԺһ鷿һͿҲʮͷˣϿʵ
ʱһöҩԼǰϸع۲š
ϹϾվ˵ԣ˵ѯʣæͷǵģ᳤ˣڿ˵ĹУƶɡɵʱ磬ʱѾɢࡣ
Ѿþûгɢĵҩı淽ʽˡⵤҩڳֱӷõĻҪøӦĵĺܣֱֻӷŵռ֮д档ϧĺӣѾһû˰ɣ
˵˫ʼնϵĵҩȴЩп˵
ϸһ˿εɫɿһԴǸ˵ȷʵûˣǰмӳûгɢĵҩżҲԴϵ˷ѣ𽥵Ķˡ
㲻Щ˥䣬Ĵ󣬶սԴ⣬Ҷûа취Ťתοˡ
˽еĵҩŵǰϣ̾˿
᳤ˣѵһһǣµǻǻ֮Ȼλǳġ
Щĵʵ
壬ʦͷʦͬƵ⡣Ϊ̫⼸ӰѾ֮ʵʱ򣬲Ż˲ڵĶ֡ҪԼİûκɣ½ֻǻɺ͵ǣԳΪֵɡ
˺һЦ˵
һԻĹܵСӰ죬ֲǲֶ֧¡αء
Щ벻ͨ
һġǧһۣڼȵڱµǻ֮ǰʵѾ˱ıԵ⻼ݡʮʱ䣬ŽıײһһȫڳĹһһĻܵԿʼצķǰȶľ潨һ֮ϣǱǱλɱûأĶʢ棬ѹ𣿡
ҡͷ˵
Ƕĳӣôܻз⣿
ͻȻúί
ҩʦЩԼЩһƽʱԼ֮ȥУʮһգµ޷ȥΡ
ЦЦԼߵ˷ĴǰŴƵɫѾ֦ͷ
˵ؼûз⣬ؼûзλʱоԵİտסһУԸɣһǿҲһԼģŶܹһΪһףҪڶµǻ֮ǰɨƽЩ⳯ϰ»Ӱ쵽Ĺ
ǡĻǺͱµ㷢˳ͻĹ𣬻ڽʱȥķ
ǰֻޣһֻޱǿ󣬵Ҳͬʱ鱩ŰѿơһֻСȴǳָʹֻѡһֻѡʲô
˲ûмش⣬Ťͷֱӷʵ
˵Цļ򣬽˵ȥķû⣬ûĻһ᳤ְλȻ˵Һر£ǴҵҲͬ¶Ǿ˵ҪΪһȺ˸ԡҪһЩ顣
᳤ˣڲ㱣ֳĬˣ
˵϶ʱ˾ϲɫ
ڳĬбڳĬ˶Ҿʱȷʵ޷΢ЦԶԣ¾ǸˣǱ¡
˿ϵöڼ𣬷˻У㳯ȥ
һһ˵ӱѧԺԭķҲȥķȻ֮⣬Զķ˵ǻѵġҪʱ򡣡
˼ǡ
΢΢һ㶡
ʱѾӣȴǴ⴫
ÿ˵ΪԵõ͵ıȻԭڵǰľ£ܾµΨһܹ͵ɣķҪ֧һӡ»ڣǲֱӵжǿͨһЩӷʽһЩ顣
ŽнԶԭط˻һ˷ܵĴӦһ
ʱķҩʦĻ᳤Ѿ͸뷨ʵϣҲ⡣
ΪԭһĽķǬݸоΣǬݲٶʮİա
ǰľ£ǬʲôҲ˳˳ļ̳лλķǬݶֻжܶ෸
ҲǬԶΨһĻᡣ


372 еĶ
ҩʦܲڻĵϣҶȻ˲ѧԺ
ȡִھ⣬ԤҪִҵʱ䡣
ȻΪ˻ᵢһҶȻǬԶĽʦָȻѧԺûиǽȡǱ֤ѧԺȽʦָмֵ
ȻˣķҲȥ̫ࡣ
ûлסķڻ֮󣬱ֱӰѪȥ¥ϢԼǴŻңȡЯҩҩʦ͵Щҩȫ˳
ȻѪӲȥЩùڼ뾭״̬ȻɻϢȣʵϢǷǳбҪġ
֮⣬ķһЩָϢȵĵҩԭʹŵЩҩģټϽҩʦܲõһЩ㹻ˡ
ǰʮѪҪͬʱҪƳ㹻Ѫ̷õ
ķ˵ҲǸСḶ́ҲҪķѼϵʱ䡣
ڼ޾ΨһֱƷ׵ĵҩ
ʵϣڿʼʾޣжӦģֱӷƷ׵ҩ
ֱΪֹ޷ͨҩȥꡡ
ķһҲжţ˵УǴſεֱƷ׵ĵҩ
֮޷ƳһΪƱѶѾܹﵽļޡ
ΪԪŨȣ޷ṩεǿȥƷ׵ҩġ
ķǰľ磬ܹƵҩҲڼ⻹ΪڼҪҩıȳƷҩƷҪͣϵЩƷ׵ĵҩķҲΪʱԲÿǡ
һϵʱ䣬ķķ֮Уڼ˱͵ڼ⣬ǲûз顣
һֱڶ糿ķѾƳ˽һöڼԼͬ񵤣еҩĶһƳɹÿһöڼɢŨļƷ
֪ķڼʱɹʾȻﵽ˷ָĳ̶ȣλʶҩʦ帱᳤ֱΪ𾪶ȥҲ˵
ӵҳʱѪѾȺڿ֮С
ͨϢĸ֪ȷѪӵ״̬ѺķЦŴԼĿռָóһӣӸѪӡ
Լһڼһ񵤣ĸѪ͹ȥѪǣÿڼ񵤣ȫ£Ҫһ̷һһɣóȥأⵤҩĵɢԽ࣬ҩЧͻܵԽӰ졣
ѪӽӹӺ㶵ӣķЦſ˵
Ѫһķ˵ҩЧӰ죬϶ʱ˽ɫͬķһת˷ӡ
ķǱŻյĸԼ˵ͣӸ˻öڼԼ򵥵ĳ˵㶫
ͻȻֻڼΪϲ͵ԵöڼϢı仯ƺֻ֮˶ӺȻķ벻ͨеԭȴҲνڼȥι
Ĵ󣬵ľͺá
ŻڵĽöڼԽ˶ӣȻһͷһſϣķ緹ЦǺǵ໨СԴ
ȻϲҪǻ˸ˣǻ㣿
䣬ӵĴٴαѪ˽
үѾַȥˣҲǵҩãиСʱ䣬ǾͶҩӰˡֻ˯һûֿտյĸоǳĺʵүĵҩ˾÷˼
Ѫ˵꣬ķѾŻֹѪӼ߽Ķڵ߰ɣҪȥʦܲһһȡʱ䣬嶼ȥ
ǣүү壬ĶԶջа𣿾жӸλɶ飬Ҳһ˾Ϳöİɣʱ嶼ԸУǵù
ķӣţѪЩɻʵ
ԽǷƽ˾ʱ򣬰ԽǰӿΪֳô޺ʵֻҪһֻһˡ
ķζ˵
ѪӲǺܶȴҲûжʡ
˴ѧԺ˳ǰеķȥ
ʦܲڵλúҩʦܲڵλಢԶȻдֵļһϡ
ԴѧԺ֮ǰеĵ·첢ûʲô
ܻЩ棬ķɿȤʮ㣬̬ԶһĻ棬ο⻭е֣һСǻۡ
·һ룬תһֵϣ˳٣ɲ֪ΪʲôķȴȻоһ˿⡣
ɫ䣬ȴǲ©ۼԷŻٶȣѪӲһͬʱС˲ԼΪģܸǣ
ǵķΧԪķĸ֪Уķͬʱ֣Զ˵Ԫ壬ޱĳ࣡
һڲϵĽӽ
ۿžѾֻ˵ļһѷĶУһ˵УϢĳķ


373 ֻ
ȻԷжǳͻȻΧŵġĦ˿ûоķȴԾɵһʱ˷Ӧ
ΪСĸӦҪԭķΪɱֱֵ
ܶԷѾصķǳãٽ֮ǰȴɲôһ޵ɱ⡣
ķǰһ˿
ԡӦòרҵġ
Ǻֵɱֻ֣Ͳεһɱ֣ǱҲ᷸Ĵ󣬳ǵ˳ֵһ̣򲻿ܱ
ԺЩͷһķѾ˷ӦСһӾûгκƫƣȴպýд̻λÿͬʱ͵ץסɱֵһֻѸٵ˵ĸ첲£
Ŷеɱƺһһ첲ʱʧȥȫеĶҲֵ˵ϡ
ķһֱӽɱֳ˹ֳ̧ɵɱֵĲʹһ£Ȼ㽫˲䱻ɱƵһѪӵߡ
ڸղķͻȻŻ˲еٶʱѪӾ֪Ҫ·ԴʱķȻһƵԣҲûæңֻǺȻĿסɱ֣һֻסɱֵǣֻҪɱ˿ƶһʱ佫֮
ȻɱѾԱķΣѪȴûκεķɡ
գۼסһɱֺķûκͣ٣ŤѾûжֵɱȥ
ŵĽַǳΣķŶеɱֶûκζĶΧӵ˳ûз쳣ĵط
ɴʱķȻչһԾ𣬶ʵ̫Щ
Χӵ˳һӾͻǵڶɱҲͬǴһ
ԷȻû뵽СĽжȻᱻķ
ۿķͻȻԾ𣬳ԼڶɱûκԥʱתԾ˵·ԱߵķϣԼͬ鶼ܲˣǴôֱӵˡ
ķȻ˶ȻɶԷߡ
ɱԾܺķͬӶȻ˾ôһǰһģѸʧ˽ֵЩյĿ֮С
ԭſķϵĻȴķӶ֮ǰŤһѪӵļϡ
ھֻͨˣ۽ҲԶڵҪߵö࣬ԽֵЩĿⷬʵˣ˷׷׿ʼ̸⣬ǲû¶ٺµ
Ϊھ֮еĸʵ̫ˣ޸ھΪĻȻҲʲô³
Զھİ޲Ǹ߸ϵĴڡʵĻھյΧȻˣȻûʲôȥµġ
Ѫǿ˹ȥɱ֣ûκעתֳѧԺķȥ
ȻɱֵʵѪţķȻôɴ׷ȥȻžԵİգѪӵҲķİȫ⡣
ɱ־ֱķӣѪڿﲢûеȶãķɫصŶ롣
үǸɱ֡
ɱ֣սķʽȥжϣӦǴľӢƷң׷Ϻ֪ҵĶ֣ɾѡɱֹĻᶼûһС岻ӵھĴֲΣֲֻڵľ磬Ǵһȵɡ
ķ˵ţѾߵ˱ѪڵϵɱԱߣֱ̧ӲɱֵĺϣԪ£˲佫ɱֵΪȫϵ

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ģǾطԳɱҲɱ֣øԼ鷳ȻһеУ֮ǰҪ֪һЩ
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ķ΢΢һЦԪĴɱֵԿ֮С
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Ӧͨе滺ʹȴķĿ֮£ɱ޷һ˿һĶ˫ϵѪܱ𣬷·ʱпֱӱը
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ʹɱֲܿƵĽԼŲҧϣɲǼѪɱȴ
ķ΢ЦûΪɱֵķӦϵı仯
Ȱ㻹ǰ֪ĸҲźãҶֶ̫Ρ֣ͨԴԽӰ죬ֱܵޱߵʹһԱֱιȥȻܣʵЩĥ˵ֶǰŲȥ
ķǳƽͣƫƫ˵ȴɱ־쳣˼ľʹ֮УҲɸоëȻ
֪ˮһưưĽʲôζ𣿷ˮϣˢӰһˢѪˮֱ¶ɭɭ׹ǣǾǵһ㡣аƤӼ׵µһѱƤֳ룬õֿƤ⣬չһ˺Ҫȵһ֣ܶĥ˵ķʽʵֶ
ķƽˮ˵ţһԵѪӿɱЩȥˣοھʹ֮еɱֱˡ
˵ЩķҲͣԼԪĥɱֵľٶ
ɱžʹʧͫ˲ɢڴڵĲͣŴ˿ƺһ㡣
ϣǳѾŤһĿ־塣
ҡ˵֪ʲôҡҶ˵ֻ󡭡ֻ


374 ʦܲ
ǰʦܲ·ϣķɫǺܺÿ
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ɱ֣һɱһڱʳҪ֪Ķķֱӽ֮Ӹ˾ѲֵĲۡ
ʵϣķ׽ɱո֪֪֮󣬱оõĲֱӵš
ΪķڽֵϵΪ˲СĶټϾС£ԾõĲǷӦ֮죬ҲͿˡ
ԭյѯ۵뷨ķӦøһŵģϾķץɱ֣ȫµƼأֻɱֵȥҲʵý
ȻķѧԺʦݣȴûа취ǿֻܿ
ڱķܾ֮Ҳûκֻ֣Ѿķĥİɱ֣뿪ѧԺУ
Ȼ·˴ɱķûд˱ıԤг̡
Դ֮ķѪٴγѧԺ³Ŷʦܲȥ
ǰɱ˶ǲƷҵķֻͨƷʦĻ˵
鲻ѵȴԭ򣬶Ǵӻ׽ɱ֪
ķǳǣɱǰˣɵκһڳ˼
ݻ׽ɱ˵˼ڱѧԺ󣬲ûзرĿֱӸǬԶס
ˣǳ˼ʹӣ̼Ұͬ˼һڵġ
ʱ˼һֱѻ˵ĵ䣬ҽԼѧԺԭȫķͷϡ
ʱ֮󣬱ķͷ
˼ҲڼʳĽϰˣκ뷨ǺıֱӿʼȥɱĹ̺͵ص㣬ʵ϶ųĳ̼ľ
ȻǬԶǲģǬԶε޴ҲȻǻֹ˼ֲǵĳ嶯Ϊ
үΪѵĻǿѺٴɱһһϣҲǸ˶Էһѵ롭ԷӦûɣ
һ·ϿķʼüͷӣѪ̲סȰ˵
ѺԭһʼģƣǬݸܵ㹻ѹȻڳȥԸǬԶڿ뷨ЩһԸˡ۳˼ľٶô޴ȻѾ飬ҾͲܲκηȻͼƻЩȴҲʲô̫ĸɰ
ķҡҡͷ˵һӶʦܲȥȥѪ֣Ѫȫɳȥҽ̸ǵЩǱ͸ٵļûɣȥҪ֪ǬԶǳ˼һһҪֵĻһܽȫժȥİ취ϾǾǣóȻжܻܿٲ
ǣү
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ЩҩʦǣʦսҪǿ࣬ΪıҪӵӦ޾⣬߱ľ΢ƿأܹһĶʦȻҲǿս
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һãִġ۵㿪ʼڶ
ܹڶʦܲӵһĶʦҲҪ߱ϵĶˮ׼ʦĺó쳹û⣬ǿȵԪͬݺᡭ
ʵҪҩʦܲ𱬵Ķࡣ
Ƕʦһ·ߵһԺһЩżĶʦڵ֪ķҪжʦȼĲԺһȫ²ĸ˹
һЩԭԼĶŬĶʦ˳
ڵķԵǸԺʱ򣬸ֵĶʦȻѾﵽʮ֮࡭
⣬ǾӣǶʦЩŤҩʦһÿһڶʱЩԼϰߣÿһ˶ҲЩеķ񡣵ԽǾжظԵĶʦڴﵽƿʱԽͻƣʱ࿴ʦϰߣԼγһЩµк뷨룬ҲӦܹġ
·ʦָָԺмڷŵĶ̨ȻЦͬķ˵
ķ˿ΧЩʦľһҲмǵվһ䣬ϳ˺ɫⲢҲνĵ˵ͷ
ȷʵǶʦǵϰߣҩʦҩĹо˵ĴţʦڶĹУȴǺϲͬб˴˽ӡ֤ġ
ҩʦĹ°ʦǵƢӵˬʣҲýӴһЩ
׼һЩİɣȻ֤ˮ׼ܷܲ¡
ķ̨Լ̨ЩõĹߣЦͬ·Ķʦ˵
ŶʦӦʣķ㱨ʮֲͬĿơ
ֻЩĵƱ󣬴ԺԭЩȴȫʧֵĶʦһͳһһı飬ķ


375 ˵Ķ켼
ЩɶǺ׵Ŀģûľ磬ƵЩĵġұ㣬ȻܲﶼУҪʹãҪԼģ֮ʧܣɾҪˡϾֵȼĿģʵǼֵơ
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ģ֪ԼʲôҵǰԴĿƷʵļޣȻΪչʾԼˮ׼ҵȻ
ķ΢Ц˵
Դѵ㡭㡭ӵεɡ㿴ᰡ˵еķϻͯɣ
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ȷķǳԼʲô·ǰĶʦڲٶ˵к˼ʹӣȻһӣüʹȥ׼Щġ
ȺĹΪģķֽ̨ЩõĹָ߰УǶ촸˼¡
ķĶΧ۵ȺʦУվڽȴ˲ǰһ
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ķŵ˶̨ԱߣȻ⼸ʹվԺӵԺǽ£ȴʱʱ
Ȼԭ϶ˣķ㲻ٵ飬Ԫ̨µ¯ȼͬʱд߶¯ڵĻ漫ʢ
ֻͨ¯ôǾԲЩѾƷ׵ĿģҪƷ׵ĿģͱԪΪںˣγ֮Ȼܹ
ԶʦľߵֱͣӾܹĻ棬ǿȵĴС
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ֻ֡Ʒʦľ硭ΪʲôԪȴܹǿĳ̶ȣ
ķԪţȼ¯Χ۵Ķʦȷķľ硣
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䣡
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һʱ䱾ܵı㾪
ǼվڽĶʦԭĿתĶķĶÿһ˶¶֮ɫķÿһûͣƽš
ɵʦľ֮󣬼ȴͬʱɴ۾ԭصɫʱıȡ
Ѫʽ˵ʹõǴѪʽʲôЦⲻܣ
վǶʦԵһʦܵĿڷʵŵɡ
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ϳķʩչʲôʦ˵
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һΧ۵Ķʦһ͵૵
ĶʦȻͬ뷨ֵҲͲûб϶١
ʵϣЩʵܹϳѪʽģΪʦȻ֮ļֶַ˽꣬´δʩչԼҲ޷ѧᣬٶ⼸ֶַص㣬ǻ˽ķǳϸµġ
һķ̫ᣬΪǼֶĶַѶȼֱɥĲĳ̶ȡ
ЩΧ۵Ķʦǣûȥ룬ų˸ղĳ棬һȺʦΧķ˺һ֮󡭡žķʹõģʲô
ԭվڱȽԶľ֮Χ۵Ķʦǣʱ׷׾£ķĶֻ̨ô׵ľ֮ͣΧ£ĽŲ
Ǽվڽ䵱еĶʦҲİʦһʮʦһӵķͶ̨ΪģΧһֱ߰׵Ȧ
ķûΧı仯ʼרעڽеĶ죬һԭκ󣬺Ъһԭ
ͬʱַȴֱӷ˸Եı仯


376 ޶ʽ
ԭʹáѪʽжʱ򣬶촸ķһعһ¡
촸ԭ֮ײ֮ʹôԺȫЩͷĿѣĸо
ײһĪѪҲԺɢ
˶֪ǡѪʽص㣬ҲЩëֱ
ɴʱһԭķĴȴǺȻˣ
󿪴صĴͻȻƮ䴸ԭ֮ϵʱʱС
ķѾԲ˸첲һԵĶûκһݺԭϣȴǶҲᷢ
ɵķΪֻ΢̧촸Ȼɿԭһţȴֻһ
͹ܹγĶԱȣΧ£һĶʦ۾ɵĸ׼£ǱĪ˺ü
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һʦе
ĶʦȴûбֵĶôһ۾ķһı鿴Ѿľһ㡣
ڷķʩչĴȻǡѪʽʱԺＸ뵽˺䶯ĵزÿһΧ۵ĶʦԼ۾鼤£ЩʦһѪڰĿܡ
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Ŀķʩչš޶ʽٶȼĽ̨ϵԭɾĴֺͣ޼ЪĿʼԭ
Χ۵Ķʦǲɵ˿ĭ
ˡѵҪϢ𣿣
ڽжʱҲķûκͣٺϢ
ʦḶ́һΪԪḶ́ǵ˺ĽϲεǾʹû˵˭ܹһǳɵĶģ
һЩƷ׵ʦΪ˱֤״̬⣬ĹлʶĽϰһʮ¶Ǻ顣
°һʱ䣬Ҳûгֹ
ԿķôͣЪĶԺײεԭд죬Χ۵ĶʦʵЩɵۡ
ؼۡѪʽǡ޶ʽֶĶ켼ɶԪģҪļɸĶ࣡
ƫƫķģȴ·ǿȵĶ죬ȫ޷κθһ㣡
Χ۵ĶʦĿɿڴĿķı任ֶ켼ɣ˿ûͣٵı㽫ʮֲͬԭȫ˿ߵӡ
ţ˶ΪķܸϢһʱķȴǽеĿȫڵ˶̨ϣ
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⡭⵽ô쵽ģ
Ķ˵򵥣ҪĻֱȵ컹ѣ
οǷĶȥ򵥵飬ڷֱʩչĶ켼ɰ
Ԫܹ֧סֲֿģôģ
Ǽ˹ˡ
ķû˿Ϊѵӣɫʼ糣⾪׵飬·ַö˵ֻǺƽľٶһ㡣
Χ۵ЩʦʵоԼҪˡ
пڶ𽥵ıںһԼҪĳֵĹ̡
ȻЩķһĶУĳΪһ壬ɺģǾ˷ϵľţΧ۵ĶʦʵЩƣˡ
Դӿߵںϣһֱε̵УԺķһֱӶ촸Щ⣬ûгֹκζӵ
ֱȫɣķеĶ촸ֱԪǳεа¯нһԪ֮ΧЩʦµɴ۾
ʵǺ桭˷һЩĶǵĶ̣նǸʲôӡ
ķûǵȶã¯̣֮ԪյĳƷ֮¯֮ק˵ǰ


377 
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ֱͣ氼ݵѪۣмһֱֱȫһ߰ҡ
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Щʦڿ˴ȫòĵһʱ䣬Ѵ˿־ĵطʲô
氼ݵѪۣʹѴгΪֲոߣ
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ǱִдҪĲλô˲䱻ƻѪܱӿ޷ֹסѪ
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Χ۵ĶʦǸо𾪵ģȴѴеĴС
һ߰ҵĳȣټΪխʹѴеͣ忴ķĵЩԭʮ֮һ
֪ͨĶУ˶ĿģܹõĳƷڴСϺĵĿı㲻жٳ롣
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ܹԭܶԭٴѹֻ޶ʽܹ
ָͷΧ۵ЩʦǵԺвϻķŴУ򵥵趯˼£ЩʦȴֻͨеͺȥЩжϡ
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ķʦȴл˹һ󣬳ʹվŵĵط֡
ʱһʹӶһͷС˹
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ķ˵ͷҲ˵ָֻͷŴебеţͷϷ
Χ۵Ķʦһֱ˲ӣؿķЩĪľٶ㲻ķҪʲô
Ҫ֤Ƿ㹻ҲӦŴеֱȫԸĽд̻ǣû㹻ĳͬƷ׵ôܻƷߣ
һãȻʱķŴֱָȻɿͷϷĴжʱȥ
ţû˷ӦǴб̶ͬһ㡢ֱӴ͸Ƕͷ
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Ǵ׾ٵĴ͸ͷ֮󣬾ֱֱĲͷ·Ķ̨ϣ
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ķֽǶ͸ͷ¶˲̨ĴУһʱ䣬ԺһƬһļž
ʶס˺۾ȫǱС

Ƕ̨ϡ
Ϊܹǿ̨ļģ
ƫƫŶ̨ȻǴ׾ٵĲС
ķûκ׹һɵģ
ѴСʲô̶ȣ
Է۵Ļ˵ǺˡǺ߽ں˽׵Ҳ޷Ȱɣ
ȿȡ⡭Ǿˡ̶˿ţȻǴﵽ׼ˡ֪Ƿʱ䣬żĻɷȥһǶʦĻ᳤ˣ
ķǰʦǲͣس鴤ţӦʱһΪѿЦݣǹͬķ˵
ԺİʦƣЩʦҲ֮һ׷׼ǰҪϸĹ۲ǰѴС
ϧûǶ࿴ۣķѾдӶ̨ϰγȻС
Ҳʦķֱǰʦ˵ͷڵǰ·ɡ
ǰĶʦæӦһȻ·ȥ
ķʦ³ԺӣʣЩΧ۵Ķʦźһӣ̨Χ˸ʵ
һȫŶ̨ϣǰѴĿ׶Ļ


378 ż
ķǶʦʦܲǰʮӵʱ䣬䣬һΪľլǰ
ѪӲûһǴŻһ𣬱ķ֮ǰǸԺ
ʦܲռҲʵСܲڸ¥լԺٴ˵ҲҪǵļլռӿ㡣
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ʦķԵȣԼǸ򵥵˵䣬ű롣
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Уһһˣȴҩʦλ᳤ˡ
ҩʦ᳤ţʦĻ᳤ο൱뺷
ӶƵģҪӿһңΰǿ׳˶Ĺͷһʮ׳̺ۺبϡ
һʦ·ϰ󲿷ֶ¶⣬ᾣ൱Ӿϵĳ
λΰĻ᳤²ôߣƤţ·ʱ˯ȥһ㡣
λ᳤ҩʦܹ˸о˼ѪҺҲʵҹ˷Щŵһʱܹݷãҵϲãǲ֪þ˵еˣλ᳤¡
ҩʦĻ᳤΢Цſ˵
ǿ׳ɵ÷˸ۣſ˴죬СĴָ̽ȥ˿һм˵Ҷǣʶʮˣôôαҫֱ˵ҫûκμĻѻƭ˭γȻϲӣҲɵֻжϲɣ
ֱӱ׳˵뷨Ҷȴû¶κεı飬һЦݵ˵λ᳤ҲԼҫ뷨ԲҪġǸľ棬ﶼҪƾֵ˵˵Ѻѣ˵ʵҲܼ򵥣Ѿҵһпҩʦ峬ȻˣҪ㣬׼ҲҪˣ򡭡Ҫˡ
γĶ΢΢һ٣ջֺʱĬ
Ĭ˰ңγ̾ϢһεôףЩȻӵλûʲô𣬵˵ɾûˡ㹻츳ˣҪѧϰҩֻ߷ģڶ졭ֻѡһţʵ̫̫ѡ
γĻո£γĴӦһķǰҩʦ˳˽
γڽӴ˾ȻҶǺʦ΢£žͲľֱߵγԣγĶԣϸ˵
γһʼʱͷɫʦ˵ԽԽ࣬γŵƤҲ̧ԽԽߡ
ֻ۾Ѿɵĺ͵һ㣬εָΪʼĲ
һԵҶǺγӣһʱ䶼ǺǽĶʦ˵Щʲô
ò׵ȵǶʦ˵꣬γѾޱ˷ܵʵ˵Ķģ
Ȼģ᳤ˣôſں˵¼˾Ժţܰ𣿡
ϻ⻹Ҫʾ𣡸Ͻȥܶ󶥼ַŸǰ˼Ϊǵǿɾͻ˲ˣ
γһеɫո꣬ȴֺȻûǲԣһץסʦļ򣬰ѸոȶĶʦֱԼȻȳŴ⼲ȥ
УȥӭӣţжĲҶǡǸҫҶʦ壬Ҳһλţһλܹʹֶʦǲ۰
γһЦȴѾĳ˴á
ŵĶʦҲæȥϾȥ֮󣬻Ҫȥͽܡ
ɻŵҶǺ΢΢һΪȵĻһۣűҲ̧Ÿȥ
γûͷûԵ˵ʲôʲôܹʹֶʦ
׷γҶ̲סڽе
γѾ첽ߵԺլԺĴųȥͷҲص˵Ƕʦ󶥼ѾʧˣһֶᣡֻҪܻһ֣Ժ󣬶пܶͭˣͻȻֵСӾȻֱ֣˼飡
͵ͬʱγѾԺӵĴš
ҶǺЩ񣬲ȴҲϸ˼γһԺӵĴš
᳤λ˵ţķķλǶʦĻ᳤γλ᳤ҲǴǬϵĵһʦʦƷ׸ߴŽס
ʦγһԺӴź󣬱æЦݵͬһֱȺլԺſڵķܵ
ʱҶҲ˳ڿſվŵľķʱһ
ô㣿
ķҲǵס
᳤ô⣿
Ҫͬķ֣չʾԼ̬ȵγ΢΢һ㶣Ȼһɵؿķ


379 ͬʱ
ʦ᳤ܲլԺĴڡ
γķԼ·ǰĶʦһߣҶǺȴڶ档
˴۵С۵Ļ࿴ţլԺһʱΪŹ֡
γŴͷһķһֿҶǣ϶Ի󲻽ı顣
լԺ⣬ķ˳֮Ϳʼû
æŸҶǺķ˴˽ܣ·ĶʦæŸγķ˴˽ܡķæʶ᳤ٴű˴˽ͻʶԭ
֮լԺ⻥˵˼ӵʱ䣬ȴֻγԽĺͿ
ɴһլԺĴкôĬһγǿ˳һЩ
ǸȿȡͼǷ˵顣
γǴֲڵĴĹͷ˵Ҳ֪ԲԹ˵ҪǶأǾ͵ͷĻǾҡͷ
ͷ
Ǹķǽῼ˵ģڿ˵ĹʩչˡѪʽ͡޶ʽּʧĶⴸʦľ磬ȴɹĶһƥƷҲﵽ˺׵ĴУԲԣ
ķͷ
ͬʱʱǰҩʦܲҩʦῼˣڿʦľ磬ɹƳƷ׸ߴ߽׵ڼҶ˵ܹɢŨڼ
ķͷ
γգգ۾ͷ촽ֿҶ˵Ҷǣܹҫ˵ͻȻһҩţһ᳤ݣڣҩʦƱؽӭһµ۷塣˵ţķ
Ҷǵͷ
γ˿Ťͷ˴ķǰʦҵģҲһĶţָͬķ
ʦصͷ
γĬͻȻЩ֪ôǰ״ˡ
ϣһͬʱֲͬǱȽձġ
ܹڶֲͬ򶼴ﵽһԵĸ߶ȣȴޱȺ顣
Ͼһ˵ľޣν̰˵ľ
ǰķȻ桭
ɫһ任γصؿһǿñָװµ˵ܹ󶥼֣˵ķв˼Ķ츳츳ԶԶسҡľűҶʦ壬ʮ󣬲ҾͰѻ᳤λø㡣ʱǬжʦΪ𣡡
ҶȻؿγ׹ζ˶ʱŭγƽʱһͨףûʲôһû뵽ӵתÿ죡£ķȼҩʦ壬ô˵Ҳҩʦˣѻ᳤λøߺߣƾڵҩˮ׼ò꣬ҩʦģ
ޣҶٲҪʲôãΧһҩӣƼݵĸ˾֢ƵģǶʦǿǣСϱһģ
γŲӡͭĴۣҶǺ
ƨȺһȫçʲôСϱϹ۲ܿǣҩʦ뻹ɶŮģ˵ɫҲ֮ˣȺأʦ壬һŮ𣡡
Ҷ̤ǰһγֱĺ
ȻҶǵͱγСһȦȴ˿
ô۵С۵ģ᳤ʵͬһ㡣
ʦЩֻ۾ȫķ
λ᳤Ȼǣңôǲ˵䣿
ķЦ˵

ҶǺγͬʱȻŤͷķ
ʵҩʦͶʦ壬컹Ҫȥһ˷ʦģҲ˵壬ҶҪС
ķǼ⣬ЦŰԼĴ˵˳
ʲô˼
γ㶵ʵ
Ҷüë˳˼
˼λ᳤㻥ᣬҼȻμĲԣôȻǶҪеġ
ķ΢΢Ƿ
룿⡭ôԡ
γ˵
Ϊʲôԣѵ˵ڲ滹ȷĹ涨ڳԱ뵽֮𣿡
ķʵ
⡭
γʱ
ΪνУȷʵû
ȻûУôͬʱʲôأ
ķʵ
񡭡Ҳûʲô⡭
γԼĴԴľľ˵
ȷʵû⣬Һγˣ֮ǰ뷨ʵЩСȻķ뷨ǸɴҲҪȵˣղײգɫ磬ǾͽֱȥʦܲǱ߰ɣҺγҲȷʵЩ棬һ˵츳ǿĳ̶ȣͬȥΣ
Ҷ˼һ󣬺ȻЦſ˵


380 ûͷԺͲ
Ҷǣڴʲô⣿Ȼ˵ûй涨ͬʱ壬һǴĬصĹأ򼸸֮䲻ȫˣ˶ЧµĻȫҪרȥһֻҪڼﶼѧŵĳ̶ȣͿͬʱ벻ͬ壬Щʹ˭ԸǱѧϰʱˣκ嶼ԻǾ޴˺
ǰʦܲ·ϣγźͬһڵҶǣüʵ
ķһʦûͬС
ڶʦܲڣҶҲͬķγһʱҲ֪ηԡ
ֻ˰Ȼǰȥ·ʳԼɻ
ٰܻʲôʱ⣿
ҶǷ˸ۡ
װģģƭ˱˿ƭңһӻˮҪ˵ͬķͷû뷨ɱҲš
γһۣǲ˵
γȻԸ㲻ܷϣҶԴҩʦ᳤λú󣬾ʹûκ飬԰ɣ
ҶһչԼеӣһҡţһȻ˵
γü룬Ų鲻Ըĵ˵ͷ
ȻҲϣǾͺðˣεҲΪ룬Ͳɹˡ
ǲУҶǣͬһ˼벻ͬ壬ǣʵ̫һ仰ͰɻȥʵҪʲôγֲǲˣô𣡡
γסҡͷҶƫͷ룬ε̾˿ڵγ㣬ͷλ£ܻã
¡ڴϢȻܴ񡣵ȫǿǿĵ֧ţӦûˡ
γ΢΢һҲûʲôԥı㿪˵
Ǭ۾Ľ״Ȼ˵ǾԻܵ飬ֶһĳָ߶ȣ;Բܴڡ
ǰ¾ҪˣټһʢĿǰҲʲô̫ıʣ£ܶණڱ¿޷̵жˡӦö˵ʲôɣ
Ҷ̾˿˵
֪ЩﱻѹЩķʲôϵҲ⣬ȥƵķ鲻ɣ
γЩתһʱԵЩͷ
㰡ͷԼ򵥣֫µͼѾˣȨӵʱڻһ޷ƿصҪڽ֮ǰͰЩȫȻǱҪȥ֮أڽֻǱѹô𣿡
ҶҡҡͷЩɸֵļ˵ֻˮܶѣϰǿȵĴѹ濪ʼ˳ܵò뷨¾ͻٴδȭֱ峹״ɢֻߡϼ̳еλܿƵˣ塣ĽǸ˵Ҳãǵ˵ҲգԻһѣ
͡˵ǶԵģķʲôϵ
γګګ˵
ر£ҲĸԸɱҵĵΪΪҪķĳֺɣҸɺϵǣܹóķĿĺҵ뷨ıϣȻˣҪ飬ҵȻҪ֧֡ڻȫ⡣ô˳ҵ˼ȥˣֻҪ֪֦ͬһ壬Ҳ飬ˡ
ҶûмγⷬȴѾγٻɡ
ķһǰʦܲʱĺԺǬǬԶլӵڣɫޱĶŹǰǬԶͳ˼
ΪأǬԶͳ˼ǬݵǰҴһ¡
ǬԶǰôûȻôػֲΪԼϲ񣬱ҪҴ£޴Ůˣôûκμƻı㰲ȥɱ鲻ǰ䰡һһĴ
Ǭڿζ˵
ڿ˿ڣôصɢһЩ˼̧ͷǬ˵£̫嶯ˣܲȥǸҪҪǶҡһؼҿ϶ᰤġ

Ǭݶų˼ʵû뵽Ů˾ǵʱ򣬿ǵĻԼǵ飬һʱ̲סŭЦ
áãã
һҵò׽ǹɻѹס֮ǬŴ纮˪ͷ˳˼
˵ҾȲܾҲȣԸͨŹѾ御ˣΪ޴Ѿ鳹׵Ƶ޷صĳ̶ȣҲȥӦˣȻʱ򻹿Լ᲻ᰤҸ㣬Ҫô̸ҹرĿھһŵģҾͲٹԶӣһʹ಻ȥұ֤
˼һϣɫ˲԰ȥ
硭ʵʵڲУҾȥǸķǸ
ǬԶҧ˵
޴ѾϣǸʲôãҲǷŭǰȥɱǷŭڼȻҪɱǾܵȥƻҪ°ѱ֮µΪֹǲҪˣ飬ȥ
Ǭŭѵ
ǣ磬֪ˡ


381 ģϣ
ķ˳û·ϵõʱ䡣
ʮӺͣ˷ʦܲ⡣
ķ͸γԼҶǵ󣬾ֱŷʦܲĺöȥ
ҶǺγݵλʦܲڣЩʦȻʶ˵ġ
˳õĵطӭһʦ⣬ģֻǸæȥ֪ͨԼҵĻ᳤ˡ
γҶǰ棬лĿͲ֮ڣԼһ㡣
Ͳ·˱Ѿ˷ʦ᳤լ⣬ûͬʦͨ˾룬һֱͬķʦʵЩҡ
Զϻ쵰ӭӡ
ոԺӣγ㳶ɤӴͬһ㣬ʦܲÿһ϶ܹ
쵰ʲôôӣҴҵ˼·ĸ˵ͷͱǸˣ𣡡
һޱȷŭĺլﴫ˳ͬʱһӰҲլڷһĳ
Ӱڳ嵽γҶǵǰȴȻͣסһѾʮҵ߱˵ǰ
ʲôΪʲôһ𣿶ܵ
ϵŭݱȻȡһؿγҶʵ
˶ȥɣķˡ
Ҷǳ˻֣ͬķʦæӦһȻת뿪
ֱԺӵĴŹҶÿӣЦǺǵĸķܵķڣʦλ᳤ķҩͶ϶츳
Ǻʲôϵ
ںǷܵĳķ˵ͷȻһؿҶʵ
Ȼйϵķᣬ츳ȴױȵģҩͶ죬ڷϣҲ൱衣Һγ˵ֵǷͬ޼֮Ƿʦ塭ƲӵĿɱǻҪذɣ
Ҷ΢Ц˵
൱裿ʲôЦôСʲô£æأҪûˣ͸Ͻ˹ûǶ֣
ںǲͷ˸˵Ķ˻֡Ȼ㾶ֱתֳլȥ
⣬ôƢ˷Ȥ⣬飬ĮĵģҲ˿
ڵķӦҶͬķһ䡣
бµԸŹֵģҵνλ᳤˲չʾԼµĻᣬ⡭
ķʼ˵
˵ʱһֱоһȱģоļҪ߻ħˣȻʲô鶼ܷϡǲùֱӽȥǣоǸϣһУˡȻ˵ǲ飬ʵϣҲǱǸ˵ˣΪ뷨ֱֱȥҪôิӵĶ
Ҷһ˵ţһߵȳլӴȥ
ķҶ⻰ֻҲ֪ԼĴ϶ѾҶǲ³ˣҶǻϣķԴȻּɡ
û˵ʲôķγҶǵ󣬲լ֮ڡ
լӵĴΪտҲûаڷŶٳ裬˳Ŵߵͷ˸䣬Ȼķٴοڡ
ֻʱոջصԼ鷿ķʦ᳤ˣϥ鷿ĵϣǰƽһƽҴСֽ
ֽϻһڲޱȸӷҵԲԼ֣˳ǸԲڵﻬţרעޱȣȻķ˽鷿ûз֡
ҶǺγȻǿֽϵǸԲʲô˼ģеĺ͹ûκβֱͬŤͷķ
ķǺؿ˿ֽϻŵͼλú෴ֽϵͼҲǷġ
Ȼܿʲôķֻǳۣ㾶ֱߵڵı

ͼЩ죬ֽһĵӡ棬临ӵĳ̶ȣҪ֮ǰǵ¶пģ
˴˽֯һжϳĳһʼ㾿
ķܾ죬ӦһУģ
ֵǣ˸ӵļôȻԺγ̵ӡǣΪʲô˸оϤ⣬һʱȴ벻ľļ
ķüԼֽЩ
ٶɾרĵڡ
ΪŭŤͷķǳ⣬ȴķһרעɫ˿Ҳ١
΢΢һ㶣ĺһķٴεͷоֽϵ
ôһϸ²鿴ķԺȴһʲôطˣ
ǡôأ


382 ģ£
ȻķܾӦԼˡ
Ծ֣ɼϸرţҪĵϸĿһ飬ȥԺǲؼһһӡ֤ûκβ𣬷ʵǲȷԼ뷨
ΪʱȥжϵĻһĵʱ䣬ӦһﵱǰʱĶʮ֮
ʮ֮ãȴܹһģһģΨһĽͱֻǣǴ·ɫ
ɸӵĴ·ɫƺҲͲǴ·ɫˡ
鷿˲㾲ķڶרע˵Ķֽ
ʹվſڵҶǺγ˴˶һۺһʱվԭز֪øЩʲôˡ
ô˳鷿ĻָоãɾôվҲʲô
ķ֤ûл̫ʱ䣬ֻǶɽ֤Ҫȥĵãķʲô¡
ֻԾǣֽӡľ䵱еǸģ
ǣһУͬھʥͽϣģ
֮ӡȴӡΪʥͽϵλãȽΡ
һķͻأıеĴиɾĴʥͽ࣡
ԭȥ⣬ʥͽѾ已̥ǿȻҲԶ˵
ٺǾ޷ʥͽǿ˺ġ
ķʱʹõĴУȴһǳ˵ܵȼֻкŽף֮Ķսʽֻʣ˴̻һֺȴʹǴڴ̻ʱܹﵽɱﵽԽ׵ľ˳̶ȣ
ûʱķʹõĴУǽķڶʦܲһִС
ֻһʹõǰѺŽ׵ĴУѴȴֻкףǸ˻档
ɱȻ֮ͬƷ׵ҪֲĶ࣬ͺŽ׵Ĵȣž޴Ĳࡣ
ʱķǰѺŽ׵ĴУһУˮĴʥͽ࣡
κһʥͽ֮µޣҪУԻᵱ
ԴȪǶҲܳܵġ
ķû뵽ǣͻƳΪʥͽ֮Ȼǿ౻̴Ҳûеĵز
ʥͽȻȻܵ˼ĴȴȻһץסķǰѴУһֻճȭͷķش
ѾΪܴ˥˼΢ĵزȴ㹻ɱһǿߣ
һȭɱķ֮ʥͽվ޷ֹΪ౻ţ֮ʵķʬԡ
ǰֽϵģķʥͽĴ
ʥͽȭ֮ǰɲǣķ֮߱ܵǰƳһʥͽȭģһǳӵͼ
ʱ伸ֻɲǣһ˲ķûпĶôϸֻΪĳֵλù֣ͼ̫ӣķԺУȻȻļסһֵݡ
ȴû뵽ʱ˿̣ʦĻ᳤լֿͼ
ȻͼʥͽϣôҲζţıĲΣѾӦǳļˡ
ͬھʥͽʥͽ֮Ҳֻһ࣬򲻿ܱʱֻɹɱԻʥͽϵģĶҲϿԶ϶ֻеĴ·
⵹Ǻղŵжγغϡ
Ȼˣķƽĵã
Ŀ֮ǰص׶еĸӣɬ֮ȴȻ޷ǵص׶еȵģ
Ͼǵص׶еģǣ˿ռ䷨á
ܶ飬ҲԽӱԽмֵΪǸߵľ硣
һ߹۲ĵͼ·ķһյ˳·ġͬʱԺлھϸػʥͽ˵ĹУÿһ˲ȫ仯
ҪͱȻԪϵת䣬ķţ֮еģǸûõװƷͨʥͽ֮ǰԪ仯ܹһЩ֮ǰԵĶ
ȻʱķáСͨԻĲϼȻáСĳģ⡣
ž
ôרעĹ۲ʮӵʱ֮ķȻ͵عƣ˷ܵؽеˣ
ھ׵鷿Ե쳣ͻأȻҲȫעڴӳ˼о˹
ִֻϣȻ׵˱ߵıԵ


383 ķڷ
ˣˣˣְܱǾȫҹȥ
ŭڣǰȻķţķרעӲѷҲˡ
ƢԹŹ֣ΪŹֵƢʹںͬˡ
Թ۶Ƶķʦڣڿ۵Ҳ֮١
ԿķӡһרעȫȻαڱҲû˵ʲô
ôҲû뵽һγ֮УԼԼĺץһЩģʱȴٴͻأĴ졣
һӾͰǸոҪЩģӡƻһɶ
ʵһ졢
᳤ĪġҴЩͷˡ
ķվڵ󣬳ڱ˱ȭȻҲֱӲֽͬǰ
ƨҶо˿һˣûп׵ǸʲôС޲ſ˶ãͷˣ㵱ɵĲɣôƭ
һŭݵĳķ絽˵ԪѾЩ״̬ǲȵӿƺʱпҪķһ㡣
ķҶǺγˣôӶĴŵڿҲǾ޷ܵġ
ڻһɲҶǻγӣȴȥ˵
ķȴûڵŭڵŭУѾֽǰͬʱһָʼֽͼϻ
ڷķŭɵøʢ˼֣ȻĿķϺɫȴͻȻЩ
ΪķָͼеһϻǴ㿪ʼͣķ任һֱյȥ
ϵŭ𽥵ĿʼվķԣķһĻ꣬Ѿ¶
һߵ·ķûֹͣǼʼڶߵ·
ڲ֪ѾȫĳķǸָУϵɫһһĲϱ任ţķŭɣٵȻԼε˷ܣ
ֵıķһĽЩ·µ仯š
˿ɫһ㡣
ķǸӵͼУе֮ںȻֳ̧Լһ͡
ž
࣬ȴǰҶǺγһ
߾Ȼ·Ҹ뷴˰Ǹ׳գȻû뵽֪ˡ⽫һʱֺα˷ѣ
Լһ͵ڶǰֻֽһץסͷ״š
᳤ĵɾӣЩͼǿĿͬɡǹģǿܽṹģҪǽνһ𣬲ҽĹȫ
ķǷ·˷һڣ΢Цſ˵
ķ˵ڴ״̬˹ϸǳ˳ֽϵͼΪѾޱȵεǿٲôͿ
ӵʱ֮Щĵĵ˵ͷ˵û׿ĵ϶ѡ
᳤ҲˣȻıǳӣȫܹ֮ĵַʵǷǳֲڵġҲ˵ĵķʦƷϻߣҪ˵ڷһŶ裬ȴȻġƳģ־гĶ
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Ҫõ˵ͬʵǷǳ򵥵飬ֻҪܹչֳ㹻ϵˮ׼Ȼͻͬ㡣
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ڲǷʦĻ᳤ۼʶǷˮƽѾﵽ۷Ρ
ڸĵ֮󣬱ûʲôģĵþʲôҽƵĵĲκҪ̶ȡ
ۣķģûκβ
ðɣҶǺγ˵öԣڷϵ츳ȷʵˡǲ˼飬оôõʱ䶼ûҵһȷȥķʽŽôһĹ򣬾ȻͰĸ˳ѵˣ
ؿķһۣȻѯʣԲ׼ķõ𰸣ֱŤͷҶǺγЩƣʵˣ˵ɣһܹʲôҪңôһСͼСɣ


384 ɽ¥
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֮ǰʩչ󶥼ƳŨĵҩ硭ԸѰԴ
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ڵķ»صʦܲѪԼѧԺ·ϣʼոоЩС
һ·Ͼܵ˼֮ķҲͨҶ˻˲˼ͬϣĹǺ뷨
˵ûĳ֣ҲܼԴСĳֻ֣ǸպøһѵһɺͻᣬһܴеõôֶΪ
Ȼ˵ȻѾǬƵǬݵĶ棬ôʣЩδǰֹӣõѡ
ȻΨһĳ·ֻкԼһϺķҲͲٶ롣
һ·ļѵĺСѧԺķжȥ

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ҩʦʦԼʦڴǬռžذλǽһˣͬʱĵһ᳤
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ڵЩƽգ֪顣
ϢѸھ֮ķֱһʱھ֮дﵽ˼ĳ̶ȡ
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ȻǱĶȴҲʵϢ
ķһѧԺʦķΪμѧԺĴûͨⱻƸΪʦģֱ硭ǰѧԺǰδеıУڵʱ䣬ҲΪķ
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֮ڵÿһˣ·᳤ͻоĪصա
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ΪѧԺУרԼӵܵľʼѧԺȻ֮ѧԺҪһЩҲȲͬΪѧԺսѧԺʼѧԺУݻԼѧԺڸʩ걸ȴҪѧԺһͷġ
ʦϣʼѧԺҲѧԺѧԺڶ
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ֻڹʹҪЩڸڻʼѧԺڿεʱ䲢㳤Ҳֻܼлӵܺѫӵܣܹõǵָ㡣
֮⣬ʼѧԺѧԺ˵Ϊһ㣬ʵǶѧİš
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ڻʼѧԺÿһѧԼĶŶԺȻرţĹǽĶˣκѧסԺһġ
ʱڵһԺǬվԺ֮Уһѳ滺ˣŪһ׽
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387 ҹ̸
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磬ԪֻƷʦľ簡
״ķ˰Ȧӵڵ
곤ü΢΢˵ͷ̧ͷ￴˿Ըע۲ܵű˫ֱ˳ⶰӵǽŶ¥ȥ
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һƣͬϲ㲻κι˼ɣһԾ𣬾ֱǴڳȥ


390 ջķ
ӻ֮ϼΪĬڿ곤ӵƺ󣬱ԥһԾֱײķԷĴȻֱ˽ȥ
곤ӳ˽ȥ֮ĵһʱ䣬ͬβ룡
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Ӷʱ´ϲ֪Է˫Ⱥ͸첲ģӦþҪȡĶԵϣƴûκγɵıֱӳķȥ
곤һӺ󣬿ӵĶҲһԻεķʽһλóķȥ
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ټ˵Ķ죬ǱŶķһɱͷȫûпǹĹ
ķǰʱ˵عʵѾЩϡ
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ΪͻȻıʣȴȻ֣ĿϾû¶κξֵı飬ǵĹʱֿ죬¶һڰһõЦݡ
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ԼķҲЩȤֱӳ˷䣬һһ»ӵʬ곤ӵ֫ŵкͻԵѾ˹곤ӳ˷䣬ŵȥ
ڷڵѪֻٴˡ
ķ֪ӦúǿӦûֻڣ֮ǰʩչڷеֶΣķ㹻սķȷʵûԤϵսȻǿĳ̶ȣ
һƷڣֱӱ˹ȻǣƵԵʣɾûڣķţҲսʤƷڵġ
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ķһţһ˵ң˹һ곤ֶ˵ҵĽһָһ˵ҵǰ
˲ս֮ķѾǶԻۺͻؽָ֮УûзֵڣǸӡҲ춯
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ķڶָһһţһϸļ


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󷨽ṹҲθӣͼֳĽĶԼ裬ȴķ⼸Ϊ̾
Ϊ⼸󷨿ż򵥣ķȴǳȷڵˮ׼ǻƲġ
ľԼܹõԪϵ󣬾´ﵽһľ磬Ҳ޷ƾջƵĳ󷨡
ʣˮ׼ģǱڷʦܲ￴Ǹ·ɫ߶˵Ķġ
һо֮ķҲֻȷǼ󷨵á
Ѽָ֪һ𣬱ʹ߱˲̽嶫á
ķΨһ㲻ǣҪ̽Ķô֮УƱҪкйصģϵĽṹ֡
Ҳ˵ܹͨЩĵо̽װԭݣôķĻƳǰЩӾȷ󷨣
ķֻڻѶϸ߶ѣ˵ʵ⣬ȴöôͻ
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ȻߵҵĽ䣬̧Ѿ˹곤ӣ˳Ԫס곤ӵžͽһʬ곤ӵ֫˳
곤΢΢һЦ곤ޱȾֵĿУķӿռָóһСƿ
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Դ˴ĲıôһȫµķǷǳ˵ġ
곤˵֪һ֮ķȴ֮
ʵ곤˵Щںš
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Щǳ޵ݣҲѾķĪС
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ϵһ¥ʱķ㿴ҶȻŻڴ֮Уȴǲδ
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㷿ѪѾɾˣĴֻˡʲô˵𣿡
ҶȻŻķӵƽؿڵ
ǧͷһʱ䲻֪ôӺ˵𡣡
ķҡҡͷЩƣ˹ȥҶȻԣ˾ôбҶȻͷҶȻļϡ
ȥԺｫһ⻹ǵһμ¶Ȼɫʲô£Ŷܴ
ҶȻûƿķֻǺʵ
Ȼ㷢֣ĵǿ󵽿һӶ޷սʤô
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ҶȻԥ˵
ķ΢΢һ̲סʧЦһü֮ȥվص˵ͷ˵Ķԣĸˡ
ķָҶȻ˿ѯķ׷ʲô飬ӵĴȴǺȻŵ
ķֵؿ˴һۣת˹ȥ
ź󣬱㿴һ糾͵վſڡ


392 Ͷ
ķԴûκε׼ûʲôҪ飬СδſԴ򿪴ź󣬾Ȼվ⣬ʱķЩ
ͬŮ鰮֮ʱŸոձ˴˽ڣδüһ£ֱһйע㣬ʵûж׼
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صĽͣķһʱ˳Ĭ
ҶȻһȻؿأȴҲͬһԲ
ĿƺЩֻ̣ûѹԽԽ󣬾ƺʼ
ЩҪܲסѹʱķڿ˿ڣΪʲô
ֻѹϵɽѹķĿڣ̼ɢ
ȻæϹϾ˵Ӧ֪һЩģұһŮҪҲһŮ˸֪Լ塣ֻ߲ܶ飬һҲ⸶Ϊ۵Ů˳棬ֵҡŮˡ
ķ£Žʵõʲô
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˵꣬ķһ̬ΪϿңȴ쳣
ķ룬ŻͷȻˣȸ㰲һ飬ܹã̸
ķ˵صڸ˾ϲɫ


393 ǿĵ
ķڸؽҪȥ֮󣬱һӣͬʱڶ¥ѪӽԸѪӴȥһƷ
Ϊ黹ҪѪǵϣҪѪغͼ漰Ѫǰ档
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ûҪڷҹ˼Ȼһ壬ôȻǲҪ֪غйϵźá
Ҫ˵ŻƻʲôӰ죬ȴҲܡ
ܹԤеãȻԽ𲻵ʲôãֻûаá󵹸꣬ҲԴ⡣
˵ˣصͻȻһ⣬ķİŵȻҲһʱ뷨
Ÿ壬ǶĿǷͶһԡ
֮ķҶȻԼԷ
ȻޣȴӰľסŵ˴ϺҶȻſڵϸ˵˵Ҳϲʲô鶼ڹĸо
ķ룬ſڵǵǵʱ򣬱һȺҹϮһΰɣ
Ȼǵá
ҶȻ˵ͷ
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ķԼüģȻ㲻κĽгֻǹԼΪ˵飬ûȥ
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뵽ķѾǶԻۺͻȷڽָУûн֮ǰѣԲٶװ
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ҶȻһȻ˵
ķգգ۾ٺһЦ־ҪȥסҶȻͬʱ˵˵ɫҲˣǾȰЩͷ۵鶼Ժһްɡ
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ķо˷ܵǣͨһϵģϤؽָҲͬһЩȫµϢ
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µļؼеãǿԽ޵ǰķؼϴ
Ҫ콫ɢ֡ʣʽȫø
նķҲͣѾһǱޣȻں˯УôԵϸ΢ʱʱ
ķ˸ŵĳ˷䣬Ļ᳤˹֮صѾ⼸ʱֵǷꡣ
Ȼλ½һ棬ķҲܹжϳһЩλµԸ
ɲ鷢֮λ»޶
ҪģȻλµĶԽԽźá
ǬԶҪһǡʱ֮󣬲վǰ̨ʱȻڡ
ķһ߿ţһµһ¥Ȼ㿴Ѿʧ֮õڴ֮Уƺڵ


394 ѧԺж
һΪҪⶰ͸ңҲء
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ķһţһǰ㣬Լ˱衣
ĸоûȷʵܶ࣬ЩĹϵҽһľܻҲмҪ֪ͨ㣬֪ͨһҪߵġ
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ɶϿΣҵĹǿźʹɨ𣿡
ķΪĿ
ɲңԼҵ£干ͬѡһ˳Ϊһ᳤ǴǬͷһ⣬λԺأ֮ĹϵΪţͻȻָܹʹ干ͬĵһ᳤ԼѧεĻᣬôܷŹ
ٺЦ
Цݹһͷӵϣȴôô
ǵԺˡ֮ĹϵܽţӺ˵𣿡
ȿȡֻһЩ¶ѣʱ֮빲ѣʱƣںܶĿͻֽϴķ磬֮׼׼ɣĿˣĿγ̻ᰴ꼶һ꼶꼶ÿϿζһ꼶ϡ
ԼѲ˵ƺ˵е࣬ڽ˿ȥ
ɶÿθһ꼶ϿΣʲôЦѧԺʦһһڿε𣿡
ķˡ
ȿȣûѧԺʦȷʵһһڿΣΪҪڵݶǺѧйصġѧÿһ̶ȣǶǧģֻܽһһڿΣýʦרŸݱڿѧصȥרŵָȴҪѧΪԼϾֻʦ
Ź
ҽʲô
ķһͷˮ
ȻǸĵһ᳤ְйˡս޾ܲȥѧϰҩֻ߷ģܵҪӰ죬һЩӦ֪ĳʶܻҪ֪ġȫȻ˽ĻҲⲻҪ˳Կ
˵ķգգ۾ЩŵָԼ˵˼ǡȥЩѧҩԼѧĳʶ
ͷ
ֿΡҸѧͽҲܽɣ
ķ˵
ȻҸѧͽôܷѧԺݺһֱĸ߶˽ѧˮ׼أҪЩ߽׵ҩʦʦ֮ģֲԸ⽲ЩЩѧԺⷽĽ̵ϣһֱڿհ׵ĳ̶ȣԶԶڻʼѧԺսѧԺĳ֡ٺ٣ɵġ
˴֣˵
ǲԸ⽲ҾԸ⽲ҾܾڿεǸѧԺһһָû⡣ֻǵΪûȤôҲѧԺԺô»ôɡ
ķ̲סһۣеĲˮһ
ٺ٣ĲԸ⣿ɱŶ
һгı顣
ʲô˼
ûʲô˼֪ʱæµæʲôȥ𣿡
ڵĿαϣ˵ѧԺЩѧЩԭʹŸѧ⣬вûʲôİѧȻڱҵ֮ѧڼ䣬ͻᱻ£һˡԶֻѧԺѧ
⻰˵Щƣķȴǵһʱˣ²ɵ΢΢һ
ķһۣ˵Ҳ֪ѧԺȥѧʽҵĻЩ;ûдﵽ׼ҵģʵܵáôʱۣڳҰѧԺصӰԶġֻһֱѧԺλȻκ֮УһȴȻͬʱһֱ磬Ա㽫ѧԺ¼֪ģ֮ǰѧԺûйĶʱȥվ鷳¡
ʲôϵ
ķֱʵ
Ҫ벻йϵˣһεĶ֮ڱµİ£еҪȷ̬ȣѧԺҲ޷⡣ԡǷҪѧԺйϵˡ
ٺЦ


395 ɱ
ķΪˬѧԺУڣſԴϼ£СצʱʱĲķͷ
ǰѧ¥·ڽѧ¥һͬʱǧ˾޴ңķĿγ̣㱻Ǹ֮С
˵Ǿ仰վǴ
ӰȻΪ޴󣬵ӰֻǶ޵ӰھӺͻҶŸרŹҩʦʦԼʦӰ
ȻǬԶаյõפھ־ֱ֧֣֧ȻƵġ
Ҷ֮վݱɾ䣬Ծӵ֧־ҪȴܹһǬ
ǱߵϢ·;ңԶʱûеõţķݻѡ
ʱѧԺȻ˳ʱķȥץסˡ
ҪƵǬݹǽץסĻᡣ
¸ЩѧȥһЩ֪ʶķʵ˷ʱ飬ɼȻѧԺԺϲǱȥɡ
ڲеʱ򡭡ҲȷʵǲôֵǮġ
һ·ߵ˽ѧ¥ǰҪʰϣͼѧ¥Ĵſ߳ӣһˣĽɽ
ĽɽڿķҲԵ£һֹסŵļСܣԼǰߵķǰ
űһɫ˵ˣȻҲ֪㱳˾˭ȻܰƵλãô˵㶼˵ġ
ķüû˵
ԭҲȥ㣬û뵽ϣպҲʡʱˡķļҾٸһλᣬ塣ǰ䣬ҶȻóʴȣֻҪͬҶȻóôԸĻرֱϵӵܵݣһԸһϵְΣڼڲҲܹӵһĻȨ
ĽɽȻĿķǼڷ֧ӵܴδйĿȰ㻹ǽܵĺãĪҪ󡣡
ǬݲôԸǵİɣ
ķĽɽһ߸ϵģϸĪЦ⡣
Ľɽɫһʩ㣬Ͷʲôϵ
ŶǬûйϵֻԼ⣿Ǿ͸ˣԴϴǬ֮󣬻ϵķʽҽջпҪϣ˿ΣȥѰ⵽ô£˵Щҽжĳ⣿
ķװ˵
ĽɽʱԲ۾ȻķȥǬӡ֤顣
ǬݸļҵǷǳȷģҶȻҪᣬֻҪܹķ鸽ļңԼǾļӵܣôκǺ̸
ļڣΪ룬Žؿĺô͵ĳ̶ȣҶȻ飬Ľɽ˽ͷļңûķתûԼˡ
ȫûҲͰˣƵķʶ̧Ҳˡ
ķΪ²ޣȥͶǬݣٰѽԼ˵ȫ֪ǬݡļչȻֻǬݵĿеλһЩĽɽǾҪܵϳˡ
һĿǳ۲٣ھļڣȻǵһ˳λδ峤ѡȴҲȱλõˡ
ΪܵϳͣǾҪĳ侮ʯˡ
һ뵽ֺĽɽĴ˸
ò˵λļҵһһţʵǸޱȷḻˣķŸո˸ͷͰнĿܣȫ˸ͨ͸
㡭ҪſϹ鸽ļң
Ľɽսȭͷҧ˵
鸽ļңΪʲôҪ鸽ļұ壿
ķһʵ
ߣȻ˶µ緽ʽȻѾͬ˹鸽£ļҷ֧ˣѵ鸽壬ҪԶڶ𣡡
Ľɽŭ
˭ͬ鸽Ǭˣ˵Ǭݵ緽ʽǲԵڶ㻹氡˵ʲôʲôӣزôôģ
ķϵı鲢ûʲôɫǳ˾ȵģ
ıȴĽɽо裬ɫ˲Ǻ죬ڲεԪ˲ţҲ֮ҪֱӶķ֡
ǼվĽɽСڿĽɽŭҲǷ׷ǰƺҪķΧŹ
£ķȴɫ糣ţһ˿ײ֮ɫ
ķ׼йͷ֮ŭĽɽƫƫһ˿΢΢һȻ
ǿпסԼĽɽҧߣ
ߣ
ĽɽļСΪ⣬ǿĽɽںƹķȥ⼸Ҳֻܸæ׷ȥֻھķʱ򣬻ǻ׷ȥķһۡ
ķһվڽѧ¥ſڣΪźҡҡͷ
ϧˡĽɽҲûд޿ɾҩĵز


396 һÿ
ϴ󣬷ʲôˣȻǸķʶôǺݺݵһٳˣΪʲôҪߣ
ĽɽǼС׷ǰһ·еĽɽһ̲סʵ
ѧԺԺǶʦصһѧԺΪǿƷ£ķ֣ôԺ棬ķǰǵɱˣǶû˵ȥ
Ľɽ˵
ǵɱˣʲôЦǸķȻʦֻʦεˮ׼Ǽϴ㶼ǶƷˣһ٣ȥѵͷҲˣķΪʦȴǼѧˣѧԺţ
һС֮ܺԱǵ˵
Ľɽûٿڽͣôš
Ȼ֪ķľֻʦѣƷڵʵҲܴ򲻹ķ
֪ΪʲôķһĨȴޱȵļ£
ʹʱĪıĳֱֱĸҶ֣³һǳң
ķҲǹҪŭĿľǽᣬɱ
ȷ²֮Ľɽܹµһɱ֮ķ˵ΪԼѡ
ֻʦѡʦڡܹ֮ɱѾǺܲ˼ˣѵָķڶսĹ鲻ɣ
Ľɽ֪ķΪʲôаգھ粻ʱҲȷܹɱĽɽȷһ㣬ķĶɱģҪж
ĽɽĪĿ־壬ǹеġԷ֧ӺͱģַĵĿ־壬Ľɽ衣
Ҫ޷ܵĵز
ȥɣе˽Ҫ
Ľɽһ·ֱߵѧԺſںźȻ˵
ǼСһҲҶʣ׷׵ͷӦǺתȥ
ߡҵȥݼ¶²УһһΪӡ󣬶¿϶ң
ҧҧĽɽѧԺĴţŻʼѧԺķȥ

ķһѧԺʦݸһȺѧϿΣһһӵľһܹķٸоʵ飬ʵѾࡣ
ǰ£ķȴʵʵڵûκξ飬ԶٻЩȤġ
ƿ˴ҵţ󣬿Ŵٶ˴ʱѾ˽ҵУķ΢Ц˽̨
һ꼶࣬Խ괺ԵȥԵǷֿεġ
ڶ꼶꼶ΪλͳһΡ
ϸ˵ķÿһֶҪڿΣҸǵճ̶ȣҪڵҲҪ
˾ֽڻݵĿγ̿ûʲôʵȴΪһ˶ڻ֪ʶպȺ͹ȡ
ҩ컹Ƿģ漰Ļݶ޾ǿһ㣬˽ʮ꣬Ҳ˵ԼڵĻݱյ㹻ȫ
ʵҲûԸǰڻݵԭ֮һƷԽߣԽ¡ȻҲԽϧë˭ֳֺõأ
ķ˽̨ѧȻȫֻ󲿷˵УӺͲмζ֮ȽϤģǿʼ˽
ķЩ̬ɤӣڵҺãҽķӽ쿪ʼڴҹҩԼڵһЩ֪ʶѧԺſγ̳֮Ϊӿƣ뵽ÿδ󿼵ۺϳɼ֮ڡҲ˵һſ޷ﵽı׼ôͬڴб̭ӶѧԺȰˡ
˵ķ˶٣Žٶֹͣ˱˴˵˽Ž˵ԣ֪ʵԸΣұҲϲΣҪѧϾغǵǰ̡ңǻҪؽ̣ΪҲغǵǰ̡
ķ䣬ڶʱһƬȻ
ҶȻ˵ȻҲڽֻ˶ڽ֮Уۡ
ķʦ⻰ʲô˼˵пܲؽ𣡡
һѧʵʱǹΧӵۡ
û׼ˣءȽأҲˣһ㲻ȥ̣ȷһԼ϶ĳԵĿ
ķЦݣֻشһеĻȻ֮
⡭ΪʦߣƾһϲãѵΪʦ𣡡
ʵѧȻû뵽ķôشһʱ䲻ɵЩŭ
ѧҲǷ׷Դ֮䣬ȻȫǶķĲ
ҲķйأǻκһѧԺʦվｲΣôѧԻϹϾ˿ɡ
ۿԭĽҾҪΪԼ仰Ĺ򣬱Ⱥ鼤ܣķȴ·û˶һվڽ̨ϣڵĿֵѧǡ
˺һһ΢ЦĽ˵ѧԺ涨ÿÿεʱΪСʱҸղǲϿεĵĽңҲѾȥ˲ʮҵʱ䣬ֻЩ飬ҵȻǲģʱ䣬Ҿͻֱ¿ΣΪʱûݣǾֻรҲȥˡ
㡭Ϊʦô˲
һѧ㵵ʵ
ѧǵ˲СȥһĿɿڴĿŽ̨ϵķֻķʵǲ
û취˾ƢвĻ̾ȥԺңԺͬһʦڿΣ֮
ķһ˵ţһƵָ˽ҵĴš


397 Ⱥ鼤
ȥȥҾͲӢԺˣ
һѧ߶ֱӴӿ˳Ȼ̤ĳŽȥ
ۿ˰мѧͬ
⼸ѧķ߶˱ģŽȥ;Уһѧķһǲм˵ãѧԺŶˡҸһŵĻѧԺʦԼĵˣֱȥԺߣ͵űѧԺɨسŰɣ
˵꣬ѧ㰺ͷΪĸ뿪ѧһ˽ҵĴš
ѧԺ֪֮٣еѧ;󲿷ֵʦֻΪѧԺڸ𿴴źʹɨͷ
ķǵȻҲֻݶѡ
֮ǰУǬԶȶʮѧУЩѧҲֻ֪ǬԶײжķС֣Ժ棬ķѧԺеĵλЩǸġ
ۿʮѧô뿪˽ңʣѧУ󲿷Ҳ¶˳ɵɫ
ķҲ⣬˵ҪȥԺǱ߿еĻ͸ϽȥûеĻҾҪ˵üˡҲô룬ȻҵĿΣҪҵùأΥһأͷصĳͷȻǿĿ岻Ҳζţõȵһδ󿼣Ϳֱʰˡܽܵģͼܽܵģ͸ϽȥԺǱ߿ߣʱ䡣
ӣЩԭ¶ɫѧҲһһĴλվ
ϲ޵ɫ֮Ũͬܲһһ絶ƽһĿķƫķȴǺƵģʼ΢Цǡ
ͨķķӦЩҲֻ֪ϵʣķ˿ļɵŭĿƬ̺ЩѧͺһƬȫ뿪˽ҡ
ܿ죬ֻʣʮˡ
ҶȻ˵Ȼʮ֮С
ʣµ˶ǶûʲôɵˣܺáȻˣ˵¿üɣ˵֮ǱʽʼΡ
ķɨʣļʮˣҶȻͣƬ̺Цеؿ˵㽲˿ϵؼҪ

ķʵ̫Ϊ˭ѧԵʱͨһֲԵı׼ûдﵽãǿŵͷҪߣűУѧУΪ˱УԲ˳һʦݣȻΪԼʦˣ
ѧ¥Ͱ칫¥ľ벢ԶԱķӽѧǺܿڽѧ¥ۼ
ʼķɵѧһ֮ɫվѧǰ˵
ûԴҲͰˣûнĻҲȴȻﵽͷѧУʲôӿƣΪ˵ѧԺڽŵѧѣ˳Ҳ˽ְҵһЩʶķȻ͸żë˵ʲôͨĿԣҪѧԺֱ֮
Ⱥһѧŭ
ԣʵǻƣȻƽʱûֱԺȨѧԺǴһһǰԺ칫ңķĳһһԺ˵ţԺ˵ǣʱ򱻿УģȻǸС˵־ķ
һѧӦ
һʱ伸ѧվڽѧ¥Ⱥ鼤ܡ
ȻվÿһѧּѾʼ嶯С
Щѧе൱һȷʵǳڷŭ뿪˽ңҪΥԺֱȥԺ칫ҿߣȴҲΪɡ
ǸԺȷ涨ѧµĻӦʦԺæǴǲ⾪ġ
һѧ˵Щ³ɵѧΪĵ顣
ʲôôأ׻˵ڣҲ˵ķڿȥԺ˿ߵģҲ˵֮㼤ߣȫΪķֻ˵СٺˣĴԺΣѲѧԺܰȫȥɣ
ʼԵѧʮ˵
ǣһȵԺ칫⣬Ժ˿ôˣȻķŭʱ򰲸ǻأôٳǣǴķԶǵ˼°ɣ
һѧ͵
ЩԭŵѧһôҲ׷׷
ãȻͳһ뷨ȥԺֹ
ȵѧֱһŵͬʱǰһĻһƬ˷ܡ
ܽλᣬ˳µıϵ䣬δĺôɾ̫ˣ
һȵѧǰ棬ͬһʿȴƫƫ˼
ͬȥͬȥ
ѧһߴ׳ƣһ߸


398 ̬ܵ
һѣʲôż
ԭԼİ칫ﴦѧԺعģȻ㲻æµȴҲԳƲ졣
ѧԺѧԱ࣬ʦ٣ѧԺڴǬڵλڴǬеķʹѧԺڵ飬ƱزܵһѧԺĽǶȥжϡ
Ϊʦ࣬ԼѧԺһӦƶȶѾϮ֮áֻżһЩϸϽиĶԵʣʹҪѧԺڵճ񼸺ûеġ
УҲϻɸʦɵĲȥȫ
ڹ淶ʼϮĹƶ£ڴ϶㹻ݵġ
ҪԺĸ߶ȣȥԸ˵ǻжϵ飬ʵ֮١
ճҪĶ󲿷ֶͳйء
ѧԺʦҲӵεľ磬ﵽεǿ߸ǲλ
һӴǬȻֻܽǰǷһѧԺһҵҵĽ齳
ʵϣżҪѧһһָѧ⣬ѧԺڵʦڴʱҪΪǬȥһЩġ
ǶľӢҲǿߣҪġȻ㶼һЩҪΣյ
ΪѧԺԺľҲǺķڶЩĴͰϡ
ҲͬʱǾڣӵдƵˡ
оԽĻ¼Ҫܶǿ鴩ƣκʱֱͨӽʹ۾
ĳֽǶ˵ѧԺǴǬ۾Уܹƿصһֻ⡢רִر
ѧԺڲѧԱʽҲˡ
ǰ䲼ãǿԶһ̣ʵѧԺЩʦճִһӰ
ȻÿҵУѧԺ֮ڵļ٣ֻҪѧԺѧϰȻ̵ѧԺӡǣһ飬ѧԺڳפЩʦֲĻȻͨЩ֦ɢҶ鲼ѧԱڼ̵ʱһɿֲ
Ŀǰ飬;£
ȻȻ飬ѧԺ磬ǲû
֮Ҫо£һΪչʾѧԺ۽ǻľһλӣҪףǽҪֵĸ
ڵڶ㡭ҪǳѧԺҪˡ
ϾôˣѧԺʼճȻ⣬һαǣ֮УʵԼھ絽ĳ̶ȣôס
ʵԴ֮̿󣬾ʹûչ
ҲǽôһλᣬµĶѧԺһ
ԭڰ칫ǴЩ飬ЩϢһһʾͰš
鲻ࡢҲӣܶȴΪͷۡ
Щʱ칫ҵĴȴˡ硱졣
Ϊ٣ȴЩʶؿڵû
£칫ҵĴű򿪣űһӣӿˡ
ЩɵۣؿԼİ칫Һܿ㱻һȺѧȴһƬ硣
ҲҿԺ칫㹻󣬷»Ųôˡ
ȫӿ˽ֱӰ칫Ҽڡ
ǡôˣ
һȻʵ
һҵĿߡ
Щѧ˷һĶ˵ķİԵᣬ˵ޱͷۡ
˺ôĹЩѧҪ˼ȻһĴʹȴҲһʱ뵽ķҪʲô
ôѧϵȻǴԺݣԼ
Ϊ˼ٲҪ鷳ҲΪ˽ЩѧӺһԵĴĥ⣬ȻԺ
ȻЩջȴƫƫò˳ķİȥ
˭γ̡ܰŵأ
뵽εҡҡͷͬʱѹѹ
칫Сѧʱһʱ䣬칫Ҵ֮ǰӵ˲üž
ǼԶôãֻΪѹʱͬʱһԪҲɢһЩ
ֲϢѹ칫ѧɲǼһȫ۾ܡ
˵飬ҶѾˡҲףΪʲôҪңȻķӿƵʦôȻԶԿüɽصҪԺ渳ȨԺ棬ǲֱҵģοǰڶǵѧԺ𣡡
˵һʱܵѾࡣ
칫СѧȻû뵽ܻһ̬ȣһʱȫɵ˵


399 ޱ֧
ԺԺˣǡֱ֪ΥԺġķʵ̫û˿Ϊʦеӣ˵ǲǡҲһʱߣŹġ
ܵŭ⣬һѧһʱȫʶĵͷЩ顣
ͷѧȴֳܱĬԾܿܺܲˣҲֻӲͷƤ
ʦߣҵҲʦ֪ʶǾӦʦǵĹأ˵ķûΪʦӣѵΪѧ𣡡
صĺһͷѧʱһЩصѹµڵϡ
ǡԺˣķʦ˵Ĺأʵǡʵ̫ƽ˵ڹǵ鷳ܹѧĶԼĿܹȡĳɼȫƾ˵ϲöǷܹͨѧԺĴ󿼣Ҳȫ˵飬˵ĻƽڣԺڣѧϰֺڣ
ͷѧҧҧˣ̬ܵȺԤȫͬҲȥ
ŴһǾҪȫˣ
κξȺ飬һ³ɣͷ֮˹Ȼþ޴ĺôͬһʧܣͷ֮ȻҲҪܵصĳʹ
ƽ磬ûĹƽԺ棿ԺӦ֪ķһвûΥԺ棬ڵѾȫԺ̤ڽ£ѧϰڣ
˵ͬʱ𣬴Լİ칫ߵǰ
ЩСԵʣҲЩͣܵĶ칫Сѧȴǲ
ԭЩӵڰ칫ҵУѾʹð칫ﲻʣʲôռˣټôһʱվŵȫǽϣ˸ֱӱ˰칫ңȻЩҡ
ȴɨһ칫ڵЩĮ˵ѧϰȻΪԼѲɻΪѧԺΪϷѧɣвޣѧԺǣ룬ѧԺκ
˵ţǶסͷѧֱͷѧͷ亹Ž˵Ͽʱ䣬ԾܵѾǴԺ棬ǴҿԸһλᣬ׷ڣ̸ҹؽȥ
ֻѡҪôʵʵķĿΣҪô뿪ѧԺѧԺҪΪǵѧҲҪΪǾۼһҾͲҰȫУѧԺȱѧ²ѧ츳ϲǣѧԺһˣҶаս̳֮ǿߣοֻһЩԴһȵš

⻰ո£칫ſڵѧǾһԵ˳ȥ
ѧȻҲѧܿͷ׷״Ӱ칫ܳܿ죬칫ֻʣܣʼ뿪˽ҵʮѧ
ʮѧԭͶѧǰ棬ȻҲվ칫ҵ棬ʱֱѧһɢ˸ɾֵõǡ
һ⣬ʣʮѧҲǲټ˵һͷͬܳ˰칫ҡ
ֻͷѧոҪߣȴܿڽס
ͷѧʱһæͣס˽Ų
ѧԺﲻźúѧϰźúĥȴЩ˵顣ȥʰһ°ɣ㱻ˣ쿪ʼͲѧԺѧˡ
ƽ˵
ͷѧȴ׻ɫ˲һƬɷס
ԺԺҡһʱϣҸᣡ
ԥģѧ˫һ䣬ҪֱӹڵϣǴظ
ȴ֣ѧоһѾһĶȻӲֹסˡ
һεƶ£ӲıƳ˰칫ҡ
ĿŰ칫ҵĴƾչƳǹεҲ֮ʧѧһ͵ĿŰ칫ҵĴţԵĻʱȫ
һ뵽ԼѧԺ֮Ҫľ޴ת䣬ѧֻôһƬհףѪӿ£ǰһתȻôӲͦͦεܵİ칫⡭
Щܵİ칫˳ѧٴ۵˽ѧ¥¥¡
ֻǷǰܰ칫ʱȫͬʱЩѧȴһĴͷɥ
ô죿û뵽Ժ̬ȾȻǸķôõԺ˲֧֣
һѧڨڨʵ
֪ô죿ľôĻȥɣ
һѧʵ
˻ȥ㻹бİ취𣿳ҪѧԺ
ô뿪ѧԺҪǱѧԺˡⱲӡǾҪӹµһˡ߰ɣȥȻֻһ·ߣͱԥˡ
ⷬ˴ѧĹ
⽫ѧ˴̾Ǧһ˽ѧ¥


400 һμ
ܳȥߵѧڻʱķĿγѾһҡ
Ժ칫ﱻܺһͨѵ⣬ʹЩѧܾþôĻʵǴ飬ȴƫƫٱֳκβ
ʵ޷⣬ΪʲôֻǱѧԺ￴ŵͷȥǿǹһʦְλķõѧԺԺ˲֧֡
鲻⣬ǲǴˣȻ֪Ӧȥȥѡ
ֻЩȻȫ˻վڽҵʱȴ
֪ķҪεǡ
ƽĶۣ׵ضĻԼôʦϵѧһʹġ
Ȼû뵽ǣķͷ·ûзκһ㣬ڿǻֻ֮ʾǸϽãҪŵյĿγ̡
ĽȻһѧ֮⣬һæܻؽԼԭλúأЩš
ֱķȫãٴοʼ˽ΣûκҪ˵˼ЩѧķûκҪǵ˼
ȻͬʱҲЩɻ
ȻɻûгãЩѧǾһһģòͶ뵽ȫעѧϰС
Ϊķεٶʵ̫ˣȻģεĹУȴ˿κ˼ʱ䡣
ǽһЩҪȥƵܹó۵ĵطķҲȫѼһġҪĶһꡣ
εѧΨһıεĹУķһӲκβߵʱ벻׵ĶֻǿκȥС
һʼڽļʮѧѾķһСʱҵĴݲУȻ϶ʼӦķĽν࣬ҲܿӦòȡķʽѵѧϰЧʡ
ϾܹģÿһǴǬǰμˣȻżѵӦѧϰġ
ȻǺСѧûôˡ
ԭ˷˰ڿεʱ䣬Ϊ̬ܵȶ˾ţȻܹķûκҪ׷˼ҪĽעȫһ׵飿
ټķڿεĹвѧκλʱ䣬Сѧеľܸһ˺ڿΣɵ¿εʱӽ
벻ķ׶Щʲô
СѧбȽͻһСˣܵ£ͼȥһЩҲվΪҪȥӦķεĽ࣬еݣٵÿ
ŵ¿εʱ䣬ķȻûκҪڿε˼ʱ䵽ΪֱֹͣԼڵݣҲٶѧɫͷӦֱŲӱ뿪˽ҡ
һҵѧ󲿷ֶǱ˴˻֮
ЩѧվӦֻ΢һԭΪȥ߶˰ÿεѧǾͽ˽ļʮѧΧס
׷ЦѯΪ뿪©һЩҪĶ
ҶȻߣΧס˾͸ˡ
ȻҶȻǲͣȻϲûб¶κı仯ȴѾⲻˬȫƵķϡ
ʱѾ뿪˽ҵķ֪ԼĪı㱻ҶȻǨŭո߳ѧ¥ͱһѵȺڽѧ¥ʦסͿĸԺڰ칫
ķȻЩ⣬⵹Ҳ֮УԱ㳯ʦ˹֣Ȼʦһ·ȥܵİ칫ҡ
һֱߵܵİ칫⣬·ʦŸȥķţͬŶ롣
һЩС΢͵߳ķǰ
ܴʱ˫վڰ칫ҵĴǰķķֻܹıӰ
͸ߵϣȴ֪ΪʲôķֻǸо˼˿ζ
ˡ
ɱķ˵
ǣԺˣˡ
ҵܵܣҽܡ
ױʵķ֮ˣԭǰķɵֱӣȻؿܡ
ԣȻѧԺʱ䲻ãʵѧԺĵһ죬ҾͷǳĹע㡣Ϊ㣬ѧԺδѧԺĵһ죬ңȻҪһĸߵĽʦȼһ졭Һȥʮʱһμ档
ķøˣԺȴǲȻĻʱһȥãԼǾĳ
ֻĥģȴ˵ģʮһ顣
ķ֪Ϊʲôôע㡢ҵܵô㣬ȴʼû𣿡
仰ո˵꣬ڻת
̼䣬ķоһƬӦİСߣȴ·һתߴ󵽶һ㣡
ķʱһ㱣վΪˣȻʱ̫ͣȴԶ˵ǿ
ֻǻһ˲䣬˫۱»ָһƬ
˫һһ˿Ц⡣
Ժˡڡң
ķ΢룬Ƿʵ


401 ֻ޷
ûȷʵһ͸ѧԺȻҵǿ֮£ΪһЩԭչ鲻һ顣ֵʱЩУҼ㣬ȷıֳȤ֧֣ô˵ǷǳΣյ顣
һ˵ţһԼΣָָ칫ĿΣЦſڵɣ˵ôվĵĻʵǻҲСѹ
ķ΢΢Ƿʾ⣬˳ָܵĶ档
лԺ˺񰮡
ķûӪĻظܺһڵȻܲµڱ㣬Ϊʲôֳôһ׮ѴͨļѧȫƵҲòȷ̬ȣһ֮ǰȫȻʧȥ壿
ԺˣҲǲѶΪ֮Ҳ֪ʦݣ˵ûκε˵һƣҪѹЩѱѧʵҪ̫ʱҸ˵ҿȥΣȴԸΪγ̶˷ʱ䡣
ķ̹Լ뷨
ǣѾƵ˷˼⣬Դ干Ϊһ᳤ڣеȫڵ㡣ڣδȵ£ֽȺѧұ̬ϾѾһЩˣټѧԺһЩ˶ȡ˼˵һ㶼о⡣
һ˵ţһ˫֧ϣֻֽһ𣬵סԼ°ѧԺȫȫվһߣôȻҪһЩҲûйϵġĲ˵ֻҪʼոңôھû˶㡣ȻҪǣѧԺĿǰûκҪ̬뷨ҲΪˣǰϽƬˮ֮С飬ѧԺ£ߣֻ˵̫ˡ
ķȻһЦڵԺ̫ңȷʵϣܹõѧԺҲ֪ͬͬѧԺȻϵѡȻҲ϶ǻǳصġҸղ˵ˣʱޣܶ²̿ȥãҪơЩѧˣĳЩҲˡ
üëܹƿѧԺô꣬ȻǴˣ෴ӵ㹻ǻۺֻ΢룬ķĴ㡣
һʱ䣬ķУ͵ζӵŨ
˶Ǹȷѡ񣬵ûκıҪɹʵ֣ն벻һ֧֡Сġ򻢲ɣɡ
ܿαϣЦǺǵ˵
ǾǣԷҪ֣ҲĿŵΨһİ취ǲðеﵽĿġ˵ֻҪԷþӣĺڰֶΣ޷вġ
ķгš
ܲķžǴģܹóķӷǳԼȻķԴżİգҲͲٹѡ
ҪõͬȻҪó㹻ı
ȻҲͲСˡһЩ飬ǣ뿴ˡһ㡭ȷʵܲȻһֱôǸܵܵ۹⣬һȴòϣûۡ

ķ֮Ľûг̫õʱ䣬Ǵˣ˴˵ĽȻ㲻Ҫ̫롣
˻֮뷨ģҲ㹻γĬˡ
ΪѧԺԺټѧԺĵλȻܹıķƵȴԸⱣֳĬ
ķǰҪģֳĬ
ܶʱ򣬲̬ıһ̬ȵ֡
ڽʱ꼶ѧҲεڷֱķڵӿơ
һ촺¼ȡĽѧԺ칫ҶķпߣȴԺ˺ǿӲأȷ̬½ȫУҲЩѧķð
ٶȴѧԺָ֮ͨУйעѧԺԼķ֪
ҲЩԴ˵ķӦͿֻ˵ѧԺڲǰǰͨԵǶЩҲΪоޱȵ𾪡
ǽеͷߣֱӱԺ˿УԴһ촺Թô̵ʱΪķѾʮѧʦ
۱ôѧԺЩѧĸоԺڶԴķйصʱֳ̬ȡ
ķ⼸Ͽι̣еޱ˳Щٽҵ꼶ķĿ϶ʼʵʵ˿Խ
⸣Ȼһֱƽ˾
ֻ޷硣


402 ֮
үѾɹĽķԸֵ˳ϷֱӺǬԶżȻȻ󱻽븮СǾ޷ˣؾܹĳ̶ȣҲֻܿԼı¡
Ѫվķԣ˵
ʱҹķոմӵڳѪһֱһ¥ͨҵſڡ
ķ󣬱һ˵ţһ߸ȥ
Щʱķ꼶ѧϿΣЩ֪ʶǻصⶰУʼƸָĵҩ
ֱҹŻӵгصԼԷУϢ
ҩһӦԭϣȫҩʦṩȻķûҪ׼ٸƷ׵ҩģƵҩĹ̼Ϊ٣⼸ʱҩĵԾɲһСĿ
ɵĵҩһṩѪѪֵǰʮѪ⣬󲿷Ҫ˴ȥṩʹõġ
ĸ䣬ҪһɾͣͶɱǸʵġ
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ڵҩЩãͨҩĻ䣬Ρ
ЧߵķʽΨһȱ㣬ޣ
˵־޴ͶܹγɵĲʵǳɱġ
ķںҩԭ϶ҩʦＯҪĶЩɱ޹ء
ȻܹõģȴһȺҳϵǿ
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ʣȫδǱҲ
Ǳ߾ͲˣǶһܹʱͷľͿˡĳ̶ȣҪ
ķһ˵ţһ߽öҩݸѪӡ
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Ŷô죬һ·ϲûкúõЪǸûЪɣһƵЩҩУѡһ͹ȥʱһֱ˷·ϣȴûüЩҩɱǡ
ķֽӹţЦ˵
ѪӸæӦһ
ķǽŷĻǯ𿪣ֽóһչűϸؿ
Ų㳤ȼ֣Ȼķ棬ҲֻǼӵʱ䣬㽫еȫꡣ
ȥҩɣ굤ҩϢһ磬ҪȥһҩʦܲЩ˴ҩģҪһЩǣһ᳤ǻᱻЩҩʦùѪͷˡ
ķЦǺǵ˵
ķƺѣȻѪӲ֪ʲôȴҲһƬ泩ЦӦһתŵȥ
ķƵ˶¥
ȷʵܺãΪױдݣǷ뷨
Ȼвûκλѡ֧ǬԶۣݳ˼ǬԶҲãǬҲգκ˵յĻж
Ҳе˭ΪεĵݶԸ³ɽٴνڸ֮ȶ֣ó֮ϣΪ¾ǻһƬҡ
ܴǱûͶκһʵֱ̬ѾǶǬԶбˡ
ΪյǻǬݵĻôҪ³ɽԼĳ֮еĪӰȶ֡
ǬԭѾõ˾ĳֺ֧ͳϣ̬ⷬ˼ȻֻǳǬԶ˵ġ
ϳɾ̬ⷬȻѾ֤ԼҲٴθͷվϧë˵ǸҲκзյ顣
ĳ棬ָ̫ࡣ
ȻջҲѾ㹻ķˡ
ʩʩȻ˶¥ķƿԼҵķţһϥϽǱ״̬ʱȴȻ֣ӦſڴϼµĻʱȻվڴϣͬʱޱȾĶŴͷĽ䡣
ķʶŤͷȥ㿴һεĺӰϢվ


403 ɱ
ķ΢΢һС˲ſ䡣

һƷҵ
鷳ǣķ˵ϣŵͬϢ
һӵƷʵĺɱ֣
ͬεޣֵɱɸΣա
պֵʵּǼɱ֣ں֯㲻ø֣ڵķȴӵѹԵʵƣ
ôܶԿôûòأ
Ȼľ˲˶㣬ķȴȫŴϵĻ֣һı˵
ŤͷɻؿķһۣٴγŽһԾķĻС
֪γƺ㲻ڵ𣿡
ڻķһЦݵĿʵ
ܱϿûκν䱸ʵϵǰȫɵ״̬ʺķͨС
֯ɱ֣ѾķܹԿļޣǰһɱֵĻķȻУҲа취סԺ֯˽⣬䲻£ҪԷסʵ̫İ취
ϧɱ߱ǿʵѾѹһıơ
ķȷ˶Էʵ󣬸ûҪͶԷսֻһԷֵĻ͵һʱߵĴ㡣
ڷȻǰҶȻǬԶѹټԬ̺ѪӣҲͲɱɱġ
ǶԷɱģΨһİ취ֻóȽֲĵȥѧԺУ԰֮С
ѧԺӵеӴֻҪƬʱ䣬̼ѧԺᱻ;ǰɱֵܵģ
ֻǺ֮ĹķԺйճһȻΣ쳣ȴڵǰ£аΣյİ취
Ȼаյİ취ķԺнеĸټ㣬ǳɹĸʣҲᳬɣ
Ϊ̫˽֣ķʵǱκ˶һֵĸɱ֣ڰҹ֮УֲĴڡ
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ĺɤӿ˿ڡ
ķΪĿǺһۡ
û뵽ԷȻĻῪڸ˵ںɱִʱǾֵ
ſѯʣҲֻΪܹ΢ʱ䣬Աõĵ״̬ѡ
ķԼûϣȴû뵽ԷĸĻᡣ
ô£
ķӳٵתţȻɻ󣬷Ӧȴǲ
˵ͷЦſڵң֪ҹãΪ£
ԭ򣬵һԭ򣬱Ҫȷһ顣
ɳƵٴ
ķ±Ѿᵽ˶ľȴٴΰθ˼֡
Ϊ˶ԼĳƺķӳԾ
ķԺ֯˽⣬ں֯ڣǴﵽ𼶱ɱ֣ʸΪ֯еġ
һɱں֯ڣܹﵽ߲Ρ
һΪԲ֯Ŀƺͽƣ˱е⣬ʱӵžԵɡ
ڡ֮£ϡٵɱ֡
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һ£֯ʮڵÿһ֮Уᰲһɱ֣Ϊ֯ڸù߲㼶ɱָˡ
ʮˣҲϱǺ֯ڣǼɱУǿʮɱ֡
ɱ֣ʮĴεżִһЩѶȵ
һЩɱ֣Ͼʱǰ
ΣǺмεɱ֣
ɱһɱȻҲǿ֮֡
ԶԽɱ֣ᱻִиָĸѶ񣬶Խǿɱ֣ᱻֱʮɱ֮£פڹڡҪĳǳ֮У
ֻɱ֣ŻԳơ
ȻǰԳơҲζţ˱ڴǬڵɱ֣ȻɱҲڹ֮У򲻵ѣɱִֻ
ķǳĳԾ
Ϊܹפؾһ漣֮ǣǰӵеʵȻںɱУμļ֮һ
ݡС̽⵽ԪȴֻƷҵľ硣
Ʒľ磬ͳΪǿļɱ֮һˣǼΣյģ
һʱ䣬ķľ߶ȽţضŽеĺˣעȫ
жĶֻǶһָͷԥƴ


404 
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Ȼ³Ծķȴûбֳκε쳣ϸǡôãȻɫ״Ʊܵķʵ˵ʲôʲôɱʧ٣
Ǳı仯ĻܶûвκθٶȺѪҺٱֵķǳƽȣͫҲûκα仯
ķֵ̫ϰߺܶʱ򣬺ֽĳЩĵʱǲҪ֤ݵġ
ֻҪͨԱѯߵ巴Ӧжϳʵ྿ΣźͻȻʣķȫľ񣬲̬˿©巴ӦҲȫŸеӽеıݡ
һУķǺ֯ɱ֣ܾǰɱȻҲǺ֯еľӢֶϣ֮ķȴŲСĲࡣ
ټɱָûķӵ۷εαװϸĹ۲ķķӦ֮󣬱ԥؽķӻɵ޳˳ȥ
Ȼ㲻֪ǱˣĵڶԭΪҪɱ㡣
ƽ˵ţδ£ȴѾķ
ֻ˵һ룬δͣ£ȴѾǰǷǳͻȻġ
κһǱʶﶼãԷӦ˵껰֮󣬲Żѡ֡
һ㶼ͻȻϮ£Ӧϰġ
ҲǺ֯ɱ֣ڰɱУһ˲òԵеʱͨʹõֶΡ
ϧķȻܱСֶɱΣʼעźһһķںδֻǸоԪǶϸ΢仯ĵһʱ䣬ѾŻԷĴȥ
ⷴӦȺ˵ĶһģںڸոշɱĶ֮󣬱ֲòӲֹסȻת˷ֳŴλ׷ȥ

ո޺ûĴٴαķײ飬ڻУķͬһֻҹݺ㣬˳ŴѧԺУ԰Ĵȥ
˽׹ķķȥҲͬŷ˳ȥĳķ׷ᡣ
ķԼǰ裬չֳֻƷʦҵľ磬ʵЩɻ
벻Ϊʲôķܹ֮ǰǰ
û˿ķ˼Ϊһϸɱ֣ԼĿ꾿ǿС
Ϊ۶ԷʵΣȫԸûжиʱ
֮£һʵž޴ʦȻнֵʱ򣬱ǰӦ
𣿻ǡʲôԭ
ɻŵʱ򣬻ڰеķҲſͣͬʱʮĴ󺰵
⺰˲仮ѧԺϿգԭΪҹٶһƬ֮еѧԺɲǼѡ
ǽʦסһƬ򣬸ķĺ𣬱һʱܳʮӦӰԴλãǰ
˫Ŀ΢°һ⣬ȻδУҲʼȫԸվûԤϵǰ״
ĿԼķ֮ľ룬жʮӰչֳٶȡ
ȷǰյ׷ʽѾ׷Ϻ󣬺˲ɵҧҧ͵һҧ⣬һѪԭٶȣ˲䱶
ķ֮ԭĲ㿪ľ룬Ǻ֮㼸Ҫֱ׷ϣͬʱһƣķĺӡȥ
ʱķɱŻѧԺУ衣
ķǽʦס
ȻӳҿʼûлͷһۣšСһУʼһ
˵Ǻط˲׷󣬲һƳĺӡȥʱķ·һ㣬ԪƾճԱŲһλ
ոպõĽһƾձܿ
һգʱ΢΢һʵ޷⣬֮£޽ĵطķôƾƶ壿
ôģܵۣһ˲ܹӦıƵķ򣬶һ˲һƾ;ԻֱĿ꣡
Ϊʲô״
Ȼɻ󣬵˵ٻӦȴǼ죬һպһֻƱֱķԴֱȥ
һεȫʩΪַ߷գȿԱ֤еʱԽķеҲԱ֤ķйĶҲܼʱӦ
Ȼķһαܿƻ
Ӧԡʱı˹ٴγķȥ󣬸ոѾٴƾܶķͬһ㣬һδƷ»ߡ
ʱĺˣķܹܿĹǽң


405 
ιȫգۿŴӽʦסڳӰԽԽ࣬ȳʮ˸Ѿߡ
֪Լжȥֵļ⣬Ѿɱķ뷨
Ȼķߣֿɼƫƫ·Զһ㣬²ʣȴҲֻһХǿڰֹסԼӣһתѧԺķȥ
ǰĹУȻı䷽ɻɼĸ˺
ǿѧԺȳʮѾ˽ǰȴѡ
ΪʮУ󲿷ֶʲεĸ֣Ϊ׵ˣչֳε
˺֣һЩеһס춼ƱҪϽ롣
ҹɫڻ뾩ڵЩС֮С
ҹȻ׷ЩˣһҪǿĶ࣬ҹ֮УоԵ롣
ź˹ϵѡ˷ķҲѾȵ˵ϣȱֵʮѧԺʦѾӹͷϷÿһ˵߶ϣȷķûгʮʦ㲻ٵģͷҲصĳź׷ȥ
ǷӦʦεڵķԡ
ʮʦ׷ȥЩʦǲûǰȥңֻǷ׷Χķѯķ׷ʲô顣
Ȼûķشһÿһ˵Ķ
׷ȥʦ⣬ʦԻȥϢѧǲҪ뿪ᣬҹ¡ķ㵽Ұ칫һˡ
ķȻܵģֻû뵽ܾȻǿزÿһ˵Ķȴû˿У԰Ͽա
һ㡭ĸȻѾĳ̶ֳȡ
ܵʵ۷ĳ̶ȣӦѾ̽һ˿ߵľ˰ɣ
ôţȴһǸͬΧʦǹ˹֣Ȼתܵİ칫ҷȥ
ʦȻҲܵȻɻȴҲδʣ㰴ܵҪ󣬷׷׻˾ס
ķܵİ칫ʱǰƺʲôļ
ķŶ룬ָָֻԼǰĿΣͷҲ̧˵
ķԶУܽȴûҪ˼ֻܰϣ۲ܵİ칫
ҹܵİ칫ͨ磬ķ൱
ټİ칫ʵ൱򵥣ڰ칫ҵһ⣬ǽڶƳǶܣڷ鼮칫еװΡ
µĹ۲˺һĹƺеļ˿̧ͷķ΢΢һЦڵֵɱ֣
ķͷ
ԳֵĻǿԽɱµģڻ׷ȥǾͲʲôˡȻֻĲΣҹ֮УҪ׷һֵɱ֣Ƿǳѵ顣ʲô
һ˵ţһ߿ķ̬仯ȴķû¶κֻ߷
ƽķ·ȫ޹һ㡣
ôѵûκβ𣿱ϾԳֵĻ˵ǰд̵ɱˣǺ֯ڲɱ֣ҲҪѧԺڲԷȻ۸ҵͷϣȻ֣ҲǺġԹۣѵҲ𣿡
ķƽȫȻαƺûϣ⵹ܸоЩˣ̲סʵ
ԺˣˡֻǺ֯ɱֶѣκ飬ҪְҽҲʵ̫ûЩ
ķǷǷ˵
Ŷ⻰е˼ں֯ǲм㡭֪֯жôǿ𣿡
ķĻشܲɵøЩ
Ժ˷ģķǿ֮ˣȻ֪֯ôӴϸ˵֯Ըȫһ𣬲˼κʧĶĳһҷϮĻһҳױݻٵģǴǬҲ⡣ȻôĻ֯ҲƱҪشпܸͬھһɱ֯ȴӵԺһӴҵѾ֤ǿҵȻС֡
ķɵ˵
ŶȻ֪֯ʵΪʲôţ˵ʵȻң򲻵ѵ£ҲԸ̫ŭɱּŵġ
ϸĶķ·Ҫµʶʶķһ㡣
ٺ٣ɽƣ˵ͲˡԺˣ֪ǷԸҴģ
ģʲô
ԺӦ֪Ǻ֯ȡһǲĿĲݣȻȡɱˣҲɱִּСԣѺͬƹ֮һİɱΨһİ취ֻǷǾͶġܲΣ
˼ôҪ
ķȻƾԺ⴦ãĻԺ˴ӦһҪ󡣡
ѧԺǰվӡ
ֻҪѧԺĳ򣬲ҪѧԺ
ֻĻԡ


406 ڣϣ
ڶһ磬ķҶȻһԹ緹
Ŀż뿪ӣǰѧ¥ȥѧԺָѪŴ˵үķԸǱֻע˶ȥҪĶˣԤƽ磬з
Ҳ߰ɣ⼸ҪˣٲǼŵôǶҪֱӰһ᳤ְλˡ
ķһ˵ţѾ·һ¥ȥ
ǵܵ˴ſڣűϣһҡСβͣһ߳ķͷ
ôƺԽԽһֻˡ
үôֱȥϷôһ飬ǲǶ׼
ѪЩɵʵ
ãǵ򲻵ѵֵ˻ڰ춯֣ҹǵϾǾʱҲҪ档ҹţ㷢һЩ飬Ҳᱻ֪ڰô˳纣ʱ֣ʾȫһˡǼŭ֯ҲǳͷʹǲԸðյġ
ķ˵ĹѾǰ˴ţһ̵Ĵ˳ȥ
ķ˵ѪҲȰ˵ֻڸȥ󣬾ȴᵽߵĳ̶ȣȷһõһʱӦ
ǰɱɱ֣ķ֮ʮ˵׷³ɹѡ
ѵĹ̲ûл̫Ĺķʱܵİ칫δ뿪͵ȵ׷ȥʮʦΪͷɥܵİ칫Ҹ׷Ľ֪ܡ
ķȻǺ飬ʮʦ˵ȴȻһֳ衣
뿪ѧԺǰҩʦܲһ·ϣȻķԤϵǷƽ˾
һֱĿĵأҩʦ֮ܲںʼս񾭵Ѫ˿
ѾȺܲãķѪӽʱЦӭȥ
ҪѾˣڶںõء
Ϊе˵ţͬʱķĸ첲ȥ
ȲӣǺķƵġ
˵᳤ôżɣԼߡ
קŵķεؿ˵
ôܲżһ˵㶮øƳɢҩҩʦǾȫˣѡҩʦڵĹǸɣ̻֮ҩʦǲŻݹ׶ȵĶѣڵȡҩʦ˵⽫һʵķԾ
ޱ˵
ҫε˷ܹâ
ķֻţҩʦܲõһԺӣȻ㿴ʮҩʦҶǵĴ£ĵ
λλҩʦĵһ᳤ķ죬ͽλ⣬ܹƳĵҩɢ㣡
ķԺӺǴĽһ䣬ǽʮ˵ĿⶼķϺ˵һԡ
ķɨһֳۣҶЦ⣬Щҩʦϵ飬һǻԶΣ˵УЩ⡣
֪ӦԼΪνĵһ᳤ٵĵһδ󿼣ķ΢΢һЦߵԺǰ׼õһҩǰ
ҩȤǻ᳤ѪҩкŽ˰ɣ
ķֻǴ£ûмжϳҩƷףԺЩҩʦϵĻɫ֮ȥһЩ
һ㣬֤ȷʵЩ汾µġ
ЩҩʦҩʦĹǸɣЩҩʦͬЩҩʦŵĹͺģǺҩʦһپ١һѾǲɷָ壬Щҩʦӡ
֮ǰķп˵ʱЩûκһڳԾķҩˮƽǲδʼճлɵ̬ȡ
Щ⣬Ҳ֮ˡ
Լʹõҩ¡ȻҪĻ᳤ǽһЩȫµ֪ʶܲñ䣬ûκαʾ
Ҷ΢Ц˵
Ŷô˵λҩˮƽĻҩǻ᳤ʹ͸ˣ
ķװһϲɫʵ
ҶϵЦݶʱסűʶĿ
ȿȿȿȣ⡭ô˼ҿûôӦֻǽãã
ǻ᳤ĪЦѣҿλϵɫЩأԻԾա
ķ˰֣˸
ޣҪһʱ죬Сĵͷչ鼺ã
ķΪӣҶ̲ס̰
أҪʾҩַǲҪ𶦡ʹҩĻλҲ޷Ĺ۲ϸҾƾƣλɡ
ķٴҩһ˵
ʲô
ҶڣԺ˶ʱȫ㵵ؿķ


407 ڣ£
ƾƣĻ᳤ûɣ
Ҷգգ۾ǲʵ
ȻûʹҩĻҶҩΧΧһȦŶ¯֮ڣҩĻ֮ı仯ҩֻϷһڣԹ۲ϸȫ档ȻΪʾӳƵʱ䣬λܹĶҲǼΪƬģ֮ϸȥҲվЩλоģɵĵطɲﵽЧ
ķһ˵ţһ߻֣ԦҩԵһҩģѡȡһЩŲƵԼǰ
ǺϵƷҩķûжŲƹģֻǺһ׺ͺ׵ġ
ȻʹҩĻңҲƷ̫ߵĵҩԺһ׺ͺײεĵҩܿƵķ롣ƵҩḶ́ԭĿľֻΪλƹҪעһЩԵҩƷףͲҪˡ
һ˵ţķѾӽµҩУѡ˼֣ȡʹ֮Ưǰλá
ķôһֿͣķʼӣԺ˶ǸоţȴҲüɣֻķƣ׼ŵķʧ֮˵
ǻ뷨ʵΪǳΪҩѧͽʼҩһֱҩвɻȱһ塣
ǳʮڼʮҩУʹû˵˭ƵҩĹУܹʹҩġ
ʵϣ֮Уķ⣬ûҩʦܹҩƵҩġ
Щҩʦеʵûʲô⣬ΨһֻǡôһˡרΪ˴ڵġ
ķܹ֮ʵҲȫΪöؽָԵʣһУѾҩıʣʹҩֵãԪҲʵ֡
ΨһǣõǿȴСҪľԪ仯
ûԺҩʦǸӵɫķѾԹԵԪȡЩҩİУͬʱԪ£𽥵γһ͸¯
һϵĹķҲûţڼȵͬʱĶõĸԺЩҩʦҪע
ƾҩҪҩƵĵ磬ıǼϵԭ򣬶Ƕˡ
ȻҲűȻϵһУķȫҩ֮Լеļɡ
ЩֻҪԸ⣬ȻǿԴڸ˵ġ
ҩʦûָ㣬Ҳ޷ҩʵĻôҪ뵽Щȴǲܵ顣
ķʼ˽仰֮ԺЩԭϻŻɵҩʦǣһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ϊķݣǳļ򵥣ȴһֱҩıʣ
ڳҩʦҲӵź׵ҩˮ׼ȻܹжϵĳķڽġЩǴδݣжô
ֻһĹСʮҩʦһȫյķԣΧȦķΧм䣡
һϢϸӣҲҲ㷽ֻɵı飡
ЩҩʦĹǸǣҶҲǺһģһı飡
ΪķʱڽЩݣ˵Ҳȫδŵģ
ķҩʵĽķͬʱһһеϸµҩ̣ҶǺڣԺҩʦͬʱоԼǰ·𱻴һͨĴţ
ǵһη֣ԭҩȥ⣡
ķǵչʾҩɣԼЩҩʣЩҩʦһֱιĵҩ򣬼ֱǳ׵׵ĵ߸
ЩҩʦǱܸжǣÿһ˶жϳķڽڸǵЩ׾Թļֵ
ŵ˵ҩķڸǽÿһ仰Կ޼֮
ЩǶȫ⣬ֻеƤëҩˮƽɱ
ЩѾ޷üֵȥҩ֪ʶķȴںޱĽڸǣ
ʣԼ߱ı£ǾԲóڸ˵ģ
ЩҩʦϸĹУһ缢ƿʵμķ˵ÿһ֣ͬʱҲӿ˶ķľ⡣
˴˽˿̹ϣÿһķɺ͵ҩʦѵ
һ̿ʼЩԭﶼѱҩʦǣͬķΪһ᳤ݣ
ķԼû뵽ֻôһδڣȻշЩӼΪ°ҩʦǵġ
ΪĶǰЩҩʦ޼֮Լ˵ʵֻͨѡ
ͺе֮۶ôӣʵնԹΪļӼ˳һ
֮֮䱦ǡ
ķȫҪ㣬ƾƵĵҩҲѾͣɢȥԪ¯ʱŷŨĵ֮ԺЩҩʦǿѾǳݺͿȣ


408 лر
Ҷ˿ű˼ޱµĳķҾء
ҩʦҲѧ׷׺ˣȻһƬߵķǰ
ȻЩǰ״ЩҩʦеĴķҲ̹Ȼ֮
ԸоĳЩҩʦǶĤݺͳ羴ȫǷĵġ
ҶǺʱҲѾ֮ǰмĲͬ
֮ǰΪһ᳤ʱڵҶǺ֮ͬڵĵλ
֮ǰǰ㣬˴˺ͻõζŨһЩ
ɣ̸ǵĶȻӣһҩ裬ҪѧϰĶͱ뽫ȫղСҪڽľʱ䣬ϣǲҪи
˶Ѿߵ˵Ϻķſ˵
üӣֻǰЩҪйҲЩ²
ûУϽȥ԰ѽѧĶúõоʲôʱȫо͸ˣǲźĻ᳤µĶ
ķĻʱغ
һƬ֮ģΪҩȼһֱͣں˽ϣѾнʮʱ䣬ҿ֪Ҫͣȼϲ֪á
ĻⱲӾͿں˽޴Ҳǲܵ顣
ʱˣ˼ЩˣľǷ˶ҩʦϡ
ɾڸղţϸķЩ֮ȴһ˿
ĸоԼѾͣʮ֮õҩˮ׼ڳɶ
ֻҪץסλᣬϸУпܻŽҩʦĵã
ҩʦСߵĲˣ
һ뵽ⱲܾܿҪʵ֣Ҳ޹ֺ˵ļ١
ЩҩʦҲûõȥôһɤӴӵϺһæֱͬҶǺķּ˸Ȼ˳ĳԺӡ
˶߹֮һ˼ĳҶǺķ˹ûڣҶǱЦ͸ϽҺĻ᳤ЩҪ˵
ǣǣˣλٽң
˸ҾƨߵߵܳԺӡ
֣ں˽׵ˮ׼Ѿʮˣȴʼ޷ͻƣҩϵ츳ǻۣʵ֮ϣΪ̫Ϊϲ辶ԸಽԸʹǰڵҩˮ׼ȻǼģɵ˺ڣһĳһƿ֮ϣ㼸Ƴ
ҶǿԺŵķһο˵Һ֪Ľ֢ʲôطϰֶɣȴѸı䡣ҩҲԼĵǻԼĵҩıҲɻĴԽأҩһ;ϵ˼תʼרĵĴ顣Ľ⣬򣬺ܾܿʹͻ˵˷ܡ
ֻˣô֡ǻ᳤ҿڻֻǾƷʵľ磬ɲҩˮ׼ļȻְҵҪϰŽףֻҪ۷ʵľԡҪٴϡﵽ֮ͭɾҪӵΪˡҿλ᳤᳤Ϊǻ᳤ҪӰѾˡ
ķЦǺǵ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЩ㵵ؿķϵıֱܿϲȡ
˼ǡ
ʲôҲû˵Ҳ޷κα֤Ͼͻļޣֻ˵Ӧлģҡܴ󡣡
ķ˵ЩģѾ㹻Ҷϲ
һҵ֮ҶѹͷĪĿܡ
ЩԳҡҡͷҩʦ᳤ݣڴǬҲͨĴӸλڼΪֻһҩʦվȻȻĥλ߸еϺͳǸ
ѾжꡭûĿƲסĲ˷ˣ
뵽ˣҶûɵıЩп
ķĺڲ֮ͬǰҴδκһʮˣ㣬˵һ»츳׿Ȼȥ͵ĻΪ˴Ǻδѵ硭޻۲ɣ
ķ΢΢һЦûлػ
ҶҲ⣬˵ֻԲµóҩˮ׼ҶҪ֪߳٣ĿǰܹƸƷ׵ҩģӦֻ޽ᾳѣǺҩˮƽ޹ءҩʦƽ
ԭĻȻڱ᳤λãҲûġǰľʵǹУֱʹڷ˼⣬ֱӰƵ᳤λãк档άӣκ飬뻹ԶƵҵϣڲһ´һ㽫ӵкҵͬȨʲôͷȥɣҩʦ壬ǿĺܡ
ķ΢΢һЩжǷӦ


409 Ŀ
үȥģ
ѪӸķԣǷʵ
ʱķѾҩʦܲڳȴûκҪѧԺ˼վܲĴǰŽĳ
ǶķĽԣצ̧쵽ԼĶ棬ɦ
ȥãõ׼һǡȥի
ķ۾󣬺ȻڷԸ
Ѫһ㶣æӦһתֻҩʦ֮ܲڡ
õѾˣԴ֮ǰλΪķ˳ͻֱӿҩʦλȻ㶮ࡣ
οķڻ˳ĵһ᳤κҪ鵱ȻϽȥ졣
ҲǼӵĹרṩ᳤ʹõͳ򣬾ͳķǰ
ԭλ˼Ҫٸķ䱸ϰģȴķԥľܾˡ
˳Ҫȥĵطķ㱧ŻѪһ
ĳͬʱʮˣֻķѪˣԵΪտ
ǼݳһϾھڸСϤĺܣķֻҪ˸˳·ݳȥǲķָ·
ȻҪķָ·ķҲָһȻȥǲիڵľͶʮľվһЩͬķӡеĸֵ·һԷ塣
үǲիʲôط
Ѫһʵ
ȻӶɽ˳ҵ£ƽʱȷʵкܶҲҪиֻԽԽǿ顣ò˶ãеѪվҪ¾룬ʱǵΪͬ飬СҸǿͷԡ
ķûлشѪӵѯʣ˵һ⡣
ѪӺٺһЦڵүͷİɣ׻˵ˮ¥̨ȵ£ǼүԣɶôҲͶһݾռţ˵ֵǳˣΪܸ߳Щֵһͷ缸Ӧ
ŶôģȻƵЩҩȷʵṩǣҲֻΪȥɽ·;ңԶڸÿ׼ȴûʲôġ϶ǵǰܹܵļޡϸ˵ǵʱӦ÷ǲѪ̲Ŷԡ
ķѪһۣЩѪġ
үȻڶʱһ㶼û¡˾ʼһѾ˯ָˣÿһҹжɹþȽƣȴκ⡣үָǳྫҩʱ䣬һĽʵǱڼ졣
ѪЦŽ͵
ŶȻˣΪʲôѪǲܽҹ
ķֵʵ
ȿȣүոڿվȽŸٷϴˣҪʵ̫Щܶ飬ûһ߳ʱģʱҪæҹʱҲһ춼Ҫ¡ʵǲʺѰһ̶ʱ䣬ճ
ѪӵĽͣķһԼţһת˵˱顣
Ȼʮ˸ҿԿʼһЩص顣վ̫ޣټľڣܹ𵽵üԺԡѾ˼ߵĵλʵԼԿƵ֮١壬ҲֻǰϵʵЩ˽飬ǸͲҲԡҪĶĿ
үô
ܼ򵥰κεطйͻкڰѩͻˡǾҲ⡣ھӴǧ˾סγһͬһȦھڣֶ֮ҲԶطĸӴ󣬸ơְҵ
ѪЩãȻ̽ʵү˼ǡҪĵ
ûȻĽǶ˵ЩľĳԶܺĴȣҲͬԼڡҲɱ˴⾩Ҳ⣬۳СݡŷӣЩɾӪھڿɶǺúܣһЩ쵽ᡢؤթͽЩ˾ϲ̨棬Ҫ˵˭ϢǸͨȴҲûеġ
ķ˵ţָָͷ΢Цż˵ȻǸ߾ӽ֮ϵλۻʣҪ˽ܵһЩ飬¶ǶĿԣܹõЩ˵֧֣ôܶԭӵ飬ͻúܼ򵥣ܶԭ벻ͨ飬Ҳͨĳ˿룬ھʵ
ˡǺүȥիʲôϵ
Ѫͷ
Ȼйϵǲիϰ壬ɲһˡ
ķ˵Ѿ۾Ҫһ㡣
ѪӲټʣ»ָ˰


410 ի
իλھϳ¥мλãĴ󣬾Ӫǹֻ֮¥С
ŵ໹һ
ǣƤѻǣǣ֪֪治֪ġ
ȻǾĺó򣬵¥ڵλã;ȴ಻Զ¥ʵҲǷʢĺܡ
һطܹӵһСĵ̣ȻҪǮô򵥣۽ϻǹϣҪĴ̲ſ
˵ٲƻֻЩƤʱʱϼΣ̶뿪ȥ
Եܹڹ¥Ͽĵ棬䱳߶˵Ĺϵ
⾩֮ģ߹ơ꣬˵׼ڴϲСĲĳһţ˶߹հŤܹһźүĹϵοЩܿ棬ö֮ӭſɿˡ
ʲôҺ̨ĳƷУҼҺ̨ǿƷɣ
Ҫֻ̨ǸƷ£㶼˼˴к
Щк̨ĵ֮Уիƫƫеࡣ
Ϊ̲ͬû˵իıʲô˳ҲʲôͲիܡ
ɼˣիɰȵ¥õĵؽϿţҿǿȵһҡ
Ī˵ЩѲֵĲ۴ܵի磬Щ᷸Ƥ죬йիֹ¡
թȡ͵ԣ۸ұɽô˸ɽֹĵ棬ٻżôһص飬իУǴδš
·իǹ¥Ƭϵһʥذ㣬Ǻ¾йصκιԵ
ܲ˼飬ȴ֮УΪիϰлɽ
лɽʮжڶʮǰǬһʱȡŵĹ˳úǷʣѹ֮꣬òȴֻʮ߰ˡ
ټµĳͱʫеţʹлɽ¥Զ
ЩֹеСǣ󷲺лɽģ㶼лɽĽ
лɽ䣬Ǳ˶ľֱӺˡ
ˣлɽȴδκһﴫʲô£ÿիһţлɽҡӣի֮УԵõĹԼӡ
ϣûκһ֪Ƶ£ڲصһȷѪĽ
лɽǲիϰ⣬ͬʱҲǾ°ᡰǱᡱĴͷ
֮⣬ٷھݡСŷȵӪģлɽֵӰУ
ķ֪֮ի֪лɽݣȫһԭ
һķһΪֵ
ھǿơˮԨһѾΪ˺ڲɱ֣˾ڣҲҪվĹ
ǳסǧȻɱ֣Ҫ֮һǱˣҲڴ롣
Ժ֯ں󣬱ṩһİ
ǵʱѾʮлɽ
ûлɽǾĵͷӣͬʱǺֵˣ
֯ڲԱְܹΪࣺࡢ
ȴײβķһжδġ⣬ͱǺֵרְɱ֡
ΪˣֶΣںǿͬʱҲṩճľ衣
Ǻ֯鼰鱨Ա
£ְԱ֮伸򽻼ְͬԱ֮䣬Ҳֻһһ緽ʽ
ƫƫлɽں֯жһǳӣ
ΪǡгԱͬʱҲһࡱгԱ
ְ֮Уλ൱֮ߣ
һУķ֪Ϣʵ˲СһҲΪˣ֮£ķԼʱĽȨޣȡлɽйصϣԶлɽ˽
ʱѾٽ磬лɽյԼĵµŰǰһɽˮͼ
Ķ棬һΪ̬̼֣̼һЦݣĻһ˿ֺúĵɫ
Ȼɽˮͼ⾳ԶʷϵǾƷڼʶлɽҲô¡
ɿۣ˶ѡ
۾ȻɽˮͼڳһΪ͵ӣʵѾĥһȥЩʲôˡ
Ǹ̬ˣիһˣƽʱлɽֻ̬ԷһӶѡ
˲༸ӵʱ䣬лɽԼҲĲˣ㿪һԺĿʱǰĹȴǺȻһ
ʶ̧ͷȥлɽ㿴һӦûʮˣһӵͬ£վĵſڡ


411 
իȻÿĿ˲࣬廨ŵĿҲ϶֡
лɽһݣ˵۹⵱Ȼ㶾ĺܡ
ԾͻȻڵſڣסһЩߵͶ˱Ͽûʲôر𣬵лɽȴͫ΢Ŀⲻı䵽ͶУӵϡ
ˣȻķѪӡ
ϰ壬ȷʵҵʵѾ˲ƵĲƷٶôһҲûʲôҪûذɣ⻹бĿˣͲˡ
лɽͬڶ˵һ䣬Ȼ㲻ټװǻӣһЦݵĳſڵķӭ˹ȥ
ȻǷҲûʲô⣬ʱлɽʵûټͶԷȥ˷ʱ䣬ĥ۸
˽ϰǶô̰թһˣһڿһǳļ룬Ҳ϶ϣܹı档
лɽҲٸī
ȻҲЩ⣬û뵽лɽŻһȤĿԼôͻȻ˵Ҫˡ
ԭлɽı飬ĥӦôʨӴ󿪿ڣúõ׬һʣ˭֪û˵лɽȻͿˡ
Ȼ벻ͨȴҲΥлɽлɽЩϵлɽı΢֪Щ߽߱ǽǵģлɽ˱Ҳֻ˻ǿлɽЦЦһεĳ˲ի
̫˶ߵիſڵʱķòÿ˰ӡ
λǵһҲի𣿡
лɽѾߵķǰҡȣһЦݿ˵
ķδһʱش𣬶ϸش˻лɽ¶Цݡ
һлɽʱ򣬾лɽѾʮòȴֻ꣬ʹʱǲ𲻴
εϰܶЦһΡ
ķȻ˵
ڸո¶Цݵʱлɽ͸оΪϤʱֺȻķôһ䣬лɽĳǸҲɵɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǰңʵӾͷңȴװı
һգлɽķڣ˵
αװһſڴ׽͹
ķ·ûплɽķӦһ㣬˵
ںҹߣӲɲǵ
лɽһ˵ţϵıȴѾ֣µӣͬķĳʥʽһ㡣
㻯ǧŵĹ塣
ҲǣİذֻΪ˵ո
ɱ֡
ɱ֣
ůòֻΪɱˡ
վһԵѪӺãȻķлɽĽһŵʺȴֲҿѯʣֻװһĮı飬վķԡ
㡭˭
ķ˵ֻΪɱ˼֣лɽµıɢȥɻдžɵɫķʵ
ѵôվڵſڽ̸ɣ˵ǲիĹغϰߣ
ķЦǺǵʵ
лɽһԼţǸȻͻˣʵЩУˣλȥðɡСԣѵŹˣǲիӪҵˡ
ͬƷԸһлɽЦݵĽķѪӳźȥ
ȻѪӱֵΪķȴһ̹Ȼ
лɽһ·˲իĺ̨ۿлɽڻ˺󣬰뵽λϣԸ˱衣
лɽķĶ棬ʵ˭
ҽķĿǰѧԺʦͬʱҲҩ졢ĵһ᳤
ķЦŻش
лɽ΢΢һķȻģھͬǰ֣ڲ֮ǰһĲ
ɾô̶̵ʱһһĲȴѾھļ
ȻΪǬĺڣһ֪Ｘÿ궼ΣͬķȴǼеһ
ΪķЩ˲ͬӵ˾޴ȨӰ
˶֪ݣӦʵģ˶֪ġ
촽лɽ󣬿˵
˶֪ݡҷŲѾ𣿡
ķЦЦĿлɽһۡ
ⲻܣǡ֪֮пڵˣǶʶģУ㡣ʵϣͣҲܳΪЩеһԱ˵ʵΪǶǵĻشܹŪҡ
лɽҡҡͷ
ҿûкŪ㣬ô˵أȷʵһˣֻһûеõһݺͳϣ㡭𣿡
ķһصĿлɽ
лɽգգ۾ȻһȻı顣


412 ʱ
ķѪӴӲիڳʱлɽ԰͵ſڵģһֱĿ˽֮лɽŷ·ʲôûзһ㣬»˲իڡ
ڲիĺãķлɽ˻̸֮ãھʱ˲իȥʱȴѾ
лɽܹΪϴ󣬲ں֯ڲں֮жӸλȻһǳҲǳˡ
û̸ĹвķκαװĺۼҲķĽ͡
Ǻ֯ڣĳһλ˽ڵĹŵӣ
⵹ܹлɽţʵΪķ˽̫֯Ļܣеĺܶ飬лɽҲûʸ֪
ټһķܲǺˣһȴǺڻʵĸ߲㣬ټٵģȻܳκ©
лɽһԸˣȷûκ󣬱е̽תĿʼԼӦ
Ȼ̸ʱܳʵ˫˴֮ûκεķ硣
̸ȫݣֻΧžϸԼķҪлɽṩľʽѡ
ķԼݱҴһΪ֯ȷʵΪˡɱ֣ͽҲȷʵɱֽ֯ϸĽԼͽܡ
ԴӺ֯ڲĹƶ˵ķԼһݣûκġ
ΪȻлɽڡࡱ򡱶еĵλߣȴԶԶıȲϽ
պ֯ڲΪضƶĸ棬лɽݣȥ֤ͬݣҲԲϱֻжϺʹ
ֹȻ޶ȵı֤˺֯һЩԱİȫ£Ҳܳκ⡣
ȴƫƫΪķǷ˼ľá
ѧԺ·ϣѪķĶ棬ɫǹŹֵؿķ
֮ǰķлɽһĽУѪʼվķȻǽ˽ȫݶ˶Ϊ˲¶ڣѪһֱӲݺ;ԵĳĬлɽҲȷʵûжԣʾκ顣
ѪȴʵʣΪķлɽ˵ЩѪһֶû
һ磬ΨһݣлɽӦǺ֯ˣķүлɽҲΪǺ֯ˡ
ƫƫѪȷһԼ϶ķүǺ֯ˣ㵼Ѫӵ˼άӻҡ
ʱֻķѪӱޱȵĿЩɻ
ȻֲȷԼɻЩò֪һʱɫͱ쳣Ź֡
л˵ƨͷţڳôһصʲô
ѪǼѾҪŤһ٣ķû˵
ȿȣүˡΪʲôΪǺֵˣ֯Ҳģ򶼳Զɱ֯үʲôʱǳϹϵˣ
ѪεԼĺףʵ
ûں𣿡
ֵķԾˣѪӲôɣ
ǿˣɾǺƣҲñŰүôģ
ֻҪ֯㹻˽⣬Ȼеǰ취ȡΪʲôԺô˽⣬ǾͲˣҲش𡣡
ķ仰Ѫҭһ¡
ǡүǼȻǺƣ᲻ᱻ𣿺֮֯ǿ󣬾һңԸȥǵģǱǷںƣʱŭ֯¡ְ̼֮
Ѫԥһ£ʳԼĵ⡣
İɣʵСֻڵ衣龡ܿһƱأʵռС֯еļܹתʽעһЩһƣױáԺ֯ڲϢܵҪ֮ߣƱ̬ҡǸ⡣
ķ˵ѪӲǿġ
Ҳ֪ķԸ˵ණҲ֮ڿڣԾȻӵɻȴҲٶʡ
ܿ콫ͻѧԺĴ⣬ķ˳ָЩӣڳǧлУѧԺ
ʱѽƻ裬ķѪӻķӺ󣬱㿴ѪȺһ¥Ĵ֮С
ɲڷһѧϰݵԬ̸ţʱҲѪ˵л
ΪѪ̣ѪȻϰߺ̸ΣĲڡ
Ԭ̾Ǹ룬Ѫ֣˵ʮ䣬Ѫֲܻһ䣬ػ֣ҲʵԬĵİпࡣ
ƫƫѾѪˣܾܲôƽ׵ƲѪԼݣҲǿЦż֡
ڿķѪӻͬʱ˿ѪָæͬķԬƨߵߵĸķ˸кȻƵ˳¥˶¥
ôǣ
ķһĪĿԬܵıӰֵʵ
ȿȡǺһôɣү֪ģˡʵǲ찡
Ѫһε˵ţһߴյķԣѹүԸ鶼Ѿˡ
Ŷ˶˰ɡ
ǣڶѾɢΧˡ
ܺãȥæɣҲҪ׼׼ˣҪ¡Ҫ


413 
λھıԵλãǬڽԼ˵ų⣬ΪףӰټҲǰٻšټǬķ缫ʢϲ̸۵ʿ洦ɼ
ȻȻģЩҲͲ
˵ɽ֮еĹɲչ˵ĸо֮⣬۷ҲáҲգǳ֮ˣɷǵζЩȴƽп֮ôҲ˲ô׵ĸо
Դ󷲽ڳǳ֮еɽ֮е޷ȵġ
ⶫȴǸ⡣
Ϊµֵܴʦһϵĵõɮ
𷨸ͨ͸ұͨ
ԴܴʦΪ˶µ֣չ˼η⣬һЩ˵Ը֮󣬶µһ壬𽥵غ
ΪȻҲѳĹɡ
ܸ˴ôǲŻȥŷЩ޷˴ôȻӵͽ
νĺôĸ裬ܹݵİϷҲûȥעˡ
նֻܿĵǰµĶ̰һҪ֮𽥵زԨ
ֱºȻ׷Ī̾ʹֵֹ࣬˭
֮˱пɺ֮˽ˣ߼Σ
ܴʦȻҲܵõʲôֶΣʢȴǲʵ
𣬶ڵЩȻҲ˶ĺ࣬һкУڵܴʦӵ쳣
ǰݷԽԽ࣬һʮʮ٣ܴʦȻҲԽԽ
Ȼһʼܴʦֻȡ˼ˣİԸԶﴫ£ʱˣȴѾ·һ㡣
ֻҪĳϣǱȻ³ɣ֮ûдɣ϶Ĳϣеڶԭ
αĳϡȻǸӵĶжˡ
ǧ¡ɽվЩ飬ǹĵ
Ҳˣһʱ䣬ǰݷﲻ絽ֱ̫ɽϡݷ𽥵ĴӶ߹⡣
СǴεڵĽĴСŽҪʼͳһ׬Ǯж١
֮ϣǱׯϵĴ𣬿ڷǰ˳ЩһڴȴҲû˿ϰ
ϾҲˣҲҪԷǣ
Ϊֵĵܴʦûв뵽У飬Ȼ±ߵĺȥ졣
ܴʦֻǹĴӴ߳еļͷʾ⣬Ȼ뿪˴Լľҷȥ
ʱ򣬵ܴʦҪһСɳ֣ǰȥܴʦ̴ϴõˮ֮Ҫܴʦ˯ȥ׼ȫǡ
ܴʦȴûСɳͬһ߻ԼڵľԺӡ
ոԺУԺ˿ϷĹһߵԺеһʯǰǹǷǬɱֵܣˣ
ʯǰʯϾǲ֪ʱѾһߵĺˣ
ŵܴʦ񣬺̹Ȼ֮ŵվֱӣڵܣ֪
Ȼɳƣȴһľֱ˵ܵĶ䣬õֻо·ڶ԰㣬ķΣ
Ԫ˾׵ãõͷԭĻɼ˼֣ɵٴι뽫ʾ£ȷʵ֪
㲻֪ģٺ٣˵ɱһһ̷裬ЩҲԭΪⶼǿ֮ʣһ뾹ǹȻˡܣܺãܺð
ɭȻЦ
ļһֻһɺֱţ˫ϥһʱͨһ˺˵ǰ
ˡܾκи֮⣬ܡĲ֪
ȫԷԵķӦܵܶ˽ȻЩĻɣǿź˷ŭܵıܷӦȴǸϽġ
Ϊ֯еĽǡһϲŭ޳ƵģҪǲСŭĳһλǵɱˣҲû˵ȥ
Ĳ֪㣬ϣǰȥѧԺɱһְʦѵɷȥ𣿡
˺һʵ
ŵĵ΢΢һȻ֪ڷ˶ִɱרҪ˶ṩĳ쳣Ϊ˱֤񲻳⣬רѡ򾩶ĺɱУʵǿһɱ֡
Ϊɱ֣ȻҲҪһЩϵĶһ֮ϵҪɱ䣬Ǹ֮һ
ֻõǣҹõϢǣȻʧˣ
ܳԾִĹУʧҲǳе飬Եŵ⼸ķͷȥԳ֣˽ᡣ
ȴû뵽һѡȻһ
ɷȥġѵĿ꣬йϵ
ͷ׷ϵȴСʵ
ȻйϵҪɱǸѧԺʦҵĵӣ



414 Ծ
һʵͬСɣܶʱ̧ͷ˶ŵĺˣһʱ丣顢Ȼ˹
ִ֯һɱδ鱨С
ķҪаɱһʹĳ鱨ĹȻܺ
ΪڴǬڵɱ֣ȻԼƿص鱨ߣһ鱨ߣлɽƿص鱨ߣȫС޽ϵ
Ҫ˵ʲôֱĻлɽƿص鱨磬ȫ桢ȴҲ顣
ƿص鱨ߣȴרҵҲĿԡ
ڽȡ֮ĵһʱ䣬ܱ㰲ֶķϸĵ飬ʱ鵽ЩݻõΪԾ
ѧԺʷʦҷֱҩԼУչֳþĻ᳤Ϊ˵ĲŻ
и˶Եһ㣬ķڽѧԺĴʱʵͣھƷߣûͻƳΪʦɽô̵ʱȥķȻڣչֳ˲ͬƷʦľ磡
һַ˼ľٶȣ
ǵǬʦΪϣͻƷ˼ޣΪʥͽİ޼ɣٶȣ֮ҲԶԶ簡
ڵõЩϢĻ֮󣬵ܳԾԾȴҲûж룬ֻǶЩϧϧһǧľţûȵĳɳҪڰɱ֮¡
ûԵ޹ʵĺޣҲûԵ޹ʵİȻûԵ޹ʵš
֮ǰʱûȥ룬ڡź˵ķĵ£ȴǺȻ˹
ѹķܹôʱ򣬱ӵ֮ŵĳɾͣ
ѹ鱨綼ûеķı󾿾վʲôˣ
֯ĳһλĹŵӣǾȫ˵ͨˣ
Ϊκһ֯Ľһȫţ
ڵܿҲȷʵֻ֯Ľ̵ܹĳķˣ
Ҳֻ֯Ľܹе鱨ߣ˿˿
ԽԽǸоԼ࣬ͬʱҲнͲͨȫͷûκεǣں˵̬ȣһʱøӹ˳
뽫ȫ֪ķȻǽĵӣ֪ܵ¶ܵϢôǽܼӣҲԲҽ񰡡
ֱڵϣޱȿɬ˵
Ȼͨ鵽ô£ҲͲԼԩˡ
֯ڵĽٻѡȡĹŵӣһнѡǱ֤ѡеĹŵӣŻ޵ǽ˶Ϊ֮̾ĳ̶ȡ
ĹŵӣĻ϶ҪԺ̳λ֯ӵеĵλȨ޵ġ
ԼȴȻȥɱһĹŵӣȲ֪飬֯ЩŹֵĽ˵ҲѾǿɱ֮Ĵˡ
ֻĴɱҺʧˣһӦû·
ҪĴɱĳɹˡ
һ뵽״Ŀܺڵϵĵܱ̲סһ¡
Ϊһ䲻֪εԼ𣿱û鱨磬ڽȡûȥǸķĲ趼ˣӦÿ⣡㲻ܵĳķı󾿾˭ѵͰ׳յΪһƾճֵȫţǴʯͷĳ𣡵鲻ʦ˭ѵ֤𣡡
ŭǳţȴѾ𣬶ں˵ܣԪȻۣں˵γһƮӰ
Ӱһѳȫںɫڸ֮¡
ԭŵĵֻûһ󷢺ʶ̧ͷȥȻ㿴һĻ
˲ͫ׾Ȼͣ˰ģԭɫֻɲǵĹ򣬱һƬҰף
Ӱ
ȻԪӰʲôЦ
ܹԪˣĸԶѾﵽĳּޣ
Ȼ֪ܲ֯ھжλڽ֮ǰҲûмκһλϾ֯ʮɱ֮һ
ԵܹܺԪ۳Ӱ󣬻γһԪѹˣЩ֮УҲֻ˲
Ϣŭǵܲ죬¹⡣ܾþӾЩЩɴ뽫𷣣
ſӰܺһ˿ҲʧڲĴңڳһϹϾ̬ȡ
ߣøлǸûõɱ֣֮ɱһʦȻʧ֡й֯ˣ
˵
̳ĵӣȻͬ죬ֻʦҲЩ׶Ըġ
ܸæƨ
ǵȻҲ˭̳ģȻûɴ÷ȴҲܲȡյĶ˻ȥ˭ҪɱҵͽܣҲȥܡ֯֯ĹأԽֵɱ֣Զһۣ𣿡
˻䣬ܱٴοͷڵأԥ˵ܶл꣡
ˣԺ۾һ㣡㣡򡭡ߺߣ
仰ǰ벿֣ܻɺ벿֣ȴѾƮȻԶһ㡣
оԺƺֻʣԼ͵͵̧ͷǺ˹Ȼʧܶʱ˿޲ŵȻһɣɲǼһɮ±㱻亹͸
æӵܲ˲ϵĺ̲סпǽԪĿƾȻﵽ˾׵ĳ̶ȡӰһһμ
ҡҡͷֻ˫ȻЩůһȻѾҪģȴоһ͸ǵĺ⡣
УԸ£ҵھȥףýӣǾǰٿĪˡ
뵽ܼҴҵĳԺӡ
ʱڶµԺǽ֮⣬ǺϢĴӰ䵽˵ϣͬʱժȥϴŵߣ¶ޱס
ķ


415 ȡ
ʲôְµȡˣһȥĶҲ˻Ϊʲô
ʼѧԺѧסڣǬͨ鷿￴ڸܡ
ȴȻһȫԤ֮Ϣϡ
վԼǰʹӣǬǲԼĶˡ
ǰϵĸѻɽ׾ԽԽԽԽĳ֮سʼͶ뵽֮£ÿҪǬȥЭĹϵǳӣҪҲǼࡣ
ϸ˵ڵǰδݱ֮ǰǱı󵳣Ƿǳɻģڵ״ĳʵǵǰǬ£ԱʹЩ˼ĳͬǬݹʱΪĿŵ͵͵ġ
ôȻУȴҲ
Ǭÿ춼ҪڹϵĴϺķѴʱ䣬Ϊصһ
ͬһϵˣ֮һµģҲܱ˴֮ȫ
ǬΪԼһϵ䣬ȻҪܵĴЭ
飬ǳֺõġ
ķЩȴɲܲеʱǬԼо꣬ȴֻܿԼǿȥ͡
ΪǰӣԶ𣬸οֻ֮ˡ
ǬεȥͣҲվֻǲϵۣǷй
ֻ۾֮ͬǰĳֳһ֮ԵðֻΪûгһĵȴζŭѾʧ
ֺȻȡ˶ķİɱȻԳΪһĵ
£Ҳ֪ԭ򡭡֯ȡ񣬲ҽǵĶ˻⣬ûиκĽͣȻ׷ʣҲ֪֯Ͳҷ
վǬݶʹͷҲ̧˵ȴԽԽС
쵰ʧһ𣡺ǰҲʧܵ𣡺ֶʧܵĴѵӦǼǲǿɱֱ֣ΪֹΪʲôҪȡ񣡣
Ǭ˫ĻϣŭϰڷŵЩ鱾ѾͷʹѵĴ۸УʱֺȻһûκ׼Ϣ׵ı˳
Űıǰ㱨ʹӶʱ˵ϡ
¡ҡĲֵ֪ʲôûΨһܹоģǺǸ˶ҷǳ䵭Щӡ
ʹЩ޳
ʵǾԼ̫ԩƫƫʢŭǬݣȴֻܾܵĽͣ˿Ұԩϡ
֪ŭµǬݣ᲻ַŭйϡ
ӣֲǺųֻҪǮ˲ɱǸǮȥģǾȻң
Ǭһߺţһ͵ĻӶ첲ϰڷŵЩȫ˵ϡ
֮ҵţŹڵϵʹӴȥûõĶ
ʹӵȻҼǬݵĺʹɴգæӡ
ǬǵԼΪŭһƬͨ˫ۣ˼ӵĴ֮ǿѹסͷǱŰ
˫»ָǬȴǲòʼ˼֯ķӦζʲô
ų˲ɱĺ֯ڽȡ˹ķ֮󣬽ֻʧһΣֱӽȡ
δŵ飬һ֮УһЩ֪ıʡ
Ҫúõ˼ⱳ󾿾ĿܣʹĴȴǬݺļо
ô
ǻָǬԼλҲȥʰЩһص飬Ǳ۾Ȼʵ
һӰƾոǬݵȻǸˣЦȴ˿Ϊḡ
֪֯ûгֹ飬ĳǲġ
ҧһβͲݣ˵
ʲô˼
Ǭüͷ
ܼ򵥣֯κˣԲŸ˵˲ɱ仰ͻȻѾȡȻűԭ򣬶ԭӦڲ
˽ҧŵĹβͲһµٺһЦ˵ķչֳȫʵ𾪣ǰֻ꣬òŻȥͣ˵ͨġʵɣֻǲȷ֯ķӦǿ֤ҵĻû⡣
ƨţϲŪԸʵѹֺֻ𣡡
Ǭ˫ۣǲĺǳһ䡣
ɫһ䣬ָֻܿ
Ҳټθڣֱӿڵûв´ĻķӦ֯ĳλĹŵӡֻݣܽǰЩ飬Ĵ

Ǭüͷ壬̽ʵȥɱǸķأ
ʲôЦҿɻûأҪǵһҾӵĺǣҲɣ
һβһı飬Ǿֵؽе
֪ˡ°ɣٺú롣
Ǭҧҧһʱ顣


416 
ǬڴͬʱķҲѾصѧԺķ
ҶȻ˶ټԼ֮У򵥵ĽԼɱִɱ˵£Ҹ߼ˣںֵѾԺҲںֵĺɱһóҶȻ֮ļ˶ǳԾ
ķʦôģû˵֯ʲô˻òֻҪǽȡ񣬾һҪɲŶԣΪʲôΪʲôλ
ԬһһէӣǺһ㡣
˵Ҳϰ٬Ը
ô⡣
ķһۣûκҪش˼ֱŤͷǬԶ⼸ú׼£㲻ټˣֱӹվ̨ǰʼվڰȻҲкôࡣʱҪ˷֣ԭڲյģǬһˣ
ʱ׼ǬӦѾţӶֵɱɱҡֶַΣӦһռƵȷڻҪһ㣬Ǭݳ׵ĶԼռŵƲɡȫĵƶѹ˽ƫϣҲǿһٵ춨ʤֵʱˣ
ף¾Ҳû뵽ô̵ʱ䣬ҺͶ֮ͻᷢ˾޴ı仯鷢չزǸʣҲ֧ҺͶȥġ
ǬԶصص˵ͷ
мҪȷһ¡λףǬ̬֮ȣģҲΪʲôҪǬռƵ£ְݣѧԺѧĿĵʲô
ǬԶ̨ͬǰķſʵ
ǬԶĬ£ſڵʵӦһֱҸȻһ۲ŴԵˣһǣԼŮҲܻᱻһЩɱΡҸ׿̳дȻȻ飬Ĵ󿼣Ҳ߸̣ǿʿǰʼܶĴڡ
ҡҲ磬ΪǹŮעֻܳΪһ֮Ҳ磬вмܼ̳д󱦡ĸ磬Ѿڶ硣֮УΨһģпܶԶвġв֮ǰС֮СԶԸȴԸκεķաԸʰѧԺϣѧԺҡԱڶϻλ󣬲ڶҰ¶֡
ǬԶ˵̾˿
˭ҪеʱƱػܵһЩӰġ
ķȴǬԶ˵İסһõϢ
˼ǡ㸸װݣѧԺѧΪ˱֤İȫҲ˵㸸׺ܿǰ֪ѧԺԺѧԺվһߣ
ǬԶ΢΢һͷЩɵ˵Ҳ֪ʲûиϸ˵ҲѧԺ̬ȡȻΪֻҪѧԺȫûĻôӦйİˡ
ã֪ˣ͵ɣҪ˵ľ飬⼸ʱú׼һ£Զվ̨ǰĵһڣһҪ죬ǬǱ߳׵뵽֮СԬ̣ǱӦҲṩһЩɣ
ķ˵ͷȻ뵽Ԭֵݡ
Ȼķһֱûüȥ鱱Ԭҵ׺ʹǬԨԴȻ֮ǰ֮ˣƺ˽⣬ҲпԽĵط
Ȼٺ٣Ҿ֪϶Ҫعݵһ죬ǰ͹ԶˣֻҪȷʱ䣬ҾͼϵĲ˵ֻ˵ԬڴǬӰǿȫܱȵġ
Ԭһ˵
ķźЩ֮󣬱㽫ȫϳ˷䣬ֻҶȻ
Ԭ̼뿪ʱ򣬿ķĿⶼ
֯Ǳߡȷʵʲô𣿡
ķ¹˷ţҶȻſʵ
ֵ֯ڲṹȽ⣬ԲκġҲøԽźֺȻ飬ĸǬѹһжеķǳ˳ֻչǬԼˡ
ķһ˵ţһϥҶȻԡ
ȻܱѡΪ̳ˣǸǬȻǴԵȦףĻм𣿡
ҶȻʾ˻ɡ
һмƣһǴ޴޹أԵĽǶԳʼʼһ˳ûʧܺʹۣôԼܹôʶһ㣬ʱ򣬳ܵһԶԼҪöࡣ
ķǳ϶˵
ҶȻͬϥķȥ
ǬݻΪŭͷԣȥѣһԵ׼ҪԼˣѵ˵Ȱ˵𣿡
ΪʼԵı׼ҪԼԶԼäĿšǶţǶԼжϵšɣЩû˼Ķˣʼǵˮ齻ڰɣҶȲˡ
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ֻǺһҹѣ˵ô
ҶȻûĻһ䣬Ҳ˫֣ķ˫һ
˵ͬʱԪΣγһԲΡ
һԭʼſڴϵĻҲǺȻȦ֮С


417 ׼
ܾ֯һкķйصϢԷǳȴַǳУķʽѸٵϲ㽨
ȻǬ©Ŀڷ磬Ǹ𾩶ĺֳԱݵܵҪԸһϢ
֪ܲǺķ磬Ҳ֪Ϊ˲κķǰѪ˶ٵ׼
ڵܿȻԼ߲ЩɱĽ²ûгӵҲȥֲܵ
ǴӵȥǣǴӸȥǣˡ
ԹǬڵĺɱǲȡκͬķйص񣬱õķʽ
ܵȻһϢ֮󣬽ֱӵģķȥ
ҪľЧ˭֮䡭Լأ
ܽ˽һܿ֯ĽڵܿޱȻġ
ȻڵĸȴеƣǷУǻа취ȥܵĵ
ɼȻǷں֮УΨһģֻв²ˡ
һʱ䣬ķݵĲ²ٴϳ
ȻԶԶ֮ǰ壬նеһ²ھƺƴ󣬵һεĲ²ȴȻĲθߡ
𺳺壬ҲԶ֮ǰǿң
ԭķĹ⻷Ѿ㹻ҫۣʱټϺôһǰЩͷת
ҩԼĻ᳤˼ȵ𾪣οˡ
ѸٵٴγΪ۽ķȴûᣬǿƽ뵽ĶȦ֮С
ǵûˣ쳣͵ĶѧԺ˴ŲŲСұһ
ÿҪ꼶ѧȥ⣬ķʱȫķУû֪ڸЩʲô
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޷жķͺ֮֯䵽Ǹʲôϵ֮ǰû˸ðŵȺҹߵķգȥ顣
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ΪܹǬԶʽ̤̳ĵһ㹻㹻ǬݴȥӦеӰвķЩһֱڽŵϵıС
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֮⣬ÿķҪͬҶȻйڵ
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ȻæµҲæµĺôҶȻ֮еԪЩʱЧ
ҶȻͻʦĽޣΪһһƷڣķͬҲﵽһƷڵľ磡
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ķȫһ˳µۼˡ
֮⣬ʱԬ̡ĪԼǬԶҲв̶ͬȵ
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ĪͻƴﵽƷʦľ磬ԬٴһƷΪ˰ƷʦҲǬԶҶȻһĵ
ǬԶ˾Ʒʦ۷壬ʱпܴﵽڵľ磡
ټѾΪڵҶȻķСĳԱǣһּߵٶȣͬ˦󣬲ԽԽԶ
˾ٶȣĳķ룬ȻѧԺʦѧǵע⡣
Ҳ˶ĵԡ
Է˵ٶǷǳ֮ѧԺЩȫ֮ʧĸɸɾ
˼ٶȣɲɱĴѧԺЩҪ֪ЩϢ֪
ʱķϥԼҵĴϣһָֻſԵĻһֻһֽ
лɽģȽõ鱨Ϣ
ЩʱķһֱڸлɽṩЩ鱨صİš
лɽ鱨֧ţܶ鶼üࡣ
پƶ
ֽ¼һϢķϸ˹Źֵı顣


418 
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Խ࣬ȻҲԽ࣬иҵ廨ŵı㶼Ӧ˶
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ԽǼҵĵطȻָľֶҲԽǲ
СǾĻ¥ڡԪǵĺźˣеĹǹЩҲЩ
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ˣСǺ͡ԪԼԲƵľ¥
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ɴ˿⡰СĹǣڡա֮һϵ辿жߡ
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ټСұٵˣھڶЩЩģЩһʮʮ٣ûüʱ䣬㽫λƵһĸ߶֮ϡ
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СҲ𣬵ÿ켴ʱϣ¥ҲܻôλҲܻôǴϾ״̬֮С
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ү֮ǰҺлɽǱȷһ£лɽϰԵռ⡮СƶȷʵǵλҡȻڡСֵʱ䲻Ѿҵר˻ô磬Ҳ֮С
ѪǷǷָָΧЩӵ˵˵Ϊ˱ûеطе˼ǰˣһıܵСŶӡֻΪܹһʱ乺λõƱ
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ķҡҡͷε˵
ѪӸæӦһǰͬվڴǰר볡ȯġС̴˵䣬ȻóƱ˼ŵ˹ȥ̴ִӵӹӣ»صķԣһӵݸķ
һŵλѾˣڶŵλҲֻʣҾͶˣе󡣡
Ѫڨڨ˵
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ķӣǰ棬ˡСĴţȤʵ
һǧ۸ֱð亹⻹ǵڶŵļ۸񣬵һŵļ۸ÿһλҪǧֻΪһϵѣЩ˾Ȼûӡ
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ûķѪӵƨȣһ󸹱˱һŭһС̴ӣ嵽ķѪӵλԡ


419 λ
Լ˵´ãҾͺǡСû꣡
Ǵ󸹱СһĽС̴һѰķѪӵԣŭغ
˵ԣһȻɫˡ
Ѫ⼸˽ӽʱ򣬱Ѿһվķԣ
̴ǷڡС⣬볡ȯ̴ӡ
ķЩֵؿǴ󸹱һ̴ۣӽͰ͵ĽͣһĹ׹
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ŸոհλѪԼķԤλõ˱ˡСĴ⡣
ոյִС˻Ƿǳ˵ģߵ̴ӵǰ̴ҪԼԤλʱȴȻ֪ӾȻѾ̴ˡ
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ȻûվǴ󸹱˱ǲͷؿڵ˰ɣϽӿλҲģ
˾Ȼڲѷķ΢΢üҪĶҲֱӶסʩʩȻһƨãλͷȫʧ
ǾΪһˣ˵˵ԸϲƣӦ˼˼С
Ȼ˱ʣȻĵõҲͲʲô⣬ͺĹȥҲˡ
ƫƫ֮ҪԤλãΪȡһ˵ΪĿˣԼĹϵҲûС
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Ŀ⣬ƱػܵӰ졣
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ں˵أûλԤõģ̸óҾҪǲˣ
ķ˼һߺţһ߾ҪȥץѪӵ·
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һŵЩ㱻ߵֻЩȫһϷı飬ûκҪ˼
Ϊվȶһƨգļ˸ֱӷЦ
Ц˵ĶȻ˸оԼܵĪ裬ɻûӵǸͬʼȻ֮ɫ˾صĺһֱһתǳšСȥ
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422 ǷƶҪҵ
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424 
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425 Χ
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ķûѯǸŮװĹﵽʲôݣεǿټϡСϰǱϹϾӣѾ㹻˵ˡ
лɽṩЩϢУڡСıϸĽܡ
λĴУǬڣžصĵλ˵ǴǬĴ֮һһ㶼Ϊ
λŮװĹȻλĴеĹϵλûʲôϵĻͿ϶ǹڵĹˡ
˾ͻңķ벻Ǭڣһܹݳ޵εǿġ
ԷĄ֮̊́ڣķźۼıλŮװĹ˼Ϊ̵ӡΪıŮװĹﳣȥѧԺ߶
ֻҪ˴˽ӴĴˣôȻụ֮ԽԽ˽⡣
ֽӴͷ࣬ķҲûʲô˼Եİá
Ȼûôֻ֪Ҫǣ飬оͱȻΣաвǷǣҰﲻʲôֻԼСġ
ƶЦЦ˵
һ˴ʱѾ߳ˡСĺţƶר˵ǴɹЩǰǱů˼ȻѾƷζⱾӦϵôȻҪһ˼е
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ѪӼ򵥵Ļش
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ȻѾźˣǾɣʱ䲻ˣȥϢ
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ķЩˣЩʵ̫רҵϵܳˣȻĻճ·
ߣСӣҺ¾һ˵㻰Ȼ˵˲㿴̫ͱ밲ȵĹϣ֪֪ΪԵʣʧ˶ӣ⽴ʵͷ֮ޣ
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426 ˮ
ʮ޶ЩԭֻһȺں֮ڣƽʱһЩǮơֵ顣
ھڸʰǣȻҲ̸νϺнֹ˴֮䣬ĬǶҲޡ
һܻŭһЩ㶵վԭأһȴǸûᣬֱӳ˹ȥ
󵨣
ǸЩܻ
ڿԼѾסֺ󣬾ȻԾ˸ҷ𹥻˶ʱŭЩ˲оһȻƥԪѹͻأĳ֣
ţԪ۶ɵĻƾմӲԶϮ
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ʦΪ˱鷳ͳһȥʦ屾ֻҪǮͺˡȻ˶໨ӣȴԽʡڸɵйĶʦ˵ʵǷǳ

ķ׹ȤĽʵô˵ҩʦͷʦҲƵרӪ˰ɣ
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Ц𼶱ǿ߰
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ķȴȻȻԻκζ춯һʱ˵Ĺע
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¾ԼʵԩȻֻǸͨ˵ԵʣڲûиܵôصϢѹγǷ·Ҫ˶ɵɫ¾ɱŵɴ
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λ᳤⡭ĲܹҰǲϿž뾩һǲܹӦǵĺôɹϵĳɱѹɣҽҪǲСүĵģȴΪǸСӣСүȥӲĻˣԡҲŻ˵ļߡ
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λ᳤ɫѾˣҾȴ˻ѧУˣ⺫¾飬һһȥܲʱپδôʱ仹һֱûʱȥһܲҪܲĶʦǣһЩСɲǡ
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γԥĴӦȻЩǵľУٴδ֮ǰԪ̼佫ʣЩޣȫڳ˿


428 Ĭ
˵ķûкγģֻ˵һǰʦܲʱٴ顣
ѧԺ
ƶŮԼ趼ס֮ķ㷢֣׷ӣѾ׵סˡ
ܶŵİô˴ס飬ûзκҲûбֳκβȻǽ׷ӵʹȨȫ
ķԼȻоЩա
ô˵İΣȷʵΪж
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ƶ֮Ѫӽӵ˵УȻصķԣʵ
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ķ˸һ˳¥ݳ¥ȥһ߽˵Ҫ׵һ˷㣬⿿ʩԶûõģʵʱҲҪչֳԼԴһʱͬˡ֮ǰ̸ҩʦһЩýӵ飬θ̳ʩ
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429 Ҫ̸ǴѪʽ
һﶼúԭģôһľܹҪӰλϢǿɾʵˡ
ķЦǺǵͬǼʮʦдͷγ˵
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֮ǰû뵽ķȻԸ⽫󶥼óڸˣ
ķ˵仰ΪϲĪķγ
Ϊγ֪ķĶáѪʽ
ġķ㡭ûЦɡ
γԼɤЩɣԼһʱˣͻȻûûʧ˵ĻҲһͰ͵ӡ
ʲôÿЦģֻǡѪʽ޶ʽҲǿԽ̸ǵģ͡Ѫʽͬ޶ʽϸ΢ƿҪ̫ߣ䲻ȥѧĻָҲϲѧᡣҪѧϰ޶ʽҪ׼
ķ϶Ĵγ˲䱻G㣬˾ͬһƷŮζʱʴһ㣬ͷţˬֱ裡
Ÿʲôȥ׼Ժ㶫ĹĻ᳤ҪõĻΨʣ
΢㶺γʱŤͷԺӽǼȺԵ̴Ӵ


430 ֲľ
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ֻһĹ򣬼̴ӱӿⷿ˼ռԺ֮һĶ
̨ԺӵеģЩõĿҲѾ׼ãЩĶǸָߣԼһЩȽСϡеĲϡ
ķҲѾü̴׼ʱ䣬ϤԺӵеĶ̨Ͷ촸
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΢ֻ֪㹻ʵĻܹ֧ŵס㹻ĸ߶ȡ
֪顣
Ե̴ӽеĶ׼ãķҲϤ˶̨Щ֮һھӢĶʦǣԴķ̬ѾһٰʮȵĴת䡣
ʼĻɺӣ⼫̵ʱѾıϹϾ
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һʱ䣬ÿһ˶ڽķҪ飬Ƶ˷ܺڴ
ϸѪʽƷʵʵִôˡܹ֮󶥼͡޶ʽǧʽƣҪѪ֡
ķվ˶̨ǰŶ촸ƾջº󣬿˵
ʮʦΧķȦķΧмλϣ˫һգգضķͬʱޱרעš
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֪ʹáѪʽϷǳŨѪɷɷŨһʹԪ߶ڵɷȫͷųٵ֮һ̶ϵӰ쵽ֵЩľҵģɷӰѹ£һսӣ֪ľͻۿۣǡѪʽмֵĵط
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ڳĶʦǲûп˵Щʲôֻı仯жϵĳЩʦ˵ķܹǵĺôȣԼ¾ʵƨ顣
ǼõҶΪķ˵ЩоĶѣοˡ
һǰᣬǱһ壡ûԸڸ֮ӭȴǱѣҲʲôʥˣ˴ѧ˶֮Ըҡԣλ⡣
ķϢŭ۵˲ѾҶ㻹ǺͬġֻԼȷʵУչǼӴʲôУҪţľ󲿷ˣǷǳġ
ķ˵γĬĴԲ
ټγһװȰ˵ķһ߳ʦüŪ۵ģʱĶʦǱ׷׿ڱġ
ķγһ˳һ˳ģȻЧΪĶʦѾȫķȥǣǼõһɫӡ
ΪõѾʧȥķġƺûκκôͬʱҲԼ档
ǾôˡҲ̫ûЩ
һл뵥Ļ᳤˵ɢ˰ɣѧЩҲҪҸطĺú˼һ£ִºͺ¾һȥһ˾򣬴ҾͲùˡ
γ֣ǻ˾š
ЩʦõļңγľȻʲô׷뿪Ժӡ


436 ô
ʵû뵽Ȼ˺ԭĴӦǽź¾飬ڲȶõİ취Ȼֱӽ֮ڡԵһкɱõʱ֪ҵʱ𣿼ֱǼ˹һ
еĶʦȫȥγķլӺϵıſһεؿķ˵
ʵڽ֮ǰγ֪ķѾӵڵľ磬Ȼô룬Ҳ뵽ķᱧŵɱ˵ͷ
ķ֮ǰһɲǣγûĿܡ
Ͼһ
ʦóսľȴʵʵģ˭Ҳ뵽һʵܹһһƷֱɱ
ռ˳䲻ıˣҲʵǹھЩ
Ҫǡòɱ
ǿױɱˣγô֣ܲڶʦԳһϵ
ҼҪãҲòķ飬ԼֻǶĻ󣬲ֱӳ档
Ҳϰº󻼣ˣѾϰָʹֻǰ壬ָҪٶӡڼȻܹԳһϵ㶼γвѾ֤֮ڵӰҪ׵۷һϵõİ취ɱ
ķŲߵһǰ£˵飬ԽǷſȥԽסһֱηηβƽ¶ˡ
˵еҲ̫Щҵĸ᳤˰ǲֻ֪һͨĶʦôôĻȨʵΪÿǾĴ֮һҵˣڣõĵλĸߣô֮ڣôưոݣ
γһüչķĶ棬ǿɬ˵Լɵĵط
ҵȻ֪ҵˣһ֪ҺļһѾȷվǬݵһߣô˺֣
ԴлɽǱ߿ʼṩ鱨ķ֮ڸϵƿأͱľȷ
ɴ˶ľȻҲԽֱӡ
ķЦһȴǰڳһȵı飺ҵˣ
ǰҵѴˣֻǸͨûиĶʦҪֵģôš
γû˵
λ᳤ҲǺףҼǵûĻĴеңѾȷվǬһߣУͰң֮һΪľʲôҲȻˣΪʲôҪº͵ֶȥԸãһԼֱӳ棿˫ȷĵжôνĻ壬ʲô˼
ķһɻĳγһȴʵγɫ΢΢һ졣
ȿȡⲻһֱûڳұϾĻ᳤Ҫմ֣ԳĻһãпܴ޷صĺ
γ͵ͬʱĿȴЩֱӺķӡ
λ᳤֪಩ĵʱʲôױ𣿡
ķȻ˵
γ΢΢һ㶣ʶʵʲôˣ
ȻЩβˡҡڲˡ˴˽л֮ᣬô˴֮˼£ʺб־룬ıȡ档֮䣬öֲһһˣѡ񣿡
ķ۾΢Цż˵ȻûҵȻҪһвȶȫҪôѣҪôǵˣеֿܣҪֿܣôΨһĽΪ˱ԼɿصϽ֮ɱ
γһ飬ɫЩǿڨЦȻģʦΪ֮һһѾн˵ľ棬Ȼ᲻İµϻλһپ١һһ׵ġ
Ǿͺãλ᳤ҪҶ໰ʵЩ飬ԣһԼ˼Ļ׾ͻˣʱҪиȽѡʲôʹ߿飬ʵˣ˵أ
ǺǣĻ᳤˵ǡ
γЦ˵
Ѿ˹ʶôõҪ鷳λ᳤ȥˡȻĴ֮һվܸʵȣ˺пܴĺǲԸܣҲ̬ͬܲһҪǿӲô˵Խʹ죬ȻǾԽˣ˵ǰɣ
ȻģǱߣһǱֳĬġ
Ǿͷλ᳤ˣһıæЩ飬ҲЩˣȻˡ
á㣡


437 ¾㱸
Ӷʦܲڳķûȥй䣬ǴѪֱѧԺ֮ڡ
ڶʦܲںȻɱˣķҪˡ
û⺫¾飬⼸ʱķҲԼȥһƵ¶ˣĿġ
Ժ¾¼ĳ֣ķʵǸ˯ͷһ
Դлɽ鱨ṩķԽĸоˮ󲿷ֵʱ򣬾㲻һֱѧԺܹ׼ȷжϺͰš
ҿǰ֪Щԭ֪
õ飬ͨлɽṩЩ鱨ġ
Ļ᳤УҶһʵ뷨ģǿҺʵγ
һ㣬ķڵһۼγʱ򣬱һµжϣֻûеõлɽ鱨֧ǰķγЩ·
ĶķΪʲôĵطΪ죬γҡڲҲ
⣬ζķܹܣñֻˣܽγҳ׵ĸѡ
γЩѶϵӣҶȴǹϺĶࡣ
ҩʦڱûжʦôƣҶȻע裬ҪôעһעΪԼκ·
ڷʦ壬ڴޣҲõĻ⡣
ڽγ֮ڱ㲻κβȶˡ
һɵķѪӻѧԺȻٴιѧԺ֮ڵ
ȻʵķˣΪǬԶĵһι࣬Ľæµ׼
Ȼʦ岢ûκβȶļ󣬵ȥҩʦͶʦ壬ҽ̸ĺĳԱǣޱԼɺķȻܽʦ嵥©ȥ
ڽʱķȥһ˷ʦܲͬټ˷ʦЩǸɷʦȻڸޱķ
ȻͬΪĵһ᳤ôȻҪܵƫС
ͬʱ֮ڣƺҲ뵽ƽС
ҲûΪõκιķӦҲúͺ¾ûнκεĺ顣
Ĺ̶ûнУ񲻾ٹٲžô˼ˡ
ķγôһ㣬ҲγЩʲô
飬ȹ̸Ҫ
úͺ¾пп޵顣
СıĪǡ
лɽ鱨֧£ķܹӰ쵽飬ҪǬԶıˡ
Ͼ׼Ķô֣ӵĻǽĻȻҲܵõ˵ͬ
һ㣬ķ˿ģȻǬԶЩƣӴ򲻳һƨΪһЩûʲô
ǬԶĳƲΪľګ෴ǬԶΪҲǷǳ͸
ĬֻһԸϵұӶ¿ʼǬݵӰ֮УǬԶȻԼһЩǻۡ
Ÿ׼ȫ׼ȫķٴܵİ칫ڡ
ѧԺУķ˰칫ңĶ£Ҳû˿Ҫ̧ͷ˼
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Ժˣǵ͵ӣҵЦΪ˱Լºͣϣκڼҵĵһʱо۵ܶϣȫ֮Ϊ
ķЦе˵
ߣͻȻܹңΪʲô
ܺһȻͲķĺ˵˵
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ܽһļӵһߣαϣһҾ֪˵ı鿴ķȴûнӻ
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΢΢üͷȻǺܸģģȷʵӮˡֻûԤϵ㾹Ȼͺ֯ôԨԴ
ȻҲˣķȴûκҪ͵˼ֻ΢Ц˵ΣվӮˡҽΪμԶɺ¥ھٰ硣
ҿԲȥ𣿡
ܵɫЩˬ
ȥ벻ȥɣֻǰ֪ͨһϣжԼѡȻȥҲûκΰ취
ˣ֪ˣǰɣһ׼ʱȥġϽɣҾ˵Цݾͷ
Щػ˻֡
ķЦǺǵĴӦһ뿪˰칫ҡ
ķ뿪ͬʱǷı֮ʧֻЩʧؿŰ칫ҵĴţ֪﾿Щʲô


438 ֻǷ
ƽӵľڣڳһըԵϢ
ϢûڹƽײκβΪλûдﵽһεͨգͲ֪Ϣ
Ƕڲ֮ϵ˵ϢӰ죬;Բһξ޴ĵˡ
Զ˵ġ
ĳһ֮ϣͬûκܡ
ڴǬ֮УȻҲײ㡣
ռǬˣͬʱҲū
κȨĽԼȨڸֹкͳһȻΪͳνײȵǷġ
˵컨׹ε̫ƽҲԲܴڵΪ˱ͳνײͳν׼
Զͳνײ˵һƽȰıͳνײĻԼһǡǿЭͳνײڲǿ쵼ߣʼĵҪ㡣
ǬʮĻۣѾ˼ʢ̬ƣʮУƴһһĹûκεڶܹʹǬȣ
´Ǭ߹ǿƣ߹һΪĬЭͬ״̬Ա㹲ֵͬĿֲѹ
ˣԵеĻǬҲɿԼʼմڹƣ߹ǿ֧⣬ڴǬʢˣȴûʲôЧİ취ȥӦԺͽ
ڴǬͳνײ˵ֻҪ˱㶼ܹ뵽սһᵽ
ֻڣľ绹
һսԴǬ˶״̬ôսĿıԲֻķô򵥡
飬ʬ佫ԵֵЩĳҲԴ˳˿̬ȡ
Ϊµµ񣬱µ棡
û˻ԼǮ࣬ѾӵһҲӻĲƸ
һ㣬ݣ뷨ʵ˵ͳһ
ƫƫʱ򣬾ÿһ˶˾Ҫһʱ򣬼ǴǬʷǻۡǿƵĵȴȻ£
µͻȻѸײڶ˵˴ֲ
еʱǲòϣһΰĸܹΪ档
ͬԽͻ䣬ҲԽ׳ΪΪϰߵɵĺǣһ⣬ôԭǿƵ壬˲ͻһɢɳ
ǬͻȻ飬ǿĹĴ
ܴǬ״Ϊ߻ܣϸ޶һЩ˲֪ķΧ֮ڣǾ仰ĳһ֮ϣܱԶܡ
ԴǬѻϢֶߣӦ֪ģ϶Ѿ֪˸š
֮£Ϊ˱֤ͱͷ̫ܵӰ죬ͳνײ治˶ֺܵһµĺΪ˼
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ǬҲȻԶܺӢĸȣȴʤйоأĵʲô˵ΪȴٿԱ֤ӣͳνײ㶼Խܡ
˵ȻѾתôڲǰ£ƽȵȨӾͳõѡ
ȻⱾӦóκḶ́ȴͻȻ֮ð˹
ΪδǰֹصǬԶͻȻ֮Ҫɺ¥ھٰһϯףԼʮյĵ
ⳡ绹еĸۡڶܣ߾Ƕˣ
ϺڣȨƵ
λصӣӳʼһֱ֮У˶֮٣οǹˡ
ھЩڵȨһֱ֪ǬԶĴڣǬԶģȴȻһҲޡ
λӺǬλ飬Ȼķĳߵпʼ¶˶ߣҲʶ˻λ֮ҪʵڽҪٰⳡ֮ǰ˲ûĽǬԶǬݵĶ֡
ɺܼҲܳ֡
ڴ˿ǬԶԳΪ»ʵǻǰһλȴԲܶ»ʵĵǻ֮·κв
ĳ֣ȴһӴǱʶﱾ֪ܵ
ΪⳡľУζǬԶʽ뵽Եλ֮Уٲ֮ǰṈ̀ðģ
һܶ˱㲻ǰװͿ
룬ֻһԼ壬˽µľۻᣬ£˶֪ǬԶҪξۻᣬվ̨ǰ
ȥԽ࣬ԽأԽڸǬԶĵһγơ
ǻǲòȥ
ⲢǹԴġǻҵ棡


439 Ըɱ
λܣҪʼվ̨ǰˡ
Ǭһһ˵ţһָһǣŵǰĵ¯ϡ
̽ӴƻһǶʱȼ˻磬ܻ粻󣬵Ծɻᶨȼš
£Ĳȥ𣿡
һվǬݵ󣬿ʵ
ΪʲôҪȥҵʾ𣿡
ȼŵ̽õԼǰһƻ罫̽ıɺڻңǬ˵ȴЩŹ֡
ǵ¡뾿ΪʲôҶġΪߣ黳ȣȥĻⲻЩԵԴʴµĶǽѡȥµһε̨УܵĽµĹâȥڵ˵϶޺飡
¶ɫȰ˵
ϸоķ𣿡
Ż罫̽ȫʴɾǬ֣˫ĿЩ˵

û뵽Ǭݵ˼˵ĸԾԣºǷص£ķ鱨Ҷп⡭һ˲ˡĳֽǶ˵ʮסһѾʮꡣʵ޷һˣΪ¿ݾ˵ز
ȻϸоǾӦ֪Ȼķڵʱ䲢㳤ÿһ飬˵ı󶯣ûȫİգϲ׵¾֪ζʲô𣿡
Ǭ̧ͷӣûӻش𣬱ԹԵļ˵ζţķȻλվ̨ǰǱѾȫĴ㣬ҽȥˣҲܸǵסλܵķͷֻΪλܵģͷһѲ𡣡
⡭£ȻҲƳķʱֳǻۺ󣬵ƺҲûбҪ̫ɣ̫ߣпΪУһЩľô˵ǵռžԵƣǶʼηηβôЩǵ˵ҲγɲٸӰ졭
ôʣܵŲἤŭǬݵԼ뷨
Ǭݵôʱ䣬̫˽ǬڹĽԸ
Ȼһ²ֳһǬΪԼܵðôͻ鶼ö
ϸΪӱ㲻ΪǬܹĸױȼ磬ӽ
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һǬݵɫ˵ֻҪʼѡļңôķûκκͽĿܡļһֱļԣȻ֤ǿʢͷ٣ȴҲñҺͷ֧֮Ѻۣ֮ĵزԡ
ʼ֪ķ͵£һԥļңѡҵ¡ڡˡ
ǬݺҡҡͷЦһϻ˵ˣӢҸʣ¶ûǵľƣȻΪһ˵ĳ֣㷢췭ظı仯
£һǾãĿǰռžԵƣȻˣǾһҪչֳǿӲ̬Щǵˣ㹻ġ
˿ǬЩȻӣºǽ˵һֱΨһĴѡƣʵҲơΪǵʵϰȥⲿжеľֻǷڲ֮ϡһºճȻĲȣʱ˵Ĺǡ̬ȣ̶ܴϽӰ쵽˵İ£
˵ˣ֮ϣǾԲȥģ
ǬݺǼᶨҡͷĳ֯ǱǿĴڣȻķıкֵӰӣǾͱضԴÿһ顣ɴҲΪռƣֻҪǰӾעҵģһ㣬Ҫף
Ǭǲɵ֪ǬעѶ˵ʲôҲãֻĬĬ̾Ϣһٶԡ


440 ʱĿʼ
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ģϾһνԼչʾǰҲζ㽫ʽ뵽λ֮УһŵûУҲŻ֡
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ʱ罫Ҫʼʱ仹аʱң½½Ŀʼⶰɺ¥¥Ĵ֮⡣
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ǬԶЩûʧ˵
ǸӰ졣
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ǬԶıʱס
ԶҪ֪ʱ˶ôֵ׼£˶СλȣǴھ֮µġ
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ķߵ˱ͼĴǰŴֵȺ˵޷չֳԼгô˵ڸһŶ衣Ҳһܹ͸еĵܶʱھУܹ͸Ҳ޷֤Լʼմ侲ǵ״̬СΪ౾ǳ嶯
ҪģǾܵĸҶʩѹԼжϲɣԻٳǽ
ǬԶ̽ʵ
ûôλţаǰӡЩ˳˳ˮ㡣
ǣʦˣֻôһ˵ҵѹˡ
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ھݣӰ͵ϣͬҴŲСĲࡣ
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˵ִ֮Ķ¼ֵϳ֣С͵СֵҲǼȫ
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ʦ֪ˣһᾡܵãλ磬ǲ
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Ϊʲôҵһιĳ˵ǰѵᣬֱӽҶɱѿ֮ôһǳõġĻɣ
ǬԶֵʵ
֮Ըоţһ󲿷ԭȫǬݵϡ
ʱȻķ˿϶˵Ǭϲ鵹˲ࡣ
Ϊ£ءһǳԸˣԽԸˣԽԼжϡЩ˳˳ˮľԴֲκӰ죬Ѿϰ˶רС
һԼûвȴѾǱĬӰµķʽʱЩ飬ÿһԤ֮⣬£ĻһкٴγΪģǱòʧˡǳԼжϣԾȰ
ķĵǬԶоӰġ
Ҷ¿ʼλһֱǺبǰһɽСƺ᷸Ҳע˻εĵֳʱγɵĽڸٹ̵ȷʵɲСѹĲ룬Ҳ֮
ǬԶȭͷȻǺĳķЦЦʱˣȥɣ졭ʱĿʼ


441 
ʱɺ¥ڣѾۼھȨ
ܲʽ룬Ҫ̫ĹأһЩȴҪڱάֵġ
絽ʱ⣬λϵ͵ȻҪһλߵнʼʱ橶
Եǰɺ¥ڵģȫǽȨУλԽϵ͵ġ
ΪδʼЩ˱˴֮һźͷ绨ѩйص顣
ڲʽ룬ϯϲûϸĹ涨ЩȻǿԱ˴˻֮ϵõһ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ѾȷЩ˲òҲֻǽ֮һͨľϯȥԣҽһۣ˳㿴һλصӵǸʲôӡ
ȻˣҲͲʲô¡
ʦ˶Ѿ׼ˣ
վ֮⣬һרŵϢǬԶĵȵĿʵ
ʱǬԶѾû˶ľګӣϹһ˿޵ĵЦݣ˿źһԵķȡ
ķʱеļѵչֳĳɹͨ֫ϵϸ΢仯˽м򵥵ʾӶ˶һЩϲּĸйӡں֯ڣҲǼΪһѧʡ
ֻѧʵĸڶԼ仯оͰգ嵽֫ͱӦýı仯ȴûʲôѵĵط
ķûǰǬԶʲôֻ翪ʼ֮ǰʱǬԶһҪ
ǬԶֵĸȻԵ̫⡣
Ͼ˵ǬԶǱķҪСġ
İɣǬݽʧ󡣲ڽϺһۣܿͻ֣ᷢԺͬĻᶼСһ˵伫ޣûҹжϾͻƫò˶ãΪԼԸ𡣡
ķǬԶļ΢Ц˵
ǬԶص˵ͷȻڵʦ˵ڰ˰ǰһ𣿵ʱһСĹõһƷ״ﵽ˺Ľ׵Ŀռռڹһǿȡʮλ߾ĳǳأ
Ȼ˵ģλСĹҲһ۽ܣԻȡʮǳΪս㽫ٽǸǿȫ̵ԼǿΪ壬򣬳Ϊ˶ʷһλ˴һͳĵ
´ƣ־ñغϡϾñط֣άٶĹһΪľ棬һֱ񡣡
ķΪп˵
֯Ȼֲ򣬵żҲһЩɱǰִں֯ڲĵʷϵļأ൱ḻ
һķֶЩϢȤʵ˽ࡣ
ûĴϣռֶӹϡ֮䣬ΪӵĽϴһʱơԼȱڣԴĶҪöࡣ
ǬԶԹԵļ˵ȻƷ׵ĿռҲ޼֮򣬵ҲΪһĽ׵Ŀռٹ񡣿ڶֵܹסռջˣ㵱֮ˣǶڹ
ԵλСĹܹԥóռȡڹʮ߾۳ǣµ壬λСĹӵͳĸݵأͬʱҲĺǣʶλ׳־ˡ
ûλĹУ鲼ҪáսϵҪԲܺ;ȣк̽鱨ԼĵıϣȴǳɽƵľѼġ
ķЦĿǬԶѾǬԶ֮ҪͷĿġ
ǰʦ˵ʲôʵǹģǿľӣǿֲĸֻıµ׳־ģ
ǬԶ˿ȭͷĴ˴ԼأϸŵЦݣҾЩǣȻĿǰλۿɼʵռ˾ԵƣԿʵϣȴѾƣʦ˵ģսԼԸϡֻҪһ㣬ôһ֮ɣ
ǬԶڶı仯ķΪοЦЦȺţһƣڵô߰ɣȥӭӡδ


442 ˵
ɺ¥ӽ̸ǬԶȻֹ
ķûͬǬԶһǬԶһνԼ˵֮£ԲӦеڶˣȥЩƵĿ⡣
֮ǰûоƵ飬ĻʼҽԼķ֮ǰʱһѵȴǬԶЩĿע£Եú硣
΢΢Ŵ΢ЦףֻǸ򵥵Ķȴô˶ĸоǬԶ·ڶÿһ˵ıֳЦݡ
ǬԶŲӣĳŴͷһ΢΢͹̨ȥ
һ̬ôȷǬԶݣ
ֻμ棬ǬԶʵ˶һ൱̵ӡ
ֱʱķϢĴӴ˽˵ĿⶼǬԶϣԲûע⵽ķĴڡ
ǬԶѾߵǸ̨ϣݵתŴ߾ԼԼϣһ̹Ȼû˿ŵɫһڵȣƺӦһҽܡҽǬԶǸʵĵӣȻѾʮˣȴǵһκλ˵ʵҺܿġ
£
빧ļһͬʱǬԶǷϹ
ǬйݵڣԱǼۻʵʱ򣬶ҲֻҪҪеϥƽ϶ǾϹ㹻ˡ
ԻӵʱȻҲˡ
ǬԶ˫̧˵һλ񣬴˱ֱͦ壬ⲻô¡صҲǾˡ
λܹڰæ֮гǰμӱ룬ʮֻϲڴˣҪλʾԵĸл
ǬԶ˵ţŴٴǷǸæϹƲҡ
ֻ˽۵ĳϣڳʵ̫࣬˴˻֮䱾ΪеҲ
£ûԸϱץסѱʱ˽²һȻʲô⣬ȴչҲǼ¡
οǬԶԳƱ֮Ĺϵ˿Ҳġ
Ǭۻӣ˴Ӻ߻⣬Ӷڸոʱֱӱġ
߻֮ûбΪСĻδʱ㲻زۣûüͣѾ
ڴӣڱΪŮǵǬۻһƺĪĳ嶯һ򱻴ǬۻΪԼԻв۵֮һȻܶλӶôϲ
ȻҲʳӣβϲҲվԼĹ⣬ǬۻҲܶôǷλŮվǱ͵ȵλڴӣлΨһûбģȴҲͬлУΨһоȨġ
ȻʮȴѾһƿŴǬߴ߾֮һһ
ܹӳһ̿ʼܿλᣬĺ֮УΪûм̳лλĿܣԴСǵõ˼кǵϲ˵Ҳһˡ
ĻӣӵͯʵĸҸ
սɺ¥ĳλһأȻҪףԼաһֱ֮жɹĸ⣬ֻиţȻܰȴЩ壬ԽգҪ֡ڶأҲǽᣬλһ
ǬԶĿЩɢһˣĿ⣬ȴôÿһ˶ûбĸо
Ҳķ̵ļɣǬԶѧãʱôЩ˶ĪĺøС
λҲ֪ͼλ粻ͬλǰ㣬Ͳʱ㳣ڹߡڼλɣС㱻Ҫڹڣʱ̱Žиָѧϰ˵ʵСʱǺܲ⣬ҲܲˡϾС˭ϲĴֵӡȻ⻰Ҳλ˵˵λǧ浽ҸλˣҲϵá
ǬԶգգ۾һƬɣôȫʶķЦ
λμӣ˼͡
˭ûע⵽ǬԶѾȻȻĽĳƺĳˡҡʹ֮ľ룬ڳƺı仯ǱĬࡣ
⵱ȻҲķ̵Сɣֻķû뵽ǬԶܹõȻ˲źۼ
꽥Ҳ˸ʵĿģΪӣ£ȻҪеΡʱܶѧһֶԺܶһֵôʽʮ꣬Թ౥ѧ֮ʿ书׿Խ֮Խ̵ȻϣպܹΪ׳ԼΪ¼ƣΪƣֻͯȤкκ
ǬԶ·ֻںʹ̸һ㡣
ķȴ̲סﰵһãû뵽ʼӳĬǬԶһ̨ǰȻ˵ķâ¶ҳĺӣûһСӣ
ȻǬԶһ˵һȫ¶˼֮ɫ


443 ˵
ЩǬĶǣܹڽʱ޿̲ŵ֮ʼտȻȹԼĵλһֱͣΪԼ漯ıȡôģȻν
û㹻ǻۺҪ֮еĶ㣬Ӹµĸǳ˵ε顣
ǾνļͿԴﵽĸ߶ȣ˵޴ˣƽӹ֮ȷѪһ·ϣͷǣΪ˵Ľ֮ʯ
ܹڶˣһǻ۵֤
ǬԶ˵ĲףЩȴǵһʱȫǬԶ˼
ʮ꣬Աѧ֮ʿ书֮ϤĽ̵ʲô˼⻰˵ĸ
ֻǽλӵһͨɢүȥ˵ķѾ˼
Ҵʱ˿̣ǬԶվǵǰ̸ֳԼֹôЩǸ档
Ľܹһģ
˵ǴС㿪ʼ̵ҲΪɣ
ѲɡӲλӣ̳ˣ
ȻЩ˵ݺǻۣҲΪǬԶôչ̸ֳ£жϣ˶һЩɣȴǲɱġ
ǬԶ˵ķΧױȥԲе顣
ʮգλĶ֮ţԸ׿ͷæµǰȻǸмģϾ˽¾ۻᣬǽ̸ֻ²̸¡Ҳ֪յƱػλ²⣬˵ǽλҲԲʹ졣
ŴԼȫ¶˼ı飬ǬԶδĽ˵ڻλ飬һǶ磬Ȼ뷨ġȻûǱŸʵʵҲûö⣬ȻˣΪʵĶӣȻҪΪʷǡ
ұ֤λ֮Ӱ쵽ҺͶֵܸ֮顣Ͼ˵ֻһ̳˴λ飬һǶ磬ڼƴȫֱƴֻ˫˭ıƴ漰λԷģÿνվӵ⣬ΪҺͶ֮䣬
ЩȻû뵽ǬԶȻ˵̹ףֱӽ̯ȥ˵һ˵ֱףڡ
ÿһһʱ䶼ֲִĸо
⡭ǲǹڵĹЩΰ
ûЩ˷ӦǬԶ˵ҲԼ˼ҿ˼Ҳʵûʲôȥεģ޲ɶԣȻֵΪֻҪػ塢Ȼ㸩ǻǵԣֺϧ
ǬԶ˵ٿǬԶһȻӣһʱ䶼Щ߲֮ɫ
ԣλýϣֵøǱңҶֵøǱȥҶ硣չǶǸλӣǰӣǴǬҶΪԽԽõĿͳһģһϣģֻϸ֦ĩڵѡ
˵ǬԶǷǷһ֣Ǵ˵˵ʽʼɣƽʱ͹£ϱúõķһ¡أȻѾǽͲκι£ΥߣԷλߣҪලĪҪһɵ¡
ЦŵǬԶӡ󣬲ɵøӺ˼֡
һɺ¥̴Ӷһ̣ݵǬԶǰǬԶùϵľƱңңٱȻһ
ҲǸæͬʱٱ׷׽еľһںȸɡ
ۿžϯȻôʼˣһʱ䶼⡣
ΪﻹûȻʱȷʵѾˣҲӦٵһɣ
˶أԴʱ򣬴⸺˺Ȼɤӡ
ҩʦ᳤Ҷǡʦ᳤γʦ᳤лɽףտ֣񵥣
˱㿪ʼ᳤ϵݡ
ӸƷ׵ҩģٵƷ׵ĲϺһЩϡ䱦ӦоУ
˺ͣЪ˳ӵʱ䣬Žꡣ
ϳﱸ֮ݻأʹ뵽˴͵С
Ϊ˴Щһֵ¶干ͬﱸ񵥵ʮ֮һ
Ҫ֪ǵݣ㲻ΪֺǬԶȻμ磬͵Ҳܲȥ
ԱϳﱸЩǶôˡ


444 ֮ر
񵥣Ļ᳤ǲ˴֮Уڴ˽ĿУ˾ֱߵǬԶǰȻĹǸ͡
ǬԶĿο£ܿǬԶ̸Ц
ʵҲǵһμǬԶʱ˿̣ںǬԶʱֳȣȴ·˺ǬԶѾཻһ㡣
ԴǾֹ֮䣬ʼձһԵĹǫ
̬ⷬȻĿ˴˵۾
ܹǰμӽģǾڵĶڣȻǰʱĺķйصЩ飬֪֮ꡣ
Ҳ֪Ѿڶ֮УȷվǬԶһߣԶǰһĻǲ⡣
ֻȷʵЩ᳤ֳ̬ȡ
˵ĵλӰĻ᳤ȷվǬԶһߣҲϿԺǬԶƽƽǡ
Ͼڵľǵȫѩ̿ô룬ǬԶҲݲŶԡ
ƫƫǰһĻȴЩ߸ǵĲ²֪
ڴ˿ʼ̲ס˴Сʱ򣬴⳪ȴٴ
֣ܴʦǰͶףտ֣
ܴʦ
Щԭ᳤̬ȵǶʱȻŤͷĿ˴ſڵķ
ÿһ˵϶¶ŵı飬˭û뵽ܺоȻڽϣû뵽ǣܺоȻ
ֻܶǾڵһŵܺгΪ֮ھڵӰȴԽԽ
һЩʵ͸Զﴫ񼣣ʹöº͵ھЩҪ񻰵ζ
رȨլеļҾ죬ڵܵŷϡ
ЩҾܹӰ쵽ھоԿƿֲԼϣֻһУʵϲУûκһ˸СС
Ǿ͸˲ˡ
һŰҸ߶ȵĴǵܺеµֵʱΨһЯĶ
յ˵һλ޵óسɷµһ⻯
Ծ߱˵ԣ
տʼʱ˶Եܵ˵֮Աǡ֮һЩ飬ȴʼ˵ܵⷬ˵ʣ
һǵͽ棬κһнľľ֢ˣ
ʱѾۿʱпֻǱ̧Ž˶ܡ
˲ʲôȨ󣬵ȴͷԵȻ㽫ŵ˵ؿڴ
ݵʱڳͽ˵˵ؿڴ˵ǰųͬհ׵Ĺâ
ҲǼʱ䣬ǳ׵Ĺâ̼ʧܽ˵ߣԭʱпܶȴʱ˫ۣȻһԾݵķֻжʮ꣡
ŵǣһͷ׷Ҳۿɼٶȣܿһͷںڣ
Ǽ֮㱻Ϊڵһر
Ҳöµͽʼּαӣ
󲻶ϵоڵȨҪ۳۵־׵ĳ̶ȣܶǺԥľܾй˿ҡ
ûҪǿķʽȥõֻκֳĶʵ̫󣬼Ȼ˵ۣô뷨Ҫ£ҲСһУǱȡ֮
ôҪ˵ڣЩõرԷĪ
ȴû뵽оڵȨɵõرȴȻܺһϡǬԶպ񡭡
ʵǡ˼
˶Ŵͣһ͵ĿŴſڣųܺһţȻƽһҸ߶ȵ𣬻˴
ȷʵ
˼ͬʱͫҲǾÿһ˵Ŀⶼ֮ϣɲǼһƬţڵ˲ù
ȴɫ糣ĻߵǬԶǰǷӷƶɮܣ¡
ʦö񡣡
ǬԶæͬʱʦѾҺϲˣʵ̫أҿʵ£ʦض¡Ŷӳ֣ܸǰմร
¿ˣⲢǵܵ˼ǵºҷԵƶɮյΣƶɮҷ⻯£Էӵң²Ҫѡ
һõɮģٴǷ˵
ǬԶԴЩ׼㣬Ϊܻڽ͸飬ķûǰ֪
Կŵܼ֣ǬԶźۼƳվڽķķ΢΢ͷǷ¡
һƬš˼ٵĺ⣬κĶ


445 Ӷĳ
Ŵ˶ͬǼСһű͵ǬԶеķ̲סԼıǼ⡣
ǹⲻǬԶ飬ʵҲͲ֪
ȻǬԶ͵йʸǰϣ֮ܺǰҲֻǴӦǰѣδķͨҪʲô
ķ˵ǰֻغھЩͨмѾ˵ӰֻҪܹһ̬ȣǬԶ֮ͨƣͻŷǳá
ͨлɽṩ鱨ķȻ֪֮ġ
Ҫ˵ʲôͨ쳹֮ܣǳ
ķһں֯˽Щ飬νֻһעԪķϺʯѡ
֯ضʹƵֶԻˣ˶ޣܲƭ˰Ϸġ
ȻҲ˵޼ֵ½ʱ˵ҲǼֵģټϷڵ󷨣ȷʵʹӽ֮ˬĹЧ
ļֵһƷ׵϶١
ȴվܴﵽ޼֮ĵز
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µĲµ˵ܻµԭķҲּɣֻЩ˵ķӦȫжϵĳһɵӰ죬ж
ǬԶӹֵݸŵһ̴ӣЩȫҪĳ嶯
վǻܹռϷ磬ôҲܹѹסִġ
־ǬˣЯǬº񣬹ףտ֣
ٴ𣬽Щ˴ֽħ״̬о˹
˳˺ֺ㶡
ΪǬꡭǵлӵĴ磬λΨһһĴӣ
ֱӹϽߴ߾֮һӵսʱʱƸ·߾֮Ȩ
˵ֻҪǬԸ⣬ôڶʱڣӵдǬȫľУĳɵָȨ
ǬǴǬǿӡ־죬ҲлҵѪǵǬۻεľӽ֮һ
־ʮ򣬵ս£ʮܹĿֲսĳԽκһ·ʮı߾
֮λڴǬϵͳоռżߵλĽֺȻ˵Ķʵô˺Щ
Ǭ꣬λö֮İԼڵľֱѸ£ʵ˵֮⣡
Ǭ겢ǰΪ߾죬δþù飬ǻӣҲΥһɡ
ܹԼӻغ񣬲־ľЯⱾѾ㹻̬ˡ
٣Ծǵ߾֮ľ룬ҪڽȻҪǰ׼ġ
λεǰ̨¡ǲѡһ˰
ЩΪǬȷ̬𺳵ˣٴνĿͶǬԶϡ
ԭǬݳĵЩˣʱѾʼֶҡ
ֱĿǰΪֹҲǽΣƫƫˣȴһһľ
˵Ļ᳤ǰڴ˵֮ڣôܵĳԼǬǬı̬ʵǴһˣ
ǬǬڴǬڵĵλǵı̬ȫҽһľǿϵ
ھûʲôǬݣ˵Ĵ
ڵܣھЩͨյĿУȫǻһ
ԶĲ˵ֻ˵ЩˣовһЩԼұȽشļϣҪǰȥ֣ȴһȫܾ
ټĴ棬ܺмһõɮеӣݵ˼£
ľٶԼʱ˵Ǽ仰ԽǬԶھǰĿеĵλһϦ֮ƵһԵĸ߷壡
ֻһǬԶԭޱİ£ͻ̼Ϊһ˲òӵĲ
ڴЩ˿ֻڵЩǬԶҲѾ㹻ȥǬһˡ
⻹ûн
ǬǬĺ˴ȵĺǬԶ̸һ֮ǳһθ߿
֮ǰγУȻ߿ȴƽͲͬһγΪ˷ܶѹƲסĲ
ųĲ˵ıǵһʱǧٹ֣ҲͬʱΪʲô˾ȻƲסļ
ܡѧԺԺˡȻҲˣ
ʲôЦ
۾ٰ̫磬ϼһﶼдûȥμӣǣ˭֪ľλѧԺԺ
ôȻμǬԶ᣿
⵽Ǽ˼
һȫ̲סﲻͣķ̰ţΪϵش̼ʵǸоҪˡ


446 ̩ɽѹ
˼ϷˣѧԺЩͻˣҲʱŸϹ
ܲ˴۽ǵƳվڴķһۺһЦݵߵǬԶԣЦǺǵؿ˵
ڴˣȴȫȻ粻ӡ
ԺˣܹԶѾܳһʱ䶼Щ֪ôּˡ
ǬԶϵı仯ǡôȲ˾ḡֲ˾öܲء
⵹ķ̵ģǬԶԼһѾ־ֹ֮еķִ羿Ρ
ؿǬԶһۣ΢΢һЦߣԼ˵ĻֻǬԶһܹ
ķ۹ⲻȷʵĶ磬ʺǰӡ
Ժޡ
ǬԶ΢΢Ƿ
ҪҿʱѾϯ˰ɣΪҪ⼸ٵˣǳԾƣʲôͼʲôˡ
￴˿˵
ȷʵУԺ˻ɣӦϾͻᵽˣȶõʱ䡣
Ŷôһ˵ҵЩˡ
˵ţŤͷȻվڽķƺķϿһЩ𰸡
ѯʵĿ⣬ķȴֻǳʼ硣
ʱˣעȫܵϣôûڵĿ⣬ڷķĴڡ
һϳķ˴˽»һ󣬲Ƭ̣˱ȫ֪վڽ˾˭
һʱ䣬۵Ľ㣬ٴη˱仯
ȻǬԶ˵ûͣ¶õʱ䣬ķʱ򣬳һ
ԬԬӣƵ۹Ԭңףտ֣뱸£
һ֮ҪǮˮ
Ȼ׼ĺʵǲضãǰرں󣬴˶ںʵѾһ൱ĸ߶ϡ
˸ûȥϵ׶Щʲô˹עĽȫΧ˱Ƶ۹Ԭұϣ
Ǽλ£Ҳʵ̫ͨЩɣȻƵ۹ԬҡվһߣʲôʱԬϵϵģλ²һֱ֮ΪʲôȻܹõô֧֣
У̲סСʳԼͷɻ
㲻廹˵ķԵʣ־ǬʹӶˣҲ˵ǻڲĸ飬ѧԺλԺˡƺҲԽͣ˵±ѧԺھͶɡܴʦô£Ȼõܴʦͣô붼벻ֶͨôôһƵ۹Ԭҡλ£һֱֻǾ֮𣿡
Եһͬһɻ˵
־ӡѧԺ塢£ټϱƵ۹Ԭңôӵе֧ߣѾԺͶ·ͥˣڳҰǾ䣬ĳѾռƣΨһȱݣ±ڳ֮ϣµӰȽްɡ
ͬһָͷ㣬Ȼ
ڳ֮ϣҲŲصǱô򵥡
ʼѯʵ˸ɿһ˵
ʲô˼
һ˶ʱȫ
ǵ˹ĳ´ѧʿ𣿡
˵ݣ
ûλ´ѧʿȻѾٹҲѾʮ䣬һΪЧģ˿û䵭ء
ݡɡʲôϢ𣿡
ϢȻûеģһЩţ´ѧʿѾ磬ڳ֮ϵӰȻûжˣ֪´ѧʿεĻλ֮˽±ԼǱǡ˭˻λͳļ̳ˣԳ֮ЩԱóóκҾ֡µǻǾȫЧڶ£µǻҲȫЧ¡
˵ͬˡ˻һ˿
˵ȻһƺǲƫУǳġ
һ棬һļȴȻ֣ԭΪǬĳãҲֻһԸ뷨ѣ
ǿֲһֱֻ˵£ǲ֪䣬ѾԼӰֲķ档һ𣬱㼸̩ɽѹ֮ƣλҿµǵ潫Щչʾ˳Ļһֱڶµ󣬺ܱܿǷǵ³
ûôذɣӵеԶǵ󣬵֮ȣҲûʲô࣬ջ¹˭֡δ֪ɣ
ҵȻҲϣˣϧȻڿǲʵԱȣɶ˫˵ȴȫͬģҲǻῴ͸еĹ
˵Ļͬһ˶ʱ뵽˳ĬС


447 䶨
ԬһƬӵУĴ
ϵĶ̫Ժ֮ǰһֻɳ˽񵥵ȫݸжһ顣
ϵЩѾרŵպá
ȻǬԶԼӵݹоٰһ磬ôصǺ͹̣Ȼɹڵ˸ġ
񵥸жϺԬ̱ԬҵĸƷͬ£˴֮ڡ
ȻǳӣķȴͨС˵ݣ˸
Щ˾ִܷڲͬӣͬϵ۵ȴƫƫͬС죡
ڽֵǰˣһһĳϣڴЩǰμʵϵľ
۵ݣʹĶ
ķͷ֪ʱЩ׼ѾȫﵽҪﵽЧ
ѧԺν־߾ǳѹյһݽɫıƵ۹Ԭң㾡ȫȥǬԶ
ܹĳ£ǰĳ̬ȣѾܹļˡ
ǬԶ˵Ѿ㹻
Ϊ˲֪һ㣡˵ǬԶѾӵЩȫ֧֣Щּ֧һѾԶǬγһ̶ȵƣ
ЩеıʣķףǬԶףԬ̼ҲףǬȴһף
ھУּȵԸע˻Ǭݵжϣ־޴
ǬԶԬ̸̼Ц˵Ľͬһϣĳٴ
һγ֣ȴԶ֮ǰǰ
پƶʥ飡
ƶǰ༸ǻϣдһ֣͸ǬԶ
ûʱ䣬ķһֱİҲ˻
Ȼ˷ֱʱ䲢㳤ʱʵѾڴǬԶ
ƶһһƾ鷨һѾﵽļ߾磬ڲ֮ǰ㱻˿ڿഫʥţ
ķļ䵱Уһİʥ֮ʱٻҪٵȽʮʱ䡣
һķԵʣȴǽ̣Ӳʮ꣡
ķΪڰ˵һõ飬Ȼٳʧҡ
Զͬ˳Ķֳ࣬죬Сһαװĳ죬Ǵڵ⣬һֳ졣
ڰ˵ԽʲôǴͶԽ洦
ķһİ飬Ʊؽȡñһߵöĳɾͣ
ֻڣҲѾӵƷʦľ磡
ֿʱ鷨һϣ޾ϣ˷˼
Ҫ֪˵ķǻҪС꣡
͵Ʒʦ򣬶ʷǰģ
ǰ漸˵ĵǬԶϵͣƶͰĵȻЧ
ʵϣڵ֮ľٶǰ⼸˴εڶγɵЧ֮ѣķԤڵĻҪࡣ
̶ȣʵѾ㹻ˣ̲ܶöˣþǺ¡
ƶͰĵأһǻЩա
һ棬ҪչֳǬԶǧǵľģ
ҪףǬԶѾõ֮ʣ
ƶʱڷҡֱϵӰԼڴǬ˿ʺȥ顣
˿ŴѾȫԼϣķչȥķҲͲټڴתûоκ˵ģ뿪˴
ʱͨлɽṩ鱨ķҲΪʲôǬ˶ڱƵ۹Ԭһûʲô⡣
ʹǬΪһ岻ͬƵ۹ȴһ͵Ķ干ιҡ
ϰ٣ռͳελģ˿Ĵ塣
Ĵһ˿ռƵ۹˿ڵİ˳ɻһЩбԬңһͳߣ
Ԭҵĵ̺ʹǬԬƵ壬ʵʹǬǧ˿ƵѪԵϵԾƵ۹ޱȵĵӴǬƫƫԬȴǺʹǬΪơ
˵֮£ԬӦ޷ڱƵ۹ǣȴڱԬ¾֮ʿʮ֮ޣƵ۹ȫĲķ֮һԬҵƿ֮£ڱƵ۹ͲҶԬҶ֡
Ԭҽı߾ǴǬ·߾УΪ͵һ·
ԱԬҶǬԶȷ֧̬ȣǬʹӼһ𣬻Ҫ
鲻
߳ķ㿴ҶȻվ¥ݿڵλãǺЦؿ
ĳ֣ͬʱ
ȷʵе׼һ鰴ıķȥչǷǳгɾ͸еġ
ΪףأȾơ
á


448 ǱĬӰ
ΪʲôΪʲôվһߣΪʲô־ѡվӣΪʲôԬһ̬ȣΪʲôӲμκξڳϵܻȥףգΪʲô
ʼѧԺѧסڣǬԼլ
ܹĶѾ˵ϣЩȽϼ̵ĵһЩЩʵù
һǵͬʱҲ÷ĵһƬǽ塣
ⷿǬ֮⣬ֻϲסȰ˵Ǭȥμˡ
ǬݵŭһԲվڷĽ䣬۹۱ǱǹĵĴֶ
ûκҪȰ˼
Ǭݾô״һķʮӵķ裬ֱǬԼˣĴŴŷڵͣ˲һڵ£﷢ûκôǵ֮һĶԲߡ
ԲߣʲôԲߣ
Ǭݴʶķʵ
ȻµϣһЩ֮ЩȻûκε׼Ϊ֮ô󣬲μˣΪĶҡԵ֮ǱҪ飬ǸģЩǵ֪չֳͱ˵̬ȴɲܶκв
˳˵
Ǭ΢΢һɫʱЩɵؿڵѵֻһѣЩ˾ͻʧȥĲɣ
£ǲͨ磡©磡ѧԺԺˣ־ʹӵı̬Ǳ÷ǳһֱӵĽ趼֮ص飬ĸٽУΪʵģҲһֻֽû֮ʦ޷ָ¡۴κνǶȿ֧֣֮ص飡
ȻǬ鲻ѣȻòԼ˵Ļ˵
Ǭݿǰȥμ磬ȻֳĻܱͬ⡣
ȻǬݲľ棬ôΨһģҲֻоȥע⣬ֲĨɱ
ǬΣ˵ĻչҪ˵ġ
ߣǱߴС͸ҲףľҲһֱϱû뵽ܲŸոճǬȲܹȥбԬңôȻ˵Ĳ֪ˣҵǻƵۺҪԬţ
ǬȻѾйһͨȻûȫԼĻȫй˵˵ǣٴ̲ס˵˺ݻ
̲ס̾˿ǰôû֣Լλ£Ȼǳ֮أ
ȥɣӷ棬һ취˵Ĳȵ飬õģʱҵģһ㣬˭ܹһѾ£ҵߣĻִͥ£Ǵһģû˻
ǬһͨйŲͷ֣һ˵Ķ˵
£ûô򵥣ֳ̬ȣѪǲ֮ͶЧ˼һЩϲ֮ˣҲпܱչȥչʾͬʱҲǧǣضԴд£
Ǭǲͷ˶ʱˡ
ѵң֪ôҪ̣ҪģֻǰҵҪ󣬽ҵͼԲʩȥ㹻ˣ𣡡
Ǭɫһ䣬ޱΣյĿˡ
һЩӲص˵ͷ
Ȼˣ͸ҹȥԺٸҵľ֪
Ǭݵĳһ˿ɱ⡣
ȻæȻҴ뿪լӡ
ֻǬûע⵽ǣת֮һ̣е֮⣬·Ҫ˶ɰ㡣
ء
ǬݶŷŵķɫĽһ
һʱ䴫˴Ӧر΢΢ͷ˽һֱߵǬݵǰ
ǬһѽذԼǰһѣɷֵĽصԴסȻޱȴֱص
һϧĿ籩ꡣ
ǬƺҪĲȫйصһ㣬ûκ˼
ؾһı飬ȴʼվֺܵǬݡ
֪ǲ̫嶯Եʣص켼£Ǭֻһһйע

ظɾǬݳ˿ȻڵأЩһֱңӦ֪ɣ棬Ҳ˲ٲǣ㴦λõĻô
΢΢һ촽󣬿ڵ£ū澡ū澲˵
ʲô˵ģҶ˶ѣ˵ɣˡ
Ǭݺһû˵
֪ǲ̵ԵʣǬݵ鿴һЩ
¡ҾáĸھȥĻλһġλܵȱٵġʱɣ
عڵϣ̧ͷȥǬݣôͰ͵˵
Ǭɫ䣬ļȻŹǰأеɱ֡
ĿҲ·֮һ㣬ãǬɫһƬ˵ȥɡУ⻰Ҫٺκ𣬷򡭡˭Ȳ㣡𣿡
ǣ¡


449 ֻһ
ķ֪ͨӵĵæµŵķһȥʱķʵûʲô׼
֪ԼʱһϵеľٴͶùĴǬ۾
վˣн죬Ҳ˻Ŀȡ
ķȷʵûλǬƿߣҪ
ôЩλҲǹҼһССְɣ
ΪεڣʵЩҲʼջλƿ֮£壬Ҳѵλ֮⡣
ķλоɵּɵΪλϣ뵽ĳֻҵС
ϣȨĽܸƽȣڲӰǰ֮£˳˳Ľλӽȥ
ԲŻ鱶á
λĲκι˼ɣģܵȥųһвȶأôҲãǾҲգֵܵסλֶΡ
һ㣬ķ֪֮ꡣ
¡ΪʲôҪң
ܵѾ׼õᣬķüʵ
ǷӵĵﶼæЩʲôأ
ûлش𣬷ķһ⡣
ȻֶһֵľͿãĵĻҪ֮飬ֻеҩճ裬޵ģһӣճҪĵĵҩ͸࣬òÿ춼һЩ
ķȻ˵
ķôһͨͣܶʱЦˣָķЦСӣΪôƭɣΪҲ֪ҩıжǿҶǶʰ·ı£ˮ׼֮ߣǬܳҰɣ֪ҪȫĻÿܹƳĵҩҪضôһӣܲЩȫŵҩ԰ɣ
Ϊʲôŵҩԣ
ķһ䣬΢΢Цż˵һֱ֮Եҩ˼ߵĵλΪҩϡ١Ժܶ൤ҩȻǸƷ׵ޣ򲻵ѵ£Ҳ÷áԱγһֵҩ̷ܴǱڵӡ󣬵Ȼӡ󲢲ȷ
ķҪľʲôǰһϸ΢Цı飬ʾķ˵ȥ
ȥȫʵĵҩֻкôûлȻܶ൤ҩҩЧǿңڶʱڴ̷ֻҪӦģҩЧĸҩԽ⡣ʹõҩ磬ΨһĻֻڣĸ޷ƥӦʩչ飬˱һЩͨõҩˣԵû鸡ΪͶԵҩЫҲǱĩõģԺˣ˵أ
ķЦҡҡͷڵѲһӣĶǰѵҩԣ
ҲȫǣվҪһɱ⣬õҩѻľ磬Ȼڶʱھ͵õ޴ʵҪĵҩģҲǸ֣ԳЩص⣬˻ҪͰġϾܹ֧ҵĵҩģѾҵǰܹļˡ
ķ΢΢ףһǫ˵
ҡҶǶ֧֣Ѿûκαˡ˵ЩҩʦҲֻǾĵڵҩĳɱǷǳġԴӸ˵ĽǶȻǺ£ɴӹҵĽǶʹΪˡڹڣҲֻһЩҵػ߿ԵõĴƹ㿪¶ҪΪ֮ҡ
ܿЦ˵
ȻʡãҲֻͷԼĵҩѡ˴һ˽ˣ˵Ҳ̫ϡ
зִġղʵģΪʲôҪ㡭һΪܹµءϣºһˣ˵֮⣬ƫƫһУ˵ҲñҪĻʲôĵط
ķ΢΢һû뵽𰸻˵ļ򵥣ºſڵֻΪ
ֻΪ
⡭Ӧð
ΪʲôӦã
ΪҪӵĽǶȳʱټңǸ˺˼룬ǲǬѾܳ裬Զϣ
ķЩ벻ס
ˣεӢ䣬Ҳı䲻һʵǾǡǵͬʱҲһסȻ˵飬֮ĹϵԶܱ˵ȷʵһֱڶ£ⲢͶûκڴΪδһֱ
Ц˵
ѵΪ˸Ǭѹĳ𣿡
ķֵʵ
Ȼǣûλ£Բ˽ԸԱµǿƣȷ˼ߣͲ˵κ



450 
ܹһ㹻ĸ߶ȣ¿ȥôͿ׾ٵķ֣ټľһ׼ģķ̾ӿƽԭ֮ϡ
ߴΡĳǽΧ£ľͳǳأ̻ӿĸĴȻһ޾ƽԭȴͬʱɽԲûжٲ׳ĸо
ھķĳǳĴǬȨ֮ڣʹ
۴ӽĽǶȥǣǴӾĽǶȥͣʹڶǾ޿Ϊ׳ĽȺ
ھΡǽʹĹǽҪһҡ
ڻʹ֮ڣ¥εǧ
֮һĵڸ߶϶Գǽ
ķڹǽ֮Ѿ˳ɽ鿴Яƣȷ֮߳һСţ·ܺķ˹˻ʹ֮ڡ
ող빬ǽ֮ڣһ׳ש·ͳķǰ·ʮңһ߾ǸߴĹǽһ߱ߣǺ͹ǽĵڶǽ档
֮Իǽ佨ĿҲΪķΧʳǵ飬ܹڻʳڶ֯εֿ
Ծ֮տʼ𣬾ʹûйκα·漣֮ڣı湦Ȼи
ʹǴǬ۾ȥĵط
ֻǴʱܵש·ϣ߶ΡĹǽǰľͷͬˣֻ̧ͷܹεɫķʵоô
ڹض࣬Ĵͨ·ϵûʲôɵȹǰĹսǣʽʹ֮ں˵һ岽һڣû˿ŵĵطһЩ׮ȫĸƷޣΪԻʹʲôͼͻǳ鷳
Ȼķǰ棬ȴ·Ժһ㣬ķʱ򣬿ѵ
ǣԺˡ
ķûж˵ʲôĵ˵ͷ
ǰСǷ·ʲôûһ㣬ʼյͷС
һʯש·ߵͷת˸־һŽļ飬ķǰŻȻʡ
ȻǰһʮƽСƽ㳡ǰʹռĴ
ƽĴСᣬǬ۾ͻ֮ڣȺ档
ÿʮһεĴ󳯻ʱھڵķƷϵĹԱ䣬Ľ⹬֮ڣչλĸߵͣǴ࣬ѹѹվһƬǧһɽĳ棬ʵǷǳĵġ
ܶЩվĩβĵƷԱ˵ھԵʣ֮ϵĵ۾ʲôӶִ󳯻ᣬȴûκεĵƷԱ没
ܹμӳᣬǵƷٵһ֮һ
һεСᣬֻоƷϵĹٺƷ֮ϵ䳼ʸμӡ
ǲǬڣľ߽ײ㣬ʹ󳯻һֻǽһЩǳԼһЩش鲻ͬСǵ۾ͳʱ
Ͼ󳯻ʵ̫࣬飬һ˾˵һ䣬ҲҪӰ˵ҹȥ
ʮһεĴ󳯻ᣬ壬ֻþЩƷ׵ĹԱܹһհˡ
Сŵ£ķƹŲԶһƫȥ
ӼȺĵطڳ֮󣬵۾Լ鷿ﴦϸµ
ҪټصĹԱʱҲ鷿ڵƫС
СķҪȥĵطƫ
ʱƣǬ۾нϢѾǵϲȦ۾ûκ;ƿݵӣÿ糣Ĵ񣬴СҲӲϡ
Ϣȷ󣬿µ֪Ϣ˶ֱϢĵˡ
ķƫ֮⣬СԺȻͷƫȥˡ
ҲһСĹƫڱ˴
ͬʱһƷĹٳ˴ƫ˳ھܺķԺԱܹһֶ࿴ķһۺ󣬲ûκҪ˼㾶ֱȥ
飬УΪһѧʮ굣ִѾʮʱ䣬õ۾ڡϵ֮ףʵȨ޷ȣʿ֮ߣڣʿĻҲֻѾ˹ĳܺˡ
ȥӰܿͬķܵ
ķ˵ͷδ˵ԴǬĹϵ˽Ĳࡣ
һһĹϵȥ˽ص㣬ϾһΪν񷨣ԶֻЩûͨá
ܵ󣬲ƫ֮УȻķ㿴ƫ鷿ڣڿϵλǬ۾


451 ϣ
ǰⶼķһۼǬλдζĵ۾
ķеԼಡ齲ͬλ۾棬ɫãҲƲжҪŲ˼
òϺǬԶƣҪԶǬԶµĶࡣ
һƣһеķ˸ʽǿߣҲòϣͬǰλǬ۾һǿڣһķģ£Ҳûгָ֮
һ۾ӣǼΪʧķ΢һ󣬱æͷ
ĬĬļһ·ͨС̽鵽ЩǿϢ²ɵðԳԾ
ʹĸֱ֣֮࣬˾
Ϊǿɱ֯ų˲ɱĺ֣䰵ɱ֮£ȻȱҵĻ塣
ԺֶʮĻңһо͵顣
Ǹķ֪һں֯ģڴǬʹڵ䱸ԼԤ⣬һ·Щǿ֮һ
ĶѵѾԴﵽʱĳ̶ˣ
ķţһ͵ϮɱͬھʥͽҲ޷ʹ
οǰλӦнĴǬ۾ֲ֮ķĸ֪У˿ǿ׵
ķ
ķԺвͣ˼ŵʱһΪǰ
ķʱϥأѧԺʦķݼ¡
ɣʦҲ֮ʦֻļҳԲýš
ٴδʱŰŵӷܺķࡣ
ȻһЩ˰㣬Ҳֻ֮һƨɣҪ˵˿ţҲƭ˵ġ
ֻķЩɻڴǬ۾ܵĳƺºãؿһۡ
ƺǿ͸ķ뷨ϵĵ۾ЦǺǵ˵δǻ֮ǰʦ̵һʱ䡣
ԭˡ
ķ̧ͷ˵۾һۣȴ˵Ĺ졣
ô롭λǬ۾öԼһӰɣ
֪кܶʣʦҲûк˵̫ףҲ޴˴νȷʵû̫˼һǺҳһҲ뿴㡣λֽ˾ƣ˶̵ʱͽ϶ԭ޴Ƶ˸ɸɾˣͷۡ
Ǭ۾ʼºͣķȴ˿ķɡ
Ѳ⣬֪λ۾ʵ뷨Ρ
ˣܶ鶼ֻʷˣķҲþ˸ӡ
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ЩƭƭҲͰˣŪ޵Ļ۾֮
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£Һͼ֮ìܣȷʵѡ֧µһԭ򣬵Ҫԭ֧֮£ֻǵġϲ¶ѡ
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λ۾ƿس̶ȣԼһо֮ǰѾϸĳǰ
£߰˳Ȼʲôǵѡ
ںܶĴϣȷʵڹһЩΪһĻȱģء
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ķǳ׵ĺͿˣǰλǬϵ׵ڴʲôע⣿
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ͬķѡ֮󣬴Ǭ۾Ťͷ˵
ӦһȻתƫǬ۾ֻЩ̵Сţ鷿ʱֻʣķˡ
ķǲǺ֣Ϊʲô޿һҲнľӣ
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ýţֻڸĶѡȻΪһ֮Ҫ乬֮Уƽʱ΢ΣҲھ֮תת޻ǶĿȻ֪ϢѾȥЩȥϢʵûдȷʵŲˡ
Ǭ۾º͵ķĳִ·˵ĲԼ״һ㡣
Ӧ֪ڲһĵĹ涨ǻλ̳ˣϣλҵã㶼ȭֻлڲÿһרѡػߣŻᱻΨһĻʵۡ
Ǭ۾һ˿
ķǵ˵ͷһȻ֪
֮Բȭڻҵؼ̫Եһ֮ǰͻƳΪʥͽô߾ͽȼ
Ǭ۾ָָԼЦ


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ŴǬ۾Ľͣķȴ֪ȥֻܼʹͷͷתǧء
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ЩԱ˴֮ûκεϵҲûκεĽԸȥĻܹ֣ЩԱʵȫרǬ۾ÿòԱӴйأ
Щ½ԱˣǱ֮ǰļʱѾεڵĴӱ֮дߣû֪ǵ䡣
ڴ൱͵Ըûκ˵ע⡣
ЩԱȫɣǬ۾ķԼʱޣѾֻʣһڡ
үǱߡҪʼжˡ
ķķոҶȻһˬһ¥Ŀ
Ѫӱƿ˽ͬʱһϲɫؿ˵
ҶȻһҪȥִУԺķһ֮󣬱뿪ķӣʱƶķĶ棬ķһŪߡ
ſķԣֻ۾΢ż£СβǺ޹ɵĺĴš
Զأ
ºһȥִˣ鷳Ӧý֮ǰܹɡ
ǵ˶ŵʼѧԺ⣬лɽǱʱϵһȷǱѾ֣̽ؽӳ˴󹦣Ҫ㹻ʹ͡
ķֶ˶٣˵
ǣүѾȥˡǱĲܳɹ𣿡
Ƕܹ鵽ĶΪпܱڹ𣿵¿ʷƿǿĵƬֻҪ֪飬Ͳס
ķõһݵƶǰ˵ǰһŲ輸ƶӹķõǱȴڲ輸֮£̽ķĽϣ˳ƶϣķСȥ
ڲ輸ȫյģѪӵλøͿ輸֮˵С
ķû뵽ƶȻôһ֣΢΢һƶһۺȴƫƫֲŲԼȣĸоͬ͵һİˬķºЩĪĿ
үô˵ĻǵЩСҲס˵ģˣǲ̫Σˣ
ѪЩǵʵ
ƶܷܷȴѾ˳ķСȣ˴ȣȻҪĲλ̽˹ȥ
ķһ۳õڣƶ㱻ڸڳ֮ڣȥĻƲκ쳣ĵط
ƶûһĶŲ豭ɫȻŲˮķʵЩ޵
ƫƫѪӾԱߣȻЩȴֻͬװȫһ㡣
ҲȷЩСǷܹסλ£ʵ֤λ¼ȻѾĬôãôȻڵʲôֵȴҪһԼ¶ĵ顣ģѡǬԶǬݡ
ķĺôһЩΪƶѾҪλ
ֻվƶĻȻֳ쳣
ƶֻؼѹķҪûֵľٶ
ȻˣҲ㹻ķ٣Ѫӿˡ
ѪӲûзķ쳣ֻķĽͣƶǶĵ˵ͷȻ󿪿ʵүҪʲô
Ҳȥ̽ϢɣǱ뱣֤һʱõڹϢķ
ķҲѪӣֻǳƶ˵
ѪȻЩ죬ȴҲûж룬Ӧһתֱ뿪˷ӡ
ŹķһץסƶɼѹԼҪλ㣬ĿЩΣյ˵ңҪҰ͵𣿡
Ȼ㱻ķֱץ棬ƶȴֻ΢죬ȻͷƵؿķҪϣǾϰ
ķһϣ۾ƶ˺һйһȻɿץŵƶСš
ĳ̾һһƬɬ
˾ռŮ˵ӣֲеΣĺ£
ƶķһۣջСŴЬӣ¥ȥ
ҲôһֱջҰһһ̲סˣɲ֪ʲô淢չȥһºܿͻˡ
ķʹؽе
⣬ʲôϵ
ƶ൱ε˵һ䣬Ȼŵŵŵŵ˳¥˶¥


458 
ķʹŵʱǬޱվڵǬ۾鷿ڣͬԼĸ׽ĳļ⡣
鷿Բʲô飬Դ֮ǰǬ۾ʼԼĶӲС󣬻ֻҪһЩԴĹ£˱㶼鷿֮нԡ
ҲǴǬ۾Լӵ価ĿʼӴ£ͬʱͨ־ԼĶΪڴһЩʱҪȡֶκͷʽ
Ҫǣ鷿ҲܹõǬ۾ԼĶڴʱʲôȱ㣬һ˱ϵĴҲ㼰ʱȥо
һֱ鷿ԵٶֻǬݣһ֮ǰǬԶͬʼ뵽С֮кܹ鷿ԵĻӾͱˡ
ȻǬѾ꣬Ƕĳ֣ȴȻֱԼĵ⣬ƽ׵ķָ˱˵ĸо
ǷŭֱܵġԼ׵Թ⡣
һڽ鷿ԵʱǬʼպѽԹȫȥһЩʱ̲ס˵һЩĻ
ȴˡ
ǬôվԼ׵ǰһͷһܹԼԹ
Ϊ˵һҪҪ
ѾŬԼֵĺƽʱûʲôͬҪ̫شʼƽ
ʣҵ뷨۾㵱նӻȨ£ɵĽ˵жĺôΪҲԲܹݡպ˶Ϊ֮Ч£ҲͲԶˡ
Ǭݵͷ˵
鷿ԵݣǷϸµһС顣
ر߹صһ죬Ϊ˽ԹΥʥּ첻ʵۣǿһģ̫ı߾ͻԹĳɱ˸һɶʾͻйһ·ɱӣֱָйǣ
ֱٳ£ڵйҫһڵйսսĿУ顣
Υʥּǰ첻ʵں󣬵ȴҲһλѵõ֮ţһͻڴǬ˵ûκθӰ죬ǴǸйһֲڵ󣬻ǵйʵ˺ôһ⡣
Ӻ۵ĽǶȥһ߾ͻȻǶԴǬǳͻĽҲôǬ˸ͣǾ嵽λ챾ȴһǳ˷ŭˡ
ǳ߾ͻ֮󣬴ǬǲصĹԱ˺͵йˣ֮㿪ʼλӦδõ⡣
Ͼ۾¡ɴС
֮ϵĴǣ˭Ҳظ˵ԼⱲӾûƭʵۣƫƫλ߽̫ţҲ̫ЩյĽΪиնˡ
ݣ޺˵ΣδСʣһǣ˹ʱôСҲȥԴʼҲûİ仰ȥ
Ǭ۾Щʧؿ˿ԼǰʹͷĶӡ
еɫЩӣʧ⣬ЩС
ֻǬһֱͷԸûп
ʣεأҲвĵߣΪߣҪԼжϣױ˳˵Ҳ̹ҵģΪԳӲһζ꣬һЩʱֶ£δǺõѡ񡣡
ǬЩ˵
ⷬӦȴôǬ۾Ȼһ¶֮ǰķʱǬµǸۡ
鷿ڵһʱЩ䣬ǬûԼĸʽӻǹһЩ
ǡڴʱ鷿⴫һͨڵõ鷿̷֮˵һСűһͷС鲽С˽
鷿ڵ̷ӹ˲СźתĽڷ˴Ǭ۾ǰȻڲࡣ
Ǭ۾ûȥϵĲĿʼǬݵϡ
Ų˽ǬޱȵעСģȴ̲ס͵ǲۡ
ķ񣬱Ǭ۾˸
۾ȻǴιֻɱֹɱҲǲԵġ
Ǭ۾͵ԼߣȻͿǬʶ΢΢̧ͷֻ۾ֱĶŲޱȿ̬ôǬ۾һůҲʧ˸ɸɾ
ݡ
Ǭ۾ûȥڷŵᴵں󣬱·Żǰϣͬʱڻһ
ǬޱڴԼĸ׺ȴû뵽ۿűҪڣɵ󣬾ȻַŻ
ôһļٶһģͻȻԼĸ׽Լ֣˶ʱһ󷢻š
ʡ
ݡɱ֮ģ˵ļ
Ǭ۾ЩƮǬȴ˲ɫɷףӲȣһƨɵ鷿ĵϡ


459 Ϊߣ
ʵղһֱڵȣµͷȻȻҲֿ֪ʵ̫Сչ黹ôһ˿롣
Ǭ۾ԳЦЦŵڵϵǬݣ˿˵ĳ˵ȷʵûʧȻ¶˾Ҫ飬ǾҪһֻףܰ;ϣҲ޽̹ġ
Ǭ۾һ˵ţһ߽ĵԵĵϡ
͵Ӵ󣬲ûκ쳣ķӦ֡
⵹ҲǬ۾Ͼ۷εǿߣͨĶҩκôӵҩǴͳϵĶҩǶȥĻʵǴ֮
ǣӵǴ֮һζҩĻϵĻʱΪѪľ綾֮
һζҩģ֮ǰ鷿еһζҩġ
϶ҩҩѱҲѱƵģ֮ǰǬȻһֱ鼫ΪʼնԼļƻʮ㣬ȴû뵽µͷԼĸһƣ
֪ˣ
Ǭݵڵϣûһ˿Ѫɫ
ûкԩҲûжʸڷϣΪ˽Լĸף֪ڼʸڷϣҲûκô
㿪ʼ׼ζҩģڹڽԱʱ޾֪ˡ
Ǭ۾ͷ˵
ԡҵһж˵ʵֻһЦ
Ǭ͵˵
ҲЦɣھҪʹ÷ǳֶκûѡԹԶ֣Ǿ޶֣޻Ǻ͵ģ֤ЩĽ̵һǴ
Ǭ۾ƽ͵˵
ߣҵȻѡܣҲ˵ֵе飬䷢ĳɹؽܰɱҲͬҷλΪɵ£ҲŲȥ
Ǭݵ˫УָһЩɣѾľأЩȥ˵ļơ
ûĴԹԶ֣ôȣҲõȥϲܳɹҳɹˣҲ̽乬Ȼλ޻ǵĴ硣
Ǭ۾Լ뷨Լλ˺ĶЩ޲˼
ǬȴǲȻһЦڵʣѾҪɱ𣿡
Ӧ֪˵ǻûκӰ죬ţڹԶ˵ȴкܶ鷳ԴԹԶݣıҲ¶ȥɱ㣬ˣֻΪˡ
Ǭ۾ָ˹߳䵭
ҲġλԭҵģΪʲôһҪΪʲôȥֹ˵ֵزʲôʮ꣡ΪͷôȭҲġ
Ǭš
Ǭ۾ı鲢ûʲô仯ֻ˸£ڵվ޵ĶӣһЩȭԶȥģǹԶԼѡȻ£Ǹ˵ڴ󲿷ֵ£Ҳǻᱣصġʱ䣬͹Զ֮ᣬ֮ԱֳĬҲֻ뿴ĸһЩ
һ˵ţǬ۾һߴ˳ֱߵǬݵǰӸµĿŵڵϵǬݣڸһ˿ʹĵɫʼʲôλɻġһ㣬Һķװ׵˵Զվˡȭ򲻵ѣҲһע̫õλĶӣϻλӣʵԶʺϳΪĵ
뿴ʲô
Ȼ뿴޵ĶӣûΪ߸ежĽǶ˵κȱ޶ԽܣжûдﵽҵҪټԸеԸ㽫һѡܲңҿĶ
⡭⡭
ǬֻһԵĻͷһѾʱ̣ĴԷޱȿٵת
ֻɲǼ䣬ص㸡ԺУǬݻһȻеʣҡҲǱ˹ƻΰ˴治뷨롭븸ٸһλᰡ
ܱƻĵͲһϸĵ޺˵Щζ޻ı⣬ֻΪװף֪ԼʲôطˣϾվ޵Ķӡ
Ǭ۾һ˵ţһ̧ǬǾ㵵ĿУֱһƺǬݵϣ
ǬȻû뵽Լĸ׻˵ɱɱֱ֮ǰһ̣˫Ȼŵɫ
ɾһƽǬݻУǬ۾Į˵޺͹鷿ԣοڹݼ⣬ʹͲȴû뵽ݺȺͻԼҪŷԼһ֮صԱ
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һƮ鷿ﴫ


460 ޽
ǬͻԼ˵۾鷿֮ڵϢ·˳һ㣬̵ʱ֮ڵȦӡ
֮ȣʹ֮ڶŷͽԱеĴϴԵòôעˡ
ǬͻԼĵڶ죬Ǭ۾ʱһδ󳯻ᣬڳ֮ϣһȷ˴ѡǬԶΪ̫ӣȷһԼ֮󣬱ҪǬԶǻƵۡ
֮⣬󳯻ϻһЩ飬ЩԭǬҵĹԱڴ󳯻ϾԱԭְλ룬ְλͬʱȻĺֶһʩչ
ȷ˴ѡ֪Լʣµֻ󣬴Ǭ۾չֳԼʼеΪԼĶӵǻϰɨ׼
ЩǬݽӴ̫Ѿܳ˵ĹԱȻǴǬ۾ΪҪȥġ
ǴԼԭְλϵ룬ִֻĵһҪΪٵǺڲϵʱ䣬Ȼͨҵĺڲϵس̶ȣ²ͬѾΪǬĹٳϡЩ߹ٽдˡ
Щ֮󣬾ЩԱûбÿһеֵĹԱͬ˻һ㡣
ܼÿһ˶ǬνԼ˵żȵĻɺ󣬵ȻϢǵ۾׿˵ҸκεĻԼʱ䣬ֱӶ۵ôЩʵĹǣȻɵȥʲô
ѾעҪעģֻʣڼ䣬ΪԼȡôЩԭûпǬԶĹԱȻҲҪʼΪԼδǰ;㡣
Ȼ˵һһλôҪϵĹԱǻһ磬Ȼ飬ȴվܰеĹԱȫһЩԭǰʧĹԱ³ܵõҲһȱȽǡ
һĴ󳯻Ὺ֮ڣȫж
֮ǰѾΧ£ǬԶԵˣ۹Ա佫˲ԭſȸͥ
ΪǬԶҪķȴһֱѧԺ֮ڣȥЩʹࡣ
һʱķɰĴѧԺ֮УѧԺҲһĿŵѧԺԺֱӹκδڡ
ʹҪӴʶķֻ̾ȴû˿취
ķ˵Ȼһµ֮ǰǽµ˵ûʲôͬ
ֻѧԺԼĿγ̣ҶȻпյʱͺҶȻٰȣҶȻûյʱƶĥʱ䣬ϳ˺ҶȻһ⣬ҲᵹȥһЩҩ߶켸
ȴֲȤ
ӱһµȴֺ֮ǰµž޴Ĳͬ
Ϊ֮ǰµķڱԼȴһ£ȴǳ䶨
ǬݵѶ֮ķһʱ䰲˾ڵ󣬱ֱӸɽڵļȥһ顣
Լĸյ󣬱̶ǰǡ
ȻǬˣǬԶΪε۾ôȻļҡҲʱһ쵼ˡ
ʦҴȥ
ӵһ¥ҶȻƶԶɱһ֡
ķվһԣŶ˲赹ˮĹ
ǬԶʱ˷ӣŴһģķûκα仯ؿ˵
㸸׵ˣ
ķеĲͷǬԶʵ
ǡոʵ˼³Ųˣȥ֮ǰҪ
ǬԶΪ䣬ȻϿʲô仯˸˵ĸоȴȻࡣ
֪ˣ͹ȥɡ
ķߵǬԶԣǬԶļ
ӣǬԶ͵Ǭ۾֮ĹϵȷʵҪ࣬Ҳи֮顣
ŴǬ۾ļǬԶ㱯еķӦʵ
ѧԺķǬԶͬһŻʹ۶ȥ
û̫õʱ䣬˻ʹ֮⣬ӦѾǰйԸסŵĽûκֱʻ˹֮С
һֱ޹֮⣬ͣ£ķǬԶֱȻʱһСӭ
Сŵ£ķ޹ţǬԶûиһСķ޹֮󣬾ֽ޹ĴŹ
Ȼķ㿴޹ǽϣͬһͼ
Ǭ۾˫֣վڵͼǰͷǽ֮ϣ·ѲԼһ㡣
ȻǱķȴķоԨsŰ㣬нľӣǰһμʱԵøȻ
ķȴⲻǻعⷵնѡ


461 

Ǭ۾תķһЦݵ˵
ϴһĨԲĺȴķо㵵º͡
ǣ£ˡ
ȻɻķȴǷ˵
ɣýţûʲô£ֻһҪʱ򣬱ܻƽ಻ĵҸ˵˵԰ġ
Ǭ۾ߵ޹ԼϣָָԼλ˵
ϻһСϷһƺƱ
ķٴǷӦһȻߵ齱ϣСʹǬ۾Զ
ƣʵҲֻʣ֮ǰһֱúȣ⼴Ҫ뿪ܵóһóһһԶҲˡ
Ǭ۾һ˵ţžƺķһȻָԼһ
ⷬʵķеܳĸо
һĵλߣһĿǰ˵Ҳֻһ츳׿ԽŶѣʹǬ۾ִ磬ҪĶ֮䣬˲֪پ롣
οǰλ۾ͳʮ꣬£˵һϵף
⻹ǰλ۾һθ˵ưɣ
ķأԺ˼ŵʱ򣬴Ǭ۾ȴǳٱȺȵһƼֲͬҩƶɣȻǾƣȴҲͬǵҩһ֣ǰʱһҩʦ㾡ƶɣһҲֻѡһʱĵ۾ȵʣһֱֻε۾ʸǷá
ǵһƵĵ۾˵֪ڽ֮ǰƣܰҲһ
Ǭ۾ѵЦ˵꣬оһ
ķҲǸæƱͬⱭеľҺһԵĵ
žҺķȴûиоζǴ㣬ƲƾƣɽҺ
ǾҺܿС֮кķʱСγһů
ůܿ˳ѪҺ̼鼰ķ֫ٺķ·ʮǧëȫ˱ͨ͸ˬ֮ܺǰһεõҶȻʱĺᲢۣ
ôɣ
Ǭ۾˿ձӣЦǺǵĿķ˵
һƺ꣬Ǭ۾ԭʢЩϢ΢ʵһЩ
ֻǿϧǹʢȻûκŤתĿܡ
ķ촽ζһݼζһ̾˵Ȼ˼伫£ҩôҴֱֻܷеĲֻ֣֣ЩҩҪȫһ֮ԾҺڵҩˮ׼ġҩƵҩʦһš
ŶֻǺһֱܹнҩģѹᵽϢҩԼϵ裬޲ڡЩҩֱ治Ҳʱ䣬еʮҩģѾʱĳӶʧˡ
Ǭ۾ûлķ˵ĻֻЦǺǵĿڽ͵
ԭûʧҲѷֱ棬ЩҩھҺ֮ѾȫΪһ壬Ҫȫһһֻζǲܵˡ㹻ľҺгɷֵķҪרõС
ķ촽Щź
Һʣô㣬ȶأôȥأҺ䷽е棬ֻôڵҩʦûκһȥƣټҩҲ𽥵ʧѰټԴԺûܹƳȽȤͺ͹ԶȥҪ䷽Ҳˡ
Ǭ۾˵ĺ⣬ķȴ̲ס˷
ֻǸոպôһСķȴѾ鵽Һܴĺô
ԼоޱȵͬʱΪҲĪĺô
͹̬ҩԵֱԪͬҺǶ屾ĵԼʵԪ
ȻĸоȽϻÿ춼һĻôؽԾ
°մǬ۾˵мʮҩѾѰҲķţоӦܹҵҩģֻһЩľҺ
ҩһõĻ°빦Ч
ŴǬ۾ԸṩƷɲ˷ܡ
ķԼģĸǬ۾˱ƣȻԼҲһ
ƺȻķ͵۾ǰľƱСվƺľҺжϵĻҲǵƶѡ
ÿֻٲࡣ
ҲǵһƷƣû뵽Һ븹Ȼ˾ѵЧʱܹúơұܹ֮꣬ͻƳΪʥͽɣ
Ǭ۾ЩпĿűоӨ͸ľҺеʧһš


462 
֮ЩƸУЦˡ
Ǭ۾ܿԼЦͬķ˵һ䡣
ķڴǬ۾Ķ棬΢΢ǷȴǲʺϿ˵Щʲô
˵°ɣ޴Ź˽ͻ뿪ˡȭ𺦣Ѿ˹裬ڵ״̬ƺǼõģʵѾһعⷵնѡȵʱ򣬱̼ɢ
Ǭ۾ٴζƱССһں󣬺һζŽ˵ķԺҪİɣ
ķ΢΢һ̧ͷŴǬ۾Ƿ·һȫ֪һӣʶĵ˵ͷ
ʵ޴ӵһο𣬾жϣǰʽĺһ棬͸ӿ϶뷨ˣȻʼɡ޿ҲܳΪŲյ㡣
Ǭ۾ЦǺǵ˵
ǡʲô˼
ŴǬ۾лķ̲סü
ʱϸĵӳʼһֱڣÿһ顣Ȼ˵Ϊ鷳Ȼ޵Ҫô±ߵȻᾡľȥɡֻҪ飬ȻͲס޵۾
Ǭ۾ȤĿķ˵޺ܸȤǣȥ֮ǰ㻹ûбֳκ쳣ĵطÿһܹϢȷʾ㵱ʱֻһ׼ӵܶѣԴȥĳһʱ֮ȴ·ȫ˸һ㣬һɳ죬ֱڡ
ķıûκα仯Ҳûвκ쳣ķӦֻƽؿŴǬ۾صȴŴǬ۾Ľۡ
ڴǬ۾ܹ鵽Щ˿Ҳ⣬ֻǺ棬Ǭ۾ķʽֱ仯
ΪԽԽڸеĵֻԽԽ࣬Ǭ۾ʶṩһЩǳмֵжݡ
ķӦ֪Ѿ߰꣬ҴǬ̵ġȭʵҲĴУˡϸҴǬҺһǣġԭ򣬴ǬҲ֪һ֪أСһ飬ܹĽֵı仯
Ǭ۾ıԵΪأķûκηӦĵ˵ͷ
˵֪γֵ𣿡

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469 ͻ£ʵܼ򵥣£
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470 һȺ̬

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473 ͻȻֵذ
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ŴЩļҳԽԽڵɫļ峤ǿŭģȴǰˬ
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ķβٴλһȦЦеĽ˵ֻһ֣Ȼ󳹵׵壬飬ǿġ
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ⷬʧ̬ķӦ֤ķ˵ַʽ˶𶯡
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Ȼ֮ǰķѾԤϵ˲Żڸ֡
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ӵ۷εڸֺޱͻأ˲䵲ķǰһԪͬޱͷţֱͬļҼԪԳ
ڸҲͬչֳεʵҶȻԼķֱ࣬ʱս׼
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ķԼıǼ⣬ٴοڣͷȴǺȻ侯ͻ
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474 ûͷûβĴɱ
ͻĴɱķ˲ëֱȫûԤϵļլ峤լﾹȻ飡
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ĳûκڣʩʩȻĽԼ뷨˳
Щļ˶ʱһļҼŵı飬Ȼӵϵ㵵ؿĳ֣ѿڶүүôô
ĳ΢ЦŵıļҼһۺ󣬺ɸֵ˵ǺΪôֵأͰ˵ȥ˭ǲͬ⣬壡ҲһϷ͵ûӣ
⻰˵̫أصļҼȫܲסҪͷ˲ϨޱԹĵķһۺŲ鲻ԸĴӦ


476 
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ϾļұεҪܿҲվ
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ĳҡҡͷεļ˵ķ֧˲ͬԱûжͬУİŭ׵ķԱҵ뷨ʱֳֺпܡļҳĨġ
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һٷǷ֧˶ԺҪϣ𣿡
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477 ֮ǰϣ
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ķͷһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
һȥҲ֪Ҫãܵµ룬ʱ䳤ˣˣҿǻġ
ƶȻһЦȻ㻺ذӣֽķĿȥ
ķֻһůʪĸоʱ̲ס˿
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478 ֮ǰ£
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ԭʱȫľ˰ǬԶȡλϣķһֱĳǱʶĶ̬ƶ
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ҪһᡭȻȥ̹ˡ
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ŵĸоΪ꣬ƶǵһ飬֮䣬Ȥ
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ھιھΣܵʵȻҪܵġ
ΪĴӶ¥˳¥һ¥ѪֺѪһ壬պ׼µһ֡
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ķüʵ
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ҲǸˡ
ķĦ°ͣʵΪʲôļңҪɱңӦкܶǡ
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ķ˵ͷͬѪ˵Щۡ
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һһ䣬ӵĴű򿪣ҶȻ˽
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ķҶȻʵ
ԺѾͬˣҲ˵鲻·ҵľٶȣЧҪԶѧԺ֮п޺õĶࡣȻԺ˱һռָһЩѧԺؼʱ衣
ҶȻͷ˵
ôʲôҡҲѧԺʦòá
ķ߷˵
ѧԺʷ츳ѧڸոѧʱ͹ˣԺ˲ҪͲˡˣԺ˻˵ˣǽԺ͸꼶ѧĽ׶γɼˡԺԼһ꼶Ľ׶γɼˣͿԹˡ
ҶȻ˵ּ꣬һ䣺Ժԭ
ԣһ꼶ɼˣΪʲôȥ
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Ժ˵ˣԼʲôֻǾ˳ۣͨѧԺȱܹѧԱͿԡ
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֮Ժİţصͻȫֻ꣬Ҫʱڽѧ¥ھͺˡȽи꼶ĳɼˣȫ֮󣬺ٿʼԡ
ҶȻƺҲ벻ͨⷬŵĿľʲô
ǴԵأֻҿһ꼶ĳɼֻȥЩȥԵѧԵʦ𣿡
һѯԺЩ𣿡
ҶȻһ䡣
ķʱҶȻԸ񣬶ҲǾȻͷͬҡͷܾȷʵȥѯʲô
˱̬⣬ҶȻûκڱϰߡ
ðɣǾ˵ɣҲʱѡѪӣѪȥʰһ°ɣҸ׳ļңҪõ̫࣬ЩѪֻ̣ߡѪ̣һ㹻еĵҩؼЩҪȥţڵ
ǣүȥʰ
һķԼһѪѪ˶ʱ˷ܵĴӦһ


479 
һá൱ǱվѧԺĴſڣɬĿǰѧԺĸ֣̽εҡҡͷѧԺ
ѧԺͳһ׶Կ˵ӣϵģڿ˵ĵϻѧԺͲôһ㣬뿼˵ʱ䶼
ѧԺع涨ѧԱ׶Կ˵ӣôǾԺ׼ģκɣᱻֱӿѧԺ
ƴĸ·ڿ˵ϻأҲʵ˿
ͷ
ΪڽƷʦڿ˵ϻѧԺҲͨεĽ׶Կˡ
һεĽ׶ԿˣЩȥԽѧԱ˵һ꼶ıҵһͨͿԽ꼶ѧϰ
ȥԵʱƷʦľ翼ѧԺһʱȥȴֻƷ磬ѾѧϰһѧԱ֮УҪڵλˡ
ʲֻ߲ԸŬ
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ȻѧԱУֻã֤ͨһ꼶ıҵ꼶ܻûġ
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Ҳûȥ˽⡭ֻʣԼһѧԺصǺҲ֪ȥԸޱеĿ⡭
ڵľ磬뿪ѧԺȥԺǱʮʱ䣬ҲܹͻƳΪڣȻȵȥ̳ǵĳ֮λ
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˵ͬʱһ§סԵһŮ˵
ŮƺҪȴվûʲôֻǿУһ˿Ρ
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⣬˵Ŀ˶Ѿˣһ൱ûдﵽѧԺҪͱ׼̭ˣֻʮ֮һҡڸ𿼺˵ʦҡ
ķЦǺǵ˵


480 ˳ֶΪ
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ķΪʲôܳΪѧԺʦ׷ʲô飿
ʱ䣬⾭һЩ飬һΪǿڣʱյĻֻҪܹȷһһǿߵĽײ㡣õʱ̫̣ʱûа취΢һ°ɡ
ķ˵ţҲЩɲı飬ǴļƵԴϡ
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֪ʱ﾿ʲôܵзǳܹȫ˳˳̤ľ磬ڸߵĲΣҪԼ컯ˡ㵱ǰǿȲ㣬ҲȻιһҩҲֻܽһƷڵĳ̶ȣٸߵĻкˡ
ķɿԼ֣΢Цļ˵ӣǹ㹻ϵͼֻҪͰĽбˣֻҪ⣬ʲô·
⡭⡭
ķĽͣǻعʶıҪǷлȴһĪǣǷĶ
Ҷ߳ģļҲг˵չˣͲлˣúԽǿ󣬳˾ͻԽġ
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Ȼǣ
ԼǸӲ͵ڳΪڵľӦԼ˰ɣ
ڴ뵽ԵĺʱķȻŤͷһۣȻһ΢Ц˵ѧԱΣȻͨͱ׼Ŀˣûдﵽһ꼶ҵı׼ԱУ쿪ʼܼѧԺ֮С
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ЩΪľ𾪵ѧԱǣٴŴ͡
ЩķĪ˼·


481 ҿ㲻˳
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һ㵵ؿķȫԼݡ
ѧԺ䲼ͱҵ׼Ҫﵽһ꼶ıҵ׼ҪӵƷʦľ磬֮⣬𿼺˵ʦԼ趨һЩı׼ĿǰӵƷʦľ磬ǿǴﵽһ꼶ҵͱ׼ûдﵽҵı׼
ķЦеĿŴ˵
ı׼ʲô׼ſ˵ʱû˵
ɿԼ§ŵŮѧԱЩӲת
Ȼû˵ΪҪ˵ҵı׼ܼ򵥣ǿ˳ۻǲ˳ۡ
ķָָԼ۾
һѧԱ¶֮ɫ
˳ۡ˳ۣ
Ȼظһ顣
û֮ǰҿҶ˳۵ģϾǽ˰ĿΣôҲ˸졣ҿβ˳ۣԱαҵˣûͨ
ķڵ˵һȻı顣
⡭ⲻƽʦҲ˲
ȷķڿЦ󣬴̲ס
κβֱȥԺظңⲢıҽľ㱻ˡ
ķһ˵ţһ߻ң˵ȻͬΪѧԺѧҲָǱ˴֮䶼ܹϵֵܽãϾÿ˵Ըвͬ˺֮䣬ν֮١Ӧлı֮ģ
ķƽûκεˣȴĶԼƺĳϢѹƣ˾⣬ڱԼ
ͬѧ֮꣬Σ߻Ϣ߹ѧԺ񣬶ͬѧ֮ĹϵΪӣ溦֮ģıưͬѧߣΪѧԺݡԣΣҿ㲻˳ۡǴΣҲסˡκٷƵ飬ᱻһУҲᱻͬѧԺѧϰľ𣿡
ķ˵أѧԱʶͬʱ˵ͷ
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ΧЩԭʹվıȽϽѧԱȴǷ׷׺ʹα˾룬ƺεܹȾ˵һ㡣
ȴЩƻãŽЩϤİͬѧȵڲεʼе㲻ŷһС
ֻ䵽˴ԵŮѧԱʱԭãȻɫ
ȭ»ɿ˿תŽŵķؾһ
Ȼ֪뿪ʱﵽ׶ʲô飬ķžȴʵ
ڴе
ڽοѧԺҲǳķڸѡ
˵ЩΪһ˵ǰˡ
ǣͨķļѾܹĸ֪Լڵǹ
ķ˵ֻҪͰȥδҲܹﵽĲΣ
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һиһĿܣ
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ܣôôɿңҡҪȥԺҪҴ޼ӿҲǴ壡˭۸ģ
ԭ·˻һĴκȻת˿ޱȼĴ䣬ƺٸԼһ㣬Խ˵Խȴˣˣһĳ˽š
ǸпܵõϢǴֽͨҵġҲܺɵıš
ŽŵķĮ˵
пԵģ
Ůګګ˵
˻ϣпԣЩ飬һˣûκλͷĻᡣϲ㣬ʱһνϲ֮ϵĸǶݵģΪϲǶݵġֻн֮ϵĸģΪġ
˿ŤͷŮ˵һķңұ׹١Ҳұ֤ԼһӶĺԴӽ쿪ʼֻר䣬ٲῼ
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ĸ꼶ıҵȫȷһҪ¼ȡѧԱķԵٱѧԺĴ㳡ϡ
ѧԺУŻûд򿪣ʱĴ㳡ֻˡ
ԭչѧӦ÷
ķ鷳Ըɴ㽫ϲΪһȡѧˣͳһ̫ɽʱС
һҪյѧԱ첢ûʲôͬϵĲСǰӦԱҲûʲô仯
֮ǰԵĹȥеĻ˵ñҪһʱ䣬ķ˵ĻڶֱӼ򻯡
ֻǻûи˵
ȫȨȻиı俼˷ʽȨ
ȷҪˣ
㣬һһɨŹ㳡ĵ棬ʵ
ѡԵ󣬴һ磬뿪ǡ
ķ˵ͷźʵΪʲôһҪôִ㣬ľ磬ֱԪɷ磬Щҳȫ߾ˡ
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Ȼ˵
ðɡиʣһֱŪסֻ֮ǰ˵ǸܸܲңҲҪˣŪ׵Ļʵǲġ
ķǼ⣬˵ѧԺĵһ죬ĵﱻǸصķӡй¶ԪΣºǺﵽʲôȴҡ֪ڡǷ˵ˣ
ô˵ءٽ֮ǰټֵܣһЩ飬Ҳˣ硭ȸʥʵ顣
ͣԼɨĶĿЩŹֵؿķ˵
ķһȻŤͷ
ţȸʥʴе£´кӦҲֵֻ֪˶ѡǴװֵûκ뷨һȴʵڵġͬȸʥװֶǴԵ߲ɵãҿһĶ࿲Ʊܹߵ۷塣Ϊˡһߡ
ķļ򣬺ɵ˵
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Ųţȷʵ˴ڵġҼܶһſıֻԼеĵӲν˶ʤ죬ԼˣԼաЩˡ˵İţһ⡣
˿ԶѾʼɽϦͣЩд˵
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ջ˿ϦĿ⣬ζĿķ˵Ҳ֪ûо硭㲻ǻ𣿡
ǻģ
ķͫ˲ڶ仰ˡ
һʱ޻ԭ˵ôһ仰
Ȼķ˼仰ʲô˼˾ǣ𽥵Ժ
û뵽⼴ǵʱȴȻٴ仰
ķıһһĳֹĸо
ǻġ
ķظһ顣
ʵҲͻƳԽĲ֮ĸоĲ֮£Ӧ޷֪ġҲ֪ȥݣֻѡķʽ˾һڣ˵ˣոճһ̿ʼѾȷı䣬Ժκ飬ճɳĳ̶ȣҲ˵ǣ޹ء
һЦЦЩ
ûķػĻᣬ˵һʼҲûǻعһϸ룬ƺҲȷʵˡԴʱʼҾͲټŬǶѧԺһЩԼϲ飬ͻƳΪʥͽȻܹΪʥͽע޷ΪʥͽôŬҲá
ʼվá뷨ƺ̫ƫЩ
ķüͷĸΪã˵ӦǶԵġ
ֻǾΪˣҪʱȥ֤׷
֮Ժ˵ЩֻΪܿĸͨ͸ȸʥװֶע˵ĳѡ֮ӲܵãȻ䵽ϣôҿܶʱ㲻ҪǰСΪ飬˶վһߣʲôµأ
ЩƮƺҲЩп
ķͷ룬ڵ֪ˣȷʵӦøһЩˡ


483 
СۣΪʲôһҪμѧԺԣôС϶ǲͨİȹ꣬䵽Ժμӣ𣿡
ѧԺ⣬һЦȰ˵ǰһҲʮŮ
ʲôϵ޷ͨҲζԺͲˡ˱̭֮ҵٹˡ֪ԼʵԶܵǰ˽ܹͨ˵ˣҪﵽľǣҲΪ˼μӿԵʱиף⼸ҲһȷĿꡣ
ΧЩȫʮңһâ¶ŮŮһ˷ɫ˵
ܵļ˶٣ǰֲûƵ鷢ЩμѧԺԵˣͬεٮٮߣκһóܹ֮û㹻ʣֻᱻġ
Ӻε˵
İɣŮʲôʱôˣǶţҲֻҸŬȥܵġ
ŮСһż⣬Ŀӵļ򣬽˵ˣھʱһ˳ģʲôüͷġ
ŮķҶȻǵ·ǸھС
ʱСһķҶȻ¡ȳиСģķҶȻһ·Ǹڶһ̡
ʱȥŮӳһЩȻϵ΢ȥȴѾ˼Ů˵ζ
ټϱΪɫòȺһվǼΪۡ
ߣôμˣΪԼ˭
ӣʦûдﵽɣҲ˼˵Լʶʶ֪ߵغ񡣡
վС︽òͨŮ䡣
Ҳ֪ǲΪСòʺ͵⣬֮仰˵൱
СʱɫǺ죬ҧҪòͨŮۼ䣬ûȿڣѧԺĴȴǱƿ
̫ɽ֮ǰѧԺԣʽʼ
ԭѧԺӵʱЩǰμӿԵ˱һޱȼɫѧ£ѧԺУ԰
һЩͬĳֻҪֵľգ˵£Щμӿ˵˱һҲѧԺ
Щ˹㳡֮ϣķվڹ㳡Ǹ̨ϣӸµĿЩǰμӿ˵ˡ
һֱ˶ߵ̨ӵĽǰķɤӣ˵лλǰμӿˣǶѧԺͬҲǶѧԺЩĽѧĹͿ϶Ǹ˴Կ˵ʦ
ƻվȺУؿ̨ϵķôҲû뵽Լֻ¼ʶѣȴȻ￴ˡ
ȻѧԺʦ
ûͬǰ㣬ΪͬʱνУ̫нɽʱŴԺţһҪԭڡҲΪѧҪô໷ڡҿǷԺѧϰʸһ˲ȷ飬ô鷳
ķһ߿ڽţһ߻ÿһǰμԺ˵ˡ
Ȼκ˵ЩͣҲÿһ˵òԺС
ֻǵƻ۵ʱЩͣ٣ʵҲеСﾹȻμһεԡ
֪ʦʲôʽҵȣ
ǰμӿ˵У̲ס˳
ܼ򵥣˸վãҵѹ±˵ģͨˡǸԵ޾ϵǺܴҪڡǸԵľǷ㹻ǿ󡣡
ķ΢Ц˵
һȺǰμӿ˵˱ָ£ܿźķĶС
˴֮䶼һľ룬⻥֮š
ÿһ˶ɫЩŵؿķȻķᣬվѧԺʦ˭Ҳ֪νѹжǿ
׼
ķ˵꣬˵עϺ󣬿ֲɱȻķӿ
ûκԪı仯Ǵɱ¶
Եƽ̨ǰЩǰ˵ˣԲԶԹûвκβԾĵط
еȴһȫ¶˾ֵı顣
־µ˸̲ס󲿷ֵǱܵھº
ֻмһܹվԭزƣЩˣͬɫЩס
ܺãվԭصˣͨԣ쿪ʼǾѧԺʽѧԱˡ
ķ˵΢΢ͣ£Ŀ˷ǿֲɱӰֻһĻƻϡ
˻ƻ⣬˶̭仹ʮ˵ģԿǲμ괺ԣ伴ģɢȥɡ
ķָŻƻڵλãЦſ˵
ֻһ˲Ĺ˱ȫ˳ķָŵķ򣬳Żƻۿȥ
ƻãȻı飬Լһӳʸ֮ģȴ׹Уԡ


484 Ȼƭǵ
ƾƾʲôʦһûпסԼ壬ѹºˣƾʲôȴҪ̭
бķһԷˣھ˶ݵĴ֮󣬷׷׷Ӧ˹վڻƻ۸Щ̭˶ʱڽе
ԶһЩҲɫƣɫѿĶŻƻ̧ۣͷƽ̨ϵķķܸһĽͣЩ˾Ҫˡ
ҲǻмҵķӦЩ˵ÿѧԺĴԣǺܶ˸ı˵Ψһ취
ܹ룬Ƿƻǰ;ǰԶ
޷룬ͬʱֹ˽޵ĻֻķؼڣһȻʡȴûκΰ취
ÿѧԺĴԣЩǰο˵ʵʹǲʮΪҪһ飡
ƫƫһԣķǸıԵĹ򣬽ԭһϵп˵ķʽͳͳֻ򵥵һѹȥѡúܶͷԵͬʱҲоԭҪϴʵ뷨Ӳ
Ϊѹ̲ס˼㾶ֱ̭֣֪ûͨԡ
ԭڴ̫ͻȻúܶ˶޷ܣƫƫʱ𿼺˵ʦĿŵһһûѹ¼Ůͨˡ
Щ̭ѧԺܹܣ
Ƿ߱ͨ˵ˮ׼ɸ𿼺˵ʦжϵģжϵҲҪǽнֻ͡Ҫ֪Ϳˡʱ䲻磬λûͨ˵뾡뿪Ѿͨ˵ģǵѧȥѧסʰ̡
ķ΢Цº˵ûκҪЩ̭ǽн͵˼
Щ˿Ѿͬһ緢Ļɽ
ⲻƽǺĻ֮ԽѧԺĿеʥأΪѧԺѧΪƽκֻҪﵽʵϵҪ󣬾ͿѧޣѧԺô꣬ʼѧԺһԭ㡭㲻ƻֹƽ
һŮؽе
ƽ
ķ΢΢üɨһеŮ
ŮʱȻֹֻǱķһۣȴͬ޶סһ㣬Ȼͣ¡
ЦˣʲôʱйĹƽǺôҲʮˣȻ˵棿ֱӲѧԺ¼ȡʲôأ
ķЦһһȦЩ̭ˣһģбķɨˣܵƿĿ⣬Һķӡ
Һ˲һҿһǿԶӵʵҪΪźĺδܹﵽǵǰӵеʵֻܹжϳδԴﵽޣ˵ûκ塣
ķƽ̨һֱߵ˻ƻ۵ǰº͵ĿŻƻۣ˵ҵķȥѡѧԺһٸԺܳһʣľʮŸˣڶﲻķʽȥѡѧԺһٸ˶Դﵽϵľ磬ȴܿһ𶼳ˡҿһٸڣҲԶһ塣Ҫġǿߣƽӹ
ⷬ˵Щ̭˷׷׵ͷȻвķǿȴû˸ٵ˵Щʲô
ұǽʲôǵ˵ĻСԺѧԺܵӣǶʵ̫ãԻǼ򵥵˵°ɡ
ķƻ۵ͷ˵СǲһǶѾӵʦľ磬֮ҵѹºˣΪ鲻ǿ󣬾ԵСﻹֻ߶ѣ֮Ժһȫ粻Ƿǿ޹ءʵϣľ֮ͣǾˡ
ķ˵ɣб̭˻֮䶼ЩȻԾ²ȴҲʲô
ˣûĻȫɢ˰ɣͨ˵£ûͨ˵ľУЩֵˡ
ķ˻֣˵
ֻЩǰֵ˵εȴʵ̫Щǵһʱ䣬Ȼʲôûп
˵ûôˣУûпʼȻֱӽˡ
ǵôһʱ䣬ܽԵĿˣͼʲô
ķʼˣЩֵ˷׷׷ȻΪĳѧԺȥ
ôδԣβÿ
Щ̭˵
ķȴǽЩȫ˶߷磬ֻǿŻƻ˵Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪôμӿˣҲε٣ֱӸͨˡͱϾСһѧԺкеĽ̵ȵʮʱһ꼶һʼѧϰ㲻õĸѧϰĽȡ
ǡ㡭ղŸǽ͵ģ˵ǿ𣿡
ƻۺؿķʵ
Ȼƭǵˡ
ķٺЦ
ƻ۶ʱ˵


485 뾩
˱ҵ֮ĵڶ죬ķһϢĳ˾ǡ
ûоκˣһƥѪѪΪķҶȻ顢ԼεĴڸ֮ڡ
һֱʻ˾һ̯ű
ķԤϣ㿴ǬԶĪԬ̵ͬ£Ӳ̯߳ӭ
һҪʲôʮﳤͤ͵ľ籾𣿡
ķЦ˵
ʦԶУӵĵȻҪֻ͡ǰϣܶɼûа취ֻܳ͵͵ǰһ
ǬԶǷ˵
ôõĻʵۣǬԶѾ֮ǰ໰һЩӦΪ˱ֵϵԵʣԴǼҲôϲ˵ЩЦ
ĵĸоֿκڣһķܹоġ
ܹѸٵĳɳҺܸˡ
ķͷ˵
ܹķĿ佱ȻҲǬԶǳܣ˿ִԼóһӣݵķǰ
ʲô
ķӹӣ˳һ䡣
Ϊ棬ǰķΧڿʼ鱨磬Ŀľϣȵñʱ򣬲ڳΪ۵ϹӣܹԸҵڲһȽϸ˽⣬ñгֽϴʧ󡣡
ǬԶ˶٣˵ĶڸڵܵʦĹУҪõǵĵطͨĶͿֱҵǡ֮⣬ҲϣʦḶ́ͨǴݻؾǣõܹʱʱ֪ʦ
ķЩȻźӵͻȻóࡣ
ȻǬԶ˵赭дĶڴǬҪȻԶ
һĶй¶ȥǬʮҪñĴ㣬޼գǸһı˴õĻ֮
֮ҾͰٵ
ķӷԼĿռָУ˵
Żһ֮󣬷һ̽ԵĽʱһǶᱻƣʦӱأҪЭ飬Ҳͨ鱨紫أһһʱƶصľ¼ƻȡսƣȥĿġ
ǬԶ˵
ҾΪԼ飬Ӱ²𡣡
ķûоܾǬԶĺ⣬ֻдӦǬԶķģȴǾҲᶯ
һ֮Ҫͳһ򣬱أУκһ΢Сʧ󣬶пֹһķôΪһ֮˽Ǭľٹ֮ȥġ
ҲжҪ͸㡣
һԵͬóһ壬Ӹķ
ķʶĽӹȻͫһ
ΪⶫһӵĵԵǸ塣
㲻ҷӡĶʲô𣿺ٺ٣ʵҲֻ̫֪ĶӦĪϵģʱƼ⿪ķӡΪǻȥΣաҴܲµ뿪ǣҪȥѰʲô֮ȫ֮ٽ⿪ӡ𣿡
𿪿˵
ķ壬ͬӵԼĿռָУ˵ͷ
ºһĶӦҲǺװйصģֻͨȻ˵ҪȵԼȫ֮ٴ򿪷ӡķȻвʡ
ļҵ飬һһֱעģʵĻȻû⣬ǲʵĻһ㹻Ľѵʵ
ǬԶ˵
Ҳ̫ԣϾһ֮ܶ飬ҪһˮƽҸ׵ѹԭˣʱֱӸġ
ķͷ˵
̯һۿɫʼ½½ĳһ첻ǵˣ˱̸
ǬԶվһ֮ĹʵǷæܻҪϻȥгᣬԿķʧ˹ٵ֮Ϻ󣬱ţϢ»˳ڡ
ȥģ
֮УҶȻķʵ
ķûǰ˵һĿĵأԴӾǳ֮ѪԼѪֻǼݳ˳ŹٵУҪȥʲôطʱö֪
һԡ
ķһ˵ţһȡǸ֮ǰɻģָһĶ
ʱķѾһ̶ȵĸĽ˼ǿԭе̽⣬ⶫϸһЧģԱ̽װãҲбװøӦ֡
Ԫָһװã㿴ָ뿪ʼתķõʱڿռУָһĶûиӦ
ܿ죬ת˼Ȧָ֮ͣķϡ
ǵһվȥܰɡ
ķ˵ţֽǶ·Ż˿ռָģǽҪĽܹռĶ̽鵽ĳ̶ȲС
ȻӦûѣȴò


486 
ܿİ꣬Ȼ֮ǬĹҪϽһңۻգͳԾӣݻգﶼĳ޷İ
ڴǬĹʢܵũ֮˵ʮ֮ڣιеūַƶȣڣӵǿǾŸַ
ΪַسԲΣֱܵ
ʮУԱȽǿʢĴ
ڹƶ£Э泬棬Գʼȱ㹻ֵ
ǺʹǬһֱҪڴǬӴѹʹܵͳνײûʲôԶ־
ӣϮľ󲿷ֶ֡
ū£յȻ㲻ȴҲĶҡ
á
ʱλܱ߾һΪسУľ¥ڣʮдãͬʱ̸ۡ
Щ󲿷ֶŵֹֺһɽʿϢ¶ңռһһϯȻڳĬƣȴ޵ɢΣյϢ
֣ļ½¼˺;ž޿ɽٵԼս˵˭Ӯ
õһϣһһĴؿ˵
ļ½Щһֱһǰ䣬Ŵæأ˵ѾͻƾƷʦĽޣΪʦѾܹɵľˡھž޿ɽЩȻստʼֻͣھƷʦ۷ĲϣȻվвѵļ½ķâ
ƺΪֵһӵĴ󺺣ѯʺЩŪؿ˵
˵Сӵľ¥ҲΪ
ȻȻıһ۵ͷ
λֵǸɣž޿ɽѾǰͻƣΪڵϢ֪˼ӵЦ
Աߵһ͵ϣһؿ˵
ʲô޿ɽҲͻƳΪˣ
΢΢һ㶣ƺϢЩȣӵĴȴɫ΢΢һ죬⳰ζʮĻҪ
û¥ſȴǺȻ߽˼ˡ
Ӧģӵȿ·һŮһСͯģں档
һʿȻû˿Ϣ¶ȴмԨsŵĸо
ǶŮǷɳڣ续
ƹģп𣿡
һ˲ûĳ˲õĽ㣬еһֱߵ˹̨ǰʵ
еģеģﻹһ߰˸ˣ⡣
źСһڵĴ
ļҳɽˮĹӸ簡ȻôƯĹҲˣֱ°˶¯
һ̹¶ķ׳ӹе
ͬͬʱЦŸ
ڸ͵ͬʱȴı˼⣬ſʵȴСĽ䱸
вԣԵһʱӦ
˲ûκαʾ󲿷ֻԹۣС¶ȵ̬ŮӣƺڵȴһҪӦԡ
һ뽭ǳ̬һ·ûͣЪסֶǹ䣬֮ǰ൱徻֮󣬾ҪˡȻ˵֮ϼûʲôĸ֣ڲεǿȻԿɣֶȴǲԺܶʱ򣬻Сĵá
ЦеͬŮ˵ȻûпѹͣȴߣֻŮܹ
ŮȻһ·糾͵ĴӴǬܵķԼҶȻ
ֻ˵СĶѣҲûԼСĵȥֲ֪çһԲϱεڣֻҪǣҲȥ鷳໰
ҶȻķһۣû˵
Ȼǲǵ¶˵ģֻΪЦҪķһܸɵóһЩˡ
ûǷ׳ӵԻķһڵС˽Ĵ
Сǳ˼ŵëųɾڵķºָæĨ˸ˬ
æЩ󣬵СһֺЦݵĿѯķҪЩʲô
ֻ⻰ŸոʳڣǷ׳ƺǼķһûκηӦɵ׳ֱӴλķԡ
һЦĿҶȻСӣģϸСʲô˼ʶʶʲôˡ
һ˵ţ׳ӸֱֳҶȻȥ


487 ̫Ԫ
ۿŷĴ־ҪҶȻգȻ໹ôʮ׵ľʱȴӲƾͣס
ΪһѷĽֱӵǷ׳ӵĺϣ
ѽֵϢ׳ӸоͷһɭȻɱ÷׳˲һ亹
ԭ׳һĽ˵һʱ䷢˲ԣͬʱ𣬵ڷ׳ӱסͷҲ
󡭡ѣȪ֪λ̽ͷûκζ⣬λܷһͬҲмλʲôҪ°æģҲԷԸ
׳ϸϸ˵
ԭֺֻǴʱĽźᣬ˿ҷ΢⻮ơ
ܲѽʲôƷףŽɢĺ⣬׳ȴǶܹжϵĳҲǰ
򣿡
׳Աţм̲ס
ó׳ӹԼͬм˵ⴵꡣ
ӿڳôǳԵĵҲ֪⽭ôģ飬ҪȻֶֻˣǽѵ
ķƽ˵
ųס˷׳ӵİʱӦһһΪû׳κηӦʱ䣬â㻮˷׳
ʴƣͬʱ鶼ķɣһֻѸٵڷ׳ӵ˼£÷׳ӾܶȴκѪ

ޱĲҽͻأ
׳ӵǱֱĵͬϡ
һĶɾ䣬ʮûκһܹ
Ψһ׵ġǰʩչʱչֳľ硣
Ʒʦ
ڽ֮У㲻һ֣ȴҲԳƵǿܼ
ؼǡʵ̫СЩ
ҲʮģȴѾӵƷʦľ硭֮У˭ӵܣ
šȻֻǶŮͯ
Ůʲô
׳ӵͬȻҲչֳľŵˣŷ׳ΪһֱֱֻʹĹ˵ϣȴͬһԭأһ˲õģ
Сֲˣþơ
ķǷ׳ӣֱӿڷԸ
¥Ǿ飬ԾܵСֻһͨˣȴСȫûΪ׳ӵʲô־ķкʱĴӦһȻȥ׼
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¥꣬Ϊͻ򻵵ģҲܻռ⳥ܻµģ˵ûܳñ׬һЩֶΪ
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ͬ״æǰһһҵĲס˷׳ӣһ˻˳㽫׳ӵֻϡ
֫£ʲô£ֻ֮󣬿϶ԭǱһֻ֣оǷˡ
λֶΣɽˮ֮꣡£Ȫˣ
һݻ׳ͬĲ£Щ̼ĳ˴á
֮˲һƬԭֲڣÿһ˶͵۴ķһУ˸ֱѡ˽ˣֻԵһĲȡ
ķȴǰ֮صĶţŤͷӵĴ󺺡
λ̨ˡ
ķ󺺹˹֡
΢΢һ¶һ˿ܳı飬æֻͬ
ھ¥棬̨˵ļ½;ž飬ʵЩȤ֪ܲ˵ĸϸһЩ
ķ΢Ц˵
գգ۾Щɵʵ֪֪ķ飿ǾžˣϵĶԾž֪֮ꡣļ½֮ǰʱһֱΪ¶أԵ֪Ĳ࡭
˵أǶκ鶼ͦȤģҲûʲôص㣬̨֪ʲô˵ʲôˡҲ̨˵ҩǳ͡
ķ˵ţѾһöӨ͸ĵҩͬʱָᵯöɢŵĵҩ˴󺺵ǰ
ǡ̫Ԫ
׳ʶ˵ǰĵҩֻŵҩɢĵ㣬׳ֻþһˬ˶ʱ̲סʧе
ʿҲĵ˿ȫĿضס׳еĵҩβס̰֮ɫ


488 Ȥ
⡭⡭̫Ԫ
׳ŵҩԼǰϸؿ˿ȷûϴʱ캣ˡ
̫ԪǺ׵ĵҩЧǳֱӣʦ޵һΪġ
ȻֱܹС磬ȴһ̶ϵϴ޵ʣʦοԷõĵҩУΪƷһ֡
οö̫Ԫɢŵ㣡
ҩʦϡְҵ֣Ķᱻֻ߹ٷ佭ġ
УҲҩѧͽֻߺһײΡӹ֮
ڽܹ֮õֻ߹ٷõĴ
ϵĵҩǽԻȡԴ
ɢŵĵҩЩ˵ֻǴڴ˵֮ˡ
һʱ䣬ҵĴشϢ⣬ûκαĶ
Ϊ׳Ȼһ˲ִ˹ʶ￴˿ֲЩˣͬҲͬ¶̰֮ɫ
ԥģ׳һţöҩֱӵԼ
ΧһƬУҩ븹С
ҩЧ˲仯Լ֫ٺ׳ų׵ķ
ͨĽ˵̫Ԫ̫Ѿ㹻ñ˶ģڸԼҩһ˻ΧЩһʱвҶЩʲô
һ뿪˾¥֪ԼϮɱ
Ʋģ鵤ҩˡ
ֻг¶ӣܴΧЩ˿ӵ˼
λӣֻһЩϢѣ⡮̫Ԫ꣬ʵ̫Щûô棬һʱûסôֱӳˣӲҪ֡
׳굤ҩæԼλķ˹֡
޷֪Ķ˵ˡ
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¼΢΢û޿ɽ̼Ѫ
ٺ٣ʲôû˵㡣Ĵط˵Χ˵Ҳмˣ㽫ֵ˾֪ɣ
޿ɽʶ΢΢̧̧ӣЦԱǿЩ
¼ԣһʱЩԥ￴˿΢΢ҧ̧Ѹٵ޿ɽ˼£޿ɽһԪȫסֱӵץ޿ɽļԾ޿ɽƥ
ͬʱ˫һУһܡҪسڳȥ
ȷѡ񡣾ǲñЩ飬Ҳܴ޿ɽȥƫƧҰ⣬֪ᷢʲô飬سڡ۹ٷڵطϵƿضô㣬վҲߣֻҪسǣܶ飬Ψֻ̯ô˳Ľس𣿡
ķУۿų¼޿ɽۣ˵


494 벶£
ȻķĻո£¼޿ɽʮ׵ľ룬ӵ·Ե˳бȻµĽͣ
ȫԺڽ棬˳˳¼ˣǱ˴˱һľ룬˳ؿһȱڣ
¼˵УһƷڣȴֻǾƷʦľ硣
·ͻȻĿ֮£Գ¼˲ûнᵽߡ
ӦʱƷѾ嵽ǰ
һ׾ٵ˳¼ϵĳ˳ƽ޿ɽһƷʦȥͬʱһֻѸڳ¼˵£˲ס˳¼˺˫ƥһȣ
Űʹ˻Ʒڱų¼һԾ˳忪˳ȱڶȥ
䣬ʱ䣬Ľͱų¼˺޿ɽ˳
ֱѸٵû˵·ߵ֮У˳ŷӦ˹Щͨ˲䱬Ũ̸ԣ˴ҵ̽
еĽʿҲͬķӦ˭û뵽˹컯֮£Ȼıʡ
ܱͻȻ˭ܴŵıζȴûκһʿڸȥ׷ٺͲ̽
ΪԷ֮һƷڣ
ľڽ֮УѾԵͬ޵еĴڡ
ȻؿջԼһ׷ȥá
û֣֮еķϵ˵
öһɣһΣأ
ҶȻü˵
һ·ڸ֣۷εĴڸ֮һ
ãֻ׷ٺصĻԷҲ𣬶ֵܷңȥ˶ˣ¡˵ļһ²ЩˣôسҲలȫöǱȽϺá
ķҡҡͷͬʱһϢȫٵʱ䣬ĳֱӴ˳ȥ
Ȼؿջڵң۷ʲôҶʱڸϻȥ
֮ܳķ۳ߣƮҶȻĶߡ
ķûκעͬʧ֮УҶȻ촽Żĸ첲˽糣ؿڵѪ֡Ѫӣ߰ɣȻؿջ
˳ûκҪɢȥļһ۵ȥҲûκ˵Ĺע
཭ʿվڹٵߣ˴ƺЩȴ֮ǰǼչֳ޾Ĳȡʲôжһʱ䣬ٵЩϢ
ʱķѾԶ׺Ǽ͡
ֵڵܱ˴˵ľڡСĸ֪Χ֮ڣԷȴԲܿõ
ټķѾеϢȫڣԷڸ֪ϢĴڣҲܷ׷١
֮ûڸָķäĿţкܴİգԷֵսԶԸķ֮ڡ
ԷǺ֮ǰͻϮļҵЩͬһ֯ģôڲΣӦþǶԷܹųģˮ׼ˡ
ϾسǵĹģ֮ǿԶԶ磬ֵطܰˮ׼ĸ֣ô֮ǰļҵϮͲֻǼڴӡ
Ȼǰķжû⡣
һͷıһ㣬ķڴǰţȣûз
ڡСĸ£ķжʼպΧԪԼһ׼ԷܲĴڡ
Է˵ٶȲ죬Ϊ˷׷٣˱˴֮ʼձһ൱ȫľ룬ҼΪвθУƷ⣬˶ǾƷʦľ磬ƮλӶݵĹУʼռ⵽һ൱ķΧ
׷٣Ѿˡ
׹ڼ˵һʱңǰļ˲źȻͣ
ʱѾ߹հŤֵܾڲûдǬ޻ԭֵطҲǸ޵֮
£û̵ġ
ķЩ֣ٺʼĽӽЩͣĵط
ΧûʲôҲûκηԵĽֹԷ൱ģΪܹ׷ٵ
ʵϣķһ·׹⼸˵ôһƬôһطڴ롣
ܿ죬ķгһľݡ
ͨСȷΧȷʵûκķϢѸٽӽľԣһĻľݵݶϡ
Сľȫ֣ķȷľھжˡ
Լ¼˺޿ɽ⣬ľ֮С
һƷڣԼһƷڣ


495 ˵ķ
ǡʲôˣ
¼˵ľڴ˳
ķϢ˵ϢľȫΪһ壬עͨСɢľһУֵֺĳԼԺС
㲻һֱôǳˣȴϲˣ
¼Ʒڿ˵
ǣǽҳ¼
Ȼܲ˼ȷʵˡ
Ʒںʱ˵
Ϊʲô
ܹó¼˵гʹࡣ
ʹķһгʮ꣬Էǳ⣬Ҳͬܡ
ƥ¼ˣҲӡ֮Խǳ¼ţΪһõϢǶǳ¼֮Сֻǿϧǳ¼ȫɱ֮ûѰƫƫʱֵõΪڵϢɻɣǶϡ
Ʒߵ˳¼˵ǰһºЦݵ˵ǽϣܹúϣʡȴǵ鷳ҲٳԵͷ˵أ
ķſľϣһϸţһŬͨԿԪĸ֪ľЩ˵Լ࣬ܵȫԼԺС
ԭˡȻǵʵ֮ǿֱץҾˣΪʲôҪ޿ɽҳնǶһ٣
ȻǵĵͲˣҪģֻǽҪĶǾˡ
ô֪ǾҪʲô
¼ŭ
Ȼܹ˶̵ʱͻƳΪڵĶ
ô˵ʵҲҪʲôڶ֪ԼҪҵĶصĹܣ
ô⣬ȰΪ˶ƭǡȻǲ֪Ҫҵʲôа취жα
ķſţͨ͵ݣԽȷЩ˾ԼҪҵЩˣ
ʱͨСϢĸ֪Щ˵ľκòҲڳķԺС
Ʒʦĳķʱɴ۾
Ϊһм
ֻһҪȴʱţԵ곤һЩҲӳһЩ
ġϵ
ķ˫ۣԺԭѾĻ˲飬̫Ծ޷ټַȫ״̬
ҺΪɱֵʱ֤ķޱ𾪵״̬£Ҳûгκ쳣ķӦ
ǳϸ΢ʧ󣬵Ϣ¶¾ͻᱻľڵ˲
Ϊһͬһɱ֣
֯ɱϡ٣˴֮£ҲǾԲ֪Էݵġ
ΪĳһԵʣķɱֽйݵĺɱҲһУںɱΨһġ
Ծܴʱ˵ϢֻƷңķľȴ֮ᵽߡ
ܹԺΪɱ֣ڻֻڵľ磬ЩɱֵֶҲȻżġ
ҳ¼ţǣٺ١̫𣿰
¼Цһһ仰û˵ֱ꣬ӱ˺ѷεĲҽС
ķ˶±˫ۣԺйľڵĻ
Ʒһֻڳ¼˵ļϣϸº͵Цݡ
ڳ¼˵Ĳҽȥ֮󣬿ڵңкܶ취ʹԲνͷӲܼȥģ˵ľܵļޣܵʹ೬ޣҳϵķô˭ᱻĥȫڿͷʹУֻ
Ʒһ˵ţһ߶˳¼˵ǰЦǺǵļ˵кܳʱԺģ㰤ƷȫֶΣ˵ʵҲΪ˷ʱֵõģǺβһٳԵ࣬ҲܴﵽԼĿꡣ
˵Ʒڴڳ¼˼ϵԪӿ¼ٴβҽ
ʹ̫ң¼ϵļⶼ˾ε
ķ˽ЩֶΣⶼǺ֯ڲõ̷ķЩɻǣ֮ǰЩˣԲǺ֯ɱ֡
ͬھͻϮһ̽ˣҲǺֵˡ
߳¼˵ˣûжֳԱϢ
Ժ󽫳Ϊ𼶵ɱ֣Ϊʲô
ѵ˵صĳ¼ңȵʱļңܶԷӣ
ķͣ˼ʱ򣬳¼Ѿɤӣ˳ʹĺҲɤӿԽܵĽޡ
Ծܺеʱ䲻㳤ȴúЩˡ
ôǵΣ
Ʒڻ˻Գ¼˵̣ԾЦݵ˵
¼˵ͫЩɢĴ˸󣬻ĵ˵ͷ


496 
¼˲ûн̫ණʵϣԷץԭҲκ鶼ûȤֻҪνá
Ե¼˰Լһ˫۵ѥ£򵥵ĽһƷڱͷʾ¡
ԵƷڶʱóķǸϸĲ̽һ
ǲԶķĹģȻжһķΧȴûа취ֱָĳһȷеĿꡣ
Ȼֻһָ򣬶Ʒ˵Ҳ㹻ˡ
ΪƬ˼ȻָƬΪģôȻ¼˽ѥӣϿȷԼҪҵĶ
˫ѥԪһ̽ƷĻȥ
ȻԾ޷ٷ֮ٵȷϣȴѾ㹻ܹĸʡ
жϵĳ¼˲û˵ѡ
Ʒ鲻ҲûټΪѳ¼ˣֱ̧һ˳¼˵ϣĽͣ͵˺Щͬȥĵط
λˣȻѾԲĽˣǴӦҵĵҩؼǲǸöˣ
ų¼ûϢ޿ɽֻ֣һı˵
ȷʵǽˣ㽫¼ҪҲֻΪ˿¼˵ı󾿾ûбڣȻ֤ûСôҲȥˡ
ƷЦЦ˵ͬʱͬһϢ޿ɽϡ
ڶ̫ͻȻ˵ͬʱͻأ֣ټƷȻǳɱϢ޿ɽûκε׼ֱӱһ
ֱϢȫʧ޿ɽϻŵı飬ƺ޷ƷھȻ֡
Ҳ֪֮ǰԷͨķʽ޿ɽ˵š
Ʒڵľٶ֮ǰ¼˴ԱýһЩķͨԪĸ֪Ĳڳ¼˺޿ɽֱɱ󣬼ȫý䱸
ǲһģ
ķһͷ
ԭڳ¼ѵЬӵʱķҪֱӳȥѥߵĳ嶯
Լĵĳ䲻£ɹĸʵܴﵽ˳ϡ
ķվסԳ嶯뷨ǵѥߣǷݾߣ³ͻȻ£Ҳûаսľȫɱ⡣
Ϣ©ôڽѼװԻɾ޴ĸӰ졣
ϸ˼һķǾٵȵȣ䡣
ڿⷬȴȻһȷѡ
ˣȻѾˣôһʼĳŵǲӦøǽҩˣ
ǿƷڿһ˵
ҩ
ԭЩǱҩŵġ
ô˵Ļ֮ǰҹϮԼҵЩˣܿҲ
ֻǲ֪Է˶ˣЩ˵ĺģǺ֯εԱ
ϾķǳȷԼһûнӴƵ飬һѾΪ˺֯ĺĽײ㡣
У׻жԼ֪ܣ
ҩȻȻҪǽҩ
ƷЦеַ˻У˾ɫͳһСƿȻСƿӸΨһڡ
ӹСƿڴƿŵԼıǿϸţȻɫԻЩ
ζȷʵǽҩƺȫҩζжϣҩӦ޷֮ȫɾ
ȻһЩҪȥ죬ֻȸһĽҩȵһɣȻὫʣĽҩһǡڸǵĽҩſѹסڵĶ֮ڲõһҩеĶؾͶԽˡ
Ʒڵ˵ͷ˵
޻ɣ˵ͷ󣬽ƿеĽҩָˣȻһ𽫽ҩ˶ӡ
ôҪȥ
½ҩҪѯʣɻ˵һ룬ȴȻֹ
ţոճ˽ҩͬʱ忪ʼ־Ҿε
ķĸ֪У˵ѸٵŤҳڻļ󣬽ֻǼʱ䣬˾ӲĻһ̲Ѫˮ
ǡ
ķȻ뵽˺֯еһ޽֮䷽
޽֮ûнҩ䷽⣬ԺܶĺҩûʲôҩûнⶾĹЧ̼ж֮ڶطӦӾҡ
صǴʱľڷ֣жֱ֮ӻһ̲Ѫˮ
ڶԹңֺѰҵĽҩ䷽űΪ޽֮
ʣµɣǵòҪκκۼľҲҼֲȴŶȥ⾿ǲҪҵģûȥ֪֮
ֱȫѪˮƷѥӣͬʼûʲôڸеƷڿڷԸһ䡣
Ȼת뿪ľݡ


497 ͵Ϯ
ķһſľϣԺһ߹ľƷڽеĻʬ𼣵жһ߷ֳһעȷƷ뿪·ߡ
Ź˰ҵʱ䣬ȷƷѾ뿪ıȽԶ֮ķϢĴľϻ£Ĺ򣬱˳Ʒȥķ׷֮С
Էٶȼ죬ȻβڱߣƺûиƷʲô̫Ӱ졣
ķжϳ˵ϸ΢ʧ׷ٵĲ񷽲ôɡ
Էٶվûгķ׷ٵļ֮⣬˵ľ룬һһ̡
ķûκαΪȷԷǷӦͬ顣
ӷŶԷڵľٶȻߵĶѾ˶ԷĿģ޷ھͽԷĻҪȥץסԷβͣϣǳãˡ
ʮӵ׷٣ķڿ˶ԷӰ
ܲԷΪʲôҪӶݣȻϵʱԽãԽǲ׷˶Է֮ķԥѡֱӳ֣
˫ȭͬʱȭޱµӡֹˮȭȴǸٱĴܽ
ڡСĸ֮£ķϢʼպΧĻΪһ壬һֱ˳ھƷֻҵľ˫ȭȭĳ֣Ʒŷ͵Ϯ
ϧȴѾˣ
屾ܵıҪϣԶ͵ϮĹ֪ΪʲôûȻһ
ƷڶپδӦԣķǴܽһȭͽʵʵĺĺϣ
̼䣬ƷڱоһӶŵı飬ȻʹһƬհ׵ʧȥȫʶ
͵ϮḺ́ķҪ˳׷ٵʮӵʱһֱڻһƷڵȫӡ
ܵʱƷѾӵĲΣٸߣһЩϰԵĶܲжٱ仯
׷ٵʱķѾȷԼӦĶȥӽͻ
Ĺ˶ԷпܵġʶķӦô˴ͻϮ˸ɾ䡣
ƷڱԼһƴֱӱڵһ룬ڵϺɻͲӵı顣
ȻķĶʵ̫죬Ʒûüֱֲ
ȷƷѾ͸ķһƤӣȻӴó˫ѥӡ
еĽָٴ˱ȽԵķӦķ˿ֽѥҲӵ˿ռָС
˿Ʒڵʬ壬ȴЩŹֵĸо
ʮ󽫺һΪ֯ɱ֣ǿߣʱȴڻûȫɳ֮ǰԼϡ
Ҫ˵ûҲǲܵġ
Ĭһķڵʬϸһ飬һרں֤֯⣬ʲôûҵҲûпռ֮ĶǸȻһˡ
Ǹ֤֯ҲǷǳ۵һ֤˵˿϶ʲôǺ֯ڲûдﵽɱֻ֣ںдﵽһļ֮ϣܿó⾹Ȼݵ֤־
Ϊ֤˺֯һǳεķ֧
һеķҲڳΪɱ֮󣬲֪˻ôһ֧֧ȴǺ˽⡣
üվԭķɫ΢΢һ䣬ԭҪûʬˮǰƷڵʬ廯뷨ٴδȭȭ罫Ʒڵʬ峹״˸ϡת˳ʱķȥ
һʼķĴ׷ƷڣȻٷȥʣµƷڣɴʱ˿̣ǾҪһٵĺá
ķȥֹ֮ȥ˲һʱңӰɵ
ڿƷڵʬͬʱɫ䣬һǰ׵ʬϣһĶʬϸļ飬һ͵شܳѰκοܵĺۼ
꣬ѰҺۼ»ص˼ʬ˵ԣǳص˵ֻһ˵ĺۼԼһͻȻըһ㡣
ʲôؼɵ˺Щʬ屻һЩҰ޿ʳֻܹµĿһЩԭ˺ۡԷؼӦþڻԣεµ֣Ϊûκδ򶷵ĺۼһģҪôεѣҪôҲôﵽʵĲΣ޷
ʬ˺ü˵
Щ죬ӦѾˣȴ˰;غڲȷǸΪ֯ڶǡܹԼĺۼȫȥɲǾ⣬ӦķţҲһ㡣
ϱɡĿǰѾЩǿԴķΧˡ
á


498 ȵһ
ķһ·ޱСĽ֣ܳʼգһֱάšСſ״̬ͨΧԪͿϸ¸֪ʼսԼжȫĺΧڣ¶ֵܱΪۼ
Ȼļ󣬵ķдܳسʱȫѾȫˮ͸
˿˲佫һĺˮɣķϢĻڽǵȺ֮Уûκע½سǡ
֮Ϣķͬسһͨ·˰㣬Ƶ˳ŽֵǰС
ڼθıǰеķ򣬼ۣŻصǾסĿջ֮С
˺ҶȻסķ󣬱㷢Ѫ֡ѪӡԼ䶼ͬһȴ
ڿķ˷֮󣬼˿
ôõ𣿡
ҶȻʵ
ѾõˣЩǣˡ
ķ˵꣬Ťͷ˶䣬ʵڵ鶫ɽϱǼʱûʲôֵķ֣
ֵķָ֣֣
ü˵
ǬԶ֮ڸָķԣΪʵǿ۷εĴڸ֮һͬʱҲΪڶɽļϮϱǬ۾ǰ󣬴Ǭ۾ŵȥµˣǶ䡣
ΪεĴǬ۾ǬԶȻ֪һЩ֪䰲Ÿķԣܹķİȫ⣬ķҪʱʱܹ˽Ǭϵĵȡ
һδǬ۾ѾǬԶλӦĵҲûֹڵϣǿ
ķȻǺ¡
дǬĵȥԷעķڰܶͻ᷽ࡣ
ͻܵأɹؽԷѾֵװغ
ԷȻֻڻҺܻɣԷĻΧܱܿ鼰˹ҪķѵǷǳ˵ġÿһɵĵطֻǰڲεǿߴӣҲȻǳⱳƱҪһߵĲͳһָӺͰţⷽ棬ʲô𣿡
ķһ˵ţһ߾ֱߵǰԼһˮȻһ
˵
ºЩȷ˵
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ǵĵ鲢룬۾ڽӵ˶ɽ֮󣬱һʱ´վʱȽ϶̣ܹ׷ٵĶޡ˵Щ˱ӦһͳһָӵһȷʵԼĲ鵽һЩЩǳʣָš
ôʣһЩԼ˼
ʲô
ķüʵ
֡
˵
Ȼ
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˵
ǬҲ鵽˺֯ػ飿ʲôʱ鵽ģ
ķüͷĸΪһгΪɱ֣ʵķûо֪顣
ص飬ȫͨһЩ˿ԼƶϳĽ
ķķӦƺµķЩʲôڽ͵Ժ֯ĵѾܶˣں֯ڲ˽⣬Ҳ̵Ƶġ˵ĻҲĲ鵽ɽϱǼ飬ȻԼк֯ӰСǷһЩЩҲ̫ģʵȷȻˣ۾нȻ㡣
ķĬһϸ˼һſڵܲܰǵ鵽ģǸػȫҿ¡
е鵽ϢԾܵı׼ڻʹ֮Уȷʵ֪ҿԿ
ͷ˵
ãѪ֡Ѫӣȥ£ǲסջˣڳһլݵ⣬ϵȥȻֱӻٵɡýͰ꣬ʱеýʡӡ
ǣү
ѪֺѪӶһۣܶЩãȻǴӦһķƺЩУֱӳ˿ͷ
ôˣı˲鵽𣿡
ҶȻʵ
һһɣȷʵǣ֯ôڵѵֵڲȷЩں֯˵жôҪҪú֯Ըⲻϧһд۵ĻôȻǼǬļһȺηɱ֣Ҳ᧿Σ롭ȵһȣ֯ķӦ
ķ˵


499 ˼
Ĳµʱķһ˱ʼͣسС
ӿջ˷ֽϵ˳ٵ֮ѪԼѪӱڳԸ߼һլ
ȫסȥ֮Ѫ֡Ѫӣڶ䶼ķ˳ȥ
ǵܼ򵥣ǱڳУעǷк֯ˣǰ¼Լ޿ɽ֮䷢顣
кܶ©ķΪᷢʲôΣա
ǶԷѾ󵽶СسҲžϸµĿȻǲܵġ
ҲԷӵôֻ֣˵ı£ҲҪ޿ɽôһˣȥ̽¼ˡ
س֮УתӦܹץһЩõ
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ֿС֮СľѪԼѪ־Լľĵ̣ͬĺɱֱЩ࣬ڰȥ׽һЩûκġ
ƫƫȴʲôûз֡
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Ȼµʱ䲢ǰװ˷ѣķҶȻ˵ľ綼ͰƷﵽƷڡѪѪǿʼľ緢
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ͬʱµʱķҲͨǬܵõһЩڼϢ
ͨܵмŴݵʵһּԴ˷ѣķ֮⣬Ҳȷʵַֻͨʽ֪֮ڷ顣
ڼ֮УϸĽһЩķ뾩֮ǵľƱ仯
˵ûʲôı䶯żʼսǬ϶£ȫڼΪЧת֮С
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ǣʱκεìܺͲᱻ׵ѹˮ֮£ڴ֮ǰܸˮ档
ЩϢķԼҲƲĳʵϲǺܸȤķ˼ǣļµʱֳЩĳĬͰ˳
ļҵԱʼǣ𽥶ԾļҵĲҵнֺƿأԤ֮иеķЩʹİӣȴǲûгֶ١
еļΣҲֻЩļұĵײԱﲻƽԷΪ
ڳ֮ļұȱӦķӦͲĳ֡
Ȼֻ¶ѣļҶھļұͬԼƿأȴǽеļΪ˳Ͽ˵δκε谭
֮£Ĳټ˶ھ֮ǣϹܼ⣬ļǿѪ̣ȫ˾ǡں˴ǬǸԱĥ
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ļұڿ϶˻᲻ģӦòļұ߲Щ˵뷨
ĿǰľǳֻҪǬԶλôļļұľͲᷢκθı䣬ԶļұѡǷǳǣҲǳġ
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ͬʱѪȫɣǾ޴ļұʵѪеսļұƿصûа취ȵģھǣܹ𵽵Ҳܴ
ȫɣѪͬʱҲ͹һЩգļұЩʼղֵΪ˻ᡣ
ȻԼĸ׻ľķţڻʹ֮ڵ֧־١
ļұҪ£ôԤǣȻĺܲҡ
Ҫ뿪𣿡
ҶȻŻԺɹ̫ķʵ
µԣķѪȥһլӣǲôֱá
ֶڵķ˵Ҳûʲô塣
£ûеȵκοɵˣȻˣҲͲüȥˡվҪȽϺãȻȷ˴ҶѰͬĶôܹץסβ͵ġ
ķһϣɹ̫˵
֪ΪʲôЩĽһͻȻҶȻĻ˳ֱӴܵķĶϡ
ĿѾȫΪ˸ָĵҩҲ仯ٳһЩĻҶȻҲ޷ټڻˡ
ǽȥģ
ҶȻ˫ۻʵ
ķվԼϵĻһۣӿռָóǸ̽
µĿ˿һָ
ܻʶ


500 
ķ˳һƵĸոճسǵʱžװĽǰŵĽس֮ڡ
ͶŶң˿ǵĳࡣ
ͺɢϢȥжϵĻӦˡ
彣ĽʣϿһǲϰʹⲫ֡
سÿ춼нϰͽĸ˲ûκ˵ע⡣
ڽس֮кһţ˴˱һַǳصľ룬ܿޱɢţĻܹķ֣˵ľͱ˴˵վλʼմڿԵһʱ˴˳Ԯһͬ״̬С
ҺȻǣĸ˲Ϊֻ߽Űڳվλ˴ľ룬ӦѾ˹еʶΪˡ
ķҿĸ˻ͻһʱ䷢֣˵վλǺ֯УΨһһרɱվλʽ
Ҽں֮֯ڣܹǰһλѾ뵽˱ܵеģҲ֮٣
ȥ¼˺޿ɽļ𣿡
ڽϿĿĵǰţҺ󷽵ĽͺȻʵ
ȥĸ¥ͬСسǣ¥ʳͺ͵СϢΪͨ
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µʱ䣬ϢͨˣǶѾѺܶҪϸˣȥѯʲôá
󷽵ĽЩ˵
ִͷ磬ȷֱ飬ǼЩΧԱε飬ʧһǱ޴ĺĳԱŭҲܰĸɳ
ͷĽͿ˵
ߣݷϢԷܹѴ֮ĻɱƷڵǿߣܹλĳԱڱɱ֮ǰ㷴Ӧˮ׼ҲǸƷпʡĲΣѾЩΧԱܹļˣȻҪִµʱ䣬֯ϲ㣬ԽԽˡ
ǰĽͺǲм˵
漰ȨĶͲٱνĸЧʣΧԱЩչķ֯Դож˸˵Ŀڴ˭Ҳ˵ֻҪʼճȥÿһʱ䣬ôĽչͿһֱ˵õ޴档浽жǣڣҲö֪֮󵰸⣬˭˭ҪΪܻǣˣʵ̫ˡ
ͷ̾˿ε˵
ΧԱ϶˵ΪʲôǱ߻Ҫ˲ǵľļΧԱ϶һͿʲôô
ǰĽЩ׵ʵ
ǲҪϣҪ˱һ̬ȡǱǶǣ棬õ̬ȡ鱾ʵ˵Ҫ
ͷĽҡҡͷ
ǡһǱޱȾ޴ĺĳԱĳԱԿ϶ò˶ʱ䣬֯һεǿߣ
󷽵ĽԵЩ
Σǵǿĳϣʹһߵÿһˣڴֵġ
ͷ͵Ľͣ˶ЩɥһʱĳĬ
֮Һ󷽵ٴοڵǡϴεĵ飬н𣿡
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ʱķδ뿪سǵĵؽ硣
ǳҪسǸϵܻʶҲٵ·Ϻķһҵʱ䡣
սֻۣٶҹ̣ôӴǬı߾ͻ뵽ܻʶֻҪ죡
ķԼһֱҪȴ˼ǲ֮ڣΪؿŵ·߿ɼһЩũׯ
ʩеūƣԵӵũׯĸһ㶼ṺһЩū
Щū۸ܵƵУҲûκȨ汣ϵһȺˡ
ԻūӵǣὫЩūǵȥܶʱѹեıʹڻ
Ϊ¡һͨūļ۸ȷʵһͷţ
ķŵģЩũׯϣڼŵūǣЩūУķֻľż޴ʱŻֵһ˿ޣ֮⣬
ͻܻʶ֮󣬿ͨЩūһ¶ϵĵ߸ܶʰо֣Ӧÿ̵ʱĽܶƿС
ķһĬĬţһ߿ν뷨ֽ棬γһʵеļƻ
·ܵЩͨܵؾǡ
ȻȷǷãȻܾڣһЩԼ뷨Ҫ
Ժ϶ҪģļҵĸȴʼڴǬ֮Уܹкô飬˳һûġ
ҪҵĶжټ
ҶȻѯʴķĹ۲졣
ķ΢΢һ󣬿ڵӦûĿǰֻȷܻʶһϵ̽ڼЩʵǲ̽


501 ֮ʼ
Ҽǵ˵̽Ҫ̽ⷽʽƵġȻˣѵͨĵķʽ̽̽𣿡
ҶȻʵ
һԵĶʵû˵ЩʲôȻǴǬҵĸͬȸʥʵװֶ¾еЩܶΪ֮ͷѪʵԱ֤νջ֮£᲻ᶯҡ
Զ֪ޣֻ֪ķ˴ҪѰһЩҪЩʲôͲ֪ˡ
ķҶȻҲӲǰѻ˵̫͸
ҳϿԳһջ
ܹðգȻǲðյĺá
ĳ˵ķԡ
رΪɱ֣̫֮䣬ªһ档
ӦǿԵģҪ̫ʱȥоȽܹ̽⵽ĸ㵽֣ȻȥɡܾãƺЩδֵܡЩҵĳĲС
ķͬ˵ģҶȻҲö
һļƻãŵĿȥңʵЩĸо
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ٺ٣ʲôʱʵû̫õİ취ǾóһѾҵĵն˳ҵԷġֻڻУԷӵе֮ǿ󣬿Զҵûĳɳ֮ǰֻǻδ
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˴ʮ׵ľ룬ƾš
ɽڣȻԪڣɽ֮ϵԪ굽ƺҪγɾҵԪ籩һ㡣
ͻأı仯ʹӷڽŵսжϣһȽϰȫľ룬ͬʱؿɽı仯
ĴһҪö࣬ټԪ쳣Ũ־춯صǿ߲֮УԶľҲǱȱȽǡ
ɽ֮һ
˵ʥͽһ뵽ɽڣҲĿܣʥͽ֮ͻƣϣɽѡ
ԸڽսĵصѡɽԵģԶǿߣȻ֮УҲ඼ܹеóš
ֻǴʱ˿̣ɽͻأı仯֮еһȴɫͻȻޱѿ
һȻҲüͷɫȴĴһ˿ֻ
˾ʥôһرһı飿ɽı仯㲻Ӧø˲ŶҵļûĻմ˵أɽı仯֣֤ʥװӦѾͻλ˰ɣôĻɵĻ
ԭüӺȻüͷչΪŵĿɫѿ˵
˵ֺⷬȻһȻı飬˵Ŷԣӣûлˡ˵ʥװѾӵ߸õˣʵˣʥװ˵湦ܵģϱλȸʥʵװƺܹΪ棬ֱӸıһʣԼֱʵõĻֻҪϣôҲ˰ɣ
죡ʥװһ´ңѵ˵Ǻ𣡡
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ڿӣ֮ǰķ޻ԭżȴǡɾһ
ٺ٣ȻֻҪʥװ䵽˵Ǻ¡ڱ˵ϣֻ´Ҷѡ䵽ϣ˵򶼻ֱӱ˼
ɫһ࣬Щҧгݵ˵
ߣֻѣ鲻˭Ҳ޷϶ĴѾʥװϢǴ֮ʼȻע˵飬Ǳ˭ӲȥҡΪ֮ϣάֺܳʱ𣡡
˾ʥ˵
ʲô˼
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ȻʥװĴ˵ֻĳһ֮ϴ֪˲١֪ʥװˣֵܵջ󡣼Ȼʥװ֣ôȻ취ȥѰҡ֮ȷʵޱȼ̣ҲΪҪĴʵ̫󣬶ǵòʧ顣Ȼǣʥװá᲻Ը۸ĴۣҲҪϴƣ
˾ʥЦһ
ͬʥװֶԵ߲ܵõǿıȡֻǴѵֵ𣿡
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ǵȻܿףƬ֮£֮ϣ˭ĸԸνң㣬ѵĸ𣿡
˾ʥıǳ
ȴǲĳĬȥ
սΪֹ״Ҳû˼ƴˣһսֻ浽ǸʱĿ϶㣡Ϊû֮⣡
˾ʥ˵꣬һҲ֪ʹʲô˾ֱƾʧ
ĬĬƯڰյУûκҪ˼ϵıһƬӡ


502 ٷ
ٷλܻʶϳǱԵλñȽƫƧΧסִ󲿷ֻͨƽٷݵԴʼһ㣬ŵʶڵУҲһֱڵļʮϡ
ٷһ۷ڣϳǱԵһƬҲǸ쵱
˵ֻѾڵĿʱпͻƳΪֻʱȴѾάʱ䡣
ٷӵﵽ۷ڲʱʮͷͣӲϵѾʮ١
֮ʵǷǳ顣
ٷ绪Ϊ츳Ⱥˣʱľһֱڿͻ״̬˵׼ʲôʱƿпܿĳһϣۻѶٵҲ޷ͻƣʮʮʱ⣬ԭΪƽӹȻȻˡ
ܹɱΪǿߣ츳ȫȫͷųˣվ֮١
ԾٷʵܴϴﵽƷڵľ磬ҲȫиһĿܡ
ЩȽϤٷ˵ǵٷⱲӶܳΪˡ
ͣѾĥƽٷȫһͨ˰㣬ûжٽȡ˼
޾ڵٷԼݵĳɼ
ܵū壬ʹͨƽҪһ֮ףֻ·ߡ
һľ٣һȻ١
ͨƾٿԣӶΪĹͨƽⱲĳɾ͡
ãܹΪ٣ڷ粨ĳ֮ʼձ׼ȷվӣôܹ쵽һϮݣӶİѰ
ľٵ·ȥҲᣬֻ˵ͨƽҪμٵĻΨһİ취ǰǳڶῪݣ֮ڣѧһ£Ȼ֮ǰμӿƾ١
ܿУȻǰ;һƬǲٱ޷ͬľǰ㣬ܻ縴ؿֻһֻܵһͨյʵ
ٱľٸӲпᣬеĸʸͣԸһ·ˣʵࡣ
Ͼĸ䣬Ҫѧ䣬ĻѾԶѧܱȡ
ںܶͨƽյļͥ˵һѧĺӣҪҵġ
ٷȴЩ֮еһࡣ
ݣٷȡķֻݷõ֮һ
ЩûϽܹ֤ճõת޷׬ȡκζ
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ҲΪˣٷʶ֮ÿǰٷݱѧԱȴ˿ѷɫǰʮЩ
ȻǱƴѧԱʵĻǾҪ˦ֵľˡ
һĵ糿ٷһ֮ڣֻʣһµʱˣٿʼ֮ǰٷҪԼμٵѧԱǣһЩרŵָ
ٷݵѧԱμٵóɼҲȡջԵʸѣһڻ֮ܣûܽ
ٷ˶и
ʼռţֻҪ֣лر
Ѿ۷꣬ڼ˶ΪܹΪԼȴʼûзһ
̤ݵĴţԺӣֱӽݵ
ѾмʮѧԱѵȻ첻ݣٷĵ˵ͷ
һȦȴȻһİף켣ǼʮѧԱ֮УһѧԱš
֮ѧԱһʱٷע⣬ΪѧԱĶܿѧԱûʲôٷȴܾЩͨѧԱİ׵һһ·ĳС
ٷ΢΢ü̧ѧԱȥ
ٷеѧԱɵȫͣڽŵϰ׷׳ٷͬʱڴݳã
ٷ˵ͷֱߵЩŹֵѧԱǰѾֹͣ˶ѧԱɨ£ųоֵѧԱʵʲô֣
عݳҽķ
ķѧԱ𣿡
ǣŸոݣҪΪܹμһºٿˡΪҪ٣ͱҪݵľټŲС
ٷùŹֵİףǾһµİ棬ǰŸմسǸϵܻʶķ
Ŷʲô磿
ٷʵ
عݳƷʦľ磬ǼҴĹ򡣡
Ʒʦ
ٷ΢΢ЩԾΪŵٷУûгǰѧԱﵽ߳ƷʦģһҲֻ˶ѡ
ˣٷˣϣУܹΪٷʷһλʿ
ΧЩѧԱҲǷ׷¶˳Ծı飬̬仯ΪŵģȴǷһֱķѧԱ
ΪĹУȫûзķȻӵбߵľ硣
ãǽɣٿʼʱֻһˡ׻˵ĥǹҲ⣬ٵĽǵˣúŬɡ
ǣݳˣ


503 ѧԱ
ǸķѧԱʲôͷ
ٷԱߵһլٷ米˫֣һ߶ŪǰŵȦһֻ˿ȸһ߿ʵ
ٷվһⷢӣͱٷ绹Ҫ׳˶һԪΧɢϢƷڵǿȡ
ٷݵ̹ܽ٣ڳٷĵڶ֡
ҪݵģƷʦľ磬ʵҳֺܴ󷽣ֻϣṩһƼţԱ֤ܹμһº٣ұӦ
Ŷֺܴ󷽣ΪʲôȥЩǰݣݣ
ٷֹͣ˶תüʵ
ݳҲ֪ǰʮݣɲǮܽġܹеĳŵݣ˭Ǹӳɼܶʱٿʼ֮ǰһʵûдﵽһĲ֮ϣݶμ٣ЩݸӵģѧԱϰʣάݵλĸƷʦˮ׼ҲܱΪӢȥЩϲεݣܱ֤ܲõƼţǲ˵顣
ٷݵ̹ܽһЦ˵
ٷĬ£εҡҡͷʵ·鿴ɣǺڻɣ
ģ·ϸļģû⣬ķˣǡǵѧԱоһģҲרŸѧԱЩӡʲôģûд
Լ̹ܽ˵Ŀ϶ٷŵ˵ͷ̾˿ڵϧ֪ʲôʱݲܳһʿⱲһҪ£һͻƳΪڶǰƫƫĿǰһûɡ

ķȻƷʦ㿴Ӧûʮɣȴһ߳һƷҽ궼ʮˣֻƷʦ̹ܽٵ˼ⱲӶܳΪڣƽҲûκϣԺҲܸһЩȨ󿴼һԺɡ
ķѧԱٷߺΪؿķ˵
˵ԼʱѧԱȴ˲ͳȥƺԼĽ˱۵
ĻǳʵԿóĿġΪʲôԼôûģ֪٣Ȼ״ԪٶҪӵڵľ磬߰ƷʦϣϽʿˡƷʦľʵĻƷС࣬Ӧò󡣡
ķûнӲԼĻ⣬ֱתѧԱϡ
ѧԱڣѾʮˣٶʮޣȴֻƷʦľ磬츳ʵֻ˵Ƿǳһ㡣
ƷС࡭˵ɣֻһƷľ࣬ҲӮ
һûı˵
ǿɲһľ࣬Ǵ󾳽Ĳࡣһڴ󾳽в࣬ôɡȵ𵽾ԵáСĲȴȫͨȥֲĶֱǿٶȸ죬ҲֻܴܳҪļܹγȫѹƣսȡʤģҲһ㡣
ķЦ˵
ȴǿķһۺҡҡͷڵˣ˵ô棬϶ͽ̸ˣȻụ̂˵϶ûô򵥣۷ڶûа취ôа취
ڲţķҲûνʼ󣬱Ǹճ̵ݽԱ˸кž뿪ٷݡ
ٷݱѧԱûʲôǿƵҪֻҪÿîÿѧõʱ䣬ȫԸ
ʱ٣ѧĶ٣ԿֻԼȻ˶á
ȻûǿƵҪ󣬿ɾ󲿷ֵѧԱϰһĶݵС
ٽٿʼ֮ǰ
Ȼķ˵Ȼá
ٷгķûĴй䣬˼ֱӽһլ
ķǰڵִܻʶ󣬱ֱһլӡ
ӱð£Ȼͨµĵ
ڹլʱΪҪõЩ·Լ֤ķȻа취꾡α졣
Ϊɱ֣ٵǱ߱ġ
Щ·֤ûܹģĶҲκβ
ǿķֱ£һڽܻʶ󣬲ֱܹӻΪسʿڿϵĲ𵹲⡣
ںʹǬǱ˵ĿʵʹǬĿ𲻴ܻʶڵǿ϶ġ
ô
լӵԺУҶȻŽԪи򡣻Ƕһԣһͷ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶȻ
ķɵĿʵ
ֻҪܹμ٣пʿͿԹĽʹ֮ˡ
ķ΢Ц˵


504 ͻ
ܾĿꡭƺǽʹ֮ȥѰҪҵǸǲң
ҶȻķֱӵʵ
ķǼ⣬Щε˵ҲţֻǻûоãʱıĽ׶ΣǷҪʵʩ˵Ƿܹʵʩһûаա
Σգ
ҶȻ΢΢ü
ɣó飬Ҫ˵ΣգҲһֻǹ̻ǳĸ鷳вǰӰ쵽Լ飬һڿǣҪҪ
ķʼ˵
ǺðɣȻ㲻Ը˵ҲͲˡҪѪѪӴһĿĻʶʼԻʶеĵڰһ汣֤ѪѪǵİȫһܻ̽ʶڵĸֲַȻЩĪڰ·
ҶȻĴ۾ĿķķЩ顣
һ΢΢ƫͷڵܻʶڸƣȻԶԶܺľȣﵽεǿߣҲλ۷εӦûһλȻǽã˽ϸһЩ˵ûл
Ȼ㶼ˣҾͲˣˣϢ
ҶȻ˵꣬תֱӳլӵ᷿ȥ
һԵĻǳ˳ķȻȻҡҡͷתҶȻһ᷿
֪ҶȻǲˣķȴֻܱԿЦ
ϾԼļƻ뷨ʵЩھ͸ҶȻĻҶȻƽ⣬ûκαô
ʵƻͻȻѪǰܻʶ·ϣķʼڴܵлȡڴǬ鱨
ڵִʶ֮ǰѾͨЩ鱨֪˴ǬҪͻΧ߹սԵĵһѾԲɣĿǰڽܹĵĳﱸŶҪеͻϮ
ǸʱʼķʽԺγ뷨
ʱܹյǡôôƻ۶ڴǬǶķżĺô
ֻΪδ¶ģķδκ͸¶뷨
ڲμ٣ΪʿԱܹĽ뵽ʹΪͨ̽Ĳ̽ķȷԼҪѰҵһܵĻʹ֮С
ӵе̽ĸ֮󣬿ȷϵķΧ֮ոȥʱѾʵı仯
ķͬţһȺѰװˣȻҲܻʶǱġ
Ȼ޷ȷһСΧ򣬵ʤ˶࣬ԹܻͬʶֺĳǳأȻ֮ء
ЩӦڻʶڸƣֻܰвֻ̽Ҫһȷķһж
СʵкܶȥõĶ
ȻЩıУܻ̬ܿı仯仯뷨⣬ͬһЩıҪ顣
ʱľ׵ƷڵĲΡ
֮ǰص£ķҶȻѾͻƵƷڵľ磬ǰܻʶһµ·ϣ˳ͻƵ˰Ʒڡ
ٻһµʱ䣬ȵĴﵽƷڣʲôѵ顣
֮ǰһԵƷľ磬һһƷƵʣڵĲϣķӵĳҲӺʵ
ڷ˲ɢֵǰʽѾȫգĿǰķϤʽԭ
ķԤ۷Ĳκ󣬱Ϥɢֵĵʽˡ
һͻڵĽޣʽﵽ֮ôԽɢڻͨﵽкһԲ֮
սָṩϢԲڻһʽûκɱļؼԴʼġ
һʽؼûκεɱѧṩκεսӳ֣ȴһǳġҲΨһЧ
˿𺦱ʩ£ʩߵǰķؼϴ
Ӷñʩ߿ڱǰΪԼһмؼ£תķؼ
ұʩߵľԽߣתķؼǰڽչҲԽ죬Ͼĸûκˣݽ겣Ȼ°빦
ֻһãѾ޼֮䡣
ٶķ˵֮ǰҶȻĳŵǿʵֵ⡣
ʱҪúøҶȻѡһȫµķؼߡɴҶȻҲ˲
Ҳ֪ǰֺ˫޵ܹҶȻϣԼ
ķЩ쿪ĥš
ˣȵʱٿǰɣЩҲá
ķͷŤͷ᷿ţЦҪ顭ǵİĳ˺忪˲С


505 䶯
Ĵµʱ䣬ķ˷ǳɵÿ糿첻ʱ򣬱ȥٷݵîҲκζֻȡݽʦЩѧͻᾶֱԼµ⴦լӡ
լҶȻ䣬ҶȻһЩǳѧֲҶȻϵȱơ
ھٶ̫죬ҶȻֲķǰ㣬һ˴ߵọ̈̄ҶȻͬķǰûκ
ķεĽеҩϵĵ䣬ܹģҲֻǱ֤ҶȻ岻ַٵг⡣
漰ԼϵһЩ©Щҩκˡ
Ψһİ취ֻҶȻԼͨףȻֲ
ͶвͬϾǲģÿһҪҲûκβһĵطȻԱ˴˹
⣬ϵ©ֻÿһ˶֪ȥˡ
ڴ;ͬ飬źķ˫޵ľҶȻֲĲϣҲһǧ
ǿҲܹϵ޾ˡ
һգķլԺкҶȻһ䣬ҶȻһ˼᷿󣬳˿
Ȼֻǰ¶ѣҶȻĽΪԣ룬𽥵γԼصĹ۵ͷ
ҶȻԺĳɳҪá
ҪҶȻ뵽˼еѶȣѾȰǰҪĶˡ
ķҲòʾ֭Ķ࿼һⷴǿ͹ƶ⣬ҲһĽ
ҶȻ᷿ķͬʯֽ̧ԱʯſŵĻץ˸㶺ŪŪլӵĴȴȻŵ
СܵſȻķЩ㶡
ΪլŵģȻڡ
ʲô
ʣķǰլӵĴţһɥı飬ǰ
ôˣ
ķֵʵ
ǰĳһ죬ķڵî¹һʱ䣬ͬڵĽʦѯһЩٵ飬ڻμٵĸڣȽѧԱһ֪
ϣķһ뿪ݣ·ϱպôţڵ֪סĵط
ķҡҿܵòݵƼˡ
ڵЩ˿ɥĺܡ
ȲݵƼˣΪʲô˵
ķЩ⣬ÿ˰ӣڽ󣬹լӵĴţȻڽլӵĿ
ڿ£ķǲĿʵ˵ɣô£㲻ƷʦľʮУ϶ǵòƼŲμٵģݣֻҪܹﵽʦ㶼ԵõƼŰɣ
١б仯ˡ
̾˿ȻŽ渵
˵ûʲôӵĵطҲûн̫õʱ䡣
˵ܹٷıپټĹ
ԭĹ򣬵طϵѧԱҪμ٣Ҫԡԡԣֿˣѡ֮󣬴߲ܹμյĻԡ
ʶ֮ڵѧԱȴҪô鷳ֻҪڵõݹľټţôԽ֮ǰֱԣֱӲμյĻԣһУԽ
ΨһҪֻǣΨдﵽʦ֮ϵĲΣܹõټţݹľټЧġ
ĹȻڻʶڵž޴ĺôҲʹܸأЩµˣ뷽跨Ľ͵ʶ뵽ʶ֮ڵݣܹõݹľټš
ǶžŵˣбֿܿԵĻᣬҲƵĳԡ
Ͼٲľ٣俼˭Ҳ˵׼᲻ЩҪİˣھܹμӻԣҲƱҪӰԵĳɼ
ܹȻǲĺá
ĹҲʹûʶ֮ڵݣÿһٻ֮ǰܹټ͵طϵͨ㿼μӵ൱
֪ڵط˵ɶô޴˺
ѧԺǰʶѧԱȻҪһЩ
ֲʼʱԣǵȾʮĿޣٻԵʱƽʱһһεĲ࣬󶼽۳ɾ޴Ĵ
ԱʹõطϵݣջԵĳɼϣʼպͻʶ
ֻһֱ߶ڻҾ˲ţżƶãʼڼᶨƵִߡ
⼸꣬ǼλԽԽǿƣսʽ΢Ȩ˳£ܹܶʼռŵġôߣ㿪ʼܵɡ
ܵӰ졣


506 ·
˼ǣٹ귢˴仯ʶݲӵмƼȨԹܿܲдƼˣ
ķԺ˵ЩݣȻ󿪿ʵ
ǡȻľټȻƣľټȴݽټѧԱĳɼԭǵļûһܹɹģõĳɼҲֻڻѡ󣬱ѡΪ˻ʼʿ˵ĻܹټȻһ٣ֻƼǿʮѧԱμӡ
ڿΪεļ˵ƷʦϵѧԱڣһֻλʣĸҪѧԱвʱ򣬽һͨɸѡڵһֱУ˵ʦ֡ʦֶܽ뵽ĸľУҾ͸ûϣˡ
µĹ򵽵ôƻʶݵģΪʲôֻƼʮǿѧԱֻҪ޷ʮֻ߸ʲôͬ𣿡
ЩԹ԰ⷽʼûнףķЩʵ
µĹûһȷı׼һۺϵݵƼѧԱڻȡõƽɼԼóɼһۺϵۣȻݽݵľټͻ
ʼ磬˵Զ˵ʵμӵԽ࣬ƽɼͻԽӹɵġΪ˱ƽҪÿһݣҲҪټʮμӻԵĻ¹ʮ˶ѡ񡣡
Ҳ˵ֻҪܹ뵽ǰʮܹμӴ˴λˣ𣿡
ӦǰɡϾƷʦϾ˲òμѡΣѧԱֻȡĸѡݣһƷʦʮˣҵʵֻʮ嵽ʮ֮䣬ûκϣˡ
ͷ˫ĿЩĿݶ
Ҳʲôѵ飬֮ǰ˵ûд󾳽ĲʱֻСĲ࣬ȫͨɺͶȥֲռϷ硣ھĲûдﵽʱ֮ǰܹͨķʽȥıǿ֮𡣡
ķ룬ȻЦ˵
㡭а취
ԭһķʱڻǴȫŵ״̬ʱ˿̣ٴԴʣȴ·ˮ֮ץ˾һ㡣
ȻȻмĻѾʼҽͷˡ
Ȼ͵ʦֵĶսϸĽһ飬Ҹ⡣
ķΪ²˵
ڵ˵ͷȻϸĽ
Ʒʦ֮սķȻǷƿɳµġ
ݳʦ˴֮·̫أս̣ķûκεľϲ
ڽ˿ʼļй֮󣬺̣ķȫܹԼԺƵˡ
ȵڽԼս꣬ķ΢һ˼Ȼ㿪ڵյѡνӦڻԿʼ֮ǰǼܾʱÿ춼һЩڵսӦսǣǰɣ
ǡ
ڵͷ
ͼսʦ֣սĹҪǵãʹʱ򣬷Ʈһʽ棬Ҫů㡣ͬǻ͵Ľͽʽܸ̫ѹʹöһֽ󣬵õһĻ塣
ķ˵ݣ΢΢һ㶣ʶʵů㣿ǡǽʲô˾ô̵İ
˽̸ģܶʱվǱԼľ飬һʺ㱾ص㡣ڷƮ棬Žһнߡ룬϶кܲЧ
ķ΢ЦŽ͵
Ʈӽߡ⡭ô𣿲ᱻɡ
ڵɴ۾ķһãȻɫ
νʽͼɣΨһñΪܹڵԪܹ޶ȵķӳӶսսʤ֡ڳʱĻУһЩؼڵĸʽ֮Ӧνӣ˹̶·Ϊ·ܹԪ޶ȵķӳԭûʲô󣬵ǣɵĽڶ·ʹãʼմһֺʵսȫ״̬
ķԼλͬʱָɽһƮĽмơ
ϸķĽ⣬ͬʱרעضķĶ
֪ΪʲôܾķڳƮĽмƣϺͱûʲôͬɸ˵ĸоҪĪࡣ
ϰ·ʹãܹԪ޶ȵıͬʱҲܹγõսֱܶʱȴԸӦսܹõġͬ˶ȽϤĶָ֣ķӦֻΪԷܹõ㣬޷ƿصʱ򣬼һ˫н
ķһ˵ţƮĽѾָʩչͷʱԭӦ΢ȻٽһʽĽУķȴûô
ۿŽƽķȴָͦǰ壬ӦԱʱ֮Ϣ˲䱬ָȻ䱬쳣ķâ
ԭϣרעؿķڻȻѾǺȻɫ


507 ٴս
Ҫ䶷ԾҿȻƷʦ˴֮ʵô󣬶ôƵĽ䶷˰ɣֱӶѡˡ
ٷڣʮѧԱһ𣬱˴Ļš
Ļֻвµʱˣʱиϰû̫壬ͨʵʵս״̬ԼǰӦпֵܳ״
ٷ粻ֱָѡҪͨϵ䶷ѡĿġ
п䶷гֵٷ粢ģΪڿʼÿһ䶷Ƥӵ½С
ܹԼѧԱǰˮ׼ͬʱҲԼʱֹκķ
컹ǸսɣսУʵȽǿĶӮˣ½Ҳκ⡣
һѧԱؿ˵
ֻжƷʦľ磬ܵõһٻԵľټţټͲûгޣٲμҲһֵУмھա
սӦһֱԿʼ֮ǰʱ䣬վҪͨϵʤս⣬ȵʱپĸĸģһҲ߸˰ɡ
һѧԱԼ
ʱݸոտûãȻصѧԱǻ϶Ѿˣʱûս
ʵȽǲ뷢սóΪ˱˵̤ʯʵȽǿǴһԱ㽫״̬ѡ
ʦָ̡֣
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˶ʶĳķȥȻͿѾߵ˵ʦֵǰǷ
Ҫսңıȶû㿴𣿡
ʦһȻ֮ɫ˵
͵ʦֱȶ֮һЩµ뷨ʦּͽ̡
ٴοڵ
ʦü֮ɫĵͷǺðɣҾһһǼܿ䣬ԺͲҪˡ
ǣʦ֡
ЩӦ
ڣΪʲôҪսʦ֣첻Ǹոմһ𣿵ʦԾȡõʤȻƷʦڸոͻûãƷʦУֻڵɵʦȴŵΣôڵôģϲŰɣ
սʦ֣ѧԱ׷׿ʼ˽
˭֪Ҳ챻ʦֽѵľʧӣҪһ㣿
һѧԱֵʵ
ܰɡʵôôһӣⲻȡ𣿡
ҪȻôڵΪܲսԽԼ򵽵ĶɣˣҪǴһڵڣŸոͻƷڵľ𣿡
ѧԱ֮ŵʱҲ͵ʦվ롣
ٷд֮ǰĹأڳŵʦǷ񣬵ʦǵ˵ͷϲ͵ɫһЩ
ľ˿Ȼ㳯ŵʦַ˽
죬սֲûʲô仯
˶ƷʦʦֵԪۺƳٷڵҲյĸ룬Գһʼʱ򣬳ϵľǴǿľ⣬ھʮеĽ֮ڱѸٵ·硣
һпͺĵһνûʲô
ŵʦֵʱƷǳԣϿκȡʤϣ
еľܿͬǰ㣬ʩչ˷Ʈ
ʦֵ¶һ˿ûгûǿǻؽԲ㽫һзƮԼһůὣȫڵ
ȥڵʽ֮һ͹ֱӽڻܡ
ȻڵʦֵҲֵڶֽ
ȻڵʦѡؽصͬʱеľȴûԤϵǰʹůһУڷƮĽʱȻǰֱ̣һнߣ
ů಻߸һֿȻǰƴƣ
Ҳκأһڵƿޱȵ
ʦȫû뵽ڻӦԣ˶ʱ׼㣬ҪӦʱľĽѾǰ
ۿžҪֱӴ̵ϣֻľƣԪµʵսǿȣҲ˲ʱһֱԹۿռݵٷڳ֡
ǿ۷Ϣ˲佫˸
ʦϢǣ£ŵŵŵšĺ˼ɫ֮԰ࡣ
˳ƻؽͬʱЩȵؿ˿ԼеľϺε¶ϲı顣
ЩΧ۵ѧԱǣʱһ¶֮ɫǲ˼Ŀڡ


508 Ű뷨
㡭㡭ôôӣƮôܽӽߣʲôʱô
һܣĿ֮£ʦֶʱǺɫһ޵ŭ
ɻڣڵսûзϣȴû뵽Ȼ˸ת
ʧ߳˽ʤߣŵְڴʱ˿ֵֽӳ£ԽԵޱȿЦ
ûû̹Ҳԡ
ڱʦһŭŵ΢΢˸£ȻŹ
һ߷ͬʱһ߻͵ۿһٷķӦ
Ϊٷһ·Ҫޱϸ
ķ˵·սпγɵӦԱž޴ġ
ͬʦεѧԱ󲿷ָͻûγԼǲϸ·ȥߣؼʹþͻ֮һͿγӦеս
˾Ϸŵʦ֣Ҳʼͬķ˵ûɵٷΪԸʹ·
ô뵽ҪڷƮĺӽߵģ
ĵûг֣ٷֻ΢΢üؿڣʵ
ڱٷ翴һĻţܵؾشķġ
ɻߣֺȻķԺǰķ챻ѯƵ⣬ô˵Լġ
ʱûж룬ڿķԤϰ
ôˣ
ڷ㶣ٷֵʵ
ûûʲôعĻǡԼġ
ڸæ˵
ԼģôͻȻ뵽ҪڷƮȥӽߣ
ٷ⡣
ǻɣֻǾΪȡ
ع˵ʦֺҾͻȥһ֡ϾҶƷʦԪŨв죬ҲӦò޷ֲǡҾţǷͨķʽսʤʦ֣Ͼֻǽûб仯սҲǵʦֵĶ֡ȻҾͻȻ뵽ǷܹʽνһЩ仯ڲ֮д漣
һ˵ţһСעٷķӦֱȫ˵꣬ٷȻû¶κβ˵ӣ˿
ȥ˼˼ǷǳõġޣԼ뷨ޡڱϾûγԼķڵ·ǰܽĥ³ģϽԣܲĻǲĵĺáȻͬ˼ҲֵᳫģúŬ
ٷ˵ͷͬʱڵļֻǱάŹӦеϡ
ֻڹںٷתߵĽʱûκ
ԭôӰ
ٷ̬ͬȣΧЩݵѧԱŷ׷׻عһʱΧȫʼֽڷƮӽߵıˡ
Լʵû⣬ЩѧԱһһѯʣȻܶط޷Ļش
һʱֻͷ󺹵Ӧš
ʦȴˮڱѧԱΧм䣬صĺһڣ⣡ֻһʱ⣬û뵽ıжѣһս㣡ʱҾͲٴˣ
˵꣬ʦתֱ뿪
ΧڵЩѧԱ΢ͣ£ֵܿѯ
ֻЩȵʦָǿѧԱûΧסڣֻǸŸԵѵͬʱĬĬ˼ŷŵ䶷̡
˺ôŴ˳Ȼһ˷ܵܵķլ⣬š
լӵĴźܿ򿪣ķվڣޱȿܵı飬ЦſڵӮˣ
Ӯˣķʵ̫ˣô֪νʽӮ֪ƽʱΪǿ·ʽκβ·ҪµĹûб¶κβǶ޸ķǳء
ټ˵꣬˷ܵɫ΢΢ˣȻЩɻʵķΪʲô˵̵ģ
˶֪ˣҽһЩ취õ˲μӻԵʸǵڸˣȻֻƷʦȴǼߵġĻԹУÿһСңҪҵĻԹ̣һƬѣ
ķ˵ţתõԺ
һȻı飬ԺӺ󣬻ԺӵĴţȻЩŵ˵ķʦֽҺǲޣ˵컹ҪսҡҡҸôӦ԰Թ˿϶׼һУǲôˡ


509 ûķʹ
ȣҪԼ뷨
ķ½쵽լӵĴڣڵĽ˵ԼѧЩؼܹշĵƿأȻԼķʽֻ֮νӷʼҶ⣬ġ
ķ˵΢΢һ㶣ǿյͷڵķҲ֪˵ǶԵģȫ֪ӦôԼ֮·һֱҶڸŹѧϰŹ⣬ʵѾϰˡ
ܼ򵥰ֻҪսʱ򣬽սĹˡ
ķĦ°ͣ˵
飿
ԣƽʱѧ⣬бİϲʲô
ѧ䣿ҡϲҸǰǸʦҴС͸ѧʼѧ䣬еĹЩĸ꣬Ҿͨģÿβܶôֻ꣬ҪĻһͻ᳹׵ƽ
С˵
Ȼ㡣
ķ󣬽˵Գһ£ս̣Ҳڻһ
⡭Ҫô
һãȻɫ
Ҫô룬еĽǻʣս֮ǰһ룬һս㻭һĻɽˮǻݻޡκβͬĻʵķʽȫһģȻҪֵʽҲͲͬĻڻ滭Ĺ̵УԹǿʦҪͨζҪڻʦһʣ֮Թ߲׻ʦҪ˼
ķٴָɽ΢ЦǡҶڻҲһоԸʾһ¡㾿ܹ򵽶٣ͲܿƵˣϸˡ
˵꣬ķָȻĵʽ֣Ѹ滺ϵ趯
ڻ滭ϵ貢رߣҲﵽ˽ʦļķֻһʽС
ķͬı任УڵԺγɵĻ棬ȴһƯﻭ
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Ǿ֣ͫ˶ʱʻһʱڵ˶·ħһ㡣
ķûдڵҲûмڿȺڣڿ뵽Լ統кķת߳˴һҶȻڵ᷿С
ʱҶȻ᷿ڸ˲ڴϣԼС̻¶ҶȻǰҶȻĶץţԼ¶һܵı飬۾·ڼ¡
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ķҶȻƽʵ
̽ԵĴݾ߰ɣҲȷǵĳûбע⵽ڵǡøôһ̽ĻᡣѾע⵽ˣôڵı仯Ȼ˵ע⣬۶ԷķӦǶԽԼӦԡ
ķһ߽ͣһҶȻԡ
еĻѣؿķһۺ󣬷˸Ķ©ҶȻȥץ
һڵǲ̫˵㣿ǰ˰ɣҵҲûʲôô˷Ҵĵҩ⣬һ﴿һԱ˯˯˳Եķﰡ
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߷ͬʱŮ뷿ڵŹ봲ȻըѣһӰٴܳŹ뷿Ĵȥ

ıȫŮ֮⣬ܵģŮֻԾĵ־
ܿóҲ¹๦ܹϿѵģȺֵɱֻҪһܾڵɱ֯ɡ
ķϢݶĺϣµĹ뷿ڳĶҲʼձ˿̬ơ
һϢͺȫڣ˷ֵĴڡ
ͨС֪̽šǱڹ뷿Ĵ̿˳Ŵ˹뷿Ҳ֮׷֮䣬ûǴ̿ͳŴլķΧֱӽǴ̿סķ΢΢˿
ͬʱĬĬ̿Ͱһ
ԷڹʵǱԩ
ס⡭ô£
ŮȻȫû뵽Լ뷿Ĺ봲£ȻһˣڿǺӰ˳Ŵ˳ȥһҲͬʱ׷˳ȥŮǾ㵵Ĵԭأֵһʱ䶼Ժ
ҹ̽ʹ˹ڵĸ֣ݵһ·׷ٶȷԷǸУΪȻ¿ݵ׷ȴû뵽ԷȻصĹ뷿С
ص𣬼򵥵ĽһΪֵ׷һ䣺ʲôϵĴԼʲô
ҡҡҽؽѧһµüͿ֬ķʽԡԡ
ŮӵЩƮ
ŮӵĸȻΪ̿͵עδԼŮϣԻ㣬ûлɡ
ÿô˵⼸£ÿҪ˯һΣӰܴϢɣԷŶˣȥԺһ޺˵ΪҲ׷ȥС֮ȻҶ㵽ǸУ浱Ǹ𣡡
Ӻص£ͬ˳Ŵ˳
ķںϣԵŮ˿
ʱڵϢѾ׵ҪѹƲסͻ飬ûм֮ǰǿǿӵģڼ֮ǿֹʵɼĸ
ֹʱ䲻ܳ־á
ʵϣķĸԶǰ磬ôͲܽͻж֮á
СṩĻ任šǿ׷˴̿ͣŸոս֣̿ͱ㵱ϵҧڰصĶҩ
֡š뷿Ůĸ׷˳ȥŮĸ׼򵥵Ľ˼䣬ȻǴ̿͵ʬ뿪⴦ۡ
ķ˿һ̵ĴӺ¡
ʱŮѾ뿪˹뷿ķע⵽Ů뿪֮ǰһСֽš
ӦǸҪǰͬĻš
ЩŮ㲽뷿һ¥סŵŮͬ£ԱߵıԺȥ
ۼ뷿ʱӦòǰķԥ˹뷿ڵ³УҲѹƲסϢ仯ӿķڣ˲γһѭ
վڱ˵ĸۡУΪ˲ˣķܵؿͻƵϢй⸮ۡĻԼͻ֮УҪø³
ΪǴ󾳽ͻƵĹ̲Сͻʱô
ķϵĵԼڵԪתͻƵĹ̺ΧĹ뷿ڵĿʼڡ
ͬʱڷķװģűϢ湬ǽĵӰ޵ĳ֡
֪ǲط֮£ĵӰȴ·ȫӰУ¹ǽΧûκεڵҲûܹע⵽ǵĴڡ
Ϣٴʧ̽ûκηӦˡ޷ȷڻʹ֮ڣڻʹ֮ĸ򡣡
һӰ˵
۳ߣֻ˲ܹ
ϢֵͻأʧĹ죬԰ٷ֮ȷ壬Ҫ׷𣿡
һӰʵ
壬Ҳ׷ȥʶѾ˷̫õʱ䣬ټ˷ȥˡҲãҲգı䲻һȶʵǱҪҵĶȷʵʶ֮УֻҪһ㣬㶼ϸ֦ĩڵ⡣
ûȻǱõôû壬ص㡣ȥ׼ɣȻϢй¶ôԷȻԼĿģϢٴγֵġ
˵꣬ĵӰͬʱʧ


516 ˳ƶΪ
ķĽ̲ûгκβˮɵ飬Ψһ⣬ֻķԼû㹻׼ڱװǿмֱķһǿѹƣʹͻȻҲƽࡣ
³УǰҲյĹķ˴ӾƷڵһƷɱ䡣
Ϣı仯ԼıķɢһʽԺвϴģ
ͬʱʽҲʼԺи֣ķɢֿʼķԺк϶ΪһһȫµطķԺγɡ
Դʼģ
ܹѧķؼֱϴ񼼣

ķ³һѹͷϲͨС֪Χȷûڸֱ³뿪ⶰС¥
֮ǰ̿˺ڹķʱ൱գլлһʲεǿߣǽΪֽ֮ɢȫգķԼһʣ򲻹߻ûġ
ķûеһʱѡȥǳС¥ԱߵıԺƮȻȥ
ǰʱȥĲ㳤ķЩλҪĻľʲôˣΪʲôһˮ׼ĸߵĴ̿ǱֻΪɱ
ҼȻĻ֮£ôȻͲӦٱ֪ǣ̿ǴʲôطõϢԴ
Щʣķ˸ıԺڣСγԺеĻ棬ʱ˷ǳ޵һĻ
Ȼ͵
͵ΪķһʱжԺγɵĻ棬ϸĹ۲һԺȷûκںȻլӵķ
ֹһǶŮЪӦķſСַΧ
磬ܲܶһʱ䣿ÿζôȥҴҵģҡ᲻㡣
ȹԣ̫ˣʵӦóŲʱ䣬ҵǻҵĻʺ󣬵ʱǾܳأ͵͵ˡ
𣿱¿첻𣿡
Ѿ׵İܻˣӻڣԲټָ꣬λܵҲһֱݣýʱ䣬úʰʰȡڸʼݱ֮ǰλܴܵʱûٸҵңҽ˳˳ļ̳дͳ
˵磬Ϸ˼飬һһֱûü˵
ķſݶϣϸǶŮݣͬʱͣԺзЩ͸¶Ϣ
ܻʵ۵Ѿ˥ܣ໹ܻҡ
ڵǰŮ͵ӣܻʵڶĻ֮һе̫ӡ
Ļ̳ܻλ
ܻʵ۵УһϣȾָֻϣǳã̫ûпܡ
ԡ֮ǰ̿͡Ӧģ
ô֪λ̫ӻĻ˵ģ
Ϣ̫٣ķܹжϳĽҲ㲻϶̫࣬ѾϤϤĴ·ƺҪ뿪ķ˼ר磬ϵ㵽˷⡣
ݵűƿ̫ӵŮȻС̧ŸոżķȻ
һֱӡ̫ӵ֮ϣ
̫ӵһĲҽУķѸԶݣգ۵Ĺ򣬱ѾլӵΧǽԾļŵĽֵ֮УȻѸٵʧںڰ
鷢ʵ̫ͻȻ̫һҽвڵϺŮأԷŴȫûа취ع
ֱķѾլӵԺǽʧããҹɫ֮УŮļޱȼ
ķûܷ飬һ·ϢȻصסǸլԺڡ
ҹºԪҹֱ۳ɻҽȻķŻ˺ҶȻͬסԷڡ
û֣̫ӵĳ֣ΨһĿҲֻΪ̫ˡ
һܹ֤̫ӿԴ״̬֮µˣƲܹλ̫뵽ľء
ĿҪ󼫸ߡ
ˣ
ոսԷҶȻڶ
ϲˣֻż֮ٻˡ
ķ˵ͷǰҶȻԡ
㡭ͻˣô£
ķĽӽ˫޵ԵʣΪϬҶȻʱķϢı仯
ȿȡ˵һЩĲ²⣬ö̽ǲ²ûĻľٶȣӿ졣
ķɿһһƨҶȻԣЦе˵һõϢǵ֮ǰ˵а취ķؼϴȫӰ㵱ǰΪ֮¡
ҶȻ΢΢һ㶣գգ۾ķУЩɡ
ûͻƵ磬Ѿܹһˡ
˻
ҶȻ̲ס˿
ⷬӦʱķģõ˼㡣


517 ֮ǰ
ѩɽѩƵչ⺮
ȻѾ䶬ʱڣյܻʶȴ쳣֡
ڵϺɢ࣬ͨգݣڻֵ֮š
Ϊһһȵٻʽٰӡ
ĹٻԽҪٰʱ䣬ÿһμӻԵ٣ҪʱиǿȵļҶս
ٻԣڲμӵ˵һ׿ĥ¡
ҪͨٿԣսĵгΪ״ԪҪĲǿ󵽹һʵҪԶ˵ս
ΪٵĻԹУûȷϢʱ䣡
ܶʱõĻпսûκθȥϢء
״ǰս֮УǳձƵĳ֣
κһܹս٣Ȼٮٮߡ
ܶʱ־ߣʵռţҲֲҵսб̭
Ϊμٵʵ̫ˣԵʱȴ̫̣ɱʹ̿쳣Ľռҡ
ȻУͬһЩʵԶ֮ͬھļѹƣָƵʵսǵޣЩڲμӻ֮ǰӣÿһ˲ձȻͬʱȻǰéΪеͷʿ
ҪΪ٣ҲҪͻƳΪڡ
áö˰ҡһϢôǿƷʦ֮٣ҲӵƷʦľ硭
ڿΧɽ˺٣ЩͰ˵
ٷݲμӴ˴λԵʮٷĴ£˻Եľٰ쳡ҰӦıȻһʱõ˸Եķ
ڲμӻԵʵ̫࣬Եһ׶ֱӲȡ̭ûκѭɴ
Ҳ˵ֻҪһôֱӱ̭֣ʧȥһֵĻᡣ
ٷݵѧԱóɼҲֻ̭д֣ۿֻҪٴһ֣ܽ뵽еУμѭȴƫƫڵһλ٣Ϊʵȷʵ⣬ܡ
˴λԣٷ֮ǰѾʮѧԱ
ȫһ֣ǿѧԱҪŬֻ֣ҪܹѳɼƽٷƼӦĿԣһЩ
һٷ绹൱ʵġ
Ȼÿη飬еٶᱻֿͬʱǴﵽ˰Ʒʦϲε٣ǰΪԤӣڷ£ܵǱǰ̭ȻĹȷʵǿߵǰҲǸûκλ
ٷʮǿһ˿еķ˵
Ʒʦľ磬ֻŸոսƷʦһµʱ䣬ʵеƷʦУֻǵס
ͨǰ֣Ҫͻ֣ûоԵİա
ͺãÿһԣиŵļūǰΧۣѡһЩûܽȴֻǱǣƸΪ廤ҲǸܺõĳ·
ٷͬΪε˵Ȼ֣ˣǸԵķ飬ȥ䶷ɣúܴ˴λԣܵĽԼչʾĳɹĪҪΪȥ˶ȡʸǲĪź
Լҹ˵Ȼʱɢ
ɺķһ
Ϊ˸Աڵǡڣ䶷Ҳš
ϣҵһֵĶһҪһƷʦҲӮϣһ־ͱ̭ôҲԸƸҵ廤ˡ
ŵ·ϣʼš
ķ̲ס˸ۣ˵İɣֻҪǵҽ̸ģûķʽȥսôڲµˣ㶼㹻ȥսʤġֻҪ΢еӦñεĻнˣһûӡ
ķҡҲǻҵķܹսʤʦ֣ҾͺҵľǸķšֻǡֻҶԼûʲôġ
ЩεĽ͵
˵ŻĹѾ˸Ҫ䶷򣬸ڸ̸۵٣˴֮ŵģȴǲͬļ֡
ε״Ԫһǡ֡ϣ˵ѾﵽƷڵľˣԣûе֡
û׼㽭¥ѾͻƳΪƷڣ񶼹ȥһʱˣû׼ҲѾﵽƷڵľҲ˵
ѵˡط갸Ȼ갸ľӦֻжƷңŹ죬ʵս˵
⼸֡ö찡
ͷٴο˿Լеķɫ׵Ŀ
˵Ѿ˿ǻķ˵⼸¥һġ


518 ʤ
ô㲻Ǵܹһ־𣿾¥ĶսҲüֵڶֲСǾĵ֣ѾԽˡ
ķƳһڣû˵
ȷʵô
ڴ˵һ䡣
ߵ䶷̨ϣβеѾʼҪ̨μ䶷Ļ֡
ܽٱֿʮͬѡУÿʱỵ̈ϰͬʱ䶷ʱ㲻ϳ㡣
䶷̨ϵβеޣڳֵʱ򣬲ֵ¶ٷӦʱ䡣
Լֺٱһʱ䶷ֻ̨ҪòеĵȺʱ䳬Ϣôپͻᱻֱи
˵ԼֺһıֱԾԼ䶷̨ϡ
ڶһƷʦͬýеϸŵȴǿд󽣡
ȻߵǡԵ·ӡ
ƷʦƷʦȫûһȻƷʦμӻԣһΪҲƷʦŻ
̨Χ۵ЩУһӵƷʦٿ̨ϵڣ˵
϶ǻʶݾټģ˵ÿһʶﶼЩƷʦټμ٣ŵһ죬Ʒʦμٵ֡
һٺǲм˵
ˣ˵ֹʵ̫ƽҺýٹı䣬꿪ʼʶݾͲǰǰ޼ɵˣҲһֽϣԺĻУطܹõĻɡ
̨۷׷׵ʱ̨ϵսҲѾʼ
ԭΪŵŲ䶷ʼȴ˲侲
ΪḶ́һĵḶ́ǲܳ׵ĳУҲܻԵĻ
ڵ״̬ҲӶеĴ󽣣ڷ˽
ؽ޷棬ɲϧûѧ裬ͽȻ㹻ȴûиеı仯;
ǿưĽķ˵Լжϣͬʱҡҡͷ
վķԵһŮ
ŮһװȻҲμӻԵ١
ķۺ϶ʱ¶˲㶮ʲôû㹻޷ӶܹӶҲͲҪʲô仯;ˣǧֶΣֻһ֮һ֮
ķ΢΢üȻ㲻ΪЦЦҲ
Ѿ׼˼ķ۵ŮӶʱ䵽˿մĲ̲סôѵΪƷʦӮʦֲɣ
ʦ֣˵̨Ŵ󽣵𣿶ȷʵһ䶷ʦûκʤ㡣
ķ˵ͷȻ˵
֪Ҳ˵ѹƣֻ˵ؽǱϸ˫ͬһ磬ʦҲȻܹݿĻʤһʮĵ˵˵
ŮһڷйĽԼ˵Ļ˵˳
˳Щ㲻֮ˣŤͷٴο̨ϵսŵȽԼʦԾƻʤ֮֮˵֪
Ȼתͷûȿ䶷̨һʱ򣬶ԱȻһƬ
ͿԼʦǰѴ󽣣䶷̨Ϸ
硭
صص䶷̨µĵϺ󣬾ܿûʲôˣһɰˤ߻ء
ջԵĹ򣬱䶷̨ͬһ䶷
ʲô
Լʦˣ
ôģ
ŮӶʱɴ۾һʱȫ뵽˴͵С
ȡⳡʤڣͬһ˼վ䶷̨ϡ
ķһֱûд󾳽֮£ֶ⣬ȫսʤߵĶֵģʼҲ޷ķжϡ
ֱʱ˿̣һδȫ꣬ոջʵһʱûüβǿǿԼսʤĶ֣ȻͱԼһɡ
Ӯˣ
ʤߣڣ뿪뿪䶷̨Ͽʼһ䶷䶷̨϶ʱ̫ãᱻΪӣֱȡʸ񡣡
еЩãȻڡ
ЩæҵĴ䶷̨ȥڱޱ˷ܵܵķǰȻѹֲסļЩ˵ķӮˣӮˣ
Ȼ˶Ӯˣܸ˵Ļ˰ɡ
ķε˵
ص˵ͷǼӣ·Ѿһ㡣
ķҡҡͷǡһ䶷̨ϵĲУԼ֣ת㳯䶷̨ȥ


519 ͨ
ڣķսɸӵļֱӡ
ڱϣķбľֻƷʦսĹУķʼսƷʦĲϡ
ˣֺĲҲ޷Եơ
Ƕĸ򣬻Ƕ⣬ǿȡսԼսɵȾ֮жķĶˮ׼
ǽѹƷʦܹӳսҲʦĲܹġ
ڲ˱ʼ֮ĵһʱ䣬ų̂ЩۿκηӦʱ䣬սֱӽ
ķ򵥵ķʽһȭԼĶִ䶷̨
ûκεĻڣҲûκεļӦãôƽƽֱֱһȭ
ķĶܹĿһȭԼ֪ΪʲôǶ㲻
ȻĿһȭԼϣظ䶷̨ϱɣٵ䵽ϡ
ֱѾⳡҲûиԼΪʲô䡭
ֱˣ
һʱ䣬ķһμֱÿһֱһƵУµֵĶѾһƷʦҲûκεḺ́仯
ͷβķʼһȭսʤ֡û⡣
˵һı̫˹עĻֱӮһ־ܹǰ£ķֱ֣ʵ˵
һʱ䣬ͬʤǣķۣͽȻ
ͬʱҲһ·նֱʤʸμӵڶֵĻԡ
ֻķǼ򵥵Ḷ́ѣڵʱһƷʦȫ˵Ǻľڳˮƽӣսʤ˰С
ˣϲ
ǰμӻ֮ǰĿֻܹӮһֱ㹻ˡ
ȴû뵽һ·ն֣ƽԼݵʷóɼ
ϸֱͬλһ㡣
ȵһĻȫķڻصٷݼϵĵص󣬾Ϳٷһʧɫ
һıķûпٷһΣȻλٷݵĹеϣǿѧԱϣֻǿʱɫƺ⡣
ôôһıȫ˲Ż֪Ƕǵ˺ܳʱ𣿡
ʮѧԱУǿԹĿ߽ķ˵
ƺڳɼûдﵽԤڣ»СһֱûзйĻᣬɴ೯ķڷй˳
ǿ˵ıԿ˰ɣˣͺãһ߰ɡȻ˴εĳɼûдﵽԤڣҲǿԣһһٷԺҲͲټѧϰˡ
ٷɺ˵
ǵģǡһֱҪμӱڲŻΪΪոս
ں˵

ٷ籾ܵǵ˵ͷȻŤͷڡ
֮ķǲŤ˲ӡ
㡭˵ʲôǴ󣿡
ٷ۾ظһ顣
ǰҺķͨ˵֣Ҫʼֵıˡ
ص˵ͷ
ôܣ
ٷʱһ͵ı飬˶Щҵļơ
ʲôЦԵˮƽԶǰ漸죬Ҷڵְοǣ
ǿѧԱͬβһļе
ȷʵѾͨǰ䶷쿪ʼμӵ֣ŵĻȥĽ֪û˵ˡ
ķֳԼָָ
ǧμӻԵ٣һսѾֻʣٶˡ
ͳƳ㳤ҪȥĻܹܿҵҵķдһ˵
û뵽ٷЩѧԱ˳ķָķ˳ȥȻķ˵ĵҲɸоš
˲յĹٷһϲı˻ڸЩѧԱһɫӡ
ԭʵǿѧԱиּ޵ζ
ȻȻģ֣ͨ⡭õĳɼʵ̫˼ˣôģ
ٷֵ֮ǰӮµֺҪӼĶ࣬Ҳ쳣ӡΧ˲Ŀ
ãֶȽɡ
ķʼ磬˵
Ӯ֣أҲȻоԵʵ֧ţ
ٷ緢ֱַķŶڵļȻͻȻ뵽Լ˵ĻæĿڵһһپƣȻҪپƾӺɣǧȶˣӰ״̬ܹ֣ͨͨ۵ĻᣡܽٷݾҪΪǶǰʥˣ
ķȻԴûκ
Ϊпܽ˷ܹΪţķǴûκȤ
ã߰ɣȥҪеѧԱǼͣǶٷݵĽ
ٷЦ˵


520 ֪
Եĵڶ죬ǰһ˵Ѿࡣ
ܶڽԳعۿԱƲϸ񣬵ٵĻ᳡ҲͨƽԽġ
Գ˲ٶ⣬˻ȫЩٵš
ԳڣЩĻң಻ˣĿȴǸȷ
˵һ̭
ԭǧٱֻʣٶˡ
ٶֻһܹʣһ룬ڽ챻̭
Ȼ̭б̭٣ܹ뵽ڶ٣Ǳ̭ģҲܵ㹻ӡ
Ȼ䶷ε̶ܼȣԶԶ޷ȣǽҪҪҵս
һ̭ûʸ١
ڶǷУֻڵͨʿ
ڵ֣Ǿʸͷʮһʿ
ΪһʿǵĻսΪյԵҪοڵܻʵ۵ǰܻʵٵ֮ѡγٵǰ
Ϊ״ԪԼ̽
ϲĻʵ۱ֻյͷΣʿΣǰԵĳɼΪ׼
ڶ䶷ɷǳҪ
ٽڶĵһ䶷ʼ֮ǰٷһˣ־˱ء
ȻΪ˱Ӱ쵽ķڵ״̬ûа칦磬õٷԼȴǽżݵĽͷ˲١
ٷʷѳɼķڽ춼ڵ֣޷ٷ˵Ҳκźĸо
ٷˬʵĿûжơ
ٷ˷ܵǣģԻķʽȥս뷨Լʵ
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ʹＦɹ˶Ļ̵̻״̬ʹ֮⣬ÿһ˵۾Ҳȫڶǰӣûȥ顣
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ķһֱڰصȴţµȴʱѾ̣ȴûκν
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527 Ҫ
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528 ޺Ʋ
ܻҵڿⴢأȻԶԶͬǬĻҲƸȡ
ϾҵľۣūƹڲƸϵı֣ҲҪԶЩͿŵĹҡ
ܻҵ⴦ڿ֮УصƷ֮࣬ЩķԤ֮⡣
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ķڿһ߲ͣĽϳеЩԼĿռָӣһ̲ס̾š
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ʹڽе۷ڷڿ⼸˵ȡһգͬΪҳԱȻ˶ŭ졣


529 
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ʵ̺ͻʹϮѾܻʶ뵽߽䱸״̬еĳųʶķΧڽȫ˼Ƿ
ķȻٻصٷݸԼܹ뵽ʹ֮ڣܻʵǰӽõľٷѧԱݡ
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ķԴԤϣҶȻҲڽ֮ǰŻ뿪լӡ
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ȻͿҶȻȫһεı飬ǻΪ˷ܵĻӶ˼צӡ

ķ㶣ŷֻǰȻҲڷŴѵĳ룬ҳԱҶȻ˼һҪöࡣ
գգ۾ķɫŹֵʵòỨҲںǶİɣ
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ȳȥ֮۹Ͱɡ


530 
ܻʶķǽǴŽա
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һ·ۣ¶ѡܺ;Ҳ˾޴ģнִĿĵأΪܹ״̬ӭӼսֻǵľһϯضߣܵĻظġ
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ķϢĵطʱģǺѹѹһƬֱ˯ϯضߵľʿǡ
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ϢܵҪжϺӰ졣
ǶԾľִУҲǶԴӽľΡ
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ͨһ·ЩܵǬ֪ķҲܻʶڵ顣
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ܻʵ۸ԭпܼ̳лλĻˣʹڰʧأĿǰܻʶһƬңӶ˼ȨҲΪ棬ŰеĲģڳڽдǽ֮ϵķ˼㡣ΪһǳõͻϮᡣ
ķƽ˵
ֻǬķ˵ЩȴǶʱȫɴ۾
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531 ܴ̼
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ķ㶣Ӧ˹û˵˵ĶʵĿǰܻʶڣʵ֮ͻʹͻϮȫעǷ鵽һǰδеĳ̶ȣôҹҲΪ˸ͨϢǰи׼ԱƶĹǼƻϾܻʶѾܵҲ޷ЩϢˡ
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ֽʶ֮󣬱ȻڵȡͬʱŽܻʵҲֱɱԱǬľж·뷨Ҳһ顣
ٵݣμ٣Եһͨӽʵ۵Ļᣬʵһٵƻ
ķͳĽһ飬Ϊ漰κϸڣƽûж㾪Ķǵζ
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ķŷ֣Щʿһȫ²סʱڻָѺͶ뵽սУ
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Ҳ㹻ˣϾܹܻʶĴ󹦣ұףǬˡ
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ǬҼЩѪӦȫξгˣ֪ʱǵıΡ
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ϾѪ̲ķĵϵҲܹƿصġΨһԺޱȥε
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ϵı飬Щ֡
ûôǱֵĲ𣿡
ǬķӦķûɵһ顣
ֵĲãôܣҴûм츳ޣҾȻһԵðôһȺʲôЦֻǸ֧ӳô̵ʱѣȻÿ˶ܹھ˲ֹһƷʲôʱŻˣ
Ǭһصı飬·ܵĪĴ̼һ㡣


532 ٳ
ķû뵽ǬôķӦϸ룬ǬӦҲ֡
ԼȻ֪Ѫ֮Ի˿ֲٶȣȫΪԼƳɱĵҩӦԼǸָǿؼṩ
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ȿȣѪǵԴбȽһЩϾϡ
ķԼıǼ⣬Щε˵ôһ䡣
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ǬЩ˵
ЩҪ񻰵Դʣķǵѡ˱տڲԡ
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ھȫٸ·£ֻ֧˱ķʱһʱ䣬ִܻʶǽĿտԭҰϡ
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ܳڣһҹĻҲûҹȥһ쵽ԽԽҵơ
ܴ󲿷ֵĳǶѾæµһҹʱ䣬ûκʵϵķֺĽչûʶڵĴǶΪջûκһˣҪַֹͣʹģѲ顣
Ҳûκκôһϵܼʵѳ˲ٲоеĽδƵİӣʷǰĸǿȷиƣò˵ʵһĪķ̡
һڻӭ糿ȴû֪һֻӣʮĳ;ϮѾٳ£
֧עݻܻʶѾάİƽѪɫȾƬ죬е»ƺǵġսĿ־塣

ѣϾҪˣСһðͷסֵʱ˯ʱٲһٹӡ
ʶĳǽ֮ϣһʿͱͱԵһλпųǽϵĶӣͷ˯ϱ
ϱһ飬ʱӺ˯
Լʵ˯ۣ˿ȻЩʵɫĴ˸ǷĴǽվ
İɣҹҲ֪ʲô飬󲿷ֵĵֶɳȥȫˣ컻ڲôģϾҲæһϣʲô񰡡
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ʿɫɲǼ԰ȥϱͬһĴУܵıҪϱķԸȥ
κθոȥһӱһֱӱŵ̱˵ϡ
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κʶң˾󲿷ֵĳڴʱ˿̣ϱǲòԼȥЩ顣
ڽţϱЩʱǻңʵ˷˲ٵʱ䡣
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Ͼܻʶڣûκһֱս׼ϱԴǼ侭Ľ߾ˣĽҲֻǱ߾ٺ»ѡ
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ͬʱѾսǰ׼ĴǬܻʶ˳棡


533 Ƴ
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˾޴սԺͻռҲܹĽʩչı
Ǵһս֮󣬴Ǭſʼ˴ֱ̤Ĵݿࡣ
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һɹܹõջȻǼ޴ģӺľƱ仯оͿɿһߡ
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534 һߵľ
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ķûиҲûиЩӳƵһ̿ʼܻʶ˾ѾעķҪԼȫѪ̣ȻҶȻԼ䣬ֱͨյװΨһһ󿪵ĳŸ
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һⱻſĳǽĴɹš
ʮѪ̷ֱ𱻰ŵķһ֣ķʽѡ
ķǴҶȻͶ䣬ôһš
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ҶȻüʵ
ԷûǣǾ͸áȵȫƿס˻ʶľ֮ҾһһŲ飬һ׽
ķָָԼԴЦе˵Щͨʿĵ̺ҵʽЧʿߵģòһʱ䣬ұܹʶ׳졣
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ȻǬͻʶûɱ޹սվ˱ܵĻᷢȥ־顣
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ŴǬûпƵһǽİգȷӳŵĹвҪκԼΣպ󣬴ֵǮϸԥĴӼӳ
õĻᣬǬľӴһֲܻʶ뵽˼ȵĻ֮УǬľӻΨһĿҲֻҪûռʹ뵽ķѵľأӶɵĽ̵ʱ򣬲ǵġ
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߳˻ʶ֮󣬾˵ĵһӦ˿ǱһʱЩãȻĲ֪ȥη
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׳ն㣡
ĬĬһ䡣
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һȻ˵Ķԣʮͬʱһʶȫ˽䱸ĶԴķȥ
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ǵˣΪĳЩԭҪǸһȥѯһЩ顣
ķ΢Цףº͵˵
ʲôЦߣǾҪ𣿡
Цһǲ޵ݣԪȫͷ˳
ΪǰͻȻֵ˿൱޺֪ΪʲôȴǸо쳣Σա
ҲΪ˵һǵѡʵϣҪѯʵ⣬Ӧֻļ˲֪Դ󲿷˶ûõġѡ䣬Ҳ⽫󲿷˶ͬʬǸʶĴ
ķʼ磬˵
ͬʱʮѪѾشΧЩӵ˳˳⼸ʮγһİΧȦ
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Ӻӵɫ˲һƬࡣ


536 ͻΧʧ
Ϊ۷εǿߣͳԶ𣿡
ɫޱѿĳ˵
Ȼ֪֮УҲ۷ε𣬾ҺɻǴʲôطҵǿߡٶҽҪ鲢ʲôӰ졣ֻѡһĸһȥʡһЩ鷳Ȼɱ󲿷ֵˣʣٱץȥ
ķָͷ
ѪѾ⼸ʮȫΧС
ͨСķжϳǰЩ˵ʵɣһ۷ε⣬ȺһʶûС
ǿҲֻԵӣƷҵ
ˣڣֻڶѣʦ
һͿԿó۷εǶԷרŵǣƻʶڻġ
үսУΪܹҽĴ󲿷ȫǣסҵĺܴһϵʱ䣬һֱڸ߶ȵĽ䱸Уʱ׼սԸûлָԷǿϢԨƺ״̬Ҳ֣ڡĴֻסԼˡ
Էе۷εյӵԣ˵
ӵɫѿ˼֣˿ķһ΢ЦӣҧҧڵðɣǸȥҪ㾿ʲôˣǻȥĿʲô
ܹӵ۷Ӧ֮ٵģԺúò²¡
ķЦеֳųŵķһơ
ؿķһۣһ̯״ε˵ðɣˣƱǿҲʲôٶġϣֻҪѯһЩ飬ˣͷ뿪
˵꣬ӱֱת۷εǿ߹ʱȴȻڴߵǰʱ򣬳оܵĶɱһЩգŻңߡ˶Ҫˣ
۷εֻգգ۾֮⣬û¶κ
ǡҪǻȥ
һȻؿʵ
ҪȻô죿ϢͻΧЩ˳۷ε⣬˴ϢжϣҲٶǸƷڣǸŮ˺ǸӦͷûκϢ¶Ӧֻͨ⣬ʵǿ̫ˡ
û˵
һʱԺиͷջǲ鲻Ըĵͷðɣˡ
ͷ֮Ѿһ£˵Ȼٶ˵ʲô
һѪǵע£һȺת³ųſȥ
ۿȺ𽥵ߵ˶ѻڳǰȺ֮С
ͻ
޴ԪȻڶİ֮б˳
ֲĳ˲ݿ壬֫кȻ˵ǰƮ
ͬʱһӰסӣֱӳŰԾȥ
·̫ͻȻӵЩͬ鶼ûзӦһվԭأʶĵǰһȴȻڷŵԪ˲ơ
ģ
Ӱһ
ԪըĽԶʵǿǼûܵʲôӰ졣
ǰͻȻı仯Ȼһʱ˾ô¡
ûκγɵģֱӳķ˹ȥ
һǻϴ˹ʶġ
ԷһȺУֻΪ׵ǶŮӦͨˣΨһĻᣬסһˣߵĿܣ
ǡڴʱҲԾ𣬺Ҫߵǿǰ
ǿȻֱӱסȴûκλ֮ڶ䵲ǰͬʱһףеֱӳҶȻڵķȥ
һжͬһʱ䷢κĶ
ԷĿҲǳȷȿסûĵˣȻŻ룡
˭ûĵˣڵ֮еĵλ൱أ
ˣ
ת˲嵽ķǰϲĸϲõ
Ȼֳ̧ķĲץȥ㽫ķһʱסʱȴǺȻһ
ķƾʧǰ
ʲô
һӱоһػ˱˫һֱͦͦ˹ȥ
һҲ嵽ҶȻǰֱʱſҶȻĳ࣬˶ʱ˫۷ֱʶı˿ĭ
עʱȫҶȻϣȫûע⵽ҶȻĻǲĳצӡ
ֻһգȻһֱľʹ˲˫һڣһεҶȻǰ
ȵ˵ϣеĸ첲Ŵεڵһԡ
ҶȻ̧ӵϲ£Ԫ룬ֹѪֱʧѪȥ
ⷬȻΪ֮⣬ԭŶĹƣ֧ŵķǳʱͷ˵Ķ˶ᣬֱһԴϣ
ԴһԼΪֶû뵽ԼڵԵ£ӲĻɱһͬεǿߡ
ʣЩˣȻѪȥ


537 ʣϣ
Ѫǲû֣ķҲûκҪֵָǼʮѪǵΧ£ܿʬһƬ
֮ǰԷ۷ԪʱĳǰǰǵĲ֫ϱۡ
Զôʮʬ壬Եöôۡ
ſڵһƬԭųӵͨգΪһƬʧ룬ƴҪܡ
ɺİղ֪ʲô飬ǲûиоΣգȻʹӵ
һʱ䣬ǰһƬң𽥵ĿʼһЩ̤顣
򣬺ܿͱŭͿ޺û
ķԹۣûȥȺգͨ˶ܶʱ¹̫ܵ࣬϶ʲôñ
Ⱥе²ķһ˳ųȥ
䵱ȿ·۷ΪͨԪĿƣ׾ٵȺӵͨУƿһ·
ֱķȺ˽˳ǣʧ˵к󣬳ſڵĻԻһЩ
ֻЩһʱ䶼Щʶͷ࣬һСְѾʼŤͷųڶȥ
ķǻԵ˺ͱ˸첲ˣûε̫ãֱӳŻʹķȥ
ǵִʹʱܵĺڣѾ˹
ʹЩŴǬѧԺľʦɵĸ壬ûκεĵֿϿ˵һܿ㽫ԻʹĿȨó
ķʹǽ֮ʱŵѾ˴Ǭʿ
⼸Ǽķģ˲ûķһȺ˽ʹΪ
ողʹķͿżӭ
ôˣŽǺȥˣѪȫˣִʲôأ˭
𿴵ķҲһ㶣̲סʵ
е˽Ҫ˾ҴѪ̳ȥҪץģܵʹټܻʶ˻ʹ⣬ʵǲ֪ﻹʺѶƹĵطԱɴֱӴȥ󹬣Ǳ̷
ķڻش
ȻҾ֪ҪùˣɣʹѾ׵ĿסˣûʲôΣաһҪȥǬȥϢԱɳ󲿶ֵ̡ܻʶȣʣĵطһɢɳҷӦ֮ǰܳ׵ƿ֮С
һ˵ţһߴ˺ķͬʱӰ˻֡˵ʹڶǵˣҪõǵĵطֱӷԸˡǺǬѾʦίΪ֧ˡ
ķνĴӦһȻԹԵǰе̷
ܿ쵽˵طӺӷֱ̼ϣöϵӵΪķŽŪѡ
ոջָѺ˵ԶЩľֻһСĹ˱˵ǰӵһ˿壬ӿΪ򶨡
ǻʵܺãʡ鷳
ѪӸķһӣķȥ΢Цſ˵
㡭֪֪Ҹ˭Ȼôҡұ֤һڵģ
ԿտҲĸоЩ˿Ѿûκʹĸоʧȥֻ첲ⱲӾҪˣ
ֿö֫ǿҩֵҩֻܼ
Ŷ㸸˭һ治˵
ķҲϣŶȣһƣģ
Ҹסҡ
˵۾ͻȻ˿ǡ
ΪȻ뵽ԼĸΪĳλǿߵĴˣ֯ڵĵλϣ򡭡ԣ˵Ҳû֪
ôˣ
˿ǣķֵʵ
ܡ֮֮ҸǷǳģΪ۷ε𣬾ͿԲңҸǳģ

ķ΢΢üͻ۷𣬵ȴûдﵽʥͽ֮ǰǸɾ磬ǳ
ڳɷʥḶ́׵已̥Ȼٳʥͽ֮
ʥḶ́ÿһҪͻƳΪʥͽˣҪġ
Ŀǰʹϡ
ŶⲢʵĶ
ķ˵ţ̧̧֣һԵѪʱǰְ̧ӵͷϡ
ӱоһԪ뵽ڣ˲µÿһ缡⣬ʼ˺Ѱʹ

Ӷʱ˺ѷεĲҺ
ʮӵʱ䣬Ѫɿ֡
ֻûһɣڴڵش˴ܳʱ䲻Ѿȫˮ͸
ǺģԣʣǴ𣬲Ҫ˵޹ؽҪĶ𣿡
ķԾһЦݡ
Ǹæص˵ͷ


538 ʣ£
һ⣬ʲô
ķһָͷʵ
ӳ£Ťͷ˿Ӻ΢΢ҧ˵ʲôҲ䱸̽װãֻҪ̽װȷĴ巶ΧȥѰͺá˵ҪѰκοɵģѾ𻵵ġ沢û͸¶
ӵĻشķ˵ͷ֪Էû˵ѣش֪Ǻϡ
ʵôڶ⣬֮֯䣬ǴϵǺϵ
ķ˵ڶָͷʵ
ӵ϶ʱ¶ޱȳԾ̬
Ӹʧ˳㡭ô֪֯йϵ
֪Ķܶ࣬ԶĶࡣ
ķ˵ţ˸ָѪӱٴνָӵԴϡ
һĲҽС
ֻҪشҵ⣬ҲûиǷʵȨ
ķЦǺǵ˵
ϵηɫŨЩ촽˶ȴûпڡ
ҲͬųĬķһЦݵĽ˵˭˵Ǿһܳͷ˵ˣôش˲ýܳͷһҪ˫ĳͷ
ӻһ飬ֲֿʹĴ̼£ڲٳɣæڵǺͺ֯ǺĹϵ˴֮ĺǳܣ֯鱨͸߶ṩ֧֣׶Ȼ˵Ǻʵ˴Ӧÿһġ
ӲûκΪķѯʵ˼ƺѾ֪ĶӸķ֪٣һԼķ֪ĵطѣǽֲʿ֪
ʵղŵʹ
ܺãʵҺ⡣
ķ˵ͷѪߵһӵԣȻַӵϡ
֮ĲҽһԵӶپҡ
ô⣬ҵĶһж٣ҵ˶٣
ķ˵ָͷ
Ƕ٣ǲΪҲûиһȷĴ𰸣ӦòܶࡣΪôãһƵĶȷҶԵģȴֻһ
һǷ˵ʹ֮εǷӦɿ죬ӻû˵֮ǰȻش
һ
ķ΢΢üͷ
ȴڿķüͷϸһ˿˷ܵȲĴ󺰵Ҹȴ֪ģҸҲ߹ңҪҵĶһа˼ܹ̽̽鵽ģȴһֻļļ棬Ŀǰֻõһ
̽⵽ֻļ
ķѪӱ˸ƣѪٴְӵϡ
ӵĲҽУķĬĬ˼
ԼڳڵõĻۣõѥӣټܻʹõĻ裬ԼԷѾõһЩӦþǶԷܹ̽鵽ļװ
˵Լϴŵö䣬϶ǶԷ޷̽⵽ģҲ˵װҪ⣬Ըװ̽ȫͬġ
ײʱǸŻȵĵ¿ռҲܹ̽ġ
Ҳ˵ԼѾõ˰˼Էֻõһ
Уһ϶ΪװԴȪĺˡ
һӦǺͻͬĳһӡĿռ
ȻҲųǼװѾ˵õҷ˿ռд档
ô˵ĻȻҪȥúõо¼װعЩϸ΢ĹԴΪȥ̽ϸӵġҪﵽܹ̽⴦ڿռеС
Ѫɿ˷Ӷͷϵ֣ǻһڴڵشŴͬʱ֮ͬǰǰ㣬ˮ͸Щɢϲ˿־ɫ
㡭ʲôҡҶ㡭֪κ鶼Ը㡭ֻ󡭡ֻҲĥȥ
ӴŴ˵
Ǻ֯һ̷ֶΣһΪӦûϤأڿˡ
нӣķȴȻ˵
Խ̬ȣӺԽӵĿ־塣
ҡ֪˭ˡ㡭Ǹǵˣ㡭һЩ
ķⷬӣӺȻԺһȻʧе
̫˵顣ôһ⣬ǵܲ˵ǾļϵʲôطõǼװ˭ϣǱ̶ĳص㣿


539 ǿ
ѶгʱѾ磬ܻʶڵսӽβʶЩǬӵʦսһֱһߵľ£ɱ¾Чʼߡ
ôһʱ䣬ܻʶĳͶ⣬㼸ɱ˸һɶ
ڻʹԻҼתҳϣҲȫ
ܻʶϿǲĳǳˡ
Ǭվ̫٣ЩͶĳһʱ㱻ɢ࣬ȻЩǬֱţʼȫǵķԼ
Ǭʹȴӵĵͽӹܡ
ʱ䲻̫ãҪȥȻܶࡣ
Էûһ̶ļص㣬ô˲û˵ѵĻôԷӵе֮ǿҲܹԸ˵ġ
ҶȻķڻʹ֮ڣҪȥǬڵĵطһˡ
ܻʶڸ鶼Ѿ꣬ķ뿪ֻ뿪֮ǰҪǬк
ѪǣȻҪķһߣҲòǣ˴Ű飬ȫȥ׼ҪЯƷˡ
ŶȻǺܴģȻҲܾţԷ˵ûһ̶ļص㣬ΪûġڶԷõǼװʱҲȥ⣬鱨㣬ʵ㣬óȻ֣뻢ڡ
ķ˵
ԣ
ҶȻü
ԣҴȴѪ½ͨ̽ЩĵĸĽаջƳܹ̽⵽λڿռ֮ڵװȴԲ̽⵽ӡ֮ڵװΪռĶԭγƽռķʽ׵ģܹȥĵĸĽӡȴǶֶģ޷֪ӡݵ£Էӡص㣬ȥġˡҪѪȥĴ
ķԼĴȫ˵˳
ҪѪȥѰҿɵȻԼȥ֤
ҶȻʵ
ûӵõȵĹȥĻڷӡ֮еװȻԺͻ䷢Ӧϵ۷ӡıʽʲô뵽˷ӡܹ֪ķΧ֮ڣôӡͻᱻҵѰзӡĵطѰǴ룬Ҳܵȥ
ķͷ˵
ɡķΧ֮ڣֿɵĵط»಻ʤɡֱܹ취ҵ𣿡
ҶȻüķ뷨ʾ˻ɡ
ǾҪ˵˼ˡ
ķָָ̧Լͷ
ˣ
ûˣѾֹһ˸ңΥҲֹһ˸ңǻġʱôȥ˵Щ롭˵Ӧһġڤڤ֮⣬ͨ飬ұȷһ㣬ǲһߡνǻġӦȥ⡣
ķ˵
ܸ
ֻǸ˵ⲻͬѣʵЩ뷨ģֻ뷨̫ţԡҪ֤Դ񡣡
ķǶǵ˵ţҶȻѾǬڵĵ


Ѫȴ֡
һֻ޵Դ˴һյء
ʱյϣһֻԳĶڵϣץԼϵʭӡ
ֱߵ˾ԳԣȻ޵Դӵ˾Գǰ
Գͣץʭӵľٶ̽űᣬʱϲ޴ƽֻ޵ԴȻָ׾ٵԿϴ˸
Ŵһţ׼ԼͣڴڵԴԽ
꣬ԴԽͱԳ˸һɶ
ֽԿ˵ԴӵһߣԳ˲ԼͣȻǿԵԽǴζĶζУֻҪһӽԶݣǵٶ죬ܹصȥҸû취⼸Ҫ㣬Ҳû취һڸ
˾ʥĿʲô
Įʵ
̣Ҿ֪㲻û¸ɵֻܹΪ˸ҳԵġ
ԳҰͣҲڣˬ˵ϣܹ뵽ϵĹУҲ֪˾ʥĿʲôҪ飬ֻˣϽͳһĹԴﵽĳֹ״̬Ӷ׵ƻϡ
Ӧˣ
ʵ
Ҿܾˡ
ԳɹЦһ˵
Ϊʲô˾ʥӦû㲻ٺôɣ
ôţȴ˿Ҳ֡
ٴװͿҾͷһ㣬̫αʲô֪ȴҪװ֪˼𣿡
Գһ˵ţһ֣ȻǳȻһָ
˵ԭܼ򵥣ҲҶٺôֻҪǰȫңҲΪг⡣ȻǰеĺôңôֲңµȻͲ̸ɡ
Գ䣬ΧԪȻ˹ı仯
;ԳӦͬʱȻ̧ͷ
ȻͿǵͷϡ֪ߵ֮УĸֳһǳصӰ


540 ǰ
ǳؿΪΰ׳ۣ֪ܲƯڶߵĸ߿֮ϣںжϳĴСֻӾЧ˺𺳡
ǳǱ׼ķ״ÿһĳǽϣһ˶ͷ
ĸͷͬһ㣬ͷǶڳǽ⣬κεӦֻǵܲŶԡ
;ԳȴڿƯŵǳغ󣬱ͬʱ˱仯
ֻصɫԳıȴǷḻĶ࣬е㿴ֲ¶ĸо
Ѿ˼װˣǰɽΧٴ󣬴ȥȸװҲѾߵõĿǰʥװ׻װװȴû˿ְ

ʲôֵģˡȻǾ˵Ŀءһʲô룬Ƭгưԣ񲻿գ
ԳֺǺǵ˵
֮Ĳ֮ͬڡ˵汾ҪģΥ㲻ȥΥж㲻ȥ˼ɶкܶණǱҪġ
˵
ʵ֤ж˵ĿʧܶգҲǺ⣬ĪԽУӺζ
Գǲм˵
ԶᶮģˣҸˡ˶ܹ˾ʥ´ʱѾƨˣȫľ˶ȸװѼϣΪ˵Уʥװֻȸװ߱ĳѳ֮ȴû뵽͵ʴףչ΢΢װѾ˼롣ϵͷֻӵļȣΪҪѪˡ
Цһתȥͬʱ˵
Ǹӣ뷨Ҳǻ᲻ͣķ仯˵ӣôͻȻֲ˾ʥˣ
Գɤʵ
ΪͻȻã˵ĺеϣһܴϣ˲ϣŬȻҲͽͣⲢΪҵ־仯
˵ţͷҲصʧѪȴֵ֮ڡ
ԳŴͷһ˼ڤı󣬷Լȷʵ벻ͨɴ˸ǷӴԣֱӽ뵽˯ߵС
ʵѪȴţԺ˼ű顣
ûк;Գȫ뷨˵ȻװѾ˼룬ô˾ʥǴϣҪȥģҲֻװ⣡
ҼϣҲǶʱھܹġ
ǵͻȻ֣Ʊػ޴Ļң£ӵи뷨˽಻ʤ
˾ʥ󡭡пֻڸ°ˣ

Ҫ뿪ˣһվҪȥʲôط𣿡
ǰķʵ
ԭǬζܻʶоܣԱ׵Ŀ֮ǰڻʶڷ̫ıҡ
ǡʱķҶȻ߽ǬڵĵС
ûã϶ҪԶһЩܱ߹еκһ
ķش
ȻԼѾˣҾͲ˵ʲôˣҲûʲôҪǰæĵط֮ǵöȥţ»ǳϲϢġ
ͷ˵
һģܣҲһЩԼĽ飬֮ǰ˵һ¡
ķǬǰڷŵܵͼ˵
ϴ
ǬһۣȻЦǺǵ˵
ܵǴǬȫͬɣȫū壬Һݼռȫ棬ͨū磬ܾìܣʼͳνײͱͳνײ֮ìܣҼȫ޷͡
ķһ߻Լһ·ЩһԺԴʡ
˵һֱܼÿʱÿ̶ūֻūûκεõװĻᣬ˵ʵ̫ÿһεūᱻѹΪֱƵʹܶūĿܺʹøϿ͹϶˫֮ìܴ̼ĸҾáһʼʱǿԶūͷţ

ûūõȨ㹻װ֮󣬿ǻͳǵˣѪȵı̫ȫǻҲĴʱ䣬Ⲣ档ūȥ䵱ǵȷ棬ҪнСȵȫ֮ٳȥʰо֡
ķְܵĵͼϣĮ˵ū˵ǲܾ߱ԵʱֻҪִǷֲΪߣ׵շʣūͬʱҲܹһЩʲһ˶ӵͳܣ״̬ǱѪеĽܲ
ķ˵ЩݣǬЩĿ֮࣬ͬʱص˵ͷ
⣡ôɣ


541 ݴ½
ȥģ
ڣҶȻŻԼķʵ
˼ݳĳ򣬶ʮѪķҪ£˸صңڸ·ĹУҲŹκζʱ䡣
ܻʶڳķûٴ϶䣬ö˻ʶ
ǬҪĴñڸֵʹÿ϶׽⡣һ۷εԼߣȻڵô
ο˴뿪漰ԼܣķҲȷʵϣһ޷ٷ֮ȥεڡ
ȻţǱ鲻ǣ̫ս֮¡
Ҫʼȥսһ㶼úܲҡ
ڰȫ⡭
ͻƳΪ֮ķѾ㹻Ա֮
ʱѾʻܵı߾һ·ϣķͨԴʼġҶȻʮѪԭķؼȫϴ
ҶȻǸһ˲⣬ʮѪ̣ķǸǸԵص㣬̸ֱǲͬķؼ
ЩķؼȫǻṩģƷǰķؼǻƽ𼶣
ѪԼѪ⣬ķѪѡһѪ̣һˣֱ׻ƽķؼ
ȻѪǲԼЩķؼʲôεģΨһܹоģķؼޱǿ
Զܹⷶǿ
һ·ϾܽϢʱѹ͵ĳ̶ȣÿ춼ҪڼжɹԱٶȵЩµķؼѪǵѵʼޱȸǡ
֪һ·ɡҲûһ뷨Ҫģʹܹ̽̽⵽ռڵװǻҪСʱ䣬⻹ΪѾװԸȥ˽оֻһĻʮ꣬Ҳ
ķ۾һ߼һ˵
뷨Ϲèȥӣһн⣿
ҶȻ΢΢ɴЩ۾
Ҳ˵ĺѵΪƭ㣿
ķһֻ۾˿ҶȻһӣЦеĽ˵Ȼһ·Ͽ϶Ҳһֱ£޶ȵһ棬һ棬ҲҪʼԺ֯мԷ鱨Դں֣ܹ󻯵Ĵ֯ԽԷӺϹӣǡԷڰԷǳıж
ڰ⣬ǡ֯ʲôʱˣ
ҶȻֵʵ
ڱ֯Ȼڰɶ˵ȴͬûκڡվǰĴӣֻҪ룬ұԶԺ֯ȡ󡣡
ķָָԼԴ˵
Ȼ֯ʵΣô룬ĿǰսҲ̫Щɡ
ҶȻԼĵǡ
İɣ֯Ȼޱǿ󣬵ڱ֯ԣʹսԱر࣬һ֮ϵǳ٣Ϊ˱ɱй¶ҲΪ˱ͺսű¶֯Ǵһ൱ɢļܹ֮¡£ֻҪעⲻͺ֯ĸôʰһЩСݵ㣬ʲôѵ顣
ķųᴰ⣬һȺұžܴﵽ޵Ѫǣ˵Ժֵ֯ĿģֻΪԷʵͬʱҲΪĥѪ̡֯ڵĺϸɱֲ֣ĺҹߣڴ󲿷˵֯ʹԺͶԷսܹĴʹѪǿͳҴѪǸĸ֣Ѫ̡ԺͽС񷣡ɡ
սȥ
ˣҲֻܹԼˣΨһģֻǽĶ̸ǣ޶ȵǵյĽΣվҪԼǸǿʳ磬ϣСһ񡣡
ķ˵Ϊᣬ̾Ϣһ󣬶˵һ䣺ߣ಻úûǿߣ಻úν棬ڲúû벻ú֮䣬һѡ񡣶ңԸѡߡ
ҶȻĬȻ֪ķ˵Ķʵǲ飬ˡ
ݴ½ᡣ
һʱЩƣҶȻļԼСצᲦҶȻͷ
һƬֻʮѪҿ޵ĺǳʱʱĴ
ôһСʱ䣬ķĶȴǺȻ䶯˶ŤͷĴ⣬һ۱еŮߵС
ʱѾܺһҵı߾ΧһƬƽԭ߼ãķĿжʮı뺷ӣ׷Ů


542 ĳЩıȻԣϣ
ȻԶķѾﵽĳֳ޵״̬ӾȻǷƽԭĻ£Ӿ׽ڿĳ̶ϣҪСֵܹķΧġ
ķУŮԵ÷ǳǱǻҳһ·ҲãܿɫޱȾȻƴرš
ɴϢȥжϣŮվֻһͨˣֻͨıܣѾҪˡ
׷ŮǼʮı뺷ӣһϷʵ̬ͣߺһЩԻƺ׷ֻǵһϷ
ڱ˴֮н·߳˽棬ԶԷķһ߾ԽԽ
Ůڱ֮ڷķһ˵Ĵڣһʱ䣬ϾɫʻһЩ
ԭѾ˼޵ƺָ̼࣬𽥱ĽŲٴμӿ˱ܵƵʡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҶȻͬųᴰ⣬һĹſʲôɵĿʵ
ˣʵ̫࣬ÿһҪȥܵĻ۶Ҫˣֲܳ·ƽεĴ͵ûɡ
ķջĿ⣬Ȼ˵
ľ״̬ƺЩԣǷʲô𣿡
ҶȻüʵ
ķȻûдﵽ˴ͨĳ̶ȣôʱ˫ޣʵҲԶĪϵ˶ķľ仯ҶȻ൱С
ûʲôֻǲֹһ˸ңǻġֲֹһ˸ңҪηˡЩ벻ͨ㲻ת˵ŬΪʲôѾǳʱ򣬾Ͷе飬ôʹ໹Ǽѣʲô壿
ķ΢΢ºų˵
ҶȻƫƫͷԼļ±˻ǿԴһǶȥ顣ķʲôǵĻôʲô˭ƶģڵΪʲô
˵ǻģôĺʲô˵籾ǣôΡŵģǣǵͬϵļ棿ȻСЩʲô壿
һʵķЩͷΣ˼һķȴЩ޷ش𣬲ɵÿЦҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ıһֻεĴڲٿеһУһнչ־ȥ仯֮ҲˡҲ׵ǣⱳĴӵ˷˼ôֻ񡣿Ļٿǵˣ˵ʲôô
ķס˳Ŀ̧ͷᶥЩãȻ˵ҪԣԺκ飬ҶԼͷȥĻΧ飬ᷢı仯
СŮ
ԣСŮҵĵһӦǰ˵ĻôǲζţСŮĳ֣ע顣ܺһҵı߾ΧһƬ޾ĲԭôһȺĪʵǺţֻɺô򵥡
ķͷ˫˵
ʱķһ˶Ůӵ޶ãʹŮѾļʮ׷ϡ
ʮʿΧм䣬ŮһƬʧı飬ոȼϣҲ˲
ԭӦñ㵽ΪֹˣɵЩʿΧסСŮΪ׵ʿȴȻ̧ͷһѾڲԶķ˵˼䣬ΧЩʿһеųķ߳
ķΧŶʮѪڽſޡ
ѪΪЧ󻯣ѹϢҲЩʿǸڳԭ
ĳЩ飬㣬ܶ㿪ġ
ҶȻŤͷŴѸٽӽȺʿ˵
һȺʦΪ׵ӦòһƷҵľ硣˵չ¶ʵܲܰˣ
ķǼʮʿĽӽЩؿ˵
˵ģ˵İţôչ¶ʵˣ϶ҲֱıʣƿܻøӶҲ˵
ҶȻƺͬķľ
԰ɣҾôĻҲʵǲġ
ķ˵ţڵԪ
ʱĸ·УѾȶϢʱȻͷųЩбŰζ
ȻֻһƷϢ֮ۻأǲһЩ۷϶٣
ķϢڳԭ߳ʮʿʱʧɫӲĳסһ֮ɫĿ˿ַ׷׵ͷء


543 ĳЩıȻԣ£
УǼʮأķԼһϢ
ԷΪ׵ɫޱصĿķһֱۣӵŮӣХһʣתͷȥ
ЩнԶķϵɫȴ˿ûз
˵ĸоΣ
ҶȻЦŴȤһ䡣
ѹܴܾûʲô۶ӣȴƫƫôϢĹȥˣǲζšҪԵľ棬Ͼ
ķЩƮ˵
˭֪أѾôˣЩҲãˮڰɡ
ҶȻοһ䡣
ҵڿЩڿһ飬ֹǿżȻ¼˰Щȫ⣬ʵһ취ֱӳ֣ŮӵɱȻνĿʲôֻҪˣڽ߳ϡ˵İţҪֱӲУֻҪһֱͣɱȥνˣ޿κΰɣ
ķЩȷ˵
ҲΪ뷨ܹʵ֣Ϊ޷жϣôһ·ɱȥǲҲ˵İţϣȥȥ㡣ڰڵ˼룬ѵȷ˱ϣͷ뷨𣿡
ҶȻҡҡͷ˵ȴķһ
ЩˣôԼŻԼ
ķϵЦݸӿɬɴߺһ˼ӿٶȣΪֲõԤУƺһЩ۵顣
ѪǶԴȻЩɻ󣬵ȻķҪǵȻҲֻӡ
ֻһǵѵĸҲ֮Ӵࡣ
ڲڹٵ֮ϣΪĥһ·ǰеĶǻ·Ծܵ߾Ҳûκα߾
׾ٵĿ˱߽뵽һҵ֮ķ΢΢˿
ַֻɵ黹ûгãһǿԪѹѸٵԶ
Ԫѹͷٶȼ죬ŸոճķСĸ֪ΧڣֻǼʱ䣬ֱķĳǰ
ʣ
ķ˫΢Уû뵽Ӧô죬ֲεľ磬½ѾǾԵһǿߣſЩı뺷ӣķΪֻͨˣһһƷڣı߾֮䣬Ѿ㹻ݺˡ
ȴû뵽ͻȻĳһʲεǿߡ
⾿ΪЩʿıǿĴڣΪԼΪΥνˣӶǿ
ûķ̫˼ʱ䣬ʲεǿ׷֮󣬱һԲֱӻַ˹
ɴķЩӦ
ѵӦȺݻ
ȥ˼еʲô飬СֵĻУʲεǿ˹ʽķһʱס˶ҶȻ֣Ȼ˫ֱӳ忪ᶥ
ķҶȻŻͬʱʵԪҲȺĵϣ
ݳİͻȻ嵽ǰʱѾϡԥ㿪
ԾһԪֱӽĳƥȫ˲˺Ƭʵȴûκɱˡ
ΧЩԭڽѵѪǣʷ˹һʱһĸأӾҪʷ𹥻
֪֮Ĳ޴һΧҲֻʱ䣬ȴܶɶвʮѪ̣ȴûκһ˳ֳֻߺµ
ǵ뷨ܼ򵥣ܹΪķȥ㹻ʱ䣬ôǵֵõģ
Ѫɢ룡
ѪѾҪʷΧʱڰյеķȻ
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ӱ˵ӦķķκһۺĻǲġ
ǵķİȫͻʱѪǱ޷ǰˡ
ȴ˿ҲûѪ̺֮ǰ㿪˹İ飬˵˫У·ֻķĴһ㣬ķ˳ᡢͬʱѾϣ
ѵҵĻǶ𣡡
ѪûӦ룬ķֽҶȻקԼ󣬴󺰵ͬʱȭ֣ܽʴȥ
ô죿
ѪǸˣһʱ䣬˷׷ŤͷѪԼѪˡ
ΪǸķʱѪ̡
֮£ƺҲֻ˲⡣
Ӱ˲ɣ̸ɢ룬סһ·Ͻ̸ǵЩԼҪȥ飡ɢҪ½֮ϣȥҽǵ񣡻дӽ쿪ʼǽļѪ̣ķġ񷣡
ķȭͷʻ£ɱУȴΪɣķֱĵ˳ȥ
ֻǼڵɵĹ̵УķȻټĿں
ѪԼѪڲٳɣХһ´ɢ
ţеѪټϰ飬ȫҧ˷ѡ룡
Ǻķ˵ûǿУְﲻʲôæս˶෴һ׸


544 Ӳ˱
ۿѪǺͰɢߣķ˿
Ȼȴûи̫໺ʱ䣬һסȭͷʸֱҶȻĴڣٴǰ壬Ծ˫ֽ滥գӸµֱӳķش
һʵˣķɼԼڵǿȣҲᱻֱҸϡá
Ծ廹ڵ˵İյУķǿͨΧԪĿƣ˲ƾպһҵľ룡
ڰ֮лܹƣȻҲʵ֮⣬ȭ˿մƳȥķֱƷɡ
ӣ
˳ķķתأȻһ嵽ҶȻԣסҶȻ֣˫ޱĳǰȥ
ѾԽܵı߾ߣǰԶһƬïĴ֣Էʵ̫ǿӲӲûκϣԽŴֵĵȥѣһѡ
Ȼ۷ʣ
ҶȻͨӳɵؼٶȱ˼ޣη·𻯳һӰ㣬ïֶܴȥ
ʱļٶȣĺ׷ɱ۷һЩ롣
ʹȻĿֻķһˣɢߵѪ̺Ͱȫ粻۳ķҶȻ֡Ҫ뵽֮ڣޱͬ׷ȥ
һϢʼձʢĳ̶ȣ˿˼಻Ҫġ
ڶ˴֮ڵķȷȷʵԼ󣬲ûȥ׷Ѫ̺󣬳׵Ľķ˶
Ͼֵĵԣܹ뵽ķһѵİգȥ׷Ѫ̵ĻѪɢӣҲҪһЩ˵ġ
ȻԷڳһֻԼģֵĵΡͿԺͶԷλսˡ
ûܵһʱ㽫ԼɱǶԷµĴ
Ӧþǡ˶ͷһɣ
ҶȻķţȻڼٵǰеСȻһ۷ε׷ɱȴ˿ŵɫȤĿڴȤ
֤һ㡣
ķͷҲص˵һ䡣
ڲͣ任ԶЩ׳ܼľ֮УٶȲûнͣǱ֮ǰҪһ֡
СΧǰ̽ʱ˿̵õ֣
ʲô
ҶȻҪȥЩʲôֻҪԪȫȻϢķϢϵһķжˡ
ȲķκζĸͬʱҲҪȥ˼ָж൱ɡ
֤ˣ֮ǰ˵ģǸŮӽӴҲ˱İһ㣬ǴġֱŪһ۷ʶҽ׷ɱǲǿΪѾ߳ŭԴһЩѵ
ķɵ˵
ΪڡС֪̽У۷ʺ֮ľԽԽԶԷȻϰֵĵƶӦҪࡣ
۷ʵͻȻֺ׷ɱ˽еĳ־ջҪǸϣֵĵ·ϡ
ҶȻʼ˵
ˣҲֻȫԸܣС۷ʵϣ˭˵ȥҵߺܴ֣˵û˭޷ȡɻȱġԭ򵥵飬øӺ鷳һЩѡ
ķϺҶȻţٶȴ˿Ӱ졣
۷֮ľԽԽѾʼСֵķΧˡ
ķܵĴһЩʱ۷ʵϢһγİθߣ
ԭԷЩ׷ٶȻ
ڡСĸ֪ΧУԷȻ֮ǰڴǰУֱֱߵķʽʼѸٵĽӽ
ʲô
ֱߣ
κľľѵЩľȫֱӱ۷ײ˲ɣ
𵴣ķǰٶ΢˻Ȼһ¡¡ľ졣
Ȼͷ㿴Լĺ󷽽ԶƬƬľ㵹
ҿ
ķһ䣬תҶȻٴȫԸӴ
۷ʲٹ˼κģֱԼΪǽһ·ôֱײԭĵƣ˲ķơ
ϾεĲҪ٣СΧܺת䷽ҲվٶӰ졣
꣬ķ㷢׷۷Ѿ֮ľһң
֪ȥҲûκ壬ķ˸ͣͬʱӿռָУǰ˳
˿ĭԷֲķʽ׷Ȼļ󣬼ȻӲˣǾƴһսɣ
д⡣
ҶȻ˵ͷᶨվķԡ


545 й
۷ʳ嵽ķҶȻڵĵطʱӭģһĺâ
ķѾվԭصȺһʱ䣬ȫ۷״̬һͻٶȻڶʱİճ̶ȣȫۣ
ﵽ˵ǰķܹﵽˮ׼
׷۷ƺû뵽ͻȻĹȻȫ׷״̬УķͻϮʱγ˶Գ壡
״̬ȻķٶԵøӿţ۷ʶʲôʱӦԡ
ֻǿһȴԼұ۱¶ķ֮£
ۣ
ûκ谭ģķед붹һĴ۷ʵұ۵С
ķý۷ʵֻұȫϵ
Ȼ۷ʵķӦȴǱ죡
ͻȻشʹûӰ쵽۷ʵĶķ֮ǰ۷ʵֱѾȭķԴϴȥ
ķԼĶô۷ʵֻұ۶ᱻеԴҲȻᱻ۷һȭ򱬡
֮£ķֻܳ˴Уͬʱǰһ۷ʵҲ㿪۷ʵȭͷ
ڣڻķУƿ֮۷ʵĲǰ
ҶȻеϸҲ۷ʵؿڴȥ
ķڶ۷ʵȭͷ󣬲ûнκλ㷭һȭ۷ʵĺ󱳴ȥ
Ȼڴæ֣Բ㣬ԭļԪıƶ̶ȻǷǳŵģһȭܹ۷㹻в
һ̽䣬۷ʽֻһ۵ʧ󣬾ʱԼ뵽˱лľ״С
һεǿվйľ棬±ֻԵˡ
ʱվȴһ۷ʣ
ۿ˵Ĺ۷ʺȻͷХһԭΪֲƾٴͻƣġ·Ѿﵽĳ̶ȣ
Ϣʱ䣬۷ʵγһȦۿǽ
ӶצӿУֱӺ۷ǰǽϣǽ˾ҵײȻɢޡ
ҶȻĽͬǽϣڻķУϸǽϴһЩȣ۷ʵؿڣȻż׵ľ룬޷
ģˣ
ķȭͷͬ۷ʺ󱳴ǽϣԭΪˣǽǶǽӲĺɢȻһȭ۷ʵıϣ
ϧɢǽ̫һȭ۷ʵĺʱѾǿ֮ĩûж۷̫ɱˡ
۷ʽֻ³һѪϢӲĽķҶȻ˳ȥ
ҶȻֱӵײһžϣƺһ˵ϣɫ˲԰
ȻǿûнгȻѾΪⷴ˲ơ
ķңųȥײĵһû赲ס⵹ɵͷҲϸֱӱķײϡ
ôӲײĿɺֱþɲǿķ
ֻôһ˲ĹķҶȻͬʱˣǻΪԶûܵʲô
۷ȻҲùʱڣϢεؼƺҲǲС
ڽķҶȻ֮۷ʵϢѸٻ䣬Ľޣһ·µ˲ֻƷҵĲΡ
һС㣬ֻһƷҵľ磬Ȼܹôвˡ
˿۷ŤͷѾӵһһķ˵
˵
ķ˿ѪЩ⡣
ȻѲΪưͣ
Ŷ÷ϣֻԼһС˼ˡ
ķ˻ƹ۷ʣߵҶȻԣֽҶȻӵϷͬʱмҶȻȷƲ̫غҲԷЩ
ȷʵû뵽Է˵ΪŸһһԲֱӳ֣ķΪ۷ֱӱν˸ı˼άķʽϸĿһ뷨ȷʵ̫ס
ν˵ĺۼķչҲ϶ᱻŵ㹻
վʵ̫ȻǱƵҲòʹط״̬Ҳù֮£ǻܹ֧ŶãҺܺ档
һ˵ţһ߻ķҶȻ
ߵúƺǹΪ˸ķҶȻѹһ㡣
ѾܵҶȻǰͣĳ죬ֻǹСͣвûκɱ
ûеһʱͬ˵˱ȱϿҪöࡣҲΪûлᡣ
ķЦǺǵ˵
һҪڲ⣬ȴû뵽ķҶȻǺȻͬʱ֣


546 ŭ
ȻûκϵĽҲûκζϵİʾķҶȻ֮ĬʵѾĳֲ֮ϣ
ŽҶȻĹķҶȻϢѾȫͨһֱ˫޺Ŀǰϰͬһֹ˵ĹԣʹҶȻȥķ֪ڴʲô⡣
ķ䣬ɹʵעҶȻķȫͬġûκʱģʷ˹
һʩչܽһʩչԭ
˾ôģʷ͵Ϯ
ƫƫ͵Ϯɹˣ
ԭܽһ˲ںǱԶ״̬ǿĶ
֮ǿϢ»ŬҪͨʱлָ˵ѾﵽΣĵز
Ŀںϵһ֣˫ͫһҵ
붼δ룬ŭһȻٴʩչ˷ŸոʩչΪ֮˾޴۵ط
ķҶȻĶʵ̫죬Ҳ̫֮⣬ٴ޷ж£ֻѡӲ
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ڷŵһʩչʱľ磬Ѿ˾޴Ĳࡣ
䣡
ķҶȻںһûκλڵĺʵϣ
ںһķҶȻʱоһʵƣ
һƺ˲ȫγ˾޴ͬʱҲֱʧȥ˼ս
һҪɹ
ķĬĬһ䡣
ڱһ֮Ϣٴγ˾ҵ»
ֻһεϢ»̶ȣԶȷһθصö࣡
һεϢ»ֻʴ۷ʵĲΣ䵽ֻǿƷϢˮ׼ϣһεϢ»ȴǸɾĵʵľ硭
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ķźǡشԷҲû
Ϣľ»ʹöԷ״̬ǳ⣬֮ĳɢԭеӰҲǽ
Էƺվټ֡
ҡҡλεĺʱпܵ£ȴƫƫûе£
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ҶȻΪ͸֧ѵ촽һȻĿʵ
ô졭¡Ȼһ￴ѾΣʱȥ״̬ҲûкõȥսҲ̫ܰɡҩʱ
ķ˵ֱ꣬ӳŻһڡ
ԾҶȻԣȻһޱ㾡ȫĳŴ˽ȥ
ֱһ޵Ӱʧ˴֮УԪըĳų׵ɢȥ¶˳
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547 ð
ķȷʵûԤϵһνĶ˵ĿȻὫƽ㾳ء
ԼĽǶ˵һεΥ»еѡ񣬸ֻΪ˼򵥵̽°ˡ
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ô
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ķԼѵ촽˵
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ķȭŤͷǷ·ܹһеİ֣˵


548 ɱ
ٴﲻͣشŴǷڴ֮дš
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ӽƬֿʼѾཫʮûкϹ۾Ҳûйκ̼ϢټˣʹٴԼʵѾĳּޡ
ʧȥұۣܼʱֹѪȱһֻ첲ƽҲγɲСӰ죬Ӷ⽫ʮ׷УԶ״̬´öࡣ
رһµʱǻᾭСĵı̤뵽һЩ嵱УЩвĲ࣬Ҳͬ͹ϼӴġ
ٴʹ࣬ȫû˴γȻ֮ѡ
ͷһ֧ţѾ׷ɱˡ
ֻһ뵽Լһˣʧȥұۣܲشȥľ磬ٴֱ뷢йķŭ
ַŭ֧һֱֵڣ¸о״̬ÿ£ҲɲԸ
ɱԷĲݣ
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ҶȻʱķסķȻķһ¡
ˡ
ҶȻ˵
ķȻؿԵˣ˰κһɵЦԼĺס


549 Դ
ðղɱʺķҶȻڴ֮нһܵʱ䣬˴ֵıԵ
֮еǲľܹ͸Щ֦ҶïĹ߼٣֮ǰУжϲ
ķҶȻֻܹܵĳͬһǰУȷ뿪Ƭ˵
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ÿ춼һҵʱ仨˯ϣԾĲ;ĺ
˯ߵʱ򣬻䵱Ľɫ
ܻǰսֻ൱۷ңֲûޣֻǸҰ޺еĴ֮ڣҲ㹻ưˡ
ۿǰڿʼԭҰķ˿ǰĻȻصƿĸо
ֵıԵһ¡
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ַǳյĴ϶ҹջ·ʰš
˴˻֮ȫʶ峤Ǵɷ
Ը㣬Ҳжٶ˼봾ӣķоΪ
˴峤ӺһͷѾ⣬ϵ嶼ܹӵ˳ķҶȻǰ
ķҶȻǰķ˵һ飬峤̧ͷ˿ķͷˣܹо㲢ûл˼ȻҪʱסڴǾסɣһ㰲һס˼ңڴסҪشĹأһ㣬ϣ⡣
ȻǷ޶ֻҪƣǾͻ뿪϶ŵ
ķ˵
ǾͺãǮ֮ĶҲ֧Ǵӵճܺã컹ûʲôģǾסļȥɣ⺢Ӻܿǰĸĸ㶼̲šڼֻһԼסпķ䰲ǡһֱǳ棬˵ʱܶ飬Ǹĳˣ룬Ҳǳ˵ġ
ϴ峤ɳɤ˵
ķȻ޲ɣͷӦ
ʼ·߱ķҶȻ뿪˴峤ӣȻŴ嶫ͷȥ
ڴ峤סԵʣߵ̬ԱȷҪ׺һЩ
ǰҵ·ϣͣĸ˽ŴһЩԼڵһЩɡ
ԱܹһȽ˽⡣
ԽƫԶĴ䣬ܶʱԽ࣬Ȼ󲿷ֵĹضȻȻȥصģԲʲôĵط
ܿ죬ߵĴһԺ⣬һӦѾʮԺŲ


550 
˻ͷԵģȻһ忴ȴΪʵҲҪͬ˸һЩȻȷʵȱʳڳʱܹõǳʱӪӦ
׻˵Сӡӣϣںܶ˵ܹԱʵϾѾĪҸˡ
ߴķ߽ԼԺӣ˲¶ͷϵĺˮȻıĴܵߵǰ
ߺǳ˵ԴЦǺǵĽ˵һ顣
˲Ŵ۾ؿ˿ķֿ˿ҶȻűɫ΢˵㣬Ưҳô󣬻ûôƯġƯСҽ㶼㡣
⻰һʮһ˵Ե쳣Դʷǳأ˵̾ȻӳϿңҲκĿġ
ҶȻ䣬Ҳɵ¶ůĵЦݣͬǰ˵ͷлл
Ц˿Ĵ˴ű㺦ߵĵͷЩ޴˵үү֪ˣÿסͺˣ˳ӸСҽҺööʳһҲԲꡣ
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ķ˱ŻܵԺȻֽԭŵļƹűǵһʱĪЩۡ
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Ҳ֪ϣͬһĵطж١Ҫ£Ҫ˶뵽ս֮У֪ͬĴӣҪսٵˡ
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ķЩ䣬ҶȻæת˻⡣
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һԵҶȻķı仯ɺʵ
ȿȡȷʵǹɵĽĹз˲һķؼͼؼͳһ湦ؼĹУ߻һηһı仯ֱ仯ʽǴʱڽе֣ṹϵر⡢飬ȵȫ֮󣬾ͻԸǿȫò֡
ķջṩЩϢϸͬҶȻ͵
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ҶȻһȻı顣
ɺϡ
ķЦһ˵Ϊε⣬ôǵһεӦ÷ͻʱ֮󣬱ֱͻƳӶʥѷףΪʥͽ֮ǰǲܲ˵ʹںϼ屻˲Ϳգ˶ҡĳ̶ȣ˲ڱѡǰ˵һ
ķĽͣҶȻգգ۾ЩɵŵǰǡҪͻʥͽʱ򣬻ܵʲôӰ𣿡
Ӱ죬Ӱ첻ڳʱô֮󣬱ֱӳΪʥͽڱȵʱǻҪȥ͸ڴﵽ˺һľ磬ܳɹʥ
ô˵ĻӰϿԺԲƣ
ѽΪǱȽУʱϡ޷ȷòܹȫɹǵ߶һЩʱˡ
ķһε˵


551 ѡȨ
ڴסºĵڶһ磬ķҶȻˬ˹
Ȼ崦ڲϵıĹ̵УĽ̷ǳȻǶʱھܹɵġ
˱Ҳû֮ǰκεҲûκ壬ϵ˫Ҳͣһûû֮˯һʵһܡ
ʱȴڼѾԺкǼֻƹ
ϻǼƹСǼƹȴһڻǰųһţͬʿĽһ㣬Ƶڻƹǰŷ
һĹ򣬾ԺʮֻļѼҲ׷˹Ǽƹһһļơ
һĻСﰲϢûҲоǳ
ķŴôһ棬̲סЦ˵
ʱڻ÷ǳܣһʱ䳤ˣ¾Ӧˡ
ҶȻЩϧ˵
ŵʱ򣬾ͿıĳԺſڡ
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ķ΢΢Щ죬С˲ſȻķ֣Ȼһʦεޡ
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ǰƬо޴ܳܵǴԼĻӣǸӵĶӳѧġֻңûкӣҪѧȳԺ󣬲ܸõرӡ
˵
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ķվǰȭЦʵ
ɡʱ뿪ӣ洳˺öʱ䣬⼸Ż񡭡˰ɣҼǲˡǶϲǽˡģ˶رĻرΣգȻϲû˭Ҫȥġ
ͣػСȭͷһ߻ͬʱһ߿˵
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ķķһƷʦֻ˵ǲǿ⣬ֻĴ˵ԣֻ˵Чһ㡣
һֱķʽͰȥϰĻԺҲͣߵľѡ
ʲô
ҶȻķԣķһĻϰСʵ
Щò⡣
ķʼ硣

롭ҪҪһЩõĶͦϲСһģļסһЩӦĲҲȻ顣
Ȼˣڳʲô
ڳɡ̻õĶǺǻ֪ģ˵ֹġһ˵ӵжĶѶ仯ġһΪޡܰĵסǵ𣿡
ķЦһŤͷҶȻֻ˵˵еĶɹһҸ
ҵǾ㲻Ҫ˷ա
ҶȻ΢΢һЦȭͷ˵Ŭϰ֤ϲѧġȻˣ̸һЩĶΣĵȷʵпܷô֪뿪ӣʶĹͷ룿ķеʱҾ¿÷ǳͨ͸·һ۾ܹκıʣеʱ־굽ţǼìܰ
˼ǡ
ķЩɡ
ҵ˼ǣ̸ѧķκεĻ䵣ɲҪӰ죬һǶȥ⡣٣㲻ĻôδǱ̶ģ̸ô˵ԼȥѡȨҲΪĽ˵һ¡
ҶȻĽͣķͻȻԳЦЦ
˵Ķԣ̫˵㡣һѡȨ㹻ˡԺ󾿾Σ˭˵׼ء
˵꣬ķǰߵǰԴ΢Цſڵ벻ѧ似
似ʲô
Ȼʵ
ΪСһĶ
ķ˸ݴ˵
ģ룡룡ܽ𣿡
Ȼ


552 
ĳһµʱķҶȻЩֲ˼ޱȰе
ÿ峿𴲣ȻܵΨһʦԣʹĺͯһ𣬸ʦѧϰҪ۵Ķ
ѧ֮󣬱صУķԶһЩָͽ̸һЩԼ֪
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ΪʱƣԽоλӳ̵Ķʵ̫ĵط
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˼УΪʲôķЩ߱ˣȻ䵥ļ֣Ȼķ˵ˣҲӦˣôͻᾡԼܵıܡ
οεĵûܻǷֵġ
ķ̸ЩȻļʶ޷֪жô󣬵ֻͨʹﻤӶӳѧЩжԱȣжϳһЩ
ʱķҶȻԽĹȫʦֻ֮ǳźǣԼҪʦͷʱȴķԥľܾ
Ϊʵ˼졣
ֱһǰķȻһҩ£֮һޱ裬衢ԡͰг󣬱Ȼķ֣ԼѾΪһʵߣ
ĸоҲԶȳΪ֮ǰǿࡣ
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ԣ׻ü򵥵Ŀ֣ķֲûнֹչ¶ѾΪߵʵӵ˷ܡ
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ָ̾С۵飬Сеĵõ˼㡣
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˲ûжķҶȻͻȻֵİ˱ֳκε⣬ޱľܵĶṩûõİ
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ֱķҶȻǷ޵Ϣֱ֮ײɴ˶
ⲢӰǶҶȻ¶øС
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ѵá
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ȻóķǷܣʱķĿУʵѾ˾ԵϣĲԸֻܴӦһԼӡ
ͻȻãҲһ顣
ҶȻ˿ķӵţ˵
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źķЦߵҶȻǰȻؽ쵽ҶȻ·
ֻһʱЩпѣܸоƺ;ϵżĺôָֻоȽģʱ޷жϡ
ҶȻķ˿ϣȻ˿ķĻԱķ̽·ܹһЩ
Ҳͬĸоסţʱʲôȥǣÿƽ͵ķ·綼ûκηһ㣬ȷʵľž޴ĺô
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ָٶ»Ҫסܳʱ䣬ҩûκЧģֻǵȴ
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ҶȻѯʣķ΢΢üԭˬʵ飬ʱƽ˼


553 
ķҶȻû뵽ǾȻһסʱ䣡
ıܵḶ́ʼձһ㶨ٶϣʱ䣬ֱܲȫɣ
һ糣糿̫쳹ԺӵļУķҶȻͬʱ˫ۡ
˴ʱϥڿϵƣϣҲסʱУΨһû˯жɹҹ
ΪѾӽٷ֮ٵɣеˣ֮ǰһ̣ķʽԼܵͷһЩҪ⡣
ʵ֤˵ĵĶЩˡ
ޱ˳ڵʱ˫۵˱о·ӭһ㣡
ڵϢޱԲڣǿ֮ǰֱʵı仯
еƶʧ˸ɸɾΧԪĸ֪ʹãЧҲ˼ΪĽ
ڿϵķҶȻһۣ˱ͬʱ¶Цݡ
˼飬ҾԼ·ǿܹսʤһеˡ
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ʱҶȻûйһ
ô˵ʱ뿪˰ɣ
ҶȻʵкĳһ˿ᡣ
ס㹻ˣҲ֪ѪǶôˣ˵ʧ꣬ϣû˶衣
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Ȼ֪ôһ죬һĵǺܲãҡϲ
ҶȻ￴˿ƺҪÿһطԼԺС
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ķҶȻͷʾο
ҩһɣôԱ֮ȻطǳƫƧκˣҪһʱҩȫڴ峤ɴ峤ˡ
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ҶȻ鲻ǺܺãȻ˵ûʲô仯Щ䡣
ķûж˵ֻ§סҶȻļ࣬Ȼ㽫Ľﺨ˯Ļ𣬷ԼļϣҶȻ߳˷䡣
ʱѾԺ˰ÿ첻ʱʹӴ̶ࡣ
ķҶȻ˳ʱеĸͷܵķǰЦؿڵʦʦôô硣
ķʼҲûͬΪͽķҶȻĳƺһǰԶתʦʦˣķǷϣҲӰԼִ˲ƣ
Ҫȥ￴һǰڴڲǳ޵ټȥֻץ
ķԴ
ʱȥѾǰʮ֣̫߳죬ԵЩݡ
ʲôʱҸ׼緹
Ӧò˶ã֮ǰ϶ܸϻ
ķĻشӦһȻٴ˸ӣЩûĲ
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ֻҪſСַΧķţҪҵֻޣỨ̫ʱ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱѹһֱô˯ȥĻѵôʼղ𣿡
һ·ŴȥͬʱʹЩϰ˴кֱ˴֮ҶȻſʵ
ſķϵĻϸ΢Ĵͨ˯״̬ûκβͬ
ʵϣѾ˯֮ã
ڰ֮ǰһγԵķøĵҩ󣬱뵽˴ʱĻ˯С
ԭһʼʱķҶȻû⣬ֻΪ̰˯Щ
һʱȥȴûκҪѹ˼ķҶȻЩֽš
ȻķҶȻʲôֶΣʼ޷ӻ˯лѣоǽ뵽ĳڳɳֻ߽״̬Уķ㲻żֻϸĶԻһ飬ȷûʲôҲͲȥˡ
ôһֱ˯ڡ˯˰ꡣ
ܸоõò˶ãͻˡһɷǳֲ治֪СһﳤԺ󣬻Ǹʲôӡ
Ӧû׳ɣ
˵ϣԽʧԽ󡣡
֪ô϶᲻˵ġ
ΣҧҰ
˾ôл죬뵽ǶºĴ֮С


554 ֮
ٽ磬ĸʼȼ翵Ĵ̣ĸҵУũһ쵱жֻٷ
ΪܼʳƵʻʳĴɾ޴ѹ
ֹڴȴУֵЩأʮַģڵϪˮٵϺС
Ҫô֯һԶӣǰȥ֮ϵĴ֮УȡһЩҰޣҲǷǳõѡ
һӵʦĴ˵ȡЩҰ޸κεΣտԡ
ӵˮƽʼմڼߵĲ֮ϡ
ķʳҲһзʳУΪʢһ٣ԴʱĴƮ˵Ĳ㡣
ԭ׳ҲѾεڵĻ˴ӣ׼˶ӺϢϢɹɹ̫ȥؼδɵ
ʱһ󼱴ٵ˴һͰľ
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УķҶȻȥ峤üʵ
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Ϊ׵׳һ֮ɫ˵˵ͬʱԼе˦ġžžֱ졣
ԭ֮ˣһֱڴֺгյУʱȻ׳ôһŻ˶Щ
ֻб׳һ޳鵽˵ϵߣڲΡΡվ֮󣬼ǿӲ˴ǰǱһѪܵĴӣ߿Եɫࡣ
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ӸũҪõĳͷƽʱвõĲ˵ߦõߦȣӦоС
ڿڴڵĵϡѾΪ̫ضεȥʱЩ׳ʱȼŭ𣬼ر嶯ҪֱŶȥ׳ƴˡ
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׳΢΢ۣŻӳЦһڵû뵽ôƫƧһȻʦǳҵ֮⡣ǿ˰ɣôֻҪɱ㣬ҲӦöҪôȥˡ
˵꣬׳еٴλӶͬһ㵯˲סǻӳ䣡
ţдĿ֮£׳һקӳʱһĲҽУ˾Ǳϣ


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Ѿ֪ûмʶѪˣƫƧĵطͬ㰲ô˶磬Ѿûһ׼ȷ֪
ڿŻӳϣ°ֱӷ룬ϰһʱ仹ûȥֻޱʹץŵ棬อȴ˳ŶѵһأĻ˵ǰÿһ˶뵽˴͵С
ܶԼ۾ôĿɿڴĿǻӳʹнûϢĴǲڷӦ˹
һʱָľڶԭǼ嶯׳ȴûľٶ
ֻһ¶Ȼ֮ɫĿϵ׳¶һ˿ηɫ
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壡
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ŭ˶ȻŤͷΪ׵׳˫һƬͨĽеͬʱֱӳΪ׳˹ȥ

ʱķҶȻŸո˴ֻޣȻ߻ص˶µıϡ
ķԤƵǰƬֵֻ޵ĻΧȻƬ²ԶҶȻڽֺ󣬽Ѱһʱʱ䣬ֻ֪޵Ĵڡ
һֻսֻ൱ƷʦҵȺУʵеƫ£Իûδ塣
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ҶȻķУͬʱ˵
Ϊ˳ûе̫ãʱ翪Щʱ䣬ߵĲż
ܵϢӰ죬޻ԭڵ޶뿪ԭڸͬε޻̶ĻΧ뿪ĻΧǲܵ顣һֱ޻ԭļض߼ģ޴ѣȻ޷ӹ۾ȻҲܻܳôԶľ롣
ķҡҡͷοֻǻһ㣬ӷŵͿԿóܺǴ޻ԭܳģôԶľ룬һ·֮ϻҲ֪٣ҲлܵƬԡΨһܹ뵽ԭ򡭡˹
˷ôܣ˼ǡֻ޻ԭڵĲ
ҶȻ΢΢Щ졣
ûʲôܵģֶԭ򣬲ûʲôĵط˴޵ע⣬ҪԼһҲʲô顣Ͼ۴κһǶȥ޶Ǳ޸ǿսʿΨһ鷳ֻڣԣһֻƵƷ
ķгһ˿ǡ
ɡ²ǰ㣬ֻȻƬУĿΪѰҿ޵ķôǻΣգһȥֱǺţöԷ˴ӵĴڣһԥؽӴĨȥɣܹ޵Ҫһ㣬Ӧòѡ
ҶȻҲɵõ
Ŀǰֻǲ²⣬ûôҲ˵ʲôȷʱûҪԼŻԼ
ķһʱҲûͷֻܿڰο
䣬СֵķΧԵȻһǿϢ
ͬʱϢҲĸ֪Χڡ
⣡ˣ
ķɫ΢䣬ҶȻ֣ͬʱס˼ϵĻʱ⣬Ŵڵķȥ


556 ʱϵ
;ȻܹӵоƷʦľ磬츳ʵǾˡʥУӵ츳˶ûСǲ˼飬ȻżƫƧСҵ
ʮʿУΪ׵׳ǰ˵ſڵϵһı顣
ŭ֧£ӳԶ޶ȵʦ֮䣬Խĺ蹵ϵ׳ûзѶٹ򣬾Ͱſڵˡ
ڼϲ׳Ҳû֣ģǽȥ顣
ɢˣС˲ȥʹϴԣԺ϶ܳΪʥ̵ɢҲȻܵʹİ
׳Եʿ̲סյ׳ԣһĵı˵
Զˣ׳׾ٵĴ壬ÿ˵϶Ǿֵı顣
׳չֳ֮ǿѾʧȥκεֿ˼ǾôԼĺͯʵǲġ
һʱ䣬ÿһ˵ﶼìܵ
ٷϻϽ꣬Ǻûȥ⣬ǻĿ꣬ʱûôԣ
׳ô˵ţȴһ־ı飬ĿŴеĴһۣ̰ѷҪͯޣûģʱĻҾͰвҪȫɱ⣬ȻԼȥҡȻ鷳һЩҸоʹ죡
׳ôһɣеĴʱһƬȻſڴ˲Ȼ׳вǵ뷨ͳһ
ڳֵĻң׳¶һ˿ͷɫҪ´ɱǰȴȻһ
һŮͻأĳ׳ǰ

׳΢΢һڿŮӵĳ˵ıʱ˾޴ı仯
áӡȻôŮˣ
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ʦʦǡɱɱ塭
ˣſڵ޷ڿķҶȻֺһֱǿŵڳۡ
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ʱ䣬ÿһ˲඼Ѿʶ۶ķ˵ǶҶȻʵĴӣ·͵ǵĵڶҡ
ЩȻǵˡ
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ҶȻߵ׳ǰʱһϢѾ͵˴൱ƷҵĲΣ
׳Ϣ֮£ԭŵ˷֮ɫȥȫ־;ıȡ
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ȻΪ׵ȱɱЩĶΪ׵£һЩҪ
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ҶȻͷҲص˵һ䣬ؿǰ׳һۺתͬ׳Ƕһϸ˲佣תеʿ
׳ȴҶȻŲ֮󣬲Ļһˡͨһֱ˵ϡ
ΪҶȻ˫Уɱ⣡


557 ݻ
ʮʿУûκǿߴڣΪ׵׳һ⣬ʿֻʦĲΡ
ҶȻĽ֮УЩʿûκεĵֿҲȫ޷ķӦ
էȻ֣էȻʧǰ󲻹֮䣬ҶȻѾս
Щʿǻ֮ЩĪĿ˿ƺ׾ʲô
ҶȻתɲǣʮʿȴȻͬʱʼַֽĺۼȻЩʿǻûзӦʱǵ˲֫⣡
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ˣʲô
ҡѡͯģʥҪʼһĻɢˣҪͯ𡣡
׳Ͱ͵˵
Ҳ˵һƬӵͯҪץȥ
㡭ǰɡֻҪҵĴӡͲŹЩ̳ͯͻϴԺϿѵֻѵдͯԺܹΪʥ̵ɢˣ̭ͯţᱻʥ̵ͨˡҲˡ
ķĺŵЩ飬׳ޱϣķʵļ򵥣Ҳش棬쳣ϸ
ǵ̳
ķʵ
׳Щԥȴ־ô΢ԥĹķѾ̧ҪǸõϥҲӡ
һ飬æټѿڽ̳λ˵˳
ƺ̫Զǵ̳ʵΣ
ķ룬Ժ΢׳˵̳λãʵ
ʥڣɢ˶ӵڵʵʹľ硣ϵĻʣ𡭡ԡܷܲңλλ㶼ӵʲεҲҲǽĶ֡
׳˵һ룬ȻֹΪķû˵Щʲô˵ͬʱѾתߵԡ
ʱͨҩһƻȫָոմӵ
⴦ɣҾͲˡ
վԣķֳ׳һָ˵
ʱ˫˴һɱ׳ȥ
׳һ֪ڽӣҪȫҪ
ɻûһԵҶȻȻӽܽû׳ȴ˲׳壬ȻĽ׳ȫΪһٷϳ

Ϊϣ˺Ѱʹ׳̲ס߿Ĳҽ
ҺܱǸˣʵЩͻȻҺȻӦҲڴˣȻνİݻ̣нڣôܵնݳӱ㲻ð
һ޵׳ͬʱķǸؿŴеĴ񣬿˵
ʱд񣬰峤ڣÿһ˶ĿɿڴĿķ
ȫ޷ԼסˣȻǳǿߣ
ġķ㡭ǡ
峤գգ۾ЩŲ֪˵Щʲô
ϴ峤лҺҵ֮ǰˣʱһֱˡҲˣԡ޷ڴˣϴ峤¡
ķʵĹ˵
ѹ֡ѹ֡Ҿ˵ôɫˡ϶ġ
ϴ峤˵
ʦҪȥǸʲôݻ̵̳һȥ
׳Ʊеһ˹˵


558 ϣ
һƬΡɽ£ƥ˳ɽŵ·š
ϵʿȻķҶȻԼŭǻҪ
ƥǴ֮ǰǼʮʿƥѡģΪ׵׳Ѿ֪˰ݻ̳λãķҲֻܹȷһµЩݻ̵ӦûҵĿĵء
Ͼʶ;·;УܶʱԶ֮ϵġ
ƺŵһ˿ıζ
ϵҶȻ˵
ڸٵķɳ۵УҶȻʼձھԵˮƽϣȫΪµı˿
ô˵
ķҶȻûκβͬıֵļѣʹûǺ˯ţſļϣȴж㻬Σա
ǰݻ𣿡
ҶȻָʵ
ȻûС
ķʼ磬ĵⱲûϱҲûκƵĽɰ
һĺ֯ռϢУûжɵ鱨ôԺĽ;ֻ֡
һһУ㲻ڹ
ǡɵĴڣں֯ķǾԺĳԱ˵Ҳһܡ
ͺЩѰȸװһ
ݷ׳˵ݻ̵ǿߣҲֻһѣ֮µĻʹ֮ģֻʺĲζѡ
һʵ˵ǿǿ˵ĽɣʵҪ־ص
ķڵһܣһУڡ
˵ĻǾͺ˼ˡ
ԣܾáݻУܹҵѰҵװ
ҶȻƽ˵
ķ˫΢У¿һ
ٿɣʵǷˣݻ̣Ƕڡʱ䣬ǸѾұȥǣҵĵطǸָ궼ν˵İţҾˡΪ˷ˣҲΥģһһɡ
ķ̾˿Щε˵
˵󣬴иʮ׵ľ룬ķҶȻûκģ޷ľᣬͶԵĿˡ
ʱϣ˳޵ﻤӶӳĿͻȻǰĸ
Ǿôֱɱϰݻ̵ֻ̳ǵһһĻа취Ըģݻ̵̳һЩǿߺĽڣôɲС鷳ɣ
ҶȻûнķĻһ⡣
ҪԼǵжĻܻ鷳һжܹӳս󡣡
ķŤͷҶȻ΢΢һЦҪڵЦҶȻ䣬ȴǺȻ˶
Ѿ˯ĻȻϸ΢Ļ塣
ķȼСķȻ
еʱһеֱӲĴӸټͣ
ҶȻķӦһЩûӳٶãҲǲ׵ľ룬ҲԼͣ
֮ľ൱ȫԾܷӦͣλȴǺ˻ϲࡣ
ôˣ
ҶȻϣķѾɵĿʵ
жˡ񡭡Ҫˡ
ķſԼϵĻСķ˵ϣЩŵؿ˵
ҶȻһ㶣ҲæŵߵķԣŴ۾Żʱڵϡ¶ġŵС
վԶһЩĵطϳ޵ɫ࣬ǶԻޱȹеģ
һС˯еĻȻֻСǰצͬʱڣ˲ͷųǿϢ
Ϣ֮ǿңΧĿʹķҶȻǰȻһͬ쫷ķѹ
ܵģķҶȻͬʱֵ̧סԼգƫͷ
ɷѹĴ£ԻΪģγһֱҵķΧⷶΧڵлҳܿͱѹ˸ɸɾ
ӻɢϢԽԽǿңķҶȻĿʼѹһ㡣
ֺһѾ쫷紵˺üͷǱĹʮ׿ľˡ
ķʼоڻѹԽԽеҪﵽܹ̬ͨٽʱǰͻأֳ˴۵İ׳â
âȼ̧ͷֱ̫һ̼ķ˶ݵʧ
ڡС£ڻϵı仯ȻĳķԺС
ԭСų׹âͬʱʼۿɼٶȣϵչͱ


559 £
չķȣʵѾķ룬ͣԭСת˲Ѿ͵˱һĴС
һڼͣ
ֻ͵ٶԵĳ˻͡
͵ͬϻСʱڳ׵ͣ
׵ĹâɢȥѾȫáɰʻȥݵĳ˵ǰ
һĿı飬ҶȻҲ޷ټԼеƽķΪСԵʣ׼û̫ܵ𶯡
ʱڵϵĻȻȣͬʱ˸Ƿʵ˯ۡ
֫󣬻͵һޱȻĽһȻӴֱӳķȥ
ķɫʱ䣬ĿԼһӰ֣Ȼֱӱ˵˵ϡ
ƺû뵽Լķ˵ѹķϣ㶣һ˿ɻ󣬽ע⵽Լı仯

ķڵϣֻ֧ŻļؽᵽһߣǱĴӵһɫĴϵĻҳ
Ƕڵϣצ̧Լǰ˿Ȼԭת˼ȦƺڽԼʵ
ô£ղϢѾﵽĲ˰ɣ
ҶȻǰߵķԣʵ
˰ɡ֮ǰһֱϲԸָĵҩЩҩ̺ԪǷǳӴģô൤ҩڻܵһĳ̶Ⱥ󣬴ʹŻ巢˳ɳͱ仯Ψһܹ뵽ԭˡ
ķͷǺȷ˵
ȴķ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ𣬽ͬͻһӴȻʼ˴С
ķҶȻע£ָܿСһͣȻͷһ˷֮ɫԾҶȻĻС
⡭⻹ȥ
ҶȻʶıסĻȻʵ
СԴҶȻĻﹰ˹Ȼ˵ͷ
Ϣı仯󣬻ĲΣ͵ĴСӰ컨Σ롭Ҫչ¶ٷ֮ٵսĻҪָͲſ԰ɣ
ķЩȷ˵
䣬ҶȻĻٴε˵ͷ
ԭԭǹ
𾪵ҲǻعǰߵķԣҶȻСɿɰĻ˵

ķһȻı飬̲סЦ
Сצӣǲĳ˻ӡ
ˣȻҲѹʵ˾޴ôǴоͻøˡǰݻ̵̳Զˣȸ·ɡ
ķ໨СԴЦſ˵

ʦɴ˴Ϲǰݻ̵̳а𣿡
ķ֮ľ֮⣬ǧӦǽʿŮŮɽ½ż򵥵Ϣ
ЩʿУΪ׵һʮ˵ӣǿˣϢŨӦòӵʵĲΡ
ѯʵģУΨһһŮԴŵ
İɣƶǲЩϲ̨ͨɣɿǻɣͬİΣһЩӢӵʵҪЩͨɵһǿöࡣݻֵ̳ʱ䲢㳤Ȼ죬ʵգվҲǽɰˣǿҲǿȥԵסֵġ
ŮӺǳͷ˵
ʦ̫ǣȻǰݻ̹Ī⣬ʵʵ̫ǿֺα˲ͷ¶β˴֪˰ݻ̳λãҪ֮һٲݻ̼İաͻУֻĩɾа
һλӦ߰ʮ߳˵
ľ˵û⼸һֱڰеѼڰݻ̵鱨Ŀǰ֪ݻ̵ɢ˴ӵڵʵӦûʹͻεĸ֣ɢ֮£ͨڡ
Ǵ˴ζ԰ݻ̵ΧжһЩ鷳յĽȴı䡣ҲŴ˴ζ԰ݻ̵ΧˣڵĵǶѪʱİݣǶˡ
һװЦſ˵
ͬʱ˵ͷȻͬ˵Ŀ
Ϊѯʶ˻ͷ࿪ʼĵʱΧȻ
ǧԭϢ򸽽ͬʱʼֺɱ
źɫ·İݻڷ·ƾճһ㣬˲佫ǧ˰ΧС
֮ǰɵλţûз˿ݻڴڵĺۼ


560 
ǰڷһģСս
ķҶȻУ˵ſļϣͣצӸץͷƤ
Ŀ˻ֱС󣬵һʶʵһԴ˱ֳ˼ĺ档
עתֺ࣬ϵı仯Ȼкô
ڻ˽֮ԭƥ˲ȫ̱˵ϡ
ķʹķʽƥʼó˿־Ż
ȷƥ޷úķ˾ֻܷĳ˲УûȫʩΪٶȻ
սݻ̳ôսܴĿҲͬݻйءҪȥ𣿡
ҶȻʵ
˳·ǰսңڽһʵϲصһ֯ĸЧʺͲθУһʲεǿߣһӦ֧Ų˶õʱ䡣
ķǰһָ˵ôƵĹȥɣӿٶˣҲ֪ʲôˣǵǴ֮ٸϵȽϺãñԵ޹ʵǣȥ
һ˵ţһͨСԲԶսγɾĸ
ľ룬˴ʱŵִĿĵء
ʱǷսѾһƬǽ壬ʬ˵ƽһƬԭҰ֮ϡ
ֻǼ򵥵ɨһۣʹܹǧʬ壬󣬷ŵս̣жôҡ
ЩʬУʺɫķΣֻһЩʬ壬žװ
ǧϥڵϢţǵɫܹһЩƣζоʱ
ķ˵ĳֵһʱȺ˵ע⣬ΧЩʱվеΪؿķˡ
޴ԶԷϥڵϣźɫķˡ
Ȼڷǳսȡ˴ȫʤսԴʱЩ˵飬ڷǳɵ״̬
ʲôˣ
ķ˽ӽΧ𾯽ļУһ˿ںʵ
˵⸽ǰݻ̵̳ǴҰݻ鷳ģ֪λǡ
ķ⼸˹˹֣˵
ļ˻һۣɨҶȻʱԵľ˼֣񣬺ܿƿĿ⡣
λԺҪһ¡
ѯʵͬ˹֣ȻתЩڵĵشȥ
ܿŶĵط𾯽˿ڽķ˵һ顣
Ұݻ鷳ģˣ±ݻ̻𣿡
˽ľ̲סЦһ
Ҫ̽˲뵱ǳ뽭ʱ򣬲ҲĴǸΧĶһɽɡǰݻ̰ŹļϸֻΧĻҲκáҲķˣЩé®Сӣһ𳤳ʶҲû
ʦ̫΢Ц˵
Ͱվʦ̫˼ȥŰɣˣʵΣ
еװӿʵ
ţ俴СǸӦžƷʦľ磬һŮƷʦӡ
Ǿ͸õˣվʦ̫˵ģǸΧɡ
ӺĻ˻֡
ʦ̫ԱվŵŮǺؿ˿ķ˵ķȻΪȵ˵ǸŮӺƯأһҪƯ
ɵӣϱƯŮ̫ˡ
ʦ̫ٴŮӵͷ
ʦ
ŮӶʱžʦ̫ĸ첲ҡ
ˣҪ˷ʱˣݻ̼ȻѾǣôϢ̫ãֻݻ̸׼Ŀռ䣬ֱӴɱȥɡӷŵĽǿݻ̵սϡƽΧǧڣʦ֮٣ֻߵĲζѣȡһҪݻܵĻᡣ
߿˵
ܾЩ֣Ȼݻ̷ǣһܹγ֮ǰǶûǰô㲻ӦòǵʵΪʲôĽڣʵô̶ֳȵ΢ĵ⣬ûκαãսԱЧ΢΢ģݻ̵Ŀʲô
Ψһһͷü˵
ʦ̫ˣΪݻ̱òأı֮ģУǲʲôӰġھԵʵǰκıֻЦѡ
Ӻŵ˵
ϣ˰ɡ
ʦɸоĳĪǡ
ˣΪʲôٶȸȥݻ̳ûģʲô仯ĻӦˡɼ˴󲿷ֵľǻʰݻ̵ĻݻǶӵвˣˣαĲͷ¶βأ
꼶߿˵
ʦͷ룬Ҳô㲻ٶ˵ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
˱֮½Ϣǧһ𣬺ƺƵĳŰݻ̳ȥ


561 Ҫ죬Ҳڲסҵ
ķ˸ǧ˵ıԵһ·ɽȥ
Խǽӽݻ̵̳ԽܹԵظܵڰݻʩӵѹ
Χݻ̵ǧиֲ٣ǰϮİݻڵʵֶϡƽģԾѹԽԽ󣬵ʵϲûĸɶʧ
ķˣֵĻᶼûС
ΪЩɵǣҶȻϡΧκΰݻڣЩɵӶһʱȥҶȻ
ķմҶȻĹ⣬ȻҲֵɡ
Щݻڣֻ߶ѣЩֻͨˣں֮ҲҶɷ治֪ݻôϴԵģ˵ķܲҲ
Ѿ˰ɽϣ˰ݻǵһεĳɵԭʱһ򵥵ͨɳԱǻ֮佻̸ŷŽսḶ́ҶȻļͨǻ֮Ĵš
ȻЩͨӶֻڱ˴֮以Ž̸ʵЩͨڽ̸ͬʱ۽ǵܻʱʱɨԶҶȻϣܹĵݣҶȻע
ǷִشʼҲ޷ҶȻĿһɵΪʧ
ȻѾȻҲôݲݽҶЩӵ˵ıͰݻ̣ҲܹǵõϵĿС
ߣа̣졢֪ߵغҶ֮еûĸ֣ɸ϶Ǵݿ࣬ݻ̣׵Ĵϲ
ŲԶЩɵǻĵݣķǶĵطһµ˽⡣
Ǵ֮ڳһµУȻʧȥ˶ԷϵİѿأΪʼֵķλһ·ֱеĻôҲִܵķΧ
ķ˽Ⲣ֪࣬ȫһУ֯ڲЩϢ
ȷ˵һȫѡеͶƱѡʮǿĹȣôǬܹõٵѡƱɳ֮⡢ٻܹõͬǬѡƱ
ѡѡСĹȣôһȫƱѡû֮һҲκ⡣
ΪʮУΨһûĹȡ
ҾԵĻȨƣڲȨṹ൱⡣
ֻͳңʵӵоԻȨģȴɡ
ɶӵ۷ʲεǿߣڻ˵߱Ÿǿ
ΪɱԣʹطĲ㣬ôͳΪΨһһֱͳεĹˡ
֮СʼմİͼϣҲΪĵλ൱⡣
ڹϺʹǬ಻ȻֱСĪıΪ֮ĻأκһǸҶ֣һҶԲӶ
ͬʱ֮䷢˳ͻҲȫԽӰϣСģĳͻԶ˵ǰĴڣǷͬġ
ôһѾõĹȴȻӵǿߵİݻ̣
ìܵ״ɲķȥ롣
뵽ʲôˣ
ķ˼һҶȻע⡣
ûʲôֻڡΪʲôݻ̻СƬ൱ƶ񤣬ҵӡУûеεǿߡԼа̣ҲӦӵһεĽ
ķʼ磬һ仰Ÿո˵꣬ԺбȻһԼܻʹ⣬Ǽװ֮㵼ԼͻƳΪ飬˲両ԺС
ݻӵһȸװǸǵõװˣôЩ⡭ƺͿӭжˣ
ǲ̫Щ
ķʼĶ΢΢һ
ˣ̫ˣµʲô뵽ʲôû㹻֮ǰʲôˡֻ̫࣬ͽհˡ
ҶȻǰ§סķĸ첲ο
Ȼķ뵽ʲôֻķķӦҶȻܹоķ޿κεķŭ
ʵǷǳޣ˿ƺֻ顣
ķĬĬĵ˵ͷҶȻ§첲֣΢ԵЩǿЦЦ̧ͷƺߵɽ
ӳߵеɽʱķĿУȴԵ쳣ʡ
ߵĲķ飬ޱȳء


562 ݻ̳
ڰɽû˷̫õʱ䡣
ôһ·˳ɽ·ϣʱʱĻݻǵɧţʹɵĵǶĸоЩƣǵľͷ㲻
ôһ·ͣʤҲ磬ƣĸо㶼Ժ
ɵЩУݻѾں֮ڻ˵Ⱥš
̵ֻɽ׵Ĺݰݻ̳ǾͿʤĹʵˡ
ǧɵĵӶ鼫ѣѾʼ˰ݻ֮ҪȥЩʲôˡ
˶һƬʮģƺݻѾء
ķڼ˵棬ĸŴ󲿶жҶȻķԣ˵
ܾðݻʲôıУôһ·ʼͨĽпƺأڰݻ˵ܹʲôô
ķһ˼ı顣
֮ǰϢʱѾȫѹĵ׵
ҶȻ˵û㹻֮ǰЩҲֻͽնѡ
˶ܹյȥģȴ֮١
νĵǺ㣰ɣ
˵ݻЩͨĽǰ
ҶȻü
֮⣬벻ɡ
ķǰɽľߵڵһͷǧ˶飬˵ݻṩҵЩȸװйصϢȥȴûκһطҪܹͨġ룬ݻĺȸװйأڵҲװԭĿܡװķӡҪϾ֮ǰõȵʱ򣬻Ҳڷӡ֮У˵׼ƽ߼Ӧӡǰ
˵ķӿռָó̽һۺ󣬵ݸҶȻ˵㿴Ҷ̽һ͸죬ʹѾܹ̽⵽洢ڿռеװʱ˿̣ݻ̳˽ľϣûκεķ֣ǶںԶһЩĸӦ
˵ʲô
ҶȻ˿̽ϵָ룬ȷʵͬķ˵ǰ㡣
˵ҪôݻڸûװҪôװɴڱӡ״̬Ҷ̽ĸ죬޷͸ԭķӡڲġ
ķ˵ţԺеɻȴ˿û
ΪԼ֮ǰľ飬ҪװӰʵĻô˵ǱҪװϡҽ伤С
ݻ̵Ľӵװװľ磬ôӵеװͲӦûڷӡвŶԡ
ѵԼ´ˣ
ʣɵӵǰСʱĹķ嶥֮ϣ
嶥ޱȿһۿȥ˵Ҳиǧ
ʱķ嶥Уźɫ̷İݻۼһ޴ļ̳ǰ
̳ͽ嶥λãԽݵӣǧ״
ͬʱ嶥ĵϣһֺɫġ֪ʲôϣͿĨһȦȦһĶԼ̳Ϊģܷ嶥ķΧ
ݻڰΧż̳ĮĿΪԹ졢ۼͣڷ嶥·ڴڽ̬еǧɵˡ
ڼ̳Ϸվһӣֻھ̫ԶԸκγࡣ
嶥ЩݻУΨһһδµˣԼңԶҲȻޱۡ
ʦ̫ƺЩ찡û뵽ݻ̾ۼ̳֮еĽھȻô࡭һۿȥҲ˰ɣͺһֱڵǹһ
ʦǰ嶥֮ϵȺݻ̽ڣЩֱġ
ΪİݻڣԺһ·Щİݻȫͬ
֮ǰЩİݻڣȫߺͨ˻һƾɾӢԱɵֻݶЩǵ⣬ûκá
Ǵʱ˿̣Щۼ̳嶥İݻǣȴȻ֮ǰں֮ڣֻɢԪжϣЩݻеľӵʦεģ
ٲִﵽڵˮ׼ɢϢģҲ¼ʮλ
֮⣬ɵžǣԷˣɢʲεϢ
ڼ̳վŵӣϢϸоȴֻͨˣֻǿһۺ󣬱㲢û̫⡣
ȷʵҪ֮ǰЩݻǿö࣬ʵѾǲˡڸֲϣǲǵģѾ˸ϣҲбѡ񣡽ʧ󣬶Ҫݻ̳𣡡
ӳ˵
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·ֻҪܹ߳ʶĴţȴǵģͻǲõһ㡣
Ȼû߳СõĻȻֹΪһͲǺ˵׳סխСӵĳڡ
ƯŮСͬʱͣȻ˽Ĳ࣬ǱܵĻܹоΣյġ
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СŵסƯŮ֡
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ƯŮ˵һ䣬СתȻͿǵ󣬾ǲ֪ʲôʱҲӡ
һӱΧм䣬ƯŮСʱˡ
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ƯŮſСϣЩʧҿ˿
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磬СҲǸӣ꣬ܳͤͤɴǰôɸɾ˰ɣļ۸񣬶ǻƵظˡҪ۸ܶడ
һĦ°ͣ˫۷Ź˵
ҡԶĶС㣡뿪ҿԲ׷򡭡֪ģ
˵ĻƯŮˣЩɫļ
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ҡԶģֻǡֻǴӼܳĶѣԲû˸ţ
ƯŮѿڶ
⻰һͬʱɫ
ԭ͵ܳģٺ٣Ȼ͵ܳģҲζ۶κ飬֪Բԣ
Ϊ׵˫ԡڣͷ촽󣬼˵ȻԶĶС㣬ǾͲܰ¥ˣǱԶҵҪ֮أⱲӻûС㡭ٺ٣缸ǽͿ磬úõԼ֮󣬰Ƕɱˣӵˮȥʱ˭Ҳ֪Ǹɵģ
⻰˵ӵͬʱ˿ܵĳ죬Ȼڵ֪û֪ºƯŮݲûǸо־壬Ǹ˷
ǡǱ
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ٺ٣طƫƧĺܣƽʱû˹Ҿ˹˭ָҹֵܵ£ǿԷԽǷǾԽ˷ܡ
Ϊ׵ӷЦȻӽƯŮŮƵǣ׼ֵʱ򣬶ȴǺȻһ󾢷磬һӰƯŮŮǰ
ѪüǰӣŤͷ˿ŮںƯŮӵһ˲䣬Եסͬƨһĺ


574 ѪҲд
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ѹ֮µĸǺױʱ䣬εѪ֮ǰû̫˽˱ѾŨ⵽罺ĳ̶ȡ
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һҹδߵ峿εĥһϵѪϢ뿪Զ
˲ûͻһޣǽ֮ϵ飬϶Ѿ˸飬ּȵȻѪǸӵε
ʱһȥεܽΣȴɱܵԽԽǳ˼ѪƵķ
ȻԼϲŮ˼޸ˣǰƫƫֲ֪ȥı䣡
ΪĸоѪޱʹࡣ
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¹ǿ㲻Ȼֺ룬㹻ĺظУȻǻһЩҲܹϵˡ
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ķһֻҶȻĻϵĶŪŻСֵķΧȴǺȻһϤϢ
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̲ûʲôֻ߾ĶǵĵطֻǺİɱͷɱѡ
Ѫ˵ƽķȴǳͺֽ֯棬жôΣա
ʱݻٵ֯һķֲԼȴȫȻѪҪ͸޷ġ
ѪǽЩĹУķҲѪǵƺЩԾĵط
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Ѫ΢΢һɫ΢죬Ҳöګګһʱ䲻֪ôڡ
һԵҶȻŴ۾¶˺ɫķ΢΢һЦ˵һɣܲܰø⡣
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ѪΪεĴӦһŽԼεϸһ顣
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Ѫһһ仰˵ȴֲСȥӡ
ãããǽڣʲôûôǣڼ֮ǰм仰Ҫ㣬ҪϿҵĻشңҪѿڶش֮ǰԼģǲġ
ҶȻЦЦ˵
ѪǶʱŵص˵ͷ
Ȼֻʮʱ䣬ĺøУŨҵʱӦνһ顣ôȷϲȷָ鲻һʱĳ嶯µ𣿡
ҶȻЦݣ֣صŵ
Ѫƫƫͷϸ˼һһص˵ͷ
ô˵ǣΪҪʵĸоҿһ飬ʵǼɫ⣬ȻȷԼģϲǸģҺүȻҪġ
ҶȻ˵
̶ˣ⡭ô˼鷳ү
Ѫε˵
ʲô鷳ļ˿ǸʲôԶҵС㣬ԶңҲҪ»Ϣȥ¹סһʱɡʱȥף֮ǰҪơ
ķЦǺǵ˵
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ѪЩãȻ
ȻԶ֮԰㵲⣬ͬǼҵĹｻԼȻһأҪԭ򣬻ν⡣ǿһͨһƷ䲻ǼҵĹȻˣǾͽ̧̧ߵҪĳ̶ȣһǼλ飬Ȼӭж⡣
ķ˵ףѪǶپϲüңϵ˲価ȥ


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ܼ򵥰һ֪һ¹ʶ飬˶֪ҵĴڡֻнļֵȥ󣬱˲Żǣ¹ҲżܵһͨܵϢҴǬʦݰڳͷʢѹķ̬ƣ¹ĹҪСοǸʲôԶˡ
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˱һҿ൱ĿջϷѪǰķķԸȥѰҴǬǱڳ¹ʶڵܵԱ㽫ķعϢٶȴǡ
ͬʱҪͨѪǱ˴֮еķʽټѪ̣ȫǰ¹ǻϡ
ȻѪǲķôķäĿΣȫԼ顣
ķҵڳ¹ʶڵܵķعϢԼҪǱϵ֪ܵܵȥ취콫ϢݻѪֶ˳һƫƧڣȻӻóһһĶ
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ѪǰΪܹ˴Ҫʱܹһʱ¾ۼһĶ
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ھݵڲʮѪ֯ʽɱ֣ͬʱ鱨ͲƸԱԼЩԱӶޡ
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ԺŸոչεеĳ͵˵ϣͬʱֻס̲סҪ޳

һϤڶεҪۿˮʱֹסȻŤͷ˸ոշԺǽѪǣ˶ʱתŭΪϲһǰסѪǵĸ첲мŵǵԹôľˣһ˷˿ô죬Σհ
ٺ٣һĺϢġʵǵȲˣͰ͵Ǳˡ
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ȻģôǲǺϢ
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һƬԭ֮ϣʮµһɫĿǰʮ׿վŵһӡ
ӵһƻƥѾʬأʬ֮⣬꺺ڵϣֻƤɫ״̬жϵĳѾˡ
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ֻΪϧλϵƺǲ飬û࿴һۡ
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һƬɽɽկڣŮһϯض˵Χ״ɲʬ壡
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һŮͬڿŮӿһӵУȫ
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ҡҾ˵ʮɷկʵˬҲû˵İ˵ǰɡ
Ϊĵ΢΢һЦҪڣؿȴǺȻһůɫʱһֱӻͳһ¶ϲ֮ɫͬûüֻһͻʱڵˣѾկ֮⡭
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
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ΪҼүˣҰʱҼүҼү˵ΪȻҼү˵УǾһУ
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ȻڴǬȽеԵʣѪʱûнļҺѪֻ̣ǿ壬ͼ廤дơ
εЩɽ֣ȵѪȫ֮ЩɵʵġûǣҲǶǣʲôݣıϲʵֻǱȽϵģҶҸ׵˽⣬Ҽ޸һġǼҵλүа취ıҸ׵뷨𣿡
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Ѫǵı飬εЩԴ׵˵
ٺ٣϶ģү˵ʱ׵ġ
ѪȻоεϵı仯æﰲο

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ҩʦĴϣ¹ѷɫڴǬ٣ڶʦϣ¹Ҫ޴ˡ
¹ڵΪߵһλʦҲֻǴﵽ˺˽׵ĲζѣҶ˽ײεʱʧʻߡ
һϢͻȻŵٶѸٵϯǺ󣬲Ż֮ġȫìܵķӦ
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ϢȻķͨǬڳ¹ڵܵųģҶ˴Ǭڳ¹е˶ݵʱγԭͷ
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ֻڶԷȱʧĵطչֳԶͬõʵһ£
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εϢʵ̫˼ǱҴĻҥԵ˿²ʲô³Ҳʵǲųӳˣôһĵĵӡ
ʱƣ齥ʼòԾˡ
ΪǼҿջ֮У˵ǸܹŽĶʦķڣʱﶼ⻪ţ
һʱ˴ڳڵһЩﹺһЩĹߣЩȫǼҿջǼͷС
ʱ䣬Ǽͷ㲻ͣĳܹоԪ
ͷ춼Ǻ߽ײε͵죬ǳֻк˽ײεܹͷųԪ
ӣЩԭûнϵĴǣסˣ
ʦǲܹŽײε޹ؽҪˣ
ֻƾھܹ˽ײˮ׼Ѿ㹻õ֮
Ϣϯ֮ĵ죬ķסĿջΧֱӱ֣ǧջΧĽֵȫκͨս
ͬʱġƽʱǰոܼĴȫٴ˵أЩǲûнȥջֻĬĬصȺڿջĽֵϡ
ΪһҪǰ¹


579 ¹
ʱķԼĿͷҶȻŲˮ
ѪһԣĶ칤߾ͶڿͷĽ
Ķ죬ķʹõĲ϶ǵܻʶڿȡġ
ЩȽϲһЩ˼߰˽׵ԴĹעȫԺԣջ񻹲١
ķڵĶˮ׼״̬ĳɹʺƷʽﵽһַ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ǰʦˮƽȥķôķȫͨĶɹʣ׬׬һʡ
Ȼϻûдﵽһˮ׼һǷ˲;ԶһĹǵǰʵսǱķĶķʵѾһ۷ʱΡ
ŵ˵ڵķʵоԼޱȵǿ
һΪֻɱʥͽľţ
첻ˣ
ҶȻһеķʵ
ʼſšСַΧķ֪ſջ澿ʲôҶȻѯʣķԵЩĪЦЦȴδش
ٹأԼ˯ذɡ
ҶȻ˿ڲˮ˵
ķŲ豭һɫ΢΢࣬ε˵¹ĶʦҲֻܶ˽ײεĶѾ㹻䶯ˣԽͲٶˡòһĹ򣬾ͻˡ
һԵѪ̲סͷЦ
ôԼүԣԽܹоԼүĿɰ֮
ķҶȻ죬ͷķȴŵ
ȻֵЩͻأķ⣬ֻǳѪǰ˰֣ѪǱæߵ˷ǰŴ򿪡
һɫ۵ӳſڣӵ󣬻һ͵ߡ
Ȼǿˣɫ۵ӿȴûκξִ֮⣬ҲѪǿڣѾ˫֣룬󷽷Ľ˿ͷ
ֱߵķҶȻǰҶȻͣ£һ˿޺ͺĿķϡ
ϸϸĴһķ΢΢һЦڵ˳¹֮ʦ
˵꣬ӳķǷǷ
ԭǹˣʧˡ
ķͬһ
ֻڿ⣬΢飬ϸŭɫ
֪ʦγƺ
¹ȴûκβº͵ʵ
ķãҶȻ
ķ޴˴ͻȻʦʦҲ֪ԭģޱ㲻Ĩǣֻʵʵ˵ˡ
¹Ŀ⾼Ķķгһ˿βסļʦ֮ǰϢ˵ܹŽǵ棿
ܶ飬ҪۼΪʵ˵컨׹ҲŷֻʵǰܵõĳϣΪΣ
ķЦ˵
¹΢΢㶣ЦͷʦԼǣȻˣʦҪչ񼼣Ž㻹ǰմʦ뷨аɡֻĵص㣬ϣʦܹһϾڴ֮ͥ½ж죬ѱʦڶĹܵһЩҪӰ졣Ҵ㳡Ǹط㹻ʿлҲ޷֤ۼڲ⡣
Ź˼
޵˼Ĺ̲ڻʹаɣʱ޻ὫУʸʹĳӺѫǶ뵽ڣ֤ͬʦ񼼣֪ʦΣ
¹̽ʵ
ķװģĳ˼һ󣬵˵ͷڵһƾš
ã޾лعΪʦĶһЩӦе׼ȵӣ޻ᰲǰӭӴʦ빬ȲŴʦˣ
¹һϲɫؿ˵
ķӦŴӦһȻͳ¹ֺ˼䣬Žͳ˿ͷ
Ÿո뿪ͷſͷŵ¹¹ϵЦݱ˲ʧһȻʵΣ
£ˡɲ⣡
ɲ⣿۷Ҫǿ𣿡
¹ʵ
˵£ūϸ֪ϢһԪ˺жϳʵΡŵ˵ūһٶ꣬ûмκһˣܹϢϣĳ̶ȡ
ų¹һ¥ݣһ߼˵Ȼжϲ˾ʵΣŵ˵ūϵʱūȴоޱȵΣգΣյĸоū̲סҪֱӶ֣֮ˡͬһ㣡
´ͻȻڻʶ˸ߵԭ򡣻У֮Ķ죬ʹ䱸ߵĵȼһʧ
ǣ£


580 Զ
ԶʮжһƷεǿߣս׿¹ǿ֮һ
ڳ¹ǣԶȲİ˴ţǰ˴˵ԶǷȱģҲֻǵ̶ѡ
ֿȭŵҵӲĲһԶ¹ҲǼΪһ顣
ֹǰ𽥵Ŀʼʶ֮꣬ҪԼԶڳ¹ڵĵλѾǼܵˡ
ʱʼ𽥵ĽԼתƵ˴ڽӴϣͨŮѰҺ˴ĿܣȻͨķʽһԶڳ¹ڵĵλ
мҵŮȡѣ顣
ʱ䣬ò⣬ԼĶŮԭѾͰ˴ĩβռСү£ȴû뵽һʵСĶŮȻҳߡ
Ȼܿ˻ҲһӰ
һŮ֮ĵڶ죬һֱӵŰݷã˵ҪԼĶŮ뵽廤رϢȻ֪һ
ͨ޵Ļ˵ҪֱɱˣȻȹԼĶŮôεĲˬҲ𱨵飬Աֻǽţ޸˳ȥʹȷĸ֪ޣӽԶСͷ˵ĺá
ΪԼĶŮҲһʱѪֱҲˣȴû뵽ǰռǰӭȢʽǣλһСүֱӱԼĶŮԺ˳
ռҲûжԴ˱ʾʲô˼ȴƽ
ʮ̫ƽʱࡢûʲôˣһƢǾͷţĻ

Щͷѵ飬Լ
Ÿո˺լͿԼĶŮεӭ
Դӻȷ󣬸Ů֮Ĺϵֱ»ڸֱԼŮѾûˣʶ㶡
ףһ븮ʲôȥˣ
εߵǰʵ
Ŷûʲôڳһʦˮ׼ߣԽȥ
֪ԼŮڴʲô⣬ֻûش
ʦ˵Ǹ˵ҪһŽ˰ɣô
εЩ˷ܵʵ
ûκλɣ˵ȷʵ汾µˣԳȥݼ£ȻȥʹڶŽܹĻ»ʶҪʼϴˡ
ףǼҡȥӴ𣿡
˵ĻεϵЦŨΪѪ⼸Ѿ˵ףΪʲôᷢ
ӴЦˣôֵĵǼңҲ˵ǷܹŽڣܶ˽Ķˮ׼Ҳ粻ġǰ˴ţϣãοǼˡ
ûע⵽ε쳣˷ɫԺиֵǹӿջ˵һͬʱεҡͷ˵
ҪܶŽأ
εʵ
ܶŽٺ١ʶΪ֮ģǳ¹ĸһֱƵĵطûжһŽ׶ʦǳ¹ļֵɹǻңҲϹϾ֮Զ˼Ьˡ
˵꣬һȻԽε̾ϢûɵĳԼլȥ
εվԭأֻСֽţ˷ܵѵ¶
ûƭң
ףٹҵˣôҰᡣ
ò׽ԼĵּסһЩεת׷˵
գ
ԼСŮջûмˣʶıҪӦɻûгڣȻ뵽һ飬ɫʱ
ôˣ
Լ׵ɫ仯εֵʵ
ȿȣ죬£ǼҪٰһʽʶͷǰ֤աǲܸףˡ
һǸȻ˵
ߣ˵ĺǺǸռ֮ϹʶˣԺԶռͬͬˣֱ˴ˡ˼ҵĴȾôҪǰǸһĸȥˣ
ε죬ǲ˵
㣡󵨣
û뵽ε˵˵ֱףŭ֮£һֱֻ
Ҳû£ֻǿһǿӣ߷ߵջغת첽ȥ
ֻεԼҧ촽վԭأ㲻ҹԼ


581 
ʱܿȥ֮ǰֵ֮󣬹ǰݼʦܿʹǡ
ʶ֮ûܣǼ˵Ĺ֪ͬ
ϢĴ㣬ǰΧķĶǰս࣬ķסĿջ֮⣬Ҳʼִĳάв۵˴ŵķϢ
ôƽĶɹ˼ʱ֮󣬵ķҪŽһ죬һӻʹڻʻҵģǹڽ
һ·ˮ֣Խڻʵ۵Ĺҿջ֮⣬Ȼķӵ֮С
ҶȻȻǱŻͬѪȴûиͬС
ΪʱѪӦÿʼ½½ĵִ¹ʶˣͬʱӴǬڣҲӦϢˣѪҪȥⷽ顣
֮ڣķһ·ϲûкҶȻлǱĿ񣬵״̬
⼸ڿջڵķ;״̬ﵽĳͳһ
ԤУһεĶ죬ﵽһµĸ߶ȣ
Ϊڵ״̬֮ѣһжûдﵽģ
Զڵķʱ˿̵ָо״̬Ҳʵһȫµ飡
ʢװĻ£һ·ͨĽ˹ڣǵ˹ǰûҪķҶȻ뿪ôֱӳŰƥŵĺֱ˻ʹڡ
һֱͣ£ķԼ˫ۣɲǼ˫šѸ̼عޡ
ķӡҶȻӦĲķƺڷһЩ˵ı仯
ĳű򿪣ڻʹ̵Ĳ£ķҶȻȻ㿴ʱĵطƺһ䳡һĵط
һտĲǧƽĹ㳡㳡࣬Ѿ˴ϰҵӡ
¹˵λãķҶȻ΢ЦŻӭ⡣
ķףĿ⻷㳡һȦ˹㳡мĶ̨ϡ
ǸƷĶ̨
ڶ̨ԱߣվһŻӡ
һķ͸¶Եĵ⡣
ʦĹ߶Ѿ׼ˣҪʲôĶϣҲֱӸңҳ¹ĹȻ㲻϶⣬ֶԭϣвٵġ
¹ָָ㳡Ķ̨Цſ˵
ķҡҡͷһ߳Ŷ̨ȥһ˵л⣬ԼУͲͷˡ
ߣ㻹е֪֪֮ԼĲϣǶʧܣҳ¹ҲûʲôʧҹĶȴûˡ
վڶ̨ԱߵĻǶ˵
ķ΢΢üȴûǻӣֱߵ˶̨ǰֻ΢Цųܹ˹֣Ȼִ¶̨
û뵽ķȻȫɫ˲һƬϵɫŭϷں˵أ𣡡
ǳ¹֮ǰΨһܹ˽Ķʦɣ
ķƳǻһۣ˵
ûϷ򣡡
̧ͦͷ˵
ΪʦȴôһʢװɳڣһϰܡѹѾӵ˳ΪŽ׶ʦĻȴ޷ŽҲʦְҵˡ
ķҡҡͷ˲м˵
㾹˸˵
ȫû뵽ķĲԭķĺճԼڳ¹ڵĵλܵսͶķ˶Уʱֱķôһŭ£һ۷ʲεϢȫͷ˳
Լ¹һʦĵλܵκвЩ䣬ֻҪǳ¹жʦչֳ˵츳ôһΪָȥ
ķĳʵ̫ͻȻûκףκ׼ʱֵķƣӶ򵨱ɴཫķڵ
ܵŹȻɱݣҲ̫
Ͼκһ˶ֱĳһʬһʦ֮䣬ʲôҪ
һϢͷų󣬻ʱķһȭȥ
ķҲܹ˽ҲΪķĶ֣ƣܶʱҲƣ
㳡ϵķ˾˭û뵽ӾȻ˴󵨣Ȼ£ԹĿ˵֣
¹ҲǺȻɫ䣬ͷĻͽȻȻ֪ЩЩѳȴôҲûĵԷĵӻ֮
ڳ¹ԵͬһϢǣƺǱܵҪֹӶ֣ھԵʣȴˡ
磡
ӵȭͷķֻӳһȭûκλڵײһ
Ĳҽʱ쳹ʹϿգ
㳡һЩ̲ס΢΢ƫͷȥǼֵĲһĻ
һЩûƫͷܿߵȴ֮ɴ۾
ΪǷ֣ȭͷ˴˶ײ֮󣬲ҽŵ˳ȥĲķǹҵλ˽׶ʦ


582 
˼£·ͻȻʵΪ⣬̫Ҳ޷ȥƣֿ˵㡣
һȭǻӴɺķûһĳһĿĳ¹ȭ˵
ǻӲûбɶԶķȭ󲿷ֱֶ׺ݵƷ׵ľ󣬱˵ϡ
ֻˤڵϺ󣬻Ӳûʹȥھҵʹ˺ѷεĲҽţͬʱڲͣĴŹ
ܴӱϿȥӵƲأʵķȭѾڵľȫݻ٣
Ҳ˵ӵһΪȫķһȭϵˣ
ʦˣ˵Ǹң֮ʵܹĹۿʦĶ̣˵мĺôȴû뵽ȻҶԴʦ飡Һôʦʵǲ֪Ǻˡ
𾪹󣬳¹ܿ췴Ӧ˹һ˵ţһ߻˻֣ʱڽǰڵʹҽеĻӲȻȥ
ʦҪ⣬ұ֤飬ٷˣϣӰ쵽ʦĶ״̬ľ
Żӱȥ¹˵
ûϵֻǸСѡ
ķ˰֣ȻֱӴӿռָóѾҪõЩϡ
ķƾóһЩԭʯڳ˶мʶģһʱķſռڵģһʱ䣬ԭķչֳĳǿʵ𾪵׷ȫתƵ˶Կռĺϡ
Ȼ¹ӵеĿռҲλ
⻹ǰѺһ׺ͶײεĿռȫеĽ
ڳЩ˶¹ȨƵλˣ֮ӵпռģҲָ
ۿķеĿʯ׼ãͬʱ˶̨ϵĶ촸ʶȫס˺
һ״Щ˶ķͻȻǰĸ
֪Լпڼ֤һŽĵֶڳ¹˵شɲǲ˶š
ͬʱһϢߵ˳¹ߵ࣬߶˵˼䡣
˫΢΢Դ֮ɫĿķһۺ󣬴յ˳¹Ķԣ£³ʦˡ
ˣ
¹ϵЦ΢΢һ
ǣŴȥһ飬³ʦȻϿȥƲأʵڵľѾѣһΪȫϵҡûκλָĿˡ
ϸ˵
һȭϵһ۷ʣѹ㶼ΣգķȻͬ졭
¹ü˼һķѾʼ˶죬ԸȻˣǾͷ˰ɡ³ЩµЩ飬͸ʮΰ˴ˡôΪ˽ǳ¹ٶڷΪԼֽ㹻ɾΪҲ֪µЩ顣ҪΪãôôá
ǣ£ǡӦʲô
ѸеϾˣЩʲôаŮҲҪ£۾֮壬Ҳȫû⣡УտҲðյĳйһЩ
¹Į˵
ٴιӦһȻרעؿķĶ̡
Ŷ̵룬㳡𽥵û˶ÿһ˶ȫעĶķĶЩ޵Уʱķƺ뵽һַǳľ磡
һһͶ䣬ƺΧȫΪһĸо
״̬֮£Ĺ̿Уȫ߸ЩڶĻӡ
ֻǼ򵥵شḶ́ȴǿ
ͬڿ۵Ʒһ㣬ǰǰĺ覴ã
ȫķĶ̵Уʹ˶ûиܵʱš
̫Ѿߵĵط֮ķȴһһµĶţרע棡
ϢһһţȴᶨʱƣѾ𽥵ĳ۷ʵĲΣ
磡
ķһ䴸
һĶڳ׵깤
һûɵ죬شÿһ˵Ķ䡢ÿһ˵飡
Щʸǰۿķ̵У޵·ˣʵѾ˸Ծƿ׶Ρ
Ļǻһֱͣƿϣֱȥ
ǹۿķһĶ죬䴸һȴͻȻ֣Ѿͣʮ겻ľ磬ӲĲɶļ
ŵˣķһ䴸ϢȻߣĿ֮£
ÿһ˵϶˲˼ı飬ȫ֪ôȥǴʱ˿̵顣
񼣡ǡ񼣰
¹Ȼһʧ̬ӣѾʧһ㣡


583 ͭ
ķȫûȥΧЩ˵ķӦʱֻǳԼ統УĲʱ䣡
һĶ죬ķӾĴﵽĳֽͳһ
ڵ˶һ̣ľҲͻ۷ʣĲΣ
ķЩǣǰС۳Ķ̽ǺŽײε
ķľвϵعͨأʹ̽ͻ˺ļޣﵽͭˮ׼
ֻǿµȵͭչǳԽ˷׵Ľޣ
һУķҲûжͭĶǵҩ
ɴʱ˿̣ȴ˶һԼĳԽ
ޱĽɹѶ̽õǰϸؿŶ̽ͽṹķֻͷһգһӰȥ
ȻķһֱڻرܣҲһֱԸϣʵȴǣʼջԼһӰС
ڸı˼֮ҲʼǱʶΪԼһǿ
ӰʵԵӰ죬ʼջ֮ȥĻƱؽĳɳͨʥͽĵ·һƬ
ڣŲ˼ĶͭķĽ
˲ǿ󣬵վֻǶĲ־񾳽ϵԲڣȴֻķԼ
Һãˣ

˿ķŶ̽߸߾һԪעУ̼䣬㳡֮ų貵Ĺâ
âȻס̫Ĺԣɢû֮ǿ֮У
⡭⡭ⲻǾŽǾŽܹͷųϢ⡭ͭͭģ
㳡һ
ǱѣͨĹûа취ֵסҫ۵Ĺâֵֻ̧ԼǰЩƷ׵ȴһʼԼ۾ϣӭҫ۵ĹâķеǰѶ̽
Ǳޱ뻮һ뵽˴͵У
ͭ
ʷ۵ҩûܹƳͭ
ֻҪǹ˺Ž׵ĽޣǶ˶ǳ
ǽ죬ȴǵǰӲĴˣ
ǰѶ̽ųĹâȥ㳡뵽һļžС
˶ضķеǰѶ̽𾪹ÿһ˵ĺ֮Ĵ
һЩȽϲˣѾ˫ͨ죬ŷ·Ҫʧȥһ㡣
ͭ
ֵطһǿܹһͭǻϱζ޵ˣ
󡭡ʦѶ̽Ǵﵽͭ
¹˳ţѯһЩ˫ͨȻָѣеѪɫȥҲƽ
ֻǿ̽Ȼ˳ң
ȷʵǴﵽͭϧˡûܹͭʹõֻǺŽ׵ģѶ̽µȵͭѡһڼ̶̳޷ͭᲢ۵Ʒ
ķҡҡͷһźı˵
¹̲ס鴤£ﲻס
ʲôЦ⻹ϧܶͭѾ漣˺㻹ʲôģ
οúŽ׵Ĳ϶ͭ鼴Ҳɣ
ǹڰɣһǹڰɣ
㳡ϵͬ죬Ψһͬһȴǣ˶˼Ҫܺķùϵ
һܹͭĶʦ⽫Ϊ֮飡
˵ҲԼ׼ɣҵĶˮ׼ҩˮ׼˵ʵвģûƳͭҩ£ȷʵû뵽Լܹͭ
ķ˵ţֽǰͭ̽ԼĿռָС
һٶù㳡ڵ˶ʱһգǵעȫתƵķ˵Ǿ仰ϡ
Ķˮ׼ҩˮ׼Ҫв磿ʦ˼ǡ졭ҩ
¹ڶķĳƺϣܵʹ˾
ΪʣһܹͭĶʦȷʵҪһĶ࡭
Ȼʲôþȵ𣿡
ķȻķһ䡣
¹ʱ㳡ϵҲĴڵ
һ·ܹԼİһ㡣
⵽Ǵʲôطĳ
ˣлṩһĵطѾɣҲͲţȸˡ
ķ˹֣˴͵ĿУ˵
ʦס޵Ļʹ֮Σܹͭĵʵҳ¹֮ң޴Ⱥʦͱ档
¹Եķŵ̬ѯʵͬʱ溱˽ŵ
ķ룬˵ͷ¹ŷ


584 Ѫǵĳɳ
ڵϣʹһʢ磬ķҶȻΪⳡоԵǡ
ǳ¹ֻⳡΪǣΪڳ¹£ķǰѶĶ̽ͰԼϯǰ
ϣ˵Ŀ⣬ʼȫǰѶ֮̽ϡ
ƵķϵĿͱøӳң
ʷһλɹͭĶʦ
ڳ¹Ⱦͳ£ڳǰμĳ¹Ȩ󣬷׷׺ķÿһ˶ڽʾ֭ġ뾡һа취ȥķ졣
ûа취ͨһϵʱ䣬ͬķһõĹϵҲҪԼķһӡ
ķǶЩ˵ľ߲ܣ絽̶ȣǺȵʥּƷҾƣѾΪȾƶˡ
˭֪ЩƺȽӣͺˮҲûʲô𣬵ķƵɵòμ˱ӡ
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Լû뵽Ȼῴһ
ȻȻ𾪵ĳ棬ʮʱˣ֮ŵǣķյվȻӿռָóһǴδҩͳһЩҩ֮󣬾ôԺﵱ˵ҩ
ֱʱ˲źȻķʦ˵ȻɹĶͭʵҩˮƽڶˮƽ֮ϣ
ԭ仰еĴ󲿷Ȼ׶ʵûмϣϾҪжﵽֳԽ۷ĲΡ붼ǲܵ顣
ȴû뵽ȻлĿá
һʱ䣬ķʼƣ˶ʶס˺
ûԹҲܣȻҩȴҩʦҩĹоܵκδţ򼸺ǰٷ֮ٵʧܡ
ʵЩ⣬ȻķҪƵҩΪʲôһĵط
ǵֲ͵õԲĽ
ķҪõҩһԵȫӵҩ֮УȻһߺε˵Цһ߿ʼƣ뵽˴͵С
ƵĹ̲ûгãӵʱ䣬ҩڱ㵯ʮɢŨĵҩ
ЩҩɢϢһȺ˾ܹжϵĳʮŵҩȫǺŽ׵ĲΣ
һСӿʼֻ˼ӵʱ䣡
ڼķʼղͣںεԼ˶죬ֶΪһ㣡
ԭҩô𣿣
ĿĿǰһУĬĬİš
ѹֲһĵطȥҩǲҪ


590 ֱ
񼼡񼼰ķʦȻ˵ġҩˮƽıȶ켼ҪһЩ찡Ҵûмһλҩʦܹķʦ׾ٵıƳŽ׵ҩ⡭ţ
󣬰˴һļĿ͵˵
ǰۼǳ¹ҩҩ̡һ԰ҩǰ׼ãϸİ˳ηҩҩĹУҩĵʱԪܽĻżϸı׼ҩƾŽ׵ҩĳɹҲԲᳬĳɣҪķʦᡢʩΪҲµĵҩ
һżͬ𾪵˵
ǵҩʲôõģŽװÿһ־Ž׵ҩǶŹ̶ĵҼǵûĻǳ¹һֻ־Ž׵ҩĵɣҿķʦóЩҩġƺϰ
²ʲôãֱȥ£ҿǼ㰡ŮǲǱķʦˣʦΪʲôҪŮյʱһ¯Ž׵ҩѹͻȻݻռҵҪеķʦһŮԶǲ˰
ɱϹ˵
æ֣˵ŮôܺķʦʲôϸûķʦǸһɵĹǸӦòķʦŮˣŮٺ٣ǸŮԵûУ˺ķʦļͣǲŮˡ
Ŀķչֳ˷˼ҩɴҲͲκε
ƣռҶôԼֻҪԼܹסķʦô¹ڣ˭ĿŵĶҸԼ
ֻԺһȺʲεǿߵΪ˸ԼŮףգԸⲻݵıˣһĶܲµԼŮߡκίҲ᲻֡
ͣ˰⣬˭Ϊһĳ̶ȣһ·Ž׵ҩٺ٣ķʦĸɣ⣬Ǻ˵ͷˣķʦռʲô
ٴ֣ǵ̬ȴԶ׼
̾ŵʱķҲŤͷ˹
ʵϣķ㷢һȺ˵ĽӽȻʱ¶һҩı¡
ʱƳĵҩһԵĶεֽҩջԼĿռָķųȺ˵ķһۣȻװģü֡
æƨƨߵС˹ķǰ󣬻ûķڣױһĽԼѾݻ˺ռС˵˳
ķüͷĸʱ򿪿ڵȺ˶Ůףյģ
ǣԭõʽٰܾˣҲ£ҾšɴŮһֵա
һ˵ţһ͵ۿķ׼ʱķɫı仯Ŀڷ硣
ǾŮףһ°ɣҸĵطҪ˵
ķ˵꣬תεլԺȥ
ҶȻϣȴǰѻ
ʵǻϸС۵̫ŮӵĿ⣬ʵڿĵһʱݵ˻Ŀɰ֮¡
ķķԸȻҵæİһҲƨƨߵ׷˳ȥ
ٴаٶӿεԺԭͻѪǣԺӱһԵӵࡣ
ЩĻ˻ԴȻͺһֱͣӽԼչ¶˳
ֲϢ˲լԺٶ¿ʱȫסֻε㶺۾ΪڿɰΣʱӢθϲ
Լһεֱſ˫ۣһѪĽУһѽĴԴԼĻסĥ
ʱһֲҷֻ޹˫ۣĿΧѪǡ
һĻǰٶ˵Уʱµĺ壬˶ʼĬĬﻮԺԴԶӦòȡȫµ̬ˡ
ʱķҶȻѾ£һľլ
еȫˣķҶȻլӵ鷿ڣķ뵽鷿Ϻ˲裬ĸķҶȻֱһˮ
Щ㴹һԣȴķڡ
豭һڲˮķ˿ûκػأֱ˵ǴǬĹʦ
ɶ
Ȼ̧ͷ˫޷ε֮ɫ


591 Ӧ
ΪĳЩԭѾûشǬˣȻǬĴֵӦ֮١ǰºȡϵĿǰܹȷݵˣӦò˶þͻִ¹ǣȻ󡭡ҴŻᱻԹʦݣһʹְλ
ķеĲ豭˿е˵
⡭⡭ѹ֡
ګګĳһŵ૳ô
ѹʲô
ķһ䡣
ѹܶͭѹӵ˾׵ĶͬʱܹҩҲ˷˼ˮ׼ҲֻдǬܹ˼Űɡ
Ǹп˵
ʲôԭŲ뷨ûκιϵҪ˵ģһ顣
ķ˫ʮָ棬αϣȻȻĽ˵ȻѾݻ˺ռ֮ô룬Ӧ˽Ů޸ǵ׼ˣ
ǣķʦұϣ˵ĻͭƸ£ܵ˾޴𶯡ھܾռ֮΢侲һЩҲֶ֪ɲԶܳܵסġ֮ݻռҵͭ޹أҴ뱧סôѡ
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ĳ⣬ҲҪ˵顣ڴǬ̲ܱ߹ʲô
ķ˵ͷʵ

£˿ķɫҧҧڵǬҰ֮󣬾ֻܱ߹ιģܱ߹ϷʹôǬͷʼձ֮УЩѾ֪˶ôֲʳ
ͬʱҲڴǬܱ߹ķʹȻ˶֪Ǭǿ󣬿ɲû˴Ǭܱ߹⣬ҲûİѴǬϡڴǬǾŹҾá̲ܱ߹ֻǴǬĵһڴǬ˵յĿֻһһͳ򣡡
Ŷ¹ˣҲǺһؿ𣿡
ķüǰŮȡôһʱӡĹ˲١
ôܶһؿ
ЦԳ˵ǳ¹ҲǿЩ߸ϵĴǶЩĿ˵ӣǿǬ̲ܱ߹ҲƱҪѴʱȥͽܱ߹ȫ뵽ͼ֮УԽȻҲԽ鷳ǲΪܹ֮꣬ǬֵĽŲԸûжΣʶЩ˰ʵֵ̫ˡ
Һˣңʶ֮ʿôǴǬҪĻ»ҪѺö๦򡣡
ķЦŴȤһ䡣
һεı飬Щ֪νӻӡ
ˣ˵¡˵ģֵĽŲֹͣͣͶõʱ䣬ܱ߹ȷʵҪͼͻ㹻ȥܱߵأĹңҲԼĴ취ֻὫΪ׵ĻȫЩԭȨȥǵءҲ˵ڱĹ˻⣬˶ֻǻһЧҵĶˣκαӰ졣
ķ򵥵ĽǬ߽һ顣
ú棬Ҳķ뷨һĲ²⡣
ֻķûȫҲȷ
ϸҵǷǳ׵飬ҲõжԹҵĵֿ־͵⽵͵ĳ̶ȡ롭̫õʱ䣬̤ϳ¹ءǸʱϣܹȾӹģ¹Ḷ́ܲҪ̫ۡ
ǰһϵ̵棬ķڽĿġ
ϲûгκɫҲûһҵҸе黳ֻķ˵ⷬ˳˼ڿǵʧ
ķżôյţʱʱһڲˮȴĴ𸴡
εѪǵһӣķԭûڳ¹̫ãϾǴߵľЩ֪Ǵڴݻ֮󣬻᲻ᳯ
ȻѪǵǣķȻҲ˳顣
ǳ¹سھϵͳżߵĵλʵǷķҪ
鷿˳ţ֮ڴӳ˼лָ˹һ֣ɫؿڵұԼĹңܹõʲô
һ֮£֮ϣֻҪЧңϾĹȣҪˡ
ķԥĻش
顭
Ȼ
ãҴӦˣ
ҧص˵ͷ


592 ߵϢ
ԶͬռҵʱֹϢܿ촫¹ǵϲȦӡ
ͬʱ֮ᱻֹԭҲ̽˳
֪Ϊǣķŷ֮δֳڱʾ㹻֮ͬҲԶӹע
£˶ǰ˴֮һļ壬ô붼Ҫ֮صġ
ԶֲεǺͰ˴֮һĻ㲻ҲƱػᱻǵƤ
ûķĻԶֹͬռһʱΪĿ꣬˶֮ΨֲմȾ϶㡣
ǣķھԶΪռҵﵽ˹ɸǰȴͥУȺռϢʱ򣬻ҪֵĶࡣ
˶ܹͨԶķһЩϵ
״̬ڴǬʹߵִ˳¹ǣҹķʵݣʵǴǬĹʦ󣬶û˿ĸı䣡
Ψһı仯ֻǣ¹ҶķµĽӴӴĹȫչĹȻ̸һ¹ʹǬ˴֮ƾõʷꡣ
ͬʱ󻹴һȻûκԼȴó¹ҺȨǶܹĻݻԼ
Լݷǳ򵥡Ҽûκ飬ԴԼⶨǩǰֻܹһʱ䡣
ó¹ұй⣬ΪζǰǿĹңͳ¹ֺĿܡ
Լ壬Զʵ塣
ķһѪȫΪ˳¹Ϲڳ¹ʵ۵֮£ͻѪǺε
ճ¹ʵ۵˵ѪǺεĻų¹ʹǬǿ֮꽫쳤ؾá
ķȻǺЦͬ˵ֻ澿ôģǾֻ֪ˡ
¹ʵεΪŮԹҹݺͱ׼׼˴Ʒڳ¹ڽһʢĻ֮Žķһ˻Ǭ·
ǰǰȻ˲ٵʱ䣬ȴó¹գоһˬϲ
·һѺûԼһ¡صܹ׵赲סǬҰһ㡣
ҲĴǣ˵ᱻû˳֮УȻҪӶ˵Զɶȥ͵ġ
ֻЦͬʱʼ˰еĳﱸȨĸȻζȫµ档
ֻĵ̫Ļһ˿ɲһܹԵҪǰ׼һЩĸİײǡ
¹ı仯ķġ
뿪˳¹֮еѪ̺ʹߣ̤ϻع·
ⲽѾ£ܹ𵽶õЧһδ֪״̬
ǷܹãԴǬŲ̫Ӱ죬ķΪ֮ҲͲٹעˡ
ӻس̵·;൱˳һ·ϲûһЩԭ֮ǰеʱҲżЩٵˣִ󲿷ֻһʿһȺɵˣķֳ˵Ц㲻ϡ
ȥһѪ̣öֻ֣ҪϢ㹻ԷŵƨǱˡ
Գӵǰٶ൱֮죬ڷشǬ;УûнκγǳأҲûκõס޹
ĲΣѾȫ˯ߵҪָͨġɳǼʹߣʵҲӵʵľ磬Ϊܹڸ·ĹУʱ䡣
һ˳˳Ļص˴ǬľڣͨصĹУõϢı߹ؽȻҪдķһˣֻķӦ겢ûκȤԳܡ
߹ؽȻҲǿڱķܾ֮󣬾͹İ˴ŵķɸ룬Աһʱ佫ķϢؾ֮ڣЩ߹ؽԽķһͳ˹ؿ
ǰеٶȾҪȾʱŻ֪࣬ǲǳǬԶ⣬ķ뵽֮ÿͿʼϵиָŵŸĳУָϢȫݵ
ЩϢΪӣǹڴǬľӶĹȥͬٲֵϢǺʹǬһľ¶йأķעģȴڼִﾩǰһ죬Ÿ˹ߵϢ
ŸЯϢУѾɨڣдվ۾ӵĵطҲǳǳأԱݻ٣պ;˲ʼܱ߽Ĺתơ
һĶʱö֪ھǬʵ̫ԶԶϢѼṩʱ
ڵõϢ֮ķҲһһ·ʼֻϢκ´ԼصǬ֮ĵһҪ󸽽еܵйעߵĶҪߵжϧʱݻ


593 ǰĳͻ
ϾҪˣ㲻𣿡
ڣҶȻŻڶüͷķʵ
ûвˣֻ顣
ķӳ˼оѣ˵
ʲôǴߵģ
ǣ롭װͷ׼ȻǴߵԴϣôܲܳŽ֯ĶֶȥʹƴܾˡֻôǣƺѶ̫Щ
ķĦ°ͣЦ˵ûǶԺ֯ľѻôҪѺ֯ȥԸߣǺܼ򵥵顣ڣ֪֯һǻ£ͼˡ
Ҫְ⣿
ҶȻʵ
ûһʵͬѰװǰ֮£֯жͻ÷ǳҲŻ˾ᡣ
ķ˵ͷ
䣬неȴǺȻһͣƥͬʱܾǼݳѪˮƽ߳ҪֱӱƷˡ
ˣҲǾҵ¡
ķĶ߾һΪŵ
ʲôˣȻҸǲ֪
ŵûȫȥͱһӵĽû
ô£
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ҶȻǽ󣬱Żվķԡ
ʱѾ˾ĳ⣬ϰŭĺӴӵһ쳣ķĳǰ
Ȼſڵ·٣ҲһͨҪ˫ͬʱţʵǲܵġ
үЩ̫ˣרţǵʱǰûĳӣֱ߾ˡȴû뵽յſڣͱȺļһӺ׷˹˿ǰ˳Ҫõ
ķݳѪΪŭ˵
ޣǸүõǸӣⲻǾĻ棬үֱõˣ
ǽһм˿ĭϣ˵֪ү˭үƽӣүߵЩǰս񣡶ǿĹӢۣҸΪ˺ͣүø·ôˣٸҶ໰ŭүңǾ⣬үҲѪʱ򡭡ٺ٣Ҳǰ˭Ҳ˵һ仰
ƽ
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عʦˣƽڹʦʧȥϢʱԭֻǾһԱͨĸ߼ѣʱȺܱ߹ս߲Թ½ĽˣʶҲġ
һʹЦеĵ˵
ķȻָָǽӣʵ½ġƢ𣿡
ǵǣƽЩ⣬ս׿⣬ƽһǰѡ빬УǱµĳ֮һƽ˻϶˵ġھ˵طϣǼֱǱǿ׳죬˭ЩĹȣʵˣҵİգɱᣬȫȻġ
ʹһ˵ţľʹһ˿ײĺ⡣
ķ΢΢ü˿ʹȻڵôƽԹ
ѯŵǻشʹһ£ɫ΢΢԰Щæ׵ʦˣȷʵЩìܣǰƽھڵ̤ҸһͣȻû˵ȴλ˸м³ƽҪָ˵ȴû뵽ƽ쳣Ŷûҽֻǰ˼ԺͰҺ˳
ʹһ˵ţһ̧͵ķȻķȴκϵı仯ʹɵֻü˵ʦˣȻҺƽȷʵԹ˵ʵԣԸ
ˣ֪ˡ
ķ˵ͷʾʹýôࡣ
ʱƺǵȵΪͷˣķʹ˽еһžһ˦һޣʮ˵͵͵˵ʲôأүʱ䱦û˷ѣϽÿҾҪˣ
·ΪЩǰٶŭĺӷ׷״γ
ĵóǰĳʼû̿
۳ʲôԭſڵĵطѪ¼ǶƱҪܵ𷣵ġ
ˣһðɣϾǲŸջʲô£Ƚ˾˵
ķ΢΢ۣȻ֣˵
Ͼδ飬Ȼƽǣ˹ڣôȰپδҲ
ķľѪȻûڼݳѪ׼ƥÿǰĵ·ϣȴǺȻǰһ
ΪվķҶȻ
ţ
˫۶ʱֱˣһ䡣


594 ʹɱ
֪ǲ̫ԵʣӺЩɤӣʵڼЩ
ں֮ӱ㾶ֱȻ˵ߵķǰ۾ȴضҶȻϣķһۡ
ƯôôƯŮˡүҲŮˡûм˱µòүǰЩŮˣƨ㰡
ŵ˫۷ŹĶҶȻһ˵ţһ߾ƺǰȥҶȻ۵
վҶȻǰķԵѪӵˣȫӸˡ
Ȼ赽ز
ķòϣԼʵЩˡ
ǵʱΪ竵ЩҲĿ˰ɣ
ž

һ죬űһҽС
ķû֣ԵѪҲֻԹֵۣҶȻԼ
һƸɾĳӵϣֱӳĵ˵ϣ
Դķľ̵֮ܶʱҶȻҲ֮
ȻŰ裬ҲǷǷʵʵǷǳͨģƷʦˮ׼
ҶȻһĿԼֻǽӳˤ˵ϣҶȻʵһֱҪӵҲ׾ٵ顣
ֻǾͺķǵһѾʱδؾû˽⵱ǰƵ£ҶȻҲϱֵ̫
ȻһƣȻöԷ
ӱˤ˵ϡղҽеģǰٶŭĺԵ㶣žɫһߺһѸٵŵķʮȫΧ
ǹ˼ɵӻɵķǰҽеĻٶӾҪֱӶˡ
֪˭𣡾ȻȻҴңǡˣŸʲôϣеȫɱˣŮĸҴȥҪӣȻҴң
ڵϲҽŹȦĵĴӵһĴ
ž
һ죬Ӷֵıķˡ
ֻҶȻǿİƣķһԵࡣ
ոӾǳֱշڿת˼Ȧصصǰٶŭĺ
硱һ䵽˵ϺθɴҽûֱϢˡ
ΪķһأӸɸɴĳ˹ȥ
ûѣʲôè۸ͷˣ֮ȹǳһڰˣ浱ǣ
ķ󣬻һȦǰٶӣ˵ȺֻҪҶ֣ɱ⣡
䣬ǰٶӱͷ֮˵ĴŭһȻеıѪɱ
ӱδ̼Ǹ񾭣ǱҪһЩӦԣǵȥǾûа취ġ
ϧȴЩս֮ϰսսʿ׷⾩ĳǽ֮⣡
źɱһеѪǽķͬʱϢ
ǼʹҲһ޶⼸ʵƽԹƽʱǣķôһǰ棬ǵȻκι˼ɣ
ʮʲεǿϢ֮ǿңǲԶŶӽǵЩͨ˶ܵ˾޴Ӱ죡˸ԪУöᡭ
ǰٶŭĺǶʱɴ۾ȫû뵽ԼΧסЩˡȻȫʲεǿߣ
ʲôЦȺˡʲôͷ
ʵֻһ˲֮飬Ҳֻһ˲֮ˡ
οЩȻǾо񣬿ɾԵʵ̫ǿһ֮⣬ȫʦڵʵڵʮˣһ𣬺ѪǵʵԱʮ־޴
˾ôһ˲ϰŭĺӱı˲ӣ
ʵǿѪѪӵˣɱһĿʱ򣬱ѾĿĻɱ
ͺ֮ĲϽ档ѪǵսѾޱȵļݣһ
սӿʼһҲգ۾ĹսḶ́һߵɱ㲻ϣ
ϾɱҲҪķһǡ
ǰ̼뱻ɱİӣǼֵʹͬ뵽˴͵С
ΪռѹԵƣѡĶ֣˵Ķ˵Ҳǻɱġ
ʹȫû뵽ķԸŵЩˣȻ˵Ŀֲ
ǷһɲǼ䣬ͷųɱǶ̲סĸо
ʱķߵεԣֽѡ
ѵ˫ۣһȻ֮ǰʲô飬ҪƿڴȴȻǰɵһصʬ塭
иһЩǡȻȫˣ

۾һٴ˹ȥ


595 ƹϣ
ֱʱ򣬳ſЩڷӦ˹һɫĸæǰȻԵܹеĿ־壬ȴԾɲòǿ򶨵ĵķһѪ̵ǰ
ʵЩسǷӦѾ㹻ˣֻѪǵĶʵǹѸײڶһЩŵԱ֮£ʹЩǿӦࡣ
Լֵصʱ򣬳ǰȴصѪ¼Щ˵ʵĲˡ
ջˣûܵץĻǻܵĳʹ
εĿ־壬Ҳܵʲô
Ƕ˿ǵֵؽЩʬ壬ǽǡ
ۿʮ˽ǰһʹһϵı飬ԼϴŵġŴǬ۾˳Щǰ˻Ρ
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597 Ѫֶ
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һֻһסĴĲӣķ˵ǿʵ޴ĽɽҶֵʱڵԪԵı仯Ǵһһ𹥻ɣ

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Ȼܶɺ˽ԼĶӾǸĻɫҲֵز϶ٴ붼ԼӵĽ𣬵ܶɲ̣
ǷǰǵĴ֮һļң϶ѡװӣҲļҵŭ
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ˤһض˺һͨƢ֮ܶԼĻƤϣ˵


600 һս
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ȻܶѾô˵ˣȻٶԣһ֮ɫļ˻ƣȻæȥ
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ǸʱǬ˻ʵ۱֮⣬ܶٲþκһˣ
һ뵽ֿܵĽܶɱ̲סЩԼӵĵ֮飬ܿѹ˼
˳𣬳Ÿڵлȥ
ͬһսһҪغƽ˥սҪ

ү˵ʮ𼱵飬СıֽС
ʹ󹬵ܹ޹ϹܼҹһŮӵǰһ˵ţһ߽еŷݸһԵŮ
ŮȻһӺݻ󣬵ȴ޷סɬףȻͲ󣬿вʮӡ
ǬԶں󹬵Ҫ󲢲Ͽ󹬵ǿʱӼڹ̽ģҲҪ
ΪǬԶӣ¾ʵ۵ģҲ̫į
ȻȻʵۿ񣬵ΪݣЩӵļҲ̫Ƶ빬ͨ˼ң޳ȥŮҲٻ̽ģοǻˡ
ܹЩɻĽӹŮŷ⣬ŷ𿪺󣬽˸ͷɫ֮䡣
֣ôôѵ֪ʸ֮ģôȻΧļңŸԿʵ𣡡
ܹǳһ䣬Ϲܼſڵط̧ͷػ
ķӦܹҲ޿κΣֻüȥ
еݲ㳤ǰ벿дܶԼĽҪ飬벿дܶɶķ뷨ԼϣԼȥϵĲ֡
ŵȫܹ֮ϵŭɫˣҲ뵽˳˼С
Ϊܶ˵ĺʹ֮Уȷʵĸƾӹ󣬿ûһ㹻ǿݣҲױܵ裬Ȼġ
顭˵˳ʵֵĻƽﵽһǰĳ̶ȣǸʱƽ֧ţлʵ۵ĳţ֮Уĵλɶҡ
뵽ֽ̧ܹӽһԵ¯֮Уźܿȼճ˻ҽֽڵȥɣ߸磬Ĵ󵨵ȥļҵˣҲΪһͻ¾ЩԡѪɱСΪսʿΪ󽫣ܸԼµıķҲǶģҲġ
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һ㣬ֻΪ˸ңˣпյʱ򣬻ڿ
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ǣūãǡū͸ˣ
ȥɡ
ܹ˰֣һŮϹܼһ뿪֮ͬһŮ˵ʱҲ³ˣ߰ɣȥϡ
ǣ


601 ǬԶ
ܹУȻֻڹڣԾݻʮǰӵʮ㡣
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һֻ֮Ҫǳ֮УҪһûεĵ
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ǬԶɫӹŹ֣Ƿʱ򣬴ʱǬԶӦǰοˣǴʱ˿̣ȴȻԼϣؿŹǰܹ
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ܹȥ鷿ڵʱƽͳ֮µһǧҲѾܶɸĴ£ìĽ˾ڡ
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603 Ҳ
ļլǰȻšһʱ򣬻ʹڵ鷿Ҳ̣
ƽãܻʵ۳谮ں֮޻ʺ֮ȴѾ˻ʺ֮ʵܹĹ鷿ǰ
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ǬԶ޸˵ôһܹ׵׵̱˵ϡ


604 ɱ
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607 ֶԲ
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609 ǵһ
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610 Ϲܼҵ
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ϹܼͬŤͷ˳֮⣬һ֮ɫļ˵ԭЩìȻԽԽ࣬Ҳֵಫĳ̶ȣ롭ȴͻȻͬһŮˡүҲ֪飬ܻ˱쳣嶯
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611 ѻһ
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Ϊ׵һЩɫɵӣʮǼҶԺ֮
ǾɫɵӽűϣҲм̼֮˵ڵϣÿһڵϵĳ̼֮ˣ嶼쳣ŤƺǱùؽڼ˹һ㣬ֹǷǳģ
һԵСҾϲƢŮˣֻŮˣѹȥĸоޱˬ
ǾɫɵһаЦݵ˵
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ķڷԸ
һԵϹܼЩɵؿ˵үȻ̼ҿ϶ǲǡôɱǵˡƺƺվЩɣ
ķŤͷϹܼһۣϹܼҵļЦ˵ģ֮ǰҺ͹ԶҪһ١ƣ֣Ҫɱκˣɷ涨ġ
ķ˽ͣϹܼŻȻ


613 ŭԹĳ̼
ѪӵѯʲûкķѶʱ䣬ٻһһʮĽԼ֪ȫһ顣
ֻڽĹУٻԵЩɬʼҲֱ̧Ѫӡ
ķӦѪʵЩ֡
ٻеѪӱصķԣԼݸһ飬ʱѪҲѾ̼˵ʬȫɾ׷׻صķԡ
ѪӽЩ֮Ѫһ¶˷߿ɫ
̼ҵ˾ȻĲӴǬɷ
ϹܼҲһ𾪡
ߣǳ̼˵йǬɷĿǳ̼ҵĽǳɼҾǱĿʵۣǱĿĿֻ̼ұϢοˣǰб߾פڱĿʱԺһЩڣ߾ȫ֮󣬳̼ҸѾ޷ĳ̶ȣ
ٻѪӵԣϹܼĪӣ̲ס˵
Ȼ̼ҵⱱĿΪΪʲôȴûȥظǣ³̼ǿܹڱĿһ죬ҲվܿƵǬɣ
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ΪܰʼֻŬѣͨȻ㹻ȨūԽУܹܳ͢ͳάϵôҪԭ
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ٻϸһĨ˳Цݣ˵Ŀܹܵ˱ĿҲ˵һ·ǰļѣֻ˵ǵ˾ڣΣȥ;ظ汱Ŀ𣿾ܹ𣿡
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ϹܼҽԼ֪˵һ顣
Ѫӣٻһ˾ֱȥҹԶٻﵱ棬֪һϸĸ߹ԶȻ̼ʼûȥǾҿˣ
ķ˵ֿ꣬ѪֺѪǣ˵ĿϿһдСʮǳأѪ֣ʮѪ̣ÿ˷һǳأȥǳڳ̼ҵһ£ҪʲôǶ
ʣ˶ңҪˣٶȸȥĿĵأѰ꣬Ȼ󡭡ֱɱˣ
ˣү
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˸Ҫȥ֮ķҶȻϹܼңԼʣѪֱ̣ʼϹܼҳڵĳǳؼٷӶȥ
ʱ䱦󣬲˷ѡ
ֺϧļٸ·£һֻ´֮һҵʱ䣬Ϲܼҳڵĳǳ⡣
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үʵ벻̼ͨҵ״ʲôĿһ⣬Գ̼ʲôôǲǱĿֻбĿչԽԽãǲܵõ治ǣ
һһ·˼֮ǰٻĴĲ飬Ƶ飬ķһ޶´
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Ȼӣôˣʼ˵޳ܣҲ֪ѾжŮ˻
ϹܼҺȻķ˳ǰߣЩŹֵ˵

΢΢һϹܼҵòһʱֻΪ졣
ô㶵ؿ˼ӵʱ߲֮źȻ¶һȵı顣
㣿ܡܡ
ȻѾϹܼҵ֣ȻϹܼҵòһο˿ǡ
ʱܹܶණЩģޡңѰˡ
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˵Ź֣ϵıȴ˿κھεȻⷬ˵ֻΪ˶Ϲܼҽгѡ
Ϲܼɫ࣬شķǰȥѪҪһǰæȴǱķס
ܲĻҪԼͷųȥǰæĻ»Ϊܲħ谭ܲպ֮·ϵ
ķĽͣѪȻͣ˽ŲֻһɱȴЩƲסɢϹܼҵŤͷ˼Ѫ̵ͬʱ¶˼ɻؽӵı顣
㳹׵ļŭңҲȥ֮ǰҪᵽгʹ࣬Ĳƽ
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ϹܼҵӡߵĶͷʱֻǰһڣʲô֪ˡ
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ϹܼҵԼǱιȥĳˣߵķǰǷǷ
𼴽ñϹܼȴԼûκμֻ˷ܵһƬƽ·ֻһͨ顣
߰ɣǽǣ̼ҵЩ֧壬ȫĸɸɾԩҲ˵һɱһͿ϶©֮㣬ˣʵӦõˡ
ķ˵ͷתųȥ
ԭǰЩգѾɢԣϹܼ̼ɱʮ̼ޣֽΪ׵£ЩԭľϣŸ˼ɡ
ֻѹʵЩɴڻ֮̿УȻһЩһĶĵη壬ȻǺֱ仯ᱣһֳ־õ̬ơ
ЩسǵڿһĻ󣬸æ֮ӳŵбֳˣҼæŵĳųڸȥ
ΧǵķӦķ⣬һʧȥҪһأҪķѴʱ;
ϾƻԶȽҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
һ˽˳ǺϹܼҵĴ¾ֱų̼Ƿ֧ڵĵطȥ
һ·ĳھķŭʢ˼֡
Ϊİ֮ҡƺȳЩӻҪأ
洦ɼڵ֮ˣֵԼʲôĵ̣żеļңҲͥ䣬
ɨһۣķܹʬôö֮ĶѷһЩĽС
ķʵǲţĻȻڴǬĳǳ֮ڣ
̼ҵˡȫ
ķȭͷµĲֿ˼֡


616 
ķһϹܼҵĴ£˳ǳ֮ڵĳ̼ҷ֧լǰʱѾլǰԴ
ͬʱڳĺ棬վʮӣӦǳ̼֧Ȩǡ
ķһ˵ĳ֣ų̤ǰһںǳηͽ¾ӵܣ־ܣ

ķվ˿٣ֿ˿ٺһڳЩ¶֮ɫĳ̼ˣüڵʲôʱҴǬĳȻͨҵĿŹˣ
ȻҳԲѷЩΪ֮ͽȫ£ҷߣı۴
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¾ǺˣΪҪҳ̼ҵ鷳ҳ̼òԵĵطǵ˸£ҳ̼Ըԡ
ʮ̼У߳һӣӲͷƤķ˱ȭ˵λŵģǵĴϣϣܹϻأǳ̼ңһסµĶ顣
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Զûг̼ˡ
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ʶ˿ĭķɫٲҶԡ


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̬ȣӦǶԳ̼ҵΪ֪ķǳˡȻˣҲȻˡ

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618 Ӳ
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ֻǷʮǰ˳䶼СĽǸʱĲ˳仹һ߸е顣
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619 Ŀ׸
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̼ҷ֧ıȫеĹԱײͬʱᵽķ仰
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жԱȡвࡣ
չһ׸һ档ұĿĿǣڵпУٳ̶ǿŽǰģȻЩﲻϵذܻɵڣôﶤء
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ҶȻ˵¶ƶƽҶȻԼֺγƽˣ


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624 
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ԱĿȻʢŭ֮УȻ֪Լ
µȻ˸ʵҲûʲôˡ
ǣˣ̼ҲȷԼֵµЩˣÿһʹ˻Ŀʱû˿иʮˣȫˡ⡭ҲţȫֵµЩˣԵʶɵĽ
µ¹ãټ˵
ȷʵ˵е
̼Ҽ˵ͷԷֵµЩˣҵĸ֪ûĻӦöʲΣӵƷƷȣûиƷʡЩˣ˴˾оϵĲ࣬ɱϾٲЩ˵ĳܹȫ˦ѣԷֵµЩ˾򵥡ˣƽʱһǳټһξȻһӳô࡭
̼뵽ʲôˣ
Ŀüʵ
뵽һ½
̼Ҽ˱Ŀ˵ʮȫĸˮ׼ڲͷ׷ϻǿƺֻ½ġ񷣡Ȼ֯ҲܹԷȻǺ֯ˣԿֱųѡ
񷣣
ԣ񷣣
ǲǴУרԺ֯һ𣿡
ĿЩȻ
ûӦܹ뵽һԺͺԣҾݴԣʱ񷣡Ѿݻ˺вһľݵ㡣ܹһ㣬ܹͨġǱȻԺ֯Ϊ˽⣬ͬʱҪӵвѷɫںɱ֣ڱȺɱָԡ񷣡壬ǺܷЩֳǿ
̼Ҽһ˵һԼüģ˿ǿա
˵ѵǸӵεСӡص䣿
ĿȻʵֻԼƺЩϳ̼Ҽ˼·
˴ӾϢڸûκҪǶֵķ˵ڱĿ飬ǱȻһ֪״̬ͬҲһǳȤϢһ˵ǺǸ˷ǳǺϵġķʷĹʦǰʧ٣ڲǰȻصڣڻصڵĵһ죬㽫ƽڲĹУͬչֳ˾˵ġε
̼ҼǰĲ豭ѵζĺһڲˮ˫ۣ˵Щȫһƺܹõһǳ˵ĽۡǾǣص䣬пܱʷλʦˡһȥĻλʦķûʧ֮ǰʵҲôһȺҲ£ֻǸʱЩҵĲ»ļҵĹϽ֮£ΪѪ̡ԣ񷣡Ѫ̡
ų̼ҼķĿϸãȻɫ
ȷʵǸ˵ϢЩϢʲô𣿡
ȻУȣûκηı仯ҲζţǵĹʦˣԭҲӦǺǱĿ޹صġȻھ¥Ѿȷı˶ԿĲпܴԼһ̬ȡ
̼Ҽ²豭վ˵̬ȣ˽˵̬ȣ̬ݣȻˣоԻءڶȷݣ񷣵䣬ô֯ȻϢǳĸȤֻڶҪõĻҪһʱ䣬ȵǿڸǳϢȫ֮ٸݴصϢ
ų̼ҼķĿ˼һȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ


628 ƶ̬
ʲôΪʲôΪʲôȻѾ֪ǵ飬ȴԸֳ̬ȣ
һԷڣƶЩ벻ͨĿķʵ
ҶȻֳ̬ЩĻţͬ׽ڴһ
ȿȡ
ķɿͷ󣬽֮ǰҶȻԼ˵Ļû˿ͬƶ˵һ顣
ƶ꣬˶ʱ˳ĬС
˺һĹƶſɬЦЦҡͷ˵ȻһùɲҪ
Ȼʵ˭Ҳ벻˭ġ
ķ˵ͷ˵˼ȻǺͷ˲ͬʱйأ⻰ƶĶȴֱӱˡ
ƶٴ˳ĬС
ƶĬķʶԼе⣬ܵıҪڽ͡
ֻǸո죬ֱӱϣΪķȻ֣Լ֪ȥ⻰е⡣
ϸ롭ƺƶҲûʲô

ƶȻǸΪ˵ЦݣڵʵҲ֪ģĸ飬ԭûиĸƼôҲܳá㲻ɴңͬʱһޣҪͨ˳ĶࡣܹͻƳΪʥͽĻǽԽף֮䡭Խĺ蹵
˵ƶ˿˿࣬˵Ƕʱһ𣬵ȵʮʮ֮ɴڳɳ׳ʱڣȴȥǸʱһǳʹࡣ
Ҳںһҩʦפյĵҩ
ķѿڶ
ں
ƶҡҡͷ΢Цǰĸķա
У˼飬ٵĻк֮Ĺϵķǳ͸㲻ҪΪͻȻ֮뷨ҲҪΪܵȻӰ죬Ƿĵıôġ
ƶ˵ŻǽĻ䵽ķؿڴķؿ滺Ħ
ȷԼȷʵϲƯ޶ġҲϲһɲһ̫õʱ䣬ҲϲûκεľϲҿĴȥߣĴȥҿܹвͬķףȻˣ֮ʺϵദʽǱ˴һõĻ䣬Ȼȥҡȥҵ
ƶѾ𽥵תƵķȻǳɬķĴ̼ȴ˿
ĻǶӲ̣
ķΪƶĶ˿˵
ķҪףǷ̵жϱ׼ĿҵĸܡҾķʽԼøôȻͲǲ̡
ƶȻÿԼС֣ķһȻʧ
Ҿö˵ⶼõһַʽȲƻȻ֮ĸоҲΪ֮ϰͬʱܹҶԼΪһԵıܡ
ƶȻתߵ˴ߣ˴ϺĽԼ򿪣¶ѩ׵硣
˵ҸоԼһ
ķЦӡ
ҿûô˵ҿȻԸ飬Ȼ㲻ȥݡ
ƶ˵ţķ֣һɫķ̲ס˿ĭ
㶼ô˵ˣҪǲԵƺЩ޲ζˡ
ķǰȻֽƶ˴ϣ彻һպ֮ľܹ֮ܵ˴˺Ϣů⡣
Ҳ֪´μʲôʱ򣬽ұ뿪Ŀԭļƻ뵽ƾڣȥǶķ⣬ԽϣʱΨһҵĻᣬǧҪ˷ѡ
ƶķѹ£˿ߡ
ߣôż
ķ΢΢һ㶡
ǣԭͻȻ㣬ҪģźôһĽᾡȥҲҵԼϲķʽȻˣȻ㰴űȥˡ
ƶ§סķĲӣ̧ͷķ촽һ£˵ô־ĻҲʼոҰɣǾ仰ô˵ţòԶɧƫȴ޿֡Ҫ㳢ҵζ֮󣬱ҲǣʼջһҵλãڽÿһκҼ棬ڴͿһ㣬ұˡ
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ҪıˣⷽϣӦᴦưɣ
Ѿͷ첻úýѵ㣬ǲˣ
ķһЦֱӽƶ¶ż£һקƶλá
ǰʱһƬѩףɽͻƽԭķ̼ԡ
ĽڣʼŮ֮㲻һ⡣


629 
ķƶ˵ޱ컵һϡ
ƶԴʺ̬Ȼ̼ķķڽ뱱Ŀʱһ˻Ƶĳһʱ䡣
ҹ߶ķȻʲôƶ˵ʵǹˡ
ƶٵϵľжߣҲı䲻ֻһͨ˵ʵ
ķһεĻǿܹôϵģһֱڶϣƶ˵ʵһ޴սˡ
۹УƶоôƣҲʼûкҪķͣµ˼
ķ͹ƶʼҧ֣ķż滺ʱ򣬻𷴻
һϵսеޱȼҡ
ķѾЩƶ˵ĲϧƶȴҪѺķ֮һӵĽȫһһ㡣
һŮ˷е֣Ĵϣܵȥȡһ˵ʱΪ˵һǼκεֿġ
һϵսʤߡȻķ
ֻŵڶһ̫ķɿԱԼˬ״̬ƶȴ̱ڴϣ׵뵽˳˯С
սĹУͨ˷ȥֵƣźսľ񳹵׷ɿ˱ֱʧȥе
Ȼƶȥ뷨²ò˶Ƴˡ
ķˬĴӺƶһԷ߳ųĽ˸ʱ򣬻ûȷ˫֣㿴ҶȻһЦı飬վԺǰ
ķĶʱ˰УɫҲͬװһ任
Ŀ
ҶȻЦĿʵ
ķȴǸоһ˿Ī⣬̲סʶĴ˸ɿһǰߵҶȻǰεؿڵô簡
ˣⶼˣĻ綼ˣĳˮ֮ʱҲģϾһֵǧǣ
ҶȻ٩˵
ķˣܵıҪڽ䣬Ȼߣû˵㱻ʻ˶
ЩͷɥͷڵȻԲ𡭡
룬Ҳʦģֻ٩ѡ
ҶȻҡҡͷԽķ˿ķԷ˵ȻȷʵǲܽܣȻҺͷƶ֮佻Ĳ࣬Ҵܹµ뷨
˵ţҶȻסķ֣Ц˵Ҫһ棬飬ֻڷƶһˣٳֵĻ͵ɡ
ҶȻЦݵ˵ôһĻķ㶣ȻЦһѽҶȻᱧȻתֳȥ
㡭Ҫʲô
ҶȻϺĳһ˿ŵɫ
Ϊ䣬һ㡣
ǡΪʲôҪͷƶӣ
ٺ٣ȻԷƶ⣬ôȻԸһЩ

ķлŮ֮еʱ򣬱ĿڣǰֵıĿͳ̼Ҽ˴һص鷿Զ
˵ѶЩݣ۾ﲼ˺Ѫ˿ȻӦöû˯
鷿ﰲĿ£ҲԵΪء
֮⣬鷿ﲢûе˴ڡ
Ĭã̼ҼȿڵȻнһĳǳΪ⣬δϢأȻϢĳǳУһĶͬ飬ô룬ʣЩǳأҲᱻԴ
ԡǸСӣȻλĹʦˣͬʱҲ֯䣿һǲȻûκ´λʦͻȻܵҵıĿʲôһûлʵּ£Զǳ̼֣ѾʵϵĽǳ̼ڿڵЩ֧御ţôôĵӣ
ĿЩŭ˵
վڴϢλʦ˻ͻȻܵĿӦֻһżȻΪʲôҪǳ̼Ҷ֡Ψһܹ뵽ɣλʦ˶ڱĿ״䲻Ѿ϶ǳ̼ǱĿ״ס
̼Ҽ˫ֽ棬С˿αϣ˵˵ȫһѾ֤ˣǱλʦ˵Ϊ϶ֻ˵־֣ڱĿҳ̼ҵ̬ȣȻˣоͻкܴġɲĿռ䡣٣λʦ˶ҳ̼жôĲҲûеõּ£ҳ̼Ҷ֡
ǳ̼ҵЩ֧塭ɻ϶Ѿ˼һˡ
Ŀ˵
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̼Ҽȭ˵


630 
Ӣڣ仰֪˭˵ģɺе
ҶȻԷںķʼһֵĺڵء
ҶȻսȻԶƶɱȣľԲ࣬ʹֲֻǵıֲܹġ
ںսĹ֮Уԭ˯еƶҲѡ
Ȼ俴ҶȻҲ˷䵱УƶȻޱȵ𾪣ķҶȻ̹֮״̬ƶȻܿˣ⾿Ƿʲô顣
֮ͨƶճյЦȻҲ뵽ս֮ڡ
ԭ˵սȻˣŮȻȻıһ
һʱ䣬ķƵλȻ᧿Σ
ֱ磬̫нɽʱⳡսڽ
ƶǳ׵͸֧ٴһĻ˯˹ȥҶȻû̫ܵӰ죬ֻϴԣڽ֮󣬱ֱӻԼԷҪȥһЩıܷӦ
ķûҶȻһҲûƶԷС
ΪѪԼѪڴŰӰ飬뿪һϼһʱ䣬ȻֻܽȾô򵥡
ү϶Ѿȷˡ
˽լĴ֮УӴ߽ķϵȺļȫվѪǱȭ˵
ŶЧͦߵ
ķüЦе˴õλ
ȻһһҹķҲЩԲ۹̻ǽķ;ϲԴʱ˿̵ķʵͷβˬ
ѪЩɻؿķһۣǺԼүôͻȻôá
ٺ٣ү̵зһֱںѪֵ˽ŸָĲɱȻҪԶǰǿöࡣ
ѪһƨԵõ
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ķûѪֻ֣ǿѪʵ
һЩ飬һͳ̼֮ĹϵԶҪС̼ҵļһλŵĿı仯ȷʵڳ̼ҺͿΪ֮ɵĽǴһ̽õϢȥ̼ҺͿΪ֮
ѪӾܼϵĽһѪ鵽Ľһ顣
ڶ֮ǰѾ֪ģһҪ֪̼ҺͿΪʲôҪôУҵܵʲôջ񣿡
ķ˵ͷʵ
ҵܵõ鱨ϸ£ҲӾ壬Ͼǵ鱨ӳҲӷǵص㣬˿ͳ̼Ƿı֮ϣص鿤Լ̼ӵеϡ
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ΪܵⷽҲע˻޹̼ҵļֻҪɵͲܻҪıοǸˡ
ķҡҡͷ
ûүվǲ鵽һЩõĶϣͳ̼Ҷûεǿߡ̼Ҽӵе۷ʵǱĿǿĸˡʵʵĵУܵȴ֣ȷʵû̫𣬵̼ҡȴӵģֻ̼ӵе𣬲ǳ̼ˣʱ̫̣鲻
ѪӼṩԼ˽⵽
ķ뵽˳˼У󣬼˵үеϢȥҺΪĿ֮ԱؼӦþǳ̼εļڱĿֻǱջ󣬴Ӷġ
ڳ̼ҼΪʲôҪǲ²ǡΪ̫ţԷΪ˶Ե͵ȵ˿Լͬ࣬ͬӺͼΪǿҵıʹǳˡ𽥵ķչγһּ˵̬Ϊ̼Ҽ˶ǰģǲϵġ
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ķ۾ϵЦ𽥵ȥԼ̫Ѩ󣬿ڵΪԼ̫Ӷһͬ࣬⵹ǸĹ۵㡣
ȷʵЩţһΪӦпܵԭ򡣡
ѪӺǼԼĹ۵㡣
ȻѾȷ˳̼񼫣ǾͲҪȥˣѾ⿤ͣʱ䣬Ŀͳ̼Ӧöǵˡ˼ϣֱɱ̼ȥն࣬ѳ̼ҳ״ӱĿγ֮˵
ķλվϵ˵
ѪԼѪ̹Ӧǡ
ӰȴЩ㶡
ʵЩ޷ţķľ
ǱϾһ̾ڱĿӴ壬ѵú;ϵ׵
Ǭһڣ
ҳҳʼķӰʵⲻܡ
Ϊκһ֮Уܷ顣
Ÿʲô߰ɣȻˣǾҪϰ飬ԺҲüţ²Ҫհǰ˺ö
Ӱĸ첲˵
ӰһãȻʶ˵ͷ


631 
λڱĿڵĳ̼լǱĿռĽȺ
еסݡͥԺԼʽһ𣬳̼լռݵ֮ĿĿҪϸ屶ӡ
ճʱ򣬳̼լǱĿУڿҪط궼дĳͣѲ̼լһЩ۵˾ŵ
طֺң̼լΧȴ԰ơ
Уˡ
Ȼһĳ̼լȴһյ־ףլܹһЩ޵Ŀ
ʹùһֱΧѲӵĳǣ׷׶Щ档
׳̼ҾǷʲô顣
ˣˣ飬һλλһﺿǸʲôӣҪ˼ΪԼкùӳ𣡡
ڳ̼լڵһ㳡ϣһ̼ҳһͷĿںǳ
ǰʮŮŮ޺Ľ
ֱϿںǳ֮󣬿޺ŽֹϢ
ϣⲻʧ̬ʵǰ̫ˣһɶʱǡ϶Ҳûа취ܻԮġ˵ôȫûˣ
ʮһʮҵһߵؽе
еңģᡣ
û˵ǣʱνǴȥһҰյĹ
ۿžҪֵʱ򣬺ȻõԼұŵϢ֮£æĶ£Ų·ܳڳǳأȻһ·ͣЪĸ˿
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Щ©֮Լұ֮ԺĵһͷȻܻرߺ
ʱѾۼڳ̼֮ڵЩˣ©֮ȫһЩԶĳǳأ˻·ϡ
Ѿ֪˷ڸλϵ顣λҳ̼ҵ֧Ȼܶλֻ֮ĿǰûнȫԼʱҲֻҪ󱾼Ұλģ˭ȻҶǳ̼Ҷ֣ǾҪø۵׼
ϿȺҪܣæ˵ͬʱָָλͣĸģ¶ˣȥϢϢӦûڽʱ򣬽Ӽλ
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һεص˵ͷȻҪѾ׼õʹӣǰϢĵط
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ԼҼķӦҲֻܱ졣
һ˺ܿ˼ĴſڴȻǱ㿴ĴѾȫ飬ɢһء
ڴߵΧǽҲ̮˴롣
˳̮Χǽ⿴ȥܹɵڵϣʹŵĳЩֵͽǣʱվԼҼſڴһɫ̹Ȼķ·ʲôûһ㡣
ÿһһĻĳ̼˶ŭڶ
Ȼ̲סҪЩͽֵʱ򣬳̼ҵļȴǺȻһȡ
ֹг̼˺󣬳̼ҵļԽڶɫޱѿߵһģķǰ
ʿǹʦˣ
̼Ҽ쳣
ĳ̼ȴôһ
ʦ
ˡȻǹʦ
ȻѾ鵽ҵˣûҽķλʦ
ķ˻֣Ѫȫֵվų̼Ҽѯ΢Цŵ˵ͷ


632 Χ
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ԼլĴֱӱ˺Χǽ̮Դӳ̼ҽǵһη
һ˵Ŵǿ벻̡
ҪҽͣǷܹһ£ΪʲôĿ⸱ӣ
ķԼǰĳ̼ҼɹЦݣֻЦݿȴûκº͵ζеı䣬ó̼ҼһĪ顣
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ĸоó̼Ҽ裬һʱӿ࣬ʹ˿ͱЩ
ûȷʵҰȥģĿǰЧҺοڱĿϵЩ棬ȫˡЩڵٹһʱ䣬űĿյԽԽá
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ǰֵıĿҲ΢΢һ㱻ŵֱӴϹ
Ȼ£
ķĺǳ
̼˺Щڳʿһʱ䶼ЩȻʶ˸Եͷ֮ˡ
ǿ̼ҼͱĿһʣȴɻĹ˵ϺŷӦ˹æҲ֮ĹһƬ
̼䣬ķһС˻վ⣬ǰңǹڵɽˡ
ȵݼ֮йķҲûпЩվ𣬶ֱе˴ǰĿҪһЩ˽⣬һ飬ǻҪѲķĿڣǳưܣ̼Ҽ֧Եطպѹп꣡ǵǽЩرȵо֪ҪжٰУԱϣֱӶԳ̼Ҳȡж̼ʲô飿
ʦˣҳ̼ҡԩ
ڵϵĳ̼Ҽҧ˵
ȫûԤϵķϾȻӣ
ѲɡڴϢǴģʵͶ˱ĿɣⲻӦð
εĴҲ뵽ķǬԶҪӵĿģͺͱĿ޹أֵɺϵһγɵıȻѾνƶķ롣
˵ԩĿ񲻻ԩһ·ѾѼ˴ǳ̼Ϊ֤ݣ֤ݳһ⣬һҲѾУŶǳ̼ҵоӦúܿͻ´̼㻹ǲҪнĺá
˵꣬ķŤͷ˹ڵϣͬһıĿϵЦѾȫʧĿΪһ֮Ӧôһȴû뵽㲻ûԼ飬ΪŰúõһĿӲĸ⸱ǧٿ׵ģϰǧΣҲֲʧһһؾɱ¶ֱӵʡ
ķ˵һıĿһֱ̱˵ϡ
ˣӣܶǶ٣
ķвɵľϣ֪ʲôҵĳ̼ҼϵĴ
۷ʲε˲ɢ˳̼լÿһ䡣
ų̼Ҽ󺰣ķҲԥһ֡
ɱ


633 ɱ
ǰ̼լ֮ǰķûпǹ̼ʲôڡ
˱Ŀ⽫ʱѪ̺ЩܵѼϢ̼ұڷ֧ЩɥĲΪй֮޲
˵̼ҵķ֧ᷢչزȫǳ̼ұҵݺͲԴɵĽ
Ŀ⸱ӣ̼ұҾĸԴ
ڽ֧ȫ֮Ϊ׵ĳ̼ұңȻҲ˿ݶԴ
ǶԱĿЩЩգĲ
ڱĿҪǳغõö࣬ȫΪĿĵȷʵΪ㣡
Żûü̼ȫİܻ
ķ´ʮѪ̶ʳһĳЩ̼ˡ
һѪȵɱƿĻ
Ѫ̷ķͬʱͷ̱ڵϵıĿ˵ʿһԳ̼ҷ֣ұʱӵеͬڱµȨΥߣͬı棡
̱ڵϵıĿ̲ס˸飬ѵص˵ͷǿӵȻ´˶Գ̼ҽ
⵹ķѪ
ղ֮һʼûжԳֱ̼Ӷ֣ǵȵ˱ĿϵͻȻѣΪľñĿĳҲ뵽һԳ̼ҵ֮սС
ΪĿЩƽʱȻͳ̼ǧ˿Ƶϵ̫УķԽ̼ţȴܽеĿҲһȫɱ⡣
óδ˴жĹ֮һɻǸܺõİ취
ԼҿЩԵЩɣֻǵǿķǱ֮ȴǳ־ٲҳͣ׷׾еŭɱ˳̼լ֮С
еʼմȾϵһ̼˵Ѫ֮Щʿ˫۳ѪıøӲб
Ϊƺζĳֱѡ
˸ĺö࣡
̼լڿʼġڳ̼˵ĲҽС
һЩ̼ڷӦ˹ʼԼ峤֮ǰĺߡ
ȻѪǻɱ¾Чϲ̫ߣߵ׷ɱȴרҡ
һҪߣѪǱὫ֮ΪҪȥĿ꣬ھ̼ܳլҪܵԽԽܹ࣬ܳȥģȴʵ൱ϡ١
ԺԲơ
ټϰķҪ󣬴ԭǰԮ̼ҵĳѾ̼İΧʹó̼ҵҪܣϼѣ
̼̼ͬΪѪȵγԱȵǣ̼Ҽʼûκζ
ôվԭأɫĶķȻʼڲϵ˵ĲҽУȴҲ·ûжκεӰһ㡣
ȥ𣿡
ķɿվԭأų̼Ҽʵ
ЩˣȻ϶Ҫһ£Ĵÿһ˶ӵɱҵһһеġ۷ʣûκ塣ʵЩ棬㾿ôģȻܹѵôĹûǴĻ񷣵ĳԱӦʮ˲Ŷ԰ɣ
̼ҼЩʵ
Ŷô֪Ǿ񷣣
ķЩ⡣
ֻҪ㹻ϢһЩ򵥵ķܹõûʲôѶȵĽˡȻųֽҵʱ䣬սһܹȫѹƣɾ޴ĴʧȻˣҪ֪ʵ
̼ҼָָԼԴ
䣬ڳ̼լĺԺȻһɿֲϢ
ϢӵжƷƷ
ϢͬʱһֱվķҶȻɫһγϸԾڵϢӿͬչֳԼεͻȻֵǿӭȥ
̼Ҽʱͫ΢ȫû뵽ķƯ쳣ŮӣȻҲһ
ϢԴȫ棬ڶҵӵҲ
ų̼ҼķӦķ˵
κ˵ϢԴԣӶָ©Ҳ⡣ƺǳ̼ӵеǳ˽⡣
⼸仰ĵĹ򣬳̼ҼϵŭɫѾȫʧ˿쳣ƽ·ԼڱɱˣԼ޹һ㡣
ûҴܲµΪʲôжϴ󣬵ܿϧסڱĿڵˣ⵱¶ҵΣѾĳ̶ȡԻ³ʲô顣ҿƺѾƽˡ
ķͷ˵
һѭˣȻѾı䣬ôֻ̹Ȼܡ򡭡Σ
̼Ҽһѵ˵
Һһ⣬ϣܹҽɻ󡣡
ʲô
Ϊеͬ࣬ǰģ


634 
ѪǵķķǺָо
Ϊ࣬ȴ࣬˴Сһ˶ӵĻ֮£Ӷ˼άϵ䣬ô⡣
̼ҼСʳ׿Խ˰˵Ӧ鵽õģôҲ뷨أ
ûϸ˵ҲǾͬ඼ǰġǾáͬûдڵ塣
̼Ҽ΢˼Ƭ̺ſ˵
ͬûдڵ壿濴Ȼһߡ
ķû뵽̼Ҽ뷨ԭѪǵķҪӼ
ʦˣϣԶЩӵͬ࣬ľӢǴӸλߴʬλزͣóôҵͶ⽫һߵˮ׼ǽΧҵļ壬ôͶͱȻȵ»ΧԽ»ķȾͻԽ󡣡
̼Ҽ˫֣ԼǰȻһԲΣ˵ڴ˵ͬĴڣһְܹȵϵĸԴǶľӢ˵ͬĴȴǾ޴ۣ޷ṩκΰֻ᲻ϵ鷳ȻˣǵȻȫ˵ĺá
˶ĵۡ
ķ˿ĭ
ģʦˣα˵αѵ㲻𣿱ɵˣҶͬˣֻڣһĽԼ뷨˵ҸʵȴҪǿЦν壬Ϊšʦˣνʹߣɲôõġ
̼Ҽһ˵ţͬʱ쳣ĴЦ
ǷӣҲǡԼԼ뷨ǲζžȷһҪ˵һ£ҲҪʲôʹߡ
ķ̤ǰһ˺ͳ̼Ҽֱվһ
Ȼ˵ҶνʹҲûκȤֻǡУΪаռ˴ܹܵΪߣҲǺЩаȫ㣣ųһ״̬
̼Ҽ΢΢һϸһ˿Źֵɫ
̸ΪֹɣͻȻ֣ʵûʲôĵġȷʵǳִҲ˲еԸ̼ҵĻȫԸͷɡϣȥ˵ܹڰɡ
ķ˵ţַ̧˳̼ҼĶͷϡ
ӵ۷ʲεķвʮľٶ̼ҼȴûκҪͼ
ֻƽؿķһԪûж˼·ѾĽ֮һ㡣
磡
ԪķĴŷͬһ˳̼ҼĶͷ
䣡
·ֱӱһ㣬̼ҼԴ˲䱬ըûԴ˵ϣ񾭷ӦأԳ鶯š
ʱ⸽Ѿû˳̼˵ӰѪǵЧʻôߣ󴳽ЩȴѾսƶ˳̼ҵĺԺС
Բûг̼ĿԼ峤
ĬĶų̼Ҽʬ忴һķΨһûжӰڵȥǰ濴ˣɱ˱ˣʿҳҶԳ̼Ů裬ɱ֮
ǣ
ӰӦһҲų̼լĺԺӶȥ
ķƺŰȥеġ
ʱ˿̣ҶȻͳ̼ص֮䣬սѾ
˷˲ҶȻʵʵսȻѾȫ֮ͨˣⳡ֮սûгá
ͨС֪ųϢı仯ȷԳ̼ҵⳡΧ˲ٳκ֮ķɻ̱ıĿǰ
ĿķƱг̼ҼıĿۿķ߽ܵıҪķ룬κ˫ȴǲʹķĽӽֻܲͣĴʾԼĵĿ־塣
ʵڳ̼ҼҪӿɺһЩΪҵĸļ壬ǻȥƻ棬ʲô顣ΪĸȴڻңӦϢϢزǡ
ķĮñĿѾ̲סʼð麹
ʦˡҲһʱͿܲٸһᣬñܽ֤һѱĿķٲʢģ
ĿѾȫˮ͸Ҳϵζ
ǿٵȷʵ˵߻ʵԶѾ˶ڻȨֱܵĿ־塣
ٴλʵñĿѾЩ˵Դࡣ
ֻǺܿϧһ˶ĳһ鿪ʼоڵʱҲζѾ޷ء
ԶڱĿķֻؿһۣȻִĲϡ
ȴ㹻Ŀιȥˡ


635 ȥ
Գ̼ҵΧ˺ܿ뵽β̼լķΧ֮ڣĳֱ̼ϵԼڳ̼Щֻʹ
ųļУɱЧʱʵ
̼ڵЩ֣ѪֻȥרŶԸɱḶ́ȫǴݿࡣ
ǰҲǲһʱʱ䣬̼լķΧڱȫѪ֡
ټլ֮Уûκһŵĳ̼ˡ
ܲٵĳ̼˶ⳡɱĹУͼԼķʽ룬̼լΧʵʵĳȴǵܵ뷨Ϊ
һֱӵΪҪֱӵΪԼ̫ĸôõİ취Ȼǽɱ⡣
ôģҲôġ
һɱ֮󣬳̼ûκֱϵӵܻϡ
żЩɱУլ֮ڵ©֮㣬ò˶ãҲᱻѳ
˶ף̼ˣĿĿҲˣ
λͻȻڱĿڵʦչֳԼѪȵֶΣ˶һʱֱʡ
ȻĿҪˣôȻ̨Ȼ˵Ŀڣϵ¶ͳ̼ҹϵС
εУҲиԶ֮֡
ܽĿͳνײѪϴһգԶ׼顣
ȻˣЩͳ̼Լϵܵˣ϶ǵһĶ
Щԭ־ͳ̼ԼĹϵûôһ˵ˣ
ж̨Ҫж油̨
ĿˣȻҪ½дķչͽ裬ʱһԱĿϤˣȻȿսĹԱô
΢һģеĻ
ԼܹдչȭšתŲĿռ䣡
˵̼ұ׽𣬱Ŀֱķ֮ķµǴ˽լ֮ΪУΪֵĵط
Գ̼൳˻Ҫһʱ䣬ͬʱ౻ǣĹԱҪаźʹҪĹԱ棬ٲÿΪͻȻıʶ
ҪάϵסǵתķȻڴɱ¾һһ֮ʱֱִ֣Ŀȶ˵
ִֵʱķҲͨǸֱܹӺ;ϵװãǬԶһ򵥵Ľ
µĽĿڷ˵һ£ҸǬԶԼĴ취
ڵõǬԶȫȨȨ֮ſʼĶĿһһϴ
ܾûĽķҲǬԶͬԵκ֧֣ܶ飬վҪһµĲźá
ӵıģǬԶվǴǬĵ۾һЩеĶٻҪȥעġ
ʱ֮УǰķµǴ˽լаݷõĿǹԱÿﶼﲻ
˵ǲƽżһ㶼š
ķЩԱûнһеĴܵѪǽϸ֮¡
ЩԱǺͳ̼ҵĹϵһͱ˴˶ԱȣЩϵڳ̼ҵĹƻѾȫ䣬޶ĹԱᱻķΪصĿꡣ
ЩϵУܶ඼Щί߼ĹԱᱻķΪص۲ıѡԱ
ͬʱڳ̼ҺοĳҹҲеݱ
εĿֻǱķ£λоûнкͿʼλѾȷķ㽫ĳҹͶԳ̼ҵĳҹָ
ϾλĿѾѹʮʱ䣬۵ĲƸȻ൱ֲûԼڴ˵Ļ֪жðŵԴķգҲҪ֡
ɱһʱˬæϳ
ķڿĸڣɽһѻĹĬĬпš
ǰȥ˽լݷõʵ̫ˣòıԼסĵص㡣
ǸԭͲӴ˵˽լ¾ҪˮһĹԱֱӸˡ
һµʱ䣬ʵķæµЩͷת
ҶȻһѪ԰æҲѽæµ״̬١
ƶڰǰѾ뿪˿ķѪߣҪȵ뱱ƾڣԬ̰µĻҺѪ̲Ż
ԭƶûסôõʱ䣬ںķԼҶȻ֮Ĺϵ˸Եı仯ֶסЩӣķѪһ·ûоܾ
ôңһûκƯǹĴĻʵ̫Σյ顣
ϹܼҲڿڵȷǰԷ˾
Ҫ潫﷢鶼˵Աܹһ㹻жϡ
ˣǶʱѡʱԱϣһʱĿܹǵ﷢һЩϲı仯ҲϣְλǰʱܹȥĿİЩܵĿʵ̫̫࣬λΪ䡣
УķԼ߶ŵʮԱ˵


636 ѵ
ʮԱæͬʱ׷׹Ӧǡ
ЩԱķͨܵѪṩ鱨ϢɸѡĽۺϿ˷ء
ķȷڳЩԱʵģҲ޷ȷڳЩԱǷܹϣȥŤתĿơ
Ŀǰ˵ȫۼһڵйԱУû˱ڳЩӺˡ
ķţȻ˵Ķ䣬ֻҪṩ㹻ĺôջֵܹĵЩĿôٿȥŬ
Σվܱڵˡ
ҺͱѾͨĹأԭ֮ϵĹԱӦýʥɱԸǲǡڱĿʵǲ˿ĵЩڸѡĳԼĸˣͲ뾩ˡ»ǩһʥּǽݴݣֱӵжԱĿȨޡ
ķŴվЩˣ˵ݴֻ᲻ȥʲôʱȥҪǽı顣ȵݴȥĳΪ˸ԵǰλϵĹԱ󣬵ʱ뾩ְ
ʮԱٴιӦǡ
ǻϱĿгǳصĳԱھӷ棬ķûв֣ҲûжκξĹٱȷĳʹ
ǬһǿƣڸطĳҲһӵžԵĻȨ
˴αĿĳ±¶ھ˵ҲһĪ衣
ķʲôҲȻһĽ˵ûʲôҪȥһ١
þΪķҪ˶Ծ֣˵Ļòʧ
ӴǬ񣬾ʼնұ㹻ľ衣
жǸоΣյĵطӭǿķ
ķϣΪĿ飬ôǬ롣
ҵʱǳޣԲڱĿ̫ãɸѡѾʱܹļޡ֮УȻкͳ̼ԼοǣˣҲںˮ㡢ͽҲһҪƾˣֻҪǽȥȫѣȻһǾ;ȫȥȥҿԼ̡˭ĴңҪһףô˴ˣһᵽȳ̼Ҹҵ³
뿪ķòɫĶЩѡĹԱôô
ЩҲǰƵģֻǰƲضѡ
ʦģǹȥԭͲ̼ͬҺͿԱĿֻУɼ沨׷ǾҪǣڲǵȻټȥ
վķֱǰһǷ˵
ʮҲ͡
ȿڱ̬ˣķͨе鵽鱨ܳȷĿĹԱϵУڳ̼ҺαĿΪΪеһˡ
ķʱĿĹ򱱻ĿĿƿش֡
µĿλõģοӦûһǴӻѡεĹ˴ѡαĿǱ»ѧԺѧʱֽĪȻĪûлѪͱཻĪ棬ñΣ˴λսĿĿҲԿ¶ڱĿ̬ȡ
ķ˵
ʮԱǻ֮
ȷʵûĪ֡
һ֮Ŀڶķ⽮Ҫڻѡġ
û뵽ξȻһˣʲô
ǲõģҲö룬µĿ󣬲ǵָֻţǿԾİԼ뷨ȥ챱ĿµĿΪһߣ»ͨ¿ǵۣǷܹĵĿǰѡЩλáԣ¿ֻһ۲ߣһִߡ
ķڴЩĵǺɻ
ʦˣԭǵʵǲ¿ԸΪˣԡһЩ
վķֱǰ˸ɿ˵
Ǻģˣ͵ɣټҲΪ˵Ҷ˵ôҲģôȻҲá֮ҼȻѡǣǾʹǼֻ̡Ҫܾľ⣬ô֮ǰ飬һʹͬǲĻǵĳͷҲӱδΣԼУ𣿡
ķһЩ
ʮͬʱɫȻ֣صĹӦ
ãǾɣϣȵĿ֮ڳλУҪκһˣɢ˰ɡ
ʮٴδӦһȻ׷׺뿪˴á


637 ο
ķѵѡЩ߲Ա֮ĪҲڵϵ˱ĿĿ֮С
ڳΪαĿ飬ĪԼͬоޱȵ⡣
ⲢķĽ飬ǬԶԼ뷨
ֻȷ뷨֮ǬԶķͨڵõķ֮ͬճС
Ḷ́ȻǬԶĪʹ֮УԼľ֪ĪȻĪһĽԼͨĪⷬŵ⡣
ĪԴޱ⣬ҲǺ˽ΪһӦЩʲôȻǬԶ뷨ôĪҲܾںǬԶ֮ͨ󣬱ͣĹΡ
ٶȸϵ˱ĿĿ֮С
ǴǬʷιΪᳵӵĿˡ
һһҹ̣ĪĿĿ֮ڣ˿Ĵ֮ʱ˷糾͵ķ·ؤ
ڿΪؤһĺߡ
Һķ׼һĪѪͬغڿ⣬ûֳ
Ī뿤ʱķѾеȫϣֻĪǰ򵥵Ľ£ȻҪ̻ؾˡ
ʱ䣬ǰ޻ԭȥ£޵飬ҲӦýˡ
ܵṩ鱨޻ԭڵѾ˴춯Ϣ޻ԭԼ߶ӣǬԶû´صָ
Ͼ޻ԭǽΪǬʵǹھЩԸıĸ֣ʱվҪܵġ
ȵ׵ĽЩȫƽȫı¶γɵ𺳣Ǭ뵽ĳԵĿܵС
ʦ
ĪѪ̵Ĵ½˿ڿķ֮ʱ˷ɫվӣ֣µĹһ
òʵܿ찡
Īķĵ˵ͷĪļ
֮ǰڵĪҪǸʱʵ࣬Ҳһȵ˿ӵĳ죬ûκε
֮ķأԵȴûκμȫǷġ
ٺ٣Ȼû̫ʱ䣬ǵӰǾ޴ġʧٵǼܺȫľ۵һ𣬿ľȴûԶ
ĪԼŶͷٺЦ
ĿȽϸӣȻһ·̣ѾˣĿûϢʱ䣬ҪͶ뵽ԱĿļ֮СǳѡγĳԼԱڶûߣοǳԸúõʶһ£ԺЩ˾ұˣܲзչĸֻܿԼı¡
ķٴĪļ򣬽˵Ŀһ飬Ҳû̫ʱȥϤܹĳ̶ȣȫҪʵһʼԶ˵Ҫ㵱ʱǲͬġȻԶ㣬ȷʵûмǣҵȻҲѡţʧ
ʦģȻû֮ǰԶѾ˵ĺˣҴҲһ˼·
Īص˵ͷ
ãȻˣҲˣĿͽˡ
Ҫߣǲȹ˽˵ҸһԶٷɡ
Īһ졣
һɱˣĿϲ㼸¾һգڵĻοһᱻ֪ľͺӵһνԼȨûκκôʱҲܽȣ½һϵļʶЩѡγĹԱǾͱ뿪ȥǵĵطΣ״Ѿһ֮ˣǾҪӿĽǶȥ⣬Ҫ¡
ķ˵ţѾŤͷԸȥʰʮҪҪ׼Ķʵ١
ĪĬ£Ҳ֪ķ˵еԾ²ᣬȴҲֻǿӦ
еѪ̶ѾصķԣЩǳ۹ҽصһЩ˴˾ڵѪǣҲһµʱ½½ĻصķߣƶǰƵѪҲѾأʮѪһæµЧʻǷǳġ
ǰҲǲһʱʱ䣬еĶ㶼Ѿ׼á
չķҶȻС
ڵʱҲֶһӰ
ʮѪѪѪӵγ˻Ὣ·Ḷ́һС
ĪһʱʱѾֱڵ˶һ档
οĸԼ׾춼ѾķڿڵģڴǬԱĪʶĺܿ죬Ҳûκϰ
ӵĹԵЩæûʲô©ĵطǰǰ󣬺ǾȻ
ķһ뿪˿ʱ򣬱ֻĪһ͵˿֮⣬ߵϢΪ˱ЩҪӭ
Ī˵һĿĪ˿֮ںķŴеˣžķȥ
ڱĿھǵһµʱ䣬ʵЩķԤڣҲ֪һѾɳĵز
һµʱ䣬ķҲû˷ѣ
ľҲȲ
˲ߵֱ˼顣
˿ʮľ룬ķأԻζ˼һʧʱԺȴǺȻľϢ


638 ֵ
ЩϢֵļΪͻأķûκεǰ׼
Դľ֮ķϱʼնſСַΧ״̬
˶ڷΧ֮ڵϢӦһֱǳͬ㣬ϢͻأĳַΧ֮е״ԴˡСķδ
ǡЩϢߣΪһˣ
ڴ֮УϢͻΧĲľ׽ڡ
ڻԭ֮ڣϢͻķҷ
ں֮£Ϣͻͬˮһ峺ɶ
֮ڣܹһġֻк֯һȺɱ֣
֮ԼֵĶɱǡΧˣ
˫ü΢΢ķ˫ۣͨԺγɵĻ棬ϸع۲ɱǵķֲ
ܿȷԼжϡ
Ӹ֪ЩϢķֲԼһѾ˶ԷİΧȦ
ΧȦѸٵСЩ֪Ϣɱ֣Ǵ˴ζԷɳǿɱ֡
עе˶Χĸ֪кķ̷֣Щɱ⣬޵Ϣڸ֪Χڸٵƶţ
Щ޵Ϣķĸ֪УѰΣգ
ķľʵټϡС⣬ЩϢĲ׽Ȼޱȵѡ
һжϡԷҲӵľ磡
ɱֶˡҸϢһѲɣ֯㳲
ϸϸ˼ķֱߺһѪֺѪͣסֱӸߺѪ̽䱸
ԼסҶȻ֣˳
Ӱͬųֻ˵ȴȫΪɻı顣
ѪҲЩãȻ֪ʲô顣
ǱΧˡ
ķ˵
ѪĴ˴űͬʱɫصͨԪ֪
꣬ߵļѪ̱ɫ΢䣬ȻҲ쳣ĵط
ѪҲû̫õȫεڷ⣡
ͺ֯ɱʱ䣬ѪǶں֯ѾϤĲϤˡ
ʶȥѰҵĻȻܹЩǱвϽӽĺɱҳ
ô£Ȼôࣿүǲǵݱ¶ˣ
Ѫһ𾪵ؿķʵ
뵽ģֻһµʱʵ̫æµھǽܸˡ̼ҵļѾµҵݣĴȻȥ׼һȷ˻Գ̼Ҷ֣ô̼ҾһͨԼǾ񷣵Ϣṩ֡
ķһصı飬ͷ촽˵ǳڶ񷣵ĺ⣬ǳڶӵеЩװ󣬺֯ڵõȷϢ֮󣬶Ȼ㳲书һۡȻʵЩƸЩڵĺȴǺõĲٺõѡˡ
үԷȻбôֲ˺ãȳŰΧȦûг׳ǰ뿪ɣϺ󣡵׵˦Ǻ취ߣ
ѪҲ֪ΧǿֲΣϢæ˵
ѪȻȫͬѪֵ˵Ѫֻ󣬱Ŀķסĵͷ
֯˴㳲ֻǵĻֵ˶õʱ䡣ɱֺıɱȫͬĸ㹻ʱ䣬һɱֱӵнɱȫɱһΡº֯ɱֶˡ
ķ۾һ˵ţһϸµĿʼԺжΧĻһ׵ķͼ¼
С˸֪Ϣγɾ廭֮⣬ܹڸ֪ΧڣγɾԵ˽⡣
֯˴㳲ʵռžԵƣôΨһȡʤĻᣬֻڶΧεϤ˽⡣
ɱЩ΢ĲأеĽ
ɱ֣
ѪѪͬʱظһ飬һʱЩ
Ȼͺ֯Ѿʱ䣬ʵϣѪǻûк𼶵ɱֽ֣ҲѪһֱڱģʱȥѪҲκһˡ
Ҳ˺֯ڵɱ̫ϡ٣ķΧʵ̫ڸչ˵ù
׼սɣѾ˰ΧȦΨһģӦˡôǣó͵ϮЧȻսǻռһƵġ
ķ²һ˵ţһ󣬹֮һĴ졣
ѪǼ״ҲټȰ˵ʮ˵һʱڳһԲ󣬽ķҶȻֱӱмλá
ͬʱѪΧ׵ľϣͻȻ˷ܳٵӰ
ÿһӰͬһĳķķͻɱ


639 ɱ
ķͨСǰкɱǱڸһͻϮԴѪһֲ
ЩͻϮɱ֣ʵϺѪһ࣬ҲƱػѪһɱˡ
ķѣȫͬˡ
뱱ĿĿѾԶܾһƬԭߵҰݣһԼʮ׿ҵĹٵ⣬ؾԱҰǡ
ٵȻǳıάܹ࣬ΧЩҰݸǵϣʵʲôˡ
ǱСʱ׼ʳҰҲ
ҲķֺɱֵʱЩԭ֮һ
ܹǱУЩҰޣϢĶķһɰΧҲ˴κ֯ɳΧ˵ɱ֣ĵΣ
ɱ
ķһǣʮԴѪͬʱγ˷ĵˣѪǺţһԣ֮һصַʽ̼Աܹ漰ľ룬ֱӷ˷Χ
ÿһѪ̶ͬӦԣһ𣬻ܹǴﵽ൱ŵһز
ھֻʮѪֵ̣˲䣬ȴ͵Ϯĺɱ֣·磡
һƺ
ֻǳεĽӴȴѾʮɱֱӱնɱ
ЩɱǵȷʵߣЩɱҲ޾ɫһҽжûз
սһʼֱӲ뵽ҵʱΣûκεǰ࣬Ҳûκε̽
˫ĿĶǳȷɱԷڣ
ȫֽʱǰϸٻغ϶ʤٺճ˵䳡滰άȻⳡսĻŽһ
ѪǺͺɱ֮ս裡
ÿһ֮䣬ÿһӦ˲䣬ᱻһ
˴ѧĶɱ֮֮ȫκα
ؼսķ񣬶򵥵ķʽȥɱΪлΪֻصһ
Ľɱ¾ЧʣǾ˵ģ
·һ㣬Щ͵ϮĺɱǳƬƬĴӰеڵϡ
ÿһȥĺɱ֣ϵ˺۶ǳϸ΢κ󻯵Ĵڣ۶ôϸ΢˺ۣǴڸպĳ̶ȣ
ĥ£ڵѪǣѾɱ˱һ
ķʼվѪǵıȦģΧĺɱ࣬ʼҲûκҪֵ˼
ҶȻһεϢѾ˳ҲֻͬǰվţΪʱֵЩɱ֣ܶľȴɲǶԷĵơ
Щɱ֡ûκζ
ķעޱȼУСַΧѾȵΪľܹԸĻܹ˺ֵƿأ
ˣǼɱֵ٣ķҲɰյķǳģ
ֻܹµжϳ룬λãȴʱ̶ڲͣı仯С
ǼɱַǳģǰЩĺɱڳƬƬıѪոǼɱȻûκεϢ
ڵȴᣡ
ȴһΪܹһĻᣡ
Ķ֣ķҲòٷ֮ٵľ񣬲˿ķɺЯ
ܻûκν֣ķǼɱֵ־ϵĶţȴҪȽսе˫գ
ֻҪֶĿ϶ؽӭ˴˵һ
۳ֻһĹȷͻϮɱ־Ѿһ룬ѪȴȻûκһˣΧȻûжһЩɱǣ˰Ͳסˣ
ȷڶϮģʮǼɱ֣
ΧѪǵǼɱֲͬʮǼɱֵĿޱȷ
ȫǳѪǹɱֵĿյΪ˶Ѫɱ˵ģ
ǼɱǵΧûжѪγЧɱˣҲѪǵľġ
ЩǼɱѡʱûκ⡣
ĻЩǼɱֵжԴﵽǳõЧϧǡЩǼɱжͬʱķҶȻҲͬʱˣ
εĿϢ˲еѪ̣ķҶȻһ˸һ棬ֱԴȭ
ķȭΪɢ֮е̫ȭȭ
ҶȻȭе̫ȭȭ
ͻƳΪ˲յؼ
ܹﵽʥͽľ磬ô֮ںϣճΪ̫¡
ջṩϢԺ춯أ
ɢֻ߱ﵽʥͽľ֮ͶԪöʱ䣬뵽һ棡
̫̫һȭһȭ𣬹񾪣


640 
ķ˫ȭγһԪɵǽ̩ɽѹĳһɱѹȥ
ҶȻ˫ȭȴγǧԪУ̼佫ڵһȫС
Ȼ˵ַʽȫͬɱȴûκβ
ʮǼɱ֣θּǺޱĹûκλ֮
һһĹ򣬾ֱӱԪǽѹ࣬Ԫи飡
ȻһǿЩˣȴӰս
ΪǼһֱǱŵɱ֡ˣ
ķҶȻжͬʱǼɱץסôһ˲ĻᣬԥĶķҶȻͬʱĳ
ķҶȻʼûжĻôЩɱֱȻǻǱڰȴŻᡣ
ķòʮɱͨɱֶѪγ֮󷢶ϮҶȻֵĻѪǵǰ״̬Щɱ֣Ȼ
ܺѪһʱ䲢㳤ķĿУʵѾЩѪȫԼļˡ
ǿܵĻķ뿴κһѪ
ɱ¾ǿʳ֮С
ķҶȻ붯֣֮ƣЩɱɱˣ֮شܹѪȡ㹻
ͬ뵽ΣС
֪ķɺ޳ɣ
Ӱ˲ϢеĶ˶ķȥֻӰҶȻȥ
еԶǺŽײε֮УԶһзߣ
ƺ̼㼱תֱ£ķһʱԼĿռָóǰͭȻֱӵ˺ԼҶȻС
óǼУ

ΧķӰڳ嵽ѪǾ£ıȦϷʱһӰȻǳһ䣡
ţӰԭޱȵٶȾٴһʵ
ֱӰ˦
ԭ⼸ӰٶȣѾ쵽ѪǶκηӦĳ̶ȡ
ôһοֲġ˼ļ٣ٶѾﵽȫԽ弫޵ĳ̶ȣ
ķľ磬ҲֻǰһС޷ԷԪ켣ȫ׽
һڵذ׷·˺˿ռһ㣬ûκףޱͻأֱӳķĲ֮ǰ
ëƺѾܹܵذϵĺ䣬ķȴûκҪ˵˼ӱֱǹһվԭأеĴȴԲ˼ٶϴ
磡
ĴէȻǰۿžҪֱӶķʺذױиɸɾĴذ
ذ׵ķâʱϣķ΢΢ͷذ׶ʱ°ͣ
ͬʱķһֻֻȭٶɱźȥ
ķĹƣɱȴûκҪ˼ذ׵ֺȻɿһתյƣ޼Ъ˳ذϵɵл˷յƣȻոջķ°͵ذף׺ݵĳķüȥ
һĶ仯ȫǷڵʯ֮䣬ķٶɱ֣һ֮Уûнйκε˼
ٶȣѾν˼ܹķӦޡ
˵Ḷֹ̌ȫޱȷḻɱ¾ֱ
ıܸˣĶ֣κͼӱܵͷΨһİ취ɱԷ
ֻɲǼԥ
ķȭͷӡɱֵؿϣɱֵذףҲѾϾҪķüģ
ɱԭͬڳһЩϵı仯ǿԼҪķͬھȻ
ţȻɫŸոո֣ûȫſͺȻͣͣ
Ϊһͻأĵķü֮ǰոպõסɱذ׵м⣡
飡
ķȭͷʵʵĺɱֵϡ
ɱֵɫ˲Ұֽذ׵Ҳ̼û˶˫ǲɫıķһȭӲĺɣеذȴҲ޷һ硣
ֻҪһľ룬
սǽķ°ͻһɼǵĴڣķüĴһƤ˺ۡ
Ϊ˸ġȴԼ
⣬ɱ֣
ѧ⣬Ȼɱ֮ʵ츳ˣֻǺܿϧǿ츳ҲϰԵĻῴˡѾܿˣվСңһһɱֵĹޡ
ŵɳȥɱ֣ķ˵
ɱķ˵仰ڰб۾
Ȼȥ
˼壬ȫԪ֮䣬ٶȡӦȫ
ͬʱҪĴۣķʱ籡ֽºҲ൱һʱͨ졣
Ծķϵһȭû̫ǿȴɵһʱݻȫľ


641 ѾĻϣ
ɱֱķһȭɱһûиķκʵԵ˺
״ȻɱֵԤϡ
ǼλɱȻѾ嵽˰;Уȴַ׷ӲֹסڰյǿͣӣȻ䵽˵ϡ
ֳȥϮҶȻɱҲˡ
ոպãѪǷΧֿɼĵط
ֻ⼸λɱ֣ƺֻҪӶеܹǣѪȴ
һɫĶЩɱ֣ЩŵɱԼɱҲʱͣ
ԭɱಫ˲İ
һƬţ·𷽲ŵĲɱֻ˵Ļþһ㣬ŵЩʬͿŵѪζȴʱ޿̲ˣ·ŵɱеʱ䲢ȴޱȲң
ϱɱǸһɱ֡ȻǴֱʣûǴĻӦǺܹ֯óɱ˰ɣʮǼǼ׿ʧЩȫ֯ӦþͿɢˡ
ķĨĨԼ°ͣմȾϵѪ΢Цſ˵
ѾжˣûƷԼѪζ
ǵһУÿڸ֮Լϲһζġ
ǿԼʼΨܸܵĴ־塣
Ψִ־壬ܴߴԼϱǿıǿ
ǿǿһ
֮ԼƺѾʧȥΣСʧȥַ·һεƤڲϱԼĽȸС
뵽ķȻ˫۵ɴԺһȻ̧ͷŲ֪ԼжԶĲ֮ϣһĨӵɫ
㡭ʲôˣ
ɱеһλ̲סʵ
ʲôˣһΪ֮ǰѾ֪ҵˡҽķΪǬʦЩϢ֪ͨǰĳ̼Ҽѵû˵𣿡
ķջԼĿ⣬ϵЦԴֳŪ
ǷȻͨһЩ飬Ϣ˶һ˿϶ǼɱҲûҳû֡
ķֱӽһʩչɱֲɱĳ棬ʵǹھЩ
ں֯ڲܹʩչɱ֣Ҳֻ˶ѣУɱܹʩչĸֻзķֵ֮Ψһһ
ķչֳսʵ˴˴βЩ˵ԤС
֪ʵĲΪʲô֯˽⣿Ȼ񷣶ˣôȻЩֶΣҲӦöĽ̵Ϊʲôǵ֯˵ƣȴƫƫ֯ĸǿһЩ㾿ʲôˣ
ɱٴʵ
ķԼıǼ⣬ʼ磬ڵҸʵҲŵġ
ѵҪǣ֮ˣһں֯ڴ˶ʮʱ䣿һɱֵĵλȻǶԺ֪֮֯꣬ټ϶ʮʱ䷢չ֯ԼѵɱֵķϵؽŻ͵
ʮγɵѵʽȻҲҪڵĸӺЧĶࡣ
ЩȻʵ˵Ļǻȥһĸ˽ܡ
Ǿ⣬۾ܹģʵ
Ȼ㲻Ը˵һһ⡣ΪʲôҪǺ֣
Ϊķڷܣɱֵǲ⣬Ǽڵ
Ǻ֣
ķ΢΢һ
û֯ʼֺһΪ֮Ի㷢ΪѰͬĶ˴ϲ˽Ʊػʱǲ֯ԵݣֻȥΪǵݺ֯ݿʼص֮ȴȻЩˡ
ɱֵ˵ͷгһ˿ɻ˵֯Ӵ˶˵ĵȣ㻹ûո¶ͷǣƫڴǬʱѾ֯ɱ¹֡һͨȫûκβĶַɹ֯ڲԱǴ˴Ŀзȥ飬ǵڶᱻڹǶ֣㡭˭
˵ˣǸʵҲţΪʲôҪǡٺ٣ⲻԶ׼ǵҪҵļţûгɹⲢҳΪУ˵ǰɣ
ķٴʼ硣
ͬ벻ͨһ㣬㾿ô֪ġȺ˺йϵ¡֯ڲҲǾԵĻܣɱ֣Ҳļ֪йؼһˡȻȷһȻɣڲ⡣ɺܿǾͷ֣Ļɸ޻̸֮һΪ޷⣬ǡӦôһ㡭
ɱϵɻ֮ɫŨЩ
һ㣬ֻ˵ǻǴɻµȥɣ
ķ£˺ҶȻȻȺͬʱ
ɱ֣ȻĹ


642 ѾĻ£
ûκǰѪȴڴʱչֳ˺ķ֮˵Ĭ
ķҶȻżɱֳȥͬʱѪҲǺȻըһɢ
ѪǺǼɱֵľôͻȻըѰѸɢľٶʱ˼ɱֵע⡣
Ȼֻסһɲǵʱ䣬Ǽɱֱ㷴Ӧ˹ע»صķϡ
һɲǵ񣬶ķ˵ȴѾˣ
Ԫ˼£ںҶȻ֮ȫûκθҵı˴˽ڣʹ˵Ϣӿֲ
ǼɱַӦͬʱķȻһӰһбͻأĴһɱֵţض
ɱͬʱͫ׾ķͻȻٶǵ׼ȫա
ŵһɱֵǰ͸ضֲ˼ת˺ɱһˣ
ͬȻѾɱڶɱֲûһɱϡͿȥеķͬʱѾķѴȥ
ͬھĴ򷢣
ŴذףķеûжҪٵ˼ֻȴǺȻ̧𣬵Լǰ
ۣ
ذ
ķٴδ̴ڶɱֵؿڣڶɱֵķȴʹذ׳ɹĴ͸ķСۣ
Ѫ䣡
ķ˲պúҶȻվһޱԼ˼£ڵѪȫֹס
ֻǺ°͵˿һ⼸ɱŵذƺЩӵЧķܹɹֹѪȴ޷ôڻָ°͵ĻںСϱͱĿ൱ĴĿġ
һͻϮķˣɱ
ǰİɱ֣ʣˣ
ôܣΪʲôҲֻ֯츳ɱֲܹõڵؾ
ʣɱҲ޷ĵľ㵣һ˾е
ķӦһ侲ĮƵĺɱ˵ѾǼΪ̽ıˡ
ӷŵĽֵڣʱǳݣķȴÿо֮١
ں֯˵ɱѾΪϡеĴڣǺ֯ĸ
ʮʱ䣬ŻһɱΪִȥڷǶ̶̵һС򣬾Ѿˣ
µǣ˵ֻǸĿ˶ѣ
ҲζţҪʣˣ֪Ҫ٣
ڴ˴Ƿܹɹɣɱֶʼ˶ҡ
ǰִ֮ǰûκһɱֿǹ˴ʧܵĿܡ
ʵҺͺ֯ǺԨԴģǷţһʼʱȷʵûҪԺ֣˵һǿɱһǿĵ˸ôǣҷ˼йغ󣬱˴˺ĻѾȫƻúֵĶԸ֣ʵԵЩ޳ܣɲòϣܶʱ޳ܲŻЧ
ķһ˵ţһŻԼۡ
ܱûκα仯ҶȻķӡȴĲķ״
ķǱذ״͸ۡѾˣ
ⳡսĹУǿ϶ܼʹˣ
ЩȻǴ֯ѧģ˭֯ĻܶޱĽ̸㣡ѵ񷣣֯ɱֻҪӿ£ܣ
ķԳкͺ֯ȷʵйϵʣɱͬʱϢϷ˱仯
ǰܣҲ˵ˣ֪һЩɱֶĶѵ񷣵ļɣȻͺ֯ļ֮ͬȴҪȺ֯ļɸЧȻˣЩ˭ܽأѵ𣿡
ȷԼѾϵķټ̽ᣬҪԼᣡһ˵ŵͬʱǰ̤һ
ʲʲô˼
ķͱ˵ƣɱּͬʱ̲סһ
ڻķʼձķ⼸ɱֲûע⵽ķ۵쳣
ԭǵĹ۲¡
ķչֳĶԺ֯˼˽⣬ʹ⼸ɱʶıĸЧ
ֻΪķȻѡ۵ֵǱ㹻İȥԿĸЧ
Ȼڴ󲿷ֵʱܹ·ĳЩ£ȴҲͬпܴʧ
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òͷƬ½ϵŻ֮Ϊ˶Կ˶뾡˼һеİ취һģȫʧˡµĵطڣԶҲֲ뵽ġԼõģԼĵĿ˵İšԶԣѡ֮ٻ˵ء
˾ʥ˵ͬʱ˵ӰȴǺȻƾʧ
ķһëֱ
ŨҵζϾϸ룬һ˼ǰһ
ͬʱķĺһѪ˾ʥӰȴǽԭվطĺ渡ֳ
һжϲԡ
ķһ˾ʥûκμ׷ɱ˼ǾôվԭأǱķ˵ȷʵ޷ӳʥͽ֮ϵǲҶûоԵʵơ
ķϥڵأźʹǰԶһĮ˾ʥһʱĬȻ


648 ϵ
ʵأķȻûп˾ʥĶɶĻ㼰ʱ
ѪţʵĻڲֻƤ˶ѡ
ķ𾪣
ſ˾ʥֱɱ֣Ȼ˿źǾģҲȲֱ۸ܡ
οɱѾ˵Χĸ֪жϼ½һޣᱻ͵ϮͻȻɱҲʲô޷ܵ顣
Ȼڿж϶˾ʥ˵ʵЩذ
ô
ҶȻһʱ嵽ķԣվķ࣬һؿ˾ʥ
˵ľ൱ҶȻ߱СԶ˾ʥĶĸģ
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ķ˿ڴԳЦ
һ顣
˾ʥӰٴʧԭء
ķκ˼ֱؽԵҶȻƿԼǽͬźҶȻ෴ķȥ
˲Ÿոշֿԭмλñ㻮һâ
˾ʥӰǽĳâ֮ǰ
޷ӳʥͽ֮ϵζܹνľҡվӵʥͽ֮ϵľ磬ֻΪĳԭ򣬲ֲܽεʩչˣֻҪ绹ڣôֻܶʻε㶼ҵĶ֡Ͼ⣬ʵֲ̫ˡ
˾ʥһ˵Żһ߲ͣĶķŹ
ٶʵ̫죬쵽Ѿ˷ܹ׽ļޣķֻǿֱͨȥܣ֮⣬
˾ʥĹƵԽԽ죬ķܶʼ쳣ǿ˵Ƿˡ
˵ôһλʱ䣬˾ʥѾķһٴϵĹ
ֹܼķܵҲԽԽأ
ȻѾھȫȥܣҲɹ˴󲿷ֵĹٲֵĹȻУҸ˲˺
˾ʥĹķоޱȵܡ
ɱ˵ĽǶ˵ǹǺܿ£ķڵ壬ȫܹȡǿӲķʽȥӦԣ±ʮ£Ҳ޷ڵķʧȥս
ǣβĹһۼӵ㹻״̬ķܹӰ죬Ȼ쳣ŵġ
ôǲǾúܱ
˾ʥڲͣعķͬʱҲڲͣ߶š
ƺֱߴ˵κӰһ㡣
ҵ㣬ҴʱܹӳսżĲ࣬ûа취ʼմڱҾԵѹƵУһ޷ʩչ֪Ӧܶγɹָоܰɣ
ڿ쵽ֻܿӰĶ˾ʥٵһֱһΪĲϡ
ͬħĲͣķĶ䵱УʼղϵĹķ𽥵Ŀʼĸ
㻹֧ţͨĵֿƺǿĹЩǻ˵Ļ֧Ųһʱɣƫƫ֧ôõ㣬ƺܼ֧ȥʵЩҵİ
˾ʥķĺһ˺ۺ󣬹״̬Ȼͣ
ˣȸʥĴʥУǳ־սǿģȻˣⷽҲųѰ֪ǸһŮӣǲҲӵƵҾɱɡ
˾ʥ˵꣬Ӱٴʧ
ķͫ˲󺰵Ȼ
ϵر׷ʹôʱķҶȻ֮Ѿ൱һξ룬ҪȥԮҲˣ
̫
ҶȻûķĺܣ˾ʥȥͬʱ˽߳һ˫ֺʮڵԪʱȶҶȻΪģγһۿɼԲ
ҶȻУ
ԪŨȴﵽһı׼֮󣬱ֳ󻯵״̬ŨԽ󣬾󻯳ĶܶȾԽΪȻԽӷΪߣǳš㡭ܴ
˾ʥӰҶȻԪγɵԲ֮⣬΢΢ü˵
ٶ̫죬ķ޷ܣȻҲܵˣȻˣԸð취ٶٿ죬ɱ㣬޷ͻҵķҲ¶ˡ
ҶȻƽ˵
Ƕ˰ɣǣҪά˸ŨȵȫǷǳ˵ġ㡭֧Ŷã
˾ʥԪվҶȻǰһЦЦıʵ
֧ŵҰ򵹣
һȻͻأĴ˾ʥϵһθ˾㵵ɫ


649 
䣡
̳
˾ʥڵһĵ˳ȥ
ɵģķеǰͭ
ѹôãĴһΣָо泩
ķӶϵ˿˵
ڱķֱӺɵ˾ʥڵɵͬʱٴʧ
³ķߵкϱжֵѾȫʧֻϵɫȴû֮ǰһоƿصĴݡ
ôģ
˾ʥޱʵ
ʲô
ôϢģȻҵʵѹƣΧĸ֪ȴ̫ܵӰ죬ڵʵڽӽҵȴҷ֡
˾ʥŵ˵
˵Ҳûʲôѵ㻹ûзҺȻϢûκβġ
ķĴֳָԵҶȻָָ
ûκβ𣿡
˾ʥȻŤͷҶȻֳ˳ķһʱ䱶𾪣
Ԫͺָһÿ˵Ƕһ޶ġ
ûκ˵Ԫܹһģһ֮Ҳɣ
˾ʥ𾪣֪޷ȥǰ״
֮ǰûע⵽˵ûпǹķҶȻ˵ϢȻһģһ
Ȼϸ΢в𣬵ȴȫһµģ
˾ʥֱδţ
˫ӣҲԪȫһ£һ¶ô£Ѳɣӵͬ겻ɣ
˾ʥһ𾪵ؿķʵ
ҵδޣȻӡⲻǺ
ķٺЦ
һ˺ۣƿҲЩأʱ˿̣˾ʥ𾪵ģԵķϷһ㡣
ƨδ޶ȥˣԪȫһµģһԶûУ֮УҲûУ
˾ʥЩƺеʧء
ԭ˾ʥҲʧ̬ʱ򣬿ʥĲսƵ˼صˮ׼ͬʹľҲܵ˲СӰ찡
һȻڳ˵Ķ
ЩԭΪķ˾ʥսһ㲻֮ǰæѪǣֵͬʱȫͣ
ʶģ˵߶ֵķȥ
˾ʥȻŤͷűɫ䣡
ķ΢΢üϸ˾ϲĪɫ


ķ˾ʥͬʱֻ˵ȴǽȻͬ
ȻҲ˳
˾ʥȭɫֱ
ܳΪʲôܣܳԵĿ꣬ҵֵܣҵȻ͸Ҫˡ
˾ʥ˸ۣλ飬ٳʱѾķԡ
ֵܣô̶̵ʱ䣬Ѿﵽεľ磬ò˶ãͿͻƳΪʥͽˡ
˻֮Ѿܳʱûڴ֮ǰ˽ֻ޻ԭйôݵĽӴʱ˿̣ķûжԱ˴˲κİĸо
һֵӣķʱΪ֮һɣڷ·޴ڵʹӿϮ
˾ʥսĹУʼǿ־ȥԿƴʱȫ汬ķǰʱʼģ
Ȼô֡ȻˡҲͲʲôˡҡЩסˡ
϶˵꣬ķһΣȻǰŵȥ
ڼҵϵʱһ˫ֽķסȻ§˻
ҶȻޱİڵϣѾ˹ȥķͬբĺˮ㣬ԼڵԪķڶȥ
̫࣬СӪֻ˶ѣƲ̫ء֮ǰսľ޴󣬷һֱֻӲŰˣʱҲˣŷ˾񣬵޷֧ţǺ̫ġ
ɨķһۺ󣬿ҶȻ˵
ҶȻҲǹңȻϵı鿴ʲô仯ķӦȴжϳܶණ
ѣҶȻͨȥķڵ״
ȷ˵ûķƻأ֮Ի赹ֻ̫󣬵ѡ
ôأ뿪ǡҸ뿪
֪ҶȻϢһЩŤͷЦЦĿ˾ʥ
̫֣
˾ʥˮȻǱвȴûκҪֵ˼
֣ʺ˼ϧڶԸˣϵֵܣΣҲܲܡ˾ʥҶѹƵ״̬״̬£ܹӳרҪսĶ࣬ԡҴ𣿡
˫ֱأһνı顣
˾ʥҧɫһãǼѵһͷתѡȥ


650 ϣ
ķʱ򣬱㷢Լ֮С
ԴҶȻĴϣǰɵĵϸ΢š
ҶȻĴȴмãûָѵķһʱЩƮƮȻͬʱ˳Ƶת˸ԭƽɻ˲ɵ״̬
ǡķ泯ŵķҶȻ˫֮䡣
ôһתʹķʱȫҶȻȸм䡣
⶯ЩͻȻҶȻʼնķϣҲһʱ䷢ķָѣȻ׼㡣
ڵһӺͬʱؽķԼ˳ȥ
磡
ķʵʵĵĳذϡ
۰
ҽķԼڳذϣǿؿҶȻ
˭㲻ʵģûб𡣡
ҶȻС˵ġ
ֵܣ񲻴ôãŸոѹҪϷǰ;
Ϥڶķ֧ҶȻԣڵڶһʱȴûпڡ
Ӱңڿķ֮˱ֱӴӳ˳ȥ
ϢҪ֪Ѫ̣ѪǼġ
һ˯˶ã
ķʵ
ãոʮѣƺ˵ʱѹѾ㹻ǿıˡǵƶȽأ˾ʥǸһҲ֪ûг׵ģһ·϶ǣٸʲôСһȺ˺ţ·ٶȱȽڲŸոճǵıĿ뾩Щ·Ҫء
ڵĻش
ʮ죿ҾȻôá
ķͷ촽ǰȭͷļϴһ¡
þòֵܡ
þòֵܣ
˵ȭͷһ𣬷˹ͷ͹ͷײ
һоڲС
˵ʵҺ⣬û뵽ȸװĻԭϣ㻹ѾѼװǣԻûоȸװϴ񣬾Ȼ˶̵ʱ֮ޣǾȸװϴĻ⣬ԪװϵٶȣȻ֮УҲǿˣοԪŨԶ򡣿κ˵ⶼǲܵ顣
ţһ˵ţһ߲ͣҡͷǺε̾
װϴ񣿡
ķüظһ顣
㲻֪
ϸɫ
֪һɣΪ⣬Ҵ֪ȸװĻȫװ£ҵľ緢ԾʽҶԴ˻ǣԲôȥַʽ
ķʵ˵
ǣʲôǵģһΪмء
Ȼ˵
ôô룿ôظûκθõѸ磬ҵȻŹɵӲŻ£ҪԼĿޣʱ˵õ°
ķ̲ס˸ۡ
۾ؿ˿ķ꣬ȻͷЦ
ðĹȥЦŽֹϢҡͷЦȻû㻹ԭӣҺܿġİɣȸװӵߵϴûκθõġֿٵľҲҪ㸶κδۡȸװνϴ񣬲װ߱ĸӹܣǡһֻۡ
ۣ
ûԴȸʥʧ֮ȸװɢÿһװȡ˲֪ԪЩԪװᷢʱ䣬ԪΪʥҲνɷ֮已̥Ϊʥͽ֮ӵеϢ
˵ķЦЦ˵˰ɣνϴ񣬲ǵõװˣʹòװװܵؽЩϢɢĽ֮ԻľΪʥĪĺôʥĹעܹ𽥵ĳʥͽתͬʱҲعĸһûгΪʥͽ֮ǰ統ȻǳΪʥͽ֮ʥϴҲȻ𵽷ǳá
װĻۣ
û
ע⵽㷽ֻ˵ȸװȴûᵽʥװ˵ܹӵʵװֻȸװ𣿡
ˣȻ˵Ĵʥװڱϲûи֣֮ĳ˵ȸװȴʥװǿġҲġھǿʲôطʲôطҲֻ˽һЩƤëѣʥװ⣬ȫĸֵ伮Կ¡ֻܿԼȥоˡ
Ľͣķܵĵͷ˿ԼϴŵĻ䣬һʱЩӡ


651 £
ȡԪӦòȸװŻ߱ıܰɣ룬ʥװ϶Ҳֻ߱ȻϴֻȸװŻеĸӹܣôʥװӦþ֮߱Եĸ˴ڸıʽϲֲͬԭɣ
ͷĬһķ̧ͷʵ
Ȼʥװȫûκ˽⣬ƾƲ⣬ܹóһʵ಻ԶĽֵۣܣ츳ʵǾˣȸװĻԵԭɡ
ͷ˵
ôʥװĸʲôӴԪȫʥģҲӦġĿǰΪֹֻһΣǻǲȫװʱ伫ΪݣЧȴѾѰľˣҺܺ桭
ķüʵ
ʵ֪Ĳ࣬ȫĸԴҲеЩ伮أҲ֪Դ񡣵Ŀǰȸװļûġʥװ׻װɱ˵丽ΪʥתΪʵԵɱԷΧġ޲ĶܹκӶᣡ
Ӷ᣿
ɱ¾ӵа׻װǿߣΧûκ壬Խ࣬ƾԽҪӵа׻װǿ߽սΨһȡʤķʽͨǿܡ֮⣬
װĸΪԷȵʥӵߵΧ̳ʥ£ҪװķǿĶ࣡
װװĸвûмأҲ֪
ӺףЩ˼˵
ˣ㷽˵ЩѵԴʥʧ֮ʥװʹû
ķ˸ʵ
ûȻ˶֪ʥװ򣬲֪ʥʦԼʦŬȥԶͻܹӦװװãֱİʱ䣬ЩӦװòŵһĳ˷Ӧ֮ǰܶѾʥװһִ˵ΪĴˡ
ͷش
˵һ޻ԭʶʱڵҪ̹ࡣ
ҲΪķʵǸʱѾ˾޴ӵȸװĻͼװڵķѾ˵бҪȥ֪Щˡ
ðɣʥװ飬֪ҲǳޣһԼɡ˵ô֮ǰǸ˾ʥҲ˰ɣûǴĻʱ޻ԭʱ˵֮ϳ˷϶ܹ򣬲һҪڷ϶ʧǰϻȥôءѵֳַ϶ˣ
׿˹ʥװ⣬ķעŵϡ
ȻûУĳַ϶Ļ˾ʥͰȫɱˣܳŵҼʱϵ
˵ţַֻŵԼǰȻһֱӽ·ȫȻ¶˺ʵţ
⶯ЩͻȻһֱרע˶ԻҶȻʶıͷȥ
ķüǰλãΪؿϣһޱȸӵԲͼ
ġģ
ϸĹ۲һСĹķЩȷʵ
ûֵܣ㻹ѧôӵĶȻֻǿһжϳ;
·´½һĿķһı顣
ȿȣԶԶ
ķЩΡ
ˮ׼ķѧԺǫظ˵ԼȨ
ˮ׼ķġҿУˮƽҲͬһķġ˵ʵȥж;ķǷǳһˡ
ķΪʲôΣֻǼ͵ģҺ˾ʥܹ֮򣬾Ϊǵǰġ
ΨһãܹЩϻĵˣһѹڴԼ൱ҵĲϣǼ򵥵Ϣѹƣǽ״̬޶ϣʹǴκνǶȥûκ𡣳ˡе⣡
·ºָָĴ⣬˵֮ϣһطγɵĶҪƭط򣬿ɲʲô׵顣ܹճ֣Ҳ֪ڴ֮ǰжΪ֪֮ΪʲôûʥͽΪطԼ򡭡Ͳʥͽ棡
ͨĵãҺ˾ʥļһܹһ̶ϵ֮䣬ܵɾ޴󣬱ÿһͨʱ䶼һޣ֮УǲԽ⿪ĵƣǱ޷ص򣬲һڵһʱعżӶعֱĨɱԡʵķʽ򣬼ҲǷǳΣյġ˾ʥֶΣȻѾЩǽζˡ
ٺЦ˵


652 ؾ
һʱķʼղͣͬѯʸָĹϢ
˵ĺ˴δܳȫǲµӦ֮٣Ϊ˾ʥͻȻȥ׷˾ʥĺֻܳΪƻ˾ʥı
۶˵Ƕ˾ʥͨǼΪðҲܳ־õġ
˳û뿪֮ǰķҪ֪ܶ顣
ʱָķԤеԼҪӡѾԶˣ
ӱĿϻؾ·;ķ˲ʱ䣬ٱʱʱ䣬Ҫ໨һҡ
ķĻֻһԭѪȫҲǸ·ٶȷŻ֮һ
һ·ĵԼķ˵ҩϿ˷һĹӦһ»ص˾ĳǽ֮ʱ˶Ѿٴα
Ҿ֮ǰͺ֯ǲҵս֮Ѫǵʵٴ
ֲսԶܹʵķʽֻǶھķܳá
Ϊܶʱ򡭡һ֮սôܻһЩӵĽ
Իָش
ͬķʼܹṩָĸ߽׵ҩˡҲҲڶˡ
ͬ˵ģʥͽ֮ϵľ磬Ϊĵȣʥͽֻ͵ĵĵȣΪߣڶΪʥǿĵһȣǴ˵֮еʥʣ
ķŶʵ
ǰѾϡܹΡĳǽ֮ǰ·˵ģڽķһ˰ȫʹﾩҪ
Գ뿪֮ǰķЩûŪҪһ¡
ûǿһʥʡʷֻλԴλʥʧ֮ô֮еǿߣʼֻǶȵʥˡȻʥ˴Ҳǿ֮֡Ŀǰ֮УΪʥˣһֻʮҺ˾ʥλСԭʥʮ˵ģһǰ޻ԭϻɱҲǸʱʶ㡣
˵ͷЩп˵
ʥô٣
ķΪ⡣
Ӧж٣
һ䡣
ô˵ƺҲӦֻôٲŶԡ
ķǼ⣬һʱЩȻ
һʥͽ֮ϵľҲʥͽ֮ȫͬһΪʥͽﵽһֲΣֲΣҺȥֻͣҪ֪ʥͽ֮ϣÿһˡ
λĳš
֮УʵҲȻʥͽ֮µЩͨˣֻԪŨҪŵĶ࣬ѶҲҪСö֮࣬УʥͽĲԶԶġʥͽ֮ĵȣ˵ǰʮʥ⣬ĵʥͽȻ࣬ߵ˵ѾǳϡˡȻ֮⣬һȺԶʥͽЩ˲иĻĽзǼϰʥͽ򣬱ǳǿߡ
˵ţѾͷķһۺ΢΢һЦֳ̧ķȭͷ
ˣֵܣҵˣٲȥĻ¾ҪˡȻⶫҲǺ⣬ҵĳ˻ûȫɱ⣬ʵ̫ΪøҶѾȫˣȫҪԼֵܡټɡ
˵꣬һʧķߵС
ΧߵѪ̣ȴǶʧȫȻûκηӦ
˵ʥ־ǿ˵ѹνΣҲʥͽ֮µķܶԿġ
ķ˵ٲȫ޷֮ô֮Żĵķ
һ޵ʱ䣬˾ʥʱĵĻĵʴ£Եʧ
Ȼ˾ʥܽܵġ
ʲôϾҪˡ
ķҶȻʵ
ûʲôֻЩ˵ЩϢȻ˵˾ʥܹ֮ϴ𣿡
ķҡҡͷŬҪԺиĪͷ˦
Ҳ֪Ѿܹ룬ûжϡҸĵģ˵ġװѾ룬׻װװƺҲѾȸװǻһǴߵԴϣһ϶˾ʥĻҪôܼȸװ
ҶȻķʵ
ķգգ۾ȻЦʼ硣
ʱҲûʲô취ֻһһɣ룬Ӧòô⡣˵ʥװûм֮ǰǲͨϽģ۲ȡַӡֻκηʽûܡȻ˾ʥĻװҲᱻ£ֻҪֱǾлᡣ
ҪĿꡭǴߡ
û֯ͻȻȫԱɱһʼ뷨ڿֻܿԼˡ


653 Ŷ
뿪֮ķһ˺ǵ͵ŶǣȻһѪ̽ڱţʣµǵͷֱӻļլ
뿪ʱ䲢㳤ļѾ췭ظı仯
ԭļֱϵѪȨǶѾ׵ϴļѾȫ뵽֧ƿصС
ǼǼ⣬ķĸģȫȫĽ֮С
ļڵȥԼȥ֮ǰʣֱϵӵܵķԸټǰ峤һϵİʹļûκζĵķ
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ЩͨĹ٣ֵʵΪˣ־ȽϲһЩˣ޷֧Լվơ
ǽϸʿޱȽţһ߬е·ǶܹһЩϸ΢İȫһ㡣
ݡݡ¡ʵ̫ΣգƼݡ
վǬԶڸθŲ˵
Σգθγԣ
ķЦеĿʵ
ʦˣȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵¾Ѿۼ֮ࡢޱ޼ʵޣ˭Ҳ֪ЩܵҪʲôֻҪ޷ʼǣǽȻΣյĵط֮յأ
θЩ˵
θΪʲô϶Щޣ߲أ
ķЦеʵ
⻹˵ʼڻԭ֮УͻȻۼȫӻԭܳѵǳĲɣ
θԽӼ
ǵȻģǡݵģ
ķ˵ţϢţǽ˵ĿȫԼϺ˫ſ޻ԭڵ޾ж٣ʵΣʼûһȷеĸ˶֪ܹƿһǶ˵ûܹΪ޷ͨ޻ԭе÷ʽڻԭͨɱõϣȻǶϼ֥
Եǻһֱ˼޻ԭ飬ƶһܹȫշķǰЩ޼ɵĽҲ˵Щ֮Իܵ⣬ݵġ
˵꣬ķֱתǬԶ΢΢ǷͬʱǬԶ˼۾
ķȻ˵ǬԶڿķʹɫ󣬶ʱô¡
ȻɸоȴǱֵļΪ壬˵Ŀ⣬ǬԶϵĵ˵ͷתߵ˳ǽϣ泯޾޺˫һֱվ˳ǽǽϣ
һƻۣڷ졣
ǬԶȺվǽ֮ϣе·Ϭһ㣬ŭһ
춯أ·ĳǽںв
ţ˲˼ĿУֹͣȻǰ룬·ֱӳǬԶһ㣡
ʲʲô
ٹȫɴ۾˭Ҳ޷ԼڿһĻȻʵģ
һ޼ʵ޺ȻȻĳԼҵĻʵ۱¹ݣ
⡭⵽ô£


659 ܿ
˵ЩٹǸоˣǬԶԼѾһ׼ǿǰ޾ǣôֱӰݷԼǰҲɸоĪ𺳣
һԺɨ
ǰЩޣɢĿֲϢԲεǿߣ
ЩͻȻô޳ĳʵĳǽ²ֽƬǿ϶١
һκ˶Ϊ֮ôԼĽ£
ǬԶһʱЩ㱣վǽϷ˴
ķע⵽ǬԶ״̬ı仯ɵǰվǬԶ˵ʲôǿһȥɣǽڳʱפֱȷһֵĿ󣬱Ϊȷ
ǬԶ΢΢һ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ󣬿ڵƽԶ࣬ȥٵϢɣ޻ᰲźڹԱṩʳҲгڰնλ棬ҪΧ۵ģλҪ˶ꡣ
𣡡
еٴһȻǰĻ£תͷȥ˳ǽⲻԶĵط
޶ڻӦԶ࣬κ֮£ǶʱԼķʽϢǰ㣬׼о֮Ķ
ڻĴ£ֻҪЩǿԿסıܣʼձһ԰ݵ״̬£㲻Ǭκθ
ʳ
ճڻԭڵʱǻȫԱ˴ΪʳģȻߵǵԪ裬͵ǻҪͨʳȡӪġ
Ա˴ɱ޻ԭЩʼܹһ̶֮µҪԭ
ڣǶ˳Ϊ˱֤սڲֻֿŵھԵѹ֮£ʧȥƣһֹǱ˴֮ʳΪ
һʳͳ˷ǳҪˡ
ǬԶĴ£ٹ˳ǽ
ڷڳǽ̫֮ҡʱ˿̵ٹǣǬԶѾȫͬ
֮ǰʱٹǶǬԶغ;ηΪǬԶƨǰӡ
ǷڳǽĿ޺֮ЩٹǶǬԶغ;ηѾȫתƵ˶ǬԶϣ
ԭפڳǽ֮ϵЩʿͽѾǬԶΪ漣
ǬԶûе֮ǰĿ޺ٽÿһ˵ﶼ˾
Ϊʿʼ֧ǣһЩ˱Ҫֱľˡ
ǬԶĵ޳ȴݷһ̣ǬԶӰʿͽĿУǰδеĸߴ
ٹ»ص˻ʹ֮ڣٴεǬԶŴ֮ϷҵĹԱǣܹԵĸоЩԱĵϵı仯
һžȨĸо
ǬԶţ˽֮ǻڳϷģԱǶĳЩĲͬ׵׵ʧ
λڱĿİţɻ飿
ǬԶµɨһȦĹԱǣų˵
ԱǱ˴˵ͷ֮һĴ
û֮ǰǰ㣬УνԼ
ܺãȻûˣǽյ糯͵˽ɡ붼ⶼ֣顢¸ȥ鷿ʦҲһͬǰȥɢ˰ɡ
ǬԶ˰֣ٹ΢΢Щ£ʼٴιǬԶԵ̱˳ȻǬԶ
ֱǬԶͱеֵļȫȥ֮󣬰ٹŷ׷߳˴
⣬˴˴һƺҪ˵Щʲôƫƫֲ֪οڡ
󣬱һ̾ϢȻһı˴˵˵ͷȻȥ
ԭ˴һ𣬼ǬԶķʩѹ糯ȴĪֵĵز˵ʩѹ뷨ȫûʵˣֵܹģǬԶγɵһǣãҲϡͿı㳹׵Ķˡ
һԾĴܿ䣡
ʱǬԶѾż鷿УԸСŰ˼κǬԶû鰸֮󣬶ߵ鷿Ĳǽǰ
ڲǽϣһеľ޴ͼ
ܱ߹ȫ̵֮Ϊܹϸµջʱֹͣ˼ĽŲֻȫȶ֮ټȻжȫֹͣСģһЩʳȴʼڽУһֱڣѾӵһһЩأ
վڲǽǰǬԶһ߿˵ţһǾ޴ĵͼϻһȦǬ͵ǰռȫµһ顣
Ҫǣ޻ԭЩޣһȫΪܹƵ£Ҿáʱһжˡ


660 һƻ
Լ֣̩˵ϲû¶ʲôɫ
ĸˣĴ󶼶ҲǬһ֣̩Ļ飬Ϊڸ׸ͳĳ
κһվǬȻǺǬԶټǰ鷿Ϊ¡
˵ǣܹ޻ԭڵЩޣ˵ʵ֮ϲЩǵսΪֲսϲͬʿγսϣֻҪ䱾ܵɱǱܹսһϣѾ㹻ɨˣ
˵ͷͬǬԶ
ͬ붼֮ͣ¼ĽŲҪѾռ⣬кҪһ㣬ǱԱĲ㡣ΪһսѾ׼ʮ꣬׼ܰӰ죬ʿҲܻᴦһĽ֮£ͻɹڳصĸ
쿪ڽ˵̵ܱ߹֮Ϊ˱֤פԼռľԿƣıΪɢʼ׽ΪӦԽҪеսһʱ䣬ҪĹڣȻЩ޵ļ룬ǱԽԼʱˡ
֣飬Σ
󶼶ͬԼ뷨ǬԶֱŤͷ֣̩ʵ
ر£ȻսùĲ٣̵ܱ߹߹ϲӶᵽĲƸͬҲԾ޴Ĳ䣬Ŀǰ飬Ƿ˳հҵ֮ͬǰǰģսٽиӣҲܳܵס
֣̩ȻȴǼãؿ˵
ճϷ飬ԭ򵽵ʲôĸλӦöǷǳġԵǻһֱԻΪԳӵΪ಻ȥĳЩԭ򣬵֣ĻȴúܶΪƿۣΪԽ޼ɵ޺ܲˡ
ǬԶһתȻתһ糯顣
֣̿
سͬʱͷֻгһӡ
֣̿ǻ֣̿ЩλᷢҪǷĵĻ֣̿˵˵ﲻΪȻĻ̿֡
ǬԶ˵ţصԼǰϣº˵ʦ˵û֮ϵˣȫǳڹģôȻָ޵ıӴǻҲ̡ܹɼȻǵı˽飬ֺαطҪνñȥԱ˺ָ浱ɵ𣿡
֣̿
ķͳ⣬ֱϯǬԶǰ
飬ϣԺٲҪˣκζ˽ģһҿ⣬ΪԼļıȡҲǳס˽ĺ󣬲Ӧý֮ϡһΣ˭Ҷģ˭Ϊ棬ҾͻὫ˭׵Ĳ˻壬ΪٵĹף
ǬԶն˵
ּ
ˣɣҲͻȻижģĿͳһһǺҾԽĲ̣ɽ۹ֻǶеϣ۽֮խȥıȡ¡
ǬԶ˰֣˵ȻǶΪû⣬ô׼һ°ɡŪһսƻ֣£ڷ棬Ҫġ¸ҲȥЩ˼Ƚϻһģͣһ㣬¶ײҵǹȻ׶ҪĿսô˭ֻҪʱ鷳ұ㲻ģʱѻյǵͷϣҲøţ𣿡
ǣ£ּ
ӳҲһװ˯ˣʵʵĺһ
սƻһ㣬ҵһ뷨λ˵һ¡
ķ΢ЦվȻ󽫳¹Զһܡ
󣬿˵ȻҪƶսƻôΪһʼĵһսҪɾ䡣¹ǿΪӦǽ֮Ϊ׹ĻҪҷö࣬ͬʱγɵЧҲҪõöࡣȻֻҸ˵Ľ飬ھҪҪɣλǵ⣬λִ±ҪǵĶ棬϶Ҫҿǵĸӵöࡣ
һۣĳķǷʦǵĸǣ·κ飬ֻҪʦԸ֣һӭжһ㣡ȻϵԣǿԿ߿սˡֱóµͷɨһУ
ˣȥоɣ֣ȥǵõ¾еʳṩȥǴ̣ȴҪӡ֪Ǹǳѵ񣬵֣ҪɣҪҪǮвʡ
ǣ£ϳȥ
ɢ˰ɡ


661 ޲
ÿȺϺ궷Ƕ£ˡ
ȵȥ֮鷿ֻʣǬԶķʱǬԶһֱŵǹ±ȻͬйƤһ㣬̼ʧ١
ûйͷƵбϣεؿ˵
ǰӣҪӦĴۣ־Ҫһֻˡ
ķЦЦתߵǹŵͼĲǽǰ档
ͼϷһûκεαʾĿհ򣬳ǿհĽ·⣬û
򡭡
δСʣվܴ󿪴ϣΪߣƾ£һԶܵƣҲǼġʦеʱͦ£Լϣȴң߰Ľɽȴհҵʵ۵ʱ䣬ʱجоѣǺͺ󹬵һҲΪڽӴûжԼ˼
ǬԶվЦ˵ҶǴʲôʱʼ𽥵ر⸱ӵˣʼһдʧȥǣȥԼ᳹׵ıһˡ
ÿ˶ãʱ䡢Щܻʱʱ̿ǱĬظıǡǺģþ±仯ֻҪʼռرģʼռǵԼ뷨ʼĿ㹻ˡΣľƺڴ޵֮ǰͻʥͽ
ķһʵ
ʦҲ֪츳ֻ㣬֮Բ˸׵Ը͵ѧȭԭûԼܹǻƵۡڼȻԵɺ֮£ӣҲֻܾܵĽһ鶼á˵ģҴһʼʹһܶƱҪΪжʱȥ
ǬԶνЦЦ˵ҿĺܿô˳Ȼˡץʱӣ֮ǰܹȷһ̳ߣ·ᣬ¡
Һ㣬츳һ㣬ֻҪ㹻ʱȥޣһаͻʥͽġڡأ£Ҳܷˡ
ķε˵
ʦô˵ܻãڻŵʱܹ顣һΪĸԸ
ǬԶ˵
ܹǬԶȷʵǷĵģķٶ˵鷿УʼǬԶл

޴ӻԭ˳ҼھϢ·˳һ㣬ѸٵĴÿһ䡣
ͬʱǬ۾ǬԶٳǽ֮ϣٳݵĻ棬˵Ŀڿഫ£ҲԽԽɫγ˲ͬİ汾
ֻЩ汾жһͬ㣬ǱǬԶţȺĤݣ·
Щ԰汾ܹѸٵĴڵһʱ俪ʼžÿһǬĿڴ￪ȥ䱳ȻȱٹٷƲ
һʼЩϢʱ򣬼˵ĵһӦǾţϢԽԽ࣬ûһ˶ô˵ֲű㽥ĶҡܿһЩ˵֮£Ƚϵһ˿ʼӳǽ뿪ǰϢ˵Щפĵط
ֱЩĿǺѹѹһƬһͷ޺ǲĿʼ֮ǰһС
ܶڿ޺󣬵һӦǵͷܣǷԱܵĿ־壬ô󲿷˴ûпǹȥӽޡ
һֵΪֻ߱һʵޣȥЩޡ
Ƿ֣ǽ뵽ǹеľ䷶Χ֮ʱЩҲȻʵʵſԭأûκι̬Щ˱㽥ĵӸ
˹ޱȾı飬һһĿޣһֱѾվǰֻһҵľϣȴЩ޽ֻǵ۾ǣ֮⣬ûκ춯Щ˱㳹׵ķˡ
ȫȫĿʼţЩѾǵĻʵ۱
ЩԭͣһԶĵط׼ʱתܵˣߵ£Ҳʼ
һִޣִֶǽֻǲͷĻζӣûκйԵΪ޺ıԵĿʼޱ˴˺гദĻ棡
ԽԽ˵õϢʼ½½Ĵӳ߳޺ķӦõǬԶֱԲδκ
ֻɳ൱һάֳǰۿ޵̫࣬Ӷɧҵ
ͨУŮףļ뵽Ⱥ嵱С
Ǻܶ໹ᱣһľ룬ͯȴûô뷨඼˷ܵܵ޵ߡ
ԴǾԵЩ꣬ʼҲûκιĶںͯǵɧţֻǱֳһε״̬
İǵһη֣ԭޡҲԼеô£


662 Ѭģϣ
ҹˮǹڣҹɫȣڴ޵ͻȻ֣ұ֤ʵѾԼҵĻʵ۱շʹֳǳµÿһȫ뵽˷ܵС
Ȼڣһʱ䣬ɻȫرգȻҪصԼļС
ЩĿ˴˵˶ɵҰޣʱȴʵʵſھǽ֮ǣȴڼȵĿ֮ߡ
ҾõˣȺľۼھ¥ֻ߷֮Уӷ˵ǻܵڵĸ¥֮ڣȥѰԼõĹͬҫԼЩͬʱڹһ硣
ЩҾһ㣬᲻ȥƹֻߺ¥˷ǮģҲûͬǰ˯
ϼǮܻóġ
һҹɫ£Լļһţõδƺͨ˵ܼΪյԺС
ʱ˿̣ھĳǽ֮⣬ȴôҹµ͵͵ĶǽĽ䡣
硭ǡҪȥ͵ǡЩޱ޼ʰǵķ˿һ֮صġ
еһЩĵؿ˵
ʲôġСģЩ޲Ѿշ𣿰ʱҲ۲ˣЩƽͷôò޶ûκηӦЩԸСһһ֪е𣿡
ͷĺ˿˵
ȷʵǣһΪǾЩͨûвŻֵô׺أ
ȿڵԾĵǡ
ɵˣֲûȥ޻ԭʲôʱ򻹹ܹǲǶв˵ֻҪǶӶˣôܿκζȫʳӲһصҲǱɱĵˡұշЩΪʲôΪ˼£Ҳ˵ЩޱȻǷǳŰģΨһĵطӦڣǲṥǴǬˡȻ֪µôģֻһֵͣܽķӦ
Ϊ׵ĺʮ˵
Ҳ˵ɵ÷׷׵ͷ
Ҳܱ֤ǾͻǵĹκηɣϾϾֻһȺҰް
ʼѯʵ˻ǳ˵ġ
ΪֻҰޣҲŸҴһƱġǶˣ˭ɵԺ͹ӷҰ޾ͲһˣֻҪΰĻʵ۱ѾЩܹȫˣôҰ˵ɱҲᶯֵġΪǵӣⲻôġ
Ϊ׵ĺָָԼԴ˵
ɰɣСү˵ˣֻҪܹȥ㹻Ĳϣ°뱲ӵٻ󣬾費óˣܹٳСүҪ׳ϵޣҲʲôļһǰʱǿֻȺıԵѣ⣬ǸϽܣֻҪܹܻسڣЩ޿϶ǲҹǵģ
һҧҧ
ûеĻǾͿʼжˣһ˵Ϯɱ޵ûʵ۱²ǱϾΪСүµģүļΪ¹͵ģʵ۱²طôεж涼ҪԶԶڷգ
ûУɰɣ
ͬʱȭ
⼸˱ҹɫѸٵĳǵפؿȥ
ʱǶѾԱ㣬ۼһſڵϼ¡
޻ԭڶӵ滷ʹѾϰ˲˯״̬ճϢֻҪͨǳ˯߾Ϳɡ
˻ԭվڶ˵Ǽֻ⣬Ҫڻԭ棬ͱʱʱ̱̿ľ裬֪ôġ
ڴǬǿĹһת£ڰʱѾṩ㹻ʳҵʳ
һӴҲʳȫһգ˻Ҫܱǳؽнɡ
ѹܴǱʱƶսƻǬԶ׼֮õһʱִС
ڶ޾ۼھ⣬ʲôԾԽֱӳԿˡ
սƻƶ֮ǰսʱʳôͲǴǬҪȥǵˡ
սĽǶ˵ЧɱΪҪһָꡣ
ԼΪʳǬԶʹǬľ˵ҲǲԽܵġ
κενʴȣһǣսͶĵЦ
ǼǾۼıԵʱλڱԵλõЩޱһʱ䷴Ӧ˹
һֻֻȻ̧Դ۾˼ˣҹɫ֮£Ե͵ͫü˿˲﷢ë


663 Ѭģ£
һЩ̼ǣЩһﲢǵĿ꣬Ҫݾߡ
Ϊ׵ڱΧֻ޶סֻͷһ嶼ΪĪĽŶ
ڿ˵ⷬʱҲΪŶɪɪ
ûκΰοãøĺǸӺһЩ
ͷǡǻֱĿĵذɣȺһﶢţ֪ǲҲǷ鰡
ǰͷ𡭡վˡһƬӦèľۼذɣһȻʵһ㣬ȴ쳣ı꣬ڲεޣֻҪ뵽ǵ֮УҲǻֱӶֵģҡͷƤЩ鰡
һϸϸ˵
ƺһ㣬пǰȺè̼Ӷһ㡣
ͷ̲ס˿ĭĬĬĵ˵ͷ󣬸æ˴ȺèפԱߴ˹ȥ
Ҫҵһսǿ󣬵ĳЩλȴ⹦õޡ
ʵ൱ͨİƷʦңȺӣͱȽͨսҲûжĵطǻ߱ǿǶûС
ܹ֮޻ԭ棬ȫΪޣӵԶֳ̬
һ̥ÿ̥ӣҳɻʼߡ
Դûй̶һд󲿷ֵʱ䣬ѰҲͬĴԣȻֳ
޻ԭУʳ޵ҪʳԴԲ㣬࣬ķһ׼ʳ״̬
ͬʱҲ޻ԭڣܻӭĴڡ
Ͼ̵ޣʳĹҲǻһѡģܹڲ˵ӣȻÿһֻϲķʽ
ΪʳԵʶԼˣôڲΣĻԭ֮УܾܿҪ˶ɥ
޵ĴڣͳΪ޻ԭ
˵Ҳżãǿֳʹ޵ĳЩλڴǬ൱ܻӭ
ĺ͹ӵܣϲɹ޵ֳڽд֮󣬳ǿĳ
˵Ч൱
ֻڻԭ൱Բ׽ûй̶Ļռ䣬޵Χ˵ǳΣյޣ޵ٶȡʵ̫ˣ
ȻɱսĽǶ˵ֻаƷʦҵˮ׼ǵٶȥ۵Ļ۷Ҳ׷
ǿķֳͿֲٶȣڻԭܹʼȺʼձ㹻Ӵߺͻ
޵󣬺޵Բ׽γһìܡ
ʹ޵ǸλڴǬܹۡ
˵ͻȻޱʵ۱շϢ֮󣬱һʱ俪ʼ˴޵⡣
ھһǰĲ֮̽ȷҲڱշ޵УָĻ˼ȻȻ
Ȳ˵ԼõҪܹõ㹻ô¶ڻ棬ȻҲȫԽ֮׬һʣ
ֻҪ㹻棬κ˶Դȥðա
ʱ˿̣ҹɫ֮µ⼸ˡ
ͷҵˣǹȻûлطǰϾҲ֪ǲǾṩ㹻ʳԵʣЩһڻԭʱҪٶ۶ˡ
ľĽӽĿ֮һЩ˷ܵ˵
ΪҪѰҵĿ꣬ûһ·ϵǰ㣬ǵĽӽһʱ۾ǡ
ЩƺȻڳ˯˯ú
֣
ͷǿѹͷļǿ򶨵ͬʱȳȺ޳˹ȥ
һϡͬС壬Ӿܳϰٸ
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ҶȻеĽȴһ˿ѪûմȾϣ


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679 е뺦
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ʶѹӪ֮ڣûˡ
ķ΢΢üͷŹͷԼǰĳţ˼һſڵ˼ǣҪԱ²
ĩԣʦˣôʱ䣬˶ٰ˭Ҳ˵Ҿ֮ߣĶԽ֮Զж˽⡣ϲ⡢ĸӣЩ飬ֻǰôһƬپ󡣡
ӹĸЩ
ķĪĻ֮ǰڱĿЩ顣
Ǭûôصĳ̶ȣڵطϵĿơƺҲ̸϶ôܡ
ȴӺ֯ܲڻҪǬԶú̸̸ˡ


680 ֯ܲ
Ψһһڽ֮ķûټھӪд̫õʱ䡣
Ȼһӱʮ߽׽죬Ʊػʹľ뵽ҵУǳҪȥ˼Ӧδ⡣
ټɢռڵɵĽҳΨһıȻҲķŵģʵһ̯ӡ
ԽԽֳŵļֵûӦķҲķóȥͳľ
ԶڳݴľĹУһڵġ
ڵʱ䣬ϱǵķӺ֯ܲڻΪֹ
Զռڣ᲻ҲƵ
ӾӪڳź֯ܲǰе·ϣҶȻ̲סʵ
Ҳһ֧ӵ񣬺Ӱ죬ΨһˣôҲɵľ⸱ӣһΨһ̬ȣӱܹʼձֿһ֮ϡףΪġ
ķҡҡͷЩص˵
⣬˻ȴʵࡣ
ҵܵϵͳʵӦúúõһˣܵڵãûʵ֪ĳЩ֪飬޷֪ĳЩ˲֪飬ܵ磬ûκδڵ塣
ҶȻƽ˵
ѵûҪ˵ôĻȻ֮ǰǳһУʹüͬҶȻӣҲ̲סҪЩʲôˡ
ĿǰӦûûôء٣ֻҪ漰Ե⣬ܵȻܹ𵽼ѵáΨһǣľϱԿóܵȫʴѾԶˡ
ԶϾոյĻʵۣڻȫȻһܺӦḶ̡́ṩɳ֮֮Ȼ⣬Ǳð졣Զɵ޳ٳǣȴûд޻ԭõκǰϢ϶ѾӦĶ
ķ˵ⷢĿΪһͳսǲǴˡ
ҶȻĬ˰κ󣬺Ȼʵ
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·һʱЩأܶ飬ʼմڣǲȥ˼·ܹ֮粻
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ѪͬѪ̵Ľе֪õĹУѪǾʲô飬һʱ䣬ԴǬʿЩҰײΪǴǣֶһˡ
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ķŤͷˣ֣صļǿǧҪʮֵСģ֯ܲЩغͷӡǷǳģεǿߣһС˵ûĿܣ𣿡
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ܲĻǰӦȻе֤ʽһţ֮˴ȥ֮ûܹ֤Ҫ򿪰ŵΨһƻĽơ
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682 εĴۣϣ
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ܺãôڣ˾˫֣ұڣϱҪˡ
ķ̧ͷͷϷĹУѾ˲һ׸߶ȵĶڣ˵
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683 εĴۣ£
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ԶκҪ־ԵΣǷǳѵ顣
Ա֤ĳһ˰ٷ֮ٵΣϾһȺӵĶڳʱı˴˽ӴͽУ˺֮׻ụ
㼸ܱ֤ͬʱԼʮȫаٷ֮ٵΣ
Ҫһ㡭ʵ̫ˣ
ķվⶴ֮Уġһ飡
ȻÿһķĽ֮󣬶һ׼Ŀʼʩչȫȥ֧ⶴڵѹʱ廹ǾĸоȻͽöȥĸоȫһġ
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ȻܼѣڳܵѹҲѰĴ󣬵ѪǱ˴֮䷴ڻ٩ţͣԽһЩ֮
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˫Ŀ΢һֲġԶǰܹӵм޵ԪȻͷų
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һյķһ㻮һӰ
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ķڵһ˲䣬ոձķ̧ĶҲ֪ķȫԷչֵٶȺȻ׹£
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ΧѪ΢΢һȻ׾ʲôȴҲûж룬תҪ뵽ֻ޵ΧС
ʱķȻ𣺡Ƕ֣ûء
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һѪ㶣ķѶܵؿԭڵĽ䡣
ȻǱ㿴ǱӦΪѶտҲĽٴγһ޴ʯ
󡭡ѵһĻһݣ


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Ǹ
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ô˵أҪ˵ĻҪһǰᣬֻǵνֻܹڸĸֻޣȻǡ
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䣬һѪҲպý׻ɱ
Ȼûһɱİ׻ͬŵһǹʧţһȫµİ׻ɣ
ڽĲʱԸȸСҲεڵͬ顣
³ֵĴʵϲûʲôֻ߱仯ѪٴζԸøӼһЩ
ϾѾйһζԿľ飬ӦòȡķʽܹЧսʤЩޣѪȻԼжϡ
ڶζֻ޵ɱѪǽֻǻ˺͵һɱʱ֮ҵʱ䣬㳹ɡ
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Ϊֻޣٴ³ĸ䵱С
鲻ԣһصѵ㣬ڶֻ޵ĻɱϣʼհշķʽȥԸֻ޵ĻпܾǵȫֻҲɻܹʼղϵĳ֡
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Ȼӵл߿δУҵһδֳԴ˶Իӵ߽д̼ʹͬػһĸϧǰ


686 г
ϸ룬Ѿȥôõʱ䣬ƺԼĲ²ͬҶȻгҲûʲôԵġ
Ѿӡĳ̶ȣܶ飬ķ˵ҶȻԼҲи˾ŲʮĸӦ
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һױ㶣Ҫѡ
֪˵ʲôҲ֪˭ıǸҪؾ״ȥǰΪǰھûڿɲһˣǹʦ˵ˣǬ˭ܱӵĺ̨ӲϽģͰ˵ȥ
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ĻǺܶͺˣԷᷴӦ˼ңϧ¶ѾԾһĿƣζţ鵽ĶܿѾǵĸҲçײ
ķȻ˵
ҲģĿǰ鵽ЩûпʲôرеϢĿǰҲֻǻɺйأΪ֮⣬Ҳʵ벻ʲôˡ
ǬԶҡҡͷϲǺȷ
ķһû˵ʱǬԶϲƹµѣʵϣǬԶһεʲôֵ顣
ع˵ɣҿ㾿鵽ʲôȻĴ㡣
ķ°ͣ˵


702 Ʋ
ڶմʽܿ˽
ķǬԶһ·˻ʹ֮е鷿ǰոմ߳㿴̴Զ
⼸̴ӵϣͨ빬еĴ
ȻķǬԶʦЩ̴ȻȽӵݸķ
̴ֻ߽֮ǷֱķҶȻȻ㽫ӹĵ͵ǬԶϡ
Ӵ򿪣򵥵ɨһۺǬԶǲмغһӵݸķ
ӹӣķҲһϵݡ
ݺܼ򵥣ԳжԶܲϣڳһᣬ뷣ٺ꣬뽵뼶ٺ꣬һĵԶͬķĴٶκξ
һȥ㲻ϰɣ
ķӣЦ˵
ٺ£ڹԱ˵ǸЦ
ٵˣ˭ǿٺ»ģеĻ³˼µʱ䣬ҪֱӶˡ
Ǭ߰ʱ䣬ÿÿ¶ԱΪָٺ»Щ߷ٺ»ʱ䣬ۼƼܳһٶꡭ
һ봦ֵķʽֻһźŰˡ
Ǹ뽵뼶Ĵҵļ˵ֻҪְλû¼𽵵ͣΣ
㻹ܰСһȥ
̫ʧˣԭϣܹҹܺþӣ֮˵Ҳҳϡȴû뵽Ƥӵ£ӾȻıزԴȴֵΪǷҳϲ⣬ھͰ
ǬԶһ߳鷿ȥһ߷߷߲ƽ˵
Ҳȫ⣬ܵϵͳҲŷǳĹϵҲΪʲô·ϣûżи˵̫ԭ򡣹һ㣬ʲôüĿ𣿡
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˵ܵȷʵѾʴǧٿˡʴĹ̷ǳһӦǴİٶǰ˶ߡͨεֶΣϵһЩϿûκιˣʮϰȥӴܵ硣
ǬԶϸһĨЦ˵һܹܵ磬ôҵĶ֧£ЩֳܹܵɫõȽϿٵΣȻ̻ǳǾĲϳʵѾ˿Ľ׶ˡ
ȷָ𣿡
ķӹǬԶһӣһ߿ʼһ߽ʵ
УӦòֻܵĸ߲֮УѾȷ˾ЩġЩ˵ͨ¡ڵܵάֵ൱ɫ£ǿԵõõһ鱨ԷвϣǵõҲܹڲκ˻ɵ£鱨
ǬԶ˵ͷ
ķǿһݣԽԽľ
һصûκδĻôǬǰԤĻҪصö࣡
ǬԶյһ֧ǳǿ󣬲ܵһɸѡҶھҲһ˽⣬аĽɫӵŶӰͬһȷжϡ
ķһʱЩޣȷʵû뵽ǬԶϾȻôһֻ
һܶͻӦ÷ǳ򵥡
ԭķǲǰǬԶЩ֮ǰ֮أɼȻǬԶӵнôֻҪ΢ṩһЩԼˣ


703 ۵Ĺؼ
ӻʹڳʱѾ磬̫һ쵱ߵĵϣ¶ȻС
ķûгǬԶרŰŵǺҶȻһյĲг˻ʹ
ϴǬԶĴӣķǬĵĻʹ֮УϿ˵ȥ磬κ谭
ǹЩǻ¹٣ںķʱ򣬳⣬Ҳκ
һ·ϣķҶȻȫڻʹɢһȻ
ǬҲֻķҶȻˣڻʹ˵к硭
ô
ոճ˻ʹţǰȥķ㿪ʵ
ھĳǽ֮ⱻסʼҶȻʼձųĬٿڷԼͿֻͬǸķԵӰӰ㣬һֱķǰ˵Ŀ⡣
֮ҶȻ鲻ãΪķҪҶȻȥ۲졣
۶Ϣı仯УҲܱ֤Լȥÿһ˵仯ȷжϣķҪܹȫ͹۵ĽǶȣȥĸȫһЩ
ǬԶЩ仯㲢ûκ̹ˡ
ҶȻƽ˵
Ҫ졢ɳͱ仯ǻʱ䣬׽ˣֱ仯Ӱ죬ϵı仯һַǳḶ́Ҵͼȥȫ˽һˣΪǲܣҲʵ
ķ⡣
֮䣿
ҶȻȻ˵
ķ΢΢һЦȻ֮䣬̫⣬ڷ˲ԵʣȻȻȫĸ壬ӵȫ˼ά뷨ĳѾͬһˡ
ʶȤ
ҶȻһ
ķʵЩĪҶȻףͻȻǴġ
֮ǬԶӦòûнеĻȫ˵꣬ҿǬԶѾʼĳΪһʱľͳǬԶ𽥵Щɵ뷨ΨҶĵ·ȥ
ҶȻûмķе©˵Եһ㣬ʱԼĳƺǬԶԲ˵עһ㣬ǰȻԳҵʱ࣬żҲ˳ԳΪޣƹµΪˡ죬ǰȴûκһ˳˵ޡƺΨһܹ뵽ĽͣǬԶעһ㡣
κ飬һΪ֮ʧȥʼִ⣿
ķӻ
ԣ֮䣬һЩеľ롣
Ҳʲôص飬ΪߣӦˣԶܹһֱڲſʼЩ仯Ѿˡ
ķ˵ͷ
ĵûʲôǬԶֱ仯ҸоҲֻһұıܣܵʧأǬԶܵ˲СӰ졣
ķ⣬ҶȻҲͲٶ˵
졭оΣ
ǬԶûиоĶֻǴǬԶṩЩصľҲЩأӦûЩǸԸ¶ھӵƿأԡ»Щ飬û뵽ǬԶĵȷʵǵǲһЩϢǺǵйϵġ
ҶȻü˼
㿴Զ鵽Щйϵܵи߲ЩҴ˴ηֵĸԭ򣿡
ķü
ҲΪǣЩҵˣôܵ;˵ҿ϶ӿؾӡϾӲܵȻ鱨ϢԴҪҪвġǬԶ׷鵽ܵеЩǵĸ߲㣬ӦóΪҷӦ˼ҵԭ򡣡
ҶȻǿ϶˵
Ǿ©ʲôأ
ҶȻĽķҲòϣҶȻ˵ĺеĻ⣿
ǬԶṩЩϢĿǰ鵽Ķʵûбܵ͸صˡ
ǬԶֻܲӵ㣬ʱʵ̫ԣܹ鵽ЩϢѾǷǳ˲ˡ
¶壬ΨһĿܱǶԸҪ˻½бƫƫǬԶṩϢûʲô˻ֵöԷȥҾãпǵ˼άä㡣
ҶȻ˵
ķü˼ţѾĲееС
ǬԶṩϵЩϢѸٵķԺз֡
һ¡ѵǡ
ϵĻķͻȻµķ֣оԼץסĳһҪĹؼʱһȴͻأ𣬰ԺеһһӴ˸֧顣
ϣôƯĹǰôûˣΧ


704 Ԭ
Ҳôϲйԭòǻ̫˵ĿӣͬϴȱΪǵİ׳գԵ£˿˼κκʵᡣ
ԼܺȻͱʮ׳ΧסķЩε˵
Ҳ֮ܵһЩӰ죬ԺһоϾҪץĳЩ֮ǰ©ص㣬ɻûֵͱͻأֱĴϣȻῪĵ
ҶȻķһۣûķıԹΧЩ׳İΧ§סķĸ첲ϸһ˿ŵı顣
㽿ҶȻǾգʱų˾˵ջ
ķ΢΢Щǰʵûз֣ҶȻȻ˵бݵ츳
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̲ס²һ䣬ȴֲֳֻܱΧˣһʱЩĲµСӡھڣȻ˵飬Ҳʵ̫޷Щɣ
Ȼ˼ɫСүҼôŮˣȴûмģǺеͷƣһȣҲ˲һһ¡ӹ֬׷۰
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ķĴڣ۾ʼȫҶȻϡ
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СүԬΣСӣŮСүҿˣʶľСүҲΪ㣬㰲ȫȫ뿪Ů˵СүҲỹ㡣һ˵㻰Ҳ۸ƽͷա
бķһۣǿ˵
ԬΣԬң
ķϺȻΪŹֵɫ
ǲԬ̵ļ𡭡ǰǴγɹս֮󣬴Ǭһʱܱ߹ͬʱս
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ΪڴǬսʼ֮󣬿˱Ƶ۹൱һԬұûκγɵֱ˳
ڱƵ۹ľӪͰӵеŴǬľӼѴ֮ı㹥˱Ƶ۹ȫ
ԬһֱڴǬΪƵ̬ȣԼǬ۾ǬԶԬ֮Ĺϵһûгκ˵֮⡣
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СӡȻԬҵˣ
˵ԬھȷʵһҲΪ˲ƻأ˿ʵԬһֱϵѪھѧʵϾӶѡ
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ԬҰһסھԬʵҲһֱ
ֻʽϵҪԬҵȻ㰲һ˹ԬԬ֮еλͣպ÷Ҫ
λھڹ൱⣬ҲԬҲٱѴǬԬ̵ĴڣԬҲܶôưԡ
һչرӷھԬΣȻҲͳҪȥοͲĶ
ǬԶǻ²
£λ⸱ӡҲӦðɣ
Ρðɡ
ѹͷĨŹֵķʼ磬ε˵û˸߹㣬òҪ׵ЩƯŮˣΪԽƯŮˣҲζǱԽǿǵŮԽɫͬǵԽԴ鷳
鷳
Ԭ΢΢һȻЦһ֮Цݲ΢ζĿķ˵ûëɣû֪Ԭζʲô𣿸㣬СӣڴǬСүҾ鷳˻ңûܴȻСү˵ֱЦ
˵꣬ԬƺټķֱҶȻȥ۾ǵɵϴ󣬼Ҫˮһ˵С˶Сү߰ɣСү֤úõ۰ģֻҪСүҸˣǴǬڵκζֻҪϲСүҾͶܸŪ
˵꣬ԬκȻǰһоһ̼ʹ
ķһֻסԬεĲӣ׵ؽԬƾ
Ȼûʲô仯һϢȴѾΣ
ү
ΧЩ׳ǸûпķĶǷӦʱԬѾķס˲ӣһʱ׷׽


705 ҪƯŮ
ھڵѧϰɹ⾩ԬҴģɲǻҡ
ķޱĿԬ˵
ʱԬѾڱķŲӶѣյ˫ŲϵţƺҪŬȥȵ棬Աһʹķʽ
ֻƴץķӵ֣εûа취ֺ
ڳ٣ֻƬ̵ĹԬαѾɫɷ
Χʮ׳ȻĿԬαķš
ǵǿʼķʱȴȻ֣ķںȻӿ˿ֲϢ
ϢӰ֮£ǸǴ粽ƣ
ֲϢѹƣЩʦεޣһʱ̲ס
屾ܵĿ־壡
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ǰ䲻ԼүٵˣȻ𣿣
ʲôЦ
ȥˣСҴļҹܽˣҪˣȥļҡ
ϢסΧЩ޺ķ˵һ䣬ȻֱԬ߳Щ׳İΧȦ
ҶȻಽĽķԣʼգķϢ£Щ޶û˿Ķ
һֱķҶȻʧߵУЩ޲㿴ңҿ㣬֮һģ
ԴӸԬԣԬΪ⻹ǵһ״
ļңôءһ¡ѵĴ֮׵ǸļңҲ˵ղŵǸˡǹʦˣ
ԭ˺һһڷӦ˹̲סе
ǾǹʦˣѡѹָҶүϽȥǿɵҪүİѹʦŭˣùʦһҲû˵ȥʱǲҹʦ˵鷳ùĿ϶ˣ
һǷӦľе
ɣ˵ʦ˺Ԭҹϵܺ𣿵Ԭүʦ˽̹ɣɮ濴棬ô˵ʦҲ̫ݰɣ
ߣλСүжôˣֲǲ֪ȷѹʦһŭֱ֮Ӷɱ𣿺ˣǱˣϽѾܴˡ
ʮ׳ǿһһ˵
Ҳеæ׷ٶȳԼڵλȥ
ʱķѾԬ߳УļլλòԶˡ
һ·ϣķʼһˣʵ˲ٵĿ⣬Ԭαס˺൱ʹ࣬һ·϶ڲͣţҲķһ·üѲס
ڳʾԼЯ֮ЩҲ㵱ûһȫķС
㣡㵽ʲôˣôңҡҪ壡ʮ㣡
һֱļҵլΧ֮ںķһѽԬӵ˵ϡ
ԬζʱſڵϣһҵĿԣòײŽĻָɫʱ̲ס
ļլոս˴ŵǰԺʹſڣΧļ˲࣬ҲȫԬ
ֻÿһļ˿Ԭεı飬ͬڿһ׳һ㡣
ǲףΪʲôӵУǲȱְ׳աȻ󲿷˻ǱķǳģֻżһĻ쵰˶á
ķεҡҡͷ
ʱԬҲʶ˲ԣʶº˱ܵӡ
㡭㵽ס˭
𣿡
ķûлش𣬶ָҶȻʵ
Ԭαܵ˵ͷ
ǲǴδȫŮˣ
ķٴʵ
ԬҲٴصͷ
Ҹղź˵ԶҪ׵ȥЩƯŮˣΪԽƯŮˣζԽǿԣȻҵŮƯŮˣҵȻǿˡ˵ֻ»ңǲԵģǻӦúļңΪļһλĹʦ
ķԬΣƽ˵
һ仰ո˵꣬Ԭα˵ű·һʧȥе㣬˶ʱ̱˵ϡ
ˣҹûҵ˭ҲųȻԬҲܽԼӵܣҾʹǹܹܣҶܲãǾֱɱˡĻ˶Ż˸ɾ
ķһ
ΧЩļʹǸæǰˣŵ̱ڵصԬΣһһҵЮֶ
ԬξԬˣȻСʼͱ߻ˣûκҪѧ־嶥Ǳͨǿһ㣬޶㲻ϡ
ͨǿҲȫΪҩĵѣԼûжĹϵ
Ԭҵˣô
ҶȻԬζ˻һıļҵʹӴߣɵĿʵ
Ǿ仰ǲܹ̺ܽãҾǹܡԶҲ⻼飬ǲ̵ġ
ķԥ˵


706 ĵʾ
үڻˣλڼã
˽ԬδȥķҶȻһլԺȥ
ǰѪѾµģլļǶķĻ⡣
ŶıܵĵԺȴķڿķҶȻһ˸˷ֱܵ˵ķĻͬʱʵ
ķǳŶͷЦ˵ʱûӦò̫ãЩҪҪȥ
ÿζ
Ŷ̲ס졣
ŶԣҲû취飬Ҹ𣿡
棬ҩģ֪үŸæܹģүæ°ɣæ֮һҪҡȻȥҩˡ
Ŷ˵ֳ꣬ҶȻһűıܳĵլԺ
ӣԺҲˡ
ŶȥӰҶȻȻ˵
ʲô˼
ķ΢΢һ
ŶһĶϣѵûо𣿡
ҶȻɫŹֵؿķһۡ
ɡŶСҵŮǰҶֲǲ֪ôһĶҵϡ
ķȻ˵
Ů˵˼㵱ȻˣһŮ˵һ񣬺ǷûжĹϵ
ҶȻķһۣȻķ֣լȥͬʱ˵ˣȥװɣŶ飬㵽ʱԼҲܵġ
ķգգ۾һʱЩңѾҶȻŽĵլӡ
ѪǲûκһڣҲ֪ȥڰӰһ·˵ӰڰĴ£ι
ףһˡ
ҶȻһ峤լӵ鷿ǰżϹܼҲɰվĵķҶȻ߽鷿Ĳû̧ͷϹܼһ΢Ц
ķȻЩ㱣һƺûκα仯ǼǰոػǸ磬ھ޴ϲǰȥԼ׵鷿Ѿжʮʱûٿĸ׺̬ԵϹܼʱһ㡣
ֻǸʱķϲã˷ܣȻЩδҲȻһЩĪľη͵ǡ
ʱ˿̣壬ǸӶˣѾ췭ظı仯ȻǰһĻʶɲǸӶˣļңȫµĵ·
ķЩпȴҲͬ˶㡣
ɣѪѪѾϸĸ˵һˣȷʵӿȻһǵļ巢ѣͻȻ޳ϣһǳһưͿЩ˲ûоʹ˰ʱĳźͻֻۣΪ˸ҵı
̧ͷķһֳۣҶȻȰЦЦָԼǰ˵
ʲô𣿡
ķĵǰʵ
࣬Ҳ٣ʱҴ󲿷ֵľ˶Լϣ֮󣬶еһϴҶ࣬ĿǰѾȫķʽƽҲʼδһʱһٵķչڡĿǰɻǷڼ֮ڣ飬עĲࡣ
ļ򵥵Ľһº󣬻һתȻ˵ΪһЩżȻҵ֪˵Ķֻǲ֪Щ飬ûа
ʲô飿
ķüܵıоԼҪ˵飬ǳҪ
Ȼķ׷ʣĺ˿ڲˮɤӺ󣬿˵ƺһֱҪ͸빬У͸ǶԻʵߵ˽͸ҪǡƺҪԻʵ۵Ѫ͸
ʲô˼
ķüͷ
Ŀǰ»ᣬӵȴѾ٣Ȼ׳꣬˶֪˸ȭֻҪûͻƵʥͽľ磬㲻ܻõʱ䡣ڳҰϣܹһЩóԷһԼҲ飬ⷽϣŬ
Ŀαϣ˿΢΢۾˵ĿǰûΪܹ֮ͻƳΪʥͽԼҲˣڱ»ŵʱ£һʵһε֮ص飡
֪ǡѾһ㣬ҲĸֻļҰŵģһУǵĿģͨһεӰͰпƣﵽպƽݱĽֻҪܹ»ɿܣȻġ
˵꣬ķֱ뵽˳˼С
·һǸ֣ٴĸԺ


707 ķǰ
ܲȥѪѪǽЩҪԸȥ
˼Ƭ̣ķ̧ͷͬϹܼ˵
ϹܼҴӦһҲʣֱ뿪鷿
Լ׵жϣķɣܶ飬ûץסؼʱоһͷˮҵҵһܹץסͷ
ǵõĳһ֮ͨȥƣ׾ٵĵóһЩǳȷжˡ
Ժ¹һǬԶ֮ǰṩЩϢķԽȷԼ׵жûκ⣬Ӧþʵˣ
ŷǲûԱķʽͻҶԿΪǲŷĸ棡
ڻ˵ǬǵĸŷͬˣһȶǿʢĹҲǻҵĸҲŷĸ
ԽȨײ㣬ԽҪȶΪͻҶûκκô
ƫƫķָӰ죬ǬĻǬԶĴ±ԽԽǿƣǿѾܹܵĵߣŷʼʧȥеİȫУ
˼䣬ŷȻԴУ࿹ֵòʧһʤϣãŷ뵽һ취
̲ѪȣҲҪ̫ķգƽɵķʽϸΨһǣİ취Ȼᴥе񾭣һ¶ŷ˵һ޴ѣ
Բлܹ飬ŷСȥػܺڽеķ棬ĽпûҲһеĶŷɨ
ʹôǬԪˣҲϧ
ô
ķĬĬ˼ţ۾Цſʵ
ʲôر鷳飬ֻ͵͵ȥһЩˣվֻСڵֻڣһĽһɨգǳ˿롢һһ㽫ڵ
ķ˵
ܿŵӣĺܲ
ĿķķӦ⡣
ֻҪӵ㹻Ȼͻ֮ӵ㹻ĵǰһΪգڣҵĿѾʼת򣬴Ǭ飬ʵ㲻ʲô
ķ˵ĺɡ
ĵͷ˵ûÿһ˶ҪԼĿ꣬ĿӦŵǰӵеλòϱ仯ô͸Һܿġ㲻ùܣĿǰһжѾ׵Ĳ죬ֻҪ𣬼ͻһֱʢҳ־õʢȥ
һѪϹܼҵĴ·׷鷿С
ķ㽫Լ뷨ҪѪȥ飬ͬѪѪϸĽһ
ոս꣬ϹܼұķԣүҪˡ
СɣȻͻȥ˰ҸղŷԸ£ˣǵðС˵ϵҶȻ˼ܵø۲ǣҰСӵƢˣԺָжŮӱ̣ء
ķڷԸ
ǣү
ѪѪӦһȻѪ뿪鷿
Ѫȫھֻȥ֮أ
ѪȥҶȻſʵ
ǰʲô𣿡
ûʲô⣬ڼȻôңѪȥԸЩ飬᲻ʲôΣգ
ҶȻԵЩġ
̫࣬ӵ꣬һѪֵȺɱǻභһֱռžԵϷ磬飬Сˡ
ķֹҶȻıǼ⣬˸ڵ㸸˵˵ɣȥŶȻһֱӳھͣˣ黹ҪһʱϵĻ壬ȴ֮ػٳ׵Ĵɾˡ
˵꣬ķͬ뿪ĵ鷿һʱ䣬鷿ֻʣĺҶȻˡ
Ȼˣȴ˿оȻҶȻ䣬ĵ飬ȴֳܻѵõůΪĲ常Ķˡ
ʵϣԸŮҲȷʵĻҪ˵
ķǸСܳɳӣҲͷˣ򡭡һ治֪ô㽻ΪޣȷʵǶ̫ƽ
ĺǸп˵
常ӦķĻԼⱲӣȷľ
ҶȻ˵
ʱķѾļլڵĵ֮УŶС죬һ޴ҩǰЩĲ֪Щʲô
ӣķŶû
ٲȥҩеĵҩƬ̣еҩľҪֱˡ
ķЦ˵
ŶʱһȻŤͷķʱָɣһЦݵı㳯ķ
ĽסŶǰˣֵĴȴЩ֡
ķЩĪ㾪㵵ķ֣ŶһϮ桭ʲôû


708 ҳʱ
١ү
ŶȻҲǸܵķϵһʱЩֱӿķϣҲǸһĨ糺졣
ֱʱķźȻʱȥŶѾ֮࣡
˵ǰŶֻһδȫСŮȻ㹻ĻഺϢ˵ջʵĻôڵŶѾһŮˣ
߳һЩҸóĵط˳Ľ
޳Σȴǰ͹һΣ۵ļָмѡ
ôŶڻϴּûиҵůķһʱҲЩƲסļ
˵ŶǺӴʱõŮһУţķĶʮʱͬȣҲȱŮˣκŮ˶ֻ¶ˮԵûһ߽ķ
ػҶȻռķ󲿷ֵ˼ŶЩ
һֱķӡУŶʼǸûгС
ɴʱ˿̣ŻǳĽķԼˣҴף
Լһ𳤴СŮѾǴˡ
١үôͻȻˣ
ŶʵķȴûκҪѵͷܵĳķ

ķŻعܵҪŶƿһָֻոǰֱһƬۡ
ͬˮƤһķ̼Լʲô

ŶʶһУ˴ĴķĻﵯ˳ȥͬʱ˫ֻǰС˵ģЩȥķ۾
ķԼҲΪΣԼԲǹģȻܽͣŶһɬӣķ̲ס˿ĭȻҪָеĳ嶯
ޣ
ĬĬԼһ䣬ķһЩεЦŶ⡭Ҳ̫ˣھһ㲼ѣ߹𣿡
ûҵǲģǼҲС¶ʵ̫ЩһĻܵġ
Ŷ΢΢ͷС͵

ķ˵ͷŶ޽ߵģȻЩ̣ȴҧҧڵŶҺȻһҪ뿪мҪҪϽȥԿ²ܼڼˡ
£һεŶʱһϵ֮ȥֱ̤ǰһ˫ץסҶȻĸ첲ί˵Ϊʲôô죿ôڼססˡ
ȷʵǺҪ飬ٿ䣬Իȥźá
ķЩҿŶ۾
ǶƯĴ۾Ѿķ˵ҪϾߺһĶˮ
үдҪŶ֪ģŶҲ֪Ժү֮ľԽԽԶүŶˣЩŶɡŶǻ᲻ãүŶǲǺûá
˵˵ţŶֱӴۿе˳ķһ̲סۡ
ԣ޹أҵ⡣
ķ§סŶΪϧ˵
үԺҪİɣʱ䡭Żжã
Ŷķ§ڻ̧ͷķǽӣĿʵ
޷һ׼ȷĴ𸴣ܿ죬Ҳһʱ䣬룬ӦòԶˡ
ķ§Ŷ˵
үȥԺŶܾҲ˰ɣ
Ŷʵ
Ҳһֻټʱ䡭ٰɣ
ķЩȷ˵ϾϵĴڣķԼҲΪûס
үŶŶ롭롭
ķĻشŶͷ촽΢΢Ͱ͵˵˰죬ȴû˵һĻ
ʲô
ķЩֵʵ
ŶҪġ㣡
ƺ¶˾ģŶȫ˵仰ʱ˱仯

ķ΢΢һûӦô£ŶȻ˫ָ磬ȻȥԼϵı
ͻأĳķǰʱԼĻУǱҲȥһ룬Ŷϰûκڵı¶ȴֹķĸ첲ϡ
١үŶûб뷨ҲҲƻȻ֮ĹϵŶŶ롭үΣŶ룡
˵Ŷٷ˫ҲǼᶨɫͬʱ˫ķһվȣֱӱƵ˵ϡ
ǰ˲ֻʣһƬѩ׵ļķ̲ס΢΢죬΢Щ١
û뵽ԼȻҲбƵһ죿


709 ֮
ķҶȻ뿪ʱǷǳ͵ģĺϹܼ⣬ļڵ˶֪˴ҴҶأûڼҶʱ䣬ִҴȥ
뿪ʱ߳˰Ӱ⣬ѪһûдķиҪ鰲ȥ
йأȴֻǽΪͷĵǸ²ھ֤
ûҲ㹻֮ǰֻܽѪȥ
ҲΨѪȥķķġ
֮ؾʲô˼
ҶȻķļϣʵ
ӰȻǳ䵱ųĽɫҲûκεıʶۿȥ쳣أֻڵĲȴǼΪĺʡ
ļ̶̳ȶԶͨɱȣȫﵽ˵ƷĲΣǱ湥ȫܹӲ
Ȼʦ²εĹȡ
֮Զһ˵ģȻڴ·;ңԶӴǬһ·ϣϸ֮أҲҪǰµʱ䡣
ʵĻ·һˣܻҲǸǳ鷳顣
һǳΣյĵط
ķ󣬸ҶȻһش
ǳΣյĵط
ûһϽȫ˳ͬҲȥϻǵģҪͨҪΪ̵͸ǳµĴۣ˻ԸȥҪԵһǾǳΪʥͽ
ķԼĲ˵һΪʥͽԽףͻᳬԪŨȵĳܼޣӶعӰ£ʹ㲻òͨϣ뵽֮Уͻᱻع˺顣Ҳ˵ȻϷǳι̣᲻ɴݣûκη϶ģɻʹ֮һЩϵͨ
£򽻽ĵطͻһȽ򣬶κӰ죬˵ӰͱȽϴˣΪͨԪϵŨȱ仯
ҶȻķĽ⣬ȴǺȻ̽ķ֮䡣
һûκεǰöķӦ
ʲô
Ӧûʲô¡
ҶȻץº󣬸ķǱܵķӦ˵
ķЩ亹ȷʵҶȻͻȻĶ˷ӦַӦΪû£СȫΪҶȻʼŨҪŻҶȻĶ£ûκλı˷
ڻ¡ȻŶˡĻǳҡ
ܵʱڣŶͻȻ֮ľٶķǳ⣬Ի֮ûܾ
ΪŶ̬ȶķǳǲҲıļ
ŶҪĲֻ࣬һϦԵ
һŮӣܹľģѾ㹻˵⣬ķΪԼһľˣŶ̬ȣܾܾ
ŶһޱȳҵļսΪŶ£ܹܵĳ۳ʵ޵Ļķûô׵ؾͷŹŶ
ˣķҲʵŶڵĹǺ
ڽ֮Ŷֱӱ̱˵ϣ֧վҲޡ
ķҩƵĵҩȫβֽŶᱧ𣬱Էȥ
Ȼһ·òļҵ˿飬ȻļܵҶȻǰȥ졣
ŶޱȽߵķԷΪµϲãԼķƺЩδӣЩ̬£Ǳ׾ӣСںۻ࣬ٴΪķһ
ֻǼʵ̫ɬԾķǳܣҲûٴ緢ŶⷬŪ£ٵĶɹǽֱڣָ״̬
ҶȻⷬҲ˿ٵıЧ
뵽ˣķЩ̲סҪȥͷ亹⶯վǱֹǱֳӣԻʱ㱻ҶȻ
˵ӡɲǿЦġ
ʵ֮ǰ뿪Һ͸׵лҳʱ򣬸׸Ŷ顣
ɿ֣ҶȻ¿ķĻ˵
˵ʲôˣ
ķֵʵ
Ŷʼߣ׵˼ͨѾߵģֻǸû뵽Ȼһֱֵ쳣ˣȴʼնŶΪǻҲûĶŶʲô˼ⷴøЩ֪δټŶڼ˵ԽԽҪѾΪ˼ĵһҩʦԺҩһϻԽԽԸϣܹ˵ңԼΪأŶΪ檡
ҶȻƽ˵꣬ķѾŴ͡
ϸ룬Ǿܾˡ
ҶȻ˵ȻŤͷķ
ķʱڱǸ뷨𾪵״̬Уûüı仯
ȻҶȻ⣬Ǽ˵֮ԾܾǲԸŶʲô̫ܵĽӴΪŶ롣


710 ҶȻ뷨
ķ΢΢üȻ֪ҶȻʲô˼ȴҲûпѯʡ
µŮ˶Ǻеģ嵭ҶȻҲ޷ס
ϣ˾ԲֳܱУֻһ˿һȤ򼴱û뷨ŮҲԻ½ˡ
οķԼЩͷ
վҪģʱȻᵢ̫ãŶǱޣҩ츳ˣҪΪʥͽϣã˵ʥͽһ翵Ĵ˵ȡŶΪ檣ŶǺãʱһз֮ûз֮ʵŶǻĺࣿ
ҶȻȻҲûиķȥ̬Ļᣬֱ˵
ҶȻ˵ķ΢΢üȻ뵽˳˼С
Һ͸˵ҵ뷨ŶȷʵܲףҲΪӦõõһЩֲֲܳΪԺĸǻŶĲ֣ҺϲŶҲ뿴֣õİ취ǣ㲻ҪΪ檣ǸһӣȲΪ̫˼ɼͬʱҲһȫµתĿķʽԺӷḻҲмһЩ
ҶȻؽԼ뷨˵˳
ֻ뷨ķӳԾȫûԤϵҶȻȻһ
ôˣ
ķ쳣𾪵ɫҶȻʵ
ûûʲôֻǡֻǾ޷⡭
ķͰ͵˵
ûʲô޷ģǴ֮ػͿʼɣҵʱǴģȻҪŶŶһΪ˺һ𣬶ѡ˵õ·һæµΪڣǴ쵥ദĻᣬҪģЩദĻᣬܵŶϺӡ
ҶȻûκβķܹĸоҲûκεı仯
Ҳ˵ҶȻģ
ʲôּ͵𣿣
ķһ͵ģʵǸо顭̫Щ
ˣĵȵ֮ػ˵ɣˡ
ҶȻķԴϵ£Ȼ˵֮صɣȷʵ֪򣬻һֵطȻɢŨԪӦʢǰɣ֣֮ôƺ̫ɭЩ
յ˵֮ȷʵӦ˶ǣʱԪԶطŨҲȷʵ˲ٵޣҪгפʱƣǽķ֣ûô򵥡֮ŨԪ޻ԭŨԪȫһ
ķͷǹܵɢ
ﲻһ
ҶȻӻʵ
޻ԭԪǷǳƽ͵ģȫ⼳ȡģԪ޻ԭԪܶȴϲٶѣ֮صԪЩԪ͸ǵϵʴ£÷ǳ񱩣Ǵﵽʥͽľ磬ҪԪǳѣûдﵽʥͽľ磬óȻȡôпܡᱻ񱩵ԪǣȻһͷҰޡ
ķ̾˿Щں֯鱨пġ
֮ض˵һأ
ΪЩԪֱӳǣӶҰ޵Ĵڣڱϰ֮صԪڸ뿪֮أͬ޻ԭޣ״̬£Զ뿪޻ԭһ
֮ЩҰŮ̬֮ҲȫҰ죬˴֮ͨ䵮ĺҲֿ񱩵Ԫ죬˹ԺѪ
ഫڣ֮ڼֱһټ׳ÿ񱩵ǿɲƽദȻҲụ๥̡
ʧ߱ʳҰ˵ǷǳȻ
ķ֮صҶȻһʱ뵽˳ĬС
֮˵Ҳ˵ֻͻƳΪʥͽ֮󣬲Ż֮أȻͨϣȥ򣿡
£ȷʵˡ
ĻΪʲôֵ˻װ֮ܵȥûͻƳΪʥͽĻǻΣգʱһʧȥǸô죿
ҶȻɻʵ
ݴӺ֯ܲõϢӦҪ֮һʵ顣֯ΪǼװеؼף֮ڽĻܹ°빦ΪȸװؼףƺԾ֮ŨԪеĿϢ
ķĽͣҶȻŵ˵ͷüͷȻû˿Ҫչ˼
ʧأ
ϣûʧܰɣϾ˵ٻмѭҰ޵ĻͲ֪ȥˡ֮ǿ񱩵ԪҲӰ쵽̽װõĸӦ֮ǰȥҲռ˺ܴһء
ķʼ磬˵
һ仰û˵
ǾǡλҪܹɵ飬Կνˡǲ޺ۼ


711 ķ
ݴ½ϴȱս
Ƭӵޱ޼ʵĴ½˵½ĺģ½¡
һ˵ȴصĵ
նĸλĴ򣬾ȫɹͳΣÿһȴȻرһľ롣
ӹĴΪҵģԶǱ
ܱҲǹγͳλڱ己࣬ÿһ弸Ϊڱڣûйĺƽ
ϰϰٸңЩӵͬһƬУ˴ΪסϰߡƾʷеĹҺޣزһԭÿʱÿ̶ڽŲҵս
ЩսܹģԶԶ޷ͬȣڲпĳ̶ȴй֮
֮սǻŸĲ̡
ڱޱȻңȴĴΪƽĵ
ΪƬ֮ϣһֻҡ
ҷֱһһҵʵռţҵֺ£ȴҲûа취κνԵľٶ
ƽ⿴ȴޱι̣񼸺Ѿǧʱ䡣
ǧΪ⣬ðǵõһĿƲ˼ʱ䡣
˵İĴΪҸģû֮һ
Ϊ̫ƽȮΪˣһܹṩͷܵİҸ
֮£㴦Ĵڵм׶Ρ
ûбۻҵĻңҲͬ綫Ƿ·ƽĵȶҲ಻٣սȴҲЭ
ͣͣǧ꣬йҲй˥䣬״̬·һֱôȥһ㡣
ʱƽȴͻȻˡ
ɱԼԵľ棬ߴңһ磬˴˺ᡢıٳʼҲ޷һܹѹҵ
֮Եģӵʮҵȴȳһܹɨµǿ
Ǭ
ԣɸһЩɾָӵľ£ǬȴȻѣ˶ûзӦٶȣѸײڶϯ
ȻֻǼѣʮȴѾǬһ룡
ʣµһ룬ҲѾʼڴǬǷ·޵еǰûΪԴǬǰƺʵᱻĳһ赲סǰĽŲ
߹Ϸʱ䣬Ѿֲֻľ޻㹻ŭ
ƣʼԼצſѪڣ¶һ̣򶼻ֻ޵ɪɪ
ΨһҪģǵֿ˼γڴǬܸõıͳν׼档
ϾʧܵĿܣΨһĲֻѡ
ʵϣҲȷʵһЩʵȽСĹңʼĿܺӦȥˡ
ʱ˿̣ķҶȻ˾µĳ;棬ĺ֮ؽҡ
λĹȣʵԭʮеƫ£Ҳеƫ£ӹļĹңڴǬɽһӰ£ѾʼҪܹȥͶͳˡ
־ɵĽȻҵĻҡ
ͳνײңһתóͣЩ֮ڵƦå˵ɱӭһӡ
ôҳԴӽҵĽΪֹżʱ䡭Ȼʮ·Ľٷ˺ǿˡѲҵˣֱת˰ɣ
ǰļʬ壬εؿ˵
⼸ʬ⣬ʮڿչֵʵѾһɢʱ粻֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
һŶʮҹģСٷ壬ûκһޣȫһЩĻǿ׳ͨɣ԰Ҳûʲô¸Ͼɱ
⼸ʬ壬ҲǰʩΪ£ನɨںܵùѡ
´ңˣ϶ҲʼۿŹҽܶȻҪʼνķֻǿЩʵİˣϣⳡսܹɡһͳչܹһЩ
һԵķ̾˿˵
ôõʱ䣬ķʱʱҲ͸͸һ·ΪٻסջԵʣķѾĳʱûкҶȻˡ
ڵĻԷйԵЩѪʢ
֣ϴŵĶҺļ
ӰʱȴǶһʬԱߣǾʬ·Ķ
һ壬ر󣬵ɫ󲻴ҲǷƷ
ķ˳ӰȥȴǺȻһ㶣űɫ΢䡣
Ϊ塭ƶģ


712 ɽկ
﷢ƶ壬Ƿǳֵ顣
ȻЩ죬ķ̫żЩ·ٷֳսֻһЩȽǿ׳ͨ˰ˡ
ƶӴǬ뵽ԭƾڽԸŵĿԬ̰ŵ֡
ķţĳЩ⣬ӦҲƶİȫ޹ء
ȻˣҪվѰ

ŤͷķȻͷ֣ʱķѾ˫ۡ
ԪҲͬʱķӿķΪģɢγһֱҵİԲ
ԪŨۿɼͬʱԲƯŵԪڲͣɢ
С󻯿
ֵķΧǲ̶̽ȣԶһ̶ȣ
ΪɢӵЩٷ˶ֻͨˣϵԪӦ΢Χɽ֮ЩľֵܹԪӦ𲻴
ķҪ׼ȷǣֻȥ
Ӱǵһμĳ棬ֱӵɴ۾޷Եİֵ
ǡô£
ۿԪ磬Ӱʵ
ĶžͨԪΧĹܹ֪ͨһΧڵ仯ȫҪͨ۾ȥ۲졣
ЦŽ͵
ɡԪȻܹŨĳ̶ȡΪʲôҸоûоȫӣ
Ӱֱ㶵˵
ȷʵûоȫǵɺͨǿ߲ͬȻ֪ΪʲôʶʼʵʵԶԶܹﵽļޡ
ʼ磬ϵıЩ˷ܡ
ȫĻɽֻǿԪŨȣܹγһӵ㹻ǽ
黰䣬ķ˫ۣŨԪ˲ɢڵ飬Ӱ￴Ȼߣ
˵꣬ķһ˳ȥ
ҶȻĶ˿Ӱεĸķ
̼䣬ԭرֻʣ˰Ӱˡ
ûϵ𣿡
Ӱ㶵ʵ
ȻˣǾû⡣϶ѾҵĿ꣬ԲҪǸȥ
鿴ĺܿķ˵󣬾Ѿڣ׼ڳСһˡ
Ӱ״ȻҲͲٶ룬԰ƥ֮ҲͰһ˳֮С
ֵķȴһ·ǰУȻΧɽȫ޹ɣױʧ򣬵ڡСĿ£ïܵɽֶķκӰ졣
ЩٷǷɢܵģķ֮ǰʹáСʱҪΪҵϢЩٷ˵ϻܹܵ
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Ҳ˵ֻˣʵһûгױ֮ͬʴĲȫ壡
ķǿȥΧ˶ʱʼɧһЩŨҵĹʶ겻ӿƺʱпܳǰ
ƫƫε궯Щķһ˰Χˣȴʼûκһֻĸǰ
ķߵֻǿ˵ǰʱΧ£İΧȦҲѾһޡ
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Ǹ޻ԭġԭĿ̼ҵļū
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ֻǴʱ˿̣ǰŻԭҪļȴٴα
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ָո˵꣬ͨ˫У֮ɫ˲ȡ˽еôһ˿侲һŭΧԭ궯ˣʱĺ
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ȻЩͻȻǰΧУ۰黹ӰȻʼմΪ״̬֮УۿǺȻӰһʱ˷Ӧ
ֱӱվһ˷ˣûжĿռ䣬ΨһӦ԰취սף
ҶȻǿʼж˲䣬һԾֱַȭͬʱȺУʣֻﵽʾˣ
Ȼֻƾջȭȭľ磬Ȼ·ڵһĺֻ˵ϣ
˵ļǻۣȻ޷ΪʲôĹʽȭ羡ûжֻɶ˺ɻϣվǷǳ۵ģֻʱŭһȻĴ֮Ծ𣬳ҶȻͳ˹
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Ӱȴʣǧֻޣ
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𣡡
ŭͻأ쳹սվķֵ̧סֻצĻ
ķǿȣӲĻҲǲɵøоһۣ
ֱʯ


719 ִ
𣡡
ĺ쳹սĽǧֻƺҲ˶ܵ˴̼ͷХ
ЩХһеԪܵ˲СӰ졣
ӰֱӱǵѹȣԭĶҲͻأĽ˽
ҶȻȴޱĲͣȭֻϵˣҶȻӦĺࡣ
ںֻͬʱܹʱʱĶԸ˽Ϯ
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Զ۷εǿö࣡
ԺͶƷҵͨˣ
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ԪͿķûʹɱֻ֣ͨԪĶ磬ﵽһƵĿģ
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֮ͨڵŨԪǲеģ˵óһĽѲΪԼֵס֮صĿԪ𣿡
ķüͷ
ֻ˵֪ηɡÿЦҵʱȷʵġΪԼ־㹻ǿԱҲ
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ָָΧЩˣȻ΢һЩҺãʱҾȻҲ֮أ


720 ͬĿ
ϣҰѣϣɱ㣬ΧЩһ㡭׵ıҰޣ
ķüʵ
ǣ֮ǰżָǵʱҲûɱָǣҲѿסܵͷֳɱ뷨ȻһֱҵԺУȴʼ޷ʵ֡ҪһУΨһİ취ñɱҡǿԶȵһҼʱǿö࣬
Ǽ˵꣬Ȼһؿķ
óʱ˲˹ľѾĥ
ڼһоҸ飡
м㣬֪֮صˣǱ˴˵һڵģû˵κ˻оȺΪǽ䣬ǻ֮Ҳǳľ裬ڽĹУĶ͵Ϯɱ̳ԣôġ֮ˣǱ˴֮䲻ûκεĳͻܹΪ
ķûֱӴӦǻ˸ʵ
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷһɻļ˵һʼڻجج״̬ʱżĺ;Ͻ˷ϵϵŻָǵʱԽԽ̣ܹϵҲԽԽǿң˴ŰǰʱұܹͨϵһЩȽˡ
ѵĳֱ𣿡
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ѹֻûͬǰʵǿĿһĵֿ
֮ȷʵҲһʥأһμʱʵ΢ڣȴѾ˲߰Ʒʵľ磬ٶȣʵɹۡ
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ڱ֮ǿ񱩵Ԫʴ̫Ȼ廹ûбͬԻѾҪȫռˡ
ķΨһܹģֻȥʴҪֿ񱩵ԪĴżȴûжĿܣ
ԲΪϸҲΪصĲλκЩ΢Ĳпܰһ˲ɰ׳գԴķҲΪġ
ȷʵܿšһµʱ֮ͨеҼܹһС硭ôţҲһֱ޷԰Σڵ󣬷ԣҪ뿪ʱȴѾˡ
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֮ԾôˣԭĿĲǰԶĵط֮غ򽻽ıԵһǳǿļһǸһѾ֮һʱˣȴʼû֮صԪӰ޻Ҽǰһ֣֪ϴһǳصףƺܹ̳Ե֮صԪ롭ܹ֮֮ػ״̬϶ΪǼ׵ԵʣЩˣΪǰȥǼ׵ġ
ȭͷ˿˵ܹõǼףһлָĿܡȻĿԺ֮ܵͣǰĲ֪취⣬ʲôķֹԼı仯ڽλΧֻһɺϣھҵǰܹƵ֮һ·ǰеĹУǻһЩȥԼսĺۼĺۼҺܺ桭ʵϣһɺϡ
ǰķһʱЩ
ΪǴ֮ϽˡԼҪҵ
ҪҵǸʲôλáȷ𣿡
ķüʵ
ԣԲԪʴһֱ֮ԪΪŨĵطֵطܺȷϡ
˵ͷ
ΧЩ˶ɢȥɣȥǸˣ֮Ի֮أΪҲǼסףܹеĿԪôһͨȫָȻס
ķ˵
ɫһϲЩɵ˵ǴһɣҺǸ˽֣ǿаնԸ𣿡
㲻õģԷ˵ôǿôЩ˾һȥҲûãᰭְţá
ķЦ˵
ԥص˵ͷͷһХ
Χǽǧ˱¶һ˿ɻı󣬷׷׵ͷ˷Ѹȥ
һʱֻʣʮΪŵսµʬ塭


721 Ľ
ķʼձŽԪ뵽Ĵ֮УʹжϺĽӴԸ·ٶȱ˶
ʹˣϵ˵ĿĵʱҲֻСĹѡ
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ǳ׵һѹȴһֻۣ۵һ̶֮һγɵĳҪԶԶĳԭĳ̶ȡ
⴩ȸ׵ˡʱѾȫûκζǵˣΨһĲͬڣûκεı仯ҪͬĲʻЧҪһʱ
ҲΪʲôķڸܵ⴩ȸ׵ѾӵεϢ֮Ȼûжٵǵԭ
ֻʧȥȫǣ廹ûпʼ޻£ƴǿȵĻȻķռƣ


722 ׺ݵⲫ
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һϣǰӰҲԿҶȻȻĸ
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ķǴæӭϣ׵ȴʮǰУѾٶ˼£»ܹάһ־ƣȻķھϣҪռϷģ
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ٶȡײײľԪҵĻƶҪֱӱײˡ
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ҶȻһԲվԭأԴ˵ûκķӦֻ΢ӴһЩԪ롣
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ͬʱŰԪҲǿʼήҵļ󣬵ķϣķӵʱ֮ϵĿԪʧһɶ


723 һҸ
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ķ΢΢һһȻӣһʱ뵽˳ĬС
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Ƭ֮ķЩſ˵
ȻҲ֪ȸװʲôˣֻۿǾôװȥҲʵЩĲ̡
κΰ취ˣڸ޷뿪֮أһ֪ģҵѾϰ֮صֿ񱩵Ԫһ뿪֮صķΧΧĲӦʹڵԪ̼űҵ塣֮ţֻұʴԽҵκοʴĶ
Цҡҡͷ˵ԣɱҰɣҺԼڵ״ǲͣͨԪڵʴƣʵʴȻڻĽչţֻҪ޷ôʴͻһֱڣֻٶȿˡѾҪȫʴ״̬֧Ŷõʱ䣬ҲһͷβҰޣɱҡҡԸ

ķ³һһԵİӰ
ķҿƲסԵˣȫʧȥ֮֮бʴĳ̶ȺȻ࣬ѾҵǰܹƵķΧ
ûķãҶȻȻ˵
һ˵ľжôǿⲢûһĽۣʣϵľһ𵽼Ϊؼã
ǿҵôʴ޷ȫƣʴĽҶȻŬҲỺࡣ
ɴʱ˿̣׵ķ˼ȥͷǹԭΪ־Ҳ̼ʧƾҶȻԼѾ޷֮ǰѹơ
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һҵĳͫ׳׻ɢϵϢͬʱѸˡ
ҲһҸ


724 ߵ쳣ж
ԭ˸ӣʬ˽ȥ󣬰ѿãķڿӵΧһȽϼ򵥵󷨡
󷨲ûʲôĹЧΨһǽϢȫεЩˣҲð
Щķ̤˻س̵·
õؼ׵Ĺ̻˳ֻ˳ûķ̫ġ
ֻ֮һȻķܵһЩӰ죬ء
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û㹻ĸ£ķʾͬ飬ȴ̫ϡ
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ƫƫ˾ʥûȥ
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ҶȻٲһЩķʵ뷨ֻǶķɻͬ޷κνΨһģҲֻķԶѡ
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֮ǰ֮ʱḶ́뿪֮ص·ϵ൱ƽ˶ûֻЩйԵֲֱƹͺá
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ķһ˵ţһ߰ԪǷݼ鱨ֽţֱ˷顣
˵ʲô
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ķ۾˵һʼܵȷߵĿ굽ʲôҲȷʲô飬ͨԴ鱨ıȶԺͷټϴǰеķԼһ·ֳģκ鶼Ȥģʹܵȷ˴֮Ի쳣ӦǳŻȥġ
жã߻ͻ
ҶȻüʵ
ܵķԴڵٶȺͻȺƶٶȽжԱȣĻֻҪʮ죡


725 ߵĿ
ܵͻϢķһʧȥ˼ϢȤ
ʱʵЩϣߺͻŵȺʮпǴʱڵλãŻܵƶȥҪڴ֮ǰͲٳ
ֻȫǿʼձٶǰУпʱ֮ڸϵ
̶ԪĽֲ޷ܵĵز
Ҫļȥֻҩ֧š
κζʱ䶼˷ѣȷϢķһ˱Ϣӿջ󣬽ͬƥһԵ͸˿ջϰ塣
ǿջϰϲǧлУķһͬʱǿԪٵĳŻڵķȥ
Ȼ۷ʲεϢʵջȫһ
ǿջϰ壬վڿջſڣؿ̼ѾԼ˼Сķһˣһʱȫ޷Լĵָо
˻ĽҰĵطȻز©ǿߡȻ˰
ķ˵ȻȥǿջϰͿջ˵ĸоӿջ뿪֮˱ȫǲϧԪĵٶǰš
ڰӰھϵĲ࣬˺ķԼҶȻȣٶһƣΪ˱֤˲ӣķҪֳһֵľԪṩһֵİ
֮Ի˵żȻǳڶԻȫĿǡ
Ȼͳ޴ʹûܹƵǿĳ
ķΧ֮УһѾԺɨһС
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һͲòԴߣԻֻεˮ׼ųĴ߻ĽͲÿǡ
ķڴ׷ϻ֮ǰȥڵĵط⻨˴ߵĶ֡
ֻķЩɻǣΪʲôͻȻתĿܹ꣬ȷĸӦڵλá
п϶ʲôĪϵ

һĻôʵԵΪЩ
ڹĵιڴϣܹһԵ˰̣
һСϿȣϿϷ걻֣վϿѿڵıԵ¿ȥҲܿȵ׾Щʲô
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ǿڽ뵽Ͽ֮к󣬶ûлŻܹŻǿߣҲϿؿƿԸ˵
ʱƣϿȵĴ˵ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ𽥵ģϿȱ㱻˳֮Ϊɭ޹⡱˼Ǽûκֻ̣йֲĵط
ͬʱ⡰ɭ޹⡱Ҳ͡ɽǡԼѪȴ֡һ𣬲ΪĴء
ײβġǡɭ޹⡱ɽԼѪȴ֡ɸӵĽӵһЩض֮УκҪһýصķɣ֪Ӧȥʲôطʶ
ҪĻɭ޹⡱ȴԻͼӲġǡ¡
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ڡɭ޹⡱һΧԭӦɭϢͶֲĹȵףȻһƬǽ塣
жĵֲﶼѾɢģſ֮еȳζƺࡣ
ʮ׵ľ룬ǽ֮صİյУ˫ϵŶе²ĳ̶ȡ
ݺݵضţͬʱڴڴڵشŴȻոսһҵĶս
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ڡɭ޹⡱ȫϿȵĹȱԼ鲼Ķֲɢ΢⡣
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ˣ˾ʥҲܹһЩжϣ֮ⳡսѾʮյʱ䡭
˶֮еĶǿߣŵҲ۰һսȻ˶Щ˼ޡ
رǱ˴ʵֶԶԷźɱģսĹУκζ΢Сʧ󣬶пܸԼΪΣյĽԲԪģ˵ľʱҲ˼ҪıԵ
Ҫƴ𡭡
Ϣ˺һ˾ʥƺԻһЩɳɤ˵


726 ˾ʥͬĵ
ٺ٣˾ʥ֮ʵСأǴ˼ҵĻҿͰ˰ɣ֧ôõʱ䡣ƴҶҲֻɵʤˣʤȴԴﵽ˳ɡڡ֮ʤʡѾﵽ˰ɣ
ٺЦţϵƿأҲҡҡ׹ķ·ʱпܴӰеһ㣬ȴԾޱȵʢ
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ֻǲΪս̫ˣҺޱȫԸΪֵܼô𣿡
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˾ʥ΢΢һϣ˵ȴҲĲ֪η
ȫʤ״̬£뵽ɭ޹⡱֮УҲûаٷ֮ٵİܹųֻΪƵϣҲǰĵõһͰ׻װйصĻ˾ʥԲԸܵɭ޹⡱
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£㴦ڵǰġɭ޹⡱Χ˵ǼΪΣյ飬ǼóȻĽ뵽ɭ޹⡱Ǿɱľٶ
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ȷʵˣ֪ܳɳĵزӦòϧһд۵ɱǡ
Ĭ˰Σ˾ʥɤ˵
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һ˵
ȷʵ޷⣬㵽ڣҲ޷⣬ֻ߲ŻᱻԼңǿߣһǿԿסõģҼԼĿд㼴ǿѾԺһսĳ̶ȣҲɲΪǶԵġܹڶʱǿǿȻȱģսͣĳһ׶ϣԶ޷ٴҽʼմǵǰֱٴΰ룡
˾ʥȻɳƣȴǸ߰ࡣ
ֻȴ·Ϊ˵Լƫƫӣ˾ʥûве⡣
΢΢һЦٺ˾ʥ磬ִ̧óһҩºЩ˿ʱֹѪ
ֻϵϢΪ˾ʥľ磬ҪָģֻܹԼĵҩʲôˡ
ȻôȷţͼԼĵ·ˣҲҵĵ·öãʱ֤ˣ˭˭
һ˵ţѾʼԼĸ߶ȣŹȶȥ
˾ʥ߶ȣûκľٶںס
չֳս֮ǿ󣬳ԤڣҲĺ𳬳ԤƵı׼
һʼȫԸƵʧûκαĶ𹥻ôսӦûڶ̶̵ļ֮ڱֳܹʤҲٵö࣬սǿ롰ɭ޹⡱Ҳǲԡ
һʼʹսĹճֳ˽ֵ״̬׹ǿ󳬳ԤںҪȴѾˡ
ڣ״ȻҪһЩҲԺõޡ
ͣڡɭ޹⡱Ѿûκˡ
ڵ״ֻ̬ͣڡɭ޹⡱ΧΧЩ޷ܡ
ȻǾôͬǰȥҪٻָѵ״̬عҲҪµĵʱ䡭
˾ʥܾᣬȻǲġ
ֱߣѾʧŨ˾ʥε̾Ϣһ
Ǿĳšɭ޹⡱һۣҧҧͬһ̧ͷϿȥ


727 ϵ
ڸϵڵĵط㻨ķҵʱ䡣
ʱķһ˷ɽԽ룬ʼٶȷɳۣڼ䵫ԪõԷʳҩķʽв䡣
ȻԪϲû̫󣬵ȴʵѾǳƣ
Ĳ߲ݣκһ޴ս
˵˵пʼһƬѹѹȺ󣬼ķҲ̲סĳ˿
Ǹϵˣ
Ӵ߻ûЩ޺
ҶȻŵȻȻĿķϣ˵
ӦǸովһս
ķ˵ͷĿȥܹؿڽʳ
ڳԵľʲôЩ֫ϱϾܹжϵĳҲֻиովһս£ܹЩ޻ȡ˳ʳ
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ΪԼܹǳȻĽ޳飬ҺΥ͵ͬ޽൱ʳﲢûʲô⡣
ܹʹԵĻķԼһ̸һ̸νʳ뷨
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硭ƺԽԽĮˣٶͨ࣬ѾûʲôͬʶˡҲ֪ʵĲʹԼܵΪһˣǱԭ򣬵Ϊʲôı仯޷ҿĵ
ķԼղŵĸо򵥵һ顣
ҶȻ΢΢üӰǻһֻۣ˵ãȻɫ
ӵеԽǿľȻҲ֮仯Ҳʲôġ
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ķ໨СԴЦǺǵؿ˵
ͷһģ
Եһ󣬻һɻģĿķͬʱСԴ˲ķؿڡ
Ϊ˴߶ģ鱨Ѿ뿪Լأٵĳڵķƶšһɣʱǲʲô仯˴ߵע⣬ôܹλãһô߶һЩĪȤ
ķڽ͵
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᲻ڻԵʣ㷢ûУǷֿ֮ǰȣѾøǿˡпΪı仯˴ߵע⡣
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ķü˿еĻŷֻѾﵽ൱Ʒҵľ磡
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ΪʲôԼȻûеһʱ䷢֣ѵѾܹСϢɼ
ķ΢΢Щ񣬺ȴǳûֱӴĻ˳ȻĵҶȻĻУԼͷҶȻ϶ֺõı顣
ķ˵ߡǲ˻ǵõʼһֱԵ÷ǳһ㣬ڸֱܹӺ޻ԭȫޣáǴ߼ȻǳҲѾ˲ѷɫǻֲۣεȻҲԼĿ׷ġͻƳﵽʥ已̥ߵǰϣɵĿꡣ
ҶȻŻڻһں󣬳˵
ķб˹ҶȻĲ²⣬̲סü˼ǣΪܹԵͻƳĽޣ
пܡ
ȻˡǿɾҪˡ
ǺǴԭǲǼͷװȻǴޱȵҪҪûأȻֻɱһ·ߡ
ðɣŻЩʱ䣬ҺúõϢһ£״̬ȴֻߵĵɡսʼ֮ǰҪ֤ԼܹȫԸ
ķȭ˵


728 ˣ
ҹĻǹ졣
ķһ˰ϥڵϣ˫ĿգԪǳƽȣĻڲ
ͣļٸ·ľһһĻָ
žҹ廹Ǿ񣬶𽥵ͬطںϡ
ϥŵĵط˷ȴǱΧ
һۿȥΧ޼ޱ޼ʣֻڰ־ȵģʱ󲿷ֵ޶ſڵϣں˯С
еһЩûн뵽ߵޣҲ޾ɵػζԼβͣʱʱǷ
Դӱ˳֮ȺޱһֱźϢʱ䣬ÿ﹥ǰկӶʳϣͳһϢ
˸𾯽⣬ȫҹʱߡ
ͺܶ޵ϰԶž޴ĳͻڻǿѹ֮£Щ޵ҲܹһֱάĽࡣ
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ԪĽͣʹǵĻָܵ޴Ӱͳͣڻԭ֮ɵϰԣôЩ޸޷άֳʱж״̬
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ķԪɢ˽ȫеĳ̶֮ΧҲͬʱȫ˹
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Ҳգ۵Ĺ򣬴ǸԵλõǱȻ伯ɧ
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ҿЩڳʱһж󣬶ҲһЩʶܳǳңǻ֮ȴûκιľٶ
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734 
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;ƿһ㣬ʼҲκλԪļķΪͷۡ
ΪԼҲǵһֵҩùȴûκεЧķҲ֪ôָ
Ȼܹȷ˵ԭ򣬿϶֧ؼʩչḶ́ĵĹ͸֧͸֧ĳ̶ȣڶûлָ㣬ʵ޷ˡ
˵˱ԴĻпܳһ·ϣķ˵嶼һ飬õĽȴǣÿһ˵嶼ǳ
͸֧⣬ûκα⡣
ڶʼ޷ָսķǰҲûκͷȻҲûκνİ취
־Ļ£ķҶȻ˻ʹȻֱ̧鷿ǰ
ʼգ̶ǹģԴӽ˻ʹʼķҶȻ˾ͱĹ˿˽ϢѸָͨݳ˹ţݵж˼ΪעҼС
ڴǬĸǻǣķ飬ûκС£ԶķٵȷһǸҹע֮ء
鷿ǰ˽ķҶȻûͨв鷿С
ǬҲֻķȨԲκͨڸطǻʹڣҲ⡣
鷿󣬾ͿǬԶǰͷСɽһѵĸۡ
ѾڸѧʿɸѡıǬԶȥĵۣ󲿷ֵڸд۶Ѿڸ֮УۼǸ֡
ԭڰٶǰʱأΪ˼ʵ۱ĸҲΪƺڸȨŹɴɵڸ⣬ڻʹ֮ڣרɸ˾̫ɵ˾ࡣ
רʵִ죬ǻۣ뾭˾֮֡
Ϊܹ˾ʵ۷ǣ˾ڵ̫඼ľд
һڻʹ֮鷿רŶԴС빬еС̫н̵и̵鷿ʦҲѡĵ壬ʵӢ
鷿Уѧҵɼ̫࣬ᱻѡ͢˾ֵУͬʱ˾
پʮҵĳɳȵЩ̫ѧʶҲ֮󣬲ܹ뵽˾൱УΪ˾һԱ
˵ձѡ뵽˾̫࣬ѶȾԲȹ⿼ѧ׶٣ĳҪѡ
ΪҪΪ˾̫࣬ͷܴﵽ׼ģ߱㹻ʵڴ󲿷ֵĶһڵ顣
Դ˾ݴ֮ŹǴɵڸܵѹơ
ʵۼϵĳصҲȷʵֵࡣ
󾭹ʮʱķչ̫ǵȨأͬʱ̫屾ĲȱڶԻư֮￴֮أʹò֪䣬⳯ڳĸʴԽԽ
̫Ǽٹ˽֣Ϊ˽б˽ҵҲҡ
ص⹴ɱλʵ۵ĳ̶ȣ
ľ淢չȻҵԤ֮⣬ǷһǬص̰漰Ա֮࣬Աλ֮ߣﵽһĿĳ̶ȡ
дԣ̰ıϸУŭ飬˶Դǧƣ
˾Ҳֱ֮ӱȡҴԺ󣬹ڵ鷿Ҳʼٹ̫Ҳκ̫ѧϰ
̫ʶ֣Ϊ档
ȻһʵҪеķع±ָֻԭ״̬漰˻ȨκλʵΪе⡣
˶ۣܵλʵ˵ҲǿԽܵˡ
ֻǬԶһȻб仯
ǬĴñ򣬶ҽչļΪ˳ۿò˶ãΰĿܹʵ֣һҪʵԴҲͼһµ󣬱ѾǬԶԼǷ⣬ǳһܴ޵ˡ
϶ѵЩۣһ춼Ҫ鷿˰ɣ
鷿ڣŸûвԼҶȻ߽ǬԶķЦſ˵
ǰǬԶȻ̧ͷķ΢΢һϲ֮Աʵʦߵˣ
ѾɱˣڵһвҲûˡ
ķͷ˵
̫ˣȥɣҪʦ˵Щ
ǬԶĴȻŤͷͬŵ̴˵
̴ӸæӦһȻͷٵĳ鷿


735 ǬԶ뷨
ԽԽæˣȻҲæһܻЩеӡʱգȴôææÿֻ˯СʱѻҲԽԽࡣ
鷿ֻʣˣǬԶֱų׵ɿ˺Ŀڿϣ˸Ƿ֮һƣ˵
ȵȫƽ֮Ҫ϶ࡣڴ󲿷ֻֻǾսս˳Ҳû̫Ҫķ֡ȵ˶Ҫ͹ϵǸʱŻܵʲôͷö
ķԼӣҶȻȥЦ˵
ѵԺٻָ͢˾ĳΥԴТ۵Ļؽ˾鷿ЩҷֵЩæ񡣡
ǬԶЦ˵˵ͬʱ˿ϣŵĻжӵ
ָƣûиʮĻۣҲҪ͢˾࣬Ӧ̫һ׶٣ֻʶһҪͷǶʱܹɵģԣЩİ취ɡ
ķҡҡͷ˵
ǬԶ֮ԺԹЩָܳʲô⣬Ϊƽʱܺ˭ȥ˵ĿƣǺЩ׽һҲʼձֵϣǬԶеҪһ塣
ķǰȻõĻᡣ
ƽʱ鷿۵ʱǬԶ뽫ԼǿӲһչֳֳܱƣ
Ϊ׽̴ӣǬԶҲҰٷ֮ٵȥš
Ϊһ֮ǬԶȴֱһ˻еĸΪǻʵۣϵס
ȱ
ҲףԾҪ齨һܹҷֵЩĲţҲôһȥǣˣ˵ֻһʱЩпʦôߵģԭҪžȫǿǰȥģһ룬²Ϥ޷ĸṩ㹻İʱѪǰڿȷģ
ǬԶ˰֣ƺȥصĻ⣬ת˹ڴߵ
ȷʵȷģѪǸϵķǳʱʵϣȥһ㶼޷ٿˡԶиǿĶܹ࣬սʤʵһ൱˼顣
ķʼ磬кЩµζ
ԲãڸոյõڴߵϢʱһЩԥǲʱסؾ׼ȫȥǶԸߵ顣ĻֵܻĺʼҲûȥ
ǬԶ˿Լؿڡ
ΪϢӶû߸Ե͵ҰƸ׳ɡ
ķЦ
ǬԶЩεص˵ͷٴתƻʦʵڳһµĲҷֵ飬Ѿһ뷨ֻʱ뷨ûпԣʦø⡣
ղŲǲ𣿡
ķȤ
ȿȣҲǲģֻ뷨̫أͽ
ǬԶɿһ˵
Ŷ뷨ܲ˵˵Ͼһ֮ܶ鶼ǬٶϡֻҪľпʲôӰ㹻ˣʰŲ£ȻдȥɡֻҪķǶԵģӦ÷Ĵ󵨵ȥȥ֣ҲûУһϸĿ֮
ķԼԵòôǬԶе뷨
ǬԶΪ̹Ȼ̺ܽЩ˵ʦڵҽһƷοĿǰλһƷȻƷ֮ϵңÿһЩɳӦĴһᣬĿǰڸһ𣬱˴ƺ⣬񡣶Ʒ֮µңڹ̶ݽʸ󣬼ΪңҲԵõǲʸֻʸƷ֮ϼӵвͬʱơ
һ˵ţǬԶһ͵ۿķķıЩ󣬲ɵõҲࡣ
ʩУһû̫ϸ£Ŀǰֻôһ뷨ҪɵЧǽڵңᵱУƷ㶨ÿһݱҪһΣһҵƿȾͻǿҵ۽Ҳᱻ޶۴СңֻҪʼնŸӣͲжٱͷ
ǬԶһԼ뷨ȫ˵˳
ܲӺܺãԶȷʵԽԽһʵˡ
ǬԶ˵Ļķĵͷ޵
ǬԶ취棬ȻûʩУķȴȷЧһܺã
Ϊ취ץסԵ㣡
ķǬԶԭһܹĵĵϸĵ


736 ȫɱ
ķĿǬԶЩĻŭһ㣬ϵϲ֮龡ԡ
˷ܵļ˵ʦΪûĻҾ͸ˡ֮Ҹо飬ҪǵŷǿôĿģӶԸⰴҵ뷨ȥʩУʱõҲᱻǾ͵òʧˡ
κ뷨ʵʩĹжȻָָ⣬ȥĻԶҲ֪⾿ʲôҲŻ˵ֻҪȷ˷ȷģǾͷĴ󵨵ȥҪʧܣҲҪѣЩ֮취ȥҲˡ
ķ
ټĸ󳼣˵һ˵ҵ뷨Ȼƶһʵʩϸ
ǬԶص˵ͷ
ΪƽʼҪŵǣκˣҪ߸ϣұֵĶκ鶼ȫһ㣬Ȼޱġ
ҲֻķǰǬԶŻΪߣԼʵһչֳ
Ȼ˼ĵѬգʵһѾʼ˱ɴˣǬԶͬķһʱȻ㹻ϡ
ȻڽӦѾԼ뷨ҲͲõˡ֮ǰͬ˵ȵͳһ֮ұ뿪ǰڿҲոպáĿǰһͳҲֻʱˣҪҰæĵطҲûʲôˡҴھͣһʱ䣬㴦鷳ȻǱͻʥͽ֮ǰ򡣡
ķЦŰԼĴ˵һ¡
ǬԶķĴɫһܿ˹ȥǿЦʦǾ콾Ҳȷʵʺʦͻʥͽ龡ܶ˵ǳѣʦһֵģұԤףʦɹɡ
˸Уÿ˶Լߵ·ֱǽһʼ
ǣʦס
֮ǰѪΪǵһ顣ĿǰѾ˽ҪδҪ뷨
ķ˵ţӻó˽֮ǰӼдѪǵĵ
һţżǴЩĹϵ
Щķ٣ΪûκαҪеȫָͬһ飬һյһϡ
ǬԶӹķǷţϸؿеݺϵı֮ϵı仯
һʼأǱȻǿƵķŭ
Ȼѹ֡
еǰϣǬԶ˫ۣ³̾Ϣ
һʼЩǵľٶǾķԼ鵽ЩϢܹܶһĽˡ֮Ҫ¶ھ֮еϧܵ͸¶ĿľΪ˱һؼ
ķվ˵Ƶһֻ鵽һЩйصĶֻﱾۣ鵽Щϸ˵ҲУյϢ£ԼУֻǽϵɵ״̬Сˣ˵ҲǷǳΣյ޷ﱩ¶֮󣬶пɵʧӰ죬¶ĸ΢СԺԵĳ̶ȡ
ǲſʼ¶ЩעĶΪġתǵע
ǬԶӻ˵
ûֻǹңû뵽Ūɳ׾Ƿע⵽˱Ѿص㡣뿪֮ǰԬǸǡܳΪһͻƵ㣬ҽѪ£ȻԬΪģ˳ϣвôԵȫɢյóһ
ķͷ˵
ǻҲ޿ɺǣֻҪɵĿʵ޷ܡҵѪҪִƻʵ֣ǬԶҪҵˡ
ǬԶ˫ۣ˵ֻû뵽ģԬҡȻҲǲ֮һ
ԬңҵǾò̫أⶼǷ飬ԬһǣҲҵնģԬҿܿǵĸһЩӦֻҪں֮УһܹΪԼ˵˶ѡҪףĸһԶˣʱ䳤ˣҲȻָָ⣬Ԭһĵģ֡ڡǵǰܳŵ֮¡
ķ˵꣬ǬԶĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵ϣˡ˵飬ҿǲϣԼҲԼһˡ
ô
ķûнӻֱʵ
ȻҸɡ
ǬԶɭȻһЦȻȫɱˣ


737 ո
κһ˵λѪĴΪص顣
˸涯˼Ȼܵһӭͷʹ
˱͵֮Ĺϵжôܣһǣ⵱УҲȻǸǵĽ
ۣ֮ŭ
ǬԶķӦķ⡣
ҺпܵĹӦˣ
ķʵ
ǬԶȻѾöע⣬㲻Ȱ˵ǬԶ뷨ǶǴ
ûʲôÿǵˣ˵ģѾǴһͳ򣬽ֻʱѡ£ĺЩҷҵĳͻҲûйϵϾѾûеˡ
ǬԶԥ˵
׾УɣûʲôҾȻؼˡ
ķ˸˵
һֱԱߵҶȻ֮Ȼߵķԡ
ʦһԸ㷹ɡ
ǬԶû뵽ķôҪ뿪һʱЩ
ˣæİɣôۣӰӵĶһæ꣬ҵĻҪ¡ҲԼҪʹߵһս̫ڵڶûȫָҵøе׷ʲô
ķ˰֣ͬʱҶȻ鷿ȥ
ȻǱǬԶȴɺǬԶҪ鰸߳͡
ɣ֮䣬ͲЩˡ
ķôһ䣬ǬԶʶͣ˽ŲһֱķҶȻ߳鷿ǬԶһ鰸ǰ˼á
һֱ鰸ϵǷš
ϵǬԶоһĪѹ˼֮ǬԶɻ¶˾ģԼ̴ӽн鷿ɫޱͬԼ̴ӷԸ
ʱķҶȻƵĲг˻ʹҲÿγ֮ϰˣֵعŵĽǶϰΪǬԶҲûǲ͡
Σ
߳˻ʹǰĹ㳡ĬŲֵĽекķȻ˿ڡ
˵ͣãܿͻǰǬԶĲ֮ģ˵״̬Ҳ֮滺һЩȻļȥǬԶ⣬ͬҲ˿
ҶȻƽ˵
ôͻȻ֮ԻȤй𣿡
ķϵıûκβͷڻʹ֮е洺γĶԱȡ
ӦûУٴǬԶķӦ仯ϣκ⡣Ȼ߶ԻȤʱǳ΢ӦֻһɺϡǬԶڰѪǼǰԮʱ򣬻ЩǱʶ˼ģڰ֮Ӧڣ¶ϲмһЩԵĺ¡
ҶȻ󣬸һ϶Ĵ𸴡
һȻĽֻҪȷе鲻ǹԶⰲŵıˡ飬Ҫ
ķ۾·ɵ鲢ûгΪʵһְο
ϸ룬ֻɵıѾһΪˡ
ҵǺټôƸеģһֱߣΪκ㶼ȫϣ㻹ظ
ķϵı仯ҶȻȻסķļЦſ˵
⻰ʵô
ķЦ˵
̫˻ȥ˵ЩĻôĻֻ˵ˡ߰ɣҸ¥ȶپƣŽ
ҶȻ˵ţ§ķ΢΢ֱӽķһ¥קȥ
˴ʱ޷ԪԶͨҪǿĶ⣬ͨûκ˵״̬Ĵй䣬ʵһǳΣյ顣
ϾЩϣķ˲൱һֶȨƵĴڣھУһЩ֪ķǰҲһգϧһд۵Ҫķ׵
ҶȻķƺûΣ֮еľ
޷ſСΧûһƿأ״̬ЩӦҶڡСѾǱĬһʧȥῪʼȱȫУɲʲô¡
ҶȻŽ˾¥һЩµĲȡҪ̳ƺķЦ˵
ϰߺɣѸı䡣͸֧Ҫôָܻ뷨𣿡
ҶȻķһƣָԼһķңңһ٣ȸ֮󣬿˵
ʱûͷӦֻĹѣΪʲôôõʱȥȴȻû˿ָļҲĿǰΨһܹ͵ɣȸװԣǵıԴȫյװ֮ڣ˵ĻҪָΨһ취ҵȸװ֮Դ׵ļȸװһװյıԴпͷų
ķʼ磬˱оƺ󣬿ڽ͵
ԭǿ鷳ˣɱ㲻ɣƽ׳Ե˶
ҶȻȤһ䡣
Ҳֻʱˣܵã㡭͵Ƿæ͵УͼӺˡ
ķ˵ţٴθԼ˾ƣһߺҶȻ±һҡͷԵ
ֻڻǰߡոա仨긴ꡫƶһƽһ졫ƶȳҵС


738 
ķҶȻһپƣʱ
ںȵľƲ٣˴Ӿ¥ʱһʱ·ЩƮӡ
ûԪֻǵƾǿȥԿƾվǻܵһЩƾӰ졣
뿪¥ͬʱӾ¥ԶĽҲܳӰ
ЩӰѸٵȺ֮У·ˮν뵽˺һ㣬Ҳʲôۼ
ķҶȻȴǻ֣ЩҡһεĳļլȥƺЩȫȻûκβ
ڼ䲻֪ǲƵԵʣķҶȻ·ʵķ˲ٵʱ䣬κ˵ıݣҪפͣ£²Ĺһ
һ·ϣƺʼô˲Զĸ˵˺ͼլľԽԽ̣ŵҲԽԽࡣ
ֱ˾ôһ·լ֮ڣҲûзκͻ״
ļլĴŴ򿪣ķҶȻ˽ȥ֮Щһ·˻Ӱǻʧ˸
լĴ¹ķҶȻҲָ״̬Ҳ⡣
ֻǱ϶Щźζ
ǵĿУѾһĽ֮ϣܰٷ֮ٵȷϣЩ˶ʲôˡȻ֮ǰЩ˲СӰ
ҶȻԵķ˵
Ȼû㣬ҲͰˣԪʧϢסҲûȥ£Ƕյȥһԣֻ˵Ѿ˵ҲãٹԶǱ߲̫鷳ˣЩһûеȥ鷳
ķ˵ţȻаһЦ͵ֱסҶȻҶȻʶľУҶȻᱧ
㡭Ҫʲô
ҶȻܵ§סķĲӣе
⻹ʣΪɫ֮ýǺ˲٣ܵʲôƲǣҪʲôٺ١Ҫ㡭𣿡
˵꣬ķֱӱҶȻЦųԼլȥ
ҶȻķڵĵЦУɬĽԼСԴȫķĻС

ķһ˻ص˾ĵڶ磬ӻʹ֮ڱ㴫һ˶Ϊ֮𾪵ĿϢ
ŷʳش©³Ʒгһжĵġ
Щǰչ֮иСʳ֮á
ȫڳŷṩĵ֮ڶ̶̵һ֮ڱ㶾
ٶ֮죬֮ңҽȥϵʱ䶼ûС
ŵ󹬣һ⣬Ǭ۾ǬԶڳصĹУûüȥƷǵģӶҵӹһ١
ŵǣһ̫֮⣬һУȻûκ˷ùжĵģ
ʵ۵ôһŷ©ﱻɨ˸ɸɾУֻһܵ˲ôһĪĹζ
ڹڵĵλߣȥļ֮УһֱֻǸʵѡŮѡ
ܹѡϵģ϶ԽΪûֻۣܽΪŮˡ
Ҫ˵ȨĻȴҲʵС̫Ҳǻҷǳصһ̫࣬Ҳί顣
ʹ֮Уһλõ̫ʵôˡ
ƫƫһεĹж¼У̫ȴ˳֮⣬Ψһܵǣˣ
·֮ǬԶŷصԱԼ⣬Ȼûκȥ׷˵˼
δˣҲܹᵽһ˿Ѱζ΢һģ׾ٵıܹµ龿Ϊʲôᷢˡ
µµЩ˲е𾪺Ϳ־塣
û뵽ǬԶȻܹ֮ıĹؼѾ¶ھӺܵ͸ǰ֮£ǬԶ߾ȻûܵκӰ죬ʵЩ˼飡
Ǹû뵽ǣǬԶȻɱϣ
Щй֮׵Ůˣĺֱѡ󻼵Ĵʽ
˵ӦϢӻʹ֮ҵһʱ䴫Щ˵УÿһڵõϢʱĵһӦţ
ֱȷϢ󣬴ӹڴϢûκ⣬ǲŵȷȷʵʵķ֮Щ˵޷ķŭ
ΪǬԶĴʽǸоһܹԥؽԼеŮȫɱԭ򡭡ǿֻһЩܵȨʧˣһޱȷˣ
һ˴ŭôıʣпܰдŭճɻҽ
ң˼κκ
εһǬԶûʲô˾ƫƫ˵ĻΨһĽͱǣǬԶʾ
λǬ۾ҵֶͬ棬⡭Ĺң


739 Բ
ڵһô۵լԺʮΧһķ䵱С
С˼ʮˣҲ˿ӵ
ÿһ˶һϣЩ˵ԱߣȫһģһĮ̇
̨ŵĲ豭ȫŲˮֻǲˮ磬ûκ˶һڣܲ豭Ѿûڶȴ޷Щκεע⡣
լԺռСǳ򵥣⼸ʮŵ⣬ֻһ޴Ժ佫լӰС
ԺǷһҵĻվڸ䣬һֻӣܷķ䵱С
ЩʵȫģҲӵεǿģ˴ﵽľ硣
ҴЩϵϢȻǿߣЩõҩѻĻӡ
ھڣһҲѾ㹻ˡ
˵˵ɣôĬҲãæ͵еĴһ𣬿ɲΪ˻࿴˴ġھ˵УðŷյܹѵΪôһ𣿡
ķ䵱Уһ뷢԰׵߳˵
ʱ˷ĳţһʱ䣬˵ȫ
ʲôܳǴͳһİɣȻˣóеķʲô飿֪ҶѾ˵ѾˣԹ԰ʲôã
ߴһ˿Ū˵
ǶСǬԶҲС˻ң˽Ŀ˵ģûκôӦģһõİ취εѶɹȥ飬Ҷзݲ룬˭Ҳ⣬˵˵Ե뷨ɡ
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ʮ˻֮һʱȻûҪȿڡ
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ǴŴǬȨײ㣬ҲǬ˻⣬ȨһȺ塣
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ļլרķԺķϯض
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ӣ̳еľʱüЦĿҶȻ˵СȻ˵ҰͲԸ⿴ǲҪӣͷ죬Ǿһֱļס£Ҳûʲô˵
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742 
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ʦˣȻҴ˴ǰȷʵϣܹõİһϣף֮İΪľǱ塣ְæĴۣȻǶмԵĴô˵Ƿæûκ壡
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Ц֮ǬԶͣȻ֪ǳģڼӰ֮£Ǵ󷽵ĸķұļҲɳ⣬ֲ⼸ս⣬ȫļң͡
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һִ֮󣬶µĶΪҺ͹߰˳е߳ɰ룬ʣİɣļҡ
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744 ҫϣ
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ѪΧм䣬ķ۾˫Ų˷ӡ壬վš
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һȱȱĶլӵ£һߴŹǷһ߿ķ

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ˣÿһ˶ָ״̬֮ķĹâȴٴţ
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â֮£ոջָѪԼҶȻ㾪ȵķ֣ǵȻʼ
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ֻǺ֮ĹʮѪ̱ԪǣҲ˱仯ͻƵȫµľ磡

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745 ҫ£
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ķ૵ĽԼԺԶֳһʻһ顣
ݻ䴫Ϣȸװڼ֮Ȼֵһ
ʥװ߱ŽڻذǿʥװѾĸӵԼ
ȻװԷɢû֮ԴԵʣϵͬ뵽˼״̬С
ʼղϵ¹⻪֮Ȼÿһװıܡ
ֲϼȡγɵĻۣһԶ֡
װ룬֮Դ֮¼ȸװһԷĻǡҫ
ֻĻۣȸװͷŵԪʵ΢΢
Ȼ嵽ܻ֮˵ϣѾ㹻ˣ
ʱ˿̵ķڡҫĵϣõĺôȻġ
ľڶ̶̵ʱѾһ·ܿﵽ۷ĲΣ
Ĺ쳣Ѹͣûκε谭
νƿķ˵ǸЦЩѪ̣ڼȡȸװ£Ҳκζعѡ
ʥװѾǹһ֣
ȻڼѪڴﵽĲκҲûֹͣ
ķ۷Ĳ϶ݵͣºһֱӽ뵽˳ľ磡
һƷƷƷ
֮죬µһĿɿڴı顣
ܸӣѾ̻ľ翪ʼڡҫɶĿʼļȻǾм֮ġ
ǿķľٶȣʵִܸС
뵱Ϊܹͻ۷𣬴Ӷﵽľ磬ǿǾ˾һڡķͻȴɣ˵⡣
Ȼ˺֮ǲܱȵİ
Ȼ鸴ӣֻڸпûκθĶ
ͺЩﾭ飬Ѿͷͨˮ׼ȻΪһЩ̼㶯ҡġ
ˣʱ˿Ѿȫʵֿ֮Уû˭㣬ͬʱžѵʶ
ķľȻӳƷһ·˳Ʒվ˳۷壬һֻʥͽż֮Žͣ
ܵķӰ죬ȻҶȻڡҫеõĺôûô࣬ľҲǿĴﵽ˳۷ĲΡ
ҪСһЩڱǿ츳Զ࣬ͬҲ˳۷塣
ʮѪ̣һڿĲκ󣬴󲿷ͣ۷ĲΣ츳õѪѪӼˣ˳żӵ˳һƷ
϶ԣٵȻǰӰ˶ֻƷұͣ
ֻһƷԭƷľ˳Ʒ
ķȥǵĻֻһƷҲԶӰ
֮ôһΡҫʵԺˣõ˾޴ĺô
ʵϣ⻹Ժ϶ԵʣԺûˣֻķҶȻ˵Ļôҫɢ֮ǿпֱӽƶʥͽ֮
Ҳ˵˵Ĵڣ̯һֱӦķҶȻȡ
ڹҫֵķΧУɢһڵԽ̯࣬ÿ˵ȻӦĲͬ
˼顭
ڵȶķԼĲԼؽڣ³һ˵
ȷʵ˼飬˶̵ʱȴܹţһûκ鸡ĸо·ԭǾ˳ʱĿ֮ŵõġʥװ档
һԵҶȻҲ̲ס˸пصͷ˵
Ӧ˵ֻȸװŻ棬ݻṩϢʥװ߱װǰ׻װֻװΨһܹõģֻӵװ˱߱ϢĴУҲȸװСΪȸװ߱ʥװΨһġԡ
ķڽ͵
ԭˣ˵ֶȸװϴ˰ɣȫ£ǵľ˵زϢνʥ
ķĽͣҶȻ֮ǰ˵Щڵ
ϴռ汾ˡԭڵõȸװÿһװԼӦϴֻϴʹʱ˿װȫϴС׼׶ѡҲ֮ǰûļװϴ񣬷һϴҲЧԡ
ķͷ˵
˵ĶԻΧѪ¶˻Ȼı顣
ϸ˵ʵûʲô


746 ǣ
ԭȸװеϴã±˵ĻҪǿࡣ
仯³˵
ʲô˼
ķŤͷ
ڡҫЧ֪ȷʵȫ档
û취䴫ԺеϢֻôһЩδϸûһ㶼쳣ϸµĳ̶ȡ
ڻ֮УϢڷǳҪıϢûб¼аɣ
ķأ˼ŵʱȴǽ˼ϡ
ϴ񲻽Щ˵ǰʵ;磬ҪһǣϴȫĸıЩ˵壡
һ˵ţһߴ˳ζŲӣ˵Ҳ֪ǵĸоʲôģ˵һ㡣ܹԵĸоޱᣬ·ص˼ʮǰҵΪǿ츳ΪǸʱ򡣡
Ѫû
ΪԭʹΪǿǸϣԶ˵ı仯ûһԵĸо
ǵĸоǲһġҲѹ֣ǵԭʹ۷ĲΣңȫǰˡ
Ѫı飬ʼ磬˵
ữʥȻ𣿡
ķΪ⡣
ʥͽ֮ǳԽ˷˵ľ磬已̥ȻҲͺͷ˥ϸָʥͽ֮ϵǿԶʱϴȥǻἫӻ˥ϵḶ́ӻãҲڿͶʥͽȻ׳굱С
ЦǺǵ˵鼫ѡ
ʵϣҲȷʵõеõĳ̶ˡ
ԭԼⱲѾûж뷨ˣܹﵽǰĳɾͣ˵Ҳ㹻⣬һϣעͻᷢӦı仯
˵ĵ飬ѾѧУ
ŷšҫϴȴȻ䷢֣ȫµĻ
ǾһƷô򵥣Ļഺһӿԭȫĵ·
ʥͽ
Ǻ¡ͺһʼĲ²һڷӡĹȻ֮Դȫװ֮ҲȻ˾޴ĺôô˵ĿǴﵽˣȾ鳹˽⣬ҾͺȻǰ򣡡
ķӿ˵
֮ǿһжȫûġ
ƷǰһʥѾﵽܹļޣ
ȻЩͻȻķ˵ȴûκİĸоڵõĵһʱ䣬ķĴһ˿
ֻдﵽʥͽ֮ܽڡûеʥͽɣ
ԭԺſڵİ˹ʵ
ӰǸڰ࣬Ȼޱ𾪵ɫ
ѪԼϰķϴ漣ͬǣӰȻѾķһˣȻı仯Ծܵ˾޴ĳ
ȷʵһ㣬ⲻǰԭҲҪķЩʱ䣬ȸװ̺ӴʥʱҺȻиһƵִ֮ǰ˾ܹ·ͻƳΪʥͽˡ
ķʮ˵

ſ˿ΧѪ̡
ѪҲǻ࿴˿Щֹģ
ôˣ
ķֵʵ
ǽǡǾ޷ˡȻǹâϴһǵʵ˾޴츳ƺҲʵı仯ҪͻƳΪʥͽҲǶʱܹ顭⡭
Լգ˼˵
ÿ˶Ƕĸ壬ҲԼӦȥȥߵ·ǸҵߣҲ޷ĳɳңһͳ󣬻巴Ҫǿ򡣵ҺȻȥ򣬼壬Ҫˡ
ķ仰ͬѪ˵ġ
ķ˵棬ޱȵĿķѪǻǻ࿴˿εص˵ͷ
ӰҲһߵʱ䲻ҽ̸ĶҲ࣬ҪٵøߣҪȥԼһЩ顣ߺļҵһµĳϰɣ㹻ȥһúɽˡ
ǣ
ӰԥĹӦǡ
顭㣬һֱأȻʼûϸѯʹ㣬µĵҲܲµһЩӦ򣬲ļ壬֮УҲЩλİɣһĹϾͿжϳһ
ķ¿˰˵
ҧҧ촽Ȼص˵ͷ
㾿ʲôû򳤴󣬷䵽վҵܹͯ½򣬰鶼ңίҸͷ
ķ˵ĺƽȴһʱ档
ǣ


747 
Ǭ꣬һûκƽݣݳݺɡ䡢תƣھͨ˵Ǭ֮ǰκһݱδʲôͬӰ졣
Ǭ˵һ꣬ȴעһҪȥǵӡ
ΪһǬӰ켫Զ¡
һǴǬͳһΰҵ
ھ޻ԭЩɴɨ֮ҲҲκһֵ֧ܹסǬӱװ
ң򣬺ɨǧڴǬļԶϳΧ֮£ʣȵռеļ˳
һʱսУ޾Ѿ»صڵ޻ԭУ޾ŵĳ֣ȴѾ໹ڵĹ˾޴־ϵĿֲݲС
ĴǬΪܹȥֵסĽŲƵһƴֿ־ȫʧȥôյĽҲͲԶˡ
ǬľռһҵĶ֮Ҳζţȫ˴Ǭƿ֮С
һЩ깵ĵطȻһЩַƣȴѾκӰ졣
һͳҪеģȻǴͣ
ռ˶أҪӦĳֶٹԱʿȥռ졣
Щ³ְֵλȻȻľͳǬԶջɡ
ķΧʵ̫ˣһ뼯Ȩܽȫƿ֮С
ԭǬӵеЩҲҪίɳΪһҪʱʱİѲԱѲķ
οڽȫ֮󣬴Ǭֹʮ
ίɸ㼶ĹԱ֮ص顣
ͬڸ塢ԼսбֳɫĽʿ˵ҲΪעʹݡ
ֻǣ˺ʵ̫̫࣬ǬԶĸԤ£ֻ˶ʹ͡
ڴģķͣҪһ൱ʱͳƺͻܣóһϸ;Ӧ÷͵Ĺģ֮ǬԶȥյ;
ȻҪŪûмµʱ䣬ǲˡ
ʱעǬ뵽൱״̬С
ʱһ˶ԼĹעصڶЩй֮Ľʱӻ֮ȴ־һϢ
Ϣһų˲˵Ŀ⣬ʹüνй֮飬һӾͱ׵ʽĽ䡣
ĴΪף˾ļ⣬ʮŸ壬ҪѼ۵ȫƸеİ˳ɣó׸
ջҵĽͣʮ֮ҪôΪܹøãǿ֮ʱ򣬰ٷϴˣȻǧδ֮ʢȴҲͬսľ޴뾡ౡ֮ΪӦеĹס
Ӧ˵Ǵӻʹ֮ʥּʽ̵ʱﴫ˴Ǭÿһ䣬ʥּеݷǳٷʮһԭ󣬻ǬԶʮߵľͶǵķ׽˲ı
ȻһпֻҪ΢糣˼ˣܹе⡣
ΪʲôеĶҪĲƸ׳
ǿ˳ɡһױͳΨһĲҲû˰ɣ
Щһڹ֮ǰľ󵽵׷ʲô־ǹĽ棬ûм֪ҲӦ
οжҶ׳ҲͬʱļһȥڵĿ⣡
ʮҪ׼Ҳͬʹ֮ڰ䲼˵һʥּ֮ûõʱ䣬ְܿ䲼˵ڶʥּ
ʥּǶԵһʥּݵĲ䡣
ļҾΪ˶ЩĹ׽бãʮҶļҲó裡
ȻܵͣǵʮҶһһʱ
Ȼһǳֲ֣
ڵļõЩԴʹļҵʵϣ
ټȫ˶ҲǺͿͬĳ̶ȣļ˲ӱĳΪǬУڻҵĴڣ
ǬԶһȫµġҪڴǬȫʩеߡ
ļ壬ȫһƷһƷǿƷΣ
Ʒ彫õͬ㼶ĺôͬʱƷ̶ÿʱ䣬һΧڵļƷͨԵĽƷԼ䡣
һεļƷУļҳΪΨһһƷ壬ͬʱԬΪ˶Ʒ塣
ˣǬȫµĵȼȷ
ķҶȻҲŻ̤ǰ;


748 
ǱĴеģʵϵ۵Ļ֮ҪԶԶĳĴܺ͡
Ĵǰһ㲻ĤչֻʥʿٳĴ½ʥʵʵأ已̥˳ɵõѾ
վֻڡˡķ롣
ٳĴ½֮ͬ䵮ĵȣ
򱻷ֳĿͬټʵҲϱֳĸͬ
նϱĸɽɭ޹⡢ԼѪȴĴطֱλĸͬУΪĴı־
Ǿ겻ֻҪ򣬾ͱȻֻڶ֮УҲΪͬˡ
Ȼȷ𣬵ʵĴ˴֮ϷָĲȷҲֻǴϵͬ˴ӵĵطȮǻҡ
һ֮еĻ۾ӵλҲǴ򣬶һĴΧһǳء
ͬǣ֮еĳǳػ϶Ƕڵģͬǰǳγɹҵĸ
Ϊ֮˵ĸѾǿ޷ֲĳ̶ȣ֮£ѻıȥάͳεĹ̬ܴڡ
֮УɺͼʽڣƳǳĶѣͳǳرʵΣЩɺͼǿĻ
£ԽǿλõĳǳأҲԽǿ
ԽǿλõĳǳأҲԽС
³ǱλӱԵһСǣ֮УСǺֹǧ
˵СǣЩǳأҲԳ֮ΪȻǴǬľ㣬Ҳֻ³һҵĴС
ڳǳڵʵ͸Ӳܱȵˣ
Ȼ򲻿˶ʥͽôţֻҪܹΪʥͽ֮УҲһǿˡ
ȴûͨ˵Ĵڣ
ϡԪ֮еԪŨȿŵĿƿֲˣʲôֻǼ򵥵ĳԷˮ˯᲻֪䣬ŨԪ壬ıǿȡ
ʹãűʵơ
ǸոճӤҲӵŲѷɫߵ
Щ֮гӤ츳ԶӤǿö࣬ٶȣҲԶԶܱȵġ
ŨۿɼԪŨȣټҲԶŸعչ֣֮˵̣ȫ°빦
£ʹֻάͨǿȣһӤڳʮʱҲӵΪ
ʮͣǰ׳գ㶼ܹӵεľˡ
ֻ츳Ϊ׿ǼˣпܾʮꡢϰĿޣﵽľȣȻͲһΡ
ȻڿҼûκѶȵľҲͬһЩӰ졣
ڻϻι̣־ͬȼǿ߸ž޴Ĳࡣ
ҲھһĲ֮һ뵽ƿ֮УҪͻƿҲҪѵĶࡣ
򼴱㲻˵ʰǣҲȫ˵ǶţëҪĲΣͻһӳֶʽ»ˡ
ΪͻƳվ已̥ĵһô򵥣Ҫһ㣬ûһ츳Ҳǲġ
Щޣ츳ϵȻ߱ѹƣһ㣬֮ȴûжĿɱˡ
ϣʥͽ֮ʱֻһȱ
˾ʥͽ֮ձڣһЩƫԶĵطҲȻĸ֡
³ǣ
ס³УԼΧ³ǾۼЩˣǧ
ǧӵεǿҲϰ򣡿ǿߣֻмǧˡ
ʥͽֻĹֱӵ䵽˸λ
ɴ˿ɼټжڻķ츳ܶʱìܣõԽףԽǲϡ
һļֵıҪӵˣȡĹУжôѡ
ȻԶԶ޷ȵģҪۼ֮ģ˾ԶԶȲˡ
ʱ³ǧ֮򽻽ϴӰڻ߳
һޣķҶȻԼ
뿪һ·ϣͨ·ϵǱޣһ޶ɹʥͽľ磬Ӷ˳ͨϣ뵽֮С
ոսķҶȻֱӱŨķ˼Ԫ𺳵ˡ
ûϸȥΧеŨԪע㱻Զڷһ¸ȥ


749 
˼溣ΪһͷƱҪҪɲô޴˰
һ˳ζӽһЩСŮӰΧм䡣
Ůӵſһֻ˲ѩױӡ
ȻŮĽСһڱΧľ浱Уϵıȴ쳣ͣûжη֮⡣
ɽǺòҪȻ͵ϮҺʹףѵǾͲ֮ս𣡡
˼溵ĽСŮ
սˣ˼溣˵ӣǸӣǿĲ۷εˣһûУҲսҪ˵ֻһͷƱˣ缸£Ȼ㣬ǴѵҶ˵ʲôɣ
бΪɽӺŵĴЦ
ǡ壡Ǵǰô࣡ڱ۸ʱҲֻǴӲԸϵֿû뵽ֻǵĴ峤ͻƵ˳ѣǾȻͱ޳ܵӣ
˼ҧ촽Ƿ
壿ñӿʵ۵̫ЩǵҲΪһԿаˣһҪѣ˵ôûʣûǴӵİģԼѵֵܵסӵڵжˣǿЦ
ɽЦһ˵ϻ˵ϽͷƱӻЩķϣ뿪Ҳûʲô
ΣǴӵĻޣǴ峤ҪҩԼȥұȥǴ׵⣡
˼ſ˫ۣԥĺǳ
ߣʵʵˣǰ˸ͬҲʣ㲻Ը⣬ѵֹ𣿿Ц
ɽ˵ֱ꣬ӴһӣںֵϣȻǲʶ̧٣ǾԼ֣Ʊкк𣡡

ʱ˷ܵĴӦһȻЦų˼ȥ
˴ʵʵ̫Ȼ˼Ѿ˾ģǰ˳ȴԾ̲סһ
ҧҧѾһ˼ҲͲٶ룬ĵڵԪֱƴˡ
Ȼ˫ֵɲǣһȻƥԪȻ˼溵ǰֱӽ˼溻󣬵סǳļӡ
ʲôˣ
ͬʱоһ޷ֵǵոճ嵽˼溵ǰûȶֱ֣ƻԭλãһʱһȫ¶㵵ɫ
ȻУˡķӵļֱӡǸ簡
ķ˿ǰİӣŤͷ˿ĽСŮЦſʵʲô֣
أǰĻҡҽ˼溡
СŮ˴ЩŵĻش
ķĳʵ̫ͻȻ˼һʱЩӦ
ĴʲôطȥͬʱҲЩҪ㣬ϣܹҽн𡣡
ķͬ˼º˵ȴǿǰһۡ
ʲôˣ˼溺ƱǺҪģ𣡡
еһ̲סŭ
壿
ķüʵô˲𣿡
ǰгǿߵģȷȷʵǡ
վķ˼С˵
ûǴ峤ǳĸ֣֪ʲôͷΪʲôҪҺ飡¸ءŮˣûֻƱ£ȻʵǿǻǶ֣ƱǴ峤Ҫ˵Ķ²Ҫ󣡡
ɽæ˵
ͻȻֵɢϢǳǿ󣬵ǿЩģһʱжϲķʵ
ôƫƧĵطҲǿǰɽĲ²УǰͻȻֵļһӦĲΡ
粢ߣǰ˸ֻ˵ȴȻܹԸļޡ
ɽûҵһʱ䶯֣ǰԼҴ峤ͷ

ķɫŹֵظһ顣
ûȥ֪Ҳ׷
ķı飬ɽΪķǱԼҴ峤ʵŵˣʱ¸Ϊ̬
ǡҵľ磿
ķָԼʵ
ľ磿ĳ̶𣿶ܵ۷ˣڳǰƨ㣡
ɽһ
ķֱԭأһε˵ʵЩ߿ˡȻˣǾͺúÿҵʲôɡ
˵꣬ķһϢޱĴӿ
ȷʵû뵽ûڵ£⼸ԭסȻ޷׼ȷжϳľ硣
ΪǰЩľˮ׼òĽȫͷų֮Уǲġ
ķԪţ˼溶ʱɴ۾ǰһȫ˲ŴͣĿĿķ
ʥʥͽ


750 Ĳ
ɽľУķȵʥ
Դͻʥͽ֮ڵϢعϴ·ʵı仯
峬ʥԪҲعϴ½Ϊʥ
Ԫʥ߱ʥζԶͨԪعͬ£ܹӳҲԲͬն
ķͻʥͽ֮ջ
Ҵߣǻ𣿡
ǼѾɵ˵ӣķ΢Ц˵
࣡
ɽص˿ĭ󡰅硱һӲֱͦͦӹ˵ϣ
ƺҲܵӰ죬ɽµͬʱ׷ϥͬȥ
ҡ飬֪ʥðʥ
ɽһԴصĿ˵ϣĵ
ˡôһԣ
һֱվڲԶҶȻ̲סüצͷȻֱ֧žһʼĶ
ϻë׵ӣʵľϲУҶȻݸ
ûͿɣúһʶ
ȻɽһȺ˵ķҲʵΪͣᷳĻ˻֣˵
ɴ⣬æӵȻٲҶ˵һ仰ĿİѸ롣
ֱ˵ӰʧߵУķŤͷ˼溡
лǰǰ֣治֪ôɹѹˡ
˼溸æǷ˵
ķȴǰ˰֣Ȼ£ַƱͷϡ
ԭһؿķķǵƱķͷϺѸʧͬʱϻ¶ܵı顣
ֻһĹƱصƾͿʼۿɼٶϣһңеƾȫָ
׿ƱĽһȻֱӵͷ㳯ķȥͬʱϵҡԼβͣķ⡣
һԵ˼Ѿ׿ɵۣȫû׾ʲô飬ΪʲôֻǰַƱԴϣܽƱôصκã
ʥͽľ֮ϢԪתΪʥԪʥŸĹЧˡ
ķ˼溵ɻ󣬿ڽ͵
ԭˣܱǸǰҡҴûмʥǿߣҲûгʥǿߣԲ֪Щ顣
˼溲˼˵
õǸ߰ɣûʲô˵ĻʹȥһĴӰɣҸոս಻ĵطҪ˸ҽһ¡
ķ˰֣˵
ոսǰǡˣ
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ķ΢΢һſˡСĸ֪Χ԰ټƵǵϢ


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һЩһ޷쵽ΧƫԶĴҲֻ³СǣܹޣŻʹ˾Ѿ˳ǳΧļޡ
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Ӵ֮˼溱ԵΪġ
һ·֮ϣͣڸķ;ķ⣬Լ·ĸӵĻ
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761 Ĵֱ
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˵ȼķޣֵ֮УҲǷǳ߰ģ˾ԵĴ⣬ͨССң
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ȻҲܹͨƵĳġ
ҲҪﵽʥͽϵĲΣӵͭϵˮ׼ܹйա
ΪľܿûʲôôֻṩһãѾǣʥͽع⡣
ԱֻǷ޺ͳᣬ߽һ𣬱ʵֻṩˡ
˵μûʵȥ֧ġ
Ƕڴһȵ˵Դ˷桭ʵûʲô塣
ûӣ磬Դ³ǳǰ޲Tǵһ·֮ϣκε֮УʹķҶȻڳ֮УļΪ
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ټϿռָﻹԤ˴еƼȣʹһ·ϣķҶȻ൱⡣
˾ںƼ⣬ṩöռָ˴ʥԪʯ
Ԫʯ˵٣ֻһٿƷԪʯʥԪʯƷУÿһֵȫ
ʥԪʯĶѻ˿ռָеһ䣬ռָռȥ˽ķ֮һ
ڿռָµżأЩʥԪʯΪ˸ķҶȻõģ
Ϊʥͽ֮󣬱ֱӼȡʥԪʯڵʥֻ̲Ҫʥ۵㹻ӵӦĶĸȻԼƷ
Ĺʥͽ˵ƷʥԪʯȽ׵õƷƷʥԪʯ쳣ˣ
һͨʥͽܹӶĻôӶһҪĻҲֻһٿƷʥԪʯˡ
ɴ˿ɼռָµʥԪʯǶôӴһʲƸ
κһнڶһʵһֱóôʥԪʯȻ˵˽ǣȴҲ㹻һˡ
οЩʥԪʯȫǶѻһˡʹá
˰ܼҵЩҲȥ
¿ռָֻЩѾһκΪ֮ĶĲƸˣЩȻǿռָмֵĶ
ռָмֵģһƿƿۻҵĸ߽׵ҩԼһЧ
֮˵ЩֵΪķ򵥵Ŀһº󣬾㵵ķ֣ЩȻûκһڰµģ
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Ψһĺôǣڷһ˿ɣ׵˶δ˵һС
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뵱޻ԭʱͶľ֮лģʱĻ˵ֵطܶණṩķƥﻳĵ˶Լ޷ƥĶձȻɱ֮
ʱ˵ȵ֮ŻὫĺöøķ
û뵽Ȼ˵Ŀţ
ǳɳεķţָЩҲȻԶԶĳǳɳļֵ
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ǰ޲Tǵ·ϣķҶȻʵᵽһѣɵġ
ÿеͨȡʥԪʯеʥɣЧ֮ߣֱĿࡣ
˾㹻ʥԪʯΪԴ֧ţҲܻƿÿһʱ䣬Ҫȥع
ķҶȻȴȫûⷽ鷳һ·֮ΨһҪģԴԴϵȥԼǷ·ԶҲԲ塣
޲TΰĳǽߵеʱķҶȻѾ˾Ʒʥͽľ磡
ϵ߼Ҳֻһ֮ң
֮ûͻƵߣķҶȻȡʥٶȲΪרżйǧҪͻƵߡ
ȻԣרŵĶķҶȻȻѡӡ


762 ƻ
ô̶̵ʱ䣬ƷʥԪʯȫһգʽǿˣݹֻܹܵҡҲûٰɣ
޲TȺǵʱҶȻЩп˵
·еᵽʲôٵ
ֻٶȽһֲĵĻ֮ϣֲĹӦķҲ顣
Ӧ˵һҲޡķ¥ЩŷϢ׬ȡ˴ĲƸЩƸ˹άķ¥ճ⣬Ȼ䵽Ŀڴֵж˭Ҳ֪
ʥһһ壬ֻߴŵĻſҪʳô࣬Ҫ˼ɸνƽ⣬Ľ˶Դȫĳһ˵ϣƫƫ⣬Ҳֻɡ
ķпһͬʱܸоԼŵʵЩ
˳ųĴ̽ͷǰȥǴƺڽΪϸļ飬һʱЩɻ
ôˣ
ҶȻʵ
Ŵƺڽзǳϸļ顭֣³ǵʱûκμ̣ѵǳԽ󣬹Խ𣿡
ķֵ
޲TȺǵĶкʹǬľȫͬǳǲǰеȺǵ˶һķĳߣӵһЩͬŶӵȺǵˡ
ķʱɫŤͷķ
λѣ㲻֪Ϊʲô޲TǻͻȻϿĽǼ飿
վķ̽ͷǸϵһֵʵ
ȷʵ֪ͽ̡
ķŤͷӣȭ˵
⳵ϵı־ķ¥İɣֳķ¥ڵĵλ̫͡ô֪ܲ޲TǾʲô飿
Ӵķĳᣬһɻ˵
Ҳר޲Tǵģֻ·ǰҲûи¥ϵȷʵ
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ӵҲٻɣ˵ͷ󣬿ڽ͵ԭˣѹ㲻֪޲TǾʲô顣ʵ֪ҲϸϾ¹ɭ޹ʹ˵еʥװǶʥĴȥĵ飬ֻ֪һЩŵҥԡ
һ˵ţһѹϹСı飬˵˵ɭ޹϶ڴһռ䣬ռܾһдﵽ߲֮ϵ롣ֻƷʥͽСһռʱڲС㿴Щˣ󲿷ֶǳռġ
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ٺ٣ǲǺܳԾҸտʼ˵ʱҲΪǱҿأϾɭ޹ڴռȻһֱԴԶΪֹûķֹ˵ʥװ֮һİ׻װռ֮СȻֻǹڰ׻װһ˵һ˵ǰ׻װɢĸ䣬˵˵˵˭Ҳû취˵Է
ķһԾӣԵΪ⣬ϸŪɫ˵֪׻װռеϢҪӿɿĶ࣡ô֪ģҲ㣬Ψһ˵ǣϢҪԶȰ׻װɢ֮е򣬿ɿĶ࣡
ӻǹأķᣬֻǼʵȻˣЩӦֱȥɭ޹ڴðղǣȫܵ޲T
ٺ٣Ͳ˰ɡ
ӵĻ˻Դ˵ǿռ䣬ҥô꣬ȴһռ䣬˭Ҳ֪澿ʲô˭Ҳ浽жٺô£˭һ˭ȻռǣʱܹҲ޵ģŵôˣ¡Ȼֻܿȭͷˣ˵ǰɣ
˼ǣ֮ôŶӵŽ޲TǣΪ޲Tڣȷ׼
ķָָԶĳǽʵ
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˵ıȽϸķҲͻϸ˵ô¡
ͬʱҲΪʲô˼е
ʥ˾֪ĶҪһֵΣʵҲ㹻ǿʥͽʵһ׵飡


763 ޲T
ӿǸ룬ڸķΪʲô޲TǻͻȻӴǵļȣԼΪʲôͻȻô˷ӵԭֿʼͬķ˱顣
ķġСʼմſ״̬ǰӵʵҲһжϡ
Ʒʥͽҵˮ׼߲֮ͣУŵһЩƫԶСڣԳưԵģǵ˺Ĵǣֻܵ͵ˡ
ٶȹڻʹŶǵ˶ѻԽԽ࣬޲Tǲò˸ĳӳԱֿǲ顣
ЩӳԱֻǳĶѣֻдӵĶӳӵеƷʥͽľ磬ܼЩˣʵǿʼʵʵĲҳκ۶ӡ
ӵĽͣȻΪ޲TǱЩǿ㹻֮
ʮһһ¥ĵ޲TǱеڣڿҪ֮һ
޲TǵĳҲǿļ֮һʵﵽ˰ƷߵĲΡ
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οʱ˿̵޲TڣʮһʥУκҪǣȻǲεġ
ãĽֵķҶȻĳϸĲһȷûʲô⣬ַС
ķԵҲͬʱϣȻһ˷ܵĲ޲Tڡ
ѣҽ޿ɽ齣ɵˡ齣ȻȲʮҲһڳ鷳ܱҵ֣Եټ
˷ܵĳ˳޲TֺĽ󣬳ķ˹֣Ȼתȥ
ҶȻЩȻؿȥıӰ̲סʵˡôÿɴûļһ
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ڵٱʥȻֱӾס˳С
ķҶȻҪĿ꣬ǰջһסһջ
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ռļأڶδЩҲһЩϸֻ˵Ĵźʷ̫ɲĵطڿռԲֻЩ¼ô򵥣򲻿ȫʥע⡣
ڳҶȻķԶ޳ȴķϣȹֱӻߣѩ׵ļȫչķǰķһʱʳָ󶯡
ʮλʥʮһλһˣһķʥռУпܴڴ˵еİ׻װ϶Щġʥ˵ޱҪĶ
ķָҶȻĴȣһĦţһߵͷ˵
˿еճ̶ǲ͡˵ûռڿֻ֮Ʒʥͽ룬ôеʥҪȡģһǽеԼ˵һ±Ǻᣬк͹ϵõĺľˡ
ҶȻü˵
˵ĻǵڻûʼҪֱӹˣ
ķҶȻȵֲһ٣գգ۾˵
ˣǳΪĴһ뵽ռ䵱УпܵһʱᱻΧϾҲζţºʥûʲôõĹϵ
ҶȻ˵ͷ
鷳ءˣȼ˵ɣҲ˽ֻƾղ²⡣
еĹؽںķԼҲʵЩ
Ҳ֪еЩʥͽսΡ
ܹʥͽټĹҲʵԼͬǰ㣬ͬȼ£ͬεγɾѹƣӦþûô˰ɣ
ôһ·޲TǵĳʱķŴӳ˼ѹ
ҶȻһŻ˳ᣬȥӦ޲Tڵһ㳡
㳡ΧܲŸָĵ̣һԲΣټĹ㳡ΧУһĿ·ӹ㳡ں޲Tõļҿջұ
ڳûӣķҶȻոճ˳ᣬΧ˵ע
һոմԱһҿջ߳ӣڿҶȻ󣬶ʱ˫۴Źʣ


764 粻ȱ
Ա߾һңȥʵҰɣȥһҿ
ҶȻָָԱҲʮһҿջ˵
ûǰ֪ϵķʽ;ӦȥҲǲķҶȻʲôʱŻҲ޷ȷķҶȻ򣬲ҵ֪Ϣ֮λʲôط
ӦòҵġСûҿջ֪ϤϢ
ķ̧ͷ˿ǰǲĲҸ߶ȵĿջǺȷؿ˵
ȷʵûи֪ϢͬҲûҿջ֪κʥεĿֲϢҲǸ֪˼ϢǿԶʥͽǿߡ
Ӧñν߼ǿ˰ɣ
ʥεǿ߶ѾϢȫڣû˿磬ûи֪ϢҲ
ȻҲпԭסջʥεǿʱջ֮С
ʿɣֻǴЩûʲô𡣲ЩĲƺҪʵĶࡣ
ҶȻһ˵ţһ߳Կջȥ
Ӥӵߵǲϲ̣ʹﲻճҪı׼
ķ˵һ䡣
˸ոߵǿջĴ֮⣬ӭȴȻ˼ˣǰеĵ·ϡ
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ӦôתһȦȻлΪòɫҪǿȡȫɱ⣬Ժ鷳Ų֡
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ǰȳΪĵһǿߣһ򲻹ģпñ˰ɱˣȻȥѹկˣ
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꣬ΧЩǿ׳Ӷʱķ֣ǾȻ֮ͥ£ֱӿʼ˿ӡ
ķĺЩĿɿڴΪҶȻòֱɧŵѾǼҳ㷹һƽûκһˣǰ㲻Ҫġ
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ЩΧ׳ǿҲֻһƷʥͽһƷʥͽˣˣֻгĲΡ
ӣȻҲӵʥͽϢѪ鸡ȻĿͻƵʥͽʵȳǿǿһЩȴҲǿޡ
һˮ׼޲T޼ɵ£ΨһĽֻͣӣˣ
ķȻͷڵϢ֮󣬽ֻͨϢΧЩ׳ȫ˰ˣûʲô֡
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Ϣĳ֣ԭעʼշҶȻϵڽʵķϣϸ˾ȵı顣
˵ģûµĻÿ
ķޱ˵
ôĿƷʥͽѣȻ͸̬ȸ˵Сӣ֪˭𣡡
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˭ûκιϵҲûȤ֪ݡ
ķ˵
ӲСҼֿӲļһЩˣ֪ҵ֮һ̱øһСӣ޲Tǵٳ޲Tǳϣ׵
˫һɣݺݵ˵
˶׵ʲôϵ
ķ̲ס˸ۡ
ΧΪ֪£ֵȺ̲סЦһ
ҿǲ֪ôдϣɱ
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ڸʲôҵĻҲ
ķӦȻ˸ջ
үǡǲĶְ
ǿƷʥͽΪѵ˵
ʲôǶ֣޲TǣѵĻֲɣϣ£ҪǸһ֣͸Զ޲Tǰɣ
˻Ӷ˫ֺ
ʮ׳һɺվҼΥҧҧĳķȥ


765 ͨǾȭͷ
ǸոͻƳΪʥͽʱһƷʥͽķҪһܽԷ
ʱӦԼһ·֮ϣͨȡʥԪʯ˾Ʒʥͽľ磬ŵǰʮ˵Χķ͸оѹˡ
öֻ֣ǽӿϢıɾ㹻ĹԣеʮûдﵽʥͽĳѾͣסӡ
ͬʱ¶ʹɫű׷ƾըѣ
ʥͽûͬǰ㲻һȴҲͬķϢӰ졣
һƷʥͽػİ˵ϣɫ˲һƬɷס
ΨƷʥͽܹǿվţֻǿķУѾ˾֮ɫ
ΪķϢӰ£Լսⶼ
ôǾƷʥͽܹﵽĲΣ
ҲҪߵľ磬ܹӵɣ
Ʒʥͽľɽȴӵľ
㡭Ȼĸ֣𣡡
ĿԼЩһ̻ôԼǰѿʵһȻߵؽе
ûëɣ㶼Ҫֱɱˣѵҷڣ̴ǰʧĻҿҪһɱˡ
ķ˵
ȻɱȫڣеɭȻ֮⣬Ѿ㹻̬ȡ
ң޲TǵٳҸڳϣһʥͽȻڣҿǻĲͷˣ
Ӽе
ķϸһ˿ͷɫ
żϰΪΪ͡
Ϊ˹ǣһȫԴûκεߡ
ˣķֱһưˡ
֮УûоԵʵܶʱȴһЩΪҶȻԣķԼǵǿУҪҶȻİȫ⡣
վһ޶ȣǰʼղķٷϻֻǼ򵥵ʵûǲã
˵ĽȻֹȻķƽ֪ΪʲôķʱޱȴܵһִδйĿ־塣
־һʱ׹ߣ޷ٿڷ
ʲôˣȻ޲TǷ
ǡڴʱջڴһΪϵ
ͬʱһɺķȻͬϢӴɢֱӽУɾжķϢ˵Ӱ졣
Ϣĳ֣ķıʱ
ţһɫӴӿջע⵽˿ջſڴһصѪ֮󣬽üһ
壡ɳˣ죡СɱˣȻҶҵ˳֣ɱ˲ҵĲ£ڣ
ԭķסȻŤͷڿ˺ʱ˻ϲɫ
һָķǷߺ޵˵꣬űٴŤͷҶȻɫе˵ŮĵøҪظúõЩӡô꣬ûмߵŮˣ
ӽüͷչһЩŲķϣˣ޲Tǣ£ɱˣΥǹ棬ԼһȥоҪҶִȥ
ǰνٳȣûɱѾǸˣô˼ȫҵϣ޲TǣѲɱ𣿡
ķӣ˵
ȫͷŵ״̬űʵĲͬ
ΪڡСĸ֪УֵӣߵĲΣ
ȻӦòǸƷߣ󾳽ϵľѹƣѾ㹻ķɳصѹˡ
û޲TǣҾ죡˵Ļûκ˿ԷԣҿŮˣ㲻ԹԵĽŮøңǱĴ
ƺΪ˿ɽ»ָŵ棬ڷűķסг裬Դֱ֮˺޹˼ɵĳ̶ȡ
ɫ΢䣬վûп˵ЩʲôֻŤͷ˿ܣΧЩԽԽΧ˽ɫɵñѿࡣ
ȻܰѲҪ˵ֱ׳Ȼˣ޻˵ͨǾΨпȭͷ˵ˣ
ķ˵ţ̤ǰһҶȻͻֱӡ
Է߼ǿߣķҲһս֮²Ƕ֣ǿԵġ
ֻǶԷ̫ǲԷµ̵ӡķҲ졣
ȻԷˣǱɱʹˣ˵ֻҪǣôʲôƱҪԷ׵ļǺϣֺαؼã
ķ̤ǰһڵɱҲʼͷţ˶ʱһֱӵ˵ǰ


766 Ⱥ鼤
ˣ嶯¿Ǵɣ޲Tǣڵĵ̣ÿͻĺ
ķǾ˵ϢʵЩ㵡
ʵķĸо̫Щϣܹӵʵ䱳Ŵ֧ţ
츳ǷŵʮһҲһĵĴڣһǸڣͬұһҪ
˵ڻ鷳ֻΪŮ˵⣬ǿУںһѷɫڶٵôƺû塣
Ҫǣ˷֣ķڵϢӿȻоһ˿ΣյϢ
ߵľ磬ֻһƷߣʥͽȻоΣգʵЩ׼ķͷ
˵ôʢˡ
Ц֪ڵĵ̣ǣľ棬ɵģɵģҪͻˣҲңǸ׳գʿɱ裡Ǹ׳ѹ£ѵҾӦú޷Ϊƾʲô
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ܲûнȫɱ¶ֳֻЩϢѾ㹻ΧЩΪΧȺо֣ɵ÷׷׺ˣܿе˳һķϰ׵ľ޴տش
Ͼ޲TǵĹ㳡ͷܶĦ࣬ȺΧſֵ˿ʼȥ㳡˶ܵӰ졣
ԽԽע⵽飬ЩԵ˿ʼ´˴ӿʼڿֵЩͼӴ׵һʱ䵹ЩȺ鼤ܵģ
ָĶӻӵڶ
Ȼƽʱ޲TڷˣҲ֪˼ǺģֻƽʱԺյݣֻĵס
ʱ˿̣ͻȻ俴һͶԷӲˣټΧ˳ӿԷжϵĳ˭Щ˵ĵһӾʹ
Щ˴ͷ˵ĵӲɵҲϲڵǺױΪһγһЩĪ
Χ̼죬һȫںӵķҲɵ΢΢һϣϸ˳Цݣ˵޲TڻİҪĭľ磬Ҳʵһ׵ء
˵ɫڳ˹ףʱۼŵ㳡֮ϵˣһ붼ߣ˾죬·ÿһ˶ڽȴܽнȫɱ
޲Tǵͳߣʮ֮һð֮󲻻飬ɲȥ
࡭ͽ伸Ϊ֮ˣ
ˣҪսҵģѵĴΪһŮˣͺڽ񲻳ɣ֮£дȣŮˣҪ¡ֻҪͬ⽫Ů£ôºҿԴڣ㹻Ĳ
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ķչֳ츳һʱҲİ̫˽ԼλүƢ
֪ǲǹĻλү϶ưոݡ
λүɴûνĴֹۺ͵˵һȫƾԼϲã´ԴЩүӻ
ֻԼڶĳϣܹЩȫƽѡ
ǿ߼
ķŭЦ˫Ŀ΢ǲӦأ
ϸǿǣ㱳ǿ֧֣ǿҲܱڸǿ˭ȭͷӲ˭ǵѡ񣬲ǡ
˵һ˿ı飬ƺû뵽ķ˵Ĺִ
壡ϻʲôɱˣǸŮ˸ȺˣȻңȫɱˣȫɱˣˣ֪޲T˭ĳ𣡡
˱ƺ޷֮ԴϵĽ棬̲סе
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ԭĽ˶תĺɱ
ΧյӰ£˫ۿʼó죬Ȼǳ޵ļ£ԼĴ̼£Ѿ˽ҪɥʧǵıԵ
˵Ϻĳһ˿ŵɫôҲû뵽һûʲôͬѹ¼ȻᷢչȺ鼤ܵĳ̶ȡ
зɲǣԭһֱϽķȴǺȻˣ
֮䱾ͽߣķȻǰ壬˸κηӦͿһ˶ȭͷѾǰȫ߷Χ


767 ߳
磡
鼱֮£ֻü̧ұۣæĵԼǰȻ㱻ķһȭʵʵĴ˸첲ϣ
ֻһɿֲͷ֮ͣȫ˶ʥͽļޣ
µĶսĳ˳ɳȥˡ
һ̶ϵжãʹܵѹ͡
ܿȽǱսĹ̵УӮõĽ˭ں̣
ȴһ
ڲҰ⣡Ҳǿһˣ
Ϊж˳ɣô׵ģǱӣ
ĳ˲ֱӽײҲ˵
ԾٱΪ˱ӣȴ˫ĶԭأһӲسȫ
˹ķڷ£ºһȻżûκͣٵٴγ˷˹
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ҲҿֻһƷߣķҲѡ潻սԷһƷߵĻķֱҶȻˡ
ڽµĳԹʵ֮Ҳˡ
ȻֻһƷߵľ磬ʥͽ֮ķֱԼʵı仯˲ҲŽʥͽ˾޴ת䡣
ƫƫӽ뵽һ·ϣûһɿһսǿУǰˣǸպ÷ķҪ
ķԼҲ֪ڵʵﵽĳ̶ȣ
ķϣȫ˼Ǽһ䣬Եļʥͽ뿪ȻȫĵĽעͶע˺ķս֮У
Դ˳ɹͻƳΪ⻹ǵһʥͽʱ򣬻о֮ѹ
˲һ
ջ֮⣬Χ㳡ϵ˳ԶճһƬյ֮ϣ˴˱ȫⲫ״̬սһ
ڵϢȫκӿײţ㳡֮ϡ
˫ֻű˴ˣɢȥϢ˻ڳܵģѾ̫̫ࡣ
ǹ㳡Χ۵˳ȴɸоЩܲסֲϢɢһµͬʱȽһЩѾʼֺѵ
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Щﵽ˳ʥֻһŵˣܹĹۿһսпǲҲ˵
磡
ȭȭڶȴԽԽľͻƳΪ֮ûԼȻᱻһʥͽƵǱ֮սֱƾУ
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ҶȻѾŻ˵ЩΧ˳ǰأķ˵ļսϺ޲
ӣڼʥͽĻ£ȴû˵ģ뿪վڿջǰСУͣߺš
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䣡
ķһκ޻ڵĶȭķȭͷؿϣ˵ȭͷǺķļϣ
ŵŵţ
ķɫͻȻ԰ȥ조ۡһ³һѪ
˺еļֱȥŵĸ첲Ҳš
ȻһȭѾķ÷飡
۱ķһȭؿڴˣ˿վԭأɫҲûжٱ仯˱⣬һȭԺ£ƺûгʲô
ɵƯ壬ɱɱСӣȻҶҳԲѷҲԼмＸ
վڿջǰһеľƺʱ˷ܵĴе
ȴûжһֱķʥͽľҴ˵漣ҲΪ֪һģӸղŵĽУҾȻûпؼ
û°ɣ
ҶȻŻķԣʵ
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ķߣͬҶȻ˵
սĹ̲⣬ȴѾǴﵽĿء
ͬ˵һķףҪҲͬǰԽսƺ
ȻˣǾȳɣѰ£ͷ˵
ҶȻסķû˵ֻ֣˵
ķ˵ͷ
Ȼûķ΢䣬Ϊ˻ҪǿϢͻأĳСĸ֪ΧУ
ķȻ̧ͷȻ㿴ĵӰٶȹĲͣҶȻϷ
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768 һ
󲮣壡壡壡Ҳ̫ˣСӻô죡޲TǣȻΥҵ־ʵǵ죡
ͻأĳ˹㳡ϿգվڿջſڵӲɵôϲ
ԭȺ鼤ܣͣüӺͳЩҲ̼ʧ١
㳡һӱ뵽˼ȵľ֮Уֻŵصÿһ˵Ķԡ
Ȼֵĸ޲TƼأڽ˸࣬Ͱѹ㳡ϵȫŵ
ҸᣬԼԸܡڣԭ£ҲѾˡ
˳ƺΪɫһ󳱺󣬺ָֻܿ˹߳ɫ˵
ΧˣǲӦøо
ķͷǺֵߣԳ
˵ͬʱͨСǺֵ߽һϸжϺ͸֪
Էѡλǳнͣڿеĸλãټ϶ˣ֣ԷķҶȻܵ·ߡ
ˣķҲľִУҪѰҵĵ㣬ܲͻȻ£ҶȻΧȦ
Ͼ֮ǰֻʩչɢֵļɣƴʩչĻҲûϣ
ֻһʩչô㳡Ȼɾ޴ƻֻˣķȴҲ˲ôˡ
ȷʵӦøеԴֵܳûֶԸ粻ǵˣ㵹ǿһȺӡСӣǾ仰Ŀɽ˭ӵıҲܱڸǿǺǼˡǼҲԸڽ񣡡
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ģҲ̫һȵ׸㱳˭پδ㡣Ůˡӽ쿪ʼͲŮˡ
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ͬķսҲһЩˣ⡣
˴֮ͥ£ߵľ磬ͬһʥͽ֣Ȼ޷γɾԵѹƣ󣬿ҪΪ޲TǵЦˡ
壡ɱˣôϻбڻ˲ɣ޲TǣҾͲˣ޲TǣҰڲƽ£
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˺ͣŵͬʱüӵƢ˵ǲû˶˵ʲôֻǶķϢӿʱпܳ֡
ķҲϢĬĬԤУҪֳΧȦĻǴ˭λóȥȽϺá
㳡ϵľһʱЩأЩһӡ
۳˫֮ҪͻһЦȴͻأĴӹ㳡⴫
ţֲϢѹȻ㳡ķһϸһ˿ϲɫ
ΪɿֲϢģ
ôĿǰôû˵ʢˣҵҲѹ
һЦһӰ˹㳡Ͽգͣͷϴ׵ĸ߶ϡ
һۣ˫ֱȻֻɢЩϢѾ㹻ѹȫǺˣ
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ͬʱһе
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ңǵɫúְźͷ·µһģȥˣղҺ˵޲Tǣûǰڲƽ£ܺãˣƽҰɣ
˵ţѾٿͣ״̬½ķԣķҶȻЦЦĶ༤
ֻΧߣȴȫûа˷
⡭ʥˡСЩᡭ
ȷӦķˡ
ۿķԣƫƫķֳ֮ӣֲǳ֮ģƽһ㣬˴һʱЩңܵı㿪ڷ
᣿ٺ٣ڰҵɵӲɣƵǵ˰ɣλֵٰܰãѾǸӣû뵽ھȻģҪλֵܽԼӽȥ裬ʵҴ۽簡
ҡͷʧЦ˵Ȼ˫һɣ˵ҲȻ䱬˳ŭôĵӣȥ۸ˣҪոˣȻ۸ͷˣðٱǸϻ쵰飬ҪǲһֵĽӡ͸һ


769 Ҫ
Ӿ͸һ
仰Լŭ⣬ʥεй£޲TǵķΧŭ
㳡ϾۼŵȺԵĿֻ꣬ǸоЩ֮⣬ûʲôĸӰ죬֮еߣԼķǰȴŭУɫ죬Ȼȫ³һѪ
ֻһŭ߱оڵʥ·Ҫֱɢһ㡣
ʥκ߲֮Ĳ࡭Զͬʥͽ֮Ĳö࣡
ʥˣȷʵ֪λСֵܾȻˣǰ֪ĻҲĻ롣ڴʥܹһһĴ𸴡
ʽǿͻȻ֮ǿ֮ȫߵվķǰ˵ҲԥıֱӷǵģںΧ㳡ϻô˳ڹע
ȴֻһôˣŤͷķȻǴ㿴ķ̬ȡ
ȷʵס޲TļõĿջ֮һ棬ȴǽ⴦㳡ϵҿջ
ס˾㳡һξһ㳡ϵĿջ֮ڡ
㳡Ҳ޲Tƽʱмֻڻʱõĵط
ԭֻԼסķﾲޣʮһλʥһ̸еûˣʥȴűʵĲͬ
ǹ¼ҹˣû㹻ҲʵǿԼ˵Ļô̸֮ж˵ûκ塣
һڻһĻᣬˣҲֻź̫
Щܰ״̬ҲȶǰһİţܷãҪȡķܼܲʱĽ
̫ȻҲͲᱧ̫
ر̸еһٽҲҪȫˣֻڽ̸УΪԼȡһôõͷʲô̲š
ȴû뵽ʱȻ֪ķϢ
Ϣ
ֻķϢΧͬ˼߲εϢϸףȻķǳʱĽ򣬲ҷǳʱĵõǰźõЩϢȻʱĸϵ޲Tǣ
Ȼ֪ʲôԭ򣬺ͼ߼ǿ˳ͻ˵̸ֻܹʣ¼ʱ﷢ķĵǴĺϢ
ķ߼ǿͻ⻹ˣ
򣬱˵ˣʥҲûԸȥ
ΪģֻΪʥǼҴҵģҪ˼ɵĶֻ̫࣬ôһλʥϵĹһ
ŵĲ´ЬģǾ仰˵ǰ㣬ȥ۸ˣ˾ѾҪոˣȻ˸۸ˣ
ֱ֪ôд
ղǺô˵İ
ķԼСĴָͶ䣬ȴǰڳһƣģ
ӣֻŤͷԼķ˼
֣
֮УûǲĴڣ
һķı仯㿩һˣ
Ϊķʱֳı飬ȫǲĻ쵰һģһ
òᡭҲǸɣ
ȷʵһķҪβԸԭǵĹʧΣ
˵̬ڵĸ͡
ԭͣڰյеҲ׷䣬վ˵࣬ѹ£ҳһڡ
ԭޱȽӣʱ˿̶˵û˷ŵֺ
ֻǻˣֲɵȻʲôǵ𡭡ʲôǲ𡭡
첲ˡ
ķָָԼΪ˽ֶϵļޱ˵
Ҫ˵ҲȻи鵤ҩ࣬׼ǸռָܹʱȫƵĵҩҲࡣ
˵ɱǱ̬ȡ
΢һԥͻȻ̧֣ɾһԼһϣ
꣡
ƺһֱӽԼһҲ÷飬ķƻҪصöࡣ
۸ôһʥͽֻһҳͽ䣬ͦ
ķЦһ˵
ɫ΢䣬ܵҪ˵Щʲôǵǿǳ˺ʱȴֲǳ鴤£ҧҧȻҲ˺ͬľٶ
û취Ϊ˱ܶණҪ硭档
˿ҵӣҪᣬ˵ҲǱǿԱܹΪΪһССһ
ķɫûκα仯ˣ˵ȻˣұӵеǿǵۣұԶΪΪǲô
ȻѯʣķûȥǼ߻ش
ֱֳ֮һָڵôĻҪⳡҲ򵥣Ҫ


770 ͽ

ķ䣬㳡һƬȻߵɫҲ˲佩Ӳ
ڶ˫һɫ֮һƬɷס
ǺǣǷʲô飬Ȼ˻ʥ
㳡֮ͻȻһ
ƺԶһʱ򣬷·ǴԶǵһµʱѾͬ㳡һˡ
ȫʶ˳̧ͷȥѾѹĴ߱ͬʱ¶ϲɫ
ŵӸ˲»ָ˻
ףҰ
㲻ҲЩȻĳֺķı̬ǰŵĹǺ
һͻȻڹ㳡Ͽյģֻˣһ˱˫֣һۣϴһߣȫʲôӣʱı顣
ɢϢȴܹͥ
һǹӵ۹۱Ǳǹģܴ
ӱǳܴںУֻ˺󣬳۽ǳ鶯⣬ûκķӦ
ŤͷһۣȻ䵭˵֪УԽԽˣƽʱҲͰˣʮһλʥ޲Tǣϲǣ˿ڵЦ
߻һæѵǣͰȥϼӹ̣ܽ㲻ţ
˵ɣֵҪ˵ȥʹȥҶûӣ
һ̧ͷУǲˬļ˵˵°ԵϲСҹȥΪֻҥڿȫʵҪ۸˭ǵ飬۸ֵܵͷϣǾҺܲˡôԺ󣬻Ŵ»СС»ˣô˵𣿡
Ǻǣʥˣŵ˭ָ۸أ˵ˣʮ﹫һĽ칬Ҳο϶һᣬҵȷʵλ˻ֵܣǼӣҲǵġ
кǺЦ
ٱ䣬˵Щûõģֱ˵ôɣҲˣñ˵ԴСĵãڵ˶Ҵ⣬һԺɾͱĺˣ
˵
ǵڷźݻڵ⼸ȴûκһҲӡ
Ƣǳģ˼ɵĻˡ
ֻҪҰǳŲ㵽ʲôɱ˵
˸ѰǾͼɱɱûٸΪֹ
ƫƫʵʵ㹻ǿᣬΪʥ֮һʥǿȴҲǿޣսʤ֮ԣҪǳ˵ˡ
ЩĶ϶һʶǱǰһ˭˭ù
˿ӵķźݻоҲЩѿȻΡ
ŵӣ͸Ӳˡ
ʥô£ҲͲˡ϶ߵĴΪȻҲԸΪԼ֮˵ĹʧвֻǡҪҪʵǹЩ뻻һҪ󡣡
һ˵ţһߴ߻½䵽ǰ
滺ǳϿҡ
֮ҪӣӱûκιϵȫǳŵĿǡ
Ϊһ֮Ҫӵ㹻̾Ǳر
ӲŲЩ滰ҲֵûҾûҪСӵٺ٣ٱԺÿʱÿ̶С߱Ļ׼øʬˣ
˵
һ̲ס˶٣ȻŤͷķ
ͨСķܹĸ֪жĺ档
Ȼ޷⣬Ϊʲôͬôһͨʥͽֵܡ
СֵܣΣΪԴҲͬΪһ֮ע˲ԼڵˣôȥΪ֮Сֵ⡣ȻԸΪ˸ֲۣǵĹʧСֵܵԭ£һϵȰ㿴Σ
벻ͨΪʲôķֵܣвûнɻֳɱĳϿº͡
ϵȰ
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㳡֮ĵ
֮Уʥͽֻܹӵͭ
ݲβͬʹõͭҲȵĲ
ֻЩĴʥͽпʥͽľӵа
һЩʥͽڴﵽ۷ʥͽľʱֻʹµȻеͭټ
ȼһ˰߲εıˡ
ΣҲãҲã֮УҲ뵽ϡȱķ롣
ϵȰϱֻиƷ۷ε߲ܹӵˣ
ȽϵȰѾֱӱĶ֮ˣ
Ե˵һͽ㳡ϵ˳ȫ뵽˾ŵУ


771 
ڲʮ֮һΪŵ棬Ը⸶һϵȰӡֵǮ
ķЩп˵
СֵܼЦˣһϵȰҪǴڵĳ⣬ͬʱҲϣܹͬСֵܽѡֻҪСֵܴӦͽ⣬׷£ôھͿԿڵı⣬ʱõϵȰȫչָСֵܣСֵѡһϲģСֵΪΣ
º͵˵
͸ˡ
Ȼ˵ȼԽߣҲԽ󣬵ĳЩ£ǵȼߵȵȼ͵мֵ
ƷߣΪЧһƼӶΪҲûС
Է˵ҪķһϵȰΪ󣬹㳡ϵǱŵˣűŻ᲻ҲǴķһô󡢿Ʒ
˵ķԼѡһĻ뷨ҲֱӶɱһʱ䣬㳡ϵ˿ķѾ˼ʵɫ
һЩΪʲô֮ǰԼŮ鱻ڵ˿ˣ
һŮ˱㻻һϵȰɵӲŲ
ģĿãġҲޡ
ӦȽϺãٱʥҪӵˣֻΪĻҲԲǰǸС쵰׬һϵȰȻ죬Űٱ䲻עĹȥ͵͵ɱǸС쵰ٱ֪ˣҲ˵ʲô
վķԵߣķĶ䡣
ķͷ΢ȴǲɫؿڵٱʥˣðһ䣬𣿡
ٱʥ΢΢һ㶣ʶĵ˵ͷ
Ϊվ۷ˣʥȻȱŮˣϳ⣬ʥҲһ̶ңڲж٣Ͳö֪ˡ
ȻҲӣһ䣬ӵֱ˵ϷҪǿȥ裬ºԷǲҪһϵȰΪӦǲӦ
ķһ΢Цʵ
ֻķ⻰ʳڣ㳡֮ٴ뵽ͻأļžС
ȫ𾪵ؿķȫû뵽ķȻ̬ͬһʥ˵
ٱʥΪߵԵʣûܹɫɴɢϢ仯жϣȻķⷬѯʣҲЩŭˡ
ʲôҲҺȣ
ڰٱʥһǰŭ
磬ֵȴʲôǵͬҲֻʲô⡭𣿡
ķֻƳһֱۣŤͷ
ȫû뵽ķôһ䣬º󣬸æȻ̣ʲô˼˵ұȲǰٱʥٱȥ֣սٻغϣ
ȻӦܿ죬վû׼ʹĲǺܸɴ࣬ڵӲЩݼķӼ
ĽӲݼγһصӾЧù㳡ЩΧ۵˳Ȼ䶼ڵΪЦ
һϵȰѾֳҵĳˣ˲ʶ̧٣ʨӴ󿪿ڵĻ浱𣿡
ٱʥԭº͵Щ

ظһ飬űɭȻһЦڵٱ䣬ǺҵǾֵ˵û㣬һϵȰܰƽ𣿻ֵܺ㲻һεģܺᲢֵۣܣֵܾͬһѵҲûкᲢ۵ʸ𣿡
ķûаܶԷĺͽ⣬ȴû˲㲻
ֻǽ飬ѡȨ;ȨķУվΨһĿľǸķѡ
Цô˵Ҹ˵ҵֵܣҲܹʥƽƽ𣿡
ٱʥЩ
㰮˭˭ȥƨ£ķֵܣκҪ۸ֵܣ۸ңȻʵۺҪѹˣǾơʵ൱Ҳٺ٣֮Ҳ֤ڻ᲻ῪʼĪʧ١
һɭȻ˵꣬һķļֵܣߣû꣬ˣԺеǻ㣡
ķνʼ磬ҶȻ֣Ҫͬһȥ
ʼգҶȻû˵һλʼⳡͻԭ֮⣬ҶȻ¼ͬһ㣬ʼհվķԡ
ҲķҶȻĬܹۣͻǲ۵ĺãӶ˿͸ˣҪͻȻϮ
ۿҪķҶȻ뿪漴뵽ɢľ棬ٱʥ̲סŭ


772 װ
ܼ򵥣ǲ׷Ҳû⡣ѡҪôǸ쵰ҵɱ¾ҹ
ķͣתĶһָ˵
ⲻܣ
ٱʥԥҡͷܾ
Ҫôóһ׵ϵȰסװҲҪǶ˵ûκ塣
ķ˵
㳡ϵЩ˳ٴ뵽Ŀĵز
װϵȣ
ʲôЦΪʮֲεıҲжٰɣ²֪ȷԲᳬף
Ϊʮһܹӵаװﵽλϵģֻйϵĵһ칬
ǻµȺеȰװӶ࣡
˶֪ĳʶ
ܣϵȵİװʲôΣκһϵȰװĳ֣ܹʮ֮䷢սĴڣôܸ㣡
ٱʥŭˡ
ΣٱʥˣҪǶҲҪѰͽĿܣȻˣǾӦóҸѡ£ԥȥܾ
ķƽ˵
Űٱʥͷ΢ƺҪ˵ķȴûڵĻᣬֱָĮļֻѡҲıԼ⣬˵ٶ࣬Ҳֻ˷ʱˡΨһҪģǸľҪôʽѡһҪôҺֹıȻԶԴ֮Աǣڣľ
ķȻûκ֮ǰڰٱʥأڳ˺Ͱٱʥȫȵ̬
ⷬһ˵꣬㳡֮һƬţЩ˳ֻԹߣһϷеĹڣʱ˿̣ȴÿһ˶оЩѹֲסļ
۰ٱʥѡ񣬽һĻעһӲǡ
ʵ̫ǿӲˣ
ߵڵûܿٱʥı仯ǴӰٱʥ΢΢ŵ壬ͽɿٽաɿǷ˫ȭϣ˶ܲµõٱʥʱжôķŭ
ھŬȥѹԼķŭ
ԴӳΪʥû˸̬ͬ˵
ֱӵв
Ȼ˸вһλʥ𣿣
ԭӵһӴӦƣڣȴ˾Եƣ
ǹ˼ţٱʥ˵ľᣬû
Ĭһ󣬰ٱʥ˿ȻãһϵȰװΪŵǸ
ʹ죬Ȼг⣬ϵȰװֹ֮һĵĿռУֿռأֻڰٱʥϰɣȻٱʥӦ˺ͽǲھͰװóҲù㳡ϵ˿۽磬һϵȰװʲôӵġϾˣһӶֵεıɡ
ķ˫һģ΢Цſ˵
ٱʥЩƹˤӣķҪҲּۻֱۣӴԼĿռóһϵȰװ
Ȼֳķȥ
һԵķǰֽӹװʥעУϸļһȷû֮Űװݸķ
ķУȴβסĳԾ
ȷʵû뵽ķȻܹթŵĲ
ûթʻ⣬ʵ벻ͨбʲôʻܹķĳɹˡ
ҲˣǾȳˣյ飬ڼˡ
ٱʥ˵꣬ȻһҲˣն𣬼ٵĳųķȥ
߼״æ׵ӣȻҲųķȥ
״ٺһЦʾķҶȻԼȻתԼסĿջȥ
ܿ죬ͻ˫ȫ뿪˹㳡㳡֮ϵ˳ȴȻԸɢȥÿһ˶ں˽ţԼĿԼ˼ԵİҲȫȻˡ
һͻȻһϵȵİװ
⾿˵ڲƴֺã˵йŵĺã
㳡뵽޾ۺ˷ܵеʱķҶȻҲѾסĿջ䡣
ܿȻҿջõġΪ׼䡣
۳軹ǷڲĽṹǳݻ
ոս˷䣬˷֮һ̾˵û뵽ٱӦҪǰװȻƽʵԺʵֵ˵ϵȵİװԲڵĻƽ뵽Ŀǰ֮г˽칬⣬κӵлƽװϵȵİװѾװļޣٱӦҪʵǲ˼顣
ķʼ磬ԹԵĸԼ˱ˮЦе˵ҪǶʮ㣬ðգȻֻܴӦҵҪ󡣡


773 ҪĶ
ʱҲǳҪƽʱĻεĹ˼ҷ裬ٱҲԲӦôŵҪӶ˵ȻҪôҪҲܱȵҪĳ롣ٹʱ䣬ʮһλʥֵӣҹưٱǲϣ֮ǰ̫Ԥ֮״ô˵׬ˣ
ٺЦ
׬׬ĵǲҪֻǲʹˡǸ׳ռһҪ⼸ǱȽϽŵĻһʱ䡣
ķһ˵ţһ߽һװװݸҶȻ
˰ĲΣ߱Ѿ߱㹻չԡ
۵õΣͬʹߵͷ仯ʹ֮ޱȺ
װҲˡ
֮װҪڲ⣬ҪĿģǸҶȻһװ
ܹӵһϵȵİװҶȻʵõ
ģҲŵģȷʵҪȼʱ䡣ȻңôӦѾȥ³ˣҲӦ˽Ĳ˰ɣ
˷ڵϣЦ˵
˿൱ķɣȻķļʱϵܺá
ֻ˽һţֻ֪ɭ޹Χڴνռ䣬ռֻھƷʥͽεǿ߽룬桭˿ܴڵİ׻װ⣬ӦûǳҪĶ
ķԼ֪򵥵˵һ顣
ûص㣬ռȫ֮Ŀռ䣬԰һܹеĿռռѾȫԺƽУ˴ûиߵ֮֡
ϵı˵֮ռӣ׻װֻ֮һҪԭܴܿʵ֮
ʵ֮ʲô
ķ΢΢üҶȻҲ˺ı顣
޷ͣΪʵ֮ǲĴڣܰٷ֮ٵȷϡ֮Իص֪ȫΪϹģʥйصϢЩ֧ļأʵ֮ʥͻƳΪʥʵĹؼ
׳һذը
ԭˡѹֻʥȫۼҲ˵ʵ֮ôʮһλʥ˭ܹʵ֮˭пܳΪһ޶ʥʣ
ķȻ
ˣǵ֮ǰ˵ģǻ𣿡
ķһܾ֮ǰĻ⡣
ţķı仯ٺһЦûķش𣬾ͽ˵Ѿͨˣ˵ǻģʲô˼ʵ֮һҪñǣܹ㳹׵Ŀ硭ʲôģȻһжֻ׼أΪŶȼߡԣʵ֮һҪõ
ķ΢΢ſգգ۾Щ𾪡
ԭԼġǶԵģ
֪ԼǻģҪԼеĹؽڣ
˵Ļһ̫Щ
ʵ֮ʲôӣҽռôȷϣ
һķʵ
Ҳ
ҡҡͷ˵йʵ֮ͬ˵Ҳûļʵ֮׳ʲôӡһȷǾйʵ֮׼ضἰ㿴ʵ֮һ̣ͻףʵ֮ûԭҲûе
ô
ô
ǿ϶
ռûҵʵ֮أ
Ǿɷˣ˵ʵ֮⣬ĶûκμֵʥװҵҲޡͻʥʵľ磬ôʥװñֻսѣҲϰҸԼȭͷʵϣҲʥʵУΨһûлƽѹˡ
ʼ磬ν˵
ԡʥҲûлƽ
ķЦʵ
ǵûУķ¥ϾһӴһֱŲκԭʼվܵıֳȻ״̬һǿһĳ̶ȣܶɼû㹻ǿΪ֧ţֻɱеķ⡣ԡʥݳʱлƽġ
ڽ͵
ðɣôڽռʱҪ֮ʥһֵʱ
ûû֮ǰûпŵùͬʱʵҲ㹻ѡԭϲĻұֱӷͨռݵȥͬ˻ȡһЩôȻʱˣȻ˶Ρ
˵ͷ˵⣬ûа취κν顣ռ䣬ʵ֮е˽ⶼֻڲȱȫף˽ⲻжİпܶ󵼡ԣȵռ֮СһоͶҪԼˡ
ã㲻˽⣬ζűҲ˽⣬Ҷͬһϣ˵һơ
ķһݵЦ


774 ͷ
ʱ˿̣޲Tǵĳ鷿ڣߵİٱʥ鷿ǰϡ
֮⣬ڻа޲Tڵ߼ǿԼǳ¶˵ˡ
ֻ˰ٱʥ⣬ȫʵʵվţü˳ĿҲҴһڡ
ˣѾû֮ǰڹ㳡ϵŰ裬ɪӣĶԼ׵
鷿һƬֺֻаٱʥһַֻϣָͣû춯
춯鷿˵Ķȴÿһ˵ͷһһġ
ѹ֮ʹǼ߼ǿ߶Щ̲סнƵġ
ٱʥڣû˸˵鷿е쳣أҲû˭һ
ֹãڼ˶ЩҪܲסʱ򣬰ٱʥڿ˿ڡ
֪Ǹ˵Ϊʲô˵ά
⡭ˣǶûмǸˣҲû˵ʥһϵеνֵܡ
һ߿˵
ˣ˵᲻ǻʥ۷ʵǸҲû̫Ĺϵֻǣ̸֮УʥʼҲҲһʵѡŻнյľٶ
һ̽˵
һĿܣǿԲԸҺ˽⣬˴״пƵ飬ƢмڡȻ˵ǸֵܣôǸ˾һֵܡȻǶȥڵķ¥ѯһ£ķ¥֪֪
ٱʥڰŵ
һ߸æӦһȻ㾶ֱ뿪鷿
֪飬Ǹ˽֣ʵΣ
ȵ뿪֮󣬰ٱʥŤͷ֮ǰķֵˣʵ
ǿԶǿ󡣡
˺Ǹп˵ôһ䣬Ȼ˶٣ƺԺлͬķ֮ս̡
ȻŽ˵Ӿ˵ӦǾƷʥͽĲΣ廹ʥƻѾԺȡȻҲսվһ󾳽磬£ܹһ㡭ǳ£
ƷʥͽܹͻкһƷ߽档һڲ͵ҩ֮£ʵѾѡǼҪ뵽ռͽ˰ɡ
ٱʥƽ˵
пܸǿΪΪܸоƺûʩչȫжϷǳƣԼĸо
˳º󣬿˵
ټϽߵϵȰװܹӳʵս¿ԺƷƷȡֳ̬ȣȻ֮Э̣˱ĴǵڡװһǿС
ٱʥûӵĶͣٴεͷ
˭óٱʥڵ鲻ã˵Ǻܲʱ˭㣬һùͷ֪ᷢʲô顣
ϾһֱٱʥԺƢƵġ
֪УֵܸҶˣ
Ĭ˰κ󣬰ٱʥȻʵ
޲Tһ⣬Ƿˣʮˡ
ʮˡһ۾ȻѾȥôã뵱ǸʶʱǻֻǸոճΪʥͽҲͣھƷߵĲ޷˵һȴûİǷ񡭡ҲΪĶ֮һԺЩƵʥ࿹⣬룬ʵЩꡣ
ٱʥ˵
޲TȷʵԽͻȻʼ䣬ɲʲô
Ҳɫ΢΢ףֻһЩãȻ
֮ǰڹ㳡Ϸ飬ûǰһ֮УҲսΪߣֱͻһ㶼μӡ
ֻǴʱ˿̣Ϊһ壬ٱʥҲ˹ĿǰǺϸ֪ʲô
ӵҲţֻһֱΪ˹˼Ƕ֣ԼڵĵλԴδ˵޲TǶǷǳҪһǳأʵݲú֡ڹ㳡Ҳˣÿһ˿ǵ񣬶˳޺Ϳ־Ъ˹Ŀ⣬Σա
ٱʥ޲T޲ļ˵Ϊ飬ܹԴӶ޲TںаԵȴ˸ѣΪʥʱ̫ãѾʧȥ˸еľġĸִһɲģЩУǻ᲻ϵӿֳǶΪ֮̾šĶ޷ȥĪĸ϶Ժĵˣ˭Ҳ޷ȷ
ˡҡҾôһӣٸһᣡұ֤ԺΪˡ
޲T˿ĭЩѵ˵
ҵȻɱΪ棬һϵȰװȥˡʱҪɱҪΪϵȰװܰ׸ǵͷϰɣġȵ֮˵
ٱʥ˾
޲Tϸ˱ȿ޻ѿЦݣѵĴӦһ


775 ʥ
ʱܿȥٱʥ֮ĳͻҲʱѸٵĴ޲Tǡ
֮һߵı˶ķ֧֣Ȼķ׵һϵȰװܹڵ˳ԱҲʵо⡣
ȻסЩס޲Tڵʥ
ֻٽĴ£ʥΪһȫܵڱųĬ˿鷢κ
Ϊ֮һķȴʱҶȻúõĹ˹޲Tǣ䵱򵼣Ȼ޲Tǵ˽ҲԣԻʥݣ·չ鲻κѶȡ
ĳǳأĳǳҪ˼Ķࡣ
ʱķҶȻ൱ġ
ҲŽԼ֪ԼķҶȻҪעϸĽһ顣
ʱúܿ죬·ֻգ۵Ĺ򣬱㵽ʥǻԼӡ
һ磬ķҶȻӴ𣬼򵥵ϴһ󣬺һҹδ˯һ˿ջ
֮û˯ţҪһϵʱ䣬Լľȫ۷ĲΡ
˴̸Ув˶ʥˮ׼˿⡣
ʱĳţ޲Tǵĳٴǰˮﲻĳ˹Ϊά򣬽ֻΪ˱ׯغ¡
ͬʱҲΪչʾڵľ
סڳڵİٱʥԳӭʮλʥǲ粻ͬʱִ
ʮ˳ĸǰڳļ£ΧѾһƬտûκһͨ޲TǾܹС
Ȼʥڣȫκ⣬Ȼһ߹Ļ̸ôʽϵȻҲҪƾ
ҪΪЦ
ǰǿռ˸˰һϵȰװҶ̲סĶû뵽ٱȻľΪڵ˳˵ʵҺܳԾ
еʥεȻڳǰһ
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ʥһǰˣǴĳμĸվţ˴˻֮˵شţԶʥǴһĸоôг
Ҳ
Ĵһʱ򣬻֮Ҫעŷȡ
Ѿվ۷壬ܲǰʥͽʱôâ
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ʥڣʥʱȫ죬Ȼʥʥ֮УԶͬõ
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ķҶȻȻǳͻ˱Żֵޱȵ͵ûκ˵ע⡣
ڣҲǵȵ˶ȥԺĥ˽ȥ
ʥһ·ǰУȻֻҪá
˲࣬ŵʮλʥһֻ˲ʮˡ
һ˳ãƽʱǾûĵط޲TǵĳԼڵЩһЩ飬廨ţ漰޲TǺڷĶ
ʱѾǰںΣʮһλʥΧһԲε
ʥǴǼʮˣΧԶԼʥ
ʮڵ̴վõĽ䣬ʱ׼Žз
ⳡĹɸߵףյǲνš
ʮһʥΧһԲϣÿһ˶ĲôΪ̱ӵߣٱʥȻȻıҪ䵱һֻĽɫ
ˡءġ⣬˶Ѿ룬ءμƵĻ飬Ҳκκͬйصķ¥ϰһϱһҶԡءġ񡯡Ѿڡ𡯵ϣ˿ʥȫ룬Ȼˣ㿪ʼɡ
ٱʥվֵ
Űٱʥ£˾ʥһʥʱݺݵصһۡ
ʮУΨһӵʥ
ҲƣΪʮΨһܹͽ칬࿹Ĵڡ
˵ɺܲƽ⣬ɱȻ˾ʥһʥ֮ǣʥ˵ȴʵһֵص飡


776 ƨ£
칬Ҫ
ۿʥǻ֮䶼ûʲôҪȿڵ˼ͨʥ˵
ʥʱȫɫ֮俴˿󣬻Ϊݵʥڵͨ죬ռǶһֻʮͬʱܳʥͽľ磬ͻֱӱ󷨵˺飬ûдﵽʥ֮ǰûжԿ󷨵ʮķ¥УϣҲ˵ÿһƽֻ㡭̫˰ɣ
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Ҿ˵ʮĸ䣬ڿԽܡ
ݵʥڱԼʥ࿴˿󣬾Ҳͬ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ĻҪôȷԷֵĸأ
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ܼ򵥣ǩƽķʽ⣬ŸǩſԵõĸʵʻǺܴġȻ칬ǵһͨʥҲ֮ǿģռֵطֻܽʥͽ²εޣϣҵĲУҲǳޣܶʱʵҪҿ칬ռĻʵЩ
˵
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Ϊ˱׵ǩʥȫסԼڵʥ
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ϣô޳ܰҶѾȷ˵飬Լܹ˭
һı鿴š˵
ҪȥʲôطҶ¼ҹһͲǣһӴ֧ţֵܺŮ⣬ҵȻˣ罫ó˷ѡ룬Ҳ㹻ˡ
˾ʥɫ˵
ʥ֮УΨһķҶȻ˽ˣȻʥעֻķϡ
ҶȻʵķ磬٣˾ʥǳȷһ㣬˺ҶȻĴڣôпռУԲСĿ
ˣ˾ʥҲѱˣ飬Լ֪ã˳ԿҲּɡ
û㹻ѡܵ𣿾ûеˣҵûﲻŸСһҵĵ𣿡
ڵ˵
˾ʥһϣűŭ㿪ʲôЦռÿһȻҪôһֻ
ҪôʹҵɣӦõ˭ҲҵģǾ仰
˾ʥͷһޱǷ˵أ㣡ƨ£


777 ȷ
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˾ʥϢȻÿȻ̬ܴ̼
˾ʥ񡱿ҲЩҪƲסƢıԵǼǰʥͽ׷״վ
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ƽȴֱ˲侲
ȻǴҾõķ䷽ǾӦִУҶûκΪʲôҪô£˾ʥ֮ĶԹǲܣռ飬ǣ˵棬ȻˣҪ뱣֤𺦴ǰᣬ˭Ҫ£˭Զ˳
ͨʥĮ˵
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Ϊ֣ȥѧſƣҲȻȻĳɳӦĶ
һԹֻ֮У۵Ӿ³ɳһ顣
СʱļҵȨǣ̫ľӶ˶ķĹ̡ܽ
ķڳɳпʼԽԽ壬СӵԸɷǳҪСϰΪģô֮󣬳ǷشıʣõķŤת
ķĬĬԹۣӤڵǼʱ䣬ͯڵ꣬ķʼձųĬؿԼδһӤ
Ǹ˼ľСʱѾȫհף֧飬ܹٿһ飬ܹ
ķɸ㲻ʱھЩʲô壬Ȼ޷Ǳ㱣Թ۵ֻ̬Ҫȥ棬Ӧòʲôǡ
ķԼ¶ɹʮʱ䣬Լ֮һΪ竣ԼÿΪ⣬ûκ
ܶڵķΪ֮죬⣬ʼնŲȥԤ̬ȣ¾ôʮʱ䣬ѾЩҪֲʲôʵʲôá


783 Թ
ʱƣҶȻ˼֮ڣķԹ۵̬ʼһЩ仯
أʼЩģʼԼǲԤ֪ΪʲôܹԺиܻᷢ顣
أԭռĸԺлʧһֱͣԼʮʱȥܶ飬ʼʱȥǡ
ڽĳ٣һȻȥԼÿһ
ɾܵȥһԹߣԼڷ飬ôо
һʱȥǰĻԼԺҶȻȽһΣ
ҶȻľͱԼϣԼԣͬʱϵöųһעĿĺ⡣
Լĸڼǰ͸Լ
һбޱȵӻѺԼʼȫͬ
ϷһҶȻ󣬿ԼǸ۸ĴòƹĵܽԺȻʼﱸȥԸķʽ
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ҿڻãԼѾйôһʧܵһߵޱ˳ûжܹջԼҪȥı顣
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ͨıȥδıɾԲǵӰ쾫ܹģ漰صʱ䷨ƿأ


784 ռ䡱
վԭ˼һȴʼûκͷķ˻Դټ˼
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ĵĽͣķЩ£գ۾˻ָԼʵҲ˵ûʥװĻʵҲӦ½
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ðɣˡȻ˵ԻشһЩ⣬ҲͲˡȣ㵽ʲôӵԼ˼άȴ˵ռĻѵ˵ռ䱾Ѿӵ
ķ̾˿ѾȥٺҲˣű˻ûɿʱѯһЩ飬ԼҲһЩ
ⷬͣҲ͸ӷģζţҶȻͻĿʱ̫Σա


785 ǡ׻
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ָָԼͣ˵Ҹղ˵ģҪͼ۾ȥ۲ңҲҪͼǶϰҡҲʴڵҲûһʱڣʱռʱͿռķ϶СͬʱǿĹȥںͽҲͬʱκһռ֮ڡ
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ķ΢΢ͷЩε˵ҲȫԱһˡΪʲôҪ󣿡
Ϊ˽֪࣬˵޷ܾջһ˵Զǳʾ׽ҶЩϢ
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һӹԺеϢʵ̫࣬Ҫ
ռ䡱Ҳûм˵ķĬԹԵϥķǰֻ㲻ŴƵӿʵЩƫƫռ䡱ûбֳκεӡ
ȿȡǸܲȱһ·ôģЩӦ
ò˷ЩϢ֮ķҲѧϥˡռ䡱Ķ棬Ǽ⣬Ц˵
עص㣬˵һЩ޷ʱ᱾ܵȽ˼Ⲣ뿴
ռ䡯ҡҡͷֱӾܾͬʱָԼ˵Ҷ˵Ӳûʲôоĵطͬһֻֻ߷ǰ̻¶ʱκβĸоһֲ໹ҪĶ࣬˴˲ͬһıַʽҲȫͬ˵ǷǳͶ˵֡
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ķ˫΢УȻڵˣʱͿռļз쵱УڵĻǣܹͨıǵĹȥӰδȴͨǰԤ֪ǵδȥӰı仯ΪԲϡûɣ
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787 
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£ҲֹͣϵıըֱӰе䵽˵ϡ
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788 
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û˶Դ˱ʾɻ󣬾ǰ漸εĿ飬˶Ѿϰ棬ռ۷κ飬Ƕʾȡ
Ȼռ򶼲á
֪Ƕڲ²⣬¥ݵʲôĵطΪʲôΪǵĿ顣Ҳǽ̫࣬¥ݵãҲҪסҪǿһǣʵ̨׵ĹУǿı˴˽йû¥ݵľͷֻʣһ˵ĻôҲԳΪյʤߡ
ռ䡯ޱĻһȦǳһ𣿡
ķҶȻ⣬ȫܵĻһξ룬ȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
¥ݵĿ㹻Ǳ˴ȫ֮Ҳʮ׵ľ룬һ㹻κ£ʱӦˡ
ֻԽǴмǰеˣȻԽΣգվߵơ
ΪվߵˣֻҪעһ㹻ˡ
ȻЩ˶Ƶ֪šռ䡱´˿ʼ֮󣬼ÿһ˶߳˹ȥ
ΨķŻҶȻС֣Ųæĳмλȥ
ǱϾˣһս˵ĻվмλãҲûʲô˵ġ
ʣİܹЭһ𣬷ܶʲôв
ʣİܲЭһ𡭡⻹
ķҶȻѾ˵һ̨׵ʱ򣬹߽Ÿոս
ٶռλãһں˽ֵĽ׶Ρ
⿼ŸոտʼԾвʣȴҲû̫嶯ڶԳһʱ󣬷ķҶȻѾʱʮ༶̨׵ĸ߶ȣҲͲټ˷ʱ䡣
ݺݵĻ˵۾󣬱˴˷׷ױһξ룬ȻҲ̨ס
ʱķҶȻ˴֣֮ķĻվ˵ϣһһ־ȵٶš
˵ߵУǰһһ̨ףһޱȿտͬɳĮһĻ
ɳĮ֮лǰУ˸ҲεڳɳĮֻվԶĵط
ȻÿɳĮǰһͬʵһ̨ס
ܼ򵥣ʵÿһף
ΪɳĮÿһŶڹĸ⣡
ķҶȻܹǰУҪΪʼЩ̨׶ڹҪǳǳԣǻһͨǰʼļʮ̨Ҳһ߹
ķҶȻ˲û˱ӿԼǰеٶȣʼͬһƵŲ
֮Ϊ˷֣ɳĮÿһڱ飬ͬʱҲڱ
ܹӦεĹǰǰᣬߵӦľܹ֮һʱľôϣӦĸӵ͸ӵʣ
Ϊŵġǹ
ֻǰ⼸ʮĹ̫ǳԣķҶȻͲҪѶʱȥȫŻߵĿϿһЩ
֪ǲܵķҶȻ̼ԵʣȴûķҶȻ㱣ֽǰС
̨ףҷΧı仯֮˱ʱ֮ͬ˳ȥ
˭ԸΪˣķҶȻǰеٶȱ·ڷɱһ㣬̼˳Խ֮󣬺ܿѾܳķҶȻ󼰵ķ롣
ȻǰЩ̨ҪĶڹĸ򣬸޷ǰ˸κ谭
ٶɴǰ˸˸ûϸȥһͲεĹȥԲڹһЩȱʧͲĵط
һӾûӰءû𣿡
ҶȻͣ˽ŲŤͷķʵ
İɣǰܵٿ죬˺棬ҲվҪͣµʱҿɲΪƬɳĮĳȣֻǴﵽҪ⵽ʥͽεĹáǰߵһЩйûлͨػԽۺ񣬺ԽǴݡ
ķԼҶȻ˲䱻ԽҲ˿ûΪ˵ĸǰжӰ쵽ԼľǵȻ˵
ҶȻգգ۾ٶʣĬĬķ֣һһӡĻǰ


789 ûСδ֮
ǰĸСʱʱ䣬ķҶȻŸոߵ˳εľ롣
ʱҶȻߵޱʵԭȽϸĻԵðࡣ
ЩķҶȻԼ˵򵥵ľͬһһڼѧһ
һ͸Ḷ́һޱȵҪ
Ϊͨȥ͸ټϿռ֮жڹʵĻԭķ֪һһڶ֪һһΪʲôڶ
κһޱȼ򵥵Ľۣ䱳ʵޱȸӵ̡֤
ֻҪܹ֤ĹҲȫǲ͸ȫĹ
ܹһˣ򡭡һҲûУ
ķһ㣬ĻʥĲξͲΪ۷壬ҲͣʥľԶ޷ﵽʥʵˮ׼
ķǳϧʱھһУÿһߵޱʵκð
һҪеĹȫ𿪴飬һΪϸСĵλܹ͸ϣԻڹȥԼҪĹ
ֻдﵽĳ̶֮Żһ
˵˳ĲκķҶȻǰеٶȱ˲
һУûдﵽԶڳĹ򣬲ǰЩһ
ڻİ£ڳĹ⣬Ľֻǵﵽ˿ͻƵˮ׼ˡ
οĳ˵ʵѾڷ˵ĲΣ֮ǰЩĹϸڵķ̶ȣֱǳּ
ķߵԽԽÿһҪͣϺþõʱ䣬ٲ񷽲ǰ㣬Ƶ㶨
ʱ̨׵棬Ůġռ䡱̧ͷ̨Ϸ߸ûȥעѾܵ˼λõˣеעȫķҶȻлϡ
͡
ǲʼߡ˼ֱչȥӦҲܴﵽڵľǡΪʲôδƬΡǿյģֻûйⲻܰ
ռ䡱һ벻ͨı飬š
һ˵ţһ߲ϵš
Ϊͬʱڹȥںδռ䡱ܹ磬ͨĿռ
Уķȴֻйȥڡûδ
ǾԲܵģκοռϿռʱơ
δĽģҲáҲգҪһδĳַʽŶԣĳôǹ
ڵķڡռ䡱ȴûֻ
ⲻܣΪغ㣬һ˵ƫ綼п˶
Ȼۡռ䡱ȥѰң޷ҵķδ˿
Ϊ˼ռ䡱֮ǰŻͬķ˵ô໰ôʡ
˵ʲôһͨǰֿ飬ӶṩŴǳѡ
˸ڣķһܹáռ䡱ķӡӾ塣
ϧǣûеõԼҪĽۣûиףΪʲôķûδ
ԡռ䡱ķĹעһҪķδʲôģ
ʱ˿̵ķԼѾΪˡռ䡱עһˣȫע˶Թĸϡ
ֲϵڹԽԽҲ˷·ڲͣ
εĹ򳤶ȣķ㳬ǰгһʱ䣬źҶȻлһꡣ
൱ʥĹΧںķһ˲·ඥһ㣬ʥ֮µĹȫڻͨ
ֺʹ죬
áˬ
վʥĵһϣķ̲ס³һ
Ȼ棬û뵽ֻ½ʥ֮µĹȫͲ͸һˣҵĸоȴʵٷһǲ˼顭
ҶȻҲԼľȡ
֮ǰڹʵЩǳЩȻﵽܹͻƵĳ̶ȣʵûĴﵽеˮ׼ֻнȫ͸ſķӾ籾Ӧеʵ
³ķ˸£˵ͬԵķһķԱ֤ͨˣҲǴﵽͻƵı׼ֲֻŴٷ֮ٵգκ⣬ԵһʱԼͨͨȻһĽʵ࣬ȴԵơ
ǳԵĵΪʲôδȥô
ҶȻ˵ͷʵ
Ϊ̫鷳Ҳ̫ѡһַǳıģĻۻǳҲǳ򵥣ǵֻ۵һĽ֮ϣͻҪʮٱŬڼԲ֮ǰһ̣ҪҪԶ֮ǰŬܺ͵ĸٽ㣬Ǽߡ
ķ̧ͷͷȫģ˵ڼ˵ǧ򱶵ŬֻΪ˵õһЩϸ΢ĻرǷǳֵõģܺ˵ıܣԱ𽥵γңҲͬˣҺһᣬ򡭡Ժĵ·ߵĺһѡ


790 ϣ
ʥ֮ķҶȻԼǰеĸӻڳʱٶٴνһҡ
ˣһҲʼձǰе̬ƣٶȺȴһֱǰ
ķҶȻʥʱϾֹ̫̣һЩڻĲι̣ʥ֮ǰĻ۳̶Զ
ʰŲڣĹ̾ͱøӷͳơ
ķҶȻɳУʱš
Ҳ֪˶ãķҶȻڳǰ˸ˡ
ǰܵǰ棬һӰӶûµİ˸ˣʱԵúǾٲά衣
ķҶȻԾһһţûע⵽ǰ˸ѾǵߵС
ǰ˸ҲûпķҶȻӺϣһֱķҶȻߵͬ߸ƽеλϣ߸ע⵽˼뵽ǵС
һˣʱվ֮ĵطɫޱƺڵֿʲô
ǽ칬ˡ
ǡȻˣ
ķҶȻһڿ̲֮ס㵵ؽе
˵ҲһǸˣҲʶתͷ
ÿһ˵ϼͬı飬ȫû뵽ķҶȻʼ㱻ѸٳԽ˦ȫӰӵˣȻ׷ǵĽȣ
ҲǸϣ
Ȼԭ̤޷ٽһʱķҶȻȻǰһ
Ǵﵽʥͽޣ뵽ȥ߲ιһ
߸Ѿվ֪Ŭ˶ãȴʼ޷һ
ôܣ
һ̲סΪǷ֣ķҶȻѹǰһҲСԴߵǵǰ桭
ʲôЦ
ȻһֻﶼȲϣ
߸ȫܵĪĴ̼ԭһֱŵ״̬£ƺһӱ˳ˮ׼ǿǰһ
ȻɫƺҪǰ˫ȲסشŲһƺôȥ
ûжڹ㹻̶ȣҪһǾԲܵģ
廹Ǿ񣬶ܳܵסֹĽ֯
Ӻǿһļһ
һֻŸովûһȵʱ˵ɫȫǳɫͬʱһҵĲű³һѪȻ·εǽڵһ㣬ֱ˷վŵĵط̱ڵأ
ҿûһʼҲٶͨĻµҲһ鷳
ҶȻŤͷֱӱ˵ˣ˵
ûʼձż״̬ǰУʧĲ־ͻԽԽ࣬ϵĻΪһ޷Խĺ蹵棬ͨҩֻ߲ϵĲܹǿͻƵߵľ磬ִĹ֮أҪһȴǲܵġ
ķûйѹΧȫܹ˵ʲô
һʱ䣬ˣʱķҶȻһ칬ӣȫɫ
ΪǺȷķ˵ȷģ
һʼΪ˱ٶȣˣǸûȥٽһֲڹĲ㡣
ʵϣǵĹУҲûȥıҪ
ִ꣬˷ѣѾֲÿһԺ
ҲûҪͨĹ֮أȻᳬʥͽܹﵽľ缫ޣҿкԶԶ·Ҫߣյ㣬Ȼ֪Ҫǰжá
Ѿʥͽˮ׼ȻˡΪʲô֮ǰоƣʥͽľ㲻ܽ
벻ͨ
ΪʲôҪЩԴķʽ˷ʱ䲻Ǹ𣿡
ҶȻķĶ䡣
֤ʵԼĲ²⾿ǶǴ
ķҶȻĶ䡣
䣬ǰһȻתȻʱķȥ
ֻһŸո˱ʱõ˺ͷһĴ
ǰ·ײһǽ˾ֱأ
ô£ΪʲôҲˣ
˱غ󣬺Ǿ㵵صڵϣ֮ǰˣҪõöַ࣬ûˡ
ȻҵĲ²ûһ޷ͷ·ͨΨһ취һֱǰֻҪһʼˣô㲻صĻᡣҪȥһ飬򶼲
˱Īأֱ䵱ǰվһСķ΢΢ЦЦ˵
ζʲô
ҶȻü
ζţڲǷ𹥻ôٹһʱ䣬ǺǵľôǾͲκλᣬȴǵΨһˣԶһ


791 £
ȻҲܿһķҶȻһȫΣ
˵ԼòˣҲñ˺ù
ķҶȻʼͣźһľôЩ˻ܹס״ֻ̬ҪķҶȻֳĺȫһ״̬㹻ߵĸԶͬ㱻Ļ
Щһһʱѡ֣
ˡ
ȻǿķҶȻ񶼻ΪΣգȻǿûж֡
ΪһĻûдǳܵĵߣϾվǰģһ칬ˡ
ķҶȻǣͬһŹıʡ
еһʱЩ̣ȴҲͬ
ķҶȻڹͶ룬Щȴķң˵߶˵ϣ˺һҲͣط
Ѿﱻ̫̫áõôʱϵĸˡ
ʼʱǻҪȥ򣬿һʱ֮˱㷢֣ǸûκμĿܡ
ķ˵ģǰµ̫࣬ڣĻûףôͨ׵Щ
Ҳֹ֪˶ãȫĳڶԹеķڻ˫ۣϢٴηһЩϸ΢ı仯ֵֻĲԣһСĹҶȻҲӸ˹
ֻлڵϺ˯һ̬Сźһһɷǿɰ
˶˫ۣԵĽ
ķһȦȻЦЦڵ֪ǵ뷨Բôš֪ĴھͿԸǣûߵ·ȷһʼһһӡĽй֦ĩڶͨ͸һǶԵġǰߵ˵ȴʵĶࡣǵɿԼȥȴֻͣľ棬ȴҲԶ޷뿪
ķĻȫ΢΢ɴ۾
Ҳˣ޷ȷʱŵĽȣ۹ȥãǶж߿ʵĸоΪǹۡһ·оҷǳȷƬ۵Ŀռ䵱УʱֹͣġҲ֪ʱǲڰķʽǰʱ̣ǲʣͬҲ˥ϡƺ޷ټǰ޷ͷĻ˵νģֻʹˡ
ķԹԵ˵ţȫûȥЩ˵Խ࣬ɫԽ׵ˡ
˵ʵͦɱģΪǸеź
ķ˵źȴûжνźı飬Щֻζ
㵽˵ʲô
ʱķҶȻһ̲סһŭĳʵ
˵ǣǴ㶯ֵĻǾ죬ΪϾҪǰڻ֣ôɾûжֵĻˡ
ķʼ磬˵
ͬʱɫ΢䣬ʶĻ࿴˿ķҶȻһ߸˾ͱܵȫվǰ칬ˡ
ò¸ǿߵıܡ
칬ɫͣı仯ţƺžҵĶ
һ֮ϵı±һӱŰĺȡ¶˾İغ֣߲ˣҲߣ
ͬһ㣬ԭͽŵ߸˺󣬺ԥĵһʱ䷢˹
ÿһ˶ޱĳ֣ûκ̽Ḷ́ȫһɱ̬ȣʩչĶǸ֡ľ
칬ڣ˸˵Ĺ̼佫ķҶȻУ
Ǻģ̶ȵֺϻԸƷߣҲпܽԷˣ˵ֻǺͬεʥͽˣ
ǶǸһÿһ˶ӵܹԽս
ţһ£ҶȻķܴ
ǽܹҲƱҪ޷ش
ڷ˹֮󣬰˸˵ȫĸʤյı顣
ȻֱǵϲŸոոһңûȫſֱӽס
ΪǵУֳŵһĻ
еĹۿžҪ䵽ķҶȻʱȴǺȻ侲ֹȻۿɼٶȷֽ⣬ɲǼ㻯һɢ
ô£Ϊʲô
ÿһ˶ڵڷǰһĻŵ
ȻҵĲ²û
ķûκζҶȻ˾ôվԭأһЦݵĿǼһɫļһ
㡭㵽ʲô
칬̲סʵ
˹ֻҪǽλõĹ⵽ȫ͸ĳ̶ȣôվطͻΪ񡣵ȻѾûлˡ


792 ƽ𼶵ҩ
һоյĸоǷǳ˳Եģķûгԡ
Ϊµĵ·ɻкԶľҪȥߡ
Ҳûжɱ֣ΪûбҪ
˵ģܽλõĹټĳ̶ȣô㲻ܼǰ
Щǰļ;ٶͨʹ˻ᡣ
ȴǵĽֻ֣Ҫô˶ϣҪôе㡣
˶ķҶȻ𹥻׻֮ûõʱ䣬ҲԼֻС۾һĹǷ󣬻Ķ£ȻǻҶȻСϲ˲䡣
һȫ˵͸Ŀ׽һһվ˺ͽ칬ƽеϡ
ֻҶȻķĴݣ칬ӵɫȴɲ
ܹߵһ˵ǷǳǿģһҪܵʹ࣬ԶԶ޶ȡ
ڣ廹ǾѾĥļҪ裬ǣΪǿһ޷ˣԼǳصѹ
Ҫ״̬һֱȥԸȥҲԸһֱʹ࣡
֪˶ãķҶȻٴ˫ۣһһ޼ǰ
뵽ߵ֮һǰеٶһδļͺ֮ǰһٶȱǰеƵȴûʲô仯
Ȼǰ״̬ʱӣĿûиһɶӰ졣
ĿķҶȻԽԽԶ˳׵ıˡ
ֿϣľܶʱֱҪӿµĶࡣ
칬ӣһĲҽк󣬺Ȼ̧ȻصĳԼǴȥ
䣡
ӵԴӲԼȫԽѣɷҡ
ʬǵ˵ϣ֫ڼⱾԵʣڲͣس鴤š
˿ɫͣãȻҲ˶ϵͷ
ܵһʱ仹²ģֻҪܹšûжȥЩҶһʱٴα۾ŬҪȥǽµĹ򡭡
֪ϣãչЩҴ߰ο
ķҶȻѾŻԽԽԶ
ֲ֪ȥ˶õʱ䣬һʥιĽ֮ǰ
߲εĹ⣬ķѵʱ֮ޣʵķЩԾһ·ܶʱҪŷðĻָҩԼ;񶼱ѵ״̬
ûʲô⣬ʵķҶȻѾŨҵƣС
֮£ǻһľ
ǰһʥεĹˣȥѲҪһֱߵʥʲεĹŻᵽͷ𣿿ɡѾ޷ǰ˰Ȼ߲εĹ򣬿ǵǿȴͣʥͽľϣ߲εĹѾܹܵļޣǼǰȾҪ˰ɡ
ҶȻü˵
һͷӣΨһģֻмͣȥҲҪǼһʼǻǰˣһ·˵ʹﵽͻƵ״̬ȴʼ޷оϵĴȻھѹֻƵģȻˡҪ壬ֻİ취ˡ
ķĿԶŷ·ԶûоͷĻĮЦҡҡͷ
Ȼ˵׼Ǽöƽ𼶵ҩóɣһöָҩöܵҩԵһöܵҩԻƽ𼶵ҩĿֲҩЧӦǿԽǵǿȴġ
ҶȻ˵ͷ³ȻԼĿռóһöӨ͸ͬ͸ʯһĵҩ
ķóĵҩҶȻĵҩһģһҲǿɰСצͳһöͬĵҩ
Ͼǻƽ𼶵ĵҩֻϣǵҩܶԵɢۿɼĲ״Ϣ
ֻŵϢ״ֱ̬ӷõĻҲ֪Чôš
ƽ𼶵ҩҩЧǳңú൱ʵĸоһҪסܵҩЧȫӷ嵱У޶ȵΪ޷ͶһֵҩЧɢĻʵ̫˷Щ
ķ³ѵ
ҶȻޱĵ˵ͷСҲһģ
һޱ㽫еĵҩ
ҩڵһ̣ķʱоҩһӻһ壬ֱӴĺ˽ȥ
ֻգ۵ĹϢķ֫ٺ


793 ֮ͬ
ķƽ𼶵ҩ׽ʲôҲûҩ֡
Ϊöҩ϶ͨķ¥㵽ģ˵ҩЧ⣬ԼҲ֪Ĳࡣ
ʣƽ𼶵ҩҩЧԶȰҪŵĶ࣡
ҩɵϢȫÿһķܹĸоԼ忪ʼҵı仯
ϸ㿪ʼɢ飬ϸ֮ļѹӣܶɴ˴Ľȴԭ߱Ӫϵҩˣ
ķû뵽ǣڡռ䡱֮Ļֲ㻹ͨȡΧеԪתΪ衣
ϾԪ֮ԪӴ⣬ûκʡ
ͨͻ޵ĽޣΪʥͽ֮Ҳһ已̥еȫų彫ͬԪɡ
ԪܹգôָͲκ⡣
Ǵʱ˿̡ڵĵطȴǹ֮أ
һ·ķûиܵԪĴڣÿһŨĹ֮˹֮⣬
ѲɡҪΧع岻ɣ
ķԺиһͷ
ҶȻͻȻҲͬ鷳̷µҩһһ޾Ӧڣűɫͬʱ
ȥ
𽥱ķüͷ塣
뾡취ƽ𼶵ҩЧò˼ӵʱ䣬һޱ㶼ҪΪû㹻Ӫ䣬Ӫȥˡ
Ҳʵ̫ЦЩ

һ䣬ԽԽҪܲסҩЧĸ죬ķ֪ˣȻûбİ취룬Ǳֻ
΢΢ҧȻɣķ˫ۣȻͿʼΧĹ
ԪʵڵĶ˵ʵʴ֮ϵ޽ṹ
ǳؾʵʴڻҪͨ޹ֲʵʴڵȱʧȻǲܵġ
ûͻƵʥͽľ磬붼롣
ͻƳΪʥͽ֮ͬ˽ֻǵʵʻͬʱһ̶ϵع֡
ķȻϣãٲȫ
ķǡô죡ҵ塭Ҫ䣡
һԵҶȻ̲ס仯ʹ࣬ʧе
ټһҪҪ飡
ķͷ¶ΧĹ֮ȻŬҪֹ֮޵ĴתΪʴڡ
ֻ֮ǰûԸ֪֣κ飬ѵԶǿĵʱ
ûκξ飬ķֻܲȡķʽ֮ںͨԼȥ֮ͬù֮һ̶ȵʱ֡
ͬڼʱ򣬻ҪԼȶȥڻһ㣬ڱʹ໹Ҫǿǧ򱶣

ֲʹķѾܲס
ҽЩ˺ѷεζķֻ۾ɵԲȫۿ͹۰ϲѪ˿
ķ壬ǿʼ־ҵı仯һ͡һ͵ʱ·˲һȫ𣬶ʱһӿ᾵Ƥͷá
˱仯ʹ࣬ǲġ
ԡȷʵԡ
ʮķȻ䷢֣֮ǰսڵŨ֮ȻѾͬˣ
ȻͬӲ࣬һõĿͷ
ϾΪʵ飬սڵĹ֮Ҳ࣡
Ȼˣ˵ȥ
ȻȷУķٵʱ䣬ǿʹ࣬е
ҶȻһҲ˲˶䡣
ͨԼʵ飬ķҲҵһЩɣҪͬʵǿԲȡһЩ򵥵ķġ
ȻҪܵʹ಻ȫʹķʽ϶Ҫּ򵥴ֱֱȥͬʹöࡣ
ķһԼʼһֵգһߴͬҶȻͻķ
һ޶ʱʼ˶Χ֮գҲڷżһģһı仯
յĹʱʱ䣬˵仯ʼ滺һʼҵʱܸܵʹҲᡣ
ֻСʱʹķҶȻڻѾʹЩľˡ
Եʹᣬֱʧʱһʵ˲ƮƮȻĸо
ԭʹеʱҸһ顭
пķҶȻæʼԼ壬Ҫһͨչ֮۵֮ǰʲôͬ
һ鲻Ҫͬʱڵ
һۺ󣬹ðĹŴ𾪵лعžͬʱ¶εĿϲ֮ɫ


794 ֮
˼顭֮ǰһһֱоΧ۵ĹЩңܹȫ⣬ʱȴַ·ڽһֲȫ˳״̬ڣҾǹ򡭡ң
ҶȻͷ˿Լ˫֣˵
ķ˵ͷϾ̬ҶȻ˵֮ǰѾ͹Ϊһ塣
ֻ߲ҲĹ򣬵ʵϣķѾ׵˵ʵʵ״̬
ڹԣķܹһ˿ʱͿռ䷨Ƥë
ǰɡøû뵽ƽ𼶵ҩĸ쾹ȻķʽĻǶҲøǿѣҲ۳Ϊ˹ֱǷ֮ˡʵЩҡҿͻƳΪʥͽʱѾһЩ黯һ̶ϵȥͬ޷ĻǿɾҪֱӽˡ
ķҡҡͷЦż˵ΪҪ֮ˡ
˵꣬ŻҲڻֻСצӲͣȸԾţķĻСԴϣȻҶȻС֣ǰ
ʥεĹ
ǿѾȫԽνʥͽĽޣĳԽǱϵݣ
ԵķҶȻС֣ͻһ˴ʥιȵķ֣ڵ˵ʥεĹ򣬾Ȼ֮ǰ߲εĹҪ򵥵Ķ࣡
ڱѾǷ֮壬Χ򣬼ֱˮ
߲ιʱļѣʱ˿ʥεĹ򣬶һ֮ǰƳʱȣҲûʲô̫Ĳͬ
ǰеٶȼ죬ֻƳʱһҵʱ䣬һ޾ߵ˾ͷ
ľͷ
һվ˵ͬʥһܵľͻأķת䡣
ԭ·޾ĻĮһȫʧ³һǰģϵ̨ף
ֻʱһ޲վ̨׵ĵײվһ̨ϡ
һ޵ǰǡռ䡱ɵǸŮˡ
˵ʵʵû뵽վ
ռ䡱ϸΪӵɫ˵
ΪʲôƣӦվ
ķûһȥȵ͡ռ䡱ƽ̨ϣǾôվʥһ̨ףƽĿʵ
ڵϢӿڵĹʵ̫ЩҪһʱȥӦ
ӦףҲҪơ
ռ䡱˵
ķ΢΢üʧЦҵˣȫ֪ȫܣܹͬʱȥںδȻˣΪʲôо⣿ʵЩ棬ѵڳǰĻ棬ͬʱܿĻ棬ǲһģ
ռ䡱ûлشķ⣬Ȼֱѡ˳Ĭ
ķʱʼ˼Ϊζšռ䡱ĴڱҲǲģ
ڣҲ
˵ʲôô
ҶȻȻ廰
һٸͰɣ൱ķ˼һʱҲ˵
ķĻҶȻѯʣְվԭء
ôǶѾߵһӦþͨȫ˰ɣȻˣ˵õʵ֮
ķšռ䡱һ΢Ц˵
ռ䡱ûлشʱ߲ûķϣȫҶȻϡ
Ϊ㵵ķ֣ҶȻȻҲķһûδ֮ˣ
ɾ뷨֮ǰռ䡱ȻĿҶȻĽ֮һ
ֻͨ˷֮أδȫжϣһƬޡ
ռ䡱ͬδ
ټһûδķռ䡱ɻ󣬶ϰɻ
ôˣʲôô𣿡
ķһ˵ţѾȫ˵Ϣǰһ̨ס
֮ǣһ̨׾Ȼûκιƣͬһ̨ͨһ㡭
ķ΢΢Щһֻȥһֻȴվԭء
ôˣ
ҶȻܵĹе
û¡ֻЩ⣬û뵽һ̨ףȻʲôûС
ķ˵ȻһֻҲ
ҶȻΪһϣȷʵ˺ʵоЩ졣
ͺһ·Ѿ࣬˼裬òյħͷǰʱ׼һ춯صĴսȴȻ֣ħͷȻһֱӴһ


795 ʵ֮
ܹ¿̨׵ʱ򣬱Ѿͨ˷֮صĿ飬һ̨׵Ȼκζҵðˡ
ռ䡱ķҶȻͬʱŵľʱ飬εĿڽ͵
ţռ䡱ƽ٣ϷĴöĹš
ǡʵ֮
ķöĹӣʵ
ûǡʵ֮Ҳ֮ͨĽȻ׻ĺҲͨ˿飬հ׻ĽҪܵõʵ֮Կõʵ֮ģֻˡ
ռ䡱ͷ˵
׻ϣõʵ֮Ϊʲôѵ⡮ʵ֮ʲôԳܵĸ𣿡
ķֵʵ
õȻûУʵ֮Ĳôܻνġáֻô˵޷⡣֪̫࣬һǺ£ͬĵܹԵʵȻҲһ洦׻ϣĺáʵ֮ǳĿǣܶʱ򣬱ڹʵһҸ
ռ䡱Ƕǵ˵
Ĳʵ֮ģ
ôĳֶϸ˵ֻ̬ϱǸߵȰˣĽǶһͨʥǿ⡮ʵ֮ҿʼӵʶһֱҵ統УҲ֪εģΨһ֪ǣӦʲôʱ򣬰˭
ռ䡱ʼ磬ЩԳ˵
ɰղŵ˼Ȼܹ֮ͨⷨأǳ֮ģҲ˵ԭӦֻ׼һöʵ֮ɣ
ķǻɵʵ
˵ûڣöʵ֮óȴġ
ռ䡯˵ţָָԼԴλã˵ܹĴĻҵĴѾ֮ǰԳƵĵطͬڵĽڵ˵ʱóöʵ֮ܡǸոս롮֮ءʱάʱǸάȵңʵֻһöʵ֮
šռ䡱ĽͣķЩĿ࣬űһëȻĸо
˵ĻһԺ»طţšռ䡱ƯŵöӨ͸ĹӣķȻЩɡ
ռ䡱˵ģʵһѣ
ǽӸ˵Ļôܿܡһ¡
һҪ֪ǣʵ֮뿪ҵڣҲ˵öʵ֮˱ãһ뿪ҵ壬ʵ֮ɢȻҲѡ񲻷áʵ֮ѡôһֱӽͳȥ
ķ˼ŵʱ򣬡ռ䡱һ
ʲôܴȥ
ķһ֮ɫ
ûҪΪʲôΪҲ֪Ϊʲôڣѡʱˡ·Ҫôʵ֮ҪôھͰͳȥ
ռ䡱˵ĺǼķüͷɵٴһ
ҶȻûзκȻվķԣֻҪķ˾ԥĸ档
ΪʲôҪѡȨԿǡ
˼ãķȻšռ䡱ЩɳƵʵ
ռ䡱ٴ뵽˳ĬУȻЩڣӦ֮ǰͬķ˵ôĻǣ޷ȥı䡣
㱣ֳĬΪ޷شҵ⣿ɰ֮ǰͬ˵ģͬʱڹȥںͽӦܹ֪ЩĲǣǡ㿴ҵĽ
ķ̧һЩó۵ʱķԼ̲סһ
һǾ仰֪̫࣬һǺ£ҪνĲ²ˣѡɣáʵ֮뿪
ռ䡱ķһۣȻһƬ䣬ûκβ˵
ķ֪Լ¶ˣ
Щ֣̿ռ䡱Ľ⾿ζĽһƬʱпܸıǡûн
£ʼҡ
ҶȻܵķķûбϡ
ķĬʱҶȻסķ֣ᣬȴޱȼᶨ˵
գգ۾ķŤͷҶȻͷһɣ
ҧҧķĿ»ָ˼ᶨšռ䡯˵ѡʵ֮ɣҪ
ȷ
ȷ
ķص˵ͷ
ã㡣
ռ䡱֣öʵֱ֮ķҶȻȻֱͣķҶȻǰɢʰ쵵ĹâɷǺÿ
ͺϾһԽޣԽǴо綾
˵û⡮ʵ֮һõѡ񣬵ˡϰӱܣԼȻߵֵزұѡԡ۽ᷢʲô
ķ˵ţһץסԼǰġʵ֮ȻֱԼ
һԵҶȻѧҲʵ֮ӽ
ֻл˵ԣСԴдһ˿ǵؿˡ


796 ̷
̳ԡʵ֮ĸоЩ˵ǺǻͨһĿڸУڼܣ˳źθȻθգܿɢȫ
ķҶȻ̷ˡʵ֮󣬶ûиоκα仯
֡
ҶȻͷ˿Լ˫ֿ֣˿ԼȫȷԼĸоûг⡣
ڻȷʵûзκθı䣬һʱΪɻ
ǵĸоͬ˺ûһΪʲô
ķıҶȻ࣬˶ûʵ֮ȻûκЧ
Ի֮۵С۵Ŀ˿ķܵŤͷˡռ䡱Ҫռ䡱ѯһ£ǲ
ƫƫˡռ䡱վŵλʱȴȻ֣ռ䡱Ȼ֪ʲôʱѾˣ
أ
ķȻת¹һȦȻŷ֣ΧĻȻҲȫѾ˱仯
ٲͬɽ֮еģҶȻлʱվһƬԭ֮ϡ
ʲôʱ˵طģ
ķܣҶȻҲڷ⣬ͬۿһȻ£Ļԭر
ǡ뿪ռ䡯ˣȻڡռ䡯ֻǱһط
Χ»ָŨԪҶȻüʵ
ķûеһʱش𣬶Ǳ۾ȻſˡСϸĸΧĻ
꣬ķȷΧĿԪŨȣԼζûκβͬҲȻνĻþ
Ȼ㲻ΪʲôӦѾ뿪ռ䡯ˣѹַšռ䡯˵ѡ񲻷áʵ֮ôͻͳڣѡ˷áʵ֮ȴûκζ˵Ϊʵ֮Ļͻֱ롮ռ䡯ɡ
ķǺȷĲ²
ҲֻôȥˣΪʲô뿪ռ䡯󣬲ֱӳɭ޹λã
ҶȻü˵ͷ󣬼ʵ
֪˿٣⡮ʵ֮ʲôãҪԺȥоˡڡȻȥɡ⡮ʵ֮Ȼ޷ռ䡯Ȼеʥ֪飬ú˵ףҲΪʵ֮⣬ҡ
ķҡҡͷεؿ˵
ҸȷǾʲôطɣҲ֪ڡռ䡯ﵽ״˶õʱ䣬оػһι̲ǻþǻþĻζǵȥһ飬ǽʮ̣Ҳȥ˶ʮꣿ
ҶȻԼ
ķһ֮ǰûпǹⷽ⣬һʼһֱ𺳵״̬УԺ˼Щ飬ɱĳһЩ©
ˣ֮ǰǡռ䡯ĶԻܶҶûڿԸҽһ˰ɣʲô˼

ķƫͷ룬Ժ֯һԺ滺Ľռ䡱Щ飬һЩԼͲ²⣬ϸĸ֪ҶȻ
ֻһҵʱҶȻϾѾ޷ٱֵģʼ𽥵رȡһֱķ˵꣬ҶȻϵı鶼ûȫ
ķ˵ĺϸֱȽڼ仹һЩԼͿ˾ϷǳӷҶȻúס
ⲢζҶȻܹܡ
ЩǳķҶȻҪֱתͷˡ
ϾҲʵ̫˼Щ
Լ֮󣬱뵽˳ĬеҶȻķûгԴţǾվҶȻĶ棬ҶȻԼȥ˳ЩָӵĶ
֮ҶȻ𾪵ıڽ»ֵָȻģ
ռ䡯ͬ˵ĶģôǿھĲ֪ɹʱˡ˵ʱûκ壬ֻʽһɲ֮һڶɹЩʱ䣬ֻܿ൱״̬£λõƶĻĸأϾȥЩḶ́Ҳ˴ʱ䡣
ҶȻƽ˵
֪֮ҵĻ˰ɣ²Ҳû壬ѯһ±ˣĴ𰸡
ķһ˵ţһ߱۾ԼСַΧ쵽Ȼͷ֣ܴʱĵطΪʵϸ߱Ĵڲ١
ӵʱ䣬ķ˫ۣԼһָڵǸһЩˣƺ鷳ǹȥɣ£Ҳ˳һ¡
á
ҶȻͷ


797 ǰⲻ
ǡһҪ˸ϾɱүȻֱϵҲôĿŵܳ׷ɱҪү׶ɱѵͲүŭ𣡡
һŭĿΧбűߺ;
ӵվһŮͿˡ
˵ıӲֻ࣬ӣ˵ϻܹһЩԵĿ־֮ɫ
Σ˵񶼷ǳᶨ
ӵĶ棬ʮһλߵĴ£ٵؽ˰Χÿһ˶ɢʥͽεϢ
ߣϢĽߺ;Ʒʥͽ֮䡣
ӦǳԽʥͽĲΣʱûͻƳΪߡ
۱ΧˣӲƷʥͽϢ⣬˶ֻǳѡ
ʵ˫֮䶼ŲСĲࡣ
˵ĸһǵүһʱ£һŮȻҰְˡүİǸҰֵӿҲͲֻǸŮݽ൱һͨļҶˡǸҰ֣үѪǻΪү£
ߺǱĵЦһ˵үĸŮǻŵǸҰһֱͲүΪʲôЩŲʣڡٺ٣ΪûүĬҸҴ˼ܳϾɱҲ̫ˡ
⡭ⲻܣ
û뵽ߵ˵ôһ˫۵Բǲ˼ؽе
ʲôܵģҲҪˣҲûʲô˵ġ֪ǶܳүΪү覵ģǰ׼ҴԺнĵλʵүûֻǣа׼ҴԺ˶ôΪġ𣿱ɵˣôأ֮ԻӡΪүԼȥġڶǸҰ֣үǳ裡
˺ƺЩҪģԵ÷ǳ⣬ֱ̬һ㡣
Ǽٵģƭǣ
̲סе
Ųǵ£ҰǣҲǶǵһˣ˵ˣǿȥˡǸҰ֡ٺ٣ûȥҩҲˣǲȥˡ
Ц˵̧꣬վʮ˱ʱ뷢˺ȥ
Լվԭأûд֡
ȻƷʥͽһһĻûкĶ֣ʮ֣ȴԲֵܹġ
Щ˶Ǽרʿ֮һϵ£ܹӳɱս
ΪҪԼ֡
ڱˣϸһ󾪻ʧı飬ɫ΢ڳӭеơ
ۿһսɱ⣬˫ȴǺȻͬʱܵһɿֲѹ
Ϣ·㣬˲佫ȫУʹԭϾҪս˫һʱȫͣ
ͣаƵӰ¡Ǹ޷κζ
嶼ֱӽӲ
¶ݣܵŤͷϢԴķȥΪϢ֮ǿ󡭡ҪĿ޵еү
Ȼ߾ͿһŮһֻӦСһĳ֪ʱͷϷš
ǰǺˣ
ʶĿʵȴǾܵرһǫζ
ܿķҶȻǳᣬȴԾǰƺʾ𾴡
ɲĪıصǿˣǰ׼ҴԺүӵ۷߲ε·ҲǾԵĶ֣ʮλվۣ֮ܿܿʥ֮⣬ǿǰ׼ҴԺүΪһȺ۷ˡ
ⲻ֪ʲôطͻȻðǿߣȻƱǰ׼ҴԺүǿ
Ѳ½ʥˣ
߿ȷǣͻȻֵǿߣԲʮλѾԶʥ
Ϊʥ߶Ǽġ
⻰ӦʰɣʲôˣΪʲôҪ﷢ͻ
ķҶȻ֣ڰյУ·˵
ǰǶǰ׼ҴԺˣ֪ǰкҪԸ
º󣬺ǽ˵
׼ҴԺ
ķЩãȻʱ䲢˽Ҳǳޣ֪ģר׼ЩʶԵϢ׼ҴԺûжӡ󡭡
ǰûҰ׼ҴԺ
߿ķı飬ֵʵ
ûС
ķҡҡͷȻֳһָڵˣҲֻҪһЩˣ֮䵽ôˣҲģǿˣҪ¡

סһһķҪЩ׼㡣
ǰ⡭ʰɣ
ɫЩѿ˵


798 ֪仯
ʣôʣ
ķü
ͷһ漰Լ񣬾飬ҲܵӲͷƤȥ
ǾôȥĻԼ϶ܵ˵𷣡׼ҴԺ·һֻ̣ԭ򡭡û˻ȥᡣ
뵽ˣֻù˵ǰЩҲǰ׼ҴԺˣ֮Իᷢͻǣǰ׼ҴԺ˽¡ǰ׼ҴԺȻûʥүҲֻǶ߶ѣǺ֮ĹϵǷǳõġүʥ˻㲻ཻĪ棬ȴҲ˵ϻѣǲǾͱˣҪѯĻһܹﵽǰǰģֻҪ֪飬֪޲޲
ķ˫΢У߿˺һȴûҪڵ˼
ֻɢŵϢ޼ҺԵĿʼߡ
ѾֻߵĲΣķԵѹ£ȻܿƵĶͷɫס
ڡռ䡱ھЩ֮󣬴ʱķҶȻȻڸոջصУûľͻƣӶﵽʱ䣬˶ڹƿأ屾ǿȣʵѾʥεļޡ
ڻûľͻƣʥʱһЩδ
ʥ֮µʱȴȻ߱ѹԵƣ۷ߣҲˣ
ο߻ֻǸոհֻ߲ε˶ѡ
ǡʥвң
˫ȿʼϱҪܲסѹʱķ
ͷһæٴιֱ˾ʮȣϹϾ˵ǰˣôвʵǡЩ˶ǰ׼ҴԺ˵ҪܰǴȥҡûа취ү
ûа취£ʲôϵѡҪô̴˹ҪôǾͶ°ɡ
ķƽûκΣյζߵĶȴĽ
Ϊóķģ
⡭ǰܸܲǰ׼ҴԺһӣ
Ȼ̽һ£ľôˣʵǲģôֱӻȥ壬Ҳûа취ȥ
ǰ϶顭ôͻȻͷȫתıˣ
һ
ķĻشܼ򵥣ֱӳָͷ
ķһı飬ĵ˵ͷڲҲܱȶǿ
ķ˹֣߿ڵǣǰߣ
˵꣬һ֣ʮͷҲصĳһӶȥ
ֱʱķҶȻС֣Ż䵽˺˵ǰ
࡭лǰæ
ǷӦ˹󣬸æȭл
ֻЩҪѯһ£ֻҪʵʵĻش𣬾Ǳˡ
ķڵ˵
ǰܱ߱˵κ⣬֪ģ;κǼүĿǰزҪǸϽҩȥҽΣ˵Ļүв⣬ԡԡǰˡ
Ŀڿ
ûףΪķıΪԵԼǷܹõûаա
ðүģԶ𣿱߱˵ɡ
ķȴǳ֮ĵ˵ͷûκβӡ

˷Щ׼㣬̧ͷһ͵Ŀķ
ôˣ
ϡֵһ䡣
ûûʲôүڲԶһۼأȫٸϹȥĻֻҪʮӾ͹ˡ
ЩŵĳԼķָָͰ͵ؿ˵
ǻʲô߰ɡ
ķ˵ͷȻʾǰ·
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ķҶȻɵظһ˵ͬʱĬĬ۲ΧĻƬԭޱİ˸Ҳκõ
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ҶȻ΢΢һ㶣Ťͷǰ·˺ˣϸĸ֪һ󣬷ķ˵ĹȻûҶȻ⣬գգ۾˼ĵ˵ͷ


799 էȻ
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800 ʮҴҶ
ķͰĵһμĳ˵Ϸԡ
ķҲãǰҲգûжһμκǰ׼
Ե˶Ϊ֮󣬲ûеһʱȥɺ͸Խ˴˵ľǻһᣬƽ±˴˵顣
˺˳ʹֻʣķԼҶȻټϻ֮⣬û˺֮ſʼ˽
ѾǰЩ²⣬ҲһЩϵԤڣ׶Ӱ˵Щ飬ķȻ𾪡
ڼͣĲ廰ѯһЩ飬Ҫҵ˿ֽ֤֤۵Ĵ󣬿ɴӰõЩ𰸣ϵӡ֤ܵĽ
ǾǡҶȻԼȻڡռ䡱жɹʮʱ䣡
Ҳ˵ܶ˺ͻڡռ䡱ľ·ۼѾˡʵ֮ӡռ䡱ڳ֮ڽ롰ռ䡱֮ǰʱĿȴѾǵɱĳ̶ȣ
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ͨͰĽķҲ֪ڰϣʲô顣
ķҶȻ֮ĵ꣬˴ӳʥͽʱ䣬Ȼ»صС
ķʱ²ȷʵ򣬲֮лǳֻԼȽĸڼ֮ԭһ޵λŮⱻ֮󣬲˰顣
ڼгЩ׼ҴԺӵ˵ĳɳɸӵĿڰ׼ҴԺĸ׵Ҳãǰ׼ҴԺĲŲҲգڰ׼ҴԺûκεͬС
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ʵǴӵʥͽľ磬ƷߵĲΡ
ԭĻͻһֱȥͰ׼ҴԺԶҲٲκνϾĸѾȥڰ׼ҴԺȻҲͺκιϵ
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Ҳ˵ôʱȥ׼ҴԺȨߣϵĸףھٹ¶ˮԵҪͰĸףȫ׵ĴӰ׼ҴԺϵ޳
ߴ˰ۣ
ֻǽԼ޳ô鲻κҪĸ޳ܴӦ
ܳɳĹʼûĸ飬ǳ֪ĸⱲԸǵõ׼ҴԺͬԼĸҪ裬Ըȥ
飬Ȼǰ鵥˶صѾʮδصİ׼ҴԺֻǰ׼ҴԺ̬ðŭ
ȻȻģ˫˳ͻܰѾӵƷ߲εɰ׼ҴԺվҲһ֮Уӵ۷ߵĴڡ
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Űһܳģֻһ˺ˣҲǰ׼ҴԺĳֻڰ׼ҴԺڵλ΢Ľɫ
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֮⣬ķѯһЩйص飬֪ڰ֮ǰѾƽ
ǬȥֻǬ֡
ǬԶǬʩ˷ǳϸϿĿƷʽȫƿصܵš
ļڴǬ֮еλȻڻңΪǬһҡ
ͬʱһпȨְλֻһֵļԼȫļ⡣
ǵһңȫ;ھ֮еӰ죬ͨĸһȥ
ǬԶٰȰ˵Ҳ޷ıĵ뷨Ҳֻ֮֮
ֱ仯ķǲûκβļҵתǴѡ񣬺ܶʱ򡭡Ȩȡ֮
֮⣬հ˵һѾѪ⣬ѪҲѾȫɹͻʥͽľ磬ʮǰʹεȫ֮С
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ЩʲôȥˣΪʲô֮󣬴û¼żǵѪ̣ʱҲ˵û֡ǡǻΪʲôء
Լľ֮󣬰һؿķʵ
Ұ˵һʱҲ֪ôȥ㽲
ķЦҡҡͷ
ѵ˵ԼҶȻһĪĿռ䣬ȻĪĶɹ˶ʮʱⲻɣ
̫ӵĻ˰ɣΪʲôʮʱȥȴûκα仯ҶѾˣȴǺ͵ոҪʱһģһʥҲӻ˥ϵĽȣȴ˥ȫͣ͡ôģ
ʵ
ʵһŷǳܵĹһǲ֪ô͡
ķЦҡͷȻİļ򣬽˵ЩԺ˵ڣҪǰͷǸʲô׼ҴԺȻҪϾɱôҲܾôûʲô˰ɣû˵Ļʹ·ɣȥֻع
ķ˵ôһԭΪķ˷ɫʱסȻ˵׼ҴԺ֮һǸ˸Ѿﵽ۷ߵĲΣ֮⣬ĵһҲŰƷߵʱпܽΪƷ۷ߡҡ˵׼ҴԺƺǺŷǳеϵ֮׼ҴԺʵҾáǻǴӳɡ
ôҳԿǲıң
ķЦʵ
ǣ֪Щһñǿ󣬵Ͼ򣬺ֻͬʥεǿߣ֮һԾŶҪΪʥʵ̫ˡ֮еһӵžƷ۷ߴڣӢĶҲžƷ۷ߡô۷ߣȴһֻʮλʥԡҾãǻɡ
鵣ķǲ֮еΣæڽ͵
Ϊ֮ͨǰǳʱĽͨ鷢ķеһЩ飬֪Ĳϸ£Ҳ֪ôȥԼ׾Щʲô
ģȻŻһȥ㱨ˡ
Űһżӣķ΢΢һЦҶȻС֣ŤͷͬҶȻ˵ͻưɣΧĻȫǵͻκˡ
ҶȻ˵ͷڵϢʼ֮
֮ǰڡռ䡱ڵʱ򣬾ܶڹѾûκȱ©Ҳڻƽ𼶵ҩĸͬ±˷֮壬ڡռ䡱ƣķҶȻʼֻͣʥͽĲΡ
뿪ˡռ䡱ҲȫʧȻʱľͻˡ
ķҶȻڵϢͬʱʼܵӰ죬·쫷绮һ㿪ʼ죡
ڴϵİŴͣŴķҶȻӿֳģԶԶĿֲϢһʱȫ뵽˿հ׵С
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ϢǸ˸׻ǿǿĲһǰ㣡
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ѵǶʮʱ䣬ԼҵѾﵽʥ˲ɣ
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ʵ̫˰ɣ
ظķҶȻڵϢϷҲ֮ϵı仯ڿʼ𵱳ʱڲͣرķ̼Ӷļ񾭣
ʮꡭΧĶǷǳͨļһð𽥵ġҪָоˡ
ʱ˿ٴλð鱶Уһʱ䣬ʱ򣬶ķäĿĳݺҲȫ
ԭڶʮʱļէȻϲ֮Щİ̱ɢ
ôˣүʲôˣ
ķҶȻɵĶۼ˵Ŀⶼ˰֮С
ԭ͵Ⱥ˺ĸǱܵӣ˽
鲢ûлشֻĿ͵ĶķҶȻ
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䣡
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˸ֱӳ˷ӣİԼ˺ȫ˴Ķᡣ
۾ӵУĴǼ⣬еȫ˴ɣ
ķҶȻڵϢҲͬʱʱ䣡
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802 иĴ˵
ۼ㲢ɢɢռҲΪޣʱ˿ھۼв١
ⲻٵȴѾȫķҶȻͻɵ
˵񶼱ߣЩޱȾ㵣ټķҶȻɢŵϢ֮ǿֱԽգۼĹ۾ӵڵˣȫӿ˰Χ
Щ˵ע£ķҶȻؽϢΧҲ֮ƽ
ֻǾܹ⻪ɷ˱ʥεϢȴѾΧЩ˵ޱ̵ӡ
˿ķҶȻĿг˺⣬ŨŨСĽ
λҪͻȻԴ󷢣СۼϵˣǶҪ
ʥ簡ֻǴ磬ֱӰɣ
ķҶȻҫ۹âӰ£ûκȥעˡ
ŵͻƣɲֻķҶȻɵģУҲ֮۷״̬ΪŵһЩס
ȻڱķҶȻĹâ֣˻ͻԵƽƽ棬ûκ˵ע⡣
ΣڿԴȥı˰ɣ
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ķǿ˿۾ӵһƬǽӣűö׼Ŀռָó˲ٵƷʥԪʯȻɢҵһЩ֤ÿ˶ܵõôĿ󣬿˵ܱǸûпסͻƵĶһЩʧЩʥԪʯǲҲҪ
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ķֱóʥԪʯֻƷģЩ˵ҲѾ൱˵һ롣
Ȼһϲصģ
߰ɣǰıҪʱ䣿´һбҪսپȽϺá
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ǣԶֻҪ˻ԭǰеļʱܵˡڼڱˣһ·ӶݶΪƵԭ򣬲ûӳ̫ԶʥٶǰĻӦûѵʱ仹ܸһ̡
˵꣬תͬ˵ȥһķ¥Ȼͨķ¥񷣡֯ԣ˵ˣ

ĸٴεɴ۾ȻؿķĪɫ
ȿȡ˼¡ǸøҵʥԪʯͨķ¥Ϣض֪ҪһЩѡҶѾտҲˡ
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ķȻŤͷҶȻ˵˰ɣǵ͵ģȻ粻򣬵ȻŸĴ˵


803 Ч
ӻԭ뿪ûкķѶʱ䣬ڵ۾ӵ㻹û뵽ԭһа׵֮ҲСĹ򣬼˾˻ԭıԵ
ķ֮ǣԭıԵȻһƬһۿͷļªС
еĿһ㣬Ҳǰٶҵӣ䳤ȴԽԭȫΧ
ȻԭڵЩ۾ӵҲһó׵Ĺܣھ۾ӵסӰ죬Ķ͵ѵõĻر
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һֱǰУҵٶȣҪʱ䣬ִһа׳ǵĳǳأ׼ҴԺǳ֮СҲǳصʵƿߡ
վ⼯֮Уָһ򣬼˵Ϊһ׼ҴԺµĳǳضʮ׳ǾпƳǳеĺڣǳض԰׳ΪģֲܷŶ԰׳ǵİΧ͹̬ơ
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鿪ڽ͵
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֪ǲڡʵ֮ԵʣЩķѾȫ˸ֹ壡
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ǲǷʲô
ķǰٶȵĻðЩɻ
ûʲôȤˣµʱܵԱǼ˼顣
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ûףҲûѯʣһһѾȫ˼УȻӼϹӶһһȫ뵽˳ᵱУŰ׳ڵķȥ
ܳǰҪķѸʱ䣬зӶȥҲӵ
Ȼķ뾡ҵȻͬһ۵Ķʮʱ򵥵˵һ£ʮȥΪһֱûκϢΪҶȻʲô⡣
룬ʮʱ䶼ôȥˣҲںٶൢ죬αҪΪ˸ʱ䣬ԼĹڷ糾ͣ


804 Ȼ
ȻޱĿŸ׹Լǰļͣһֻ޽ָͷûԵĲ輸󣬵ڰȻǰļȴǻɪɪȻڼȵĿ־嵱С
ǰȻ鷿λڰ׼ҴԺլλãȰȻ峤լӵλûҪܵ
Ϊ鷿ǰ׼ҴԺΪܵĵطƽʱֻаȻԼܹɳ룬ˣǵõȻֻټԲԴ롣
ǼλڰȻĴҲˣ
鷿⣬׼ҴԺĶǿ߻Ա֤鷿ľ԰ȫ
Դʱ˿̣鷿֮УֻаȻ͹ڵϵļˡ
֮͡ǰǰȥ׷ߡ
ȷʥ𣿲ҪΪ˼ԼϵԺҪףǳһµʥɶô޴𶯡ǻӰ쵽ֵı仯
ȻڳĬ֮ڿ˿ڡ
鷿ԭ̵ɲǼⶳڵϵ΢΢˿ȻæؿͷԼ˵Щݣٶظһ顣
ȻڰȻЩͷı£˵үҶ췢ģʥΣȻܲ˼飬ʵˣĻɣҲҴȥЩˣϢĸ֪ҾΪүߣһʥˣǸͻȻֵļһϢǿȡԲʥ֮£
ǰ˵ĵȻͷĻҲͻȫɢˡ
ʵϣɵԭͲôŨңϾǴСڰ׼ҴԺҳʹӣϰʼھҵҵΪ˰׼ҴԺȥ׺ͱߡ
ֻ˵̫ˣöȷһ
Ϊ˵ͻȻһδ˵ʥԸıֵĴ£
ȷԷֻʱ·
Ȼʵ
ȷŰǴԺʥͷϣԷܸӣԷᣬԡҲֻܴ˻ˣΪԷƢǺܺãǼµĻŭ˶ԷЩ˾ȫزˡ
߹ڵϣЦ˵
Ĵû⣬´Ҳ㡣ǴԺĹκ飬ԭ򣬲ֻ̣ҪɡȻûãôⲻҪܵͷȻǵ鱾ȷʵвԵʣͷӦᣬҪ⡣
Ȼޱ˵
ڵϵȴ˿æٴؿͷһԼĸж֮顣
°ɣԼȥ췣顭ͲٹˣУµʥ£棬Ҫͬκ˽һЩˣҲ½֮ǰжķй¶ȥ֪
Ȼ߻˻֣˵
߸æӦһȻų鷿
ȵֻʣ˰ȻԼ鷿ٴ뵽˼ȵİС
Ȼ˿ԼϣһֻȻͣûԵĲ輸
ƺ˼ʲôʵϰȻԺдʱЩ⡣
֪ΪʲôһֱڲͣĸһЩ顭
Сڰ׼ҴԺһǳ֡Ҽͯ꣬ʱİ׼ҴԺ֮ǿֻǶ˰׳⣬һֻǳصĿȨ
ȻСչֳ˷Ƿ츳Ϊ˰׼ҴԺδľ֮š
һֱͻ֮ǰȻʵٶȶʼձһֿӱް״̬֪ƿΪİȻȻȻı˼ԸԸ
˳µĳΪߣ˳µļ̳˰׼ҴԺΪ׼ҴԺһ峤
˳µ۷ĲΣĳΪж⼶ĸ֮һ
Ѿʮǰ˰ɣ
ǸʱİȻ緢ʶĿֻ򶼲츳ϺȣκˣЩʥԺ󶼱ȻҪΪ̤ʯ
ƫƫڰȻĴﵽ˶֮Ĵۡ
֪ǲǰڵʵʼ̫ԵʣȻվ۷Ĳ֮ľ㿪ʼͣͣ
һʼʱ򣬰ȻҲûʱڱͻƳΪʥǲʵǵͣͳʮ꣬ȴʼ˿˿ĳɹϣ󣬰Ȼ̬ʼʧ⣡
ҲǶʱ˰飬ֻǶڰȻһޱȸ߰ޱԸĳֻһֳ衣
ϾĶӣΪ˱ȻòȡεֶΣŽ͵
ԭհȻ뷨û˼ıӻֻһֵͯطĿܱڳɳĹȥ
˵Ļ۶ڰ׼ҴԺǶһǳĽ֡
ǲ룬鲻һúܺã
Լ»ص򣬲ߵĲΣ
׼ҴԺĵһšʮʱȥȴȻûдһ˿ʥ֮
ȻûŲ輸ָͣһ˿ɫ
飬ҪΪѾΪħΪʥԡ͵ΪΪ㡭ҲҪȥ


805 ׳
ڼʮǰ׳ǲûô뿪ǰʱ򣬰׳ǵҲֻڵ֮ҡŰ׼ҴԺĵλԽԽߣΪ׼ҴԺĸڣ׳ǵĵλҲʼˮǴߣӿסԽԽ࣬ǳر𽥵ķչ⸱ģ
ķҶȻǰ棬һߴ·һ߿ڽ͵
ɱҶȻڻ˴ʱոս뵽˰׳ǵĳǳ֮С
Ȼڰ׳žԵƿ׼ҴԺ˸û뵽龹ȻôȫһͶһ»ص׳ǡ
԰׳Ǳľɱճˮ׼ϣҲûרȥעǵȺ
˿ĳǳر仯Ǹռǳصռǳصʵ½أǳرռݵѵһ𣿡
ķʵǲͣڵ·ߵЩϻ
֮ǰ·ϼʱĻ壬ʵ֮ЧƺѾȫɢ˳
ȻԾɶھ޷ɿ͸ЧǶκķѾԽֽ֮ʴڻԼڱˡ
ԾĿǰķҶȻ磬磬ȫͬ磡
Ҫĵˣ㹻ǿܹ֧Ŷɹ͹ȣӭôȻ̫⡣ǵ̲㣬һʱĵ͹ȱʹ֮ƣռݵĳǳرпܱǿᡣ֮жڳǳصѪȺͱϾǳؾĸ
˵ţתķҶȻһ¥
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ᵢɣ
ķ޲ɵЦ˵
ᣬ׼ҴԺʱҪĸ״ӼǨȥҲҪļ顣֮ǰ֮żĸϻΪֹ±ϼµ̣⼸Ҳͨˡһ塭ʲô˼Ҳûб׼ҴԺǼˡԼȻҪĸ׵ķǨߣҾԼĸ׵Ĺǻ°ȥ
ҧ˵
İɣ鲻ܾôˣôߵĴߣǸҪǸĴҲ١򣬴ֻ۸ˣûб۸˵
ķն˵
ΰ׼ҴԺǰ׼ҴԺʮһʢ׼ҴԺʵѾչһƿǸ˸ףôʼûκͻʥļ󣬿ʥͽ֮صҲپʵǴ㿪ʼչ׼ҴԺ
һ̳Ӱһ𣬸ķҶȻֱһ󣬽˵񡭡ڱǴ˴ΰ׼ҴԺĹ˶Ϊ˱԰׼ҴԺӣڻᰲһ̫ϳǰΪڵĴͰ׼ҴԺˡҪڰ׼ҴԺµĻ»᳹׵ŭڡ
㵣ʲô
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ֻȥҪĸ׵ĹǻңֱӺͼһйϵô׼ҴԺϣҲֻű顣ڰ׼ҴԺ¡¾ҪˡȻʥΪʮ֮һСӣŭǣԺҪ粽еġ
齫ԼĹ˵˳
ʵֻԼĻôʲôȥܣ죬꣬ҪĲǡ
ڼȻǣķҶȻ㲻ϣֵ޷صأΪⲻһ˵飬κξҲشӰ졣
ɴں˵жôǿ󣬶׳ǴһĻᣬҲЩĴ㣬Ͳˡ
ڰ飬ҶȻȻ˽ķŰΪǵӣҶȻ̲סķһۣ˵
Ĵ㣿ʲô㣿
ʶʵ
ȷʵЩĴ㣬֮ЩǶûҵ֣ҪΪЩҺȻʼձһصĵط֮ǰʱҺȻոմǸصĵط˳Ȼ˵ǸصĵطջСֻҺȻѾӵʥɿһߣվ뿪̫ãһЩҪ鷳
ķ˵ͷҲ˵һ磬һʱ֪ҺȻѾ»Ϣڰ׳ǴһԷǳ򵥵Ľ⡣ڵŭ㲻÷ϣҺȻʥλ磬ҲʥֻҪûлλʥ϶ҲѡЭġ
λʥ
㶵ؿķ˵


806 
ʱܿȥȻҪִķҲͲ졣
ڰĴ£˰׳õһҿջ￪䷿ʱķҶȻϹ˴׳ǣ
ֵʱȣĹ־Ѿ˼Ĳͬ
ΪеģʵĶ
һ޷ͨȥ˽͸磬ĿȫǱĹʻôӸԴ˾ͲٳΪӾϵ
ķҶȻҪȥϰ״̬Ϊֵ粻ͬôκ飬ܹѡӦԷʽȻҲͻżĲͬ
ʱ䲻ķҶȻ˵ջȴʵС
ʱȥӦϰߵǰӽ⣬ɢѪҲ½½ĸϵ˰׳ǵС
鰲ȥķ¥Ϣ˺Ѿ˻ͬ˳ϢҹѪһס˿ջ֮ڡ
ʮûѪǶķҶȻĸȴû˿һҲֻ߸ƷʥͽʵˣķȴȻŵֳݺͺޱӡ
ֻڱʮ겻ĸʱѪЩ֮䶼˿ݵĮȴһ棬޵ļγϡ
ķû˽ԼϢҲ֪ķ¥ʵΪķ¥֮Ĺϵ̫أ򲻵ѵ£ķ¶ֻ
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һ֪ԼҶȻϢһһʱĸϹҲʡԼȥˡ
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еѪ̶ʱϵ˰׳ǣķ¥ṩϢķʽǳᵢʲôʱ䣬ѪȻȫš񷣡֣֯ȴ֮ǰķʧӰ죬ϰ˵ж
ʮѪɢ֮У˴֮ҪȫۼǶ̶̼ʱڱܹġ
ʱ˰׼ҴԺʼһ죬һҲֻʮѪ̸ϵ˰׳ǡ
Ѫֶڸ·ϡ
Щ֣ķѾ㹻ˡ
ҪսҶȻѪǣֻ׳һ׳ƣԼܹɰˡ
ϾѪѾʮûмԼҶȻˡ
׼ҴԺǳʢ¡أΪ׳ǵʵʿߣ׼ҴԺڰ׳ڵĵλȻϵġ
˴ǰ׼ҴԺʮһεʢ䣬Ҫˣ˰׼ҴԺȻȻı㾪׳ǡ
а׳ǵľһͷ飬뿪ԼļңŰ׼ҴԺӿȥ
ΪˡǴ˴֮صһ飬Ϊ˵Ĺׯʢ󣬰׼ҴԺһ죬ȫĿż壬Աþܶ뵽С
Ϊ˴˵ļ֤ߡ
άȻɰ׼ҴԺԼ𣬷׳ڵЩҲڰ׼ҴԺңǰΧ۵糱纣б֤ġ
Ȼһۣͷڷŵǰ׼ҴԺΨһһϵȰһֻصɫйٱʡ
ڰȻʮ׼ҴԺҪ
ǰ˺ܿ㽫ĵطΧȫڰȻĴ£ʮ׼ҴԺҪ㿪ʼĹ̡
κμĵ񣬶ޱȷҿģԽ¡صĵֿͻԽԡ
׼ҴԺҲ⡣
ֻǿŰȻһλεеȰװϵȰйٱʣڰȻļʮҪÿһ˵Ҳǰ˸߶˵չʾΧЩ׳ǵľ˵Ҳʵǹһ񫡣
еҲ˳˳ıǰ漸̶̡
һֱ׼ҴԺĽ׼ҴԺѰԼĸ׳׵Ĵлȥӽ쿪ʼ׼ҴԺκιϵʱΧЩΧǲſʼ׷״鵽˭
ȻȻһޱģʵȴЩǵġ
Ҳȫʱ׼Ӧһпܵͻ״
ɵ˽ҿʼҪһڵʱΧȴûκⷢðȻ˿ֻԼʵ̫СĽˡ
һڱǴ˴һڣҲҪͷϷ
ֻҪɣζŰ׼ҴԺǰĵλӴ̩ɽΪǿӲʮɽ֮һ
Ȼ˰׼ҴԺҪʽˣڵѾֻʥε̫ϳϿȻվ˰ȻʱһȴǺȻԶƮ
ûҵͬ⣬˭Ҳ˳˳νˣ


807 ֯ϣ
ʲôˣȻ˿𣡣
Զڵ̫ϳ϶ʱüͷŤͷԴķͬʱǳ
ǴΧЩƵӿ׼ҴԺȺдģƮȫʶŤͷԴķ
·ڴһĿУķҶȻС֣ŰʮѪ̣ɣֱ˰׼ҴԺϿգ
ķҶȻԼ󣬰Ȼɫʱ΢΢һ䣬Ϊ֮ǰ͵ˡƺĪĳ֣ĪĲ˰ʥ
ǡʥ
ôء
ȻأԻɵʱڵ̫ϳѾٴοڵˣǳԲѷ𣿡
Բѷ
ķҶȻС֣˼Щվŵĸ̨ǰ̫ϳϵĻ΢΢һȻЦֻڳʵҲԲѷںǰ׼ҴԺ֮ˣûҵͬ⣬㲻ܽȥ򣬱ҪΪУԺһὫΪˣչսΪ
ⷬķƽƺֻڳ
Χ˵Ķȴÿһ˶һʱ䱥𾪡
Ȼˡ֮ͥ¡ҪչսΪ
ûɣˡǷ˻ɵˣ
ڵ̫ϳ϶ķ˷ӦҲȫûκ׼ؿķһģ
ȷķû˿Ц˼ڵ̫ϳŭЦЦΪԼ˭ȻҶָֻţչսΪʮҲ˵Ļѵ㲻֪ߵغ𣡰׼˰Ƕɱˣʴʣ֪ҪֳЦ
ݣڵ̫ϳϷǳŭ޲ܰķеȴȻԸԼ֣ǿͬһԵİȻԸ
ֻǰԼǰĻȻͲ˵ĻᣬͰŰ׼ҴԺһӵϣֱӽ鵱£Ȼƻɣ鵱ڴˡ
ķҶȻ֮ǰ˵ЩܵǰķҶȻϸܲκʥεϢȻȻֵΪ
üͷǰһڵ̫ϳϵȻķһȭڵ֪λѸγƺ˴ˣǰ׼ҴԺڵĴ£ѲҪҲͽİ飬µĶӣֻһֱҰ׼ҴԺǳҰ׼ҴԺ֮ŷǳᣬҲ˴ǰǲܵӰ죬ǵĻܹǷǣҪױӹƻ󡣡
ȻӦΧЩΧ۵ȺʱһƬȻԭֱơһڳԵˣ԰׼ҴԺһֱϰߣ϶Ҫǿѹɱڵġ
ЩˡѲʲô˲õ
һʱ䣬ÿһ˿ķĿУɻ
ôС̽ûʲô֣Ҳû˵ܵӵĹƻ󡭡ҵˣȻίҵȻҪͷûʲôƻ󲻹ƻ˵
ķӸµĿŰȻһ΢Цļ˵ҽķӰ飬ҵͯ
ķ˭
ΧһʱȫЩ֮ſʼķֵ˭
ִֻȴûеõκȷĻӦܿ죬Χǰ˱ȫȷûκ֡
ЩŻͬʱȻڵ̫ϳҲͣѹԼԺеļ䡣
Ȼͽͣڵ̫ϳȷԼȫûжӡϵŭɫһʱԡ
ŰȻŭ׼Ϊʲô֣ѵǰ׼ҴԺֲ֪ʲôĳļһﶼҶǲңǾ˵һϷǴ֮ˣҿҲҪºϼˣڲҪһųûӵѣ
Ȼɫһ䣬ʧܣЩŬ͵ȫ
׼ҴԺҲʱΪжЦ
ϣʵ޷ͻƵ£׼ҴԺһ¸߶ȵ뷨Ҳȫ
Ǿ޷̵ģ
̫ϳϵŭ󣬰ȻҧҧСȥ̽ȻԷѾ鷳ģǾսɣ
ԷʥεǿߣٻԼĿɽ
뵽ȻһϢȻһӱùʮ㡣
վڰȻǼʮ׼ҴԺҪԱҲ׷ͷڵϢ
ܵ˰׼ҴԺЩ˵Ӱ죬ԭķҶȻԼʮѪ̣ͬϢڣ
ʮѪ̡ȫ߲Σ
ΪʥͽεѪʵԵԼ־Զ߲εѪ̶ûüϻ
ʮѪȫ߲εϢ׼ҴԺ˺ڵĶˣ


808 ֯У
ǶһʥȻǳ£ǰ㣬һ˾ӵſֲվֻһ˵ĻһֻҪ־͹˼ɱá
һԶ޷ͬһȣΪܹռݵԴź蹵һĲࡣ
ʥ»һȺߵĻǾ;Բͬնˣ
ʮĲΣҪһóʮߣʲô׵顣
ϾԽӴҪά͹̵ĵҲԽ࣬ȻҪǿ̯ѹ
ͬʮֲε֯ճҪפڸеǿߣϾҪռǿİٷ֮ʮϡ
ҪʱʮߣʵǷǳѵġܶ޷ģ
ȻǼʮ׼ҴԺҪӵ߲ģҲ֮һ
ʣЩֻǸƷʥͽˣ
ˣҲǰ׼ҴԺ߳ϵĸ
Ϊ˽Ӹǳгֻƽʱİ׼ҴԺӵеǿڳ֮һ
ԵѪǽ߲εȫչֳ󣬰Ȼڵ̫ϳ붯ݣ
ͬʱķڵϢҲʼͷϸһ㣬Χÿһ˵עѪϵʱϢʥĲΣ
ڡռ䡱ѾеĹȫϸµףķԸĻԱȫʥϢʱ˿ȴûôչֳϢǿȣֻͬӡУ൱
ֻˣҲ㹻ˣ
رǵڵ̫ϳϺͰȻڸ֪ķϢı仯֮ڵ˻ǰ׼ҴԺˣ㶼û˷ŵַŭȡ֮ģǼȵ𾪺Ͳ
㡭㵽ʲôˣܡӵʥεôΪҡҲû֣
ڵ̫ϳϵɴ۾һŵıе
˵ˣҽķʲôˡ֪ûһС񷣡֯ءǡ񷣡
ķʼ磬ָָԼ󣬿˵
񷣣
ڵ̫ϳһʱЩãȻʶŤͷ˰Ȼ
Ϊڵ̫ϳϣƽʱҪκ׵ټʮǰѾ۷ߵĲΣΪܹһЩʱڱչسʥ״̬
еĳӣҲΪ˵չ״̬Զ⼸ʮһЩʱֱ仯ʵλ̫ϳ˽úٺ١
񷣵
ȻȻķ˵񷣺ʻ󣬰Ȼɫһʱ쳣ʡ
׼֪ʲô֯ΪʲôҴû
ڵ̫ϳϸæʵ
ϣ񷣡֯ʮпʼո¶ͷǵģû񷣡֯࣬Ŀǰ֪һҲֻʮ˶ѣʣǾӢΪÿһ񷣡֯ĳԱǴͻʥͽľġ
ȻϵķһۣſЦͬԵ̫ϳϽ͵
Ȼ˵ʵλ̫ϳϲǶǰģҲһЩǿ߸̫ϳһΪڵĴ
Լ˵Щڵ˿϶Ҳн⣬ʱ򷴵ԵùСЩ
ÿһ񷣡֯ĳԱͻƵʥͽ
ڵ̫ϳϳˡ
ܹͻʥͽļһޱϡٵģĴһܹɹ뵽ҲԲࡣ
ƽʮһǷǳġ
ټϷͻʥͽ뵽ļһʹûһƽƽġ
ɳʥͽʥͽǱʵҲǿѾ֮йϵˡ
һɳʥͽô˱Ķ⣬ĿܱһƬȷѪꡣ
κһ뵽ʥͽһ㷺Ĺע
ȴû뵽񷣡֯Ȼȫɵģ
ʲôЦ
Ŷʱ䰡ôܳô뵽еʥͽЩһȻˣľٶȡþǿ߶ҪȥĨ˰ɣ
ʷûгֹȫʥͽɵ
ʥͽֻһ޴Ĳˡȴô˱̬ļһۼһ𡭡γɶôֲ
ڵ̫ϳͻȻԼƺЩˡ
ķķʮѪ̣̫ϳһʱֻƺͰ׼ҴԺˡʲôõѡ
ܶԷ࣬չֳʵȴѾ㹻ڶòȥӣΪ˰׼ҴԺͺ˽𡭡ǵòʧ
һԵİȻ̫ϳϲͣ任ɫ̲סһˡ
֮Բ˵ʵ飬Ϊ̫ϳ϶ҡ
ڿҡӦǲɱˣ


809 ֯£
̫ϣ⡮񷣡֯ȷʵǳЩꡣʵʮǰ񷣡֯㿪ʼ֮Сֻһʼʱ򣬡񷣡֯ĳԱֻǵƷʥͽԲû̫˵Ĺעһ㲻ϡ
һڵľӢԱǰһյ̫ϳϵ˵
֯ĳɳȴǳ٣ԱĹģʼպСÿһԱʵٶȶΪţҵսǿͬ£񷣡֯ĳԱϿԱΪ޵еġͬʱǻ֮սȶսҪǿöࡣ˵ӵкϻ֮Ասܹﵽս֮͵ӵĻô񷣡ܹ֯ﵽ屶һϵԽ࣬ľԽǿֲ
Լ˵Ľܣڵ̫ϳϵ˵ͷʾ˵ȥ
һʼע񷣡֯ģʵֻķ¥ѣֻʱƣ񷣡֯ԽԽǿ󣬱ֳսǱԽԽţҪ֯˽⡣̫ϣǲ֪˽ԽͻԽ֯жô¡
ڵ°Ĵ˸£˵֯ĳԱٻۼһƽʱϰڸԵжɢһЩͨ״ǴھԵƣЩ񷣡ҲϰԼȥΣЩ񷣡ƺܹͨһķʽ̵ʱۼһ𡭡
Դӡ񷣡֯ȫԱһֹΡÿһζĸһӰ졣Ƿһ֮ǰһΣ񷣡֯һԱŵ˷˳ͻ̫Ҳ֪Щ쵰ƽʱжôԵֻʵӲҲʮһֱаԵһȴù񷣡֯ԱЩŵ˷ɱ񷣡μᣬȻӲĽŸƽˡ
ŸƽˣҲһ϶ӵ۷ߵϰϵȵĴ޸ս൱ɹֱۣӱƽˣ
ڵ̫ϳٴ¶ݡ
ǣ̫ϣһսǡ񷣡֯һսۣǧͽ˲أʥͽ֮ϵĺͽûһɿݣ񷣡֯Ա£ɱɢӲ񷣡֯ʷۡ񷣡֯ȴûⳡսгκʧ
ԼҾӢԱĽܣڵ̫ϳɫԽ粻
ΪԷʵֱӷͬ׼ҴԺˣɻڵɼʧ
ˣƺҪֱӺ͡񷣡֯ϡûʥ£Է˵״̬һһʥǿߴ졭ȫԱҲûоԵİսʤ֮
ؼǣΪһ׼ҴԺǿĵˣȻͲڵҪ
ۿ̫ϳϿʼԵɣȻʱˡ
ϣ׼ҴԺڵ˿Ѿ˵飡Ϊˣǰ׼ҴԺ࣬ɲʱڣֻһ񷣡֯ѣǿҲܱȵڣѲΪʮ֮һڻᱻס𣡡
Ȼټ죬Ҳǽ
а̫ϳϵӣƺڿҪͬ׼ҴԺ˵¡
ڷڵĻ׼ҴԺôܵסһʥʮߣ
ⲻǿЦ
û뵽ԼǸӾȻʶ񷣡ˡһǡ񷣡ͯ
֪˵ʲôҲ֮ǰ鰡
׼ô˵Ըǰ׼ҴԺˣǰ׼ҴԺʣ˵ʵǰ׼ҴԺҪڵǵӰҪһǰᣬǱ˱Ӧ𺦵ڵ档
ڵ̫ϳҡҡͷƺ˾һ㡣
˵ˣôǰ׼ҴԺһƵҲûʲôǰ״ǰ׼ҴԺѾǵһ鷳ȴҪڸǱͲ˰ɣ٣ûǴĻǰ׼ҴԺں˵ʱû顣
⡭
Ȼһʱ֪˵Щʲô
Ȼû顭Ϊ֮ǰҲͲ֪鰡
֮ʱֹɣ׼Ȱǰ鴦ԲȻ˵ȻκεˣҲ׵ظ˵ǹʹ
˵꣬λ̫ϳϳķ˹֣ڵķ֯Ͱ׼ҴԺ֮ľףڲУԱ㡣
£λڵ̫ϳϱŤͷڵˣֱȥ
һʱ뵽˹İС
ʮ֮һڡȻֱӱˣ
ڿʲôЦ


810 
Ŀλ̫ϳϵĴ£̼ʧԼߵУȻֻУһʱԭء
ЩԭܹȺҲһȫ뵽ĿɿڴľصС
˭û뵽澹Ȼᷢչ
ʮ֮һп۷ĴڡȻᱻһֱܣ
˭Ż鷢
ʶʱΪܣȻɵѾˣǾͿ̸һ̸ˡ
ȻѡãķҲȥ׷ҶȻС֣䵽˰Ȼǰǻ֮ɫİȻƽ˵
ȿȡˣ롭֮Щᡭȥҵ鷿Σκβ԰׼ҴԺ峤屣֤һһĽɺã
Ȼϸޱεı飬Щһ˵
ʵʼóôǰˣĿ֮£׼ҴԺ涪һɶ˵ؼǰľƺȫ֪ôȥճ
ȲܲܽǰΣҹܹҹҲ֪ҪĴۡ׼ҴԺѾע˻ΪЦ
Ȼãǿʱ裬ʱģǰ׼ҴԺй޳ܡûȤʲôĽףιǸҵͯҳӵģһ˵һ˵棬ѻ˵á
ķȻΣڳһʱֱֽ߻һɣһƦ˵
Ȼһѿı飬ķǿƣûκη
ҵͯԭҲ׼ҴԺˣѪԵϵĻĶӡȻ㲢ϲӣԽ˼塣ⱾҲûʲôϵһ࿴˳ۣѿҲˡǧ򲻸ãҪҵͯ壬˶׷ɱ䳹ɱĲݡ̵ġ
ķŰȻһʥεϢȫŰȻȫ
ڰȻѾﵽ۷ĲΣһװҲΪ߶ˣķϢ֮£ȴЩѣȥƣķϢ࿹ˡ
Χ˵ʱİȻȻǺķվţ˿ȴԵıķһͷҲǲĹţ·һ㡣
ϵĲ𣬾͸ˡ
⡭СЩᡭ
Ȼֻܲ԰׵ķ˵ôͬһʡ
ҵͯǰ׼˵ĻǼڲԭҲò֡Ͼ񷣡֯ǽģймҹ棬ڲȻǼڲȻѾҵͯ˼壬ôҲͺǰ׼ҳ׵ûκιϵǼڲ飬ʾͱ˰׼ҴԺ׷ɱҡ񷣡֯ˣ׼˵ûɣ
ķڵ˵
Ȼһɬĵûн壬϶Ҳҳ鷳ֱ˵ҪվڵµƸߵϡ˼
ȻЩﻰǲ˵ģķѯʣȻΨһģֻګګĵͷ
ȻҲΪôͺýˡǰ׼ҴԺ׷ɱҡ񷣡֯ˣͼҡ񷣡֯˳ɱǶҡ񷣡ƺսΪ񷣡ҵȻҪΪµ˸ⳡսʹӽ쿪ʼɣ
ķ˵꣬ڿֲϢȻɢһӽ׼ҴԺլΧȫУ
ǰЩ׳ǾܵʥǿߵĿֲ
һ¶֮ɫͬʱܵıҪʼ׼ҴԺķΧ
ķ˵ĺսΪķ˲ݵսôͨǲСıľ棡
˱㵼ΧȻ뵽˻ҵУǰİ׳Ǿȫʼȿֺ롣
˴ӵ£ȻȻı̬ʧء
ЩӵʦڵǷΧӵٶȺ󣬿־ռȫܶǣһЩʶĶΧ˳֣Ҿһ𣬱ƽ֮䶯ֵԽԽ࣬ʵǿȻռƣɱһѪ·ӡ
ʵ˳رĿ꣬׼ҴԺլΧڣʱҵĲҽкս춯ʹð׼ҴԺ׳ڵĽأһʱ侹һƬǽ塣
ƫƫıʣ׼ҴԺȴ˿ӦԵľٶ
ûȥЩ׳ǾҲûȥԼլֻ֮бƻʲôģÿһ׼ҴԺ˶ŵضķһѪ̣ڵİ׼ҴԺ˵ܹвĴڣ


811 ˾Ĳ
ȻܺڣһֱڣϰʱΪڵһ̣
ǵԼʥεʱûڹ
ΪԼʥεʱɵӰֻǶԼԣֻʧȥһһʵǵĻᣬԼʧȥվ֮۵Ŀܡ
ڡڰ飬ȴпֱ͵壡
˵ŵĴԶҪڸ˵ʧ׼ҴԺĻϣôȻҪѴ便ˡ
ۿķԽԽʢʮѪ̵ϢҲԽļȻҧҧȻڵˣ飬Ҳκα⣡ҳеΣҲӱܣǷܹĹ׼ҴԺҰȻԸһе

ŰȻ˵ôһΧ׼ҴԺͬʱһ̲סڽе
ȻЩ׼ҴԺĿУŷǳߵĵλ˵ȻҪԼȫ׼ҴԺ׼ҴԺˣһʱȫ빲ڵͷ
飿˼أ
ķûлش𣬶Ťͷ˰顣
ֻڰϣĲֻԥģȫǿ̹ǵĳޡ
һе𣿵ǿռĸ׵ӣҵĸ׻ңºȴҺҵĸΪ裬Ƕ԰׼ѪۣǸʱ㣬ôû˿Ļ⣿
ߵķԣԼŰȻʱ˫ʹ޵
ûҵĸֻǰ׼ҴԺûκελŮ㱻ǿռӣҲӦøм㣬ԼҡȻ׼ҴԺ߸ϵ峤ˣֻҪڰ׼ҴԺϵߣκһ飬ǺȻġ
鶢ŰȻЦƾʲôƾʲô˿˼ǵĸܣƾʲôҵĸҪʹ࣡ҺҵǶʱҪܵȫıĺ裡ƾʲôҪЩʼĴɣƾʲôͬĹѪҵЩνֵܽþͿԵõȫµϲҸжɹʱͯʱ⣬ɳұҪӵһдĿʼɣƾʲôĺȴҪҺҵĸȥе
顭ҶԲĸӡҡ
ȻƺҪǸߣȴֲ֪˵Щʲô
α˵ЩϵĶ˵ٶҲ޷ֲɵ˺ӵеѾǰ׼ҴԺܹԿļޣͲֳܱڵӰɣҵҵܼ򵥣ϣǡȫȥ
˵
Ȼͫ׾ûڣķȻֱ̧֣Ҫ󣬴ݻٰ׼ҴԺ
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ʮѪĴӦһȻ㻢Ⱥһ㣬Էֿ׺ݵĳŰ׼ҴԺլȥ
ԭһֱſҶȻĻʵɰķ·𶡵޺ĻҲֱӴҶȻĻб˳
ڰУС˲ֱͣͳҳȣ׶߶ȵľ޴׻֮ͣ
໣
һĻХ׼ҴԺƺ⻢Х
Ȼ㶵ؿ˲ĻŴӻӿֳıҪǿϢһʱľ
Ҳǳĸɴ࣬͵ı仯Ϣ֮Ӵ㾶ֱŰ׼ҴԺ翹Ϊǿҵĵطȥ
ͬʱ֪ǲΪð׼ҴԺ˳׷ֿͷʼձŰҶȻҲͬķǰ㣬һʥεϢͷ˳
ķվһʥϢȫ˰׼ҴԺϿգѹȻҪԶԶĴķһѹ
Ϊ׼ҴԺϾеһǧĻۣʹð׼ҴԺصޱǿºʮȻżĲ࣬ǽȫȫͷųԸһʥεǿߣЩ취ģ
ʥĳ˰׼ҴԺܹԸķ롣
οʮ߲εǿߣԼһֻʵ۷ߵǿʥޣ
ȻĿЩ͵ĿǰķҶȻͬʱ֪Ѫ̺ͻԼլŰĵޱȸӣķȴƫƫ֪ôӺ𡭡ĿǰΪֹķҶȻֻϢѹûĶ֡
һЩӦķҶȻҲ뵽սֵСǶڰ׼ҴԺ˵һѣ
԰Ȼڵľ֮¡°׼ҴԺѾھԵƣܹһЩ˳ɹߡϾѪǵ̫٣ܶ׼ҴԺγɾԵĿƺͰΧ
ҪķҶȻҲʼжô׼ҴԺܲ˳ߣĲö֪ˡ


812 Ľᾡȥ
Ȼʼûж
Ϊ׼ҴԺ峤ӵŰ׼ҴԺǿʵŵĺϴŵģǰ׼ҴԺǿȴڰ׼ҴԺ뵽ʷԶȹΣʱ޷ս
ܰȻԼɣǲսĻɵӦȻ׼ҴԺٵľϾԵֿ
׼ҴԺȴȥһ㡣
űǿĵ˹ݣԼ޷ȥֵ˽ʱÿһ׼ҴԺ˱ܵĶҪԼ峤ĳ֡
ҪԼǿսڹؼʱ
˶֪Ȼֻ۷ߣ˶֪ٵĵ˵УӵʥĴڣڰ׼ҴԺĿУǵ峤
ǼţֻҪǵ峤ڣֻҪǵ峤Ըսô׼ҴԺзΪʤĿܣд漣Ļᣡ
ǵֵȴòκλӦȻʼҲûв뵽սֵУʱƣ׼ҴԺ˱Ŀʼо
һıڱĻҪصĴݲУ
ķġСʼ׼ҴԺķΧ֪Χ֮еϢʧֻٲֳɹ룬ķȴûκεĶ
ֻǰ⿪ĽᣬðܹڵԺ
Ϊ֮ǰκ˰ڵƺͷ֣ľ״̬©ģܽ׼ҴԺɵӰ׵ĽҿôȻһȥʥľ硣
ԶķֻҪ׼ҴԺðǹԹй㹻ˡ
ҪνĽ׼ҴԺײеֶΡ
ǰһСʱʱ䣬׼ҴԺլΧڵͻֻʣǵĴˡ
»صҶȻԣк
ʮѪҲʮվķֻʣѪ̻ڰ׼ҴԺլΧڽʣ˹
ȻɫһƬ԰ףȻڼʹֳııס
顭ˣ
ȻվķԵİ飬Щ
ԣһֱѻŵԹǷйˡҪΪԼΪۡǰ׼ҴԺΪȥʩĸϵʹึ˴ۣҲûʲôҪ˵ͷˡҵĸվ԰׼ҴԺи飬Ҳϣ׼ҴԺ׵ĳΪʷԣ͵Ϊֹɡ
ЩӣϵɫȴһƬ̹Ȼ
ڿ˰׼ҴԺĲ״֮󣬰ͷԹȷʵѾ֮ɢ
ѪǺͻͳð׼ҴԺʧأʵ½һϣ
£㲻԰׼ҴԺй԰׼ҴԺдҲܱڵĵ̺档
֮µİ׼ҴԺȻΪеķ⣬°Ȼʵȴ޷ı׼ҴԺ˥ܡ
֮󣬰׼ҴԺƱҪһ൱ݷڣڰֱĽȻ㹻ˡ
ȻˣҰ׼ҴԺͲλˡ
ȻȭȻȭķһ쳣䵭˵
˵ǻڰ׳סһʱ䣬׼ʲôҪֵ̽飬ʱҡ
ķ΢΢һЦͬʱԼϢԭѹ׼ҴԺϿյĿֲϢ˲ʧȻҲǸоѹ̼һɨա
ķ˵Ҫڰ׳Ǽסһʱ䣬Ȼɫٱ䣬㲻ķڴʲôע⡣
ˣҲֻĬĬĵ˵ͷȻֱŤͷתȥլһƬǽģˡ
ķͷųϢУȻȷʵоʲôˣΣ˿
ķûٶ˵ʲô֣Ȼˣת뿪˰׼ҴԺլ
±СҶȻĻ
ѪȻովһսڲûܵκսһûжƣģ
ЩݹĽᾡȥ֮󣬰ľҲʼɶ
ֻҪĻȻҪһʱĻۡ
һ¸߰뿪˰׼ҴԺլյ»ص֮ǰڰ׳ھסǼҿջ֮ڡ
һȥİ׳Ǿʼӿ˰׼ҴԺլΧ
ЩУ൱һֶǷźò״Ӱ׼ҴԺլܳЩˣڰ׼ҴԺլս֮Щԭ̼ļһһŨҵĺ˻
˶Ҫ׼ҴԺܵ˶ôصʧ
ȻսĹ̲ûгõʱ䣬ȴʵС׳£˶Ѿ֪˰׼ҴԺϷľ֮䣡


813 Ѱ
ķϣڰ׼ҴԺϵıʣһ˲ܹ֮ע˵Ŀ⡣
ʱƺ¼ӰĲϷͣΪ׵Ľ⿪ĽѾһӵĺô
ʱڣϵʥͽ߲εİ׳ǡ
Щ˵Ŀž˵ͳһԣǶΪǰ۲׼ҴԺһʵУʧ˼Σܹͨһʣȡĺô
͵ҰޣһͻһʱΪ˵
ǿʳ޿ɱ׼
˭еİ׼ҴԺҧһڣ죬˴֮䶼ܳԵٵ⣬ЩȻҪ˴ȥЭоġ
ķһסǸջΪ˱ȥܵĽأ񷣡֯׼ҴԺһսĴÿһ䡣
ʹκһȥں߱ǿʵ
ΪķҶȻչֳʥε
ζţ񷣡֯Ѿǲѷɫκһʮ壡
ڵϻʮв࣬ھԵӲʵȴѾضá
۶ʮеκһ˵ⶼ㲻ǸϢڰ׼ҴԺķƲòѡõڡ
ʱڱ񷣡֯˵Ĵԣλ̫ϳϵʱľ˵ޱȷģȻȥ롣
ǺڲôԸֻ߶еˣǵｫ齲Ȼһζ
ʮЩûк͡񷣡֯ӴľżңɸӵΡ
Щʱ˰׼ҴԺ·һӾͱ˰ϵ⣬֮ǰûüѪҲεȫϵ˰׳ǡ
ķ֮ȻһϲϷ룬˴˵һЩľ
Ѫǵı仯󣬳ʵķǳ⣬ÿһѪɱʱƢԸķ˿ûİĸо򵥵Ľ֮󣬾ֻص˵ʱ״̬
ɣ״̬Ǽõġ
ķȻû˿Ҫ뿪׳ǵ˼еѪֱ̣ӽҰ׳õĿջȻڳһ㳣סļơ
ð׳ڵĴССԻ벻ͨ񷣡֯ҪЩʲô
ھܰ׳Ǹ϶ڰ׼ҴԺĵ鶼ϸĽȴȻûĸҶ԰׼ҴԺ֡
Ϊ񷣡̬̫˭Ҳ֪񷣡ǲǴԼ°׼ҴԺΪʵòóЩ桭
񷣡֯Ǵһ⣬ҪƯ״̬һĻôʱ˭׼ҴԺ⣬Ǿ͵ڶԡ񷣡֯ƣ
ڶҪѡ˱ܣȻðķա
Ӧģ׼ҴԺȴĵĺԥȷ˼ʧ֮󣬰Ȼϣ׼ҴԺƵĳǳֱӷ˴󲿷ֻ֣˰׳ǺĵĳǳأеļԱȫǳ֮С
ͬʱҲЩĳǳܹĲƸԷ˻Ҫǳ֮ڡ
ԴļУ׼ҴԺǻڽ൱һʱ٣δҲȻܹӭڷɵ
һ㣬ȻŲɡ
ֻ֮ꡭºٿһˡ
ÿһ뷨˻ʵڲ²š񷣡֯Ŀĵʱķڵһֱڵȵˡ
һǰĻƻʱ֣ҿջ֮ڣҰϢĸӦֱķҶȻסĿͼ⣬š
ͨϢĸ֪ķ뵽С̽ⷶΧ֮ʱѾǰ֪õ
ķ˷ţžܶʮʱȥòϲûжٱ仯ķûʲôп
Ͼʮʱ⡭ʵֻһ˲֮ˡ
Ȼһȥʮꡭڡռ䡯ʲô֪һʧôõʱ䣬ҸͲȥ
ϵıЩ£Թһ֮ǰһӵסķȻʹķĺ󱳡
˵ʵҶЩƻãԼľȻġ
ķҲӵ£ͬʱЦ˵
ôٿ͵˵ǵõ˼ĺô򲻿ܽʮʱ䣬˾ȻȫﵽʥĲΡ˵ʵڵõķ¥ϢʱţΪǸء
ɿͬķӵЦ˵
ջȷʵǲС˵֤ļʣ޲֮
ķͬЦſ˵


814 
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ո뷿䣬û£ȲĿʵ
Щȷʵʹ࣬ÿÿ뵽ķҶȻоԼҪķҶȻ˽롰ռ䡱ĻҲѡ
ʹʮ꣬ѾҪħӰľ
ͻȻ֪ķҶȻȻţţӵʥεֱ֮ӷе飬һʱ䳯Ű׳Ǹ
һֱľ޴ѹ˲գһͬҲķҶȻЩŨҵĺ档
ӦǶڡռ䡯ɹİɡ
õ£ķԣҶȻһˮ󣬱Żķԡ
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ķǰЩеĹʱûʲôʾǵķʼڹ֮ﳹ׵Щʵʱ˫
ûгԴϣʼձ̬
һֱ󣬴ӡռ䡯õˡʵ֮ȴ֪ʵ֮޷ռ䡯Ȳ£ҺȻֻһ̷һöûа취ʵ֮㣬ҺܱǸ
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ڣ̼ɢķӰ³˵ߵУ·ԡ㣬һֲϢѾȫɢ
ʥǴķܵѹȸУȴֲͬʯֱѹһ㣡
ÿһʥ¶֮ɫĶķ
Ϊڴﵽʥľ֮󡭡һηĵĶһ˵˿־
ͨʥҲܴĸо


820 o
Ŀķһȸװ·oһվ֮С
ʥھ֮һʱ쳣ӡ
ǲʥ;ʥʶıŤͷǸԴҲӵʥװͽֻǿԼӵʥװˣٿʱķչֳĿֲʵ޴ʵͷޱȵơ
ô˵˰ɣʵϣֻҪķڣǾ㹻ʵסսʤͨ죬ڽϴһȫǸһڽ칬Ĵڣжͨ̽ȫʧܸգһΣһԳɹ
ʮ˵
ķʵչ֣ʥڲκɵԴʡ
˾ʥɫһ仯֮ҧҧһλ
ΨֻԳЩ꣬ƺķչֳĿֲϢĳҰ޵ıܡ
Ҳ˵Ļˡ
΢Ц˵
û뵽ϾȻܹһͨǿļһټʥװȷʵѾȥѹƽװͨĳ̶ˡ˲˵ǻʶô꣬˴˶ǸʲôƢҲ϶Ż̵˽⣬˵ⵥǸһᡭҲ֪ô룬Լǲŵġ
ʥĿķק˻˵ԣȻѾӵѹͨʵΪʲôҪȫҡҪһĽ͡
ʥĻʥҲǱܵĵ˵ͷ
һʼΪʵҪеʥһ𣬵״ĻҪðķʵ̫󣬶ܹõ˵ּȵĲȷԶʥ˵Ľ鲢û̫
ڣķչֳ˾ǿ֮飬Ȼûκ⣬ͬģȴʥɴ˲Ļɡ
ǷûгΪʥ֮ǰЩһҲɱϵ˵ͷղ棬ǷǳⲢԸܵĵ
ȻڣѾվ۷壬ֶһֻ߼˥裬ʹЩʧȥһǰľ񣬱հǰ˺
ʥǵķӦʥѯʣЦſڵҸղ˵ˣȻλֵѾǳǿ󣬵ǵıûһǿ֧ţƾȥĻ칬ҲûоԵšϾ칬ֻڲµķĽֹ¾㹻ǺһˣЩۡҪ£һЩѣḶ́ܵĲҪ⡣
˵һȦڵʥ
ЩʥûжͲɺ󣬼˵ڶԭڣ칬Ĺ⣬κ˶ͨ˽⣬ǳǳԣһ֪ⶼ㲻ϡ£Ƕôģѱ֤뵽ͨں󣬲ֳԤڵ״ԡȻԽԽãȺȺһЩ⣬ܱȶȥеҪ׵öࡣ
ǳ̹ϣ˵ҲǺ
ʥ֮һ󣬷׷뵽˳˼С
ƺ˼˵ЩжٿŶȣͬʱҲ˼ȥĻôպͿܵǷԵȡ
ż˼֮󣬱ԼΣķҲһȸװջ˽ָ֮ڣԣͬһڵĶ豭Ʒˮ
ϸ˵ˮζ൱һ̶ϵʥٶȣǲҶ֮еļƷ֮УҲǼأûдﵽһԵĲΣֲˮ
ʱ˿̣ķ⣬ʥƷˮȴͬȰˮһѵζ
ʲô뷨ƻһ롣
ȿڴƳĬģȻϥڴſڴͷԳ
࿼һʲôĻ㿴µѪȴֿɾͻ᳹׵ʧȥ̣ʱ򡭡ȴѪȴֵģпشӴİͼʧĽ
ٱʥ˵
ߣհǰ˺ǽԭ򵥵ȥΪĸӻҾͲῼô࣬Լȷʵ֪ͨڵʲôӵģȻᣬôȻͲܷŹǴһΣ¾㵽Ҳٵȵڶλˡ
ԳһӴʹҲΪһף˵ͷȫɵһ
֪ǲܵ˾Գ̬ȵĴ̼žԳȷı̬ʥҲʼεڵıͬ
֮ͬ޷ĳ޵˾ʥ񣬶ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ȻѾȷôҪֵ̽ģֻϸڰˡ
һʥ֮·ֱ̯һּۻۣķҲûʲôȥȤ
һжȥ󣬱ҶȻСֱ֣뿪˴á
ķȥԳҲǺȻһԼһĽ󣬱Ҳ׷ķ˳ȥ


821 ĪľԳ
ķĸ֪ǰľ磬ֻҪǡСַΧûܹ֪Ķ
οǾԳӴӺ׷ʱ涼žԳĽŲ
Ըո߳ûԶլĿԺ䵱УķҶȻͣ˽ŲŤͷ׷ľԳֵʵ£
Գûлشǿ׳ǰ֧֫ڵϣȻ״̬ķ߳һʹþԳ˿ڸķһ㡣
ͨ˵ĻȻ϶᱾ܵźͿ־ķûдӾԳϸܵκζ⣬ټ϶ʵľţ¾ԳֳĬҲû˿ľִٲ
ֻվԭأؿžԳ
㡭ܲ
֮󣬾Գڿ˿ڡ
ʱǴ֮Уʥּ֮ۻƺҵʱ򣬱˴֮۵Ѿ˳ŴõĴƮ֪ǲʶãһʱʥʩչ˸ĽƣʹúһӾȫ˿
ָһ棿
ķͷǰľԳЦеĿʵ
κη棬ǡȸװʹϡ
Գ˵ĸһ˿ɫ
ƺʥװϤ
ķһЩһζʱȤʵ
ٺ٣ȻϤҿ֮СõˡĿǰΨһһʥʱȴŵģֻҶѡĿùʥʶǿĴڣĿùʥװôģĿùЩһ콾ʥѹƵûжƢʵЩҺܻǶʱ⡣
Գһζı˵
㡭ʥʱǡǶǰˣ
ķʵЩ𾪵ˡ
ˣҲǲˡʱֶֻ壬˵岻󡣴ĽǶʵΪһǻڶݵʱųȫĹʣȻ±һѳһ֡
Գ˻ԼĴԴ˵ȻǵľٶԶԶ޷ͬȣʱٵҲҪԶǸӿţӦģҲӵһӶ޷󼰵ƣƣԸ⸶һдȥȡġ˵̫ԣԽԵõģǾԽǿԽ׵õģ۶ôǶῴء
ĳɼƺܴ󣿡
ķЦʵ
㲻ϳɼֻܴǺƲǣԴʥʵʱһֱڣ֪ʥЩ˻϶һЩͬҸоĵط޵԰ʥ⣬ֻ࣬룡Ǹ磬ǰ
Գĸָͷһָͷ΢΢м˵
Ŷǲ֪˭
˵ҲûһʱѾǳңԶˣϣʥʾģǿϧûеõʥװͻʥʾҲͳ˾ˮ¡
һֻԳ˵ֳ˵ʵҸоЩΥ͡
ķǼ⣬Щε˵
ߣҪǿ˳ۣƾ仰Ҿ͵һưĳ
Գһ
Ȼܹʥʱһֱڣҿǳǿûκ˥ϵļ󡭡ôǲǿΪ޵ģ
ķæת˻⡣
ҲҪ˥ϺֻҵĳڷǳϿΪΪǶʱ⼫ΪƬ棬ºĸĻ˵ĳ治˵Ҳ
Գһƨı˵
ķ̲ס˸ۣȻ̯˫ֵðɣô׷˵ʲôֻΪҵ𣿡
Ȼǣҿûйֻһοȸװܹ㷢ӳұοˡСӣסȸװʥװΪǿģȻѾľ磬Ǿǧȸװͷ
Գ˵ţƺҪķļֻǾƸով𣬾ͷķͣȥֻὲķסɵͣ˰Уڨڨ˻ȥ
ȸװǿģ
ķü
û㲻ҪԭҪԼȥΨһܸǣȸװûô򵥡ȻҺΪԼѾǳ˽ȸװˣȻҪ˵ΪԼô˽ȸװҲһƬģ
Գ˵ţԴȻǰ̽ͭһĴֱֱضķ֣µ˵֮ԺԥĴӦҲΪԵʣ㡭ɲҪʧ


822 пܻزˣ
žԳ˵˲ҪʧĻ󣬾;ֱתȥķҶȻС֣վԭأһʱЩãȻ
ʲô˼
˺һֱԳӴѾ뿪լԺȥ˺լĺԺʧߵУķŤͷҶȻʵ
˵ûͷûԵģ̫٣ܵóȷĽۣһȷûж⡣
ҶȻ촽˵
˵Ҷȸװ˽Ļ̫ǳԡָһ桭
ķͷ̲סüͷ
ҾЩҲûãܶ鶼Ҫˮɵġ
ҶȻһ˵ţһ߸еĻŵ˵ϣȻʵ絽ڴʲô⣿˵ɣȻܾƺں˵˵
ɵȻֻΣڴʲô⣬ҲֻܲµһЩѣ֪ģҲ϶ẦǣɵȥӰɡʥһ֮ˡ
㻹Ĵ󡭡
˵İܶ飬Ҳãˮá
ͬһʥ̸̫֮ɽĺ
бʥȫε߳ǴõʱǶѾԣҹ׺硣
Щʥڴڳ֮󣬲ûٻ̸ཻ˴ҲֻǱ˱ȭַ׷֮ͬ󣬱һɫѸ뿪⴦լ
Ƿ׷׻ֵǹĪЦݡ
һıóѵӣҲ±˿
ķϢĳû˵
ٺ٣ǶѾ߹ˣ˭ܿڵı飿˵ˣһнչ˳ҵȻҪһˡ
ɳЩʥȥķ֣ͷҲصļЦ
㵽ڴʲô⣿֮ǰ˵ҪͨҪʥΪû㹻ĻҺԽԽԣֻǱĻͲҪ̫˲вǣƾҺȻټϻǱĹ鷳Ӷ칬֣Ҳ㹻ȥԽ칬ķˣΪʲôһҪʥµ
һӣķüʵ
޷һ׼ȷĴ𸴣ΪȸװһЩϢҲֻǴӸҥġΪķ¥Ŀߣȷʵıֻ漰ʥװܶණֻȥ²⣬ܰٷ֮ٵȷΨһԸǣΪ㣬ҲΪԼ
ϵıתķ˵ķ¥ѼЩʥװϢھж֮󣬵óĽûĻô͵һνͨ¥пܽٻҪһǰᣬʥװ۲УԳͻ⣬װװӵҲȥ
ٻʲô˼
ķüͷø
ܹɹǶܹ֮ͨ⣬Ҹ˵ɣ
ѯʣķ˵ͷ
ôΪһڹ֮⣬㻹ܼ𣿡
ʵ
ķ΢΢һգգ۾󣬲Ǻȷʵ˼ǡҺȻɹĽͨҳɹĵͨϲ㡭ͻֱ뿪磿
Ҳ֪
ķ֮ģҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ȥǸǸصϢȥһܹͨϲ㣬еĹʹʽǸʱ;񶼽ﵽһΣ罫޷ټ㣬Ϊʱ̬ᳬ籾ܹ֧ŵļޡ
˵ĺһ˵һ֯ԣƺҪһǳѵ顣
ķȴˣֻһۣķʵЩᡣ
֪ԥʱԺúõ˼һ£ǷܹܡһɹҪȥӭһȫδ֪δʵϣܹ͸ıʣҲ뵽ҪȥͨΪֻ㣬ϣͨĶ塣
ķƽļ˵˵ΪԼҲܼ򵥣Ȼֻ͵ϣʵͨĶ壬ôǰȥʵֻΪͨĳֲɵõˡ͵ĳɹˣҲ뿪磬ʣµһؼëҪܹɨСʥʥĻ칬ҪˣҲõǷͬʱŴѹ˵ǰɣ
ķüë˼һվ޷ֱ¾ֻÿڵҼʱ䣬ҡҪҶȻһ¡
û⣬ľʲôҶ֧֡˴ֻȥһͨȻٴҡڵĻˡ
ķļ򣬺ɵ˵


823 
һµʱķҶȻ˱㶼û뿪⴦լ
Ѫÿ춼ȸʥй䣬ڼҲһЩ˷ͻЩͻֻСģĶѣѪǵʵȫѰǿСͻҲûʲôģı
ÿÿѪչֳǿϢͻһ֮Ϣġ
һµʱȸʥ½½Ŀʼӿָǿߡ
Щǿǵġ˴˵Ľ뵽ȸʥǵУǱ˴֮ƺһЩ޵ϵ
ѡסĵط붼Զרȥ۲Ļ֣ᷢЩǻʱʱڽͷżȻ˴ֻ֮ǲûͣκν˼ڲĹУܹ֪ı˴˽һЩҪϢ
㹻ֲַȸʥÿһʱȸʥǵ˶мصĻôһ֣ᷢЩȫʮг˽칬Ŵˣ
ÿһǾŴҲżߵλģ
ҲӵŸƷʥͽľ磬ھ󲿷֣ߵĲΣ
ʥֳ֮ǸܹܵķһµʱŴȫϵĸ߶
ʣĳɣֻΪ˱֤ռǳصƿغά֡
Ҳ˵ھܵ£Ѿóܹóȫʱ
ֻҪĻսԱֻҪľǿߣƷʥͽ߼ھŴУҲΪϡٵԴԾܾŴѾ߾ܣЩ뵽ȸʥ֮ڣȴɷ·ţ뺣ܿ㱻ûȸʥ纣˳С
˾ܽ칬֮ǰʥ۵Ӷȸʥǵļһ𣬵ûзŴƤӵ½еⷬС
һµʱȥŴԼӦðŵȫεڵļеȸʥ֮ں󣬽칬ԴȴǴһȫ֪״̬
ѾƶӦ緽ʽԱۣҲҪȫۼһʹصж¶ĿԽ͡
¾㱸ֻǷ磡
㻹òעɲԸ񡣡
ĺլԺլڣҶȻһǵؿŴѾһµķε̾˿ʵ
ʵʵſҶȻĻֻ۾ĿķСͬ˵ǵɫ
һµʱһլڴŲŲʳûйһΡ
ķʥֱӷլԺȫ˺һϵȻôϥڴϣͬҶȻһ򵥵Ĺͨ
ʣµʱ䣬ʼձ˫ۣ뵽˳˼֮С
ķƤʱʱĻһͷ̫ѨҲ¶ĻҶȻΪķǲѾ˯ȥˡ
ֵǵӰ£ķһµʱ䣬ҶȻҲ޷ټ͡
Ҫ̸ףϾǾҪȥĻпܾҪ׵뿪ˡ뿪Ǻʹͬ㡭ҵ˼𣿡
һµķ˫ۣɳɤ˵
ҵȻҿȻûôӣΪ˵ֻҪǸߣôȥκεطʵûʲôͬҲãҲգĵطҾӵ硣ҵ壬Ҿںη㲢Ҫȥҵ⣬ΨһҪǵǣԼ벻룬ֻҪ룬Ǿȥ
ҶȻߵ˴ǰķԣһظķĺ󱳣һ˵
ҡ磿
ķظһ顣
ĵط¿ݹɽʬҰҲ˼伫֣ûĵط½ҺҲȪŻ
ҶȻص˵ͷ
Ҳ˵쳣ֱס
ķԵҶȻҶȻһȫϵ״̬Ѿһµʱʼ
ʣȻҪȥģ˶Ļ뿪磬ζţܹ͸ıʵʲô
ζ߲Ķ
ڵķչԼЩ׽֮˶ԼĿׯѾûʲôȥĺǣҵˡ
еźҲѾȫĨƽʣµΨһĿֻ꣬׷߲ε
Դӱ˵֪ɹͨпܳ׵뿪磬ķҲܻѡֻܾ߳롣
ҶȻ˵ףһ˿ҲȫʧһµĿ˽
쿪ϥ˫ȣ˴վϣķ³һһɵ˵ȻˣȥɣͨΣǶˣ


824 
ķҶȻʱոպʥһͨýеļ򵥹ͨ
֮ǰǴ̸УķǿƱ֣ɹʥòȫ̴ӦҪ
ϸòĿȴȫĹıȥеġ
ԵʥѾҪ󣬽ԼеЩӢԱȫĵذŽȸʥ֮ʥȻҪȡϵԱͳһнļƻ
ôѾоˣ
ķҶȻֵĳԼķ䵱УЦſʵ
ûҪȥͨܵĻҪͨ»뿪磬Ҳڡܹ֮֮꣬ϣôݵ˵ٲ㹼
ķն˵
΢΢üķϸƣȷķû˿ԥɫŵͷоãľʲôҶ֧֡˻һһġվȥʵǣҸοϾͻȻ俪ʼܹ͸һЩʵĶҲ벻ȥǿͨȻⱲӶܴﵽǸˣܹĿ˿ԳĿƣҲǸͬܡɰ
磬İɣҲٶҡˡ
ķ΢΢һЦָָԼԴ˵ȻһʼûôףܾЩ̫ͻȻһµʱѾеȫԺйûʲôŲµ£ۼ廹ߵѣѾȥģԼ·ߣܹߵ÷ǳ˳ҪȥɨƽϰȻˣȻһȥµսȥѰµδ֪ҼǿȥΨһ
˵ķסҶȻС֣һ΢ЦؿҶȻ˵
˵ͷٶ˵
Ȼ˶Ѿ׼ķҶȻҲö⣬ôȶļƻȻԿʼʩС
Ҳ󣬵ϵĽʥý顪һɢžӨâʯͷ˳
ȻͨʯͷѸٵĺЩʥϵһ¡
ʱ䶨˴յ֮
в뵽еԱȫʱ䣬ľ״̬ȻѾ׼õĲȸʥ泯֮ͨǵĳ⼯ϣ
ҹɫȡ̵ʱ䣬ϵ֮ͨǣ칬ֱӵ͵Ϯ
Ȼȫ׵ķҶȻҲͷԼլӣöҩͬʼ˶Ծ״̬״̬ĵ
֮ǰһµķ˼˵״̬ܵһЩӰ죬ôʱĻ壬ҲͿԱָ֤۷ˮ׼ˡ
ѰҵǼöƽ𼶵ҩڡռ䡱һ޷ֱԳԵһ⣬ҲϣڽͨУӦܹӲСá
ĿǰķҶȻѾվʥεĶ㣬Իƽ𼶵ҩܹã»Ӧ
ܱûҪá
ʱܿȥѪʱҲȫ˼صլԺе״̬
ʱƵԼõҹٵӰһĴεڴȸʥǵĳǽϷӶ
ûз˿죬ٵӰѸٵľۼһ
ѹѹһƬڵҹɫȫһ
ҹɫʣһǹҲΪϡ裬ʹÿһ˵߶ܵ˼Ӱ졣
ˣҲӵиƷʥͽ󲿷ֶߵĲΣԾܵ˼Ӱ죬ӾѾܹĺڰ֮˳ǰУӰ쵽ٶȵķӡ
˶˰ɣʥԱ
ۿЩ˼ͬһʱӳڴܳȻۼǰʼʱ䵱ָߡ
ʥԶУӺ󣬱׷ױ˸Ե
ŴȫԱʮѪ̣ȥʥεǿ⣬˴жһۼİʮǿߣ
дﵽ߼εǿ߶ʮˣʣһٶʮҲƷϵʥͽ
ټʮʥһ֮ԺɨһУ
ԲεļᣬʥͬԼսģ
ãȻԱѾ룬ǾʽĿꡭ֮ͨǣ칬
һӶķҶȻڿն
Ϊǿ㣬ķȻҪһͷãܴ˵Ļԡ
˸ϣʥڶݶӣߵݶӣʥͽѺȫǰ
ķҶȻڿնٴҲӦԶУһʱٵӰȫڿգ
ļ٣ʹΧĿ˲䱻ѹʱγһһľ죡
¡¡
𶯳ǳأʹȸѾʼ˯ľ񶼱ѡ
û֪ʲô顭Ϊ㶯ЩˡѾ׵ʧҹɫС


825 ֮ͨ
Ϊľͳǳأʮйϵǿ칬ڣ֮ͨһֱŷǳҷǳصĵλ
ֵλϣҲʵʵıʽϡ
ĳǳأ֮ͨռǳǳعĹģһȫͬĸ
ӴС˵ЩԵǳһΣͨĳǳرǵڶΣʥǵΣǵ֮ͨǣȴҪʥ֮ٿմһΣԼλеΡ
ǴӳǳڵĽģֵĻǳغ֮ͨǵĲ͸˵ˡ
ǳڣʥУҲܹϵĽ󲿷ֵĽֻǶ㵽֮䣬լԺһΪ
׿֮ͨǲ㣬ƵĳǳУߵһҲֻа˲ѡ
λʥڵһ¥¥ֽµһ¥˵ҵĳԣΪ˱¥ڲƷĿζµһͬʱ¥ĸ߶Ҳµһ
֮ͨųĻ⡰µһ¥˵Ҳûʲô
ǽ֮ͨҲУǡµһ¥ĸ߶ȣ¾ǰһҲŲȥˡ
֮ͨĺĴ֮УʮϵĽȱȽǣ
۴СߵĽ֮ͨǵ߶ȣһߵլԺֻ֮ͨȨеλ˲ס
Ϊռ̫ͬʱʵ̫С
ǳһ֮ͨڵĽҲľĽṹ˴˽
˵ľĵӲȺļͳ̶˵Ĳĸ߶ȾѾܹܵļˣһ߶ȣȫ޷õЧı֤һǳ׶ĵ֮ͨȴȫвͨ
˵ľĵ֮ͨڣͻĸӼӲΪ֮ͨڹЩ߲㽨ʱ򣬻ͨʦľĽӦģ
ĵֶΣȡ֮ԪǿľıĿԺͼͳ̶ȣθ˶뵽Ȼȴ˶ġ
١ķʦôȥֵͼľ
ƫƫ֮ͨڣֲʵֵ״̬ȴʵˡ
ǺߵĽʼΪ֮ͨǵĳ潨߶ȣʮϵĽ֮ͨҲ洦ɼһɵҪӰ죬ܹ֮ͨص˿ҪԶǳضö࣡
ͬ£ͨǳؿԳص˿һλĻôܹ֮ͨص˿ͿԴﵽĵλ
ټ֮ͨǱڷչڣ֮ͨڳפ˿Ѿǧ
ҲΪʲô칬ôȥʥǵҪԭ
ֻһ֮ͨǣ֧Ž칬ȥˡ
֮Уκνġһ˶᱾ܵؽ֮ͨų⣬ųȻ
ʥǶµһ¥ţȻҲԭűͬ
֮ͬУ֮ͨǸǺȫͬһ㣬־޴ĲͬҲ֮ͨڵľһ˵ԽС
֮ľ֮أĵʰɳĻ
ڼΪͳǳصľȫ֮֮
Ȼĳһ峿̫Ÿոմӵƽð˰ӣߵĺڰûȫɨգһ쵱У˯ͬʱҲΪƣʱΣһȺ֮ͨǾе֮ļһǣٵ֮ͨǵĳǽϿգ
Ϊ칬ڣ֮ͨһЩǳȫͬĹء
ǳϿΪʥεǿ֮ͨǣھ֮ͨǧҵķΧʱҲ䵽ϣԲֻ߳˳ķʽǣǶ֮ͨԼ칬ء
û˸ȥðء
ΪͼҪչʾԣȥðصˣѾڵһʱ䱻칬ǿ߻ɱ
νأԶҪ㹻ȥά֡
ƫƫһͨ峿ȴһγ˸ðصˣһһǶİˣ
£ǳð֮ͨǹصˣôǽ֮ڽ칬ĳһֲܹӦԵġ
ڳƽվã֮ͨѾ֪ûƵֻ߲ӹصˣ칬ά֮ͨճȶĳӣѾʧȥһֻӸеľѺͽɡ
ʱ峿ӦøڳǽϾڳǽǽ۾ûķΧڣȻߣ
·Լõģ˸ݸֳɾ飬ֱӲͬķ칬ܲ˴νĿģһΪ˸λʥسͨĻᣬǾܵ칬Ա˴¼֮󣬽칬ûǽб
ͣڰյУͷˣ˵
ʥȫĵͷ˷ܺս⣡
ΣѾʲôսܹŨҵˣ칬ȻԴﵽЧ


826 
ս֮ͨھȻ˯еʱġ
ŴԼѪ̵İٶǿ߷ֳʮͬŶӣХԽ֮ͨǵĳǽʱ𾯽ЩڴεڵıǼǰеƿѡ
ÿһ˵ĵһӦǲһ۾Ȼ󻺺ԺֻãĸоҪʮӵʱ֮ھĹС
Ȼ̧ͷԴķȥֻߺ͸ƷʥͽٶȣʱȴѾɵ˼Զĵط
ԶЩĿԶֻܿһЩô۵ĺڵѡ
ַע⵽쳣ǶЩãȻһʧɫ
Щڵʲô֮ͨǵϿշУȻѾ˽ɣЩȴûеһʱ䷢ֲֹǼʧְ
׷֪ܵĳͷ
뵽з쳣Ĵ˸䣬Ȼ׷׿ʼֱӵķʽʾ
ͬʱֱֱͬϼз
ʱȥķӦȻѾˣ
֮ͨǵռΪţһͨ˵Ļӳǳصһòеķʽߵȫ෴һˣҲҪҹʱ䡣
ǳĻٶȲһ롣
ΪǳڵĽֵܷǳס̫࣬ɷǳӵܹǰٶȼΪޡ
ľȫٷеĸƷʥͽ˵ʵ첻ʲô谭ˡ
ԵЩǷ쳣ʾʱв뵽˴˴ͻϮˣѾ˽칬ڣ
ʱ˿̣಻Էзʽ֮ͨǵľʾѶϢŸոմֵĸС
Ǿǡͨ
칬֮⣬ȫ䵽˵ϣķ̧ͷŽ칬֮ڣӦòԶĵطһơֱʡһ䶥ĸʶʵ
֮ͨһ칬ҲκԷеķʽ롣
ͬǣ֮ͨǵĽͨ칬ǿȥάֵģ칬ȴͨһ칬ľ޴ȥɵģ
κˣҪͨеķʽ뵽칬ŵķΧһʱ䴥󷨣Ӷֱӵ󷨷Χڵ֮й
ĸŵĻ󷨣ʮʵУֻŴʵĻ󷨺ͽ칬ı󷨱ĲλЧãҪһΰˡ
ûǾͨڵִ֮ͨǰһ·صߣ⡣
˵ͷѾؿͨЩӵζ
ʥҲȫǲԶͨϣܹһ˿ȵ
ȻͨЩʥŽ޷ܵջ
ǲЭ￴ȥͨÿһ㡭ӦöɣиǧƽСȴȻֱܹʼյϣֱͨ񷡭ͨľʲôϣ
ķ̲סʵ
ݴ˵絮ʼѾͨĴڡͨΪĽͬٵȻصһ㣬Ҳ˵֧ͨƬӡͨôͻ֮ݡ
滺ĽԼ֪ķϸؽš
ڳʱŵϢһ·ٷϢЩңϱҪʼͬ칬֮սÿһ˵ĶǱ˷ܺͽŵ
״̬Ӱˮ׼ķӣʱϢһ£ڽս
֧صӣ
ķĸ⣬֮ǰûĹͨʱͻȻ˵ͨʵЩ㵡
ǲǣû֪ͨأйͨϢ϶Ϊȫǲ²ʹԣټмͨʼձ칬ռݣԻϿ˵֮кͨйصκϢס
ʼ磬ε˵
ôڽ칬֮ǰأνʮ϶Ҳʱƶֵİɣڽ칬֮ǰͨѵǱһռݣûеĻǲζǸʱ˶нͨĻ᣿
ķüʵ
΢΢һ㶣գգ۾˵ʥʱڣûνʮġ˵Ǹʱͨ㴦״̬κֻҪţȥͬʱʥʱڣ֮ͨҲģķ֮ͨǵĸǣҲʥǡλΰʥʣֱסڸԵʥ֮ڣ򡣵ȻЩҲǴ˵ھǼ٣Ҳ
˵ķüë΢΢һ
ʥʱڣ
Գ˵ǴǸʱڵ𣿼ȻˡѯʾԳĻӦܹõһЩʵĴ𸴰ɣ
ǾԳ֮ǰչֳǹ̬ȡһ֪һЩأ
˶׼˰ɣ֮ĸֱؽ»֣ڳλһȫʷĴߺͼ֤ˣǡ
Ĺķ˼
ŹıǿϢ
űĴһ£쫷һĳǰĽ칬ϯȥ


827 ͨ
İٶǿϢһڱɲǣ㾪칬֮ڵÿһˣ
ֻǶڽ칬˵Ȼ˿ֲĴϢۣʵǱİ
ڽ칬ĳǿʵͳȻλѾʹý칬ϰֳȻ̬
ǻûгΪʥͽͨ칬ӣʱ򶼻᲻Ծøһȵ۹⿴κ˻顣
ʥͽôûдﵽʥͽĽ칬Ӷ˿ء
Ϊһŵĵţһ˵ֺγǳλĺԴ
Ѿ֪ٴĽ칬ûԹֱ˴ˣÿһ칬˵ĵУŵľĶռϵĵλ
ûΪ˭ƽ칬ûΪϣ˸ҵ칬鷳
ԵİٶǿߵϢһȻȻǿƵֱӴӽ칬ŴŷͻʱÿһܵɿֲϢĽ칬˵ĵһӦȥӭս
޴վԭأûͷӬһҪѰԼʦ
ǲ֪ʲô
Ҳ֪ӦȥӦԣ
ҪָӣҪ˸ȥ
ҵĻгɳûľĲ̺ѪȣǾһȺеƻƽʱڳ⿴εĻȷʵǳһȥԣͻֺᷢ޿ĵط
ԵŴѪֳ˾Ÿͬ壬ѡһ򣬳ͨ¥ɱȥʱһ·Щ칬˾޷̫ĻӦ
սһ칬޷Ŵľ̫鷳
ֻһЩ칬ڵľӢܹԾŴľγһ
ս̫ͻȻ칬ûж׼û뵽״ȻҲû˻Ϊǰ׼
㵼˾Ŵľԭȶжʱ׼֧ԮʰŲڵѪǾȻͻ뵽칬ûҵκηӵĻᡣ
ȫ֮صľѪǺЩãȻԷֱھŴŶӱ󣬱ӦΪæµһʱ䷴ǱΪɡ
ѪǰռȶƻѰʵĵˣڽ칬ҺȻȥԸ˾ܵɱ˽칬ҪΪһʱƶɾ裡Ҫ칬Ϣͷ˵Ļᣡ
žŴǰѰ˳ķѵ
칬ÿһ䣬оŴ˶
ԭΪչ˳ӶʼЩĵľŴľǷ׷ɫȻԵľһȻ
Ŵ˶ԷһֲĻᣬռϷ磬ǲܹôʱռЩˣȵԷعԼЩ˾Ҫʼپ޴ѹˣ
ķڳ֮ҶȻ㾶ֱٵĳͨ·ȥٶ֮죬˲㳬ΪҪƽƹȥӶָսסǰнŲľŴЩ
ڡСУķġ˽칬ŷΧŶǿߣ
ŵ˵ЩǿߵԳκξŴҡļۼһܺͣ
ټվǽ칬ܲн칬ǿ߶פڴˣһܹʹý칬֮ܲѾ˲֪Щ󷨣
Ը߶ȥԱȵĻʵϳʥĲ⣬ϣ칬ھŴľϣûжٲ࣡
֮ԵǰԵ쳣ң칬·ȫ޻֮ȫս̫ͻȻ˽칬һֲԵʣ
һ칬ʼܹ֯ЧĵֿЩǿҲ׷׳ĻŴľҪʼһĿսˡ
˳ʱܹһЩ칬ȻԾŴżĺôٿԽӲʱٵ಻Ҫ鷳
ⲢķҪȥĵ⣬һͻϮ칬˵ķֹǳȷķҶȻֻһסսʤͨʥ
ֻҪûͨʥôھŴ칬ȻԾһѿеĹͷվѾԿˣ
ķĿǳȷ˿ᡰСַΧЩĽ칬ǿߣǾֱΪǿ󡢿һ֦һϢȥ
ǵϢλͨ棡ܽ칬˴ıʣǵϢȴûκηӦ·ڵȴǰȥһ㣡
ķҶȻٶȸϵͨǰͿͨʥĿϥͨ£
ͨʥԣǰڷһѾõġŽɫεף
ͨܣһƬƽĲƺ˽ĿͨԽܹܵͨʱ޿̲ɢŵϢ
ͨʥ󣬱ǽͨĴţ


828 ֮
ķû뵽Ȼ㡭Ǵӡռ䡯ˣ
ϥڵϵͨʥ˫ۣڿǰľȻķҶȻȻȻĸ˾㵵ı顣
ճûõʱ䣬׼ȷ˵ֻҺҵӴӡռ䡯ˣˡԶ档
ķ˵ͷûκ
ʮǰΪˡռ䡯۲ݣȻǷǳ޴˵Ӧþһ֮ˡ
ͨʥûôԭؿķ˵һķ׵Ļ
ͨʥϣķֻܹޱȸӵɫ֮⣬ٿ仯
֮ӣʲô⣿
ʣķϰߣʱֻסͨʥȻͨʥڳôһ˿żģķȻҲֵУ֪ܶһЩ飬ܹǺõġ
ûи߹㣬˺һЩ𣿡
ͨʥЦʵ
˵һЩûᵽ֮ʻ㡭
Ҳ޷֮ûи֮ӣҲΪá֮ӣ֪̫࣬ʲô¡˳Ȼеķչȥ˱Ȼһ˳ĳɳ
ͨʥ˵ţһָԼǰſڵ
ƺһ㶼ż
ķǰߵͨʥǰһ׵ľϥ˵ϡ
ҶȻǱŻķԡ
ΪʲôҪż
ͨʥһ䡣
Ŵҵ񷣣һ𼯽ᾫͻϮĽ칬Ľ칬ͻϮ׼㣬ڽڰˣʧأ£Ϊ칬һˣѵӦż𣿡
ķüʵ
еǡżʲôأ
ͨʥԴķʵ
ķ΢΢һһʱǲ֪ôش
Һ˽ǰһԴͻƵʥĲΣΪŻ߼֮Щһʧȥ˵ú˵òˣʵǵӱС˶ѡӵеԽ࣬ԽʧȥǲһʱĹԡǼȻΧ칬ôΨһĽͱǣܹԸҡ
ͨʥָָԼεЦҲԸϣΨһܹΪʲôɣڿΪܹסңսʤҵˣӦþ˰ɣ㲻ҵǰҲ˵żʲôãǵжϣܸ㹻ģζȷʵΪҪҸǿѾ˵ԣȻҲͲˡ
һˣʵ׿ͷҲǳûĲ²ⶼȷġ
ķ˵ͷҲ
ȻͨʥӴĺ٣ֻƾͨʥ˵һķֵء
ʥǿߣͨʥȷʵѾһĴˡ
֮վҪһսģֻսʼ֮ǰúģϾܹ֮ӵҲÿһ֮ӳ֣ѵһģҲʵЩ档
ͨʥЦ˵
֮ܵʲô˼ɣҶ㾿ڽЩʲô
ͨʥ̹ϣķҲͲٶ˵̯˫֣ʵ
ǧڼƵ˿߰ݣڰ󣬲һ㡣Ȼڶͬȴ޷ҵκһģһ޲ĸ塣ͬͬԴͬʱ˫֮ҲЩϸ΢Ĳÿһ˶Լȫһ棬Ը񣬼䣬òȵȵȵȡ
ͨʥһֳ˵š
ЩȻȻͺӦķһֲÿһ˵ԺУǿԷǳȻȥ˱Ǹ˱ǰ˱˧˱ǳª˱ǿ˱СӲ˶ȥǷ
󲿷ֵµµһƽӹΪֻм˻Ի͹ùվӴȺк绽ꡣ󲿷ֵ˷ܶţŬţȴͷһ޳ɣպǧذת̾Ĳµ޳
⿴·ûκιɵ켣·˵һжڿŸԵŬȥȡʵÿһ˵ڳһ̾Ѿע޷ģӺ;ӽڵһɲǣԲ֮ڽҪԺһѾε˰ŵ׵ʱεأ¡ȫŵ޷ֻܽܡ
ֻľżеһͰĸѾźõĵ·ߣӳֱ
ͨʥ˵Ȼ߰еĳľżУȴһģĳľżҪΪķĵĳľżԶľżˣĹ켣ҲԶǱֱϵģ֮ӣ㣬ķģ


829 ʥ糱
ͨʥ˵ĺɿԣķȴûжϵ
ֻǿͨʥԵΪɫü˵ô˵ʲô϶ܹɣΪѾҲʧܣ
ô⣬ȻЩƬ档
ͨʥص˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪңӦܲµ֮Իᷢ飬ǵĿģΪͨѡҪͨڣȻ󾡿ܵͨ㣬ҲʧܣҲûκ壬ע޷ɹΪαؼȥ
ķͨʥ˵
ΪҵˣǻңȻ뵽ͨڣڽᷢʲôҲ֪Ҳ֪ҵˣֹ㣬սһʧܣҲΪ֮
ͨʥܻķߣ˫ۺķһ𣬼˵ӦܹóʥʵҵľҪһЩܸߵޣȴȴǴһˡΣѾԴϵĸ֪һЩµˣָֻ֪Ҹ˵û̫ôΪҲȥΥˡ
˵꣬ͨʥվ˫һӣԱ׽ɫױ˲ֽ⣬Ȼ׷׳ͨʥȥ
գۼĹͨʥͱһ׻ƽǣ
ΥˣҲȥҲҪѡȥη壬ΪʲôҪȥηˣϣܲбµˡ
ķҲͨʥһͨװҲȸװȻ
ֻζŹޣϣȷʵкܶ飬Ǳȹ޸ӿµġ
ͨʥûϸ˵ǻԼ˫֣űȭһǿϢ
Ϣ֮ǿѾܹûдȸװ֮ǰķȣ
Ҫ֪ڡռ䡱Ƿ֮صľķǰѾǷ֮壡
ع򣬸Ǵﵽ˽ͨһеĳ̶ȣ
ͨʥǿҲܽӽĲΡ
ΨһĽ͡׻ƽװӵŷ˼
ɣҼʶһ£֮ӵʵжôǿ󣡷ʩΪãõͨܱƻƬݵأҲһ׶еĹ֣ȫԸҲ˺һСݡ
һ˵ţͨʥһ߳ķ֣ĶŨҵս⣡
ԸȻҲȫͬĹ۵㣬ⲢҶءһֵصǿߣȫԸĻõĶԴ
ķ˵ţڵϢٴΰȸװļӳ֮£˲䳬ͨʥͷŵϢ
Ϣ˴˽һķͨʥͣش߶֮£Ȼ˴˾Ȼ󻯳εʵ壡
һ
ĻȻȻ˽칬˵ע⣬ǽ칬ˣǾŴľȫɿֲϢĽӳʶͣ
ÿ˶ؿͨķ
ʵʵʥơϷڣֻĵһƬȣ·𱻵ȼĳЩĪһ㣡
ͬʥû뵽ͨȻѾĲΡǹȥЩˡԭһֱΪͨǿǻƽװ죬ֻҪʥܹۼһϣֵĻչܹѹסͨġڿ뷨ʵǹЩ
ߵİٱʥŤͷͨķǸӵ˵
ǰЩʲô
ʥҲǸп
վ۷壬ʧȥ˽ȡ˼ŵѾȻ֪䣬Ѿߵֻȥĸ߶ȣԭѾ̵ѪƺҲ»
˾ʥ˵ţڵϢǲϵ
ʥ˾ʥķӦһ£ܵķͨʥϢӰ죬ÿһ˶޷ټֵ
˵Ϣʥ糱ҲķԼͨʥϢһӿһĳ
һʱ䣬ڽ칬֮ڣʥȻʮ
ֻķͨʥͷųʥʥĹҪϸĶ࣬ҲԶķͨʥʥôŨ
ͨѾʼ˼ҵĽ棬ǲҲûˣôȥƴɱܾЩⲻȥȻЩ۸ˣϣҲͲٽЩĪ˰ɣ
ʥԼ촽˵
ķͨʥĴ̼£еʥЩĸоһֶսĿҪع鵽ּ򵥿ֵĿ
žʥĽ飬ʥǺԥͬʱ˵ͷȻĳ뵽սֵУ
ʥǵļ룬ԭѾʼֵסŴĽ칬ˣʱٴα᧿Σ


830 ֮ͨ
ķͨʥ֮սеĲҡ
ڷֱͷųһϢֱϢһ󣬱㻥֮ҵľ룬ضš
Σһ棬ʵֻһ֮䣬Էֳʤˡ
ϼʮϰٸغϣȻΪĳһЩʧֳʤֻᷢڵͲεֻʥͽ֮䡣
ֻǱ˴ʵʵ̫ӽĶǿ֮䡣
˾ʥ
Ϊ֮ʵ̫ӽڱ˴̫Ϥһ˽֣ͻΪղµĳ־ս
ķͨʥ֮ʵȴûôӽ
ȸװ֮ķͨʥѾ߱ѹԵʵƣ
ټ϶ڹԼܹ͸ʵص㣬˵֣ⷬͨʥûκεʤĻᣡ
Ҫķһ£
Ȼ֮սûпʼֻô˴վţ̬֮ȴȫͬġ
ڵʲô
ķʼûжֵ˼ͨʥ̲סüʵ
ڵϢ״̬һҵǰܹʩչǿһ¾ϣȫʬ
ķƽ˵
ͨʥ˫Ŀ΢ƺܵķⷬӰ죬ڳϢҲǳһ˿ҡ
ɣһ˲ľѧ̫£
ķû˵ѣȷʵڵϢڽԼ塢ϢȫΪ۷ĲΣ
ͨʥ֮Ĳʵ̫ЩֲѾķûʲôȤȥͨʥսҪǿֱӽͨʥҲǶͨʥһأ
ķ̫һȫʩչ󣬰ſֲʥѹضΪ֮ɫ䣡
칬ŷΧڣȫܵӴʥӰ졣
ڽ칬Ϸԭͨ£ķͨʥģһʥȻֿ
ţķʥ˲ͣȻһţֱӽͨʥʥʽ˶ӡ
ʥٴ󣬼Ҫ칬ֵķΧ֮У
ķ̫һдټʥӴոճ͵ӣֻǴʱʥܶȣȴѾͬն
ɵʥֱ϶µģͨʥȥ
ͨʥޱվԭأûκͽ͵ĶֻߵĴ㣬ǾܵĽԼϢ۷壬ȻôʥѡӲ
¡¡
ֲ춯ʹ칬Χڵ˶Щټ֮ͨǶв˶ҡ
⻹ڽ칬޴ķһನ󲿷ֶ칬Ļ󷨸ԵʣûɸӰ졣
֮ͨǣпķһ£״ݻ٣
ǽ칬ǴĻ󷨣ڵסķһľ󲿷ֵನҲʼҪٵļ
ȻķһѾ˽칬ܹܵļޣ
칬Ļ󷨶ˣķһͨʥ³Ϳɿһˡ
һȭ֮ɢȥͨΪһȭĻҳҲȫɢ֮ͨʥӰ³ķǰ
ɱվ̬ƽװµӳɫ԰һЩ⣬ƺûб⡣
ĵķһ㡣
áǿ
ͨʥﻺ³ô
һ³ͨʥ˿һû֧Ű㣬˫ϥһȻֱӹ˵ϣ
ͬʱͨʥŵ׻ƽװıҲǺȻ俪ʼϸܵĹѺۼţѵĺۼѸӣ̼㲼˻ƽװı棡
һͨʥϵ׻ƽװôӲһصĲ
ķȫʥһȭֱӽƽװˣ
ȥɡҺ桭ͨϡҵˣҲ֪ͨʲôΨһܸĽ顭ǡͨڡÿһνȥῴȫһĻ桭
ͨʥϥڵϣһֻ첲ǿ֧壬Ƿ˵ôһ΢΢һȻ󳹵׵˵˵ϣϢȫޡǡ
ͨʥȥ칬ϣŹҲֱѣͨʥȥϢһʱ㱻칬֪
ɴ˴ĽȻڼͬŴĽ칬˳ױˡ
һֱĿǿ޵еĹȻˣ
ͷ·ѽ칬ֱ֧Ӻһ㣬ŴľǶʱоѹͽһᣬɸɴһɱͨ¡
ķҶȻֶ˵ǰͨʥΰʬ壡


831 
ͨ졭ˣ
ȸϵȻЩʵԶͬõʥǡ
ͨʥʬ壬ٱʥ̲סг
ȻŽ칬˵Ѿǲµ˻ĽۿǱ𾪡
ϾѾϰĵһǿߣ
ĵһͷ˱ܵؽͨʥ͡޵СִʻϵһĿбܵؾͻΪͨʥǲսʤġ
ԵͨʥʬǵǰӾϺ;ϵ˫سʥҲʵھ޴Щ
ˡоϢͨѾȫɢڵϵģһѼõѡ
˾ʥ˵꣬Ťͷķޱȸӵɫ
ԭ֮ǰķչʾԼʵ֮ڶʥĿУҲֻΪķסͨʥ
ֻҪķܹͨʥסôŽ칬ʣʱȻͻоԵơ
ȵ칬ȫôֻʣͨʥһ˵ʱʥ֣Ҳܹͨʥѹסġ
ȷʵû뵽ķȻֻסͨʥô򵥣Ȼֱӽͨʥɱˣ
ʵ̫ˡ
ȻͨʥϣôζţֻҪķԸ⣬κ㶼ֱӻɱ
ǼġӰƽ
Ҫ֪ͨʥΪһˣʵʥžԵƣͨʥҪɱʥҲǷǳѵ顣
ĺͨʥ˳ͻ򲻹ܹܵġ
ȻڣſԻɱͨʥķ˾ʥȻԼȻǷܹܵİնûС
̫ˡ
ʥȻҲ뵽һ㣬һʱ˵ĿⶼеķϣͬʱĽ䱸
ͨʱ׹ȥˣ˽һսŽ칬Ҳ᳹׵ĳΪʷԺͨĹͶ֮ͨǵͳΣҽָܹʥʱڵ״̬ڵʥһҹ֮ͬͨ㹻Ȩ֪λΪΡ
ųЩ죬ʱؿ˵
칬Ѿִݻ٣ͨʥζŽ칬ҲûκĻᡣ
ÿһͨʥĴжһǳҳڵḶ̱́ϣͨװֱһصЩһζŲٳһͨʥˡ
Ȼ칬ûٻָĿܣôνµ滮֣һȻ˹עĻ⡣
ôһʥŽԼעķϳ˳
࿴˿üͷ
֮ͨζһӴ󵽷˼ڽ칬ݻ֮֮ȷʵûκһٽһ¡
ɿԽ⣬ֻǶҪһȥЩʥ棬ɱܵĻܡ
֮ͨǵĹ롭Ǵͨڳְɡ֮ͨǵζʲôҶÿһ˿϶Ҳϣܵռݸ档óȻۣѴһôҶĽԡݻ
ٱʥ˵
ʥҲôĶ֮ͨǵ̬ڰٱʥĵͷʾͬ
˫΢У֪ʥڵķ
ͨʥʥʼķʱ۹֮ͨµĹʽôŻɱͨʥķȻỰȨ
û˻ȥսķֻҪķԸȥȷıԼ뷨ôʥȻٶĲҲȥܡ
ȴһ£Ƚͨȴͨڳ֮֮ͨǵ飬ʥ˵ǸõĴʽ
Ȼҵһ£ҵȻҲأ칬һϦ𣬶֮ͨǻ˵ľ޴Ӱ졣ǱҪһʱ֮ͨγƿأ֮ͨڽ칬ĸ뵽ҵСҽ飬ͨѡϸѡƣܽͨˣά֮ͨǵȶ
һȦʥ˵
ͬĹ۵㣬ȻҶ뵽ͨڣ֮ǰϾûнȥ浽׻ʲô˭Ҳ£ֱӴԱӿ벢һõѡǽͨڵѡҽֻľǰЩʥ⣬ÿѡˣλΪΣ
ʥ˵
ʥĥһ󣬶Դ˵ûʲô
Ƕ뵽ͨڣȴҲǶͨûκʵʵ˽⣬һӽȥ̫ˣ˭Ҳ޷֤᲻ʲôԴ״
Ǻһ뵽ͨڵѡܿȷ
еʥķҶȻ⣬ÿʥٶĲ£װװӵȻҲУټϻ;Գ㹹յ


832 Գ
ȻȷϣǾȫԱͬ⣬ôȻҪȥͳһİš
ټ֮ͨǱֱӻֳʮ򣬾ŴѪǷֱһȶά֡
ͬʱŴǰ
ϾΪ˱֤ͻϮ칬ͻȻԼķӣ˴ǰ֮ͨǵĶֻǸڵѣʵޡ
Ҫάס֮ͨǵȶʵЩѡ
ҲԭѪǱ䵽άŻ˵СĶࡣ
ΪԲϵصǰѪǵô࣬ǿûκεĺԮ
һȫ׵ȷõĵһͨǱ¼ͨ⡣
ҡ׼˰ɣ
ȫ룬Ͼܹ뵽ͨڣһʱҲЩš
ЩʥıͬûкõȥһȻûбֳʲôԵ仯ƵʺϢϵȴѾǴʱĵĲ˿Ҳƽ
Ҳûʲô׼ˣȻͨʥ뵽ͨУҴͨڴһЩǾ֤ͨڼΣգʥ˵ҲܹԸġΨһҪǵֻǡҪͨڵ϶߶ѡ
˾ʥͷֱͨЩ˵
ǲҪĺãС޴ˣҲվﵢʱˣûʲôĻǾ͡һȥɣ
ʥҲԼĿôվͨǰ̲סڴߴٵ
ȽȥɣЩҪķúһġ
֮ģֻԳȻ˵
ʥһʱȫ˾Գֵζ
ͬķͶѯʵĿ⣬ֻķԼҲ֪Գ˵ʲôΨһܹµıǣԳӦҪ˵һ¹ͨ
˿Ŀ⣬ķֻʼ磬ʾԼҲ
ҲãǾȽȥѺɡ
üؿǾԳһۺ˵Ȼ㵱ȳͨȥ
˶Ӣ£ȴǶһˣȽȥʥҲûκ
ܹԸ⿪·̽̽ҲǺõġ
Ȼ˳ͨһ㳨Ĵ˽ȥ֮ȴֱͻأʧ˵ߵУ
ԭͨһǳĴڿȥܹһ󲿷ֵĿռ辿ģһĴţǳĴſȴǳֳһˮȻʧ֮УûмܹͨһĿռ
ǡǿռ䣿ƽпռ䣿
ʥΪ㵵ؿ˵
пܰɣǿռֻƽпռĻܿÿһνĻǲͬģˣ̽·ҲûˡȻҾȴ˽ȥˡͨڣǸʲô
˾ʥ˵꣬һ𣬴ǿߣҲͨڡ
˼״ٶ˵˸˳Ȼ׷ͨڡ
ܿ죬ͨ£ֻʣ˾ԳķԼŻҶȻ
ֱʱԳſ˵ͨһȫƽеĿռ䣬֮Уȴֶ֮⣬ÿһ˽ȥᱻһͨƽпռ֮СҲ˵ͨж٣ȡڵж˽ȥСҲ⡣
ķûв廰ֻǾžԳĽ⡣
ȻԳҪǾһзǳҪҪ
ǣӵʥװǽͨôͻᱻ䵽ͬһռ֮ڡһĵطķûĻԵСϢϼûκβͬǲѾһģڽͨںСҲǷͬһռ䡣
žԳ˵ĻķҶȻһۣȻ˵ͷ
Ҫͨʵǣһǳ򵥣Ҳͬǳѵ飬ͨÿһ㶼ǱĿӡģֻĽ⿪ӦĹĿܹϣͬʱõӦĽĹУŬȥеĹо͸ʵǵķʽһĸ߶ȣͻô粽С
Գ˵ķ΢΢ЩȻ
֮غЩư
֪ʲôĻǷǳͬģռ䡯еķ֮أһѧϰḶ́ͨһƽḶ́ƣȴżĲ𡣵ȻⲻҪص㣬ҪҪ飬ǵʥװӵ߶ͬһռ֮ںᷢ״
Գ
ھԳ֪ռͷ֮أķǲ⡣
ԳǴʥʱһֱڵĻʯô֪Щ󲿷֪أǺһ顣
ᷢʲô
ķʵ
ᷢյǻᱻ䵽ͬһռ䣬ǰͨĹ򣬹ǵһƣҲ˵⿪˹⣬ôͬԽʵϸߵ㣡⣬ͨĹԲģ
һƱҪķʽȥֲСﲻκ⣬ΪͨΪǶһ壬ֱ˴ˣСﻳﱧŵİ׻Ҳ⣬ֻİ׻װһᱻաʥװļһͿ϶ˡ˭⿪ĹԽ࣬˭ͻӵԽʵӾӦģ˾һ˶黯ֱ󡭡֣
֡ʲô˼
ķȻؿžԳ
ҪԼȥ֮ԸЩΪ⡭ܶȥ𣡲Ҫ˽̫࣬Ƕ㣬ûкô
˵Գ˻֣˵ˣȥɣҲҪͨء˵ڸûκΣգ޷⿪ʱ˳ˣܹĺôȴޱȾ޴󣬱Ͼ֮İ


833 
֪ԳټͣķҲͲټѯʣҶȻһžԳһʾл˾ͱŻתͨС
˺ͻһʧͨĴڣԳ˶ԴĿԶŸֱͨʵͨϸһ˿ɫ
֮󣬾Գһ̾ϢԺӦþҲǸС˰ɡʥʵİšվҪѿˡֻǲ֪СǷܹͻάȵƣӶԽʥﵽĸ߶ȡ޷ͻάȣֻǱɺʥһǾûκˡʱͿռзеĹѾҪˡ
˵꣬Գ˻ԼĴԴȻһҡҲͨĴȥ
˵Ҳ֣ܾԳͿǸ߶Ȼǿȣĳͨŵĸ߶ȺͿȡ
ǵԳߵͨĴſʱȴûܵκε谭һˮȻԳӴȫʧͨĴſڡ
ʱķҶȻѾվͨڡ
濴ͨڲĽ뵽ͨкķȴڲռ侹ȻĻҪӼ򵥵Ķࡣ
ǧƽӣ߶ʮңڲһֻͷϷ컨壬ſΪӵͼ
ӵװӵװվڿռλã˴ѾʥװԳš
Ȼ˶Щ׼㣬Բûгķû֮ǰǶʱȥоνĹ⣬Ǵڻྯͽ䱸״̬С
ķҶȻŻ˿ռ֮ںԴһһʱ׷׽Լ䱸ķ׼ķ
ķûǣڴµɨһռڵ󣬱ֱͷ컨ϵĸͼ
ԳѾ˵ķǳˡ
ټȻҲӵʥװʵʵ̫޷ķκвķûаǷϡ
Լֱӱķ֮װװӵһʱɫͣı任
ȫ֪ӦôȥǰһʱԭأЩ޴롣
ķûȥ˵ľڶ컨ϵĸͼһ֮󣬱Ĵ𰸵ʲô
Գ˵֮Ƕڹѧϰ⣬Ƕڹһƽ⣡
˵ڷ֮ķҶȻѾеĹȫ;Уͨƽ̣ҪķЩ˴ú
Ψˣܹƽ⣡
Ƕڹⲻ͸ôпܱеĳһڿӶӦȥƽ⣡
뵽ķն𣬷ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣ컨ϵһص£ڵʥһЩ
ķʥ룬컨ϵĸͼʱʼ黯ܿ쳹׵ʧ
ͬʱ컨Ҵ򿪣¶һͨ
ķǸӵͼʧʱ򣬱оԼĴ΢һЩԭ˫УֱʹĻ棬ƺ͸˵㣡
Ȼã
ķǰһŵϵҶȻ˵ͷȻ˳컨©ͨȥ
ҶȻķõͬʱҲܵӦı仯Ȼķ˼ԥıŻķҲȥ
һʱ䣬һֻʣװװӵߡ
㶵Ķ컨ѿڿ˺һʶĻһۣȻҲ˴˽䱸ţɵ˵ڶС
ɾôһĹķѾ˶Եڶ컨Ĺƽ⣬ҶȻѾ뵽˵㡭
ǰĹʵ̫򵥣ҪݵĻһѾͨ˸ߵѧˣͷȥһһڼҪ˼Ŀһ㡣
ķͨƽһͼȷ˽ķʽ֮һ·ֱϣ
ÿ⿪һ⣬ڸոͨͨ뵽һ󣬻϶ֻɨһۣܹһ⿪ķʼձ˿Ъװװӵ߲òͣں׷ϡ
ôһֱǧ֮ķƽٶԼ
ּҲֻ˵ֻ޷ֻǿһۣʱ״˶ѣ˲⣬Ҫӵʱ˼Ψһı仯ǣһֱں׷ŵʥװӵߣڸķҶȻĽȡ
ôǧ׷ϣҲͨҪҪЩʲô
һǲķôľƽ⣬ǡ˺ȻãôķҲͦá
Ҫȥ˷ѾܹһֱǷǳġ
ֻ˶ûע⵽ͨ㲻ߣ˵ʹŵʥװһһ͸


834 ε뿪
ͨڵĹڱԽԽӡҲԽԽ鷳
ŵģķƽҪʱҲԽԽ
װװ׵ӵߣѾȫ컨ЩͼҪʲôˡ
һʼʱǻܹһЩֻӣЩͻȻԽԽһ⡣
˾ֵǣӣ˵ҲǸоԽԽ
һ;ϵ˫˱ƣͬʱȴôҲҲԵɡ
ķƽͨһ컨ϵĹװװӵ߱ȻͬʱһȻ³һѪ
ϵϢѸ˥ɫҲ̼Ұֽ
ƤѾʼ͸ܹ͸ƤѪܺͼ·ˡ
Եı仯˵ע⡣
ֻǸֱ仯ȴȫ֪ʲôԭɵġ
δ֪Լָоһʱȫʼľ
ķûǣƽ˵һͨķܹı仯
ҶȻķ֮嶼
ƺںĳԵĽڡ
Ѿ׻װȫϣ˲ͬǣĲߣ岢ûܵκӰ죬ķԼҶȻһõĪĺôֻǰ׻װڲͣ黯Ѿɱˡ
Ϊע⵽˻ûܵκӰ죬ڵõôķŻһǰϣǰ׻Ҳһпܻᱻɡ֡ĻķֹͣԹƽ⡣
ȷʵҪ֮һ󣬵ڲ˺ЩҪ˻ǰ֮¡
ûܵӰ죬ķƽĹΪõ㹻ĺôͻƴﵽʥĲΣʵķЩϲˡ
ˣķùǵͨ˵Ĺ۲죬ķҲ˾Գ˵ġ֡ʲô˼
ԳҪ˼տֵܻĽʥһͿͻưɣ
ķ˼ŵĹУ˳ƽ˵һһ㡭
ʱ˿̣ķһ·Ĳϵͬʱ뵽ͨڵʥȴǲԼͬĶ˲ͬĸ߶ϡ
ͻƲߵʥȴҲ˵ǧϣ컨ϵĹ⣬Ҳκƽͷ
ʥȫǧٲ㵽ǧ֮䡣
ǧ㿪ʼǾ͸оƽԽԽʼһǧ⣬Ȼʥͬ׵Ĺ򣬵ǰһǧ漰Ĺ϶ǻ¿ףͨȥƵҲܹóȷĽۡ
ǰһǧʥǲû̫鷳
Ǵӵǧ㿪ʼ׵ĹԽԽ࣬͵ƵĹҲԽԽѡ
һֱڣǧٲ㵽ǧ֮䣬׵ĹѾܹ׵Ĺ򻹶࣬ҪȥƵû㹻ƵеʥǱֻ̾Űסü˼һ֮ȷԼȷʵ޷ƽ⣬ʥǱ㿪ʼ׷׻ͷŵһȥ
ƽĹУҲõһЩô
޷ķõĺôȣҲ㹻ǸоϲΪÿһƽḶ́ǸоڹӶǵʵ;綼һ̶ȵ
ΣʮľͣͲǰǷǳģֻͨô̵ʱһڷԾı仯ɲǲ˷ܡ
ʥǴεڵĻصͨһ㣬Ȼһ˳󣬵ȴʥҲ׷״߳㶼ܹ˴ϵϲɫ
Ȼÿһ˶ջ񲻷ƣ
Щʥѡ¾ӢѾͨڳȺˡ
ʥǶǧٲ㵽ǧĳɼЩӢȴûκһܹͻƵһǧϣõĳɼҲǾŰٰʮѡ
ѹͨһֱ֮ǿġܹʱͨȥƽ⡭ϵƺڹ򡭡ȻҪǿö࣡
ʥǸпĿʥ˵
ǰû뵽ͨھȻģڷǳͬʼˣͨӦˣӦñĳһǿռݡȻȥ֮һ¶֮ͨǵϹΰɡ
ٱʥͬΪп
ʥͬʱͷȻڰٱʥ˵Ļͬ
֣ǶˣӵװҼǸӵװСӺ氡ֹǣǸֵܻŮԼֻС׹Ҳûд
ʥɨһ۳˺󣬺Ȼü˵
žʥĻʥæҲ¿˿һʱȫɻı顣
˵ӵʥװ˿ܻƽмӳɵĻҵǿ⣬ΪʲôķŵǸŮ˺ֻС׹Ҳûг
ʥֵ˵
еʥһʱȫ㲻еԭ
ֻܹµһЩȴ˵ȷʵ֪ԭľԳǱ˳Ĭڳ֮󣬱ʼͷŲ֮ϵ֪ͨЩʲô


835 ͻΧ
԰Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼôȻȥò˶ãҾͻֱˡҲ˰ɣ
ķƽ⣬װӵ̲סŤͷͬװӵ˵
Ϊֻ֣Եװӵ߲ŸͬķҶȻ״̬õúܣͲ
û˵᲻Ǻƽ컨ϵĸͼйأֻгɹƽͼˣܲܵ˺Ӱ죬ûƽĻͻܵӦ
װӵüʵЩ塣
ԡƽ컨ϸͼģһֱǸķķԵŮʼûƽһΣǸŮҲûκ⣬ı仯ºƽͼûʲôϵûзΪʲôռһֱֻǼˣ˾Ҳûн˶뵽ͨڲǣΪʲôȴˣ
װӵ߳˵
ƽпռ䣿û׼ͨĿռƽпռ䡭ԲŻ
ԣƽпռĻֻǼһҲʵ̫ɺˡӵװӵװķȸװӵߣֻС׹ҲˣϴŵġпܾǴ˵еİ׻װһζʥװӵ߱һΨһǣǺʥװйصĻôķԵǸŮΪʲôҲ
ʲô𣿡
װӵͷЩҡ
У㿴ԼϵʥװٿҵĺС׹ϵġ㷢ûУǵʥװѾ黯˷·ʱпʧĳ̶ȣķϵȸװȴȣɢϢ񶼱ʼʱǿö࣡
װӵָָԼָָķ
㡭˵ʲô
װӵԽ̿
Ҳֻ֪֪Ǳ뿪ȥ»Ĳף
װӵʵҲȫΪʲôᷢǰ״ֻǱܵҪΣյĵط
˵֮ҧҧԥıͷѾȫһȥ
װӵķӦװӵ΢㶣Ȼʶĸȥ
ƺҪ뿪ûϵ𣿡
ҶȻͷһۣ˵
û¡ѵûиоǣǡ磬ͨʵʴڵĳֶͨûǺĹ֮ͨǰȥġ
ķͷҲأ˫ʼնͷϵĹ⣬ԼĽܹ
װװӵٶȷӹһľ룬»صһ֮ڣųĴţ˵ͬʱϲı飬ԥı㳯Ŵųȥ
ɾ˳嵽˴ǰʱſڴȴ·һεǽһ㣬Ӳֱס˳ȥĵ·
ʹƾײ˿ϣ˾ֱ֮˻
ûκε׼ַԭѾ˲ơ
ô£
װӵһı顣
֪񡭡ʲôȥѵѵҪ𣿡
װӵһ
ʱķȻһ·ϣĲԽԽ࣬ʥװ׵黯ҲԽԽԣ
װװӵߣѾķͨڵļʧȥ˾󲿷ֵжΨһġֻʣ˹Ӳдѡ
жٲܵƽٶԽԽû𣿡
ҶȻķƽһ⣬뵽һ̲סʵ
Ϊƽһ֮ķһοʼϢ
ϵƽ⣬ķҲʵС
Ӧûٲˣڵ⣬临ӳ̶Ѿﵽʥζˮ׼ҿʼ漰ʵĶʥ֮޷ͻƣΪǵ廹ʴڣ¾Ѿˣȴûа취֧ţȴӵŷ֮壬ڲƽĹУ֮廹ڲͣơֻҪܹﵽǸΣѾͻƣ
ķʮ˵꣬΢ϢһٴοʼԼƽ̣
һֱƽ˵һһǧһһʮһĹ֮ķҶȻȻоĻۺ͸ıƺﵽһޣ
ɴ˴ıʣ˵ķ֮ʱ䣡
ϵİ׻װȻѣװװҲͬʱ飬װӵ֮ɢ
ţķҶȻͷٴδһֻͨһδ򿪵ͨȴûеԼȥֱӳһɾ޴˽ȥ
¥֮ڣһʱֻʣ˻Ưš
ͨķҶȻȥֱ֮ʧ㶣Ҳ˾ʲô̲סһȻޱʧĳͨײȥ
ͨ⣬ʥǺЩ¾ӢȻûȥ
ķҶȻδ֪Ŀռ䵱УֱͨĵطҲһ֮ϣ˲ƿһ󶴣
֮ڣµĹ֮·©һ㡣
̧ͷȻ֮ɫĿͻأı仯һʱ䶼ЩãȻ޴롣
ֻ;Գͷ
ͬǣԳļף
ˡɹˣ


836 ֮
һҲʮƽСһű׼ĵ˴⣬ֻһ
ҳ򵥣ͷû׼һŻɾĵذ壬ֻǵذϻѾɢҵӸҲκοŵĵط
ʱҹҵĴûϣһƬڣȻС֮У賿ҵʱΣС·⣬ҵκĹԴ
ʵϣʱﻹû˯ˣһЩôļһ
ʱ˿̣ҵǰŲѪ˿˫ֱۣ㶵ĶŵĻ˫ֲͣûż̵ӽαǹôļһ֮һ
֣ͨ׵˵дС˵
ԷһѾ΢Ŀȣӽνȵĵ屭ȡܣÿһҪʮҲʵӽθоЩġ
ȻЧҲǼѣȻʮҿʼһֱǷ죬ڿȵ£ӽܹڵǰԼ˼ľһһֵĸĵ֮ڣȻЩеЧʵĽǶ˵˳
ʵ£ǲ᰾ҹģֻ̫һ棬Ҫǣҹڶһ춼ήҲ״̬ȻȻģڰĴ̱ҲɲСӰ졣
ȴԲͬΪӽҪΪԼһС˵д½β
ͳԼʱޱ졭˵֮󣬿ɵϣȴȻ£Ȳѵ£ӽβòѡ˳ҹϸķʽʧˡ
ܿʵĻҲϵʱ˽ŵ״
ڹ涨Ľظ֮ǰܹԣɵĽдˡ
˵֮˱пɺ֮
ֻϰԵĻὫԼһչֳԼɺ޵ĵطأ¼֮˿·ȱȽǣɺ֮ȴƺëǡ
дˣ
ӽԼļһµһλһԼдݣһʱЩ⡣
ⲿСϴСС˵Ѫ֮ǽβڸոտʼѾ
񾭹һдĽԼдĽд˳ӽ˵ʵһĪҸ
ٺ٣ƿάƣֱӴӶάռɱάռ䣬ߵĵĻȻ󿴵Ļдŵݣһеô£һŭ֮½ɱһ֣һ˵֮ɣ
ӽһߵţһĵˡȫꡱ֣źƣ˸˿Ļʾʱ󣬻ЩӲĲ
ЩŽĵã׼һ磬һ彻硣
һꡭúϢһ죬Ȼʼ̣ϣܱдĸðɣ
ӽȭͷԼһ뿪ңȥ
˯֮ǰϴ裬һƣǳϲһ顣
ӽ߳ңҵ¹̨֮ʼǱĻȻһ˰·
Ⲩ˰·ͻȻʼתܿͱһ㣡
ԽԽѸٴӱʼǱĻ룬Ȼһֱһҵĺڶ
ţӰεڵĴӺڶб¡˳׷еĵ˴ϣ֮ǰͻͨķҶȻ
¡˴ϵķҶȻѸٵ˵ϣȻһ䱸ؿޱİС䡣
ģ
ҶȻǾ㵵ɫѹʵ
ķҡҡͷüͷ¿˿Ȼ߱ǱʼǱĻϣ
ڱ¡֮ǰķҶȻйһоľ
һȫ޵Ŀռ䣬ǸռķظԼڱͣĸ죡
սάϵ죡
ѵ֮⣿
ҶȻͬ￴ţСÿһޱȵİ
ǻңҿķߣڸо̫⡣
пܡ
ķѾߵ˱ʼǱǰǰᷢĶҲ֪Ӧôȥ⡣
ʼǱĻʾһĸŵ֣ȴܹݡ
ֻһ֮£ķʱ׻ڵ
ôˣ
ҶȻĴȻ˳ķĿ⣬Ҳĵֵ֡
һʱ䣬ȫ뵽˴͵С
ֻЩּ¼𣿡
ܿ쿴Ļʾ֣ҶȻ̲סʵ
϶ֹ
ķ֪ǰɢĶӦȥʹãֻܱ׾ڸطȥͰѹ
Ȼͷ֣Щ֮Ǹﾹǿʼµ֣
ķķһָ˰·һʱĻϵֶʱ˻
ȫµķķǰһĻϵ֣࿴涼дЩʲôʱ򣬷⴫һ΢ĽŲûķҶȻӦűֱӱƿոϴӽֻһڿ㣬˽
ֻ۾ʱȫһ
ӽȻŴͣĿƺһӾ


837 С˵Һʹ
ӽθоܻȫ޷ôֻϴ˸ĹԼﾹȻĪĶ
Ϊһ׼լУĵȻҲܶԶǰ״޷ܣ΢º󣬱ܵķӦǴȣ
ֻǸո죬ûȺķȻһֱסӽεĲӣ
ʱȱͬʱôҲһƬհס
ӽޱȿ־ĶǰӣһʱȴܾӿЩ졭
ҪܸоõΧȫˣҪǰĻҿ㱣֤ɵĽһ뿴ģ𣿡
һסӽεĲӺķѹӽεĶ˵
ΪȱӽѾͨ죬ǿ־˫ۣķ˵Ļһ߱ܵķӵ֣һصͷ
òٵӦΪǼôŲӵĻоԼϾҪϢˡ
ڿӽεͷ֮ķɿ֣ȻͿӽ˫ϥһֱӰ˵ϣͣĿͬʱĴں
ȻҲСķüϸΧĶҲûټʹʲôǿӲֶΡ
ķôСģʵΪȫİĵط֮ԼҲ֮˾޴ı仯
С޷ʹãʧȥжԪֻʥĸӦ
֮ԻܹһΧڵĶĸ֪ȫΪɱűȽǿˡ
ǿҲֻڵ֮ͨǰ۷״̬ͬն
ˣķʧȥеΪû˶ԪֻʥĸӦЩؼ޷ʹã
ǿҲΪάȵ󽵵ͣ
ֱ仯ķЩ֣̿ԭΪӵоԵᴩʼյűҲ֮ܵһЩӰ졣
סǰ֮ˣҲķ֮˵ǿһ˽⡣
ˣǿȶǰ֮ƵĻҲôǡ
ΪԵֵ۵Ļǰ֮˵ڱЩͨ˶Ҫöֱ࣬ųȥݡ
ķǿȣ¾޴Ҳܹʦεͬ
ǡ˭
ӽΰڵϴϢ˺һڻ˹Ǿֵɫѹʵ
仰Ӧ㣬⵽ô£
ķָűʼǱĻϵĵʵ
ʲôô£
ӽԼĲӣ˿̨ʼǱԣһʱЩԡ
¼ݾô£
ķʵͣȴɷ֡
άȵı仯ܹıڻܹıĹи˲һֻǵ廹ǿͨˡ
ȴ޷ıеġѾֲĶ
սļɺʶһֲɱ
ӽαһ飬ʶޱȼٵĻشдС˵СϴСд֡
һ˵ţһ͵ۿķı飬ڿķϵɫ˱仯֮ӽ̲סСʵȤ
С˵ǹ°ɣϴСǽʲô֣
ѾĻϵһЩݣķǲȷԼĲ²⣬һʱѯʵЩ
ǣķ㡭
ӽ˫ۺȻɴΪȻãǰһһŮȻûмӴò˵ƺеŮûκβ𰡣
ʲô
ѵԼڽдŮƿάȿռƣ˲ɣ
뵽ӽ̲ס˿ĭ֮һƬҡ
ʵ޷ԼǸʲôĸоҲ̫˼Щɣ
ԭʲô
Ц˺𣡴Ҷ۵ΨߣܲѧԽ͵Ķ
ӽ̲סţͷĿ־ǸЩ
ΪȻΪýԵøгͻԣֱӰԼڹµĩ˸дˣ
İдȥչζšϾҪ˵ݰˣ
ӽεɫͻȻҰͷҲʼϸܵĺ飬ķܹµһЩԭ򣬵ȴûпڶ˵ʲôֻǳӽ֣ķվǰȻԼ˵ҲʹʹдС˵ͷβҳҿһ顣
ӽεȻҾܾķҪʵʵߵǰԼϺ󣬽ⱾС˵ĵȫ򿪣Ȼͷʼķչʾ


838 õԣ
ķĺܿ죬Ҳ棬ά֮ǿȾڱƽȵĽͣȴԶԶĳͨ˵Ľޡ
лǱʽﵽͨ˼޷ﵽĸ߶ȡ
ӾϢͼ
ӽڴĵ֮󣬱ʼһֱͣڰ»δ֡
ˣȴЩ޷ķĶٶȣ£ӽβò껬һʹãŽĸķĽչ
ĸĶ£ϴСֵݣǱķڶ̶̵һСʱʱȫĶ
һСʱʱҶȻҲһֱվķ󣬶ĻϲϻĵݣϵıǸӡ

ķһֱȫ֮ű۾Ժ˲ʮӵʱ䣬Ȼ󻺻³һ
ѹҴܹܵĪĿ־ֿ־ԵͻȻİ˵Ϯܹﵽĳ̶ȣԭС˵βǰɱ˰
ķϵӽΣƽ˵
ȿȡǡҡȷʵû뵽ֻǹ˼һ֡ȻΪʵ
ӽ˿ĭޱȽŵ˵
ΪʲôôдΪʲôҪĽβɱ㣿
ķʵ

ӽƫͷķһۣԼķƢҲ֪ɫϿʲôǲܵ顣
ɵ̾˿˵趨УϣͻάȣС˵Ȼ󿴵һ֮е飬ĽбŪԭԼֻǱȡõݣһŭ֮£ɱҡž
ӽεЩƹˤζ
ѾȥһСʱʱ䣬Ȼ޷ǰЩ顣
ӿѧĽǶȻ޷͵ģǴѧĽǶƺЩ˵ͨĵطˡ
ƫƫӽǼᶨߣ͸޷ǰıʡ
Ȼ㴴ôӦ˽ҵԸǣķȻɱȴΪԵɱɱ֡
ķƽֻƽжһ˿ζ
ôĳЩİŻﱾԸͻ󲿷ΪҪҲһЩΪ߸˵ϲúΪù±ϷԡȿȣϾѧҪ̫Ͻ߼ϵĶֻҪ±㹻ÿ͹ˡ
ӽԼıǼ⣬ε˵
Լдȥ۾飬ָоǳ죬ķ˵ᰴдɱԼӽ˿ŵ˶滺һЩ
ҪȥѧϰĶˡдݣҺȻͻά֮Ϊ߶ɱȻɳ򡯣ȥΡ桯ɣ
ķʵ
ӽαܵĵ˵ͷ
ȻǺνġ򡯱Ӧ൱ľݴ½ɣҪɳǰұܷɲУ֮ҺȻѾʧȥ˷е˵Ƿˣ򵥵ؼҺȻ޷ʹáķУҸܲԪֻʥĴڣټάҵǿҲȽͣȻҪǿĶ࣬ԼʱȣͬնΪʲô
ķЩ벻ͨʵ

ӽãȻգգ۾ĵ㲻ô¡ѵҾ𣿣
Ҷ֪ôӵĺֲӣ
ѵҲ֪ⲿС˵㴴ģ㴴Ϊʲôı仯Ϊʲôǰ涼ǰдľߣ֮һоʧȥ˿ƣ㡭֪ԭ򣿡
ķüʵ
˽⼸Ϊ㣬޷ĴʽԼӽζʲô
ֻ˼άУȻӽֵܹͨķʽһ绹ʵڣάҪȵǰһЩĻôӽαӦ൱ǸĴһĴڣУӵҲӦúٲǡ
ƫƫ֮ͨǰסӽεĶķȷӽεʼͨ˶кܴĲ磬㵼ķӻҡ
㲻絽ʲôת
ˣ
һֱãȻӽκȻԺһ뵽һܣ̲סڽһ
ʲô
ķҶȻȫŤͷӽΡ
Ҳ֪Բԣֻǲ²⡣
ӽͷǺȷļ˵֮֮ǰľΪʽҵİȥУΪǵʱС˵֮еС˵ľȻҪдµȥչС˵㲻ܸıһ㡣
ǵͻС˵άƣڵ硭ǱѾҵĿơҶС˵κ޸ģӰ쵽ǡڵ֮󣬱ʧȥе޷дȥ桭ΪͬȥӰֻ߸ıκιҶǵ죬˺һ֮󣬱㱻Ĺй
ƺЩʹ˽һУ
ķָӽǰĵԣ˵


839 ʱ
⿪ʼ͸΢ĳ⣬ҹ𽥵رȫɢʱӽεԼѪ˿ɺ˫ۣضұ컨壬Ĵ˸Ƿ
óֻ˿ʾʱ䣬Ѿ㣬ڴһСʱʱȴȻûгɹ˯ӽβ⡭ֻĸʹࡣ
޷ԼһһУʹԼ˫ۺ󣬲ޱȽӲĳӵķŤȥ
ٴγķҶȻ˵Ӱӽ̲ס̾һֱӸסԼԴ
εĻͿѹɣ
֮ǰ˲Сʱʱ䣬̻ķʹõԼͨȥͲҪҵݡ
һСʱʱķҶȻһֱڵǰ۾ͨȥ˽Ҫ˽һС
Ϊӽλŵȥְһӽֻڽŵע⵽ҶȻòʱӽô׼լЩʧ̬
ڴϣ𲻾ǰ̬ӽζ졣
ȻᱻԼĽɫסʲôЦ
Ǹ磬˻ĳ̶ȣƫƫɴ˴ġǶʵļԼʽڲ˼ķչ
ӽθոñӸסԼԴķ̾
ȻֻһСʱңȻķѾͨԺ磬һ˽⡣
ַ˼ѧϰӽκĽԭ趨ʱֻΪǵǿڹµĲϷչУķıһѧϰǿĴڡ
ȴû뵽ȻҲܹʵߡ
ֱڣӽ벻ͨķҶȻԼеԭڴϵһСʱȻ˼㣬ȴ޷˯Ҫԭ򣬾˼еԵɺ⣬ŵ´ʼմڷǳԾ״̬Ӷ޷ߡ
ֻͷӽҲ벻κܹ֧ǰ״
ͬʱ״̬ҲӰ졣
Ϊҹδߣ˵ľ屾ʹڼ״̬ͣطŴ
˵ӦóƺΪףȻ֮ĹϵҪ⸴ӵö࣬ѵദɡ״̬ôҳȥߣúõʶ硣
ķűӣԺ˼ŵʱķٴڶ
ƿ㶵ؿķƽı飬ӽεָָԼͨ˫ۣڵ㿴ӣ״̬õҪȥй䣬û·Ҿͻֱεڵϡ
ȻˣΪʲôͨ˯ָ壿ѾڴϺܾõʱˣһֱЩʲô
ķֵʵ
ӽ̲ס˸ۣڵô˯ţ飬ѵ˯𣿡
Ȼκ飬ȱ֤Ľ״̬Ǳġ
ķȻĵ˵ͷ
øͣҾͲðԸ趨֪н죬ҵӦһֱ趨ɹɵ
ӽη߷˵
֪˭Ҳ÷ңǶЧȻ޷Ϣôҿ԰㡣
ķν˵
԰ңô㲻˵Ԫʥ㶼о𣿼Ȼˣôһָƣͣ
ӽֵʵ
ȻͿķЦЦͬʱƳɵԼĲಱ
ûκηӦϾͰôһ£Ȼǰһڣֱ˹ȥ
ôû𣿡
ҶȻüʵ
İɣҰ˽ܹιȥĳ̶ȣľ̫ܵĴ̼ôҹûоκεϢԭѾҪıԵΪ쳣ܶ޷ߵĻڵ϶Ҫһǿ˯һ˯ˣоϺܶࡣ
ķڽ͵
ȥģȻͨǸԣȻͨǸ˽ʱӦȥȥҲ϶ôϰȥʹչЩʣҪǣûлҡ硭ûлҵ£Ǵ粽еİɣ
ҶȻ˴Ѿ˯ȥķһۣʵ
⸽תһתɣͨǸȥ鿴վûֱӺ;塣ʣӦû˯˸Сʱңʱ䵽ˣٻȥУ
ôȷʱ䣿ֻɣֻ߰ɣʾʱţأ˷˶к󣬾ȻܹϷչĳ̶ȡ
ֻ˵չķͬ߰ɣȥ硣


840 ̳
ӽ˯ĺֱܳӱķƵεģھ״̬뵽ȵ˯ߵУûκȥֻǳ˯ߵĻᣬһ˯ĺ
˯лʱ򣬳˸оӻЩʹ⣬ӽβûκʵĵط֮ǰķƵĵطٻЩɬ
ȻͷһҪҵֻʱ䡣
ϰߣ֮ĵһʱ޷ҵֻӽλǳûаȫУϰߣ󲿷ִ˶еġ
ԺһȴûԼֻӽ΢΢һ㶣˸ȥͷһߡ
𣿡
һͬʱһϿƻֻӽεǰ
ؿϤֻ˻˼ӵʱ֮ӽ͵شӴϵȻ㿴ķҶȻվԼĴߣһȤı鿴Լ
ΰ
ӽվڴϣ˵ػζһ̲ס̾˿ͬʱֽӹԼֻ
ȻΣô˵ҲǸĴʵܻǸеİɣ
ķ˫۱أ֮ɫ˵
ӽɫ΢΢һ죬ɿһſڵðɣǽô죿ǰȷʵ֪дⱾ󣬾ȻһȫûпǹǳʵеĻӦȥǡҪʵ棬ֻԼȥ취ǰﲻʲôæġ
Ҳû㣬ͨԺõЩϢҲֻƽһͨ˰ˣȻûȥˡڳ׵Ӧ֮ͻ뿪ڴ֮ǰȷʵҪһЩֶ
ķ̯˫֣Щεļ˵˯ʱҺȻȥһȦȻڴŵ⣬һ·ʼմڱΧ۵״̬Ȼȥ硣ȷʵҪæǴŵ״̬
·϶û⡣
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Ȼ޷ʹáСҵĹ۲񣬸ղ֮ǰұѾע⵽Χȷûܿġ
ķҲЦŽ͵
۲ܵģѵǲ֪һֶԶ𣿻һֶ̽ͷֿԶмֱֻӻеΪļģĹ۲ûã֮Ժ򲻵ѵ£ǧֳľٶˣӦң
ӽεȻ
ķ΢΢һ
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ҿԭĽУҺȻڽɱ֮󣬿ʼ棬Ϊµ֮ͻһռԭͨʥλãͨʱ䣬ʥż֮ͨǣȻռͨѪΪҪһͬʱһᱻ׷Ϊʥ
ǰȥ̳·ϣķӽβһ𣬿˵
ǣʲô𣿡
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ڵΪķѯ⣬Ϊķһʱһ·Ϸǲ·ˣ᲻ĽͶעһͷȫԴﵽٷ֮ٵĳ̶ȣ
ԸŵһŮȻŮ˿ɹ۵ĻͷʣӽεȻ²ΪƫƫͷķģҴЩ·˵Уӽηܹǵıڿ׳һʵΪˡ
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ķ󣬸ԼĴ𰸡
ӽδʲô˼ֻҪȫȥ⣬ǱȽѣҲͲȥ롣
̳ӽμڵסլԶ·Ҳҡ
Ϊǹգ磬̳˲࣬ӽδķҶȻֱһŮװеƷƵ
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һִ˵۹⣬ֱķҶȻѡ˼·ȫ¼ȥԣӽԼĵĵȺڵЩ·ǷʺԼġ
˧磬𣿡
дķԱӽεԣĿʵ
ǣѣôˣ
ûʲôǾɫͦõģ·мֹ˵ζ˵ʲôԱ𣿡
ԱһְҵЦݵʵ
ӽɫһڨڨ˵ǽɫݣרҵģһչᣬ˴·ˣⲻ͹˳һ
ӽεĽͣԱûκλɣֻǼЦǺǵͬӽδŻȻͣĸӽμƼʽ¿䡣
ӽζԴȱȱƽ۵꣬ܲס󰡡ҪǶϼףӽλԼ»ܲʣ³ԷǮ
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ҶȻԲ˵趨ɵǵòʵҲչֵ쾡£ķòȻܺҶȻȣıһ·ӵӣڻִķװ֮󣬿һԽͯŮνĹʳģҪϲ֪ٱ
ôһ¼һӾͳΪĽ㣬ЩԱһֱۣǴδܹǼҵ·ÿ
ӽ̲סڶﰧһ
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842 Ʀϣ
ҵʱӽεɫЩࡣ
ΪķҶȻ¼֮ﾭɲǼĳţֱ뵽˷С
ԱʼͣĸѰµ·䣬ÿһλװȫһľ֮У
־ޣϴŵ¿ڷһ㣡
ӽοĸʵ֧Ųɨǧѡʹ£ֻķҶȻÿס
ˣոմ뿨еĸҲֱӼ˵ס
Һó˳ĸѣӽλⱾĵӰվŵ棬Ļһ治֪Ҫôȥά
ͨɹҽͼֵֽңӲͨͨ⣬ʵһַǳŵ뷨ֱԵӻҵʽʼ𽥵ȥȡֽҵĴڡһڹ˵ҲκγɱֻϢеһֶѡֵĶѣȡڵǰܹļֵȻ֮ǰͨѾ֪Щ飬ǷſֻһſƬڻˢһ¾˸Ḷ́ɾúǾ档
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ͻϰˣԺҲҪġһУ㶼ȥȫӦС
ӽλԼˢȥǮڷһ󣬱ķҶȻһҳĵꡣ
̳һۺԵ̳һ¥ǳкһЩĵ棬¥¥ǸŮװЬñ¥Ϊ¥ǵӰԺKTVԼֵĳ
ּλĶУܹǾ󲿷ֲͬѲεڡ
һ׬ǮӪﲻǸ磬ȻòӦû鷳Ҳû㹻ȥԲô˵ЩҽҪȥǵص㡣
ķ˵
粻ǷֻҪȥ׬ǮԼͺˣҪʲôġֻҪϰͻɣʱѡһӵĵطȻһȥȥҲˡ
ҶȻķ֣˵
ȷʵˣӱʵǸȣûʲôֻͬǽǿʳһЩνġ͡ΡȥڸǣȨײ㣬ȨײܹƻڻҪԶԶĴǵǸ硣
ķŤͷҶȻ˵ҶȻĿͬ
ϸҪԶǸĶ࡭
ûΪ綼ͨˣ̫СŹһ޷γκζԿԹһҵĿǷǳǿƲҾǿġǸ磬Ҳһ̶ܹԹγвĸ״̬£ҲĲȡһǿӲֶΡΪ̫СκζԿҵΪȡ
ӽε˵£ķ˵ʵļȷȻֻҪһҪĳƺ⣬ȫֶָͨȥȷȷĿ꣬ǵ磬ǿ߻߹һţôֻҪһ֮ܵ㹻Զʯ󺣣˭Ҳû취ȴܣ޴ڵļأ޴ڵ磬ϼÿһǣѾ粼ó΢µ磬ûκܿԣһ档ǲչȥȻѰ·ǡȨߡ
ķ˵ǶԵģ̫ã磬Ȩûа취ȥƺģվᶥһСˣһС¾㲻޼ɵҲȥԶƯŮˣκһ磬п鷳ԴͷȷʵӦСһЩ
ӽһ˵ţһŲ˵ͬԱһ
ζôɫֻ˵һ㣬ڳԹ˸ζȵķҶȻʵǺǵȤ
ԳЩ㣬ֻΪӶѡ
·Ա˶ӣӽִķҶȻϵ¥һӰ
3DЧʵķҶȻ˵ޱ顣
ȵӰɫѾ׵ĺ
Ƴ֣˴̳߳ķҶȻоΪֻӽΪԼпĬĬ
ڸһҾƵǶɣ̫СҲǵ˴סˡԺǵҪοʼоɡ鷢̫ͻȻҵû
ӽһ˵ţһͳֻAPP𸽽ĿݾƵ
ܿҵһҾ벻̫Զƽ۾Ƶ꣬ѡѰ·Ȼ㰴ֻĵͼָʾǾƵȥ
ӽסСԵλãͨһ˵ǳϲʵϵλΪƫƧ
յͼָʾǿݾƵȥĹУܿߵһ˵ƧС
ӭһϮӽʶ̧ͷߴֻ룬Ϳ߸Űӡϴĺӭ


843 Ʀ£
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ӭ㴵һȻЩѾ˲٣·ƻûκҡΣӦǸոպȵͷϣûĵȫƵĳ̶ȡ
һ˳֣ӽαܵıһ飬æÿӣ˵·ıϣҪһùȥ˵
ȻǰᣬνĺڵѾǰôĿŵֱߵĻƦɲײƽ˵ֻåż
ҲֻҪǣ˲ǨҪµʱ򣬾ͱּһˡ
ͨϰջ㲻ϴڵײ㣬ʹǶŷḻƨǻۡ
ǾẦĹԱִֻߣΪЩڵļһζǱҪعؽģڵǰһϢ߶ȷκζ´ζпֱܱӷŴûȥܵĵز
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ȻӽõһԣķҶȻɴûõϰߡ
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ɵǵľھƾ±ĿˣȫԼƢȥµʱ򣬹ԱռϷ硣
ͨɱʱԸջ³ҪԷƢΣҪʲô̶ȲöԷˡ
ķͨˡ޷ٸ֪κԪֻʥҲɾ߱Զͨǿȵ塣
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ټ屾ǿȣԺŵ˵ķ޷أ޷ַƸꡢֲ׺ɣǿ࣡
˵˺Ļһ㶼Ϊ
ӵһţķûжҲû赲ӵһŽʵʵСϡ
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ȻôƯ椣ѵǺȶۻ˲ɣ
һЩֵ˳ĭ˵
ҪۻҲȫۻģ椿ɱŮ˶ҪƯĶ࣡ҪܸһҲֵˣ
ޣʲôϢɵĻֱӴȥɣɵΪֹ
Ҿÿԣ·ҲûмأеĴߣ֫Щ֯ȥ椡ȥúһʱ䣡ʲôʱˣͰӻǸϴԡȥֻҪųֻʧٸ˵ĻҲʲôӡ
˻ܻ֮
ķ΢΢üŤͷӽʵǾĿŵ
ô֪Ҷ˵ȦӺʽȫ˽ġ
ӽοЦ˵
Ŀŵٺ٣˵ĺãǾĿŵҲ缸Ǹ˭ģ㵹ùҲǸ㳤ԣƽ޹ʵģôƯŮѣ˵ڼȥȣȻҴϵĴôƧĵطⲻԼҲȻ㳤˼ҲˣԻԼȥɣ
˶һԼһЦ˵
ɱ𣿡
ķûֻŤͷͬӽʵ
ȻܣɱҪ̵ģʲôԭѵ뱲Ӷڼɹ𣡡
ӽαһҲɵô
ðɣˡ
ķ̾˿ε˵Ȼ㳯Щ˱˸ƣŵһϰɣҵʱ䡣


844 Ӱ
ȻʵѹƵͨ˵ķ룬ķȻӵſͽ˺ЩƦåͨ˱ܴģķʵǺͺͯһûκεս
ԵЩƦķŭȻĳķ֮սĹֻ̽ǳ˼ӣֱ
еĵƦȫɵ˵ϣĳλֱӱŶشҽͬʱƫƧСԵ쳣̶
ķûʹȫֻǰԼӽεǿȵ⣬ʹ˴ܹԷε֡
ȻЩƦȫӽҪϲ٣ûĽǴΣֻǽһڵأᵽ˸еʹࡣ
ɱ˻鷳ٶĽѵҲûõģ˰ֻۣҪһȥǸôͻôôȥѹƣͻǻôȥѹƣֱɱˣһ˰ˡ
ЩƦĲҽУķȥһţÿһŶպЩƦѨλϣʹЩƦǲҽеȻֹһ˲Ǻɫȴ޷ٷĶ
ǿɲУĹκΥԸΪͨȥ綨ִֻزȨȥʩСȥĻΥΪӦҲ֪һΥĻʲôɣ
ӽθæǰ
ķɱ֡
ϾеķȻ˵ʲôĺҪ˵ɱ˲գۣȴҲһ㶼Ϊ
ֻҪΪɱɱ֮ˣķǾԲġ
ǰЩƦǰ±ڸɱ֮˵ķ롭
ҵȻ֪㲻ɱǣҲӦøһЩ̵ĽѵǡϾҺȻͨ˵Ļ¾ͲĽˡӣ֮ǰ˵飬ӦҲٴˣҲ֪жͨ˻ǵϣǲۼ㲻
˵ͬʱķֿ̧ʼЩƦ
ÿ˵϶ֻǱ˼ƣܿеĵƦȫꡣ
ӽվһԺǺؿţЩƦϿ˿ı仯ƺķһϵеĶûжκζӰ졭
ˣ߰ɣȥùݰɡ
ķЩ֣֮Ц˵
ӽЩãȻص˵ͷ㲻ķʲôֽš
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ķҶȻС֣΢Ц˵
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ӽμе
ģǣϵġ
ķŵֻӽεļȻ͵ֻһĿưˣÿ˵ϷֱƣƷֱӦࡢθԼͨĿƣƵֻǰǵ֮ڣʱһֱͣĶڵλʴҵĻӿʴһʴﵽԶࡢθֻ˺ʱҲζšǵߵ˾ͷ
˵ķͷ룬Ȼż˵ĸȥ͵ĻҪô˥ϣҪôĹϣ֮һǷǳĲұ֤ǽʬ죬Ҳᱻκ⡣
ӽ΢΢Ŵͣû뵽ôһش
㡭ȷ𣿿ǡ㲻޷ͨκԪֻʥֻƾ޷𣿡
Ȼһеġ
ķ˵
ǡʱãҵ˼ǣ󡭡Ҫõʱ䣬ǻεڵȥһĳһʱڣΪͬһȥҲ˵Ļɰɣ
ӽδʵ
ģǵʲһµİҲһһܵǷһӰ죬ϣһµ֮ȫεȥɡ
ķȻе˽ȥ
ӽβٶʣķԸȻȥѾˣôٶ˵Ҳ档
˿ݾƵ⣬ھƵԵȣӽζһ˽ȥ˸䣬Ȼ´ӾƵ߳ݸķ
˶û֤Կֻҵֱ֤ȥУȻЩ壬ûȥúһ¡ٹǡǡôɡ
ӽοţ˵
ˣô˵ҺȻϣ˵ĳֻţ㲻̫ģһһĴ𸴡
ӹ˷ķϿҵ˵
ӽûɵͷһɣȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ


845 Ҫ֣
ĿķҶȻ˿ݾƵ꣬ӽЩľȻתسԼڵķȥ
СǼƦ϶ڣӽʵЩӰԱ㻻һԸԶһЩȥһɵ
һ·֮ϣӽһֱԺ˼˼顣
ӽ賿дֿʼһֱĿķҶȻ˿ݾƵΪֹһÿһӣԺ¹һ顣
ӽβʲô壬ֻǲԾҪͨʽȥѰһЩɵĵط֤ԼΡ
ֻͻȻĳˣЦ˵㱻ˣˣָĳĪķ򣬸ͷһֱ͵͵еķӦеһжֻǸ磬ΪһǵĿѡ
ǿϧЩ붼ûгΪʵ
εĲԸȥţѾҳΪʵľ桭ƺȥܡ
ͬ˵ֻʼһЩôϲ⡣
̹Ȼԣ
ǻجج߻Լסլڵ˼ǰͳԿ״˼š
ʱ磬ĸû˯ȴҲûڿпĵӡ
ڲһûʲô߼Եķ磬Ȼӽζⲿ粢ðΪԱݼ̫䣬̨ʺ;ĹҲ̫ǣκĸ׺ϲԼĵʱÿÿܻᱻⲿռĻĻ档
ͥԶǵӵȨӵߡ
͸ĸ򵥵кһӽα㾶ֱңһ·ܵ䣬ԡ򿪣Ҳˮһߣôֱ㶵ĳһˮ衣
Ǳˮ壬ӽ̲סһ飬·Զ֮ࡣ
߶µǿ֮ӽδСãһ̵ĴܻԼҡ
Ȼһƨ˵ǰĵ򿪣ٴϸԼ֮ǰҹдĽ֡
ԭһӦڽ㽻ģκηǹ飬ӽθûüȥɽ塣
ʱԼû꣬ȴѾϣԾһ졭ٽˡ
һԼдĽֺӽζŵԵĻ˻űҧҧȻ꣬һǼȫɾ
ķҶȻͻάȣʵһ鿪ʼݶʱһƬհס
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ڱɾӽǱķڼֱ֮ɱķҶȻһȥġ
ķҶȻĴС˵˳нβдݲûʵ֣ȻԶҲʵ֮󡭡ӽҲͲβˡ
ڽ֮ǰĽβȫɾ֮ӽοʼľƷչ½Լһ飬
̲ӣЩˮ˵ζӽξܵȥĴһ£ùԵЩͻȤζڱƽվ޷дʲôĶ
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´ӹµĽǶ˵ͻԲ㡣
ȻɾݽķҶȻʵ֮ݣھݴ½ϵĽְţӽβûκȥıĴ㡣
ΪɾЩ࣬ѾһңԾӽдٶȲڻؼ֮дҹʱ֣ŽɾЩ㡣
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